<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73587 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the nature of the $\phi\to\gamma\pi\eta$ and


  hep-ph/0104081 was put by accident insdead of "replace hep-ph/0101024"(v2).
We apologize very much.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126405 </DOCNO>
Afterglow upper limits for four short duration, hard spectrum gamma-ray


  We present interplanetary network localization, spectral, and time history
information for four short-duration, hard spectrum gamma-ray bursts, GRB000607,
001025B, 001204, and 010119. All of these events were followed up with
sensitive radio and optical observations (the first and only such bursts to be
followed up in the radio to date), but no detections were made, demonstrating
that the short bursts do not have anomalously intense afterglows. We discuss
the upper limits, and show that the lack of observable counterparts is
consistent both with the hypothesis that the afterglow behavior of the short
bursts is like that of the long duration bursts, many of which similarly have
no detectable afterglows, as well as with the hypothesis that the short bursts
have no detectable afterglows at all. Small number statistics do not allow a
clear choice between these alternatives, but given the present detection rates
of various missions, we show that progress can be expected in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86968 </DOCNO>
Space Time Foam: a ground state candidate for Quantum Gravity


  A model of space-time foam, made by $N$ wormholes is considered. The Casimir
energy leading to such a model is computed by means of the phase shift method
which is in agreement with the variational approach used in Refs.[9-14]. The
collection of Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m wormholes are separately
considered to represent the foam. The Casimir energy shows that the
Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m wormholes cannot be used to represent the foam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 533 </DOCNO>
DNA folding: structural and mechanical properties of the two-angle model


  We present a theoretical analysis of the structural and mechanical properties
of the 30-nm chromatin fiber. Our study is based on the two-angle model
introduced by Woodcock et al. (Woodcock, C. L., S. A. Grigoryev, R. A.
Horowitz, and N. Whitaker. 1993. PNAS 90:9021-9025) that describes the
chromatin fiber geometry in terms of the entry-exit angle of the nucleosomal
DNA and the rotational setting of the neighboring nucleosomes with respect to
each other. We explore analytically the different structures that arise from
this building principle, and demonstrate that the geometry with the highest
density is close to the one found in native chromatin fibers under
physiological conditions. On the basis of this model we calculate mechanical
properties of the fiber under stretching. We obtain expressions for the
stress-strain characteristics which show good agreement with the results of
recent stretching experiments (Cui, Y., and C. Bustamante. 2000. PNAS
97:127-132) and computer simulations (Katritch, V., C. Bustamante, and W. K.
Olson. 2000. J. Mol. Biol. 295:29-40), and which provide simple physical
insights into correlations between the structural and elastic properties of
chromatin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149350 </DOCNO>
p,q-Duality and Hamiltonian Flows in the Space of Integrable Systems or


  Variation of coupling constants of integrable system can be considered as
canonical transformation or, infinitesimally, a Hamiltonian flow in the space
of such systems. Any function $T(\vec p, \vec q)$ generates a one-parametric
family of integrable systems in vicinity of a single system: this gives an idea
of how many integrable systems there are in the space of coupling constants.
Inverse flow is generated by a dual "Hamiltonian", $\widetilde T(\vec p, \vec
q)$ associated with the dual integrable system. In vicinity of a self-dual
point the duality transformation just interchanges momenta and coordinates in
such a "Hamiltonian": $\widetilde T(\vec p, \vec q) = T(\vec q, \vec p)$. For
integrable system with several coupling constants the corresponding
"Hamiltonians" $T_i(\vec p, \vec q)$ satisfy Whitham equations and after
quantization (of the original system) become operators satisfying the
zero-curvature condition in the space of coupling constants: [ d/dg_a -
T_a(p,q), d/dg_b - T_b(p,q) ] = 0. Some explicit formulas are given for
harmonic oscillator and for Calogero-Ruijsenaars-Dell system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128462 </DOCNO>
On the Continuous Formation of Field Spheroidal Galaxies in Hierarchical


  We re-examine the assembly history of field spheroidals as a potentially
powerful discriminant of galaxy formation models. Whereas monolithic collapse
and hierarchical, merger-driven, models suggest radically different histories
for these galaxies, neither the theoretical predictions nor the observational
data for field galaxies have been sufficiently reliable for precise conclusions
to be drawn. A major difficulty in interpreting the observations, reviewed
here, concerns the taxonomic definition of spheroidals in merger-based models.
Using quantitative measures of recent star formation activity drawn from the
internal properties of a sample of distant field galaxies in the Hubble Deep
Fields, we undertake a new analysis to assess the continuous formation of
spheroidal galaxies. Whereas abundances and redshift distributions of modelled
spheroidals are fairly insensitive to their formation path, we demonstrate that
the distribution and amount of blue light arising from recent mergers provides
a more sensitive approach. With the limited resolved data currently available,
the rate of mass assembly implied by the observed colour inhomogeneities is
compared to that expected in popular Lambda-dominated cold dark matter models
of structure formation. These models produce as many highly inhomogeneous
spheroidals as observed, but underpredict the proportion of homogeneous,
passive objects. We conclude that colour inhomogeneities, particularly when
combined with spectroscopic diagnostics for large, representative samples of
field spheroidals, will be a more valuable test of their physical assembly
history than basic source counts and redshift distributions. Securing such data
should be a high priority for the Advanced Camera for Surveys on Hubble Space
Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129571 </DOCNO>
Spatial Resolution of High-Velocity Filaments in the Narrow-Line Region


  Using the HST STIS spectrograph we have obtained a grid of [O III] and H-beta
emission-line spectra at 0"05x0"19 and 60 km/s (FWHM) resolution that covers
much of the NLR of NGC 1068. We find emitting knots that have blueshifted
radial velocities up to 3200 km/s relative to galaxy systemic, are 70-150 pc NE
of the nucleus and up to 40 pc from the radio jet, emit several percent of the
NLR line flux but no significant continuum, span velocity extents of up to 1250
km/s but a small fraction of the sky seen from the nucleus, coincide with a
region of enhanced IR coronal-line emission, and have ionized masses $\sim$200
Msun/ne4 (ne4=10^4 cm^{-3}). We argue that the blueshifted knots are ablata
from disintegrating molecular clouds that are being photoionized by the AGN,
and are being accelerated readiatively by the AGN or mechanically by the radio
jet. In their kinematic properties, the knots resemble the associated absorbers
seen projected on the UV continua of some AGN. Between 2"5-4"5 from the
nucleus, emission is redshifted relative to systemic, a pattern that we
interpret as gas in the galaxy disk being pushed away from us by the NE radio
lobe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126952 </DOCNO>
Radiation from collision-dominated relativistic pair fireballs


  It is generally accepted that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are initiated by a
relativistic pair fireball, converting its internal energy into kinetic energy
of a relativistically moving plasmoid and subsequently into radiation. Here, we
investigate the early stages of this evolution, after the pair fireball has
become optically thin to gamma-gamma pair production. We show that for a short
period of time, ~ 0.1 - a few seconds after the initial explosion, the pair
plasmoid evolution might be dominated by collisional processes prior to the
formation of a collisionless shock. We simulate these processes during the
early pair plasmoid evolution and calculate the expected radiative signatures.
We show that the radiation from the collision-dominated pair plasmoid phase
results in a short (~ a few ms) flash of thermal soft X-ray emission, followed
by a transition phase of < 1 s during which the fireball turns Thomson thin,
but its radiation remains dominated by thermal Comptonization, peaking at
around E_pk ~ 100 MeV - a few GeV. While the very early thermal emission could
be associated with the quasi-thermal radiation signatures found in the very
early phases of several bright BATSE GRBs, the predicted subsequent flash of
high-energy emission should be easily detectable with the GLAST satellite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114361 </DOCNO>
Converting Equipment Control Software from Pascal to C/C++


  The equipment control (EC) software of the GSI accelerators has been written
entirely in Pascal. Modern software development is based on C++ or Java. To be
prepared for the future, we decided to convert the EC software from Pascal to C
in a first step. Considering the large amount of software, this is done
automatically as far as possible. The paper describes our experiences gained
using a Pascal to C translator, Perl scripts, and, of course, some manual
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98849 </DOCNO>
Criteria for Similarity of a Dissipative Integral Operator to a Normal


  We consider an integral dissipative operator in its Brodskii-Livshits
triangular representation. The main question we are concerned with is
similarity of the operator to a normal one. We obtain necessary as well as
sufficient conditions for the similarity. The study is based on functional
model technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169050 </DOCNO>
Resonant and off-resonant transients in electromagnetically induced


  This paper presents a wide-ranging theoretical and experimental study of
non-adiabatic transient phenomena in a $\Lambda $ EIT system when a strong
coupling field is rapidly switched on or off. The theoretical treatment uses a
Laplace transform approach to solve the time-dependent density matrix equation.
The experiments are carried out in a Rb$^{87}$ MOT. The results show transient
probe gain in parameter regions not previously studied, and provide insight
into the transition dynamics between bare and dressed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98765 </DOCNO>
Wigner-Eckart Theorem in the crystal and the organisation of the genetic


  Modelising the translation errors by suitable mathematical operators in the
crystal basis model of the genetic code and requiring that codons prone to be
misread encode the same amino-acid, the main features of the organisation in
multiplets of the genetic code are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1710 </DOCNO>
Glass-like dynamical behavior in hierarchical models submitted to


  The dynamical behavior of a kind of models with hierarchically constrained
dynamics is investigated. The models exhibit many properties resembling real
structural glasses. In particular, we focus on the study of time-dependent
temperature processes. In cooling processes, a phenomenon analogous to the
laboratory glass transition appears. The residual properties are analytically
evaluated, and the concept of fictive temperature is discussed on a physical
base. The evolution of the system in heating processes is governed by the
existence of a normal solution of the evolution equations, which is approached
by all the other solutions. This trend of the system is directly related to the
glassy hysteresis effects shown by these systems. The existence of the normal
solution is not restricted to the linear regime around equilibrium, but it is
defined for any arbitrary, far from equilibrium, situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74674 </DOCNO>
Upper Limit on the Higgs Particle Mass


  It is shown that the effective Standard Model theory with the physical Higgs
mass lighter than $\sim 200$ GeV takes the form of an unbroken electroweak
theory already at moderately high, $O(1 TeV)$, energy scales. No such
transitional scale exists for the heavier Higgses. This result is independently
obtained by two standard regularization methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3060 </DOCNO>
End-effects of strongly charged polyelectrolytes - a molecular dynamics


  We investigate end-effects in the ion distribution around strongly charged,
flexible polyelectrolytes with a quenched charge distribution by molecular
dynamics simulations of dilute polyelectrolyte solutions. We take the
counterions explicitly into account and calculate the full Coulomb interaction
via an Ewald summation method. We find that the free counterions of the
solution are distributed in such a way that a fraction of the chain charges is
effectively neutralized. This in turn leads to an effective charge distribution
which is similar to those found for weakly charged titrating polyelectrolytes
that have an annealed charge distribution. The delicate interplay between the
electrostatic interactions, the chain conformation and the counterion
distribution is studied in detail as a function of different system parameters
such as the chain length Nm, the charge fraction f, the charged particle
density rho, the ionic strength and the solvent quality. Comparisons are made
with predictions from a scaling theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127413 </DOCNO>
Binary and Long-Term (Triple?) Modulations of 4U 1820$-$30 in NGC 6624


  We present timing analysis results for Rossi x-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE)
observations of x-ray binary source 4U 1820$-$30 located in the globular
cluster NGC 6624. The light curves of observations made between October 1996
and September 1997 show that the maximum of the 685s binary period modulation
folded by the linear ephemeris from previous observations has phase shift of
$-$0.20 $\pm$ 0.06. Combined with historical results (1976-1997), the binary
period derivative is measured to be $\dot P / P =(-3.47 \pm 1.48) \times
10^{-8}$ yr$^{-1}$. The previous known ($\sim$176 d) long-term modulation is
significant in the x-ray light curve obtained by analysis of the RXTE All-Sky
Monitor (ASM) during the years 1996-2000. The RXTE/ASM ephemeris is extended by
analysis of all historical data (Vela 5B and Ginga) to yield a period
171.033$\pm$0.326 days with no evidence for period change ($|{\dot{P}/ {P}}| <
2.20 \times 10^{-4}$ yr$^{-1}$). All reported x-ray burst activity is confined
to within $\pm$23 d of the predicted minima. This stable long-term modulation
is consistent with 4U 1820$-$30 being a hierarchical triple system with a
$\sim$1.1 d period companion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73796 </DOCNO>
Isospin Violation and the Magnetic Moment of the Muon


  We calculate the leading isospin-violating and electromagnetic corrections
for the decay tau -> pi^0 pi nu_tau at low energies. The corrections are small
but relevant for the inclusion of tau decay data in the determination of
hadronic vacuum polarization especially for the anomalous magnetic moment of
the muon. We show that part of the systematic differences between the measured
form factors in tau -> pi^0 pi nu_tau and e^+ e^- -> pi^+ pi^- is due to
isospin violation .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40733 </DOCNO>
J/psi suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at CERN SPS


  The NA38 and NA50 experiments at the CERN SPS have measured charmonium
production in different colliding systems with the aim of observing a phase
transition from ordinary hadronic matter towards a state in which quarks and
gluons are deconfined (Quark Gluon Plasma, QGP). In fact it was predicted that
the J/psi yield should be suppressed in deconfined matter. The analysis of the
data collected by the NA50 experiment with Pb-Pb collisions at 158 GeV/c per
nucleon shows that the J/psi is anomalously suppressed in central collisions
and the observed pattern can be considered as a strong indication for QGP
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86534 </DOCNO>
Laudatores Temporis Acti, or Why Cosmology is Alive and Well - A Reply


  A recent criticism of cosmological methodology and achievements by Disney
(2000) is assessed. Some historical and epistemological fallacies in the said
article have been highlighted. It is shown that---both empirically and
epistemologically---modern cosmology lies on sounder foundations than it is
portrayed. A brief historical account demonstrates that this form of
unsatisfaction with cosmology has had a long tradition, and rather meagre
results in the course of the XX century.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150032 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Quantum Newton's Law For A Spinless Particle


  For a one-dimensional stationary system, we derive a third order equation of
motion representing a first integral of the relativistic quantum Newton's law.
We then integrate this equation in the constant potential case and calculate
the time spent by a particle tunneling through a potential barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129708 </DOCNO>
The moon and the origin of life


  Earth is unusual in bearing life, and in having a large moon. A number of
authors have suggested a possible connection between the two, e.g. through
lunar stabilisation of the earth's obliquity, or through the effects of the
oceanic tides. The various suggestions are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85864 </DOCNO>
Momentum Imparted by Gravitational Waves with Spherical Wavefronts


  A different approach has been used to evaluate the momentum imparted by the
gravitational waves with spherical wavefronts. It is shown that the results
obtained for momentum coincide with those already available in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113391 </DOCNO>
Answer of the most important unsettled question of physical theory in


  Quantum mechanics take the sum of first finite order approximate solutions of
time-dependent perturbation to substitute the exact solution. From the point of
mathematics, it may be correct only in the convergent region of the
time-dependent perturbation series. Where is the convergent region of this
series? Quantum mechanics did not answer this problem. However it is relative
to the question, can we use the Schrodinger equation to describe the transition
processes? So it is the most important unsettling problem of physical theory.
We find out the time-dependent approximate solution for arbitrary and the exact
solution. Then we can prove that: (1) In the neighborhood of the conservation
of energy, the series is divergent. The basic error of quantum mechanics is
using the sum of the first finite orders approximate solutions to substitute
the exact solution in this divergent region. It leads to an infinite error. So
the Fermi golden rule is not a mathematically reasonable inference of the.
Schrodinger equation (2) The transiton probability per unit time deduced from
the exact solution of Schrodinger equation cannot describe the transition
processes. This paper is only a prime discussion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168249 </DOCNO>
The asymptotic relative entropy of entanglement


  We present an analytical formula for the asymptotic relative entropy of
entanglement for Werner states of arbitrary dimension. We then demonstrate its
validity using methods from convex optimization. To our knowledge, this is the
first case in which the value of a subadditive entanglement measure has been
obtained in the asymptotic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76738 </DOCNO>
The Sigma Meson and Chiral Transition in Hot and Dense Matter


  It is pointed out that the hadron spectroscopy should be a study of the
structure of the QCD vacuum, low-energy elementary excitations on top of which
are hadrons. Concentrating on the dynamical breaking of the chiral symmetry in
the QCD vacuum, we emphasize the importance to clarify what is going on with
mesons in the $I=J=0$-channel, i.e., the sigma meson channel, because it is
connected to the quantum fluctuations of the chiral order parameter. After
summarizing the significance of the sigma meson in QCD and low-energy hadron
phenomenology, we give a review on some theoretical and experimental effort to
try to reveal the possible restoration of chiral symmetry in hot and dense
nuclear matter including heavy nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97996 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial operad actions on cochains


  A classical E-infinity operad is formed by the bar construction of the
symmetric groups. Such an operad has been introduced by M. Barratt and P.
Eccles in the context of simplicial sets in order to have an analogue of the
Milnor FK-construction for infinite loop spaces. The purpose of this article is
to prove that the associative algebra structure on the normalized cochain
complex of a simplicial set extends to the structure of an algebra over the
Barratt-Eccles operad. We also prove that differential graded algebras over the
Barratt-Eccles operad form a closed model category. Similar results hold for
the normalized Hochschild cochain complex of an associative algebra. More
precisely, the Hochschild cochain complex is acted on by a suboperad of the
Barratt-Eccles operad which is equivalent to the classical little squares
operad.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150083 </DOCNO>
Siegel Gauge in Vacuum String Field Theory


  We study the star algebra of ghost sector in vacuum string field theory
(VSFT). We show that the star product of two states in the Siegel gauge is BRST
exact if we take the BRST charge to be the one found in hep-th/0108150, and the
BRST exact states are nil factors in the star algebra. By introducing a new
star product defined on the states in the Siegel gauge, the equation of motion
of VSFT is characterized as the projection condition with respect to this new
product. We also comment on the comma form of string vertex in the ghost
sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126513 </DOCNO>
On the analysis of 900 optical rotation curves: the universal rotation


  The 900 ORCs of Mathewson, Ford & Buchhorn which were folded by Persic &
Salucci (astro-ph/9502091) are analysed. A technique for removing that part of
an ORC most dominated by the central region it introduced (see astro-ph/0107300
for a far more comprehensive discussion of this).
  The analysis then shows that a power-law model of the form V = A R^b, where
the parameters (A,b) differ between ORCs, provides an extremely good
description of the generic behaviour of ORCs when these central regions are
removed.
  It is shown that a very powerful correlation exists between the free
parameters (A,b), and that parameter A can be very accurately modelled in terms
of the luminosity properties of galaxies.
  The net conclusion is that the power-law model is, at the very least, an
extremely good first-order model for the behaviour of disc dynamics in the
outer regions of ORCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125315 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in Turbulent Molecular Clouds


  Recent progress in the understanding of star formation is summarized. A
consistent picture is emerging where molecular clouds form with turbulent
velocity fields and clumpy substructure, imprinted already during their
formation. The clouds are initially supported by supersonic turbulence which
dissipates however within massive clumps on short timescales, of order their
local dynamical timescales. As a result, the clumps collapse and fragment into
stellar clusters. Subsequent energetic feedback processes by the newly formed
stars will change the thermal and kinematical state of the surrounding
molecular gas, triggering or suppressing star formation and leading eventually
to the disruption of the molecular clouds. More work is required to understand
these processes in greater details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96652 </DOCNO>
Numerical Study of Quantum Resonances in Chaotic Scattering


  This paper presents numerical evidence that for quantum systems with chaotic
classical dynamics, the number of scattering resonances near an energy $E$
scales like $\hbar^{-\frac{D(K_E)+1}{2}}$ as $\hbar\to{0}$. Here, $K_E$ denotes
the subset of the classical energy surface $\{H=E\}$ which stays bounded for
all time under the flow generated by the Hamiltonian $H$ and $D(K_E)$ denotes
its fractal dimension. Since the number of bound states in a quantum system
with $n$ degrees of freedom scales like $\hbar^{-n}$, this suggests that the
quantity $\frac{D(K_E)+1}{2}$ represents the effective number of degrees of
freedom in scattering problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125734 </DOCNO>
Stochastic force in gravitational systems


  In this paper I study the probability distribution of the gravitational force
in gravitational systems through numerical experiments. I show that Kandrup's
(1980) and Antonuccio-Delogu & Atrio-Barandela's (1992) theories describe
correctly the stochastic force probability distribution respectively in
inhomogeneous and clustered systems. I find equations for the probability
distribution of stochastic forces in finite systems, both homogeneous and
clustered, which I use to compare the theoretical predictions with Montecarlo
simulations of spherically symmetric systems. The agreement between theoretical
predictions and simulations proves to be quite satisfactory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72488 </DOCNO>
Deuteron photodisintegration within the Quark-Gluon Strings Model and


  We investigate deuteron two-body photodisintegration within the framework of
the Quark-Gluon Strings Model with nonlinear baryon Regge trajectories. Special
attention is paid to the use of QCD motivated Regge trajectories of the
logarithmic and square-root form which have been suggested recently by
Brisudov\'{a}, Burakovsky and Goldman. We find that the recent experimental
data from TJNAF in the few GeV region can reasonably be described by the model.
Angular distributions at different $\gamma$-energies are presented and the
effect of a forward-backward asymmetry is discussed. Predictions for the energy
dependence of $d\sigma/dt$ at higher energies and different $\Theta_{cm}$ are
presented, too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96799 </DOCNO>
Links with surgery yielding the 3-sphere


  For any n\ge 2, we give infinitely many unsplittable links of n components in
the 3-sphere which admit non-trivial surgery yielding the 3-sphere again and
whose components are mutually distinct hyperbolic knots. Berge and Kawauchi
gave 2-component hyperbolic links with those two properties. We can also give
infinitely many 2-component hyperbolic tunnel number one links with such
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148847 </DOCNO>
GAMMA: A Mathematica package for performing gamma-matrix algebra and


  We have developed a Mathematica package capable of performing gamma-matrix
algebra in arbitrary (integer) dimensions. As an application we can compute
Fierz transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5902 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the 3He mass diffusion coefficient in superfluid 4He over


  We have measured the mass diffusion coefficient D of 3He in superfluid 4He at
temperatures lower than were previously possible. The experimental technique
utilizes scintillation light produced when neutron react with 3He nuclei, and
allows measurement of the 3He density integrated along the trajectory of a
well-defined neutron beam. By measuring the change in 3He density near a heater
as a function of applied heat current, we are able to infer values of D with
20% accuracy. At temperatures below 0.7 K and for concentrations of order
10^{-4} we find D=(2.0+2.4-1.2)T^-(6.5 -/+ 1.2) cm^2/s, in agreement with a
theoretical approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124124 </DOCNO>
A Jet Model With a Hard Electron Distribution for the Afterglow of GRB


  The parameters of the GRB 000301c afterglow are determined within the usual
framework of synchrotron emission from relativistic ejecta, through fits to the
available radio-to-optical data. It is found that 1) the jet energy after the
GRB phase is ~3x10^{50} erg, 2) the initial opening angle of the jet is ~13
deg, 3) the medium that decelerates the afterglow has a density ~25/cm^3, 4)
the power-law distribution of the shock-energized electrons is hard, with an
index around 1.5, and 5) the cooling frequency was located below the optical
domain. Furthermore we find that the collimation of ejecta alone cannot explain
the sharp, large magnitude break observed in the R-band emission of this
afterglow at few days, and that a high energy break in the electron
distribution, corresponding to an electron energy close to equipartition,
together with the lateral spreading of the jet accommodate better this break.
Microlensing by a star in an intervening galaxy produces only a flattening of
the afterglow emission and cannot explain the mild brightening exhibited by the
optical emission of 000301c at ~4 days.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86719 </DOCNO>
Energy associated with a static spherically symmetric nonsingular black


  We evaluate the energy distributions of the Dymnikova space-time using the
Weinberg, Papapetrou, and M{\o}ller energy-momentum complexes. This result
sustain the importance of the energy-momentum complexes in the evaluation of
the energy distribution of a given space-time. To compare the energy
distributions obtained by using several definitions, these results show that
the Einstein, Tolman, and Weinberg energy complexes are the same in
Schwarzschild Cartesian coordinates, but the Papapetrou and the M{\o}ller are
not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2736 </DOCNO>
On the Statistical Analysis of Single Vortex Nucleation Events in


  We investigate the statistical properties of single phase slip events
observed in vortex nucleation experiments in He-4 by the groups in Berkeley and
Paris. From the cumulative distribution function of the events we calculate the
slip rate as a function of flow velocity. The critical velocity is defined as
the mean velocity and its statistical width as the standard deviation. From the
slip rate and from the observed linear temperature dependence of the critical
velocity we obtain the energy barrier for vortex nucleation which is a
quadratic function of the flow velocity. A comparison with the statistical
properties of the laminar to turbulent transition in the flow around an
oscillating sphere shows strikingly different behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3832 </DOCNO>
Dephasing of entangled qubits


  We investigate the influence of nearby two-level systems on the dynamics of a
qubit. The intrinsic decoherence is given by a coupling of both the qubit and
the two-level systems to a heat bath. Assuming weak interactions between the
qubit and the two-level systems we show that the dephasing of the qubit follows
a multi-exponential decay. For a flat distribution of energy splittings of the
two-level systems the multi-exponential behavior simplifies to a good
approximation to a single exponential decay. The rate is given by the sum of
the dephasing rate of the isolated qubit plus all relaxation rates for the
two-level systems out of their present state. This latter contribution sums up
to a rate approximately given by the mean coupling between the qubit and the
two-level systems times the number of thermally active neighbors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149407 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Quantization of Hopf Solitons


  The gauge equivalent formulation of the Faddeev-Skyrme model is used for the
study of the quantum theory. The rotational quantum excitations around the
soliton solution of Hopf number unity are investigated by the method of
collective coordinates. The quantum Hamiltonian of the system is found to
coincide with the Hamiltonian of a symmetrical top rotating in SU(2). Thus, the
irreducible representations of physical observables can be constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87000 </DOCNO>
Space-time defects and teleparallelism


  We consider the class of space-time defects investigated by Puntigam and
Soleng. These defects describe space-time dislocations and disclinations
(cosmic strings), and are in close correspondence to the actual defects that
arise in crystals and metals. It is known that in such materials dislocations
and disclinations require a small and large amount of energy, respectively, to
be created. The present analysis is carried out in the context of the
teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). We evaluate the
gravitational energy of these space-time defects in the framework of the TEGR
and find that there is an analogy between defects in space-time and in
continuum material systems: the total gravitational energy of space-time
dislocations and disclinations (considered as idealized defects) is zero and
infinit, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125112 </DOCNO>
STIS Echelle Observations of the Intrinsic UV Absorption in the Seyfert


  We present observations of the UV absorption lines in the Seyfert 1 galaxy
NGC 3783, obtained with the medium resolution echelle gratings of the Space
Telescope Imaging Spectrograph(STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The
spectra reveal the presence of three kinematic components of absorption in
Ly-alpha, C IV, and N V, at radial velocities of -1365, -548, and -724 km/s
with respect to the systemic velocity of the host galaxy (Components 1, 2 and
3, respectively); Component 1 also shows absorption by Si IV. Component 3 was
not detected in any of the earlier Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS)
spectra, and the C IV absorption in the other components has changed since the
most recent GHRS observation obtained 5 yr earlier. Somewhat unexpectedly, each
component has a covering factor (of the continuum source + broad emission line
region) of about 0.6. We have calculated photoionization models to match the UV
column densities in each of the three components. Based on the model results,
there should be strong absorption in the bandpass of the Far Ultraviolet
Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), 912 - 1200 A, including saturated O VI lines at
each component velocity. The models also predict large O VII and O VIII column
densities but suggest that the UV absorbers cannot account for all of the X-ray
absorption detected in recent Chandra spectra. Finally, there is no evidence
for a correlation between the characteristics of the UV absorbers and the UV
continuum flux, which suggests that the variations observed in the GHRS and
STIS spectra are due in large part to changes in the column densities of the
absorbers as the result of transverse motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168882 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic quantum fluctuations in noise-sustained optical patterns


  We investigate quantum effects in pattern-formation for a degenerate optical
parametric oscillator with walk-off. This device has a convective regime in
which macroscopic patterns are both initiated and sustained by quantum noise.
Familiar methods based linearization about a pseudo-classical field fail in
this regime and new approaches are required. We employ a method in which the
pump field is treated as a $c$-number variable but is driven by the $c$-number
representation of the quantum sub-harmonic signal field. This allows us to
include the effects of the fluctuations in the signal on the pump, which in
turn act back on the signal. We find that the non-classical effects, in the
form of squeezing, survive just above the threshold of the convective regime.
Further above threshold the macroscopic quantum noise suppresses these effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2711 </DOCNO>
Nucleation Induced Undulative Instability in Thin Films of nCB Liquid


  A surface instability is reported in thin nematic films of 5CB and 8CB,
occurring near the nematic--isotropic phase transition.
  Although this instability leads to patterns reminiscent of spinodal
dewetting, we show that it is actually based on a nucleation mechanism. Its
characteristic wavelength does not depend markedly on film thickness, but
strongly on the heating rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95494 </DOCNO>
Properties of Commutative Association Schemes derived by FGLM Techniques


  Association schemes are combinatorial objects that allow us solve problems in
several branches of mathematics. They have been used in the study of
permutation groups and graphs and also in the design of experiments, coding
theory, partition designs etc. In this paper we show some techniques for
computing properties of association schemes. The main framework arises from the
fact that we can characterize completely the Bose-Mesner algebra in terms of a
zero-dimensional ideal. A Gr\"obner basis of this ideal can be easily derived
without the use of Buchberger algorithm in an efficient way. From this
statement, some nice relations arise between the treatment of zero-dimensional
ideals by reordering techniques (FGLM techniques) and some properties of the
schemes such as P-polynomiality, and minimal generators of the algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168121 </DOCNO>
3D input-output relations of quantized light at dispersing and absorbing


  The theory developed by Gruner and Welsch [Phys. Rev. A 54, 1661 (1996)] for
calculating the 1D input-output relations of the quantized electromagnetic
field at dispersing and absorbing dielectric (multilayer) plates is generalized
to the three-dimensional case. First a general recipe for the derivation of the
reflection and transmission coefficients at an arbitrary body that separates
two half spaces from each other is presented. The general theory is then
applied to the case of planar multilayer structures, for which the Green tensor
is well-known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2237 </DOCNO>
Wilson's renormalization group applied to 2D lattice electrons in the


  The weak coupling instabilities of a two dimensional Fermi system are
investigated for the case of a square lattice using a Wilson renormalization
group scheme to one loop order. We focus on a situation where the Fermi surface
passes through two saddle points of the single particle dispersion. In the case
of perfect nesting, the dominant instability is a spin density wave but d-wave
superconductivity as well as charge or spin flux phases are also obtained in
certain regions in the space of coupling parameters. The low energy regime in
the vicinity of these instabilities can be studied analytically. Although
saddle points play a major role (through their large contribution to the single
particle density of states), the presence of low energy excitations along the
Fermi surface rather than at isolated points is crucial and leads to an
asymptotic decoupling of the various instabilities. This suggests a more
mean-field like picture of these instabilities, than the one recently
established by numerical studies using discretized Fermi surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169347 </DOCNO>
How to measure amount of entanglement contained in unknown state


  It is shown that, despite strong nonlinearity, entanglement of formation of
{\it unknown} two-qubit state can be measured without quantum tomography. Using
collective measurements on small number of copies simple protocol is provided
that allows to determine quantum concurrence (and hence entanglement of
formation) {\it via} estimation of only seven paramenters instead of fifteen.
It is pointed out that another entanglement measure based on so called
negativity can also be measured in similar way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125754 </DOCNO>
Panel Discussion on Observing Simulations and Simulating Observations


  N-body simulations of star cluster evolution have reached a high degree of
realism, by incorporating more and more elements of stellar dynamics, stellar
evolution, and hydrodynamics. At the end of this conference, six participants
discussed how to present the increasingly realistic data from star cluster
simulations in a way that is most useful for a direct comparison with
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99257 </DOCNO>
Weight multiplicity free representations, $\frak g$-endomorphism


  $\frak g$-endomorphism algebras form an interesting class of associative
algebras related to the adjoint representation of a semisimple Lie algebra
$\frak g$. These algebras were recently introduced by A.Kirillov, who used the
term `family algebras'. Let $C_\lambda$ denote the $\frak g$-endomorphism
algebra associated with a simple $\frak g$-module $V_\lambda$. Most of our
results concern the case in which $C_\lambda$ is commutative, i.e., $V_\lambda$
is a weight multiplicity free $\frak g$-module. It is proved that $C_\lambda$
is a polynomial algebra if and only if $\lambda$ is minuscule. We also
characterise in general the number of the irreducible components of the
corresponding affine variety. The main result is that the commutative $\frak
g$-endomorphism algebra is always Gorenstein. We explicitly compute the
Poincare series of $C_\lambda$ for any $\lambda$, and show that in the
commutative case the numerator coincides with the polynomial that was
introduced by E.B.Dynkin in 1950. We also discuss a connection between
commutative $\frak g$-endomorphism algebras and equivariant cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5611 </DOCNO>
Propagation inhibition and wave localization in a 2D random liquid


  Acoustic propagation and scattering in water containing many parallel
air-filled cylinders is studied. Two situations are considered and compared:
(1) wave propagating through the array of cylinders, imitating a traditional
experimental setup, and (2) wave transmitted from a source located inside the
ensemble. We show that waves can be blocked from propagation by disorders in
the first scenario, but the inhibition does not necessarily imply wave
localization. Furthermore, the results reveal the phenomenon of wave
localization in a range of frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123829 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations of Low-Mass X-Ray Binaries: Accretion Instabilities


  X-rays trace accretion onto compact objects in binaries with low mass
companions at rates ranging up to near Eddington. Accretion at high rates onto
neutron stars goes through cycles with time-scales of days to months. At lower
average rates the sources are recurrent transients; after months to years of
quiescence, during a few weeks some part of a disk dumps onto the neutron star.
Quasiperiodic oscillations near 1 kHz in the persistent X-ray flux attest to
circular motion close to the surface of the neutron star. The neutron stars are
probably inside their innermost stable circular orbits and the x-ray
oscillations reflect the structure of that region. The long term variations
show us the phenomena for a range of accretion rates. For black hole compact
objects in the binary, the disk flow tends to be in the transient regime.
Again, at high rates of flow from the disk to the black hole there are
quasiperiodic oscillations in the frequency range expected for the innermost
part of an accretion disk. There are differences between the neutron star and
black hole systems, such as two oscillation frequencies versus one. For both
types of compact object there are strong oscillations below 100 Hz.
Interpretations differ on the role of the nature of the compact object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76775 </DOCNO>
The extraction of the axial coupling from finite volume systems: The


  Due to a pion-pole contribution, the nucleon axial current matrix elements
can be visualized in position space as becoming delocalized as the chiral limit
is approached, with one-third of the current at distance of order the inverse
pion mass. However, this delocalization effect will not cause calculations of
the axial coupling in a finite system with standard boundary conditions
(periodic for boson fields, antiperiodic for fermions) to have large finite
volume effects. This is seen by calculating axial coupling using a nonstandard
current with axial quantum numbers. The matrix elements of this new current
lacks a pion pole and is not delocalized; however, its zero-momentum matrix
element is identical to that of the standard axial current both for infinite
and finite volumes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86887 </DOCNO>
Numerical evolutions of nonlinear r-modes in neutron stars


  Nonlinear evolution of the gravitational radiation (GR) driven instability in
the r-modes of neutron stars is studied by full numerical 3D hydrodynamical
simulations. The growth of the r-mode instability is found to be limited by the
formation of shocks and breaking waves when the dimensionless amplitude of the
mode grows to about three in value. This maximum mode amplitude is shown by
numerical tests to be rather insensitive to the strength of the GR driving
force. Upper limits on the strengths of possible nonlinear mode--mode coupling
are inferred. Previously unpublished details of the numerical techniques used
are presented, and the results of numerous calibration runs are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98788 </DOCNO>
On a class of polynomial Lagrangians


  In the framework of finite order variational sequences a new class of
Lagrangians arises, namely, \emph{special} Lagrangians. These Lagrangians are
the horizontalization of forms on a jet space of lower order. We describe their
properties together with properties of related objects, such as
Poincar\'e--Cartan and Euler--Lagrange forms, momenta and momenta of generating
forms, a new geometric object arising in variational sequences. Finally, we
provide a simple but important example of special Lagrangian, namely the
Hilbert--Einstein Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86495 </DOCNO>
Brane localization of gravity in higher derivative theory


  We consider a class of higher order corrections in the form of Euler
densities of arbitrary rank $n$ to the standard gravity action in $D$
dimensions. We have previously shown that this class of corrections allows for
domain wall solutions despite the presence of higher powers of the curvature.
In the present paper we explicitly solve the linearized equation of motion for
gravity fluctuations around the domain wall background and show that there
always exist one massless state (graviton) propagating on the wall and a
continuous tower of massive states propagating in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3726 </DOCNO>
Multipole response of doped $^3$He drops


  The multipole response of $^3$He$_N$ drops doped with very attractive
impurities, such as a Xe atom or an SF$_6$ molecule, has been investigated in
the framework of the Finite Range Density Functional Theory and the Random
Phase Approximation. We show that volume ($L$ = 0) and surface ($L$ = 1, 2)
modes become more fragmented, as compared with the results obtained for pure
$^3$He$_N$ drops. In addition, the dipole mean energy goes smoothly to zero
when $N$ increases, indicating that for large $N$ values these impurities are
delocalized in the bulk of the drop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169012 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Casimir effect without boundary conditions


  The moving-mirror problem is microscopically formulated without invoking the
external boundary conditions. The moving mirrors are described by the quantized
matter field interacting with the photon field, forming dynamical cavity
polaritons: photons in the cavity are dressed by electrons in the moving
mirrors. The effective Hamiltonian for the polariton is derived, and
corrections to the results based on the external boundary conditions are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125871 </DOCNO>
First Results from the XMM-Newton Observation in the Groth-Westphal


  We present the first results of the XMM-Newton observation on the
Groth-Westphal Strip Field. The scheduled exposure time was 70 [ks]. We first
analyzed about 50 [ks] of calibrated and cleaned EPIC-PN data, which were the
only ones we could successfully process with an early version of the SAS
software applicable to these observations. A total of about 110 sources have
been detected in the central 10 arcmin of the PN field of view (FOV). A
cross-correlation with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Medium Deep Survey
(MDS) database shows a range of morphological properties of host galaxies of
the X-ray source. Spectra of hard X-ray sources in our data indeed show
absorption in the range N_H~10^{22}-10^{23} [cm^{-2}] at z~1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74969 </DOCNO>
In-medium \Sigma^0-\Lambda Mixing in QCD Sum Rules


  The \Sigma^0-\Lambda mixing angle in isospin-asymmetric nuclear medium is
investigated by using QCD sum rules. From the general consideration of the
in-medium baryonic correlations, in-medium baryon mixings are shown to have
several Lorentz structures such as the scalar mixing angle \theta^S and the
vector mixing angle \theta^V. This causes a difference between the particle
mixing \theta (= \theta^S + \theta^V) and the anti-particle mixing \bar{\theta}
(= \theta^S - \theta^V). From the finite energy sum rules for the
\Sigma^0-\Lambda mixing, we find that the in-medium part of the mixing angle
has a relation \theta^S_{Med} \simeq - \theta^V_{Med} in the isospin-asymmetric
medium. This implies that the medium affects mainly the anti-particle mixing.
  From the Borel sum rules, we obtain |\bar{\theta} - \theta_0| \simeq 0.39
|(\rho_n - \rho_p)| / \rho_0 with \theta_0, \rho_n, \rho_p and \rho_0 being the
vacuum mixing angle, the neutron density, the proton density and the normal
nuclear matter density respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129628 </DOCNO>
A New Measurement of the X-ray Temperature Function of Clusters of


  We present a newly measured X-ray temperature function of galaxy clusters
using a complete flux-limited sample of 61 clusters. The sample is constructed
with the total survey area of 8.14 steradians and the flux limit of 1.99e-11
ergs/s/cm^2 in the 0.1-2.4keV band. X-ray temperatures and fluxes of the sample
clusters were accurately measured with ASCA and ROSAT data. The derived
temperature function covers an unprecedentedly wide temperature range of
1.4-11keV. By fitting these data with theoretically predicted temperature
functions given by the Press-Schechter formalism together with a recent
formation approximation and the CDM power spectrum, we obtained tight and
individual constraints on Omega_m,0 and sigma_8. We also employed the
Formation-Epoch model in which the distribution in the formation epoch of
clusters as well as the temperature evolution are taken into account, showing
significantly different results. Systematics caused by the uncertainty in the
mass-temperature relation are studied and found to be as large as the
statistical errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81367 </DOCNO>
Chiral Loop Effects in the Quenched Scalar Isovector Propagator


  The scalar isovector meson propagator is studied in quenched QCD. For the
lightest quark masses used, this propagator is dominated by a quenched chiral
loop effect associated with the $\eta'$-$\pi$ two-meson intermediate state.
Both the time dependence and the pion mass dependence of the effect are
well-described by quenched chiral perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1408 </DOCNO>
Non-linear macroscopic polarization in III-V nitride alloys


  We study the dependence of macroscopic polarization on composition and strain
in wurtzite III-V nitride ternary alloys using ab initio density-functional
techniques. The spontaneous polarization is characterized by a large bowing,
strongly dependent on the alloy microscopic structure. The bowing is due to the
different response of the bulk binaries to hydrostatic pressure, and to
internal strain effects (bond alternation). Disorder effects are instead minor.
Deviations from parabolicity (simple bowing) are of order 10 % in the most
extreme case of AlInN alloy, much less at all other compositions. Piezoelectric
polarization is also strongly non-linear. At variance with the spontaneous
component, this behavior is independent of microscopic alloy structure or
disorder effects, and due entirely to the non-linear strain dependence of the
bulk piezoelectric response. It is thus possible to predict the piezoelectric
polarization for any alloy composition using the piezoelectricity of the parent
binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1468 </DOCNO>
Micellisation vs aggregation in dilute solutions of amphiphilic


  In recent experiments involving PNIPAM copolymers it has been observed that
stable spherical nanoparticles are being formed by association of several
chains in poor aqueous solution instead of aggregation. This type of mesoscopic
structures called mesoglobules has an extremely monodispersed size
distribution. Previously we have studied theoretically formation of clusters
consisting of several chains in dilute solutions of amphiphilic heteropolymers.
We have seen that the mesoglobules often possess an essentially micellar
structure. In the current work we argue that formation of mesoglobules is
strongly sequence and concentration dependent. In particular, by means of
lattice Monte Carlo simulation we consider structures formed by a number of
tri-block sequences and their certain mutations. For sequences consisting of
two hydrophilic ends with a hydrophobic middle the size distribution of the
resulting particles is rather narrow, i.e. mesoglobules are being formed.
However, in the case of sequences with two hydrophobic ends and a hydrophilic
middle a new type of structures seems to be prevalent. These consist of small
mesoglobules interconnected by hydrophilic bridges. Clearly, on increasing the
concentration these networked structures would play an important role resulting
in a rapid onset of a gel-like behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6374 </DOCNO>
Correlation functions near Modulated and Rough Surfaces


  In a system with long-ranged correlations, the behavior of correlation
functions is sensitive to the presence of a boundary. We show that surface
deformations strongly modify this behavior as compared to a flat surface. The
modified near surface correlations can be measured by scattering probes. To
determine these correlations, we develop a perturbative calculation in the
deformations in height from a flat surface. Detailed results are given for a
regularly patterned surface, as well as for a self-affinely rough surface with
roughness exponent $\zeta$. By combining this perturbative calculation in
height deformations with the field-theoretic renormalization group approach, we
also estimate the values of critical exponents governing the behavior of the
decay of correlation functions near a self-affinely rough surface. We find that
for the interacting theory, a large enough $\zeta$ can lead to novel surface
critical behavior. We also provide scaling relations between roughness induced
critical exponents for thermodynamic surface quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85766 </DOCNO>
Flat Spacetime Gravitation with a Preferred Foliation


  Paralleling the formal derivation of general relativity as a flat spacetime
theory, we introduce in addition a preferred temporal foliation. The physical
interpretation of the formalism is considered in the context of 5-dimensional
``parametrized'' and 4-dimensional preferred frame contexts. In the former
case, we suggest that our earlier proposal of unconcatenated parametrized
physics requires that the dependence on $\tau$ be rather slow. In the
4-dimensional case, we consider and tentatively reject several areas of physics
that might require a preferred foliation, but find a need for one in the
process (``flowing'') theory of time. We then suggest why such a foliation
might reasonably be unobservable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126492 </DOCNO>
Gas Properties in the Starburst Centers of Barred Galaxies


  The physical properties of molecular gas can be deduced from the analysis of
line intensity ratios, most commonly of the CO isotopomers 12CO and 13CO.
Barred galaxies, especially those with central starbursts, provide an excellent
laboratory to study the changing properties of the gas as it approaches the
center. Four galaxies (UGC2855, UGC2866, NGC7479 and NGC4123) are presented as
examples of the results that can be obtained. Special attention is given to the
case of (abnormally) high 12CO/13CO R_12/13 line ratios (exceeding 20), which
may indicate unusual gas properties. Qualitative scenarios for the structure of
the ISM explaining a range of values of R_12/13 are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148997 </DOCNO>
Identity Projector and D-brane in String Field Theory


  We study the identity projectors of the string field theory in the generic
BCFT background. We explain how it can be identified as the projector in the
linking algebra of the noncommutative geometry. We show that their
(regularized) trace is exactly given by the boundary entropy which is
proportional to the D-brane tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179285 </DOCNO>
From known to undiscovered resonances


  Electromagnetic meson production formalisms are reviewed, with emphasise
placed on their ability in search for new baryon resonances via gamma p -> K+
Lambda and gamma p -> eta p processes. The relevant studies, aiming to deepen
our insights to hadron spectroscopy, constitute strong tests of the QCD
inspired theoretical developements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85667 </DOCNO>
X-fluid and viscous fluid in D-dimensional anisotropic integrable


  D-dimensional cosmological model describing the evolution of a perfect fluid
with negative pressure (x-fluid) and a fluid possessing both shear and bulk
viscosity in n Ricci-flat spaces is investigated. The second equations of state
are chosen in some special form of metric dependence of the shear and bulk
viscosity coefficients. The equations of motion are integrated and the
dynamical properties of the exact solutions are studied. It is shown the
possibility to resolve the cosmic coincidence problem when the x-fluid plays
role of quintessence and the viscous fluid is used as cold dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169176 </DOCNO>
The similarity between the quantum searching and the course of two rigid


  By studying the attribute of the inversion about average operation in quantum
searching algorithm, we find the similarity between the quantum searching and
the course of two rigid bodies'collision. Some related questions are discussed
from this similarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72415 </DOCNO>
Heavy particle electroweak loop effects in extra-dimensional models with


  One way to detect the presence of new particles in theories beyond the
standard model is through their contribution to electroweak loop effects. We
comment on the importance of a consistent inclusion of their mixing angles to
ensure that the physical requirement of heavy particle decoupling is fulfilled.
We illustrate our points by a detailed discussion of the lepton flavor changing
effect mu-e-gamma, investigated recently by Kitano, in the Randall-Sundrum
model. Our remarks are equally applicable to models with large compactified
dimensions where bulk neutrinos are introduced to account for the observed
neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127819 </DOCNO>
Kinematic and morphological modeling of the bipolar nebula Sa2-237


  We present [OIII]500.7nm and Halpha+[NII] images and long-slit, high
resolution echelle spectra in the same spectral regions of Sa2--237, a possible
bipolar planetary nebula. The image shows a bipolar nebula of about 34" extent,
with a narrow waist, and showing strong point symmetry about the central
object, indicating it's likely binary nature. The long slit spectra were taken
over the long axis of the nebula, and show a distinct ``eight'' shaped pattern
in the velocity--space plot, and a maximum projected outflow velocity of
V=106km/s, both typical of expanding bipolar planetary nebulae. By model
fitting the shape and spectrum of the nebula simultaneously, we derive the
inclination of the long axis to be 70 degrees, and the maximum space velocity
of expansion to be 308 km/s. Due to asymmetries in the velocities we adopt a
new value for the system's heliocentric radial velocity of -30km/s. We use the
IRAS and 21cm radio fluxes, the energy distribution, and the projected size of
Sa2-237 to estimate it's distance to be 2.1+-0.37kpc. At this distance Sa2-237
has a luminosity of 340 Lsun, a size of 0.37pc, and -- assuming constant
expansion velocity -- a nebular age of 624 years. The above radial velocity and
distance place Sa2--237 in the disk of the Galaxy at z=255pc, albeit with
somewhat peculiar kinematics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113709 </DOCNO>
Classical teleportation


  The examples of "classical teleportation" are done and discussed. Like
"quantum ones" they are far away from the science-fiction prototype.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 777 </DOCNO>
Renormalization group and nonlinear susceptibilities of cubic


  For the three-dimensional cubic model, the nonlinear susceptibilities of the
fourth, sixth, and eighth orders are analyzed and the parameters \delta^(i)
characterizing their reduced anisotropy are evaluated at the cubic fixed point.
In the course of this study, the renormalized sextic coupling constants
entering the small-field equation of state are calculated in the four-loop
approximation and the universal values of these couplings are estimated by
means of the Pade-Borel-Leroy resummation of the series obtained. The
anisotropy parameters are found to be: \delta^(4) = 0.054 +/- 0.012, \delta^(6)
= 0.102 +/- 0.02, and \delta^(8) = 0.144 +/- 0.04, indicating that the
anisotropic (cubic) critical behavior predicted by the advanced higher-order
renormalization-group analysis should be, in principle, visible in physical and
computer experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126328 </DOCNO>
A close view on the protoplanetary disk in the Bok globule CB26


  We present new sub-arcsecond-resolution near-infrared polarimetric imaging
and millimetre interferometry data on the circumstellar disk system in the Bok
globule CB26. The data imply the presence of a M > 0.01 M_sun edge-on disk of
>400 AU in diameter, being in Keplerian rotation around a young ~0.35 M_sun
star. The mm dust emission from the inner 200 AU is highly optically thick, but
the outer parts are optically thin and made of small dust grains. Planetesimal
growth in the inner disk could neither be comfirmed nor excluded. The outer
optically thin part of the disk is strongly warped. We argue that the CB 26
disk is a very young protoplanetary disk and show that it is comparable to the
early solar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98463 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian submanifolds in Hyperkahler manifolds, Legendre


  We develop the foundation of the complex symplectic geometry of Lagrangian
subvarieties in a hyperkahler manifold. We establish a characterization, a
Chern number inequality, topological and geometrical properties of Lagrangian
submanifolds. We discuss a category of Lagrangian subvarieties and its
relationship with the theory of Lagrangian intersection.
  We also introduce and study extensively a normalized Legendre transformation
of Lagrangian subvarieties under a birational transformation of projective
hyperkahler manifolds. We give a Plucker type formula for Lagrangian
intersections under this transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128913 </DOCNO>
The Las Campanas/AAT Rich Cluster Survey II: The Environmental


  (Abridged) We present a photometric investigation of the variation in galaxy
colour with environment in 11 X-ray luminous clusters at 0.07<z<0.16 taken from
the Las Campanas/AAT Rich Cluster Survey. We study the properties of the galaxy
populations in individual clusters and take advantage of the homogeneity of the
sample to combine the clusters together to investigate weaker trends in the
composite sample. We find that modal colours of galaxies lying on the
colour-magnitude relation in the clusters become bluer by d(B-R)/dr_p=-0.022
\pm 0.004 from the cluster core out to a projected radius of r_p=6 Mpc; further
out in radius than any previous study.....

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4864 </DOCNO>
Photon Localization in Resonant Media


  We report measurements of microwave transmission over the first five Mie
resonances of alumina spheres randomly positioned in a waveguide. Though
precipitous drops in transmission and sharp peaks in the photon transit time
are found near all resonances, measurements of transmission fluctuations show
that localization occurs only in a narrow frequency window above the first
resonance. There the drop in the photon density of states is found to be more
pronounced than the fall in the photon transit time, leading to a minimum in
the Thouless number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95616 </DOCNO>
Isometric shifts and metric spaces


  Let M be a complete metric space. It is proved that if the space or
scalar-valued bounded continuous functions on M admits an isometric shift, then
M is separable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114209 </DOCNO>
Hamming distance geometry of a protein conformational space. Application


  Protein structures can be encoded into binary sequences, these are used to
define a Hamming distance in conformational space: the distance between two
different molecular conformations is the number of different bits in their
sequences. Each bit in the sequence arises from a partition of conformational
space in two halves. Thus, the information encoded in the binary sequences is
also used to characterize the regions of conformational space visited by the
system. We apply this distance and their associated geometric structures, to
the clustering and analysis of conformations sampled during a 4 ns molecular
dynamics simulation of the HIV-1 integrase catalytic core. The cluster analysis
of the simulation shows a division of the trajectory into two segments of 2.6
and 1.4 ns length, which are qualitatively different: the data points to the
fact that equilibration is only reached at the end of the first segment. Some
length of the paper is devoted to compare the Hamming distance to the r.m.s.
deviation measure. The analysis of the cases studied so far, shows that under
the same conditions the two measures behave quite differently, and that the
Hamming distance appears to be more robust than the r.m.s. deviation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2539 </DOCNO>
Specific heat study of single crystalline Pr$_{0.63}$ Ca$_{0.37}$


  We present the results of a study of specific heat on a single crystal of
Pr$_{0.63}$Ca$_{0.37}$MnO$_3$ performed over a temperature range 3K-300K in
presence of 0 and 8T magnetic fields. An estimate of the entropy and latent
heat in a magnetic field at the first order charge ordering (CO) transition is
presented. The total entropy change at the CO transition which is $\approx$ 1.8
J/mol K at 0T, decreases to $\sim$ 1.5 J/mol K in presence of 8T magnetic
field. Our measurements enable us to estimate the latent heat $L_{CO}$
$\approx$ 235 J/mol involved in the CO transition. Since the entropy of the
ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) state is comparable to that of the charge-ordered
insulating (COI) state, a subtle change in entropy stabilises either of these
two states. Our low temperature specific heat measurements reveal that the
linear term is absent in 0T and surprisingly not seen even in the metallic FMM
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125768 </DOCNO>
Spatiotemporal fragmentation and the uncertainties in the solar rotation


  Analyses of recent helioseismic data indicate that the dynamical regimes at
the base of the convection zone can be different from those observed at the
top, having either significantly shorter periods or non--periodic behaviour.
  Recently spatiotemporal fragmentation/bifurcation has been proposed as a
dynamical mechanism to account for the multi-mode behaviour that is possibly
observed in the solar convection zone, without requiring separate physical
mechanisms with different time scales at different depths.
  Here we study the robustness of this mechanism with respect to changes to the
zero order rotation profile, motivated by the uncertainties of and differences
between the various reductions of the helioseimic data. We find that
spatiotemporal fragmentation is a common feature of the reductions investigated

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83584 </DOCNO>
Construction of an algorithm in parallel for the Fast Fourier Transform


  It has been designed,built and executed a code for the Fast Fourier Transform
(FFT),compiled and executed in a cluster of 2^n computers under the operating
system MacOS and using the routines MacMPI. As practical application,the code
has been used to obtain the transformed from an astronomic imagen,to execute a
filter on its and with a transformed inverse to recover the image with the
variates given by the filter.The computers arrangement are installed in the
Observatorio Astronomico National in Colombia under the name OAN Cluster and in
this has been executed several applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41769 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Decays of Charm


  Recent hadronic charm decay results from fixed-target experiments are
presented. New measurements of the D0 to K-K+K-pi+ branching ratio are shown as
are recent results from Dalitz plot fits to D+ to K-K+pi+, pi+pi-pi+, K-pi+pi+,
K+pi-pi+ and D_s+ to pi+pi-pi+, K+pi-pi+. These fits include measurements of
the masses and widths of several light resonances as well as strong evidence
for the existence of two light scalar particles, the pipi resonance sigma and
the Kpi resonance kappa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74002 </DOCNO>
How Finely Tuned is Supersymmetric Dark Matter?


  We introduce a quantification of the question in the title: the logarithmic
sensitivity of the relic neutralino density Omega-hsquared to variations in
input parameters such as the supersymmetric mass scales m_0, m_1/2 and A_0, tan
beta and the top and bottom quark masses. In generic domains of the CMSSM
parameter space with a relic density in the preferred range 0.1 <
Omega-hsquared < 0.3, the sensitivities to all these parameters are moderate,
so an interesting amount of supersymetric dark matter is a natural and robust
prediction. Within these domains, the accuracy in measuring the CMSSM and other
input parameters at the LHC may enable the relic density to be predicted quite
precisely. However, in the coannihilation regions, this might require more
information on the supersymetric spectrum than the LHC is able to provide.
There are also exceptional domains, such as those where direct-channel pole
annihilation dominates, and in the `focus-point' region, where the logarithmic
sensitivity to the input parameters is greatly increased, and it would be more
difficult to predict Omega-hsquared accurately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41815 </DOCNO>
New Results From BABAR


  The BABAR experiment at the PEP-II asymmetric B factory at SLAC has collected
a large sample of data at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance. I will summarize
BABAR's new results on CP violation, B mixing and lifetimes, and a selection of
rare B decays. In particular, I will describe in detail the measurement of the
CP violating parameter $\sin{2\beta}$; BABAR has observed CP violation in the
neutral B system finding $\sin{2\beta} = 0.59 \pm 0.14 \pm 0.05$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86737 </DOCNO>
A Primer to Slow Light


  Laboratory-based optical analogs of astronomical objects such as black holes
rely on the creation of light with an extremely low or even vanishing group
velocity (slow light). These brief notes represent a pedagogical attempt
towards elucidating this extraordinary form of light. This paper is a
contribution to the book Artificial Black Holes edited by Mario Novello, Matt
Visser and Grigori Volovik. The paper is intended as a primer, an introduction
to the subject for non-experts, not as a detailed literature review.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75071 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical suppression of black hole production in particle


  It is argued that the cross section for production of large black holes, for
which a semiclassical description is applicable, cannot be given by the
geometric area of the black hole horizon, as claimed recently in the
literature. Rather the production cross section in a few-particle collision is
suppressed by at least a factor exp(-I_E) with I_E being the Gibbons-Hawking
(Euclidean) action for the black hole. Thus only essentially non-classical
small black holes with mass of the order of the Planck mass can possibly be
produced in few-particle collisions at trans-Planckian energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150202 </DOCNO>
Open Superstring on Symmetric Product


  The string theory on symmetric product describes the second-quantized string
theory. The development for the bosonic open string was discussed in the
previous work. In this paper, we consider the open superstring theory on the
symmetric product and examine the nature of the second quantization. The
fermionic partition functions are obtained from the consistent fermionic
extension of the twisted boundary conditions for the non-abelian orbifold, and
they can be interpreted in terms of the long string language naturally. In the
closed string sector, the boundary/cross-cap states are also constructed. These
boundary states are classified into three types in terms of the long string
language, and explain the change of the topology of the world-sheet. To obtain
the anomaly-free theory, the dilaton tadpole must be cancelled. This condition
gives SO(32) Chan-Paton group as ordinary superstring theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1751 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Dynamics of the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation. I.


  We present a detailed analytical and numerical study of nonequilibrium
dynamics for the complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL) equation. In particular, we
characterize evolution morphologies using spiral defects. This paper (referred
to as $\rm I$) is the first in a two-stage exposition. Here, we present
analytical results for the correlation function arising from a single-spiral
morphology. We also critically examine the utility of the Gaussian auxiliary
field (GAF) ansatz in characterizing a multi-spiral morphology. In the next
paper of this exposition (referred to as $\rm II$), we will present detailed
numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5766 </DOCNO>
Electronic density of states derived from thermodynamic critical field


  Thermodynamic critical field curves have been measured for
$La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4+\delta}$ over the full range of carrier concentrations
where superconductivity occurs in order to determine changes in the normal
state density of states with carrier concentration. There is a substantial
window in the $H-T$ plane where the measurements are possible because the
samples are both thermodynamically reversible and the temperature is low enough
that vortex fluctuations are not important. In this window, the data fit
Hao-Clem rather well, so this model is used to determine $H_c$ and $\kappa_c$
for each temperature and carrier concentration. Using N(0) and the ratio of the
energy gap to transition temperature, $\Delta (0)/k_BT_c$, as fitting
parameters, the $H_c vs T$ curves give $\Delta (0)/k_BT_c \sim 2.0$ over the
whole range of $x$. Values of N(0) remain rather constant in the optimum-doped
and overdoped regime, but drops quickly toward zero in the underdoped regime. .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75495 </DOCNO>
The Inverse Amplitude Method in $\pi\pi$ Scattering in Chiral


  The inverse amplitude method is used to unitarize the two loop $\pi\pi$
scattering amplitudes of SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory in the $I=0,J=0$,
$I=1,J=1$ and $I=2,J=0$ channels. An error analysis in terms of the low energy
one-loop parameters $\bar l_{1,2,3,4,}$ and existing experimental data is
undertaken. A comparison to standard resonance saturation values for the two
loop coefficients $\bar b_{1,2,3,4,5,6} $ is also carried out. Crossing
violations are quantified and the convergence of the expansion is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75305 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Masses and $\mu \to e \gamma$ in the Generic Supersymmetric


  We summarized our report on neutrino masses and $\mu \to e \gamma$ in the
generic supersymmetric standard model, emphasizing on the much overlooked
scalar masses contributions from R-parity violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149166 </DOCNO>
Hopf reductions, fluxes and branes


  We use a series of reductions, T-dualities and liftings to construct
connections between fractional brane solutions in IIA, IIB and M-theory. We
find a number of phantom branes that are not supported by the geometry, however
materialize upon untwisting and/or Hopf-reduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124014 </DOCNO>
The composition of circumstellar gas and dust in 51 Oph


  We analyze ISO archive data of the nearby bright emission-line star 51 Oph,
previously classified as a proto-planetary system similar to beta Pic. The
infrared spectrum reveals the presence of gas-phase emission bands of hot
(approx 850 K) CO, CO_2, H_2O and NO. In addition to this, partially
crystalline silicate dust is present. The solid-state bands and the energy
distribution are indicative of dust that has formed recently, rather than of
debris dust. The presence of hot molecular gas and the composition of the
circumstellar dust are highly unusual for a young star and are reminiscent of
what is found around evolved (AGB) stars, although we exclude the possibility
of 51 Oph belonging to this group. We suggest several explanations for the
nature of 51 Oph, including a recent episode of mass loss from a Be star, and
the recent destruction of a planet-sized body around a young star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123782 </DOCNO>
Chandra Reveals the X-ray Glint in the Cat's Eye


  We have obtained Chandra ACIS-S observations of NGC 6543, the Cat's Eye
Nebula. The X-ray emission from NGC 6543 is clearly resolved into a point
source at the central star and diffuse emission confined within the central
elliptical shell and two extensions along the major axis. Spectral analysis of
the diffuse component shows that the abundances of the X-ray-emitting gas are
similar to those of the fast (1,750 km/s) stellar wind but not those of the
nebula. Furthermore, the temperature of this gas is ~1.7 million K, which is
100 times lower than the expected post-shock temperature of the fast stellar
wind. The combination of low temperature and wind abundances is puzzling. The
thermal pressure of this hot gas is about twice the pressure in the cool
nebular shell; thus, the hot gas plays an essential role in the ongoing
evolution of the nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75117 </DOCNO>
Doublet-Triplet Splitting and Fat Branes


  We consider the doublet-triplet splitting problem in supersymmetric SU(5)
grand unified theory in five dimensions where the fifth dimension is
non-compact. We point out that an unnatural fine-tuning of parameters in order
to obtain the light Higgs doublets is not required due to the exponential
suppression of the overlap of the wave functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3201 </DOCNO>
Orthogonality Catastrophe in Parametric Random Matrices


  We study the orthogonality catastrophe due to a parametric change of the
single-particle (mean field) Hamiltonian of an ergodic system. The Hamiltonian
is modeled by a suitable random matrix ensemble. We show that the overlap
between the original and the parametrically modified many-body ground states,
$S$, taken as Slater determinants, decreases like $n^{-k x^2}$, where $n$ is
the number of electrons in the systems, $k$ is a numerical constant of the
order of one, and $x$ is the deformation measured in units of the typical
distance between anticrossings. We show that the statistical fluctuations of
$S$ are largely due to properties of the levels near the Fermi energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113840 </DOCNO>
Four-dimensional Matter


  Four-dimensional mass is determined in four-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean
space as a physical invariant of that space. That invariant is discussed as an
invariant of electromagnetic type. Finally, equations of Maxwell type are
obtained for mass fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74973 </DOCNO>
Expected Signals in Relic Neutrino Detectors


  Here we estimate the magnitude of the signals expected for realistic cosmic
neutrino backgrounds in detectors attempting to measure the mechanical forces
exerted on macroscopic targets by the elastic scattering of relic neutrinos. We
study effects proportional to the weak coupling constant $G_F$ and to $G_F^2$
for Dirac and Majorana neutrinos, either relativistic or non-relativistic, both
gravitationally bound or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168417 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity optimization in quantum parameter estimation


  We present a general framework for sensitivity optimization in quantum
parameter estimation schemes based on continuous (indirect) observation of a
dynamical system. As an illustrative example, we analyze the canonical scenario
of monitoring the position of a free mass or harmonic oscillator to detect weak
classical forces. We show that our framework allows the consideration of
sensitivity scheduling as well as estimation strategies for non-stationary
signals, leading us to propose corresponding generalizations of the Standard
Quantum Limit for force detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3104 </DOCNO>
An elastoplastic theory of dislocations as a physical field theory with


  We consider a static theory of dislocations with moment stress in an
anisotropic or isotropic elastoplastical material as a T(3)-gauge theory. We
obtain Yang-Mills type field equations which express the force and the moment
equilibrium. Additionally, we discuss several constitutive laws between the
dislocation density and the moment stress. For a straight screw dislocation, we
find the stress field which is modified near the dislocation core due to the
appearance of moment stress. For the first time, we calculate the localized
moment stress, the Nye tensor, the elastoplastic energy and the modified
Peach-Koehler force of a screw dislocation in this framework. Moreover, we
discuss the straightforward analogy between a screw dislocation and a magnetic
vortex. The dislocation theory in solids is also considered as a
three-dimensional effective theory of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5445 </DOCNO>
Many-polaron states in the Holstein-Hubbard model


  A variational approach is proposed to determine some properties of the
adiabatic Holstein-Hubbard model which describes the interactions between a
static atomic lattice and an assembly of fermionic charge carriers. The sum of
the electronic energy and the lattice elastic energy is proved to have minima
with a polaron structure in a certain domain of the phase diagram. Our
analytical work consists in the expansion of these energy minima from the zero
electronic transfer limit which remarkably holds for a finite amplitude of the
onsite Hubbard repulsion and for an unbounded lattice size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6373 </DOCNO>
Anomalous transverse acoustic phonon broadening in the relaxor


  The intrinsic linewidth $\Gamma_{TA}$ of the transverse acoustic (TA) phonon
observed in the relaxor ferroelectric compound
Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3})_{0.8}$Ti$_{0.2}$O$_3$ (PMN-20%PT) begins to broaden
with decreasing temperature around 650 K, nearly 300 K above the ferroelectric
transition temperature $T_c$ ($\sim 360$ K). We speculate that this anomalous
behavior is directly related to the condensation of polarized, nanometer-sized,
regions at the Burns temperature $T_d$. We also observe the ``waterfall''
anomaly previously seen in pure PMN, in which the transverse optic (TO) branch
appears to drop precipitously into the TA branch at a finite momentum transfer
$q_{wf} \sim 0.15$ \AA$^{-1}$. The waterfall feature is seen even at
temperatures above $T_d$. This latter result suggests that the PNR exist as
dynamic entities above $T_d$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5891 </DOCNO>
Molecular Weight Dependence of Polymersome Membrane Elasticity and


  Vesicles prepared in water from a series of diblock copolymers and termed
"polymersomes" are physically characterized. With increasing molecular weight
$\bar{M}_n$, the hydrophobic core thickness $d$ for the self-assembled bilayers
of polyethyleneoxide - polybutadiene (PEO-PBD) increases up to 20 $nm$ -
considerably greater than any previously studied lipid system. The mechanical
responses of these membranes, specifically, the area elastic modulus $K_a$ and
maximal areal strain $\alpha_c$ are measured by micromanipulation. As expected
for interface-dominated elasticity, $K_a$ ($\simeq$ 100 $pN/nm$) is found to be
independent of $\bar{M}_n$. Related mean-field ideas also predict a limiting
value for $\alpha_c$ which is universal and about 10-fold above that typical of
lipids. Experiments indeed show $\alpha_c$ generally increases with
$\bar{M}_n$, coming close to the theoretical limit before stress relaxation is
opposed by what might be chain entanglements at the highest $\bar{M}_n$. The
results highlight the interfacial limits of self-assemblies at the nano-scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77112 </DOCNO>
Gluon Chain Model of the Confining Force


  We develop a picture of the QCD string as a chain of constituent gluons,
bound by attractive nearest-neighbor forces which may be treated
perturbatively. This picture accounts for both Casimir scaling at large N, and
the asymptotic center dependence of the static quark potential. We discuss the
relevance, to the gluon-chain picture, of recent three-loop results for the
static quark potential. A variational framework is presented for computing the
minimal energy and wavefunction of a long gluon chain, which enables us to
derive both the logarithmic broadening of the QCD flux tube (``roughening''),
and the existence of a Luscher -c/R term in the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6372 </DOCNO>
The impact of aggregation morphology on prion disease incubation times


  We examine the laboratory and epidemiological data for incubation times in
infectious prion diseases in terms of a model where slow growth of misfolded
protein-aggregates from small initial seeds controls the `latent' or `lag'
phase, whereas aggregate-fissioning and subsequent spreading leads to an
exponential growth or doubling phase. The progress of both phases is very
sensitive to aggregate morphology in the `lag' period; based upon our
simulations we argue that existing laboratory and epidemiological data are best
described by initial accumulation into two-dimensional compact aggregates.
Broad incubation time distributions arise for low infectious dose (relevant to
food based infection as in vCJD), while our calculated distributions narrow to
sharply defined onset times with increased dose. We apply our distributions to
epidemiological vCJD data and extract estimates of incubation times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5132 </DOCNO>
The spin statistics theorem -- did Pauli get it right?


  In this article, we begin with a review of Pauli's version of the
spin-statistics theorem and then show, by re-defining the parameter associated
with the Lie-Algebra structure of angular momentum, that another interpretation
of the theorem may be given. It will be found that the vanishing commutator and
anticommutator relationships can be associated with independent and dependent
probability events respectively, and not spin value. Consequently, it gives a
more intuitive understanding of quantum field theory and it also suggests that
the distinction between timelike and spacelike events might be better described
in terms of local and non-local events. Pacs: 3.65, 5.30, 3.70.+k

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113798 </DOCNO>
Classical electrodynamics with vacuum polarization: electron self-energy


  The region very close to an electron ($r << r_0 = e^2/mc^2 \approx 2.8\times
10^{-13}$ cm) is, according to quantum electrodynamics, a seething maelstrom of
virtual electron-positron pairs flashing in and out of existence. To take
account of this well-established physical reality, a phenomenological
representation for vacuum polarization is introduced into the framework of
classical electrodynamics. Such a model enables a consistent picture of
classical point charges with finite electromagnetic self-energy. It is further
conjectured that the reaction of a point charge to its own electromagnetic
field is tantamount to interaction with its vacuum polarization charge or
"aura". This leads to a modification of the Lorentz-Dirac equation for the
force on an accelerating electron, a new differential-difference equation which
avoids the pathologies of preacceleration and runaway solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128481 </DOCNO>
The cataclysmic variable CW 1045+525: a secondary-dominated dwarf nova?


  We present spectroscopic and photometric observations of the cataclysmic
variable CW 1045+525. Both the optical spectrum and the photometric lightcurve
show a strong contribution of a K5V - M0V secondary. We derive an orbital
period P_orb = 0.271278(1) d by measuring the radial velocities of the
absorption lines of the secondary. The period and spectral type of the
secondary suggest a distance of 350 - 700 pc. There is evidence for additional
sources of line- and continuum emission, but no direct evidence of an accretion
disc. We discuss several scenarios for the nature of CW 1045+525 on the basis
of our results, finding a dwarf nova classification the most probable, although
not completely satisfying, explanation for the observed characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73574 </DOCNO>
Photon production by a quark gluon plasma


  In this talk, I review the status of the calculation of the photon production
rate in a hot quark-gluon plasma. Particular emphasis is given to the
discussion of the various length scales of the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125256 </DOCNO>
The Farthest Known Supernova: Support for an Accelerating Universe and a


  We present photometric observations of an apparent Type Ia supernova (SN Ia)
at a redshift of ~1.7, the farthest SN observed to date. SN 1997ff, was
discovered in a repeat observation by the HST of the HDF-), and serendipitously
monitored with NICMOS on HST throughout the GTO campaign. The SN type can be
determined from the host galaxy type:an evolved, red elliptical lacking enough
recent star formation to provide a significant population of core-collapse SNe.
The class- ification is further supported by diagnostics available from the
observed colors and temporal behavior of the SN, both of which match a typical
SN Ia. The photo- metric record of the SN includes a dozen flux measurements in
the I, J, and H bands spanning 35 days in the observed frame. The redshift
derived from the SN photometry, z=1.7+/-0.1, is in excellent agreement with the
redshift estimate of z=1.65+/-0.15 derived from the
U_300,B_450,V_606,I_814,J_110,J_125,H_160, H_165,K_s photometry of the galaxy.
Optical and near-infrared spectra of the host provide a very tentative
spectroscopic redshift of 1.755. Fits to observations of the SN provide
constraints for the redshift-distance relation of SNe~Ia and a powerful test of
the current accelerating Universe hypothesis. The apparent SN brightness is
consistent with that expected in the decelerating phase of the preferred
cosmological model, Omega_M~1/3, Omega_Lambda~2/3. It is inconsistent with grey
dust or simple luminosity evolution, candidate astro- physical effects which
could mimic past evidence for an accelerating Universe from SNe Ia at z~0.5.We
consider several sources of possible systematic error including lensing, SN
misclassification, selection bias, and calibration errors. Currently, none of
these effects appears likely to challenge our conclusions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72505 </DOCNO>
(1/2,1/2) Representation space: An ab initio construct


  A careful ab initio construction of the finite-mass (1/2,1/2) representation
space of the Lorentz group reveals it to be a spin-parity multiplet. In
general, it does not lend itself to a single-spin interpretation. We find that
the (1/2,1/2) representation space for massive particles naturally bifurcates
into a triplet and a singlet of opposite relative intrinsic parties. The
text-book separation into spin one and spin zero states occurs only for certain
limited kinematical settings. We construct a wave equation for the (1/2,1/2)
multiplet, and show that the particles and antiparticles in this representation
space do not carry a definite spin but only a definite relative intrinsic
parity. In general, both spin one and spin zero are covariantly inseparable
inhabitants of massive vector fields. This last observation suggests that
scalar particles, such as the Higgs, are natural inhabitants of massive
(1/2,1/2) representation space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127399 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Hadron Separation using \v{C}erenkov Photon Density Fluctuations


  In atmospheric \v{C}erenkov technique $\gamma-$rays are detected against
abundant background produced by hadronic showers. In order to improve signal to
noise ratio of the experiment, it is necessary to reject a significant fraction
of hadronic showers. The temporal and spectral differences, the lateral
distributions and density fluctuations of \v{C}erenkov photons generated by
$\gamma-$ray and hadron primaries are often used for this purpose. Here we
study the differences in \v{C}erenkov photon density fluctuations at the
observation level based on Monte Carlo simulations. Various types of density
fluctuations like the short range (or local), medium range fluctuations and
flatness parameter are studied. The estimated quality factors reflect the
efficiencies with which the hadrons can be rejected from the data. It has been
found that we can reject around 80% of proton showers while retaining about 70%
of $\gamma-$ray showers in the data, based only on the differences in the
flatness parameter. Density fluctuations particularly suited for wavefront
sampling observations seem to be a good technique to improve the signal to
noise ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3072 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of the structural parameters of the non-oxide


  We report the structural parameters of superconducting MgCxNi3 (x=0.96,
TC=7.3 K) as a function of temperature, from 2 K to 295 K, determined by
neutron powder diffraction profile refinement. The compound has the perovskite
structure over the whole temperature range, with symmetry Pm3m and a=3.81221(5)
A at 295 K: no structural or long range magnetic ordering transitions were
observed. The lattice parameter a and the Debye-Waller factors for the
individual atoms decrease smoothly with decreasing temperature. There are no
unusual changes of the structural parameters near TC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128259 </DOCNO>
Detection of variable circular polarization in the SW Sex star V795


  We report the detection of modulated circular polarization in V795 Her. The
degree of polarization increases with wavelength and is modulated with a period
of 19.54 min, which is very close to the reported optical QPO period. The
modulation has a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.12% in the U-band. The estimated
magnetic field intensity is in the range 2-7 MG.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1132 </DOCNO>
Two-Band-Type Superconducting Instability in MgB2


  Using the tight-binding method for the $\pi$-bands in MgB$_2$, the Hubbard
on-site Coulomb interaction on two inequivalent boron $p_z$-orbitals is
transformed into expressions in terms of $\pi$-band operators. For scattering
processes relevant to the problemin which a wave vector {\bf q} is parallel to
$\hat{z}$, it is found to take a relatively simple form consisting of
intra-band Coulomb scattering, interband pair scattering etc. with large
constant coupling constants. This allows to get a simple expression for the
amplitude of interband pair scattering between two $\pi$-bands, which diverges
if the interband polarization function in it becomes large enough.The latter
was approximately evaluated and found to be largely enhanced in the band
structure in MgB$_2$. These results lead to a divergent interband pair
scattering, meaning two-band-type superconducting instability with enhanced
$T_c$. Adding a subsidiary BCS attractive interaction in each band into
consideration, a semi-quantitative gap equation is given, and $T_c$ and isotope
exponent $\alpha$ are derived. The present instability is asserted to be the
origin of high $T_c$ in MgB$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2902 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Models for Long Ranged Volatility Correlations


  We propose a general interpretation for long-range correlation effects in the
activity and volatility of financial markets. This interpretation is based on
the fact that the choice between `active' and `inactive' strategies is
subordinated to random-walk like processes. We numerically demonstrate our
scenario in the framework of simplified market models, such as the Minority
Game model with an inactive strategy, or a more sophisticated version that
includes some price dynamics. We show that real market data can be surprisingly
well accounted for by these simple models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123998 </DOCNO>
Ground-based exoplanet near-infrared search by imaging and spectroscopy:


  We report first results from our ground-based infrared imaging search for
sub-stellar companions (brown dwarfs and giant planets) of young (up to 100
Myrs) nearby (up to 100 pc) stars, where companions should be well separated
from the central stars and still relatively bright due to ongoing accretion
and/or contraction. Our observations are performed mainly with SOFI and SHARP
at the ESO 3.5m NTT on La Silla (imaging) and with ISAAC at the ESO 8.2m Antu
(VLT-UT1) on Cerro Paranal (imaging and spectroscopy), all in the H- and
K-bands. Here, we present new companion candidates around three T Tauri stars
(TWA-8 A, RXJ1121.1-3845, and RXJ1121.3-3447 N) in the TW Hya group, which
would have been sub-stellar if at the same distance and age as the T Tauri
stars, but are found to be background stars by spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179558 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the number of partitions with constraints on the fragment


  This article introduces recursive relations allowing the calculation of the
number of partitions with constraints on the minimum and/or on the maximum
fragment size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123363 </DOCNO>
Near-Infrared Light Curves of the Black Hole Binary A0620-00


  We measured the near-infrared orbital light curve of the black hole binary
A0620-00 in 1995 and 1996. The light curves show an asymmetric, double-humped
modulation with extra emission in the peak at orbital phase 0.75. There were no
significant changes in the shape of the light curve over the one-year
observation period. There were no sharp dips in the light curves nor reversals
of the asymmetry between the two peaks as seen in earlier observations. The
light curves are well fit by models incorporating ellipsoidal variations from
the mass-losing K-type star plus a beamed bright spot on the accretion disk
around the compact star. The long-term stability of the light curve shape rules
out superhumps and star spots as sources of asymmetry when we observed
A0620-00. The ellipsoidal variations yield a lower limit i >= 38 deg on the
orbital inclination. The light curves show no eclipse features, which places an
upper limit i <= 75 deg. This range of inclinations constrains the mass of the
compact object to 3.3 < M_1 < 13.6 Msun. The light curves do not further
constrain the orbital inclination because the contribution of the accretion
disk to the observed flux is unknown. We argue that a previous attempt to
measure the near-infrared flux from the accretion disk using the dilution of
the 12CO(2,0) bandhead in the spectrum of the K star is not reliable because
the band strength depends strongly on surface gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5082 </DOCNO>
Extended dynamical range as a collective property of excitable cells


  Receptor cells with electrically coupled axons can improve both their input
sensitivity and dynamical range due to collective non-linear wave properties.
This mechanism is illustrated by a network of axons modeled by excitable maps
subjected to a Poison signal process with rate r. We find that, in a network of
N cells, the amplification factor A (number of cells excited by a single signal
event) decreases smoothly from A= O(N) to A=1 as r increases, preventing
saturation in a self-organized way and leading to a Weber-Fechner law behavior.
This self-limited amplification mechanism is generic for excitable media and
could be implemented in other biological contexts and artificial sensor
devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 790 </DOCNO>
Effects of the Van Hove singularities on magnetism and superconductivity


  The t-t' Hubbard model for the Fermi level near the Van Hove singularity is
considered within the renormalization group and parquet approaches. The
interplay of ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and superconducting channels is
investigated, and the phase diagram of the model is constructed. In comparison
with previous approaches, the account of ferromagnetic fluctuations suppresses
superconducting pairing and, vice versa, the influence of the Cooper channel
decreases the Curie temperature, so that the Stoner criterion is inapplicable
even qualitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98440 </DOCNO>
The generalized Borwein conjecture. II. Refined q-trinomial coefficients


  Transformation formulas for four-parameter refinements of the q-trinomial
coefficients are proven. The iterative nature of these transformations allows
for the easy derivation of several infinite series of q-trinomial identities,
and can be applied to prove many instances of Bressoud's generalized Borwein
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168279 </DOCNO>
Spatial evolution of short pulses under coherent population trapping


  Spatial and temporal evolution is studied of two powerful short laser pulses
having different wavelengths and interacting with a dense three-level
Lambda-type optical medium under coherent population trapping. A general case
of unequal oscillator strengths of the transitions is considered. Durations of
the probe pulse and the coupling pulse $T_{1,2}$ ($T_2>T_1$) are assumed to be
shorter than any of the relevant atomic relaxation times. We propose analytical
and numerical solutions of a self-consistent set of coupled Schr\"{o}dinger
equations and reduced wave equations in the adiabatic limit with the account of
the first non-adiabatic correction. The adiabaticity criterion is also
discussed with the account of the pulse propagation. The dynamics of
propagation is found to be strongly dependent on the ratio of the transition
oscillator strengths. It is shown that envelopes of the pulses slightly change
throughout the medium length at the initial stage of propagation. This distance
can be large compared to the one-photon resonant absorption length. Eventually,
the probe pulse is completely reemitted into the coupling pulse during
propagation. The effect of localization of the atomic coherence has been
observed similar to the one predicted by Fleischhauer and Lukin (PRL, {\bf 84},
5094 (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113557 </DOCNO>
Cauchy stress in mass distributions


  The thermodynamic definition of pressure P = dU/dV is one form of the
principle that in a given state, the mass in V and potential are proportional.
Subject of this communication is the significance of this principle for the
understanding of Cauchy stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128487 </DOCNO>
Sachs-Wolfe effect in some anisotropic models


  In this work it is shown that there are some spatially homogeneous but
anisotropic models (Kantowski-Sachs and Bianchi type-III), with a positive
cosmological constant, for which the inhomogeneities in the distribution of
matter on the surface of the last scattering produce anisotropies (in large
angular scales $\vartheta \gtrsim 10^\circ$) that do not differ from the ones
produced in Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) models, if the
density parameters are finely tuned. Namely, for adiabatic initial conditions,
the Sachs-Wolfe effect in these anisotropic models is equal to the one obtained
for isotropic models: ${\delta T \over T}={1 \over 3}\Psi_e+ 2 \int
\limits_e^r{\partial \Psi \over \partial \eta}dw.$ This result confirms the
idea developed in previous works that with the present cosmological tests we
cannot distinguish these anisotropic models from the FLRW models, if the Hubble
parameters along the orthogonal directions are assumed to be approximately
equal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74686 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric theories with compact extra dimensions in N=1 superfields


  We present an N=1 superfield formulation of supersymmetric gauge theories
with a compact extra dimension. The formulation incorporates the radion
superfield and allows to write supersymmetric theories on warped gravitational
backgrounds. We apply it to study the breaking of supersymmetry by the F-term
of the radion, and show that, for flat extra dimensions, this leads to the same
mass spectrum as in Scherk-Schwarz models of supersymmetry breaking. We also
consider scenarios where supersymmetry is broken on a boundary of a warped
extra dimension and compare them with anomaly mediated models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1712 </DOCNO>
Prospect of creating a composite fermi/bose superfluid


  We show that composite fermi/bose superfluids can be created in cold-atom
traps by employing a Feshbach resonance or coherent photoassociation. The
bosonic molecular condensate created in this way implies a new fermion pairing
mechanism associated with the exchange of fermion pairs between the molecular
condensate and an atomic fermion superfluid. We predict macroscopically
coherent, Josephson-like oscillations of the atomic and molecular populations
in response to a sudden change of the molecular energy, and suggest that these
oscillations will provide an experimental signature of the pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168487 </DOCNO>
Coherent control of an atomic collision in a cavity


  Following a recent proposal by S. B. Zheng and G. C. Guo (Phys. Rev. Lett.
85, 2392 (2000)), we report an experiment in which two Rydberg atoms crossing a
non-resonant cavity are entangled by coherent energy exchange. The process,
mediated by the virtual emission and absorption of a microwave photon, is
characterized by a collision mixing angle four orders of magnitude larger than
for atoms colliding in free space with the same impact parameter. The final
entangled state is controlled by adjusting the atom-cavity detuning. This
procedure, essentially insensitive to thermal fields and to photon decay, opens
promising perspectives for complex entanglement manipulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41066 </DOCNO>
Searches for Charged Higgs Bosons at LEP


  The four LEP experiments Aleph, Delphi, L3 and Opal updated their searches
for pair production of charged Higgs bosons using more than 210/pb luminosity
collected per experiment in the year 2000. Combining it with previously
collected data, a significant deviation from background (equivalent to 4.4
sigma) is found by the L3 collaboration for low values of the branching ratio
H+/- -> tau nu around masses of about 68 GeV. This excess is however not seen
by the other LEP collaborations and thus a lower limit on the charged Higgs
mass is set at 78.5 GeV at 95% confidence level. All results reported here are
still preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6578 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism in (III,Mn)V Semiconductors


  In this review article we briefly summarize the main experimental properties
of (III,Mn)V ferromagnets and outline several different but related approaches
that have been explored in an effort to gain insight into these materials. The
main body of the paper deals with the development of the semi-phenomenological
model in which the low energy degrees of freedom are exchange-coupled
valence-band holes and $S=5/2$ Mn local moments. We discuss physical
predictions based on a mean-field treatment of the disorder-free model and
demonstrate that it successfully describes a number of non-trivial properties
of (Ga,Mn)As and (In,Mn)As ferromagnets. Study of collective excitations of
these ferromagnets shows that the simple mean-field-theory is reasonably
reliable for typical parameters of current samples but must fail at large
carrier densities and also in the limit of very strong exchange coupling.
Finally we discuss the results of Monte Carlo calculations that describe the
effect of collective fluctuations of Mn moment orientations. The method can
deal with some of the complications and additional physics, including the
possibility of non-collinear ground states, that enters when disorder is added
to the theoretical model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86483 </DOCNO>
Studying the anisotropy of the gravitational wave stochastic background


  A plethora of gravitational wave stochastic backgrounds populate the
sensitivity window of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. We show that LISA
can detect the anisotropy of the background corresponding to the multipole
moments of order l=2 and 4. The signal-to-noise ratio generated by galactic
white dwarf binary systems could be as high as 60 for 3 yrs of integration, and
LISA could provide valuable information on the spatial distribution of a
variety of galactic sources. We also show that the cross-correlation of the
data sets from two interferometers could marginally lead to meaningful
upper-limits on the degree of isotropy of the primordial gravitational wave
background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5826 </DOCNO>
How short-ranged electrostatics controls the chromatin structure on much


  We propose that the degree of sweeling of the 30nm chromatin fiber (a
"measure" of its transcriptional activity) is mainly determined by the
short-ranged electrostatical interaction between different sections of the
"folded" DNA chain. These sections constitute only a small fraction of the
chain and they are located close to the entry-exit points of the DNA chain at
the nucleosome core particles. We present a model that allows to estimate the
degree of swelling of chromatin fibers as a function of salt concentration,
charge density of the strands etc. Different mechanisms by which the state of
chromatin can be controlled in vitro and in vivo are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75872 </DOCNO>
The Hypertriton in Effective Field Theory


  Doublet Lambda d scattering and the hypertriton are studied in the framework
of an effective field theory for large scattering lengths. As in the triton
case, consistent renormalization requires a one-parameter three-body force at
leading order whose renormalization group evolution is governed by a limit
cycle. Constraining unknown parameters from symmetry considerations and the
measured binding energy of the hypertriton, we calculate the low-energy phase
shifts for doublet Lambda d scattering. For the low-energy parameters, we find
a_{Lambda d}=(16.8^{+4.4}_{-2.4}) fm and r_{Lambda d}=(2.3 +/- 0.3) fm, where
the errors are due to the uncertainty in the hypertriton binding energy. Since
the hypertriton is extremely shallow, low-energy three-body observables in this
channel are very insensitive to the exact values of the Lambda N low-energy
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86395 </DOCNO>
Demianski-Newman solution revisited


  The derivation of the Demianski-Newman solution within the framework of the
Ernst complex formalism is considered. We show that this solution naturally
arises as a two-soliton specialization of the axisymmetric multi-soliton
electrovacuum metric, and we work out the full set of the corresponding
metrical fields and electromagnetic potentials. Some limits and physical
properties of the DN space-time are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96367 </DOCNO>
Generalized Yang-Mills actions from Dirac operator determinants


  We consider the quantum effective action of Dirac fermions on four
dimensional flat Euclidean space coupled to external vector- and axial
Yang-Mills fields, i.e., the logarithm of the (regularized) determinant of a
Dirac operator on flat R^4 twisted by generalized Yang-Mills fields. According
to physics folklore, the logarithmic divergent part of this effective action in
the pure vector case is proportional to the Yang-Mills action. We present an
explicit computation proving this fact, generalized to the chiral case. We use
an efficient computation method for quantum effective actions which is based on
calculation rules for pseudo-differential operators and which yields an
expansion of the logarithm of Dirac operators in local and quasi-gauge
invariant polynomials of decreasing scaling dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86484 </DOCNO>
The Fuzzy Analog of Chiral Diffeomorphisms in higher dimensional Quantum


  The well-known fact that classical automorphisms of (compactified) Minkowski
spacetime (Poincare or conformal trandsformations) also allow a natural
derivation/interpretation in the modular setting (in the operator-algebraic
sense of Tomita and Takesaki) of the algebraic formulation of QFT has an
interesting nontrivial chiral generalization to the diffeomorphisms of the
circle. Combined with recent ideas on algebraic (d-1)-dimensional lightfront
holography, these diffeomorphisms turn out to be images of ``fuzzy'' acting
groups in the original d-dimensional (massive) QFT. These actions do not
require any spacetime noncommutativity and are in complete harmony with
causality and localization principles. Their use tightens the relation with
kinematic chiral structures on the causal horizon and makes recent attempts to
explain the required universal structure of a possible future quantum
Bekenstein law in terms of Virasoro algebra structures more palatable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83719 </DOCNO>
Modeling informational novelty in a conversational system with a hybrid


  We present a hybrid statistical and grammar-based system for surface natural
language generation (NLG) that uses grammar rules, conditions on using those
grammar rules, and corpus statistics to determine the word order. We also
describe how this surface NLG module is implemented in a prototype
conversational system, and how it attempts to model informational novelty by
varying the word order. Using a combination of rules and statistical
information, the conversational system expresses the novel information
differently than the given information, based on the run-time dialog state. We
also discuss our plans for evaluating the generation strategy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5992 </DOCNO>
de Gennes-Saint-James resonant transport in Nb/GaAs/AlGaAs


  Resonant transport is demonstrated in a hybrid superconductor-semiconductor
heterostructure junction grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs. This
heterostructure realizes the model system introduced by de Gennes and
Saint-James in 1963 [P. G. de Gennes and D. Saint-James, Phys. Lett. {\bf 4},
151 (1963)]. At low temperatures a single marked resonance peak is shown
superimposed to the characteristic Andreev-dominated subgap conductance. The
observed magnetotransport properties are successfully analyzed within the
random matrix theory of quantum transport, and ballistic effects are included
by directly solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4620 </DOCNO>
No Ending Point in The Bragg-to-Vortex Glass Phase Transition Line at


  We have measured the magnetic hysteresis loops and the magnetic relaxation
for $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta}$ (Bi-2212) single crystals which exhibit the
second magnetization peak effect. Although no second peak effect is observed
below 20 K in the measurement with fast field sweeping rate, it is found that
the second peak effect will appear again after long time relaxation or in a
measurement with very slow field sweeping rate at 16 K. It is anticipated that
the peak effect will appear at very low temperatures (approaching zero K) when
the relaxation time is long enough. We attribute this phenomenon to the profile
of the interior magnetic field and conclude that the phase transition line of
Bragg glass to vortex glass has no ending point at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3680 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal conductivity and transverse charge redistribution in


  In double quantum wells electrons experience a Lorentz force oriented
perpendicular to the structure plane when an electric current is driven
perpendicular to the direction of an in-plane magnetic field. Consequently, the
excess charge is accumulated in one of the wells. The polarization of a bilayer
electron system and the corresponding Hall voltage are shown to contribute
substantially to the in-plane conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114534 </DOCNO>
The Holistic Universe and the Variation of the Fine Structure Constant


  Inaba recently used a simple model to suggest that Quantum Theory can result
from a fluctuation in the cosmos. In this note we confirm this conclusion from
a different and more general point of view. We then argue that this provides an
explanation for the recently observed variation of the fine structure constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125532 </DOCNO>
VHE observations of unidentified EGRET sources


  Observations of unidentified EGRET sources were made with the Whipple 10m
imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope between Fall 1999 and Spring 2001.
During this period, a high resolution 490 pixel camera with 4 degree field of
view was present on the telescope. Characterization of the off-axis response of
this instrument was done using observations of the Crab Nebula. No significant
emission was detected from the eight unidentified EGRET sources observed and
upper limits are presented as a function of position.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83536 </DOCNO>
Semantics and Termination of Simply-Moded Logic Programs with Dynamic


  In logic programming, dynamic scheduling refers to a situation where the
selection of the atom in each resolution (computation) step is determined at
runtime, as opposed to a fixed selection rule such as the left-to-right one of
Prolog. This has applications e.g. in parallel programming. A mechanism to
control dynamic scheduling is provided in existing languages in the form of
delay declarations.
  Input-consuming derivations were introduced to describe dynamic scheduling
while abstracting from the technical details. In this paper, we first formalise
the relationship between delay declarations and input-consuming derivations,
showing in many cases a one-to-one correspondence. Then, we define a
model-theoretic semantics for input-consuming derivations of simply-moded
programs. Finally, for this class of programs, we provide a necessary and
sufficient criterion for termination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126723 </DOCNO>
Particle acceleration by ultra-relativistic shocks: theory and


  We consider the acceleration of charged particles near ultra-relativistic
shocks, with Lorentz factor Gamma_s >> 1. We present simulations of the
acceleration process and compare these with results from semi-analytical
calculations. We show that the spectrum that results from acceleration near
ultra-relativistic shocks is a power law, N(E) \propto E^{-s}, with a nearly
universal value s \approx 2.2 - 2.3 for the slope of this power law.
  We confirm that the ultra-relativistic equivalent of Fermi acceleration at a
shock differs from its non-relativistic counterpart by the occurence of large
anisotropies in the distribution of the accelerated particles near the shock.
In the rest frame of the upstream fluid, particles can only outrun the shock
when their direction of motion lies within a small loss cone of opening angle
theta_c \approx 1/Gamma_s around the shock normal.
  We also show that all physically plausible deflection or scattering
mechanisms can change the upstream flight direction of relativistic particles
originating from downstream by only a small amount: Delta theta ~ 1/Gamma_s.
This limits the energy change per shock crossing cycle to Delta E ~ E, except
for the first cycle where particles originate upstream. In that case the
upstream energy is boosted by a factor ~ Gamma_s^2 for those particles that are
scattered back across the shock into the upstream region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126412 </DOCNO>
The Origin of the Density Distribution of Disk Galaxies: A New Problem


  We present new models for the formation of disk galaxies that improve upon
previous models by following the detailed accretion and cooling of the baryonic
mass, and by using realistic distributions of specific angular momentum. Under
the assumption of detailed angular momentum conservation the disks that form
have density distributions that are more centrally concentrated than an
exponential. We examine the influence of star formation, bulge formation, and
feedback on the outcome of the surface brightness distributions of the stars.
Whereas the models are succesful in reproducing high surface brightness disks,
they fail to produce exponential disks of low surface brightness. In addition,
the models predict truncation radii in the gas that occur at too high surface
density. This signals a new problem for the standard model of disk formation:
if the baryonic component of the protogalaxies out of which disk galaxies form
have the same angular momentum distribution as the dark matter, disks are too
compact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127501 </DOCNO>
Gas Rich Galaxies and the HI Mass Function


  We have developed an automated cross-correlation technique to detect 21cm
emission in sample spectra obtained from the HI Parkes All Sky Survey.
 The initial sample selection was the nearest spectra to 2435 low surface
brightness galaxies in the catalogue of Morshidi-Esslinger et al. (1999).
 The galaxies were originally selected to have properties similar to Fornax
cluster dE galaxies. As dE galaxies are generally gas poor it is not surprising
that there were only 26 secure detections. All of the detected galaxies have
very high values of $(M_{H}/L_{B})_{\odot}$. Thus the HI selection of faint
optical sources leads to the detection of predominately gas rich galaxies. The
gas rich galaxies tend to reside on the outskirts of the large scale structure
delineated by optically selected galaxies, but they do appear to be associated
with it. These objects appear to have similar relative dark matter content to
optically selected galaxies. The HI column densities are lower than the
'critical density' necessary for sustainable star formation and they appear,
relatively, rather isolated from companion galaxies. These two factors may
explain their high relative gas content. We have considered the HI mass
function by looking at the distribution of velocities of HI detections in
random spectra on the sky.
 The inferred HI mass function is steep though confirmation of this results
awaits a detailed study of the noise characteristics of the HI survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75282 </DOCNO>
Towards the solution of Dyson-Schwinger equations in Minkowski space


  Dyson-Schwinger equations are solved directly in Minkowski space with the
help of an integral spectral representation. Essential ideas of the spectral
techniques are discussed and applied on two different models involving
interactions with fermions: the Yukawa theory with massive pseudoscalar meson
and conventional spinor QED. The regularization-renormalization procedure is
performed analytically and thus does not leave unphysical traces in the
obtained numerical results. All solutions exhibit the expected physical
properties: they have correct thresholds and they are exactly independent on
the choice of the renormalization points. The great advantage of the proposed
approach is high numerical accuracy of the obtained solutions in the both
space- and {\bf{time}}-like regimes of momenta. The results are compared with
perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74349 </DOCNO>
Second order contributions to elastic large-angle Bhabha scattering


  We derive the coefficient of the O(alpha^2 log(s/m_e^2)) fixed order
contribution to elastic large-angle Bhabha scattering. We adapt the
classification of infrared divergences, that was recently developed within
dimensional regularization, and apply it to the regularization scheme with a
massive photon and electron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75631 </DOCNO>
Contribution of $\alpha^2$-terms to the total interaction cross sections


  It is shown that the corrections of $\alpha^2$ order to the total cross
sections for interaction of elementary hydrogen-like atoms with target atoms,
reported in the previously published paper [S.Mrowczynski, Phys.Rev. D36, 1520
(1987)], do not include some terms of the same order of magnitude. That results
in a significant contribution of these corrections in particular cases. The
full $\alpha^2$-corrections have been derived and it is shown that they are
really small and could be omitted for most practical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87041 </DOCNO>
Tensor fields of mixed Young symmetry type and N-complexes


  We construct $N$-complexes of non completely antisymmetric irreducible tensor
fields on $\mathbb R^D$ which generalize the usual complex $(N=2)$ of
differential forms. Although, for $N\geq 3$, the generalized cohomology of
these $N$-complexes is non trivial, we prove a generalization of the Poincar\'e
lemma. To that end we use a technique reminiscent of the Green ansatz for
parastatistics. Several results which appeared in various contexts are shown to
be particular cases of this generalized Poincar\'e lemma. We furthermore
identify the nontrivial part of the generalized cohomology. Many of the results
presented here were announced in [10].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41649 </DOCNO>
E1 Working Group Summary: Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders


  We are in the middle of a time of exciting discovery, namely that neutrinos
have mass and oscillate. In order to take the next steps to understand this
potential window onto what well might be the mechanism that links the quarks
and leptons, we need both new neutrino beams and new detectors. The new
beamlines can and should also provide new laboratories for doing charged lepton
flavor physics, and the new detectors can and should also provide laboratories
for doing other physics like proton decay, supernovae searches, etc. The new
neutrino beams serve as milestones along the way to a muon collider, which can
answer questions in yet another sector of particle physics, namely the Higgs
sector or ultimately the energy frontier. In this report we discuss the current
status of neutrino oscillation physics, what other oscillation measurements are
needed to fully explore the phenomenon, and finally, what other new physics can
be explored as a result of building of these facilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124938 </DOCNO>
Fossil Radio Plasma in Cluster Merger Shock Waves


  In several merging clusters of galaxies so-called cluster radio relics have
been observed. These are extended radio sources which do not seem to be
associated with any radio galaxy. Two competing physical mechanisms to
accelerate the radio emitting electrons have been proposed: (i) diffusive shock
acceleration and (ii) adiabatic compression of fossil radio plasma by merger
shock waves. Here the second scenario is investigated. We present detailed
3-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of the passage of a radio
plasma cocoon through a shock wave. Taking into account synchrotron, inverse
Compton and adiabatic energy losses and gains we evolved the relativistic
electron population to produce synthetic radio maps in Stokes I-, Q-, and
U-polarisation. In the synthetic radio maps the electric polarisation vectors
are mostly perpendicular to the filamentary radio structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41207 </DOCNO>
Color Transparency at COMPASS - Feasibility Study


  We examine the potential of the COMPASS experiment at CERN to study color
transparency via exclusive vector meson production in hard muon-nucleus
scattering. It is demonstrated that COMPASS has high sensitivity to test this
important prediction of perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128224 </DOCNO>
Magnetically Induced "Dry" Water Like Structure of Charged Fluid at the


  It is shown that charged fluid, e.g., electron gas or proton matter at the
core of a magnetar exhibit super-fluid (frictionless) like property if the
magnetic field strength is high enough to populate only the zeroth Landau
levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169489 </DOCNO>
The origin of the algebra of quantum operators in the stochastic


  The origin of the algebra of the non-commuting operators of quantum mechanics
is explained in the general Fenyes-Nelson stochastic models in which the
diffusion constant is a free parameter. This is achieved by continuing the
diffusion constant to imaginary values, a continuation which destroys the
physical interpretation, but does not affect experimental predictions. This
continuation leads to great mathematical simplification in the stochastic
theory, and to an understanding of the entire mathematical formalism of quantum
mechanics. It is more than a formal construction because the diffusion
parameter is not an observable in these theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179403 </DOCNO>
In-medium nucleon-nucleon potentials in configuration space


  Based on the thermodynamic Green function approach two-nucleon correlations
in nuclear matter at finite temperatures are revisited. To this end, we derive
phase equivalent effective $r$-space potentials that include the effect of the
Pauli blocking at a given temperature and density. These potentials enter into
a Schr\"odinger equation that is the $r$-space representation of the
Galitskii-Feynman equation for two nucleons. We explore the analytical
structure of the equation in the complex $k$-plane by means of Jost functions.
We find that despite the Mott effect the correlation with deuteron quantum
numbers are manifested as antibound states, i.e., as zeros of the Jost function
on the negative imaginary axis of the complex momentum space. The analysis
presented here is also suited for Coulombic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114213 </DOCNO>
Can optical spectroscopy directly elucidate the ground state of C20?


  The optical response of the lowest energy members of the C20 family is
calculated using time-dependent density functional theory within a real-space,
real-time scheme. Significant differences are found among the spectra of the
different isomers, and thus we propose optical spectroscopy as a tool for
experimental investigation of the structure of these important clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98235 </DOCNO>
A conservative semi-Lagrangian method for oscillation-free computation


  The semi-Lagrangian method using the hybrid-cubic-rational interpolation
function [M. Ida, Comput. Fluid Dyn. J. 10 (2001) 159] is modified to a
conservative method by incorporating the concept discussed in [R. Tanaka et
al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 126 (2000) 232]. In the method due to Tanaka et al.,
not only a physical quantity but also its integrated quantity within a
computational cell are used as dependent variables, and the mass conservation
is completely achieved by giving a constraint to a forth-order polynomial used
as an interpolation function. In the present method, a hybrid-cubic-rational
function whose optimal mixing ratio was determined theoretically is employed
for the interpolation, and its derivative is used for updating the physical
quantity. The numerical oscillation appearing in results by the method due to
Tanaka et al. is sufficiently eliminated by the use of the hybrid function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86270 </DOCNO>
On the Detection of a Scalar Stochastic Background of Gravitational


  In the near future we will witness the coming to a full operational regime of
laser interferometers and resonant mass detectors of spherical shape. In this
work we study the sensitivity of pairs of such gravitational wave detectors to
a scalar stochastic background of gravitational waves. Our computations are
carried out both for minimal and non minimal coupling of the scalar fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124628 </DOCNO>
Empirical relations for cluster RR Lyrae stars revisited


  Our former study on the empirical relations between the Fourier parameters of
the light curves of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars and their basic stellar
parameters has been extended to considerably larger data sets. The most
significant contribution to the absolute magnitude M_v comes from the period P
and from the first Fourier amplitude A_1, but there are statistically
significant contributions also from additional higher order components, most
importantly from A_3 and in a lesser degree from the Fourier phase phi_51. When
different colors are combined in reddening-free quantities, we obtain basically
period-luminosity-color relations. Due to the log T_eff (B-V, log g, [Fe/H])
relation from stellar atmosphere models, we would expect some dependence also
on phi_31. Unfortunately, the data are still not extensive and accurate enough
to decipher clearly the small effect of this Fourier phase. However, with the
aid of more accurate multicolor data on field variables, we show that this
Fourier phase should be present either in V-I or in B-V or in both. From the
standard deviations of the various regressions, an upper limit can be obtained
on the overall inhomogeneity of the reddening in the individual clusters. This
yields sigma_E(B-V)}< 0.012 mag, which also implies an average minimum
observational error of sigma_V > 0.018 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168178 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing n Hamiltonians on C^n by a single measurement


  If an experimentalist wants to decide which one of n possible Hamiltonians
acting on an n dimensional Hilbert space is present, he can conjugate the time
evolution by an appropriate sequence of known unitary transformations in such a
way that the different Hamiltonians result in mutual orthogonal final states.
We present a general scheme providing such a sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95743 </DOCNO>
Almost Kaehler deformation quantization


  We use a natural affine connection with nontrivial torsion on an arbitrary
almost-Kaehler manifold which respects the almost-Kaehler structure to
construct a Fedosov-type deformation quantization on this manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2413 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Theory and computer simulation for the equation of state of


  A flaw in the comparison between two different theoretical equations of state
for a binary mixture of additive hard disks and Monte Carlo results, as
recently reported in C. Barrio and J. R. Solana, Phys. Rev. E 63, 011201
(2001), is pointed out. It is found that both proposals, which require the
equation of state of the single component system as input, lead to comparable
accuracy but the one advocated by us [A. Santos, S. B. Yuste, and M. L\'{o}pez
de Haro, Mol. Phys. 96, 1 (1999)] is simpler and complies with the exact limit
in which the small disks are point particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179648 </DOCNO>
Global Properties of Spherical Nuclei Obtained from


  Selfconsistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations have been performed
with the Gogny force for nuclei along several constant Z and constant N chains,
with the purpose of extracting the macroscopic part of the binding energy using
the Strutinsky prescription. The macroscopic energy obtained in this way is
compared to current liquid drop formulas. The evolution of the single particle
levels derived from the HFB calculations along the constant Z and constant N
chains and the variations of the different kinds of nuclear radii are also
analysed. Those radii are shown to follow isospin-dependent three parameter
laws close to the phenomenological formulas which reproduce experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86629 </DOCNO>
Practical Relativistic Model of Microarcsecond Astrometry in Space


  This paper is devoted to a practical model for relativistic reduction of
positional observations with an accuracy of 1 microarcsecond. All the
relativistic effects important in practice for this accuracy are thoroughly
discussed and calculated. The model is presented in the form which could be
directly implemented into a software system for data processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149030 </DOCNO>
Lorentz invariance and confined noncommutativity


  There have been comments on this paper which point out unclear motivation and
definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced. Therefore, this paper is
withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4950 </DOCNO>
Double stochastic resonance peaks in systems with dynamic phase


  To probe the connection between the dynamic phase transition and stochastic
resonance, we study the mean-field kinetic Ising model and the two-dimensional
Josephson-junction array in the presence of appropriate oscillating magnetic
fields. Observed in both systems are {\it double} stochastic resonance peaks,
one below and the other above the dynamic transition temperature, the
appearance of which is argued to be a generic property of the system with a
continuous dynamic phase transition. In particular, the frequency matching
condition around the dynamic phase transition between the external drive
frequency and the internal characteristic frequency of the system is identified
as the origin of such double peaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126799 </DOCNO>
Gravitational radiation from a torus around a black hole


  Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from rapidly spinning black hole-torus systems
may represent hypernovae or black hole-neutron star coalescence. We show that
the torus may radiate gravitational radiation powered by the spin-energy of the
black hole in the presence of non-axisymmetries. The coupling to the
spin-energy of the black hole is due to equivalence in poloidal topology to
pulsar magnetospheres. Results calculated in the suspended accretion state
indicate that GRBs are potentially the most powerful LIGO/VIRGO burst-sources
in the Universe, with an expected duration of 10-15s on a horizontal branch of
1-2kHz in the $\dot{f}(f)-$diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76079 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Flow in large N_c


  We calculate renormalization group flow equations for the linear sigma-model
in large N_c approximation. The flow equations decouple and can be solved
analytically. The solution is equal to a self consistent solution of the NJL
model in the same approximation, which shows that flow equations are a
promising method to extend the calculation to higher order in 1/N_c. Including
explicit chiral symmetry breaking, the large N_c approximation describes
physics reasonably well. We further compare the analytic solution to the
usually used polynomial truncation and find consistency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85760 </DOCNO>
Field Theories from the Relativistic Law of Motion


  From the relativistic law of motion we attempt to deduce the field theories
corresponding to the force law being linear and quadratic in 4-velocity of the
particle. The linear law leads to the vector gauge theory which could be the
abelian Maxwell electrodynamics or the non-abelian Yang-Mills theory. On the
other hand the quadratic law demands spacetime metric as its potential which is
equivalent to demanding the Principle of Equivalence. It leads to the tensor
theory of gravitational field -- General Relativity. It is remarkable that a
purely dynamical property of the force law leads uniquely to the corresponding
field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7247 </DOCNO>
Cellular Automata for One-Lane Traffic Flow Modelling: Safety and


  In recent years the modelling of traffic flow using methods from statistical
physics, especially cellular automata models have allowed simulations of large
traffic networks faster than real time. In this paper, we study a probabilistic
cellular automaton model for microsimulations of traffic flow of automated
vehicles in highways. This model describes single-lane traffic flow on a ring.
We study the equilibrium properties by including a parameter of safe distance
in the model and calculate the so-called fundamental diagrams (flow vs. density
graph) considering parallel dynamics. This is done numerically by computer
simulations of the model and by means of an analysis of speed variance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6910 </DOCNO>
All-electron GW approximation with the mixed basis expansion based on


  We present a new all-electron, augmented-wave implementation of the GW
approximation using eigenfunctions generated by a recent variant of the
full-potential LMTO method. The dynamically screened Coulomb interaction W is
expanded in a mixed basis set which consists of two contributions, local
atom-centered functions confined to muffin-tin spheres, and plane waves with
the overlap to the local functions projected out. The former can include any of
the core states; thus the core and valence states can be treated on an equal
footing. Systematic studies of semiconductors and insulators show that the GW
fundamental bandgaps consistently fall low in comparison to experiment, and
also the quasiparticle levels differ significantly from other, approximate
methods, in particular those that approximate the core with a pseudopotential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125712 </DOCNO>
Nuclear reaction rates and energy in stellar plasmas : The effect of


  The effects of the highly damped modes in the energy and reaction rates in a
plasma are discussed. These modes, with wavenumbers $k \gg k_{D}$, even being
only weakly excited, with less than $k_{B}T$ per mode, make a significant
contribution to the energy and screening in a plasma. When the de Broglie
wavelength is much less than the distance of closest approach of thermal
electrons, a classical analysis of the plasma can

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2227 </DOCNO>
The Superfluid State of a Bose Liquid as a Superposition of a


  One considers the superfluid (SF) state of a Bose liquid with a strong
repulsion between bosons, in which at T=0, along with a weak single-particle
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), there exists an intensive pair coherent
condensate (PCC), analogous to the Cooper condensate in a Fermi liquid with an
attraction between the fermions. Such a PCC emerges in a system of bosons due
to an oscillating sign-changing momentum dependence of the Fourier component of
the pair interaction potential, which is characteristic of a certain family of
repulsion potentials. In such cases, the Fourier component is negative in some
domain of nonzero momentum transfer, which corresponds to an effective
attraction. The collective effects of renormalization (``screening'') of the
initial interaction lead to a suppression of the repulsion and an enhancement
of the effective attraction. It is the ratio of the BEC density to the full
density of the liquid $n_0/n\ll 1$ that is used as a small parameter---unlike
in the Bogolyubov theory for a quasi-ideal Bose gas, in which the small
parameter is the ratio of the number of supracondensate excitations to the
number of particles in an intensive BEC, $(n-n_0)/n_0\ll 1$. A closed system of
nonlinear integral equations for the normal and anomalous self-energy parts is
obtained, in the framework of a renormalized perturbation theory built on
combined hydrodynamic and field variables. In the framework of the hard-spheres
model, a spectrum of quasiparticles is obtained, which is in good accordance
with the experimental spectrum of elementary excitations in superfluid $^4$He.
The question of applicability of the Landau criterion in the absence of quantum
vortices is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123625 </DOCNO>
The X-Ray Structure of the Supernova Remnant 3C 400.2


  We present here the results of an X-ray study of the supernova remnant 3C
400.2 (G53.6-2.2) using the ASCA data. 3C 400.2 has an unusual morphology at
radio wavelengths, suggesting two SNRs superposed along the same line of sight,
whereas its X-ray emission is known to be centrally peaked. We investigated the
X-ray spectral variation across the remnant using the ASCA GIS and the ROSAT
PSPC data. The X-ray spectra can be well fitted by thin thermal plasma models.
However, there is no significant variation in the temperature and the
ionization parameter across the remnant. We conclude that it is a single SNR
rather than two overlapping SNRs. The centrally peaked X-ray morphology and the
thin thermal emission with nearly cosmic abundances indicate that 3C 400.2
belongs to a class of ``mixed-morphology SNRs''. We found that the physical
parameters of 3C 400.2 are similar to those of other mixed-morphology SNRs. The
morphology of 3C 400.2 can be explained by a supernova explosion occurring near
to the edge of an interstellar cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95458 </DOCNO>
Remarks on quantum transmutation


  It is shown how formulas of the author for general operator transmutation can
be adapted to a quantum group context

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95652 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hyperbolic State Sum Invariants of 3-Manifolds


  Any triple $(W,L,\rho)$, where $W$ is a compact closed oriented 3-manifold,
$L$ is a link in $W$ and $\rho$ is a flat principal $B$-bundle over $W$ ($B$ is
the Borel subgroup of upper triangular matrices of $SL(2,\mc)$), can be encoded
by suitable {\it distinguished} and {\it decorated} triangulations ${\cal
T}=(T,H,{\cal D})$. For each $\cal T$, for each odd integer $N\geq 3$, one
defines a state sum $K_N({\cal T})$, based on the Faddeev-Kashaev quantum
dilogarithm at $\omega =\exp(2\pi i/N)$, such that $K_N(W,L,\rho)=K_N({\cal
T})$ is a well-defined complex valued invariant. The purely topological,
conjectural invariants $K_N(W,L)$ proposed earlier by Kashaev correspond to the
special case of the {\it trivial} flat bundle. Moreover, we extend the
definition of these invariants to the case of flat bundles on $W\setminus L$
with non necessarily trivial holonomy along the meridians of the link's
components, and also to 3-manifolds endowed with a $B$-flat bundle and with
\emph{arbitrary} non-spherical parametrized boundary components. We point out
some remarkable specializations of the invariants; among these, the so called
{\it Seifert-type} invariants, when $W=S^3$: these seem to be good candidates
in orther to fully reconduct the Jones polynomials in the main stream of
quantum hyperbolic invariants. Finally, we try to set our results against the
heuristic backgroud of the Euclidean analytic continuation of (2+1)-quantum
gravity with negative cosmological constant, regarded as a gauge theory with
the {\it non compact} group SO(3,1) as gauge group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 838 </DOCNO>
Pressure dependence of the spin dynamics around a quantum critical point


  Inelastic neutron scattering experiments performed on a single crystal of the
antiferromagnetic compound Ce$_{0.87}$La$_{0.13}$Ru$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ under applied
pressures of up to 5 kbar are reported. A quantum critical point is reached at
around 2.6 kbar where long-range magnetic order disappears. The variation of
the characteristic energy scales with respect to temperature and pressure is
followed and found to saturate in the ordered phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128968 </DOCNO>
Objective-Prism Emission-Line Searches for Active Galactic Nuclei


  Objective-prism surveys for UV-excess and emission-line objects, especially
the First and Second Byurakan Surveys, have been central to the study of active
galactic nuclei (AGNs). We review previous line-selected surveys for AGNs and
discuss their contribution to our understanding of the AGN phenomena. In
addition, we present results from the KPNO International Spectroscopic Survey,
a modern digital objective-prism survey for emission line objects. This survey
is discovering substantial numbers of new AGNs, in particular low-luminosity
AGNs and LINERs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95837 </DOCNO>
Descendant invariants and characteristic numbers


  On a stack of stable maps, the psi classes are modified by subtracting
certain boundary divisors. These modified psi classes are compatible with
forgetful morphisms, and are well-suited to enumerative geometry: tangency
conditions allow simple expressions in terms of modified psi classes.
Topological recursion relations are established among their top products in
genus zero, yielding effective recursions for characteristic numbers of
rational curves in any projective homogeneous variety. In higher genus, the
obtained numbers are only virtual, due to contributions from spurious
components of the space of maps. For the projective plane, the necessary
corrections are determined in genus 1 and 2 to give the characteristic numbers
in these cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87267 </DOCNO>
Pair of null gravitating shells I. Space of solutions and its symmetries


  The dynamical system constituted by two spherically symmetric thin shells and
their own gravitational field is studied. The shells can be distinguished from
each other, and they can intersect. At each intersection, they exchange energy
on the Dray, 't Hooft and Redmount formula. There are bound states: if the
shells intersect, one, or both, external shells can be bound in the field of
internal shells. The space of all solutions to classical dynamical equations
has six components; each has the trivial topology but a non trivial boundary.
Points within each component are labeled by four parameters. Three of the
parameters determine the geometry of the corresponding solution spacetime and
shell trajectories and the fourth describes the position of the system with
respect to an observer frame. An account of symmetries associated with
spacetime diffeomorphisms is given. The group is generated by an infinitesimal
time shift, an infinitesimal dilatation and a time reversal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86337 </DOCNO>
Computer algebra in gravity


  We survey the application of computer algebra in the context of gravitational
theories. After some general remarks, we show of how to check the second
Bianchi-identity by means of the Reduce package Excalc. Subsequently we list
some computer algebra systems and packages relevant to applications in
gravitational physics. We conclude by presenting a couple of typical examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6801 </DOCNO>
Dynamics and Configurational Entropy in the LW Model for Supercooled


  We study thermodynamic and dynamic properties of a rigid model of the fragile
glass forming liquid orthoterphenyl. A system of N=343 molecules is considered
in a wide range of densities and temperatures, reaching simulation times up to
1 microsecond. Working within the inherent structures thermodynamic formalism,
we present results for the temperature and density dependence of the number,
depth and shape of the basins of the potential energy surface. We evaluate the
configurational entropy of the system and we study the connection between
thermodynamical and dynamical properties. We confirm that the temperature
dependence of the configurational entropy and of the diffusion constant, as
well as the inverse of the characteristic structural relaxation time, are
strongly connected in supercooled states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126865 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Wind Nebulae in Evolved Supernova Remnants


  For pulsars similar to the one in the Crab Nebula, most of the energy input
to the surrounding wind nebula occurs on a timescale of less than 1000 years;
during this time, the nebula expands into freely expanding supernova ejecta. On
a timescale 10,000 years, the interaction of the supernova with the surrounding
medium drives a reverse shock front toward the center of the remnant, where it
crushes the PWN (pulsar wind nebula). One- and two-dimensional, two-fluid
simulations of the crushing and re-expansion phases of a PWN show that (1)
these phases are subject to Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities that result in the
mixing of thermal and nonthermal fluids, and (2) asymmetries in the surrounding
interstellar medium give rise to asymmetries in the position of the PWN
relative to the pulsar and explosion site. These effects are expected to be
observable in the radio emission from evolved PWN because of the long lifetimes
of radio emitting electrons. The scenario can explain the chaotic and
asymmetric appearance of the Vela X PWN relative to the Vela pulsar without
recourse to a directed flow from the vicinity of the pulsar. The displacement
of the radio nebulae in G327.1--1.1, MSH15--56 (G326.3--1.8), G0.9+0.1, and W44
relative to the X-ray nebulae may be due to this mechanism. On timescales much
greater than the nebular crushing time, the initial PWN may be mixed with
thermal gas and become unobservable, so that even the radio emission is
dominated by recently injected particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126168 </DOCNO>
Cangaroo-II and Cangaroo-III


  Preliminary results from CANGAROO-II, a 10 m imaging Cherenkov telescope, in
Woomera, South Australia are presented. They include the confirmation of
detections of TeV gamma-ray sources we have reported using a 3.8 m telescope,
CANGAROO-I. Also the status of the construction of an array of four 10 m
telescopes, called CANGAROO-III, is reported. The first telescope of the array
was upgraded from the 7 m telescope and the second one is being constructed in
this year. The full array will be operating in 2004.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168164 </DOCNO>
Remark On Quantum Battle of The Sexes Game


  Recently Quantum Battle of The Sexes Game has been studied by Luca Marinatto
and Tullio Weber. Yet some important problems exist in their scheme. Here we
propose a new scheme to quantize Battle of The Sexes Game, and this scheme will
truly remove the dilemma that exists in the classical form of the game.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124411 </DOCNO>
The Origin of the Knee in the Cosmic-Ray Energy Spectrum


  A sudden steepening of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum (the knee) is observed
at an energy of about 3 PeV (1 PeV = 10$^{15}$eV). The recent results on
extensive air showers allow us to conclude that: a) the knee has an
astrophysical origin; b) the 'sharpness' and the fine structure of the knee
rule out 'Galactic Modulation' as the origin of the knee; c) most likely the
knee is the result of the explosion of a single, recent, nearby supernova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174649 </DOCNO>
Collective response of nuclei: Comparison between experiments and


  The giant monopole, dipole and quadrupole responses in $^{40}$Ca, $^{90}$Zr,
$^{120}$Sn and $^{208}$Pb are investigated using linear response treatment
based on a stochastic one-body transport theory. Effects of the coupling to
low-lying surface modes (coherent mechanism) and the incoherent mechanism due
to nucleon-nucleon collisions are included beyond the usual mean-field
description. We emphasize the importance of both mechanism in the fragmentation
and damping of giant resonance. Calculated spectra are compared with experiment
in terms of percentage of Energy-Weighted Sum-Rules in various energy regions.
We obtained reasonable agreement in all cases. A special attention as been
given to the fragmentation of the Giant Quadrupole Resonance in calcium and
lead. In particular, the equal splitting of the $2^{+}$ in $^{40}$Ca is
correctly reproduced. In addition, the appearance of fine structure in the
response $^{208}$Pb is partly described by the calculations in which the
coherent mechanism play an important role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113980 </DOCNO>
Manifold Damping of Transverse Wakefields in High Phase Advance


  Operating the SLAC/KEK DDS (Damped Detuned Structure) X-band linacs at high
gradients (in excess of 70MV/m) has recently been found to be limited by the
accelerator structures breaking down and as a consequence severe damage occurs
to the cells which makes the structures inoperable. A series of recent
experiments at SLAC indicates that arcing in the structures is significantly
reduced if the group velocity of the accelerating mode is reduced and
additionally it has been discovered that reducing the length of the
accelerating structure also limits the number and intensity of breakdown events
[1]. However, in designing new accelerating structures care must be taken to
ensure that the beam-induced transverse wakefields do not cause the beam to
become unstable. Here, we report on damping transverse wakefields in two
different short structures: a 90cm traveling wave structure in which the
wakefield is coupled out to four attached manifolds and secondly, in a standing
wave structure in which a limited number of cells heavily damp down the
wakefield.
  [1] C. Adolphsen, ROAA003, this conf.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97211 </DOCNO>
Braid Group Actions and Tensor Products


  We define an action of the braid group of a simple Lie algebra on the space
of imaginary roots in the corresponding quantum affine algebra. We then use
this action to determine an explicit condition for a tensor product of
arbitrary irreducible finite--dimensional representations is cyclic. This
allows us to determine the set of points at which the corresponding $R$--matrix
has a zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86678 </DOCNO>
On the Space Time of a Galaxy


  We present an exact solution of the averaged Einstein's field equations in
the presence of two real scalar fields and a component of dust with spherical
symmetry. We suggest that the space-time found provides the characteristics
required by a galactic model that could explain the supermassive central object
and the dark matter halo at once, since one of the fields constitutes a central
oscillaton surrounded by the dust and the other scalar field distributes far
from the coordinate center and can be interpreted as a halo. We show the
behavior of the rotation curves all along the background. Thus, the solution
could be a first approximation of a ``long exposition photograph'' of a galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83661 </DOCNO>
Toward Natural Gesture/Speech Control of a Large Display


  In recent years because of the advances in computer vision research, free
hand gestures have been explored as means of human-computer interaction (HCI).
Together with improved speech processing technology it is an important step
toward natural multimodal HCI. However, inclusion of non-predefined continuous
gestures into a multimodal framework is a challenging problem. In this paper,
we propose a structured approach for studying patterns of multimodal language
in the context of a 2D-display control. We consider systematic analysis of
gestures from observable kinematical primitives to their semantics as pertinent
to a linguistic structure. Proposed semantic classification of co-verbal
gestures distinguishes six categories based on their spatio-temporal deixis. We
discuss evolution of a computational framework for gesture and speech
integration which was used to develop an interactive testbed (iMAP). The
testbed enabled elicitation of adequate, non-sequential, multimodal patterns in
a narrative mode of HCI. Conducted user studies illustrate significance of
accounting for the temporal alignment of gesture and speech parts in semantic
mapping. Furthermore, co-occurrence analysis of gesture/speech production
suggests syntactic organization of gestures at the lexical level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86202 </DOCNO>
Anholonomic Frames, Generalized Killing Equations, and Anisotropic Taub


  By using anholonomic frames in (pseudo) Riemannian spaces we define
anisotropic extensions of Euclidean Taub-NUT spaces. With respect to coordinate
frames such spaces are described by off-diagonal metrics which could be
diagonalized by corresponding anholonomic transforms. We define the conditions
when the 5D vacuum Einstein equations have as solutions anisotropic Taub-NUT
spaces. The generalized Killing equations for the configuration space of
anisotropically spinning particles (anisotropic spinning space) are analyzed.
Simple solutions of the homogeneous part of these equations are expressed in
terms of some anisotropically modified Killing-Yano tensors. The general
results are applied to the case of the four-dimensional locally anisotropic
Taub-NUT manifold with Euclidean signature. We emphasize that all constructions
are for(pseudo) Riemannian spaces defined by vacuum soltions, with generic
anisotropy, of 5D Einstein equations, the solutions being generated by applying
the moving frame method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73101 </DOCNO>
The Generic Supersymmetric Standard Model as the Complete Theory of


  The generic supersymmetric standard model is a model built from a
supersymmetrized standard model field spectrum the gauge symmetries only. The
popular minimal supersymmetric standard model differs from the generic version
in having R-parity imposed by hand. We review an efficient formulation of the
model in which all the admissible R-parity violating terms are incorporated
without bias. The model gives many new interesting R-parity violating
phenomenological features only started to be studied recently. Some of our
recent results will be discussed, including newly identified 1-loop
contributions to neutrino masses and electric dipole moments of neutron and
electron. This is related to the largely overlooked R-parity violating
contributions to squark and slepton mixings, which we also present in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7064 </DOCNO>
Disorder and thermally driven vortex-lattice melting in


  Magnetization measurements in La{2-x}Sr{x}CuO{4} crystals indicate vortex
order-disorder transition manifested by a sharp kink in the second
magnetization peak. The transition field exhibits unique temperature
dependence, namely a strong decrease with temperature in the entire measured
range. This behavior rules out the conventional interpretation of a
disorder-driven transition into an entangled vortex solid phase. It is shown
that the transition in La{2-x}Sr{x}CuO{4} is driven by both thermally- and
disorder-induced fluctuations, resulting in a pinned liquid state. We conclude
that vortex solid-liquid, solid-solid and solid to pinned-liquid transitions
are different manifestations of the same thermodynamic order-disorder
transition, distinguished by the relative contributions of thermal and
disorder-induced fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5052 </DOCNO>
Barchan dunes in the lab


  Dunes dynamics has strong impact on the ecology and the economy of sandy
areas, but is far from being understood. Since the work on sand dune formation
by R.A. Bagnold, a world wide inventory of dunes has been developed. The most
common dune, the so-called barchan, has a typical crescent shape normal to the
wind, with arms downwind and forms under mono-directional winds. Various models
call for more experimental data. On one hand, field measurements are difficult
to perform and often incomplete. On the other hand, it is believed that dunes
have a minimal size of the order of one meter, not reducible to smaller
laboratory scales. Here we show experimentally that an initial sand pile, under
a wind flow charged in sand, flattens and exhibits a typical barchan shape. An
evolution law is proposed for the profile and the summit of the dune. The dune
dynamics is shape invariant. The invariant shape, the "dune function", is
isolated. Our results clearly demonstrates the feasibility of barchan dunes in
the lab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129009 </DOCNO>
The Global Content, Distribution, and Kinematics of Interstellar O VI in


  We present FUSE observations of interstellar O VI absorption towards 12
early-type stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). O VI 1031.926 Ang
absorption at LMC velocities is seen towards all 12 stars. The observed columns
are in the range log N(O VI)=13.9 to 14.6, with a mean of 14.37. The
observations probe several sight lines projected onto known superbubbles, but
these show relatively little (if any) enhancement in O VI column density
compared to sight lines towards relatively quiescent regions of the LMC. The
observed LMC O VI absorption is broad, with Gaussian dispersions of 30 to 50
km/sec, implying temperatures T<(2-5)x10^6 K. The O VI absorption is typically
displaced -30 km/sec from the corresponding low-ionization absorption
associated with the bulk of the LMC gas. The properties of the LMC O VI
absorption are very similar to those of the Milky Way halo. The average column
density of O VI and the dispersion of the individual measurements about the
mean are identical to those measured for the halo of the Milky Way, even though
the metallicity of the LMC is a factor of ~2.5 lower than the Milky Way. Much
of the LMC O VI may arise in a vertically-extended distribution similar to the
Galactic halo. If the observed O VI absorption is tracing a radiatively cooling
galactic fountain flow, the mass flow rate from one side of the LMC disk is of
the order 1 Msun/yr, with a mass flux per unit area of the disk ~0.02
Msun/yr/kpc^2. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76823 </DOCNO>
Same-Sign Dilepton Production via Heavy Majorana Neutrinos in


  We discuss same-sign dilepton production mediated by Majorana neutrinos in
high-energy proton-proton collisions $pp\ra \ell^+ \ell^{\prime +}X$ for
$\ell,~ \ell^\prime = e,~ \mu,~ \tau$ at the LHC energy $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV.
Assuming one heavy Majorana neutrino of mass $m_N$, we present discovery limits
in the $(m_{N},|U_{\ell N}U_{\ell^\prime N}|)$ plane where $U_{\ell N}$ are the
mixing parameters. Taking into account the present limits from low energy
experiments, we show that at LHC one has sensitivity to heavy Majorana
neutrinos up to a mass $m_{N}\leq 2$ -- 5 TeV in the dilepton channels
$\mu\mu,~ \tau\tau$, and $\mu\tau$, but the dilepton states $e\ell$ will not be
detectable due to the already existing constraints from neutrinoless double
beta decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75141 </DOCNO>
Complete High Temperature Expansions for One-Loop Finite Temperature


  We develop exact, simple closed form expressions for partition functions
associated with relativistic bosons and fermions in odd spatial dimensions.
These expressions, valid at high temperature, include the effects of a
non-trivial Polyakov loop and generalize well-known high temperature
expansions. The key technical point is the proof of a set of Bessel function
identities which resum low temperature expansions into high temperature
expansions. The complete expressions for these partition functions can be used
to obtain one-loop finite temperature contributions to effective potentials,
and thus free energies and pressures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148343 </DOCNO>
Gaugings and other supergravity tools of p-brane physics


  In this series of lectures I present a review of the geometric structures of
supergravity in diverse dimensions mostly relevant to p-brane physics and to
pinpoint the correspondence between the macroscopic and microscopic description
of branes. In particular I review duality transformations, coset manifold
structures and the general steps involved by the process of gauging
supergravity lagrangians both with respect to compact, non compact and non
semisimple groups. I focus specifically on the issue of the Domain Wall field
theory correspondence and its relation with the gaugings of supergravity in p+2
dimensions. A complete review of the geometries involved by D=5, N=2
supergravity and of its most general form is given with emphasis on the problem
of finding smooth supersymmetric realizations of the Randall Sundrum scenarios.
I also give a general review of the algebraic machinery involved by the
Solvable Lie algebra description of the scalar manifolds of supergravity and I
emphasize its distinguished role in pinpointing the superstring interpretation
of supergravity p brane solutions and the macroscopic/microscopic
correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168916 </DOCNO>
Quantum anti-cetrifugal force


  In a two-dimensional world a free quantum particle of vanishing angular
momentum experiences an attractive force. This force originates from a
modification of the classical centrifugal force due to the wave nature of the
particle. For positive energies the quantum anti-centrifugal force manifests
itself in a bunching of the nodes of the energy wave functions towards the
origin. For negative energies this force is sufficient to create a bound state
in a two-dimensional delta function potential. In a counter-intuitive way the
attractive force pushes the particle away from the location of the delta
function potential. As a consequence, the particle is localized in a
band-shaped domain around the origin

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168507 </DOCNO>
A search for a border between classical and quantum worlds


  The effects of environmental decoherence on a mass center position of a
macroscopic body are studied using the linear quantum Boltzmann equation. The
border between the classical world and the quantum one is discussed and the
results are illustrated by the recent experiments od Zeilinger group involving
C_60 and C_70 fullerenes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126396 </DOCNO>
Morphology of AGN in the central kiloparsec


  Hubble Space Telescope observations of the central kiloparsec of AGN have
revealed a wealth of structure, particularly nuclear bars and spirals, that are
distinct from analogous features in the disks of spiral galaxies. WFPC2 and
NICMOS images of a large sample of AGN observed at high spatial resolution make
it possible to quantify the frequency and detailed properties of these
structures. Nearly all AGN have nuclear spiral dust lanes in the central
kiloparsec, while only a small minority contain nuclear bars. If these nuclear
dust spirals trace shocks in the circumnuclear, gaseous disks, they may
dissipate sufficient angular momentum to fuel the active nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76478 </DOCNO>
Behavior of the Hadron Potential at Large Distances and Properties of


  The impact of the form of the hadron potential at large distances on the
behaviour of the hadron spin-flip amplitude at small angles is examined. The
$t$-dependence of the spin-flip amplitude of high energy hadron elastic
scattering is analyzed under different assumptions on the hadron interaction.
It is shown that the long tail of the non-Gaussian form of the hadron potential
of the hadron interaction in the impact parameter representation leads to a
large value of the slope of the spin-flip amplitude (without the kinematical
factor $\sqrt{|t|}$) as compared with the slope of the spin-non-flip amplitude.
This effect can explain the form of the differential cross section and the
analyzing power at small transfer momenta. The methods for the definition of
the spin-dependent part of the hadron scattering amplitude are presented. A
possibility to investigate the structure of the hadron spin-flip amplitude from
the accurate measure of the differential cross section and the spin correlation
parameters is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 14 </DOCNO>
Quasi-particle description for the transport through a small interacting


  We study effects of electron correlation on the transport through a small
interacting system connected to reservoirs using an effective Hamiltonian which
describes the free quasi-particles of a Fermi liquid. The effective Hamiltonian
is defined microscopically with the value of the self-energy at $\omega=0$.
Specifically, we apply the method to a Hubbard chain of finite size $N$ ($=1,
2, 3, ...$), and calculate the self-energy within the second order in $U$ in
the electron-hole symmetric case. When the couplings between the chain and the
reservoirs on the left and right are small, the conductance for even $N$
decreases with increasing $N$ showing a tendency toward a Mott-Hubbard
insulator. This is caused by the off-diagonal element of the self-energy, and
this behavior is qualitatively different from that in the special case examined
in the previous work. We also study the effects of the asymmetry in the two
couplings. While the perfect transmission due to the Kondo resonance occurs for
any odd $N$ in the symmetric coupling, the conductance for odd $N$ decreases
with increasing $N$ in the case of the asymmetric coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41766 </DOCNO>
Heavy Flavor in Photoproduction at HERA


  Recent results on charm and beauty photoproduction at HERA are discussed. The
perturbative QCD calculations are generally smaller than the measured cross
sections, particularly in the forward (proton) direction. The study of charm
dijet photoproduction is consistent with a significant contribution of charm
excitation processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113478 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensates, optical black holes and Fermat's principle


  Fermat's principle and variational analysis is used to analyze the
trajectories of light propagating in a radially inhomogeneous medium with a
singularity in the center. It is found that the trajectories are similar to
those around a black hole, including the feature of an unstable photon orbit,
from which light spirals into the optical black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150236 </DOCNO>
Ten-Dimensional Supergravity Constraints from the Pure Spinor Formalism


  It has recently been shown that the ten-dimensional superstring can be
quantized using the BRST operator $Q=\oint\lambda^\alpha d_\alpha$ where
$\lambda^\alpha$ is a pure spinor satisfying $\lambda \gamma^m \lambda=0$ and
$d_\alpha$ is the fermionic supersymmetric derivative. In this paper, the pure
spinor version of superstring theory is formulated in a curved supergravity
background and it is shown that nilpotency and holomorphicity of the pure
spinor BRST operator imply the on-shell superspace constraints of the
supergravity background. This is shown to lowest order in $\alpha'$ for the
heterotic and Type II superstrings, thus providing a compact pure spinor
version of the ten-dimensional superspace constraints for N=1, Type IIA and
Type IIB supergravities. Since quantization is straightforward using the pure
spinor version of the superstring, it is expected that these methods can also
be used to compute higher-order $\alpha'$ corrections to the ten-dimensional
superspace constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74760 </DOCNO>
Production of Heavy Quarks in Deep-Inelastic Lepton-Hadron Scattering


  We will give a review of the computation of exact next-to-leading order
corrections to heavy quark production in deep inelastic lepton-hadron
scattering and discuss the progress made in this field over the past ten years.
In this approach, hereafter called EXACT, where the heavy quark mass is taken
to be of the same order of magnitude as the other large scales in the process,
one can apply perturbation theory in all orders of the strong coupling constant
alpha_s. The results are compared with another approach, called the variable
flavor number scheme (VFNS), where the heavy quark is also treated as a
massless quark. It turns out that the differences between the two approaches
are very small provided both of them are carried out up to
next-to-next-to-leading order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126840 </DOCNO>
First XMM-Newton observations of strongly magnetic cataclysmic variables


  We present an analysis of the X-ray spectra of two strongly magnetic
cataclysmic variables, DP Leo and WW Hor, made using XMM-Newton. Both systems
were in intermediate levels of accretion. Hard optically thin X-ray emission
from the shocked accreting gas was detected from both systems, while a soft
blackbody X-ray component from the heated surface was detected only in DP Leo.
We suggest that the lack of a soft X-ray component in WW Hor is due to the fact
that the accretion area is larger than in previous observations with a
resulting lower temperature for the re-processed hard X-rays. Using a
multi-temperature model of the post-shock flow, we estimate that the white
dwarf in both systems has a mass greater than 1 Msun. The implications of this
result are discussed. We demonstrate that the `soft X-ray excess' observed in
many magnetic cataclysmic variables can be partially attributed to using an
inappropriate model for the hard X-ray emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74065 </DOCNO>
Quark mass dependence of the one-loop three-gluon vertex in arbitrary


  The one-loop off-shell massive quark contribution to the three-gluon vertex
is calculated in an arbitrary space-time dimension. The results for all
relevant on-shell and symmetric limits are obtained directly from the general
off-shell results. The analytic structure of the results for the relevant
massive scalar integrals is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74649 </DOCNO>
New constraints on ultrashort-ranged Yukawa interactions from atomic


  Models in which the gravitational and gauge interactions are unified at ~1
TeV lead to the possibility that large extra dimensions would produce
Yukawa-type corrections to the Newtonian gravitational law at small distances.
In some models with n = 3 extra dimensions, deviations from Newtonian gravity
would occur at separations ~5 nm, a distance scale accessible to an atomic
force microscope (AFM). Here we present constraints on the Yukawa corrections
derived from the latest AFM Casimir force measurement by Mohideen, et al. which
are up to 19 times stronger than those obtained from their previous experiment.
We then discuss new designs for AFM experiments which have the potential to
significantly improve upon these constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174860 </DOCNO>
Studies of reaction dynamics in the Fermi energy domain


  An overview of recent results on reaction dynamics in the energy region 20 -
50 A.MeV is given. The results of the study of projectile multifragmentation
using the detector array FAUST are presented. Reaction mechanism is determined
and thermodynamical properties of the hot quasiprojectile are investigated.
Preliminary results on fragment isospin asymmetry obtained using the 4$\pi$
detector array NIMROD are given. Procedure for selecting centrality in
two-dimensional multiplicity histograms is described. Possibility to extract
thermodynamical temperature from systematics of isotope ratios is investigated.
Reaction mechanism leading to production of hot sources is discussed.
Furthermore, the possibilities for production of rare isotopes are discussed
and recent experimental results obtained using recoil separator MARS are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98731 </DOCNO>
On Algebraic Hyperbolicity of Log Varieties


  Fix a very general hypersurface D in P^n of degree at least 2n + 1 and we
show that the complement P^n - D does not contain any algebraic torus C^*.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40807 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter and SUSY: LEP results


  The negative outcome of searches for supersymmetry performed at LEP have been
used to derive indirect constraints on the parameters of the most plausible
supersymmetric candidates for cold dark matter, in particular for the lightest
neutralino. We review the basic ideas leading to the present lower limit on the
lightest neutralino mass of about 37 GeV, with emphasis on the underlying
assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98134 </DOCNO>
On families of triangular Hopf algebras


  Following the ideas of our previous works math.QA/0008232 (joint with
Andruskiewitsch) and math.QA/0101049, we study families of triangular Hopf
algebras obtained by twisting finite supergroups by a twist lying entirely in
the odd part. These families are parametrized by data (G,V,u,B), where G is a
finite group, V its finite dimensional representation, u a central element of G
of order 2 acting by -1 on V, and B an element of S^2V. We fix the discrete
data G,V,u, and find the set of isomorphism classes of the members of the
family as Hopf algebras, in terms of the continuous parameter B. This set is
often infinite, which provides examples of nontrivial continuous families of
triangular Hopf algebras. The lowest dimension in which such a family occurs is
32, in which case we get 3 families which are dual to the 3 families of pointed
Hopf algebras of dimension 32 constructed recently by Grana. Furthermore, we
show that if (S^2V)^G=0 then such continuous families are nontrivial not only
up to a Hopf algebra isomorphism, but also up to twisting of the
multiplication. Thus, they provide counterexamples to Masuoka's weakened
Kaplansky's 10th conjecture, which claims that up to twisting, there are
finitely many types of Hopf algebras in each dimension. Finally, we study the
algebra structure of the duals of our families, and show they are direct sums
of Clifford algebras. Since there are finitely many types of Clifford algebras
in each dimension, this allows us to construct nontrivial families of rigid
tensor structures on the abelian category of modules over a finite dimensional
algebra, with a fixed Grothendieck ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128220 </DOCNO>
Thermal emission from low-field neutron stars


  We present a new grid of LTE model atmospheres for weakly magnetic
(B<=10e10G) neutron stars, using opacity and equation of state data from the
OPAL project and employing a fully frequency- and angle-dependent radiation
transfer. We discuss the differences from earlier models, including a
comparison with a detailed NLTE calculation. We suggest heating of the outer
layers of the neutron star atmosphere as an explanation for the featureless
X-ray spectra of RX J1856.5-3754 and RX J0720.4-3125 recently observed with
Chandra and XMM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76566 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Correlations in WW Events at LEP2


  Analyses of Bose-Einstein Correlations in $\rW^{+}\rW^{-}$ events at LEP2 by
the four LEP collaborations are presented. In particular, Bose-Einstein
correlations in $\rW^{+}\rW^{-}$ overlap are investigated and the possible
existence of these correlations between particles coming from different W's,
which may influence the W-mass measurements in the fully hadronic channel
$\re^{+}\re^{-}\to \rW^{+}\rW^{-}\to\rq_1 \bar{\rq}_2 \rq_3 \bar{\rq}_4 $. No
evidence for such an inter-W Bose-Einstein correlation is found. The results
are preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85856 </DOCNO>
Bianchi VIII Empty Futures


  Using a qualitative analysis based on the Hamiltonian formalism and the
orthonormal frame representation we investigate whether the chaotic behaviour
which occurs close to the initial singularity is still present in the far
future of Bianchi VIII models. We describe some features of the vacuum Bianchi
VIII models at late times which might be relevant for studying the nature of
the future asymptote of the general vacuum inhomogeneous solution to the
Einstein field equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125230 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared template spectra of normal galaxies: k-corrections, galaxy


  We have observed 28 local galaxies in the wavelength range between 1 and 2.4
mic in order to define template spectra of the normal galaxies along the Hubble
sequence. Five galaxies per morphological type were observed in most cases, and
the resulting RMS spread of the normalized spectra of each class, including
both intrinsic differences and observational uncertainties, is about 1% in K,
2% in H and 3% in J. Many absorption features can be accurately measured. The
target galaxies and the spectroscopic aperture (7"x53") were chosen to be
similar to those used by Kinney et al. (1996) to define template UV and optical
spectra. The two data sets are matched in order to build representative spectra
between 0.1 and 2.4 mic. The continuum shape of the optical spectra and the
relative normalization of the near-IR ones were set to fit the average
effective colours of the galaxies of the various Hubble classes. The resulting
spectra are used to compute the k-corrections of the normal galaxies in the
near-IR bands and to check the predictions of various spectral synthesis
models: while the shape of the continuum is generally well predicted, large
discrepancies are found in the absorption lines. Among the other possible
applications, here we also show how these spectra can be used to place
constraints on the dominant stellar population in local galaxies. Spectra and
k-corrections are publicly available and can be downloaded from the web site
http://www.arcetri.astro.it/~filippo/spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86643 </DOCNO>
Group-theoretic Approach for Symbolic Tensor Manipulation: II. Dummy


  Computational Group Theory is applied to indexed objects (tensors, spinors,
and so on) with dummy indices. There are two groups to consider: one describes
the intrinsic symmetries of the object and the other describes the interchange
of names of dummy indices. The problem of finding canonical forms for indexed
objects with dummy indices reduces to finding double coset canonical
representatives. Well known computational group algorithms are applied to index
manipulation, which allow to address the simplification of expressions with
hundreds of indices going further to what is needed in practical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174851 </DOCNO>
Coulomb-Nuclear Coupling and Interference Effects in the Breakup of Halo


  Nuclear and Coulomb breakup of halo nuclei have been treated often as
incoherent processes and structure information have been extracted from their
study. The aim of this paper is to clarify whether interference effects and
Coulomb-nuclear couplings are important and how they could modify the simple
picture previously used.
  We calculate the neutron angular and energy distributions by using first
order perturbation theory for the Coulomb amplitude and an eikonal approach for
the nuclear breakup. This allows for a simple physical interpretation of the
results which are mostly analytical. Our formalism includes the effect of the
nuclear distortion of the neutron wave function on the Coulomb amplitude. This
leads to a Coulomb-nuclear coupling term derived here for the first time which
gives a small contribution for light targets but is of the same order of
magnitude as nuclear breakup for heavy targets. The overall interference is
constructive for light to medium targets and destructive for heavy targets.
Thus it appears that Coulomb breakup experiments need to be analyzed with more
accurate models than those used so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129026 </DOCNO>
Structure of Proton Component of Neutron Star Matter for Realistic


  We study properties of the proton component of neutron star matter for a
number of realistic nuclear models. Protons which form a few percent admixture
tend to be localized in potential wells corresponding to neutron matter
inhomogeneities created by the protons in the neutron medium. We calculate the
energy of the Wigner-Seitz cell enclosing a single localized proton. The
neutron background is treated in the Thomas-Fermi approximation and the
localized proton is described by the Gaussian wave function. The neutron
density profile is obtained by solving the appropriate variational equation.
This approach gives lower energies of localized protons than obtained
previously with less sophisticated methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128190 </DOCNO>
High resolution observations and mass modelling of the CLASS


  We present a series of high resolution radio and optical observations of the
CLASS gravitational lens system B1152+199 obtained with the Multi-Element
Radio-Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN), Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)
and Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Based on the milliarcsecond-scale
substructure of the lensed radio components and precise optical astrometry for
the lensing galaxy, we construct models for the system and place constraints on
the galaxy mass profile. For a single galaxy model with surface mass density
Sigma(r) propto r^-beta, we find that 0.95 < beta < 1.21 at 2-sigma confidence.
Including a second deflector to represent a possible satellite galaxy of the
primary lens leads to slightly steeper mass profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126498 </DOCNO>
Diagnostics of composite starburst+Seyfert 2 nuclei: Hints on the


  We present a simple population synthesis scheme which recognizes composite
starburst+Seyfert 2 nuclei from a few easy-to-obtain optical measurements.
Composite systems seem to evolve towards less luminous Seyfert 2's which do not
harbor detectable circum-nuclear starbursts. We encourage applications of this
cheap diagnostic tool to large samples of Seyfert 2's, as well as its extension
to other activity classes, in order to test and refine this evolutionary
scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113677 </DOCNO>
Bifurcation of gap solitons through catastrophe theory


  In the theory of optical gap solitons, slowly-moving finite-amplitude
Lorentzian solutions are found to mediate the transition from bright to
coexistent dark-antidark solitary wave pairs when the laser frequency is
detuned out of the proper edge of a dynamical photonic bandgap. Catastrophe
theory is applied to give a geometrical description of this strongly
asymmetrical 'morphing' process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127070 </DOCNO>
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of the Intergalactic and Interstellar


  We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) observations of the
molecular, neutral atomic, weakly ionized, and highly ionized components of the
interstellar and intergalactic material toward the quasar 3C 273. We identify
Ly-beta absorption in 8 of the known intergalactic Ly-alpha absorbers along the
sight line with rest-frame equivalent widths greater than 50 mA. Refined
estimates of the H I column densities and Doppler parameters (b) of the clouds
are presented. We find a range of b = 16-46 km/s. We detect multiple H I lines
(Ly-beta - Ly-theta) in the 1590 km/s Virgo absorber and estimate log N(H I) =
15.85, ten times more H I than in all of the other absorbers along the sight
line combined. The Doppler width of this absorber, b ~ 16 km/s, implies T <
15,000 K. We detect O VI absorption at 1015 km/s at the 2-3 sigma level that
may be associated with hot, X-ray emitting gas in the Virgo Cluster. We detect
weak C III and O VI absorption in the IGM at z=0.12007; this absorber is
predominantly ionized and has N(H+)/N(H I) > 4000/Z, where Z is the
metallicity. Strong Galactic interstellar O VI is present between -100 and +100
km/s, with an additional high-velocity wing containing about 13% of the total O
VI between +100 and +240 km/s. The broad O VI absorption wing likely traces the
expulsion of hot gas out of the Galactic disk into the halo. A limit on the
amount of diffuse O VI emission present 3.5 arc minutes off the sight line
combined with the observed O VI column density toward 3C 273, implies n_e <
0.02 cm^-3 and P/k < 11,500 cm^-3 K for an assumed temperature of 3x10^5 K.
(abbreviated version)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96281 </DOCNO>
Geophysical modelling with Colombeau functions: Microlocal properties


  In global seismology Earth's properties of fractal nature occur.
  Zygmund classes appear as the most appropriate and systematic way to measure
this local fractality. For the purpose of seismic wave propagation, we model
the Earth's properties as Colombeau generalized functions. In one spatial
dimension, we have a precise characterization of Zygmund regularity in
Colombeau algebras. This is made possible via a relation between mollifiers and
wavelets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81304 </DOCNO>
FermiQCD: A tool kit for parallel lattice QCD applications


  We present here the most recent version of FermiQCD, a collection of C++
classes, functions and parallel algorithms for lattice QCD, based on Matrix
Distributed Processing. FermiQCD allows fast development of parallel lattice
applications and includes some SSE2 optimizations for clusters of Pentium 4
PCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5630 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of periodic curved surfaces -- topological band


  Electronic band structure for electrons bound on periodic minimal surfaces is
differential-geometrically formulated and numerically calculated. We focus on
minimal surfaces because they are not only mathematically elegant (with the
surface characterized completely in terms of "navels") but represent the
topology of real systems such as zeolites and negative-curvature fullerene. The
band structure turns out to be primarily determined by the topology of the
surface, i.e., how the wavefunction interferes on a multiply-connected surface,
so that the bands are little affected by the way in which we confine the
electrons on the surface (thin-slab limit or zero thickness from the outset).
Another curiosity is that different minimal surfaces connected by the Bonnet
transformation (such as Schwarz's P- and D-surfaces) possess one-to-one
correspondence in their band energies at Brillouin zone boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1033 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation induced first order phase transition in thin films of type I


  The effect of fluctuation induced weakly first order phase transition known
for three dimensional (3D) type I superconductors appears in a modified and
strongly enhanced variant in thin (quasi-2D) superconducting films. The unusual
thermodynamic properties of this new type of first order phase transitions and
the possibility for an experimental verification of the effect are established
and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76905 </DOCNO>
Combining Supersymmetric Dark Matter with Recent Accelerator Data


  In the framework of the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model we
discuss the impact of the recent experimental information, especially from the
E821 Brookhaven experiment on $g_{\mu}-2$ along with the light Higgs boson mass
bound from LEP, in delineating regions of the parameters which are consistent
with cosmological data. The effect of these to the Dark Matter direct searches
is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168609 </DOCNO>
Role of causality in ensuring unconditional security of relativistic


  The problem of unconditional security of quantum cryptography (i.e. the
security which is guaranteed by the fundamental laws of nature rather than by
technical limitations) is one of the central points in quantum information
theory. We propose a relativistic quantum cryptosystem and prove its
unconditional security against any eavesdropping attempts. Relativistic
causality arguments allow to demonstrate the security of the system in a simple
way. Since the proposed protocol does not employ collective measurements and
quantum codes, the cryptosystem can be experimentally realized with the present
state-of-art in fiber optics technologies. The proposed cryptosystem employs
only the individual measurements and classical codes and, in addition, the key
distribution problem allows to postpone the choice of the state encoding scheme
until after the states are already received instead of choosing it before
sending the states into the communication channel (i.e. to employ a sort of
``antedate'' coding).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127482 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Analysis of Two Carbon Rich Post-AGB Stars


  The chemical compositions of the C-rich pAGB stars IRAS 05113+1347 and IRAS
22272+5424 are determined from high-resolution optical spectra using standard
LTE model atmosphere-based techniques. The stars are C, N, and $s$-process
enriched suggesting efficient operation of the third-dredge up in the AGB star
following a first dredge-up that increased the N abundance. Lithium is present
with an abundance requiring Li manufacture. With this pair, abundance analyses
are now available for 11 C-rich pAGBs. A common history is indicated and, in
particular, the $s$-abundances, especially the relative abundances of light to
heavy $s$-process elements, follow recent predictions for the third dredge-up
in AGB stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 193 </DOCNO>
Distribution of Traffic Penalties in Rio de Janeiro


  Brazilian drivers caught in traffic violations accumulate points in their
official personal files. Here, we analyse the distribution probability of these
data, for the state of Rio de Janeiro, where 4199 drivers accumulated 20 or
more penalty points during one year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169268 </DOCNO>
The Quantum State of a Propagating Laser Field


  Optical implementations of quantum communication protocols typically involve
laser fields. However, the standard description of the quantum state of a laser
field is surprisingly insufficient to understand the quantum nature of such
implementations. In this paper, we give a quantum information-theoretic
description of a propagating continuous-wave laser field and reinterpret
various quantum-optical experiments in light of this. A timely example is found
in a recent controversy about the quantum teleportation of continuous
variables. We show that contrary to the claims of T. Rudolph and B. C. Sanders
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 077903 (2001)], a conventional laser can be used for
quantum teleportation with continuous variables and for generating
continuous-variable quantum entanglement. Furthermore, we show that optical
coherent states do play a privileged role in the description of propagating
laser fields even though they cannot be ascribed such a role for the
intracavity field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87248 </DOCNO>
Analog Electromagnetism in a Symmetrized $^3$He-A


  We derive a low temperature effective action for the order parameter in a
symmetrized phase A of helium 3, where the Fermi velocity equals the
transversal velocity of low energy fermionic quasiparticles. The effective
action has a form of the electromagnetic action. This analog electromagnetism
is a part of the program to derive analog gravity and the standard model as a
low energy effective theory in a condensed matter system. For the analog gauge
field to satisfy the Maxwell equations interactions in $^3$He require special
tuning that leads to the symmetric case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123594 </DOCNO>
Issues in Blazar Research


  As an overview of blazar research, we briefly discuss some of the themes of
this conference, including the various types of blazars, blazar samples and
selection effects, unified schemes, evolution, and jet physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126659 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of U Geminorum During Outburst and Decline


  We have obtained FUV (904 -- 1187 \AA) spectra of U Gem in outburst with
FUSE. Three of the observations were acquired during the plateau phase of the
outburst, while the fourth was obtained during late outburst decline. The
plateau spectra have continuum shapes and fluxes that are approximated by
steady-state accretion disk model spectra with $\dot{m} \simeq$ 7e-09 M_sun/yr.
The spectra also show numerous absorption lines of H I, He II, and two- to
five-times ionized transitions of C, N, O, P, S and Si. There are no emission
features in the spectra, with the possible exception of a weak feature on the
red wing of the O VI doublet. The absorption lines are narrow (FWHM ~ 500
km/s), too narrow to arise from the disk photosphere, and at low velocities (<=
700 km/s). The S VI and O VI doublets are optically thick. The absorption lines
in the plateau spectra show orbital variability: in spectra obtained at orbital
phases 0.53 -- 0.79, low-ionization absorption lines appear and the central
depths of the pre-existing lines increase. The increase in line absorption
occurs at the same orbital phases as previously observed EUV and X-ray light
curve dips. If the absorbing material is in (near-) Keplerian rotation around
the disk, it must be located at large disk radii. The final observation
occurred when U Gem was about two magnitudes from optical quiescence. The
spectra are dominated by emission from an $\simeq$43,000 K, metal-enriched
white dwarf (WD). The inferred radius of the WD is 4.95e+08 cm, close to that
observed in quiescence. Allowing for a hot heated region on the surface of the
WD improves the fit to the spectrum at short (< 960 \AA) wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77140 </DOCNO>
Chiral Lagrangian approach to the J/psi breakup cross section


  We summarize the results of the SU(4) chiral meson Lagrangian approach to the
cross section for J/psi breakup by pion and rho meson impact and suggest a new
scheme for the introduction of formfactors for the meson-meson interaction.
This scheme respects the fact that on the quark level of description the
contact and the meson exchange diagrams are constructed by so-called box and
triangle diagrams which contain a different number of vertex functions for the
quark-meson coupling. A model calculation for Gaussian vertex functions is
presented and the relative importance of contact and meson exchange processes
is discussed. We evaluate the dependence of the breakup cross section on the
masses of the final D-meson states which can be used for the study of in-medium
effects on this quantity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77075 </DOCNO>
Simulation of Dimensionally Reduced SYM-Chern-Simons Theory


  A supersymmetric formulation of a three-dimensional SYM-Chern-Simons theory
using light-cone quantization is presented, and the supercharges are calculated
in light-cone gauge. The theory is dimensionally reduced by requiring all
fields to be independent of the transverse dimension. The result is a
non-trivial two-dimensional supersymmetric theory with an adjoint scalar and an
adjoint fermion. We perform a numerical simulation of this SYM-Chern-Simons
theory in 1+1 dimensions using SDLCQ (Supersymmetric Discrete Light-Cone
Quantization). We find that the character of the bound states of this theory is
very different from previously considered two-dimensional supersymmetric gauge
theories. The low-energy bound states of this theory are very ``QCD-like.'' The
wave functions of some of the low mass states have a striking valence
structure. We present the valence and sea parton structure functions of these
states. In addition, we identify BPS-like states which are almost independent
of the coupling. Their masses are proportional to their parton number in the
large-coupling limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169252 </DOCNO>
The feasible generation of entangled photon states by using linear


  We present a feasible scheme to produce a polarization-entangled photon
states $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(|H>|V>+|V>|H>)$ in a controllable way. This scheme
requires single-photon sources, linear optical elements and photon detectors.
It generates the entanglement of spatially separated photons. The interaction
takes place in the photon detectors. We also show that the same idea can be
used to produce the entangled $N$-photon state
$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(|0,N>+|N,0>)$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168450 </DOCNO>
Unambiguous Discrimination Between Linearly Dependent States with


  A set of quantum states can be unambiguously discriminated if and only if
they are linearly independent. However, for a linearly dependent set, if C
copies of the state are available, then the resulting C particle states may
form a linearly independent set, and be amenable to unambiguous discrimination.
We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the possibility of
unambiguous discrimination between N states given that C copies are available
and that the single copies span a D dimensional space. These conditions are
found to be identical for qubits. We then examine in detail the linearly
dependent trine ensemble. The set of C>1 copies of each state is a set of
linearly independent lifted trine states. The maximum unambiguous
discrimination probability is evaluated for all C>1 with equal a priori
probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72848 </DOCNO>
Multiple Parton Scattering in Nuclei: Parton Energy Loss


  Multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss is studied in
deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off nuclei. The effect of multiple scattering
of a highly off-shell quark and the induced parton energy loss is expressed in
terms of the modification to the quark fragmentation functions. We derive such
modified quark fragmentation functions and their QCD evolution equations in DIS
using generalized factorization of higher twist parton distributions. We
consider double-hard, hard-soft parton scattering as well as their
interferences in the same framework. The final result, which depends on both
the diagonal and off-diagonal twist-four parton distributions in nuclei,
demonstrates clearly the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal interference features and
predicts a unique nuclear modification of the quark fragmentation functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98180 </DOCNO>
q-deformed KZB heat equation: completeness, modular properties and


  We study the properties of one-dimensional hypergeometric integral solutions
of the q-difference ("quantum") analogue of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard
equations on tori. We show that they also obey a difference KZB heat equation
in the modular parameter, give formulae for modular transformations, and prove
a completeness result, by showing that the associated Fourier transform is
invertible. These results are based on SL(3,Z) transformation properties
parallel to those of elliptic gamma functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4198 </DOCNO>
Counting statistics for entangled electrons


  The counting statistics (CS) for charges passing through a coherent conductor
is the most general quantity that characterizes electronic transport. CS not
only depends on the transport properties of the conductor but also depends on
the correlations among particles which compose the incident beam. In this paper
we present general results for the CS of entangled electron pairs traversing a
beam splitter and we show that the probability that Q charges have passed is
not binomial, as in the uncorrelated case, but rather it is symmetric with
respect to the average transferred charge. We furthermore consider the joint
probability for transmitted charges of a given spin and we show that the
signature of entanglement distinctly appears in a correlation which is not
present for the non-entangled case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75472 </DOCNO>
Exclusive Decay of $1^{--}$ Quarkonia and $B_c$ Meson into a Lepton Pair


  We study the exclusive decay of $J/\Psi$, $\Upsilon$ and $B_c$ into a lepton
pair combined with two pions in the two kinematic regions. One is specified by
the two pions having large momenta, but a small invariant mass. The other is
specified by the two pions having small momenta. In both cases we find that in
the heavy quark limit the decay amplitude takes a factorized form, in which the
nonperturbative effect related to heavy meson is represented by a NRQCD matrix
element. The nonperturbative effects related to the two pions are represented
by some universal functions characterizing the conversion of gluons into the
pions. Using models for these universal functions and chiral perturbative
theory we are able to obtain numerical predictions for the decay widths. Our
numerical results show that the decay of $\jpsi$ is at order of $10^{-5}$ with
reasonable cuts and can be observed at BES II and the proposed BES III and
CLEO-C. For other decays the branching ratio may be too small to be measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169440 </DOCNO>
Entanglement in the Dicke model


  We show how an ion trap, configured for the coherent manipulation of external
and internal quantum states, can be used to simulate the irreversible dynamics
of a collective angular momentum model known as the Dicke model. In the special
case of two ions, we show that entanglement is created in the coherently driven
steady state with linear driving. For the case of more than two ions we
calculate the entanglement between two ions in the steady state of the Dicke
model by tracing over all the other ions. The entanglement in the steady state
is a maximum for the parameter values corresponding roughly to a bifurcation of
a fixed point in the corresponding semiclassical dynamics. We conjecture that
this is a general mechanism for entanglement creation in driven dissipative
quantum systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168065 </DOCNO>
Bipartite maximally entangled nonorthorgonal states


  We give conditions under which general bipartite entangled nonorthogonal
states become maximally entangled states. By the conditions we construct a
large class of entangled nonorthogonal states with exact one ebit of
entanglement in both bipartite and multipartite systems. One remarkable
property is that the amount of entanglement in this class of states is
independent on the parameters involved in the states. Finally we discuss how to
generate the bipartite maximally entangled nonorthogonal states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5778 </DOCNO>
A Classification of Non-Hermitian Random Matrices


  We present a classification of non-hermitian random matrices based on
implementing commuting discrete symmetries. It contains 43 classes. This
generalizes the classification of hermitian random matrices due to
Altland-Zirnbauer and it also extends the Ginibre ensembles of non-hermitian
matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73544 </DOCNO>
Quark mass effects in B -> Xs gamma


  The charm-loop contribution to B -> Xs gamma is found to be numerically
dominant and very stable under logarithmic QCD corrections. The strong
enhancement of the branching ratio by QCD logarithms is mainly due to the
b-quark mass evolution in the top-quark sector. These observations allow us to
achieve better control over residual scale dependence at the next-to-leading
order. Furthermore, we observe that the sensitivity of the matrix element < Xs
gamma | (sc)_(V-A)(cb)_(V-A) | b > to mc/mb is the source of a sizeable
uncertainty that has not been properly taken into account in previous analyses.
Replacing mc^pole/mb^pole in this matrix element by the more appropriate
mc(mu)/mb^pole with mc < mu < mb causes an 11% enhancement of the SM prediction
for BR[B -> Xs gamma]. For E_gamma > 1.6 GeV in the B-meson rest frame, we find
BR[ B -> Xs gamma]_{E_gamma > 1.6 GeV} = (3.60 +_ 0.30) * 10^-4. The difference
between our result and the current experimental world average is consistent
with zero at the level of 1 sigma. We also discuss the implementation of new
physics effects in our calculation. The lower bound on the charged Higgs boson
mass in 2HDM(II) is found the be higher than 350 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127642 </DOCNO>
The First Known Mira-type Variable Star in IC 1613


  King, Modjaz, & Li (1999) discovered Nova 1999 in IC1613 at Lick Observatory.
Both Fugazza et al. (2000) and Borissova et al. (2000) questioned this
classification, because they were able to detect the star on images obtained in
previous years. In infrared frames taken on Oct. 15, 1998, the Nova 1999 has
(J-K) = 1.14 and K = 14.69 mag. Our light curve study, based primarily on 92
unfiltered Lick images, suggested that the object could be a Mira-type variable
with a period of 640.7 days. This period is very close to that obtained by
Fugazza et al. (2000) - 631 days. The star is overluminous with respect to the
period-luminosity (PL) relation derived by Feast et al. (1989) for Mira
variables in the LMC. At longer periods (P > 400 ~ days), many LMC Miras show
such behavior and the PL relation appears to break down. It is possible that
the situation in IC1613 is similar. An optical spectrum obtained with the
Keck-II telescope shows features typical of M3Ie or M3IIIe stars. We conclude
that the star is a normal long-period M-type Mira variable, the first such star
confirmed in IC1613.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128662 </DOCNO>
Detection of Galaxy Spin Alignments in the PSCz Shear Field


  We report the first direct observational evidence for alignment of galaxy
spin axes with the local tidal shear field. We measure quantitatively the
strength of this directional correlation of disk galaxies from the Tully
catalog with the local shear field reconstructed from PSCz galaxies. We
demonstrate that the null hypothesis of random galaxy alignments relative to
the shear frame can be ruled out more than 99.98 % confidence. The observed
intrinsic correlation averaged over the censored samples that have detected
non-zero signals is measured in terms of the alignment parameter 'a=0.17 +/-
0.04', which includes only statistical errors of the censored data, but not the
cosmic variance error. The reconstruction procedure is likely to underestimates
'a' systematically. Our result is consistent with the linear tidal torque
model, and supports the idea that the present galaxy spins may be used as a
probe of primordial tidal shear and mass density fields. The intrinsic
alignments of galaxy spins dominate over weak gravitational lensing for shallow
surveys such like SDSS, while it should be negligible for deeper surveys at z ~
1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40860 </DOCNO>
Determination of the e+e- -> gamma gamma (gamma) cross-section at


  A test of the QED process e+e- -> gamma gamma (gamma) is reported. The data
analysed were collected with the DELPHI detector in 1998 and 1999 at the
highest energies achieved at LEP, reaching 202 GeV in the centre-of-mass. The
total integrated luminosity amounts to 375.7 pb^{-1}. The differential and
total cross-sections for the process e+e- -> gamma gamma were measured, and
found to be in agreement with the QED prediction. 95% Confidence Level (C.L.)
lower limits on the QED cut-off parameters of Lambda+ > 330 GeV and Lambda- >
320 GeV were derived. A 95% C.L. lower bound on the mass of an excited electron
of 311 GeV/c^2 (for lambda_gamma = 1) was obtained. s-channel virtual graviton
exchange was searched for, resulting in 95% C.L. lower limits on the string
mass scale, M_S: M_S > 713 GeV/c^2 (lambda = 1) and M_S > 691 GeV/c^2 (lambda =
-1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125164 </DOCNO>
Tidally-induced Super Star Clusters in M82


  Using new HST imaging, we identify a large, evolved system of super star
clusters in a disk region just outside the starburst core in the prototypical
starburst galaxy M82, ``M82 B.'' This region has been suspected to be a fossil
starburst site in which an intense episode of star formation occurred over 100
Myr ago, which is now confirmed by our derived age distribution. It suggests
steady, continuing cluster formation at a modest rate at early times (> 2 Gyr
ago), followed by a concentrated formation episode ~600 Myr ago and more recent
suppression of cluster formation. The peak episode coincides with independent
dynamical estimates for the last tidal encounter with M81.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96143 </DOCNO>
Some examples of classical coboundary Lie bialgebras with coboundary


  Some examples are given of finite dimensional Lie bialgebras whose brackets
and cobrackets are determined by pairs of $r$-matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41389 </DOCNO>
Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Particle Multiplicities and Transverse


  Event-by-event fluctuations in the multiplicities of charged particles and
photons, and the total transverse energy in 158$\cdot A$ GeV Pb+Pb collisions
are studied for a wide range of centralities. For narrow centrality bins the
multiplicity and transverse energy distributions are found to be near perfect
Gaussians. The effect of detector acceptance on the multiplicity fluctuations
has been studied and demonstrated to follow statistical considerations. The
centrality dependence of the charged particle multiplicity fluctuations in the
measured data has been found to agree reasonably well with those obtained from
a participant model. However for photons the multiplicity fluctuations has been
found to be lower compared to those obtained from a participant model. The
multiplicity and transverse energy fluctuations have also been compared to
those obtained from the VENUS event generator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98022 </DOCNO>
A new construction of Einstein self-dual metrics


  We give a new construction of Ricci-flat self-dual metrics which is a natural
extension of the Gibbons--Hawking ansatz. We also give characterisations of
both these constructions, and explain how they come from harmonic morphisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 613 </DOCNO>
Heat conduction in a one-dimensional gas of elastically colliding


  We study the nonequlibrium state of heat conduction in a one-dimensional
system of hard point particles of unequal masses interacting through elastic
collisions. A BBGKY-type formulation is presented and some exact results are
obtained from it. Extensive numerical simulations for the two-mass problem
indicate that even for arbitrarily small mass differences, a nontrivial steady
state is obtained. This state exhibits local thermal equilibrium and has a
temperature profile in accordance with the predictions of kinetic theory. The
temperature jumps typically seen in such studies are shown to be finite-size
effects. The thermal conductivity appears to have a very slow divergence with
system size, different from that seen in most other systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3226 </DOCNO>
The critical exponent of the localization length at the Anderson


  In a recent communication to the cond-mat archives, Suslov [cond-mat/0105325]
severely criticizes a multitude of numerical results obtained by various groups
for the critical exponent $\nu$ of the localization length at the
disorder-induced metal-insulator transition in the three-dimensional Anderson
model of localization as ``entirely absurd'' and ``evident desinformation''.
These claims are based on the observation that there still is a large
disagreement between analytical, numerical and experimental results for the
critical exponent. The author proposes, based on a ``simple procedure to deal
with corrections to scaling'', that the numerical data support nu approx 1,
whereas recent numerical papers find nu = 1.58 +/- 0.06.
  As we show here, these claims are entirely wrong. The proposed scheme does
neither yield any improved accuracy when compared to the existing finite-size
scaling methods, nor does it give nu approx 1 when applied to high-precision
data. Rather, high-precision numerics with error epsilon approx 0.1% together
with all available finite-size-scaling methods evidently produce a critical
exponent nu approx 1.58.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1087 </DOCNO>
Hole Superconductivity in $Mg B_2$: a high $T_c$ cuprate without Cu


  The theory of hole superconductivity explains high temperature
superconductivity in cuprates as driven by pairing of hole carriers in oxygen
$p\pi$ orbitals in the highly negatively charged $Cu-O$ planes. The pairing
mechanism is hole undressing and is Coulomb-interaction driven. We propose that
the planes of $B$ atoms in $Mg B_2$ are akin to the $Cu-O$ planes without $Cu$,
and that the recently observed high temperature superconductivity in $Mg B_2$
arises similarly from undressing of hole carriers in the planar boron $p_{x,y}$
orbitals in the negatively charged $B^-$ planes. Doping $Mg B_2$ with electrons
and with holes should mirror the behavior of underdoped and overdoped high
$T_c$ cuprates respectively. We discuss possible ways to achieve higher
transition temperatures in boron compounds based on this theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2171 </DOCNO>
Quantum Coherence of double-well BEc: a new approach


  Macroscopic quantum coherence of Bose gas in a double-well potential is
studied based on SU(2)-coherent-state path-integral. In this picture, one can
easily obtain Schr\"{o}dinger cat states for attractive Bose gas. The coherent
gap of degenerate ground states is shown clearly with the instanton technique.
And it is found that the essential coherence property of BEC leads to the
stability of Schr\"{o}dinger cat states over a wide range of parameters. The
phenomenon of macroscopic quantum self-trapping is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113750 </DOCNO>
The Phase Diagram of QCD


  I use simple thermodynamic reasoning to argue that at temperatures of order a
trillion kelvin, QCD, the theory which describes strongly interacting particles
such as protons and neutrons under normal conditions, undergoes a phase
transition to a plasma of more elementary constituents called quarks and
gluons. I review what is known about the plasma phase both from theoretical
calculations and from experiments involving the collisions of large atomic
nuclei moving at relativistic speeds. Finally I consider the behaviour of
nuclear material under conditions of extreme density, and discuss possible
exotic phenomena such as quark matter and color superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2912 </DOCNO>
Heat conduction in the disordered harmonic chain revisited


  A general formulation is developed to study heat conduction in disordered
harmonic chains with arbitrary heat baths that satisfy the
fluctuation-dissipation theorem. A simple formal expression for the heat
current J is obtained, from which its asymptotic system-size (N) dependence is
extracted. It is shown that the ``thermal conductivity'' depends not just on
the system itself but also on the spectral properties of the fluctuation and
noise used to model the heat baths. As special cases of our heat baths we
recover earlier results which reported that for fixed boundaries $J \sim
1/N^{3/2}$, while for free boundaries $J \sim 1/N^{1/2}$. For other choices we
find that one can get other power laws including the ``Fourier behaviour'' $J
\sim 1/N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4726 </DOCNO>
Flexoelectric surface switching of bistable nematic devices


  We report on a novel method of dynamically controlling the boundary
conditions at the surface of a nematic liquid crystal using a surface
flexoelectric effect. By moving the surface directors we show that one is able
to manipulate defects which lie near the surface. This can be used to produce
switching of a nematic liquid crystal device between two states with very
similar free energies. This results in a bistable device that can retain either
state with no applied voltage. Switching between the states occurs when the
movement of the surface directors rotates those in the bulk which are then able
to create or annihilate defects which lie near the surface of the device.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75112 </DOCNO>
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and Cosmological Constraints on Neutrino


  We present a review of cosmological nucleosynthesis (CN) with neutrino
oscillations, discussing the different effects of oscillations on CN, namely:
increase of the effective degrees of freedom during CN, spectrum distortion of
the oscillating neutrinos, neutrino number density depletion, and growth of
neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry due to active-sterile oscillations. We discuss
the importance of these effects for the primordial yield of helium-4.
   Primordially produced He-4 value is obtained in a selfconsistent study of
the nucleons and the oscillating neutrinos. The effects of spectrum distortion,
depletion and neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry growth on helium-4 production are
explicitly calculated.
   An update of the cosmological constraints on active-sterile neutrino
oscillations parameters is presented, giving the values: delta m^2 sin^8 (2
theta) < 1.5 x 10^{-9} eV^2 for delta m^2 > 0, and |delta m^2| < 8.2 x 10^{-10}
eV^2 at large mixing angles for delta m^2 < 0. According to these constraints,
besides the active-sterile LMA solution, also the active-sterile LOW solution
to the solar neutrino problem is almost totally excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96749 </DOCNO>
Quandles at Finite Temperatures I


  In CJKLS quandle cohomology is used to produce invariants for particular
embeddings of codimension two; 2-cocycles give to invariants for (classical)
knots and 3-cocycles give rise to invariants for knotted surfaces. This is done
by way of a notion of coloring of a diagram. Also, these invariants have the
form of state-sums (or partition functions) used in Statistical Mechanics.
  By a careful analysis of these colorings of diagrams we are able to come up
with new invariants which correspond to calculation of the partition function
at finite temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85873 </DOCNO>
B\"{a}cklund Transformations of Einstein's Field Equations for the


  Clairin's method of obtaining B\"{a}cklund transformations is applied to
Einstein's field equations for the interior of a uniformly rotating stationary
axisymmetric perfect fluid. It is shown that for arbitrary pressure $p$ and
mass density $\mu$ the method does not give non-trivial B\"{a}cklund
transformations, while if $\mu + 3p =0$ it gives the transformation of Ehlers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2016 </DOCNO>
Extremal Optimization for Graph Partitioning


  Extremal optimization is a new general-purpose method for approximating
solutions to hard optimization problems. We study the method in detail by way
of the NP-hard graph partitioning problem. We discuss the scaling behavior of
extremal optimization, focusing on the convergence of the average run as a
function of runtime and system size. The method has a single free parameter,
which we determine numerically and justify using a simple argument. Our
numerical results demonstrate that on random graphs, extremal optimization
maintains consistent accuracy for increasing system sizes, with an
approximation error decreasing over runtime roughly as a power law t^(-0.4). On
geometrically structured graphs, the scaling of results from the average run
suggests that these are far from optimal, with large fluctuations between
individual trials. But when only the best runs are considered, results
consistent with theoretical arguments are recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87100 </DOCNO>
An Online Interactive Geometric Database: Including Exact Solutions of


  We describe a new interactive database (GRDB) of geometric objects in the
general area of differential geometry. Database objects include, but are not
restricted to, exact solutions of Einstein's field equations. GRDB is designed
for researchers (and teachers) in applied mathematics, physics and related
fields. The flexible search environment allows the database to be useful over a
wide spectrum of interests, for example, from practical considerations of
neutron star models in astrophysics to abstract space-time classification
schemes. The database is built using a modular and object-oriented design and
uses several Java technologies (e.g. Applets, Servlets, JDBC). These are
platform-independent and well adapted for applications developed to run over
the World Wide Web. GRDB is accompanied by a virtual calculator (GRTensorJ), a
graphical user interface to the computer algebra system GRTensorII used to
perform online coordinate, tetrad or basis calculations. The highly interactive
nature of GRDB allows for systematic internal self-checking and a minimization
of the required internal records.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127616 </DOCNO>
The CORALS Survey I: New Estimates of the Number Density and Gas Content


  (Abridged) We present the first results from the Complete Optical and Radio
Absorption Line System (CORALS) survey. We have compiled a homogeneous sample
of radio-selected QSOs from the Parkes Catalogue and searched for damped Lyman
alpha systems (DLAs) towards every target, irrespective of its optical
magnitude. This approach circumvents selection effects -- particularly from
intervening dust -- which have long been suspected to affect DLA surveys in
optically-selected, magnitude-limited QSO samples. The CORALS data set consists
of 66 z_em > 2.2 QSOs in which 22 DLAs with absorption redshifts 1.8 < z_abs <
z_em have been identified over a total redshift interval Delta z = 55.46. In
this first paper of the CORALS series we describe the sample, present
intermediate resolution spectroscopy and determine the population statistics of
DLAs. We deduce a value of the neutral gas mass density traced by DLAs
(expressed as a fraction of the closure density) log Omega_DLA h =
-2.59^{+0.17}_{-0.24}, and a number density of DLAs per unit redshift n(z) =
0.31^{+0.09}_{-0.08}, both at a mean redshift <z> = 2.37. Taking into account
the errors, we conclude that dust-induced bias in previous surveys may have led
to an underestimate of these quantities by at most a factor of two and we have
not uncovered a previously unrecognised population of high column density DLAs
in front of faint QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168607 </DOCNO>
Modelling the Recoherence of Mesoscopic Superpositions in Dissipative


  A model is presented to describe the recently proposed experiment (J.
Raimond,
 M. Brune and S. Haroche Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 79}, 1964 (1997)) where a
mesoscopic superposition of radiation states is prepared in a high-Q cavity
which is coupled to a similar resonator. The dynamical coherence loss of such
state in the absence of dissipation is reversible and can in principle be
observed. We show how this picture is modified due to the presence of the
environmental couplings. Analytical expressions for the experimental
conditional probabilities and the linear entropy are given. We conclude that
the phenomenon can still be observed provided the ratio between the damping
constant and the inter-cavities coupling does not exceed about a few percent.
This observation is favored for superpositions of states with large overlap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127015 </DOCNO>
NGC 5775: anatomy of a disk-halo interface


  We present the first high-resolution study of the disk-halo interface in an
edge-on galaxy (NGC 5775) in which every component of the interstellar medium
is represented and resolved. New single-dish CO J=2-1 and CO J=1-0 data, ROSAT
X-ray data, and HIRES IRAS data are presented along with HI data which
emphasizes the high latitude features. In conjunction with previously published
radio continuum (6 and 20 cm) and H alpha data, we find spatial correlations
between various ISM components in that all components of the ISM are present in
the disk-halo features (except for CO for which there is insufficient spatial
coverage). The HI features extend to about 7 kpc above the plane. In one case,
a loop is detected in position-velocity space, and are also observed over a
large velocity range. This implies that the disk-halo features represent
expanding supershells. However, the shells may be incomplete and partially
open-topped, suggesting that we are observing the breakup of the supershells as
they traverse the disk-halo interface. There is some evidence for acceleration
with z height and both redshifted and blueshifted velocities are present,
although the gas which is lagging with respect to galactic rotation dominates.
The radio continuum spectral index is flatter around the shell rims, suggesting
that shocks may be important in these regions (thermal contribution can not
account for this flattening). The H alpha emission is located interior to the
HI. For feature F3, the H alpha emission forms the interior "skin" of the HI
shell, yet there appears to be a minimum of in-disk star formation immediately
below the feature. We present a picture of a "typical" HI supershell which
accelerates and breaks up through the disk-halo interface. Such a feature is
likely internally generated via an energetic event in the disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72760 </DOCNO>
Low-x Physics at HERA


  Recent HERA data on structure functions and reduced cross-sections are
presented and their significance for our understanding of the low-x region is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73410 </DOCNO>
The Interplay between Neutrinos and Charged Leptons in the Minimal


  In the minimal SU(3)_LxU(1)_N gauge model with a global L_e-L_mu-L_tau (=L')
symmetry and a discrete Z_4 symmetry, it is found that the interplay between
neutrinos and charged leptons contained in triplets of \psi^i=(\nu^i_L,
\ell^i_L, \ell^{ci}_L) (i=1,2,3) naturally leads to the large mixing angle
(LMA) MSW solution. The model includes two (anti)sextet Higgs scalars, S^(0)
with L'=0 and S^(+) with L'=2, which, respectively, couple to \psi^1\psi^{2,3}
for the electron mass and masses of atmospheric neutrinos and to
\psi^{2,3}\psi^{2,3} for the \mu- and \tau-masses and one-loop radiative
neutrino masses relevant to solar neutrinos. This mechanism is realized by
utilizing an additional residual discrete symmetry supplied by explicitly
broken L', which guarantees the absence of tree-level neutrino mass terms of
the \psi^{2,3}\psi^{2,3}-type. Pure rotation effects due to the diagonalization
of neutrino and charged-lepton mass matrices are estimated to yield \Delta
m^2_\odot/\Delta m^2_{atm} \leq (m_e/m_\mu)^{3/2}=O(10^{-4}) but the radiative
effects supersede the rotation effects to yield \Delta m^2_\odot/\Delta
m^2_{atm}=O(10^{-2}) as the LMA solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73299 </DOCNO>
Quantum Energies of Interfaces


  We present a method for computing the one-loop, renormalized quantum energies
of symmetrical interfaces of arbitrary dimension and codimension using
elementary scattering data. Internal consistency requires finite-energy sum
rules relating phase shifts to bound state energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113535 </DOCNO>
Why the 3D Writhe of Ideal Knots and Links Is Quantized and Additive


  Besides mathematical interest, knots and knot theory have important
applications in physics, chemistry, and biology. Stasiak and colleagues devised
a constructive method for a knot "energy" using a Metropolis Monte Carlo
algorithm to minimize the length of rope needed to realize a given knot for a
rope of a fixed diameter. They called the resulting rendering of the knot the
"ideal" configuration. They have found (i) that the 3-dimensional (3D) writhe
of the ideal configuration of a knot appeared, empirically, to be quantized;
(ii) empirically, the 3D writhe of the ideal configuration was additive over
composition of knots; and (iii) the 3D writhe of ideal configuration of
alternating knots (which have a projection in which crossings alternate between
over and under as one transverses the knot in a fixed direction) seems to be
equal, to 1*T + 3/7*(W-B), where T is the "Tait number," and W and B are the
number of the white and black regions in the checkerboard coloring of the knot.
It is still not clear why properties i-iii might be true. Here I show that all
these empirical findings can be related to the fact that T and W-B can be
proven to be additive over composition of alternating knots. In particular, (1)
the 3D writhe of ideal configurations is likely only to be additive for
composition of alternating knots, and (2) remarkably, the geometrical structure
of all alternating (even prime) knots is determined by the three smallest
knots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7348 </DOCNO>
Solitons in polarized double layer quantum Hall systems


  A new manifestation of interlayer coherence in strongly polarized double
layer quantum Hall systems with total filling factor
 $\nu=1$ in the presence of a small or zero tunneling is theoretically
predicted. It is shown that moving (for small tunneling) and spatially
localized (for zero tunneling) stable pseudospin solitons develop which could
be interpreted as mobile or static charge-density excitations.
 The possibility of their experimental observation is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76520 </DOCNO>
Event shape studies, \boldmath{$\alpha_s$} and its running from LEP


  Data from electron positron annihilations at different center of mass
energies are collected by the four LEP experiments. Direct tests of hard QCD
are performed by measuring and analysing event shape observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123852 </DOCNO>
Improved constraints on possible variation of physical constants from H


  QSO absorption spectra provide an extremely useful probe of possible
cosmological variation in various physical constants. Comparison of H I 21cm
absorption with corresponding molecular (rotational) absorption spectra allows
us to constrain variation in y=alpha^2*g_p where alpha is the fine structure
constant and g_p is the proton g-factor. We analyse spectra of two QSOs, PKS
1413+135 and TXS 0218+357, and derive values of dy/y at absorption redshifts of
z=0.2467 and 0.6847 by simultaneous fitting of the H I 21cm and molecular
lines. We find dy/y=(-0.20 +/- 0.44)*10^{-5} and dy/y=(-0.16 +/- 0.54)*10^{-5}
respectively, indicating an insignificantly smaller y in the past. We compare
our results with other recent constraints from the same two QSOs (Drinkwater et
al. 1998; Carilli et al. 2000) and with our recent optical constraints which
indicated a smaller alpha at higher redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97562 </DOCNO>
Hodge decomposition of Alexander invariants


  Multivariable Alexander invariants of algebraic links calculated in terms of
algebro-geometric invariants (polytopes and ideals of quasiadjunction). The
relations with log-canonical divisors, the multiplier ideals and a
semicontinuity property of polytopes of quasiadjunction is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73923 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Breaking of Supersymmetry in Noncommutative Gauge Theories


  We propose a new mechanism of spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in
noncommutative gauge theories. We find that in N=1 noncommutative gauge
theories both supersymmetry and gauge invariance are dynamically broken.
Supersymmetry is broken spontaneously by a Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term which
naturally arises in a noncommutative U(n) theory. For a non-chiral matter
content the Fayet-Iliopoulos term is not renormalized and its tree-level value
can be chosen to be much smaller than the relevant string/noncommutativity
scale. In the low energy theory, the noncommutative U(n) gauge symmetry is
broken down to a commutative U(1) x SU(n). This breaking is triggered by the
IR/UV mixing and manifests itself at and below the noncommutativity mass scale
M_{NC}\sim \theta^{-1/2}. In particular, the U(1) degrees of freedom decouple
from the SU(n) in the infrared and become arbitrarily weakly coupled, thus
playing the role of the hidden sector for supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1245 </DOCNO>
Shot noise in coupled dots and the "fractional charges"


  We consider the problem of shot noise in resonant tunneling through double
quantum dots in the case of interacting particles. Using a many-body quantum
mechanical description we evaluate the energy dependent transmission
probability, the total average current and the shot noise spectrum. Our results
show that the obtained reduction of the noise spectrum, due to Coulomb
interaction, can be interpret in terms of non--interacting particles with
fractional charge like behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179600 </DOCNO>
Selected Topics in High Energy Semi-Exclusive Electro-Nuclear Reactions


  We review the present status of the theory of high energy reactions with
semi-exclusive nucleon electro-production from nuclear targets. We demonstrate
how the increase of transferred energies in these reactions opens a complete
new window in studying the microscopic nuclear structure at small distances.
The simplifications in theoretical descriptions associated with the increase of
the energies are discussed. The theoretical framework for calculation of high
energy nuclear reactions based on the effective Feynman diagram rules is
described in details. The result of this approach is the generalized eikonal
approximation (GEA), which is reduced to Glauber approximation when nucleon
recoil is neglected. The method of GEA is demonstrated in the calculation of
high energy electro-disintegration of the deuteron and A=3 targets.
Subsequently we generalize the obtained formulae for A>3 nuclei. The relation
of GEA to the Glauber theory is analyzed. Then based on the GEA framework we
discuss some of the phenomena which can be studied in exclusive reactions,
these are: nuclear transparency and short-range correlations in nuclei. We
illustrate how light-cone dynamics of high-energy scattering emerge naturally
in high energy electro-nuclear reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81266 </DOCNO>
Efficient computation of low-lying eigenmodes of non-Hermitian


  A polynomial transformation for non-Hermitian matrices is presented, which
provides access to wedge-shaped spectral windows. For Wilson-Dirac type
matrices this procedure not only allows the determination of the physically
interesting low-lying eigenmodes but also provides a substantial acceleration
of the eigenmode algorithm employed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86405 </DOCNO>
Study of the Magnitude-Redshift Relation for type Ia Supernovae in a


  Models with a dynamic cosmological term \Lambda (t) are becoming popular as
they solve the cosmological constant problem in a natural way. Instead of
considering any ad-hoc assumption for the variation of \Lambda, we consider a
particular symmetry, the contracted Ricci-collineation along the fluid flow, in
Einstein's theory. We show that apart from having interesting properties, this
symmetry does require \Lambda to be a function of the scale factor of the
Robertson-Walker metric. In order to test the consistency of the resulting
model with observations, we study the magnitude-redshift relation for the type
Ia supernovae data from Perlmutter et al. The data fit the model very well and
require a positive non-zero \Lambda and a negative deceleration parameter. The
best-fitting flat model is obtained as \Omega_0 \approx 0.5 with q_0 \approx
-0.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74087 </DOCNO>
Covariant axial form factor of the nucleon in a chiral constituent quark


  The axial form factor G_A of the nucleon is investigated for the
Goldstone-boson-exchange constituent quark model using the point-form approach
to relativistic quantum mechanics. The results, being covariant, show large
contributions from relativistic boost effects. The predictions are obtained
directly from the quark-model wave functions, without any further input such as
vertex or constituent-quark form factors, and fall remarkably close to the
available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179624 </DOCNO>
Duality in strong interactions


  By introducing Q^2-dependence in resonance-reggeon "soft" dual models with
nonlinear trajectories, they are extended to "hard" processes, sharing the
property of parton-hadron duality. The resulting object is a two-component
complex function of three variables - s,t and Q^2, reducing to classical dual
models on the mass shell and to deep inelastic structure functions, or Compton
scattering amplitudes - forward and non-forward - otherwise. As a consequence,
the small- and large-x behavior of the structure functions is also related by
duality. This duality relation holds for each o components (diffractive and
non-diffractive for the amplitude or singlet and non-singlet for the structure)
separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4943 </DOCNO>
Influence of the biquadratic interlayer coupling in the specific heat of


  A theoretical study of the specific heat C(T) as a function of temperature in
Fibonacci magnetic superlattices is presented. We consider quasiperiodic
structures composed of ferromagnetic films, each described by the Heisenberg
model, with biquadratic and bilinear coupling between them. We have taken the
ratios between the biquadratic and bilinear exchange terms according to
experimental data recently measured for different regions of their regime.
Although some previous properties of the spin wave specific heat are also
reproduced here, new features appear in this case, the most important of them
being an interesting broken-symmetry related to the interlayer biquadratic
term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83555 </DOCNO>
On the Automated Classification of Web Sites


  In this paper we discuss several issues related to automated text
classification of web sites. We analyze the nature of web content and metadata
in relation to requirements for text features. We find that HTML metatags are a
good source of text features, but are not in wide use despite their role in
search engine rankings. We present an approach for targeted spidering including
metadata extraction and opportunistic crawling of specific semantic hyperlinks.
We describe a system for automatically classifying web sites into industry
categories and present performance results based on different combinations of
text features and training data. This system can serve as the basis for a
generalized framework for automated metadata creation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179413 </DOCNO>
Kaon photoproduction: background contributions, form factors and missing


  The photoproduction p(gamma, K+)Lambda process is studied within a
field-theoretic approach. It is shown that the background contributions
constitute an important part of the reaction dynamics. We compare predictions
obtained with three plausible techniques for dealing with these background
contributions. It appears that the extracted resonance parameters drastically
depend on the applied technique. We investigate the implications of the
corrections to the functional form of the hadronic form factor in the contact
term, recently suggested by Davidson and Workman (Phys. Rev. C 63, 025210). The
role of background contributions and hadronic form factors for the
identification of the quantum numbers of ``missing'' resonances is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1665 </DOCNO>
Simple technique for superconducting joints quality estimation in bulk


  We propose an empirical approach to estimate the quality of superconducting
joints (welds) between blocks of bulk high temperature superconductors (HTS).
As a measuring value, we introduce a joint's quality factor and show its
natural correlation with joint's critical current density. Being simple and
non-destructive, this approach is considered to be quite important to solve the
problem of utilization of HTS in large scale applications. The approach has
been applied to characterize the joint's quality of melt-processed Y-123 joined
by Tm-123 solder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85910 </DOCNO>
Quantization of a generally covariant gauge system with two super


  The Becci-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) operator quantization of a
finite-dimensional gauge system featuring two quadratic super Hamiltonian and m
linear supermomentum constraints is studied as a model for quantizing generally
covariant gauge theories. The proposed model ``completely'' mimics the
constraint algebra of General Relativity. The Dirac constraint operators are
identified by realizing the BRST generator of the system as a Hermitian
nilpotent operator, and a physical inner product is introduced to complete a
consistent quantization procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74617 </DOCNO>
Moduli stabilization and supersymmetry breaking in effective theories of


  The region of moduli space of string theories which is most likely to
describe the "real world" is where the string coupling is about unity and the
volume of extra compact dimensions is about the same size as the string volume.
Here we map the landscape of this "central" region in a model-independent way,
assuming only that the string coupling and compact volume moduli are chiral
superfields of N=1 supergravity in 4 dimensions, and requiring only widely
accepted conditions: that the supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking scale is about the
weak scale and that the cosmological constant be of acceptably small magnitude.
We find that the superpotential has (in the supersymmetric limit) a fourth
order zero in the SUSY breaking direction. The potential near the minimum is
very steep in the SUSY preserving directions, and very flat in the SUSY
breaking direction, consequently the SUSY breaking field has a weak scale mass,
while other moduli are heavy. We also argue that there will be additional near
by minima with a large negative cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74023 </DOCNO>
Higgs and Supersymmetry searches at the Large Hadron Collider


  We present here the results for Higgs and Supersymmetry prospective searches
at the Large Hadron Collider. We show that for one year at high luminosity,
Standard Model and MSSM Higgs should be observed within the theoretically
expected mass range. MSUGRA and restricted phenomenological MSSM searches lead
to discovery of up to 2.5 TeV squarks and gluinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124450 </DOCNO>
Background galaxies as reddening probes throughout the Magellanic Clouds


  We study the spectral properties in the range 3600 \AA - 6800 \AA of the
nuclear region of galaxies behind the Magellanic Clouds. The radial velocities
clarified the nature of the objects as background galaxies or extended objects
belonging to the Clouds. For most galaxies behind the main bodies of the LMC
and SMC, radial velocities were measured for the first time. In the present
sample typical LMC background galaxies are nearby (4000 < V(km/s) < 6000),
while SMC's are considerably more distant (10000 < V(km/s) < 20000). We
determine the reddening in each line of sight by matching a reddening-free
galaxy template with comparable stellar population. For the LMC main body we
derive a combined Milky Way and internal reddening value E(B-V)$_{MW+i}$ =
0.12$\pm$0.10, while for the SMC E(B-V)$_{MW+i}$ = 0.05$\pm$0.05. By
subtracting Milky Way reddening values for galaxies projected onto the
surroundings of each Cloud, we estimate average internal reddening values
$\Delta$E(B-V)$_i$ = 0.06 and 0.04, respectively for the main bodies of the LMC
and SMC. The Clouds are optically thin, at least in the directions of the
studied background galaxies which are often difficult to be identified as such
on ESO/SERC sky survey images. Nevertheless, more reddened zones may occur
where it is difficult to identify galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114164 </DOCNO>
Vector Area Theorem mapping in crystals and polarization stability of


  The stability of polarization, areas, and number of self-induced transparency
(SIT)-solitons at the output from the LaF_3:Pr^{3+} crystal is theoretically
studied versus the polarization direction and the area of the input linearly
polarized laser pulse. For this purpose the Vector Area Theorem is rederived
and two-dimensional Vector Area Theorem map is obtained. The map is governed by
the crystal symmetry and takes into account directions of the dipole matrix
element vectors of the different site subgroups of optically excited ions. The
Vector Area Theorem mapping of the time evolution of the laser pulse allows one
to highlight soliton polarization properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174709 </DOCNO>
First Hints of Jet Quenching at RHIC


  At this conference first data from RHIC has been presented. Spectra of
charged hadrons and identified neutral pions obtained in central collisions
exhibit a depletion at large transverse momenta compared to expectations
deduced from $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ data and lower energy heavy ion data. While
spectra measured in peripheral collisions exhibit the expected power-law shape,
spectra from central collisions are closer to exponential. In addition, a
significant azimuthal anisotropy of high momentum charged particle production
has been found. All observations are in qualitative agreement with theoretical
predictions that quark matter formed in heavy ion collisions quenches jet
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174717 </DOCNO>
Symmetries and staggering effects in nuclear rotational spectra


  We study the fine structure of nuclear rotational spectra on the basis of
both dynamical and discrete symmetry approaches. In this framework we show that
the odd--even (Delta I = 1) staggering effects observed in various rotational
bands carry detailed information about the collective band-mixing interactions
and the collective shape properties of heavy nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98825 </DOCNO>
Counting cycles and finite dimensional Lp norms


  We obtain sharp bounds for the number of n--cycles in a finite graph as a
function of the number of edges, and prove that the complete graph is optimal
in more ways than could be imagined. We prove sharp estimates on both the sum
of k-th powers of the coordinates and the Lk norm subject to the constraints
that the sum of squares of the coordinates is fixed, and that the sum of the
coordinates vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5687 </DOCNO>
The role of pinning and instability in a class of non-equilibrium growth


  We study the dynamics of a growing crystalline facet where the growth
mechanism is controlled by the geometry of the local curvature. A continuum
model, developed in analogy with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) model is
considered for the purpose. Following standard coarse graining procedures, it
is shown that in the large time, long distance limit, the continuum model
predicts a curvature independent KPZ phase, thereby suppressing all explicit
effects of curvature and local pinning in the system, in the "perturbative"
limit. A direct numerical integration of this growth equation, in 1+1
dimensions, supports this observation below a critical parametric range, above
which generic instabilities, in the form of isolated pillared structures lead
to deviations from standard scaling behavior. Possibilities of controlling this
instability by introducing statistically "irrelevant" (in the sense of
renormalization groups) higher ordered nonlinearities have also been discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72780 </DOCNO>
Decoupling Properties of MSSM particles in Higgs and Top Decays


  We study the supersymmetric (SUSY) QCD radiative corrections, at the one-loop
level, to $h^0$, $H^{\pm}$ and t quark decays, in the context of the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and in the decoupling limit. The
decoupling behaviour of the various MSSM sectors is analyzed in some special
cases, where some or all of the SUSY mass parameters become large as compared
to the electroweak scale. We show that in the decoupling limit of both large
SUSY mass parameters and large CP-odd Higgs mass, the $\Gamma (h^0\to b \bar
b)$ decay width approaches its Standard Model value at one loop, with the onset
of decoupling being delayed for large $\tan\beta$ values. However, this
decoupling does not occur if just the SUSY mass parameters are taken large. A
similar interesting non-decoupling behaviour, also enhanced by $\tan\beta$, is
found in the SUSY-QCD corrections to the $\Gamma (H^+\to t \bar b)$ decay width
at one loop. In contrast, the SUSY-QCD corrections in the $\Gamma (t\to W^+ b)$
decay width do decouple and this decoupling is fast.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124749 </DOCNO>
On the White Dwarf distances to Galactic Globular Clusters


  We analyze in detail various possible sources of systematic errors on the
distances of globular clusters derived by fitting a local template DA white
dwarf sequence to the cluster counterpart (the so-called WD-fitting technique).
We find that the unknown thickness of the hydrogen layer of white dwarfs in
clusters plays a non negligible role. For reasonable assumptions - supported by
the few sparse available observational constraints - about the unknown mass and
thickness of the hydrogen layer for the cluster white dwarfs, a realistic
estimate of the systematic error on the distance is within +-0.10 mag. However,
particular combinations of white dwarf masses and envelope thicknesses - which
at present cannot be excluded a priori - could produce larger errors.
Contamination of the cluster DA sequence by non-DA white dwarfs introduces a
very small systematic error of about -0.03 mag in the Mv/(V-I) plane, but in
the Mv/(B-V) plane the systematic error amounts to ~ +0.20 mag. Contamination
by white dwarfs with helium cores should not influence appreciably the
WD-fitting distances. Finally, we obtain a derivative D((m-M)v)/D(E(B-V))~ -5.5
for the WD-fitting distances, which is very similar to the dependence found
when using the Main Sequence fitting technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6528 </DOCNO>
Resonant X-ray Scattering in Manganites - Study of Orbital Degree of


  Orbital degree of freedom of electrons and its interplay with spin, charge
and lattice degrees of freedom are one of the central issues in colossal
magnetoresistive manganites. The orbital degree of freedom has until recently
remained hidden, since it does not couple directly to most of experimental
probes. Development of synchrotron light sources has changed the situation; by
the resonant x-ray scattering (RXS) technique the orbital ordering has
successfully been observed . In this article, we review progress in the recent
studies of RXS in manganites. We start with a detailed review of the RXS
experiments applied to the orbital ordered manganites and other correlated
electron systems. We derive the scattering cross section of RXS where the
tensor character of the atomic scattering factor (ASF) with respect to the
x-ray polarization is stressed. Microscopic mechanisms of the anisotropic
tensor character of ASF is introduced and numerical results of ASF and the
scattering intensity are presented. The azimuthal angle scan is a unique
experimental method to identify RXS from the orbital degree of freedom. A
theory of the azimuthal angle and polarization dependence of the RXS intensity
is presented. The theoretical results show good agreement with the experiments
in manganites. Apart from the microscopic description of ASF, a theoretical
framework of RXS to relate directly to the 3d orbital is presented. The
scattering cross section is represented by the correlation function of the
pseudo-spin operator for the orbital degree of freedom. A theory is extended to
the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and methods to observe excitations of
the orbital degree of freedom are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3358 </DOCNO>
Observation of Collective Excitation Mode in


  The observation of the broken symmetry state manifesting itself as the
collective excitation mode in the complex optical spectrum, is an important and
difficult task in condensed matter physics. We used THz time-domain
spectroscopy to directly elaborate low-energy (0.5--5 meV) complex optical
conductivity spectra of the charge ordered manganite
Pr$_{0.7}$Ca$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ exhibiting the colossal magnetoresistance and
revealed the existence of a finite peak structure around 2--3 meV well below
the charge gap $2\Delta\sim300$ meV. This observed structure is attributed to
the collective excitation mode arising from the charge-density-wave condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85849 </DOCNO>
Causal and localizable quantum operations


  We examine constraints on quantum operations imposed by relativistic
causality. A bipartite superoperator is said to be localizable if it can be
implemented by two parties (Alice and Bob) who share entanglement but do not
communicate; it is causal if the superoperator does not convey information from
Alice to Bob or from Bob to Alice. We characterize the general structure of
causal complete measurement superoperators, and exhibit examples that are
causal but not localizable. We construct another class of causal bipartite
superoperators that are not localizable by invoking bounds on the strength of
correlations among the parts of a quantum system. A bipartite superoperator is
said to be semilocalizable if it can be implemented with one-way quantum
communication from Alice to Bob, and it is semicausal if it conveys no
information from Bob to Alice. We show that all semicausal complete measurement
superoperators are semilocalizable, and we establish a general criterion for
semicausality. In the multipartite case, we observe that a measurement
superoperator that projects onto the eigenspaces of a stabilizer code is
localizable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2617 </DOCNO>
Wigner molecules in quantum dots: a quantum Monte Carlo study


  We study two-dimensional quantum dots using the variational quantum Monte
Carlo technique in the weak-confinement limit where the system approaches the
Wigner molecule, i.e., the classical solution of point charges in an external
potential. We observe the spin-polarization of electrons followed by a smooth
transition to a Wigner-molecule-like state as the confining potential is made
weaker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126771 </DOCNO>
Is the old nova RW UMi (1956) an intermediate polar?


  From photometric observations of the old nova RW UMi (1956) we have
discovered the presence of five sub-orbital periodicities. The longest period,
P1 = 54.4 min, always observed, could be the beat period between the orbital
period and the white dwarf (WD) spin period that we assume to be P2 = 33.4 min.
The other suborbital periods could be orbital sidebands with respect to P2
and/or correspond to Keplerian resonance radii. We suggest that in its
post-outburst state, characterized by higher mass transfer rate, RW UMi is an
asynchronous intermediate polar with a truncated accretion disc. If the
magnetic momentum of the WD is $\mu_{34} \sim 0.8$, in its quiescent
pre-outburst state, the nova would appear as a discless, synchronous
intermediate polar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126436 </DOCNO>
Membership of 23 stars towards the bulge globular clusters NGC 6528 and


  Low resolution spectra of 23 stars towards the bulge globular clusters NGC
6528 and NGC 6553 are analysed. Radial velocities and atmospheric parameters
are derived in order to check their membership in the clusters. Effective
temperatures were obtained from photometric data for stars with Teff > 3800 K,
whereas for cooler stars, they were derived from equivalent widths of TiO
bands. Calibrations of W(TiO) as a function of stellar parameters based on a
grid of synthetic spectra are presented. Metallicities were derived from a
comparison of the observed spectra to a grid of synthetic spectra. The sample
comprises evolutionary stages from the Red Giant Branch to the Horizontal
Branch, with parameters in the range 3200 <= Teff <= 5000 K and -0.5 <= log g
<= 2.4. The mean metallicities obtained for NGC 6528 and NGC 6553 are [Fe/H] ~
-0.5 and -0.7, in both cases with [Mg/Fe] = +0.3; assuming the same
overabundance for the $\alpha$ elements O, Mg, Si, S, Ca and Ti, this gives
[Z/Zsolar] = -0.25 and -0.45. Membership verification by means of low
resolution spectra is a crucial step in preparing targets for high resolution
spectroscopy with 8m class telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113603 </DOCNO>
Calculations of collisions between cold alkaline earth atoms in a weak


  We calculate the light-induced collisional loss of laser-cooled and trapped
magnesium atoms for detunings up to 50 atomic linewidths to the red of the
^1S_0-^1P_1 cooling transition. We evaluate loss rate coefficients due to both
radiative and nonradiative state-changing mechanisms for temperatures at and
below the Doppler cooling temperature. We solve the Schrodinger equation with a
complex potential to represent spontaneous decay, but also give analytic models
for various limits. Vibrational structure due to molecular photoassociation is
present in the trap loss spectrum. Relatively broad structure due to absorption
to the Mg_2 ^1Sigma_u state occurs for detunings larger than about 10 atomic
linewidths. Much sharper structure, especially evident at low temperature,
occurs even at smaller detunings due to of Mg_2 ^1Pi_g absorption, which is
weakly allowed due to relativistic retardation corrections to the forbidden
dipole transition strength. We also perform model studies for the other
alkaline earth species Ca, Sr, and Ba and for Yb, and find similar qualitative
behavior as for Mg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98993 </DOCNO>
Enumeration of permutations containing a prescribed number of


  We consider the problem of enumerating the permutations containing exactly
$k$ occurrences of a pattern of length 3. This enumeration has received a lot
of interest recently, and there are a lot of known results. This paper presents
an alternative approach to the problem, which yields a proof for a formula
which so far only was conjectured (by Noonan and Zeilberger). This approach is
based on bijections from permutations to certain lattice paths with ``jumps'',
which were first considered by Krattenthaler.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97453 </DOCNO>
Riemann-Hilbert problems for last passage percolation


  Last three years have seen new developments in the theory of last passage
percolation, which has variety applications to random permutations, random
growth and random vicious walks. It turns out that a few class of models have
determinant formulas for the probability distribution, which can be analyzed
asymptotically. One of the tools for the asymptotic analysis has been the
Riemann-Hilbert method. In this paper, we survey the use of Riemann-Hilbert
method in the last passage percolation problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123750 </DOCNO>
Temperature and total mass profiles of the A3571 cluster of galaxies


  We present BeppoSAX results of a spatially resolved spectral analysis of
A3571, a relaxed nearby cluster of galaxies. In the central 2' (130/h_50 kpc)
radius the metal abundance is 0.49 +- 0.08 solar and the absorption (1.13
+-0.28) x 10^21 atom/cm^2 whereas elsewhere within an 8'(520/h_50 kpc) radius
the abundance is 0.32 \+- 0.05 solar and the absorption consistent with the
galactic value of 4.4 x 10^20 atom/cm2. The significant central metal abundance
enhancement is consistent with the supernova enrichment scenario. The excess
absorption may be attributed to the cooling flow, whose mass flow rate is 80 +-
40 M_Sun/yr from our spectral fit. The BeppoSAX and ASCA radial temperature
profiles agree over the entire overlapping radial range r < 25' = 1.6/h_50 Mpc.
The combined BeppoSAX and ASCA temperature profile exhibits a constant value
out to a radius of 10' (650/h_50 kpc) and a significant decrease (T propto
r^-0.55, corresponding to gamma=1.28) at larger radii. These temperature data
are used to derive the total mass profile. The best fit NFW dark matter density
model results in a temperature profile that is not convectively stable, but the
model is acceptable within the uncertainties of the data. The temperature
profile is acceptably modeled with a ``core'' model for the dark matter
density, consisting of a core radius with a constant slope at larger radii.
With this model the total mass and formal 90% confidence errors within the
virial radius r_178 (2.5/h_50 Mpc) are 9.1+3.6-1.5 x 10^14 h_50^-1 M_Sun, by a
factor of 1.4 smaller than the isothermal value. The gas mass fraction
increases with radius, reaching f_gas(r_178) = 0.26+0.05-0.10 x h_50^-3/2.
Assuming that the measured gas mass fraction is the lower limit to the
primordial baryonic fraction gives Omega_m < 0.4 at 90% confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41513 </DOCNO>
Complete analysis of spin structure function g1 of He-3


  We present a comprehensive analysis of the nuclear effects important in DIS
on polarized He-3 over a wide range of Bjorken x, 10^{-4} \leq x \leq 0.8.
Effects relevant for the extraction of the neutron spin structure function,
g1^n, from the He-3 data are emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6954 </DOCNO>
Spin and Chirality Orderings of Frustrated Magnets -- Stacked-Triangular


  ``Chirality'' is a multispin quantity representing the sense or the
handedness of the noncollinear spin structures induced by spin frustration.
Recent studies have revealed that the chirality often plays an important role
in the ordering of certain frustrated magnets. Here I take up two such
examples, stacked-triangular antiferromagnets and spin glasses, where the
inherent chiral degree of freedom affects underlying physics and might lead to
novel ordering phenomena. The first topic is the criticality of the magnetic
phase transition of vector (i.e., XY or Heisenberg) antiferromagnets on the
three-dimensional stacked-triangular lattice. The second topic is the nature of
the spin-glass ordering. I will review the recent theoretical and experimental
works on these topics, with particular emphasis on the important role played by
the chirality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41002 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the mid-rapidity transverse energy distribution from


  The first measurement of energy produced transverse to the beam direction at
RHIC is presented. The mid-rapidity transverse energy density per participating
nucleon rises steadily with the number of participants, closely paralleling the
rise in charged-particle density, such that E_T / N_ch remains relatively
constant as a function of centrality. The energy density calculated via
Bjorken's prescription for the 2% most central Au+Au collisions at
sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV is at least epsilon_Bj = 4.6 GeV/fm^3 which is a factor of
1.6 larger than found at sqrt(s_NN)=17.2 GeV (Pb+Pb at CERN).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126495 </DOCNO>
New infrared star clusters and candidates in the Galaxy detected with


  A sample of 42 new infrared star clusters, stellar groups and candidates was
found throughout the Galaxy in the 2MASS J, H and especially K$_S$ Atlases. In
the Cygnus X region 19 new clusters, stellar groups and candidates were found
as compared to 6 such objects in the previous literature. Colour-Magnitude
Diagrams using the 2MASS Point Source Catalogue provided preliminary distance
estimates in the range 1.0 $<$ d$_{\odot}$ $<$ 1.8 kpc for 7 Cygnus X clusters.
Towards the central parts of the Galaxy 7 new IR clusters and candidates were
found as compared to 61 previous objects. A search for prominent dark nebulae
in K$_S$ was also carried out in the central bulge area. We report 5 dark
nebulae, 2 of them are candidates for molecular clouds able to generate massive
star clusters near the Nucleus, such as the Arches and Quintuplet clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129710 </DOCNO>
A-star envelopes: a test of local and non-local models of convection


  We present results of a fully non-local, compressible model of convection for
A-star envelopes. This model quite naturally reproduces a variety of results
from observations and numerical simulations which local models based on a
mixing length do not. Our principal results, which are for models with Teff
between 7200 K and 8500 K, are the following: First, the photospheric
velocities and filling factors are in qualitative agreement with those derived
from observations of line profiles of A-type stars. Second, the He II and H I
convection zones are separated in terms of convective flux and thermal
interaction, but joined in terms of the convective velocity field, in agreement
with numerical simulations. In addition, we attempt to quantify the amount of
overshooting in our models at the base of the He II convection zone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75778 </DOCNO>
Vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 as the origin of mass gap and


  This is a brief summary of recent works on the possibility of vacuum
condensate of mass dimension 2 in Yang-Mills theory as the gluon sector of QCD.
In particular, I discuss the physical implications due to this condensate,
especially, for the mass gap and quark confinement. This talk is mainly based
on a recent paper [1] and papers in preparation [2].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 463 </DOCNO>
Exact expression of the ground state energy of quantum many-particle


  By introducing a phase field and solving the eigen-functional equation of
particles, we obtain the exact expressions of the ground state energy as a
functional of the particle density for interacting electron/boson systems, and
a two-dimensional electron gas under an external magnetic field, respectively.
With the eigen-functionals of the particles, we can construct the ground state
wave-function of the systems. Moreover, with the expressions of the ground
state energy, we can exactly determine the ground state energy and the ground
state particle density of the systems by taking $% \delta E_g[\rho ]/\delta
\rho (x)=0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72515 </DOCNO>
Test of QCD Predictions for Multiparticle Production at LEP


  I discuss various QCD tests for multiparticle production, such as
multiplicities, dead-cone effect and inclusive spectra. The common feature of
all these predictions is the crucial importance of coherence effect to be taken
into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74784 </DOCNO>
An estimate of the Cosmological Bispectrum from the MAXIMA-1 CMB map


  We use the measurement of the cosmic microwave background taken during the
MAXIMA-1 flight to estimate the bispectrum of cosmological perturbations. We
propose an estimator for the diagonal component of the bispectrum for a flat
sky and discuss and quantify the approximations involved. We then apply it to
the MAXIMA-1 data and evaluate errors on our estimate using bootstrap methods.
We compare the estimated value with what would be expected if the sky signal
were Gaussian and find that it is indeed consistent, with a $\chi^2$ per degree
of freedom of approximately unity. This measurement of the bispectrum places
weak constraints on a model that posits deviations from standard inflation and
on a model of global topological defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1124 </DOCNO>
Growing Random Networks with Fitness


  Three models of growing random networks with fitness dependent growth rates
are analysed using the rate equations for the distribution of their
connectivities. In the first model (A), a network is built by connecting
incoming nodes to nodes of connectivity $k$ and random additive fitness $\eta$,
with rate $(k-1)+ \eta $. For $\eta >0$ we find the connectivity distribution
is power law with exponent $\gamma=<\eta>+2$. In the second model (B), the
network is built by connecting nodes to nodes of connectivity $k$, random
additive fitness $\eta$ and random multiplicative fitness $\zeta$ with rate
$\zeta(k-1)+\eta$. This model also has a power law connectivity distribution,
but with an exponent which depends on the multiplicative fitness at each node.
In the third model (C), a directed graph is considered and is built by the
addition of nodes and the creation of links. A node with fitness $(\alpha,
\beta)$, $i$ incoming links and $j$ outgoing links gains a new incoming link
with rate $\alpha(i+1)$, and a new outgoing link with rate $\beta(j+1)$. The
distributions of the number of incoming and outgoing links both scale as power
laws, with inverse logarithmic corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168905 </DOCNO>
A simple gate for linear optics quantum computing


  We describe a simple scheme for implementing the non-linear sign gate of
Knill, Laflamme and Milburn (Nature, {\bf 409}, 46-52, Jan. 4 (2001)) which
forms the basis of an experiment underway at the University of Vienna.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96851 </DOCNO>
Numerical characterization of the K\"ahler cone of a compact K\"ahler


  The goal of this work is give a precise numerical description of the K\"ahler
cone of a compact K\"ahler manifold. Our main result states that the K\"ahler
cone depends only on the intersection form of the cohomology ring, the Hodge
structure and the homology classes of analytic cycles: if $X$ is a compact
K\"ahler manifold, the K\"ahler cone $\cK$ of $X$ is one of the connected
components of the set $\cP$ of real $(1,1)$ cohomology classes $\{\alpha\}$
which are numerically positive on analytic cycles, i.e. $\int_Y\alpha^p>0$ for
every irreducible analytic set $Y$ in $X$, \hbox{$p=\dim Y$}. This result is
new even in the case of projective manifolds, where it can be seen as a
generalization of the well-known Nakai-Moishezon criterion, and it also extends
previous results by Campana-Peternell and Eyssidieux. The principal technical
step is to show that every nef class $\{\alpha\}$ which has positive highest
self-intersection number $\int_X\alpha^n>0$ contains a K\"ahler current; this
is done by using the Calabi-Yau theorem and a mass concentration technique for
Monge-Amp\`ere equations. The main result admits a number of variants and
corollaries, including a description of the cone of numerically effective
$(1,1)$ classes and their dual cone. Another important consequence is the fact
that for an arbitrary deformation $\cX\to S$ of compact K\"ahler manifolds, the
K\"ahler cone of a very general fibre $X_t$ is ``independent'' of $t$, i.e.\
invariant by parallel transport under the $(1,1)$-component of the Gauss-Manin
connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97167 </DOCNO>
Smooth shifts along flows


  Let $M$ be a smooth manifold and $\Phi$ be a smooth flow on $M$. We study the
maps $M \to M$ generated by smooth shifts along trajectories of $\Phi$, i.e the
maps of a form $h(x) = \Phi(x, \sigma(x))$ where $\sigma$ is some smooth
function on $M$.
  We will classify smooth shifts which induce diffeomorphisms of $M$ and prove
contractibility of the set of such diffeomorphisms for large class of flows.
These results will be applied to the study of homotopy groups of orbits of
Morse maps of surfaces under the action of diffeomorphisms group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2178 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle Liquid in the Highly Overdoped Bi2212


  We present results from the study of a highly overdoped (OD) Bi2212 with a
$T_{c}=51$K using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
The temperature dependent spectra near the ($\pi,0$) point show the presence of
the sharp peak well above $T_{c}$. From the nodal direction, we make comparison
of the self-energy with the optimally doped and underdoped cuprates, and the
Mo(110) surface state. We show that this OD cuprate appears to have properties
that approach that of the Mo. Further analysis shows that the OD has a more
$k$-independent lineshape at the Fermi surface than the lower-doped cuprates.
This allows for a realistic comparison of the nodal lifetime values to the
experimental resistivity measurements via Boltzmann transport formulation. All
these observations point to the validity of the quasiparticle picture for the
OD even in the normal state within a certain energy and momentum range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114464 </DOCNO>
J-matrix method of scattering in any L2 basis


  The restriction imposed on the J-matrix method of using specific L2 bases is
lifted without compromising any of the advantages that it offers. This opens
the door to a wider range of application of the method to physical problems
beyond the restrictive SO(2,1) dynamical symmetry. The numerical scheme
developed to achieve this objective projects the J-matrix formalism in terms of
the eigenvalues of a finite Hamiltonian matrix and its submatrices in any
convenient L2 basis. Numerical stability and convergence of the original
analytic J-matrix method is still maintained in the proposed scheme, which can
be applied to multi-channel nonrelativistic as well as relativistic scattering
problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75338 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Unification


  We construct four dimensional gauge theories in which the successful
supersymmetric unification of gauge couplings is preserved but accelerated by
N-fold replication of the MSSM gauge and Higgs structure. This results in a low
unification scale of $10^{13/N}$ TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81161 </DOCNO>
Classically Perfect Gauge Actions on Anisotropic Lattices


  We present a method for constructing classically perfect anisotropic actions
for SU(3) gauge theory based on an isotropic Fixed Point Action. The action is
parametrised using smeared (``fat'') links. The construction is done explicitly
for anisotropy $\xi=a_s/a_t=2$ and 4. The corresponding renormalised
anisotropies are determined using the torelon dispersion relation. The
renormalisation of the anisotropy is small and the parametrisation describes
the true action well. Quantities such as the static quark-antiquark potential,
the critical temperature of the deconfining phase transition and the low-lying
glueball spectrum are measured on lattices with anisotropy $\xi=2$. The mass of
the scalar $0^{++}$ glueball is determined to be 1580(60) MeV, while the tensor
$2^{++}$ glueball is at 2430(60) MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98919 </DOCNO>
Differentiability, Convenient Spaces and Smooth Diffeologies


  We review the basic definitions and properties concerning smooth structures,
convenient spaces, diffeological spaces and tangent structures. The relation
betwen them is described. A tangent structure is constructed for each
pre-convenient space. This one is proved to be convenient iff the space and the
tangent fibres coincide. Some basic comments on the relation with manifolds are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74322 </DOCNO>
Constraining Quark-Hadron Duality at Large-Nc


  Quark-meson duality for two-point functions of vector and axial-vector QCD
currents is investigated in the large-Nc approximation. We find that the joint
constraints of duality and chiral symmetry imply degeneracy of excited vector
and axial-vector mesons in the large-Nc limit. We compare model-independent
constraints with expectations based on the Veneziano-Lovelace-Shapiro string
model. Several models of duality are constructed, and phenomenological
implications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73207 </DOCNO>
Oscillating neutrinos and mu --> e, gamma


  If neutrino masses and mixings are suitable to explain the atmospheric and
solar neutrino fluxes, this amounts to contributions to FCNC processes, in
particular mu --> e, gamma. If the theory is supersymmetric and the origin of
the masses is a see-saw mechanism, we show that the prediction for BR(mu --> e,
gamma) is in general larger than the experimental upper bound, especially if
the largest Yukawa coupling is O(1) and the solar data are explained by a large
angle MSW effect, which recent analyses suggest as the preferred scenario. Our
analysis is bottom-up and completely general, i.e. it is based just on
observable low-energy data. The work generalizes previous results of the
literature, identifying the dominant contributions. Application of the results
to scenarios with approximate top-neutrino unification, like SO(10) models,
rules out most of them unless the leptonic Yukawa matrices satisfy very precise
requirements. Other possible ways-out, like gauge mediated SUSY breaking, are
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2829 </DOCNO>
How do Fermi liquids get heavy and die?


  We discuss non-Fermi liquid and quantum critical behavior in heavy fermion
materials, focussing on the mechanism by which the electron mass appears to
diverge at the quantum critical point. We ask whether the basic mechanism for
the transformation involves electron diffraction off a quantum critical spin
density wave, or whether a break-down in the composite nature of the heavy
electron takes place at the quantum critical point. We show that the Hall
constant changes continously in the first scenario, but may ``jump''
discontinuously at a quantum critical point where the composite character of
the electron quasiparticles changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150294 </DOCNO>
Free Fields Equations For Space-Time Algebras With Tensorial Momentum


  Free field equations, with various spins, for space-time algebras with
second-rank tensor (instead of usual vector) momentum are constructed. Similar
algebras are appearing in superstring/M theories. The most attention is payed
to the gauge invariance properties, particularly the spin two equations with
gauge invariance are constructed for dimensions 2+2 and 2+4 and connection to
Einstein equation and diffeomorphism invariance is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73973 </DOCNO>
The 8k-3 Instanton


  We give an explicit parameterization of the general 8k -3 instanton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129016 </DOCNO>
Virial theorem analysis of 3D numerical simulations of MHD


  We discuss the virial balance of all members of a cloud ensemble in numerical
simulations of self-gravitating MHD turbulence. We first discuss the choice of
reference frame for evaluating the terms entering the virial theorem (VT),
concluding that the balance of each cloud should be measured in its own
reference frame. We then report preliminary results suggesting that a) the
clouds are far from virial equilibrium, with the ``geometric'' (time
derivative) terms dominating the VT. b) The surface terms in the VT are as
important as the volume ones, and tend to decrease the action of the latter. c)
This implies that gravitational binding should be considered including the
surface terms in the overall balance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2664 </DOCNO>
Tilt Texture Domains on a Membrane and Chirality induced Budding


  We study the equilibrium conformations of a lipid domain on a planar fluid
membrane where the domain is decorated by a vector field representing the tilt
of the stiff fatty acid chains of the lipid molecules, while the surrounding
membrane is fluid and structureless. The inclusion of chirality in the bulk of
the domain induces a novel budding of the membrane, which preempts the budding
induced by a decrease in interfacial tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96200 </DOCNO>
Riemannian manifolds with maximal eigenfunction growth


  On any compact Riemannian manifold $(M, g)$ of dimension $n$, the
$L^2$-normalized eigenfunctions $\{\phi_{\lambda}\}$ satisfy
$||\phi_{\lambda}||_{\infty} \leq C \lambda^{\frac{n-1}{2}}$ where $-\Delta
\phi_{\lambda} = \lambda^2 \phi_{\lambda}.$ The bound is sharp in the class of
all $(M, g)$ since it is obtained by zonal spherical harmonics on the standard
$n$-sphere $S^n$. But of course, it is not sharp for many Riemannian manifolds,
e.g. flat tori $\R^n/\Gamma$. We say that $S^n$, but not $\R^n/\Gamma$, is a
Riemannian manifold with maximal eigenfunction growth. The problem which
motivates this paper is to determine the $(M, g)$ with maximal eigenfunction
growth. Our main result is that such an $(M, g)$ must have a point $x$ where
the set ${\mathcal L}_x$ of geodesic loops at $x$ has positive measure in
$S^*_x M$. We show that if $(M, g)$ is real analytic, this puts topological
restrictions on $M$, e.g. only $M = S^2$ (topologically) in dimension 2 can
possess a real analytic metric of maximal eigenfunction growth. We further show
that generic metrics on any $M$ fail to have maximal eigenfunction growth. In
addition, we construct an example of $(M, g)$ for which ${\mathcal L}_x$ has
positive measure for an open set of $x$ but which does not have maximal
eigenfunction growth, thus disproving a naive converse to the main result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81168 </DOCNO>
Vortex waistlines and long range fluctuations


  We examine the manner in which a linear potential results from fluctuations
due to vortices linked with the Wilson loop. Our discussion is based on exact
relations and inequalities between the Wilson loop and the vortex and electric
flux order parameters. We show that, contrary to the customary naive picture,
only vortex fluctuations of thickness of the order of the spatial linear size
of the loop are capable of producing a strictly linear potential. An effective
theory of these long range fluctuations emerges naturally in the form of a
strongly coupled Z(N) lattice gauge theory. We also point out that dynamical
fermions introduced in this medium undergo chiral symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85741 </DOCNO>
Navigation in Curved Space-Time


  A covariant and invariant theory of navigation in curved space-time with
respect to electromagnetic beacons is written in terms of J. L. Synge's
two-point invariant world function. Explicit equations are given for navigation
in space-time in the vicinity of the Earth in Schwarzschild coordinates and in
rotating coordinates. The restricted problem of determining an observer's
coordinate time when their spatial position is known is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74419 </DOCNO>
The Influence of an External Chromomagnetic Field on Color


  We study the competition of quark-antiquark and diquark condensates under the
influence of an external chromomagnetic field modelling the gluon condensate
and in dependence on the chemical potential and temperature. As our results
indicate, an external chromomagnetic field might produce remarkable qualitative
changes in the picture of the color superconducting (CSC) phase formation. This
concerns, in particular, the possibility of a transition to the CSC phase and
diquark condensation at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127586 </DOCNO>
Oscillation power across the HR diagram : sensitivity to the convection


  Solar-like oscillations are stochastically excited by turbulent convection.
In this work we investigate changes in the acoustic oscillation power spectrum
of solar-type stars by varying the treatment of convection in the equilibrium
structure and the properties of the stochastic excitation model. We consider
different stellar models computed with the standard mixing-length description
by Bohm-Vitense (1958) and with a generalized formulation of the mixing-length
approach by Gough (1976, 1977). We calculate the acoustic power generated by
the turbulent convection which is injected stochastically into the acoustic
pulsation modes.
  Large differences in the oscillation powers are obtained depending on the
choice of the assumed convection formulation. We show that the high-quality
data Eddington will provide, will allow us to distinguish between theoretical
predictions of acoustic power spectra obtained with different convection
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148128 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional anyons and the temperature dependence of commutator


  The temperature dependence of commutator anomalies is discussed on the
explicit example of particular (anyonic) field operators in two dimensions. The
correlation functions obtained show that effects of the non-zero temperature
might manifest themselves not only globally but also locally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76005 </DOCNO>
On the Status of Three-Neutrino Mixing


  All existing solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation data are described by
the standard two-neutrino formulas with neutrino mass squared differences that
satisfy the hierarchy relation $\Delta m^{2}_{sol} \ll \Delta m^{2}_{atm}$. We
discuss this phenomenon from the point of view of three-neutrino mixing.
Possibilities to see effects of three-neutrino mixing and, in particular,
effects of CP-violation in the lepton sector depend on the values of
$|U_{e3}|^2 $ and $\Delta m^{2}_{sol}$. We present an upper bound of
$|U_{e3}|^2 $, which was obtained from a three-neutrino analysis of CHOOZ data
in the case if the solar neutrino oscillation parameters lie in the LMA allowed
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6497 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation-dissipation relations and effective temperatures in simple


  We give a brief review of violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem
(FDT) in out-of-equilibrium systems; in mean field scenarios the corresponding
fluctuation-dissipation (FD) plots can, in the limit of long times, be used to
define a {\em effective temperature} $\teff$ that shares many properties of the
true thermodynamic temperature $T$. We discuss carefully how correlation and
response functions need to be represented to obtain meaningful limiting FD
plots in {\em non-mean field} systems. A minimum requirement on the resulting
effective temperatures is that they should be independent of the observable
whose correlator and response are being considered; we show for two simple
models with glassy dynamics (Bouchaud's trap model and the Glauber-Ising chain
at zero temperature) that this is generically not the case. Consequences for
the wider applicability of effective temperatures derived from FD relations are
discussed; one intriguing possibility is that at least the limit of the FDT
violation factor for well separated times may generically be
observable-independent and so could yield a meaningful $\teff$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87207 </DOCNO>
The Ermakov-Pinney Equation in Scalar Field Cosmologies


  It is shown that the dynamics of cosmologies sourced by a mixture of perfect
fluids and self-interacting scalar fields are described by the non-linear,
Ermakov-Pinney equation. The general solution of this equation can be expressed
in terms of particular solutions to a related, linear differential equation.
This characteristic is employed to derive exact cosmologies in the inflationary
and quintessential scenarios. The relevance of the Ermakov-Pinney equation to
the braneworld scenario is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149387 </DOCNO>
Associativity Equations in Effective SUSY Quantum Field Theories


  The role of associativity or WDVV equations in effective supersymmetric
quantum theories is discussed and it is demonstrated that for wide class of
their solutions when residue formulas are valid the proof of associativity
equations can be reduced to solving the system of ordinary linear equations and
depends only upon corresponding matching and nondegeneracy conditions. The
covariance of WDVV equations upon generic duality transformations and the role
of associativity equations in general context of quasiclassical integrable
systems is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41465 </DOCNO>
Separation of quark and gluon jets in the direct photon production


  A neural network technique is used to discriminate between quark and gluon
jets produced in the qg->q+photon and q q->g+photon processes at the LHC.
Considering the network as a trigger and using the PYTHIA event generator and
the full event fast simulation package for the CMS detector CMSJET we obtain
signal-to-background ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7440 </DOCNO>
Spectral flow dissipation in superconducting point contacts


  We investigate transport in superconducting point contacts carried by the
Andreev states and demonstrate that the multiple Andreev reflections (MAR)
mediating the transport are equivalent to the spectral flow through the mid-gap
states. We find that a small amount of impurities in the area of the contact
gives rise to an effective momentum exchange that competes with the ballistic
MAR. For voltages lower than an effective impurity relaxation rate, a new
linear region in the I-V dependence emerges with a conductance much larger than
that in the Ohmic regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41745 </DOCNO>
Search for Doubly Charged Higgs Bosons with the OPAL detector at LEP


  A search for pair-produced doubly charged Higgs bosons has been performed
using data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 614 pb-1
collected with the OPAL detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies between
189GeV and 209GeV. No evidence for a signal has been observed. A mass limit of
98.5GeV/c2 at the 95% confidence level has been set for the doubly charged
Higgs particle in left-right symmetric models. This is the first search for
doubly charged Higgs bosons at centre-of-mass energies larger than 91GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1842 </DOCNO>
Raman scattering through a metal-insulator transition


  The exact solution for nonresonant A1g and B1g Raman scattering is presented
for the simplest model that has a correlated metal-insulator transition---the
Falicov-Kimball model, by employing dynamical mean field theory. In the general
case, the A1g response includes nonresonant, resonant, and mixed contributions,
the B1g response includes nonresonant and resonant contributions (we prove the
Shastry-Shraiman relation for the nonresonant B1g response) while the B2g
response is purely resonant. Three main features are seen in the nonresonant
B1g channel: (i) the rapid appearance of low-energy spectral weight at the
expense of higher-energy weight; (b) the frequency range for this low-energy
spectral weight is much larger than the onset temperature, where the response
first appears; and (iii) the occurrence of an isosbestic point, which is a
characteristic frequency where the Raman response is independent of temperature
for low temperatures. Vertex corrections renormalize away all of these
anomalous features in the nonresonant A1g channel. The calculated results
compare favorably to the Raman response of a number of correlated systems on
the insulating side of the quantum-critical point (ranging from Kondo
insulators, to mixed-valence materials, to underdoped high-temperature
superconductors). We also show why the nonresonant B1g Raman response is
``universal'' on the insulating side of the metal-insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125843 </DOCNO>
Disk Accretion at 10 Myr: Results from the TW Hydrae Association


  We present an analysis of the accretion properties of the members of the TW
Hydrae association. The Halpha emission line profile provides explicit evidence
of an active accretion flow in 3 out of 23 observed members of the association;
we use radiative transfer models to derive approximate accretion rates for
these 3 objects. The resulting accretion rates for these 10 Myr-old stars
(<10^-9 Msun/yr) are well over an order of magnitude lower than typical values
in 1 Myr-old T Tauri stars. The small fraction of TW Hydrae association objects
still accreting (13%, compared with ~70% in 1 Myr-old regions like Taurus),
along with the very small accretion rates, points to significant disk evolution
over 10 Myr, providing an important constraint on the timescales for planet
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76420 </DOCNO>
Searching for Higgs Bosons in Association with Top Quark Pairs in the H


  Search for the Higgs Boson is one of the prime goals of the LHC. Higgs bosons
lighter than 130 GeV decay mainly to a b-quark pair. While the detection of a
directly produced Higgs boson in the bb channel is impossible because of the
huge QCD background, the channel ttH -> lnqqbbbb is very promising in the
Standard Model and the MSSM.
  We discuss an event reconstruction and selection method based on likelihood
functions. The CMS detector response is performed with parametrisations
obtained from detailed simulations. Various physics and detector performance
scenarios are investigated and the results are presented. It turns out that
excellent b-tagging performance and good mass resolution are essential for this
channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148361 </DOCNO>
K\"ahler geometry and SUSY mechanics


  We present two examples of SUSY mechanics related with K\"ahler geometry. The
first system is the N=4 supersymmetric one-dimensional sigma-model proposed in
hep-th/0101065. Another system is the N=2 SUSY mechanics whose phase space is
the external algebra of an arbitrary K\"ahler manifold. The relation of these
models with antisymplectic geometry is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86251 </DOCNO>
Infinite Kinematic Self-Similarity and Perfect Fluid Spacetimes


  Perfect fluid spacetimes admitting a kinematic self-similarity of infinite
type are investigated. In the case of plane, spherically or hyperbolically
symmetric space-times the field equations reduce to a system of autonomous
ordinary differential equations. The qualitative properties of solutions of
this system of equations, and in particular their asymptotic behavior, are
studied. Special cases, including some of the invariant sets and the geodesic
case, are examined in detail and the exact solutions are provided. The class of
solutions exhibiting physical self-similarity are found to play an important
role in describing the asymptotic behavior of the infinite kinematic
self-similar models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95732 </DOCNO>
An asymptotically good tower of curves of the field with eight elements


  We construct an explicit asymptotically good tower of curves over the field
with eight elements. Its limit is 3/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125212 </DOCNO>
Binary neutron star mergers in fully general relativistic simulations


  We perform 3D numerical simulations for merger of equal mass binary neutron
stars in full general relativity preparing irrotational binary neutron stars in
a quasiequilibrium state as initial conditions. Simulations have been carried
out for a wide range of stiffness of equations of state and compactness of
neutron stars, paying particular attention to the final products and
gravitational waves. We take a fixed uniform grid in Cartesian coordinates with
typical grid size $(293,293,147)$ in $(x,y,z)$ assuming a plane symmetry with
respect to the equatorial plane. A result of one new large-scale simulation
performed with grid size $(505,505,253)$ is also presented.
  We find that the final product depends sensitively on the initial compactness
of the neutron stars: In a merger between sufficiently compact neutron stars, a
black hole is formed in a dynamical timescale. As the compactness is decreased,
the formation timescale becomes longer and longer. For less compact cases, a
differentially rotating massive neutron star is formed instead of a black hole.
In the case of black hole formation, the disk mass around the black hole
appears to be smaller than 1% of the total rest mass. It is also indicated that
waveforms of high-frequency gravitational waves after merger depend strongly on
the compactness of neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86195 </DOCNO>
Causality, shocks and instabilities in vector field models of Lorentz


  We show that that vector field-based models of the ether generically do not
have a Hamiltonian that is bounded from below in a flat spacetime. We also
demonstrate that these models possess multiple light cones in flat or curved
spacetime, and that the non-lightlike characteristic is associated with an
ether degree of freedom that will tend to form shocks. Since the field
equations (and propagation speed) of this mode is singular when the timelike
component of the ether vector field vanishes, we demonstrate that linearized
analyses about such configurations cannot be trusted to produce robust
approximations to the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5441 </DOCNO>
On critical behavior of phase transitions in certain antiferromagnets


  Within the four-loop $\ve$ expansion, we study the critical behavior of
certain antiferromagnets with complicated ordering. We show that an anisotropic
stable fixed point governs the phase transitions with new critical exponents.
This is supported by the estimate of critical dimensionality $N_c^C=1.445(20)$
obtained from six loops via the exact relation $N_c^C={1/2} N_c^R$ established
for the real and complex hypercubic models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97417 </DOCNO>
On the Divergence of the Rogers-Ramanujan Continued Fraction on the Unit


  Let the continued fraction expansion of any irrational number $t \in (0,1)$
be denoted by $[0,a_{1}(t),a_{2}(t),...]$ and let the i-th convergent of this
continued fraction expansion be denoted by $c_{i}(t)/d_{i}(t)$. Let \[ S=\{t
\in (0,1): a_{i+1}(t) \geq \phi^{d_{i}(t)} \text{infinitely often}\}, \] where
$\phi = (\sqrt{5}+1)/2$. Let $Y_{S} =\{\exp(2 \pi i t): t \in S \}$. It is
shown that if $y \in Y_{S}$ then the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction, R(y),
diverges at y. S is an uncountable set of measure zero. It is also shown that
there is an uncountable set of points, $G \subset Y_{S}$, such that if $y \in
G$, then R(y) does not converge generally.
  It is further shown that R(y) does not converge generally for |y| > 1 and
that R(y) does converge generally if y is a primitive 5m-th root of unity, some
$m \in \mathbb{N}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2012 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous stripe order at certain even-denominator fractions in the


  An understanding of the physics of half or quarter filled lowest Landau level
has been achieved in terms of a Fermi sea of composite fermions, but the nature
of the state at other even-denominator fractions has remained unclear. We
investigate in this work Landau level fillings of the form $\nu=(2n+1)/(4n+4)$,
which correspond to composite fermion fillings $\nu^*=n+1/2$. By considering
various plausible candidate states, we rule out the composite-fermion Fermi sea
and paired composite-fermion state at these filling factors, and predict that
the system phase separates into stripes of $n$ and $n+1$ filled Landau levels
of composite fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128485 </DOCNO>
Gravitational microlensing of stars with transiting planets


  If planetary systems are ubiquitous then a fraction of stars should possess a
transiting planet when being microlensed. This paper presents a study of the
influence of such planets on microlensing light curves. For the giant planets
recently identified, the deviations in the light curve can be substantial,
although the specifics of the perturbations are dependent upon the radius of
the planet relative to that of the star, the location of the planet over the
stellar surface and the orientation of the sweeping caustic. Given that the
instantaneous probability of transiting hot-Jupiter like planets is small, less
than a percent, and only a proportion of microlensing events exhibit caustic
crossing events, the probability of detecting a transiting planet during a
microlensing event is small, $\sim10^{-6}$. However, a number of factors
influencing this probability, such as the number of solar type star that
possess planets, are uncertain, and the prospect of detecting transiting
planets in future large catalogues of microlensing light curves may be viable.
The results of this study also have bearing on the gravitational microlensing
of spots on the stellar surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148945 </DOCNO>
Finitized Conformal Spectra of the Ising Model on the Klein Bottle and


  We study the conformal spectra of the critical square lattice Ising model on
the Klein bottle and M\"obius strip using Yang-Baxter techniques and the
solution of functional equations. In particular, we obtain expressions for the
finitized conformal partition functions in terms of finitized Virasoro
characters. This demonstrates that Yang-Baxter techniques and functional
equations can be used to study the conformal spectra of more general exactly
solvable lattice models in these topologies. The results rely on certain
properties of the eigenvalues which are confirmed numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168346 </DOCNO>
Observation of the Quantum Zeno and Anti-Zeno effects in an unstable


  We report the first observation of the Quantum Zeno and Anti-Zeno effects in
an unstable system. Cold sodium atoms are trapped in a far-detuned standing
wave of light that is accelerated for a controlled duration. For a large
acceleration the atoms can escape the trapping potential via tunneling.
Initially the number of trapped atoms shows strong non-exponential decay
features, evolving into the characteristic exponential decay behavior. We
repeatedly measure the number of atoms remaining trapped during the initial
period of non-exponential decay. Depending on the frequency of measurements we
observe a decay that is suppressed or enhanced as compared to the unperturbed
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86847 </DOCNO>
A possible gauge formulation for gravity?


  A possible Yang-Mills like lagrangian formulation for gravity is explored.
The starting point consists on two next assumptions. First, the metric is
assumed as a real map from a given gauge group. Second, a gauge invariant
lagrangian density is considered with the condition that it is related to the
Einstein one up to a bound term. We study a stationary solution of the abelian
case for the spherical symmetry, which is connected to the M\"oller's Maxwell
like formulation for gravity. Finally, it is showed the consistence of this
formulation with the Newtonian limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5178 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of the powder-in-tube Cu-Mg-B and Ag-Mg-B


  The new class of Mg-B superconducting conductors was prepared using the
standard in-situ powder-in-tube, PIT, method where Mg+2B mixture was used to
fill the copper and silver tubes. Study of the intergranular current, grain
connectivity and superconducting phases in wires were conducted by AC
susceptibility measurements and direct four point transport measurements. Using
SQUID magnetometer, magnetisation versus magnetic field (M-H) curves of the
round wires after reactive diffusion were measured at temperatures 5K and
magnetic field up to 5T to define the Jcmag . The direct current density
measurements of the in-situ Cu-MgB2 performed at 4.2K gave the value of 10^9
Am-2 .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7356 </DOCNO>
Collective excitations of trapped Bose condensates in the energy and


  A time-dependent method for calculating the collective excitation frequencies
and densities of a trapped, inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate with
circulation is presented. The results are compared with time-independent
solutions of the Bogoliubov-deGennes equations. The method is based on
time-dependent linear-response theory combined with spectral analysis of
moments of the excitation modes of interest. The technique is straightforward
to apply, is extremely efficient in our implementation with parallel FFT
methods, and produces highly accurate results. The method is suitable for
general trap geometries, condensate flows and condensates permeated with vortex
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126147 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Modeling of Starburst Galaxies


  We have modeled a large sample of infrared starburst galaxies using both the
PEGASE v2.0 and STARBURST99 codes to generate the spectral energy distribution
of the young star clusters. PEGASE utilizes the Padova group tracks while
STARBURST99 uses the Geneva group tracks, allowing comparison between the two.
We used our MAPPINGS III code to compute photoionization models which include a
self-consistent treatment of dust physics and chemical depletion. We use the
standard optical diagnostic diagrams as indicators of the hardness of the EUV
radiation field in these galaxies. These diagnostic diagrams are most sensitive
to the spectral index of the ionizing radiation field in the 1-4 Rydberg
region. We find that warm infrared starburst galaxies contain a relatively hard
EUV field in this region. The PEGASE ionizing stellar continuum is harder in
the 1-4 Rydberg range than that of STARBURST99. As the spectrum in this regime
is dominated by emission from Wolf-Rayet (W-R) stars, this difference is most
likely due to the differences in stellar atmosphere models used for the W-R
stars. We believe that the stellar atmospheres in STARBURST99 are more
applicable to the starburst galaxies in our sample, however they do not produce
the hard EUV field in the 1-4 Rydberg region required by our observations. The
inclusion of continuum metal blanketing in the models may be one solution.
Supernova remnant (SNR) shock modeling shows that the contribution by
mechanical energy from SNRs to the photoionization models is << 20%. The models
presented here are used to derive a new theoretical classification scheme for
starbursts and AGN galaxies based on the optical diagnostic diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3490 </DOCNO>
Tails of probability density for sums of random independent variables


  The exact expression for the probability density $p_{_N}(x)$ for sums of a
finite number $N$ of random independent terms is obtained. It is shown that the
very tail of $p_{_N}(x)$ has a Gaussian form if and only if all the random
terms are distributed according to the Gauss Law. In all other cases the tail
for $p_{_N}(x)$ differs from the Gaussian. If the variances of random terms
diverge the non-Gaussian tail is related to a Levy distribution for
$p_{_N}(x)$. However, the tail is not Gaussian even if the variances are
finite. In the latter case $p_{_N}(x)$ has two different asymptotics. At small
and moderate values of $x$ the distribution is Gaussian. At large $x$ the
non-Gaussian tail arises. The crossover between the two asymptotics occurs at
$x$ proportional to $N$. For this reason the non-Gaussian tail exists at finite
$N$ only. In the limit $N$ tends to infinity the origin of the tail is shifted
to infinity, i. e., the tail vanishes. Depending on the particular type of the
distribution of the random terms the non-Gaussian tail may decay either slower
than the Gaussian, or faster than it. A number of particular examples is
discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7372 </DOCNO>
Unstable particles versus resonances in impurity systems, conductance in


  We compute the DC conductance for a homogeneous sine-Gordon model and an
impurity system of Luttinger liquid type by means of the thermodynamic Bethe
ansatz and standard potential scattering theory. We demonstrate that unstable
particles and resonances in impurity systems lead to a sharp increase of the
conductance as a function of the tempearture, which is characterized by the
Breit-Wigner formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81243 </DOCNO>
Second Order Perturbation Theory for Improved Gluon and Staggered Quark


  We present the results of our perturbative calculations of the static quark
potential, small Wilson loops, the static quark self energy, and the mean link
in Landau gauge. These calculations are done for the one loop Symanzik improved
gluon action, and the improved staggered quark action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7048 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structure of the c(2x2)O/Cu(001) System


  The locally self-consistent real space multiple scattering technique has been
applied to calculate the electronic structure and chemical binding for the
c(2x2)O/Cu(001) system, as a function of $d_{O-Cu1}$ -- the height of oxygen
above the fourfold hollow sites. It is found that the chemical binding between
oxygen and copper has a mixed ionic-covalent character for all plausible values
of $d_{O-Cu1}$. Furthermore, the electron charge transfer from Cu to O depends
strongly on $d_{O-Cu1}$ and is traced to the variation of the long-range
electrostatic part of the potential. A competition between the hybridization of
Cu1-$d_{xz}$ with O-$p_x,p_y$ and Cu1-$d_{x^2-y^2}$ with O-$p_z$ states
controls modification of the electronic structure when oxygen atoms approach
the Cu(001) surface. The anisotropy of the oxygen valence electron charge
density is found to be strongly and non-monotonically dependent on $d_{O-Cu1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73876 </DOCNO>
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: A Probe of Physics and Astrophysics at


  The origin of cosmic rays is one of the major unresolved questions in
astrophysics. In particular, the highest energy cosmic rays observed possess
macroscopic energies and their origin is likely associated with the most
energetic processes in the Universe. They thus provide a probe of physics and
astrophysics at energies that are unreached in laboratory experiments.
Theoretical explanations range from acceleration of charged particles in
astrophysical environments to particle physics beyond the well established
Standard Model, and processes taking place at the earliest moments of our
Universe. Distinguishing between these scenarios requires detectors with
effective areas in the 1000 km^2 range which are now under construction or in
the planning stage. Close connections with gamma-ray and neutrino astrophysics
add to the interdisciplinary character of this field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72857 </DOCNO>
Soft and virtual corrections to pp -> H + X at NNLO


  The contributions of virtual corrections and soft gluon emission to the
inclusive Higgs production cross section pp -> H + X are computed at
next-to-next-to-leading order in the heavy top quark limit. We show that this
part of the total cross section is well behaved in the sense of perturbative
convergence, with the NNLO corrections amounting to an enhancement of the NLO
cross section by \sim 5% for LHC and 10-20% for the Tevatron. We compare our
results with an existing estimate of the full NNLO effects and argue that an
analytic evaluation of the hard scattering contributions is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76479 </DOCNO>
Theory versus experiments in heavy flavour production


  I discuss the current status of the comparison between theoretical
predictions and experimental data, relevant to the production of open charm and
bottom quarks in photon-hadron and photon-photon collisions. I advocate the use
of a formalism that matches fixed-order computations to resummed computations
in order to make firm statements on heavy flavour production as described by
perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87072 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Approach to Higher Derivative and Nonlocal Theories


  We review a perturbative approach to deal with Lagrangians with higher or
infinite order time derivatives. It enables us to construct a consistent
Poisson structure and Hamiltonian with only first time derivatives order by
order in coupling. To the lowest order, the Hamiltonian is bounded from below
whenever the potential is. We consider spacetime noncommutative field theory as
an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72619 </DOCNO>
Effective String Theory of Vortices and Regge Trajectories of Hybrid


  We show how a field theory containing classical vortex solutions can be
expressed as an effective string theory of long distance QCD describing the two
transverse oscillations of the string. We use the semiclassical expansion of
this effective string theory about a classical rotating string solution to
obtain Regge trajectories for mesons with zero mass quarks. The first
semiclassical correction adds the constant 1/12 to the classical Regge formula
for the angular momentum of mesons on the leading Regge trajectory. In D
spacetime dimensions, this additive constant is (D-2)/24. The excited states of
the rotating string give rise to daughter Regge trajectories determining the
spectrum of hybrid mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128232 </DOCNO>
Topology and Polarisation of Subbeams Associated With Pulsar B0943+10's


  In the previous paper of this series Deshpande & Rankin (2001) reported
results regarding subpulse-drift phenomenon in pulsar B0943+10 at 430 MHz and
111 MHz. This study has led to the identification of a stable system of
subbeams circulating around the magnetic axis of this star. Here, we present a
single-pulse analysis of our observations of this pulsar at 35 MHz. The
fluctuation properties seen at this low frequency, as well as our independent
estimates of the number of subbeams required and their circulation time, agree
remarkably well with the reported behavior at higher frequencies. We use the
`cartographic'-transform mapping technique developed in Paper-I to study the
emission pattern in the polar region of this pulsar. The significance of our
results in the context of radio emission mechanisms is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97272 </DOCNO>
The mod 2 cohomology of fixed point sets of anti-symplectic involutions


  Let $M$ be a compact, connected symplectic manifold with a Hamiltonian action
of a compact $n$-dimensional torus $G=T^n$. Suppose that $\sigma$ is an
anti-symplectic involution compatible with the $G$-action. The real locus of
$M$ is $X$, the fixed point set of $\sigma$. Duistermaat uses Morse theory to
give a description of the ordinary cohomology of $X$ in terms of the cohomology
of $M$. There is a residual $\G=(\Zt)^n$ action on $X$, and we can use
Duistermaat's result, as well as some general facts about equivariant
cohomology, to prove an equivariant analogue to Duistermaat's theorem. In some
cases, we can also extend theorems of Goresky-Kottwitz-MacPherson and
Goldin-Holm to the real locus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73388 </DOCNO>
Irreversibility and dissipation in neutral B-meson decays


  The propagation and decay of neutral B-mesons can be described in terms of
quantum dynamical semigroups; they provide generalized time-evolutions that
take into account possible non-standard effects leading to loss of phase
coherence and dissipation. These effects can be fully parametrized in terms of
six phenomenological constants. A detailed analysis of selected B-meson decays
shows that present and future dedicated experiments, both at colliders and
B-factories, will be able to put stringent bounds on these non-standard
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150224 </DOCNO>
[SU(5)]^3 SUSY unification


  In the present paper we demonstrate the possibility of the [SUSY(5)]^3 SUSY
unification at the energy scale $\mu_{GUT}\approx 10^{18.3} GeV$ with the value
of GUT inverse finestructure constant $\alpha_{GUT}^{-1}\approx 34.4$, which is
very close to its critical value $\alpha_{5, crit}^{-1}\approx 34.0$, existing
at the Planck scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5023 </DOCNO>
Controlled dephasing of Andreev states in superconducting quantum


  We have studied the relaxation and dephasing processes in a superconducting
quantum point contact induced by the interaction with an electromagnetic
environment. Based on a density matrix approach we obtain the rates for the
dissipative dynamics as function of the transmission, the phase difference on
the contact and the external impedance. Our calculation allows to determine the
appropriate range of parameters for the observation of coherent oscillations in
the current through the contact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123601 </DOCNO>
Crystallinity versus mass-loss rate in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars


  Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations have shown that O-rich
Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars exhibit crystalline silicate features in
their spectra only if their mass-loss rate is higher than a certain threshold
value. Usually, this is interpreted as evidence that crystalline silicates are
not present in the dust shells of low mass-loss rate objects. In this study,
radiative transfer calculations have been performed to search for an
alternative explanation to the lack of crystalline silicate features in the
spectrum of low mass-loss rate AGB stars. It is shown that due to a temperature
difference between amorphous and crystalline silicates it is possible to
include up to 40% of crystalline silicate material in the circumstellar dust
shell, without the spectra showing the characteristic spectral features. Since
this implies that low mass-loss rate AGB stars might also form crystalline
silicates and deposit them into the Interstellar Medium (ISM), the described
observational selection effect may put the process of dust formation around AGB
stars and the composition of the predominantly amorphous dust in the
Interstellar Medium in a different light. Our model calculations result in a
diagnostic tool to determine the crystallinity of an AGB star with a known
mass-loss rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 873 </DOCNO>
Flux front penetration in disordered superconductors


  We investigate flux front penetration in a disordered type II superconductor
by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of interacting vortices and find scaling
laws for the front position and the density profile. The scaling can be
understood performing a coarse graining of the system and writing a disordered
non-linear diffusion equation. Integrating numerically the equation, we observe
a crossover from flat to fractal front penetration as the system parameters are
varied. The value of the fractal dimension indicates that the invasion process
is described by gradient percolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128260 </DOCNO>
The infrared luminosity of the torus and the visibility of scattered


  A number of studies have shown that the visibility of scattered broad
emission lines in Seyfert 2 galaxies is strongly dependent on the IRAS
f_60/f_25 flux ratio, where those Seyfert 2s with `warm' IRAS colours show
polarised broad line emission. It is now clear that this effect is due to the
increasing dominance of the galactic rather than the AGN emission at 60um in
less luminous `cool' Seyfert 2s. However, we present evidence that the 25um
emission is a good measure of the AGN luminosity for most Seyfert 2s. Using
this result, we show that the visibility of scattered broad line emission has a
dependence on the AGN luminosity. The observations can be interpreted
self-consistently if the scale height of the scattering zone varies with
central source luminosity whilst the scale height of the obscuring torus is
approximately constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86504 </DOCNO>
Stars in the braneworld


  We show that in a Randall-Sundrum II type braneworld, the vacuum exterior of
a spherical star is not in general a Schwarzschild spacetime, but has
radiative-type stresses induced by 5-dimensional graviton effects. Standard
matching conditions do not lead to a unique exterior on the brane because of
these 5-dimensional graviton effects. We find an exact uniform-density stellar
solution on the brane, and show that the general relativity upper bound
$GM/R<{4\over9}$ is reduced by 5-dimensional high-energy effects. The existence
of neutron stars leads to a constraint on the brane tension that is stronger
than the big bang nucleosynthesis constraint, but weaker than the Newton-law
experimental constraint. We present two different non-Schwarzschild exteriors
that match the uniform-density star on the brane, and we give a uniqueness
conjecture for the full 5-dimensional problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86996 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Stars in General Relativity


  We present a class of exact solutions of Einstein's gravitational field
equations describing spherically symmetric and static anisotropic stellar type
configurations. The solutions are obtained by assuming a particular form of the
anisotropy factor. The energy density and both radial and tangential pressures
are finite and positive inside the anisotropic star. Numerical results show
that the basic physical parameters (mass and radius) of the model can describe
realistic astrophysical objects like neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 440 </DOCNO>
Random Heteropolymer Dynamics


  We study the Langevin dynamics of the standard random heteropolymer model by
mapping the problem to a supersymmetric field theory using the
Martin-Siggia-Rose formalism. The resulting model is solved non-perturbatively
employing a Gaussian variational approach. In constructing the solution, we
assume that the chain is very long and impose the translational invariance
which is expected to be present in the bulk of the globule by averaging over
the center the of mass coordinate. In this way we derive equations of motion
for the correlation and response functions C(t,t') and R(t,t'). The order
parameters are extracted from the asymptotic behavior of these functions. We
find a dynamical phase diagram with frozen (glassy) and melted (ergodic)
phases. In the glassy phase the system fails to reach equilibrium and exhibits
aging of the type found in p-spin glasses. Within the approximations used in
this study, the random heteropolymer model can be mapped to the problem of a
manifold in a random potential with power law correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3919 </DOCNO>
Influence of oxygen isotope exchange on the ground state of manganites


  We report a study of oxygen isotope effects on low temperature specific heat,
magnetization, and resistivity of La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ and
(La$_{1-y}$Pr$_{y})_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_{3}$. For the metallic
compositions of La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ and for charge-ordered
La$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ no change in low temperature specific heat has
been detected with $^{16}$O -$^{18}$O exchange, while compounds of
(La$_{1-y}$Pr$_{y})_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_{3}$ (0.4<y<0.6) show a
significant change in low temperature properties. The low temperature specific
heat indicates a presence of the charge-ordered phase even in compositions of
(La$_{1-y}$Pr$_{y})_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_{3}$ which are metallic at low
temperatures. We suggest that the changes induced by the oxygen isotope
exchange are caused by an increase of the charge-ordered phase in $^{18}$O
samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41215 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Phases of G_E and G_M of the Nucleon


  The nucleon electromagnetic form factors G_E and G_M are complex quantities
in the time-like region. The absolute values can be determined by measuring the
angular distribution of the nucleons in e^+ e^- --> N N-bar. The complex phase
can only be determined by measuring one or more polarizations of the initial or
final state. For PEP-N, we can use unpolarized e+ and e- and measure the
polarization of one of the outgoing nucleons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5387 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Dynamics of Hard Ellipsoids in their Liquid and Glassy Phase


  To investigate the influence of orientational degrees of freedom onto the
dynamics of molecular systems in its supercooled and glassy regime we have
solved numerically the mode-coupling equations for hard ellipsoids of
revolution. For a wide range of volume fractions $\phi$ and aspect ratios
$x_{0}$ we find an orientational peak in the center of mass spectra
$\chi_{000}^{''}(q,\omega)$ and $\phi_{000}^{''} (q,\omega)$ about one decade
below a high frequency peak. This orientational peak is the counterpart of a
peak appearing in the quadrupolar spectra $\chi_{22m}^{''}(q,\omega)$ and
$\phi_{22m}^{''}(q,\omega)$. The latter peak is almost insensitive on $\phi$
for $x_{0}$ close to one, i.e. for weak steric hindrance, and broadens strongly
with increasing $x_{0}$. Deep in the glass we find an additional peak between
the orientational and the high frequency peak. We have evidence that this
intermediate peak is the result of a coupling between modes with $l=0$ and
$l=2$, due to the nondiagonality of the static correlators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128889 </DOCNO>
Optical Surveys for Galaxy Clusters


  We present a brief review of the history of optical searches of galaxy
clusters, starting from that of Abell. The traditional application of this
survey method suffers from contamination due to projection of galaxies along
the line of sight, which becomes increasingly more severe at higher redshift.
The new generation of wide-field CCD imagers has provided a renewed impetus for
optical surveys for clusters. We describe a new cluster finding technique using
the red sequence of early-type galaxies in galaxy groups and clusters, which
eliminates the projection problem by essentially producing a 3-D distribution
of red galaxies using two-filter imaging data. The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey
(RCS) is a 100 square degree optical survey, carried out using 4m class
telescopes, which is optimally designed to search for clusters at $0.5<z<1.4$\
utilizing this technique. We present preliminary results which indicate that
the RCS is extremely efficient in detecting galaxy clusters at these redshifts,
including a number of clusters with multiple strong lensing arcs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74203 </DOCNO>
Probing Flavor Changing Neutrino Interactions Using Neutrino Beams from


  We discuss the capabilities of a future neutrino factory based on intense
neutrino beams from a muon storage ring to explore the non-standard neutrino
matter interactions, which are assumed to be sub-leading effects in the
standard mass induced neutrino oscillations. The conjunction of these two
mechanisms will magnify fake CP violating effect in the presence of matter
which is not coming from the CP phase in the neutrino mixing matrix. We show
that such fake CP violation can be observed in neutrino factory experiments by
measuring the difference between the neutrino and anti-neutrino probabilities.
In order to perform such test, we consider three neutrino flavors, admitting
the mixing parameters in the range consistent with the oscillation solution to
the atmospheric and the solar neutrino problems, as well as with the
constraints imposed by the reactor neutrino data. We show that with a 10 kt
detector with 5 years of operation, a stored muon energy E_\mu \ge 20 GeV, 2
\times 10^{20} muon decays per year, and a baseline L \sim 732 km, such a
neutrino facility can probe the non-standard flavor changing neutrino
interactions down to the level of (10^{-3}-10^{-2})~G_F, in both \nu_\mu \to
\nu_\tau/ \bar \nu_\mu \to \bar \nu_\tau and \nu_e \to \nu_\tau/\bar \nu_e \to
\bar \nu_\tau modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6369 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Transition in Doped Antiferromagnet


  We investigate the superconducting transition in a doped antiferromagnet.
Based on the phase string framework of the t-J model, an effective model
describing the phase-coherence transition is obtained and is studied through
duality transformation and renormalization group treatment . We show that such
a topological transition is controlled by spin excitations, with the transition
temperature determined by a characterisitic spin excitation energy. The
existence of an Ising-like long range order of staggered current loops is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125240 </DOCNO>
The Mass Dependence of Stellar Rotation in the Orion Nebula Cluster


  We have determined new rotation periods for 404 stars in the Orion Nebula
Cluster using the Wide Field Imager attached to the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope on
La Silla, Chile. Mass estimates are available for 335 of these and most have M
< 0.3 M_sun. We confirm the existence of a bimodal period distribution for the
higher mass stars in our sample and show that the median rotation rate
decreases with increasing mass for stars in the range 0.1 < M <0.4 M_sun. While
the spread in angular momentum (J) at any given mass is more than a factor of
10, the majority of lower mass stars in the ONC rotate at rates approaching 30%
of their critical break-up velocity, as opposed to 5-10% for solar-like stars.
This is a consequence of both a small increase in observed specific angular
momentum (j=J/M) and a larger decrease in the critical value of j with
decreasing mass. Perhaps the most striking fact, however, is that j varies by
so little - less than a factor of two - over the interval 0.1-1.0 M_sun. The
distribution of rotation rates with mass in the ONC (age ~ 1 My) is similar in
nature to what is found in the Pleiades (age ~ 100 My). These observations
provide a significant new guide and test for models of stellar angular momentum
evolution during the proto-stellar and pre-main sequence phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1891 </DOCNO>
Plasmon dispersion of a weakly degenerate nonideal one-component plasma


  Classical Molecular Dynamics simulations (MD) for a one-component weakly
degenerate plasma are presented. Using an effective quantum pair potential
(Kelbg potential), the dynamic structure factor and the dispersion of Langmuir
waves are computed. The influence of the coupling strength
 $\Gamma$ and degree of degeneracy $\rho \Lambda^3$ on these properties is
discussed. The results are compared with predictions of mean-field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127069 </DOCNO>
Detection of a Large Arc of Ionized Hydrogen Far Above the Cas OB6


  The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) Northern Sky Survey has revealed a loop
of H II reaching 1300 pc from the Galactic midplane above the Cas OB6
association in the Perseus sprial arm. This enormous feature surrounds and
extends far above the "W4 Chimney" identified by Normandeau et al. and appears
to be associated with the star formation activity near the W3/W4/W5 H II region
complex. The existence of this ionized structure suggests that past episodes of
massive star formation have cleared the H I from an enormous volume above the
Perseus arm, allowing Lyman continuum photons from O stars near the Galactic
midplane to reach into the halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73681 </DOCNO>
The structure of radiatively induced Lorentz and CPT violation in QED at


  We obtain the induced Lorentz- and CPT-violating term in QED at finite
temperature using imaginary-time formalism and dimensional regularization. Its
form resembles a Chern-Simons-like structure, but, unexpectedly, it does not
depend on the temporal component of the fixed $b_\mu$ constant vector that is
coupled to the axial current. Nevertheless Ward identities are respected and
its coefficient vanishes at T=0, consistently with previous computations with
the same regularization procedure, and it is a non-trivial function of
temperature. We argue that at finite $T$ a Chern-Simons-like Lorentz- and
CPT-violating term is generically present, the value of its coefficient being
unambiguously determined up to a $T-$independent constant, related to the
zero-temperature renormalization conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126387 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Pulsed X-rays from the SMC Transient RX J0052.1-7319


  Coherent 65 mHz pulsations in the X-ray flux of the Small Magellantic Cloud
(SMC) transient source RX J0052.1-7319 have been detected by us in an analysis
of ROSAT data. We report on the pulsations we detected in ROSAT HRI data and
simultaneous detection of these pulses in hard X-rays using BATSE data. The
BATSE data show an outburst of the source lasting 60 days. We report on optical
observations of the candidate companion, and a new source position we
determined from the HRI data, which is consistent with the candidate's
location. From the measured fluxes and observed frequency derivatives we
exclude the possiblity that the pulsar is in the foreground of the SMC, and
show that an accretion disk is present during the outburst, which peaked near
Eddington luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96712 </DOCNO>
Spectral Quadruples


  A set of data supposed to give possible axioms for spacetimes. It is hoped
that such a proposal can serve to become a testing ground on the way to a
general formulation. At the moment, the axioms are known to be sufficient for
cases with a sufficient number of symmetries, in particular for 1+1 de Sitter
spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5526 </DOCNO>
Critical local-moment fluctuations, anomalous exponents, and omega/T


  Recent experiments in heavy-fermion metals and related theoretical work
suggest that critical local-moment fluctuations can play an important role near
a zero-temperature phase transition. We study such fluctuations at the quantum
critical point of a Kondo impurity problem in which the conduction-band density
of states vanishes like |E|^r at the Fermi energy (E = 0). For 0 < r < 1, the
dynamical spin susceptibility at the critical point has a fractional exponent,
which varies continuously with r; in addition, this susceptibility exhibits
omega/T scaling. These results indicate that the pseudogap Kondo problem
provides a simplified and tractable setting in which to gain a deeper
understanding of the "local criticality" seen in the heavy-fermion systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 776 </DOCNO>
Inverse proximity effect in superconductors near ferromagnetic material


  We study the electronic density of states in a mesoscopic superconductor near
a transparent interface with a ferromagnetic metal. In our tunnel spectroscopy
experiment, a substantial density of states is observed at sub-gap energies
close to a ferromagnet. We compare our data with detailed calculations based on
the Usadel equation, where the effect of the ferromagnet is treated as an
effective boundary condition. We achieve an excellent agreement with theory
when non-ideal quality of the interface is taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97338 </DOCNO>
Family Seiberg-Witten invariants and wall crossing formulas


  In this paper we set up the family Seiberg-Witten theory. It can be applied
to the counting of nodal pseudo-holomorphic curves in a symplectic 4-manifold
(especially a Kahler surface). A new feature in this theory is that the chamber
structure plays a more prominent role. We derive some wall crossing formulas
measuring how the family Seiberg-Witten invariants change from one chamber to
another.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3513 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium dynamics of the zeta urn model


  We consider a mean-field dynamical urn model, defined by rules which give the
rate at which a ball is drawn from an urn and put in another one, chosen
amongst an assembly. At equilibrium, this model possesses a fluid and a
condensed phase, separated by a critical line. We present an analytical study
of the nonequilibrium properties of the fluctuating number of balls in a given
urn, considering successively the temporal evolution of its distribution, of
its two-time correlation and response functions, and of the associated \fd
ratio, both along the critical line and in the condensed phase. For well
separated times the \fd ratio admits non-trivial limit values, both at
criticality and in the condensed phase, which are universal quantities
depending continuously on temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6934 </DOCNO>
Evidence for LineLike Vortex Liquid Phase in Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$


  We measured the Josephson plasma resonance (JPR) in optimally doped
Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ thin films using terahertz time-domain
spectroscopy in transmission. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of
the JPR frequency shows that the c-axis correlations of pancake vortices remain
intact at the transition from the vortex solid to the liquid phase. In this
respect Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ films, withanisotropy parameter
$\gamma\approx 150$, are similar to the less anisotropic
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ $(\gamma\approx 8)$ rather than to the most
anisotropic Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ single crystals $\gamma\geq
500$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73979 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the long-range properties of gravity from weak


  Weak gravitational lensing provides a means of testing the long-range
properties of gravity. Current measurements are consistent with standard
Newtonian gravity and inconsistent with substantial modifications on Mpc
scales. The data allows long range gravity to deviate from a 1/r potential only
on scales where standard cosmology would use normal gravity but be dominated by
dark matter. Thus, abnormal gravity theories must introduce two fine-tuning
scales -- an inner scale to explain flat rotation curves and an outer scale to
force a return to Newtonian gravity on large scales -- and these scales must
coincidently match the scales produced by the dark matter theory after evolving
the universe for 10 billion years starting from initial conditions which are
exquisitely determined from the cosmic microwave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76379 </DOCNO>
The A Dependence of Open Charm and Bottom Production


  We study inclusive heavy quark and exclusive heavy quark pair production in
pp, pA and AA interactions. Intrinsic transverse momentum is introduced
in pp interactions. Nuclear effects, limited to $k_T$ broadening and nuclear
shadowing, are introduced in pA and AA interactions. The nuclear dependence
is studied over a range of energies, both in fixed target and collider setups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148345 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian BRST interactions in Abelian theories


  Consistent couplings between an Abelian gauge field and three types of matter
fields are investigated by means of the Hamiltonian BRST deformation theory
based on cohomological techniques. In this manner, scalar electrodynamics, the
Stuckelberg theory for Abelian zero- and one-forms, respectively, spinor
electrodynamics, are inferred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3565 </DOCNO>
Thermostatistics based on Kolmogorov-Nagumo averages: Unifying framework


  We show that extensive thermostatistics based on Renyi entropy and
Kolmogorov-Nagumo averages can be expressed in terms of Tsallis non- extensive
thermostatistics. We use this correspondence to generalize thermostatistics to
a large class of Kolmogorov-Nagumo means and suitably adapted definitions of
entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77144 </DOCNO>
A New Renormalization Scheme of Fermion Fields in Electroweak Standard


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author,due a immature idea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6157 </DOCNO>
Direct Observation of Quantum Tunneling and Relaxation in Mn12ac


  The relaxation of the spin states within the ground S=10 multiplet in the
molecular cluster \Mn12 has been investigated by a novel type of high frequency
magnetic spectroscopy. While above 2.5 K the relaxation is thermally activated,
at lower temperatures resonant quantum tunneling is directly observed as
magnetic hole burning. The behavior is quantitatively described by taking into
account the inhomogeneous line broadening in the polycrystalline sample, the
time dependence of the level population during the relaxation process, and the
resonant behavior of the relaxation rate due to the quantum tunneling near the
level crossing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75586 </DOCNO>
String Inspired Z' Model With Stable Proton and Light Neutrino Masses


  Grand unification, and its incarnation in the form of heterotic-string
unification, are the only extensions of the Standard Model that are rooted in
the structure of the Standard Model itself. In this context, it was proposed
that the exclusiveness of proton stability and suppression of neutrino masses
necessitates the existence of an additional U(1)_Z' symmetry, which is of
non-GUT origin and remains unbroken down to intermediate, or low, energies.
Realistic string models frequently give rise to non-GUT U(1) symmetries, which
arise from the flavor symmetries in the models. In this paper we demonstrate in
a string-inspired toy model that such a stringy Z' can indeed guarantee proton
longevity and viable phenomenology in the neutrino sector, as well as in the
quark and charged lepton sectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168162 </DOCNO>
Generation of Continuous Variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Entanglement


  We report on the generation of a continuous variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen
(EPR) entanglement using an optical fibre interferometer. The Kerr nonlinearity
in the fibre is exploited for the generation of two independent squeezed beams.
These interfere at a beam splitter and EPR entanglement is obtained between the
output beams. The correlation of the amplitude (phase) quadratures are measured
to be 4.0+-0.2 (4.0+-0.4) dB below the quantum noise limit. The sum criterion
for these squeezing variances 0.80+-0.03 < 2 verifies the nonseparability of
the state. The product of the inferred uncertainties for one beam 0.64+-0.08 is
well below the EPR limit of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86571 </DOCNO>
Relativistic static fluid spheres with a linear equation of state


  It is shown that almost all known solutions of the kind mentioned in the
title are easily derived in a unified manner when a simple ansatz is imposed on
the metric. The Whittaker solution is an exception, replaced by a new solution
with the same equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2354 </DOCNO>
Using Entropy-Based Methods to Study General Constrained Parameter


  In this letter we propose the use of physics techniques for entropy
determination on constrained parameter optimization problems. The main feature
of such techniques, the construction of an unbiased walk on energy space,
suggests their use on the quest for optimal solutions of an optimization
problem. Moreover, the entropy, and its associated density of states, give us
information concerning the feasibility of solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5478 </DOCNO>
Suppression of static stripe formation by next-neighbor hopping


  We show from real-space Hartree-Fock calculations within the extended Hubbard
model that next-nearest neighbor (t') hopping processes act to suppress the
formation of static charge stripes. This result is confirmed by investigating
the evolution of charge-inhomogeneous corral and stripe phases with increasing
t' of both signs. We propose that large t' values in YBCO prevent static stripe
formation, while anomalously small t' in LSCO provides an additional reason for
the appearance of static stripes only in these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125483 </DOCNO>
Theoretical insights into the RR Lyrae K-band Period-Luminosity relation


  Based on updated nonlinear, convective pulsation models computed for several
values of stellar mass, luminosity and metallicity, theoretical constraints on
the K-band Period-Luminosity (PLK) relation of RR Lyrae stars are presented. We
show that for each given metal content the predicted PLK is marginally
dependent on uncertainties of the stellar mass and/or luminosity. Then, by
considering the RR Lyrae masses suggested by evolutionary computations for the
various metallicities, we obtain that the predicted infrared magnitude M_K over
the range 0.0001< Z <0.02 is given by the relation
MK=0.568-2.071logP+0.087logZ-0.778logL/Lo, with a rms scatter of 0.032 mag.
Therefore, by allowing the luminosities of RR Lyrae stars to vary within the
range covered by current evolutionary predictions for metal-deficient (0.0001<
Z <0.006) horizontal branch models, we eventually find that the infrared
Period-Luminosity- Metallicity (PLZK) relation is
MK=0.139-2.071(logP+0.30)+0.167logZ, with a total intrinsic dispersion of 0.037
mag. As a consequence, the use of such a PLZK relation should constrain within
+-0.04 mag the infrared distance modulus of field and cluster RR Lyrae
variables, provided that accurate observations and reliable estimates of the
metal content are available. Moreover, we show that the combination of K and V
measurements can supply independent information on the average luminosity of RR
Lyrae stars, thus yielding tight constraints on the input physics of stellar
evolution computations. Finally, for globular clusters with a sizable sample of
first overtone variables, the reddening can be estimated by using the PLZK
relation together with the predicted MV-logP relation at the blue edge of the
instability strip (Caputo et al. 2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127234 </DOCNO>
The Effects of Photoionization on Galaxy Formation - II: Satellites in


  We use a self-consistent model of galaxy formation and the evolution of the
intergalactic medium to study the effects of the reionization of the universe
at high redshift on the properties of satellite galaxies like those seen around
the Milky Way. Photoionization suppresses the formation of small galaxies, so
that surviving satellites are preferentially those that formed before the
universe reionized. As a result, the number of satellites expected today is
about an order of magnitude smaller than the number inferred by identifying
satellites with subhalos in high-resolution simulations of the dark matter. The
resulting satellite population has an abundance and a distribution of circular
velocities similar to those observed in the Local Group. We explore many other
properties of satellite galaxies, including their gas content, metallicity and
star formation rate, and find generally good agreement with available data. Our
model predicts the existence of many as yet undetected satellites in the Local
Group. We quantify their observability in terms of their apparent magnitude and
surface brightness and also in terms of their constituent stars. A
near-complete census of the Milky Way's satellites would require imaging to
V~20 and to a surface brightness fainter than 26 V-band magnitudes per square
arcsecond. Satellites with integrated luminosity V=15 should contain of order
100 stars brighter than B=26, with central stellar densities of a few tens per
square arcminute. Discovery of a large population of faint satellites would
provide a strong test of current models of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75384 </DOCNO>
Signatures of Doubly Charged Higgs Bosons in e gamma Collisions


  We study the discovery potential for doubly charged Higgs bosons, Delta^--,
in the process e- gamma -> e+ mu- mu- for centre of mass energies appropriate
to high energy e^+e^- linear colliders and the CLIC proposal. For M_Delta <
sqrt{s}_{e gamma} discovery is likely for even relatively small values of the
Yukawa coupling to leptons. However, even far above threshold, evidence for the
Delta can be seen due to contributions from virtual intermediate Delta's
although, in this case, mu- mu- final states can only be produced in sufficient
numbers for discovery for relatively large values of the Yukawa couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179717 </DOCNO>
Weak Decay of Lambda Hypernuclei


  In this review we discuss the present status of strange nuclear physics, with
special attention to the weak decay of Lambda hypernuclei. The models proposed
for the evaluation of the Lambda decay widths are summarized and their results
are compared with the data. Despite the recent intensive investigations, the
main open problem remains a sound theoretical interpretation of the large
experimental values of the ratio G_n/G_p. Although recent works offer a step
forward in the solution of the puzzle, further efforts must be invested in
order to understand the detailed dynamics of the non-mesonic decay. Even if, by
means of single nucleon spectra measurements, the error bars on G_n/G_p have
been considerably reduced very recently at KEK, a clean extraction of G_n/G_p
is needed. What is missing at present, but planned for the next future, are
measurements of 1) nucleon energy spectra in double coincidence and 2) nucleon
angular correlations: such observations allow to disentangle the nucleons
produced in one- and two-body induced decays and lead to a direct determination
of G_n/G_p. For the asymmetric non-mesonic decay of polarized hypernuclei the
situation is even more puzzling. Indeed, strong inconsistencies appear already
among data. A recent experiment obtained a positive intrinsic Lambda asymmetry
parameter, a_{Lambda}, for 5_{Lambda}He. This is in complete disagreement with
a previous measurement, which obtained a large and negative a_{Lambda} for
p-shell hypernuclei, and with theory, which predicts a negative value
moderately dependent on nuclear structure effects. Also in this case, improved
experiments establishing with certainty the sign and magnitude of a_{Lambda}
for s- and p-shell hypernuclei will provide a guidance for a deeper
understanding of hypernuclear dynamics and decay mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149346 </DOCNO>
Braneworld Instantons


  We derive the general equations of motion for a braneworld containing a
(localized) domain wall. Euclideanization gives the geometry for braneworld
false vacuum decay. We explicitly derive these instantons and compute the
amplitude for false vacuum decay. We also show how to construct a toy ekpyrotic
instanton. Finally, we comment on braneworlds with a compact spatial direction
and the adS soliton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126141 </DOCNO>
The spectrum of HD46223


  The spectrum of HD46223 was established from the optical to the far UV and
normalized by the spectrum of a non reddened star of same spectral type. The
resulting spectrum is separated into two components. One is the direct
starlight. The second is an additional component of light scattered at small
angles.
  In the optical the spectrum is dominated by direct starlight which decreases
exponentially due to the linear extinction.
  Scattered light begins to be noticeable in the near-UV. The near-UV rise of
the scattered light is interrupted in the bump region. The wavelength
dependence of the scattered light is established in the far-UV, where scattered
light dominates the extinction curve. A 1/lambda^4 dependence is found, proving
the presence of grains small compared to UV wavelengths.
  The mathematic expressions of the different components mentionned above give
a good fit to the extinction curve in the direction of the star. On a
mathematic standpoint the fit can be completed by a Lorentzien for the 2200Ang.
bump region. The physical interpretation of the bump may be more difficult to
achieve since the paper shows the possibility that only scattered light is
extinguished in the bump region.
  Consequences for the grain size distribution which is necessary to explain
the different aspects of scattering in interstellar clouds, for the value of
Rv, and problems raised by this interpretation of the spectrum of HD46223, are
considered at the end of this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149182 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet divergences, renormalization and nonlocality of interactions


  We discuss the dynamical situation which arises in a local quantum field
theory after renormalization. By using the example of the three-dimensional
theory of a neutral scalar field interacting through the quartic coupling, we
show that after renormalization the dynamics of a theory is governed by a
generalized dynamical equation with a nonlocal interaction operator. It is
shown that the generalized dynamical equation allows one to formulate this
theory in an ultraviolet-finite way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128392 </DOCNO>
Recurrent Novae, Classical Novae, Symbiotic Novae, and Population II


  Light curve analysis of decay phase of nova outburst are summarized. Nova
duration is determined by the strong wind mass-loss which depends only on the
white dwarf mass. Fast novae correspond very massive white dwarfs and very slow
novae correspond almost lower mass limit of white dwarfs. This relation is
shown in both of classical novae and recurrent novae. Light curves are
theoretically reproduced for recurrent novae, U Sco, V394 CrA, CI Aql, V2487
Oph, RS Oph, T CrB, V745 Sco and V3890 Sgr, using binary model composed of a
white dwarf, an irradiated accretion disk, and partly irradiated companion
which is shadowed by the accretion disk. From the light curve fitting, we
conclude that most of these objects contain a very massive white dwarf close to
the Chandrasekhar mass limit (1.37 M_\sun for U Sco, V394 CrA T CrB and RS Oph,
1.35 M_\sun for V2487 Oph, V3890 Sgr and V745 Sco). They are strong candidates
of type Ia SN progenitors. Population II novae have trends of slow evolution
and small expanding velocity compared with disk novae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41556 </DOCNO>
Young Physicists' Forum


  The Young Physicists' Forum was an opportunity for the younger members of the
particle-physics community to gather at Snowmass 2001 and to study and debate
major issues that face the field over the next twenty years. Discussions were
organized around three major topics: outreach and education, the impact of
globalization, and building a robust and balanced field. We report on the
results of these discussions, as presented on July 17, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149411 </DOCNO>
Bound States of Non-Hermitian Quantum Field Theories


  The spectrum of the Hermitian Hamiltonian ${1\over2}p^2+{1\over2}m^2x^2+gx^4$
($g>0$), which describes the quantum anharmonic oscillator, is real and
positive. The non-Hermitian quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian $H={1\over2}p^2+{1
\over2}m^2x^2-gx^4$, where the coupling constant $g$ is real and positive, is
${\cal PT}$-symmetric. As a consequence, the spectrum of $H$ is known to be
real and positive as well. Here, it is shown that there is a significant
difference between these two theories: When $g$ is sufficiently small, the
latter Hamiltonian exhibits a two-particle bound state while the former does
not. The bound state persists in the corresponding non-Hermitian ${\cal
PT}$-symmetric $-g\phi^4$ quantum field theory for all dimensions $0\leq D<3$
but is not present in the conventional Hermitian $g\phi^4$ field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98864 </DOCNO>
Module categories, weak Hopf algebras and modular invariants


  We develop abstract nonsense for module categories over monoidal categories
(this is a straightforward categorification of modules over rings). As
applications we show that any semisimple monoidal category with finitely many
simple objects is equivalent to the category of representations of a weak Hopf
algebra (theorem of T. Hayashi) and classify module categories over the fusion
category of $\hat{sl}(2)$ at a positive integer level where we meet once again
ADE classification pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113891 </DOCNO>
NLC Extraction Line Studies


  In this note, we briefly review the current lattice of the NLC extraction
line which was designed for the nominal NLC beam parameters. Then we describe
the beam parameters for the high luminosity option with larger beam disruption
parameter and discuss its effect on beam loss in the extraction line. Finally,
we present a summary of the optics study aimed at minimizing the beam loss with
high disruption beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96722 </DOCNO>
Groupoid C*-algebras and index theory on manifolds with singularities


  The simplest case of a manifold with singularities is a manifold M with
boundary, together with an identification of the boundary with a product M1 x
P, where P is a fixed manifold. The associated singular space is obtained by
collapsing P to a point. When P = Z/k or S^1, we show how to attach to such a
space a noncommutative C*-algebra that captures the extra structure. We then
use this C*-algebra to give a new proof of the Freed-Melrose Z/k-index theorem
and a proof of an index theorem for manifolds with S^1 singularities. Our
proofs apply to the real as well as to the complex case. Applications are given
to the study of metrics of positive scalar curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148457 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Supersymmetric Field Theories


  We discuss some properties of noncommutative supersymmetric field theories
which do not involve gauge fields. We concentrate on the renormalizability
issue of these theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129101 </DOCNO>
Mass Segregation in Globular Clusters


  We present the results of a new study of mass segregation in two-component
star clusters, based on a large number of numerical N-body simulations using
our recently developed dynamical Monte Carlo code. Specifically, we follow the
dynamical evolution of clusters containing stars with individual masses m_1 as
well as a tracer population of objects with individual masses m_2=\mu m_1,
using N=10^5 total stars. For heavy tracers, which could represent stellar
remnants such as neutron stars or black holes in a globular cluster, we
characterize in a variety of ways the tendency for these objects to concentrate
in or near the cluster core. In agreement with simple theoretical arguments, we
find that the characteristic time for this mass segregation process varies as
1/\mu. For models with very light tracers (\mu <~ 10^-2), which could represent
free-floating planets or brown dwarfs, we find the expected depletion of light
objects in the cluster core, but also sometimes a significant enhancement in
the halo. Using these results we estimate the optical depth to gravitational
microlensing by planetary mass objects or brown dwarfs in typical globular
clusters. For some initial conditions, the optical depth in the halo due to
very low-mass objects could be much greater than that of luminous stars. If we
apply our results to M22, using the recent null detection of Sahu, Anderson, &
King (2001), we find an upper limit of ~25% at the 63% confidence level for the
current mass fraction of M22 in the form of very low-mass objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128905 </DOCNO>
The Impact of Tidal Interactions on Satellite Galaxies: A Study of the


  Surface photometry of the M31 satellites M32 and NGC 205 is compared to
numerical simulations of satellite destruction to constrain orbital parameters
and the interaction history of the M31 subgroup. Our analysis reveals the
following preliminary results: (1) Generic features of tidal disruption in the
simulations include an extended ``extra-tidal'' excess region and an inner
depletion zone, both of which are observed in M32 and NGC 205; (2) M32 is
likely to be on a highly eccentric orbit well away from pericenter; (3) Surface
brightness and luminosity evolution estimates for M32, the prototypical compact
elliptical galaxy, imply that it is not simply the residual core of a
tidally-stripped normal elliptical galaxy, but was instead formed in a
truncated state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123898 </DOCNO>
Pulsar motions from neutrino oscillations induced by a violation of the


  We analize a possible explanation of the pulsar motions in terms of resonant
neutrino transitions induced by a violation of the equivalence principle (VEP).
Our approach, based on a parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) expansion, shows
that VEP effects give rise to highly directional contributions to the neutrino
oscillation length. These terms induce anisotropies in the linear and angular
momentum of the emitted neutrinos, which can account for both the observed
translational and rotational pulsar motions. The violation needed to produce
the actual motions is completely compatible with the existing bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3850 </DOCNO>
Vortex Nucleation and Array Formation in a Rotating Bose-Einstein


  We study the dynamics of vortex lattice formation of a rotating trapped
Bose-Einstein condensate by numerically solving the two-dimensional
Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and find that the condensate undergoes elliptic
deformation, followed by unstable surface-mode excitations before forming a
quantized vortex lattice. The dependence of the number of vortices on the
rotation frequency is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114177 </DOCNO>
Trapping, Compression and Acceleration of an Electron Bunch in the


  A scheme of laser wakefield acceleration, when a relatively rare and long
bunch of non-relativistic or weakly-relativistic electrons is initially in
front of the laser pulse, is suggested and considered. The motion of test
electrons is studied both in the one-dimensional case (1D wakefield) and in the
three-dimensional laser wakefield excited in a plasma channel. It is shown that
the bunch is trapped, effectively compressed both in longitudinal and
transverse directions and accelerated to ultra-relativistic energies in the
region of first accelerating maximum of the wakefield. The accelerated bunch
has sizes much less than the plasma wavelength and relatively small energy
spread.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6779 </DOCNO>
On Possible Coexistence of Superconductivity and Charge Density Wave in


  We study metallic behavior and superconductivity in C$_{60}$ materials in
terms of a tight binding model characterized by an intramolecular, nonretarded
attraction. It was shown previously that, at intermediate coupling, the model
possesees a state in which s-wave superconductivity coexists with a charge
density wave, the latter stabilized by intersite repulsion. The CDW causes
$T_c$ to decrease near half filling. We examine the conditions under which such
a state may exist in C$_{60}$. The key issue is the role of metallic screening
which is treated in a parameter-free fashion. We show that screening is strong
enough to stabilize a conventional (i.e., without a CDW) state in
electron-doped C$_{60}$ and A$_3$C$_{60}$. But in hole-doped C$_{60}$, for
which $T_c$ peaks away from half filling, a CDW-superconductor can not be ruled
out. We discuss some normal state anomalies for such a state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97587 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelet packets and frame packets of $L^2({\mathbb R}^d)


  The orthonormal basis generated by a wavelet of $L^2(\mathbb R)$ has poor
frequency localization. To overcome this disadvantage Coifman, Meyer, and
Wickerhauser constructed wavelet packets. We extend this concept to the higher
dimensions where we consider arbitrary dilation matrices. The resulting basis
of $L^2({\mathbb R}^d)$ is called the multiwavelet packet basis. The concept of
wavelet frame packet is also generalized to this setting. Further, we show how
to construct various orthonormal bases of $L^2({\mathbb R}^d)$ from the
multiwavelet packets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74133 </DOCNO>
U(3) chiral perturbation theory with infrared regularization


  We include the eta-prime in chiral perturbation theory without employing
1/N_c counting rules. The method is illustrated by calculating the masses and
decay constants of the Goldstone boson octet (pions, kaons, eta) and the
singlet eta-prime up to one-loop order. The effective Lagrangian describing the
interactions of the eta-prime with the Goldstone boson octet is presented up to
fourth chiral order and the loop integrals are evaluated using infrared
regularization, which preserves Lorentz and chiral symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125002 </DOCNO>
Scintillation as a Probe of the Intergalactic Medium


  Most of the baryons in the low-redshift universe reside in a warm/hot
component which is difficult to detect with standard absorption/emission line
techniques. We propose to use quasar refractive scintillation as an useful,
complementary probe of such ionized, intergalactic gas. In particular, an
application to the case of the intracluster medium is presented. We show that
clusters located at z approx 0.02 should produce a source rms intensity
fluctuation at 50-100 GHz of several tens of percent and on time scales ranging
from days to months, depending on the projected location of the source on the
foreground cluster. However, in order to produce such a signal, the source
needs to be very compact. This effect, if observed, can be used as an
independent test of the baryonic mass fraction in clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149118 </DOCNO>
Classical AdS Superstring Mechanics


  We analyze the anti-de Sitter (AdS) superparticle and superstring systems
described in terms of supermatrix valued coordinates proposed by Roiban and
Siegel. This approach gives simple symmetry transformations and equations of
motion. We examine their kappa-transformations, infinite reducibility and
kappa-gauge fixing conditions. A closed first class constraint set for the AdS
superparticle is GL(4|4) covariant and keeping superconformal symmetry
manifestly. For the AdS superstring $\sigma$-dependence breaks the GL(4|4)
covariance, where supercovariant derivatives and currents satisfy the
inhomogeneous GL(4|4). A closed first class constraint set for the AdS
superstring turns out to be the same as the one for a superstring in flat
space, namely ABCD constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5746 </DOCNO>
Steps and facets at the surface of soft crystals


  We consider the shape of crystals which are soft in the sense that their
elastic modulus $\mu$ is small compared to their surface tension $\gamma$, more
precisely $ \mu a < \gamma$ where $a$ is the lattice spacing. We show that
their surface steps penetrate inside the crystal as edge dislocations. As a
consequence, these steps are broad with a small energy which we calculate. We
also calculate the elastic interaction between steps a distance $d$ apart,
which is a $1/d^2$ repulsion. We finally calculate the roughening temperatures
of successive facets in order to compare with the remarkable shapes of
lyotropic crystals recently observed by P. Pieranski et al. Good agreement is
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6443 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of the Magnetic Penetration Depth in the Vortex


  We report transverse field and zero field muon spin rotation studies of the
superconducting rhenium oxide pyrochlore, Cd2Re2O7. Transverse field
measurements (H=0.007 T) show line broadening below Tc, which is characteristic
of a vortex state, demonstrating conclusively the type-II nature of this
superconductor. The penetration depth is seen to level off below about 400 mK
(T/Tc~0.4), with a rather large value of lambda (T=0)~7500A. The temperature
independent behavior below ~ 400 mK is consistent with a nodeless
superconducting energy gap. Zero-field measurements indicate no static magnetic
fields developing below the transition temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124871 </DOCNO>
56Co gamma-rays from SN1998bu: COMPTEL upper limits


  The type Ia supernova SN1998bu in M96 was observed by COMPTEL for a total of
88 days starting 17 days after the first detection of the supernova. The
accumulated effective observation time was 4.14 Msec. The COMPTEL observations
were performed in a special instrument mode improving the low-energy
sensitivity. We generated images in the 847 keV and 1238 keV lines of 56Co,
using improved point spread functions for the low-energy mode. We do not detect
SN1998bu. A spectral analysis of our data also confirms the non-detection of
the supernova. We discuss the event for which our upper limits constrain the
standard supernova models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96586 </DOCNO>
Introduction to homological geometry: part I


  This is an introduction to some of the analytic (or integrable systems)
aspects of quantum cohomology which have attracted much attention during the
last few years. The small quantum cohomology algebra, regarded as an example of
a Frobenius manifold, is described in the original naive manner, without going
into the technicalities of a rigorous definition. Then three well known
analytic phenomena related to quantum cohomology are reviewed: the
Landau-Ginzburg description of cohomology, the phase space of the Toda lattice,
and the volume functional. The emphasis is on concrete examples, with the
intention of alerting a wider audience to the interesting potential of this
area. In part 2, the quantum differential equations will be studied in the same
way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99189 </DOCNO>
Homology Lens Spaces in Topological 4-Manifolds


  For a closed 4-manifold X and closed 3-manifold M we investigate the smallest
integer n (perhaps infinity) such that M embeds in the connected sum of n
copies of X. It is proven that any lens space (or homology lens space) embeds
topologically locally flatly in a connected sum of 8 copies of the complex
projective plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97819 </DOCNO>
Schr\"odinger operator on homogeneous metric trees: spectrum in gaps


  The paper studies the spectral properties of the Schr\"odinger operator
$A_{gV} = A_0 + gV$ on a homogeneous rooted metric tree, with a decaying
real-valued potential $V$ and a coupling constant $g\ge 0$. The spectrum of the
free Laplacian $A_0 = -\Delta$ has a band-gap structure with a single
eigenvalue of infinite multiplicity in the middle of each finite gap. The
perturbation $gV$ gives rise to extra eigenvalues in the gaps. These
eigenvalues are monotone functions of $g$ if the potential $V$ has a fixed
sign. Assuming that the latter condition is satisfied and that $V$ is
symmetric, i.e. depends on the distance to the root of the tree, we carry out a
detailed asymptotic analysis of the counting function of the discrete
eigenvalues in the limit $g\to\infty$. Depending on the sign and decay of $V$,
this asymptotics is either of the Weyl type or is completely determined by the
behaviour of $V$ at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128909 </DOCNO>
Direct Detection of CDM Substructure


  We devise a method to measure the abundance of satellite halos in
gravitational lens galaxies, and apply our method to a sample of 7 lens
systems. After using Monte Carlo simulations to verify the method, we find that
substructure comprises fraction f=0.02 (median, 0.006<f<0.07 at 90% confidence)
of the mass of typical lens galaxies, in excellent agreement with predictions
of CDM simulations. We estimate a characteristic critical radius for the
satellites of 0.0001<b/arcsec<0.006 (90% confidence). For a satellite mass
function of dn/dM M^x with x=-1.8 and M_l<M<M_h, the critical radius provides
an estimate that the upper mass limit is 10^6Msun < M_h < 10^9Msun. Our
measurement confirms a generic prediction of CDM models, and may obviate the
need to invoke alternatives to CDM like warm dark matter or self-interacting
dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148428 </DOCNO>
Physical Aspects of the Space-Time Torsion


  We review many quantum aspects of torsion theory and discuss the possibility
of the space-time torsion to exist and to be detected. The paper starts, in
Chapter 2, with an introduction to the classical gravity with torsion, that
includes also interaction of torsion with matter fields. In Chapter 3, the
renormalization of quantum theory of matter fields and related topics, like
renormalization group, effective potential and anomalies, are considered.
Chapter 4 is devoted to the action of particles in a space-time with torsion,
and to possible physical effects generated by the background torsion. In
particular, we review the upper bounds for the background torsion which are
known from the literature. In Chapter 5, the comprehensive study of the
possibility of a theory for the propagating completely antisymmetric torsion
field is presented. We show, that the propagating torsion may be consistent
with the principles of quantum theory only in the case when the torsion mass is
much greater than the mass of the heaviest fermion coupled to torsion. Then,
universality of the fermion-torsion interaction implies that torsion itself has
a huge mass, and can not be observed in realistic experiments. In Chapter 6, we
briefly discuss the string-induced torsion and the possibility to induce
torsion action and torsion itself through the quantum effects of matter fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169142 </DOCNO>
Quantum Chaos and Quantum Algorithms


  It was recently shown (quant-ph/9909074) that parasitic random interactions
between the qubits in a quantum computer can induce quantum chaos and put into
question the operability of a quantum computer. In this work I investigate
whether already the interactions between the qubits introduced with the
intention to operate the quantum computer may lead to quantum chaos. The
analysis focuses on two well--known quantum algorithms, namely Grover's search
algorithm and the quantum Fourier transform. I show that in both cases the same
very unusual combination of signatures from chaotic and from integrable
dynamics arises.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124206 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous metal enrichment at z \sim 1.9: the Lyman limit systems in


  We present a detailed analysis of three metal absorption systems observed in
the spectrum of the HDF-South quasar J2233-606 (z_em = 2.238), taking advantage
of new VLT-UVES high resolution data (R=45000, S/N = 40-60, \lambda\lambda
3050-10000 \AA). Three main components, spanning about 300 km/s, can be
individuated in the Lyman limit system at z~1.92. They show a surprisingly
large variation in metallicities, respectively ~1/500, 1/8 and 1/100 solar. The
large value found for the second component at z=1.9259, suggests that the line
of sight crosses a star-forming region. In addition, there is a definite
correlation between velocity position and ionisation state in this component,
which we interpret as a possible signature of an expanding H II region. The
systems at z~1.94 and z~1.87 have also high metallicity, ~1/4 and 1/3 solar. We
find that photoionisation and collisional ionisation are equal alternatives to
explain the high excitation phase revealed by O VI absorption, seen in these
two systems. From the width of the Si IV, C IV, Si III and C III lines in the
system at z~1.87, we can estimate the temperature of the gas to be log T ~ 4.7,
excluding collisional ionisation. Finally, we compute the Si IV/C IV ratio for
all Voigt profile components in a sample of log N(C IV) > 14 systems at z < 2.
The values show a dispersion of more than an order of magnitude and most of
them are much larger than what is observed for weaker systems. This is probably
an indication that high column density systems preferably originate in galactic
halos and are mostly influenced by local ionising sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123427 </DOCNO>
The Postcollapse Equilibrium Structure of Cosmological Haloes in a


  An analytical model is presented for the postcollapse equilibrium structure
of virialized objects which condense out of a low-density cosmological
background universe, either matter-dominated or flat with a cosmological
constant. This generalizes the model we derived previously for an Einstein-de
Sitter (EdS) universe. The model is based upon the assumption that cosmological
haloes form from the collapse and virialization of top-hat density
perturbations and are spherical, isotropic, and isothermal. This leads to the
prediction of a unique, nonsingular, truncated isothermal sphere (TIS), a
particular solution of the Lane-Emden equation (modified for nonzero
cosmological constant). The size and virial temperature are unique functions of
the mass and redshift of formation of the object for a given background
universe. The central density is roughly proportional to the critical density
of the universe at the epoch of collapse. This TIS model is in good agreement
with observations of the internal structure of dark matter--dominated haloes on
scales ranging from dwarf galaxies to X-ray clusters. It also reproduces many
of the average properties of haloes in simulations of the Cold Dark Matter
(CDM) model to good accuracy, suggesting that it is a useful analytical
approximation for haloes which form from realistic initial conditions. Our TIS
model matches the density profiles of haloes in CDM N-body simulations outside
the innermost region, while avoiding the steep central cusp of the latter which
is in apparent conflict with observations. The TIS model may also be relevant
to nonstandard CDM models, like self-interacting dark matter, recently proposed
to resolve this conflict.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128835 </DOCNO>
Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distances to NGC 4214, UGC 685, and UGC 5456


  We have used WFPC2 VRI observations to calculate the distances to three
nearby galaxies, NGC 4214, UGC 685, and UGC 5456 using the tip of the red giant
branch method. Our values for NGC 4214 (2.94 +/- 0.18 Mpc) and UGC 685 (4.79
+/- 0.30 Mpc) are the most precise measurementes of the distances to these
objects ever made. For UGC 5456 the data do not allow us to reach a decisive
conclusion since there are two possible solutions, one leading towards a short
distance around 3.8 Mpc and another one towards a long distance of 5.6 Mpc or
more.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75943 </DOCNO>
On the dominance of non-exotic meson-meson scattering by s-channel qqbar


  Non-exotic scalar-meson resonances in S-wave meson-meson scattering are
studied in the light of a unitarised Schroedinger model. The resulting poles in
the scattering matrices, by analytical continuation into the complex-energy
plane, are grouped into nonets of isoscalar, isodoublet, and isotriplet
resonances. All singularities can be related to quark-antiquark confinement
states, the light-quark nonet of which has ground states at 1.3 to 1.4 GeV and
level spacings of some 300-400 MeV, except for a nonet of light scalar mesons
below 1 GeV. All non-exotic S-wave resonances reported by experiment fit into
this scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85978 </DOCNO>
Self force on a scalar charge in the spacetime of a stationary,


  We study the self force acting on a particle endowed with scalar charge,
which is held static (with respect to an undragged, static observer at
infinity) outside a stationary, axially-symmetric black hole. We find that the
acceleration due to the self force is in the same direction as the black hole's
spin, and diverges when the particle approaches the outer boundary of the black
hole's ergosphere. This acceleration diverges more rapidly approaching the
ergosphere's boundary than the particle's acceleration in the absence of the
self force. At the leading order this self force is a (post)$^2$-Newtonian
effect. For scalar charges with high charge-to-mass ratio, the acceleration due
to the self force starts dominating over the regular acceleration already far
from the black hole. The self force is proportional to the rate at which the
black hole's rotational energy is dissipated. This self force is local (i.e.,
only the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac force and the local coupling to Ricci curvature
contribute to it). The non-local, tail part of the self force is zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 313 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic perturbation theory for dipolar superparamagnets


  Thermodynamic perturbation theory is employed to derive analytical
expressions for the equilibrium linear susceptibility and specific heat of
lattices of anisotropic classical spins weakly coupled by the dipole-dipole
interaction. The calculation is carried out to the second order in the coupling
constant over the temperature, while the single-spin anisotropy is treated
exactly. The temperature range of applicability of the results is, for weak
anisotropy (A/kT << 1), similar to that of ordinary high-temperature
expansions, but for moderately and strongly anisotropic spins (A/kT > 1) it can
extend down to the temperatures where the superparamagnetic blocking takes
place (A/kT \sim 25), provided only the interaction strength is weak enough.
Besides, taking exactly the anisotropy into account, the results describe as
particular cases the effects of the interactions on isotropic (A = 0) as well
as strongly anisotropic (A \to \infty) systems (discrete orientation model and
plane rotators).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86959 </DOCNO>
Quantising the Foliation in History Quantum Field Theory


  As a preliminary to discussing the quantisation of the foliation in a history
form of general relativity, we show how the discussion in \cite{SavQFT1} of a
history version of free, scalar quantum field theory can be augmented in such a
way as to include the quantisation of the unit-length, time-like vector that
determines a Lorentzian foliation of Minkowski spacetime. We employ a Hilbert
bundle construction that is motivated by: (i) discussing the role of the
external Lorentz group in the existing history quantum field theory
\cite{SavQFT1}; and (ii) considering a specific representation of the extended
history algebra obtained from the multi-symplectic representation of scalar
field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168550 </DOCNO>
Multivariable functions approximation using a single quantum neuron


  We describe a model element able to perform universal stochastic
approximations of continuous multivariable functions in both neuron-like and
quantum form. The implementation of this model in the form of a multi-barrier,
multiple-slit system is proposed and it is demonstrated that this single
neuron-like model is able to perform the XOR function unrealizable with single
classical neuron. For the simplified waveguide variant of this model it is
proved for different interfering quantum alternatives with no correlated
adjustable parameters, that the system can approximate any continuous function
of many variables. This theorem is applied to the 2-input quantum neural model
based on the use of the schemes developed for controlled nonlinear multiphoton
absorption of light by quantum systems. The relation between the field of
quantum neural computing and quantum control is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179731 </DOCNO>
Chiral SU(3) Symmetry and Strangeness


  In this talk we review recent progress on the systematic evaluation of the
kaon and antikaon spectral functions in dense nuclear matter based on a chiral
SU(3) description of the low-energy pion-, kaon- and antikaon-nucleon
scattering data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76913 </DOCNO>
Neutron Radii in Mean-Field Models


  Bulk nuclear observables such as charge radii and binding energies are well
described by both nonrelativistic and covariant mean-field models. However,
predictions of neutron radii, which are not tightly constrained by reliable
data, vary significantly. The nature of this variation is investigated using
correlations between basic properties of the models and the neutron skin
thickness in lead. The results suggest that conventional covariant models are
too limited. The study is guided by principles and insights of effective field
theory (EFT), such as power counting, and the relation of mean-field models to
a more general EFT approach to nuclei is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86105 </DOCNO>
Equations of Motion in Kaluza-Klein Gravity Revisited


  We discuss the equations of motion of test particles for a version of
Kaluza-Klein theory where the cylinder condition is not imposed. The metric
tensor as well as other physical quantities are allowed to depend on the fifth
coordinate. We present a new version for the fully covariant splitting of the
5D equations. We show how to change the usual definition of various physical
quantities in order to make physics in 4D invariant under transformations in
5D. These include the redefinition of the electromagnetic tensor, force and
Christoffel symbols. With our definitions, each of the force terms in the
equation of motion is gauge invariant and orthogonal to the four-velocity of
the particle. The "hidden" parameter associated with the rate of motion along
the extra dimension is identified with the electrical charge, regardless of
whether there is an electromagnetic field or not. We show how the dependence of
the metric on the extra dimension constrains the motion of neutral particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75481 </DOCNO>
Photon Emission from Ultrarelativistic Plasmas


  The emission rate of photons from a hot, weakly coupled ultrarelativistic
plasma is analyzed. Leading-log results, reflecting the sensitivity of the
emission rate to scattering events with momentum transfers from $gT$ to $T$,
have previously been obtained. But a complete leading-order treatment requires
including collinearly enhanced, inelastic processes such as bremsstrahlung.
These inelastic processes receive O(1) modifications from multiple scattering
during the photon emission process, which limits the coherence length of the
emitted radiation (the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect). We perform a
diagrammatic analysis to identify, and sum, all leading-order contributions. We
find that the leading-order photon emission rate is not sensitive to
non-perturbative $g^2 T$ scale dynamics. We derive an integral equation for the
photon emission rate which is very similar to the result of Migdal in his
original discussion of the LPM effect. The accurate solution of this integral
equation for specific theories of interest will be reported in a companion
paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168213 </DOCNO>
The Foundations of Quantum Information and Feasible Experiments


  This thesis consists of four parts. In the first part it is shown that
optimal universal cloning of photons can be realized with the help of
stimulated emission. Possible schemes based on three-level systems and on
parametric down-conversion are analyzed in detail.
  The second part shows that the dynamical rules of quantum physics can be
derived from its static properties and the condition that superluminal
communication is forbidden.
  In the third part a very simple form of the Kochen-Specker theorem is
presented, which leads to a proposal for a simple experimental test of
non-contextual hidden variables.
  The fourth part shows how hidden-variable theorems can be derived in a
completely operational way. In particular a Kochen-Specker theorem is derived
that applies to experiments with finite precision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75728 </DOCNO>
Energy deposition due to neutrino pair annhilation near rotating neutron


  General relativistic effects have been shown to increase the energy
deposition rate due to the process $\nu \bar{\nu} \to e^{+}e^{-}$ in supernovae
and neutron stars. In this paper we study the effect of inclusion of the
rotation of the star in the general relativistic treatment. We show that
inclusion of rotation results in a reduction in the heating rate as compared to
the no rotation case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98110 </DOCNO>
CMC-1 Surfaces in Hyperbolic 3-space using the Bianchi-Calo method


  In this note we present a method for constructing CMC-1 surfaces in
hyperbolic 3-space $\bfH^3(-1)$ in terms of holomorphic data first introduced
in Bianchi's Lezioni di Geometria Differenziale of 1927, therefore predating by
many years the modern approaches due to Bryant, Small and others. Besides its
obvious historical interest, this note aims to complement Bianchi's analysis by
deriving explicit formulae for CMC-1 surfaces and comparing the various
approaches encountered in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128827 </DOCNO>
The Low-Energy Spectral Response of the ACIS CCDs


  The flight calibration of the spectral response of the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer (ACIS) below 1.5 keV is difficult because of the lack of strong
lines in the calibration source on-board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We have
been using 1E0102.2-7219 (the brightest supernova remnant in the SMC) to
evaluate the ACIS response matrices, since this remnant has strong lines of O,
Ne and Mg below 1.5 keV. The spectrum of 1E0102.2-7219 has been
well-characterized using the gratings on Chandra and XMM. We have used the
high-resolution spectral data from both gratings instruments to develop a
spectral model for the CCD spectra. Fits with this model are sensitive to any
problems with the gain calibration and the spectral redistribution model. We
have fit the data with the latest response matrix for the S3 device released in
August 2001 (available in CALDB 2.7 or higher). We have also applied the
charge-transfer inefficiency (CTI) correction software (version 1.37) developed
at Penn State to both the Backside-illuminated (BI) and Front-side illuminated
(FI) data and fit the data with the associated CTI-corrected response matrices.
All fits show a significant improvement in the low energy response with the new
matrices. The fits to the FI CCDs demonstrate the utility of the FI CCDs for
spectral analysis, in spite of the radiation damage the devices suffered early
in the mission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125780 </DOCNO>
The Observation of Lunar Impacts. Part II


  The frequency and the characteristics of lunar impacting meteorites are
reconsidered under the general assumption of belonging to the sporadic
meteoroids. We develop the model for evaluating the luminous energy detected in
the visual band during the impact. The values obtained are consistent with the
luminosity of an Earth's meteor as seen at the Moon's distance, although we
recover significantly smaller magnitudes for the lunar impacts with respect to
other authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128855 </DOCNO>
The noise of cluster mass reconstructions from a source redshift


  The parameter-free reconstruction of the surface-mass density of clusters of
galaxies is one of the principal applications of weak gravitational lensing.
  From the observable ellipticities of images of background galaxies, the tidal
gravitational field (shear) of the mass distribution is estimated, and the
corresponding surface mass density is constructed. The noise of the resulting
mass map is investigated here, generalizing previous work which included mainly
the noise due to the intrinsic galaxy ellipticities. Whereas this dominates the
noise budget if the lens is very weak, other sources of noise become important,
or even dominant, for the medium-strong lensing regime close to the center of
clusters. In particular, shot noise due to a Poisson distribution of galaxy
images, and increased shot noise owing to the correlation of galaxies in
angular position and redshift, can yield significantly larger levels of noise
than that from the intrinsic ellipticities only. We estimate the contributions
from these various effects for two widely used smoothing operations, showing
that one of them effectively removes the Poisson and the correlation noises
related to angular positions of galaxies. Noise sources due to the spread in
redshift of galaxies are still present in the optimized estimator and are shown
to be relevant in many cases. We show how (even approximate) redshift
information can be profitably used to reduce the noise in the mass map. The
dependence of the various noise terms on the relevant parameters (lens
redshift, strength, smoothing length, redshift distribution of background
galaxies) are explicitly calculated and simple estimates are provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72759 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic Decays of $B_c$ Meson to a P-Wave Charmonium State $\chi_c$


  The semileptonic decays of meson $B_c$ to a P-wave charmonium state
$\chi_c(^3P_J)$ or $h_c(^1P_1)$ are computed. The results show that the decays
are sizable so they are accessible in Tevatron and in LHC, especially, with the
detectors LHCB and BTeV in the foreseeable future, and of them, the one to the
$^1P_1$ charmonium state potentially offers us a novel window to see the
unconfirmed $h_c$ particle. In addition, it is pointed out that since the two
charmonium radiative decays $\chi_c(^3P_{1,2}) \to J/\psi+\gamma$ have sizable
branching ratios, the cascade decays of the concerned decays and the charmonium
radiative decays may affect the result of the observing the $B_c$ meson through
the semileptonic decays $B_{c}\to {J/\psi}+{l}+\nu_{l}$ substantially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5472 </DOCNO>
Aging effects in the quantum dynamics of a dissipative free particle:


  We report new results related to the two-time dynamics of the coordinate of a
quantum free particle, damped through its interaction with a fractal thermal
bath (non-ohmic coupling $\sim\omega^\delta$ with $0<\delta<1$ or
$1<\delta<2)$. When the particle is localized, its position does not age. When
it undergoes anomalous diffusion, only its displacement may be defined. It is
shown to be an aging variable. The finite temperature aging regime is
self-similar. It is described by a scaling function of the ratio ${t_w/\tau}$
of the waiting time to the observation time, as characterized by an exponent
directly linked to $\delta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6556 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Hubbard Model


  The Hubbard on-site repulsion $U$ between opposite spin electrons on the same
atomic orbital is widely regarded to be the most important source of electronic
correlation in solids. Here we extend the Hubbard model to account for the fact
that the experimentally measured atomic $U$ is different from the one obtained
by calculation of the atomic Coulomb integral. The resulting model describes
quasiparticles that become increasingly dressed as the number of electrons in
the band increases. Superconductivity can result in this model through
quasiparticle undressing. Various signatures of this physics in spectroscopies
in the normal and superconducting states are discussed. A novel effect in the
normal state is predicted to be electroluminescence at the sample-positive
counterelectrode boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98238 </DOCNO>
Counter-example to global Torelli problem for irreducible symplectic


  We shall give an example of irreducible symplectic manifolds $X$ and $Y$
which are not bimeromorphic, but have the same periods in the second
cohomologies. More explicitly, $X$ and $Y$ are generalized Kummer varieties of
$\dim 4$ for a general complex torus $T$ of $\dim 2$ and its dual torus $T^*$.
A key result is an observation of Shioda for the periods of $T$ and $T^*$. As a
concluding remark, we shall discuss the difference between our case and Kummer
surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96855 </DOCNO>
Lines Tangent to 2n-2 spheres in R^n


  We show that there are 3 \cdot 2^(n-1) complex common tangent lines to 2n-2
general spheres in R^n and that there is a choice of spheres with all common
tangents real.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41433 </DOCNO>
Electron Identification in Belle


  We report on electron identification methods and their performance in the
Belle experiment at the KEK-B asymmetric B-Factory $e^{+} e^{-}$ storage ring.
Electrons are selected using a likelihood approach that takes information from
the electromagnetic calorimeter, the central drift chamber, and the silica
aerogel Cherenkov counters as input. We achieve an electron identification
efficiency of $(92.4 \pm 0.4)%$ with a $\pi^{\pm}$ fake rate of $(0.25 \pm
0.02)%$ for the momentum range between 1.0 GeV/$c$ and 3.0 GeV/$c$ in
laboratory frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41663 </DOCNO>
Robust signatures of solar neutrino oscillation solutions


  With the goal of identifying signatures that select specific neutrino
oscillation parameters, we test the robustness of global oscillation solutions
that fit all the available solar and reactor experimental data. We use three
global analysis strategies previously applied by different authors and also
determine the sensitivity of the oscillation solutions to the critical nuclear
fusion cross section, S_{17}(0), for the production of 8B. The favored
solutions are LMA, LOW, and VAC in order of g.o.f. The neutral current to
charged current ratio for SNO is predicted to be 3.5 +- 0.6 (1 sigma), which is
separated from the no-oscillation value of 1.0 by much more than the expected
experimental error. The predicted range of the day-night difference in charged
current rates is (8.2 +- 5.2)% and is strongly correlated with the day-night
effect for neutrino-electron scattering. A measurement by SNO of either a NC to
CC ratio > 3.3 or a day-night difference > 10%, would favor a small region of
the currently allowed LMA neutrino parameter space. The global oscillation
solutions predict a 7Be neutrino-electron scattering rate in BOREXINO and
KamLAND in the range 0.66 +- 0.04 of the BP00 standard solar model rate, a
prediction which can be used to test both the solar model and the neutrino
oscillation theory. Only the LOW solution predicts a large day-night effect(<
42%) in BOREXINO and KamLAND. For the KamLAND reactor experiment, the LMA
solution predicts 0.44 of the standard model rate; we evaluate 1 sigma and 3
sigma uncertainties and the first and second moments of the energy spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125202 </DOCNO>
The new two-image gravitational lens system CLASS B2319+051


  We report the discovery of a new two-image gravitational lens system from the
Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey, CLASS B2319+051. Radio imaging with the Very Large
Array (VLA) and Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN)
shows two compact components with a flux density ratio of 5:1, separated by
1.36 arcsec. Observations with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) resolve each
of the radio components into a pair of parity-reversed subcomponents. Hubble
Space Telescope (HST) observations with the Near-Infrared Camera and
Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) show a bright elliptical galaxy (G1)
coincident with the radio position, and a second irregular galaxy (G2) 3.4
arcsec to the northwest. Previous spectroscopic studies have indicated that
these galaxies are at different redshifts: z(G1) = 0.624, z(G2) = 0.588.
Infrared counterparts to the lensed radio components are not detected in the
NICMOS image, and the source redshift has not yet been determined. Preliminary
mass modeling based on the VLBA subcomponent data indicates that the lensing
potential includes a strong external shear contribution. A VLA monitoring
program is currently being undertaken to measure the differential time delay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148925 </DOCNO>
Stacking non-BPS D-Branes


  We present a candidate supergravity solution for a stacked configuration of
stable non-BPS D-branes in Type II string theory compactified on T^4/Z_2. This
gives a supergravity description of nonabelian tachyon condensation on the
brane worldvolume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74103 </DOCNO>
Chiral Effective Field Theories with explicit Spin 3/2 Degrees of


  Recent developments in calculations of low energy nucleon properties
utilizing effective chiral field theories with explicit spin 3/2 matter fields
are presented. In particular, the role of Delta resonances in microscopic
calculations of the anomalous magnetic moments of the Nucleon is discussed and
a comparison to lattice data is performed. Furthermore, the impact of Deltas on
the isovector Pauli form factor of the Nucleon and the problems one faces in
calculations of the isovector Nucleon-Delta transition form factors are
addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169020 </DOCNO>
A more efficient variant of the Oxford protocol


  An alternative presentation of the Oxford purification protocol is obtained
by using dynamical variables. I suggest to introduce the degree of separability
as a purification parameter, where the purified state has a smaller degree of
separability than the initial one. An improved version of the Oxford protocol
is described, in which local unitary transformations optimize each step.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95663 </DOCNO>
Using noncommutative Groebner bases in solving partially prescribed


  We investigate the use of noncommutative Groebner bases in solving partially
prescribed matrix inverse completion problems. The types of problems considered
here are similar to those in [BLJW]. There the authors gave necessary and
sufficient conditions for the solution of a two by two block matrix completion
problem. Our approach is quite different from theirs and relies on symbolic
computer algebra.
  Here we describe a general method by which all block matrix completion
problems of this type may be analyzed if sufficient computational power is
available. We also demonstrate our method with an analysis of all three by
three block matrix inverse completion problems with eleven blocks known and
seven unknown. We discover that the solutions to all such problems are of a
relatively simple form.
  We then perform a more detailed analysis of a particular problem from the
31,824 three by three block matrix completion problems with eleven blocks known
and seven unknown. A solution to this problem of the form derived in [BLJW] is
presented.
  Not only do we give a proof of our detailed result, but we describe the
strategy used in discovering our theorem and proof, since it is somewhat
unusual for these types of problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76121 </DOCNO>
Exact Results in 5D from Instantons and Deconstruction


  We consider non-perturbative effects in theories with extra dimensions and
the deconstructed versions of these theories. We establish the rules for
instanton calculations in 5D theories on the circle, and use them for an
explicit one-instanton calculation in a supersymmetric gauge theory. The
results are then compared to the known exact Seiberg-Witten type solution for
this theory, confirming the validity both of the exact results and of the rules
for instanton calculus for extra dimensions introduced here. Next we consider
the non-perturbative results from the perspective of deconstructed extra
dimensions. We show that the non-perturbative results of the deconstructed
theory do indeed reproduce the known results for the continuum extra
dimensional theory, thus providing the first non-perturbative evidence in favor
of deconstruction. This way deconstruction also allows us to make exact
predictions in higher dimensional theories which agree with earlier results,
and helps to clarify the interpretation of 5D instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98606 </DOCNO>
Bounded cochains on 3-manifolds


  In this paper we study the large scale geometry of 3-manifolds with
nontrivial second bounded cohomology. If the geometrization conjecture were
true, this class would include essentially every 3-manifold with infinite
fundamental group. This paper is part of a program to extend Thurston's
geometric theory of Haken 3-manifolds to this much broader class, as an
intermediate step towards the geometrization conjecture.
  A 1-cochain whose coboundary is nontrivial in bounded cohomology is weakly
uniform if the coarse level sets are coarsely connected, and uniform if the
coarse level sets are coarsely connected and coarsely simply-connected. These
geometric concepts are related to BNS invariants and their generalizations.
  If M admits a uniform 1-cochain, either M is homotopic to a Seifert-fibered
or solv manifold, or contains a reducing torus, or the fundamental group is
word-hyperbolic. Moreover, in the latter case, we obtain a precise
quasi-isometric model for the universal cover, analogous to a singular solv
metric, and a dynamical system which should converge to a hyperbolic structure
on M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127487 </DOCNO>
Age as the Second Parameter in NGC 288/NGC 362? II. The Horizontal


  We revisit the "second parameter" pair of globular clusters NGC 288/NGC 362
on the basis of theoretical models for red giant branch (RGB) and horizontal
branch (HB) stars. The results of the most extensive set of RGB/HB simulations
computed so far for these clusters are presented for two different
metallicities. Using several different analytical mass loss formulae for RGB
stars, we derive relative "HB morphology ages." We compare them with the
relative main-sequence turnoff ages derived by application of the "bridge test"
by Bellazzini et al. (2001), who found that NGC 288 is 2+/-1 Gyr older than NGC
362. We find that adoption of a higher metallicity ([Fe/H] ~ -1.2), as favored
by the Carretta & Gratton metallicity scale, makes age a much more plausible
second parameter candidate for this pair than is the case when a lower
metallicity ([Fe/H] ~ -1.5), closer to the Zinn & West scale, is adopted.
However, while the different HB morphology of these two clusters can be
reproduced by canonical HB models with [Fe/H] ~ -1.2 and an age difference of 2
Gyr, this explanation is not without difficulty. In particular, we confirm
previous suggestions that canonical models are unable to reproduce the detailed
HB morphology of NGC 288 at its red end, for as yet unknown reasons. Finally,
we show that the mass dispersion on the HB of NGC 362 is substantially larger
than for NGC 288, and suggest that there is a correlation between the mass
dispersion on the HB phase and the central density of globular clusters. This
is presumably related to the way environmental effects affect RGB mass loss.
[Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87178 </DOCNO>
A Comprehensive Study of Binary Compact Objects as Gravitational Wave


  A new generation of ground-based interferometric detectors for gravitational
waves is currently under construction or has entered the commissioning phase
(LIGO, VIRGO, GEO600, TAMA). We study the most promising candidate sources for
these detectors: inspiraling double compact objects. We use population
synthesis methods to calculate the properties and coalescence rates of: double
neutron stars, black hole-neutron star systems and double black holes. We also
examine their formation channels. We explicitly account for the evolution of
low-mass helium stars and investigate the possibility of common-envelope
evolution involving helium stars as well as two evolved stars. As a result we
identify a significant number of new formation channels for double neutron
stars, in particular, leading to populations with very distinct properties. We
discuss the theoretical and observational implications of such populations, but
we also note the need for hydrodynamical calculations to settle the question of
whether such common-envelope evolution is possible. We also present and discuss
the physical properties of compact object binaries and identify a number of
robust, qualitative features as well as their origin. Using the calculated
coalescence rates we compare our results to earlier studies and derive expected
detection rates for LIGO. We find that our most optimistic estimate for the
first LIGO detectors reach a couple of events per year and our most pessimistic
estimate for advanced LIGO detectors exceed 10 events per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5056 </DOCNO>
Weakly coupled one-dimensional Mott insulators


  We consider a model of one-dimensional Mott insulators coupled by a weak
interchain tunnelling $t_\perp$. We first determine the single-particle Green's
function of a single chain by exact field-theoretical methods and then take the
tunnelling into account by means of a Random Phase Approximation (RPA). In
order to embed this approximation into a well-defined expansion with a small
parameter, the Fourier transform $T_\perp(k)$ of the interchain coupling is
assumed to have a small support in momentum space such that every integration
over transverse wave vector yields a small factor $\kappa_0^2 \ll 1$. When
\tp(0) exceeds a critical value, a small Fermi surface develops in the form of
electron and hole pockets. We demonstrate that Luttinger's theorem holds both
in the insulating and in the metallic phases. We find that the quasi-particle
residue $Z$ increases very fast through the transition and quickly reaches a
value of about $0.4-0.6$. The metallic state close to the transition retains
many features of the one-dimensional system in the form of strong incoherent
continua.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124044 </DOCNO>
TVD Scheme for the Numerical Simulation of the Axisymmetrical


  The explicit quasi-monotonic conservative TVD scheme and numerical method for
the solution of the gravitational MHD equations are developed. The 2D numerical
code for the simulation of multidimensional selfgravitating MHD flows on the
Eulerian cylindrical grid is constructed. The results of test calculations show
that the code has a good mathematical and computational properties and can be
applied to the solution of a wide class of plasma physics and astrophysics
problems. We have simulated, for example, a collapse of magnetized rotating
protostellar clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86907 </DOCNO>
The mass of spacelike hypersurfaces in asymptotically anti-de Sitter


  We give a Hamiltonian definition of mass for spacelike hypersurfaces in
space-times with metrics which are asymptotic to the anti-de Sitter one, or to
a class of generalizations thereof. We show that our definition provides a
geometric invariant for a spacelike hypersurface embedded in a space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168491 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of quantum systems


  A relation between the eigenvalues of an effective Hamilton operator and the
poles of the $S$ matrix is derived which holds for isolated as well as for
overlapping resonance states. The system may be a many-particle quantum system
with two-body forces between the constituents or it may be a quantum billiard
without any two-body forces. Avoided crossings of discrete states as well as of
resonance states are traced back to the existence of branch points in the
complex plane. Under certain conditions, these branch points appear as double
poles of the $S$ matrix. They influence the dynamics of open as well as of
closed quantum systems. The dynamics of the two-level system is studied in
detail analytically as well as numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7285 </DOCNO>
Breakdown and recovery in traffic flow models


  Most car-following models show a transition from laminar to ``congested''
flow and vice versa. Deterministic models often have a density range where a
disturbance needs a sufficiently large critical amplitude to move the flow from
the laminar into the congested phase. In stochastic models, it may be assumed
that the size of this amplitude gets translated into a waiting time, i.e.\
until fluctuations sufficiently add up to trigger the transition. A recently
introduced model of traffic flow however does not show this behavior: in the
density regime where the jam solution co-exists with the high-flow state, the
intrinsic stochasticity of the model is not sufficient to cause a transition
into the jammed regime, at least not within relevant time scales. In addition,
models can be differentiated by the stability of the outflow interface. We
demonstrate that this additional criterion is not related to the stability of
the flow. The combination of these criteria makes it possible to characterize
commonalities and differences between many existing models for traffic in a new
way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4857 </DOCNO>
Scaling of random spreading in small world networks


  In this study we have carried out computer simulations of random walks on
Watts-Strogatz-type small world networks and measured the mean number of
visited sites and the return probabilities. These quantities were found to obey
scaling behavior with intuitively reasoned exponents as long as the probability
$p$ of having a long range bond was sufficiently low.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126965 </DOCNO>
Luminosities and Space Densities of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Using the Euclidean value of <V/Vmax> as a cosmological distance indicator,
we derive the isotropic-equivalent characteristic peak luminosity of gamma-ray
bursts both longer and shorter than 2 s. The short bursts have essentially the
same characteristic peak luminosity of 0.6 x 10^51 erg (0.064s)^-1 as do the
long bursts. This may apply also to bursts with durations less than 0.25 s. The
local space density of short bursts is around three times lower than that of
long bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75271 </DOCNO>
Brane-induced supersymmetry breaking


  We study spontaneous supersymmetry breaking induced by brane-localized
dynamics in five-dimensional supergravity compactified on S^1/Z_2. We consider
a model with gravity in the bulk and matter localized on tensionless branes at
the orbifold fixed points. We assume that the brane dynamics give rise to
effective brane superpotentials that trigger the supersymmetry breaking. We
analyze in detail the super-Higgs effect. We compute the full spectrum and show
that the symmetry breaking is spontaneous but nonlocal in the fifth dimension.
We demonstrate that the model can be interpreted as a new, non-trivial
implementation of a coordinate-dependent Scherk-Schwarz compactification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75812 </DOCNO>
Anomaly Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking without R-Parity


  We analyze the low energy features of a supersymmetric standard model where
the anomaly--induced contributions to the soft parameters are dominant in a
scenario with bilinear $R$--parity violation. This class of models leads to
mixings between the standard model particles and supersymmetric ones which
change the low energy phenomenology and searches for supersymmetry. In
addition, $R$--parity violation interactions give rise to small neutrino masses
which we show to be consistent with the present observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179584 </DOCNO>
Partial Dynamical Symmetry in the Symplectic Shell Model


  We present an example of a partial dynamical symmetry (PDS) in an interacting
fermion system and demonstrate the close relationship of the associated
Hamiltonians with a realistic quadrupole-quadrupole interaction, thus shedding
new light on this important interaction. Specifically, in the framework of the
symplectic shell model of nuclei, we prove the existence of a family of
fermionic Hamiltonians with partial SU(3) symmetry. We outline the construction
process for the PDS eigenstates with good symmetry and give analytic
expressions for the energies of these states and E2 transition strengths
between them. Characteristics of both pure and mixed-symmetry PDS eigenstates
are discussed and the resulting spectra and transition strengths are compared
to those of real nuclei. The PDS concept is shown to be relevant to the
description of prolate, oblate, as well as triaxially deformed nuclei.
Similarities and differences between the fermion case and the previously
established partial SU(3) symmetry in the Interacting Boson Model are
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72666 </DOCNO>
Two-loop QCD corrections to massless quark-gluon scattering


  We present the O(alphas^4) virtual QCD corrections to the scattering process
of massless quark qqbar -> gg due to the interference of tree and two-loop
amplitudes and to the self-interference of one-loop amplitudes. We work in
conventional dimensional regularisation and our results are renormalised in the
MSbar scheme. The structure of the infrared divergences agrees with that
predicted by Catani while expressions for the finite remainder are given for
the qqbar -> gg and the qg -> qg (gqbar -> gqbar) scattering processes in terms
of logarithms and polylogarithms that are real in the physical region. These
results, together with those previously obtained for quark-quark scattering,
are important ingredients in the next-to-next-to-leading order contribution to
inclusive jet production at hadron colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95656 </DOCNO>
The Oka principle, lifting of holomorphic maps and removability of


  The paper is related to the author's talk at the Hayama Symposium in Complex
Analysis in December 2000. In section 1 we survey results on the Oka principle
for sections of holomorphic submersions over Stein manifolds. In section 2 we
apply these results to the lifting problem for holomorphic mappings from Stein
manifolds, and in section 3 we apply them to the problem of removability of
intersections of holomorphic maps from Stein manifolds with closed complex
subvarieties of the target space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87121 </DOCNO>
"Peeling property" for linearized gravity in null coordinates


  A complete description of the linearized gravitational field on a flat
background is given in terms of gauge-independent quasilocal quantities. This
is an extension of the results from gr-qc/9801068. Asymptotic spherical
quasilocal parameterization of the Weyl field and its relation with Einstein
equations is presented. The field equations are equivalent to the wave
equation. A generalization for Schwarzschild background is developed and the
axial part of gravitational field is fully analyzed. In the case of axial
degree of freedom for linearized gravitational field the corresponding
generalization of the d'Alembert operator is a Regge-Wheeler equation. Finally,
the asymptotics at null infinity is investigated and strong peeling property
for axial waves is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2946 </DOCNO>
Spin, charge and orbital ordering in ferrimagnetic insulator


  The oxygen-deficient (double) perovskite YBaMn$_2$O$_5$, containing
corner-linked MnO$_5$ square pyramids, is found to exhibit ferrimagnetic
ordering in its ground state. In the present work we report
generalized-gradient-corrected, relativistic first-principles full-potential
density-functional calculations performed on YBaMn$_2$O$_5$ in the nonmagnetic,
ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic states. The charge, orbital and spin orderings
are explained with site-, angular momentum- and orbital-projected density of
states, charge-density plots, electronic structure and total energy studies.
YBaMn$_2$O$_5$ is found to stabilize in a G-type ferrimagnetic state in
accordance with experimental results. The experimentally observed insulating
behavior appears only when we include ferrimagnetic ordering in our
calculation. We observed significant optical anisotropy in this material
originating from the combined effect of ferrimagnetic ordering and crystal
field splitting. In order to gain knowledge about the presence of different
valence states for Mn in YBaMn$_2$O$_5$ we have calculated $K$-edge x-ray
absorption near-edge spectra for the Mn and O atoms. The presence of the
different valence states for Mn is clearly established from the x-ray
absorption near-edge spectra, hyperfine field parameters and the magnetic
properties study. Among the experimentally proposed structures, the recently
reported description based on $P$4/$nmm$ is found to represent the stable
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95664 </DOCNO>
Hypersurface Complements, Milnor Fibers and Higher Homotopy Groups of


  We describe a new relation between the topology of hypersurface complements,
Milnor fibers and degree of gradient mappings. In particular we show that any
projective hypersurface has affine parts which are bouquets of spheres. The
main tools are the polar curves and the affine Lefschetz theory developped by
H. Hamm, D.T. L\^e and A. N\'emethi. In the special case of the hyperplane
arrangements, we strengthen some results due to Orlik and Terao (see Math. Ann.
301(1995)) and obtain the minimality of hyperplane arrangements (see Randell
math.AT/0011101 for another proof of this result). This is then used to compute
some higher homotopy groups of hyperplane arrangements using the ideas from
Papadima-Suciu, see math.AT/0002251. The second version contains applications
of the above ideas to the polar Cremona transformations and gives a positive
answer to Dolgachev's Conjecture (see Michigan Math. J. 48 (2000), volume
dedicated to W. Fulton.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72767 </DOCNO>
Physical (ir)relevance of ambiguities to Lorentz and CPT violation in


  We discuss the regularization and renormalization of QED with Lorentz and CPT
violation, and argue that the coefficient of the Chern-Simons term is an
independent parameter not determined by gauge invariance. We also study these
issues in a model with spontaneous breaking of Lorentz and CPT symmetries and
find an explicit relation with the ABJ anomaly. This explains the observed
convergence of the induced Chern-Simons term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124424 </DOCNO>
Ages and metallicities of five intermediate-age star clusters projected


  Colour-magnitude diagrams are presented for the first time for L32, L38, K28
(L43), K44 (L68) and L116, which are clusters projected onto the outer parts of
the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The photometry was carried out in the
Washington system $C$ and $T_1$ filters allowing the determination of ages by
means of the magnitude difference between the red giant clump and the main
sequence turnoff, and metallicities from the red giant branch locus. The
clusters have ages in the range 2-6 Gyr, and metallicities between $-1.65<$
[Fe/H] $<-1.10$, increasing the sample of intermediate-age clusters in the SMC.
L116, the outermost cluster projected onto the SMC, is a foreground cluster,
and somewhat closer to us than the Large Magellanic Cloud. Our results,
combined with those for other clusters in the literature, show epochs of sudden
chemical enrichment in the age-metallicity plane, which favour a bursting star
formation history as opposede to a continuous one for the SMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74700 </DOCNO>
Production of $\eta'$ from Thermal Gluon Fusion


  We study the production of $\eta'$ from hadronizing thermal gluons using
recently proposed $\eta'-g-g$ effective vertex. The $\eta'$ yield is found to
be sensitive to the initial condition. At RHIC and LHC, the enhancement is
large enough to be easily detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124981 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the neutrino flux from cosmic sources of relativistic


  In order to facilitate the identification of possible new physics signatures
in neutrino telescopes, such as neutrinos from the annihilation of neutralinos
or decaying relics, it is essential to gain full control over the astrophysical
inventory of neutrino sources in the Universe. The total available accretion
power, the extragalactic gamma ray background, and the cosmic ray proton
intensity can be used to constrain astrophysical models of neutrino production
in extragalactic sources. The resulting upper limit on the extragalactic muon
neutrino intensity from cosmic particle accelerators combined with a reasonable
minimum intensity of neutrinos due to cosmic rays stored in clusters of
galaxies demark a zone of opportunity for neutrino astronomy over a broad range
of energies between 100 MeV and 1 EeV. Discovery of this neutrino background
would open a new era for astronomy and provide the first un-obscured view to
the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96368 </DOCNO>
Ordered abelian groups over a CW complex


  If X is a CW complex, one can assign to each point of X an ordered abelian
group of finite rank whose subset of positive elements depends continuously on
the points of X. A locally trivial bundle which arises in this way we denote by
E(X). In the present work we establish a topological classification of such
bundles in terms of the first cohomology group of X with coefficients in the
ring Z_2. This result has an amazing application in the theory of
characteristic classes of foliations on compact manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124441 </DOCNO>
A self-regulating braking mechanism in black hole X-ray binaries


  The outbursts of black hole X-ray transients can be understood as caused by a
limit cycle instability in the accretion disk, similar to dwarf nova outbursts.
For adequately low mass overflow rates from the companion star long outburst
recurrence times are expected. But the fact that we find predominantly long
recurrence times or that only one X-ray nova outburst was detected at all poses
a problem. The question arises whether any braking mechanism could act in a way
that long recurrence times are favored. We suggest that a circumbinary disk
exists and brakes the orbital motion of the binary stars by tidal interaction.
The irradiation during an outburst leads to mass loss by winds from the
circumbinary disk, releaving the braking force until the removed matter is
refilled by diffusion from outer parts. We show that this reduction of braking
will self-adjust the mass transfer to the marginal rate that gives long
recurrence times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75919 </DOCNO>
A Monte Carlo Study of Erraticity Behavior in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions


  It is demonstrated using Monte Carlo simulation that in different
nucleus$-$nucleus collision samples, the increase of the fluctuation of event
factorial moments with decreasing phase space scale, called erraticity, is
still dominated by the statistical fluctuations. This result does not depend on
the Monte Carlo models. Nor does it depend on the concrete conditions, e.g. the
collision energy, the mass of colliding nuclei, the cut of phase space, etc..
This means that the erraticity method is sensitive to the appearance of novel
physics in the central collisions of heavy nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179400 </DOCNO>
Collective multipole excitations in a microscopic relativistic approach


  A relativistic mean field description of collective excitations of atomic
nuclei is studied in the framework of a fully self-consistent relativistic
random phase approximation (RRPA). In particular, results of RRPA calculations
of multipole giant resonances and of low-lying collective states in spherical
nuclei are analyzed. By using effective Lagrangians which, in the mean-field
approximation, provide an accurate description of ground-state properties, an
excellent agreement with experimental data is also found for the excitation
energies of low-lying collective states and of giant resonances. Two points are
essential for the successful application of the RRPA in the description of
dynamical properties of finite nuclei: (i) the use of effective Lagrangians
with non-linear terms in the meson sector, and (ii) the fully consistent
treatment of the Dirac sea of negative energy states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149176 </DOCNO>
Duality Rotations and BPS Monopoles with Space and Time Noncommutativity


  We show that noncommutative electromagnetism and Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI)
theory with scalar fields are SL(2,R) self-dual when noncommutativity is
light-like and we are in the slowly varying field approximation. This follows
from SL(2,R) self-duality of the commutative DBI Lagrangian and of its zero
slope limit that we study in detail.
  We study a symmetry of noncommutative static configurations that maps
space-noncommutativity into space-time (and light-like) noncommutativity.
SL(2,R) duality is thus extended to space-noncommutativity. Via Seiberg-Witten
map we study the nontrivial action of this symmetry on commutative DBI theory.
In particular space-time noncommutative BPS magnetic monopoles corresponds to
commutative BPS type magnetic monopoles with both electric and magnetic B-field
background. Energy, charge and tension of these configurations are computed and
found in agreement with that of a D1-string D3-brane system. We discuss the
dual string-brane configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179407 </DOCNO>
Approximations in Fusion and Breakup reactions induced by Radioactive


  Some commonly used approximations for complete fusion and breakup
transmission coefficients in collisions of weakly bound projectiles at near
barrier energies are assessed. We show that they strongly depend on the adopted
classical trajectory and can be significantly improved with proper treatment of
the incident and emergent currents in the WKB approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84041 </DOCNO>
Some Facets of Complexity Theory and Cryptography: A Five-Lectures


  In this tutorial, selected topics of cryptology and of computational
complexity theory are presented. We give a brief overview of the history and
the foundations of classical cryptography, and then move on to modern
public-key cryptography. Particular attention is paid to cryptographic
protocols and the problem of constructing the key components of such protocols
such as one-way functions. A function is one-way if it is easy to compute, but
hard to invert. We discuss the notion of one-way functions both in a
cryptographic and in a complexity-theoretic setting. We also consider
interactive proof systems and present some interesting zero-knowledge
protocols. In a zero-knowledge protocol one party can convince the other party
of knowing some secret information without disclosing any bit of this
information. Motivated by these protocols, we survey some complexity-theoretic
results on interactive proof systems and related complexity classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86520 </DOCNO>
Hierarchy of Dirac, Pauli and Klein-Gordon conserved operators in


  The algebra of conserved observables of the SO(4,1) gauge-invariant theory of
the Dirac fermions in the external field of the Kaluza-Klein monopole is
investigated. It is shown that the Dirac conserved operators have physical
parts associated with Pauli operators that are also conserved in the sense of
the Klein-Gordon theory. In this way one gets simpler methods of analyzing the
properties of the conserved Dirac operators and their main algebraic structures
including the representations of dynamical algebras governing the Dirac quantum
modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6316 </DOCNO>
Crystal structures, magnetic and superconducting properties of the


  We report the magnetization and the susceptibility measurements of the
RuSr_2GdCu_2O_y and RuSr_2NdCu_2O_x perovskite materials. We find that
RuSr_2GdCu_2O_y compound exhibits a magnetic transition at Tn=135 K followed by
a superconducting one with an onset Tc=35 K. Samples of RuSr_2NdCu_2O_x
material have shown neither superconductivity nor magnetic transition. XRD
measurements show that in RuSr_2NdCu_2O_x the Nd ions tend to substitute to Sr
ions in very high percentages. The relevance of this phenomenon on the absence
of superconductivity in RuSr_2NdCu_2O_x is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149155 </DOCNO>
On the OPE of 1/2 BPS Short Operators in N=4 SCFT$_4$


  The content of the OPE of two 1/2 BPS operators in N=4 SCFT$_4$ is given by
their superspace three-point functions with a third, a priori long operator.
For certain 1/2 BPS short superfields these three-point functions are uniquely
determined by superconformal invariance. We focus on the cases where the
leading ($\theta=0$) components lie in the tensor products
$[0,m,0]\otimes[0,n,0]$ and $[m,0,0]\otimes[0,0,n]$ of SU(4).
  We show that the shortness conditions at the first two points imply selection
rules for the supermultiplet at the third point. Our main result is the
identification of all possible protected operators in such OPE's. Among them we
find not only BPS short multiplets, but also series of special long multiplets
which satisfy current-like conservation conditions in superspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73286 </DOCNO>
Excited electron contribution to the e+e- -> \gamma\gamma cross-section


  The differential cross-section for the process e+e- -> \gamma\gamma is
calculated assuming the presence of excited electrons with a chiral magnetic
coupling. This calculation permits constraining the excited electron coupling
using the same theoretical framework as the one generally used for direct
production searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98724 </DOCNO>
Singularites symplectiques


  Soit (V,o) une singularit\'e symplectique isol\'ee de dimension au moins 6 et
soit p : $X\longrightarrow V$ l'\'eclatement normalis\'e de o dans V. On
suppose que le diviseur $p^{-1}(o)$ est r\'eduit, globalement \`a croisements
normaux et qu'il a au moins deux composantes irr\'eductibles. Alors (V,o) est
analytiquement isomorphe au quotient de l'espace affine par le groupe cyclique
d'ordre 3 pour une action convenable de celui-ci. Le cas o\`u le lieu
exceptionnel n'a qu'une seule composante irr\'eductible est traite par
Beauville (Symplectic singularities, Invent. Math., 139 (2000))

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4447 </DOCNO>
Two Modes of Solid State Nucleation - Ferrites, Martensites and


  When a crystalline solid such as iron is cooled across a structural
transition, its final microstructure depends sensitively on the cooling rate.
For instance, an adiabatic cooling across the transition results in an
equilibrium `ferrite', while a rapid cooling gives rise to a metastable twinned
`martensite'. There exists no theoretical framework to understand the dynamics
and conditions under which both these microstructures obtain. Existing theories
of martensite dynamics describe this transformation in terms of elastic strain,
without any explanation for the occurence of the ferrite. Here we provide
evidence for the crucial role played by non-elastic variables, {\it viz.},
dynamically generated interfacial defects. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation
of a model 2-dimensional (2d) solid-state transformation reveals two distinct
modes of nucleation depending on the temperature of quench. At high
temperatures, defects generated at the nucleation front relax quickly giving
rise to an isotropically growing `ferrite'. At low temperatures, the defects
relax extremely slowly, forcing a coordinated motion of atoms along specific
directions. This results in a twinned critical nucleus which grows rapidly at
speeds comparable to that of sound. Based on our MD results, we propose a
solid-state nucleation theory involving the elastic strain and non-elastic
defects, which successfully describes the transformation to both a ferrite and
a martensite. Our work provides useful insights on how to formulate a general
dynamics of solid state transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 460 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of mobility by periodically modulating the slanting slope of


  Average mobility of very feebly damped particles in tilted periodic
potentials is considered. Under the combined action of thermal fluctuations and
small temporal modulation of the tilt of the potential the particles, in the
small tilt range, become more mobile than without modulation. The enhancement
of mobility depends (nonmonotonically) on the frequency of modulation. For
small modulations the enhancement shows a peak as a function of frequency. This
has an obvious implication on the measured voltage across a Josephson junction
driven by a small amplitude alternating current of suitable frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75732 </DOCNO>
The Nucleon Structure in the Resonance Region


  Recent results on inclusive and exclusive electroproduction experiments at
Jefferson Lab are discussed. They include measurements of the spin responses
for protons and neutrons in and above the resonance region, exclusive single
and double pion production to measure resonance transition multipoles, and
searches for predicted yet unobserved quark model states. A brief outlook into
the new domain of generalized parton distribution is given as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168092 </DOCNO>
A robust verification of the quantum nature of light


  We present a conditional experiment involving a parametric amplifier and an
avalanche photodetector to generate highly nonclassical states of the radiation
field. The nonclassicality is robust against amplifier gain, detector
efficiency and dark counts. At the output all the generalized Wigner functions
have negative values, and this is exploited in order to reveal the
nonclassicality through quantum homodyne tomography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129308 </DOCNO>
Tales within Tales and Cutoffs within Cutoffs: What Sets the Mass Scale


  Please answer ``yes'' or ``no'': 1. Does the mass function for clusters of
galaxies cut off exponentially? 2. Does the luminosity function for galaxies
cut off exponentially? 3. Is the dependence of virial velocity on galaxy
luminosity a power law? 4. Does the velocity function for galaxies cut off
exponentially?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99239 </DOCNO>
Separations inside a cube


  Two points are randomly selected inside a three-dimensional euclidian cube.
The value l of their separation lies somewhere between zero and the length of a
diagonal of the cube. The probability density P(l) of the separation is
obtained analytically. Also a Monte Carlo computer simulation is performed,
showing good agreement with the formulas obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3322 </DOCNO>
Spin, charge and orbital ordering in La0.5Sr1.5MnO4


  We have analyzed the experimental evidence of charge and orbital ordering in
La0.5Sr1.5MnO4 using first principles band structure calculations. Our results
suggest the presence of two types of Mn sites in the system. One of the Mn
sites behaves like an Mn(3+) ion, favoring a Jahn-Teller distortion of the
surrounding oxygen atoms, while the distortion around the other is not a simple
breathing mode kind. Band structure effects are found to dominate the
experimental spectrum for orbital and charge ordering, providing an alternate
explanation for the experimentally observed results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97049 </DOCNO>
A physical space approach to wave equation bilinear estimates


  Bilinear estimates for the wave equation in Minkowski space are normally
proven using the Fourier transform and Plancherel's theorem. However, such
methods are difficult to carry over to non-flat situations (such as wave
equations with rough metrics, or with connections with non-zero curvature). In
this note we give some techniques to prove these estimates which rely more on
physical space methods such as vector fields, tube localization, splitting into
coarse and fine scales, and induction on scales (in the spirit of recent papers
of Wolff).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114147 </DOCNO>
Quantum computation with trapped polar molecules


  We propose a novel physical realization of a quantum computer. The qubits are
electric dipole moments of ultracold diatomic molecules, oriented along or
against an external electric field. Individual molecules are held in a 1-D trap
array, with an electric field gradient allowing spectroscopic addressing of
each site. Bits are coupled via the electric dipole-dipole interaction. Using
technologies similar to those already demonstrated, this design can plausibly
lead to a quantum computer with $\gtrsim 10^4$ qubits, which can perform $\sim
10^5$ CNOT gates in the anticipated decoherence time of $\sim 5$ s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3562 </DOCNO>
Entanglement in Dilute Flux Line Liquids


  We construct, within the framework of classical statistical mechanics, a mean
field theory of dilute flux line liquids which goes beyond linear
hydrodynamics. Within our approach, we find that interactions between vortices
produce a massive term in the Hamiltonian of the internal modes of the flux
lines which confines their transverse fluctuations. This suggests that the flux
line liquid, at least in the low density limit considered in this paper, might
very well be in a weakly entangled state, where the average width
$<u^2>^{{1/2}}$ of flux lines can be much larger than the average distance
between the lines but does not diverge with the sample thickness L.
Consequences on the physics of flux line liquids are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126442 </DOCNO>
High Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of Seyfert 2 Galaxies


  X-ray spectroscopy of Seyfert 2 galaxies provides an excellent probe of the
circumnuclear environment in active galactic nuclei. The grating experiments on
both Chandra and XMM-Newton have now provided the first high resolution spectra
of several of the brightest Seyfert 2's. We present Chandra HETG data on
Markarian 3 and XMM-Newton RGS data on NGC 1068. In both cases, the spectra are
dominated by emission lines due to radiative recombination following
photoionization, photoexcitation, and fluorescence. There is no evidence for
any significant contribution from collisionally-heated gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125272 </DOCNO>
JHK Spectroscopy of the z=2.39 Radio Galaxy 53W002 and Its Companions


  We present low-resolution, near-IR JHK spectra of the weak z=2.39 radio
galaxy 53W002 and its companion objects #18 and #19, obtained with OHS/CISCO on
the Subaru Telescope. They cover rest-frame wavelengths of 3400-7200A, and many
rest-optical emission lines are detected. Contributions to the broad-band flux
from these emission lines are found to be very large, up to 40% in the H and
K'-bands and 30% in the J-band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96495 </DOCNO>
Imaginary Verma modules for the extended Affine Lie algebra $sl_2(C_q)$


  We consider one of the most natural extended affine Lie lagebras, the algebra
$sl_2({\mathbb C}_q)$ and begin a theory of its representations. In particular,
we study a class of imaginary Verma modules, obtain a criterion of
irreducibility and describe their submodule structure in "general position".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179272 </DOCNO>
Temperature induced shell effects in deformed nuclei


  The thermal evolution of the shell correction energy is investigated for
deformed nuclei using Strutinsky prescription in a self-consistent relativistic
mean-field framework. For temperature independent single-particle states
corresponding to either spherical or deformed nuclear shapes, the shell
correction energy $\Delta_{sc}$ steadily washes out with temperature. However,
for states pertaining to the self-consistent thermally evolving shapes of
deformed nuclei, the dual role played by the single-particle occupancies in
diluting the fluctuation effects from the single-particle spectra and in
driving the system towards a smaller deformation is crucial in determining
$\Delta_{sc}$ at moderate temperatures. In rare earth nuclei, it is found that
$\Delta_{sc}$ builds up strongly around the shape transition temperature; for
lighter deformed nuclei like $^{64}Zn$ and $^{66}Zn$, this is relatively less
prominent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81409 </DOCNO>
Renormalization constants using quark states in Landau gauge


  We show that given one O(a) improvement constant, b_m, all the remaining
quantities needed to define the renormalized and O(a) improved dimension-3
quark bilinears can be obtained by studying the matrix elements of these
operators between external quark states in a fixed gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6185 </DOCNO>
Random spreading phenomena in annealed small world networks


  We study the simple random walk dynamics on an annealed version of a
Small-World Network (SWN) consisting of $N$ nodes. This is done by calculating
the mean number of distinct sites visited S(n) and the return probability
$P_{00}(t)$ as a function of the time $t$. $S(t)$ is a key quantity both from
the statistical physics point of view and especially for characterizing the
efficiency of the network connectedness. Our results for this quantity shows
features similar to the SWN with quenched disorder, but with a crossover time
that goes inversely proportianal to the probability $p$ of making a long range
jump instead of being proportional to $p^{-2}$ as in quenched case. We have
also carried out simulations on a modified annealed model where the crossover
time goes as $p^{-2}$ due to specific time dependent transition probabilities
and we present an approximate self-consistent solution to it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1074 </DOCNO>
The geometric order of stripes and Luttinger liquids


  It is argued that the electron stripes as found in correlated oxides have to
do with an unrecognized form of order. The manifestation of this order is the
robust property that the charge stripes are at the same time anti-phase
boundaries in the spin system. We demonstrate that the quantity which is
ordering is sublattice parity, referring to the geometric property of a
bipartite lattice that it can be subdivided in two sublattices in two different
ways. Re-interpreting standard results of one dimensional physics, we
demonstrate that the same order is responsible for the phenomenon of
spin-charge separation in strongly interacting one dimensional electron
systems. In fact, the stripe phases can be seen from this perspective as the
precise generalization of the Luttinger liquid to higher dimensions. Most of
this paper is devoted to a detailed exposition of the mean-field theory of
sublattice parity order in 2+1 dimensions. Although the quantum-dynamics of the
spin- and charge degrees of freedom is fully taken into account, a perfect
sublattice parity order is imposed. Due to novel order-out-of-disorder physics,
the sublattice parity order gives rise to full stripe order at long wavelength.
This adds further credibility to the notion that stripes find their origin in
the microscopic quantum fluctuations and it suggests a novel viewpoint on the
relationship between stripes and high Tc superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124644 </DOCNO>
GRB and Environment Interaction


  We discuss three aspects of the interaction between GRB and their
surroundings. The illumination of the progenitor remnant and/or the
surroundings by the X-ray afterglow continuum can produce substantial Fe
K-alpha line and edge emission, with implications for the progenitor model. The
presence of large dust column densities, capable of obscuring the GRB optical
afterglow, will lead to characteristic delayed X-ray and far-IR light curve
signatures. Pair production induced by the initial gamma-rays in the nearby
environment will modify the initial spectrum and the afterglow light curve, and
the magnitude of these changes provides a diagnostic for the external density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179265 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov Approach for Nuclear Matter with


  We investigate the pairing property of nuclear matter with Relativistic
Hartree-Bogoliubov(RHB) approach. Recently, the RHB approach has been widely
applied to nuclear matter and finite nuclei. We have extended the RHB approach
to be able to include non-linear coupling terms of mesons. In this paper we
apply it to nuclear matter and observe the effect of non-linear terms on
pairing gaps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98045 </DOCNO>
On counting permutations by pairs of congruence classes of major index


  For a fixed positive integer n, let S_n denote the symmetric group of n!
permutations on n symbols, and let maj(sigma) denote the major index of a
permutation sigma. For positive integers k<m not greater than n and
non-negative integers i and j, we give enumerative formulas for the cardinality
of the set of permutations sigma in S_n with maj(sigma) congruent to i mod k
and maj(sigma^(-1)) congruent to j mod m. When m divides n-1 and k divides n,
we show that for all i,j, this cardinality equals (n!)/(km).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179079 </DOCNO>
Fission widths of hot nuclei from Langevin dynamics


  Fission dynamics of excited nuclei is studied in the framework of Langevin
equation. The one body wall-and-window friction is used as the dissipative
force in the Langevin equation. In addition to the usual wall formula friction,
the chaos weighted wall formula developed earlier to account for
nonintegrability of single-particle motion within the nuclear volume is also
considered here. The fission rate calculated with the chaos weighted wall
formula is found to be faster by about a factor of two than that obtained with
the usual wall friction. The systematic dependence of fission width on
temperature and spin of the fissioning nucleus is investigated and a simple
parametric form of fission width is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40759 </DOCNO>
Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy of Muonic Hydrogen Atoms and Molecules


  Studies of muonic hydrogen atoms and molecules have been performed
traditionally in bulk targets of gas, liquid or solid. At TRIUMF, Canada's
meson facility, we have developed a new type of target system using multilayer
thin films of solid hydrogen, which provides a beam of muonic hydrogen atoms in
vacuum. Using the time-of-flight of the muonic atoms, the energy-dependent
information of muonic reactions are obtained in direct manner. We discuss some
unique measurements enabled by the new technique, with emphasis on processes
relevant to muon catalyzed fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5248 </DOCNO>
Subharmonic Shapiro steps and assisted tunneling in superconducting


  We analyze the current in a superconducting point contact of arbitrary
transmission in the presence of a microwave radiation. The interplay between
the ac Josephson current and the microwave signal gives rise to Shapiro steps
at voltages V = (m/n) \hbar \omega_r/2e, where n,m are integer numbers and
\omega_r is the radiation frequency. The subharmonic steps (n different from 1)
are a consequence of the ocurrence of multiple Andreev reflections (MAR) and
provide an unambiguous signature of the peculiar ac Josephson effect at high
transmission. Moreover, the dc current exhibits a rich subgap structure due to
photon-assisted MARs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179478 </DOCNO>
Towards a Unique Low Momentum Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction


  We provide evidence for a unique low momentum nucleon-nucleon interaction.
Performing a renormalization group decimation, we find that the low momentum
potentials obtained from different realistic potential models, such as Bonn,
Paris, Argonne and a chiral model (Idaho), are identical. This occurs for
cutoffs below the energy scale over which the potential models are constrained
by experimental data. The model-independent nucleon-nucleon interaction is
phase shift equivalent to the modern potential models and can be used directly
in nuclear many-body calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96909 </DOCNO>
Invariant metrics on G-spaces


  Let X be a G-space such that the orbit space X/G is metrizable. Suppose a
family of slices is given at each point of X. We study a construction which
associates, under some conditions on the family of slices, with any metric on
X/G an invariant metric on X.
 We show also that a family of slices with the required properties exists for
any action of a countable group on a locally compact and locally connected
metric space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127359 </DOCNO>
Free-Floating Planets: Not So Surprising


  We find that free-floating planets can remain bound to a star cluster for
much longer than was previously assumed: of the order of the cluster half-mass
relaxation timescale as opposed to the crossing-time. This result is based on
N-body simulations performed with the new GRAPE-6 special purpose hardware and
is important in the context of the preliminary detection of a population of
free-floating sub-stellar objects in the globular cluster M22. The planets in
our N-body study are of Jupiter mass and are initially placed in circular
orbits of between 0.05 and 50 AU about a parent star whose mass is chosen from
a realistic initial mass function. The presence of the free-floating planets is
the result of dynamical encounters between planetary systems and the cluster
stars. Most planets are liberated from their parent star in, or near, the
cluster core, and then drift outwards on a timescale of ~ 10^{8-9} year. This
still implies the existence of many (~100) planets per star if the M22 result
is confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113452 </DOCNO>
On Turbulent Reconnection


  We examine the dynamics of turbulent reconnection in 2D and 3D reduced MHD by
calculating the effective dissipation due to coupling between small-scale
fluctuations and large-scale magnetic fields. Sweet-Parker type balance
relations are then used to calculate the global reconnection rate. Two
approaches are employed -- quasi-linear closure and an eddy-damped fluid model.
Results indicate that despite the presence of turbulence, the reconnection rate
remains inversely proportional to $\sqrt{R_m}$, as in the Sweet-Parker
analysis. In 2D, the global reconnection rate is shown to be enhanced over the
Sweet-Parker result by a factor of magnetic Mach number. These results are the
consequences of the constraint imposed on the global reconnection rate by the
requirement of mean square magnetic potential balance. The incompatibility of
turbulent fluid-magnetic energy equipartition and stationarity of mean square
magnetic potential is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128125 </DOCNO>
X-ray temperature and morphology of z>0.8 clusters of galaxies


  We discuss our current progress in studying a sample of z>0.8 clusters of
galaxies from the ROSAT Distant Cluster Survey. To date, we have Chandra
observations for four of the ten clusters. We find that the morphology of two
of these four are quite regular, with deviations from circular of less than 5%,
while two are strikingly elliptical. When the temperatures and luminosities of
our sample are grouped with six other high-redshift measurements, there is no
measured evolution in the luminosity-temperature relation. We identify a number
of X-ray emitting point sources that are potential cluster members. These could
be sources of intracluster medium heating, adding the entropy necessary to
explain the cluster luminosity-temperature relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1700 </DOCNO>
Efficient Monte Carlo Simulation Methods in Statistical Physics


  The basic problem in equilibrium statistical mechanics is to compute phase
space average, in which Monte Carlo method plays a very important role. We
begin with a review of nonlocal algorithms for Markov chain Monte Carlo
simulation in statistical physics. We discuss their advantages, applications,
and some challenge problems which are still awaiting for better solutions. We
discuss some of the recent development in simulation where reweighting is used,
such as histogram methods and multicanonical method. We then discuss the
transition matrix Monte Carlo method and associated algorithms. The transition
matrix method offers an efficient way to compute the density of states. Thus
entropy and free energy, as well as the usual thermodynamic averages, are
obtained as functions of model parameter (e.g. temperature) in a single run.
New sampling algorithms, such as the flat histogram algorithm and equal-hit
algorithm, offer sampling techniques which generate uniform probability
distribution for some chosen macroscopic variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96099 </DOCNO>
On eigenvalue estimates for the Dirac operator


  We give lower bounds for the eigenvalues of the submanifold Dirac operator in
terms of intrinsic and extrinsic curvature expressions. We also show that the
limiting cases give rise to a class generalizing that of Killing spinors. We
conclude by translating these results in terms of intrinsic twisted Dirac
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95883 </DOCNO>
Constructions of Non-Abelian Zeta Functions for Curves


  In this paper, we introduce (local and) global non-abelian zeta functions for
general curves. As an example, we compute the so-called rank two zeta functions
for genus two curves by studying non-abelian Brill-Noether loci and their
infinitesimal structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4711 </DOCNO>
Competing mechanisms for step meandering in unstable growth


  The meander instability of a vicinal surface growing under step flow
conditions is studied within a solid-on-solid model. In the absence of edge
diffusion the selected meander wavelength agrees quantitatively with the
continuum linear stability analysis of Bales and Zangwill [Phys. Rev. B {\bf
41}, 4400 (1990)]. In the presence of edge diffusion a local instability
mechanism related to kink rounding barriers dominates, and the meander
wavelength is set by one-dimensional nucleation. The long-time behavior of the
meander amplitude differs in the two cases, and disagrees with the predictions
of a nonlinear step evolution equation [O. Pierre-Louis et al., Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 80}, 4221 (1998)]. The variation of the meander wavelength with the
deposition flux and with the activation barriers for step adatom detachment and
step crossing (the Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier) is studied in detail. The
interpretation of recent experiments on surfaces vicinal to Cu(100) [T.
Maroutian et al., Phys. Rev. B {\bf 64}, 165401 (2001)] in the light of our
results yields an estimate for the kink barrier at the close packed steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41529 </DOCNO>
Matrix elements of (delta S=2) operators with Wilson fermions


  We test the recent proposal of using the Ward identities to compute the
K0-K0bar mixing amplitude with Wilson fermions, without the problem of spurious
lattice subtractions. From our simulations, we observe no difference between
the results obtained with and without subtractions. In addition, from the
standard study of the complete set of (delta S=2) operators, we quote the
following (preliminary) results (in the MS(NDR) scheme): Bk(2 GeV)=0.70(10), <
O7^{3/2}>_{K->pi pi} = 0.10(2)(1) GeV^3, < O8^{3/2}>_{K->pi pi} = 0.49(6)(0)
GeV^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75031 </DOCNO>
Future Island Universes in a Background Universe Accelerated by


  We study bound object formation in a background universe accelerated by
cosmological constant and by quintessence. If the acceleration lasts forever,
due to the existence of event horizon, one would have naively expected the
universe to approach a state of cold death. However, we find that many local
regions in the universe can in fact be protected by their own gravity to form
mini-universes, provided that their present matter densities exceed some
critical value. Within these mini-universes, there can be no event horizon
although all of them will eventually fall onto each other's horizon and become
isolated island universes. In the case with cosmological constant ($\Lambda$CDM
cosmology) the condition of forming mini-universe is that the ratio of present
density parameters $\Omega_{i}^0/\Omega_\Lambda$ ought to be larger than a
critical value 3.63. Such mini-universes typically weigh less than $2\times
10^{14}$ solar masses, with the lighter ones having tight and compact
configurations. In the case with quintessence, the final ratio
$\Omega_i/\Omega_q$ of a mini-universe is found to be always larger than
$w_q^2-w_q$, where $w_q$ is the equation of state parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95571 </DOCNO>
On the monad of proper factorisation systems in categories


  It is known that factorisation systems in categories can be viewed as unitary
pseudo algebras for the "squaring" monad in Cat.
   We show in this note that an analogous fact holds for proper (i.e.,
epi-mono) factorisation systems and a suitable quotient of the former monad,
deriving from a construct introduced by P. Freyd for stable homotopy.
   Structural similarities of the previous monad with the path endofunctor of
topological spaces are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 336 </DOCNO>
The XY-model with $Z_2$ Symmetry: Finite-size scaling analysis using the


  In this work we investigate the classical ferromagnetic XY-model in two
dimensions subject to a symmetry breaking field which impose a $Z_2$ symmetry
to the system. We used the broad histogram method combined with microcanonical
simulations and finite-size scaling analysis to estimate the critical
temperature and critical exponents of this system with little computational
effort. In addition, we present a general procedure which makes possible to use
the broad histogram method for continuous systems, also when the macroscopic
quantities needed by the method cannot be obtained analytically. Our results
are robust under the choice of four different pseudo-random number generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81384 </DOCNO>
Study of spatial meson correlators at finite temperature in quenched


  We analyze the meson correlator in the spatial direction at finite
temperature. To achieve fine resolution in the spatial direction, we use an
anisotropic lattice with the standard Wilson plaquette gauge action and the
$O(a)$ improved Wilson quark action. Below and above $T_c$, properties of
correlators are investigated by two methods: fits with ansatz for the spectral
function, and direct reconstruction of the spectral function using the maximum
entropy method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 866 </DOCNO>
Interplane Transport and Superfluid Density in Layered Superconductors


  We report on generic trends in the behavior of the interlayer penetration
depth $\lambda_c$ of several different classes of quasi two-dimensional
superconductors including cuprates, Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, transition metal
dichalcogenides and organic materials of the $(BEDT-TTF)_2X$-series. Analysis
of these trends reveals two distinct patterns in the scaling between the values
of $\lambda_c$ and the magnitude of the DC conductivity: one realized in the
systems with a Fermi liquid (FL) ground state and the other seen in systems
with a marked deviation from the FL response. The latter pattern is found
primarily in under-doped cuprates and indicates a dramatic enhancement (factor
$\simeq 10^2$) of the energy scale $\Omega_C$ associated with the formation of
the condensate compared to the data for the FL materials. We discuss
implications of these results for the understanding of pairing in high-$T_c$
cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7074 </DOCNO>
Cotunneling thermopower of single electron transistors


  We study the thermopower of a quantum dot weakly coupled to two reservoirs by
tunnel junctions. At low temperatures the transport through the dot is
suppressed by charging effects (Coulomb blockade). As a result the thermopower
shows an oscillatory dependence on the gate voltage. We study this dependence
in the limit of low temperatures where the transport through the dot is
dominated by the processes of inelastic cotunneling. We also obtain a crossover
formula for intermediate temperatures which connects our cotunneling results to
the known sawtooth behavior in the sequential tunneling regime. As the
temperature is lowered, the amplitude of thermopower oscillations increases,
and their shape changes qualitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1134 </DOCNO>
Magneto-transport Properties near the Superconductor-Insulator


  We analyze here the behavior near the 2D insulator-superconductor quantum
critical point in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. We show that
with increasing field $H$, the quantum disordered and quantum critical regimes,
in which vortex degrees of freedom are suppressed, crossover to a new
magnetically activated (MA) regime, where the correlation length $\xi \sim
1/\sqrt{H}$. In this regime, we show that the conductivity decreases
monotonically as opposed to the anticipated saturation predicted from
hyperuniversality arguments. This discrepancy arises from the lack of
commutativity of the frequency and temperature tending to zero limits of the
conductivity. In the low-field regime such that $\sqrt{H}\ll\Delta$, and in the
absence of Ohmic dissipation, where $\Delta$ is a measure of the distance from
the quantum critical point, the resistivity saturates to the Bose metal value
found previously for Cooper pairs lacking phase coherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127342 </DOCNO>
Emission Line Diagnostics of Accretion Flows in Weak-Line Radio Galaxies


  In recent surveys of Radio-loud AGN, a new sub-class of objects, known as
Weak-Line Radio Galaxies (WLRGs) has emerged. These radio galaxies have only
weak, low-ionization optical emission lines. In the X-ray band, these objects
are much fainter and have flatter spectra than broad-line and narrow-line radio
galaxies. In these respects, WLRGs are reminiscent of Low Ionization Nuclear
Emission Regions (LINERs). We have begun a multi-wavelength study of WLRGs to
better understand their possible connection to LINERs and the structure of the
accretion flow in both these systems. Here, we present new optical spectra of a
sample of WLRGs. We find that 81% of the objects have optical emission-line
properties that are similar to LINERs, indicating that these two classes of AGN
may be related. Future high resolution X-ray observations of WLRGs will be
critical in determining the true nature of the accretion flow in these objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73751 </DOCNO>
Spinor algebra transformations as gauge symmetry: limit to Einstein


  We construct a Lagrangian of Weyl spinors and gauge fields, which is
invariant under the action of equivalent local transformations on the spinor
algebra representations. A model of vacuum with a nontrivial gauge
strength-tensor setting a scale and spontaneously breaking the gauge symmetry
is suggested, so that the leading approximation at low energies is described by
the Einstein--Hilbert Lagrangian of gravity. We consider a mechanism for the
cancellation of cosmological constant due to a symmetry between the vacuum
strength tensor and the tensor dual to it. The appearance of nonzero masses for
the non-graviton degrees of freedom for the gauge field is shown. The
generalization to the Dirac spinors is considered, and a group of additional
gauge symmetry is determined. We argue for a necessary introduction of
supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1634 </DOCNO>
The bend elastic constant in a mixture of (4,4')-n-octyl-cyanobiphenyl


  The effect of a rigid, non-polar and nonmesogenic solute biphenyl
((C_{6}H_{5}-C_{6}H_{5})) on the divergence of the bend elastic constant K_{33}
of (4,4^{\prime}) -n-octyl-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) near the smecticA-nematic
transition is reported. The exponent decreases from about 1.0 to 0.67 as the
concentration of biphenyl increases. The temperature at which the divergence
takes place is about 0.5 to 1.0K higher than the transition temperature T_{AN}
>. A simple calculation based on Landau theory is presented to explore the
possibilities of the existence of a biphenyl induced tricritical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95802 </DOCNO>
Invariant Fields of Symplectic and Orthogonal Groups


  The projective orthogonal and symplectic groups $PO_n(F)$ and $PSp_n(F)$ have
a natural action on the $F$ vector space $V' = M_n(F) \oplus ... \oplus
M_n(F)$. Here we assume $F$ is an infinite field of characteristic not 2. If we
assume there is more than one summand in $V'$, then the invariant fields
$F(V')^{PO_n}$ and $F(V')^{PSp_n}$ are natural objects. They are, for example,
the centers of generic algebras with the appropriate kind of involution. This
paper considers the rationality properties of these fields, in the case $1,2$
or 4 are the highest powers of 2 that divide $n$. We derive rationality when
$n$ is odd, or when 2 is the highest power, and stable rationality when 4 is
the highest power. In a companion paper [ST] joint with Tignol, we prove
retract rationality when 8 is the highest power of 2 dividing $n$. Back in this
paper, along the way, we consider two generic ways of forcing a Brauer class to
be in the image of restriction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2896 </DOCNO>
Unsupervised learning and adaptation in a model of adult neurogenesis


  Adult neurogenesis has long been documented in the vertebrate brain, and
recently even in humans. Although it has been conjectured for many years that
its functional role is related to the renewing of memories, no clear mechanism
as to how this can be achieved has been proposed. We present a scheme in which
incorporation of new neurons proceeds at a constant rate, while their survival
is activity-dependent and thus contingent upon new neurons establishing
suitable connections. We show that a simple mathematical model following these
rules organizes its activity so as to maximize the difference between its
responses, and can adapt to changing environmental conditions in unsupervised
fashion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7609 </DOCNO>
Theory of Ferromagnetism in Doped Excitonic Condensates


  Nesting in a semimetal can lead to an excitonic insulator state with
spontaneous coherence between conduction and valence bands and a gap for
charged excitations. In this paper we present a theory of the ferromagnetic
state that occurs when the density of electrons in the conduction band and
holes in the valence band differ. We find an unexpectedly rich doping-field
phase diagram and an unusual collective excitation spectrum that includes two
gapless collective modes. We predict regions of doping and external field in
which phase-separated condensates of electrons and holes with parallel spins
and opposing spins coexist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148785 </DOCNO>
Fusion Rules for Affine sl(2|1;C) at Fractional Level k=-1/2


  We calculate fusion rules for the admissible representations of the affine
superalgebra sl(2|1;C) at fractional level k=-1/2 in the Ramond sector. By
representing 3-point correlation functions involving a singular vector as the
action of differential operators on the sl(2|1;C) invariant 3-point function,
we obtain conditions on permitted quantum numbers involved. We find that in
this case the primary fields close under fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128749 </DOCNO>
An Instrument for Investigating the Large Angular Scale Polarization of


  We describe the design and performance of a microwave polarimeter used to
make precision measurements of polarized astrophysical radiation in three
microwave frequency bands spanning 26-36 GHz. The instrument uses cooled HEMT
amplifiers in a correlation polarimeter configuration to achieve high
sensitivity and long-term stability. The instrument demonstrates long term
stability and has produced the most restrictive upper limits to date on the
large angular scale polarization of the 2.7 K cosmic microwave background
radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179509 </DOCNO>
Modeling the strangeness content of hadronic matter


  The strangeness content of hadronic matter is studied in a string-flip model
that reproduces various aspects of the QCD-inspired phenomenology, such as
quark clustering at low density and color deconfinement at high density, while
avoiding long range van der Waals forces. Hadronic matter is modeled in terms
of its quark constituents by taking into account its internal flavor (u,d,s)
and color (red, blue, green) degrees of freedom. Variational Monte-Carlo
simulations in three spatial dimensions are performed for the ground-state
energy of the system. The onset of the transition to strange matter is found to
be influenced by weak, yet not negligible, clustering correlations. The phase
diagram of the system displays an interesting structure containing both
continuous and discontinuous phase transitions. Strange matter is found to be
absolutely stable in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81039 </DOCNO>
The Convergence of Yang-Mills Integrals


  We prove that SU(N) bosonic Yang-Mills matrix integrals are convergent for
dimension (number of matrices) $D\ge D_c$. It is already known that $D_c=5$ for
N=2; we prove that $D_c=4$ for N=3 and that $D_c=3$ for $N\ge 4$. These results
are consistent with the numerical evaluations of the integrals by Krauth and
Staudacher.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124723 </DOCNO>
An analytical MHD wind model with latitudinal dependences obtained using


  A new class of analytical 2-D solutions of the full set of the steady
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, describing an axisymmetric helicoidal
magnetized outflow originating from a rotating central object, is presented.
The solutions are systematically obtained via a nonlinear separation of the
variables in the momentum equation. The analysis yields three parameters which
measure the anisotropy in the latitudinal distribution of various flow
quantities. Topologically, the wind speed is controlled by an X-type critical
point that acts to filter out a single wind-type branch and the Alfven
singularity. The solutions can be regarded as an extension outside the
equatorial plane of the Weber & Davis (1967) model of magnetized winds but with
a variable polytropic index.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168510 </DOCNO>
Role of degenerate atomic levels in the entanglement and the decoherence


  We studied the dispersive dissipation of denegerate-level atom interacting
with a single linearly-polarized mode field. It is found that the degeneracy of
the atomic level affects the dissipation bahavior of the system as well as the
subsystems. The degeneracy of the atomic level augment the periods of
entanglement and increase the degree of the maxima statistical mixture states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6790 </DOCNO>
Effects of atomic interactions in two component submonolayer growth


  We discuss effects of the different chemical bondings on the island
morphology and on the island density scaling in two-component submonolayer
growth. Different regimes depending on the strength of the mutual interactions
and on the relative mobility of species are described and studied by kinetic
Monte Carlo simulations using a two-component solid-on-solid growth model.
Results for the temperature and flux dependence of the island density as well
as examples of the surface morphologies are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86993 </DOCNO>
Current constraints on the dark energy equation of state


  We combine complementary datasets from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
anisotropy measurements, high redshift supernovae (SN-Ia) observations and data
from local cluster abundances and galaxy clustering (LSS) to constrain the dark
energy equation of state parameterized by a constant pressure-to-density ratio
$w_Q$. Under the assumption of flatness, we find $w_Q < -0.85$ at 68% c.l.,
providing no significant evidence for quintessential behaviour different from
that of a cosmological constant. We then generalise our result to show that the
constraints placed on a constant $w_{Q}$ can be safely extended to dynamical
theories. We consider a variety of quintessential dynamical models based on
inverse power law, exponential and oscillatory scaling potentials. We find that
SN1a observations are `numbed' to dynamical shifts in the equation of state,
making the prospect of reconstructing $w(z)$, a challenging one indeed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1492 </DOCNO>
Laplacian Growth and Diffusion Limited Aggregation: different


  It had been conjectured that Diffusion Limited Aggregates and Laplacian
Growth patterns (with small surface tension) are in the same universality
class. Using iterated conformal maps we construct a 1-parameter family of
fractal growth patterns with a continuously varying fractal dimension. This
family can be used to bound the dimension of Laplacian Growth patterns from
below. The bound value is higher than the dimension of Diffusion Limited
Aggregates, showing that the two problems belong to two different universality
classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126849 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Monitoring of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Akn 564.


  We present results of an intensive two-month campaign of approximately daily
spectrophotometric monitoring of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Akn 564 with
HST. The fractional variability amplitude of the continuum variations between
1365-3000 A is ~6%, about a factor 3 less than that found in typical Seyfert 1
galaxies over a similar period of time. However, large amplitude, short
time-scale flaring behavior is evident, with trough-to-peak flux changes of
about 18% in approximately 3 days. We present evidence for wavelength-dependent
continuum time delays, with the variations at 3000 A lagging behind those at
1365 A by about 1 day. These delays may be interpreted as evidence for a
stratified continuum reprocessing region, possibly an accretion-disk structure.
The Lyman-alpha 1216 emission-line exhibits flux variations of about 1%
amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5393 </DOCNO>
Predicting phase equilibria in polydisperse systems


  Many materials containing colloids or polymers are polydisperse: They
comprise particles with properties (such as particle diameter, charge, or
polymer chain length) that depend continuously on one or several parameters.
This review focusses on the theoretical prediction of phase equilibria in
polydisperse systems; the presence of an effectively infinite number of
distinguishable particle species makes this a highly nontrivial task. I first
describe qualitatively some of the novel features of polydisperse phase
behaviour, and outline a theoretical framework within which they can be
explored. Current techniques for predicting polydisperse phase equilibria are
then reviewed. I also discuss applications to some simple model systems
including homopolymers and random copolymers, spherical colloids and
colloid-polymer mixtures, and liquid crystals formed from rod- and plate-like
colloidal particles; the results surveyed give an idea of the rich
phenomenology of polydisperse phase behaviour. Extensions to the study of
polydispersity effects on interfacial behaviour and phase separation kinetics
are outlined briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150161 </DOCNO>
Tachyons, Supertubes and Brane/Anti-Brane Systems


  We find supertubes with arbitrary (and not necessarily planar) cross section;
the stability against the D2-brane tension is due to a compensation by the
local momentum generated by Born-Infeld fields. Stability against long-range
supergravity forces is also established. We find the corresponding solutions of
the infinite-N M(atrix) model. The supersymmetric D2/anti-D2 system is a
special case of the general supertube, and we show that there are no
open-string tachyons in this system via a computation of the open-string
one-loop vacuum energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98619 </DOCNO>
Strongly meager sets can be quite big


  The paper contains two results pointing to the lack of symmetry between
measure and category.
  Assume CH. There exists a strongly meager subset of the Cantor set that can
be mapped onto the Cantor set by a uniformly continuous function. (It is well
known that uniformly continuous image of a strongly null set is strongly null).
  A ZFC version of this result is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74091 </DOCNO>
Hyperonic crystallization in hadronic matter


  Published in Hadrons, Nuclei and Applications, World Scientific, Singapore,
Proc.of the Conference Bologna2000. Structure of the Nucleus at the Dawn of the
Century, G. Bonsignori, M. Bruno, A. Ventura, D. Vretenar Editors, pag. 319.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125422 </DOCNO>
Squared temperature-temperature power spectrum as a probe of the CMB


  It is now well known that mode-coupling effects associated with certain
secondary effects generate higher order correlations in cosmic microwave
background (CMB) temperature anisotropies, beyond the two-point function. In
order to extract the non-Gaussian signal at the three-point level, we suggest a
two-point statistic in the form of an angular power spectrum involving
correlations between squared temperature and temperature anisotropies. This
power spectrum contains compressed information from the bispectrum and can be
easily measured in data with the same techniques that have been considered for
the measurement of the usual temperature-temperature anisotropy power spectrum.
We study the proposed power spectrum resulting from the non-Gaussian signal
generated by correlations involved with gravitational lensing angular
deflections in CMB and the Sunyave-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect due to large scale
pressure fluctuations. Using the Planck frequency cleaned CMB and SZ maps, the
CMB^2-SZ power spectrum provides a direct estimate of the cross-power between
lensing angular deflections and the SZ effect. Through an optimal filter
applied to the squared CMB map, the proposed statistic allows one to obtain all
information from the lensing-SZ bispectrum. The observational measurement of
the lensing-SZ cross-correlation is useful to understand the relation between
large scale structure pressure and dark matter fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1469 </DOCNO>
Parametric phase transition in one dimension


  We calculate analytically the phase boundary for a nonequilibrium phase
transition in a one-dimensional array of coupled, overdamped parametric
harmonic oscillators in the limit of strong and weak spatial coupling. Our
results show that the transition is reentrant with respect to the spatial
coupling in agreement with the prediction of the mean field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125486 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear States of the Screw Dynamo


  The self-excitation of magnetic field by a spiral Couette flow between two
coaxial cylinders is considered. We solve numerically the fully nonlinear,
three-dimensional MHD equations for magnetic Prandtl numbers Pm (ratio of
kinematic viscosity to magnetic diffusivity) between 0.14 and 10 and kinematic
and magnetic Reynolds numbers up to about 2000. In the initial stage of
exponential field growth (kinematic dynamo regime), we find that the dynamo
switches from one distinct regime to another as the radial width \delta r_B$ of
the magnetic field distribution becomes smaller than the separation of the
field maximum from the flow boundary. The saturation of magnetic field growth
is due to a reduction in the velocity shear resulting mainly from the
azimuthally and axially averaged part of the Lorentz force, which agrees with
an asymptotic result for the limit of Pm<<1. In the parameter regime
considered, the magnetic energy decreases with kinematic Reynolds number as
Re^{-0.84}, which is approximately as predicted by the nonlinear asymptotic
theory (\sim Re^{-1}). However, when the velocity field is maintained by a
volume force (rather than by viscous stress) the dependence of magnetic energy
on the kinematic Reynolds number is much weaker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99148 </DOCNO>
A multiplicative property of quantum flag minors


  We study multiplicative properties of the (quantum) dual canonical basis B*
associated to a semi-simple complex Lie group G. We provide a subset D of B*
such that the following property holds : if two elements b, b' in B* q-commute
and if one of these elements is in D, then the product bb' is in B* up to a
power of q, where q the quantum parameter. If G is SL_n, then D is the set of
so-called quantum flag minors and we obtain a generalization of a result of
Leclerc-Nazarov-Thibon, see ArXiv:Math.QA/0011074.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98006 </DOCNO>
Metrics of positive Ricci curvature on bundles


  We construct new examples of manifolds of positive Ricci curvature which,
topologically, are vector bundles over compact manifolds of almost nonnegative
Ricci curvature. In particular, we prove that if E is the total space of a
vector bundle over a compact manifold of nonnegative Ricci curvature, then the
product of E and R^p admits a complete metric of positive Ricci curvature for
all large p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95921 </DOCNO>
On the Saddle Point Property of Abresch-Langer curves under the Curve


  In the study of the curve shortening flow on general closed curves, Abresch
and Langer posed a conjecture that the homothetic curves can be regarded as
saddle points between multi-folded circles and some singular curves. In other
words, these homothetic curves are the watershed between curves with a
nonsingular future and those with singular future along the flow. In this
article, we provide an affirmitive proof to this conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77156 </DOCNO>
Non-singular big-bounces and evolution of linear fluctuations


  We consider evolutions of linear fluctuations as the background Friedmann
world model goes from contracting to expanding phases through smooth and
non-singular bouncing phases. As long as the gravity dominates over the
pressure gradient in the perturbation equation the growing-mode in the
expanding phase is characterized by a conserved amplitude, we call it a C-mode.
In the spherical geometry with a pressureless medium, we show that there exists
a special gauge-invariant combination \Phi which stays constant throughout the
evolution from the big-bang to the big-crunch with the same value even after
the bounce: it characterizes the coefficient of the C-mode. We show this result
by using a bounce model where the pressure gradient term is negligible during
the bounce; this requires additional presence of an exotic matter. In such a
bounce, even in more general situations of the equation of states before and
after the bounce, the C-mode in the expanding phase is affected only by the
C-mode in the contracting phase, thus the growing mode in the contracting phase
decays away as the world model enters expanding phase. In the case the
background curvature has significant role during the bounce, the pressure
gradient term becomes important and we cannot trace C-mode in the expanding
phase to the one before the bounce. In such situations, perturbations in a
fluid bounce model show exponential instability, whereas the ones in a scalar
field bounce model show oscillatory behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86192 </DOCNO>
Wheeler-DeWitt Equation with Variable Constants


  In this paper we review the basic issues of quantum cosmological models. We
explore the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in different contexts but from a
dimensional point of view. We end by presenting the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in
the case of considering all the constants varying. The quantum potential is
obtained and the tunneling probability is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1129 </DOCNO>
Aging dynamics of quantum spin glasses of rotors


  We study the long time dynamics of quantum spin glasses of rotors using the
non-equilibrium Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. These models are known to have a
quantum phase transition from a paramagnetic to a spin glass phase, which we
approach by looking at the divergence of the spin relaxation rate at the
transition point. In the aging regime, we determine the dynamical equations
governing the time evolution of the spin response and correlation functions,
and show that all terms in the equations that arise solely from quantum effects
are irrelevant at long times under time reparametrization group (RpG)
transformations. At long times, quantum effects enter only through the
renormalization of the parameters in the dynamical equations for the classical
counterpart of the rotor model. Consequently, quantum effects only modify the
out of equilibrium fluctuation dissipation relation (OEFDR), i.e. the ratio X
between the temperature and the effective temperature, but not the form of the
classical OEFDR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41220 </DOCNO>
An Experimentalist's View of Neutrino Oscillations


  Neutrinos, and primarily neutrino oscillations, have undoubtedly been one of
the most exciting topics in the field of high-energy physics over the past few
years. The existence of neutrino oscillations would require an extension of the
currently accepted description of sub-nuclear phenomena beyond the Standard
Model. Compelling evidence of new physics, which seems to be pointing towards
neutrino oscillations, is coming from the solar neutrino deficit and from the
atmospheric neutrino anomaly. More controversial effects have been observed
with artificially produced neutrinos. The present experimental status of
neutrino oscillations is reviewed, as well as the planned future experimental
programme, which, it is hoped, will solve most of the outstanding puzzles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76223 </DOCNO>
Lorentz and CPT violations from Chern-Simons modifications of QED


  The possibility of a small modification of spinor Quantum Electro-Dynamics is
reconsidered, in which Lorentz and CPT non-covariant kinetic terms for photons
and fermions are present. The corresponding free field theory is carefully
discussed. The finite one-loop parity-odd induced effective action is
unambiguously calculated using the physical cutoff method, which manifestly
encodes the maximal residual symmetry group allowed by the presence of the
Lorentz and CPT breaking axial-vector. This very same induced effective action,
which is different from those ones so far quoted in the Literature, is also
re-derived by means of the dimensional regularization, provided the maximal
residual symmetry is maintained in the enlarged $D$-dimensional space-time. As
a consequence, it turns out that the requirement of keeping the maximal
residual symmetry at the quantum level just corresponds to the physical
renormalization prescription which naturally fixes the one-loop parity-odd
induced effective action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149083 </DOCNO>
Fluxes in Heterotic and Type II String Compactifications


  In this paper we consider heterotic compactifications on K3 x T2 as well as
type II compactifications on K3-fibred Calabi-Yau spaces with certain fluxes
for the gauge and RR field strengths F and H turned on. By providing an
identification of corresponding fluxes we show that the well-known N=2
heterotic/type II string-string duality still holds for a subset of all
possible fluxes, namely those which arise from six-dimensional gauge fields
with internal magnetic flux on the common two-sphere P1, which is the base
space of the type II K3-fibration. On the other hand, F- and H-fluxes without
P1-support, such as heterotic F-fluxes on the torus T2 or type II H-fluxes on
cycles of the K3-fibre cannot be matched in any simple way, which is a
challenge for heterotic/type II string-string duality. Our analysis is based on
the comparison of terms in the effective low-energy heterotic and type II
actions which are induced by the fluxes, such as the Green-Schwarz couplings
related to flux-induced U(1) anomalies, the effective superpotential and the
Fayet-Iliopoulos scalar potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3854 </DOCNO>
Ring-Driven Shear Thickening in Wormlike Micelles?


  The shear-thickening behaviour of wormlike micelles, at concentrations just
below overlap, remains unexplained. In some cases it has recently been
confirmed that very slow relaxations must be present even in the quiescent
state -- for example, the shear thickening properties can depend on earlier
thermal cycling. We present a speculative scenario based on the presence, just
below the (apparent) overlap threshold, of large rings whose linking and
delinking kinetics control the shear thickening process. Equilibration between
rings and open chains in turn controls the slow relaxations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124814 </DOCNO>
The Flattened, Rotating Molecular Gas Core of Protostellar Jet HH 212


  The recently discovered protostellar jet known as HH212 is beautifully
symmetric, with a series of paired shock knots and bow shocks on either side of
the exciting source region, IRAS 05413-0104 (Zinnecker et al. 1998). We present
VLA ammonia maps of the IRAS 05413-0104 molecular gas envelope in which the
protostellar jet source is embedded. We find that the envelope, with mass of
0.2 M(sun) detected by the interferometer, is flattened perpendicular to the
jet axis with a FWHM diameter of 12000 AU and an axis ratio of 2:1, as seen in
NH3 (1,1) emission. There is a velocity gradient of about 4-5 km sec^-1 pc^-1
across the flattened disk-like core, suggestive of rotation around an axis
aligned with the jet. Flux-weighted mean velocities increase smoothly with
radius with a roughly constant velocity gradient. In young (Class 0) systems
such as HH212, a significant amount of material is still distributed in a large
surrounding envelope, and thus the observable kinematics of the system may
reflect the less centrally condensed, youthful state of the source and
obscuration of central dynamics. The angular momentum of this envelope material
may be released from infalling gas through rotation in the HH212 jet, as recent
observations suggest (Davis et al. 2000). A blue-shifted wisp or bowl of
emitting gas appears to be swept up along the blue side of the outflow,
possibly lining the cavity of a wider angle wind around the more collimated
shock jet axis. Our ammonia (2,2)/(1,1) ratio map indicates that this very cold
core is heated to 14 Kelvin degrees in a centrally condensed area surrounding
the jet source. This edge-on core and jet system appears to be young and deeply
embedded. This environment, however, is apparently not disrupting the pristine
symmetry and collimation of the jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148274 </DOCNO>
Solitons in 2+1 Dimensional Non-Commutative Maxwell Chern-Simons Higgs


  We find soliton solutions in the 2+1 dimensional non-commutative Maxwell
Chern-Simons Higgs theories. In the limit of the Chern-Simons coefficient going
to zero, these solutions go over to the previously found solutions in the
non-commutative Maxwell Higgs theories. The new solutions may have relevance in
the theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect and possibly in string vacua
corresponding to open strings terminating on D2 branes in the presence of D0
branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7111 </DOCNO>
Comment on cond-mat/0007299 by Schofield and Sandeman : inconsistency


  The inconsistency of cond-mat/0007299 and Phys. Rev. B 63 094510 (2001) with
ARPES and resistivity data is pointed-out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81110 </DOCNO>
Geometric Origin of Staggered Fermion: Direct Product $K$-Cycle


  Staggered formalism of lattice fermion can be cast into a form of direct
product $K$-cycle in noncommutative geometry. The correspondence between this
staggered $K$-cycle and a canonically defined $K$-cycle for finitely generated
abelian group where lattice appears as a special case is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41213 </DOCNO>
A Brief Review of Future Lepton-Hadron and Photon-Hadron Colliders


  Options for future $lepton-proton,lepton-nucleus,\gamma -proton,\gamma
-nucleus$ and FEL$\gamma -nucleus$ colliders are discussed. In the spirit of
this content, we consider TESLAxHERA, LEPxLHC, $\mu$xTEVATRON, exRHIC,
LinacxLHC, $\sqrt{s}=3TeV$ $\mu p$ and CLIC based colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2794 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Hall effect and weak localization corrections in a ferromagnet


  In this paper, we report results on the anomalous Hall effect. First, we
summarize analytical calculations based on the Kubo formalism : explicit
expressions for both skew-scattering and side-jump are derived and
weak-localization corrections are discussed. Next, we present numerical
calculations of the anomalous Hall resistivity based on the Dirac equation.
Qualitative agreement with experiments is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6230 </DOCNO>
Evolution of photonic structure on deformation of cholesteric elastomers


  We subject a monodomain cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer to uniaxial
strain perpendicular to its helical axis and study the response of its texture
to deformation. A combination of mechanical, optical and X-ray scattering
measurements confirms the prediction for the director rotation, coarsening and
then unwinding the cholesteric helix. The study of optical absorption of
circularly polarised light quantifies the complex dependence of the photonic
bandgap structure on strain and directly relates to the microscopic deformation
of elastomer. Agreement is found with the recently proposed theoretical
prediction of the photonic structure of cholesteric elastomers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126615 </DOCNO>
The Angular Correlation Function of Galaxies from Early SDSS Data


  The Sloan Digital Sky Survey is one of the first multicolor photometric and
spectroscopic surveys designed to measure the statistical properties of
galaxies within the local Universe. In this Letter we present some of the
initial results on the angular 2-point correlation function measured from the
early SDSS galaxy data. The form of the correlation function, over the
magnitude interval 18<r*<22, is shown to be consistent with results from
existing wide-field, photographic-based surveys and narrower CCD galaxy
surveys. On scales between 1 arcminute and 1 degree the correlation function is
well described by a power-law with an exponent of ~ -0.7. The amplitude of the
correlation function, within this angular interval, decreases with fainter
magnitudes in good agreement with analyses from existing galaxy surveys. There
is a characteristic break in the correlation function on scales of
approximately 1-2 degrees. On small scales, < 1', the SDSS correlation function
does not appear to be consistent with the power-law form fitted to the 1'<
theta <0.5 deg data. With a data set that is less than 2% of the full SDSS
survey area, we have obtained high precision measurements of the power-law
angular correlation function on angular scales 1' < theta < 1 deg, which are
robust to systematic uncertainties. Because of the limited area and the highly
correlated nature of the error covariance matrix, these initial results do not
yet provide a definitive characterization of departures from the power-law form
at smaller and larger angles. In the near future, however, the area of the SDSS
imaging survey will be sufficient to allow detailed analysis of the small and
large scale regimes, measurements of higher-order correlations, and studies of
angular clustering as a function of redshift and galaxy type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74315 </DOCNO>
Novel Effects in B System: From SUSY to Intrinsic Charm


  We have entered the era of BaBar, Belle and Tevatron competition; with new
hardware and unprecedented statistics reach, we must be prepared for
discovering new phenomena. While these unfoldings could be coming from new
physics, it could also come about as new tricks from old. We illustrate new
physics with generic $bsg$ dipole and its impact on $\sin2\Phi_{\phi K_S}$, and
at a deeper level, the marriage of flavor symmetries and SUSY, which could
impact on $B_d$, $B_s$ and $D^0$ mixings and CP violation, and possibility of a
light $\widetilde{sb}$ squark. As simple unfolding, we touch upon charmless $B
\to$ baryonic pair decay, with or without an associated $\eta^\prime/\gamma$.
We close with the possible spectacular signal of $B\to J/\psi D\pi$ as a
flabbergasting new trick from nonperturbative QCD: intrinsic charm of $B$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98303 </DOCNO>
Low energy inverse problems in three-body scattering


  We consider low energy inverse problems in three-body scattering and show
that if all unknown interactions are small in an appropriate sense then the
2-cluster to 2-cluster S-matrices given at low energies determine the Fourier
transform of the effective interaction in a ball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126521 </DOCNO>
Engineering the Zero-Point Field and Polarizable Vacuum For Interstellar


  A theme that has come to the fore in advanced planning for long-range space
exploration is the concept of "propellantless propulsion" or "field
propulsion." One version of this concept involves the projected possibility
that empty space itself (the quantum vacuum, or space-time metric) might be
manipulated so as to provide energy/thrust for future space vehicles. Although
such a proposal has a certain science-fiction quality about it, modern theory
describes the vacuum as a polarizable medium that sustains energetic quantum
fluctuations. Thus the possibility that matter/vacuum interactions might be
engineered for space-flight applications is not a priori ruled out, although
certain constraints need to be acknowledged. The structure and implications of
such a far-reaching hypothesis are considered herein.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114014 </DOCNO>
Laser phase modulation approaches towards ensemble quantum computing


  Selective control of decoherence is demonstrated for a multilevel system by
generalizing the instantaneous phase of any chirped pulse as individual terms
of a Taylor series expansion. In the case of a simple two-level system, all odd
terms in the series lead to population inversion while the even terms lead to
self-induced transparency. These results also hold for multiphoton transitions
that do not have any lower-order photon resonance or any intermediate virtual
state dynamics within the laser pulse-width. Such results form the basis of a
robustly implementable CNOT gate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72764 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Supersymmetric Models with a Radiatively Driven Inverted Mass


  A promising way to reconcile naturalness with a decoupling solution to the
SUSY flavor and CP problems is suggested by models with a radiatively driven
inverted mass hierarchy (RIMH). The RIMH models arise naturally within the
context of SUSY SO(10) grand unified theories. In their original form, RIMH
models suffer from two problems: 1.) obtaining the radiative breakdown of
electroweak symmetry, and 2.) generating the correct masses for third
generation fermions. The first problem can be solved by the introduction of
SO(10) D-term contributions to scalar masses. We show that correct fermion
masses can indeed be obtained, but at the cost of limiting the magnitude of the
hierarchy that can be generated. We go on to compute predictions for the
neutralino relic density as well as for the rate for the decay $b\to s\gamma$,
and show that these yield significant constraints on model parameter space. We
show that only a tiny corner of model parameter space is accessible to Fermilab
Tevatron searches, assuming an integrated luminosity of 25~$fb^{-1}$. We also
quantify the reach of the CERN LHC collider for this class of models, and find
values of $m_{\tg}\sim 1600$ GeV to be accessible assuming just 10 fb$^{-1}$ of
integrated luminosity. In an Appendix, we list the two loop renormalization
group equations for the MSSM plus right handed neutrino model that we have used
in our analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6029 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Studies of the Ordering of the Three-Dimensional Isotropic


  Spin and chirality orderings of the three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass
under magnetic fields are studied by large-scale equilibrium Monte Carlo
simulations. It is found that the chiral-glass transition and the chiral-glass
ordered state, which are essentially of the same character as their zero-field
counterparts, occur under magnetic fields. The chiral-glass ordered state
exhibits a one-step-like peculiar replica-symmetry breaking in the chiral
sector, while it does not accompany the spin-glass order perpendicular to the
applied field. Critical perperties of the chiral-glass transition are different
from those of the standard Ising spin glass. Magnetic phase diagram of the
model is constructed, which reveals that the chiral-glass state is quite robust
against magnetic fields. The chiral-glass transition line has a character of
the Gabay-Toulouse line of the mean-field model, yet its physical origin being
entirely different. These numerical results are discussed in light of the
recently developed spin-chirality decoupling-recoupling scenario. Implication
to experimental phase diagram is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128802 </DOCNO>
Deuterium toward the WD0621-376 sight line: Results from the Far


  Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer observations are presented for
WD0621-376, a DA white dwarf star in the local interstellar medium (LISM) at a
distance of about 78 pc. The data have a signal-to-noise ratio of about 20-40
per 20 km/s resolution element and cover the wavelength range 905-1187 \AA.
LISM absorption is detected in the lines of D I, C II, C II*, C III, N I, N II,
N III, O I, Ar I, and Fe II. This sight line is partially ionized, with an
ionized nitrogen fraction of > 0.23. We determine the ratio $D/O = (3.9 \pm 
^{1.3}_{1.0})\times 10^{-2}$ (2$\sigma$). Assuming a standard interstellar
oxygen abundance, we derive ${\rm D/H} \approx 1. 3 \times 10^{-5}$. Using the
value of N(H I) derived from EUVE data gives a similar D/H ratio. The D I/N I
ratio is $(3.3 \pm ^{1.0}_{0.8})\times 10^{-1}$ (2$\sigma$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125698 </DOCNO>
A Map of the Northern Sky: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey in Its First


  The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is the largest and most ambitious optical
CCD survey undertaken to date. It will ultimately map out one quarter of the
sky with precision photometry in five bands, high-quality astrometry, and
spectra of all galaxies and quasars brighter than certain limiting magnitudes.
The scientific potential of the SDSS is enormous and addresses a wide variety
of astrophysical key questions. After a proprietary period the reduced and
calibrated data are made available to the astronomical community as a whole.
  The SDSS is run by an international consortium involving universities and
research institutions. One of the participating partners is the Max Planck
Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg. Already in its first year the SDSS has
led to a number of spectacular scientific discoveries. In this paper, we will
introduce the SDSS survey, discuss its scientific potential, highlight
important science results, and present the Calar Alto key program for SDSS
follow-up studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127429 </DOCNO>
First Results from the COLA Project- the Radio-FIR Correlation and


  We present the first results from the COLA (Compact Objects in Low-power AGN)
project which aims to determine the relationship between one facet of AGN
activity, the compact radio core, with star formation in the circumnuclear
region of the host galaxy. This will be accomplished by the comparison of the
multi-wavelength properties of a sample of AGN with compact radio cores to
those of a sample of AGN without compact cores and a matched sample of galaxies
without AGN.
  In this paper we discuss the selection criteria for our galaxy samples and
present the initial radio observations of the 107 Southern galaxies in our
sample. Low-resolution ATCA observations at 4.8, 2.5 and 1.4 GHz and high
resolution, single baseline snapshots at 2.3 GHz with the Australian LBA are
presented. We find that for the majority of the galaxies in our sample, the
radio luminosity is correlated with the FIR luminosity.
  Compact radio cores are detected in 9 galaxies. The majority (8/9) of these
galaxies exhibit a significant radio excess and 50% (7/14) of the galaxies
which lie above the radio-FIR correlation by more than 1 sigma have compact
radio cores. The emission from the cores is too weak to account for this radio
excess and there is no evidence that the radio luminosity of the compact cores
is correlated with the FIR galaxy luminosity.
  The galaxies with compact cores tend to be classified optically as AGN, with
two thirds (6/9) exhibiting Seyfert-like optical emission line ratios, and the
remaining galaxies classified either as composite objects (2/9) or starburst
(1/9). (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83771 </DOCNO>
The Partial Evaluation Approach to Information Personalization


  Information personalization refers to the automatic adjustment of information
content, structure, and presentation tailored to an individual user. By
reducing information overload and customizing information access,
personalization systems have emerged as an important segment of the Internet
economy. This paper presents a systematic modeling methodology - PIPE
(`Personalization is Partial Evaluation') - for personalization.
Personalization systems are designed and implemented in PIPE by modeling an
information-seeking interaction in a programmatic representation. The
representation supports the description of information-seeking activities as
partial information and their subsequent realization by partial evaluation, a
technique for specializing programs. We describe the modeling methodology at a
conceptual level and outline representational choices. We present two
application case studies that use PIPE for personalizing web sites and describe
how PIPE suggests a novel evaluation criterion for information system designs.
Finally, we mention several fundamental implications of adopting the PIPE model
for personalization and when it is (and is not) applicable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127041 </DOCNO>
Scattered light models of the dust shell around HD 179821


  The dust shell around the evolved star HD 179821 has been detected in
scattered light in near-IR imaging polarimetry observations. Here, we subtract
the contribution of the unpolarized stellar light to obtain an intrinsic linear
polarization of between 30 and 40 per cent in the shell which seems to increase
with radial offset from the star. The J and K band data are modelled using a
scattering code to determine the shell parameters and dust properties. We find
that the observations are well described by a spherically symmetric
distribution of dust with an inverse square density law, indicating that when
mass-loss was occurring, the mass-loss rate was constant. The models predict
that the detached nature of a spherically symmetric, optically thin dust shell,
with a distinct inner boundary, will only be apparent in polarized flux. This
is in accordance with the observations of this and other optically thin
circumstellar shells, such as IRAS 17436+5003. By fitting the shell brightness
we derive an optical depth to the star which is consistent with V band
observations and which, assuming a distance of 6 kpc, gives an inner shell
radius of 1.44 X 10^{15} m, a dust number density of 2.70 X 10^{-1} m^{-3}. and
a dust mass of 0.08 Msun. We have explored axisymmetric shell models but
conclude that any deviations from spherical symmetry in the shell must be
slight, with an equator-to-pole density contrast of less than 2:1. We have not
been able to simultaneously fit the high linear polarizations and the small
(E(J-K)=-0.3) colour excess of the shell and we attribute this to the unusual
scattering properties of the dust. We suggest that the dust grains around HD
179821 are either highly elongated or consist of aggregates of smaller
particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85784 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Black Holes


  In this letter we propose the existence of low density black holes and
discuss its compatibility with the cosmological observations. The origin of
these black holes can be traced back to the collapse of long wavelength
cosmological perturbations during the matter dominated era, when the densities
are low enough to neglect any internal and thermal pressure. By introducing a
threshold density $\hat{\rho}$ above which pressure and non-gravitational
interactions become effective, we find the highest wavelength for the
perturbations that can reach an equilibrium state instead of collapsing to a
black hole. The low density black holes introduced here, if they exist, can be
observed through weak and strong gravitational lensing effects. Finally we
observe that we obtained here a cosmological model which is capable to explain
in a qualitative way the void formation together with the value $\Omega=1$. But
we remark that it needs to be improved by considering non spherical symmetric
black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114478 </DOCNO>
Physics of the Observable. Mechanics


  Mechanics can be founded in a principle stating the uncertainty in the
position of an observable particle delta-q as a function of its motion relative
to the observer, expressed in a trajectory representation . From this
principle, p.delta-q=const., being p the q-conjugated momentum, mechanical laws
are derived and the meaning of the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions are
discussed. The connection between the presented principle and Hamilton's Least
Action Principle is examined.
  For a particle hidden from direct observation, the position uncertainty is
determined by the enclosing boundaries, and is, thus, disengaged from its
momentum. Heat, as a non-mechanical magnitude, stem from this fact, and
thermodynamical magnitudes have direct expression in the presented formalism.
  It is finally shown that in terms of Information Theory, mechanical laws have
simple interpretation. Kinetic and potential energies are expressions of the
information on momentum and position respectively, and the law of conservation
of energy expresses the absence of information exchange in mechanical
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 309 </DOCNO>
Coherent multiple Andreev reflections and current resonances in SNS


  We study coherent multiple Andreev reflections in quantum SNS junctions of
finite length and arbitrary transparency. The presence of superconducting bound
states in these junctions gives rise to great enhancement of the subgap
current. The effect is most pronounced in low-transparency junctions, $D\ll1$,
and in the interval of applied voltage $\Delta/2<eV<\Delta$, where the
amplitude of the current structures is proportional to the first power of the
junction transparency $D$. The resonant current structures consist of steps and
oscillations of the two-particle current and also of multiparticle resonance
peaks. The positions of the two-particle current structures have pronounced
temperature dependence which scales with $\Delta(T)$, while the positions of
the multiparticle resonances have weak temperature dependence, being mostly
determined by the junction geometry. Despite the large resonant two-particle
current, the excess current at large voltage is small and proportional to
$D^2$. Pacs: 74.50.+r, 74.80.Fp, 74.20.Fg, 73.23.Ad

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5476 </DOCNO>
Three-Loop Ground-State Energy of O(N)-Symmetric Ginzburg-Landau Theory


  As a step towards deriving universal amplitude ratios of the superconductive
phase transition we calculate the vacuum energy density in the symmetric phase
of O(N)-symmetric scalar QED in D=4-epsilon dimensions in an epsilon-expansion
using the minimal subtraction scheme commonly denoted by MS-bar. From the
diverging parts of the diagrams, we obtain the renormalization constant of the
vacuum Z_v which also contains information on the critical exponent alpha of
the specific heat. As a side result, we use an earlier two-loop calculation of
the effective potential (H.K. and B.VdB., Phys.Rev. E63 (2001) 056113,
cond-mat/0104102) to determine the renormalization constant of the scalar field
Z_phi up to two loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150227 </DOCNO>
Hopf algebra of ribbon graphs and renormalization


  Connes and Kreimer have discovered the Hopf algebra structure behind the
renormalization of Feynman integrals. We generalize the Hopf algebra to the
case of ribbon graphs, i.e. to the case of theories with matrix fields. The
Hopf algebra is naturally defined in terms of surfaces corresponding to ribbon
graphs. As an example, we discuss the renormalization of $\Phi^4$ theory and
the 1/N expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1378 </DOCNO>
Electrostatically induced undulations of lamellar DNA-lipid complexes


  We consider DNA-cationic lipid complexes that form lamellar stacks of lipid
bilayers with parallel DNA strands intercalated in between. We calculate the
electrostatically induced elastic deformations of the lipid bilayers. It is
found that the membranes undulate with a periodicity that is set by the DNA
interaxial distance. As a consequence the lamellar repeat distance changes
resulting in a swelling or compression of the lamellar stack. Such undulations
may be responsible for the intermembrane coupling between DNA strands in
different layers as it is observed experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41808 </DOCNO>
Search for Odderon induced contributions to exclusive Meson


  Odderon induced contributions to exclusive photoproduction of $\pi^{\circ}$,
$f_2(1270)$ and $a_2(1320)$ have been searched for at HERA, using the
multiphoton decays of these mesons. No indication for such contributions was
found, in a kinematic region defined by the average photon-proton
centre-of-mass energy $<W> = 200 - 215$ GeV, photon virtualities $Q^2 < 0.01
$GeV$^2$ and $0.02 $GeV$^2 < |t| < 0.3 $GeV$^2$, where t is the squared
momentum transfer at the proton vertex. The measured upper limits for the cross
sections,
  $\sigma(\gamma p\to^{\hspace*{-2ex}\mathbb{O}}\pi^{\circ}N^{\ast}) < 39$ nb,
  $\sigma(\gamma p\to^{\hspace*{-2ex}\mathbb{O}} f_2(1270)X) < 16$ nb and
  $\sigma(\gamma p\to^{\hspace*{-2ex}\mathbb{O}} a_2(1320)X) < 96$ nb,
  all at 95% CL, are lower than the predictions by a theoretical
model. Exclusive photoproduction of $\omega$ and $\omega\pi^{\circ}$,
in the $3\gamma$ and $5\gamma$ decay modes, is observed with the
expected cross sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127269 </DOCNO>
A test of general relativity from the three-dimensional orbital geometry


  Binary pulsars provide an excellent system for testing general relativity
because of their intrinsic rotational stability and the precision with which
radio observations can be used to determine their orbital dynamics.
Measurements of the rate of orbital decay of two pulsars have been shown to be
consistent with the emission of gravitational waves as predicted by general
relativity, providing the most convincing evidence for the self-consistency of
the theory to date. However, independent verification of the orbital geometry
in these systems was not possible. Such verification may be obtained by
determining the orientation of a binary pulsar system using only classical
geometric constraints, permitting an independent prediction of general
relativistic effects. Here we report high-precision timing of the nearby binary
millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715, which establish the three-dimensional
structure of its orbit. We see the expected retardation of the pulse signal
arising from the curvature of space-time in the vicinity of the companion
object (the `Shapiro delay'), and we determine the mass of the pulsar and its
white dwarf companion. Such mass determinations contribute to our understanding
of the origin and evolution of neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76288 </DOCNO>
Quark Fragmentation Functions in a Diquark Model for $\Lambda$


  Using a simple quark-diquark model, we extract a set of unpolarized and
polarized fragmentation functions for the $\Lambda$ based on the available
unpolarized $\Lambda$ production data in $e^+ e ^- $ annihilation. It is found
that there is a strong SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking in the unpolarized
$\Lambda$ fragmentation functions and that the polarized $u$ and $d$ quark
contributions to the polarized $\Lambda$ fragmentation are positive in medium
and large $z$ region. The predictions of $\Lambda$-polarization with the
obtained quark fragmentation functions are compatible with the available data
on the longitudinally polarized $\Lambda$ produced in $e^+e^-$-annihilation,
polarized charged lepton deep inelastic scattering (DIS), and neutrino DIS. The
spin asymmetry for the $\Lambda$ production in $p\vec{p}$ collisions is also
predicted for a future test in experiments at RHIC-BNL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169550 </DOCNO>
Interaction cost of non-local gates


  We introduce the interaction cost of a non-local gate as the minimal time of
interaction required to perform the gate when assisting the process with fast
local unitaries. This cost, of interest both in the areas of quantum control
and quantum information, depends on the specific interaction, and allows to
compare in an operationally meaningful manner any two non-local gates. In the
case of a two-qubit system, an analytical expression for the interaction cost
of any unitary operation given any coupling Hamiltonian is obtained. One gate
may be more time-consuming than another for any possible interaction. This
defines a partial order structure in the set of non-local gates, that compares
their degree of non-locality. We analytically characterize this partial order
in a region of the set of two-qubit gates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97476 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Spectral Measures, Quantum Mechanics, and E-theory


  We study the relationship between POV-measures in quantum theory and
asymptotic morphisms in the operator algebra E-theory of Connes-Higson. This is
done by introducing the theory of "asymptotic" PV-measures and their integral
correspondence with positive asymptotic morphisms on locally compact spaces.
Examples and applications involving various aspects of quantum physics,
including quantum noise models, semiclassical limits, strong deformation
quantizations, and pure half-spin particles, are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6463 </DOCNO>
A globally accurate theory for a class of binary mixture models


  Using the self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike approximation (SCOZA) results for
the 3D Ising model, we obtain phase diagrams for binary mixtures described by
decorated models. We obtain the plait point, binodals, and closed-loop
coexistence curves for the models proposed by Widom, Clark, Neece, and Wheeler.
The results are in good agreement with series expansions and experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2544 </DOCNO>
Ab Initio Investigation of Collective Charge Excitations in MgB_2


  A sharp collective charge excitation is predicted in MgB$_2$ at $\sim2.5eV$
for $q$ perpendicular to the boron layers, based on an all-electron analysis of
the dynamical density response within time-dependent density functional theory.
This novel excitation, consisting of coherent charge fluctuation between Mg and
B sheets, induces an abrupt plasma edge in the experimentally-observable
reflectivity. The existence of this mode reflects the unique electronic
structure of MgB$_2$, that is also responsible for strong electron-phonon
coupling. By contrast, the acoustic plasmon, recently suggested to explain the
high $T_c$, is not realized when realistic transition strengths are
incorporated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113645 </DOCNO>
Information-theoretic approach to the study of control systems


  We propose an information-theoretic framework for studying control systems,
based on a model of controllers analogous to communication channels. Given the
initial state of a system to be controlled, the dynamics of a controller is
described as applying a transmission channel, called the actuation channel, to
that state in order to redirect it towards another target state. In this
process, two different control strategies can be adopted: (i) the controller
applies an actuation dynamics independently of the state of the system to be
controlled (open-loop control); or (ii) the controller enacts an actuation
dynamics based on some information about the state of the controlled system
(closed-loop control). In the context of this model, we provide necessary and
sufficient entropic conditions for a system to be perfectly controllable and
perfectly observable. Also, using the fact that the information gathered by a
controller is quantified by mutual information, we prove a limiting result
expressing the trade-off between the availability of information in a
closed-loop control process and its performance over open-loop control in
stabilizing a system. This work completes a first paper on the subject by
providing new proofs of the results, and by proposing an information-based
optimality criterion for control systems. New applications of this approach
pertaining to proportional controllers, and the control of chaotic maps are
also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2428 </DOCNO>
Interaction Induced Restoration of Phase Coherence


  We study the conductance of a quantum T-junction coupled to two electron
reservoirs and a quantum dot. In the absence of electron-electron interactions,
the conductance $g$ is sensitive to interference between trajectories which
enter the dot and those which bypass it. We show that including an intra-dot
charging interaction has a marked influence-- it can enforce a coherent
response from the dot at temperatures much larger than the single particle
level spacing $\Delta$. The result is large oscillations of $g$ as a function
of the voltage applied to a gate capacitively coupled to the dot. Without
interactions, the conductance has only a weak interference signature when
$T>\Delta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128394 </DOCNO>
Contact Binaries in OGLE-I Database


  We present a new catalog of 1575 contact binary stars fainter than I=18 mag
identified in OGLE-I database in the selected directions toward the Galactic
bulge and the Galactic bar. For completeness we recall here also the objects
from the formerly published OGLE catalog of contact binaries brighter than I=18
mag.
  To ease the comparison and/or distinction between contact binaries with
sinusoidal light curves and pulsating stars we also give a catalog of 506
objects with nearly sinusoidal light curves which were classified or
re-classified as pulsating variable stars.
  Present catalog contains the most numerous, observationally homogeneous
sample of contact binaries. Given are the statistical properties of the sample
relating to the distributions of brightness, periods and amplitudes of the
contact binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85863 </DOCNO>
Many worlds in one


  A generic prediction of inflation is that the thermalized region we inhabit
is spatially infinite. Thus, it contains an infinite number of regions of the
same size as our observable universe, which we shall denote as $\O$-regions. We
argue that the number of possible histories which may take place inside of an
$\O$-region, from the time of recombination up to the present time, is finite.
Hence, there are an infinite number of $\O$-regions with identical histories up
to the present, but which need not be identical in the future. Moreover, all
histories which are not forbidden by conservation laws will occur in a finite
fraction of all $\O$-regions. The ensemble of $\O$-regions is reminiscent of
the ensemble of universes in the many-world picture of quantum mechanics. An
important difference, however, is that other $\O$-regions are unquestionably
real.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124762 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric Lensing and Oblateness Effects During an Extrasolar


  Future high precision photometric measurements of transiting extrasolar
planets promise to tell us much about the nature of these systems. We examine
how atmospheric lensing and (projected) planet oblateness/ellipticity modify
transit light curves. The large density gradients expected in planet
atmospheres can offset the unfavorably large observer-lens to source-lens
distance ratio, and allow the existence of caustics. Under such conditions,
starlight from all points in the planet's shadow is refracted into view
producing a characteristic slowing down of the dimming at ingress (vice versa
for egress). A search over several parameters, the planet radius etc., cannot
produce a nonlensed transit light curve that can mimic a lensed light curve.
The fractional change in the diminution of starlight is approximately the ratio
of atmospheric scale height to planet radius, expected to be 1 % or less.
Planet oblateness induces an asymmetry to the transit light curve about the
point of minimum flux, depending on the planet orientation. The fractional
asymmetry is around 0.5 % for a projected ellipticity of 10 %, independent of
lensing. For favorable ratios of planet to star radius, the above effects are
potentially observable with future space-based missions. This will allow us to
constrain the planet shape, and its atmospheric scale height, density and
refractive coefficient, providing information on its rotation, temperature and
composition. For HD 209458b, the only currently known transiting extrasolar
planet, caustics are absent because of the very small lens-source separation.
Finally, we provide estimates of other variations to transit light curves that
could be of comparable importance, including rings, satellites, stellar
oscillations, star spots, and weather.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99209 </DOCNO>
A note on Fourier-Mukai transform


  In this note, we consider the problem on the preservation of stability under
the Fourier-Mukai transforms. We first show that the Fourier-Mukai transform on
an abelian surface does not always preserve the stability, even for a
$\mu$-stable vector bundle. We next provide some positive results on this
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96124 </DOCNO>
Global time asymmetry as a consequence of a wave packets theorem


  When $t\to \infty $ any wave packet in the liouvillian representation of the
density matrices, becomes a Hardy class function from below. This fact, in the
global frame of Reichenbach diagram, is used to explain the observed global
time asymmetry of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86281 </DOCNO>
More on Tanaka-Tagoshi Parametrization of post-1PN Spin-Free


  The conclusions obtained in gr-qc/0101067 are shown to be valid also if the
full 2.5PN expansion of the chirp phase is used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73133 </DOCNO>
Quark number susceptibilities, strangeness and dynamical confinement


  We report first results on the strange quark number susceptibility, chi_s,
over a large range of temperatures, mainly in the plasma phase of QCD. Chi_s
jumps across the phase transition temperature, T_c, and grows rapidly with
temperature above but close to T_c. For all quark masses and susceptibilities
in the entire temperature range studied, we found significant departures from
ideal-gas values. We also observed a strong correlation between these
quantities and the susceptibility in the scalar/pseudo-scalar channel,
supporting ideas of ``dynamical confinement'' in the high temperature phase of
the QCD plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169202 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulation of Decoherence-control Processes in Quantum


  Using a numerical simulation of the evolution of a qubit interacting with the
environment we show that quantum error detection and correction can work
effectively even when the recovery procedure introduces errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128775 </DOCNO>
HST observations of the cometary blue compact dwarf galaxy UGC 4483: a


  We present V and I photometry of the resolved stars in the cometary blue
compact dwarf galaxy UGC 4483 using Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary
Camera 2 (WFPC2) images. The resulting I vs. (V-I) color-magnitude diagram
(CMD) reaches limiting magnitudes V = 27.5 mag and I = 26.5 mag for photometric
errors less than 0.2 mag. It reveals not only a young stellar population of
blue main-sequence stars and blue and red supergiants, but also an older
evolved population of red giant and asymptotic giant branch stars. The measured
magnitude I = 23.65 +/- 0.10 mag of the red giant branch tip results in a
distance modulus (m-M) = 27.63 +/- 0.12, corresponding to a distance of 3.4 +/-
0.2 Mpc. The youngest stars are associated with the bright H II region at the
northern tip of the galaxy. The population of older stars is found throughout
the low-surface-brightness body of the galaxy and is considerably more spread
out than the young stellar population, suggesting stellar diffusion. The most
striking characteristics of the CMD of UGC 4483 are the very blue colors of the
red giant stars and the high luminosity of the asymptotic giant branch stars.
Both of these characteristics are consistent with either: 1) a very low
metallicity ([Fe/H] = -2.4 like the most metal-deficient globular clusters) and
an old age of 10 Gyr, or 2) a higher metallicity ([Fe/H] = -1.4 as derived from
the ionized gas emission lines) and a relatively young age of the oldest
stellar population in UGC 4483, not exceeding ~ 2 Gyr. Thus our data do not
exclude the possibility that UGC 4483 is a relatively young galaxy having
formed its first stars only ~ 2 Gyr ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97111 </DOCNO>
Vanishing line for the descent spectral sequence


  For a surjective and proper map f: X -> Y there is a spectral sequence,
called descent spectral sequence, abutting to the cohomology of Y with
coefficients in a sheaf F. We prove that if the fibers of the map f satisfy
some connectivity condition then the spectral sequence has a vanishing line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96280 </DOCNO>
Cyclic Theory and the Bivariant Chern-Connes Character


  We give a survey of cyclic homology/cohomology theory including a detailed
discussion of cyclic theories for various classes of topological algebras. We
show how to associate cyclic classes with Fredholm modules and $K$-theory
classes and how to construct a completely general bivariant Chern-Connes
character from bivariant $K$-theory to bivariant cyclic theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127921 </DOCNO>
Cosmology with Galaxy Clusters in the XMM Large-Scale Structure Survey


  The upcoming XMM Large Scale Structure Survey (XMM-LSS) will provide a unique
mapping of the distribution of X-ray sources in a contiguous 64 square degree
region. In particular, it will provide the 3-dimensional location of about 800
galaxy clusters out to a redshift of about 1. We study the prospects that this
cluster catalogue offers for measuring cosmological parameters. We use the
Press-Schechter formalism to predict the counts of clusters and their X-ray
properties in several CDM models. We compute the detection efficiency of
clusters, using realistic simulations of XMM X-ray images, and study how it
differs from a conventional flux limit. We compute the expected correlation
function of clusters using the extended halo model, and show that it is
expected to evolve very little out to z~2, once the selection function of the
survey is taken into account. The shape and the amplitude of the correlation
function can be used to brake degeneracies present when cluster counts alone
are considered. The combination of cluster counts evolution and of the
correlation function yields measurements of Omega_m, sigma_8 and Gamma with a
precision of about 15%, 10% and 35%, respectively, in a LCDM model. This
combination will also provide a consistency check for the LCDM model, and a
discrimination between this model and the OCDM model. The XMM-LSS will
therefore provide important constraints on cosmological parameters,
complementing that from other methods such as the Cosmic Microwave Background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169212 </DOCNO>
Quantum Information Processing with Microfabricated Optical Elements


  We discuss a new direction in the field of quantum information processing
with neutral atoms. It is based on the use of microfabricated optical elements.
With these elements versatile and integrated atom optical devices can be
created in a compact fashion. This approach opens the possibility to scale,
parallelize, and miniaturize atom optics for new investigations in fundamental
research and applications towards quantum computing with neutral atoms. The
exploitation of the unique features of the quantum mechanical behavior of
matter waves and the capabilities of powerful state-of-the-art micro- and
nanofabrication techniques lend this approach a special attraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97794 </DOCNO>
Enriques diagrams and adjacency of planar curve singularities


  We study adjacency of equisingularity types of planar curve singularities in
terms of their Enriques diagrams. For linear adjacency a complete answer is
obtained, whereas for arbitrary (analytic) adjacency a necessary condition and
a sufficient condition are proved. We also show an example of singular curve of
type D' that can be deformed to a curve of type D without D' being adjacent to
D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126704 </DOCNO>
Exploring Brown Dwarf Disks


  We discuss the spectral energy distribution of three very low mass objects in
Chamaeleon I for which ground-based spectroscopy and photometry as well as ISO
measurements in the mid-infrared are available (Comeron et al. 2000; Persi et
al. 2000). One of these stars (Cha Halpha1) is a bona-fide brown dwarf, with
mass 0.04-0.05 Msun. We show that the observed emission is very well described
by models of circumstellar disks identical to those associated to T Tauri
stars, scaled down to keep the ratio of the disk-to-star mass constant and to
the appropriate stellar parameters. This result provides a first indication
that the formation mechanism of T Tauri stars (via core contraction and
formation of an accretion disk) extends to objects in the brown dwarf mass
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96156 </DOCNO>
Free boson representation of $DY_{\hbar}(\hat{sl} (M+1|N+1)) $ at level


  We construct a realization of the central extension of super-Yangian double $DY_{\hbar}(\hat{sl}(M+1|N+1))$ at level-one in terms of free boson fields with
a continuous parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75763 </DOCNO>
Constraining dark energy with Sunyaev-Zel'dovich cluster surveys


  We discuss the prospects of constraining the properties of a dark energy
component, with particular reference to a time varying equation of state, using
a survey of clusters selected using their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich decrement. We
compute the number of clusters expected for a given set of cosmological
parameters and propagate the errors expected from a variety of proposed
surveys. In the short term they will constrain dark energy in conjunction with
future observations of type Ia supernovae, but may in time do so in their own
right.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83783 </DOCNO>
Spiders and Crawlers and Bots, Oh My: The Economic Efficiency and Public


  Recent trends reveal the search by companies for a legal hook to prevent the
undesired and unauthorized copying of information posted on websites. In the
center of this controversy are metasites, websites that display prices for a
variety of vendors. Metasites function by implementing shopbots, which extract
pricing data from other vendors' websites. Technological mechanisms have proved
unsuccessful in blocking shopbots, and in response, websites have asserted a
variety of legal claims. Two recent cases, which rely on the troublesome
trespass to chattels doctrine, suggest that contract law may provide a less
demanding legal method of preventing the search of websites by data robots. If
blocking collection of pricing data is as simple as posting an online contract,
the question arises whether this end result is desirable and legally viable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86818 </DOCNO>
Comments on the Stress-Energy Tensor Operator in Curved Spacetime


  The technique based on the *-algebra of local Wick products of (formal) field
operators in curved spacetime proposed by Hollands and Wald, is implemented and
developed in order to define the stress-energy tensor operator in terms of
local Wick products of (derived) field operators only. It shows that, within
the proposed formalism, there may be room to accomplish all of physical
requirements provided the known problems concerning the conservation property
are assumed to be related to the interface between quantum and classical
formalisms. Indeed, a stress-energy tensor operator is proposed which, written
using local Wick products of fields only, is conserved and it reduces to the
classical form when operators are replaced by classical fields satisfying the
equation of the motion. The definition is based on the existence of convenient
local Wick products of derived fields. These terms are independent from the
arbitrary length scale and the quantum state and they classically vanish.
Considering averaged stress-energy tensors with respect to Hadamard quantum
states, the presented definition is completely equivalent to an improved
point-splitting renormalization procedure which makes use of the nonambiguous
part of the Hadamard parametrix only, that is determined by the local geometry
and the parameters which appear in the Klein-Gordon operator. In particular, no
extra added-by-hand term $g_{\mu\nu}Q(x)$ and no arbitrary smooth part of the
Hadamard parametrix (generated by some arbitrary smooth term "$w_0$") are
involved. The tensor obtained by the point-splitting procedure also coincides
with that found by employing the local $\zeta$-function approach whenever that
technique can be implemented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6912 </DOCNO>
Theory of Electric Transport in the Pseudogap State of High-Tc Cuprates


  We theoretically investigate the electric transport in the pseudogap state of
High-Tc cuprates. Starting from the repulsive Hubbard model, we perform the
microscopic calculation to describe the pseudogap phenomena which are induced
by the superconducting fluctuations. The single particle Green function, spin
susceptibility and superconducting fluctuations are self-consistently
determined by the SC-FLEX+T-matrix approximation. The longitudinal and
transverse conductivities are calculated by using the Eliashberg and
Kohno-Yamada formalism. The effects of the spin fluctuations and
superconducting fluctuations are estimated, respectively. The vertex
corrections arising from the two fluctuations are also calculated. The
additional contribution from the Aslamazov-Larkin term is also estimated beyond
the Eliashberg formalism.
 It is shown that the main effect of the superconducting fluctuations is the
feedback effect through the spin fluctuations. The correct results are obtained
by considering the superconducting fluctuations and the spin fluctuations
simultaneously. The temperature and doping dependences of the resistivity and
the Hall coefficient are well explained. We point out that the characteristic
momentum dependence of the systems plays an essential role in this explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4788 </DOCNO>
Ordered valence bond states in symmetric two-dimensional spin-orbital


  We consider a superexchange Hamiltonian, $H=-\sum_{<i,j>}(2{\bf S}_i\cdot
{\bf S}_j-\frac 12)(2{\bf T}_i\cdot {\bf T}_j-\frac 12)$, which describes
systems with orbital degeneracy and strong electron-phonon coupling in the
limit of large on-site repulsion. In an SU(4) Schwinger boson representation, a
reduced spin-orbital interaction is derived {\it exactly}, and a mean field
theory has been developed by introducing a symmetric valence bond pairing order
parameter. In one dimension, a spin-orbital liquid state with a finite gap is
obtained. On a two-dimensional square lattice a novel type of spin-orbital
ferromagnetically ordered state appears, while spin and orbital are
antiferromagnetic. Moreover, an important relation has been found, relating the
spin and orbital correlation functions to the combined spin-orbital ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5483 </DOCNO>
Effect of La doping on magnetic structure in heavy fermion CeRhIn5


  The magnetic structure of Ce0.9La0.1RhIn5 is measured using neutron
diffraction. It is identical to the incommensurate transverse spiral for
CeRhIn5, with a magnetic wave vector q_M=(1/2,1/2,0.297), a staggered moment of
0.38(2)Bohr magneton per Ce at 1.4K and a reduced Neel temperature of 2.7 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1650 </DOCNO>
Energy price risk management


  The price of electricity is far more volatile than that of other commodities
normally noted for extreme volatility. Demand and supply are balanced on a
knife-edge because electric power cannot be economically stored, end user
demand is largely weather dependent, and the reliability of the grid is
paramount. The possibility of extreme price movements increases the risk of
trading in electricity markets. However, a number of standard financial tools
cannot be readily applied to pricing and hedging electricity derivatives. In
this paper we present arguments why this is the case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85922 </DOCNO>
A New Parametrization for Tetrad Gravity


  A new version of tetrad gravity in globally hyperbolic, asymptotically flat
at spatial infinity spacetimes with Cauchy surfaces diffeomorphic to $R^3$ is
obtained by using a new parametrization of arbitrary cotetrads to define a set
of configurational variables to be used in the ADM metric action. Seven of the
fourteen first class constraints have the form of the vanishing of canonical
momenta. A comparison is made with other models of tetrad gravity and with the
ADM canonical formalism for metric gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98948 </DOCNO>
Morse theory and Euler characteristic of sections of spherical varieties


  A theorem due to D. Bernstein states that Euler characteristic of a
hypersurface defined by a polynomial f in (C\{0})^n is equal (upto a sign) to
n! times volume of the Newton polyhedron of f. This result is related to
algebaric torus actions and toric varieties. In this thesis, I prove that one
can generalize the above result to actions of reductive groups with spherical
orbits. That is, if a reductive group acts linearly on a vector space such that
generic orbits are spherical, one can compute the Euler characteristic of
generic hyperplane sections of a generic orbit in terms of combinatorial data.
  Our main tool is Morse theory. We begin with developing a variant of
classical Morse theory for algebraic submanifolds of R^n and linear
functionals. This will become related to stratification theory of Thom and
Whitney as well as Palais-Smale generalized Morse theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128351 </DOCNO>
The XMM-Newton Serendipitous Survey. II. First results from the AXIS


  We present the first results on the identifications of a medium sensitivity
survey (X-ray flux limit 2E-14 erg/cm2/s in the 0.5-4.5 keV band) at high
galactic latitude (|b|>20 deg) carried out with the XMM-Newton X-ray
observatory within the AXIS observing programme. This study is being conducted
as part of the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre activities towards the
identification of the sources in the X-ray serendipitous sky survey. The sample
contains 29 X-ray sources in a solid angle of 0.26deg2 (source density 113 +/-
21 sources/deg2), out of which 27 (93%) have been identified. The majority of
the sources are broad-line AGN (19), followed by narrow emission line X-ray
emitting galaxies (6, all of which turn out to be AGN), 1 nearby non-emission
line galaxy (NGC 4291) and 1 active coronal star. Among the identified sources
we find 2 broad-absorption line QSOs (z~1.8 and z~1.9), which constitute ~10%
of the AGN population at this flux level, similar to optically selected
samples. Identifications of a further 10 X-ray sources fainter than our survey
limit are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129203 </DOCNO>
Stability of the Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Feature in Her X-1 with


  Five observations of the hard X-ray spectrum of Her X-1 from \xte show that
the $\sim 41$ keV energy of the cyclotron scattering line is constant within
statistics of a few percent per observtion. Comparison with other observations
over many years indicates strongly that the centroid energy of this absorption
line has increased some time between 1991 and 1993 by 23%, from 34 keV to 41
keV. Moreover, the cutoff energy of the spectral continuum increased at the
same time from 16 keV to 20 keV, which is, within the statistical error of 5%,
in direct proportion to the centroid. This may be a sign thatboth these
characteristics of the spectrum are controlled in the same way by the magnetic
field strength in the region of scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3324 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics of complex networks


  Complex networks describe a wide range of systems in nature and society, much
quoted examples including the cell, a network of chemicals linked by chemical
reactions, or the Internet, a network of routers and computers connected by
physical links. While traditionally these systems were modeled as random
graphs, it is increasingly recognized that the topology and evolution of real
networks is governed by robust organizing principles. Here we review the recent
advances in the field of complex networks, focusing on the statistical
mechanics of network topology and dynamics. After reviewing the empirical data
that motivated the recent interest in networks, we discuss the main models and
analytical tools, covering random graphs, small-world and scale-free networks,
as well as the interplay between topology and the network's robustness against
failures and attacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126684 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Beaming due to Resonance Scattering in the Accretion Column of


  Extremely strong ionized Fe emission lines, with the equivalent width
reaching about 4000 eV, were discovered with ASCA from a few Galactic compact
objects, including AX J2315-0592, RX J1802.1+1804 and AX J1842.8-0423. These
objects are thought to be binary systems containing magnetized white dwarfs
(WDs). A possible interpretation of the strong Fe-K line is the line-photon
collimation in the WD accretion column, due to resonance scattering of line
photons. The collimation occurs when the accretion column has a flat shape, and
the effect is augmented by the vertical velocity gradient there, which reduces
the resonant trapping of resonant photons along the magnetic field lines. This
effect was quantitatively confirmed with Monte-Carlo simulations. Furthermore,
with ASCA observations of the polar V834 Centauri, this collimation effect was
clearly detected as a rotational modulation of the equivalent width of the Fe-K
emission line. Extremely strong emission lines mentioned above can be explained
by our interpretation consistently. Combing this effect with other X-ray
information, the geometry and plasma parameters in the accretion column were
determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127792 </DOCNO>
Dwarf Nova Oscillations: New Results


  New and archived observations of VW Hyi in outburst show the occasional
presence of optical Dwarf Nova Oscillations (DNOs) over the range of 18 - 40 s.
There is a rapid increase in period near the end of outburst, at the same time
that the EUV falls almost to zero, which we attribute to propellering. The DNOs
return to a shorter period after this phase, but are very incoherent. The DNOs
show some modulation by the Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPOs) that are also
occasionally present in the light curve. We interpret the QPOs as a prograde
travelling wave in the inner disc, which obscures and/or reprocesses radiation
from the central region. The model is applied to observations of OY Car and WZ
Sge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95584 </DOCNO>
Weak modules and logarithmic intertwining operators for vertex operator


  We consider a class of weak modules for vertex operator algebras that we call
logarithmic modules. We also construct nontrivial examples of intertwining
operators between certain logarithmic modules for the Virasoro vertex operator
algebra. At the end we speculate about some possible logarithmic intertwiners
at the level $c=0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85972 </DOCNO>
The Early Universe as a Quantum Growing Network


  We consider a quantum gravity register that is a particular quantum memory
register which grows with time, and whose qubits are pixels of area of quantum
de Sitter horizons. At each time step, the vacuum state of this quantum
register grows because of the uncertainty in quantum information induced by the
vacuum quantum fluctuations. The resulting virtual states, (responsible for the
speed up of growth, i.e., inflation), are operated on by quantum logic gates
and transformed into qubits. The model of quantum growing network (QGN)
described here is exactly solvable, and (apart from its cosmological
implications), can be regarded as the first attempt toward a future model for
the quantum World-Wide Web. We also show that the bound on the speed of
computation, the bound on clock precision, and the holographic bound, are
saturated by the QGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75844 </DOCNO>
Parity and Time Reversal in J/Psi Decay


  With the prospect of large numbers of $J/\Psi$ decay events becoming
available in the near future, it is interesting to search for symmetry
violating effects as probes of new physics and tests of the standard model.
$J/\Psi$ decay events could provide the first observation of weak effects in
otherwise strongly decaying particles. We calculate a T odd asymmetry in the
$J/\Psi$ decay into photon plus lepton pair due to Z boson exchange. Extensions
to hadronic final states are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96658 </DOCNO>
Introduction to homological geometry: part II


  Although this article can be read independently, it is a continuation of the
introduction to integrable systems aspects of quantum cohomology given in part
1 (math.DG/0104274). In the same elementary style, i.e. assuming basic
properties of quantum cohomology and concentrating on the simplest nontrivial
examples, the quantum differential equations of Givental are studied in some
detail. The solutions are described first as generating functions for certain
Gromov-Witten invariants, then as generalizations of hypergeometric functions,
as predicted by the Mirror Theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99031 </DOCNO>
The 2-dimension series of the just-nonsolvable BSV group


  I compute the structure of the restricted 2-algebra associated to a group
first described by Andrew Brunner, Said Sidki and Ana Cristina Vieira, acting
on the binary rooted tree. I show that its width is unbounded, growing
logarithmically, and obeys a simple rule. As a consequence, the dimension of
the successive quotients of powers of the augmentation ideal in the modular
group algebra is p(0)+...+p(n), the count of partitions of numbers up to n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4180 </DOCNO>
The three-dimensional random field Ising magnet: interfaces, scaling,


  The nature of the zero temperature ordering transition in the 3D Gaussian
random field Ising magnet is studied numerically, aided by scaling analyses. In
the ferromagnetic phase the scaling of the roughness of the domain walls,
$w\sim L^\zeta$, is consistent with the theoretical prediction $\zeta = 2/3$.
As the randomness is increased through the transition, the probability
distribution of the interfacial tension of domain walls scales as for a single
second order transition. At the critical point, the fractal dimensions of
domain walls and the fractal dimension of the outer surface of spin clusters
are investigated: there are at least two distinct physically important fractal
dimensions. These dimensions are argued to be related to combinations of the
energy scaling exponent, $\theta$, which determines the violation of
hyperscaling, the correlation length exponent $\nu$, and the magnetization
exponent $\beta$. The value $\beta = 0.017\pm 0.005$ is derived from the
magnetization: this estimate is supported by the study of the spin cluster size
distribution at criticality. The variation of configurations in the interior of
a sample with boundary conditions is consistent with the hypothesis that there
is a single transition separating the disordered phase with one ground state
from the ordered phase with two ground states. The array of results are shown
to be consistent with a scaling picture and a geometric description of the
influence of boundary conditions on the spins. The details of the algorithm
used and its implementation are also described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127868 </DOCNO>
Early type stars at high galactic latitudes II. Four evolved B-type


  We present the result of differential spectral analyses of a further four
apparently normal B-type stars. Abundance anomalies (e.g. He, C, N enrichment),
slow rotation and/or high gravities suggest that the programme stars are
evolved low-mass B-type stars. In order to trace their evolutionary status
several scenarios are discussed. Post-AGB evolution can be ruled out. PG
0229+064 and PG 1400+389 could be horizontal branch (HB) stars, while HD 76431
and SB 939 have already evolved away from the extreme HB (EHB). The low helium
abundance of HD 76431 is consistent with post-EHB evolution. The enrichment in
helium, carbon and nitrogen of the remaining stars can be explained either by
deep mixing of nuclearly processed material to the surface or by diffusion
processes modified by magnetic fields and/or stellar winds. A kinematic study
of their galactic orbits indicates that the stars belong to an old disk
population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179734 </DOCNO>
Nuclear matter hole spectral function in the Bethe-Brueckner-Goldstone


  The hole spectral function is calculated in nuclear matter to assess the
relevance of nucleon-nucleon short range correlations. The calculation is
carried out within the Brueckner scheme of many-body theory by using several
nucleon-nucleon realistic interactions. Results are compared with other
approaches based on variational methods and transport theory. Discrepancies
appear in the high energy region, which is sensitive to short range
correlations, and are due to the different many-body treatment more than to the
specific N-N interaction used. Another conclusion is that the momentum
dependence of the G-matrix should be taken into account in any self consistent
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1036 </DOCNO>
Coarse grains: the emergence of space and order


  The emergence of macroscopic variables can be effected through {\it coarse
graining}. Despite practical and fundamental benefits conveyed by this
partitioning of state space, the apparently subjective nature of the selection
of coarse grains has been considered problematic. We provide objective
selection methods, deriving from the existence of relatively slow dynamical
time scales. Using a framework for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics
developed by us, we show the emergence of both spatial variables and order
parameters. Although significant objective criteria are introduced in the
coarse graining, we do not provide a unique prescription. Most significantly,
the grains, and by implication entropy, are only defined modulo a
characteristic time scale of observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81339 </DOCNO>
Simulating dynamical fermions with smeared links


  Smearing the gauge links of dynamical configurations removes small scale
unphysical vacuum fluctuations and thus improves the chiral properties of
lattice fermions. Recently we proposed the hypercubic smearing (HYP) that
improves the flavor symmetry of staggered fermions by an order of magnitude
with only minimal distortions at small distances. We describe a new algorithm
to simulate dynamical HYP fermions based on the standard pure gauge
overrelaxation and heatbath updates. The algorithm has been used to simulate
four and two flavors of staggered fermions. Unlike standard dynamical
simulation techniques, this algorithm does not loose efficiency at small quark
masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83534 </DOCNO>
More Robust Multiparty Protocols with Oblivious Transfer


  With oblivious transfer multiparty protocols become possible even in the
presence of a faulty majority. But all known protocols can be aborted by just
one disruptor.
  This paper presents more robust solutions for multiparty protocols with
oblivious transfer. This additional robustness against disruptors weakens the
security of the protocol and the guarantee that the result is correct. We can
observe a trade off between robustness against disruption and security and
correctness.
  We give an application to quantum multiparty protocols. These allow the
implementation of oblivious transfer and the protocols of this paper relative
to temporary assumptions, i.e., the security increases after the termination of
the protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86958 </DOCNO>
Local Time and the Unification of Physics Part II. Local System


  As a continuation of Part I [8], a more precise formulation of local time and
local system is given. The observation process is reflected in order to give a
relation between the classical physics for centers of mass of local systems and
the quantum mechanics inside a local system. The relation will give a
unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity in some cases. The
existence of local time and local motion is proved so that the stationary
nature of the universe is shown to be consistent with the local motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98564 </DOCNO>
The Rational Cuboid Table of Maurice Kraitchik


  The original tables of body cuboids by Maurice Kraitchik are corrected,
restoring 159 missing cuboids. His table range is then extended for all odd
sides less than 1,000,000 to a new limit of 4,294,967,295. Over this new range,
12,517 unique body cuboids are listed, from the original 416.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40852 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric neutrino flux supported by recent muon experiments


  We present a new one-dimensional calculation of low and intermediate energy
atmospheric muon and neutrino fluxes, using up-to-date data on primary cosmic
rays and hadronic interactions. We study several sources of uncertainties
relevant to our calculations. A comparison with the muon fluxes and charge
ratios measured in several modern balloon-borne experiments suggests that the
atmospheric neutrino flux is essentially lower than one used for the standard
analyses of the sub-GeV and multi-GeV neutrino induced events in underground
detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129014 </DOCNO>
Abundances in Stars from the Red Giant Branch Tip to Near the Main


  We present abundance ratios for 23 elements with respect to Fe in a sample of
stars with a wide range in luminosity, from luminous giants to stars near the
turnoff, in the globular cluster M71. The analyzed spectra, obtained with HIRES
at the Keck Observatory, are of high dispersion (R=35,000). We find that the
neutron capture, the iron peak and the alpha-element abundance ratios show no
trend with Teff, and low scatter around the mean between the top of the RGB and
near the main sequence turnoff. The alpha-elements Mg, Ca, Si and Ti are
overabundant relative to Fe. The anti-correlation between O and Na abundances,
observed in other metal poor globular clusters, is detected in our sample and
extends to the main sequence. A statistically significant correlation between
Al and Na abundances is observed among the M71 stars in our sample, extending
to Mv = +1.8, fainter than the luminosity of the RGB bump in M5. Lithium is
varying, as expected, and Zr may be varying from star to star as well. M71
appears to have abundance ratios very similar to M5 whose bright giants were
studied by Ivans et al. (2001), but seems to have a smaller amplitude of
star-to-star variations at a given luminosity, as might be expected from its
higher metallicity. The results of our abundance analysis of 25 stars in M71
provide sufficient evidence of abundance variations at unexpectedly low
luminosities to rule out the mixing scenario. Either alone or, even more
powerfully, combined with other recent studies of C and N abundances in M71
stars, the existence of such abundance variations cannot be reproduced within
the context of our current understanding of stellar evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41710 </DOCNO>
Lifetime Differences, direct CP Violation and Partial Widths in D0 Meson


  We describe several measurements using the decays D0->K+K- and pi+pi-. We
find the ratio of partial widths, Gamma(D0->K+K-)/Gamma(D0->pi+pi-), to be
2.96+/-0.16+/-0.15, where the first error is statistical and the second is
systematic. We observe no evidence for direct CP violation, obtaining A_CP(KK)
= (0.0+/-2.2+/-0.8)% and A_CP(pipi = (1.9+/-3.2+/-0.8)%. In the limit of no CP
violation we measure the mixing parameter y_CP = -0.012+/-0.025+/-0.014 by
measuring the lifetime difference between D0->K+ K- or pi+pi- and the CP
neutral state, D0->K-pi+. We see no evidence for mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2953 </DOCNO>
Exactly solvable models through the empty interval method


  The most general one dimensional reaction-diffusion model with
nearest-neighbor interactions, which is exactly-solvable through the empty
interval method, has been introduced. Assuming translationally-invariant
initial conditions, the probability that $n$ consecutive sites are empty
($E_n$), has been exactly obtained. In the thermodynamic limit, the large-time
behavior of the system has also been investigated. Releasing the translational
invariance of the initial conditions, the evolution equation for the
probability that $n$ consecutive sites, starting from the site $k$, are empty
($E_{k,n}$) is obtained. In the thermodynamic limit, the large time behavior of
the system is also considered. Finally, the continuum limit of the model is
considered, and the empty-interval probability function is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127856 </DOCNO>
A novel antimatter detector based on X-ray deexcitation of exotic atoms


  We propose a novel antiparticle detector. The gaseous antiparticle
spectrometer (GAPS) effects particle identification through the characteristic
X-rays emitted by antiparticles when they form exotic atoms in gases. GAPS
obtains particularly high grasp (effective area--solid angle product) at lower
particle energies, where conventional schemes are most limited in their
utility. The concept is simple and lightweight, so it can be readily employed
on balloon and space-based missions. An extremely powerful potential
application of GAPS is a space-based search for the neutralino through the
detection of a neutralino annihilation by-product -- the antideuteron.
Paradoxically, this space-based search for the neutralino is capable of
achieving comparable sensitivity to as yet unrealized third generation,
underground dark matter experiments. And GAPS can obtain this performance in a
very modest satellite experiment. GAPS can also provide superior performance in
searches for primary antiprotons produced via neutralino annihilation, black
hole evaporation and in probing subdominant contributions to the antiproton
flux at low energies. In a deep space mission GAPS will obtain higher
sensitivity for a given weight and power than BGO calorimeters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126786 </DOCNO>
Long-duration neutron star X-ray transients in quiescence: the Chandra


  I will briefly discuss the implications of the recent quiescent Chandra
observation of the long-duration neutron star transient KS 1731-260 (Wijnands
et al. 2001a) on models for quiescent systems other than the Brown et al.
(1998) cooling neutron star model. However, the Chandra results are not very
constraining; for those models to be consistent with the data, one only has to
assume that the system parameters of KS 1731-260 (e.g., the neutron star spin
rate and magnetic field properties; orbital parameters) are very similar to
those of the other systems. I will also discuss the available quiescent data of
other long-duration neutron star transients in the context of the Brown et al.
(1998) model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98410 </DOCNO>
The shape theorem for the frog model with random initial configuration


  We prove a shape theorem for a growing set of simple random walks on Z^d,
known as frog model. The dynamics of this process is described as follows:
There are active particles, which perform independent discrete time SRWs, and
sleeping particles, which do not move. When a sleeping particle is hit by an
active particle, the former becomes active as well. Initially, a random number
of particles is placed into each site. At time 0 all particles are sleeping,
except for those placed at the origin. We prove that the set of all sites
visited by active particles, rescaled by the elapsed time, converges to a
compact convex set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76055 </DOCNO>
NLO corrections in MC event generator for angular distribution of


  Using a subtraction method, we derive the formulae suitable for use in
Monte-Carlo event generators to give the angular distribution for the
gluon-quark induced NLO corrections in Drell-Yan lepton pair production. We
also give the corresponding helicity density matrix for W and Z boson
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148914 </DOCNO>
Composite Operators and Topological Contributions in Gauge Theory


  In $D$-dimensional gauge theory with a kinetic term based on the p-form
tensor gauge field, we introduce a gauge invariant operator associated with the
composite formed from a electric $(p-1)$-brane and a magnetic $(q-1)$-brane in
$D=p+q+1$ spacetime dimensions. By evaluating the partition function for this
operator, we show that the expectation value of this operator gives rise to the
topological contributions identical to those in gauge theory with a topological
Chern-Simons BF term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72500 </DOCNO>
Eternal Inflation


  The basic workings of inflationary models are summarized, along with the
arguments that strongly suggest that our universe is the product of inflation.
It is argued that essentially all inflationary models lead to (future-)eternal
inflation, which implies that an infinite number of pocket universes are
produced. Although the other pocket universes are unobservable, their existence
nonetheless has consequences for the way that we evaluate theories and extract
consequences from them. The question of whether the universe had a beginning is
discussed but not definitively answered. It appears likely, however, that
eternally inflating universes do require a beginning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6320 </DOCNO>
Lower energy bounds for quantum lattice Hamiltonians


  We derive general lower energy bounds for the ground state energy of any
translationally invariant quantum lattice Hamiltonian. The bounds are given by
the ground state energy of renormalized Hamiltonians on finite clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179599 </DOCNO>
Proof of the Weinberg Theorem for Chiral Quark Models


  The Weinberg theorem for pion-pion scattering, including the Adler zero, is
analytically proved for quark models, where the pion has a finite size and the
ladder truncation is assumed. The axial Ward identity is used in a diagrammatic
technique. This result applies to different subclasses of quark models,
including constituent quark models, Euclidean space Schwinger and Dyson quark
models, Nambu and Jona-Lasinio models and Minkowsky space Schwinger and Dyson
quark models. This proof extends to include the case of off mass shell pions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98624 </DOCNO>
A Tensor Product Theorem Related To Perfect Crystals


  Kang et al. provided a path realization of the crystal graph of a highest
weight module over a quantum affine algebra, as certain semi-infinite tensor
products of a single perfect crystal. In this paper, this result is generalized
to give a realization of the tensor product of several highest weight modules.
The underlying building blocks of the paths are finite tensor products of
several perfect crystals. The motivation for this work is an interpretation of
fermionic formulas, which arise from the combinatorics of Bethe Ansatz studies
of solvable lattice models, as branching functions of affine Lie algebras. It
is shown that the conditions for the tensor product theorem are satisfied for
coherent families of crystals previously studied by Kang, Kashiwara and Misra,
and the coherent family of crystals $\{B^{k,l}\}_{l\ge 1}$ of type $A_n^{(1)}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99137 </DOCNO>
The Highest-Lowest Zero and other Applications of Positivity


  The first nontrivial zeroes of the Riemann $\zeta$ function are $\approx
1/2+\pm14.13472i$. We investigate the question of whether or not any other
L-function has a higher lowest zero. To do so we try to quantify the notion
that the L-function of a ``small'' automorphic representation (i.e. one with
small level and archimedean type) does not have small zeroes, and vice-versa.
We prove that many types of automorphic L-functions have a lower first zero
than $\zeta$'s. This is done using Weil's explicit formula with
carefully-chosen test functions. When this method does not immediately show
L-functions of a certain type have low zeroes, we then attempt to turn the
tables and show no L-functions of that type exist. Thus the argument is a
combination of proving low zeroes exist and that certain cusp forms do not.
Consequently we are able to prove cohomological vanishing theorems and improve
upon existing bounds on the Laplace spectrum on $L^2(\quo n)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74659 </DOCNO>
Direct Measurement of the Top Quark Charge at Hadron Colliders


  We consider photon radiation in tbar-t events at the upgraded Fermilab
Tevatron and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) as a tool to measure the
electric charge of the top quark. We analyze the contributions of tbar-t-gamma
production and radiative top quark decays to p-p, pbar-p -> gamma l^+/- nu
bbar-b jj, assuming that both b-quarks are tagged. With 20~fb^{-1} at the
Tevatron, the possibility that the ``top quark'' discovered in Run I is
actually an exotic charge -4/3 quark can be ruled out at the 95% confidence
level. At the LHC, it will be possible to determine the charge of the top quark
with an accuracy of about 10%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1389 </DOCNO>
Lower Critical Field at Odds with A S-Wave Superconductivity in The New


  The lower critical field $H_{c1}$ has been carefully measured on a well
shaped cylindrical sample of the new superconductor $MgB_2$ fabricated by high
pressure synthesis. The penetration depth $\lambda$ is calculated from the
$H_{c1}$ data. It is found that a linear relation of $H_{c1}(T)$ appears in
whole temperature region below $T_c$. Furthermore a finite slope of
$dH_{c1}/dT$ and $d\lambda(T)/dT$ remains down to the lowest temperature (2 K).
These are inconsistent with the expectation for a widely thought s-wave
superconductivity in $MgB_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96455 </DOCNO>
A characterization of product BMO by commutators


  Let b be a function on the plane. Let H_j, j=1,2, be the Hilbert transform
acting on the j-th coordinate on the plane. We show that the operator norm of
the double commutator [[ M_b, H_1], H_2] is equivalent to the Chang-Fefferman
BMO norm of b. Here, M_b denotes the operator which is multiplication by b.
  This result extends a well known theorem of Nehari on weak factorization in
the Hardy space H^1 to the same theorem on H^1 of a product domain. The product
setting is more delicate because of the presence of a two parameter family of
dilations. The method of proof depends upon (a) A dyadic decomposition of
product BMO by wavelets (b) a prior estimate of Ferguson and Sadosky involving
rectangular BMO (c) and a careful control of certain measures related to those
of Carleson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169261 </DOCNO>
Stabilization of impurity states in crossed magnetic and electric fields


  It is shown that the renormalizability of the zero-range interaction in the
two-dimensional space is always followed by the existence of a bound state,
which is not true for odd-dimensional spaces. A renormalization procedure is
defined and the exact retarded Green's function for electrons moving in two
dimensions and interacting with both crossed magnetic and electric fields and
an attractive zero-range interaction is constructed. Imaginary parts of poles
of this Green's function determine lifetimes of quasi-bound (resonance) states.
It is shown that for some particular parameters the stabilization against decay
occurs even for strong electric fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83741 </DOCNO>
Complex Tilings


  We study the minimal complexity of tilings of a plane with a given tile set.
We note that any tile set admits either no tiling or some tiling with O(n)
Kolmogorov complexity of its n by n squares. We construct tile sets for which
this bound is tight: all n by n squares in all tilings have complexity
Omega(n). This adds a quantitative angle to classical results on
non-recursivity of tilings -- that we also develop in terms of Turing degrees
of unsolvability.
  Keywords: Tiling, Kolmogorov complexity, recursion theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148745 </DOCNO>
Correlators in N=1 SYM(2+1)


  We present a calculation of the correlator <0|T^{++}(r) T^{++}(0) |0> in N=1
SYM theory in 2+1 dimensions. In the calculation, we use supersymmetric
discrete light-cone quantization (SDLCQ), which preserves the supersymmetry at
every step of the calculation. For small and intermediate r the correlator
converges rapidly for all couplings. At small r the correlator behaves like
1/r^6, as expected. At large r the correlator is dominated by the BPS states of
the theory. We find a critical coupling where the large-r correlator goes to
zero; it grows like the square root of the transverse cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76404 </DOCNO>
The process $e^{+}e^{-}\to \bar{t}c$ in topcolor-assisted technicolor


  We consider the flavor changing neutral current(FCNC) process
$e^{+}e^{-}\to\bar{t}c$(or $t\bar{c}$) in the context of topcolor-assisted
technicolor(TC2) models. We find that the contributions of charged scalars
(technipions and top-pions) and topcolor gauge bosons are negligibly small. The
neutral scalars (top-pion $\pi_{t}^{0}$ and top-Higgs $h_{t}^{0}$) can give
significant contributions to this process. With reasonable values of the
parameters in TC2 models, there will be several tens of the observable
$\bar{t}c$ events to be generated in the future $e^{+}e^{-}$ linear colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129412 </DOCNO>
Circular polarization from stochastic synchrotron sources


  The transfer of polarized radiation in stochastic synchrotron sources is
explored by means of analytic treatment and Monte Carlo simulations. We argue
that the main mechanism responsible for the circular polarization properties of
compact synchrotron sources is likely to be Faraday conversion and that,
contrary to common expectation, a significant rate of Faraday rotation does not
necessarily imply strong depolarization. The long-term persistence of the sign
of circular polarization, observed in many sources, is most likely due to a
small net magnetic flux generated in the central engine, carried along the jet
axis and superimposed on a highly turbulent magnetic field. We show that the
mean levels of circular and linear polarizations depend on the number of field
reversals along the line of sight and that the gradient in Faraday rotation
across turbulent regions can lead to ``correlation depolarization''. Our model
is potentially applicable to a wide range of synchrotron sources. In
particular, we demonstrate how our model can naturally explain the excess of
circular over linear polarization in the Galactic Center and the nearby spiral
galaxy M81 and discuss its application to the quasar 3C 279, the intraday
variable blazar PKS 1519-273 and the X-ray binary SS 433.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1767 </DOCNO>
A Resonant X-ray Scattering Study of Octahedral Tilt Ordering in


  We report an x-ray scattering study of octahedral tilt ordering in the
manganite series Pr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ with x=0.4 and 0.25 and in LaMnO$_3$.
The sensitivity to tilt ordering is achieved by tuning the incident x-ray
energy to the L$_I$, L$_{II}$ and L$_{III}$ absorption edges of Pr and La,
respectively. The resulting energy-dependent profiles are characterized by a
dipole-resonant peak and higher energy fine structure. The polarization
dependence is predominantly $\sigma$-to-$\pi$ and the azimuthal dependence
follows a sin-squared behavior. These results are similar to those obtained in
recent x-ray scattering studies of orbital ordering carried out in these same
materials at the Mn K edge. They lead to a description of the cross-section in
terms of Templeton scattering in which the tilt ordering breaks the symmetry at
the rare earth site. The most interesting result of the present work is our
observation that octahedral tilt ordering persists above the orbital ordering
transition temperatures in all three samples. Indeed, we identify separate
structural transitions which may be associated with the onset of orbital and
tilt ordering, respectively, and characterize the loss of tilt ordering versus
temperature in LaMnO$_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95925 </DOCNO>
A note on log canonical thresholds


  We prove that the largest accumulation point of the set $\mathcal{T}_3$ of
all three-dimensional log canonical thresholds $c(X,F)$ is 5/6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127493 </DOCNO>
H_alpha emission line morphologies of Markarian starburst galaxies


  We present broad band R and narrow band H_alpha emission line images of a
sample of optically selected starburst galaxies from the Markarian lists. The
emission line morphology is studied and global properties like luminosities,
equivalent widths and star formation rates are derived. The radial distribution
of H_alpha flux and the EW are determined using concentric aperture photometry
on the emission line and the continuum images. H_alpha flux is generally found
to peak in the nuclear region and fall off outwards. The EW is found to peak
off-center in most of the cases implying that though the intensity of emission
is maximum at the nucleus, the star formation activity relative to the
underlying continuum often peaks away from the center in Markarian starburst
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74152 </DOCNO>
LEP-wide combination of the search for the standard model Higgs boson


  A search for the standard model Higgs boson at LEP is reported. The results
obtained by combining all standard model Higgs boson search channels of the
experiments (at the end of run in the year 2000) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1772 </DOCNO>
Modeling two-state cooperativity in protein folding


  A protein model with the pairwise interaction energies varying as local
environment changes, i.e., including some kinds of collective effect between
the contacts, is proposed. Lattice Monte Carlo simulations on the
thermodynamical characteristics and free energy profile show a well-defined
two-state behavior and cooperativity of folding for such a model. As a
comparison, related simulations for the usual G\={o} model, where the
interaction energies are independent of the local conformations, are also made.
Our results indicate that the evolution of interactions during the folding
process plays an important role in the two-state cooperativity in protein
folding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129193 </DOCNO>
Nested-grid calculations of disk-planet interaction


  We study the evolution of embedded protoplanets in a protostellar disk using
very high resolution nested-grid computations. This method allows us to perform
global simulations of planets orbiting in disks and, at the same time, to
resolve in detail the dynamics of the flow inside the Roche lobe of the planet.
The primary interest of this work lies in the analysis of the gravitational
torque balance acting on the planet. For this purpose we study planets of
different masses, ranging from one Earth-mass up to one Jupiter-mass, assuming
typical parameters of the protostellar disk. The high resolution of the method
allows a precise determination of the mass flow onto the planet and the
resulting torques. The obtained migration time scales are in the range from few
times 10^4 years, for intermediate mass planets, to 10^6 years, for very low
and high mass planets. Typical growth time scales depend strongly on the
planetary mass, ranging from a few hundred years, in the case of Earth-type
planets, to several ten thousand years, in the case of Jupiter-type planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129325 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. IX. Extended X-ray Sources


  The ~1 Ms Chandra Deep Field North observation is used to study the extended
X-ray sources in the region surrounding the Hubble Deep Field North (HDF-N),
yielding the most sensitive probe of extended X-ray emission at cosmological
distances to date. A total of six such sources are detected, the majority of
which align with small numbers of optically bright galaxies. Their angular
sizes, band ratios, and X-ray luminosities -- assuming they lie at the same
distances as the galaxies coincident with the X-ray emission -- are generally
consistent with the properties found for nearby groups of galaxies. One source
is notably different and is likely to be a poor-to-moderate X-ray cluster at
high redshift (i.e., z > 0.7). We are also able to place strong constraints on
the optically detected cluster of galaxies ClG 1236+6215 at z=0.85 and the
wide-angle-tail radio galaxy VLA J123725.7+621128 at z~1-2. With rest-frame
0.5--2.0 keV X-ray luminosities of <(3-15)e42 ergs s^{-1}, the environments of
both sources are either likely to have a significant deficit of hot
intra-cluster gas compared to local clusters of galaxies, or they are X-ray
groups. We find the surface density of extended X-ray sources in this
observation to be 167 (+97,-67) deg^{-2} at a limiting soft-band flux of
approximately 3e-16 ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2}. No evolution in the X-ray luminosity
function of clusters is needed to explain this value. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76925 </DOCNO>
Allowed Eta Decay Modes and Chiral Symmetry


  Recently, the development of chiral perturbation theory has allowed the
generation of rigorous low energy theorems for various hadronic processes based
only on the chiral invariance of the underlying QCD Lagrangian. Such techniques
are highly developed and well tested in the domain of pionic and kaonic
reactions. In this note we point out that with the addition of a few additional
and reasonable assumptions similar predictive power is available for processes
involving the eta meson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124136 </DOCNO>
A Survey of the Host Galaxies of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  We used 45 orbits of Hubble Space Telescope time in Cycle 9 to obtain deep
STIS/CCD images of the host galaxies of eleven gamma-ray bursts. Our goals are
to study the morphologies of the host galaxies, to obtain precise locations of
gamma-ray bursts within their host galaxies, and to determine star-formation
rates in the hosts. We present preliminary results for GRB 980425/SN1998bw, GRB
980613, and GRB 9809703.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127199 </DOCNO>
The Las Campanas IR Survey. II. Photometric redshifts, comparison with


  The LCIR Survey, using the Cambridge IR Survey Instrument (CIRSI), reaches H
\~ 20-21 over ~1 deg^2. We present results for 744 arcmin^2 in which public
UBVRI data exist. We compare optical-IR colours with predictions of a
semi-analytic hierarchical model (SAM) and find reasonable agreement. We also
determine photometric redshifts, finding a median z of z_m ~ 0.55. We compare
N(z) of different spectral types with models, showing that the observations are
inconsistent with simple PLE models while the SAM provides a reasonable fit to
the total N(z) but underestimates the number of z ~ 1 red spectral types. We
also present N(z) for samples of red objects (EROs). We find that EROs with R -
H > 4 and H < 20.5 have z_m ~ 1; redder EROs have higher z_m. For 19 < H < 20,
EROs with R - H > 4 comprise ~18% of the observed galaxy population while in
the SAM they contribute only ~4%. We also determine the angular correlation
function w(theta) for magnitude, colour, spectral type and photo-z selected
samples and use the estimated N(z) to derive the spatial clustering xi(r).
Parametrizing xi(r) by xi(r_c,z)=(r_c/r_*(z))^(-1.8) (r_c comoving), we find
that r_*(z) increases by ~1.5-2 times from z = 0 to z ~ 1.2. We interpret this
as a selection effect - the galaxies selected at z ~ 1.2 are intrinsically very
luminous. When galaxies are selected by absolute magnitude we find no evidence
for evolution in r_* over this z range. Extrapolated to z = 0, we find r_*(0) ~
6.5 h^-1Mpc for red galaxies and r_*(0) ~ 2-4 h^-1Mpc for blue galaxies. We
also find that while the angular clustering amplitude of EROs with R - H > 4 or
I - H > 3 is up to four times that of the whole galaxy population, the spatial
clustering length r_*(z=1) is ~7.5-10.5 h^-1Mpc which is only a factor of ~1.7
times r_* for non-EROs lying in a similar z and luminosity range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76128 </DOCNO>
Detecting and Studying Higgs Bosons in Two-Photon Collisions at a Linear


  We examine the potential for detecting and studying Higgs bosons in
two-photon collisions at a future linear collider. Our study incorporates
realistic two-photon spectra based on the most probable available laser
technology. Results include detector simulations. We study the cases of: a) a
SM-like Higgs boson; b) the heavy MSSM Higgs bosons; c) a Higgs boson with no
$WW/ZZ$ couplings from a general two Higgs doublet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72446 </DOCNO>
Absolute Neutrino Mass Determination


  We discuss four approaches to the determination of absolute neutrino mass.
These are the measurement of the zero-neutrino double beta decay rate, of the
tritium decay end-point spectrum, of the cosmic ray spectrum above the GZK
cutoff (in the Z-burst model), and the cosmological measurement of the power
spectrum governing the CMB and large scale structure. The first two approaches
are sensitive to the mass eigenstates coupling to the electron neutrino,
whereas the latter two are sensitive to the heavy component of the cosmic
neutrino background. All mass eigenstates are related by the $\Delta m^2$'s
inferred from neutrino oscillation data. Consequently, the potential for
absolute mass determination of each of the four approaches is correlated with
the other three, in ways that we point out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96284 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian Torus Fibrations and Mirror Symmetry of Calabi-Yau Manifolds


  In this paper we summarize our recent work in the construction of Lagrangian
torus fibrations for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in toric varieties and the
symplectic Strominger-Yau-Zaslow conjecture, together with some new
development. It is submittded to the Proceedings of the Conference in
Symplectic Geometry and Mirror Symmetry held in KIAS, Seoul, Korea. The paper
was finished in Jan. 2001, with revisions and added reference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4033 </DOCNO>
Illuminating Dense Quark Matter


  We imagine shining light on a lump of cold dense quark matter, in the CFL
phase and therefore a transparent insulator. We calculate the angles of
reflection and refraction, and the intensity of the reflected and refracted
light. Although the only potentially observable context for this phenomenon
(reflection of light from and refraction of light through an illuminated quark
star) is unlikely to be realized, our calculation casts new light on the old
idea that confinement makes the QCD vacuum behave as if filled with a
condensate of color-magnetic monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127337 </DOCNO>
Shaping the central structure in CDM halos


  Coupling the dark matter (DM) and baryonic components in galaxies via
dynamical friction (by allowing the latter to be clumpy) leads to energy input
into the DM. The resulting expanding tendency in the DM component overcomes the
competing effect of adiabatic contraction, resulting from the shrinking gas
component, and leads to a nearly constant density core. The baryonic mass
inflow also leads to the coupling of the structure at the kpc scale and below
and that of the structure of the DM at the 10 kpc scale and above, with rate of
mass inflow being dependent on the initial halo central concentration. The
latter also determines the final halo core radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74364 </DOCNO>
Systematic approach to exclusive B ->V l^+l^-, V gamma decays


  We show -- by explicit computation of first-order corrections -- that the QCD
factorization approach previously applied to hadronic two-body decays and to
form factor ratios also allows us to compute non-factorizable corrections to
exclusive, radiative B meson decays in the heavy quark mass limit. This removes
a major part of the theoretical uncertainty in the region of small invariant
mass of the photon. We discuss in particular the decays B\to K^* \gamma and
B\to K^* l^+l^- and complete the calculation of corrections to the
forward-backward asymmetry zero. The new correction shifts the asymmetry zero
by 30%, but the result confirms our previous conclusion that the asymmetry zero
provides a clean phenomenological determination of the Wilson coefficient C_9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114079 </DOCNO>
Angular Correlation in Double photoionization of Atoms and the Role of


  The problem of angular correlation in the double photoionization (DPI) of
rare gas atoms is considered in some depth. We refer particularly to the
efficiency operator for the detection of an electron by a detector having
cylindrical symmetry. The different factors in the efficiency operator are
discussed in detail keeping in mind the fundamental epistemological question of
the role of the detection process in such experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124572 </DOCNO>
New Temperatures of Diffuse Interstellar Gas: Thermally Unstable Gas


  We present new Arecibo 21-cm line measurements of the temperatures of
interstellar gas. Our temperatures for the Cold Neutral Medium (CNM) are
significantly lower than previous single-dish results and in very good accord
with theoretical models. For warm gas at T > 500 K, we find a significant
fraction of gas (>47%) to lie in the thermally unstable region 500 ---> 5000 K;
moreover, about 60% of all the neutral atomic gas has T > 500 K. Large amounts
of thermally unstable gas are not allowed in theoretical models of the global
interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5484 </DOCNO>
Single-Molecule Magnets: Jahn-Teller Isomerism and the Origin of Two


  New Mn12 single-molecule magnets (SMM's) with the composition
[Mn12O12(O2CR)16(H2O)4] were prepared and structurally characterized. Complexes
of this type can exhibit two out-of-phase ac magnetic susceptibility signals,
one in the 4-7 K region and the other in the 2-3 K region. The origin of the
two magnetization relaxation processes was systematically examined. The X-ray
structures of two isomeric forms of a Mn12 SMM are given. One complex has an
abnormal Jahn-Teller distortion axis. The magnetization hysteresis loops for
the two isomers are quite different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149757 </DOCNO>
N=3 supersymmetric Born-Infeld theory


  We construct an off-shell N=3 supersymmetric extension of the abelian D=4
Born-Infeld action starting from the action of supersymmetric Maxwell theory in
N=3 harmonic superspace. A crucial new feature of the N=3 super BI action is
that its interaction part contains only terms of the order 4k in the N=3
superfield strengths. The correct component bosonic BI action arises as the
result of elimination of auxiliary tensor field which is present in the
off-shell N=3 vector multiplet in parallel with the gauge field strength. In
this new Legendre-type representation, the bosonic BI action is fully specified
by a real function of the single variable quartic in the auxiliary tensor
field. The generic choice of this function amounts to a wide set of self-dual
nonlinear extensions of the Maxwell action. All of them admit an off-shell N=3
supersymmetrization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126465 </DOCNO>
Anomalous diffusion of the cosmic rays: steady-state solution


  We consider the propagation of galactic cosmic rays in the fractal
interstellar medium. Steady state solution of the fractional diffusion
equation, describing cosmic ray propagation, is found. We show that the
exponent of the steady state spectrum turns out to be equal to the exponent of
the cosmic ray spectrum above the "knee", that is approximately equal to 3.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72901 </DOCNO>
OMS-bar scheme of UV renormalization in the presence of unstable


  A generalization of the on-mass-shell scheme of UV renormalization (the
OMS-bar scheme) to the case of presence of unstable fundamental particles (like
W and Z bosons) is proposed. Its basic ingredients are as follows: (i) the
renormalized mass coincides with a real part of the position of the complex
pole of the corresponding propagator, (ii) the imaginary part of the on-shell
self-energy coincides with the imaginary part of the complex pole position. The
latter property implies the gauge-invariance of the imaginary part of the
on-shell self-energy in the OMS-bar scheme and its connection with the lifetime
of an unstable particle. Starting with the three-loops this connection becomes
nontrivial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97948 </DOCNO>
A cusp singularity with no Galois cover by a complete intersection


  A conjecture of Neumann and Wahl is confirmed with an explicit example. Some
computational techniques are developed, and basic facts about cusps are
reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148053 </DOCNO>
3-branes on spaces with R x S^2 x S^3 topology


  We study supergravity solutions representing D3-branes with transverse
6-space having R x S^2 x S^3 topology. We consider regular and fractional
D3-branes on a natural one-parameter extensions of the standard Calabi-Yau
metrics on the singular and resolved conifolds. After imposing a Z_2
identification on an angular coordinate these generalized "6-d conifolds" are
nonsingular spaces. The backreaction of D3-branes creates a curvature
singularity that coincides with a horizon. In the presence of fractional
D3-branes the solutions are similar to the original ones in hep-th/0002159,
hep-th/0010088: the metric has a naked repulson-type singularity located behind
the radius where the 5-form flux vanishes. The semiclassical behavior of the
Wilson loop suggests that the corresponding gauge theory duals are confining.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41487 </DOCNO>
Experimental Status of Leptonic Ds Decays


  The measurements of the leptonic branching ratios BR(Ds->tau nu) and
BR(Ds->mu nu) are reviewed. The values of the Ds decay constant fDs derived
from the measurements are updated and a world average is calculated taking into
account the large correlations between the measurements

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5624 </DOCNO>
Thermally generated vortices, gauge invariance and electron spectral


  Starting from classical vortex fluctuation picture, we study the single
electron properties in the pseudogap regime. We show that it is the gauge
invariant Green function of spinon which is directly related to ARPES data in
the pseudogap regime instead of the non-gauge invariant one. We find that the
random gauge field from the thermally generated vortices completely destroys
the coherent spinon motion and leads to excitations pertinent to non-Fermi
liquid behaviors. The Energy Distribution Curves (EDC) show broad peaks, while
the Momentum Distribution Curve (MDC) show sharp peaks with Lorenz form. The
local density of state at zero energy scales as the inverse of
Kosterlize-Thouless length. These results are qualitatively consistent with the
ARPES data in the pseudo-gap regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99078 </DOCNO>
Two-parameter nonstandard deformation of 2x2 matrices


  We introduce a two-parameter deformation of 2x2 matrices without imposing any
condition on the matrices and give the universal R-matrix of the nonstandard
quantum group which satisfies the quantum Yang-Baxter relation. Although in the
standard two-parameter deformation the quantum determinant is not central, in
the nonstandard case it is central. We note that the quantum group thus
obtained is related to the quantum supergroup $GL_{p,q}(1|1)$ by a
transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113701 </DOCNO>
Axisymmetric equilibria of a gravitating plasma with incompressible


  It is found that the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium of an axisymmetric
gravitating magnetically confined plasma with incompressible flows is governed
by a second-order elliptic differential equation for the poloidal magnetic flux
function containing five flux functions coupled with a Poisson equation for the
gravitation potential, and an algebraic relation for the pressure. This set of
equations is amenable to analytic solutions. As an application, the
magnetic-dipole static axisymmetric equilibria with vanishing poloidal plasma
currents derived recently by Krasheninnikov, Catto, and Hazeltine [Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 82}, 2689 (1999)] are extended to plasmas with finite poloidal
currents, subject to gravitating forces from a massive body (a star or black
hole) and inertial forces due to incompressible sheared flows. Explicit
solutions are obtained in two regimes: (a) in the low-energy regime
$\beta_0\approx \gamma_0\approx \delta_0 \approx\epsilon_0\ll 1$, where
$\beta_0$, $\gamma_0$, $\delta_0$, and $\epsilon_0$ are related to the thermal,
poloidal-current, flow and gravitating energies normalized to the
poloidal-magnetic-field energy, respectively, and (b) in the high-energy regime
$\beta_0\approx \gamma_0\approx \delta_0 \approx\epsilon_0\gg 1$. It turns out
that in the high-energy regime all four forces, pressure-gradient,
toroidal-magnetic-field, inertial, and gravitating contribute equally to the
formation of magnetic surfaces very extended and localized about the symmetry
plane such that the resulting equilibria resemble the accretion disks in
astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95715 </DOCNO>
Parallel spinors and connections with skew-symmetric torsion in string


  We describe all almost contact metric, almost hermitian and $G_2$-structures
admitting a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion tensor, and prove
that there exists at most one such connection. We investigate its torsion form,
its Ricci tensor, the Dirac operator and the $\nabla$-parallel spinors. In
particular, we obtain solutions of the type $II$ string equations in dimension
$n=5,6$ and 7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85991 </DOCNO>
Critical Phenomena Associated with Boson Stars


  We present a brief synopsis of related work (gr-qc/0007039), describing a
study of black hole threshold phenomena for a self-gravitating, massive complex
scalar field in spherical symmetry. We construct Type I critical solutions
dynamically by tuning a one-parameter family of initial data consisting of a
boson star and a massless real scalar field, and numerically evolving this
data. The resulting critical solutions appear to correspond to boson stars on
the unstable branch, as we show via comparisons between our simulations and
perturbation theory. For low-mass critical solutions, we find small ``halos''
of matter in the tails of the solutions, and these distort the profiles which
otherwise agree with unstable boson stars. These halos seem to be artifacts of
the collisions between the original boson stars and the massless fields, and do
not appear to belong to the true critical solutions. From this study, it
appears that unstable boson stars are unstable to dispersal (``explosion'') in
addition to black hole formation. Given the similarities in macroscopic
stability between boson stars and neutron stars, we suggest that similar
phenomena could occur in models of neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73551 </DOCNO>
GUT Breaking on the Brane


  We present a five-dimensional supersymmetric SU(5) theory in which the gauge
symmetry is broken maximally (i.e. at the 5D Planck scale M_*) on the same 4D
brane where chiral matter is localized. Masses of the lightest Kaluza-Klein
modes for the colored Higgs and X and Y gauge fields are determined by the
compactification scale of the fifth dimension, M_C ~ 10^{15} GeV, rather than
by M_*. These fields' wave functions are repelled from the GUT-breaking brane,
so that proton decay rates are suppressed below experimental limits. Above the
compactification scale, the differences between the standard model gauge
couplings evolve logarithmically, so that ordinary logarithmic gauge coupling
unification is preserved. The maximal breaking of the grand unified group can
also lead to other effects, such as O(1) deviations from SU(5) predictions of
Yukawa couplings, even in models utilizing the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126662 </DOCNO>
Towards A Mean-Field Formulation Of The Babcock-Leighton Type Solar


  We develop a model of the solar dynamo in which, on the one hand, we follow
the Babcock-Leighton approach to include surface processes like the production
of poloidal field from the decay of active regions, and, on the other hand, we
attempt to develop a mean field theory that can be studied in quantitative
detail. One of the main challenges in developing such models is to treat the
buoyant rise of toroidal field and the production of poloidal field from it
near the surface. We build up a dynamo model with two contrasting methods of
treating buoyancy. In one method, we incorporate the generation of the poloidal
field near the solar surface by Durney's procedure of double ring eruption. In
the second method, the poloidal field generation is treated by a positive
alpha-effect concentrated near the solar surface, coupled with an algorithm for
handling buoyancy. The two methods are found to give qualitatively similar
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1241 </DOCNO>
Stochastic theory of non-equilibrium wetting


  We study a Langevin equation describing non-equilibrium depinning and wetting
transitions. Attention is focused on short-ranged attractive
substrate-interface potentials. We confirm the existence of first order
depinning transitions, in the temperature-chemical potential diagram, and a
tricritical point beyond which the transition becomes a non-equilibrium
complete wetting transition. The coexistence of pinned and depinned interfaces
occurs over a finite area, in line with other non-equilibrium systems that
exhibit first order transitions. In addition, we find two types of phase
coexistence, one of which is characterized by spatio-temporal intermittency
(STI). A finite size analysis of the depinning time is used to characterize the
different coexisting regimes. Finally, a stationary distribution of
characteristic triangles or facets was shown to be responsible for the
structure of the STI phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169186 </DOCNO>
Thermalizing Quantum Machines: Dissipation and Entanglement


  We study the relaxation of a quantum system towards the thermal equilibrium
using tools developed within the context of quantum information theory. We
consider a model in which the system is a qubit, and reaches equilibrium after
several successive two-qubit interactions (thermalizing machines) with qubits
of a reservoir. We characterize completely the family of thermalizing machines.
The model shows a tight link between dissipation, fluctuations, and the maximal
entanglement that can be generated by the machines. The interplay of quantum
and classical information processes that give rise to practical irreversibility
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7226 </DOCNO>
Two-phonon scattering of magnetorotons in fractional quantum Hall


  We study the phonon-assisted process of dissociation of a magnetoroton, in a
fractional quantum Hall liquid, into an unbound pair of quasiparticles. Whilst
the dissociation is forbidden to first order in the electron-phonon
interaction, it can occur as a two-phonon process. Depending on the value of
final separation between the quasiparticles, the dissociation is either a
single event involving absorption of one phonon and emission of another phonon
of similar energy, or a two-phonon diffusion of a quasiexciton in momentum
space. The dependence of the magnetoroton dissociation time on the filling
factor of the incompressible liquid is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168979 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the photonic de Broglie wavelength of biphotons generated


  Using a basic Mach-Zehnder interferometer, we demonstrate experimentally the
measurement of the photonic de Broglie wavelength of an entangled photon pair
(a biphoton) generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The observed
interference manifests the concept of the photonic de Broglie wavelength. The
result also provides a proof-of-principle of the quantum lithography that
utilizes the reduced interferometric wavelength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127951 </DOCNO>
X-ray Doppler Imaging of 44i Boo with Chandra


  Chandra High-Energy Transmission Grating observations of the bright eclipsing
contact binary 44i Boo show X-ray line profiles which are Doppler-shifted by
orbital motions. The X-ray emission spectrum contains a multitude of lines
superimposed on a weak continuum, with strong lines of O VIII, Ne X, Fe XVII,
and Mg XII. The profiles of these lines from the total observed spectrum show
Doppler-broadened widths of ~ 550 km s^{-1}. Line centroids vary with orbital
phase, indicating velocity changes of > 180 km s^{-1}. The first-order light
curve shows significant variability, but no clear evidence for either primary
or secondary eclipses. Flares are observed for all spectral ranges;
additionally, the light curve constructed near the peak of the emission measure
distribution (T_e = 5 to 8 X 10^6 K) shows quiescent variability as well as
flares. The phase-dependences of line profiles and light curves together imply
that at least half of the emission is localized at high latitude. A simple
model with two regions on the primary star at relatively high latitude
reproduces the observed line profile shifts and quiescent light curve. These
first clear X-ray Doppler shifts of stellar coronal material illustrate the
power of Chandra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77107 </DOCNO>
Investigating the Supersymmetric Explanation of Anomalous CDF lepton(s)


  The recent excess over the Standard Model prediction in the \mu \gamma
missing-E_T channel reported by CDF can be well-explained by resonant smuon
production with a single dominant R-parity violating coupling \lambda'_{211},
in the context of models where the gravitino is the lightest supersymmetric
particle. The slepton decays to the lightest neutralino and a muon followed by
neutralino decaying to a gravitino and photon. The kinematical distributions
are fitted well by our hypothesis and we use them to constrain the available
parameter space. The model also provides an explanation for the ee\gamma\gamma
missing-E_T event observed in Run I of the Tevatron by the CDF experiment. Our
model predicts an excess of between 5 and 35 events in a \gamma missing-E_T
channel at Run I. We provide predictions for signatures expected by the model
at Run II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87030 </DOCNO>
Effect of hyperon bulk viscosity on neutron-star r-modes


  Neutron stars are expected to contain a significant number of hyperons in
addition to protons and neutrons in the highest density portions of their
cores. Following the work of Jones, we calculate the coefficient of bulk
viscosity due to nonleptonic weak interactions involving hyperons in
neutron-star cores, including new relativistic and superfluid effects. We
evaluate the influence of this new bulk viscosity on the gravitational
radiation driven instability in the r-modes. We find that the instability is
completely suppressed in stars with cores cooler than a few times 10^9 K, but
that stars rotating more rapidly than 10-30% of maximum are unstable for
temperatures around 10^10 K. Since neutron-star cores are expected to cool to a
few times 10^9 K within seconds (much shorter than the r-mode instability
growth time) due to direct Urca processes, we conclude that the gravitational
radiation instability will be suppressed in young neutron stars before it can
significantly change the angular momentum of the star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114516 </DOCNO>
Polarizabilities of germanium clusters


  Polarizabilities of Ge$_n$ clusters with 2 to 25 atoms are calculated using
coupled-perturbation Hartree-Fock (CPHF) and finite field (FF) method within
density functional theory. The polarizabilities of the Ge$_n$ clusters increase
rapidly in the size range of 2 to 5 atoms and then fluctuate around the bulk
value. The polarizabilities are sensitively dependent on the cluster geometries
and electronic structures. The large HOMO-LUMO gap may lead to the small
polarizability. As compared with the compact structure and diamond structure,
the prolate cluster structure corresponds to a larger polarizability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73936 </DOCNO>
Probing large extra dimensions with spin configuration of top quark pair


  We explore signatures of large extra dimensions with a polarized
electron/positrn beam at the Joint Linear Collider (JLC). We point out that
spin informations can be useful to study indirect signals for large extra
dimensions due to spin-2 nature of Kaluza-Klein gravitons. The spin
configurations of the top quark pair production at $e^+ e^-$ and $\gamma
\gamma$ collisions provide an unique testing ground to search for effects of
the large extra dimensions. Especially we show the forward-backward asymmetry
is a good probe at $e^+ e^- \to t \bar{t}$ process and we can define a new
asymmetry observable effective for $\gamma \gamma \to t \bar{t}$ process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127110 </DOCNO>
Multicomponent radiatively driven stellar winds II. Gayley-Owocki


  We show that the so-called Gayley-Owocki (Doppler) heating is important for
the temperature structure of the wind of main sequence stars cooler than the
spectral type O6. The formula for Gayley-Owocki heating is derived directly
from the Boltzmann equation as a direct consequence of the dependence of the
driving force on the velocity gradient. Since Gayley-Owocki heating deposits
heat directly to the absorbing ions, we also investigated the possibility that
individual components of the radiatively driven stellar wind have different
temperatures. This effect is negligible in the wind of O stars, whereas a
significant temperature difference takes place in the winds of main sequence B
stars for stars cooler than B2. Typical temperature difference between
absorbing ions and other flow components for such stars is of the order 10^3 K.
However, in the case when passive component falls back onto the star the
absorbing component reaches temperatures of order 10^6 K, which allows for
emission of X-rays.
  Moreover, we compare our computed terminal velocities with the observed ones.
We found quite good agreement between predicted and observed terminal
velocities. The systematic difference coming from the using of the so called
"cooking formula" has been removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126779 </DOCNO>
Characteristics of air showers created by extremely high energy


  The technique of adjoint cascade equations has been applied to calculate the
properties of extremely high energy gamma-rays in the energy range 10^18--10^22
eV with taking into account the LPM effect and interactions of gamma-rays with
the geomagnetic field. Such characteristics are analysed as the electron and
muon contents at the observation level, the electron cascade curves, the
lateral distribution functions of photoproduced muons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3080 </DOCNO>
Spin Electronics and Spin Computation


  We review several proposed spintronic devices that can provide new
functionality or improve available functions of electronic devices. In
particular, we discuss a high mobility field effect spin transistor, an
all-metal spin transistor, and our recent proposal of an all-semiconductor spin
transistor and a spin battery. We also address some key issues in
spin-polarized transport, which are relevant to the feasibility and operation
of hybrid semiconductor devices. Finally, we discuss a more radical aspect of
spintronic research--the spin-based quantum computation and quantum information
processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96259 </DOCNO>
Symmetric function generalizations of graph polynomials


  In Chapter 2 we study the path-cycle symmetric function of a digraph, a
symmetric function generalization of Chung and Graham's cover polynomial. Most
of this material appears in either Advances in Math. 118 (1996), 71-98 or J.
Algebraic Combin. 10 (1999), 227-240. Chapter 3 contains miscellaneous results
about Stanley's symmetric function generalization X_G of the chromatic
polynomial, e.g., we establish a connection with some of Tutte's work on the
chromatic polynomial and use this to prove that X_G is reconstructible. Most of
Chapter 3 does not appear elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4384 </DOCNO>
Single-hole dynamics in the half-filled two-dimensional Kondo-Hubbard


  We consider the Kondo lattice model in two dimensions at half filling. In
addition to the fermionic hopping integral $t$ and the superexchange coupling
$J$ the role of a Coulomb repulsion $U$ in the conduction band is investigated.
We find the model to display a magnetic order-disorder transition in the U-J
plane with a critical value of J_c which is decreasing as a function of U. The
single particle spectral function A(k,w) is computed across this transition.
For all values of J > 0, and apart from shadow features present in the ordered
state, A(k,w) remains insensitive to the magnetic phase transition with the
first low-energy hole states residing at momenta k = (\pm \pi, \pm \pi). As J
-> 0 the model maps onto the Hubbard Hamiltonian. Only in this limit, the
low-energy spectral weight at k = (\pm \pi, \pm \pi) vanishes with first
electron removal-states emerging at wave vectors on the magnetic Brillouin zone
boundary. Thus, we conclude that (i) the local screening of impurity spins
determines the low energy behavior of the spectral function and (ii) one cannot
deform continuously the spectral function of the Mott-Hubbard insulator at J=0
to that of the Kondo insulator at J > J_c. Our results are based on both, T=0
Quantum Monte-Carlo simulations and a bond-operator mean-field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128945 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Spectrum of Cyg X-2


  The spectra of disc accreting neutron stars generally show complex curvature,
and individual components from the disc, boundary layer and neutron star
surface cannot be uniquely identified. Here we show that much of the confusion
over the spectral form derives from inadequate approximations for
comptonization and for the iron line. There is an intrinsic low energy cutoff
in comptonised spectra at the seed photon energy. It is very important to model
this correctly in neutron star systems as these have expected seed photon
temperatures (from either the neutron star surface, inner disc or self-absorbed
cyclotron) of ~1 keV, clearly within the observed X-ray energy band. There is
also reflected continuum emission which must accompany the observed iron line,
which distorts the higher energy spectrum. We illustrate these points by a
reanalysis of the GINGA spectra of Cyg X-2 at all points along its Z track, and
show that the spectrum can be well fit by models in which the low energy
spectrum is dominated by the disc, while the higher energy spectrum is
dominated by comptonised emission from the boundary layer, together with its
reflected spectrum from a relativistically smeared, ionised disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85713 </DOCNO>
Chiral String in a Curved Space: Gravitational Self-Action


  We analyze the effective action describing the linearised gravitational
self-action for a classical superconducting string in a curved spacetime. It is
shown that the divergent part of the effective action is equal to zero for the
both Nambu-Goto and chiral superconducting string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113766 </DOCNO>
Generic Smooth Connection Functions - A New Analytic Approach to


  We present a generic solution to the fundamental problem of how to connect
two points in a plane by a smooth curve that goes through these points with a
given slope. The smoothness of any curve depends both on its curvature and its
length. The smoothest curves correspond to a particular compromise between
minimal curvature and minimal length. They can be described by a class of
functions that satisfy certain boundary conditions and minimize a weight
functional. The value of this functional is given essentially by the average of
the curvature raised to some power \nu times the length of the curve. The
parameter \nu determines the importance of minimal curvature with respect to
minimal length. In order to find the functions that obtain the minimal weight,
we use extensively notions that are well-known in classical mechanics. The
minimization of the weight functional via the Euler-Lagrange formalism leads to
a highly non-trivial differential equation. Using the symmetries of the problem
it is possible to find conserved quantities, that help to simplify the problem
to a level where the solution functions can be written in a closed form for any
given \nu. Applying the appropriate coordinate transformation to these
solutions allows to adjust them to all possible boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127046 </DOCNO>
Cooling Flows of Self-Gravitating, Rotating, Viscous Systems


  We obtain self-similar solutions that describe the dynamics of a
self-gravitating, rotating, viscous system. We use simplifying assumptions; but
explicitly include viscosity and the cooling due to the dissipation of energy.
By assuming that the turbulent dissipation of energy is as power law of the
density and the speed v_{rms} and for a power-law dependence of viscosity on
the density, pressure, and rotational velocity, we investigate turbulent
cooling flows. It has been shown that for the cylindrically and the spherically
cooling flows the similarity indices are the same, and they depend only on the
exponents of the dissipation rate and the viscosity model. Depending on the
values of the exponents, which the mechanisms of the dissipation and viscosity
determine them, we may have solutions with different general physical
properties. The conservation of the total mass and the angular momentum of the
system strongly depends on the mechanisms of energy dissipation and the
viscosity model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128782 </DOCNO>
The Energy of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  The energy of a Gamma-Ray Burst is one of the most interesting factors that
can help determining the origin of these mysterious explosions. After the
discovery that GRBs are cosmological it was thought, for a while that they are
standard candles releasing $\sim 10^{51}$ergs. Redshift measurements that
followed the discovery of GRB afterglow revealed that GRBs are (i) further than
what was initially believed and (ii) have a very wide luminosity function. Some
bursts revealed an enormous energy release with a record estimate of $ 1.4
\times 10^{54}$ergs for GRB990123. The energy budget was stretched even further
when it was suggested that the conversion efficiency of producing gamma-rays is
low. The realization that GRBs are beamed changed this perspective and brought
the energy budget of GRBs down back to a "modest" $\sim 5 \times 10^{50}$ergs.
I discuss here various estimates showing that GRB energy is narrowly
distributed and discuss the implications of this conclusion to GRB models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4708 </DOCNO>
Some Statistical Physics Approaches for Trends and Predictions in


  Specific aspects of time series analysis are discussed. They are related to
the analysis of atmospheric data that are pertinent to clouds. A brief
introduction on some of the most interesting topics of current research on
climate/weather predictions is given. Scaling properties of the liquid water
path in stratus clouds are analyzed to demonstrate the application of several
methods of statistical physics for analyzing data in atmospheric sciences, and
more generally in geophysics. The breaking up of a stratus cloud is shown to be
related to changes in the type of correlations in the fluctuations of the
signal that represents the total vertical amount of liquid water in the stratus
cloud. It is demonstrated that the correlations of the liquid water path
fluctuations exist indeed in a more complex way than usually known through
their multi-affine dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87222 </DOCNO>
Optimal detection of burst events in gravitational wave interferometric


  We consider the problem of detecting a burst signal of unknown shape. We
introduce a statistic which generalizes the excess power statistic proposed by
Flanagan and Hughes and extended by Anderson et al. The statistic we propose is
shown to be optimal for arbitrary noise spectral characteristic, under the two
hypotheses that the noise is Gaussian, and that the prior for the signal is
uniform. The statistic derivation is based on the assumption that a signal
affects only affects N samples in the data stream, but that no other
information is a priori available, and that the value of the signal at each
sample can be arbitrary. We show that the proposed statistic can be implemented
combining standard time-series analysis tools which can be efficiently
implemented, and the resulting computational cost is still compatible with an
on-line analysis of interferometric data. We generalize this version of an
excess power statistic to the multiple detector case, also including the effect
of correlated noise. We give full details about the implementation of the
algorithm, both for the single and the multiple detector case, and we discuss
exact and approximate forms, depending on the specific characteristics of the
noise and on the assumed length of the burst event. As a example, we show what
would be the sensitivity of the network of interferometers to a delta-function
burst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73044 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Forces as Gauge Theories


  This study proposes that all the known fundamental forces including gravity
may be described by local gauge theories. Gravitational, electroweak, and
strong interactions on length scales from 10^{-33} cm to 10^{28} cm are
systematically discussed from the unified gauge theory point of view toward a
ultimate theory for fundamental forces. New concepts such as dynamical
spontaneous symmetry breaking, gauge group hierarchy, coupling constant
hierarchy, effective coupling constant hierarchy, cosmological constant,
massive gauge bosons, massless gauge bosons, quantum weakdynamics, analogy
between quantum weakdynamics and quantum chromodynamics, a possible gauge
theory for the universe expansion, the relation between time and gauge boson
mass, other quantum tests, etc. are briefly reported based on experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6911 </DOCNO>
Electric Polarization of Heteropolar Nanotubes as a Geometric Phase


  The three-fold symmetry of planar boron nitride, the III-V analog to
graphene, prohibits an electric polarization in its ground state, but this
symmetry is broken when the sheet is wrapped to form a BN nanotube. We show
that this leads to an electric polarization along the nanotube axis which is
controlled by the quantum mechanical boundary conditions on its electronic
states around the tube circumference. Thus the macroscopic dipole moment has an
{\it intrinsically nonlocal quantum} mechanical origin from the wrapped
dimension. We formulate this novel phenomenon using the Berry's phase approach
and discuss its experimental consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98274 </DOCNO>
Path Integrals on Riemannian Manifolds with Symmetry and Stratified


  We study a quantum system in a Riemannian manifold M on which a Lie group G
acts isometrically. The path integral on M is decomposed into a family of path
integrals on a quotient space Q=M/G and the reduced path integrals are
completely classified by irreducible unitary representations of G. It is not
necessary to assume that the action of G on M is either free or transitive.
Hence the quotient space M/G may have orbifold singularities. Stratification
geometry, which is a generalization of the concept of principal fiber bundle,
is necessarily introduced to describe the path integral on M/G. Using it we
show that the reduced path integral is expressed as a product of three factors;
the rotational energy amplitude, the vibrational energy amplitude, and the
holonomy factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125479 </DOCNO>
Energy Loss of Particles in Pulsar Radio Emission Region


  Extremely relativistic particles play an important role in various radiative
mechanisms of pulsar radio as well as high-energy emission. It is thus very
essential to estimate the Lorentz factor of these particles in the radiation
regions both observationally and theoretically. In this paper, according to the
frequency dependence of component separation and considering some radiation
processes, we obtain the Lorentz factor and its variation in the radiation
region observationally for seven multi-frequency observed pulsars. It is found
that the Lorentz factor decays substantially in the emission region, and the
decay can not be well understood by all known energy loss processes. This
result hints that there are some unknown processes which are responsible to
loosing energy effectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75215 </DOCNO>
Relativistic effects in quasielastic electron scattering


  The impact of pionic correlations and meson-exchange currents on the
quasi-elastic electromagnetic response functions is studied in a fully
relativistic framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40881 </DOCNO>
Search for supersymmetric particles in scenarios with a gravitino LSP


  Sleptons, neutralinos and charginos were searched for in the context of
scenarios where the lightest supersymmetric particle is the gravitino. It was
assumed that the stau is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle. Data
collected with the DELPHI detector at a centre-of-mass energy near 189 GeV were
analysed combining the methods developed in previous searches at lower
energies. No evidence for the production of these supersymmetric particles was
found. Hence, limits were derived at 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75027 </DOCNO>
Natural mu-term generation in supergravity scenario


  We discuss a natural way to generate the mu-term in supergravity scenario.
Once the supergravity effects are taken into account, the vacuum expectation
values (VEVs) of the heavy fields are in general shifted from the values in the
supersymmetric limit. We note that this fact is independent of any Kahler
ansatz and the values of the VEV shifts are of the order of the gravitino mass.
As an example, an explicit model is presented, in which both of the mu-term and
the B-term of the electroweak scale are generated by the VEV shifts through the
supergravity effects. This model is a kind of the next to minimal
supersymmetric standard model, but there is no light standard model singlet
field. Also, we emphasize that our discussion can be naturally applied to the
supersymmetric grand unified theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 735 </DOCNO>
Spin Polarized Ground State for Interacting Electrons in Two Dimensions


  We study numerically the ground state magnetization for clusters of
interacting electrons in two dimensions in the regime where the single particle
wavefunctions are localized by disorder. It is found that the Coulomb
interaction leads to a spontaneous ground state magnetization. For a constant
electronic density, the total spin increases linearly with the number of
particles, suggesting a ferromagnetic ground state in the thermodynamic limit.
The magnetization is suppressed when the single particle states become
delocalized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81227 </DOCNO>
Heavy Baryons from Lattice NRQCD


  The mass spectrum of heavy quark baryons has been computed on anisotropic
lattices using quenched lattice nonrelativistic QCD. The mass splittings
between spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 baryons are also calculated. Results are compared
to those obtained by using a Dirac-Wilson action of the D234 type. Color
hyperfine effects in heavy baryons are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40740 </DOCNO>
Proton-Proton Fusion in Effective Field Theory to Fifth Order


  The proton-proton fusion process p p->d e^+ nu_e is calculated at threshold
to fifth order in pionless effective field theory. There are two unknown
two-body currents contributing at the second and fourth orders. Combined with
the previous results for neutrino-deuteron and antineutrino-deuteron
scattering, computed to third order in the same approach, we conclude that a
10% measurement of reactor antineutrino-deuteron scattering measurement could
constrain the p p->d e^+ nu_e rate to ~7% while a ~3% measurement of nu_e d->
e^- p p could constrain the pp rate to ~2%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95393 </DOCNO>
On the determinant formulas by Borodin, Okounkov, Baik, Deift, and Rains


  We give alternative proofs to (block case versions of) some formulas for
Toeplitz and Fredholm determinants established recently by the authors of the
title. Our proof of the Borodin-Okounkov formula is very short and direct. The
proof of the Baik-Deift-Rains formulas is based on standard manipulations with
Wiener-Hopf factorizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169302 </DOCNO>
Smart Nanostructures and Synthetic Quantum Systems


  So far proposed quantum computers use fragile and environmentally sensitive
natural quantum systems. Here we explore the notion that synthetic quantum
systems suitable for quantum computation may be fabricated from smart
nanostructures using topological excitations of a neural-type network that can
mimic natural quantum systems. These developments are a technological
application of process physics which is a semantic information theory of
reality in which space and quantum phenomena are emergent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5735 </DOCNO>
Velocity Fluctuations in Electrostatically Driven Granular Media


  We study experimentally the particle velocity fluctuations in an
electrostatically driven dilute granular gas. The experimentally obtained
velocity distribution functions have strong deviations from Maxwellian form in
a wide range of parameters. We have found that the tails of the distribution
functions are consistent with a stretched exponential law with typical
exponents of the order 3/2. Molecular dynamic simulations shows qualitative
agreement with experimental data. Our results suggest that this non-Gaussian
behavior is typical for most inelastic gases with both short and long range
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97411 </DOCNO>
A holomorphic representation formula for parabolic hyperspheres


  A holomorphic representation formula for special parabolic hyperspheres is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98519 </DOCNO>
A Note on the Lawrence-Krammer-Bigelow Representation


  A very popular problem on braid groups has been recently solved by Bigelow
and Krammer, namely, they have found a faithful linear representation for the
braid group $B_n$. In their papers, Bigelow and Krammer suggested that their
representation is the monodromy representation of a certain fibration, but they
did not give any formal proof of this statement. Our goal in this paper is to
understand this monodromy representation using standard tools from the theory
of hyperplane arrangements. In particular, we prove that the representation of
Bigelow and Krammer is a sub-representation of the monodromy representation
which we consider, but that it cannot be the whole representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72719 </DOCNO>
E_6 unification model building III. Clebsch-Gordan coefficients in E_6


  $E_6$ is an attractive group for unification model building. However, the
complexity of a rank 6 group makes it non-trivial to write down the structure
of higher dimensional operators in an $E_6$ theory in terms of the states
labeled by quantum numbers of the Standard Model gauge group. In this paper, we
show the results of our computation of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients for the
products of the {\bf 27} with irreducible representations of higher
dimensionality: ${\bf 78}$, ${\bf 351}$, ${\bf 351^\prime}$, ${\bf \ol{351}}$,
and ${\bf \ol{351^\prime}}$. Application of these results to $E_6$ model
building involving higher dimensional operators is straightforward.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41466 </DOCNO>
A device to characterize optical fibres


  ATLAS is a general purpose experiment approved for the LHC collider at CERN.
An important component of the detector is the central hadronic calorimeter; for
its construction more than 600,000 Wave Length Shifting (WLS) fibres
(corresponding to a total length of 1,120 Km) have been used.
  We have built and put into operation a dedicated instrument for the
measurement of light yield and attenuation length over groups of 20 fibres at a
time.
  The overall accuracy achieved in the measurement of light yield
  (attenuation length) is 1.5% (3%).
 We also report the results obtained using this method in the quality control
of a large sample of fibres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128974 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in the Local Universe


  We present preliminary results of a long-term study aimed at answering a
number of open questions on the evolution of starbursts in local galaxies. The
project employes mainly HST data from the ultraviolet to the red of the stellar
continuum and of the nebular emission from the galaxies. Here we concentrate on
NGC5253 and NGC5236 (M83), that form a dwarf--massive galaxy pair at about 4
Mpc distance. The recent star formation history of the centers of the two
galaxies is investigated in order to identify similarities and differences in
the evolution of their central starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75301 </DOCNO>
Dynamical renormalization group approach to the Altarelli-Parisi-Lipatov


  The Altarelli-Parisi-Lipatov equations for the parton distribution functions
are rederived using the dynamical renormalization group approach to quantum
kinetics. This method systematically treats the ln Q^2 corrections that arises
in perturbation theory as a renormalization of the parton distribution function
and unambiguously indicates that the strong coupling must be allowed to run
with the scale in the evolution kernel. To leading logarithmic accuracy the
evolution equation is Markovian and the logarithmic divergences in the
perturbative expansion are identified with the secular divergences (terms that
grow in time) that emerge in a perturbative treatment of the kinetic equations
in nonequilibrium systems. The resummation of the leading logarithms by the
Altarelli-Parisi-Lipatov equation is thus similar to the resummation of the
leading secular terms by the Boltzmann kinetic equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125781 </DOCNO>
An optical inverse-Compton hotspot in 3C196?


  Several hotspots of FRII radio sources have previously been detected in the
X-ray at a flux level consistent with the X-rays being due to inverse-Compton
scattering of radio synchrotron photons (`synchrotron self-Compton'), if the
magnetic fields in the hotspots are close to their equipartition values.
However, the number of hotspots compact and bright enough to exhibit detectable
X-ray emission is small, so it is worth searching for synchrotron self-Compton
emission in the optical, in spite of the obvious observational difficulties of
such an approach. In this note I report on a possible detection of an optical
inverse-Compton hotspot in a deep Hubble Space Telescope observation of the
distant quasar 3C196, at a level which implies a hotspot magnetic field
strength close to equipartition if the electrons have a low-energy cutoff
around gamma ~ 500.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 701 </DOCNO>
Uemura Plot as a Certificate of Two-dimensional Character of


  With using general properties of superconducting state for 2D systems the
universal temperature dependence of the penetration length is found out for
quasi-2D HTS, that leads to Uemura plot and evidences about 2D character of
superconducting transition. It is shown that from the measurements of c-axis
resistivity and of the penetration length the value of the interval of 3D
superconducting fluctuations can be determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149035 </DOCNO>
Closed String Tachyons in Non-supersymmetric Heterotic Theories


  We calculate partition functions for supersymmetric heterotic theories on
Melvin background with Wilson line. These functions coincide with partition
functions for some of non-supersymmetric heterotic theories in appropriate
limits. This suggests that non-supersymmetric heterotic theories are equivalent
to supersymmetric theories on supersymmetry-breaking backgrounds, just as in
the case of recently conjectured IIA-0A duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123939 </DOCNO>
Departure from Axisymmetry in Planetary Nebulae


  Many planetary nebulae (PNe) exhibit distinctly non-axisymmetric structure in
either (i) the shape of the nebula, or (ii) in the off-centered position of the
illuminating star. By examining a large number of well resolved images of PNe
we estimate that about 30-50 percents of all PNe exhibit distinctly
non-axisymmetric structure. In this paper, we discuss how such departures from
axisymmetry can arise from the binary nature of the progenitors of the PNe. The
scenarios include (a) relatively close binaries with eccentric orbits, and (b)
longer orbital period systems with either circular or eccentric orbits. In
order to assess the fraction of PNe whose non-axisymmetric morphologies are
expected to arise in binary systems, we have carried out a detailed population
synthesis study. The expected deviations from axisymmetry are classified for
each binary and the results tabulated. We find that about 25 percents of
elliptical and 30-50 percents of bipolar PNe are expected to acquire
non-axisymmetric structure from binary interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124631 </DOCNO>
Evolution of magnetic field curvature in the Kulsrud-Anderson dynamo


  We find that in the kinematic limit the ensemble averaged square of the
curvature of magnetic field lines is exponentially amplified in time by the
turbulent motions in a highly conductive plasma. At the same time, the ensemble
averaged curvature vector exponentially decays to zero. Thus, independently of
the initial conditions, the fluctuation field becomes very curved, and the
curvature vector becomes highly isotropic.
  Keywords: ISM: magnetic fields, MHD, turbulence, methods: analytical

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125233 </DOCNO>
Comparing the SFI Peculiar Velocities with the PSCz Gravity Field: a


  We compare the peculiar velocities derived from the I-band Tully-Fisher (TF)
relation for 989 field spiral galaxies in the SFI catalogue with the predicted
velocity field derived from the IRAS PSCz galaxy redshift survey. We assume
linear gravitational instability theory and apply the maximum likelihood
technique, VELMOD, to SFI galaxies within cz<6000 km/s. The resulting
calibration of the TF relation is consistent with a previous, independent
calibration for a similar sample of spirals residing in clusters. Our analysis
provides an accurate estimate of the quantity beta. Using the forward TF
relation and smoothing the predicted velocity field with a Gaussian filter of
radius 300 km/s, we obtain beta = 0.42 +/- 0.04 (1 sigma uncertainty). This
value, as well as other parameters in the fit, are robust to varying the
smoothing radius to 500 km/s and splitting the sample into spherical shells in
redshift space. The one exception is the small-scale velocity dispersion,
sigma_v, which varies from 200 km/s within cz= 4000 km/s 500 km/s at larger
distance. For beta = 0.42, the residuals between the TF data and the PSCz
gravity field are uncorrelated, indicating that the model provides a good fit
to the data. More generally, a chi^2 statistic indicates that the PSCz model
velocity field provides an acceptable (3 sigma) fit to the data for 0.3 < beta
< 0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6313 </DOCNO>
A Novel Theory for High Temperature Superconductors considering


  We present a percolation theory for the high-$T_c$ oxides pseudogap and $T_c$
dependence on the hole level. The doping dependent inhomogeneous charge
structure is modeled by a distribution which may represent the stripe
morphology and yield a spatial distribution of local $T_c(r)$. The temperature
onset of spatial dependent superconducting gap is identified with the vanishing
of the pseudogap temperature $T^*$. The transition to a superconducting state
corresponds to the percolation threshold among regions of different $T_c$. As a
paradigm we use a Hubbard Hamiltonian with a mean field approximation to yield
a doping and temperature dependent superconducting d-wave gap. We show here
that this new approach reproduces the phase diagram, explains and gives new
insights on several experimental features of high-$T_c$ oxides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2167 </DOCNO>
Ergodicity of Stochastically Forced Large Scale Geophysical Flows


  We investigate the ergodicity of 2D large scale quasigeostrophic flows under
random wind forcing. We show that the quasigeostrophic flows are ergodic under
suitable conditions on the random forcing and on the fluid domain, and under no
restrictions on viscosity, Ekman constant or Coriolis parameter. When these
conditions are satisfied, then for any observable of the quasigeostrophic
flows, its time average approximates the statistical ensemble average, as long
as the time interval is sufficiently long.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6065 </DOCNO>
Grain boundary pinning and glassy dynamics in stripe phases


  We study numerically and analytically the coarsening of stripe phases in two
spatial dimensions, and show that transient configurations do not achieve long
ranged orientational order but rather evolve into glassy configurations with
very slow dynamics. In the absence of thermal fluctuations, defects such as
grain boundaries become pinned in an effective periodic potential that is
induced by the underlying periodicity of the stripe pattern itself. Pinning
arises without quenched disorder from the non-adiabatic coupling between the
slowly varying envelope of the order parameter around a defect, and its fast
variation over the stripe wavelength. The characteristic size of ordered
domains asymptotes to a finite value $R_g \sim \lambda_0\
\epsilon^{-1/2}\exp(|a|/\sqrt{\epsilon})$, where $\epsilon\ll 1$ is the
dimensionless distance away from threshold, $\lambda_0$ the stripe wavelength,
and $a$ a constant of order unity. Random fluctuations allow defect motion to
resume until a new characteristic scale is reached, function of the intensity
of the fluctuations. We finally discuss the relationship between defect pinning
and the coarsening laws obtained in the intermediate time regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128705 </DOCNO>
Searching for Pulsars in Close Binary Systems


  We present a detailed mathematical analysis of the Fourier response of binary
pulsar signals whose frequencies are modulated by circular orbital motion. The
fluctuation power spectrum of such signals is found to be \nu_orb-periodic over
a compact frequency range, where \nu_orb denotes orbital frequency.
Subsequently, we consider a wide range of binary systems with circular orbits
and short orbital periods, and present a Partial Coherence Recovery Technique
for searching for binary millisecond X-ray and radio pulsars. We use numerical
simulations to investigate the detectability of pulsars in such systems with
P_orb ~ 6 hours, using this technique and three widely used pulsar search
methods. These simulations demonstrate that the Partial Coherence Recovery
Technique is on average several times more sensitive at detecting pulsars in
close binary systems when the data span is more than 2 orbital periods. The
systems one may find using such a method can be used to improve the constraints
on the coalescence rate of compact objects and they also represent those
systems most likely to be detected with gravitational wave detectors such as
LISA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72713 </DOCNO>
On the Ambiguity of the Solution of the Muskhelishvili-Omnes Integral


  The solution of the Muskhelishvili-Omnes Integral Equation is ambiguous by a
real polynomial. The coefficients of this polynomial can be fixed either by the
knowledge of the low energy parameters or by the asymptotic behavior of the
form factor. The role of the contact terms of the low energy effective
Lagrangian is explicitly analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6299 </DOCNO>
Optimal Fluctuations and Tail States of non-Hermitian Operators


  A statistical field theory is developed to explore the density of states and
spatial profile of `tail states' at the edge of the spectral support of a
general class of disordered non-Hermitian operators. These states, which are
identified with symmetry broken, instanton field configurations of the theory,
are closely related to localized sub-gap states recently identified in
disordered superconductors. By focusing separately on the problems of a quantum
particle propagating in a random imaginary scalar potential, and a random
imaginary vector potential, we discuss the methodology of our approach and the
universality of the results. Finally, we address potential physical
applications of our findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125568 </DOCNO>
The Physics of Protoneutron Star Winds: Implications for r-Process


  We solve the general-relativistic steady-state eigenvalue problem of
neutrino-driven protoneutron star winds, which immediately follow core-collapse
supernova explosions. We provide velocity, density, temperature, and
composition profiles and explore the systematics and structures generic to such
a wind for a variety of protoneutron star characteristics. Furthermore, we
derive the entropy, dynamical timescale, and neutron-to-seed ratio in the
general relativistic framework essential in assessing this site as a candidate
for $r$-process nucleosynthesis. Generally, we find that for a given mass
outflow rate ($\dot{M}$), the dynamical timescale of the wind is significantly
shorter than previously thought. We argue against the existence or viability of
a high entropy ($\gtrsim300$ per k$_{B}$ per baryon), long dynamical timescale
$r$-process epoch. In support of this conclusion, we model the protoneutron
star cooling phase, calculate nucleosynthetic yields in our steady-state
profiles, and estimate the integrated mass loss. We find that transonic winds
enter a high entropy phase only with very low $\dot{M}$
($\lesssim1\times10^{-9}$ M$_\odot$ s$^{-1}$) and extremely long dynamical
timescale ($\tau_\rho\gtrsim0.5$ seconds). Our results support the possible
existence of an early $r$-process epoch at modest entropy ($\sim150$) and very
short dynamical timescale, consistent in our calculations with a very massive
or very compact protoneutron star that contracts rapidly after the preceding
supernova. We explore possible modifications to our models, which might yield
significant $r$-process nucleosynthesis generically. Finally, we speculate on
the effect of fallback and shocks on both the wind physics and nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84064 </DOCNO>
Computing the average parallelism in trace monoids


  The {\em height} of a trace is the height of the corresponding heap of pieces
in Viennot's representation, or equivalently the number of factors in its
Cartier-Foata decomposition. Let $h(t)$ and $|t|$ stand respectively for the
height and the length of a trace $t$. Roughly speaking, $|t|$ is the
`sequential' execution time and $h(t)$ is the `parallel' execution time. We
prove that the bivariate commutative series $\sum_t x^{h(t)}y^{|t|}$ is
rational, and we give a finite representation of it. We use the rationality to
obtain precise information on the asymptotics of the number of traces of a
given height or length. Then, we study the average height of a trace for
various probability distributions on traces. For the uniform probability
distribution on traces of the same length (resp. of the same height), the
asymptotic average height (resp. length) exists and is an algebraic number. To
illustrate our results and methods, we consider a couple of examples: the free
commutative monoid and the trace monoid whose independence graph is the ladder
graph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127438 </DOCNO>
Molecular ions in L1544. I. Kinematics


  We have mapped the dense dark core L1544 in H13CO+(1-0), DCO+(2-1),
DCO+(3-2), N2H+(1-0), NTH+(3-2), N2D+(2-1), N2D+(3-2), C18O(1-0), and C17O(1-0)
using the IRAM 30-m telescope. We have obtained supplementary observations of
HC18O+(1-0), HC17O+(1-0), and D13CO+(2-1). Many of the observed maps show a
general correlation with the distribution of dust continuum emission in
contrast to C18O(1-0) and C17O(1-0) which give clear evidence for depletion of
CO at positions close to the continuum peak. In particular N2D+(2-1) and (3-2)
and to a lesser extent N2H+(1-0) appear to be excellent tracers of the dust
continuum. We find that the tracers of high density gas (in particular N2D+)
show a velocity gradient along the minor axis of the L1544 core and that there
is evidence for larger linewidths close to the dust emission peak. We interpret
this using the model of the L1544 proposed by Ciolek & Basu (2000) and by
comparing the observed velocities with those expected on the basis of their
model. The results show reasonable agreement between observations and model in
that the velocity gradient along the minor axis and the line broadening toward
the center of L1544 are predicted by the model. This is evidence in favour of
the idea that amipolar diffusion across field lines is one of the basic
processes leading to gravitational collapse. However, line widths are
significantly narrower than observed and are better reproduced by the Myers &
Zweibel (2001) model which considers the quasistatic vertical contraction of a
layer due to dissipation of its Alfvenic turbulence, indicating the importance
of this process for cores in the verge of forming a star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149467 </DOCNO>
Scattering amplitude and shift in self-energy in medium


  Two simple proofs are presented for the first order virial expansion of the
self-energy of a particle moving through a medium, characterised by temperature
and/or chemical potential(s). One is based on the virial expansion of the
self-energy operator itself, while the other is on the analysis of its Feynman
diagrams in configuration space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126887 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Broad Emission Line Regions in Supernova-QSO Wind


  We show that a cooled region of shocked supernova ejecta forms in a type II
supernova-QSO wind interaction, and has a density, an ionization parameter, and
a column density compatible with those inferred for the high ionization
component of the broad emission line regions in QSOs. The calculations are
based on the assumption that the ejecta flow is described initially by a
similarity solution investigated by Chevalier (1982) and Nadyozhin (1985) and
is spherically symmetric. Heating and cooling appropriate for gas irradiated by
a nearby powerful continuum source is included in our model, together with
reasonable assumptions for the properties of the QSO wind. The model results
are also in agreement with observational correlations and imply reasonable
supernova rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2173 </DOCNO>
Universal Finite-Size Effects in the Two-Dimensional Asymmetric Coulomb


  We consider an asymmetric version of a two-dimensional Coulomb gas, made up
of two species of pointlike particles with positive $+1$ and negative -1/Q $(Q
= 1, 2, ...)$ charges; Q=1 corresponds to the symmetric two-component plasma
and the limiting case $Q\to\infty$ is related to the one-component plasma. The
system lives on the surface of a sphere, and it is studied in both canonical
and grand-canonical ensembles. By combining the method of stereographic
projection of the sphere onto an infinite plane with the technique of a
renormalized Mayer series expansion it is explicitly shown that the finite-size
expansions of the free energy and of the grand potential have the same
universal term, independent of model's details. As a by-product, the collapse
temperature and the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition point (in the limit of a
vanishing hard-core attached to particles) are conjectured for any value of
$Q$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1028 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear ER effects in an ac applied field


  The electric field used in most electrorheological (ER) experiments is
usually quite high, and nonlinear ER effects have been theoretically predicted
and experimentally measured recently. A direct method of measuring the
nonlinear ER effects is to examine the frequency dependence of the same
effects. For a sinusoidal applied field, we calculate the ac response which
generally includes higher harmonics. In is work, we develop a multiple image
formula, and calculate the total dipole moments of a pair of dielectric
spheres, embedded in a nonlinear host. The higher harmonics due to the
nonlinearity are calculated systematically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72911 </DOCNO>
$V_{cs}$ from Pure Leptonic Decays of $D_s$ with Radiative Corrections


  The radiative corrections to the pure leptonic decay $D_s{\longrightarrow}
{\ell}{{\nu}}_{\ell}$ up-to one-loop order is presented. We find the virtual
photon loop corrections to $D_s{\longrightarrow} {\tau}{{\nu}}_{\tau}$ is
negative and the corresponding branching ratio is larger than $3.51\times
10^{-3}$. Considering the possible experimental resolutions, our prediction of
the radiative decay $D_s{\longrightarrow} {\tau}{{\nu}}_{\tau}\gamma$ is not so
large as others, and the best radiative channel to determine the $V_{cs}$ or
$f_{D_s}$ is $D_s{\longrightarrow} {\mu}{{\nu}}_{\mu}{\gamma}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6821 </DOCNO>
Interpreting Compton anisotropy of ice Ih: a cluster partitioning method


  We propose a simple cluster-based method with application to calculations of
Compton profile anisotropies of ice. The convergence of the method is checked
with respect to Crystal95 results. Increasing both basis-set quality and
cluster sizes results in a decrease of the magnitude of theoretical Compton
anisotropies. The agreement with experimental data is therefore improved
towards previously calculated anisotropies. Moreover, analyzing directional
autocorrelation functions shows an evidence for both anti-bonding and
polarization effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168713 </DOCNO>
Trapped-Atom-Interferometer in a Magnetic Microtrap


  We propose a configuration of a magnetic microtrap which can be used as an
interferometer for three-dimensionally trapped atoms. The interferometer is
realized via a dynamic splitting potential that transforms from a single well
into two separate wells and back. The ports of the interferometer are
neighboring vibrational states in the single well potential. We present a
one-dimensional model of this interferometer and compute the probability of
unwanted vibrational excitations for a realistic magnetic potential. We
optimize the speed of the splitting process in order suppress these excitations
and conclude that such interferometer device should be feasible with currently
available microtrap technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114470 </DOCNO>
Quasilinearization approach to quantum mechanics


  The quasilinearization method (QLM) of solving nonlinear differential
equations is applied to the quantum mechanics by casting the Schr\"{o}dinger
equation in the nonlinear Riccati form. The method, whose mathematical basis in
physics was discussed recently by one of the present authors (VBM), approaches
the solution of a nonlinear differential equation by approximating the
nonlinear terms by a sequence of the linear ones, and is not based on the
existence of some kind of a small parameter. It is shown that the
quasilinearization method gives excellent results when applied to computation
of ground and excited bound state energies and wave functions for a variety of
the potentials in quantum mechanics most of which are not treatable with the
help of the perturbation theory or the 1/N expansion scheme. The convergence of
the QLM expansion of both energies and wave functions for all states is very
fast and already the first few iterations yield extremely precise results. The
precison of the wave function is typically only one digit inferior to that of
the energy. In addition it is verified that the QLM approximations, unlike the
asymptotic series in the perturbation theory and the 1/N expansions are not
divergent at higher orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127709 </DOCNO>
The evolution of AGNs in the Hard X-Rays and the Infrared


  We present the estimate of the evolution of type 1 AGNs in the hard (2-10
keV) X-rays drawn from the HELLAS survey, and in the IR (15um) obtained from
the ELAIS survey. We find that the local luminosity function (LF) of AGN1 in
the 2-10 keV band is fairly well represented by a double-power-law-function.
There is evidence for significant cosmological evolution according to a pure
luminosity evolution model Lx(z)~(1+z)^k, with k=2.12 and k=2.19 in a
(Omega_m,Omega_lambda)=(1.0,0.0) and in a (Omega_m,Omega_lambda)=(0.3,0.7)
cosmology respectively. In a (Omega_m,Omega_lambda)=(1.0,0.0) Universe the data
show an excess of faint high redshift type 1 AGN which is well modeled by a
luminosity dependent density evolution, similarly to what observed in the soft
X-rays. In the IR band, with a (Omega_m,Omega_lambda)=(1.0,0.0) cosmology, the
evolution found is similar to what observed in other wavebands, the LF is a
double-power-law-function with a bright slope 2.9 and a faint slope 1.1,
following a luminosity evolution model L(z)~(1+z)^3.0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 182 </DOCNO>
Ground state and far-infrared absorption of two-electron rings in a


  Motivated by recent experiments [A. Lorke {\em et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett.\
{\bf 84}, 2223 (2000)] an analysis of the ground state and far-infrared
absorption of two electrons confined in a quantum ring is presented. The height
of the repulsive central barrier in the confining potential is shown to
influence in an important way the ring properties. The experiments are best
explained assuming the presence of both high- and low-barrier quantum rings in
the sample. The formation of a two-electron Wigner molecule in certain cases is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6397 </DOCNO>
On the transverse mode of an atom laser


  The transverse mode of an atom laser beam that is outcoupled from a
Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated and is found to be strongly determined
by the mean--field interaction of the laser beam with the condensate. Since for
repulsive interactions the geometry of the coupling scheme resembles an
interferometer in momentum space, the beam is found show filamentation.
Observation of this effect would prove the transverse coherence of an atom
laser beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73184 </DOCNO>
On High-Energy Behavior of Cross Sections in Theories with Large Extra


  We discuss the high-energy behavior of cross sections in theories with large
extra dimensions and low-scale quantum gravity, addressing two particular
issues: (i) the tension of the D-branes, and (ii) bounds on the cross section
and their relation to approximations in the mode sum over Kaluza-Klein-graviton
exchanges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5409 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic resonance in periodic particle arrays


  We report measurements of the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectra of arrays
of submicron size periodic particle arrays of permalloy produced by
electron-beam lithography. In contrast to plane ferromagnetic films, the
spectra of the arrays show a number of additional resonance peaks, whose
position depends strongly on the orientation of the external magnetic field and
the interparticle interaction. Time-dependent micromagnetic simulation of the
ac response show that these peaks are associated with coupled exchange and
dipolar spin wave modes

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 331 </DOCNO>
Structural Relaxation, Self Diffusion and Kinetic Heterogeneity in the


  We present Monte Carlo simulation results on the equilibrium relaxation
dynamics in the two dimensional lattice Coulomb gas, where finite fraction $f$
of the lattice sites are occupied by positive charges. In the case of high
order rational values of $f$ close to the irrational number $1-g$
($g\equiv(\sqrt{5} -1)/2$ is the golden mean), we find that the system
exhibits, for wide range of temperatures above the first-order transition, a
glassy behavior resembling the primary relaxation of supercooled liquids.
Single particle diffusion and structural relaxation show that there exists a
breakdown of proportionality between the time scale of diffusion and that of
structural relaxation analogous to the violation of the Stokes-Einstein
relation in supercooled liquids. Suitably defined dynamic cooperativity is
calculated to exhibit the characteristic nature of dynamic heterogeneity
present in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123983 </DOCNO>
Magnetically Collimated Jets with High Mass Flux


  Recent numerical simulations and analytical models of magnetically collimated
plasma outflows from a uniformly rotating central gravitating object and/or a
Keplerian accretion disk have shown that relatively low mass and magnetic
fluxes reside in the produced jet. Observations however indicate that in some
cases, as in jets of YSO's, the collimated outflow carries higher fluxes than
these simulations predict. A solution to this problem is proposed here by
assuming that jets with high mass flux originate in a central source which
produces a noncollimated outflow provided that this source is surrounded by a
rapidly rotating accretion disk. The relatively faster rotating disk produces a
collimated wind which then forces all the enclosed outflow from the central
source to be collimated too. This conclusion is confirmed by self-consistent
numerical solutions of the full set of the MHD equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74396 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in a Supersymmetric SO(10) x U(2)_{F} Model


  A model based on SUSY SO(10) combined with U(2) family symmetry constructed
recently by the authors is generalized to include phases in the mass matrices
leading to CP violation. In contrast with the commonly used effective operator
approach, $\bar{126}$-dimensional Higgs fields are utilized to construct the
Yukawa sector. R-parity symmetry is thus preserved at low energies. The
symmetric mass textures arising from the left-right symmetry breaking chain of
SO(10) give rise to very good predictions for quark and lepton masses and
mixings. The prediction for $\sin 2\beta$ agrees with the average of current
bounds from BaBar and Belle. In the neutrino sector, our predictions are in
good agreement with results from atmospheric neutrino experiments. Our model
favors both the LOW and QVO solutions to the solar neutrino anomaly; the matrix
element for neutrinoless double beta decay is highly suppressed. The leptonic
analog of the Jarlskog invariant, $J_{CP}^{l}$, is predicted to be of
$O(10^{-2})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75264 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Analysis of B->PP Decays with QCD Factorization


  In this paper, we study nonleptonic charmless B decays to two light
pseudoscalar mesons within the frame of QCD factorization, including the
contributions from the chirally enhanced power corrections and weak
annihilation. Predictions for the CP-averaged branching ratios and CP-violating
asymmetries are given. Within the reasonable range of the parameters, we find
that our predictions for the branching ratios of B -> PP are consistent with
the present experimental data. But because of the logarithmic divergences at
the endpoints in the hard spectator scatterings and weak annihilation, there
are still large uncertainties in these predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124201 </DOCNO>
Optical Observations of Core-Collapse Supernovae


  I present an overview of optical observations (mostly spectra) of Type II,
Ib, and Ic supernovae (SNe). SNe II are defined by the presence of hydrogen,
and exhibit a very wide variety of properties. SNe II-L tend to show evidence
of late-time interaction with circumstellar material. SNe IIn are distinguished
by relatively narrow emission lines with little or no P-Cygni absorption
component and (quite often) slowly declining light curves; they probably have
unusually dense circumstellar gas with which the ejecta interact. Some SNe IIn,
however, might not be genuine SNe, but rather are ``impostors'' ---
specifically, super-outbursts of luminous blue variables. SNe Ib do not exhibit
the deep 6150 Angstrom absorption characteristic of ``classical'' SNe Ia;
instead, their early-time spectra have He I absorption lines. SNe Ic appear
similar to SNe Ib, but lack the helium lines as well. Spectra of SNe IIb
initially exhibit hydrogen, yet gradually evolve to resemble those of SNe Ib;
their progenitors seem to contain only a low-mass skin of hydrogen.
Spectropolarimetry thus far indicates large asymmetries in the ejecta of SNe
IIn, but much smaller ones in SNe II-P. As one peers deeper into the ejecta of
core-collapse SNe, the asymmetry (indicated by the amount of polarization)
seems to increase. There is intriguing, but inconclusive, evidence that some
peculiar SNe IIn might be associated with gamma-ray bursts. The rates of
different kinds of SNe as a function of Hubble type are still relatively poorly
known, although there are good prospects for future improvement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174855 </DOCNO>
Differential Elliptic Flow in 2 - 6 AGeV Au+Au Collisions: A New


  Proton elliptic flow is studied as a function of impact-parameter $b$, for
two transverse momentum cuts in 2 - 6 AGeV Au + Au collisions. The elliptic
flow shows an essentially linear dependence on b (for $1.5 < b < 8$ fm) with a
negative slope at 2 AGeV, a positive slope at 6 AGeV and a near zero slope at 4
AGeV. These dependencies serve as an important constraint for discriminating
between various equations of state (EOS) for high density nuclear matter, and
they provide important insights on the interplay between collision geometry and
the expansion dynamics. Extensive comparisons of the measured and calculated
differential flows provide further evidence for a softening of the EOS between
2 and 6 GeV/nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74714 </DOCNO>
Pion Pair Production with Higher Order Radiative Corrections in Low


  The complete one-loop QED initial state, final state and initial--final state
interference corrections to the process e+e- -> pi+pi- are presented. Analytic
formulae are given for the virtual and for the real photon corrections. The
total cross section, the pion angular distribution and the pi+pi- invariant
mass distribution are investigated in the regime of experimentally realistic
kinematical cuts. It is shown that in addition to the full one-loop corrections
also two-loop initial state corrections and even the resummation of higher
order soft photon logarithms can be necessary if at least per cent accuracy is
required. For the data analysis we focus on an inclusive treatment of all
photons. The theoretical error concerning our treatment of radiative
corrections is then estimated to be less than 2 per mille for both the
measurement of the total cross section and the pi+pi- invariant mass
distribution. In addition we discuss the model uncertainty due to the pion
substructure. Altogether the precision of the theoretical prediction matches
the requirements of low energy e+e- experiments like the ones going on at DAFNE
or VEPP-2M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148314 </DOCNO>
Massless particles of any spin obey linear equations of motion


  The proof is presented that the Poincare symmetry determines the equations of
motion for massless particles of any spin in 2n-dimensional spaces, which are
linear in the momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150147 </DOCNO>
The relativistic J-matrix theory of scattering: an analytic solution


  The relativistic J-matrix is investigated in the case of Coulomb-free
scattering for a general short-range spin-dependent perturbing potential and in
two different L2 bases. The resulting recursion relation of the reference
problem, in this case, has an analytic solution. The non-relativistic limit is
obtained and shown to be identical to the familiar non-relativistic J-matrix.
Scattering examples are given to verify the non-relativistic limit and
calculate the relativistic effects in the phase shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4187 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetism and Superconductivity in a Model with Extended


  The competition between antiferromagnetism and the $d+id$ superconducting
state is studied in a model with near and next near neighbour interactions in
the absence of any on-site repulsion. A mean field study shows that it is
possible to have simultaneous occurrence of an antiferromagnetic and a singlet
$d+id$ superconducting state in this model. In addition, such a coexistence
generates a triplet $d+id$ superconducting order parameter with centre of mass
momentum $Q=(\pi, \pi)$ {\it dynamically} having the same orbital symmetry as
the singlet superconductor. Inclusion of next nearest neighbour hopping in the
band stabilises the $d_{xy}$ superconducting state away from half filling, the
topology of the phase diagram, though, remains similar to the near neighbour
model. In view of the very recent observation of a broad region of coexistence
of antiferrmagnetic and unconventional superconducting states in organic
superconductors, the possibility of observation of the triplet state has been
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81454 </DOCNO>
Properties of the renormalized quark mass in the Schrodinger functional


  We compute the current quark mass in the Schrodinger functional with a
non-vanishing background field at one loop order of perturbation theory. The
results are used to obtain the critical mass at which the renormalized quark
mass vanishes, and some lattice artefacts at one loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4752 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Bohm ring with fluctuating flux


  We consider a non-interacting system of electrons on a clean one-channel
Aharonov-Bohm ring which is threaded by a fluctuating magnetic flux. The flux
derives from a Caldeira-Leggett bath of harmonic oscillators. We address the
influence of the bath on the following properties: one- and two-particle
Green's functions, dephasing, persistent current and visibility of the
Aharonov-Bohm effect in cotunneling transport through the ring. For the bath
spectra considered here (including Nyquist noise of an external coil), we find
no dephasing in the linear transport regime at zero temperature.
  PACS numbers: 73.23.-b, 73.23.Hk, 73.23.Ra, 03.65.Yz

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6224 </DOCNO>
On the role of electron-phonon interaction in the resistance anisotropy


  A contribution of the electron-phonon interaction into the energy of a
unidirectional charge ordered state (stripe phase) of two-dimensional electrons
in GaAs heterostructures is analyzed. The dependence of the energy on the
direction of the electron density modulation is calculated. It is shown that in
electrons layers situated close to the (001) surface the interference between
the piezoelectric and the deformation potential interaction causes a
preferential orientation of the stripes along the [110] axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124507 </DOCNO>
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - 10K@2K!


  With ~10000 QSO redshifts, the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ) is already the
biggest individual QSO survey. The aim for the survey is to have ~25000 QSO
redshifts, providing an order of magnitude increase in QSO clustering
statistics. We first describe the observational parameters of the 2dF QSO
survey. We then describe several highlights of the survey so far; we present
new estimates of the QSO luminosity function and the QSO correlation function.
We also present the first estimate of the QSO power spectrum from the 2QZ
catalogue, probing the form of the fluctuation power-spectrum out to the
\~1000h-1Mpc scales only previously probed by COBE. We find a power spectrum
which is steeper than the prediction of standard CDM and more consistent with
the prediction of Lambda-CDM. The best-fit value for the power spectrum shape
parameter for a range of cosmologies is Gamma=0.1+-0.1. Finally, we discuss how
the complete QSO survey will be able to constrain the value of Omega_Lambda by
combining results from the evolution of QSO clustering and from a geometric
test of clustering isotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76994 </DOCNO>
Heavy Ions Interpretation of Highest Energy Cosmic Rays


  A brief review of the energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays above $10^{10}$
eV and the measurement techniques used to investigate the ultra high energy
ones is given. This is followed by a discussion of the atmospheric shower
profile of the highest energy event observed using the Fly's Eye detector.
Finally, cosmic ray simulation tools are discussed and used to investigate the
heavy ion interpretation of the highest energy primary. The best way to
contribute further to the understanding of this issue is by the collection of
new and better data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124937 </DOCNO>
Extremely red radio galaxies


  At least half the radio galaxies at z>1 in the 7C Redshift Survey have
extremely red colours (R-K>5), consistent with stellar populations which formed
at high redshift (z>5). We discuss the implications of this for the evolution
of massive galaxies in general and for the fraction of near-IR-selected EROs
which host AGN, a result which is now being tested by deep, hard X-ray surveys.
The conclusion is that many massive galaxies undergo at least two active
phases: one at z~5 when the black hole and stellar bulge formed and another at
z~1-2 when activity is triggered by an event such as an interaction or merger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6725 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Coulomb-correlated electron-hole pairs in disordered


  The dynamics of optically generated electron-hole pairs is investigated in a
disordered semiconductor nanowire. The particle pairs are generated by short
laser pulses and their dynamics is followed using the Heisenberg equation of
motion. Is is shown that Coulomb-correlation acts against localization in the
case of the two-interacting particles (TIP) problem. Furthermore, currents are
generated using a coherent combination of full-gap and half-gap pulses. The
subsequent application of a full-gap pulse after time $\tau$ produces an
intraband echo phenomenon $2\tau$ time later. The echo current is shown to
depend on the mass ratio between the electrons and the holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125364 </DOCNO>
Second Parameter Effects in and between M3 and Palomar 3


  We study the globular clusters M3 and Palomar 3 as a "second parameter (2ndP)
pair," showing that:
  i) M3 has a surprisingly strong *internal* 2ndP;
  ii) The dispersion in mass on the Pal 3 horizontal branch (HB) is
intrinsically very small, leading to the most apparent differences in 
HB morphology between M3 and Pal 3;
  iii) Ignoring the difference in HB mass dispersion between M3 and Pal 3,
their relative HB types can be accounted for by a fairly small difference in age,
of order 0.5-1 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6059 </DOCNO>
The Collapse of the Spin-Singlet Phase in Quantum Dots


  We present experimental and theoretical results on a new regime in quantum
dots in which the filling factor 2 singlet state is replaced by new spin
polarized phases. We make use of spin blockade spectroscopy to identify the
transition to this new regime as a function of the number of electrons. The key
experimental observation is a reversal of the phase in the systematic
oscillation of the amplitude of Coulomb blockade peaks as the number of
electrons is increased above a critical number. It is found theoretically that
correlations are crucial to the existence of the new phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5087 </DOCNO>
Highly Anisotropic Gap Function in Borocarbide Superconductor LuNi_2B_2C


  The thermal conductivity of borocarbide superconductor LuNi_2B_2C was
measured down to 70 mK (T_c/200) in a magnetic field perpendicular to the heat
current from H = 0 to above H_c2 = 7 T. As soon as vortices enter the sample,
the conduction at T -> 0 grows rapidly, showing unambiguously that delocalized
quasiparticles are present at the lowest energies. The field dependence is very
similar to that of UPt_3, a heavy-fermion superconductor with a line of nodes
in the gap, and very different from the exponential dependence characteristic
of s-wave superconductors. This is strong evidence for a highly anisotropic gap
function in LuNi_2B_2C, possibly with nodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148782 </DOCNO>
Single-channel correlators and residue calculus


  Some simple (namely, single-channel) correlation functions involving an
arbitrary number of fields are computed by means of a direct application of the
residue calculus, through partial fraction expansions. Examples are presented
in minimal models and parafermionic conformal theories. A generic factorized
expression is deduced for the corresponding single-channel structure constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1669 </DOCNO>
Multispin Ising spin glasses with ferromagnetic interactions


  We consider the thermodynamics of an infinite-range Ising p-spin glass model
with an additional r-spin ferromagnetic interaction. For r=2 there is a
continuous transition to a ferromagnetic phase, while for r>2 the transition is
first order. We find both glassy and non-glassy ferromagnetic phases, with
replica symmetry breaking of both the one step and full varieties. We obtain
new results for the case where r=p>2, demonstrating the existence of a
non-glassy ferromagnetic phase, of significance to error-correcting codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83688 </DOCNO>
File mapping Rule-based DBMS and Natural Language Processing


  This paper describes the system of storage, extract and processing of
information structured similarly to the natural language. For recursive
inference the system uses the rules having the same representation, as the
data. The environment of storage of information is provided with the File
Mapping (SHM) mechanism of operating system. In the paper the main principles
of construction of dynamic data structure and language for record of the
inference rules are stated; the features of available implementation are
considered and the description of the application realizing semantic
information retrieval on the natural language is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74504 </DOCNO>
Scaling in $\gamma^* p$ total cross sections and the generalized vector


  The scaling in $\sigma_{\gamma^*p}$ cross sections (for $Q^2/W^2 << 1$) in
terms of the scaling variable $\eta = (Q^2 + m^2_0)/\Lambda^2 (W^2)$ is
interpreted in the generalized vector dominance/color-dipole picture (GVD/CDP).
The quantity $\Lambda^2 (W^2)$ is identified as the average gluon transverse
momentum absorbed by the $q \bar q$ state, $<\vec l^{~2}> = (1/6) \Lambda^2
(W^2)$. At any $Q^2$, for $W^2 \to \infty$,the cross sections for virtual and
real photons became universal, $\sigma_{\gamma^*p}(W^2,Q^2)/\sigma_{\gamma
p}(W^2) \to 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6728 </DOCNO>
The transverse breathing mode of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate


  We study experimentally the transverse monopole mode of an elongated rubidium
condensate. Due to the scaling invariance of the non-linear Schr\"odinger
(Gross-Pitaevski) equation, the oscillation is monochromatic and sinusoidal at
short times, even under strong excitation. For ultra-low temperatures, the
quality factor $Q=\omega_0/\gamma_0$ can exceed 2000, where $\omega_0$ and
$\gamma_0$ are the mode angular frequency and damping rate. This value is much
larger than any previously reported for other eigenmodes of a condensate. We
also present the temperature variation of $\omega_0$ and $\gamma_0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4650 </DOCNO>
Susceptibility amplitude ratio in the two-dimensional three-state Potts


  We analyze Monte Carlo simulation and series-expansion data for the
susceptibility of the three-state Potts model in the critical region. The
amplitudes of the susceptibility on the high- and the low-temperature sides of
the critical point as extracted from the Monte Carlo data are in good agreement
with those obtained from the series expansions and their (universal) ratio
compares quite well with a recent quantum field theory prediction by Delfino
and Cardy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96358 </DOCNO>
Quantum and Braided Integrals


  We give a pedagogical introduction to integration techniques appropriate for
non-commutative spaces while presenting some new results as well. A rather
detailed discussion outlines the motivation for adopting the Hopf algebra
language. We then present some trace formulas for the integral on Hopf algebras
and show how to treat the $\int 1=0$ case. We extend the discussion to braided
Hopf algebras relying on diagrammatic techniques. The use of the general
formulas is illustrated by explicitly worked out examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148247 </DOCNO>
On D0 brane polarization by tidal forces


  Gravitational tidal forces may induce polarization of D0 branes, in analogy
to the same effects arising in the context of constant background gauge fields.
Such phenomena can teach us about the correspondence between smooth curved
spacetime and its underlying non-commutative structure. However, unlike
polarization by gauge fields, the gravitational counterpart involves concerns
regarding the classical stability of the corresponding polarized states. In
this work, we study this issue with respect to the solutions presented in
hep-th/0010237 and find that they are classically unstable. The instability
however appears with intricate features with all but a few decay channels being
lifted. Through a detailed analysis, we then argue that these polarized states
may be expected to be long-lived in a regime where the string coupling is small
and the number of D0 branes is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74477 </DOCNO>
Power Corrections in Deep Inelastic Scattering and Non-perturbative


  In this thesis, we have investigated the higher twist structure functions in
the recently developed method based on light-front Hamiltonian QCD. Because of
various special properties of light-front QCD, this is a more intuitive
approach towards deep inelastic scattering but has a well defined field
theoretic calculational procedure. Because our method is different from the
conventional one, we have obtained various new results. Also, it is easier to
explore many aspects which are difficult to understand in the conventional way.
The structure functions, twist four $F_L$ and $g_T$ contain non-trivial
interaction dependence in the operator structure and therefore involve
quark-gluon dynamics. We have shown that the intergrals of these are directly
related to the light-front Hamiltonian density and transverse spin operator
respectively. These are non-perturbative relations. We have also renormalized
the twist four longitudinal structure function and the full transverse spin
operator respectively upto one loop in light-front Hamiltonian perturbation
theory. We have investigated twist four $F_L$ for bound states like a meson in
1+1 dimensional QCD and for a positronium in 3+1 dimensional QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73645 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the extraction of freeze-out parameters


  I review the extraction of kinetic and chemical freeze-out parameters from
experimental data, with particular emphasis on the underlying assumptions and
the validity of the conclusions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83604 </DOCNO>
Secure, Efficient Data Transport and Replica Management for


  An emerging class of data-intensive applications involve the geographically
dispersed extraction of complex scientific information from very large
collections of measured or computed data. Such applications arise, for example,
in experimental physics, where the data in question is generated by
accelerators, and in simulation science, where the data is generated by
supercomputers. So-called Data Grids provide essential infrastructure for such
applications, much as the Internet provides essential services for applications
such as e-mail and the Web. We describe here two services that we believe are
fundamental to any Data Grid: reliable, high-speed transporet and replica
management. Our high-speed transport service, GridFTP, extends the popular FTP
protocol with new features required for Data Grid applciations, such as
striping and partial file access. Our replica management service integrates a
replica catalog with GridFTP transfers to provide for the creation,
registration, location, and management of dataset replicas. We present the
design of both services and also preliminary performance results. Our
implementations exploit security and other services provided by the Globus
Toolkit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2931 </DOCNO>
Wave function correlations on the ballistic scale: Exploring quantum


  We study the statistics of wave functions in a ballistic chaotic system. The
statistical ensemble is generated by adding weak smooth disorder. The
conjecture of Gaussian fluctuations of wave functions put forward by Berry and
generalized by Hortikar and Srednicki is proven to hold on sufficiently short
distances, while it is found to be strongly violated on larger scales. This
also resolves the conflict between the above conjecture and the wave function
normalization. The method is further used to study ballistic correlations of
wave functions in a random magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113640 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical interaction between a shock wave and a cloud. One


  The collision of a plane parallel shock wave with a plane parallel cloud of
uniform density is analysed for the case in which magnetic fields and radiative
losses are not considered. General analytic solutions are discussed for the
case in which the density of the cloud is greater than that of the surrounding
environment. This problem generalises one of the classical problems in gas
dynamics: the collision between a shock wave and a solid wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123422 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Absorption in Radio-Selected QSOs


  Moderate resolution spectra have been recorded for a sample of radio-selected
QSOs (z=2.5) discovered in the ``Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty
centimeters'' (FIRST) VLA survey. This work is motivated by the study of a
heterogeneous set of QSO absorption line spectra that showed that as many as
36% of the absorbers normally thought to be intergalactic are correlated with
physical properties of the background QSO, including the radio source spectral
index. Spectra were taken for 24 newly discovered quasars in order to test this
finding on a more homogeneous data set. The spectra have been searched for the
most frequently observed absorption lines. The absorption line properties are
compared to the radio properties of the quasars. The primary results are
summarized as follows: 1) an excess of CIV absorbers in flat-spectrum quasars
as compared to steep-spectrum quasars is confirmed (based on a total sample of
165 systems), 2) a small excess of high-velocity CIV absorbers is seen in
radio-quiet QSOs as compared to radio-loud quasars, and 3) the Sloan Digital
Sky Survey QSO spectra will allow for the detection of a high-velocity, narrow,
intrinsic population of absorbers that is as small as 7% of the CIV absorber
population in QSOs at z=2.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2867 </DOCNO>
Order in the Heisenberg Pyrochlore: The Magnetic Structure of Gd2Ti2O7


  The rare earth pyrochlore material Gd2Ti2O7 is considered to be an ideal
model frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet with additional dipolar
interactions. For this system there are several untested theoretical
predictions of the ground state ordering pattern. Here we establish the
magnetic structure of isotopically enriched (160)Gd2Ti2O7, using powder neutron
diffraction at a temperature of 50 mK. The magnetic structure at this
temperature is a partially ordered, non-collinear antiferromagnetic structure,
with propagation vector k= 1/2 1/2 1/2. It can be described as a set of "q=0"
ordered kagome planes separated by zero interstitial moments. This magnetic
structure agrees with theory only in part, leaving an interesting problem for
future research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85949 </DOCNO>
Spin and Rotation in General Relativity


  Rapporteur's Introduction to the GT8 session of the Ninth Marcel Grossmann
Meeting (Rome, 2000); to appear in the Proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75525 </DOCNO>
The $\mu^-d$ capture rate in effective field theory


  Muon capture on the deuteron is studied in heavy baryon chiral perturbation
theory (HBChPT). It is found that by far the dominant contribution to $\mu d$
capture comes from a region of the final three-body phase-space in which the
energy of the two neutrons is sufficiently small for HBChPT to be applicable.
The single unknown low-energy constant having been fixed from the tritium beta
decay rate, our calculation contains no free parameter. Our estimate of the
$\mu d$ capture rate is consistent with the existing data. The relation between
$\mu d$ capture and the $\nu d$ reactions, which are important for the SNO
experiments, is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86650 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos in a vacuum dominated cosmology


  We explore the dynamics of neutrinos in a vacuum dominated cosmology. First
we show that such a geometry will induce a phase change in the eigenstates of a
massive neutrino and we calculate the phase change. We also calculate the delay
in the neutrino flight times in this geometry. Applying our results to the
presently observed background vacuum energy density, we find that for neutrino
sources further than $1.5 Gpc$ away both effects become non-trivial, being of
the order of the standard relativistic corrections. Such sources are within the
obsevable Hubble Deep Field. The results which are theoretically interesting
are also potentially useful, in the future, as detection techniques improve.
For example such effects on neutrinos from distant sources like supernovae
could be used, in an independent method alternative to standard candles, to
constrain the dark energy density and the deceleration parameter. The
discussion is extended to investigate Caianiello's inertial or maximal
acceleration (MA) effects of such a vacuum dominated spacetime on neutrino
oscillations. Assuming that the MA phenomenon exists, we find that its form as
generated by the presently observed vacuum energy density would still have
little or no measurable effect on neutrino phase evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96252 </DOCNO>
Spin_c quantization and the K-multiplicities of the discrete series


  In this paper we show that the `quantization commutes with reduction'
principle of Guillemin-Sternberg holds for the coadjoint orbits that
parametrize the discrete series of a real connected semi-simple Lie group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97075 </DOCNO>
Frobenius Functors of the second kind


  A pair of adjoint functors $(F,G)$ is called a Frobenius pair of the second
type if $G$ is a left adjoint of $\beta F\alpha$ for some category equivalences
$\alpha$ and $\beta$. Frobenius ring extensions of the second kind provide
examples of Frobenius pairs of the second kind. We study Frobenius pairs of the
second kind between categories of modules, comodules, and comodules over a
coring. We also show that a finitely generated projective Hopf algebra over a
commutative ring is always a Frobenius extension of the second kind, and prove
that the integral spaces of the Hopf algebra and its dual are isomorphic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150299 </DOCNO>
Variations in Discrete Mechanics and Field Theory


  Some problems on variations are raised for classical discrete mechanics and
field theory and the difference variational approach with variable step-length
is proposed motivated by Lee's approach to discrete mechanics and the
difference discrete variational principle for difference discrete mechanics and
field theory on regular lattice. Based upon Hamilton's principle for the
vertical variations and double operation of vertical exterior differential on
action, it is shown that for both continuous and variable step-length
difference cases there exists the nontrivial Euler-Lagrange cohomology as well
as the necessary and sufficient condition for symplectic/multi-symplectic
structure preserving properties is the relevant Euler-Lagrange 1-form is closed
in both continuous and difference classical mechanics and field theory. While
the horizontal variations give rise to the relevant identities or relations of
the Euler-Lagrange equation and conservation law of the energy/energy-momentum
tensor for continuous or discrete systems. The total variations are also
discussed. Especially, for those discrete cases the variable step-length of the
difference is determined by the relation between the Euler-Lagrange equation
and conservation law of the energy/energy-momentum tensor. In addition, this
approach together with difference version of the Euler-Lagrange cohomology can
be applied not only to discrete Lagrangian formalism but also to the
Hamiltonian formalism for difference mechanics and field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149330 </DOCNO>
Geometric Couplings and Brane Supersymmetry Breaking


  Orientifold vacua allow the simultaneous presence of supersymmetric bulks,
with one or more gravitinos, and non-supersymmetric combinations of BPS branes.
This ``brane supersymmetry breaking'' raises the issue of consistency for the
resulting gravitino couplings, and Dudas and Mourad recently provided
convincing arguments to this effect for the ten-dimensional $USp(32)$ model.
These rely on a non-linear realization of local supersymmetry {\it \`a la}
Volkov-Akulov, although no gravitino mass term is present, and the couplings
have a nice geometrical interpretation in terms of ``dressed'' bulk fields,
aside from a Wess-Zumino-like term, resulting from the supersymmetrization of
the Chern-Simons couplings. Here we show that {\it all} couplings can be given
a geometrical interpretation, albeit in the dual 6-form model, whose bulk
includes a Wess-Zumino term, so that the non-geometric ones are in fact
demanded by the geometrization of their duals. We also determine the low-energy
couplings for six-dimensional (1,0) models with brane supersymmetry breaking.
Since these include both Chern-Simons and Wess-Zumino terms, only the resulting
field equations are geometrical, aside from contributions due to vectors of
supersymmetric sectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72919 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal Regularization and Spontaneously Broken Abelian Gauge Theories


  We study the non-local regularization for the case of a spontaneously broken
abelian gauge theory in the R_xi gauge with an arbitrary gauge parameter xi. We
consider a simple abelian-Higgs model with chiral couplings as an example. We
show that if we apply the nonlocal regularization procedure [to construct a
nonlocal theory with finite mass parameter ] to the spontaneously broken R_xi
gauge Lagrangian, using the quadratic forms as appearing in this Lagrangian, we
find that a physical observable in this model, an analogue of the muon
anomalous magnetic moment, evaluated to order O[g^{2}] does indeed show
xi-dependence.We then apply the modified form of nonlocal regularization that
was recently advanced and studied for the unbroken non-abelian gauge theories
and discuss the resulting WT identities and xi-independence of the S-matrix
elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123468 </DOCNO>
Excitation of stellar p-modes by turbulent convection : 2. The Sun


  Acoustic power and oscillation amplitudes of radial oscillations computed for
a solar model are compared with solar seismic observations. The oscillations
are assumed stochastically excited by turbulence. The numerical computations
are based upon a theoretical formulation of the power going into solar like
oscillation modes as proposed by Samadi et al. (2000) in a companion paper.
This formulation allows to investigate several assumptions concerning
properties of the stellar turbulence. We find that the entropy source plays a
dominant role in the stochastic excitation compared with the Reynold stress
source in agreement with Goldreich et al. (1994). We consider several turbulent
kinetic energy spectra suggested by different observations of the solar
granulation. Differences between turbulent spectra manifest themselves by large
differences in the computed oscillation powers at high oscillation frequency.
Two free parameters which are introduced in the description of the turbulence
enter the expression for the acoustic power. These parameters are adjusted in
order to fit to the solar observations of the surface velocity oscillations.
The best fit is obtained with the kinetic energy spectrum deduced from the
observations of the solar granulation by Nesis et al. (1993); the corresponding
adjusted parameters are found to be compatible with the theoretical upper limit
which can be set on these parameters. The adopted theoretical approach improves
the agreement between solar seismic observations and numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 376 </DOCNO>
Electronic States and Transport Phenomena in Quantum Dot Systems


  Electronic states and transport phenomena in semiconductor quantum dots are
studied theoretically. Taking account of the electron-electron Coulomb
interaction by the exact diagonalization method, the ground state and low-lying
excited states are calculated as functions of magnetic field. Using the
obtained many-body states, we discuss the temperature dependence of the
conductance peaks in the Coulomb oscillation. In the Coulomb blockade region,
elastic and inelastic cotunneling currents are evaluated under finite bias
voltages. The cotunneling conductance is markedly enhanced by the Kondo effect.
In coupled quantum dots, molecular orbitals and electronic correlation
influence the transport properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129544 </DOCNO>
A Uniform Analysis of the Ly-alpha Forest at z=0 - 5: V. The


  In Paper III of our series "A Uniform Analysis of the Ly-alpha forest at z=0
- 5", we presented a set of 270 quasar spectra from the archives of the Faint
Object Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. A total of 151 of these
spectra, yielding 906 lines, are suitable for using the proximity effect
signature to measure J(\nu_0), the mean intensity of the hydrogen-ionizing
background radiation field, at low redshift. Using a maximum likelihood
technique and the best estimates possible for each QSO's Lyman limit flux and
systemic redshift, we find J(\nu_0)= 7.6^+9.4_-3.0 x 10^-23 ergs s^-1 cm^-2
Hz^-1 sr^-1 at at 0.03 < z < 1.67. This is in good agreement with the mean
intensity expected from models of the background which incorporate only the
known quasar population. When the sample is divided into two subsamples,
consisting of lines with z < 1 and z > 1, the values of J(\nu_0) found are
6.5^+38._-1.6 x 10^-23 ergs s^-1 cm^-2 Hz^-1 sr^-1, and 1.0^+3.8_-0.2 x 10^-22
ergs s^-1 cm^-2 Hz^-1 sr^-1, respectively, indicating that the mean intensity
of the background is evolving over the redshift range of this data set.
Relaxing the assumption that the spectral shapes of the sample spectra and the
background are identical, the best fit HI photoionization rates are found to be
6.7 x 10^-13 s^-1 for all redshifts, and 1.9 x 10^-13 s^-1 and 1.3 x 10^-12
s^-1 for z < 1 and z > 1, respectively. This work confirms that the evolution
of the number density of Ly-alpha lines is driven by a decrease in the ionizing
background from z ~ 2 to z ~ 0 as well as by the formation of structure in the
intergalactic medium. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95480 </DOCNO>
Lyapunov exponents in continuum Bernoulli-Anderson models


  We study one-dimensional, continuum Bernoulli-Anderson models with general
single-site potentials and prove positivity of the Lyapunov exponent away from
a discrete set of critical energies. The proof is based on F\"urstenberg's
Theorem. The set of critical energies is described explicitly in terms of the
transmission and reflection coefficients for scattering at the single-site
potential. In examples we discuss the asymptotic behavior of generalized
eigenfunctions at critical energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126563 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Heating in an Inhomogeneous Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Model


  The effect of the heating of neutrinos by scattering with electrons and
positrons and by e-e+ annihilation on nucleosynthesis is calculated for a
spherically symmetric baryon inhomogeneous model of the universe. The model has
a high baryon density core and a low density outer region. The heating effect
is calculated by solving the Boltzmann Transport Equation for the distribution
functions of electron and muon/tau neutrinos. For a range of baryon-to-photon
ratio = [ 0, 1.5 ] x 10^-10 and distance scale = [ 10^2, 10^8 ] cm the heating
effect increases the mass fraction of He4 by a range of [1, 2] x 10^-4. The
change of the value of the mass fraction of He4 appears similiar to the change
caused by an upward shift in the value of the baryon-to-photon ratio. But the
change to deuterium is a decrease in abundance ratio Y(d)/Y(p) on the order of
10^-3, one order less than the decrease due to a shift in baryon-to-photon
ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99053 </DOCNO>
Deforming maps between sl(n), sp(2n) and $U_q(sl(n))$, $U_q(sp(2n))$


  Using crystal basis, in the space of symmetric irreducible representations,
we explicitly write invertible deforming functionals between the q-deformed
universal enveloping algebra and the Lie algebras sl(n) and sp(2n).For sl(2) we
obtain the Curtright-Zachos map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5025 </DOCNO>
Application of nonextensive statistics to particle and nuclear physics


  We present an overview of possible imprints of non-extensitivity in particle
and nucler physics. Special emphasis is put on the intrinsic fluctuations
present in the system under consideration as the possible source of
nonextensivity. The possible connection of nonextensivity and the self
organized criticality apparently being observed in some cosmic rays and
hadronic experiments will also be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2174 </DOCNO>
A Monte Carlo study of the three-dimensional Coulomb frustrated Ising


  We have investigated by Monte-Carlo simulation the phase diagram of a
three-dimensional Ising model with nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic interactions
and small, but long-range (Coulombic) antiferromagnetic interactions. We have
developed an efficient cluster algorithm and used different lattice sizes and
geometries, which allows us to obtain the main characteristics of the
temperature-frustration phase diagram. Our finite-size scaling analysis
confirms that the melting of the lamellar phases into the paramgnetic phase is
driven first-order by the fluctuations. Transitions between ordered phases with
different modulation patterns is observed in some regions of the diagram, in
agreement with a recent mean-field analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5523 </DOCNO>
Role of Disorder on the Quantum Critical Point of a Model for Heavy


  A zero temperature real space renormalization group (RG) approach is used to
investigate the role of disorder near the quantum critical point (QCP) of a
Kondo necklace (XY-KN) model. In the pure case this approach yields $J_{c}=0$
implying that any coupling $J \not = 0 $ between the local moments and the
conduction electrons leads to a non-magnetic phase. We also consider an
anisotropic version of the model ($X-KN$), for which there is a quantum phase
transition at a finite value of the ratio between the coupling and the
bandwidth, $(J/W)$. Disorder is introduced either in the on-site interactions
or in the hopping terms. We find that in both cases randomness is irrelevant in
the $X-KN$ model, i.e., the disorder induced magnetic-non-magnetic quantum
phase transition is controlled by the same exponents of the pure case. Finally,
we show the fixed point distributions $P_{J}(J/W)$ at the atractors of the
disordered, non-magnetic phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149635 </DOCNO>
An Associative and Noncommutative Product for the Low Energy Effective


  We point out that when a D-brane is placed in an NS-NS B field background
with non-vanishing field strength (H=dB) along the D-brane worldvolume, the
coordinate of one end of the open string does not commute with that of the
other in the low energy limit. The degrees of the freedom associated with both
ends are not decoupled and accordingly, the effective action must be quite
different from that of the ordinary noncommutative gauge theory for a constant
B background. We construct an associative and noncommutative product which
operates on the coordinates of both ends of the string and propose a new type
of noncommutative gauge action for the low energy effective theory of a
Dp-brane. This effective theory is bi-local and lives in twice as large
dimensions (2D=2(p+1)) as in the H=0 case. When viewed as a theory in the
D-dimensional space, this theory is non-local and we must force the two ends of
the string to coincide. We will then propose a prescription for reducing this
bi-local effective action to that in D dimensions and obtaining a local
effective action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128721 </DOCNO>
Multi-wavelength Surveys for Distant Clusters


  Given the importance of clusters to the fields of cosmology and galaxy
evolution, it is critical to understand how the cluster detection process
affects (biases) ones scientific conclusions derived from a given cluster
sample. I review the astrophysics, algorithms, and observational constraints
that must be considered when attempting to assess cluster selection biases and
their impact on the scientific constraints derived from multi-wavelength
cluster surveys. In particular, one can more accurately quantify and understand
the selection biases and assess cluster evolution when using joint
optical/NIR/x-ray surveys than can be achieved when employing any single
cluster survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5143 </DOCNO>
Manifestation of the Arnol'd Diffusion in Quantum Systems


  We study an analog of the classical Arnol'd diffusion in a quantum system of
two coupled non-linear oscillators one of which is governed by an external
periodic force with two frequencies. In the classical model this very weak
diffusion happens in a narrow stochastic layer along the coupling resonance,
and leads to an increase of total energy of the system. We show that the
quantum dynamics of wave packets mimics, up to some extent, global properties
of the classical Arnol'd diffusion. This specific diffusion represents a new
type of quantum dynamics, and may be observed, for example, in 2D semiconductor
structures (quantum billiards) perturbed by time-periodic external fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83920 </DOCNO>
Variable and Value Ordering When Solving Balanced Academic Curriculum


  In this paper we present the use of Constraint Programming for solving
balanced academic curriculum problems. We discuss the important role that
heuristics play when solving a problem using a constraint-based approach. We
also show how constraint solving techniques allow to very efficiently solve
combinatorial optimization problems that are too hard for integer programming
techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2487 </DOCNO>
Susceptibility Crossover Behavior in He3 and Xe Near Their Liquid-Vapor


  A discussion is presented on the crossover of the susceptibility from
mean-field to Ising critical behavior upon approaching the critical point from
below and from above Tc, both for He3 and Xe. Fits of the experimental
susceptibility data are made to curves from Monte Carlo simulations, and the
corresponding Ginzburg numbers Gi for each measured property i are deduced.
Also the first correction amplitudes for the confluent singularities are
obtained from the fit of the data. The respective ratios of these numbers and
those obtained for the coexistence curves for He3 and Xe, presented elsewhere,
are discussed in terms of predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127155 </DOCNO>
The origin of the ionization of the diffuse interstellar medium in


  In this paper we make a quantitative study of the hypothesis that the diffuse
H-alpha emitted from the discs of spiral galaxies owes its origin to the
ionizing photons escaping from HII regions. We use the H-alpha measurements of
the complete set of HII regions in the spiral NGC 157, for which an HI density
map was available, to derive a family of models which predict the ionizing
photon distribution in the disc of this galaxy. The predicted diffuse H-alpha
surface brightness distributions from our models were compared with the
observed distributions showing that, in general terms, the hypothesis of
density bounding for the HII regions allows us to predict well the spatial
distribution of the diffuse ionized gas. In the model yielding the best fit to
the data, the regions of lower luminosity lose a constant fraction of their
ionizing flux to their surroundings, while for HII region luminosities above a
specific transition value the ionizing escape fraction is a rising function of
the Ha luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169488 </DOCNO>
Spectra of regular quantum graphs


  We consider a class of simple quasi one-dimensional classically
non-integrable systems which capture the essence of the periodic orbit
structure of general hyperbolic nonintegrable dynamical systems. Their behavior
is simple enough to allow a detailed investigation of both classical and
quantum regimes. Despite their classical chaoticity, these systems exhibit a
``nonintegrable analog'' of the Einstein-Brillouin-Keller quantization formula
which provides their spectra explicitly, state by state, by means of convergent
periodic orbit expansions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113792 </DOCNO>
Doppler cooling and trapping on forbidden transitions


  Ultracold atoms at temperatures close to the recoil limit have been achieved
by extending Doppler cooling to forbidden transitions. A cloud of ^40Ca atoms
has been cooled and trapped to a temperature as low as 6 \mu K by operating a
magneto-optical trap on the spin-forbidden intercombination transition.
Quenching the long-lived excited state with an additional laser enhanced the
scattering rate by a factor of 15, while a high selectivity in velocity was
preserved. With this method more than 10% of pre-cooled atoms from a standard
magneto-optical trap have been transferred to the ultracold trap. Monte-Carlo
simulations of the cooling process are in good agreement with the experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95462 </DOCNO>
Generalizations of Eulerian partially ordered sets, flag numbers, and


  A partially ordered set is r-thick if every nonempty open interval contains
at least r elements. This paper studies the flag vectors of graded, r-thick
posets and shows the smallest convex cone containing them is isomorphic to the
cone of flag vectors of all graded posets. It also defines a k-analogue of the
Mobius function and k-Eulerian posets, which are 2k-thick. Several
characterizations of k-Eulerian posets are given. The generalized
Dehn-Sommerville equations are proved for flag vectors of k-Eulerian posets. A
new inequality is proved to be valid and sharp for rank 8 Eulerian posets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123767 </DOCNO>
Emission altitudes in young and old radio pulsars


  The paper presents a comparison of emission altitudes in very young and very
old radio pulsars. The author confirmes that altitudes at which radio emission
at a given frequency is generated depend on pulsar period and on pulsar age,
although the latter dependence is quite weak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129135 </DOCNO>
Observations of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars


  We review recent results obtained from observations of Anomalous X-ray
Pulsars at different wavelengths (X-rays, Optical, IR and Radio) with
particular emphasis on results obtained by BeppoSAX. Proposed models for AXPs
are briefly presented and critically discussed in the light of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3600 </DOCNO>
RNA Folding and Large N Matrix Theory


  We formulate the RNA folding problem as an $N\times N$ matrix field theory.
This matrix formalism allows us to give a systematic classification of the
terms in the partition function according to their topological character. The
theory is set up in such a way that the limit $N\to \infty$ yields the
so-called secondary structure (Hartree theory). Tertiary structure and
pseudo-knots are obtained by calculating the $1/N^2$ corrections to the
partition function. We propose a generalization of the Hartree recursion
relation to generate the tertiary structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113480 </DOCNO>
Three-potential formalism for the three-body scattering problem with


  A three-body scattering process in the presence of Coulomb interaction can be
decomposed formally into a two-body single channel, a two-body multichannel and
a genuine three-body scattering. The corresponding integral equations are
coupled Lippmann-Schwinger and Faddeev-Merkuriev integral equations. We solve
them by applying the Coulomb-Sturmian separable expansion method. We present
elastic scattering and reaction cross sections of the $e^++H$ system both below
and above the $H(n=2)$ threshold. We found excellent agreements with previous
calculations in most cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128182 </DOCNO>
An Intergalactic Magnetic Field from Quasar Outflows


  Outflows from quasars inevitably pollute the intergalactic medium (IGM) with
magnetic fields. The short-lived activity of a quasar leaves behind an
expanding magnetized bubble in the IGM. We model the expansion of the remnant
quasar bubbles and calculate their distribution as a function magnetic field
strength at different redshifts. We find that by a redshift z ~ 3, about 5-80%
of the IGM volume is filled by magnetic fields with an energy density > 10% of
the mean thermal energy density of a photo-ionized IGM (at ~ 10^4 K). As
massive galaxies and X-ray clusters condense out of the magnetized IGM, the
adiabatic compression of the magnetic field could result in the fields observed
in these systems without a need for further dynamo amplification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75353 </DOCNO>
Parton Distributions in Nucleon on the Basis of a Relativistic


  At a low resolution scale with $Q^2={\mu}^2$ corresponding to the nucleon
bound state; deep inelastic unpolarized structure functions $F_1(x,{\mu}^2)$
and $F_2(x,{\mu}^2)$ are derived with correct support using the symmetric part
of the hadronic tensor under some simplifying assumptions in the Bjorken limit.
For doing this; the nucleon in its ground state has been represented by a
suitably constructed momentum wave packet of its valence quarks in their
appropriate SU(6) spin flavor configuration with the momentum probability
amplitude taken phenomenologically in reference to the independent quark model
of scalar-vector harmonic potential. The valence quark distribution functions
$u_v(x,{\mu}^2)$ and $d_v(x,{\mu}^2)$, extracted from the structure function
$F_1(x,{\mu}^2)$ in a parton model interpretation, satisfy normalization
constraints as well as the momentum sum-rule requirements at a bound state
scale of ${\mu}^2=0.1 GeV^2$. QCD evolution of these distribution functions
taken as the inputs; yields at $Q_0^2=15 GeV^2; xu_v(x,Q_0^2)$ and
$xd_v(x,Q_0^2)$ in good qualitative agreement with the experimental data. The
gluon distribution $G(x,Q_0^2)$ and the sea-quark distribution $q_s(x,Q_0^2)$;
which are dynamically generated using the leading order renormalization group
equation; also match reasonably well with the available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129696 </DOCNO>
Spectral properties of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Quasar PG1211+143


  We propose a theoretical model to explain the spectrum of the quasar
PG1211+143 emitted in the Optical/X-ray bands. In particular, we suggest that
the inner accretion disk may develop a warm, optically thick skin, which
produces a profound emission feature observed in the soft X-ray band. This is
well modelled with the Comptonized black body emission.
  The same warm, mildly ionized medium may also be responsible for the hard
X-ray reflection and the presence of the iron $K_{\alpha}$ line. However, in
our model it still remains an open question, whether the seed photons for
Comptonization come from the cold accretion disc or from the hotter plasma.
High resolution spectroscopy available through the Chandra and XMM data may
provide now an independent test of the physical conditions in the Comptonizing
and reflecting warm skin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74861 </DOCNO>
A quark loop model for heavy mesons


  I consider a model based on a quark--meson interaction Lagrangian. The
transition amplitudes are evaluated by computing diagrams in which heavy and
light mesons are attached to quark loops. The light chiral symmetry relations
and the heavy quark spin-flavour symmetry dictated by the heavy quark effective
theory are implemented. The model allows to compute the decay form factors and
therefore can give predictions for the decay rates, the invariant mass spectra
and the asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123780 </DOCNO>
Hidden BL Lacertae Objects Near and Far


  I describe two difficulties with current research into the cosmic evolution
of BL Lacertae Objects: (1). Possible sample incompleteness due to unrecognized
(i.e., ``hidden'') BL Lacs; and (2). The absence of a viable physical model of
the evolution, to which current and future observations can be compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126360 </DOCNO>
The Gaseous Extent of Galaxies and the Origin of Lya Absorption Systems.


  (Abridged) We present results of a program to obtain and analyze HST WFPC2
images and ground-based images of galaxies identified in an imaging and
spectroscopic survey of faint galaxies in fields of HST spectroscopic target
QSOs. We confirm and improve the results presented by Lanzetta et al. (1995)
and Chen et al. (1998) that (1) extended gaseous envelopes are a common and
generic feature of galaxies of a wide range of luminosity and morphological
type, (2) the extent of tenuous gas (N(H I) > 10^{14} cm^{-2} around galaxies
scales with galaxy B-band luminosity as r\propto L_B^{0.39+/-0.09}, and (3)
galaxy interactions do not play an important role in distributing tenuous gas
around galaxies in most cases. We further demonstrate that (4) the gaseous
extent of galaxies scales with galaxy K-band luminosity as r\propto
L_K^{0.28+/-0.08}, and (5) tenuous gas around typical L_* galaxies is likely to
be distributed in spherical halos of radius ~ 180 h^{-1} kpc of covering factor
of nearly unity. Because galaxies of all morphological types possess extended
gaseous halos and because the extent of tenuous gas around galaxies scales with
galaxy K-band luminosity, we argue that galaxy mass---rather than recent
star-formation activity---is likely to be the dominant factor that determines
the extent of tenuous gas around galaxies. Nevertheless, applying the scaling
relationship between the extent of Lya absorbing gas around galaxies and galaxy
B-band luminosity, the results of our analysis also suggest that the number
density evolution of Lya absorption systems may serve to constrain the
evolution of the comoving galaxy B-band luminosity density (at least for the
redshift interval between z~0 and z~1 that has been studied in our survey).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124477 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Simulations of Stellar Core Collapse and Postbounce


  We present self-consistent general relativistic simulations of stellar core
collapse, bounce, and postbounce evolution for 13, 15, and 20 solar mass
progenitors in spherical symmetry. Our simulations implement three-flavor
Boltzmann neutrino transport and standard nuclear physics. The results are
compared to our corresponding simulations with Newtonian hydrodynamics and
O(v/c) Boltzmann transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73917 </DOCNO>
Constraining models with vector-like fermions from FCNC in K and B


  In this work, we update the constraints on tree level FCNC couplings in the
framework of a theory with n isosinglet vector-like down quarks. In this
context, we emphasize the sensitivity of the B -> J/psi K_S CP asymmetry to the
presence of new vector-like down quarks. This CP asymmetry, together with the
rare decays B -> X_{s,d} l bar{l} and K -> pi nu bar{nu} are the best options
to further constrain the FCNC tree level couplings or even to point out, in the
near future, the possible presence of vector-like quarks in the low energy
spectrum, as suggested by GUT theories or models of large extra dimensions at
the TeV scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4938 </DOCNO>
The zeros of the QCD partition function


  We establish a relationship between the zeros of the partition function in
the complex mass plane and the spectral properties of the Dirac operator in
QCD. This relation is derived within the context of chiral Random Matrix Theory
and applies to QCD when chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken. Further, we
introduce and examine the concept of normal modes in chiral spectra. Using this
formalism we study the consequences of a finite Thouless energy for the zeros
of the partition function. This leads to the demonstration that certain
features of the QCD partition function are universal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6951 </DOCNO>
Electron shot noise beyond the second moment


  The form of electron counting statistics of the tunneling current noise in a
generic many-body interacting electron system is obtained. The third correlator
of current fluctuations (the skewness of the charge counting distribution) has
a universal relation with the current I and the quasiparticle charge q. This
relation C_3 = q^2 I holds in a wide bias voltage range, both at large and
small eV/kT, thereby representing an advantage compared to the Schottky
formula. We consider the possibility of using the counting statistics for
detecting quasiparticle charge at high temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4551 </DOCNO>
Universal solutions for interacting bosons in one-dimensional harmonic


  We consider systems of interacting bosons confined to one-dimensional
harmonic traps. In the limit of perturbatively weak two-body interactions the
system exhibits several universal states that are exact solutions for a large
class of two-body interactions. These states are closely related to the exact
solutions found previously in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98147 </DOCNO>
Words restricted by patterns with at most 2 distinct letters


  We find generating functions for the number of words avoiding certain
patterns or sets of patterns on at most 2 distinct letters and determine which
of them are equally avoided. We also find the exact number of words avoiding
certain patterns and provide bijective proofs for the resulting formulas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5232 </DOCNO>
Ground states of two-dimensional $\pm$J Edwards-Anderson spin glasses


  We present an exact algorithm for finding all the ground states of the
two-dimensional Edwards-Anderson $\pm J$ spin glass and characterize its
performance. We investigate how the ground states change with increasing system
size and and with increasing antiferromagnetic bond ratio $x$. We find that
that some system properties have very large and strongly non-Gaussian
variations between realizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96052 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Aspects of the Theory of Product Structures in Complex


  We address the general classification problem of all stable associative
product structures in the complex cobordism theory. We show how to reduce this
problem to the algebraic one in terms of the Hopf algebra $S$ (the
Landweber-Novikov algebra) acting on its dual Hopf algebra $S^*$ with a
distinguished ``topologically integral'' part $\Lambda$ that coincids with the
coefficient ring of the complex cobordism. We describe the formal group and its
logarithm in terms of representations of $S$. We introduce one-dimensional
representations of a Hopf algebra. We give series of examples of such
representations motivated by well-known topological and algebraic results. We
define and study the divided difference operators on an integral domain. We
discuss certain important examples of such operators arising from analysis,
representation theory, and noncommutative algebra. We give a special attention
to the division operators by a noninvertible element of a ring. We give new
general constructions of associative product structures (not necessarily
commutative) using the divided difference operators. As application, we
describe new classes of associative products in the complex cobordism theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95634 </DOCNO>
Generalized Hermite polynomials


  The new method for obtaining a variety of extensions of Hermite polynomials
is given. As a first example a family of orthogonal polynomial systems which
includes the generalized Hermite polynomials is considered. Apparently, either
these polynomials satisfy the differential equation of the second order
obtained in this work or there is no differential equation of a finite order
for these polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148645 </DOCNO>
Fluxbranes in String Theory


  A flux p-brane in D dimensions has (p+1)-dimensional Poincare invariance and
a nonzero rank (D-p-1) field strength tangent to the transverse dimensions. We
find a family of such solutions in string theory and M-theory and investigate
their properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148684 </DOCNO>
Non-linear way to Supersymmetry and N-extended SUSY


  In this report I give the short historical review some of the first steps
that were done to the invention of SUSY in Kharkov team headed by D.Volkov.
  This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Yu. Gol'fand, whose ideas of
SUSY inspired the most active developments in High Energy Physics over thirty
years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3624 </DOCNO>
Magnetization Distribution in the layered CMR Manganite La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7


  In the ferromagnetic metallic state of the layered CMR manganite
La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 the spin density distribution is essentially in agreement with
the standard picture in which the unpaired electrons occupy the three t2g
orbitals,dxy, dyz and dxz. However we find a small spin density 4% of the total
Mn spin) on the apical O(2) oxygen atom at both 100 K and 220 K and we suggest
that this is due to covalency effects. Surprisingly we find no evidence of spin
on the other apical oxygen O(1) suggesting that the Mn eg electron distribution
along the c-axis is highly anisotropic

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179535 </DOCNO>
Self-Consistent Separable RPA For Density- and Current-Dependent Forces


  Self-consistent factorization of two-body residual interaction is proposed
for arbitrary density- and current-dependent energy functionals. Following this
procedure, a separable RPA (SRPA) method is constructed. SRPA dramatically
simplifies the calculations and demonstrates quick convergence to exact
results. The method is tested for SkM* forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 251 </DOCNO>
Quantum wires and dots driven by intense surface acoustic waves and the


  We develop a quantum theory of the nonlinear interaction between intense
surface acoustic waves and electrons of a quantum well in the regime of moving
quantum wires and dots. The quantum nonlinear interaction qualitatively differs
from the classical one. In a system of electron wires driven by an acoustic
wave the sound attenuation strongly decreases with increasing the sound
intensity. However, even in the quantum limit the sound attenuation in the
electron system remains nonzero due to residual scattering by impurities in the
lowest subband. In the case of electron dots formed by two waves moving in the
perpendicular directions, the calculated dissipation vanishes at high sound
intensity because of the fully quantized spectrum. Moving quantum dots can be
also formed by a single acoustic wave propagating along a system of etched
quantum wires. We show that the quantum regime of the attenuation can exist in
high-mobility GaAs quantum wells where the heating can not destroy the quantum
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113867 </DOCNO>
Effect of H$^-$ ion formation on Positronium-Hydrogen elastic scattering


  Effect of charge-transfer recombination for positronium (Ps) scattering is
studied on Ps-H system using coupled-channel formalism considering a new
rearrangement channel Ps+H --> e^+ + H^- and exchange.
  The correlation and continuum effects introduced by this charge-transfer
channel result to substantial convergence to the low energy scattering
parameters. Effects on scattering length, PsH binding energy, and low-energy
(0-10 eV) phase-shifts and cross sections are evaluated and H$^-$ formation
cross sections are reported from above the threshold (6.438 eV) to 100 eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113904 </DOCNO>
Massless electrodynamics in the zero-point field: equilibrium spectral


  Attempts at an electromagnetic explanation of mass of charged particles have
recently been revived within the framework of Stochastic Electrodynamics,
characterized by the adoption of a classical version of the EM ZPF. The focus
of this paper is on the novel behavior in the ZPF of the bare massless charge
sources employed in those efforts. It is found that a single massless charge
produces a field of charge and anti-charge pairs with Lorentz-Invariant
statistics. The spectrum of the secondary radiation field reproduces the
'omega-cubed' spectral energy density of the 'incident' ZPF, in contrast to the
Rayleigh-Jeans distribution normally attributed to the classical vacuum so
that, to first order, the classical field of charge and anti-charge pairs and
classical analogue of the EM ZPF are self-consistent. To the degree that the EM
field remains the canonical ZPF, it is deduced that a massless charge cannot
acquire mass from nothing as a result of immersion in the field, though
possibilities for a ZPF-inertia connection remain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83620 </DOCNO>
Type Arithmetics: Computation based on the theory of types


  The present paper shows meta-programming turn programming, which is rich
enough to express arbitrary arithmetic computations. We demonstrate a type
system that implements Peano arithmetics, slightly generalized to negative
numbers. Certain types in this system denote numerals. Arithmetic operations on
such types-numerals - addition, subtraction, and even division - are expressed
as type reduction rules executed by a compiler. A remarkable trait is that
division by zero becomes a type error - and reported as such by a compiler.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97309 </DOCNO>
Interpolation of characteristic classes of singular hypersurfaces


  We show that the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class of a hypersurface X in a
nonsingular variety M `interpolates' between two other notions of
characteristic classes for singular varieties, provided that the singular locus
of X is smooth and that certain numerical invariants of X are constant along
this locus. This allows us to define a lift of the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson
class of such `nice' hypersurfaces to intersection homology. As another
application, the interpolation result leads to an explicit formula for the
Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class of X in terms of its polar classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123884 </DOCNO>
Large Area Lyman Alpha survey: finding young galaxies at z=4.5


  Strong Lyman-alpha emission is a signpost of young stars and the absence of
dust and thus indicates young galaxies. To find such a population of young
galaxies at z=4.5 we started the Large Area Lyman Alpha survey (LALA). This
survey achieves an unprecedented combination of volume and sensitivity by using
narrow-band filters on a large format (36x36 square-arcminutes) camera on the 4
meter telescope at KPNO. The volume density and star-formation contribution of
the Lyman-alpha emitters at z=4.5 is comparable to that of Lyman break
galaxies. With many candidates and a few spectroscopic confirmations in hand we
discuss what the properties of Ly-alpha emitters imply for galaxy and star
formation in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84 </DOCNO>
Numerical Study of the Localization-Delocalization Transition for


  Numerical studies of amorphous silicon in harmonic approximation show that
the highest 3.5% of vibrational normal modes are localized. As vibrational
frequency increases through the boundary separating localized from delocalized
modes, near omega_c=70meV, (the "mobility edge") there is a
localization-delocalization (LD) transition, similar to a second-order
thermodynamic phase transition. By a numerical study on a system with 4096
atoms, we are able to see exponential decay lengths of exact vibrational
eigenstates, and test whether or not these diverge at omega_c. Results are
consistent with a localization length xi which diverges above omega_c as
(omega-omega_c)^{-p} where the exponent is p = 1.3 +/- 0.5. Below the mobility
edge we find no evidence for a diverging correlation length. Such an asymmetry
would contradict scaling ideas, and we suppose it is a finite-size artifact. If
the scaling regime is narrower than our 1 meV resolution, then it cannot be
seen directly on our finite system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97070 </DOCNO>
Quadratic sheaves and self-linkage


  Generalizing an old result proved by P. Rao [see MR 83i:14025] for
arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay, self-linked subschemes of codimension 2 in the
projective n-space P, we give a characterization of self-linked pure subschemes
of codimension 2 in P satisfying a necessary parity condition, in
characteristic different from 2. We make use of the theory of quadratic sheaves
described in a previous paper of the authors [see MR 99h:14044].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98980 </DOCNO>
Integrals of monomials over the orthogonal group


  A recursion formula is derived which allows to evaluate invariant integrals
over the orthogonal group O(N), where the integrand is an arbitrary finite
monomial in the matrix elements of the group. The value of such an integral is
expressible as a finite sum of partial fractions in $N$. The recursion formula
largely extends presently available integration formulas for the orthogonal
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95819 </DOCNO>
Generating Complex Potentials with Real Eigenvalues in Supersymmetric


  In the framework of SUSYQM extended to deal with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians,
we analyze three sets of complex potentials with real spectra, recently derived
by a potential algebraic approach based upon the complex Lie algebra sl(2, C).
This extends to the complex domain the well-known relationship between SUSYQM
and potential algebras for Hermitian Hamiltonians, resulting from their common
link with the factorization method and Darboux transformations. In the same
framework, we also generate for the first time a pair of elliptic partner
potentials of Weierstrass $\wp$ type, one of them being real and the other
imaginary and PT symmetric. The latter turns out to be quasiexactly solvable
with one known eigenvalue corresponding to a bound state. When the Weierstrass
function degenerates to a hyperbolic one, the imaginary potential becomes PT
non-symmetric and its known eigenvalue corresponds to an unbound state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 731 </DOCNO>
Generalized symmetric mutual information applied for the channel


  The channel capacity for the binary symmetric channel is investigated based
on the symmetrized definition of the mutual information, which is arising from
an attempt of extension of information content based on the nonadditivity. The
negative capacity can emerge as an avoidable consequence for the generalization
of the concept of the information entropy when $q >1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98615 </DOCNO>
Explicit Presentations for the Dual Braid Monoids


  Birman, Ko and Lee have introduced a new monoid ${\cal B}^{*}_{n}$--with an
explicit presentation--whose group of fractions is the $n$-strand braid group
${\cal B}_{n}$. Building on a new approach by Digne, Michel and himself, Bessis
has defined a {\it dual} braid monoid for every finite Coxeter type Artin-Tits
group extending the type A case. Here, we give an explicit presentation for
this dual braid monoid in the case of types B and D, and we study the
combinatorics of the underlying Garside structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41526 </DOCNO>
Introduction to Muon Cooling


  Starting from elementary concepts, muon-beam cooling is defined, and the
techniques by which it can be accomplished introduced and briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126784 </DOCNO>
Near Infrared Spectra of Compact Planetary Nebulae


  This paper continues our study of the behaviour of near infrared helium
recombination lines in planetary nebula. We find that the 1.7007um 4^3D-3^3P
HeI line is a good measure of the HeI recombination rate, since it varies
smoothly with the effective temperature of the central star. We were unable to
reproduce the observed data using detailed photoionisation models at both low
and high effective temperatures, but plausible explanations for the difference
exist for both. We therefore conclude that this line could be used as an
indicator of the effective temperature in obscured nebula. We also
characterised the nature of the molecular hydrogen emission present in a
smaller subset of our sample. The results are consistent with previous data
indicating that ultraviolet excitation rather than shocks is the main cause of
the molecular hydrogen emission in planetary nebulae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5290 </DOCNO>
H-Theorem and Generalized Entropies Within the Framework of Non Linear


  In the present effort we consider the most general non linear particle
kinetics within the framework of the Fokker-Planck picture. We show that the
kinetics imposes the form of the generalized entropy and subsequently we
demonstrate the H-theorem. The particle statistical distribution is obtained,
both as stationary solution of the non linear evolution equation and as the
state which maximizes the generalized entropy. The present approach allows to
treat the statistical distributions already known in the literature in a
unifying scheme. As a working example we consider the kinetics, constructed by
using the $\kappa$-exponential $\exp_{_{\{\kappa\}}}(x)=
(\sqrt{1+\kappa^2x^2}+\kappa x)^{1/\kappa}$ recently proposed which reduces to
the standard exponential as the deformation parameter $\kappa$ approaches to
zero and presents the relevant power law asymptotic behaviour
$\exp_{_{\{\kappa\}}}(x){\atop\stackrel\sim x\to \pm \infty}|2\kappa x|^{\pm
1/|\kappa|}$. The $\kappa$-kinetics obeys the H-theorem and in the case of
Brownian particles, admits as stationary state the distribution
$f=Z^{-1}\exp_{_{\{\kappa\}}}[-(\beta mv^2/2-\mu)]$ which can be obtained also
by maximizing the entropy $S_{\kappa}=\int d^n v [
c(\kappa)f^{1+\kappa}+c(-\kappa)f^{1-\kappa}]$ with $c(\kappa)=-Z^{\kappa}/
[2\kappa(1+\kappa)]$ after properly constrained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76169 </DOCNO>
Covariant Classification Scheme of Hadrons


  Starting from the multi-local Klein-Gordon equations with Lorentz-scalar
squared-mass operator we give a covariant quark representation of the general
composite mesons and baryons with definite Lorentz transformation property. The
mass spectra satisfy the approximate symmetry under the tilde U(4)
transformation group, including the chiral transformation as a subgroup,
concerning the spinor freedom of light constituent quarks, and this symmetry
predicts the existence of new type of chiral mesons and baryons out of the
conventional framework in non-relativistic quark model: For example, for light
qqbar systems, the scalar sigma- and axial-vector a_1-nonets, and for
heavy-light Qqbar and qQbar systems the scalar and axial-vector mesons are
predicted to exist as relativistic S-wave states besides the ordinary P-wave
state mesons. The existence of two ``exotic'' 1^-+ meson nonets is predicted as
the relativistic P-wave states in qqbar systems. For light quark baryons the
extra 56 with positive parity and the extra 70 with negative parity of the
static SU(6) are predicted to exist as the ground state chiral particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123379 </DOCNO>
Adaptive optics at the WHT


  The WHT is unusually well-placed for exploitation of adaptive-optics (AO)
technology. The site seeing is excellent (median 0.7 arcsec), dome seeing is
negligible, and preliminary studies indicate that most of the atmospheric
seeing originates in a well-defined layer at low altitude, which bodes well for
future laser-guide-star AO. The Durham group have built up extensive experience
with natural-guide-star adaptive-optics experiments at the GHRIL Nasmyth focus,
and the NAOMI common-user AO facility is due to be commissioned at this focus
early in 2000. NAOMI will provide near-diffraction-limited imaging in the IR
(Strehl ~ 0.6, FWHM ~ 0.15 arcsec in K) and is expected to give significant
correction in the optical (poorer Strehl, but similar FWHM). NAOMI will perform
better at short wavelengths than AO systems on other telescopes, and observers
will require instrumentation that can exploit this crucial advantage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85953 </DOCNO>
Machian Cosmological Solution in the Generalized Scalar-Tensor Theory of


  The Machian cosmological solution satisfying $\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$ is
discussed for the homogeneous and isotropic universe with a perfect fluid (with
negative pressure) in the generalized scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. We
propose $\omega (\phi)=\eta /(\xi -2)$ for the coupling function in the Machian
point of view. The parameter $\xi$ varies in time very slowly from $\xi =0$ to
$\xi =2$ because of the physical evolution of matter in the universe. When $\xi
\to 2$, the coupling function diverges to $-\infty$ and the scalar field $\phi$
converges to $G_{\infty}^{-1}$. The present mass density is precisely predicted
if the present time of the universe is given. We obtain $\rho_{0}=1.6\times
10^{-29} g.cm^{-3}$ for $t_{0}=1.5\times 10^{10} yr$. The universe shows the
slowly decelerating expansion for the time-varying coupling function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86546 </DOCNO>
Space and Observers in Cosmology


  I provide a prescription to define space, at a given moment, for an arbitrary
observer in an arbitrary (sufficiently regular) curved space-time. This
prescription, based on synchronicity (simultaneity) arguments, defines a
foliation of space-time, which corresponds to a family of canonically
associated observers. It provides also a natural global reference frame (with
space and time coordinates) for the observer, in space-time (or rather in the
part of it which is causally connected to him), which remains Minkowskian along
his world-line. This definition intends to provide a basis for the problem of
quantization in curved space-time, and/or for non inertial observers.
  Application to Mikowski space-time illustrates clearly the fact that
different observers see different spaces. It allows, for instance, to define
space everywhere without ambiguity, for the Langevin observer (involved in the
Langevin pseudoparadox of twins). Applied to the Rindler observer (with uniform
acceleration) it leads to the Rindler coordinates, whose choice is so justified
with a physical basis. This leads to an interpretation of the Unruh effect, as
due to the observer's dependence of the definition of space (and time). This
prescription is also applied in cosmology, for inertial observers in the
Friedmann - Lemaitre models: space for the observer appears to differ from the
hypersurfaces of homogeneity, which do not obey the simultaneity requirement. I
work out two examples: the Einstein - de Sitter model, in which space, for an
inertial observer, is not flat nor homogeneous, and the de Sitter case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6724 </DOCNO>
Chirality of internal metallic and semiconducting carbon nanotubes


  We have assigned the chirality of the internal tubes of double walled carbon
nanotubes grown by catalytic chemical vapor deposition using the high
sensitivity of the radial breathing mode (RB) in inelastic light scattering
experiments. The deduced chirality corresponds to several semiconducting and
only two metallic internal tubes. The RB modes are systematically shifted to
higher energies when compared to theoretical values. The difference between
experimental and theoretical energies of the RB modes of metallic tubes and
semiconducting tubes are discussed interms of the reduced interlayer distance
between the internal and the external tube and electronic resonance effects. We
find several pairs of RB modes corresponding to different diameters of internal
and external tubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87074 </DOCNO>
Closed Universes from Cosmological Instantons


  Current observational data is consistent with the universe being slightly
closed. We investigate families of singular and non-singular closed instantons
that could describe the beginning of a closed inflationary universe. We
calculate the scalar and tensor perturbations that would be generated from
singular instantons and compute the corresponding CMB power spectrum in a
universe with cosmological parameters like our own. We investigate spatially
homogeneous modes of the instantons, finding unstable modes which render the
instantons sub-dominant contributions in the path integral. We show that a
suitable condition may be imposed on singular closed instantons, constraining
their instabilities. With this constraint these instantons can provide a
suitable model of the early universe, and predict CMB power spectra in close
agreement with the predictions of slow-roll inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 239 </DOCNO>
Optical dipole traps and atomic waveguides based on Bessel light beams


  We theoretically investigate the use of Bessel light beams generated using
axicons for creating optical dipole traps for cold atoms and atomic
waveguiding. Zeroth-order Bessel beams can be used to produce highly elongated
dipole traps allowing for the study of one-dimensional trapped gases and
realization of a Tonks gas of impentrable bosons. First-order Bessel beams are
shown to be able to produce tight confined atomic waveguides over centimeter
distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113842 </DOCNO>
VEPP-2000 Project


  The status of VEPP-2000 collider is presented. Implementation of Round
Colliding Beams (RCB) concept in the new collider VEPP-2000 is outlined,
potential advantages of RCB over the flat colliding beams are discussed. The
main design parameters and features of this VEPP-2000 collider are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148671 </DOCNO>
Inverse Mass Expansion of the One-Loop Effective Action


  A method is described for the development of the one-loop effective action
expansion as an asymptotic series in inverse powers of the fermion mass. The
method is based on the Schwinger-DeWitt proper-time technique, which allows for
loop particles with non-degenerate masses. The case with SU(2)xSU(2) as the
symmetry group is considered. The obtained novel series generalizes the
well-known Schwinger-De Witt inverse mass expansion for equal masses, and is
chiral invariant at each order. We calculate the asymptotic coefficients up to
fifth order and clarify their relationship with the standard Seeley-DeWitt
coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5854 </DOCNO>
Coarsening process in one-dimensional surface growth models


  Surface growth models may give rise to unstable growth with mound formation
whose tipical linear size L increases in time. In one dimensional systems
coarsening is generally driven by an attractive interaction between domain
walls or kinks. This picture applies to growth models for which the largest
surface slope remains constant in time (model B): coarsening is known to be
logarithmic in the absence of noise (L(t)=log t) and to follow a power law
(L(t)=t^{1/3}) when noise is present. If surface slope increases indefinitely,
the deterministic equation looks like a modified Cahn-Hilliard equation: here
we study the late stage of coarsening through a linear stability analysis of
the stationary periodic configurations and through a direct numerical
integration. Analytical and numerical results agree with regard to the
conclusion that steepening of mounds makes deterministic coarsening faster: if
alpha is the exponent describing the steepening of the maximal slope M of
mounds (M^alpha = L) we find that L(t)=t^n: n is equal to 1/4 for 1<alpha<2 and
it decreases from 1/4 to 1/5 for alpha>2, according to n=alpha/(5*alpha -2). On
the other side, the numerical solution of the corresponding stochastic equation
clearly shows that in the presence of shot noise steepening of mounds makes
coarsening slower than in model B: L(t)=t^{1/4}, irrespectively of alpha.
Finally, the presence of a symmetry breaking term is shown not to modify the
coarsening law of model alpha=1, both in the absence and in the presence of
noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2495 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic instabilities in one dimension: correlations, scaling and


  Many thermodynamic instabilities in one dimension (e.g. DNA thermal
denaturation, wetting of interfaces) can be described in terms of simple models
involving harmonic coupling between nearest neighbors and an asymmetric on-site
potential with a repulsive core, a stable minimum and a flat top. The paper
deals with the case of the Morse on-site potential, which can be treated
exactly in the continuum limit. Analytical expressions for correlation
functions are derived; they are shown to obey scaling; numerical
transfer-integral values obtained for a discrete version of the model exhibit
the same critical behavior. Furthermore, it is shown in detail that the onset
of the transition can be characterized by an entropic stabilization of an
-otherwise unstable-, nonlinear field configuration, a soliton-like domain wall
(DW) with macroscopic energy content. The statistical mechanics of the DW
provides an exact estimate of the critical temperature for a wide range of the
discretization parameter; this suggests that the transition can be accurately
viewed as being "driven" by a nonlinear entity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114306 </DOCNO>
High contrast Mach-Zehnder lithium atom interferometer in the Bragg


  We have constructed an atom interferometer of the Mach-Zehnder type,
operating with a supersonic beam of lithium. Atom diffraction uses Bragg
diffraction on laser standing waves. With first order diffraction, our
apparatus has given a large signal and a very good fringe contrast (74%), which
we believe to be the highest ever observed with atom interferometers. This
apparatus will be applied to high sensitivity measurements

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98005 </DOCNO>
Free actions on handlebodies


  The equivalence (or weak equivalence) classes of orientation-preserving free
actions of a finite group G on an orientable 3-dimensional handlebody of genus
g can be enumerated in terms of sets of generators of G. They correspond to the
equivalence classes of generating n-vectors of elements of G, where
n=1+(g-1)/|G|, under Nielsen equivalence (or weak Nielsen equivalence). For
abelian and dihedral G, this allows a complete determination of the equivalence
and weak equivalence classes of actions for all genera. Additional information
is obtained for solvable groups and for the groups PSL(2,3^p) with p prime. For
all G, there is only one equivalence class of actions on the genus g handlebody
if g is at least 1+r(G)|G|, where r(G) is the maximal length of a chain of
subgroups of G. There is a stabilization process that sends an equivalence
class of actions to an equivalence class of actions on a higher genus, and some
results about its effects are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99159 </DOCNO>
Integral Closures of Cohen-Macaulay monomial ideals


  The purpose of this paper is to present a family of Cohen-Macaulay monomial
ideals such that their integral closures have embedded components and hence are
not Cohen-Macaulay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126760 </DOCNO>
Multi-stage Three Dimensional Sweeping and Annealing of Disc Galaxies in


  We present new three dimensional, hydrodynamic simulations of the ram
pressure stripping of disc galaxies via interaction with an hot intracluster
medium (ICM). The simulations were carried with the smoothed-particle
hydrodynamics, adaptive mesh 'Hydra' code (SPH-A$P^3$M), with model galaxies
consisting of dark halo, and gas and stellar disc components. The simulations
also include radiative cooling, which is important for keeping the warm,
diffuse gas of moderate density from being unrealistically heated by the ICM.
We examine the role that wind velocity, density and galaxy tilt play in gas
stripping.
 The onset of the ICM wind has a profound effect on the disc gas that is not
immediately stripped. This remnant disc is displaced relative to the halo
center and compressed. This can trigger gravitational instability and the
formation of numerous flocculent spirals. These waves transport angular
momentum outward, resulting in further compression of the inner disc and the
formation of a prominent gas ring. This 'annealing' process makes the inner
disc, which contains much of the total gas mass, resistant to further
stripping, but presumably susceptible to global starbursts.
 When the mass loss and annealing processes go to completion we find that the
total amount of mass lost from a fixed target galaxy is well fit by a simple
power-law function of a dimensionless parameter that combines the ram pressure
and internal properties of the galaxy. (abs. abbreviated)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95813 </DOCNO>
Poisson sigma models and deformation quantization


  This is a review aimed at a physics audience on the relation between Poisson
sigma models on surfaces with boundary and deformation quantization. These
models are topological open string theories. In the classical Hamiltonian
approach, we describe the reduced phase space and its structures (symplectic
groupoid), explaining in particular the classical origin of the
non-commutativity of the string end-point coordinates. We also review the
perturbative Lagrangian approach and its connection with Kontsevich's star
product. Finally we comment on the relation between the two approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126978 </DOCNO>
The origin of the Local Bubble


  The Sun is located in a low-density region of the interstellar medium
partially filled with hot gas that is the likely result of several nearby
supernova explosions within the last 10 Myr. Here we use astrometric data to
show that part of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association was located closer to
the present position of the Sun 5-7 Myr ago than today. Evolutionary synthesis
models indicate that the association must have experienced ~20 supernova
explosions in the last 10-12 Myr, a prediction that is supported by the
detection of four or five runaway stars escaping from it. The ~6 SNe produced
by the Lower Centaurus Crux subgroup are likely responsible for the creation of
the Local Bubble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85855 </DOCNO>
Time-Variation of the Gravitational Constant and the Machian Solution in


  The Machian cosmological solution satisfying $\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$ for the
perfect-fluid with negative pressure is discussed. When the coefficient of the
equation of state $\gamma \to -1/3$, the gravitational constant approaches to
constant. If we assume the present mass density $\rho_{0}\sim \rho_{c}$
(critical density), the parameter $\epsilon$ ($\gamma =(\epsilon -1)/3$) has a
value of order $10^{-3}$ to support the present gravitational constant. The
closed model is valid for $\omega <-3/2\epsilon$ and exhibits the slow
accelerating expansion. We understand why the coupling parameter $| \omega |$
is so large ($\omega \sim -10^{3}$). The time-variation of the gravitational
constant $| \dot{G}/G| \sim 10^{-13} yr^{-1}$ at present is derived in this
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168339 </DOCNO>
Nonclassical radiation from diamond nanocrystals


  The quantum properties of the fluorescence light emitted by diamond
nanocrystals containing a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) colored center is
investigated. We have observed photon antibunching with very low background
light. This system is therefore a very good candidate for the production of
single photon on demand. In addition, we have measured larger NV center
lifetime in nanocrystals than in the bulk, in good agreement with a simple
quantum electrodynamical model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73398 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations with three flavors in matter of varying density


  In this paper, we discuss the evolution operator and the transition
probabilities expressed as functions of the vacuum mass squared differences,
the vacuum mixing angles, and the matter density parameter for three flavor
neutrino oscillations in matter of varying density in the plane wave
approximation. The applications of this to neutrino oscillations in a model of
the Earth's matter density profile, step function matter density profiles,
constant matter density profiles, linear matter density profiles, and finally
in a model of the Sun's matter density profile are discussed. We show that for
matter density profiles, which do not fluctuate too much, the total evolution
operator consisting of $n$ operators can be replaced by one single evolution
operator in the semi-classical approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149091 </DOCNO>
Anomaly of (2,0) Theories


  We compute gravitational and axial anomaly for D-type (2,0) theories realized
on N pairs of coincident M5-branes at R^5/Z_2 orbifold fixed point. We first
summarize work by Harvey, Minasian, and Moore on A-type (2,0) theories, and
then extend it to include the effect of orbifold fixed point. The net anomaly
inflow follows when we further take into account the consistency of T^5/Z_2
M-theory orbifold. We deduce that the world-volume anomaly is given by N{\cal
J}_8 + N(2N-1)(2N-2) p_2/24 where {\cal J}_8 is the anomaly polynomial of a
free tensor multiplet and p_2 is the second Pontryagin class associated with
the normal bundle. This result is in accord with Intriligator's conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41814 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics at the Highest Energies


  At very high energies, the bremsstrahlung and pair production cross sections
exhibit complex behavior due to the material in which the interactions occur.
The cross sections in dense media can be dramatically different than for
isolated atoms. This writeup discusses these in-medium effects, emphasizing how
the cross section has different energy and target density dependencies in
different regimes. Data from SLAC experiment E-146 will be presented to confirm
the energy and density scaling. Finally, QCD analogs of the electrodynamics
effects will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3606 </DOCNO>
Persistence in a Stationary Time-series


  We study the persistence in a class of continuous stochastic processes that
are stationary only under integer shifts of time. We show that under certain
conditions, the persistence of such a continuous process reduces to the
persistence of a corresponding discrete sequence obtained from the measurement
of the process only at integer times. We then construct a specific sequence for
which the persistence can be computed even though the sequence is
non-Markovian. We show that this may be considered as a limiting case of
persistence in the diffusion process on a hierarchical lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128903 </DOCNO>
Morphology, photometry and kinematics of N-body bars. I Three models


  We discuss the morphology, photometry and kinematics of the bars which have
formed in three N-body simulations. These have initially the same disc and the
same halo-to-disc mass ratio, but their haloes have very different central
concentrations. The third model includes a bulge. The bar in the model with the
centrally concentrated halo (model MH) is much stronger, longer and thinner
than the bar in the model with the less centrally concentrated halo (model MD).
Its shape, when viewed side-on, evolves from boxy to peanut and then to
X-shaped, as opposed to that of model MD, which stays boxy. The projected
density profiles obtained from cuts along the bar major axis, both for the
face-on and the edge-on views, show a flat part, as opposed to those of model
MD which are falling rapidly. A Fourier analysis of the face-on density
distribution of model MH shows very large m = 2, 4, 6 and 8 components.
Contrary to this for model MD the components m = 6 and 8 are negligible. The
velocity field of model MH shows strong deviations from axial symmetry, and in
particular has wavy isovelocities near the end of the bar when viewed along the
bar minor axis. When viewed edge-on, it shows cylindrical rotation, which the
MD model does not. The properties of the bar of the model with a bulge and a
non-centrally concentrated halo (MDB) are intermediate between those of the bar
of the other two models. All three models exhibit a lot of inflow of the disc
material during their evolution, so that by the end of the simulations the disc
dominates over the halo in the inner parts, even for model MH, for which the
halo and disc contributions were initially comparable in that region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113574 </DOCNO>
A Good Measure for Bayesian Inference


  The Gaussian theory of errors has been generalized to situations, where the
Gaussian distribution and, hence, the Gaussian rules of error propagation are
inadequate. The generalizations are based on Bayes' theorem and a suitable
measure. The following text sketches some chapters of a monograph that is
presently prepared. We concentrate on the material that is - to the best of our
knowledge - not yet in the statistical literature. See especially the extension
of form invariance to discrete data in section 4, the criterion on the
compatibility between a proposed distribution and sparse data in section 7 and
the ``discovery'' of probability amplitudes in section 9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83658 </DOCNO>
Generating a 3D Simulation of a Car Accident from a Written Description


  This paper describes a prototype system to visualize and animate 3D scenes
from car accident reports, written in French. The problem of generating such a
3D simulation can be divided into two subtasks: the linguistic analysis and the
virtual scene generation. As a means of communication between these two
modules, we first designed a template formalism to represent a written accident
report. The CarSim system first processes written reports, gathers relevant
information, and converts it into a formal description. Then, it creates the
corresponding 3D scene and animates the vehicles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 69 </DOCNO>
Channel diffusion of sodium in a silicate glass


  We use classical molecular dynamics simulations to study the dynamics of
sodium atoms in amorphous Na$_2$O-4SiO$_2$. We find that the sodium
trajectories form a well connected network of pockets and channels. Inside
these channels the motion of the atoms is not cooperative but rather given by
independent thermally activated hops of individual atoms between the pockets.
By determining the probability that an atom returns to a given starting site,
we show that such events are not important for the dynamics of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149073 </DOCNO>
Consistency Conditions for Brane Worlds in Arbitrary Dimensions


  We consider ``brane world sum rules'' for compactifications involving an
arbitrary number of spacetime dimensions. One of the most striking results
derived from such consistency conditions is the necessity for negative tension
branes to appear in five--dimensional scenarios. We show how this result is
easily evaded for brane world models with more than five dimensions. As an
example, we consider a novel realization of the Randall--Sundrum scenario in
six dimensions involving only positive tension branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97287 </DOCNO>
On a theorem of Banach and Kuratowski and K-Lusin sets


  In a paper of 1929, Banach and Kuratowski proved, assuming the continuum
hypothesis, a combinatorial theorem which implies that there is no
non-vanishing sigma-additive finite measure on the real line which is defined
for every set of reals. It will be shown that the combinatorial theorem is
equivalent to the existence of a K-Lusin set of size the continuum and that the
existence of such sets is independent of ZFC plus non CH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86748 </DOCNO>
Quantum gravitational corrections to black hole geometries


  We calculate perturbative quantum gravity corrections to eternal
two-dimensional black holes. We estimate the leading corrections to the AdS_2
black hole entropy and determine the quantum modification of N-dimensional
Schwarzschild spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168776 </DOCNO>
Brownian Motion: The Quantum Perspective


  We briefly go through the problem of the quantum description of Brownian
motion, concentrating on recent results about the connection between dynamics
of the particle and dynamic structure factor of the medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95778 </DOCNO>
Two-Dimensional Knots and Representations of Hyperbolic Groups


  We describe relations between hyperbolic geometry and codimension two knots
or, more exactly, between varieties of conjugacy classes of discrete faithful
representations of the fundamental groups of hyperbolic n-manifolds M into
$\operatorname{SO}^{\circ} (n+2,1)$ and (n-1)-dimensional knots in the
(n+1)-sphere. This approach allows us to discover a phenomenon of
non-connectedness of these varieties for closed n-manifolds M, $n\geq 3$, with
large enough number of disjoint totally geodesic surfaces, to construct
quasisymmetric infinitely compounded "Julia" knots $K\subset S^{n+1}$ which are
everywhere wild and have recurrent $\pi_1(M)$-action, and to study circle and
2-plane bundles (with geometric structures) over closed hyperbolic n-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149680 </DOCNO>
On One-Loop Approximation to Tachyon Potentials


  We compute the one-loop corrections to the tachyon potentials in both,
bosonic and supersymmetric, cases by worldsheet methods. In the process, we
also get some insight on tachyon condensation from the viewpoint of closed
string modes and show that there is an instability due to the closed string
tachyon in the bosonic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97845 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Chern-Connes characters of some noncompact quantum


  We prove in this paper that the periodic cyclic homology of the quantized
algebras of functions on coadjoint orbits of connected and simply connected Lie
group, are isomorphic to the periodic cyclic homology of the quantized algebras
of functions on coadjoint orbits of compact maximal subgroups, without
localization. Some noncompact quantum groups and algebras were constructed and
their irreducible representations were classified in recent works of Do Ngoc
Diep and Nguyen Viet Hai by using deformation quantization. In this paper we
compute their K-groups, periodic cyclic homology groups and their Chern
characters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75185 </DOCNO>
SO(10) Unified Theories in Six Dimensions


  We construct supersymmetric models of SO(10) unification in which the gauge
symmetry is broken by orbifold compactification. We find that using boundary
conditions to break the gauge symmetry down to $SU(3)_C \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes
U(1)_Y \otimes U(1)_X$ without leaving unwanted massless states requires at
least two extra dimensions, motivating us to work with 6D orbifolds. SO(10) is
broken by two operations, each of which induces gauge-breaking to either the
Georgi-Glashow, Pati-Salam, or flipped $SU(5) \otimes U(1)$ subgroups;
assigning different unbroken subgroups to the two operations leaves only the
standard model gauge group and $U(1)_X$ unbroken. The models we build employ
extra-dimensional mechanisms for naturally realizing doublet-triplet splitting,
suppressing proton decay, and avoiding unwanted grand-unified fermion mass
relations. We find some tension between being free of anomalies of the 6D bulk,
accommodating a simple mechanism for generating right-handed neutrino masses,
and preserving the precise prediction of the weak mixing angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1051 </DOCNO>
Application of Information Theory in Nuclear Liquid Gas Phase Transition


  Information entropy and Zipf's law in the field of information theory have
been used for studying the disassembly of nuclei in the framework of the
isospin dependent lattice gas model and molecular dynamical model. We found
that the information entropy in the event space is maximum at the phase
transition point and the mass of the cluster show exactly inversely to its
rank, i.e. Zipf's law appears. Both novel criteria are useful in searching the
nuclear liquid gas phase transition experimentally and theoretically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41187 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Physics Resource Book for Snowmass 2001 - Part 2: Higgs


  This Resource Book reviews the physics opportunities of a next-generation
e+e- linear collider and discusses options for the experimental program. Part 2
reviews the possible experiments on Higgs bosons and supersymmetric particles
that can be done at a linear collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74684 </DOCNO>
Brane cosmology with a bulk scalar field


  We consider ``cosmologically symmetric'' (i.e. solutions with homogeneity and
isotropy along three spatial dimensions) five-dimensional spacetimes with a
scalar field and a three-brane representing our universe. We write Einstein's
equations in a conformal gauge, using light-cone coordinates. We obtain
explicit solutions: a. assuming proportionality between the scalar field and
the logarithm of the (bulk) scale factor; b. assuming separable solutions. We
then discuss the cosmology in the brane nduced by these solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3353 </DOCNO>
Single-filament Composite MgB2/SUS Ribbons by Powder-In-Tube Process


  We report the successful fabrication of single-filament composite MgB2/SUS
ribbons, as an ultra-robust conductor type, employing the powder-in-tube (PIT)
process, by swaging and cold rolling only. The remarkable transport critical
current (Ic) of the non-sintered MgB2/SUS ribbon has observed, as an unexpected
result. Transport critical currents Ic ~ 316 A at T = 4.2 K and Ic ~ 82 A at T
= 20 K were observed at self-field, for the non-sintered composite MgB2/SUS
ribbon. In addition, the persistent current density Jp values, that were
estimated by Bean formula, were more than ~ 7 &#61620; 105 A/cm2 at T = 5 K,
and ~ 1.2 &#61620; 105 A/cm2 at T = 30 K, for the sintered composite MgB2/SUS
ribbon, at H = 0 G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168949 </DOCNO>
Generalized measurements by linear elements


  I give a first characterization of the class of generalized measurements that
can be exactly realized on a pair of qudits encoded in indistinguishable
particles, by using only linear elements and particle detectors. Two immediate
results follow from this characterization. (i) The Schmidt number of each POVM
element cannot exceed the number of initial particles. This rules out any
possibility of performing perfect Bell-measurements for qudits. (ii) The
maximum probability of performing a generalized incomplete Bell-measurement is
1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168728 </DOCNO>
The preparation of an arbitrary polarization-entangled mixed state of


  We propose a scheme for preparing an arbitrary polarization-entangled mixed
state starting from a pure state with location decoherence owing to the path
difference. The scheme, using linear optical devices (beam splitter, half wave
plate, quarter wave plate) and single-mode optical fibers, is feasible in
experiment within current optical technology. We also give a simplified scheme
for a special case $\rho =p|\psi><\psi| +(1-p) |\phi><\phi|$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2609 </DOCNO>
Infrared optical properties of Pr2CuO4: hint of a weak structural


  The temperature dependence of the reflectance of a Pr_2CuO_4 single crystal
has been measured for light polarized in the a-b plane over a wide frequency
range, and the optical properties determined from a Kramers-Kronig analysis.
Above approx 250 K, the low frequency reflectance increases quickly with
temperature; sigma_dc approx sigma_1(omega -> 0) follows the functional form
e^(-E_a/k_BT), where E_a approx 0.2 eV, which is much less than the inferred
optical gap of approx 1.2 eV. The proximity of E_a to the phonon frequencies
suggests that the dc transport in this material is due to thermally-activated
hopping. The four infrared-active E_u modes dominate the infrared optical
properties. Below approx 200 K, a striking new feature appears near the
low-frequency E_u mode, and there is additional new fine structure at high
frequency. It is proposed that the new mode and fine structure are the result
of a weak structural distortion, induced by a magnetic transition, resulting in
the reduction of the Brillouin zone and the activation of zone-boundary modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5544 </DOCNO>
The effects of violating detailed balance on critical dynamics


  We present an overview of the effects of detailed-balance violating
perturbations on the universal static and dynamic scaling behavior near a
critical point. It is demonstrated that the standard critical dynamics
universality classes are generally quite robust: In systems with non-conserved
order parameter, detailed balance is effectively restored at criticality. This
also holds for models with conserved order parameter, and isotropic
non-equilibrium perturbations. Genuinely novel features are found only for
models with conserved order parameter and spatially anisotropic noise
correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76829 </DOCNO>
New Bose-Einstein Results from L3


  In hadronic Z decays, we compare Bose-Einstein correlations in \Pgpz pairs
with those in identical charged pion pairs. We also measure Bose-Einstein
correlations in triplets of identical charged pions. From the first study, the
source radius is found to be smaller for \Pgpz-\Pgpz than for \Pgppm-\Pgppm, as
would be expected, e.g., in a string model. However, the second study shows
that the data are consistent with the pion production being completely
incoherent. Both studies use data collected by the L3 collaboration at LEP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1998 </DOCNO>
On the critical behavior of a lattice prey-predator model


  The critical properties of a simple prey-predator model are revisited. For
some values of the control parameters, the model exhibits a line of directed
percolation like transitions to a single absorbing state. For other values of
the control parameters one finds a second line of continuous transitions toward
infinite number of absorbing states, and the corresponding steady-state
exponents are mean-field like. The critical behavior of the special point T
(bicritical point), where the two transition lines meet, belongs to a different
universality class. The use of dynamical Monte-Carlo method shows that a
particular strategy for preparing the initial state should be devised to
correctly describe the physics of the system near the second transition line.
Relationships with a forest fire model with immunization are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4588 </DOCNO>
Theoretical investigation on the possibility of preparing left-handed


  We investigate the possibility of preparing left-handed materials in metallic
magnetic granular composites. Based on the effective medium approximation, we
show that by incorporating metallic magnetic nanoparticles into an appropriate
insulating matrix and controlling the directions of magnetization of metallic
magnetic components and their volume fraction, it may be possible to prepare a
composite medium of low eddy current loss which is left-handed for
electromagnetic waves propagating in some special direction and polarization in
a frequency region near the ferromagnetic resonance frequency. This composite
may be easier to make on an industrial scale. In addition, its physical
properties may be easily tuned by rotating the magnetization locally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114173 </DOCNO>
Graph kinematics of discrete physical objects: beyond space-time. III.


  In part III is realized the consistent development of Heisenberg--Dyson's
two-layer matrix approximation to the graph formalism for postulating discrete
physical objects (DPO) introduced in parts I-II in the form of discrete sets of
graphs--skeleton ({\bf SvT}) or root ({\bf RvT}) $v$-trees, beyond common
space--time. It is noted that already in the late-1950s one made an attempt to
formulate in physical theory the discontinuity as an element of some special
diagram technique. In the framework of pointed Heisenberg--Dyson's two-layer
matrix scheme, with an incidence {\bf I} and a loop {\bf CD}$(\delta)$ graph
matrices, are got the following main results: (1) the many-``planes'' {\bf SvT}
or {\bf RvT} representation of any DPO in opposition to one-``plane'' physical
objects in continuous physical models; (2) the superposition of different types
of interaction for any microobject where {\bf RvT} representation for
short-ranged interactions (weak, strong) is one-``plane'' and for long-ranged
interactions (gravitational, electromagnetic) is many-``planes''; (3) based on
the incidence matrix {\bf I} (upper layer) ``graph geometry'' of real DPO
describes their peculiar many-``planes'' inner structure beyond common
space--time; (4) the notion of interacting ``charge'' can be extracted only
from the symbolical quantities for the quasi-continuous field ``objects'' by
means of the loop matrix {\bf CD}($\alpha$) (under layer); and some other
concrete results of an analysis of structural peculiarities of DPO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127562 </DOCNO>
On the kinematic deconvolution of the local neighbourhood luminosity


  A method for inverting the statistical star counts equation, including proper
motions, is presented; in order to break the degeneracy in that equation it
uses the supplementary constraints required by dynamical consistency. The
inversion gives access to both the kinematics and the luminosity function of
each population in three r\'egimes: the singular ellipsoid, the constant ratio
Schwarzschild ellipsoid plane parallel models and the epicyclic model. This
more realistic model is taylored to account for local neighbourhood density and
velocity distribution.
  The first model is fully investigated both analytically and via means of a
non-parametric inversion technique, while the second model is shown to be
formally its equivalent. The effect of noise and incompleteness in apparent
magnitude is investigated. The third model is investigated via a 5D+2D
non-parametric inversion technique where positivity of the underlying
luminosity function is explicitely accounted for.
  It is argued that its future application to data such as the Tycho catalogue
(and in the upcoming satellite GAIA) could lead -- provided the vertical
potential, and/or the asymmetric drift or w_0 are known -- to a non-parametric
determination of the local neighbourhood luminosity function without any
reference to stellar evolution tracks. It should also yield the proportion of
stars for each kinematic component and a kinematic diagnostic to split the thin
disk from the thick disk or the halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148820 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Nonintegrable Phases in Softly Broken Supersymmetric Gauge


  We study SU(N) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with massless adjoint matter
defined on $M^3\otimes S^1$. The SU(N) gauge symmetry is broken maximally to
$U(1)^{N-1}$, independent of the number of flavor and the boundary conditions
of the fields associated with the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism of supersymmetry
breaking. The mass of the Higgs scalar is generated through quantum corrections
in the extra dimensions. The quantum correction can become manifest by a finite
Higgs boson mass at low energies even in the limit of small extra dimensions
thanks to the supersymmetry breaking parameter of the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125666 </DOCNO>
Thermal Conductivity of Neutrons in Neutron Star Cores


  The diffusive thermal conductivity of neutrons in dense matter [$\rho \sim (1
- 8) \times 10^{14}$ g cm$^{-3}$] of neutron star cores is calculated. The
contribution from neutron--neutron and neutron--proton collisions is taken into
account. We use the transition probabilities calculated for symmetric dense
nucleon matter on the basis of the Dirac--Brueckner approach to the in-medium
effects and the Bonn model of bare nucleon--nucleon interaction. The diffusive
thermal conductivity of neutrons in the presence of neutron and proton
superfluidities is analyzed in a microscopic manner; the effects of
superfluidity are shown to be significant. The low temperature behavior of the
thermal conductivity appears to be extremely sensitive to the relation between
critical temperatures of neutrons and protons. The results are fitted by simple
analytic expressions. In combination with the formulae for the electron and
muon thermal conductivities, obtained earlier, the present expressions provide
a realistic description of the full diffusive thermal conductivity in the
neutron star cores for normal and various superfluid phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76808 </DOCNO>
Crystalline Color Superconductivity in Dense Matter


  In this talk I discuss a recently proposed color superconducting phase of
asymmetric quark matter where the up and down quark have different chemical
potential, being in chemical equilibrium with electrons. Using Schwinger-Dyson
equations derived from an effective theory of low-energy quasiparticles, a
critical coupling for LOFF phase is estimated for both the case of an effective
four Fermi interaction and Landau-damped one gluon exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179164 </DOCNO>
Quenching of resonance production in heavy-ion collisions at 1-2 A GeV


  We study the pion production in heavy-ion collisions at SIS energies within
the coupled resonance BUU model. The standard calculation overpredicts the pion
multiplicity in the central Au+Au collision at 1 A GeV by about a factor of 2,
which is interpreted as a signature for the quenching of the resonance
production/absorption in nucleon-nucleon collisions at high nuclear density.
Results of the calculations taking into account a specific form of quenching
are presented for pion spectra from light and heavy systems as well as for the
pion in-plane and out-of-plane flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125455 </DOCNO>
Synthetic Doppler maps of gaseous flows in IP Peg


  We present synthetic Doppler maps of gaseous flows in binary IP Peg based on
the results of 3D gasdynamical simulations. Using of gasdynamical calculations
alongside with the Doppler tomography technique permits us to identify the main
features of the flow on the Doppler maps without solution of an ill-posed
inverse problem. Comparison of synthetic tomograms with observations shows that
in quiescence there are two zones of high emission: a shock wave on the edge of
the stream from L_1 caused by the interaction of the gas of circumbinary
envelope and the stream, and the dense region in a apoastron of
quasi-elliptical accretion disk. A single arm of the spiral shock and the
stream itself give a minor input to the total brightness. During outburst the
accretion disk dominates, and the most emitive regions are the two arms of the
spiral shock.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149647 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of Poincare Transformations in Hamiltonian Semiclassical


  Semiclassical Hamiltonian field theory is investigated from the axiomatic
point of view. A notion of a semiclassical state is introduced. An "elementary"
semiclassical state is specified by a set of classical field configuration and
quantum state in this external field. "Composed" semiclassical states viewed as
formal superpositions of "elementary" states are nontrivial only if the Maslov
isotropic condition is satisfied; the inner product of "composed" semiclassical
states is degenerate. The mathematical proof of Poincare invariance of
semiclassical field theory is obtained for "elementary" and "composed"
semiclassical states. The notion of semiclassical field is introduced; its
Poincare invariance is also mathematically proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77110 </DOCNO>
Recent Results and Current Status of BES


  The current status of BESII is reported.
  Some published results based on the data collected by BESI and some new
preliminary results based on the BESII data are reviewed in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123778 </DOCNO>
Halo Star Abundances and r-Process Synthesis


  We review recent observational studies of heavy element abundances in low
metallicity stars and explore some implications of these results for
nucleosynthesis and early Galactic chemical evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2603 </DOCNO>
Competition of Branches


  We consider a general model of branch competition that automatically leads to
a critical branching configuration. This model is inspired by the $4-\eta$
expansion of the dielectric breakdown model (DBM), but the mechanism of
arriving at the critical point may be of relevance to other branching systems
as well, such as fractures. The exact solution of this model clarifies the
direct renormalization procedure used for the DBM, and demonstrates
nonperturbatively the existence of additional irrelevant operators with complex
scaling dimensions leading to discrete scale invariance. The anomalous
exponents are shown to depend upon the details of branch interaction; we
contrast with the branched growth model (BGM) in which these exponents are
universal to lowest order in $1-\nu$, and show that the BGM includes an
inherent branch interaction different from that found in the DBM. We consider
stationary and non-stationary regimes, corresponding to different growth
geometries in the dielectric-breakdown model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76165 </DOCNO>
Investigating the Light Scalar Mesons


  We first briefly review a treatment of the scalars in meson meson scattering
based on a non-linear chiral Lagrangian, with unitarity implemented by a
"local" modification of the scalar propagators. It is shown that the main
results are confirmed by a treatment in the SU(3) linear sigma model in which
unitarity is implemented "globally". Some remarks are made on the speculative
subject of the scalars' quark structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179500 </DOCNO>
Low lying S=-1 excited baryons and chiral symmetry


  The s-wave meson-baryon interaction in the $S = -1$ sector is studied by
means of coupled-channels, using the lowest-order chiral Lagrangian and the N/D
method to implement unitarity. The loops are regularized using dimensional
renormalization. In addition to the previously studied $\Lambda (1405)$,
employing this chiral approach leads to the dynamical generation of two more
s-wave hyperon resonances, the $\Lambda(1670)$ and $\Sigma(1620)$ states. We
make comparisons with experimental data and look for poles in the complex plane
obtaining the couplings of the resonances to the different final states. This
allows us to identify the $\Lambda (1405)$ and the $\Lambda(1670)$ resonances
with $\bar{K}N$ and $K\Xi$ quasibound states, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98904 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic cauchy gains: Definitions and small-gain principle


  A notion of "asymptotic Cauchy gain" for input/output systems, and an
associated small-gain principle, are introduced.
  A Lyapunov-like characterization allows the computation of these gains for
state-space systems, and the formulation of sufficient conditions insuring the
lack of oscillations and chaotic behaviors in a wide variety of cascades and
feedback loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76108 </DOCNO>
Renormalized Path Integral for the Two-Dimensional Delta-Function


  A path-integral approach for delta-function potentials is presented.
Particular attention is paid to the two-dimensional case, which illustrates the
realization of a quantum anomaly for a scale invariant problem in quantum
mechanics. Our treatment is based on an infinite summation of perturbation
theory that captures the nonperturbative nature of the delta-function bound
state. The well-known singular character of the two-dimensional delta-function
potential is dealt with by considering the renormalized path integral resulting
from a variety of schemes: dimensional, momentum-cutoff, and real-space
regularization. Moreover, compatibility of the bound-state and scattering
sectors is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87114 </DOCNO>
Spin Foam Diagrammatics and Topological Invariance


  We provide a simple proof of the topological invariance of the Turaev-Viro
model (corresponding to simplicial 3d pure Euclidean gravity with cosmological
constant) by means of a novel diagrammatic formulation of the state sum models
for quantum BF-theories. Moreover, we prove the invariance under more general
conditions allowing the state sum to be defined on arbitrary cellular
decompositions of the underlying manifold. Invariance is governed by a set of
identities corresponding to local gluing and rearrangement of cells in the
complex. Due to the fully algebraic nature of these identities our results
extend to a vast class of quantum groups. The techniques introduced here could
be relevant for investigating the scaling properties of non-topological state
sums, being proposed as models of quantum gravity in 4d, under refinement of
the cellular decomposition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41315 </DOCNO>
Observation of CP violation in the B^0 meson system


  We present an updated measurement of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries
in neutral B decays with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory
at SLAC. This result uses an additional sample of Upsilon(4S) decays collected
in 2001, bringing the data available to 32 million B-anti-B pairs. We select
events in which one neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a final state
containing charmonium and the flavor of the other neutral B meson is determined
from its decay products. The amplitude of the CP-violating asymmetry, which in
the Standard Model is proportional to sin2beta, is derived from the decay time
distributions in such events. The result sin2beta = 0.59 +/- 0.14 (stat) +/-
0.05 (syst) establishes CP violation in the B^0 meson system. We also determine
|lambda| = 0.93 +/- 0.09 {stat} +/- 0.03 {syst}, consistent with no direct CP
violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98717 </DOCNO>
Asymptotics of the Fourier and Laplace transforms in weighted spaces of


  We study the asymptotics near the origin of the Fourier transform in weighted
Hardy spaces of analytic functions in the upper half-plane, and of the Laplace
transform in weighted spaces of entire functions of zero exponential type.
  These results are applied to two closely related problems posed by E.
Dyn'kin: we find the asymptotics of the depth of zero in non-quasianalytic
Denjoy-Carleman classes, and of the exact Levinson-Sjoberg majorant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124689 </DOCNO>
A 250 GHz Survey of High Redshift QSOs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey


  We present observations at 250 GHz (1.2 mm), 43 GHz, and 1.4 GHz of a sample
of 41 QSOs at z > 3.7 found in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We detect 16
sources with a 250 GHz flux density greater than 1.4 mJy. The combination of
centimeter and millimeter wavelength observations indicates that the 250 GHz
emission is most likely thermal dust emission. Assuming a dust temperature of
50 K, the implied dust masses for the 16 detected sources are in the range
1.5e8 to 5.9e8 Msun, and the dust emitting regions are likely to be larger than
1 kpc in extent. The radio-through-optical spectral energy distributions for
these sources are within the broad range defined by lower redshift, lower
optical luminosity QSOs. We consider possible dust heating mechanisms,
including UV emission from the active nucleus (AGN) and a starburst concurrent
with the AGN, with implied star formation rates between 500 and 2000 Msun/year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76845 </DOCNO>
Confinement and domain walls in high density quark matter


  In this talk I will review some recent progress in our understanding of
properties of high density quark matter. This talk is based mainly on the
papers hep-ph/0011379, hep-ph/0012041, hep-ph/0108260, and cond-mat/0103451,
done in collaboration with D. Rischke, M. Stephanov, and A. Zhitnitsky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98982 </DOCNO>
Uniform dynamical bounds for the Fibonacci Hamiltonian


  We prove quantum dynamical upper bounds for operators from the Fibonacci
hull. These bounds hold for sufficiently large coupling and they are uniform in
the phase. This extends recent work by Killip, Kiselev and Last who obtained
these bounds for one particular phase. The main ingredient in our proof is a
detailed combinatorial analysis of the sequences in the Fibonacci hull.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83571 </DOCNO>
An effective Procedure for Speeding up Algorithms


  The provably asymptotically fastest algorithm within a factor of 5 for
formally described problems will be constructed. The main idea is to enumerate
all programs provably equivalent to the original problem by enumerating all
proofs. The algorithm could be interpreted as a generalization and improvement
of Levin search, which is, within a multiplicative constant, the fastest
algorithm for inverting functions. Blum's speed-up theorem is avoided by taking
into account only programs for which a correctness proof exists. Furthermore,
it is shown that the fastest program that computes a certain function is also
one of the shortest programs provably computing this function. To quantify this
statement, the definition of Kolmogorov complexity is extended, and two new
natural measures for the complexity of a function are defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75318 </DOCNO>
Flat directions, doublet-triplet splitting, the monopole problem, and


  We discuss a supersymmetric SU(6) grand unified theory with the GUT flat
direction being lifted by soft supersymmetry breaking, and the doublet-triplet
splitting being achieved with Higgs as a pseudo-Goldstone boson. The theory
offers a simple solution to the false vacuum and monopole problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96011 </DOCNO>
Limit theorems for the painting of graphs by clusters


  We consider a generalization of the so-called divide and color model recently
introduced by Haggstrom. We investigate the behaviour of the magnetization in
large boxes and its fluctuations. Thus, laws of large numbers and Central Limit
theorems are proved, both quenched and annealed. We show that the properties of
the underlying percolation process roughly influence the behaviour of the
colorying model. In the subcritical case, the limit magnetization is
deterministic and the Central Limit Theorem admits a Gaussian limit. A
contrario, the limit magnetization is not deterministic in the supercritical
case and the limit of the Central Limit Theorem is not Gaussian, except in the
particular model with exactly two colors which are equally probable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85860 </DOCNO>
Cosmological evolution in a brane-universe


  The idea of extra-dimensions has recently gone through a renewal with the
hypothesis, suggested by recent developments in string theory, that ordinary
matter is confined to a sub-space, called brane, embedded in a higher
dimensional spacetime. I summarize here some consequences in cosmology of this
type of models. The most remarkable aspect is that the Friedmann laws, which
govern the expansion of the Universe, are modified. An important direction of
research is the study of cosmological perturbations and the possible signature
of extra-dimensions in cosmological observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4191 </DOCNO>
The future is noisy: on the role of spatial fluctuations in genetic


  A genetic switch may be realised by a certain operator sector on the DNA
strand from which either genetic code, to the left or to the right of this
operator sector, can be transcribed and the corresponding information
processed. This switch is controlled by messenger molecules, i.e., they
determine to which side the switch is flipped. Recently, it has been realised
that noise plays an elementary role in genetic switching, and the effect of
number fluctuations of the messenger molecules have been explored. Here we
argue that the assumption of well-stirredness taken in the previous models may
not be sufficient to characterise the influence of noise: {\em spatial}
fluctuations play a non-negligible part in cellular genetic switching
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95941 </DOCNO>
The Hamiltonian structure of discrete KP equations


  This paper investigates Hamiltonian properties of the algebro-geometric
discretization of KP hierarchy introduced in \cite{Gie1}. A Poisson bracket is
introduced. The system is related to the periodic band matrix system of
\cite{vM-M}. It is shown that the bracket descends to the latter and endows it
with bi-Hamiltonian structure together with the first bracket already
considered in \cite{vM-M}. On the other hand a bi-Hamiltonian structure for
discrete KP seems to be absent for fundamental reasons. It is proven that the
conserved quantities of both systems are in involution with respect to the
bracket. A construction relating the bracket to a certain intersection pairing
of cycles on a discrete torus is shown. This pairing is reminiscent of the
intersection pairing in ``string topology'' \cite{C-S}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83672 </DOCNO>
Integrating Prosodic and Lexical Cues for Automatic Topic Segmentation


  We present a probabilistic model that uses both prosodic and lexical cues for
the automatic segmentation of speech into topically coherent units. We propose
two methods for combining lexical and prosodic information using hidden Markov
models and decision trees. Lexical information is obtained from a speech
recognizer, and prosodic features are extracted automatically from speech
waveforms. We evaluate our approach on the Broadcast News corpus, using the
DARPA-TDT evaluation metrics. Results show that the prosodic model alone is
competitive with word-based segmentation methods. Furthermore, we achieve a
significant reduction in error by combining the prosodic and word-based
knowledge sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128477 </DOCNO>
The Bivariate Brightness Function of Galaxies and a Demonstration of the


  In this paper we fit an analytic function to the Bivariate Brightness
Distribution (BBD) of galaxies. It is a combination of the classical Schechter
Function convolved with a Gaussian distribution in surface brightness: thus
incorporating the luminosity-surface brightness correlation as seen in many
recent datasets. We fit this function to a recent measurement of the BBD based
on 45,000 galaxies from the two-degree field Galaxy Redshift Survey (Cross et
al. 2001).
  Using a BBF we explore the impact of the limiting detection isophote on
classical measures of the galaxy luminosity distribution. If Gaussian corrected
magnitudes are used these change to $\Delta M^*_{b_j} \sim 0.38 $ mags, $\Delta
\phi^* \sim 11%$ and $\Delta \alpha < 0.01$ for $\mu_{lim,b_j}=24.0$ mag
arcsec$^{-2}$. Hence while the faint-end slope, $\alpha$, appears fairly robust
to surface brightness issues, both the $M^*$ and $\phi^*$ values are highly
dependent. The range over which these parameters were seen to vary is fully
consistent with the scatter in the published values, reproducing the range of
observed luminosity densities ($1.1<j_{b_j}<2.2\times10^8h L_{\odot}$Mpc$^{-3}$
see Cross et al. 2001). We conclude that surface brightness selection effects
are primarily responsible for this variation. After due consideration of these
effects, we derive a value of $j_{b_j}=2.16\times10^8h L_{\odot}$Mpc$^{-3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125441 </DOCNO>
Cold gas in elliptical galaxies


  We explore the evolution of the cold gas (molecular and neutral hydrogen) of
elliptical galaxies and merger remnants ordered into a time sequence on the
basis of spectroscopic age estimates. We find that the fraction of cold gas in
early merger remnants decreases significantly for ~1-2 Gyr, but subsequent
evolution toward evolved elliptical systems sees very little change. This trend
can be attributed to an initial gas depletion by strong star-formation which
subsequently declines to quiescent rates. This explanation is consistent with
the merger picture for the formation of elliptical galaxies. We also explore
the relation between HI-to-H2 mass ratio and spectroscopic galaxy age, but find
no evidence for a statistically significant trend. This suggests little net HI
to H2 conversion for the systems in the present sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5894 </DOCNO>
Microcanonical determination of the order parameter critical exponent


  In this Letter we investigate the density of states $\Omega_N(E,M)$ of two-
and three-dimensional Ising models with $N$ spins as a function of energy $E$
and magnetization $M$. For a fixed energy lower than a critical value $E_{c,N}$
the density of states exhibits two sharp maxima at $M = \pm M_{sp}(E)$ which
define the spontaneous magnetization. An analysis of the form $M_{sp}(E)
\propto (E_{c,\infty}-E)^{\beta_\epsilon}$ yields very good results for the
critical exponent $\beta_\epsilon$. Corrections to the asymptotic behaviour are
discussed and compared to the corrections observed in a canonical analysis.
Furthermore, a new and highly efficient Monte Carlo method for the calculation
of $\Omega_N(E,M)$ is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97432 </DOCNO>
Uniform estimates on multi-linear operators with modulation symmetry


  We prove uniform $L^p$ bounds for multilinear operators which are given by
multipliers whose symbols are singular on a one dimensional subspace. The
novelty is that these bounds are uniform in the choice of the subspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 724 </DOCNO>
Two-component approach for thermodynamic properties in diluted magnetic


  We examine the feasibility of a simple description of Mn ions in III-V
diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) in terms of two species (components),
motivated by the expectation that the Mn-hole exchange couplings are widely
distributed, expecially for low Mn concentrations. We find, using distributions
indicated by recent numerical mean field studies, that the thermodynamic
properties (magnetization, susceptibility, and specific heat) cannot be fit by
a single coupling as in a homogeneous model, but can be fit well by a
two-component model with a temperature dependent number of ``strongly'' and
``weakly'' coupled spins. This suggests that a two-component description may be
a minimal model for the interpretation of experimental measurements of
thermodynamic quantities in III-V DMS systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41504 </DOCNO>
Radiative Decay of the \psi(2S) into Two Pseudoscalar Mesons


  Radiative decays of the radially excited charmonium resonance, \psi(2S), into
\pi\pi, K Kbar and \eta\eta final states have been measured in a sample of 3.96
* 10^6 \psi(2S) events collected by the BES collaboration. The branching ratios
B(\psi(2S) -> \gamma f_{2}(1270)) = (2.27 +- 0.26 +- 0.39) * 10^{-4} and
B(\psi(2S) -> \gamma f_0(1710)) * B(f_0(1710) -> K^+ K^-) = (5.59 +- 1.12 +-
0.93) * 10^{-5} are obtained. When compared to the corresponding radiative
J/\psi decays, the observed \psi(2S) radiative decay rates into \gamma
f_2(1270) and \gamma f_0(1710) are consistent with the 15% rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83852 </DOCNO>
India Attempts to Give a Jump-start to its Derailed Telecommunications


  After the 1991 economic policy made a shift from a closed economic model to a
market-oriented model. The government invited private sector to participate in
reforming its telecom sector. However, the government took a half-hearted
approach in overhauling the legal and regulatory regime, suitable for
competitive regime or in framing the 1994 Telecom Policy.
     Competition was allowed in cellular and basis services. The ministry and
the incumbent (DOT) issued licenses to their competitors. Lack of transparency
in issuing licenses and unrealistic license fee derailed the reforms process
and led to wasteful litigation. The courts did not support the regulator and
virtually made its role redundant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150067 </DOCNO>
Porting of EPICS to Real Time UNIX, and usage ported EPICS for FEL


  This article describes concepts and mechanisms used in porting of EPICS
(Experimental Physical and Industrial Control System) codes to platform of
operating system UNIX. Without destruction of EPICS architecture, new features
of EPICS provides the support for real time operating system LynxOS/x86 and
equipment produced by INP (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics). Application of
ported EPICS reduces the cost of software and hardware is used for automation
of FEL (Free Electron Laser) complex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76901 </DOCNO>
Flavor-Change with Ultra-Light Sbottom and Gluinos


  Implications of a 2 - 5.5 GeV sbottom and 12 - 16 GeV gluino masses for rare
B decay phenomenology are discussed. An effective Hamiltonian is constructed in
which the gluinos are integrated out and a \tilde{b} squark remains among the
light flavor degrees of freedom. Restrictive constraints come from $b \to s
\gamma and b \to sg, but they allow a substantially enhanced inclusive b decay
rate into charmless hadronic final states, and {\cal O}(10%) direct CP
asymmetries in $B \to X_s \gamma and B^\pm \to K^0 \pi^\pm decays, which are an
order of magnitude larger than in the Standard Model. New contributions to B_s
mixing are negligible but significant effects in B_d mixing may be possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98135 </DOCNO>
Andr\'e-Quillen homology via functor homology


  We obtain Andr\'e-Quillen homology for commutative algebras using relative
homological algebra in the category of functors on finite pointed sets

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99147 </DOCNO>
Relative Cohomology with Respect to a Lefschetz Pencil


  Let M be an algebraic compact complex manifold of dimension n+1 and f a
meromorphic function on M obtained by a generic pencil of hyperplane sections
of $M$.
 We prove that for 0<=i<= n$ the i-th relative cohomology of M with respect to
$f$ is a free P[f]-module of rank \beta_i, where P[f] is the ring of
polynomials in f and \beta_i is the dimension of i-th cohomology group of a
generic leaf of f.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40858 </DOCNO>
Measurement of D*+/- diffractive cross sections in photoproduction at


  The first measurement of D*+/- meson diffractive photoproduction cross
sections has been performed with the ZEUS detector at the HERA $ep$ collider,
using an integrated luminosity of 38 pb^-1. The measurement has been performed
for photon--proton center-of-mass energies in the range 130 < W < 280 GeV and
photon virtualities Q^2 < 1 GeV^2. D*+/- mesons have been reconstructed with
p_T(D*)>2 GeV and -1.5<\eta(D*)<1.5 from the decay channel D*+ --> D^0 \pi^+_s
with D^0 --> K-\pi^+ (+c.c.). The diffractive component has been selected with
0.001<x_Pom<0.018. The measured diffractive cross section in this kinematic
range is: \sigma_(ep --> e'D*Xp') =
 0.74 +/- 0.21 (stat.)^{+0.27}_{-0.18} (syst.) +/-0.16 (p. diss.) ~nb (ZEUS
preliminary). Measured integrated and differential cross sections have been
compared to theoretical expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168201 </DOCNO>
Local Realistic Theory for PDC Experiments Based on the Wigner Formalism


  In this article we present a local hidden variables model for all experiments
involving photon pairs produced in parametric down conversion, based on the
Wigner representation of the radiation field. A modification of the standard
quantum theory of detection is made in order to give a local realist
explanation of the counting rates in photodetectors. This model involves the
existence of a real zeropoint field, such that the vacumm level of radiation
lies below the threshold of the detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174799 </DOCNO>
The Isoscalar Giant Dipole Resonance in 208Pb and the Nuclear


  The isoscalar giant dipole resonance (ISGDR) has been investigated in 208Pb
using inelastic scattering of 400 MeV alpha particles at forward angles,
including 0deg. Using the superior capabilities of the Grand Raiden
spectrometer, it has been possible to obtain spectra devoid of any
"instrumental" background. The ISGDR strength distribution has been extracted
from a multipole-composition of the observed spectra. The implication of these
results on the experimental value of nuclear incompressibility are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149800 </DOCNO>
Vacuum confinement at finite temperature for scalar QED in magnetic


  We investigate the Casimir effect at finite temperature for a charged scalar
field in the presence of an external uniform and constant magnetic field,
perpendicular to the Casimir plates. We have used a boundary condition
characterized by a deformation parameter $\theta$; for $\theta=0$ we have a
periodic condition and for $\theta=\pi$, an antiperiodic one, for intermediate
values, we have a deformation. The temperature was introduced using the
imaginary time formalism and both the lagrangian and free energy were obtained
from Schwinger proper time method for computing the effective action. We also
computed the permeability and its asymptotic expressions for low and high
temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81486 </DOCNO>
Cooling for instantons and the Wrath of Nahm


  The dynamics of instantons and anti-instantons in lattice QCD can be studied
by analysing the action and topological charge of configurations as they
approach a self-dual or anti-self-dual state, i.e. a state in which S/S_0=|Q|.
We use cooling to reveal the semi-classical structure of the configurations we
study. Improved actions which eliminate discretization errors up to and
including O(a^4) are used to stabilise instantons as we cool for several
thousand sweeps. An analogously improved lattice version of the continuum
field-strength tensor is used to construct a topological charge free from
O(a^4) discretization errors. Values of the action and topological charge
obtained with these improved operators approach mutually-consistent integer
values to within a few parts in 10^4 after several hundred cooling sweeps.
Analysis of configurations with |Q| \approx 1 and |Q| \approx 2 supports the
hypothesis that a self-dual |Q|=1 configuration cannot exist on the 4-torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125687 </DOCNO>
The Swinburne Intermediate Latitude Pulsar Survey


  We have conducted a survey of intermediate Galactic latitudes using the
13-beam 21-cm multibeam receiver of the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. The survey
covered the region enclosed by 5 deg < |b| < 15 deg and -100 deg < l < 50 deg
with 4,702 processed pointings of 265 s each, for a total of 14.5 days of
integration time. Thirteen
 2x96-channel filterbanks provided 288 MHz of bandwidth at a centre frequency
of 1374 MHz, one-bit sampled every 125 microsec and incurring ~DM/13.4 cm^-3 pc
samples of dispersion smearing. The system was sensitive to slow and most
millisecond pulsars in the region with flux densities greater than
approximately
 0.3--1.1 mJy. Offline analysis on the 64-node Swinburne workstation cluster
resulted in the detection of 170 pulsars of which 69 were new discoveries.
Eight of the new pulsars, by virtue of their small spin periods and period
derivatives, may be recycled and have been reported elsewhere. The slow pulsars
discovered are typical of those already known in the volume searched, being of
intermediate to old age. Several pulsars experience pulse nulling and two
display very regular drifting sub-pulses. We discuss the new discoveries and
provide timing parameters for the 48 slow pulsars for which we have a
phase-connnected solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114036 </DOCNO>
Independent Eigenstates of Angular Momentum in a Quantum N-body System


  The global rotational degrees of freedom in the Schr\"{o}dinger equation for
an $N$-body system are completely separated from the internal ones. After
removing the motion of center of mass, we find a complete set of $(2\ell+1)$
independent base functions with the angular momentum $\ell$. These are
homogeneous polynomials in the components of the coordinate vectors and the
solutions of the Laplace equation, where the Euler angles do not appear
explicitly. Any function with given angular momentum and given parity in the
system can be expanded with respect to the base functions, where the
coefficients are the functions of the internal variables. With the right choice
of the base functions and the internal variables, we explicitly establish the
equations for those functions. Only (3N-6) internal variables are involved both
in the functions and in the equations. The permutation symmetry of the wave
functions for identical particles is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150302 </DOCNO>
SU(3)X SU(2)XU(1) Chiral Models from Intersecting D4-/D5-branes


  We clarify RR tadpole cancellation conditions for intersecting D4-/D5-branes.
We find all of the D4-brane models which have D=4 three-generation chiral
fermions with the SU(3)XSU(2)XU(1)^n symmetries. For the D5-brane case, we
present a solution to the conditions which gives exactly the matter contents of
standard model with U(1) anomalies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113427 </DOCNO>
Kinetic model of DNA replication in eukaryotic organisms


  We formulate a kinetic model of DNA replication that quantitatively describes
recent results on DNA replication in the in vitro system of Xenopus laevis
prior to the mid-blastula transition. The model describes well a large amount
of different data within a simple theoretical framework. This allows one, for
the first time, to determine the parameters governing the DNA replication
program in a eukaryote on a genome-wide basis. In particular, we have
determined the frequency of origin activation in time and space during the cell
cycle. Although we focus on a specific stage of development, this model can
easily be adapted to describe replication in many other organisms, including
budding yeast.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127747 </DOCNO>
The Dark Galaxy Problem and the Effects of Substructure on Gravitational


  I argue that the cold dark matter (CDM) model requires that even within a few
kpc of the center of a galactic halo a significant fraction (greater than a few
percent) of the surface density is contained in substructures with masses >
10^3 solar masses. These structures should be light enough to avoid dynamical
friction and dense enough to avoid tidal disruption. I then show using the
results of numerical simulations that this substructure will significantly
alter the flux ratios of multiply imaged quasars (QSOs) without changing the
image positions. The degree to which this occurs will depend on the angular
size of the QSO and thus the wavelength of the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2516 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Magnetization of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas


  Spontaneous magnetization of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is
discussed. It takes place for sufficiently high electron density (i.e. for a
quantum fluid state) with $r_s<10$ which is quite beyond the condition of
Wigner crystallization $(r_s>37)$ obtained by Tanatar and Ceperley. The effect
essentially depends upon screening and disorder . The energy interval under the
Fermi level where a spin polarization occurs as a function of electron density
is computed. The spontaneous magnetic moment and a decrease of electron density
of states (pseudo-gap) at the Fermi level are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126764 </DOCNO>
Seismic study of stellar convective cores


  It has been shown that a discontinuity in the derivatives of the sound speed
at the edge of the convective regions inside a star gives rise to a
characteristic oscillatory signal in the frequencies of stellar oscillations.
This oscillatory signal has been suggested as a means to study the base of the
outer convection zone in low mass stars and possibly the outer edge of the
convective core in high mass stars. Using stellar models we show that because
of a phenomenon similar to aliasing in Fourier transform, it may not be
possible to use this signal to detect the convective core. Nevertheless, it may
be possible to determine the size of convective cores using the frequency
separation \nu_{n+1,l}-\nu_{n,l}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4804 </DOCNO>
An `all-carbon' molecular device


  We have performed parameter-free calculations of electron transport across a
carbon molecular junction consisting of a C$_{60}$ molecule sandwiched between
two semi-infinite metallic carbon nanotubes. It is shown that the Landauer
conductance of this carbon hybrid system can be tuned within orders of
magnitude not only by varying the tube-C$_{60}$ distance, but more importantly
at fixed distances by i) changing the orientation of the Buckminsterfullerene
or ii) rotating one of the tubes around its cylinder axis. Furthermore, it is
explicitely shown that structural relaxation determines qualitatively the
transmission spectrum of such devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149256 </DOCNO>
SUSY a consequence of smoothness?


  The consequences of certain simple assumptions like smoothness of ground
state properties and vanishing of the vacuum energy (at least perturbatively)
are explored. It would be interesting from the point of view of building
realistic theories to obtain these properties without supersymmetry. Here we
show, however, at least in some quantum mechanical models, that these simple
assumptions lead to supersymmetric theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41841 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the B0-anti-B0-Oscillation Frequency with Inclusive


  The $B^0$-$\bar B^0$ oscillation frequency has been measured with a sample of
23 million $\B\bar B$ pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II
asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. In this sample, we select events in which both B
mesons decay semileptonically and use the charge of the leptons to identify the
flavor of each B meson. A simultaneous fit to the decay time difference
distributions for opposite- and same-sign dilepton events gives $\Delta m_d =
0.493 \pm 0.012{(stat)}\pm 0.009{(syst)}$ ps$^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4922 </DOCNO>
Second layer nucleation and the shape of wedding cakes


  The rate of second layer nucleation -- the formation of a stable nucleus on
top of a two-dimensional island -- determines both the conditions for
layer-by-layer growth, and the size of the top terrace of multilayer mounds in
three-dimensional homoepitaxial growth. It was recently shown that conventional
mean field nucleation theory overestimates the rate of second layer nucleation
by a factor that is proportional to the number of times a given site is visited
by an adatom during its residence time on the island. In the presence of strong
step edge barriers this factor can be large, leading to a substantial error in
previous attempts to experimentally determine barrier energies from the onset
of second layer nucleation. In the first part of the paper simple analytic
estimates of second layer nucleation rates based on a comparison of the
relevant time scales will be reviewed. In the main part the theory of second
layer nucleation is applied to the growth of multilayer mounds in the presence
of strong but finite step edge barriers. The shape of the mounds is obtained by
numerical integration of the deterministic evolution of island boundaries,
supplemented by a rule for nucleation in the top layer. For thick films the
shape converges to a simple scaling solution. The scaling function is
parametrized by the coverage $\theta_c$ of the top layer, and takes the form of
an inverse error function cut off at $\theta_c$. The surface width of a film of
thickness $d$ is $\sqrt{(1- \theta_c) d}$. Finally, we show that the scaling
solution can be derived also from a continuum growth equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98032 </DOCNO>
Harmonic analysis on the infinite-dimensional unitary group and


  The infinite-dimensional unitary group U(infinity) is the inductive limit of
growing compact unitary groups U(N). In this paper we solve a problem of
harmonic analysis on U(infinity) stated in the previous paper math/0109193. The
problem consists in computing spectral decomposition for a remarkable
4-parameter family of characters of U(infinity). These characters generate
representations which should be viewed as analogs of nonexisting regular
representation of U(infinity).
  The spectral decomposition of a character of U(infinity) is described by the
spectral measure which lives on an infinite-dimensional space Omega of
indecomposable characters. The key idea which allows us to solve the problem is
to embed Omega into the space of point configurations on the real line without
2 points. This turns the spectral measure into a stochastic point process on
the real line. The main result of the paper is a complete description of the
processes corresponding to our concrete family of characters. We prove that
each of the processes is a determinantal point process. That is, its
correlation functions have determinantal form with a certain kernel. Our
kernels have a special `integrable' form and are expressed through the Gauss
hypergeometric function.
  In simpler situations of harmonic analysis on infinite symmetric group and
harmonic analysis of unitarily invariant measures on infinite hermitian
matrices similar results were obtained in our papers math/9810015,
math/9904010, math-ph/0010015.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77089 </DOCNO>
Old and new physics interpretations of the NuTeV anomaly


  We discuss whether the NuTeV anomaly can be explained, compatibly with all
other data, by QCD effects (maybe, if the strange sea is asymmetric, or there
is a tiny violation of isospin), new physics in propagators or couplings of the
vector bosons (not really), loops of supersymmetric particles (no), dimension
six operators (yes, for one specific SU(2)-invariant operator), leptoquarks
(not in a minimal way), extra U(1) gauge bosons (maybe: an unmixed Z' coupled
to B-3L_mu also increases the muon g-2 by about 10^{-9} and gives a `burst' to
cosmic rays above the GZK cutoff).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129699 </DOCNO>
Solar Neutrinos: Probing the Quasi-Isothermal Solar Core Produced by


  SNO measurements strongly constrain the central temperature of the Sun within
a precision of much less than 1%. This result can be used to constrain the
parameter space of SUSY dark matter particle candidates. In this first analysis
we find a lower limit for the WIMP mass of 60 GeV, well above the WIMP
evaporation limit of 10 GeV. Furthermore, in the event that WIMPs create a
quasi-isothermal core within the Sun, they will produce a peculiar distribution
of the solar neutrino fluxes measured on Earth. Typically, a WIMP with a mass
of 100 GeV and annihilation cross-section of 1E-34 cm^3/sec, will decrease the
standard solar model neutrino predictions, by up to 4% for the Cl, by 3% for
the heavy water, and by 1% for the Ga detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41354 </DOCNO>
Properties of hadronic final states in diffractive deep inelastic ep


  Characteristics of the hadronic final state of diffractive deep inelastic
scattering events, ep -> eXp, were studied in the kinematic range 4 < M_X < 35
GeV, 4 < Q^2 < 150 GeV^2, 70 < W < 250 GeV and 0.0003 < x_pom < 0.03 with the
ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 13.8 pb^{-1}. The
events were tagged by identifying the diffractively scattered proton using the
leading proton spectrometer. The properties of the hadronic final state, X,
were studied in its center-of-mass frame using thrust, thrust angle,
sphericity, energy flow, transverse energy flow and ``seagull'' distributions.
As the invariant mass of the system increases, the final state becomes more
collimated, more aligned and more asymmetric in the average transverse momentum
with respect to the direction of the virtual photon. Comparisons of the
properties of the hadronic final state with predictions from various Monte
Carlo model generators suggest that the final state is dominated by qqg states
at the parton level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124519 </DOCNO>
Likelihood analysis of the CfA2+SSRS2 and of the Las Campanas redshift


  We present the results from the correlation analysis of two galactic redshift
surveys, the extended CfA2+SSRS2 and the slice centered on $\delta=-12^{\circ}$
of Las Campanas. Furthermore, we evaluate the likelihood confidence regions for
the CDM model and for the fractal model parameters. Our results indicate that,
although the CDM model is in good agreement with the data, the fractal
description cannot be ruled out, because of its intrinsic high variance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98355 </DOCNO>
Complex cobordism and embeddability of CR-manifolds


  This paper studies complex cobordisms between compact, three dimensional,
strictly pseudoconvex Cauchy-Riemann manifolds. Suppose the complex cobordism
is given by a complex 2-manifold X with one pseudoconvex and one pseudoconcave
end. We answer the following questions. What is the relation between the
embeddability of the pseudoconvex end and the embeddability of the
pseudoconcave end of X? Do all CR-functions on the pseudoconvex end of X extend
to holomorphic functions on the interior of X?
  We prove that embeddability of a strictly pseudoconvex Cauchy-Riemann
3-manifold is not a complex-cobordism invariant. We show that a new phenomenon
occurs: there are CR-functions on the pseudoconvex end that do not extend to
holomorphic functions on X. We also show that the extendability of the
CR-functions from the pseudoconvex end is necessary but not sufficient for
embeddability to be preserved under complex cobordisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127958 </DOCNO>
Variability of Soft X-ray Spectral Shape: Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies


  In order to understand how the soft X-ray spectra vary we present the
Hardness Ratio 1 versus Count Rates (HR1-CTs) correlation of 8 Narrow-line
Seyfert 1 Galaxies (NLS1s) and 14 Broad-line Seyfert1 Galaxies (BLS1s) obtained
during the ROSAT PSPC pointing observations. According to our criteria, six of
the NLS1s show a positive HR1-CTs correlation, and seven of the BLS1s display
an anti-correlation of HR1 versus CTs. The other 2 NLS1s and 7 BLS1s do not
show a clear HR1-CTs correlation. From these we can see that the NLS1s
statistically show a different spectral shape variability with flux change from
the BLS1s: the spectra of NLS1s become harder as total flux increases while
those of BLS1s soften. We attribute the different spectral variations to a
strong stable 'soft excess' in NLS1s, while it is weak in BLS1s. For two types
of objects, the power law component similarly becomes softer with increasing
intensity. These imply that the soft excess originates from the Big Blue Bump
and power law emission is from Compton upscattering of UV or Soft X-ray
photons. Our results are consistent with what is widely accepted that NLS1s
have smaller black hole masses and higher accretion rates than BLS1s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169457 </DOCNO>
Continuous-variable Werner state: separability, nonlocality, squeezing


  We investigate the separability, nonlocality and squeezing of
continuous-variable analogue of the Werner state: a mixture of pure two-mode
squeezed vacuum state with local thermal radiations. Utilizing this Werner
state, coherent-state teleportation in Braunstein-Kimble setup is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96262 </DOCNO>
Rationality properties of unipotent representations


  We describe those unipotent representations of a finite group of Lie type
which are defined over the rational numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95737 </DOCNO>
Coloured extension of GL_q(2) and its dual algebra


  We address the problem of duality between the coloured extension of the
quantised algebra of functions on a group and that of its quantised universal
enveloping algebra i.e. its dual. In particular, we derive explicitly the
algebra dual to the coloured extension of GL_q(2) using the coloured RLL
relations and exhibit its Hopf structure. This leads to a coloured
generalisation of the R-matrix procedure to construct a bicovariant
differential calculus on the coloured version of GL_q(2). In addition, we also
propose a coloured generalisation of the geometric approach to quantum group
duality given by Sudbery and Dobrev.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125097 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Spindown by a Fall-Back Disk and the P-P_dot Diagram


  Neutron stars may be surrounded by fall-back disks formed from supernova
core-collapse. If the disk circumscribes the light-cylinder, the neutron star
will be an active radio pulsar spinning down under the propeller spin-down
torque applied by the disk as well as the usual magnetic dipole radiation
torque. Evolution across the P-P_dot diagram is very rapid when pulsar
spin-down is dominated by the propeller torque. This explains the distribution
of pulsars in the P-P_dot diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149081 </DOCNO>
N=8 matter coupled AdS_3 supergravities


  Following the recent construction of maximal (N=16) gauged supergravity in
three dimensions, we derive gauged D=3, N=8 supergravities in three dimensions
as deformations of the corresponding ungauged theories with scalar manifolds
SO(8,n)/(SO(8)x SO(n)). As a special case, we recover the N=(4,4) theories with
local SO(4) = SO(3)_L x SO(3)_R, which reproduce the symmetries and massless
spectrum of D=6, N=(2,0) supergravity compactified on AdS_3 x S^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74943 </DOCNO>
Applications of scalar attractor solutions to Cosmology


  We develop a framework to study the phase space of a system consisting of a
scalar field rolling down an arbitrary potential with varying slope and a
background fluid, in a cosmological setting. We give analytical approximate
solutions of the field evolution and discuss applications of its features to
the issues of quintessence, moduli stabilisation and quintessential inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150118 </DOCNO>
On the theory of scalar pair production by a potential barrier


  The problem of the scalar pair production by a one-dimensional vector-
potential $A_{\mu}(x_3)$ is reduced to the $S-$ matrix formalism of the theory
with an unstable vacuum. Our choice of in- and out-states does not coincide
with that of other authors and we argue extensively in favor of our choice. In
terms of our classification the states that can be created by the field enter
into the field operator in the same way as do the states that cannot be created
by the field, i.e. the field operator has the usual form. We show that the norm
of a solution of the wave equation is determined by one of the amplitude of its
asymptotic form for $x_3\to \pm\infty$. For the step potential and for the
constant field potential we get the explicit expressions for the complete in-
and out-sets of orthonormalized wave functions. For the constant electric field
we obtain the scalar particle propagator in terms of the stationary states and
show that with our choice of in- and out-states it has the form dictated by the
general theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73884 </DOCNO>
A New Fit to Solar Neutrinos Using Extra Dimensions


  A neutrino mass-mixing scheme which explains qualitatively all present
evidence for neutrino mass (the solar and atmospheric neutrino deficits, LSND,
and hot dark matter), and also makes possible heavy-element nucleosynthesis by
supernovae, requires at least one light sterile neutrino. String-inspired
models with sub-millimeter extra dimensions provide naturally light sterile
neutrinos, as is needed to explain the solar nu_e deficit. This bulk sterile
neutrino provides a better fit to the solar data than conventional models by
having vacuum oscillations of the nu_e to its zero mode and MSW oscillations to
its first few Kaluza-Klein modes. While the prediction of the Super-Kamiokande
energy spectrum gives a fit probability of 73%, the superior energy resolution
of SNO's charged-current spectrum will determine whether this neutrino scheme
is correct and can demonstrate that an extra dimension of ~60 mu m exists.
Should this be the case, there are important implications for supernovae,
ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, double beta decay, and dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5727 </DOCNO>
A Geometric Renormalisation Group and Fixed Point Behavior in Discrete


  We reformulate our dynamical networks, developed elsewhere, as causal sets,
more properly, time dependent graphs, carrying a dynamical causal structure
which is space-time dependent, thus incorporating the spirit of general
relativity. In the main part of the paper we then develop a geometric
renormalisation group, acting on these networks or graphs, aiming at
coarse-graining the fine structure, being prevalent at or around the Planck
scale. We show that repeated application of these renormalisation steps may
lead to a macroscopic fixed point or attracting fixed phase, playing the role
of a continuous macroscopic phase, we call space-time. We furthermore show that
this renormalisation map can be understood as a physically meaningful
(endo)functor in some category `Graphs'.
  To study the nature of our coarse-graining procedure in more detail, we
employ the concept of network or graph dimension as an important geometric
characteristic of such large irregular arrays of degrees of freedom. We show
that this is a relatively stable concept and that changing it implies some sort
of geometric critical behavior or long-range correlations in the depth
structure of our space-time manifold. We point out that these hidden long-range
correlations may be crucial for the interpretation of the well-known but
difficult to understand quantum non-local behavior, being observed in the more
traditional framework of quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7162 </DOCNO>
Formation and rapid evolution of domain structure at phase transitions


  We present the first analytical study of stability loss and evolution of
domain structure in inhomogeneous ferroelectric samples for exactly solvable
model. The model assumes a short-circuited capacitor with two regions with
slightly different critical temperatures $T_{c1}>T_{c2}$, where $T_{c1}-T_{c2}
\ll T_{c1}, T_{c2}$. Even a tiny inhomogeneity like $10^{-3}-10^{-2}$K or less
results in splitting the system into domains below the phase transition
temperature. At $T<T_{c2}$ the domain width $a$ is proportional to
$(T_{c1}-T)/(T_{c1} - T_{c2})$ and quickly increases with lowering temperature
to values much larger than the classical (Kittel) width. The effect is large
and may result, for instance, from a minute thermal gradient in the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5411 </DOCNO>
Quantum spin glass transition in the two-dimensional electron gas


  We discuss the possibility of spin glass order in the vicinity of the
unexpected metallic state of the two-dimensional electron gas in zero applied
magnetic field. An average ferromagnetic moment may also be present, and the
spin glass order then resides in the plane orthogonal to the ferromagnetic
moment. We argue that a quantum transition involving the destruction of the
spin glass order in an applied in-plane magnetic field offers a natural
explanation of some features of recent magnetoconductance measurements. We
present a quantum field theory for such a transition and compute its mean field
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149143 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity in linear dilaton background


  We consider quantization of open string theories in linear dilaton and
constant antisymmetric tensor backgrounds and discuss the noncommutativity of
space-time coordinates arising in such theories, including their relationship
with light-like noncommutativity as well as backgrounds with null isometries.
It is argued that the results can also be understood using space-time equations
of motion of the string modes. We then present N= 2 supersymmetric
generalization of these theories and the associated noncommutativity structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99226 </DOCNO>
Stability of C^*-algebra associated with the twisted CCR


  The $C^*$-algebra associated with the twisted CCR constructed by W. Pusz and
S.L. Woronowicz is considered. It is proved that the $C^*$-algebras
corresponding to different values of parameter $0<=\mu<1$ are isomorphic. It is
proved that Fock representation is faithful on both *-algebra and $C^*$-algebra
levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98513 </DOCNO>
On the analytic zero divisor conjecture of Linnell


  In this note we prove that in the case of finitely generated amenable groups
the classical zero divisor conjecture implies the analytic zero divisor
conjecture of Linnell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168899 </DOCNO>
Simple Scheme for Efficient Linear Optics Quantum Gates


  We describe the construction of a conditional quantum control-not (CNOT) gate
from linear optical elements following the program of Knill, Laflamme and
Milburn [Nature {\bf 409}, 46 (2001)]. We show that the basic operation of this
gate can be tested using current technology. We then simplify the scheme
significantly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3485 </DOCNO>
Biexcitonic Liquid in $\beta$-ZnP$_{2}$ Crystal: Quantum Bose Liquid and


  A phonon-roton dispersion relation is proposed for the elementary excitations
of a quantum biexcitonic liquid in semiconductors. The proposed dispersion
relation is used as a starting point for a calculation of the photoluminescence
spectrum of the liquid and an analysis of its behavior under variation of the
temperature and density of the biexcitonic liquid. The parameters of the
dispersion curve of elementary excitations of the quantum biexcitonic liquid
are evaluated by fitting the calculated photoluminescence spectrum to the
experimental spectrum of the biexcitonic liquid of semiconducting $\beta
$-ZnP$_{2}$ crystals. Experimental studies of how the photoluminescence
spectrum of a biexcitonic liquid in $\beta $-ZnP$_{2}$ depends on the
temperature and the intensity of the laser excitation confirm the initial
theoretical model. The dependence of the temperature of the crystals on the
excitation intensity is measured, and for some of the samples an anomalous
dependence is found: the temperature of the crystal decreases as the excitation
intensity increases. This effect is probably a consequence of the giant thermal
conductivity of the superfluid biexcitonic liquid in $\beta $-ZnP$_{2}$
crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73578 </DOCNO>
J/psi Suppression and Enhancement in Au+Au Collisions at the BNL RHIC


  We consider the production of the J/psi mesons in heavy ion collisions at
RHIC energies in the statistical coalescence model with an exact (canonical
ensemble) charm conservation. The c\bar{c} quark pairs are assumed to be
created in the primary hard parton collisions, but the formation of the open
and hidden charm particles takes place at the hadronization stage and follows
the prescription of statistical mechanics. The dependence of the J/psi
production on both the number of nucleon participants and the collision energy
is studied. The model predicts the J/psi suppression for low energies, whereas
at the highest RHIC energy the model reveals the J/psi enhancement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85839 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Born-Infeld Cosmologies


  Anisotropic cosmological spacetimes are constructed from spherically
symmetric solutions to Einstein's equations coupled to nonlinear
electrodynamics and a positive cosmological constant. This is accomplished by
finding solutions in which the roles of $r$ and $t$ are interchanged for all
$r>0$ (i.e. $r$ becomes timelike and $t$ becomes spacelike). Constant time
hypersurfaces have topology $R\times S^2$ and in all the spacetimes considered
the radius of the two sphere vanishes as $t$ goes to zero. The scale factor of
the other dimension diverges as $t$ goes to zero in some solutions and vanishes
(or goes to a constant) in other solutions. At late times local observers would
see the universe to be homogeneous and isotropic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97763 </DOCNO>
On certain Cuntz-Pimsner algebras


  Let $A$ be a separable unital C*-algebra and let $\pi : A \ra \Lc(\Hf)$ be a
faithful representation of $A$ on a separable Hilbert space $\Hf$ such that
$\pi(A) \cap \Kc(\Hf) = \{0 \}$. We show that $\Oc_E$, the Cuntz-Pimsner
algebra associated to the Hilbert $A$-bimodule $E = \Hf \ot_{\C} A$, is simple
and purely infinite. If $A$ is nuclear and belongs to the bootstrap class to
which the UCT applies, then the same applies to $\Oc_E$. Hence by the
Kirchberg-Phillips Theorem the isomorphism class of $\Oc_E$ only depends on the
$K$-theory of $A$ and the class of the unit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168031 </DOCNO>
Geometrisation of quantum formalism


  We show that the Dirac equation can be rewritten as a relation describing the
fundamental symmetry group of special topological manifold corresponding to the
Dirac wave field. It leads to unification of the time-space and internal
symmetries within one symmetry group. We suppose that nonelectromagnetic
interactions appear within such approach as the deviations of the metrics from
the euclidian form. The expression for the long-range part of "effective"
nucleon-nucleon potential is derived using this assumption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5395 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in self-gravitating systems. Self-gravitating fermions


  We discuss the nature of phase transitions in self-gravitating systems both
in the microcanonical and in the canonical ensemble. We avoid the divergence of
the gravitational potential at short distances by considering the case of
self-gravitating fermions and hard spheres models. Three kinds of phase
transitions (of zeroth, first and second order) are evidenced. They separate a
``gaseous'' phase with a smoothly varying distribution of matter from a
``condensed'' phase with a core-halo structure. We propose a simple analytical
model to describe these phase transitions. We determine the value of energy (in
the microcanonical ensemble) and temperature (in the canonical ensemble) at the
transition point and we study their dependance with the degeneracy parameter
(for fermions) or with the size of the particles (for a hard spheres gas).
Scaling laws are obtained analytically in the asymptotic limit of a small short
distance cut-off. Our analytical model captures the essential physics of the
problem and compares remarkably well with the full numerical solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7538 </DOCNO>
Boson induced s-wave pairing in dilute boson-fermion mixtures


  We show that in dilute boson-fermion mixtures with fermions in two internal
states, even when the bare fermion-fermion interaction is repulsive, the
exchange of density fluctuations of the Bose condensate may lead to an
effective fermion-fermion attraction, and thus to a Cooper instability in the
s-wave channel. We give an analytical method to derive the associated $T_c$ in
the limit where the phonon branch of the Bogoliubov excitation spectrum of the
bosons is important. We find a $T_c$ of the same order as for a pure Fermi gas
with bare attraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4298 </DOCNO>
Spin susceptibility of the superfluid $^{3}$He-B in aerogel


  The temperature dependence of paramagnetic susceptibility of the superfluid
^{3}He-B in aerogel is found. Calculations have been performed for an arbitrary
phase shift of s-wave scattering in the framework of BCS weak coupling theory
and the simplest model of aerogel as an aggregate of homogeneously distributed
ordinary impurities. Both limiting cases of the Born and unitary scattering can
be easily obtained from the general result. The existence of gapless
superfluidity starting at the critical impurity concentration depending on the
value of the scattering phase has been demonstrated. While larger than in the
bulk liquid the calculated susceptibility of the B-phase in aerogel proves to
be conspicuously smaller than that determined experimentally in the high
pressure region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6620 </DOCNO>
Duality and Multicritical Point of Two-Dimensional Spin Glasses


  Determination of the precise location of the multicritical point and phase
boundary is a target of active current research in the theory of spin glasses.
In this short note we develop a duality argument to predict the location of the
multicritical point and the shape of the phase boundary in models of spin
glasses on the square lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5888 </DOCNO>
Effects of temperature and adsorbates on the composition profile of


  Monte-Carlo simulation technique has been used to investigate the effect of
temperature and adsorbed gases on the composition profile of unsupported Pt-Rh
nanocatalysts. For a 2406 atom fcc cubo-octahedral Pt$_{\rm{}50}$Rh$_{\rm{}50}$
nanocatalyst the shell-wise composition for all the eight shells has been
simulated. For the temperatures 700 K, 1000 K and 1300 K, the top shell of
clean Pt-Rh nanocatalysts is found to be mildly Pt-enriched, while the second
shell is Pt-depleted. The Pt concentration of the top shell shows a maximum at
T = 1000 K. In presence of a quarter monolayer of adsorbed oxygen the top shell
shows Rh enrichment, while all the other shells show Pt-enrichment. This is
true for all the three temperatures for which the composition profiles have
been studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129025 </DOCNO>
Gamma ray bursts: some facts and ideas


  Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most explosive events after the big bang:
their energy output corresponds to a sizeable fraction of a solar mass entirely
converted into energy in a few seconds. Although many questions about their
progenitors remain to be answered, it is likely that they are generated by a
newly formed and fast spinning black hole. The colossal power characterizing
GRBs is carried by a surprisingly small amount of matter, which is accelerated
to speeds differing from c by one part in ten thousands. GRBs are then the most
(special and general) relativistic objects we know of. Since GRBs are the
brightest sources at high redshift, albeit for a limited amount of time, they
are also the best torchlights we have to shine the far universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81480 </DOCNO>
Testing a Fourier Accelerated Hybrid Monte Carlo Algorithm


  We describe a Fourier Accelerated Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm suitable for
dynamical fermion simulations of non-gauge models. We test the algorithm in
supersymmetric quantum mechanics viewed as a one-dimensional Euclidean lattice
field theory. We find dramatic reductions in the autocorrelation time of the
algorithm in comparison to standard HMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129593 </DOCNO>
Magnetic fields of isolated neutron stars: evidence for decay


  We show, that different types of isolated neutron stars (INSs) show evidence
in favor of magnetic field decay in these objects, and discuss how observations
of INSs can help to constrain models of field decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73390 </DOCNO>
Quantum Electrodynamics of the Helium Atom


  Using singlet S states of the helium atom as an example, I describe precise
calculation of energy levels in few-electron atoms. In particular, a complete
set of effective operators is derived which generates O(m*alpha^6) relativistic
and radiative corrections to the Schr"odinger energy. Average values of these
operators can be calculated using a variational Schr"odinger wave function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174820 </DOCNO>
13LambdaC Hypernucleus Studied with the 13C(K-, pi- gamma) Reaction


  The 13LambdaC hypernucleus was studied by measuring gamma rays in coincidence
with the 13C(K-, pi-) reaction. gamma rays from the 1/2- and 3/2- states, which
are the partners of the spin-orbit doublet states with a predominant
configuration of [12C_g.s.(0+) x p_Lambda], to the ground state were measured.
The splitting of the states was found to be DeltaE(1/2- - 3/2-) =
+152+-54(stat)+-36(syst) keV. This value is 20-30 times smaller than that of
single particle states in nuclei around this mass region. The
j_Lambda=l_Lambda-1/2 ((p_1/2)_Lambda) state appeared higher in energy, as in
normal nuclei. The value gives new insight into the YN interaction. The
excitation energies of the 1/2- and 3/2- states were obtained as
10.982+-0.031(stat)+-0.056(syst) MeV and 10.830+-0.031(stat)+-0.056(syst) MeV,
respectively. We also observed gamma rays from the 3/2+ state, which has a
[12C(2+) x s_Lambda] configuration, to the ground state in 13LambdaC. The
excitation energy of the 3/2+ state was obtained as
4.880+-0.010(stat)+-0.017(syst) MeV. Nuclear gamma rays with energies of 4.438
and 15.100 MeV had similar yields, which suggests that a quasi-free knockout of
a Lambda particle is dominant in highly excited regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127403 </DOCNO>
Chemical Abundances of OB Stars with High Projected Rotational


  Elemental abundances of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, aluminum, and
silicon are presented for a sample of twelve rapidly rotating OB star (v sin i
> 60 km s^-1) members of the Cep OB2, Cyg OB3 and Cyg OB7 associations. The
abundances are derived from spectrum synthesis, using both LTE and non-LTE
calculations. As found in almost all previous studies of OB stars, the average
abundances are slightly below solar, by about 0.1 to 0.3 dex. In the case of
oxygen, even with the recently derived low solar abundances the OB stars are
closer to, but still below, the solar value. Results for the 9 Cep OB2 members
in this sample can be combined with results published previously for 8 Cep OB2
stars with low projected rotational velocities to yield the most complete set
of abundances, to date, for this particular association. These abundances
provide a clear picture of both the general chemical and individual stellar
evolution that has occurred within this association. By placing the Cep OB2
stars studied in an HR diagram we identify the presence of two distinct age
subgroups, with both subgroups having quite uniform chemical abundances. Two
stars are found in the older subgroup that show significant N/O overabundances,
with both stars being two of the most massive, the most evolved, and most
rapidly rotating of the members studied in Cep OB2. These characteristics of
increased N abundances being tied to high mass, rapid rotation, and an evolved
phase are those predicted from models of rotating stars which undergo
rotationally driven mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128995 </DOCNO>
A Planet Candidate in the Stellar Triple System HD178911


  We report the detection of a low-mass companion orbiting the solar-type star
HD178911B, the distant component of the stellar triple system HD178911. The
variability of HD178911B was first detected using radial-velocity measurements
obtained with the HIRES spectrograph mounted on the 10-m Keck1 telescope at the
W.M. Keck Observatory (Hawaii, USA). We then started an intense radial-velocity
follow up of the star with the ELODIE echelle spectrograph mounted on the
1.93-m telescope at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (France) in order to
derive its orbital solution. The detected planet candidate has an orbital
period of 71.5 days and a minimum mass of 6.3 Jupiter masses. We performed a
spectral analysis of the star, which shows that the lithium abundances in the
system are similar to those in another known planet-hosting wide binary stellar
system, 16 Cyg. In both systems the lithium is undetected in the atmosphere of
the visual secondary harboring the planetary companion, but is easily detected
in the spectrum of the visual primary. We discuss this similarity and its
ramifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41349 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Z/gamma* production in Compton scattering of quasi-real


  The process e+ e- -> e+ e- Z/gamma* is studied with the OPAL detector at LEP
at a centre of mass energy of sqrt(s) = 189 GeV. The cross-section times the
branching ratio of the Z/gamma* decaying into hadrons is measured within
Lorentz invariant kinematic limits to be (1.2 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.1) pb for invariant
masses of the hadronic system between 5 GeV and 60 GeV and (0.7 +/- 0.2 +/-
0.1) pb for hadronic masses above 60 GeV. The differential cross-sections of
the Mandelstam variables s-hat, t-hat, and u-hat are measured and compared with
the predictions from the Monte Carlo generators grc4f and PYTHIA. From this,
based on a factorisation ansatz, the total and differential cross-sections for
the subprocess e gamma -> e Z/gamma* are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179542 </DOCNO>
Pairing and continuum effects in nuclei close to the drip line


  The Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) equations in coordinate representation are
solved exactly, i.e., with correct asymptotic boundary conditions for the
continuous spectrum. The calculations are preformed with effective Skyrme
interactions. The exact HFB solutions are compared with HFB calculations based
on box boundary conditions and with resonant continuum Hartree-Fock-BCS
(HF-BCS) results. The comparison is done for the neutron-rich Ni isotopes. It
is shown that close to the drip line the amount of pairing correlations depends
on how the continuum coupling is treated. On the other hand, the resonant
continuum HF-BCS results are generally close to those of HFB even in
neutron-rich nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125339 </DOCNO>
Origins of Quasars and Galaxy Clusters


  The distribution on the sky of clusters of galaxies shows significant
association with relatively nearby, large, active galaxies. The pattern is that
of clusters paired equidistant across a central galaxy with the apparent
magnitudes and redshifts of their constituent galaxies being closely matched.
The clusters and the galaxies in them tend to be strong X-ray and radio
emitters and their redshifts occur at preferred redshift values. The central,
low redshift galaxies often show evidence of ejection in the direction of these
higher redshift clusters and the clusters often show elongation along these
lines. In most of these respects the clusters resemble quasars which have been
increasingly shown for the last 34 years to be similarly associated with active
parent galaxies. It is argued here that, empirically, the quasars are ejected
from active galaxies. They evolve to lower redshift with time, fragmenting at
the end of their development into clusters of low luminosity galaxies. The
cluster galaxies can be at the same distance as their lower redshift parents
because they still retain a component of their earlier, quasar intrinsic
redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76012 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading-log renormalization-group running in heavy-quarkonium


  In the framework of potential NRQCD, we obtain the next-to-leading-log
renormalization-group running of the matching coefficients for the heavy
quarkonium production currents near threshold. This allows to obtain S-wave
heavy-quarkonium production/annihilation observables with next-to-leading-log
accuracy within perturbative QCD. In particular, we give expressions for the
decays of heavy quarkonium to e^+e^- and to two photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1695 </DOCNO>
(De)Localization in the Prime Schrodinger Operator


  It is reported a combined numerical approach to study the localization
properties of the one-dimensional tight-binding model with potential modulated
along the prime numbers. A localization-delocalization transition was found as
function of the potential intensity; it is also argued that there are
delocalized states for any value of the potential intensity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128222 </DOCNO>
Speckle interferometry and radiative transfer modelling of the


  WR 118 is a highly evolved Wolf-Rayet star of the WC10 subtype surrounded by
a permanent dust shell absorbing and re-emitting in the infrared a considerable
fraction of the stellar luminosity. We present the first diffraction-limited
2.13micron speckle interferometric observations of WR 118 with 73 mas
resolution. The speckle interferograms were obtained with the 6m telescope at
the Special Astrophysical Observatory. The two-dimensional visibility function
of the object does not show any significant deviation from circular symmetry.
The visibility curve declines towards the diffraction cut-off frequency to 0.66
and can be approximated by a linear function. Radiative transfer calculations
have been carried out to model the spectral energy distribution, given in the
range of 0.5-25micron, and our 2.13micron visibility function, assuming
spherical symmetry of the dust shell. Both can be fitted with a model
containing double-sized grains (``small'' and ``large'') with the radii of a =
0.05micron and 0.38micron, and a mass fraction of the large grains greater than
65%. Alternatively, a good match can be obtained with the grain size
distribution function n(a)~a^-3, with a ranging between 0.005micron and
0.6micron. At the inner boundary of the modelled dust shell (angular diameter
(17 +/- 1)mas), the temperature of the smallest grains and the dust shell
density are 1750K +/- 100K and (1 +/- 0.2)x10^-19 g/cm^3, respectively. The
dust formation rate is found to be (1.3 +/- 0.5)x10^-7 Msol/yr assuming Vwind =
1200 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98620 </DOCNO>
Wright type delay differential equations with negative Schwarzian


  We prove that the well-known 3/2 stability condition established for the
Wright equation (WE) still holds if the nonlinearity $p(\exp(-x)-1)$ in WE is
replaced by a decreasing or unimodal smooth function f with $f'(0)<0$
satisfying the standard negative feedback and below boundedness conditions and
having everywhere negative Schwarz derivative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75267 </DOCNO>
Putting Liouville String Models of (Quantum) Gravity to Test


  Critical String Theory is by definition an $S$-matrix theory. In this sense,
(quantum) gravity situations where a unitary $S$-matrix may not be a
well-defined concept, as a consequence of the existence of macroscopic (global)
or microscopic (local) gravitational fluctuations with event horizons, present
a challenge to string theory. In this article, we take some modest steps in
suggesting alternative treatments of such cases via non-critical (Liouville)
strings,which do not have a well-defined S matrix, but for which a
superscattering \$ matrix is mathematically consistent. After a brief review of
the underlying mathematical formalism, we consider a specific stringy model of
induced non-criticality, with dynamical formation of horizons, associated with
the recoil of a D-particle defect, embedded in our four-dimensional space time,
during its scattering with a (macroscopic) number of closed string states. We
study in detail the associated spacetime distortion in the neighbourhood of the
defect, which has the form of a finite-radius curved `bubble', matched with a
Minkowskian space-time in the exterior. As a consequence of the non-criticality
of the underlying sigma-model, the space time is unstable, and has non-trivial
stochastic properties: thermal properties due to its ``Rindler accelerating
nature'', and entropy growth for an asymptotic observer, associated with
information being carried away by the `recoil' degrees of freedom. We also
discuss phenomenological (and cosmological) constraints on the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6786 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Analysis of a Confined, Interacting Bose Gas


  The renormalization group is not only a powerful method for describing
universal properties of phase transitions but it is also useful for evaluating
non- universal properties beyond mean-field theory. In this contribution we
concentrate on these latter aspects of the renormalization group approach. We
introduce its main underlying ideas in the familiar context of the ideal Bose
gas and then apply them to the case of an interacting, confined Bose gas within
the framework of the random phase approximation. We model confinement by
periodic boundary conditions and demonstrate how confinement modifies the flow
equations of the renormalization group changing thus the thermodynamic
properties of the gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96044 </DOCNO>
A lower bound in an approximation problem involving the zeros of the


  We slightly improve the lower bound of Baez-Duarte, Balazard, Landreau and
Saias in the Nyman-Beurling formulation of the Riemann Hypothesis as an
approximation problem. We construct Hilbert space vectors which could prove
useful in the context of the so-called `Hilbert-Polya idea'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149948 </DOCNO>
D-Brane Probe and Closed String Tachyons


  We consider a D-brane probe in unstable string background associated with
flux branes. The twist in spacetime metric reponsible for the supersymmetry
breaking is shown to manifest itself in mixing of open Wilson lines with the
phases of some adjoint matter fields, resulting in a nonlocal and
nonsupersymmetric form of Yang-Mills theory as the probe dynamics. This
provides a setup where one can study fate of a large class of unstable closed
string theories that include as a limit type 0 theories and various orbifolds
of type II and type 0 theories. We discuss the limit of ${\bf C}/Z_n$ orbifold
in some detail and speculate on couplings with closed string tachyons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2019 </DOCNO>
Fano and Kondo resonance in electronic current through nanodevices


  Electronic transport through a quantum dot strongly coupled to electrodes is
studied within a model with two conduction channels. It is shown that multiple
scattering and interference of transmitted waves through both channels lead to
Fano resonance associated with Kondo resonance. Interference effects are also
pronouncedly seen in transport through the Aharonov-Bohm ring with the Kondo
dot, where the current characteristics continuously evolve with the magnetic
flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7448 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Absence of a Slater Transition in the Two-Dimensional


  In a recent paper, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 167010/1-4 (2001), Moukouri and
Jarrell presented evidence that in the two-dimensional (d=2) Hubbard model at
half-filling there is a metal-insulator transition (MIT) at finite temperature
even in weak coupling. While we agree with the numerical results of that paper,
we arrive at different conclusions: The apparent gap at finite-temperature can
be understood, at weak-coupling, as a crossover phenomenon involving large (but
not infinite) antiferromagnetic (AFM) correlation length. Phase-space effects
on the self-energy in d=2 are crucial, as are the ratio between AFM correlation
length and single-particle thermal de Broglie wavelength. In weak coupling,
d=2, there is in general no finite-temperature MIT transition in the
thermodynamic sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87282 </DOCNO>
Are spacetime horizons higher dimensional sources of energy fields? (The


  We explore the possibility that spacetime horizons in 4D general relativity
can be treated as manifestations of higher dimensions that induce fields on our
4D spacetime. In this paper we discuss the black hole event horizon, as an
example (we leave the cosmological case for future discussion). Starting off
from the field equations of gravity in 5D and some conditions on the metric we
construct a spacetime whose imbedding is a 4D generalization of the
Schwarzchild metric. The external region of the imbedded spacetime is found to
contain two distinct fields. We discuss the properties of the fields and the
potential implications. Taken as they are, the results suggest that the
collapse of matter to form a horizon may have non-local consequences on the
geometry of spacetime. In general, the use of horizon-confined mass as a
coordinate suggests three potential features of our universe. The first is that
the observed 4D spacetime curvature and ordinary matter fields may be hybrid
features of 5D originating from the mixing of coordinates. Secondly, because
the fifth coordinate induces physical fields on the 4D hyperface, the global
metric of the universe may not be asymptotically flat. And finally, associating
matter with an independent dimension points towards a theory of nature that is
scale invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98544 </DOCNO>
Linking numbers of measured foliations


  We generalise the average asymptotic linking number of a pair of
divergence-free vector fields on homology three-spheres by considering the
linking of a divergence-free vector field on a manifold of arbitrary dimension
with a codimension two foliation endowed with an invariant transverse measure.
We prove that the average asymptotic linking number is given by an integral of
Hopf type. Considering appropriate vector fields and measured foliations, we
obtain an ergodic interpretation of the Godbillon-Vey invariant of a family of
codimension one foliations discussed in math.GT/0111137.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113907 </DOCNO>
Estimation of Gravitational Constant `G_N' from CMBR data and Hubble's


  In the companion submission by the author entitled "What is Time ? A New
Mathematico-Physical and Information Theoretic Approach" broad outlines of the
Nature of Time that could be formulated on the basis of a finite coarse grained
and growing universe named CHALACHALA with the most basic entities called EKONS
has been sketched. Planck's Quantum of action has been given in the form of
angle (ratio). It has been possible to estimate the Gn by postulating that the
number of EKONS in the universe is just enough to make the universe flat. The
total number of EKONS constituting the universe and the number density have
been estimated. The resulting values agree within 17.5% of the measured value.
With these the mass of EKON has been estimated and applied to find the number
of EKONS constituting an electron and it is surmised that this number should be
prime and an estimate of this number has been made both for the electron and
the proton. It is shown that the EKON constant gives a definite meaning to the
cold matter hypothesis. Link with statistical thermodynamics has been
established. A number of relevant references and apt quotes from Eddington,
Dirac and Tolmon have been given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97554 </DOCNO>
On Quantum - Classical Correspondence for Baker's Map


  Quantum baker`s map is a model of chaotic system. We study quantum dynamics
for the quantum baker's map. We use the Schack and Caves symbolic description
of the quantum baker`s map. We find an exact expression for the expectation
value of the time dependent position operator. A relation between quantum and
classical trajectories is investigated. Breakdown of the quantum-classical
correspondence at the logarithmic timescale is rigorously established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169066 </DOCNO>
Analytic stochastic treatment of a nonlinear quantum model with negative


  We apply a proposal of Yuen and Tombesi, for treating stochastic problems
with negative diffusion, to the analytically soluble problem of the single-mode
anharmonic oscillator. We find that the associated stochastic realizations
include divergent trajectories. It is possible, however, to solve the
stochastic problem exactly, but the averaging must be performed with great
care. Unfortunately, this seems to imply that numerical simulation of the
stochastic problem is impractical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74767 </DOCNO>
The Long-Term Future of Extragalactic Astronomy


  If the current energy density of the universe is indeed dominated by a
cosmological constant, then high-redshift sources will remain visible to us
only until they reach some finite age in their rest-frame. The radiation
emitted beyond that age will never reach us due to the acceleration of the
cosmic expansion rate, and so we will never know what these sources look like
as they become older. As a source image freezes on a particular time frame
along its evolution, its luminosity distance and redshift continue to increase
exponentially with observation time. The higher the current redshift of a
source is, the younger it will appear as it fades out of sight. For the popular
set of cosmological parameters, I show that a source at a redshift z=5-10 will
only be visible up to an age of 4-6 billion years. Arguments relating the
properties of high-redshift sources to present-day counterparts will remain
indirect even if we continue to monitor these sources for an infinite amount of
time. These sources will not be visible to us when they reach the current age
of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114508 </DOCNO>
Non-adiabatic quantum molecular dynamics: Generalized formalism


  A generalized formalism of the so-called non-adiabatic quantum molecular
dynamics is presented, which applies for atomic many-body systems in external
laser fields. The theory treats the nuclear dynamics and electronic transitions
simultaneously in a mixed classical-quantum approach. Exact, self-consistent
equations of motion are derived from the action principle by combining
time-dependent density functional theory in basis expansion with classical
molecular dynamics. Structure and properties of the resulting equations of
motion as well as the energy and momentum balance equations are discussed in
detail. Future applications of the formalism are briefly outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97612 </DOCNO>
Cohomology with Grosshans graded coefficients


  Let the reductive group G act on the finitely generated commutative k-algebra
A. We ask if the finite generation property of the ring of invariants A^G
extends to the full rational cohomology ring H^*(G,A). We confirm this when
G=SL_2 and also when the characteristic of k is large and the action on A is
replaced by the `contracted' action on the Grosshans graded ring gr(A).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74848 </DOCNO>
On hard electroproduction of mesons: helicity flip amplitudes with


  We consider hard electroproduction of mesons at twist-3 level and focus our
attention on helicity flip amplitudes corresponding to the production of
transversely polarized mesons by transverse photons. We demonstrate that
helicity-flip amplitude for the transversely polarized particles are closely
related to the contributions of the matrix elements of the tensor gluon
operator which can serve as pure gluonic probe of the hadrons. Using standard
factorisation approach and Wanzura-Wilczek approximation for the twist-3 matrix
elements we find that such amplitudes do not have divergencies from the
endpoint regions which appear in the other twist-3 amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179486 </DOCNO>
Can Recent Charge Fluctuations Be a Reliable signal for a QGP at RHIC?


  The recent papers of Jeon and Koch [1] and Asakawa, Heinz, and Muller [2]
argue that the event by event fluctuations of the ratio of the positively
charged and negatively charged pions provide a distinct signal for a QGP at
RHIC/LHC due to differences in those from the QGP phase and the Hadron Gas
Phase.In this paper we point out that aside from the questionability of the
many assumptions in the treatment used,even following their approach there are
other effects not considered, e.g. color charge fluctuations, which could
significantly or even completely wash out the proposed signal.Therefore lack of
observation of these charge fluctuation signals cannot lead one to conclude
that a QGP is not formed at RHIC. A general discussion of experimental
requirements for observation of such signals(if they exist),annd how to
interpret them is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95487 </DOCNO>
Generalized Rayleigh-Schroedinger perturbation theory as a method of


  Sextic oscillator in D dimensions is considered as a typical quasi-exactly
solvable (QES) model. Usually, its QES N-plets of bound states have to be
computed using the coupled Magyari's nonlinear algebraic equations. We propose
and describe an alternative linear method which is N-independent and works with
power series in 1/\sqrt(D). Main merit: simultaneous exact solvability (for all
the QES states) in the first two leading orders (the degeneracy is completely
removed, the unperturbed spectrum is equidistant). An additional merit: All the
perturbation corrections are given by explicit matrix formulae in integer
arithmetics (there are no rounding errors).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128781 </DOCNO>
Transient growth in a shearing stratified atmosphere


  The stability of fully compressible isothermal shear flows is studied in
response to recent claims that such flows could be locally unstable to a linear
instability. The behavior of the solution is characterized by the
time-dependent Rayleigh quotient, which lies between the smallest and the
largest eigenvalue. The imaginary part of the Rayleigh quotient (corresponding
to a growth rate) is, for different initial conditions, always found to
approach zero provided the flow is Rayleigh stable (angular momentum increasing
outwards). The real part (corresponding to frequency) is usually growing
linearly in time, which reflects the progressive increase in wavenumber for
horizontally propagating sound waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1305 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic properties of a simple model of like-charged attracting


  We study the thermodynamic properties of a simple model for the possible
mechanism of attraction between like charged rodlike polyions inside a
polyelectrolyte solution. We consider two polyions in parallel planes, with $Z$
charges each, in a solution containing multivalent counterions of valence
$\alpha$. The model is solved exactly for $Z \le 13$ for a general angle
$\theta$ between the rods and supposing that $n$ counterions are condensed on
each polyion. The free energy has two minima, one at $\theta=0$ (parallel rods)
and another at $\theta=\pi/2$ (perpendicular rods). In general, in situations
where an attractive force develops at small distances between the centers of
the polyions, the perpendicular configuration has the lowest free energy at
large distances, while at small distances the parallel configuration minimizes
the free energy of the model. However, at low temperatures, a reentrant
behavior is observed, such that the perpendicular configuration is the global
minimum for both large and small distances, while the parallel configuration
minimizes the free energy at intermediate distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97815 </DOCNO>
Construction and Recognition of Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds with Geodesic


  We extend to the context of hyperbolic 3-manifolds with geodesic boundary
Thurston's approach to hyperbolization by means of geometric triangulations. In
particular, we introduce moduli for (partially) truncated hyperbolic
tetrahedra, and we discuss consistency and completeness equations. Moreover,
building on previous work of Ushijima, we extend Weeks' tilt formula algorithm,
which computes the Epstein-Penner canonical triangulation, to an algorithm that
computes the Kojima triangulation. The theory is particularly interesting in
the case of complete finite-volume manifolds with geodesic boundary in which
the boundary is non-compact. We include this case using a suitable adjustment
of the notion of ideal triangulation, and we show that the case naturally
arises within the theory of knots and links.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76303 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Decay Constraints on a Cosmological Scalar Field


  If the potential of a scalar field, Phi, which currently provides the ``dark
energy'' of the universe, has a negative minimum -M_0^4, then
quantum-mechanical fluctuations could nucleate a bubble of Phi at a negative
value of the potential. The bubble would expand at the speed of light. Given
that no such bubble enveloped us in the past, we find that any minimum in
V(Phi) must be separated from the current Phi value by more than min{1.5M_0,
0.21M_Pl}, where M_Pl is the Planck mass. We also show that vacuum decay
renders a cyclic or ekpyrotic universe with M_0^4 > 10^{-10}M_Pl^4, untenable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 355 </DOCNO>
Ordering dynamics of the driven lattice gas model


  The evolution of a two-dimensional driven lattice-gas model is studied on an
L_x X L_y lattice. Scaling arguments and extensive numerical simulations are
used to show that starting from random initial configuration the model evolves
via two stages: (a) an early stage in which alternating stripes of particles
and vacancies are formed along the direction y of the driving field, and (b) a
stripe coarsening stage, in which the number of stripes is reduced and their
average width increases. The number of stripes formed at the end of the first
stage is shown to be a function of L_x/L_y^\phi, with \phi ~ 0.2. Thus,
depending on this parameter, the resulting state could be either single or
multi striped. In the second, stripe coarsening stage, the coarsening time is
found to be proportional to L_y, becoming infinitely long in the thermodynamic
limit. This implies that the multi striped state is thermodynamically stable.
The results put previous studies of the model in a more general framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73092 </DOCNO>
On the Resummation of Large QCD Logarithms in Higgs -> 2 Photons Decay


  We study the strong corrections to the Higgs coupling to two photons. This
coupling is the dominant mechanism for Higgs production in photon-photon
collisions. In addition, the two photon decay mode of the Higgs is an important
and relatively background free channel of relevance at the LHC and the
Tevatron. We develop a method for the resummation of large QCD corrections in
the form of Sudakov-like logarithms of the type \alpha_s^n\ln^{2n}(m/m_H) and
\alpha_s^n\ln^{2n-1}(m/m_H) (where m is the light quark mass) which can
contribute to this process in certain models (for example, the MSSM for large
tan \beta) up to next-to-leading-logarithmic (NLL) accuracy. The NLL correction
is moderate, the substantial part of which comes from terms not related to
running coupling effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75331 </DOCNO>
L-Violating Supersymmetry - Implementation in PYTHIA and study of LHC


  In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the simultaneous
appearance of lepton and baryon number violation causes the proton to decay
much faster than the experimental bound allows. Customarily, a discrete
symmetry known as R-parity is imposed to forbid these dangerous interactions.
This work begins by arguing that there is no deep theoretical motivation for
preferring R-parity over other discrete symmetries and continues by adopting
the MSSM with baryon number conservation replacing R-parity conservation. For
the purpose of studying the influence of the consequent lepton number violating
interactions, 1278 new decay channels of supersymmetric particles into Standard
Model particles have been included in the PYTHIA event generator. The augmented
event generator is then used in combination with the atlfast detector
simulation to study the impact of lepton number violation on event topologies
in the ATLAS detector, and trigger menus designed for LV-SUSY are proposed
based on very general conclusions. The subsequent analysis uses a combination
of primitive cuts and neural networks to optimize the discriminating power
between signal and background events. In all scenarios studied, it is found
that a $5\sigma$ discovery is possible for cross sections down to $10^{-10}$ mb
with an integrated luminosity of 30 fb$^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86376 </DOCNO>
Teleparallel Gravity and Dimensional Reductions of Noncommutative Gauge


  We study dimensional reductions of noncommutative electrodynamics on flat
space which lead to gauge theories of gravitation. For a general class of such
reductions, we show that the noncommutative gauge fields naturally yield a
Weitzenbock geometry on spacetime and that the induced diffeomorphism invariant
field theory can be made equivalent to a teleparallel formulation of gravity
which macroscopically describes general relativity. The Planck length is
determined in this setting by the Yang-Mills coupling constant and the
noncommutativity scale. The effective field theory can also contain
higher-curvature and non-local terms which are characteristic of string theory.
Some applications to D-brane dynamics and generalizations to include the
coupling of ordinary Yang-Mills theory to gravity are also described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129240 </DOCNO>
Large-scale Correlation of Mass and Galaxies with the Lyman-alpha Forest


  We present predictions of the correlation between the Lyman-alpha forest
absorption in quasar spectra and the mass within \sim 5 Mpc/h (comoving) of the
line of sight, using fully hydrodynamic and hydro-PM numerical simulations of
the cold dark matter model supported by present observations. The observed
correlation based on galaxies and the Lya forest can be directly compared to
our theoretical results, assuming that galaxies are linearly biased on large
scales. Specifically, we predict the average value of the mass fluctuation,
<delta_m>, conditioned to a fixed value of the Lya forest transmitted flux
delta_F, after they have been smoothed over a 10 Mpc/h cube and line of sight
interval, respectively. We find that <delta_m>/sigma_m as a function of
delta_F/sigma_F has a slope of 0.6 at this smoothing scale, where sigma_m and
sigma_F are the rms dispersions (this slope should decrease with the smoothing
scale). We show that this value is largely insensitive to the cosmological
model and other Lya forest parameters. Comparison of our predictions to
observations should provide a fundamental test of our ideas on the nature of
the Lya forest and the distribution of galaxies, and can yield a measurement of
the bias factor of any type of galaxies that are observed in the vicinity of
Lya forest lines of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174675 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic E2 transition probabilities in 120Xe and 118Te - N=66


  Lifetimes of the yrast states in 120Xe and ground state band below and above
band crossing in 118Te have been measured by DSAM in the 111Cd(12C,3n) reaction
and by DSAM and RDM in the 109Ag(13C,p3n) reaction, respectively. The results
are compared with E2 transition probabilities in 119I and 128Ba. The
experimental data are compared with calculation done in the framework of the
IBM1 model in the O(6) and SU(5) limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3196 </DOCNO>
Slow relaxations and history dependence of the transport properties of


  We study numerically the time evolution of the transport properties of
layered superconductors after different preparations. We show that, in
accordance with recent experiments in BSCCO performed in the second peak region
of the phase diagram (Portier et al, 2001), the relaxation strongly depends on
the initial conditions and is extremely slow. We investigate the dependence on
the pinning center density and the perturbation applied. We compare the
measurements to recent findings in tapped granular matter and we interpret our
results with a rather simple picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4347 </DOCNO>
Electron Entanglement via a Quantum Dot


  This Letter presents a method of electron entanglement generation. The system
under consideration is a single-level quantum dot with one input and two output
leads. The leads are arranged such that the dot is empty, single electron
tunneling is suppressed by energy conservation, and two-electron virtual
co-tunneling is allowed. This yields a pure, non-local spin-singlet state at
the output leads. Coulomb interaction is the nonlinearity essential for
entanglement generation, and, in its absence, the singlet state vanishes. This
type of electron entanglement is a four-wave mixing process analogous to the
photon entanglement generated by a Chi-3 parametric amplifier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168459 </DOCNO>
'Beyond quantum theory: a realist psycho-biological interpretation of


  It is hypothesised, following Conrad et al. (1988)
(http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/~bdj10/papers/urbino.html) that quantum physics
is not the ultimate theory of nature, but merely a theoretical account of the
phenomena manifested in nature under particular conditions. These phenomena
parallel cognitive phenomena in biosystems in a number of ways and are assumed
to arise from related mechanisms. Quantum and biological accounts are
complementary in the sense of Bohr and quantum accounts may be incomplete. In
particular, following ideas of Stapp, 'the observer' is a system that, while
lying outside the descriptive capacities of quantum mechanics, creates
observable phenomena such as wave function collapse through its probing
activities. Better understanding of such processes may pave the way to new
science.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169484 </DOCNO>
Destruction of states in quantum mechanics


  A description of destruction of states on the grounds of quantum mechanics
rather than quantum field theory is proposed. Several kinds of maps called
supertraces are defined and used to describe the destruction procedure. The
introduced algorithm can be treated as a supplement to the von Neumann-Lueders
measurement. The discussed formalism may be helpful in a description of EPR
type experiments and in quantum information theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123897 </DOCNO>
On the X-ray fast-time variability of Sco X-2 (GX 349+2)


  We have analysed archived Ginga data on the Z source Sco X-2 (GX349+2). We
present the first detailed investigation of its X-ray fast-time variability, as
a function of position in the Z track. During the two-day observation over the
period 5-7 March 1989, the source was in the so-called flaring branch, and the
lower part of the so-called normal branch. We found broad peaked noise with a
centroid frequency and width of ~4-7 Hz and ~6-12 Hz respectively. The peaked
noise was strongest in the lower flaring branch, with a maximum fractional rms
amplitude of ~3 %. We conclude that it is not a manifestation of atoll source
high frequency noise, as had been suggested, and compare it with the power
spectral features seen in other Z sources. We find that the peaked noise is
markedly different to the quasi-periodic oscillations found in the normal and
flaring branches of Sco X-1; however it bears some resemblance to that seen in
the flaring branch of Cyg X-2 at low overall intensities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75730 </DOCNO>
Short Distance Physics and the Consistency Relation for Scalar and


  Recent discussions suggest the possibility that short distance physics can
significantly modify the behavior of quantum fluctuations in the inflationary
universe, and alter the standard large scale structure predictions. Such
modifications can be viewed as due to a different choice of the vacuum state.
We show that such changes generally lead to violations of the well-known
consistency relation between the scalar to tensor ratio and the tensor spectral
index. Vacuum effects can introduce an observable modulation to the usual
predictions for the scalar and tensor power spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75077 </DOCNO>
Chiral phase transition of bulk Abelian gauge theories in the


  The chiral phase transition of strong-coupling Abelian gauge theories is
investigated in the brane world. It is assumed that gauge boson propagates in
an extra dimension, i.e. bulk gauge theories. The phase structure is
analytically evaluated by using the low-energy effective theories. We also
numerically solve the ladder Schwinger-Dyson equation for the full fermion
propagator including Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitation modes of the gauge field. It
is found that the chiral phase transition is of the second order, and the
critical value of the coupling constant is obtained. The extra dimension has a
large influence on the chiral phase transition for the Randall-Sundrum (RS)
brane world. It is studied how the number of KK modes affect the chiral phase
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150314 </DOCNO>
"Double-trace" Deformations, Boundary Conditions and Spacetime


  Double-trace deformations of the AdS/CFT duality result in a new perturbation
expansion for string theory, based on a non-local worldsheet. We discuss some
aspects of the deformation in the low energy gravity approximation, where it
appears as a change in the boundary condition of fields. We relate unique
features of the boundary of AdS to the worldsheet becoming non-local, and
conjecture that non-local worldsheet actions may be generic in other classes of
backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179268 </DOCNO>
Status of Nucleon Resonances with Masses $M<M_N+M_{\pi}$


  We discuss different interpretations of peaks observed a few years ago by
Tatischeff et al. in missing mass spectra of the reaction $pp->pi^+pX$, which
were declared as new exited nucleon states with small masses. A study of the
possible production of such states in the process $\gamma p->pi^+N^*->pi^+
+\gamma\gamma n$ by analyzing the invariant mass spectrum of $\gamma\gamma n$
is proposed. It is shown that the data, obtained recently at MAMI-B, can allow
to analyze this process and to get information about an existence of exited
nucleon states with small masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124443 </DOCNO>
Detached Eclipsing Binaries for Parallax Measurement


  A list of 50 bright Detached Eclipsing Binaries proposed for precise parallax
measurements for the FAME is presented. The eclipsing binaries, with precise
distances and with photometric and double-line spectroscopic orbits determined,
are essential for a full calibration of relations that could be used for very
precise distance determination of globular clusters, LMC, SMC, and perhaps also
M31 and M33.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4371 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Formalism of the Harmonic Measure of Diffusion Limited


  We study the nature of the phase transition in the multifractal formalism of
the harmonic measure of Diffusion Limited Aggregates (DLA). Contrary to
previous work that relied on random walk simulations or ad-hoc models to
estimate the low probability events of deep fjord penetration, we employ the
method of iterated conformal maps to obtain an accurate computation of the
probability of the rarest events. We resolve probabilities as small as
$10^{-70}$. We show that the generalized dimensions $D_q$ are infinite for
$q<q^*$, where $q^*= -0.17\pm 0.02$. In the language of $f(\alpha)$ this means
that $\alpha_{max}$ is finite. We present a converged $f(\alpha)$ curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77082 </DOCNO>
HadAtom01


  These are the proceedings of the workshop "HadAtom01", held at the Institut
fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Bern, October 11 - 12, 2001. The main
topics discussed at the workshop were the physics of hadronic atoms and in this
context recent results in experiment and theory. Included here are the list of
participants, the scientific program and a short contribution from each
speaker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73862 </DOCNO>
Off-shell renormalization of the massive QED in the unitary gauge


  Despite its simplicity, the unitary gauge is not a popular choice for
practical loop calculations in gauge theories, due to the lack of off-shell
renormalizability. We study the renormalization properties of the off-shell
Green functions of the elementary electron fields in the massive QED, in order
to elucidate the origin and structure of the extra ultraviolet divergences
which exist only in the unitary gauge. We find that all these divergences
affect the Green functions in a trivial way such that in coordinate space the
off-shell Green functions are in fact multiplicatively renormalizable. This
result may generalize to the abelian and non-abelian Higgs theories, for which
the unitary gauge might bring much simplification to the loop calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73241 </DOCNO>
Low-Energy Supersymmetry and its Phenomenology


  The structure of low-energy supersymmetric models of fundamental particles
and interactions is reviewed, with an emphasis on the minimal supersymmetric
extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) and some of its variants. Various
approaches to the supersymmetry-breaking mechanism are considered. The
implications for the phenomenology of Higgs bosons and supersymmetric particles
at future colliders are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97276 </DOCNO>
Vanishing ideals of Lattice Diagram determinants


  A lattice diagram is a finite set $L=\{(p_1,q_1),... ,(p_n,q_n)\}$ of lattice
cells in the positive quadrant. The corresponding lattice diagram determinant
is $\Delta_L(\X;\Y)=\det \| x_i^{p_j}y_i^{q_j} \|$. The space $M_L$ is the
space spanned by all partial derivatives of $\Delta_L(\X;\Y)$. We denote by
$M_L^0$ the $Y$-free component of $M_L$. For $\mu$ a partition of $n+1$, we
denote by $\mu/ij$ the diagram obtained by removing the cell $(i,j)$ from the
Ferrers diagram of $\mu$. Using homogeneous partially symmetric polynomials, we
give here a dual description of the vanishing ideal of the space $M_\mu^0$ and
we give the first known description of the vanishing ideal of $M_{\mu/ij}^0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76457 </DOCNO>
Constraining Lorentz Violation Using Spectropolarimetry of Cosmological


  Spectropolarimetry of distant sources of electromagnetic radiation at
wavelengths ranging from infrared to ultraviolet are used to constrain Lorentz
violation. A bound of 3x10^{-32} is placed on coefficients for Lorentz
violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41501 </DOCNO>
Inclusive pi0 and K0s Production in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP


  The reactions ee->ee+pi0+X and ee->ee+K0s+X are studied using data collected
at LEP with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between 189 and 202 GeV.
Inclusive differential cross sections are measured as a function of the
particle transverse momentum pt and the pseudo-rapidity. For pt < 1.5 GeV, the
pi0 and K0s differential cross sections are described by an exponential,
typical of soft hadronic processes. For pt > 1.5 GeV, the cross sections show
the presence of perturbative QCD processes, described by a power-law. The data
are compared to Monte Carlo predictions and to NLO QCD calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127423 </DOCNO>
Metallicities and Abundance Ratios from Quasar Broad Emission Lines


  The broad emission lines (BELs) of quasars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs)
are important diagnostics of the relative abundances and overall metallicity in
the gas. Here we present new theoretical predictions for several UV BELs. We
focus specifically on the relative nitrogen abundance as a metallicity
indicator, based on the expected secondary enrichment of nitrogen at
metallicities Z > 0.2 Z_o. Among the lines we consider, N III] 1750/O III]
1664, N V 1240/(C IV 1549 + O VI 1034) and N V/He II 1640 are the most robust
diagnostics. We argue, in particular, that the average N V BEL is not dominated
by scattered Ly-alpha photons from a broad absorption line wind. We then
compare our calculated line ratios with observations from the literature. The
results support earlier claims that the gas-phase metallicities near quasars
are typically near or several times above the solar value. We conclude that
quasar activity is preceded by, or coeval with, an episode of rapid and
extensive star formation in the surrounding galactic (or proto-galactic)
nuclei. Chemical evolution models of these environments suggest that, to reach
Z > Z_o in well-mixed interstellar gas, the star formation must have begun >
10^8 yr before the observed quasar activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73704 </DOCNO>
Quark Mass Matrices from a Softly Broken U(1) Symmetry


  Assigning U(1) charges to the quarks of the standard model, and allowing one
extra scalar doublet with m^2 > 0, the correct pattern of the up and down quark
mass matrices is obtained, together with their charged-current mixing matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174757 </DOCNO>
Precise Neutron Magnetic Form Factors


  Precise data on the neutron magnetic form factor G_{mn} have been obtained
with measurements of the ratio of cross sections of D(e,e'n) and D(e,e'p) up to
momentum transfers of Q^2 = 0.9 (GeV/c)^2. Data with typical uncertainties of
1.5% are presented. These data allow for the first time to extract a precise
value of the magnetic radius of the neutron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 111 </DOCNO>
Capillary condensation in disordered porous materials: hysteresis versus


  We study the interplay between hysteresis and equilibrium behavior in
capillary condensation of fluids in mesoporous disordered materials via a
mean-field density functional theory of a disordered lattice-gas model. The
approach reproduces all major features observed experimentally. We show that
the simple van der Waals picture of metastability fails due to the appearance
of a complex free-energy landscape with a large number of metastable states. In
particular, hysteresis can occur both with and without an underlying
equilibrium transition, thermodynamic consistency is not satisfied along the
hysteresis loop, and out-of-equilibrium phase transitions are possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126605 </DOCNO>
Parallel Programming with MatlabMPI


  MatlabMPI is a Matlab implementation of the Message Passing Interface (MPI)
standard and allows any Matlab program to exploit multiple processors.
MatlabMPI currently implements the basic six functions that are the core of the
MPI point-to-point communications standard. The key technical innovation of
MatlabMPI is that it implements the widely used MPI ``look and feel'' on top of
standard Matlab file I/O, resulting in an extremely compact (~100 lines) and
``pure'' implementation which runs anywhere Matlab runs. The performance has
been tested on both shared and distributed memory parallel computers. MatlabMPI
can match the bandwidth of C based MPI at large message sizes. A test image
filtering application using MatlabMPI achieved a speedup of ~70 on a parallel
computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81316 </DOCNO>
QCD spectroscopy with three light quarks


  We report about a simulation using three dynamical Wilson quarks and on the
progress in going to small quark masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149120 </DOCNO>
Scaling Limits of the Fuzzy Sphere at one Loop


  We study the one loop dynamics of QFT on the fuzzy sphere and calculate the
planar and nonplanar contributions to the two point function at one loop. We
show that there is no UV/IR mixing on the fuzzy sphere. The fuzzy sphere is
characterized by two moduli: a dimensionless parameter N and a dimensionful
radius R. Different geometrical phases can obtained at different corners of the
moduli space. In the limit of the commutative sphere, we find that the two
point function is regular without UV/IR mixing; however quantization does not
commute with the commutative limit, and a finite ``noncommutative anomaly''
survives in the commutative limit. In a different limit, the noncommutative
plane R^2_theta is obtained, and the UV/IR mixing reappears. This provides an
explanation of the UV/IR mixing as an infinite variant of the ``noncommutative
anomaly''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99199 </DOCNO>
A fully nonlinear conformal flow on locally conformally flat manifolds


  We study a fully nonlinear flow for conformal metrics. The long-time
existence and the sequential convergence of flow are established for locally
conformally flat manifolds. As an application, we solve the $\sk$-Yamabe
problem for locally conformal flat manifolds when $k \neq n/2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 842 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium basal-plane magnetization of superconductive YNi(2)B(2)C -


  For a single crystal of YNi(2)B(2)C superconductor, the equilibrium
magnetization M in the square basal plane has been studied experimentally as a
function of temperature and magnetic field. While the magnetization M(H)
deviates from conventional London predictions, a recent extension of London
theory (to include effects of non-local electrodynamics) describes the
experiments accurately. The resulting superconductive parameters are well
behaved. These results are compared with corresponding findings for the case
with M perpendicular to the basal plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149354 </DOCNO>
Giant Gravitons in Conformal Field Theory


  Giant gravitons in AdS_5 x S^5, and its orbifolds, have a dual field theory
representation as states created by chiral primary operators. We argue that
these operators are not single-trace operators in the conformal field theory,
but rather are determinants and subdeterminants of scalar fields; the stringy
exclusion principle applies to these operators. Evidence for this
identification comes from three sources: (a) topological considerations in
orbifolds, (b) computation of protected correlators using free field theory and
(c) a Matrix model argument. The last argument applies to AdS_7 x S^4 and the
dual (2,0) theory, where we use algebraic aspects of the fuzzy 4-sphere to
compute the expectation value of a giant graviton operator along the Coulomb
branch of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179513 </DOCNO>
Coherent and chaotic properties of nuclear pairing


  The properties of the pairing interaction in the shell model framework are
considered with the aid of the exact numerical solution utilizing the quasispin
symmetry. We emphasize the features which are out of reach for the usual
approximate techniques based on the BCS approach supplemented by the random
phase approximation treatment of pair vibrations, especially in the region of
weak pairing where the BCS+RPA theory fails. For the first time chaotic aspects
of the mixing generated by the pairing interaction are studied. The level
repulsion and large information entropy of the eigenstates coexist with the
absence of thermalization of single-particle motion. The full spectrum of pair
vibration in average displays the spin dependence similar to that for a rigid
rotor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41799 </DOCNO>
Redundant Arrays of IDE Drives


  We report tests of redundant arrays of IDE disk drives for use in offline
high energy physics data analysis. Parts costs of total systems using commodity
EIDE disks are now at the $4000 per Terabyte level. Disk storage prices have
now decreased to the point where they equal the cost per Terabyte of Storage
Technology tape silos. The disks, however, offer far better granularity; even
small institutions can afford to deploy systems. Our tests include reports on
software RAID-5 systems running under Linux 2.4 using Promise Ultra 100 TM disk
controllers. RAID-5 protects data in case of a single disk failure by providing
parity bits. Tape backup is not required. Journaling file systems are used to
allow rapid recovery from crashes. Our data analysis strategy is to encapsulate
data and CPU processing power. Analysis for a particular part of a data set
takes place on the PC where the data resides. The network is only used to put
results together. We explore three methods of moving data between sites;
internet transfers, hot pluggable IDE disks in FireWire cases, and DVD-R disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72773 </DOCNO>
Chiral gauge theories revisited


  Contents: 1. Introduction, 2. Chiral gauge theories & the gauge anomaly, 3.
The regularization problem, 4. Weyl fermions from 4+1 dimensions, 5. The
Ginsparg-Wilson relation, 6. Gauge-invariant lattice regularization of
anomaly-free theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95534 </DOCNO>
Algebras of minors


  Let $X$ be an $n\times m$ matrix of indeterminates over a field $K$ (of
sufficiently large characteristic) and $M_t$ the set of $m$-minors of $X$. We
consider two objects: (1) the Ress algebra of the polynomial ring $K[X]$ with
respect to the ideal $I_t$ generated by $M_t$, and (2) the $A_t$ subalgebra of
$K[X]$ generated by $M_t$. Note that $A_t$ is tHE coordinate ring of a
Grassmannian if $t=\min(m,n)$; also the cases $t=1$ and $t=m-1=n-1$ are easily
understood, since $A_t$ is a polynomial ring over $K$ in these cases.
  For both objects we compute the divisor class group and the canonical class.
In particular we determine the Gorenstein rings among the $A_t$. It turns out
that $A_t$ is Gorenstein exactly in the cases listed above and when
$t(m+n)=mn$.
  We use initial methods, based on the straightening law and KRS. They can be
applied to other types of determinantal ideals, too. We do this explicitly for
generic Hankel matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124930 </DOCNO>
A K-band central disk surface-brightness correlation with scale-length


  The K-band light-profiles from two statistically complete, diameter-limited
samples of disk galaxies have been simultaneously modelled with a
seeing-convolved Sersic r^{1/n} bulge and a seeing-convolved exponential disk.
This has enabled an accurate separation of the bulge and disk light, and hence
an estimate of the central disk surface brightness mu_{0,K} and the disk
scale-length h. There exists a bright envelope of galaxy disks in the
mu_{0,K}-log h diagram; for the early-type (<Sc) disk galaxies mu_{0,K} is
shown to increase with log h, with a slope of ~2 and a correlation coefficient
equal to 0.75. This relation exists over a range of disk scale-lengths from 0.5
to 10 kpc (H_0=75 km/s/Mpc). In general, galaxy types Scd or later are observed
to deviate from this relation; they have fainter surface brightnesses for a
given scale-length.
   With a sub-sample of 59 low-inclination (i<50 deg) and 29 high-inclination
(i>50 deg) galaxies having morphological types ranging from S0 to Sc, the need
for an inclination correction to the K-band disk surface brightness is
demonstrated. Measured central disk surface brightnesses are found to be
significantly (>5-sigma) brighter for the high-inclination disk galaxies than
for the low-inclination disk galaxies. With no surface brightness inclination
correction or allowance for the trend between mu_{0,K} and log h, the standard
deviation to the distribution of mu_{0,K} values is ~1 mag arcsec^{-2}, while
the standard deviation about the mean mu_{0,K}-log h relation decreases from
0.69 mag arcsec^{-2}, when no inclination correction is applied, to 0.47 mag
arcsec^{-2} when the inclination correction is applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169013 </DOCNO>
Particle localization and the Notion of Einstein Causality


  The notion of Einstein causality, i.e. the limiting role of the velocity of
light in the transmission of signals, is discussed. It is pointed out that
Nimtz and coworkers use the notion of signal velocity in a different sense from
Einstein and that their experimental results are in full agreement with
Einstein causality in its ordinary sense. We also show that under quite general
assumptions instantaneous spreading of particle localization occurs in quantum
theory, relativistic or not, with fields or without. We discuss if this affects
Einstein causality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72679 </DOCNO>
QCD Signatures of Narrow Graviton Resonances in Hadron Colliders


  We show that the characteristic p_\perp spectrum yields valuable information
for the test of models for the production of narrow graviton resonances in the
TeV range at LHC. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in those scenarios the
parton showering formalism agrees with the prediction of NLO matrix element
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148646 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Gauge Theories


  We study the properties of a non-abelian gauge theory subjected to a gauge
invariant constraint given by the classical equations of motion. The constraint
is not imposed by hand, but appears naturally when we study a particular type
of local gauge transformations. In this way, all standard techniques to treat
gauge theories are available. We will show that this theory lives at one-loop.
Also this model retains some quantum characteristic of the usual non-abelian
gauge theories as asymptotic freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149981 </DOCNO>
Exploring N=1 SYM(2+1): the Stress-Tensor Correlator


  The evaluation of field theoretic correlators at strong couplings is
especially interesting in the light of recently discovered string/field theory
correspondences. We present a calculation of the stress-tensor correlator in
N=1 SYM theory in 2+1 dimensions. We calculate this object numerically with the
method of supersymmetric discrete light-cone quantization (SDLCQ) at large N_c.
For small distances we reproduce the conformal field theory result with the
correlator behaving like 1/r^6. In the large r limit the correlator is
determined by the (massless) BPS states of the theory. We find a critical value
of the coupling where the correlator goes to zero in this limit. This critical
coupling is shown to grow linearly with the square root of the transverse
momentum resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97344 </DOCNO>
Boundary Representations for Operator Algebras


  All operator algebras have (not necessarily irreducible) boundary
representations. A unital operator algebra has enough such boundary
representations to generate its C*-envelope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125182 </DOCNO>
Spectral differences between the radio-loud and radio-quiet low-hard


  The Galactic microquasar GRS 1915+105 exhibits several episodes of steady
X-ray emission characterized by a hard power-law spectrum and intense Quasi
Periodic Oscillations. It is known that there are two types of such low-hard
states, one with steady radio emission and the other without any significant
radio emission. We present the results of a detailed X-ray spectroscopic study
of GRS 1915+105, using data from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer obtained
during various episodes of the low-hard states of the source. We show that
there are distinct X-ray spectral differences between the radio-quiet and
radio-loud low-hard states of the source. The X-ray spectra of the radio-quiet
low-hard state is best described by a model consisting ofa multicolor
disk-blackbody and a Comptonized component, whereas the X-ray spectra of
radio-loud low-hard state requires a model consisting of three components: a
multicolor disk-blackbody, a Comptonized component and a power-law, for
statistically and physically acceptable fits. We attempt to model the presence
of this additional power-law component as due to synchrotronradiation which is
responsible for the radio and infrared radiation from thesource. We show that a
simple adiabatically expanding jet model for the synchrotron radiation can
account for the observed X-ray flux for reasonable values of the magnetic field
and the mass outflow rate. This is the first report of detection of the
synchrotron radiation in the X-ray band for this source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128563 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear MHD Waves in the Solar Wind Plasma Structures


  We investigate the interaction of magnetohydrodynamic waves with plasma
density inhomogeneities. Our numerical study of the full MHD equations shows
that: (A) Plasma density inhomogeneities are a source of non-linear generation
of transverse compressive waves by a plane Alfven wave, and substantially
enhance (by about a factor of 2) the generation of the longitudinal compressive
waves. (B) Attained maximal values of the generated transverse compressive
waves are insensitive to the strength of the plasma density inhomogeneity and
the initial amplitude of the Alfven wave. (C) Efficiency of the generation
depends weakly upon the plasma beta parameter. The maximum generated amplitude
of transverse compressive wave, up to 32% of the initial Alfven wave amplitude,
is reached for about beta=0.5. The results obtained demonstrate that plasma
inhomogeneities enhance the efficiency of the non-linear wave coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124468 </DOCNO>
New Results from the X-ray and Optical Survey of the Chandra Deep Field


  We present results from 300 ks of X-ray observations of the Chandra Deep
Field South. The field of the four combined exposures is now 0.1035 deg^2 and
we reach a flux limit of 10^{-16} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} in the 0.5-2 keV soft band
and 10^{-15} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} in the 2-10 keV hard band, thus a factor 2
fainter than the previous 120 ks exposure. The total catalogue is composed of
197 sources including 22 sources detected only in the hard band, 51 only in the
soft band, and 124 detected in both bands. We have now the optical spectra for
86 optical counterparts. We compute the total contribution to the X-ray
background in the 2-10 keV band, which now amounts to (1.45\pm 0.15)*10^{-11}
erg cm^{-2} s^{-1} deg^{-2} (after the inclusion of the ASCA sources to account
for the bright end) to a flux limit of 10^{-15} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2}. This
corresponds to 60-90% of the unresolved hard X-ray background (XRB), given the
uncertainties on its actual value.[ABRIDGED]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168357 </DOCNO>
General Quantum Measurement: An Equilibrium Gas Model


  We overcome one of Bell's objections to `quantum measurement' by generalizing
the definition to include systems outside the laboratory. According to this
definition a quantum measurement takes place when the value of a classical
variable is influenced significantly by an earlier state of a quantum system.
The quantum measurement can then take place in equilibrium systems, provided
the classical motion is chaotic. This is illustrated by an `Arnold gas' model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148253 </DOCNO>
Condition on the symmetry-breaking solution of the Schwinger-Dyson


  We derive a condition for a nontrivial solution of the Schwinger-Dyson
equation to be accompanied by a Goldstone bound state. It implies that, for
quenched planar QED, although chiral symmetry breaking occurs when there is a
cutoff, the continuum limit fails to exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81214 </DOCNO>
Finite-size scaling and deconfinement transition in gauge theories


  A new method is proposed for determining the critical indices of the
deconfinement transition in gauge theories, based on the finite-size scaling
analysis of simple lattice operators, such as the plaquette. A precise
determination of the critical index $\nu$, in agreement with the prediction of
the Svetitsky-Yaffe conjecture, is obtained for SU(3) gauge theory in
(2+1)-dimension. Preliminary results for SU(2) in (3+1)-dimension are also
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83666 </DOCNO>
State Analysis and Aggregation Study for Multicast-based Micro Mobility


  IP mobility addresses the problem of changing the network point-of-attachment
transparently during movement. Mobile IP is the proposed standard by IETF.
Several studies, however, have shown that Mobile IP has several drawbacks, such
as triangle routing and poor handoff performance. Multicast-based mobility has
been proposed as a promising solution to the above problems, incurring less
end-to-end delays and fast smooth handoff. Nonetheless, such architecture
suffers from multicast state scalability problems with the growth in number of
mobile nodes. This architecture also requires ubiquitous multicast deployment
and more complex security measures. To alleviate these problems, we propose an
intra-domain multicast-based mobility solution. A mobility proxy allocates a
multicast address for each mobile that moves to its domain. The mobile uses
this multicast address within a domain for micro mobility. Also, aggregation is
considered to reduce the multicast state. We conduct multicast state analysis
to study the efficiency of several aggregation techniques. We use extensive
simulation to evaluate our protocol's performance over a variety of real and
generated topologies. We take aggregation gain as metric for our evaluation.
     Our simulation results show that in general leaky aggregation obtains
better gains than perfect aggregation. Also, we notice that aggregation gain
increases with the increase in number of visiting mobile nodes and with the
decrease in number of mobility proxies within a domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126250 </DOCNO>
On the Metallicity of Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies


  We construct three extreme different scenarios of the star formation
histories applicable to a sample of dwarf galaxies, based either on their
present metallicity or their luminosity. The three possible scenarios imply
different mechanical energy input rates and these we compare with the
theoretical lower limits established for the ejection of processed matter out
of dwarf galaxies. The comparison strongly points at the existence of extended
gaseous haloes in these galaxies, acting as the barrier that allows galaxies to
retain their metals and enhance their abundance. At the same time our findings
strongly point at a continuous star-forming process, rather than to coeval
bursts, as the main contributors to the overall metallicity in our galaxy
sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 618 </DOCNO>
Stress Relaxation in Diblock Copolymers


  We study stress relaxation in a strongly segregated lamellar mesophase of
diblock copolymers. We consider the extreme limit in which chains are highly
stretched and with their junction points confined to narrow interfaces. A
lamella can be divided into "stress blobs" at some distance $z$ from the
interface, with well defined local modulus $G(z,\omega)$ at frequency $\omega$.
For sliding (compressional) stress the total modulus is transmitted in series
(parallel) across the layer. We evaluate the local $G(z,t)$ which shows, for a
given height, a very broad spectrum of relaxation times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95878 </DOCNO>
On Polynomial Time Computation Over Unordered Structures


  This paper is motivated by the question whether there exists a logic
capturing polynomial time computation over unordered structures. We consider
several algorithmic problems near the border of the known, logically defined
complexity classes contained in polynomial time. We show that fixpoint logic
plus counting is stronger than might be expected, in that it can express the
existence of a complete matching in a bipartite graph. We revisit the known
examples that separate polynomial time from fixpoint plus counting. We show
that the examples in a paper of Cai, Furer, and Immerman, when suitably padded,
are in choiceless polynomial time yet not in fixpoint plus counting. Without
padding, they remain in polynomial time but appear not to be in choiceless
polynomial time plus counting. Similar results hold for the multipede examples
of Gurevich and Shelah, except that their final version of multipedes is, in a
sense, already suitably padded. Finally, we describe another plausible
candidate, involving determinants, for the task of separating polynomial time
from choiceless polynomial time plus counting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98060 </DOCNO>
Flows on quaternionic-Kaehler and very special real manifolds


  BPS solutions of 5-dimensional supergravity correspond to certain gradient
flows on the product M x N of a quaternionic-Kaehler manifold M of negative
scalar curvature and a very special real manifold N of dimension n >=0. Such
gradient flows are generated by the `energy function' f = P^2, where P is a
(bundle-valued) moment map associated to n+1 Killing vector fields on M. We
calculate the Hessian of f at critical points and derive some properties of its
spectrum for general quaternionic-Kaehler manifolds. For the homogeneous
quaternionic-Kaehler manifolds we prove more specific results depending on the
structure of the isotropy group. For example, we show that there always exists
a Killing vector field vanishing at a point p in M such that the Hessian of f
at p has split signature. This generalizes results obtained recently for the
complex hyperbolic plane (universal hypermultiplet) in the context of
5-dimensional supergravity. For symmetric quaternionic-Kaehler manifolds we
show the existence of non-degenerate local extrema of f, for appropriate
Killing vector fields. On the other hand, for the non-symmetric homogeneous
quaternionic-Kaehler manifolds we find degenerate local minima.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4935 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Dynamics of Translocation


  We study the dynamics of the passage of a polymer through a membrane pore
(translocation), focusing on the scaling properties with the number of monomers
$N$. The natural coordinate for translocation is the number of monomers on one
side of the hole at a given time. Commonly used models which assume Brownian
dynamics for this variable predict a mean (unforced) passage time $\tau$ that
scales as $N^2$, even in the presence of an entropic barrier. However, the time
it takes for a free polymer to diffuse a distance of the order of its radius by
Rouse dynamics scales with an exponent larger than 2, and this should provide a
lower bound to the translocation time. To resolve this discrepancy, we perform
numerical simulations with Rouse dynamics for both phantom (in space dimensions
$d=1$ and 2), and self-avoiding (in $d=2$) chains. The results indicate that
for large $N$, translocation times scale in the same manner as diffusion times,
but with a larger prefactor that depends on the size of the hole. Such scaling
implies anomalous dynamics for the translocation process. In particular, the
fluctuations in the monomer number at the hole are predicted to be
non-diffusive at short times, while the average pulling velocity of the polymer
in the presence of a chemical potential difference is predicted to depend on
$N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126828 </DOCNO>
Orbital Evolution of Scattered Planets


  A simple dynamical model is employed to study the possible orbital evolution
of scattered planets and phase plane analysis is used to classify the parameter
space and solutions. Our results reconfirm that there is always an increase in
eccentricity when the planet was scattered to migrate outward when the initial
eccentricity is zero. Applying our study on the Solar System and considering
the existence of the Kuiper Belt, this conclusion implies that Neptune was
dynamically coupled with the Kuiper Belt in the early phase of the Solar
System, which is consistent with the simulational model in Thommes, Duncan &
Levison (1999).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2020 </DOCNO>
Formation of quantized vortices in a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate


  Using a focused laser beam we stir a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a
magnetic trap. When the stirring frequency lies near the transverse quadrupolar
mode resonance we observe the nucleation of vortices. When several vortices are
nucleated, they arrange themselves in regular Abrikosov arrays, and in the
limit of large quantum number the lattice structure is shown to produce a
quantum velocity field approaching that for classical, rigid body rotation.
Using a percussive excitation of the condensate, we measure the angular
momentum of the condensate with vortices present and study the nucleation band
as a function of the stirring intensity and geometry. We find that with only
quadratic terms in the rotating perturbation the nucleation band is located
around the quadrupolar resonance and has a width that increases with the
strength of the stirring perturbation. However, when the potential includes
cubic terms, the nucleation band broadens to include the hexapolar resonance as
well. The results presented here demonstrate that the nucleation of vortices in
the case of a harmonically trapped BEC is driven by the resonant excitation of
the rotating quadrupolar mode, or by higher order rotating surface modes when
the rotating perturbation includes the corresponding terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2372 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Primitive-Model Electrolytes: Debye-Huckel Theory,


  Debye-Huckel (DH) theory is extended to treat two-component size- and
charge-asymmetric primitive models, focussing primarily on the 1:1 additive
hard-sphere electrolyte with, say, negative ion diameters, a--, larger than the
positive ion diameters, a++. The treatment highlights the crucial importance of
the charge-unbalanced ``border zones'' around each ion into which other ions of
only one species may penetrate. Extensions of the DH approach which describe
the border zones in a physically reasonable way are exact at high $T$ and low
density, $\rho$, and, furthermore, are also in substantial agreement with
recent simulation predictions for \emph{trends} in the critical parameters,
$T_c$ and $\rho_c$, with increasing size asymmetry. Conversely, the simplest
linear asymmetric DH description, which fails to account for physically
expected behavior in the border zones at low $T$, can violate a new lower bound
on the energy (which applies generally to models asymmetric in both charge and
size). Other recent theories, including those based on the mean spherical
approximation, have predicted trends in the critical parameters quite opposite
to those established by the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128431 </DOCNO>
New light on the search for low metallicity galaxies I. The N2 method


  We present a simple metallicity estimator based on the logarithmic [NII]6584
/ Halpha ratio, hereafter N2, which we envisage will become very useful for
ranking galaxies in a metallicity sequence from redshift survey quality data
even for moderately low spectral resolution. We have calibrated the N2
estimator using a compilation of HII galaxies having accurate oxygen
abundances, plus photoionization models covering a wide range of abundances.
The comparison of models and observations indicates that both primary and
secondary nitrogen are important for the relevant range of metallicities. The
N2 estimator follows a linear relation with log(O/H) that holds for the whole
abundance range covered by the sample, from about 1/50th to twice the Solar
value (7.2 < 12+log(O/H) < 9.1). We suggest that the ([SII]6717,6731 / Halpha)
ratio (hereafter S2) can also be used as a rough metallicity indicator. Because
of its large scatter the S2 estimator will be useful only in systems with very
low metallicity, where [NII]6584 is not detected or in low resolution spectra
where [NII]6584 is blended with Halpha.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75324 </DOCNO>
Electric charge quantization and the muon anomalous magnetic moment


  We investigate some proposals to solve the electric charge quantization
puzzle, which simultaneously explain the recent measured deviation on the muon
anomalous magnetic moment. For this we assess extensions of the Electro-Weak
Standard Model spanning modifications on the scalar sector only. It is
interesting to verify that one can have modest extensions which easily account
for the solution for both problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129555 </DOCNO>
Photometry of the 1991 Superoutburst of EF Pegasi: Super-Quasi-Periodic


  We observed the 1991 October outburst of EF Peg. Prominent superhumps with a
period of 0.08705(1) d were observed, qualifying EF Peg as a being long-period
SU UMa-type dwarf nova. The superhump period showed a monotonous decrease
during the superoutburst, which makes a contrast to the virtually zero period
change observed during the 1997 superoutburst of the same object.
Large-amplitude, and highly coherent quasi-periodic oscillations (super-QPOs)
were observed on October 18, when superhumps were still growing in amplitude.
Most strikingly, the QPOs showed a rapid decrease of the period from 18 m to
6.8 m within the 3.2-hr observing run. Such a rapid change in the period has
not been observed in any class of QPOs in cataclysmic variables. We propose a
hypothesis that the rapid decrease of the QPO period reflects the rapid removal
of the angular momentum from an orbiting blob in the accretion disk, via the
viscosity in a turbulent disk. A brief comparison is given with the QPOs in
X-ray binaries, some of which are known to show a similar rapid decrease in the
periods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128632 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Possible Infalling Planetesimals in the 51 Ophiuchi


  We present the first observations of the circumstellar (CS) disk system 51
Ophiuchi with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. We detect several
absorption lines arising from the unusual metastable atomic species NI (2D), NI
(2P), and SII (2D). These levels lie 1.8 - 3.6 eV above the ground level and
have radiative decay lifetimes of 2 days or less, indicating that the lines
arise from warm CS gas. The high S/N FUSE spectra, obtained six days apart,
also show time-variable absorption features arising from NI, NII, OI (1D), and
FeIII, which are redshifted with respect to the stellar velocity. The resolved
redshifted absorption extends over many tens of km/s (40 for NI, 100 for NII,
65 for OI, and 84 for FeIII). We calculate column densities for all the
variable infalling CS gasses, using the apparent optical depth method. The
FeIII and NII infalling gasses must be produced through collisional ionization,
and the ionization fraction of nitrogen suggests a gas temperature between
20000 and 34000 K. The infalling gas shows a peculiar, non-solar composition,
with nitrogen and iron more abundant than carbon. We also set upper limits on
the line-of-sight column densities of molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
These observations strengthen the connection between 51 Oph and the older
debris-disk system Beta Pictoris, and indicate that there may be infalling
planetesimals in the 51 Oph system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74876 </DOCNO>
Chiral Four-Dimensional N=1 Supersymmetric Type IIA Orientifolds from


  We construct N=1 supersymmetric four-dimensional orientifolds of type IIA on
T^6/(Z_2 x Z_2) with D6-branes intersecting at angles. The use of D6-branes not
fully aligned with the O6-planes in the model allows for a construction of many
supersymmetric models with chiral matter, including those with the Standard
Model and grand unified gauge groups. We perform a search for realistic gauge
sectors, and construct the first example of a supersymmetric type II
orientifold with SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y gauge group and three quark-lepton
families. In addition to the supersymmetric Standard Model content, the model
contains right-handed neutrinos, a (chiral but anomaly-free) set of exotic
multiplets, and diverse vector-like multiplets. The general class of these
constructions are related to familiar type II orientifolds by small instanton
transitions, which in some cases change the number of generations, as discussed
in specific models. These constructions are supersymmetric only for special
choices of untwisted moduli. We briefly discuss the supersymmetry breaking
effects away from that point. The M-theory lift of this general class of
supersymmetric orientifold models should correspond to purely geometrical
backgrounds admitting a singular G_2 holonomy metric and leading to
four-dimensional M-theory vacua with chiral fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7421 </DOCNO>
On the Extension Behavior of Helicogenic Polypeptides


  The force laws governing the extension behavior of homopolypeptides are
obtained from a phenomenological free energy capable of describing the
helix-coil transition. Just above the melting temperature of the free chains,
T*, the plot of force, f, vs. end-to-end distance, R, exhibits two plateaus
associated with coexistence of helical and coil domains. The lower plateau is
due to tension induced onset of helix-coil transition. The higher plateau
corresponds to the melting of the helices by overextension. Just below T* the
f-R plot exhibits only the upper plateau. The f-R plots, the helical fraction,
the number of domains and their polydispersity are calculated for two models:
In one the helical domains are viewed as rigid rods while in the second they
are treated as worm like chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76759 </DOCNO>
Proving Higgs Bosons are scalars at a Linear Collider


  The threshold dependence and angular correlations of Higgs-strahlung in e+e-
collisions can be used to demonstrate the spinless nature of the Standard Model
Higgs boson. This method, and its possible extention to heavy neutral MSSM
Higgs bosons, is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83733 </DOCNO>
A Multi-Threaded Fast Convolver for Dynamically Parallel Image Filtering


  2D convolution is a staple of digital image processing. The advent of large
format imagers makes it possible to literally ``pave'' with silicon the focal
plane of an optical sensor, which results in very large images that can require
a significant amount computation to process. Filtering of large images via 2D
convolutions is often complicated by a variety of effects (e.g.,
non-uniformities found in wide field of view instruments). This paper describes
a fast (FFT based) method for convolving images, which is also well suited to
very large images. A parallel version of the method is implemented using a
multi-threaded approach, which allows more efficient load balancing and a
simpler software architecture. The method has been implemented within in a high
level interpreted language (IDL), while also exploiting open standards vector
libraries (VSIPL) and open standards parallel directives (OpenMP). The parallel
approach and software architecture are generally applicable to a variety of
algorithms and has the advantage of enabling users to obtain the convenience of
an easy operating environment while also delivering high performance using a
fully portable code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1936 </DOCNO>
The average distance of the n-th neighbour in a uniform distribution of


  We first review the derivation of the exact expression for the average
distance $<r_n>$ of the n-th neighbour of a reference point among a set of N
random points distributed uniformly in a unit volume of a D-dimensional
geometric space. Next we propose a `mean-field\rq theory of $<r_n>$ and compare
it with the exact result. The result of the `mean-field\rq theory is found to
agree with the exact expression only in the limit $D \to \infty$ and $n \to
\infty$. Thus the `mean-field\rq approximation is useless in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127643 </DOCNO>
MUSICOS 1998: Observations of Rotational Modulation and Flares on the RS


  We present simultaneous and continuous observations of H_alpha, H_beta, NaI
D_1, D_2, HeI D_3 and CaII H & K lines of the chromospherically active binary
HR 1099. We have observed HR 1099 for more than 3 weeks almost continuously and
monitored two flares. An increase in H_alpha and CaII H & K, H_beta and HeI D_3
and a strong filling-in of the NaI D_1, D_2 during the flares are observed. We
have found that the flares took place at the same phase (0.85) of the binary
orbit, and both of them seems to occur near the limb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1166 </DOCNO>
Origin of spin incommensurability in hole-doped S=1


  Spin incommensurability (IC) has been recently experimentally discovered in
the hole-doped Ni-oxide chain compound $\rm Y_{2-x}Ca_x Ba Ni O_5$ (G. Xu {\it
et al.}, Science {\bf 289}, 419 (2000)). Here a two orbital model for this
material is studied using computational techniques. Spin IC is observed in a
wide range of densities and couplings. The phenomenon originates in
antiferromagnetic correlations "across holes" dynamically generated to improve
hole movement, as it occurs in the one-dimensional Hubbard model and in recent
studies of the two-dimensional extended t-J model. The close proximity of
ferromagnetic and phase-separated states in parameter space are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4561 </DOCNO>
Small-World Effects in Wealth Distribution


  We construct a model of wealth distribution, based on an interactive
multiplicative stochastic process on static complex networks. Through numerical
simulations we show that a decrease in the number of links discourages equality
in wealth distribution, while the rewiring of links in small-world networks
encourages it. Inequal distributions obey log-normal distributions, which are
produced by wealth clustering. The rewiring of links breaks the wealth
clustering and makes wealth obey the mean field type (power law) distributions.
A mechanism that explains the appearance of log-normal distributions with a
power law tail is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127379 </DOCNO>
Extended King Models for Star Clusters


  Models applied to galaxies in equilibrium configuration are based on the
solution of the collisionless Boltzmann equation and the Poisson equation for
gravitational interaction which are related to each other by a smoothed-out
mass density. This mass density is related to a distribution function
$f(\mathbf{x},\mathbf{v},t)$ and produces a gravitational potential $\phi
(\mathbf{x},t)$. The most popular models to describe spherically symmetric
systems are King models. These models are based on a truncated isothermal
sphere. They fit the surface brightness of globular clusters and some
elliptical galaxies well. A well-known example of a galaxy that King models
does not fit well is NGC 3379. In this work, we extend King models. Our models
are based on the Tsallis distribution function. There is a parameter $q$ in
this function and we can recover the King distribution function in the limit
$q\to 1$. We discuss the general behaviors of our models and, moreover, we use
them to fit the surface brightness of NGC 3379 and 47 TUC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150089 </DOCNO>
Dirac Neutrino Masses in NCG


  Several models in NCG with mild changes to the standard model(SM)are
introduced to discuss the neutrino mass problem. We use two constraints,
Poincar$\acute{e}$ duality and gauge anomaly free, to discuss the possibility
of containing right-handed neutrinos in them. Our work shows that no model in
this paper, with each generation containing a right-handed neutrino, can
satisfy these two constraints in the same time. So, to consist with neutrino
oscillation experiment results, maybe fundamental changes to the present
version of NCG are usually needed to include Dirac massive neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95637 </DOCNO>
On q-analog of McKay correspondence and ADE classification of sl^(2)


  The goal of this paper is to classify ``finite subgroups in U_q sl(2)'' where
$q=e^{\pi\i/l}$ is a root of unity. We propose a definition of such a subgroup
in terms of the category of representations of U_q sl(2); we show that this
definition is a natural generalization of the notion of a subgroup in a
reductive group, and that it is also related with extensions of the chiral
(vertex operator) algebra corresponding to sl^(2) at level k=l-2. We show that
``finite subgroups in U_q sl(2)'' are classified by Dynkin diagrams of types
A_n, D_{2n}, E_6, E_8 with Coxeter number equal to $l$, give a description of
this correspondence similar to the classical McKay correspondence, and discuss
relation with modular invariants in (sl(2))_k conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114490 </DOCNO>
Statistical inference and modeling with the S distribution


  We consider the problem of statistical inference for the S distribution and
introduce new minimum distance estimators for the four parameters of the S
distribution using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Cramer-von Mises and related distance
metrics. Approximate goodness-of-fit and confidence intervals for parameters
are calculated using bootstrap methods. We discuss further how the S
distribution can be used to solve various problems of statistical modeling
associated with parameter inference, including goodness-of-fit tests, Monte
Carlo simulations and modeling trends in the distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3059 </DOCNO>
Magnetization Process of Nanoscale Iron Cluster


  Low-temperature magnetization process of the nanoscale iron cluster in
linearly sweeped fields is investigated by a numerical analysis of
time-dependent Schr$\ddot{\rm o}$dinger equation and the quantum master
equation. We introduce an effective basis method extracting important states,
by which we can obtain the magnetization process effectively. We investigate
the structure of the field derivative of the magnetization. We find out that
the antisymmetric interaction determined from the lattice structure reproduces
well the experimental results of the iron magnets and that this interaction
plays an important role in the iron cluster. Deviations from the adiabatic
process are also studied. In the fast sweeping case, our calculations indicate
that the nonadiabatic transition dominantly occurs at the level crossing for
the lowest field. In slow sweeping case, due to the influence of the thermal
environment to the spin system, the field derivative of the magnetization shows
an asymmetric behavior, the magnetic F$\ddot{\rm o}$hn effect, which explains
the substructure of the experimental results in the pulsed field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 17 </DOCNO>
Weak and strong dynamic scaling in a one-dimensional driven


  We study the coupled dynamics of the displacement fields in a one dimensional
coupled-field model for drifting crystals, first proposed by R.Lahiri and
S.Ramaswamy [{\em Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 79}, 1150 (1997)]. We present some
exact results for the steady state and the current in the lattice version of
the model, for a special subspace in the parameter space, within the region
where the model displays kinematic waves. We use these to construct the
effective continuum equations corresponding to the lattice model. These
equations decouple at the linear level in terms of the eigenmodes. We examine
the long-time, large-distance properties of the correlation functions of the
eigenmodes by using symmetry arguments, Monte Carlo simulations and
self-consistent mode coupling methods. For most parameter values, the scaling
exponents of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation are obtained. However, for
certain symmetry-determined values of the coupling constants the two
eigenmodes, although nonlinearly coupled, are characterized by two distinct
dynamic exponents. We discuss the possible application of the dynamic
renormalization group in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2085 </DOCNO>
Real time magneto-optical imaging of vortices in superconductors


  We demonstrate here real-time imaging of individual vortices in a NbSe2
single crystal using polarized light microscopy. A new high-sensitivity
magneto-optical (MO) imaging system enables observation of the static vortex
lattice as well as single vortex motion at low flux densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73170 </DOCNO>
Sfermion masses in Nelson-Strassler type of models: SUSY standard models


  We study soft SUSY breaking parameters in the Nelson-Strassler type of
models: SUSY standard models coupled with SCFTs. In this type of models, soft
SUSY breaking parameters including sfermion masses can be suppressed around the
decoupling scale of SCFTs. We clarify the condition to derive exponential
suppression of sfermion masses within the framework of pure SCFTs. Such
behavior is favorable for degeneracy of sfermion masses. However, the realistic
sfermion masses are not quite degenerate due to the gauge couplings and the
gaugino masses in the SM sector. We show the sfermion mass spectrum obtained in
such models. The aspect of suppression for the soft SUSY breaking parameters is
also demonstrated in an explicit model. We also give a mechanism generating the
$\mu$-term of the Electro-Weak scale by a singlet field coupled with the SCFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2909 </DOCNO>
Proximity effect thermometer for local temperature measurements on


  Using the strong temperature dependent resistance of a normal metal wire in
proximity to a superconductor, we have been able to measure the local
temperature of electrons heated by flowing a dc current in a metallic wire to
within a few tens of millikelvin at low temperatures. By placing two such
thermometers at different parts of a sample, we have been able to measure the
temperature difference induced by a dc current flowing in the sample. This
technique may provide a flexible means of making quantitative thermal and
thermoelectric measurements on mesoscopic metallic samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129354 </DOCNO>
The Structure of the Oxygen-rich Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8 from


  We present results from the observation of the young Galactic supernova
remnant (SNR) G292.0+1.8 with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) on
board the {\it Chandra X-ray Observatory}. In the 0.3 $-$ 8 keV band, the high
resolution ACIS images reveal a complex morphology consisting of knots and
filaments, as well as the blast wave around the periphery of the SNR. We
present equivalent width (EW) maps for the elemental species O, Ne, Mg, and Si,
which allow us to identify regions of enhanced metallicity in the SNR.
G292.0+1.8 is bright in O, Ne, and Si; weaker in S and Ar; with little Fe. The
EW and broad-band images indicate that the metal-rich ejecta are distributed
primarily around the periphery of the SNR. The central belt-like structure has
normal solar-type composition, strongly suggesting that it is primarily
emission from shocked circumstellar medium rather than metal-rich ejecta. We
propose that the belt traces its origin to enhanced mass loss in the star's
equatorial plane during the slow, red supergiant phase. We also identify thin
filaments with normal composition, centered on and extending nearly
continuously around the outer boundary of the SNR. These may originate in a
shell caused by the stellar winds from the massive progenitor in the red/blue
supergiant phases, over-run by the blast wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95930 </DOCNO>
Fuchsian bispectral operators


  The aim of this paper is to classify the bispectral operators of any rank
with regular singular points (the infinite point is the most important one). We
characterise them in several ways. Probably the most important result is that
they are all Darboux transformations of powers of generalised Bessel operators
(in the terminology of q-alg/9602011). For this reason they can be effectively
parametrised by the points of a certain (infinite) family of algebraic
manifolds as pointed out in q-alg/9602011.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4729 </DOCNO>
Calculation of a Deuterium Double Shock Hugoniot from Ab initio


  We calculate the equation of state of dense deuterium with two ab initio
simulations techniques, path integral Monte Carlo and density functional theory
molecular dynamics, in the density range of 0.67 < rho < 1.60 g/cc. We derive
the double shock Hugoniot and compare with the recent laser-driven double shock
wave experiments by Mostovych et al. [1]. We find excellent agreement between
the two types of microscopic simulations but a significant discrepancy with the
laser-driven shock measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125447 </DOCNO>
The Frequency of Binary Stars in the Core of 47 Tucanae


  Differential time series photometry has been derived for 46422 main-sequence
stars in the core of 47 Tucanae. The observations consisted of near-continuous
160-s exposures alternating between the F555W and F814W filters for 8.3 days in
1999 July with WFPC2 on the Hubble Space Telescope. Using Fourier and other
search methods, eleven detached eclipsing binaries and fifteen W UMa stars have
been discovered, plus an additional ten contact or near-contact non-eclipsing
systems. After correction for non-uniform area coverage of the survey, the
observed frequencies of detached eclipsing binaries and W UMa's within 90
arcseconds of the cluster center are 0.022% and 0.031% respectively. The
observed detached eclipsing binary frequency, the assumptions of a flat binary
distribution with log period and that the eclipsing binaries with periods
longer than about 4 days have essentially their primordial periods, imply an
overall binary frequency of 13 +/- 6 %. The observed W UMa frequency and the
additional assumptions that W UMa's have been brought to contact according to
tidal circularization and angular momentum loss theory and that the contact
binary lifetime is 10^{9} years, imply an overall binary frequency of 14 +/- 4
%. An additional 71 variables with periods from 0.4 - 10 days have been found
which are likely to be BY Draconis stars in binary systems. The radial
distribution of these stars is the same as that of the eclipsing binaries and W
UMa stars and is more centrally concentrated than average stars, but less so
than the blue straggler stars. A distinct subset of six of these stars fall in
an unexpected domain of the CMD, comprising what we propose to call red
stragglers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123958 </DOCNO>
Automated stellar classification for large surveys: a review of methods


  Current and future large astronomical surveys will yield multiparameter
databases on millions or even billions of objects. The scientific exploitation
of these will require powerful, robust, and automated classification tools
tailored to the specific survey. Partly motivated by this, the past five to ten
years has seen a significant increase in the amount of work focused on
automated classification and its application to astronomical data. In this
article, I review this work and assess the current status of automated stellar
classification, with particular regard to its potential application to large
astronomical surveys. I examine both the strengths and weaknesses of the
various techniques and how they have been applied to different classification
and parametrization problems. I finish with a brief look at the developments
still required in order to apply a stellar classifier to a large survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98971 </DOCNO>
Sum Rules for Jacobi Matrices and Their Applications to Spectral Theory


  We discuss the proof of and systematic application of Case's sum rules for
Jacobi matrices. Of special interest is a linear combination of two of his sum
rules which has strictly positive terms. Among our results are a complete
classification of the spectral measures of all Jacobi matrices J for which
J-J_0 is Hilbert--Schmidt, and a proof of Nevai's conjecture that the Szego
condition holds if J-J_0 is trace class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41264 </DOCNO>
Black Holes at the LHC


  If the scale of quantum gravity is near a TeV, the LHC will be producing one
black hole (BH) about every second. The BH decays into prompt, hard photons and
charged leptons is a clean signature with low background. The absence of
significant missing energy allows the reconstruction of the mass of the
decaying BH. The correlation between the BH mass and its temperature, deduced
from the energy spectrum of the decay products, can test experimentally the
higher dimensional Hawking evaporation law. It can also determine the number of
large new dimensions and the scale of quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75051 </DOCNO>
Isospin Symmetry Breaking within the HLS Model: A Full ($\rho, \omega,


  We study the way isospin symmetry violation can be generated within the
Hidden Local Symmetry (HLS) Model. We show that isospin symmetry breaking
effects on pseudoscalar mesons naturally induces correspondingly effects within
the physics of vector mesons, through kaon loops. In this way, one recovers all
features traditionally expected from $\rho-\omg$ mixing and one finds support
for the Orsay phase modelling of the $e^+e^- \ra \pi^+ \pi^-$ amplitude. We
then examine an effective procedure which generates mixing in the whole $\rho$,
$\omg$, $\phi$ sector of the HLS Model. The corresponding model allows us to
account for all two body decays of light mesons accessible to the HLS model in
modulus and phase, leaving aside the $\rho \ra \pi \pi$ and $K^* \ra K \pi$
modes only, which raise a specific problem. Comparison with experimental data
is performed and covers modulus and phase information; this represents 26
physics quantities successfully described with very good fit quality within a
constrained model which accounts for SU(3) breaking, nonet symmetry breaking in
the pseudoscalar sector and, now, isospin symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98451 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic representation theory and Riemann-Hilbert problem


  We show how the Riemann-Hilbert problem can be used to compute correlation
kernels for determinantal point processes arising in different models of
asymptotic combinatorics and representation theory. The Whittaker kernel and
the discrete Bessel kernel are computed as examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169091 </DOCNO>
High-sensitivity force measurement using entangled meters


  We show the possibility to improve the measurement sensitivity of a weak
force by using two meters in an entangled state. This latter can be achieved by
exploiting radiation pressure effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83932 </DOCNO>
New approach for network monitoring and intrusion detection


  The approach for a network behavior description in terms of numerical
time-dependant functions of the protocol parameters is suggested. This provides
a basis for application of methods of mathematical and theoretical physics for
information flow analysis on network and for extraction of patterns of typical
network behavior. The information traffic can be described as a trajectory in
multi-dimensional parameter-time space with dimension about 10-12. Based on
this study some algorithms for the proposed intrusion detection system are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125360 </DOCNO>
A Continuum Description of Rarefied Gas Dynamics (I)--- Derivation From


  We describe an asymptotic procedure for deriving continuum equations from the
kinetic theory of a simple gas. As in the works of Hilbert, of Chapman and of
Enskog, we expand in the mean flight time of the constituent particles of the
gas, but we do not adopt the Chapman-Enskog device of simplifying the formulae
at each order by using results from previous orders. In this way, we are able
to derive a new set of fluid dynamical equations from kinetic theory, as we
illustrate here for the relaxation model for monatomic gases. We obtain a
stress tensor that contains a dynamical pressure term (or bulk viscosity) that
is process-dependent and our heat current depends on the gradients of both
temperature and density. On account of these features, the equations apply to a
greater range of Knudsen number (the ratio of mean free path to macroscopic
scale) than do the Navier-Stokes equations, as we see in the accompanying
paper. In the limit of vanishing Knudsen number, our equations reduce to the
usual Navier-Stokes equations with no bulk viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4657 </DOCNO>
Many-body Diagrammatic Expansion for the Exchange-Correlation Kernel in


  A diagrammatic expansion for the dynamic exchange-correlation kernel f_xc of
time dependent density functional theory is formulated. It is shown that f_xc
has no singularities at Kohn-Sham transition energies in every order of the
perturbation theory. However, it may diverge with the system size in extended
systems. This signifies that any approximate perturbative substitute for f_xc
requires a consistent perturbative treatment of the equation for the response
function to avoid uncontrollable errors in the many-body corrections to
excitations energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148596 </DOCNO>
Bosonic D-branes at finite temperature with an external field


  Bosonic boundary states at finite temperature are constructed as solutions of
boundary conditions at $T\neq 0$ for bosonic open strings with a constant gauge
field $F_{ab}$ coupled to the boundary. The construction is done in the
framework of thermo field dynamics where a thermal Bogoliubov transformation
maps states and operators to finite temperature. Boundary states are given in
terms of states from the direct product space between the Fock space of the
closed string and another identical copy of it. By analogy with zero
temperature, the boundary states heve the interpretation of $Dp$-brane at
finite temperature. The boundary conditions admit two different solutions. The
entropy of the closed string in a $Dp$-brane state is computed and analysed. It
is interpreted as the entropy of the $Dp$-brane at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1924 </DOCNO>
Crashes : symptoms, diagnoses and remedies


  A brief historical perspective is first given concerning financial crashes, -
from the 17th till the 20th century. In modern times, it seems that log
periodic oscillations are found before crashes in several financial indices.
The same is found in sand pile avalanches on Sierpinski gaskets. A discussion
pertains to the after shock period with illustrations from the DAX index. The
factual financial observations and the laboratory ones allow us some conjecture
on symptoms and remedies for discussing financial crashes along econophysics
lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97830 </DOCNO>
An interpolation theorem


  Whenever x is a tame cardinal invariant and ZFC+large cardinals proves that
x=aleph one implies WCG then ZFC+large cardinals proves that x=aleph one
implies b=aleph one, and b=aleph one implies WCG. Here WCG is a certain
prediction principle on omega one. This theorem is one of the many possible
interpolation theorems of this kind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128525 </DOCNO>
The structure of self-gravitating clouds


  To study the interaction of star-formation and turbulent molecular cloud
structuring, we analyse numerical models and observations of self-gravitating
clouds using the Delta-variance as statistical measure for structural
characteristics. In the models we resolve the transition from purely
hydrodynamic turbulence to gravitational collapse associated with the formation
and mass growth of protostellar cores. We compare models of driven and freely
decaying turbulence with and without magnetic fields. Self-gravitating
supersonic turbulence always produces a density structure that contains most
power on the smallest scales provided by collapsed cores as soon as local
collapse sets in. This is in contrast to non-self-gravitating hydrodynamic
turbulence where the Delta-variance is dominated by large scale structures. To
detect this effect in star-forming regions observations have to resolve the
high density contrast of protostellar cores with respect to their ambient
molecular cloud. Using the 3mm continuum map of a star-forming cluster in
Serpens we show that the dust emission traces the full density evolution. On
the contrary, the density range accessible by molecular line observations is
insufficient for this analysis. Only dust emission and dust extinction
observations are able to to determine the structural parameters of star-forming
clouds following the density evolution during the gravitational collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76314 </DOCNO>
Soft Colour Interactions and Diffractive Hard Scattering at the Tevatron


  We make a brief presentation of the soft colour interactions models, the Soft
Colour Interaction and the Generalised Area Law, and summarise the results when
they are applied to p-pbar scattering. The models give a good description of
the Tevatron data on production of W, bottom and jets in diffractive events, as
well as jets with two rapidity gaps, alternatively leading particles. We also
give predictions for diffractive J/psi production and discuss diffractive Higgs
production at the Tevatron and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73543 </DOCNO>
The thermodynamics of the quark-gluon plasma: Self-consistent


  We discuss a recent approach for overcoming the poor convergence of the
perturbative expansion for the thermodynamic potential of QCD. This approach is
based on self-consistent approximations which allow for a gauge-invariant and
manifestly ultraviolet-finite resummation of the essential physics of the hard
thermal/dense loops. The results thus obtained are in good agreement with
available lattice data down to temperatures of about twice the critical
temperature. Calculations for a plasma with finite quark density (i.e., with a
non-zero chemical potential $\mu$) are no more difficult than at $\mu=0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7054 </DOCNO>
Two-species mixture of quantum degenerate Bose and Fermi gases


  We have produced a macroscopic quantum system in which a Li-6 Fermi sea
coexists with a large and stable Na-23 Bose-Einstein condensate. This was
accomplished using inter-species sympathetic cooling of fermionic Li-6 in a
thermal bath of bosonic Na-23.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127220 </DOCNO>
The Location of the Nucleus and the Morphology of Emission-Line Regions


  This paper presents NICMOS images of the nucleus and emission line regions in
NGC 1068. The location of the nucleus relative to the emission line features is
established and the physics underlying the morphology is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3227 </DOCNO>
Reply to Suslov


  In a recent submission to this archive arXiv:cond-mat/0105325, Suslov has
claimed that our recent numerical estimate of the critical exponent of the
Anderson transition $\nu=1.57\pm.02$ is in error and that the available
numerical data are consistent with a value of $\nu=1$. We contest this claim
and demonstrate using Suslov's own scaling procedure that $\nu\ne 1$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41656 </DOCNO>
Hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon g-2: an


  The hadronic light-by-light contribution to a_{mu}, the anomalous magnetic
moment of the muon, is discussed from the point of view of an effective
low-energy theory. As an application, the coefficient of the leading logarithm
arising from the two-loop graphs involving two anomalous vertices is computed,
and found to be positive. This corresponds to a positive sign for the pion-pole
contribution to the hadronic light-by-light correction to a_{mu}, and to a
sizeable reduction of the discrepancy between the present experimental value of
a_{mu} and its theoretical counterpart in the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75315 </DOCNO>
Non-Standard Interactions: Atmospheric versus Neutrino Factory


  We consider the potential of a generic neutrino factory (NUFACT) in probing
non-standard neutrino-matter interactions (NSI). We find that the sensitivity
to flavour-changing (FC) NSI can be substantially improved with respect to
present atmospheric neutrino data, especially at energies higher than
approximately 50 GeV, where the effect of the tau mass is small. For example, a
100 GeV NUFACT can probe FC neutrino interactions at the level of few
$|\epsilon| < {few} \times 10^{-4}$ at 99 % C.L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114518 </DOCNO>
Enrichment of nuclear spin isomers by molecular coherent control


  Enrichment of nuclear spin isomers of molecules by infrared radiation
resonant to molecular rovibrational transition is considered. Special attention
is given to the enrichment by light-induced crossing of far separated ortho and
para states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1797 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Two Superconducting Gaps in $MgB_2$


  We have measured the Raman spectra of polycrystalline MgB$_{2}$ from 25 {\cm}
to 1200 {\cm}. When the temperature was decreased below the superconducting
transition temperature $T_c$, we observed a superconductivity-induced
redistribution in the electronic Raman continuum. Two pair-breaking peaks
appear in the spectra, suggesting the presence of two superconducting gaps.
Furthermore, we have analyzed the measured spectra using a quasi
two-dimensional model in which two s-wave superconducting gaps open on two
sheets of Fermi surface. For the gap values we have obtained $\Delta_1 = 22
cm^{-1}$ (2.7 meV) and $\Delta_2 = 50 cm^{-1}$ (6.2 meV). Our results suggest
that a conventional phonon-mediated pairing mechanism occurs in the planar
boron $\sigma$ bands and is responsible for the superconductivity of MgB$_{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5752 </DOCNO>
Conventional and unconventional orderings in the jarosites


  The jarosites make up the most studied family of {\it kagom\'e}
antiferromagnets. The flexibility of the structure to substitution of the A and
B ions allows a wide range of compositions to be synthesised with the general
formula AB3(SO4)2(OH)6 (A = Na$^+$, K$^+$, Ag$^+$, Rb$^+$, H3O$^+$, NH4$^+$,
1/2Ba$^{2+}$, and 1/2Pb$^{2+}$; B = Fe$^{3+}$, Cr$^{3+}$, and V$^{3+}$).
Additional chemical tuning of the exchange between layers is also possible by
substitution of the (SO4)$^{2-}$ groups by (SeO4)$^{2-}$ or (CrO4)$^{2-}$.
Thus, a variety of S = 5/2, 3/2, and 1 systems can be engineered to allow study
of the effects of frustration in both the classical and more quantum limits.
Within this family both conventional long-ranged magnetic order and more exotic
unconventional orderings have been found. This article reviews the different
types of magnetic orderings that occur and examines some of the parameters that
are their cause.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72553 </DOCNO>
Regularization-independent study of renormalized non-perturbative


  A recently proposed regularization-independent method is used for the first
time to solve the renormalized fermion Schwinger-Dyson equation numerically in
quenched QED$_4$. The Curtis-Pennington vertex is used to illustrate the
technique and to facilitate comparison with previous calculations which used
the alternative regularization schemes of modified ultraviolet cut-off and
dimensional regularization. Our new results are in excellent numerical
agreement with these, and so we can now conclude with confidence that there is
no residual regularization dependence in these results. Moreover, from a
computational point of view the regularization independent method has enormous
advantages, since all integrals are absolutely convergent by construction, and
so do not mix small and arbitrarily large momentum scales. We analytically
predict power law behaviour in the asymptotic region, which is confirmed
numerically with high precision. The successful demonstration of this efficient
new technique opens the way for studies of unquenched QED to be undertaken in
the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 508 </DOCNO>
Raman scattering by electron-hole excitations in silver nanocrystals


  Raman scattering experiments from silver nanocrystals embedded in films of
amorphous silica are reported. In addition to the low-frequency peak due to
vibrational quadrupolar modes, a broadband is observed in the high-frequency
range, with a maximum at about 1000 $cm^{-1}$. The linear dependence of the
position of this maximum on the inverse cluster radius is in agreement with the
Raman scattering by single or collective electron-hole excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129303 </DOCNO>
Formation and Evolution of Galaxies in Clusters


  Elliptical and S0 galaxies dominate the galaxy population in nearby rich
clusters such as Coma. Studies of the evolution of the colors, M/L ratios, and
line indices of early-type galaxies indicate that they have been a highly
homogeneous, slowly evolving population over the last ~65% of the age of the
Universe. On the other hand, recent evidence suggests that many early-type
galaxies in clusters have been transformed from spiral galaxies since z~1.
Arguably the most spectacular evidence for such transformations is the
incidence of red merger systems in several high redshift clusters. Due to this
morphological evolution the sample of early-type galaxies at high redshift is
only a subsample of the sample of early-type galaxies at low redshift. This
``progenitor bias'' results in an overestimate of the mean formation redshift
if simple models without morphological transformations are used. Models which
incorporate morphological evolution explicitly can bring the homogeneity, slow
evolution, and morphological transformations into agreement. The modeling shows
that the corrected mean formation redshift of the stars in early-type galaxies
may be as low as z~2 in a Lambda dominated Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127756 </DOCNO>
The Morphological Evolution of Galaxies


  Many galaxies appear to have taken on their familiar appearance relatively
recently. In the distant Universe, galaxy morphology started to deviate
significantly (and systematically) from that of nearby galaxies at redshifts,
z, as low as z = 0.3. This corresponds to a time ~3.5 Gyr in the past, which is
only ~25% of the present age of the Universe. Beyond z = 0.5 (5 Gyr in the
past) spiral arms are less well-developed and more chaotic, and barred spiral
galaxies may become rarer. By z = 1, around 30% of the galaxy population is
sufficiently peculiar that classification on Hubble's traditional tuning fork
system is meaningless. On the other hand, some characteristics of galaxies do
not seem to have changed much over time. The co-moving space density of
luminous disk galaxies has not changed significantly since z = 1, indicating
that while the general appearance of these objects has continuously changed
with cosmic epoch, their overall numbers have been conserved. Attempts to
explain these results with hierarchical models for the formation of galaxies
have met with mixed success.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96236 </DOCNO>
Shuffle Invariance of the Super-RSK Algorithm


  As in the $(k,l)$-RSK (Robinson-Schensted-Knuth) of [1], other super-RSK
algorithms can be applied to sequences of variables from the set
$\{t_1,...,t_k,u_1,...,u_l\}$, where $t_1<...<t_k$, and $u_1<...<u_l$. While
the $(k,l)$-RSK of [1] is the case where $t_i<u_j$ for all $i$ and $j$, these
other super-RSK's correspond to all the $(\big{(}{{k+l}\atop{k}}\big{)}$
shuffles of the $t$'s and $u$'s satisfying the above restrictions that
$t_1<...<t_k$ and $u_1<...<u_l$. We show that the shape of the tableaux
produced by any such super-RSK is independent of the particular shuffle of the
$t$'s and $u$'s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127677 </DOCNO>
V4641Sgr - Super-Eddington source enshrouded by an extended envelope


  An optical spectroscopy of an unusual fast transient V4641 Sgr constrains its
mass to 8.7-11.7M_sun (9.6M_sun is the best fit value) and the distance to
7.4--12.3 kpc (Orosz et al. 2001). At this distance the peak flux of 12 Crab in
the 2--12 keV energy band, measured by ASM/RXTE, implies the X-ray luminosity
exceeding 2-3e39 erg/s, i.e. near or above the Eddington limit for a 9.6M_sun
black hole. An optical photometry shows that at the peak of the optical
outburst the visual magnitude increased by Delta m_V > 4.7^m relative to the
quiescent level and reached m_V < 8.8^m. An assumption that this optical
emission is due to irradiated surface of an accretion disk or a companion star
with the the black body shape of the spectrum would mean that the bolometric
luminosity of the system exceeds L>3e41 erg/s > 300 L_Edd.
  We argue that the optical data strongly suggest presence of an extended
envelope surrounding the source which absorbs primary X-rays flux and reemits
it in optical and UV. The data also suggests that this envelope should be
optically thin in UV, EUV and soft X-rays. The observed properties of V4641 Sgr
at the peak of an optical flare are very similar to those of SS433. This
envelope is likely the result of near or super Eddington rate of mass accretion
onto the black hole and it vanishes during subsequent evolution of the source
when apparent luminosity drops well below the Eddington value. Thus this
transient source provides us direct proof of the dramatic change in the
character of an accretion flow at the mass accretion rate near or above the
critical Eddington value as predicted long time ago by the theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168082 </DOCNO>
Operator method for solution of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation with the


  The eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of the one-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger
equation with the rational potential ${V}_{L} (x) = \frac{{x}^{2}}{2} +
  \frac{\lambda {x}^{2L}}{1 + g {x}^{2}}$ are calculated in the whole range of
values of $g$ and $\lambda$ by using the operator method. It is shown that the
operator method is successful to the systems with the non-polynomial
hamiltonian if the non-unitary techniques of canonical transformations is used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85746 </DOCNO>
Recycling the universe using scalar fields


  We examine the behaviour of a closed oscillating universe filled with a
homogeneous scalar field and find that, contrary to naive expectations, such a
universe expands to larger volumes during successive expansion epochs. This
intriguing behaviour introduces an arrow of time in a system which is
time-reversible. The increase in the maximum size of the universe is closely
related to the work done on/by the scalar field during one complete oscillatory
cycle which, in turn, is related to the asymmetry in the scalar field equation
of state during expansion and collapse. Our analysis shows that scalar fields
with polynomial potentials $V(\phi) = \lambda \phi^q$, $q > 1$ lead to a
growing oscillation amplitude for the universe: the increase in amplitude
between successive oscillations is more significant for smaller values of $q$.
Such behaviour allows for the effective recycling of the universe. A recycled
universe can be quite old and can resolve the flatness problem. These results
have strong bearing on cosmological models in which the role of dark matter is
played by a scalar field. They are also relevant for chaotic inflationary
models of the early universe since they demonstrate that, even if the universe
fails to inflate the first time around, it will eventually do so during future
oscillatory cycles. Thus, the space of initial conditions favourable for
chaotic inflation increases significantly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127805 </DOCNO>
REM - Rapid Eye Mount. A fast slewing robotized infrared telescope


  The main goal of the REM project is the observation of prompt afterglow of
Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) events. Such observations at Near InfraRed (NIR)
wavelengths are even very promising, since they allow to monitor high-z
Ly-$\alpha$ absorbed bursts as well as events occurring in dusty star-forming
regions. In addition to GRB science, a large amount of time ($\sim 40%$) will
be available for different scientific targets: among these the study of
variability of stellar objects open exciting new perspectives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3576 </DOCNO>
Disorder induced hexagonal-orthorhombic transition in (Y,Gd)MnO3


  We show that the transition in AMnO3 from the orthorhombic perovskite phase
to the hexagonal phase is promoted by inducing disorder on the A-site. The gap
between the orthorhombic and the hexagonal phase is widened for disordered,
mixed yttrium-gadolinium manganite samples. At the cost of the orthorhombic
phase a two phase region emerges. The phase separation exhibits very unusual
thermodynamical behaviour. We also show that high pressure synthesis favours
the orthorhombic phase. YMnO3 is formed in the orthorhombic phase at 15 kbar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98994 </DOCNO>
Degeneration of the Leray spectral sequence for certain geometric


  We prove that the Leray spectral sequence in rational cohomology for the
quotient map $U_{n,d} \to U_{n,d}/G$ where $U_{n,d}$ is the affine variety of
equations for smooth hypersurfaces of degree $d$ in $\PP^n(\C)$ and $G$ is the
general linear group, degenerates at $E_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 253 </DOCNO>
Molecular Dynamics Studies on HIV-1 Protease: Drug Resistance and


  Drug resistance to HIV-1 Protease involves accumulation of multiple mutations
in the protein. Here we investigate the role of these mutations by using
molecular dynamics simulations which exploit the influence of the native-state
topology in the folding process. Our calculations show that sites contributing
to phenotypic resistance of FDA-approved drugs are among the most sensitive
positions for the stability of partially folded states and should play a
relevant role in the folding process. Furthermore, associations between amino
acid sites mutating under drug treatment are shown to be statistically
correlated. The striking correlation between clinical data and our calculations
suggest a novel approach to the design of drugs tailored to bind regions
crucial not only for protein function but also for folding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149373 </DOCNO>
Heat kernel asymptotics: more special case calculations


  Special case calculations are presented, which can be used to put
restrictions on the general form of heat kernel coefficients for transmittal
boundary conditions and for generalized bag boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5417 </DOCNO>
Finite Temperature Behavior of the 3D Polyakov Model with Massless


  The (2+1)D Georgi-Glashow (or Polyakov) model with the additional fundamental
massless quarks is explored at finite temperature. In the case of vanishing
Yukawa coupling, it is demonstrated that the interaction of a monopole and an
antimonopole in the molecule via quark zero modes leads to the decrease of the
Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless critical temperature when the number of quark
flavors is equal to one. If the number of flavors becomes larger, monopoles are
shown to exist only in the molecular phase at any temperatures exceeding a
certain exponentially small one. This means that for such a number of flavors
and at such temperatures, no fundamental matter can be confined by means of the
monopole mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75595 </DOCNO>
Global Strings in High Density QCD


  We show that several types of global strings occur in colour superconducting
quark matter due to the spontaneous violation of relevant U(1) symmetries.
These include the baryon U(1)_B, and approximate axial U(1)_A symmetries as
well as an approximate U(1)_S arising from kaon condensation. We discuss some
general properties of these strings and their interactions. In particular, we
demonstrate that the U(1)_A strings behave as superconducting strings. We draw
some parallels between these strings and global cosmological strings and
discuss some possible implications of these strings to the physics in neutron
star cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97412 </DOCNO>
Linearization of Regular Proper Groupoids


  Let G be a Lie groupoid over M such that the target-source map from G to M x
M is proper. We show that, if O is an orbit of finite type (i.e. which admits a
proper function with finitely many critical points), then the restriction G|U
of G to some neighborhood U of O in M is isomorphic to a similar restriction of
the action groupoid for the linear action of the transitive groupoid G|O on the
normal bundle NO. The proof uses a deformation argument based on a cohomology
vanishing theorem, along with a slice theorem which is derived from a new
result on submersions with a fibre of finite type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129082 </DOCNO>
Agns and Clusters in Chandra Deep Fields


  The Chandra X-ray Satellite already observed several deep fields, including
the two 1 Megasec exposures of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS) and North.
We review here the main findings from the CDFS. The LogN-LogS relations show
the resolution of the X-ray background into point sources at the level of
83-99% in the 1-2 keV band and 65-98% in the 2-10 keV band, given the
uncertainties in the unresolved value. The so called ``spectral paradox'' is
solved by a hard, faint population of sources constituted mostly by nearby
(z<1) absorbed (Type II) AGNs with hard-band luminosities L~10^{42}-10^{44}
erg/s. When comparing these results to other deep fields in the X-ray band, we
find that the AGNs detected in 0.1 deg^2 of the CDFS are representative of the
AGNs population as a whole. However, we also noticed an excess in the hard
counts in two Chandra deep fields. If we include this excess and average it
among the observed fields, the total contribution of the XRB can grow of about
7%. Finally, we discuss briefly the properties of the Intra Cluster Medium
imaged at high z, showing no evolution in clusters properties up to z~1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113833 </DOCNO>
Kinetic theory of QED plasmas in a strong electromagnetic field. II. The


  Starting from a general relativistic kinetic equation, a self-consistent
mean-field equation for fermions is derived within a covariant density matrix
approach of QED plasmas in strong external fields. A Schr\"odinger picture
formulation on space-like hyperplanes is applied. The evolution of the
distribution function is described by the one-particle gauge-invariant 4x4
Wigner matrix, which is decomposed in spinor space. A coupled system of
equations for the corresponding Wigner components is obtained. The polarization
current is expressed in terms of the Wigner function. Charge conservation is
obeyed. In the quasi-classical limit for the Wigner components a relativistic
Vlasov equation is obtained, which is presented in an invariant, i.e.
hyperplane independent, form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127652 </DOCNO>
Formation of the Black Hole in Nova Scorpii


  Israelian et al. (1999) showed that the stellar companion of the black-hole
binary Nova Sco is polluted with material ejected in the supernova that
accompanied the formation of the black-hole primary. Here we systematically
investigate the implications of these observations for the black-hole formation
process. Using a variety of supernova models, including both standard as well
as hypernova models (for different helium-star masses, explosion energies, and
explosion geometries) and a simple model for the evolution of the binary and
the pollution of the secondary, we show that most of the observed abundance
anomalies can be explained for a large range of model parameters (apart from
the abundance of Ti). The best models are obtained for He star masses of 10 to
16 Msun, where spherical hypernova models are generally favoured over standard
supernova ones. Aspherical hypernova models also produce acceptable fits,
provided there is extensive lateral mixing. All models require substantial
fallback and that the fallback material either reached the orbit of the
secondary or was mixed efficiently with material that escaped. The black hole
therefore formed in a two-step process, where the initial mass of the collapsed
remnant was increased substantially by matter that fell back after the initial
collapse. This may help to explain the high observed space velocity of Nova Sco
either because of a neutrino-induced kick (if a neutron star was formed first)
or by asymmetric mass ejection in an asymmetric supernova explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129310 </DOCNO>
An Empirical Calibration of Star Formation Rate Estimators


  (Abridged) The observational determination of the behaviour of the star
formation rate (SFR) with look-back time or redshift has two main weaknesses:
1- the large uncertainty of the dust/extinction corrections, and 2- that
systematic errors may be introduced by the fact that the SFR is estimated using
different methods at different redshifts. To assess the possible systematic
differences among the different SFR estimators and the role of dust, we have
compared SFR estimates using H$\alpha$, SFR(H$\alpha$), [OII]$\lambda$3727\AA,
SFR(OII), UV, SFR(UV) and FIR, SFR(FIR) luminosities of a sample comprising the
31 nearby star forming galaxies having high quality photometric data in the UV,
optical and FIR.
  We review the different "standard" methods for the estimation of the SFR and
find that while the standard method provides good agreement between
SFR(H$\alpha$) and SFR(FIR), both SFR(OII) and SFR(UV) are systematically
higher than SFR(FIR), irrespective of the extinction law.
  We show that the excess in the SFR(OII) and SFR(UV) is mainly due to an
overestimate of the extinction resulting from the effect of underlying stellar
Balmer absorptions in the measured emission line fluxes. Taking this effect
into consideration in the determination of the extinction brings the SFR(OII)
and SFR(UV) in line with the SFR(FIR) and simultaneously reduces the internal
scatter of the SFR estimations. Based on these results we have derived
"unbiased" SFR expressions for the SFR(UV), SFR(OII) and SFR(H$\alpha$). We
have used these estimators to recompute the SFR history of the Universe using
the results of published surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95384 </DOCNO>
Topological Quantum Computation


  The theory of quantum computation can be constructed from the abstract study
of anyonic systems. In mathematical terms, these are unitary topological
modular functors. They underlie the Jones polynomial and arise in
Witten-Chern-Simons theory. The braiding and fusion of anyonic excitations in
quantum Hall electron liquids and 2D-magnets are modeled by modular functors,
opening a new possibility for the realization of quantum computers. The chief
advantage of anyonic computation would be physical error correction: An error
rate scaling like $e^{-\a\l}$, where $\l$ is a length scale, and $\alpha$ is
some positive constant. In contrast, the $\q$presumptive" qubit-model of
quantum computation, which repairs errors combinatorically, requires a
fantastically low initial error rate (about $10^{-4}$) before computation can
be stabilized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149918 </DOCNO>
N=1 supersymmetric sigma model with boundaries, I


  We study an N=1 two-dimensional non-linear sigma model with boundaries
representing, e.g., a gauge fixed open string. We describe the full set of
boundary conditions compatible with N=1 superconformal symmetry. The problem is
analysed in two different ways: by studying requirements for invariance of the
action, and by studying the conserved supercurrent. We present the target space
interpretation of these results, and identify the appearance of partially
integrable almost product structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41756 </DOCNO>
Electron-Positron colliders


  An electron-positron linear collider in the energy range between 500 and 1000
GeV is of crucial importance to precisely test the Standard Model and to
explore the physics beyond it. The physics program is complementary to that of
the Large Hadron Collider. Some of the main physics goals and the expected
accuracies of the anticipated measurements at such a linear collider are
discussed. A short review of the different collider designs presently under
study is given including possible upgrade paths to the multi-TeV region.
Finally a framework is presented within which the realisation of such a project
could be achieved as a global international project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4471 </DOCNO>
Evidence for s-wave Superconductivity in the Superfluid Density of


  We present measurements of the ab-plane magnetic penetration depth,
\lambda^{-2}(T), in five optimally doped Pr_{1.855}Ce_{0.145}CuO_{4-y} films
for 1.6 K <= T <= T_c ~ 24 K. Low resistivities, high superfluid densities
n_s(T) \propto \lambda^{-2}(T), high T_c's, and small transition widths are
reproducible and indicative of excellent sample quality. The first 5% drop in
n_s(T) is cubic in T to within the experimental uncertainty of 0.2%:
\lambda^{-2}(T) \propto 1 - (T/T_0)^3, with T_0 = 20 +/- 1 K. This anomalous
T^3 behavior is consistent with s-wave pairing with strong inelastic
scattering, but is incompatible with d-wave pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 907 </DOCNO>
Momentum-Resolved Inelastic X-ray Scattering as a Novel Tool to Study


  We report particle-hole pair excitations in a cuprate insulator in the
intermediate regimes of momentum-transfers using high energy inelastic x-ray
scattering. The excitation spectra show dispersive features near the Mott edge
which shed light on the momentum structure of the upper Hubbard band in
cuprates. We briefly discuss the potential use of such a technique to study the
momentum dependence of unoccupied bands and q-dependent charge fluctuations in
complex insulators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128729 </DOCNO>
Two extra-solar planets from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search


  We report the detection of two new extra-solar planets from the
Anglo-Australian Planet Search around the stars HD142 and HD23079. The planet
orbiting HD142 has an orbital period of just under one year, while that
orbiting HD23079 has a period of just under two years. HD142 falls into the
class of "eccentric" gas giants. HD23079 lies in the recently uncovered class
of "epsilon Ret-like" planets - extra-solar gas giant planets with
near-circular orbits outside 0.1 a.u. The recent discovery of several more
members of this class provides new impetus for the extension of existing planet
searches to longer periods, in the search for Jupiter-like planets in
Jupiter-like orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4854 </DOCNO>
Variational finite-difference representation of the kinetic energy


  A potential disadvantage of real-space-grid electronic structure methods is
the lack of a variational principle and the concomitant increase of total
energy with grid refinement. We show that the origin of this feature is the
systematic underestimation of the kinetic energy by the finite difference
representation of the Laplacian operator. We present an alternative
representation that provides a rigorous upper bound estimate of the true
kinetic energy and we illustrate its properties with a harmonic oscillator
potential. For a more realistic application, we study the convergence of the
total energy of bulk silicon using a real-space-grid density-functional code
and employing both the conventional and the alternative representations of the
kinetic energy operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81147 </DOCNO>
The static three-quark SU(3) and four-quark SU(4) potentials


  We present results on the static three- and four-quark potentials in SU(3)
and SU(4) respectively within quenched lattice QCD. We use an analytic
multi-hit procedure for the time links and a variational approach to determine
the ground state. The three- and four-quark potentials extracted are consistent
with a sum of two-body potentials, possibly with a weak many-body component.
The results give support to the $\Delta$ ansatz for the baryonic area law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1493 </DOCNO>
High Magnetic Field Microwave Conductivity of 2D Electrons in an Array


  We measure the high magnetic field ($B$) microwave conductivity,
Re$\sigma_{xx}$, of a high mobility 2D electron system containing an antidot
array. Re$\sigma_{xx}$ vs frequency ($f$) increases strongly in the regime of
the fractional quantum Hall effect series, with Landau filling $1/3<\nu<2/3$.
At microwave $f$, Re$\sigma_{xx}$ vs $B$ exhibits a broad peak centered around
$\nu=1/2$. On the peak, the 10 GHz Re$\sigma_{xx}$ can exceed its dc-limit
value by a factor of 5. This enhanced microwave conductivity is unobservable
for temperature $T \gtrsim 0.5$ K, and grows more pronounced as $T$ is
decreased. The effect may be due to excitations supported by the antidot edges,
but different from the well-known edge magnetoplasmons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74944 </DOCNO>
Is the observable Universe generic?


  Recently an inflationary potential yielding power spectra characterized by a
scale-invariant tensorial spectral index and a scale-dependent scalar spectral
index was introduced. We analize here the implications that this potential
could have for the large-scale structure formation in the multiverses scenario
of eternal inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84072 </DOCNO>
Concurrent computing machines and physical space-time


  Concrete computing machines, either sequential or concurrent, rely on an
intimate relation between computation and time. We recall the general
characteristic properties of physical time and of present realizations of
computing systems. We emphasize the role of computing interferences, i.e. the
necessity to avoid them in order to give a causal implementation to logical
operations. We compare synchronous and asynchronous systems, and make a brief
survey of some methods used to deal with computing interferences. Using a
graphic representation, we show that synchronous and asynchronous circuits
reflect the same opposition as the Newtonian and relativistic causal structures
for physical space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86353 </DOCNO>
Non-trivial Solutions of the Bach Equation Exist


  We show that solutions of the Bach equation exist which are not conformal
Einstein spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179714 </DOCNO>
Two pion photoproduction on nucleons and nuclei in the rho and sigma


  In this talk we report on two physical processes, the photoproduction of
  $\rho$ mesons in nuclei and the $\pi^0 \pi^0$ photoproduction in nuclei at
low energies. In the first case the aim is to observe experimentally the
theoretically predicted changes on the $\rho $ properties in the nuclear
medium. In the second case one wishes to investigate the modifications of the
$\pi \pi$ interaction in the nuclear medium in the region of the $\sigma$
meson. In the first case we observe that it is quite difficult to see large
effects due to the $\rho$ modification in the medium because the detection of
the $\rho $ is done through the two pions which are produced in the $\Delta$
region and are largely distorted in the medium. In the second case, when the
I=0 part of the $\pi \pi$ interaction is substituted by the in medium $\pi \pi$
amplitude, we observe a very large shift of strength in the invariant mass
distribution to small values of the mass in $^{12}C$ and $^{208}Pb$ with
respect to the distribution of the elementary reaction. This spectacular shift
appears to be corroborated by recent experiments at Mainz reported in this same
Workshop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2220 </DOCNO>
Acoustoelectric pumping through a ballistic point contact in the


  The acoustoelectric current, J, induced in a ballistic point contact (PC) by
a surface acoustic wave is calculated in the presence of a perpendicular
magnetic field, B. It is found that the dependence of the current on the Fermi
energy in the terminals is strongly correlated with that of the PC conductance:
J is small at the conductance plateaus, and is large at the steps. Like the
conductance, the acoustoelectric current has the same functional behavior as in
the absence of the field, but with renormalized energy scales, which depend on
the strength of the magnetic field, | B|.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113764 </DOCNO>
Dark Area Theorem


  We report the discovery of a "dark area theorem," a new quantum optical
relation for propagation of unmatched pulses in thick three-level
$\Lambda$-type media. We define dark area and derive the dark area theorem for
a coherently prepared and inhomogeneously broadened lambda medium. We also
obtain the first equation for the spatial evolution of the dark state amplitude
prior to pulse-matching.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40763 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Issues in the Determination of Delta Gamma_D


  We consider the issue of determining the D0-Dbar0 width difference Delta
Gamma_D experimentally. The current situation is reviewed and suggestions for
further study are given. We propose a number of D0 decay modes in addition to
those studied in the recent E791, FOCUS and BELLE lifetime determination
experiments. Then we address prospects for determining CF - CDS strong phase
differences, like delta_{K pi} which appears in the CLEO study of D0 -> K+ pi-
transitions. We show how to extract delta_{K* pi} with CDS data and furthermore
show when D -> K_L pi data becomes available, that delta_{K pi} can also be
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168782 </DOCNO>
A Systematic Formulation of Slow Polaritons in Atomic Gases


  We formulate a theory of slow polaritons in atomic gases and apply it to the
slowing down, storing, and redirecting of laser pulses in an EIT medium. The
normal modes of the coupled matter and radiation are determined through a full
diagonalization of the dissipationless Hamiltonian. Away from the EIT resonance
where the polaritons acquire an excited-state contribution, lifetimes are
introduced as a secondary step. With detuning included various four-wave mixing
possibilities are analyzed. We investigate specifically the possibility of
reverting a stopped polariton by reversing the control beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149778 </DOCNO>
On Linearization of N=1 Nonlinear Supersymmetry


  The N=1 Volkov-Akulov model of nonlinear supersymmetry is explicitly related
to a vector supermultiplet model with a Fayet-Iliopoulos D term of linear
supersymmetry. The physical significance of the results is discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169241 </DOCNO>
Multi-Parameter Entanglement in Femtosecond Parametric Down-Conversion


  A theory of spontaneous parametric down-conversion, which gives rise to a
quantum state that is entangled in multiple parameters, such as
three-dimensional wavevector and polarization, allows us to understand the
unusual characteristics of fourth-order quantum interference in many
experiments, including ultrafast type-II parametric down-conversion, the
specific example illustrated in this paper. The comprehensive approach provided
here permits the engineering of quantum states suitable for quantum information
schemes and new quantum technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114468 </DOCNO>
Atomic diffraction from nanostructured optical potentials


  We develop a versatile theoretical approach to the study of cold-atom
diffractive scattering from light-field gratings by combining calculations of
the optical near-field, generated by evanescent waves close to the surface of
periodic nanostructured arrays, together with advanced atom wavepacket
propagation on this optical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 299 </DOCNO>
Properties of low-lying states in some high nuclearity Mn, Fe and V


  Using an efficient numerical scheme that exploits spatial symmetries and spin
parity, we have obtained the exact low-lying eigenstates of exchange
Hamiltonians for the high nuclearity spin clusters, Mn_12, Fe_8 and V_15. The
largest calculation involves the Mn_12 cluster which spans a Fock space of a
hundred million. Our results show that the earlier estimates of the exchange
constants need to be revised for the Mn_12 cluster to explain the level
ordering of low-lying eigenstates. In the case of the Fe_8 cluster, correct
level ordering can be obtained which is consistent with the exchange constants
for the already known clusters with butterfly structure. In the V_15 cluster,
we obtain an effective Hamiltonian that reproduces exactly, the eight low-lying
eigenvalues of the full Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168674 </DOCNO>
QSES's and the Quantum Jump


  The stochastic methods in Hilbert space have been used both from a
fundamental and a practical point of view. The result we report here concerns
only the idea of applying these methods to model the evolution of quantum
systems and does not enter into the question of their fundamental or practical
status. It can be easily stated as follows: Once a quantum stochastic evolution
scheme is assumed, the incompatibility between the Markov property and the
notion of quantum jump is rapidly established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6730 </DOCNO>
Upper critical field in a trigonal unconventional superconductor UPt_3


  A theory of the upper critical field in a trigonal superconductor with a
two-component order-parameter is developed. We demonstrate the existence of
sixfold modulations of the upper critical field in the basal plane. The form of
the angular dependence of H_c2 in the plane of the main symmetry axis is
studied in the whole range of phenomenological rigidity coefficients. A
qualitative dependence of these coefficients on the form of the Fermi surface
is established. The results obtained are discussed in connection with the
measurements of the direction dependence of H_c2 in the heavy fermion
superconductor UPt_3 that has been recently found to possess trigonal
crystalline structure.
  PACS numbers: 74.20.De, 74.70.Tx

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179360 </DOCNO>
Deformed Boson Scheme in Time-Dependent Variational Method. I


  Various aspects of the deformed boson scheme are investigated with aiming of
applying to the time-dependent variational method for many-boson system. The
case of the multiboson states is also discussed. In analogy with the
time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory in many-fermion system, the classical aspect
of the deformed boson is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126712 </DOCNO>
Astrometric Method to Break the Photometric Degeneracy between


  An extra-solar planet can be detected by microlensing because the planet can
perturb the smooth lensing light curve created by the primary lens. However, it
was shown by Gaudi that a subset of binary-source events can produce light
curves that closely resemble those produced by a significant fraction of
planet/star lens systems, causing serious contamination of a sample of
suspected planetary systems detected via microlensing. In this paper, we show
that if a lensing event is observed astrometrically, one can unambiguously
break the photometric degeneracy between binary-source and planetary lensing
perturbations. This is possible because while the planet-induced perturbation
in the trajectory of the lensed source image centroid shifts points away from
the opening of the unperturbed elliptical trajectory, while the perturbation
induced by the binary source companion points always towards the opening.
Therefore, astrometric microlensing observations by using future high-precision
interferometers will be important for solid confirmation of microlensing planet
detections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168020 </DOCNO>
Sub-wavelength lithography over extended areas


  We demonstrate a systematic approach to sub-wavelength resolution
lithographic image formation on films covering areas larger than a wavelength
squared. For example, it is possible to make a lithographic pattern with a
feature size resolution of $\lambda/[2(N+1)]$ by using a particular $2
M$-photon, multi-mode entangled state, where $N < M$, and banks of birefringent
plates. By preparing a statistically mixed such a state one can form any pixel
pattern on a $(N+1) 2^{M-N} \times (N+1) 2^{M-N}$ pixel grid occupying a square
with a side of $L=2^{M-N-1}$ wavelengths. Hence, there is a trade-off between
the exposed area, the minimum lithographic feature size resolution, and the
number of photons used for the exposure. We also show that the proposed method
will work even under non-ideal conditions, albeit with somewhat poorer
performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124552 </DOCNO>
Backflow in Post-Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars


  We derive the conditions for a backflow toward the central star(s) of
circumstellar material to occur during the post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB)
phase. The backflowing material may be accreted by the post-AGB star and/or its
companion, if such exists. Such a backflow may play a significant role in
shaping the descendant planetary nebula, by, among other things, slowing down
the post-AGB evolution, and by forming an accretion disk which may blow two
jets. We consider three forces acting on a slowly moving mass element: the
gravity of the central system, radiation pressure, and fast wind ram pressure.
We find that for a significant backflow to occur, a slow dense flow should
exsist, such that the relation between the total mass in the slow flow, M, and
the solid angle it covers, Omega, is given by (4*pi*M/Omega)>0.1Mo. The
requirement for both high mass loss rate per unit solid angle and a very slow
wind, such that it can be decelerated and flow back, probably requires close
binary interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96439 </DOCNO>
Twisted vertex representations and spin characters


  We establish a new group-theoretic realization of the basic representations
of the twisted affine and twisted toroidal algebras of ADE types in the same
spirit of our new approach to the McKay correspondence. Our vertex operator
construction provides a unified description to the character tables for the
spin cover of the wreath product of the twisted hyperoctahedral groups and an
arbitrary finite group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75997 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Knot Solitons in Weinberg-Salam Model


  We demonstrate the existence of stable knot solitons in the standard
electroweak theory whose topological quantum number $\pi_3(S^3)$ is fixed by
the Higgs doublet. The electroweak knots are made of the helical hypermagnetic
flux tube which has a non-trivial dressing of the Higgs field, and carry a net
supercurrent made of W-boson. We estimate the mass of the lightest knot to be
around 15 TeV, and propose that the knots could be an ideal candidate of
superconducting cosmic string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5729 </DOCNO>
Onset of dissipation in ballistic atomic wires


  Electronic transport at finite voltages in free-standing gold atomic chains
of up to 7 atoms in length is studied at low temperatures using a scanning
tunneling microscope (STM). The conductance vs voltage curves show that
transport in these single-mode ballistic atomic wires is non-dissipative up to
a finite voltage threshold of the order of several mV. The onset of dissipation
and resistance within the wire corresponds to the excitation of the atomic
vibrations by the electrons traversing the wire and is very sensitive to
strain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148835 </DOCNO>
Quantum electrodynamics in the squeezed vacuum state: Electron mass


  Due to the nonvanishing average photon population of the squeezed vacuum
state, finite corrections to the scattering matrix are obtained. The lowest
order contribution to the electron mass shift for a one mode squeezed vacuum
state is given by $\delta m(\Omega, s)/m=\alpha (2/\pi)(\Omega
/m)^2\sinh^2(s)$, where $\Omega$ and $s$ stand for the mode frequency and the
squeeze parameter and $\alpha$ for the fine structure constant, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149866 </DOCNO>
Patterns of chiral symmetry breaking and a candidate for a C-theorem in


  We test a candidate for a four-dimensional C-function. This is done by
considering all asymptotically free, vectorlike gauge theories with N_f flavors
and fermions in arbitrary representations of any simple Lie group. Assuming
spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in the infrared limit and that the
value of the C-function in this limit is determined by the number of Goldstone
bosons, we find that only in the case of a theory with two colors and fermions
in one single pseudo-real representation of SU(2) the C-theorem seems to be
violated. Conversely, this might also be a sign of new constraints, restricting
the number of flavors consistent with spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. For
all other groups and representations we find that this candidate C-function
decreases along the renormalization group flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98430 </DOCNO>
Locating anisotropies in electrical impedance tomography


  In this article, we consider the problem of finding the support of an
inhomogenous possibly anisotropic inclusion in a background of constant
electric conductivity from the electrical impedance tomography data at the
boundary of a bounded body. The article discusses the linear sampling method
applied to this problem. A practical algorithm for solving this problem is
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1793 </DOCNO>
An Interface View of Directed Sandpile Dynamics


  We present a directed unloading sand box type avalanche model, driven by
slowly lowering the retaining wall at the bottom of the slope. The avalanche
propagation in the two dimensional surface is related to the space-time
configurations of one dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) type interface
growth dynamics. We express the scaling exponents for the avalanche cluster
distributions into that framework. The numerical results agree closely with KPZ
scaling, but not perfectly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97040 </DOCNO>
P not= NP for infinite time Turing machines


  We state a version of the P=?NP problem for infinite time Turing machines. It
is observed that P not= NP for this version.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76452 </DOCNO>
Violation of Sum Rules for Twist-3 Parton Distributions in QCD


  Sum rules for twist-3 distributions are reexamined. Integral relations
between twist-3 and twist-2 parton distributions suggest the possibility for a
$\delta$-function at $x=0$. We confirm and clarify this result by constructing
$h_L$ and $h_L^3$ (quark-gluon interaction dependent part of $h_L$) explicitly
from their moments for a one-loop dressed massive quark. The physics of these
results is illustrated by calculating $h_L(x,Q^2)$ using light-front
time-ordered pQCD to ${\cal O}(\alpha_S)$ on a quark target. A $\delta(x)$ term
is also found in $e(x,Q^2)$, but not in $g_T(x,Q^2)$, to this order in ${\cal
O}(\alpha_S)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85701 </DOCNO>
Soliton solution in dilaton-Maxwell gravity


  The inverse scattering problem method application to construction of exact
solution for Maxwell dilaton gravity system ia considered. By use of Belinsky
and Zakharov L - A pair the solution of the theory is constructed. The rotating
Kerr - like configuration with NUT - parameter is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7098 </DOCNO>
Quantum states and magnetooptics in n- and p-type heterojunctions with


  The studies of quantum states and optics in n- and p-type heterojunctions
with lateral surface quantum dot (antidots) superlattice and in the presence of
perpendicular magnetic field are performed. The Azbel' - Hofstadter problem is
solved for electrons in conduction band and for holes in valence band described
by 4x4 Luttinger Hamiltonian. Under the conditions of non-interactive Landau
levels the set of magnetic subbands is obtained for separate electron and hole
levels in wide interval of magnetic fields. The influence of spin-orbit
interaction onto wavefunctions and energy spectrum in hole magnetic subbands
has been investigated. The probabilities of transitions between quantum states
in magnetic subbands and monolayer of impurities located inside heterojunction
are calculated for two cases: transitions between electron states and acceptors
and between hole states and donors. The set of parameters (superlattice
periods, amplitude of periodic potential and magntitude of magnetic field,
etc.) required for experimental observation of magnetic subbands is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76668 </DOCNO>
Status and Prospects of Theoretical Predictions for Weak Gauge Boson


  For the envisioned precision measurement of the W-boson mass at present and
future lepton and hadron colliders it is crucial that the theoretical
predictions for the underlying production processes are well under control. We
briefly describe the status of the predictions for the W-pair-production
processes at e+ e- colliders, e+ e- -> W+ W- -> 4f, and for W- and Z-boson
production at pp and p anti-p colliders, pp, p anti-p -> W -> l nu_l and pp, p
anti-p -> Z,gamma -> l+ l- (l=e,mu). We also discuss the theoretical
improvements needed to meet the experimental accuracies one hopes to achieve in
future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 939 </DOCNO>
Strong Electron-Phonon Coupling in Superconducting MgB$_2$: A Specific


  We report on measurements of the specific heat of the recently discovered
superconductor MgB$_2$ in the temperature range between 3 and 220 K. Based on a
modified Debye-Einstein model, we have achieved a rather accurate account of
the lattice contribution to the specific heat, which allows us to separate the
electronic contribution from the total measured specific heat. From our result
for the electronic specific heat, we estimate the electron-phonon coupling
constant $\lambda$ to be of the order of 2, significantly enhanced compared to
common weak-coupling values $\leq 0.4$. Our data also indicate that the
electronic specific heat in the superconducting state of MgB$_2$ can be
accounted for by a conventional, s-wave type BCS-model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128929 </DOCNO>
Theory in a Virtual Observatory


  During the last couple of years, observers have started to make plans for a
Virtual Observatory, as a federation of existing data bases, connected through
levels of software that enable rapid searches, correlations, and various forms
of data mining. We propose to extend the notion of a Virtual Observatory by
adding archives of simulations, together with interactive query and
visualization capabilities, as well as ways to simulate observations of
simulations in order to compare them with observations. For this purpose, we
have already organized two small workshops, earlier in 2001, in Tucson and
Aspen. We have also provided concrete examples of theory data, designed to be
federated with a Virtual Observatory. These data stem from a project to
construct an archive for our large-scale simulations using the GRAPE-6 (a
32-Teraflops special purpose computer for stellar dynamics). We are
constructing interfaces by which remote observers can observe these
simulations. In addition, these data will enable detailed comparisons between
different simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127879 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Disks and Winds in Dwarf Novae Outbursts


  Far ultraviolet (FUV) observations are excellent probes of the inner
accretion disk, disk outflows, and the mass-accumulating white dwarf in
cataclysmic variables. Here we study the contrasting behavior of two canonical
dwarf novae in outburst by presenting FUSE FUV (904 -- 1187 A) spectroscopy of
U Gem and SS Cyg. We observed each system four times during a single outburst.
The outburst peak and early decline spectra of SS Cyg are well fit by models of
a steady-state accretion disk and a biconical wind. A broad, blueshifted OVI
wind-formed absorption line is the only strong spectral feature. In late
outburst decline, OVI and CIII lines are seen as broad emission features and
the continuum has flattened. In U Gem, the continua of the optical outburst
plateau spectra are plausibly fit by accretion disk model spectra. The spectra
also show numerous narrow, low-velocity absorption lines that do not originate
in the inner accretion disk. We discuss the line spectra in the context of
partial absorption of the FUV continuum by low-velocity, vertically-extended
material located at large disk radii. The late outburst decline spectrum of U
Gem is dominated by the white dwarf. WD model fits confirm the sub-solar C and
super-solar N abundances found in earlier studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148213 </DOCNO>
Geometry and Toplogy of Solitons


  Basic concepts and definitions in differential geometry and topology which
are important in the theory of solitons and instantons are reviewed. Many
examples from soliton theory are discussed briefly, in order to highlight the
application of various geometrical concepts and techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1007 </DOCNO>
To sell or not to sell? Behavior of shareholders during price collapses


  It is a common belief that the behavior of shareholders depends upon the
direction of price fluctuations: if prices increase they buy, if prices
decrease they sell. That belief, however, is more based on ``common sense''
than on facts. In this paper we present evidence for a specific class of
shareholders which shows that the actual behavior of shareholders can be
markedly different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7129 </DOCNO>
Ordering at Solid-Liquid Interfaces Between Dissimilar Materials


  In an earlier report we explored structural correlations at a liquid-solid
interface with molecular dynamics simulations of a model aluminium system using
the Ercolessi-Adams potential and up to 4320 atoms. Substrate atoms were pinned
to their equilibrium fcc crystalline positions while liquid atoms were free to
move. A direct correlation between the amount of ordering in the liquid phase
and the underlying substrate orientation was found. In the present paper we
extend this study to the case of a fixed bcc substrate in contact with liquid
aluminium. We find surprisingly similar results for the density profiles of
both (100) and (110) substrates. However, there is a far greater in-plane
ordering in the (100) than for the (110) system. For the (100) substrates we
observe adsorption of liquid atoms into the terminating plane of the bcc (100)
substrate, effectivel

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73120 </DOCNO>
High energy particles from gamma-ray bursts


  A review is presented of the fireball model of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and
of the production in GRB fireballs of high energy protons and neutrinos.
Constraints imposed on the model by recent afterglow observations, which
support the association of GRB and ultra-high energy cosmic-ray (UHECR)
sources, are discussed. Predictions of the GRB model for UHECR production,
which can be tested with planned large area UHECR detectors and with planned
high energy neutrino telescopes, are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76270 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Aspect of Axial Vector Vertex in the Global Color


  It is shown how the axial vector current of current quarks is related to that
of constituent quarks within the framework of the global color symmetry model.
Gluon dressing of the axial vector vertex and the quark self-energy functions
is described by the inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation in the ladder
approximation and the Schwinger-Dyson equation in the rainbow approximation,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 383 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo study of the superfluid weight in doped antiferromagnets


  The phase fluctuations of the condensate in doped antiferromagnets, described
by a t-t'-J model and a suitable 1/N expansion, provide a mechanism for a
Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) type of transition to a superconducting state below
T_{c}. In this paper, we present a Monte Carlo study of the corresponding
superfluid weight D_{s}(T) in the classical (large-N) limit, as a function of
temperature and doping. Consistent with generic experimental trends, D_{s}(T)
exhibits a T-linear decrease at low temperatures, with the magnitude of the
slope D_{s}'(0) increasing upon doping. Finite-size scaling in the underdoped
regime predicts values for the dimensionless ratio A=k_{B}T_{c}/D_{s}(0) of
order unity, with A=0.4435(5) in the half-filled-band limit, thus confirming
D_{s}(0) as the fundamental energy scale determining T_{c}. Our Monte Carlo
results for D_{s}(T)/D_{s}(0) vs k_{B}T/D_{s}(0), at 10% hole doping, are found
to be in reasonable agreement with recent measurements on
La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4}, with x=0.10, throughout the temperature range below the
theoretical KT transition temperature T_{c}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1826 </DOCNO>
Connecting polymers to the quantum Hall plateau transition


  A mapping is developed between the quantum Hall plateau transition and
two-dimensional self-interacting lattice polymers. This mapping is exact in the
classical percolation limit of the plateau transition, and diffusive behavior
at the critical energy is shown to be related to the critical exponents of a
class of chiral polymers at the $\theta$-point. The exact critical exponents of
the chiral polymer model on the honeycomb lattice are found, verifying that
this model is in the same universality class as a previously solved model of
polymers on the Manhattan lattice. The mapping is obtained by averaging
analytically over the local random potentials in a previously studied lattice
model for the classical plateau transition. This average generates a weight on
chiral polymers associated with the classical localization length exponent $\nu
= 4/3$. We discuss the differences between the classical and quantum
transitions in the context of polymer models and use numerical results on
higher-moment scaling laws at the quantum transition to constrain possible
polymer descriptions. Some properties of the polymer models are verified by
transfer matrix and Monte Carlo studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98760 </DOCNO>
Inverse spectral problem for analytic plane domains I: Balian-Bloch


  We give a rigorous version of the classical Balian-Bloch trace formula, a
semiclassical expansion around a periodic reflecting ray of the (regularized)
resolvent of the Dirichlet Laplacian on a bounded smooth plane domain. It is
equivalent to the Poisson relation (or wave trace formula) between spectrum and
closed geodesics. We view it primarily as a computational device for explicitly
calculating wave trace invariants. Its effectiveness will be illustrated in
subsquent articles in the series in which concrete inverse spectral results are
proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81438 </DOCNO>
On the lattice construction of electroweak gauge theory


  Based on the Ginsparg-Wilson relation, a gauge invariant formulation of
electroweak SU(2)xU(1) gauge theory on the lattice is considered. If the
hypercharge gauge coupling is turned off in the vacuum sector of the U(1) gauge
fields, the theory consists of four left-handed SU(2) doublets and it is
possible, as in vector-like theories, to make the fermion measure defined
globally in all topological sectors of SU(2). We then try to incorporate U(1)
gauge field, following L\"uscher's reconstruction theorem. The global
integrability condition is proved for ``gauge loops'' in the space of the U(1)
gauge fields with arbitrary SU(2) gauge field fixed in the background. For
``non-gauge loops'', however, the proof is given so far only for the classical
SU(2) instanton backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2307 </DOCNO>
Comment on ''Photonic Band Gaps: Noncommuting limit and the 'Acoustic


  This comment concerns the homogenization of 2D dielectric photonic crystals,
and the fact that the limits $k\to 0$ ($k$ is the Bloch vector) and $\epsilon
\to +\infty $ do not commute for $p$-polarized waves

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76972 </DOCNO>
Properties of Cosmic Ray Interactions at PeV Energies


  An analysis has been made of the present situation with the high energy
hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interaction models. As is already known
there are inconsistencies in the interpretation of experimental data on the
primary mass composition, which appear when different EAS components are used
for the analyses, even for the same experiment. In the absence of obvious
experimental defects, there is a clear need for an improvement to the existing
models; we argue that the most promising way is to introduce two effects which
should be present in nucleus-nucleus collisions and have not been allowed for
before. These are: a few percent energy transfer into the EAS electromagnetic
component due to electron-positron pair production or electromagnetic radiation
of quark-gluon plasma and a small slow-down of the cascading process in its
initial stages associated with the extended lifetime of excited nuclear
fragments. The latter process displaces the shower maximum deeper into the
atmosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73098 </DOCNO>
On the Neutrino Flux from Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Observations imply that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced by the
dissipation of the kinetic energy of a highly relativistic fireball.
Photo-meson interactions of protons with gamma-rays within the fireball
dissipation region are expected to convert a significant fraction of fireball
energy to >10^14 eV neutrinos. We present an analysis of the internal shock
model of GRBs, where production of synchrotron photons and photo-meson
neutrinos are self-consistently calculated, and show that the fraction of
fireball energy converted to high energy neutrinos is not sensitive to
uncertainties in fireball model parameters, such as the expansion Lorentz
factor and characteristic variability time. This is due in part to the
constraints imposed on fireball parameters by observed GRB characteristics, and
in part to the fact that for parameter values for which the photo-meson optical
depth is high (implying high proton energy loss to pion production) neutrino
production is suppressed by pion and muon synchrotron losses. The neutrino flux
is therefore expected to be correlated mainly with the observed gamma-ray flux.
The time averaged neutrino intensity predicted by the model, ~10^-8.5 GeV/cm^2
s sr, is consistent with the flux predicted by the assumption that GRBs are the
sources of >10^19 eV cosmic-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124260 </DOCNO>
The Infrared Evolution of Sakurai's Object


  Infrared spectroscopy and photometry have revealed the remarkable evolution
of Sakurai's Object from 1996 to the present. A cooling, carbon-rich
photospheric spectrum was observable from 1996 to 1998. Considerable changes
occured in 1998 as the continuum reddened due to absorption and emission by
newly formed dust located outside the photosphere. In addition, a strong and
broad helium 1.083 $\mu$m P Cygni line developed, signifying the acceleration
of an outer envelope of material to speeds as high as 1000 km s$^{-1}$. At the
same time the photosphere of the central star remained quiescent. By 1999 the
photosphere was virtually completely obscured by the dust and the helium
emission line was the only detectable spectral feature remaining in the 1-5
$\mu$m band. In 2000 emission by dust has become even more dominant, as the
envelope continues to expand and cool and the helium line weakens.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74245 </DOCNO>
Bulk effects in the cosmological dynamics of brane-world scenarios


  In this paper we deal with the cosmological dynamics of Randall-Sundrum
brane-world type scenarios in which the five-dimensional Weyl tensor has a
non-vanishing projection onto the three-brane where matter fields are confined.
Using dynamical systems techniques, we study how the state space of
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) and Bianchi type I cosmological
models is affected by the bulk Weyl tensor, focusing in the differences that
appear with respect to general relativity and also Randall-Sundrum cosmological
scenarios without the Weyl tensor contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127695 </DOCNO>
Local Group velocity versus gravity: the coherence function


  In maximum-likelihood analyses of the Local Group (LG) acceleration, the
object describing nonlinear effects is the coherence function (CF), i.e. the
cross-correlation coefficient of the Fourier modes of the velocity and gravity
fields. We study the CF both analytically, using perturbation theory, and
numerically, using a hydrodynamic code. The dependence of the function on
Omega_m and the shape of the power spectrum is very weak. The only cosmological
parameter that the CF is strongly sensitive to is the normalization sigma_8 of
the underlying density field. Perturbative approximation for the function turns
out to be accurate as long as sigma_8 is smaller than about 0.3. For higher
normalizations we provide an analytical fit for the CF as a function of sigma_8
and the wavevector. The characteristic decoherence scale which our formula
predicts is an order of magnitude smaller than that determined by Strauss et
al. This implies that present likelihood constraints on cosmological parameters
from analyses of the LG acceleration are significantly tighter than hitherto
reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149128 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Multi-Solitons in 2+1 Dimensions


  The study of noncommutative solitons is greatly facilitated if the field
equations are integrable, i.e. result from a linear system. For the example of
a modified but integrable $U(n)$ sigma model in $2{+}1$ dimensions we employ
the dressing method to construct explicit multi-soliton configurations on
noncommutative~$\R^{2,1}$. These solutions, abelian and nonabelian, feature
exact time-dependence for any value of the noncommutativity parameter~$\th$ and
describe various lumps of finite energy in relative motion. We discuss their
scattering properties and prove asymptotic factorization for large times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74945 </DOCNO>
Confining strings in SU(N) gauge theories


  We calculate the string tensions of $k$-strings in SU($N$) gauge theories in
both 3 and 4 dimensions. In D=3+1, we find that the ratio of the $k=2$ string
tension to the $k = 1$ fundamental string tension is consistent, at the $2
\sigma$ level, with both the M(-theory)QCD-inspired conjecture and with
`Casimir scaling'. In D=2+1 we see a definite deviation from the MQCD formula,
as well as a much smaller but still significant deviation from Casimir scaling.
We find that in both D=2+1 and D=3+1 the high temperature spatial $k$-string
tensions also satisfy approximate Casimir scaling. We point out that
approximate Casimir scaling arises naturally if the cross-section of the flux
tube is nearly independent of the flux carried, and that this will occur in an
effective dual superconducting description, if we are in the deep-London limit.
We estimate, numerically, the intrinsic width of $k$-strings in D=2+1 and
indeed find little variation with $k$. In addition to the stable $k$-strings we
investigate some ofthe unstable strings, finding in D=2+1 that they satisfy
(approximate) Casimir scaling. We also investigate the basic assumption that
confining flux tubes are described by an effective string theory at large
distances. We estimate the coefficient of the universal L\"uscher correction
from periodic strings that are longer than 1 fermi, and find $c_L=0.98(4)$ in
D=3+1 and $c_L=0.558(19)$ in D=2+1. These values are within $2 \sigma$ of the
simple bosonic string values and are inconsistent with other simple effective
string theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5787 </DOCNO>
Linewidth of single photon transitions in Mn$_{12}$-acetate


  We use time-domain terahertz spectroscopy to measure the position and
linewidth of single photon transitions in Mn$_{12}$-acetate. This linewidth is
compared to the linewidth measured in tunneling experiments. We conclude that
local magnetic fields (due to dipole or hyperfine interactions) cannot be
responsible for the observed linewidth, and suggest that the linewidth is due
to variations in the anisotropy constants for different clusters. We also
calculate a lower limit on the dipole field distribution that would be expected
due to random orientations of clusters and find that collective effects must
narrow this distribution in tunneling measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5937 </DOCNO>
Conserving approximations vs Two-Particle Self-Consistent Approach


  The conserving approximation scheme to many-body problems was developed by
Kadanoff and Baym using the functional-derivative approach. Another approach
for the Hubbard model also satisfies conservation laws, but in addition it
satisfies the Pauli principle and a number of sum rules. A concise formal
derivation of that approach, using functional derivatives, is given in this
conference paper to highlight formal analogies and differences with conserving
approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113751 </DOCNO>
Forces at the Sea Bed using a Finite Element Solution of the Mild Slope


  An algorithm to compute forces at the sea bed from a finite element solution
to the mild slope wave equation is devised in this work. The algorithm is best
considered as consisting of two logical parts: The first is concerned with the
computation of the derivatives to a finite element solution, given the
associated mesh; the second is a bi-quadratic least squares fit which serves to
model the sea bed locally in the vicinity of a node. The force at the sea bed
can be quantified in terms of either lift and drag, the likes of Stokes'
formula or traction. While the latter quantity is the most desireable, the
direct computation of tractions at the sea bed is controversial in the context
of the mild slope wave equation as a result of the irrotationality implied by
the use of potentials. This work ultimately envisages a ``Monte Carlo''
approach using wave induced forces to elucidate presently known heavy mineral
placer deposits and, consequently, to predict the existance of other deposits
which remain as yet undiscovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73774 </DOCNO>
Extrapolating Structure Functions to Very Small x


  We review small $x$ contributions to perturbative evolution equations for
parton distributions, and their resummation. We emphasize in particular the
resummation technique recently developed in order to deal with the apparent
instability of naive small $x$ evolution kernels and understand the empirical
sucess of fixed--order perturbation theory. We give predictions for the gluon
distribution and the structure functions F_2(x,Q^2) and F_L(x,Q^2) in an
extended kinematic region, such as would be relevant for THERA or LEP+LHC ep
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4118 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Dynamics of a Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We present a variational solution of the Langevin field equation describing
the nonequilibrium dynamics of a harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate.
If the thermal cloud remains in equilibrium at all times, we find that the
equation of motions for the parameters in our variational ansatz are equivalent
to the Langevin equations describing the motion of a massive Brownian particle
in an external potential. Moreover, these equations are coupled to a stochastic
rate equation for the number of atoms in the condensate. As applications of our
approach, we have calculated the collisional damping rates and frequencies of
the low-lying collective excitations of a condensate with repulsive
interactions, and have obtained a description of the growth and subsequent
collapse of a condensate with attractive interactions. We have found a good
agreement with the available experimental results in both cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1409 </DOCNO>
Competition Between Exchange and Anisotropy in a Pyrochlore Ferromagnet


  The Ising-like spin ice model, with a macroscopically degenerate ground
state, has been shown to be approximated by several real materials. Here we
investigate a model related to spin ice, in which the Ising spins are replaced
by classical Heisenberg spins. These populate a cubic pyrochlore lattice and
are coupled to nearest neighbours by a ferromagnetic exchange term J and to the
local <1,1,1> axes by a single-ion anisotropy term D. The near neighbour spin
ice model corresponds to the case D/J infinite. For finite D/J we find that the
macroscopic degeneracy of spin ice is broken and the ground state is
magnetically ordered into a four-sublattice structure. The transition to this
state is first-order for D/J > 5 and second-order for D/J < 5 with the two
regions separated by a tricritical point. We investigate the magnetic phase
diagram with an applied field along [1,0,0] and show that it can be considered
analogous to that of a ferroelectric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95996 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic stability of traveling wave solutions for perturbations with


  For a class of scalar partial differential equations that incorporate
convection, diffusion, and possibly dispersion in one space and one time
dimension, the stability of traveling wave solutions is investigated. If the
initial perturbation of the traveling wave profile decays at an algebraic rate,
then the solution is shown to converge to a shifted wave profile at a
corresponding temporal algebraic rate, and optimal intermediate results that
combine temporal and spatial decay are obtained. The proofs are based on a
general interpolation principle which says that algebraic decay results of this
form always follow if exponential temporal decay holds for perturbation with
exponential spatial decay and the wave profile is stable for general
perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99151 </DOCNO>
An Improved Bound on the VC-Dimension of Neural Networks with Polynomial


  In this note, we derive an improved upper bound for the VC-dimension of
neural networks with polynomial activation functions. This improved bound is
based on a result of Rojas on the number of connected components of a
semi-algebraic set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84058 </DOCNO>
A Logic Programming Approach to Knowledge-State Planning: Semantics and


  We propose a new declarative planning language, called K, which is based on
principles and methods of logic programming. In this language, transitions
between states of knowledge can be described, rather than transitions between
completely described states of the world, which makes the language well-suited
for planning under incomplete knowledge. Furthermore, it enables the use of
default principles in the planning process by supporting negation as failure.
Nonetheless, K also supports the representation of transitions between states
of the world (i.e., states of complete knowledge) as a special case, which
shows that the language is very flexible. As we demonstrate on particular
examples, the use of knowledge states may allow for a natural and compact
problem representation. We then provide a thorough analysis of the
computational complexity of K, and consider different planning problems,
including standard planning and secure planning (also known as conformant
planning) problems. We show that these problems have different complexities
under various restrictions, ranging from NP to NEXPTIME in the propositional
case. Our results form the theoretical basis for the DLV^K system, which
implements the language K on top of the DLV logic programming system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148374 </DOCNO>
Comments on supergravity dual of pure N=1 Super Yang Mills theory with


  Maldacena and Nunez [hep-th/0008001] identified a gravity solution describing
pure N=1 Yang-Mills (YM) in the IR. Their (smooth) supergravity solution
exhibits confinement and the U(1)_R chiral symmetry breaking of the dual YM
theory, while the singular solution corresponds to the gauge theory phase with
unbroken U(1)_R chiral symmetry. In this paper we discuss supersymmetric type
IIB compactifications on resolved conifolds with torsion. We rederive singular
background of [hep-th/0008001] directly from the supersymmetry conditions. This
solution is the relevant starting point to study non-BPS backgrounds dual to
the high temperature phase of pure YM. We construct the simplest black hole
solution in this background. We argue that it has a regular Schwarzschild
horizon and provides a resolution of the IR singularity of the chirally
symmetric extremal solution as suggested in [hep-th/0011146].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83774 </DOCNO>
Classes for Fast Maximum Entropy Training


  Maximum entropy models are considered by many to be one of the most promising
avenues of language modeling research. Unfortunately, long training times make
maximum entropy research difficult. We present a novel speedup technique: we
change the form of the model to use classes. Our speedup works by creating two
maximum entropy models, the first of which predicts the class of each word, and
the second of which predicts the word itself. This factoring of the model leads
to fewer non-zero indicator functions, and faster normalization, achieving
speedups of up to a factor of 35 over one of the best previous techniques. It
also results in typically slightly lower perplexities. The same trick can be
used to speed training of other machine learning techniques, e.g. neural
networks, applied to any problem with a large number of outputs, such as
language modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3710 </DOCNO>
Random Fibonacci Sequences


  Solutions to the random Fibonacci recurrence x_{n+1}=x_{n} + or - Bx_{n-1}
decrease (increase) exponentially, x_{n} = exp(lambda n), for sufficiently
small (large) B. In the limits B --> 0 and B --> infinity, we expand the
Lyapunov exponent lambda(B) in powers of B and B^{-1}, respectively. For the
classical case of $\beta=1$ we obtain exact non-perturbative results. In
particular, an invariant measure associated with Ricatti variable
r_n=x_{n+1}/x_{n} is shown to exhibit plateaux around all rational.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96529 </DOCNO>
Solutions of the WDVV Equations and Integrable Hierarchies of KP type


  We show that reductions of KP hierarchies related to the loop algebra of
$SL_n$ with homogeneous gradation give solutions of the Darboux-Egoroff system
of PDE's. Using explicit dressing matrices of the Riemann-Hilbert problem
generalized to include a set of commuting additional symmetries, we construct
solutions of the Witten--Dijkgraaf--E. Verlinde--H. Verlinde equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126214 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Fields in Star-Forming Molecular Clouds II. The Depolarization


  Polarized 850 micron thermal emission data of the region OMC-3 in the Orion A
molecular cloud are presented. These data, taken in 1998 with the SCUBA
polarimeter mounted on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, have been re-reduced
using improved software. The polarization pattern is not suggestive of a
uniform field structure local to OMC-3, nor does the orientation of the vectors
align with existing polarimetry maps of the OMC-1 core 20' to the south. The
depolarization toward high intensity regions cannot be explained by uniform
field geometry except in the presence of changing grain structure, which is
most likely to occur in regions of high density or temperature (i.e. the
embedded cores). The depolarization in fact occurs along the length of the
filamentary structure of OMC-3 and is not limited to the vicinity of the bright
cores. Such a polarization pattern is predicted by helical field models for
filamentary clouds. We present three scenarios to explain the observed
polarization pattern of OMC-3 in terms of a helical field geometry. Qualitative
models incorporating a helical field geometry are presented for two cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72460 </DOCNO>
Pion-Pion Phase-Shifts and the Value of Quark-Antiquark Condensate in


  We use low energy pion-pion phase-shifts in order to make distinction between
the alternatives for the value of the quark-antiquark condensate $B_0$ in the
chiral limit. We will consider the amplitude up to and including ${\cal
O}(p^4)$ contributions within the Standard and Generalized Chiral Perturbation
Theory frameworks. They are unitarized by means of Pad\'e approximants in order
to fit experimental phase-shifts in the resonance region. As the best fits
correspond to $\alpha = \beta = 1$, we conclude that pion-pion phase-shift
analysis favors the standard ChPT scenario, which assumes just one, large
leading order parameter $<\bar q q >_{_0}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75944 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear evolution in high-density QCD


  We consider deeply inelastic scattering at very high energies in the
saturation regime. The emerging picture corresponds to the propagation of a
dipole, the quark-antiquark pair, in a shock wave color field of the target. We
use the fomalism of Wilson lines to study the evolution of dipole densities in
energy logarithms. Our analysis results into an equation in multicolor limit
which sums leading logs but keeps the nonlinearities up to cubic order in
densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74640 </DOCNO>
Brane-skyrmions and wrapped states


  In the context of a brane world and including an induced curvature term in
the brane action, we obtain the effective lagrangian for the Goldstone bosons
(branons) associated with the spontaneous breaking of the translational
invariance in the bulk. In addition to the branons, this effective action has
Skyrmion-like solitonic states which can be understood as holes in the brane.
We study their main properties such as mass and size, the Skyrmion-branon
interaction and their possible fermionic quantization. We also consider states
where the brane is wrapped around the extra dimensions and their relation with
the brane-skyrmions. Finally, we extend our results to higher-dimensional
branes, such as those appearing in M-theory, where brane-skyrmions could also
be present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124772 </DOCNO>
Resonance accretion on the magnetized rotating neutron star


  It is suggested that the accretion disk excites the eigen modes of Alfven
oscillations of the magnetic field tubes the ends of which are frozen to the
neutron star surface. The resonance takes place when the eigen Alfven frequency
coincides with the difference of the Keplerian disk rotation frequency and the
frequency of rotation of a neutron star. This model explains the two narrow
lines of QPO oscillations in kHz band and permits to calculate the masses and
radii of the neutron stars in X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126643 </DOCNO>
SSC of MAXI experiment


  Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) on the International Space Station
(ISS) has two kinds of X-ray detectors: the Gas Slit Camera (GSC) and the
Solid-state Slit Camera (SSC). SSC is an X-ray CCD array, consisting of 16
chips, which has the best energy resolution as an X-ray all-sky monitor in the
energy band of 0.5 to 10 keV. Each chip consists of 1024x1024 pixels with a
pixel size of 24$\mu$m, thus the total area is ~200 cm^2. We have developed an
engineering model of SSC, i.e., CCD chips, electronics, the software and so on,
and have constructed the calibration system. We here report the current status
of the development and the calibration of SSC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74249 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium Spectroscopy and Perturbative QCD: A New Perspective


  We report new aspects of the recent theoretical progress in heavy quarkonium
physics. (1) Contrary to wide beliefs, the gross structure of the bottomonium
spectrum is described well by the non-relativistic boundstate theory based on
perturbative QCD. (2) This leads to a new physical picture of the bottomonium
states: the boundstate mass is composed mainly of the self-energies of b and
bbar accumulated inside the boundstate. (3) A connection to the conventional
phenomenological potential-model approaches is provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126757 </DOCNO>
High Energy Phenomena in Blazars


  Advances in the capabilities of X-ray, gamma-ray and TeV telescopes have
brought new information on the physics of relativistic jets, which are
responsible for the blazar "phenomenon". In particular the broad band
sensitivity of the BeppoSAX satellite, extending up to 100 KeV has allowed
unprecedented studies of their hard X-ray spectra. I summarize here some basic
results and present a unified view of the blazar population, whereby all
sources contain essentially similar jets despite diversities in other
properties, like the presence or absence of emission lines in their optical
spectra. Blazars with emission lines are of particular interest in that it is
possible to estimate both the luminosity of the jet and the luminosity of the
accretion disk. Implications for the origin of the power carried by
relativistic jets, possibly involving rapidly spinning supermassive black holes
are discussed. We suggest that emission line blazars are accreting at near
critical rates, while BL lacs, where emission lines are weak or absent are
highly subcritical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74376 </DOCNO>
The Character of Goldstone Bosons


  A succinct review of the QCD gap equation and dynamical chiral symmetry
breaking; their connection with Bethe-Salpeter equations and resolving the
dichotomous nature of the pion; the calculation of the pion's valence-quark
distribution; and first results for the pi-exchange contribution to the gamma N
-> omega N cross-section, which is important in the search for missing nucleon
resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 276 </DOCNO>
Inherent Inhomogeneities in Tunneling Spectra of BSCCO Crystals in the


  Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy on cleaved BSCCO(2212) single crystals reveal
inhomogeneities on length-scales of $\sim$30 $\AA$. While most of the surface
yields spectra consistent with a d-wave superconductor, small regions show a
doubly gapped structure with both gaps lacking coherence peaks and the larger
gap having a size typical of the respective pseudo-gap for the same sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179332 </DOCNO>
Self consistent propagation of hyperons and antikaons in nuclear matter


  We evaluate the antikaon spectral density in isospin symmetric nuclear
matter. The in-medium antikaon-nucleon scattering process and the antikaon
propagation is treated in a self consistent and relativistic manner where a
maximally scheme-independent formulation is derived by performing a partial
density resummation in terms of the free-space antikaon-nucleon scattering
amplitudes. The latter amplitudes are taken from a covariant and chiral
coupled-channel SU(3) approach which includes s-, p- and d-waves
systematically. Particular care is taken on the proper evaluation of the
in-medium mixing of the partial waves. Our analysis establishes a rich
structure of the antikaon spectral function with considerable strength at small
energies. At nuclear saturation density we predict attractive mass shifts for
the $\Lambda(1405)$, $\Sigma (1385)$ and $\Lambda(1520)$ of about 60 MeV, 60
MeV and 100 MeV respectively. The hyperon states are found to exhibit at the
same time an increased decay width of about 120 MeV for the s-wave
$\Lambda(1405)$, 70 MeV for the p-wave $\Sigma (1385)$ and 90 MeV for the
d-wave $\Lambda(1520)$ resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113705 </DOCNO>
Gap Size Effects for the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in a Hele-Shaw


  We report experimental results for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability between
two immiscible fluids in parallel flow in a Hele-Shaw cell. We focus our
interest on the influence of the gap size between the walls on the instability
characteristics. Experimental results show that the instability threshold, the
critical wavelength, the phase velocity and the spatial growth rate depend on
this gap size. These results are compared to both the previous two-dimensional
analysis of Gondret and Rabaud (1997) and the three-dimensional analysis
recently derived by Plourabou=E9 and Hinch (2001), showing that the agreement
is still not complete especially when gap size increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126276 </DOCNO>
Bulge Globular Clusters in Spiral Galaxies


  There is now strong evidence that the metal-rich globular clusters (GC) near
the center of our Galaxy are associated with the Galactic bulge rather than the
disk as previously thought. Here we extend the concept of bulge GCs to the GC
systems of nearby spiral galaxies. In particular, the kinematic and metallicity
properties of the GC systems favor a bulge rather than a disk origin. The
number of metal-rich GCs normalized by the bulge luminosity is roughly constant
(i.e. bulge S_N ~ 1) in nearby spirals, and this value is similar to that for
field ellipticals when only the red (metal--rich) GCs are considered. We argue
that the metallicity distributions of GCs in spiral and elliptical galaxies are
remarkably similar, and that they obey the same correlation of mean GC
metallicity with host galaxy mass. We further suggest that the metal-rich GCs
in spirals are the direct analogs of the red GCs seen in ellipticals. The
formation of a bulge/spheroidal stellar system is accompanied by the formation
of metal-rich GCs. The similarities between GC systems in spiral and elliptical
galaxies appear to be greater than the differences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95933 </DOCNO>
Third Boundary-Value Problem of the Heat Conduction Equation for a


  We obtained a new representation of a solution of the heat conduction
equation with boundary condition of the third kind for a layer. The result is
presented as a superposition of fundamental solutions for an unbounded system
with variable coefficients, the explicit form of which is given. We consider
the well-known problem of the evolution of the temperature field initially
uniformly distributed in a layer. The distribution of the temperature field is
represented in terms of the obtained functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1611 </DOCNO>
The low-lying excitations of polydiacetylene


  The Pariser-Parr-Pople Hamiltonian is used to calculate and identify the
nature of the low-lying vertical transition energies of polydiacetylene. The
model is solved using the density matrix renormalisation group method for a
fixed acetylenic geometry for chains of up to 102 atoms. The non-linear optical
properties of polydiacetylene are considered, which are determined by the
third-order susceptibility. The experimental 1Bu data of Giesa and Schultz are
used as the geometric model for the calculation. For short chains, the
calculated E(1Bu) agrees with the experimental value, within solvation effects
(ca. 0.3 eV). The charge gap is used to characterise bound and unbound states.
The nBu is above the charge gap and hence a continuum state; the 1Bu, 2Ag and
mAg are not and hence are bound excitons. For large chain lengths, the nBu
tends towards the charge gap as expected, strongly suggesting that the nBu is
the conduction band edge. The conduction band edge for PDA is agreed in the
literature to be ca. 3.0 eV. Accounting for the strong polarisation effects of
the medium and polaron formation gives our calculated E(nBu) ca. 3.6 eV, with
an exciton binding energy of ca. 1.0 eV. The 2Ag state is found to be above the
1Bu, which does not agree with relaxed transition experimental data. However,
this could be resolved by including explicit lattice relaxation in the Pariser-
Parr-Pople-Peierls model. Particle-hole separation data further suggest that
the 1Bu, 2Ag and mAg are bound excitons, and that the nBu is an unbound
exciton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73265 </DOCNO>
The Giessen Model - Vector Meson Production on the Nucleon in a Coupled


  In this paper we present the extension of our unitary gauge invariant
effective Lagrangian model to vector meson nucleon final states. This model
already included the final states $\gamma N$, $\pi N$, $2\pi N$, $\eta N$, $K
\Lambda$, and $K \Sigma$ and was developed for a simultaneous analysis of all
avaible experimental data for photon- and pion-induced reactions on the
nucleon. We discuss how the extension to vector meson nucleon final states is
realized, outline a generalization of the standard partial wave formalism, that
is applicable to any meson-/photon-baryon reaction, and show first results for
$\omega N$ production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128591 </DOCNO>
Interaction of Radio Lobes with the Hot Intracluster Medium: Driving


  The radio lobes of Hydra A lie within cavities surrounded by a rim of
enhanced X-ray emission in the intracluster gas. Although the bright rim
appears cooler than the surrounding gas, existing Chandra data do not exclude
the possibility that the rim is produced by a weak shock. A temperature map
shows that cool gas extends out along the radio axis of Hydra A. The age of the
radio source and equipartition pressure of the radio lobe argue against a
shock, and comparison with similar structure in the Perseus Cluster also
suggests that the rim is cool. We show that the cool bright rim cannot be the
result of shock induced cooling, or due to the effect of magnetic fields in
shocks. The most likely source of low entropy (cool) gas is entrainment by the
rising cavity. This requires some means of communicating the bouyant force on
the cavity to the surrounding gas. The magnetic field required to produce the
Faraday rotation in Hydra A has the appropriate properties for this, if the
Faraday screen is mainly in this bright rim. In Hydra A, the mass outflow due
to the rising cavities could be sufficient to balance cooling driven inflow, so
preventing the build up of low entropy gas in the cluster core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179612 </DOCNO>
Vlasov calculations of nuclear ground states


  We describe some properties of nuclear ground states using a microscopic
Vlasov approach. We propose a new method to find the energy minimum of the
system enforcing the fermionic nature of the system. Calculations are performed
for two different parametrization of the mean field: a simple momentum
independent Skyrme potential and a momentum dependent one as proposed by Gale,
Bertsch and Das Gupta. We show that the binding energies and radii of nuclei
from $^{16}$O to $^{208}$Pb are reasonably reproduced by opportunely tuning the
surface term. We also made some calculations for neutron rich/poor nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124289 </DOCNO>
The optical counterpart to SAX J1808.4-3658: observations in quiescence


  We report the first extensive set of optical photometric observations of the
counterpart to SAX J1808.4-3658 (V4580 Sagittarius) in quiescence. The source
was detected at V~21, 5 magnitudes fainter than at the peak of its 1998
outburst. However, a comparable ~6% semi-amplitude 2hr modulation of its flux
is revealed. This has the same phasing and approximately sinusoidal modulation
as seen during outburst and with photometric minimum when the pulsar is behind
the companion. The lack of a double-humped morphology rules out an ellipsoidal
origin, implying that the bulk of the optical flux does not arise from the
companion. Moreover, applying crude modelling to the disc and X-ray irradiated
face of the donor shows that the internal energy release of a remnant disc
(with mass transfer driven by gravitational radiation) is sufficient to explain
most of the optical emission, and with the modulation due to the varying
contribution of the heated star's face. We note that this model is also
consistent with the much lower X-ray to optical flux ratio in quiescence versus
outburst, and with the phasing of the optical modulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74444 </DOCNO>
The Mysterious Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Ray Clustering


  We examine the correlation between compact radio quasars (redshifts in the
range $z = 0.3 - 2.2$) and the arrival direction of ultrahigh energy cosmic
rays forming clusters. Our Monte Carlo simulation reveals a statistically
significant correlation on the AGASA sample: the chance probability of this
effect being less than 1%. The implications of this result on the origin of
ultrahigh energy cosmic rays are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179264 </DOCNO>
Second Order Dissipative Fluid Dynamics for Ultra-Relativistic Nuclear


  The M\"uller-Israel-Stewart second order theory of relativistic imperfect
fluids based on Grad's moment method is used to study the expansion of hot
matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The temperature
evolution is investigated in the framework of the Bjorken boost-invariant
scaling limit. The results of these second-order theories are compared to those
of first-order theories due to Eckart and to Landau and Lifshitz and those of
zeroth order (perfect fluid) due to Euler.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168612 </DOCNO>
Dissipative quantum theory: Implications for quantum entanglement


  Three inter-related topics are discussed here. One, the Lindblad dynamics of
quantum dissipative systems; two, quantum entanglement in composite systems and
its quantification based on the Tsallis entropy; and three, robustness of
entanglement under dissipation. After a brief review of the Lindblad theory of
quantum dissipative systems and the idea of quantum entanglement in composite
quantum systems illustrated by describing the three particle systems, the
behavior of entanglement under the influence of dissipative processes is
discussed. These issues are of importance in the discussion of quantum
nanometric systems of current research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97718 </DOCNO>
Simple completable contractions of nilpotent Lie algebras


  We study a certain class of non-maximal rank contractions of the nilpotent
Lie algebra $\frak{g}_{m}$ and show that these contractions are completable Lie
algebras. As a consequence a family of solvable complete Lie algebras of
non-maximal rank is given in arbitrary dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76034 </DOCNO>
Gauge-Independent Off-Shell Fermion Self-Energies at Two Loops: The


  We use the pinch technique formalism to construct the gauge-independent
off-shell two-loop fermion self-energy, both for Abelian (QED) and non-Abelian
(QCD) gauge theories. The new key observation is that all contributions
originating from the longitudinal parts of gauge boson propagators, by virtue
of the elementary tree-level Ward identities they trigger, give rise to
effective vertices, which do not exist in the original Lagrangian; all such
vertices cancel diagrammatically inside physical quantities, such as current
correlation functions or S-matrix elements. We present two different, but
complementary derivations: First, we explicitly track down the aforementioned
cancellations inside two-loop diagrams, resorting to nothing more than basic
algebraic manipulations. Second, we present an absorptive derivation,
exploiting the unitarity of the S-matrix, and the Ward identities imposed on
tree-level and one-loop physical amplitudes by gauge invariance, in the case of
QED, or by the underlying Becchi-Rouet-Stora symmetry, in the case of QCD. The
propagator-like sub-amplitude defined by means of this latter construction
corresponds precisely to the imaginary parts of the effective self-energy
obtained in the former case; the real part may be obtained from a (twice
subtracted) dispersion relation. As in the one-loop case, the final two-loop
fermion self-energy constructed using either method coincides with the
conventional fermion self-energy computed in the Feynman gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127258 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Burst in a Molecular Cloud: Destruction of Dust and H2, and


  A gamma ray burst with strong optical-UV emission occuring in a molecular
cloud will photodissociate H2, photoionize H2, H, and He, and destroy dust
grains. We model these processes, including time-dependent radiative transfer
in both continuum radiation and the resonance lines of H2. The UV will pump H2
into vibrationally-excited levels. We calculate the absorption spectrum
imprinted on radiation from the GRB at various times. In addition to the strong
absorption lines of H2(v=0) at lambda < 1110 Angstrom, due to cold ambient gas,
we find that radiation reaching us from the GRB and its afterglow will show
strong absorption lines due to vibrationally-excited H2 at 1110 < lambda < 1705
Angstrom. These absorption lines, if observed, would provide unequivocal
evidence for association of the GRB with molecular gas. Low-resolution spectra
will exhibit conspicuous features due to clustering of individual lines; a list
of the strongest such absorption features is given for spectral resolution R
approx 350 characteristic of the grism on the Swift UV-Optical Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72908 </DOCNO>
Strong constraint on large extra dimensions from cosmology


  We have studied cosmological constraints on the number and radii of possible
large extra dimensions. If such dimensions exist, Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes are
copiously produced at high temperatures in the early universe, and can
potentially lead to unacceptable cosmological effects. We show that during
reheating, large numbers of KK modes are produced. These modes are not diluted
completely by the entropy production during reheating because they are produced
non-relativistically. This means that the modes produced during reheating can
easily be the dominant component. For instance, for two extra dimensions the
bound on their radii from considering only the thermally produced KK modes is R
< 1.1 x 10^-4 mm. If the modes produced during reheating are also accounted
for, the bound is strengthened to R < 2.2 x 10^-5 mm. This bound is stronger
than all other known astrophysical or laboratory limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148691 </DOCNO>
Tenacious Domain Walls in Supersymmetric QCD


  We study the structure of the tenacious (existing for all values of masses of
the matter fields) BPS domain walls interpolating between different chirally
asymmetric vacua in supersymmetric QCD in the limit of large masses.
 We show that the wall consists in this case of three layers: two outer layers
form a ``coat'' with the characteristic size determined by \Lambda_{SYM} and
there is also the core with width of order of inverse mass. The core always
carries a significant fraction of the total wall energy. This fraction depends
on $N_f$ and on the ``windings'' of the matter fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169063 </DOCNO>
Coherent Superposition States as Quantum Rulers


  We explore the sensitivity of an interferometer based on a quantum circuit
for coherent states. We show that its sensitivity is at the Heisenberg limit.
Moreover we show that this arrangement can measure very small length intervals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6288 </DOCNO>
Competition between spin exchange and correlated hopping


  The ground-state phase diagram is numerically studied for an electronic model
consisting of the spin exchange term (J) and the correlated hopping term (t_3:
the three-site term). This model has no single-particle hopping and the ratio
of the two terms is controlled by a parameter \alpha \equiv 4 t_3 / J. The case
of \alpha=1 corresponds to complete suppression of single-particle hopping in
the strong-coupling limit of the Hubbard model. In one dimension, phase
separation takes place below a critical value \alpha_c = 0.36-0.63 which
depends on the electron density. Spin gap opens in the whole region except the
phase-separated one. For \alpha \gsim 1.2 and low hole densities,
charge-density-wave correlations are the most dominant, whereas singlet-pairing
correlations are the most dominant in the remaining region. The possibility of
superconductivity in the two-dimensional case is also discussed, based on
equal-time pairing correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76602 </DOCNO>
Unification of Dark Matter and Dark Energy: the Inhomogeneous Chaplygin


  We extend the world model of Kamenshchik et al. to large perturbations by
formulating a Zeldovich-like approximation. We sketch how this model unifies
dark matter with dark energy in a geometric setting reminiscent of M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72357 </DOCNO>
Axinos as Dark Matter


  Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model that incorporate the axion
solution to the strong CP problem necessarily contain also the axino, the
fermionic partner of the axion. In contrast to the neutralino and the
gravitino, the axino mass is generically not of the order of the
supersymmetry-breaking scale and can be much smaller. The axino is therefore an
intriguing candidate for a stable superpartner. In a previous Letter [1] it was
shown that axinos are a natural candidate for cold dark matter in the Universe
when they are generated non-thermally through out-of-equilibrium neutralino
decays. Here, we extend the study of non-thermal production and include a
competing thermal production mechanism through scatterings and decays of
particles in the plasma. We identify axino masses in the range of tens of MeV
to several GeV (depending on the scenario) as corresponding to cold axino
relics if the reheating temperature $\treh$ is less than about
$5\times10^4\gev$. At higher $\treh$ and lower mass, axinos could constitute
warm dark matter. In the scenario with axinos as relics, the gravitino problem
finds a natural solution. The lightest superpartner of the Standard Model
spectrum remains effectively stable in high-energy detectors but may be either
neutral or charged. The usual highly restrictive constraint $\abundchi\lsim1$
on the relic abundance of the lightest neutralino becomes void.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128263 </DOCNO>
H alpha emitting galaxies and the star formation rate density at z~0.24


  We have carried out a survey searching for H alpha emitting galaxies at
z~0.24 using a narrow band filter tuned with the redshifted line. The total sky
area covered was 0.19 square degrees within the redshift range 0.228 to 0.255
in a set of four fields in the ELAIS-N1 zone. This corresponds to a volume of
9.8 10^3 Mpc^3 and a look-back time of 3.6 Gyr when H0=50 km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}
and q=0.5 are assumed. A total of 52 objects are selected as candidates for a
broad band limiting magnitude of I~22.9, plus 16 detected only in the narrow
band image for a narrow band limiting magnitude for object detection of 21.0.
The threshold detection corresponds to about 20 A equivalent width with an
uncertainty of ~ 10 AA. Point-like objects (15) were excluded from our analysis
using CLASS_STAR parameter from SExtractor}. The contamination from other
emission lines such as O[II] 3727, H beta and [OIII] 4959,5007 at redshifts
1.2, 0.66 and 0.61 respectively is estimated, and found to be negligible at the
flux limits of our sample. We find an extinction-corrected H alpha luminosity
density of 5.4 10^39 erg s^{-1} Mpc^{-3}. This uncertainty takes into account
the photometric and Poissonian errors only. Assuming a constant relation
between the H alpha luminosity and star formation rate, the SFR density in the
covered volume is 0.043 M_sun yr^{-1} Mpc^{-3}. This translates to 0.037 M_sun
yr^{-1} Mpc^{-3} when the total density is corrected for the AGN contribution
as estimated in the local Universe. This value is a factor ~4 higher than the
local SFR density. This result needs to be confirmed by future spectroscopic
follow-up observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85764 </DOCNO>
Light Cone Consistency in Bimetric General Relativity


  General relativity can be formally derived as a flat spacetime theory, but
the consistency of the resulting curved metric's light cone with the flat
metric's null cone has not been adequately considered. If the two are
inconsistent, then gravity is not just another field in flat spacetime after
all.
 Here we discuss recent progress in describing the conditions for consistency
and prospects for satisfying those conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3174 </DOCNO>
Hypersensitive transport in a phase model with multiplicative stimulus


  In a simple system with periodic symmetric potential, the phase model under
effect of strong multiplicative noise or periodic square wave, we found a giant
response, in the form of directed flux, to an ultrasmall dc signal. The
resulting flux demonstrates a bell-shaped dependence on multiplicative noise
correlation time and occurs even in the case of large (compared to the signal)
additive noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127044 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of the NGC 1275 System


  Sub-arcsecond images, taken in B, R, and H-Alpha filters, and area
spectroscopy obtained with the WIYN 3.5-m telescope provide the basis for an
investigation of the unusual structures in the stellar body and ionized gas in
and around the Perseus cluster central galaxy, NGC 1275. Our H-Alpha filter is
tuned to gas at the velocity of NGC 1275, revealing complex, probably
unresolved, small-scale features in the extended ionized gas, located up to
50/h kpc from NGC 1275. The mean H-Alpha surface brightness varies little along
the outer filaments; this, together with the complex excitation state
demonstrated by spectra, imply that the filaments are likely to be tubes, or
ribbons, of gas. The morphology, location and inferred physical parameters of
the gas in the filaments are consistent with a model whereby the filaments form
through compression of the intracluster gas by relativistic plasma emitted from
the active nucleus of NGC 1275. Imaging spectroscopy with the Densepak fiber
array on WIYN suggests partial rotational support of the inner component of low
velocity ionized gas. We confirm and extend evidence for features in the
stellar body of NGC 1275, and identify outer stellar regions containing very
blue, probably very young, star clusters. We interpret these as evidence for
recent accretion of a gas-rich system, with subsequent star formation. We
suggest that two main processes, which may be causally connected, are
responsible for the rich phenomenology of the NGC 1275 system -- NGC 1275
experienced a recent merger/interaction with a group of gas-rich galaxies, and
recent outflows from its AGN have compressed the intracluster gas, and perhaps
the gas in the infalling galaxies, to produce a complex web of filaments.
(Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86655 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing in spherically symmetric static spacetimes with


  In Schwarzschild spacetime the value $r=3m$ of the radius coordinate is
characterized by three different properties: (a) there is a ``light sphere'',
(b) there is ``centrifugal force reversal'', (c) it is the upper limiting
radius for a non-transparent Schwarschild source to act as a gravitational lens
that produces infinitely many images. In this paper we prove a theorem to the
effect that these three properties are intimately related in {\em any}
spherically symmetric static spacetime. We illustrate the general results with
some examples including black-hole spacetimes and Morris-Thorne wormholes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96746 </DOCNO>
Fast and Slow Blowup in the S^2 Sigma Model and (4+1)-Dimensional


  We study singularity formation in spherically symmetric solutions of the
charge-one and charge-two sector of the (2+1)-dimensional S^2 sigma-model and
the (4+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills model, near the adiabatic limit. These
equations are non-integrable, and so studies are performed numerically on
rotationally symmetric solutions using an iterative finite differencing scheme
that is numerically stable. We evaluate the accuracy of predictions made with
the geodesic approximation. We find that the geodesic approximation is
extremely accurate for the charge-two sigma-model and the Yang-Mills model,
both of which exhibit fast blowup. The charge-one sigma-model exhibits slow
blowup. There the geodesic approximation must be modified by applying an
infrared cutoff that depends on initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113573 </DOCNO>
The Inertial Polarization Principle: The Mechanism Underlying


  In this paper we put forward a mechanism in which imploding shock waves emit
electromagnetic radiation in the spectral region $\lambda_{0}\cong 2\pi
R_{0}.$, where R$_{0}$ is the radius of the shock by the time it is first
formed. The mechanism relies on three different pieces of Physics: Maxwell's
equations, the existence of corrugation instabilities of imploding shock waves
and, last but not least, the{\em Inertial Polarization Principle}. The
principle is extensively discussed: how it emerges from very elementary physics
and finds experimental support in shock waves propagating in water. The
spectrum of the emitted light is obtained and depends upon two free parameters,
the amplitude of the instabilities and the cut-off $% R_{\max}$, the shocks'
spatial extension. The spectral intensity is determined by the former, but its
shape turns out to have only a mild dependence on the latter, in the region of
physical interest. The matching with the observed spectrum $ $requires a fine
tuning of the perturbation amplitude $\epsilon \sim 10^{-14},${\em indicating a
quantum mechanical origin. Indeed, we support this conjecture with an order of
magnitude estimative. The Inertial Polarization Principle clues the resolution
of the noble gas puzzle in SL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98997 </DOCNO>
A remark on the matrix Airy function


  An integral representation for matrix Airy function is presented

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96614 </DOCNO>
Normal Coordinates and Primitive Elements in the Hopf Algebra of


  We introduce normal coordinates on the infinite dimensional group $G$
introduced by Connes and Kreimer in their analysis of the Hopf algebra of
rooted trees. We study the primitive elements of the algebra and show that they
are generated by a simple application of the inverse Poincar\'e lemma, given a
closed left invariant 1-form on $G$. For the special case of the ladder
primitives, we find a second description that relates them to the Hopf algebra
of functionals on power series with the usual product. Either approach shows
that the ladder primitives are given by the Schur polynomials. The relevance of
the lower central series of the dual Lie algebra in the process of
renormalization is also discussed, leading to a natural concept of
$k$-primitiveness, which is shown to be equivalent to the one already in the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83922 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic Self-Assembly of DNA Tiles and its Application to


  The early promises of DNA computing to deliver a massively parallel
architecture well-suited to computationally hard problems have so far been
largely unkept. Indeed, it is probably fair to say that only toy problems have
been addressed experimentally. Recent experimental development on algorithmic
self-assembly using DNA tiles seem to offer the most promising path toward a
potentially useful application of the DNA computing concept. In this paper, we
explore new geometries for algorithmic self-assembly, departing from those
previously described in the literature. This enables us to carry out
mathematical operations like binary multiplication or cyclic convolution
product. We then show how to use the latter operation to implement an attack
against the well-known public-key crypto system NTRU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2379 </DOCNO>
Resonant Processes in a Frozen Gas


  In this thesis are presented analytical results and numerical simulations
concerning resonant processes in a frozen gas. This work was begun with the
intent of modeling experiments involving energy transfer due to dipole-dipole
interactions between ultracold Rydberg atoms, and the subsequent propagation of
dipolar excitons. However, the results and the techniques developed to obtain
them are more generally applicable to a wide variety of problems.
  We start by studying a simplified model that considers only the energy
transfer process in an infinite medium of randomly distributed atoms. This
model is very instructive, because it gives a simplified arena in which to
develop the techniques that are used again and again throughout the thesis.
Exact analytical results are obtained for the time evolution of energy
transfer, its dependence on the detuning from resonance, and the localization
distance over which the transfer process is effective. The result for the
initial rate of energy transfer turns out to have general validity. This
soluble model also provides an excellent means for testing the numerical
simulations that are carried out for a finite sample.
  When we allow for the propagation of dipolar excitons, it is no longer
possible to obtain exact analytical solutions, but an approximation has been
found that agrees quite well with the numerical simulations for the amplitude
of the overall process. Simulations are necessary to find the sample-averaged
probability...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169301 </DOCNO>
Time and Information, The Origins of 'Time' from Information Flow In


  The 'problem of time' can be 'solved' in principle by taking the viewpoint
that information created by quantum systems or Feynman Clocks (FCs) is
transferred by signals to detectors as quantum 'infostates' and then used to
construct 'time' with a T-computer. This constructed quantum 'time' results
from the quantum computational process of coupling observed signals to standard
clock signals into time labeled infostates in an observers' T-computer. The
T-computer model is used to define standard 'time coordinates' for 'events' in
space-time maps. The 'direction' and 'dimension' of 'arrows of time' follow
from the ordering and properties of the numbers used to label event 'times'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4456 </DOCNO>
Gompertz law in simple computer model of aging of biological population


  It is shown that if the computer model of biological ageing proposed by
Stauffer is modified such that the late reproduction is privileged then the
Gompertz law of exponential increase of mortality can be retrieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168315 </DOCNO>
Raman cooling and heating of two trapped Ba+ ions


  We study cooling of the collective vibrational motion of two 138Ba+ ions
confined in an electrodynamic trap and irradiated with laser light close to the
resonances S_1/2-P_1/2 (493 nm) and P_1/2-D_3/2 (649 nm). The motional state of
the ions is monitored by a spatially resolving photo multiplier. Depending on
detuning and intensity of the cooling lasers, macroscopically different
motional states corresponding to different ion temperatures are observed. We
also derive the ion temperature from detailed analytical calculations of laser
cooling taking into account the Zeeman structure of the energy levels involved.
The observed motional states perfectly match the calculated temperature.
Significant heating is observed in the vicinity of the dark resonances of the
Zeeman-split S_1/2-D_3/2 Raman transitions. Here two-photon processes dominate
the interaction between lasers and ions. Parameter regimes of laser light are
identified that imply most efficient laser cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5929 </DOCNO>
Critical Thickness in Dewetting Films


  We study dewetting of thin polymer films with built-in topographical
fluctuations produced by rubbing the film surface with a rayon cloth. By
varying the density of imposed surface defects, we unambiguously distinguish
spinodal dewetting, which dominates in liquid films thinner than a
characteristic thickness = 13.3 nm, from heterogeneous nucleation in the
thicker films. Invariance of this characteristic thickness upon more than a
decade change in the defect density makes kinetic effect an unseemly origin. A
crossover of the spinodal line provides a consistent picture. This
interpretation, however, contends the current understanding of molecular
interactions in apolar liquid films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40907 </DOCNO>
Helicity and Transversity Distribution of Nucleon and $\Lambda$-Hyperon


  It is shown that $\Lambda$-hyperon fragmentation in charged lepton deep
inelastic scattering (DIS) on a polarized nucleon target can provide sensitive
information concerning the quark helicity and transversity distributions for
both nucleon and $\Lambda$-hyperon at large $x$. Numerical predictions are
given for the spin transfers of the produced $\Lambda$, when the target nucleon
is polarized either longitudinally or transversely, and with the nucleon and
$\Lambda$ quark distributions evaluated both in an SU(6)
quark-spectator-diquark model and in a perturbative QCD (pQCD) based model. It
is also shown that the predicted spin transfers have different behaviors for
proton and neutron targets, and this can provide sensitive tests of different
predictions for the quark helicity and transversity distributions of the $d$
valence quark of the proton at large $x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96524 </DOCNO>
Kaehler spaces, nilpotent orbits, and singular reduction


  For a stratified symplectic space, a suitable concept of stratified Kaehler
polarization, defined in terms of an appropriate Lie-Rinehart algebra,
encapsulates Kaehler polarizations on the strata and the behaviour of the
polarizations across the strata and leads to the notion of stratified Kaehler
space. This notion establishes an intimate relationship between nilpotent
orbits, singular reduction, invariant theory, reductive dual pairs, Jordan
triple systems, symmetric domains, and pre-homogeneous spaces; in particular,
in the world of singular Poisson geometry, the closures of principal
holomorphic nilpotent orbits, positive definite hermitian JTS's, and certain
pre-homogeneous spaces appear as different incarnations of the same structure.
The space of representations of the fundamental group of a closed surface in a
compact Lie group inherits a (positive) normal (stratified) Kaehler structure,
as does the closure of a holomorphic nilpotent orbit in a semisimple Lie
algebra of hermitian type. The closure of the principal holomorphic nilpotent
orbit arises from a regular semisimple holomorphic orbit by contraction.
Symplectic reduction carries a (positive) Kaehler manifold to a (positive)
normal Kaehler space in such a way that the sheaf of germs of polarized
functions thereupon coincides with the ordinary sheaf of germs of holomorphic
functions. Symplectic reduction establishes a close relationship between
singular reduced spaces and nilpotent orbits of the dual groups.
Projectivization of holomorphic nilpotent orbits yields exotic stratified
Kaehler structures on complex projective spaces and on certain complex
projective varieties including complex projective quadrics. Physical examples
are provided by certain reduced spaces arising from angular momentum zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123752 </DOCNO>
Detailed Chemical Analysis of Two Giants in the SGR DSPH


  The 8m class telescopes allow for the first time to study stars of external
galaxies with the same resolution and S/N ratio which has been so far used for
Galactic stars. It is quite likely that this study will shake some of our
current beliefs. In this poster we highlight some of the results which have
been obtained for two giants in the Sgr dSph thanks to the UVES spectrograph on
the ESO 8.2m Kueyen telescope. Further details on the observations and data
analysis may be found in Bonifacio et al (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5559 </DOCNO>
An Exactly Solvable Phase-Field Theory of Dislocation Dynamics, Strain


  An exactly solvable phase-field theory of dislocation dynamics, strain
hardening and hysteresis in ductile single crystals is developed. The theory
accounts for: an arbitrary number and arrangement of dislocation lines over a
slip plane; the long-range elastic interactions between dislocation lines; the
core structure of the dislocations resulting from a piecewise quadratic Peierls
potential; the interaction between the dislocations and an applied resolved
shear stress field; and the irreversible interactions with short-range
obstacles and lattice friction, resulting in hardening, path dependency and
hysteresis. A chief advantage of the present theory is that it is analytically
tractable, in the sense that the complexity of the calculations may be reduced,
with the aid of closed form analytical solutions, to the determination of the
value of the phase field at point-obstacle sites. In particular, no numerical
grid is required in calculations. The phase-field representation enables
complex geometrical and topological transitions in the dislocation ensemble,
including dislocation loop nucleation, bow-out, pinching, and the formation of
Orowan loops. The theory also permits the consideration of obstacles of varying
strengths and dislocation line-energy anisotropy. The theory predicts a range
of behaviors which are in qualitative agreement with observation, including:
hardening and dislocation multiplication in single slip under monotonic
loading; the Bauschinger effect under reverse loading; the fading memory
effect, whereby reverse yielding gradually eliminates the influence of previous
loading; the evolution of the dislocation density under cycling loading,
leading to characteristic `butterfly' curves; and others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127136 </DOCNO>
Toward a National Virtual Observatory: Science Goals, Technical


  The National Academy of Science Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee,
in its new Decadal survey entitled Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New
Millennium, recommends, as a first priority, the establishment of a National
Virtual Observatory. The NVO would link the archival data sets of space- and
ground-based observatories, the catalogs of multi-wavelength surveys, and the
computational resources necessary to support comparison and cross-correlation
among these resources. This White Paper describes the scientific opportunities
and technical challenges of an NVO, and lays out an implementation strategy
aimed at realizing the goals of the NVO in cost-effective manner. The NVO will
depend on inter-agency cooperation, distributed development, and distributed
operations. It will challenge the astronomical community, yet provide new
opportunities for scientific discovery that were unimaginable just a few years
ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76697 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Self-Energy Corrections to the Fine-Structure


  We investigate two-loop higher-order binding corrections to the fine
structure, which contribute to the spin-dependent part of the Lamb shift. Our
calculation focuses on the so-called ``two-loop self-energy'' involving two
virtual closed photon loops. For bound states, this correction has proven to be
notoriously difficult to evaluate. The calculation of the binding corrections
to the bound-state two-loop self-energy is simplified by a separate treatment
of hard and soft virtual photons. The two photon-energy scales are matched at
the end of the calculation. We explain the significance of the mathematical
methods employed in the calculation in a more general context, and present
results for the fine-structure difference of the two-loop self-energy through
the order of $\alpha^8$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2993 </DOCNO>
Diffusion with random distribution of static traps


  The random walk problem is studied in two and three dimensions in the
presence of a random distribution of static traps. An efficient Monte Carlo
method, based on a mapping onto a polymer model, is used to measure the
survival probability P(c,t) as a function of the trap concentration c and the
time t. Theoretical arguments are presented, based on earlier work of Donsker
and Varadhan and of Rosenstock, why in two dimensions one expects a data
collapse if -ln[P(c,t)]/ln(t) is plotted as a function of (lambda
t)^{1/2}/ln(t) (with lambda=-ln(1-c)), whereas in three dimensions one expects
a data collapse if -t^{-1/3}ln[P(c,t)] is plotted as a function of
t^{2/3}lambda. These arguments are supported by the Monte Carlo results. Both
data collapses show a clear crossover from the early-time Rosenstock behavior
to Donsker-Varadhan behavior at long times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6940 </DOCNO>
Random Resonators and Prelocalized Modes in Disordered Dielectric Films


  Areal density of disorder-induced resonators with a high quality factor,
$Q\gg 1$, in a film with fluctuating refraction index is calculated
theoretically. We demonstrate that for a given $kl>1$, where $k$ is the light
wave vector, and $l$ is the transport mean free path, when {\em on average} the
light propagation is diffusive, the likelihood for finding a random resonator
increases dramatically with increasing the correlation radius of the disorder.
Parameters of {\em most probable} resonators as functions of $Q$ and $kl$ are
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113813 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Recombination due to Resonant Deexcitation of Metastable


  In a recombining plasma the metastable states are known to accumulate
population thereby slowing down the recombination process. We show that an
account of the doubly-excited autoionizing states, formed due to collisional
recombination of metastable ions, results in a significant acceleration of
recombination. A fully time-dependent collisional-radiative (CR) modeling for
stripped ions of carbon recombining in a cold dense plasma demonstrates an
order of magnitude faster recombination of He-like ions. The CR model used in
calculations is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2318 </DOCNO>
STM measurement of single spin relaxation time in superconductors


  Localized spin states in conventional superconductors at low temperatures are
expected to have long decoherence time due to the strong suppression of spin
relaxation channels. We propose a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)
experiment allowing the direct measurement of the decoherence time of a single
spin in a conventional superconductor. The experimental setup can be readily
applied to general-purpose spin-polarized STM and to local spin relaxation
spectroscopy. A possible extension of the setup to a quantum information
processing scheme is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83865 </DOCNO>
ICANN and Antitrust


  The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is a private
non-profit company which, pursuant to contracts with the US government, acts as
the de facto regulator for DNS policy. ICANN decides what TLDs will be made
available to users, and which registrars will be permitted to offer those TLDs
for sale. In this article we focus on a hitherto-neglected implication of
ICANN's assertion that it is a private rather than a public actor: its
potential liability under the U.S. antitrust laws, and the liability of those
who transact with it. ICANN argues that it is not as closely tied to the
government as NSI and IANA were in the days before ICANN was created. If this
is correct, it seems likely that ICANN will not benefit from the antitrust
immunity those actors enjoyed. Some of ICANN's regulatory actions may restrain
competition, e.g. its requirement that applicants for new gTLDs demonstrate
that their proposals would not enable competitive (alternate) roots and ICANN's
preventing certain types of non-price competition among registrars (requiring
the UDRP). ICANN's rule adoption process might be characterized as
anticompetitive collusion by existing registrars, who are likely not be subject
to the Noerr-Pennington lobbying exemption. Whether ICANN has in fact violated
the antitrust laws depends on whether it is an antitrust state actor, whether
the DNS is an essential facility, and on whether it can shelter under
precedents that protect standard-setting bodies. If (as seems likely) a private
ICANN and those who petition it are subject to antitrust law, everyone involved
in the process needs to review their conduct with an eye towards legal
liability. ICANN should act very differently with respect to both the UDRP and
the competitive roots if it is to avoid restraining trade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41632 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos and their flavor mixing in nuclear astrophysics


  In this thesis we explore the implications of neutrino oscillations in the
context of the solar neutrino data, the atmospheric neutrino data and results
from the terrestrial accelerator/reactor neutrino oscillation experiments. We
perform comprehensive $\chi^2$ analysis for the global solar neutrino data
including SNO and present our results for two flavor $\nu_e-\nu_{active}$ and
$\nu_e-\nu_{sterile}$ oscillations. We explore the apparent conflict between
the flat SK spectrum and the non-monotonic energy dependence of the solar
neutrino survival probability inferred from the global data on total rates. We
analyze the SK atmospheric neutrino data in the framework of two and three
generations. For the three-generation analysis we simultaneously take into
account the results of the terrestrial neutrino experiments. We consider the
possibility of unstable neutrinos and explore the viability of this decay model
as a solution to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly. We make quantitative
predictions for the number of events recorded in the water Cerenkov detectors
due a galactic supernova and examine the signatures of neutrino mass and mixing
in the resultant neutrino signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72419 </DOCNO>
New approaches to the determination of the total cross section


  New methods have been developed for extracting the parameters of diffraction
scattering amplitude, $\sigma_{tot}$ and $\rho=Re F_N/Im F_N$, from
experimental data. The latter determines these parameters with less errors and
without the knowledge of the normalization coefficient. The impact of
additional information from the measurement of the spin-dependence cross
section on the determination of the basic characteristic of elastic scattering
amplitude is examined. The new form of the connection between some
characteristics of the analyzing power and magnitude of the $pp-$ total cross
section is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72814 </DOCNO>
Hard Non-commutative Loops Resummation


  The non-commutative version of the euclidean $g^2\phi^4$ theory is
considered. By using Wilsonian flow equations the ultraviolet renormalizability
can be proved to all orders in perturbation theory. On the other hand, the
infrared sector cannot be treated perturbatively and requires a resummation of
the leading divergencies in the two-point function. This is analogous to what
is done in the Hard Thermal Loops resummation of finite temperature field
theory. Next-to-leading order corrections to the self-energy are computed,
resulting in $O(g^3)$ contributions in the massless case, and $O(g^6\log g^2)$
in the massive one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127904 </DOCNO>
C star survey of the Local Group Galaxies. III The Sagittarius dwarf


  We present the latest results of our ongoing homogeneous cool C star survey
of Local Group dwarf galaxies. We apply our two color photometric technique to
the study of two small galaxies: the Sagittarius dwarf (SagDIG) and Leo I. We
identify 16 C stars in SagDIG and 13 C stars in Leo I. Even though both
galaxies have a known C star population, we identify 7 previously unknown C
stars in each galaxy. The photometric properties of all the known C stars in
each galaxy are presented. It is shown that our definition of a C star, based
on our photometric criteria, produces a subset of carbon stars with homogeneous
properties useful for population comparison.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126319 </DOCNO>
Highlights of RXTE Studies of Compact Objects after ~5 Years


  Observations with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) have led to
fundamental progress in the study of compact objects, in particular neutron
stars and black holes. In this paper we present briefly some highlights from ~5
years of RXTE operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125076 </DOCNO>
Estimating Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with Sagnac


  Armstrong et al. have recently presented new ways of combining signals to
precisely cancel laser frequency noise in spaceborne interferometric
gravitational wave detectors such as LISA. One of these combinations, the
symmetrized Sagnac observable, is much less sensitive to external signals at
low frequencies than other combinations, and thus can be used to determine the
instrumental noise level. We note here that this calibration of the
instrumental noise permits smoothed versions of the power spectral density of
stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds to be determined with considerably
higher accuracy than earlier estimates, at frequencies where one type of noise
strongly dominates and is not substantially correlated between the six main
signals generated by the antenna. We illustrate this technique by analyzing
simple estimators of gravitational wave background power, and show that the
instrumental sensitivity to broad-band backgrounds at some frequencies can be
improved by more than an order of magnitude over the standard method,
comparable to that which would be achieved by cross-correlating two separate
antennas. The applications of this approach to studies of astrophysical
gravitational wave backgrounds generated after recombination and to searches
for a possible primordial background are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76835 </DOCNO>
Report of the Snowmass Subgroup on Extra Dimensions


  In this report we summarize the work performed at Snowmass 2001 on the
physics of extra dimensions. We divide these analyses into the following
classes: searches for extra dimensional phenomena, identification of specific
new physics scenarios, studies of black hole production and non-commutative
QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5317 </DOCNO>
Entropic analysis of the role of words in literary texts


  Beyond the local constraints imposed by grammar, words concatenated in long
sequences carrying a complex message show statistical regularities that may
reflect their linguistic role in the message. In this paper, we perform a
systematic statistical analysis of the use of words in literary English
corpora. We show that there is a quantitative relation between the role of
content words in literary English and the Shannon information entropy defined
over an appropriate probability distribution. Without assuming any previous
knowledge about the syntactic structure of language, we are able to cluster
certain groups of words according to their specific role in the text.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97464 </DOCNO>
Groups of homeomorphisms of one-manifolds, I: actions of nonlinear


  This self-contained paper is part of a series \cite{FF2,FF3} on actions by
diffeomorphisms of infinite groups on compact manifolds. The two main results
presented here are:
  1) Any homomorphism of (almost any) mapping class group or automorphism group
of a free group into $\Diff_+^r(S^1), r\geq 2$ is trivial. For r=0 Nielsen
showed that in many cases nontrivial (even faithful) representations exist.
Somewhat weaker results are proven for finite index subgroups.
  2) We construct a finitely-presented group of real-analytic diffeomorphisms
of $\R$ which is not residually finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2132 </DOCNO>
Self-organized criticality within generalized Lorenz scheme


  The theory of a flux steady-state related to avalanche formation is presented
for the simplest model of a sand pile within framework of the Lorenz approach.
The stationary values of sand velocity and sand pile slope are derived as
functions of control parameter (driven sand pile slope). The additive noises of
above values are introduced to build the phase diagram, where the noise
intensities determine both avalanche and non-avalanche domains, as well as
mixed one. Being corresponded to the SOC regime, the last domain is crucial to
affect of the noise intensities of vertical component of sand velocity and sand
pile slope especially. To address to a self-similar behavior, a fractional
feedback is used as efficient ingredient of the modified Lorenz system. In a
spirit of Edwards paradigm, an effective thermodynamics is introduced to
determine a distribution over avalanche ensemble with negative temperature.
Steady-state behavior of the moving grains number, as well as nonextensive
values of entropy and energy is studied in detail. The power-law distribution
over avalanche sizes is described within a fractional Lorenz scheme, where
noise of the energy plays a crucial role. This distribution is shown to be
solution of both fractional Fokker-Planck equation and nonlinear one. As a
result, we obtain new relations between exponent of the size distribution,
fractal dimension of phase space, characteristic exponent of multiplicative
noise, number of governing equations, dynamical exponents and nonextensivity
parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126979 </DOCNO>
An X-Ray Study of the Supernova Remnant G290.1-0.8


  G290.1-0.8 (MSH 11-61A) is a supernova remnant (SNR) whose X-ray morphology
is centrally bright. However, unlike the class of X-ray composite SNRs whose
centers are dominated by nonthermal emission, presumably driven by a central
pulsar, we show that the X-ray emission from G290.1-0.8 is thermal in nature,
placing the remnant in an emerging class which includes such remnants as W44,
W28, 3C391, and others. The evolutionary sequence which leads to such X-ray
properties is not well understood. Here we investigate two scenarios for such
emission: evolution in a cloudy interstellar medium, and early-stage evolution
of a remnant into the radiative phase, including the effects of thermal
conduction. We construct models for these scenarios in an attempt to reproduce
the observed center-filled X-ray properties of G290.1-0.8, and we derive the
associated age, energy, and ambient density conditions implied by the models.
We find that for reasonable values of the explosion energy, the remnant age is
of order (1 - 2) x 10^{4} yr. This places a fairly strong constraint on any
association between G290.1-0.8 and PSR J1105-610, which would require an
anomalously large velocity for the pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95803 </DOCNO>
Gaussian maximum of entropy and reversed log-Sobolev inequality


  The aim of this note is to connect a reversed form of the Gross logarithmic
Sobolev inequality with the Gaussian maximum of Shannon's entropy power. There
is thus a complete parallel with the well-known link between logarithmic
Sobolev inequalities and their information theoretic counterparts. We moreover
provide an elementary proof of the reversed Gross inequality via a two-point
inequality and the Central Limit Theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83873 </DOCNO>
Electronic Access to Information and the Privacy Paradox: Rethinking


  This article addresses the U.S. Supreme Court's central purpose formulation
in Reporters Committee v. Department of Justice under the federal Freedom of
Information Act. By examining all lower federal court opinions interpreting
Reporters Committee and by analyzing the effects of the Court's opinion on the
implementation of the FOIA, the paper finds that the Court's opinion has
greatly narrowed the scope of the FOIA and limited the power of EFOIA to
democratize electronic information. To assist in remedying the damage to the
public interest in freedom of information, the author urges judicial
consideration of a Privacy Act case, Tobey v. NRB, that more subtly treats
information collected by government about individuals. The paper concludes that
the Privacy Act demonstrates clearly that information, particularly
computerized databases, can not be treated categorically for purposes of
access.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124059 </DOCNO>
Cosmic shear from STIS Pure Parallels: I Data


  Following the second HST servicing mission in 1997 when the STIS instrument
was installed and the capability for parallel observations was enhanced, a
substantial archive of non-proprietary parallel data has been accumulating. In
this paper, we discuss the use of unfiltered STIS imaging data for a project
that requires deep observations along as many independent lines-of-sight as
possible. We have developed a technique to determine which datasets in the
archive can safely be co-added together and have developed an iterative
co-addition technique which enabled us to produce 498 high-quality, deep
images. The principal motivation for this work is to measure the Cosmic Shear
on small angular scales and a value derived from these data will be presented
in a subsequent paper. A valuable by-product of this work is a set of high
quality combined fields which can be used for other projects. The data are
publicly available at http://www.stecf.org/projects/shear/

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72737 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical Limits on Massive Dark Matter


  Annihilations of weakly interacting dark matter particles provide an
important signature for the possibility of indirect detection of dark matter in
galaxy halos. These self-annihilations can be greatly enhanced in the vicinity
of a massive black hole. We show that the massive black hole present at the
centre of our galaxy accretes dark matter particles, creating a region of very
high particle density. Consequently the annihilation rate is considerably
increased, with a large number of $e^+e^-$ pairs being produced either directly
or by successive decays of mesons. We evaluate the synchrotron emission (and
self-absorption) associated with the propagation of these particles through the
galactic magnetic field, and are able to constrain the allowed values of masses
and cross sections of dark matter particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 829 </DOCNO>
Vanishing Hall Constant in the Stripe Phase of Cuprates


  The Hall constant R_H is considered for the stripe structures. In order to
explain the vanishing of R_H in LNSCO at x = 1/8, we use the relation of R_H to
the Drude weight D as well as direct numerical calculation, to obtain results
within the t-J model, where the stripes are imposed via a charge potential and
a staggered magnetic field. The origin of R_H ~ 0 is related to a maximum in D
and the minimal kinetic energy in stripes with a hole filling ~ 1/2. The same
argument indicates on a possibility of R_H ~ 0 in the whole range of static
stripes for x < 1/8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2534 </DOCNO>
Quasispecies evolution in general mean-field landscapes


  I consider a class of fitness landscapes, in which the fitness is a function
of a finite number of phenotypic "traits", which are themselves linear
functions of the genotype. I show that the stationary trait distribution in
such a landscape can be explicitly evaluated in a suitably defined
"thermodynamic limit", which is a combination of infinite-genome and strong
selection limits. These considerations can be applied in particular to identify
relevant features of the evolution of promoter binding sites, in spite of the
shortness of the corresponding sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6387 </DOCNO>
Comment on PRB 59, 9195 (1999) and 62, 14061 (2000) by D. S. Golubev and


  The relation between "non-perturbative analysis" of low temperature dephasing
and the perturbation theory is discussed. Contributions missed in each order of
the perturbation theory due to "non-perturbative analysis" are listed. Main
source of the mistake is pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97060 </DOCNO>
Some properties for the low-lying spectrum of the ferromagnetic, quantum


  In this thesis we present three results about the ferromagnetic quantum XXZ
model: 1) Existence of a spectral gap above all infinite-volume ground states
in one dimension for any choice of spin S>1/2 (for S=1/2 this was already
known); 2) Characterization of one-dimensional "droplet" states as ground
states of the spin-1/2 model with up spin boundary fields; 3) An upper bound
for the spectral gap above the spin-1/2 interface ground states in dimension
two and higher. The upper bound vanishes as 1/R^2, where R is the linear size
of the system. This thesis contains research performed in collboration with
other authors: O. Bolina, P. Contucci, T. Koma, B. Nachtergaele.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99134 </DOCNO>
On the Cut Number of a 3-manifold


  The question was raised as to whether the cut number of a 3-manifold is
bounded from below by one third the first betti number of X. We show that the
answer to this question is "no." For each integer m>0, we construct explicit
examples of closed 3-manifolds X with first betti number equal to m and cut
number equal to 1. That is, the fundamental group of X cannot map onto any
non-abelian free group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4594 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear backreaction in a quantum mechanical SQUID


  In this paper we discuss the coupling between a quantum mechanical
superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and an applied static
magnetic field. We demonstrate that the backreaction of a SQUID on the applied
field can interfere with the ability to bias the SQUID at values of the static
(DC) magnetic flux at, or near to, transitions in the quantum mechanical SQUID.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113434 </DOCNO>
Obtaining the Wakefield Due to Cell-to-Cell Misalignments in a Linear


  A linear accelerator structure, such as will be used in the linacs of the
JLC/NLC collider, is composed of on the order of 100 cells. The cells are
constructed as individual cups that are brazed together to form a structure.
Fabrication error will result in slight cell-to-cell misalignments along the
finished structure. In this report we derive an approximation to the transverse
wakefield of a structure with cell-to-cell misalignments in terms of the
eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the error-free structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98327 </DOCNO>
On the Kauffman skein modules


  Let k be a subring of the field of rational functions in \alpha, s which
contains \alpha^{1}, \alpha^{-1}, s^{1}, s^{-1}, . Let M be a compact oriented
3-manifold, and let K(M) denote the Kauffman skein module of M over k. Then
K(M) is the free k-module generated by isotopy classes of framed links in M
modulo the Kauffman skein relations. In the case of k={Q}(\alpha, s), the field
of rational functions in \alpha, s, we give a basis for the Kauffman skein
module of the solid torus and a basis for the relative Kauffman skein module of
the solid torus with two points on the boundary. We then show that K(S^{1}
\times S^2) is generated by the empty link, i.e., K(S^{1} \times S^2)=k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128448 </DOCNO>
Schwarzschild metrics, quasi-universes and wormholes


  We introduce the concept of "quasi-universe" and describe the Einstein-Rosen
bridge as an extreme wormhole connecting two quasi-universes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73626 </DOCNO>
QCD Factorization in B -> pi K, pi pi Decays and Extraction of


  In the heavy-quark limit, the hadronic matrix elements entering nonleptonic
$B$-meson decays into two light mesons can be calculated from first principles
including ``nonfactorizable'' strong-interaction corrections. The $B\to\pi
K,\pi\pi$ decay amplitudes are computed including electroweak penguin
contributions, SU(3) violation in the light-cone distribution amplitudes, and
an estimate of power corrections from chirally-enhanced terms and annihilation
graphs. The results are then used to reduce the theoretical uncertainties in
determinations of the weak phases $\gamma$ and $\alpha$. In that way, new
constraints in the $(\bar\rho,\bar\eta)$ plane are derived. Predictions for the
$B\to\pi K, \pi\pi$ branching ratios and CP asymmetries are also presented. A
good global fit to the (in part preliminary) experimental data on the branching
fractions is obtained without taking recourse to phenomenological models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95457 </DOCNO>
Bloch-Kato conjecture and main conjecture of Iwasawa theory for


  This is the completely revised version of math.AG/0101071.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124549 </DOCNO>
Mass Density Profiles of LSB Galaxies


  We derive the mass density profiles of dark matter halos that are implied by
high spatial resolution rotation curves of low surface brightness galaxies. We
find that at small radii, the mass density distribution is dominated by a
nearly constant density core with a core radius of a few kpc. For rho(r) ~ r^a,
the distribution of inner slopes a is strongly peaked around a = -0.2. This is
significantly shallower than the cuspy a < -1 halos found in CDM simulations.
While the observed distribution of alpha does have a tail towards such extreme
values, the derived value of alpha is found to depend on the spatial resolution
of the rotation curves: a ~ -1 is found only for the least well resolved
galaxies. Even for these galaxies, our data are also consistent with constant
density cores (a = 0) of modest (~ 1 kpc) core radius, which can give the
illusion of steep cusps when insufficiently resolved. Consequently, there is no
clear evidence for a cuspy halo in any of the low surface brightness galaxies
observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5187 </DOCNO>
Measurement-induced Squeezing of a Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We discuss the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate during its
nondestructive imaging. A generalized Lindblad superoperator in the condensate
master equation is used to include the effect of the measurement. A continuous
imaging with a sufficiently high laser intensity progressively drives the
quantum state of the condensate into number squeezed states. Observable
consequences of such a measurement-induced squeezing are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127745 </DOCNO>
Contemporary interstellar meteoroids in the solar system - in situ


  Meteoroids originating from the local interstellar medium, traverse the solar
system. This has been proven by in situ measurements by interplanetary
spacecraft as well as highly sensitive radar measurements. Early attempts to
detect interstellar meteoroids using the instruments on board the Pioneer 8 and
9 spacecraft failed. More sensitive detectors on board the joint ESA/NASA
mission Ulysses as well as on board the NASA spacecraft Galileo, however,
unambiguously detected meteoroids of interstellar origin. This discovery has
started efforts to compare the results from the in situ measurements with
highly sophisticated models of interstellar dust properties derived from
astronomical absorption and extinction measurements. It was found that, at
least locally, is more mass locked up in meteoroids than expected from the
astronomical measurements. So far the in situ measurements only allow to derive
composition information indirectly via the meteoroid's dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96776 </DOCNO>
Classification of solutions of a Toda system in R^2


  We consider solutions of a Toda system for SU(N+1) and show that any
solution with finite exponential integral cam be obtained from a rational curve
in complex projective space of dimension N

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73147 </DOCNO>
Nonminimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Baryon and Lepton Number


  We carry out a comprehensive analysis of the nonminimal supersymmetric
standard model (NMSSM) with baryon and lepton number violation. We catalogue
the baryon and lepton number violating dimension four and five operators of the
model. We then study the renormalization group evolution and infrared stable
fixed points of the Yukawa couplings and the soft supersymmetry breaking
trilinear couplings of this model with baryon and lepton number (and R-parity)
violation involving the heaviest generations. We show analytically that in the
Yukawa sector of the NMSSM there is only one infrared stable fixed point. This
corresponds to a non-trivial fixed point for the top-, bottom-quark Yukawa
couplings and the $B$ violating coupling $\lambda_{233}''$, and a trivial one
for all other couplings. All other possible fixed points are either unphysical
or unstable in the infrared region. We also carry out an analysis of the
renormalization group equations for the soft supersymmetry breaking trilinear
couplings, and determine the corresponding fixed points for these couplings. We
then study the quasi-fixed point behaviour, both of the third generation Yukawa
couplings and the baryon number violating coupling, and those of the soft
supersymmetry breaking trilinear couplings. From the analysis of the fixed
point behaviour, we obtain upper and lower bounds on the baryon number
violating coupling $\lambda_{233}''$, as well as on the soft supersymmetry
breaking trilinear couplings. Our analysis shows that the infrared fixed point
behavior of NMSSM with baryon and lepton number violation is similar to that of
MSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77085 </DOCNO>
Ultra high energy cosmic rays: clustering, GUT scale and neutrino masses


  The clustering of ultra high energy (above 5\cdot 10^{19} eV) cosmic rays
(UHECR) suggests that they might be emitted by compact sources. We present a
statistical analysis on the source density based on the multiplicities. The
propagation of UHECR protons is studied in detail. The UHECR spectrum is
consistent with the decay of GUT scale particles and/or with the Z-burst. The
predicted GUT mass is m_X=10^b GeV, where b=14.6_{-1.7}^{+1.6}. Our neutrino
mass prediction depends on the origin of the power part of the spectrum:
m_\nu=2.75^{+1.28}_{-0.97} eV for halo and 0.26^{+0.20}_{-0.14} eV for
extragalactic (EG) origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83939 </DOCNO>
Information retrieval in Current Research Information Systems


  In this paper we describe the requirements for research information systems
and problems which arise in the development of such system. Here is shown which
problems could be solved by using of knowledge markup technologies. Ontology
for Research Information System offered. Architecture for collecting research
data and providing access to it is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98179 </DOCNO>
Generalized Maxwell Equations and Their Solutions


  The generalized Maxwell equations are considered which include an additional
gradient term. Such equations describe massless particles possessing spins one
and zero. We find and investigate the matrix formulation of the first order of
equations under consideration. All the linearly independent solutions of the
equations for a free particle are obtained in terms of the projection
matrix-dyads (density matrices).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76278 </DOCNO>
Baryon asymmetry and mass matrices


  In the framework of the baryogenesis via leptogenesis mechanism we study the
link between the amount of baryon asymmetry and neutrino mass matrices. In
particular, neglecting phases, we find that if the Dirac neutrino mass matrix
is related to the up quark mass matrix, the baryon asymmetry is about three
orders smaller than the required value. If the Dirac neutrino mass matrix is
related to the down quark or the charged lepton mass matrix, the baryon
asymmetry is about two orders smaller than the required value. In order to get
a sufficient amount of baryon asymmetry we need a more moderate hierarchy in
the Dirac neutrino mass matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86322 </DOCNO>
Bouncing open universes embeddable in a distorted Randall-Sundrum brane


  In reference gr-qc/0104036 a four-dimensional effective theory of gravity
embeddable in a five-dimensional "distorted" Randall-Sundrum brane scenario was
derived. The present paper is aimed at the application of such a theory to
describe physics in an open Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (Weyl-symmetric)
universe. It is shown that regular bouncing universes arise for a given range
of the free parameter of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168015 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluctuations of position of a mirror in vacuum


  A mirror scattering vacuum fields is submitted to a quantum fluctuating
radiation pressure. It also experiences a motional force, related to force
fluctuations through fluctuation-dissipation relations. The resulting position
fluctuations of the coupled mirror are related to the dissipative part of the
mechanical admittance. We compute the time dependent position commutator, which
makes apparent the difference between the low-frequency and high-frequency
masses, and the anticommutator noise spectrum, which describes the ultimate
sensitivity in a length measurement using mirrors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75842 </DOCNO>
The Sigma_Q Lambda_Q transition magnetic moments in light cone QCD sum


  Using the general form of of the Sigma_Q and Lambda_Q (Q=b or c) currents,
the Sigma_Q Lambda_Q transition magnetic moments are calculated in light cone
QCD sum rules

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75144 </DOCNO>
Characteristics of graviton-induced bremsstrahlung


  We discuss Bremsstrahlung induced by graviton exchange in proton-proton
interactions at hadronic colliders, resulting from gg\to G\to \mu^+\mu^-\gamma.
Both the ADD and RS scenarios are discussed. Due to the coupling of the
graviton to two photons, the cross section has a new kinematical singularity
for hard photons. Thus, graviton-induced Bremsstrahlung tends to yield more
hard photons than QED-based Bremsstrahlung. As compared with the corresponding
two-body final state, \mu^+\mu^-, the cross section is, for realistic cuts,
smaller by a factor \sim 0.02. At the LHC, and with a string scale of a few TeV
(ADD scenario), or a graviton mass of a few TeV (RS scenario), a few events of
high invariant mass are expected per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128700 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of O VI Overlying the Scutum Supershell


  We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer observations of the B0 III
star HD 177989 ($l = 17.8^{rm \o}, b = -11.9^{\rm o}, d$ = 4.9 kpc). This line
of sight passes through the high latitude outflow from the Scutum Supershell
(GS 018-04+44), a structure that lies at a kinematic distance of ~ 3.5 kpc, and
spans ~ 5$^{\rm o}$ in diameter. The O VI $\lambda$1031.93 line is compared
with STIS observations of Si IV, C IV, and N V to examine the ionizing
mechanisms responsible for producing the high ion absorption, as well as to
study the processes by which gas is expelled into the halo. The O VI profile
spans a similar velocity range as the other highly ionized atoms, from -70 to
+80 km/s. Component fits reveal very broad absorption at the kinematic velocity
of the Scutum shell, which differs from the narrow Si IV, C IV, and N V
components, suggesting that these other species occupy a more confined region.
It is possible that the O VI is present in hot gas from the shell interior that
is diffusing into the high latitude region above it. The column density ratios
show that while the C IV and Si IV columns are amplified in this region, the
enhancement is not reflected in N V or O VI. We suggest that the ionic ratios
and column densities could be produced by ~ 150-200 turbulent mixing layers
lying in a fragmented medium above the polar cap of the superbubble. We note
through a sight line comparison that although these absorption characteristics
are similar to those near the center of Radio Loops I and IV, they differ
considerably from those near the edges of the loops. It is apparent that the
traits of high ion absorption in a supershell, as well as the ionizing
mechanisms responsible, can vary among sight lines through the shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179756 </DOCNO>
Nuclear magnetization distribution and hyperfine splitting in Bi$^{82+}$


  Hyperfine splitting in Bi$^{82+}$ and Pb$^{81+}$ ions was calculated using
continuum RPA approach with effective residual forces. To fix the parameters of
the theory the nuclear magnetic dipole moments of two one- particle and two
one-hole nuclei around $^{208}$Pb were calculated using the same approach. The
contribution from velocity dependent two-body spin- orbit residual interaction
was calculated explicitly. Additionally, the octupole moment of $^{209}$Bi and
the hfs in muonic bismuth atom were calculated as well in the same approach.
All the calculated observables, except the electronic hfs in $^{209}$Bi, are in
good agreement with the data. We argue for more accurate measurement of the
octupole moment and the muonic hfs for $^{209}$Bi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97552 </DOCNO>
Non-positively curved graph manifolds are virtually fibered over the


  In this note we prove that any closed graph manifold admitting a metric of
non-positive sectional curvature (NPC-metric) has a finite cover, which is
fibered over the circle.
 An explicit criterion to have a finite cover, which is fibered over the
circle, is presented for the graph manifolds of certain class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128491 </DOCNO>
HIPASS High-Velocity Clouds: Properties of the Compact and Extended


  A catalog of Southern anomalous-velocity HI clouds at Decl. < +2 deg is
presented, based on data from the HI Parkes All-Sky Survey (HIPASS). The
improved sensitivity (5sigma: T_B = 0.04 K) and resolution (15.5') of the
HIPASS data results in a substantial increase in the number of individual
clouds (1956, as well as 41 galaxies) compared to previous surveys. Most
high-velocity emission features, HVCs, have a filamentary morphology and are
loosely organized into large complexes extending over tens of degrees. In
addition, 179 compact and isolated anomalous-velocity objects, CHVCs, are
identified based on their size and degree of isolation. 25% of the CHVCs
originally classified by Braun & Burton (1999) are reclassified. Both the
entire population of high-velocity emission features and the CHVCs alone have
typical HI masses of ~ 4.5 D(kpc)^2 solar masses and have similar slopes for
their column density and flux distributions. On the other hand, the CHVCs
appear to be clustered and the population can be broken up into three spatially
distinct groups, while the entire population of clouds is more uniformly
distributed with a significant percentage aligned with the Magellanic Stream.
The median velocities are V_GSR = -38 km/s for the CHVCs and -30 km/s for all
of the anomalous-velocity clouds. Based on the catalog sizes, high-velocity
features cover 19% of the southern sky and CHVCs cover 1%. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125882 </DOCNO>
The Globular Cluster Systems of Ellipticals and Spirals


  In this overview of the key properties of globular cluster (GC) systems I
show that the GCs in elliptical and spiral host galaxies have more in common
than previously thought. After contrasting these properties I briefly comment
on GC formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41684 </DOCNO>
On the Effect of theta_{13} on the Determination of Solar Oscillation


  If the solution to the solar neutrino puzzle falls in the LMA region, KamLAND
should be able to measure with good precision the corresponding oscillation
parameters after a few years of data taking. Assuming a positive signal, we
study their expected sensitivity to the solar parameters (theta_{12},Delta
m^2_{21}) when considered in the framework of three-neutrino mixing after
taking into account our ignorance on the mixing angle theta_{13}. We find a
simple ``scaling'' dependence of the reconstructed theta_{12} range with the
value of theta_{13} while the Delta m^2_{12} range is practically unaffected.
Our results show that the net effect is approximately equivalent to an
uncertainty on the overall neutrino flux normalization of up to sim 10 %.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96499 </DOCNO>
Isometries of Hilbert C*-modules


  It is shown that every linear surjective isometry between two right, full,
Hilbert C*-modules is a sum of two maps : a (bi-) module map (which is
completely isometric and preserves the inner product) and a map that reverses
the (bi-) module actions. Every such isometry can be extended to an isometry of
the C* linking algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96613 </DOCNO>
Classical and quantum polyhedra: A fusion graph algebra point of view


  Representation theory, for the classical binary polyhedral groups is encoded
by the affine Dynkin diagrams E6^{(1)}, E7^{(1)} and E8^{(1)} (McKay
correspondance). The quantum versions of these classical geometries are
associated with representation theories described by the usual Dynkin diagrams
E6, E7 and E8. The purpose of these notes is to compare several chosen aspects
of the classical and quantum geometries by using the study of spaces of paths
and spaces of essential paths (Ocneanu theory) on these diagrams. To keep the
size of this contribution small enough, most of our discussion will be limited
to the cases of diagrams E6 and E6^{(1)}, i.e. to the quantum and classical
tetrahedra. We shall in particular interpret the A11 labelling of the vertices
of E6 diagram as a quantum analogue of the usual decomposition of spaces of
sections for vector bundles above homogeneous spaces. We also show how to
recover Klein invariants of polyhedra by paths algebra techniques and discuss
their quantum generalizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5191 </DOCNO>
Spin Excitations in a Fermi Gas of Atoms


  We have experimentally investigated a spin excitation in a quantum degenerate
Fermi gas of atoms. In the hydrodynamic regime the damping time of the
collective excitation is used to probe the quantum behavior of the gas. At
temperatures below the Fermi temperature we measure up to a factor of 2
reduction in the excitation damping time. In addition we observe a strong
excitation energy dependence for this quantum statistical effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96392 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic Decoupling and Time-Dependent Born-Oppenheimer Theory


  We reconsider the time-dependent Born-Oppenheimer theory with the goal to
carefully separate between the adiabatic decoupling of a given group of energy
bands from their orthogonal subspace and the semiclassics within the energy
bands. Band crossings are allowed and our results are local in the sense that
they hold up to the first time when a band crossing is encountered. The
adiabatic decoupling leads to an effective Schroedinger equation for the
nuclei, including contributions from the Berry connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96592 </DOCNO>
Some Generalizations of the Chebyshev Method for Simultaneous


  Iterative methods for the simultaneous determination of all roots of an
equation are dis-cussed. The multiplicities of the roots are assumed to be
known in advance. The methods are proved to have a cubical rate of convergence.
Numerical examples are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95753 </DOCNO>
Framed Hitchin Pairs


  We provide a construction of the moduli spaces of framed Hitchin pairs and
their master spaces. These objects have come to interest as algebraic versions
of solutions of certain coupled vortex equations by work of Lin and Stupariu.
Our method unifies and generalizes constructions of several similar moduli
spaces. Here are some points which are also of interest in other similar
situations: - Our construction does not require the symmetricity condition that
the map ^2G x E -> E be zero, usually appearing in the context of Higgs
bundles. - We carry out a detailed analysis of the polynomial stability
parameter without referring to GIT. This sheds some light on intrinsic
properties of such parameter dependent stability concepts. - The construction
corrects an inaccuracy in our previous construction of the compactification of
the Hitchin space and generalizes it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 869 </DOCNO>
Universal Phase Diagram for High-Piezoelectric Perovskite Systems


  Strong piezoelectricity in the perovskite-type PbZr(1-x)TixO3 (PZT) and
Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) systems is generally associated with the
existence of a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) separating regions with
rhombohedral and tetragonal symmetry. An x-ray study of PZN-9%PT has revealed
the presence of a new orthorhombic phase at the MPB, and a near-vertical
boundary between the rhombohedral and orthorhombic phases, similar to that
found for PZT between the rhombohedral and monoclinic phases. We discuss the
results in the light of a recent theoretical paper by Vanderbilt and Cohen,
which attributes these low-symmetry phases to the high anharmonicity in these
oxide systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41151 </DOCNO>
Bottom Production in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP


  Results on inclusive and exclusive bottom production in gammagamma collisions
are presented. The total cross section of inclusive bottom production is
investigated through its leptonic decays at LEP II energies by the experiments
L3 and OPAL. The average cross section, after correction for acceptances and
efficiencies, is sigma_tot = 13.3 +- 1.5 +- 2.3 pb. The next-to-leading order
calculations are lower than the data by a factor three, which corresponds to a
difference of more than three standard deviations.
  ALEPH studied the exclusive bottom production. Searching for the eta_b one
candidate is found. Limits on Gamma_gammagamma(eta_b)*BR for 4 and 6 charged
particles are extracted. The candidate has a mass of 9.30 +- 0.04 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95791 </DOCNO>
Upper Bound for the Coefficients of Chromatic polynomials


  This paper describes an improvement in the upper bound for the magnitude of a
coefficient of a term in the chromatic polynomial of a general graph. If $a_r$
is the coefficient of the $q^r$ term in the chromatic polynomial $P(G,q)$,
where $q$ is the number of colors, then we find $a_r \le {e \choose v-r} -
{e-g+2 \choose v-r-g+2} + {e-k_g-g+2 \choose v-r-g+2} - \sum
_{n=1}^{k_g-\ell_g}\sum_{m=1}^{\ell_g-1} {e-g+1-n-m \choose v-r-g} -
\delta_{g,3}\sum_{n=1}^{k_g+\ell_{g+1}^*-\ell_g} {e-\ell_g-g+1-n \choose
v-r-g}$, where $k_g$ is the number of circuits of length $g$ and $\ell_g$ and
$\ell_{g+1}^*$ are certain numbers defined in the text.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75007 </DOCNO>
Form factors of heavy-to-light B decays at large recoil


  General relations between the form factors of B decays to light mesons are
derived using the heavy quark and large recoil expansion. On their basis the
complete account of contributions of second order in the ratio of the light
meson mass to the large recoil energy is performed. Both ground and excited
final meson states are considered. It is shown that most of the known form
factor relations remain valid after the inclusion of quadratic mass
corrections. The validity of some of such relations requires additional
equalities for the helicity amplitudes. It is found that all these relations
and equalities are fulfilled in the relativistic quark model based on the
quasipotential approach in quantum field theory. The contribution of 1/m_b
corrections to the branching fraction of the rare radiative B decay is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41603 </DOCNO>
f_1(1285) Formation in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP


  The eta pi^+ pi^- final state in two-photon collisions is studied with the L3
detector at LEP, at centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 209 GeV with an
integrated luminosity of 664.6/pb. The f_1(1285) meson is observed and the Q^2
dependence of its production is compared to different form factor models. The
gamma-gamma coupling parameter is found to be 3.5 +/- 0.6(stat.) +/- 0.5(sys.)
keV. The branching fraction (f_1(1285) -> a_0 pi) / (f_1(1285) -> eta pi pi) is
also measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168566 </DOCNO>
Cooperative effects on Optical Forces- Dicke's Bullet


  We investigate the cooperative effects on optical forces in a system of N two
level atoms occupying a volume of dimensions to within $\lambda ^3$, where
lambda is radiation wavelength and is driven by a coherent radiation field with
a spatial profile like Laguerre-Gaussian beam or ideal Bessel beam.We show a
dramatic enhancement on optical forces as well as the angular momentum imparted
to the atom by a factor of $N ^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4564 </DOCNO>
Peculiarities of the spectrum of strongly correlated electrons


  Hole and spin Green's functions of the two-dimensional t-J model of the Cu-O
planes are calculated in an approximation which retains the rotation symmetry
in the paramagnetic state and has no presumed magnetic ordering. In this
approximation Green's functions are represented by continued fractions which
are interrupted by decouplings with a vertex correction determined from the
constraint of zero site magnetization in the paramagnetic state. Obtained
results are shown to be in good agreement with Monte Carlo and exact
diagonalization data. The calculated spectra demonstrate a pseudogap and a band
splitting which are similar to those observed in Bi-based cuprate perovskites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168915 </DOCNO>
Experimental Implementation of Hogg's Algorithm on a Three-Quantum-bit


  Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques with three-qubit sample, we
have experimentally implemented the highly structured algorithm for the 1-SAT
problem proposed by Hogg. A simplified temporal averaging procedure was
employed to the three-qubit spin pseudo-pure state. The algorithm was completed
with only a single evaluation of structure of the problem and the solutions
were found with probability 100%, which outperform both unstructured quantum
and the best classical search algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73969 </DOCNO>
Exponentially Large Extra Dimensions


  We show how the presence of a very light scalar with a cubic self-interaction
in six dimensions can stabilize the extra dimensions at radii which are
naturally exponentially large, $r \sim \ell \exp [(4\pi)^3/g^2]$, where $\ell$
is a microscopic physics scale and $g$ is the (dimensionless) cubic coupling
constant. The resulting radion mode of the metric becomes a very light degree
of freedom whose mass, $m \sim 1/(M_p r^2)$ is stable under radiative
corrections. For $1/r \sim 10^{-3}$ eV the radion is extremely light, $m \sim
10^{-33}$ eV. Its couplings cause important deviations from General Relativity
in the very early universe, but naturally evolve to phenomenologically
acceptable values at present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95780 </DOCNO>
The ^sl(2)+^sl(2)/^sl(2) Coset Theory as a Hamiltonian Reduction of


  We show that the coset ^sl(2)+^sl(2)/^sl(2) is a quantum Hamiltonian
reduction of the exceptional affine Lie superalgebra ^D(2|1;\alpha) and that
the corresponding W algebra is the commutant of the U_{q}D(2|1;\alpha) quantum
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95770 </DOCNO>
Twisted Configurations over Quantum Euclidean Spheres


  We develop further the paradigm by which one constructs `spaces out of
bundles' by showing that the relations which define the algebras of the quantum
Euclidean planes $\b{R}^N_q$ can be expressed in terms of projections provided
that the unique central element, the radial distance from the origin, is fixed.
The resulting reduced algebras without center are the quantum Euclidean spheres
$S^{N-1}_q$. The projections $e=e^2=e^*$ are elements in
$\Mat_{2^n}(S^{N-1}_q)$, with N=2n+1 or N=2n, and can be regarded as defining
modules of sections of q-generalizations of monopoles, instantons or more
general twisted bundles over the spheres. We also give the algebraic definition
of the normal and cotangent bundles over the spheres in terms of canonically
defined projections in $\Mat_{N}(S^{N-1}_q)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128343 </DOCNO>
X-ray and UV Variability in the Core of M15: the nature of


  The prototypical post-core-collapse globular cluster M15 provides an ideal
environment for the formation of exotic binaries, it being already known to
contain a luminous LMXB (X2127+119, optically identified with the 17.1 hour
eclipsing binary AC211) and six millisecond pulsars in the core. However, the
X-ray properties of X2127+119 are strange in that it appears to be a high
inclination accretion disc corona source (ADC) from which we only see scattered
X-radiation, and yet it has produced extremely luminous type I X-ray bursts,
which may or may not have come from AC211. We have therefore examined the
5-year RXTE/ASM light curve of this object in order to search for long-term
modulations which might shed light on this unusual behaviour, and which led to
our discovery of further X-ray bursts. Furthermore we have used archival HST UV
images of the M15 core to search for other variable objects which might
indicate the presence of a second LMXB. From these we have found one highly
variable (> 5 mag) object which we interpret as a dwarf nova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148380 </DOCNO>
The boundary supersymmetric sine-Gordon model revisited


  We argue that, contrary to previous claims, the supersymmetric sine-Gordon
model with boundary has a two-parameter family of boundary interactions which
preserves both integrability and supersymmetry. We also propose the
corresponding boundary S matrix for the first supermultiplet of breathers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98700 </DOCNO>
Fisher Information inequalities and the Central Limit Theorem


  We give conditions for an O(1/n) rate of convergence of Fisher information
and relative entropy in the Central Limit Theorem. We use the theory of
projections in L2 spaces and Poincare inequalities, to provide a better
understanding of the decrease in Fisher information implied by results of
Barron and Brown. We show that if the standardized Fisher information ever
becomes finite then it converges to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128183 </DOCNO>
Sungrazing comets: Properties of nuclei and in-situ detectability of


  A one dimensional sublimation model for cometary nuclei is used to derive
size limits for the nuclei of sungrazing comets, and to estimate oxygen ion
fluxes at 1 AU from their evaporation. Given that none of the ~300 sungrazers
detected by the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) was observed after
disappearing behind the sun, and that small nuclei with a radius of ~3.5m could
be observed, it is assumed that all SOHO sungrazers were completely destroyed.
For the case that sublimation alone is sufficient for destruction, the model
yields an upper size limit as a function of nuclear density, albedo and
perihelion distance. If the density of the nuclei is that typical of porous ice
(600kg/m^3), the maximum size is 63m. These results confirm similar model
calculations by Weissman (1983). An analytical expression is derived that
approximates the model results well. We discuss possible modifications of our
results by different disruption mechanisms. While disruption by thermal stress
does not change the upper size limits significantly, they may be somewhat
increased by tidal disruption (up to 100m for a density of 600kg/m^3) dependent
on the isotropy of the sublimation process and the tensile strength of the
comet. Implications for the Kreutz family of sungrazers are discussed.
  Oxygen ions from the sublimation of sungrazing comets form a tail. Fluxes
from this tail are sufficiently high to be measured at 1 AU by particle
detectors on spacecraft, but the duration of a tail crossing is only about half
an hour. Therefore the probability of a spacecraft actually encountering a tail
of an evaporating sungrazer is only of the order of two percent per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125962 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy analysis of EAS data in the knee region


  Based on MAKET-ANI EAS data the distributions of equatorial coordinates of
EAS core directions are obtained in the knee region. Anisotropy of primary
cosmic rays is displayed only by declination equatorial coordinates (20+/-3
degrees) at primary energies more than 5-10 PeV. The fraction of anisotropic
component turns out ~10% in the knee region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1411 </DOCNO>
Orbital effect of Cooper pairs on Kondo effect in unconventional


  A new type of Kondo effect peculiar to unconventional superconductors is
studied theoretically by using the Wilson's numerical renormalization group
method. In this case, an angular momentum of a Cooper pair plays an important
role in the Kondo effect. It produces multichannel exchange couplings with a
local spin. Here we focus on a $p_x +i p_y$-wave state which is a full gap
system. The calculated impurity susceptibility shows that the local spin is
almost quenched by the Kondo effect in the strong coupling region ($T_{\rm
K}/\Delta \to \infty$), while the ground state is always a spin doublet over
all the $T_{\rm K}/\Delta$ region. Here $T_{\rm K}$ and $\Delta$ are the Kondo
temperature and the superconducting energy gap, respectively. This is different
from the s-wave pairing case where the Kondo singlet is realized for large
$T_{\rm K}/\Delta$ values. The strong coupling analysis shows that the $p_x +i
p_y$-wave Cooper pair is connected to the Kondo singlet via the orbital
dynamics of the paired electrons, generating the spin of the ground state. This
type of Kondo effect reflects the symmetry of the conduction electron system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149515 </DOCNO>
Junctions of Supersymmetric Tubes


  We begin by reviewing the noncommutative supersymmetric tubular
configurations in the matrix theory. We identify the worldvolume gauge fields,
the charges and the moment of R-R charges carried by the tube. We also study
the fluctuations around many tubes and tube-D0 systems. Based on the
supersymmetric tubes, we have constructed more general configurations that
approach supersymmetric tubes asymptotically. These include a bend with angle
and a junction that connects two tubes to one. The junction may be interpreted
as a finite-energy domain wall that interpolates U(1) and U(2) worldvolume
gauge theories. We also construct a tube along which the noncommutativity scale
changes. Relying upon these basic units of operations, one may build physical
configurations corresponding to any shape of Riemann surfaces of arbitrary
topology. Variations of the noncommutativity scale are allowed over the Riemann
surfaces. Particularly simple such configurations are Y-shaped junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124614 </DOCNO>
Signals of primordial phase transitions on CMB maps


  The analysis of the CMB anisotropies is a rich source of cosmological
informations. In our study, we simulated the signals produced by the relics of
a first order phase transition occured during an inflationary epoch in the
early Universe. These relics are bubbles of true vacuum that leave a
characteristic non-Gaussian imprint on the CMB. We use different statistical
estimators in order to evaluate this non-Gaussianity. We obtain some limits on
the allowed values of the bubble parameters comparing our results with the
experimental data.
 We also predict the possibility to detect this signal with the next high
resolution experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2395 </DOCNO>
A solvable non-conservative model of Self-Organized Criticality


  We present the first solvable non-conservative sandpile-like critical model
of Self-Organized Criticality (SOC), and thereby substantiate the suggestion by
Vespignani and Zapperi [A. Vespignani and S. Zapperi, Phys. Rev. E 57, 6345
(1998)] that a lack of conservation in the microscopic dynamics of an SOC-model
can be compensated by introducing an external drive and thereby re-establishing
criticality. The model shown is critical for all values of the conservation
parameter. The analytical derivation follows the lines of Broeker and
Grassberger [H.-M. Broeker and P. Grassberger, Phys. Rev. E 56, 3944 (1997)]
and is supported by numerical simulation. In the limit of vanishing
conservation the Random Neighbor Forest Fire Model (R-FFM) is recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75056 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark hadroproduction in k_T-factorization approach and the


  We compare the numerical predictions of the k_T-factorization approach
(semihard theory) for heavy quark production in high energy nucleon-nucleon and
photon-nucleon collisions with the experimental data from Tevatron-collider and
HERA. Predictions for heavy quark production at Tevatron, LHC and HERA are also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128089 </DOCNO>
Determination of the Distance to M33 Based on Single Epoch I-band HST


  We have determined the distance to M33 using single epoch I-band observations
of Cepheids based on HST/WFPC2 images of five fields in M33. Combining the HST
I-band photometry and the periods determined from the ground-based observations
(DIRECT) for 21 Cepheids with log P>0.8 in the sample of 32 Cepheids, we derive
a distance modulus of (m-M)_0=24.52+/-0.14(random)+/-0.13(systematic) for an
adopted total reddening of M33, E(B-V)=0.20+/-0.04 (E(V-I)=0.27+/-0.05) given
by Freedmand et al.(2001), the reddening to the LMC, E(B-V)=0.10, and the
distance to the LMC, (m-M)_0=18.50. If the total reddening to M33 of
E(B-V)=0.10+/-0.09 given by Freedman, Wilson, and Madore(1991) is used, the
Cepheid distance modulus based on the I-band photometry will be increased by
0.20. Metallicity effect on the Cepheid distance to M33 is estimated to be
small, delta(m-M)_Z=0.01 to 0.06, which leads to (m-M)_0=24.53 to 24.58 after
this metallicity effect correction. Using the Wesenheit W_I, an extinction-free
parameter, we derive a similar value,
(m-M)_0=24.52+/-0.15(random)+/-0.11(systematic). These results are in
reasonable agreement with those based on the ground-based multi-epoch BVRI
observations of brighter Cepheids in M33, and are ~0.3 smaller than those based
on the tip of the red giant branch and the red clump. It is needed to estimate
better the reddening to Cepheids in M33.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2715 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Time-reversal symmetry-breaking superconductivity"


  It is pointed out that erroneous Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer model equations
have been used by Haranath Ghosh in his recent treatment of time-reversal
symmetry-breaking superconductivity. Consequently, his numerical results are
misleading, and his conclusions are not to the point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2859 </DOCNO>
Testing Hall-Post Inequalities With Exactly Solvable N-Body Problems


  The Hall--Post inequalities provide lower bounds on $N$-body energies in
terms of $N'$-body energies with $N'<N$. They are rewritten and generalized to
be tested with exactly-solvable models of Calogero-Sutherland type in one and
higher dimensions. The bound for $N$ spinless fermions in one dimension is
better saturated at large coupling than for noninteracting fermions in an
oscillator

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74802 </DOCNO>
Higgs mass bounds in a Triplet Model


  We perform a global fit to high energy precision electroweak data in a Higgs
model containing the usual isospin doublet plus a real isospin triplet. The
analysis is performed in terms of the oblique parameters S, T and U and we show
that the mass of the lightest Higgs boson can be as large as 2 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6014 </DOCNO>
Kramers-Wannier symmetry and strong-weak-coupling duality in the


  It is found that the exact beta-function $\beta(g)$ of the continuous 2D
$g\Phi^{4}$ model possesses two types of dual symmetries, these being the
Kramers-Wannier (KW) duality symmetry and the weak-strong-coupling symmetry
$f(g)$, or S-duality. All these transformations are explicitly constructed. The
$S$-duality transformation $f(g)$ is shown to connect domains of weak and
strong couplings, i.e. above and below $g^{*}$ with $g^{*}$ being a fixed
point. Basically it means that there is a tempting possibility to compute
multiloop Feynman diagrams for the $\beta$-function using high-temperature
lattice expansions. The regular scheme developed is found to be strongly
unstable. Approximate values of the renormalized coupling constant $g^{*}$
found from duality symmetry equations are in good agreement with available
numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113909 </DOCNO>
Vibronic contributions to resonant NLO responses: two-photon absorption


  Two-photon absorption (TPA) spectra of push-pull chromophores are described
in terms of a two-state model accounting for electron-vibration coupling.
Vibrations have two main effects in TPA spectra. The most obvious one is the
appearance of a vibrational structure in the spectrum; in this respect we find
large Herzberg-Teller contributions. The second effect was not recognized so
far: vibrational states contribute a new channel to TPA process, that shows up
with a blue-shift and a distortion of the spectrum. Vibrational-channel
contributions to other NLO responses are shortly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124171 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Content of NGC 6789, A Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy in the


  We find that NGC6789 is the most nearby example of a Blue Compact Dwarf
galaxy known to date. With the help of WFPC2 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope,
we resolve NGC6789 into over 15,000 point sources in the V and I bands. The
young stars of NGC6789 are found exclusively near the center of the galaxy. The
red giant population identified at large galacticentric radii yields a distance
of about 3.6 Mpc, a stellar metallicity [Fe/H] of about -2, and a minimum age
of about 1 Gyr. Despite its isolated location in the Local Void,its low
metallicity, and its active star formation, the properties of NGC6789 are
clearly not those of a galaxy in formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75653 </DOCNO>
Width and Partial Widths of Unstable Particles in the Light of the


  Fundamental properties of unstable particles, including mass, width, and
partial widths, are examined on the basis of the Nielsen identities (NI) that
describe the gauge dependence of Green functions. In particular, we prove that
the pole residues and associated definitions of branching ratios and partial
widths are gauge independent to all orders. A simpler, previously discussed
definition of branching ratios and partial widths is found to be gauge
independent through next-to-next-to-leading order. It is then explained how it
may be modified in order to extend the gauge independence to all orders. We
also show that the physical scattering amplitude is the most general
combination of self-energy, vertex, and box contributions that is gauge
independent for arbitrary s, discuss the analytical properties of the NI
functions, and exhibit explicitly their one-loop expressions in the Z-gamma
sector of the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113883 </DOCNO>
Multiple beam interference in a quadrupolar glass fiber


  Motivated by the recent observation of periodic filter characteristics of an
oval-shaped micro-cavity, we study the possible interference of multiple beams
in the far field of a laser-illuminated quadrupolar glass fiber. From numerical
ray-tracing simulations of the experimental situation we obtain the
interference-relevant length-difference spectrum and compare it with data
extracted from the experimental filter results. Our analysis reveals that
different polygonal cavity modes being refractively output-coupled in the
high-curvature region of the fiber contribute to the observed far-field
interference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113355 </DOCNO>
A Natural Concept of Image in the Physics of fr. Alonso de la Veracruz


  Alonso de la Veracruz conducted a physical study of image, regarding the
activities of Soul in which image is produced, as organic operations. This
research was particularly important since, at that time, image was
systematically used to propagate the European culture in New Spain. Besides,
Alonso uses the visual radius to criticize the magical attitude popular in
Renaissance, denying the far sight and fascinations abilities attributed to
witches. Also, Alonso Guti\'errez applies the Aristotelian physics to deny the
healing powers attributed to the kings of France and England, secularizing this
way the gallic monarchies, and several other superstitions of that time. This
way, the physics of image developed by Alonso can be considered as close to the
rationalism of Descartes inasmuch as Guti\'errez criticizes the magical view of
Renaissance and introduces geometrical elements to elucidate physical problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97848 </DOCNO>
Curvature and rank of Teichm\"uller space


  Let S be a surface with genus g and n boundary components and let d(S) =
3g-3+n denote the number of curves in any pants decomposition of S. We employ
metric properties of the graph of pants decompositions CP(S) prove that the
Weil-Petersson metric on Teichmuller space Teich(S) is Gromov-hyperbolic if and
only if d(S) <= 2. When d(S) >= 3 the Weil-Petersson metric has higher rank in
the sense of Gromov (it admits a quasi-isometric embedding of R^k, k >= 2);
when d(S) <= 2 we combine the hyperbolicity of the complex of curves and the
relative hyperbolicity of CP(S) prove Gromov-hyperbolicity.
  We prove moreover that Teich(S) admits no geodesically complete
Gromov-hyperbolic metric of finite covolume when d(S) >= 3, and that no
complete Riemannian metric of pinched negative curvature exists on Moduli space
M(S) when d(S) >= 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149435 </DOCNO>
NC Branes and Hierarchies in Quantum Hall Fluids


  We develop the non commutative Chern-Simons gauge model analysis modeling the
description of the hierarchical states of fractional quantum Hall fluids. For a
generic level $n$ of the hierarchy, we show that the order parameter matrix
$K_{ab}$ is given by $ \theta^{-2}Tr(\tau_a \tau_b)$, where $\{\tau_a, 1\leq a
\leq n \}$ define a specific set of $n\times n$ matrices depending on the
parameter $\theta$ and the levels $l_a$ of the CS effective field theory. Our
analysis predicts the existence of a third order tensor of order parameters
$C_{abc}$ induced by the external magnetic field. It is shown that the
$C_{abc}$'s are not new order parameters and are given by $\theta d_{abc}$,
where $d_{abc}$ are numbers depending on the $l_a$'s. We also give the
generalized quantum Hall soliton extending the one obtained in the case of the
Laughlin state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6154 </DOCNO>
Stochastic model for the dynamics of interacting Brownian particles


  Using the scheme of mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics, we construct
the one- and two- particle Fokker-Planck equations for a system of interacting
Brownian particles. By means of these equations we derive the corresponding
balance equations. We obtain expressions for the heat flux and the pressure
tensor which enable one to describe the kinetic and potential energy
interchange of the particles with the heat bath. Through the momentum balance
we analyze in particular the diffusion regime to obtain the collective
diffusion coefficient in terms of the hydrodynamic and the effective forces
acting on the Brownian particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81198 </DOCNO>
Center Dominance Recovered: Direct Laplacian Center Gauge


  We introduce a variation of direct maximal center gauge fixing: the "direct
Laplacian" center gauge. The new procedure consists of first fixing to the
Laplacian adjoint Landau gauge, followed by overrelaxation to the nearby Gribov
copy of the direct maximal center gauge. Certain shortcomings of maximal center
gauge, associated with Gribov copies, are overcome in the new gauge, in
particular center dominance is recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148915 </DOCNO>
Generalized Poisson sigma models


  A general master action in terms of superfields is given which generates
generalized Poisson sigma models by means of a natural ghost number
prescription. The simplest representation is the sigma model considered by
Cattaneo and Felder. For Dirac brackets considerably more general models are
generated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7177 </DOCNO>
Coherent motion in the interaction model of cold glasses


  We have studied the collective phenomena of multicomponent glasses at ultra
low temperatures [Strehlow, et. al, Phys. Rev. Lett 80, 5361 (1998)] by taking
into account the proper interaction between tunneling centers. We have
considered both double and triple well potentials with different types of
interactions. We show that a phase with coherent motion appears for a range of
parameters when the path of tunneling is coursed by an interaction of the XY
type, while the usual Ising like interaction does not lead to the expected
collective phenomena. In the phase of coherent motion, the dipole moment and
the low-energy levels oscillate with a frequency proportional to the number of
tunneling centers in the system. Simultaneous level crossing occurs between the
ground and first excited states. The effects of long-range interactions and
also of random couplings have been also studied for a one- and two-dimensional
array of tunneling centers. We find that long-range interactions do not affect
the coherent motion, while a wide distribution of random couplings destroys the
collective effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87203 </DOCNO>
Analogue models of and for gravity


  Condensed matter systems, such as acoustics in flowing fluids, light in
moving dielectrics, or quasiparticles in a moving superfluid, can be used to
mimic aspects of general relativity. More precisely these systems (and others)
provide experimentally accessible models of curved-space quantum field theory.
As such they mimic kinematic aspects of general relativity, though typically
they do not mimic the *dynamics*. Although these analogue models are thereby
limited in their ability to duplicate all the effects of Einstein gravity they
nevertheless are extremely important -- they provide black hole analogues (some
of which have already been seen experimentally) and lead to tests of basic
principles of curved-space quantum field theory. Currently these tests are
still in the realm of *gedanken-experiments*, but there are plausible candidate
models that should lead to laboratory experiments in the not too distant
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126235 </DOCNO>
Building dwarf galaxies out of merged young star clusters


  Young star clusters in interacting galaxies are often found in groups or
clusters of star clusters containing up to 100 single clusters. In our project
we study the future fate of these clusters of star clusters. We find that the
star clusters merge on time scales of a few dynamical crossing times of the
super-cluster. The resulting merger object has similarities with observed dwarf
ellipticals (dE). Furthermore, if destructive processes like tidal heating,
dynamical friction or interaction with disc or bulge of the parent galaxy are
taken into account our merger objects may evolve into objects resembling dwarf
spheroidal galaxies (dSph), without the need of a high dark matter content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74186 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric dark matter and neutralino-nucleon cross section


  We review the direct detection of supersymmetric dark matter in the light of
recent experimental results. In particular, we show that regions in the
parameter space of several supergravity scenarios with a neutralino-nucleon
cross section of order of $10^{-6}$ pb, i.e., where current dark matter
detectors are sensitive, can be obtained. These are scenarios with large $\tan
\beta$, with non-universal soft supersymmetry-breaking terms, with multi-TeV
masses for scalar superpartners known as `focus point' supersymmetry, and
finally scenarios with intermediate unification scale which appear naturally in
some superstring constructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74361 </DOCNO>
Implications of the Measurements of Ue3 to Theory


  The predictions of $U_{e3}$ are discussed. Typical models which lead to the
large, the seizable and the tiny $U_{e3}$ are also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83820 </DOCNO>
Knowledge Sources for Word Sense Disambiguation


  Two kinds of systems have been defined during the long history of WSD:
principled systems that define which knowledge types are useful for WSD, and
robust systems that use the information sources at hand, such as, dictionaries,
light-weight ontologies or hand-tagged corpora. This paper tries to systematize
the relation between desired knowledge types and actual information sources. We
also compare the results for a wide range of algorithms that have been
evaluated on a common test setting in our research group. We hope that this
analysis will help change the shift from systems based on information sources
to systems based on knowledge sources. This study might also shed some light on
semi-automatic acquisition of desired knowledge types from existing resources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128991 </DOCNO>
Two-Dimensional Topology of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey


  We study the topology of the publicly available data released by the 2dFGRS.
The 2dFGRS data contains over 100,000 galaxy redshifts with a magnitude limit
of b_J=19.45 and is the largest such survey to date. The data lie over a wide
range of right ascension (75 degree strips) but only within a narrow range of
declination (10 degree and 15 degree strips). This allows measurements of the
two-dimensional genus to be made.
  The NGP displays a slight meatball shift topology, whereas the SGP displays a
bubble like topology. The current SGP data also have a slightly higher genus
amplitude. In both cases, a slight excess of overdense regions are found over
underdense regions. We assess the significance of these features using mock
catalogs drawn from the Virgo Consortium's Hubble Volume LCDM z=0 simulation.
We find that differences between the NGP and SGP genus curves are only
significant at the 1 sigma level. The average genus curve of the 2dFGRS agrees
well with that extracted from the LCDM mock catalogs.
  We compare the amplitude of the 2dFGRS genus curve to the amplitude of a
Gaussian random field with the same power spectrum as the 2dFGRS and find,
contradictory to results for the 3D genus of other samples, that the amplitude
of the GRF genus curve is slightly lower than that of the 2dFGRS. This could be
due to a a feature in the current data set or the 2D genus may not be as
sensitive as the 3D genus to non-linear clustering due to the averaging over
the thickness of the slice in 2D. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129513 </DOCNO>
The accretion/diffusion theory for lambda Bootis stars in the light of


  Most of the current theories suggest the lambda Bootis phenomenon to
originate from an interaction between the stellar surface and its local
environment. In this paper, we compare the abundance pattern of the lambda
Bootis stars to that of the interstellar medium and find larger deficiencies
for Mg, Si, Mn and Zn than in the interstellar medium. A comparison with metal
poor post-AGB stars showing evidence for circumstellar material indicates a
similar physical process possibly being at work for some of the lambda Bootis
stars, but not for all of them. Despite the fact that the number of
spectroscopically analysed lambda Bootis stars has considerably increased in
the past, a test of predicted effects with observations shows current abundance
and temperature data to be still controversial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85927 </DOCNO>
Exact relativistic treatment of stationary counter-rotating dust disks


  This is the second in a series of papers on the construction of explicit
solutions to the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations which can be
interpreted as counter-rotating disks of dust. We discuss the class of
solutions to the Einstein equations for disks with constant angular velocity
and constant relative density which was constructed in the first part. The
metric for these spacetimes is given in terms of theta functions on a Riemann
surface of genus 2. We discuss the metric functions at the axis of symmetry and
the disk. Interesting limiting cases are the Newtonian limit, the static limit,
and the ultra-relativistic limit of the solution in which the central redshift
diverges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98931 </DOCNO>
Kepler's Area Law in the Principia: Filling in some details in Newton's


  During the past 25 years there has been a controversy regarding the adequacy
of Newton's proof of Prop. 1 in Book 1 of the {\it Principia}. This proposition
is of central importance because its proof of Kepler's area law allowed Newton
to introduce a geometric measure for time to solve problems in orbital dynamics
in the {\it Principia}. It is shown here that the critics of Prop. 1 have
misunderstood Newton's fundamental limit argument by neglecting to consider the
justification for this limit which he gave in Lemma 3. We clarify the proof of
Prop. 1 by filling in some details left out by Newton which show that his proof
of this proposition was adequate and well grounded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128799 </DOCNO>
The Evolving Accretion Disc in the Black Hole X-ray Transient XTE


  We present HST, RXTE, and UKIRT observations of the broad band spectra of the
black hole X-ray transient XTE J1859+226 during the decline from its 1999-2000
outburst. Our UV spectra define the 2175A interstellar absorption feature very
well and based on its strength we estimate E(B-V)=0.58+/-0.12. Hence we
deredden our spectra and follow the evolution of the spectral energy
distribution on the decline from outburst. We find that the UV and optical
data, and the X-ray thermal component when detectable, can be fit with a simple
blackbody model of an accretion disc heated by internal viscosity and X-ray
irradiation, and extending to close to the last stable orbit around the black
hole, although the actual inner radius cannot be well constrained. During the
decline we see the disc apparently evolving from a model with the edge
dominated by irradiative heating towards one where viscous heating is dominant
everywhere. The outer disc radius also appears to decrease during the decline;
we interpret this as evidence of a cooling wave moving inwards and discuss its
implications for the disc instability model. Based on the normalisation of our
spectral fits we estimate a likely distance range of 4.6-8.0kpc, although a
value outside of this range cannot securely be ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76476 </DOCNO>
What we can learn on inflation from recent CMBR data


  We review the prediction of inflation and the constraints on inflationary
models coming from recent observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41720 </DOCNO>
On possibility of crystal extraction and collimation at 0.1-1 GeV


  Bent crystal situated in a circulating beam can serve for efficient slow
extraction or active collimation of the beams. This technique, well established
at 10-1000 GeV, could be efficient also at the energies as low as 0.1-10 GeV
according to the computer simulations presented in this paper. Applications
might include halo scraping in the Spallation Neutron Source or slow extraction
from synchrotrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149798 </DOCNO>
The particle invariance in particle physics


  Since particles such as molecules, atoms and nuclei are composite particles,
it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for the composite
particles and their constituent particles, this requirement is called particle
invariance in this paper. But difficulties arise immediately because for
fermion we use the Dirac equation, for meson we use the Klein-Gordon equation
and for classical particle we use the Newtonian mechanics, while the
connections between these equations are quite indirect. Thus if the particle
invariance is hold in physics, i.e., only one physical formalism exists for any
particle, we can expect to find out the differences between these equations by
employing the particle invariance. As the results, several new relationships
between them are found, the most important result is that the obstacles that
cluttered the path from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics are found, it
becomes possible to derive the quantum wave equations from the relativistic
mechanics after the obstacles are removed. A improved model is proposed to gain
a better understanding on elementary particle interactions. This approach
offers enormous advantages, not only for giving the first physically reasonable
interpretation of quantum mechanics, but also for improving the quark model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75868 </DOCNO>
High energy constraints on Lorentz symmetry violations


  Lorentz violation at high energies might lead to non linear dispersion
relations for the fundamental particles. We analyze observational constraints
on these without assuming any a priori equality between the coefficients
determining the amount of Lorentz violation for different particle species. We
focus on constraints from three high energy processes involving photons and
electrons: photon decay, photo-production of electron-positron pairs, and
vacuum Cerenkov radiation. We find that cubic momentum terms in the dispersion
relations are strongly constrained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6225 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic properties of A-statistics


  A-statistics is defined in the context of the Lie algebra sl(n+1). Some
thermal properties of A-statistics are investigated under the assumption that
the particles interact only via statistical interaction imposed by the Pauli
principle of A-statistics. Apart from the general case, three particular
examples are studied in more detail: (a) the particles have one and the same
energy and chemical potential; (b) equidistant energy spectrum; (c) two species
of particles with one and the same energy and chemical potential within each
class. The grand partition functions and the average number of particles are
among the thermodynamical quantities written down explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40810 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Heavy Meson Lifetimes with Belle


  Charmed and beauty meson lifetimes have been measured using data collected
with the Belle detector at KEKB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123639 </DOCNO>
The redshifts of bright sub-mm sources


  One of the key goals in observational cosmology over the next few years will
be to establish the redshift distribution of the recently-discovered sub-mm
source population. In this brief review I discuss and summarize the redshift
information which has been gleaned to date for the ~ 50 bright sub-mm sources
which have been uncovered via the six main classes of survey performed with
SCUBA on the JCMT over the last 2-3 years. Despite the biases inherent in some
of these surveys, and the crudeness of the redshift information available in
others, I conclude that all current information suggests that only 10-15 % of
luminous sub-mm sources lie at z < 2, and that the median redshift of this
population is z ~ 3. I suggest that such a high median redshift is arguably not
unexpected given current theories designed to explain the correlation between
black-hole mass and spheroid mass found at low redshift. In such scenarios,
peak AGN emission is expected to correspond to, or even to cause termination of
major star-formation activity in the host spheroid. In contrast, maximum dust
emission is expected to occur roughly half-way through the star-formation
process. Given that optical emission from bright quasars peaks at z = 2.5,
dust-emission from massive ellipticals might be reasonably expected to peak at
some point in the preceding ~ 1 Gyr, at z ~ 3. Confirmation or refutation of
this picture requires significantly-improved redshift information on bright
samples of SCUBA sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76037 </DOCNO>
Higgs Sector of Non-minimal Supersymmetric Models at Future Hadron


  We investigate the potential of current and planned hadron colliders
operating at the TeV scale in disentangling the structure of the Higgs sector
of non-minimal Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model with an extra
gauge singlet. We assume universality of the soft Supersymmetry breaking terms
at the GUT scale as well as a CP-even Higgs boson with mass around 115 GeV, as
suggested by LEP. We find that mixing angles between the doublet and singlet
Higgs states are always small. However, concrete prospects exist at both the
Tevatron (Run II) and the Large Hadron Collider of detecting at least one
neutral Higgs state with a dominant singlet component, in addition to those
available from a doublet Higgs sector which is similar to the one of the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5881 </DOCNO>
Short range correlations in a one dimensional electron gas


  We use the SSTL (Singwi, Sjolander, Tosi, Land) approximation to investigate
the short--range correlations in a one dimensional electron gas, for the first
time. Although SSTL is introduced to better satisfy the compressibility sum
rule in three dimensions, the widely used STLS (Singwi, Tosi, Land, Sjolander)
approximation turns out to be more successful in the case of the one
dimensional electron gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77122 </DOCNO>
LEP2 constraint on 4D QED having dynamically generated spatial dimension


  We study 4D QED in which one spatial dimension is dynamically generated from
3D action, following the mechanism proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Cohen and Georgi.
In this model, the generated fourth dimension is discretized by an interval
parameter $a$. We examine the phenomenological constraint on the parameter $a$
coming from the collider experiments on the QED process e+ e- \to \gamma
\gamma. It is found that the LEP2 experiments give the constraint of 1/a \simgt
461GeV. Expected bound on the same parameter a at the future e+ e- linear
collider is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86700 </DOCNO>
Doubly covariant action principle of singular hypersurfaces in general


  An action principle of singular hypersurfaces in general relativity and
scalar-tensor type theories of gravity in the Einstein frame is presented
without assuming any symmetry. The action principle is manifestly doubly
covariant in the sense that coordinate systems on and off a hypersurface are
disentangled and can be independently specified. It is shown that, including
variation of the metric, the position of the hypersurface and matter fields,
the variational principle gives the correct set of equations of motion: the
Einstein equation off the hypersurface, Israel's junction condition in a doubly
covariant form and equations of motion of matter fields including the scalar
fields. The position of the hypersurface measured from one side of the
hypersurface and that measured from another side can be independently variated
as required by the double covariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168394 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics gives stability to a Nash equilibrium


  We consider a slightly modified version of the Rock-Scissors-Paper (RSP) game
from the point of view of evolutionary stability. In its classical version the
game has a mixed Nash equilibrium (NE) not stable against mutants. We find a
quantized version of the RSP game for which the classical mixed NE becomes
stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2236 </DOCNO>
Coherent control of superfluidity in a Fermi gas of atoms


  We theoretically examine photoassociation of a two-component Fermi degenerate
gas, focusing on light-induced atom-atom interactions as a means to raise the
critical temperature of the BCS transition to a superfluid state. As it stands,
photoassociation-induced superfluidity is limited by spontaneous decay to
experimentally inconvenient light intensities [Mackie et al., Opt. Express 8,
118 (2000)]. We therefore propose to use coherent control in photoassociation
to a pair of molecular levels to cancel spontaneous emission, whereby the BCS
transition should occur within reach of current experimental techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73088 </DOCNO>
BL Lacertae are probable sources of the observed ultra-high energy


  We calculate angular correlation function between ultra-high energy cosmic
rays (UHECR) observed by Yakutsk and AGASA experiments, and most powerful BL
Lacertae objects. We find significant correlations which correspond to the
probability of statistical fluctuation less than $10^{-4}$, including penatly
for selecting the subset of brightest BL Lacs. We conclude that some of BL Lacs
are sources of the observed UHECR and present a list of most probable
candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179459 </DOCNO>
Effective field theory contribution to charge symmetry breaking NN


  The effect of isospin breaking pion s-wave rescattering is included in
elastic NN scattering at low energies using effective field theory. Although
this mechanism gave a large contribution to charge symmetry breaking in np -->
d pi0, the effect is rather small in pp vs. nn scattering parameters and in the
3H-3He binding energy difference. This smallness is caused by large
cancellation of the up-down quark mass difference contribution and
electromagnetic effects to the np mass difference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3634 </DOCNO>
Berry Phases of Classical Trajectories in the Presence of Hard-Wall


  We study the quantum propagator in the semiclassical limit with hard-wall
potentials. We show that, upon each reflection by the hard wall, a Berry phase
$\pi$ is accumulated and leads to interferences between different classical
trajectories. Including the Berry phase caused by the hard walls, the modified
Van Vleck's formula is derived. We also discuss the close relations among
quantum statistics, discrete gauge symmetry, and hard-wall constraints. Most of
all, we formulate a new quantization rule that applies to {\it both} smooth and
sharp boundary potentials. It provides an easy way to compute quantized
energies in the semiclassical limit and is extremely useful for many physical
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73159 </DOCNO>
Generalized Bounds on Majoron-neutrino couplings


  We discuss limits on neutrino-Majoron couplings both from laboratory
experiments as well as from astrophysics. They apply to the simplest class of
Majoron models which covers a variety of possibilities where neutrinos acquire
mass either via a seesaw-type scheme or via radiative corrections. By adopting
a general framework including CP phases we generalize bounds obtained
previously. The combination of complementary bounds enables us to obtain a
highly non-trivial exclusion region in the parameter space. We find that the
future double beta project GENIUS, together with constraints based on supernova
energy release arguments, could restrict neutrino-Majoron couplings down to the
10^{-7} level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127831 </DOCNO>
The SCUBA Bright Quasar Survey (SBQS): 850micron observations of the z>4


  We present initial results of a new, systematic search for massive
star-formation in the host galaxies of the most luminous and probably most
massive z>=4 radio-quiet quasars (M(B) <= -27.5; nuL(nu)(1450Ang)>10^13Lsun).
  A total of 38 z>=4 radio-quiet quasars have been observed at the JCMT using
SCUBA at 850microns: 8 were detected (>3sigma) with S(850microns)>~ 10mJy
(submillimetre-loud). The new detections almost triple the number of optically
selected, submillimetre-loud z>~4 radio-quiet quasars known to date. We include
a detailed description of how our quasar sample is defined in terms of radio
and optical properties.
  There is no strong evidence for trends in either detectability or 850microns
flux with absolute magnitude, M(B). We find that the weighted mean flux of the
undetected sources is 2.0 +/- 0.6mJy, consistent with an earlier estimate of
\~3mJy based on more sensitive observations of a sample z>~4 radio-quiet
quasars (McMahon et al., 1999). This corresponds to an inferred starformation
rate of \~1000Msun/yr, similar to Arp220. The typical starformation timescale
for the submillimetre-bright sources is ~1Gyr, 10 times longer than the typical
accretion-driven e-folding timescale of ~5x10^7 years. Our 850micron detection
of the z=4.4 quasar PSS J1048+4407 when analysed in conjunction with 1.2mm
single-dish and interferometric observations suggests that this source is
resolved on angular scales of 1-2" (6-12 kpc). In addition, we present a new
optical spectrum of this source, identifying it as a broad absorption line
(BAL) quasar. The new redshift is outside that covered in a recent CO line
search by Guilloteau et al., (1999), highlighting the need for accurate
redshifts for the obervation and interpretation of high-redshift line studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125192 </DOCNO>
Orbital Comptonization in accretion disks around black holes


  We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of
low-energy photons in an accretion disk around a Schwarzschild black hole. The
photons gain energy from the rotational motion of the electrons in the disk.
The upscattering occurs near the black hole horizon, where the flow velocity of
the electrons approaches the speed of light. We show that this type of
bulk-flow Comptonization can produce power-law X-ray spectra similar to the
ones observed in black-hole X-ray transients in the high/soft state, i.e., a
soft bump dominating the spectrum below ~ 10 keV and a power-law tail with
photon index in the range 2-3. In order to reproduce the observed hard to soft
flux ratio the disk has to have vertical optical depth above ~ 3 at the last
stable orbit. We conclude that the power-law component of the high/soft state
of black-hole transients may be due to an intrinsically cool disk extending all
the way to the hole, without a separate hot plasma component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127955 </DOCNO>
Keck Spectroscopy and HST Imaging of GRB 000926: Probing a Host Galaxy


  We present early-time Keck spectroscopic observations and late-time Hubble
Space Telescope (HST) imaging of GRB 000926. The HST images show a small offset
between the optical transient and the compact host galaxy. Combined with the
large equivalent widths measured for metallic absorption lines by the Keck
Echellette Spectrograph and Imager (ESI) and the Low-Resolution Imaging
Spectrometer (LRIS), this indicates that the GRB exploded near the center of
its host. The ESI spectroscopy reveals two absorption systems centered at z =
2.0379 \pm 0.0008 with a velocity separation of 168 km s^{-1}, which we
interpret as being due to individual clouds in the host galaxy. The ratios of
chromium to zinc equivalent widths indicates the host is depleted in dust
relative to local values to a similar degree as damped Lyman alpha systems at
the same redshift. Further, the two clouds appear to have similar relative
metal abundance and dust to gas ratio. If one cloud is associated with the GRB
site, this implies the explosion did not significantly alter the surrounding
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73293 </DOCNO>
Power scaling rules for charmonia production and HQEFT


  We discuss the power scaling rules along the lines of a complete Heavy Quark
Effective Field Theory (HQEFT) for the description of heavy quarkonium
production through a color-octet mechanism. To this end, we firstly derive a
tree-level heavy quark effective Lagrangian keeping both particle-antiparticle
mixed sectors allowing for heavy quark-antiquark pair annihilation and
creation, but describing only low-energy modes around the heavy quark mass.
Then we show the consistency of using HQEFT fields in constructing four-fermion
local operators a la NRQCD, to be identified with standard color-octet matrix
elements. We analyze some numerical values extracted from charmonia production
by different authors and their hierarchy in the light of HQEFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168485 </DOCNO>
Experimental verification of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for


  The Heisenberg uncertainty principle for material objects is an essential
corner stone of quantum mechanics and clearly visualizes the wave nature of
matter. Here we report a demonstration of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle
for the most massive, complex and hottest single object so far, the fullerene
molecule C70 at a temperature of 900 K. We find a good quantitative agreement
with the theoretical expectation: dx * dp = h, where dx is the width of the
restricting slit, dp is the momentum transfer required to deflect the fullerene
to the first interference minimum and h is Planck's quantum of action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75070 </DOCNO>
Solution to the 3-Loop $\Phi$-Derivable Approximation for Massless


  We develop a systematic method for solving the 3-loop $\Phi$-derivable
approximation to the thermodynamics of the massless $\phi^4$ field theory. The
method involves expanding sum-integrals in powers of $g^2$ and m/T, where g is
the coupling constant, m is a variational mass parameter, and T is the
temperature. The problem is reduced to one with the single variational
parameter m by solving the variational equations order-by-order in $g^2$ and
m/T. At the variational point, there are ultraviolet divergences of order $g^6$
that cannot be removed by any renormalization of the coupling constant. We
define a finite thermodynamic potential by truncating at $5^{th}$ order in g
and m/T. The associated thermodynamic functions seem to be perturbatively
stable and insensitive to variations in the renormalization scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95711 </DOCNO>
Lattice structures for quantum channels


  We suggest that a certain one-to-one parametrization of completely positive
maps on the matrix algebra might be useful in the study of quantum channels.
This is illustrated in the case of binary quantum channels. While the algorithm
is quite intricate, it admits a simple, lattice structure representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124306 </DOCNO>
Modeling the production of flares in $\gamma$-ray quasars


  Theories of high energy radiation production in quasar jets can be verified
by studies of both time-averaged spectra and variability patterns. While the
former has been explored extensively, the latter is in its infancy. In this
paper, we study the production of short-term flares in the shock-in-jet model.
We examine how the flares' profiles depend on such parameters as
shock/dissipation lifetime, electron-injection time profile, adiabaticity, and
half-opening angle of the jet. In particular, we demonstrate the large
difference between flare profiles produced in the radiative and adiabatic
regimes. We apply our model to the $\sim$day timescale flares observed in
optically violently variable (OVV) quasars, checking whether the
external-radiation-Compton (ERC) model for $\gamma$-ray flares at energies $>
30$ MeV (EGRET range) can be reconciled with the flares observed at lower
energies. Specifically, we show that the strict correlation between X-ray and
$\gamma$-ray flares strongly supports the dominance of the synchrotron
self-Compton mechanism in the X-ray band. We also derive conditions that must
be satisfied by the ERC model in order to explain a lag of the $\gamma$-ray
peak behind the optical one, as claimed to be observed in PKS 1406-076.
Finally, we predict that in ERC models where the MeV peak is related to the
break in electron distribution due to inefficient cooling of electrons below a
certain energy, the flares should decay significantly more slowly in the soft
$\gamma$-ray band than at energies greater than 30 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84052 </DOCNO>
The computational complexity of the local postage stamp problem


  The well-studied local postage stamp problem (LPSP) is the following: given a
positive integer k, a set of postive integers 1 = a1 < a2 < ... < ak and an
integer h >= 1, what is the smallest positive integer which cannot be
represented as a linear combination x1 a1 + ... + xk ak where x1 + ... + xk <=
h and each xi is a non-negative integer? In this note we prove that LPSP is
NP-hard under Turing reductions, but can be solved in polynomial time if k is
fixed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86561 </DOCNO>
Nonanalytic extensions of the extreme Reissner-Nordstroem metric in


  A basic extension of the exterior part of the extreme Reissner-Nordstroem
solution in terms of a continuous metric and gauge potential is constructed.
This extension is not smooth at the null hypersurface given by the
Cauchy-Killing horizon which separates isometric copies of the exterior metric.
The Maxwell-Einstein system of equations is satisfied only in a weak sense. The
manifold is topologically incomplete and the spherical symmetry is globally
broken down to an axial symmetry. This behaviour can be attributed to the
effect of a 'topological string', in the sense of a infinitesimally thin closed
stringlike object 'sitting on the rim' of the black hole and holding it open by
means of an accompanying impulsive gravitational wave. The resulting
differentiable manifold and the corresponding horizons are not anymore simply
connected, being 'pierced' by the strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3274 </DOCNO>
Diffuse Neutron Scattering Study of a Disordered Complex Perovskite


  Diffuse scattering around the (110) reciprocal lattice point has been
investigated by elastic neutron scattering in the paraelectric and the relaxor
phases of the disordered complex perovskite crystal-Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(PZN). The
appearance of a diffuse intensity peak indicates the formation of polar
nanoregions at temperature T*, approximately 40K above Tc=413K. The analysis of
this diffuse scattering indicates that these regions are in the shape of
ellipsoids, more extended in the <111> direction than in the <001> direction.
The quantitative analysis provides an estimate of the correlation length, \xi,
or size of the regions and shows that \xi <111>~1.2\xi < 001>, consistent with
the primary or dominant displacement of Pb leading to the low temperature
rhombohedral phase. Both the appearance of the polar regions at T*and the
structural transition at Tc are marked by kinks in the \xi < 111> curve but not
in the \xi < 001> one, also indicating that the primary changes take place in a
<111> direction at both temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74151 </DOCNO>
High Density Quark Matter under Stress


  We study the effect of SU(3) flavor breaking on high density quark matter. We
discuss, in particular, the effect a non-zero electron chemical potential and a
finite strange quark mass. We argue that these perturbations trigger pion or
kaon condensation. The critical chemical potential behaves as $\mu_e\sim\sqrt{m
m_s} \Delta/p_F$ and the critical strange quark mass as $m_s \sim m^{1/3}
\Delta^{2/3}$, where $m$ is the light quark mass, $\Delta$ is the gap, and
$p_F$ is the Fermi momentum. We note that parametrically, both the critical
$\mu_e$ and $m_s^2/(2p_F)$ are much smaller than the gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 602 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Dynamics of Quasiclassical Spin Moment in a Swept Field


  Quantum dynamics of anisotropic spin system with large spin moment in a swept
magnetic field is theoretically investigated. Magnetic field of this type
induces vortex static electrical field, that breaks down the axial symmetry and
induces new coherent quantum phenomena: the occurrence of band energy spectrum
with continuous spin states, Bloch-type oscillations and interband Zener
tunnelling effect. These quantum phenomena display themselves, in particular,
in magnetization jumps and susceptibility peaks in the investigated spin
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125167 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Stochastic Biasing of Galaxies and Dark Halos in Cosmological


  We perform an extensive analysis of nonlinear and stochastic biasing of
galaxies and dark halos in spatially flat low-density CDM universe using
cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We compare their biasing properties with
the predictions of an analytic halo biasing model. Dark halos in our
simulations exhibit reasonable agreement with the predictions only on scales
larger than 10h^{-1}Mpc, and on smaller scales the volume exclusion effect of
halos due to their finite size becomes substantial. Interestingly the biasing
properties of galaxies are better described by extrapolating the halo biasing
model predictions.
  We also find the clear dependence of galaxy biasing on their formation epoch;
the distribution of old populations of galaxies tightly correlates with the
underlying mass density field, while that of young populations is slightly more
stochastic and anti-biased relative to dark matter. The amplitude of two-point
correlation function of old populations is about 3 times larger than that of
the young populations. Furthermore, the old population of galaxies reside
within massive dark halos while the young galaxies are preferentially formed in
smaller dark halos. Assuming that the observed early and late-type galaxies
correspond to the simulated old and young populations of galaxies,
respectively, all of these segregations of galaxies are consistent with
observational ones for the early and late-type of galaxies such as the
morphology--density relation of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128165 </DOCNO>
Clustering of Dark Matter Halos on the Light-cone


  A phenomenological model for the clustering of dark matter halos on the
light-cone is presented. In particular, an empirical prescription for the
scale-, mass-, and time-dependence of halo biasing is described in detail. A
comparison of the model predictions against the light-cone output from the
Hubble Volume $N$-body simulation indicates that the present model is fairly
accurate for scale above $\sim 5h^{-1}$Mpc. Then I argue that the practical
limitation in applying this model comes from the fact that we have not yet
fully understood what are clusters of galaxies, especially at high redshifts.
This point of view may turn out to be too pessimistic after all, but should be
kept in mind in attempting {\it precision cosmology} with clusters of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98841 </DOCNO>
Stability and Futaki Invariants of Fano Hypersurfaces


  Let X be a Fano manifold. G.Tian proves that if X admits a Kaehler-Einstein
metric, then it satisfies two different stability conditions: one involving the
Futaki invariant of a special degeneration of X, the other
Hilbert-Mumford-stability of X w.r.t. a certain polarization. He conjectures
that each of these conditions is also sufficient for the existence of such a
metric. If this is true, then in particular the two stability conditions would
be equivalent. We show that for Fano hypersurfaces in projective space, where
due to the work of Lu and Yotov an explicit formula for the Futaki invariant is
known, these two conditions are indeed very closely related.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74793 </DOCNO>
Neutrino cross-section measurement with neutrinos from muon decay


  In this paper we stress the idea that new, more precise neutrino
cross-sections measurements at low energies will be necessary to improve the
results of future big neutrino detectors, which will be dominated by the
contribution of the systematic errors. The use of a muon beam instead of the
traditional pion beams is proposed. This choice allows the simultaneous
measurement of both, numu and nue interactions and the two helicities, in a
clean environment and with a precise knowledge of the beam flux. We show that
with approx 10^{15} mu's/year and a moderate mass detector (approx 100 tons)
placed close to the muon storage ring, precisions of the order of 10% in
sigma(nu) (E_nu bin size of 100 MeV) can be reached for neutrino energies below
2 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168437 </DOCNO>
Violation of multi-particle Bell inequalities for low and high flux


  We show how polarisation measurements on the output fields generated by
parametric down conversion will reveal a violation of multi-particle Bell
inequalities, in the regime of both low and high output intensity. In this case
each spatially separated system, upon which a measurement is performed, is
comprised of more than one particle. In view of the formal analogy with spin
systems, the proposal provides an opportunity to test the predictions of
quantum mechanics for spatially separated higher spin states. Here the quantum
behaviour possible even where measurements are performed on systems of large
quantum (particle) number may be demonstrated. Our proposal applies to both
vacuum-state signal and idler inputs, and also to the quantum-injected
parametric amplifier as studied by De Martini et al. The effect of detector
inefficiencies is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 48 </DOCNO>
Understanding the production of dual BEC with sympathetic cooling


  We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that sympathetic cooling of
$^{87}$Rb atoms in the $|F=2,m_F=2>$ state by evaporatively cooled atoms in the
$|F=1,m_F=-1>$ state can be precisely controlled to produce dual or single
condensate in either state. We also study the thermalization rate between two
species. Our model renders a quantitative account of the observed role of the
overlap between the two clouds and points out that sympathetic cooling becomes
inefficient when the masses are very different. Our calculation also yields an
analytical expression of the thermalization rate for a single species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149879 </DOCNO>
Special geometries, from real to quaternionic


  Special geometry is most known from 4-dimensional N=2 supergravity, though it
contains also quaternionic and real geometries. In this review, we first repeat
the connections between the various special geometries. Then the constructions
are given starting from the superconformal approach. Without going in detail,
we give the main underlying principles. We devote special attention to the
quaternionic manifolds, introducing the notion of hypercomplex geometry, being
manifolds close to hyperkaehler manifolds but without a metric. These are
related to supersymmetry models without an action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113494 </DOCNO>
The Legality of Wind and Altitude Assisted Performances in the Sprints


  Based on a mathematical simulation which reproduces accurate split and
velocity profiles for the 100 and 200 metre sprints, the magnitudes of altitude
and mixed wind/altitude-assisted performances as compared to their sea-level
equivalents are presented. It is shown that altitude-assisted times for the 200
metre are significantly higher than for the 100 metre, suggesting that the
``legality'' of such marks perhaps be reconsidered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3884 </DOCNO>
Semiconductor Superlattices: A model system for nonlinear transport


  Electric transport in semiconductor superlattices is dominated by pronounced
negative differential conductivity. In this report the standard transport
theories for superlattices, i.e. miniband conduction, Wannier-Stark-hopping,
and sequential tunneling, are reviewed in detail. Their relation to each other
is clarified by a comparison with a quantum transport model based on
nonequilibrium Green functions. It is demonstrated how the occurrence of
negative differential conductivity causes inhomogeneous electric field
distributions, yielding either a characteristic sawtooth shape of the
current-voltage characteristic or self-sustained current oscillations. An
additional ac-voltage in the THz range is included in the theory as well. The
results display absolute negative conductance, photon-assisted tunneling, the
possibility of gain, and a negative tunneling capacitance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148054 </DOCNO>
Chaplygin gas with field-dependent Poincare symmetry


  The relativistic generalization of the Chaplygin gas, put forward by Jackiw
and Polychronakos, is derived in Duval's Kaluza-Klein framework, using a
universal quadratic Lagrangian. Our framework yields a simplified proof of the
field-dependent Poincar\'e symmetry Our action is related to the usual
Nambu-Goto action [world volume] of $d$-branes in the same way as the Polyakov
and the Nambu action are in strings theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96108 </DOCNO>
Stability of a Hot Smoluchowski Fluid


  We study coupled non-linear parabolic equations for a fluid described by a
material density and a temperature, both functions of space and time. In one
dimension, we find some stationary solutions corresponding to fixing the
temperature on the boundary, with no-escape boundary conditions for the
material. For the special case, where the temperature on the boundary is the
same at both ends, the linearised equations for small perturbations about a
stationary solution are derived; they are subject to the boundary conditions,
Dirichlet for the temperature and no-flow conditions for the material. The
spectrum of the generator L of time-evolution, regarded as an operator on the
Hilbert space of square-integrable functions on [0,1], is shown to be real,
discrete and non-positive, even though L is not self-adjoint. This result is
necessary for the stability of the stationary state, but might not be
sufficient. The problem lies in the fact that L is not a sectorial operator;
its numerical range is the whole of the complex plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2697 </DOCNO>
Spinon-Holon Attraction in the Supersymmetric t-J Model with


  We derive the coordinate representation of the one-spinon one-holon
wavefunction for the supersymmetric $t-J$ model with $1/r^2$-interaction. This
result allows us to show that spinon and holon attract each other at short
distance. The attraction gets stronger as the size of the system is increased
and, in the thermodynamic limit, it is responsible for the square root
singularity in the hole spectral function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5820 </DOCNO>
Coarsening and Slow-Dynamics in Granular Compaction


  We address the problem of the microscopic reorganization of a granular medium
under a compaction process in the framework of Tetris-like models. We point out
the existence of regions of spatial organization which we call domains, and
study their time evolution. It turns out that after an initial transient, most
of the activity of the system is concentrated on the boundaries between
domains. One can then describe the compaction phenomenon as a coarsening
process for the domains, and a progressive reduction of domain boundaries. We
discuss the link between the coarsening process and the slow dynamics in the
framework of a model of active walkers on active substrates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86114 </DOCNO>
Quantum Black Holes from Quantum Collapse


  The Schwarzschild black hole can be viewed as the special case of the
marginally bound Lema\^\i tre-Tolman-Bondi models of dust collapse which
corresponds to a constant mass function. We have presented a midi-superspace
quantization of this model for an arbitrary mass-function in a separate
publication. In this communication we show that our solution leads both to
Bekenstein's area spectrum for black holes as well as to the black hole
entropy, which, in this context, is naturally interpreted as the loss of
information of the original matter distribution within the collapsing dust
cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149555 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet properties of noncommutative non-linear sigma-models in two


  We discuss the ultra-violet properties of bosonic and supersymmetric
noncommutative non-linear sigma-models in two dimensions, both with and without
a Wess-Zumino-Witten term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5875 </DOCNO>
Squeezing and entanglement in quasiparticle excitations of trapped


  We estimate the amount of temperature-dependent squeezing and entanglement in
the collective excitations of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. We also
demonstrate an alternative method of temperature measurement for temperatures
much less that the critical temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2994 </DOCNO>
Distribution of proper delay times in quantum chaotic scattering: A


  The probability distribution of the proper delay times during scattering on a
chaotic system is derived in the framework of the random matrix approach and
the supersymmetry method. The result obtained is valid for an arbitrary number
of scattering channels as well as arbitrary coupling to the energy continuum.
The case of statistically equivalent channels is studied in detail. In
particular, the semiclassical limit of infinite number of weak channels is paid
appreciable attention.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4230 </DOCNO>
Complementary Theories of Energy Gaps in HTSC


  We examine experiments on energy gaps in high temperature superconductors
(HTSC) in terms of experimental probes that utilize momentum, position, or
neither. Experiments on very high quality mechanical tunnel junctions show a
sharp energy gap with a maximum anisotropy of ~ 10%, while ultrahigh precision
ARPES experiments show 100% anisotropy (d-wave pairing). We resolve this
conbflict by showing that the latter result is caused by the
momentum-projective nature of ARPES and glassy orthorhombic dopant
correlations. The latter appear to be a universal feature of the intermediate
phase tha is responsible for HTSC. Apparent large inconsistencies between
position-projective STM gap data and tunnel junction data on severely
underdoped BSCCO are also resolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129175 </DOCNO>
Active Optics in Modern, Large Optical Telescopes


  Active optics is defined as the control of the shape and the alignment of the
components of an optical system at low temporal frequencies. For modern large
telescopes with flexible monolithic or segmented primary mirrors and also
flexible structures this technique is indispensable to reach a performance
which is either diffraction limited for an operation in space or limited by the
atmosphere for an operation on the ground. This article first describes the
theory of active optics, both of the wavefront analysis and the correction
mechanisms, then the design of three representative active optics systems, two
in telescopes of the four and eight meter class with meniscus mirrors and one
in a telescope with a segmented primary mirror, and, finally, presents
practical experience with these active optics systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1054 </DOCNO>
Novel Quantum Spin Assisted Tunneling in Half Metallic Manganite Tunnel


  The electron tunneling in half metallic manganite tunnel junctions is studied
by using a quantum mechanically treated double exchange model. We show that the
stimulation of spin excitations, caused by the strong Hund's coupling between
the conduction $e_g$ electrons and the localized quantum spins of the manganite
ions, would assist electrons to tunnel through the junction even with the
antiparallel aligned magnetizations of the electrodes. This mechanism gives
rise to an extra tunnel conductance, in addition to that predicted by
Julliere's model. Our theory is in good agreement with the voltage dependence
of the tunnel conductance in manganite tunnel junctions observed by
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125195 </DOCNO>
Systematic Uncertainties in the Determination of the Primordial 4He


  The primordial helium abundance Y_p is commonly inferred from abundance
determinations in low-metallicity extragalactic HII-regions. Such
determinations may be subject to systematic uncertainties that are investigated
here. Particular attention is paid to two effects: icf-corrections for
``imperfect'' ionization structure leading to significant amounts of
(unobservable) neutral helium or hydrogen and ``tcf''-corrections due to
non-uniform temperature. Model HII-regions with a large number of parameters
are constructed and it is shown that required corrections are almost
exclusively functions of two physical parameters: the number of helium- to
hydrogen- ionizing photons in the illuminating continuum Q(He0)/Q(H0), and the
ratio of width to radius delta r_S/r_S of the Stromgren sphere. For clouds of
sufficient He-ionizing photons Q(He0)/Q(H0) >~ 0.15 and non-negligible width of
the Stromgren sphere a significant overestimate of helium abundances may
result. Such clouds show radiation softness parameters in the range -0.4 <~
log(eta) <~ 0.3 coincident with the range of eta in observed HII-regions.
Existing data of HII-regions indeed seem to display a correlation which is
consistent with a typical ~ 2-4% overestimate of helium abundances due to these
effects. In case such an interpretation prevails, and in the absence of other
compensating effects, a significant downward revision of Y_p may result. It is
argued that caution should be exercised regarding the validity of commonly
quoted error bars on Y_p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129031 </DOCNO>
The evolution of disk galaxies in clusters


  We are carrying out a programme to measure the evolution of the stellar and
dynamical masses and M/L ratios for a sizeable sample of
morphologically-classified disk galaxies in rich galaxy clusters at 0.2<z<0.9.
Using FORS2 at the VLT we are obtaining rotation curves for the cluster spirals
so that their Tully-Fisher relation can be studied as a function of redshift
and compared with that of field spirals. We already have rotation curves for 10
cluster spirals at z=0.83, and 25 field spirals at lower redshifts and we plan
to increase this sample by one order of magnitude. We present here the first
results of our study, and discuss the implications of our data in the context
of current ideas and models of galaxy formation and evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95942 </DOCNO>
On first exit times for homogeneous diffusion processes


  It is given an effective upper estimate of expectation of |T_1-T_2|, where
T_1 and T_2 are the first exit times from a region for two vector diffusion
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74757 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Standard Model: Model Building


  A noncommutative version of the usual electro-weak theory is constructed. We
discuss how to overcome the two major problems: 1) although we can have
noncommutative U(n) (which we denote by $U_{\star}(n)$) gauge theory we cannot
have noncommutative SU(n) and 2) the charges in noncommutative QED are
quantized to just $0, \pm 1$. We show how the problem with charge quantization,
as well as with the gauge group, can be resolved by taking $U_{\star}(3)\times
U_{\star}(2)\times U_{\star}(1)$ gauge group and reducing the extra U(1)
factors in an appropriate way. Then we proceed with building the noncommutative
version of the standard model by specifying the proper representations for the
entire particle content of the theory, the gauge bosons, the fermions and
Higgs. We also present the full action for the noncommutative Standard Model
(NCSM). In addition, among several peculiar features of our model, we address
the {\it inherent} CP violation and new neutrino interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129147 </DOCNO>
CS J = 7 -> 6 Mapping of Massive Star Formation Regions Associated with


  Twenty-four cores have been mapped in CS J = 7 -> 6 at the CSO. From the
spectra we determine core sizes and virial masses. Combining results from the
CS and dust continuum studies for M8E, we use Monte Carlo simulations for the
CS emission to determine radial profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5077 </DOCNO>
Impact ionization in GaAs: a screened exchange density functional


  Results are presented of a fully ab-initio calculation of impact ionization
rates in GaAs within the density functional theory framework, using a
screened-exchange formalism and the highly precise all-electron full-potential
linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method. The calculated impact
ionization rates show a marked orientation dependence in {\bf k} space,
indicating the strong restrictions imposed by the conservation of energy and
momentum. This anisotropy diminishes as the impacting electron energy
increases. A Keldysh type fit performed on the energy-dependent rate shows a
rather soft edge and a threshold energy greater than the direct band gap. The
consistency with available Monte Carlo and empirical pseudopotential
calculations shows the reliability of our approach and paves the way to
ab-initio calculations of pair production rates in new and more complex
materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125147 </DOCNO>
TANGO ARRAY An Air Shower Experiment in Buenos Aires


  A new Air Shower Observatory has been constructed in Buenos Aires during
1999, and commissioned and set in operation in 2000. The observatory consists
of an array of four water \v{C}erenkov detectors, enclosing a geometrical area
of $\sim$ 30.000 m$^{2}$, and is optimized for the observation of cosmic rays
in the ``knee'' energy region. The array detects $\sim$ 250 to $\sim$ 1500
showers/day, depending on the selected triggering condition. In this paper, the
design and construction of the array, and the automatic system for data
adquisition, daily calibration, and monitoring, are described. Also, the Monte
Carlo simulations performed to develop a shower database, as well as the
studies performed using the database to estimate the response and the angular
and energy resolutions of the array, are presented in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129119 </DOCNO>
Numerical Convergence of Hydrodynamical SPH Simulations of Cooling


  The results from hydrodynamical TREESPH simulations of galaxy clusters are
used to investigate the dependence of the final cluster X-ray properties upon
the numerical resolution and the assumed star formation models for the cooled
gas. A comparison between runs with different star formation methods shows that
the results of simulations, based on star formation methods in which gas
conversion into stars is controlled by an efficiency parameter c_{star}, are
sensitive to the simulation numerical resolution. In this respect star
formation methods based instead on a local density threshold, are shown to give
more stable results. Final X-ray luminosities are found to be numerically
stable, with uncertainties of a factor 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84046 </DOCNO>
On a Special Case of the Generalized Neighbourhood Problem


  For a given finite class of finite graphs H, a graph G is called a
realization of H if the neighbourhood of its any vertex induces the subgraph
isomorphic to a graph of H. We consider the following problem known as the
Generalized Neighbourhood Problem (GNP): given a finite class of finite graphs
H, does there exist a non-empty graph G that is a realization of H? In fact,
there are two modifications of that problem, namely the finite (the existence
of a finite realization is required) and infinite one (the realization is
required to be infinite). In this paper we show that GNP and its modifications
for all finite classes H of finite graphs are reduced to the same problems with
an additional restriction on H. Namely, the orders of any two graphs of H are
equal and every graph of H has exactly s dominating vertices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2974 </DOCNO>
Magnetoresistance of single-domain ferromagnetic particles


  We have performed magnetoresistance measurements on single-domain, submicron
elliptical Ni particles using nonmagnetic probes in a four probe geometry at
liquid helium temperatures. In the smallest particles, the magnetoresistance
shows sharp jumps which are associated with the switching of individual
domains. Using an anisotropic magnetoresistance model, we can reconstruct
hysteresis loops of the normalized magnetization. The remanent magnetization in
zero applied magnetic field is typically 15 percent less than the saturation
magnetization. This relaxation of the magnetization may be due to surface
effects or crystal grain structure in the particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4486 </DOCNO>
Image-potential band-gap narrowing at a metal/semiconductor interface


  GW approximation is used to systematically revisit the image-potential
band-gap narrowing at metal/semiconductor interfaces proposed by Inkson in the
1970's. Here we have questioned how the narrowing as calculated from
quasi-particle energy spectra for the jellium/Si interface depends on $r_s$ of
the jellium. The gap narrowing is found to only weakly depend on $r_s$ (i.e.,
narrowing $\simeq 0.3$ eV even for a large $r_s = 6)$. Hence we can turn to
smaller polarizability in the semiconductor side as an important factor in
looking for larger narrowing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86190 </DOCNO>
The present moment in quantum cosmology: challenges to the arguments for


  Barbour, Hawking, Misner and others have argued that time cannot play an
essential role in the formulation of a quantum theory of cosmology. Here we
present three challenges to their arguments, taken from works and remarks by
Kauffman, Markopoulou and Newman. These can be seen to be based on two
principles: that every observable in a theory of cosmology should be measurable
by some observer inside the universe, and all mathematical constructions
necessary to the formulation of the theory should be realizable in a finite
time by a computer that fits inside the universe. We also briefly discuss how a
cosmological theory could be formulated so it is in agreement with these
principles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168000 </DOCNO>
Entanglement of transverse modes in a pendular cavity


  We study the phenomena that arise in the transverse structure of
electromagnetic field impinging on a linear Fabry-Perot cavity with an
oscillating end mirror. We find quantum correlations among transverse modes
which can be considered as a signature of their entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76305 </DOCNO>
BRST symmetries in SU(3) linear sigma model


  We study the BRST symmetries in the SU(3) linear sigma model which is
constructed through introduction of a novel matrix for the Goldstone boson
fields satisfying geometrical constraints embedded in SU(2) subgroup. To treat
these constraints we exploit the improved Dirac quantization scheme. We also
discuss phenomenological aspacts in the mean field approach to this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74681 </DOCNO>
Do SNe Ia Provide Direct Evidence for Past Deceleration of the Universe?


  Observations of SN 1997ff at z ~ 1.7 favor the accelerating Universe
interpretation of the high-redshift type Ia supernova data over simple models
of intergalactic dust or SN luminosity evolution. Taken at face-value, they
provide direct lines of evidence that the Universe was decelerating in the
past, an expected but untested feature of the current cosmological model. We
show that the strength of this conclusion depends upon the nature of the dark
energy causing the present acceleration. Only for a cosmological constant is
the SNe evidence definitive. Using a new test which is independent of the
contents of the Universe, we show that the SN data favor recent acceleration (z
< 0.5) and past deceleration (z > 0.5).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3402 </DOCNO>
Theory of the Quantum Hall Smectic Phase II


  We present a microscopic derivation of the hydrodynamic theory of the Quantum
Hall smectic or stripe phase of a two-dimensional electron gas in a large
magnetic field. The effective action of the low energy is derived here from a
microscopic picture by integrating out high energy excitations with a scale of
the order the cyclotron energy.The remaining low-energy theory can be expressed
in terms of two canonically conjugate sets of degrees of freedom: the
displacement field, that describes the fluctuations of the shapes of the
stripes, and the local charge fluctuations on each stripe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5928 </DOCNO>
A metallic phase in quantum Hall systems


  The electronic eigenstates of a quantum Hall (QH) system are chiral states.
Strong inter-Landau-band mixings among these states can occur when the
bandwidth is comparable to the spacing of two adjacent Landau bands. We show
that mixing of localized states with opposite chirality can delocalize
electronic states. Based on numerical results, we propose the existence of a
metallic phase between two adjacent QH phases and between a QH phase and the
insulating phase. This result is consistent with non-scaling behaviors observed
in recent experiments on quantum-Hall-liquid-to-insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168111 </DOCNO>
Unusual bound or localized states


  We summarize unusual bound or localized states in quantum mechanics. Our
guide through these intriguing phenomena is the classical physics of the
upside-down pendulum. Taking advantage of the analogy between the corresponding
Newton's equation of motion and the time-independent Schr\"{o}dinger equation,
we discuss the zero-energy ground state in a three-dimensional, spatially
oscillating, potential. Moreover, we focus on the effect of the attractive
quantum anti-centrifugal potential that only occurs in a two-dimensional
situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74484 </DOCNO>
PDF uncertainties: A strong test of goodness of fit to multiple data


  We present a new criterion for the goodness of global fits. It involves an
exploration of the variation of \chi^2 for subsets of data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179575 </DOCNO>
Relativisitic mean field theory of surface pion condensation in finite


  We study the possible occurrence of surface pion condensation in finite
nuclei in the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory. We are led to this
conjecture due to the essential role of pions in few-body systems and the
recent (p,n) experiments performed at RCNP for spin-isospin excitations of
medium and heavy nuclei. We calculate explicitly various N=Z closed shell
nuclei with finite pion mean field in the RMF framework and demonstrate the
actual occurrence of surface pion condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169467 </DOCNO>
Vacuum squeezing in atomic media with self-rotation


  When linearly polarized light propagates through a medium which causes
self-rotation of elliptically polarized light, squeezed vacuum is produced in
the orthogonal polarization. A simple relationship between the self-rotation
angle for a given ellipticity and the degree of squeezing is developed. Taking
into account absorption, we find the optimum condition for squeezing for any
medium which causes self-rotation. Next, we analyze squeezing when the medium
consists of a vapor of idealized, four-level atoms. Finally, we consider a
medium consisting of a gas of multi-level Rb atoms, and analyze squeezing for
light tuned near the D-lines under realistic conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126075 </DOCNO>
ASCA observations of massive medium-distant clusters of galaxies. II


  We have selected seven medium-distant clusters of galaxies (z ~ 0.1 - 0.3)
for multi-wavelength observations with the goal of investigating their
dynamical state. Following Paper I (Pierre et al. 1999) which reported the ASCA
results about two of them, we present here the analysis of the ASCA
observations of the other five clusters; RXJ1023.8-2715 (A3444),
RXJ1031.6-2607, RXJ1050.5-0236 (A1111), RXJ1203.2-2131(A1451), and
RXJ1314.5-2517. Except for RXJ1031.6, whose X-ray emission turned out to be
dominated by an AGN, the ASCA spectra are well fitted by a one-temperature thin
thermal plasma model. We compare the temperature-luminosity relation of our
clusters with that of nearby ones (z<0.1). Two clusters, RXJ1050.5 and
RXJ1023.8, show larger luminosities than the bulk of clusters at similar
temperatures, which suggests the presence of a cooling flow. The temperature
vs. iron-abundance relationship of our sample is consistent with that of nearby
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113477 </DOCNO>
Problems connected with electrons trajectory in separated atom


  The time-dependent electromagnetic field can results both pair waves and pair
particles. It can be for mathematical relations between two functions with
identical argument and difference of phases equal to $\pi$. Two examples both
the opportunity of phase synchronism for different frequencies of at atom-field
interaction with known abnormal dispersion of refraction and the possible
trajectories for pair particles are considered. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124338 </DOCNO>
NICMOS Observations of Extragalactic Cepheids. I. Photometry Database


  We present the results of near-infrared observations of extragalactic
Cepheids made with the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer on
board the Hubble Space Telescope. The variables are located in the galaxies IC
1613, IC 4182, M 31, M 81, M 101, NGC 925, NGC 1365, NGC 2090, NGC 3198, NGC
3621, NGC 4496A and NGC 4536. All fields were observed in the F160W bandpass;
additional images were obtained in the F110W and F205W filters. Photometry was
performed using the DAOPHOT II/ALLSTAR package.
  Self-consistent distance moduli and color excesses were obtained by fitting
Period-Luminosity relations in the H, I and V bands. Our results support the
assumption of a standard reddening law adopted by the HST Key Project on the
Extragalactic Distance Scale. A companion paper will determine true distance
moduli and explore the effects of metallicity on the Cepheid distance scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128129 </DOCNO>
A white dwarf with a low magnetic field in the IP RXJ0028.8+5917/V709Cas


  We report the first detailed spectroscopic observations of the recently
identified intermediate polar RXJ0028.8+5917/V709 Cas. We discovered that the
system shows significant EW ~ (2-4)A broad absorptions, affecting the Balmer
lines from Hdelta to Hbeta. These broad absorptions are interpreted as the
contribution of an underlying DA logg=8 white dwarf at a temperature of ~ 23
000 K, contributing ~ 17 % (at 4500 A) to the overall flux. This is the first
direct detection of a white dwarf in an intermediate polar system. The absence
of significant Zeeman splitting indicates a magnetic field lower than 10 MG,
confirming that, at least in some cases, intermediate polars have weaker fields
than polars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125466 </DOCNO>
Hidden Broad Line Seyfert 2 Galaxies in the CfA and 12micron Samples


  We report the results of a spectropolarimetric survey of the CfA and 12micron
samples of Seyfert 2 galaxies (S2s). Polarized (hidden) broad line regions
(HBLRs) are confirmed in a number of galaxies, and several new cases
(F02581-1136, MCG -3-58-7, NGC 5995, NGC 6552, NGC 7682) are reported. The
12micron S2 sample shows a significantly higher incidence of HBLR (50%) than
its CfA counterpart (30%), suggesting that the latter may be incomplete in
hidden AGNs. Compared to the non-HBLR S2s, the HBLR S2s display distinctly
higher radio power relative to their far-infrared output and hotter dust
temperature as indicated by the f25/f60 color. However, the level of
obscuration is indistinguishable between the two types of S2. These results
strongly support the existence of two intrinsically different populations of
S2: one harboring an energetic, hidden S1 nucleus with BLR, and the other, a
``pure S2'', with weak or absent S1 nucleus and a strong, perhaps dominating
starburst component. Thus, the simple purely orientation-based unification
model is not applicable to all Seyfert galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128810 </DOCNO>
Scaling relations of supersonic turbulence in star-forming molecular


  We present a direct numerical and analytical study of driven supersonic MHD
turbulence that is believed to govern the dynamics of star-forming molecular
clouds. We describe statistical properties of the turbulence by measuring the
velocity difference structure functions up to the fifth order. In particular,
the velocity power spectrum in the inertial range is found to be close to E(k)
\~ k^{-1.74}, and the velocity difference scales as <|\Delta u|>~ L^{0.42}. The
results agree well with the Kolmogorov--Burgers analytical model suggested for
supersonic turbulence in [astro-ph/0108300]. We then generalize the model to
more realistic, fractal structure of molecular clouds, and show that depending
on the fractal dimension of a given molecular cloud, the theoretical value for
the velocity spectrum spans the interval [-1.74 ... -1.89], while the
corresponding window for the velocity difference scaling exponent is [0.42 ...
0.78].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125723 </DOCNO>
Testing Tidal-Torque Theory: II. Alignment of Inertia and Shear and the


  We investigate the cross-talk between the two key components of tidal-torque
theory, the inertia (I) and shear (T) tensors, using a cosmological N-body
simulation with thousands of well-resolved haloes. We find that the principal
axes of I and T are strongly aligned, even though I characterizes the
proto-halo locally while T is determined by the large-scale structure. Thus,
the resultant galactic spin, which plays a key role in galaxy formation, is
only a residual due to ~10 per cent deviations from perfect alignment of T and
I. The T-I correlation induces a weak tendency for the proto-halo spin to be
perpendicular to the major axes of T and I, but this correlation is erased by
non-linear effects at late times, making the observed spins poor indicators of
the initial shear field. However, the T-I correlation implies that the shear
tensor can be used for identifying the positions and boundaries of proto-haloes
in cosmological initial conditions -- a missing piece in galaxy formation
theory. The typical configuration is of a prolate proto-halo lying
perpendicular to a large-scale high-density ridge, with the surrounding voids
inducing compression along the major and intermediate inertia axes of the
proto-halo. This leads to a transient sub-halo filament along the large-scale
ridge, whose sub-clumps then flow along the filament and merge into the final
halo. The centres of proto-haloes tend to lie in ~1 sigma over-density regions,
but their association with linear density maxima smoothed on galactic scales is
vague: only ~40 per cent of the proto-haloes contain peaks within them. Several
other characteristics distinguish proto-haloes from density peaks, e.g., they
tend to compress along two principal axes while many peaks compress along three
axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72372 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Color Superconductivity


  I discuss some aspects of recent developments in color superconductivity in
high density quark matter. I calculate the Cooper pair gap and the critical
points at high density, where magnetic gluons are not screened. The ground
state of high density QCD with three light flavors is shown to be a
color-flavor locking state, which can be mapped into the low-density hadronic
phase. The meson mass at the CFL superconductor is also calculated. The CFL
color superconductor is bosonized, where the Fermi sea is identified as a
$Q$-matter and the gapped quarks as topological excitations, called
superqualitons, of mesons. Finally, as an application of color
supercoductivity, I discuss the neutrino interactions in the CFL color
superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81106 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of SU(3) gauge theory on anisotropic lattices


  Finite temperature SU(3) gauge theory is studied on anisotropic lattices
using the standard plaquette gauge action. The equation of state is calculated
on $16^{3} \times 8$, $20^{3} \times 10$ and $24^{3} \times 12$ lattices with
the anisotropy $\xi \equiv a_s / a_t = 2$, where $a_s$ and $a_t$ are the
spatial and temporal lattice spacings. Unlike the case of the isotropic lattice
on which $N_t=4$ data deviate significantly from the leading scaling behavior,
the pressure and energy density on an anisotropic lattice are found to satisfy
well the leading $1/N_t^2$ scaling from our coarsest lattice, $N_t/\xi=4$. With
three data points at $N_t/\xi=4$, 5 and 6, we perform a well controlled
continuum extrapolation of the equation of state. Our results in the continuum
limit agree with a previous result from isotropic lattices using the same
action, but have smaller and more reliable errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150310 </DOCNO>
Standard-like Model from D=4 Type IIB Orbifolds


  Based on the twisted R-R tadpole cancellation conditions at the singularities
of D=4 Type IIB orbifold $T^6/ Z_3$, we propose a new bottom-up approach to
embed standard model with three generations into string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150002 </DOCNO>
On ekpyrotic brane collisions


  We derive the five-dimensional metrics which describe a non-singular boundary
brane collision in the ekpyrotic scenario in the context of general relativity,
taking into account brane tension. We show that the metrics constrain matter
created in the collision to have negative energy density or pressure. In
particular, the minimal field content of heterotic M-theory leads to negative
energy density. We also consider bulk brane-boundary brane collisions and show
that the collapse of the fifth dimension is an artifact of the four-dimensional
effective theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179720 </DOCNO>
Glauber model for heavy ion collisions from low energies to high


  The Glauber model is extensively applied to heavy ion collision for
describing a number of interaction processes over a wide range of energies from
near the Coulomb barrier to higher energies. The model gives the
nucleus-nucleus interaction in terms of interaction between the constituent
nucleons with a given density distribution. The model is a semiclassical model
picturing the nuclear collision in the impact parameter representation where
the nuclei move along the collision direction in a straight path. In these
lectures we derive this model and discuss its applications in variety of
problems in nuclear and high energy physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86253 </DOCNO>
Metric-based Hamiltonians, null boundaries, and isolated horizons


  We extend the quasilocal (metric-based) Hamiltonian formulation of general
relativity so that it may be used to study regions of spacetime with null
boundaries. In particular we use this generalized Brown-York formalism to study
the physics of isolated horizons. We show that the first law of isolated
horizon mechanics follows directly from the first variation of the Hamiltonian.
This variation is not restricted to the phase space of solutions to the
equations of motion but is instead through the space of all (off-shell)
spacetimes that contain isolated horizons. We find two-surface integrals
evaluated on the horizons that are consistent with the Hamiltonian and which
define the energy and angular momentum of these objects. These are closely
related to the corresponding Komar integrals and for Kerr-Newman spacetime are
equal to the corresponding ADM/Bondi quantities. Thus, the energy of an
isolated horizon calculated by this method is in agreement with that recently
calculated by Ashtekar and collaborators but not the same as the corresponding
quasilocal energy defined by Brown and York. Isolated horizon mechanics and
Brown-York thermodynamics are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96388 </DOCNO>
Number operators for Riemannian manifolds


  The Dirac operator d+delta on the Hodge complex of a Riemannian manifold is
regarded as an annihilation operator A. On a weighted space L_mu^2 Omega,
[A,A*] acts as multiplication by a positive constant on excited states if and
only if the logarithm of the measure density of mu satisfies a pair of
equations. The equations are equivalent to the existence of a harmonic distance
function on M. Under these conditions N=A*A has spectrum containing the
nonnegative integers. Nonflat, nonproduct examples are given. The results are
summarized as a quantum version of the Cheeger--Gromoll splitting theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127087 </DOCNO>
Toward a Measurement of the Cosmological Geometry at z~2: Predicting


  The correlation between Lyman-alpha absorption in the spectra of quasar pairs
can be used to measure the transverse distance scale at z~2, which is sensitive
to the cosmological constant (Omega_Lambda) or other forms of vacuum energy.
Using Hydro-PM simulations, I compute the three-dimensional power spectrum of
the Lyman-alpha forest flux, P_F(k,mu), from which the redshift-space
anisotropy of the correlation can be obtained. I find that box size ~40 Mpc/h
and resolution ~40 Kpc/h are necessary for convergence of the calculations to
<5% on all relevant scales, although somewhat poorer resolution can be used for
large scales. I compute directly the linear theory bias parameters of the
Lyman-alpha forest, potentially allowing simulation results to be extended to
arbitrarily large scales. I investigate the dependence of P_F(k,mu) on the
primordial power spectrum, the temperature-density relation of the gas, and the
mean flux decrement, finding that the redshift-space anisotropy is relatively
insensitive to these parameters. A table of results is provided for different
parameter variations. I investigate the constraint that can be obtained on
Omega_Lambda using quasars from a large survey. Assuming 13 (theta/1')^2 pairs
at separation <theta, and including separations <10', a measurement to <5% can
be made if simulations can predict the redshift-space anisotropy with <5%
accuracy, or to <10% if the anisotropy must be measured from the data. The
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will obtain spectra for a factor ~5 fewer pairs
than this, so followup observations of fainter pair candidates will be
necessary. I discuss the requirements on spectral resolution and
signal-to-noise ratio (SDSS-quality spectra are sufficient).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95665 </DOCNO>
Sharp estimates for Brownian non-intersection probabilities


  This paper gives an accessible (but still technical) self-contained proof to
the fact that the intersection probabilities for planar Brownian motion are
given in terms of the intersection exponents, up to a bounded multiplicative
error, and some closely related results. While most of the results are already
known, the proofs are somewhat new, and the paper can serve as a source for the
estimates used in our paper on the analyticity of the Brownian intersection
exponents (math.PR/0005295).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97798 </DOCNO>
Symplectic genus, minimal genus and diffeomorphisms


  In this paper, the symplectic genus for any 2-dimensional class in a
4-manifold admitting a symplectic structure is introduced, and its relation
with the minimal genus is studied. It is used to describe which classes in
rational and irrational ruled manifolds are realized by connected symplectic
surfaces. In particular, we completely determine which classes with square at
least -1 in such manifolds can be represented by embedded spheres. Moreover,
based on a new characterization of the action of the diffeomorphism group on
the intersection forms of a rational manifold, we are able to determine the
orbits of the diffeomorphism group on the set of classes represented by
embedded spheres of square at least -1 in any 4-manifold admitting a symplectic
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179341 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian hierarchy and the Hulthen potential


  We deal with the Hamiltonian hierarchy problem of the Hulth\'{e}n potential
within the frame of the supersymmetric quantum mechanics and find that the
associated superymmetric partner potentials simulate the effect of the
centrifugal barrier. Incorporating the supersymmetric solutions and using the
first-order perturbation theory we obtain an expression for the energy levels
of theHulth\'{e}n potential which gives satisfactory values for the non-zero
angular momentum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129721 </DOCNO>
Faraday Rotation Effect of Intracluster Magnetic Field on Cosmic


  The observed magnetic field of microgauss strength in clusters of galaxies
should induce the Faraday rotation effect on the linearly polarized cosmic
microwave background (CMB) radiation when the CMB radiation propagates through
a cluster at low redshift. Employing the Press-Schechter prescription for the
cluster abundance under the cold dark matter (CDM) scenario and a plausible
isothermal $\beta$-model for the gas distribution, we compute angular power
spectra of the CMB polarization fields including the Faraday rotation mixing
effect under the simple assumption of uniform magnetic field configuration
across a cluster. As a result, we find that a parity-odd B-type polarization
pattern is statistically generated on the observed sky, even when the primary
polarization only contains the parity-even E-mode component, such as in the
case of pure scalar perturbations. The generated B-type polarization has a peak
with amplitude of $\sim0.1 \mu{\rm K}(B_0/0.1 \mu{\rm G})(\nu_0/10 {\rm
GHz})^{-2}$ at angular scales of $l\approx 1000$ for the currently favored
adiabatic $\Lambda$CDM model. This result also implies that, if the magnetic
field has a $0.5 \mu{\rm G}$ strength and we observe at lower frequencies such
as $\nu_0\simlt 5 {\rm GHz}$, the secondary signal due to the Faraday rotation
effect could be comparable to the magnitude of the primary polarization. The
frequency dependence of the Faraday rotation can be then used to discriminate
the effect from primary and other secondary signals on the CMB polarizations.
Our results therefore offer a new empirical opportunity to measure or constrain
the intracluster magnetic field in the average sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4307 </DOCNO>
Highly clustered scale-free networks


  We propose a model for growing networks based on a finite memory of the
nodes. The model shows stylized features of real-world networks: power law
distribution of degree, linear preferential attachment of new links and a
negative correlation between the age of a node and its link attachment rate.
Notably, the degree distribution is conserved even though only the most
recently grown part of the network is considered. This feature is relevant
because real-world networks truncated in the same way exhibit a power-law
distribution in the degree. As the network grows, the clustering reaches an
asymptotic value larger than for regular lattices of the same average
connectivity. These high-clustering scale-free networks indicate that memory
effects could be crucial for a correct description of the dynamics of growing
networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72417 </DOCNO>
High-energy interaction with the nucleus in the perturbative QCD with


  The BFKL fan diagram equation for the scattering on the nucleus is solved
numerically with the eikonalized initial condition and for a realistic nuclear
density. The gluon density has a soliton-like form in the $\log q - y$ space.
Inclusive cross-sections for jet production in hA and AB collisions are
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5346 </DOCNO>
Stability and collapse of a coupled Bose-Einstein condensate


  The dynamics of a coupled Bose-Einstein condensate involving trapped atoms in
two quantum states is studied using the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii
equation including an interaction which can transform atoms from one state to
the other. We find interesting oscillation of the number of atoms in each of
the states. For all repulsive interactions, stable condensates are formed. When
some of the atomic interactions are attractive, the possibility of collapse is
studied by including an absorptive contact interaction and a quartic three-body
recombination term. One or both components of the condensate may undergo
collapse when one or more of the nonlinear terms are attractive in nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126558 </DOCNO>
Global star formation history: A Local Group perspective


  The global star formation rate (SFR) density is estimated from the star
formation histories (SFHs) of Local Group galaxies. This is found to be broadly
consistent with estimates of the global SFH from existing redshift surveys for
two favoured cosmologies. It also provides additional evidence for a relatively
constant global SFR density at high redshift (z>1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128086 </DOCNO>
Interaction Models for GRB Afterglows


  We review interaction models for GRB afterglows, with an eye on constraining
the nature of their progenitors and the geometry of explosion. Evidence is
presented for two types of progenitors. The radio afterglow of GRB 980425/SN
1998bw and the multi-frequency observations of GRB 970508 can be fitted by a
blast wave expanding into a wind-type medium, pointing to a massive star
progenitor. The broadband afterglow data of GRBs 990123 and 990510 are better
modeled by a jet expanding into a constant-density medium, implying a compact
star merger origin. Among other well observed GRBs, the jet model appears to be
more widely applicable than the wind model, although some cases are ambiguous.
The model fits often require a deviation of the energy distribution of the
radiating electrons from the commonly assumed single power-law form,
particularly for sources with a rapid decline and/or pronounced steepening in
the optical light curves. Transition to non-relativistic evolution has been
suggested as an alternative explanation for the light curve steepening,
although to produce steepening on the order of days or less would require very
high ambient densities, which are generally difficult to reconcile with radio
observations. Major open issues include the hydrodynamics of jet-ambient medium
interaction, a self-consistent determination of the electron energy
distribution, and the effects of pair production on the early afterglows which
are expected to be particularly large for the wind interaction model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5712 </DOCNO>
Optimized Forest-Ruth- and Suzuki-like algorithms for integration of


  An approach is proposed to improve the efficiency of fourth-order algorithms
for numerical integration of the equations of motion in molecular dynamics
simulations. The approach is based on an extension of the decomposition scheme
by introducing extra evolution subpropagators. The extended set of parameters
of the integration is then determined by reducing the norm of truncation terms
to a minimum. In such a way, we derive new explicit symplectic Forest-Ruth- and
Suzuki-like integrators and present them in time-reversible velocity and
position forms. It is proven that these optimized integrators lead to the best
accuracy in the calculations at the same computational cost among all possible
algorithms of the fourth order from a given decomposition class. It is shown
also that the Forest-Ruth-like algorithms, which are based on direct
decomposition of exponential propagators, provide better optimization than
their Suzuki-like counterparts which represent compositions of second-order
schemes. In particular, using our optimized Forest-Ruth-like algorithms allows
us to increase the efficiency of the computations more than in ten times with
respect to that of the original integrator by Forest and Ruth, and
approximately in five times with respect to Suzuki's approach. The theoretical
predictions are confirmed in molecular dynamics simulations of a Lennard-Jones
fluid. A special case of the optimization of the proposed Forest-Ruth-like
algorithms to celestial mechanics simulations is considered as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1414 </DOCNO>
Pattern formation and scaling regimes in a metastable gradient driven


  We explore the properties of a gradient driven sandpile in two dimensions
with a toppling rule which generates metastable states and a time ordering of
the topplings. The metastable sites are found to arrange in a quasi-one
dimensional structure with scaling properties, while the approach to the
stationary regime is likewise characterized by scaling behaviour. This variant
of the sandpile model accordingly serves as an explicit demonstration of local
dynamics giving rise to emergent large scale inhomogenous structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41491 </DOCNO>
Nuclear transparency from quasielastic A(e,e'p) reactions uo to Q^2=8.1


  The quasielastic (e,e$^\prime$p) reaction was studied on targets of
deuterium, carbon, and iron up to a value of momentum transfer $Q^2$ of 8.1
(GeV/c)$^2$. A nuclear transparency was determined by comparing the data to
calculations in the Plane-Wave Impulse Approximation. The dependence of the
nuclear transparency on $Q^2$ and the mass number $A$ was investigated in a
search for the onset of the Color Transparency phenomenon. We find no evidence
for the onset of Color Transparency within our range of $Q^2$. A fit to the
world's nuclear transparency data reflects the energy dependence of the free
proton-nucleon cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3215 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Simulations of Trapped Bose Gases at Finite Temperatures


  In this paper, we develop a numerical procedure for investigating the
dynamics of trapped Bose gases based on the ZGN theory. The dynamical equations
used consist of a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate
order parameter and a semiclassical kinetic equation for the thermal cloud. The
former is solved using a fast Fourier transform split-operator technique while
the Boltzmann equation is treated by means of N-body simulations. The two
components are coupled by mean fields as well as collisional processes that
transfer atoms between the two. This scheme has been applied to a model
equilibration problem, dipole oscillations in isotropic traps and scissors
modes in anisotropic traps. In the case of the latter, the frequencies and
damping rates of the condensate mode have been extracted from the simulations
for a wide range of temperatures. Good agreement with recent experiments has
been found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174804 </DOCNO>
First results from RHIC: What are they telling us?


  The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility at Brookhaven National
Laboratory is the first accelerator specifically constructed for the study of
very hot and dense nuclear matter. At sufficiently high temperature, nuclear
matter is expected to undergo a phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma. It is
the specific goal of the field to study the nature of this plasma and
understand the phase transitions between different states. The RHIC accelerator
along with four experiments BRAHMS, PHENIX, PHOBOS, and STAR were commissioned
last year with first collisions occurring in June 2000. Presented here are the
first results from low luminosity beam in Run I. They are a glimpse of the
wealth of physics to be extracted from the RHIC program over the next several
years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81052 </DOCNO>
A New Solution to Ginsparg-Wilson Relation from Generalized Staggered


  A generalized anti-hermitian staggered Dirac operator is formulated. Its
relation with noncommutative geometry is briefly reviewed. Once this
anti-hermitian operator is modified to be ``$\gamma^5$-hermitian'', it will
provide a new solution to Ginsparg-Wilson relation, basing on an abstract
algebraic analysis of Neuberger's overlap construction and a redefinition of
chirality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1537 </DOCNO>
Carbon substitution effect in MgB$_2$


  We investigated carbon substitution effect on boron plane of superconducting
MgB$_2$. MgB$_2$ and MgB$_{1.8}$C$_{0.2}$ samples are synthesized under high
pressure furnace. MgB$_{1.8}$C$_{0.2}$ are characterized as AlB$_2$-type single
phase with smaller B-B distance. During the superconducting transition, two
distinct onset temperatures are observed in MgB$_{1.8}$C$_{0.2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7227 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on ``Absence of electron dephasing at zero


  We explain why the objections raised by Golubev et al. in a comment on
cond-mat/0111398 are not valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1579 </DOCNO>
Radial Distribution Function of Rodlike Polyelectrolytes


  We study the effect of electrostatic interactions on the distribution
function of the end-to-end distance of a single polyelectrolyte chain in a
rodlike configuration. We investigate the validity of the concept of
electrostatic persistence length for uniformly charged wormlike chains for both
screened and unscreened Coulomb interactions. We find that the distribution
function of a polyelectrolyte often differs significantly from the distribution
function of a wormlike chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41678 </DOCNO>
Heavy-quark parton distribution functions and their uncertainties


  We investigate the uncertainties of the heavy-quark parton distribution
functions in the variable flavor number scheme. Because the charm- and
bottom-quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) are constructed predominantly
from the gluon PDF, it is a common practice to assume that the heavy-quark and
gluon uncertainties are the same. We show that this approximation is a
reasonable first guess, but it is better for bottom quarks than charm quarks.
We calculate the PDF uncertainty for t-channel single-top-quark production
using the Hessian matrix method, and predict a cross section of 2.12+0.32-0.29
pb at run II of the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74335 </DOCNO>
Monopole Problem and Extensions of Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation


  We discuss, in the context of a concrete supersymmetric grand unified model
based on the Pati-Salam gauge group SU(4)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R, two "natural"
extensions of supersymmetric hybrid inflation, which avoid the cosmological
disaster encountered in the standard hybrid inflationary scenario from the
overproduction of monopoles at the end of inflation. Successful "reheating"
which satisfies the gravitino constraint takes place after the end of
inflation. Also, adequate baryogenesis via a primordial leptogenesis occurs
consistently with the solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation data as well
as the SU(4)_c symmetry. Moreover, the mu-term is generated via a Peccei-Quinn
symmetry and proton is practically stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148427 </DOCNO>
Multipolar Expansions for the Relativistic N-Body Problem in the


  Dixon's multipoles for a system of N relativistic positive-energy scalar
particles are evaluated in the rest-frame instant form of dynamics. The Wigner
hyperplanes (intrinsic rest frame of the isolated system) turn out to be the
natural framework for describing multipole kinematics. In particular, concepts
like the {\it barycentric tensor of inertia} can be defined in special
relativity only by means of the quadrupole moments of the isolated system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4568 </DOCNO>
Heat transport in SrCu_2(BO_3)_2 and CuGeO_3


  In the low dimensional spin systems SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ and CuGeO$_3$ the
thermal conductivities along different crystal directions show pronounced
double-peak structures and strongly depend on magnetic fields. For
SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ the experimental data can be described by a purely
phononic heat current and resonant scattering of phonons by magnetic
excitations. A similar effect seems to be important in CuGeO$_3$, too but, in
addition, a magnetic contribution to the heat transport may be present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95762 </DOCNO>
Orbit complexity, initial data sensitivity and weakly chaotic dynamical


  We give a definition of generalized indicators of sensitivity to initial
conditions and orbit complexity (a measure of the information that is necessary
to describe the orbit of a given point).
  The well known Ruelle-Pesin and Brin-Katok theorems, combined with Brudno's
theorem give a relation between initial data sensitivity and orbit complexity
that is generalized in the present work.
  The generalized relation implies that the set of points where the sensitivity
to initial conditions is more than exponential in all directions is a 0
dimensional set. The generalized relation is then applied to the study of an
important example of weakly chaotic dynamics: the Manneville map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97317 </DOCNO>
$\pi_1$-classification of real arrangements with up to eight lines


  One of the open questions in the geometry of line arrangements is to what
extent does the incidence lattice of an arrangement determine its fundamental
group. Line arrangements of up to 6 lines were recently classified by K.M. Fan,
and it turns out that the incidence lattice of such arrangements determines the
projective fundamental group. We use actions on the set of wiring diagrams,
introduced in [GTV] (math.AG/0107178), to classify real arrangements of up to 8
lines. In particular, we show that the incidence lattice of such arrangements
determines both the affine and the projective fundamental groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149557 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theory On The Fuzzy Torus


  In this paper a formulation of U(1) gauge theory on a fuzzy torus is
discussed. The theory is regulated in both the infrared and ultraviolet. It can
be thought of as a non-commutative version of lattice gauge theory on a
periodic lattice. The construction of Wilson loops is particularly transparent
in this formulation. Following Ishibashi, Iso, Kawai and Kitazawa, we show that
certain Fourier modes of open Wilson lines are gauge invariant. We also
introduce charged matter fields which can be thought of as fundamentals of the
gauge group. These particles behave like charges in a strong magnetic field and
are frozen into the lowest Landau levels. The resulting system is a simple
matrix quantum mechanics which should reflect much of the physics of charged
particles in strong magnetic fields.
  The present results were first presented as a talk at the Institute for
Mathematical Science, Chennai, India; the author wishes to thank Prof. T. R.
Govindarajan and the IMS for hospitality and financial support, and the
audience for pointing me out the work of Ambjorn, Makeenko, Nishimura and
Szabo. The author is also grateful to the organizers of the Summer School in
Modern Mathematical Physics, Sokobanja, Serbia, Yugoslavia, for financial
support and hospitality during presentation of the present work at
international conference FILOMAT 2001, Nis, Yugoslavia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75628 </DOCNO>
Diffraction Dissociation in QCD and Light-Cone Wavefunctions


  The diffractive dissociation of a hadron at high energies, by either Coulomb
or Pomeron exchange, has a natural description in QCD as the materialization of
the projectile's light-cone wavefunctions; in particular, the diffractive
dissociation of a meson, baryon, or photon into high transverse momentum jets
measures the shape and other features of the projectile's distribution
amplitude. Diffractive dissociation can thus test fundamental properties of
QCD, including color transparency and intrinsic charm. All of these effects
have an impact on exclusive decays of $B$ mesons and the study of $CP$
violation. I also discuss recent work which shows that the structure functions
measured in deep inelastic lepton scattering are affected by final-state
rescattering, thus modifying their connection to light-cone probability
distributions. In particular, the shadowing of nuclear structure functions is
due to destructive interference effects from leading-twist diffraction of the
virtual photon, physics not included in the nuclear light-cone wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168632 </DOCNO>
"Quantal" behavior in classical probability


  Phenomena generally believed specific to quantum mechanics -- the
incompatibility and value-indeterminacy of variables, the non-existence of
dispersion-free states, the failure of the standard marginal-probability
formula, and the failure of the distributive law of disjunction
(``interference'') -- are exemplified in a fully non-quantal setting: Sequences
of events in a nondeterministic system of more than one variable (a deck of
playing cards).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168519 </DOCNO>
The Two-State Vector Formalism of Qauntum Mechanics


  In this paper we present the two-state vector formalism of quantum mechanics.
It is a time-symmetrized approach to standard quantum theory particularly
helpful for the analysis of experiments performed on pre- and post-selected
ensembles. Several peculiar effects which naturally arise in this approach are
considered. In particular, the concept of ``weak measurements'' (standard
measurements with weakening of the interaction) is discussed in depth revealing
a very unusual but consistent picture. Also, a design of a gedanken experiment
which implements a kind of quantum ``time machine'' is described. The issue of
time-symmetry in the context of the two-state vector formalism is clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168997 </DOCNO>
A nonlocal classical perspective on quantum electrodynamics


  The ideas behind the nonlocal classical statistical field theory model for
the quantized Klein-Gordon field introduced in Morgan(2001, quant-ph/0106141)
are extended to accommodate quantum electrodynamics. The anticommutation rules
for the quantized Dirac spinor field are given a classical interpretation as a
relativistically covariant modification of the minimal coupling interaction
between the classical electromagnetic field and a classical Dirac spinor field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 515 </DOCNO>
Stability of exact solutions of the defocusing nonlinear Schrodinger


  The cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation with repulsive nonlinearity and
elliptic function potential in two-dimensions models a repulsive dilute gas
Bose--Einstein condensate in a lattice potential. A family of exact stationary
solutions is presented and its stability is examined using analytical and
numerical methods. All stable trivial-phase solutions are off-set from the zero
level. Our results imply that a large number of condensed atoms is sufficient
to form a stable, periodic condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86359 </DOCNO>
Branes, Charge and Intersections


  This is a brief summary of lectures given at the Fourth Mexican School on
Gravitation and Mathematical Physics. The lectures gave an introduction to
branes in eleven-dimensional supergravity and in type IIA supergravities in
ten-dimensions. Charge conservation and the role of the so-called `Chern-Simons
terms' were emphasized. Known exact solutions were discussed and used to
provide insight into the question `Why don't fundamental strings fall off of
D-branes,' which is often asked by relativists. The following is a brief
overview of the lectures with an associated guide to the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129013 </DOCNO>
Normal Modes of Rotating Magnetic Stars


  We investigate the effect of a magnetic field on the global oscillation modes
of a rotating fluid star in the magnetohydrodynamic approximation. The
formalism which we present allows the mode computation for stars with an
arbitrary multipole magnetic field. Our formalism makes use of the
spin-weighted spherical harmonics and a phase-space mode decomposition
introduced by Sch01. As a simple example, we calculate the frequency
corrections to the r-modes of an incompressible fluid star due to a weak,
homogeneous magnetic field, where the magnetic field axis is misaligned with
the spin axis. In the weak-field limit, the spatial form of the r-mode velocity
perturbation is unchanged, but the magnitude of the frequency in the rotating
frame increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95722 </DOCNO>
The kernel of the modular representation and the Galois action in RCFT


  It is shown that for the modular representations associated to Rational
Conformal Field Theories, the kernel is a congruence subgroup whose level
equals the order of the Dehn-twist. An explicit algebraic characterization of
the kernel is given. It is also shown that the conductor, i.e. the order of the
Dehn-twist is bounded by a function of the number of primary fields, allowing
for a systematic enumeration of the modular representations coming from RCFTs.
Restrictions on the spectrum of the Dehn-twist and arithmetic properties of
modular matrix elements are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148473 </DOCNO>
Bouncing Branes


  Two classical scalar fields are minimally coupled to gravity in the
Kachru-Shulz-Silverstein scenario with a rolling fifth radius. A Tolman
wormhole solution is found for a R x S^3 brane with Lorentz metric and for a R
x AdS_3 brane with positive definite metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127979 </DOCNO>
Formation of a Proto-Quasar from Accretion Flows in a Halo


  We present a detailed model for the formation of massive objects at the
centers of galaxies. The effects of supernovae heating and the conditions of
gas loss are revisited. The escape time of the gas is compared with the cooling
time, which provides an additional condition not previously considered. Its
consequences for the allowed mass range of the halo is calculated. It is shown
that sufficient gas is retained to form massive dark objects and quasars even
for moderately massive halos but a decline is expected at low redshifts.
Subsequently, a gaseous disk forms with a radial extent of a ~kpc, spun up by
tidal torques and magnetized by supernovae fields with fields strengths of
$10-100 \mu G$. In a model of a self-similar accretion flow in an initially
dominant halo, it is shown that for typical halo parameters, about $10^8
M_\odot$ accretes via small magnetic stresses (or alternatively by self-gravity
induced instability or by alpha viscosity) in $10^8$ years into a compact
region. A model of a self-gravitating evolution of a compact magnetized disk,
which is relevant when a significant fraction of the disk mass falls in, is
presented, and it has a rapid collapse time scale of a million years. The two
disk solutions, one for accretion in an imposed halo potential and the other
for self-gravitating disk, obtained here, have general utility and can be
adapted to other contexts like protostellar disks as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85715 </DOCNO>
Detecting a non-Gaussian stochastic background of gravitational


  We derive a detection method for a stochastic background of gravitational
waves produced by events where the ratio of the average time between events to
the average duration of an event is large. Such a signal would sound something
like popcorn popping. Our derivation is based on the somewhat unrealistic
assumption that the duration of an event is smaller than the detector time
resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148434 </DOCNO>
Boundary Superstring Field Theory


  Using the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism we provide a detailed analysis of the
NS sector of boundary superstring field theory. We construct explicitly the
relevant BV structure and derive the master action. Furthermore, we show that
this action is exactly equal to the superdisk worldsheet partition function as
was recently conjectured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128789 </DOCNO>
Strong Relativistic Collisionless Shock


  A direct numerical simulation of a strong relativistic collisionless shock
propagating into an unmagnetized medium has been performed in two spatial
dimensions. It is found that: (i) collisionless shock exists, (ii) particle
acceleration is insignificant, (iii) the shock does not generate
``quasi-static'' magnetic fields, contrary to recent claims by other authors.
All our results agree with a simple plasma-physical model of collisionless
shocks. On the other hand, astrophysical evidence indicates that shocks do
accelerate charged particles, and GRB phenomenology indicates that shocks do
generate strong magnetic fields. The conflict between the simplest
plasma-physical model and astronomical observations of collisionless shocks is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127606 </DOCNO>
Galactic Cosmochronometry from Radioactive Elements in the Spectra of


  In a short review of neutron-capture elemental abundances in Galactic halo
stars, emphasis is placed on the use of these elements to estimate the age of
the Galactic halo. Two prominent characteristics of neutron-capture elements in
halo stars are their large star-to-star scatter in the overall abundance level
with respect to lighter elements, and the dominance of r-process abundance
patterns at lowest stellar metallicities. The r-process abundance signature
potentially allows the direct determination of the age of the earliest Galactic
halo nucleosynthesis events, but further developments in r-process theory, high
resolution spectroscopy of very metal-poor stars, and in basic atomic data are
needed to narrow the uncertainties in age estimates. Attention is brought to
the importance of accurate transition probabilities in neutron-capture element
cosmochronometry. Recent progress in the transition probabilities of rare earth
elements is discussed, along with suggestions for future work on other species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99073 </DOCNO>
Quantum properties of the dual matrices in $GL_q(1|1)$


  In this paper, we give the quantum analogue of the dual matrices for the
quantum supergroup $GL_q(1|1)$ and discuss these properties of the quantum dual
supermatrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129456 </DOCNO>
Initial low/hard state, multiple jet ejections and X-ray/radio


  We have studied the 1999 soft X-ray transient outburst of XTE J1859+226 at
radio and X-ray wavelengths. The event was characterised by strong variability
in the disc, corona and jet - in particular, a number of radio flares
(ejections) took place and seemed well-correlated with hard X-ray events.
Apparently unusual for the `canonical soft' X-ray transient, there was an
initial period of low/hard state behaviour during the rise from quiescence but
prior to the peak of the main outburst - we show that not only could this
initial low/hard state be an ubiquitous feature of soft X-ray transient
outbursts but that it could also be extremely important in our study of
outburst mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75739 </DOCNO>
Generation of entangled states and error protection from adiabatic


  We consider the environment-affected dynamics of $N$ self-interacting
particles living in one-dimensional double wells. Two topics are dealt with.
First, we consider the production of entangled states of two-level systems. We
show that by adiabatically varying the well biases we may dynamically generate
maximally entangled states, starting from initially unentangled product states.
Entanglement degradation due to a common type of environmental influence is
then computed by solving a master equation. However, we also demonstrate that
entanglement production is unaffected if the system-environment coupling is of
the type that induces ``motional narrowing''. As our second but related topic,
we construct a different master equation that seamlessly merges error
protection/detection dynamics for quantum information with the environmental
couplings responsible for producing the errors in the first place. Adiabatic
avoided crossing schemes are used in both topics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76498 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Neutrino Interaction, Muon g-2, and Atomic Parity


  We propose a simple unified description of two recent precision measurements
which suggest new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle interactions,
i.e. the deviation of $\sin^2 \theta_W$ in deep inelastic neutrino-nucleon
scattering and that of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Our proposal
is also consistent with a third precision measurement, i.e. that of parity
nonconservation in atomic Cesium, which agrees with the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40706 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Charm Production Cross Section in gamma gamma


  Open charm production in gamma-gamma collisions is studied with data
collected at e+e- centre-of-mass energies from 189 GeV to 202 GeV corresponding
to a total integrated luminosity of 410 pb-1. The charm cross section
sigma(gamma gamma ---> c c~ X) is measured for the first time as a function of
the two-photon centre-of-mass energy in the interval from 5 GeV to 70 GeV and
is compared to NLO QCD calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76148 </DOCNO>
Extra dimensions vs. supersymmetric interpretation of missing energy


  The photon plus missing energy signature is a primary handle on two important
classes of theories. Theories with large extra dimensions predict the
production of photons in association with Kaluza-Klein excitations of the
graviton. In supersymmetric theories with superlight gravitinos, photons can be
produced in association with gravitino pairs. The signatures for these two
theories are compared, and it is found that they can be distinguished by
studying the photon energy distributions and scaling of the cross section with
center-of-mass energy. Both these methods fail, however, if there are six extra
dimensions. In that case, additional phenomena predicted by the theories would
be required to narrow down the underlying causes of the photon plus missing
energy signal. We also study the ability of these measurements to determine the
number of extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74956 </DOCNO>
Towards the Equation of State of Classical SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory


  We determine numerically the full complex Lyapunov spectrum of SU(2)
Yang-Mills fields on a 3-dimensional lattice from the classical chaotic
dynamics. The equation of state, S(E), is determined from the Kolmogorov-Sinai
entropy extrapolated to the large size limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86729 </DOCNO>
Global phase time and path integral for the Kantowski--Sachs anisotropic


  The action functional of the anisotropic Kantowski--Sachs cosmological model
is turned into that of an ordinary gauge system. Then a global phase time is
identified for the model by imposing canonical gauge conditions, and the
quantum transition amplitude is obtained by means of the usual path integral
procedure of Fadeev and Popov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72583 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Localized Gravity Around the Soft Minima


  n-Dimensional pure gravity theory can be obtained as the effective theory of
an n+1 model (with non-compact extra dimension) where general n+1
reparametrization invariance is explicitly broken in the extra dimension. As
was pointed out in the literature, a necessary consistency condition for having
a non-vanishing four dimensional Newton constant is the normalizability in the
extra dimension of the zero mass graviton. This, in turn, implies that gravity
localization is produced around the local minima of a potential in the extra
dimension. We study gravity in the neighborhood of the soft ("thick") local
minima.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125844 </DOCNO>
Computational Asteroseismology


  White dwarf asteroseismology offers the opportunity to probe the structure
and composition of stellar objects governed by relatively simple physical
principles. The observational requirements of asteroseismology have been
addressed by the development of the Whole Earth Telescope, but the analysis
procedures still need to be refined before this technique can yield the
complete physical insight that the data can provide. We have applied an
optimization method utilizing a genetic algorithm to the problem of fitting
white dwarf pulsation models to the observed frequencies of the most thoroughly
characterized helium-atmosphere pulsator, GD 358. The free parameters in this
initial study included the stellar mass, the effective temperature, the surface
helium layer mass, the core composition, and the internal chemical profile. For
many years, astronomers have promised that the study of pulsating white dwarfs
would ultimately lead to useful information about the physics of matter under
extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. The optimization approach
developed in this dissertation has allowed us to finally make good on that
promise by exploiting the sensitivity of our models to the core composition. We
empirically determine that the central oxygen abundance in GD 358 is 84 +/- 3
percent. We use this value to place a preliminary constraint on the
C12(alpha,gamma)O16 nuclear reaction cross-section of S_300 = 295 +/- 15 keV
barns. We find a thick helium layer solution for GD 358 that provides a better
match to the data than previous fits, and helps to resolve a problem with the
evolutionary connection between PG 1159 stars and DBVs. [abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168321 </DOCNO>
On a Lie algebraic approach of quasi-exactly solvable potentials with


  We compare two recent approaches of quasi-exactly solvable Schr\" odinger
equations, the first one being related to finite-dimensional representations of
$sl(2,R)$ while the second one is based on supersymmetric developments. Our
results are then illustrated on the Razavy potential, the sextic oscillator and
a scalar field model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127373 </DOCNO>
Disc Instabilities in Soft X-ray Transients


  I briefly review the theory of soft X-ray transient systems. Irradiation of
the accretion disc faces by the central X-ray source determines both the
occurrence and the nature of the outbursts, in particular forcing these to be
long viscous events and producing exponential decays at short orbital periods.
Soft X-ray transients constitute the majority of LMXBs, persistent systems
being largely confined to a subset of neutron-star LMXBs with periods P < 2 d.
It appears that LMXBs very frequently contain nuclear-evolved companions, even
at short orbital periods. In long-period transients (P > 20 d) the outburst
recurrence times must become extremely long (> 1500 yr). The outbursts are
highly super-Eddington, markedly reducing the accretion efficiency. Spinup of a
neutron-star primary to millisecond periods probably cannot occur for orbital
periods > 200 d, in agreement with observations of binary pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5907 </DOCNO>
Towards a Macroscopic Modelling of the Complexity in Traffic Flow


  We present a macroscopic traffic flow model that extends existing fluid-like
models by an additional term containing the second derivative of the safe
velocity. Two qualitatively different shapes of the safe velocity are explored:
a conventional Fermi-type function and a function exhibiting a plateau at
intermediate densities. The suggested model shows an extremely rich dynamical
behaviour and shows many features found in real-world traffic data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127648 </DOCNO>
Populations of Transient Galactic Bulge X-Ray Sources


  Starting in 1999, the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) has monitored the
central bulge region of the Galaxy with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA),
resolving about 50 binary X-ray sources, including 18 sources discovered by
RXTE and BeppoSAX. The accretion rates that RXTE observed from these sources
ranged from highs approaching Eddington limits to lows that may correspond to
mass exchange for a binary period near the minimum of 80 minutes. Several
neutron star binaries with low peak luminosity have outburst or cycle
time-scales which are shorter than those of brighter and better known
counterparts. We compare the characteristics of the binaries with low rates of
mass exchange to predictions of their evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5380 </DOCNO>
Optical excitation of interacting electron-hole pairs in disordered


  We apply the optimal fluctuation method to the calculation of the optical
absorption in disordered one-dimensional semiconductors below the fundamental
optical gap. We find that a photon energy exists at which the shape of the
optimal fluctuation undergoes a dramatic change, resulting in a different
energy dependence of the absorption rate above and below this energy. In the
limit when the interaction of an electron and a hole with disorder is stronger
than their interaction with each other, we obtain an analytical expression for
the optical conductivity. We show that to calculate the absorption rate, it is,
in general, necessary to consider a manifold of optimal fluctuations, rather
than just a single fluctuation. For an arbitrary ratio of the Coulomb
interaction and disorder, the optimal fluctuation is found numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 262 </DOCNO>
Spin dynamics of the model 2D quantum antiferromagnet CFTD


  The magnetic excitation spectrum in the two-dimensional (2D) S=1/2 Heisenberg
antiferromagnet copper deuteroformate tetradeuterate (CFTD) has been measured
for temperatures up to T\sim J/2, where J=6.31+-0.02 meV is the 2D exchange
coupling. For T\ll J, a dispersion of the zone boundary energy is observed,
which is attributed to a wavevector dependent quantum renormalization. At
higher temperatures, spin-wave-like excitations persist, but are found to
broaden and soften. By combining our data with numerical calculations, and with
existing theoretical work, a consistent description of the behaviour of the
model system is found over the whole temperature interval investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6092 </DOCNO>
Hints on the power corrections from current correlators in x-space


  We consider an interpretation of the recent lattice data on the
current-current correlators in the x-space. The data indicate rather striking
difference between (axial)vector and (pseudo)scalar channels which goes beyond
the predictions of the standard non-perturbative models. We argue that if the
difference is to be explained by power corrections, there is a unique choice of
the form of the correction. We discuss the emerging picture of the power
corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4242 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Solidification of a Supercooled Liquid in a Narrow


  Comment on PRL v. 86, p. 5084 (2001) [cond-mat/0101016]. We point out that
the authors' simulations are consistent with the known theory of steady-state
solutions in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148353 </DOCNO>
Brane-Bulk Duality and Non-conformal Gauge Theories


  We discuss non-conformal gauge theories from type IIB D3-branes embedded in
orbifolded space-times. Such theories can be obtained by allowing some
non-vanishing logarithmic twisted tadpoles. In certain cases with N=0,1
supersymmetry correlation functions in the planar limit are the same as in the
parent N=2 supersymmetric theories. In particular, the effective action in such
theories perturbatively is not renormalized beyond one loop in the planar
limit. In the N=2 as well as such N=0,1 theories quantum corrections in the
D3-brane gauge theories are encoded in the corresponding classical higher
dimensional field theories whose actions contain the twisted fields with
non-vanishing tadpoles. We argue that this duality can be extended to the
non-perturbative level in the N=2 theories. We give some evidence that this
might also be the case for N=0,1 theories as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81291 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD at finite T and \mu and the critical point of QCD


  We propose a method to study lattice QCD at finite T and \mu. We compare it
with direct results and with the Glasgow method by using n_f=4 QCD at
Im(\mu)\neq 0. We locate the critical endpoint (E) of QCD on the Re(\mu)-T
plane. In this study we use n_f=2+1 dynamical staggered quarks with
semi-realistic masses on L_t=4 lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125740 </DOCNO>
Two-Body Relaxation in Cosmological Simulations


  It is logically possible that early two-body relaxation in simulations of
cosmological clustering influences the final structure of massive clusters.
Convergence studies in which mass and spatial resolution are simultaneously
increased, cannot eliminate this possibility. We test the importance of
two-body relaxation in cosmological simulations with simulations in which there
are two species of particles. The cases of two mass ratios, sqrt(2):1 and 4:1,
are investigated. Simulations are run with both a spatially fixed softening
length and adaptive softening using the publicly available codes GADGET and
MLAPM, respectively.
  The effects of two-body relaxation are detected in both the density profiles
of halos and the mass function of halos. The effects are more pronounced with a
fixed softening length, but even in this case they are not so large as to
suggest that results obtained with one mass species are significantly affected
by two-body relaxation.
  The simulations that use adaptive softening are less affected by two-body
relaxation and produce slightly higher central densities in the largest halos.
They run about three times faster than the simulations that use a fixed
softening length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96963 </DOCNO>
Subsymmetric sequences and minimal spaces


  We show that every Banach space saturated with subsymmetric sequences
contains a minimal subspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174840 </DOCNO>
Measurement of GEp/GMp in ep -> ep to Q2 = 5.6 GeV2


  The ratio of the electric and magnetic form factors of the proton, GEp/GMp,
was measured at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) using
the recoil polarization technique. The ratio of the form factors is directly
proportional to the ratio of the transverse to longitudinal components of the
polarization of the recoil proton in the elastic $\vec ep \to e\vec p$
reaction. The new data presented in this article span the range 3.5 < Q2 < 5.6
GeV2 and are well described by a linear Q2 fit. Also, the ratio QF2p/F1p
reaches a constant value above Q2=2 GeV2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129018 </DOCNO>
Experimental CMB Status and Prospects: A Report from Snowmass 2001


  In recent years the promise of experimental study of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) has been demonstrated. Herein a brief summary of the field is
followed by an indication of future directions. The prospects for further
revelations from the details of the CMB are excellent. The future work is
well-suited to the interests of high energy physics experimentalists: the
projects seek to understand the fundamental nature of the universe, require
subtle experimental techniques to keep systematics in control, produce large,
rich data sets, and must be implemented by multi-institutional collaborations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169519 </DOCNO>
Using Cloning to Solve NP Complete Problems


  Assuming a cloning oracle, satisfiability, which is an NP complete problem,
is shown to belong to $BPP^C$ and $BQP^C$ (depending on the ability of the
oracle C to clone either a binary random variable or a qubit). The same result
is extended in the case of an approximate cloning oracle, thus establishing
that $NP \subseteq BPP^C \subseteq BQP^C$ and $NP \subseteq BPP^{AC} \subseteq
BQP^{AC}$, where C and AC are the exact and approximate cloning oracles,
respectively. Although exact cloning is impossible in quantum systems,
approximate cloning remains a possibility. However, the best known methods for
approximate cloning (based on unitary evolution) do not currently achieve the
desired precision levels. And it remains an open question whether they could be
improved when non-linear (or non-unitary) operators are used. Finally, a
straightforward attempt to dispense with cloning, replacing it by unitary
evolution, is proved to be impossible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127441 </DOCNO>
The role of the screen factor in GRBs


  We derive the screen factor for the radiation flux from an optically thick
plasma of electron-positron pairs and photons, created by vacuum polarization
process around a black hole endowed with electromagnetic structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 597 </DOCNO>
Effective pseudo-potentials of hydrodynamic origin


  It is shown that low Reynolds number fluid flows can cause suspended
particles to respond as though they were in an equilibrium system with an
effective potential. This general result follows naturally from the fact that
different methods of moving particles in viscous fluids give rise to very
different long-range flows. Two examples are discussed: electrophoretic
`levitation' of a heavy charged sphere, for which a hydrodynamic
`pseudo-potential' can be written in closed form, and quasi-two dimensional
crystals of like-charged colloidal spheres which form near charged walls, whose
apparent attraction arises not from a force but from persistent fluid flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4784 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Excitations of the Spin Gap System TlCuCl$_3$


  TlCuCl$_3$ has a singlet ground state with the excitation gap $\Delta =0.65$
meV. The magnetic excitations in TlCuCl$_3$ have been investigated by means of
neutron inelastic scattering experiments. The constant-$\it{\pmb Q}$ energy
scan profiles were collected in the $a^*-c^*$ plane. A well-defined single
magnetic excitation mode was observed. The dispersion relations along four
different directions were determined. The lowest excitation occurs at
${\it{\pmb Q}}=(h, 0, l)$ with integer $h$ and odd $l$, as observed in
KCuCl$_3$. A cluster series expansion up to the sixth order was applied to
analyze the dispersion relations, and the individual exchange interactions were
evaluated. It was demonstrated that TlCuCl$_3$ is a strongly coupled spin-dimer
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6208 </DOCNO>
Relating monomer to centre-of-mass distribution functions in polymer


  A relationship between the measurable monomer-monomer structure factor, and
the centre-of-mass (CM) structure factor of dilute or semi-dilute polymer
solutions is derived from Ornstein-Zernike relations within the ``polymer
reference interaction site model'' (PRISM) formalism, by considering the CM of
each polymer as an auxiliary site and neglecting direct correlations between
the latter and the CM and monomers of neighbouring polymers. The predictions
agree well with Monte Carlo data for self-avoiding walk polymers, and are
considerably more accurate than the predictions of simple factorization
approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148041 </DOCNO>
On Fractional Instanton Numbers in Six Dimensional Heterotic E_8 x E_8


  We show how the level matching condition in six dimensional, abelian and
supersymmetric orbifolds of the E_8 x E_8 heterotic string can be given
equivalently in terms of fractional gauge and gravitational instanton numbers.
This relation is used to restate the classification of the orbifolds in terms
of flat bundles away from the orbifold singularities under the constraint of
the level matching condition. In an outlook these results are applied to
Kaluza-Klein monopoles of the heterotic string on S^1 in Wilson line
backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6759 </DOCNO>
Testing the Edwards hypothesis in spin systems under tapping dynamics


  The Edwards hypothesis of ergodicity of blocked configurations for gently
tapped granular materials is tested for abstract models of spin systems on
random graphs and spin chains with kinetic constraints. The tapping dynamics is
modeled by considering two distinct mechanisms of energy injection: thermal and
random tapping. We find that ergodicity depends upon the tapping procedure
(i.e. the way the blocked configurations are dynamically accessed): for thermal
tapping ergodicity is a good approximation, while it fails to describe the
asymptotic stationary state reached by the random tapping dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72376 </DOCNO>
Why Photon Colliders are necessary in a future collider program


  Subjects of discussion
  Different scenarios
  Higgs window to a New Physics
  Anomalies in the interactions of gauge and Higgs bosons
  Some problems with t-quarks and MSSM.
  Some problems in QCD and hadron physics.
  By-product: Production of axions, etc. from region of conversion e --> gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76700 </DOCNO>
Couplings between pion and charmed mesons


  We compute the couplings $DD^*\pi$,$D_1D^*\pi$,$D^*D^*\pi$, $D_1 D_1\pi$
using QCD sum rules. These couplings are important inputs in the meson exchange
model calculations used to estimate the amount of $J/\psi$ absorption due to
pions and rho mesons in heavy ion collisions. Our sum rules are constructed at
the first order in the pion momentum $p_\mu$, which give the couplings that are
not trivially related to the soft-pion theorem. Our calculated couplings, which
somewhat depend upon the values of the heavy meson decay constants, are
$g_{DD^*\pi}=8.2 \pm 0.1$, $g_{D_1 D^* \pi} = 15.8 \pm 2 {\rm GeV}$, $g_{D^*
D^* \pi}= 0.3 \pm 0.03$ and $g_{D_1 D_1 \pi}= 0.17 \pm 0.04$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83854 </DOCNO>
Commonalities: The R.E.A. and High-Speed Rural Internet Access


  This paper explores commonalities between the creation of the Rural
Electrification Administration and the similar dilemma of providing an
affordable infrastructure for high-speed Internet access in places where profit
incentives do not exist. In the case of the R.E.A., the necessity for an
aggressive federal initiative to wire rural America, where the market for
electricity had failed, is revisited as the missing incentives are identified
and explored. We then examine the incentive-poor similarities between rural
electrification and rural high-speed Internet access through how consumers
currently and prospectively gain access to broadband Internet service. The
regulatory environment created by the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and the
Federal Communications Commission is considered. Although the FCC is required
(Section 254.b.3) to take regulatory measures to ensure comparable and
affordable access to the Internet for all Americans, the historical
similarities and comparative analysis of rural electrification and high-speed
Internet access suggests the goal of universal service is unlikely to be met in
the near future. Regulatory disincentives to build such networks are present,
driven in part by market realities and in part by competitive restrictions in
the Telecommunications Act of 1996. Finally, we pose the question of whether a
federal effort equivalent to the R.E.A. is needed to ensure that residents of
sparsely populated areas, like their predecessors in the 1930s, are not
comparatively disadvantaged in the first decades of the 21st century. The paper
concludes with a proposal to accelerate the deployment of broadband
infrastructure in rural America.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73300 </DOCNO>
Seesaw mechanism in three flavors


  We advance a method used to analyse the neutrino properties (masses and
mixing) in the seesaw mechanism. Assuming the hierarchical Dirac and light
neutrino masses we establish rather simple relations between the light and the
heavy neutrino parameters in the favored region of the solar and the
atmospheric neutrino experiments. A empirical condition satisfied by the RH
mixing angles is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126892 </DOCNO>
Caltech Faint Galaxy Redshift Survey XVI: The Luminosity Function for


  We have carried out a study of the luminosity function (henceforth LF) of
galaxies in the region of the HDF-North using our very complete redshift
catalog. We solve for the LF at four rest frame wavelengths from 0.24 to 2.2mu.
We find that the LFs for quiescent galaxies have shallow faint end slopes,
while those of galaxies with detectable emission lines have steeper faint end
slopes. Furthermore these slopes are independent of redshift out to z=1.05 for
each galaxy spectral grouping and agree well with comparable local
determinations. We find that galaxies with strong absorption lines become
brighter with z with Q \sim 0.6 at all rest frame bands studied here, where Q =
\Delta{\rm{log}}[L^*(z)]/\Delta{z}, while galaxies with detectable emission
lines (i.e. star forming galaxies) show a smaller change in L^* with redshift
at all bands, Q ~ 0.3, with Q becoming significantly larger at rest frame
2400A. Passive evolution models of galaxies are in reasonable agreement with
these results for absorption line dominated galaxies, while plausible star
formation histories can reproduce the behavior of the emission line galaxies.
We find the co-moving number density and stellar mass in galaxies to be
approximately constant out to z~1.05, and with more uncertainty, to z~1.3. The
major epoch(s) of star formation and of galaxy formation must have occurred
even earlier. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 283 </DOCNO>
To Phenomenological Theory of Superconductivity. Superconductivity - not


  The basic stages of development of the theory of superconductivity are
traced. Despite of remarkable successes of theory, the physical explanation of
the phenomenon of superconductivity - of the not fading electrical current in
dissipative medium - is not exists until now.
  In the present paper on the basis of works (Klimontovich, 1990abc, 1999) the
physical explanations of this phenomenon is considered. Will be show that the
existence of not fading electrical current becomes possible due to occurrence
of flicker noise and appropriate residual temporary correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179441 </DOCNO>
Chiral $2\pi$-exchange NN-potentials: Two-loop contributions


  We calculate in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory the local
NN-potentials generated by the two-pion exchange diagrams at two-loop order. We
give explicit expressions for the mass-spectra (or imaginary parts) of the
corresponding isoscalar and isovector central, spin-spin and tensor
NN-amplitudes. We find from two-loop two-pion exchange a sizeable isoscalar
central repulsion which amounts to $62.3 $MeV at $r=1.0 $fm. There is a
similarly strong isovector central attraction which however originates mainly
from the third order low energy constants $\bar d_j$ entering the chiral $\pi
N$-scattering amplitude. We also evaluate the one-loop $2\pi$-exchange diagram
with two second order chiral $\pi \pi NN$-vertices proportional to the low
energy constants $c_{1,2,3,4}$ as well as the first relativistic 1/M-correction
to the $2\pi$-exchange diagrams with one such vertex. The diagrammatic results
presented here are relevant components of the chiral NN-potential at
next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85749 </DOCNO>
Axisymmetric electrovacuum spacetimes with an additional Killing vector


  Main results concerning allowable additional symmetries of axially symmetric
electrovacuum spacetimes are summarized. These are translational Killing
vectors and the boost Killing vector. However, this is only the boost symmetry
that does not exclude radiation and permit a spacetime to be asymptotically
flat with global null infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98661 </DOCNO>
U(1)-invariant special Lagrangian 3-folds I. Nonsingular solutions


  This is the first of three papers studying special Lagrangian 3-submanifolds
N in C^3 invariant under the U(1)-action (z_1,z_2,z_3) --> (gz_1,g^{-1}z_2,z_3)
for unit complex numbers g, using analytic methods.
  Let N be such a U(1)-invariant special Lagrangian 3-fold. Then
|z_1|^2-|z_2|^2=2a on N for some real number a. Locally, N can be written as a
kind of graph of functions u,v : R^2 --> R which satisfy a nonlinear
Cauchy-Riemann equation depending on a, so that u(x,y)+iv(x,y) is a bit like a
holomorphic function of x+iy. When a is nonzero, u,v are always smooth and N is
always nonsingular. But if a=0, there may be points (x,0) where u,v are not
differentiable, which correspond to singular points of N.
  This paper focusses on the nonsingular case, when a is nonzero. We prove
analogues for our nonlinear Cauchy-Riemann equation of well-known results in
complex analysis. In particular, we prove existence and uniqueness for
solutions of two Dirichlet problems derived from it. This yields existence and
uniqueness of a large class of nonsingular U(1)-invariant special Lagrangian
3-folds in C^3, with two kinds of boundary conditions.
  In the sequels we extend these results to the singular case a=0. The next
paper math.DG/0111326 proves a priori estimates for derivatives of solutions of
the nonlinear Cauchy-Riemann equation, and uses them to prove existence and
uniqueness of continuous weak solutions to the two Dirichlet problems when a=0.
This gives existence and uniqueness of a large class of singular U(1)-invariant
special Lagrangian 3-folds in C^3, with boundary conditions. The third paper
will study the nature of the singularities that arise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4689 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic fluctuation theory for stationary non equilibrium states


  We formulate a dynamical fluctuation theory for stationary non equilibrium
states (SNS) which is tested explicitly in stochastic models of interacting
particles. In our theory a crucial role is played by the time reversed
dynamics. Within this theory we derive the following results: the modification
of the Onsager-Machlup theory in the SNS; a general Hamilton-Jacobi equation
for the macroscopic entropy; a non equilibrium, non linear fluctuation
dissipation relation valid for a wide class of systems; an H theorem for the
entropy. We discuss in detail two models of stochastic boundary driven lattice
gases: the zero range and the simple exclusion processes. In the first model
the invariant measure is explicitly known and we verify the predictions of the
general theory. For the one dimensional simple exclusion process, as recently
shown by Derrida, Lebowitz, and Speer, it is possible to express the
macroscopic entropy in terms of the solution of a non linear ordinary
differential equation; by using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we obtain an
logically independent derivation of this result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5572 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Heterogeneities Below the Glass Transition


  We present molecular dynamics simulations of a binary Lennard-Jones mixture
at temperatures below the kinetic glass transition. The ``mobility'' of a
particle is characterized by the amplitude of its fluctuation around its
average position. The 5% particles with the largest/smallest mean amplitude are
thus defined as the relatively most mobile/immobile particles. We investigate
for these 5% particles their spatial distribution and find them to be
distributed very heterogeneously in that mobile as well as immobile particles
form clusters. The reason for this dynamic heterogeneity is traced back to the
fact that mobile/immobile particles are surrounded by fewer/more neighbors
which form an effectively wider/narrower cage. The dependence of our results on
the length of the simulation run indicates that individual particles have a
characteristic mobility time scale, which can be approximated via the
non-Gaussian parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72430 </DOCNO>
Exclusive QCD


  I give a brief introduction to the physics of generalized parton
distributions and distribution amplitudes. I then report on the status of the
calculation of radiative corrections for the exclusive processes where these
quantities occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83823 </DOCNO>
CLP versus LS on Log-based Reconciliation Problems


  Nomadic applications create replicas of shared objects that evolve
independently while they are disconnected. When reconnecting, the system has to
reconcile the divergent replicas. In the log-based approach to reconciliation,
such as in the IceCube system, the input is a common initial state and logs of
actions that were performed on each replica. The output is a consistent global
schedule that maximises the number of accepted actions. The reconciler merges
the logs according to the schedule, and replays the operations in the merged
log against the initial state, yielding to a reconciled common final state.
  In this paper, we show the NP-completeness of the log-based reconciliation
problem and present two programs for solving it. Firstly, a constraint logic
program (CLP) that uses integer constraints for expressing precedence
constraints, boolean constraints for expressing dependencies between actions,
and some heuristics for guiding the search. Secondly, a stochastic local search
method with Tabu heuristic (LS), that computes solutions in an incremental
fashion but does not prove optimality. One difficulty in the LS modeling lies
in the handling of both boolean variables and integer variables, and in the
handling of the objective function which differs from a max-CSP problem.
Preliminary evaluation results indicate better performance for the CLP program
which, on somewhat realistic benchmarks, finds nearly optimal solutions up to a
thousands of actions and proves optimality up to a hundreds of actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86923 </DOCNO>
Remarks on a solvable cosmological model


  We present an exact analytical solution of the Einstein equations with
cosmological constant in a spatially flat Robertson-Walker metric. This is
interpreted as an isotropic Lemaitre-type version of the cosmological Friedmann
model. Implications in the recent discovered cosmic acceleration of the
universe and in the theory of an inflationary model of the universe are in
view. Some properties of this solution are pointed out as a result of numerical
investigations of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114125 </DOCNO>
A geometric view of Hamiltonian perturbation theory


  The variational formulation for Lie-transform Hamiltonian perturbation theory
is presented in terms of an action functional defined on a two-dimensional
parameter space. A fundamental equation in Hamiltonian perturbation theory is
shown to result from the freedom of choice of the integration path for the
action functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3880 </DOCNO>
ARPES Study of X-Point Band Overlaps in LaB$_6$ and SmB$_6$ - Contrast


  In contrast to our recent finding of an X-point band gap in divalent
hexaborides, we report here that angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy
(ARPES) data shows that the gap is absent for trivalent LaB$_6$ and is absent
or nearly so for mixed valent SmB$_6$. This finding demonstrates a nontrivial
evolution of the band structure from divalent to trivalent hexaborides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149552 </DOCNO>
Coherent States and Geometric Phases in Calogero-Sutherland Model


  Exact coherent states in the Calogero-Sutherland models (of time-dependent
parameters) which describe identical harmonic oscillators interacting through
inverse-square potentials are constructed, in terms of the classical solutions
of a harmonic oscillator. For quasi-periodic coherent states of the
time-periodic systems, geometric phases are evaluated. For the $A_{N-1}$
Calogero-Sutherland model, the phase is calculated for a general coherent
state. The phases for other models are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7475 </DOCNO>
On dimensional regularization of sums


  We discuss a systematic way to dimensionally regularize divergent sums
arising in field theories with an arbitrary number of physical compact
dimensions or finite temperature. The method preserves the same symmetries of
the action as the conventional dimensional regularization and allows an easy
separation of the regulated divergence from the finite term that depends on the
compactification radius (temperature).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41376 </DOCNO>
Study of CP-violating asymmetries in B-->pi^+/-pi^-/+, K^+/-pi^-+ decays


  We present a preliminary measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating
asymmetry parameters S_pipi and C_pipi in neutral B decays to the pi^+/-pi^-/+
CP eigenstate, and an updated preliminary measurement of the charge asymmetry
A_Kpi in B --> K^+/-pi^-/+ decays. Event yields and $\CP$-violation parameters
are determined simultaneously from a multidimensional unbinned maximum
likelihood fit. In a data sample consisting of approximately 33 million
Upsilon(4S)--)B-anti-B decays collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC
PEP-II asymmetric B Factory, we find 65^{+12}_{-11} pi^+/-pi^-/+ and 217+/-18
K^+/-pi^-/+ candidates and measure S_pipi = 0.03^{+0.53}_{-0.56}+/-0.11, C_pipi
= -0.25^{+0.45}_{-0.47}+/-0.14, and A_Kpi = -0.07+/-0.08+/-0.02, where the
first error is statistical and the second is systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86404 </DOCNO>
Inevitability of Spacetime Singularities in The Canonical Metric


  We discuss the question of whether the existence of singularities is an
intrinsic property of 4D spacetime. Our hypothesis is that singularities in 4D
are induced by the separation of spacetime from the other dimensions. We
examine this hypothesis in the context of the so-called canonical or warp
metrics in 5D. These metrics are popular because they provide a clean
separation between the extra dimension and spacetime. We show that the
spacetime section, in these metrics, inevitably becomes singular for some
finite (non-zero) value of the extra coordinate. This is true for all canonical
metrics that are solutions of the field equations in space-time-matter theory.
This is a geometrical singularity in 5D, but appears as a physical one in 4D.
At this singular hypersurface, the determinant of the spacetime metric becomes
zero and the curvature of the spacetime blows up to infinity. These results are
consistent with our hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127156 </DOCNO>
Physical vs. Observational Properties of Clouds in Turbulent Molecular


  We examine how well the physical properties of clumps in turbulent molecular
clouds can be determined by measurements of observed clump structures. We
compare simulated observations of three-dimensional numerical models of
isothermal, magnetized, supersonic turbulence to the actual physical structure
of the models. We determine how changing the parameters of turbulence changes
the structure of the simulations. Stronger driving produces greater density
fluctuations, and longer wavelength driving produces larger structures.
Magnetic fields have a less pronounced effect on structure, and one that is not
monotonic with field strength. Aligned structures are seen only with
low-density tracers, and when the intensity of the field is large. Comparing
different regions with the same tracers (or the same region with different
tracers) can give information about physical conditions: different density
tracers can help determine the size of the density fluctuations and thus the
strength of the driving. Nevertheless, velocity superposition of multiple
physical clumps can fully obscure the physical properties of those clumps, and
short wavelength driving worsens this effect. Regarding Larson's relationships,
we confirm previous claims that the mean density-size relationship is an
artifact of the observations; and the velocity dispersion-size relationship, is
consistent with observations. Regarding the mass spectra, we show that, when we
look for clumps with high enough resolution, they converge to a log-normal
function, rather than the power-law obtained in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5480 </DOCNO>
Constant Pressure Hybrid Molecular Dynamics-Monte Carlo Simulations


  New hybrid Molecular Dynamics-Monte Carlo methods are proposed to increase
the efficiency of constant-pressure simulations. Two variations of the isobaric
Molecular Dynamics component of the algorithms are considered. In the first, we
use the extended-ensemble method of Andersen [H. C. Andersen J. Chem. Phys.
{\bf 72},2384 (1980)]. In the second, we arrive at a new constant-pressure
Monte Carlo technique based on the reversible generalization of the
weak-coupling barostat [H. J. C. Berendsen et. al J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 81},
3684(1984)]. This latter technique turns out to be highly effective in
equilibrating and maintaining a target pressure. It is superior to the
extended-ensemble method, which in turn is superior to simple volume-rescaling
algorithms. The efficiency of the proposed methods is demonstrated by studying
two systems. The first is a simple Lennard-Jones fluid. The second is a mixture
of polyethylene chains of 200 monomers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73654 </DOCNO>
Hard Photon production from unsaturated quark gluon plasma at two loop


  The hard photon productions from bremsstrahlung and annihilation with
scattering that arise at two loop level are estimated from a chemically
non-equilibrated quark gluon plasma using the frame work of thermal field
theory. Although, the rate of photon production is suppressed due to
unsaturated phase space, the above suppression is relatively smaller than
expected due to an additional collinear enhancement (arise due to decrease in
thermal quark mass) as compared to it's equilibrium counterpart. Interestingly,
unlike the one loop case, the reduction in the two loop processes are found to
be independent of gluon chemical poential, but strongly depends on quark
fugacity. It is also found that, since the phase space suppression is highest
for annihilation with scattering, the photon production is entirely dominated
by bremsstrahlung mechanism at all energies. This is to be contrasted with the
case of the equilibrated plasma where annihilation with scattering dominates
the photon production particularly at higher energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41369 </DOCNO>
Single Intermediate Vector Boson Production in e+e- collisions at


  The cross-sections for the production of single charged and neutral
intermediate vector bosons were measured using integrated luminosities of 52
pb^{-1} and 154 pb^{-1} collected by the DELPHI experiment at centre-of-mass
energies of 182.6 GeV and 188.6 GeV, respectively. The cross-sections for the
reactions were determined in limited kinematic regions. The results found are
in agreement with the Standard Model predictions for these channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2282 </DOCNO>
Raman cross section of spin ladders


  We demonstrate that a two-triplet resonance strongly renormalizes the Raman
spectrum of two-leg spin ladders and moreover suggest this to be the origin of
the asymmetry of the magnetic Raman continuum observed in CaV2O5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40819 </DOCNO>
Total Cross Section in gamma gamma Collisions at LEP


  The reaction e+e- -> e+e- gamma* gamma* -> e+e- hadrons for quasi-real
photons is studied using data from root(s) = 183 GeV up to 202 GeV.
  Results on the total cross sections sigma(e+e- -> e+e- hadrons) and sigma(+e-
gamma* gamma* -> e+e- hadrons) are given for the two-photon centre-of-mass
energies 5 GeV < Wgammagamma < 185 GeV.
  The total cross section of two real photons is described by a Regge
parametrisation. We observe a steeper rise with the two-photon centre-of-mass
energy as compared to the hadron-hadron and the photon-proton cross sections.
The data are also compared to the expectations of different theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74491 </DOCNO>
Fermionic massive modes along cosmic strings


  The influence on cosmic string dynamics of fermionic massive bound states
propagating in the vortex, and getting their mass only from coupling to the
string forming Higgs field, is studied. Such massive fermionic currents are
numerically found to exist for a wide range of model parameters and seen to
modify drastically the usual string dynamics coming from the zero mode currents
alone. In particular, by means of a quantization procedure, a new equation of
state describing cosmic strings with any kind of fermionic current, massive or
massless, is derived and found to involve, at least, one state parameter per
trapped fermion species. This equation of state exhibits transitions from
subsonic to supersonic regimes while the massive modes are filled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148403 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Self-Energy and Multiple Scattering at Finite Temperature


  One and two loop self-energies are worked out explicitly for a heavy scalar
field interacting weakly with a light self-interacting scalar field at finite
temperature. The ring/daisy diagrams and a set of necklace diagrams can be
summed simultaneously. This simple model serves to illustrate the connection
between multi-loop self-energy diagrams and multiple scattering in a medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85883 </DOCNO>
Stochastic semiclassical gravity and fluctuations during inflation


  Stochastic semiclassical gravity is a theory for the interaction of gravity
with quantum matter fields which goes beyond the semiclassical limit. The
theory predicts stochastic fluctuations of the classical gravitational field
induced by the quantum fluctuations of the stress energy tensor of the matter
fields. Here we use an axiomatic approach to introduce the Einstein-Langevin
equations as the consistent set of dynamical equations for a first order
perturbative correction to semiclassical gravity and review their main
features. We then describe the application of the theory in a simple chaotic
inflationary model, where the fluctuations of the inflaton field induce
stochastic fluctuations in the gravitational field. The correlation functions
for these gravitational fluctuations lead to an almost Harrison-Zel'dovich
scale invariant spectrum at large scales, in agreement with the standard
theories for structure formation. A summary of recent results and other
applications of the theory is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123801 </DOCNO>
On the Distribution of X-ray Surface Brightness from Diffuse Gas


  Hot intergalactic gas in clusters, groups, and filaments emanates a
continuous background of 0.5-2.0 keV X-rays that ought to be detectable with
the new generation of X-ray observatories. Here we present selected results
from a program to simulate the surface-brightness distribution of this
background with an adaptive-mesh cosmological hydrodynamics code. We show that
the bright end of this distribution is well approximated by combining the
cluster temperature function with a beta-model for surface brightness and
appropriate luminosity-temperature and core radius-luminosity relations. Our
simulations verify that the X-ray background from hot gas vastly exceeds
observational limits if non-gravitational processes do not modify the
intergalactic entropy distribution. An entropy floor of ~100 keV cm^2, which
could be established by either heating or cooling, appears necessary to
reconcile the simulated background with observations. Because the X-ray
background distribution is so sensitive to the effects of non-gravitational
processes, it offers a way to constrain the thermal history of the
intergalactic medium that is independent of the uncertainties associated with
surveys of clusters and groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6381 </DOCNO>
Phonon-assisted relaxation kinetics of statistically-degenerate excitons


  Acoustic-phonon-assisted thermalization kinetics of excitons in quantum wells
(QWs) is developed for small concentrations of particles, $\rho_{\rm 2D}
\lesssim 10^9$ cm$^{-1}$, when particle-particle interaction can be neglected
while Bose-Einstein statistics already strongly influences the relaxation
processes at low temperatures. In this case thermalization of QW excitons
occurs through nonequilibrium states and is given by the following scenario.
During the first transient stage, which lasts a few characteristic scattering
times, the correlations with an initial distribution of QW excitons disappear.
The next, adiabatic stage of thermalization usually takes many characteristic
scattering times, depends only upon two control parameters, the lattice
temperature $T_b$ and the degeneracy temperature $T_0 \propto \rho_{\rm 2D}$,
and is characterized by a quasi-equilibrated distribution of high-energy QW
excitons with effective temperature $T(t)$. We show that the thermalization law
of high-energy particles is given by $\delta T(t) = T(t) - T_b \propto
e^{-\lambda_0 t}/t$, where $\lambda_0$ is a marginal value of the continuous
eigenvalue spectrum of the linearized kinetics. By analyzing the linearized
phonon-assisted kinetics of statistically-degenerate QW excitons, we study the
dependence $\lambda_0 =\lambda_0(T_b,T_0)$. Our numerical estimates refer to
high quality GaAs and ZnSe QWs. Finally, we propose a special design of
GaAs-based microcavities, which considerably weakens the bottleneck effect in
relaxation of excitons (polaritons) and allows us to optimize the
acoustic-phonon-assisted thermalization processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76252 </DOCNO>
Out-of-plane QCD radiation in DIS with high p_t jets


  We present a QCD analysis of the cumulative out-of-event-plane momentum
distribution in DIS process with emission of high p_t jets. We derive the
all-order resummed result to next-to-leading accuracy and estimate the leading
power correction. We aim at the same level of accuracy which, in e+e-
annihilation, seems to be sufficient for making predictions. As is typical of
multi-jet observables, the distribution depends on the geometry of the event
and the underlying colour structure. This result should provide a powerful
method to study QCD dynamics, in particular to constrain the parton
distribution functions, to measure the running coupling and to search for
genuine non-perturbative effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150088 </DOCNO>
Elliptic Algebra and Integrable Models for Solitons on Noncummutative


  We study the algebra ${\cal A}_n$ and the basis of the Hilbert space ${\cal
H}_n$ in terms of the $\theta$ functions of the positions of $n$ solitons. Then
we embed the Heisenberg group as the quantum operator factors in the
representation of the transfer matrice of various integrable models. Finally we
generalize our result to the generic $\theta$ case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2416 </DOCNO>
Fermion zero modes in Painlev\'e-Gullstrand black hole


  Painleve-Gullstrand metric of the black hole allows to discuss the fermion
zero modes inside the hole. The statistical mechanics of the fermionic
microstates can be responsible for the black hole thermodynamics. Fermion zero
modes also lead to quantization of the horizon area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74041 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Properties in the Perturbative Chiral Quark Model


  We apply the perturbative chiral quark model (PCQM) to analyse low-energy
nucleon properties: electromagnetic form factors, meson-nucleon sigma-terms and
pion-nucleon scattering. Baryons are described as bound states of valence
quarks surrounded by a cloud of Goldstone bosons (pi, K, eta) as required by
chiral symmetry. The model is based on the following guide lines: chiral
symmetry constraints, fulfilment of low-energy theorems and proper treatment of
sea-quarks, that is meson cloud contributions. Analytic expressions for nucleon
observables are obtained in terms of fundamental parameters of low-energy
pion-nucleon physics (weak pion decay constant, axial nucleon coupling
constant, strong pion-nucleon form factor) and of only one model parameter
(radius of the nucleonic three-quark core). Our results are in good agreement
with experimental data and results of other theoretical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74496 </DOCNO>
Superluminal Noncommutative Photons


  With the help of the Seiberg-Witten map, one can obtain an effective action
of a deformed QED from a noncommutative QED. Starting from the deformed QED, we
investigate the propagation of photons in the background of electromagnetic
field, up to the leading order of the noncommutativity parameter. In our
setting (both the electric and magnetic fields are parallel to the coordinate
axis $x^1$ and the nonvanishing component of the noncommutativity parameter is
$\theta^{23}$), we find that the electric field has no effect on the
propagation of photons, but the velocity of photons can be larger than the
speed of light ($c=1$) when the propagating direction of photons is
perpendicular to the direction of background magnetic field, while the
light-cone condition does not change when the propagating direction is parallel
to the background magnetic field. The causality associated with the
superluminal photons is discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5288 </DOCNO>
Exact numerical solution for a time-dependent fiber-bundle model with


  A time-dependent global fiber-bundle model of fracture with continuous damage
was recently formulated in terms of an autonomous differential system and
numerically solved by applying a discrete probabilistic method. In this paper
we provide a method to obtain the exact numerical solution for this problem. It
is based on the introduction of successive integrating parameters which permits
a robust inversion of the numerical integrations appearing in the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75461 </DOCNO>
Partonic Scattering Cross Sections in the QCD Medium


  A medium modified gluon propagator is used to evaluate the scattering cross
section for the process gg-->gg in the QCD medium by performing an explicit sum
over the polarizations of the gluons. We incorporate a magnetic sreening mass
from a non-perturbative study. It is shown that the medium modified cross
section is finite, divergence free, and is independent of any ad-hoc momentum
transfer cut-off parameters. The medium modified finite cross sections are
necessary for a realistic investigation of the production and equilibration of
the minijet plasma expected at RHIC and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127855 </DOCNO>
Secondary Muon Asymmetries at Sea Levell with Low Systematics


  Project GRAND has the capability of measuring the angle and identity of
single tracks of secondary muons at ground level. The array is comprised of 64
stations each containing eight proportional wire planes with a 50 mm steel
absorber plate placed above the bottom two planes in each station. The added
steel absorber plate allows muon tracks to be separated from the less massive
electrons. Over 100 billion identified muon angles have been measured. With the
high statistics available, it is possible to obtain muon angular asymmetries
with low systematics by subtracting west from east (and separately, south from
north) angles; the subtraction eliminates most of the systematic errors while
still retaining adequately small statistical errors on the differences. A
preliminary analysis is performed as a function of solar time to obtain the
effects on the muon rate due to effects of the sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169236 </DOCNO>
The Basis Problem in Many Worlds Theories


  It is emphasized that a many-worlds interpretation of quantum theory exists
only to the extent that the associated basis problem is solved. The core basis
problem is that the robust enduring states specified by environmental
decoherence effects are essentially Gaussian wave packets that form continua of
non-orthogonal states. Hence they are not a discrete set of orthogonal basis
states to which finite probabilities can be assigned by the usual rules. The
natural way to get an orthogonal basis without going outside the Schroedinger
dynamics is to use the eigenstates of the reduced density matrix, and this idea
is the basis of some recent attempts by many-worlds proponents to solve the
basis problem. But these eigenstates do not enjoy the locality and
quasi-classicality properties of the states defined by environmental
decoherence effects, and hence are not satisfactory preferred basis states.
This core problem is obscured by approaches that treat the universe as a
quantum computer, but it needs to be addressed and resolved before a
many-worlds-type interpretation can be said to exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127822 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray bursts and gravitational radiation from black hole-torus


  Cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are probably powered by systems
harboring a rotating black hole. These may result from hypernovae or black
hole-neutron star coalescence. We identify short/long bursts with hyper- and
suspended-accretion states around slowly/rapidly spinning black holes. Baryon
poor jets, as input to the observed GRB/afterglow emissions, may result from
dissipation in a gap along an open flux-tube on the axis of rotation of the
black hole. The torus is expected to radiate a major fraction of the black hole
luminosity into gravitational waves, which suggests that long GRBs may be the
most powerful LIGO/VIRGO burst sources in the Universe. (Abbreviated)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3139 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependent Suppression of Conductance in Quantum Wires:


  For unpolarized electrons in a clean quantum wire, density functional theory
reveals a thermally activated suppression of conductance. The activation
temperature T_A grows slowly (roughly quadratically) with gate voltage due to
pinning of the band edge at the chemical potential. Similar results were
obtained experimentally by Kristensen et al. [Phys. Rev. B62, 10950 (2000)] for
the temperature dependence of the anomalous conductance plateau near 0.7
(2e^2/h) in a quantum point contact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85833 </DOCNO>
Black Holes and Instabilities of Negative Tension Branes


  We consider the collision in 2+1 dimensions of a black hole and a negative
tension brane on an orbifold. Because there is no gravitational radiation in
2+1 dimensions, the horizon area shrinks when part of the brane falls through.
This provides a potential violation of the generalized second law of
thermodynamics. However, tracing the details of the dynamical evolution one
finds that it does not proceed from equilibrium configuration to equilibrium
configuration. Instead, a catastrophic space-time singularity develops similar
to the `big crunch' of $\Omega >1$ FRW space-times. In the context of classical
general relativity, our result demonstrates a new instability of constructions
with negative tension branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98778 </DOCNO>
On asymptotic dimension of groups acting on trees


  We prove the following theorem: Let $\pi$ be the fundamental group of a
finite graph of groups with finitely generated vertex groups $G_v$ having asdim
$G_v\le n$ for all vertices $v$. Then asdim$\pi\le n+1$.
  This gives the best possible estimate for the asymptotic dimension of an HNN
extension and the amalgamated product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96865 </DOCNO>
Determinant Expressions for Hyperelliptic Functions (with an Appendix by


  In this paper we give quite pretty generalization of the formula of
Frobenius-Stickelberger to all hyperelliptic curves. The formula of Kiepert is
also generalized by limiting process from the generalization. In Appendix a
determinant expression of D.G. Cantor is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4174 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Methods for Small Molecule High-Throughput Experimentation


  By analogy with Monte Carlo algorithms, we propose new strategies for design
and redesign of small molecule libraries in high-throughput experimentation, or
combinatorial chemistry. Several Monte Carlo methods are examined, including
Metropolis, three types of biased schemes, and composite moves that include
swapping or parallel tempering. Among them, the biased Monte Carlo schemes
exhibit particularly high efficiency in locating optimal compounds. The Monte
Carlo strategies are compared to a genetic algorithm approach. Although the
best compounds identified by the genetic algorithm are comparable to those from
the better Monte Carlo schemes, the diversity of favorable compounds identified
is reduced by roughly 60%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127748 </DOCNO>
A new wide pair of cool white dwarfs in the Solar neighbourhood


  We report the discovery of a wide pair (93 arcsec angular separation) of
extremely cool ($T_{eff}<4000$ K) white dwarfs with a very large common proper
motion ($\sim1.9$ arcsec/yr). The objects were discovered in a high proper
motion survey in the poorly investigated southern sky region with
$\delta<-60^{\circ}$ using SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey (SSS) data. Both objects,
SSSPM J2231-7514 and SSSPM J2231-7515, show featureless optical spectra. Fits
of black-body models to the spectra yield effective temperatures of 3810 K and
3600 K, respectively for the bright (V=16.60) and faint (V=16.87) component.
Both degenerates are much brighter than other recent discoveries of cool white
dwarfs with comparable effective temperatures and/or $B_J-R$ colours.
Therefore, they should be relatively nearby objects. The comparison with other
cool white dwarfs and a photometric distance determination yield distance
estimates between 9 pc and 14 pc. The latter seems to be more realistic, since
the good agreement of the proper motion of both components within the errors of
about 8 mas/yr and the angular separation between the two stars support a
distance of about 15 pc with relatively small masses of the components. With
smaller distance we should be able to measure a differential proper motion due
to orbital motion if the orbital plane is not strongly inclined and the present
orbital velocity vector is not close to the line of sight. The space velocity
based on that distance and assumptions on radial velocity makes the new pair of
extremely cool white dwarfs some of the probably oldest members of the Galactic
disk population, although the possibility that these objects are part of a
Galactic halo dark matter component can also not yet be ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149596 </DOCNO>
Linear Sigma Models for Open Strings


  We formulate and study a class of massive N=2 supersymmetric gauge field
theories coupled to boundary degrees of freedom on the strip. For some values
of the parameters, the infrared limits of these theories can be interpreted as
open string sigma models describing D-branes in large-radius Calabi-Yau
compactifications. For other values of the parameters, these theories flow to
CFTs describing branes in more exotic, non-geometric phases of the Calabi-Yau
moduli space such as the Landau-Ginzburg orbifold phase. Some simple properties
of the branes (like large radius monodromies and spectra of worldvolume
excitations) can be computed in our model. We also provide simple worldsheet
models of the transitions which occur at loci of marginal stability, and of
Higgs-Coulomb transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2467 </DOCNO>
Free carrier effects in gallium nitride epilayers: the valence band


  The dispersion of the A-valence-band in GaN has been deduced from the
observation of high-index magneto-excitonic states in polarised interband
magneto-reflectivity and is found to be strongly non-parabolic with a mass in
the range 1.2-1.8 m_{e}. It matches the theory of Kim et al. [Phys. Rev. B 56,
7363 (1997)] extremely well, which also gives a strong k-dependent
A-valence-band mass. A strong phonon coupling leads to quenching of the
observed transitions at an LO-phonon energy above the band gap and a strong
non-parabolicity. The valence band was deduced from subtracting from the
reduced dispersion the electron contribution with a model that includes a full
treatment of the electron-phonon interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1412 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model: a simple description


  The electron spectrum structure in the half-filled Hubbard model is
considered in terms of the one-particle Green's functions within many-electron
representation. A simple analytical generalization of the single-site
Hubbard-III approximation is obtained, which takes into account the Fermi
excitations (Kondo terms). The problem of the metal-insulator transition is
investigated. The occurrence of a three-peak density-of-states structure
including the "Kondo" peak at the Fermi level is discussed. A comparison with
large-d calculations is performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96079 </DOCNO>
Approximations of Strongly Singular Evolution Equations


  The problem of specification of self-adjoint operators corresponding to
singular bilinear forms is very important for applications, such as quantum
field theory and theory of partial differential equations with coefficient
functions being distributions. In particular, the formal expression $-\Delta +
g\delta({\bold x})$ corresponds to a non-trivial self-adjoint operator
$\hat{H}$ in the space $L^2({\Bbb R}^d)$ only if $d\le 3$. For spaces of larger
dimensions (this corresponds to the strongly singular case), the construction
of $\hat{H}$ is much more complicated: first one should consider the space
$L^2({\Bbb R}^d)$ as a subspace of a wider Pontriagin space, then one
implicitly specifies $\hat{H}$. It is shown in this paper that Schrodinger,
parabolic and hyperbolic equations containing the operator $\hat{H}$ can be
approximated by explicitly defined systems of evolution equations of a larger
order. The strong convergence of evolution operators taking the initial
condition of the Cauchy problem to the solution of the Cauchy problem is
proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97957 </DOCNO>
Mellin transforms of p-adic Whittaker functions


  It is shown that Mellin transforms of p-adic Whittaker functions exist for
generic characters. For good choices of vectors they are rational functions.
For class one vectors they can be calculated explicitly. It turns out that they
are automorphic L-factors times normalization factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86544 </DOCNO>
Analog gravity from electrodynamics in non-linear media


  Working with electrodynamics in the geometrical optics approximation we
derive the expression representing an effectively curved geometry which guides
the propagation of electromagnetic waves in material media whose physical
properties depend on an external electric field. The issue of birefringence is
addressed, and the trajectory of the extraordinary ray is explicitly worked
out. Quite general curves are obtained for the path of the light ray by
suitably setting an electric field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1322 </DOCNO>
Condensed phases of gases inside nanotube bundles


  An overview is presented of the various phases predicted to occur when gases
are absorbed within a bundle of carbon nanotubes. The behavior may be
characterized by an effective dimensionality, which depends on the species and
the temperature. Small molecules are strongly attracted to the interstitial
channels between tubes. There, they undergo transitions between ordered and
disordered quasi-one dimensional (1D) phases. Both small and large molecules
display 1D and /or 2D phase behavior when adsorbed within the nanotubes,
depending on the species and thermodynamic conditions. Finally, molecules
adsorbed on the external surface of the bundle exhibit 1D behavior (striped
phases), which crosses over to 2D behavior (monolayer film) and eventually 3D
behavior (thick film) as the coverage is increased. The various phases exhibit
a wide variety of thermal and other properties that we discuss here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114049 </DOCNO>
A Storage Ring for Neutral Atoms


  We have demonstrated a storage ring for ultra-cold neutral atoms. Atoms with
mean velocities of 1 m/s corresponding to kinetic energies of ~100 neV are
confined to a 2 cm diameter ring by magnetic forces produced by two
current-carrying wires. Up to 10^6 atoms are loaded at a time in the ring, and
7 revolutions are clearly observed. Additionally, we have demonstrated multiple
loading of the ring and deterministic manipulation of the longitudinal velocity
distribution of the atoms using applied laser pulses. Applications of this ring
include large area atom interferometers and cw monochromatic atomic beam
generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126573 </DOCNO>
A multiwavelength strategy for identifying celestial gamma-ray sources


  The vast majority of the high-energy gamma-ray sources discovered by EGRET
are still unidentified. Percentages range from 50% at high galactic latitudes,
where blazars are responsible for almost all identified sources, to more than
90% near the galactic plane, where isolated neutron stars appear to be the only
certified class of sources of high energy gamma-rays. In spite of all the
efforts devoted to the identification problem, the only success story, so far,
appears to be the chase for Geminga, where X-rays led the way to eventual
optical identification. Similar searches are now starting to produce
encouraging results, although none has reached, as yet, a certified
identification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126362 </DOCNO>
A model of spectral galaxy evolution including the effects of nebular


  This paper presents a new spectral evolutionary model of galaxies, properly
taking the effects of nebular emission and pre-main sequence evolution into
account. The impact of these features in different photometric filters is
evaluated, along with the influence that variations in the physical conditions
of the gas may have on broadband colours, line ratios and equivalent widths.
Inclusion of nebular emission is demonstrated to radically change the predicted
ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared colours during active star formation.
Pre-main sequence evolution is also seen to give a non-negligible contribution
to the luminosity in the near-infrared during the first few millions years of
evolution and should not be omitted when very young systems are being modelled.
Finally, we present a comparison of our predictions to observations and two
other recent codes of evolutionary synthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168552 </DOCNO>
Delayed-choice measurement and temporal nonlocality


  We study for a composite quantum system with a quantum Turing architecture
the temporal non-locality of quantum mechanics by using the temporal Bell
inequality, which will be derived for a discretized network dynamics by
identifying the subsystem indices with (discrete) parameter time. However, the
direct ``observation'' of the quantum system will lead to no violation of the
temporal Bell inequality and to consistent histories of any subsystem. Its
violation can be demonstrated, though, for a delayed-choice measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179206 </DOCNO>
Is the collective IBM space exhausted only by the valence shell?


  Interpretation of the B(E2) values at energies higher the first backbending
indicates that the maximum boson of IBM has to increase with energy and spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179549 </DOCNO>
Structure of the proton drip line nucleus $^{17}$F


  The odd $A$ proton drip line nucleus $^{17}$F has been studied in a
semi-microscopic model which couples proton quasiparticle motion to the
vibrational motion of the neighbouring even-even $^{18}$Ne core. The
experimentally observed low lying excitation spectrum, electric quadrupole
moment, magnetic dipole moment, $B(E1)$ and $B(E2)$ values have been fairly
well reproducd. The calculated rms radius of the first excited state is well
reproduced and is found to be larger than that of the ground state which agrees
with the experimental observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76904 </DOCNO>
Status of the CKM matrix


  An updated determination of the parameters of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa
matrix is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41569 </DOCNO>
Vertex Detection for a Charm Tag in e+e- -> W+W- at a High Energy


  The study of the process $e^+e^- \to W^+W^-$ at Linear Collider energies
presents a good opportunity to investigate anomalous triple gauge boson
couplings and $W^+_LW^-_L$ rescattering. The helicity analysis of the $e^+e^-
\to W^+_LW^-_L$ decays will benefit if the charm quark containing jet can be
identified for events which contain one hadronic $W$ boson decay to a charm and
another quark. A JAVA implementation of the SLD collaboration's topological
vertex finding algorithm (ZVTOP) in the linear collider analysis framework has
been used to extract charm tag efficiencies and purities based on vertex
multiplicities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127460 </DOCNO>
Follow-up observations from observatories based in Spain


  We present a review of the follow-up observations carried out from
observatories located in Spain; Calar-Alto, Izanha and Roque de Los Muchachos.
It summarizes the observations carried out by our group for 27 GRBs occurred in
the period 1999-2000, spanning from GRB 990123 to GRB 001007.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74027 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Without Universality: CP Violation and Mixing in B Mesons


  We study flavour physics and CP violation in the context of low energy
Supersymmetry with non-universal soft mass terms for sfermions. Large
deviations from Standard Model predictions are allowed in B-physics, as shown
in two explicit examples. In particular, the consequences of these models for
a_(J/\psi K) and Delta m_(B_s) are worked out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3318 </DOCNO>
Optical absorption in the soliton-lattice state of a double-quantum-well


  When the separation between layers in a double-quantum-well system is
sufficiently small, the ground state of the two-dimensional electron gas at
filling factor 1 has an interwell phase coherence even in the absence of
tunneling. For non-zero tunneling, this coherent state goes through a
commensurate-incommensurate transition as the sample is tilted with respect to
the quantizing magnetic field at filling factor 1. In this article, we compute
the optical (infrared) absorption spectrum of the coherent state from the
commensurate state at small tilt angle to the soliton-lattice state at larger
tilt angle and comment on the possibility of observing experimentally the
distinctive signature of the soliton lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150244 </DOCNO>
Closed-String Tachyons and the Hagedorn Transition in AdS Space


  We discuss some aspects of the behaviour of a string gas at the Hagedorn
temperature from a Euclidean point of view. Using AdS space as an infrared
regulator, the Hagedorn tachyon can be effectively quasi-localized and its
dynamics controled by a finite energetic balance. We propose that the off-shell
RG flow matches to an Euclidean AdS black hole geometry in a generalization of
the string/black-hole correspondence principle. The final stage of the RG flow
can be interpreted semiclassically as the growth of a cool black hole in a
hotter radiation bath. The end-point of the condensation is the large Euclidean
AdS black hole, and the part of spacetime behind the horizon has been removed.
In the flat-space limit, holography is manifest by the system creating its own
transverse screen at infinity. This leads to an argument, based on the
energetics of the system, explaining why the non-supersymmetric type 0A string
theory decays into the supersymmetric type IIB vacuum. We also suggest a notion
of `boundary entropy', the value of which decreases along the line of flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81029 </DOCNO>
Domain Wall Fermion Study of Scaling in Non-perturbative Renormalization


  We compute non--perturbatively the renormalization coefficients of scalar and
pseudoscalar operators, local vector and axial currents, conserved vector and
axial currents, and $O_{LL}^{\Delta S=2}$ over a wide range of energy scales
using a scaling technique that connects the results of simulations at different
values of coupling $\beta$. We use the domain wall fermion formulation in the
quenched approximation at a series of three values of $\beta, 6.0, 6.45, 7.05$
corresponding to lattice spacing scaling by factors of two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149810 </DOCNO>
Deconstructing (2,0) and Little String Theories


  We argue that two four-dimensional strongly coupled superconformal field
theories, on the Higgs branch in certain large N limits, become respectively
(2,0) theory and (1,1) little string theory in six dimensions. We identify the
spectrum of states responsible for the generation of the two extra dimensions
and string winding modes. We establish the equivalence using orbifold
realizations of the field theories and exploiting string dualities. We also
speculate on deconstructions of M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179081 </DOCNO>
A link of information entropy and kinetic energy for quantum many-body


  A direct connection of information entropy $S$ and kinetic energy $T$ is
obtained for nuclei and atomic clusters, which establishes $T$ as a measure of
the information in a distribution. It is conjectured that this is a universal
property for fermionic many-body systems. We also check rigorous inequalities
previously found to hold between S and T for atoms and verify that they hold
for nuclei and atomic clusters as well. These inequalities give a relationship
of Shannon's information entropy in position-space with an experimental
quantity i.e. the rms radius of nuclei and clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7265 </DOCNO>
Finite-lattice expansion for Ising models on quasiperiodic tilings


  Low-temperature series are calculated for the free energy, magnetisation,
susceptibility and field-derivatives of the susceptibility in the Ising model
on the quasiperiodic Penrose lattice. The series are computed to order 20 and
estimates of the critical exponents alpha, beta and gamma are obtained from
Pade approximants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128585 </DOCNO>
The first close-up of the "flip-flop" phenomenon in a single star


  We present temperature maps of the active late-type giant FK Com which
exhibit the first imagining record of the ``flip-flop'' phenomenon in a single
star. The phenomenon, in which the main part of the spot activity shifts 180
degrees in longitude, discovered a decade ago in FK Com, was reported later
also in a number of RS CVn binaries and a single young dwarf. With the surface
images obtained right before and after the ``flip-flop'', we clearly show that
the ``flip-flop'' phenomenon in FK Com is caused by changing the relative
strengths of the spot groups at the two active longitudes, with no actual spot
movements across the stellar surface, i.e. exactly as it happens in other
active stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149175 </DOCNO>
Scattering Angle Dependence of Weak Mixing Angle at Noncommutative Mass


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced.
This paper is withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73847 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Masses and Lepton Flavour Violation in Thick Brane Scenarios


  We address the issue of lepton flavour violation and neutrino masses in the
``fat-brane'' paradigm, where flavour changing processes are suppressed by
localising different fermion field wave-functions at different positions (in
the extra dimensions) in a thick brane. We study the consequences of
suppressing lepton number violating charged lepton decays within this scenario
for lepton masses and mixing angles. In particular, we find that charged lepton
mass matrices are constrained to be quasi-diagonal. We further consider whether
the same paradigm can be used to naturally explain small Dirac neutrino masses
by considering the existence of three right-handed neutrinos in the brane, and
discuss the requirements to obtain phenomenologically viable neutrino masses
and mixing angles. Finally, we examine models where neutrinos obtain a small
Majorana mass by breaking lepton number in a far away brane and show that, if
the fat-brane paradigm is the solution to the absence of lepton number
violating charged lepton decays, such models predict, in the absence of flavour
symmetries, that charged lepton flavour violation will be observed in the next
round of rare muon/tau decay experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149072 </DOCNO>
Generalization of the U_q(gl(N)) algebra and staggered models


  We develop a technique of construction of integrable models with a Z_2
grading of both the auxiliary (chain) and quantum (time) spaces. These models
have a staggered disposition of the anisotropy parameter. The corresponding
Yang-Baxter Equations are written down and their solution for the gl(N) case
are found. We analyze in details the N=2 case and find the corresponding
quantum group behind this solution. It can be regarded as quantum
U_{q,B}(gl(2)) group with a matrix deformation parameter qB with (qB)^2=q^2.
The symmetry behind these models can also be interpreted as the tensor product
of the (-1)-Weyl algebra by an extension of U_q(gl(N)) with a Cartan generator
related to deformation parameter -1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113850 </DOCNO>
Theory of diffraction for 2D photonic crystals with a boundary


  We extend a modal theory of diffraction by a set of parallel fibers to deal
with the case of a hard boundary: that is a structure made for instance of
air-holes inside a dielectric matrix. Numerical examples are given concerning
some resonant phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169207 </DOCNO>
General Scheme for Super Dense Coding between Multi-Parties


  Dense coding or super-dense coding in the case of high-dimension quantum
states between two parties and multi-parties has been studied in this paper. We
construct explicitly the measurement basis and the forms of the single-body
unitary operations corresponding to the basis chosen, and the rules for
selecting the one-body unitary operations in a multi-party case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96763 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic Structure Arising from a Knot Invariant


  We study the knot invariant based on the quantum dilogarithm function. This
invariant can be regarded as a non-compact analogue of Kashaev's invariant, or
the colored Jones invariant, and is defined by an integral form. The
3-dimensional picture of our invariant originates from the pentagon identity of
the quantum dilogarithm function, and we show that the hyperbolicity
consistency conditions in gluing polyhedra arise naturally in the classical
limit as the saddle point equation of our invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149993 </DOCNO>
Entropy of Operator-valued Random Variables: A Variational Principle for


  We show that, in 't Hooft's large N limit, matrix models can be formulated as
a classical theory whose equations of motion are the factorized
Schwinger--Dyson equations. We discover an action principle for this classical
theory. This action contains a universal term describing the entropy of the
non-commutative probability distributions. We show that this entropy is a
nontrivial 1-cocycle of the non-commutative analogue of the diffeomorphism
group and derive an explicit formula for it. The action principle allows us to
solve matrix models using novel variational approximation methods; in the
simple cases where comparisons with other methods are possible, we get
reasonable agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124640 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Emission from Active Galactic Nuclei - an Overview


  Gamma-ray emission from AGN provides us with unprecedented insights into the
physics of extragalactic jets. The emission from these jets fits naturally into
the existing theoretical framework of relativistic jets as inferred from parsec
scale and kiloparsec scale observations. Models of the $\gamma$-ray fluxes give
us important knowledge of jet parameters, in particular magnetic fields and the
size of the emitting region. For example, in the case of Markarian~501, the jet
plasma is subequipartiion and the energy flux is particle dominated. Discussion
of the physics of jets on the sub-parsec scale leads naturally to questions of
jet composition. The dynamics of jets are consistent with conventional
electron-proton composition if the minimum Lorentz factors, $\gamma_{\rm min} >
100$. Jets can be electron-positron if $\gamma_{\rm min} \approx 100$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128732 </DOCNO>
The Thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect : a powerful probe for missing


  About 90% of baryons in the universe have thus far escaped direct
observation. This is known as the {\it missing baryon problem}. The Sunyaev
Zel'dovich effect (SZ effect) has the potential to directly measure the state
of the majority of these missing baryons. The next generation CMB experiments
such as AMIBA will provide an unbiased sample of the intergalactic medium
through the SZ effect. The existing and upcoming simulations and analytical
studies provide a quantitative understanding of the SZ effect. All these make
the SZ effect a powerful baryon probe. We present an overview of this probe
from both phenomelogical and theoretical aspects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148171 </DOCNO>
Type IIB orientifolds with discrete torsion


  We consider compact four-dimensional ${\bf Z_N}\times {\bf Z_M}$ type IIB
orientifolds, for certain values of $N$ and $M$. We allow the additional
feature of discrete torsion and discuss the modification of the consistency
conditions arising from tadpole cancellation. We point out the differences
between the cases with and without discrete torsion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125865 </DOCNO>
The white dwarf revealed in the intermediate polar V709 Cassiopeiae


  Results are presented from the first detailed spectroscopic observations of
the recently identified intermediate polar RXJ0028.8+5917/V709 Cas. The study
of the emission line radial velocities allows us to remove the uncertainties on
the different aliases of the orbital period and a best value is found at
(0.2225 +/- 0.0002) day. It is also found that the system shows significant EW~
(2-4)A, broad absorptions affecting the Balmer lines from Hdelta to Hbeta.
These broad absorptions are interpreted as the contribution of an underlying
white dwarf atmosphere. The characteristics of the absorptions are found to be
consistent with a DA log(g) = 8 white dwarf at a temperature of ~ 23 000 K,
contributing ~ 17 % (at 4500 A) to the overall flux. This is the first direct
detection of a white dwarf in an intermediate polar system. The absence of
significant Zeeman splitting indicates a magnetic field lower than 10 MG,
confirming that, at least in some cases, intermediate polars have weaker fields
than polars. Different possibilities are discussed to explain the substantial
contribution of the white dwarf to the overall flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75489 </DOCNO>
Recent Developments in the Nuclear Many-Body Problem


  The study of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) over the past quarter century has
had relatively little impact on the traditional approach to the low-energy
nuclear many-body problem. Recent developments are changing this situation. New
experimental capabilities and theoretical approaches are opening windows into
the richness of many-body phenomena in QCD. A common theme is the use of
effective field theory (EFT) methods, which exploit the separation of scales in
physical systems. At low energies, effective field theory can explain how
existing phenomenology emerges from QCD and how to refine it systematically.
More generally, the application of EFT methods to many-body problems promises
insight into the analytic structure of observables, the identification of new
expansion parameters, and a consistent organization of many-body corrections,
with reliable error estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97080 </DOCNO>
Rearrangement Invariant Norms of Symmetric Sequence Norms of Independent


  Let X_1, X_2,..., X_n be a sequence of independent random variables, let M be
a rearrangement invariant space on the underlying probability space, and let N
be a symmetric sequence space. This paper gives an approximate formula for the
quantity || ||(X_i)||_N ||_M whenever L_q embeds into M for some 1 le q <
infty. This extends work of Johnson and Schechtman who tackled the case when N
= l_p, and recent work of Gordon, Litvak, Schuett and Werner who obtained
similar results for Orlicz spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75513 </DOCNO>
Using Tau Polarization to Sharpen up the SUGRA Signal at Tevatron


  The most promising source of SUGRA signal at the Tevatron collider is the
pair-production of electroweak gauginos, followed by their leptonic decay. In
the parameter range corresponding to dominant leptonic decay of these gauginos
one or more of the leptons are expected to be $\tau$ with $P_\tau \simeq +1$.
This polarization can be effectively used to distinguish the signal from the
background in the 1-prong hadronic decay channel of $\tau$ by looking at the
fractional $\tau$-jet momentum carried by the charged prong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99025 </DOCNO>
Cut numbers of 3-manifolds


  The cut number of a manifold M, c(M), is the largest number of disjoint
two-sided hypersurfaces in M which do not separate M. Equivalently, it is the
largest rank of a free group being an epimorphic image of pi_1(M). We
investigate the relations between the cut number and the first Betti number,
b_1(M), of 3-manifolds M. We prove that the cut number of a ``generic''
3-manifold is at most 2. This is a rather unexpected result since it is very
hard to construct specific examples of 3-manifolds with with large b_1(M) and
small c(M). On the other hand, we prove that for any complex semisimple Lie
algebra g there exists a 3-manifold M with b_1(M)=dim g and c(M)<=rank g. Such
manifolds can be explicitly constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174692 </DOCNO>
Gamma-rays from Muon Capture in $^{14}$N


  Many new $\gamma$-rays have been observed, following muon capture on
$^{14}$N. One had been reported before, and the low yield is confirmed,
indicating that the nuclear structure of $^{14}$N is still not understood.
Gamma-rays from $^{13}$C resulting from the reaction
$^{14}$N($\mu^{-}$,$\nu$n)$^{13}$C compare favourably with states observed in
the reaction $^{14}$N($\gamma$,p)$^{13}$C. More precise energies are also given
for the 7017 and 6730 keV $\gamma$-rays in $^{14}$C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123573 </DOCNO>
The shape of "dark matter" halos in disc galaxies according to the


  Analyses of halo shapes for disc galaxies are said to give incongruous
results. I point out that the modified dynamics (MOND) predicts for disc
galaxies a distribution of fictitious dark matter that comprises two
components: a pure disc and a rounder halo. The former dominates the true disc
in regions of small accelerations, where it controls the z-dynamics in the disc
(disc flaring etc.); it has a finite total mass. It also dominates the round
component near the centre where the geometry is nearly planar. The second
component controls motions far from the plane, has a total enclosed mass that
diverges linearly with radius, and determines the rotation curve at large
radii. Its ellipticity may be appreciable at small radii but vanishes
asymptotically. This prediction of MOND differs from what one expects from
galaxy-formation scenarios with dark matter.
  Analyses to date, which, as they do, assume one component--usually with a
constant ellipticity, perforce give conflicting results for the best-value
ellipticity, depending on whether they probe the disc or the sphere, small
radii or large ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123381 </DOCNO>
Science Prospects for SPI


  After the recent beautiful results on gamma-ray lines obtained with CGRO, the
INTEGRAL mission with the imaging-spectrometer SPI will set the next milestone,
combining improved sensitivity and angular resolution with a considerable
increase in spectral resolution. SPI is expected to provide significant new
information on galactic nucleosynthesis processes and star formation activity,
as traced by the distributions of annihilation radiation and radioactive
isotopes such as 26Al and 60Fe. The unprecedented spectral resolution will
allow the study of dynamic processes in stellar mass ejections and will provide
access to kinematic distance estimates for gamma-ray line sources. The study of
supernovae and their remnants will be prime objectives for SPI observations.
Nearby type Ia SN, within 15 Mpc or so, are in reach of the instrument and a
few such events are expected during the lifetime of INTEGRAL. Young galactic
supernova remnants, possibly hidden by interstellar dust, may be unveiled by
their characteristic gamma-ray line signature from the radioactive decay of
44Ti, as has been demonstrated by COMPTEL for Cas A and possibly RX
J0852.0-4622. Classical novae are also among the SPI targets, which may observe
the gamma-ray lines from radioactive 7Be and 22Na. Such observations can
constrain the physics of the nova explosions and will allow to evaluate their
role as nucleosynthesis sites. The interaction of cosmic rays with the dense
matter in molecular clouds may be another source of gamma-ray lines that is
potentially accessible to SPI. Finally after the SIGMA results on Nova Muscae
and 1E1740.7-2942, and a possible 2.223 MeV line detection by COMPTEL, the
search for lines from X novae is another way to participate in the
understanding of the physical conditions in these close binary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75933 </DOCNO>
Gauged $L_\mu - L_\tau$ with Large Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and


  We consider the gauging of $L_\mu - L_\tau$ as an explanation of a possibly
large muon anomalous magnetic moment. We then show how neutrino masses with
bimaximal mixing may be obtained in this framework. We study the novel
phenomenology of the associated gauge boson in the context of present and
future high-energy collider experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125911 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Effects on Magnetar Models of AXPs


  General relativistic bending of light dramatically alters the variability of
X-ray emission originating from the surfaces of ultramagnetic neutron stars. We
construct radiative equilibrium models of such strongly magnetic cooling
neutron stars with light-element atmospheres to compute the angle- and
energy-dependent intensity emerging from their surfaces and find that the
beaming of surface emission is predominantly non-radial. The combination of
this radiation pattern with the calculations of light bending yields pulse
amplitudes that vary non-monotonically with the neutron star compactness and
the size of the emitting region. The significant suppression of the pulse
amplitude for large emitting areas provides very strong constraints on the
mechanisms that can simultaneously produce high periodic variability and X-ray
luminosity. We apply these results to the thermally-emitting magnetar models of
anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), which are bright slowly-rotating X-ray sources
with large pulse amplitudes. We use the observed fluxes and pulse amplitudes
for all known AXPs and show that thermal emission from two antipodal regions on
their surfaces, as predicted by some magnetar models, is inconsistent with
these observed properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129714 </DOCNO>
Radioactivities and nucleosynthesis in SN 1987A


  The nucleosynthesis and production of radioactive elements in SN 1987A are
reviewed. Different methods for estimating the masses of 56Ni, 57Ni, and 44Ti
are discussed, and we conclude that broad band photometry in combination with
time-dependent models for the light curve gives the most reliable estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83539 </DOCNO>
Decomposing Non-Redundant Sharing by Complementation


  Complementation, the inverse of the reduced product operation, is a technique
for systematically finding minimal decompositions of abstract domains. File'
and Ranzato advanced the state of the art by introducing a simple method for
computing a complement. As an application, they considered the extraction by
complementation of the pair-sharing domain PS from the Jacobs and Langen's
set-sharing domain SH. However, since the result of this operation was still
SH, they concluded that PS was too abstract for this. Here, we show that the
source of this result lies not with PS but with SH and, more precisely, with
the redundant information contained in SH with respect to ground-dependencies
and pair-sharing. In fact, a proper decomposition is obtained if the
non-redundant version of SH, PSD, is substituted for SH. To establish the
results for PSD, we define a general schema for subdomains of SH that includes
PSD and Def as special cases. This sheds new light on the structure of PSD and
exposes a natural though unexpected connection between Def and PSD. Moreover,
we substantiate the claim that complementation alone is not sufficient to
obtain truly minimal decompositions of domains. The right solution to this
problem is to first remove redundancies by computing the quotient of the domain
with respect to the observable behavior, and only then decompose it by
complementation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125697 </DOCNO>
Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Simulations of Convection in


  The standard equilibrium for radiation-dominated accretion disks has long
been known to be viscously, thermally, and convectively unstable, but the
nonlinear development of these instabilities---hence the actual state of such
disks---has not yet been identified. By performing local two-dimensional
hydrodynamic simulations of disks, we demonstrate that convective motions can
release heat sufficiently rapidly as to substantially alter the vertical
structure of the disk. If the dissipation rate within a vertical column is
proportional to its mass, the disk settles into a new configuration thinner by
a factor of two than the standard radiation-supported equilibrium. If, on the
other hand, the vertically-integrated dissipation rate is proportional to the
vertically-integrated total pressure, the disk is subject to the well-known
thermal instability. Convection, however, biases the development of this
instability toward collapse. The end result of such a collapse is a gas
pressure-dominated equilibrium at the original column density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96073 </DOCNO>
Uniform bounds for eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on manifolds with


  Let $u$ be an eigenfunction of the Laplacian on a compact manifold with
boundary, with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions, and let $-\lambda^2$
be the corresponding eigenvalue. We consider the problem of estimating the
maximum of $u$ in terms of $\lambda$, for large $\lambda$, assuming $u$ is
$L^2$-normalized. We prove that $\max_M u\leq C_M \lambda^{(n-1)/2}$, which is
optimal for some $M$. Our proof simplifies some of the arguments used before
for such problems. In order to make the article accessible to non-specialists,
we review the 'wave equation method' (which has become standard in asymptotic
eigenvalue problems) and discuss some special cases which may be handled by
more direct methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96914 </DOCNO>
Graded manifolds and Drinfeld doubles for Lie bialgebroids


  We define \textit{graded manifolds} as a version of supermanifolds endowed
with an additional $\mathbb Z$-grading in the structure sheaf, called
\textit{weight} (not linked with parity). Examples are ordinary supermanifolds,
vector bundles over supermanifolds, double vector bundles, iterated
constructions like $TTM$, etc. I give a construction of \textit{doubles} for
\textit{graded} $QS$- and \textit{graded $QP$-manifolds} (graded manifolds
endowed with a homological vector field and a Schouten/Poisson bracket).
Relation is explained with Drinfeld's Lie bialgebras and their doubles. Graded
$QS$-manifolds can be considered, roughly, as ``generalized Lie bialgebroids''.
The double for them is closely related with the analog of Drinfeld's double for
Lie bialgebroids recently suggested by Roytenberg. Lie bialgebroids as a
generalization of Lie bialgebras, over some base manifold, were defined by
Mackenzie and P. Xu. Graded $QP$-manifolds give an {odd version} for all this,
in particular, they contain ``odd analogs'' for Lie bialgebras, Manin triples,
and Drinfeld's double.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96086 </DOCNO>
Jordanian quantum spheres


  We introduce and investigate a one parameter family of quantum spaces
invariant under the left (right) coactions of the group-like element ${\cal
T}_{h}^{(j=1)}$ of the Jordanian function algebra $Fun_{h}(SL(2))$. These
spaces may be regarded as Jordanian quantization of the two-dimensional
spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86159 </DOCNO>
Properties of the quasistationary universe in context of the Big-bang


  Old and new puzzles of cosmology are reexamined from the point of view of
quantum theory of the universe developed here. It is shown that in proposed
approach the difficulties of the standard cosmology do not arise. The theory
predicts the observed dimensions of the nonhomogeneities of matter density and
the amplitude of the fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation
temperature in the Universe and points to a new quantum mechanism of their
origin. It allows to obtain the value of the deceleration parameter which is in
good agreement with the recent SNe Ia measurements. The theory explains the
large value of entropy of the Universe and describes other parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95765 </DOCNO>
Automorphisms and Ideals of the Weyl Algebra


  Let $A_1$ be the (first) Weyl algebra, and let $G$ be its automorphism group.
We study the natural action of $G$ on the space of isomorphism classes of right
ideals of $A_1$ (equivalently, of finitely generated rank 1 torsion-free right
$A_1$-modules). We show that this space breaks up into a countable number of
orbits each of which is a finite dimensional algebraic variety. Our results are
strikingly similar to those for the commutative algebra of polynomials in two
variables; however, we do not know of any general principle that would allow us
to predict this in advance. As a key step in the proof, we obtain a new
description of the bispectral involution of \cite{W1}. We also make some
comments on the group $G$ from the viewpoint of Shafaravich's theory of
infinite dimensional algebraic groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96541 </DOCNO>
A Stochastic Analog of Aubry-Mather Theory


  In this paper we discuss a stochastic analog of Aubry-Mather theory in which
a deterministic control problem is replaced by a controlled diffusion. We prove
the existence of a minimizing measure (Mather measure) and discuss its main
properties using viscosity solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Then we
prove regularity estimates on viscosity solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equation
using the Mather measure. Finally we apply these results to prove asymptotic
estimates on the trajectories of controlled diffusions and study the
convergence of Mather measures as the rate of diffusion vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97489 </DOCNO>
Weyl Orbit Characters and Schur Functions


  For finite Lie algebras, it is shown that characters can be defined first for
Weyl orbits and then for irreducible representations. For $A_N$ Lie algebras,
weight multiplicities can then be calculated by only stating that characters
are equivalent to Schur functions. This also means that to calculate characters
there is no need to sum over Weyl groups. The compatibility with the Weyl
character formula will however be shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148848 </DOCNO>
Brane russian doll


  It is shown that an (n-1)-dimensional inflating brane world instantonically
created from nothing can exist in the region beyond the Rindler horizon of the
Lorentzian spacetime associated with another inflating brane world in n
dimensions which is also instantonically created from nothing. Generalizing
this construction we obtain an unbounded from above tower of successive brane
worlds, each having one more dimension than the one which it nests and one less
dimension than the one which nests it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150076 </DOCNO>
Quantum geometry of the universal hypermultiplet


  The universal hypermultiplet moduli space metric in the type-IIA superstring
theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau threefold is related to integrable systems.
The instanton corrections in four dimensions arise due to multiple wrapping of
BPS membranes and fivebranes around certain (supersymmetric) cycles of
Calabi-Yau. The exact (non-perturbative) metrics can be calculated in the
special cases of (i) the D-instantons (or the wrapped D2-branes) in the absence
of fivebranes, and (ii) the fivebrane instantons with vanishing charges, in the
absence of D-instantons. The solutions of the first type are governed by the
three-dimensional Toda equation, whereas the solutions of the second type are
governed by the particular Painleve VI equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95936 </DOCNO>
Birational geometry of terminal quartic 3-folds. I


  In this paper, we study the birational geometry of certain examples of mildly
singular quartic 3-folds. A quartic 3-fold is an example of a Fano variety,
that is, a variety $X$ with ample anticanonical sheaf $\O_X(-K_X)$. From the
point of view of birational geometry they basically fall within two classes:
either $X$ is ``close to being rational'', and then it has very many
biregularly distinct birational models as a Fano 3-fold, or, at the other
extreme, $X$ has a unique model and it is often even true that every birational
selfmap of $X$ is biregular. In this paper we construct examples of singular
quartic 3-folds with exactly two birational models as Fano 3-folds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75907 </DOCNO>
The Enigma of the Dark Matter


  One of the great scientific enigmas still unsolved, the existence of dark
matter, is reviewed. Simple gravitational arguments imply that most of the mass
in the Universe, at least 90%, is some (unknown) non-luminous matter. Some
particle candidates for dark matter are discussed with particular emphasis on
the neutralino, a particle predicted by the supersymmetric extension of the
Standard Model of particle physics. Experiments searching for these relic
particles, carried out by many groups around the world, are also discussed.
These experiments are becoming more sensitive every year and in fact one of the
collaborations claims that the first direct evidence for dark matter has
already been observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4701 </DOCNO>
Aspect-Ratio Scaling and The Stiffness Exponent $\theta$ for Ising Spin


  We introduce the technique of aspect-ratio scaling to study the
scale-dependence of interfacial energies in Ising spin glasses, and we show how
one can use it to determine the stiffness exponent $\theta$ in a clean way,
with results that are independent of the domain-wall-forcing boundary
conditions imposed on the system. In space dimension d=2 we obtain $\theta =
-0.282(3)$ for a Gaussian distribution of exchange interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125283 </DOCNO>
A re-analysis of the optical light curves of XTE~J2123-058: the mass of


  Rejected by MNRAS due to irregularites in the text. The first author is
solely resposible for this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85697 </DOCNO>
Effective action for scalar fields in two-dimensional gravity


  We consider a general two-dimensional gravity model minimally or nonminimally
coupled to a scalar field. The canonical form of the model is elucidated, and a
general solution of the equations of motion in the massless case is reviewed.
In the presence of a scalar field all geometric fields (zweibein and Lorentz
connection) are excluded from the model by solving exactly their Hamiltonian
equations of motion. In this way the effective equations of motion and the
corresponding effective action for a scalar field is obtained. It is written in
a Minkowskian space-time and does not include any geometric variables. The
effective action arises as a boundary term and is nontrivial both for open and
closed universes. The reason is that unphysical degrees of freedom can not be
compactly supported because they must satisfy the constraint equation. As an
example we consider spherically reduced gravity minimally coupled to a massless
scalar field. The effective action is used to reproduce the Fisher and Roberts
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113775 </DOCNO>
Energetic photoionization of neutral and ionic metal clusters


  We show, with an example of Na_92, that for jellium metal clusters the
interference of fast electron-waves emitted from equivalent sites on the
cluster edge produces monochromatic oscillations in all photoionization
observables as a function of the photoelectron momentum; the effect is
equivalent to the usual dispersion phenomenon. In dealing with formalisms, a
serious consequence of the inadequacy of self-interaction corrected local
density-functional theory in correctly accounting for the exchange interaction
is identified. We also briefly discuss the influence of the ionicity of the
residual core on photospectra by considering the neutral member with N=58 and
and the ionic member with N=52 of the Na_58 iso-jellium series, where N is the
number of valence electrons. A few final remarks on possible implications of
these results on other quantum systems of delocalized electrons are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123719 </DOCNO>
Jets in Quasars


  In my review of jet phenomena in quasars, I focus on the following questions:
How powerful are jets in radio-loud quasars? What is their composition? How are
they launched? And why, in most quasars, are they so weak? I demonstrate the
exceptional role that blazar studies can play in exploring the physics and
structure of the innermost parts of quasar jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76282 </DOCNO>
Gluonic effects in eta and eta-prime physics


  We review the theory and phenomenology of the axial U(1) problem with
emphasis on the role of gluonic degrees of freedom in eta and eta' production
processes, especially the low-energy pN -> pN eta and pN -> pN eta' reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124994 </DOCNO>
High Redshift Quasars and Star Formation History


  Quasars are among the most luminous objects in the universe, and they can be
studied in detail up to the highest known redshift. Assuming that the gas
associated with quasars is closely related to the interstellar medium of the
host galaxy, quasars can be used as tracer of the star formation history in the
early universe. We have observed a small sample of quasars at redshifts 3<z<5
and present results using NV/CIV and NV/HeII as well as MgII/FeII to estimate
the date of the first major star formation epoch. These line ratios indicate
solar and supersolar metallicities of the gas close to the quasars. Assuming
times of tau_{evol} = 1 Gyr the first star formation epoch can be dated to z_f
>= 10, corresponding to an age of the universe of less than 5*10^8 yrs (H_o =
65 km/s/Mpc, Omega_M = 0.3, Omega_Lambda = 0.7).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76372 </DOCNO>
Matter & More in Nuclear Collisions


  The aim of high energy nuclear collisions is to study the transition from
hadronic matter to a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons. I review the basic
questions of this search and summarize recent theoretical developments in the
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96533 </DOCNO>
Decoding method for generalized algebraic geometry codes


  We propose a decoding method for the generalized algebraic geometry codes
proposed by Xing et al. To show its practical usefulness, we give an example of
generalized algebraic geometry codes of length 567 over F_8 whose numbers of
correctable errors by the proposed method are larger than the shortened codes
of the primitive BCH codes of length 4095 in the most range of dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169170 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy Measurement of Entangled Spin States


  We simulate magnetic resonance force microscopy measurements of an entangled
spin state. One of the entangled spins drives the resonant cantilever
vibrations, while the other remote spin does not interact directly with the
quasiclassical cantilever. The Schr\"odinger cat state of the cantilever
reveals two possible outcomes of the measurement for both entangled spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124810 </DOCNO>
A Transition to the Soft State in GRS 1758-258


  Near the end of 2001 February, the black-hole candidate (BHC) GRS 1758-258
made an abrupt transition from a standard hard (low) state to a soft state.
Unlike Cyg X-1 and other BHCs, whose luminosity increases during this
transition, GRS 1758-258 was dimmer after the transition. We present
observations with the Proportional Counter Array on the Rossi X-ray Timing
Explorer and interpret the phenomenon in the context of a ``dynamical'' soft
state model. Using this model we predicted that mass transfer from the
companion had ceased, and that the luminosity should decay on a timescale of a
few weeks. The most recent data support this prediction, being consistent with
a decay time of 34 dy. The current state is consistent with the ``off'' state
of GRS 1758-258 reported by GRANAT/Sigma in 1991-1992.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73755 </DOCNO>
Topics in Lorentz and CPT Violation


  This talk outlines some recent theoretical developments in Lorentz and CPT
violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129670 </DOCNO>
Neural networks as a tool for parameter estimation in astrophysical data


  We present a neural net algorithm for parameter estimation in the context of
large cosmological data sets. Cosmological data sets present a particular
challenge to pattern-recognition algorithms since the input patterns (galaxy
redshift surveys, maps of cosmic microwave background anisotropy) are not fixed
templates overlaid with random noise, but rather are random realizations whose
information content lies in the correlations between data points. We train a
``committee'' of neural nets to distinguish between Monte Carlo simulations at
fixed parameter values. Sampling the trained networks using additional Monte
Carlo simulations generated at intermediate parameter values allows accurate
interpolation to parameter values for which the networks were never trained.
The Monte Carlo samples automatically provide the probability distributions and
truth tables required for either a frequentist or Bayseian analysis of the one
observable sky. We demonstrate that neural networks provide unbiased parameter
estimation with comparable precision as maximum-likelihood algorithms but
significant computational savings. In the context of CMB anisotropies, the
computational cost for parameter estimation via neural networks scales as
$N^{3/2}$. The results are insensitive to the noise levels and sampling schemes
typical of large cosmological data sets and provide a desirable tool for the
new generation of large, complex data sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5293 </DOCNO>
Phase Separation in the Two-Dimensional Systems of Strongly Correlated


  By paying attention to the hole-doped two-dimensional systems of
antiferromagnetically (strongly) correlated electrons, we discuss the cause of
hole-rich phase formation in association with phase separation. We show that
the phase diagram obtained from the Maxwell's construction in the plane of
temperature vs. hole density is consistent with one derived from the evaluation
of hole-rich and electron-rich phases in real space. We observe that the
formation of a hole-rich phase is attributed to the aggregation of hole pairs
induced by spin singlet pairs present in the pseudogap phase and that a direct
involvement of correlations between hole pairs are not essential for phase
separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148955 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Lump Solutions of Bosonic D-branes on SU(2) Group Manifolds in


  We construct tachyon lump solutions of bosonic D2-branes on SU(2) group
manifolds by level truncation approximation in cubic string field theory, which
are regarded as D0-branes. The energies for these solutions show good agreement
with the expected values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3371 </DOCNO>
Multifractal properties of growing networks


  We introduce a new family of models for growing networks. In these networks
new edges are attached preferentially to vertices with higher number of
connections, and new vertices are created by already existing ones, inheriting
part of their parent's connections. We show that combination of these two
features produces multifractal degree distributions, where degree is the number
of connections of a vertex. An exact multifractal distribution is found for a
nontrivial model of this class. The distribution tends to a power-law one, $\Pi
(q) \sim q^{-\gamma}$, $\gamma =\sqrt{2}$ in the infinite network limit.
Nevertheless, for finite networks's sizes, because of multifractality, attempts
to interpret the distribution as a scale-free would result in an ambiguous
value of the exponent $\gamma $.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81182 </DOCNO>
Heatbath Noise Methods in Lattice QCD


  In a recent paper, de Forcrand has pointed out that matrix inversions using
Gaussian noise need not be iterated to full convergence, but instead may be
solved approximately and treated as a heatbath. Gaussian noise however is not
optimal for minimizing variance. It shown here how his algorithm may be
generalized to a mixture of Gaussian and Z(N) noise, resulting in a smaller
effective variance for some operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 315 </DOCNO>
Quasiperiodic Tip Splitting in Directional Solidification


  We report experimental results on the tip splitting dynamics of seaweed
growth in directional solidification of succinonitrile alloys with
poly(ethylene oxide) or acetone as solutes. The seaweed or dense branching
morphology was selected by solidifying grains which are oriented close to the
{111} plane. Despite the random appearance of the growth, a quasiperiodic tip
splitting morphology was observed in which the tip alternately splits to the
left and to the right. The tip splitting frequency f was found to be related to
the growth velocity V as a power law f <proportional to> V^{1.5}. This finding
is consistent with the predictions of a tip splitting model that is also
presented. Small anisotropies are shown to lead to different kinds of seaweed
morphologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7364 </DOCNO>
Theory of Electron Phenomena in Deformed Crystals


  On this article there are presented the main results of the theory of
electron phenomena in an unordered condensed matter that can be described as an
inhomogeneously deformed crystalline lattice with dislocations. The
one-electron effective Hamiltonian is derived by introducing a new basis for
the expansion of the sought functions. It allows to overcome the difficulty of
the discontinuity of the displacement field. The same method is used for the
derivation of the equations for eigentones of a deformed crystal, and the
equations of the theory of dynamical scattering of electrons by it. The general
problem of the description of the totality of electron states in a deformed
crystal is discussed, and some new solutions describing localized electron or
vibration states are obtained. There is derived and researched the equation of
an electrical field generated by the deformation in a crystal with
consideration for the interaction of electrons and ions by self-consisted field
theory. The tensor kinetic coefficients are obtained, which are proportional to
the deformation tensor. Such kind of these coefficients can explain some
experimental effects. The appearing of the local superconducting regions and
the subsidiary solenoidal current that is generated by a transport one in a
deformed superconductor is considered. The behavior and properties of the
Abrikosov's vortex in anisotropic and/or deformed superconductors are
researched. In more detail this theory has been published in the monograph by
the same author of the same title in Russian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97275 </DOCNO>
Distribution Functions for Random Variables for Ensembles of positive


  Distribution functions for random variables that depend on a parameter are
computed asymptotically for ensembles of positive Hermitian matrices. The
inverse Fourier transform of the distribution is shown to be a Fredholm
determinant of a certain operator that is an analogue of a Wiener-Hopf
operator. The asymptotic formula shows that up to the terms of order $o(1)$,
the distributions are Gaussian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4869 </DOCNO>
Magnetically-induced reconstructions of the ground state in a


  We report unexpected fluctuations in the positions of Coulomb blockade peaks
at high magnetic fields in a small Si quantum dot. The fluctuations have a
distinctive saw-tooth pattern: as a function of magnetic field, linear shifts
of peak positions are compensated by abrupt jumps in the opposite direction.
The linear shifts have large slopes, suggesting formation of the ground state
with a non-zero angular momentum. The value of the momentum is found to be well
defined, despite the absence of the rotational symmetry in the dot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125206 </DOCNO>
The Origin of C IV Absorption Systems at Redshifts z<1---Discovery of


  (Abridged) We report the discovery of extended CIV gaseous envelopes around
galaxies of a wide range of luminosity and morphological type. First, we show
that CIV absorption systems are strongly clustered around galaxies on velocity
scales of v < 250 km/s and impact parameter scales of rho < 100 h^{-1} kpc but
not on larger velocity or impact parameter scales. Next, adopting measurements
of galaxy properties presented in previous papers, we examine how properties of
the CIV absorption systems depend on properties of the galaxies. On the basis
of 14 galaxy and absorber pairs and 36 galaxies that do not produce
corresponding CIV absorption lines to within sensitive upper limits, we find
that: (1) Galaxies of a range of morphological type and luminosity appear to
possess extended CIV gaseous envelopes of radius R ~ 100 h^{-1} kpc, with
abrupt boundaries between the CIV absorbing and non-absorbing regions. (2) The
extent of CIV-absorbing gas around galaxies scales with galaxy B-band
luminosity as R \propto L_B^{0.5 +/- 0.1} but does not depend strongly on
galaxy surface brightness, redshift, or morphological type. And (3) the
covering factor of CIV clouds within ~ 100 h^{-1} kpc of galaxies is nearly
unity, but there is a large scatter in the mean number of clouds encountered
along the line of sight. The most significant implication of the study is that
galaxies of a wide range of luminosity and morphological type are surrounded by
chemically enriched gas that extends for at least ~ 100 h^{-1} kpc. We consider
various scenarios that may have produced metals at large galactic distance and
conclude that accreting satellites are most likely to be responsible for
chemically enriched gas at large galactic distances to regular looking
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148423 </DOCNO>
Massive fields in AdS(3) and compactification in AdS spacetime


  Massive arbitrary spin fields in AdS(3) spacetime are discussed in a
framework of light-cone gauge formulation. We also consider compactification of
AdS spacetime on manifold which is warped product of AdS space and sphere. Mass
spectra of massless and massive fields upon such compactification are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148390 </DOCNO>
Vacuum states of N=1* mass deformations of N=4 and N=2 conformal gauge


  We find the classical supersymmetric vacuum states of a class of N = 1* field
theories obtained by mass deforming superconformal models with simple gauge
groups and N = 4 or N =2 supersymmetry. In particular, new classical vacuum
states for mass-deformed N = 4 models with Sp(2N) and SO(N) gauge symmetry are
found. We also derive the classical vacua for various mass-deformed N=2 models
with Sp(2N) and SU(N) gauge groups and antisymmetric (and symmetric)
hypermultiplets. We suggest interpretations of the mass-deformed vacua in terms
of three-branes expanded into five-brane configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148673 </DOCNO>
A Note on Unitarity of Non-Relativistic Non-Commutative Theories


  We analyze the unitarity of a non-relativistic non-commutative scalar field
theory. We show that electric backgrounds spoil unitarity while magnetic ones
do not. Furthermore, unlike its relativistic counterparts, unitarity can not be
restored (at least at the level of one-to-one scattering amplitude) by adding
new states to the theory. This is a signal that the model cannot be embedded in
a natural way in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2048 </DOCNO>
Dipolar induced anisotropy in the random-field Ising model


  The crystalline ferromagnet with dipole-dipole interactions is studied within
the framework of the three-dimensional random-field Ising model. The field
distribution function and the analytic expression for temperature dependent
free energy are found. The dipolar induced magnetic anisotropy energy of bulk
cubic ferromagnetic materials is calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168323 </DOCNO>
Multipartite entangled coherent states


  We propose a scheme for generating multipartite entangled coherent states via
entanglement swapping, with an example of a physical realization in ion traps.
Bipartite entanglement of these multipartite states is quantified by the
concurrence. We also use the $N$--tangle to compute multipartite entanglement
for certain systems. Finally we establish that these results for entanglement
can be applied to more general multipartite entangled nonorthogonal states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40946 </DOCNO>
Search for a fermiophobic Higgs at LEP 2


  Higgs bosons predicted by the fermiophobic scenario within Two Higgs Doublets
Models were searched for in the data collected by the DELPHI detector at
centre-of-mass energies between 189 GeV and 202 GeV, corresponding to a total
integrated luminosity of 380 pb^{-1}. No signal was found and confidence limits
were derived in the framework of possible extensions of the Standard Model
Higgs sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149768 </DOCNO>
Induced commutative Chern-Simons term from noncommutativity in planar


  We test the consistency of the use of a noncommutative theory description for
charged particles in a strong magnetic field, by deriving the induced
Chern-Simons (CS) term for an external Abelian gauge field in 2+1 dimensions.
In this description, the system is modeled by a noncommutative matter field
coupled to a U(1) noncommutative gauge field, related to the original,
commutative one, by a Seiberg-Witten transformation. We show that an Abelian CS
term for the commutative gauge field is indeed induced, and moreover that it
matches the result of previous commutative field theory calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126578 </DOCNO>
Mass ratios of the components in T Tauri binary systems and implications


  Using near-infrared speckle interferometry we have obtained resolved
JHK-photometry for the components of 58 young binary systems. From these
measurements, combined with other data taken from literature, we derive masses
and particularly mass ratios of the components. We use the J-magnitude as an
indicator for the stellar luminosity and assign the optical spectral type of
the system to the primary. On the assumption that the components within a
binary are coeval we can then place also the secondaries into the HRD and
derive masses and mass ratios for both components by comparison with different
sets of current theoretical pre-main sequence evolutionary tracks. The
resulting distribution of mass ratios is comparatively flat for M(2)/M(1) >
0.2, but depends on assumed evolutionary tracks. The mass ratio is neither
correlated with the primary's mass or the components' separation. These
findings are in line with the assumption that for most multiple systems in T
associations the components' masses are principally determined by fragmentation
during formation and not by the following accretion processes. Only very few
unusually red objects were newly found among the detected companions. This
finding shows that the observed overabundance of binaries in the Taurus-Auriga
association compared to nearby main sequence stars should be real and not the
outcome of observational biases related to infrared observing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179257 </DOCNO>
Benchmark Test Calculation of a Four-Nucleon Bound State


  In the past, several efficient methods have been developed to solve the
Schroedinger equation for four-nucleon bound states accurately. These are the
Faddeev-Yakubovsky, the coupled-rearrangement-channel Gaussian-basis
variational, the stochastic variational, the hyperspherical variational, the
Green's function Monte Carlo, the no-core shell model and the effective
interaction hyperspherical harmonic methods. In this article we compare the
energy eigenvalue results and some wave function properties using the realistic
AV8' NN interaction. The results of all schemes agree very well showing the
high accuracy of our present ability to calculate the four-nucleon bound state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74619 </DOCNO>
Pseudoscalar Meson Mixing in Effective Field Theory


  We show that for any effective field theory of colorless meson fields, the
mixing schemes of particle states and decay constants are not only related but
also determined exclusively by the kinetic and mass Lagrangian densities. In
the general case, these are bilinear in terms of the intrinsic fields and
involve non-diagonal kinetic and mass matrices. By applying three consecutive
steps this Lagrangian can be reduced into the standard quadratic form in terms
of the physical fields. These steps are : (i) the diagonalization of the
kinetic matrix, (ii) rescaling of the fields, and (iii) the diagonalization of
the mass matrix. In case, where the dimensions of the non-diagonal kinetic and
mass sub-matrices are respectively, $k\times k$ and $n\times n$, this procedure
leads to mixing schemes which involve $[k(k-1)/2] + [n(n-1)/2]$ angles and $k$
field rescaling parameters. This observation holds true irrespective with the
type of particle interactions presumed. The commonly used mixing schemes,
correspond to a proper choice of the kinetic and mass matrices, and are derived
as special cases. In particular, $\eta$-$\eta '$ mixing, requires one angle, if
and only if, the kinetic term with the intrinsic fields has a quadratic form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86089 </DOCNO>
Dimensional Reduction via Noncommutative Spacetime: Bootstrap and


  Unlike noncommutative space, when space and time are noncommutative, it seems
necessary to modify the usual scheme of quantum mechanics. We propose in this
paper a simple generalization of the time evolution equation in quantum
mechanics to incorporate the feature of a noncommutative spacetime. This
equation is much more constraining than the usual Schr\"odinger equation in
that the spatial dimension noncommuting with time is effectively reduced to a
point in low energy. We thus call the new evolution equation the spacetime
bootstrap equation, the dimensional reduction called for by this evolution
seems close to what is required by the holographic principle. We will discuss
several examples to demonstrate this point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168537 </DOCNO>
Spin-Space Entanglement Transfer and Quantum Statistics


  Both the topics of entanglement and particle statistics have aroused enormous
research interest since the advent of quantum mechanics. Using two pairs of
entangled particles we show that indistinguishability enforces a transfer of
entanglement from the internal to the spatial degrees of freedom without any
interaction between these degrees of freedom. Moreover, sub-ensembles selected
by local measurements of the path will in general have different amounts of
entanglement in the internal degrees of freedom depending on the statistics
(either fermionic or bosonic) of the particles involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 893 </DOCNO>
Electron-Phonon or Hole Superconductivity in $MgB_2$?


  The BCS electron-phonon mechanism and the unconventional 'hole mechanism'
have been proposed as explanations for the high temperature superconductivity
observed in $MgB_2$. It is proposed that a critical test of which theory is
correct is the dependence of $T_c$ on hole doping: the hole mechanism predicts
that $T_c$ will drop rapidly to zero as holes are added, while the
electron-phonon mechanism appears to predict increasing $T_c$ for a substantial
range of hole doping. Furthermore, the hole mechanism and electron-phonon
mechanism differ qualitatively in their predictions of the effect on $T_c$ of
change in the $B-B$ distances. We discuss predictions of the hole mechanism for
a variety of observables as a function of doping, emphasizing the expected
differences and similarities with the electron-phonon explanation. The hole
mechanism predicts coherence length and penetration depth to increase and
decrease monotonically with hole doping respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97006 </DOCNO>
THe largest eigenvalue of sparse random graphs


  We prove that for all values of the edge probability p(n) the largest
eigenvalue of a random graph G(n,p) satisfies almost surely:
\lambda_1(G)=(1+o(1))max{\sqrt{\Delta},np}, where \Delta is a maximal degree of
G, and the o(1) term tends to zero as max{\sqrt{\Delta},np} tends to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96097 </DOCNO>
Macdonald integrals and monodromy


  We prove several results on monodromies associated to Macdonald integrals,
that were used in our previous work on the finite field analogue of a
conjecture of Macdonald. We also give a new proof of our formula expressing
recursively the zeta function of the local monodromy at the origin of the
discriminant of a finite Coxeter group in terms of the degrees of the group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4450 </DOCNO>
The C=C Stretching Vibrations of k-(BEDT-TTF)_2Cu[N(CN)_2]Br and Its


  The C=C stretching modes in resonance Raman spectra and infrared reflectivity
were measured at temperatures between 15 K and 300 K using various
polarizations in k-(BEDT-TTF)_2Cu[N(CN)_2]Br, its fully and partially
deuterated analogues, and ^{13}C-substituted analogue. The infrared- and
Raman-active bands were re-assigned based on the factor group analysis. We
found a Raman-active EMV-coupled \nu_3 mode near 1420 cm_{-1}, which shows a
large downshift and broadening through the inter-dimer EMV interaction. The
mixing of the bridge and ring C=C stretching vibrations depends upon the
symmetry of the crystal mode. In contrast to deuterated crystals, the
non-deuterated crystals show a splitting in the \nu_2, \nu_3, and \nu_{27}
bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5774 </DOCNO>
TBA Equations of 1D Hubbard Model and High-Temperature Expansion


  New numerical method to calculate thermodynmic Bethe ansatz equations is
proposed based on Newton's method. Thermodynamic quantities of one-dimensional
Hubbard model is numerically calculated and compared with high temperature
expansion and numerical results of quantum transfer matrix method by J\"uttner,
Kl\"umper and Suzuki. The coincidence is surprisingly good. We get
high-temperature expansion of grand potential up to $\beta^6$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3970 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties of the Anderson model: a local moment approach


  We develop a local moment approach to static properties of the symmetric
Anderson model in the presence of a magnetic field, focussing in particular on
the strong coupling Kondo regime. The approach is innately simple and
physically transparent; but is found to give good agreement, for essentially
all field strengths, with exact results for the Wilson ratio, impurity
magnetization, spin susceptibility and related properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98175 </DOCNO>
Projections, shellings and duality


  Projection maps which appear in the theory of buildings and oriented matroids
are closely related to the notion of shellability. This was first observed by
Bj{\"o}rner. In this paper, we give an axiomatic treatment of either concept
and show their equivalence. We also axiomatize duality in this setting. As
applications of these ideas, we prove a duality theorem on buildings and give a
geometric interpretation of the flag $h$ vector. The former may be regarded as
a $q$-analogue of the Dehn-Sommerville equations. We also briefly discuss the
connection with the random walks introduced by Bidigare, Hanlon and Rockmore.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87020 </DOCNO>
Abelian Higgs Hair for Rotating and Charged Black Holes


  We study the problem of vortex solutions in the background of rotating black
holes in both asymptotically flat and asymptoticlly anti de Sitter spacetimes.
We demonstrate the Abelian Higgs field equations in the background of four
dimensional Kerr, Kerr-AdS and Reissner-Nordstrom-AdS black holes have vortex
line solutions. These solutions, which have axial symmetry, are generalization
of the Nielsen-Olesen string. By numerically solving the field equations in
each case, we find that these black holes can support an Abelian Higgs field as
hair. This situation holds even in the extremal case, and no flux-expulsion
occurs. We also compute the effect of the self gravity of the Abelian Higgs
field show that the the vortex induces a deficit angle in the corresponding
black hole metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2935 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio investigation of the covalent bond energies in the metallic


  The contributions of the covalent bond energies of various atom pairs to the
cohesive energy of MgB2 and AlB2 are analysed with a variant of our recently
developed energy-partitioning scheme for the density-functional total energy.
The covalent bond energies are strongest for the intralayer B-B pairs. In
contrast to the general belief, there is also a considerable covalent bonding
between the layers, mediated by the metal atom. The bond energies between the
various atom pairs are analysed in terms of orbital- and energy-resolved
contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72436 </DOCNO>
Vector Meson Production in the Golec-Biernat Wuesthoff Model


  We apply the Golec-Biernat Wuesthoff model in the calculation of vector meson
photo- and electroproduction. Starting from very simple non-relativistic wave
functions we show that the model provides a good description of $J/\Psi$ cross
sections in wide $Q^2$ and $W$ ranges. For the light mesons one obtains the
approximately correct $W$ dependence and ratio of longitudinal to transverse
cross sections, although in this case the normalization, affected mainly by the
wave function employed, is not in good agreement with data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148400 </DOCNO>
On the thin-string limit of the 6d stringlike defect model


  We show that in 6d models localizing gravity on stringlike defects and
satisfying the dominant energy condition, the metric exterior to the string
inevitably depends on the string's thickness. As a consequence, in the limit of
thin string either the gravity delocalizes, or the six-dimensional Planck scale
must be much larger that the four-dimensional one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125009 </DOCNO>
CI and CO in the Spiral Galaxies NGC 6946 and M 83


  Multitransition 12CO, 13CO and 492 GHz [CI] measurements of the late-type
spiral galaxies NGC 6946 and M 83 (NGC 5236) show pronounced molecular gas
concentrations in rapid solid-body rotation within a few hundred parsec from
both nuclei. Their 12CO, 13CO and [CI] relative intensities are nearly
identical. However, the very different [CII] intensities imply that the
physical conditions are not. The slow decrease of 12CO intensities with
increasing rotational level marks the presence of significant amounts of warm
and dense molecular gas in both galaxy centers. Detailed modelling indicates
that both galaxiy centers contain at least two distinct molecular components: a
warm and dense component with T(kin) = 30-60 K, n(H2) = 3000-10 000 cc, and a
more tenuous hotter component with T(kin) = 100-150 K, n(H2) < 1000 cc). Atomic
carbon column densities exceed CO column densities by a factor of about 1.5 in
NGC 6946 and about 4 in M 83. Unlike NGC 6946, M 83 contains a significant
amount of molecular hydrogen associated with ionized carbon rather than CO. The
centers of NGC 6946 and M 83 contain nearly identical total (atomic and
molecular) gas masses of about 3 x 10**7 M(sun). Despite their prominence, the
central gas concentrations in these galaxies represent only a few per cent of
the stellar mass in the same volume. The peak face-on gas mass density is much
higher in M 83 (120 M(sun)/pc**2) than in NGC 6946 (45 M(sun)/pc**2). The more
intense starburst in M 83 is associated with a more compact and somewhat hotter
PDR zone than the milder starburst in NGC 6946.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5688 </DOCNO>
Spin Correlation Effects In a One Dimensional Electron Gas


  The Singwi, Sjolander, Tosi, Land (SSTL) approach is generalized to study the
spin correlation effects in a one dimensional electron gas. It is shown that
the SSTL approach is capable of generating results comparable to the more
widely used STLS approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150040 </DOCNO>
Exotic galilean symmetry and the Hall effect


  The ``Laughlin'' picture of the Fractional Quantum Hall effect can be derived
using the ``exotic'' model based on the two-fold centrally-extended planar
Galilei group. When coupled to a planar magnetic field of critical strength
determined by the extension parameters, the system becomes singular, and
``Faddeev-Jackiw'' reduction yields the ``Chern-Simons'' mechanics of Dunne,
Jackiw, and Trugenberger. The reduced system moves according to the Hall law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7304 </DOCNO>
Wigner Lattice Order, Collective Mode, and Superconductivity in


  We have studied far-infrared charge dynamics of Sr- and O- co-doped
La1.985Sr0.015CuO4+delta with delta = 0.024 (p = 0.063 per Cu) and delta =
0.032 (p = 0.07). We found that two-dimensional Wigner lattice order is the
ground state of cuprates away from half-filling. We found that the presence of
2D Wigner lattice and the pinned Goldstone mode is essential for the cuprate
physics and superconductivity. We propose that all the high Tc physics are
based on the existence of these peculiar 2D electron lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3143 </DOCNO>
Absence of a structural transition up to 40 Gpa in MgB2 and the


  We report measurements on MgB2 up to ~40GPa. Increasing pressure yields a
monotonous decrease of the lattice parameters and of the c/a ratio, but no
structural transition down to parameters smaller than those of AlB2. The
transition superconducting temperature also decreases with temperature in a
sample dependent way. The results are explained by an increase of the filling
of the 2D pxy bands with pressure, the Mg stoichiometry determining the
starting position of the Fermi level. Our measurements indicate that these hole
bands are the relevant ones for superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6302 </DOCNO>
Striction-mediated attraction between domain walls: main cause of the


  The energy of any domain wall depends on the strains of the medium because of
the striction effect, i.e. because of the coupling of the order parameter
modulus with the dilatation. We show that the striction is also a cause of
attraction between domain walls. The estimations indicate that for displacive
systems, this striction-mediated attraction is more important than all other
types of attraction considered previously. Therefore, it is the main reason of
the discontinuity of the commensurate-incommensurate transitions observed in
three dimensional systems of K_2SeO_4-type. We study thermal anomalies of this
type of phase transitions. Available experimental data about this anomalies for
K_2SeO_4 and Rb_2ZnCl_4 are in reasonable agreement with the theory developed
in this work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97772 </DOCNO>
Branched Coverings, Triangulations, and 3-Manifolds


  A canonical branched covering over each sufficiently good simplicial complex
is constructed. Its structure depends on the combinatorial type of the complex.
In this way, each closed orientable 3-manifold arises as a branched covering
over the 3-sphere from some triangulation of S^3. This result is related to a
theorem of Hilden and Montesinos. The branched coverings introduced admit a
rich theory in which the group of projectivities plays a central role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97132 </DOCNO>
The Betti numbers of some finite racks


  We show that the lower bounds for Betti numbers given in math.GT/9909161 are
equalities for a class of racks that includes dihedral and Alexander racks. We
confirm a conjecture from the same paper by defining a splitting for the short
exact sequence of quandle chain complexes. We define isomorphisms between
Alexander racks of certain forms, and we also list the second and third
homology groups of some dihedral and Alexander quandles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128936 </DOCNO>
A uniform analysis of the Lyman alpha forest at z = 0-5: IV. The


  We present results on the evolution and clustering of Ly-alpha lines at low
z. The sample contains 1298 Ly-alpha lines from 165 quasar spectra mined from
the archives of the HST/FOS. Our sample extends to z=1.7, slightly higher than
the sample analyzed by the HST Quasar Absorption Line Key Project. We confirm
the Key Project result that the number density evolution of Ly-alpha lines at
low z can be described by a power law that is significantly flatter than that
found at high z. We find gamma=0.54+/-0.21 for lines with equivalent widths
greater than 0.24 A, and gamma=0.60+/-0.14 using a variable EQW threshold,
somewhat steeper than obtained previously. We find that the difference is
likely attributable to different coverage of the two samples. The results
concerning gamma are not significantly affected if one includes Ly-alpha lines
from metal systems. Object to object fluctuations in the number of lines
detected are small, indicating a high degree of uniformity in the IGM on large
scales. We find marginal evidence that weak and strong lines undergo different
evolution. We find weak clustering for Ly-alpha lines at Delta(V)<500 km/s,
weaker than earlier analysis by Ulmer of a subsample of the Key Project data.
We see no correlations for metal system-Ly-alpha forest or extensive metal
system-Ly-alpha forest combinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148454 </DOCNO>
Multi-Skyrmion Solutions for the 6th order Skyrme Model


  Following Marleau, we study an extended version of the Skyrme model to which
a sixth order term has been added to the Lagrangian and we analyse some of its
classical properties. We compute the multi-Skyrmion solutions numerically for
up to B=5 and show that they have the same symmetries as the usual Skyrmion
solutions. We use the rational map ansatz introduced by Houghton et al. to
evaluate the energy and the radius for multi-skyrmion solutions of up to B=6
for both the SU(2) and SU(3) models and compare these results to the ones
obtained numerically. We show that the rational map ansatz works as well for
the generalised model as for the pure Skyrme model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127490 </DOCNO>
Young Clusters in the Nuclear Starburst of M 83


  We present a photometric catalog of 45 massive star clusters in the nuclear
starburst of M 83 (NGC 5236), observed with the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2,
in both broad-band (F300W, F547M, and F814W) and narrow-band (F656N and F487N)
filters. By comparing the photometry to theoretical population synthesis
models, we estimate the age and mass of each cluster. We find that over 75% of
the star clusters more massive than 2*10^4 Msun in the central 300 pc of M 83
are less than 10 Myr old. Among the clusters younger than 10 Myr and more
massive than 5*10^3 Msun, 70% are between 5 and 7 Myr old. We list an
additional 330 clusters that are detected in our F300W images, but not in the
shallower F547M and F814W images. The clusters are distributed throughout a
semicircular annulus that identifies the active region in the galaxy core,
between 50 and 130 pc from the optical center of M 83. Clusters younger than 5
Myr are preferentially found along the perimeter of the semicircular annulus.
We suggest that the 5-7 Myr population has evacuated much of the interstellar
material from the active ringlet region, and that star formation is continuing
along the edges of the region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149201 </DOCNO>
*-Trek III: The Search for Ramond-Ramond Couplings


  We give a detailed discussion of the disk amplitudes with one closed string
insertion, which we used to construct the supergravity couplings of
noncommutative D-branes to the RR potentials, given in hep-th/0104139. We prove
the inclusion of Elliott's formula, the integer-valued modification of the
noncommutative Chern character, to all orders in the gauge field. We also give
a detailed comparison between the form of the result in which Elliott's formula
is manifest, and the form expressed in Matrix model variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125934 </DOCNO>
The nebular spectra of the hypernova SN 1998bw and evidence for


  The nebular spectra of the energetic Type Ic supernova SN1998bw (hypernova)
are studied. The transition to the nebular phase occurred at an epoch of about
100 days after outburst, which is assumed to coincide with GRB980425. Early in
the nebular epoch the spectra show the characteristics of a typical SN Ic
spectrum, with strong lines of [OI], CaII and MgI], and lines of [FeII].
However, the [FeII] lines are unusually strong for a SN Ic. Also, lines of
different elements have different widths, indicating different expansion
velocities. In particular, iron appears to expand more rapidly than oxygen.
Furthermore, the [OI] nebular lines decline more slowly than the [FeII] ones,
signalling deposition of gamma-rays in a slowly-moving O-dominated region.
These facts suggest that the explosion was aspherical. The absence of [FeIII]
nebular lines can be understood if the ejecta are significantly clumped. A
schematic picture of what this very unusual stellar explosion may have looked
like is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97439 </DOCNO>
Latin transversals of rectangular arrays


  Let m and n be integers, $2 \leq m \leq n$. An m by n array consists of mn
cells, arranged in m rows and n columns, and each cell contains exactly one
symbol. A transversal of an array consists of m cells, one from each row and no
two from the same column. A latin transversal is a transversal in which no
symbol appears more than once. We will establish a sufficient condition that a
3 by n array has a latin transversal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124266 </DOCNO>
Resolution of the Age Discrepancies in Pulsar/SNR Associations


  Pulsars associated with supernova remnants (SNRs) are valuable because they
provide constraints on the mechanism(s) of pulsar spin-down. Here we discuss
two SNR/pulsar associations in which the SNR age is much greater than the age
of the pulsar obtained by assuming pure magnetic dipole radiation (MDR)
spin-down. The PSR B1757-24/SNR G5.4-1.2 association has a minimum age of ~40
kyr from proper motion upper limits, yet the MDR timing age of the pulsar is
only 16 kyr, and the newly discovered pulsar PSR J1846-0258 in the >2 kyr old
SNR Kes 75 has an MDR timing age of just 0.7 kyr. These and other pulsar/SNR
age discrepancies imply that the pulsar spin-down torque is not due to pure
MDR, and we discuss a model for the spin-down of the pulsars similar to the
ones recently proposed to explain the spin-down of soft gamma-ray repeaters and
anomalous x-ray pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96959 </DOCNO>
A note on the holonomy of connections in twisted bundles


  Recently twisted K-theory has received much attention due to its applications
in string theory and the announced result by Freed, Hopkins and Telemann
relating the twisted equivariant K-theory of a compact Lie group to its
Verlinde algebra. Rather than considering gerbes as separate objects, in
twisted K-theory one considers a gerbe as being part of the data for a twisted
vector bundle. There is also a notion of a connection in a twisted vector
bundle and Kapustin has studied some aspects of the holonomy of such
connections. In this note I study the holonomy of connections in twisted
principal bundles and show that it can best be defined as a functor rather than
a map. Even for the case which Kapustin studied the results in this paper give
a more general picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148842 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry, Spectrum and Fate of D0-Dp Systems with B-field


  It has been shown that D0-D$p$ $(p=2, 4, 6, 8)$ systems can be BPS in the
presence of $B$-field even if they are not otherwise. We review the number of
remaining supersymmetries, the open string ground state spectrum and the
construction of the D0-D$p$ systems as solitonic solutions in the
noncommutative super Yang-Mills theory. We derive the complete mass spectrum of
the fluctuations to discuss the stability of the systems. The results are found
to agree with the analysis in the string picture. In particular, we show that
supersymmetry is enhanced in D0-D8 depending on the $B$-fields and it is
consistent with the degeneracy of mass spectrum. We also derive potentials and
discuss their implications for these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149664 </DOCNO>
Spectral Properties of Yang-Mills Theory


  Yang--Mills theory in four dimensions is studied by using the Coulomb gauge.
The Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian involves integration of matrix elements of an
operator P built from the Laplacian and from a first-order differential
operator. The operator P is studied from the point of view of spectral theory
of pseudo-differential operators on compact Riemannian manifolds, both when
self-adjointness holds and when it is not fulfilled. In both cases,
well-defined matrix elements of P are evaluated as a first step towards the
more difficult problems of quantized Yang--Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40885 </DOCNO>
Improved Measurement of the $\bar d / \bar u$ Asymmetry in the Nucleon


  Measurements of the ratio of Drell-Yan yields from an 800 \rm{GeV/c} proton
beam incident on liquid hydrogen and deuterium targets are reported.
Approximately 360,000 Drell-Yan muon pairs remained after all cuts on the data.
  From these data, the ratio of anti-down ($\bar{d}$) to anti-up ($\bar{u}$)
quark distributions in the proton sea is determined over a wide range in
Bjorken-$x$. These results confirm previous measurements by E866 and extend
them to lower $x$. From these data, $(\bar{d}-\bar{u})$ and
$\int(\bar{d}-\bar{u})dx$ are evaluated for $0.015<x<0.35$. These results are
compared with parameterizations of various parton distribution functions,
models and experimental results from NA51, NMC, and HERMES.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126419 </DOCNO>
Spectral Evolution of Circinus X-1 Along its Orbit


  We report on the spectral analysis of Circinus X-1 observed by the ASCA
satellite in March 1998 along one orbital period. The luminosity of the source
(in the 0.1-100 keV band) ranges from $2.5 \times 10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$ at the
periastron (orbital phase 0.01) to $1.5 \times 10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$ at orbital
phase 0.3. From the spectral analysis and the lightcurve we argue that Cir X-1
shows three states along the orbital evolution. The first state is at the
orbital phase interval 0.97-0.3: the luminosity becames super-Eddington and a
strong flaring activity is present. In this state a shock could form in the
inner region of the system due to the super-Eddington accretion rate, producing
an outflow of ionized matter whose observational signature could be the
prominent absorption edge at $\sim 8.7$ keV observed in the energy spectrum at
these phases. In the second state, corresponding to the orbital phase interval
between 0.3 and 0.7, the accretion rate is sub-Eddington and we observe a
weaker outflow, with smaller hydrogen column: the absorption edge is now at
$\sim 8.3$ keV with an optical depth a factor of 2.5 to 6 smaller. The third
state corresponds to the orbital phase interval 0.78-0.97. In this state the
best fit model to the spectrum requires the presence of a partial covering
component, indicating that the emission from the compact object is partially
absorbed by neutral matter, probably the atmosphere of the companion star
and/or the accreting matter from the companion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126327 </DOCNO>
Is the Compact Source at the Center of Cas A Pulsed?


  A 50 ksec observation of the Supernova Remnant Cas A was taken using the
Chandra X-Ray Observatory High Resolution Camera (HRC) to search for periodic
signals from the compact source located near the center. Using the HRC-S in
imaging mode, problems with correctly assigning times to events were overcome,
allowing the period search to be extended to higher frequencies than possible
with previous observations. In an extensive analysis of the HRC data, several
possible candidate signals are found using various algorithms, including
advanced techniques developed by Ransom to search for low significance periodic
signals. Of the candidate periods, none is at a high enough confidence level to
be particularly favored over the rest. When combined with other information,
however (e.g., spectra, total energetics, and the historical age of the
remnant), a 12 ms candidate period seems to be more physically plausible than
the others, and we use it for illustrative purposes in discussing the possible
properties of a putative neutron star in the remnant. We emphasize that this is
not necessarily the true period, and that a follow-up observation, scheduled
for the fall of 2001, is required.
  A 50 ksec Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) observation was taken, and
analysis of these data for the central object shows that the spectrum is
consistent with several forms, and that the emitted X-ray luminosity in the 0.1
-10 keV band is 10^{33}-10^{35}erg cm^{-2}sec^{-1} depending on the spectral
model and the interstellar absorption along the line of sight to the source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87215 </DOCNO>
Semiglobal Numerical Calculations of Asymptotically Minkowski Spacetimes


  This talk reports on recent progress toward the semiglobal study of
asymptotically flat spacetimes within numerical relativity. The development of
a 3D solver for asymptotically Minkowski-like hyperboloidal initial data has
rendered possible the application of Friedrich's conformal field equations to
astrophysically interesting spacetimes. As a first application, the whole
future of a hyperboloidal set of weak initial data has been studied, including
future null and timelike infinity. Using this example we sketch the numerical
techniques employed and highlight some of the unique capabilities of the
numerical code. We conclude with implications for future work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123400 </DOCNO>
Mid-infrared observations of NGC 1068 with ISOCAM


  We report on Mid-Infrared (MIR) observations of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC
1068, obtained with ISOCAM in low-resolution spectro-imaging mode. The spatial
resolution (around 5 arcsec) allows us to disentangle the circumnuclear
starburst regions from the emission of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). The
global spatial distribution of the Unidentified Infrared Bands (UIBs) is
similar to the cold dust component, traced by the 450 microns emission and the
gaseous component obtained from the CO(1-0) map. However, a shift between the
maximum of the UIB and 450 microns emission is clearly seen in our maps. The
UIBs in the MIR (5-16 microns) originate almost exclusively from the starburst
regions in the galactic disk with an emission peaking at the extremity of the
stellar/ gaseous bar at a distance of 1 kpc from the AGN. The spectrum of the
nucleus is characterized over the whole 5-16 microns range by a strong
continuum which can be fitted with a power law of index -1.7. Moreover, the
high [NeIII]/[NeII] ratio (>2.5) in the nuclear region argues for a hard
radiation field from the AGN. Observations indicate that the AGN in NGC 1068
contributes less than 5% to the total integrated UIB emission even though its
hot dust continuum contributes as much as 75% to the total MIR flux. On the
contrary, the nuclear contribution to the cold dust emission decreases
considerably at submillimeter wavelengths and does not represent more than 25%
of the total integrated emission at 450 microns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97283 </DOCNO>
Simpson Jacobians of generalized tree-like curves


  The compactified Jacobian of any projective curve $X$ is defined as the
Simpson moduli space of torsion free rank one degree $d$ sheaves that are
semistable with respect to a fixed polarization $H$ on $X$. In this paper we
give explicitly the structure of this compactified Simpson Jacobian in the case
where $X$ is a generalized tree-like curve, i.e., a projective, reduced and
connected curve such that the intersection points of its irreducible components
are disconnecting ordinary double points. We prove that it is isomorphic to the
product of the compactified Jacobians of a certain degree $d_i$ of its
components $C_i$, where the degrees $d_i$ depend on $d$, $H$ and on the
particular structure of the curve. We find also necessary and sufficient
conditions for the existence of stable points which allow us to study the
variation of these Simpson Jacobians as the polarization $H$ changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2046 </DOCNO>
Proper ferroelastic phase transitions in thin epitaxial films with


  We study how the ferroelastic domain structure sets in in an epitaxial film
of a material with second order proper ferroelastic transition. The domain
structures considered are similar to either $a_{1}/a_{2}/a_{1}/a_{2}$ or
$c/a/c/a$ structures in perovskite ferroelectrics. If the "extrinsic" misfit
strain, not associated with the transition, does not break the symmetry of the
high-temperature phase, the phase transition in the film occurs at somewhat
lower temperature compared to the bulk. The loss of stability then occurs with
respect to a sinusoidal strain wave, which evolves into the domain structure
with practically the same geometry and approximately the same period. In the
presence of the symmetry-breaking component of the misfit strain ("extrinsic"
misfit) the character of the phase transition is qualitatively different. In
this case it is a {\em topological} transition between single-domain and
multi-domain states, which starts from a low density of the domain walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1283 </DOCNO>
Superconducting MgB(2) films via precursor post-processing approach


  Superconducting MgB(2) films with Tc = 38.6 K were prepared using a
precursor-deposition, ex-situ post-processing approach. Precursor films of
boron, ~0.5 micrometer thick, were deposited onto Al(2)O(3) (102) substrates by
e-beam evaporation; a post-anneal at 890 deg C in the presence of bulk MgB(2)
and Mg metal produced highly crystalline MgB(2) films. X-ray diffraction
indicated that the films exhibit some degree of c-axis alignment, but are
randomly oriented in-plane. Transport current measurements of the
superconducting properties show high values of the critical current density and
yield an irreversibility line that exceeds that determined by magnetic
measurements on bulk polycrystalline materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4747 </DOCNO>
Studies on the Anisotropic Properties of MgB2


  This paper presents a brief review on the reported anisotropic properties of
MgB2, in the superconducting state (e.g. upper critical field Hc2, field
penetration depth, coherence length, energy gap) as well as in the normal state
(e.g., magnetoresistance, compressibility, thermal expansion). So far, the
reported results have been obtained using aligned crystallites, c-axis oriented
thin films and sub-millimeter crystals. Since impurity scattering affects
directly the gap anisotropy it could be one of the main reasons for the
different values observed in the Hc2 anisotropy ratio, ranging between 1.3 and
2.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40702 </DOCNO>
First Physics Results From Belle


  The Belle detector at the KEK-B asymmetric $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider has recorded
6.2 fb$^{-1}$ data at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance by July 2000. Using this
data sample, several new results on various B meson branching ratio
measurements are presented. We also report on the measurement of the Standard
Model CP violation parameter $\sin(2\phi_{1})$, where $\phi_{1}$ is one of
angles of the CKM triangle. The preliminary result is $\sin(2\phi_{1})$ =
$0.45^{+0.43 \pm 0.07}_{-0.44 \pm 0.08}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4524 </DOCNO>
On the topological classification of binary trees using the


  The Horton-Strahler (HS) index $r=\max{(i,j)}+\delta_{i,j}$ has been shown to
be relevant to a number of physical (such at diffusion limited aggregation)
geological (river networks), biological (pulmonary arteries, blood vessels,
various species of trees) and computational (use of registers) applications.
Here we revisit the enumeration problem of the HS index on the rooted,
unlabeled, plane binary set of trees, and enumerate the same index on the
ambilateral set of rooted, plane binary set of trees of $n$ leaves. The
ambilateral set is a set of trees whose elements cannot be obtained from each
other via an arbitrary number of reflections with respect to vertical axes
passing through any of the nodes on the tree. For the unlabeled set we give an
alternate derivation to the existing exact solution. Extending this technique
for the ambilateral set, which is described by an infinite series of non-linear
functional equations, we are able to give a double-exponentially converging
approximant to the generating functions in a neighborhood of their convergence
circle, and derive an explicit asymptotic form for the number of such trees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5058 </DOCNO>
Theory of High \tc Ferromagnetism in $SrB_6$ family: A case of Doped


  Doped divalent hexaborides such as $Sr_{1-x}La_xB_6$ exhibit high \tc
ferromagnetism. We isolate a degenerate pair of $2p$-orbitals of boron with two
valence electrons, invoke electron correlation and Hund coupling, to suggest
that the undoped state is better viewed as a spin-1 Mott insulator; it is
predicted to be a type of 3d Haldane gap phase with a spin gap $\sim 0.1 eV$,
much smaller than the charge gap of $ > 1.0 eV$ seen in ARPES. The
experimentally seen high \tc `ferromagnetism' is argued to be a complex
magnetic order in disguise - either a canted 6-sublattice AFM ($\approx 120^0$)
order or its quantum melted version, a chiral spin liquid state, arising from a
type of double exchange mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83750 </DOCNO>
Combining a self-organising map with memory-based learning


  Memory-based learning (MBL) has enjoyed considerable success in corpus-based
natural language processing (NLP) tasks and is thus a reliable method of
getting a high-level of performance when building corpus-based NLP systems.
However there is a bottleneck in MBL whereby any novel testing item has to be
compared against all the training items in memory base. For this reason there
has been some interest in various forms of memory editing whereby some method
of selecting a subset of the memory base is employed to reduce the number of
comparisons. This paper investigates the use of a modified self-organising map
(SOM) to select a subset of the memory items for comparison. This method
involves reducing the number of comparisons to a value proportional to the
square root of the number of training items. The method is tested on the
identification of base noun-phrases in the Wall Street Journal corpus, using
sections 15 to 18 for training and section 20 for testing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99075 </DOCNO>
Trigonometric Expansions of Theta Functions


  A new trigonometric expansion of the classical theta functions permits to
state a differential system satisfied by their coefficients. This system being
derived from the heat equation. We propose to explicitly solve this system and
write modular equations for these coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81175 </DOCNO>
Perturbative renormalization for overlap fermions


  Using lattice overlap fermions, we have computed the 1-loop renormalization
factors of several operators that measure DIS structure functions and weak
amplitudes. Computer codes written in the algebraic manipulation language FORM
have been used. The improvement of the operators is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113899 </DOCNO>
The statistical dynamics of thin vortex line


  We discuss the statistical properties of a single vortex line in a perfect
fluid. The partition function is calculated up to the end in the thin vortex
approximation. It turns out that corresponding theory is renormalizable, and
the renormalization law for the core size of the vortex is found. The direction
of renormalization group flow makes the thin vortex approximation to be valid
for the interest cases and this result does not depend on the choice of
infrared regularization. The expressions for some gauge-invariant correlators
are obtained to demonstrate the developed formalism at work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97599 </DOCNO>
On the Andrews-Curtis conjecture and algorithms from topology


  We relate the Andrews-Curtis conjecture to the triviality problem for
balanced presentations of groups using algorithms from 3-manifold topology.
Implementing this algorithm could lead to counterexamples to the Andrews-Curtis
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41245 </DOCNO>
Determining the Phases alpha and gamma from Direct CP Violation in B_u,


  A method for clean determination of the unitarity angles alpha and gamma is
proposed that uses only direct CP violation and does not require any time
dependent measurements. The method takes advantage of helicity amplitudes for
B_u, B_d and B_s decay to two vector mesons and can be used, at any B-facility,
in conjunction with a large number of modes. It also allows for experimental
tests of theoretical approximations involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127795 </DOCNO>
Did Very Massive Stars Pre-enrich and Reionize the Universe?


  Recent studies of heavy r-process elements in low [Fe/H] halo stars have
suggested that an initial population of metal-free very massive stars (VMSs)
may be required to provide early Fe enrichment without coproducing heavy r
nuclei. We find similar abundance trends in alpha-elements (which should be
copiously produced by VMSs), but not in other elements such as carbon (which
should not), in agreement with this hypothesis. We then combine the
corresponding level of prompt initial enrichment with models of VMS
nucleosynthetic yields and spectra to estimate the corresponding ionizing
fluxes. The result suggests that there may have been enough VMS activity to
reionize the universe. The unusually hard spectrum of VMSs would imply a
different reionization history from canonical models. HeII could have been
reionized at high redshift, only to recombine as a subsequent generation of
stars formed with a ``normal'' initial mass function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3952 </DOCNO>
Josephson junctions and superconducting quantum interference devices


  We present a method for fabricating Josephson junctions and superconducting
quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) which is based on the local anodization
of niobium strip lines 3 to 6.5 nm-thick under the voltage-biased tip of an
Atomic Force Microscope. Microbridge junctions and SQUID loops are obtained
either by partial or total oxidation of the niobium layer. Two types of weak
link geometries are fabricated : lateral constriction (Dayem bridges) and
variable thickness bridges. SQUIDs based on both geometries show a modulation
of the maximum Josephson current with a magnetic flux periodic with respect to
the superconducting flux quantum h/2e. They persist up to 4K. The modulation
shape and depth for SQUIDs based on variable thickness bridges indicate that
the weak link size becomes comparable to the superconducting film coherence
length which is of the order of 10nm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128389 </DOCNO>
Tracing Cosmic Evolution with the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey


  The Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey (LCDCS), which contains over 1000
cluster candidates at z>0.3, is a unique sample with which to probe the
evolution of both cluster galaxies and the properties of the cluster
population. Programs are now underway to utilize the LCDCS for both purposes.
We provide a brief overview of these programs, and also present new results for
the LCDCS cluster correlation function. Utilizing well-defined, approximately
dispersion-limited subsamples, we measure the angular correlation function for
clusters at z~0.5. Spatial correlation lengths are then derived via Limber
inversion. We find that the correlation length depends upon mass, as
parameterized by the mean cluster separation, in a manner that is consistent
with both local observations and CDM predictions for the clustering strength at
z=0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168231 </DOCNO>
Bound entanglement for continuous variables is a rare phenomenon


  We discuss the notion of bound entanglement (BE) for continuous variables
(CV). We show that the set of non--distillable states (NDS) for CV is nowhere
dense in the set of all states, i.e., the states of infinite--dimensional
bipartite systems are generically distillable. This automatically implies that
the sets of separable states, entangled states with positive partial transpose,
and bound entangled states are also nowhere dense in the set of all states. All
these properties significantly distinguish quantum CV systems from the spin
like ones. The aspects of the definition of BE for CV is also analysed,
especially in context of Schmidt numbers theory. In particular the main result
is generalised by means of arbitrary Schmidt number and single copy regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41660 </DOCNO>
Limits on the Non-Standard Interactions of Neutrinos from $e^+ e^-$


  We provide an effective Lagrangian analysis of contact non-standard
interactions of neutrinos with electrons, which can be effectively mediated by
extra particles, and examine the associated experimental limits. At present,
such interactions are strongly constrained only for $\nu_\mu$: the bounds are
loose for $\nu_e$ and absent for $\nu_\tau$. We emphasize the unique role
played by the reaction $e^+e^-\to \nu \bar{\nu}\gamma$ in providing direct
constraints on such non-standard interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126794 </DOCNO>
Evidence for an accelerating wind as the broad-line region in NGC 3516


  Spectroscopic data in wavelengths 900--3000A have been obtained in a low flux
state of the nucleus of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3516. The line profiles show P
Cygni characteristics, particularly in O VI 1032A, and are compared with data
from an earlier higher state. The profiles are suggestive of, and consistent
with, an accelerating wind driven by a disk continuum source, in which the
ionisation radii have changed. This scenario may apply to the formation of
other broad emission lines in AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98456 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative cohomology and electromagnetism on $C_q[SL_2]$ at roots


  We compute the noncommutative de Rham cohomology for the finite-dimensional
q-deformed coordinate ring $C_q[SL_2]$ at odd roots of unity and with its
standard 4-dimensional differential structure. We find that $H^1$ and $H^3$
have three additional modes beyond the generic $q$-case where they are
1-dimensional, while $H^2$ has six additional modes. We solve the spin-0 and
Maxwell theory on $C_q[SL_2]$ including a complete picture of the self-dual and
anti-self dual solutions and of Lorentz and temporal gauge fixing. The system
behaves in fact like a noncompact space with self-propagating modes (i.e., in
the absence of sources). We also solve with examples of `electric' and
`magnetic' sources including the biinvariant element $\theta\in H^1$ which we
find can be viewed as a source in the local (Minkowski) time-direction (i.e. a
uniform electric charge density).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76319 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Perturbations Generated in the Colliding Bubble Braneworld


  We compute the cosmological perturbations generated in the colliding bubble
braneworld universe in which bubbles filled with five-dimensional anti-de
Sitter space (AdS5)expanding within a five dimensional de Sitter space (dS5) or
Minkowski space (M5) collide to form a (3+1) dimensional local brane on which
the cosmology is virtually identical to that of the Randall-Sundrum model. The
perturbation calculation presented here is valid to linear order but treats the
fluctuations of the expanding bubbles as (3+1) dimensional fields localized on
the bubble wall. We find that for bubbles expanding in dS5 the dominant
contribution to the power spectrum is `red' but very small except in certain
cases where the fifth dimension is not large or the bubbles have expanded to
far beyond the dS5 apparent horizon length. This paper supersedes a previous
version titled "Exactly Scale-Invariant Cosmological Perturbations From a
Colliding Bubble Braneworld Universe" in which we erroneously claimed that a
scale-invariant spectrum results for the case of bubbles expanding in M5. This
present paper corrects the errors of the previous version and extends the
analysis to the more interesting and general case of bubbles expanding in dS5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98819 </DOCNO>
Milnor numbers, Spanning Trees, and the Alexander-Conway Polynomial


  We study relations between the Alexander-Conway polynomial $\nabla_L$ and
Milnor higher linking numbers of links from the point of view of finite-type
(Vassiliev) invariants. We give a formula for the first non-vanishing
coefficient of $\nabla_L$ of an m-component link L all of whose Milnor numbers
$\mu_{i_1... i_p}$ vanish for $p\le n$. We express this coefficient as a
polynomial in Milnor numbers of L. Depending on whether the parity of n is odd
or even, the terms in this polynomial correspond either to spanning trees in
certain graphs or to decompositions of certain 3-graphs into pairs of spanning
trees. Our results complement determinantal formulas of Traldi and Levine
obtained by geometric methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148284 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric new brane-world


  The quantum-induced dilatonic brane world (New Brane World) is created by
brane CFT quantum effects (giving effective brane tension) in accordance with
AdS/CFT set-up which also defines surface term. Considering the bosonic sector
of 5d gauged supergravity with single scalar and taking the boundary action as
predicted by supersymmetry, the possibility to supersymmetrize dilatonic New
Brane World is discussed. It is demonstrated that for a number of
superpotentials the flat SUSY dilatonic brane-world (with dynamically induced
brane dilaton) or quantum-induced de Sitter dilatonic brane-world (not Anti-de
Sitter one) where SUSY is broken by the quantum effects occurs. The analysis of
graviton perturbations indicates that gravity is localized on such branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5869 </DOCNO>
Nonextensive methods in turbulence and particle physics


  We describe some recent applications of Tsallis statistics in fully developed
hydrodynamic turbulence and high energy physics. For many of these applications
nonextensive properties arise from spatial fluctuations of the temperature or
the energy dissipation rate. The entropic index q is related to the relative
magnitude of these fluctuations. We concentrate on a recently derived formula
for the energy dependence of q that is experimentally verified by fits of cross
sections in e+e- annihilation experiments. Evaluating this formula for much
smaller energies E of the order of the recombination temperature, one obtains
the correct order of magnitude of the fluctuations of the cosmic microwave
background. Evaluating it for E going to infinity, one obtains (under certain
assumptions) possible evidence for the existence of 6 compactified dimensions,
as predicted by superstring theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73255 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry in Charmonium - Pion Cross Section


  We perform a non-perturbative calculation of the $J/\Psi-\pi$ cross section
using a $SU(2)\times SU(2)$ effective Lagrangian. Our results differ from those
of previous calculations, specially in the description of vertices involving
pions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96384 </DOCNO>
A General Method for Obtaining a Lower Bound for the Ground State


  We present a general method for obtaining a lower bound for the ground state
entropy density of the Ising Model with nearest neighbor interactions. Then,
using this method, and with a random coupling constant configuration, we obtain
a lower bound for the ground state entropy density of the square, triangular,
and hexagonal two-dimensional lattices with free, cylindrical, and toroidal
boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168998 </DOCNO>
Variable length universal entanglement concentration by local operations


  Using invariance of the $n$-th tensored state w.r.t. the $n$-th symmetric
group, we propose a 'variable length' universal entanglement concentration
without classical communication. Like variable length data compression,
arbitrary unknown states are concentrated into perfect Bell states and not
approximate Bell states and the number of Bell states obtained is equal to the
optimal rate asymptotically with the probability 1. One of the point of our
scheme is that we need no classical communication at all. Using this method, we
can construct a universal teleportation and a universal dense coding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179106 </DOCNO>
Effective nucleon mass in relativistic mean field theory


  In the $\sigma$-$\omega$-$\rho$ model of the relativistic mean field theory
with nonlinear $\sigma$-meson self-interaction, the effective nucleon mass
$M^*$ is discussed with relation to the symmetry incompressibility $K_s$ of
nuclear matter, based on the model parameters fitted to nuclear matter
properties. It is shown that $M^*$ is larger than $0.73M$, if $K_s$ is assumed
to be negative and the nuclear matter incompressibility $K_0$ is kept less than
$300 MeV$. Furthermore, the field system is shown to be stable, as the
$\sigma$-meson self-interaction energy is lower bounded in this parameter
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3408 </DOCNO>
A possible cooling effect in high temperature superconductors


  We show that an adiabatic increase of the supercurrent along a superconductor
with lines of nodes of the order parameter on the Fermi surface can result in a
cooling effect. The maximum cooling occurs if the supercurrent increases up to
its critical value. The effect can also be observed in a mixed state of a bulk
sample. An estimate of the energy dissipation shows that substantial cooling
can be performed during a reasonable time even in the microkelvin regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76066 </DOCNO>
Statistical Coalescence Model Analysis of J/psi Production in Pb+Pb


  Production of J/\psi mesons in heavy ion collisions is considered within the
statistical coalescence model. The model is in agreement with the experimental
data of the NA50 Collaboration for Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV in a wide
centrality range, including the so called ``anomalous'' suppression domain. The
model description of the J/psi data requires, however, strong enhancement of
the open charm production in central Pb+Pb collisions. This model prediction
may be checked in the future SPS runs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96407 </DOCNO>
Multiscale Reference Function Analysis of the ${\cal P}{\cal T}$


  The recent work of Delabaere and Trinh (2000 J. Phys. A 33 8771) discovered
the existence of ${\cal P}{\cal T}$-symmetry breaking, complex energy, $L^2$
solutions for the one dimensional Hamiltonian, $P^2+iX^3+i\alpha X$, in the
asymptotic limit, $\alpha \to -\infty$. Their asymptotic analysis produced
questionable results for moderate values of $\alpha$. We can easily confirm the
existence of ${\cal P}{\cal T}$-symmetry breaking solutions, by explicitly
computing the low lying states, for $|\alpha| < O (10)$. Our analysis makes use
of the Multiscale Reference Function (MRF) approach, developed by Tymczak et al
(1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 3678; 1998 Phys. Rev. A 58, 2708). The MRF results
can be validated by comparing them with the converging eigenenergy bounds
generated through the Eigenvalue Moment Method, as recently argued by Handy
(2001a,b). Given the reliability of the MRF analysis, its fast numerical
implementation, high accuracy, and theoretical simplicity, the present
formalism defines an effective and efficient procedure for analyzing many
related problems that have appeared in the recent literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41089 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Charged Current Reactions of $\nu_e$ on $^{12}C$


  Charged Current reactions of $\nu_e$ on $^{12}C$ have been studied using a
$\mu^+$ decay-at-rest $\nu_e$ beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center.
The cross section for the exclusive reaction $^{12}C(\nu_e,e^-)^{12}N_{g.s.}$
was measured to be $(8.9\pm0.3\pm0.9)\times10^{-42}$ cm$^2$. The observed
energy dependence of the cross section and angular distribution of the outgoing
electron agree well with theoretical expectations. Measurements are also
presented for inclusive transitions to $^{12}N$ excited states,
$^{12}C(\nu_e,e^-)^{12}N^*$ and compared with theoretical expectations. The
measured cross section, $(4.3\pm0.4\pm0.6)\times10^{-42}$ cm$^2$, is somewhat
lower than previous measurements and than a continuum random phase
approximation calculation. It is in better agreement with a recent shell model
calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75962 </DOCNO>
Power Corrections to Perturbative QCD and OPE in Gluon Green Functions


  We show that QCD Green functions in Landau Gauge exhibit sizable $O(1/\mu^2)$
corrections to the expected perturbative behavior at energies as high as 10
GeV. We argue that these are due to a $<A^2>$-condensate which does not vanish
in Landau gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75900 </DOCNO>
Dalitz plot slope parameters for $K \to \pi\pi\pi$ decays and two


  We study the possible distortion of phase-space in the decays $K \to \pi \pi
\pi$, which may result from final state interference among the decay products.
Such distortion may influence the values of slope parameters extracted from the
Dalitz plot distribution of these decays. We comment on the consequences on the
magnitude of violation of the $\mid \Delta I \mid = 1/2$ rule in these decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124647 </DOCNO>
The 2dF gravitational lens survey


  The 2 degree Field (2dF) galaxy redshift survey will involve obtaining
approximately 2.5 x 10^5 spectra of objects previously identified as galaxy
candidates on morphological grounds. Included in these spectra should be about
ten gravitationally-lensed quasars, all with low-redshift galaxies as
deflectors (as the more common lenses with high-redshift deflectors will be
rejected from the survey as multiple point-sources). The lenses will appear as
superpositions of galaxy and quasar spectra, and both cross-correlation
techniques and principal components analysis should be able to identify
candidates systematically. With the 2dF survey approximately half-completed it
is now viable to begin a systematic search for these spectroscopic lenses, and
the first steps of this project are described here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6691 </DOCNO>
Nonadiabatic Transition Probabilities in the Presence of Strong


  Dissipative effects on the nonadiabatic transition for the two and three
level systems are studied. When the system is affected by a strong dissipation
through the diabatic states, the exact transition probability is enumerated
making use of the effective master equation. In the two-level system, we
consider the case where the external field is swept from not only a negative
large value but also from the resonant field, and the exact transition
probabilities in these cases are derived. The transition probabilities are
derived for the three-level system where the three diabatic states form only
one avoided level crossing point. These probabilities are compared with the one
in the pure quantum case obtained by Carroll and Hioe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126277 </DOCNO>
ASTRO-F Survey as Input Catalogues for FIRST


  ASTRO-F is the second Japanese space mission for infrared astronomy and is
scheduled to be launched into a sun-synchronous polar orbit by the Japanese M-V
rocket in February 2004. ASTRO-F has a cooled 67 cm telescope with two focal
plane instruments: one is the Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS) and the other is the
Infrared Camera (IRC). The main purpose of FIS is to perform the all-sky survey
with four photometric bands in the wavelength range of 50 - 200 $\mu$m. The
advantages of the FIS survey over the IRAS survey are (1) higher spatial
resolution ($30''$ at 50-110 $\mu$m and $50''$ at 110-200 $\mu$m) and (2)
better sensitivity by one to two orders of magnitude. The FIS survey will
provide the next generation far-infrared survey catalogs, which will be ideal
inputs for observations by FIRST. The other instrument, IRC, will make deep
imaging and low-resolution spectroscopic observations in the spectral range of
$1.8-26 \mu$m. The IRC will make large-area surveys with its wide field of view
($10' \times 10'$), and will be complementary with the FIRST observations at
longer wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86569 </DOCNO>
Long term stable integration of a maximally sliced Schwarzschild black


  We will present results of a numerical integration of a maximally sliced
Schwarzschild black hole using a smooth lattice method. The results show no
signs of any instability forming during the evolutions to t=1000m. The
principle features of our method are i) the use of a lattice to record the
geometry, ii) the use of local Riemann normal coordinates to apply the 1+1 ADM
equations to the lattice and iii) the use of the Bianchi identities to assist
in the computation of the curvatures. No other special techniques are used. The
evolution is unconstrained and the ADM equations are used in their standard
form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98343 </DOCNO>
The quantum double for quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebras


  Let $D(H)$ be the quantum double associated to a finite dimensional
quasi-Hopf algebra $H$. In this note, we first generalize a result of Majid,
stating that a finite dimensional Hopf algebra $H$ is quasitriangular if and
only if there is a projection of the quantum double $D(H)$ onto $H$ covering
the natural inclusion.We then prove that the quantum double of a finite
dimensional quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra is a biproduct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179350 </DOCNO>
Instabilities in a Mean-field dynamics of Asymmetric Nuclear Matter


  We discuss the features of instabilities in asymmetric nuclear matter, in
particular the relation between the nature of fluctuations, the types of
instabilities and the properties of the interaction. We show a chemical
instability appears as an instability against isoscalar-like fluctuations. Then
starting from phenomenological hadronic field theory (QHD), including exchange
terms, we discuss the symmetry energy and the relation to the dynamical
response inside the spinodal region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96191 </DOCNO>
Periodic Perturbations of Non-Conservative Second Order Differential


  Consider the Lienard system $ u'' + f(u) u' + g(u) = 0$ with a center at the
origin 0. In the case where the period function $T$ is monotonic, we examine
periodic solutions of the perturbed equation $ u'' + a(u)u' + f(u) = \epsilon
h(t)$. {\it Key Words:} perturbed systems, Lienard equation, polynomial
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129617 </DOCNO>
Detection of an Eclipse during the 1987 Outburst of U Sco


  U Sco is a recurrent nova which showed recorded outbursts in 1863, 1906,
1936, 1979, 1987, and most recently in 1999. The eclipsing nature of the object
was discovered after the 1987 outburst. We examined our time-series
photographic observations obtained during on 1987 May 20, which fortuitously
covered the primary minimum (depth 0.8 mag). This postive detection of an
eclipse during the outburst makes the first epoch observation of the U Sco
eclipse during the 1987-1999 outburst interval.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149491 </DOCNO>
Cosmological and black hole brane-world Universes in higher derivative


  General model of multidimensional $R^2$-gravity including Riemann tensor
square term (non-zero $c$ case) is considered. The number of brane-worlds in
such model is constructed (mainly in five dimensions) and their properties are
discussed. Thermodynamics of S-AdS BH (with boundary) is presented when
perturbation on $c$ is used. The entropy, free energy and energy are
calculated. For non-zero $c$ the entropy (energy) is not proportional to the
area (mass). The equation of motion of brane in BH background is presented as
FRW equation. Using dual CFT description it is shown that dual field theory is
not conformal one when $c$ is not zero. In this case the holographic entropy
does not coincide with BH entropy (they coincide for Einstein gravity or $c=0$
HD gravity where AdS/CFT description is well applied).
  Asymmetrically warped background (analog of charged AdS BH) where Lorentz
invariance violation occurs is found. The cosmological 4d dS brane connecting
two dS bulk spaces is formulated in terms of parameters of $R^2$-gravity.
Within proposed dS/CFT correspondence the holographic conformal anomaly from
five-dimensional higher derivative gravity in de Sitter background is
evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169216 </DOCNO>
On the Experimental Incompatibility Between Standard and Bohmian Quantum


  Recently, three experiments have been proposed in order to show that the
standard and Bohmian quantum mechanics can have different predictions at the
individual level of particles. However, these thought experiments have
encountered some objections. In this work, it is our purpose to show that our
basic conclusions about those experiments are still intact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124217 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Luminosities and Radio Loudness of Seyfert Nuclei


  Historically, Seyfert nuclei have been considered to be radio-quiet active
galactic nuclei (AGNs). We question this widely held assumption by showing that
the distribution of the radio-to-optical luminosity ratio R, when properly
measured for the {\it nuclear} component, places the majority of type 1 Seyfert
nuclei in the category of radio-loud AGNs, defined here as objects with R
greater than or equal to 10. This result is further strengthened by strong
correlations found between radio power and optical continuum and emission-line
luminosities, as has been established previously for more powerful AGNs. We
also present a new calibration of the relation between optical continuum and
Balmer emission-line luminosities valid in the regime of low-luminosity AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150085 </DOCNO>
Reissner-Nordstrom Near Extremality from a Jackiw-Teitelboim Perspective


  In this paper, we investigate the near-extremal thermodynamics of the
Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black hole. Our methodology is based on a duality that
exists between the near-horizon geometry of the near-extremal RN sector and
Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) theory. First, the described correspondence is reviewed
at the classical level. Next, we consider first-order perturbations in the dual
JT geometry by incorporating a quantum scalar field into the formalism. The
novelty of our approach is that the matter field is endowed with a
4-dimensional pedigree. We ultimately find that back-reaction effects prohibit
the JT black hole from losing all of its mass. This outcome directly implies
that an RN black hole can not reach extremality and, moreover, can not even
come arbitrarily close to an extremal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74403 </DOCNO>
Photon-Reggeon Interaction Vertices in the Nla


  We calculate the effective vertices for the quark-antiquark and the
quark-antiquark-gluon production in the virtual photon - Reggeized gluon
interaction. The last vertex is considered at the Born level; for the first one
the one-loop corrections are obtained. These vertices have a number of
applications; in particular, they are necessary for calculation of the virtual
photon impact factor in the next-to-leading logarithmic approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5490 </DOCNO>
Neutron Diffuse Scattering from Polar Nanoregions in the Relaxor


  We have studied the neutron diffuse scattering in the relaxor PMN. The
diffuse scattering appears around the Burns temperature (~620K), indicating its
origin from the polar nanoregions (PNR). While the relative diffuse intensities
are consistent with previous reports, they are entirely different from those of
the lowest-energy TO phonon. Because of that, it has been considered that this
TO mode could not be the ferroelectric soft mode. Recently, a neutron
scattering study has unambiguously shown that the TO mode does soften on
cooling. If the diffuse scattering in PMN originates from the soft mode
condensation, then the atomic displacements must satisfy the center of mass
condition. But, the atomic displacements determined from diffuse scattering
intensities do not fulfill this condition. To resolve this contradiction, we
propose a simple model in which the total atomic displacement consists of two
components: $\delta_{CM}$ is created by the soft mode condensation, satisfying
the center of mass condition, and, $\delta_{shift}$ represents a uniform
displacement of the PNR along their polar direction relative to the surrounding
(unpolarized) cubic matrix. Within this framework, we can successfully describe
the neutron diffuse scattering intensities observed in PMN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3605 </DOCNO>
Charge fluctuation between even and odd states of a superconducting


  We theoretically investigate effects of quantum fluctuation between even and
odd charge states on the transport properties of a
normal-superconducting-normal single-electron tunneling transistor. The charge
fluctuation is discussed beyond the orthodox theory. We find that the charging
energy renormalization enhances the parity effect: The Coulomb blockade regime
for odd state is reduced and that for even state is widened. We show that the
renormalization factor can be obtained by measuring the peak position of the
conductance. The renormalization factor reduces with increasing the applied
bias voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149051 </DOCNO>
Warped Compactification with a Four-Brane


  Warped compactification of the six-dimensional bulk with a negative
cosmological constant is realized with a 4-brane along with an abelian gauge
theory. No fine tuning of couplings are needed to obtain the vanishing
cosmological constant in four dimensions, as is the case for the bulk with a
positive cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3906 </DOCNO>
Composition, structure and stability of RuO_2(110) as a function of


  Using density-functional theory (DFT) we calculate the Gibbs free energy to
determine the lowest-energy structure of a RuO_2(110) surface in thermodynamic
equilibrium with an oxygen-rich environment. The traditionally assumed
stoichiometric termination is only found to be favorable at low oxygen chemical
potentials, i.e. low pressures and/or high temperatures. At realistic O
pressure, the surface is predicted to contain additional terminal O atoms.
Although this O excess defines a so-called polar surface, we show that the
prevalent ionic model, that dismisses such terminations on electrostatic
grounds, is of little validity for RuO_2(110). Together with analogous results
obtained previously at the (0001) surface of corundum-structured oxides, these
findings on (110) rutile indicate that the stability of non-stoichiometric
terminations is a more general phenomenon on transition metal oxide surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174699 </DOCNO>
Global Lifetime Measurements of Highly-Deformed and Other Rotational


  It has been possible, using GAMMASPHERE plus Microball,to extract
differential lifetime measurements free from common systematic errors for over
15 different nuclei (various isotopes of Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, and Sm) at high spin
within a single experiment. This comprehensive study establishes the effective
single-particle quadrupole moments in the A~135 light rare-earth region.
Detailed comparisons are made with calculations using the self-consistent
cranked mean-field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148829 </DOCNO>
Tubular Branes in Fluxbranes


  We describe the construction of new configurations of self-gravitating
p-branes with worldvolume geometries of the form R^{1,p-s} x S^s, with 1\leq
s\leq p, ie, tubular branes. Since such branes are typically unstable against
collapse of the sphere, they must be held in equilibrium by a fluxbrane. We
present solutions for string loops with non-singular horizons, as well as
M5-branes intersecting over such loops. We also construct tubular branes which
carry in their worldvolume a dissolved, lower dimensional brane (as in the
dielectric effect), or an F-string. However, the connection between our
solutions and related configurations that have been studied earlier in the
absence of brane self-gravity, is unclear. It is argued that, at least in some
instances, the self-gravitating solutions do not appear to be able to reproduce
stable configurations of tubular branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 885 </DOCNO>
Relaxation time of weakly interacting superparamagnets


  The relaxation time of weakly interacting classical spins is calculated by
introducing the averages of the local dipolar field, obtained by thermodynamic
perturbation theory, in a rigorous expression for the single-spin
thermoactivation rate in a weak but arbitrarily oriented field. At low
temperatures the non-trivial dependence of the superparamagnetic blocking on
the damping coefficient, numerically found by Berkov and Gorn, is reproduced by
our model and interpreted in terms of the deviations from uniaxial anisotropy
associated to the transversal component of the dipolar field acting on each
spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 273 </DOCNO>
Supercurrents through gated superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor


  We analyze the transport through a narrow ballistic superconductor-normal-
metal-superconductor Josephson contact with non-ideal transmission at the
superconductor-normal-metal interfaces, e.g., due to insulating layers,
effective mass steps, or band misfits (SIN interfaces). The electronic spectrum
in the normal wire is determined through the combination of Andreev- and normal
reflection at the SIN interfaces. Strong normal scattering at the SIN
interfaces introduces electron- and hole-like resonances in the normal region
which show up in the quasi-particle spectrum. These resonances have strong
implications for the critical supercurrent $I_c$ which we find to be determined
by the lowest quasi-particle level: tuning the potential $\mu_{x0}$ to the
points where electron- and hole-like resonances cross, we find sharp peaks in
$I_{\rm c}$, resulting in a transitor effect. We compare the performance of
this Resonant Josephson-Transistor (RJT) with that of a Superconducting Single
Electron Transistor (SSET).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75509 </DOCNO>
Summary of the Structure Function Session at Dis01


  The status and ongoing developments in the field of deep inelastic scattering
presented at the DIS01 workshop in Bologna are discussed from both the
experimental and the theoretical perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174838 </DOCNO>
Thermal Bremsstrahlung photons probing the nuclear caloric curve


  Hard-photon (E$_{\gamma}>$ 30 MeV) emission from second-chance
nucleon-nucleon Bremsstrahlung collisions in intermediate energy heavy-ion
reactions is studied employing a realistic thermal model. Photon spectra and
yields measured in several nucleus-nucleus reactions are consistent with an
emission from hot nuclear systems with temperatures $T\approx$ 4 - 7 MeV. The
corresponding caloric curve in the region of excitation energies
$\epsilon^\star\approx$ 3{\it A} - 8{\it A} MeV shows lower values of $T$ than
those expected for a Fermi fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74243 </DOCNO>
Inflaton Condensate Fragmentation in Hybrid Inflation Models


  Inflation ends with the formation of a Bose condensate of inflatons. We show
that in hybrid inflation models this condensate is typically unstable with
respect to spatial perturbations and can fragment to condensate lumps. The case
of D-term inflation is considered as an example and it is shown that
fragmentation occurs if \lambda > 0.2g, where \lambda is the superpotential
coupling and g is the U(1)_{FI} gauge coupling. Condensate fragmentation can
result in an effective enhancement of inflaton annihilations over decays as the
main mode of reheating. In the case of D-term inflation models in which the
Standard Model fields carry U(1)_{FI} charges, if condensate fragmentation
occurs then reheating is dominated by inflaton annihilations, typically
resulting in the overproduction of thermal gravitinos. Fragmentation may also
have important consequences for SUSY flat direction dynamics and for
preheating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174693 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron through


  We report the first measurement of the neutron electric form factor $G_E^n$
via $\vec{d}(\vec{e},e'n)p$ using a solid polarized target. $G_E^n$ was
determined from the beam-target asymmetry in the scattering of longitudinally
polarized electrons from polarized deuterated ammonia, $^{15}$ND$_3$. The
measurement was performed in Hall C at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
Facility (TJNAF) in quasi free kinematics with the target polarization
perpendicular to the momentum transfer. The electrons were detected in a
magnetic spectrometer in coincidence with neutrons in a large solid angle
segmented detector. We find $G_E^n = 0.04632\pm0.00616 (stat.)
  \pm0.00341 (syst.)$ at $Q^2 = 0.495$ (GeV/c)$^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168084 </DOCNO>
Searching a Database under Decoherence


  We report on the effects of a simple decoherence model on the quantum search
algorithm. Despite its simplicity, the decoherence model is an instructive
model that can genuinely imitate realistic noisy environment in many
situations. As one would expect, as the size of the database gets larger, the
effects of decoherence on the efficiency of the quantum search algorithm cannot
be ignored. Moreover, with decoherence, it may not be useful to iterate beyond
the first maxima in the probability distribution of the search entry.
Surprisingly, we also find that the number of iterations for maximum
probability of the search entry reduces with decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169447 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Swapping of Generalized Cat States and Secret Sharing


  We introduce generalized cat states for d-level systems and obtain concise
formulas for their entanglement swapping with generalized Bell states. We then
use this to provide both a generalization to the d-level case and a transparent
proof of validity for an already proposed protocol of secret sharing based on
entanglement swapping

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41014 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations: Status, Prospects and Opportunities at a Neutrino


  We review the current status of neutrino oscillations after 1258 days of
Super-Kamiokande, assess their future prospects over the next 10 years as the
next generation of experiments come on-line, and discuss the longer-term
opportunities presented by a Neutrino Factory. We also give an introduction to
the see-saw mechanism and its application to atmospheric and solar neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7488 </DOCNO>
Glassy dynamics of Josephon arrays on a dice lattice


  In this Letter we study the phase diagram and the approach to the equilibrium
of Josephson junction arrays on a dice lattice for two different values of the
magnetic frustration ($f=1/2,1/3$). In both cases the array unedrgoes a
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless like phase transition. For the fully frustrated
array, $f=1/2$, we find evidence of a {\em glassy behavior} although the system
has {\em no disorder}. For comparison we study dynamics of the array at a
different value of frustration ($f=1/3$) and find no trace of glassy dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74160 </DOCNO>
Probing Quark Matter In Neutron Stars


  The presence of quark matter in neutron star interiors may have distinctive
signatures in basic observables such as (i) masses and radii [1], (ii) surface
temperatures versus age [2], (iii) spin-down rates of milli-second pulsars [3],
and (iv) neutrino luminosities from future galactic core collapse supernovae
[4]. I highlight recent developments in some of these areas with a view towards
assessing how theory may be confirmed by $\nu-$signals from future galactic
supernovae in detectors like SuperK, SNO and others under consideration,
including UNO [5], and by multi-wavelength photon observations with new
generation satellites such as the HST, Chandra, and XMM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179304 </DOCNO>
Effective hadron masses and couplings in nuclear matter and


  The role of effective hadron masses and effective couplings in nuclear matter
is studied using a generalized effective Lagrangian for sigma-omega model. A
simple relation among the effective masses, the effective couplings and the
incompressibility K is derived. Using the relation, it is found that the
effective repulsive and the effective attractive forces are almost canceled to
each other at the normal density. Inversely, if this cancellation is almost
complete, K should be 250-350MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 45 </DOCNO>
Formation of hyperfine fields in alloys


  This work deals with the analysis of experimental data on the average
magnetization of $Fe_{1-x}Me_x$ (Me=Sn,Si) disordered alloys, the average and
local hyperfine fields (HFF) at the Fe nuclei. The effect of the metalloid
concentration on the HFF is studied with the help of the results of first-
principles calculations of ordered alloys. The disorder is taken into account
by means of model systems. The dependences obtained correspond to those
experimentally observed. Experimental data on the ratio of the average HFF at
Fe nuclei to the average magnetisation in alloys with sp-elements show that the
ratio decreases proportionally with the metalloid concentration. This change in
the ratio is bound up with three factors. First, the contribution of the
valence electron polarization by the neighboring atoms, that is positive
(unlike the polarization by the own magnetic moment), increases with the change
of the disorder degree (increase of concentration). Second, the appearance of
the impurities, i.e. metalloid atoms, in the nearest environment of Fe leads to
the orbital moment increase. And, finally, the change of the disorder degree,
as in the first case, results in an increase in the orbital magnetic moment and
its positive contribution to the HFF. The value and the degree of the influence
of these contributions to the HFF is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76155 </DOCNO>
Multi Module Model for Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions


  The Multi Module Model for Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC
and LHC energies is presented. It uses the Effective String Rope Model for the
calculation of the initial stages of the reaction; the output of this model is
used as the initial state for the subsequent one-fluid calculations. It is
shown that such an initial state leads to the creation of the third flow
component. The hydrodynamical evolution of the energy density distribution is
also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97985 </DOCNO>
Catalan paths, Quasi-symmetric functions and Super-Harmonic Spaces


  We investigate the quotient ring $R$ of the ring of formal power series
$\Q[[x_1,x_2,...]]$ over the closure of the ideal generated by non-constant
quasi-\break symmetric functions. We show that a Hilbert basis of the quotient
is naturally indexed by Catalan paths (infinite Dyck paths). We also give a
filtration of ideals related to Catalan paths from $(0,0)$ and above the line
$y=x-k$. We investigate as well the quotient ring $R_n$ of polynomial ring in
$n$ variables over the ideal generated by non-constant quasi-symmetric
polynomials. We show that the dimension of $R_n$ is bounded above by the $n$th
Catalan number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4937 </DOCNO>
Entropy of vortex cores on the border of the superconductor-to-insulator


  We present a study of Nernst effect in underdoped $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ in
magnetic fields as high as 28T. At high fields, a sizeable Nernst signal was
found to persist in presence of a field-induced non-metallic resistivity. By
simultaneously measuring resistivity and the Nernst coefficient, we extract the
entropy of vortex cores in the vicinity of this field-induced
superconductor-insulator transition. Moreover, the temperature dependence of
the thermo-electric Hall angle provides strong constraints on the possible
origins of the finite Nernst signal above $T_c$, as recently discovered by Xu
et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3711 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase transitions in models of coupled magnetic impurities


  We discuss models of interacting magnetic impurities coupled to a metallic
host. If twice the sum of the impurity spins is larger than the total number of
host screening channels, the system shows one or more quantum phase transitions
where the ground-state spin changes as a function of the inter-impurity
couplings. The simplest example is realized by two spin-1/2 Kondo impurities
coupled to a single orbital of the host; this model exhibits a singlet-doublet
transition. We investigate the phase diagram and crossover behavior of this
model and present Numerical Renormalization Group results together with general
arguments showing that the quantum phase transition is either of first order or
of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type, depending on the symmetry of the Kondo
couplings. Connections to other models and possible applications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86416 </DOCNO>
On classical super-radiance in Kerr-Newman-anti-de Sitter black holes


  We study in detail the modes of a classical scalar field on a
Kerr-Newman-anti-de Sitter (KN-AdS) black hole. We construct sets of basis
modes appropriate to the two possible boundary conditions (``reflective'' and
``transparent'') at time-like infinity, and consider whether super-radiance is
possible. If we employ ``reflective'' boundary conditions, all modes are
non-super-radiant. On the other hand, for ``transparent'' boundary conditions,
the presence of super-radiance depends on our definition of positive frequency.
For those KN-AdS black holes having a globally time-like Killing vector, the
natural choice of positive frequency leads to no super-radiance. For other
KN-AdS black holes, there is a choice of positive frequency which gives no
super-radiance, but for other choices there will, in general, be
super-radiance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148535 </DOCNO>
Strings on Calabi-Yau spaces and Toric Geometry


  After a brief introduction into the use of Calabi-Yau varieties in string
dualities, and the role of toric geometry in that context, we review the
classification of toric Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces and present some results on
complete intersections. While no proof of the existence of a finite bound on
the Hodge numbers is known, all new data stay inside the familiar range
$h_{11}+h_{12}\le 502$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169376 </DOCNO>
Invariant information and quantum state estimation


  The invariant information introduced by Brukner and Zeilinger, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 83, 3354 (1999), is reconsidered from the point of view of quantum state
estimation. We show that it is directly related to the mean error of the
standard reconstruction from the measurement of a complete set of mutually
complementary observables. We give its generalization in terms of the Fisher
information. Provided that the optimum reconstruction is adopted, the
corresponding quantity loses its invariant character.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41114 </DOCNO>
SND Upgade


  The program of upgrade of the Spherical Neutral Detector for future
experiments at a new VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider is presented. Modernization
includes upgrades of electromagnetic calorimeter, tracking system, detector
electronics, data acquisition system, and offline software. It is also planned
to equip the detector with two new subsystems: particle identification system
based on aerogel Cherenkov counters and external electron tagging system for
$\gamma\gamma$ physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128362 </DOCNO>
Lyman Alpha Emitters at Redshift z=5.7


  Lyman alpha galaxies at high redshifts offer a powerful probe of both the
formation of galaxies and the reionization of the intergalactic medium. Lyman
alpha line emission is an efficient tool for identifying young galaxies at high
redshift, because it is strong in systems with young stars and little or no
dust-- properties expected in galaxies undergoing their first burst of
star-formation. Lyman alpha galaxies also provide a robust test of the
reionization epoch that is independent of Gunn-Peterson trough observations in
quasar spectra and is better able to distinguish line center optical depths
tau=5 from tau=10^5. This is because neutral gas scatters Lyman alpha photons,
dramatically ``blurring'' images of Lyman alpha galaxies embedded in a neutral
intergalactic medium and rendering them undetectable.
  We present a photometrically selected sample of z=5.7 Lyman alpha emitters
derived from the Large Area Lyman Alpha survey. The presence of these
low-luminosity Lyman alpha sources at z=5.7 immediately implies that the
reionization redshift was > 5.7. Comparing these objects to our earlier z=4.5
sample, we find that the number of z=5.7 emitters at fixed line luminosity
marginally exceeds the no-evolution expectation, but falls well short of
published model predictions. The equivalent width distribution is similar at
the two redshifts. The large equivalent widths of the Lyman alpha line indicate
young galaxies undergoing their first star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148471 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and the Systematics of T-duality Rotations in Type-II


  We describe a systematic method of studying the action of the T-duality group
O(d,d) on space-time fermions and R-R field strengths and potentials in type-II
string theories, based on space-time supersymmetry. The formalism is then used
to show that the couplings of non-Abelian D-brane charges to R-R potentials can
be described by an appropriate Clifford multiplication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128726 </DOCNO>
Understanding the LMXB X2127+119 in M15 I. X-ray eclipses and dips


  We present X-ray observations of the high-inclination low-mass X-ray binary
system X2127+119 (AC211) in the globular cluster M15 (NGC 7078). The
observations consist of data acquired in 1996 with the RXTE satellite and in
1995 with the ASCA satellite. Also, the MPC1 data from the 1988 GINGA
observations were de-archived and re-analysed. The phase-folded 2-10 keV
hardness ratios from all three missions differ significantly indicating that
the system can exhibit different spectral behaviours. We find that the X-ray
eclipse profiles can be described relatively well using a simple model where
the secondary star passes in front of a large X-ray emitting region. For this
we require a mass ratio (q=M1/M2) of about one. The radius of this X-ray
emitting region is ~0.8 RL1 and its vertical extent 60 degrees above the
orbital plane. We suggest that if this X-ray emitting region were an optically
thick corona, it would explain various puzzling aspects of this system. We also
show that the X-ray dip observed at phases around 0.65 does not conform with
the idea that the dip is caused by vertically extended material associated with
the stream/disc impact region, but that it could be due to structure in the
inner parts of the disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1808 </DOCNO>
A Multicanonical Molecular Dynamics Study on a Simple Bead-Spring Model


  We have performed a multicanonical molecular dynamics simulation on a simple
model protein.We have studied a model protein composed of charged, hydrophobic,
and neutral spherical bead monomers.Since the hydrophobic interaction is
considered to significantly affect protein folding, we particularly focus on
the competition between effects of the Coulomb interaction and the hydrophobic
interaction. We found that the transition which occurs upon decreasing the
temperature is markedly affected by the change in both parameters and forms of
the hydrophobic potential function, and the transition changes from first order
to second order, when the Coulomb interaction becomes weaker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125649 </DOCNO>
The Absorbers Toward CSO 118: Superclustering at {z~3}, or an Intrinsic


  We present two low resolution (R~1300) high signal-to-noise spectra
(Wr,lim~50mA) of the quasar CSO 118 (zem=2.97) taken with the Hobby-Eberly
Telescope Marcario Low Resolution Spectrograph. We detect eight absorbers
selected by the CIV 1548,1550 absorption doublet in the redshift range {2.23 <
zabs < 2.97}, seven of which are zabs > 2.68. In the redshift range covered by
the seven zabs > 2.68 systems, one expects to find two absorbers. We discuss
possible explanations for such an excess of absorbers in a small velocity
range. Only superclustering at high redshift and absorption due to intrinsic
gas are feasibly allowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127068 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Physical Parameters of Collimated Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows


  We determine the basic physical characteristics of eight Gamma-Ray Bursts --
980519, 990123, 990510, 991028, 991216, 000301c, 000926 and 010222 -- by
modelling the broadband emission of their afterglows. We find that the burst
kinetic energies after the GRB phase are well clustered around a mean value of
3E50 ergs. In contrast, the energy release in gamma-rays, after correcting for
collimated explosion, varies among bursts by more than an order of magnitude.
  The jet initial apertures are the 2-14 degree range, mildly correlated with
the energy, half of the jets being narrower than ~3 deg. This implies that,
within 100 Mpc, there are about 10 GRB remnants (expanding at ~0.1c) which can
be resolved with VLBA.
  For all eight afterglows the total energy in the shock-accelerated electrons
is close to equipartition with protons. However the slope of the power-law
electron distribution is not universal, varying between 1.4 and 2.8.
  In at least half of the cases, the density structure of the medium is
inconsistent with an r^{-2} profile. A homogeneous medium with density in the
0.1-50 per cc range can accommodate the broadband emission of all afterglows,
with the exception of 990123, for which we find the density to be less than
0.01 per cc. If GRBs arise from the core collapse of massive stars, then such
low densities indicate the existence of superbubbles created by the supernovae
and winds within a cluster of massive stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123581 </DOCNO>
GAIA: Composition, Formation and Evolution of the Galaxy


  The GAIA astrometric mission has recently been approved as one of the next
two `cornerstones' of ESA's science programme, with a launch date target of not
later than mid-2012. GAIA will provide positional and radial velocity
measurements with the accuracies needed to produce a stereoscopic and kinematic
census of about one billion stars throughout our Galaxy (and into the Local
Group), amounting to about 1 per cent of the Galactic stellar population.
GAIA's main scientific goal is to clarify the origin and history of our Galaxy,
from a quantitative census of the stellar populations. It will advance
questions such as when the stars in our Galaxy formed, when and how it was
assembled, and its distribution of dark matter. The survey aims for
completeness to V=20 mag, with accuracies of about 10 microarcsec at 15 mag.
Combined with astrophysical information for each star, provided by on-board
multi-colour photometry and (limited) spectroscopy, these data will have the
precision necessary to quantify the early formation, and subsequent dynamical,
chemical and star formation evolution of our Galaxy. Additional products
include detection and orbital classification of tens of thousands of
extra-Solar planetary systems, and a comprehensive survey of some 10^5-10^6
minor bodies in our Solar System, through galaxies in the nearby Universe, to
some 500,000 distant quasars. It will provide a number of stringent new tests
of general relativity and cosmology. The complete satellite system was
evaluated as part of a detailed technology study, including a detailed payload
design, corresponding accuracy assesments, and results from a prototype data
reduction development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95491 </DOCNO>
Infinite Hopf Families of Algebras and Yang-Baxter Relations


  A Yang-Baxter relation-based formalism for generalized quantum affine
algebras with the structure of an infinite Hopf family of (super-) algebras is
proposed. The structure of the infinite Hopf family is given explicitly on the
level of $L$ matrices. The relation with the Drinfeld current realization is
established in the case of $4\times4$ $R$-matrices by studying the analogue of
the Ding-Frenkel theorem. By use of the concept of algebra ``comorphisms''
(which generalize the notion of algebra comodules for standard Hopf algebras),
a possible way of constructing infinitely many commuting operators out of the
generalized $RLL$ algebras is given. Finally some examples of the generalized
$RLL$ algebras are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126076 </DOCNO>
New Analyses of Star-to-Star Abundance Variations Among Bright Giants in


  We present a chemical composition analysis of 36 giant stars in the mildly
metal-poor globular cluster M5 (NGC 5904). The analysis makes use of high
resolution data acquired at the Keck I telescope as well as a re-analysis of
high resolution spectra acquired for an earlier study at Lick Observatory. We
employed two analysis techniques: one, adopting standard spectroscopic
constraints, and two, adopting an analysis consistent with the non-LTE precepts
as recently described by Thevenin & Idiart. The abundance ratios we derive for
magnesium, silicon, calcium, scandium, titanium, vanadium, nickel, barium and
europium in M5 show no significant abundance variations and the ratios are
comparable to those of halo field stars. However, large variations are seen in
the abundances of oxygen, sodium and aluminum, the elements that are sensitive
to proton-capture nucleosynthesis. In comparing the abundances of M5 and M4
(NGC 6121), another mildly metal-poor globular cluster, we find that silicon,
aluminum, barium and lanthanum are overabundant in M4 with respect to what is
seen in M5, confirming and expanding the results of previous studies. In
comparing the abundances between these two clusters and others having
comparable metallicities, we find that the anti-correlations observed in M5 are
similar to those found in more metal-poor clusters, M3, M10 and M13, whereas
the behavior in M4 is more like that of the more metal-rich globular cluster
M71. We conclude that among stars in Galactic globular clusters, there is no
definitive ``single'' value of [el/Fe] at a given [Fe/H] for at least some
alpha-capture, odd-Z and slow neutron-capture process elements, in this case,
silicon, aluminum, barium and lanthanum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73206 </DOCNO>
Implications of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and Higgs-mediated


  In the light of the recent measurement of the muon anmalous magnetic moment
$a_\mu$ by the Muon $(g-2)$ Collaboration, we examine the contribution to
$a_\mu$ from the exchange of flavor changing scalars. Assuming that the heavier
generations have larger flavor changing couplings, we obtain a bound on $\mu -
\tau$ Yukawa coupling for a given scalar mass. Constraints on other flavor
changing/conserving couplings are also obtained from the lepton flavor
violating decays of muon and tau lepton, and bounds on the branching ratio of
$\tau \to 3 e$, $\mu \to 3 e$ and $\tau \to e \mu e$ processes are predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76744 </DOCNO>
Constraining the primordial spectrum of metric perturbations from


  We consider the production of gravitinos and moduli fields from quantum
vacuum fluctuations induced by the presence of scalar metric perturbations at
the end of inflation. We obtain the corresponding occupation numbers, up to
first order in perturbation theory, in terms of the power spectrum of the
metric perturbations. We compute the limits imposed by nucleosynthesis on the
spectral index $n_s$ for different models with constant $n_s$. The results show
that, in certain cases, such limits can be as strong as $n_s<1.12$, which is
more stringent than those coming from primordial black hole production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41813 </DOCNO>
Mass Determination Method for the Right and Left Selectron Above


  The determination of the masses of Supersymmetric particles such as the
Selectron for energies above threshold using the energy end-points method is
subject to signal deconvolution difficulties and to Standard Model and
Supersymmetric backgrounds. The important features of Right and Left Selectron
production are used to design an experimentally robust method both for
determining the Left and Right Selectron masses, the Neutralino mass and for
suppresing backgrounds. The mass resolution is an order of magnitude better
than in previous methods. Additional features, such as the determination of the
relative leptonic branching ratios of the selectron decay are present in the
method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126400 </DOCNO>
Grains in Photo-Ionized Environments


  Ever since the pioneering study of Spitzer, it has been widely recognized
that grains play an important role in the heating and cooling of photo-ionized
environments. This includes the diffuse ISM, as well as H II regions, planetary
nebulae, and photo-dissociation regions.
  A detailed code is necessary to model grains in a photo-ionized medium since
the interactions of grains with their environment include a host of
microphysical processes, and their importance can only be judged by performing
a complete simulation. In this paper we will use the spectral synthesis code
Cloudy for this purpose. A comprehensive upgrade of the grain model has been
recently incorporated in Cloudy, and certain aspects of this upgrade will be
discussed. Special emphasis will be on the new grain charge model. We will
consider in detail the physics of grains in both ionized and neutral
environments, and will present a calculation of photo-electric heating and
collisional cooling rates for a range of physical conditions and grain
materials and for a range of grain sizes (including a realistic size
distribution). We conclude with a brief discussion of the problems currently
hampering progress in this field. The new grain model will be used to model the
silicate emission in the Ney-Allen nebula, and will help us better understand
the nature of the grains in that part of the Orion complex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148522 </DOCNO>
Confinement Near Argyres-Douglas Point in N=2 QCD and Low Energy Version


  We study Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen (ANO) flux tubes on the Higgs branch of N=2
QCD with SU(2) gauge group and two flavors of fundamental matter. In
particular, we consider this theory near Argyres-Douglas (AD) point where the
mass of monopoles connected by these ANO strings becomes small. In this regime
the effective QED which describes the theory on the Higgs branch becomes
strongly coupled. We argue that the appropriate description of the theory is in
terms of long and thin flux tubes (strings) with small tension. We interpret
this as another example of duality between field theory in strong coupling and
string theory in weak coupling. Then we consider the non-critical string theory
for these flux tubes which includes fifth (Liouville) dimension. We identify
CFT at the AD point as UV fix point corresponding to AdS metric on the 5d
"gravity" side. The perturbation associated with the monopole mass term creates
a kink separating UV and IR behavior. We estimate the renormalized string
tension and show that it is determined by the small monopole mass. In
particular, it goes to zero at the AD point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128277 </DOCNO>
The Population of Weak MgII Absorbers. II The Properties of Single-Cloud


  We present an investigation of MgII absorbers characterized as single-cloud
weak systems at z~1. We measured column densities and Doppler parameters for
MgII and FeII in 15 systems found in HIRES/Keck spectra at 6.6 km/s. Using
these quantities and CIV, Lyman alpha and Lyman limit absorption observed with
FOS/HST (resolution ~230 km/s) we applied photoionization models to each system
to constrain metallicities, densities, ionization conditions, and sizes.
  We find that: (1) Single-cloud weak systems are optically thin in neutral
hydrogen and may have their origins in a population of objects distinct from
the optically thick strong MgII absorbers, which are associated with bright
galaxies. (2) Weak systems account for somewhere between 25% to 100% of the z <
1 Lyman alpha forest clouds in the range 15.8<log N(HI)<16.8 cm^-2. (3) At
least seven of 15 systems have two or more ionization phases of gas (multiphase
medium). (4) We identify a subset of weak MgII absorber that we term
``iron-rich''. These clouds are not alpha-group enhanced and are constrained
to have sizes of ~10 pc. At that size, to produce the observed redshift path
density, they would need to outnumber L* galaxies by approximately six orders
of magnitude.
  We discuss these results and the implications that the iron-rich systems
require enrichment from Type Ia supernovae. Further, we address how star
clusters or supernova remnants in dwarf galaxies might give rise to absorbers
with the inferred properties. This would imply far larger numbers of such
objects than are presently known, even locally. We compare the weak systems to
the weak kinematic subsystems in strong MgII absorbers and to Galactic high
velocity clouds. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124479 </DOCNO>
The First Observations of the Second Brightest Quasar


  We report the discovery of a new bright quasar PHL 1811 as part of a followup
program to identify bright quasars in the FIRST radio survey. With B=13.9,
R=13.9, and z=0.192, this quasar is now the second brightest quasar (in
apparent magnitude) known beyond z=0.1. Optically classified as a Narrow-line
Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1), PHL 1811 is unusual for an object in this class in
that it was not detected in X-rays in the ROSAT All Sky survey or in any
previous X-ray survey. A follow-up BeppoSAX observation confirms that it is
deficient in X-rays compared with other quasars, but poor signal to noise
prevents a definitive characterization of the X-ray spectrum. We consider three
alternative hypotheses to explain why PHL 1811 is a weak X-ray source: 1.) it
is a BALQSO and suffers X-ray absorption; 2.) like several other luminous
NLS1s, it exhibits high amplitude X-ray variability, and has been observed only
when it is in an X-ray quiescent state; 3.) it is intrinsically weak because it
simply lacks an X-ray emitting region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4140 </DOCNO>
Two-particle pairing in a 2D Bose-gas with the Van der Waals interaction


  We present a phase diagram for a dilute 2D Bose-gas on the lattice. We
consider a realistic case of the Van der Waals interaction between the
particles with a strong hard-core repulsion U and a Van der Waals attractive
tail V. For V<2 t, t being a hopping amplitude, the phase diagram of the system
contains the regions of the usual one-particle Bose-Einstein condensation
(BEC). However for V>2t a highly non-trivial s-wave pairing of the two bosons
takes place at low densities $n_B \ll1$. Finally, for $V \geq 4t$ and low
density we have a total phase separation on the Mott-Hubbard Bose solid with
$n_B\to 1$ and a dilute Bose-gas with $n_B\to 0$. The results we get should be
important for different Bose-systems, including the submonolayers of $^4$He,
excitons in semiconductors, Bose-gases in magnetic traps and holons in HTSC. In
the HTSC case a possibility of the two-holon pairing in the slave-bosons
theories of superconductivity can restore a required charge 2e of a Cooper
pair.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168443 </DOCNO>
Quantum Period Query Proves NP in BQP


  Withdrawn by the authors. Since the elements within each period of function
hA are not distinct, period finding cannot operate properly. Thanks to all for
the comments and sorry for the inconvenience.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85733 </DOCNO>
A 2-Surface Quantization of the Lorentzian Gravity


  This is a contribution to the MG9 session QG1-a. A new quantum representation
for the Lorentzian gravity is created from the Pullin vaccum by the operators
assigned to 2-complexes. The representation uses the original, spinorial
Ashtekar variables, the reality conditions are well posed and Thiemann's
Hamiltonian is well defined. The results on the existence of a suitable Hilbert
product are partial. They were derived in collaboration with Abhay Ashtekar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74258 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment and supersymmetric dark matter


  The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon has recently been measured to be in
conflict with the Standard Model prediction with an excess of 2.6 sigma. Taking
this result as a measurement of the supersymmetric contribution, we find that
at 95% confidence level it imposes an upper bound of about 500 GeV on the
neutralino mass and forbids higgsino dark matter. More interestingly, it
predicts an accessible lower bound on the direct detection rate, and it
strongly favors models detectable by neutrino telescopes. Cosmic ray
antideuterons may also be an interesting probe of such models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123671 </DOCNO>
Z Cam stars: a particular response to a general phenomenon


  We show that the disc instability model can reproduce all the observed
properties of Z Cam stars if the energy equation includes heating of the outer
disc by the mass-transfer stream impact and by tidal torques and if the
mass-transfer rate from the secondary varies by about 30% around the value
critical for stability. In particular the magnitude difference between outburst
maxima and standstills corresponds to observations, all outbursts are of the
inside-out type and can be divided into two classes: long (wide) and short
(narrow) outbursts, as observed. Mass transfer rate fluctuations should occur
in other dwarf novae but one can exclude variations similar to those observed
in magnetic systems (AM Her's and some DQ Her's) and some nova-like systems (VY
Scl's), in which \dot{M} become very small during low states; these would
produce mini-outburst which, although detectable, have never been observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74660 </DOCNO>
Higher order corrections to primordial spectra from cosmological


  We calculate power spectra of cosmological perturbations at high accuracy for
two classes of inflation models. We classify the models according to the
behaviour of the Hubble distance during inflation. Our approximation works if
the Hubble distance can be approximated either to be a constant or to grow
linearly with cosmic time. Many popular inflationary models can be described in
this way, e.g., chaotic inflation with a monomial potential, power-law
inflation and inflation at a maximum. Our scheme of approximation does not rely
on a slow-roll expansion. Thus we can make accurate predictions for some of the
models with large slow-roll parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129451 </DOCNO>
X-ray Statistical Properties of the Central Cool Component in Clusters


  Central cool gas component that is often observed from a well-relaxed cluster
system has long been interpreted as a consequence of ``Cooling Flow'' (CF),
radiative cooling followed by inflow of Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM). However,
recent XMM-Newton spectroscopy has shown no signatures of cooler gas phases
below certain temperatures in typical CF clusters (A1795, Tamura et al. 2001;
A1835, Peterson et al. 2001). This contradicts the conventional CF model or at
least requires a major revision of the model. In order to investigate
statistical properties of the central cool component, we performed systematic
analysis of ASCA data on 85 clusters. We found that 1) temperature of the
central cool component strongly depends on the temperature of the main ICM, 2)
the cool component is selectively found around a brightest cluster galaxy (BCG)
that coincide with the X-ray peak position, and 3) the luminosity-temperature
(L-T) relation of the cool component shows nice agreement with the L-T relation
of the main ICM. Together with the previous observational fact that, in some of
the ``CF'' clusters, the total gravitating mass is clustering in two distinct
spatial scales, a main cluster component and a second small-scale system, we
conclude that the central cool component is associated with the second
small-scale self-gravitating system that is immersed in the host cluster, and
the cool component temperature reflects the gravitational potential depth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98189 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Generalized Power Series and Automata


  A theorem of Christol states that a power series over a finite field is
algebraic over the polynomial ring if and only if its coefficients can be
generated by a finite automaton. Using Christol's result, we prove that the
same assertion holds for generalized power series (whose index sets may be
arbitrary well-ordered sets of nonnegative rationals).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3567 </DOCNO>
High precision simulations of the longest common subsequence problem


  The longest common subsequence problem is a long studied prototype of pattern
matching problems. In spite of the effort dedicated to it, the numerical value
of its central quantity, the Chvatal-Sankoff constant, is not yet known.
Numerical estimations of this constant are very difficult due to finite size
effects. We propose a numerical method to estimate the Chvatal-Sankoff constant
which combines the advantages of an analytically known functional form of the
finite size effects with an efficient multi-spin coding scheme. This method
yields very high precision estimates of the Chvatal-Sankoff constant. Our
results correct earlier estimates for small alphabet size while they are
consistent with (albeit more precise than) earlier results for larger alphabet
size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168555 </DOCNO>
Discrimination between nonorthogonal two-photon polarization states


  It is shown that generalized measurements, required for optimally
discriminating between nonorthogonal joint polarization states of two
indistinguishable photons, can be realized with the help of
polarization-dependent two-photon absorption and by means of sum-frequency
generation. Optimization schemes are investigated with respect to minimizing
the error probability in inferring the states, as well as with respect to
maximizing the probability of success for unambiguous discrimination. Moreover,
an implementation of error-minimizing discrimination between N symmetric
single-photon states is studied. The latter can be used to extract information
from the inconclusive results occurring in unambiguous discrimination between
three symmetric two-photon polarization states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179068 </DOCNO>
Collisional Damping of Giant Monopole and Quadrupole Resonances


  Collisional damping widths of giant monopole and quadrupole excitations for
$^{120}$Sn and $^{208}$Pb at zero and finite temperatures are calculated within
Thomas-Fermi approximation by employing the microscopic in-medium
cross-sections of Li and Machleidt and the phenomenological Skyrme and Gogny
forces, and are compared with each other. The results for the collisional
widths of giant monopole and quadrupole vibrations at zero temperature as a
function of the mass number show that the collisional damping of giant monopole
vibrations accounts for about 30-40% of the observed widths at zero
temperature, while for giant quadrupole vibrations it accounts for only 20-30%
of the observed widths of zero temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76346 </DOCNO>
Proton spin structure and the axial U(1) problem


  We emphasise the relation between the spin structure of the proton and the
axial U(1) problem. New experiments motivated by the proton spin problem which
could shed light on the nature of U(1) symmetry breaking in QCD are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127834 </DOCNO>
X-ray Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes in Non-Active Galaxies.


  It has long been suggested that supermassive black holes in non-active
galaxies might be tracked down by occasional tidal disruptions of stars on
nearly radial orbits. A tidal disruption event would reveal itself by a
luminous flare of electromagnetic radiation. Theorists argued that the
convincing detection of such a tidal disruption event would be the observation
of an event which fulfills the following three criteria: (1) the event should
be of finite duration (a `flare'), (2) it should be very luminous (up to
L_{max} ~ 10^{45} erg/s in maximum), and (3) it should reside in a galaxy that
is otherwise perfectly {\em non-active} (to be sure to exclude an upward
fluctuation in gaseous accretion rate of an {\em active} galaxy). During the
last few years, several X-ray flare events were detected which match exactly
the above criteria. We therefore consider these events to be excellent
candidates for the occurrences of the theoretically predicted tidal disruption
flares.
  In this contribution, we review the previous observations of giant X-ray
flares from normal galaxies, present new results on these objects, critically
discuss alternatives to the favored outburst scenario, and report results from
our ongoing search for further tidal disruption flares based on the ROSAT
all-sky survey database.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167950 </DOCNO>
Non-adiabatic conditional geometric phase shift with NMR


  Conditional geometric phase shift gate, which is fault tolerate to certain
errors due to its geometric property, is made by NMR technique recently under
adiabatic condition. By the adiabatic requirement, the result is inexact unless
the Hamiltonian changes extremely slowly in the process. However, in quantum
computation, everything has to be completed within the decoherence time. High
running speed of every gate in quantum computation is demanded because the
power of quantum computer can be exponentially proportional to the maximum
number of logic gate operation that can be taken sequentially within the
decoherence time. Adiabatic condition makes any fast conditional Berry
phase(cyclic adiabatic geometric phase) shift gate impossible. Here we show
that by using a new designed sequence of simple operations with an additional
vertical magnetic field, the conditional geometric phase shift can be done
non-adiabatically. Therefore geometric quantum computation can be done in the
same speed level of usual quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125440 </DOCNO>
NICS-TNG infrared spectroscopy of trans-neptunian objects 2000 EB173 and


  We report complete near-infrared (0.9-2.4 $\mu$m) spectral observations of
trans-neptunian objects (TNOs) 2000 EB173 and 2000 WR106 collected using the
new Near Infrared Camera Spectrometer (NICS) attached to the 3.56m Telescopio
Nazionale Galileo (TNG). Both spectra are very red and with a quite strong and
broad drop extending throughout the K band. However, while 2000 EB173 does not
show any evidence of narrow absorption features, the spectrum of 2000 WR106 has
quite deep water ice absorption at 1.5 and 2.0 $\mu$m. Moreover, the latter
object is significantly less red than the former indicating, therefore, that
the surface of 2000 WR106 is ``cleaner'' (i.e. less processed by particle
irradiation) than that of 2000 EB173.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77135 </DOCNO>
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays from Neutrino Emitting Acceleration


  We demonstrate by numerical flux calculations that neutrino beams producing
the observed highest energy cosmic rays by weak interactions with the relic
neutrino background require a non-uniform distribution of sources. Such sources
have to accelerate protons at least up to 10^{23} eV, have to be opaque to
their primary protons, and should emit the secondary photons unavoidably
produced together with the neutrinos only in the sub-MeV region to avoid
conflict with the diffuse gamma-ray background measured by the EGRET
experiment. Even if such a source class exists, the resulting large
uncertainties in the parameters involved in this scenario does currently not
allow to extract any meaningful information on absolute neutrino masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86099 </DOCNO>
The Tolman VII solution, trapped null orbits and w - modes


  The Tolman VII solution is an exact static spherically symmetric perfect
fluid solution of Einstein's equations that exhibits a surprisingly good
approximation to a neutron star. We show that this solution exhibits trapped
null orbits in a causal region even for a tenuity (total radius to mass ratio)
$> 3$. In this region the dynamical part of the potential for axial w - modes
dominates over the centrifugal part.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3315 </DOCNO>
Photoassisted dynamical transport in multiple quantum wells


  We study the dynamical transport in weakly coupled superlattices in the
presence of intense radiation in the THz regime. We derive a general model for
the time dependent tunneling current within the Keldysh
nonequilibrium-Green-function formalism. For the particular situation in which
fast scattering procceses drive the system to local equilibrium in the wells
drastic changes are found in the current vs. voltage curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126834 </DOCNO>
A study of Tycho's SNR at TeV energies with the HEGRA CT-System


  Tycho's supernova remnant (SNR) was observed during 1997 and 1998 with the
 HEGRA Cherenkov Telescope System in a search for gamma-ray emission at
energies above
 ~1 TeV. An analysis of these data, ~65 hours in total, resulted in no evidence
for TeV gamma-ray emission. The 3sigma upper limit to the gamma-ray flux (>1
TeV) from Tycho is estimated at 5.78x10^{-13} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1}, or 33
milli-Crab. We interpret our upper limit within the framework of the following
scenarios:
 (1) that the observed hard X-ray tail is due to synchrotron emission. A lower
limit on the magnetic field within Tycho may be estimated B>=22 microG,
assuming that the RXTE-detected
 X-rays were due to synchrotron emission. However, using results from a
detailed model of the ASCA emission, a more conservative lower limit B>=6
microG is derived.
 (2) the hadronic model of Drury, Aharonian & Voelk, and (3) the more recent
time-dependent kinetic theory of Berezhko & Voelk.
 Our upper limit lies within the range of predicted values of both hadronic
models, according to uncertainties in physical parameters of Tycho, and shock
acceleration details. In the latter case, the model was scaled to suit the
parameters of Tycho and re-normalised to account for a simplification of the
original model.
 We find that we cannot rule out Tycho as a potential contributor at an average
level to the Galactic cosmic-ray flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168348 </DOCNO>
A Systematic Algorithm for Quantum Boolean Circuits Construction


  To build a general-purpose quantum computer, it is crucial for the quantum
devices to implement classical boolean logic. A straightforward realization of
quantum boolean logic is to use auxiliary qubits as intermediate storage. This
inefficient implementation causes a large number of auxiliary qubits to be
used. In this paper, we have derived a systematic way of realizing any general
m-to-n bit combinational boolean logic using elementary quantum gates. Our
approach transforms the m-to-n bit classical mapping into a t-bit unitary
quantum operation with minimum number of auxiliary qubits, then a variation of
Toffoli gate is used as the basic building block to construct the unitary
operation. Finally, each of these building blocks can be decomposed into
one-bit rotation and two-bit control-U gates. The efficiency of the network is
taken into consideration by formulating it as a constrained set partitioning
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2071 </DOCNO>
MgB2 superconducting thin films with a transition temperature of 39


  We report the growth of high-quality c-axis-oriented epitaxial MgB2 thin
films by using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The thin films grown on
(1`1 0 2) Al2O3 substrates show a Tc of 39 K. The critical current density in
zero field is ~ 6 x 10^6 A/cm2 at 5 K and ~ 3 x 10^5 A/cm^2 at 35 K, suggesting
that this compound has great potential for electronic device applications, such
as microwave devices and superconducting quantum interference devices. For the
films deposited on Al2O3, X-ray diffraction patterns indicate a highly
c-axis-oriented crystal structure perpendicular to the substrate surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125224 </DOCNO>
A detailed study of the 5 Hz quasi-periodic oscillations in the bright


  We present a detailed study of the 5 Hz quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO)
recently discovered in the bright X-ray transient and black-hole candidate GRS
1739-278 (Borozdin & Trudolyubov 2000) during a Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
observation taken on 1996 March 31. In total 6.6 ksec of on-source data were
obtained, divided in two data sets of 3.4 and 3.2 ksec which were separated by
2.6 ksec. The 5 Hz QPO was only present during the second data set. The QPO
increased in strength from below 2% rms amplitude for photon energies below 4
keV to ~5% rms amplitude for energies above 10 keV. The soft QPO photons (below
5 keV) lagged the hard ones (above 10 keV) by almost 1.5 radian. Besides the
QPO fundamental, its first overtone was detected. The strength of the overtone
increased with photon energy (from <2% rms below 5 keV to ~8% rms above 10
keV). Although the limited statistics did not allow for an accurate
determination of the lags of the first overtone, indications are that also for
this QPO the soft photons lagged the hard ones. When the 5 Hz QPO was not
detected (i.e., during the first part of the observation), a broad noise
component was found for photon energies below 10 keV but it became almost a
true QPO (with a Q value of ~1.9) above that energy, with a frequency of ~3 Hz.
Its hard photons preceded the soft ones in a way reminiscent of the 5 Hz QPO,
strongly suggesting that both features are physically related. We discuss our
finding in the frame work of low-frequency QPOs and their properties in BHCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149532 </DOCNO>
N=1 Mirror Symmetry and Open/Closed String Duality


  We show that the exact N=1 superpotential of a class of 4d string
compactifications is computed by the closed topological string compactified to
two dimensions. A relation to the open topological string is used to define a
special geometry for N=1 mirror symmetry. Flat coordinates, an N=1 mirror map
for chiral multiplets and the exact instanton corrected superpotential are
obtained from the periods of a system of differential equations. The result
points to a new class of open/closed string dualities which map individual
string world-sheets with boundary to ones without. It predicts an
mathematically unexpected coincidence of the closed string Gromov-Witten
invariants of one Calabi-Yau geometry with the open string invariants of the
dual Calabi-Yau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179716 </DOCNO>
Aspects of meson properties in dense nuclear matter


  We investigate the modification of meson spectral densities in dense nuclear
matter at zero temperature. These effects are studied in a fully relativistic
mean field model which goes beyond the linear density approximation and also
includes baryon resonances. In particular, the role of N*(1520) and N*(1720) on
the rho meson spectral density is highlighted. Even though the nucleon-nucleon
loop and the nucleon-resonance loop contribute with the opposite sign, an
overall reduction of rho meson mass is still observed at high density.
Importantly, it is shown that the resonances cause substantial broadening of
the rho meson spectral density in matter and also induces non-trivial momentum
dependence. The spectral density of the a0 meson is also shown. We study the
dispersion relations and collective oscillations induced by the rho meson
propagation in nuclear matter together with the influence of the mixing of rho
with the a0 meson. The relevant expression for the plasma frequency is also
recovered analytically in the appropriate limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125496 </DOCNO>
X-ray flares/bursts from GRS 1915+105 and the two component accretion


  We present results of our analysis of a set of RXTE/PCA observations of X-ray
flares/bursts with burst cycle ranging from 30 to 1300 s from the Galactic
X-ray transient source GRS 1915+105 during last four years. These flares/bursts
can be classified into four types: 1) regular bursts with short burst phase of
about 20 s (R1), 2) regular bursts with short quiescent phase of about 20 s
(R2), 3) long regular bursts (R3) with burst cycle > 1000 s, and 4) irregular
bursts (IR). For all the observed bursts, the duration of the quiescent phase
is inversely proportional to the square of the QPO frequency (2-10 Hz).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76981 </DOCNO>
Langevin dynamics of $J/\psi$ in a parton plasma


  We consider the Brownian motion of a $c \bar c$ pair produced in the very
early satge of a quark-gluon plasma. The one-dimensional Langevin equation is
solved formally to get purely mechanical properties at small and large times.
Stochastically-averaged variances are examined to extract the time scales
associated with swelling and ionization of the bound state. Simple numerical
estimates of the time scales are compared with other mechanisms of $J/\psi$
suppression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125130 </DOCNO>
Detection of a multi-phase ISM at $z=0.2212$


  We present sensitive Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and
high-resolution Arecibo HI 21-cm observations of the damped Lyman-$\alpha$
absorber (DLA) at $z=0.2212$ towards OI 363. The spectra are in excellent
agreement and yield a spin temperature $T_s = 890 \pm 160$ K, far higher than
$T_s$ values measured in local spirals, but similar to values obtained in the
majority of DLAs ($T_s \ga 1000$ K).
  The high velocity resolution of the Arecibo spectra enables us to obtain
estimates of physical conditions in the absorbing clouds by fitting multiple
Gaussians to the absorption profile. The spectra are well fit by a
three-component model with two narrow and one wide components, with
temperatures ${T_{k_1}} = 308 \pm 24$ K, ${T_{k_2}} = 180 \pm 30$ K and
${T_{k_3}} = 7600 \pm 1250$ K, respectively. The last of these is in excellent
agreement with the expected temperatures for the WNM ($5000 - 8000$ K). The
mere fact that components are seen with lower temperatures than the estimated
$T_s$ implies that the absorber must have a multi-phase medium.
  We use the measured 21-cm optical depth and the above estimates of the
kinetic temperature to obtain the HI column density in the various components.
The total column density in the narrow components is found to be $\NHI (CNM)
\le 1.9 \pm 0.25 \times 10^{20}$~\cm, while that in the wide component is $\NHI
(WNM) \ge 1.26 \pm 0.49 \times 10^{21}$~\cm. Thus, the WNM contains at least
75~% of the total HI in the $z = 0.2212$ DLA, unlike our Galaxy, in which the
CNM and WNM have equitable contributions; this accounts for the difference in
the spin temperatures of the $z = 0.2212$ system and local spirals, suggesting
that the DLA is probably a dwarf or LSB type galaxy (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128999 </DOCNO>
On the Origin of Cosmic Rays


  The problem in identifying the sites of origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays (CRs)
is reviewed. Recent observational evidence from very-high energy (VHE, energies
above 100 GeV) gamma-ray measurements is in contradiction with the surmise that
synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons is indicative for hadron
acceleration. It rather points to a CR-acceleration efficiency of supernova
remnants (SNRs) below one percent, much less than the value required if these
objects were to be the main sources of Galactic cosmic rays (about 30%).
Observations of CR anisotropy and the emission of low-energy (energy < 10 GeV)
gamma-rays from the Galactic disk indicate that the sources of low-energy
cosmic rays are distributed with a Galactocentric radial scale length in the
order of 25 +- 10 kpc, much larger than expected if SNRs are the main sources
of CRs. These two facts - together with the body of evidence from CR isotope
abundances - strongly suggest that a new class of astrophysical objects -
distinct from SNRs and located manly in the outer reaches of our Galaxy - is
the major source of hadronic CRs in our Galaxy. The basic observational
features of ultra high-energy (UHE, energy > 10^{19} eV) CRs are most naturally
understood if the same CR sources accelerate CRs up to the highest observed CR
energies. Proposals for the nature of a new source class are mentioned. The
origin of CRs is still as much shrouded in mystery as it was in 1957, when
Philip Morrison wrote a seminal review about CR origin. The potential for
discoveries is thus great.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128703 </DOCNO>
Formation of Planetary Nebula Lobes by Jets


  I conduct an analytical study of the interaction of jets, or a collimated
fast wind (CFW), with a previously blown asymptotic giant branch (AGB) slow
wind. Such jets (or CFWs) are supposedly formed when a compact companion, a
main sequence star or a white dwarf, accretes mass from the AGB star, forms an
accretion disk, and blows two jets. This type of flow, which is thought to
shape bipolar planetary nebulae (PNe), requires 3-dimensional gas dynamical
simulations, which are limited in the parameter space they can cover. By
imposing several simplifying assumptions, I derive simple expressions which
reproduce some basic properties of lobes in bipolar PNe, and which can be used
to guide future numerical simulations. I quantitatively apply the results to
two proto-PNe. I show that the jet interaction with the slow wind can form
lobes which are narrow close to, and far away from, the central binary system,
and which are wider somewhere in between. Jets that are recollimated and have
constant cross section can form cylindrical lobes with constant diameter, as
observed in several bipolar PNe. Close to their source, jets blown by main
sequence companions are radiative; only further out they become adiabatic,
i.e., they form high-temperature low-density bubbles that inflate the lobes.
This implies that radiative cooling must be incorporated in numerical codes
intended to study the formation of lobes in PNe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96875 </DOCNO>
Super-diffusivity in a shear flow model from perpetual homogenization


  This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior solutions of stochastic
differential equations $dy_t=d\omega_t -\nabla \Gamma(y_t) dt$, $y_0=0$ and
$d=2$. $\Gamma$ is a $2\times 2$ skew-symmetric matrix associated to a shear
flow characterized by an infinite number of spatial scales
$\Gamma_{12}=-\Gamma_{21}=h(x_1)$, with $h(x_1)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty \gamma_n
h^n(x_1/R_n)$ where $h^n$ are smooth functions of period 1, $h^n(0)=0$,
$\gamma_n$ and $R_n$ grow exponentially fast with $n$. We can show that $y_t$
has an anomalous fast behavior ($\E[|y_t|^2]\sim t^{1+\nu}$ with $\nu>0$) and
obtain quantitative estimates on the anomaly using and developing the tools of
homogenization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4522 </DOCNO>
Charge and spin ordering, and charge transport properties in a


  We study a two-dimensional t-J model close to the Ising limit in which charge
inhomogeneity is stabilized by an on-site potential e_s, by using
diagonalization in a restricted Hilbert space and finite temperature Quantum
Monte Carlo. Both site and bond centered stripes are considered and their
similitudes and differences are analyzed. The amplitude of charge inhomogeneity
is studied as e_s -> 0. Moreover, we show that the anti-phase domain ordering
occurs at a much lower temperature than the formation of charge inhomogeneities
and charge localization. Hole-hole correlations indicate a metallic behavior of
the stripes with no signs of hole attraction. Kinetic energies and current
susceptibilities are computed and indications of charge localization are
discussed. The study of the doping dependence in the range 0.083 < x < 0.167
suggests that these features are characteristic of the whole underdoped region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76679 </DOCNO>
Mass Effects On The Nucleon Sea Structure Functions


  Nucleon sea structure functions are studied using
Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) equations with the massive
gluon-quark splitting kernels for strange and charm quarks, the massless
gluon-quark splitting kernels for up and down quarks, and the massless kernels
for all other splitting parts. The $SU(2)_f$ flavor symmetry for two light
quarks, `up' and `down', is assumed. Gl\"uck-Reya-Vogt(GRV) and
Martin-Roberts-Stirling(MRS) sets are chosen to be the base structure functions
at $Q_0^2=3$GeV$^2$. We evolve the sea structure functions from $Q_0^2=3$
GeV$^2$ to $Q^2=50$ GeV$^2$ using the base structure function sets and DGLAP
equations. Some (about 10%) enhancement is found in the strange quark
distribution functions at low $x(<0.1)$ in leading order of the DGLAP equations
compared to results direclty from those structure function sets at the the
value of $Q^2=50$ GeV$^2$. We provide the value of $\kappa$ and also show the
behavior of $\kappa(x)=2s(x)/(\bar u(x) + \bar d(x))$ after the evolution of
structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3168 </DOCNO>
Phase separation frustrated by the long range Coulomb interaction II:


  The theory of first order density-driven phase transitions with frustration
due to the long range Coulomb (LRC) interaction develop on paper I of this
series is applied to the following physical systems: i) the low density
electron gas ii) electronic phase separation in the low density three
dimensional $t-J$ model iii) in the manganites near the charge ordered phase.
We work in the approximation that the density within each phase is uniform and
we assume that the system separates in spherical drops of one phase hosted by
the other phase with the distance between drops and the drop radius much larger
than the interparticle distance. For i) we study a well known apparent
instability related to a negative compressibility at low densities. We show
that this does not lead to macroscopic drop formation as one could expect
naively and the system is stable from this point of view. For ii) we find that
the LRC interaction significantly modifies the phase diagram favoring uniform
phases and mixed states of antiferromagnetic (AF) regions surrounded by
metallic regions over AF regions surrounded by empty space. For iii) we show
that the dependence of local densities of the phases on the overall density
found in paper I gives a non-monotonous behavior of the Curie temperature on
doping in agreement with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5740 </DOCNO>
Entropic Tightening of Vibrated Chains


  We investigate experimentally the distribution of configurations of a ring
with an elementary topological constraint, a ``figure-8'' twist. Using vibrated
granular chains, which permit controlled preparation and direct observation of
such a constraint, we show that configurations where one of the loops is tight
and the second is large are strongly preferred. This agrees with recent
predictions for equilibrium properties of topologically-constrained polymers.
However, the dynamics of the tightening process weakly violate detailed
balance, a signature of the nonequilibrium nature of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95686 </DOCNO>
Cech, Dolbeault and de Rham cohomologies in Chern-Simons and BF theories


  Topological Chern-Simons (CS) and BF theories and their holomorphic analogues
are discussed in terms of de Rham and Dolbeault cohomologies. We show that Cech
cohomology provides another useful description of the above topological and
holomorphic field theories. In particular, all hidden (nonlocal) symmetries of
non-Abelian CS and BF theories can be most clearly seen in the Cech approach.
We consider multidimensional Manin-Ward integrable systems and describe their
connections with holomorphic BF theories. Dressing symmetries of these generic
integrable systems are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126990 </DOCNO>
Correlation of the magnetic field and the intra-cluster gas density in


  We present a correlation between X-ray surface brightness and Faraday
rotation measure in galaxy clusters, both, from radio and X-ray observations as
well as from modeling of the intra-cluster medium. The observed correlation
rules out a magnetic field of constant strength throughout the cluster.
Cosmological, magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy clusters are used to
show that for a magnetic field of cosmic origin this correlation is expected
and excellently reproduces the observations showing that the RMS scatter of the
Faraday rotation increases linearly with the X-ray surface brightness. From the
correlation between the observable quantities, rotation measure and X-ray
surface brightness, we infer a relation between the physical quantities:
magnetic field and gas density. For the best available observations, those of
A119, we find $B \propto n_e^{0.9}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125762 </DOCNO>
Topics in Basic Maser Theory


  This review covers some of the developments in basic theory of astronomical
masers over the past ten years. Topics included are the effects of three
dimensional geometry and polarization, with special emphasis on the differences
between maser and non-maser radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128261 </DOCNO>
UVES spectra of young brown dwarfs in Cha I: radial and rotational


  Based on high-resolution UVES spectra we found that the radial velocity (RV)
dispersion of nine of twelve known young bona fide and candidate brown dwarfs
in the Cha I dark cloud is 2.0 km/s, i.e. significantly smaller than the RV
dispersion of T Tauri stars in Cha I (3.6 km/s) and only slightly larger than
the dispersion of the surrounding molecular gas (1.2 km/s) (Mizuno et al.
1999). This result indicates that the majority of these brown dwarfs are not
ejected with high velocity out of a dense region as proposed by some formation
scenarios for brown dwarfs. The mean RV values are consistent with the objects
being kinematic members of Cha I. The RV dispersion of the T Tauri stars
confined to the Cha I region is based on a compilation of T Tauri stars with
known RVs from the literature plus three T Tauri stars observed with UVES and
unpublished RVs for nine T Tauri stars. Time-resolved spectroscopy revealed RV
variations for five out of nine of the bona fide and candidate brown dwarfs in
Cha I, which could be due to orbiting planets or surface features. Furthermore
we derived rotational velocities vsin(i) and the Lithium 6708 \AA equivalent
width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1390 </DOCNO>
False EUR exchange rates vs. DKK, CHF, JPY and USD. What is a strong


  The Euro (EUR) has been a currency introduced by the European Community on
Jan. 01, 1999. This implies eleven countries of the European Union which have
been found to meet the five requirements of the Maastricht convergence
criteria. In order to test EUR behavior and understand various features, we
have extrapolated the EUR backwards and therefore have obtained a {\it false
euro} (FEUR) dating back to 1993. We have derived the exchange rates of the
FEUR with respect to several currencies of interest not belonging to the EUR,
i.e., Danish Kroner (DKK), Swiss Franc (CHF), Japanese Yen (JPY) and U.S.
Dollar (USD). We have first observed the distribution of fluctuations of the
exchange rates. Within the {\it Detrended Fluctuation Analysis} (DFA)
statistical method, we have calculated the power law behavior describing the
root-mean-square deviation of these exchange rate fluctuations as a function of
time, displaying in particular the JPY exchange rate case. In order to estimate
the role of each currency making the EUR and therefore in view of identifying
whether some of them mostly influences its behavior, we have compared the
time-dependent exponent of the exchange rate fluctuations for EUR with that for
the currencies that form the EUR. We have found that the German Mark (DEM) has
been leading the fluctuations of EUR/JPY exchange rates, and Portuguese Escudo
(PTE) is the farthest away currency from this point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73272 </DOCNO>
Exploring New Physics in the $B\to \phi K$ System


  Employing the SU(2) isospin symmetry of strong interactions and estimates
borrowed from effective field theory, we explore the impact of new physics on
the decays $B^\pm\to \phi K^\pm$ and $B_d\to \phi K_S$ in a model-independent
manner. To this end, we introduce - in addition to the usual mixing-induced CP
asymmetry in $B_d\to \phi K_S$ - a set of three observables, which may not only
provide smoking-gun signals for new-physics contributions to different isospin
channels, but also valuable insights into hadron dynamics. Imposing dynamical
hierarchies of amplitudes, we discuss various patterns of these observables,
including also scenarios with small and large rescattering processes. Whereas
the $B\to\phi K$ system provides, in general, a powerful tool to search for
indications of new physics, there is also an unfortunate case, where such
effects cannot be distinguished from those of the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 592 </DOCNO>
Energy and phase relaxation in non-equilibrium diffusive nano-wires with


  In recent experiments the non-equilibrium distribution function $f(E,U)$ in
diffusive Cu and Au quantum wires at a transport voltage $U$ shows scaling
behavior, $f(E,U)=f(E/eU)$, indicating a non-Fermi liquid interaction with {\it
non-vanishing} T=0 scattering rate. The two-channel Kondo (2CK) effect,
possibly produced by degenerate two-level systems, is known to exhibit such
behavior. Generalizing the auxiliary boson method to non-equilibrium, we
calculate $f(E,U)$ in the presence of 2CK impurities. We show that the 2CK
equations reproduce the scaling form $f(E/eU)$. For all measured samples the
theoretical, scaled distribution functions coincide quantitatively with the
experimental results, the impurity concentration being the only adjustable
parameter. This provides a microscopic explanation for the experiments and,
considering that no other mechanism producing the scaling form is known to
date, lends strong evidence for the presence of degenerate two-level defects in
these systems. The relevance of these results for the problem of dephasing in
mesoscopic wires is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124742 </DOCNO>
Relativistic approach to positronium levels in a strong magnetic field


  We have investigated the bound states of an electron and positron in
superstrong magnetic fields typical for neutron stars. The complete
relativistic problem of positronium in a strong magnetic field has not been
succesfully solved up to now. In particular, we have studied the positronium
when it moves relativistically across the magnetic field. A number of problems
which deal with the pulsar magnetosphere, as well as the evolution of
protoneutron stars, could be considered as a field for application.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149296 </DOCNO>
Free fermionic higher spin fields in AdS(5)


  Totally symmetric massless fermionic fields of arbitrary spins in AdS(5) are
described as su(2,2) multispinors. The approach is based on the well-known
isomorfism o(4,2)=su(2,2). Explicitly gauge invariant higher spin free actions
are constructed and free field equations are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168355 </DOCNO>
Conditional generation of sub-Poissonian light from two-mode squeezed


  A simple scheme for conditional generation of nonclassical light with
sub-Poissonian photon-number statistics is proposed. The method utilizes
entanglement of signal and idler modes in two-mode squeezed vacuum state
generated in optical parametric amplifier. A quadrature component of the idler
mode is measured in balanced homodyne detector and only those experimental runs
where the absolute value of the measured quadrature is higher than certain
threshold are accepted. If the threshold is large enough then the conditional
output state of signal mode exhibits reduction of photon-number fluctuations
below the coherent-state level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126909 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of gravitational clustering II. Steepest-descent method for the


  We develop a non-perturbative method to derive the probability distribution
$P(\delta_R)$ of the density contrast within spherical cells in the
quasi-linear regime. Indeed, since this corresponds to a rare-event limit a
steepest-descent approximation can yield asymptotically exact results. We check
that this is the case for Gaussian initial density fluctuations, where we
recover most of the results obtained by perturbative methods from a
hydrodynamical description. Moreover, we correct an error which was introduced
in previous works for the high-density tail of the pdf. This feature, which
appears for power-spectra with a slope $n<0$, points out the limitations of
perturbative approaches which cannot describe the pdf $P(\delta_R)$ for
$\delta_R \ga 3$ even in the limit $\sigma \to 0$. This break-up does not
involve shell-crossing and it is naturally explained within our framework.
Thus, our approach provides a rigorous treatment of the quasi-linear regime,
which does not rely on the hydrodynamical approximation for the equations of
motion. Besides, it is actually simpler and more intuitive than previous
methods. Our approach can also be applied to non-Gaussian initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87107 </DOCNO>
On a description of Gravitational Interaction between moving objects in


  Analyzing two simple experimental situations we show that from Newton's law
of gravitation and Special Relativity it follows that the motion of particle in
an external gravitational field can be described in terms of effective spatial
fields which satisfy Maxwell-like system of equations and propagate with the
speed of light. The description is adequate in a linear approximation in
gravitational field and in a first order in v^2/c^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126205 </DOCNO>
Statistical properties of circumnuclear HII regions in nearby galaxies


  We analyze the statistical properties of the circumnuclear HII regions of a
sample of 52 nearby galaxies ($v < 1000km/s) from archival HST/NICMOS H-band
and Pa alpha (1.87micron) observations at unprecedented spatial resolutions of
between 1 and 30pc. We find HII regions in the central regions of most
galaxies, and more than a hundred in 8 galaxies. In contrast to disk HII
regions, the physical properties (luminosity and size) of individual
circumnuclear HII regions do not vary strongly with the morphological type of
the host galaxy, nor does the number of circumnuclear HII regions per unit
area. The H alpha luminosity within the central kpc, as derived from HII region
emission, is significantly enhanced in early-type (S0/a-Sb) galaxies. We find
evidence that bars increase the circumnuclear star formation, presumably by
funneling gas from the disk towards the nucleus. Barred galaxies exhibit
enhanced luminosities of the brightest HII region, the central kpc H alpha
luminosities (an effect mostly due to the early type galaxies in our sample),
and the star formation rates per unit stellar mass (which could also be
understood as the integral equivalent widths of Pa alpha) over the central kpc
with respect to non-barred galaxies.
  We fit the luminosity functions and diameter distributions of the
circumnuclear HII regions in 8 galaxies where we can catalog enough HII regions
to do so in a meaningful way. We use power laws and find that the fitted slopes
of the HII region LF are exactly in the previously found ranges, and even
confirm a trend with steeper slopes in galaxies of earlier morphological type.
This implies that the physical processes giving rise to enhanced star formation
in the circumnuclear regions of galaxies must be similar to those in disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169221 </DOCNO>
Surface impedance and the Casimir force


  The impedance boundary condition is used to calculate the Casimir force in
configurations of two parallel plates and a shpere (spherical lens) above a
plate at both zero and nonzero temperature. The impedance approach allows one
to find the Casimir force between the realistic test bodies regardless of the
electromagnetic fluctuations inside the media. Although this approach is an
approximate one, it has wider areas of application than the Lifshitz theory of
the Casimir force. The general formulas of the impedance approach to the theory
of the Casimir force are given and the formal substitution is found for
connecting it with the Lifshitz formula. The range of micrometer separations
between the test bodies which is interesting from the experimental point of
view is investigated in detail. It is shown that at zero temperature the
results obtained on the basis of the surface impedance method are in agreement
with those obtained in framework of the Lifshitz theory within a fraction of a
percent. The temperature correction to the Casimir force from the impedance
method coincides with that from the Lifshitz theory up to four significant
figures. The case of millimeter separations which corresponds to the normal
skin effect is also considered. At zero temperature the obtained results have
good agreement with the Lifshitz theory. At nonzero temperature the impedance
approach is not subject to the interpretation problems peculiar to the
zero-frequency term of the Lifshitz formula in dissipative media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98963 </DOCNO>
Dedekind cotangent sums


  Let a, a_1, ..., a_d be positive integers, m_1, ..., m_d nonnegative
integers, and z_1, ..., z_d complex numbers. We study expressions of the form
\[ \sum_{k \text{mod} a} \prod_{j=1}^d \cot^{(m_j)} \pi (\frac{k a_j}{a} + z_j
) . \] Here the sum is taken over all k mod a for which the summand is not
singular. These Dedekind cotangent sums generalize and unify various arithmetic
sums introduced by Dedekind, Rademacher, Apostol, Carlitz, Zagier, Berndt,
Meyer, Sczech, and Dieter. Generalized Dedekind sums appear in various areas
such as analytic and algebraic number theory, topology, algebraic and
combinatorial geometry, and algorithmic complexity. We prove reciprocity laws,
Petersson-Knopp identities, and computability statements for the Dedekind
cotangent sums.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128414 </DOCNO>
On the cosmological evolution of BL Lacs


  We study the cosmological evolution of BL Lac objects by applying the Ve/Va
analysis to a new sample of 55 objects presented for the first time in this
paper. This sample has been selected from the 239 sources with the brightest
X-ray flux (>4X10^-13 erg s^-1 cm^-2) and relatively bright optical counterpart
(B<20.5) among the ~1600 objects included in the REX survey. The uniform
distribution of the Ve/Va values found in the sample suggests that BL Lac
objects are not affected by a strong cosmological evolution in contrast with
the behavior observed in the emission line AGNs. The Ve/Va analysis applied to
the subsample of the High energy peaked BL Lacs (HBL) does not reveal a
significant departure from a uniform distribution. This result suggests either
that the cosmological evolution is less extreme than that previously found in
other samples or that it is carried out only by a minority of objects, namely
by the most extreme HBLs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81060 </DOCNO>
Color confinement and dual superconductivity of the vacuum. III


  It is demonstrated that monopole condensation in the confined phase of SU(2)
and SU(3) gauge theories is independent of the specific Abelian projection used
to define the monopoles. Hence the dual excitations which condense in the
vacuum to produce confinement must have magnetic U(1) charge in all the Abelian
projections. Some physical implications of this result are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167982 </DOCNO>
High efficiency entangled photon pair collection in type II parametric


  We report on a method for optimizing the collection of entangled photon pairs
in type-II parametric fluorescence. With this technique, we detected 360000
polarization-entangled photon pairs per second in the near-IR region in
single-mode optical fibers. The entanglement of the photon pairs was verified
by measuring polarization correlations in different bases of at least 96%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74975 </DOCNO>
Gluons, quarks, and the transition from nonperturbative to perturbative


  Lattice-based investigations of two fundamental QCD quantities are described,
namely the gluon and quark propagators in Landau gauge. We have studied the
Landau gauge gluon propagator using a variety of lattices with spacings from a
= 0.17 to 0.41 fm. We demonstrate that it is possible to obtain scaling
behavior over a very wide range of momenta and lattice spacings and to explore
the infinite volume and continuum limits. These results confirm that the Landau
gauge gluon propagator is infrared finite. We study the Landau gauge quark
propagator in quenched QCD using two forms of the O(a)-improved propagator and
we find good agreement between these. The extracted value of the infrared quark
mass in the chiral limit is found to be 300 +/- 30 MeV. We conclude that the
momentum regime where the transition from nonperturbative to perturbative QCD
occurs is Q^2 approx 4GeV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124666 </DOCNO>
Surface Emission Properties of Strongly Magnetic Neutron Stars


  We construct radiative equilibrium models for strongly magnetized (B > 10^13
G) neutron-star atmospheres taking into account magnetic free-free absorption
and scattering processes computed for two polarization modes. We include the
effects of vacuum polarization in our calculations. We present temperature
profiles and the angle-, photon energy-, and polarization-dependent emerging
intensity for a range of magnetic field strengths and effective temperatures of
the atmospheres. We find that for B < 10^14 G, the emerging spectra are bluer
than the blackbody corresponding to the effective temperature, T_eff, with
modified Planckian shapes due to the photon-energy dependence of the magnetic
opacities. However, vacuum polarization significantly modifies the spectra for
B~10^15 G, giving rise to power-law tails at high photon energies. The
angle-dependence (beaming) of the emerging intensity has two maxima: a narrow
(pencil) peak at small angles (<5 degrees) with respect to the normal and a
broad maximum (fan beam) at intermediate angles (~20-60 degrees). The relative
importance and the opening angle of the radial beam decreases strongly with
increasing magnetic field strength and decreasing photon energy. We finally
compute a T_eff-T_c relation for our models, where T_c is the local color
temperature of the spectrum emerging from the neutron star surface, and find
that T_c/T_eff ranges between 1.1-1.8. We discuss the implications of our
results for various thermally emitting neutron star models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125244 </DOCNO>
CMB Power Spectrum Estimation via Hierarchical Decomposition


  We have developed a fast, accurate and generally applicable method for
inferring the power spectrum and its uncertainties from maps of the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) in the presence of inhomogeneous and correlated
noise. For maps with 10 to 100 thousand pixels, we apply an exact power
spectrum estimation algorithm to submaps of the data at various resolutions,
and then combine the results in an optimal manner. To analyze larger maps
efficiently one must resort to sub-optimal combinations in which cross-map
power spectrum error correlations are only calculated approximately. We expect
such approximations to work well in general, and in particular for the
megapixel maps to come from the next generation of satellite missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127171 </DOCNO>
Brightest Cluster Galaxies and the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey


  We present our study of the evolution of brightest cluster galaxies based on
data from the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey (Gonzalez et al. 2001) and
HST optical and IR imaging. We briefly discuss the technique that enabled us to
use short (~ 3 min) exposures and a small (1m) telescope to efficiently survey
about 130 sq. deg. of sky for high-z galaxy clusters. Follow-up imaging is used
to construct a sample of several tens of BCGs at 0.3 < z < 0.9 with which to
explore their evolution. In particular, we examine the luminosity and color
evolution of these galaxies. We confirm the previous results that 1) BCGs in
different environments evolve differently (eg. Burke et al 2000), 2) BCGs,
particularly those in low-mass clusters, must be accreting significantly since
z ~ 1 (Aragon-Salamanca et al. 1998). From measurments of the colors vs.
redshift, we conclude that this accretion must consist of old stellar
populations. Using HST NICMOS and WFPC2 images, we find preliminary evidence
for evolution in the sizes of BCGs that is consistent with the accretion model
presented in standard hierarchical models (Aragon-Salamanca et al. 1998), but
puzzling differences between NICMOS and WFPC2 scale lengths precludes a
definitive conclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7459 </DOCNO>
Resonance Superfluidity: Renormalization of Resonance Scattering Theory


  We derive a theory of superfluidity for a dilute Fermi gas that is valid when
scattering resonances are present. The treatment of a resonance in many-body
atomic physics requires a novel mean-field approach starting from an
unconventional microscopic Hamiltonian. The mean-field equations incorporate
the microscopic scattering physics, and the solutions to these equations
reproduce the energy-dependent scattering properties. This theory describes the
high-$T_c$ behavior of the system, and predicts a value of $T_c$ which is a
significant fraction of the Fermi temperature. It is shown that this novel
mean-field approach does not break down for typical experimental circumstances,
even at detunings close to resonance. As an example of the application of our
theory we investigate the feasibility for achieving superfluidity in an
ultracold gas of fermionic $^6$Li.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124877 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic Hadronic Little Black Hole Interactions


  Although the extraordinary weakness of gravity makes it by far the weakest of
the interactions, viewing little black holes (LBH) as a class of elementary
particles puts them in a league with hadrons as strongly interacting particles.
They interact strongly both in the subatomic and macroscopic realms. An
enormous universal gravitational attractive force ~ 10^43 /B 2 Newtons acts
between identical black holes for any mass M >> M Planck at a center-to-center
separation of 2 BR H (B > 1). For M ~ M Planck, there is a comparably large
repulsive force. The Hawking model of LBH radiation permits a luminosity from a
single LBH comparable to that of the entire universe, whereas this luminosity
is greatly attenuated in the Rabinowitz model. In interacting with each other,
and with large macroscopic bodies such as stars, neutron stars, and planets,
LBH can exhibit strong interactions with large-scale manifestations. Although
previously dismissed, an LBH is a potential candidate in accounting for the
1908 devastation of Tungus Siberia, since important LBH interactions were
overlooked. LBH passing through neutron star pulsars are capable of causing a
sudden change in frequency which may not be fully accounted for by other
theories. The existence of black holes is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5412 </DOCNO>
Metastabilities across disorder-broadened first-order transitions


  We discuss first-order phase transitions that are broadened by disorder, but
still remain first order on the local mesoscopic level. Using vortex-matter as
our paradigm, we argue that phase transitions in general can be broadened by
two different causes viz. due to a distribution of the phase transition point
(field or temperature) from one region of the sample to another, or due to a
distribution in the local magnetic field experienced by different regions of
the sample. We show that in the second case there is an apparent "extrinsic"
hysteresis even if the transition is locally second-order. We show that bulk
measurements under isothermal conditions can be used to infer whether the
broadened transition is first-order at the local (mesoscopic) level.
  Keywords: vortex-matter, phase transitions, hysteresis

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81276 </DOCNO>
Improved Hamiltonian Lattice Gauge Theory


  We derive an improved lattice Hamiltonian for pure gauge theory, coupling
arbitrarily distant links in the kinetic term. The level of improvement
achieved is examined in variational calculations of the SU(2) specific heat in
2+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85958 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory of Spin Networks


  We study the transition amplitudes in state-sum models of quantum gravity in
D=2,3,4 spacetime dimensions by using the field theory over a Lie group
formulation. By promoting the group theory Fourier modes into creation and
annihilation operators we construct a Fock space for the quantum field theory
whose Feynman diagrams give the transition amplitudes. By making products of
the Fourier modes we construct operators and states representing the spin
networks associated to triangulations of spatial boundaries of a triangulated
spacetime manifold. The corresponding spin network amplitudes give the
state-sum amplitudes for triangulated manifolds with boundaries. We also show
that one can introduce a discrete time evolution operator, where the time is
given by the number of D-simplices in the triangulation, or equivalently by the
number of the vertices in the Feynman diagram. The corresponding transition
amplitude is a finite sum of Feynman diagrams, and in this way one avoids the
problem of infinite amplitudes caused by summing over all possible
triangulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86284 </DOCNO>
Backscattering of electromagnetic and gravitational waves off


  Major changes in Sec. II (with much stronger estimates), minor changes in
remaining sections, a new title. Deleted Appendix, added 2 new references.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125519 </DOCNO>
The Long-Period Orbit of the Dwarf Nova V630 Cassiopaeia


  We present extensive spectroscopy and photometry of the dwarf nova V630
Cassiopeiae. A late-type (K4-5) absorption spectrum is easily detectable, from
which we derive the orbital parameters. We find a spectroscopic period of
P=2.56387 +/- (4 times 10^{-5}) days and a semiamplitude of K_2=132.9 +/- 4.0
km/s. The resulting mass function, which is a firm lower limit on the mass of
the white dwarf, is then f(M)=0.624 +/- 0.056 solar masses. The secondary star
is a ``stripped giant'', and using relations between the core mass and the
luminosity and the core mass and the radius we derive a lower limit of M_2 >
0.165 solar masses for the secondary star. The rotational velocity of the
secondary star is not resolved in our spectra and we place a limit of
V_rot*sin(i) < 40 km/s. The long-term light curve shows variations of up to 0.4
mag on short (1-5 days) time scales, and variations of 0.2-0.4 mag on longer
(3-9 months) time scales. In spite of these variations, the ellipsoidal light
curve of the secondary star is easily seen when the data are folded on the
spectroscopic ephemeris. Ellipsoidal models fit to the mean light curve give an
inclination in the range 66.96 < i < 78.08 degrees (90 per cent confidence).
This inclination range, and the requirement that M_2 > 0.165 solar masses and
V_rot*sin(i) < 40 km/s yields a white dwarf mass of M_1=0.977^{+0.168}_{-0.098}
solar masses and a secondary star mass of M_2=0.172^{+0.029}_{-0.012} solar
masses (90 per cent confidence limits). Our findings confirm the suggestion of
Warner (1994), namely that V630 Cas is rare example of a dwarf nova with a long
orbital period.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81494 </DOCNO>
Numerical simulation of high quark densities in QCD with two colours


  The DESY-Swansea Collaboration performed numerical simulations investigating
SU(2) lattice gauge theory at non-zero chemical potential with one staggered
quark flavour in the adjoint representation. This lattice model has similar
features to QCD itself and its study gives interesting insights into some open
problems of high density quark matter. In particular the role of the ``sign
problem'' can be clarified in connection with diquark condensation and the
phase diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126285 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Circumstellar Disks: Lessons from the VLT and ISO


  There is strong evidence that the planets in the solar system evolved from a
disk-shaped solar nebula ~4.56 Gyr ago. By studying young stars in various
evolutionary stages, one aims at tracing back the early history of the solar
system, in particular the timescales for disk dissipation and for the formation
of planetary systems. We used the VLT & ISAAC, and ESA's Infrared Space
Observatory & ISOCAM to study the circumstellar environment of young low-mass
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40821 </DOCNO>
Preliminary results of the Standard Model Higgs Boson search at LEP in


  A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson is performed using the data
collected by the four LEP experiments at center-of-mass energies between 202
GeV and 209 GeV. An average luminosity of 140 $pb^{-1}$ per experiment has been
analyzed. A 2.6 $\sigma$ excess is observed in the LEP-wide combination for a
Higgs boson mass hypothesis of around 114 GeV. All results are preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76266 </DOCNO>
Analysis of pion electromagnetic form factor by the dispersion relation


  The pion electromagnetic form factor is investigated by using the dispersion
relation with the superconvergence condition, which was proposed to synthesize
the vector meson dominance model and QCD. The absorptive part is given as an
addition of the resonance and the QCD terms, the latter being parametrized so
as to realize the prediction of perturbative QCD. The experimental data are
analyzed and the parameters for the QCD part, the resonance part as well, are
determined. Existing experiments for the form factor are reproduced very well
both for the space-like and time-like momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3883 </DOCNO>
Orbital effect of a magnetic field on the low temperature state in the


  The effect of pressure on the B--T phase diagram of
$\alpha$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$KHg(SCN)$_4$ is studied. The measured phase lines can be
well described by a recent model of a charge-density wave system with varying
nesting conditions. A remarkable increase of the transition temperature with
magnetic field is found in a certain pressure and field range. We associate
this result with a dramatic enhancement of the orbital effect of magnetic field
due to a deterioration of the nesting conditions by pressure. Furthermore, we
present data which can be interpreted as a first sign of field-induced
charge-density waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3116 </DOCNO>
Heterogeneous Interfacial Failure between Two Elastic Blocks


  We investigate numerically the failure process when two elastic media, one
hard and one soft that have been glued together thus forming a common
interface, are pulled apart. We present three main results: (1) The area
distribution of simultaneously failing glue (bursts) follows a power law
consistent with the theoretically expected exponent 2.5, (2) the maximum load
and displacement before catastrophic failure scale as L^2 and L^0 respectively,
where L is the linear size of the system, and (3) the area distribution of
failed glue regions (clusters) is a power law with exponent -1.6 when the
system fails catstrophically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126393 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations of the supernova remnant G21.5-0.9


  We present the analysis of archival X-ray observations of the supernova
remnant (SNR) G21.5-0.9. Based on its morphology and spectral properties,
G21.5-0.9 has been classified as a Crab-like SNR. In their early analysis of
the CHANDRA calibration data, Slane et al. (2000) discovered a
low-surface-brightness, extended emission. They interpreted this component as
the blast wave formed in the supernova (SN) explosion. In this paper, we
present the CHANDRA analysis using a total exposure of ~150 ksec. We also
include ROSAT and ASCA observations. Our analysis indicates that the extended
emission is non-thermal -- a result in agreement with XMM observations. The
entire remnant of radius ~ 2'.5 is best fitted with a power law model with a
photon index steepening away from the center. The total unabsorbed flux in the
0.5-10 keV is 1.1E-10 erg/cm2/s with an 85% contribution from the 40" radius
inner core. Timing analysis of the High-Resolution Camera (HRC) data failed to
detect any pulsations. We put a 16% upper limit on the pulsed fraction. We
derive the physical parameters of the putative pulsar and compare them with
those of other plerions (such as the Crab and 3C 58). G21.5-0.9 remains the
only plerion whose size in X-rays is bigger than in the radio. Deep radio
observations will address this puzzle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128478 </DOCNO>
Exploiting magnification bias in ultradeep submillimetre-wave surveys


  The surface density of populations of galaxies with steep/shallow source
counts is increased/decreased by gravitational lensing magnification. These
effects are usually called `magnification bias' and `depletion' respectively.
However, if sources are demagnified by lensing, then the situation is reversed,
and the detectable surface density of galaxies with a shallow source count, as
expected at the faintest flux densities, is increased. In general, demagnified
sources are difficult to detect and study: exquisite subarcsecond angular
resolution and surface brightness sensitivity are required, and emission from
the lensing object must not dominate the image. These unusual conditions are
expected to be satisfied for observations of the dense swarm of demagnified
images that could form very close to the line of sight through the centre of a
rich cluster of galaxies using the forthcoming submillimetre-wave Atacama Large
Millimeter Array (ALMA) interferometer. The demagnified images of most of the
background galaes lying within about 1 arcmin of a rich cluster of galaxies
could be detected in a single 18-arcsec-diameter ALMA field centred on the
cluster core, providing an effective increase in the ALMA field of view. This
technique could allow a representative sample of faint, 10-100 microJy
submillimetre galaxies to be detected several times more rapidly than in a
blank field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126321 </DOCNO>
An Empirical Ultraviolet Iron Spectrum Template Applicable to Active


  Iron emission is often a severe contaminant in optical-ultraviolet spectra of
active galaxies. Its presence complicates emission line studies. A viable
solution, already successfully applied at optical wavelengths, is to use an
empirical iron emission template. We have generated FeII and FeIII templates
for ultraviolet active galaxy spectra based on HST archival 1100 - 3100 A
spectra of IZw1. Their application allows fitting and subtraction of the iron
emission in active galaxy spectra. This work has shown that in particular CIII]
lambda 1909 can be heavily contaminated by other line emission, including iron
transitions. Details of the data processing, generation, and use of the
templates, are given by Vestergaard & Wilkes (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5954 </DOCNO>
Electrical transport through single-molecule junctions: from molecular


  We present an atomistic theory of electronic transport through single organic
molecules that reproduces the important features of the current-voltage
characteristics observed in recent experiments. We trace these features to
their origin in the electronic structure of the molecules and their local
atomic environment. We demonstrate how conduction channels arise from the
molecular orbitals and elucidate which specific properties of the individual
orbitals determine their contribution to the current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96019 </DOCNO>
Non Existence of complex Structures on filiform Lie Algebras


  In this work we prove that doesnot exist complex structures on filiform
nilpotent t Lie algebras. We complete also the classification of 4-dimensional
real solvable Lie algebras which are provided with a complex structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168986 </DOCNO>
Submicroscopic Deterministic Quantum Mechanics


  So-called hidden variables introduced in quantum mechanics by de Broglie and
Bohm have changed their initial enigmatic meanings and acquired quite
reasonable outlines of real and measurable characteristics. The start viewpoint
was the following: All the phenomena, which we observe in the quantum world,
should reflect structural properties of the real space. Thus the scale 10^{-28}
cm at which three fundamental interactions (electromagnetic, weak, and strong)
intersect has been treated as the size of a building block of the space. The
appearance of a massive particle is associated with a local deformation of the
cellular space, i.e. deformation of a cell. The mechanics of a moving particle
that has been constructed is deterministic by its nature and shows that the
particle interacts with cells of the space creating elementary excitations
called "inertons". The further study has disclosed that inertons are a
substructure of the matter waves which are described by the orthodox wave
\psi-function formalism. The concept has allowed resolving the spin problem.
The theory, or more exactly, the existence of inertons, has been verified
experimentally: in rarefied gases, inerton clouds of atoms' electrons interact
with a strong laser pulse; in a solid, atom's inertons induce an additional
harmonic potential that contributes to the interatomic interaction (metal
specimens and the KIO_3*HIO_3 crystal).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125268 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a 75 day orbit in XTE J1543-568


  Dedicated monitoring of the transient X-ray pulsar XTE J1543-568 during the
first year after its discovery has revealed the unambiguous detection of a
binary orbit. The orbital period is 75.56+/-0.25 d, and the projected
semi-major axis 353+/-8 lt-sec. The mass function and position in the pulse
period versus orbital period diagram are consistent with XTE J1543-568 being a
Be X-ray binary. The eccentricity of less than 0.03 (2 sigma) is among the
lowest for the 12 Be X-ray binaries whose orbits have now been measured. This
confirms the suspicion that small kick velocities of neutron stars during
supernovae are more common than expected. The distance is estimated to be
larger than 10 kpc, and the luminosity at least 1E37 erg/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125810 </DOCNO>
The Energy Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  The distribution of the apparent total energy emitted by a gamma-ray burst
reflects not only the distribution of the energy actually released by the burst
engine, but also the distribution of beaming angles. Using the observed energy
fluences, the detection thresholds and burst redshifts for three burst samples,
I calculate the best-fit parameters for lognormal and power-law distributions
of the apparent total energy. Two of the samples include a small number of
bursts with spectroscopic redshifts, while the third sample has 220 bursts with
redshifts determined by the proposed variability-luminosity correlation. I find
different sets of parameter values for the three burst samples. The Bayesian
odds ratio cannot distinguish between the two model distribution functions for
the two smaller burst samples with spectroscopic redshifts, but does favor the
lognormal distribution for the larger sample with variability-derived
redshifts. The data do not rule out a distribution with a low energy tail which
is currently unobservable. I find that neglecting the burst detection threshold
biases the fitted distribution to be narrower with a higher average value than
the true distribution; this demonstrates the importance of determining and
reporting the effective detection threshold for bursts in a sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3640 </DOCNO>
On the dynamics of phase transitions and the nonequilibrium formation of


  We study the formation of topological defects in nonequilibrium phase
transitions of both classical and quantum field theory. We examine three model
systems. 1). The phase transition of a quantum scalar field in a FRW universe
is analyzed through a first-principles approach in which the dynamics of the
two-point function is derived from the two-loop, two-particle-irreducible
closed-time-path effective action. Identifying signatures of correlated domains
in the infrared portion of the momentum-space power spectrum we find that the
domain size scales as a power-law with the expansion rate of the universe. The
observed power-law scaling is in good agreement with the predictions of the
Kibble-Zurek mechanism of defect formation and provides evidence of the
freeze-out scenario in the context of nonequilibrium quantum field theory. 2).
The formation and interaction of topological textures is analyzed in the phase
transition of a classical O(3) scalar field theory in 2+1 dimensions. We
provide quantiive arguments that by the end of the transition the length scales
of the texture distribution result from a competition between the length scale
determined at freeze-out and the ordering dynamics of a textured system. 3). We
discuss a black hole phase transition in semiclassical gravity. We review the
thermodynamics of a black hole system and determine that the phase transition
is entropically driven. We introduce a quantum atomic model of the equilibrium
black hole system and show that the phase transition is realized as the abrupt
excitation of a high energy state. We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics
of the black hole phase transition and explore similar examples from the
Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in condensed matter to the Hagedorn transition
in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7585 </DOCNO>
Efficient method for simulating quantum electron dynamics under the time


  A numerical scheme for solving the time-evolution of wave functions under the
time dependent Kohn-Sham equation has been developed. Since the effective
Hamiltonian depends on the wave functions, the wave functions and the effective
Hamiltonian should evolve consistently with each other. For this purpose, a
self-consistent loop is required at every time-step for solving the
time-evolution numerically, which is computationally expensive. However, in
this paper, we develop a different approach expressing a formal solution of the
TD-KS equation, and prove that it is possible to solve the TD-KS equation
efficiently and accurately by means of a simple numerical scheme without the
use of any self-consistent loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149990 </DOCNO>
An algebraic approach to logarithmic conformal field theory


  A comprehensive introduction to logarithmic conformal field theory, using an
algebraic point of view, is given. A number of examples are explained in
detail, including the c=-2 triplet theory and the k=-4/3 affine su(2) theory.
We also give some brief introduction to the work of Zhu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127558 </DOCNO>
The discovery of the "21" micron and "30" micron emission features in


  We report the discovery of the "21" micron and "30" micron features in the
planetary nebulae around the hydrogen-deficient stars HD 826 and HD 158269. The
carriers of these features are known to be produced in outflows around
carbon-rich stars. This discovery demonstrates that the bulk of the dust in
these nebulae has been produced during a carbon-rich phase before the
atmospheres of these stars became hydrogen poor. This is the first time that
the "21" micron feature has been detected in any planetary nebula. It shows
that once formed its carrier can survive the formation of the nebula and the
exposure to the UV radiation of the hot central star. This means that the
carrier of "21" micron feature is not transient: the absence of the feature
sets limits on the production of its carrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81088 </DOCNO>
O(a) improved twisted mass lattice QCD


  Lattice QCD with Wilson quarks and a chirally twisted mass term (tmQCD) has
been introduced in refs. [1,2]. We here apply Symanzik's improvement programme
to this theory and list the counterterms which arise at first order in the
lattice spacing a. Based on the generalised transfer matrix, we define the
tmQCD Schrodinger functional and use it to derive renormalized on-shell
correlation functions. By studying their continuum approach in perturbation
theory we then determine the new O(a) counterterms of the action and of a few
quark bilinear operators to one-loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6906 </DOCNO>
To the problem of electron-phonon interaction and "d-wave pairing" in


  It is supported a recent proposal by Maksimov that electron-phonon
interaction (EPI) (Gruneisen-Bloch formulae) determines the linearity of
temperature dependence of resistivity for both HTSC-cuprates and most of metals
at T near above 0.2 of their characteristic Debye temperature (normal state for
HTSC). However, it is emphasized here that in this T-region the resistivity is
not proportional to T but is only linear in T. This fact indicates to
T-independent contribution to normal-state resistivity in HTSC-cuprates
(magnetic contribution, in our treatment) which behavior, in its turn,
indicates to possible magnetic (SDW-like) phase transition before SC transition
in HTSC-system. SDW-gap (measured as pseudogap with d-wave symmetry, in our
treatment) is formed at the symmetrical parts of the Fermi surface above Tc and
persists in SC state. The magnitude of SDW-gap is essentially larger than that
for SC-gap. So, SDW formed can mimic d-wave symmetry of the order parameter
measured below Tc (which is now attributed to d-wave pairing). On the other
hand, since the Gruneisen-Bloch curve appears to be (in approach used) a
geometric locus for the Tc(onset)(H) (as in LTSC) this fact evidents about
EPI-nature (BCS) of SC transition (s-wave) in high-Tc oxides. The proposal to
increase Tc using above (SDW/CDW/SC) model (and possible realization) is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127351 </DOCNO>
The effects of a comptonizing corona on the appearance of the reflection


  We discuss the effects of a comptonizing corona on the appearance of the
reflection components, and in particular of the reflection hump, in the X-rays
spectra of accreting black holes. Indeed, in the framework of a thermal corona
model, we expect that part (or even all, depending on the coronal covering
factor) of the reflection features should cross the hot plasma, and thus suffer
Compton scattering, before being observed. We have studied in detail the
dependence of these effects on the physical (i.e. temperature and optical
depth) and geometrical (i.e. inclination angle) parameters of the corona,
concentrating on the slab geometry . Due to the smoothing and shifting towards
high energies of the comptonized reflection hump, the main effects on the
emerging spectra appear above 100 keV. We have also investigated the importance
of such effects on the interpretation of the results obtained with the standard
fitting procedures. We found that fitting Comptonization models, taking into
account comptonized reflection, by the usual cut-off power law + uncomptonized
reflection model, may lead to an underestimation of the reflection
normalization and an overestimation of the high energy cut-off. We discuss and
illustrate the importance of these effects by analysing recent observational
results as those of the galaxy NGC 4258. We also find that the comptonizing
corona can produce and/or emphasize correlations between the reflection
features characteristics (like the iron line equivalent width or the covering
fraction) and the X-ray spectral index similar to those recently reported in
the literature. We also underline the importance of these effects when dealing
with accurate spectral fitting of the X-ray background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95999 </DOCNO>
Singular sets and parameters of generalized triangle orbifolds


  We study groups generated by three half-turns in Lobachevsky space and their
factor-orbifolds. This generalized triangle groups are directly connected with
the arbitrary 2-generator Kleinian groups. Our main result is a complete
description of the singular sets of the generalized triangle orbifolds. We also
give a method to obtain the parameters defining a generalized triangle group
from the structure of the singular set of its factor-orbifold and illustrate it
by examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114233 </DOCNO>
Ecosystems, from life, to the Earth, to the Galaxy


  Ecosystems are systems where energy flows and material cycles are maintained
in an apparently stable, but non-equilibrium state through a process of
self-regulation. Such a definition does just apply to biological systems, it
can also apply to systems that involve entirely physical processes. We discuss
how four systems, each operating on very different spatial and temporal scales,
each exhibit these features of an ecosystem. These are, in order of increasing
magnitude, the cell, the forest, the Earth and the Galaxy. In particular, we
discuss how the process of star formation across the spiral arms of galaxies
works as an ecosystem. The carbon abundance plays a crucial role in both the
self-regulation and the evolution of the system. We suggest that spiral
galaxies may be the first ecosystems to form in the Universe after the Big
Bang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1761 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic quantum tunneling of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates


  We show theoretically the existence of a metastable state and the possibility
of decay to the ground state through macroscopic quantum tunneling in
two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive interactions. Numerical
analysis of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations clarifies the metastable
states whose configuration preserves or breaks the symmetry of the trapping
potential, depending on the interspecies interaction and the particle number.
We calculate the tunneling decay rate of the metastable state by using the
collective coordinate method under the WKB approximation. Then the height of
the energy barrier is estimated by the saddle point solution. It is found that
macroscopic quantum tunneling is observable in a wide range of particle
numbers. Macroscopic quantum coherence between two distinct states is
discussed; this might give an additional coherent property of two-component
Bose condensed systems. Thermal effects on the decay rate are estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73685 </DOCNO>
QCD analysis of D-parameter in near-to-planar three-jet events


  We present the QCD analysis of D-parameter distribution in near-to-planar
3-jet e+e- annihilation events. We derive the all-order resummed perturbative
prediction and the leading power suppressed non-perturbative corrections both
to the mean value and the distribution. Here non-perturbative corrections are
larger than in 2-jet shape observables, so that higher order non-perturbative
effects could be relevant. Experimental data (not yet available) are needed in
order to cast light on this important point. The technique we develop aims at
improving the accuracy of the theoretical description of multi-jet ensembles,
in particular in hadron-hadron collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179755 </DOCNO>
Nonlocality of nucleon interaction and an anomalous off shell behavior


  The problem of the ultraviolet divergences that arise in describing the
nucleon dynamics at low energies is considered. By using the example of an
exactly solvable model it is shown that after renormalization the interaction
generating nucleon dynamics is nonlocal in time. Effects of such nonlocality on
low-energy nucleon dynamics are investigated. It is shown that nonlocality in
time of nucleon-nucleon interactions gives rise to an anomalous off-shell
behavior of the two-nucleon amplitudes that have significant effects on the
dynamics of many-nucleon systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95952 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic reduction of Poincare'-Dulac normal forms and Lie algebraic


  The Poincare'-Dulac normal form of a given resonant system is in general non
unique; given a specific normal form, one would like to further reduce it to a
simplest normal form. In this note we give an algorithm, based on the Lie
algebraic structure of the set of normal forms, to obtain this. The algorithm
can be applied under some condition, non generic but often met in applications;
when applicable, it only requires to solve linear equations, and is more
powerful than the one proposed in previous work by the same author [Lett. Math.
Phys. 42, 103-114; and Ann. I.H.P. 70, 461-514].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 20 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensation in Exotic Trapping Potentials


  We discuss thermal and dynamical properties of Bose condensates confined by
an external potential. First we analyze the Bose-Einstein transition
temperature for an ideal Bose gas in a generic power-law potential and
d-dimensional space. Then we investigate the effect of the shape of the
trapping potential on the properties of a weakly-interacting Bose condensate.
We show that using exotic trapping potentials the condensate can exhibit
interesting coherent quantum phenomena, like superfluidity and tunneling. In
particular, we consider toroidal and double-well potentials. The theoretical
results are compared with recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2090 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Evidence for Anisotropic S-Wave Pairing Symmetry in MgB2


  Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of superconducting MgB$_2$ ($T_c = 39$ K)
were studied on high-density pellets and c-axis oriented films. The sample
surfaces were chemically etched to remove surface carbonates and hydroxides,
and the data were compared with calculated spectra for all symmetry-allowed
pairing channels. The pairing potential ($\Delta_k$) is best described by an
anisotropic s-wave pairing model, with $\Delta_k = \Delta_{xy} \sin ^2 \theta_k
+ \Delta_z \cos ^2 \theta_k$, where $\theta_k$ is the angle relative to the
crystalline c-axis, $\Delta_z \sim 8.0$ meV, and $\Delta_{xy} \sim 5.0$ meV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41203 </DOCNO>
Multiple Jet Production at Low Transverse Energies in pbarp Collisions


  We present data on multiple jet production for transverse energies greater
than 20 GeV in pbarp collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. QCD calculations in the
parton shower approximation (PYTHIA) and in the next-to-leading order
approximation (JETRAD) show discrepancies with data for three and four-jet
production. This disagreement is especially apparent in multiple jet angular
and transverse momentum distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7141 </DOCNO>
A model for the size distribution of customer groups and businesses


  We present a generalization of the dynamical model of information
transmission and herd behavior proposed by Eguiluz and Zimmermann. A
characteristic size of group of agents $s_{0}$ is introduced. The fragmentation
and coagulation rates of groups of agents are assumed to depend on the size of
the group. We present results of numerical simulations and mean field analysis.
It is found that the size distribution of groups of agents $n_{s}$ exhibits two
distinct scaling behavior depending on $s \leq s_{0}$ or $s > s_{0}$. For $s
\leq s_{0}$, $n_{s} \sim s^{-(5/2 + \delta)}$, while for $s > s_{0}$, $n_{s}
\sim s^{-(5/2 -\delta)}$, where $\delta$ is a model parameter representing the
sensitivity of the fragmentation and coagulation rates to the size of the
group. Our model thus gives a tunable exponent for the size distribution
together with two scaling regimes separated by a characteristic size $s_{0}$.
Suitably interpreted, our model can be used to represent the formation of
groups of customers for certain products produced by manufacturers. This, in
turn, leads to a distribution in the size of businesses. The characteristic
size $s_{0}$, in this context, represents the size of a business for which the
customer group becomes too large to be kept happy but too small for the
business to become a brand name.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124438 </DOCNO>
Probing the Universe After Cosmological Recombination Through the Effect


  I show that neutral lithium couples strongly to the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) through its 6708A resonant transition after it recombines at
z~500. At observed wavelengths of <335 micron, the CMB anisotropies are
significantly altered since the optical depth for resonant scattering by
neutral lithium is substantial, of order 0.5. The scattering would suppress the
original anisotropies, but will generate strong new anisotropies in the CMB
temperature and polarization on sub-degree scales (l>100). Observations at
different wavelengths in this spectral regime can probe different thin slices
of the early universe. The anisotropy noise contributed by continuum radiation
from foreground far--infrared sources could be taken out by subtracting maps at
slightly different wavelengths. Detection of the above effects can be used to
study structure at z<500 and to constrain the primordial abundance and
recombination history of lithium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6871 </DOCNO>
Localization, Dirac Fermions and Onsager Universality


  Disordered systems exhibiting exponential localization are mapped to
anisotropic spin chains with localization length being related to the
anisotropy of the spin model. This relates localization phenomenon in fermions
to the rotational symmetry breaking in the critical spin chains. One of the
intriguing consequence is that the statement of Onsager universality in spin
chains implies universality of the localized fermions where the fluctuations in
localized wave functions are universal. We further show that the fluctuations
about localized nonrelativistic fermions describe relativistic fermions. This
provides a new approach to understand the absence of localization in disordered
Dirac fermions. We investigate how disorder affects well known universality of
the spin chains by examining the multifractal exponents. Finally, we examine
the effects of correlations on the localization characteristics of relativistic
fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149524 </DOCNO>
An Exact Elliptic Superpotential for N=1^* Deformations of Finite N=2


  We study relevant deformations of the N=2 superconformal theory on the
world-volume of N D3 branes at an A_{k-1} singularity. In particular, we
determine the vacuum structure of the mass-deformed theory with N=1
supersymmetry and show how the different vacua are permuted by an extended
duality symmetry. We then obtain exact, modular covariant formulae (for all k,
N and arbitrary gauge couplings) for the holomorphic observables in the massive
vacua in two different ways: by lifting to M-theory, and by compactification to
three dimensions and subsequent use of mirror symmetry. In the latter case, we
find an exact superpotential for the model which coincides with a certain
combination of the quadratic Hamiltonians of the spin generalization of the
elliptic Calogero-Moser integrable system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6103 </DOCNO>
An Alternative Definition of the Equivalent Noise Temperature of Two


  A hypothetical test resistor is connected in parallel to a two terminal
network. The temperature of the test resistor is tuned, until there is no net
flow of noise energy between the network and the resistor. It is shown that
this temperature is independent of the value of the resistor. It is therefore
suggested that this temperature may serve as an alternative definition of the
equivalent noise temperature of a two terminal network. Quite interestingly,
this equivalent noise temperature of an ideal pn diode equals the actual
temperatue of the diode. Furthermore, if this newly defined equivalent noise
temperature can be estimated for a given network by physical arguments, than
the noise of the network can be calculated provided its current voltage
dependence is known. As an example, the suppression of shot noise due to
recombination in the space charge region of a pn diode is estimated using this
procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74515 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Scattering in a Magnetic Field


  Motivated by the evidence for a finite neutrino mass we examine anew the
interaction of neutrinos in a magnetic field. We present the rate for radiative
scattering for both massless and massive neutrinos in the standard model and
give the corresponding numerical estimates. We also consider the effects
arising from a possible neutrino magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76246 </DOCNO>
Small quark stars in the chromodielectric model


  Equations of state for strange quark matter in beta equilibrium at high
densities are used to investigate the structure (mass and radius) of compact
objects. The chromodielectric model is used as a general framework for the
quark interactions, which are mediated by chiral mesons, $\sigma$ and $\vec
\pi$, and by a confining chiral singlet dynamical field, $\chi$. Using a
quartic potential for $\chi$, two equations of state for the same set of model
parameters are obtained, one with a minimum at around the nuclear matter
density $\rho_0$ and the other at $\rho \sim 5 \rho_0$. Using the latter
equation of state in the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations we found
solutions corresponding to compact objects with $R\sim 5 - 8$ km and $M\sim
M_\odot$. The phenomenology of recently discovered X-ray sources is compatible
with the type of quark stars that we have obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86517 </DOCNO>
H-Branes and Chiral Strings


  We add a simple boundary term to the Polyakov action and construct a new
class of D-branes with a single null direction. On the string world-sheet the
system is described by a single quantized left-mode sector of a conformal field
theory. By a Wick rotation of spacetime, we map open strings attached to these
branes into chiral closed strings. We suggest that these so-called H-branes
describe quantum horizons - black hole, cosmological (de-Sitter), etc. We show
how one can get a space/phase space transmutation near the horizon and discuss
the new features of boundary states which become squeezed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124342 </DOCNO>
Rapid Spindown of SGR 1900+14 Following Its Superburst


  SGR 1900+14 had a brief episode of exceedingly rapid spindown immediately
following its 1998 Aug. 27 superburst. On a timescale of hours, it increased
its period by a part in 10^4. The corresponding Pdot ~ 10^{-8} is orders of
magnitude higher than the typical quiescent rate of Pdot ~ 6x10^{-11}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148843 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Stability and Screening Effect from Extra Timelike


  We discuss extra timelike dimensions and their effects on the gravitational
stability of spherical massive bodies. Here we specifically report our results
for the case of one extra timelike dimension where we have made analytically
rigorous investigations on the tachyonic graviton exchange due to the infinite
tower of the Kaluza-Klein mode. With the scale $L$ of the extra timelike
dimension we find that some spherical bodies of radius $R$ can be stable at
critical radii $R=2\pi Lp$ for some positive integer $p$. We also obtain the
generic property of massive bodies that for the short distance range $0<R\leq
\pi L$ the gravitational force due to the ordinary massless graviton exchange
is screened by the Kaluza-Klein mode exchange of tachyonic gravitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97575 </DOCNO>
Elements of Linear and Real Analysis


  This is a kind of introduction to some basic topics in analysis, some of
which would be covered in standard graduate courses, and some not. However, an
important difference is that not much in the way of prerequisites are needed,
beyond linear algebra and beginning analysis. In particular, this should be
accessible to undergraduates or readers whose main focus is not necessarily
pure mathematics. One could easily accommodate Lebesgue integrals and so forth
if one wanted to, but they are not really needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125015 </DOCNO>
A Method for Determining the Star Formation History of a Mixed Stellar


  We present a method to determine the star formation history of a mixed
stellar population from its photometry. We perform a chi-squared minimization
between the observed photometric distribution and a model photometric
distribution, based on theoretical isochrones. The initial mass function,
distance modulus, interstellar reddening, binary fraction and photometric
errors are incorporated into the model, making it directly comparable to the
data. The model is a linear combination of individual synthetic color-magnitude
diagrams (CMDs), each of which represents the predicted photometric
distribution of a stellar population of a given age and metallicity. We present
extensive tests of the algorithm, using both simulated and actual photometric
data. From a preliminary application of the algorithm to a subregion of the
Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), we find that the that the lull in star formation
observed among the LMC's cluster population between 3 and 8 Gyr ago is also
present in the field population. The method was designed with flexibility and
generality in mind, and we make the code available for use by the astronomical
community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97659 </DOCNO>
Direct construction method for conservation laws of partial differential


  An effective algorithmic method is presented for finding the local
conservation laws for partial differential equations with any number of
independent and dependent variables. The method does not require the use or
existence of a variational principle and reduces the calculation of
conservation laws to solving a system of linear determining equations similar
to that for finding symmetries. An explicit construction formula is derived
which yields a conservation law for each solution of the determining system. In
the first of two papers (Part I), examples of nonlinear wave equations are used
to exhibit the method. Classification results for conservation laws of these
equations are obtained. In a second paper (Part II), a general treatment of the
method is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6444 </DOCNO>
Completeness of the Bethe ansatz for the six and eight-vertex models


  We discuss some of the difficulties that have been mentioned in the
literature in connection with the Bethe ansatz for the six-vertex model and XXZ
chain, and for the eight-vertex model. In particular we discuss the ``beyond
the equator'', infinite momenta and exact complete string problems. We show how
they can be overcome and conclude that the coordinate Bethe ansatz does indeed
give a complete set of states, as expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168796 </DOCNO>
Quantum Dense Coding Exploiting Bright EPR Beam


  Highly efficient quantum dense coding for continuous variables has been
experimentally accomplished by means of exploiting bright EPR beam with
anticorrelation of amplitude quadratures and correlation of phase quadratures,
which is generated from a nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier operating
in the state of deamplification. Two bits of classical information are encoded
on two quadratures of a half of bright EPR beam at the sender Alice and
transmitted to the receiver Bob via one qubit of the shared quantum state after
encoding. The amplitude and phase signals are simultaneously decoded with the
other half of EPR beam by the direct measurement of the Bell-state at Bob. The
signal to noise ratios of the simultaneously measured amplitude and phase
signals are improved 5.4dB and 4.8dB with respect to that of the shot noise
limit respectively. A high degree of immunity to unauthorized eavesdropping of
the presented quantum communication scheme is experimentally demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75240 </DOCNO>
Proton-Proton Total Cross-Sections from the Window of Cosmic Ray


  The importance of cosmic-ray experimental measurements of proton-proton total
cross sections to understand the underlying fundamental dynamics is discussed.
It is shown that early discovered global structure of proton-proton total cross
section [5,17] is completely compatible with the values obtained from
cosmic-ray experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97720 </DOCNO>
On graphical foliations and the global existence of Euler's multiplier


  We present an equivalent criterion for the global existence of Euler's
multiplier for an integrable one-form taking into account the corresponding
codim-1-foliation. In particular, the impact of inseparable leaves is
considered. Here, we suppose that the foliation can be reduced to a graph. The
properties of this graph are decisive for the global existence of Euler's
multiplier. As applications we investigate some special cases in which the
graph turns out to look very simple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124831 </DOCNO>
Neutron star envelopes and thermal radiation from the magnetic surface


  The thermal structure of neutron star envelopes is discussed with emphasis on
analytic results. Recent progress on the effect of chemical constitution and
high magnetic fields on the opacities and the thermal structure is further
reviewed in view of the application to pulsar cooling and magnetars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7229 </DOCNO>
The magnetic field dependence of the electronic specific heat of


  We have measured the electronic specific heat of
$Y_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ using a high-resolution differential
technique from liquid helium temperature to room temperature in an applied
magnetic field up to 13T. The field dependence of the electronic specific heat
at low temperatures in the superconducting state behaves differently in the
overdoped and underdoped regimes, varing as $\sqrt{H}$ in the overdoped regime
but as $H$ in the underdoped regime. An entropy loss is observed in the normal
state in optimal and underdoped samples, which can be attributed to the opening
of a normal state psuedogap. From the temperature and field dependences of the
free energy, the temperature dependence of the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ is
determined. For the overdoped sample ($x=0.79$), we find $H_{c2}$ to have a
negative curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96774 </DOCNO>
Solitons of the Self-dual Chern-Simons Theory on a Cylinder


  We study the self-dual Chern-Simons Higgs theory on an asymptotically flat
cylinder. A topological multivortex solution is constructed and the fast
decaying property of solutions is proved

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126391 </DOCNO>
COMPTEL Observations of the Blazars 3C 454.3 and CTA 102


  We have analyzed the two blazars of 3C 454.3 and CTA 102 using all available
COMPTEL data from 1991 to 1999. In the 10-30 MeV band, emission from the
general direction of the sources is found at the 4$\sigma$-level, being
consistent with contributions from both sources. Below 10 MeV only 3C 454.3 is
significantly detected, with the strongest evidence (5.6 $\sigma$) in the 3-10
MeV band. Significant flux variability is not observed for both sources, while
a low emission is seen most of the years in the 3-10 MeV light curve for
3C 454.3. Its time-averaged MeV spectrum suggests a power maximum between 3 to
10 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74375 </DOCNO>
Flux of upward high-energy muons at the multi-component primary energy


  The atmospheric neutrino-induced upward muon flux are calculated by using the
multi-component primary energy spectrum, CORSIKA EAS simulation code for the
reproduction of the atmospheric neutrino spectra and improved parton model for
charged-current cross sections. The results are obtained at 0.1-1000 TeV muon
energy range and 0-89 degrees zenith angular range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124148 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey. IV. On the soft X-ray


  We present a comprehensive study of the soft X-ray properties of the BeppoSAX
High-Energy Large Area Survey (HELLAS) sources. A large fraction (about 2/3) of
the hard X-ray selected sources is detected by ROSAT. The soft X-ray colors for
many of these objects, along with the 0.5-2 keV flux upper limits for those
undetected in the ROSAT band, do imply the presence of absorption. The
comparison with the ROSAT Deep Survey sources indicates that a larger fraction
of absorbed objects among the HELLAS sources is present, in agreement with
their hard X-ray selection and the predictions of the X-ray background
synthesis models. Another striking result is the presence of a soft
(additional) X-ray component in a significant fraction of absorbed objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128300 </DOCNO>
The intracluster iron distribution around 4C+55.16


  We report on the metal distribution in the intracluster medium around the
radio galaxy 4C+55.16 (z=0.24) observed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The
radial metallicity profile shows a dramatic change at 10 arcsec (~50 kpc) in
radius from half solar to twice solar at inner radii. Also found was a
plume-like feature located at ~3 arcsec to the south-west of the centre of the
galaxy, which is mostly accounted for by a strong enhancement of iron L
emission. The X-ray spectrum of the plume is characterized by the metal
abundance pattern of Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa), i.e., large ratios of Fe to
alpha-elements, with the iron metallicity being unusually high at 7.9(+24/-5.0)
solar (90 per cent error). How the plume has been formed is not entirely clear.
The inhomogeneous iron distribution suggested in this cluster provides
important clues to understanding the metal enrichment process of the cluster
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3415 </DOCNO>
Counting the Number of Bound States of Two-dimensional Screened Coulomb


  Portnoi and Galbraith recently proposed a beautiful and intriguing
relationship defining the critical screening lengths associated with the
apparition of new bound states for the two-dimensional statically screened
Coulomb potential. Not only does semiclassical quantum theory show that this
relationship is unfortunately not strictly exact, it has also proved helpful in
the search for a potential which exactly verifies Portnoi and Galbraith's
formula, namely $\frac{-e^2}{r (1+r/r_s)^2}$. The analytical
eigenfunctions of the corresponding Schr\"{o}dinger equation at zero energy,
when localized, lead to approximate upper bounds for critical screening lengths
of the two-dimensional statically screened Coulomb potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123904 </DOCNO>
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - IV. The QSO Power Spectrum from the 10k


  (ABRIDGED) We present a power spectrum analysis of the 10K catalogue from the
2dF QSO Redshift Survey. We compare the redshift-space power spectra of QSOs to
those measured for galaxies and Abell clusters at low redshift and find that
they show similar shapes in their overlap range, 50-150h^{-1}Mpc, with
P_QSO(k)\propto k^{-1.4}. The amplitude of the QSO power spectrum at z~1.4 is
almost comparable to that of galaxies at the present day if Omega_m=0.3 and
Omega_Lambda=0.7 (the Lambda cosmology), and a factor of ~3 lower if Omega_m=1
(the EdS cosmology) is assumed. The amplitude of the QSO power spectrum is a
factor of ~10 lower than that measured for Abell clusters at the present day.
At larger scales, the QSO power spectra continue to rise robustly to ~400
h^{-1}Mpc, implying more power at large scales than in the APM galaxy power
spectrum measured by Baugh & Efstathiou.
  We split the QSO sample into two redshift bins and find little evolution in
the amplitude of the power spectrum. The QSO power spectrum may show a spike
feature at ~90h^{-1}Mpc assuming the Lambda cosmology or ~65 h^{-1}Mpc assuming
an EdS cosmology. Although the spike appears to reproduce in both the North and
South strips and in two independent redshift ranges, its statistical
significance is still marginal and more data is needed to test further its
reality.
  We compare the QSO power spectra to CDM models to obtain a constraint on the
shape parameter, Gamma. For two choices of cosmology (Omega_m=1, Omega_Lambda=0
and Omega_m=0.3, Omega_Lambda=0.7), we find the best fit model has Gamma~0.1
+-0.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7276 </DOCNO>
Universal Pulse Shape Scaling Function and Exponents: A Critical Test


  In order to test if the universal aspects of Barkhausen noise in magnetic
materials can be predicted from recent variants of the non-equilibrium zero
temperature Random Field Ising Model (RFIM), we perform a quantitative study of
the universal scaling function derived from the
  Barkhausen pulse shape in simulations and experiment. Through data collapses
and scaling relations we determine the critical exponents $\tau$ and
$1/\sigma\nu z$ in both simulation and experiment. Although we find agreement
in the critical exponents, we find differences between theoretical and
experimental pulse shape scaling functions as well as between different
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127692 </DOCNO>
Dark Energy in a Hyperbolic Universe


  Dark energy models due to a slowly evolving scalar (quintessence) field
$\phi$ are studied for various potentials $V(\phi)$ in a universe with negative
curvature. The potentials differ in whether they possess a minimum at $\phi=0$
or are monotonously declining, i.e. have a minimum at infinity. The angular
power spectrum C_l of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) as well as the
magnitude-redshift relation m_B(z) of the type Ia supernovae are compared with
the quintessence models. It is demonstrated that some of the models with
$\Omega_{tot} \simeq 0.85...0.9$ are in agreement with the observations, i.e.
possess a first acoustic peak in the CMB anisotropy at $l\simeq 210...220$ and
yield a magnitude-redshift relation in agreement with the observations.
Furthermore, it is found that the power spectrum $P(k)$ of the large-scale
structure is in agreement with the observations too, with a bias parameter $b
\simeq 1.1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72455 </DOCNO>
Relativistic unitary description of pi pi scattering


  A unitary framework based on the Bakamjian-Thomas construction of
relativistic quantum mechanics is used to describe two-pion scattering from
threshold to 1400 MeV. The framework properly includes unitarity cuts for one-,
two- and three-hadron states and provides an excellent description of the
available data for pi pi phase shifts and inelasticities. The role and
importance of three-hadron cuts are calculated and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1750 </DOCNO>
Dispersoin of the \pi resonance


  We study the dispersion of the $\pi$ resonance in the superconducting state
within the projected SO(5) model\cite{project}. Away from the the commensurate
momentum, the propagation of the $\pi$ resonance creates phase slips in the
superconducting order parameter. This frustration effect leads to a strong
dressing of the $\pi$ resonance and a downwards dispersion away from the
commensurate wave vector. Based on these results, we argue that the the
commensurate resonance and incommensurate magnetic fluctuations in the cuprates
are continuously connected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5034 </DOCNO>
Dynamic versus thermodynamic approach to non-canonical equilibrium


  We study the dynamic and thermodynamic origin of non-canonical equilibria,
and we discuss their connection with the generalized central limit theorem and
the micro-canonical Boltzmann principle. We reach the conclusion that the
zeroth law of thermodynamics and the Boltzmann principle are fulfilled thanks
to an apparent fault turned into a benefit: the dynamic approach can only
produce a truncated form of inverse power law equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179133 </DOCNO>
Polarization observables in (${\vec \gamma},{\vec N}N$) reactions


  The formalism of (${\vec \gamma},{\vec N}N$) reactions is given where the
incident photon is polarized and the outgoing nucleon polarization is detected.
Sixteen structure functions and fifteen polarization observables are found in
the general case, while only eight structure functions and seven polarizations
observables survive in coplanar kinematics. Numerical examples are presented
for the $^{16}$O($\gamma,pn$) and $^{16}$O($\gamma,pp$) reactions. The
transitions to the ground state of $^{14}$C and $^{14}$N are calculated in a
model where realistic short-range and tensor correlations are taken into
account for the $pn$ pair, while short-range and long-range correlations are
included in a consistent way for $pp$ pairs. The effects of the one-body and
two-body components of the nuclear current and the role of correlations in
cross sections and polarizations are studied and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76576 </DOCNO>
Correlations and Fluctuations at RHIC


  Particle correlations and fluctuations measured by RHIC experiments at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=130 GeV were discussed. The source size parameters were similar
to those measured at the CERN-SPS, and no long duration time of particle
emission were observed. It was pointed out that the dependences of longitudinal
and transverse radius parameters on the pair momentum are explained with a
single $m_T$ scaling function observed at the SPS energy. Fluctuation studies
of mean $p_{T}$ of charged particles and of mean $E_{T}$ in an electromagnetic
calorimeter found no significant non-statistical fluctuations by PHENIX, but
some indication in charge independent $<p_T>$ by STAR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123425 </DOCNO>
Revealing the Dusty Warm Absorber in MCG--6-30-15 with the Chandra HETG


  We present detailed evidence for a warm absorber in the Seyfert 1 galaxy
MCG--6-30-15 and dispute earlier claims for relativistic O line emission. The
HETG spectra show numerous narrow, unresolved (FWHM < 200 km/s) absorption
lines from a wide range of ionization states of N, O, Mg, Ne, Si, S, Ar, and
Fe. The O VII edge and 1s^2--1snp resonance line series to n=9 are clearly
detected at rest in the AGN frame. We attribute previous reports of an
apparently highly redshifted O VII edge to the 1s^2--1snp (n > 5) O VII
resonance lines, and a neutral Fe L absorption complex. The shape of the Fe L
feature is nearly identical to that seen in the spectra of several X-ray
binaries, and in laboratory data. The implied dust column density agrees with
that obtained from reddening studies, and gives the first direct X-ray evidence
for dust embedded in a warm absorber. The O VIII resonance lines and weak edge
are also detected, and the spectral rollover below 2 keV is explained by the
superposition of numerous absorption lines and edges. We identify, for the
first time, a KLL resonance in the O VI photoabsorption cross section, giving a
measure of the O VI column density. The O VII (f) emission detected at the
systemic velocity implies a covering fraction of ~5% (depending on the observed
vs. time-averaged ionizing flux). Our observations show that a dusty warm
absorber model is not only adequate to explain all the spectral features > 0.48
keV (< 26 \AA) the data REQUIRE it. This contradicts the interpretation of
Branduardi-Raymont et al. (2001) that this spectral region is dominated by
highly relativistic line emission from the vicinity of the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76819 </DOCNO>
Observing CP Violating MSSM Higgs Bosons at Hadron Colliders ?


  We report on the possibility of observing Higgs sector CP violation of the
minimal supersymmetric standard model at a hadron machine. The CP phase
dependent cross-sections for the $VH_i$ associated production processes are
given for the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC. Substantial production
cross-sections for channels of all three Higgs bosons simultaneously are shown
to be possible, giving a drect indication of the CP violation. The
observability of the Higgs signals are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4542 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of optical spectral weights in quarter-filled


  The temperature dependence of the integrated optical conductivity I(T)
reflects the changes of the kinetic energy as spin and charge correlations
develop. It provides a unique way to explore experimentally the kinetic
properties of strongly correlated systems. We calculated I(T) in the frame of a
t-J-V model at quarter-filling for ladder systems, like NaV_2O_5, and show that
the measured strong T dependence of I(T) for NaV_2O_5 can be explained by the
destruction of short range antiferromagnetic correlations. Thus I(T) provides
detailed information about super-exchange and magnetic energy scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168438 </DOCNO>
Sundays in a Quantum Engineer's Life


  I am a Quantum Engineer, but on Sundays I have principles, John Bell
opened his "underground colloquium" in March 1983, words which I will never
forget! What! John Bell, the great John Bell, presented himself as an
engineer!?! one of those people who make things work without even understanding
how they function?!? whereas I thought of John Bell as one of the greatest
theoretician.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148057 </DOCNO>
Delta function singularities in the Weyl tensor at the brane


  In a recent paper Shiromizu, Maeda and Sasaki derived the gravitational
equations of motion which would hold on a brane which is embedded in a higher
dimensional bulk spacetime, showing that even when the Einstein equations are
imposed in the bulk, nonetheless the embedding leads to a modification of the
Einstein equations on the brane. In this comment on their work we explicitly
identify and evaluate a delta function singularity effect at the brane which
they do not appear to have discussed in their paper, an effect which, while
actually being of interest in and of itself, nonetheless turns out not to
modify their reported results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128997 </DOCNO>
The influence of dynamic tides on the apsidal-motion rate in close


  The validity of the classical formula for the rate of secular apsidal motion
in close binaries is investigated for a sequence of models of a 5 solar mass
star ranging from the last stages of the C12 -> N14 reaction to the phase where
hydrogen is exhausted in the core. For binaries with short orbital periods, the
apsidal-motion rates predicted by the classical formula deviate from the rates
determined within the framework of the theory of dynamic tides due to the
effects of the compressibility of the stellar fluid and due to resonances of
dynamic tides with free oscillation modes of the component stars (Smeyers &
Willems 2001). As the star evolves on the main sequence, the deviations caused
by the compressibility of the stellar fluid increase with increasing radius of
the star. The additional deviations caused by the resonances are largest near
the end of the core-hydrogen burning phase. Both of these deviations increase
with increasing values of the orbital eccentricity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76723 </DOCNO>
Constraining R-parity violating couplings from B --> PP decays using QCD


  We investigate the role of R-parity violating interaction in the non-leptonic
decays of B mesons into two light mesons B --> PP. The decay amplitudes are
calculated using the QCD improved factorization method. Using the combined data
on B decays from BaBar, Belle and CLEO, we obtain strong constraints on the
various products of R-parity violating couplings. Many of these new constraints
are stronger than the existing bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129478 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The bias of galaxies and the density of


  We compute the bispectrum of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and use
it to measure the bias parameter of the galaxies. This parameter quantifies the
strength of clustering of the galaxies relative to the mass in the Universe. By
analysing 80 million triangle configurations in the wavenumber range 0.1 < k <
0.5 h/Mpc (i.e. on scales roughly between 5 and 30 Mpc/h) we find that the
linear bias parameter is consistent with unity: b_1=1.04 pm 0.11, and the
quadratic (nonlinear) bias is consistent with zero: b_2=-0.054 pm 0.08. Thus,
at least on large scales, optically-selected galaxies do indeed trace the
underlying mass distribution. The bias parameter can be combined with the
2dFGRS measurement of the redshift distortion parameter beta =
Omega_m^{0.6}/b_1, to yield Omega_m = 0.27 pm 0.06 for the matter density of
the Universe, a result which is determined entirely from this survey,
independently of other datasets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4231 </DOCNO>
Magneto-optical studies of the uniform critical state in bulk MgB2


  We present a detailed magneto-optical investigation of the magnetic flux
penetration in polycrystalline MgB2 slabs made by direct reaction of B and Mg.
Our results unambiguously indicate a uniform, Bean critical state magnetization
behavior with almost no electromagnetic granularity. From the measured magnetic
flux profiles we were able to extract the temperature dependence of the
critical current density Jc(T). The Jc(T) value reaches 1.8x10^5 A/cm2 at 10K
and 0.12T, in good agreement with global magnetization measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123677 </DOCNO>
HST Time-Series Photometry of the Transiting Planet of HD 209458


  We have observed 4 transits of the planet of HD 209458 using the STIS
spectrograph on HST. Summing the recorded counts over wavelength between 582 nm
and 638 nm yields a photometric time series with 80 s time sampling and
relative precision of about 1.1E-4 per sample. The folded light curve can be
fit within observational errors using a model consisting of an opaque circular
planet transiting a limb-darkened stellar disk. In this way we estimate the
planetary radius R_p = 1.347 +/- 0.060 R_Jup, the orbital inclination i = 86.68
+/- 0.14 degrees, the stellar radius R_* = 1.146 +/- 0.050 R_solar, and one
parameter describing the stellar limb darkening. Our estimated radius is
smaller than those from earlier studies, but is consistent within measurement
errors, and is also consistent with theoretical estimates of the radii of
irradiated Jupiter-like planets. Satellites or rings orbiting the planet would,
if large enough, be apparent from distortions of the light curve or from
irregularities in the transit timings. We find no evidence for either
satellites or rings, with upper limits on satellite radius and mass of 1.2
Earth radii and 3 Earth masses, respectively. Opaque rings, if present, must be
smaller than 1.8 planetary radii in radial extent. The high level of
photometric precision attained in this experiment confirms the feasibility of
photometric detection of Earth-sized planets circling Sun-like stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4081 </DOCNO>
Universal Conductance Distributions in the Crossover between Diffusive


  The full distribution of the conductance $P(G)$ in quasi-one-dimensional
wires with rough surfaces is analyzed from the diffusive to the localization
regime. In the crossover region, where the statistics is dominated by only one
or two eigenchannels, the numerically obtained P(G) is found to be independent
of the details of the system with the average conductance <G> as the only
scaling parameter. For <G> < e^2/h, P(G) is given by an essentially
``one-sided'' log-normal distribution. In contrast, for e^2/h < <G> <= 2e^2/h,
the shape of P(G) remarkable agrees with those predicted by random matrix
theory for two fluctuating transmission eigenchannels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73586 </DOCNO>
Width difference of the B_s mesons from lattice QCD


  We extend our previous studies to calculate the B meson B parameters B_B and
B_S on the lattice, and present an update of the results for the B_s meson
width difference. We perform an extensive study of systematic errors in the
quenched calculation of the B-parameters, and find that the systematic errors
are in good control using the NRQCD action for heavy quark. We also report our
preliminary results from unquenched simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85734 </DOCNO>
Matter seen at many scales and the geometry of averaging in relativistic


  We investigate the scale-dependence of Eulerian volume averages of scalar
functions on Riemannian three-manifolds. We propose a complementary view of a
Lagrangian scaling of variables as opposed to their Eulerian averaging on
spatial domains. This program explains rigorously the origin of the Ricci
deformation flow for the metric, a flow which, on heuristic grounds, has been
already suggested as a possible candidate for averaging the initial data set
for cosmological spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168834 </DOCNO>
J-matrix method and Bargmann potentials


  By applying the J-matrix method [1] to neutral particles scattering we have
discovered that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the nonlocal
separable potential with the Laguerre form factors and a Bargmann potential.
Thus this discrete approach to direct and inverse scattering problem can be
considered as a tool of the S-matrix rational parametrization. As an
application, the Bargmann potentials, phase-equivalent to the np $^1S_0$
Yamaguchi potential [7] and to the np potential from inverse scattering in the
J-matrix approach [6] have been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73332 </DOCNO>
Evolution program for parton densities with perturbative heavy flavor


  A new code for the scale evolution of modified-minimal-subtraction-scheme
parton densities is described. Through next-to-leading order the program uses
exact splitting functions. In next-to-next-to-leading order approximate
splitting functions are used. For efficiency the program includes analytical
results for the evaluation of the weights required for the integrations over
the longitudinal momentum fractions of the partons. It also incorporates the
operator matrix elements required for the matching conditions across heavy
flavor thresholds in higher order perturbation theory. The more efficient
handling of the weights implies that the code is faster than similar evolution
codes in all modes of operation. The program is written in the C programming
language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95658 </DOCNO>
Stable manifolds of holomorphic diffeomorphisms


  We consider stable manifolds of a holomorphic diffeomorphism of a complex
manifold. Using a conjugation of the dynamics to a (non-stationary) polynomial
normal form, we show that typical stable manifolds are biholomorphic to complex
Euclidean space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73611 </DOCNO>
Perturbation evolution with a non-minimally coupled scalar field


  We recently proposed a simple dilaton-derived quintessence model in which the
scalar field was non-minimally coupled to cold dark matter, but not to
`visible' matter. Such couplings can be attributed to the dilaton in the low
energy limit of string theory, beyond tree level. In this paper we discuss the
implications of such a model on structure formation, looking at its impact on
matter perturbations and CMB anisotropies. We find that the model only deviates
from $\Lambda$CDM and minimally coupled theories at late times, and is well
fitted to current observational data. The signature left by the coupling, when
it breaks degeneracy at late times, presents a valuable opportunity to
constrain non-minimal couplings given the wealth of new observational data
promised in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128008 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxies


  Recent spectroscopic observations of galaxies in the Fornax-Cluster reveal
nearly unresolved `star-like' objects with red-shifts appropriate to the
Fornax-Cluster. These objects have intrinsic sizes of about 100 pc and absolute
B-band magnitudes in the range -14 < M_B < -11.5 mag and lower limits for the
central surface brightness mu_B > 23 mag/arcsec^2 (Phillipps et al. 2001), and
so appear to constitute a new population of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies
(UCDs). Such compact dwarfs were predicted to form from the amalgamation of
stellar super-clusters (Kroupa 1998), which are rich aggregates of young
massive star clusters (YMCs) that can form in collisions between gas-rich
galaxies. Here we present the evolution of super-clusters in a tidal field. The
YMCs merge on a few super-cluster crossing times. Super-clusters that are
initially as concentrated and massive as knot~S in the interacting Antennae
galaxies (Whitmore et al. 1999) evolve to merger objects that are long-lived
and show properties comparable to the newly discovered UCDs. Less massive
super-clusters resembling knot 430 in the Antennae may evolve to omega-Cen-type
systems. Low-concentration super-clusters are disrupted by the tidal field,
dispersing their surviving star clusters while the remaining merger objects
rapidly evolve into the mu_B-M_B region populated by low-mass Milky-Way dSph
satellites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74873 </DOCNO>
A chiral theory of strange sea distributions in the nucleon


  Theoretical predictions are given for the strange sea distributions in the
nucleon based on the flavor SU(3) chiral quark soliton model, with emphasis
upon the asymmetry of quark and antiquark distributions. We find that the
quark-antiquark asymmetry of the strange sea is much larger for the
longitudinally polarized distribution functions than for the unpolarized ones.
A preliminary comparison with the CCFR data for the unpolarized $s$-quark
distribution and with the LSS fits of the longitudinally polarized distribution
functions is encouraging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6260 </DOCNO>
Temperature effects on edge-state properties in the integer quantum Hall


  The edge and bulk structure of Landau levels (LLs) in a wide channel at the $
\nu =1$ quantum Hall regime is calculated for not-too-low temperatures, $\hbar
\omega_{c} \gg k_{B}T\gg \hbar v_{g}/2\ell_{0}$, where $v_{g}$ is the group
velocity of the edge states and $\ell_{0}=\sqrt{\hbar c/|e|B}$ is the magnetic
length. Edge-states correlations essentially modify the spatial behavior of the
lowest spin-up LL, which is occupied, compared to the lowest spin-down LL,
which is empty. The influence of many-body interactions on the spatially
inhomogeneous spin-splitting between the two lowest LLs is studied within the
generalized local density approximation. Temperature effects on the enhanced
spin-splitting, the position of the Fermi level within the exchange enhanced
gap and the renormalization of edge-states group velocity by edge states
screening are considered. It is shown that the maximum activation energy $G$ in
the bulk of the channel is determined by the gap between the Fermi level and
the bottom of the spin-down LL, because the gap between the Fermi level and the
spin-up LL is much larger. For the maximum value of $G$, it is shown that the
renormalized group velocity $v_{g}\propto T$ for $T\to 0$ and, in particular,
the condition of not-too-low $T$ can be satisfied for $4.2\agt T\agt0.3$ K. In
other words, the regime of not-too-low temperatures regime can be achieved even
for rather low $T$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149920 </DOCNO>
Giant Gravitons and a Correspondence Principle


  We propose a correspondence between the physics of certain small charge black
holes in AdS_k x S^l and large charge black holes in AdS_l x S^k. The curvature
singularities of these solutions arise, following Myers and Tafjord, from a
condensate of giant gravitons. When the number of condensed giants N_g is much
greater than the number of background branes N, we propose that the system has
an equivalent description in terms of N giant gravitons condensed in a
background created by N_g branes. Our primary evidence is an exact
correspondence between gravitational entropy formulae of small and large charge
solutions in different dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72765 </DOCNO>
SDLCQ and String/Field Theory Correspondences


  String/Field theory correspondences have been discussed heavily in recent
years. Here, we describe a testing scenario involving a non-perturbative field
theory calculation using the framework of supersymmetric discrete light-cone
quantization (SDLCQ). We consider a Maldacena-type conjecture applied to the
near horizon geometry of a D1-brane in the supergravity approximation.
Numerical results of a test of this conjecture are presented with orders of
magnitude more states than we previously considered. These results support the
Maldacena conjecture and are within 10-15% of the predicted results. We present
a method for using a ``flavor'' symmetry to greatly reduce the size of the Fock
basis and discuss a numerical method that we use which is particularly well
suited for this type of matrix element calculation. Our results are still not
sufficient to demonstrate convergence, and, therefore, cannot be considered to
be a numerical proof of the conjecture. We update our continuous efforts to
improve on these results and present some results on the way to higher
dimensional scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5922 </DOCNO>
Continuum Bound States as surface states


  We discuss the relation between continuum bound states (CBS) localized on a
defect, and surface states of a finite periodic system. We use the transfer
matrix method to model an experiment of Capasso, and find all continuum bound
and anti-bound states. We compute the rate for intra-subband transitions from
the ground state to the CBS and derive a sum rule. Finally we show how to
improve the confinement of a CBS while keeping the energy fixed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123376 </DOCNO>
Jet- and Wind-Driven Ionized Outflows in the Superbubble and


  HST WFPC2 images are presented that span the inner 19 kpc diameter of the
edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 3079; they are combined with ground-based Halpha+[N
II] Fabry-Perot spectra and VLA images of radio polarization vectors and
rotation measures. Ionized gas filaments within 9 kpc diameter project ~3 kpc
above the disk, with the brightest forming the 1 kpc diameter superbubble. They
are often resolved into strands ~0."3 (25 pc) wide which emerge from the
nuclear CO ring as five distinct gas streams with velocity gradients and
dispersions of hundreds of km/s. One stream flows for 250 pc and aligns with
the VLBI-scale radio jet, the other four are not connected to the jet, instead
curving to the vertical 0.6 kpc above the galaxy disk, then dispersing in a
spray of droplets each with ionized mass ~1000 sqrt(f) Msun (volume filling
factor f > 0.003 from our data). Shredded clumps of disk gas form a similar
structure in hydro models of a galaxy-scale wind. The pattern of magnetic
fields and the gas kinematics also suggest a wind of mechanical luminosity
10^43 erg/s that has stagnated in the galaxy disk at radius ~800 pc, flared to
larger radii with increasing height as the balancing ISM pressure reduces above
the disk, and entrained dense clouds into a vortex. Total KE and momentum of
the filaments are (0.4-5)x10^55 sqrt(f) ergs and (1.6-6)x10^47 sqrt(f) dyne s.
A star-forming complex elsewhere in the galaxy shows a striking spray of linear
filaments that extend for hundreds of parsecs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128417 </DOCNO>
An Unbiased Survey for Outflows in the W3 and W5 Star-Formation Regions


  During their birth all stars undergo periods of copious mass loss, frequently
characterized by the occurrence of bipolar outflows. These outflows are
believed to play a fundamental role in the star formation process. However the
exact outflow generating method is obscure at present. To elucidate this
problem we are investigating whether the flow properties are correlated over
the entire protostellar mass spectrum. Progress in this area requires that we
assemble a statistically valid sample of high-mass outflow systems. This is
necessary since existing catalogues of such objects are heterogeneous and
statistically incomplete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168337 </DOCNO>
Universal Elementary Constituents of Potential Transformations Shifting


  It is shown that the potential perturbation that shifts a chosen standing
wave in space is a block of potential barrier and well for every wave bump
between neighbouring knots. The algorithms shifting the range of the primary
localization of a chosen bound state in a potential well of finite width are as
well applicable to the scattering functions if states of the continuous
spectrum are considered as bound states normalized to unity but distributed on
an infinite interval with vanishing density. The potential perturbations of the
same type on the half-axis concentrate the scattering wave at the origin, thus
creating a bound state embedded into the continuous spectrum (zero width
resonance). It is an improved version of paper: Annalen der Physik, 6 (1997)
136.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4221 </DOCNO>
Wavepacket diffraction in the Kronig-Penney model


  The phenomenon of wavepacket diffraction in space and time is investigated
numerically and analytically, for a one-dimensional array of equally spaced
finite-depth wells. Theoretical predictions for the lattice at long times and
at low scattering energies, coincide exactly with the results for a single
well. At intermediate and short times compared to the classical passage time,
the pattern shows both a broad diffractive pattern and an interference pattern
inside each diffractive peak. The diffractive structure persists for this case
to infinite time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97929 </DOCNO>
Applications of the Wulff construction to the number theory


  We apply the geometric construction of solutions of some variational problems
of combinatorics to estimate the number of partitions and of plane partitions
of an integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123986 </DOCNO>
Zero-metallicity stars I. Evolution at constant mass


  We present extensive evolutionary models of stars with initial
zero-metallicity, covering a large range of initial masses (i.e. 0.7 <= M <=
100 Msun). Calculations are carried out at constant mass, with updated input
physics, and applying an overshooting scheme to convective boundaries. The
nuclear network includes all the important reactions of the p-p chain,
CNO-cycle and alpha-captures, and is solved by means of a suitable
semi-implicit method. The evolution is followed up to the thermally pulsing AGB
in the case of low- and intermediate-mass stars, or to the onset of carbon
burning in massive stars. The main evolutionary features of these models are
discussed, also in comparison with models of non-zero metallicity. Among
several interesting aspects, particular attention has been paid to describe: i)
the first synthesis of 12C inside the stars, that may suddenly trigger the
CNO-cycle causing particular evolutionary features; ii) the pollution of the
stellar surface by the dredge-up events, that are effective only within
particular mass ranges; iii) the mass limits which conventionally define the
classes of low-, intermediate-, and high-mass stars on the basis of common
evolutionary properties, including the upper mass limit for the achievement of
super-Eddington luminosities before C-ignition in the high-mass regime; and iv)
the expected pulsational properties of zero-metallicity stars. All relevant
information referring to the evolutionary tracks and isochrones is made
available in computer-readable format at http://pleiadi.pd.astro.it .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83901 </DOCNO>
Quality of service monitoring: Performance metrics across proprietary


  We propose a quality of service (QoS) monitoring program for broadband access
to measure the impact of proprietary network spaces. Our paper surveys other
QoS policy initiatives, including those in the airline, and wireless and
wireline telephone industries, to situate broadband in the context of other
markets undergoing regulatory devolution. We illustrate how network
architecture can create impediments to open communications, and how QoS
monitoring can detect such effects. We present data from a field test of
QoS-monitoring software now in development. We suggest QoS metrics to gauge
whether information "walled gardens" represent a real threat for dividing the
Internet into proprietary spaces.
  To demonstrate our proposal, we are placing our software on the computers of
a sample of broadband subscribers. The software periodically conducts a battery
of tests that assess the quality of connections from the subscriber's computer
to various content sites. Any systematic differences in connection quality
between affiliated and non-affiliated content sites would warrant research into
the behavioral implications of those differences.
  QoS monitoring is timely because the potential for the Internet to break into
a loose network of proprietary content domains appears stronger than ever.
Recent court rulings and policy statements suggest a growing trend towards
relaxed scrutiny of mergers and the easing or elimination of content ownership
rules. This policy environment could lead to a market with a small number of
large, vertically integrated network operators, each pushing its proprietary
content on subscribers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5901 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Screening and Effective Interactions in Charged Colloids


  Influences of nonlinear screening on effective interactions between spherical
macroions in charged colloids are described via response theory. Nonlinear
screening, in addition to generating effective many-body interactions, is shown
to entail essential corrections to the pair potential and one-body volume
energy. Numerical results demonstrate that nonlinear effects can substantially
modify effective interactions and thermodynamics of aqueous, low-salt
suspensions of highly-charged macroions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96540 </DOCNO>
The distribution of values in the quadratic assignment problem


  We obtain a number of results regarding the distribution of values of a
quadratic function f on the set of nxn permutation matrices (identified with
the symmetric group S_n) around its optimum (minimum or maximum). In
particular, we estimate the fraction of permutations sigma such that f(sigma)
lies within a given neighborhood of the optimal value of f. We identify some
``extreme'' functions f (there are 4 of those for n even and 5 for n odd) such
that the distribution of every quadratic function around its optimum is a
certain ``mixture'' of the distributions of the extremes and describe a natural
class of functions (which includes, for example, the objective function in the
Traveling Salesman Problem) with a relative abundance of near-optimal
permutations. In particular, we identify a large class of functions f with the
property that permutations in the vicinity of the optimal permutation (in the
Hamming metric of S_n) tend to produce near optimal values of f (such is, for
example, the objective function in the symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem)
and show that for general f, just the opposite behavior may take place: an
average permutation in the vicinity of the optimal permutation may be much
worse than an average permutation in the whole group S_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168363 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Manipulation via Linear Optical Logic


  We propose an experimentally feasible scheme for optimal entanglement
concentration with a single copy using linear optical devices (polarization
beam splitter, quarter wave plate, and half wave plate). The scheme relies on
the implementation of arbitrary local quantum operations on the polarization of
a single photon via linear optical quantum logic. It is universal and feasible
in the sense that it requires only one-order Mach-Zehnder interferometer with
some adjustable half wave plates and quarter wave plates, but it can implement
general entanglement concentration. We also analysis deterministic entanglement
manipulation and test the non-concentration theorem of a set of entangled pure
states using this scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77091 </DOCNO>
The Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein Effect in Moving Matter


  The Lorentz invariant formalism for description of neutrino flavour
oscillations in moving matter is developed. It is shown that the matter motion
with relativistic speed can sufficiently change the matter term in the neutrino
effective potential. In the case of matter motion parallel to neutrino
propagation, matter effects in neutrino flavour oscillations are suppressed. In
the case of relativistic motion of matter in the opposite direction in respect
to neutrino propagation, sufficient increase of effects of matter in neutrino
oscillations is predicted. The effective neutrino flavour oscillation
probability, effective mixing angle and oscillation length, as well as the MSW
effect resonance condition for the case of moving matter are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 16 </DOCNO>
Variational bounds on the ground-state energy of three electrons and one


  We consider a model of three electrons and one hole confined in a
two-dimensional (2D) plane, interacting with one another through Coulomb
forces. Using a Ritz variational method we find an upper bound of \approx
-0.0112me^4/8\pi^2 \epsilon ^2 \hbar ^2 for the ground-state energy of such a
system when the particles are near one another. The possible connections of
such a complex to other fields of physics are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73014 </DOCNO>
Relativistic quark model and scalar diquarks charge radii


  In the framework of relativistic quark model the behaviour of electromagnetic
form factors of diquarks with $ J^{P} = 0^{+} $ at small and intermediate
momentum transfer are determined. The charge radii of nonstrange and strange
scalar diquarks are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150238 </DOCNO>
Higgs Phenomenon for 4-D Gravity in Anti de Sitter Space


  We show that standard Einstein gravity coupled to a free conformal field
theory (CFT) in Anti de Sitter space can undergo a Higgs phenomenon whereby the
graviton acquires a nonzero mass (and three extra polarizations). We show that
the essential ingredients of this mechanism are the discreteness of the energy
spectrum in AdS space, and unusual boundary conditions on the elementary fields
of the CFT. These boundary conditions can be interpreted as implying the
existence of a 3-d defect CFT living at the boundary of the AdS space. Our
free-field computation sheds light on the essential, model-independent features
of AdS that give rise to massive gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127485 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Helium and Hydrogen Ionization Corrections as HII


  Helium and hydrogen recombination lines observed in low-metallicity,
extragalactic, HII regions provide the data used to infer the primordial helium
mass fraction, Y_P. In deriving abundances from observations, the correction
for unseen neutral helium or hydrogen is usually assumed to be absent; i.e.,
the ionization correction factor is taken to be unity (icf = 1). In a previous
paper (VGS), we revisited the question of the icf, confirming a "reverse"
ionization correction: icf < 1. In VGS the icf was calculated using more nearly
realistic models of inhomogeneous HII regions, suggesting that the published
values of Y_P needed to be reduced by an amount of order 0.003. As star
clusters age, their stellar spectra evolve and so, too, will their icfs. Here
the evolution of the icf is studied, along with that of two, alternate,
measures of the "hardness" of the radiation spectrum. The differences between
the icf for radiation-bounded and matter-bounded models are also explored,
along with the effect on the icf of the He/H ratio (since He and H compete for
some of the same ionizing photons). Particular attention is paid to the amount
of doubly-ionized helium predicted, leading us to suggest that observations of,
or bounds to, He++ may help to discriminate among models of HII regions ionized
by starbursts of different ages and spectra. We apply our analysis to the
Izotov & Thuan (IT) data set utilizing the radiation softness parameter, the
[OIII]/[OI] ratio, and the presence or absence of He++ to find 0.95 < icf <
0.99. This suggests that the IT estimate of the primordial helium abundance
should be reduced by Delta-Y = 0.006 +- 0.002, from 0.244 +- 0.002 to 0.238 +-
0.003.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76868 </DOCNO>
Top-bottom mass hierarchy, $s-\mu$ puzzle and gauge coupling unification


  A supersymmetric 5D SU(5) grand unification is considered. The SU(5) is
broken down to $G_{SM}=SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ by the $Z_2\times Z_2'$
assignment of the bulk field(s). The matter fields are located at the fixed
point(s). In the bulk, a Higgs multiplet $\bar 5_H$(containing the bottom
doublet $H_1$) and the SU(5) gauge multiplet are located. At one fixed point,
$H_2$(the top doublet) and the standard model matter multiplets are presented.
Because of the difference of the locations of $H_1$ and $H_2$, one can obtain a
hierarchy between top and bottom Yukawa couplings. We also present a
possibility to understand the $s-\mu$ mass puzzle in this framework of the
split multiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125098 </DOCNO>
SS-433/W50 at TeV Energies


  The HEGRA CT-System was used to search for TeV gamma-rays from the
microquasar and supernova remnant combination SS-433/W50 over the 1998 and 1999
observing seasons, resulting in about 20 hours of useful data. An analysis of
various extended sources of location guided by X-Ray observations reveals no
evidence for TeV emission at photon energies above 1 TeV, with resulting 99%
upper limits in the range 8 to 10 of the Crab flux. For one of these locations,
the eastern jet termination, a model predicting a presently detectable TeV
gamma-ray flux via the inverse Compton upscattering of microwave background
photons is now somewhat constrained. The results and model contraints are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86851 </DOCNO>
Conditional probabilities in Ponzano-Regge minisuperspace


  We examine the Hartle-Hawking no-boundary initial state for the Ponzano-Regge
formulation of gravity in three dimensions. We consider the behavior of
conditional probabilities and expectation values for geometrical quantities in
this initial state for a simple minisuperspace model consisting of a
two-parameter set of anisotropic geometries on a 2-sphere boundary. We find
dependence on the cutoff used in the construction of Ponzano-Regge amplitudes
for expectation values of edge lengths. However, these expectation values are
cutoff independent when computed in certain, but not all, conditional
probability distributions. Conditions that yield cutoff independent expectation
values are those that constrain the boundary geometry to a finite range of edge
lengths. We argue that such conditions have a correspondence to fixing a range
of local time, as classically associated with the area of a surface for
spatially closed cosmologies. Thus these results may hint at how classical
spacetime emerges from quantum amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96158 </DOCNO>
Complete embedded minimal n-submanifolds in C^n


  In this paper we prove the existence of families of n-dimensional complete
embedded minimal submanifolds of C^n with a prescribed configuration of k>1
asymptotic planes. These submanifolds are obtained by desingularizing the
intersection of the asymptotes, using a gluing theorem applied to a
generalization of a special lagrangian "hyperbola" found by Lawlor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5467 </DOCNO>
A statistical model for the intrinsically broad superconducting to


  Although quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductors such as
$\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$ seem to be very clean systems, with apparent
quasiparticle mean-free paths of several thousand \AA, the superconducting
transition is intrinsically broad (e.g $\sim 1$ K wide for $T_c \approx 10$ K).
We propose that this is due to the extreme anisotropy of these materials, which
greatly exacerbates the statistical effects of spatial variations in the
potential experienced by the quasiparticles. Using a statistical model, we are
able to account for the experimental observations. A parameter $\bar{x}$, which
characterises the spatial potential variations, may be derived from
Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation experiments. Using this value, we are able to
predict a transition width which is in good agreement with that observed in MHz
penetration-depth measurements on the same sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81476 </DOCNO>
Quenched chiral perturbation theory for baryon form factors


  A new intuitive method for the rapid calculation of the leading nonanalytic
behavior of hadronic observables in quenched chiral perturbation theory is
presented. After proving the technique in a consideration of baryon masses, the
quenched magnetic moments of octet baryons are addressed. The technique
provides a separation of magnetic moment contributions into full, sea, valence
and quenched valence contributions, the latter being the conventional view of
the quenched approximation. Both baryon mass and meson mass violations of
SU(3)-flavor symmetry are accounted for. A comprehensive examination of the
individual quark-sector contributions to octet baryon magnetic moments reveals
that the u-quark contribution to the proton magnetic moment provides an optimal
opportunity to directly view nonanalytic behavior associated with the quenched
meson cloud of baryons in the quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4245 </DOCNO>
Layer-dependent magnetization at the surface of a band-ferromagnet


  The temperature-dependence of the magnetization near the surface of a
band-ferromagnet is measured with monolayer resolution. The simultaneous
application of novel highly surface-sensitive techniques enables one to deduce
the layer-dependent magnetization curves at a Fe(100) surface. Analysis of data
is based on a simple mean-field approach. Implications for modern theories of
itinerant-electron ferromagnetism are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98360 </DOCNO>
On the effective cone of the moduli space of pointed rational curves


  We compute the effective cone for the moduli space of stable rational curves
with at most six marked points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41495 </DOCNO>
Measurements of extremely low radioactivity levels in BOREXINO


  The techniques researched, developed and applied towards the measurement of
radioisotope concentrations at ultra-low levels in the real-time solar neutrino
experiment BOREXINO at Gran Sasso are presented and illustrated with specific
results of widespread interest. We report the use of low-level germanium gamma
spectrometry, low-level miniaturized gas proportional counters and low
background scintillation detectors developed in solar neutrino research. Each
now sets records in its field. We additionally describe our techniques of
radiochemical ultra-pure, few atom manipulations and extractions. Forefront
measurements also result from the powerful combination of neutron activation
and low-level counting. Finally, with our techniques and commercially available
mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy, new low-level detection
limits for isotopes of interest are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127665 </DOCNO>
A spectroscopic study of component C and the extended emission around I


  Long-slit Keck II, 4m Kitt Peak, and 4.5m MMT spectrophotometric data are
used to investigate the stellar population and the evolutionary status of I Zw
18C, the faint C component of the nearby blue compact dwarf galaxy I Zw 18.
Hydrogen H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ emission lines are detected in the spectra of I
Zw 18C, implying that ionizing massive stars are present. High signal-to-noise
Keck II spectra of different regions in I Zw 18C reveal H$\gamma$, H$\delta$
and higher order hydrogen lines in absorption. Several techniques are used to
constrain the age of the stellar population in I Zw 18C. Ages derived from two
different methods, one based on the equivalent widths of the H$\alpha$,
H$\beta$ emission lines and the other on H$\gamma$, H$\delta$ absorption lines
are consistent with a 15 Myr instantaneous burst model. We find that a small
extinction in the range $A_V$ = 0.20 -- 0.65 mag is needed to fit the observed
spectral energy distribution of I Zw 18C with that model. In the case of
constant star formation, all observed properties are consistent with stars
forming continuously between ~ 10 Myr and < 100 Myr ago. We use all available
observational constraints for I Zw 18C, including those obtained from Hubble
Space Telescope color-magnitude diagrams, to argue that the distance to I Zw 18
should be as high as ~ 15 Mpc. The deep spectra also reveal extended ionized
gas emission around I Zw 18. H$\alpha$ emission is detected as far as 30" from
it. To a B surface brightness limit of ~ 27 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ we find no
observational evidence for extended stellar emission in the outermost regions,
at distances > 15" from I Zw 18.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41306 </DOCNO>
Three-jet production in diffractive deep inelastic scattering at HERA


  Three-jet production in the reaction ep --> eXp has been studied with the
ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 42.74 pb^-1. The data
were measured in the kinematic region 5 < Q^2 < 100 GeV^2, 200 < W < 250 GeV
and 23 < M_X < 40 GeV. The diffractive signal was selected by requiring a large
rapidity gap in the outgoing proton direction. Jets were reconstructed in the
centre-of-mass system of X using the exclusive k_T-algorithm. A sample of
three-jet events in diffraction has been identified. Differential cross
sections were measured as a function of the jet pseudorapidity and jet
transverse momentum with respect to the virtual photon-Pomeron axis. The jets
going in the Pomeron direction are broader than those going in the
virtual-photon direction. This is consistent with models predicting that gluons
are predominantly produced in the Pomeron direction and quarks in the
virtual-photon direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98323 </DOCNO>
Tolstoy's Mathematics in "War and Peace"


  The nineteenth century Russian author Leo Tolstoy based his egalitarian views
on sociology and history on mathematical and probabilistic views, and he also
proposed a mathematical theory of waging war.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126530 </DOCNO>
A Heuristic Introduction to Radioastronomical Polarization


  Radio sources are often polarized. Accurate measurement of simply the flux
density of a radio source requires a basic understanding of polarization and
its measurement techniques. We provide an introductory, heuristic discussion of
these matters with an emphasis on practical application and avoiding pitfalls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75562 </DOCNO>
Parallel Computing on a PC Cluster


  The tremendous advance in computer technology in the past decade has made it
possible to achieve the performance of a supercomputer on a very small budget.
We have built a multi-CPU cluster of Pentium PC capable of parallel
computations using the Message Passing Interface (MPI). We will discuss the
configuration, performance, and application of the cluster to our work in
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6639 </DOCNO>
Electric field gradients from first-principles and point-ion


  Point-ion models have been extensively used to determine "hole numbers" at
copper and oxygen sites in high-temperature superconducting cuprate compounds
from measured nuclear quadrupole frequencies. The present study assesses the
reliability of point-ion models to predict electric field gradients accurately
and also the implicit assumption that the values can be calculated from the
"holes" and not the total electronic structure. First-principles cluster
calculations using basis sets centred on the nuclei have enabled the
determination of the charge and spin density distribution in the CuO2-plane.
The contributions to the electric field gradients and the magnetic hyperfine
couplings are analysed in detail. In particular they are partitioned into
regions in an attempt to find a correlation with the most commonly used
point-ion model, the Sternheimer equation which depends on the two parameters R
and gamma. Our most optimistic objective was to find expressions for these
parameters, which would improve our understanding of them, but although
estimates of the R parameter were encouraging the method used to obtain the
gamma parameter indicate that the two parameters may not be independent. The
problem seems to stem from the covalently bonded nature of the CuO2-planes in
these structures which severely questions using the Sternheimer equation for
such crystals, since its derivation is heavily reliant on the application of
perturbation theory to predominantly ionic structures. Furthermore it is shown
that the complementary contributions of electrons and holes in an isolated ion
cannot be applied to estimates of electric field gradients at copper and oxygen
nuclei in cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4964 </DOCNO>
Temperature variations of the disorder-induced vortex-lattice melting


  Differential magneto-optical imaging of the vortex-lattice melting process in
Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 crystals reveals unexpected effects of quenched disorder on
the broadening of the first-order phase transition. The melting patterns show
that the disorder-induced melting landscape T_m(H,r) is not fixed, but rather
changes dramatically with varying field and temperature along the melting line.
The changes in both the scale and shape of the landscape are found to result
from the competing contributions of different types of quenched disorder which
have opposite effects on the local melting transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168929 </DOCNO>
Some Comments On Bound State Eigenvalues of PT-Symmetric Potentials


  Using purely physical arguments it is claimed that for ID Schrodinger
operators with complex PT- Symmatric potentials having a purely real attractive
potential well and a purely imaginary repulsive part,bound state eigenvalues
will be discrete and real.This has been illustrated with several potentials
possessing similar properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77030 </DOCNO>
A quark-model based study of the triton binding energy


  The three-nucleon bound state problem is studied employing a nucleon-nucleon
potential obtained from a basic quark-quark interaction in a five-channel
Faddeev calculation. The obtained triton binding energy is comparable to those
predicted by conventional models of the $NN$ force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86402 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Decay Rates in Large Extra Dimensions


  We study the evaporation of black holes in space-times with extra dimensions
of size L. We show that the luminosity is greatly damped when the horizon
becomes smaller than L and black holes born with an initial size smaller than L
are almost stable. This effect is due to the dependence of both the occupation
number density of Hawking quanta and the grey-body factor of a black hole on
the dimensionality of space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98228 </DOCNO>
Conformal Scalar Curvature Equations in Open Spaces


  The article contains a brief description on the study of conformal scalar
curvature equations, and discusses selected topics and questions concerning the
equations in open spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96405 </DOCNO>
Generating Converging Eigenenergy Bounds for the Discrete States of the


  Recent investigations by Bender and Boettcher (Phys. Rev. Lett 80, 5243
(1998)) and Mezincescu (J. Phys. A. 33, 4911 (2000)) have argued that the
discrete spectrum of the non-hermitian potential $V(x) = -ix^3$ should be real.
We give further evidence for this through a novel formulation which transforms
the general one dimensional Schrodinger equation (with complex potential) into
a fourth order linear differential equation for $|\Psi(x)|^2$. This permits the
application of the Eigenvalue Moment Method, developed by Handy, Bessis, and
coworkers (Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 931 (1985);60, 253 (1988a,b)), yielding rapidly
converging lower and upper bounds to the low lying discrete state energies. We
adapt this formalism to the pure imaginary cubic potential, generating tight
bounds for the first five discrete state energy levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168644 </DOCNO>
Removal of a single photon by adaptive absorption


  We present a method to remove, using only linear optics, exactly one photon
from a field-mode. This is achieved by putting the system in contact with an
absorbing environment which is under continuous monitoring. A feedback
mechanism then decouples the system from the environment as soon as the first
photon is absorbed. We propose a possible scheme to implement this process and
provide the theoretical tools to describe it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2503 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure, magnetism and superconductivity of MgCNi$_{3}$


  The electronic structure of the newly discovered superconducting perovskite
MgCNi$_3$ is calculated using the LMTO and KKR methods. The states near the
Fermi energy are found to be dominated by Ni-d. The Stoner factor is low while
the electron-phonon coupling constant is estimated to be about 0.7, which
suggests that the material is a conventional type of superconductor where T$_C$
is not affected by magnetic interactions. However, the proximity of the Fermi
energy to a large peak in the density of states in conjunction with the
reported non-stoichiometry of the compound, has consequences for the stability
of the results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113617 </DOCNO>
Hierarchy of Fundamental Interactions in Wave Universe


  Fundamental interactions (FI) represent the core of physical World Picture,
compose the basis of observed in Universe phenomena and flowing in it
processes. In the frame of Wave Universe Concept (WU Concept) it is pointed to
essential features of observed FI set - its hierarchy, isomorphysm, recurrence
character. Hierarchy of alpha(k) fundamental interactions (FI) is shown by the
(infinite) Homological series alpha(k) = [(hi)^k]alpha(0) k=...-2, -1, 0, 1, 2,
>..., where hi-Fundamental parameter of hierarchy-Chechelnitsky Number
hi=3.66(6), alpha(0) = alpha = (e^2)/[(h/2pi)c] - Fine Structure constant.
Available experimental data sufficiently confirm the analitical representions
of the theory (WU Concept)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7530 </DOCNO>
Interesting magnetic properties of Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$Si alloys


  Solid solution between nonmagnetic narrow gap semiconductor FeSi and
diamagnetic semi-metal CoSi gives rise to interesting metallic alloys with
long-range helical magnetic ordering, for a wide range of intermediate
concentration. We report various interesting magnetic properties of these
alloys, including low temperature re-entrant spin-glass like behaviour and a
novel inverted magnetic hysteresis loop. Role of Dzyaloshinski-Moriya
interaction in the magnetic response of these non-centrosymmetric alloys is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167966 </DOCNO>
Universal quantum computation with spin-1/2 pairs and Heisenberg


  An efficient and intuitive scheme for universal quantum computation is
presented that employs pairs of spin-1/2 particles with different magnetic
coupling constants as quantum bits. At the expense of a factor of two increase
in spin devices comes the ability to perform universal quantum computation
using only the Heisenberg exchange interaction and a static uniform magnetic
field. In contrast to quantum bits employing three spins, no increase in the
number of gate operations is required to produce controlled-NOT and other
universal gate operations. The simplicity and adaptability of this approach
should make it attractive for spin-based quantum computing architectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123618 </DOCNO>
A New ASCA and ROSAT Study of the Supernova Remnant: G272.2-3.2


  G272.2-3.2 is a supernova remnant (SNR) characterized by an apparent
centrally brightened X-ray morphology and thermally dominated X-ray emission.
Because of this combination of Sedov-type (thermal emission) and non-Sedov type
(non-shell like morphology) features, the remnant is classified as a ``thermal
composite'' SNR. This class of remnant is still poorly understood due in part
to the difficulties in modeling accurately all the physical conditions which
shape the emission morphology. In this paper we present a combined analysis of
data from the ASCA and ROSAT satellites coupled with previous results at other
wavelengths. We find that the X-ray emission from G272.2-3.2 is best described
by a non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) model with a temperature around 0.70 keV,
an ionization timescale of 3200 cm^-3 yr and a relatively high column density
(NH about 10^22 atoms/cm^2). We look into the possible explanations for the
apparent morphology of G272.2-3.2 using several models (among which both cloud
evaporation and thermal conduction models). For each of the models considered
we examine all the implications on the evolution of G272.2-3.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1992 </DOCNO>
A Minimal Model for Vorticity and Gradient Banding in Complex Fluids


  A general phenomenological reaction-diffusion model for flow-induced phase
transitions in complex fluids is presented. The model consists of an equation
of motion for a nonconserved composition variable, coupled to a Newtonian
stress relations for the reactant and product species. Multivalued reaction
terms allow for different homogeneous phases to coexist with each other,
resulting in banded composition and shear rate profiles. The one-dimensional
equation of motion is evolved from a random initial state to its final
steady-state. We find that the system chooses banded states over homogeneous
states, depending on the shape of the stress constitutive curve and the
magnitude of the diffusion coefficient. Banding in the flow gradient direction
under shear rate control is observed for shear-thinning transitions, while
banding in the vorticity direction under stress control is observed for
shear-thickening transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169492 </DOCNO>
Violation of Bell's inequalities implies distillability for N qubits


  We consider quantum systems composed of $N$ qubits, and the family of all
Bell's correlation inequalities with two local measurements per site. We show
that if a $N$-qubit state $\rho$ violates any of these inequalities, then it is
bipartite distillable. Thus, we strengthen the interpretation of Bell's
inequalities as detectors of useful entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40967 </DOCNO>
The e/h ratio of the ATLAS Hadronic Tile Calorimeter


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72744 </DOCNO>
Fragmentation Functions for Lepton Pairs


  We calculate the fragmentation function for a light quark to decay into a
lepton pair to leading order in the QCD coupling constant. In the formal
definition of the fragmentation function, a QED phase must be included in the
eikonal factor to guarantee QED gauge invariance. We find that the longitudinal
polarization fraction is a decreasing function of the factorization scale, in
accord with the intuitive expectation that the virtual photon should behave
more and more like a real photon as the transverse momomentum of the
fragmenting quark increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98051 </DOCNO>
Analytic Subordination Consequences of Free Markovianity


  Using simple operator-valued analytic function considerations several general
analytic subordination results for a freely Markovian triple of operator
algebras are derived from the analytic subordination result for generalized
resolvents in the case of a free increment with amalgamation. This includes a
generalization of Biane's subordination result in the case of a unitary free
multiplicative increment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2312 </DOCNO>
Quasi-particle Density in Sr2RuO4 Probed by the Phonon Thermal


  The inter-plane thermal conductivity of the spin-triplet superconductor
Sr2RuO4 has been studied in the normal, superconducting and mixed states down
to 0.3 K. In the normal state the dominant heat carriers are phonons, and their
conductivity is determined by scattering on conduction electrons. The thermal
conductivity exhibits a pronounced maximum on entering the superconducting
state associated with a phonon mean free path increase. Due to a large density
of the quasi-particles in the bulk the magnitude of the maximum in this
unconventional superconductor is notably suppressed, as compared to
conventional superconductors. The observation of the Volovik term in the field
dependence of the phonon thermal resistivity is consistent with the presence of
line node features in the superconducting gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95956 </DOCNO>
Analytic invariants of boundary links


  Using basic topology and linear algebra, we define a plethora of invariants
of boundary links whose values are power series with noncommuting variables.
These turn out to be useful and elementary reformulations of an invariant
originally defined by M. Farber.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85670 </DOCNO>
Geometric Characterizations of the Kerr Isolated Horizon


  We formulate conditions on the geometry of a non-expanding horizon $\Delta$
which are sufficient for the space-time metric to coincide on $\Delta$ with the
Kerr metric. We introduce an invariant which can be used as a measure of how
different the geometry of a given non-expanding horizon is from the geometry of
the Kerr horizon. Directly, our results concern the space-time metric at $\IH$
at the zeroth and the first orders. Combained with the results of Ashtekar,
Beetle and Lewandowski, our conditions can be used to compare the space-time
geometry at the non-expanding horizon with that of Kerr to every order. The
results should be useful to numerical relativity in analyzing the sense in
which the final black hole horizon produced by a collapse or a merger
approaches the Kerr horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74217 </DOCNO>
The First Three Pomerons


  A model of a three Pomeron contribution to high energy elastic $pp$ and $\bar
p p$ scattering is proposed. The data are well described for all momenta
($0.01\le |t|\le 14. GeV^2$) and energies ($8.\le\sqrt{s}\le 1800. GeV$)
($\chi^2/{\rm d.o.f.}=2.74$). The model predicts the appearance of two dips in
the differential cross-section which will be measured at LHC. The parameters of
the Pomeron trajectories are: $\alpha(0)_{{\Bbb P}_1}=1.058, \alpha'(0)_{{\Bbb
P}_1}=0.560 (GeV^{-2});$ $\alpha(0)_{{\Bbb P}_2}=1.167, \alpha'(0)_{{\Bbb
P}_2}=0.273 (GeV^{-2});$ $\alpha(0)_{{\Bbb P}_3}=1.203, \alpha'(0)_{{\Bbb
P}_3}=0.094 (GeV^{-2}).$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81208 </DOCNO>
A new fermion Hamiltonian for lattice gauge theory


  We formulate Hamiltonian vector-like lattice gauge theory using the overlap
formula for the spatial fermionic part, $H_f$. We define a chiral charge, $Q_5$
which commutes with $H_f$, but not with the electric field term. There is an
interesting relation between the chiral charge and the fermion energy with
consequences for chiral anomalies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127661 </DOCNO>
Collisional excitation of hydrogen and the determination of the


  This paper investigates the effect of collisional enhancement of the hydrogen
lines on the derivation of the helium abundances in low metallicity H II
regions. For this, we have constructed a grid of photoionization models
relevant for the analysis of giant \hii regions in blue compact galaxies. We
show that the effect of collisional excitation on the Halpha/Hbeta ratio can be
quite important (up to 8% or more). The impact of this effect on the
determination of the helium mass fraction has been tracked on four
low-metallicity blue compact galaxies for which Keck spectra are available and
which are among the best objects for the quest of the pregalactic helium
abundance. We find that taking into account the effects of collisional
excitation of hydrogen results in an upward correction of the helium mass
fraction Y by up to 5%. However, combining with other systematic effects
usually not considered in the determination of the helium abundance in
low-metallicity galaxies, the resulting uncertainty should be much less.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129669 </DOCNO>
Testing the Supernova, Cepheid, and Early-type Galaxy Distance Scales


  I summarize recent work comparing relative distances measured to individual
galaxies with independent methods. The comparisons include: ground-based
surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) and fundamental plane distances to 170
galaxies, distances predicted from galaxy velocities and the inferred gravity
field, HST SBF measurements to seven early-type hosts of Type Ia supernovae,
and ties of the Cepheid distance scale to early-type galaxies. Independent
calibrations for some methods provide interesting constraints on the Cepheid
zero point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81262 </DOCNO>
A Two-Dimensional Lattice Model with Exact Supersymmetry


  Starting from a simple discrete model which exhibits a supersymmetric
invariance we construct a local, interacting, two-dimensional Euclidean lattice
theory which also admits an exact supersymmetry. This model is shown to
correspond to the Wess-Zumino model with extended N=2 supersymmetry in the
continuum. We have performed dynamical fermion simulations to check the
spectrum and supersymmetric Ward identities and find good agreement with
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149115 </DOCNO>
Duality equivalence between nonlinear self-dual and topologically


  In this report we study the dual equivalence between the generalized
self-dual (SD) and topologically massive (TM) models. To this end we linearize
the model using an auxiliary field and apply a gauge embedding procedure to
construct a gauge equivalent model. We clearly show that, under the above
conditions, a nonlinear SD model always has a duality equivalent TM action.The
general result obtained is then particularized for a number of examples,
including the Born-Infeld-Chern-Simons (BICS) model recently discussed in the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126592 </DOCNO>
Cepheid Calibration of the Peak Brightness of SNe Ia. XI. SN 1998aq in


  Repeated imaging observations have been made of NGC 3982 with the Hubble
Space Telescope between March and May 2000, over an interval of 53 days. Images
were obtained on 12 epochs in the F555W band and on five epochs in the F814W
band. The galaxy hosted the type Ia supernova SN1998aq.
  A total of 26 Cepheid candidates were identified, with periods ranging from
10 to 45 days, using photometry with the DoPHOT program. The de-reddened
distance to NGC 3982 is estimated from these data using various criteria to
maximize signal to noise and reliability: the values lie between 31.71 and
31.82, with uncertainties in the mean of typically +/- 0.14 mag for each case.
A parallel analysis using photometry with HSTphot discovered 13 variables,
yielding a distance modulus of 31.85 +/- 0.16. The final adopted modulus is
(M-m)_0 = 31.72 +/- 0.14 (22 +/- 1.5 Mpc).
  Photometry of 1998aq that is available in the literature is used in
combination with the derived distance to NGC 3982 to obtain the peak absolute
magnitude of this supernova. The lower limit (no extinction within the host
galaxy) for M_V is -19.47 +/- 0.15 mag. Corrections for decline rate and
intrinsic color to carry these to the reduced system of Parodi et al. (2000)
have been performed. The derived luminosities at hand are fully consistent with
the mean of the 8 normal SNe Ia previously calibrated with Cepheids. Together
they yield H_0 ~ 60 +/- 2 (internal) km s-1 Mpc-1 based on an assumed LMC
distance modulus of 18.50. We point out that correcting some of the systematic
errors and including uncertainty estimates due to them leads to H_0 = 58.7 +/-
6.3 (internal) km s-1 Mpc-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129324 </DOCNO>
The brown dwarf desert as a consequence of orbital migration


  We show that the dearth of brown dwarfs in short-period orbits around
Solar-mass stars - the brown dwarf desert - can be understood as a consequence
of inward migration within an evolving protoplanetary disc. Brown dwarf
secondaries forming at the same time as the primary star have masses which are
comparable to the initial mass of the protoplanetary disc. Subsequent disc
evolution leads to inward migration, and destruction of the brown dwarf, via
merger with the star. This is in contrast with massive planets, which avoid
this fate by forming at a later epoch when the disc is close to being
dispersed. Within this model, a brown dwarf desert arises because the mass at
the hydrogen burning limit is coincidentally comparable to the initial disc
mass for a Solar mass star. Brown dwarfs should be found in close binaries
around very low mass stars, around other brown dwarfs, and around Solar-type
stars during the earliest phases of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127515 </DOCNO>
Observations of the Extended Distribution of Ionized Hydrogen in the


  We have used the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) to observe the spatially
extended distribution of ionized hydrogen in M31 beyond the stellar disk. We
obtained five sets of observations, centered near the photometric major axis of
M31, that extend from the center of the galaxy to just off the edge of the
southwestern HI disk. Beyond the bright stellar disk, but within the HI disk,
weak H-alpha is detected with an intensity I(H-alpha) = 0.05 (+0.01 / -0.02)
Rayleighs. Since M31 is inclined 77 degrees with respect to the line of sight,
this implies that the ambient intergalactic ionizing flux onto each side of M31
is Phi_0 <= 1.6 x 10^4 photons cm^-2 s^-1. Just beyond the outer boundary of
the HI disk we find no significant detection of H-alpha and place an upper
limit I(H-alpha) <= 0.019 Rayleighs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74977 </DOCNO>
New Theoretical and Experimental Correlation Aspects of QCD-Instantons


  Possibility of experimental identification of QCD-instantons in high energy
collisions is studied by means of correlations analysis in final states.
Instanton-induced processes amplitudes are performed in the framework of QCD in
Gauss approximation. Hadronization is taken into account by Monte-Carlo method.
Obtained results can be used as additional criterions of QCD-instanton
identification at HERA (DESY). Unlike previous results in this report we
consider also nonzero quarks modes contribution into parton distributions of
instanton processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 320 </DOCNO>
Nature of $e_g$ Electron Order in La$_{1-x}$Sr$_{1+x}$MnO$_4$


  Synchrotron x-ray scattering measurements of the low-temperature structure of
the single-layer manganese oxide La$_{1-x}$Sr$_{1+x}$MnO$_4$, over the doping
range $0.33 \le x \le 0.67$, indicate the existence of three distinct regions:
a disordered phase ($x < 0.4$), a charge-ordered phase ($x \ge 0.5$), and a
mixed phase ($0.4 \le x < 0.5$). For $x>0.5$, the modulation vector associated
with the charge order is incommensurate with the lattice and depends linearly
on the concentration of $e_g$ electrons. The primary superlattice reflections
are strongly suppressed along the modulation direction and the higher harmonics
are weak, implying the existence of a largely transverse and nearly sinusoidal
structural distortion, consistent with a charge density wave of the $e_g$
electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98436 </DOCNO>
A classification of generic Poisson structures on a compact oriented


  Poisson structures vanishing linearly on a set of smooth closed
non-intersecting curves are generic in the set of all Poisson structures on a
compact connected oriented surface. We construct a complete set of invariants
classifying these structures up to an orientation-preserving Poisson
isomorphism. We show that there is a set of non-trivial infinitesimal
deformations which generate the second Poisson cohomology and such that each of
the deformations changes exactly one of the classifying invariants. As an
example, we consider generic Poisson structures on the sphere, and in this case
give an explicit description of the moduli space of generic Poisson structures
up to a Poisson isomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149142 </DOCNO>
Normalization of the Boundary Superstring Field Theory Action


  The normalization of the boundary superstring field theory action is
determined by computing the near on-shell amplitude involving three gauge
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41075 </DOCNO>
Determination of |Vub|/|Vcb| with DELPHI at LEP


  The ratio of the CKM quark-mixing matrix elements |Vub|/|Vcb| has been
measured using B hadron semileptonic decays. The analysis uses the
reconstructed mass M_X of the secondary hadronic system produced in association
with an identified lepton. Since B -> X_u lepton anti-nu transitions are
characterised by hadronic masses below those of the D mesons produced in B ->
X_c lepton anti-nu transitions, events with a reconstructed value of M_X
significantly below the D mass are selected. Further signal enrichments are
obtained using the topology of reconstructed decays and hadron identification.
A fit to the numbers of decays in the b -> u enriched and depleted samples with
M_X above and below 1.6 GeV/c^2 and to the shapes of the lepton energy
distribution in the B rest frame gives |Vub|/|Vcb|= 0.103^{+0.011}_{-0.012}
(stat.) +/- 0.016 (syst.) +/- 0.010 (model) and, correspondingly, a charmless
semileptonic B decay branching fraction of BR(B -> X_u lepton anti-nu) = (1.57
+/- 0.35 (stat.) +/- 0.48 (syst.) +/- 0.27 (model)) x 10^{-3}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 295 </DOCNO>
Dislocation Geometry in the TGB-A Phase: Linear Theory


  We demonstrate that an arbitrary system of screw dislocations in a smectic-A
liquid crystal may be consistently treated within harmonic elasticity theory,
provided that the angles between dislocations are sufficiently small. Using
this theory, we calculate the ground state configuration of the TGB-A phase. We
obtain an estimate of the twist-grain-boundary spacing and screw dislocation
spacing in a boundary in terms of the macroscopic parameters, in reasonable
agreement with experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98907 </DOCNO>
Totally positive Toeplitz matrices and quantum cohomology of partial


  We show that the set of totally positive unipotent lower-triangular Toeplitz
matrices in $GL_n$ form a real semi-algebraic cell of dimension $n-1$.
Furthermore we prove a natural cell decomposition for its closure. The proof
uses properties of the quantum cohomology rings of the partial flag varieties
of $GL_n(\C)$ relying in particular on the positivity of the structure
constants, which are enumerative Gromov--Witten invariants. We also give a
characterization of total positivity for Toeplitz matrices in terms of the
(quantum) Schubert classes. This work builds on some results of Dale Peterson's
which we explain with proofs in the type $A$ case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40945 </DOCNO>
K+K- and KsKs Production in Two-Photon Collisions at Belle


  The production of a kaon pair ($K^+ K^-$ and $K^0_S K^0_S$) in two-photon
processes has been measured using the Belle detector at the electron-positron
collider KEKB. We have obtained the invariant-mass distribution of the
processes between 1.3 and 2.3 GeV. A broad bump structure around 1.7 GeV in the
$K^0_S K^0_S$ channel is confirmed, while, in the $K^+ K^-$ channel, a bump
structure is seen near 1.9 GeV. The angular distribution of the final-state
kaons is analyzed to explore the spin(-helicity) structure in each
invariant-mass region for the two processes. Contributions from existing and
postulated resonances are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97121 </DOCNO>
Yet another inverse function theorem


  We prove a Nash-Moser type inverse function theorem in Frechet spaces for
functions with approximate inverses, allowing for a loss of derivatives
proportional to $n$ in the way of Lojasiewicz and Zehnder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74126 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production Measurements at THERA


  The total cross sections of charm and beauty production at a future
high-energy ep collider, THERA, are expected to increase by factors of three
and five, respectively, as compared to HERA. Heavy quarks can be measured at
THERA in wide ranges of transverse momenta and Q^2 values, thereby providing a
solid basis for testing the perturbative QCD calculations. The charm and beauty
contributions to the proton structure can be probed at THERA at ~1 order of
magnitude smaller Bjorken x values with respect to those at HERA. Charm
production in the process of photon-gluon fusion at THERA can serve for the
determination of the gluon structure of the proton in the as yet unexplored
kinematic range 10^{-5} < x_g < 10^{-4}. The cross section of charm production
in charged current at THERA is ~1 order of magnitude larger than that at HERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126867 </DOCNO>
Galaxies and Genes: Towards an Automatic Modeling of Interacting


  The main problems in modeling interacting galaxies are the extended parameter
space and the fairly high CPU costs of self-consistent N-body simulations.
Therefore, traditional modeling techniques suffer from either extreme CPU
demands or trapping in local optima (or both). A very promising alternative
approach are evolutionary algorithms which mimic natural adaptation in order to
optimize the numerical models. One main advantage is their very weak dependence
on starting points which makes them much less prone to trapping in local
optima. We present a Genetic Algorithm (GA) coupled with a fast (but not
self-consistent) restricted N-body solver. This combination allows us to
identify interesting regions of parameter space within only a few CPU hours on
a standard PC or a few CPU minutes on a parallel computer. Especially, we
demonstrate here the ability of GA-based fitting procedures to analyse
observational data automatically, provided the data are sufficiently accurate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97991 </DOCNO>
On the construction of a C^2-counterexample to the Hamiltonian Seifert


  We outline the construction of a proper C^2-smooth function on R^4 such that
its Hamiltonian flow has no periodic orbits on at least one regular level set.
This result can be viewed as a C^2-smooth counterexample to the Hamiltonian
Seifert conjecture in dimension four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41819 </DOCNO>
Study of the K- -> pi0 e- nu decay


  The decay K- -> pi0 e- nu has been studied using in-flight decays detected
with "ISTRA+" setup operating at the 25 GeV negative secondary beam of the U-70
PS. About 130K events were used for the analysis. The lambda_+ parameter of the
vector formfactor has been measured: lambda_+ = 0.0293 +- 0.0015(stat) +-
0.002(syst).
  The limits on the possible tensor and scalar couplings have been derived:
f_T/f_+(0)=-0.044 +0.059 -0.057 (stat) f_S/f_+(0)=-0.020 +0.025 -0.016 (stat)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148364 </DOCNO>
Quotient Stacks and String Orbifolds


  In this short review we outline some recent developments in understanding
string orbifolds. In particular, we outline the recent observation that string
orbifolds do not precisely describe string propagation on quotient spaces, but
rather are literally sigma models on objects called quotient stacks, which are
closely related to (but not quite the same as) quotient spaces. We show how
this is an immediate consequence of definitions, and also how this explains a
number of features of string orbifolds, from the fact that the CFT is
well-behaved to orbifold Euler characteristics. Put another way, many features
of string orbifolds previously considered ``stringy'' are now understood as
coming from the target-space geometry; one merely needs to identify the correct
target-space geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179275 </DOCNO>
Quantum tunneling and the principle of relativity


  It is shown that the results of Buttiker and Landauer on the traversal time
of quantum tunneling through a potential barrier are in agreement with the
principle of relativity. Also, they are consistent with the data on the
life-time of nuclear particles that decay in flight. PACS number: 03.30,
Special Relativity

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127252 </DOCNO>
The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1


  We measured the radial-velocity curve of HD77581, the B-supergiant companion
of the X-ray pulsar Vela X-1, using 183 high-resolution optical spectra
obtained in a nine-month campaign. We derive radial-velocity amplitudes for
different lines and wavelength regions, and find all are consistent with each
other, as well as with values found in previous analyses. We show that one
apparent exception, an anomalously low value derived from ultra-violet spectra
obtained with the IUE, was due to an error in the analysis procedures. We
re-analyse all IUE spectra, and combine the resulting velocities with the ones
derived from the new optical spectra presented here, as well as those derived
from optical spectra published earlier. As in previous analyses, the radial
velocities show strong deviations from those expected for a pure Keplerian
orbit. The deviations likely are related to the pronounced line-profile
variations seen in our spectra. It turns out that systematic deviations as a
function of orbital phase are present. Our best estimate of the radial-velocity
amplitude, Kopt = 21.7 +/- 1.6 km/s, has an uncertainty not much reduced to
that found in previous analyses, in which the systematic deviations had not
been taken into account. Combining our velocity amplitude with the accurate
orbital elements of the X-ray pulsar, we infer M_ns sin^3i = 1.78 +/- 0.15
Msun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123943 </DOCNO>
Antiprotons below 200 MeV in the interstellar medium: perspectives for


  Most cosmic ray antiprotons observed near the Earth are secondaries produced
in collisions of energetic cosmic ray (CR) particles with interstellar gas. The
spectrum of secondary antiprotons is expected to peak at ~2 GeV and decrease
sharply at lower energies. This leaves a low energy window in which to look for
signatures of exotic processes such as evaporation of primordial black holes or
dark matter annihilation. In the inner heliosphere, however, modulation of CRs
by the solar wind makes analysis difficult. Detecting these antiprotons outside
the heliosphere on an interstellar probe removes most of the complications of
modulation. We present a new calculation of the expected secondary antiproton
flux (the background) as well as a preliminary design of a light-weight,
low-power instrument for the interstellar probe to make such measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126043 </DOCNO>
Very high-energy gamma-ray sources as seen by the CAT imaging telescope


  To date, only three objects have been firmly established as very high-energy
gamma-ray sources in the Northern sky: the Crab nebula, which is a plerion, and
the two blazars Markarian 501 and Markarian 421. This paper reviews the most
striking results obtained for these sources by the CAT atmospheric Cherenkov
imaging telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124143 </DOCNO>
Bounds on Compactness for LMXB Neutron Stars from X-ray Burst


  We have modelled X-ray burst oscillations observed with the Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer (RXTE) from two low mass X-ray binaries (LMXB): 4U 1636-53 with
a frequency of 580 Hz, and 4U 1728-34 at a frequency of 363 Hz. We have
computed least squares fits to the oscillations observed during the rising
phase of bursts using a model which includes emission from either a single
circular hot spot or a pair of circular antipodal hot spots on the surface of a
neutron star. We model the spreading of the thermonuclear hot spots by assuming
that the hot spot angular size grows linearly with time. We calculate the flux
as a function of rotational phase from the hot spots and take into account
photon deflection in the relativistic gravitational field of the neutron star
assuming the exterior spacetime is the Schwarzschild metric. We find acceptable
fits with our model and we use these to place constraints on the compactness of
the neutron stars in these sources. For 4U 1636-53, in which detection of a 290
Hz sub-harmonic supports the two spot model, we find that the compactness
(i.e., mass/radius ratio) is constrained to be M/R < 0.163 at 90% confidence (G
= c = 1). This requires a relatively stiff equation of state (EOS) for the
stellar interior. For example, if the neutron star has a mass of 1.4 Msun then
its radius must be > 12.8 km. Fits using a single hot spot model are not as
highly constraining. We discuss the implications of our findings for recent
efforts to calculate the EOS of dense nucleon matter and the structure of
neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129272 </DOCNO>
Effects of the magnetic fields on the helium white dwarfs structure


  In this paper the effect of the magnetic field on the form of the equation of
state and helium white dwarfs structure are discussed. The influence of the
temperature and magnetic field on white dwarfs parameters have been
investigated. The mass-radius relations for different parameters were obtained.
The occurrence of unstable branches in the mass-radius relation are presented
for the temperature equals T=3 10^8 K and for different values of the strength
of magnetic field. Theoretical model of the star with two Landau levels is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128663 </DOCNO>
The origin of primary nitrogen in galaxies


  We investigate the role of stellar axial rotation on the nitrogen
nucleosynthesis at low metallicities Z. For this purpose, we have calculated
models with initial masses between 2 and 60 M$_\odot$ at Z=0.00001 from the
zero age sequence to the phase of thermal pulses for models below or equal to 7
M$_\odot$, and up to the end of central C--burning for the more massive stars.
The models include all the main physical effects of rotation. We show that
intermediate mass stars with rotation naturally reproduce the occurrence and
amount of primary nitrogen in the early star generations in the Universe. We
identify two reasons why rotating models at low Z produce primary $^{14}$N: 1)
Since the stars lose less angular momentum, they rotate faster. Simultaneously,
they are more compact, thus differential rotation and shear mixing are
stronger. 2) The H--burning shell has a much higher temperature and is thus
closer to the core, which favours mixing between the two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41496 </DOCNO>
Review of the Technical Issues Associated with the Construction of a


  In this note the issues surrounding the realization of a solar neutrino TPC
are reviewed. The technical challenges can be summarized as building a very
large TPC within the low background constraints of solar neutrino
experimentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86893 </DOCNO>
New physics and astronomy with the new gravitational-wave observatories


  Gravitational-wave detectors with sensitivities sufficient to measure the
radiation from astrophysical sources are rapidly coming into existence. By the
end of this decade, there will exist several ground-based instruments in North
America, Europe, and Japan, and the joint American-European space-based antenna
LISA should be either approaching orbit or in final commissioning in
preparation for launch. The goal of these instruments will be to open the field
of gravitational-wave astronomy: using gravitational radiation as an
observational window on astrophysics and the universe. In this article, we
summarize the current status of the various detectors currently being
developed, as well as future plans. We also discuss the scientific reach of
these instruments, outlining what gravitational-wave astronomy is likely to
teach us about the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169507 </DOCNO>
Quantum Bit Commitment can be Unconditionally Secure


  It is generally believed that unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment
is ruled out in principle by a "no-go theorem". We point out that the theorem
only establishes the existence of a cheating unitary operator in any scheme of
quantum bit commitment, however there is no proof that the unitary operator is
always known to the cheating party, hence it does not necessarily follow that
quantum bit commitment is insecure. In this work, we propose a scheme where the
cheating party cannot construct the required unitary operator because it
depends on the other party's unknown random choices; consequently the scheme is
not breakable even with the help of a quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6692 </DOCNO>
Gap Anisotropy, Spin Fluctuations and Normal-State Properties of the


  We report the results from a thermopower and a Cu nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR) study of the infinite CuO2 layer electron doped high temperature
superconducting cuprate (HTSC), Sr0.9La0.1CuO2. We find that the temperature
dependence of the thermopower, S(T), is different from that observed in the
hole doped HTSC. In particular, we find that dS(T)/dT is positive above ~120 K.
However, we show that S(T) can still be described by the same model developed
for the hole doped HTSC and hence S(T) is not anomalous and does not imply
phonon mediated pairing as has previously been suggested. The Cu NMR data
reveal a Knight shift and spin lattice relaxation rate below Tc that are
inconsistent with isotropic s-wave pairing. The Cu spin lattice relaxation rate
in the normal state, however, is Curie-Weiss like and is comparable to that of
the optimally and overdoped hole doped HTSC, La2-xSrxCuO4. The magnitude of the
Knight shift indicates that the density of states at the Fermi level is
anomalously small when compared with the hole doped HTSC with the same Tc,
indicating that the size of the density of states at the Fermi level is of
little importance in the HTSC. We find no evidence of the normal state
pseudogap that is observed in the hole doped HTSC and which was recently
reported to exist in the electron doped HTSC, Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4, from infrared
reflectance measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74862 </DOCNO>
R-parity violation and the cosmological gravitino problem


  Based on the R-parity violation option of the minimal supersymmetric Standard
Model, we examine the scenario where the massive gravitino, relic from the hot
big-bang, is the lightest supersymmetric particle and can decay through one or
several of the trilinear R-parity violating interactions. We calculate the
rates of the gravitino decay via the various three-body decay channels with
final states involving three quarks and/or leptons. By taking into account the
present constraints on the trilinear R-parity violating coupling constants and
assuming the gravitino and scalar superpartner masses do not exceed ${\cal
O}(10TeV)$, it turns out that the gravitinos could easily have decayed before
the present epoch but not earlier than the big-bang nucleosynthesis one.
Therefore, the considered scenario would upset the standard big-bang
nucleosynthesis and we conclude that it does not seem to constitute a natural
solution for the cosmological gravitino problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86884 </DOCNO>
Recently discovered pulsars and unidentified EGRET sources


  We present a correlative study between all unidentified EGRET sources at low
Galactic latitudes and the newly discovered pulsars in the released portion of
the Parkes multibeam radio survey. We note 14 positional coincidences: eight of
these are ``Vela-like'' pulsars, with relatively small periods, small
characteristic ages, and high spin-down luminosities. Three of these
coincidences have been investigated by D'Amico et al. (2001) and Camilo et al.
(2001). Among the others, we argue that PSR J1015-5719 may plausibly generate
part of the high energy radiation observed from 3EG J1014-5705. Three
additional interesting cases are: 3EG J1410-6147 and either of PSRs J1412-6145
or J1413-6141, if the pulsars are at the estimated distance of the coincident
SNR G312.4-0.4; and 3EG J1639-4702/PSR J1637-4642. The remaining positional
coincidences between the EGRET sources and the newly discovered pulsars are
almost certainly spurious.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1603 </DOCNO>
Critical Phenomena of Ferromagnetic Transition in Double-Exchange


  Critical phenomena of ferromagnetic transition at finite temperatures are
studied in double-exchange systems. In order to investigate strong interplay
between charge and spin degrees of freedom, Monte Carlo technique is applied to
include fluctuations in a controlled and unbiased manner. By using finite-size
scaling analysis, critical exponents and transition temperature are estimated
for a model with Ising spin symmetry in two dimensions. The obtained exponents
are far distinct from the mean-field values, but consistent with those of spin
models with short-range exchange interactions. The universality class of this
transition belongs to that of short-range interaction with the same spin
symmetry. We also discuss the case for three dimensions. The results are
compared with experimental results in perovskite manganites which show colossal
magnetoresistance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113447 </DOCNO>
The cosmic origin of supersymmetry and internal symmetry


  The cosmic vacuum is the wavefunction of the eleven dimensional Planck
supermembrane. The Planck wavefunction is the superposition of dimensions from
eleven to four dimensional spacetime with decreasing energy and increasing
size. The cosmic vacuum is a gigantic cosmic particle-wave. It undergoes a
gigantic slow cosmic oscillation between the high-energy eleven dimensional
spacetime and the low-energy four dimensional spacetime. The origin of ordinary
(baryonic) matter in the big bang universe is the collapsed Planck wavefunction
due to the lepton-quark entangled state with two unequal sets of spacetime as
the quantum system-measurement entangled state in Hilbert space. The collapsed
Planck wavefunction has four dimensional spacetime and seven dimensional
internal space (non-spacetime) with seven gauge bosons. The remnants of the
cosmic oscillation are cosmic radiation, gravity, and microscopic particle-wave
in the four dimensional spacetime. Internal symmetries for gauge bosons,
leptons, quarks, and black holes are in the seven dimensional internal space.
The result is the big bang universe with the cosmic vacuum. The cosmic vacuum
has the four-to-eleven dimensional spacetime supersymmetry, while the big bang
universe has the four dimensional spacetime and the seven dimensional internal
space. The masses of elementary particles can be calculated with only four
known constants: the number of the extra spatial dimensions in the
supermembrane, the mass of electron, the mass of Z, and the fine structure
constant for the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74533 </DOCNO>
Spin structure functions and intrinsic motion of the constituents


  The spin structure functions of the system of quasifree fermions on mass
shell are studied in a consistently covariant approach. Comparison with the
basic formulas following from the quark-parton model reveals the importance of
the fermion motion inside the target for the correct evaluation of the spin
structure functions. In particular it is shown, that regarding the moment
$\Gamma_{1}$, both the approaches are equivalent for the static fermions, but
differ by the factor 1/3 in the limit of massles fermions ($% m \ll p_0$, in
target rest frame). Some other sum rules are discussed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76362 </DOCNO>
The hadronic tau decay of a heavy charged Higgs in models with singlet


  We study the LHC sensitivity to the charged Higgs discovery in the channel
H^- -> tau_L^- nu in models with a singlet neutrino in large extra dimensions.
The observation of such a signal would provide a distinctive evidence for these
models since in the standard two Higgs doublet model type II, H^- -> tau_L^- nu
is completely suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72688 </DOCNO>
Self-gravity of Brane Worlds: A New Hierarchy Twist


  We examine the inclusion of brane self-gravity in brane-world scenarios with
three or more compact extra dimensions. If the brane is a thin, localized one,
then we find that the geometry in its vicinity is warped in such a way that
gravity on the brane can become very weak, independently of the volume of the
extra dimensions. As a consequence, self-gravity can make the brane structure
enter into the determination of the hierarchy between the Planck scale and a
lower fundamental scale. In an extreme case, one can obtain a novel
reformulation of the hierarchy problem in brane worlds, without the need for
large-size extra dimensions; the hierarchy would be generated when the ratio
between the scales of brane tension and brane thickness is large. In a sense,
such a scenario is half-way between the one of Arkani-Hamed et al.(ADD)
(although with TeV-mass Kaluza-Klein states) and that of Randall and Sundrum
(RS1) (but with only a TeV brane, and of positive tension). We discuss in
detail the propagation of fields in the background of this geometry, and find
that no problems appear even if the brane is taken to be very thin. We also
discuss the presence of black branes and black holes in this setting, and the
possibility of having a Planck brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96885 </DOCNO>
Hyper-Hermitian quaternionic Kaehler manifolds


  We call a quaternionic Kaehler manifold with non-zero scalar curvature, whose
quaternionic structure is trivialized by a hypercomplex structure, a
hyper-Hermitian quaternionic Kaehler manifold. We prove that every locally
symmetric hyper-Hermitian quaternionic Kaehler manifold is locally isometric to
the quaternionic projective space or to the quaternionic hyperbolic space. We
describe locally the hyper-Hermitian quaternionic Kaehler manifolds with closed
Lee form and show that the only complete simply connected such manifold is the
quaternionic hyperbolic space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96627 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Geometry of Quantum Line Bundles and Morita Equivalence of


  In this paper we show how deformation quantization of line bundles over a
Poisson manifold $M$ produces a canonical action $\Phi$ of the Picard group
$\Pic(M)\cong H^2(M,\mathbb Z)$ on the moduli space of equivalence classes of
differential star products on $M$, $\Def(M)$. The orbits of $\Phi$ characterize
Morita equivalent star products on $M$. We describe the semiclassical limit of
$\Phi$ in terms of the characteristic classes of star products by studying the
semiclassical geometry of deformed line bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169163 </DOCNO>
Causal Interpretation and Quantum Phase Space


  We show that the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation can be easily implemented in
quantum phase space through the method of quasi-distributions. This method
establishes a connection with the formalism of the Wigner function. As a
by-product, we obtain the rules for evaluating the expectation values and
probabilities associated with a general observable in the de Broglie-Bohm
formulation. Finally, we discuss some aspects of the dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 56 </DOCNO>
Linear hydrodynamics and viscoelasticity of nematic elastomers


  We develop a continuum theory of linear viscoelastic response in oriented
monodomain nematic elastomers. The expression for dissipation function is
analogous to the Leslie-Ericksen version of anisotropic nematic viscosity; we
propose the relations between the anisotropic rubber moduli and new viscous
coefficients. A new dimensionless number is introduced, which describes the
relative magnitude of viscous and rubber-elastic torques. In an elastic medium
with an independently mobile internal degree of freedom, the nematic director
with its own relaxation dynamics, the model shows a dramatic decrease in the
dynamic modulus in certain deformation geometries. The degree to which the
storage modulus does not altogether drop to zero is shown to be both dependent
on frequency and to be proportional to the semi-softness, the non-ideality of a
nematic network. We consider the most interesting geometry for the
implementation of the theory, calculating the dynamic response to an imposed
simple shear and making predictions for effective moduli and (exceptionally
high) loss factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150035 </DOCNO>
The energy states of quantum dots through the variational method and SQM


  The Variational Method is applied within the context of Supersymmetric
Quantum Mechanics to provide information about the energy states of a
hydrogenic donor in a quantum dot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6038 </DOCNO>
The application of computational mechanics to the analysis of


  We discuss how the ideal formalism of Computational Mechanics can be adapted
to apply to a non-infinite series of corrupted and correlated data, that is
typical of most observed natural time series. Specifically, a simple filter
that removes the corruption that creates rare unphysical causal states is
demonstrated, and the new concept of effective soficity is introduced. We
believe that Computational Mechanics cannot be applied to a noisy and finite
data series without invoking an argument based upon effective soficity. A
related distinction between noise and randomness is also defined: Noise can
only be eliminated by increasing the length of the time series, whereas the
resolution of random structure only requires the finite memory of the analysis
to be increased. The benefits of these new concepts are demonstrated on
simulated times series by (a) the effective elimination of white noise
corruption from a periodic signal using the expletive filter and (b) the
appearance of an effectively sofic region in the statistical complexity of a
biased Poisson switch time series that is insensitive to changes in the
wordlength (memory) used in the analysis. The new algorithm is then applied to
analysis of a real geomagnetic time series measured at Halley, Antarctica. Two
principal components in the structure are detected that are interpreted as the
diurnal variation due to the rotation of the earth-based station under an
electrical current pattern that is fixed with respect to the sun-earth axis and
the random occurrence of a signature likely to be that of the magnetic
substorm. In conclusion, a hypothesis is advanced about model construction in
general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127715 </DOCNO>
Soft X-Ray Absorption by Fe$^{0+}$ to Fe$^{15+}$ in Active Galactic


  A full set of calculations is presented for inner-shell n = 2 to 3
photoexcitation of the 16 iron charge states: Fe I through Fe XVI. The blend of
the numerous absorption lines arising from these excitations (mainly 2p - 3d)
forms an unresolved transition array (UTA), which has been recently identified
as a prominent feature between 16 - 17 \AA in the soft X-ray spectra of active
galactic nuclei (AGN). Despite the blending within charge-states, the ample
separation between the individual-ion features enables precise diagnostics of
the ionization range in the absorbing medium. Column density and turbulent
velocity diagnostics are also possible, albeit to a lesser accuracy. An
abbreviated set of atomic parameters useful for modeling the Fe 2p - 3d UTA is
given. It is shown that the effects of accompanying photoexcitation to higher
levels ($n \ge$ 4), as well as the associated photoionization edges, may also
be relevant to AGN spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2180 </DOCNO>
Levels of complexity in financial markets


  We consider different levels of complexity which are observed in the
empirical investigation of financial time series. We discuss recent empirical
and theoretical work showing that statistical properties of financial time
series are rather complex under several ways. Specifically, they are complex
with respect to their (i) temporal and (ii) ensemble properties. Moreover, the
ensemble return properties show a behavior which is specific to the nature of
the trading day reflecting if it is a normal or an extreme trading day.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95416 </DOCNO>
On the asymptotics of drift


  We prove that there exist infinitely many asymptotics of drift for random
walks on finitely generated groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169102 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic behaviour of the probability density in one dimension


  We demonstrate that the probability density of a quantum state moving freely
in one dimension may decay faster than 1/t. Inverse quadratic and cubic
dependences are illustrated with analytically solvable examples. Decays faster
than 1/t allow the existence of dwell times and delay times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123894 </DOCNO>
CMB (And Other) Challenges To BBN


  Primordial nucleosynthesis provides a probe of the universal abundance of
baryons when the universe was only a few minutes old. Recent observations of
anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) probe the baryon abundance
when the universe was several hundred thousand years old. Observations of type
Ia supernovae and clusters of galaxies in the very recent past, when the
universe is several billion years old and older, provide a complementary
measure of the baryon density in excellent agreement with the early universe
values. The general agreement among the three measurements represents an
impressive confirmation of the standard model of cosmology. However, there is a
hint that the CMB observations may not be in perfect agreement with those from
big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). If this "tension" between BBN and the CMB
persists, the standard model of cosmology may need to be modified. Here, in a
contribution dedicated to Silvia Torres-Peimbert and Manuel Peimbert, we
describe how an asymmetry between neutrinos and antineutrinos ("neutrino
degeneracy") has the potential for resolving this possible conflict between BBN
and the CMB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6893 </DOCNO>
Vortex Pinball Under Crossed AC Drives in Superconductors with Periodic


  Vortices driven with both a transverse and a longitudinal AC drive which are
out of phase are shown to exhibit a novel commensuration-incommensuration
effect when interacting with periodic substrates. For different AC driving
parameters, the motion of the vortices forms commensurate orbits with the
periodicity of the pinning array. When the commensurate orbits are present,
there is a finite DC critical depinning threshold, while for the incommensurate
phases the vortices are delocalized and the DC depinning threshold is absent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6263 </DOCNO>
Multi-parameter generalization of nonextensive statistical mechanics


  We show that the stochastic interpretation of Tsallis' thermostatistics given
recently by Beck [Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 87}, 180601 (2001)] leads naturally to a
multi-parameter generalization. The resulting class of distributions is able to
fit experimental results which cannot be reproduced within the Boltzmann's or
Tsallis' formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5080 </DOCNO>
Observation of Quantized Hall Drag in a Strongly Correlated Bilayer


  The frictional drag between parallel two-dimensional electron systems has
been measured in a regime of strong interlayer correlations. When the bilayer
system enters the excitonic quantized Hall state at total Landau level filling
factor \nu_T=1 the longitudinal component of the drag vanishes but a strong
Hall component develops. The Hall drag resistance is observed to be accurately
quantized at h/e^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83612 </DOCNO>
Chain Programs for Writing Deterministic Metainterpreters


  Many metainterpreters found in the logic programming literature are
nondeterministic in the sense that the selection of program clauses is not
determined. Examples are the familiar "demo" and "vanilla" metainterpreters.
For some applications this nondeterminism is convenient. In some cases,
however, a deterministic metainterpreter, having an explicit selection of
clauses, is needed. Such cases include (1) conversion of OR parallelism into
AND parallelism for "committed-choice" processors, (2) logic-based,
imperative-language implementation of search strategies, and (3) simulation of
bounded-resource reasoning.
  Deterministic metainterpreters are difficult to write because the programmer
must be concerned about the set of unifiers of the children of a node in the
derivation tree. We argue that it is both possible and advantageous to write
these metainterpreters by reasoning in terms of object programs converted into
a syntactically restricted form that we call "chain" form, where we can forget
about unification, except for unit clauses. We give two transformations
converting logic programs into chain form, one for "moded" programs (implicit
in two existing exhaustive-traversal methods for committed-choice execution),
and one for arbitrary definite programs. As illustrations of our approach we
show examples of the three applications mentioned above.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149944 </DOCNO>
Integrable Boundary Conditions for the O(N) Nonlinear $\sigma$ Model


  We discuss the new integrable boundary conditions for the O(N) nonlinear
$\sigma$ model and related solutions of the boundary Yang-Baxter equation,
which were presented in our previous paper hep-th/0108039.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128648 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared micro-variability of radio-loud quasars


  We observed three AGN from the Parkes Half-Jansky Flat-spectrum Sample at
near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths to search for micro-variability. In one source,
the blue quasar PKS 2243-123, good evidence for NIR micro-variability was
found. In the other two sources, PKS 2240-260 and PKS 2233-148, both BL
Lacertae objects, no such evidence of variability was detected. We discuss the
implications of these observations for the various mechanisms that have been
proposed for micro-variability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2391 </DOCNO>
Role of Boron p-Electrons and Holes in Superconducting MgB2, and other


  We present the results of fully-relaxed, full-potential electronic structure
calculations for the new superconductor MgB2, and BeB2, NaB2, and AlB2, using
density-functional-based methods. Our results described in terms of (i) density
of states (DOS), (ii) band-structure, and (iii) the DOS and the charge density
around the Fermi energy EF, clearly show the importance of B p-band for
superconductivity. In particular, we show that around EF, the charge density in
MgB2, BeB2 and NaB2 is planar and is associated with the B plane. For BeB2 and
NaB2, our results indicate qualitative similarities but significant
quantitative differences in their electronic structure due to different lattice
constants a and c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127474 </DOCNO>
MIFS: A Mega Integral Field Spectrograph for the VLT


  We describe MIFS, a second generation integral-field spectrograph for the
VLT, operating in the visible wavelength range. It combines a 1'x1' field of
view with the improved spatial resolution provided by multi-conjugate adaptive
optics and covers a large simultaneous spectral range (0.6-1.0 microns). A
separate mode exploits the highest spatial resolution provided by adaptive
optics. With this unique combination of capabilities, MIFS has a wide domain of
application and a large discovery potential.
  The MIFS low-spatial resolution mode (sampled at 0.2") combined with the
initial MCAO capabilities planned for the VLT will provide ultra-deep fields
with a limiting magnitude for spectroscopy of R~28. MIFS will improve the
present day detection limit of Lyman alpha emitters by a factor of 100, and
will detect low-mass star-forming galaxies to z~7. The MIFS high-spatial
resolution mode (3"x3" field sampled at 0.01") is optimized for the next step
in (MC)AO. It will probe, e.g., the relationship between supermassive central
black holes and their host galaxy and the physics of winds from accretion disks
in young stellar objects at unprecedented spatial resolution.
  MIFS will extend Europe's lead in integral-field spectroscopy. It capitalizes
on new developments in adaptive optics, and is a key step towards
instrumentation for OWL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125172 </DOCNO>
Concerning Parameter Estimation Using the Cosmic Microwave Background


  Most parameter constraints obtained from cosmic microwave background (CMB)
anisotropy data are based on power estimates and rely on approximate likelihood
functions; computational difficulties generally preclude an exact analysis
based on pixel values. With the specific goal of testing this kind of approach,
we have performed a complete (un-approximated) likelihood analysis combining
the COBE, Saskatoon and MAX data sets. We examine in detail the ability of
certain approximate techniques based on band-power estimates to recover the
full likelihood constraints. The traditional $\chi^2$-method does not always
find the same best-fit model as the likelihood analysis (a bias), due mainly to
the false assumption of Gaussian likelihoods that makes the method overly
sensitive to data outliers. Although an improvement, other approaches employing
non-Gaussian flat-band likelihoods do not always faithfully reproduce the
complete likelihood constraints either; not even when using the exact flat-band
likelihood curves. We trace this to the neglect of spectral information by
simple flat band-power estimates. A straightforward extension incorporating a
local effective slope (of the power spectrum, $C_l$) provides a faithful
representation of the likelihood surfaces without significantly increasing
computing cost. Finally, we also demonstrate that the best-fit model to this
particular data set is a {\em good fit}, or that the observations are
consistent with Gaussian sky fluctuations, according to our statistic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99097 </DOCNO>
Representations of marked quivers


  We introduce a generalization of representations of quivers that contains
also representations of posets, vectorspace problems and other matrix problems.
Many examples, some of which are given in the paper, show that the language of
marked quivers is rather convenient and that the notion of their
representations can probably be considered as basic for a general theory of
matrix problems. Some historical comments from my personal point of view are
added in the Appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168318 </DOCNO>
Photon coincidence spectroscopy for multi-atom cavity quantum


  We show that photon coincidence spectroscopy can provide an unambiguous
signature of two atoms simultaneously interacting with a quantised cavity field
mode. We also show that the single-atom Jaynes-Cummings model can be probed
effectively via photon coincidence spectroscopy, even with deleterious
contributions to the signal from two-atom events. In addition, we have
explicitly solved the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of two two-level atoms
coupled to a quantised cavity mode for differing coupling strengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3471 </DOCNO>
Analytical solution of a one-dimensional Ising model with zero


  The one-dimensional Ising model with nearest neighbour interactions and the
zero-temperature dynamics recently considered by Lefevre and Dean -J. Phys. A:
Math. Gen. {\bf 34}, L213 (2001)- is investigated. By introducing a
particle-hole description, in which the holes are associated to the domain
walls of the Ising model, an analytical solution is obtained. The result for
the asymptotic energy agrees with that found in the mean field approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85691 </DOCNO>
Determination of Upper Limit of Stars Mass Based on Model of Expansive


  Incorporation of the Vaidya metric in the model of Expansive Nondecelerative
Universe allows to localize the energy density of gravitational field that,
subsequently, enables to determine the upper limit of stars mass. The upper
limit decreases with cosmological time and at present is close to 30-fold of
our Sun mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149230 </DOCNO>
OPEs and 3-point correlators of protected operators in N=4 SYM


  Two- and three-point correlation functions of arbitrary protected operators
are constructed in N=4 SYM using analytic superspace methods. The OPEs of two
chiral primary multiplets are given. It is shown that the $n$-point functions
of protected operators for $n\leq4$ are invariant under $U(1)_Y$ and it is
argued that this implies that the two- and three-point functions are not
renormalised. It is shown explicitly how unprotected operators can be
accommodated in the analytic superspace formalism in a way which is fully
compatible with analyticity. Some new extremal correlators are exhibited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128883 </DOCNO>
Resolution of Cosmological Singularity and a Plausible Mechanism of the


  The initial cosmological singularity in the framework of the general theory
of relativity is resolved by introducing the effect of the uncertainty
principle of quantum theory without violating conventional laws of physics. A
plausible account of the mechanism of the big bang, analogous to that of a
nuclear explosion, is given and the currently accepted Planck temperature of
about 10^(32)K at the beginning of the big bang is predicted.
  Subj-class: cosmology: theory-pre-big bang; mechanism of the big bang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 353 </DOCNO>
Doped magnetic moments in a disordered electron system: insulator-metal


  Recent experiments on the amorphous magnetic semiconductor Gd_x Si_{1-x},
Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4652 (1996), ibid 83, 2266 (1999), ibid 84, 5411 (2000),
ibid 85, 848 (2000), have revealed an insulator-metal transition (i-m-t), as a
function of doping and magnetic field, a spin glass state at low temperature,
and colossal magnetoresistance close to the i-m-t. There are also signatures of
strong electron-electron interaction close to the i-m-t. Motivated by these
results we examine the role of doped magnetic moments in a strongly disordered
electron system. In this paper we study a model of electrons coupled to
structural disorder and (classical) magnetic moments, through an essentially
exact combination of spin Monte Carlo and fermion exact diagonalisation. Our
preliminary results, ignoring electron-electron interactions, highlights the
interplay of structural and magnetic `disorder' which is primarily responsible
for the observed features in magnetism and transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5933 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall Stripe Phases at Integer Filling Factors


  We consider stripe formation in quantum Hall systems at integer filling
factors. We use Hartree-Fock calculations to obtain the phase diagram of
bilayer quantum Hall systems at $\nu=4n+1$ in a tilted magnetic field. We
derive and analyze an effective low energy theory for the stripe phases which
may be present in such systems. We discuss the possibility of stripe formation
in wide well systems in a tilted magnetic field and suggest that the resistance
anisotropy, observed recently by W. Pan et.al. (cond-mat/0101416), may be due
to the existence of a skyrmion stripe phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114163 </DOCNO>
Model Channel Ion Currents in NaCl - SPC/E Solution with Applied-Field


  Using periodic boundary conditions and a constant applied field, we have
simulated current flow through an 8.125 Angstrom internal diameter, rigid,
atomistic channel with polar walls in a rigid membrane using explicit ions and
SPC/E water. Channel and bath currents were computed from ten 10-ns
trajectories for each of 10 different conditions of concentration and applied
voltage. An electric field was applied uniformly throughout the system to all
mobile atoms. On average, the resultant net electric field falls primarily
across the membrane channel, as expected for two conductive baths separated by
a membrane capacitance. The channel is rarely occupied by more than one ion.
Current-voltage relations are concentration-dependent and superlinear at high
concentrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124408 </DOCNO>
Secondary electrons and positrons in near earth orbit


  The secondary e+ and e- populations in near earth's orbit have been
calculated by simulation. The results are in very good agreement with the
recent AMS measurements. The e$^+$ over e$^-$ flux ratio for particles below
the geomagnetic cutoff appears to be due to the geomagnetic East-West effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123668 </DOCNO>
The VLT-VIRMOS Mask Manufacturing Unit


  The VIRMOS Consortium has the task to design and manufacture two
spectrographs for ESO VLT, VIMOS (Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph) and NIRMOS
(Near Infrared Multi-Object Spectrograph). This paper describes how the Mask
Manufacturing Unit (MMU), which cuts the slit masks to be used with both
instruments, meets the scientific requirements and manages the storage and the
insertion of the masks into the instrument. The components and the software of
the two main parts of the MMU, the Mask Manufacturing Machine and the Mask
Handling System, are illustrated together with the mask material and with the
slit properties. Slit positioning is accurate within 15 micron, equivalent to
0.03 arcsec on the sky, while the slit edge roughness has an rms on the order
of 0.03 pixels on scales of a slit 5 arcsec long and of 0.01 pixels on the
pixel scale (0.205 arcsec). The MMU has been successfully installed during
July/August 2000 at the Paranal Observatory and is now operational for
spectroscopic mask cutting, compliant with the requested specifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125872 </DOCNO>
Chandra observations of the X-ray jet in 3C66B


  Our Chandra observation of the FRI radio galaxy 3C66B has resulted in the
first detection of an X-ray counterpart to the previously known radio,
infra-red and optical jet. The X-ray jet is detected up to 7 arcsec from the
core and has a steep X-ray spectrum, alpha ~ 1.3 +/- 0.1. The overall X-ray
flux density and spectrum of the jet are consistent with a synchrotron origin
for the X-ray emission. However, the inner knot in the jet has a higher ratio
of X-ray to radio emission than the others. This suggests that either two
distinct emission processes are present or that differences in the acceleration
mechanism are required; there may be a contribution to the inner knot's
emission from an inverse-Compton process or it may be the site of an early
strong shock in the jet. The peak of the brightest radio and X-ray knot is
significantly closer to the nucleus in the X-ray than in the radio, which may
suggest that the knots are privileged sites for high-energy particle
acceleration. 3C66B's jet is similar both in overall spectral shape and in
structural detail to those in more nearby sources such as M87 and Centaurus A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96494 </DOCNO>
The conformal plate buckling equation


  We study the conformal plate buckling equation (Laplace--Beltrami)^2 u =1,
where the L-B operator is for the metric g = e^{2u}g_0, with $g_0$ the standard
Euclidean metric on R^2. This conformal elliptic PDE of fourth order is
equivalent to the nonlinear system of elliptic PDEs of second order, Delta u
+K_g e^(2u)=0, Delta K_g + e^(2u)=0, with x in R^2, describing a conformally
flat surface with a Gauss curvature function K_g that is generated
self-consistently through the metric's conformal factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96409 </DOCNO>
Realizations of the Lie superalgebra q(2) and applications


  The Lie superalgebra q(2) and its class of irreducible representations V_p of
dimension 2p (p being a positive integer) are considered. The action of the
q(2) generators on a basis of V_p is given explicitly, and from here two
realizations of q(2) are determined. The q(2) generators are realized as
differential operators in one variable x, and the basis vectors of V_p as
2-arrays of polynomials in x. Following such realizations, it is observed that
the Hamiltonian of certain physical models can be written in terms of the q(2)
generators. In particular, the models given here as an example are the
sphaleron model, the Moszkowski model and the Jaynes-Cummings model. For each
of these, it is shown how the q(2) realization of the Hamiltonian is helpful in
determining the spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168298 </DOCNO>
Monotones and invariants for multi-particle quantum states


  We introduce new entanglement monotones which generalize, to the case of many
parties, those which give rise to the majorization-based partial ordering of
bipartite states' entanglement. We give some examples of restrictions they
impose on deterministic and probabilistic conversion between multipartite
states via local actions and classical communication. These include
restrictions which do not follow from any bipartite considerations. We derive
supermultiplicativity relations between each state's monotones and the
monotones for collective processing when the parties share several states. We
also investigate polynomial invariants under local unitary transformations, and
show that a large class of these are invariant under collective unitary
processing and also multiplicative, putting restrictions, for example, on the
exact conversion of multiple copies of one state to multiple copies of another.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99048 </DOCNO>
Geometric Phases of the Uhlmann and Sjoqvist et al Types for O(3)-Orbits


  We accept the implicit challenge of A. Uhlmann in his 1994 paper, "Parallel
Lifts and Holonomy along Density Operators: Computable Examples Using
O(3)-Orbits," by, in fact, computing the holonomy invariants for rotations of
certain n-level Gibbsian density matrices (n = 2,...,11). From these, we
derive, by the tracing operation, the associated geometric phases and
visibilities, which we analyze and display. We then proceed analogously,
implementing the alternative methodology presented by E. Sjoqvist et al in
their letter, "Geometric Phases for Mixed States in Interferometry" (Phys. Rev.
Lett. 85, 2845 [2000]). For the Uhlmann case, we are able to also compute
several higher-order invariants. We compare the various geometric phases and
visibilities for different values of n, and also directly compare the two forms
of analysis. By setting one parameter (a) in the Uhlmann analysis to zero, we
find that the so-reduced form of the first-order holonomy invariant is simply
equal to (-1)^{n+1} times the holonomy invariant in the Sj\"oqvist et al
method. Additional phenomena of interest are reported too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76217 </DOCNO>
The anomalous chiral Lagrangian of order $p^6$


  We construct the effective chiral Lagrangian for chiral perturbation theory
in the mesonic odd-intrinsic-parity sector at order $p^6$. The Lagrangian
contains 24 in principle measurable terms and no contact terms for the general
case of $N_f$ light flavours, 23 terms for three and 5 for two flavours. In the
two flavour case we need a total of 13 terms if an external singlet vector
field is included. We discuss and implement the methods used to reduce to a
minimal set. The infinite parts needed for renormalization are calculated and
presented as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83986 </DOCNO>
L-Fuzzy Valued Inclusion Measure, L-Fuzzy Similarity and L-Fuzzy


  The starting point of this paper is the introduction of a new measure of
inclusion of fuzzy set A in fuzzy set B. Previously used inclusion measures
take values in the interval [0,1]; the inclusion measure proposed here takes
values in a Boolean lattice. In other words, inclusion is viewed as an L-fuzzy
valued relation between fuzzy sets. This relation is re exive, antisymmetric
and transitive, i.e. it is a fuzzy order relation; in addition it possesess a
number of properties which various authors have postulated as axiomatically
appropriate for an inclusion measure. We also define an L-fuzzy valued measure
of similarity between fuzzy sets and and an L-fuzzy valued distance function
between fuzzy sets; these possess properties analogous to the ones of
real-valued similarity and distance functions.
  Keywords: Fuzzy Relations, inclusion measure, subsethood, L-fuzzy sets,
similarity, distance, transitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168729 </DOCNO>
Bell's theorem with and without inequalities for the three-qubit


  A proof of Bell's theorem without inequalities valid for both inequivalent
classes of three-qubit entangled states under local operations assisted by
classical communication, namely Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and W, is
described. This proof leads to a Bell inequality that allows more conclusive
tests of Bell's theorem for three-qubit systems. Another Bell inequality
involving both tri- and bipartite correlations is introduced which illustrates
the different violations of local realism exhibited by the GHZ and W states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113633 </DOCNO>
Superparticles from the Initial Universe and deduction of the Fine


  In a previous work it was shown that the gravitational and inertial masses
are correlated by an adimensional factor, which depends on the incident
radiation upon the particle. It was also shown that there is a direct
correlation between the radiation absorbed by the particle and its
gravitational mass, independently of the inertial mass. This finding has
fundamental consequences to Unified Field Theory and Quantum Cosmology. Only in
the absence of electromagnetic radiation the mentioned factor becomes equal to
one. On the other hand, in specific electromagnetic conditions, it can be
reduced, nullified or made negative. This means that there is the possibility
of the gravitational masses can be reduced, nullified and made negative by
means of electromagnetic radiation. This unexpected theoretical result was
recently confirmed by an experiment (gr-qc/0005107). A fundamental consequence
of the mentioned correlation is that , in specific ultra-high energy
conditions, the gravitational and electromagnetic fields can be described by
the same Hamiltonian , i.e., in these circumstances, they are unified. Such
conditions can have occurred inclusive in the Initial Universe , before the
first spontaneous breaking of symmetry. Taking as base this discovery, and
starting from the gravitational mass of superparticles from the Initial
Universe we show here that it is possible to deduce the reciprocal fine
structure constant and the uncertainty principle directly from the Gravitation
Theory(Unified Theory).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123959 </DOCNO>
An introduction to artificial neural networks


  Artificial neural networks are algorithms which have been developed to tackle
a range of computational problems. These range from modelling brain function to
making predictions of time-dependent phenomena to solving hard (NP-complete)
problems. In this introduction we describe a single, yet very important, type
of network known as a feedforward network. This network is a mathematical model
which can be trained to learn an arbitrarily complex relationship between a
data and a parameter domain, so can be used to solve interpolation and
classification problems. We discuss the structure, training and interpretation
of these networks, and their implementation, taking the classification of
stellar spectra as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149174 </DOCNO>
Superpartner Solutions of a BPS Monopole in Noncommutative Space


  We construct U(2) BPS monopole superpartner solutions in N=2 non-commutative
super Yang-Mills theory. Calculation to the second order in the noncommutative
parameter $\theta$ shows that there is no electric quadrupole moment that is
expected from the magnetic dipole structure of noncommtative U(2) monopole.
This might give an example of the nature of how supersymmetry works not
changing between the commutative and noncommutative theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179207 </DOCNO>
Statistical Multifragmentation in Thermodynamical Limit: An Exact


  An exact analytical solution of the statistical multifragmentation model is
found in thermodynamic limit. Excluded volume effects are taken into account in
the thermodynamically self-consistent way. The model exhibits a 1-st order
phase transition of the liquid-gas type. An extension of the model including
the Fisher's term is also studied. The possibility of the second order phase
transition at or above the critical point is discussed. The mixed phase region
of the phase diagram, where the gas of nuclear fragments coexists with the
infinite liquid condensate, is unambiguously identified. The peculiar
thermodynamic properties of the model near the boundary between the mixed phase
and the pure gaseous phase are studied. The results for the caloric curve and
specific heat are presented and a physical picture of the nuclear liquid-gas
phase transition is clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97508 </DOCNO>
On linear operators with p-nuclear adjoints


  If $p\in [1,+\infty]$ and $T$ is a linear operator with $p$-nuclear adjoint
from a Banach space $ X$ to a Banach space $Y$ then if one of the spaces $X^*$
or $Y^{***}$ has the approximation property, then $T$ belongs to the ideal
$N^p$ of operators which can be factored through diagonal oparators $l_{p'}\to
l_1.$ On the other hand, there is a Banach space $W$ such that $W^{**}$ has a
basis and such that for each $p\in [1,+\infty], p\neq 2,$ there exists an
operator $T: W^{**}\to W$ with $p$-nuclear adjoint that is not in the ideal
$N^p,$ as an operator from $W^{**}$ to $ W.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148779 </DOCNO>
An N=8 Superaffine Malcev Algebra and Its N=8 Sugawara


  A supersymmetric affinization of the algebra of octonions is introduced. It
satisfies a super-Malcev property and is N=8 supersymmetric. Its Sugawara
construction recovers, in a special limit, the non-associative N=8 superalgebra
of Englert et al. This paper extends to supersymmetry the results obtained by
Osipov in the bosonic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124859 </DOCNO>
A Chandra Study of the Circinus Galaxy Point-Source Population


  We have used the Chandra X-ray Observatory to resolve spatially and
spectrally the X-ray emission from the Circinus Galaxy. We report here on the
nature of the X-ray emission from the off-nuclear point sources associated with
the disk of Circinus. We find that many of the serendipitous X-ray sources are
concentrated along the optical disk of the galaxy, but few have optical
counterparts within 1" of their X-ray positions down to V=23-25. At 3.8 Mpc,
their intrinsic 0.5-10 keV luminosities range from approx. 2E37 erg/s to 4E39
erg/s. One quarter of the sources are variable over the duration of the 67 ks
observation, and spectral fitting of these off-nuclear sources shows a diverse
range of spectral properties. The properties of the two strongest off-nuclear
sources are remarkable, with average X-ray luminosities of 3.7E39 erg/s and
3.4E39 erg/s. The former displays large and periodic flux variations every 7.5
hr and is well fit by a multicolor blackbody accretion-disk model with
T_in=1.35 keV, properties consistent with an eclipsing >50 M_sun black-hole
binary. The latter appears to be a young supernova remnant, as it coincides
with a non-thermal radio counterpart and an H\alpha-detected HII region. This
source exhibits both long-term (approx. 4 yr) X-ray variability and a 6.67-6.97
keV iron emission-line blend with a 1.6 keV equivalent width. These two objects
further support the notion that super-Eddington X-ray sources in nearby
galaxies can be explained by a mixture of intermediate-mass black holes in
X-ray binaries and young supernova remnants. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179472 </DOCNO>
Nuclear equation of state and spectral functions


  An overview is given of the theoretical work on nucleon spectral functions in
finite nuclei. The consequences of the observed spectral strength distribution
are then considered in the context of the nuclear-matter saturation problem.
Arguments are presented suggesting that short-range correlations are mainly
responsible for the actual value of the observed charge density in 208Pb and by
extension for the empirical value of the saturation density of nuclear matter.
This observation combined with the general understanding of the spectroscopic
strength suggests that a renewed study of nuclear matter, emphasizing the
self-consistent determination of the spectral strength due to short-range and
tensor correlations, may shed light on the perennial nuclear saturation
problem. First results using such a scheme are presented. Arguments are
discussed that clarify the role of long-range correlations and their relevance
for nuclear saturation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99011 </DOCNO>
Homological algebra of multivalued action functionals


  We outline a cohomological treatment for multivalued (classical) action
functionals. We point out that an application of Takens' theorem, after
Zuckerman, Deligne and Freed, allows to conclude that multivalued functionals
yield globally defined variational equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85886 </DOCNO>
Plunge waveforms from inspiralling binary black holes


  We study the coalescence of non-spinning binary black holes from near the
innermost stable circular orbit down to the final single rotating black hole.
We use a technique that combines the full numerical approach to solve Einstein
equations, applied in the truly non-linear regime, and linearized perturbation
theory around the final distorted single black hole at later times. We compute
the plunge waveforms which present a non negligible signal lasting for $t\sim
100M$ showing early non-linear ringing, and we obtain estimates for the total
gravitational energy and angular momentum radiated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86617 </DOCNO>
Variational equations of Lagrangian systems and Hamilton's principle


  We discuss a recently proposed variational principle for deriving the
variational equations associated to any Lagrangian system. The principle gives
simultaneously the Lagrange and the variational equations of the system. We
define a new Lagrangian in an extended configuration space ---which we call
D'Alambert's--- comprising both the original coordinates and the compatible
``virtual displacements'' joining two solutions of the original system. The
variational principle is Hamilton's with the new Lagrangian. We use this
formulation to obtain constants of motion in the Jacobi equations of any
Lagrangian system with symmetries. These constants are related to constants in
the original system and so with symmetries of the original Lagrangian. We cast
our approach in an intrinsic coordinate free formulation. Our results can be of
interest for reducing the dimensions of the equations that characterize
perturbations in a Lagrangian control system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75949 </DOCNO>
A Lattice Calculation of Thermal Dilepton Rates


  Using clover improved Wilson fermions we calculate thermal vector meson
correlation functions above the deconfinement phase transition of quenched QCD.
At temperatures 1.5 Tc and 3Tc they are found to differ by less than 15% from
that of a freely propagating quark anti-quark pair. This puts severe
constraints on the dilepton production rate and in particular rules out a
strong divergence of the dilepton rate at low energies. The vector spectral
function, which has been reconstructed using the Maximum Entropy Method, yields
an enhancement of the dilepton rate over the Born rate of at most a factor two
in the energy interval 4 < E/T < 8 and suggests that the spectrum is cut-off at
low energies by a thermal mass threshold of about (2-3)T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76936 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic and entropy perturbations in cosmology


  This PhD thesis presents a study of the effect and generation of
non-adiabatic perturbations in Cosmology. We study adiabatic (curvature) and
entropy (isocurvature) perturbations produced during a period of cosmological
inflation that is driven by multiple scalar fields with an arbitrary
interaction potential. A local rotation in field space is performed to separate
out the adiabatic and entropy modes. The resulting field equations show
explicitly how on large scales entropy perturbations can source adiabatic
perturbations if the background solution follows a curved trajectory in field
space, and how adiabatic perturbations cannot source entropy perturbations in
the long-wavelength limit. We show why one in general expects the adiabatic and
entropy perturbations to be correlated at the end of inflation. Then, we
consider two-field preheating after inflation, examining conditions under which
entropy perturbations can alter the large-scale curvature perturbation and
showing how our new formalism has advantages in numerical stability when the
background solution follows a non-trivial trajectory in field space. Then we
compare the latest cosmic microwave background data with theoretical
predictions including correlated adiabatic and CDM isocurvature perturbations.
We find that there is a degeneracy between the amplitude of correlated
isocurvature perturbations and the spectral tilt. We then study perturbations
in Randall-Sundrum-type brane-world cosmologies. The density perturbations
generate Weyl curvature in the bulk, which in turn backreacts on the brane via
stress-energy perturbations. Bulk effects produce a non-adiabatic mode, even
when the matter perturbations are adiabatic, and alter the background dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2978 </DOCNO>
Optical Properties of Crystals with Spatial Dispersion: Josephson Plasma


  We derive the transmission coefficient, $T(\omega)$, for grazing incidence of
crystals with spatial dispersion accounting for the excitation of multiple
modes with different wave vectors ${\bf k}$ for a given frequency $\omega$. The
generalization of the Fresnel formulas contains the refraction indices of these
modes as determined by the dielectric function $\epsilon(\omega,{\bf k})$. Near
frequencies $\omega_e$, where the group velocity vanishes, $T(\omega)$ depends
also on an additional parameter determined by the crystal microstructure. The
transmission $T$ is significantly suppressed, if one of the excited modes is
decaying into the crystal. We derive these features microscopically for the
Josephson plasma resonance in layered superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41659 </DOCNO>
Viability of bi-maximal solution of the Zee mass matrix


  We know $L_e-L_\mu-L_\tau$ symmetry gives $m^2_1= m^2_2 >> m^2_3$ pattern in
Zee model. $\Delta m^2_\odot$ emerges from a small breaking of this symmetry.
Because this symmetry is broken very weakly $\theta_\odot$ does not deviate
much from $\tan^2 \theta_\odot=1$ which is its value in the symmetric limit.
This gives a mismatch with LMA solution where mixing is large but not exactly
maximal. We confront this property of Zee mass matrix by phenomenologically
analyzing recent results from solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation
experiments at various confidence levels. We conclude that LOW type solution is
compatible with the Zee mass matrix at 99% confidence level when atmospheric
neutrino deficit is explained by maximal $\nu_\mu \leftrightarrow \nu_\tau$
oscillation. Thus the minimal version of the Zee model even though disfavored
by the LMA type or VO type solutions, is compatible with LOW type solution of
solar neutrino problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75192 </DOCNO>
Future Measurements of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at HERMES


  Prospects for future measurements of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at
HERMES are studied using different simple models for parameterizations of
generalized parton distributions (GPDs). Measurements of the lepton charge and
lepton beam helicity asymmetry will yield important input for theoretical
models towards the future extraction of GPDs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76493 </DOCNO>
A New Basis for QED Bound State Computations


  A simple method to compute QED bound state properties is presented, in which
binding energy effects are treated non-perturbatively. It is shown that to take
the effects of all ladder Coulomb photon exchanges into account, one can simply
perform the derivative of standard QED amplitudes with respect to the external
momentum. For example, the derivative of the light-by-light scattering
amplitude gives an amplitude for orthopositronium decay to three photons where
any number of Coulomb photon exchanges between the e-e+ is included.
  Various applications are presented. From them, it is shown that binding
energy must be treated non-perturbatively in order to preserve the analyticity
of positronium decay amplitudes.
  Interesting perspectives for quarkonium physics are briefly sketched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95417 </DOCNO>
Proper holomorphic discs in C^2


  In this paper we investigate the global behavior of proper holomorphic maps f
from the unit disc U={|z|<1} to C^2. The fact that U is transcendental imposes
certain restrictions on the image f(U). For instance, f(U) cannot be contained
in any proper complex cone in C^2 since this would force it to be algebraic. On
the other hand, we show that a real cone in C^2 with axis R^2 contains the
image of a proper holomorphic map f from U to C^2 if and only if the angle of
the cone is larger than pi/2. We also construct maps f as above whose images
avoid both coordinate axes in C^2. Equivalently, we construct a pair of
positive harmonic functions u, v on U such that max{u(z),v(z)} tends to plus
infinity when z tends to the boundary of U. Furthermore we show that the
components f_1, f_1 of a proper holomorphic map from U to C^2, as well as
polynomial and certain rational functions of f_1 and f_2, have the property
that their essential range at any boundary point of U omits at most a polar set
in C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168017 </DOCNO>
Von Neumann's Formulation of Quantum Theory and the Role of Mind in


  Orthodox Copenhagen quantum theory renounces the quest to understand the
reality in which we are imbedded, and settles for practical rules that describe
connections between our observations. Many physicist have believed that this
renunciation of the attempt describe nature herself was premature, and John von
Neumann, in a major work, reformulated quantum theory as theory of the evolving
objective universe. In the course of his work he converted to a benefit what
had appeared to be a severe deficiency of the Copenhagen interpretation, namely
its introduction into physical theory of the human observers. He used this
subjective element of quantum theory to achieve a significant advance on the
main problem in philosophy, which is to understand the relationship between
mind and matter. That problem had been tied closely to physical theory by the
works of Newton and Descartes. The present work examines the major problems
that have appeared to block the development of von Neumann's theory into a
fully satisfactory theory of Nature, and proposes solutions to these problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123850 </DOCNO>
Entropy Evolution in Galaxy Groups and Clusters; A Comparison of


  X-ray observations of hot gas in galaxy groups indicate higher entropies than
can be achieved in the accretion shocks as it fell into the dark halos. It has
been proposed that this entropy excess results from some universal external
heating process in the early universe - AGN, population III stars, etc. - that
occurred before most of the gas entered the dark halos. Alternatively, the hot
gas in groups may be heated internally by Type II supernovae when the galactic
stars formed. We investigate here the gas-dynamical consequences of various
amounts of external, high redshift heating and compare with internal supernova
heating. Radiative losses and distributed mass dropout are included. We find
that externally heated flows are unsatisfactory; when the heating is high
enough to bring the X-ray luminosities into agreement with observations, the
gas entropy is too high. Flows internally heated by Type II supernovae are
preferred. Our results are insensitive to the epoch and spatial distribution of
the supernova heating process. However, with a Salpeter IMF a large fraction of
the energy produced by supernovae must heat the hot gas. Alternatively, only
about 20 percent of the Type II supernova energy would be required to heat the
gas if the initial mass function is flatter than Salpeter, as suggested by
stellar mass to light ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95755 </DOCNO>
Supplement to the paper "Floating bundles and their applications"


  This paper is the supplement to the section 2 of the paper "Floating bundles
and their applications" (math.AT/0102054). Below we construct the denumerable
set of extensions of the formal group of geometric cobordisms $F(x\otimes
1,1\otimes x)$ by the Hopf algebra $H=\Omega_U^*(Gr).$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169546 </DOCNO>
Stationary states of Jaynes-Cummings model with atomic center-of-mass


  The eigenstate problem of the Jaynes-Cummings model on the basis of complete
Hamiltonian, including the center-of -mass kinetic energy operator, is treated.
The energy spectrum and wave functions in standing-wave (SW)- and
counterpropagating waves (CPW)- cases are calculated and compared with each
other. It is shown that in CPW-case i) the atomic momentum distribution is
asymmetric and somewhat narrower in general; ii) the concept of quasimomentum
is not applicable and instead the ordinary momentum concerns the problem; iii)
atomic and photonic state distributions are self-consistent, and, in
consequence iiii) mean number of photons in the counterpropagating traveling
waves and mean atomic momentum match. Explicit analytic expressions for energy
eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are found in Tavis -Cummings-type approximation
[Phys. Rev. 170, 379(1968)] and is pointed, that it implies only the
bounded-like states for atomic center-of-mass motion. It is also shown that if
the recoil energy is taken into account, the Doppleron resonance is split into
two branches, one of which diverges to Bragg-like resonance in the high-order
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4860 </DOCNO>
Sampling rare events: statistics of local sequence alignments


  A new method to simulate probability distributions in regions where the
events are VERY unlikely (e.g. p ~ 10^{-40}) is presented. The basic idea is to
represent the underlying probability space by the phase space of a physical
system. The system is held at a temperature T, which is chosen such that the
system preferably generates configurations which originally have low
probabilities. Since the distribution of such a physical system is know from
statistical physics, the original unbiased distribution can be obtained.
  As an application, local alignment of protein sequences based on BLOSUM62
substitution scores with (12,1) affine gap costs are considered The
distribution of optimum sequence-alignment scores S is studied numerically over
a large range of scores.
  The deviation of p(S) from the extreme-value (or Gumbel) distribution is
quantified. This deviation decreases with growing sequence length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148626 </DOCNO>
Virtual Reality in the World of Holograms


  If we assume that the initial conditions for the universe were such that
there was no volume-extensive entropy `at the beginning of time' (which is true
in Linde's chaotic inflation), we can formulate a covariant holographic bound
on the entanglement entropy inside or outside closed space-like surfaces. This
bound should hold even for regions where the coarse-grained entropy exceeds the
surface area. We find that Bousso's bound gives strong support for this
conjecture. We also present a speculative interpretation of the entropy bound,
according to which any observer of interest can be surrounded by a holographic
screen, providing a non-redundant description of the rest of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86785 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Non Singular Black Hole in Tetrad Theory of Gravitation


  The field equations of a special class of tetrad theory of gravitation have
been applied to tetrad space having three unknown functions of radial
coordinate. The spherically symmetric vacuum stress-energy momentum tensor with
one assumption concerning its specific form generates two non-trivial different
exact analytic solutions for these field equations. For large $r$, the exact
analytic solutions coincide with the Schwarzschild solution, while for small
$r$, they behave in a manner similar to the de Sitter solution and describe a
spherically symmetric black hole singularity free everywhere. The solutions
obtained give rise to two different tetrad structures, but having the same
metric, i.e., a static spherically symmetric nonsingular black hole metric. We
then, calculated the energy associated with these two exact analytic solutions
using the superpotential method. We find that unless the time-space components
of the tetrad go to zero faster than $ \displaystyle{1 \over \sqrt{r}}$ at
infinity, the two solutions give different results. This fact implies that the
time-space components of the tetrad must vanish faster than $\displaystyle{1
\over \sqrt{r}}$ at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2235 </DOCNO>
Peierls Distortion in Two-Dimensional Tight-Binding Model


  The Peierls distortions in a two-dimensional electron-lattice system
described by a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger type model extended to two-dimensions are
numerically studied for a square lattice. The electronic band is just
half-filled and the nesting vector is ($\pi/a$, $\pi/a$) with $a$ the lattice
constant. In contrast to the previous understanding on the Peierls transition
in two dimensions, the distortions which are determined so as to minimize the
total energy of the system involve not only the Fourier component with the
nesting wave vector but also many other components with wave vectors parallel
to the nesting vector. It is found that such unusual distortions contribute to
the formation of gap in the electronic energy spectrum by indirectly (in the
sense of second order perturbation) connecting two states having wave vectors
differing by the nesting vector from each other. Analyses for different system
sizes and for different electron-lattice coupling constants indicate that the
existence of such distortions is not a numerical artifact. It is shown that the
gap of the electronic energy spectrum is finite everywhere over the Fermi
surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114454 </DOCNO>
The dynamical equation of the spinning electron


  By invariance arguments we obtain the relativistic and non-relativistic
invariant dynamical equations of the spinning electron. The dynamics can be
expressed in terms of the evolution of the point charge which satisfies a
fourth order differential equation or, alternatively, by describing the
evolution of both the center of mass and center of charge of the particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126289 </DOCNO>
On the redshift cut-off for steep-spectrum radio sources


  We use three samples (3CRR, 6CE and 6C*) selected at low radio frequency to
constrain the cosmic evolution in the radio luminosity function (RLF) for the
`most luminous' steep-spectrum radio sources. Although intrinsically rare, such
sources give the largest possible baseline in redshift for the complete
flux-density-limited samples currently available. Using parametric models to
describe the RLF which incorporate distributions in radio spectral shape and
linear size as well as the usual luminosity and redshift, we find that the data
are consistent with a constant comoving space density between z~2.5 and z~4.5.
We find this model is favoured over a model with similar evolutionary behaviour
to that of optically-selected quasars (i.e. a roughly Gaussian distribution in
redshift) with a probability ratio of ~25:1 and ~100:1 for spatially-flat
cosmologies with Omega_Lambda = 0 and Omega_Lambda = 0.7 respectively. Within
the uncertainties, this evolutionary behaviour may be reconciled with the
shallow decline preferred for the comoving space density of flat-spectrum
sources by Dunlop & Peacock (1990) and Jarvis & Rawlings (2000), in line with
the expectations of Unified Schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126547 </DOCNO>
Deep HST WFPC2 Photometry of M31's Thick Disk(?)


  We present deep color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) for a field along the outer
disk of M31 based on archival Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary
Camera 2 observations in the F555W (~V) and F814W (~I) filters. The CMDs, which
contain a total of about 50,000 stars, feature a prominent red giant branch
(RGB) along with a significant population of helium burning red clump stars. In
addition, they exhibit the rarely seen asymptotic giant branch clump as well as
a weak `Pop II' horizontal branch. There is also the hint of a ~2 Gyr subgiant
branch at the faintest levels of the CMDs. After adopting an M31 distance of
(m-M)o = 24.5 and a reddening of E(B-V) = 0.08, we draw the following
conclusions. 1) The I-band absolute magnitude of the helium burning red clump
stars is M(RC) = -0.29 +/- 0.05, which is in accord with the value derived from
Hipparcos parallaxes of solar neighborhood clump stars by Stanek & Garnavich.
2) The metallicity distribution function constructed from bright RGB stars
shows a characteristic shape; however, a pure halo population consisting of
metal-poor and intermediate metallicity components (as advocated in the
literature) are not sufficient to account for this shape. Instead, an
additional Gaussian component with <[Fe/H]> = -0.22 +/- 0.26, comprising 70% of
the total number of stars, is required. 3) A comparison of our CMD with
theoretical isochrones indicates that the majority of stars in our M31 field
have ages that are >~1.5 Gyr. 4) These points, along with the physical location
of our field in M31, suggest that we are observing the thick disk population of
this galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126072 </DOCNO>
Supersolar metal abundances and the Broad Line Region of Narrow-line


  Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLSy1) are intriguing due to their extreme
continuum and emission line properties which are not yet well understood. This
paper is motivated by the recent suggestion that NLSy1 galaxies might be young
active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and that they may have supersolar metal
abundances. We have examined the stability of broad emission line region (BLR)
clouds under isobaric perturbation and its dependence on gas metal abundances.
We show that supersolar metallicity increases the range where multiple phases
in pressure balance may exist. This is particularly important for NLSy1s with
steep X-ray spectra where it delays the trend of hindrance of a multi-phase
equilibrium. Finally, the role of warm absorbers in the context of this
scenario is assessed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75162 </DOCNO>
T-violating effects in three flavor neutrino oscillations in matter


  In this talk, we consider the interplay of fundamental and matter-induced
T-violating effects in neutrino oscillations in matter. We present a simple
approximative analytical formula for the T-violating probability asymmetry for
three flavor neutrino oscillations in matter with an arbitrary density profile.
We also discuss some implications of the obtained results. Since there are no
T-violating effects in two flavor neutrino case (in the limit of vanshing
$\theta_{13}$ or $\Delta m_{21}^2$, the three flavor neutrino oscillations
reduces to the two flavor ones), the T-violating probability asymmetry can, in
principle, provide a way to measure $\theta_{13}$ and $\Delta m_{21}^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148040 </DOCNO>
Modified N=1 Green-Schwarz superstring with irreducible first class


  We propose modified action which is equivalent to N=1 Green-Schwarz
superstring and which allows one to realize the supplementation trick [26].
Fermionic first and second class constraints are covariantly separated, the
first class constraints (1CC) turn out to be irreducible. We discuss also
equations of motion in the covariant gauge for $\kappa$-symmetry. It is shown
how the usual Fock space picture can be obtained in this gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40848 </DOCNO>
Astroparticle Aspects of Supersymmetry


  After recalling the motivations for expecting supersymmetry to appear at
energies below 1 TeV, the reasons why the lightest supersymmetric particle is
an ideal candidate for cold dark matter are reviewed from a historical
perspective. Recent calculations of the relic density including coannihilations
and rapid annihilations through direct-channel Higgs boson poles are presented.
The experimental constraints from LEP and elsewhere on supersymmetric dark
matter are reviewed, and the prospects for its indirect or direct detection are
mentioned. The potential implications of a Higgs boson weighing about 115 GeV
and the recent measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon are
summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3590 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Can Disorder Induce a Finite Thermal Conductivity in 1D


  In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 63 (2001)], Li et al have reported
that the nonequilibrium heat conducting steady state of a disordered harmonic
chain is not unique. In this comment we point out that for a large class of
stochastic heat baths the uniqueness of the steady state can be proved, and
therefore the findings of Li et al could be either due to their use of
deterministic heat baths or insufficient equilibration times in the
simulations. We give a simple example where the uniquness of the steady state
can be explicitly demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3976 </DOCNO>
Global quantum Hall phase diagram from visibility diagrams


  We propose a construction of a global phase diagram for the quantum Hall
effect. This global phase diagram is based on our previous constructions of
visibility diagrams in the context of the Quantum Hall Effect. The topology of
the phase diagram we obtain is in good agreement with experimental observations
(when the spin effect can be neglected). This phase diagram does not show
floating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129275 </DOCNO>
Temporal properties of gamma-ray bursts as signatures of jets from the


  A comprehensive temporal analysis has been performed on the 319 brightest
GRBs with T90>2s from the BATSE current catalog. The rise times, fall times,
full-widths at half maximum (FWHM), pulse amplitudes and pulse areas were
measured and the frequency distributions are presented here. The distribution
of time intervals between pulses is not random but compatible with a lognormal
distribution when allowance was made for the 64 ms time resolution and a small
excess (5%) of long duration intervals that is often referred to as a
Pareto-Levy tail. A range of correlations are presented on pulse and burst
properties. The rise and fall times, FWHM and area of the pulses are highly
correlated with each other. The time intervals between pulses and pulse
amplitudes of neighbouring pulses are correlated with each other. It was also
found that the number of pulses, N, in GRBs is strongly correlated with the
fluence and the duration and that can explain the well known correlation
between duration and fluence. The GRBs were sorted into three catagories based
on N i.e. 3<=N<=12, 13<=N<=24, N>=25. The properties of pulses before and after
the stongest pulse were compared for the three catagories of bursts. This
analysis revealed that the GRBs with large numbers of pulses have narrower and
faster pulses and also larger fluences, longer durations and higher hardness
ratios than the GRBs with smaller numbers of pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1189 </DOCNO>
Extremely small energy gap in the quasi-one dimensional conducting chain


  Resistivity, optical, and angle-resolved photoemission experiments reveal
unusual one-dimensional electronic properties of highly anisotropic SrNbO_3.41.
We find a very small energy gap at the Fermi level only a few meV in size, and
a shadow of the main band. For these unique properties both electron-phonon and
electron-electron interaction are relevant yet do not provide a satisfactory
explanation. It appears that the interplay of electrons on the conducting
chains and the surrounding highly polarizable medium is of importance as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74808 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Polarization Contributions to Radiative-Recoil Corrections to


  We calculate radiative-recoil corrections of order
$\alpha^2(Z\alpha)(m/M)E_F$ to hyperfine splitting in muonium generated by the
diagrams with electron and muon polarization loops. These corrections are
enhanced by the large logarithm of the electron-muon mass ratio. The leading
logarithm cubed and logarithm squared contributions were obtained a long time
ago. The single-logarithmic and nonlogarithmic contributions calculated here
improve the theory of hyperfine splitting, and affect the value of the
electron-muon mass ratio extracted from the experimental data on the muonium
hyperfine splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 392 </DOCNO>
Effects of geometric anisotropy on local field distribution:


  We have applied the Ewald-Kornfeld formulation to a tetragonal lattice of
point dipoles, in an attempt to examine the effects of geometric anisotropy on
the local field distribution. The various problems encountered in the
computation of the conditionally convergent summation of the near field are
addressed and the methods of overcoming them are discussed. The results show
that the geometric anisotropy has a significant impact on the local field
distribution. The change in the local field can lead to a generalized
Clausius-Mossotti equation for the anisotropic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125249 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of Uranium/Thorium ratio in a very old Star:


  During an ESO-VLT large program devoted to high-resolution spectroscopy of
extremely metal-poor stars selected from the H&K survey of Beers and
colleagues, a [Fe/H] giant star was found to be as enriched in neutron-capture
r-process elements as CS 22892-052, but with a much reduced masking by
molecular lines. This allowed the detection and the measurement of the uranium
line at 3859 A, for the first time in an extremely old star. Making use of the
short 238U decay time (4.47 Gyr) we obtained a radioactive dating of the
formation of U and Th in of this star, born in the early days of the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97207 </DOCNO>
Correction to the paper "Duality and Flat Base Change on Formal Schemes"


  In section 8.3 of our paper "Duality and Flat Base Change on Formal Schemes"
(http://arXiv.org/abs/alg-geom/9708006) some important results concerning
localization of, and preservation of coherence by, basic duality functors, were
based on the false statement that any closed formal subscheme of an open
subscheme of the completion P of a relative projective space is an open
subscheme of a closed formal subscheme of P. In this note, the said results are
provided with solid foundations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168646 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic implementation of universal quantum processors


  We present a probabilistic quantum processor for qudits. The processor itself
is represented by a fixed array of gates. The input of the processor consists
of two registers. In the program register the set of instructions (program) is
encoded. This program is applied to the data register. The processor can
perform any operation on a single qudit of the dimension N with a certain
probability. If the operation is unitary, the probability is in general 1/N^2,
but for more restricted sets of operators the probability can be higher. In
fact, this probability can be independent of the dimension of the qudit Hilbert
space of the qudit under some conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41192 </DOCNO>
Search for Gluinos and Squarks Using Like-Sign Dileptons in p-pbar


  We present results of the first search for like-sign dilepton (ee, e\mu,
\mu\mu) events associated with multijets and large missing energy using 106
pb^-1 of data in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV collected during 1992-95
by the CDF experiment. Finding no events that pass our selection, we examine
pair-production of gluinos and squarks in a constrained framework of the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. At tan_beta = 2 and \mu=-800 GeV/c^2, we
set 95% confidence level limits of M(gluino) > 221 GeV/c^2 for M(gluino) \simeq
M(squark), and M(gluino) > 168 GeV/c^2 for M(squark) \gg M(gluino), both with
small variation as a function of \mu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73316 </DOCNO>
Renormalon-inspired resummations for vector and scalar correlators-


  We perform an all-orders resummation of the QCD Adler D-function for the
vector correlator, in which the portion of perturbative coefficients involving
the leading power of b, the first beta-function coefficient, is resummed. To
avoid a renormalization scale dependence when we match the resummation to the
exactly known NLO and NNLO results, we employ the Complete Renormalization
Group Improvement (CORGI) approach. These fixed-order and resummed CORGI
results are analytically continued by numerically performing a contour integral
to obtain corresponding fixed and all-orders ``contour-improved'' results for
the e+e- R-ratio ands its tau decay analogue R_{\tau}. The difference between
these fixed-order and all-order results is used to estimate the uncertainty in
the extraction of {alpha}_{s}({M}_{Z}^{2}} from R_{\tau} measurements, and that
in the QED coupling {\alpha}({M}_{Z}^{2}) due to hadronic corrections related
to R. Analogous resummations for the scalar correlator are performed, and used
to assess the uncertainty in the Higgs decay width to a heavy quark pair. We
point out that CORGI fixed-order contour-improved results for R and the Higgs
decay width, can be given explicitly in terms of the Lambert-W function and
hypergeometric functions, avoiding the need for numerical integration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114105 </DOCNO>
Trajectory of the harmonic oscillator in the Schreodinger wave


  A trajectory of a harmonic oscillator obeying the Schreodinger wave equation
is exactly derived and illustrated. The trajectory resembles well the classical
orbit between the turning points, and also runs through the tunneling region.
The dynamics of the `particle' motion and the wave function associated with the
motion are proposed. The period of a round trip on the trajectory is exactly
equal to that obtained in classical mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98642 </DOCNO>
The Plancherel decomposition for a reductive symmetric space II.


  We obtain the Plancherel decomposition for a reductive symmetric space in the
sense of representation theory. Our starting point is the Plancherel formula
for spherical Schwartz functions, obtained in part I (math.RT/0107063). The
formula for Schwartz functions involves Eisenstein integrals obtained by a
residual calculus. In the present paper we identify these integrals as matrix
coefficients of the generalized principal series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127508 </DOCNO>
Near Infrared Observations of the Giant HII Region W49A: A Starbirth


  W49A is one of the most luminous giant H II (GH II) regions in our Galaxy.
This star forming complex contains numerous compact and ultra-compact (UC) H II
regions, extending over an area of 15 pc. It emits about 10^{51} Lyman
continuum photons per second, equivalent to the presence of about 100 O stars,
but it is completely obscured in optical wavelengths by intervening
interstellar dust. The center holds a ``cluster'' of about 30 O stars, each
within an individual UCHII region emitting free-free emission at cm
wavelengths. Our deep K-band (2.2 um) image toward the W49A cluster reveals
just two of the individual exciting stars, each associated with a point--like
radio source, but the rest are invisible. These O stars are so recently born as
to not yet have emerged from their natal dust cocoons, in contrast to other
Galactic clusters embedded in GH II regions in which many of the individual
massive stars are already revealed. Plausibility arguments are made which
suggest that a stellar disc might be common during the entire UCH II phase of
massive star birth, as it persists after accretion ceases in some stars.
Nebular emission (e.g., from Br gamma) is visible around the periphery of the
central region of W49A, along with candidate exciting stars. Star formation
there may have preceeded that in the center, or its lower density environment
may have speeded up the dispersal of the natal dust cocoons. The W49A cluster
can serve as a template for the more luminous buried star clusters now being
found in normal galaxies and starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83944 </DOCNO>
Depth-3 Arithmetic Circuits for S^2_n(X) and Extensions of the


  We consider the problem of computing the second elementary symmetric
polynomial S^2_n(X) using depth-three arithmetic circuits of the form "sum of
products of linear forms". We consider this problem over several fields and
determine EXACTLY the number of multiplication gates required. The lower bounds
are proved for inhomogeneous circuits where the linear forms are allowed to
have constants; the upper bounds are proved in the homogeneous model. For reals
and rationals, the number of multiplication gates required is exactly n-1; in
most other cases, it is \ceil{n/2}. This problem is related to the
Graham-Pollack theorem in algebraic graph theory. In particular, our results
answer the following question of Babai and Frankl: what is the minimum number
of complete bipartite graphs required to cover each edge of a complete graph an
odd number of times? We show that for infinitely many n, the answer is
\ceil{n/2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87123 </DOCNO>
Testing angular momentum effects on the space time


  The paper contains a proposed experiment for testing the angular momentum
effect on the propagation of light around a rotating mass. The idea is to use a
rotating spherical laboratory-scale shell, around which two mutually orthogonal
light guides are wound acting as the arms of an interferometer. Numerical
estimates show that time of flight differences between the equatorial and polar
guides could be in the order of $\sim 10^{-20}$ s per loop. Using a few
thousands loops the time difference is brought in the range of feasible
interference measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75615 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Estimation of Parameters in minimal Supergravity Model


  Several parameters of the minimal supergravity model are estimated by the
method of the renormalization group. In this model, five arbitrary parameters
$(m_0, m_{1/2}, \tan{\beta}, A_0, {sig}(\mu))$ are contained. $\tan{\beta}$ is
evaluated as 7.5 by the likelihood analysis of the gauge and Yukawa coupling
constants. Further, the trilinear coupling constant $A_0$ is fixed by the
equation of $B_0=(A_0-1)m_0$ at the GUT scale $M_X \simeq 2\times10^{16}$(GeV)
and by the Higgs potential at the Z-boson mass scale $M_Z=$91(GeV). As the
results, (1) allowed $m_0-m_{1/2}$ regions, (2) the sparticle mass spectra, and
(3) the lightest supersymmetric particle mass are shown in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149712 </DOCNO>
A confining string theory derived from QCD


  We report an attempt of deriving a string representation of QCD based on a
novel vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85785 </DOCNO>
New Proposal for a 5-dimensional Theory of Kaluza-Klein type


  A new 5-dimensional Classical Unified Field Theory of Kaluza-Klein type is
formulated using 2 separate scalar fields which are related in such a way as to
make the 5-dimensional matter-geometry coupling parameter constant. It is shown
that this procedure solves the problem of the variability of the gravity
coupling parameter without having to assume a conformal invariance. The
corresponding Field equations are discussed paying particular attention to the
possible induction of scalar field gradients by Electromagnetic Fields. A new
correspondence limit in which the field equations lead to the usual
Einstein-Maxwell equations is obtained. This limit does not require the usual
condition that the usual scalar field be constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113787 </DOCNO>
The cyclic universe


  The cyclic universe model is a modification of the ekpyrotic universe and the
pyrotechnic universe models. The cyclic universe goes through the six
transitions: the triplet universe, the inflation, the big bang, the
quintessence, the big crush, and the deflation transitions. The universe starts
with eleven dimensional space-time with two boundary 9-branes separated by a
finite gap spanning an intervening bulk volume. The triplet transition starts
when the bulk 9-brane is generated from the hidden boundary 9-brane, and
collides with the pre-observable 9-brane. The collision starts the inflation
transition. The collision is the brane dimensional interference mixing between
the pre-observable 9-brane and the bulk 9-brane. The results are the mixed
branes (combined brane dimensions), the internal space (cancelled brane
dimensions), the bulk space, 3-brane vacuum, and cosmic radiation. Cosmic
radiation generated during the inflation leads to the big bang. Meanwhile, the
hidden brane undergoes stepwise fractionalization, changing in stepwise manner
from 9-brane to 3-brane. The observable universe expands in a constant rate
until the quintessence transition. Afterward, there are the big crush
transition (the reverse of the big bang) and the deflation (the reverse of the
inflation). The cosmic cycle of the fractionalization and condensation starts
over again. The masses of all elementary particles and hadrons can be
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76803 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of Standard-Model Higgs-Boson Physics at a Future


  The Higgs boson is the missing link of the Standard Model of elementary
particle physics. We review its decay properties and production mechanisms at a
future e^+ e^- linear collider and its e^- e^-, e^+- gamma, and gamma gamma
modes, with special emphasis on the influence of quantum corrections. We also
discuss how its quantum numbers and couplings can be extracted from the study
of appropriate final states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 782 </DOCNO>
Energetics and bonding properties of the Ni/$\beta$-SiC (001) interface:


  We investigate the adsorption of a Ni monolayer on the $\beta$-SiC(001)
surface by means of highly precise first-principles all-electron FLAPW
calculations.
  Total energy calculations for the Si- and C-terminated surfaces reveal high
Ni-SiC adsorption energies, with respect to other metals, confirmining the
strong reactivity and the stability of the transition metal/SiC interface.
These high binding energies, about 7.3-7.4 eV, are shown to be related to
strong $p$-$d$ hybridization, common to both surface terminations and different
adsorption sites and despite the large mismatch, can stabilize overlayer
growth. A detailed analysis of the bonding mechanism, hybridization of the
surface states, charge transfer and surface core level shifts reveals the
strong covalent character of the bonding. After a proper accounting of the
Madelung term, the core level shift is shown to follow the charge transfer
trend.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125235 </DOCNO>
On disc driven inward migration of resonantly coupled planets with


  We consider two protoplanets gravitationally interacting with each other and
a protoplanetary disc. The two planets orbit interior to a tidally maintained
disc cavity while the disc interaction indices inward migration. When the
migration is slow enough, the more rapidly migrating outer protoplanet
approaches and becomes locked in a 2:1 commensurability with the inner one.
This is maintained in subsequent evolution. We study this evolution using a
simple anaytic model, full hydrodynamic 2D simulations of the disc planet
system and longer time N body integrations incorporating simple prescriptions
for the effect of the disc on the planet orbits. The eccentricity of the
protoplanets are found to be determined by the migration rate induced in the
outer planet orbit by the external disc. We apply our results to the recently
discovered resonant planets around GJ876. Simulation shows that a disc with
parameters expected for protoplanetary discs causes trapping in the 2:1
commensurability when the planets orbit in an inner cavity and that
eccentricities in the observed range may be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113893 </DOCNO>
Intrabeam Scattering Analysis of ATF Beam Measurements


  At the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at KEK intrabeam scattering (IBS) is a
strong effect for an electron machine. It is an effect that couples all
dimensions of the beam, and in April 2000, over a short period of time, all
dimensions were measured as functions of current. In this report we derive a
simple relation for the growth rates of emittances due to IBS. We apply the
theories of Bjorken-Mtingwa, Piwinski, and a formula due to Raubenheimer to the
ATF parameters, and find that the results all agree (if in Piwinski's formalism
we replace the dispersion squared over beta by the dispersion invariant).
Finally, we compare theory, including the effect of potential well bunch
lengthening, with the April 2000 measurements, and find reasonably good
agreement in the energy spread and horizontal emittance dependence on current.
The vertical emittance measurement, however, implies that either: there is
error in the measurement (equivalent to an introduction of 0.6% x-y coupling
error), or the effect of intrabeam scattering is stronger than predicted (35%
stronger in growth rates).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174726 </DOCNO>
Investigation of background subtraction techniques for high mass


  The signals in high mass dilepton spectroscopy with nucleus-nucleus
collisions at collider energies are superimposed on a generally large
combinatorial background. Because this background contains a significant
correlated like-sign component originating from B meson decays, the "like-sign"
method to determine the background is inappropriate. We discuss strategies to
deal with the correlations in the background. By taking advantage of the B
meson oscillation mechanism and of the particular features of B meson decays a
new method to measure the bbbar production cross-section is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148831 </DOCNO>
Geometric Transition, Large N Dualities and MQCD Dynamics


  We study Vafa's geometric transition from a brane setup in M-theory. In this
transition D5 branes wrapped on P^1 cycles of a resolved conifold disappear and
are replaced by fluxes on a deformed conifold. In the limit of small sized P^1,
we describe this mechanism as a transition from curved M5 branes to plane M5
branes which replaces SU(N) MQCD by U(1) theories on the bulk. This agrees with
the results expected from the geometric transition. We also discuss the
reduction to ten dimensions and a brane creation mechanism in the presence of
fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174662 </DOCNO>
Helicity Signatures in Subthreshold rho Production on Nuclei


  We report a helicity analysis of subthreshold rho production on 2H and 12C
nuclei at low photoproduction energies and large |t|. The results are
indicative of a large longitudinal rho polarization (l=1, m=0) and are
consistent with a strong helicity-flip mechanism of rho production. The
analysis is model-independent and supports the large mass shift reported from
the earlier 3He experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114359 </DOCNO>
Implementation of JFPC (Java for Process Control) under Linux - a


  Using JAVA for process control requires the access to I/O-Hardware. This
problem is addressed in several ongoing standardisation efforts for Real Time
Java. A spin-off of these standardisation efforts is the Siemens product JFPC
(Java for Process Control), which is based on the ideas of OPC (OLE for Process
Control). It is available under the proprietary RT kernel RMOS and under
Windows NT. Based on a contract with Siemens, ZEL - the central electronics
facility of Forschungszentrum Juelich - has implemented JFPC under Linux.
Additionally, several JFPC providers, e.g for accessing industrial components
via PROFIBUS DP have been implemented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169188 </DOCNO>
The Spin


  It is shown that the spin is naturally introduced into classical mechanics if
the latter is formulated as dynamics of the phase space density. It is shown
that the uncertainty principle, as the amendment in this dynamics, restricts
possible spins, and in particular equation for the particle with the spin
$\hbar /2$ is derived. Also equation for the charge with this spin is derived
when electromagnetic field is included. In one example it is shown that the
modulus of the spin changes with the gradient of the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97290 </DOCNO>
Twisted Orbifold K-Theory


  We use equivariant methods to establish basic properties of orbifold
K-theory. We introduce the notion of twisted orbifold K-theory in the presence
of discrete torsion, and show how it can be explicitly computed for global
quotients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123814 </DOCNO>
How to Correct for Dust Absorption in Starbursts


  We review new and published results to examine how well the bolometric flux
of starbursts can be recovered from ultraviolet (UV) and optical observations.
We show that the effective absorption of starbursts can be substantial, up to
\~10 mag in the far UV, and ~5 mag in H-alpha, but apparently not as high as
some claims in the literature (several tens to a thousand mag). The bolometric
fluxes of an IUE sample of starbursts can be recovered to 0.14 dex accuracy
using the UV flux and spectral slope. However, this relationship breaks down
for Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIGs). The H-alpha flux combined with
the Balmer decrement can be used to predict the bolometric flux to 0.5 dex
accuracy for starbursts including most ULIGs. These results imply a foreground
screen component to the dust distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7409 </DOCNO>
Electrostatically Assembled Metallic Point Contacts


  We describe a method for creating atomic-scale electric contacts. A metal
source is deposited on two insulating substrates separated by a 70 nm gap.
Electric conductance across the gap is monitored, while protrusions from the
bulk extend into the gap and reach corresponding protrusions on the other side
of the gap. When the voltage across the gap is large, a pair of corresponding
protrusions assembles into a point contact, via equilibrium between
electrostatic attraction and a maximum sustained current. The current voltage
characteristics of the point contact display crossover from weak link into
tunneling junction when its conductance is near 2e2/h, indicating that the
point contact is atomic-scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148058 </DOCNO>
A superspace embedding of the Wess-Zumino model


  We embed the Wess-Zumino (WZ) model in a wider superspace than the one
described by chiral and anti-chiral superfields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7191 </DOCNO>
Charge Density Wave Formation in the Low-Temperature-Tetragonal Phase of


  We calculate the influence of transverse fluctuations on the longitudinal
dynamics in the striped phase of cuprates by using the bosonization technique.
We find that a charge density wave instability can arise if the stripe is
quarter filled and the underlying lattice potential has a zigzag symmetry. Our
results explain why static stripes are experimentally observed in underdoped
La_{2-x-y}Nd_ySr_xCuO_4 exactly at the onset of the low-temperature-tetragonal
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73317 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Couplings with Large Tensor Representations in SO(2N) and


  We develop techniques for the analysis of SO(2N) invariant couplings which
allow a full exhibition of the SU(N) invariant content of the spinor and tensor
representations. The technique utilizes a basis consisting of a specific set of
reducible SU(N) tensors in terms of which the SO(2N) invariant couplings have a
simple expansion. The technique is specially useful for couplings involving
large tensor representations. We exhibit the technique by performing a complete
determination of the trilinear couplings in the superpotential for the case of
SO(10) involving the 16 plet of matter, i.e., we give a full determination of
the ${16-16-10_s}$, ${16-16-120_a}$ and ${16-16-\bar{126}_s}$ couplings. The
possible role of large tensor representations in the generation of quark lepton
textures is discussed. It is shown that the couplings involving $\bar{126}$
dimensional representation generate extra zeros in the Higgs triplet textures
which can lead to an enhancement of the proton decay lifetime by a factor of
$10^3$. These results also have implications for neutrino mass textures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124164 </DOCNO>
Optical Structure and Physics of the M87 Jet


  We summarize HST observations of the M87 jet, concentrating on polarimetry
and spectral index maps, and compare its optical and radio structures. The
evidence now supports a stratified model for the structure of the jet, whereby
high-energy, optical synchrotron emitting particles occupy physically different
regions of the jet, closer to the jet axis, with different magnetic field
configurations. It is in these regions where the shocks that produce the knots
in the inner jet appear to originate. Knot regions have optical spectra which
are much flatter than average for the jet, with the flattest-spectrum regions
coinciding with flux maxima of knots. These same regions are preceded by
regions where perpendicular magnetic fields are seen. Thus not only do we see
all the necessary ingredients for {\it in situ} particle acceleration in the
knots, but there is now fairly direct evidence for it as well. By tracking the
changes in radio-optical and optical spectral index in the knot regions, we can
comment on acceleration and cooling timescales in each knot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97479 </DOCNO>
A class of complete embedded minimal submanifolds in noncompact


  We show that a totally geodesic submanifold of a symmetric space satisfying
certain conditions admits an extension to a minimal submanifold of dimension
one higher, and we apply this result to construct new examples of complete
embedded minimal submanifolds in simply connected noncompact globally symmetric
spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7067 </DOCNO>
Stability of the doped antiferromagnetic state of the t-t'-Hubbard model


  The next-nearest-neighbour hopping term t' is shown to stabilize the AF state
of the doped Hubbard model with respect to transverse perturbations in the
order- parameter by strongly suppressing the intraband particle-hole processes.
For a fixed sign of t', this stabilization is found to be significantly
different for electron and hole doping, which qualitatively explains the
observed difference in the degree of robustness of the AF state in the
electron-doped (Nd_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4}) and hole-doped (La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4})
cuprates. The t'-U phase diagram is obtained for both signs of the t' term,
showing the different regions of stability and instability of the doped
antiferromagnet. Doping is shown to suppress the t'-induced frustration due to
the competing interaction J'. A study of transverse spin fluctuations in the
metallic AF state reveals that the decay of magnons into particle-hole
excitations yields an interesting low-energy result \Gamma \sim \omega for
magnon damping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128085 </DOCNO>
The Supernova Remnant CTB104A : Magnetic Field Structure and Interaction


  We present new, high resolution 1420 and 408 MHz continuum images and HI and
12CO (J=1-0) spectral line maps of the diffuse supernova remnant CTB104A
(G93.7-0.3). Analysis of the complex continuum emission reveals no significant
spectral index variations across the remnant. Three prominences around CTB104A
are found to be related to the SNR, while one extension to the east is
identified as an HII region associated with a background molecular shell. Small
scale polarization and rotation measure (RM) structures are turbulent in
nature, but we find a well-ordered RM gradient across the remnant, extending
from southeast to northwest. This gradient does not agree with the direction of
the global Galactic magnetic field, but does agree with a large-scale RM
anomaly inferred from rotation measure data by Cleg et al. (1992). We show that
the observed morphology of CTB104A is consistent with expansion in a uniform
magnetic field, and this is supported by the observed RM distribution. By
modeling the RM gradient with a simple compression model we have determined the
magnetic field strength within the remnant as Bo ~ 2.3 micro G. We have
identified signatures of the interaction of CTB104A with the surrounding
neutral material, and determined its distance, from the kinematics of the HI
structure encompassing the radio emission, as 1.5 kpc. We also observed clear
breaks in the HI shell that correspond well to the positions of two of the
prominences, indicating regions where hot gas is escaping from the interior of
the SNR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128800 </DOCNO>
What have we learnt about the Sun from the measurement of the $^8$B


  By combining the results of SNO and Super-Kamiokande one can derive - in the
absence of sterile neutrinos - the total neutrino flux produced from $^8$B
decay in the Sun. We use this information to check the accuracy of several
input parameters of solar model calculations. Opacity and p-p fusion cross
section are constrained by the $^8$B flux measurement to the level of few per
cent. The central solar temperature is determined to the one-percent level. We
also find an upper limit for the flux on Earth of sterile neutrinos. We discuss
the role of nuclear physics uncertainties on these determinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74163 </DOCNO>
Exclusive Decay Amplitudes from Light-Cone Sum Rules


  We review recent developments in QCD sum rule applications to semileptonic
B->pi and D->pi transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 773 </DOCNO>
Disorder Induced Ferromagnetism in CaRuO3


  The magnetic ground state of perovskite structure CaRuO3 has been enigmatic
for decades. Here we show that paramagnetic CaRuO3 can be made ferromagnetic by
very small amounts of partial substitution of Ru by Ti. Magnetic hysteresis
loops are observed at 5 K for as little as 2% Ti substitution. Ti is
non-magnetic and isovalent with Ru, indicating that the primary effect of the
substitution is the disruption of the magnetic ground state of CaRuO3 through
disorder. The data suggest that CaRuO3 is poised at a critical point between
ferromagnetic and paramagnetic ground states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 385 </DOCNO>
Spin versus Lattice Polaron: Prediction for Electron-Doped CaMnO3


  CaMnO3 is a simple bi-partite antiferromagnet(AF) which can be continuously
electron-doped up to LaMnO3. Electrons enter the doubly degenerate E_g subshell
with spins aligned to the S=3/2 core of Mn^4+ (T_2g^3)$. We take the Hubbard
and Hund energies to be effectively infinite. Our model Hamiltonian has two E_g
orbitals per Mn atom, nearest neighbor hopping, nearest neighbor exchange
coupling of the S=3/2 cores, and electron-phonon coupling of Mn orbitals to
adjacent oxygen atoms. We solve this model for light doping. Electrons are
confined in local ferromagnetic (FM) regions (spin polarons) where there
proceeds an interesting competition between spin polarization (spin polarons)
which enlarges the polaron, and lattice polarization (Jahn-Teller polarons)
which makes it smaller. A symmetric 7-atom ferromagnetic cluster (Mn_7^27+) is
the stable result, with net spin S=2 relative to the undoped AF. The distorted
oxygen positions around the electron are predicted. The model also predicts a
critical doping x_c=0.045 where the polaronic insulator becomes unstable
relative to a FM metal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99090 </DOCNO>
A Grauert Type Theorem and Extension of Matrices with Entries in


  In the paper we prove an extension theorem for matrices with entries in
H^{\infty}(U) for U being a Riemann surface of a special type. One of the main
components of the proof is a Grauert type theorem for "holomorphic" vector
bundles defined over maximal ideal spaces of certain Banach algebras. The proof
is also based on the results of A.Brudnyi "Projections in the Space H^{\infty}
and the Corona Theorem for Coverings of Bordered Riemann Surfaces" (see my
previous submissions here).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73693 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariant Effective Lagrangian for Kaluza-Klein Modes


  We construct a manifestly gauge invariant Lagrangian in 3+1 dimensions for N
Kaluza-Klein modes of an SU(m) gauge theory in the bulk. For example, if the
bulk is 4+1, the effective theory is \Pi_{i=1}^{N+1} SU(m)_i with N chiral
(\bar{m},m) fields connecting the groups sequentially. This can be viewed as a
Wilson action for a transverse lattice in x^5, and is shown explicitly to match
the continuum 4+1 compactifed Lagrangian truncated in momentum space. Scale
dependence of the gauge couplings is described by the standard renormalization
group technique with threshold matching, leading to effective power law
running. We also discuss the unitarity constraints, and chiral fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98859 </DOCNO>
Birkhoff normal forms for Fourier integral operators II


  In this work we construct logarithms and Birkhoff normal forms for elliptic
Fourier integral operators in the semi-classical limit under more general
assumptions than in aprevious work by the first author. The methods are similar
but slightly different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87286 </DOCNO>
On gravitational interaction of fermions


  We discuss some aspects of the gravitational interaction of the relativistic
quantum particles with spin 1/2. The exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation is
constructed for the Dirac particle coupled to the static spacetime metric. The
quasi-relativistic limit of the theory is then analyzed. Using the analogous
method, we obtain the exact Cini-Touschek transformation and discuss the
ultra-relativistic limit of the fermion theory. We show that the
Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation is not uniquely defined, and the corresponding
ambiguity is deeply rooted in the relativistic quantum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4820 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Anisotropy Variations and Non-Equilibrium Tunneling in a Cobalt


  We present detailed measurements of the discrete electron-tunneling level
spectrum within nanometer-scale cobalt particles as a function of magnetic
field and gate voltage, in this way probing individual quantum many-body
eigenstates inside ferromagnetic samples. Variations among the observed levels
indicate that different quantum states within one particle are subject to
different magnetic anisotropy energies. Gate-voltage studies demonstrate that
the low-energy tunneling spectrum is affected dramatically by the presence of
non-equilibrium spin excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124284 </DOCNO>
Radio Emission from the X-ray transient XTE J1550-564


  We report multifrequency radio observations of XTE J1550-564 obtained with
the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope and the Australia Telescope
Compact Array at the time of its discovery and subsequent hard and soft X-ray
outburst in 1998 September. A large radio flare was observed, peaking about 1.8
days after the X-ray flare. In addition, we present Australian Long Baseline
Array images obtained shortly after the maximum of the radio flare which show
evolving structure. The apparent separation velocity of the two outermost
components is v>2c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97446 </DOCNO>
Approximation Properties for Crossed Products by Actions and Coactions


  We investigate approximation properties for $C^*$-algebras and their crossed
products by actions and coactions by locally compact groups. We show that
Haagerup's approximation constant is preserved for crossed products by
arbitrary amenable groups, and we show why this is not always true in the
non-amenable case. We also examine similar questions for other forms of the
approximation property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169297 </DOCNO>
Driving Hamiltonian in a Quantum Search Problem


  We examine the driving Hamiltonian in the analog analogue of Grover's
algorithm by Farhi and Gutmann. For a quantum system with a given Hamiltonian
$E|w> < w|$, we explicitly show that while the driving Hamiltonian $E|s> < s|$
optimally produces the state $|w>$ from an initial state $|s>$, the driving
Hamiltonian $E^{\prime}|s> < s|(E^{\prime} \ne E)$ does not provide any speedup
compared even with a classical computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2971 </DOCNO>
Exact correlation functions of the BCS model in the canonical ensemble


  We evaluate correlation functions of the BCS model for finite number of
particles. The integrability of the Hamiltonian relates it with the Gaudin
algebra ${\cal G}[sl(2)]$. Therefore, a theorem that Sklyanin proved for the
Gaudin model, can be applied. Several diagonal and off-diagonal correlators are
calculated. The finite size scaling behavior of the pairing correlation
function is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85779 </DOCNO>
Equation of motion for relativistic compact binaries with the strong


  We study the equation of motion appropriate to an inspiralling binary star
system whose constituent stars have strong internal gravity. We use the
post-Newtonian approximation with the strong field point particle limit by
which we can introduce into general relativity a notion of a point-like
particle with strong internal gravity without using Dirac delta distribution.
Besides this limit, to deal with strong internal gravity we express the
equation of motion in surface integral forms and calculate these integrals
explicitly. As a result we obtain the equation of motion for a binary of
compact bodies accurate through the second and half post-Newtonian (2.5 PN)
order. This equation is derived in the harmonic coordinate. Our resulting
equation perfectly agrees with Damour and Deruelle 2.5 PN equation of motion.
Hence it is found that the 2.5 PN equation of motion is applicable to a
relativistic compact binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129108 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared/Millimetre Emission in 3C Ssources. Dust in Radio Galaxies


  We present far-infrared and millimetric observations of a sample of
3C objects. Millimetre data were taken at 1.25 mm with the IRAM 30m antenna
feeding the MPIfR bolometer array. Mid-infrared (MIR) and far-infrared (FIR)
photometry were carried out with the ISOCAM and ISOPHOT cameras on the ISO
Satellite. Additional FIR IRAS observations are also included. We present the
entire Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) from the UV to radio and discuss
the emitting mechanisms. Two composite spectra, one for the radio galaxies and
one for the radio quasars, are built in the object rest frame. While the SEDs
of the two classes differ, they are indistinguishable in the MIR and FIR range
where they probably arise as thermal emission from a dusty torus and a
larger-scale (cooler) dust distribution in the host galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6025 </DOCNO>
Particle-hole symmetry in the antiferromagnetic state of the cuprates


  In the layered cuprate perovskites, the occurence of high-temperature
superconductivity seems deeply related to the unusual nature of the hole
excitations. The limiting case of a very small number of holes diffusing in the
antiferromagnetic (AF) background may provide important insights into this
problem. We have investigated the transport properties in a series of crystals
of $\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_y$, and found that the temperature dependences of the Hall
coefficient $R_H$ and thermopower $S$ change abruptly as soon as the AF phase
boundary is crossed. In the AF state at low temperatures $T$, both $R_H$ and
$S$ are unexpectedly suppressed to nearly zero over a broad interval of $T$. We
argue that this suppression arises from near-exact symmetry in the
particle-hole currents. From the trends in $R_H$ and $S$, we infer that the
symmetry is increasingly robust as the hole density $x$ becomes very small
($x\simeq 0.01$). We discuss implications for electronic properties both within
the AF state and outside.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 285 </DOCNO>
Weak localization in ferromagnets with spin-orbit interaction


  Weak localization corrections to conductivity of ferromagnetic systems are
studied theoretically in the case when spin-orbit interaction plays a
significant role. Two cases are analyzed in detail: (i) the case when the
spin-orbit interaction is due to scattering from impurities, and (ii) the case
when the spin-orbit interaction results from reduced dimensionality of the
system and is of the Bychkov-Rashba type. Results of the analysis show that the
localization corrections to conductivity of ferromagnetic metals lead to a
negative magnetoresistance -- also in the presence of the spin-orbit
scattering. Positive magnetoresistance due to weak antilocalization, typical of
nonmagnetic systems, does not occur in ferromagnetic systems. In the case of
two-dimensional ferromagnets, the quantum corrections depend on the
magnetization orientation with respect to the plane of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73985 </DOCNO>
Decays of supernova neutrinos


  Supernova neutrinos could be well-suited for probing neutrino decay, since
decay may be observed even for very small decay rates or coupling constants. We
will introduce an effective operator framework for the combined description of
neutrino decay and neutrino oscillations for supernova neutrinos, which can
especially take into account two properties: One is the radially symmetric
neutrino flux, allowing a decay product to be re-directed towards the observer
even if the parent neutrino had a different original direction of propagation.
The other is decoherence because of the long baselines for coherently produced
neutrinos. We will demonstrate how to use this effective theory to calculate
the time-dependent fluxes at the detector. In addition, we will show the
implications of a Majoron-like decay model. As a result, we will demonstrate
that for certain parameter values one may observe some effects which could also
mimic signals similar to the ones expected from supernova models, making it in
general harder to separate neutrino and supernova properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174828 </DOCNO>
Heavy Residue Formation in 20 MeV/nucleon 197Au + 90Zr collisions


  The yields and velocity distributions of heavy residues and fission fragments
from the reaction of 20 MeV/nucleon 197Au + 90Zr have been measured using the
MSU A1200 fragment separator. A bimodal distribution of residues is observed,
with one group, resulting from peripheral collisions, having fragment mass
numbers A=160-200, while the other group, resulting from ``hard'' collisions,
has A=120-160. This latter group of residues can be distinguished from fission
fragments by their lower velocities. A model combining deep-inelastic transfer
and incomplete fusion for the primary interaction stage and a statistical
evaporation code for the deexcitation stage has been used to describe the
properties of the product distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86526 </DOCNO>
'Stable' QPOs and Black Hole Properties from Diskoseismology


  We compare our calculations of the frequencies of the fundamental g, c, and
p--modes of relativistic thin accretion disks with recent observations of high
frequency QPOs in X-ray binaries with black hole candidates. These classes of
modes encompass all adiabatic perturbations of such disks. The frequencies of
these modes depend mainly on only the mass and angular momentum of the black
hole; their weak dependence on disk luminosity is also explicitly indicated.
Identifying the recently discovered relatively stable QPO pairs with the
fundamental g and c modes provides a determination of the mass and angular
momentum of the black hole. For GRO J1655-40, $M=5.9\pm 1.0 M_\sun$,
$J=(0.917\pm 0.024)GM^2/c$, in agreement with spectroscopic mass
determinations. For GRS 1915+105, $M=42.4\pm 7.0 M_\sun$, $J=(0.926\pm
0.020)GM^2/c$ or (less favored) $M=18.2\pm 3.1 M_\sun$, $J=(0.701\pm
0.043)GM^2/c$. We briefly address the issues of the amplitude, frequency width,
and energy dependence of these QPOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124494 </DOCNO>
Surveying the Sky with the Arcminute MicroKelvin Imager: Expected


  We discuss prospects for cluster detection via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)
effect in a blank field survey with the proposed interferometer array, the
Arcminute MicroKelvin Imager (AMI). Clusters of galaxies selected in the SZ
effect probe cosmology and structure formation with little observational bias,
because the effect directly measures integrated gas pressure, and does so
independently of cluster redshift. We use hydrodynamical simulations in
combination with the Press-Schechter expression to simulate SZ cluster sky
maps. These are used with simulations of the observation process to gauge the
expected SZ cluster counts. Even with a very conservative choice of parameters
we find that AMI will discover at least several tens of clusters every year
with total mass down to 10^14 solar masses; the numbers depends on factors such
as the mean matter density, the density fluctuation power spectrum and cluster
gas evolution. The AMI survey itself can distinguish between these to some
degree, and parameter degeneracies are largely eliminated given optical and
X-ray follow-up of these clusters; this will also permit direct investigation
of cluster physics and what drives the evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75364 </DOCNO>
Matching the Electroweak Penguins $Q_7$, $Q_8$ and Spectral Correlators


  Exact analytical expressions for the $\Delta S=1$ coupling $\im G_E$ in terms
of observable spectral functions are given. This coupling determines the size
of the $\Delta I=3/2$ contribution to $\epsilon'$. We show analytically how the
scheme-dependence and scale dependences vanish to all orders in $1/N_c$ and NLO
in $\alpha_S$ explicitly both for $Q_7$ and $Q_8$.
  Numerical results are derived for both $Q_7$ and $Q_8$ from the $\tau$-data
and known results on the scalar spectral functions. In particular we study the
effect of all higher dimension operators.
  The coefficients of the leading operators in the OPE of the needed
correlators are derived to NLO in $\alpha_S$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96762 </DOCNO>
A fixed point formula of Lefschetz type in Arakelov geometry IV: the


  We give a new proof of a slightly weaker form of a theorem of P. Colmez. This
theorem gives a formula for the Faltings height of abelian varieties with
complex multiplication by a C.M. field whose Galois group over $\bf Q$ is
abelian; it reduces to the formula of Chowla and Selberg in the case of
elliptic curves. We show that the formula can be deduced from the arithmetic
fixed point formula proved in the first paper of the series. Our proof is
intrinsic in the sense that it does not rely on the computation of the periods
of any particular abelian variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73501 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constant in broken maximal sugras


  We examine the form of the cosmological constant in the loop expansion of
broken maximally supersymmetric supergravity theories, and after embedding,
within superstring and M-theory. Supersymmetry breaking at the TeV scale
generates values of the cosmological constant that are in agreement with
current astrophysical data. The form of perturbative quantum effects in the
loop expansion is consistent with this parameter regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72871 </DOCNO>
The Adler Function for Light Quarks in Analytic Perturbation Theory


  The method of analytic perturbation theory, which avoids the problem of
ghost-pole type singularities and gives a self-consistent description of both
spacelike and timelike regions, is applied to describe the "light" Adler
function corresponding to the non-strange vector channel of the inclusive decay
of the $\tau$ lepton. The role of threshold effects is investigated. The
behavior of the quark-antiquark system near threshold is described by using a
new relativistic resummation factor. It is shown that the method proposed leads
to good agreement with the ``experimental'' Adler function down to the lowest
energy scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41070 </DOCNO>
Results on cascade production in lead-lead interactions from the NA57


  The NA57 experiment has been designed to study the production of strange and
multi-strange particles in Pb-Pb and p-Be collisions at the CERN SPS. The
predecessor experiment WA97 has measured an enhanced abundance of strange
particles in Pb-Pb collisions relative to p-A reactions at 160 GeV/c per
nucleon beam momentum. NA57 has extended the WA97 measurements to investigate
the evolution of the strangeness enhancement pattern as a function of the beam
energy and over a wider centrality range. In this paper, we report results on
cascade production for about the 60% most central collisions at 160 GeV/c per
nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123863 </DOCNO>
New appearance of cosmic coincidence problem


  The integrals of the Friedmann cosmology equations are identified as constant
physical characteristics for both vacuum and non-vacuum cosmic energies. The
integrals are found to be numerically coincident. A model shows that the
coincidence can naturally originate in the electroweak scale physics at TeV
temperatures. The coincidence seems to reflect a new type of symmetry that
relates vacuum and non-vacuum energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128363 </DOCNO>
Spiral Galaxies with HST/NICMOS. I. Nuclear Morphologies, Color Maps and


  This is the first of two papers where we present the analysis of an HST 
NICMOS-Cam2 near-infared (NIR) snapshot survey in the F160W (H) filter for a
sample of 78 spiral galaxies selected from the UGC and ESOLV catalogs. For 69
of these objects we provide nuclear color information derived by combining the
H data either with additional NICMOS F110W (J) images or with V WFPC2/HST data.
Here we present the NIR images and the optical-NIR color maps. We focus our
attention on the properties of the photometrically-distinct `nuclei' which are
found embedded in most of the galaxies, and provide measurements of their
half-light radii and magnitudes in the H (and when available, in the J) band.
We find that: (i) In the NIR, the nuclei embedded in the bright early- to
intermediate-type galaxies span a much larger range in brightness than the
nuclei which are typically found embedded in bulgeless late-type disks; (ii)
Nuclei are found in both non-barred and barred hosts, in large-scale ($\gta$ 1
kpc) as well as in nuclear (up to a few 100pc) bars; (iii) There is a
significant increase in half-light radius with increasing luminosity of the
nucleus in the early/intermediate types; (iv) The nuclei of
early/intermediate-type spirals cover a large range of optical-NIR colors, from
$V-H\approx$ -0.5 to 3. Some nuclei are bluer and others redder than the
surrounding galaxy, indicating the presence of activity or reddening by dust in
many of these systems; (v) Some early/intermediate nuclei are elongated and/or
slightly offset from the isophotal center of the host galaxy. On average,
however, these nuclei appear as centered, star-cluster-like structures similar
to those which are found in the late-type disks. [abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2212 </DOCNO>
Theory of the phase transition from a disordered cubic crystal to a


  We calculate thermodynamic properties of a disordered model insulator,
starting from the ideal simple-cubic lattice ($g = 0$) and increasing the
disorder parameter $g$ to $\gg 1/2$. As in the earlier Einstein- and Debye-
approximations, the ground state energy is discontinuous at $g_{c} = 1/2$. For
$g<g_{c}$ the low-T heat-capacity $C \sim T^{3}$ whereas for $g>g_{c}$, $C \sim
T$. The van Hove singularities disappear at {\em any} finite magnitude $g$ of
the disorder. For $g>1/2$ we discover novel {\em fixed points} in the
self-energy and spectral density of this model glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129489 </DOCNO>
Primordial Galaxy Formation and IGM Reionization


  In this talk I will present a model for primordial galaxy formation. In
particular, I will review the feedback effects that regulate the process: (i)
radiative (i.e. ionizing and H_2-photodissociating photons) and (ii) stellar
(i.e. SN explosions) feedback produced by massive stars. I will show the
results of a model for galaxy formation and IGM reionization, which includes a
self-consistent treatment of the above feedback effects. Finally, I will
describe a Monte Carlo method for the radiative transfer of ionizing photons
through the IGM and discuss its application to the IGM reionization problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41771 </DOCNO>
Searches for extra dimensions, gauge mediated SUSY and exotics at LEP


  The results of searches for several type of physics beyond the Standard Model
using data from the four LEP experiments are presented. In the absence of any
excess signal events seen in the data limits are placed on the existence of
extra-dimensions, gauge mediated supersymmetry and some exotic states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4208 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Thomas-Fermi Approximation for Nonlinear Dynamics of Trapped


  We present an analytical approximation for nonlinear dynamics of trapped
Bose-co ndensed gases. The new approximation is a substantial improvement over
the Thomas-Fermi approximation and is shown to be applicable for systems with a
rather small number of atoms $N$. The calculated aspect ratios after ballistic
expansion are found to be in good agreement with those observed in recent
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6538 </DOCNO>
Tunneling-assisted impact ionization fronts in semiconductors


  We propose a novel type of ionization front in layered semiconductor
structures. The propagation is due to the interplay of band-to-band tunneling
and impact ionization. Our numerical simulations show that the front can be
triggered when an extremely sharp voltage ramp ($\sim 10 {\rm kV/ns}$) is
applied in reverse direction to a Si $p^+-n-n^+-$structure that is connected in
series with an external load. The triggering occurs after a delay of 0.7 to 0.8
ns. The maximal electrical field at the front edge exceeds $10^6 {\rm V/cm}$.
The front velocity $v_f$ is 40 times faster than the saturated drift velocity
$v_s$. The front passes through the $n-$base with a thickness of $100 {\mu m}$
within approximately 30 ps, filling it with dense electron-hole plasma. This
passage is accompanied by a voltage drop from 8 kV to dozens of volts. In this
way a voltage pulse with a ramp up to $500 {\rm kV/ns}$ can be applied to the
load. The possibility to form a kilovolt pulse with such a voltage rise rate
sets new frontiers in pulse power electronics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96227 </DOCNO>
Bivariate Daubechies Scaling Functions (Wavelets)


  Using the Daubechies conditions of compact support, orthogonal, and
regularity, we were able to derive bivariate scaling functions with which to
reproduce linear functions (planes). We describe how to create all possible
masks of refinement coefficients that satisfy those conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 141 </DOCNO>
Boundary Conditions, the Critical Conductance Distribution, and


  We study the influence of boundary conditions transverse to the transport
direction for disordered mesoscopic conductors both at the Anderson
metal-insulator transition and in the metallic regime. We show that the
boundary conditions strongly influence the conductance distribution exactly at
the metal-insulator transition and we discuss implications for the standard
picture of one-parameter scaling. We show in particular that the scaling
function that describes the change of conductance with system size depends on
the boundary conditions from the metallic regime up to the metal-insulator
transition. An experiment is proposed that might test the correctness of the
one-parameter scaling theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4302 </DOCNO>
Mode Coupling relaxation scenario in a confined glass former


  Molecular dynamics simulations of a Lennard-Jones binary mixture confined in
a disordered array of soft spheres are presented. The single particle dynamical
behavior of the glass former is examined upon supercooling. Predictions of mode
coupling theory are satisfied by the confined liquid. Estimates of the
crossover temperature are obtained by power law fit to the diffusion
coefficients and relaxation times of the late $\alpha$ region. The $b$ exponent
of the von Schweidler law is also evaluated. Similarly to the bulk, different
values of the exponent $\gamma$ are extracted from the power law fit to the
diffusion coefficients and relaxation times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114216 </DOCNO>
Derivation of the Lorentz Transformations


  The Lorentz Transformations are derived without any linearity assumptions and
without assuming that y and z coordinates transform in a Galilean manner.
Status of the invariance of the speed of light is reduced from a foundation of
the Special Theory of Relativity to just a property which allows to determine a
value of the physical constant. While high level of rigour is maintained, this
paper should be accessible to a second year university physics student.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75952 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative gluons in diffractive photo-production of J/Psi


  The modifications induced in the calculation of the cross section of the
diffractive process gamma gamma -> J/Psi J/Psi when the gluon propagator is
changed are analyzed. Instead of the usual perturbative gluon propagator,
alternative forms obtained using non-perturbative methods like Dyson-Schwinger
equations are used to consider in a more consistent way the contributions of
the infrared region. The result shows a reduction in the differential
cross-section for low momentum transfer once compared with the perturbative
result, to be confirmed with future experimental results from TESLA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76550 </DOCNO>
High Energy Tau Neutrinos


  The intrinsic tau neutrino flux from cosmological and astrophysical sources
has usually been considered negligible in comparison to the electron and muon
neutrino fluxes. However, the inclusion of the tau neutrino component coming
from hadronic decay at the source can significantly modify the tau neutrino
spectrum expected at Earth. We report our results on the high energy tau
neutrino production and its implications for the observation of high energy
neutrino events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76468 </DOCNO>
Scattering of Gluons from the Color Glass Condensate


  We consider the inelastic scattering of a real on-shell gluon on the strong
classical color field of a proton (or nucleus) at very high energies, that is a
Color Glass Condensate. We derive the gluon-proton (nucleus) inelastic cross
section and show that it is (up to logarithms) infrared safe and that it grows
slowly with center of mass energy. Furthermore, we discuss jet transverse
momentum broadening for the case of nuclear targets. We show that in the
saturation regime, in contrast to the perturbative regime, the width of the
transverse momentum distribution is infrared finite and grows rapidly with
energy. In both regimes, however, transverse momentum broadening exibits the
same A dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1094 </DOCNO>
Weak violation of universality for Polyelectrolyte Chains: Variational


  A variational approach is considered to calculate the free energy and the
conformational properties of a polyelectrolyte chain in $d$ dimensions. We
consider in detail the case of pure Coulombic interactions between the
monomers, when screening is not present, in order to compute the end-to-end
distance and the asymptotic properties of the chain as a function of the
polymer chain length $N$. We find $R \simeq N^{\nu}(\log N)^{\gamma}$ where
$\nu = \frac{3}{\lambda+2}$ and $\lambda$ is the exponent which characterize
the long-range interaction $U \propto 1/r^{\lambda}$. The exponent $\gamma$ is
shown to be non-universal, depending on the strength of the Coulomb
interaction. We check our findings, by a direct numerical minimization of the
variational energy for chains of increasing size $2^4<N<2^{15}$. The
electrostatic blob picture, expected for small enough values of the interaction
strength, is quantitatively described by the variational approach. We perform a
Monte Carlo simulation for chains of length $2^4<N<2^{10}$. The non universal
behavior of the exponent $ \gamma$ previously derived within the variational
method, is also confirmed by the simulation results. Non-universal behavior is
found for a polyelectrolyte chain in $d=3$ dimension. Particular attention is
devoted to the homopolymer chain problem, when short range contact interactions
are present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124302 </DOCNO>
Radiative alpha-capture cross sections from realistic nucleon-nucleon


  We report the first calculations of cross sections for the radiative capture
reactions t(alpha,gamma)^7Li and ^3He(alpha,gamma)^7Be below 2 MeV which use
wave functions derived from realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions by the
variational Monte Carlo technique. After examining several small corrections to
the dominant E1 operator, we find energy dependences for the low-energy
S-factors which agree reasonably with experimental measurements. There is no
contradiction with the previous theoretical understanding of these processes,
but the zero-energy derivative of the t(alpha,gamma)^7Li S-factor is smaller
than in most models. While this method can in principle predict cross section
normalizations, the normalizations of our results are mostly too low.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168429 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Adiabatic Evolution Algorithm Applied to Random Instances of


  A quantum system will stay near its instantaneous ground state if the
Hamiltonian that governs its evolution varies slowly enough. This quantum
adiabatic behavior is the basis of a new class of algorithms for quantum
computing. We test one such algorithm by applying it to randomly generated,
hard, instances of an NP-complete problem. For the small examples that we can
simulate, the quantum adiabatic algorithm works well, and provides evidence
that quantum computers (if large ones can be built) may be able to outperform
ordinary computers on hard sets of instances of NP-complete problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168906 </DOCNO>
Is "entanglement" always entangled?


  Entanglement, including ``quantum entanglement,'' is a consequence of
correlation between objects. When the objects are subunits of pairs which in
turn are members of an ensemble described by a wave function, a correlation
among the subunits induces the mysterious properties of ``cat-states.''
However, correlation between subsystems can be present from purely non-quantum
sources, thereby entailing no unfathomable behavior. Such entanglement arises
whenever the so-called ``qubit space'' is not afflicted with Heisenberg
Uncertainty. It turns out that all optical experimental realizations of EPR's
\emph{Gedanken} experiment in fact do not suffer Heisenberg Uncertainty.
Examples will be analyzed and non-quantum models for some of these described.
The consequences for experiments that were to test EPR's contention in the form
of Bell's Theorem are drawn: \emph{valid tests of EPR's hypothesis have yet to
be done.}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126132 </DOCNO>
Global Emission Line Trends in Spiral Galaxies: The Reddening and


  We have explored the emission line trends in the integrated spectra of normal
spiral galaxies of the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey, in order to investigate the
relationships between dust extinction, metallicity and some macroscopic
properties of spiral galaxies. We found a very strong correlation between the
Hbeta and Halpha equivalent widths, implying that the difference between the
extinction of the stellar and the nebular light depends only on the intrinsic
colours of the galaxies, being larger for redder galaxies. The usual
metallicity indicator for giant HII regions ([OIII]4959,5007 + [OII]3726,3729)/
Hbeta is not appropriate for integrated spectra of spiral galaxies, probably
due to metallicity gradients. Much better qualitative metallicity indicators
are found to be [NII]6584/[OII]3726,3729 and [NII]6584/Halpha, the latter
having the advantage of being independent of reddening and being applicable
also for galaxies with weak emission lines. With these indicators, we find that
the nebular extinction as derived from the Balmer decrement strongly correlates
with the effective metallicity of the emission line regions. The overall
metallicity of the emission line regions is much better correlated with galaxy
colours than with morphological types. A Principal Component Analysis on a 7-D
parameter space showed that the variance is produced, in first place, by the
metallicity and parameters linked to the stellar populations, and, in second
place, by the surface brightness, which is linked to the dynamical history of
the galaxies. The absolute magnitude, related to the mass of the galaxy, comes
only in the third place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75369 </DOCNO>
Yukawa coupling quantum corrections to the self couplings of the


  A detailed analysis of the top-quark/squark quantum corrections to the
lightest CP-even Higgs boson (h^0) self-couplings is presented in the MSSM. By
considering the leading one-loop Yukawa-coupling contributions of O(m_t^4), we
discuss the decoupling behaviour of these corrections when the top-squarks are
heavy compared to the electroweak scale. As shown analytically and numerically,
the large corrections can almost completely be absorbed into the h^0-boson
mass. Our conclusion is that the h^0 self-couplings remain similar to the
coupling of the SM Higgs boson for a heavy top-squark sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96791 </DOCNO>
New Cohomogeneity One Metrics With Spin(7) Holonomy


  We construct new explicit non-singular metrics that are complete on
non-compact Riemannian 8-manifolds with holonomy Spin(7). One such metric,
which we denote by A_8, is complete and non-singular on R^8. The other complete
metrics are defined on manifolds with the topology of the bundle of chiral
spinors over S^4, and are denoted by B_8^+, B_8^- and B_8. The metrics on B_8^+
and B_8^- occur in families with a non-trivial parameter. The metric on B_8
arises for a limiting value of this parameter, and locally this metric is the
same as the one for A_8. The new Spin(7) metrics are asymptotically locally
conical (ALC): near infinity they approach a circle bundle with fibres of
constant length over a cone whose base is the squashed Einstein metric on CP^3.
We construct the covariantly-constant spinor and calibrating 4-form. We also
obtain an L^2-normalisable harmonic 4-form for the A_8 manifold, and two such
4-forms (of opposite dualities) for the B_8 manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97051 </DOCNO>
Uniform estimates on paraproducts


  We prove uniform $L^p$ estimates for a family of paraproducts and
corresponding maximal operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129680 </DOCNO>
Cosmology with the Space-Luminosity Distribution of Virialized Halos


  We derive the observed luminosity function of virialized systems. Coupling
this statistic with the mass function predicted by CDM cosmogonies we obtain
the functional behavior of the mass-to-light ratio over a wide dyna mical range
in mass. We conclude that the mass-to-light ratio has a minimum close t o the
luminosity of an L* galaxy halo. We also show how to derive in a
self-consistent way the X-ray-to-optical luminosity ratio for galaxy systems.
As a consequence, we predict a fundamental break in the auto-similar scaling
behavior of fundamental correlat ions in going from the group to the cluster
scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74344 </DOCNO>
Solution to the 3-loop $\Phi$-derivable Approximation for Scalar


  We solve the 3-loop $\Phi$-derivable approximation to the thermodynamics of
the massless $\phi^4$ field theory by reducing it to a 1-parameter variational
problem. The thermodynamic potential is expanded in powers of $g^2$ and $m/T$,
where $g$ is the coupling constant, $m$ is a variational mass parameter, and
$T$ is the temperature. There are ultraviolet divergences beginning at 6th
order in $g$ that cannot be removed by renormalization. However the finite
thermodynamic potential obtained by truncating after terms of 5th order in $g$
and $m/T$ defines a stable approximation to the thermodynamic functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74985 </DOCNO>
The Structure of GUT Breaking by Orbifolding


  Recently, an attractive model of GUT breaking has been proposed in which a 5
dimensional supersymmetric SU(5) gauge theory on an S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2')
orbifold is broken down to the 4d MSSM by SU(5)-violating boundary conditions.
Motivated by this construction and several related realistic models, we
investigate the general structure of orbifolds in the effective field theory
context, and of this orbifold symmetry breaking mechanism in particular. An
analysis of the group theoretic structure of orbifold breaking is performed.
This depends upon the existence of appropriate inner and outer automorphisms of
the Lie algebra, and we show that a reduction of the rank of the GUT group is
possible. Some aspects of larger GUT theories based on SO(10) and E_6 are
discussed. We explore the possibilities of defining the theory directly on a
space with boundaries and breaking the gauge symmetry by more general
consistently chosen boundary conditions for the fields. Furthermore, we derive
the relation of orbifold breaking with the familiar mechanism of Wilson line
breaking, finding a one-to-one correspondence, both conceptually and
technically. Finally, we analyse the consistency of orbifold models in the
effective field theory context, emphasizing the necessity for self-adjoint
extensions of the Hamiltonian and other conserved operators, and especially the
highly restrictive anomaly cancellation conditions that apply if the bulk
theory lives in more than 5 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95785 </DOCNO>
Torus knots that cannot be untied by twisting


  We give a necessary condition for a torus knot to be untied by a single
twisting. By using this result, we give infinitely many torus knots that cannot
be untied by a single twisting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1401 </DOCNO>
Spectral properties of a generalized chGUE


  We consider a generalized chiral Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (chGUE) based on a
weak confining potential. We study the spectral correlations close to the
origin in the thermodynamic limit. We show that for eigenvalues separated up to
the mean level spacing the spectral correlations coincide with those of chGUE.
Beyond this point, the spectrum is described by an oscillating number variance
centered around a constant value. We argue that the origin of such a rigid
spectrum is due to the breakdown of the translational invariance of the
spectral kernel in the bulk of the spectrum. Finally, we compare our results
with the ones obtained from a critical chGUE recently reported in the
literature. We conclude that our generalized chGUE does not belong to the same
class of universality as the above mentioned model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128264 </DOCNO>
Radio galaxies and magnetic fields in A514


  A514 contains six extended and polarized radio sources located at various
projected distances from the cluster center. Here we present a detailed study
of these six radio sources in total intensity and polarization using the Very
Large Array at 3.6 and 6 cm. Since the radio sources sample different lines of
sight across the cluster, an analysis of the Faraday Rotation Measures (RMs)
provides information on the strength and the structure of the cluster magnetic
field. These sources show a decreasing Faraday Rotation Measure with increasing
distance from the cluster center. We estimate the strength of the magnetic
field to be ~3-7 uG in the cluster center. From the RM structure across the
stronger and more extended sources we estimate the coherence length of the
magnetic field to be about 9 kpc at the cluster center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96511 </DOCNO>
On the Neron-Severi groups of fibered varieties


  We apply Tate's conjecture on algebraic cycles to study the N\'eron-Severi
groups of varieties fibered over a curve. This is inspired by the work of Rosen
and Silverman, who carry out such an analysis to derive a formula for the rank
of the group of sections of an elliptic surface. For a semistable fibered
surface, under Tate's conjecture we derive a formula for the rank of the group
of sections of the associated Jacobian fibration. For fiber powers of a
semistable elliptic fibration $E --> C$, under Tate's conjecture we give a
recursive formula for the rank of the N\'eron-Severi groups of these fiber
powers. For fiber squares, we construct unconditionally a set of independent
elements in the N\'eron-Severi groups. When $E --> C$ is the universal elliptic
curve over the modular curve $X_0(M)/\Q$, we apply the Selberg trace formula to
verify our recursive formula in the case of fiber squares. This gives an
analytic proof of Tate's conjecture for such fiber squares over $\Q$, and it
shows that the independent elements we constructed in fact form a basis of the
N\'eron-Severi groups. This is the fiber square analog of the Shioda-Tate
Theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125638 </DOCNO>
A precise determination of angular momentum in the black hole candidate


  We note that the recently discovered 450 Hz frequency in the X-ray flux of
the black hole candidate GRO J1655-40 is in a 3:2 ratio to the previously known
300 Hz frequency of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) in the same source. If
the origin of high frequency QPOs in black hole systems is a resonance between
orbital and epicyclic motion of accreting matter, as suggested previously, the
angular momentum of the black hole can be accurately determined, given its
mass. We find that the dimensionless angular momentum is in the range
$0.2<j<0.65$ if the mass is in the (corresponding) range of 5.5 to 7.9 solar
masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73794 </DOCNO>
Prospect of a very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment: HIPA


  We discuss the prospects of a very long baseline neutrino oscillation
experiment from HIPA to Beijing. The current understanding of neutrino
oscillations, both theoretically and experimentally, are summarized. The figure
of merits for interested physics measurements are defined and compared at
different distances: 300 km, 700 km, 2100 km and 3000 km. We conclude that a
baseline more than 2100 km is optimal. A large water cerenkov calorimeter was
proposed and its performance is satisfactory from a Monte Carlo simulation
study. Such a large detector can do many other measurements on cosmic-rays
physics and astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 912 </DOCNO>
Exact Bond-Located Spin Ground State in the Hubbard Chain with


  We show the existence of an exact ground state in certain parameter regimes
of one-dimensional half-filled extended Hubbard model with site-off-diagonal
interactions. In this ground state, the bond-located spin correlation exhibits
a long-range order. In the case when the spin space is SU(2) symmetric, this
ground state degenerates with higher spin states including a fully
ferromagnetic state. We also discuss the relation between the exact
bond-ordered ground state and the critical bond-spin-density-wave phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83535 </DOCNO>
A Fast General Methodology for Information-Theoretically Optimal


  We propose a fast methodology for encoding graphs with
information-theoretically minimum numbers of bits. Specifically, a graph with
property pi is called a pi-graph. If pi satisfies certain properties, then an
n-node m-edge pi-graph G can be encoded by a binary string X such that (1) G
and X can be obtained from each other in O(n log n) time, and (2) X has at most
beta(n)+o(beta(n)) bits for any continuous super-additive function beta(n) so
that there are at most 2^{beta(n)+o(beta(n))} distinct n-node pi-graphs. The
methodology is applicable to general classes of graphs; this paper focuses on
planar graphs. Examples of such pi include all conjunctions over the following
groups of properties: (1) G is a planar graph or a plane graph; (2) G is
directed or undirected; (3) G is triangulated, triconnected, biconnected,
merely connected, or not required to be connected; (4) the nodes of G are
labeled with labels from {1, ..., ell_1} for ell_1 <= n; (5) the edges of G are
labeled with labels from {1, ..., ell_2} for ell_2 <= m; and (6) each node
(respectively, edge) of G has at most ell_3 = O(1) self-loops (respectively,
ell_4 = O(1) multiple edges). Moreover, ell_3 and ell_4 are not required to be
O(1) for the cases of pi being a plane triangulation. These examples are novel
applications of small cycle separators of planar graphs and are the only
nontrivial classes of graphs, other than rooted trees, with known
polynomial-time information-theoretically optimal coding schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86642 </DOCNO>
Group-theoretic Approach for Symbolic Tensor Manipulation: I. Free


  We describe how Computational Group Theory provides tools for manipulating
tensors in explicit index notation. In special, we present an algorithm that
puts tensors with free indices obeying permutation symmetries into the
canonical form. The method is based on algorithms for determining the canonical
coset representative of a subgroup of the symmetric group. The complexity of
our algorithm is polynomial on the number of indices and is useful for
implementating general purpose tensor packages on the computer algebra systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74085 </DOCNO>
Precision measurements at a muon collider


  This contribution describes precision width measurements that could be done
at a muon collider for very narrow resonances as the Higgs or a possible
pseudogoldstone boson, or for almost degenerate resonances as the A0 and H0 in
the MSSM for large values of tan\beta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179189 </DOCNO>
Changes in r-process abundances at late times


  We explore changes in abundance patterns that occur late in the r process. As
the neutrons available for capture begin to disappear, a quasiequilibrium
funnel shifts material into the large peaks at A=130 and A=195, and into the
rare-earth "bump" at A=160. A bit later, after the free-neutron abundance has
dropped and beta-decay has begun to compete seriously with neutron capture, the
peaks can widen. The degree of widening depends largely on neutron-capture
rates near closed neutron shells and relatively close to stability. We identify
particular nuclei the capture rates of which should be examined experimentally,
perhaps at a radioactive beam facility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96656 </DOCNO>
Exceptional parameters for generic A-hypergeometric systems


  The holonomic rank of an A-hypergeometric system $H_A(\beta)$ is conjectured
to be independent of the parameter vector $\beta$ if and only if the toric
ideal $I_A$ is Cohen Macaulay. We prove this conjecture in the case that $I_A$
is generic by explicitly constructing more than $\vol(A)$ many linearly
independent hypergeometric functions for parameters $\beta$ coming from
embedded primes of certain initial ideals of $I_A$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125910 </DOCNO>
On the Wilson-Bappu relationship in the Mg II k line


  An investigation is carried out on the Wilson-Bappu effect in the Mg II k
line at 2796.34 A. The work is based on a selection of 230 stars observed by
both the IUE and HIPPARCOS satellites, covering a wide range of spectral type
and absolute visual magnitudes. The Wilson-Bappu relationship here provided is
considered to represent an improvement over previous recent results for the
considerably larger data sample used as well as for a proper consideration of
the measurement errors. No evidence has been found for a possible dependence of
the WB effect on stellar metallicity and effective temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123550 </DOCNO>
Accretion and emission processes in AGN


  The UV-X continuum, the X-ray spectral features, and the variability in these
bands provide powerful tools for studying the innermost regions of AGNs from
which we gain an insight into the accretion process. In this chapter the
discussion focusses on luminous AGN, i.e. Seyfert galaxies and quasars. The
standard accretion disk model (a stationary geometrically thin disk) is
described, and vertically averaged solutions for the radial structure are
given. The emission of the standard disk is discussed using different
approximations, and it is compared to the observations. This leads to the
conclusion that more complex models are required, such as the irradiated disk
and the disk-corona models. The advantage of this last model is that it
explains the overall UV-X spectral distribution. In the framework of these disk
models, the profile, intensity, and variability properties of the X-ray iron
line can be explained by reprocessing at the surface of the cold disk very
close to the black hole (the "relativistic disk model"). An alternative
possibility is discussed, where the UV-X continuum is produced by a
quasi-spherical distribution of dense clouds surrounded by (or embedded in) a
hot medium. In such a model the iron line profile could be due to
Comptonization instead of relativistic effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72642 </DOCNO>
General Analysis of New Physics in $B\to J/\psi K$


  We present a model-independent parametrization of the $B^\pm\to J/\psi
K^\pm$, $B_d\to J/\psi K_S$ decay amplitudes by taking into account the
constraints that are implied by the isospin symmetry of strong interactions.
Employing estimates borrowed from effective field theory, we explore the impact
of physics beyond the Standard Model and introduce -- in addition to the usual
mixing-induced CP asymmetry $A_{CP}^{mix}$ in $B_d\to J/\psi K_S$ -- a set of
three observables, allowing a general analysis of possible new-physics effects
in the $B\to J/\psi K$ system. Imposing a dynamical hierarchy of amplitudes, we
argue that one of these observables may already be accessible at the
first-generation $B$-factories, whereas the remaining ones will probably be
left for second-generation $B$ experiments. However, in the presence of large
rescattering effects, all three new-physics observables may be sizeable. We
also emphasize that a small value of $A_{CP}^{mix}$ could be due to new-physics
effects arising at the $B\to J/\psi K$ decay-amplitude level. In order to
establish such a scenario, the observables introduced in this paper play a key
role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96363 </DOCNO>
K-theory of Morse geodesics


  We develop the $K$-theory of a C*-algebra O(l) which represents the leaf
space of measured foliations studied by Novikov, Masur, Thurston and Veech. The
K-theory construction is based on the coding of geodesic lines due to Koebe and
Morse. This method allows to calculate the range of the Elliott group of O(l),
to establish a condition of strict ergodicity of the interval exchange
transformations and to prove the Keane conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76617 </DOCNO>
g_\mu - 2 in Supersymmetry


  The 2.6 sigma deviation in the muon's anomalous magnetic moment has strong
implications for supersymmetry. In the most model-independent analysis to date,
we consider gaugino masses with arbitrary magnitude and phase, and sleptons
with arbitrary masses and left-right mixings. For tan(beta)=50, we find that 1
sigma agreement requires at least one charged superpartner with mass below 570
GeV; at 2 sigma, this upper bound shifts to 850 GeV. The deviation is
remarkably consistent with all constraints from colliders, dark matter, and b
-> s gamma in supergravity models, but disfavors the characteristic gaugino
mass relations of anomaly-mediation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84037 </DOCNO>
A comparison of Zeroes and Ones of a Boolean Polynomial


  In this paper we consider the computational complexity of the following
problem. Let $f$ be a Boolean polynomial. What value of $f$, 0 or 1, is taken
more frequently? The problem is solved in polynomial time for polynomials of
degrees 1,2. The next case of degree 3 appears to be PP-complete under
polynomial reductions in the class of promise problems. The proof is based on
techniques of quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113445 </DOCNO>
Deconvolution problems in x-ray absorption fine structure


  A Bayesian method application to the deconvolution of EXAFS spectra is
considered. It is shown that for purposes of EXAFS spectroscopy, from the
infinitely large number of Bayesian solutions it is possible to determine an
optimal range of solutions, any one from which is appropriate. Since this
removes the requirement for the uniqueness of solution, it becomes possible to
exclude the instrumental broadening and the lifetime broadening from EXAFS
spectra. In addition, we propose several approaches to the determination of
optimal Bayesian regularization parameter. The Bayesian deconvolution is
compared with the deconvolution which uses the Fourier transform and optimal
Wiener filtering. It is shown that XPS spectra could be in principle used for
extraction of a one-electron absorptance. The amplitude correction factors
obtained after deconvolution are considered and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2532 </DOCNO>
Controlled Generation of Dark Solitons with Phase Imprinting


  The generation of dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates with phase
imprinting is studied by mapping it into the classic problem of a damped driven
pendulum. We provide simple but powerful schemes of designing the phase imprint
for various desired outcomes. We derive a formula for the number of dark
solitons generated by a given phase step, and also obtain results which explain
experimental observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168097 </DOCNO>
The Paradoxes of the Interaction-Free Measurement


  Interaction-free measurements introduced by Elitzur and Vaidman [Found. Phys.
23, 987 (1993)] allow finding infinitely fragile objects without destroying
them. Paradoxical features of these and related measurements are discussed. The
resolution of the paradoxes in the framework of the Many-Worlds Interpretation
is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97379 </DOCNO>
E_\infty-structure and differentials of the Adams spectral sequence


  The Adams spectral sequence was invented by J.F.Adams fifty years ago for
calculations of stable homotopy groups of topological spaces and in particular
of spheres. The calculation of differentials of this spectral sequence is one
of the most difficult problem of Algebraic Topology. Here we consider an
approach to find inductive formulas for the differentials. It is based on the
A_\infty-structures, E_\infty-structures and functional homology operations. As
This approach it will be applied to the Kervaire invariant problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126561 </DOCNO>
The Kinematics of High Proper Motion Halo White Dwarfs


  We analyse the kinematics of the entire spectroscopic sample of 99 recently
discovered high proper-motion white dwarfs by Oppenheimer et al. using a
maximum-likelihood analysis, and discuss the claim that the high-velocity white
dwarfs are members of a halo population with a local density at least ten times
greater than traditionally assumed. We argue that the observations, as
reported, are consistent with the presence of an almost undetected thin disc
plus a thick disc, with densities as conventionally assumed. In addition, there
is a kinematically distinct, flattened, halo population at the more than 99%
confidence level. Surprisingly, the thick disc and halo populations are
indistinguishable in terms of luminosity, color and apparent age (1-10 Gyr).
Adopting a bimodal, Schwarzschild model for the local velocity ellipsoid, with
the ratios sigma_U:sigma_V:sigma_W=1:2/3:1/2, we infer radial velocity
dispersions of sigma_U=62(+8/-10) km/s and 150(+80/-40) km/s (90% C.L.) for the
local thick disc and halo populations, respectively. The thick disc result
agrees with the empirical relation between asymmetric drift and radial velocity
dispersion, inferred from local stellar populations. The local thick-disc plus
halo density of white dwarfs is n^{td+h}=(1.9+-0.5)x10^-3 pc^-3 (90% C.L.), of
which n^{h}=1.1(+2.1/-0.7)x10^-4 pc^-3 (90% C.L.) belongs to the halo, a
density about five times higher than previously thought. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81469 </DOCNO>
Excitation Spectra in a Heavy-Light Meson-Meson System


  A system of two static quarks, at fixed distances r, and two light quarks is
studied on an anisotropic lattice. Excitations by operators emphasizing quark
or gluon degrees of freedom are examined. The maximum entropy method is applied
in the spectral analysis. These simulations ultimately aim at learning about
mechanisms of hadronic interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129294 </DOCNO>
Luminosities of [O III] and Hydrogen Balmer lines in nova shells years


  The evolution of the luminosity of nova shells in the century following the
nova outburst is studied for the lines H-alpha, H-beta, and [O III]. About 1200
flux measurements from 96 objects have been collected from the literature, from
unpublished observations, from the HST archive, or from new narrow-band filter
imaging. For most objects, the distance and reddening is known (or newly
determined), and luminosities were calculated from the observed fluxes. The
luminosity data were combined in five groups, according to nova light curve
type (very fast, fast, moderately fast, slow, recurrent); some objects were
re-assigned to other groups for a better fit of the luminosity data to the
general trend. For very fast, fast and moderately fast novae, the slope of the
[O III] decline is very similar, leading to a basic `switchoff' of [O III]
emission after 11, 23 and 24 years, respectively. For the same speed classes,
the slope of the Balmer luminosity is quite similar. In contrast to all types
of fast novae, the decline in Balmer luminosity is more rapid in slow novae.
However, the slope in [O III] is more gentle; slow novae still show [O III]
emission after 100 years. Thus shells of slow novae are still hot after one
century; the same applies for the shells of the very fast nova GK Per and the
recurrent nova T Pyx, which interact with circumstellar material.In recurrent
novae, [O III] is usually inconspicuous or absent. In objects with giant
companions, the Balmer luminosity decreases very slowly after an outburst,
which may be an effect of line blending of material from the ejecta and the
giant wind. On the other hand, objects with dwarf companions show a very rapid
decline in Balmer luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1365 </DOCNO>
Fermi surface renormalization in Hubbard ladders


  We derive the one-loop renormalization equations for the shift in the
Fermi-wavevectors for one-dimensional interacting models with four Fermi-points
(two left and two right movers) and two Fermi velocities v_1 and v_2. We find
the shift to be proportional to (v_1-v_2)U^2, where U is the Hubbard-U. Our
results apply to the Hubbard ladder and to the t_1-t_2 Hubbard model. The
Fermi-sea with fewer particles tends to empty. The stability of a saddle point
due to shifts of the Fermi-energy and the shift of the Fermi-wavevector at the
Mott-Hubbard transition are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129551 </DOCNO>
Side Influences on the Operation of Space-Based Interferometers, as


  Processing the data of lunar laser ranging (LLR) points to the effect of
anomalous increase in the lunar semimajor axis (with an excessive rate about
1.3 cm/yr), which cannot be attributed to the well-known tidal exchange of
angular momentum between the Earth and Moon. The nature of this phenomenon is
not quite clear yet, but one of the possible explanations is that it is a
manifestation of the "residual" Hubble expansion, caused by some forms of an
unclumped "dark matter" or "dark energy". If this is the case, a similar effect
will reveal itself also in operation of space-based interferometers with
sufficiently long arms (10^7 km or greater, e.g., LISA and ASTROD) and,
therefore, should be taken into account in processing the data on
gravitational-wave signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6526 </DOCNO>
Single crystal structural study of the charge ordered phase of


  In the R1/2D1/2MnO3 manganites (R: rare earth, D: divalent cation), the
structural phase transition at Tco is commonly interpreted as a concomitant
charge and orbital ordering (CO/OO) process driven by a cooperative Jahn-Teller
effect and Coulomb repulsion forces. Full crystal structure refinement, from a
neutron diffraction experiment below Tco on a Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3 single crystal,
gives us a model for the displacement of atoms with respect to the high
temperature (HT) phase that invalidates the standard model based on the CO/OO
picture. An alternative picture is that the phase transition and charge
localization at Tco arise from a spatially ordered condensation of
ferromagnetic Mn-Mn pairs, in which Mn atoms keeps an intermediate valence
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95901 </DOCNO>
K(\pi, 1)'s for Artin groups of finite type


  We construct K(\pi, 1)'s for Artin groups of type C_n and D_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74398 </DOCNO>
Novel Approach to Renormalize the Electroweak Sector of the Standard


  We discuss a novel approach to renormalize the Electroweak Sector of the
Standard Model, in which \sin^2\theta_{eff}, measured at the Z^0 peak, is
identified with the basic renormalized electroweak mixing parameter. This
approach shares the desirable convergence properties of the MS scheme and
provides a framework for calculations that are strictly independent of the
electroweak scale in finite orders of perturbation theory. We illustrate the
method with updated precise calculations of \sin^2\theta_{eff} and M_W, as
functions of M_H, and comment on the implications of these calculations for the
Higgs boson search and the theoretical prediction of M_W.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96418 </DOCNO>
Deformations of the fermion realization of the sp(4) algebra and its


  With a view towards future applications in nuclear physics, the fermion
realization of the compact symplectic sp(4) algebra and its q-deformed versions
are investigated. Three important reduction chains of the sp(4) algebra are
explored in both the classical and deformed cases. The deformed realizations
are based on distinct deformations of the fermion creation and annihilation
operators. For the primary reduction, the su(2) sub-structure can be
interpreted as either the spin, isospin or angular momentum algebra, whereas
for the other two reductions su(2) can be associated with pairing between
fermions of the same type or pairing between two distinct fermion types. Each
reduction provides for a complete classification of the basis states. The
deformed induced u(2) representations are reducible in the action spaces of
sp(4) and are decomposed into irreducible representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86749 </DOCNO>
Corrections to the Newton and Coulomb potentials caused by effects of


  We use an extended quantum field theory (EQFT) hep-th/9911168 to explore
possible observational effects of the spacetime. It is shown that as it was
expected the spacetime foam can provide quantum bose fields with a cutoff at
very small scales, if the energy of zero - point fluctuations of fields is
taken into account. It is also shown that EQFT changes the behaviour of
massless fields at very large scales (in the classical region). We show that as
$r\gg 1/\mu $ the Coulomb and Newton forces acquire the behaviour $\sim 1/r$
(instead of $1/r^{2}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87064 </DOCNO>
Complex Paths and Covariance of Hawking Radiation in 2D Stringy Black


  Hawking radiation is computed in different coordinate systems using the
method of complex paths. In this procedure the event horizon of the 2D
Schwarzschild stringy black hole is treated as a singularity for the
semiclassical action functional. After the regularization of the event
horizon's singularity the emission/absorption probabilities and the Hawking
temperature in the different coordinate representations are derived. The
identical results obtained indicate the covariance of the Hawking radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86414 </DOCNO>
Black holes with hair


  I review some recent results on black holes with hair. I focus on the
magnetically charged black holes in spontaneously broken Yang-Mills-Higgs
theories and on the related self-gravitating magnetic monopoles. Some
implications for black hole thermodynamics are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123547 </DOCNO>
The Proper Motion of the Globular Cluster NGC 6553 and of Bulge Stars


  WFPC2 images obtained with the Hubble Space telescope 4.16 years apart have
allowed us to measure the proper motion of the metal rich globular cluster NGC
6553 with respect to the background bulge stars. With a space velocity of
(${\Pi}, {\Theta}, W$) = (-3.5, 230, -3) km s$^{-1}$, NGC 6553 follows the mean
rotation of both disk and bulge stars at a Galactocentric distance of 2.7 kpc.
While the kinematics of the cluster is consistent with either a bulge or a disk
membership, the virtual identity of its stellar population with that of the
bulge cluster NGC6528 makes its bulge membership more likely. The astrometric
accuracy is high enough for providing a measure of the bulge proper motion
dispersion and confirming its rotation. A selection of stars based on the
proper motions produced an extremely well defined cluster color-magnitude
diagram (CMD), essencially free of bulge stars. The improved turnoff definition
in the decontaminated CMD confirms an old age for the cluster (~13 Gyr)
indicating that the bulge underwent a rapid chemical enrichment while being
built up at in the early Universe. An additional interesting feature of the
cluster color-magnitude diagram is a significant number of blue stragglers
stars, whose membership in the cluster is firmly established from their proper
motions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4703 </DOCNO>
Critical Q=1 Potts Model and Temperley-Lieb Stochastic Processes


  We consider the groundstate wave function and spectra of the $L$-site XXZ
$U_q[s\ell(2)]$ invariant quantum spin chain with $q=\exp(\pi i/3)$. This chain
is related to the critical Q=1 Potts model and exhibits $c=0$ conformal
invariance. We show that the problem is related to Hamiltonians describing
one-dimensional stochastic processes defined on a Temperley-Lieb algebra. The
bra groundstate wave function is trivial and the ket groundstate wave function
gives the probabilty distribution of the stationary state. The stochastic
processes can be understood as interface RSOS growth models with nonlocal
rates. Allowing defects which can hop on the interface one obtains stochastic
models having the same stationary state and spectra (but not degeracies) as the
XXZ chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73285 </DOCNO>
Exclusive Hadronic Processes and Color Transparency


  We review the current status of high energy exclusive processes and color
transparency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179199 </DOCNO>
A simple functional form for proton-${}^{208}$Pb total reaction cross


  A simple functional form has been found that gives a good representation of
the total reaction cross sections for the scattering from ${}^{208}$Pb of
protons with energies in the range 30 to 300 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41830 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the Diffractive Structure Function F2D at HERA


  Recent measurements of the diffractive cross section in deep-inelastic
scattering at HERA are presented. The data are used to investigate the
factorisation properties of diffractive DIS and to examine its quantum
chromodynamic structure. Models based on the colour dipole approach to DIS are
also tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125145 </DOCNO>
Planets in 47 Tuc


  We consider the survivability of planetary systems in the globular cluster 47
Tucanae. We compute the cross sections for the breakup of planetary systems via
encounters with single stars and binaries. We also compute the cross sections
to leave planets on eccentric orbits. We find that wider planetary systems (d >
0.3 AU) are likely to be broken up in the central regions of 47 Tucanae (within
the half-mass radius of the cluster). However tighter systems, and those in
less-dense regions may survive. Tight systems will certainly survive in
less-dense clusters where subsequent surveys should be conducted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41303 </DOCNO>
B0_d - anti-B0_d Mixing and CPT tests at Belle


  We present results on the mixing parameter Delta-m_d and tests of the CPT
symmetry in the B0_d anti-B0_d mixing from the time evolution of dilepton
events on the Upsilon(4S) resonance. The analysis is based on a 5.9 fb^{-1}
data sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB accelerator from
January to July of 2001. We obtain Delta-m_d = 0.463 +- 0.008 (stat) +- 0.016
(syst) ps^{-1}. No evidence for CPT violation is found. This is the first
determination of Delta-m_d from time evolution measurements at Upsilon(4S), and
the first time that an experimental limit on |m_{B0_d} - m_{anti-B0_d}| /
m_{B0_d} has been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86952 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to the Geometrization of Matter


  We show that the sum over geometries in the Lorentzian 4-D state sum model
for quantum GR in [1] includes terms which correspond to geometries on
manifolds with conical singularities. Natural approximations suggest that they
can be interpreted as gauge bosond for the standard model, plus fermions plus
matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179747 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity Moments and Hard Processes in Relativistic Heavy Ion


  The normalized multiplicity moments and their relation with soft and hard
processes in relativistic heavy ion collisions are analyzed in a general
two-component model. It is found that, the strong fluctuations in binary
collision number N_c in minimum-bias events can enhance the hard component,
especially for the higher order moments. This enhancement can not be
effectively described by modifying the participant number in the one-component
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128735 </DOCNO>
A half-a-day long thermonuclear X-ray burst from KS 1731-260


  We report on an approximately twelve hour long X-ray flare from the low-mass
X-ray binary KS 1731-260. The flare has a rise time of less than 13 min and
declines exponentially with a decay time of 2.7 hours. The flare emission is
well described by black-body radiation with peak temperature of 2.4 keV. The
total energy release from the event is 10^{42} erg (for an assumed distance of
7 kpc). The flare has all the characteristics of thermo-nuclear X-ray bursts
(so-called type I X-ray bursts), except for its very long duration and
therefore large energy release (factor of 1500-4000 longer and 250-425 more
energy than normal type I X-ray bursts from this source). The flare is preceded
by a short and weak X-ray burst, possibly of type I. Days to weeks before the
flare, type I X-ray bursts were seen at a rate of ~3 per day. However, after
the flare type I X-ray bursting ceased for at least a month, suggesting that
the superburst affected the type I bursting behaviour. The persistent emission
is not significantly different during the non-bursting period. We compare the
characteristics of this event with similar long X-ray flares, so-called
superbursts, seen in other sources (4U 1735-44, 4U 1820-30, 4U 1636-53, Ser
X-1, GX 3+1). The event seen from KS 1731-260 is the longest reported so far.
We discuss two possible mechanisms that might cause these superbursts, unstable
carbon burning (as proposed recently) and electron capture by protons with
subsequent capture of the resulting neutrons by heavy nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3670 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity at 1 K in Cd2Re2O7


  We report the first pyrochlore oxide superconductor Cd2Re2O7.
Resistivity,magnetic susceptibility,and specific heat measurements on single
crystals evidence a bulk superconductivity at 1 K. Another phase transition
found at 200 K suggests that a peculiar electronic structure lies behind the
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73158 </DOCNO>
Radiative decays of mesons in the NJL model


  We revisit the theoretical predictions for anomalous radiative decays of
pseudoscalar and vector mesons. Our analysis is performed in the framework of
the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, introducing adequate parameters to account for
the breakdown of chiral symmetry. The results are comparable with those
obtained in previous approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125947 </DOCNO>
Do Hadronic Charge Exchange Reactions Measure Electroweak L = 1


  An eikonal model has been used to assess the relationship between calculated
strengths for first forbidden beta decay and calculated cross sections for
(p,n) charge exchange reactions. It is found that these are proportional for
strong transitions, suggesting that hadronic charge exchange reactions may be
useful in determining the spin-dipole matrix elements for astrophysically
interesting leptonic transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86784 </DOCNO>
Hoop conjecture for colliding black holes : non-time-symmetric initial


  The hoop conjecture is well confirmed in momentarily static spaces, but it
has not been investigated systematically for the system with relativistic
motion. To confirm the hoop conjecture for non-time-symmetric initial data, we
consider the initial data of two colliding black holes with momentum and search
an apparent horizon that encloses two black holes. In testing the hoop
conjecture, we use two definitions of gravitational mass : one is the ADM mass
and the other is the quasi-local mass defined by Hawking. Although both
definitions of gravitational mass give fairly consistent picture of the hoop
conjecture, the hoop conjecture with the Hawking mass can judge the existence
of an apparent horizon for wider range of parameters of the initial data
compared to the ADM mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113620 </DOCNO>
Gravitation and Forces Induced by Zero-Point Phenomena


  A recent proposal asserts that gravitational forces arise due to an
interaction between matter and vacuum electromagnetic zero-point radiation. The
present analysis demonstrates that forces induced on matter by zero-point
radiation arise in addition to gravitational forces. It is argued that
zero-point radiation should be red-shifted near large gravitational sources
while remaining essentially undetectable within freely falling reference
frames. On this basis, an effective weight of an observer stationed near the
surface of the Earth is derived for the case when zero-point radiation is
present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3165 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of the correlation dimension at metal-insulator transitions


  We investigate numerically the inverse participation ratio, $P_2$, of the 3D
Anderson model and of the power-law random banded matrix (PRBM) model at
criticality. We found that the variance of $\ln P_2$ scales with system size
$L$ as $\sigma^2(L)=\sigma^2(\infty)-A L^{-D_2/2d}$, being $D_2$ the
correlation dimension and $d$ the system dimension. Therefore the concept of a
correlation dimension is well defined in the two models considered. The 3D
Anderson transition and the PRBM transition for $b=0.3$ (see the text for the
definition of $b$) are fairly similar with respect to all critical magnitudes
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76232 </DOCNO>
Parity Doublets from a Relativistic Quark Model


  The Nucleon- and the Lambda-excitation spectrum exhibit parity doublets, i.e.
states of the same spin but with opposite parity being almost degenerate in
mass. It is shown that in a relativistic quark model with instantaneous
interaction kernels, where confinement is implemented by a linearly rising
potential and the major mass splittings are generated from an interaction based
on instanton effects, this degeneracy occurs quite naturally: Once the
parameters of the instanton induced interaction are fixed to reproduce the
ground state octet-decuplet splittings, some states are selectively lowered to
a position which is degenerate with states of opposite parity. Some observable
consequences are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86780 </DOCNO>
Generally covariant Fresnel equation and the emergence of the light cone


  We study the {\em propagation of electromagnetic waves} in a spacetime devoid
of a metric but equipped with a {\em linear} electromagnetic spacetime relation
$H\sim\chi\cdot F$. Here $H$ is the electromagnetic excitation $({\cal D},{\cal
H})$ and $F$ the field strength $(E,B)$, whereas $\chi$ (36 independent
components) characterizes the electromagnetic permittivity/permeability of
spacetime. We derive analytically the corresponding Fresnel equation and show
that it is always quartic in the wave covectors. We study the `Fresnel tensor
density' ${\cal G}^{ijkl}$ as (cubic) function of $\chi$ and identify the
leading part of $\chi$ (20 components) as indispensable for light propagation.
Upon requiring electric/magnetic reciprocity of the spacetime relation, the
leading part of $\chi$ induces the {\em light cone} structure of spacetime (9
components), i.e., the spacetime metric up to a function. The possible
existence of an Abelian {\em axion} field (1 component of $\chi$) and/or of a
{\em skewon} field (15 components) and their effect on light propagation is
discussed in some detail. The newly introduced skewon field is expected to be
T-odd and related to dissipation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2911 </DOCNO>
Optimal Quantum Pumps


  We study adiabatic quantum pumps on time scales that are short relative to
the cycle of the pump. In this regime the pump is characterized by the matrix
of energy shift which we introduce as the dual to Wigner's time delay. The
energy shift determines the charge transport, the dissipation, the noise and
the entropy production. We prove a general lower bound on dissipation in a
quantum channel and define optimal pumps as those that saturate the bound. We
give a geometric characterization of optimal pumps and show that they are
noiseless and transport integral charge in a cycle. Finally we discuss an
example of an optimal pump related to the Hall effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41366 </DOCNO>
Compact Frontend-Electronics and Bidirectional 3.3 Gbps Optical Datalink


  The 9600 channels of the multi-wire proportional chamber of the H1 experiment
at HERA have to be read out within 96 ns and made available to the trigger
system. The tight spatial conditions at the rear end flange require a compact
bidirectional readout electronics with minimal power consumption and dead
material.
  A solution using 40 identical optical link modules, each transferring the
trigger information with a physical rate of 4 x 832 Mbps via optical fibers,
has been developed and commisioned. The analog pulses from the chamber can be
monitored and the synchronization to the global HERA clock signal is ensured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73074 </DOCNO>
Bursts of gravitational radiation from superconducting cosmic strings


  Berezinsky, Hnatyk and Vilenkin showed that superconducting cosmic strings
could be central engines for cosmological gamma-ray bursts and for producing
the neutrino component of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. A consequence of this
mechanism would be that a detectable cusp-triggered gravitational wave burst
should be released simultaneously with the $\gamma$-ray surge. If contemporary
measurements of both $\gamma$ and $\nu$ radiation could be made for any
particular source, then the cosmological time-delay between them might be
useful for putting unprecedently tight bounds on the neutrino mass spectrum.
Such measurements could consistently verify or rule out the model, since
strictly correlated behaviour is expected for the duration of the event and for
the time variability of the spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5257 </DOCNO>
Non-Relativistic Electron Transport in Metals: A Monte Carlo Approach


  A simple Monte Carlo procedure is described for simulating the multiple
scattering and absorption of electrons with the incident energy in the range
1-50 keV moving through a slab of uniformly distributed material of given
atomic number, density and thickness. The simulation is based on a screened
Rutherford cross-section and Bethe continuous energy-loss equation. A FORTRAN
program is written to determine backscattering, transmission and absorption
coefficients, providing the user with a graphical output of the electron
trajectories. The results of several simulations are presented by using various
numbers of electrons, showing a good agreement with the experiment. The program
is used to analyze the relation between the energy and the range of electron in
the slab, the backscattering, absorption, transmission coefficients and the
angular distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149900 </DOCNO>
Production of the Standard Model From a Kaluza-Klein Theory


  The Standard Model plus gravitation is produced from the Kaluza-Klein theory
of pure gravity in six dimensions with fields depending on theta and phi, two
compactified coordinates. The theory is called KK(theta, phi). When KK(theta,
phi) is quantized, the Planck masses of the massive Fourier modes, representing
the dependence upon theta and phi, are quantum corrected downward to
elemmentary particle masses, rendering them observable. KK(theta, phi) explains
the origins of the elementary particles, Maxwell's equations, the Dirac
equation, the weak interactions and the strong interactions. Quark confinement,
asymptotic freedom and chiral symmetry breaking are acheived. Ten parameters
unexplained in the Standard Model are produced from KK(theta, phi). Superweak
vectors with precisely determined masses are predicted. Testable predictions
that new leptons exist are made. In KK(theta, phi), the cosmological constant
vanishes naturally. KK(theta, phi) is trivially anomaly-free. The relationship
between quantum mechanics and general relativity is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40971 </DOCNO>
BES R measurements and $J/\psi$ decays


  R measurement results in 2--5 GeV region by BESII is reported in this talk.
The study on $\sigma$ particle in $J/\psi \to \omega \pi^+ \pi^-$, based on
$7.8 \times 10^6$ BESI $J/\psi$ data, is also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126581 </DOCNO>
Sersic 159-03: discovery of the brightest soft X-ray excess emitting


  The soft X-ray excess emission in the southern cluster Sersic 159-03
represents hiterto the strongest effect of its kind. Emission in the ~0.2-0.4
keV passband is detected far in excess of the expected contribution from the
hot phase of the intra-cluster medium, and extends to the X-ray signal limit of
the cluster. Our analysis of ROSAT PSPC observations reveal that the soft
excess can be interpreted as either a thermal or non-thermal effect, and the
high data quality allows to place tight constraints on the two currently
competing models. However, each model now implies major revisions to our
understanding of clusters of galaxies: either `warm' gas masses in similar
amounts to the hot gas, or relativistic particles in or above equipartition
with the hot phase, appear to be unavoidable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126226 </DOCNO>
r-Process in Prompt Supernova Explosions Revisited


  We reanalyze $r$-process nucleosynthesis in the neutron-rich ejecta from a
prompt supernova explosion of a low-mass (11 M$_\odot$) progenitor. A pompt
explosion is not yet ruled out as a possibility for low-mass supernova
progenitors. Moreover, there is mounting evidence that a new $r$-process site
may be required. Hence, we assume that a prompt explosion can occur and make a
study of r-process nucleosynthesis in the supernova ejecta. To achieve a prompt
explosion we have performed a general relativistic hydrodynamic simulation of
adiabatic collapse and bounce using a relativistic nuclear-matter equation of
state. The electron fraction $Y_e$ during the collapse was fixed at the
initial-model value. The size of the inner collapsing core was then large
enough to enable a prompt explosion to occur. Adopting the calculated
trajectories of promptly ejected material, we explicitly computed the burst of
neutronization due to electron captures on free protons in the photodissociated
ejecta after the passage of the shock. The thermal and compositional evolution
of the resulting neutron-rich ejecta originating from near the surface of
proto-neutron star was obtained. These were used in nuclear reaction network
calculations to evaluate the products of $r$-process nucleosynthesis. We find
that, unlike earlier studies, the amount of $r$-process material ejected per
supernova is quite consistent with observed galactic $r$-process abundances.
Furthermore, the computed $r$-process abundances are in good agreement with
Solar abundances of $r$-process elements for A$> 100$. This suggests that
prompt supernovae are still a viable $r$-process site. Such events may be
responsible for the abundances of the heaviest $r$-process nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129227 </DOCNO>
The Intrinsic Shapes of Molecular Cloud Fragments over a Range of Length


  We decipher intrinsic three-dimensional shape distributions of molecular
clouds, cloud cores, Bok globules, and condensations using recently compiled
catalogues of observed axis ratios for these objects mapped in carbon monoxide,
ammonia, through optical selection, or in continuum dust emission. We apply
statistical techniques to compare assumed intrinsic axis ratio distributions
with observed projected axis ratio distributions. Intrinsically triaxial shapes
produce projected distributions which agree with observations. Molecular clouds
mapped in $^{12}$CO are intrinsically triaxial but more nearly prolate than
oblate, while the smaller cloud cores, Bok globules, and condensations are also
intrinsically triaxial but more nearly oblate than prolate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123749 </DOCNO>
Finding Galaxy Clusters using Voronoi Tessellations


  We present an objective and automated procedure for detecting clusters of
galaxies in imaging galaxy surveys. Our Voronoi Galaxy Cluster Finder (VGCF)
uses galaxy positions and magnitudes to find clusters and determine their main
features: size, richness and contrast above the background. The VGCF uses the
Voronoi tessellation to evaluate the local density and to identify clusters as
significative density fluctuations above the background. The significance
threshold needs to be set by the user, but experimenting with different choices
is very easy since it does not require a whole new run of the algorithm. The
VGCF is non-parametric and does not smooth the data. As a consequence, clusters
are identified irrispective of their shape and their identification is only
slightly affected by border effects and by holes in the galaxy distribution on
the sky. The algorithm is fast, and automatically assigns members to
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150164 </DOCNO>
Walls from fluxes: An analytic RG-flow


  We construct supergravity solutions describing the near horizon limit of D1D5
systems with non-trivial boundary conditions. Upon reduction to five dimensions
they define Melvin universes with NS--NS/RR fluxes, that smoothly interpolate
between two different AdS_3 geometries which define fixed points for the
RG--flow of the dual field theory. We discuss the decoupling limits at the two
ends of the flow. We also present a systematic study of the global properties
of our solution. In particular we show how, although the AdS_3 x S^3 global
isometry group is broken down to SU(2)_R x U(1)^3 by global identifications, a
full two-dimensional conformal group of isometries, with the expected central
charge, is restored at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7000 </DOCNO>
Brownian Dynamics Studies on DNA Gel Electrophoresis. II. `Defect'


  By means of the Brownian dynamics (BD) method of simulations we have
developed, we study dynamics of individual DNA undergoing constant field gel
electrophoresis (CFGE), focusing on the relevance of the `defect' concept due
to de Gennes in CFGE. The corresponding embodiment, which we call {\it slack
beads} (s-beads) is explicitly introduced in our BD model. In equilibrium under
a vanishing field the distance between s-beads and their hopping range are
found to be randomly distributed following a Poisson distribution. In the
strong field range, where a chain undergoes the elongation-contraction motion,
s-beads are observed to be alternatively annihilated in elongation and created
in contraction of the chain. On the other hand, the distribution of hopping
range of s-beads does not differ much from that in equilibrium. The results
indicate that the motion of the chain elongated consists of a huge number of
random movements of s-beads. We have also confirmed that these features of
s-beads agree qualitatively with those of s-monomers in the extended bond
fluctuation model (EBFM) which we recently proposed. The coincidence of the two
simulations strongly supports the stochastic semi-local movement of s-monomers
which we {\it a priori} introduced into the EBFM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148864 </DOCNO>
Finite Temperature Bosonic Closed Strings: Thermal Duality and the KT


  We elucidate the properties of a gas of free closed bosonic strings in
thermal equilibrium. Our starting point is the intensive generating functional
of connected one-loop closed bosonic string vacuum graphs on which we impose
invariance under a timelike T-duality transformation. Invariance of the
Polyakov path integral under thermal duality transformations gives a modular
invariant expression for the free energy of free closed strings at finite
temperature. We show that a Z_2 twist in Euclidean time is necessary for the
absence of spurious vector bosons in the massless spectrum at finite
temperature thereby resolving an ambiguity in the Euclidean time prescription
for perturbative string theory. The spurious modes have no correspondence among
the propagating degrees of freedom in a finite temperature gauge theory. We
find that states localized at the fixed points of the orbifold contribute a
constant term to the entropy but are otherwise absent from the thermodynamic
potentials including both the internal energy and specific heat. We show that a
Kosterlitz-Thouless continuous phase transition at the self-dual temperature
results in the formation of the long string phase in a self-dual gas of free
closed strings at high temperature. There is no Hagedorn transition in the free
energy of the free bosonic string gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40941 </DOCNO>
Searches for Neutral Higgs Bosons in e+e- Collisions around sqrt(s) =


  Searches for neutral Higgs bosons in the Standard Model and the MSSM have
been performed using data collected by the DELPHI experiment at a
centre-of-mass energy of 188.7 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity
of 158 pb^{-1}. These analyses are used, in combination with our results from
lower energies, to set new 95% confidence level lower mass bounds on the
Standard Model Higgs boson (94.6 GeV/c^2) and on the lightest neutral scalar
(82.6 GeV/c^2) and neutral pseudoscalar (84.1 GeV/c^2) Higgs bosons in a
representative scan of the MSSM parameters. The results are also interpreted in
the framework of a general two-Higgs doublet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1527 </DOCNO>
Dimensional crossover in half-filled and lightly doped N-leg Hubbard


  We study the dimensional crossover from 1D to 2D in half-filled and lightly
doped, weakly interacting N-leg Hubbard ladders. In this case, the Hubbard
ladders are equivalent to a N-band model. Using renormalization group
techniques, we find, that the half-filled ladders exhibit (in the spin-sector)
an odd-even effect only below a crossover energy E_{c}\propto exp[-a exp(c N)]
(a<<1 and c\sim 1), i.e., below E_{c}, the interactions take place only within
band pairs (j,N+1-j) [and within the band (N+1)/2 for N odd], such that
even-leg ladders are an insulating spin-liquid, while odd-leg ladders have one
gapless spinon-mode. In contrast, above the energy-scale E_{c}, all bands are
interacting with each other and the system is a 2D-like (insulating)
antiferromagnet; we obtain an analytical expression for the Hamiltonian which
is similar to the 2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Bosonization techniques show,
that the Mott insulator is as well below and above E_{c} of the same type as in
N/2 half-filled two-leg ladders; the charge-sector is therefore the same in 1D
and 2D. Doping away from half-filling, we find that the effect of an increasing
doping is very similar to decreasing the number of legs N: In both cases
interactions between unpaired bands are suppressed and the antiferromagnetic
correlations are reduced. The resulting band pairs (j,N+1-j) are then
insulating spin-liquids and when doped, there is a spin-gap, but phase
coherence exists only within pairs of Fermi momenta (k_{Fj},pi-k_{Fj}) and
(pi-k_{Fj},k_{Fj}). At higher doping levels delta_{c}=delta_{c}(N), phase
coherence between all bands sets in and the system becomes a 2D-like d-wave
superconductor (delta_{c} goes to 0 in the 2D limit).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7236 </DOCNO>
A Hydrodynamic model for a dynamical jammed-to-flowing transition in


  Granular material on an inclined plane will flow like a fluid if the angle
$\theta$ the plane makes with the horizontal is large enough. We employ a
modification of a hydrodynamic model introduced previously to describe Couette
flow experiments to describe chute flow down a plane. In this geometry, our
model predicts a jammed-to-flowing transition as $\theta$ is increased even
though it does not include solid friction, which might seem necessary to
stabilize a state without flow. The transition is driven by coupling between
mean and fluctuating velocity. In agreement with experiments and simulations,
it predicts flow for layers with a thickness H larger than a critical value
$H_{\rm stop}(\theta)$ and absence of flow for $H<H_{\rm stop}(\theta)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124130 </DOCNO>
Submillimeter mapping and analysis of cold dust condensations in the


  We present here the continuum submillimeter maps of the molecular cloud
around the M42 Nebula in the Orion region. These have been obtained in four
wavelength bands (200, 260, 360 and 580 microns) with the ProNaOS two meter
balloon-borne telescope. The area covered is 7 parsecs wide (50 arcmin at a
distance of 470 pc) with a spatial resolution of about 0.4 parsec. Thanks to
the high sensitivity to faint surface brightness gradients, we have found
several cold condensations with temperatures ranging from 12 to 17 K, within 3
parsecs of the dense ridge. The statistical analysis of the temperature and
spectral index spatial distribution shows an evidence of an inverse correlation
between these two parameters. Being invisible in the IRAS 100 micron survey,
some cold clouds are likely to be the seeds for future star formation activity
going on in the complex. We estimate their masses and we show that two of them
have masses higher than their Jeans masses, and may be gravitationally
unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1270 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Particle Dynamics in Slow, Dense Granular Couette Flow


  Experimental measurements of particle dynamics on the lower surface of a 3D
Couette cell containing monodisperse spheres are reported. The average radial
density and velocity profiles are similar to those previously measured within
the bulk and on the lower surface of the 3D cell filled with mustard seeds.
Observations of the evolution of particle velocities over time reveal distinct
motion events, intervals where previously stationary particles move for a short
duration before jamming again. The cross-correlation between the velocities of
two particles at a given distance $r$ from the moving wall reveals a
characteristic lengthscale over which the particles are correlated. The
autocorrelation of a single particle's velocity reveals a characteristic
timescale $\tau$ which decreases with distance from the inner moving wall. This
may be attributed to the increasing rarity at which the discrete motion events
occur and the reduced duration of those events at large $r$. The relationship
between the RMS azimuthal velocity fluctuations, $\delta v_\theta(r)$, and
average shear rate, $\dot\gamma(r)$, was found to be $\delta v_\theta \propto
\dot\gamma^\alpha$ with $\alpha = 0.52 \pm 0.04$. These observations are
compared with other recent experiments and with the modified hydrodynamic model
recently introduced by Bocquet et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 822 </DOCNO>
Escape time in anomalous diffusive media


  We investigate the escape behavior of systems governed by the one-dimensional
nonlinear diffusion equation $\partial_t \rho = \partial_x[\partial_x U\rho] +
D\partial^2_x \rho^\nu$, where the potential of the drift, $U(x)$, presents a
double-well and $D, \nu$ are real parameters. For systems close to the steady
state we obtain an analytical expression of the mean first passage time,
yielding a generalization of Arrhenius law. Analytical predictions are in very
good agreement with numerical experiments performed through integration of the
associated Ito-Langevin equation. For $\nu\neq 1$ important anomalies are
detected in comparison to the standard Brownian case. These results are
compared to those obtained numerically for initial conditions far from the
steady state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86325 </DOCNO>
General relativistic analysis of peculiar velocities


  We give a careful general relativistic and (1+3)-covariant analysis of
cosmological peculiar velocities induced by matter density perturbations in the
presence of a cosmological constant. In our quasi-Newtonian approach,
constraint equations arise to maintain zero shear of the non-comoving
fundamental worldlines which define a Newtonian-like frame, and these lead to
the (1+3)-covariant dynamical equations, including a generalized Poisson-type
equation. We investigate the relation between peculiar velocity and peculiar
acceleration, finding the conditions under which they are aligned. In this case
we find (1+3)-covariant relativistic generalizations of well-known Newtonian
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97517 </DOCNO>
Surfaces in 3-space possessing nontrivial deformations which preserve


  The class of surfaces in 3-space possessing nontrivial deformations which
preserve principal directions and principal curvatures (or, equivalently, the
shape operator) was investigated by Finikov and Gambier as far back as in 1933.
We review some of the known examples and results, demonstrate the integrability
of the corresponding Gauss-Codazzi equations and draw parallels between this
geometrical problem and the theory of compatible Poisson brackets of
hydrodynamic type. It turns out that coordinate hypersurfaces of the
n-orthogonal systems arising in the theory of compatible Poisson brackets of
hydrodynamic type must necessarily possess deformations preserving the shape
operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168617 </DOCNO>
Analysis of 1 and 2 Particle Quantum Systems using Geometric Algebra


  When two or more subsystems of a quantum system interact with each other they
can become entangled. In this case the individual subsystems can no longer be
described as pure quantum states. For systems with only 2 subsystems this
entanglement can be described using the Schmidt decomposition. This selects a
preferred orthonormal basis for expressing the wavefunction and gives a measure
of the degree of entanglement present in the system. The extension of this to
the more general case of n subsystems is not yet known. We present a review of
this process using the standard representation and apply this method to the
geometric algebra representation. This latter form has the advantage of
suggesting a generalisation to n subsystems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1066 </DOCNO>
Quantum Groups, Strings and HTSC materials


  Previously we have indicated the relationship between quantum groups and
strings via WZWN models. In this note we discuss this relationship further and
point out its possible applications to cuprates and related materials. The
connection between quantum groups and strings is one way of seeing the validity
of our previous conjecture [i.e. that a theory for cuprates may be constructed
on the basis of quantum groups]. The cuprates seems to exhibit statistics,
dimensionality and phase transitions in novel ways. The nature of excitations
[i.e. quasiparticle or collective] must be understood. The Hubbard model
captures some of the behaviour of the phase transitions in these materials. On
the other hand the phases such as stripes in these materials bear relationship
to quantum group or string-like solutions. One thus expects that the relevant
solutions of Hubbard model may thus be written in terms of stringy solutions.
In short this approach may lead to the non-perturbative formualtion of Hubbard
and other condensed matter Hamiltonians. The question arises that how a 1-d
based symmetry such as quantum groups can be relevant in describing a 3-d
[spatial dimensions] system such as cuprates. The answer lies in the key
observation that strings which are 1-d objects can be used to describe physics
in $d$ dimensions. For example gravity [which is a 3-d [spatial] plus time]
phenomenon can be understood in terms of 1-d strings. Thus we expect that 1-d
quantum group object induces physics in 2-d and 3-d which may be relevant to
the cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128395 </DOCNO>
The Unusually Long Duration Gamma-ray Burst GRB 000911


  Of all the well localized gamma-ray bursts, GRB 000911 has the longest
duration (T_90 ~ 500 s), and ranks in the top 1% of BATSE bursts for fluence.
Here, we report the discovery of the afterglow of this unique burst. In order
to simultaneously fit our radio and optical observations, we are required to
invoke a model involving an hard electron distribution, p ~ 1.5 and a jet-break
time less than 1.5 day. A spectrum of the host galaxy taken 111 days after the
burst reveals a single emission line, interpreted as [OII] at a redshift z =
1.0585, and a continuum break which we interpret as the Balmer limit at this
redshift. Despite the long T_90, the afterglow of GRB 000911 is not unusual in
any other way when compared to the set of afterglows studied to date. We
conclude that the duration of the GRB plays little part in determining the
physics of the afterglow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127505 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis of s-elements in zero-metal AGB stars


  Contrary to previous expectations, recent evolutionary models of
zero-metallicity stars show that the development of mixing episodes at the
beginning of the AGB phase allows low- and intermediate-mass stars to
experience thermal pulses. If these stars, like their metal-rich counterparts,
also experience partial mixing of protons from the H-rich envelope into the
C-rich layers at the time of the third dredge-up, an extensive neutron capture
nucleosynthesis leads to the production of s-process nuclei up to Pb and Bi.
Nucleosynthesis calculations based on stellar AGB models are performed assuming
a parameterized H-abundance profile below the convective envelope at the time
of the third dredge-up. Despite the absence of Fe-group elements, the large
neutron flux resulting from the 13C(alpha,n)16O reaction leads to an efficient
production of s-process elements starting from the neutron captures on the C-Ne
isotopes. Provided partial mixing of protons takes place, it is shown that
population III AGB stars should be enriched in s-process elementsand overall in
Pb and Bi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84022 </DOCNO>
User-friendly explanations for constraint programming


  In this paper, we introduce a set of tools for providing user-friendly
explanations in an explanation-based constraint programming system. The idea is
to represent the constraints of a problem as an hierarchy (a tree). Users are
then represented as a set of understandable nodes in that tree (a cut).
Classical explanations (sets of system constraints) just need to get projected
on that representation in order to be understandable by any user. We present
here the main interests of this idea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1238 </DOCNO>
Autonomous multispecies reaction-diffusion systems with


  Autonomous multispecies systems with more-than-two-neighbor interactions are
studied. Conditions necessary and sufficient for closedness of the evolution
equations of the $n$-point functions are obtained. The average number of the
particles at each site for one species and three-site interactions, and its
generalization to the more-than-three-site interactions is explicitly obtained.
Generalizations of the Glauber model in different directions, using generalized
rates, generalized number of states at each site, and generalized number of
interacting sites, are also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168461 </DOCNO>
Representation of Joint Measurement in Quantum Mechanics. A Refutation


  An inconsistency is pointed out within Quantum Mechanics as soon as
successive joint measurements are involved on entangled states. The resolution
of the inconsistency leads to a refutation of the use of entangled states as
eigenvectors. Hence, the concept of quantum teleportation, which is based on
the use of such entangled states--the Bell states--as eigenvectors, is
demonstrated to be irrelevant to Quantum Mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97919 </DOCNO>
Classification of generalized symmetries of the Yang-Mills fields with a


  A complete classification of generalized symmetries of the Yang-Mills
equations on Minkowski space with a semi-simple structure group is carried out.
It is shown that any generalized symmetry, up to a generalized gauge symmetry,
agrees with a first order symmetry on solutions of the Yang-Mills equations.
Let $g=g_1+...+g_n$ be the decomposition of the Lie algebra $g$ of the
structure group into simple ideals. First order symmetries for $g$-valued
Yang-Mills fields are found to consist of gauge symmetries, conformal
symmetries for $g_m$-valued Yang-Mills fields, $1\leq m\leq n$, and their
images under a complex structure of $g_m$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86307 </DOCNO>
Regular Type III and Type N Approximate Solutions


  New type III and type N approximate solutions which are regular in the linear
approximation are shown to exist. For that, we use complex transformations on
self-dual Robinson-Trautman metrics rather then the classical approach. The
regularity criterion is the boundedness and vanishing at infinity of a scalar
obtained by saturating the Bel-Robinson tensor of the first approximation by a
time-like vector which is constant with respect to the zeroth approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86054 </DOCNO>
Measuring the relativistic pericenter advance in the gravitational field


  One of the most famous classical tests of General Relativity is the
gravitoelectric secular advance of the pericenter of a test body in the
gravitational field of a central mass. In this paper we explore the possibility
of performing a measurement of the gravitoelectric pericenter advance in the
gravitational field of the Earth by analyzing the laser-ranged data to some
existing, or proposed, laser-ranged geodetic satellites. At the present level
of knowledge of various error sources, the relative precision obtainable with
the data from LAGEOS and LAGEOS II, suitably combined, is of the order of
$10^{\rm -3}$. Nevertheless, these accuracies could sensibly be improved in the
near future when the new data on the terrestrial gravitational field from the
CHAMP and GRACE missions will be available. The use of the perigee of LARES
(LAser RElativity Satellite), in the context of a suitable combination of
orbital residuals including also LAGEOS II, should further raise the precision
of the measurement. As a secondary outcome of the proposed experiment, with the
so obtained value of $\ppn$ and with $\et=4\beta-\gamma-3$ from Lunar Laser
Ranging it could be possible to obtain an estimate of the PPN parameters
$\gamma$ and $\beta$ at the $10^{-2}-10^{-3}$ level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148130 </DOCNO>
Discrete torsion orbifolds and D-branes II


  The consistency of the orbifold action on open strings between D-branes in
orbifold theories with and without discrete torsion is analysed carefully. For
the example of the C^3/Z_2 x Z_2 theory, it is found that the consistency of
the orbifold action requires that the D-brane spectrum contains branes that
give rise to a conventional representation of the orbifold group as well as
branes for which the representation is projective. It is also shown how the
results generalise to the orbifolds C^3/Z_N x Z_N for which a number of novel
features arise. In particular, the N>2 theories with minimal discrete torsion
have non-BPS branes charged under twisted R-R potentials that couple to none of
the (known) BPS branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6026 </DOCNO>
Current induced forces upon atoms adsorbed on conducting carbon


  We calculate the forces acting upon species adsorbed on a single wall carbon
nanotube, in the presence of electric currents. We present a self consistent
real space Green function method, which enables us to calculate the current
induced forces from an ab-initio Hamiltonian. The method is applied to
calculate the force on an adsorbed O atom on a (5,5) carbon nanotube, for
different bias voltages and adsorption sites. For good contact regimes and
biases of the order of Volts, the presence of a current can affect the
potential energy surfaces considerably. Implications of these effects for the
induced diffusion of the species are analyzed. The dependence of the force with
the nanotube radius is studied. In addition, the magnitude of inelastic
electron scattering, inducing vibrational heating, and its influence on the
adsorbates' drift, is commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97436 </DOCNO>
The Plancherel decomposition for a reductive symmetric space I. The


  We prove the Plancherel formula for spherical Schwartz functions on a
reductive symmetric space. Our starting point is an inversion formula for
spherical smooth compactly supported functions. The latter formula was earlier
obtained from the most continuous part of the Plancherel formula by means of a
residue calculus. In the course of the present paper we also obtain new proofs
of the uniform tempered estimates for normalized Eisenstein integrals and of
the Maass-Selberg relations satisfied by the associated C-functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77021 </DOCNO>
Brane fluctuation and the electroweak chiral Lagrangian


  We use the external field method to study the electroweak chiral Lagrangian
of the extra dimension model with brane fluctuation. Under the assumption that
the contact terms between the matters of the standard model and KK excitations
are heavily suppressed, we use the standard procedure to integrate out the
quantum fields of KK excitations and the equation of motion to eliminate the
classic fields of KK excitations. At one-loop level, we find that up to the
order $O(p^4)$, due to the momentum conservation of the fifth dimension and the
gauge symmetry of the zero modes, there is no constraint on the size of extra
dimension. This result is consistent with the decoupling theorem. However,
meaningful constraints can come from those operators in $O(p^6)$, which can
contribute considerably to some anomalous vector couplings and can be
accessible in the LC and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73496 </DOCNO>
Inflationary Baryogenesis


  In this letter we explore the possibility of creating the baryon asymmetry of
the universe during inflation and reheating due to the decay of a field
associated with the inflaton. CP violation is attained by assuming that this
field is complex with a phase that varies as the inflaton evolves. We consider
chaotic and natural inflation scenarios. In the former case, the complex
decaying field is the inflaton itself and, in the latter case, the phase of the
complex field is the inflaton. We calculate the asymmetry produced using the
Bogolyubov formalism that relates annihilation and creation operators at late
time to the annihilation and creation operators at early time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96430 </DOCNO>
The Structure of the Inverse to the Sylvester Resultant Matrix


  Given polynomials a(z) of degree m and b(z) of degree n, we represent the
inverse to the Sylvester resultant matrix of a(z) and b(z), if this inverse
exists, as a canonical sum of m+n dyadic matrices each of which is a rational
function of zeros of a(z) and b(z). As a result, we obtain the polynomial
solutions X(z) of degree n-1 and Y(z) of degree m-1 to the equation
a(z)X(z)+b(z)Y(z)=c(z), where c(z) is a given polynomial of degree m+n-1, as
follows: X(z) is a Lagrange interpolation polynomial for the function c(z)/a(z)
over the set of zeros of b(z) and Y(z) is the one for the function c(z)/b(z)
over the set of zeros of a(z).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2573 </DOCNO>
Deterministic and stochastic behaviour of non-Brownian spheres in


  The dynamics of macroscopically homogeneous sheared suspensions of neutrally
buoyant, non-Brownian spheres is investigated in the limit of vanishingly small
Reynolds numbers using Stokesian dynamics. We show that the complex dynamics of
sheared suspensions can be characterized as a chaotic motion in phase space and
determine the dependence of the largest Lyapunov exponent on the volume
fraction $\phi$. The loss of memory at the microscopic level of individual
particles is also shown in terms of the autocorrelation functions for the two
transverse velocity components. Moreover, a negative correlation in the
transverse particle velocities is seen to exist at the lower concentrations, an
effect which we explain on the basis of the dynamics of two isolated spheres
undergoing simple shear. In addition, we calculate the probability distribution
function of the velocity fluctuations and observe, with increasing $\phi$, a
transition from exponential to Gaussian distributions.
  The simulations include a non-hydrodynamic repulsive interaction between the
spheres which qualitatively models the effects of surface roughness and other
irreversible effects, such as residual Brownian displacements, that become
particularly important whenever pairs of spheres are nearly touching. We
investigate the effects of such a non-hydrodynamic interparticle force on the
scaling of the particle tracer diffusion coefficient $D$ for very dilute
suspensions, and show that, when this force is very short-ranged, $D$ becomes
proportional to $\phi^2$ as $\phi \to 0$. In contrast, when the range of the
non-hydrodynamic interaction is increased, we observe a crossover in the
dependence of $D$ on $\phi$, from $\phi^2$ to $\phi$ as $\phi \to 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99006 </DOCNO>
Rigidit\'e d'Einstein du plan hyperbolique complexe


  We prove that every Einstein metric on the unit ball B^4 of C^2, asymptotic
to the Bergman metric, is equal to it up to a diffeomorphism. We need a
solution of Seiberg--Witten equations in this infinite volume setting.
Therefore, and more generally, if M^4 is a manifold with a CR-boundary at
infinity, an adapted spinc-structure which has a non zero Kronheimer--Mrowka
invariant and an asymptotically complex hyperbolic Einstein metric, we produce
a solution of Seiberg--Witten equations with an strong exponential decay
property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124697 </DOCNO>
Membership, lithium, and metallicity in the young open clusters IC 2602


  We present lithium abundances for ~50 X-ray selected candidate members of the
30-50 Myr old open clusters IC 2602 and IC 2391. These data enlarge and extend
to cooler temperatures previous Li surveys of these clusters by Stauffer et al.
(1989) and Randich et al. (1997). We also give for the first time an estimate
of the metallicity of the two clusters which turns out to be close to solar.
Radial velocity measurements together with Halpha chromospheric emission and
the presence/absence of other spectroscopic features are used to ascertain the
membership status for the sample stars not yet confirmed as cluster members;
rotational velocities have also been determined for all sample stars. Stars
more massive than ~1 Mo in both clusters show no sign of significant Li
depletion, while lower mass stars are all lithium depleted, with the amount of
Li depletion increasing to cooler temperatures. We confirm that the late G and
early K stars in IC 2602 present a star-to-star scatter in Li abundances
similar to, but not as large as the one in the Pleiades. A scatter is also seen
among late-K and M dwarfs. Unlike in the Pleiades and Alpha Per clusters, the
scatter among early-K stars in IC 2602 shows only marginal correlation with
rotation. Our data suggest that the drop-off of lithium towards lower masses
may start at an earlier color in IC 2391 than in IC 2602, but larger cluster
samples are needed to confirm this result. In addition, whereas G and early K
stars in the two clusters are, on average, more Li rich than their counterparts
in the Pleiades, a fraction of the coolest stars, in particular in IC 2391, are
as depleted as as the lowest-Li Pleiades stars of the same mass. If they
continue depleting Li on their way to the main sequence, they are expected to
be more Li depleted than the Pleiades at the age of the latter cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6206 </DOCNO>
Effective forces in colloidal mixtures: from depletion attraction to


  Computer simulations and theory are used to systematically investigate how
the effective force between two big colloidal spheres in a sea of small spheres
depends on the basic (big-small and small-small) interactions. The latter are
modeled as hard-core pair potentials with a Yukawa tail which can be both
repulsive or attractive. For a repulsive small-small interaction, the effective
force follows the trends as predicted by a mapping onto an effective
non-additive hard-core mixture: both a depletion attraction and an accumulation
repulsion caused by small spheres adsorbing onto the big ones can be obtained
depending on the sign of the big-small interaction. For repulsive big-small
interactions, the effect of adding a small-small attraction also follows the
trends predicted by the mapping. But a more subtle ``repulsion through
attraction'' effect arises when both big-small and small-small attractions
occur: upon increasing the strength of the small-small interaction, the
effective potential becomes more repulsive. We have further tested several
theoretical methods against our computer simulations: The superposition
approximation works best for an added big-small repulsion, and breaks down for
a strong big-small attraction, while density functional theory is very accurate
for any big-small interaction when the small particles are pure hard-spheres.
The theoretical methods perform most poorly for small-small attractions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 521 </DOCNO>
WIMP searches with superheated droplet detectors: Status and Prospects


  SIMPLE (Superheated Instrument for Massive ParticLE searches) employs
superheated droplet detectors (SDDs) to search for Weakly Interacting Massive
Particle (WIMP) dark matter. As a result of the intrinsic SDD insensitivity to
minimum ionizing particles and high fluorine content of target liquids,
competitive WIMP limits were already obtained at the early prototype stage. We
comment here on the expected immediate increase in sensitivity of the program
and on future plans to exploit this promising technnique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97888 </DOCNO>
Universal bounds on the selfaveraging of random diffraction measures


  We consider diffraction at random point scatterers on general discrete point
sets in $\R^\nu$, restricted to a finite volume. We allow for random amplitudes
and random dislocations of the scatterers. We investigate the speed of
convergence of the random scattering measures applied to an observable towards
its mean, when the finite volume tends to infinity. We give an explicit
universal large deviation upper bound that is exponential in the number of
scatterers. The rate is given in terms of a universal function that depends on
the point set only through the minimal distance between points, and on the
observable only through a suitable Sobolev-norm. Our proof uses a cluster
expansion and also provides a central limit theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97547 </DOCNO>
Matrix algebras converge to the sphere for quantum Gromov--Hausdorff


  On looking at the literature associated with string theory one finds
statements that a sequence of matrix algebras converges to the 2-sphere (or to
other spaces). There is often careful bookkeeping with lengths, which suggests
that one is dealing with ``quantum metric spaces''. We show how to make these
ideas precise by means of Berezin quantization using coherent states. We work
in the general setting of integral coadjoint orbits for compact Lie groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95793 </DOCNO>
The McMillan theorem for a class of asymptotically abelian C*-algebras


  An extension of the Shannon-McMillan-Breiman theorem to a class of
non-commutative dynamical systems is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73164 </DOCNO>
Model of Soft CP Violation


  We propose a model of soft CP violation that evades the strong CP problem and
can describe observed CP violation in the neutral kaon sector, both direct and
indirect. Our model requires two ``duark'' mesons carrying quark number two
that have complex (CP-violating) bare masses and are coupled to quark pairs.
Aside from the existence of these potentially observable new particles with
masses of several hundred GeV, we predict a flat unitarity triangle ({\it
i.e.,} no observable direct CP violation in the $B$-meson sector) and a
possibly anomalous branching ratio for the decay mode $K^+\to \pi^++\bar{\nu}
\nu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179751 </DOCNO>
Pion-only, chiral light-front model of the deuteron


  We investigate the symptoms of broken rotational invariance, caused by the
use of light front dynamics, for deuterons obtained using one- and
two-pion-exchange potentials. A large mass splitting between states with m=0
and m=1 is found for the deuteron obtained from the one-pion-exchange (OPE)
potential. The size of the splitting is smaller when the chiral
two-pion-exchange (TPE) potential is used. When the TPE potential constructed
without chiral symmetry is used, the deuteron becomes unbound. These results
arise from significant relativistic effects which are much larger than those of
the Wick-Cutkosky model because of the presence of the tensor force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72929 </DOCNO>
Testing cosmological supersymmetry breaking


  Banks has proposed a relation between the scale of supersymmetry breaking and
the cosmological constant in de Sitter space. His proposal has a natural
extension to a general FRW cosmology, in which the supersymmetry breaking scale
is related to the Hubble parameter. We study one consequence of such a
relation, namely that coupling constants change as the universe evolves. We
find that the most straightforward extension of Banks' proposal is disfavored
by experimental bounds on variation of the fine structure constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40866 </DOCNO>
A Novel Optical Package for ATLAS Pixel Detector


  An optical package of novel design has been developed for the ATLAS pixel
detector. The package contains two VCSELs and one PIN diode to transmit and
receive optical signals. The design is based on a simple connector-type concept
and is made of radiation-hard material. Several packages have been fabricated
and show promising results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 490 </DOCNO>
Spin Environment Engineering for a Persistent Current Qubit


  A persistent current qubit has two quantum states with opposite currents
flowing in a superconducting loop. Their magnetic field couple to nuclear
spins. The qubit state is not only perturbed by the spins but it also gets
entangled with the spins' state on a very short timescale. However, when the
same spins are exposed to a strong but less than critical external magnetic
field, then the qubit field is just a small perturbation on top of the external
field and the entanglement with each spin is negligible. For a qubit which is
more microscopic than certain threshold this partial entanglement results in
negligible partial decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169503 </DOCNO>
Inequivalence of pure state ensembles for open quantum systems: the


  An open quantum system in steady state $\hat\rho_{ss}$ can be represented by
a weighted ensemble of pure states $\hat\rho_{ss}=\sum_{k}\wp_{k}\ket{\psi_k}
\bra{\psi_k}$ in infinitely many ways. A physically realizable (PR) ensemble is
one for which some continuous measurement of the environment will collapse the
system into a pure state $\ket{\psi(t)}$, stochastically evolving such that the
proportion of time for which $\ket{\psi(t)} = \ket{\psi_{k}}$ equals $\wp_{k}$.
Some, but not all, ensembles are PR. This constitutes the preferred ensemble
fact, with the PR ensembles being the preferred ensembles. We present the
necessary and sufficient conditions for a given ensemble to be PR, and
illustrate the method by showing that the coherent state ensemble is not PR for
an atom laser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72401 </DOCNO>
SU(3) Chiral Symmetry in Non-Relativistic Field Theory


  Applications imposing SU(3) chiral symmetry on non-relativistic field theory
are considered. The first example is a calculation of the self-energy shifts of
the spin-3/2 decuplet baryons in nuclear matter, from the chiral effective
Lagrangian coupling octet and decuplet baryon fields. Special attention is paid
to the self-energy of the delta baryon near the saturation density of nuclear
matter. We find contributions to the mass shifts from contact terms in the
effective Lagrangian with coefficients of unknown value. As a second
application, we formulate an effecive field theory with manifest SU(2) chiral
symmetry for the interactions of K and eta mesons with pions at low energy.
SU(3) chiral symmetry is imposed on the effective field theory by a matching
calculation onto three-flavor chiral perturbation theory. The effective
Lagrangian for the pi-K and pi-eta sectors is worked out to order Q^4; the
effective Lagrangian for the K-K sector is worked out to order Q^2 with contact
interactions to order Q^4. As an application of the method, we calculate the KK
s-wave scattering phase shift at leading order and compare with chiral
perturbation theory. We conclude with a discussion of the limitations of the
approach and propose new directions for work where the matching calculation may
be useful.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126832 </DOCNO>
Is KPD 1930+2752 a good SN Ia progenitor?


  We investigate the evolution of a binary system which initially has an
orbital period of 2^h 17^m and contains a 0.5 M_sun helium star with a white
dwarf companion of 0.97 M_sun, similarly to suggested SN Ia candidate
progenitor KPD 1930+2752. We show that the helium star completes core helium
burning and becomes a white dwarf before components merge. The most probable
outcome of the merger of components is formation of a massive white dwarf,
despite initially the total mass of the system is above the Chandrasekhar mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128006 </DOCNO>
Possible Infrared Counterparts to the Soft Gamma-Ray Repeater SGR


  We report the discovery of possible infrared counterparts to SGR 1806-20. We
use archival {\it Chandra} observations to determine the location of SGR
1806-20 to $<1 \arcsec$ accuracy. We then locate 2 infrared objects within this
error circle in K-band ($2.2 \mu$m) images of this field. Based on the X-ray
absorption towards SGR 1806-20 and the extinction towards the nearby star
cluster, we discuss the likelihood of association for the possible
counterparts, and the implications for SGR 1806-20's physical properties and
origins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41741 </DOCNO>
Photon-Photon and Electron-Photon Colliders with Energies Below a TeV


  We investigate the potential for detecting and studying Higgs bosons in
$\gamma\gamma$ and $e\gamma$ collisions at future linear colliders with
energies below a TeV. Our study incorporates realistic $\gamma\gamma$ spectra
based on available laser technology, and NLC and CLIC acceleration techniques.
Results include detector simulations. We study the cases of: a) a SM-like Higgs
boson based on a devoted low energy machine with $\sqrt{s_{ee}}\le 200$ GeV; b)
the heavy MSSM Higgs bosons; and c) charged Higgs bosons in $e\gamma$
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125534 </DOCNO>
The Real and Redshift Space Density Distribution Function for


  We use the spherical collapse (SC) approximation to derive expressions for
the smoothed redshift-space probability distribution function (PDF), as well as
the $p$-order hierarchical amplitudes $S_p$, in both real and redshift space.
We compare our results with numerical simulations, focusing on the $\Omega=1$
standard CDM model, where redshift distortions are strongest. We find good
agreement between the SC predictions and the numerical PDF in real space even
for $\sigma_L \simgt 1$, where $\sigma_L$ is the linearly-evolved rms
fluctuation on the smoothing scale. In redshift space, reasonable agreement is
possible only for $\sigma_L \simlt 0.4$. Numerical simulations also yield a
simple empirical relation between the real-space PDF and redshift-space PDF: we
find that for $\sigma \simlt 1$, the redshift space PDF, P[\delta_z], is, to a
good approximation, a simple rescaling of the real space PDF, P[\delta], i.e.,
P[\delta/\sigma] d[\delta/\sigma] = P[\delta_z/\sigma_z] d[\delta_z/\sigma_z],
where $\sigma$ and \sigma_z are the real-space and redshift-space rms
fluctuations, respectively. This result applies well beyond the validity of
linear perturbation theory, and it is a good fit for both the standard CDM
model and the Lambda-CDM model. It breaks down for SCDM at $\sigma \approx 1$,
but provides a good fit to the \Lambda-CDM models for $\sigma$ as large as 0.8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168230 </DOCNO>
On the Nonlocality of the Quantum Channel in the Standard Teleportation


  By exhibiting a violation of a novel form of the Bell-CHSH inequality,
Zukowski has recently established that the quantum correlations exploited in
the standard perfect teleportation protocol cannot be recovered by any local
hidden variables model. Allowing the quantum channel state in the protocol to
be given by any density operator of two spin-1/2 particles, we show that a
violation of a generalized form of Zukowski's teleportation inequality can only
occur if the channel state, considered by itself, violates a Bell-CHSH
inequality. On the other hand, although it is sufficient for a teleportation
process to have a nonclassical fidelity-defined as a fidelity exceeding
2/3-that the channel state employed violate a Bell-CHSH inequality, we show
that such a violation does not imply a violation of Zukowski's teleportation
inequality or any of its generalizations. The implication does hold, however,
if the fidelity of the teleportation exceeds $2/3(1+1/2\sqrt{2})\approx .90$,
suggesting the existence of a regime of nonclassical values of the fidelity,
less than .90, for which the standard teleportation protocol can be modelled by
local hidden variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96464 </DOCNO>
Symmetric Logic Synthesis with Phase Assignment


  Decomposition of any Boolean Function BF_n of n binary inputs into an optimal
inverter coupled network of Symmetric Boolean functions SF_k (k \leq n) is
described. Each SF component is implemented by Threshold Logic Cells, forming a
complete and compact T-Cell Library. Optimal phase assignment of input
polarities maximizes local symmetries. The "rank spectrum" is a new BF_n
description independent of input ordering, obtained by mapping its minterms
onto an othogonal n \times n grid of (transistor-) switched conductive paths,
minimizing crossings in the silicon plane. Using this ortho-grid structure for
the layout of SF_k cells, without mapping to T-cells, yields better area
efficiency, exploiting the maximal logic path sharing in SF's. Results obtained
with an optimization tool "Ortolog" based on these concepts, for very fast
O(n^2) detecting and enhancing local symmetries of a BF_n, are reported.
Relaxing symmetric- to planar- Boolean functions is sketched, to improve low-
symmetry BF decomposition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97708 </DOCNO>
An algebraic model for rational S^1-equivariant stable homotopy theory


  Greenlees defined an abelian category A whose derived category is equivalent
to the rational S^1-equivariant stable homotopy category whose objects
represent rational S^1-equivariant cohomology theories. We show that in fact
the model category of differential graded objects in A (dgA) models the whole
rational S^1-equivariant stable homotopy theory. That is, we show that there is
a Quillen equivalence between dgA and the model category of rational
S^1-equivariant spectra, before the quasi-isomorphisms or stable equivalences
have been inverted. This implies that all of the higher order structures such
as mapping spaces, function spectra and homotopy (co)limits are reflected in
the algebraic model. The new ingredients here are certain Massey product
calculations and the work on rational stable model categories from
"Classification of stable model categories" and "Equivalences of monoidal model
categories" with Schwede. In an appendix we show that Toda brackets, and hence
also Massey products, are determined by the triangulated derived category.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113441 </DOCNO>
Chirality and helicity in terms of topological spin and topological


  In this article the concept of enantiomorphism is developed in terms of
topological, rather than geometrical, concepts. Chirality is to be associated
with enantiomorphic pairs which induce Optical Activity, while Helicity is to
be associated enantiomorphic pairs which induce a Faraday effect.
Experimentally, the existence of enantiomorphic pairs is associated with the
lack of a center of symmetry, which is also serves as a necessary condition for
Optical Activity. However, Faraday effects may or may not require a lack of a
center of symmetry. The two species of enantiomorphic pairs are distinct, as
the rotation of the plane of polarization by Optical Activity is a reciprocal
phenomenon, while rotation of the plane of polarization by the Faraday effect
is a non-reciprocal phenomenon. From a topological viewpoint, Maxwell's
electrodynamics indicates that the concept of Chirality is to be associated
with a third rank tensor density of Topological Spin induced by the interaction
of the 4 vector potentials {A,phi} and the field excitations {D,H}. The
distinct concept of Helicity is to be associated with the third rank tensor
field of Topological Torsion induced by the interaction of the 4 vector
potentials and field intensities {E,B}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73020 </DOCNO>
Letting Real-Virtual Cancellations Happen by Themselves in QCD


  Calculations of observables in quantum chromodynamics are typically performed
using a method that combines numerical integrations over the momenta of final
state particles with analytical integrations over the momenta of virtual
particles. I review a method for performing all of the integrations
numerically. In this method, the real-virtual cancellations happen inside the
integrals -- simply because they are built into the Feynman rules. I indicate
promising topics for further research on this subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125248 </DOCNO>
Chandra and ASCA X-ray Observations of the Radio Supernova SN1979C IN


  We report on the X-ray observation of the radio selected supernova SN1979C
carried out with ASCA in 1997 December and serendipitously available from a
Chandra Guaranteed Time Observation in 1999 November. The supernova, of type SN
II-Linear (SN IIL), was first observed in the optical and occurred in the
weakly barred, almost face on spiral galaxy NGC 4321 (M100). The galaxy, a
member of the Virgo S cluster, is at a distance of 17.1 Mpc, and contains at
least three other supernovae discovered in this century. The useful exposure
time was ~25 ks for the Solid-State Imaging Spectrometer (SIS), ~28 ks for the
Gas Scintillation Imaging Spectrometer (GIS), and ~2.5 ks for Chandra's
Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS). No point source was detected at the
radio position of SN1979C in a 3' diameter half power response circle in the
ASCA data. The background and galaxy subtracted SN signal had a 3sigma upper
limit to the flux of 6.3x10^-14 ergs/s/cm^-2 in the full ASCA SIS band
(0.4-10.0 keV) and a 3sigma upper limit of <3-4x10^-14 erg/s/cm^2 in the 2-10
keV band. In the Chandra data, a source at the position of SN1979C is
marginally detected at energies below 2 keV at a flux consistent with the ROSAT
HRI detection in 1995. At energies above 2 keV, no source is detected with an
upper limit of ~3x10^-14 erg/s/cm^-2. These measurements give the first ever
x-ray flux limit of a Type IIL SN above 2 keV which is an important diagnostic
of the outgoing shock wave ploughing through the circumstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99264 </DOCNO>
Geometric (pre)quantization in the polysymplectic approach to field


  The prequantization map for a Poisson-Gerstenhaber algebra of dynamical
variables represented by differential forms within the polysymplectic
formulation of the De Donder-Weyl covariant Hamiltonian field theory is
presented and the corresponding prequantum Schroedinger equation for a
non-homogeneous form valued wave function is derived. This is the first step
toward understanding the procedures of covariant precanonical field
quantization introduced earlier from the point of view of geometric
quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169090 </DOCNO>
Exact results for accepting probabilities of quantum automata


  One of the properties of Kondacs-Watrous model of quantum finite automata
(QFA) is that the probability of the correct answer for a QFA cannot be
amplified arbitrarily. In this paper, we determine the maximum probabilities
achieved by QFAs for several languages. In particular, we show that any
language that is not recognized by an RFA (reversible finite automaton) can be
recognized by a QFA with probability at most 0.7726...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129727 </DOCNO>
Baryon Oscillations in the Large Scale Structure


  We study the possibility for an observational detection of oscillations due
to baryons in the matter power spectrum and suggest a new cosmological test
using the angular power spectrum of halos. The "standard rulers" of the
proposed test involve overall shape of the matter power spectrum and baryon
oscillation peaks in projection, as a function of redshift. Since oscillations
are erased at non-linear scales, traces at redshifts greater than 1 are
generally preferred. Given the decrease in number density of clusters at high
redshift, however, one is forced to use tracers corresponding to galaxy groups
and galaxies themselves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179503 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature effects on the antikaon optical potential


  By solving the Bethe-Goldstone equation, we have obtained the $\bar{K}$
optical potential from the $\bar{K}N$ effective interaction in nuclear matter
at T=0. We have extended the model by incorporating finite temperature effects
in order to adapt our calculations to the experimental conditions in heavy-ion
collisions. In the rank of densities ($0-2\rho_0$), the finite temperature
$\bar{K}$ optical potential shows a smooth behaviour if we compare it to the
T=0 outcome. Our model has also been applied to the study of the ratio between
$K^+$ and $K^-$ produced at GSI with $T$ around 70 MeV. Our results point at
the necessity of introducing an attractive $\bar{K}$ optical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97130 </DOCNO>
Topological geodesics and virtual rigidity


  We introduce the notion of a topological geodesic in a 3-manifold. Under
suitable hypotheses on the fundamental group, for instance word-hyperbolicity,
topological geodesics are shown to have the useful properties of, and play the
same role in several applications as, geodesics in negatively curved spaces.
This permits us to obtain virtual rigidity results for 3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74032 </DOCNO>
What heavy quanta bounds could be inferred from a Higgs discovery?


  The Higgs couplings can receive non-decoupling corrections due to heavy
quanta, and deviations from the SM can be used to test its presence. The
possible Higgs signal recently reported at LEP, with mh=115 GeV, severely
constrains the presence of heavy quanta, such as a heavy fourth family. At
Tevatron, the Higgs production by gluon fusion, followed by the decay h -> WW*,
can also be used to probe the existence of heavy colored particles, including
additional families, chiral sextet and octet quarks. Within the MSSM, we also
find that gluon fusion is a sensitive probe for the squark spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97269 </DOCNO>
On gradings of matrix algebras and descent theory


  We classify gradings on matrix algebras by a finite abelian group. A grading
is called good if all elementary matrices are homogeneous. For cyclic groups,
all gradings on a matrix algebra over an algebraically closed field are good.
We can count the number of good gradings by a cyclic group. Using descent
theory, we classify non-good gradings on a matrix algebra that become good
after a base extension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149045 </DOCNO>
Orientifold in Conifold and Quantum Deformation


  We describe orientifold operation defining O3 plane in the conifold
background by deriving it from that of O4 plane in the Type IIA brane
construction by T-duality. We find that both $O3^+$ and $O3^-$ are at the tip
of the cone so that there is no net untwisted RR charge. RG analysis shows that
we need two `fractional' branes for the conformal invariance in orientifolded
conifold. We argue that the gravity solution is the same as Klebanov and
Tsyetlin since SUGRA cannot distinguish the orientifolds and D branes in this
case. We describe the duality cascade as well as the quantum deformation of the
moduli space of the field theory in the presence of the orientifold.
 The finitely resolved conifold does not allow the orientifold, while deformed
conifold leaves us an unresolved issue on supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167931 </DOCNO>
Photon position operators and localized bases


  We extend a procedure for construction of the photon position operators with
transverse eigenvectors and commuting components [Phys. Rev. A 59, 954 (1999)]
to body rotations described by three Euler angles. The axial angle can be made
a function of the two polar angles, and different choices of the functional
dependence are analogous to different gauges of a magnetic field. Symmetries
broken by a choice of gauge are re-established by transformations within the
gauge group. The approach allows several previous proposals to be related.
Because of the coupling of the photon momentum and spin, our position operator,
like that proposed by Pryce, is a matrix that does not commute with the spin
operator. Unlike the Pryce operator, however, our operator has commuting
components, but the commutators of these components with the total angular
momentum require an extra term to rotate the matrices for each vector component
around the momentum direction. Several proofs of the nonexistence of a photon
position operator with commuting components are based on overly restrictive
premises that do not apply here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 880 </DOCNO>
Electronic properties of single and coupled anisotropic quantum dots in


  We determined the eigenstates of a single electron in a parabolic anisotropic
2D quantum dot in a magnetic field. Using obtained expressions for these
eigenstates, we study the spin coupling J between two electrons located in two
laterally coupled anisotropic quantum dots (QD). The exhange coupling J is
calculated using the Heitler-London and Hund-Mulliken approaches. We found that
the exhange J changes sign at certain values of parameters of the system, in
particular at certain anisotropy of the QD. Therefore, we present a new method
to switch on and off the spin coupling between QD: switching by means of
changing shape of the QD. Switching the spin coupling is essential for quantum
computation using electronic spins as qubits. We note that our calculations can
be applied to the system of vertically coupled QD as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6110 </DOCNO>
The structure of the superconducting gap in MgB2 from point-contact


  We have studied the structure of the superconducting gap in MgB2 thin films
by means of point-contact spectroscopy using a gold tip. The films were
produced by depositing pure boron on a sapphire substrate, using e-beam
evaporation, followed by reaction with magnesium vapour. The films have a Tc of
38.6 +- 0.3 K and resistivity of about 20 microOhm cm at 40 K. The
point-contact spectra prove directly the existence of a multi-valued order
parameter in MgB2, with two distinct values of the gap, DELTA1=2.3+-0.3 meV and
DELTA2=6.2+-0.7 meV at 4.2 K. Analysis of the spectra in terms of the
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk model reveals that both gaps close simultaneously at
the Tc of the film. Possible mechanisms that can explain the intrinsic
co-existence of two values of the gap are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179721 </DOCNO>
phi puzzle in heavy-ion collisions at 2 AGeV: how many K-from phi


  The preliminary experimental data on $\phi$ production in the reaction
Ni(1.93 AGeV) + Ni point to a puzzling high $\phi$ yield which can not be
reproduced with present transport codes. We survey the experimental situation
and present prospects for dedicated measurements of the $\phi$ multiplicities
with the $K^+ K^-$ and $e^+ e^-$ channels at HADES and FOPI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127952 </DOCNO>
New Constraints on the Nature of Radio Emission in Sagittarius A*


  The mm to sub-mm spectrum of Sgr A* at the Galactic center, as well as its
polarization characteristics, are consistent with the inner 10 Schwarzschild
radii of a tight Keplerian emitting region of hot, magnetized, orbiting gas.
This plasma may also be the source through self-Comptonization of the X-rays
detected by Chandra. It has long been suspected that the circularization region
between the quasi-spherical infall at large radii, and this inner zone, is
responsible for producing the rest of Sgr A*'s spectrum. In this paper, we
report the results of a detailed study of this region. First, the combination
of existing cm and X-ray data preclude the possibility of producing the
observed strong 1.36 GHz radio flux via thermal synchrotron within a bounded
flow. If Sgr A*'s radio spectrum is produced by accreting gas, it appears that
a non-thermal particle distribution is a necessity. Second, if this is the
correct picture for how Sgr A*'s spectrum is produced, it appears that the
Chandra-detected X-rays may originate either from self-Comptonization in the
inner Keplerian region, or from optically-thin nonthermal synchrotron emission
in the much larger, circularization zone, extending up to 500 Schwarzschild
radii or more. This is a question that should be answered by upcoming broadband
observations, since the mm-bump and X-rays are strongly correlated in the
former case, whereas the X-rays are strongly correlated to the cm-radio flux in
the latter. In addition, X-rays produced in the circularized gas could show
periodic or quasi-periodic variations, but not those produced via nonthermal
synchrotron emission much farther out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125965 </DOCNO>
A sample of 6C radio sources designed to find objects at redshift > 4:


  (Abridged) This is the second in a series of three papers which present and
interpret basic observational data on the 6C* 151-MHz radio sample: a
low-frequency selected sample which exploits filtering criteria based on radio
properties (steep spectral index and small angular size) to find radio sources
at redshift z > 4 within a 0.133sr patch of sky. We present results of a
programme of optical spectroscopy which has yielded redshifts in the range 0.5
< z < 4.4 for the 29 sources in the sample, all but six of which are secure. We
find that the fil tering criteria used for 6C* are very effective in excluding
the low-redshift, low-luminosity radio sources: the median redshift of 6C* is
z~1.9 compared to z~1.1 for a complete sample matched in 151-MHz flux density.
By combining the emission-line dataset for the 6C* radio sources with those for
the 3CRR, 6CE and 7CRS samples we establish that z > 1.75 radio galaxies follow
a rough proportionality between Lyalpha- and 151 MHz-luminosity which, like
similar correlations seen in samples of lower-redshift radio sources, are
indicative of a primary link between the power in the source of the
photoionising photons (most likely a hidden quasar nucleus) and the power
carried by the radio jets. We argue that radio sources modify their
environments and that the range of emission-line properties seen is determined
more by the range of source age than by the range in ambient environment. This
is in accord with the idea that all high-redshift, high-luminosity radio
sources are triggered in similar environments, presumably recently collapsed
massive structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5819 </DOCNO>
Importance of Magnetism in Phase Stability, Equations of State, and


  The effects of magnetism on high pressure properties of transition metals and
transition metal compounds can be quite important. In the case of Fe, magnetism
is responsible for stability of the body-centered cubic (bcc) phase at ambient
conditions, and the large thermal expansivity in face-centered cubic (fcc)
iron, and also has large effects on the equation of state and elasticity of
hexagonal close-packed (hcp) iron. We find evidence for non-collinear magnetism
in hcp iron below about 50 GPa. In transition metal oxides, local magnetic
moments are responsible for their insulating behavior. LDA+U results are
presented for CoO and FeO, and predictions are made for high pressure
metallization. The inclusion of a local Coulomb repulsion, $U$, greatly
inhibits the high-spin low-spin transitions found with conventional
exchange-correlation functionals (i.e. generalized gradient corrections, GGA).
We discuss theory and computations for the effects of magnetism on high
pressure cohesive properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1837 </DOCNO>
Raman spectrum and lattice parameters of MgB2 as a function of pressure


  We report Raman spectra and synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements of
lattice parameters of polycrystalline MgB2 under hydrostatic pressure
conditions up to 15 GPa. An anomalously broadened Raman band at 620 cm-1 is
observed that exhibits a large linear pressure shift of its frequency. The
large mode damping and Gruneisen parameter indicate a highly anharmonic nature
of the mode, broadly consistent with theoretical predictions for the E2g
in-plane boron stretching mode. The results obtained may provide additional
constraints on the electron-phonon coupling in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40927 </DOCNO>
Momentum Resolution Improvement Technique for Silicon Tracking Detectors


  A technique for improving the momentum resolution for low momentum charged
particles in few layer silicon based trackers is presented. The particle
momenta are determined from the measured Landau dE/dx distribution and the
Bethe-Bloch formula in the 1/beta^2 region. It is shown that a factor of two
improvement of the momentum determination is achieved as compared to standard
track fitting methods. This improvement is important in large scale heavy ion
experiments which cover the low transverse momentum spectra using stand-alone
silicon tracking devices with a few planes like the ones used in STAR at RHIC
and ALICE at LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179116 </DOCNO>
Nuclear fragmentation by tunneling


  Fragmentation of nuclear system by tunneling is discussed in a molecular
dynamics simulation coupled with imaginary time method. In this way we obtain
informations on the fragmenting systems at low densities and temperatures.
These conditions cannot be reached normally (i.e. above the barrier) in
nucleus-nucleus or nucleon-nucleus collisions. The price to pay is the small
probability of fragmentation by tunneling but we obtain observables which can
be a clear signature of such phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5575 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects on dynamics of instabilities in Bose-Einstein


  Dynamics of fluctuations in unstable Bose-Einstein condensates is analyzed by
the solution of approximate operator equations. In the case of a condensate
with a negative scattering length the present treatment describes a delay of
collapse, in agreement with recent experiments. In the case of a collision of
two condensate wavepackets it is shown that quantum effects lead to a Bose
enhancement of elastic-scattering losses. In both cases the noncondensate atoms
are formed as entangled pairs in squeezed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129623 </DOCNO>
Early humps in WZ Sge stars


  Photometric humps in outburst that are locked with the binary orbital period
have been observed exclusively in the early phase of outbursts of WZ Sge stars.
It is suggested that this "early hump" phenomenon is the manifestation of the
tidal 2:1 resonance in accretion disks of binary systems with extremely low
mass ratios. The "early humps" can be understood by the two-armed spiral
pattern of tidal dissipation generated by the 2:1 resonance, first discussed by
Lin & Papaloizou (1979). The tidal removal of angular momentum from the disk
during outbursts of dwarf novae, an important feature, is discussed in the
context of the disk instability model. The ordering of tidal truncation radius,
the 3:1 and 2:1 resonance radius in systems of different mass ratio naturally
leads to a classification of dwarf nova systems in three groups according to
their mass ratio. The WZ Sge stars are those systems which have the lowest mass
ratios and are therefore characterized by "early humps".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114257 </DOCNO>
Scaling of acceleration in locally isotropic turbulence


  The variances of the fluid-particle acceleration and of the pressure-gradient
and viscous force are given. The scaling parameters for these variances are
velocity statistics measureable with a single-wire anemometer. For both high
and low Reynolds numbers, asymptotic scaling formulas are given; these agree
quantitatively with DNS data. Thus, the scaling can be presumed known for all
Reynolds numbers. Fluid-particle acceleration variance does not obey K41
scaling at any Reynolds number; this is consistent with recent experimental
data. The non-dimensional pressure-gradient variance named lambda-sub{T}
/lambda-sub{P} is shown to be obsolete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73851 </DOCNO>
Ambiguity in source flux of high-energy cosmic/astrophysical neutrinos:


  For high energy cosmic neutrinos Athar, Jezabek, and Yasuda (AJY) have
recently shown that the existing data on neutrino oscillations suggests that
cosmic neutrino flux at the AGN/GRB source, F(nu_e):F(nu_mu):F(nu_tau) approx
1:2:0, oscillates to F(nu_e):F(nu_mu):F(nu_tau) approx 1:1:1. These results can
be confirmed at AMANDA, Baikal, ANTARES and NESTOR, and other neutrino
detectors with a good flavor resolution. Here, we re-derive the AJY result from
quasi bi-maximal mixing, and show that observation of
F(nu_e):F(nu_mu):F(nu_tau) approx 1:1:1 does not necessarily establish cosmic
neutrino flux at the AGN/GRB source to be F(nu_e):F(nu_mu):F(nu_tau) approx
1:2:0. We also note that if the length scale for the quantum-gravity induced
de-coherence for astrophysical neutrinos is of the order of a Mpc, then
independent of the MNS matrix, the Liu-Hu-Ge (LHG) mechanism would lead to flux
equalization for the cosmic/astrophysical neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150221 </DOCNO>
The Past, puzzles, and promise of 6-branes


  The fact that both the D6-brane and the orientifold 6-plane have smooth,
horizon-free descriptions in M-theory makes them especially useful in
understanding certain aspects of brane physics. We briefly review how this
connection has been used to understand a number of effects, several of which
are associated with the Hanany-Witten transition. One particular outcome is a
"confinement mod 2" effect for zero-branes in the background of a single
D8-brane. We also discuss an interesting puzzle associated with flux-expulsion
from D6-branes in this context. Finally, we discuss the promise of using a
similar M-theoretic description of the orientifold 6-plane to understand the
consistency of stringy negative energy objects with the 2nd law of black hole
thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126273 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Studies with Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) explosions from the first generation of stars offer an
exciting opportunity to probe the epoch of reionization. Clues about how and
when the intergalactic medium was ionized can be read off their UV emission
spectrum. Roughly a percent of all GRBs should be strongly gravitationally
lensed by intervening stars. A microlensed lightcurve can be inverted to
reconstruct the surface brightness profile of the GRB image on the sky, with
micro-arcsecond resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75945 </DOCNO>
Gravity-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking in the Brane World


  We study the transmission of supersymmetry breaking via gravitational
interactions in a five-dimensional brane-world compactified on $S^1/Z_2$. We
assume that chiral matter and gauge fields are confined at the orbifold fixed
points, where supersymmetry is spontaneously broken by effective brane
superpotentials. Using an off-shell supergravity multiplet we integrate out the
auxiliary fields and examine the couplings between the bulk supergravity fields
and boundary matter fields. The corresponding tree-level shift in the bulk
gravitino mass spectrum induces one-loop radiative masses for the boundary
fields. We calculate the boundary gaugino and scalar masses for arbitrary
values of the brane superpotentials, and show that the mass spectrum reduces to
the Scherk-Schwarz limit for arbitrarily large values of the brane
superpotentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2411 </DOCNO>
X-ray dichroism and orbital anapoles


  We present a theoretical analysis of photo-absorption spectroscopies in
noncentrosymmetric systems, covering both x-ray and optical regions. Integrated
dichroic spectra are interpreted using microscopic effective operators, which
are obtained by coupling the orbital angular momentum to the orbital anapole.
Symmetry arguments afford a classification of valence-electron states in the
presence of parity nonconserving hybridisation. Enantiomorphism is identified
by a two-particle chiral operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148887 </DOCNO>
Lorentz Invariance of the Pure Spinor BRST Cohomology for the


  In a previous paper, the BRST cohomology in the pure spinor formalism of the
superstring was shown to coincide with the light-cone Green-Schwarz spectrum by
using an SO(8) parameterization of the pure spinor. In this paper, the SO(9,1)
Lorentz generators are explicitly constructed using this SO(8)
parameterization, proving the Lorentz invariance of the pure spinor BRST
cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114166 </DOCNO>
Characterization of a Low Frequency Power Spectral Density f^(-gamma) in


  his study investigates the modifications of the thermal spectrum, at low
frequency, induced by an external damping on a system in heat contact with
internal fluctuating impurities. Those impurities can move among locations and
their oscillations are associated with a loss function depending on the model.
The fluctuation properties of the system are provided by a potential function
shaped by wells, in such a way that jumps between the stationary positions are
allowed. The power spectral density associated with this dissipation mechanism
shows a f^(-gamma)tail. The interest of this problem is that many systems are
characterized by a typical f^(-\gamma) spectral tail at low frequency. The
model presented in this article is based on a threshold type behaviour and its
generality allows applications in several fields. The effects of an external
force, introduced to produce damping, are studied by using both analytical
techniques and numerical simulations. The results obtained with the present
model show that no reduction of the power spectral density is appreciable below
the main peak of the spectral density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179729 </DOCNO>
Particle Ratios, Equilibration, and the QCD Phase Boundary


  We discuss the status of thermal model descriptions of particle ratios in
central nucleus-nucleus collisions at ultra-relativistic energy. An alternative
to the
 ``Cleymans-Redlich'' interpretation of the freeze-out trajectory is given in
terms of the total baryon density. Emphasis is placed on the relation between
the chemical equilibration parameters and the QCD phase boundary. Furthermore,
we trace the essential difference between thermal model analyses of data from
collisions between elementary particles and from heavy ion collisions as due to
a transition from local strangeness conservation to percolation of strangeness
over large volumes, as occurs naturally in a deconfined medium.
 We also discuss predictions of the thermal model for composite particle
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 767 </DOCNO>
Electronic and structural properties of superconducting diborides and


  We report a detailed study of the electronic and structural properties of the
39K superconductor \mgbtwo and of several related systems of the same family,
namely \mgalbtwo, \bebtwo, \casitwo and \cabesi. Our calculations, which
include zone-center phonon frequencies and transport properties, are performed
within the local density approximation to the density functional theory, using
the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) and the
norm-conserving pseudopotential methods. Our results indicate essentially
three-dimensional properties for these compounds; however, strongly
two-dimensional $\sigma$-bonding bands contribute significantly at the Fermi
level. Similarities and differences between \mgbtwo and \bebtwo (whose
superconducting properties have not been yet investigated) %it is not yet know
if it is a superconductor) are analyzed in detail. Our calculations for
\mgalbtwo show that metal substitution cannot be fully described in a rigid
band model. \casitwo is studied as a function of pressure, and Be substitution
in the Si planes leads to a stable compound similar in many aspects to
diborides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75421 </DOCNO>
How well can we predict CP asymmetry in $B\to \pi\pi$, $K\pi$ decays?


  Using the perturbative QCD amplitudes for $B\to \pi\pi$ and $B\to K\pi$, we
have performed an extensive study of the parameter space where the theoretical
predictions for the branching ratios are consistent with recent experimental
data. From this allowed range of parameter space, we predict the mixing induced
CP asymmetry for $B \to \pi^+\pi^-$ with about 11% uncertainty and the other CP
asymmetries for $B\to \pi\pi$, $K\pi$ with 40% ~ 47% uncertainty. These errors
are expected to be reduced as we restrict the parameter space by studying other
decay modes and by further improvements in the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148250 </DOCNO>
On the Super Field Realization of Super Casimir Wa(n)-Algebras


  We give an explicit quantum super field construction of the N=2 super Casimir
WA(n)-algebras, which is obtained from supersymmetric Miura transformation for
the Lie superalgebra A(n,n-1). And also we give an extension of this algebra
including a super vertex operator which depends on simple root system of
A(n,n-1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2458 </DOCNO>
Lethality and centrality in protein networks


  In this paper we present the first mathematical analysis of the protein
interaction network found in the yeast, S. cerevisiae. We show that, (a) the
identified protein network display a characteristic scale-free topology that
demonstrate striking similarity to the inherent organization of metabolic
networks in particular, and to that of robust and error-tolerant networks in
general. (b) the likelihood that deletion of an individual gene product will
prove lethal for the yeast cell clearly correlates with the number of
interactions the protein has, meaning that highly-connected proteins are more
likely to prove essential than proteins with low number of links to other
proteins. These results suggest that a scale-free architecture is a generic
property of cellular networks attributable to universal self-organizing
principles of robust and error-tolerant networks and that will likely to
represent a generic topology for protein-protein interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127561 </DOCNO>
Nova Sagittarii 1998 (V4633 Sgr) - a permanent superhump system or an


  We report the results of observations of V4633 Sgr (Nova Sagittarii 1998)
during 1998-2000. Two photometric periodicities were present in the light curve
during the three years of observations: a stable one at P=3.014 h, which is
probably the orbital period of the underlying binary system, and a second one
of lower coherence, approximately 2.5 per cent longer than the former. The
latter periodicity may be a permanent superhump, or alternatively, the spin
period of the white dwarf in a nearly synchronous magnetic system. A third
period, at P=5.06 d, corresponding to the beat between the two periods was
probably present in 1999. Our results suggest that a process of mass transfer
took place in the binary system since no later than two and a half months after
the nova eruption. We derive an interstellar reddening of E(B-V)~0.21 from our
spectroscopic measurements and published photometric data, and estimate a
distance of d~9 kpc to this nova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75741 </DOCNO>
The cosmic ray positron excess and neutralino dark matter


  Using a new instrument, the HEAT collaboration has confirmed the excess of
cosmic ray positrons that they first detected in 1994. We explore the
possibility that this excess is due to the annihilation of neutralino dark
matter in the galactic halo. We confirm that neutralino annihilation can
produce enough positrons to make up the measured excess only if there is an
additional enhancement to the signal. We quantify the `boost factor' that is
required in the signal for various models in the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model parameter space, and study the dependence on various parameters.
We find models with a boost factor greater than 30. Such an enhancement in the
signal could arise if we live in a clumpy halo. We discuss what part of
supersymmetric parameter space is favored (in that it gives the largest
positron signal), and the consequences for other direct and indirect searches
of supersymmetric dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4525 </DOCNO>
Reflectivity and Microwave Absorption in Crystals with Alternating


  We compute the frequency and magnetic field dependencies of the reflectivity
$R(\omega)$ and microwave absorption ${\cal P}(\omega)$ in layered
superconductors with two alternating intrinsic Josephson junctions for the
polarization of the electric field along the $c$-axis. These junctions differ
by the critical current density and by the quasiparticle conductivity. The
parameter $\alpha$ characterizing the charge coupling of neighboring junctions
was extracted for the SmLa$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4-\delta}$ superconductor from
two independent measurements, the fit of the loss function $L(\omega)$ at zero
magnetic field and the magnetic field dependence of the peak positions in
$L(\omega)$ using optical data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127260 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Probes of Cosmic Star-Formation History


  We discuss the imprints left by a cosmological evolution of the star
formation rate (SFR) on the evolution of X-ray luminosities Lx of normal
galaxies, using the scheme proposed by White and Ghosh (1998, WG98), wherein
the evolution of Lx of a galaxy is driven by the evolution of its X-ray binary
population. As indicated in WG98, the profile of Lx with redshift can both
serve as a diagnostic probe of the SFR profile and constrain evolutionary
models for X-ray binaries. We report here the first calculation of the expected
evolution of X-ray luminosities of galaxies, updating the WG98 work by using a
suite of more recently developed SFR profiles that span the currently plausible
range. The first Chandra deep imaging results on Lx are beginning to probe the
SFR profile of bright spirals: the early results are consistent with
predictions based on current SFR models. Using these new SFR profiles, the
resolution of the ``birthrate problem'' of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) and
recycled, millisecond pulsars (WG98) in terms of an evolving global SFR is more
complete. We discuss the possible impact of the variations in the SFR profile
of individual galaxies and galaxy-types.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5844 </DOCNO>
Topological quantum memory


  We analyze surface codes, the topological quantum error-correcting codes
introduced by Kitaev. In these codes, qubits are arranged in a two-dimensional
array on a surface of nontrivial topology, and encoded quantum operations are
associated with nontrivial homology cycles of the surface. We formulate
protocols for error recovery, and study the efficacy of these protocols. An
order-disorder phase transition occurs in this system at a nonzero critical
value of the error rate; if the error rate is below the critical value (the
accuracy threshold), encoded information can be protected arbitrarily well in
the limit of a large code block. This phase transition can be accurately
modeled by a three-dimensional Z_2 lattice gauge theory with quenched disorder.
We estimate the accuracy threshold, assuming that all quantum gates are local,
that qubits can be measured rapidly, and that polynomial-size classical
computations can be executed instantaneously. We also devise a robust recovery
procedure that does not require measurement or fast classical processing;
however for this procedure the quantum gates are local only if the qubits are
arranged in four or more spatial dimensions. We discuss procedures for
encoding, measurement, and performing fault-tolerant universal quantum
computation with surface codes, and argue that these codes provide a promising
framework for quantum computing architectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1877 </DOCNO>
A transfer matrix approach to the enumeration of colored links


  We propose a transfer matrix algorithm for the enumeration of alternating
link diagrams with external legs, giving a weight $n$ to each connected
component. Considering more general tetravalent diagrams with
self-intersections and tangencies allows us to treat topological (flype)
equivalences. This is done by means of a finite renormalization scheme for an
associated matrix model. We give results, expressed as polynomials in $n$, for
the various generating functions up to order 19 (link diagrams), 15 (prime
alternating tangles) and 11 (6-legged links) intersections. The limit
$n\to\infty$ is solved explicitly. We then analyze the large-order asymptotics
of the generating functions. For $0\le n \le 2$ good agreement is found with a
conjecture for the critical exponent, based on the KPZ relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76573 </DOCNO>
Event-by-Event Fluctuations of Transverse Momentum in Elementary


  We present a study of event-by-event fluctuations of transverse momentum in
$\pi^{+}\p$ and $\K^{+}\p$ collisions at 250 GeV/$c$ and the corresponding
PYTHIA Monte Carlo results for $\pi^{+}\p$ collisions. The dependence of
$\Phi_{p_{t}}$ on event and particle variables are investigated in detail. We
find that $\Phi_{p_t}$ are all negative for different average transverse
momentum per event sample. The $<p_{t} >_N \sim N$ correlation may not be the
only origin of $\Phi_{p_{t}}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126245 </DOCNO>
Detection of an X-ray jet in 3C 371 with Chandra


  We report the detection at X-rays of the radio/optical jet of 3C 371, from a
short (10 ks) Chandra exposure in March 2000. We also present a new MERLIN
observation at 1.4 GHz together with a renalysis of the archival HST WFPC2
F555W image. Despite the limited signal-to-noise ratio of the Chandra data, the
X-ray morphology is clearly different from that of the radio/optical emission,
with the brightest X-ray knot at 1.7" from the nucleus and little X-ray
emission from the brightest radio/optical knot at 3.1". We construct the
spectral energy distributions for the two emission regions at 1.7" and 3.1".
Both show that the X-ray flux is below the extrapolation from the
radio-to-optical continuum, suggesting moderately beamed synchrotron from an
electron population with decreasing high energy cut-off as a plausible emission
mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97062 </DOCNO>
On a total function which overtakes all total recursive functions


  This paper discusses a function that is frequently presented as a simile or
look-alike of the so-called ``counterexample function to P=NP,'' that is, the
function that collects all first instances of a problem in NP where a poly
machine incorrectly `guesses' about the instance. We state and give in full
detail a crucial result on the computation of Goedel numbers for some families
of poly machines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1373 </DOCNO>
Tunneling into 1D and quasi-1D conductors and Luttinger-liquid behavior


  The paper addresses the problem whether and how it is possible to detect the
Luttinger-liquid behavior from the $IV$ curves for tunneling to 1D or quasi-1D
conductors. The power-law non-ohmic $IV$ curve, which is usually considered as
a manifestation of the Luttinger-liquid behavior, can be also deduced from the
theory of the Coulomb blockaded junction between 3D conductors affected by the
environment effect. In both approaches the power-law exponents are determined
by the ratio of the impedance of an effective electric circuit to the quantum
resistance. Though two approaches predict different power-law exponents
(because of a different choice of effective circuits), the difference becomes
negligible for a large number of conductance channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98474 </DOCNO>
The coefficients of the Seiberg-Witten prepotential as intersection


  The $n$-instanton contribution to the Seiberg-Witten prepotential of ${\bf
N}=2$ supersymmetric $d=4$ Yang Mills theory is represented as the integral of
the exponential of an equivariantly exact form. Integrating out an overall
scale and a U(1) angle the integral is rewritten as $(4n-3)$ fold product of a
closed two form. This two form is, formally, a representative of the Euler
class of the Instanton moduli space viewed as a principal U(1) bundle, because
its pullback under bundel projection is the exterior derivative of an angular
one-form. We comment on a recent speculation of Matone concerning an analogy
linking the instanton problem and classical Liouville theory of punctured
Riemann spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125119 </DOCNO>
The environments of radio-loud quasars


  We have obtained multi-colour imaging of a representative, statistically
complete sample of low-frequency selected (S_408MHz > 0.95Jy) radio loud
quasars at intermediate (0.6 < z < 1.1) redshifts. These sources are found in a
variety of environments, from the field through to rich clusters. We show that
statistical measures of environmental richness, based upon single-band
observations are inadequate at these redshifts for a variety of reasons.
Environmental richness seems correlated with the size and morphology of the
radio source, as expected if the energy density in the radio lobes is
approximately the equipartition value and the lobes are in pressure equilbrium
with a surrounding intragroup/cluster medium. Selecting on radio size therefore
efficiently selects dense galactic sytems at these redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96506 </DOCNO>
Coding with ladders a well-ordering of the reals


  Any model of ZFC + GCH has a generic extension (made with a poset of size
aleph_2) in which the following hold:
  MA + 2^{aleph_0}= aleph_2+ there exists a Delta^2_1-well ordering of the
reals.
  The proof consists in iterating posets designed to change at will the
guessing properties of ladder systems on omega_1. Therefore, the study of such
ladders is a main concern of this article.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126772 </DOCNO>
The X-ray view of highly obscured AGN


  The properties of Compton-thick AGN are reviewed, with particular emphasis on
BeppoSAX hard X-ray observations. I also discuss evidence for the presence of
Compton-thick, circumnuclear matter in unobscured AGN, and I briefly introduce
the HELLAS2XMM 5-10 keV survey, discussed in more details in other
contributions to this volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 801 </DOCNO>
Tunable local polariton modes in semiconductors


  We study the local states within the polariton bandgap that arise due to deep
defect centers with strong electron-phonon coupling. Electron transitions
involving deep levels may result in alteration of local elastic constants. In
this case, substantial reversible transformations of the impurity polariton
density of states occur, which include the appearance/disappearance of the
polariton impurity band, its shift and/or the modification of its shape. These
changes can be induced by thermo- and photo-excitation of the localized
electron states or by trapping of injected charge carriers. We develop a simple
model, which is applied to the $O_P$ center in $GaP$. Further possible
experimental realizations of the effect are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128080 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a 1247 s pulsar in the Be X-ray binary SAX J2239.3+6116


  A search for pulsations from the Be X-ray binary SAX J2239.3+6116, through
observations with the Narrow Field Instruments on BeppoSAX and the Proportional
Counter Array on RXTE, yielded the clear presence of a 1247 s coherent
oscillation. Given the fairly high X-ray luminosity on previous occasions (up
to a few times 10^36 erg/s in 2 to 28 keV), the oscillation must be due to the
spin of a neutron star. Assuming that the 262 day recurrence time is the
orbital period, SAX J2239.3+6116 has both the longest orbital period and the
longest pulse period of 24 Be X-ray binaries with measured orbital periods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148561 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Solitons: Moduli Spaces, Quantization, Finite Theta


  We find the N-soliton solution at infinite theta, as well as the metric on
the moduli space corresponding to spatial displacements of the solitons. We use
a perturbative expansion to incorporate the leading 1/theta corrections, and
find an effective short range attraction between solitons. We study the
stability of various solutions. We discuss the finite theta corrections to
scattering, and find metastable orbits. Upon quantization of the two-soliton
moduli space, for any finite theta, we find an s-wave bound state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127100 </DOCNO>
A chemical evolution model for galaxy clusters


  We develop a toy-model for the chemical evolution of the intracluster medium,
polluted by the galactic winds from elliptical galaxies. The model follows the
"galaxy formation history" of cluster galaxies, constrained by the observed
luminosity function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83988 </DOCNO>
The Relational Database Aspects of Argonne's ATLAS Control System


  The Relational Database Aspects of Argonnes ATLAS Control System Argonnes
ATLAS (Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System) control system comprises two
separate database concepts. The first is the distributed real-time database
structure provided by the commercial product Vsystem [1]. The second is a more
static relational database archiving system designed by ATLAS personnel using
Oracle Rdb [2] and Paradox [3] software. The configuration of the ATLAS
facility has presented a unique opportunity to construct a control system
relational database that is capable of storing and retrieving complete archived
tune-up configurations for the entire accelerator. This capability has been a
major factor in allowing the facility to adhere to a rigorous operating
schedule. Most recently, a Web-based operator interface to the control systems
Oracle Rdb database has been installed. This paper explains the history of the
ATLAS database systems, how they interact with each other, the design of the
new Web-based operator interface, and future plans.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97189 </DOCNO>
On Donaldson and Seiberg-Witten invariants


  This article is based on a lecture by the first author at the Mathematische
Arbeitstagung 2001 (Bonn). We sketch a proof of Witten's formula relating the
Donaldson and Seiberg-Witten series modulo powers of degree $c+2$, with
$c=-{1/4}(7\chi+11\sigma)$, for four-manifolds obeying some mild conditions,
where $\chi$ and $\sigma$ are their Euler characteristic and signature. We use
the moduli space of $\SO(3)$ monopoles as a cobordism between a link of the
Donaldson moduli space of anti-self-dual $\SO(3)$ connections and links of the
moduli spaces of Seiberg-Witten monopoles. Gluing techniques allow us to
compute contributions from Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces lying in the first (or
`one-bubble') level of the Uhlenbeck compactification of the moduli space of
$\SO(3)$ monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1529 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Magnetoconductance in MgB2


  We report fluctuation magnetoconductance in a MgB2 superconductor prepared
under a high pressure of 3 GPa. This excess magnetoconductance,
$\Delta\sigma(H)$, follows the three-dimensional scaling function for the
critical fluctuations proposed by Ullah and Dorsey. This feature is inferred to
originate from the isotropic nature of the MgB2 compound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123634 </DOCNO>
On the origin of Gamma Ray Burst radiation


  In the standard internal shock model, the observed X and gamma-ray radiation
is assumed to be produced by synchrotron emission. I will show that there are
serious problems with this interpretation, calling for other radiation
mechanisms, such as quasi-thermal Comptonization and/or Compton drag processes,
or both. These new ideas can have important consequences on the more general
internal shock scenario, and can be tested by future observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96691 </DOCNO>
Weak Hopf algebras and singular solutions of Quantum Yang-Baxter


  We investigate a generalization of Hopf algebra $\mathfrak{sl}_{q}(2)$ by
weakening the invertibility of the generator $K$, i.e. exchanging its
invertibility $KK^{-1}=1$ to the regularity $K\overline{K}K=K$. This leads to a
weak Hopf algebra $w\mathfrak{sl}_{q}(2)$ and a $J$-weak Hopf algebra
$v\mathfrak{sl}_{q}(2)$ which are studied in detail. It is shown that the
monoids of group-like elements of $w\mathfrak{sl}_{q}(2)$ and
$v\mathfrak{sl}_{q}(2)$ are regular monoids, which supports the general
conjucture on the connection betweek weak Hopf algebras and regular monoids.
Moreover, from $w\mathfrak{sl}_{q}(2)$ a quasi-braided weak Hopf algebra
$\overline{U}_{q}^{w}$ is constructed and it is shown that the corresponding
quasi-$R$-matrix is regular $R^{w}\hat{R}^{w}R^{w}=R^{w}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124382 </DOCNO>
Path integral Monte Carlo simulations and analytical approximations for


  The results of analytical approximations and extensive calculations based on
a path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) scheme are presented. A new (direct) PIMC
method allows for a correct determination of thermodynamic properties such as
energy and equation of state of dense degenerate Coulomb systems. In this
paper, we present results for dense partially ionized hydrogen at intermediate
and high temperature. We give a quantitative comparison with the available
results of alternative (restricted) PIMC simulations and with analytical
expressions based on iterpolation formulas meeting the exact limits at low and
high densities. Good agreement between the two simulations is found up to
densities of the order of $10^{24}cm^{-3}$. The agreement with the analytical
results is satisfactory up to densities in the range $10^{22}...
10^{23}cm^{-3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114211 </DOCNO>
Turbulent Drag Reduction of polyelectrolyte (DNA) solutions: relation


  We report measurements of turbulent drag reduction of two different
polyelectrolyte solutions: DNA and hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide. Changing the salt
concentration in the solutions allows us to change the flexibility of the
polymer chains. For both polymers the amount of drag reduction was found to
increase with the flexibility. Rheological studies reveal that the elongational
viscosity of the solutions increases simultaneously. Hence we conclude that the
elongational viscosity is the pertinent macroscopic quantity to describe the
ability of a polymer to cause turbulent drag reduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98972 </DOCNO>
h-deformation of Grassmann supergroup Gr$(1| 1)$


  We introduce the h-deformation of the algebra of functions on the grassmann
supergroup Gr$(1|1)$ via a contraction of Gr$_q(1|1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169390 </DOCNO>
Dialogue on Classical and Quantum between mathematician and experimenter


  This dialogue took place at V\"axj\"o, 19 November 2001. The main aim of our
meeting in V\"axj\"o was to clarify our viewpoints on foundations of quantum
mechanics. The most attractive in our discussion was the extreme difference in
our quantum experiences. On one side, pure mathematician (specializing in
foundations of probability theory), Andrei Khrennikov; on the other side, pure
experimenter (specializing in neutron and electron interferometry), Johann
Summhammer. On one hand, an attempt to test mathematical models for larger and
larger domains of physical reality. On the other hand, an attempt to create
this reality from experimental information - roughly speaking from clicks of
detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86445 </DOCNO>
Graceful exit from inflation using quantum cosmology


  A massless scalar field without self interaction and string coupled to
gravity is quantized in the framework of quantum cosmology using the Bohm-de
Broglie interpretation. Gaussian superpositions of the quantum solutions of the
corresponding Wheeler-DeWitt equation in minisuperspace are constructed. The
bohmian trajectories obtained exhibit a graceful exit from the inflationary
Pre-Big Bang epoch to the decelerated expansion phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83753 </DOCNO>
Multidimensional Transformation-Based Learning


  This paper presents a novel method that allows a machine learning algorithm
following the transformation-based learning paradigm \cite{brill95:tagging} to
be applied to multiple classification tasks by training jointly and
simultaneously on all fields. The motivation for constructing such a system
stems from the observation that many tasks in natural language processing are
naturally composed of multiple subtasks which need to be resolved
simultaneously; also tasks usually learned in isolation can possibly benefit
from being learned in a joint framework, as the signals for the extra tasks
usually constitute inductive bias.
  The proposed algorithm is evaluated in two experiments: in one, the system is
used to jointly predict the part-of-speech and text chunks/baseNP chunks of an
English corpus; and in the second it is used to learn the joint prediction of
word segment boundaries and part-of-speech tagging for Chinese. The results
show that the simultaneous learning of multiple tasks does achieve an
improvement in each task upon training the same tasks sequentially. The
part-of-speech tagging result of 96.63% is state-of-the-art for individual
systems on the particular train/test split.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1186 </DOCNO>
Premartensitic Transition in Ni2+xMn1-xGa Heusler Alloys


  The temperature dependencies of the resistivity and magnetization of a series
of Ni2+XMn1-XGa (X = 0 - 0.09) alloys were investigated. Along with the
anomalies associated with ferromagnetic and martensitic transitions,
well-defined anomalies were observed at the temperature of premartensitic
transformation. The premartensitic phase existing in a temperature range 200 -
260 K in the stoichiometric Ni2MnGa is suppressed by the martensitic phase with
increasing Ni content and vanishes in Ni2.09Mn0.91Ga composition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95555 </DOCNO>
Volume change under drilling


  Given a hyperbolic 3-manifold M containing an embedded geodesic, we estimate
the volume of a complete hyperbolic metric on the complement of the geodesic in
terms of the geometry of M. As a corollary, we show that the smallest volume
orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold has volume >.32.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74547 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative effects in e^+e^- event-shape variables


  We review theoretical methods employed to study non-perturbative
contributions to e^+e^- event-shapes and discuss their phenomenological
relevance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41131 </DOCNO>
Some Uses of Neutrino Telescopes


  We imagine that large neutrino telescopes will be built and that distant
neutrino sources of high energies and fluxes exist. Some possible, if
difficult, uses to which they might be put are described; including (i)
detecting neutrino mass-mixing possibly upto delta m^2 of 10^{-16}eV^2; (ii)
measuring neutrino cross-sections at PeV energies; (iii) detecting relic
neutrinos; (iv) doing cosmology with neutrinos and (v) SETI with neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123632 </DOCNO>
The blazar GB1428+4217: a warm absorber at z=4.72?


  BeppoSAX observations of the high redshift (z=4.72) blazar GB 1428+4217
confirm the presence of a complex soft X-ray spectrum first seen with the ROSAT
PSPC. Flattening below a rest frame energy of 5 keV can be accounted for by
absorption from an equivalent column density of (cold) gas with N_H ~ 8 x 10^22
cm^-2. Below 2 keV a (variable) excess of a factor ~ 20 above the extrapolated
absorbed spectrum is also detected. These findings are consistent with and
extend to higher redshifts the correlation between increasing soft X-ray
flattening and increasing z, previously pointed out for large samples of
radio-loud quasars. We propose that such features, including X-ray absorption,
soft excess emission as well as absorption in the optical spectra, can be
satisfactorily accounted for by the presence of a highly-ionized nuclear
absorber with column N_H ~ 10^23 cm^-2, with properties possibly related to the
conditions in the nuclear regions of the host galaxy. High energy X-ray
emission consistent with the extrapolation of the medium energy spectrum is
detected up to ~ 300 keV (rest frame).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148357 </DOCNO>
Vibration modes of giant gravitons in the background of dilatonic


  We consider the perturbation of giant gravitons in the background of
dilatonic D-branes whose geometry is not of a conventional form of ${\rm AdS}_m
\times {\rm S}^n$. We use the quadratic approximation to the brane action to
investigate their vibrations around the equilibrium configuration. We found the
normal modes of small vibrations of giant gravitons and these vibrations are
turned out to be stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148961 </DOCNO>
On the Gauge Invariance of the Chern-Simons Action for N D-Branes


  In this short note we provide a proof that the Chern-Simons part of the
action for N D-branes is invariant under gauge transformations of the RR fields
of the type C_p ->C_p + d\Lambda_{p-1}, and rewrite the action in a form that
makes this symmetry manifest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169067 </DOCNO>
Characterisation of an entanglement-free evolution


  Two or more quantum systems are said to be in an entangled or
non-factorisable state if their joint (supposedly pure) wave-function is not
expressible as a product of individual wave functions but is instead a
superposition of product states. It is only when the systems are in a
factorisable state that they can be considered to be separated (in the sense of
Bell). We show that whenever two quantum systems interact with each other, it
is impossible that all factorisable states remain factorisable during the
interaction unless the full Hamiltonian does not couple these systems so to say
unless they do not really interact. We also present certain conditions under
which particular factorisable states remain factorisable although they
represent a bipartite system whose components mutually interact and pay a
particular attention to the case where the two particles interact mutually
through an action at a distance in the three dimensional space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41527 </DOCNO>
Compton Scattering by the Proton using a Large-Acceptance Arrangement


  Compton scattering by the proton has been measured using the tagged-photon
facility at MAMI (Mainz) and the large-acceptance arrangement LARA. The new
data are interpreted in terms of dispersion theory based on the SAID-SM99K
parameterization of photo-meson amplitudes. It is found that two-pion exchange
in the t-channel is needed for a description of the data in the second
resonance region. The data are well represented if this channel is modeled by a
single pole with mass parameter m(sigma)=600 MeV. The asymptotic part of the
spin dependent amplitude is found to be well represented by pi-0-exchange in
the t-channel. A backward spin-polarizability of
gamma(pi)=(-37.1+-0.6(stat+syst)+-3.0(model))x10^{-4}fm^4 has been determined
from data of the first resonance region below 455 MeV. This value is in a good
agreement with predictions of dispersion relations and chiral pertubation
theory. From a subset of data between 280 and 360 MeV the resonance
pion-photoproduction amplitudes were evaluated leading to a E2/M1 multipole
ratio of the p-to-Delta radiative transition of EMR(340
MeV)=(-1.7+-0.4(stat+syst)+-0.2(model))%. It was found that this number is
dependent on the parameterization of photo-meson amplitudes. With the MAID2K
parameterization an E2/M1 multipole ratio of EMR(340
MeV)=(-2.0+-0.4(stat+syst)+-0.2(model))% is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4955 </DOCNO>
Finite size effects in boundary sine-Gordon theory


  We examine the spectrum and boundary energy in boundary sine-Gordon theory,
based on our recent results on the complete spectrum predicted by closing the
boundary bootstrap. We check the spectrum and the reflection factors against
truncated conformal space, together with a (still unpublished) prediction by
Al.B. Zamolodchikov for the boundary energy and the relation between the
parameters of the scattering amplitudes and of the perturbed CFT Hamiltonian.
In addition, we give a derivation of Zamolodchikov's formulae. We find an
entirely consistent picture and strong evidence for the validity of the
conjectured spectrum and scattering amplitudes, which together give a complete
description of the boundary sine-Gordon theory on mass shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95629 </DOCNO>
A note on noncommutative interpolation


  In this paper we formulate and solve Nevanlinna-Pick and Carath\'eodory type
problems for tensor algebras with data given on the N-dimensional operator unit
ball of a Hilbert space. We develop an approach based on the displacement
structure theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179348 </DOCNO>
Nuclei, Superheavy Nuclei and Hypermatter in a chiral SU(3)-Modell


  A model based on chiral SU(3)-symmetry in nonlinear realisation is used for
the investigation of nuclei, superheavy nuclei, hypernuclei and multistrange
nuclear objects (so called MEMOs). The model works very well in the case of
nuclei and hypernuclei with one Lambda-particle and rules out MEMOs. Basic
observables which are known for nuclei and hypernuclei are reproduced
satisfactorily. The model predicts Z=120 and N=172, 184 and 198 as the next
shell closures in the region of superheavy nuclei. The calculations have been
performed in self-consistent relativistic mean field approximation assuming
spherical symmetry. The parameters were adapted to known nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5714 </DOCNO>
Cooperative Jahn-Teller transition and resonant x-ray scattering in thin


  Epitaxial thin films of stoichiometric ${\rm LaMnO_3}$ were grown on ${\rm
SrTiO_3(110)}$ substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique. From the
high resolution x-ray diffraction measurements, the lattice parameters were
determined as a function of temperature and the cooperative Jahn-Teller
transition was found to occur at $T_{JT}$=573.0 K. Also measured was resonant
x-ray scattering intensity of the orthorhombic (100) peak of ${\rm LaMnO_3}$
near the Mn K edge from low temperatures to above $T_{JT}$. We demonstrate that
the integrated intensity of the (100) peak is proportional to the 3/2 power of
the orthorhombic strain at all temperatures, and thus provide an experimental
evidence that the resonant scattering near the Mn K edge in ${\rm LaMnO_3}$ is
largely due to the Jahn-Teller effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96360 </DOCNO>
Contact Reduction


  In this article I propose a new method for reducing a co-oriented contact
manifold M equipped with an action of a Lie group G by contact transformations.
  With a certain regularity and integrality assumption the contact quotient
$M_\mu$ at $\mu \in \fg^*$ is a naturally a co-oriented contact orbifold which
is independent of the contact form used to represent the given contact
structure. Removing the regularity and integrality assumptions and replacing
them with one concerning the existence of a slice, which is satisfied for
compact symmetry groups, results in a contact stratified space; i.e, a
stratified space equipped with a line bundle which, when restricted to each
stratum, defines a co-oriented contact structure. This extends the previous
work of the author and E. Lerman [LW].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73313 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric lepton flavour violation in a linear collider: the role


  The occurrence of a significant amount of supersymmetric lepton flavour
violation at laboratory energies, through $\tilde\nu_\mu - \tilde\nu_\tau$
mixing, has become a realistic possibility in the wake of the super-Kamiokande
atmospheric neutrino result. This effect can be observed in an e+e- linear
collider with the distinct final state tau+mu+ jets+E_T. We show that the pair
production of charginos can make an important contribution to this process and
has to be taken into account in addition to that of sneutrinos or charged
sleptons. Some case studies are presented with CM energies of 500 and 800 GeV
and integrated luminosities of 50, 500 and 1000 fb-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98922 </DOCNO>
The Free Entropy Dimension of Hyperfinite von Neumann Algebras


  Suppose M is a hyperfinite von Neumann algebra with a tracial state $\phi$
and $\{a_1,...,a_n\}$ is a set of self-adjoint generators for M. We calculate
$\delta_0(a_1,...,a_n)$, the modified free entropy dimension of
$\{a_1,...,a_n\}$. Moreover we show that $\delta_0(a_1,...,a_n)$ depends only
on M and $\phi$. Consequently $\delta_0(a_1,...,a_n)$ is independent of the
choice of generators for M. In the course of the argument we show that if
$\{b_1,...,b_n\}$ is a set of self-adjoint generators for a von Neumann algebra
R with a tracial state and $\{b_1,...,b_n\}$ has finite dimensional
approximants, then for any $b\in R$ $\delta_0(b_1,...,b_n)\geq \delta_0(b)$.
Combined with a result by Voiculescu this implies that if R has a regular
diffuse hyperfinite von Neumann subalgebra, then $\delta_0(b_1,...,b_n)=1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84020 </DOCNO>
Open Source Real Time Operating Systems Overview


  Modern control systems applications are often built on top of a real time
operating system (RTOS) which provides the necessary hardware abstraction as
well as scheduling, networking and other services. Several open source RTOS
solutions are publicly available, which is very attractive, both from an
economic (no licensing fees) as well as from a technical (control over the
source code) point of view. This contribution gives an overview of the RTLinux
and RTEMS systems (architecture, development environment, API etc.). Both
systems feature most popular CPUs, several APIs (including Posix), networking,
portability and optional commercial support. Some performance figures are
presented, focusing on interrupt latency and context switching delay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168196 </DOCNO>
Entanglement of Bell Mixtures of Two Qubits


  This paper is an appendix to a previous paper: quant-ph/0101123 ``Relaxation
Method for Calculating Quantum Entanglement", by Robert Tucci. For certain
mixtures of Bell basis states, namely the Werner States, we use the theoretical
machinery of our previous paper to derive algebraic formulas for: the pure and
mixed minimization entanglements (i.e., E_{pure} and E_{mixed}), their optimal
decompositions and their entanglement operators. This complements and
corroborates some results that were obtained numerically but not algebraically
in our previous paper. Some of the algebraic formulas presented here are new.
Others were first derived using a different method by Bennett et al in
quant-ph/9604024.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97674 </DOCNO>
Index defects in the theory of nonlocal boundary value problems and the


  We study elliptic theory on manifolds with boundary represented as a covering
space. Firstly, we consider boundary value problems, where the boundary
conditions are allowed to mix the values of functions in the fibers of the
covering. We show that elliptic elements define Fredholm operators and prove an
index formula. For the identity covering, our formula reduces to the
Atiyah-Bott index formula for classical boundary value problems. Secondly, we
consider Atiyah-Patodi-Singer boundary value problems for operators adapted to
the covering. We show that the corresponding symbols have a natural topological
invariant. This invariant is equal to the index of the corresponding spectral
problem plus the relative eta-invariant. This is one of the main results of the
paper. For a trivial covering, we recover the mod n-index theorem of
Freed-Melrose. Finally, we prove the Poincare duality and isomorphisms in
K-theory of singular spaces corresponding to our manifolds. The isomorphisms
are defined in terms of the two classes of elliptic operators from the above.
Thus, the two elliptic theories are dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84039 </DOCNO>
Normalized Information Distance and Whole Mitochondrial Genome Phylogeny


  A new class of similarity measures aimed at measuring the evolutionary
relation of sequences is studied. A prime example is the ``normalized
information distance'', based on the noncomputable notion of Kolmogorov
complexity. We demonstrate that it is a metric, takes values in $[0,1]$, and is
universal. To apply it (and some related metrics) we use a simple approximation
scheme to computationally compare whole mitochondrial genomes and infer their
evolutionary history. This results in a first completely automatic computed
whole mitochondrial phylogeny tree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128680 </DOCNO>
Widespread atomic gas emission reveals the rotation of the beta Pictoris


  We present high resolution Na I D spectroscopy of the beta Pic disk, and the
resonantly scattered sodium emission can be traced from less than 30 AU to at
least 140 AU from the central star. This atomic gas is co-existent with the
dust particles, suggestive of a common origin or source. The disk rotates
towards us in the south-west and away from us in the north-east. The velocity
pattern of the gas finally provides direct evidence that the faint linear
feature seen in images of the star is a circumstellar disk in Keplerian
rotation. From modelling the spatial distribution of the Na I line profiles we
determine the effective dynamical mass to be 1.40 +/- 0.05 M_sun, which is
smaller than the stellar mass, 1.75 M_sun. We ascribe this difference to the
gravity opposing radiation pressure in the Na I lines. We argue that this is
consistent with the fact that Na is nearly completely ionised throughout the
disk (Na I/Na < 10^-4). The total column density of sodium gas is N(Na) = 10^15
cm^-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126740 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Molecular Cloud Origin for Gamma-Ray Bursts: Implications


  It appears that the majority of rapidly-, well-localized gamma-ray bursts
with undetected, or dark, optical afterglows, or `dark bursts' for short, occur
in clouds of size R > 10L_{49}^{1/2} pc and mass M > 3x10^5L_{49} M_{sun},
where L is the isotropic-equivalent peak luminosity of the optical flash. We
show that clouds of this size and mass cannot be modeled as a gas that is bound
by pressure equilibrium with a warm or hot phase of the interstellar medium
(i.e., a diffuse cloud): Such a cloud would be unstable to gravitational
collapse, resulting in the collapse and fragmentation of the cloud until a
burst of star formation re-establishes pressure equilibrium within the
fragments, and the fragments are bound by self-gravity (i.e., a molecular
cloud). Consequently, dark bursts probably occur in molecular clouds, in which
case dark bursts are probably a byproduct of this burst of star formation if
the molecular cloud formed recently, and/or the result of lingering or latter
generation star formation if the molecular cloud formed some time ago. We then
show that if bursts occur in Galactic-like molecular clouds, the column
densities of which might be universal, the number of dark bursts can be
comparable to the number of bursts with detected optical afterglows: This is
what is observed, which suggests that the bursts with detected optical
afterglows might also occur in molecular clouds. We confirm this by modeling
and constraining the distribution of column densities, measured from absorption
of the X-ray afterglow, of the bursts with detected optical afterglows: We find
that this distribution is consistent with the expectation for bursts that occur
in molecular clouds, and is not consistent with the expectation for bursts that
occur in diffuse clouds. More...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6192 </DOCNO>
Bogoliubov theory of entanglement in a Bose-Einstein condensate


  We consider a Bose-Einstein condensate which is illuminated by a short
resonant light pulse that coherently couples two internal states of the atoms.
We show that the subsequent time evolution prepares the atoms in an interesting
entangled state called a spin squeezed state. This evolution is analysed in
detail by developing a Bogoliubov theory which describes the entanglement of
the atoms. Our calculation is a consistent expansion in $1/\sqrt{N}$, where $N$
is the number of particles in the condensate, and our theory predict that it is
possible to produce spin squeezing by at least a factor of $1/\sqrt{N}$. Within
the Bogoliubov approximation this result is independent of temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2086 </DOCNO>
Search for Multiple Step Integer Quantum Hall Transitions


  Recent experiments in the integer quantum Hall regime seem to find direct
transitions from a quantum Hall state with Hall conductance $\sigma_{xy} = n
e^2/h $ with integer $n > 1$, to an insulating state in weak magnetic fields.
We study this issue using a variation of the tight-binding lattice model for
non-interacting electrons. Although quantum Hall transitions with change in
Hall conductance $n e^2/ h$ with $n > 1$ do exist in our model for special
tuning of parameters, they generically split into quantum Hall transitions with
the Hall conductance changing by $e^2 / h$ at each transition. This suggests
that a generic multiple step quantum Hall transition is incompatible with a
non-interacting electron picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168799 </DOCNO>
On quantum teleportation with beam-splitter-generated entanglement


  Following the lead of Cochrane, Milburn, and Munro [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 62},
062307 (2000)], we investigate theoretically quantum teleportation by means of
the number-sum and phase-difference variables. We study Fock-state entanglement
generated by a beam splitter and show that two-mode Fock-state inputs can be
entangled by a beam splitter into close approximations of maximally entangled
eigenstates of the phase difference and the photon-number sum
(Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen -- EPR -- states). Such states could be experimentally
feasible with on-demand single-photon sources. We show that the teleportation
fidelity can reach near unity when such ``quasi-EPR'' states are used as the
quantum channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168023 </DOCNO>
Approximate integrals of motion and the quantum chaoticity problem


  The problem of existence and constructing of integrals of motion in
stationary quantum mechanics and its connection with quantum chaoticity is
discussed. It is shown that the earlier suggested quantum chaoticity criterion
characterizes destruction of initial symmetry of regular system and of basis
quantum numbers under influence of perturbation. The convergent procedure
allowing to construct approximate integrals of motion in the form of
non-trivial combinations depending on operators $(q,p)$ is suggested.
Properties of the obtained integrals with complicated structure and the
consequences of their existence for system's dynamics are discussed. The method
is used for explicit construction and investigation of the approximate
integrals in Henon-Heiles problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41785 </DOCNO>
The Time of Flight System of the AMS-02 Space Experiment


  The Time-of-Flight (TOF) system of the AMS detector gives the fast trigger to
the read out electronics and measures velocity, direction and charge of the
crossing particles. The new version of the detector (called AMS-02) will be
installed on the International Space Station on March 2004. The fringing field
of the AMS-02 superconducting magnet is $1.0\div2.5$ kG where the
photomultiplers (PM) are installed. In order to be able to operate with this
residual field, a new type of PM was chosen and the mechanical design was
constrained by requiring to minimize the angle between the magnetic field
vector and the PM axis. Due to strong field and to the curved light guides, the
time resolution will be $150\div180$ ps, while the new electronics will allow
for a better charge measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125657 </DOCNO>
The role of non-thermal electrons in the hydrogen and calcium lines of


  There is observational evidence showing that stellar and solar flares occur
in a similar circumstance, although the former are usually much more energetic.
It is expected that the bombardment by high energy electrons is one of the
chief heating processes of the flaring atmosphere. In this paper we study how a
precipitating electron beam can influence the line profiles of Ly_alpha,
H_alpha, Ca II K and Ca II 8542. We use a model atmosphere of a dMe star and
make non-LTE computations taking into account the non-thermal collisional rates
due to the electron beam. The results show that the four lines can be enhanced
to different extents. The relative enhancement increases with increasing
formation height of the lines. Varying the energy flux of the electron beam has
different effects on the four lines. The wings of Ly_alpha and H_alpha become
increasingly broad with the beam flux; change of the Ca II K and Ca II 8542
lines, however, is most significant in the line centre. Varying the electron
energy (i.e., the low-energy cut-off for a power law beam) has a great
influence on the Ly_alpha line, but little on the H_alpha and Ca II lines. An
electron beam of higher energy precipitates deeper, thus producing less
enhancement of the Ly_alpha line. The Ly_alpha/H_alpha flux ratio is thus
sensitive to the electron energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96823 </DOCNO>
On the Statistical Origin of Topological Symmetries


  We investigate a quantum system possessing a parasupersymmetry of order 2, an
orthosupersymmetry of order $p$, a fractional supersymmetry of order $p+1$, and
topological symmetries of type $(1,p)$ and $(1,1,...,1)$. We obtain the
corresponding symmetry generators, explore their relationship, and show that
they may be expressed in terms of the creation and annihilation operators for
an ordinary boson and orthofermions of order $p$. We give a realization of
parafermions of order~2 using orthofermions of arbitrary order $p$, discuss a
$p=2$ parasupersymmetry between $p=2$ parafermions and parabosons of arbitrary
order, and show that every orthosupersymmetric system possesses topological
symmetries. We also reveal a correspondence between the orthosupersymmetry of
order $p$ and the fractional supersymmetry of order $p+1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7325 </DOCNO>
Confined magnetic guiding orbit states


  We show how snake-orbit states which run along a magnetic edge can be
confined electrically. We consider a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG)
confined into a quantum wire, subjected to a strong perpendicular and steplike
magnetic field $B/-B$. Close to this magnetic step new, spatially confined
bound states arise as a result of the lateral confinement and the magnetic
field step. The number of states, with energy below the first Landau level,
increases as $B$ becomes stronger or as the wire width becomes larger. These
bound states can be understood as an interference between two
counter-propagating one-dimensional snake-orbit states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127720 </DOCNO>
Two New Low Redshift 21cm Absorbers


  As part of a larger program to identify low redshift radio analogues of the
damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) absorbers seen in the spectra of high redshift
quasars, Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) observations have
discovered two new HI 21cm absorption lines at z=0.394 and z=0.437 in the
spectra of the radio sources B 0248+430 and B 1243-072 respectively. These
sightlines and redshifts were selected for study on the basis of the previously
known low ionization absorption lines of MgII, and neither has been observed in
the Lyman-alpha line. The 21cm line observations provide information on column
densities, temperatures and kinematics of the thickest cold neutral clouds in
the absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125377 </DOCNO>
Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Spherical Accretion


  We present three-dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations of
radiatively inefficient spherical accretion onto a black hole. The simulations
are initialized with a Bondi flow, and with a weak, dynamically unimportant,
large-scale magnetic field. The magnetic field is amplified as the gas flows
in. When the magnetic pressure approaches equipartition with the gas pressure,
the field begins to reconnect and the gas is heated up. The heated gas is
buoyant and moves outward, causing line stretching of the frozen-in magnetic
field. This leads to further reconnection, and more heating and
buoyancy-induced motions, so that the flow makes a transition to a state of
self-sustained convection. The radial structure of the flow changes
dramatically from its initial Bondi profile, and the mass accretion rate onto
the black hole decreases significantly. Motivated by the numerical results, we
develop a simplified analytical model of a radiatively inefficient spherical
flow in which convective transport of energy to large radii plays an important
role. In this "convection-dominated Bondi flow" the accretion velocity is
highly subsonic and the density varies with radius as ~R^{-1/2} rather than the
standard Bondi scaling ~R^{-3/2}. We estimate that the mass accretion rate onto
the black hole is significantly less than the Bondi accretion rate.
Convection-dominated Bondi flows may be relevant for understanding many
astrophysical phenomena, e.g. post-supernova fallback and radiatively
inefficient accretion onto supermassive black holes, stellar-mass black holes
and neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124278 </DOCNO>
Clustering in the Universe: from Highly Nonlinear Structures to


  These lecture notes concentrate on a few specific topics concerning the
distribution of galaxies on scales from 0.1 to nearly 1000/h Mpc. The main aim
is to provide the students with the information and tools to familiarize with a
few basic questions: 1) What are the scaling laws followed by the clustering of
luminous objects over almost four decades of scales; 2) How galaxy motions
distort the observed maps in redshift space, and how we can correct and use
them to our benefit; 3) Is the observed clustering of galaxies suggestive of a
fractal Universe; and consequently, 4) Is our faith in the Cosmological
Principle still well placed, i.e. do we see evidence for a homogeneous
distribution of matter on the largest explorable scales, in terms of the
correlation function and power spectrum of the distribution of luminous
objects. For some of these questions we have a well--defined answer, but for
some others the goal is to indicate the path along which there is still a good
deal of exciting work to be done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126933 </DOCNO>
On the X-ray emission of Eta Carinae's outer ejecta


  The extremely luminous and unstable star Eta Carinae is surrounded by ejecta
formed during the star's giant eruption around 1843. The optical nebula
consists of an inner region, the bipolar Homunculus and the outer ejecta. The
X-ray emission as detected in ROSAT and CHANDRA shows a hook shaped emission
structure mainly at the position of the outer ejecta substantially larger than
the Homunculus. We present results of a comparative study of the optical
morphology, the kinematics and the X-ray emission of the outer ejecta around
Eta Carinae. In general we find that the X-ray emission traces the shocks of
faster moving knots in the outer ejecta. First results of CHANDRA/ACIS data
will be presented, with spectra of selected areas in the outer ejecta giving
insight to the conditions (temperature, present elements and degree of
ionization) of the hot gas. The X-ray spectra will again be compared to the
kinematics of the gas as known from our optical spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75934 </DOCNO>
Rare decay $B\to X_sl^+l^-$ in a CP spontaneously broken two Higgs


  The Higgs boson mass spectrum and couplings of neutral Higgs bosons to
fermions are worked out i n a CP spontaneously broken two Higgs doublet model
in the large tan$\beta$ case.
  The differential branching ratio, forward-backward asymmetry, CP asymmetry
and lepton polarization for $B\to X_s l^+ l^-$ are computed. It is shown that
effects of neutral Higgs bosons are quite significant when $\tan\beta$ is
large. Especially, the CP violating normal polarization $P_N$ can be as large
as several percents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113444 </DOCNO>
On p-adic Stochastic Dynamics, Supersymmetry and the Riemann Conjecture


  We construct (assuming the quantum inverse scattering problem has a solution
) the operator that yields the zeroes of the Riemman zeta function by defining
explicitly the supersymmetric quantum mechanical model (SUSY QM) associated
with the p-adic stochastic dynamics of a particle undergoing a Brownian random
walk . The zig-zagging occurs after collisions with an infinite array of
scattering centers that fluctuate randomly. Arguments are given to show that
this physical system can be modeled as the scattering of the particle about the
infinite locations of the prime numbers positions. We are able then to
reformulate such p-adic stochastic process, that has an underlying hidden
Parisi-Sourlas supersymmetry, as the effective motion of a particle in a
potential which can be expanded in terms of an infinite collection of p-adic
harmonic oscillators with fundamental (Wick-rotated imaginary) frequencies
$\omega_p = i log~p$ (p is a prime) and whose harmonics are $\omega_{p, n} = i
log ~ p^n$. The p-adic harmonic oscillator potential allow us to determine a
one-to-one correspondence between the amplitudes of oscillations $a_n$ (and
phases) with the imaginary parts of the zeroes of zeta $\lambda_n$, after
solving the inverse scattering problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 93 </DOCNO>
Spectral Statistics of Instantaneous Normal Modes in Liquids and Random


  We study the statistical properties of eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix
${\cal H}$ (matrix of second derivatives of the potential energy) for a
classical atomic liquid, and compare these properties with predictions for
random matrix models (RMM). The eigenvalue spectra (the Instantaneous Normal
Mode or INM spectra) are evaluated numerically for configurations generated by
molecular dynamics simulations. We find that distribution of spacings between
nearest neighbor eigenvalues, s, obeys quite well the Wigner prediction 
$s exp(-s^2)$, with the agreement being better for higher densities at fixed
temperature. The deviations display a correlation with the number of localized
eigenstates (normal modes) in the liquid; there are fewer localized states at
higher densities which we quantify by calculating the participation ratios of
the normal modes. We confirm this observation by calculating the spacing
distribution for parts of the INM spectra with high participation ratios,
obtaining greater conformity with the Wigner form. We also calculate the
spectral rigidity and find a substantial dependence on the density of the
liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127956 </DOCNO>
Thermal Conduction in Clusters of Galaxies


  We estimate the thermal conductivity of a weakly collisional magnetized
plasma with chaotic magnetic field fluctuations. When the fluctuation spectrum
extends over two or more decades in wave-vector, we find that thermal
conduction is very efficient; the conduction coefficient is only a factor ~5
below the classical Spitzer estimate. We suggest that conduction could play a
significant role in cooling flows in clusters of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95440 </DOCNO>
Virasoro frames and their Stabilizers for the E_8 lattice type Vertex


  The concept of a framed vertex operator algebra was studied in [DGH]
(q-alg/9707008). This article is an analysis of all Virasoro frame stabilizers
of the lattice VOA V for the E_8 root lattice, which is isomorphic to the
E_8-level 1 affine Kac-Moody VOA V.
  We analyze the frame stabilizers, both as abstract groups and as subgroups of
the Lie group Aut(V) = E_8(C). Each frame stabilizer is a finite group,
contained in the normalizer of a 2B-pure elementary abelian 2-group in Aut(V).
In particular, we prove that there are exactly five orbits for the action of
Aut(V) on the set of Virasoro frames, settling an open question about V in
Section 5 of [DGH]. The results about the group structure of the frame
stabilizers can be stated purely in terms of modular braided tensor categories.
  Appendices present aspects of the theory of automorphism groups of VOAs. In
particular, there is a result of general interest, on equivariant embeddings of
lattices: embeddings of lattices into unimodular lattices which respect
automorphism groups and definiteness.
  [DGH] C. Dong, R. Griess and G. Hoehn: "Framed vertex operator algebras,
codes and the moonshine module", Comm. Math. Phys. 193 (1998), 407-448.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97738 </DOCNO>
Special Isothermic Surfaces and Solitons


  We establish a correspondence between Darboux's special isothermic surfaces
of type (A,0,C,D) and the solutions of the second order PDE :
u\Delta(u)-|\nabla(u)|^{2}+\Phi^{4}=s, s \in R. We then use the classical
Darboux transformation for isothermic surfaces to construct a B\"acklund
transformation for this equation and prove a superposition formula for its
solutions. As an application we discuss 1 and 2-soliton solutions and the
corresponding surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5953 </DOCNO>
Wedge covariance for 2D filling and wetting


  A comprehensive theory of interfacial fluctuation effects occurring at 2D
wedge (corner) filling transitions in pure (thermal disorder) and impure
(random bond-disorder) systems is presented. Scaling theory and the explicit
results of transfer matrix and replica trick studies of interfacial Hamiltonian
models reveal that, for almost all examples of intermolecular forces, the
critical behaviour at filling is fluctuation-dominated, characterised by
universal critical exponents and scaling functions that depend only on the
wandering exponent $\zeta$. Within this filling fluctuation (FFL) regime, the
critical behaviour of the mid-point interfacial height, probability
distribution function, local compressibility and wedge free energy are
identical to corresponding quantities predicted for the strong-fluctuation
(SFL) regime for critical wetting transitions at planar walls. In particular
the wedge free energy is related to the SFL regime point tension which is
calculated for systems with random-bond disorder using the replica trick. The
connection with the SFL regime for all these quantities can be expressed
precisely in terms of special wedge covariance relations which complement
standard scaling theory and restrict the allowed values of the critical
exponents for both FFL filling and SFL critical wetting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4546 </DOCNO>
Coarsening of vortex ripples in sand


  The coarsening of an array of vortex ripples prepared in an unstable state is
discussed within the framework of a simple mass transfer model first introduced
by K.H. Andersen et al. [Phys. Rev. E 63, 066308 (2001)]. Two scenarios for the
selection of the final pattern are identified. When the initial state is
homogeneous with uniform random perturbations, a unique final state is reached
which depends only on the shape of the interaction function $f(\lambda)$. A
potential formulation of the dynamics suggests that the final wavelength is
determined by a Maxwell construction applied to $f(\lambda)$, but comparison
with numerical simulations shows that this yields only an upper bound. In
contrast, the evolution from a perfectly homogeneous state with a localized
perturbation proceeds through the propagation of wavelength doubling fronts.
The front speed can be predicted by standard marginal stability theory. In this
case the final wavelength depends on the initial wavelength in a complicated
manner which involves multiplication by factors of 2 and rational ratios such
as 4/3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74936 </DOCNO>
A Newtonian Model for the Quantum Gravitational Back-Reaction on


  Quantum gravitational back-reaction offers a simultaneous explanation for why
the cosmological constant is so small and a natural model of inflation in which
scalars play no role. In this talk I review previous work and present a simple
model of the mechanism in which the induced stress tensor behaves like negative
vacuum energy with a density proportional to $-\Lambda/{8\pi G} \cdot (G
\Lambda)^2 \cdot H t$. The model also highlights the essential role of
causality in back-reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96770 </DOCNO>
Infinite Infrared Regularization and a State Space for the Heisenberg


  We present a method for the construction of a Krein space completion for
spaces of test functions, equipped with an indefinite inner product induced by
a kernel which is more singular than a distribution of finite order. This
generalizes a regularization method for infrared singularities in quantum field
theory, introduced by G. Morchio and F. Strocchi, to the case of singularites
of infinite order. We give conditions for the possibility of this procedure in
terms of local differential operators and the Gelfand- Shilov test function
spaces, as well as an abstract sufficient condition. As a model case we
construct a maximally positive definite state space for the Heisenberg algebra
in the presence of an infinite infrared singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74608 </DOCNO>
Softly Broken A_4 Symmetry for Nearly Degenerate Neutrino Masses


  The leptonic Higgs doublet model of neutrino masses is implemented with an
A_4 discrete symmetry (the even permutation of 4 objects or equivalently the
symmetry of the tetrahedron) which has 4 irreducible representations: 1, 1',
1'', and 3. The resulting spontaneous and soft breaking of A_4 provides a
realistic model of charged-lepton masses as well as a nearly degenerate
neutrino mass matrix. Phenomenological consequences at and below the TeV scale
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4554 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Semiconductors are Frustrated Ferromagnets


  Starting from microscopic and symmetry considerations, we derive the
Hamiltonian describing the exchange interaction between the localized Mn spins
and the valence band holes in $Ga_{1-x}Mn_x As$. We find that due to the strong
spin-orbit coupling in the valence band, this exchange interaction has a rather
complex structure and generates a highly anisotropic effective interaction
between the Mn spins. The corresponding ground state has a finite ferromagnetic
magnetization but is intrinsically spin-disordered even at zero temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123354 </DOCNO>
Reflection Shocked Gas in the Cygnus Loop Supernova Remnant


  We performed spectroscopic X-ray observations of the eastern and northern
regions of the Cygnus Loop with the ASCA observatory. The
 X-ray surface brightness of these regions shows a complex structure in the
ROSAT all-sky survey image. We carried out a spatially-resolved analysis for
both regions and found that $kT_{\rm e}$ did not increase toward the center
region, but showed inhomogeneous structures. Such variation cannot be explained
by a blast wave model propagating into a homogeneous interstellar medium. We
thus investigated the interaction between a blast wave and an interstellar
cloud. Two major emission mechanisms are plausible: a cloud evaporation model
and a reflection shock model. In both regions, only a reflection shock model
qualitatively explains our results. Our results suggest the existence of a
large-scale interstellar cloud. We suppose that such a large-scale structure
would be produced by a precursor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149050 </DOCNO>
Localized gravity with higher curvature terms


  In the intersecting brane configurations with any number $n$ of extra
dimensions, we obtain a localized gravity on the $n$ orthogonal {\it
non-solitonic} or {\it solitonic} $(n+2)$-branes in the presence of higher
derivative terms. In the presence of such terms there would exist a non
vanishing brane tension at the four-dimensional brane intersection of the
$(2+n)$-branes. The effective 4d Planck scale $M_{Pl}$ is determined in terms
of the fundamental scale $M_*$ and the $AdS$ curvature scale $k^{-1}$. With
explicit expression of graviton propagator at hand, we find the power law
correction to Newtonian gravity on the brane. As examples, we discuss some
aspects of the localized gravity in $AdS_6$ space, the solitonic 4-brane
solution in $AdS_6$ and 5-brane solution in $AdS_7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83878 </DOCNO>
Value of Usage and Seller's Listing Behavior in Internet Auctions


  In this paper, we aim to empirically examine the value of website usage and
sellers' listing behavior in the two leading Internet auctions sites, eBay and
Yahoo!Auctions. The descriptive data analysis of the seller's equilibrium
listing behavior indicates that a seller's higher expected auction revenue from
eBay is correlated with a lager number of potential bidders measured by website
usage per listing. Our estimation results, based on the logarithm
specifications of sellers' expected auction revenues and potential bidders'
website usage, show that in a median case, (i) 1 percent increase of the unique
visitors (page views) per listed item induces 0.022 (0.007) percent increase of
a seller's expected auction revenue; and (ii) 1 percent increase of sellers'
listings induces 1.99 (4.74) percent increase of the unique visitors (page
views). Since increased expected auction revenues will induce more listings, we
can infer positive feedback effects between the number of listings and website
usage. Consequently, Yahoo!Auctions, which has substantially less listings, has
greater incentives to increase listings via these feedback effects which are
reflected in its fee schedules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128677 </DOCNO>
Str{\"o}mgren Color-Temperature Relations for Cool Stars


  A new extensive grid of synthetic Str{\"o}mgren colors and bolometric
corrections is presented for F-M type dwarf and giant stars having 3000K $\leq$
T$_{\rm{eff}}$ $\leq$ 8000K, 0.0 $\leq$ log $g$ $\leq$ 5.0, and -3.0 $\leq$
[Fe/H] $\leq$ 0.5. These purely theoretical colors are placed on the
observational system using color calibrations derived from $uvby$ photometry of
nearby field stars having $Hipparcos$ parallaxes and effective temperatures
determined by the infrared flux method. Modern isochrones transformed to the
observed plane using the resultant color-temperature relations are able to
reproduce the $uvby$ color-magnitude diagrams of several open and globular
clusters (notably M 67, M 92, and 47 Tuc) quite satisfactorily.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75244 </DOCNO>
Implications of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment for Supersymmetry


  We re-examine the bounds on supersymmetric particle masses in light of the
E821 data on the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We confirm, extend and
supersede previous bounds. In particular we find (at one sigma) no lower limit
on tan(beta) or upper limit on the chargino mass implied by the data at
present, but at least 4 sparticles must be lighter than 700 to 820 GeV and at
least one sparticle must be lighter than 345 to 440 GeV. However, the E821
central value bounds tan(beta) > 4.7 and the lighter chargino mass by 690 GeV.
For tan(beta) < 10, the data indicates a high probability for direct discovery
of SUSY at Run II or III of the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96769 </DOCNO>
On Cohomology of Hopf Algebroids


  Inspired by [achm01] we introduce the concept of $extended Hopf
algebra$ and consider their cyclic cohomology in the spirit of
Connes-Moscovici [achm01,achm99,achm98]. Extended Hopf algebras are
closely related, but different from, Hopf algebroids. Their definition is
motivated by attempting to define cyclic cohomology of Hopf algebroids in
general. Many of Hopf algebra like structures, including the Connes-Moscovici
algebra $\mathcal{H}_{FM}$ are extended Hopf algebras. We show that the cyclic
cohomology of the extended Hopf algebra U(L,R) naturally associated to a
Lie-Rinehart algebra (L,R) coincides with the homology of (L,R). We also
give some other examples of extended Hopf algebras and their cyclic cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168310 </DOCNO>
Interferometric Bell-state preparation using femtosecond-pulse-pumped


  We present theoretical and experimental study of preparing maximally
entangled two-photon polarization states, or Bell states, using femtosecond
pulse pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). First, we show how
the inherent distinguishability in femtosecond pulse pumped type-II SPDC can be
removed by using an interferometric technique without spectral and amplitude
post-selection. We then analyze the recently introduced Bell state preparation
scheme using type-I SPDC. Theoretically, both methods offer the same results,
however, type-I SPDC provides experimentally superior methods of preparing Bell
states in femtosecond pulse pumped SPDC. Such a pulsed source of highly
entangled photon pairs is useful in quantum communications, quantum
cryptography, quantum teleportation, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5371 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Translational-Rotational Effects in Nucleation


  The role that translational-rotational degrees of freedom play in nucleation
theories is reconsidered by the introduction of a new formalism that properly
accounts for the effects of motion of clusters in nucleation rate. The analysis
of the non-equilibrium kinetics of the process, performed by retaining the
dynamics of the clusters, enables one to clarify some of the paradoxical
aspects that the inclusion of these degrees of freedom has presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128348 </DOCNO>
Analysis of thermally-induced effects in Planck Low Frequency Instrument


  The Planck mission will provide full-sky maps of the Cosmic Microwave
Background with unprecedented angular resolution (~ 10') and sensitivity (DT /
T = 10^-6). This requires cryogenically cooled, high sensitivity detectors as
well as an extremely accurate control of systematic errors, which must be kept
at micro-K level. In this work we focus on systematic effects arising from
thermal instabilities in the Low Frequency Instrument operating in the 30-100
GHz range. Our results show that it is of crucial importance to assure "in
hardware" a high degree of stability. In addition, we provide an estimate of
the level at which it is possible to reduce the contamination level in the
observed maps by proper analysis of the Time Ordered Data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168058 </DOCNO>
Measurement of time in nonrelativistic quantum and classical mechanics


  Possible theoretical frameworks for measurement of (arrival) time in the
nonrelativistic quantum mechanics are reviewed. It is argued that the ambiguity
between indirect measurements by a suitably introduced time operator and direct
measurements by a physical clock particle has a counterpart in the
corresponding classical framework of measurement of the Newtonian time based on
the Hamiltonian mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76043 </DOCNO>
Breaking CP and supersymmetry with orbifold moduli dynamics


  We consider the stabilization of string moduli and resulting soft
supersymmetry-breaking terms in heterotic string orbifolds. Among the results
obtained are: formulae for the scalar interaction soft terms without
integrating out the hidden sector gaugino condensate, which reduce to standard
expressions in the usual "truncated" limit; an expression for the modular
transformation of A-terms; a study of the minima of the scalar potential in the
Kaehler modulus direction; and a discussion of the implications for CP
violation phenomenology.
  Some closely related results have appeared in a recent paper of Khalil,
Lebedev and Morris, namely the exact modular invariance of A-terms up to
unitary mixing, and the existence of certain complex minima for the moduli.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4717 </DOCNO>
Fermion-condensation quantum phase transition in high temperature


  The effect of a quantum phase transition associated with the appearance of
the fermion condensate in an electron liquid on the properties of
superconductors is considered. It is shown that the electron system in both
superconducting and normal states exhibits characteristic features of a quantum
protectorate after the point of this fermion-condensation quantum phase
transition. The single-particle spectrum of a superconductor can be represented
by two straight lines corresponding to two effective masses $M^*_{FC}$ and
$M^*_{L}$. The $M^*_{FC}$ mass characterizes the spectrum up to the binding
energy $E_0$ and $M^*_L$ determines the spectrum at higher binding energies.
Both effective masses are retained in the normal state. These results are used
to explain the lineshape of single-particle excitations and other properties of
high-$T_c$ superconductors and are in a good agreement with recent experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128773 </DOCNO>
Circular Polarization in AGN


  We discuss the constraints that recent observations place on circular
polarization in AGN. In many sources the circular polarization is variable on
short timescales, indicating that it originates in compact regions of the
sources. The best prospects for gleaning further information about circular
polarization are high resolution VLBI and scintillation `imaging' which probe
source structure on milliarcsecond and microarcsecond scales respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2969 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory for Orthofermions and Orthobosons


  Orthofermi statistics is characterized by an exclusion principle which is
more ``exclusive'' than Pauli's exclusion principle: an orbital state shall not
contain more than one particle, no matter what the spin direction is. The
wavefunction is antisymmetric in spatial indices alone with arbitrary symmetry
in the spin indices. Orthobose statistics is corresponding Bose analog: the
wavefunction is symmetric in spatial indices, with arbitrary symmetry in spin
indices. We construct the quantum field theory of particles obeying these new
kinds of quantum statistics. Non-relativistic as well as relativistic quantum
field theories with interactions are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41382 </DOCNO>
Aging tests of the proportional wire chambers using Ar/CF4/CH4


  The Muon Detector of the HERA-B experiment at DESY is a gaseous detector that
provides muon identification in a high-rate hadronic environment. We present
our studies on the properties of several fast gases, Ar/CF4/CH4 (74:20:6),
Ar/CF4/CH4 (67:30:3) and Ar/CF4/CO2 (65:30:5), which have been found to fulfill
muon detection requirements. The severe radiation environment of the HERA-B
experiment leads to the maximum charge deposit on a wire, within the muon
detector, of 200 mC/cm per year. For operation in such an environment, the main
criteria for the choice of gas turned out to be stability against aging. An
overview of aging results from laboratory setups and experimental detectors for
binary and ternary mixtures of Ar, CH4, CF4 and CO2 is presented and the
relevance of the various aging results is discussed. Since it is not clear how
to extrapolate aging results from small to large areas of irradiation, the
lifetime of aluminum proportional chambers was studied under various
conditions. In this paper we provide evidence that aging results depend not
only upon the total collected charge. It was found that the aging rate for
irradiation with $Fe^{55}$ X-rays and 100 MeV $\alpha$-particles may differ by
more than two orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127281 </DOCNO>
$^1$S$_0$ Neutron Pairing vs Observations of Cooling Neutron Stars


  As shown recently by Kaminker et al. (2001), current observations of thermal
emission of isolated middle-aged neutron stars (NSs) can be explained by
cooling of NSs of different masses with the cores composed of neutrons, protons
and electrons, assuming rather strong superfluidity (SF) of protons, weak
triplet-state SF of neutrons and neglecting singlet-state SF of neutrons. We
show that this explanation remains correct in the presence of singlet-state SF
of neutrons in the NS crust and outermost core but under stringent constraints
on the density profile of the SF critical temperature $T_{\rm cns}(\rho)$. In
order to explain observations of (young and hot) RX J0822--43 and (old and
warm) PSR 1055--52 and RX J1856--3754 as cooling not too massive NSs, the
maximum $T_{\rm cns}^{\rm max}$ should be rather high ($\ga 5 \times 10^9$ K)
and the decrease of $T_{\rm cns}(\rho)$ outside the maximum should be sharp.
These results place important constraints on the models of nucleon SF in dense
matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95501 </DOCNO>
Representaciones integrales para el campo electromagnetico en medios


  The Maxwell equations for chiral media are treated with the aid of
quaternionic analysis methods. Besides the possibility of simplification of the
form of such basic facts like the Stratton-Chu formulas we obtain a criterion
for the extendability of the electromagnetic field from a sufficiently smooth
closed surface to its interior or exterior domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127097 </DOCNO>
Propagation of thermonuclear flames on rapidly rotating neutron stars:


  We analyze the global hydrodynamic flow in the ocean of an accreting, rapidly
rotating, non-magnetic neutron star in an LMXB during a type I X-ray burst. Our
analysis takes into account the rapid rotation of the star and the lift-up of
the burning ocean during the burst. We find a new regime for spreading of a
nuclear burning front, where the flame is carried along a coherent shear flow
across the front. If turbulent viscosity is weak, the speed of flame
propagation is ~20 km/s, while, if turbulent viscosity is dynamically
important, the flame speed increases, and reaches the maximum value, ~300 km/s,
when the eddy overturn frequency is comparable to the Coriolis parameter. We
show that, due to rotationally reduced gravity, the thermonuclear runaway is
likely to begin on the equator. The equatorial belt is ignited first, and the
flame then propagates from the equator to the poles. Inhomogeneous cooling
(equator first, poles second) drives strong zonal currents which may be
unstable to formation of Jupiter-type vortices; we conjecture that these
vortices are responsible for modulation of X-ray flux in the tails of some
bursts. We consider the effect of strong zonal currents on the frequency of
modulation of the X-ray flux and show that the large values of the frequency
drifts observed in some bursts can be accounted for within our model combined
with the model of homogeneous radial expansion. Also, if inhomogeneities are
trapped in the forward zonal flows around the propagating burning front, chirps
with large frequency ranges (~25-500 Hz) may be detectable during the burst
rise. We argue that an MHD dynamo within the burning front can generate a
small-scale magnetic field, which may enforce vertically rigid flow in the
front's wake and can explain the coherence of oscillations in the burst tail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81094 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Gravity, and Approximate Lorentz Invariance


  A classical dynamical system in a four-dimensional Euclidean space with
universal time is considered. The space is hypothesized to be originally
occupied by a uniform substance, pictured as a liquid, which at some time
became supercooled. Our universe began as a nucleation event initiating a
liquid to solid transition. The universe we inhabit and are directly aware of
consists of only the three-dimensional expanding phase boundary - a crystalline
surface. Random energy transfers to the boundary from thermal fluctuations in
the adjacent bulk phases are interpreted by us as quantum fluctuations, and
give a physical realization to the stochastic quantization technique. Fermionic
matter is modeled as screw dislocations; gauge bosons as surface acoustic
waves. Minkowski space emerges dynamically through redefining local time to be
proportional to the spatial coordinate perpendicular to the boundary. Lorentz
invariance is only approximate, and the photon spectrum (now a phonon spectrum)
has a maximum energy. Other features include a geometrical quantum
gravitational theory based on elasticity theory, and a simple explanation of
the quantum measurement process as a spontaneous symmetry breaking. Present,
past and future are physically distinct regions, the present being a unique
surface where our universe is being continually constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75193 </DOCNO>
Radiative Lepton Decays and the Substructure of Leptons


  The leptons are viewed as composite objects, exhibiting anomalous magnetic
moments and anomalous flavor-changing transition moments. The decay \mu \to e
\gamma is expected to occur with a branching ratio of the same order as the
present experimental limit. The first order QED radiative correction is
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168499 </DOCNO>
Bell-inequality violation with "thermal" radiation


  The model of a quantum-optical device for a conditional preparation of
entangled states from input mixed states is presented. It is demonstrated that
even thermal or pseudo-thermal radiation can be entangled in such a way, that
Bell-inequalities are violated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126964 </DOCNO>
Asteroseismology of delta Scuti stars - a parameter study and


  We assess the potential of asteroseismology for determining the fundamental
properties of individual $\delta$ Scuti stars. We computed a grid of evolution
and adiabatic pulsation models using the Yale Rotating Evolution Code to study
the systematic changes in low-order ($\ell = 0, 1, 2,$ and 3) modes as
functions of fundamental stellar properties. Changes to the stellar mass,
chemical composition, and convective core overshooting length change the
observable pulsation spectrum significantly. In general, mass has the strongest
effect on evolution and on pulsation, followed by the metal abundance. Changes
to the helium content have very little effect on the frequencies until near the
end of the main sequence. Changes to each of the four parameters change the
$p$-mode frequencies more, both in absolute and relative terms, than they do
the $g$- and mixed-mode frequencies, suggesting that these parameters have a
greater effect on the outer layers of the star.
  We also present evolution and pulsation models of the well-studied star FG
Virginis, outlining a possible method of locating favorable models in the
stellar parameter space based upon a definitive identification of only two
modes. Specifically, we plot evolution models on the (period-period ratio) and
(temperature-period ratio) planes to select candidate models, and modify the
core overshooting parameter to fit the observed star. For these tests, we
adjusted only the mass, helium and metal abundances, and core overshooting
parameter, but this method can be extended to include the effects of
first-order rotational splitting and second-order rotational distortion of
pulsation spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 770 </DOCNO>
Theory of ferromagnetism in (A,Mn)B semiconductors


  A brief review of theory of ferromagnetism of dilute magnetic semiconductors
of the form (A,Mn)B based on the double exchange model is first given. A
systematic investigation of the phenomena extending the current theory is
outlined. We begin with an investigation of the regions of instability of the
nonmagnetic towards the ferromagnetic state of a system of Mn-atoms doped in
AB-type semiconductor. A self-consistent many-body theory of the ferromagnetic
state is then developed, going beyond the mean field approaches by including
fluctuations of the Mn-spins and the itinerant hole-gas. A functional theory
suitable for computation of system properties such as Curie temperature as a
function of hole and the Mn-concentration, spin-current, etc. is formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168641 </DOCNO>
`Circular type' quantum key distribution


  `Circular type' interferometric system for quantum key distribution is
proposed. The system has naturally self-alignment and compensation of
birefringence and also has enough efficiency against polarisation dependence.
Moreover it is easily applicable to multi-party. Key creation with 0.1 photon
per pulse at a rate of 1.2KHz with a 5.4% QBER over a 200m fiber was realized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124620 </DOCNO>
HST Observations of SGR 0526-66: New Constraints on Accretion and


  Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters (SGRs) are among the most enigmatic sources known
today. Exhibiting huge X- and Gamma-ray bursts and flares, as well as soft
quiescent X-ray emission, their energy source remains a mystery. Just as
mysterious are the Anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), which share many of the same
characteristics. Thanks to recent Chandra observations, SGR 0526-66, the first
SGR, now appears to be a transition object bridging the two classes, and
therefore observations of it have implications for both SGRs and AXPs. The two
most popular current models for their persistent emission are accretion of a
fossil disk or decay of an enormous (~10^15 G) magnetic field in a magnetar. We
show how deep optical observations of SGR 0526-66, the only SGR with small
enough optical extinction for meaningful observations, show no evidence of an
optical counterpart. These observation place strong new constraints on both
accretion disk and magnetar models, and suggest that the spectral energy
distribution may peak in the hard-UV. Almost all accretion disks are excluded
by the optical data, and a magnetar would require a ~10^15-10^16 G field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84014 </DOCNO>
Versatile Data Acquisition and Controls for Epics Using Vme-Based Fpgas


  Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have provided Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) with versatile VME-based data
acquisition and control interfaces with minimal development times. FPGA designs
have been used to interface to VME and provide control logic for numerous
systems. The building blocks of these logic designs can be tailored to the
individual needs of each system and provide system operators with read-backs
and controls via a VME interface to an EPICS based computer. This versatility
allows the system developer to choose components and define operating
parameters and options that are not readily available commercially. Jefferson
Lab has begun developing standard FPGA libraries that result in quick turn
around times and inexpensive designs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5963 </DOCNO>
Structural and electronic properties of the Nb$_4$-cluster compound


  We report resistivity, thermopower and magnetic susceptibility measurements
on the Nb$_4$-cluster compounds Ga$_{1.33}$Nb$_4$X$_{8}$ (X = S, Se), derived
from vacancy ordered spinels A$_x$T$_4$X$_8$. The cubic selenide phase is
insulating and its resistivity crosses over from $\ln{\rho} \sim T^{-1}$ to
$\sim T^{-1/2}$ on cooling below 150 K, indicating variable range hopping (VRH)
conduction at low temperatures. This is similar to that previously reported for
V$_4$ and Mo$_4$ cluster compounds. The rhombohedrally distorted sulfide is
metallic and shows a minimum in resistance at $\sim $ 56 K below which the
resistivity varies as $\rho(T) \sim T^{-1/2}$. The thermopower of the selenide
becomes temperature independent below the crossover temperature. These Nb$_4$
compounds exhibit enhanced Pauli-paramagnetic magnetic susceptibility ($\chi$)
irrespective of their transport properties and both undergo a similar
transition in $\chi(T) \sim 30$ K. We discuss these properties in the model of
hopping conduction under long-range Coulomb repulsion effects and derive
consistency between some of the transport and magnetic parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86428 </DOCNO>
Light Rays at Optical Black Holes in Moving Media


  Light experiences a non-uniformly moving medium as an effective gravitational
field, endowed with an effective metric tensor $\tilde{g}^{\mu \nu}=\eta^{\mu
\nu}+(n^2-1)u^\mu u^\nu$, $n$ being the refractive index and $u^\mu$ the
four-velocity of the medium. Leonhardt and Piwnicki [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 60},
4301 (1999)] argued that a flowing dielectric fluid of this kind can be used to
generate an 'optical black hole'. In the Leonhardt-Piwnicki model, only a
vortex flow was considered. It was later pointed out by Visser [Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 85}, 5252 (2000)] that in order to form a proper optical black hole
containing an event horizon, it becomes necessary to add an inward radial
velocity component to the vortex flow. In the present paper we undertake this
task: we consider a full spiral flow, consisting of a vortex component plus a
radially infalling component. Light propagates in such a dielectric medium in a
way similar to that occurring around a rotating black hole. We calculate, and
show graphically, the effective potential versus the radial distance from the
vortex singularity, and show that the spiral flow can always capture light in
both a positive, and a negative, inverse impact parameter interval. The
existence of a genuine event horizon is found to depend on the strength of the
radial flow, relative to the strength of the azimuthal flow. A limitation of
our fluid model is that it is nondispersive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129394 </DOCNO>
The Big Flow


  The late infall of cold dark matter onto an isolated galaxy, such as our own,
produces streams and caustics in its halo. The outer caustics are topological
spheres whereas the inner caustics are rings. The self-similar model of
galactic halo formation predicts that the caustic ring radii $a_n$ follow the
approximate law $a_n \sim 1/n$. In a study of 32 extended and well-measured
external galactic rotation curves evidence was found for this law. In the case
of the Milky Way, the locations of eight sharp rises in the rotation curve fit
the prediction of the self-similar model at the 3% level. Moreover, a
triangular feature in the IRAS map of the galactic plane is consistent with the
imprint of a ring caustic upon the baryonic matter. These observations imply
that the dark matter in our neighborhood is dominated by a single flow.
Estimates of that flow's density and velocity vector are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98592 </DOCNO>
The domatic number of regular and almost regular graphs


  The domatic number of a graph $G$, denoted $dom(G)$, is the maximum possible
cardinality of a family of disjoint sets of vertices of $G$, each set being a
dominating set of $G$. It is well known that every graph without isolated
vertices has $dom(G) \geq 2$. For every $k$, it is known that there are graphs
with minimum degree at least $k$ and with $dom(G)=2$. In this paper we prove
that this is not the case if $G$ is $k$-regular or {\em almost} $k$-regular (by
``almost'' we mean that the minimum degree is $k$ and the maximum degree is at
most $Ck$ for some fixed real number $C \geq 1$). In this case we prove that
$dom(G) \geq (1+o_k(1))k/(2\ln k)$. We also prove that the order of magnitude
$k/\ln k$ cannot be improved. One cannot replace the constant 2 with a constant
smaller than 1. The proof uses the so called {\em semi-random method} which
means that combinatorial objects are generated via repeated applications of the
probabilistic method; in our case iterative applications of the Lov\'asz Local
Lemma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98178 </DOCNO>
Regular canonical covers


  We construct three sequences of regular surfaces of general type with
unbounded numerical invariants whose canonical map is 2-to-1 onto a canonically
embedded surface. Only sporadic examples of surfaces with these properties were
previously known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125682 </DOCNO>
Evaluating GAIA performances on eclipsing binaries. I. Orbits and


  The orbits and physical parameters of three detached, double-lined A-F
eclipsing binaries have been derived combining H_P, V_T, B_T photometry from
the Hipparcos/Tycho mission with 8500-8750 Ang ground-based spectroscopy,
mimicking the photometric+spectroscopic observations that should be obtained by
GAIA, the approved Cornerstone 6 mission by ESA. This study has two main
objectives, namely (a) to derive reasonable orbits for a number of new
eclipsing binaries and (b) to evaluate the expected performances by GAIA on
eclipsing binaries and the accuracy achievable on the determination of
fundamental stellar parameters like masses and radii. It is shown that a 1%
precision in the basic stellar parameters can be achieved by GAIA on well
observed detached eclipsing binaries provided that the spectroscopic
observations are performed at high enough resolution. Other types of eclipsing
binaries (including semi-detached and contact types) and different spectral
types will be investigated in following papers along this series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 691 </DOCNO>
Self generated randomness, defect wandering and viscous flow in stripe


  We show that the competition between interactions on different length scales,
as relevant for the formation of stripes in doped Mott insulators, can cause a
glass transition in a system with no explicitly quenched disorder. We
analytically determine a universal criterion for the emergence of an
exponentially large number of metastable configurations that leads to a finite
configurational entropy and a landscape dominated viscous flow. We demonstrate
that glassines is unambiguously tied to a new length scale which characterizes
the typical length over which defects and imperfections in the stripe pattern
are allowed to wander over long times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73312 </DOCNO>
New Limits on the Color-Octet Technirho Mass from its Decay to Dijets


  Recently has been shown that the physical (mass eigenstate) color-octet
technirho does not couple to two gluons. In this letter we study how this
result affects the presently accepted limits for the color-octet technirho mass
obtained from the study of dijets production at the Tevatron. First we show
that data from Tevatron Run 1b can not exclude any mass range. Finally, we
obtain limits for the Tevatron Run II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41394 </DOCNO>
Recent results from CLEO collaboration


  Recent CLEO results on beauty and charm meson decays presented at the
International Conference on Flavor Physics (ICFP2001) are discussed. The
results include exclusive rare B decays (B to PP, PV, VV, \phiK^(*),
l^+l^-K^(*)), inclusive b to s \gamma, and CP violation measurements in beauty
and charm mesons. Preliminary results on rare B decays using CLEO III data are
also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4755 </DOCNO>
Cancellation of Spin-Orbit Effects in Quantum Gates Based on the


  We study the effect of the spin-orbit interaction on quantum gate operations
based on the spin exchange coupling where the qubit is represented by the
electron spin in a quantum dot or a similar nanostructure. Our main result is
the exact cancellation of the spin-orbit effects in the sequence producing the
quantum XOR gate for the ideal case where the pulse shapes of the exchange and
spin-orbit interactions are identical. For the non-ideal case, the two pulse
shapes can be made almost identical and the gate error is strongly suppressed
by two small parameters, the spin-orbit constant and the deviation of the two
pulse shapes. We show that the dipole-dipole interaction leads only to very
small errors in the XOR gate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1823 </DOCNO>
Dielectric properties of correlated quantum plasmas


  Results for the dynamic structure factor of a one-component plasma are
presented for the situations of strong coupling and weak degeneracy and strong
degeneracy and weak coupling. Possibilities to obtain rigorous results when
both, coupling and degeneracy are large are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124045 </DOCNO>
Are Cen a and M87 Tev Gamma-Ray Sources?


  In this paper, we identify Cen A and M87, two nearby Fanaroff-Riley I (FRI)
radio galaxies, with high-energy-peaked BL Lac-like (HBL-like) objects by
investigating their spectral energy distributions (SEDs). The SED peak of Cen A
at $\sim$150 keV, which was generally believed to be the peak of
inverse-Compton emission as in the case of 3C 273, is found to be actually the
peak of synchrotron emission. The synchrotron emission of M87 peaks in the far
UV band. We summarize the properties of $\gamma$-ray-loud blazars, especially
those of TeV BL Lac objects, and generalize them to HBL-like FRI radio galaxies
according to the unified scheme of BL Lac objects and FRI radio galaxies. We
infer that Cen A may have a peak in its Compton component power output at
$\sim$1 TeV, and that M87 may have a Compton emission peak at $\sim$0.1 TeV.
For Cen A, the estimated TeV $\gamma$-ray flux during outburst is F(0.25 $-$ 30
TeV) = 6.4$\times10^{-9}$ erg cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$, and for M87, F(0.25 $-$ 30
TeV) = 1.1$\times10^{-11}$ erg cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. Both fluxes are detectable by
TeV detectors available today, and hence Cen A and M87 are TeV $\gamma$-ray
source candidates. By investigating the long term variability, we predict that
Cen A will undergo an outburst in the near future and will be detectable at the
TeV $\gamma$-ray energy range using the CANGAROO and the German-French-Italian
experiment HESS TeV $\gamma$-ray telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4528 </DOCNO>
Collectivity in the optical response of small metal clusters


  The question whether the linear absorption spectra of metal clusters can be
interpreted as density oscillations (collective ``plasmons'') or can only be
understood as transitions between distinct molecular states is still a matter
of debate for clusters with only a few electrons. We calculate the
photoabsorption spectra of Na2 and Na5+ comparing two different methods:
quantum fluid-dynamics and time-dependent density functional theory. The
changes in the electronic structure associated with particular excitations are
visualized in ``snapshots'' via transition densities. Our analysis shows that
even for the smallest clusters, the observed excitations can be interpreted as
intuitively understandable density oscillations. For Na5+, the importance of
self-interaction corrections to the adiabatic local density approximation is
demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72788 </DOCNO>
Implications of BNL measurement of \delta a_{\mu} on scalar leptoquark


  Recently BNL have measured the muon magnetic moment anomaly with increased
precision. The world average experimental value at present shows a discrepancy
of 43(16)\times 10^{-10} from the Standard Model value. In this paper we
investigate the implications of this difference on a class of scalar leptoquark
interactions to SM quark-lepton pair.
  We find that for leptoquarks in the few hundred Gev range the BNL muon
anomaly could arise from leptoquark couplings that are much smaller than the
electromagnetic coupling.
  We also find that the BNL value for the muon anomaly leads to an unambiguous
prediction for the electric dipole moment of the muon and a bound on the flavor
changing leptoquark coupling relevant for the rare decay \mu\to e\gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76021 </DOCNO>
Strange Vector Form Factor of Kaons


  Starting from the $\omega$-$\phi$ mixing, further assuming the coupling of
the quark-current of some flavour to be of universal strenth exclusively to the
component of vector-meson wave function with the same flavour and finally
taking numerical values of the coupling constant ratios $(f_{\omega K \bar
K}/f_{\omega}^e)$, $(f_{\phi K\bar K/f_{\phi}^e)$ from the isoscalar part of a
realistic six-resonance unitary and analytic model of the kaon electromagnetic
structure, the strange-quark vector current form factor behaviour of K-mesons
in space-like and time-like regions is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83602 </DOCNO>
Belief Revision: A Critique


  We examine carefully the rationale underlying the approaches to belief change
taken in the literature, and highlight what we view as methodological problems.
We argue that to study belief change carefully, we must be quite explicit about
the ``ontology'' or scenario underlying the belief change process. This is
something that has been missing in previous work, with its focus on postulates.
Our analysis shows that we must pay particular attention to two issues that
have often been taken for granted: The first is how we model the agent's
epistemic state. (Do we use a set of beliefs, or a richer structure, such as an
ordering on worlds? And if we use a set of beliefs, in what language are these
beliefs are expressed?) We show that even postulates that have been called
``beyond controversy'' are unreasonable when the agent's beliefs include
beliefs about her own epistemic state as well as the external world. The second
is the status of observations. (Are observations known to be true, or just
believed? In the latter case, how firm is the belief?) Issues regarding the
status of observations arise particularly when we consider iterated belief
revision, and we must confront the possibility of revising by p and then by
not-p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148211 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Non-Holomorphic correction in N=2 superspace


  We study quantum corrections on four derivative term of vector multiplets in
${\cal{N}}=2$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We first show splitting of
quantum correction on gauge neutral hypermultiplets from U(1) vector multiplets
at four derivative order. We then revisit the non-renormalization theorem given
by N. Seiberg and M. Dine and show the non-renormalization theorem in mixed
(coulomb plus Higgs) branch even though gauge neutral hypermultiplet develops
the vacuum expectation value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148089 </DOCNO>
Type-I vacua from non-geometric Orbifolds


  Some examples of Type-I vacua related to non geometric orbifolds are shown.
In particular, the open descendants of the diagonal $Z_3$ orbifold are compared
with the geometric ones. Although not chiral, these models exhibit some
interesting properties, like twisted sectors in the open-string spectra and the
presence of ``quantized'' geometric moduli, a key ingredient to ensure their
perturbative consistency and to explain the rank reduction of their Chan-Paton
groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7273 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Off-stoichiometry mechanism of the isotope effect in


  In a recent paper, Nagaev cited the unpublished paper by Franck et al.to
support his theoretical model for the mechanism of the giant isotope effect
observed in La_{1-x}Ca_{x}MnO_{3+y} (x = 0.20, y > 0). His model suggests that
the off-stoichiometric oxygen content depends strongly on the oxygen isotope
mass, which leads to a giant oxygen-isotope effect. Here I show that his
theoretical model is not consistent with any experimental results (even the
results recently published by Franck et al.), and his estimate of polaronic
bandwidth is wrong due to his misuse of polaronic theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1756 </DOCNO>
Non-resonant microwave absorption studies of superconducting MgB_2


  Non-resonant microwave absorption(NRMA) studies of superconducting MgB_2 at a
frequency of 9.43 GHz in the field range -50 Gauss to 5000 Gauss are reported.
The NRMA results indicate near absence of intergranular weak links. A linear
temperature dependence of the lower critical field H_c1 is observed indicating
a non s-wave superconductivity. However, the phase reversal of the NRMA signal
which could suggest d-wave symmetry is also not observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113650 </DOCNO>
On the nature of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates in rubidium


  We perform detailed close-coupling calculations for the rubidium isotopes
85Rb and 87Rb to ascertain the nature of their spinor Bose-Einstein
condensates. These calculations predict that the spinor condensate for the
spin-1 boson 87Rb has a ferromagnetic nature. The spinor condensates for the
spin-2 bosons 85Rb and 87Rb, however, are both predicted to be polar. The
nature of a spin-1 condensate hinges critically on the sign of the difference
between the s-wave scattering lengths for total spin 0 and 2 while the nature
of a spin-2 condensate depends on the values of the differences between s-wave
scattering lengths for the total spin 0, 2 and 4. These scattering lengths were
extracted previously and found to have overlapping uncertainties for all three
cases, thus leaving the nature of the spinor condensates ambiguous. The present
study exploits a refined uncertainty analysis of the scattering lengths based
on recently improved result from experimental work by Roberts et al., which
permits us to extract an unambiguous result for the nature of the ground state
spinor condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77137 </DOCNO>
K_l3 form factors at order p^6 in chiral perturbation theory


  This paper describes the calculation of the semileptonic K_l3 decay form
factor at order p^6 of chiral perturbation theory which is the next-to-leading
order correction to the well-known p^4 result achieved by Gasser and Leutwyler.
At order p^6 the chiral expansion contains 1- and 2-loop diagrams which are
discussed in detail. The irreducible 2-loop graphs of the sunset topology are
calculated numerically. In addition, the chiral Lagrangian L^6 produces direct
couplings with the W-bosons. Due to these unknown couplings, one can always add
linear terms in q^2 to the predictions of the form factor f_-(q^2). For the
form factor f_+(q^2), this ambiguity involves even quadratic terms. Making use
of the fact that the pion electromagnetic form factor involves the same q^4
counter term, the q^4-ambiguity can be resolved. Apart from the possibility of
adding an arbitrary linear term in q^2 our calculation shows that chiral
perturbation theory converges very well in this application, as the O(p^6)
corrections are small. Comparing the predictions of chiral perturbation theory
with the recent CPLEAR data, it is seen that the experimental form factor
f_+(q^2) is well described by a linear fit, but that the slope lambda_+ is
smaller by about 2 standard deviations than the O(p^4) prediction. The
unavoidable q^2 counter term of the O(p^6) corrections allows to bring the
predictions of chiral perturbation theory into perfect agreement with
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124655 </DOCNO>
Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectroscopy of Galactic


  We report the results of two Chandra X-ray Observatory High Energy
Transmission Grating Spectrometer observations, made shortly after peak X-ray
luminosity during the May, 2000 outburst of galactic microquasar XTE J1550-564.
The observations were separated by 2.5 days. Nearly simultaneous observations
were made with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We constrain the X-ray
continuum emission in the region of the iron K-alpha line in the Chandra data
via the results of fits to the RXTE data. The high-resolution Chandra spectra
are featureless, with the possible exception of features at 6.7 keV and 7.0 keV
(likely helium-like and hydrogenic iron, respectively). The Chandra spectra do
allow but do not require a broad line component in the iron K-alpha region. We
discuss these findings within the context of the general relativistic region
around black holes and the accretion flow geometry of XTE J1550-564.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150247 </DOCNO>
One-loop Noncommutative U(1) Gauge Theory from Bosonic Worldline


  We develop a method to compute the one-loop effective action of
noncommutative U(1) gauge theory based on the bosonic worldline formalism, and
derive compact expressions for N-point 1PI amplitudes. The method, resembling
perturbative string computations, shows that open Wilson lines emerge as a
gauge invariant completion of certain terms in the effective action. The terms
involving open Wilson lines are of the form reminiscent of closed string
exchanges between the states living on the two boundaries of a cylinder. They
are also consistent with recent matrix theory analysis and the results from
noncommutative scalar field theories with cubic interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149650 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian formulation of nonAbelian noncommutative gauge theories


  We implement the Hamiltonian treatment of a nonAbelian noncommutative gauge
theory, considering with some detail the algebraic structure of the
noncommutative symmetry group. The first class constraints and Hamiltonian are
obtained and their algebra derived, as well as the form of the gauge invariance
they impose on the first order action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124582 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Molecular Hydrogen in Translucent Interstellar


  We report the second study from the FUSE survey of molecular hydrogen in
translucent clouds, for the line of sight toward HD 110432. This star lies
beyond the Coalsack dark nebula, and with E(B-V) = 0.40, and A_V = 1.32 this
line of sight bridges the gap between less extinguished diffuse cloud lines of
sight with A_V \sim 1, such as Zeta Oph, and the translucent clouds with A_V
\gtrsim 2 such as HD 73882. Through profile fitting and a curve-of-growth
analysis, we have derived rotational populations for H2 for J = 0--7. The line
of sight has a total molecular hydrogen column density, log N(H2) = 20.68 \pm
0.05 cm^{-2}, nearly identical to that toward Zeta Oph, but a factor of three
less than HD 73882. The ratio of N(J=1) to N(J=0) yields a kinetic temperature
T_{kin} = 63 \pm 7 K, similar to other lines of sight with A_V \gtrsim 1. The
high-J lines show considerable excitation above this temperature. The high-J
excitation is similar to that toward Zeta Oph, but much smaller than that
toward HD 73882. Chemical modeling indicates that the physical conditions in
the cloud(s) are very similar to those in the cloud(s) toward Zeta Oph. An
analysis of IUE spectra of the Lyman-alpha line gives log N(H I) = 20.85 \pm
0.15 cm^{-2}. Combined with N(H2), we derive a hydrogen molecular fraction,
f_{H2} = 0.58 pm 0.12, statistically identical to that found for the lines of
sight toward Zeta Oph and HD 73882. We also report column densities for the HD
and CO molecules. From the combined measurements of hydrogen and carbon-
containing molecules, the line of sight toward HD 110432 appears quite similar
to the diffuse cloud line of sight toward Zeta Oph, and quite dissimilar to the
translucent cloud line of sight toward HD 73882.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5205 </DOCNO>
Renormalisation-theoretic analysis of non-equilibrium phase transitions


  We study in detail the application of renormalisation theory to models of
cluster aggregation and fragmentation of relevance to nucleation and growth
processes. We investigate the Becker-Dorging equations, originally formulated
to describe and analyse non-equilibrium phase transitions, and more recently
generalised to describe a wide range of physicochemical problems. In the
present paper we analyse how the systematic coarse-graining renormalisation of
the \BD system of equations affects the aggregation and fragmentation rate
coefficients. We consider the case of power-law size-dependent cluster rate
coefficients which we show lead to only three classes of system that require
analysis: coagulation-dominated systems, fragmentation-dominated systems and
those where coagulation and fragmentation are exactly balanced. We analyse the
late-time asymptotics associated with each class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6195 </DOCNO>
Gas molecule adsorption in carbon nanotubes and nanotube bundles


  We studied various gas molecules (NO$_2$, O$_2$, NH$_3$, N$_2$, CO$_2$,
CH$_4$, H$_2$O, H$_2$, Ar) on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and
bundles using first principles methods. The equilibrium position, adsorption
energy, charge transfer, and electronic band structures are obtained for
different kinds of SWNTs. Most molecules adsorb weakly on SWNTs and can be
either charge donor or acceptor to the nanotubes. We find the gas adsorption on
the bundle interstitial and groove sties is stronger than that on an individual
tube. The electronic properties of SWNTs are sensitive to the adsorption of
certain gases such as NO$_2$ and O$_2$. Charge transfer and gas-induced charge
fluctuation might significantly affect the transport properties of SWNTs. Our
theoretical results are consistent with recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73319 </DOCNO>
Probing Models with Near Degeneracy of the Chargino and LSP at a Linear


  For some choices of soft SUSY--breaking parameters, the LSP is a stable
neutralino, the NLSP is a chargino almost degenerate in mass with the LSP (with
mass difference $\sim m_{\pi}-$few GeV), and all other sparticles are
relatively heavy. We discuss the potential of a $\sqrt{s}\sim 600\gev$ $e^+e^-$
collider for studying such models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4823 </DOCNO>
Double-well magnetic trap for Bose-Einstein condensates


  We present a magnetic trapping scheme for neutral atoms based on a hybrid of
Ioffe-Pritchard and Time-averaged Orbiting Potential traps. The resulting
double-well magnetic potential has readily controllable barrier height and well
separation. This offers a new tool for studying the behavior of Bose
condensates in double-well potentials, including atom interferometry and
Josephson tunneling. We formulate a description for the potential of this
magnetic trap and discuss practical issues such as loading with atoms,
evaporative cooling and manipulating the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128804 </DOCNO>
Discover of the "missing" mode in HR 1217 by the Whole Earth Telescope


  HR 1217 is a prototypical rapidly oscillating Ap star that has presented a
test to the theory of nonradial stellar pulsation. Prior observations showed a
clear pattern of five modes with alternating frequency spacings of 33.3 microHz
and 34.6 microHz, with a sixth mode at a problematic spacing of 50.0 microHz
(which equals 1.5 times 33.3 microHz) to the high-frequency side. Asymptotic
pulsation theory allowed for a frequency spacing of 34 microHz, but Hipparcos
observations rule out such a spacing. Theoretical calculations of
magnetoacoustic modes in Ap stars by Cunha (2001) predicted that there should
be a previously undetected mode 34 microHz higher than the main group, with a
smaller spacing between it and the highest one. In this Letter, we present
preliminary results from a multi-site photometric campaign on the rapidly
oscillating Ap star HR 1217 using the "Whole Earth Telescope". While a complete
analysis of the data will appear in a later paper, one outstanding result from
this run is the discovery of a newly detected frequency in the pulsation
spectrum of this star, at the frequency predicted by Cunha (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86085 </DOCNO>
Geometric Stability of Brane-worlds


  The stability conditions for coordinate gauge independent perturbations of
brane-worlds are analyzed. It is shown that, these conditions lead to the
Einstein-Hilbert dynamics and to a confined gauge potential, independently of
models and metric ansatzes. The size of the extra dimensions are estimated
without assuming a fixed topology. The quantum modes corresponding to high
frequency gravitational waves are defined through a canonical structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4836 </DOCNO>
Broken Symmetry and Josephson-like Tunneling in Quantum Hall Bilayers


  I review recent novel experimental and theoretical advances in the physics of
quantum Hall effect bilayers. Of particular interest is a broken symmetry state
which optimizes correlations by putting the electrons into a coherent
superposition of the two different layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75123 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Chaos and the Growth of Cosmological Fluctuations


  I demonstrate that instability in a system of homogeneous scalar fields leads
to the growth of super-Hubble metric perturbations. This generalizes the result
that parametric resonance can lead to the growth of cosmological perturbations.
Since dynamical chaos is common in multi-field quartically coupled systems, I
argue that the evolution of the fields after inflation must be examined to
determine whether the amplitude of cosmological metric perturbations is
underestimated in the standard inflationary calculations. I illustrate this
effect with a simple hybrid inflation model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2425 </DOCNO>
Thermal and Dynamic Effects in Langevin Simulation of Hysteresis in


  Dynamic quantities related to hysteresis have been measured in micromagnetic
simulations of single-domain nanoscale magnets at nonzero temperature. The
hysteresis-loop area and magnetization-field correlation display the
characteristics of resonance, and the resonance frequency is found to be
temperature dependent. The period-averaged magnetization displays symmetry
breaking at high frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129405 </DOCNO>
Afterglow lightcurves, viewing angle and the jet structure of gamma-ray


  Gamma ray bursts are often modelled as jet-like outflows directed towards the
observer; the cone angle of the jet is then commonly inferred from the time at
which there is a steepening in the power-law decay of the afterglow. We
consider an alternative model in which the jet has a beam pattern where the
luminosity per unit solid angle (and perhaps also the initial Lorentz factor)
decreases smoothly away from the axis, rather than having a well-defined cone
angle within which the flow is uniform. We show that the break in the afterglow
light curve then occurs at a time that depends on the viewing angle. Instead of
implying a range of intrinsically different jets - some very narrow, and others
with similar power spread over a wider cone - the data on afterglow breaks
could be consistent with a standardized jet, viewed from different angles. We
discuss the implication of this model for the luminosity function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5291 </DOCNO>
The Moment of Inertia and the Scissors Mode of a Bose-condensed Gas


  We relate the frequency of the scissors mode to the moment of inertia of a
trapped Bose gas at finite temperature in a semi-classical approximation. We
apply these theoretical results to the data obtained in our previous study of
the properties of the scissors mode of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate of
$^{87}$Rb atoms as a function of the temperature. The frequency shifts that we
measured show quenching of the moment of inertia of the Bose gas at
temperatures below the transition temperature - the system has a lower moment
of inertia that of a rigid body with the same mass distribution, because of
superfluidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179293 </DOCNO>
The general harmonic-oscillator brackets: compact expression,


  We present a very simple expression and a Fortran code for the fast and
precise calculation of three-dimensional harmonic-oscillator transformation
brackets. The complete system of symmetries for the brackets along with
analytical expressions for sums, containing products of two and three brackets,
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127768 </DOCNO>
H and K Band Methane Features in an L Dwarf, 2MASS 0920+35


  We have obtained near-infrared spectra of three L dwarfs discovered by 2MASS,
1506+13 (L3), 1507-16 (L5), and 0920+35 (L6.5). From the comparison of the H
and K band spectra of these L dwarfs, we have found the presence of methane
absorption in 0920+35. This implies that detectable methane absorption in the H
and K bands, usually considered the signature of a T dwarf, can be present in
objects classified optically as late L. Methane detection in L dwarfs is
consistent with the presence of a dust layer deep in the atmosphere as the
unified model of Tsuji suggests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41477 </DOCNO>
Study and suppression of anomalous fast events in inorganic


  The status of dark matter searches with inorganic scintillator detectors at
Boulby mine is reviewed and the results of tests with a CsI(Tl) crystal are
presented. The objectives of the latter experiment were to study anomalous fast
events previously observed and to identify ways to remove this background.
Clear indications were found that these events were due to surface
contamination of crystals by alphas, probably from radon decay. A new array of
unencapsulated NaI(Tl) crystals immersed either in liquid paraffin or pure
nitrogen atmosphere is under construction at Boulby. Such an approach allows
complete control of the surface of the crystals and the ability to remove any
surface contamination. First data from the unencapsulated NaI(Tl) do not show
the presence of anomalous fast events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74232 </DOCNO>
A light sterile neutrino based on the seesaw mechanism


  We propose a simple model of the neutrino mass matrix which can explain the
solar and atmospheric neutrino problems in a 3($\nu_L + \nu_R$) framework.
Assuming that only two right-handed neutrinos are heavy and a Dirac mass matrix
has a special texture, we construct a model with four light neutrinos. The
favorable structure of flavor mixings and mass eigenvalues required by those
neutrino deficits is realized as a result of the seesaw mechanism. Bi-maximal
mixing structure might be obtainable in this scheme. Since it contains a light
sterile neutrino, it has a chance to explain the LSND result successfully. We
consider an embedding of this scenario for the neutrino mass matrix into the
SU(5) grand unification scheme using the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism based on
$U(1)_{F_1} \times U(1)_{F_2}$. Both a small mixing angle MSW solution and a
large mixing angle MSW solution are obtained for the solar neutrino problem
depending on the charged lepton mass matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169547 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in a one-dimensional multibarrier potential of finite


  We have previously studied properties of a one-dimensional potential with $N$
equally spaced identical barriers in a (fixed) finite interval for both finite
and infinite $N$. It was observed that scattering and spectral properties
depend sensitively on the ratio $c$ of spacing to width of the barriers (even
in the limit $N \to \infty$). We compute here the specific heat of an ensemble
of such systems and show that there is critical dependence on this parameter,
as well as on the temperature, strongly suggestive of phase transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3312 </DOCNO>
Spin-polarized transport in inhomogeneous magnetic semiconductors:


  A theory of spin-polarized transport in inhomogeneous magnetic semiconductors
is developed and applied to magnetic/nonmagnetic p-n junctions. Several
phenomena with possible spintronic applications are predicted, including
spinvoltaic effect, spin valve effect, and giant magnetoresistance. It is
demonstrated that only nonequilibrium spin can be injected across the
space-charge region of a p-n junction, so that there is no spin injection (or
extraction) at low bias.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2952 </DOCNO>
Ginzburg-Landau Theory of Vortex Phase Diagram in Layered Type II


  Recent theoretical understanding of the vortex phase diagram in real layered
type II superconductors is briefly described in both cases with fields
perpendicular (B \parallel c) and parallel (B \perp c) to the superconducting
layers. The description is based on a high field approximation of the
Lawrence-Doniach model and on a vortex-glass ordering in each case. It is
argued that, generically, the familiar thermal first order transition at B_m(T)
occurs between the vortex liquid region and the so-called vortex slush region,
and that, in systems with stronger fluctuation, most of the thermal first order
line is covered by the first order melting of the Bragg-glass phase. Recent
observations in YBCO in B \parallel c of the vortex slush region and of the
lower critical point of B_m(T) are understood in this way. Based on the same
scenario, recent resistivity data in YBCO and BSCCO, suggestive of the phase
diagram in B \perp c, are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5090 </DOCNO>
Surface-dependent Coagulation Enzymes: Flow Kinetics of Factor Xa


  The initial surface reactions of the extrinsic coagulation pathway on live
cell membranes were examined under flow conditions. Generation of fXa
(activated coagulation factor X) was measured on spherical monolayers of
epithelial cells with a total surface area of 41-47 cm$^{2}$ expressing
TF(tissue factor) at $>25$ fmol/cm$^{2}$. Concentrations of reactants and
product were monitored as a function of time with radiolabeled proteins and a
chromogenic substrate at resolutions of 2-8 s. At physiological concentrations
of fVIIa and fX, the reaction rate was $3.05 \pm 0.75$ fmol fXa/s/cm$^{2}$,
independent of flux, and 10 times slower than that expected for
collision-limited reactions. Rates were also independent of surface fVIIa
concentrations within the range 0.6-25 fmol/cm$^{2}$. The transit time of fX
activated on the reaction chamber was prolonged relative to transit times of
nonreacting tracers or preformed fXa. Membrane reactions were modeled using a
set of nonlinear kinetic equations and a lagged normal density curve to track
the expected surface concentration of reactants for various hypothetical
reaction mechanisms. The experimental results were theoretically predicted only
when the models used a slow intermediate reaction step, consistent with surface
diffusion. These results provide evidence that the transfer of substrate within
the membrane is rate-limiting in the kinetic mechanisms leading to initiation
of blood coagulation by the tissue factor pathway.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86456 </DOCNO>
Inflation With Oscillations


  In this paper we investigate the general features of "Oscillatory Inflation".
In adiabatic approximation, we derive a general formula for the number of
e-foldings $\tilde{N}$ which reduces to the standard expression in case of the
slow role approximation and leads to the Damour-Mukhanov type expression for
the slowly varying adiabatic index. We apply our result to the logarithmic
potential and arrive at a simple and elegant formula for the number of
e-foldings. We evolve the field equations numerically and observe a remarkable
agreement with the analytical result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4872 </DOCNO>
Time Correlation Functions of Three Classical Heisenberg Spins on an


  We study the dynamics of three classical Heisenberg spins on a ring with two
different exchange couplings, including the three-spin chain. At arbitrary
temperature our exact results for the time correlation functions are expressed
as double integrals, and their Fourier transforms are expressed as single
integrals. At infinite temperature, these Fourier transforms are evaluated
exactly, leading to the exact long-time asymptotic behavior of the time
correlation functions. The translational symmetry breaking arising from two
couplings induces striking changes in the behaviors of the time correlation
functions from those of the equilateral triangle, and the topological
differences between a ring and a chain lead to profoundly different behaviors.
At low temperatures, the Fourier transforms of the two autocorrelation
functions show one and three magnon modes, respectively, for both exchange
coupling signs. One of these modes can be a central peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2695 </DOCNO>
Three-phase fractionation of polydisperse fluids


  It is shown that the van der Waals free-energy of polydisperse fluids, as
introduced previously (L. Bellier-Castella, H. Xu and M. Baus, {J. Chem. Phys.}
{113}, 8337 (2000)), predicts that for certain thermodynamic states (e.g. low
temperatures and large polydispersities) the ordinary two-phase coexistences
become metastable relative to a fractionation of the system into three phases,
reducing thereby the polydispersity of each of the coexisting phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179223 </DOCNO>
QRPA plus Phonon Coupling Model and the Photoabsorbtion Cross Section


  We have calculated the electric dipole strength distributions in the unstable
neutron rich oxygen isotopes $^{18,20,22}$O, in a model which include up to
four quasi-particle-type configurations. The model is the extension, to include
the effect of the pairing correlations, of a previous model very successful
around closed shell nuclei, and it is based on the quasi-particle-phonon
coupling. Low-lying dipole strength is found, which exhausts between 5 and 10%
of the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn (TRK) energy-weighted-sum-rule (EWSR) below 15 MeV
excitation energy, in rather good agreement with recent experimental data. The
role of the phonon coupling is shown to be crucial in order to obtain this
result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113379 </DOCNO>
Anomalous attenuation of extraordinary waves in the ionosphere heating


  Multiple scattering of radio waves by artificial random irregularities
HF-induced in the ionosphere F region may cause significant attenuation of both
ordinary and extraordinary waves together with common anomalous absorption of
ordinary waves due to their non-linear conversion into plasma waves. To
demonstrate existence and strength of this effect, direct measurements of
attenuation of both powerful pump wave and weak probing waves of extraordinary
polarization have been carried out during an experimental campaign on September
6, 7 and 9, 1999 at the Sura heating facility. The attenuation magnitude of
extraordinary waves reaches of 1-10 dB over a background attenuation caused by
natural irregularities. It is interpreted in the paper on the base of the
theory of multiple scattering from the artificial random irregularities with
characteristic scale lengths of 0.1-1 km. Simple procedure for determining of
irregularity spectrum parameters from the measured attenuation of extraordinary
waves has been implemented and some conclusions about the artificial
irregularity formation have been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179425 </DOCNO>
Doublet channel neutron-deuteron scattering in leading order effective


  The doublet channel neutron-deuteron scattering amplitude is calculated in
leading order effective field theory (EFT). It is shown that this amplitude
does not depend on a constant contact interaction three-body force.
Satisfactory agreement with available data is obtained when only two-body
forces are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128973 </DOCNO>
Antimatter as a probe for physical processes in the early Universe


  The whole set of astrophysical data indicates that our Universe is globally
baryon asymmetrical. Nevertheless a possibility of existence of relatively
small amount of sufficiently large antimatter regions is not excluded. Such
regions can survive the annihilation with surrounding matter only in the case
if their sizes exceed a certain scale. It is shown that quantum fluctuations of
a complex scalar field caused by inflation can generate large antimatter
domains progenitors, which contribute insignificantly to the total volume of
the Universe. The resulting distribution and evolution of such antimatter
regions could cause every galaxy to be a harbour of an anti--star globular
cluster. The existence of one of such anti -- star globular cluster in our
Galaxy, does not contradict the observed $\gamma$ -- ray background, but the
expected fluxes of $\bar{^4He}$ and $\bar{^3He}$ from such an antimatter object
can be searched for in PAMELA experiment and are definitely accessible for the
sensitivity of coming AMS02 experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126337 </DOCNO>
The contribution of galaxies to the UV ionising background and the


  We have modelled the evolution of the number of Ly_alpha absorbers with
redshift, resulting from the evolution of the ionising background and the
Hubble expansion. The contribution of quasars (QSOs) and galaxies to the
HI-ionising UV background has been estimated. The QSOs emissivity is derived
from recent fits of their luminosity function. The galaxy emissivity is
computed using a stellar population synthesis model, with a star-formation
history scaled on observations of faint galaxies at lambda <= 1500 A. We allow
for three values of the fraction of ionising photons that can escape the
interstellar medium, f_esc=0.05, 0.1 and 0.4. The Intergalactic Medium is
modelled as made of purely-absorbing clouds with the distribution in redshift
and column density obtained from QSOs absorption lines. For the adopted values
of f_esc, the contribution of galaxies to the ionising UV background is
comparable or greater than that of QSOs. Accounting for the contribution of
clouds to the UV emission, all models with f_esc <~ 0.1 provide an ionising
flux compatible with local and high-z determination, including those with a
pure QSOs background. The observed z ~ 1 break in the evolution can be better
explained by a dominant contribution from galaxies. We find that models in
Lambda-cosmology with Omega_matter=0.3, Omega_Lambda=0.7 describe the flat
absorbers evolution for z <~ 1.0 better than models for Omega_matter=1.0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76245 </DOCNO>
The effect of atmospheric attenuation on inclined cosmic ray air showers


  The increasing cosmic ray statistics collected by present experiments and the
future prospects with new large arrays demand accurate calculations of the
extensive air shower parameters. The energy of the primary particle is
estimated by ground arrays fitting a lateral distribution function (LDF) to the
particle densities at a given observing level. However, the lack of appropriate
parameterization for these distributions, able to reproduce the data collected
from all arrival directions, makes it difficult the experimental analysis.
Starting from analytical LDF for vertical showers we study the atmospheric
depth dependence of the shower parameters, which is necessary to obtain the
corresponding particle density distributions for inclined showers. In our
approach both geometrical and atmospheric attenuation effects producing a
lateral asymmetry in non-vertical showers are included. The resulting electron
and muon LDF fit very well the Monte Carlo simulated data at all zenith angles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114077 </DOCNO>
The nuclear Schiff moment and time invariance violation in atoms


  Parity and time invariance violating (P,T-odd) nuclear forces produce P,T-odd
nuclear moments. In turn, these moments can induce electric dipole moments
(EDMs) in atoms through the mixing of electron wavefunctions of opposite
parity. The nuclear EDM is screened by atomic electrons. The EDM of an atom
with closed electron subshells is induced by the nuclear Schiff moment.
Previously the interaction with the Schiff moment has been defined for a
point-like nucleus. No problems arise with the calculation of the electron
matrix element of this interaction as long as the electrons are considered to
be non-relativistic. However, a more realistic model obviously involves a
nucleus of finite-size and relativistic electrons. In this work we have
calculated the finite nuclear-size and relativistic corrections to the Schiff
moment. The relativistic corrections originate from the electron wavefunctions
and are incorporated into a ``nuclear'' moment, which we term the local dipole
moment. For mercury these corrections amount to about 25%. We have found that
the natural generalization of the electrostatic potential of the Schiff moment
for a finite-size nucleus corresponds to an electric field distribution which,
inside the nucleus, is well approximated as constant and directed along the
nuclear spin, and outside the nucleus is zero. Also in this work the plutonium
atomic EDM is estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127674 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Aspects of Stellar Coronae


  Coronae express different facets of their energy release processes in
different wavelength regions. While soft X-ray and EUV emission dominates the
radiative losses of the thermal plasma, hard X-ray emission (>10 keV) can be
produced from non-thermal high-energy particles accelerated as a consequence of
flare processes, and radio emission is often emitted from mildly relativistic
electrons trapped in magnetic fields. Combined measurements of all emissions
are important to understand the ultimate mechanisms responsible for coronal
energy release and heating. This presentation will summarize a number of
aspects for which multi-wavelength studies are important, both for quiescent
and flare emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81071 </DOCNO>
O(a)-improved quark action on anisotropic lattices and perturbative


  We investigate the Symanzik improvement of the Wilson quark action on
anisotropic lattices. Taking first a general action with nearest-neighbor and
clover interactions, we study the mass dependence of the ratio of the hopping
parameters, the clover coefficients, and an improvement coefficient for
heavy-light vector and axial vector currents. We show how tree-level
improvement can be achieved. For a particular choice of the spatial Wilson
coupling, the results simplify, and $O(m_0a_\tau)$ improvement is possible.
(Here $m_0$ is the bare quark mass and $a_\tau$ the temporal lattice spacing.)
With this choice we calculate the renormalization factors of heavy-light
bilinear operators at one-loop order of perturbation theory employing the
standard plaquette gauge action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75065 </DOCNO>
Quark Model study of the NN*(1440) components on the deuteron


  We present a calculation of the deuteron wave function including $NN$,
$\Delta\Delta$, and $NN^*$(1440) channels. All the transition potentials, as
well as the direct $NN$ potential, have been obtained from the same underlying
quark model using standard techniques available in the literature. The
calculated weights for the different channels are in agreement with previous
theoretical estimations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81209 </DOCNO>
Spectrum Results with Kogut-Susskind Quarks


  I summarize recent developments in spectrum calculations using Kogut-Susskind
quarks. Theoretical developments include one-loop computations with improved
actions. I present some recent simulation results, mostly from a MILC
collaboration project using three flavors. Effects of dynamical quarks are
clearly seen in the isovector 0++ meson propagator and in the mass ratio ``J''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2922 </DOCNO>
Complex dislocation dynamics in ice: experiments


  We present a statistical analysis of the acoustic emissions induced by
dislocation motion during the creep of ice single crystals. The recorded
acoustic waves provide an indirect measure of the inelastic energy dissipated
during dislocation motion. Compression and torsion creep experiments indicate
that viscoplastic deformation, even in the steady-state (secondary creep), is a
complex and inhomogeneous process characterized by avalanches in the motion of
dislocations. The distribution of avalanche sizes, identified with the acoustic
wave amplitude (or the acoustic wave energy), is found to follow a power law
with a cutoff at large amplitudes which depends on the creep stage (primary,
secondary, tertiary). These results suggest that viscoplastic deformation in
ice and possibly in other materials could be described in the framework of
non-equilibrium critical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125513 </DOCNO>
Excess Hard X-ray Emission from the Obscured Low Luminosity AGN In the


  We observed the nearby galaxy M~51 (NGC 5194) with BeppoSAX. The X-ray
properties of the nucleus below 10 keV are almost the same as the ASCA results
regarding the hard component and the neutral Fe K$\alpha$ line, but the
intensity is about half of the ASCA 1993 data. Beyond this, in the BeppoSAX PDS
data, we detected a bright hard X-ray emission component which dominates above
10 keV. The 10 -- 100 keV flux and luminosity of this component are
respectively $2\times10^{-11}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ and $2\times10^{41}$ erg
s$^{-1}$. These are about 10 times higher than the extrapolation from the soft
X-ray band, and similar to the flux observed with Ginga, which found a bright
power law component in 2 -- 20 keV band. Considering other wavelength
properties and the X-ray luminosity, together with strong neutral Fe K line,
the hard X-ray emission most likely arises from a low luminosity active
nucleus, which is obscured with a column density of $\sim10^{24}$cm$^{-2}$.
This suggests that hidden low luminosity AGNs may well be present in other
nearby galaxies. We interpret the discrepancy between Ginga and other X-ray
satellites to be due to a large variability of absorption column density toward
the line of sight over several years, suggesting that the Compton thick
absorption material may be present on a spatial scale of a parsec. Apart from
the nucleus, several ultra-luminous off-nuclear X-ray sources detected in M~51
exhibit long-term time variability, suggesting the state transition similar to
that observed in Galactic black hole candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98366 </DOCNO>
An algorithm to generate exactly once every tiling with lozenges of a


  We first show that the tilings of a general domain form a lattice which we
then undertake to decompose and generate without any redundance. To this end,
we study extensively the relatively simple case of hexagons and their
deformations. We show that general domains can be broken up into hexagon-like
parts. Finally we give an algorithm to generate exactly once every element in
the lattice of the tilings of a general domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126035 </DOCNO>
Distribution of baryonic and non-baryonic matter in clusters of galaxies


  We present the analysis of baryonic and non-baryonic matter distributions in
a sample of eleven nearby clusters (0.03<z<0.09) with temperatures between 4.4
and 9.4 keV. These galaxy clusters have been studied in detail using X-ray data
and global physical properties have been determined. Correlations between these
quantities have been analysed and compared with the results for distant
clusters. We found an interesting dependence between the relative gas extent
(expressed as the ratio of gas mass fractions at different radii) and the total
cluster mass. The extent of the gas relative to the extent of the dark matter
tends to be larger in less massive clusters. This dependence might give us some
hints about non-gravitational processes in clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86327 </DOCNO>
On naked singularities in higher dimensional Vaidya space-times


  We investigate the end state of gravitational collapse of null fluid in
higher dimensional space-times. Both naked singularities and black holes are
shown to be developing as final outcome of the collapse. The naked singularity
spectrum in collapsing Vaidya region (4D) gets covered with increase in
dimensions and hence higher dimensions favor black hole in comparison to naked
singularity. The Cosmic Censorship Conjecture will be fully respected for a
space of infinite dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40842 </DOCNO>
Search for heavy particles decaying into electron-positron pairs in


  We present results of searches for technirho, techniomega, and Z' particles,
using the decay channels technirho, techniomega, Z' -> e+e-. The search is
based on 124.8 pb-1 of data collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab
Tevatron during 1992-1996. In the absence of a signal, we set 95% C.L. upper
limits on the cross sections for the processes p pbar -> technirho,
techniomega, Z' -> e+e- as a function of the mass of the decaying particle. For
certain model parameters, we exclude the existence of degenerate technirho and
techniomega states with masses below about 200 GeV. We exclude a Z' with mass
below 670 GeV, assuming that it has the same couplings to fermions as the Z
boson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98669 </DOCNO>
Contractible classes in toric varieties


  Let X be a smooth, complete, toric variety. We study those curves C in X that
are contractible, in the sense that there exists an equivariant morphism with
connected fibers, with source X, that contracts exactly the irreducible curves
that are numerically equivalent to a multiple of C. When X is projective, we
compare contractible and extremal curves, and we show that every curve in X is
numerically equivalent to a linear combination with positive integral
coefficients of contractible curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149416 </DOCNO>
D-Brane Scattering of N=2 Strings


  The amplitudes for emission and scattering of N=2 strings off D-branes are
calculated. We consider in detail the amplitudes <cc> and <occ> for the
different types of D-branes. For some D-branes we find massive poles in the
scattering spectrum that are absent in the ordinary N=2 spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3438 </DOCNO>
Particle-Hole Symmetry and the Effect of Disorder on the Mott-Hubbard


  Recent experiments have emphasized that our understanding of the interplay of
electron correlations and randomness in solids is still incomplete. We address
this important issue and demonstrate that particle-hole (ph) symmetry plays a
crucial role in determining the effects of disorder on the transport and
thermodynamic properties of the half-filled Hubbard Hamiltonian. We show that
the low-temperature conductivity decreases with increasing disorder when
ph-symmetry is preserved, and shows the opposite behavior, i.e. conductivity
increases with increasing disorder, when ph-symmetry is broken. The Mott
insulating gap is insensitive to weak disorder when there is ph-symmetry,
whereas in its absence the gap diminishes with increasing disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149534 </DOCNO>
Gravitino condensation in fivebrane backgrounds


  We calculate the tension of the D3-brane in the fivebrane background which is
described by the exactly solvable SU(2)_k x U(1) world-sheet conformal field
theory with large Kac-Moody level k. The D3-brane tension is extracted from the
amplitude of one closed string exchange between two parallel D3-branes, and the
amplitude is calculated by utilizing the open-closed string duality. The
tension of the D3-brane in the background does not coincide with the one in the
flat space-time even in the flat space-time limit: k -> infinity. The finite
curvature effect should vanish in the flat space-time limit and only the
topological effect can remain. Therefore, the deviation indicates the
condensation of gravitino and/or dilatino which has been expected in the
fivebrane background as a gravitational instanton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114393 </DOCNO>
What are the Controls Requirements for the Global Accelerator Network?


  The Global Accelerator Network is a proposed model for remote operation of a
future large accelerator by the partners of an international collaboration. The
remote functionality would include not only routine operation and machine
studies, but also hardware diagnostic tests and software maintenance and
development, so the control system must offer both high and low level remote
access to the accelerator and its components. We discuss in this paper some of
the special requirements, and how they might be satisfied using current or
developing technology, such as web-based applications and industrial automation
standards. The choices made must be acceptable to the collaboration, but will
also have a strong influence on its effectiveness. The biggest technical
challenge is likely to be the middle layer software which is responsible for
system integration, automation, and presentation of the machine state to the
operating staff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86026 </DOCNO>
Locally Anisotropic Wormholes and Flux Tubes in 5D Gravity


  In this article we examine a class of wormhole and flux tube like solutions
to 5D vacuum Einstein equations. These solutions possess generic local
anisotropy, and their local isotropic limit is shown to be conformally
equivalent to the spherically symmetric 5D solutions of gr-qc/9807086. The
anisotropic solutions investigated here have two physically distinct
signatures: First, they can give rise to angular-dependent, anisotropic
``electromagnetic'' interactions. Second, they can result in a gravitational
running of the ``electric'' and ``magnetic'' charges of the solutions. This
gravitational running of the electromagnetic charges is linear rather than
logarithmic, and could thus serve as an indirect signal for the presence of
higher dimensions. The local anisotropy of these solutions is modeled using the
technique of anholonomic frames with respect to which the metrics are
diagonalized. If holonomic coordinates frames were used then such metrics would
have off-diagonal components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7155 </DOCNO>
Statistical Origin of Quantum Mechanics


  The one particle quantum mechanics is considered in the frame of a N-body
classical kinetics in the phase space. Within this framework, the scenario of a
subquantum structure for the quantum particle, emerges naturally, providing an
ontological support to the orthodox quantum mechanics. This approach to quantum
mechanics, constitutes a deductive and direct method which, in a
self-consistent scheme of a classical kinetics, allows us: i) to obtain the
probabilistic nature of the quantum description and to interpret the wave
function $\psi$ according to the Copenhagen school; ii) to derive the quantum
potential and then the Schr\"odinger equation; iii) to calculate the values of
the physical observables as mean values of the associated quantum operators;
iv) to obtain the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3100 </DOCNO>
First Passage Time Distribution for Anomalous Diffusion


  We study the first passage time (FPT) problem in Levy type of anomalous
diffusion. Using the recently formulated fractional Fokker-Planck equation, we
obtain an analytic expression for the FPT distribution which, in the large
passage time limit, is characterized by a universal power law. Contrasting this
power law with the asymptotic FPT distribution from another type of anomalous
diffusion exemplified by the fractional Brownian motion, we show that the two
types of anomalous diffusions give rise to two distinct scaling behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75146 </DOCNO>
On a clean determination of $\phi_2$


  We point out that time dependent study of four decay modes $B^0(t)\to \Dbar
K_S$, $B^0(t)\to D K_S$ $\Bbar^0(t)\to \Dbar K_S$, and $\Bbar^0(t)\to D K_S$
allows us to measure $\sin(\phi_1-\phi_2)$ - contrary to previously obtained
result that it measures $\sin(2\phi_1+\phi_3)$. The time dependent study of
$B_s^0(t)\to D^\pm_sK^\mp$, and the study of $B^-\to K^-(D,\Dbar)\to K^-f$
decay where $D\to f$ is a doubly Cabibbo suppressed decay yield information on
$\phi_3$, as previusly expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169337 </DOCNO>
Quantum Structures: An Attempt to Explain the Origin of their Appearance


  We explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a
real change of state of the entity under influence of the measurement and, (b)
a lack of knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement
process. We present a quantum machine, where we can illustrate in a simple way
how the quantum structure arises as a consequence of the two mentioned effects.
We introduce a parameter epsilon that measures the size of the lack of
knowledge on the measurement process, and by varying this parameter, we
describe a continuous evolution from a quantum structure (maximal lack of
knowledge) to a classical structure (zero lack of knowledge). We show that for
intermediate values of epsilon we find a new type of structure, that is neither
quantum nor classical. We apply the model that we have introduced to situations
of lack of knowledge about the measurement process appearing in other regions
of reality. More specifically we investigate the quantum-like structures that
appear in the situation of psychological decision processes, where the subject
is influenced during the testing, and forms some of his opinions during the
testing process. Our conclusion is that in the light of this explanation, the
quantum probabilities are epistemic and not ontological, which means that
quantum mechanics is compatible with a determinism of the whole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126622 </DOCNO>
Soft Cores in Late-Type Dwarf and LSB Galaxies from H\alpha Observations


  We present high spatial resolution H\alpha rotation curves of late-type dwarf
and LSB galaxies. From our analysis we find good agreement between our H\alpha
data and the HI observations taken from the literature, concluding that the HI
rotation curves for these galaxies suffer very little from beam smearing. A
preliminary analysis of our data rules out the CDM model in the inner regions
of these galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2252 </DOCNO>
Spectral Representation Theory for Dielectric Behavior of Nonspherical


  Recent experiments revealed that the dielectric dispersion spectrum of
fission yeast cells in a suspension was mainly composed of two sub-dispersions.
The low-frequency sub-dispersion depended on the cell length, while the
high-frequency one was independent of it. The cell shape effect was simulated
by an ellipsoidal cell model but the comparison between theory and experiment
was far from being satisfactory. Prompted by the discrepancy, we proposed the
use of spectral representation to analyze more realistic cell models. We
adopted a shell-spheroidal model to analyze the effects of the cell membrane.
It is found that the dielectric property of the cell membrane has only a minor
effect on the dispersion magnitude ratio and the characteristic frequency
ratio. We further included the effect of rotation of dipole induced by an
external electric field, and solved the dipole-rotation spheroidal model in the
spectral representation. Good agreement between theory and experiment has been
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73754 </DOCNO>
Can the Zee Model Explain the Observed Neutrino Data?


  The eigenvalues and mixing angles in the Zee model are investigated
parameter-independently. When we require |\Delta m^2_{12}/\Delta m^2_{23}| \ll
1 in order to understand the solar and atmospheric data simultaneously, the
only solution is one which gives bi-maximal mixing. It is pointed out that the
observed values \sin^2 2\theta_{solar} \simeq 0.66 in the MSW LMA solution
cannot be explained within the framework of the Zee model, because we derive a
severe constraint on the value of \sin^2 2 \theta_{solar}, \sin^2 2
\theta_{solar} \geq 1 -(1/16)(\Delta m^2_{solar}/\Delta m^2_{atm})^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1835 </DOCNO>
Finite Energy Sum Rules in Potential Scattering


  We study scattering theory identities previously obtained as consistency
conditions in the context of one-loop quantum field theory calculations. We
prove the identities using Jost function techniques and study applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113383 </DOCNO>
Existence Proof of nonThermal Vacuum Radiation from Acceleration


  A proof is developed from first principles, independent of general relativity
and of thermodynamics, that there exists a threshold acceleration above which
radiation (real particle creation) from the vacuum must occur. The radiation is
not expected to follow a Planckian distribution.
  PACS Codes: 03.65.Bz 04.70.-s 26.35.+c

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125953 </DOCNO>
Determination of Magnetic Fields in the Winds from Hot Stars Using the


  Resonance lines that are sensitive to the Hanle effect are prominent in the
UV spectra of early-type stars. To understand the differences from the solar
application of the Hanle effect, we focus on the formation of P-Cygni lines
both as a scattering process, and as one that allows a spectral isolation of
sectors in the wind. Some complications occuring in the solar case are found to
be absent for the Hanle effect for hot stars. Rocket observations from the Far
Ultraviolet SpectroPolarimeter (FUSP) experiment should allow for a
determination of fields in the dynamically interesting range from 1 to 300
Gauss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179289 </DOCNO>
Properties of Dense Strange Hadronic Matter with Quark Degrees of


  The properties of strange hadronic matter are studied in the context of the
modified quark-meson coupling model using two substantially different sets of
hyperon-hyperon ($YY$) interactions. The first set is based on the Nijmegen
hard core potential model D with slightly attractive $YY$ interactions. The
second potential set is based on the recent SU(3) extension of the Nijmegen
soft-core potential NSC97 with strongly attractive $YY$ interactions which may
allow for deeply bound hypernuclear matter. The results show that, for the
first potential set, the $\Sigma$ hyperon does not appear at all in the bulk at
any baryon density and for all strangeness fractions. The binding energy curves
of the resulting $N\Lambda\Xi$ system vary smoothly with density and the system
is stable (or metastable if we include the weak force). However, the situation
is drastically changed when using the second set where the $\Sigma$ hyperons
appear in the system at large baryon densities above a critical strangeness
fraction. We find strange hadronic matter undergoes a first order phase
transition from a $N\Lambda\Xi$ system to a $N\Sigma\Xi$ for strangeness
fractions $f_S>1.2$ and baryonic densities exceeding twice ordinary nuclear
matter density. Furthermore, it is found that the system built of $N\Sigma\Xi$
is deeply bound. This phase transition affects significantly the equation of
state which becomes much softer and a substantial drop in energy density and
pressure are detected as the phase transition takes place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74402 </DOCNO>
Deconstructing Gaugino Mediation


  We present a model of supersymmetry breaking which produces gaugino masses
and negligible scalar masses at a high scale. The model is inspired by
``deconstructing'' or ``latticizing'' models in extra dimensions where
supersymmetry breaking and visible matter are spatially separated. We find a
simple four-dimensional model which only requires two lattice sites (or gauge
groups) to reproduce the phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149767 </DOCNO>
Inflation and the dS/CFT Correspondence


  It is speculated that the observed universe has a dual representation as
renormalization group flow between two conformal fixed points of a
three-dimensional Euclidean field theory. The infrared fixed point corresponds
to the inflationary phase in the far past. The ultraviolet fixed point
corresponds to a de Sitter phase dominated by the cosmological constant
indicated in recent astronomical data. The monotonic decrease of the Hubble
parameter corresponds to the irreversibility of renormalization group flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97212 </DOCNO>
Framed discs operads and the equivariant recognition principle


  The framed n-discs operad fD_n is studied as semidirect product of SO(n) and
the little n-discs operad. Our equivariant recognition principle says that a
grouplike space acted on by fD_n is equivalent to the n-fold loop space on a
SO(n)-space. Examples of fD_2-spaces are nerves of ribbon braided monoidal
categories. We compute the rational homology of fD_n. Koszul duality for
semidirect product operads of chain complexes is defined and applied to compute
the double loop space homology as BV-algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179188 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Dirac and microscopic Schrodinger optical model potentials


  Detailed comparisons are made between results of calculations for
intermediate energy nucleon--208Pb scattering using optical potentials obtained
from Dirac phenomenology and a microscopic Schrodinger model. The two
approaches yield quite similar results for all of the observables with each
projectile, including spin observables, suggesting the two models are
physically equivalent. A new phenomenon in the analyzing power is confirmed in
the results for 100 MeV scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41218 </DOCNO>
Hints of Higgs Boson Production at LEP


  An excess of signal-like events above the expected background, corresponding
to approximately three standard deviations, was observed in the search for the
standard model Higgs boson at LEP in 2000. This excess is consistent with the
existence of a 115GeV/c2 Higgs particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7259 </DOCNO>
Exact Diagonalization of the Fractional Quantum Hall Many-Body


  For a gaussian interaction V(x,y)=\lambda e^{-(x^2+y^2)/r^2} with long range
r>>l_B, l_B the magnetic length, we rigorously prove that the eigenvalues of
the finite volume Hamiltonian H_{N,LL}=P_{LL} H_N P_{LL}, H_N=\sum_{i=1}^N
[-i\hbar \nabla_{x_i}-eA(x_i)]^2+\sum_{i,j; i\ne j} V(x_i-x_j), \rotA=(0,0,B),
and P_{LL} the projection onto the lowest Landau level, are given by the
following set: Let M be the number of flux quanta flowing through the sample
such that \nu=N/M is the filling factor. Then each eigenvalue is given by
E=E(n_1,...,n_N)=\sum_{i,j=1;i\ne j}^N W(n_i-n_j). Here n_i\in {1,2,...,M},
n_1<...<n_N and the function W is given by W(n)=\lambda \sum_{j\in Z}
e^{-{1/r^2}(L{n/M}-jL)^2} if the system is kept in a volume [0,L]^2. The
eigenstates are also explicitely given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3516 </DOCNO>
Resonant mode interactions in nonlinear lattices


  Resonant mode interactions in weakly nonlinear multi-dimensional lattices and
related effects are described. We concentrate on formal description of the
phenomenon and consider as examples mode interactions and evolution equations
for quadratic solitons in two-dimensional lattices, and coherent structures in
a double-chain as examples of the application of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76969 </DOCNO>
Strangeness, Equilibration, Hadronization


  In these remarks I explain the motivation which leads us to consider chemical
nonequilibrium processes in flavor equilibration and in statistical
hadroniziation of quark--gluon plasma (QGP). Statistical hadronization allowing
for chemical non-equilibrium is introduced. The reesults of fits to
 RHIC-130 results, including multistrange hadrons, are shown to agree only with
the model of an exploding QGP fireball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75523 </DOCNO>
Nonrelativistic spin 1/2 particle in an arbitrary non-Abelian magnetic


  The (group and spin space) matrix Hamiltonian describing the dynamics of a
nonrelativistic spin 1/2 particle moving in a static, but spatially dependent,
non-Abelian magnetic field in two spatial dimensions is shown to take the form
of an anticommutator of a nilpotent operator and its hermitian conjugate.
Consequently, the (group space) matrix Hamiltonians for the two different spin
projections form partners of a supersymmetric quantum mechanical system. The
resulting supersymmetry algebra is exploited to explicitly construct the exact
zero energy ground state wavefunction(s) for the system. The remaining
eigenstates and eigenvalues of the two partner Hamiltonians form positive
energy degenerate pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123478 </DOCNO>
PICsIM - the INTEGRAL/IBIS/PICsIT Observation Simulation Tool for


  The INTEGRAL satellite is an observatory-class gamma-ray telescope due for
launch in early 2002. It comprises two main instruments, one optimised for
imaging (IBIS) and the other for spectroscopy (SPI). The PICsIT telescope is
the high energy (150 keV - 10 MeV) plane of the IBIS imager and consists of 8
individual modules of 512 detection elements. The modules are arranged in a 4 x
2 pattern, while the pixels are in a 16 x 32 array. This layout, which includes
a dead area equivalent to one pixel width between each module, together with
the event selection procedure, which (in standard mode) does not allow the
identification of coincidences between separate modules, leads to a
non-uniformity of the background which is significantly different for
single-site events and for multiple energy deposits. Other sources of
background variations range from the separate low energy detector, situated
immediately above the PICsIT plane, to the large mass of the SPI telescope at a
short distance to one side. The algorithms for performing all the imaging and
spectral deconvolution for PICsIT are currently being produced for delivery to
the INTEGRAL Science Data Centre. In order to maximise the information which
may be extracted from the PICsIT data, we have designed a prototyping
environment which consists of a GUI to a highly structured and modular set of
procedures which allows the easy simulation of observations from the data
collection phase through to the final image production and analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148249 </DOCNO>
String and D-brane Physics at Low Energy


  1. Preliminaries.
  2. Heterotic string and motivations for large volume compactifications;
    2.1 Gauge coupling unification; 2.2 Supersymmetry breaking
by compactification.
  3. M-theory on S^1/Z_2 \times Calabi-Yau.
  4. Type I/I' string theory and D-branes;
    4.1 Low-scale strings and extra-large transverse dimensions; 4.2 Relation
type I/I' -- heterotic.
  5. Type II theories;
    5.1 Low-scale IIA strings and tiny coupling; 5.2 Large dimensions in type
IIB; 5.3 Relation type II -- heterotic.
  6. Theoretical implications;
    6.1 U.V./I.R. correspondence; 6.2 Unification ; 6.3 Supersymmetry breaking
and scales hierarchy ; 6.4 Electroweak symmetry breaking in TeV-scale strings.
  7. Scenarios for studies of experimental constraints.
  8. Extra-dimensions along the world brane: KK excitations of gauge bosons;
    8.1 Production at hadron colliders; 8.2 High precision data low-energy
bounds; 8.3 One extra dimension for other cases; 8.4 More than one extra
dimension.
  9. Extra-dimensions transverse to the brane world: KK excitations of
gravitons;
    9.1 Signals from missing energy experiments; 9.2 Gravity modification and
sub-millimeter forces.
  10. Dimension-eight operators and limits on the string scale.
  11. D-brane Standard Model;
    11.1 Hypercharge embedding and the weak angle; 11.2 The fate of U(1)'s and
proton stability.
  12. Appendix: Supersymmetry breaking in type I strings;
    12.1 Scherk-Schwarz deformations; 12.2 Brane supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3628 </DOCNO>
Critical points in edge tunneling between generic FQH states


  A general description of weak and strong tunneling fixed points is developed
in the chiral-Luttinger-liquid model of quantum Hall edge states. Tunneling
fixed points are a subset of `termination' fixed points, which describe
boundary conditions on a multicomponent edge. The requirement of unitary time
evolution at the boundary gives a nontrivial consistency condition for possible
low-energy boundary conditions. The effect of interactions and random hopping
on fixed points is studied through a perturbative RG approach which generalizes
the Giamarchi-Schulz RG for disordered Luttinger liquids to broken left-right
symmetry and multiple modes. The allowed termination points of a multicomponent
edge are classified by a B-matrix with rational matrix elements. We apply our
approach to a number of examples, such as tunneling between a quantum Hall edge
and a superconductor and tunneling between two quantum Hall edges in the
presence of interactions. Interactions are shown to induce a continuous
renormalization of effective tunneling charge for the integrable case of
tunneling between two Laughlin states. The correlation functions of
electronlike operators across a junction are found from the B matrix using a
simple image-charge description, along with the induced lattice of boundary
operators. Many of the results obtained are also relevant to ordinary Luttinger
liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5876 </DOCNO>
Generalized thermostatistics and Kolmogorov-Nagumo averages


  We introduce a generalized thermostatistics based on Kolmogorov-Nagumo
averages and appropriately selected information measures. The formalism
includes Tsallis non-extensive thermostatistics, but also extensive
thermostatistics based on Renyi entropy. The Curie-Weiss model is discussed as
an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41503 </DOCNO>
Jets in deep-inelastic scattering at HERA


  Jet cross sections in deep-inelastic scattering over a wide region of phase
space have been measured at HERA. These cross section measurements provide a
thorough test of the implementation of Quantum Chromodynamics in
next-to-leading order (NLO) calculations. They also provide the opportunity to
test the consistency of the gluon distribution in the proton as extracted from
(mainly) inclusive DIS measurements. Comparison of the cross sections with NLO
enables accurate extractions of the strong coupling constant, $\alpha_s$, to be
made, several of which are reported here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150020 </DOCNO>
Boundary Poisson structure and quantization


  A new approach for treating boundary Poisson structures based on causality
and locality analysis is proposed for a single scalar field with boundary
interaction. For the case of linear boundary condition, it is shown that the
usual canonical quantization can be applied systematically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3690 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Novel Convective Instabilities in a Magnetic Fluid"


  Comment on the paper "Novel Convective Instabilities in a Magnetic Fluid" by
W. Luo, T. Du, and J. Huang, Phys. Rev. Lett., v.82, p.4134 (1999).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3056 </DOCNO>
Expectation bubbles in a spin model of markets: Intermittency from


  A simple spin model is studied, motivated by the dynamics of traders in a
market where expectation bubbles and crashes occur. The dynamics is governed by
interactions which are frustrated across different scales: While ferromagnetic
couplings connect each spin to its local neighborhood, an additional coupling
relates each spin to the global magnetization. This new coupling is allowed to
be anti-ferromagnetic. The resulting frustration causes a metastable dynamics
with intermittency and phases of chaotic dynamics. The model reproduces main
observations of real economic markets as power-law distributed returns and
clustered volatility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5026 </DOCNO>
Co-Evolution of quasispecies: B-cell mutation rates maximize viral error


  Co-evolution of two coupled quasispecies is studied, motivated by the
competition between viral evolution and adapting immune response. In this
co-adaptive model, besides the classical error catastrophe for high virus
mutation rates, a second ``adaptation-'' catastrophe occurs, when virus
mutation rates are too small to escape immune attack. Maximizing both regimes
of viral error catastrophes is a possible strategy for an optimal immune
response, reducing the range of allowed viral mutation rates to a minimum. From
this requirement one obtains constraints on B-cell mutation rates and receptor
lengths, yielding an estimate of somatic hypermutation rates in the germinal
center in accordance with observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76221 </DOCNO>
Regularized Green's Function for the Inverse Square Potential


  A Green's function approach is presented for the D-dimensional inverse square
potential in quantum mechanics. This approach is implemented by the
introduction of hyperspherical coordinates and the use of a real-space
regulator in the regularized version of the model. The application of
Sturm-Liouville theory yields a closed expression for the radial energy Green's
function. Finally, the equivalence with a recent path-integral treatment of the
same problem is explicitly shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168896 </DOCNO>
Imbedding nonlocality in a relativistic chronology


  An alternative description imbedding nonlocality in a relativistic chronology
is proposed. It is argued that vindication of Quantum Mechanics in forthcoming
experiments with moving beam-splitters would mean that there is no real time
ordering behind the nonlocal correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124992 </DOCNO>
SX Phoenicis Stars in the Core of 47 Tucanae


  We present new results on five of six known SX Phoenicis stars in the core of
the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. We give interpretations of the light curves in
the V and I bands from 8.3 days of observations with the Hubble Space Telescope
near the core of 47 Tuc. The most evolved SX Phe star in the cluster is a
double-mode pulsator (V2) and we determine its mass to be 1.54+/-0.05 solar
masses from its position in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and by comparing
observed periods with current theoretical pulsation models. For V14 we do not
detect any pulsation signal. For the double-mode pulsators V3, V15, and V16 we
cannot give a safe identification of the modes. We also describe the
photometric techniques we have used to extract the light curves of stars in the
crowded core. Some of the SX Phoenicis are saturated and we demonstrate that
even for stars that show signs of a bleeding signal we can obtain a
point-to-point accuracy of 1-3%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99204 </DOCNO>
Additivity properties of topological diagonalizations


  In a work of Just, Miller, Scheepers and Szeptycki it was asked whether
certain diagonalization properties for sequences of open covers are provably
closed under taking finite or countable unions. In a recent work, Scheepers
proved that one of the classes in question is closed under taking countable
unions. In this paper we show that none of the remaining classes is provably
closed under taking finite unions, and thus settle the problem. We also show
that one of these properties is consistently (but not provably) closed under
taking unions of size less than the continuum, by relating a combinatorial
version of this problem to the Near Coherence of Filters (NCF) axiom, which
asserts that the Rudin-Keisler ordering is downward directed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125570 </DOCNO>
How accurately can the SZ effect measure peculiar cluster velocities and


  The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect is a powerful tool for cosmology that can be
used to measure the radial peculiar velocities of galaxy clusters, and thus to
test, and constrain, theories of structure formation and evolution. This
requires, in principle, an accurate measurement of the effect, a good
separation between the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich components, and a good understanding
of the sources contributing to the signal and their effect on the measured
velocity. In this study, we evaluate the error in the individual radial
peculiar velocities determined with Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements. We
estimate, for three cosmological models, the errors induced by the major
contributing signals (primary Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies,
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect due to the background cluster population, residuals
from component separation and instrumental noise). We generalise our results to
estimate the error in the bulk velocity on large scales. In this context, we
investigate the limitation due to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich source (or spatial)
confusion in a Planck-like instrumental configuration. Finally, we propose a
strategy based on the future all-sky Sunyaev-Zel'dovich survey, that will be
provided by the Planck mission, to measure accurately the bulk velocities on
large scales up to redshift 1, or more.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169125 </DOCNO>
Decoherence of geometric phase gates


  We consider the effects of certain forms of decoherence applied to both
adiabatic and non-adiabatic geometric phase quantum gates. For a single qubit
we illustrate path-dependent sensitivity to anisotropic noise and for two
qubits we quantify the loss of entanglement as a function of decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150270 </DOCNO>
The Boundary State Formalism and Conformal Invariance in Off-shell


  We present a generalization of the boundary state formalism for the bosonic
string that allows us to calculate the overlap of the boundary state with
arbitrary closed string states. We show that this generalization exactly
reproduces world-sheet sigma model calculations, thus giving the correct
overlap with both on- and off-shell string states, and that this new boundary
state automatically satisfies the requirement for integrated vertex operators
in the case of non-conformally invariant boundary interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 997 </DOCNO>
Microstructural Shear Localization in Plastic Deformation of Amorphous


  The shear-transformation-zone (STZ) theory of plastic deformation predicts
that sufficiently soft, non-crystalline solids are linearly unstable against
forming periodic arrays of microstructural shear bands. A limited nonlinear
analysis indicates that this instability may be the mechanism responsible for
strain softening in both constant-stress and constant-strain-rate experiments.
The analysis presented here pertains only to one-dimensional banding patterns
in two-dimensional systems, and only to very low temperatures. It uses the
rudimentary form of the STZ theory in which there is only a single kind of zone
rather than a distribution of them with a range of transformation rates.
Nevertheless, the results are in qualitative agreement with essential features
of the available experimental data. The nonlinear theory also implies that
harder materials, which do not undergo a microstructural instability, may form
isolated shear bands in weak regions or, perhaps, at points of concentrated
stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72997 </DOCNO>
Concept of unified local field theory and nonlocality of matter


  The concept of unified local field theory is considered. According this
concept the quantum description and the classical one must be the levels for
investigation of some world solution of the unified field model. It is shown
that in the framework of the unified local field theory there are nonlocal
correlations between space separate events. Thus the experiments of Aspect type
for testing of the Bell inequalities and for showing of the nonlocal
correlations does not reject a possibility for description of matter with the
unified local field theory. Advantages of such theory for new technologies are
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7561 </DOCNO>
Order Parameter to Characterize Valence-Bond-Solid States in Quantum


  We propose an order parameter to characterize valence-bond-solid (VBS) states
in quantum spin chains, given by the ground-state expectation value of a
unitary operator appearing in the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis argument. We show that
the order parameter changes the sign according to the number of valence bonds
(broken valence bonds) at the boundary for periodic (open) systems. This allows
us to determine the phase transition point in between different VBS states. We
demonstrate this theory in the successive dimerization transitions of the
bond-alternating Heisenberg chains, using the quantum Monte Carlo method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149820 </DOCNO>
One-Loop N-Point Superstring Amplitudes with Manifest d=4 Supersymmetry


  The hybrid formalism for the superstring is used to compute one-loop
amplitudes with an arbitrary number of external d=4 supergravity states. These
one-loop N-point amplitudes are expressed as Koba-Nielsen-like formulas with
manifest d=4 supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179695 </DOCNO>
pQCD phenomenology of elastic ed scattering


  Electron-deuteron elastic scattering data ($A(Q^2)$ and $B(Q^2)$ structure
functions and polarization observables $t_{20}$, $t_{21}$ and $t_{22}$) are fit
with a model that respects asymptotic properties of pQCD at high momentum
transfer. The data analysis shows that pQCD starts from $Q^2=3.5 \rm
(GeV/c)^2$. Predictions for the magnetic structure function $B(Q^2)$ and the
polarization observables at high momentum transfer are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87102 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic models of the cosmological radiative era


  We consider a generalization of the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) solutions by
keeping the LTB metric but replacing its dust matter source by an imperfect
fluid with anisotropic pressure $\Pi_{ab} $. Assuming that total matter-energy
density $\rho$ is the sum of a rest mass term, $\rhom$, plus a radiation
$\rhor=3p$ density where $p$ is the isotropic pressure, Einstein's equations
are fully integrated without having to place any previous assumption on the
form of $\Pi_{ab} $. Three particular cases of interest are contained: the
usual LTB dust solutions (the dust limit), a class of FLRW cosmologies (the
homogeneous limit) and of the Vaydia solution (the vacuum limit). Initial
conditions are provided in terms of suitable averages and contrast functions of
the initial densities of $\rhom, \rhor$ and the 3-dimensional Ricci scalar
along an arbitrary initial surface $t=t_i$. We consider the source of the
models as an interactive radiation-matter mixture in local thermal equilibrium
that must be consistent with causal Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics (hence
$\Pi_{ab} $ is shear viscosity). Assuming near equilibrium conditions
associated with small initial density and curvature contrasts, the evolution of
the models is qualitatively similar to that of adiabatic perturbations on a
matter plus radiation FLRW background. We show that initial conditions exist
that lead to thermodynamically consistent models, but only for the full
transport equation of Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. These interactive
mixtures provide a reasonable approximation to a dissipative 'tight coupling'
characteristic of radiation-matter mixtures in the radiative pre-decoupling
era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2798 </DOCNO>
A hierarchical approach for computing spin glass ground states


  We describe a numerical algorithm for computing spin glass ground states with
a high level of reliability. The method uses a population based search and
applies optimization on multiple scales. Benchmarks are given leading to
estimates of the performance on large lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169044 </DOCNO>
Degree of entanglement for two qubits


  We demonstrate that any pure bipartite state of two qubits may be decomposed
into a superposition of a maximally entangled state and an orthogonal
factorizable one. Although there are many such decompositions, the weights of
the two superposed states are, remarkably, unique. We propose a measure of
entanglement based on this decomposition. We also demonstrate that this measure
is connected to three measures of entanglement previously set forth: maximal
violation of Bell's inequality, concurrence, and two-particle visibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41178 </DOCNO>
Measurement of dsigma/DM Forward-Backward Charge Asymmetry for High Mass


  We report on a measurement of the mass dependence of the forward-backward
charge asymmetry, A_FB, and production cross section dsigma/dM for e+e- pairs
with mass M_ee>40 GeV/c2. The data sample consists of 108 pb-1 of p-pbar
collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV taken by the Collider Detector at Fermilab during
1992-1995. The measured asymmetry and dsigma/dM are compared with the
predictions of the Standard Model and a model with an extra Z' gauge boson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4102 </DOCNO>
Quasi-elastic neutron scattering in the high-field phase of a Haldane


  Inelastic neutron scattering experiments on the Haldane-gap quantum
antiferromagnet NDMAP are performed in magnetic fields below and above the
critical field Hc at which the gap closes. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering is
found for H>Hc indicating topological excitations in the high field phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1848 </DOCNO>
Nature of the quantum insulator to superconductor and superconductor to


  Using the scaling theory of quantum critical phenomena we present a detailed
analysis of various superconducting properties of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$,
Y$_{0.8}$Ca$_{0.2}$-123, Tl-1212 and Tl-2201. Our results include: the
experimental data are fully consistent with a 2D insulator to superconductor
(ISQ) transition in the underdoped limit. The quantum critical properties
appear to be equivalent to those of a dirty 2D bosonic system with long range
Coulomb interaction. Together with previous evidence, this transition appears
to be a generic feature of cuprate superconductors. The 3D superconductor to
normal state quantum transition (SNQ) turns out to be less unique. More
extended experimental data is needed to settle the nature of this transition
unambiguously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75553 </DOCNO>
Equation of state of strongly coupled QCD at finite density


  Using an effective strongly coupled lattice QCD Hamiltonian and Wilson
fermions we calculate the equation of state for cold and dense quark matter by
constructing an ansatz which exactly diagonalizes the Hamiltonian to second
order in field operators for all densities. This ansatz obeys the free lattice
Dirac equation with a chemical potential term and a mass term which is
interpreted as the dynamical quark mass. We find that the order of chiral phase
transition depends on the values of input parameters. In the phase with
spontaneously broken chiral symmetry the quark Fermi sea has negative pressure
indicating its mechanical instability. This result is in qualitative agreement
with those obtained using continuum field theory models with four--point
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114523 </DOCNO>
Quantum approach to the halo formation in high current beams


  An interpretation of the formation of halo in accelerators based on
quantum-like theory by a diffraction model is given in terms of the transversal
beam motion. Physical implications of the longitudinal dynamics are also
examined

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73502 </DOCNO>
An Auger test of the Cen A model of highest energy cosmic rays


  If, as recently proposed by Farrar and Piran, Cen A is the source of cosmic
rays detected above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min cutoff, neutrons are $\approx
140$ more probable than protons to be observed along its line of sight. This is
because the proton flux is rendered nearly isotropic by ${\cal O}(\mu$G)
intergalactic magnetic fields. With the anticipated aperture of the Southern
Auger Observatory, one may expect on the order of 2 neutron events/year above
$10^{20}$ eV in the line of sight of Cen A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 442 </DOCNO>
Soliton-limited Superflow in 3He-A between Parallel Plates


  We have studied theoretically the flow of superfluid 3He-A in parallel-plate
geometry. The equilibrium order-parameter texture is calculated numerically in
two spatial dimensions consisting of the coordinates along the flow direction
and perpendicular to the plates. The calculations have been done using the
hydrostatic theory in the Ginzburg-Landau region and assuming a large external
magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of calculation. We have studied a
uniform texture and a dipole-unlocked splay soliton as initial configurations.
In the former case we find the Freedericksz transition and a helical
instability with increasing flow. In the latter case we find instability in the
soliton. This instability is closely related to the critical velocity in the
presence of a vortex sheet. Also, the transverse NMR frequency shift at the
soliton has been calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86461 </DOCNO>
Five-dimensional general relativity and Kaluza-Klein theory


  We consider 5D spaces which admit the most symmetric 3D subspaces. 5D vacuum
Einstein equations are constructed and 5D analog of the mass function is found.
The corresponding conservation law leads to 5D analog of Birkhoff's theorem.
Hence the cylinder condition is dynamically implemented for the considered
spaces. For some obtained metrics a period of space with respect to the fifth
coordinate was found. The problem of the dynamical degrees of freedom of the
fields system obtained in the process of dimensional reduction is discussed,
and the problem of their interpretation is considered. One can think that the
parametrization of the scalar field and 4D metric leading to the conformally
invariant 4D theory for interacting gravitational and scalar fields is most
natural and adequate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6156 </DOCNO>
Attraction between pancakes vortices in the crossing lattices of layered


  The intervortex interaction is investigated in very anisotropic layered
superconductors in tilted magnetic field. In such a case, the crossing lattice
of Abrikosov vortices (AVs) and Josephson vortices (JVs) appears. The
interaction between pancakes vortices (PVs), forming the AVs, and JVs produces
the deformation of the AV line. It is demonstrated that in the result of this
deformation a long range attraction between AVs is induced. This phenomenon is
responsible for the dense vortex chains formation. The vortex structure in weak
perpendicular magnetic field is the vortex chain phase, while in higher field a
more complicated mixed vortex chain-vortex lattice phase emerges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 308 </DOCNO>
Modeling the electronic behavior of $\gamma$-LiV2O5: a microscopic study


  We determine the electronic structure of the one-dimensional spin-1/2
Heisenberg compound $\gamma$-LiV$_2$O$_5$, which has two inequivalent vanadium
ions, V(1) and V(2), via density-functional calculations. We find a relative
V(1)-V(2) charge ordering of roughly $70:30$. We discuss the influence of the
charge ordering on the electronic structure and the magnetic behavior. We give
estimates of the basic hopping matrix elements and compare with the most
studied $\alpha '$-NaV$_2$O$_5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124474 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Radio Jets


  Extragalactic radio sources, including quasars, are now typically understood
as being produced by a pair of nearly symmetric, oppositely directed
relativistic jets. While some these sources span megaparsecs, and are thus the
largest physically connected structures in the universe, emitting regions
identified as jets have now been found on all scales down to fractions of a
parsec, and jets appear to be a common element of most (maybe all) types of
active galactic nuclei (AGN). We first summarize key observations of different
classes of cosmic radio jets, and describe how they may be connected.
Theoretical models for the launching and propagation of extragalactic jets are
briefly described. All of these models assume a magnetized plasma, which
typically amounts to only a small fraction of the accreted gas, is ejected from
the vicinity of a supermassive black hole. The extreme complexity of the
relevant physics has demanded numerical simulations to examine non-linear
effects on the stability of propagating jets, and some recent results from
these efforts are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127289 </DOCNO>
Constraining H0 from Chandra Observations of Q0957+561


  We report the detection of the lens cluster of the gravitational lens (GL)
system Q0957+561 from a deep observation with the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer on-board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Intracluster X-ray
emission is found to be centered 4.3 +/- 1.3 arcsec east and 3.5(-0.6,+1.3)
arcsec north of image B, nearer than previous estimates. Its spectrum can be
modeled well with a thermal plasma model consistent with the emission
originating from a cluster at a redshift of 0.36. Our best-fit estimates of the
cluster temperature of T_e = 2.09(-0.54,+0.83) keV (90 percent confidence) and
mass distribution of the cluster are used to derive the convergence parameter
kappa, the ratio of the cluster surface mass density to the critical density
required for lensing. We estimate the convergence parameter at the location of
the lensed images A and B to be kappa_A = 0.22(+0.14,-0.07) and kappa_B =
0.21(+0.12,-0.07), respectively (90 percent confidence levels). The observed
cluster center, mass distribution and convergence parameter kappa provide
additional constraints to lens models of this system. Our new results break a
mass-sheet degeneracy in GL models of this system and provide better
constraints of ~ 29 percent (90 percent confidence levels) on the Hubble
constant. We also present results from the detection of the most distant X-ray
jet (z = 1.41) detected to date. The jet extends approximately 8 arcsec NE of
image A and three knots are resolved along the X-ray jet with flux densities
decreasing with distance from the core. The observed radio and optical flux
densities of the knots are fitted well with a synchrotron model and the X-ray
emission is modeled well with inverse Compton scattering of Cosmic Microwave
Background photons by synchrotron-emitting electrons in the jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96071 </DOCNO>
Jet coordinates for local BRST cohomology


  The construction of appropriate jet space coordinates for calculating local
BRST cohomology groups is discussed. The relation to tensor calculus is briefly
reviewed too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126286 </DOCNO>
Passive irradiated circumstellar disks with an inner hole


  A model for irradiated dust disks around Herbig Ae stars is proposed. The
model is based on the flaring disk model of Chiang & Goldreich (1997), but with
the central regions of the disk removed. The inner rim of the disk is puffed up
and is much hotter than the rest of the disk, because it is directly exposed to
the stellar flux. If located at the dust evaporation radius, its reemitted flux
produces a conspicuous bump in the SED which peaks at 2-3 micron. We propose
that this emission is the explanation for the near-infrared bump observed in
the SEDs of Herbig Ae stars. We study for which stellar parameters this bump
would be observable, and find that it is the case for Herbig Ae stellar
parameters but not for T-Tauri stars, confirming what is found from the
observations. We also study the effects of the shadow cast by the inner rim
over the rest of the flaring disk. The shadowed region can be quite large, and
under some circumstances the entire disk may lie in the shadow. This shadowed
region will be much cooler than an unshadowed flaring disk, since its only
heating sources are radial radiative diffusion and possible indirect sources of
irradiation. Under certain special circumstances the shadowing effect can
suppress, or even completely eliminate, the 10 micron emission feature from the
spectrum, which might explain the anomalous SEDs of some isolated Herbig Ae
stars in the sample of Meeus et al. (2001). At much larger radii the disk
emerges from the shadow, and continues as a flaring disk towards the outer
edge. The complete model, including structure of the inner edge, shadowed
region and the flared outer part, is described in detail in this paper, and we
show examples of the general behavior of the model for varying parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124805 </DOCNO>
A Submillimeter View of Star Formation Near the HII Region KR 140


  We present the results of 450 and 850 micron continuum mapping of the HII
region KR 140 using the SCUBA instrument on the JCMT. KR 140 is a small (5.7 pc
diameter) HII region at a distance of 2.3+/-0.3 kpc. Five of the six IRAS point
sources near KR 140 were mapped in this study. Our analysis shows that two of
these IRAS sources are embedded late B type stars lying well outside the HII
region, two are a part of the dust shell surrounding the HII region, and one is
the combined emission from an ensemble of smaller sources unresolved by IRAS.
We have discovered a number of relatively cold submillimeter sources not
visible in the IRAS data, ranging in size from 0.2 to 0.7 pc and in mass from
0.5 to 130 Msun. The distribution of masses for all sources is well
characterized by a power law N(>M) ~ M^{-alpha} with alpha = 0.5 +/- 0.04, in
agreement with the typical mass function for clumped structures of this scale
in molecular clouds. Several of the submillimeter sources are found at the
HII-molecular gas interface and have probably been formed as the result of the
expansion of the HII region. Many of the submillimeter sources we detect are
gravitationally bound and most of these follow a mass-size relationship
expected for objects in virial equilibrium with non-thermal pressure support.
Upon the loss of non-thermal support they could be sites of star formation.
Along with the two B stars that we have identified as possible cluster members
along with VES 735, we argue that five nearby highly-reddened stars are in a
pre-main-sequence stage of evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4318 </DOCNO>
Field-Dependent Tilt and Birefringence of Electroclinic Liquid Crystals:


  An unresolved issue in the theory of liquid crystals is the molecular basis
of the electroclinic effect in the smectic-A phase. Recent x-ray scattering
experiments suggest that, in a class of siloxane-containing liquid crystals, an
electric field changes a state of disordered molecular tilt in random
directions into a state of ordered tilt in one direction. To investigate this
issue, we measure the optical tilt and birefringence of these liquid crystals
as functions of field and temperature, and we develop a theory for the
distribution of molecular orientations under a field. Comparison of theory and
experiment confirms that these materials have a disordered distribution of
molecular tilt directions that is aligned by an electric field, giving a large
electroclinic effect. It also shows that the net dipole moment of a correlated
volume of molecules, a key parameter in the theory, scales as a power law near
the smectic-A--smectic-C transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1005 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure and string tension of stripes in high-Tc


  We present a simple, material-specific model Hamiltonian for stripes and use
it to explain the observed differences between the angle-resolved photoemission
spectra of La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO4 and Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+x), e.g, along the nodal
line and around (3pi/4,0). Next we compute the string tension for stripes and
find it to be smallest in the materials with the highest observed Tc,max.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72996 </DOCNO>
Low-energy constraints from unification of matter multiplets


  We study the low-energy consequences of the mass and mixing angle relations
in grand unified theories (GUT), which follow from an assumption that some
quarks and leptons are placed in the same GUT multiplets. This assumption is a
simple extension of that for the well-known bottom/tau mass ratio, which is one
of the most successful predictions of grand unification of matter multiplets.
We show that imposing the GUT relations leads naturally to a limited parameter
space from the large lepton mixing between the second and third generations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95717 </DOCNO>
Commutators, Spectral Trace Identities, and Universal Estimates for


  Using simple commutator relations, we obtain several trace identities
involving eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of an abstract self-adjoint operator
acting in a Hilbert space. Applications involve abstract universal estimates
for the eigenvalue gaps. As particular examples, we present simple proofs of
the classical universal estimates for eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian
(Payne-Polya-Weinberger, Hile-Protter, etc.), as well as of some known and new
results for other differential operators and systems. We also suggest an
extension of the methods to the case of non-self-adjoint operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72785 </DOCNO>
Measuring Supersymmetric Particle Masses at the LHC in Scenarios with


  The measurement of sparticle masses in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Model at the LHC is analysed, in the scenario where the lightest neutralino
decays into three quarks. Such decays, occurring through the baryon-number
violating coupling lambda''_ijk, pose a severe challenge to the capability of
the LHC detectors since the final state has no missing energy signature and a
high jet multiplicity. We focus on the case of non-zero lambda''_212 which is
the most difficult experimentally. The proposed method is valid over a wide
range of SUGRA parameter space with lambda''_212 between 10^{-5}-0.1.
Simulations are performed of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.
Using the lightest neutralino from the decay chain left-squark to quark +
next-to-lightest neutralino to right-slepton + lepton + quark and finally to
lightest neutralino + lepton pair + quark, we show that the lightest and
next-to-lightest neutralino masses can be measured by 3-jet and 3-jet + lepton
pair invariant mass combinations. At the SUGRA point M_0=100 GeV, M_{1/2}=300
GeV, A_0=300 GeV, tan beta=10, sign of mu positive and with lambda''_212=0.005,
we achieve statistical (systematic) errors of 3 (3), 3 (3), 0.3 (4) and 5 (12)
GeV respectively for the masses of the lightest neutralino, next-to-lightest
neutralino, right-slepton and left-squark, with an integrated luminosity of 30
fb^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98212 </DOCNO>
On Two Approaches to Fractional Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics


  Two complementary approaches of N = 2 fractional supersymmetric quantum
mechanics of order k are studied in this article. The first one, based on a
generalized Weyl-Heisenberg algebra W(k) (that comprizes the affine quantum
algebra Uq(sl(2)) with q to k = 1 as a special case), apparently contains
solely one bosonic degree of freedom. The second one uses generalized bosonic
and k-fermionic degrees of freedom. As an illustration, a particular emphasis
is put on the fractional supersymmetric oscillator of order k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81465 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative renormalization in domain-wall QCD by Schr\"odinger


  We formulate and numerically test the Schr\"odinger functional scheme for
domain-wall QCD. We then apply it to a non-perturbative calculation of the
renormalization factors for vector and axial-vector currents in quenched
domain-wall QCD with plaquette and renormalization group improved gauge actions
at $a^{-1}\simeq 2$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73531 </DOCNO>
Resummed B -> X_u l nu Decay Distributions to Next-to-Leading Order


  We perform factorization of the most general distribution in semileptonic B
-> X_u decays and we resum the threshold logarithms to next-to-leading order.
  From this (triple-differential) distribution, any other distribution is
obtained by integration. As an application of our method, we derive simple
analytical expressions for a few distributions, resummed to leading
approximation. It is shown that the shape function can be directly determined
by measuring the distribution in m_X^2/E_X^2, not in m_X^2/m_B^2. We compute
the resummed hadron energy spectrum, which has a ``Sudakov shoulder'', and we
show how the distribution in the singular region is related to the shape
function. We also present an improved formula for the photon spectrum in B->X_s
gamma which includes soft-gluon resummation and non-leading operators in the
effective hamiltonian. We explicitly show that the same non-perturbative
function - namely the shape function - controls the non-perturbative effects in
all the distributions in the semi-leptonic and in the rare decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6862 </DOCNO>
Effects of nonorthogonality in the time-dependent current through tunnel


  A theoretical technique which allows to include contributions from
non-orthogonality of the electron states in the leads connected to a tunneling
junction is derived. The theory is applied to a single barrier tunneling
structure and a simple expression for the time-dependent tunneling current is
derived showing explicit dependence of the overlap. The overlap proves to be
necessary for a better quantitative description of the tunneling current, and
our theory reproduces experimental results substantially better compared to
standard approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73379 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis in Smooth Hybrid Inflation


  We present a concrete supersymmetric grand unified model based on the
Pati-Salam gauge group SU(4)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R and leading naturally to
smooth hybrid inflation, which avoids the cosmological disaster encountered in
the standard hybrid inflationary scenario from the overproduction of monopoles
at the end of inflation. Successful `reheating' which satisfies the gravitino
constraint takes place after the termination of inflation. Also, adequate
baryogenesis via a primordial leptogenesis occurs consistently with the solar
and atmospheric neutrino oscillation data as well as the SU(4)_c symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 61 </DOCNO>
Dynamical mean-field theory for pairing and spin gap in the attractive


  We solve the attractive Hubbard model for arbitrary interaction strengths
within dynamical mean-field theory. We compute the transition temperature for
superconductivity and analyze electron pairing in the normal phase. The normal
state is a Fermi liquid at weak coupling and a non-Fermi liquid state with a
spin gap at strong coupling. Away from half-filling, the quasi-particle weight
vanishes discontinuously at the transition between the two normal states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150290 </DOCNO>
Implications of bulk causality for holography in AdS


  Gravitational time delay in asymptotically Anti de Sitter spaces has
consequences for holographic duality. We argue that the requirement of bulk
causality implies that it is not possible for a collection of boundary
observers, performing local measurements, to extract information from
precursors. Using similar arguments, we derive an integrated weak energy
constraint on spacetimes which can admit a holographic dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75638 </DOCNO>
Newtonian gravity from the Higgs field: the sublimation of aether


  We illustrate why a space-time structure as in General Relativity is not in
contradiction with a dynamical origin of gravity from a scalar field. Further,
we argue that the recently discovered gap-less mode of the singlet Higgs field
represents the most natural dynamical agent of Newtonian gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41787 </DOCNO>
Improved Model-Independent Analysis of Semileptonic and Radiative Rare B


  We update the branching ratios for the inclusive decays $B\to X_s \ell^+
\ell^-$ and the exclusive decays $B\to (K,K^*) \ell^+ \ell^-$, with $\ell=e, 
\m$, in the standard model by including the explicit $O(\a_s)$ and
$\Lambda_{\hbox{\tiny QCD}} / m_b$ corrections. This framework is used in
conjunction with the current measurements of the branching ratios for $B\to X_s
\g$ and $B\to K \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays and upper limits on the branching ratios
for the decays $B\to (K^*,X_s) \ell^+ \ell^-$ to work out bounds on the Wilson
coefficients $C_7$, $C_8$, $C_9$ and $C_{10}$ appearing in the effective
Hamiltonian formalism. The resulting bounds are found to be consistent with the
predictions of the standard model and some variants of supersymmetric theories.
We illustrate the constraints on supersymmetric parameters that the current
data on rare B decays implies in the context of minimal flavor violating model
and in more general scenarios admitting additional flavor changing mechanisms.
Precise measurements of the dilepton invariant mass distributions in the decays
$B \to (X_s,K^*,K) \ell^+ \ell^-$, in particular in the lower dilepton mass
region, and the forward-backward asymmetry in the decays $B \to (X_s,K^*)
\ell^+ \ell^-$, will greatly help in discriminating among the SM and various
supersymmetric theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149649 </DOCNO>
Monte-Carlo Simulation of Domain-Wall Network in Two-dimensional


  We will show that 2-dimensional N=2-extended supersymmetric theory can have
solitonic solution using the Hamilton-Jacobi method of classical mechanics.
Then it is shown that the Bogomol'nyi mass bound is saturated by these
solutions and triangular mass inequality is satisfied. At the end, we will
mention domain-wall structure in 3-dimensional spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81260 </DOCNO>
Spin models on Platonic solids and asymptotic freedom


  We consider a two-dimensional sigma-model with discrete
icosahedral/dodecahedral symmetry. We present high-precision finite-size
numerical results that show that the continuum limit of this model is different
from the continuum limit of the rotationally invariant O(3) sigma-model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6375 </DOCNO>
Magnetic-field-induced collapse of charge-ordered nanoclusters and the


  We report synchrotron x-ray scattering studies of charge/orbitally ordered
(COO) nanoclusters in Nd$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$. We find that the COO
nanoclusters are strongly suppressed in an applied magnetic field, and that
their decreasing concentration follows the field-induced decrease of the sample
electrical resistivity. The COO nanoclusters, however, do not completely
disappear in the conducting state, suggesting that this state is inhomogeneous
and contains an admixture of an insulating phase. Similar results were also
obtained for the zero-field insulator-metal transition that occurs as
temperature is reduced. These observations suggest that these correlated
lattice distortions play a key role in the Colossal Magnetoresistance effect in
this prototypical manganite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 242 </DOCNO>
Linear response of vibrated granular systems to sudden changes in the


  The short-term memory effects recently observed in vibration-induced
compaction of granular materials are studied. It is shown that they can be
explained by means of quite plausible hypothesis about the mesoscopic
description of the evolution of the system. The existence of a critical time
separating regimes of ``anomalous'' and ``normal'' responses is predicted. A
simple model fitting into the general framework is analyzed in the detail. The
relationship between this work and previous studies is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96811 </DOCNO>
Framed knots in 3-manifolds


  For a fixed isotopy type $K$ of unframed knots in $S^3$ there are infinitely
many isotopy classes of framed knots that correspond to $K$ when we forget the
framing.
  We show that the same fact is true for all the isotopy types of unframed
knots in a (not neceessarily compact) connected oriented 3-manifold $M$,
provided that $M\neq (S^1\times S^2) # M'$. On the other hand for any
$M=(S^1\times S^2) # M'$ we construct examples of isotopy classes of unframed
knots in $M$ that correspond to only two isotopy classes of framed knots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179748 </DOCNO>
Properties of Nuclear Matter in A Nonlinear Realized Approach of the


  A nonlinear realization of SU(2) chiral symmetry spontaneous breaking
approach is developed in the composite operator formalism. The properties of
nuclear matter, the pion and the quark condensates in nuclear matter are
evaluated. The calculated results show that the saturation properties of
nuclear matter can be reproduced well with the approach. Meanwhile, the
expectation value of $\vec{\pi}^{~2}$ becomes nonzero in the nuclear matter
with minimal density $\rho_N \sim 0.235 {fm}^{-3}$, and the quark condensate
decreases monotonously with the increasing of the nuclear matter density. As
the pion condensate appears, the decreasing rate of the quark condensate is
enhanced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127980 </DOCNO>
The Orthogonal Gaseous Kinematical Decoupling in the Sa Spiral NGC 2855


  We present major and minor-axis kinematics of stars and ionized gas as well
as narrow and broad-band surface photometry of the Sa spiral NGC 2855. In the
nuclear regions of this unbarred and apparently undisturbed spiral galaxy the
gas is rotating perpendicularly to the galaxy disk. We suggest that this
kinematically-decoupled component is the signature of an acquisition process in
the history of this galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97274 </DOCNO>
On factorization of operators through the spaces $l^p.$


  We give conditions on a pair of Banach spaces $X$ and $Y,$ under which each
operator from $X$ to $Y,$ whose second adjoint factors compactly through the
space $l^p,$ $1\le p\le+\infty$, itself compactly factors through $l^p.$ The
conditions are as follows: either the space $X^*,$ or the space $Y^{***}$
possesses the Grothendieck approximation property. Leaving the corresponding
question for parameters $p>1, p\neq 2,$ still open, we show that for $p=1$ the
conditions are essential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98269 </DOCNO>
On asymptotic models in Banach spaces


  A well known application of Ramsey's Theorem to Banach Space Theory is the
notion of a spreading model (e'_i) of a normalized basic sequence (x_i) in a
Banach space X. We show how to generalize the construction to define a new
creature (e_i), which we call an asymptotic model of X. Every spreading model
of X is an asymptotic model of X and in most settings, such as if X is
reflexive, every normalized block basis of an asymptotic model is itself an
asymptotic model. We also show how to use the Hindman-Milliken Theorem--a
strengthened form of Ramsey's Theorem--to generate asymptotic models with a
stronger form of convergence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148287 </DOCNO>
Dimensional Reduction by a Two-Form (another alternative to


  It is shown that the local coupling of a higher dimensional graviton to a
closed degenerate two-form produces dimensional reduction by spontaneous
breakdown of extra-dimensional translational symmetry. Four dimensional
Poincar\'e invariance emerges as residual symmetry. As a specific example, a
six dimensional geometry coupled to a closed rank 2 two-form yields the `ground
state' $$ds^2={\rm e}^{-|\xi|^2/4l^2}\eta_{\mu\nu}dx^\mu dx^\nu+\delta_{ij}
d\xi^i d\xi^j$$ with $l$ a fundamental length scale. At low energies,
space-time reduces to four observable dimensions and general relativistic
gravity is reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95546 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative 4-spheres based on all Podle\'s 2-spheres and beyond


  A wide class of noncommutative spaces, including 4-spheres based on all the
quantum 2-spheres and suspensions of matrix quantum groups is described. For
each such space a noncommutative vector bundle is constructed. This generalises
and clarifies various recent constructions of noncommutative 4-spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128982 </DOCNO>
Systematic Construction of Exact 2-D MHD Equilibria with Steady,


  We present a systematic method for constructing two-dimensional
magnetohydrodynamic equilibria with compressible flow in Cartesian geometry.
This systematic method has already been developed in spherical geometry and
applied in modelling solar and stellar winds and outflows (Vlahakis &
Tsinganos,1998) but is derived here in Cartesian geometry in the context of the
solar atmosphere for the first time. Using the method we find several new
classes of solutions, some of which generalise known solutions, including the
Kippenhahn & Schl\"uter (1957) and Hood & Anzer (1990) solar prominence models
and the Tsinganos, Surlantzis & Priest (1993) coronal loop model with flow, and
some of which are completely new. Having developed the method in full and
summarised the several classes of solutions, we explore in a some detail one of
the classes to illustrate the general construction method. From one of the new
classes of solutions we calculate two loop-like solutions, one of which is the
first exact two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium with
trans-Alfv\'enic flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1997 </DOCNO>
A new class of models for surface relaxation with exact mean-field


  We introduce a class of discrete models for surface relaxation. By exactly
solving the master equation which governs the microscopic dynamics of the
surface, we determine the steady state of the surface and calculate its
roughness. We will also map our model to a diffusive system of particles on a
ring and reinterpret our results in this new setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128978 </DOCNO>
A Novel Approach to Non linear Shock Acceleration


  First order Fermi acceleration at astrophysical shocks is often invoked as a
mechanism for the generation of non-thermal particles. This mechanism is
especially simple in the approximation that the accelerated particles behave
like test particles, not affecting the shocked fluid. Many complications enter
the calculations when the accelerated particles have a backreaction on the
fluid, in which case we may enter the non linear regime of shock acceleration.
In this paper we summarize the main features of a semi-analytical approach to
the study of the non linearity in shock acceleration, and compare some of the
results with previous attempts and with the output of numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149536 </DOCNO>
Disc Instantons in Linear Sigma Models


  We construct a linear sigma model for open-strings ending on special
Lagrangian cycles of a Calabi-Yau manifold. We illustrate the construction for
the cases considered by Aganagic and Vafa in hep-th/0012041. This leads
naturally to concrete models for the moduli space of open-string instantons.
These instanton moduli spaces can be seen to be intimately related to certain
auxiliary boundary toric varieties. By considering the relevant
Gelfand-Kapranov-Zelevinsky (GKZ) differential equations of the boundary toric
variety, we obtain the contributions to the worldvolume superpotential on the
A-branes from open-string instantons. By using an ansatz due to Aganagic, Klemm
and Vafa in hep-th/0105045, we obtain the relevant change of variables from the
linear sigma model to the non-linear sigma model variables - the open-string
mirror map. Using this mirror map, we obtain results in agreement with those of
AV and AKV for the counting of holomorphic disc instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148342 </DOCNO>
Cardy-Verlinde Formula and AdS Black Holes


  In a recent paper hep-th/0008140 by E. Verlinde, an interesting formula has
been put forward, which relates the entropy of a conformal formal field in
arbitrary dimensions to its total energy and Casimir energy. This formula has
been shown to hold for the conformal field theories that have AdS duals in the
cases of AdS Schwarzschild black holes and AdS Kerr black holes. In this paper
we further check this formula with various black holes with AdS asymptotics.
For the hyperbolic AdS black holes, the Cardy-Verlinde formula is found to hold
if we choose the ``massless'' black hole as the ground state, but in this case,
the Casimir energy is negative. For the AdS Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes in
arbitrary dimensions and charged black holes in D=5, D=4, and D=7 maximally
supersymmetric gauged supergravities, the Cardy-Verlinde formula holds as well,
but a proper internal energy which corresponds to the mass of supersymmetric
backgrounds must be subtracted from the total energy. It is failed to rewrite
the entropy of corresponding conformal field theories in terms of the
Cardy-Verlinde formula for the AdS black holes in the Lovelock gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73542 </DOCNO>
Charmonium Production off Nuclei: from SPS to RHIC


  Physics of charmonium suppression in nuclear collisions drastically changes
between the energies of SPS and RHIC. Mechanisms suppressing charmonia at SPS
are reviewed, neither of which is important at RHIC. On the other hand,
coherence, or shadowing of c-quarks and gluons barely seen at SPS, become a
dominant effect at RHIC providing a much stronger suppression. A onset of
coherence at Fermilab energies explains the observed cross section ratio
steeply falling at large Feynman x_F. In nuclear collisions variation of
charmonium suppression with x_F suggests a sensitive probe for QGP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75998 </DOCNO>
Identification of Randall-Sundrum Graviton Resonances at Linear


  We discuss several methods which can be used to distinguish the graviton
resonances of the Randall-Sundrum model from the graviton-like resonances which
may occur in other theories. The Breit-Wigner line shape of the RS graviton is
found to be particularly useful. In particular we show that the "effective"
graviton resonance present in the model of Dvali et al ~can be distinguished
from those of the Randall-Sundrum scenario for a reasonably wide range of model
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5936 </DOCNO>
Boson peak in an harmonic scalar model


  We study, analytically and numerically, an off-lattice model of scalar
harmonic vibrations for structural glasses. The model has a Boson-Peak which we
argue can be considered as a prototype for materials with a Boson Peak
frequency that decreases with lowering temperature. The density evolution of
the Boson Peak in silica is qualitatively reproduced. The dispersion relation
is linear at the Boson Peak frequency, in agreement with experiments. In our
model the Boson Peak is a precursor of a nearby mechanical instability. The
Boson Peak is built up by the hybridization of the sound waves with extended,
but non propagating (in the sense of a flat dispersion relation), modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40783 </DOCNO>
Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and Leptoquark Solutions


  The recent measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_\mu$ shows a
$2.6\sigma$ deviation from the standard model value. We show that it puts an
interesting bound on the mass of the second generation leptoquarks. To account
for the data the leptoquark must have both the left- and right-handed couplings
to the muon. Assuming that the couplings have electromagnetic strength, the
mass is restricted in the range $0.7 {\rm TeV} < M_{\rm LQ} < 2.2$ TeV at 95%
C.L. We also discuss constraints coming from other low energy and high energy
experiments. If the first-second-generation universality is assumed,
constraints come from the atomic parity violation and charged-current
universality. We show that coexistence with other leptoquarks can satisfy these
additional constraints and at the same time do not affect the $a_\mu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4369 </DOCNO>
Kink Radiation on Small Discrete Periodic Damped Driven Nonlinear


  In this paper, we explain the fundamental properties of the radiation
processess of untrapped kinks moving on discrete lattices or any spatially
periodic potential. In particular we explain qualitatively and quantitatively
the interesting recent experiments of small discrete periodic dynamical arrays
of Josephson junctions. We obtain and show the resonance condition for a kink
to radiate phonons is the kink frequency or one of its harmonics K_j$\dot{X}$
where $\dot{X}$ is the velocity of the kink and the K_j are vectors of the
reciprocal lattice must equal one of the phonon frequencies, $\omega(k)$, where
k are the lattice vectors determined by the lattice spacing and the periodic
boundary conditions. Then we show the radiation resonance conditions determine
the voltage at line center in the experimental currently voltage (I-V)
diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149807 </DOCNO>
Boundary Terms in Brane Worlds


  We clarify the relation between orbifold and interval pictures in 5d brane
worlds. We establish this correspondence for Z_2-even and Z_2-odd orbifold
fields. In the interval picture Gibbons-Hawking terms are necessary to fulfill
consistency conditions. We show how the brane world consistency conditions
arise in the interval picture. We apply the procedure to the situation where
the transverse dimension is terminated by naked singularities. In particular,
we find the boundary terms needed when the naive vacuum action is infinite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167945 </DOCNO>
Detecting Quantum Entanglement


  We review the criteria for separability and quantum entanglement, both in a
bipartite as well as a multipartite setting. We discuss Bell inequalities,
entanglement witnesses, entropic inequalities, bound entanglement and several
features of multipartite entanglement. We indicate how these criteria bear on
the experimental detection of quantum entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129380 </DOCNO>
Contribution of starburst mergers at z~1 to the strong evolution of


  Recent FIR/submm deep surveys revealed large number of ULIGs, which are
proposed to lie at z>1, and in normally interacting systems with very dusty
environments. We discussed in a previous paper that a population with a fast
evolving infrared burst phase triggered by gas rich mergers at z~1 interpreted
successfully the steep slope of IRAS 60um counts, leaving still a reasonable
CIRB level at this wavelength. To extend the model to mid- and far-IR, we adopt
a template SED as typical for nearby IR bright galaxies, such as Arp220. We
construct the SED for the starburst mergers at z~1 by a simple dust extinction
law and a thermal continuum assumption for the FIR emission. Since the
radiation process at MIR for the merging systems is still uncertain, we assume
it is similar to that of Arp220, but modify it by the observed flux correlation
of ULIGs from IRAS, ISOCAM deep surveys. We show in this paper that the strong
evolution of the ELAIS 90um, ISO 170um and the SCUBA 850um could be
sufficiently accounted for by such an evolutionary scenario, especially for the
hump of the ISOCAM 15um source count around 0.4mJy. From current best fit
results, we find that the dust temperature of those merging system at z~1 would
be higher than that of Arp220 for a reconciliation of the multi-wavelength deep
surveys. The major difference of our current model prediction is that we see a
fast convergence of the differential number counts at 60um below 50mJy, which
is about a factor of two brighter than other model predictions. Future IR
satellite like Astro-F,SIRTF would give strong constraints to the models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125977 </DOCNO>
Multi-wavelength observations of serendipitous Chandra sources


  We describe progress in a programme to study a sample of sources typical of
those which contribute a large fraction of the hard X-ray background. The
sources are selected from the fields of approximately 10 ks Chandra cluster
observations with follow-up in the near-infrared and optical. The X-ray data
indicate that many of these are powerful, obscured sources. Two hard objects
which are lensed by the cluster are good candidates for X-ray type-2 quasars,
with luminosities of the order 10^{44}-10^{45} erg s^{-1} and obscuring column
densities of the order 10^{23} cm^{-2}. We find that the sources are bright in
the infra-red (K typically 17-18). From Keck optical spectra and photometric
redshifts, we find that the host galaxies are consistent with being early-type,
massive hosts at redshifts ranging from 0.2 to 3, with median redshift
approximately 1.5. The two obscured quasars also have mid-infrared detections
and 850-micron upper-limits implying that the surrounding dust is at
warm-to-hot temperatures (T of the order of 1000 K).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127869 </DOCNO>
Image and Non-Image Parameters of Atmospheric Cherenkov Events: a


  In this exploratory simulation study, we compare the event-progenitor
classification potential of a variety of measurable parameters of atmospheric
Cherenkov pulses which are produced by ultra-high energy (UHE) gamma-ray and
hadron progenitors and are likely to be recorded by the TACTIC array of
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The parameters derived from Cherenkov images
include Hillas, fractal and wavelet moments, while those obtained from
non-image Cherenkov data consist of pulse profile rise-time and base width and
the relative ultraviolet to visible light content of the Cherenkov event. It is
shown by a neural-net approach that these parameters, when used in suitable
combinations, can bring about a proper segregation of the two event types, even
with modest sized data samples of progenitor particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179099 </DOCNO>
Collectivity of the low-lying dipole strength in relativistic random


  The relativistic random phase approximation is applied in the analysis of the
evolution of the isovector dipole response in nuclei with a large neutron
excess. The self-consistent framework of relativistic mean-field theory, which
has been very successfully applied in the description of ground-state
properties of nuclei far from the valley of $\beta$-stability, is extended to
study the possible onset of low-energy collective isovector dipole modes in
nuclei with extreme isospin values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168637 </DOCNO>
A double-slit quantum eraser


  We report a quantum eraser experiment which actually uses a Young double-slit
to create interference. The experiment can be considered an optical analogy of
an experiment proposed by Scully, Englert and Walther. One photon of an
entangled pair is incident on a Young double-slit of appropriate dimensions to
create an interference pattern in a distant detection region. Quarter-wave
plates, oriented so that their fast axes are orthogonal, are placed in front of
each slit to serve as which-path markers. The quarter-wave plates mark the
polarization of the interfering photon and thus destroy the interference
pattern. To recover interference, we measure the polarization of the other
entangled photon. In addition, we perform the experiment under delayed erasure
circumstances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2802 </DOCNO>
Decoherence of quantum registers


  The dynamical evolution of a quantum register of arbitrary length coupled to
an environment of arbitrary coherence length is predicted within a relevant
model of decoherence. The results are reported for quantum bits (qubits)
coupling individually to different environments (`independent decoherence') and
qubits interacting collectively with the same reservoir (`collective
decoherence'). In both cases, explicit decoherence functions are derived for
any number of qubits. The decay of the coherences of the register is shown to
strongly depend on the input states: we show that this sensitivity is a
characteristic of $both$ types of coupling (collective and independent) and not
only of the collective coupling, as has been reported previously. A non-trivial
behaviour ("recoherence") is found in the decay of the off-diagonal elements of
the reduced density matrix in the specific situation of independent
decoherence. Our results lead to the identification of decoherence-free states
in the collective decoherence limit. These states belong to subspaces of the
system's Hilbert space that do not get entangled with the environment, making
them ideal elements for the engineering of ``noiseless'' quantum codes. We also
discuss the relations between decoherence of the quantum register and
computational complexity based on the new dynamical results obtained for the
register density matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86596 </DOCNO>
Classical Analysis of the van Dam - Veltman Discontinuity


  We consider the classical theory of a gravitational field with spin 2 and
non-vanishing (Pauli-Fierz) mass in flat spacetime, coupled to electromagnetism
and point particles. We establish the law of light propagation and calculate
the amount of deflection in the background of a spherically symmetric
gravitational field. As the mass tends to zero, the deflection is shown to
converge to 3/4 of the value predicted by the massless theory (linearized
General Relativity), even though the spherically symmetric solution of the
gravitational field equations has no regular limit. This confirms an old
argument of van Dam and Veltman on a purely classical level, but also shows its
subtle nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41088 </DOCNO>
Extraction of R=sigma_L/sigma_T from CCFR Neutrino and Antinetrino


  We report on the extraction of R=sigam_L/sigma_T from CCFR neutrino and
antineutrino-Iron differential cross sections. R as measured in neutrno
scattering is in agreement with $R$ as measured in muon and electron
scattering. All data on R for Q2 > 1 GeV2 are in agreement with a NNLO QCD
calculation which uses NNLO PDFs and includes target mass effects. We report on
the first measurements of R in the low x and Q2 < 1 GeV2 region (where an
anomalous large rise in R for nuclear targets has been observed by the HERMES
collaboration).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5879 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation: Greying of the Dark Soliton


  We propose an alternative explanation of the greying of the dark soliton
observed in recent experiments. The condensate initially prepared in the
excited dark soliton state is loosing atoms because of spontaneous quantum
depletion. The atoms are depleted from the soliton state into single particle
states with nonzero density in the core of the soliton. As a result the image
of the soliton is losing contrast. This quantum depletion mechanism is
efficient even at zero temperature when the thermal cloud is absent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168424 </DOCNO>
How a Quantum Theory Based on Generalized Coherent States Resolves the


  It is shown that the quantum theory can be formulated on homogeneous spaces
of generalized coherent states in a manner that accounts for interference,
entanglement, and the linearity of dynamics without using the superposition
principle. The coherent state labels, which are essentially instructions for
preparing states, make it unnecessary to identify properties with projectors in
Hilbert space. This eliminates the so called "eigenvalue-eigenstate" link, and
the theory thereby escapes the measurement problem. What the theory allows us
to predict is the distribution in the outcomes of tests of relations between
coherent states. It is shown that quantum non-determinism can be attributed to
a hidden variable (noise) in the space of relations without violating the no-go
theorems (e.g. Kochen-Specker). It is shown that the coherent state vacuum is
distorted when entangled states are generated. The non-locality of the vacuum
permits this distortion to be felt everywhere without the transmission of a
signal and thereby accounts for EPR correlations in a manifestly covariant way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128321 </DOCNO>
Quasi-self-similar evolution of the two-point correlation function:


  The well-known self-similar solution for the two-point correlation function
of the density field is valid only in an Einstein-de Sitter universe. We
attempt to extend the solution for non-Einstein-de Sitter universes. For this
purpose we introduce an idea of quasi-self-similar evolution; this approach is
based on the assumption that the evolution of the two-point correlation is a
succession of stages of evolution, each of which spans a short enough period to
be considered approximately self-similar. In addition we assume that clustering
is stable on scales where a physically motivated `virialization condition' is
satisfied. These assumptions lead to a definite prediction for the behavior of
the two-point correlation function in the strongly nonlinear regime. We show
that the prediction agrees well with N-body simulations in non-Einstein-de
Sitter cases, and discuss some remaining problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148311 </DOCNO>
D-Branes from N D(-1)-Branes in Bosonic and Type IIA String Theory


  In this paper we would like to discuss the emergence of D-branes from
infinite many D-instantons in bosonic and type IIA string theory in the
framework of boundary string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98459 </DOCNO>
Dirac submanifolds and Poisson involutions


  Dirac submanifolds are a natural generalization in the Poisson category for
symplectic submanifolds of a symplectic manifold. In a certain sense they
correspond to symplectic subgroupoids of the symplectic groupoid of the given
Poisson manifold.
 In particular, Dirac submanifolds arise as the stable locus of a Poisson
involution. In this paper, we provide a general study for these submanifolds
including both local and global aspects.
  In the second part of the paper, we study Poisson involutions and the induced
Poisson structures on their stable locuses. We discuss the Poisson involutions
on a special class of Poisson groups, and more generally Poisson groupoids,
called symmetric Poisson groups (and symmetric Poisson groupoids). Many
well-known examples, including the standard Poisson group structures on
semi-simple Lie groups, Bruhat Poisson structures on compact semi-simple Lie
groups, and Poisson groupoids connecting with dynamical $r$-matrices of
semi-simple Lie algebras are symmetric, so they admit a Poisson involution.
 For symmetric Poisson groups, the relation between the stable locus Poisson
structure and Poisson symmetric spaces is discussed. As a consequence, we show
that the Dubrovin-Ugaglia-Boalch-Bondal Poisson structure on the space of
Stokes matrices $U_{+}$ appearing in Dubrovin's theory of Frobenius manifolds
is indeed a Poisson symmetric space for the Poisson group $B_{+}*B_{-}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124437 </DOCNO>
The complete ISO spectrum of NGC 6302


  We present the combined Infrared Space Observatory Short-Wavelength
Spectrometer and Long-Wavelength Spectrometer 2.4--197 micron spectrum of the
Planetary Nebula NGC 6302 which contains in addition to strong atomic lines, a
series of emission features due to solid state components. The broad wavelength
coverage enables us to more accurately identify and determine the properties of
both oxygen- and carbon-rich circumstellar dust. A simple model fit was made to
determine the abundance and typical temperature of the amorphous silicates,
enstatite and forsterite. Forsterite and enstatite do have roughly the same
abundance and temperature. The origin and location of the dust in a toroidal
disk around the central star are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85985 </DOCNO>
Casimir energy in a small volume multiply connected static hyperbolic


  A few years ago, Cornish, Spergel and Starkman (CSS), suggested that a
multiply connected ``small'' Universe could allow for classical chaotic mixing
as a pre-inflationary homogenization process. The smaller the volume, the more
important the process. Also, a smaller Universe has a greater probability of
being spontaneously created. Previously DeWitt, Hart and Isham (DHI) calculated
the Casimir energy for static multiply connected flat space-times. Due to the
interest in small volume hyperbolic Universes (e.g. CSS), we generalize the DHI
calculation by making a a numerical investigation of the Casimir energy for a
conformally coupled, massive scalar field in a static Universe, whose spatial
sections are the Weeks manifold, the smallest Universe of negative curvature
known. In spite of being a numerical calculation, our result is in fact exact.
It is shown that there is spontaneous vacuum excitation of low multipolar
components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81047 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Solutions of Classical Gravity on Cyclic Groups from


  Based on the observation that the moduli of a link variable on a cyclic group
modify Connes' distance on this group, we construct several action functionals
for this link variable within the framework of noncommutative geometry. After
solving the equations of motion, we find that one type of action gives
nontrivial vacuum solution for gravity on this cyclic group in a broad range of
coupling constants and that such solutions can be expressed with Chebyshev's
polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98394 </DOCNO>
Exemples de Lattes et domaines faiblement spheriques de C^n


  In this paper, we study the attracting basins of the origin in C^(k+1) for
the polynomial lifts of Lattes examples. We show that their boundaries are
obtained as quotient of a spherical hypersurface and we explicit the
singularities that appear. These domains are surprising, because they are very
close to the ball, and admit a non injective self proper holomorphic map. For
the proof, we desingularize these boundaries into a spherical hypersurface in a
line bundle over a complex torus by using theta fonctions. Finally, we discuss
some examples in dimension 2. We show that some critically finite endomorphisms
of CP^2 considered by Ueda are actually Lattes examples although the one
studied by Fornaess and Sibony is not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4441 </DOCNO>
Manifestation of multiband optical properties of MgB$_2$


  The optical conductivity of MgB$_2$ has been determined on a dense
polycrystalline sample in the spectral range 6 meV - 4.6 eV using a combination
of ellipsometric and normal incidence reflectivity measurements.
$\sigma_{1}(\omega)$ features a narrow Drude peak with anomalously small plasma
frequency (1.4 eV) and a very broad "dome" structure, which comprises the bulk
of the low-energy spectral weight. This fact can be reconciled with the results
of band structure calculations by assuming that charge carriers from the 2D
$\sigma$-bands and the 3D $\pi$-bands have principally different impurity
scattering rates and negligible interband scattering. This also explains a
surprisingly small correlation between the defect concentration and $T_c$,
expected for a two-gap superconductor. The large 3D carrier scattering rate
suggests their proximity to the localization limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123505 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a kHz QPO in 2S 0918-549


  We report the discovery of a kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillation (kHz QPO)
in the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 2S 0918-549. The kHz QPO has a frequency of
1156+-9 Hz, a FWHM of 70+-20 Hz, and a fractional rms amplitude of 18%+-2%. We
also detected for the first time a type I X-ray burst in this source. The
compact object must therefore be a neutron star. Finally, we were able to
classify the source as an atoll source exhibiting the full complement of
spectral/timing states of this class (island and banana). From the peak burst
flux an upper limit on the persistent luminosity can be derived of 0.5% of the
Eddington luminosity, making 2S 0918-549 one of the least luminous LMXBs
showing a kHz QPO. We compare the fractional rms amplitudes of the upper kHz
QPO across the ensemble of LMXBs. We find a strong anticorrelation with
luminosity. In LMXBs with luminosities ~100 times lower than those of
Z-sources, the fractional rms amplitude is a factor ~10 larger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87306 </DOCNO>
Radiation reaction in various dimensions


  We discuss the radiation reaction problem for an electric charge moving in
flat space-time of arbitrary dimensions. It is shown that four is the unique
dimension where a local differential equation exists accounting for the
radiation reaction and admitting a consistent mass-renormalization (the
Dirac-Lorentz equation). In odd dimensions the Huygens principle does not hold;
as a result, the radiation reaction force depends on the whole past history of
a charge (radiative tail). We show that the divergence in the tail integral can
be removed by the mass renormalization only in the 2+1 theory. In even
dimensions higher than four, divergences can not be removed by a
renormalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113466 </DOCNO>
Instability patterns, wakes and topological limnit sets


  Many hydrodynamic instability patterns can be put into correspondence with a
subset of characteristic surfaces of tangential discontinuities. These
topological limits sets to systems of hyperbolic PDE's are locally unstable,
but a certain subset associated with minimal surfaces are globally stabilized,
persistent and non-dissipative. Sections of these surfaces are the spiral
scrolls so often observed in hydrodynamic wakes. This method of wake production
does not depend explicitly upon viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148033 </DOCNO>
Some Computations with Seiberg-Witten Invariant Actions


  We show, with a 2-dimensional example, that the low energy effective action
which describes the physics of a single D-brane is compatible with T-duality
whenever the corresponding U(N) non-abelian action is form-invariant under the
non-commutative Seiberg-Witten transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125798 </DOCNO>
Day-Scale Variability of 3C 279 and Searches for Correlations in


  Light curves of 3C 279 are presented in optical (R-band), X-rays (RXTE/PCA),
and gamma rays (CGRO/EGRET) for 1999 Jan-Feb and 2000 Jan-Mar. During both of
those epochs the gamma-ray levels were high, and all three observed bands
demonstrated substantial variation, on time scales as short as one day.
Correlation analyses provided no consistent pattern, although a rather
significant optical/gamma-ray correlation was seen in 1999, with a gamma-ray
lag of ~2.5 days, and there are other suggestions of correlations in the light
curves. For comparison, correlation analysis is also presented for the
gamma-ray and X-ray light curves during the large gamma ray flare in 1996 Feb
and the two gamma-bright weeks leading up to it; the correlation at that time
was strong, with a gamma-ray/X-ray offset of no more than 1 day.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77095 </DOCNO>
Photon and dilepton emission rates from high density quark matter


  We compute the rates of real and virtual photon (dilepton) emission from
dense QCD matter in the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase, focusing on results at
moderate densities (3-5 times the nuclear saturation density) and temperatures
$T\simeq80$ MeV. We pursue two approaches to evaluate the electromagnetic
(e.m.) response of the CFL ground state: (i) a direct evaluation of the photon
self energy using quark particle/-hole degrees of freedom, and (ii) a Hidden
Local Symmetry (HLS) framework based on generalized mesonic excitations where
the $\rho$ meson is introduced as a gauge boson of a local SU(3) color-flavor
group. The $\rho$ coupling to generalized two-pion states induces a finite
width and allows to address the issue of vector meson dominance (VMD) in the
CFL phase. We compare the calculated emissivities (dilepton rates) to those
arising from standard hadronic approaches including in-medium effects. For
rather large superconducting gaps (several tens of MeV at moderate densities),
as suggested by both perturbative and nonperturbative estimates, the dilepton
rates from CFL quark matter turn out to be very similar to those obtained in
hadronic many-body calculations, especially for invariant masses above
$M\simeq0.3$ GeV. A similar observation holds for (real) photon production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5969 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature dynamics near quantum phase transitions


  We review the non-zero temperature relaxational dynamics of quantum systems
near a zero temperature, second-order phase transition. We begin with the
quantum Ising chain, for which universal and exact results for the relaxation
rates can be obtained in all the distinct limiting regimes of the phase
diagram. Next, we describe the crossovers in the electron spectral function
near a transition involving a change in the pairing symmetry of BCS
superconductors in two dimensions. Finally, we consider dynamic spin models
which may provide a mean-field description of magnetic ordering transitions in
the heavy fermion compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99259 </DOCNO>
Nonzero degree tangential maps between dual symmetric spaces


  We construct a tangential map from a locally symmetric space of noncompact
type to its dual compact type twin. By comparing the induced map in cohomology
to a map defined by Matsushima, we conclude that in the equal rank case the map
has a nonzero degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98058 </DOCNO>
Self-duality of Coble's quartic hypersurface and applications


  The moduli space M_0 of semi-stable rank 2 vector bundles with fixed trivial
determinant over a non-hyperelliptic curve C of genus 3 is isomorphic to a
quartic hypersurface in P^7 (Coble's quartic). We show that M_0 is self-dual
and that its polar map associates to a stable bundle E \in M_0 a bundle F which
is characterized by dim H^0(C, E \otimes F) = 4. The projective space PH^0(C, E
\otimes F) is equipped with a net of quadrics \Pi and it is shown that the map
which associates to E \in M_0 the isomorphism class of the plane quartic
Hessian curve of \Pi is a dominant map to the moduli space of genus 3 curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127862 </DOCNO>
Radio monitoring of a sample of X- and gamma-ray loud blazars


  In this paper we present the results of a 4-year (1996 - 1999) radio flux
density monitoring program for a sample of X- and $\gamma$-ray loud blazars.
Our program started in January 1996 and was carried out on monthly basis at the
frequencies of 5 GHz and 8.4 GHz with the 32-m antennas located in Medicina
(Bologna, Italy) and Noto (Siracusa, Italy). 22 GHz data collected in Medicina
from January 1996 to June 1997 will also be presented. The sample of selected
sources comprises most radio loud blazars with $\delta \ge -10^{\circ}$
characterised by emission in the X- and $\gamma$-ray regimes, and target
sources for the BeppoSAX X-ray mission. All sources in the sample, except
J1653+397 (MKN 501), are variable during the four years of our monitoring
program. We classified the type of variability in each source by means of a
structure function analysis. We also computed th$\alpha_{5}^{8.4}$ for all
epochs with nearly simultaneous observations ate spectral index and found that
$\alpha_{5}^{8.4}$ starts flattening at the very beginning o f a radio flare,
or flux density increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114530 </DOCNO>
Multi-Color Polarimetry of the Twilight Sky. The Role of Multiple


  This work is devoted to the study of solar light that experiences single and
multiple scattering in the atmosphere at the twilight time. The work is based
on polarimetric observations of the twilight sky that were conducted in 1997
and 2000 for different color bands. Basing on the results of observations, the
contribution of single-scattered light depending on the wavelength for the
light stage of twilight is obtained. The correlation of color and polarization
properties of the twilight sky is investigated with an account of multiple
scattering

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74345 </DOCNO>
WW Physics at Future e+e- Linear Colliders


  Measurements of triple gauge boson couplings and strong electroweak symmetry
breaking effects at future e+e- linear colliders are reviewed. The results
expected from a future e+e- linear collider are compared with LHC expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126022 </DOCNO>
The Hamburg/SAO Survey for Emission--Line Galaxies. V. The Fifth List of


  We present the fifth list with results of the Hamburg/SAO Survey for
Emission-Line Galaxies (HSS therein, SAO -- Special Astrophysical Observatory,
Russia). The list is a result of follow-up spectroscopy conducted with the 2.2m
CAHA and 4m Kitt Peak telescopes in 1999. The data of this snap-shot
spectroscopy survey confirmed 166 emission-line objects out of 209 observed
candidates and allowed their quantitative spectral classification and redshift
determination. We could classify 98 emission-line objects as BCG/HII galaxies
or probable BCGs, 5 -- as QSOs, 3 - as Seyfert galaxies, 2 - as
super-associations in subluminous spiral galaxies. 25 low-excitation objects
were classified as starburst nuclei (SBN), 24 as dwarf amorphous nuclei
starburst galaxies (DANS) and 3 as LINERs. Due to low signal-to-noise ratio we
could not classify 6 ELGs. Furthermore, for another 4 galaxies we did not
detect any significant emission lines. For 131 emission-line galaxies, the
redshifts and/or line intensities are determined for the first time. For the
remaining 30 previously known ELGs we give either improved data of the line
intensities or some independent measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81104 </DOCNO>
Quenched Finite Volume Logarithms


  Quenched chiral perturbation theory is used to compute the first finite
volume correction to the chiral condensate. The correction diverges
logarithmically with the four-volume $V$. We point out that with dynamical
quarks one can obtain both the chiral condensate and the pion decay constant
from the distributions of the lowest Dirac operator eigenvalues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128772 </DOCNO>
Effects of Grain Morphology and Impurities on the Infrared Spectra of


  In this paper we demonstrate that distinguishing between the polytypes of
silicon carbide by means of infrared features in small-grain spectra is
impossible. Therefore, the infrared spectra of carbon stars, unfortunately, do
not provide a means for drawing comparisons between the crystal structures of
grains condensed in these environments and found in meteorites.
  This is proven first by comparing theoretical band profiles calculated for
ellipsoidal particles, which show clearly a strong dependence on the axis ratio
of the ellipsoids but negligible differences for the two most common polytypes.
Second, spectra measured on submicron particle samples in the laboratory do not
show any obvious correlation of band position or shape to the polytype.
However, we demonstrate by measurements on SiC whiskers that grain shape is
able to determine the spectrum completely. A further strong systematic
influence on the band profile can be exerted by plasmon-phonon coupling due to
conductivity of the SiC material. The latter fact probably is responsible for
the confusion in the astronomical literature about spectral properties of SiC
grains. We show that, although the conductivity seems to be a common property
of many SiC laboratory samples, it is, however, independent of the polytype.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169521 </DOCNO>
Locality and topology in the molecular Aharonov-Bohm effect


  It is shown that the molecular Aharonov-Bohm effect is neither nonlocal nor
topological in the sense of the standard magnetic Aharonov-Bohm effect. It is
further argued that there is a close relationship between the molecular
Aharonov-Bohm effect and the Aharonov-Casher effect for an electrically neutral
spin$-{1/2}$ particle encircling a line of charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148351 </DOCNO>
$R^4$ couplings, the fundamental membrane and exceptional theta


  This letter is an attempt to carry out a first-principle computation in
M-theory using the point of view that the eleven-dimensional membrane gives the
fundamental degrees of freedom of M-theory. Our aim is to derive the exact BPS
$R^4$ couplings in M-theory compactified on a torus $T^{d+1}$ from the toroidal
BPS membrane, by pursuing the analogy with the one-loop string theory
computation. We exhibit an $Sl(3,\Zint)$ modular invariance hidden in the
light-cone gauge (but obvious in the Polyakov approach), and recover the
correct classical spectrum and membrane instantons; the summation measure
however is incorrect. It is argued that the correct membrane amplitude should
be given by an exceptional theta correspondence lifting $Sl(3,\Zint)$ modular
forms to $\exc(\Zint)$ automorphic forms, generalizing the usual theta lift
between $Sl(2,\Zint)$ and $SO(d,d,\Zint)$ in string theory. The exceptional
correspondence $Sl(3)\times E_{6(6)}\subset E_{8(8)}$ offers the interesting
prospect of solving the membrane small volume divergence and unifying membranes
with five-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113558 </DOCNO>
Quantum nondemolition measurement of a light field component by a


  In conventional quantum nondemolition measurements, the interaction between
signal and probe preserves the measured variable. Alternatively, it is possible
to restore the original value of the variable by feedback. In this paper, we
describe a quantum nondemolition measurement of a quadrature component of the
light field using a feedback compensated beam splitter. The noise induced by
the vacuum port of the beam splitter is compensated by a linear feedback
resulting in an effective amplification of the observed variable. This
amplification is then be reversed by optical parametric amplification to
restore the original value of the field component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74430 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quarkonium Dissociation Cross Sections in Relativistic Heavy-Ion


  Many of the hadron-hadron cross sections required for the study of the
dynamics of matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions can be
calculated using the quark-interchange model. Here we evaluate the low-energy
dissociation cross sections of $J/\psi$, $\psi'$, $\chi$, $\Upsilon$, and
$\Upsilon'$ in collision with $\pi$, $\rho$, and $K$, which are important for
the interpretation of heavy-quarkonium suppression as a signature for the quark
gluon plasma. These comover dissociation processes also contribute to
heavy-quarkonium suppression, and must be understood and incorporated in
simulations of heavy-ion collisions before QGP formation can be established
through this signature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2698 </DOCNO>
Degradation of Phase Coherence by Defects in a Two-Dimensional Vortex


  The thermodynamic nature of two-dimensional vortex matter is studied
theoretically through a duality analysis of the XY model over the square
lattice with low uniform frustration. A phase-coherent vortex lattice state is
found at low temperature if rigid translations are prohibited. It shows a
non-zero phase rigidity that is degraded exclusively by the creation of
dislocation pairs. The unbinding of such pairs causes the vortex lattice to
simultaneously lose phase coherence and to melt at a continuous
(Kosterlitz-Thouless) phase transition. General phase auto-correlation
functions are also computed, and these results are used to argue for the
existence of a continuous melting transition of vortex matter in layered
superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96789 </DOCNO>
A locally compact quantum group analogue of the normalizer of SU(1,1) in


  S.L. Woronowicz proved in 1991 that quantum SU(1,1) does not exist as a
locally compact quantum group. Results by L.I. Korogodsky in 1994 and more
recently by Woronowicz gave strong indications that the normalizer N of SU(1,1)
in SL(2,C) is a much better quantization candidate than SU(1,1) itself. In this
paper we show that this is indeed the case by constructing N_q, a new example
of a unimodular locally compact quantum group (depending on a parameter q) that
is a deformation of N. After defining the underlying von Neumann algebra of N_q
we use a certain class of q-hypergeometric functions and their orthogonality
relations to construct the comultiplication. The coassociativity of this
comultiplication is the hardest result to establish. We define the Haar weight
and obtain simple formulas for the antipode and its polar decomposition. As a
final result we produce the underlying C*-algebra of N_q. The proofs of all
these results depend on various properties of q-hypergeometric 1\phi1
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126899 </DOCNO>
Abundances in Stars from the Red Giant Branch Tip to the Near the Main


  We present abundance ratios for O, Na, Si Ca, Ti, Cr, and Ni with respect to
Fe in a sample of stars with a wide range in luminosity from luminous giants to
stars near the turnoff in a globular cluster. Our sample of 25 stars in M71
includes 10 giant stars more luminous than the RHB, 3 horizontal branch stars,
9 giant stars less luminous than the RHB, and 3 stars near the turnoff. The
analyzed spectra, obtained with HIRES at the W. M. Keck Observatory, are of
high dispersion. We find that the iron peak and the alpha-element abundance
ratios show no trend with Teff, and low scatter around the mean. The
alpha-elements Si and Ti are overabundant relative to Fe, while [Ca/Fe] is near
solar. [Na/Fe] and [O/Fe] show higher scatter than the rest of the abundance
ratios analyzed here. The scatter is real and due to star to star abundance
variations. The [Na/Fe] versus [O/Fe] anticorrelation, observed in other metal
poor globular clusters, is just marginally detected in our sample in M71 stars,
and consistent with earlier results of ten giant stars from Sneden et al.
(1994). An anticorrelation among the stars near the main sequence turn off is
not clear. The oxygen poor, Na rich stars found in M5 and in M13 are not
present in our sample of M71 stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41418 </DOCNO>
Flow and non-flow correlations from four-particle multiplets in STAR


  Elliptic flow results are presented for Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}
= 130$
 GeV in RHIC. This signal is investigated as a function of transverse momentum,
rapidity and centrality. Results from four-particle correlation analysis, which
can filter out contributions to the flow signal from correlations unrelated to
the event reaction plane (``non-flow''), are presented and compared to the
conventional method, in which non-flow effects are treated as part of the
systematic uncertainty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96665 </DOCNO>
Gerbes over Orbifolds and Twisted K-theory


  In this paper we construct an explicit geometric model for the group of
gerbes over an orbifold $X$. We show how from its curvature we can obtain its
characteristic class in $H^3(X)$ via Chern-Weil theory. For an arbitrary gerbe
$\LL$, a twisting $\Korb{\LL}(X)$ of the orbifold $K$-theory of $X$ is
constructed, and shown to generalize previous twisting by Rosenberg, Witten,
Atiyah-Segal and Bowknegt et. al. in the smooth case and by Adem-Ruan for
discrete torsion on an orbifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73596 </DOCNO>
Chemical freeze-out parameters at RHIC from microscopic model


  The relaxation of hot nuclear matter to an equilibrated state in the central
zone of heavy-ion collisions at energies from AGS to RHIC is studied within the
microscopic UrQMD model. It is found that the system reaches the
(quasi)equilibrium stage for the period of 10-15 fm/$c$. Within this time the
matter in the cell expands nearly isentropically with the entropy to baryon
ratio $S/A = 150 - 170$. Thermodynamic characteristics of the system at AGS and
at SPS energies at the endpoints of this stage are very close to the parameters
of chemical and thermal freeze-out extracted from the thermal fit to
experimental data. Predictions are made for the full RHIC energy $\sqrt{s} =
200$ AGeV. The formation of a resonance-rich state at RHIC energies is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86960 </DOCNO>
Motion of a Vector Particle in a Curved Spacetime. I. Lagrangian


  From the simple Lagrangian the equations of motion for the particle with spin
are derived. The spin is shown to be conserved on the particle world-line. In
the absence of a spin the equation coincides with that of a geodesic. The
equations of motion are valid for massless particles as well, since mass does
not enter the equations explicitely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73017 </DOCNO>
Extrapolation of K to \pi\pi decay amplitude


  We examine the uncertainties involved in the off-mass-shell extrapolation of
the $K\rightarrow \pi\pi$ decay amplitude with emphasis on those aspects that
have so far been overlooked or ignored. Among them are initial-state
interactions, choice of the extrapolated kaon field, and the relation between
the asymptotic behavior and the zeros of the decay amplitude. In the inelastic
region the phase of the decay amplitude cannot be determined by strong
interaction alone and even its asymptotic value cannot be deduced from
experiment. More a fundamental issue is intrinsic nonuniqueness of off-shell
values of hadronic matrix elements in general. Though we are hampered with
complexity of intermediate-energy meson interactions, we attempt to obtain a
quantitative idea of the uncertainties due to the inelastic region and find
that they can be much larger than more optimistic views portray.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72733 </DOCNO>
Models for Galactic cosmic-ray propagation


  A new numerical model of particle propagation in the Galaxy has been
developed, which allows the study of cosmic-ray and gamma-ray production and
propagation in 2D or 3D, including a full reaction network. This is a further
development of the code which has been used for studies of cosmic ray
reacceleration, Galactic halo size, antiprotons and positrons in cosmic rays,
the interpretation of diffuse continuum gamma rays, and dark matter. In this
paper we illustrate recent results focussing on B/C, sub-Fe/Fe, ACE radioactive
isotope data, source abundances and antiprotons. From the radioactive nuclei we
derive a range of 3-7 kpc for the height of the cosmic-ray halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124879 </DOCNO>
Time-Evolution of the Power Spectrum of the Black Hole X-ray Nova XTE


  We have studied the time evolution of the power spectrum of XTE J1550-564,
using X-ray luminosity time series data obtained by the Rossi X-Ray Timing
Explorer satellite. A number of important practical fundamental issues arise in
the analysis of these data, including dealing with time-tagged event data,
removal of noise from a highly non-stationary signal, and comparison of
different time-frequency distributions. We present two new methods to
understand the time frequency variations, and compare them to the dynamic power
spectrum of Homan et al. All of the approaches provide evidence that the QPO
frequency varies in a systematic way during the time evolution of the signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128099 </DOCNO>
Cometary molecular clouds around RNO6. On-going star formation near the


  We present molecular line observations of the star-forming cloud around RNO6
along with a newly discovered nearby molecular cloud that we name RNO6NW. Both
clouds display striking similarities in their cometary structures and overall
kinematics. By using 13CO line observations, we estimate that these clouds have
similar sizes (~4.5 pc) and masses (~200 solar masses). Both molecular clouds
RNO6 and RNO6NW are active in star formation. From new high resolution near-IR
narrowband images, we confirm that RNO6 hosts an embedded IR cluster that
includes a Herbig Be star. A conspicuous H2 filament is found to delineate the
dense cometary head of the globule. RNO6NW hosts at least two IR sources and a
bipolar molecular outflow of ~0.9 pc of length and ~0.5 solar masses. We show
that the cometary structure of both clouds has been created by the UV radiation
from numerous OB stars lying ~1.5 degree to the north. Such OB stars are
associated with the double cluster h and chi Persei, and are probably members
of the PerOB1 association. Thus star formation inside these clouds has been
very likely triggered by the Radiation Driven Implosion (RDI) mechanism. From
comparison to RDI theoretical models, we find that the similar kinematics and
morphology of both clouds is well explained if they are at a re-expansion
phase. Triggered sequential star formation also explains the observed spatial
distribution of the members of the near-IR cluster inside the RNO6 cloud, and
the morphology of the H2 filament. We conclude that the RNO6 and RNO6NW clouds
are high-mass counterparts to the cometary globules of smaller masses which
have been studied up to now. Thus our observations demonstrate that the RDI
mechanism can produce, not only low mass stars in small globules, but also
intermediate mass stars and clusters in massive clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169250 </DOCNO>
Substituting a qubit for an arbitrarily large amount of classical


  We show that a qubit can be used to substitute for an arbitrarily large
amount of classical communication. We consider a physical system S interacting
locally with a classical field phi(x) as it travels directly from point A to
point B. The field has the property that its integrated value is an integer
multiple of some constant. The problem is to determine whether the integer is
odd or even. This task can be performed perfectly if S is a qubit. On the other
hand, if S is a classical system then we show that it must carry an arbitrarily
large amount of classical information. We identify the physical reason for such
a huge quantum advantage, and show that it also implies a large difference
between the size of quantum and classical memories necessary for some
computations. We also present a simple proof that no finite amount of one-way
classical communication can perfectly simulate the effect of quantum
entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179095 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Contributions to the Photon Asymmetry in Deuteron


  The cross section asymmetry $\Sigma$ in deuteron disintegration with linearly
polarized light is considered in the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter formalism.
Relativistic contributions to the asymmetry are investigated within the
approximation, which takes into account the one-body part of the
electromagnetic current operator and the dominant positive-energy partial
amplitudes of the Bethe-Salpeter vertex function of the deuteron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 110 </DOCNO>
On the inverse problem for the multiple small-angle neutron scattering


  We consider the small-angle multiple neutron scattering and a possibility of
its model-free analysis by the inverse problem method. We show that the
ill-defined problem is essentially regularized by use of a planar detector
without a "beam-stop" facility. We analyze the obtained expressions with the
examples of different models of scatterers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126718 </DOCNO>
Backwards galaxy formation with only a few parameters


  We present a simple phenomenological model of star formation in galaxies that
describes the process with a set of a few parameters. The star formation
efficiency and the fraction of gas and metals ejected in outflows are assumed
to be the main drivers of star formation. The Tully-Fisher and the
Faber-Jackson relations in different passbands are used as constraints in the
analysis of disk and elliptical galaxies, respectively. We find that a steep
correlation between efficiency and maximum rotation velocity is needed in disk
systems, whereas elliptical galaxies can be explained by a high star formation
efficiency, uncorrelated with the central velocity dispersion. Gas outflows are
not important in disks, whereas a correlation of outflows with galaxy mass must
be invoked in early-type galaxies to account for the observed colors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 212 </DOCNO>
Exact solution of a class of one-dimensional nonequilibrium stochastic


  We consider various one-dimensional non-equilibrium models, namely the {\it
diffusion-limited pair-annihilation and creation model}
 (DPAC) and its unbiased version (the Lushnikov's model), the DPAC model with
particle injection (DPACI), as well as (biased) diffusion-limited coagulation
model (DC). We study the DPAC model using an approach based on a duality
transformation and the generating function of the dual model. We are able to
compute exactly the density and correlation functions in the general case with
arbitrary initial states. Further, we assume that a source injects particles in
the system. Solving, via the duality transformation, the equations of motions
of the density and the non-instantaneous two-point correlation functions, we
see how the source affects the dynamics. Finally we extend the previous results
to the DC model with help of a {\it similarity transformation}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 956 </DOCNO>
Notes on Black Hole Phase Transitions


  In these notes we present a summary of existing ideas about phase transitions
of black hole spacetimes in semiclassical gravity and offer some thoughts on
three possible scenarios by which these transitions could take place. Our first
theme is ilustrated by a quantum atomic black hole system, generalizing to
finite-temperature a model originally offered by Bekenstein. In this
equilibrium atomic model, the black hole phase transition is realized as the
abrupt excitation of a high energy state, suggesting analogies with the study
of two-level atoms. Our second theme argues that the black hole system shares
similarities with the defect-mediated Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in
condensed matter. These similarities suggest that the black hole phase
transition may be more fully understood by focusing upon the dynamics of black
holes and white holes, the spacetime analogy of vortex and anti-vortex
topological defects. Finally we compare the black hole phase transition to
another transition driven by an exponentially increasing density of states, the
Hagedorn transition first found in hadron physics in the context of dual models
or the old string theory. In modern string theory, the Hagedorn transition is
linked by the Maldacena conjecture to the Hawking-Page black hole phase
transition in Anti-deSitter space, as observed by Witten. Understanding the
dynamics of the Hagedorn transition may thus yield insight into the dynamics of
the black hole phase transition. We argue that characteristics of the Hagedorn
transition are already contained within classical string systems where a
nonperturbative and dynamical analysis is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97769 </DOCNO>
Framed knots at large N


  We study the framing dependence of the Wilson loop observable of U(N)
Chern-Simons gauge theory at large N. Using proposed geometrical large N dual,
this leads to a direct computation of certain topological string amplitudes in
a closed form. This yields new formulae for intersection numbers of cohomology
classes on moduli of Riemann surfaces with punctures (including all the
amplitudes of pure topological gravity in two dimensions). The reinterpretation
of these computations in terms of BPS degeneracies of domain walls leads to
novel integrality predictions for these amplitudes. Moreover we find evidence
that large N dualities are more naturally formulated in the context of U(N)
gauge theories rather than SU(N).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41189 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Physics Resource Book for Snowmass 2001 - Part 4:


  This Resource Book reviews the physics opportunities of a next-generation
e+e- linear collider and discusses options for the experimental program. Part 4
discusses options for the linear collider program, at a number of levels.
First, it presents a broad review of physics beyond the Standard Model,
indicating how the linear collider is relevant to each possible pathway. Next,
it surveys options for the accelerator and experimental plan, including the
questions of the running scenario, the issue of one or two interaction regions,
and the options for positron polarization, photon-photon collisions, and e-e-
collisions. Finally, it reviews the detector design issues for the linear
collider and presents three possible detector designs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 187 </DOCNO>
Dynamical properties of Au from tight-binding molecular-dynamics


  We studied the dynamical properties of Au using our previously developed
tight-binding method. Phonon-dispersion and density-of-states curves at T=0 K
were determined by computing the dynamical-matrix using a supercell approach.
In addition, we performed molecular-dynamics simulations at various
temperatures to obtain the temperature dependence of the lattice constant and
of the atomic mean-square-displacement, as well as the phonon density-of-states
and phonon-dispersion curves at finite temperature. We further tested the
transferability of the model to different atomic environments by simulating
liquid gold. Whenever possible we compared these results to experimental
values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169065 </DOCNO>
Geometric Strategy for the Optimal Quantum Search


  We explore quantum search from the geometric viewpoint of a complex
projective space $CP$, a space of rays. First, we show that the optimal quantum
search can be geometrically identified with the shortest path along the
geodesic joining a target state, an element of the computational basis, and
such an initial state as overlaps equally, up to phases, with all the elements
of the computational basis. Second, we calculate the entanglement through the
algorithm for any number of qubits $n$ as the minimum Fubini-Study distance to
the submanifold formed by separable states in Segre embedding, and find that
entanglement is used almost maximally for large $n$. The computational time
seems to be optimized by the dynamics as the geodesic, running across entangled
states away from the submanifold of separable states, rather than the amount of
entanglement itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150071 </DOCNO>
Binding Energy in Two and Three-Body Relativistic Dynamics


  Two-body and three-body systems of scalar bosons are considered in the
framework of covariant constraint dynamics. The reduced equation obtained after
eliminating redundant degrees of freedom can be viewed as an eigenvalue
equation for an observable which is intimately related with the relative
motion. We display the connection of this observable with binding energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6949 </DOCNO>
On the construction of high-order force gradient algorithms for


  A consequent approach is proposed to construct symplectic force-gradient
algorithms of arbitrarily high orders in the time step for precise integration
of motion in classical and quantum mechanics simulations. Within this approach
the basic algorithms are first derived up to the eighth order by direct
decompositions of exponential propagators and further collected using an
advanced composition scheme to obtain the algorithms of higher orders. Contrary
to the scheme by Chin and Kidwell [Phys. Rev. E 62, 8746 (2000)], where
high-order algorithms are introduced by standard iterations of a force-gradient
integrator of order four, the present method allows to reduce the total number
of expensive force and its gradient evaluations to a minimum. At the same time,
the precision of the integration increases significantly, especially with
increasing the order of the generated schemes. The algorithms are tested in
molecular dynamics and celestial mechanics simulations. It is shown, in
particular, that the efficiency of the new fourth-order-based algorithms is
better approximately in factors 5 to 1000 for orders 4 to 12, respectively. The
results corresponding to sixth- and eighth-order-based composition schemes are
also presented up to the sixteenth order. For orders 14 and 16, such highly
precise schemes, at considerably smaller computational costs, allow to reduce
unphysical deviations in the total energy up in 100 000 times with respect to
those of the standard fourth-order-based iteration approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127263 </DOCNO>
High Mass, OB Star Formation in M51 : HST Halpha and Palpha Imaging


  (first paragraph) We have obtained Halpha and Palpha emission line images
covering the central 3 - 4 arcmin of M51 using the WFPC2 and NICMOS cameras on
HST to study the high-mass stellar population. The 0.1 - 0.2 arcsec pixels
provide 4.6 - 9 pc resolution in M51 and the Halpha/Palpha line ratios are used
to obtain extinction estimates. A sample of 1373 Halpha emission regions is
catalogued using an automated and uniform measurement algorithm. Their sizes
are typically 10 - 100 pc. The luminosity function for the Halpha emission
regions is obtained over the range L_{Halpha} = 10^{36} to 2 times 10^{39} erg
s{-1}. The luminosity function is fit well by a power law with dN/dlnL
proportional to L^{-1.01}). The power law is significantly truncated and no
regions were found with observed L_{Halpha} above 2 times 10^{39} erg s^{-1}
(uncorrected for extinction; the maximum seen in ground-based studies is
approximately a factor of 5 higher, very likely due to blending of multiple
regions). The extinctions derived here increase the maximum intrinsic
luminosity to above 10^{40} erg s^{-1}). The logarithmically binned luminosity
function is also somewhat steeper (alpha = -1.01) than that found ground-based
imaging (alpha = -0.5 to -0.8)
 - probably also a result of our resolving regions which were blended in the
ground-based images. The 2-point correlation function for the HII regions
exhibits strong clustering on scales <= 2 arcsec or 96 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4579 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic magnetization jumps due to independent magnons in frustrated


  For a class of frustrated spin lattices including the kagome lattice we
construct exact eigenstates consisting of several independent, localized
one-magnon states and argue that they are ground states for high magnetic
fields. If the maximal number of local magnons scales with the number of spins
in the system, which is the case for the kagome lattice, the effect persists in
the thermodynamic limit and gives rise to a macroscopic jump in the
zero-temperature magnetization curve just below the saturation field. The
effect decreases with increasing spin quantum number and vanishes in the
classical limit. Thus it is a true macroscopic quantum effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83999 </DOCNO>
Visual DCT - Visual EPICS Database Configuration Tool


  Visual DCT is an EPICS configuration tool completely written in Java and
therefore supported in various systems. It was developed to provide features
missing in existing configuration tools as Capfast and GDCT. Visually Visual
DCT resembles GDCT - records can be created, moved and linked, fields and links
can be easily modified. But Visual DCT offers more: using groups, records can
be grouped together in a logical block, which allows a hierarchical design.
Additionally indication of data flow direction using arrows makes the design
easier to understand. Visual DCT has a powerful DB parser, which allows
importing existing DB and DBD files. Output file is also DB file, all comments
and record order is preserved and visual data saved as comment, which allows
DBs to be edited in other tools or manually. Great effort has been taken and
many tricks used to optimize the performance in order to compensate for the
fact that Java is an interpreted language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169551 </DOCNO>
Geometric observation for the Bures fidelity between two states of a


  In this Brief Report, we present a geometric observation for the Bures
fidelity between two states of a qubit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149485 </DOCNO>
On Relation between Two Models of Gauge Field Localization on a Brane


  We discuss the relation between two different models which are recently
proposed as the model of localizing bulk gauge fields on a brane. In the former
model, the localization of gauge field is achieved by adding both bulk and
boundary mass terms while in the latter, it is done by taking into
consideration the coupling between the gauge field and the dilaton field (this
model is also regarded as the gauge theory with nontrivial dielectric
``constant''). We make a certain transformation for the gauge field in the
latter Lagrangian. As the result, we find those two models are closely related
to each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96806 </DOCNO>
On embedding models of arithmetic of cardinality aleph_1 into reduced


  In the early 1970's S.Tennenbaum proved that all countable models of PA^- +
forall_1-Th(N) are embeddable into the reduced product N^omega/F, where F is
the cofinite filter. In this paper we show that if M is a model of PA^- +
forall_1-Th(N), and |M|= aleph_1, then M is embeddable into N^omega/D, where D
is any regular filter on omega.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179065 </DOCNO>
Coulomb versus nuclear break-up of 11Be halo nucleus in a non


  The 11Be break-up is calculated using a non perturbative time-dependent
quantum calculation. The evolution of the neutron halo wave function shows an
emission of neutron at large angles for grazing impact parameters and at
forward angles for large impact parameters. The neutron angular distribution is
deduced for the different targets and compared to experimental data. We
emphasize the diversity of diffraction mechanisms, in particular we discuss the
interplay of the nuclear effects such as the towing mode and the Coulomb
break-up. A good agreement is found with experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81472 </DOCNO>
On the possibility of the critical behavior of LGT in the area of


  Coupling dependence on lattice spacing and size is estimated analytically at
\beta -> \infty region where for a->0 the critical area is shifted in
accordance with Callan-Symanzik relation. In considered approximation no trace
of critical behavior is found in this area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 201 </DOCNO>
Imprinted Networks as Chiral Pumps


  We investigate the interaction between a chirally imprinted network and a
solvent of chiral molecules. We find, a liquid crystalline polymer network is
preferentially swollen by one component of a racemic solvent. This ability to
separate is linked to the chiral order parameter of the network, and can be
reversibly controlled via temperature or a mechanical deformation. It is
maximal near the point at which the network loses its imprinted structure. One
possible practical application of this effect would be a mechanical device for
sorting mixed chiral molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73688 </DOCNO>
Hint for axial-vector contact interactions in the data on e+e- ->


  For the first time the experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL have presented
preliminary results for fermion-pair production in e+e- collisions on the full
data set above the Z pole. A combined analysis of the Bhabha scattering
measurements is performed to search for effects of contact interactions. In the
case of two axial-vector (AA) currents the best fit to the data is 2.6 standard
deviations away from the Standard Model expectation, corresponding to an energy
scale $\Lambda = 10.3^{+2.8}_{-1.6}$ TeV for contact interactions. For other
models no statistically significant deviations are observed, and the data are
used to set lower limits at 95 % confidence level on the contact interaction
scales ranging from 8.2 to 21.3 TeV, depending on the helicity structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126457 </DOCNO>
Spectra of binaries classified as lambda Boo stars


  High angular resolution observations have shown that some stars classified as
lambda Boo are binaries with low values of angular separation and magnitude
difference of the components; therefore the observed spectrum of these objects
is a combination of those of the two components. These composite spectra have
been used to define spectroscopic criteria able to detect other binaries among
stars classified as lambda Boo. The application of this method to HD 111786 is
presented: the contribution of 5 components to the observed spectrum is
demonstrated by the shape of the O I 7774 Angstrom feature. This result makes
unreliable any attempt to perform an abundance analysis of this object which
therefore must be definitely rejected from the class of the peculiar lambda Boo
stars. This approach allowed us also to recognize that the SB2 star HD 153808
is in reality a triple system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97335 </DOCNO>
Some ugly aleph_1-free abelian groups


  Given an aleph_1-free abelian group G we characterize the class C_G of all
torsion abelian groups T satisfying Ext(G,T)=0 assuming the continuum
hypothesis CH. Moreover, in Godel's constructable universe we prove that this
characterizes C_G for arbitrary torsion-free abelian G. It follows that there
exist some ugly aleph_1-free abelian groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76677 </DOCNO>
Production of Spinning Black Holes at colliders


  When the Planck scale is as low as TeV scale, there will be chances to
produce Black holes (BH's) at future colliders. Generally, BH's produced via
pariticle collisions could have non-zero angular momentum. We estimate the
production cross section of spinning and non-spinning BH's for future
colliders. Although the production cross section for the rotating BH is much
suppressed by angular momentum dependent factor, the total cross section could
be $\sim 2 -3$ times enhanced for the case of $\delta =4-6$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95968 </DOCNO>
Analytic moduli spaces of simple (co)framed sheaves


  Let X be a complex space and F a coherent O_X-module. A F-(co)framed} sheaf
on X is a pair (E,f) with a coherent O_X-module E and a morphism of coherent
sheaves f : F -> E (resp. f : E -> F). Two such pairs (E,f) and (E',f') are
said to be isomorphic if there exists an isomorphism of sheaves g : E -> E'
such that gof = f' (resp. f'og = f). A pair (E,f) is called simple if its only
automorphism is the identity on E. In this note we prove a representability
theorem in a relative framework, which implies in particular that there is a
moduli space of simple F-(co)framed sheaves on a given compact complex space X.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123820 </DOCNO>
Circumstellar Disks in the IC 348 Cluster


  We report the results of the first sensitive L-band (3.4 micron) imaging
survey of the young IC 348 cluster in Perseus. In conjunction with previously
acquired JHK (1.25, 1.65, 2.2 micron) observations, we use L-band data to
obtain a census of the circumstellar disk population to m_K=m_L<=12.0 in the
central 110 square arcmin region of the cluster. An analysis of the JHKL colors
of 107 sources indicates that 65% +/- 8% of the cluster membership possesses
(inner) disks. This fraction is lower than those (86% +/- 8% and 80% +/- 7%)
obtained from similar JHKL surveys of the younger NGC 2024 and Trapezium
clusters, suggesting that the disk fraction in clusters decreases with cluster
age. Sources with circumstellar disks in IC 348 have a median age of 0.9 Myr,
while the diskless sources have a median age of 1.4 Myr, for a cluster distance
of 320 pc. Although the difference in the median ages between the two
populations is only marginally significant, our results suggest that over a
timescale of 2 - 3 Myr, more than a third of the disks in the IC 348 cluster
disappear. Moreover, we find that at a very high confidence level, the disk
fraction is a function of spectral type. All stars earlier than G appear
diskless, while stars with spectral types G and later have a disk fraction
ranging between 50% - 67%, with the latest type stars having the higher disk
fraction. This suggests that the disks around stars with spectral types G and
earlier have evolved more rapidly than those with later spectral types. The
L-band disk fraction for sources with similar ages in both IC 348 and Taurus is
the same, within the errors, suggesting that, at least in clusters with no O
stars, the disk lifetime is independent of environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125700 </DOCNO>
The lower boundary of the accretion column in magnetic cataclysmic


  Using a parameterised function for the mass loss at the base of the
post-shock region, we have constructed a formulation for magnetically confined
accretion flows which avoids singularities, such as the infinity in density, at
the base associated with all previous formulations. With the further inclusion
of a term allowing for the heat input into the base from the accreting white
dwarf we are able also to obtain the hydrodynamic variables to match the
conditions in the stellar atmosphere. (We do not, however, carry out a mutually
consistent analysis for the match). Changes to the emitted X-ray spectra are
negligible unless the thickness of mass leakage region at the base approaches
or exceeds one percent of the height of the post-shock region. In this case the
predicted spectra from higher-mass white dwarfs will be harder, and fits to
X-ray data will predict lower white-dwarf masses than previous formulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1450 </DOCNO>
Novel Phases in the Field Induced Spin Density Wave State in


  Magnetoresistance measurements on the quasi one-dimensional organic conductor
(TMTSF)_2PF_6 performed in magnetic fields B up to 16T, temperatures T down to
0.12K and under pressures P up to 14kbar have revealed new phases on its P-B-T
phase diagram. We found a new boundary which subdivides the field induced spin
density wave (FISDW) phase diagram into two regions. We showed that a
low-temperature region of the FISDW diagram is characterized by a hysteresis
behavior typical for the first order transitions, as observed in a number of
studies. In contrast to the common believe, in high temperature region of the
FISDW phase diagram, the hysteresis and, hence, the first order transitions
were found to disappear. Nevertheless, sharp changes in the resistivity slope
are observed both in the low and high temperature domains indicating that the
cascade of transitions between different subphases exists over all range of the
FISDW state. We also found that the temperature dependence of the resistance
(at a constant B) changes sign at about the same boundary. We compare these
results with recent theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97352 </DOCNO>
Duality and self-duality for dynamical quantum groups


  We define a natural concept of duality for the h-Hopf algebroids introduced
by Etingof and Varchenko. We prove that the special case of the trigonometric
SL(2) dynamical quantum group is self-dual, and may therefore be viewed as a
deformation both of the function algebra F(SL(2)) and of the enveloping algebra
U(sl(2)). Matrix elements of the self-duality in the Peter-Weyl basis are
6j-symbols; this leads to a new algebraic interpretation of the hexagon
identity or quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation for quantum and classical
6j-symbols.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128416 </DOCNO>
Clustering in the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey


  We utilize a sample of galaxy clusters at 0.35<z<0.6 drawn from the Las
Campanas Distant Cluster Survey (LCDCS) to provide the first non-local
constraint on the cluster-cluster spatial correlation function. The LCDCS
catalog, which covers an effective area of 69 square degrees, contains over
1000 cluster candidates. Estimates of the redshift and velocity dispersion
exist for all candidates, which enables construction of statistically
completed, volume-limited subsamples. In this analysis we measure the angular
correlation function for four such subsamples at z~0.5. After correcting for
contamination, we then derive spatial correlation lengths via Limber inversion.
We find that the resulting correlation lengths depend upon mass, as
parameterized by the mean cluster separation, in a manner that is consistent
with both local observations and CDM predictions for the clustering strength at
z=0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168245 </DOCNO>
Bound entangled states with not positive partial transposition exist


  The paper has been withdrawn by the author due to crucial error in formula
(14) which does not satisfy conditions for S(x,y) domain if only d>2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41825 </DOCNO>
Dijet photoproduction at HERA and the structure of the photon


  The dijet cross section in photoproduction has been measured with the ZEUS
detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb$^{-1}$. The events
were required to have a virtuality of the incoming photon, $Q^2$, of less than
1 GeV$^2$ and a photon-proton centre-of-mass energy in the range $134 <
W_{\gamma p} < 277$ GeV. Each event contains at least two jets satisfying
transverse-energy requirements of $E_{T}^{\rm jet1}>14$ GeV and $E_{T}^{\rm
jet2}>11$ GeV and pseudorapidity requirements of $-1<\eta^{\rm jet1,2}<2.4$.
The measurements are compared to next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. The
data show particular sensitivity to the density of partons in the photon,
allowing the validity of the current parameterisations to be tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98553 </DOCNO>
A Burns-Epstein invariant for ACHE 4-manifolds


  We define a renormalized characteristic class for Einstein asymptotically
complex hyperbolic (ACHE) manifolds of dimension 4: for any such manifold, the
polynomial in the curvature associated to the characteristic class
euler-3signature is shown to converge. This extends a work of Burns and Epstein
in the Kahler-Einstein case. The invariant we obtain is related to the
topological number euler-3signature and to contributions depending only on the
CR structure at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149022 </DOCNO>
D-instanton probes of N=2 non-conformal geometries


  D-instanton calculus has proved to be able to probe the AdS near horizon
geometry for $N$ D-branes systems which, when decoupled from gravity, yield
four dimensional superconformal gauge theories with various matter content. In
this work we extend previous analysis to encompass fractional brane models
which give rise to non conformal N=2 Super Yang-Mills theories. Via D-instanton
calculus we study the geometry of such models for finite $N$ and recover the
$\beta$ function of the gauge coupling constants which is expected in non
conformal gauge theories. We also give a topological matrix theory formulation
for the D-instanton action of these theories. Finally, we revisit the related
system where the D3-branes wrap a ${\real}^4/{\zet}_p$ orbifold singularity and
the D(-1) branes are associated to instanton solutions of four-dimensional
gauge theories in the blown down ALE space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83897 </DOCNO>
Is Patent Law Technology Specific?


  Although patent law purports to cover all manner of technologies, we have
noticed recent divergence in the standards applied to biotechnology and to
software patents: the Federal Circuit has applied a very permissive standard of
obviousness in biotechnology, but a highly restrictive disclosure requirement.
The opposite holds true for software patents, which seems to us exactly
contrary to sound policy for either industry. These patent standards are
grounded in the legal fiction of the "person having ordinary skill in the art"
or PHOSITA. We discuss the appropriateness of the PHOSITA standard, concluding
that it properly lends flexibility to the patent system. We then discuss the
difficulty of applying this standard in different industries, offering
suggestions as to how it might be modified to avoid the problems seen in
biotechnology and software patents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72886 </DOCNO>
Strangeness in the nucleon: neutrino-nucleon and polarized


  After the EMC and subsequent experiments at CERN, SLAC and DESY on the deep
inelastic scattering of polarized leptons on polarized nucleons, it is now
established that the Q^2=0 value of the axial strange form factor of the
nucleon, a quantity which is connected with the spin of the proton and is quite
relevant from the theoretical point of view, is relatively large.
  In this review we consider different methods and observables that allow to
obtain information on the strange axial and vector form factors of the nucleon
at different values of Q^2. These methods are based on the investigation of the
Neutral Current induced effects such as the P-odd asymmetry in the scattering
of polarized electrons on protons and nuclei, the elastic neutrino
(antineutrino) scattering on protons and the quasi-elastic neutrino
(antineutrino) scattering on nuclei. We discuss in details the phenomenology of
these processes and the existing experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3068 </DOCNO>
Random-Mass Dirac Fermions in an Imaginary Vector Potential (II):


  In the previous paper, we studied the random-mass Dirac fermion in one
dimension by using the transfer-matrix methods and by introducing an imaginary
vector potential in order to calculate the localization lengths. Especially we
considered effects of the nonlocal but short-range correlations of the random
mass. In this paper, we shall study effects of the long-range correlations of
the random mass especially on the delocalization transition. The results depend
on how randomness is introduced in the Dirac mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126845 </DOCNO>
The dust temperature distribution in prestellar cores


  We have computed the dust temperature distribution to be expected in a
pre-protostellar core in the phase prior to the onset of gravitational
instability. We have done this in the approximation that the heating of the
dust grains is solely due to the attenuated external radiation field and that
the core is optically thin to its own radiation. This permits us to consider
non spherically symmetric geometries. We predict the intensity distributions of
our model cores at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths and compare with
observations of the well studied object L1544. We have also developed an
analytical approximation for the temperature at the center of spherically
symmetric cores and we compare this with the numerical calculations. Our
results show (in agreement with Evans et al. 2001) that the temperatures in the
nuclei of cores of high visual extinction (> 30 magnitudes) are reduced to
values of below ~8 K or roughly half of the surface temperature. This has the
consequence that maps at wavelengths shortward of 1.3 mm see predominantly the
low density exterior of pre-protostellar cores. It is extremely difficult to
deduce the true density distribution from such maps alone. We have computed the
intensity distribution expected on the basis of the models of Ciolek & Basu
(2000) and compared with the observations of L1544. The agreement is good with
a preference for higher inclinations (37 degrees instead of 16) than that
adopted by Ciolek & Basu (2000). We find that a simple extension of the
analytic approximation allows a reasonably accurate calculation of the dust
temperature as a function of radius in cores with density distributions
approximating those expected for Bonnor-Ebert spheres and suggest that this may
be a useful tool for future calculations of the gas temperature in such cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41843 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of a Constrained Standard Model from an Extra Dimension


  We describe a highly predictive model for supersymmetry breaking in 5
dimensions. We develop its phenomenology and the capabilities for discovery and
measurement at various colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150037 </DOCNO>
On decoupled theories in (5+1) dimensions from (F,D1,NS5,D5)


  It is well-known that ($N$, $M$) 5-branes of type IIB supergravity form a
non-threshold bound state with ($N'$, $M'$) strings called the (F, D1, NS5, D5)
bound state where the strings lie along one of the spatial directions of the
5-branes (hep-th/9905056). By taking low energy limits in appropriate ways on
this supergravity configuration, we obtain the supergravity duals of various
decoupled theories in (5+1) dimensions corresponding to noncommutative open
string (NCOS) theory, open D-string (OD1) theory and open D5-brane (OD5)
theory. We then study the $SL(2, Z)$ transformation properties of these
theories. We show that when the asymptotic value of the axion ($\chi_0$) is
rational (for which $\chi_0$ can be put to zero), NCOS theory is always related
to OD1 theory by strong-weak or S-duality symmetry. We also discuss the
self-duality conjecture (hep-th/0006062) of both NCOS and OD1 theories. On the
other hand, when $\chi_0$ is irrational, we find that $SL(2, Z)$ duality on
NCOS theory gives another NCOS theory with different values of the parameters,
but for OD1 theory $SL(2,Z)$ duality always gives an NCOS theory. $SL(2, Z)$
transformation on OD5 theory reveals that it gives rise to Little String Theory
(LST) when $\chi_0$ = rational, but it gives another OD5 theory with different
values of the parameters when $\chi_0$ is irrational.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 181 </DOCNO>
Variational study of the Holstein polaron


  The paper deals with the ground and the first excited state of the polaron in
the one dimensional Holstein model. Various variational methods are used to
investigate both the weak coupling and strong coupling case, as well as the
crossover regime between them. Two of the methods, which are presented here for
the first time, introduce interesting elements to the understanding of the
nature of the polaron. Reliable numerical evidence is found that, in the strong
coupling regime, the ground and the first excited state of the self-trapped
polaron are well described within the adiabatic limit. The lattice vibration
modes associated with the self-trapped polarons are analyzed in detail, and the
frequency softening of the vibration mode at the central site of the small
polaron is estimated. It is shown that the first excited state of the system in
the strong coupling regime corresponds to the excitation of the soft phonon
mode within the polaron. In the crossover regime, the ground and the first
excited state of the system can be approximated by the anticrossing of the
self-trapped and the delocalized polaron state. In this way, the connection
between the behavior of the ground and the first excited state is qualitatively
explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6009 </DOCNO>
Two dimensional self-avoiding walk with hydrogen-like bonding: Phase


  The phase diagram for a two-dimensional self-avoiding walk model on the
square lattice incorporating attractive short-ranged interactions between
parallel sections of walk is derived using numerical transfer matrix
techniques. The model displays a collapse transition. In contrast to the
standard $\theta$-point model, the transition is first order. The phase diagram
in the full fugacity-temperature plane displays an additional transition line,
when compared to the $\theta$-point model, as well as a critical transition at
finite temperature in the hamiltonian walk limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75747 </DOCNO>
Diquark condensation in dense adjoint matter


  We study SU(2) lattice gauge theory at non-zero chemical potential with one
staggered quark flavor in the adjoint representation. In this model the fermion
determinant, although real, can be both positive and negative. We have
performed numerical simulations using both hybrid Monte Carlo and two-step
multibosonic algorithms, the latter being capable of exploring sectors with
either determinant sign. We find that the positive determinant sector behaves
like a two-flavor theory, with the chiral condensate rotating into a two-flavor
diquark condensate for mu>m_pi/2, implying a superfluid ground state. Good
agreement is found with analytical predictions made using chiral perturbation
theory. In the `full' model there is no sign of either onset of baryon density
or diquark condensation for the range of chemical potentials we have
considered. The impact of the sign problem has prevented us from exploring the
true onset transition and the mode of diquark condensation, if any, for this
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6635 </DOCNO>
ARPES Spectra of the Hubbard model


  We discuss spectra calculated for the 2D Hubbard model in the intermediate
coupling regime with the dynamical cluster approximation, which is a
non-perturbative approach. We find a crossover from a normal Fermi liquid with
a Fermi surface closed around the Brillouin zone center at large doping to a
non-Fermi liquid for small doping. The crossover is signalled by a splitting of
the Fermi surface around the $X$ point of the 2D Brillouin zone, which
eventually leads to a hole-like Fermi surface closed around the point M. The
topology of the Fermi surface at low doping indicates a violation of
Luttinger's theorem. We discuss different ways of presenting the spectral data
to extract information about the Fermi surface. A comparison to recent
experiments will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97820 </DOCNO>
A Multiplicity Result for the Linearschrodinger-Maxwell Equations with


  In this paper it is proved the existence of a sequence of radial solutions
with negative energy of the linear Schr\"odinger-Maxwell equations under the
action of a negative potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74046 </DOCNO>
A Grand Canonical Ensemble Approach to the Thermodynamic Properties of


  In this paper, we put forward a way to study the nucleon's thermodynamic
properties such as its temperature, entropy and so on, without inputting any
free parameters by human hand, even the nucleon's mass and radius. First we use
the Lagrangian density of the quark gluon coupling fields to deduce the Dirac
Equation of the quarks confined in the gluon fields. By boundary conditions we
solve the wave functions and energy eigenvalues of the quarks, and thus get
energy-momentum tensor, nucleon mass, and density of states. Then we utilize a
hybrid grand canonical ensemble, to generate the temperature and chemical
potentials of quarks, antiquarks of three flovars by the four conservation laws
of the energy and the valence quark numbers, after which, all other
thermodynamic properties are known. The only seemed free paremeter, the nucleon
radius is finally determined by the grand potential minimal principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6484 </DOCNO>
Electronic phase separation in lightly-doped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$


  The hole concentration dependence of the magnetic correlations is studied in
very lightly-doped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ ($x<$0.02), which shows coexistence
of a three-dimensional antiferromagnetic (AF) long-range ordered phase and a
spin-glass phase at low temperatures. It is found that the spin-glass phase in
the coexistence region also shows a diagonal spin modulation as in the pure
spin-glass phase in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ (0.02$\le x\le$0.055). Below
$x\sim$0.02 the diagonal stripe structure is the same as that in $x\sim$0.02
with a volume fraction almost proportional to hole concentration, suggesting
that electronic phase separation of the doped holes occurs so that some regions
with hole concentration $h_c\sim$0.02 and the rest with $h_c\sim$0 are formed.
This result also indicates that the transition between the AF and spin-glass
phase around $x$=0.02 is first order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2083 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulation of Liquid-Crystal Alignment and of Chiral


  We carry out Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the effect of molecular
shape on liquid-crystal order. In our approach, each model mesogen consists of
several soft spheres bonded rigidly together. The arrangement of the spheres
may be straight (to represent uniaxial molecules), Z-shaped (for biaxial
molecules), or banana-shaped (for bent-core molecules). Using this approach, we
investigate the alignment of the nematic phase by substrates decorated with
parallel ridges. We compare results for wide and narrow ridge spacing and
examine local order near the substrates, and show that our results are
consistent with the predictions of Landau theory. We also investigate chiral
symmetry-breaking in systems of bent-core molecules. We find a chiral
crystalline phase as well as a nonchiral smectic-A phase, but not a chiral
smectic-C phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126821 </DOCNO>
Molecular Gas and Star Formation in NGC 3077


  We present high resolution (~2.5'') CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) images of the central
kiloparsec of NGC 3077 made with the Owens Valley Millimeter Array. CO emission
is distributed in three major complexes which resolve into at least seven GMCs.
Two complexes are associated with the central starburst. A third, more distant
complex is not associated with strong star formation. The GMCs are ~70 pc in
size and contain ~10^{6} M_{\odot} of molecular gas. The Galactic conversion
factor appears applicable to NGC 3077, consistent with its solar metallicity.
Galactic rotation in NGC 3077 is detected for the first time in the molecular
gas. The molecular gas counterrotates with respect to the large scale HI tidal
bridge. The molecular clouds closest to the starburst have super-virial
linewidths, possibly related to the turbulence generated by the starburst. The
2.6 mm radio continuum flux indicates that thermal Bremsstrahlung dominates the
emission from the starburst region below 5 cm, and that the N_{Lyc} \simeq
3.7\times 10^{52} s^{-1} or ~3000 O7 stars, corresponds to a star formation
rate of 0.4 M_{\odot} yr^{-1}. At this rate the amount of molecular gas can
sustain star formation for only ~10 Myrs; thus NGC 3077 is a true starburst
galaxy. The derived age of the starburst is consistent with the inferred ages
of the superbubbles, which suggests that the burst is much younger than the age
of the M 81-M 82-NGC 3077 interaction. We suggest that it is caused by gas that
was pulled out of NGC 3077 during the interaction with M 81, raining back down
onto the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7341 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of Flux Pinning in Neutron Irradiated MgB$_{2}$


  m-H loops for virgin and neutron irradiated bulk and powder samples of
MgB_{2} were measured in the temperature range 5-30 K in magnetic field B<= 1
T. The irradiation at thermal neutron fluences 9*10^{13} and 4.5*10^{14}
cm^{-2} caused very small enhancement of m-H loops at lower temperatures (T<20
K), whereas the effect at high temperatures was unclear due to difficulty in
achieving exactly the same measurement temperature prior and after irradiation.
However, the irradiation at 4.5*10^{15} cm^{-2} produced clear enhancement of
m-H loops (hence J_{c}) at all investigated temperatures, which provides the
evidence for the enhancement of flux pinning in MgB_{2} due to ion tracks
resulting from n+^{10}B reaction. The potential of this technique for the
enhancement of flux pinning in high temperature superconductors is briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41063 </DOCNO>
Observation of tau neutrino charged-current interactions


  The DONUT collaboration has observed four events in a hybrid emulsion
spectrometer consistent with tau neutrino charged-current interactions. The
resulting tau lepton is identified by its decay into a single charged particle.
The expected background of charm decays and secondary interactions is .34 +/-
>.05 events. The probability that all tau neutrino candidates are due to
background proceesses is 1.1 x 10-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98326 </DOCNO>
D-Brane Stability and Monodromy


  We review the idea of Pi-stability for B-type D-branes on a Calabi-Yau
manifold. It is shown that the octahedral axiom from the theory of derived
categories is an essential ingredient in the study of stability. Various
examples in the context of the quintic Calabi-Yau threefold are studied and we
plot the lines of marginal stability in several cases. We derive the conjecture
of Kontsevich, Horja and Morrison for the derived category version of monodromy
around a "conifold" point. Finally, we propose an application of these ideas to
the study of supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125432 </DOCNO>
Transport of Magnetic Fields in Convective, Accreting Supernova Cores


  We consider the amplification and transport of a magnetic field in the
collapsed core of a massive star, including both the region between the
neutrinosphere and the shock, and the central, opaque core. An analytical
argument explains why rapid convective overturns persist within a newly formed
neutron star for roughly 10 seconds ($> 10^3$ overturns), consistent with
recent numerical models. A dynamical balance between turbulent and magnetic
stresses within this convective layer corresponds to flux densities in excess
of $10^{15}$G. Material accreting onto the core is heated by neutrinos and also
becomes strongly convective. We compare the expected magnetic stresses in this
convective `gain layer' with those deep inside the neutron core.
  Buoyant motions of magnetized fluid are greatly aided by the intense neutrino
flux. We calculate the transport rate through a medium containing free neutrons
protons, and electrons, in the limiting cases of degenerate or non-degenerate
nucleons. Fields stronger than $\sim 10^{13}$ G are able to rise through the
outer degenerate layers of the neutron core during the last stages of
Kelvin-Helmholtz cooling (up to 10 seconds post-collapse), even though these
layers have become stable to convection. We also find the equilibrium shape of
a thin magnetic flux rope in the dense hydrostatic atmosphere of the neutron
star, along with the critical separation of the footpoints above which the rope
undergoes unlimited expansion against gravity. The implications of these
results for pulsar magnetism are summarized, and applied to the case of late
fallback over the first 1,000-10,000 s of the life of a neutron star

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4847 </DOCNO>
Some words on the "phase transitions" in magnetic mesoscopic system


  "Phase transitions" between quantum and classical behaviour in large spin
magnetic systems discused.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2114 </DOCNO>
Itinerant metamagnetism and possible spin transition in LaCoO$_3$ by


  The electronic structure of the perovskite La$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$CoO$_3$ has been
obtained as a function of Sr substitution and volume from a series of
generalized-gradient-corrected, full-potential, spin-density-functional band
structure calculations. The energetics of different spin configurations are
estimated using the fixed-spin-moment (FSM) method. From the total energy vs
spin magnetic moment curve for LaCoO$_3$ the ground state is found to be
nonmagnetic with the Co ions in a low-spin (LS) state, a result that is
consistent with the experimental observations. Somewhat higher in energy, we
find an intermediate-spin (IS) state with spin moment $\sim$1.2 $\mu_{B}$/f.u.
  From the anomalous temperature dependent susceptibility along with the
observation of an IS state we predict metamagnetism in LaCoO$_3$ originating
from an LS-to-IS transition. The IS state is found to be metallic and the
high-spin (HS) state of LaCoO$_3$ is predicted to be a half-metallic
ferromagnet. With increasing temperature, which is simulated by a corresponding
change of the lattice parameters we have observed the disappearence of the
metamagnetic solution that is associated with the IS state. The FSM
calculations on La$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$CoO$_3$ suggest that the hole doping stabilizes
the IS state and the calculated magnetic moments are in good agreement with the
corresponding experimental values. Our calculations show that the HS state
cannot be stabilized by temperature or hole doping since the HS state is
significantly higher in energy than the LS or IS state. Hence the spin-state
transition in LaCoO$_3$ by temperature/hole doping is from an LS to an IS spin
state and the present work rules out the other possibilities reported in the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129004 </DOCNO>
Optical and near-infrared observations of Anomalous X-ray pulsars


  We present recent results of our program of deep optical and near-infrared
observations of AXPs. We find that the counterpart to AXP 4U 0142+61 has a
peculiar spectral energy distribution. The counterpart is remarkably bright in
the near-infrared, but is not detected in the B band. We also present the
possible detection of a second AXP counterpart, namely that of AXP 1E 2259+586.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76294 </DOCNO>
Physics at HERA II


  Deep inelastic electron proton scattering at HERA II will allow precise
studies of QCD and stringent tests of physics beyond the standard model. We
discuss these two aspects of DIS with emphasis on the regime of high gluon
densities at small $x$ and on scalar quark production in supersymmetric
theories with broken R-parity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148209 </DOCNO>
Locally Localized Gravity Models in Higher Dimensions


  We explore the possibility of generalizing the locally localized gravity
model in five space-time dimensions to arbitrary higher dimensions. In a
space-time with negative cosmological constant, there are essentially two kinds
of higher-dimensional cousins which not only take an analytic form but also are
free from the naked curvature singularity in a whole bulk space-time. One
cousin is a trivial extension of five-dimensional model, while the other one is
in essence in higher dimensions. One interesting observation is that in the
latter model, only anti-de Sitter ($AdS_p$) brane is physically meaningful
whereas de Sitter ($dS_p$) and Minkowski ($M_p$) branes are dismissed.
Moreover, for $AdS_p$ brane in the latter model, we study the property of
localization of various bulk fields on a single brane. In particular, it is
shown that the presence of the brane cosmological constant enables bulk gauge
field and massless fermions to confine to the brane only by a gravitational
interaction. We find a novel relation between mass of brane gauge field and the
brane cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128355 </DOCNO>
L Dwarfs Found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data II.


  Low dispersion optical spectra have been obtained with the Hobby-Eberly
Telescope of 22 very red objects found in early imaging data from the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey. The objects are assigned spectral types on the 2MASS system
(Kirkpatrick et al. 1999) and are found to range from late M to late L. The
red- and near-infrared colors from SDSS and 2MASS correlate closely with each
other, and most of the colors are closely related to spectral type in this
range; the exception is the (i^* - z^*) color, which appears to be independent
of spectral type between about M7 and L4. The spectra suggest that this
independence is due to the disappearance of the TiO and VO absorption in the
i-band for later spectral types; to the presence of strong Na I and K I
absorption in the i-band; and to the gradual disappearance of the 8400 Angstrom
absorption of TiO and FeH in the z-band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 134 </DOCNO>
Hydration of polyelectrolytes studied by molecular dynamics simulation


  Molecular dynamics simulations of diluted (~2.5 weight percent) aqueous
solutions of two polyelectrolytes, namely sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC)
and sodium poly(acrylate) (PAA) have been performed. Water and counterions were
taken into account explicitly. For CMC the substitution pattern and starting
conformation is all-important. Two simulations of CMC oligomers resulted in
different structures: One molecule takes a stretched conformation, while the
second one keeps a globule-like, toroidal one. PAA is stretched during the
whole simulation, with an average characteristic ratio of 8.3. On a local
atomistic scale CMC and PAA have different hydrogen-bond properties. The COO-
groups of PAA can only act as hydrogen bond acceptors, but due to the high
negative charge density there are still more water molecules assembled around
PAA than around CMC. There are 0.036 bonds/amu respectively 0.029 bonds/amu to
water for the two CMC oligomers, but more than twice as many for PAA: 0.083
bonds/amu. Beside intermolecular hydrogen bonding, there is a significant
amount of intramolecular H-bonding for CMC, which is influenced by the COO-
groups, which act as strong H-acceptor. In contrast to hydroxy- and carboxylic
groups, ether oxygens are hardly involved into hydrogen bonding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123391 </DOCNO>
Galactic Chemical Abundances at z>3 I: First Results from the Echellette


  We present the first results from an ongoing survey to discover and measure
the metallicity of z>3 damped Lya systems with the Echellette Spectrograph and
Imager (ESI) on the Keck II telescope. Our motivation arises from a recent
study on the damped Lya systems suggesting only mild evolution in the cosmic
metallicity from z~2 to 4. The Echellette Spectrograph and Imager, which
provides two complementary spectroscopic modes, is the ideal instrument for a
z>3 damped Lya survey. We describe our observing strategy and report on the
discovery and analysis of 5 new z>3 damped Lya systems acquired in a single
night of observing. These observations further support the principal
conclusions of the previous study: (1) the cosmic metallicity in neutral gas
inferred from the damped Lya systems does not evolve significantly from z~2 to
4; (2) the unweighted metallicity exhibits a statistically significant decrease
with increasing redshift; and (3) not a single damped Lya system has a
metallicity below [Fe/H]=-3. We discuss the implications of these results and
comment on recent theoretical studies which attempt to explain the
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5342 </DOCNO>
Antipersistent binary time series


  Completely antipersistent binary time series are sequences in which every
time that an $N$-bit string $\mu$ appears, the sequence is continued with a
different bit than at the last occurrence of $\mu$. This dynamics is phrased in
terms of a walk on a DeBruijn graph, and properties of transients and cycles
are studied. The predictability of the generated time series for an observer
who sees a longer or shorter time window is investigated also for sequences
that are not completely antipersistent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124613 </DOCNO>
Variable Interstellar Absorption toward the Halo Star HD 219188 -


  Within the last 10 years, strong, narrow Na I absorption has appeared at
v_sun ~ -38 km/s toward the halo star HD 219188; that absorption has continued
to strengthen, by a factor 2-3, over the past three years. The line of sight
appears to be moving into/through a relatively cold, quiescent intermediate
velocity (IV) cloud, due to the 13 mas/yr proper motion of HD 219188; the
variations in Na I probe length scales of 2-38 AU/yr. UV spectra obtained with
the HST GHRS in 1994-1995 suggest N(H_tot) ~ 4.8 X 10^{17} cm^{-2}, ``halo
cloud'' depletions, n_H ~ 25 cm^{-3}, and n_e ~ 0.85-6.2 cm^{-3} (if T ~ 100 K)
for the portion of the IV cloud sampled at that time. The relatively high
fractional ionization, n_e/n_H >~ 0.034, implies that hydrogen must be
partially ionized. The N(Na I)/N(H_tot) ratio is very high; in this case, the
variations in Na I do not imply large local pressures or densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148244 </DOCNO>
Consistent deformations method applied to a topological coupling of


  In this work we use the method of consistent deformations of the master
equation by Barnich and Henneaux in order to prove that an abelian topological
coupling between a zero and a two form fields in D=3 has no nonabelian
generalization. We conclude that a topologically massive model involving the
Kalb-Ramond two-form field does not admit a nonabelian generalization. The
introduction of a connection-type one form field keeps the previous result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6962 </DOCNO>
Symmetry characterization of eigenstates in opal-based photonic crystals


  The complete symmetry characterization of eigenstates in bare opal systems is
obtained by means of group theory. This symmetry assignment has allowed us to
identify several bands that cannot couple with an incident external plane wave.
Our prediction is supported by layer-KKR calculations, which are also
performed: the coupling coefficients between bulk modes and externally excited
field tend to zero when symmetry properties mismatch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5825 </DOCNO>
Fractal analysis of Sampled Profiles: Systematic Study


  A quantitative evaluation of the influence of sampling on the numerical
fractal analysis of experimental profiles is of critical importance. Although
this aspect has been widely recognized, a systematic analysis of the sampling
influence is still lacking. Here we present the results of a systematic
analysis of synthetic self-affine profiles in order to clarify the consequences
of the application of a poor sampling (up to 1000 points) typical of Scanning
Probe Microscopy for the characterization of real interfaces and surfaces. We
interprete our results in term of a deviation and a dispersion of the measured
exponent with respect to the ``true'' one. Both the deviation and the
dispersion have always been disregarded in the experimental literature, and
this can be very misleading if results obtained from poorly sampled images are
presented. We provide reasonable arguments to assess the universality of these
effects and we propose an empirical method to take them into account. We show
that it is possible to correct the deviation of the measured Hurst exponent
from the 'true' one and give a reasonable estimate of the dispersion error. The
last estimate is particularly important in the experimental results since it is
an intrinsic error that depends only on the number of sampling points and can
easily overwhelm the statistical error. Finally, we test our empirical method
calculating the Hurst exponent for the well-known 1+1 dimensional directed
percolation profiles, with a 512-point sampling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150281 </DOCNO>
Conformal Vacua and Entropy in de Sitter Space


  The dS/CFT correspondence is illuminated through an analysis of massive
scalar field theory in d-dimensional de Sitter space. We consider a
one-parameter family of dS-invariant vacua related by Bogolyubov
transformations and compute the corresponding Green functions. It is shown that
none of these Green functions correspond to the one obtained by analytic
continuation from AdS. Among this family of vacua are in (out) vacua which have
no incoming (outgoing) particles on past (future) infinity. Surprisingly, it is
shown that in odd spacetime dimensions the in and out vacua are the same,
implying the absence of particle production for this state. The correlators of
the boundary CFT, as defined by the dS/CFT correspondence, are shown to depend
on the choice of vacuum state - the correlators with all points on past
infinity vanish in the in vacuum. For dS_3 we argue that this bulk vacuum
dependence of the correlators is dual to a deformation of the boundary CFT_2 by
a specific marginal operator. It is also shown that Witten's non-standard de
Sitter inner product (slightly modified) reduces to the standard inner product
of the boundary field theory. Next we consider a scalar field in the Kerr-dS_3
Euclidean vacuum. A density matrix is constructed by tracing out over modes
which are causally inaccessible to a single geodesic observer. This is shown to
be a thermal state at the Kerr-dS_3 temperature and angular potential. It is
further shown that, assuming Cardy's formula, the microscopic entropy of such a
thermal state in the boundary CFT precisely equals the Bekenstein-Hawking value
of one quarter the area of the Kerr-dS_3 horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179546 </DOCNO>
Chiral dynamics in few-nucleon systems


  We report on recent progress achieved in calculating various few-nucleon
low-energy observables from effective field theory. Our discussion includes
scattering and bound states in the 2N, 3N and 4N systems and isospin violating
effects in the 2N system. We also establish a link between the nucleon-nucleon
potential derived in chiral effective field theory and various modern
high-precision potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113752 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the Chemical Process. 1. Symmetry Evolution - Revised


  Three laws of information theory have been proposed. Labeling by introducing
nonsymmetry and formatting by introducing symmetry are defined. The function L
(L=lnw, w is the number of microstates, or the sum of entropy and information,
L=S+I) of the universe is a constant (the first law of information theory). The
entropy S of the universe tends toward a maximum (the second law law of
information theory). For a perfect symmetric static structure, the information
is zero and the static entropy is the maximum (the third law law of information
theory). Based on the Gibbs inequality and the second law of the revised
information theory we have proved the similarity principle (a continuous higher
similarity-higher entropy relation after the rejection of the Gibbs paradox)
and proved the Curie-Rosen symmetry principle (a higher symmetry-higher
stability relation) as a special case of the similarity principle. Some
examples in chemical physics have been given. Spontaneous processes of all
kinds of molecular interaction, phase separation and phase transition,
including symmetry breaking and the densest molecular packing and
crystallization, are all driven by information minimization or symmetry
maximization. The evolution of the universe in general and evolution of life in
particular can be quantitatively considered as a series of symmetry breaking
processes. The two empirical rules - similarity rule and complementarity rule -
have been given a theoretical foundation. All kinds of periodicity in space and
time are symmetries and contribute to the stability. Symmetry is beautiful
because it renders stability. However, symmetry is in principle ugly because it
is associated with information loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3500 </DOCNO>
Magnetic field-induced insulating behavior in highly oriented pyrolitic


  We propose an explanation for the apparent semimetal-insulator transition
observed in highly oriented pyrolitic graphite in the presence of magnetic
field perpendicular to the layers. We show that the magnetic field opens an
excitonic gap in the linear spectrum of the Coulomb interacting quasiparticles,
in a close analogy with the phenomenon of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in
the relativistic theories of the 2+1-dimensional Dirac fermions. Our
strong-coupling appoach allows for a non-perturbative description of the
corresponding critical behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2900 </DOCNO>
Persistence in the One-Dimensional A+B -> 0 Reaction-Diffusion Model


  The persistence properties of a set of random walkers obeying the A+B -> 0
reaction, with equal initial density of particles and homogeneous initial
conditions, is studied using two definitions of persistence. The probability,
P(t), that an annihilation process has not occurred at a given site has the
asymptotic form $P(t) -> const + t^{-\theta}$, where $\theta$ is the
persistence exponent (``type I persistence''). We argue that, for a density of
particles $\rho >> 1$, this non-trivial exponent is identical to that governing
the persistence properties of the one-dimensional diffusion equation, where
$\theta \approx 0.1207$. In the case of an initially low density, $\rho_0 <<
1$, we find $\theta \approx 1/4$ asymptotically. The probability that a site
remains unvisited by any random walker (``type II persistence'') is also
investigated and found to decay with a stretched exponential form, $P(t) \sim
\exp(-const \rho_0^{1/2}t^{1/4})$, provided $\rho_0 << 1$. A heuristic argument
for this behavior, based on an exactly solvable toy model, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73741 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Bubbles Nucleation and Dark Matter Production through Gauge


  Modern particle physics and cosmology support the idea that a background of
invisible material pervades the whole universe, and identify in the cosmic
vacuum the ultimate source of matter-energy, both seen and unseen. Within the
framework of the theory of fundamental relativistic membranes, we suggest a
self-consistent, vacuum energy-driven mechanism for dark matter creation
through gauge symmetry rearrangement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2506 </DOCNO>
High $T_c$ superconductivity in MgB$_2$ by nonadiabatic pairing


  The evidence for the key role of the $\sigma$ bands in the electronic
properties of MgB$_2$ points to the possibility of nonadiabatic effects in the
superconductivity of these materials. These are governed by the small value of
the Fermi energy due to the vicinity of the hole doping level to the top of the
$\sigma$ bands. We show that the nonadiabatic theory leads to a coherent
interpretation of $T_c = 39$ K and the boron isotope coefficient $\alpha_{\rm
B} = 0.30$ without invoking very large couplings and it naturally explains the
role of the disorder on $T_c$. It also leads to various specific predictions
for the properties of MgB$_2$ and for the material optimization of these type
of compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85955 </DOCNO>
The mathematical role of time and space-time in classical physics


  We use Padoa's principle of independence of primitive symbols in axiomatic
systems in order to discuss the mathematical role of time and space-time in
some classical physical theories. We show that time is eliminable in Newtonian
mechanics and that space-time is also dispensable in Hamiltonian mechanics,
Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, the Dirac electron, classical gauge fields,
and general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97572 </DOCNO>
Heegaard genus formula for Haken manifolds


  Given a 3-manifold M containing an incompressible surface Q, we obtain an
inequality relating the Heegaard genus of M and the Heegaard genera of the
components of M - Q. Here the sum of the genera of the components of M - Q is
bounded above by a linear expression in terms of the genus of M, the Euler
characteristic of Q and the number of parallelism classes of essential annuli
for which representatives can be simultaneously imbedded in the components of M
- Q.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125883 </DOCNO>
Nature, Nurture or Not Sure? A Debate about SGRs and AXPs


  Marsden, Lingenfelter, Rothschild & Higdon have given arguments against the
magnetar model for Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGRs) and Anomalous X-ray Pulsars
(AXPs), as forcefully advocated by R. Rothschild at this meeting. We critique
these arguments, showing: (1) The claim that SGRs and AXPs are born in
unusually dense regions of the ISM is not supported in any compelling way by
observations. (2) Even if this claim were true, it would not argue against the
magnetar model. Moreover, all observations can be accounted for if magnetars
have shorter observable lifetimes than do radiopulsars, in agreement with
theoretical expectations, but no systematically different ambient ISM
densities. (3) The suggestion that accretion onto the neutron star is directly
influenced by the ISM in a way that explains the difference between SGRs/AXPs
and radiopulsars, is not possible. The mass inflow rate during later stages of
supernova remnant expansion when accretion can be influenced by backpressure
from the ISM is many orders of magnitude too small. (4) Accretion-based models
are unable to account for the hyper-Eddington bursts and flares which are the
defining characteristic of SGRs. (5) Accretion disk models also predict optical
and IR emission with higher luminosities than are observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149402 </DOCNO>
Integrable Boundary Conditions and Reflection Matrices for the O(N)


  We find new integrable boundary conditions, depending on a free parameter
$g$, for the O(N) nonlinear $\sigma$ model, which are of nondiagonal type, that
is, particles can change their ``flavor'' through scattering off the boundary.
These boundary conditions are derived from a microscopic boundary lagrangian,
which is used to establish their integrability, and exhibit integrable flows
between diagonal boundary conditions investigated earlier. We solve the
boundary Yang-Baxter equation, connect these solutions to the boundary
conditions, and examine the corresponding integrable flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124729 </DOCNO>
Line-of-sight velocity distributions of low-luminosity elliptical


  The shape of the line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD) is measured for
a sample of 14 elliptical galaxies, predominantly low-luminosity ellipticals.
The sample is dominated by galaxies in the Virgo cluster but also contains
ellipticals in nearby groups and low density environments. The parameterization
of the LOSVD due to Gerhard and van der Marel and Franx is adopted, which
measures the asymmetrical and symmetrical deviations of the LOSVD from a
Gaussian by the amplitudes h3 and h4 of the Gauss-Hermite series. Rotation,
velocity dispersion, h3 and h4 are determined as a function of radius for both
major and minor axes. Non-Gaussian LOSVDs are found for all galaxies along the
major axes. Deviations from a Gaussian LOSVD along the minor axis are of much
lower amplitude if present at all. Central decreases in velocity dispersion are
found for three galaxies. Two galaxies have kinematically-decoupled cores: NGC
4458 and the well-known case of NGC 3608.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98200 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and Non-Separability of CAR Systems


  We study quantum entanglement of bipartite CAR systems from a c*-algebraic
approach.
  We prove that pairs of subsystems coupled by CARs are not independent in the
sense of Florig-Summers.
  The non-independence (non-separability) between CAR pairs produces some
remarkable features on quantum entanglement such as "half-sided entanglement",
violation of triangle-inequality of von Neumann entropy, which cannot be
observed in any independent pair.
  We develope weaving and entanglement degrees by Narnhofer so as to quantify
the amount of correlations of quantum states for general non-independent pairs.
  We also demonstrate the usefulness of von Neumann entropy as an index of
correlations not only for states of a tensor-product composite system but also
for systems themselves.
  We explain our new notion, half-sided entanglement, giving some numerical
computations of our generalized entanglement degree for CAR pairs.
  This notion describes the specific quantum correlations which are due to the
algebraic location among the systems under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4896 </DOCNO>
Molecular theory of hydrophobic mismatch between lipids and peptides


  Effects of the mismatch between the hydrophobic length, d, of transmembrane
alpha helices of integral proteins and the hydrophobic thickness, D_h, of the
membranes they span are studied theoretically utilizing a microscopic model of
lipids. In particular, we examine the dependence of the period of a lamellar
phase on the hydrophobic length and volume fraction of a rigid, integral,
peptide. We find that the period decreases when a short peptide, such that
d<D_h, is inserted. More surprising, we find that the period increases when a
long peptide, such that d>D_h, is inserted. The effect is due to the
replacement of extensible lipid tails by rigid peptide. As the peptide length
is increased, the lamellar period continues to increase, but at a slower rate,
and can eventually decrease. The amount of peptide which fails to incorporate
and span the membrane increases with the magnitude of the hydrophobic mismatch
|d-D_h|. We explicate these behaviors which are all in accord with experiment.
Predictions are made for the dependence of the tilt of a single trans-membrane
alpha helix on hydrophobic mismatch and helix density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41198 </DOCNO>
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at H1 and ZEUS


  Results on Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at HERA measured by the H1 and
ZEUS Collaborations are presented. The cross section, measured for the first
time, is reported for $Q^2 > 2 GeV^2$, $30 < W < 120 GeV$ and $|t| < 1 GeV^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95909 </DOCNO>
A Toom rule that increases the thickness of sets


  Toom's north-east-self voting cellular automaton rule R is known to suppress
small minorities. A variant which we call R^+ is also known to turn an
arbitrary initial configuration into a homogenous one (without changing the
ones that were homogenous to start with). Here we show that R^+ always
increases a certain property of sets called thickness. This result is intended
as a step towards a proof of the fast convergence towards consensus under R^+.
The latter is observable experimentally, even in the presence of some noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96285 </DOCNO>
A reciprocity theorem for domino tilings


  Let T(m,n) denote the number of ways to tile an m-by-n rectangle with
dominos. For any fixed m, the numbers T(m,n) satisfy a linear recurrence
relation, and so may be extrapolated to negative values of n; these
extrapolated values satisfy the relation T(m,-2-n) = epsilon_{m,n} T(m,n),
where epsilon_{m,n} is -1 if m is congruent to 2 (mod 4) and n is odd, and is
+1 is otherwise. This is equivalent to a fact demonstrated by Stanley using
algebraic methods. Here I give a proof that provides, among other things, a
uniform combinatorial interpretation of T(m,n) that applies regardless of the
sign of n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124062 </DOCNO>
Dust emission from 3C radio galaxies and quasars: New ISO observations


  In order to test the unified scheme for luminous radio galaxies and quasars
we observed 10 galaxy/quasar pairs from the 3CR catalogue with ISOPHOT at
infrared wavelengths between 5 and 180 micron. Each pair was selected such that
both the 178 MHz luminosity and the redshift match as close as possible between
the radio galaxy and the quasar in order to minimize effects of cosmic
evolution. 13 of the 20 sources were detected in at least one waveband. 12
sources show clear evidence of a thermal bump at FIR wavelength, while in the
remaining 7 sources the upper limits are still compatible with the presence of
luminous dust emission. In agreement with the predictions of the unified
scheme, the quasars and galaxies in our sample cannot be distinguished by their
observed mid- and far-infrared properties. This is in contrast to the IRAS
results which indicated that radio galaxies radiate significantly less mid- to
far-infrared emission than quasars. However, the IRAS samples are dominated by
low-redshift sources (z < 0.5), while our sample contains several of the most
luminous radio galaxies at redshift z ~ 1. The latter have already been
suspected to contain a hidden quasar for other reasons, e.g. an extended
emission line region aligned with the radio axis. From the ratio between FIR
luminosity emitted by dust and the radio power at 178 MHz, we conclude that the
radio galaxy/quasar unification might be perfectly valid for the most luminous
3C sources at high redshift (z > 0.8). At lower redshifts (z < 0.5), however,
some of the FRII radio galaxies contain active nuclei which emit less
UV-optical continuum than the quasars of similar radio power. (abrigded)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128796 </DOCNO>
Global spiral modes in multi-component disks


  We performed two-dimensional non-linear hydrodynamical simulations of
two-component gravitating disks aimed at studying stability properties of these
systems. In agreement with previous analytical and numerical simulations, we
find that the cold gas component strongly affects the growth rates of the
unstable global spiral modes in the disk. Already a five percent admixture of
cold gas increases approximately two-fold the growth rate of the most unstable
global mode while a twenty percent gas admixture enhances the modal growth rate
by a factor of four. The local stability properties of a two-component disk
coupled by self-gravity are governed by a stability criterion similar to
Toomre's Q-parameter derived for one-component systems. Using numerical
simulations, we analyse the applicability of a two-component local stability
criterion for the analysis of the stability properties of global modes. The
comparison of non-linear simulations with the analytical stability criterion
shows that the two-component disks can be globally unstable while being stable
to the local perturbations. The minimum value of the local stability criterion
provides, however, a rough estimate of the global stability properties of
two-component systems. We find that two-component systems with a content of
cold gas of ten percent or less are globally stable, if the minimum value of
the stability parameter exceeds about 2.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97221 </DOCNO>
Experiments with Gorenstein Liaison


  We give some experimental data of Gorenstein liaison, working with points in
${\mathbb P}^3$ and curves in ${\mathbb P}^4$, to see how far the familiar
situation of liaison, biliaison, and Rao modules of curves in ${\mathbb P}^3$
will extend to subvarieties of codimension 3 in higher ${\mathbb P}^4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3745 </DOCNO>
On the applicability of the classical dipole-dipole interaction for


  We argue that the classical form of the dipole-dipole interaction energy
cannot be used to model the interaction of the bosons in a dilute Bose-Einstein
condensate made of polar atoms. This fact is due to convergence of integrals,
if no additional restrictions are introduced. The problem can be regularized,
in particular, by introducing a hard sphere model. As an example we propose a
regularization consistent with the long range behavior of the effective
potential and with the scattering amplitude of the fast particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169262 </DOCNO>
Quantum state conversion by cross-Kerr interaction


  A generalized Mach-Zehnder-type interferometer equipped with cross-Kerr
elements is proposed to convert N-photon truncated single-mode quantum states
into (N+1)-mode single-photon states, which are suitable for further state
manipulation by means of beam splitter arrays and ON/OFF-detections, and vice
versa. Applications to the realization of unitary and non-unitary
transformations, quantum state reconstruction, and quantum telemanipulation are
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 424 </DOCNO>
Renormalization - group analysis of dilute Bose system in d - dimension


  We study the d - dimensional Bose gas at finite temperature using the
renormalization group method. The flow - equations and the free energy have
been obtained for dimension d, and the cases d<2 and d=2 have been analysed in
the limit of low and high temperatures. The critical temperature, the coherence
length and the specific heat of a two dimensional Bose gas have been obtained
using a solution for the coupling constant which does not present a singular
behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75932 </DOCNO>
High order corrections for top quark and jet production at the Tevatron


  An overview of the theoretical status of the top quark and single-jet
inclusive production cross sections at the Tevatron is presented. NLO results
as well as NNLO-NNLL and higher order threshold expressions derived from
resummation calculations are discussed. Numerical results are presented for top
quark production at the Tevatron, and it is shown that higher orders contribute
sizable corrections to the total cross section and differential distributions,
and they also dramatically reduce the factorization scale dependence of the
cross section. For jet production, the scale dependence is also reduced but the
NNLO threshold corrections are not very big.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41534 </DOCNO>
Multi-Megaton Water Cherenkov Detector for a Proton Decay Search --


  In this report, we will show a detector which can be used to search for
proton decay in the lifetime region beyond 10$^{35}$ years.
  We will briefly review the current experimental status and discuss the
sensitivity of the future proton decay detectors, and we specifically present a
possibility of a scalable multi-megaton water Cherenkov detector immersed in
the shallow water.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5707 </DOCNO>
Polaron self-trapping in a honeycomb net


  Small polaron behavior in a two dimensional honeycomb net is studied by
applying the strong coupling perturbative method to the Holstein molecular
crystal model. We find that small optical polarons can be mobile also if the
electrons are strongly coupled to the lattice. Before the polarons localize and
become very heavy, there is infact a window of {\it e-ph} couplings in which
the polarons are small and have masses of order $\simeq 5 - 50$ times the bare
band mass according to the value of the adiabaticity parameter. The 2D
honeycomb net favors the mobility of small optical polarons in comparison with
the square lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74157 </DOCNO>
Physics at the front-end of a neutrino factory: a quantitative appraisal


  We present a quantitative appraisal of the physics potential for neutrino
experiments at the front-end of a muon storage ring. We estimate the forseeable
accuracy in the determination of several interesting observables, and explore
the consequences of these measurements. We discuss the extraction of individual
quark and antiquark densities from polarized and unpolarized deep-inelastic
scattering. In particular we study the implications for the undertanding of the
nucleon spin structure. We assess the determination of alpha_s from scaling
violation of structure functions, and from sum rules, and the determination of
sin^2(theta_W) from elastic nu-e and deep-inelastic nu-p scattering. We then
consider the production of charmed hadrons, and the measurement of their
absolute branching ratios. We study the polarization of Lambda baryons produced
in the current and target fragmentation regions. Finally, we discuss the
sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149711 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Particle Creation and Baryon Number Violation in a


  We consider a conformal unified theory as the basis of conformal-invariant
cosmological model where the permanent rigid state of the universe is
compatible with the primordial element abundance and supernova data. We show
that the cosmological creation of vector Z and W bosons, in this case, is
sufficient to explain the CMB temperature (2.7 K). The primordial bosons
violate the baryon number in the standard model as a result of anomalous
nonconservation of left-handed currents and a nonzero squeezed vacuum
expectation value of the topological Chern-Simons functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128820 </DOCNO>
Study of variable stars in the MOA data base: long-period red variables


  One hundred and forty six long-period red variable stars in the Large
Magellanic Cloud (LMC) from the three year MOA project database were analysed.
A careful periodic analysis was performed on these stars and a catalogue of
their magnitudes, colours, periods and amplitudes is presented. We convert our
blue and red magnitudes to $K$ band values using 19 oxygen-rich stars. A group
of red short-period stars separated from the Mira sequence has been found on a
(log P, K) diagram. They are located at the short period side of the Mira
sequence consistent with the work of Wood and Sebo (1996). There are two
interpretations for such stars; a difference in pulsation mode or a difference
in chemical composition. We investigated the properties of these stars together
with their colour, amplitude and periodicity. We conclude that they have small
amplitudes and less regular variability. They are likely to be higher mode
pulsators. A large scatter has been also found on the long period side of the
(log P, K) diagram. This is possibly a systematic spread given that the blue
band of our photometric system covers both standard B and V bands and affects
carbon-rich stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124974 </DOCNO>
On the lack of cold dust in IRAS P09104+4109 and IRAS F15307+3252 --


  We present upper limits on the 850 micron and 450 micron fluxes of the warm
hyperluminous (bolometric luminosity L_bol > 10^13 L_sun galaxies IRAS
P09104+4109 (z=0.442) and IRAS F15307+3252 (z=0.926), derived from measurements
using the SCUBA bolometer array on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. Hot
luminous infrared sources like these are thought to differ from more normal
cold ultraluminous infrared (L_bol > 10^12 L_sun) galaxies in that they derive
most of their bolometric luminosities from dusty AGNs as opposed to starbursts.
Such hot, dusty AGNs at high redshift are thought to be responsible for much of
the mass accretion of the Universe that is in turn responsible for the
formation of the supermassive black holes seen in the centres of local
galaxies. The galaxy IRAS P09104+4109 is also unusual in that it is a cD galaxy
in the center of a substantial cooling-flow cluster, not an isolated
interacting galaxy like most ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Previously it was
known to have large amounts of hot (T > 50 K) dust from IRAS observations. We
now show that the contribution of cold dust to the bolometric luminosity is
less than 3 per cent. Most ultraluminous infrared galaxies possess large
amounts of cold dust, and it is now known that some cooling flow cluster cD
galaxies do as well. Yet this object, which is an extreme example of both, does
not have enough cold gas to contribute significantly to the bolometric
luminosity. We outline physical reasons why this could have happened. We then
provide a discussion of stategies for finding hot dusty AGNs, given the
limitations on submillimetre surveys implied by this work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149217 </DOCNO>
Kinematic sum rules for trace anomalies


  I derive a procedure to generate sum rules for the trace anomalies a and a'.
Linear combinations of Delta a = a_UV-a_IR and Delta a' = a'_UV-a'_IR are
expressed as multiple flow integrals of the two-, three- and four-point
functions of the trace of the stress tensor. Eliminating Delta a', universal
flow invariants are obtained, in particular sum rules for Delta a. The formulas
hold in the most general renormalizable quantum field theory (unitary or not),
interpolating between UV and IR conformal fixed points. I discuss the relevance
of these sum rules for the issue of the irreversibility of the RG flow. The
procedure can be generalized to derive sum rules for the trace anomaly c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41686 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein Excitations of W and Z at the LHC?


  Deviations from standard electroweak physics arise in the framework of a
Randall-Sundrum model, with matter and gauge fields in the bulk and the Higgs
field localized on the TeV brane. We focus in particular on modifications
associated with the weak mixing angle. Comparison with the electroweak
precision data yields a rather stringent lower bound of about 10 TeV on the
masses of the lowest Kaluza-Klein excitation of the W and Z bosons. With some
optimistic assumptions the bound could be lowered to about 7 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179396 </DOCNO>
Dispersion relations of mesons in symmetric nuclear matter


  We calculate dispersion relations and propagators for the $\sigma$, $\omega$,
$\pi$, $\rho$, $\delta$, $\eta$ and $a_1$ mesons in relativistic, dense, hot,
symmetric nuclear matter. In addition to the usual mixing of the
$\sigma-\omega$ system, we obtain mixing of the $\delta$ with the longitudinal
$\rho$ mode and of the tranverse $\rho$ with the transverse $a_1$ mode.
Finally, the component of the $a_1$ polarization along the transferred momentum
modifies the in-medium pion propagator in a way similar to the Migdal contact
interaction, but with the opposite sign. The spurious pion condensate as well
as the additional contribution from the $a_1$ meson are removed by a contact
term. We compare two ways of implementing contact term subtraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6809 </DOCNO>
Dynamical transitions in incommensurate systems


  In the dynamics of the undamped Frenkel-Kontorova model with kinetic terms,
we find a transition between two regimes, a floating incommensurate and a
pinned incommensurate phase. This behavior is compared to the static version of
the model. A remarkable difference is that, while in the static case the two
regimes are separated by a single transition (the Aubry transition), in the
dynamical case the transition is characterized by a critical region, in which
different phenomena take place at different times. In this paper, the
generalized angular momentum we have previously introduced, and the dynamical
modulation function are used to begin a characterization of this critical
region. We further elucidate the relation between these two quantities, and
present preliminary results about the order of the dynamical transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148919 </DOCNO>
ADE Singularities and Coset Models


  We consider the compactification of the IIA string to (1+1) dimensions on
non-compact 4-folds that are ALE fibrations. Supersymmetry requires that the
compactification include 4-form fluxes, and a particular class of these models
has been argued by Gukov, Vafa and Witten to give rise to a set of perturbed
superconformal coset models that also have a Landau-Ginzburg description. We
examine all these ADE models in detail, including the exceptional cosets. We
identify which perturbations are induced by the deformation of the singularity,
and compute the Landau-Ginzburg potentials exactly. We also show how the the
Landau-Ginzburg fields and their superpotentials arise from the geometric data
of the singularity, and we find that this is most naturally described in terms
of non-compact, holomorphic 4-cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128314 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Structure Studies with Clusters of Galaxies


  I present here a review of Large-Scale Structure (LSS) studies using clusters
of galaxies. First, I re-evaluate the `pros' and `cons' of using clusters for
such studies, especially in this era of large galaxy redshift surveys.
Secondly, I provide an historical review of the Cluster Correlation Function
and show that the latest measurements of xi_cc from Abell and X-ray catalogs
are in excellent agreement. Thirdly, I review the latest measurements of the
power spectrum of clusters which provide strong constraints on the cosmological
parameters e.g. Omega_m and models of structure formation. Moreover, I
highlight the recent discovery of ``Baryon Wiggles'' in the local cluster p(k)
which is in perfect agreement with the recent CMB data. Lastly, I examine
recent advances in the measurement of the X-ray Cluster Luminosity Function and
emphasize the importance of accurately determining the selection function of
future cluster surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128059 </DOCNO>
Limits on the Mass of the Central Black Hole in 16 Nearby Bulges


  We report upper limits on the masses of black holes that can be present in
the centers of 16 nearby galaxy bulges. These limits for our statistically
complete sample were derived from the modeling of the central emission-line
widths ([N II] or [S II]), observed over a 0.25" X 0.2" (R < 9 pc) aperture.
The experiment has a mean detection sensitivity of 3.9 X 10^6 solar masses. For
three sample members with direct determinations of black hole masses our upper
limits agree within the uncertainties, while in general our upper limits are
found to be close to the masses measured in other bulges with global properties
similar to ours. Remarkably, our limits lie quite closely to the recently
derived relation between black hole mass and stellar velocity dispersion. These
results support a picture wherein the black hole mass and overall galaxy
structure are closely linked, as galaxies with exceptionally high black hole
masses at a given velocity dispersion apparently are rare.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128858 </DOCNO>
Thermal Properties of Centaurs Asbolus and Chiron


  We have measured the mid-infrared thermal continua from two Centaurs,
inactive (8405) Asbolus and active 95P=(2060) Chiron, and have constrained
their geometric albedos, p, and effective radii, R, with the Standard Thermal
Model for slow rotators. These are the first such measurements of Asbolus; we
find R=33 km +/- 2 km and p=0.12 +/- 0.03. This albedo is higher than all of
those confidently known for active cometary nuclei. The thermal inertia is
comparable to or lower than those of main belt asteroids, the Moon, and Chiron;
lower than those of the icy Galilean satellites; and much lower than those of
near-Earth asteroids. For Chiron, we find R=74 km +/- 4 km and p=0.17 +/- 0.02.
While this albedo is consistent with the established value, previous radiometry
by others implied a larger radius. This effect may be partially due to a
varying infrared dust coma but all datasets have too low signal to be sure.
Four Centaur albedos (out of about 30 objects) are now known. They show a
diversity greater than that of the active comets, to which they are
evolutionarily linked.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123690 </DOCNO>
Self-Interacting Scalar Dark Matter and Higgs Decay


  Self-interacting dark matter has been suggested in order to overcome the
difficulties of the Cold Dark Matter model on galactic scales. We argue that a
scalar gauge singlet coupled to the Higgs boson, leading to an invisibly
decaying Higgs, is an interesting candidate for this self-interacting dark
matter particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98279 </DOCNO>
Weak Hyperbolicity on Periodic Orbits for Polynomials


  We prove that if the multipliers of the repelling periodic orbits of a
complex polynomial grow at least like $n^{5 + \epsilon}$, for some $\epsilon >
0$, then the Julia set of the polynomial is locally connected when it is
connected.
  As a consequence for a polynomial the presence of a Cremer cycle implies the
presence of a sequence of repelling periodic orbits with "small" multipliers.
  Somehow surprinsingly the proof is based in measure theorical considerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75080 </DOCNO>
Classical aspects of quantum fields far from equilibrium


  We consider the time evolution of nonequilibrium quantum scalar fields in the
O(N) model, using the next-to-leading order 1/N expansion of the 2PI effective
action. A comparison with exact numerical simulations in 1+1 dimensions in the
classical limit shows that the 1/N expansion gives quantitatively precise
results already for moderate values of N. For sufficiently high initial
occupation numbers the time evolution of quantum fields is shown to be
accurately described by classical physics. Eventually the correspondence breaks
down due to the difference between classical and quantum thermal equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81192 </DOCNO>
Quenched QCD at finite temperature with overlap Fermions


  We study quenched QCD just above the phase transition temperature using
overlap Fermions. Exact zero modes of the overlap operator are localized.
Chiral symmetry is restored, as indicated by the behavior of the chiral
condensate after subtracting the effects of zero modes. The vector and
pseudo-scalar screening masses are close to ideal gas values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168062 </DOCNO>
Unified time analysis of photon and (nonrelativistic) particle


  A unified approach to the time analysis of tunnelling of nonrelativistic
particles is presented, in which Time is regarded as a quantum-mechanical
observable, canonically conjugated to Energy. The validity of the Hartman
effect (independence of the Tunnelling Time of the opaque barrier width, with
Superluminal group velocities as a consequence) is verified for ALL the known
expressions of the mean tunnelling time. Moreover, the analogy between particle
and photon tunnelling is suitably exploited. On the basis of such an analogy,
an explanation of some recent microwave and optics experimental results on
tunnelling times is proposed. Attention is devoted to some aspects of the
causality problem for particle and photon tunnelling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41533 </DOCNO>
Precision tests of the Electroweak interactions at e+e- collisions


  This paper is an updated version of the lectures given at the XXIX
International Meeting on Fundamental Physics in Sitges, Barcelona (February
2000). The measurements perforned at LEP and SLC have substantially improved
the precision of the test of the Minimal Standard Model. The precision is such
that there is sensitivity to pure weak radiative corrections. This allows to
indirectly determine the top mass (m_t = 180 +- 10GeV), the W-boson mass (M_W =
80.375 +- 0.022GeV), and to set an upper limit on the Higgs boson mass of
196GeV at 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168002 </DOCNO>
Decoherent Histories for Spacetime Domains


  The decoherent histories approach is a natural medium in which to address
problems in quantum theory which involve time in a non-trivial way. This
article reviews the various attempts and difficulties involved in using the
decoherent histories approach to calculate the probability for crossing the
surface $x=0$ during a finite interval of time. The commonly encountered
difficulties in assigning crossing times arise here as difficulties in
satisfying the consistency (no-interference) condition. This can be overcome by
introducing an environment to produce decoherence, and probabilities exhibiting
the expected classical limit are obtained. The probabilities are, however,
dependent to some degree on the decohering environment. The results are
compared with a recently proposed irreversible detector model. A third method
is introduced, involving continuous quantum measurement theory. Some closely
related work on the interpretation of the wave function in quantum cosmology is
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41055 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Higgs Search Strategy at LEP


  The Standard Model Higgs boson has been searched for by the four LEP
experiments in the last twelve years. The data collected at LEP in the year
2000 suggest the first observation of a Higgs boson. In this letter, I describe
the basic concepts of the Higgs search at LEP, with emphasis in the statistical
method used to combine the results from the LEP experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125920 </DOCNO>
On the possible existence of a self-regulating hydrodynamical process in


  The lithium plateau observed in halo stars has long appeared as a paradox in
the general context of the lithium abundance behavior in stellar outer layers.
First, the plateau is flat, second, the lithium abundance dispersion is
extremely small. This seems in contradiction with the large lithium variations
observed in younger stars. It is also difficult to understand theoretically as
lithium nuclei are easily destroyed by nuclear reactions, and subject to
microscopic diffusion which, in the case of halo stars, should also lead to
depletion. Several ideas have been proposed to account for the lithium behavior
in halo stars. The most promising possibilities were rotational-induced mixing,
which could reduce lithium in the same way for all the stars, and mass-loss,
which could oppose the lithium settling. In both cases however, the parameters
should be tightly adjusted to prevent any dispersion in the final results.
Vauclair 1999 (paper I) pointed out that the mu-gradient terms which appear in
the computations of the meridional circulation velocity were not introduced in
previous computations of rotationally-induced mixing. This can lead to a
self-regulating process which reduces the efficiency of the meridional
circulation as well as the microscopic diffusion. Here we present numerical
computations of this process and its influence on the lithium abundance
variations in halo stars. We show that in slowly rotating stars, under some
conditions, lithium can be depleted by a factor of up to two with a dispersion
smaller than 0.1 dex in the middle part of the lithium plateau. We derive a
primordial lithium abundance of 2.5 +/- 0.1, consistent with the recent
determinations of D/H and 4He/H.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85970 </DOCNO>
Geometrisation of electromagnetic field and topological interpretation


  A new approach is proposed for an electromagnetic field geometrisation. We
show that interacting Maxwell and Dirac fields can be considered as a single
connected space-time 4-manifold. The Dirac spinors appear wihtin such approach
as basic fanctions for the manifold fundamental group representation and
electric and magnertic fields appear as components of a curvature tensor of the
manifold covering space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179545 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of the $^{12}$C+$^{24}$Mg Reaction Using A New Coupling


  We introduce a new coupling potential to explain the experimental data for
the $^{12}$C+$^{24}$Mg system at numerous energies in the laboratory system
from 16.0 MeV to 24.0 MeV. This new coupled-channels based approach involves
replacing the usual first derivative coupling potential by a new,
second-derivative coupling potential. This paper first shows and discusses the
limitation of the standard coupled-channels theory in the case where one of the
nuclei in the reaction is strongly deformed. Then, this new approach is shown
to improve consistently the agreement with the experimental data and has made
major improvement on all the previous coupled-channels calculations for this
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129589 </DOCNO>
Molecular gas in late-type galaxies


  We present $^{12}$CO(J=1--0) line observations of 22 low-luminosity spiral
galaxies in the Virgo cluster. These data, together with 244 others available
in the literature, allow us to build a large sample that we use to study the
molecular gas properties of galaxies spanning a large range of morphological
types and luminosities and belonging to different environments (clusters -
field). The molecular gas content of the target galaxies is estimated using a
luminosity-dependent X = $N(H_2)/I(CO)$ conversion factor that has been
calibrated on a sample of nearby galaxies. $X$ spans from $\sim$ 10$^{20}$ mol
cm$^{-2}$ (K km s$^{-1})^{-1}$ in giant spirals to $\sim$ 10$^{21}$ mol
cm$^{-2}$ (K km s$^{-1})^{-1}$ in dwarf irregulars. The value of the $X$
conversion factor is found consistent with a value derived independently from
dust masses estimated from FIR fluxes, with a metallicity-dependent dust to gas
ratio. The relationships between X and the UV radiation field (as traced by the
$H\alpha+[NII] E.W.$), the metallicity and the H band luminosity are analysed.
We show that the molecular gas contained in molecular clouds or complexes is of
the order of 15% of the total gas on average whatever the luminosity or the
Hubble type of the galaxies. We discuss the relation between the star formation
rate and the molecular gas content and estimate the average star formation
efficiency of late-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81045 </DOCNO>
Discrete Noncommutative Gauge Theory


  A review of the relationships between matrix models and noncommutative gauge
theory is presented. A lattice version of noncommutative Yang-Mills theory is
constructed and used to examine some generic properties of noncommutative
quantum field theory, such as UV/IR mixing and the appearence of
gauge-invariant open Wilson line operators. Morita equivalence in this class of
models is derived and used to establish the generic relation between
noncommutative gauge theory and twisted reduced models. Finite dimensional
representations of the quotient conditions for toroidal compactification of
matrix models are thereby exhibited. The coupling of noncommutative gauge
fields to fundamental matter fields is considered and a large mass expansion is
used to study properties of gauge-invariant observables. Morita equivalence
with fundamental matter is also presented and used to prove the equivalence
between the planar loop renormalizations in commutative and noncommutative
quantum chromodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72428 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Yukawa Couplings and New Physics


  We discuss associated production of a Higgs boson with a pair of $t {\bar t}$
quarks at a future high energy $e^+e^-$ collider. The process $e^+e^-\to t
{\bar t}h$ is particularly sensitive to the presence of new physics and we
consider the MSSM and models with extra dimensions at the $TeV$ scale as
examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125320 </DOCNO>
An analysis of the observed radio emission from planetary nebulae


  We have analysed the radio fluxes for 264 planetary nebulae for which
reliable measurements of fluxes at 1.4 and 5 GHz, and of nebular diameters are
available. For many of the investigated nebulae the optical thickness is
important, especially at 1.4 GHz. Simple models like the one specified only by
a single optical thickness or spherical, constant density shells do not account
satisfactorily for the observations. Also an r^{-2} density distribution is
ruled out. A reasonable representation of the observations can be obtained by a
two-component model having regions of two different values of optical
thickness. We show that the nebular diameters smaller than 10 arcsec are
uncertain, particularly if they come from photographic plates or gaussian
fitting to the radio profile. While determining the interstellar extinction
from an optical to radio flux ratio caution should be paid to optical thickness
effects in the radio. We have developed a method for estimating the value of
self absorption. At 1.4 GHz self absorption of the flux is usually important
and can exceed a factor of 10. At 5 GHz self absorption is negligible for most
of the objects although in some cases it can reach a factor of 2. The Galactic
bulge planetary nebulae when used to calibrate the Shklovsky method give the
mean nebular mass of 0.14 solar mass. The statistical uncertainty of the
Shklovsky distances is smaller than factor 1.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75698 </DOCNO>
Do Quark Mass Effects Survive in the High-$Q^2$ Limit of DIS?


  The quark mass effects at high $Q^2$ in the current fragmentation region of
DIS are analyzed. It is found that the linear combination $F_2-2.75F^c_2$
scales at large $Q^2$ and small $x$. The lower bound for the ratio $F^c_2/F_2$
is obtained which lies very close to the HERA data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168274 </DOCNO>
A Dirac-type equation for spacelike neutrinos


  Based on experimental evidences supporting the hypothesis that neutrinos
might be spacelike particles, a new Dirac-type equation is proposed and a
spin-1/2 spacelike quantum theory is developed. The new Dirac-type equation
provides a solution for the puzzle of negative mass-square of neutrinos. This
equation can be written in two spinor equations coupled together via nonzero
mass while respecting maximum parity violation, and it reduces to one Weyl
equation in the massless limit. Some peculiar features of spacelike neutrino
are discussed in this theoretical framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97617 </DOCNO>
Multiplicities of Singular Points in Schubert Varieties of Grassmannians


  We give a closed-form formula for the Hilbert function of the tangent cone at
the identity of a Schubert variety X in the Grassmannian in both group
theoretic and combinatorial terms. We also give a formula for the multiplicity
of X at the identity, and a Grobner basis for the ideal defining the
intersection of X with the opposite cell as a closed subvariety of the opposite
cell. We give conjectures for the Hilbert function and multiplicity at points
other than the identity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149113 </DOCNO>
Constructing Doubly Self-Dual Chiral p-Form Actions in D=2(p+1)


  A Siegel-type chiral p-form action is proposed in D=2(p+1) spacetime
dimensions. The approach we adopt is to realize the symmetric second-rank
Lagrange-multiplier field, introduced in Siegel's action, in terms of a
normalized multiplication of two (q+1)-form fields with q indices of each field
contracted in the even p case, or of two pairs of (q+1)-form fields with q
indices of each pair of fields contracted in the odd p case, where the
(q+1)-form fields are of external derivatives of one auxiliary q-form field for
the former, or a pair of auxiliary q-form fields for the latter. Using this
action, it is straightforward to deduce the recently constructed PST action for
q equal to zero. It is found that the Siegel-type chiral p-form action with a
fixed p (even or odd) is doubly self-dual in D=2(p+1) spacetime dimensions when
the auxiliary field(s) is/are also chosen to be of p-form. This result includes
PST's as a special case where only the chiral 0-form action is doubly self-dual
in D=2 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127637 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Spectral Models of T Dwarfs at Short Wavelengths and Their


  We have generated new, self-consistent spectral and atmosphere models for the
effective temperature range 600 K to 1300 K thought to encompass the known T
dwarfs. For the first time, theoretical models are compared with a {\it family}
of measured T dwarf spectra at wavelengths shortward of $\sim$1.0 micron. By
defining spectral indices and standard colors in the optical and very
near-infrared, we explore the theoretical systematics with \teff, gravity, and
metallicity. We conclude that the short- wavelength range is rich in
diagnostics that complement those in the near-infrared now used for spectral
subtyping. We also conclude that the wings of the Na D and K I (7700\AA)
resonance lines and aggressive rainout of heavy metals (with the resulting
enhancement of the sodium and potassium abundances at altitude) are required to
fit the new data shortward of 1.0 \mic. Furthermore, we find that the water
bands weaken with increasing gravity, that modest decreases in metallicity
enhance the effect in the optical of the sodium and potassium lines, and that
at low \teffs, in a reversal of the normal pattern, optical spectra become
bluer with further decreases in \teff. Moreover, we conclude that T dwarf
subtype is not a function of \teff alone, but that it is a non-trivial function
of gravity and metallicity as well. As do Marley et al. (2001), we see evidence
in early T dwarf atmospheres of a residual effect of clouds. With cloudless
models, we obtain spectral fits to the two late T dwarfs with known parallaxes,
but a residual effect of clouds on the emergent spectra of even late T dwarfs
can not yet be discounted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3099 </DOCNO>
On the electromagnetic force on a polarizable body


  The force on a macroscopic polarizable body in an inhomogenous
electromagnetic field is calculated for three simple exactly solvable
situations. Comparing different approaches we pinpoint possible pitfalls and
resolve recent confusion about the force density in ferrofluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73115 </DOCNO>
Exotic Matter research in Space


  The direct detection of annihilation products in cosmic rays offer an
alternative way to search for dark matter particles candidates. Here we will
see in particular that the study of the spectrum of antiproton and positrons
offer good possibilities to perform this search and we will review our
experimental effort in this direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 175 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo test of critical exponents in 3D Heisenberg and Ising models


  We have tested the theoretical values of critical exponents, predicted for
the three--dimensional Heisenberg model, based on the published Monte Carlo
(MC) simulation data for the susceptibility. Two different sets of the critical
exponents have been considered - one provided by the usual (perturbative)
renormalization group (RG) theory, and another predicted by grouping of Feynman
diagrams in phi^4 model (our theory). The test consists of two steps. First we
determine the critical coupling by fitting the MC data to the theoretical
expression, including both confluent and analytical corrections to scaling, the
values of critical exponents being taken from theory. Then we use the obtained
value of critical coupling to test the agreement between theory and MC data at
criticality. As a result, we have found that predictions of our theory
(gamma=19/14, eta=1/10, omega=3/5) are consistent, whereas those of the
perturbative RG theory (gamma=1.3895, eta=0.0355, omega=0.782) are inconsistent
with the MC data. The seemable agreement between the RG prediction for eta and
MC results at criticality, reported in literature, appears due to slightly
overestimated value of the critical coupling. Estimation of critical exponents
of 3D Ising model from complex zeroth of the partition function is discussed. A
refined analysis yields the best estimate 1/nu=1.518. We conclude that the
recent MC data can be completely explained within our theory (providing
1/nu=1.5 and omega=0.5) rather than within the conventional RG theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148360 </DOCNO>
Dualities in integrable systems: geometrical aspects


  We discuss geometrical aspects of different dualities in the integrable
systems of the Hitchin type and its various generalizations. It is shown that T
duality known in the string theory context is related to the separation of
variables procedure in dynamical system. We argue that there are analogues of S
duality as well as mirror symmetry in the many-body systems of Hitchin type.
The different approaches to the double elliptic systems are unified using the
geometry behind the Mukai-Odesskii algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129116 </DOCNO>
Dissipation of non-linear circularly polarized Alfven waves


  We study propagating Alfven waves by solving the time-dependent equations of
magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in one dimension numerically. In a homogeneous
medium the circularly polarized Alfven wave is an exact solution of the ideal
MHD equations, and therefore it does not suffer from any dissipation. A
high-amplitude linearly polarized Alfven wave, on the other hand, steepens and
form current sheets, in which the Poynting flux is lost. In a stratified
medium, however, a high-amplitude circularly polarized Alfven wave can also
lose a significant fraction of its Poynting flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169552 </DOCNO>
Steering a quantum system over a Schroedinger bridge


  A new approach to the steering problem for quantum systems relying on
Nelson's stochastic mechanics and on the theory of Schroedinger bridges is
presented. The method is illustrated by working out a simple Gaussian example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126980 </DOCNO>
On the Distribution of Orbital Poles of Milky Way Satellites


  In numerous studies of the outer Galactic halo some evidence for accretion
has been found. If the outer halo did form in part or wholly through merger
events, we might expect to find coherent streams of stars and globular clusters
following similar orbits as their parent objects, which are assumed to be
present or former Milky Way dwarf satellite galaxies. We present a study of
this phenomenon by assessing the likelihood of potential descendant ``dynamical
families'' in the outer halo. We conduct two analyses: one that involves a
statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of all known Galactic dwarf
satellite galaxies (DSGs) and globular clusters, and a second, more specific
analysis of those globular clusters and DSGs for which full phase space
dynamical data exist. In both cases our methodology is appropriate only to
members of descendant dynamical families that retain nearly aligned orbital
poles today. Since the Sagittarius dwarf (Sgr) is considered a paradigm for the
type of merger/tidal interaction event for which we are searching, we also
undertake a case study of the Sgr system and identify several globular clusters
that may be members of its extended dynamical family. (ABRIDGED)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5682 </DOCNO>
Self-Duality and Statistical Systems without Internal Energy Scaling


  It is argued that self-duality of one system leads to the zero finite-size
scaling amplitude of the critical internal energy for all system belonging to
the same universality class. For such models, we may expect that condition of
equality (up to correction-to-scaling terms) of the internal energies for
systems with different sizes will yield more accurate estimates for the
critical temperature than the scaling equation for the inverse correlation
lengths which is used in the standard phenomenological renormalization-group
approach. Analytical and numerical evidences confirming the above conjecture
are given for examples of two-dimensional next-nearest-neighbour and spin-1
Ising lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7253 </DOCNO>
Shifting the quantum Hall plateau level in a double layer electron


  We study the plateaux of the integer quantum Hall resistance in a bilayer
electron system in tilted magnetic fields. In a narrow range of tilt angles and
at certain magnetic fields, the plateau level deviates appreciably from the
quantized value with no dissipative transport emerging. A qualitative account
of the effect is given in terms of decoupling of the edge states corresponding
to different electron layers/Landau levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127172 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Target Selection for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The


  We describe the target selection and resulting properties of a spectroscopic
sample of luminous, red galaxies (LRG) from the imaging data of the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). These galaxies are selected on the basis of color
and magnitude to yield a sample of luminous, intrinsically red galaxies that
extends fainter and further than the main flux-limited portion of the SDSS
galaxy spectroscopic sample. The sample is designed to impose a
passively-evolving luminosity and rest-frame color cut to a redshift of 0.38.
Additional, yet more luminous, red galaxies are included to a redshift of 0.5.
Approximately 12 of these galaxies per square degree are targeted for
spectroscopy, so the sample will number over 100,000 with the full survey. SDSS
commissioning data indicate that the algorithm efficiently selects luminous
(M_g=-21.4), red galaxies, that the spectroscopic success rate is very high,
and that the resulting set of galaxies is approximately volume-limited out to
z=0.38. When the SDSS is complete, the LRG spectroscopic sample will fill over
1h^-3 Gpc^3 with an approximately homogeneous population of galaxies and will
therefore be well suited to studies of large-scale structure and clusters out
to z=0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96648 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic palindromic numbers


  We introduce a notion of palindromicity of a natural number which is
independent of the base. We study the existence and density of palindromic and
multiple palindromic numbers, and we raise several related questions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73729 </DOCNO>
Pyrotechnic Universe


  One of the central points of the ekpyrotic cosmological scenario based on
Horava-Witten theory is that we live on a negative tension brane. However, the
tension of the visible brane is positive in the usual HW phenomenology with
stronger coupling on the hidden brane, both for standard and non-standard
embedding. To make ekpyrotic scenario realistic one must solve the problem of
the negative cosmological constant on the visible brane and fine-tune the bulk
brane potential with an accuracy of $10^{-50}$. In terms of a canonically
normalized scalar field $\phi$ describing the position of the brane, this
potential must take a very unusual form $V(\phi)\sim e^{-{5000 \phi\over
M_p}}$. We describe the problems which appear when one attempts to obtain this
potential in string theory. The mechanism for the generation of density
perturbations in this scenario is not brane-specific; it is a particular
limiting case of the mechanism of tachyonic preheating. Unlike inflation, this
mechanism exponentially amplifies not only quantum fluctuations, but also
initial inhomogeneities. As a result, to solve the homogeneity problem in this
scenario, one would need the branes to be parallel to each other with an
accuracy better than $10^{-60}$ on a scale $10^{30}$ times greater than the
distance between the branes. Thus, at present, inflation remains the only
robust mechanism that produces density perturbations with a flat spectrum and
simultaneously solves all major cosmological problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96148 </DOCNO>
Notes on the inductive algorithm of resolution of singularities by S.


  The purpose of these notes is simply to record the regurgitaion of the
inductive algorithm for resolution of singularities over a field of
characteristic zero by Encinas and Villamayor, through the seminars held at
Purdue University. The elementary nature of the algorithm, which only uses the
multiplicity function and not the Hilbert-Samuel function, allowed us to try to
make these notes self-contaned. We give complete proofs to embedded and
non-embedded resolution of singularities with few references to the other
papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179483 </DOCNO>
$\rho/\omega$ properties from dilepton spectra in $p A$ reactions at 12


  The dilepton production from $pC$ and $pCu$ collisions at $T_{lab}=12$ GeV is
calculated using the semi-classical BUU transport model, that includes the
off-shell propagation of vector mesons nonperturbatively and calculates the
width of the vector mesons dynamically. It is found that the collisional
broadening of the vector meson width and dropping vector meson masses lead to a
small enhancement of the dilepton yield below the $\omega$ meson mass pole in
$p Cu$ collisions compared to $p C$, which is, however, not sufficient to
explain the enhanced production of dileptons as observed in the experiment by
the KEK-PS E325 collaboration. It is argued that such in-medium effects are
expected to be small due to kinematical reasons -- the dominant part of vector
mesons radiate dileptons and decay outside the nucleus due to the finite
formation time for $\rho$ and $\omega$ mesons, which is large by Lorentz
covariance since the produced vector mesons move with high velocity relative to
the target nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2430 </DOCNO>
On quantum effects near the liquid-vapor transition in helium


  The liquid-vapor transition in He-3 and He-4 is investigated by means of
path-integral molecular dynamics and the quantum virial expansion. Both methods
are applied to the critical isobar and the critical isochore. While previous
path-integral simulations have mainly considered the lambda transition and
superfluid regime in He-4, we focus on the vicinity of the critical point and
obtain good agreement with experimental results for the molar volume and the
internal energy down to subcritical temperatures. We find that an effective
classical potential that properly describes the two-particle radial
distribution function exhibits a strong temperature dependence near the
critical temperature. This contrasts with the behavior of essentially classical
systems like xenon, where the effective potential is independent of
temperature. It is conjectured that, owing to this difference in behavior
between classical and quantum-mechanical systems, the crossover behavior
observed for helium in the vicinity of the critical point differs qualitatively
from that of other simple liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2877 </DOCNO>
Influence of the starting composition on the structural and


  We report the preparation of Mg$_{1-x}$B$_{2}$ (0$\le$x$\le$0.5) compounds
with the nominal compositions. Single phase MgB$_{2}$ was obtained for x=0
sample. For 0$<$x$\le$0.5, MgB$_{4}$ coexists with "MgB$_{2}$" and the amount
of MgB$_{4}$ increases with x. With the increase of x, the lattice parameter
${\it c}$ of "MgB$_{2}$" increases and the lattice parameter ${\it a}$
decreases, correspondingly T$_{c}$ of Mg$_{1-x}$B$_{2}$ decreases. The results
were discussed in terms of the presence of Mg vacancies or B interstitials in
the MgB$_{2}$ structure. This work is helpful to the understanding of the
MgB$_{2}$ films with different T$_{c}$, as well as the Mg site doping effect
for MgB$_{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81109 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangian for strongly coupled domain wall fermions


  We derive the effective Lagrangian for mesons in lattice gauge theory with
domain-wall fermions in the strong-coupling and large-N_c limits. We use the
formalism of supergroups to deal with the Pauli-Villars fields, needed to
regulate the contributions of the heavy fermions. We calculate the spectrum of
pseudo-Goldstone bosons and show that domain wall fermions are doubled and
massive in this regime. Since we take the extent and lattice spacing of the
fifth dimension to infinity and zero respectively, our conclusions apply also
to overlap fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99221 </DOCNO>
Concavity of Eigenvalue Sums and the Spectral Shift Function


  It is well known that the sum of negative (positive) eigenvalues of some
finite Hermitian matrix $V$ is concave (convex) with respect to $V$. Using the
theory of the spectral shift function we generalize this property to
self-adjoint operators on a separable Hilbert space with an arbitrary spectrum.
More precisely, we prove that the spectral shift function integrated with
respect to the spectral parameter from $-\infty$ to $\lambda$ (from $\lambda$
to $+\infty$) is concave (convex) with respect to trace class perturbations.
The case of relative trace class perturbations is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4921 </DOCNO>
Can crack front waves explain the roughness of cracks ?


  We review recent theoretical progress on the dynamics of brittle crack fronts
and its relationship to the roughness of fracture surfaces. We discuss the
possibility that the intermediate scale roughness of cracks, which is
characterized by a roughness exponent approximately equal to 0.5, could be
caused by the generation, during local instabilities by depinning, of
diffusively broadened corrugation waves, which have recently been observed to
propagate elastically along moving crack fronts. We find that the theory agrees
plausibly with the orders of magnitude observed. Various consequences and
limitations, as well as alternative explanations, are discussed. We argue that
another mechanism, possibly related to damage cavity coalescence, is needed to
account for the observed large scale roughness of cracks that is characterized
by a roughness exponent approximately equal to 0.8

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 664 </DOCNO>
Splitting between quadrupole modes of dilute quantum gas in a two


  We consider quadrupole excitations of quasi-two dimensional interacting
quantum gas in an anisotropic harmonic oscillator potential at zero
temperature. Using the time-dependent variational approach, we calculate a few
low-lying collective excitation frequencies of a two dimensional anisotropic
Bose gas. Within the energy weighted sum-rule approach, we derive a general
dispersion relation of two quadrupole excitations of a two dimensional deformed
trapped quantum gas. This dispersion relation is valid for both statistics. We
show that the quadrupole excitation frequencies obtained from both methods are
exactly the same. Using this general dispersion relation, we also calculate the
quadrupole frequencies of a two dimensional unpolarized Fermi gas in an
anisotropic trap. For both cases, we obtain analytic expressions for the
quadrupole frequencies and the splitting between them for arbitrary value of
trap deformation. This splitting decreases with increasing interaction strength
for both statistics. For two dimensional anisotropic Fermi gas, the two
quadrupole frequencies and the splitting between them become independent of the
particle number within the Thomas-Fermi approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6472 </DOCNO>
Vortex glass transition in a random pinning model


  We study the vortex glass transition in disordered high temperature
superconductors using Monte Carlo simulations. We use a random pinning model
with strong point-correlated quenched disorder, a net applied magnetic field,
longrange vortex interactions, and periodic boundary conditions. From a finite
size scaling study of the helicity modulus, the RMS current, and the
resistivity, we obtain critical exponents at the phase transition. The new
exponents differ substantially from those of the gauge glass model, but are
consistent with those of the pure three-dimensional XY model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125028 </DOCNO>
A joint fit to the cosmological Model and the T-M and L_x-T relations


  In this work we show how well can the cosmological parameters be constrained
using galaxy cluster data. We also show how in the process of fitting the model
which attempts to describe the data it is possible to get some information
about the cluster scaling relations T-M and L_x-T. Among other conclusions we
found that only low density universes (Omega approx. 0.3 with or without
cosmological constant) are compatible with recent data sets. These constraints
will be improved with future SZ data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7 </DOCNO>
A method for collective excitation of Bose-Einstein condensate


  It is shown that by an appropriate modification of the trapping potential one
may create collective excitation in cold atom Bose-Einstein condensate. The
proposed method is complementary to earlier suggestions. It seems to be
feasible experimentally --- it requires only a proper change in time of the
potential in atomic traps, as realized in laboratories already.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126203 </DOCNO>
Time-resolved spectroscopy and photometry of the dwarf nova FS Aurigae


  We present results of non-simultaneous time-resolved photometric and
spectroscopic observations of the little-studied dwarf nova FS Aur in
quiescence. The spectrum of FS Aur shows strong and broad emission lines of
hydrogen and HeI, and of weaker HeII 4686 and CIII/NIII blend, similar to other
quiescent dwarf novae. All emission lines are single-peaked, however their form
varies with orbital phase. Absorption lines from a late-type secondary are not
detected. From the radial velocity measurements of the hydrogen lines H$_\beta$
and H$_\gamma$ we determined a most probable orbital period P=0.059+-0.002.
This period agrees well with the 0.0595+-0.0001 estimate by Thorstensen et al.
(1996). On the other hand, the period of photometric modulations is longer than
the spectroscopic period and can be estimated as 3 hours. Longer time coverage
during a single night is needed to resolve this problem. Using the
semi-amplitude of the radial velocities, obtained from measurements of hydrogen
and helium lines, and some empirical and theoretical relations we limited the
basic parameters of the system: a mass ratio q>=0.22, a primary mass M_1=0.34 -
0.46 M_sun, a secondary mass M_2<= 0.1M_sun, and an inclination angle
i=51^{\circ} - 65^{\circ}. Doppler tomography has shown at least two bright
regions in the accretion disk of FS Aur. The first, brighter spot is located at
phase about 0.6. The second spot is located opposite the first one and occupies
an extensive area at phases about 0.85 - 1.15.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3570 </DOCNO>
Transport theory of multiterminal hybrid structures


  We derive a microscopic transport theory of multiterminal hybrid structures
in which a superconductor is connected to several spin-polarized electrodes. We
discuss the non-perturbative physics of extended contacts, and show that it can
be well represented by averaging out the phase of the electronic wave function.
The maximal conductance of a two-channel contact is proportional to $(e^2/h)
(a_0/D)^2 \exp{[-D/\xi(\omega^*)]}$, where $D$ is the distance between the
contacts, $a_0$ the lattice spacing, $\xi(\omega)$ is the superconducting
coherence length, and $\omega^*$ is the cross-over frequency between a
perturbative regime ($\omega< \omega^*$) and a non perturbative regime
($\omega^* < \omega < \Delta$). The intercontact Andreev reflection and elastic
cotunneling conductances are not equal if the electronic phases take a fixed
value. However, these two quantities do coincide if one can average out the
electronic phase. The equality between the Andreev and cotunneling conductances
is also valid in the presence of at least one extended contact in which the
phases take deterministic values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148155 </DOCNO>
Non-critical Non-singular Bosonic Strings, Linear Dilatons and


  $AdS_{5}$ with linear dilaton and non vanishing $B$-field is shown to be a
solution of the non critical string beta function equations. A non critical
$(D=5)$ solution interpolating between flat space-time and $AdS_{5}$, with
asymptotic linear dilaton and non vanishing $B$-field is also presented. This
solution is free of space-time singularities and has got the string coupling
constant everywhere bounded. Both solutions admit holographic interpretation in
terms of ${\cal N}=0$ field theories. Closed string tachyon stability is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4972 </DOCNO>
Spin transport and relaxation in superconductors


  We study theoretically the effect of spin relaxation on the spin transport in
a ferromagnet(FM)/superconductor(SC) tunnel junction. When spin-polarized
electrons are injected into the SC from the FM, non-equilibrium spin
accumulation as well as spin current are created in the range of the spin
diffusion length in the SC. We find that the spin diffusion length in the
superconducting state is the same as that in the normal state. We examine a
FM/SC/SC double tunnel junction, and show that the spin current is detected by
Joule heat generated at the Josephson junction. This provides a new method to
obtain the spin diffusion length by probing the spin current in SCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73471 </DOCNO>
Sigma/Glueball Decay of D$^+$ and D$^+_s$


  Recently the D$^+$ charm meson was observed to have a clear branching ratio
into the low energy $\pi-\pi$ sigma resonance, while this channel was not
detected in the D$_s^+$ decay. It is shown that this is consistent with the
standard treatment of exclusive charm meson decays and a proposed
glueball/sigma picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 163 </DOCNO>
Application of relative configurational entropy as a measure of spatial


  Based on the digitized electron micrographs, we investigate a temperature
evolution of Co/C film. The simple in usage quantitative characterization of
the spatial disorder for systems of point objects has been employed. We show
that a dominant increase of spatial inhomogeneity of cobalt phase is shifted
towards the larger length scales along the sample heating temperature. The
results allow the subtle differences of spatial inhomogeneity in thin metallic
films to be explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74439 </DOCNO>
The Search for New Physics in D^0 --> gamma gamma Decay


  We present main results of the investigation of the rare decay mode D^0
-->gamma gamma, in which the long distance contributions are expected to be
dominant. Using the Heavy Quark Chiral Lagrangian we have considered the
anomaly contribution which relates to the annihilation part of the weak
Lagrangian and the one - loop pi, K diagrams. The loop contributions which are
proportional to g and contain the a_1 Wilson coefficient are found to dominate
the decay amplitude. The branching ratio is then calculated to be (1.0+-0.5)x
10^{-8}. Observation of an order of magnitude larger branching ratio could
signal new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41232 </DOCNO>
Precision Measurement of Muon g-2 at BNL


  The Muon (g-2) Experiment (E821) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has
measured the anomalous magnetic moment of the positive muon to an unprecedented
precision of 1.3 parts per million. The result, a_{\mu^+} = (g-2)/2 = 11 659
202(14)(6) X 10^{-10}, is based on data recorded in 1999 and is in good
agreement with previous measurements. Upcoming analysis of data recorded in
2000 and 2001 will substantially reduce the uncertainty on this measurement.
Comparison of the new world average experimental value with the most
comprehensive Standard Model calculation, a_\mu(SM) = 11 659 159.6(6.7) X
10^{-10}, yields a difference of a_\mu(exp)-a_\mu(SM) = 43(16) X 10^{-10}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81405 </DOCNO>
Generalized Lattice Gauge Theory, Spin Foams and State Sum Invariants


  We construct a generalization of pure lattice gauge theory (LGT) where the
role of the gauge group is played by a tensor category. The type of tensor
category admissible (spherical, ribbon, symmetric) depends on the dimension of
the underlying manifold (<=3, <=4, any). Ordinary LGT is recovered if the
category is the (symmetric) category of representations of a compact Lie group.
In the weak coupling limit we recover discretized BF-theory in terms of a
coordinate free version of the spin foam formulation. We work on general
cellular decompositions of the underlying manifold.
  In particular, we are able to formulate LGT as well as spin foam models of
BF-type with quantum gauge group (in dimension <=4) and with supersymmetric
gauge group (in any dimension).
  Technically, we express the partition function as a sum over diagrams
denoting morphisms in the underlying category. On the LGT side this enables us
to introduce a generalized notion of gauge fixing corresponding to a
topological move between cellular decompositions of the underlying manifold. On
the BF-theory side this allows a rather geometric understanding of the state
sum invariants of Turaev/Viro, Barrett/Westbury and Crane/Yetter which we
recover.
  The construction is extended to include Wilson loop and spin network type
observables as well as manifolds with boundaries. In the topological (weak
coupling) case this leads to TQFTs with or without embedded spin networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74669 </DOCNO>
Sterile neutrino creating a reduced LSND effect


  Although the hypothetic sterile neutrino $\nu_s$ is probably not involved
significantly in the deficits of solar $\nu_e$'s and atmospheric $\nu_\mu$'s,
it may cause the possible LSND effect. In fact, we face such a situation, when
the popular nearly bimaximal texture of active neutrinos $\nu_e$, $\nu_\mu$,
$\nu_\tau$ is perturbed through a small rotation in the 14 plane, where $\nu_4$
is the extra neutrino mass state induced by the sterile neutrino $\nu_s$. Then,
with $m^2_1\simeq m^2_2$ we predict in the simplest case of $s_{13}\to0$ that
$\sin^22\theta_{\rm LSND}=s^4_{14}/2$ and $\Delta m^2_{\rm LSND} = |\Delta
m^2_{41}|$. However, the negative CHOOZ experiment imposes on $s^4_{14}/2$ the
upper bound $1.3\times10^{-3}$, suggesting a reduction of the amplitude of
possible LSND effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113614 </DOCNO>
On Whether People Have the Capacity to Make Observations of Mutually


  It has been shown by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen that in quantum mechanics
either one of two different wave functions predicting specific values for
quantities represented by non-commuting Hermitian operators can characterize
the same physical existent, without a physical interaction responsible for
which wave function occurs. This result means that one can make predictions
regarding mutually exclusive features of a physical existent. It is important
to ask whether people have the capacity to make observations of mutually
exclusive phenomena. Our everyday experience informs us that a human observer
is capable of observing only one set of physical circumstances at a time.
Evidence from psychology, though, indicates that people may have the capacity
to make observations of mutually exclusive physical phenomena, even though this
capacity is not generally recognized. Working independently, Sigmund Freud and
William James provided some of this evidence. How the nature of the quantum
mechanical wave function is associated with the problem posed by Einstein,
Podolsky, and Rosen is addressed at the end of the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4793 </DOCNO>
The electronic structure of the doped one-dimensional transition metal


  A strong anisotropic distribution of the holes in Ni 3d and O 2p orbitals is
observed in the polarization dependent O1s and Ni2p3/2 x-ray absorption
spectroscopy of the linear-chain nickelate Y1-xCaxBaNiO5 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1,
0.2), which demonstrates the one-dimensional nature of the electronic state in
these compounds. Furthermore, the additional holes introduced by Ca-doping
occupy both O 2p and Ni 3d orbitals along the NiO5 chains. By comparing the
experimental Ni 2p3/2 absorption spectra of Y1-xCaxBaNiO5 to those from charge
transfer multiplet calculations we can derive the orbital character of the
additional holes to be of ca. 60% O2p and ca. 40% Ni 3d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74212 </DOCNO>
Effects of Neutrino Oscillation on the Supernova Neutrino Spectrum


  The effects of three-flavor neutrino oscillation on the supernova neutrino
spectrum are studied. We calculate the expected event rate and energy spectra,
and their time evolution at the Superkamiokande (SK) and the Sudbury Neutrino
Observatory (SNO), by using a realistic neutrino burst model based on numerical
simulations of supernova explosions. We also employ a realistic density profile
based on a presupernova model for the calculation of neutrino conversion
probability in supernova envelopes. These realistic models and numerical
calculations allow us to quantitatively estimate the effects of neutrino
oscillation in a more realistic way than previous studies. We then found that
the degeneracy of the solutions of the solar neutrino problem can be broken by
the combination of the SK and SNO detections of a future Galactic supernova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97362 </DOCNO>
String field theory and brane superpotentials


  I discuss tree-level amplitudes in cubic topological string field theory,
showing that a certain family of gauge conditions leads to an A-infty algebra
of tree-level string products which define a potential describing the dynamics
of physical states. Upon using results of modern deformation theory, I show
that the string moduli space admits two equivalent descriptions, one given in
standard Maurer-Cartan fashion and another given in terms of a `homotopy
Maurer-Cartan problem', which describes the critical set of the potential. By
applying this construction to the topological A and B models, I obtain an
intrinsic formulation of `D-brane superpotentials' in terms of string field
theory data. This gives a prescription for computing such quantities to all
orders, and proves the equivalence of this formulation with the fundamental
description in terms of string field moduli. In particular, it clarifies the
relation between the Chern-Simons/holomorphic Chern-Simons actions and the
superpotential for A/B-type branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75853 </DOCNO>
Nested Sums, Expansion of Transcendental Functions and Multi-Scale


  Expansion of higher transcendental functions in a small parameter are needed
in many areas of science. For certain classes of functions this can be achieved
by algebraic means. These algebraic tools are based on nested sums and can be
formulated as algorithms suitable for an implementation on a computer.
Examples, such as expansions of generalized hypergeometric functions or Appell
functions are discussed. As a further application, we give the general solution
of a two-loop integral, the so-called C-topology, in terms of multiple nested
sums. In addition, we discuss some important properties of nested sums, in
particular we show that they satisfy a Hopf algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5328 </DOCNO>
Nature of largest cluster size distribution at the percolation threshold


  Two distinct distribution functions $P_{sp}(m)$ and $P_{ns}(m)$ of the scaled
largest cluster sizes $m$ are obtained at the percolation threshold by
numerical simulations, depending on the condition whether the lattice is
actually spanned or not. With $R(p_c)$ the spanning probability, the total
distribution of the largest cluster is given by $P_{tot}(m) = R(p_c)P_{sp}(m) +
(1-R(p_c))P_{ns}(m)$. The three distributions apparently have similar forms in
three and four dimensions while in two dimensions, $P_{tot}(m)$ does not follow
a familiar form. By studying the first and second cumulants of the distribution
functions, the different behaviour of $P_{tot}(m)$ in different dimensions may
be quantified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99191 </DOCNO>
Decoupling of Translations from Homogeneous Transformations in


  We briefly report on our result that, if there exists a realization of a Hopf
algebra $H$ in a $H$-module algebra $A$, then their cross-product is equal to
the product of $A$ itself with a subalgebra isomorphic to $H$ and commuting
with $A$. We illustrate its application to the Euclidean quantum groups in
$N\ge 3$ dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128412 </DOCNO>
The stellar mass ratio of GK Persei


  We study the absorption lines present in the spectra of the long-period
cataclysmic variable GK Per during its quiescent state, which are associated
with the secondary star. By comparing quiescent data with outburst spectra we
infer that the donor star appears identical during the two states and the inner
face of the secondary star is not noticeably irradiated by flux from the
accreting regions. We obtain new values for the radial velocity semi-amplitude
of the secondary star, Kk = 120.5 +- 0.7 km/s, a projected rotational velocity,
Vksin i = 61.5 +- 11.8 km/s and consequently a measurement of the stellar mass
ratio of GK Per, q = Mk/Mwd = 0.55 +- 0.21. The inferred white dwarf radial
velocities are greater than those measured traditionally using the wings of
Doppler-broadened emission lines suspected to originate in an accretion disk,
highlighting the unsuitability of emission lines for mass determinations in
cataclysmic variables. We determine mass limits for both components in the
binary, Mk >= 0.48 +- 0.32 Msolar and Mwd >= 0.87 +- 0.24 Msolar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86420 </DOCNO>
On Ellis' programme within fourth order gravity


  For the non-tachyonic curvature squared action we show that the expanding
Bianchi-type I models tend to the dust-filled Einstein-de Sitter model for t
tending to infinity if the metric is averaged over the typical oscillation
period. Applying a conformal equivalence between curvature squared action and a
minimally coupled scalar field (which holds for all dimensions > 2) the problem
is solved by discussing a massive scalar field in an anisotropic cosmological
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40814 </DOCNO>
Update on the Measurement of alpha_S with a 500 GeV Linear Collider


  An update on the prospects for the precise measurement of the strong coupling
constant alpha_S at a high energy Linear Collider via the three-jet rate is
presented. In particular, the issue of the distribution of center-of-mass
energies of the identified q-qbar event sample, which can affect the
determination of \alpha_S at the scale Q^2=(500 GeV)^2$, is addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168595 </DOCNO>
Kerr cat states from the four-photon Jaynes-Cummings model


  We investigate the dynamics of a four-photon Jaynes-Cummings model for large
photon number. It is shown that at certain times the cavity field is in a pure
state which is a superposition of two Kerr states, analogous to the
Schr\"{o}dinger cat state (superposition of two coherent states) which occurs
in the one and two photon cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75925 </DOCNO>
Searching for L-Violating Supersymmetry at the LHC


  The possibility to simulate lepton number violating supersymmetric models has
been introduced into the recently updated PYTHIA event generator, now
containing 1278 decay channels of SUSY particles into SM particles via lepton
number violating interactions. This generator has been used in combination with
the ATLFAST detector simulation to study the impact of lepton number violation
(LV) on event topologies in the ATLAS detector, and trigger menus designed for
LV-SUSY are proposed based on very general considerations. In addition, a
rather preliminary analysis is presented on the possibility for ATLAS to
observe a signal above the background in several mSUGRA scenarios, using a
combination of primitive cuts and neural networks to optimize the
discriminating power between signal and background events over regions of
parameter space rather than at individual points. It is found that a 5 sigma
discovery is possible roughly for m_{1/2} < 1TeV and m_0 < 2TeV with an
integrated luminosity of 30fb^{-1}, corresponding to one year of data taking
with the LHC running at ``mid-luminosity'', L = 3*10^{33}s^{-1}cm^{-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127686 </DOCNO>
Comparison of subclustering frequency determined from 2D and 3D data


  Frequencies of substructure within Abell clusters determined for the same
objects using the wavelet analysis for 2-D and 3-D data are similar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6915 </DOCNO>
Evolution of magnetic polarons and spin-carrier interactions through the


  Raman scattering studies as functions of temperature, magnetic field, and
Gd-substitution are used to investigate the evolution of magnetic polarons and
spin-carrier interactions through the metal-insulator transition in
Eu$_{1-x}$Gd$_{x}$O. These studies reveal a greater richness of phase behavior
than have been previously observed using transport measurements: a
spin-fluctuation-dominated paramagnetic (PM) phase regime for T $>$ T$^{*}$ $>$
T$_{C}$, a two-phase regime for T $<$ T$^{*}$ in which magnetic polarons
develop and coexist with a remnant of the PM phase, and an inhomogeneous
ferromagnetic phase regime for T $<$ T$_{C}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41847 </DOCNO>
What can we learn from $B\to$ $\rho (\omega) K$ decays?


  We show that in the PQCD approach the $B\to \rho(\omega) K$ decays display
not only the dynamical penguin enhancement, the mechanism responsible for the
large branching ratios (BRs) of $B\to \phi K$ decays, but also the importance
of annihilation contributions. We find that the CP asymmetries (CPAs) of $B\to
\rho^{\pm}K^{\mp}$, $B^{\mp}\to \rho^0(\omega)K^{\mp}$ (class I) are all over
50%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96327 </DOCNO>
Lattice paths, q-multinomials and two variants of the Andrews-Gordon


  A few years ago Foda, Quano, Kirillov and Warnaar proposed and proved various
finite analogs of the celebrated Andrews-Gordon identities. In this paper we
use these polynomial identities along with the combinatorial techniques
introduced in our recent paper to derive Garrett, Ismail, Stanton type formulas
for two variants of the Andrews-Gordon identities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150218 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative quantum mechanics in the presence of delta-function


  Quantum mechanics in the presence of $\delta$-function potentials is known to
be plagued by UV divergencies which result from the singular nature of the
potentials in question. The standard method for dealing with these divergencies
is by constructing self-adjoint extensions of the corresponding Hamiltonians.
Two particularly interesting examples of this kind are nonrelativistic spin
zero particles in $\delta$-function potential and Dirac particles in
Aharonov-Bohm magnetic background. In this paper we show that by extending the
corresponding Schr\"odinger and Dirac equations onto the flat noncommutative
space a well-defined quantum theory can be obtained. Using a star product and
Fock space formalisms we construct the complete sets of eigenfunctions and
eigenvalues in both cases which turn out to be finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81432 </DOCNO>
Low-lying fermion modes of Nf=2 improved Wilson fermions


  We present preliminary results for the topological charge and susceptibility
determined from the low-lying eigenmodes of the Wilson-Dirac operator. These
modes have been computed on dynamical configurations with Nf=2
non-perturbatively improved Wilson fermions. We compare our results with the
eigenmodes of fermions in the quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83544 </DOCNO>
Tree Contractions and Evolutionary Trees


  An evolutionary tree is a rooted tree where each internal vertex has at least
two children and where the leaves are labeled with distinct symbols
representing species. Evolutionary trees are useful for modeling the
evolutionary history of species. An agreement subtree of two evolutionary trees
is an evolutionary tree which is also a topological subtree of the two given
trees. We give an algorithm to determine the largest possible number of leaves
in any agreement subtree of two trees T_1 and T_2 with n leaves each. If the
maximum degree d of these trees is bounded by a constant, the time complexity
is O(n log^2(n)) and is within a log(n) factor of optimal. For general d, this
algorithm runs in O(n d^2 log(d) log^2(n)) time or alternatively in O(n d
sqrt(d) log^3(n)) time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150187 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Harmonic Maps into Lie Groups


  We look at the supersymmetric generalization of harmonic maps into Lie
groups, known to physicists as the chiral model. Explicit solutions to the
equations are found and examined using Backlund transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127915 </DOCNO>
X-ray Emission Processes in Radio Jets


  The emission processes responsible for the observed X-rays from radio jets
are commonly believed to be non-thermal, but in any particular case, it is
unclear if synchrotron emission or one or more varieties of inverse Compton
emission predominates. We present a formulation of inverse Compton emission
from a relativistically moving jet (``IC/beaming'') which relies on radio
emitting synchrotron sources for which the energy densities in particles and
fields are comparable. We include the non-isotropic nature of inverse Compton
scattering of the relativistic electrons on photons of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) and provide beaming parameters for a number of jets. A list of
X-ray emitting jets is given and the jets are classified on the basis of their
morphology and spectral energy distribution to determine their likely emission
process. We conclude that these jets have significant bulk relativistic
velocities on kpc scales; that higher redshift sources require less beaming
because the energy density of the CMB is significantly greater than locally;
and that for some nearby sources, synchrotron X-ray emission predominates
because the jet makes a large angle to the line of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96951 </DOCNO>
Calculating canonical distinguished involutions in the affine Weyl


  Distinguished involutions in the affine Weyl groups, defined by G. Lusztig,
play an essential role in the Kazhdan-Lusztig combinatorics of these groups. A
distinguished involution is called canonical if it is the shortest element in
its double coset with respect to the finite Weyl group. Each two-sided cell in
the affine Weyl group contains precisely one canonical distinguished
involution. In this note we calculate the canonical distinguished involutions
in the affine Weyl groups of rank <8. We also prove some partial results
relating canonical distinguished involutions and Dynkin's diagrams of the
nilpotent orbits in the Langlands dual group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98622 </DOCNO>
Hypercovers in topology


  We show that if U is a hypercover of a topological space X then the natural
map from hocolim U to X is a weak equivalence. This fact is used to construct
topological realization functors for the A^1-homotopy theory of schemes over
real and complex fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149739 </DOCNO>
Local Casimir Energy for a Wedge with circular outer boundary


  The local Casimir energy for a wedge with and without a circular outer
boundary due to the confinement of a massless scalar field with general
curvature coupling $\xi$ which satisfies the Dirichlet boundary conditions is
investigated. Regularization procedure is carried out by making use of the
generalized Abel-Plana formula. Surface divergences of the vacuum energy
density near the boundary is considered. The result might have applications for
cosmic strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96029 </DOCNO>
Stochastic version of the Erdos-Renyi limit theorem


  We generalise the Erdos-Renyi limit theorem on the maximum of the partial
sums of random variables to the case when the number of terms in these sums is
randomly distributed. Certain relations between the limiting theorems of this
type and the spectral theory of random graphs and random matrices are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129507 </DOCNO>
Search for high-frequency periodicities in time-tagged event data from


  We analyze the Time-Tagged Event (TTE) data from observations of gamma ray
bursts (GRBs) and soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) by the Burst and Transient Source
Experiment (BATSE). These data provide the best available time resolution for
GRBs and SGRs. We have performed an extensive search for weak periodic signals
in the frequency range 400 Hz to 2500 Hz using the burst records for 2203 GRBs
and 152 SGR flares. The study employs the Rayleigh power as a test statistic to
evaluate the evidence for periodic emissions. We find no evidence of periodic
emissions from these events at these frequencies. In all but a very few cases
the maximum power values obtained are consistent with what would be expected by
chance from a non-periodic signal. In those few instances where there is
marginal evidence for periodicity there are problems with the data that cast
doubt on the reality of the signal. For classical GRBs, the largest Rayleigh
power occurs in bursts whose TTE data appear to be corrupted. For SGRs, our
largest Rayleigh power, with a significance of 1%, occurs in one record for SGR
1900+14 (at 2497 Hz), and in no other outbursts associated with this source; we
thus consider it unlikely to represent detection of a real periodicity. From
simulations, we deduce that the Rayleigh test would have detected significant
oscillations with relative amplitude ~10% about half the time. Thus, we
conclude that high frequency oscillations, if present, must have small relative
amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114018 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Superluminal Propagation of an Electromagnetic Wave in Air


  The significance of the Lorentz gauge as a constraint on solutions of
Maxwellian waves is discussed. It is proved that recent claims of superluminal
propagation of electromagnetic waves rely on an erroneous basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127670 </DOCNO>
Unusual magnetic fields in the interacting spiral NGC 3627


  By observing the interacting galaxy NGC 3627 in radio polarization we try to
answer the question to which degree the magnetic field follows the galactic gas
flows. We obtained total power and polarized intensity maps at 8.46 GHz and
4.85 GHz using the VLA in its compact D-configuration. In order to overcome the
zero-spacing problems, the interferometric data were combined with single-dish
measurements obtained with the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope. The observed
magnetic field structure in NGC 3627 suggests that two field components are
superposed. One component smoothly fills the interarm space and shows up also
in the outermost disk regions, the other component follows a symmetric S-shaped
structure. In the western disk the latter component is well aligned with an
optical dust lane, following a bend which is possibly caused by external
interactions. However, in the SE disk the magnetic field crosses a heavy dust
lane segment, apparently being insensitive to strong density-wave effects. We
suggest that the magnetic field is decoupled from the gas by high turbulent
diffusion, in agreement with the large \ion{H}{i} line width in this region. We
discuss in detail the possible influence of compression effects and
non-axisymmetric gas flows on the general magnetic field asymmetries in NGC
3627. On the basis of the Faraday rotation distribution we also suggest the
existence of a large ionized halo around this galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74064 </DOCNO>
Systematic Exploration of the Neutrino Factory Parameter Space including


  We discuss in a systematic way the extraction of neutrino masses, mixing
angles and leptonic CP violation at neutrino factories. Compared to previous
studies we put a special emphasis on improved statistical methods and on the
multidimensional nature of the combined fits of the nu_e -> nu_mu, \bar nu_e ->
\bar nu_mu appearance and nu_mu -> nu_mu, \bar nu_mu -> \bar nu_mu
disappearance channels. Uncertainties of all involved parameters and
statistical errors are included. We find previously ignored correlations in the
multidimensional parameter space, leading to modifications in the physics
reach, which amount in some cases to one order of magnitude. Including proper
statistical errors we determine for all parameters the improved sensitivity
limits for various baselines, beam energies, neutrino fluxes and detector
masses. Our results allow a comparison of the physics potential for different
choices of baseline and beam energy with regard to all involved parameters. In
addition we discuss in more detail the problem of parameter degeneracies in
measurements of delta_CP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85945 </DOCNO>
A Ponzano-Regge model of Lorentzian 3-Dimensional gravity


  We present the construction of the partition function of 3-dimensional
gravity in the Lorentzian regime as a state sum model over a triangulation.
This generalize the work of Ponzano and Regge to the case of Lorentzian
signature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74486 </DOCNO>
Higher-twist operator effects to parton densities at small x


  We investigate the Q^2 evolution of parton distributions at small x values,
obtained in the case of flat initial conditions. The contributions of twist-two
and (renormalon-type) higher-twist operators of the Wilson operator product
expansion are taken into account. The results are in very good agreement with
deep inelastic scattering experimental data from HERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96341 </DOCNO>
Traces on non-commutative homogeneous spaces


  We study properties of C*-algebraic deformations of homogeneous spaces
$G/\Gamma$ which are equivariant in the sense that they preserve the natural
action of $G$ by left translation. The center is shown to be isomorphic to
$C(G/G_\rho^0)$ for a certain subgroup $G_\rho^0$ of $G$, and there is a 1-1
correspondence between normalised traces and probability measures on
$G/G_\rho^0$. This makes it possible to represent the deformed algebra as
operators over $L^2(G/\Gamma)$. Applications to K-theory are also mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98202 </DOCNO>
A new geometric approach to Lie systems and physical applications


  The characterization of systems of differential equations admitting a
superposition function allowing us to write the general solution in terms of
any fundamental set of particular solutions is discussed. These systems are
shown to be related with equations on a Lie group and with some connections in
fiber bundles. We develop two methods for dealing with such systems: the
generalized Wei--Norman method and the reduction method, which is very useful
when particular solutions of the original problem are known. The theory is
illustrated with some applications in both classical and quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148746 </DOCNO>
On U(1)-charged domain walls


  A classical field system of two interacting fields -- a real Higgs field and
a complex scalar field -- is considered. It is shown that in such field system
a non-trivial solution exists, which is U(1) charged topological kink. Some
questions of stability of the obtained solution are discussed. An improved
variational procedure for searching of topological U(1) charged solutions is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7588 </DOCNO>
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Defect States in the Semiconductor


  Scanning tunneling spectroscopy images of Bi$_2$Se$_3$ doped with excess Bi
reveal defect states with a peculiar shape resembling clover leaves. We employ
a simple tight-binding model to show that these states likely originate from
the Bi substitutional defects five atomic layers below the surface, resulting
from the interplay of defect and surface electronic structure. With first
principles calculations we establish a quantitative picture of the contribution
of the surface states to the near-gap differential conductance spectra of
Bi$_2$Se$_3$. Our results may lead to a new interpretation of the defect
electronic states observed in other semiconducting compounds with surface probe
techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114262 </DOCNO>
The Landau Damping Effect and Complex-valued Nature of Physical


  Within the framework of the hypothesis offered by authors about
complex-valued nature of physical quantities, the effect of the Landau damping
has been explored with assumption that not only frequency can be a small
imaginary component but also a wave vector. The numerical solution of the
obtained dispersion equation testifies that uncollisional damping is
accompanied in a certain region of space by antidumping of waves, and in
particular situations antidumping may prevail over damping. It is possible that
this effect may explain the experimental difficulties connected with inhibition
of instabilities of plasma in the problem of controllable thermonuclear fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6993 </DOCNO>
Crumpling a Thin Sheet


  Crumpled sheets have a surprisingly large resistance to further compression.
We have studied the crumpling of thin sheets of Mylar under different loading
conditions. When placed under a fixed compressive force, the size of a crumpled
material decreases logarithmically in time for periods up to three weeks. We
also find hysteretic behavior when measuring the compression as a function of
applied force. By using a pre-treating protocol, we control this hysteresis and
find reproducible scaling behavior for the size of the crumpled material as a
function of the applied force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98915 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic normality of kernel type deconvolution estimators


  We derive asymptotic normality of kernel type deconvolution estimators of the
density, the distribution function at a fixed point, and of the probability of
an interval. We consider the so called super smooth case where the
characteristic function of the known distribution decreases exponentially.
  It turns out that the limit behavior of the pointwise estimators of the
density and distribution function is relatively straightforward while the
asymptotics of the estimator of the probability of an interval depends in a
complicated way on the sequence of bandwidths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40711 </DOCNO>
Exclusive electroproduction of phi mesons at 4.2 GeV


  We studied the exclusive reaction e p --> e' p' phi using the phi --> K^+ K^-
decay mode. The data were collected using a 4.2 GeV incident electron beam and
the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. Our experiment covers the range in Q^2 from
0.7 to 2.2 GeV^2, and W from 2.0 to 2.6 GeV. Taken together with all previous
data, we find a consistent picture of phi production on the proton. Our
measurement shows the expected decrease of the t-slope with the vector meson
formation time c Delta tau below 2 fm. At = 0.6 fm, we measure b_phi = 2.27 +-
0.42 GeV^-2. The cross section dependence on W as W^{0.2+-0.1} at Q^2 = 1.3
GeV^2 was determined by comparison with phi production at HERA after correcting
for threshold effects. This is the same dependence as observed in
photoproduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127896 </DOCNO>
Images of an equatorial outflow in SS433


  We have imaged the X-ray binary SS433 with unprecedented Fourier-plane
coverage at 6cm using simultaneously the VLBA, MERLIN, and the VLA, and also at
20cm with the VLBA. At both wavelengths we have securely detected smooth,
low-surface brightness emission having the appearance of a `ruff' or collar
attached perpendicularly to the well-studied knotty jets in this system,
extending over at least a few hundred AU. We interpret this smooth emission as
a wind-like outflow from the binary, and discuss its implications for the
present evolutionary stage of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149292 </DOCNO>
Zero-Branes, Quantum Mechanics and the Cosmological Constant


  We analyse some dynamical issues in a modified type IIA supergravity,
recently proposed as an extension of M-theory that admits de Sitter space. In
particular we find that this theory has multiple zero-brane solutions. This
suggests a microscopic quantum mechanical matrix description which yields a
massive deformation of the usual M(atrix) formulation of M-theory and type IIA
string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1099 </DOCNO>
Topological quantization and degeneracy in Josephson-junction arrays


  We consider the conductivity quantization in two-dimensional arrays of
mesoscopic Josephson junctions, and examine the associated degeneracy in
various regimes of the system. The filling factor of the system may be
controlled by the gate voltage as well as the magnetic field, and its
appropriate values for quantization is obtained by employing the Jain hierarchy
scheme both in the charge description and in the vortex description. The
duality between the two descriptions then suggests the possibility that the
system undergoes a change in degeneracy while the quantized conductivity
remains fixed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75709 </DOCNO>
Jet fragmentation in e^+e^- annihilation


  A short review of theoretical and experimental results on fragmentation in
e^+e^- annihilation is presented. Starting with an introduction of the concept
of fragmentation functions in e^+e^- annihilation, aspects of scaling
violation, multiplicities, small and large x, longitudinal, gluon, light and
heavy quark fragmentation are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72740 </DOCNO>
Fully differential QCD corrections to single top quark final states


  A new next-to-leading order Monte Carlo program for calculation of fully
differential single top quark final states is described and first results
presented. Both the s- and t-channel contributions are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126968 </DOCNO>
Hubble Constant at Intermediate Redshift using the CO-Line Tully-Fisher


  We have determined distances and Hubble ratios for galaxies at intermediate
redshifts, cz=about 10,000 to 35,000 km/s, by applying the CO-line Tully-Fisher
relation to our 12CO (J=1-0)-line observations using the Nobeyama 45-m
telescope, and near-IR (NIR) photometry in the J and H bands using the 1.88-m
telescope at Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. By averaging the Hubble ratios
from J-band result, we obtain a Hubble constant of H_0 = 60 (+/- 10) km/s/Mpc.
We argue that the CO line-NIR TFR can be a complimentary method to the other
methods for measuring distances of galaxies at intermediate and high redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41802 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Charm Structure Function of the Photon at LEP


  Charm production is studied in deep-inelastic electron-photon scattering
using OPAL data at e+e- centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 209 GeV. Charm
quarks are identified by exclusive reconstruction of D* mesons. The
cross-section of D* production is measured in a restricted kinematic region,
and then extrapolated to the total charm production cross-section and the charm
structure function of the photon. For x>0.1 the measurement is well described
by Monte Carlo models and perturbative QCD calculations but for x<0.1 the
predictions are lower than the data both in the directly measured region and
after the extrapolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126302 </DOCNO>
SED, Age and Metallicity of Star Clusters in M33


  In this paper we present CCD spectrophotometry of the star clusters that were
detected by Chandar, Bianchi, & Ford in the nearby spiral galaxy M33, using the
images obtained with the Beijing Astronomical Observatory 60/90 cm Schmidt
Telescope in 13 intermediate-band filters from 3800 to 10000{\AA}. The
observations cover the whole area of M33 with a total integration of 32.75
hours from September 23, 1995 to August 28, 2000. This provides a multi-color
map of M33 in pixels of $1.7'' \times 1.7''$. By aperture photometry, we obtain
the spetral energy distributions (SEDs) of these star clusters. Using
theoretical stellar population synthesis models, we also obtain the
distributions of age and metallicity of of these star clusters. These clusters
formed continuously from $\sim 3\times10^6$ -- $10^{10}$ years, and have a
large span of metallicity from ${\rm {Z}=0.0004}$ to ${\rm {Z}=0.05}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3582 </DOCNO>
Large transport critical currents in dense Fe- and Ni-clad MgB2


  We report on the preparation of dense monofilamentary MgB2/Ni and MgB2/Fe
tapes with high critical current densities. In annealed MgB2/Ni tapes, we
obtained transport critical current densities as high as 2.3*105 A/cm2 at 4.2 K
and 1.5 T, and for MgB2/Fe tapes 104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 6.5 T. To the best of
our knowledge, these are the highest transport jc values at 4.2 K reported for
MgB2 based tapes so far. An extrapolation to zero field of the MgB2/Fe data
gives a critical current value of ~ 1 MA/cm2, corresponding to an critical
current value well above 1000 A. The high jc values obtained after annealing
are a consequence of sintering densification and grain reconnection. Fe does
not react with MgB2 and is thus an excellent sheath material candidate for
tapes with self-field jc values at 4.2 K in excess of 1 MA/cm2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5576 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport Properties of Antiferromagnetic YBa_2Cu_3O_6.25 Single


  In-plane and out-of-plane magnetoresistivities (MR) of antiferromagnetic
YBa_2Cu_3O_6.25 single crystals were measured in magnetic fields H applied
along the (ab) plane. In-plane MR is a superposition of two components: The
first component is strongly in-plane anisotropic, changing sign from negative
when H is parallel to the electrical current I to positive when H is
perpendicular to I. The second component is positive, quadratic in H, and
isotropic in the (ab)-plane. The out-of-plane MR displays a fourfold symmetry
upon in-plane rotation of the magnetic field, with maxima along the easy axes
of antiferromagnetic spin ordering and minima along unfavorable directions of
spin orientation (45 degrees from the Cu-O-Cu bonds).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124245 </DOCNO>
Photometric detection of high proper motions in dense stellar fields


  The Difference Image Analysis (DIA) of the images obtained by the Optical
Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE-II) revealed a peculiar artifact in the
sample of stars proposed as variable by Wozniak (2000) in one of the Galactic
bulge fields: the occurrence of pairs of candidate variables showing
anti-correlated light curves monotonic over a period of 3 years. This effect
can be understood, quantified and related to the stellar proper motions. DIA
photometry supplemented with a simple model offers an effective and easy way to
detect high proper motion stars (HPM stars) in very dense stellar fields, where
conventional astrometric searches are extremely inefficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4275 </DOCNO>
In-plane polarized collective modes in detwinned


  The in-plane dielectric response of detwinned YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.95}$ has
been studied by far-infared ellipsometry. A surprisingly lare number of
in-plane polarized modes are observed. Some of them correspond to pure phonon
modes. Others posses a large electronic contribution which strongly increases
in the superconducting state. The free carrier response and the collective
modes exhibit a pronounced a-b anisotropy. We discuss our results in terms of a
CDW state in the 1-d CuO chains and induced charge density fluctuations within
the 2-d CuO$_{2}$ planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86756 </DOCNO>
Spin Foam Models of Matter Coupled to Gravity


  We construct a class of spin foam models describing matter coupled to
gravity, such that the gravitational sector is described by the unitary
irreducible representations of the appropriate symmetry group, while the matter
sector is described by the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of
that group. The corresponding spin foam amplitudes in the four-dimensional
gravity case are expressed in terms of the spin network amplitudes for
pentagrams with additional external and internal matter edges. We also give a
quantum field theory formulation of the model, where the matter degrees of
freedom are described by spin network fields carrying the indices from the
appropriate group representation. In the non-topological Lorentzian gravity
case, we argue that the matter representations should be appropriate SO(3) or
SO(2) representations contained in a given Lorentz matter representation,
depending on whether one wants to describe a massive or a massless matter
field. The corresponding spin network amplitudes are given as multiple
integrals of propagators which are matrix spherical functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127900 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Shear from STIS Pure Parallels: Analysis


  The measurement of cosmic shear requires deep imaging with high image quality
on many lines of sight to sample the statistics of large-scale structure. The
expected distortion of galaxy images by cosmic shear on the STIS angular scale
is a few percent, therefore the PSF anisotropy has to be understood and
controlled to an accuracy better than 1%. In this poster we present the
analysis of the PSF of STIS and a preliminary cosmic shear measurement using
archival data from the STIS pure parallel program to show that the STIS camera
on-board HST is well suited for our project. The data reduction and catalog
production are described in an accompanying paper (astro-ph/0102330).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126078 </DOCNO>
Cold Dark Matter Halos Must Burn


  High-quality optical rotation curves for a sample of low-luminosity spirals
evidence that the dark halos around galaxies are inconsistent with the output
of proper CDM simulations. In fact, dark halos enveloping stellar disks are
structures with approximately a constant density out to the optical edges. This
is in strong disagreement with the characteristic rho(r) ~ r^(-1.5) CDM regime
and severely challenges the "standard" CDM theory, also because the halo
density appears to be heated up, at gross variance with the hierarchical
evolution of collision-free particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74771 </DOCNO>
Non-local symmetry breaking in Kaluza-Klein theories


  Scherk-Schwarz gauge symmetry breaking of a D-dimensional field theory model
compactified on a circle is analyzed. It is explicitly shown that forbidden
couplings in the unbroken theory appear in the one-loop effective action only
in a non-local way, implying that they are finite at all orders in perturbation
theory. This result can be understood as a consequence of the local gauge
symmetry, but it holds true also in the global limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125146 </DOCNO>
Back to the subseismic approximation for core undertones


  The problem of the long-period gravity modes of the Earth outer fluid core is
investigated using either the subseismic or the anelastic approximation These
two approximations aim at filtering out the uninteresting short-period seismic
or acoustic oscillations while taking into account the density variations
across the core However, they differ on the form of the equation of mass
conservation since the density perturbations do not contribute to the mass
balance in the anelastic case Here we show that these two approximations lead
to the almost same results because of the weakness of the core stratification
due to the convective mixing The anelastic approximation should be however
preferred because it is simpler, mathematically self-consistent and is the only
one which can be applied to problems with a stronger stratification such as the
ones encountered in radiative zones of stars

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1604 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic Quantum Spins on the Pyrochlore Lattice


  The ground state of the S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore
lattice is theoretically investigated. Starting from the limit of isolated
tetrahedra, I include interactions between the tetrahedra and obtain an
effective model for the spin-singlet ground state multiplet by third-order
perturbation. I determine its ground state using the mean-field approximation
and found a dimerized state with a four-sublattice structure, which agrees with
the proposal by Harris et al. I also discuss chirality correlations and spin
correlations for this state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1068 </DOCNO>
Casimir Torques between Anisotropic Boundaries in Nematic Liquid


  Fluctuation-induced interactions between anisotropic objects immersed in a
nematic liquid crystal are shown to depend on the relative orientation of these
objects. The resulting long-range ``Casimir'' torques are explicitely
calculated for a simple geometry where elastic effects are absent. Our study
generalizes previous discussions restricted to the case of isotropic walls, and
leads to new proposals for experimental tests of Casimir forces and torques in
nematics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4771 </DOCNO>
Josephson Junction Arrays with Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We report on the direct observation of an oscillating atomic current in a
one-dimensional array of Josephson junctions realized with an atomic
Bose-Einstein condensate. The array is created by a laser standing-wave, with
the condensates trapped in the valleys of the periodic potential and weakly
coupled by the inter-well barriers. The coherence of multiple tunneling between
adjacent wells is continuously probed by atomic interference. The square of the
small-amplitude oscillation frequency is proportional to the microscopic
tunneling rate of each condensate through the barriers, and provides a direct
measurement of the Josephson critical current as a function of the intermediate
barrier heights. Our superfluid array may allow investigation of phenomena so
far inaccessible to superconducting Josephson junctions and lays a bridge
between the condensate dynamics and the physics of discrete nonlinear media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97004 </DOCNO>
Approximations and selections of multivalued mappings of


  We prove extension-dimensional versions of finite dimensional selection and
approximation theorems. As applications, we obtain several results on extension
dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113522 </DOCNO>
Quasi-quantization of writhe in ideal knots


  The values of writhe of the most tight conformations, found by the SONO
algorithm, of all alternating prime knots with up to 10 crossings are analysed.
The distribution of the writhe values is shown to be concentrated around the
equally spaced levels. As predicted by Cerf and Stasiak the writhe quantum is
shown to be close to the rational 4/7 value. The deviation of the writhe values
from the n*(4/7) writhe levels scheme is analysed quantitatively. Consequences
of the writhe quantization phenomenon are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81216 </DOCNO>
Branes in the 5D Abelian Higgs Model


  We find 3-brane Higgs and Coulomb phases in the 5D Abelian Higgs Model and
determine the transition surfaces that separate them from the usual bulk
phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4612 </DOCNO>
Magnetic domain walls as mesoscopic objects


  This is an intoduction to the theory of the essentially mesoscopic phenomena
for the magnetic domain walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6473 </DOCNO>
Magnetic-Superconducting phase-diagram of Eu2-xCexRuSr2Cu2O10


  Eu2-xCexRuSr2Cu2O10-d (Ru-2122) is the first Cu-O based system in which
superconductivity (SC) in the CuO2 planes and weak-ferromagnetism (W-FM) in the
Ru sub-lattice coexists. The hole doping in the CuO2 planes, is controlled by
appropriate variation of the Ce concentration. SC occurs for Ce contents of
0.4-0.8, with the highest TC=35 K for Ce=0.6. The as-prepared non-SC
EuCeRuSr2Cu2O10 (x=1) sample exhibits magnetic irreversibility below Tirr=125 K
and orders anti-ferromagnetically (AFM) at TM =165 K. The saturation moment at
5 K is Msat=0.89 mB /Ru close to the expected 1 mB for the low-spin state of
Ru5+. Annealing under oxygen pressures, does not affect these parameters,
whereas depletion of oxygen shifts both Tirr and TM up to 169 and 215 K
respectively. Systematic magnetic studies on Eu2-xCexRuSr2Cu2O10-d show that
TM, Tirr and Msat decrease with x, and the Ce dependent magnetic-SC phase
diagram is presented. A simple model for the SC state is proposed. We interpret
the magnetic behavior in the framework of our ac and dc magnetic studies, and
argue that: (i) the system becomes AFM ordered at TM; (b) at Tirr < TM, W-FM is
induced by the canting of the Ru moments, and (c), at lower temperatures the
appropriate samples become SC at TC. The magnetic features are not affected by
the SC state, and the two states coexist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99127 </DOCNO>
The Hilbert functions of ACM sets of points in P^{n_1} x ... x P^{n_k}


  The Hilbert functions of sets of distinct points in P^n have been
characterized. We show that if we restrict to sets of distinct of points in
P^{n_1} x ... x P^{n_k} that are also arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay (ACM for
short), then there is a natural generalization of this result. We begin by
determining the possible values for the invariants K-dim R/Ix and depth R/Ix,
where R/Ix is the coordinate ring associated to a set of distinct points X in
P^{n_1} x ... x P^{n_k}. At the end of this paper we give a new
characterization of ACM sets of points in P^1 x P^1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4813 </DOCNO>
Molecular Beam Epitaxy of Wurtzite (Ga,Mn)N Films on Sapphire(0001)


  Wurtzite (Ga,Mn)N films showing ferromagnetic behaviour at room temperature
were successfully grown on sapphire(0001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy
using ammonia as nitrogen source. Magnetization measurements were carried out
by a superconducting quantum interference device at the temperatures between
1.8K and 300K with magnetic field applied parallel to the film plane up to 7T.
The magnetic-field dependence of magnetization of a (Ga,Mn)N film at 300K were
ferromagnetic, while a GaN film showed Pauli paramagnetism like behaviour. The
Curie temperatures of a (Ga,Mn)N film was estimated as 940K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98320 </DOCNO>
Topological entropy of a magnetic flow and the growth of the number of


  We prove formulae relating the topological entropy of a magnetic flow to the
growth rate of the average number of trajectories connecting two points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168701 </DOCNO>
Distinguishability of the Bell states


  More than two multipartite orthogonal states cannot always be discriminated
(with certainty) if only local operations and classical communication (LOCC)
are allowed. Using an existing inequality among the measures of entanglement,
we show that any three Bell states cannot be discriminated by LOCC. Exploiting
the inequality, we calculate the distillable entanglement of a certain class of
(4\otimes 4) mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149144 </DOCNO>
Existence of Bound States in Continuous 0<D<\infty Dimensions


  In modern fundamental theories there is consideration of higher dimensions,
often in the context of what can be written as a Schr\"odinger equation. Thus,
the energetics of bound states in different dimensions is of interest. By
considering the quantum square well in continuous $D$ dimensions, it is shown
that there is always a bound state for $0<D \le 2$. This binding is complete
for D \to 0 and exponentially small for D \to 2_-. For D>2, a finite-sized well
is always needed for there to be a bound state. This size grows like D^2 as D
gets large. By adding the proper angular momentum tail a volcano, zero-energy,
bound state can be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129200 </DOCNO>
Can a Dusty Warm Absorber Model Reproduce the Soft X-ray Spectra of


  XMM-Newton RGS spectra of MCG-6-30-15 and Mrk 766 exhibit complex discrete
structure, which was interpreted in a paper by Branduardi-Raymont et al. (2001)
as evidence for the existence of relativistically broadened Lyman alpha
emission from carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, produced in the inner-most regions
of an accretion disk around a Kerr black hole. This suggestion was subsequently
criticized in a paper by Lee et al. (2001), who argued that for MCG-6-30-15,
the Chandra HETG spectrum, which is partially overlapping the RGS in spectral
coverage, is adequately fit by a dusty warm absorber model, with no
relativistic line emission. We present a reanalysis of the original RGS data
sets in terms of the Lee et al. (2001) model, and demonstrate that spectral
models consisting of a smooth continuum with ionized and dust absorption alone
cannot reproduce the RGS spectra of both objects. The original relativistic
line model with warm absorption proposed by Branduardi-Raymont et al. (2001)
provides a superior fit to the RGS data, both in the overall shape of the
spectrum and in the discrete absorption lines. Limits on the amount of X-ray
absorption by dust particles are discussed. We also discuss a possible
theoretical interpretation for the putative relativistic Lyman alpha line
emission in terms of the photoionized surface layers of the inner regions of an
accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98471 </DOCNO>
The Chord Construction


  Let F be a smooth plane curve of degree 3. Let \gb be an element in
Pic(F)[2]-{0}. Let us define F':={\ol{p(p+\gb)}|p in F}\subset(P^2)^*. In this
note we show that F' is a smooth embedding of F/\gb. Moreover, let \gb' be the
generator of Pic(F)/\gb, and let p in F be a flex, then \ol{p(p+\gb)}+\gb' is a
flex on F'. We present two proofs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129083 </DOCNO>
A candidate of a type-2 QSO at z=0.9: Large X-ray absorption with a


  Deep hard X-ray and near infrared observations of a type-2 radio-quiet QSO
candidate at z=0.9, AXJ08494+4454, are reported. The 0.5-10keV Chandra X-ray
Observatory spectrum of AXJ08494+4454 is hard, and is explained well with a
power-law continuum absorbed by a hydrogen column density of 2x10^23 cm^-2. The
2-10keV luminosity of the object reaches hard X-ray luminosity of QSOs. The
large X-ray absorption and the large intrinsic luminosity support the original
identification of AXJ08494+4454 as a type-2 radio-quiet QSO. Nevertheless, the
deep Subaru/IRCS J-band spectroscopic observation suggests the presence of a
strong broad H-alpha emission line from AXJ08494+4454. If real, the broad
H-alpha emission line has a velocity width of 9400+-1000 km/s, which
corresponds to a typical broad-Balmer line velocity width of a luminous QSO.
The existence of the strong broad H-alpha line means that the object is not a
type-2 QSO, but a luminous cousin of a Seyfert 1.9 galaxy in the source-frame
optical spectrum. The Balmer decrement of broad lines, and the broad H-alpha
emission to the hard X-ray luminosity ratio suggest that the nucleus is
affected by dust extinction with A_V of 1-3 mag in the optical wavelength. The
estimated amount of dust extinction is much smaller than that expected from the
X-ray column density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125971 </DOCNO>
Tachocline Confinement by an Oscillatory Magnetic Field


  Helioseismic measurements indicate that the solar tachocline is very thin,
its full thickness not exceeding 4% of the solar radius. The mechanism that
inhibits differential rotation to propagate from the convective zone to deeper
into the radiative zone is not known, though several propositions have been
made. In this paper we demonstrate by numerical models and analytic estimates
that the tachocline can be confined to its observed thickness by a poloidal
magnetic field B_p of about one kilogauss, penetrating below the convective
zone and oscillating with a period of 22 years, if the tachocline region is
turbulent with a diffusivity of eta~10^10 cm^2/s (for a turbulent magnetic
Prandtl number of unity). We also show that a similar confinement may be
produced for other pairs of the parameter values (B_p, eta). The assumption of
the dynamo field penetrating into the tachocline is consistent whenever
eta>10^9 cm^2/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95387 </DOCNO>
Braided quantum groups related to the quantum "ax+b" group


  We consider quantum group theory on the Hilbert space level. We find all
unitary representations of three braided quantum groups related to the quantum
``ax+b'' group. First we introduce an auxiliary braided quantum group, which is
apparently not related to the quantum ``ax+b'' group, but easy to work with. We
find all unitary representations of this quantum group. Then we use this result
to find all unitary representations of another braided quantum group, whose
C*-algebra is generated by two (out of three) generators generating (in the
sense of Woronowicz) C*-algebra of the quantum ``ax+b''- group. We find all
unitary representations of this other braided quantum group. This is the most
difficult result needed to classify all unitary representations of the quantum
``ax+b'' group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124869 </DOCNO>
The Comptel 1.809 Mev Survey


  We present the latest update of the 1.809 MeV sky survey obtained with
COMPTEL. Based on all observations taken since the launch of CGRO in spring
1991 to early summer this year we obtain 1.809 MeV all sky maps using different
imaging methods. The background is modelled on the basis of an adjacent energy
approach. We confirm the previously reported characteristics of the galactic
1.809 MeV emission, specifically excesses in regions away from the inner
Galaxy. The observed 1.8 MeV gamma-ray line is ascribed to the radioactive
decay of 26Al in the interstellar medium. 26Al has been found to be
predominantly synthesised in massive stars and their subsequent core-collapse
supernovae, which is confirmed in tracer comparisons. Due to this, one
anticipates flux enhancements aligned with regions of recent star formation,
such as apparently observed in the Cygnus and Vela regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3463 </DOCNO>
Modulational instability in cigar shaped Bose-Einstein condensates in


  A self consistent theory of a cigar shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)
periodically modulated by a laser beam is presented. We show, both
theoretically and numerically, that modulational instability/stability is the
mechanism by which wavefunctions of soliton type can be generated in cigar
shaped BEC subject to a 1D optical lattice. The theory explains why bright
solitons can exist in BEC with positive scattering length and why condensate
with negative scattering length can be stable and give rise to dark solitary
pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73616 </DOCNO>
Signals of Supersymmetric Flavour Models in B Physics


  If the mechanism of Supersymmetry breaking is not flavour blind, some flavour
symmetry is likely to be needed to prevent excessive flavour changing neutral
current effects. We discuss two flavour models (based respectively on a U(2)
and on a SU(3) horizontal symmetry) providing a good fit to fermion masses and
mixings and particularly constraining the supersymmetry soft breaking terms. We
show that, while reproducing successfully the Standard Model fit of the
unitarity triangle, it is possible to obtain sizable deviations from the
Standard Model predictions for three very clean B-physics observables: the time
dependent CP asymmetries in $B_d \to J/\psi K^0$ and in $B_s \to J/\psi \phi$
and the $B_s-\bar{B}_s$ mass difference. Our analysis exhibits with two
explicit realizations that in supersymmetric theories with a new flavour
structure in addition to the Yukawa matrices there exist concrete
potentialities for revealing supersymmetry indirectly in theoretically clean
$B$-physics observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127676 </DOCNO>
A Study of the Coronal Plasma in RS CVn binary systems


  XMM-Newton has been performing comprehensive studies of X-ray bright RS CVn
binaries in its Calibration and Guaranteed Time programs. We present results
from ongoing investigations in the context of a systematic study of coronal
emission from RS CVns. We concentrate in this paper on coronal abundances and
investigate the abundance pattern in RS CVn binaries as a function of activity
and average temperature. A transition from an Inverse First Ionization
Potential (FIP) effect towards an absence of a clear trend is found in
intermediately active RS CVn systems. This scheme corresponds well into the
long-term evolution from an IFIP to a FIP effect found in solar analogs. We
further study variations in the elemental abundances during a large flare.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4605 </DOCNO>
Optical and Thermal Transport in an Inhomogeneous d-Wave Superconductor


  We calculate transport properties of disordered 2D d-wave superconductors
from solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, and show that weak
localization effects give rise to a finite frequency peak in the optical
conductivity similar to that observed in experiments on disordered cuprates. At
low energies, order parameter inhomogeneities induce a linear temperature
dependence of both microwave and thermal conductivities, and appear to drive
the system towards a quasiparticle metal-insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 986 </DOCNO>
Dynamics vs electronic states of vortex core of high-T_c superconductors


  Dynamics of vortices reflects the electronic states of quasiparticles in the
core. To understand this, we investigated the following three issues. (1) We
investigated the complex surface impedance, Zs, of YBa2Cu3Oy as a function of
magnetic field, H. The total features were well expressed by the Coffey-Clem
model. From the data, we estimated the viscosity and pinning frequency, which
were found to be independent of frequency. In particular, the obtained
viscosity definitely shows that the core of vortex of YBa2Cu3Oy is moderately
clean. This result suggests that new physics will show up, for the physics of
quantum moderately clean vortex core is unknown at all. (2) An anomaly found in
the surface reactance at the first order transition (FOT) of vortex lattice was
investigated in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy with various doping levels. As a result, the
anomaly was found only in the samples exhibiting the FOT. On the other hand, we
did not observe the anomaly in YBa2Cu3Oy. These suggest that the anomaly is due
to the change in the electronic states of the vortices characteristic of
materials with very strong anisotropy. (3) We measured H dependence of both the
thermal conductivity \kappa(H) and Zs(H) in exactly the same pieces of crystal.
We could not find any anomaly in Zs(H) even at the onset of the plateau. This
result suggests that the origin of the plateau in \kappa(H) is not a drastic
phase transition but is rather gradual crossover.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5760 </DOCNO>
Observation of a sharp lambda peak in the third harmonic voltage


  In this paper, we report on the sharp peak observed in the third harmonic
voltage response generated by a bias sinusoidal current applied to a strip
patterned in a YBa2Cu3O7-d thin film, when the temperature is close to the
normal-superconductor transition. The lambda-shaped temperature dependence of
the third harmonic signal on the current characteristics is studied. Several
physical mechanisms of third harmonic generation are examined. PACS
Code/Keywords: 74.25.Fy - Third harmonic response, Non-linear voltage response,
High-Tc Superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168244 </DOCNO>
Fidelity of Single Qubit Maps


  We give a simple way of characterising the average fidelity between a unitary
and a general operation on a single qubit which only involves calculating the
fidelities for a few pure input states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98567 </DOCNO>
Crystal bases and quiver varieties (Geometric construction of crystal


  We give a crystal structure on the set of all irreducible components of
Lagrangian subvarieties of quiver varieties. One con show that, as a crystal,
it is isomorphic to the crystal base of an irreducible highest weight
representation of a quantized universal enveloping algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124746 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Medium Surrounding the WO Star in the Galaxy IC 1613: New


  Observations of the nebula S3 associated with the WO star in the galaxy IC
1613 and of an extended region surrounding S3 are reported. The star and bright
core of the nebula were observed with a multipupil fiber spectrograph mounted
on the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian
Academy of Sciences. Images in the principle spectral lines and integrated
spectra of the star and three compact clumps were obtained, and the
radial-velocity field constructed. An extended region of the galaxy was
observed with the Very Large Array at 21 cm. A giant ring or HI shell enclosing
a large fraction of the stellar population in IC 1613 was discovered. The WO
star and associated bipolar nebula, which we discovered earlier, lies at the
inner edge of the H ring. A local HI deficiency and two arc-like HI ridges were
also detected for the first time, and probably represent the neutral component
of the bipolar shell surrounding the WO star. The two arc-like ridges may also
have been produced by the collective stellar wind (and supernova explosions?)
in OB association No. 9 from the list of Hodge. A scenario for the formation of
the extended bipolar feature is discussed, based on the new data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5919 </DOCNO>
Dynamic percolation theory for particle diffusion in a polymer network


  Tracer-diffusion of small molecules through dense systems of chain polymers
is studied within an athermal lattice model, where hard core interactions are
taken into account by means of the site exclusion principle. An approximate
mapping of this problem onto dynamic percolation theory is proposed. This
method is shown to yield quantitative results for the tracer correlation factor
of the molecules as a function of density and chain length provided the
non-Poisson character of temporal renewals in the disorder configurations is
properly taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97711 </DOCNO>
A Normal Form Algorithm for Differential Deformations


  We introduce the notion of a formal differential deformation of a local
Artinian algebra and describe a normal form algorithm to compute presentations
of differential deformations. We show that the microlocal structure of the
Brieskorn lattice of an isolated hypersurface singularity can be considered as
a differential deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149513 </DOCNO>
Ward Identities for N=2 Rigid and Local Supersymmetry in Euclidean Space


  We construct and check by explicit Feynman diagram calculations the BRST Ward
identities for N=2 rigid super Yang-Mills theory and N=2 extended supergravity
in four-dimensional Euclidean space without auxiliary fields. We use the
Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism. In the supergravity case we need one new
contractible pair of complex spinor fields to obtain the usual gauge-fixing
term and corresponding Nielsen-Kallosh ghosts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87170 </DOCNO>
Deparametrization and quantization of the Taub universe


  Previous analysis about the deparametrization and path integral quantization
of cosmological models are extended to models which do not admit an intrinsic
time. The formal expression for the transition amplitude is written down for
the Taub anisotropic universe with a clear notion of time. The relation
existing between the deparametrization associated to gauge fixation required in
the path integral approach and the procedure of reduction of the Wheeler-De
Witt equation is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4510 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation of metastable helium: some experimental


  We describe our recent realization of BEC using metastable helium. All
detection is done with a micruchannel plate which detects the metastables or
ions coming from the trapped atom cloud. This discussion emphasizes some of the
diagnostic experiments which were necessary to quantitatively analyse our
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128459 </DOCNO>
Excitation of Orbital Eccentricities of Extrasolar Planets by Repeated


  Orbits of known extrasolar planets that are located outside the tidal
circularization regions of their parent stars are often substantially
eccentric. By contrast, planetary orbits in our Solar System are approximately
circular, reflecting planet formation within a nearly axisymmetric, circumsolar
disk. We propose that orbital eccentricities may be generated by divergent
orbital migration of two planets in a viscously accreting circumstellar disk.
The migration is divergent in the sense that the ratio of the orbital period of
the outer planet to that of the inner planet grows. As the period ratio
diverges, the planets traverse, but are not captured into, a series of
mean-motion resonances that amplify their orbital eccentricities in rough
inverse proportion to their masses. Strong viscosity gradients in
protoplanetary disks offer a way to reconcile the circular orbits of Solar
System gas giants with the eccentric orbits of currently known extrasolar
planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124144 </DOCNO>
f(R) gravity theory and CMBR constraints


  We consider the large-scale cosmic structure generation by an inflation based
on a pure f(R)-type gravity theory. Comparison with recent CMBR observations
gives the following results: (1) The near Zel'dovich spectral conditions
uniquely choose R^2-type gravity. (2) The R^2 gravity predicts specific nearly
scale-invariant Zel'dovich spectra for both the scalar- and tensor-type
perturbations. Thus, (3) the considered model survives current observational
data. The COBE-DMR quadrupole data (4) give constraints on the coupling
constant and the energy scale during inflation, and (5) require the
gravitational wave contribution to be suppressed. (6) Therefore, future
observations of (2) and (5) can provide strong tests of the inflation scenario
based on R^2 gravity. Parallel analyses made in the conformally transformed
Einstein frame give the observationally identical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3348 </DOCNO>
Vortex Phase Diagram of weakly pinned YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ for H


  Vortex phase diagram in a weakly pinned crystal of YBCO for H $\parallel$ c
is reviewed in the light of a recent elucidation of the process of `inverse
melting' in a Bismuth cuprate system and the imaging of an interface between
the ordered and the disordered regions across the peak effect in 2H-NbSe$_2$.
In the given YBCO crystal, a clear distinction can be made between the second
magnetization peak (SMP) and the peak effect (PE) between 65 K and 75 K. The
field region between the peak fields of the SMP (H$^m_{smp}$) and the onset
fields of the PE (H$^{on}_{pe}$)is not only continuously connected to the Bragg
glass phase at lower fields but it is also sandwiched between the higher
temperature vortex liquid phase and the lower temperature vortex glass phase.
Thus, an ordered vortex state between H$^m_{smp}$ and H$^{on}_{pe}$ can get
transformed to the (disordered) vortex liquid state on heating as well as to
the (disordered) vortex glass state on cooling, a situation analogous to the
thermal melting and the inverse melting phenomenon seen in a Bismuth cuprate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5369 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensation and The Lambda Transition in Liquid Helium


  Integrating seminal ideas of London, Feynman, and Feenberg, this paper
continues the development of an ab initio theory of the lambda transition in
liquid 4He. The theory is based on variational determination of a trial density
matrix suitable for description of both normal and superfluid phases, which
includes the effects both of temperature-dependent dynamical correlations and
of statistical correlations corresponding to thermal phonon-roton and
quasiparticle/quasihole excitations - all at the level of two-point
descriptors. A full functional minimization of the associated free energy is
performed through solution of a coupled set of Euler-Lagrange equations.
Violation of particle-hole exchange symmetry emerges as a crucial aspect of the
lambda transition, along with broken gauge symmetry. In conjunction with a
semi-phenomenological study in which renormalized effective masses are
introduced for quasiparticle/quasihole excitations, the results suggest that a
quantitative description can be achieved once the trial density matrix is
modified to include backflow effects and allow for ab initio treatment of
important variations in effective masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96669 </DOCNO>
A shooting approach to layers and chaos for a forced Duffing equation


  We study equilibrium solutions for the problem $u_t={\epsilon}^2 u_{xx} -u^3
+\lambda u -cos(t)$,$u_x(0,t)=u_x(L,t)=0$. Using a shooting method we find
solutions for all non-zero $\epsilon .$ For small $\epsilon $ we add to the
solutions found by previous authors, especially Angennent, Mallet-Paret and
Peletier, and Hale and Sakamoto, and also give new elementary ode proofs of
their results. Among the new results is the existence of internal layer-type
solutions. Considering the ode satisfied by equilibria, but on an infinite
interval, we obtain chaos results for $\lambda \geq \lambda
_{0}=\frac{3}{2^{2/3}}$ and $0<\epsilon \leq {1/4}.$ We also consider the
problem of bifurcation of solutions as $\lambda $ increases from $0.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127023 </DOCNO>
The southern dust pillars of the Carina Nebula


  We present preliminary results from a detailed study towards four previously
detected bright mid-infrared sources in the southern part of the Carina Nebula:
G287.73--0.92, G287.84--0.82, G287.93--0.99 and G288.07--0.80. All of these
sources are located at the heads of giant dust pillars that point towards the
nearby massive star cluster, Trumpler 16. It is unclear if these pillars are
the prime sites for a new generation of triggered star formation or if instead
they are the only remaining parts of the nebula where ongoing star fromation
can take place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76558 </DOCNO>
The Diffractive Logarithmic Slope and the Saturation Phenomena


  The logarithmic slope of the diffractive structure function is a potential
observable scanning the hard and soft contributions in diffraction, allowing to
disentangle the QCD dynamics. We report our calculations concerning this
quantity, in particular the estimates emerging from the saturation model
applied to diffraction dissociation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128420 </DOCNO>
Infrared Views of the TW Hya Disk


  The face-on disk around TW Hya is imaged in scattered light at wavelengths of
1.1 and 1.6 micron using the coronagraph in the Near Infrared Camera and Multi
Object Spectrometer aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. Stellar light scattered
from the optically thick dust disk is seen from 20-230 AU. The surface
brightness declines as a power law of r^(-2.6+/-0.1) between 45 and 150 AU. The
scattering profile indicates that the disk is flared, not geometrically flat.
The disk, while spatially unresolved in thermal radiation at wavelengths of 12
and 18 micron in observations from the W. M. Keck Observatory, shows amorphous
and crystalline silicate emission in its spectrum. A disk with silicate grains
of a ~1 micron in size in its surface layers can explain the shape of the
mid-infrared spectrum. Much larger grains in the disk interior are necessary to
fit the millimeter-wave spectral energy distribution, and hence grain growth
from an original interstellar size population may have occurred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41301 </DOCNO>
QCD Analysis of Polarized Deep Inelastic Scattering Data


  A QCD analysis of the world data on inclusive polarized deep inelastic
scattering of leptons on nucleons is presented in leading and next-to-leading
order. New parameterizations are derived for the quark and gluon distributions
and the value of $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ is determined. Emphasis is put on the
derivation of fully correlated error bands for these distributions which are
directly applicable to determine experimental errors of other polarized
observables. The impact of the variation of both the renormalization and
factorization scales on the value of $\alpha_s$ is studied. Finally a
factorization-scheme invariant QCD analysis based on the observables
$g_1(x,Q^2)$ and $d g_1(x,Q^2)/d \log(Q^2)$ is performed in next-to-leading
order, which is compared to the standard analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3707 </DOCNO>
Momentum state engineering and control in Bose-Einstein condensates


  We demonstrate theoretically the use of genetic learning algorithms to
coherently control the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate. We consider
specifically the situation of a condensate in an optical lattice formed by two
counterpropagating laser beams. The frequency detuning between the lasers acts
as a control parameter that can be used to precisely manipulate the condensate
even in the presence of a significant mean-field energy. We illustrate this
procedure in the coherent acceleration of a condensate and in the preparation
of a superposition of prescribed relative phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113973 </DOCNO>
Particles, fluids and vortices


  Classical particle mechanics on curved spaces is related to the flow of ideal
fluids, by a dual interpretation of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. As in second
quantization, the procedure relates the description of a system with a finite
number of degrees of freedom to one with infinitely many degrees of freedom. In
some two-dimensional fluid mechanics models a duality transformation between
the velocity potential and the stream function can be performed relating
sources and sinks in one model to vortices in the other. The particle mechanics
counterpart of the dual theory is reconstructed. In the quantum theory the
strength of sources and sinks, as well as vorticity are quantized; for the
duality between theories to be preserved these quantization conditions must be
related.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74015 </DOCNO>
Lorentz Group in Feynman's World


  R. P. Feynman was quite fond of inventing new physics. It is shown that some
of his physical ideas can be supported by the mathematical instruments
available from the Lorentz group. As a consequence, it is possible to construct
a Lorentz-covariant picture of the parton model. It is shown first how the
Lorentz group can be used for studying the internal space-time symmetries of
relativistic particles. These symmetries are dictated by Wigner's little
groups, whose transformations leave the energy-momentum four-vector of a given
particle invariant. The symmetry of massive particles is like the
three-dimensional rotation group, while the symmetry of massless particles is
locally isomorphic to the two-dimensional Euclidean group. It is noted that the
E(2)-like symmetry of massless particles can be obtained as an
infinite-momentum and/or zero-mass limit of the O(3)-like little group for
massive particles. It is shown that the formalism can be extended to cover
relativistic particles with space-time extensions, such as heavy ions and
hadrons in the quark model. It is possible to construct representations of the
little group using harmonic oscillators, which Feynman et al. used for studying
relativistic extended hadrons. This oscillator formalism allows us to show that
Feynman's parton model is a Lorentz-boosted quark model. The formalism also
allows us to explain in detail Feynman's rest of the universe which is
contained in his parton picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4499 </DOCNO>
Electron Spin Resonance in S=1/2 antiferromagnetic chains


  A systematic field-theory approach to Electron spin resonance (ESR) in the
$S=1/2$ quantum antiferromagnetic chain at low temperature $T$ (compared to the
exchange coupling $J$) is developed. In particular, effects of a transverse
staggered field $h$ and an exchange anisotropy (including a dipolar
interaction) $\delta$ on the ESR lineshape are discussed. In the lowest order
perturbation theory, the linewidth is given as $\propto Jh^2/T^2$ and $\propto
(\delta/J)^2 T$, respectively. In the case of a transverse staggered field, the
perturbative expansion diverges at lower temperature; non-perturbative effects
at very low temperature are discussed using exact results on the sine-Gordon
field theory. We also compare our field-theory results with the predictions of
Kubo-Tomita theory for the high-temperature regime, and discuss the crossover
between the two regimes. It is argued that a naive application of the standard
Kubo-Tomita theory to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction gives an incorrect
result. A rigorous and exact identity on the polarization dependence is derived
for certain class of anisotropy, and compared with the field-theory results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4482 </DOCNO>
Full counting statistics of a general quantum mechanical variable


  We present here a quantum mechanical framework for defining the statistics of
measurements of time integrals of A(t), A(t) being a quantum mechanical
variable. This is a generalization of the so-called full counting statistics
proposed earlier for DC electric currents.
  We develop an influence functional formalism that allows us to study the
quantum system along with the measuring device thus fully accounting for the
action of the detector on the system to be measured. We define the full
counting statistics of an arbitrary variable by means of an evolution operator
that relates initial and final density matrices of the measuring device.
  In this way we are able to resolve inconsistencies that occur in earlier
definitions. We suggest two schemes whereby the so defined full statistics can
be observed experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124791 </DOCNO>
Application of a relativistic accretion disc model to X-ray spectra of


  We present a general relativistic accretion disc model and its application to
the soft-state X-ray spectra of black hole binaries. The model assumes a flat,
optically thick disc around a rotating Kerr black hole. The disc locally
radiates away the dissipated energy as a blackbody. Special and general
relativistic effects influencing photons emitted by the disc are taken into
account. The emerging spectrum, as seen by a distant observer, is parametrized
by the black hole mass and spin, the accretion rate, the disc inclination angle
and the inner disc radius. We fit the ASCA soft state X-ray spectra of LMC X-1
and GRO J1655-40 by this model. We find that having additional limits on the
black hole mass and inclination angle from optical/UV observations, we can
constrain the black hole spin from X-ray data. In LMC X-1 the constrain is
weak, we can only rule out the maximally rotating black hole. In GRO J1655-40
we can limit the spin much better, and we find 0.68 < a < 0.88. Accretion discs
in both sources are radiation pressure dominated. We don't find Compton
reflection features in the spectra of any of these objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1878 </DOCNO>
Quasi-periodic spin chains in a magnetic field


  We study the interplay between a (quasi) periodic coupling array and an
external magnetic field in a spin-1/2 XXZ chain. A new class of magnetization
plateaux are obtained by means of Abelian bosonization methods which give rise
to a sufficient quantization condition. The investigation of magnetic phase
diagrams via exact diagonalization of finite clusters finds a complete
agreement with the continuum treatment in a variety of situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123444 </DOCNO>
Stellar Collisions and Blue Straggler Formation


  We review recent 3D hydrodynamic calculations of stellar collisions using the
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, and we discuss the implications
of the results for the formation and evolution of blue stragglers in globular
clusters. We also discuss the construction of simple analytic models for merger
remnants, approximating the mass loss, shock heating, mixing, and angular
momentum transport during a collision with simple algorithms that can be
calibrated using our 3D hydrodynamic results. The thermodynamic and chemical
composition profiles predicted by these simple models are compared with those
from our SPH simulations, demonstrating that our new models provide accurate
representations of true collisional merger remnants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98881 </DOCNO>
Geometric quantization of completely integrable Hamiltonian systems in


  We provide geometric quantization of a completely integrable Hamiltonian
system in the action-angle variables around an invariant torus. These variables
enable one to choose the angle polarization which otherwise is not easily
determined. It is spanned by almost-Hamiltonian vector fields of angle
variables. The associated quantum algebra consists of functions affine in
action coordinates. We show that this algebra has a continuum set of
nonequivalent representations in the separable pre-Hilbert space of smooth
complex functions on the torus. The spectrum of the action operators is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41742 </DOCNO>
Higgs Physics with a gamma gamma Collider Based on CLIC 1


  We present the machine parameters and physics capabilities of the CLIC Higgs
Experiment (CLICHE), a low-energy $\gamma\gamma$ collider based on CLIC 1, the
demonstration project for the higher-energy two-beam accelerator CLIC. CLICHE
is conceived as a factory capable of producing around 20,000 light Higgs bosons
per year. We discuss the requirements for the CLIC 1 beams and a laser
backscattering system capable of producing a $\gamma\gamma$ total (peak)
luminosity of $2.0 (0.36) \times 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ with $E_{CM}(\gamma
\gamma) \sim 115$ GeV. We show how CLICHE could be used to measure accurately
the mass, $\bar b b$, $WW$ and $\gamma \gamma$ decays of a light Higgs boson.
We illustrate how these measurements may distinguish between the Standard Model
Higgs boson and those in supersymmetric and more general two-Higgs-doublet
models, complementing the measurements to be made with other accelerators. We
also comment on other prospects in $\gamma\gamma$ and $e^- \gamma$ physics with
CLICHE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148300 </DOCNO>
On Fermions in Compact momentum Spaces Bilinearly Constructed with Pure


  It is shown how the old Cartan's conjecture on the fundamental role of the
geometry of simple (or pure) spinors, as bilinearly underlying euclidean
geometry, may be extended also to quantum mechanics of fermions (in first
quantization), however in compact momentum spaces, bilinearly constructed with
spinors, with signatures unambiguously resulting from the construction, up to
sixteen component Majorana-Weyl spinors associated with the real Clifford
algebra $\Cl(1,9)$, where, because of the known periodicity theorem, the
construction naturally ends. $\Cl(1,9)$ may be formulated in terms of the
octonion division algebra, at the origin of SU(3) internal symmetry.
  In this approach the extra dimensions beyond 4 appear as interaction terms in
the equations of motion of the fermion multiplet; more precisely the directions
from 5$^{th}$ to 8$^{th}$ correspond to electric, weak and isospin interactions
$(SU(2) \otimes U(1))$, while those from 8$^{th}$ to 10$^{th}$ to strong ones
SU(3). There seems to be no need of extra dimension in configuration-space.
Only four dimensional space-time is needed - for the equations of motion and
for the local fields - and also naturally generated by four-momenta as
Poincar\'e translations.
  This spinor approach could be compatible with string theories and even
explain their origin, since also strings may be bilinearly obtained from simple
(or pure) spinors through sums; that is integrals of null vectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72761 </DOCNO>
Closed-Time Path Integral Formalism and Medium Effects of


  We apply the closed-time path integral formalism to study the medium effects
of non-equilibrium gluon matter. We derive the medium modified resummed gluon
propagator to the one loop level in non-equilibrium in the covariant gauge. The
gluon propagator we derive can be used to remove the infrared divergences in
the secondary parton collisions to study thermalization of minijet parton
plasma at RHIC and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75936 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative QED and $\gamma\gamma$ scattering


  We study $\gamma\gamma$ scattering in noncommutative QED (NCQED) where the
gauge field has Yang-Mills type coupling, giving new contributions to the
scattering process and making it possible for it to occur at tree level. The
process takes place at one loop level in the Standard Model (SM) and could be
an important signal for physics beyond SM. But it is found that the Standard
Model contribution far exceeds the tree level contribution of the
noncommutative case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149487 </DOCNO>
Universal Counting of Black Hole Entropy by Strings on the Stretched


  We show that the entropy of any black object in any dimension can be
understood as the entropy of a highly excited string on the stretched horizon.
The string has a gravitationally renormalized tension due to the large redshift
near the horizon. The Hawking temperature is given by the Hagedorn temperature
of the string. As examples, we consider black holes with one (black p-branes)
or two charges, Reissner-Nordstrom black holes and the BTZ black hole in
addition to Schwarzschild black holes. We show that the vanishing and
nonvanishing extremal entropies can be obtained as smooth limits of the
near-extreme cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5913 </DOCNO>
Principle of Pattern Selection for Nonequilibrium Phenomena


  A general principle is advanced allowing the classification of nonunique
solutions to nonlinear evolution equations, corresponding to different
spatio-temporal patterns. This is done by defining the probability distribution
of patterns, which characterizes multiple solutions as more or less probable
with respect to each other. The most probable pattern is naturally defined by
the maximum of the pattern distribution. This maximum is shown to be equivalent
to the {\it minimum of local contraction}. The formulated principle plays for
nonequilibrium dynamical systems the same ordering role as the condition of
minimal free energy for equilibrium statistical systems. The generality of the
principle is illustrated by several examples of different nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98286 </DOCNO>
Tangent Processes on Wiener Space


  This paper deals with the study of the Malliavin calculus of Euclidean
motions on Wiener space, (i.e. transformations induced by general measure
preserving transformations, called `rotations', and H-valued shifts) and the
associated flows on abstract Wiener spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149094 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Momentum for Arbitrary Spin Polarization


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced.
Therefore, to give more clear presentation, this paper is withdrawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1320 </DOCNO>
Continuous phase transition in polydisperse hard-sphere mixture


  In a previous paper (J. Zhang {\it et al.}, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 110}, 5318
(1999)) we introduced a model for polydisperse hard sphere mixtures that is
able to adjust its particle-size distribution. Here we give the explanation of
the questions that arose in the previous description and present a consistent
theory of the phase transition in this system, based on the Percus-Yevick
equation of state. The transition is continuous, and like Bose-Einstein
condensation a macroscopic aggregate is formed due to the microscopic
interactions. A BMCSL-like treatment leads to the same conclusion with slightly
more accurate predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75946 </DOCNO>
$K\to\pi\pi$ matrix elements beyond the leading-order chiral expansion


  We propose an approach for calculating $K\to\pi\pi$ decays to the
next-to-leading order in chiral expansion. A detailed numerical study of this
approach is being performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76104 </DOCNO>
Associated Higgs boson production with heavy quarks at Hadron Colliders:


  We emphasize the role that the associated production of a Higgs boson with a
pair of top-antitop quarks can play at present and future hadron colliders.
Results of recent calculations of the NLO total cross section for the
associated production of a Standard Model like Higgs boson with a pair of
top-antitop quarks at the Tevatron (sqrt(s)=2 TeV) are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74290 </DOCNO>
Fermion masses and quantum numbers from extra dimensions


  We study the localization of fermions on a brane embedded in a space-time
with $AdS_n \times M^k$ geometry. Quantum numbers of localized fermions are
associated with their rotation momenta around the brane. Fermions with
different quantum numbers have different higher-dimensional profiles. Fermion
masses and mixings, which are proportional to the overlap of higher-dimensional
profiles of the fermions, depend on the fermion quantum numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97512 </DOCNO>
Lifting Braids


  In this paper we study the homeomorphisms of the disk that are liftable with
respect to a simple branched covering. Since any such homeomorphism maps the
branch set of the covering onto itself and liftability is invariant up to
isotopy fixing the branch set, we are dealing in fact with liftable braids. We
prove that the group of liftable braids is finitely generated by liftable
powers of half-twists around arcs joining branch points. A set of such
generators is explicitly determined for the special case of branched coverings
from the disk to the disk. As a preliminary result we also obtain the
classification of all the simple branched coverings of the disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179327 </DOCNO>
On the muon capture in 28^Si and extraction of g_P


  Comparison of the new data for the negative muon capture in 28^Si with the
recent shell model calculations using a full 1s-0d model space and the USD
empirical effective interaction and the one-nucleon weak current provides the
induced pseudoscalar g_P substantially smaller than the value predicted by PCAC
and pion-pole dominance. We find that adding the effect from the one-pion
exchange axial charge density and using the same scheme of calculations does
not change situation to the value of g_P.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124273 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Formation and Evolution: Recent Progress


  In this series of lectures I review recent observational progress in
constraining models of galaxy formation and evolution highlighting the
importance advances in addressing questions of the assembly history and origin
of the Hubble sequence in the context of modern pictures of structure
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149048 </DOCNO>
Closed Strings from SO(8) Yang-Mills Instantons


  When eight-dimensional instantons, satisfying F \wedge F = \pm \star_8
(F\wedge F), shrink to zero size, we find stringy objects in higher order
ten-dimensional Yang-Mills (viewed as a low-energy limit of open string
theory). The associated F^4 action is a combination of two independent parts
having a single-trace and a double-trace structure. As a result we get a
D-string from the single-trace term and a fundamental string from the
double-trace. The latter has (8,0) supersymmetry on the worldsheet and
couplings to the background gauge fields of a heterotic string. A correlation
between the conformal factor of the instanton and the tachyon field is
conjectured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148020 </DOCNO>
Quasi Exactly Solvable NxN-Matrix Schroedinger Operators


  New examples of matrix quasi exactly solvable Schroedinger operators are
constructed. One of them constitutes a matrix generalization of the quasi
exactly solvable anharmonic oscillator, the corresponding invariant vector
space is constructed explicitely. Also investigated are matrix generalizations
of the Lame equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74905 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Vacuum Polarization Contribution to the Muonium Hyperfine


  We discuss hadronic effects in the muonium hyperfine structure and derive an
expression for the hadronic contribution to the hfs interval in form of the
one-dimensional integral of the cross section of e+e- annihilation into
hadrons. Higher-order hadronic contributions are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128333 </DOCNO>
Radio Properties of FIRST Radio Sources at 1 mJy


  This paper presents a detailed analysis of the radio properties for the
sample of faint radio sources introduced in Magliocchetti et al. (2000). The
sample comprises mainly intrinsically low-power sources whose majority ($\simgt
70$ per cent) is made of FR I radio galaxies. These objects show some degree
(at 1$\sigma$ confidence level) of luminosity evolution, which is also needed
to correctly reproduce the total number and shape of the counts distribution at
1.4 GHz. Analysis of the de-evolved local radio luminosity function shows a
good agreement between data and model predictions for this class of sources.
Particular care has been devoted to the issue of 'lined' galaxies (i.e. objects
presenting in their spectra a continuum typical of early-type galaxies plus
emission lines of different nature), which appear as an intermediate class of
sources between AGN-dominated and starburst galaxies. Different evolutionary
behaviours are seen between the two sub-populations of lined and non-lined
low-power radio galaxies, the first class indicating a tendency for the radio
luminosity to decrease with look-back time, the second one showing positive
evolution. We note that different evolutionary properties also seem to
characterize BL Lacs selected in different bands, so that one might envisage an
association between lined FR I and the sub-class of BL Lacs selected in the
X-ray band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6823 </DOCNO>
Pairing in cuprates from high energy electronic states


  The in-plane optical conductivity of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d thin films with small
carrier density (underdoped) up to large carrier density (overdoped) is
analyzed with unprecedented accuracy. Integrating the conductivity up to
increasingly higher energies points to the energy scale involved when the
superfluid condensate builds up. In the underdoped sample, states extending up
to 2 eV contribute to the superfluid. This anomalously large energy scale may
be assigned to a change of in-plane kinetic energy at the superconducting
transition, and is compatible with an electronic pairing mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97358 </DOCNO>
Wavelet filter functions, the matrix completion problem, and projective


  We discuss how one can use certain filters from signal processing to describe
isomorphisms between certain projective $C(\mathbb T^n)$-modules. Conversely,
we show how cancellation properties for finitely generated projective modules
over $C(\mathbb T^n)$ can often be used to prove the existence of continuous
high pass filters, of the kind needed for multivariate wavelets, corresponding
to a given continuous low-pass filter. However, we also give an example of a
continuous low-pass filter for which it is impossible to find corresponding
continuous high-pass filters. In this way we give another approach to the
solution of the matrix completion problem for filters of the kind arising in
wavelet theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7272 </DOCNO>
Going through Rough Times: from Non-Equilibrium Surface Growth to


  Efficient and faithful parallel simulation of large asynchronous systems is a
challenging computational problem. It requires using the concept of local
simulated times and a synchronization scheme. We study the scalability of
massively parallel algorithms for discrete-event simulations which employ
conservative synchronization to enforce causality. We do this by looking at the
simulated time horizon as a complex evolving system, and we identify its
universal characteristics. We find that the time horizon for the conservative
parallel discrete-event simulation scheme exhibits Kardar-Parisi-Zhang-like
kinetic roughening. This implies that the algorithm is asymptotically scalable
in the sense that the average progress rate of the simulation approaches a
non-zero constant. It also implies, however, that there are diverging memory
requirements associated with such schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6139 </DOCNO>
Spin Waves, Phase Separation, and Interphase Boundaries in Double


  We study a classical double exchange magnet with direct antiferromagnetic
superexchange coupling, J, between the localized spins. It is shown that the
de-stabilization of the ferromagnetic ground state with increasing J leads to
phase separation; the latter always circumvents the spin-wave instability
(softening of the magnon spectrum). It is also found that the boundaries
separating the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic areas of the sample tend to
be abrupt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3897 </DOCNO>
Dilation of the Giant Vortex State in a Mesoscopic Superconducting Loop


  We have experimentally investigated the magnetisation of a mesoscopic
aluminum loop at temperatures well below the superconducting transition
temperature $T_{c}$. The flux quantisation of the superconducting loop was
investigated with a $\mu$-Hall magnetometer in magnetic field intensities
between $\pm 100 {Gauss}$. The magnetic field intensity periodicity observed in
the magnetization measurements is expected to take integer values of the
superconducting flux quanta $\Phi_{0}=h/2e$. A closer inspection of the
periodicity, however, reveal a sub flux quantum shift. This fine structure we
interpret as a consequence of a so called giant vortex state nucleating towards
either the inner or the outer side of the loop. These findings are in agreement
with recent theoretical reports.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85837 </DOCNO>
Exact Results for the BTZ Black Hole


  In this review, we summarize exact results for the three-dimensional BTZ
black hole. We use rigorous mathematical results to clarify the general
structure and properties of this black hole spacetime and its microscopic
description. In particular, we study the formation of the black hole by point
particle collisions, leading to an exact analytic determination of the Choptuik
scaling parameter. We also show that a `No Hair Theorem' follows immediately
from a mathematical theorem of hyperbolic geometry, due to Sullivan. A
microscopic understanding of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, and decay rate for
massless scalars, is shown to follow from standard results of conformal field
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73649 </DOCNO>
A Note on Regularization methods in Kaluza-Klein Theories


  We comment on the presence of power-like divergences in Kaluza-Klein theories
with supersymmetry breaking a l\`a Scherk-Schwarz. By introducing a SUSY
preserving regulator, we show that, in the context of a recently model proposed
by Barbieri, Hall and Nomura, the Higgs mass is finite and unambiguously
defined. The same result applies to similar models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128174 </DOCNO>
Faint companions in the close environment of star-forming dwarf


  Using the NASA Extragalactic Database, we have searched the close environment
of 98 star-forming dwarf galaxies (SFDGs) from field- and low density
environments for companion galaxies. Most of the found companions are dwarf
galaxies, previously disregarded in environmental studies of SFDGs. Using a
subsample at low redshifts, cz < 2000 km/s, i.e. less biased against dwarf
companions, we find that 30% of the SFDGs have close companions within a
projected linear separation s_p < 100 kpc and a redshift difference of (Delta
cz) < 500 km/s. This fraction must be considered a lower limit, given the
incompleteness of the available data sets and the non-negligible frequency of
HI clouds in the vicinity of SFDGs, so that the majority of SFDGs should not be
considered isolated. The redshift differences between companion candidates and
sample SFDGs are typically smaller than ~250 km/s and concentrated towards
lower values. This is similarly observed for dwarf satellites of spiral
galaxies and suggests a physical association between the companion candidates
and the sample SFDGs. SFDGs with a close companion do not show significant
differences in their H(beta) equivalent widths and B-V colours as compared to
isolated ones. However, the available data do not allow to rule out close dwarf
companions as an influencing factor for star formation activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127271 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a double ring in the core of eta Carinae


  We report the discovery of a double ring structure in the waist of the nebula
surrounding eta Carinae. The rings are detected in the mid-IR dust continuum at
wavelengths of 7.9, 11.9, 12.9 and 20 micronmeter. The dust in the rings has a
temperature of about 300 K. The orientation of the rings is inclined with
respect to the axis of the homunculus by either 37 or 58 degrees. The central
star is not in the projected centre of the structure defined by the two rings.
This geometry is reminiscent of that seen in SN1987A and some planetary
nebulae. We discuss several possible origins for this remarkable geometry and
its orientation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168665 </DOCNO>
A Knob for Changing Light Propagation from Subluminal to Superluminal


  We show how the application of a coupling field connecting the two lower
metastable states of a lambda-system can produce a variety of new results on
the propagation of a weak electromagnetic pulse. In principle the light
propagation can be changed from subluminal to superluminal. The negative group
index results from the regions of anomalous dispersion and gain in
susceptibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5818 </DOCNO>
Finite-Temperature Phase Diagram of Hard-Core Bosons in Two Dimensions


  We determine the finite-temperature phase diagram of the square lattice
hard-core boson Hubbard model with nearest neighbor repulsion using quantum
Monte Carlo simulations. This model is equivalent to an anisotropic spin-1/2
XXZ model in a magnetic field. We present the rich phase diagram with a first
order transition between solid and superfluid phase, instead of a previously
conjectured supersolid and a tricritical end point to phase separation. Unusual
reentrant behavior with ordering upon increasing the temperature is found,
similar to the Pomeranchuk effect in 3He.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73127 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background II: $C_\ell$ at Large


  General asymptotic formulas are given for the coefficient $C_\ell$ of the
term of multipole number $\ell$ in the temperature correlation function of the
cosmic microwave background, in terms of scalar and dipole form factors
introduced in a companion paper. The formulas apply in two overlapping limits:
for $\ell\gg 1$ and for $\ell d/d_A\ll 1$ (where $d_A$ is the angular diameter
distance of the surface of last scattering, and $d$ is a length, of the order
of the acoustic horizon at the time of last scattering, that characterizes
acoustic oscillations before this time.) The frequently used approximation that
$C_\ell$ receives its main contribution from wave numbers of order $\ell/d_A$
is found to be less accurate for the contribution of the Doppler effect than
for the Sachs--Wolfe effect and intrinsic temperature fluctuations. For $\ell
d/d_A\ll 1$ and $\ell\geq 2$, the growth of $C_\ell$ with $\ell$ is shown to be
affected by acoustic oscillation wave numbers of all scales. The asymptotic
formulas are applied to a model of acoustic oscillations before the time of
last scattering, with results in reasonable agreement with more elaborate
computer calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86437 </DOCNO>
On the response of non-linearly coupled, accelerated detectors in


  In this note, we consider the response of a uniformly accelerated monopole
detector that is coupled non-linearly to the nth power of a quantum scalar
field in (D+1)-dimensional flat spacetime. We show that, when (D+1) is even,
the response of the detector in the Minkowski vacuum is characterized by a
Bose-Einstein factor for all n. Whereas, when (D+1) is odd, we find that a
Fermi-Dirac factor appears in the detector response when n is odd, but a
Bose-Einstein factor arises when n is even.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5358 </DOCNO>
Ab initio study of ferroelectric domain walls in PbTiO3


  We have investigated the atomistic structure of the 180-degree and 90-degree
domain boundaries in the ferroelectric perovskite compound PbTiO3 using a
first-principles ultrasoft-pseudopotential approach. For each case we have
computed the position, thickness and creation energy of the domain walls, and
an estimate of the barrier height for their motion has been obtained. We find
both kinds of domain walls to be very narrow with a similar width of the order
of one to two lattice constants. The energy of the 90-dergree domain wall is
calculated to be 35 mJ/m^2, about a factor of four lower than the energy of its
180-degree counterpart, and only a miniscule barrier for its motion is found.
As a surprising feature we detected a small offset of 0.15-0.2 eV in the
electrostatic potential across the 90-degree domain wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86386 </DOCNO>
Einstein Gravity as an emergent phenomenon?


  In this essay we marshal evidence suggesting that Einstein gravity may be an
emergent phenomenon, one that is not ``fundamental'' but rather is an almost
automatic low-energy long-distance consequence of a wide class of theories.
Specifically, the emergence of a curved spacetime ``effective Lorentzian
geometry'' is a common generic result of linearizing a classical scalar field
theory around some non-trivial background. This explains why so many different
``analog models'' of general relativity have recently been developed based on
condensed matter physics; there is something more fundamental going on. Upon
quantizing the linearized fluctuations around this background geometry, the
one-loop effective action is guaranteed to contain a term proportional to the
Einstein--Hilbert action of general relativity, suggesting that while classical
physics is responsible for generating an ``effective geometry'', quantum
physics can be argued to induce an ``effective dynamics''. This physical
picture suggests that Einstein gravity is an emergent low-energy long-distance
phenomenon that is insensitive to the details of the high-energy short-distance
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95617 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Gamow Vectors I Derivation from Poles of the S-Matrix


  A state vector description for relativistic resonances is derived from the
first order pole of the $j$-th partial $S$-matrix at the invariant square mass
value $\sm_R=(m-i\Gamma/2)^2$ in the second sheet of the Riemann energy
surface. To associate a ket, called Gamow vector, to the pole, we use the
generalized eigenvectors of the four-velocity operators in place of the
customary momentum eigenkets of Wigner, and we replace the conventional Hilbert
space assumptions for the in- and out-scattering states with the new hypothesis
that in- and out-states are described by two different Hardy spaces with
complementary analyticity properties. The Gamow vectors have the following
properties:
 - They are simultaneous generalized eigenvectors of the four velocity
operators with real eigenvalues and of the self-adjoint invariant mass operator
$M=(P_\mu P^\mu)^{1/2}$ with complex eigenvalue $\sqrt{\sm_R}$.
 - They have a Breit-Wigner distribution in the invariant square mass variable
$\sm$ and lead to an exactly exponential law for the decay rates and
probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73694 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological analysis of properties of the RH Majorana neutrino in


  As an extension of our previous work in the seesaw mechanism, we analyze the
influence of $U_{e3}$ on the properties (masses and mixing) of the RH Majorana
neutrinos in three flavors. The quasidegenerate light neutrinos case is also
considered. Assuming the hierarchical Dirac neutrino masses, we find the heavy
Majorana neutrino mass spectrum is either hierarchical or partial degenerate if
$\theta_{23}^{\nu}$ is large. We show that degenerate RH Majorana masses
correspond to maximal RH mixing angle while hierarchical ones correspond to the
RH mixing angles which scale linearly with the mass ratios of the Dirac
neutrino masses. An interesting analogue with the behavior of the
matter-enhanced neutrino conversion is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150214 </DOCNO>
Thorny Spheres and Black Holes with Strings


  We consider thorny spheres, that is 2-dimensional compact surfaces which are
everywhere locally isometric to a round sphere $S^2$ except for a finite number
of isolated points where they have conical singularities. We use thorny spheres
to generate, from a spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein equations,
new solutions which describe spacetimes pierced by an arbitrary number of
infinitely thin cosmic strings radially directed. Each string produces an angle
deficit proportional to its tension, while the metric outside the strings is a
locally spherically symmetric solution. We prove that there can be arbitrary
configurations of strings provided that the directions of the strings obey a
certain equilibrium condition. In general this equilibrium condition can be
written as a force-balance equation for string forces defined in a flat 3-space
in which the thorny sphere is isometrically embedded, or as a constraint on the
product of holonomies around strings in an alternative 3-space that is flat
except for the strings. In the case of small string tensions, the constraint
equation has the form of a linear relation between unit vectors directed along
the string axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85815 </DOCNO>
Chaos in Pseudo-Newtonian Black Holes with Halos


  The Newtonian as well as the special relativistic dynamics are used to study
the stability of orbits of a test particle moving around a black hole plus a
dipolar halo. The black hole is modeled by either the usual monopole potential
or the Paczynki-Wiita pseudo-Newtonian potential. The full general relativistic
similar case is also considered. The Poincare section method and the Lyapunov
characteristic exponents show that the orbits for the pseudo-Newtonian
potential models are more unstable than the corresponding general relativistic
geodesics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83644 </DOCNO>
Using Dependence Analysis to Support Software Architecture Understanding


  Software architecture is receiving increasingly attention as a critical
design level for software systems. As software architecture design resources
(in the form of architectural descriptions) are going to be accumulated, the
development of techniques and tools to support architectural understanding,
testing, reengineering, maintaining, and reusing will become an important
issue. In this paper we introduce a new dependence analysis technique, named
architectural dependence analysis to support software architecture development.
In contrast to traditional dependence analysis, architectural dependence
analysis is designed to operate on an architectural description of a software
system, rather than the source code of a conventional program. Architectural
dependence analysis provides knowledge of dependences for the high-level
architecture of a software system, rather than the low-level implementation
details of a conventional program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99032 </DOCNO>
Spreading maps (polymorphisms), symmetries of Poisson processes and


  The matrix of a permutation is a partial case of Markov transition matrices.
In the same way, a measure preserving bijection of a space A with finite
measure is a partial case of Markov transition operators. A Markov transition
operator also can be considered as a map (polymorphism) A to A, which spreads
points of A into measures on A.
  In this paper, we discuss R-polymorphisms and $\vee$-polymorphisms, who are
analogues of the Markov transition operators for the groups of bijections A to
A leaving the measure quasiinvariant; two types of the polymorphisms correspond
to the cases, when A has finite and infinite measure respectively. We construct
a functor from $\vee$-polymorphisms to R-polymorphisms, it is described in
terms of summation of convolution products of measures over matchings of
Poisson configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73962 </DOCNO>
Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays as a Grand Unification signal


  We analyze the spectrum of the ultrahigh energy (above \approx 10^{9} GeV)
cosmic rays. With a maximum likelihood analysis we show that the observed
spectrum is consistent with the decay of extragalactic GUT scale particles. The
predicted mass for these superheavy particles is m_X=10^b GeV, where
b=14.6_{-1.7}^{+1.6}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5153 </DOCNO>
Evidences for Tsallis non-extensivity on CMR manganites


  We found, from the analysis of M vs. T curves of some manganese oxides
(manganites), that these systems do not follow the traditional
Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, but the Tsallis statistics, within the normalized
formalism. Curves were calculated within the mean field approximation, for
various ferromagnetic samples and the results were compared to measurements of
our own and to various other authors published data, chosen at random from the
literature. The agreement between the experimental data and calculated Mq vs.
T* curve, where T* is an effective temperature, is excellent for all the
compounds. The entropic parameter, q, correlates in a simple way with the
experimental value of Tc, irrespect the chemical composition of the compounds,
heat treatment or other details on sample preparation. Examples include q<1
(subextensivity), q=1 (extensivity) and q>1 (superextensivity) cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114484 </DOCNO>
Scaling Properties of Fluctuations in Human Electroencephalogram


  The fluctuation properties of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) time
series are studied using detrended fluctuation analysis. For all 128 channels
in each of 18 subjects studied, it is found that the standard deviation of the
fluctuations exhibits scaling behaviors in two regions. Topographical plots of
the scaling exponents reveal the spatial structure of the nonlinear electrical
activities recorded on the scalp. Moment analyses are performed to extract the
gross features of all the scaling exponents. The correlation between the two
scaling exponents in each channel is also examined. It is found that two
indices can characterize the overall properties of the fluctuation behaviors of
the brain dynamics for every subject and that they vary widely across the
subjects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1240 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Dynamics in the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation


  We present results from a comprehensive analytical and numerical study of
nonequilibrium dynamics in the 2-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL)
equation. In particular, we use spiral defects to characterize the domain
growth law and the evolution morphology. An asymptotic analysis of the
single-spiral correlation function shows a sequence of singularities --
analogous to those seen for time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) models with
O(n) symmetry, where $n$ is even.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129622 </DOCNO>
Chemodynamical Modelling of Galaxy Formation and Evolution


  We present our recently developed 3-dimensional chemodynamical code for
galaxy evolution. This code follows the evolution of different galactic
components like stars, dark matter and different components of the interstellar
medium (ISM), i.e. a diffuse gaseous phase and the molecular clouds. Stars and
dark matter are treated as collisionless N-body systems. The ISM is numerically
described by a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approach for the diffuse
gas and a sticky particle scheme for the molecular clouds. Additionally, the
galactic components are coupled by several phase transitions like star
formation, stellar death or condensation and evaporation processes within the
ISM. As an example we show the dynamical and chemical evolution of a star
forming dwarf galaxy with a total baryonic mass of $2 \cdot 10^9 M_\odot$.
After a moderate collapse phase the stars and the molecular clouds follow an
exponential radial distribution, whereas the diffuse gas shows a central
depression as a result of stellar feedback. The metallicities of the galactic
components behave quite differently with respect to their temporal evolution as
well as their radial distribution. Especially, the ISM is at no stage well
mixed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6861 </DOCNO>
On the non-orthogonality problem in the description of quantum devices


  An approach which allows to include the corrections from non-orthogonality of
electron states in contacts and quantum dots is developed. Comparison of the
energy levels and charge distributions of electrons in 1D quantum dot (QD) in
equilibrium, obtained within orthogonal (OR) and non-orthogonal representations
(NOR), with the exact ones shows that the NOR provides a considerable
improvement, for levels below the top of barrier. The approach is extended to
non-equilibrium states. A derivation of the tunneling current through a single
potential barrier is performed using equations of motion for correlation
functions. A formula for transient current derived by means of the diagram
technique for Hubbard operators is given for the problem of QD with strongly
correlated electrons interacting with electrons in contacts. The
non-orthogonality renormalizes the tunneling matrix elements and spectral
weights of Green functions (GFs).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97294 </DOCNO>
Quasisymmetric parametrizations of two-dimensional metric spheres


  We study metric spaces homeomorphic to the 2-sphere, and find conditions
under which they are quasisymmetrically homeomorphic to the standard 2-sphere.
As an application of our main theorem we show that an Ahlfors 2-regular,
linearly locally contractible metric 2-sphere is quasisymmetrically
homeomorphic to the standard 2-sphere, answering a question of Heinonen and
Semmes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3147 </DOCNO>
Spectral properties and infrared absorption in manganites


  Within a recently proposed variational approach it has been shown that, in
$La_{1-x}A_xMnO_3$ perovskites with $0<x<0.5$, near the metal-insulator
transition, the combined effect of the magnetic and electron-phonon
interactions pushes the system toward a regime of two coexisting phases: a low
electron density one made by itinerant large polarons forming ferromagnetic
domains and a high electron density one made by localized small polarons giving
rise to paramagnetic or antiferromagnetic domains depending on temperature.
Employing the above-mentioned variational scheme, in this paper spectral and
optical properties of manganites are derived for $x=0.3$ at different
temperatures. It is found that the phase separation regime induces a robust
pseudogap in the excitation spectrum of the system. Then the conductivity
spectra are characterized by a transfer of spectral weight from high to low
energies, as the temperature $T$ decreases. In the metallic ferromagnetic
phase, at low $T$ two types of infrared absorption come out: a Drude term and a
broad absorption band due respectively to the coherent and incoherent motion of
large polarons. The obtained results turn out in good agreement with
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83593 </DOCNO>
Magical Number Seven Plus or Minus Two: Syntactic Structure Recognition


  George A. Miller said that human beings have only seven chunks in short-term
memory, plus or minus two. We counted the number of bunsetsus (phrases) whose
modifiees are undetermined in each step of an analysis of the dependency
structure of Japanese sentences, and which therefore must be stored in
short-term memory. The number was roughly less than nine, the upper bound of
seven plus or minus two. We also obtained similar results with English
sentences under the assumption that human beings recognize a series of words,
such as a noun phrase (NP), as a unit. This indicates that if we assume that
the human cognitive units in Japanese and English are bunsetsu and NP
respectively, analysis will support Miller's $7 \pm 2$ theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74274 </DOCNO>
Light Higgs Boson in the Spontaneously CP Violating NMSSM


  We consider spontaneous CP violation in the Next to Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model, without the usual $Z_3$ discrete symmetry. CP violation can
occur at tree level, raising a potential conflict with the experimental bounds
on the electric dipole moments of the electron and neutron. One escape from
this is to demand that the CP violating angles are small, but we find that this
entails a light neutral Higgs particle. This is almost pseudoscalar, can have a
high singlet content, and will be hard to detect experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40988 </DOCNO>
Piecing the Solar Neutrino Puzzle Together at SNO


  We perform an oscillation parameter-independent analysis of solar neutrino
flux measurements from which we predict the charged-current rate at SNO
relative to Standard Solar Model to be $R_{SNO}^{CC}=0.35^{+0.16}_{-0.09}
(0.46^{+0.13}_{-0.11})$ for oscillations to active (sterile) neutrinos. By
alternately considering the $^8$B flux normalization fixed and free, we find
that the flux measured by Super-Kamiokande (SK) not being a result of
oscillations is strongly disfavored for oscillations to active neutrinos. SNO
will determine the best-fit value of the $^8$B flux normalization $\beta$
(equal to the neutral-current rate), without recourse to neutral-current
measurements, from the derived relation $\beta=R_{SNO}^{NC}=5.85 R_{SK} - 4.85
R_{SNO}^{CC}$. Using a simple parameterization of the fraction of high,
intermediate, and low energy solar neutrinos starting above resonance, we
reproduce the results of global analyses to good accuracy; we find that the LMA
solution with a normal mass hierarchy is clearly favored. With $\beta$ free,
our analysis for oscillations to active neutrinos gives
$R_{SNO}^{NC}=\beta=1.34 \pm 0.34$, which corresponds to $R_{SNO}^{CC}=0.28\pm
0.07$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114424 </DOCNO>
A Bayesian Approach to Shape Reconstruction of a Compact Object from a


  Image reconstruction in X ray tomography consists in determining an object
from its projections. In many applications such as non destructive testing, we
look for an image who has a constant value inside a region (default) and
another constant value outside that region (homogeneous region surrounding the
default). The image reconstruction problem becomes then the determination of
the shape of that region. In this work we model the object (the default region)
as a polygonal disc and propose a new method for the estimation of the
coordinates of its vertices directly from a very limited number of its
projections. Keywords: Computed Imaging, Tomography, Shape reconstruction, Non
destructive testing, Regularization, Bayesian estimation, Deformable contours.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5251 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect and singlet-triplet splitting in coupled quantum dots in a


  We study two tunnel-coupled quantum dots each with a spin 1/2 and attached to
leads in the Coulomb blockade regime. We study the interplay between Kondo
correlations and the singlet-triplet exchange splitting $K$ between the two
spins. We calculate the cotunneling current with elastic and inelastic
contributions and its renormalization due to Kondo correlations, away and at
the degeneracy point K=0. We show that these Kondo correlations induce
pronounced peaks in the conductance as function of magnetic field $B$,
inter-dot coupling $t_0$, and temperature. Moreover, the long-range part of the
Coulomb interaction becomes visibile due to Kondo correlations resulting in an
additional peak in the conductance vs $t_0$ with a strong $B$-field dependence.
These conductance peaks thus provide direct experimental access to $K$, and
thus to a crucial control parameter for spin-based qubits and entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75618 </DOCNO>
How to explicitly introduce the Jaffe-Witten mass gap into the quantum


  We propose how to explicitly introduce the Jaffe-Witten mass gap into the
quantum Yang-Mills theory. Through the full gluon propagator it is defined as
such nonperturbative scale that when it formally goes to zero, then the
perturbative phase survives in the theory only. The close link between mass gap
and strong infrared singularities which are due to dominated in the QCD vacuum
self-interaction of massless gluons is also discussed. This interaction leads
thus to the zero momentum modes enhancement effect in the QCD nonperturbative
vacuum. Using theory of distributions, we argue that strong nonperturbative
infrared singularities can be put under control. A new, intrinsically
nonperturbative phase in QCD is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73215 </DOCNO>
Open charm enhancement by secondary interactions in relativistic


  We calculate open charm production in $Pb+Pb$ reactions at SPS energies
within the HSD transport approach - which is based on string, quark, diquark
($q, \bar{q}, qq, \bar{q}\bar{q}$) and hadronic degrees of freedom - including
the production of open charm pairs from secondary 'meson'-'baryon' (or
quark-diquark and antiquark-diquark) collisions. It is argued that at collision
energies close to the $c\bar{c}$ pair threshold the dominant production
mechanism is related to the two body (or quasi two body) reactions $\pi N \to
\bar{D} (\bar{D^*}) \Lambda_c, (\Sigma_c)$. Estimates within the framework of
the Quark-Gluon String model suggest cross sections of a few $\mu b$ for $\pi N
\to \bar{D} \Lambda_c$ in the region of 1 GeV above threshold. The dynamical
transport calculations for $Pb + Pb$ at 160 A$\cdot$GeV indicate that the open
charm enhancement reported by the NA50 Collaboration might be due to such
secondary reaction mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2329 </DOCNO>
A hysteresis model with dipole interaction: one more devil-staircase


  Magnetic properties of 2D systems of magnetic nanoobjects (2D regular
lattices of the magnetic nanoparticles or magnetic nanostripes) are considered.
The analytical calculation of the hysteresis curve of the system with
interaction between nanoobjects is provided. It is shown that during the
magnetization reversal system passes through a number of metastable states. The
kinetic problem of the magnetization reversal was solved for three models. The
following results have been obtained. 1) For 1D system (T=0) with the
long-range interaction with the energy proportional to $r^{-p}$, the
staircase-like shape of the magnetization curve has self-similar character. The
nature of the steps is determined by interplay of the interparticle interaction
and coercivity of the single nanoparticle. 2) The influence of the thermal
fluctuations on the kinetic process was examined in the framework of the
nearest-neighbor interaction model. The thermal fluctuations lead to the
additional splitting of the steps on the magnetization curve. 3) The
magnetization curve for system with interaction and coercivity dispersion was
calculated in mean field approximation. The simple method to experimentally
distinguish the influence of interaction and coercivity dispersion on the
magnetization curve is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2032 </DOCNO>
High critical current densities in superconducting MgB2 thin films


  Superconducting MgB2 thin films were prepared on Al2O3(0001) and MgO(100)
substrates. Boron thin films were deposited by the electron-beam evaporation
followed by post-annealing process with magnesium. Proper post annealing
conditions were investigated to grow good superconducting MgB2 thin films. The
X-ray diffraction patterns showed randomly orientated growth of MgB2 phase in
our thin films. The surface morphology was examined by scanning electron
microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Critical current density
(Jc) measured by transport method was about 10^7 A/cm^2 at 15 K, and
superconducting transition temperature (Tc) was ~ 39 K in the MgB2 thin films
on Al2O3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6471 </DOCNO>
Observation of Ising-like critical fluctuations in frustrated Josephson


  We report the results of ac sheet conductance measurements performed on fully
frustrated square arrays of Josephson junctions whose coupling energy is
periodically modulated in one of the principal lattice directions. Such systems
are predicted to exhibit two distinct transitions: a low-temperature Ising-like
transition triggered by the proliferation of domain walls and a
high-temperature transition driven by the vortex unbinding mechanism of the
Beresinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) theory. Both the superfluid and
dissipative components of the conductance are found to exhibit features which
unambiguously demonstrate the existence of a double transition whose properties
are consistent with the Ising-BKT scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113634 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Theory of Survival


  Theoretical analysis proves that human survivability is dominated by an
unusual physical, rather than biological, mechanism, which yields an exact law.
The law agrees with all experimental data, but, contrary to existing theories,
it is the same for an entire species, i.e., it is independent of the
population, its phenotypes, environment and history. The law implies that the
survivability changes with environment via phase transitions, which are
simultaneous for all generations. They allow for a rapid (within few percent of
the life span) and significant increase in the life expectancy even above its
value at a much earlier age.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97927 </DOCNO>
On shattering, splitting and reaping partitions


  In this article we investigate the dual-shattering cardinal H, the
dual-splitting cardinal S and the dual-reaping cardinal R, which are
dualizations of the well-known cardinals h (the shattering cardinal, also known
as the distributivity number of P(omega) modulo finite, s (the splitting
number) and r (the reaping number). Using some properties of the ideal J of
nowhere dual-Ramsey sets, which is an ideal over the set of partitions of
omega, we show that add(J)=cov(J)=H. With this result we can show that H >
omega_1 is consistent with ZFC and as a corollary we get the relative
consistency of H > t, where t is the tower number. Concerning S we show that
cov(M) is less than or equal to S (where M is the ideal of the meager sets).
For the dual-reaping cardinal R we get p is less than or equal to R, which is
less than or equal to r (where p is the pseudo-intersection number) and for a
modified dual-reaping number R' we get that R' is less than or equal to d
(where d is the dominating number). As a consistency result we get R < cov(M).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174774 </DOCNO>
Differential directed flow in Au+Au collisions


  We present experimental data on directed flow in semi-central Au+Au
collisions at incident energies from 90 to 400 A MeV. For the first time for
this energy domain, the data are presented in a transverse momentum
differential way. We study the first order Fourier coefficient v1 for different
particle species and establish a gradual change of its patterns as a function
of incident energy and for different regions in rapidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127055 </DOCNO>
Study of the TeV gamma-ray spectrum of SN 1006 around the NE Rim


  The differential spectrum of TeV gamma rays between 1.5 TeV and 20 TeV from
the north-east rim of SN1006 was obtained from the data observed in 1996 and
1997 using the 3.8m CANGAROO \v{C}erenkov telescope. This spectrum matches the
model calculated using the Inverse Compton (IC) process with 2.7k Cosmic
Microwave Background (CMB). This enables us to estimate the absolute strength
of the magnetic field around the shock and the maximum energy of accelerated
electrons with the considerable accuracy: the obtained field strength and
maximum electron energy are $4\pm1$ $\mu$G and 50 TeV respectively.
  Also we have detected again the TeV gamma-ray emission from the same position
using the 10m CANGAROO-II telescope in 2000, and the preliminary spectrum
around 1 TeV region is presented in this conference. The two spectra agree well
in the overlapped energy region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95678 </DOCNO>
The integral representations of the q-Bessel-Macdonald functions


  The q-Bessel-Macdonald functions of kinds 1, 2 and 3 are considered. Their
representations by classical integral are constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5716 </DOCNO>
A perturbative approach to the Bak and Sneppen Model


  We study here the Bak and Sneppen model, a prototype model for the study of
Self-Organized Criticality. In this model several species interact and undergo
extinction with a power law distribution of activity bursts. Species are
defined through their ``fitness' whose distribution in the system is uniform
above a certain universal threshold. Run time statistics is introduced for the
analysis of the dynamics in order to explain the peculiar properties of the
model. This approach based on conditional probability theory, takes into
account the correlations due to memory effects. In this way, we may compute
analytically the value of the fitness threshold with the desired precision.
This represents a substantial improvement with respect to the traditional mean
field approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 812 </DOCNO>
Quantifying dynamics of the financial correlations


  A novel application of the correlation matrix formalism to study dynamics of
the financial evolution is presented. This formalism allows to quantify the
memory effects as well as some potential repeatable intradaily structures in
the financial time-series. The present study is based on the high-frequency
Deutsche Aktienindex (DAX) data over the time-period between November 1997 and
December 1999 and demonstrates a power of the method. In this way two
significant new aspects of the DAX evolution are identified: (i) the memory
effects turn out to be sizably shorter than what the standard autocorrelation
function analysis seems to indicate and (ii) there exist short term repeatable
structures in fluctuations that are governed by a distinct dynamics. The former
of these results may provide an argument in favour of the market efficiency
while the later one may indicate origin of the difficulty in reaching a
Gaussian limit, expected from the central limit theorem, in the distribution of
returns on longer time-horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1216 </DOCNO>
Dielectric Behavior of Nonspherical Cell Suspensions


  Recent experiments revealed that the dielectric dispersion spectrum of
fission yeast cells in a suspension was mainly composed of two sub-dispersions.
The low-frequency sub-dispersion depended on the cell length, whereas the
high-frequency one was independent of it. The cell shape effect was
qualitatively simulated by an ellipsoidal cell model. However, the comparison
between theory and experiment was far from being satisfactory. In an attempt to
close up the gap between theory and experiment, we considered the more
realistic cells of spherocylinders, i.e., circular cylinders with two
hemispherical caps at both ends. We have formulated a Green function formalism
for calculating the spectral representation of cells of finite length. The
Green function can be reduced because of the azimuthal symmetry of the cell.
This simplification enables us to calculate the dispersion spectrum and hence
access the effect of cell structure on the dielectric behavior of cell
suspensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76689 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Dijet Production


  We explore the diffractive interaction of a proton with an anti-proton which
results in centrally produced dijets. This process has been recently studied at
the Tevatron. We make predictions within an Ingelman-Schlein approach and
compare them to the recent data presented by the CDF collaboration. Earlier
calculations resulted in theoretical cross-sections which are much larger than
those observed by CDF. We find that, after consideration of hadronisation
effects and the parton shower, and using parton density functions extracted
from diffractive deep inelastic scattering at HERA, it is possible to explain
the CDF data. We need to assume a gap survival probability of around 10% and
this is in good agreement with the value predicted by theory. We also find that
the non-diffractive contribution to the process is probably significant in the
kinematical region probed by the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149116 </DOCNO>
Cubic Interactions of Bosonic Higher Spin Gauge Fields in $AdS_5$


  The dynamics of totally symmetric free massless higher spin fields in $AdS_d$
is reformulated in terms of the compensator formalism for AdS gravity. The
$AdS_5$ higher spin algebra is identified with the star product algebra with
the $su(2,2)$ vector (i.e., $o(4,2)$ spinor) generating elements. Cubic
interactions of the totally symmetric bosonic higher spin gauge fields in
$AdS_5$, including the interaction with gravity, are formulated at the action
level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129099 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Signatures of Convection in the Spectrum of Procyon.


  We have observed the spectrum of Procyon A (F5IV) from 4559 to 5780 A with a
S/N of ~ 1e3 and a resolving power of 2e5. We have measured the line bisectors
and relative line shifts of a large number of Fe I and Fe II lines, comparing
them to those found in the Sun. A three-dimensional(3D) hydrodynamical model
atmosphere has been computed and is tested against observations. The model
reproduces in detail most of the features observed, although we identify some
room for improvement. At all levels, the comparison of the 3D time-dependent
calculations with the observed spectral lines shows a much better agreement
than for classical homogeneous models, making it possible to refine previous
estimates of the iron abundance, the projected rotational velocity, the
limb-darkening, and the systemic velocity of the Procyon binary system.
 The difference between the iron abundance determined with the 3D model and its
 1D counterpart is <~ 0.05 dex. We find consistency between the iron abundance
derived from Fe I and Fe II lines, suggesting that departures from LTE in the
formation of the studied lines are relatively small. The scatter in the iron
abundance determined from different lines still exceeds the expectations from
the uncertainties in the atomic data, pointing out that one or more components
in the modeling can be refined further.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2815 </DOCNO>
Elastic moduli of vortex lattices within nonlocal London model


  Vortex lattice (VL) elastic response is analyzed within nonlocal London
model. The squash modulus turns zero at the field $H_{\Box}$ where VL undergoes
square-to-rhombus structural transition. In the field region $H>H_{\Box}$ where
the square VL is stable, the rotation modulus turns zero at a field $H_r$
indicating instability of the square VL with respect to rotations. The shear
modulus depends on the shear direction; the dependence is strong in the
vicinity of $H_{\Box}$ where the square VL is soft with respect to the shear
along [110]. The $H$ dependences of elastic moduli are evaluated for
LuNi$_2$B$_2$C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2653 </DOCNO>
Electric-Field-Induced Phase Separation and Labyrinthine Patterns in


  In this paper we report universal labyrinthine patterns observed in
nanocolloids originated from electric-field-induced phase separation. For
nanocolloids consisting of magnetic particles (magnetic fluids), the
labyrinthine pattern as the result of the co-existence of two phases is found
to be stable against perturbation by an additional magnetic field. The
relaxation back to the globally disordered pattern after the magnetic field is
removed clearly shows evolution of "undulation" thus demonstrates that
superimposing magnetic and electric fields can easily manipulate the patterns
resulted from the phase separation, indicating that a magnetic fluid has an
advantage in exploring the dynamics of defects that has applications in many
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3087 </DOCNO>
Magnetic polarons in weakly doped high-Tc superconductors


  We consider a spin Hamiltonian describing d-d exchange interactions between
localized spins d of a finite antiferromagnet as well as p-d interactions
between a conducting hole (p) and localized spins. The Hamiltonian is solved
numerically with use of Lanczos method of diagonalization. We conclude that p-d
exchange interaction leads to localization of magnetic polarons. Quantum
fluctuations of the antiferromagnet strengthen this effect and make the
formation of polarons localized in one site possible even for weak p-d
coupling. Total energy calculations, including the kinetic energy do not change
essentially the phase diagram of magnetic polarons formation. We find that for
parameters reasonable for high-T_c superconductors (i.e. the effective mass
about few electron masses and the ratio of p-d to d-d exchange integral between
ten and thirty) a polaron localized in one lattice cell as well as a small
ferron can form. For reasonable values of the dielectric function and p-d
coupling constant the contributions of magnetic and phonon terms in the
formation of a polaron in weakly doped high-T_c materials are comparable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75072 </DOCNO>
Effects of the Muon g-2 Anomaly on Dark Matter and Accelerator Physics


  The effect of the recently observed 2.6 sigma deviation of the muon anomalous
magnetic moment (a_mu = (g_mu -2)/2) from its Standard Model prediction is
examined within the framework of supergravity models with grand unification and
R parity invariance. The constraints of the Higgs mass bounds, the b -> s gamma
bounds (including the large tan beta NLO corrections) and the cosmological
relic density of light neutralinos (including all slepton neutralino
coannihilation effects) are included in the analysis. For universal soft
breaking, the Higgs and b -> s gamma bounds puts a lower bound m_1/2 >~ 300
GeV, most of the parameter space now falling in the co-annihilation region. The
2 sigma lower bound on the magnetic moment anomaly places an upper bound of
m_1/2 ~< 800 GeV. It is seen that mSUGRA requires that a_mu ~< 50 \times
10^{-10}. One finds for m_h > 114 GeV, that tan beta > 5(7) for A_0 = 0(-4
m_1/2) and for m_h > 120 GeV, one has tan beta > 15 (10) for A_0 = 0(-4m_1/2).
The sparticle spectrum is now much constrained, and the reaches of the Tevatron
RUN II, NLC, and LHC for new physics discovery are discussed. Dark matter
detection rates are examined, and it is seen that future detectors now would be
able to scan most of the parameter space. Models with non-universal soft
breaking in the Higgs and third generation of squarks and sleptons are
exmained, and it is seen that a new Z s-channel annihilation of neutralinos in
the early universe is possible with dark matter detection rates accessible to
the next round of detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72388 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Effects in Prompt Photon Production at the Large Hadron Collider


  We present a detailed study of prompt photon production cross section in
heavy-ion collisions in the central rapidity region at energy of $\sqrt{s}=5.5$
TeV, appropriate to LHC experiment. We include the next-to-leading order
radiative corrections, $O(\alpha_{em}\alpha_s^2)$, nuclear shadowing and the
parton energy loss effects. We find that the nuclear effects can reduce the
invariant cross section for prompt photon production by an order of magnitude
at $p_t=3$ GeV. We discuss theoretical uncertainties due to parton energy loss
and nuclear shadowing parameters. We show that the K-factor, which signifies
the importance of next-to-leading order corrections, is large and has a strong
$p_t$ dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126196 </DOCNO>
The evolution and star formation of dwarf galaxies in the Fornax Cluster


  We present the results of a spectroscopic survey of 675 bright (16.5<Bj<18)
galaxies in a 6 degree field centred on the Fornax cluster with the FLAIR-II
spectrograph on the UK Schmidt Telescope. We measured redshifts for 516
galaxies of which 108 were members of the Fornax Cluster. Nine of these are new
cluster members previously misidentified as background galaxies. The cluster
dynamics show that the dwarf galaxies are still falling into the cluster
whereas the giants are virialised. Our spectral data reveal a higher rate of
star formation among the dwarf galaxies than suggested by morphological
classification: 35 per cent have H-alpha emission indicative of star formation
but only 19 per cent were morphologically classified as late-types. The
distribution of scale sizes is consistent with evolutionary processes which
transform late-type dwarfs to early-type dwarfs. The fraction of dwarfs with
active star formation drops rapidly towards the cluster centre. The
star-forming dwarfs are concentrated in the outer regions of the cluster, the
most extreme in an infalling subcluster. We estimate gas depletion time scales
for 5 dwarfs with detected HI emission: these are long (of order 10 Gyr),
indicating that active gas removal must be involved if they are transformed
into gas-poor dwarfs as they fall further into the cluster. In agreement with
our previous results, we find no compact dwarf elliptical (M32-like) galaxies
in the Fornax Cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5116 </DOCNO>
Asset-asset interactions and clustering in financial markets


  The collective phenomena of a liquid market is characterized in terms of a
particle system scenario. This physical analogy enables us to disentangle
intrinsic features from purely stochastic ones. The latter are the result of
environmental changes due to a `heat bath' acting on the many-asset system,
quantitatively described in terms of a time dependent effective temperature.
The remaining intrinsic properties can be widely investigated by applying
standard methods of classical many body systems. As an example, we consider a
large set of stocks traded at the NYSE and determine the corresponding
asset--asset `interaction' potential. In order to investigate in more detail
the cluster structure suggested by the short distance behavior of the
interaction potential, we perform a connectivity analysis of the spatial
distribution of the particle system. In this way, we are able to draw
conclusions on the intrinsic cluster persistency independently of the specific
market conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128630 </DOCNO>
A Correlation between Galaxy Light Concentration and Supermassive Black


  We present evidence for a strong correlation between the concentration of
bulges and the mass of their central supermassive black hole (M_bh) -- more
concentrated bulges have more massive black holes. Using C_{r_e}(1/3) from
Trujillo, Graham & Caon (2001b) as a measure of bulge concentration, we find
that log (M_bh/M_sun) = 6.81(+/-0.95)C_{r_e}(1/3) + 5.03(+/-0.41). This
correlation is shown to be marginally stronger (Spearman's r_s=0.91) than the
relationship between the logarithm of the stellar velocity dispersion and log
M_bh (Spearman's r_s=0.86), and has comparable, or less, scatter (0.31 dex in
log M_bh), which decreases to 0.19 dex when we use only those galaxies whose
supermassive black hole's radius of influence is resolved and remove one well
understood outlying data point).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76685 </DOCNO>
Maximum mass of neutron stars with a quark core


  Massive neutron stars (NS) are expected to possess a quark core. While the
hadronic side of the NS equation of state (EOS) can be considered well
established, the quark side is quite uncertain. While calculating the EOS of
hadronic matter we have used the Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone formalism with
realistic two-body and three-body forces, as well as a relativistic mean field
model. For quark matter we employ the MIT bag model constraining the bag
constant by exploiting the recent experimental results obtained at CERN on the
formation of a quark-gluon plasma. We calculate the structure of NS interiors
with the EOS comprising both phases, and we find that the NS maximum masses
fall in a relatively narrow interval, $1.45 M_\odot \leq M_{\rm max} \leq 1.65
M_\odot$, near the lower limit of the observational range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75287 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in Hyperon Decays


  In this talk I review theoretical predictions for CP violation in
non-leptonic hyperon decays in the Standard Model and models beyond. In the
Standard Model the CP violating observable $A$ in the polarization asymmetries
of $\Lambda \to p \pi^-$ and $\Xi^- \to \Lambda \pi^-$ decays are predicted to
be in the ranges $(-0.61\sim 6.8)\times 10^{-5}$ and $-(0.1\sim 1)\times
10^{-5}$, respectively. These ranges are below the sensitivity of $1.4\times
10^{-4}$ for $A(\Lambda^0_-)+A(\Xi^0_-)$ for E871 experiment at Fermilab. When
going beyond the SM, such as, Supersymmetric and Left-Right symmetric models,
$A$ can be as large as $10^{-3}$ and a few times of $10^{-4}$, respectively.
Studies of hyperon decays can provide important information about CP violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73766 </DOCNO>
Inflation as a Probe of Short Distance Physics


  We show that a string-inspired Planck scale modification of general
relativity can have observable cosmological effects. Specifically, we present a
complete analysis of the inflationary perturbation spectrum produced by a
phenomenological Lagrangian that has a standard form on large scales but
incorporates a string-inspired short distance cutoff, and find a deviation from
the standard result. We use the de Sitter calculation as the basis of a
qualitative analysis of other inflationary backgrounds, arguing that in these
cases the cutoff could have a more pronounced effect, changing the shape of the
spectrum. Moreover, the computational approach developed here can be used to
provide unambiguous calculations of the perturbation spectrum in other
heuristic models that modify trans-Planckian physics and thereby determine
their impact on the inflationary perturbation spectrum. Finally, we argue that
this model may provide an exception to constraints, recently proposed by Tanaka
and Starobinsky, on the ability of Planck-scale physics to modify the
cosmological spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179378 </DOCNO>
The equivalence theorem and the Bethe-Salpeter equation


  We solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for two-particle scattering in a
field-theoretical model using two lagrangians related by a field
transformation. The kernel of the equation consists of the sum of all
tree-level diagrams for each lagrangian. The solutions differ even if all four
external particles are put on the mass shell, which implies that observables
calculated by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation depend on the representation
of the theory. We point out that this violation of the equivalence theorem has
a simple explanation and should be expected for any Bethe-Salpeter equation
with a tree-level kernel. Implications for dynamical models of hadronic
interactions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149606 </DOCNO>
Integrable Lattice Realizations of N=1 Superconformal Boundary


  We construct integrable boundary conditions for sl(2) coset models with
central charges c=3/2-12/(m(m+2)) and m=3,4,... The associated cylinder
partition functions are generating functions for the branching functions but
these boundary conditions manifestly break the superconformal symmetry. We show
that there are additional integrable boundary conditions, satisfying the
boundary Yang-Baxter equation, which respect the superconformal symmetry and
lead to generating functions for the superconformal characters in both Ramond
and Neveu-Schwarz sectors. We also present general formulas for the cylinder
partition functions. This involves an alternative derivation of the
superconformal Verlinde formula recently proposed by Nepomechie.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148952 </DOCNO>
Topology of the Gauge Group in Noncommutative Gauge Theory


  I argue that the gauge group of noncommutative gauge theory consists of maps
into unitary operators on Hilbert space of the form $u=1+K$ with $K$ compact.
Some implications of this proposal are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76355 </DOCNO>
Hadron-Hadron Scattering in the Nonrelativistic Quark Model


  In this HADRON2001 contribution we summarize the status of our quark-model
calculations of hadron-hadron scattering amplitudes in annihilation-free
channels. The predictions are in reasonably good agreement with experimentally
known S-wave meson-meson and meson-baryon phase shifts, and there are very
recent indications that S-wave pi-omega scattering (extracted from FSIs in b_1
decay) may also be similar to our predictions. Finally, novel applications of
this formalism to the dissociation cross sections of charmonia on light hadrons
(relevant for QGP studies at RHIC) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128809 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Limb Darkening for Pulsating Cepheids


  This work presents a new method to compute time and wavelength dependent
center-to-limb brightness distributions for Classical Cepheids. Our model
atmospheres are based on second-order accurate 1-D hydrodynamic calculations,
performed in spherical geometry. The brightness intensity distributions, and
the resulting limb darkening, are computed through the dynamic atmospheres by
using a full set of atomic and molecular opacities. Our results confirm
important differences with respect to equivalent hydrostatic models. The amount
of limb darkening, and the shape of the limb profiles, show a strong dependence
on the pulsational phase of the Cepheid, which cannot be reproduced by static
models. Non-linear effects in our hydrodynamic equations add a new level of
complexity in the wavelength dependence of our limb profiles, which are
affected by the presence of shock-waves traveling through the atmosphere. These
effects, already detectable by present-day interferometers, should be taken
into consideration when deriving limb darkened diameters for nearby Cepheids
with the accuracy required to measure their radial pulsations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149077 </DOCNO>
Inflaton Field and Primordial Blackhole


  Primordial black hole formation has been studied using an inflaton field with
a variable cosmological term as the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4608 </DOCNO>
Physics of the Pseudogap Phase of High Tc Cuprates, or, RVB Meets


  It is argued that the dominant feature of the phase diagram of the high $T_c$
cuprates is the crossover to the pseudogap phase in the energy (temperature)
region $E (T^*)$. We argue that this scale is determined by the effective
antiferromagnetic interaction which we calculate to be $J_{eff} = J_{\rm
superexchange} - xt$ where $x$ is the hole percentage and $t$ the hopping
integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128603 </DOCNO>
The Origin of Radio Emission in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei:


  The low-luminosity active galactic nuclei in NGC 3147, NGC 4203, and NGC 4579
have been imaged at four frequencies with the Very Long Baseline Array. The
galaxies are unresolved at all frequencies, with size upper limits of
$10^3-10^4$ times the Schwarzschild radii of their central massive black holes.
The spectral indices between 1.7 and 5.0 GHz range from 0.2 to 0.4; one and
possibly two of the galaxies show spectral turnovers between 5.0 and 8.4 GHz.
The high brightness temperatures ($> 10^9$ K) and relatively straight spectra
imply that free-free emission and/or absorption cannot account for the slightly
inverted spectra. Although the radio properties of the cores superficially
resemble predictions for advection-dominated accretion flows, the radio
luminosities are too high compared to the X-ray luminosities. We suggest that
the bulk of the radio emission is generated by a compact radio jet, which may
coexist with a low radiative efficiency accretion flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86475 </DOCNO>
Gravitational waves from freely precessing neutron stars


  In this paper we model the gravitational wave emission of a freely precessing
neutron star. The aim is to estimate likely source strengths, as a guide for
gravitational wave astronomers searching for such signals. We model the star as
a partly elastic, partly fluid body with quadrupolar deformations of its moment
of inertia tensor. The angular amplitude of the free precession is limited by
the finite breaking strain of the star's crust. The effect of internal
dissipation on the star is important, with the precession angle being rapidly
damped in the case of a star with an oblate deformation. We then go on to study
detailed scenarios where free precession is created and/or maintained by some
astrophysical mechanism. We consider the effects of accretion torques,
electromagnetic torques, glitches and stellar encounters. We find that the
mechanisms considered are either too weak to lead to a signal detectable by an
Advanced LIGO interferometer, or occur too infrequently to give a reasonable
event rate. We therefore conclude that, using our stellar model at least, free
precession is not a good candidate for detection by the forthcoming laser
interferometers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87166 </DOCNO>
Rotation intrinsic spin coupling--the parallelism description


  For the Dirac particle in the rotational system, the rotation induced inertia
effect is analogously treated as the modification of the "spin connection" on
the Dirac equation in the flat spacetime, which is determined by the equivalent
tetrad. From the point of view of parallelism description of spacetime, the
obtained torsion axial-vector is just the rotational angular velocity, which is
included in the "spin connection". Furthermore the axial-vector spin coupling
induced spin precession is just the rotation-spin(1/2) interaction predicted by
Mashhoon. Our derivation treatment is straightforward and simplified in the
geometrical meaning and physical conception, however the obtained conclusions
are consistent with that of the other previous work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1802 </DOCNO>
Bose Condensation Without Broken Symmetries


  This paper considers the issue of Bose-Einstein condensation in a weakly
interacting Bose gas with a fixed total number of particles. We use an old
current algebra formulation of non-relativistic many body systems due to Dashen
and Sharp to show that, at sufficiently low temperatures, a gas of weakly
interacting Bosons displays Off-diagonal Long Range Order in the sense
introduced by Penrose and Onsager. Even though this formulation is somewhat
cumbersome it may demystify many of the standard results in the field for those
uncomfortable with the conventional broken symmetry based approaches. All the
physics presented here is well understood but as far as we know this
perspective, although dating from the 60's and 70's, has not appeared in the
literature. We have attempted to make the presentation as self-contained as
possible in the hope that it will be accessible to the many students interested
in the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129208 </DOCNO>
A sub-mm imaging survey of ultracompact HII regions


  We present the preliminary results of a sub-mm imaging survey of ultracompact
HII regions, conducted with the SCUBA bolometer array on JCMT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169029 </DOCNO>
Quantum Operations, State Transformations and Probabilities


  In quantum operations, probabilities characterise both the degree of the
success of a state transformation and, as density operator eigenvalues, the
degree of mixedness of the final state. We give a unified treatment of
pure-to-pure state transformations, covering both probabilistic and
deterministic cases. We then discuss the role of majorization in describing the
dynamics of mixing in quantum operations. The conditions for mixing enhancement
for all initial states are derived. We show that mixing is monotonically
decreasing for deterministic pure-to-pure transformations, and discuss the
relationship between these transformations and deterministic LOCC entanglement
transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7320 </DOCNO>
Defects as a Mechanism for Asymmetric Lineshapes of Electron


  We study the effect of defects on the lineshapes of Electron Paramagnetic
Resonance (EPR) spectra for the molecular magnet Mn$_{12}$ when an applied
field along the crystal c axis is swept with the frequency held fixed. Defects
in a sample may cause local rotations of the magnetization easy axes of the
molecules. Perturbation theory with a single-spin Hamiltonian expressed in
terms of spin operators along the molecular axes, indicates that these local
rotations produce {\it asymmetric} EPR spectra, that the direction of the
asymmetry depends on the energy well within which the EPR transition occurs,
and that its magnitude depends on the frequency, the energy level, and the
distribution of the tilt angle. To predict observable spectra, we calculate the
probability distribution functions for the resonant fields with distributions
in the tilt angle, the uniaxial anisotropy parameter, and the Land\'{e}
$g$-factor. We also discuss optimal conditions under which the asymmetry may be
observed experimentally. Knowledge of the asymmetries in the spectra should
enable one to estimate the width of the distribution of easy-axis directions.
This information may be relevant to a distribution in tunnel splittings for
Mn$_{12}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150254 </DOCNO>
Fractional Branes and N=1 Gauge Theories


  We discuss fractional D3-branes on the orbifold C^3/Z_2*Z_2. We study the
open and the closed string spectrum on this orbifold. The corresponding N=1
theory on the brane has, generically, a U(N_1)*U(N_2)*U(N_3)*U(N_4) gauge group
with matter in the bifundamental. In particular, when only one type of brane is
present, one obtains pure N=1 Yang-Mills. We study the coupling of the branes
to the bulk fields and present the corresponding supergravity solution, valid
at large distances. By using a probe analysis, we are able to obtain the
Wilsonian beta-function for those gauge theories that possess some chiral
multiplet. Although, due to the lack of moduli, the probe technique is not
directly applicable to the case of pure N=1 Yang-Mills, we point out that the
same formula gives the correct result also for this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97976 </DOCNO>
Difference L operators related to q-characters


  We introduce a factorized difference operator L(u) annihilated by the
Frenkel-Reshetikhin screening operator for the quantum affine algebra
U_q(C^{(1)}_n). We identify the coefficients of L(u) with the fundamental
q-characters, and establish a number of formulas for their higher analogues.
They include Jacobi-Trudi and Weyl type formulas, canceling tableau sums,
Casorati determinant solution to the T-system, and so forth. Analogous
operators for the orthogonal series U_q(B^{(1)}_n) and U_q(D^{(1)}_n) are also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168910 </DOCNO>
Universal quantum gates


  In this paper we study universality for quantum gates acting on qudits.Qudits
are states in a Hilbert space of dimension d where d is at least two. We
determine which 2-qudit gates V have the properties (i) the collection of all
1-qudit gates together with V produces all n-qudit gates up to arbitrary
precision, or (ii) the collection of all 1-qudit gates together with V produces
all n-qudit gates exactly. We show that (i) and (ii) are equivalent conditions
on V, and they hold if and only if V is not a primitive gate. Here we say V is
primitive if it transforms any decomposable tensor into a decomposable tensor.
We discuss some applications and also relations with work of other authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86498 </DOCNO>
Holography&Transplantation and All That (The tip of an iceberg for a


  Recent developments in local quantum physics have led to revolutionary
conceptual changes in the thinking about a more intrinsic formulation and in
particular about unexpected aspects of localized degrees of freedom. This
paradigmatic change is most spectacular in a new rigorous form of
``holography'' and ``transplantation'' as generic properties in QFT beyond the
rather special geometric black hole setting in which the geometric
manifestations of these properties were first noted. This new setting is also
the natural arena for understanding the rich world of ``black hole analogs''
(``dumb holes'' for phonons). The mathematical basis for all this is the
extremely powerful Tomita-Takesaki modular theory in operator algebras. The
rich consequences of the impressive blend of this theory with physical
localization entails among other things the presence of ``fuzzy'' acting
infinite dimensional symmetry groups, a spacetime interpretation and derivation
of the d=1+1 Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra (i.e. a better understanding of the
bootstrap-formfactor approach) and the noncommutative multiparticle structure
of ``free'' anyons based on the use of Wigner representation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74642 </DOCNO>
Direct Detection of Warm Dark Matter in the X-ray


  We point out a serendipitous link between warm dark matter (WDM) models for
structure formation on the one hand and the high sensitivity energy range (1-10
keV) for x-ray photon detection on the Chandra and XMM-Newton observatories on
the other. This fortuitous match may provide either a direct detection of the
dark matter or exclusion of many candidates. We estimate expected x-ray fluxes
from field galaxies and clusters of galaxies if the dark matter halos of these
objects are composed of WDM candidate particles with rest masses in the
structure formation-preferred range (~1 keV to ~20 keV) and with small
radiative decay branches. Existing observations lead us to conclude that for
singlet neutrinos (possessing a very small mixing with active neutrinos) to be
a viable WDM candidate they must have rest masses < 5 keV in the zero lepton
number production mode. Future deeper observations may detect or exclude the
entire parameter range for the zero lepton number case, perhaps restricting the
viability of singlet neutrino WDM models to those where singlet production is
driven by a significant lepton number. The Constellation X project has the
capability to detect/exclude singlet neutrino WDM for lepton number values up
to 10% of the photon number. We also consider diffuse x-ray background
constraints on these scenarios. These same x-ray observations additionally may
constrain parameters of active neutrino and gravitino WDM candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168881 </DOCNO>
Distillability, Bell inequalities and multiparticle bound entanglement


  We study the relation between violation of Bell inequalities and
distillability properties of quantum states. Recently, D\"ur has shown that
there are some multiparticle bound entangled states, non-separable and
non-distillable, that violate a Bell inequality. We prove that for all the
states violating this inequality there exist at least one splitting of the
parties into two groups such that some pure-state entanglement can be
distilled, obtaining a connection between Bell inequalities and bipartite
distillable entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74889 </DOCNO>
Neutrino induced hard exclusive D_s production


  Motivated by the possibility to use high intensity neutrino beams for
neutrino-nucleon scattering experiments we analyze charged current induced
exclusive meson production within the framework of generalized parton
distributions. The cross section for hard exclusive D_s production is estimated
in this formalism to leading order in QCD. The integrated cross section proves
to be sizable. It is shown that the considered process is well suited to
provide novel information on the gluon structure of nucleons, which is
contained in the generalized gluon parton distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126808 </DOCNO>
Chemical evolution and abundance gradients in the Milky Way


  We extend our model of chemical evolution that successfully account for the
main observables in the solar neighborhood (Alibes, Labay & Canal 2001) to the
whole Milky Way halo and disk. We assume an inside-out scenario for the
assembling of the Galaxy through the infall of external material. Two different
compositions of the infalling material have been considered: primordial and
slightly metal-enriched (0.1 Z_{\sun}). Our calculations follow the evolution
of 76 isotopes up to the Iron peak, but we only present here results for the
elements having well-measured gradients: C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ar and Fe.
The calculated current radial distributions of these elements are compared with
large samples of data from HII regions, B stars, planetary nebulae and open
clusters. We also discuss the time evolution of the abundance gradients. Good
fits are achieved with both infall compositions, closer to the observational
data in the case of primordial infall. We show that contributions from
intermediate-mass stars allow to reproduce the measured abundances of C and N,
but the profiles of their ratios to oxygen leave still open the nucleosynthetic
origin of these elements. In agreement with several previous works, our models
predict a flattening with time of the abundance gradients, most of which taking
place during the early galactic evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125493 </DOCNO>
The Discovery of Cepheids and a New Distance to NGC 2841 Using the


  We report on the discovery of Cepheids in the spiral galaxy NGC 2841, based
on observations made with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 on board the
Hubble Space Telescope. NGC 2841 was observed over 12 epochs using the F555W
filter, and over 5 epochs using the F814W filter. Photometry was performed
using the DAOPHOT/ALLFRAME package.
  We discovered a total of 29 variables, including 18 high-quality Cepheids
with periods ranging from 15 to 40 days. Period-luminosity relations in the V
and I bands, based on the high-quality Cepheids, yield an extinction-corrected
distance modulus of 30.74 +/- 0.23 mag, which corresponds to a distance of 14.1
+/- 1.5 Mpc. Our distance is based on an assumed LMC distance modulus of 18.50
+/- 0.10 mag (D = 50+/- 2.5 kpc) and a metallicity dependence of the Cepheid
P-L relation of gamma (VI) = -0.2 +/- 0.2 mag/dex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4260 </DOCNO>
Lattice coupled first order magnetoresistance transition in an A-type


  We investigated magnetic, magnetotransport and magnetostriction properties of
the A-type antiferromagnet Pr$_{0.46}$Sr$_{0.54}$MnO$_3$ which undergoes a
first order paramagnetic-antiferromagnetic transition below T$_N$ = 210 K while
cooling and T$_N$ = 215 K while warming. The zero field ($\mu_0$H = 0 T)
resistivity shows a sudden jump at T$_N$ and a small bump around T$_{max}$ =
220 K (\TEXTsymbol{>} T$_N$). T$_N$ shifts down and T$_{max}$ shifts up with
increasing $\mu_0$H. Magnetoresistance as high as -45-57 % at 7 T is found in
the temperature range 180 K-230 K. Isothermal measurements indicate that the
field induced antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition below T$_N$ is
accompanied by a rapid decrease of the resistivity but increase of volume
($\Delta $V/V = +0.25 % at 180 K and 13.7 T). This lattice coupled
magnetoresistance transition is suggested due to the field induced structural
transition from the low volume orthorhombic to the high volume tetragonal
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114374 </DOCNO>
Spatial diffusion in a periodic optical lattice: revisiting the Sisyphus


  We numerically study the spatial diffusion of an atomic cloud experiencing
Sisyphus cooling in a three-dimensional lin$\bot$lin optical lattice in a broad
range of lattice parameters. In particular, we investigate the dependence on
the size of the lattice sites which changes with the angle between the laser
beams. We show that the steady-state temperature is largely independent of the
lattice angle, but that the spatial diffusion changes significantly. It is
shown that the numerical results fulfil the Einstein relations of Brownian
motion in the jumping regime as well as in the oscillating regime. We finally
derive an effective Brownian motion model from first principles which gives
good agreement with the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76310 </DOCNO>
An interpolation of the vacuum polarization function for the evaluation


  We propose a simple parameterization of the two-point correlator of hadronic
electromagnetic currents for the evaluation of the hadronic contributions to
the muon anomalous magnetic moment. The parameterization is explicitly done in
the Euclidean domain. The model function contains a phenomenological parameter
which provides an infrared cutoff to guarantee the smooth behavior of the
correlator at the origin in accordance with experimental data in e+ e-
annihilation. After fixing a numerical value for this parameter from the
leading order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment the
next-to-leading order results related to the vacuum polarization function are
accurately reproduced. The properties of the four-point correlator of hadronic
electromagnetic currents as the so-called light-by-light scattering amplitude
relevant for the calculation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75064 </DOCNO>
Inclusive Higgs boson and dijet production via Double Pomeron exchange


  We evaluate Higgs boson and dijet cross-sections at the Tevatron collider via
Double Pomeron exchange when accompanying particles in the central region are
taken into account. Such {\it inclusive} processes, normalized to the observed
dijet rate observed at run I, noticeably increase the predictions for tagged
(anti)protons in the run II with respect to {\it exclusive} ones, with the
potentiality of Higgs boson detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169183 </DOCNO>
Ellipsometric measurements by use of photon pairs generated by


  We present a novel interferometric technique for performing ellipsometric
measurements. This technique relies on the use of a non-classical optical
source, namely, polarization-entangled twin photons generated by spontaneous
parametric down-conversion from a nonlinear crystal, in conjunction with a
coincidence-detection scheme. Ellipsometric measurements acquired with this
scheme are absolute; i.e., they do not require source and detector calibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97288 </DOCNO>
Cyclic Cohomology of Crossed Coproduct Coalgebras


  We introduce the cocylidrical module $C \natural^{} \mathcal{H}$, where
$\mathcal{H}$ is a Hopf algebra with $S^2=id_{\mathcal{H}}$ and $C$ is a Hopf
comodule coalgebra over $\mathcal{H}$. We show there exist a cocyclic map
between the cocyclic module of the cross coproduct coalgebra $C > 
\blacktriangleleft \mathcal{H}$ and $\Delta(C \natural^{}\mathcal{H}) $, the
cocyclic module related to the diagonal of $C \natural^{} \mathcal{H}$ so that
these two cocyclic module are isomorphic in the cocommutative case. With
similar methods we approximate $\Delta(C \natural^{} \mathcal{H})$ by a
spectral sequence and we give an interpretation for $\mathsf{E}^0,
\mathsf{E}^1$ and $\mathsf{E}^2$ terms of this spectral sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75960 </DOCNO>
Analytic parametrizations of the non-perturbative Pomeron and


  We consider several classes of analytic parametrizations of hadronic
scattering amplitudes, and compare their predictions to all available forward
data (proton- proton, antiproton-proton, pion-proton, kaon-proton,
photon-proton, photon- photon, sigma-proton). Although these parametrizations
are very close for energy larger than 9 GeV, it turns out that they differ
markedly at low energy, where a universal Pomeron term ~(ln s)**2 enables one
to extend the fit down to 4 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1659 </DOCNO>
On the "spin-freezing" mechanism in underdoped superconducting cuprates


  The letter deals with the spin-freezing process observed by means of NMR-NQR
relaxation or by muon spin rotation in underdoped cuprate superconductors. This
phenomenon, sometimes referred as coexistence of antiferromagnetic and
superconducting order parameters, is generally thought to result from randomly
distributed magnetic moments related to charge inhomogeneities (possibly
stripes) which exhibit slowing down of their fluctuations on cooling below
T$_c$ . Instead, we describe the experimental findings as due to fluctuating,
vortex-antivortex, orbital currents state coexisting with d-wave
superconducting state. A direct explanation of the experimental results, in
underdoped Y$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$Ba$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.1}$ and La$_{2-x}$Sr$%_x$CuO$_4$,
is thus given in terms of freezing of orbital current fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123918 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Luminosity Function and Colors of Galaxies in a


  The luminosity function of galaxies is derived from a cosmological
hydrodynamic simulation of a Lambda cold dark matter (CDM) universe with the
aid of a stellar population synthesis model. At z=0, the resulting B band
luminosity function has a flat faint end slope of \alpha \approx -1.15 with the
characteristic luminosity and the normalization in a fair agreement with
observations, while the dark matter halo mass function is steep with a slope of
\alpha \approx -2. The colour distribution of galaxies also agrees well with
local observations. We also discuss the evolution of the luminosity function,
and the colour distribution of galaxies from z=0 to 5. A large evolution of the
characteristic mass in the stellar mass function due to number evolution is
compensated by luminosity evolution; the characteristic luminosity increases
only by 0.8 mag from z=0 to 2, and then declines towards higher redshift, while
the B band luminosity density continues to increase from z=0 to 5 (but only
slowly at z>3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1753 </DOCNO>
Fractional Charge


  The origin and quantum status of Fractional Charge in polyacetylne and field
theory are reviewed, along with reminiscences of collaboration with John Bell
on the subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168452 </DOCNO>
Partial recovery of entanglement in bipartite entanglement


  Any deterministic bipartite entanglement transformation involving finite
copies of pure states and carried out using local operations and classical
communication (LOCC) results in a net loss of entanglement. We show that for
almost all such transformations, partial recovery of lost entanglement is
achievable by using $2 \times 2$ auxiliary entangled states, no matter how
large the dimensions of the parent states are. For the rest of the special
cases of deterministic LOCC transformations, we show that the dimension of the
auxiliary entangled state depends on the presence of equalities in the
majorization relations of the parent states. We show that genuine recovery is
still possible using auxiliary states in dimensions less than that of the
parent states for all patterns of majorization relations except only one
special case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129517 </DOCNO>
TeV candidate BL Lac objects


  The TeV emission of low power BL Lac objects has been established by the
detection of an handful of them. The knowledge of the level of the TeV emission
and its spectrum can shed light on the particle acceleration mechanisms, and it
is especially important to assess the still uncertain level of the far infrared
background radiation, which can absorb the TeV photons through photon--photon
interactions. In view of these implications, it is necessary to enlarge the
number of TeV detected sources, and to find them at different redshifts. To
this aim, we propose a general and simple criterium to select the best TeV
candidates, and produce a list of them with flux estimates above 40 GeV, 300
GeV and 1 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149960 </DOCNO>
Multi-graviton theories : yes-go and no-go results


  We report yes-go and no-go results on consistent cross-couplings for a
collection of gravitons. Motivated by the search of theories where multiplets
of massless spin-two fields cross-interact, we look for all the consistent
deformations of a positive sum of Pauli-Fierz actions. We also investigate the
problem of deforming a (positive and negative) sum of linearized Weyl gravity
actions and show explicitly that there exists multi-Weyl-graviton theories. As
the single-graviton Weyl theory, these theories do not have an energy bounded
from below.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123511 </DOCNO>
From nuclei to atoms and molecules: the chemical history of the early


  The "dark age" of the Universe is generally pointed out as the period between
the recombination epoch and the horizon of current observations (z=5-6). The
arrow of time in the cosmic history describes the progression from simplicity
to complexity, because the present Universe is clumpy and complicated unlike
the homogeneous early Universe. Thus it is crucial to know the nature of the
constituents, in order to understand the conditions of the formation of the
first bound objects. In this paper we analyse the chemical history of this
"dark age" through the creation of the primordial nuclei to the formation of
the first atoms and molecules. Then we will describe the consequences of the
molecular formation on the birth of the proto-objects. In this context we will
mention the important works of Dennis W. Sciama who influenced a large number
of theorists -cosmologists and astronomers- on this new field of research
dedicated to primordial molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3694 </DOCNO>
Self-gravitating systems in a three-dimensional expanding Universe


  The non-linear evolution of one-dimensional perturbations in a
three-dimensional expanding Universe is considered. A general Lagrangian scheme
is derived, and compared to two previously introduced approximate models. These
models are simulated with heap-based event-driven numerical procedure, that
allows for the study of large systems, averaged over many realizations of
random initial conditions. One of the models is shown to be qualitatively, and,
in some respects, concerning mass aggregation, quantitatively similar to the
adhesion model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4240 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Gap, Pseudogap and Their Relationship Investigated by


  Temperature and doping dependent tunneling spectroscopy on
$Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta}$ single crystals has been investigated by using
break-junction technique. The results provide direct evidence that the
pseudogap persists into heavily overdoped regime, possibly in whole doping
range of the superconducting phase. The gap value determined from the
peak-to-peak of the conductance, $\Delta_{p-p}$, exhibits a jump-like increase
as $T$ is raised across the critical temperature. The magnitude of the jump,
the pseudogap opening temperature and superconducting gap decrease with raising
doping. The $\Delta_{p-p}$ below $T_c$ can be naturally treated as the vector
sum of two competing orders: a BCS-like superconducting gap and a residual
pseudogap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113857 </DOCNO>
The Franck-Hertz experiment re-considered


  The celebrated Franck-Hertz experiment is reinterpreted by analogy with the
Glimmentladung experiment, formerly performed by Heinrich Hertz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123347 </DOCNO>
Magnetically Accreting Isolated Old Neutron Stars


  Previous work on the emission from isolated old neutron stars (IONS)
accreting the inter-stellar medium (ISM) focussed on gravitational capture -
Bondi accretion. We propose a new class of sources which accrete via magnetic
interaction with the ISM. While for the Bondi mechanism, the accretion rate
decreases with increasing NS velocity, in magnetic accretors (MAGACs="magics")
the accretion rate increases with increasing NS velocity. MAGACs will be
produced among high velocity (~> 100 km s-1) high magnetic field (B> 1e14 G)
radio pulsars - the ``magnetars'' - after they have evolved first through
magnetic dipole spin-down, followed by a ``propeller'' phase (when the object
sheds angular momentum on a timescale ~< 1e10 yr). The properties of MAGACS may
be summarized thus: dipole magnetic fields of B~>1e14 G; minimum velocities
relative to the ISM of >25-100 km s-1, depending on B, well below the median in
the observed radio-pulsar population; spin-periods of >days to years; accretion
luminosities of 1e28- 1e31 ergs s-1 ; and effective temperatures kT=0.3 - 2.5
keV if they accrete onto the magnetic polar cap. We find no examples of MAGACs
among previously observed source classes (anomalous X-ray pulsars,
soft-gamma-ray repeaters or known IONS). However, MAGACs may be more prevelant
in flux-limited X-ray catalogs than their gravitationally accreting
counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86063 </DOCNO>
Who is the Inflaton?


  In the context of the two-fluid model introduced to tame the transplanckian
problem of black hole physics, the inflaton field of the chaotic inflation
scenario is identified with the fluctuation of the density of modes. Its mass
comes about from the exchange of degrees of freedom between the two fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 292 </DOCNO>
Fabrication and Characterization of Boron Carbide / n-Silicon Carbide


  The fabrication, initial structural characterization and diode measurements
are reported for the first boron carbide / silicon carbide heterojunction
diode. Current-voltage curves obtained for operation at temperatures from 24 C
to 388 C. PECVD-deposited undoped boron carbide material is highly crystalline
and consists of a variety of polytypes of B-C with crystal sizes as large as
110 nm. Crystal phases are similar to those for PECVD B-C on Si but only
partially match known boron and boron-rich B-C phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114477 </DOCNO>
Optical Diffraction-Transition Radiation Interferometry and its


  Optical transition radiation interferometry (OTRI) has been shown to be a
very useful technique to measure the divergence of electron beams with energies
in the range of 15-100 MeV. However, application of this method to low energy
or very high quality beams is limited by scattering in the front foil of the
interferometer. To overcome this limitation we propose to use a perforated
front foil. For the beam energy and hole sizes we are considering, the
unscattered beam electrons passing through the holes will produce diffraction
radiation (ODR). The total radiation produced from the first and second foils
then will be a spatially coherent sum of ODR and OTR from unscattered and
scattered electrons. By controlling the number and size of the perforations,
the inter-foil spacing, the thickness of the first foil and the wavelength and
band pass of the observed radiation, the coherent interferences due to the
unscattered portion of the beam can be isolated and observed. The visibility of
these interferences can then be used to determine the rms beam divergence. We
have developed a general computer code which can be used to calculate
diffraction radiation from any type of perforation and another code to compute
the ODR-OTR interference pattern for a given set of beam and optical
parameters. These codes are employed in the design of an interferometer to
measure the divergence of the ATF accelerator operating at 30 MeV. This beam
will be used in an initial proof of principle experiment for the ODR-OTR
interferometer. We present the results of our code calculations which show that
the expected divergence, 200 micro radians, can be easily measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6061 </DOCNO>
Level correlations in integrable systems


  We derive a simple analytical expression for the level correlation function
of an integrable system. It accounts for both the lack of correlations at
smaller energy scales and for global rigidity (level number conservation) at
larger scales. We apply our results to a rectangle with incommensurate sides
and show that they are in excellent agreement with the limiting cases
established in the semiclassical theory of level rigidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128192 </DOCNO>
UV Imaging Polarimetry of the Seyfert 2 Galaxy Mrk 3


  We present UV imaging polarimetry data of the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 3 taken by
the Hubble Space Telescope. The polarized flux is found to be extended to ~1
kpc from the nucleus, and the position angles of polarization are
centrosymmetric, confirming that the polarization is caused by scattering. We
determine the location of the hidden nucleus as the center of this
centrosymmetric pattern. From the polarization images taken in two broad bands,
we have obtained the color distribution of the polarized flux. Some regions
have blue polarized flux, consistent with optically-thin dust scattering, but
some bright knots have a color similar to that of Seyfert 1 nucleus. Also, the
recent Chandra X-ray observation suggests that the ratio of scattered UV flux
to scattered X-ray flux is rather similar to the intrinsic UV/X-ray ratio in a
Seyfert 1 nucleus, if the observed extended X-ray continuum is scattered light.
While the scattered X-ray would be essentially from electron scattering, the UV
slope and UV/X-ray ratio both being similar to Seyfert 1's would lead to two
possibilities as to the nature of the UV scatterers. One is that the UV may
also be scattered by electrons, in which case the scattering gas is somehow
dust-free. The other is that the UV is scattered by dust grains, but the
wavelength-independent UV scattering with low efficiency indicated by the UV
slope and UV/X-ray ratio would suggest that the grains reside in UV-opaque
clouds, or the dust might be mainly composed of large grains and lacks
small-grain population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168303 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Estimation of a Noisy Quantum Channel Using Entanglement


  We discuss the estimation of channel parameters for a noisy quantum channel -
the so-called Pauli channel - using finite resources. It turns out that prior
entanglement considerably enhances the fidelity of the estimation when we
compare it to an estimation scheme based on separable quantum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150129 </DOCNO>
Solution of the relativistic Dirac-Morse problem


  Dirac equation for a charged particle in static electromagnetic field is
written for special cases of spherically symmetric potentials. Besides the well
known Dirac-Coulomb and Dirac-Oscillator potentials, we obtain a relativistic
version of the S-wave Morse potential. This is accomplished by adding a simple
exponential potential term to the Dirac operator, which in the nonrelativistic
limit reproduces the usual Morse potential. The relativistic bound states
spectrum and spinor wavefunctions are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76091 </DOCNO>
Confining Phases of a Compact U(1) Gauge Theory from the


  We consider the phase structure of a pure compact U(1) gauge theory in four
dimensions at finite temperature by treating this system as a perturbative
deformation of the topological model. Phases of a gauge theory can be
investigated from the phase structure of the topological model. The thermal
pressure of the topological model has been calculated, from which its phase
structure can be derived. We have obtained phases of a compact U(1) gauge
theory. Moreover, the critical-line equation has been explicitly evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3955 </DOCNO>
Monoclinic phase in the relaxor-based piezo-/ ferroelectric


  A ferroelectric monoclinic phase of space group $Cm$ ($M_A$ type) has been
discovered in 0.65Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3})O_3$-0.35PbTiO$_3$ by means of high
resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction. It appears at room temperature in a
single crystal previously poled under an electric field of 43 kV/cm applied
along the pseudocubic [001] direction, in the region of the phase diagram
around the morphotropic phase boundary between the rhombohedral (R3m) and the
tetragonal (P4mm) phases. The monoclinic phase has lattice parameters a = 5.692
A, b = 5.679 A, c = 4.050 A and $\beta $ = $90.15^{\circ}$, with the b$_m$-axis
oriented along the pseudo-cubic [110] direction . It is similar to the
monoclinic phase observed in PbZr$_{1-x}$Ti$_x$O$_3$, but different from that
recently found in Pb(Zn$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3})O_3$-PbTiO$_3$, which is of space
group $Pm$ ($M_C$ type).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169036 </DOCNO>
Tomography and spectroscopy as quantum computations


  Determining the state of a system and measuring properties of its evolution
are two of the most important tasks a physicist faces. For the first purpose
one can use tomography, a method that after subjecting the system to a number
of experiments determines all independent elements of the density matrix. For
the second task, one can resort to spectroscopy, a set of techniques used to
determine the spectrum of eigenvalues of the evolution operator. In this
letter, we show that tomography and spectroscopy can be naturally interpreted
as dual forms of quantum computation. We show how to adapt the simplest case of
the well-known phase estimation quantum algorithm to perform both tasks, giving
it a natural interpretation as a simulated scattering experiment. We show how
this algorithm can be used to implement an interesting form of tomography by
performing a direct measurement of the Wigner function of a quantum system. We
present results of such measurements performed on a system of three qubits
using liquid state NMR quantum computation techniques in a sample of
trichloroethylene. Remarkable analogies with other experiments are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148809 </DOCNO>
The Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Asymptotically Flat Charged Black Holes


  We show that the modified Cardy-Verlinde formula without the Casimir effect
term is satisfied by asymptotically flat charged black holes in arbitrary
dimensions. Thermodynamic quantities of the charged black holes are shown to
satisfy the energy-temperature relation of a two-dimensional CFT, which
supports the claim in our previous work (Phys. Rev. D61, 044013,
hep-th/9910244) that thermodynamics of charged black holes in higher dimensions
can be effectively described by two-dimensional theories. We also check the
Cardy formula for the two-dimensional black hole compactified from a dilatonic
charged black hole in higher dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86027 </DOCNO>
A Proof of the Generalized Second Law for Two-Dimensional Black Holes


  We investigate the generalized second law for two-dimensional black holes in
equilibrium (Hartle-Hawking) and nonequilibrium (Unruh) with the heat bath
surrounding the black holes. We obtain a simple expression for the change of
total entropy in terms of covariant thermodynamic variables, which is valid not
only for the Hartle-Hawking state but also for the Unruh state up to leading
order, without assuming a quasi-stationary evolution of the black holes. Using
this expression, it is shown that the rate of local entropy production is
non-negative in the two-dimensional black hole systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168462 </DOCNO>
Quantum Digital Signatures


  We present a quantum digital signature scheme whose security is based on
fundamental principles of quantum physics. It allows a sender (Alice) to sign a
message in such a way that the signature can be validated by a number of
different people, and all will agree either that the message came from Alice or
that it has been tampered with. To accomplish this task, each recipient of the
message must have a copy of Alice's "public key," which is a set of quantum
states whose exact identity is known only to Alice. Quantum public keys are
more difficult to deal with than classical public keys: for instance, only a
limited number of copies can be in circulation, or the scheme becomes insecure.
However, in exchange for this price, we achieve unconditionally secure digital
signatures. Sending an m-bit message uses up O(m) quantum bits for each
recipient of the public key. We briefly discuss how to securely distribute
quantum public keys, and show the signature scheme is absolutely secure using
one method of key distribution. The protocol provides a model for importing the
ideas of classical public key cryptography into the quantum world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97360 </DOCNO>
The Existence and Stability of Noncommutative Scalar Solitons


  We establish existence and stabilty results for solitons in noncommutative
scalar field theories in even space dimension $2d$. In particular, for any
finite rank spectral projection $P$ of the number operator ${\mathcal N}$ of
the $d$-dimensional harmonic oscillator and sufficiently large noncommutativity
parameter $\theta$ we prove the existence of a rotationally invariant soliton
which depends smoothly on $\theta$ and converges to a multiple of $P$ as
$\theta\to\infty$.
  In the two-dimensional case we prove that these solitons are stable at large
$\theta$, if $P=P_N$, where $P_N$ projects onto the space spanned by the $N+1$
lowest eigenstates of ${\mathcal N}$, and otherwise they are unstable. We also
discuss the generalisation of the stability results to higher dimensions. In
particular, we prove stability of the soliton corresponding to $P=P_0$ for all
$\theta$ in its domain of existence.
  Finally, for arbitrary $d$ and small values of $\theta$, we prove without
assuming rotational invariance that there do not exist any solitons depending
smoothly on $\theta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128556 </DOCNO>
Determining the location of Gamma-Ray Bursts through the evolution of


  We investigate through dedicated numerical simulations the evolution of the
soft X-ray absorption properties of a cloud surrounding a gamma-ray burst
source. We show that the absorption properties of the material are strongly
modified by the ionization induced by the intense burst flux. We derive the
temporal evolution of the measured column density as a function of the density
and size of the absorbing medium. Even if their statistical significance is not
extremely compelling, we find that the detection in several bursts of variable
absorption during the gamma-ray phase can be accounted for if these bursts are
associated to overdense regions in molecular clouds with properties similar to
those of star formation globules. We fit our model variable column density to
the data of GRB 980329 and GRB 780506, showing that with this method the size,
density and density distribution of the material surrounding a burst can be
measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128272 </DOCNO>
A New Evolutionary Picture for CVs and LMXBs


  We consider an alternative to the standard picture of CV and LMXB evolution,
namely the idea that most CVs (and by extension LMXBs) may not yet have had
time to evolve to their theoretical minimum orbital periods. We call this the
Binary Age Postulate (BAP). The observed short-period cutoff in the CV
histogram emerges naturally as the shortest period yet reached in the age of
the Galaxy, while the post-minimum-period space density problem is removed. The
idea has similar desirable consequences for LMXBs. In both cases systems with
nuclear-evolved secondary stars form a prominent part of the short-period
distributions. Properties such as the existence and nature of ultrashort-period
systems, and the spread in mass transfer rates at a given orbital period, are
naturally reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98557 </DOCNO>
Morse theory and higher torsion invariants I


  We compare the higher analytic torsion of Bismut and Lott of a fibre bundle
p: M -> B equipped with a flat vector bundle F -> M and a fibre-wise Morse
function h on M with a higher torsion T that is constructed in terms of a
families Thom-Smale complex associated to h and F, thereby extending previous
joint work with Bismut. Under additional conditions on F, the torsion T is
related to Igusa's higher Franz-Reidemeister torsion. As an application, we use
the higher analytic torsion to detect infinite families of smooth bundles M_j
-> B with diffeomorphic fibres that are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic as
bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 556 </DOCNO>
Tunneling spectroscopy in the magnetic superconductor TmNi2B2C


  We present new measurements about the tunneling conductance in the
borocarbide superconductor TmNi$_2$B$_2$C. The results show a very good
agreement with weak coupling BCS theory, without any lifetime broadening
parameter, over the whole sample surface. We detect no particular change of the
tunneling spectroscopy below 1.5K, when both the antiferromagnetic (AF) phase
and the superconducting order coexist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179152 </DOCNO>
Pairing Interaction and Self-Consistent Densities in Neutron-Rich Nuclei


  Particle and pairing densities in spherical even-even neutron-rich nuclei are
studied within the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach with the
density-dependent pairing interaction. The influence of the density dependence
of the pairing interaction on asymptotic properties of nucleonic distributions
are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the size of the neutron halo dramatically
depends on the behavior of the pairing interaction at low density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96133 </DOCNO>
Finslerian N-spinors: Algebra


  New mathematical objects called Finslerian N-spinors are discussed. The
Finslerian N-spinor algebra is developed. It is found that Finslerian N-spinors
are associated with an N^2-dimensional flat Finslerian space. A generalization
of the epimorphism SL(2,C) --> O^\uparrow_+(1,3) to a case of the group SL(N,C)
is constructed. Particular examples of Finslerian N-spinors for N=2,3 are
considered in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125984 </DOCNO>
The properties of field elliptical galaxies at intermediate redshift.


  We report on the study of a sample of 25 field early-type galaxies, in the
redshift range z~0.1-0.5, selected on the basis of colours and morphology from
the HST-MDS. Field early-type galaxies define a tight Fundamental Plane (FP)
out to z~0.4, with scatter unchanged with respect to local samples, within the
observational errors. The intermediate redshift FP is offset with respect to
the FP of the Coma Cluster. The offset of the FP is found to increase with
redshift. The evolution of the FP is studied quantitatively with a
Bayesian-Montecarlo technique. By applying this technique, we find that the
offset of the intercept of the FP (\Delta \gamma) with respect to the local FP
increases as \Delta \gamma = \tau z with the following 68 per cent limits:
0.33<\tau<0.44 (for \Omega=1, \Omega_{\Lambda}=0) or 0.44<\tau<0.56 (for
\Omega=0.3,\Omega_{\Lambda}=0.7). In addition, we interpret the results in
terms of the evolution of the stellar populations, under the assumption of
passive evolution. In a single-burst scenario, the observed properties are
consistent with those of a stellar population formed at z>2 (for \Omega=1,
\Omega_{\Lambda}=0, H_0=50 \kms Mpc^{-1}) or 0.8<z<1.6 (for \Omega=0.3,
\Omega_{\Lambda}=0.7, H_0=65 \kms Mpc^{-1}). If a small fraction of the stellar
mass is formed in a secondary burst, the primary burst may have occurred at
higher z. Finally, the intercept and scatter of the FP found for field
early-type galaxies and for cluster data at z~0.4 are mutually consistent,
within the observational errors. If higher redshift (up to z=0.83) cluster data
are considered, the ages of the stellar populations of field early-type
galaxies inferred from a single-burst scenario are found to be marginally
smaller than the ages derived for the cluster galaxies. [shortened]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128077 </DOCNO>
Sub-structure of the outer Galactic Halo from the 2 Micron All Sky


  A pole-count analysis of the infrared 2MASS survey is presented, in order to
identify faint stream-like structures within the halo of the Milky Way.
Selecting stars with colours consistent with M-giant stars, we find a strong
over-density of sources on a stream with pole (l=95,b=13), which corresponds to
the pole of the orbit of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. This great-circle
feature of width ~12 degrees, contains 5% of the late M-giants in the Halo. No
other stream-like structures are detected in M-giants in the 2MASS Second
Incremental Data Release (2IDR), and in particular, we find no evidence for a
stellar component to the Magellanic Stream. This suggests that the present
accretion rate of low-mass satellites with a luminous component is very low,
and the formation of the luminous component of the Halo must have been
essentially complete before the accretion of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, more
than 3Gyr ago. We also search for great-circle streams using almost all
high-latitude (|b|>30) sources in the 2IDR dataset. No narrow great-circle
streams of width 0.5-2 degrees were found, though we were only sensitive to
relatively nearby (<17kpc) remnants of massive (10^6 Msun) globular clusters.
If the Galactic potential is close to being spherical, as some recent
observations suggest, the lack of observed great-circle streams is consistent
with the presence of dark matter substructures in the Halo. Although
alternative explanations cannot be ruled out from our analysis of the 2IDR
dataset, future experiments with better statistics have the potential to reveal
the heating effect of dark matter substructure on stellar streams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 275 </DOCNO>
Force-induced denaturation of RNA


  We describe quantitatively a RNA molecule under the influence of an external
force exerted at its two ends as in a typical single-molecule experiment. Our
calculation incorporates the interactions between nucleotides by using the
experimentally-determined free energy rules for RNA secondary structure and
models the polymeric properties of the exterior single-stranded regions
explicitly as elastic freely-jointed chains. We find that in spite of
complicated secondary structures, force-extension curves are typically smooth
in quasi-equilibrium. We identify and characterize two
sequence/structure-dependent mechanisms that, in addition to the
sequence-independent entropic elasticity of the exterior single-stranded
regions, are responsible for the smoothness. These involve compensation between
different structural elements on which the external force acts simultaneously,
and contribution of suboptimal structures, respectively. We estimate how many
features a force-extension curve recorded in non-equilibrium, where the pulling
proceeds faster than rearrangements in the secondary structure of the molecule,
could show in principle. Our software is available to the public through a
`RNA-pulling server'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96410 </DOCNO>
On Konopelchenko's representation for surfaces in 4 dimensions


  The purpose of this short note is to relate a representation formula due to
the Author and P. Romon for Lagrangian surfaces (see math.DG/0009202) to a more
general Weierstrass representation type formula found by Konopelchenko for
surfaces in 4-dimensional space (see math.DG/9807129). Simplifications are
pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179439 </DOCNO>
Unified description of three positive and three negative parity


  The coherent state model (CSM) is extended so that three negative parity
bands are treated on equal footing with three positive parity bands. The six
rotational bands are generated by projecting out angular momenta and parities
from three intrisic orthogonal states which exhibit both quadrupole and
octupole deformations. The projected states are, by construction, mutually
orthogonal. In the space of projected states, a sub-space of a quadrupole and
octupole multi-boson states, an effective quadrupole and octupole boson
Hamiltonian is solved. The eigenstates of the model Hamiltonian are linked by
multipole transition operators for which lowest order boson expressions are
considered. The calculations involve 6 structure coefficients and two
deformation parameters. All of them are fixed by a least square fit of the
known experimental energies. Applications are made to Gd158, Yb172, Ra218,
Ra226, Th232, U238, Pu238. Very good agreement is obtained for both excitation
energies and transition probabilities. New signatures for octupole deformation,
manifested in excited bands, are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149939 </DOCNO>
Stringhe, brane e campi magnetici interni


  Unabridged version of the Thesis presented to the University of Rome ``Tor
Vergata'', in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the ``Laurea'' degree
in Physics, May 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5941 </DOCNO>
Quantum confinement in CdSe nanocrystallites


  Quantum confinement increases the spacing between energy levels as the
nanocrystallite size is decreased. Its qualitative features hold both for
states localized near the center of a nanocrystallite and those near the
surface, such as states due primarily to dangling bonds. However, different
quantitative features are expected because of the different size constraints on
each of these states. Since the majority of atoms in a typical nanocrystallite
are on the surface, contrasting confinement effects between these two types may
prove useful in predicting how surface state dependent properties, such as
optical absorption, change with the size of the nanocrystallite. By applying
first principles pseudopotential methods to indium doped, uncapped CdSe
nanocrystallites containing 17 and 34 atoms, we identify center and surface
localized states. Using the lowest occupied energy state as a reference, the
energy of a state localized near the center is found to increase 24 mRy from
the 34 to 17 atom nanocrystallite. An equivalent surface state within the two
cases studied is not found, but the energy level spacing is speculated to
increase on the order of 100 mRy between the 34 and 17 atom cases based on
states that are highly local to the surface, but not equivalent. Furthermore,
we find it's necessary for the impurity to sit at the center of the
nanocrystallite in order for the impurity states to be electrically active.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123847 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Cooling of Neutron Stars. Medium effects


  This review demonstrates that neutrino emission from dense hadronic component
in neutron stars is subject of strong modifications due to collective effects
in the nuclear matter. With the most important in-medium processes incorporated
in the cooling code an overall agreement with available soft X ray data can be
easily achieved. With these findings so called "standard" and "non-standard"
cooling scenarios are replaced by one general "nuclear medium cooling scenario"
which relates slow and rapid neutron star coolings to the star masses (interior
densities). In-medium effects take important part also at early hot stage of
neutron star evolution decreasing the neutrino opacity for less massive and
increasing for more massive neutron stars. A formalism for calculation of
neutrino radiation from nuclear matter is presented that treats on equal
footing one-nucleon and multiple-nucleon processes as well as reactions with
resonance bosons and condensates. Cooling history of neutron stars with quark
cores is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7002 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Luttinger Liquid Theory in an Aharonov-Bohm Ring


  A careful study on the mesoscopic PC in a Luttinger liquid ring is carried
out.
  It is shown that discreteness plays an important role in calculating the PC
caused by the magnetic flux. At zero temperature, the current is shown to be
independent of the interaction even when $g=g_2-g_4$ is not zero. The current
becomes enhanced at finite temperatures comparing to the non-interacting case,
when the parameter g is positive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150070 </DOCNO>
Effective Gravitational Field of Black Holes


  The problem of interpretation of the \hbar^0-order part of radiative
corrections to the effective gravitational field is considered. It is shown
that variations of the Feynman parameter in gauge conditions fixing the general
covariance are equivalent to spacetime diffeomorphisms. This result is proved
for arbitrary gauge conditions at the one-loop order. It implies that the
gravitational radiative corrections of the order \hbar^0 to the spacetime
metric can be physically interpreted in a purely classical manner. As an
example, the effective gravitational field of a black hole is calculated in the
first post-Newtonian approximation, and the secular precession of a test
particle orbit in this field is determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168141 </DOCNO>
Quantum reversibility and a new model of quantum automaton


  This article is an attempt to generalize the classical theory of reversible
computing, principally developed by Bennet [IBM J. Res. Develop., 17(1973)] and
by Fredkin and Toffoli [Internat. J. Theoret. Phys., 21(1982)], to the quantum
case. This is a fundamental step towards the construction of a quantum computer
because a time efficient quantum computation is a reversible physical process.
The paper is organized as follows. The first section reviews the classical
theory of reversible computing. In the second section it is showed that the
designs used in the classical framework to decrease the consumption of space
cannot be generalized to the quantum case; it is also suggested that quantum
computing is generally more demanding of space than classical computing. In the
last section a new model of fully quantum and reversible automaton is proposed.
The computational power of this automaton is at least equal to that of
classical automata. Some conclusion are drawn in the last section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41250 </DOCNO>
Higher Dimensional Operators or Large Extra Dimensions?


  We deform gravity with higher curvature terms in four dimensions and argue
that the non-relativistic limit is of the same form as the non-relativistic
limit of the theories with large extra dimensions. Therefore the experiments
that perform sub-millimeter tests of inverse-square law cannot distinguish the
effects of large extra dimensions from the effects of higher dimensional
operators. In other words instead of detecting the presence of sub-millimeter
dimensions; the experiments could be detecting the existence of massive modes
of gravity with large masses ($\ge 10^{-3}$ eV)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7076 </DOCNO>
Electronic Properties of the Effective Singlet-Triplet Model


  In present work the effective singlet-triplet model for CuO2-layer on the
grounds of multiband p-d model of strongly correlated electrons is obtained.
The resulting Hamiltonian has a form of generalized singlet-triplet t-t'-J
model for p-type superconductors and form of usual t-t'-J model for n-type
superconductors. In the mean field approximation in X-operator representation
we derived equations for Gorkov type Green functions. The symmetry
classification of the superconducting order parameter in case of tetragonal
lattice resulted in d_{x^2-y^2}- and d_{xy}-types of singlet pairing for both
p- and n-type superconductors while s-type singlet pairing don't take place.
Also normal paramagnetic phase of effective singlet-triplet model was
investigated and dispersion over Brillouin zone, density of states and
evolution of Fermi level with doping were obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179267 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of one-neutron halo nuclei from the Coulomb breakup


  We review the current status of obtaining the spectroscopic information on
the one-neutron halo nuclei from the Coulomb breakup reactions. The theory of
these reactions formulated in the framework of the Distorted Wave Born
Approximation, allows the use of the realistic wave functions corresponding to
any orbital angular momentum structure for the core-valence neutron relative
motion in the ground state of the projectile. The energy, angular and parallel
momentum distributions of the projectile fragments calculated within this
theory are selective about the ground state wave function of the projectile.
Therefore, firm conclusions can be drawn about the structure of the projectile
ground state by comparing the calculations with the corresponding data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74189 </DOCNO>
Thermal Gauge Field Theories


  The real- and imaginary-time-formalisms of thermal field theory and their
extension to gauge theories is reviewed. Questions of gauge (in-)dependence are
discussed in detail, in particular the possible gauge dependences of the
singularities of dressed propagators from which the quasiparticle spectrum is
obtained. The existing results on next-to-leading order corrections to
non-Abelian screening and dispersion laws of hard-thermal-loop quasiparticles
are surveyed. Finally, the role of the asymptotic thermal masses in
self-consistent approximations to thermodynamic potentials is described and it
is shown how the problem of the apparently poor convergence of thermal
perturbation theory might be overcome.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81368 </DOCNO>
SU(2) Running Coupling Constant and Confinement in Minimal Coulomb and


  We present a numerical study of the space-space and time-time components of
the gluon propagator at equal time in the minimal Coulomb gauge, and of the
gluon and ghost propagators in the minimal Landau gauge. This work allows a
non-perturbative evaluation of the running coupling constant and a numerical
check of Gribov's confinement scenarios for these two gauges. Our simulations
are done in pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory at $\beta = 2.2$. We consider
several lattice volumes in order to control finite-volume effects and
extrapolate our results to infinite lattice volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149641 </DOCNO>
Nonpertubative Effects of Extreme Localization in Noncommutative


  ``Extremely'' localized wavefunctions in noncommutative geometry have
disturbances that are localized to distances smaller than $\sqrt{\theta}$,
where $\theta$ is the ``area'' parameter that measures noncommutativity. In
particular, distributions such as the sign function or the Dirac delta function
are limiting cases of extremely localized wavefunctions. It is shown that Moyal
star products of extremely localized wavefunctions cannot be correctly computed
perturbatively in powers of $\theta$. Nonperturbative effects as a function of
$\theta$ are explicitly displayed through exact computations in several
examples. In particular, for distributions, star products end up being
functions of $\theta ^{-1}$ and have no expansion in positive powers of
$\theta$. This result provides a warning for computations in noncommutative
space that often are performed with perturbative methods. Furthermore, the
result may have interesting applications that could help elucidate the role of
noncommutative geometry in several areas of physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127190 </DOCNO>
Molecular and Ionic shocks in the Supernova Remnant 3C391


  New observations of the supernova remnant 3C391 are in the H2 2.12 micron and
[Fe II] 1.64 micron narrow-band filters at the Palomar 200-inch telescope, and
in the 5-15 micron CVF on ISOCAM. Shocked H2 emission was detected from the
region 3C391:BML, where broad millimeter CO and CS lines had previously been
detected. A new H2 clump was confirmed to have broad CO emission, demonstrating
that the near-infrared H2 images can trace previously undetected molecular
shocks. The [Fe II] emission has a significantly different distribution, being
brightest in the bright radio bar, at the interface between the supernova
remnant and the giant molecular cloud, and following filaments in the radio
shell. The near-infrared [Fe II] and the mid-infrared 12-18 micron filter
images are the first images to reveal the radiative shell of 3C391. The
mid-infrared spectrum is dominated by bright ionic lines and H2 S(2) through
S(7). There are no aromatic hydrocarbons associated with the shocks, nor is
their any mid-infrared continuum, suggesting that macromolecules and very small
grains are destroyed. Comparing 3C391 to the better-studied IC443, both
remnants have molecular- and ionic-dominated regions; for 3C391, the
ionic-dominated region is the interface into the giant molecular cloud, showing
that the main bodies of giant molecular clouds contain significant regions with
densities 100 to 1000/cm^3 and a small filling factor with higher-density. The
molecular shocked region resolves into 16 clumps of H2 emission, with some
fainter diffuse emission but with no associated near-infrared continuum
sources. One of the clumps is coincident with a previously-detected OH 1720 MHz
maser. These clumps are interpreted as a cluster of pre-stellar, dense
molecular cores that are presently being shocked by the supernova blast wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87271 </DOCNO>
Naked Singularities in Spherically Symmetric, Self-Similar Spacetimes


  We show that all known naked singularities in spherically symmetric
self-similar spacetimes arise as a result of singular initial matter
distribution. This is a result of the peculiarity of the coordinate
transformation that takes these spacetimes into a separable form. Therefore,
these examples of naked singularities are of no apparent consequence to
astrophysical observations or theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85879 </DOCNO>
''Homogeneous'' Gravitational Field in General Relativity ?


  The gravitation field of the flat plate was investigated. It have been shown
that there exist the internal solution of Einstein equations sewed together
with external one, which described a ''homogeneous'' gravitational field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72660 </DOCNO>
A Note on Supersymmetric WZW term in Four Dimensions


  We reconsider the supersymmetric Wess-Zumino-Witten (SWZW) term in four
dimensions. It has been known that the manifestly supersymmetric form of the
SWZW term includes derivative terms on auxiliary fields, the highest components
of chiral superfields, and then we cannot eliminate them by their equations of
motion. We discuss a possibility for the elimination of such derivative terms
by adding total derivative terms. Although the most of derivative terms can be
eliminated as in this way, we find that all the derivative terms can be
canceled, if and only if an anomalous term in SWZW term vanishes. As a
byproduct, we find the first example of a higher derivative term free from such
a problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124418 </DOCNO>
The Hard X-ray Luminosity of OB Star Populations: Implications for the


  We present an empirical analysis of the integrated X-ray luminosity arising
from populations of OB stars. In particular, we utilize results from the
All-Sky Monitor on RXTE, along with archival data from previous missions, to
assess the mean integrated output of X-rays in the 2-10 keV band from accreting
early-type binaries within 3 kpc of the Sun. Using a recent OB star census of
the Solar neighborhood, we then calculate the specific X-ray luminosity per O
star from accretion-powered systems. We also assess the contribution to the
total X-ray luminosity of an OB population from associated T Tauri stars,
stellar winds, and supernovae. We repeat this exercise for the major Local
Group galaxies, concluding that the total X-ray luminosity per O star spans a
broad range from 2 to 20e34 erg/s. Contrary to previous results, we do not find
a consistent trend with metallicity; in fact, the specific luminosities for M31
and the SMC are equal, despite having metallicities which differ by an order of
magnitude. In light of these results, we assess the fraction of the observed
2-10 keV emission from starburst galaxies that arises directly from their OB
star populations, concluding that, while binaries can explain most of the hard
X-ray emission in many local starbursts, a significant additional component or
components must be present in some systems. A discussion of the nature of this
additional emission, along with its implications for the contribution of
starbursts to the cosmic X-ray background, concludes our report.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168653 </DOCNO>
Towards a Simulation of Quantum Computers by Classical Systems


  We present a two-dimensional classical stochastic differential equation for a
displacement field of a point particle in two dimensions and show that its
components define real and imaginary parts of a complex field satisfying the
Schroedinger equation of a harmonic oscillator. In this way we derive the
discrete oscillator spectrum from classical dynamics. The model is then
generalized to an arbitrary potential. This opens up the possibility of
efficiently simulating quantum computers with the help of classical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76682 </DOCNO>
The $\phi a_0\gamma$- and $\phi\sigma\gamma$-vertices in light cone QCD


  We study $\phi a_0\gamma$- and $\phi\sigma\gamma$-vertices in the framework
of the light cone QCD sum rules and we estimate the coupling constants g$_{\phi
a_0\gamma}$ and g$_{\phi\sigma\gamma}$ utilizing $\omega\phi$-mixing. We
compare our results with the previous estimations of these coupling constants
in the literature obtained from phenomenological considerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97398 </DOCNO>
Hybrid-Cubic-Rational Semi-Lagrangian Method with the Optimal Mixing


  A semi-Lagrangian method for advection equation with hybrid cubic-rational
interpolation is introduced. In the present method, the spatial profile of
physical quantities is interpolated with a combination of a cubic and a
rational function. For achieving both high accuracy and convexity preserving of
solution, the two functions are mixed in the optimal ratio which is given
theoretically. Accuracy and validity of this method is demonstrated with some
numerical experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74962 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis with Single Right-Handed Neutrino Dominance


  We make an analytic and numerical study of leptogenesis in the framework of
the (Supersymmetric) Standard Model plus the see-saw mechanism with a U(1)
family symmetry and single right-handed neutrino dominance. In presenting our
analytic and numerical results we make a clear distinction between the
theoretically clean asymmetry parameter $\epsilon_1$ and the baryon asymmetry
$Y_B$. In calculating $Y_B$ we propose and use a fit to the solutions to the
Boltzmann equations which gives substantially more reliable results than
parametrisations previously used in the literature. Our results show that there
is a decoupling between the low energy neutrino observables and the
leptogenesis predictions, but that nevertheless leptogenesis is capable of
resolving ambiguities within classes of models which would otherwise lead to
similar neutrino observables. For example we show that models where the
dominant right-handed neutrino is the heaviest are preferred to models where it
is the lightest and study an explicit example of a unified model of this type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4596 </DOCNO>
Scaling Limit and Renormalisation Group in General (Quantum) Many Body


  Using the machinery of smooth scaling and coarse-graining of observables,
developed recently in the context of so-called fluctuation operators
(originally developed by Verbeure et al), we extend this approach to a rigorous
renormalisation group analysis of the critical regime. The approach is
completely general, encompassing classical, quantum, discrete and continuous
systems. Our central theme is the analysis of the famous `scaling hypothesis',
that is, we make a general investigation under what cluster conditions of the
l-point correlation functions a scale invariant (non-trivial) limit theory can
be actually attained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81139 </DOCNO>
Differential decay rate of $B \to \pi l \nu$ semileptonic decay with


  We present a lattice QCD calculation of $B\to \pi l \nu$ semileptonic decay
form factors in the small pion recoil momentum region. The calculation is
performed on a quenched $16^3 \times 48$ lattice at $\beta=5.9$ with the NRQCD
action including the full 1/M terms. The form factors $f_1(v\cdot k_{\pi})$ and
$f_2(v\cdot k_{\pi})$ defined in the heavy quark effective theory for which the
heavy quark scaling is manifest are adpoted, and we find that the 1/M
correction to the scaling is small for the $B$ meson. The dependence of form
factors on the light quark mass and on the recoil energy is found to be mild,
and we use a global fit of the form factors at various quark masses and recoil
energies to obtain model independent results for the physical differential
decay rate. We find that the $B^*$ pole contribution dominates the form factor
$f^+(q^2)$ for small pion recoil energy, and obtain the differential decay rate
integrated over the kinematic region $q^2 >$ 18 GeV$^2$ to be $|V_{ub}|^2
\times (1.18 \pm 0.37 \pm 0.08 \pm 0.31)$ psec$^{-1}$, where the first error is
statistical, the second is that from perturbative calculation, and the third is
the systematic error from finite lattice spacing and the chiral extrapolation.
We also discuss the systematic errors in the soft pion limit for
$f^0(q^2_{max})$ in the present simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74406 </DOCNO>
Transverse momentum fluctuations due to temperature variation in


  The event-by-event p_T-fluctuations due to the temperature variation are
considered. The so-called Phi-measure is computed and shown to be a linear
function of the temperature variance. The fluctuations of temperature naturally
explain the data on Phi(p_T) in proton-proton and central Pb-Pb collisions but
independent measurements of the temperature fluctuations are needed to confirm
the explanation. Feasibility of such an event-by-event measurement is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113977 </DOCNO>
Wave duration/persistence statistics, recording interval, and fractal


  The statistics of sea state duration (persistence) have been found to be
dependent upon the recording interval. Such behavior can be explained as a
consequence of the fact that the graph of a time series of an environmental
parameter such as the significant wave height has an irregular, ``fractal''
geometry. The mean duration can have a power-law dependence on the recording
interval with an exponent equal to the fractal dimension of the level sets of
the time series graph. This recording interval dependence means that the mean
duration is not a well defined quantity to use for marine operational purposes.
A more practical quantity would be the ``useful mean duration'' where each
interval satisfying the appropriate criterion is weighted by its duration, and
thus by approximately the amount of useful work that can be performed during a
calm interval of the same length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125972 </DOCNO>
Memory Effects in Turbulent Dynamo: Generation and Propagation of Large


  We are concerned with large scale magnetic field dynamo generation and
propagation of magnetic fronts in turbulent electrically conducting fluids. An
effective equation for the large scale magnetic field is developed here that
takes into account the finite correlation times of the turbulent flow. This
equation involves the memory integrals corresponding to the dynamo source term
describing the alpha-effect and turbulent transport of magnetic field. We find
that the memory effects can drastically change the dynamo growth rate, in
particular, non-local turbulent transport might increase the growth rate
several times compared to the conventional gradient transport expression.
Moreover, the integral turbulent transport term leads to a large decrease of
the speed of magnetic front propagation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95410 </DOCNO>
R-cyclic families of matrices in free probability


  We introduce the concept of ``R-cyclic family'' of matrices with entries in a
non-commutative probability space; the definition consists in asking that only
the ``cyclic'' non-crossing cumulants of the entries of the matrices are
allowed to be non-zero.
  Let A_{1}, ..., A_{s} be an R-cyclic family of d \times d matrices over a
non-commutative probability space. We prove a convolution-type formula for the
explicit computation of the joint distribution of A_{1}, ..., A_{s} (considered
in M_{d} (\A) with the natural state), in terms of the joint distribution
(considered in the original space) of the entries of the s matrices. Several
important situations of families of matrices with tractable joint distributions
arise by application of this formula.
  Moreover, let A_{1}, ..., A_{s} be a family of d \times d matrices over a
non-commutative probability space, let \D \subset M_{d} (\A) denote the algebra
of scalar diagonal matrices, and let {\cal C} be the subalgebra of M_{d} (\A)
generated by \{A_{1}, ..., A_{s} \} \cup \D. We prove that the R-cyclicity of
A_{1}, ..., A_{s} is equivalent to a property of {\cal C} -- namely that {\cal
C} is free from M_{d} (\C), with amalgamation over \D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114372 </DOCNO>
Integration of a New Knobbox in the PSI Control Systems ACS and EPICS


  Integration of a new Knob-Box in the PSI Control Systems ACS and Epics.
  Operation of the PSI cyclotrons has always relied heavily on manual control.
Tuning of our high intensity beams for minimum losses is an art still depending
on personal skill. An ergonomically good design of the knob box is therefore
essential for good operation. The age of the previous design, and the request,
to implement the ACS knob box in the SLS control system based on EPICS, was an
opportunity for a redesign. The new knob box is an autonomous node in the
system. It is based on industrial pc104 hardware with LINUX as the operating
system. CDEV and ACS-communication provide the interface to the respective
control systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86798 </DOCNO>
Metric structure and dimensionality over a Borel set via uniform spaces


  We introduce a pregeometry that provides a metric and dimensionality over a
Borel set (Wheeler's "bucket of dust") without assuming probability amplitudes
for adjacency. Rather, a non-trivial metric is produced over a Borel set X per
a uniformity base generated via the discrete topological group structures over
X. We show that entourage multiplication in this uniformity base mirrors the
underlying group structure. One may exploit this fact to create an entourage
sequence of maximal length whence a fine metric structure. Unlike the
statistical approaches of graph theory, this method can suggest dimensionality
over low-order sets. An example over Z2 x Z4 produces 3-dimensional polyhedra
embedded in E4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124023 </DOCNO>
Efficient N-body Realisations of axisymmetric Galaxies and Haloes


  We present an efficient method for building equilibrium multi-component
galaxies with non-spherical haloes and bulges. The gist of our approach is to
tailor the velocity ellipsoid directly to the geometry of the mass
distribution. Thus we avoid computing the anisotropic velocity dispersions
which leads to large savings in the cpu budget. The computational time of the
algorithm for triaxial equilibria scales linearly with the number of particles,
N. The approximate solution to the velocity field causes structural relaxation:
tests with N = 50,000 show that fluctuations of the inertia tensor (not
exceeding the 10 per cent level) disappear within one half of a revolution at
the half-mass radius. At later times equilibrium properties settle to values
close to those sought from the initial conditions.
   A disc component is then added as described by Hernquist (1993).
Incorporating the above algorithm to his code BuildGal, test runs show that the
stability of the disc against vertical heating is not substantially modified by
using our method.
   The code, MaGali, is made generally available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128687 </DOCNO>
Identification of the optical and quiescent counterparts to the bright


  After 3 years of quiescence, the globular cluster NGC 6440 exhibited a bright
transient X-ray source turning on in August 2001, as noted with the RXTE
All-Sky Monitor. We carried out a short target of opportunity observation with
the Chandra X-ray Observatory and are able to associate the transient with the
brightest of 24 X-ray sources detected during quiescence in July 2000 with
Chandra. Furthermore, we securely identify the optical counterpart and
determine that the 1998 X-ray outburst in NGC 6440 was from the same object.
This is the first time that an optical counterpart to a transient in a globular
cluster is securely identified. Since the transient is a type I X-ray burster,
it is established that the compact accretor is a neutron star. Thus, this
transient provides an ideal case to study the quiescent emission in the optical
and X-ray of a transiently accreting neutron star while knowing the distance
and reddening accurately. One model that fits the quiescent spectrum is an
absorbed power law plus neutron star hydrogen atmosphere model. We find an
intrinsic neutron star radius of 17_{-12}^{+31} km and an unabsorbed bolometric
luminosity for the neutron star atmosphere of (2.1+/-0.8)E33 erg/s which is
consistent with predictions for a cooling neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149320 </DOCNO>
A Note on Fermion and Gauge Couplings in Field Theory Models for Tachyon


  We study soliton solutions in supersymmetric scalar field theory with a class
of potentials. We study both bosonic and fermionic zero-modes around the
soliton solution. We study two possible couplings of gauge fields to these
models. While the Born-Infeld like coupling has one normalizable mode (the zero
mode), the other kind of coupling has no normalizable modes. We show that
quantum mechanical problem which determines the spectrum of fluctuation modes
of the scalar, fermion and the gauge field is identical. We also show that only
the lowest lying mode, i.e., the zero mode, is normalizable and the rest of the
spectrum is continuous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5162 </DOCNO>
Slow Spin Dynamics in Non-Fermi-Liquid UCu_{5-x}Pd_x, x = 1.0 and 1.5


  Low-temperature muon spin-lattice relaxation measurements in the
non-Fermi-liquid heavy-fermion alloys UCu_{5-x}Pd_x, x = 1.0 and 1.5, indicate
inhomogeneously distributed f-electron spin fluctuation rates, and exhibit a
time-field scaling of the muon relaxation function indicative of long-lived
spin correlations. In UCu_4Pd the scaling exponent \gamma is small and
temperature independent. In UCu_{3.5}Pd_{1.5} \gamma varies with temperature,
increasing with decreasing temperature similar to spin-glass AgMn. This
suggests that the spin-glass state found for x \gtrsim 2 in UCu_{5-x}Pd_x
modifies the low-frequency spin dynamics in UCu_{3.5}Pd_{1.5}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98711 </DOCNO>
Range characterization of the cosine transform on higher Grassmannians


  We characterize the range of the cosine transform on real Grassmannians in
terms of the decomposition under the action of the special orthogonal group
SO(n). Also a geometric interpretation of its image is given. The non-
Archimedean analogues are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 650 </DOCNO>
Key Ingredients for Superconductivity in Cuprates


  Using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission data in conjunction with
that from neutron and other probes, we show that electron-phonon (el-ph)
coupling is strong in cuprates superconductors and it plays an important role
in pairing. In addition to the strong electron correlation, the inclusion of
phonons provides a theoretical framework explaining many important phenomena
that cannot be understood by a strongly correlated electronic model alone.
Especially it is indispensable to explain the difference among materials. The
phonons with the wave number around the (0,qx) and (qx,0) axes create the
d-wave pairing while that near (pi,pi) are pair breaking. Therefore the
half-breathing mode of the oxygen motions helps d-wave superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86633 </DOCNO>
Universe Models with a Variable Cosmological "Constant" and a "Big


  We present a rich class of exact solutions which contains radiation-dominated
and matter-dominated models for the early and late universe. They include a
variable cosmological ``constant'' which is derived from a higher dimension and
manifests itself in spacetime as an energy density for the vacuum. This is in
agreement with observational data and is compatible with extensions of general
relativity to string and membrane theory. Our solutions are also typified by a
non-singular ``big bounce'' (as opposed to a singular big bang), where matter
is created as in inflationary cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86545 </DOCNO>
Assisted inflation in Bianchi VI0 cosmologies


  Exact models for Bianchi VI0 spacetimes with multiple scalar fields with
exponential potentials have been derived and analysed. It has been shown that
these solutions, when they exist, attract neighbouring solutions in the two
cases corresponding to interacting and non-interacting fields. Unlike the
results obtained in a previous work dealing with the late-time inflationary
behaviour of Bianchi VI0 cosmologies, the knowledge of exact solutions has made
possible to study in detail the occurrence of inflation before the asymptotic
regime. As happened in preceding works, here as well inflation is more likely
to happen with a higher number of non-interacting fields or a lower number of
interacting scalar fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3326 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Bose-Einstein condensation with magnetic dipole-dipole


  The ground state solutions of a dilute Bose condensate with contact and
magnetic dipole-dipole interactions are examined. By lowering the value of the
scattering length, Goral et al. [cond-mat/9907308 and Phys. Rev. A {\bf 61},
051601 (2000)] numerically predict a region of unstable solutions, accompanied
by a neighborhood where the ground-state wave functions have internal
structure. On the contrary, we find that the dipolar condensate has an
intuitively-located stability region, and ground-state solutions near the
instability threshold which are absent any unusual structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97760 </DOCNO>
The moduli space of weighted configurations on projective space


  We study certain symplectic quotients of n-fold products of complex
projective m-space by the unitary group acting diagonally. After studying
nonemptiness and smoothness these quotients we construct the action-angle
variables, defined on an open dense subset of an integrable Hamiltonian system.
The semiclassical quantization of this system reproduces formulas from the
representation theory of the unitary group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167993 </DOCNO>
Bell's inequalities I: An explanation for their experimental violation


  Derivations of two Bell's inequalities are given in a form appropriate to the
interpretation of experimental data for explicit determination of all the
correlations. They are arithmetic identities independent of statistical
reasoning and thus cannot be violated by data that meets the conditions for
their validity. Two experimentally performable procedures are described to meet
these conditions. Once such data are acquired, it follows that the measured
correlations cannot all equal a negative cosine of angular differences. The
relation between this finding and the predictions of quantum mechanics is
discussed in a companion paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149079 </DOCNO>
Conformal Higher Spin Symmetries of 4d Massless Supermultiplets and


  Realization of the conformal higher spin symmetry on the 4d massless field
supermultiplets is given. The self-conjugated supermultiplets, including the
linearized ${\cal N}=4$ SYM theory, are considered in some detail. Duality
between non-unitary field-theoretical representations and the unitary
doubleton--type representations of the 4d conformal algebra su(2,2) is
formulated in terms of a Bogolyubov transform. The set of 4d massless fields
of all spins is shown to form a representation of sp(8).
  The obtained results are extended to the generalized superspace invariant
under osp(L, 2M) supersymmetries. World line particle interpretation of the
free higher spin theories in the osp(2\N, 2M) invariant (super)space is
given. Compatible with unitarity free equations of motion in the osp(L,2M)
invariant (super)space are formulated. A conjecture on the chain of
$AdS_{d+1}/CFT_d \to AdS_{d}/CFT_{d-1} \to ...$ dualities in the higher spin
gauge theories is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6270 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Equations for Diffusion in the Presence of Entropic Barriers


  We use the mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics theory to derive the
general kinetic equation of a system in the presence of potential barriers. The
result is applied to the description of the evolution of systems whose dynamics
is influenced by entropic barriers. We analyze in detail the case of diffusion
in a domain of irregular geometry in which the presence of the boundaries
induces an entropy barrier when approaching the exact dynamics by a coarsening
of the description. The corresponding kinetic equation, named Fick-Jacobs
equation, is obtained, and its validity is generalized through the formulation
of a scaling law for the diffusion coefficient which depends on the shape of
the boundaries. The method we propose can be useful to analyze the dynamics of
systems at the nanoscale where the presence of entropy barriers is a common
feature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86178 </DOCNO>
Post-Newtonian Expansion of Gravitational Radiation


  The post-Newtonian expansion appears to be a relevant tool for predicting the
gravitational waveforms generated by some astrophysical systems such as
binaries. In particular, inspiralling compact binaries are well-modelled by a
system of two point-particles moving on a quasi-circular orbit whose decay by
emission of gravitational radiation is described by a post-Newtonian expansion.
In this paper we summarize the basics of the computation by means of a series
of multipole moments of the exterior field generated by an isolated source in
the post-Newtonian approximation. This computation relies on an ansatz of
matching the exterior multipolar field to the inner field of a slowly-moving
source. The formalism can be applied to point-particles at the price of a
further ansatz, that the infinite self-field of point-particles can be
regularized in a certain way. As it turns out, the concept of point-particle
requires a precise definition in high post-Newtonian approximations of general
relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2955 </DOCNO>
Far-infrared study of the insulator-metal transition in


  The temperature-dependent infrared properties of
$\theta$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$RbZn(SCN)$_4$ were investigated. In the temperatures
above the metal-insulator (M-I) transition, the optical conductivity remains
finite in the low energy region, but shows no conventional Drude feature
typical of metals. Below the M-I transition temperature, the low-energy
spectral weight is significantly reduced. An opening of optical gap at about
300 cm$^{-1}$ is observed clearly in the polarization parallel to the
donor-stacking direction. Analysis of both the electronic and vibronic spectra
suggests a redistribution of charges in ET molecules as temperature decreases
across the M-I transition, providing strong support for the charge-ordering
state at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95922 </DOCNO>
A duality between standard simplices and Stasheff polytopes


  We show that the family of chain modules over the standard simplices can be
equipped with an operad structure. Similarly, the family of cochain modules of
the Stasheff polytopes can be equipped with an operad structure. We first show
that these operads are Koszul dual to each other, and second that they are both
Koszul operads.
  The algebras over the standard simplices operad, called associative
trialgebras, are defined by 3 operations and 11 relations. The algebras over
the Stasheff polytopes operad, called dendriform trialgebras, are defined by 3
operations and 7 relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1993 </DOCNO>
Bernoulli potential at a superconductor surface


  The electrostatic Bernoulli potential measured at the surface of a
superconductor via Kelvin capacitive coupling is shown to be independent of the
pairing mechanism. This contrasts with the Bernoulli potential in the bulk
where contributions due to pairing dominate close to $T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 67 </DOCNO>
Diffusion and the Mesoscopic Hydrodynamics of Supercooled Liquids


  The description of molecular motion by macroscopic hydrodynamics has a long
and continuing history. The Stokes-Einstein relation between the diffusion
coefficient of a solute and the solvent viscosity predicted using macroscopic
continuum hydrodynamics, is well satisfied for liquids under ordinary to high
temperature conditions, even for solutes as small as the solvent. Diffusion in
supercooled liquids near their glass transition temperature has been found to
deviate by as much as 3 orders of magnitude from that predicted by the
Stokes-Einstein Relation [1]. Based on the random first order transition theory
[2-4], supercooled liquids possess a mosaic structure. The size- and
temperature-dependence of the transport anomalies are quantitatively explained
with an effective medium hydrodynamics model based on the microscopic theory of
this mesoscale, mosaic structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86434 </DOCNO>
Quantum cosmological perfect fluid models


  Perfect fluid Friedmann-Robertson-Walker quantum cosmological models for an
arbitrary barotropic equation of state $p = \alpha\rho$ are constructed using
Schutz's variational formalism. In this approach the notion of time can be
recovered. By superposition of stationary states, finite-norm wave-packet
solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation are found. The behaviour of the scale
factor is studied by applying the many-worlds and the ontological
interpretations of quantum mechanics. Singularity-free models are obtained for
$\alpha < 1$. Accelerated expansion at present requires $- 1/3 > \alpha > - 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179129 </DOCNO>
Production of $\omega$ and $\phi$ Mesons in Near-Threshold $\pi N$


  Results of a combined analysis are presented for the production of $\omega$
and $\phi$ mesons in $\pi N$ reactions in the near-threshold region using
throughoutly a conventional ''non-strange'' dynamics based on such processes
which are allowed by the non-ideal $\omega-\phi$ mixing. We show that strong
interferences of the $t$ (meson exchange) and $s$ and $u$ (nucleon and nucleon
resonance) channels differ significantly in $\omega$ and $\phi$ production
amplitudes. This leads to a decrease of the relative yields in comparison with
expectations based on one-channel models with standard $\omega - \phi$ mixing.
We find a strong and non-trivial difference between observables in $\omega$ and
$\phi$ production reactions caused by the different role of the nucleon and
nucleon resonance amplitudes. A series of predictions for the experimental
study of this effect is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128856 </DOCNO>
Faint Source Counts from Off-source Fluctuation Analysis on Chandra


  We report the results of fluctuation analysis of the off-source field from
the 1 Million second Chandra observation of the Hubble Deep Field-North
(HDF-N). The distribution of the counts in cells has been compared with the
expectations from the Log N - Log S model to constrain the behavior of the
source number density down to a factor of several lower than the
source-detection limit. Our results show that the number counts in the soft
band (0.5-2 [keV]) continue to grow down to Sx = 7e-18 [erg s^{-1} cm^{-2}],
possibly suggesting the emergence of a new population and agree well with a
prediction of star forming galaxies by Ptak et al. (2001). For the hard band
(2-10 keV), the fluctuation analysis can loosely constrain the source counts
fainter than the detection limit and we found an upper limit of 10000 [srcs
deg^{-2}] at Sx=2e-16 [erg s^{-1}cm^{-2}].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148316 </DOCNO>
Mode Interactions of the Tachyon Condensate in p-adic String Theory


  We study the fluctuation modes for lump solutions of the tachyon effective
potential in p-adic open string theory. We find a discrete spectrum with
equally spaced mass squared levels. We also find that the interactions derived
from this field theory are consistent with p-adic string amplitudes for excited
string states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72576 </DOCNO>
Theory of eps'/eps


  I shortly review the present status of the theoretical estimates of eps'/eps.
I consider a few aspects of the theoretical calculations which may be relevant
in understanding the present experimental results. I discuss the role of higher
order chiral corrections and in general of non-factorizable contributions for
the explanation of the Delta I = 1/2 selection rule in kaon decays and
eps'/eps. Lacking reliable lattice calculations, the 1/N expansion and
phenomenological approaches may help in understanding correlations among
theoretical effects and the experimental data. The same dynamics which
underlies the CP conserving selection rule appears to drive eps'/eps in the
range of the recent experimental measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98037 </DOCNO>
ADHM/Nahm Construction of Localized Solitons in Noncommutative Gauge


  We study the relationship between ADHM/Nahm construction and ``solution
generating technique'' of BPS solitons in noncommutative gauge theories.
ADHM/Nahm construction and ``solution generating technique'' are the most
strong ways to construct exact BPS solitons. Localized solitons are the
solitons which are generated by the ``solution generating technique.'' The
shift operators which play crucial roles in ``solution generating technique''
naturally appear in ADHM/Nahm construction and we can construct various exact
localized solitons including new solitons: localized periodic instantons
(=localized calorons) and localized doubly-periodic instantons. Nahm
construction also gives rise to BPS fluxons straightforwardly from the
appropriate input Nahm data which is expected from the D-brane picture of BPS
fluxons. We also show that the Fourier-transformed soliton of the localized
caloron in the zero-period limit exactly coincides with the BPS fluxon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40716 </DOCNO>
Physics at BABAR


  The BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric e+e- collider has first
started collecting data in May 1999. A study of time-dependent CP-violating
asymmetries in B0 --> J/psi K0S and B0 --> psi(2S) K0S decays has been
performed on a data sample of 9.0fb-1 taken at the Y(4S) resonance and 0.8fb-1
off-resonance, collected through July 2000. The preliminary result sin2beta =
0.12+/-0.37 (stat) +/- 0.09 (syst) is presented here, together with preliminary
results on neutral and charged B meson lifetimes and B0B0bar mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73155 </DOCNO>
Charginos and Neutralinos Production at 3-3-1 Supersymmetric Model in


  The goal of this article is to derive the Feynman rules involving charginos,
neutralinos, double charged gauge bosons and sleptons in a 3-3-1 supersymmetric
model. Using these Feynman rules we will calculate the production of a double
charged chargino with a neutralino and also the production of a pair of single
charged charginos, both in an electron- electron $e^-e^-$ process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7009 </DOCNO>
Vortex-vortex interaction in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates


  The vortex-vortex interaction in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates is
shown to present characteristic effects not possible in single-component
condensates. In particular, vortices in different components undergo separate,
but concentric, orbits for both same and opposite circulation. In addition,
contrary to the well-known behavior in single-component condensates, vortices
with the same circulation created in the less dense component merge in the
presence of dissipation, allowing for the creation of metastable vortices with
more than one quantum of circulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75608 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Charmonium Physics


  I review possible resolution of the $J/\psi (\psi^{\prime}) \to \rho-\pi$
puzzle based on two inputs: the relative phase between the one- photon and the
gluonic decay amplitudes, and a possible hadronic excess in the inclusive
nonelectromagnetic decay rate of $\psi^{\prime}$. The status of a universal
large phase here is examined for its meaning and implications (including those
for B-physics). Since the future of tau/charm facility(s) are again under
consideration together with a future anti-proton facility at GSI, I propose to
extend my review to include a broader discussion of charmonium physics.
Outstanding questions like the status of the $^{1}P_{1}$ state of charmonium,
measuring $D^{0}-\bar D^{0}$ mixing and relative strong phases, status of
molecular P(S) - wave charmonia will also be discussed amongst others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128049 </DOCNO>
Wide Field Imaging of the Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy


  We present wide field multiband photometry of the very low surface brightness
dwarf Spheroidal galaxy (dSph) Sextans. We have found convincing evidence for
the presence of multiple stellar populations in this galaxy. In particular we
discovered: (a) a Blue Horizontal Branch tail kinked over the instability
strip; (b) a clearly bimodal distribution in color of the Red Giant Branch
(RGB) stars and (c) a double RGB-bump. All these features suggest that (at
least) two components are present in the old stellar population that dominates
the galaxy: a main one with [Fe/H]~-1.8 and a minor component around
[Fe/H]~-2.5. Similar evidence has been recently found by Majewski et al. (1999)
for the Sculptor dwarf Spheroidal, suggesting that multiple star formation
episodes are common also in the most nearby dSphs that ceased their star
formation activity at very early epochs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4490 </DOCNO>
Operator Projection Theory for Electron Differentiation in Underdoped


  Metals approaching the Mott insulator generate a new hierarchy in the
electronic structure accompanied by a momentum dependent electron
differentiation, beyond the Mott-Hubbard, Brinkman-Rice and Slater pictures of
the Mott transition. To consider such nonlinear phenomenon, we develop an
analytic nonperturbative theory based on operator projections combined with a
self-consistent treatment of the low-energy excitations. This reproduces the
formation of the Hubbard bands, Mott gap, spin fluctuations, mass divergence,
diverging charge compressibility, and strongly renormalized flat and damped
dispersion similar to angle-resolved photoemission data in high-T_c cuprates.
Main structures in electronic spectra show a remarkable similarity to numerical
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1002 </DOCNO>
Strong coupling theory for tunneling and vibrational relaxation in


  A study of the dynamics of a tunneling particle in a driven bistable
potential which is moderately-to-strongly coupled to a bath is presented. Upon
restricting the system dynamics to the Hilbert space spanned by the M lowest
energy eigenstates of the bare static potential, a set of coupled non-Markovian
master equations for the diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix,
within the discrete variale representation, is derived. The resulting dynamics
is in good agreement with predictions of ab-initio real-time path integral
simulations. Numerous results, analytical as well as numerical, for the quantum
relaxation rate and for the asymptotic populations are presented. Our method is
particularly convenient to investigate the case of shallow, time-dependent
potential barriers and moderate-to-strong damping, where both a semi-classical
and a Redfield-type approach are inappropriate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74791 </DOCNO>
Hadronic scattering amplitudes: medium-energy constraints on asymptotic


  We consider several classes of analytic parametrisations of hadronic
scattering amplitudes, and compare their predictions to all available forward
data (p p, pbar p, pi p, K p, gamma p, gamma gamma, Sigma p). Although these
parametrisations are very close for sqrt(s) > 9 GeV, it turns out that they
differ markedly at low energy, where a universal pomeron term ~log^2(s) enables
one to extend the fit down to sqrt(s)=4 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76645 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Searching for Excited Leptons during RunII of the Fermilab


  This letter presents a study of prospects of searching for excited leptons
during RunII of the Fermilab Tevatron. We concentrate on single and pair
production of excited electrons in the photonic decay channel in one CDF/DO
detector equivalent for 2 fb^{-1}. By the end of RunIIa, the limits should be
easily extended beyond those set by LEP and HERA for excited leptons with mass
above about 190 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128181 </DOCNO>
Periodicities in ASCA X-ray observations of Non-Magnetic Cataclysmic


  We have carried out a thorough analysis of non-magnetic cataclysmic variables
observed with ASCA, and have discovered possible periods in three targets: WW
Cet, EI UMa and IX Vel. These may be caused by the rotation of the white dwarf
at the centre of the disk, or by the progression of a density wave in the inner
accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86335 </DOCNO>
Black holes in three-dimensional Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton theory


  The three-dimensional static and circularly symmetric solution of the
Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton system is derived. The solutions corresponding to
low energy string theory are investigated in detail, which include black hole
solutions if the cosmological constant is negative and the mass parameter
exceeds a certain critical value. Some differences between the Born-Infeld
nonlinear electrodynamics and the Maxwell electrodynamics are revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2892 </DOCNO>
Probing Spin-Charge Separation in Tunnel-Coupled Parallel Quantum Wires


  Interactions in one-dimensional (1D) electron systems are expected to cause a
dynamical separation of electronic spin and charge degrees of freedom. A
promising system for experimental observation of this non-Fermi-liquid effect
consists of two quantum wires coupled via tunneling through an extended uniform
barrier. Here we consider the minimal model of an interacting 1D electron
system exhibiting spin-charge separation and calculate the differential
tunneling conductance as well as the density-density response function. Both
quantities exhibit distinct strong features arising from spin-charge
separation. Our analysis of these features within the minimal model neglects
interactions between electrons of opposite chirality and applies therefore
directly to chiral 1D electron systems realized, e.g., at the edge of integer
quantum-Hall systems. Physical insight gained from our results is useful for
interpreting current experiment in quantum wires as our main conclusions still
apply with nonchiral interactions present. In particular, we discuss the effect
of charging due to applied voltages, and the possibility to observe spin-charge
separation in a time-resolved experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74535 </DOCNO>
Measuring transversity with T-odd single particle production


  The transversity distribution can be measured at leading-twist in
single-particle inclusive DIS, where it appears in connection with chiral-odd
fragmentation functions. Among these functions, we focus on the time-reversal
odd ones. They occur in fragmentation to unpolarized hadrons or polarized
spin-one hadrons. Using a simple model, we show how these functions can be
non-vanishing and we discuss the asymmetries where they can be measured
together with the transversity distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7533 </DOCNO>
Hidden dimers and the matrix maps: Fibonacci chains re-visited


  The existence of cycles of the matrix maps in Fibonacci class of lattices is
well established. We show that such cycles are intimately connected with the
presence of interesting positional correlations among the constituent `atoms'
in a one dimensional quasiperiodic lattice. We particularly address the
transfer model of the classic golden mean Fibonacci chain where a six cycle of
the full matrix map exists at the centre of the spectrum [Kohmoto et al, Phys.
Rev. B 35, 1020 (1987)], and for which no simple physical picture has so far
been provided, to the best of our knowledge. In addition, we show that our
prescription leads to a determination of other energy values for a mixed model
of the Fibonacci chain, for which the full matrix map may have similar cyclic
behaviour. Apart from the standard transfer-model of a golden mean Fibonacci
chain, we address a variant of it and the silver mean lattice, where the
existence of four cycles of the matrix map is already known to exist. The
underlying positional correlations for all such cases are discussed in details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3205 </DOCNO>
Localization of a random heteropolymer onto a surface


  We study the localization of a random heteropolymer onto an homogeneous
surface, the problem which is equivalent to the wetting of an interface at
disordered substrate in two dimensions, via replica trick by using the Green's
function technique. The exact treatment of one- and two-replica binding states
is used to compute the free energy of the random heteropolymer. We present
analytical results for two particular cases: {\it (i)} nearly statistically
symmetric copolymer in the vicinity of the threshold of the annealed problem,
and {\it (ii)} the asymmetric polymer with the interaction part of the annealed
Hamiltonian being nearly zero. In both cases the localization is due to
two-replica binding states. In the case {\it (i)} the two-replica binding state
exists both above and below of the one-replica binding state. In the case {\it
(ii)} the energy of the two-replica binding state at the transition is finite.
A schematic phase diagram of the localization-delocalization transition of the
random heteropolymer is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74436 </DOCNO>
Resonant Amplification of Electroweak Baryogenesis at Preheating


  We explore viable scenarios for parametric resonant amplification of
electroweak (EW) gauge fields and Chern-Simons number during preheating,
leading to baryogenesis at the electroweak (EW) scale. In this class of
scenarios time-dependent classical EW gauge fields, essentially
spatially-homogeneous on the horizon scales, carry Chern-Simons number which
can be amplified by parametric resonance up to magnitudes at which unsuppressed
topological transitions in the Higgs sector become possible. Baryon number
non-conservation associated with the gauge sector and the highly
non-equilibrium nature of preheating allow for efficient baryogenesis. The
requisite large CP violation can arise either from the time dependence of a
slowly varying Higgs field (spontaneous baryogenesis), or from a resonant
amplification of CP violation induced in the gauge sector through loops. We
identify several CP violating operators in the Standard Model and its minimal
extensions that can facilitate efficient baryogenesis at preheating, and show
how to overcome would-be exponential suppression of baryogenesis associated
with tunneling barriers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148240 </DOCNO>
Generalized WDVV equations for B_r and C_r pure N=2 Super-Yang-Mills


  A proof that the prepotential for pure N=2 Super-Yang-Mills theory associated
with Lie algebras B_r and C_r satisfies the generalized WDVV
(Witten-Dijkgraaf-Verlinde-Verlinde) system was given by Marshakov, Mironov and
Morozov. Among other things, they use an associative algebra of holomorphic
differentials. Later Ito and Yang used a different approach to try to
accomplish the same result, but they encountered objects of which it is unclear
whether they form structure constants of an associative algebra. We show by
explicit calculation that these objects are none other than the structure
constants of the algebra of holomorphic differentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148430 </DOCNO>
Bihamiltonity as origin of T-duality of the closed string model


  In assumption,that string model is the integrable model for particular kind
of the background fields, the closed string model in the background gravity
field and the antisymmetric B-field is considered as the bihamiltonian system.
It is shown, that bihamiltonity is origin of T-duality of the string models.
The new Poisson brackets, depending of the background fields and of their
derivatives, are obtained. The integrability condition is obtained as the
compactability of the bihamoltonity condition and the Jacobi identity of the
new Poisson bracket. The B-chiral string model is dual to the chiral string
model for the constant background fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125889 </DOCNO>
Signatures of Hierarchical Clustering in Dark Matter Detection


  In the cold dark matter model of structure formation, galaxies are assembled
hierarchically from mergers and the accretion of subclumps. This process is
expected to leave residual substructure in the Galactic dark halo, including
partially disrupted clumps and their associated tidal debris. We develop a
model for such halo substructure and study its implications for dark matter
(WIMP and axion) detection experiments. We combine the Press-Schechter model
for the distribution of halo subclump masses with N-body simulations of the
evolution and disruption of individual clumps as they orbit through the
evolving Galaxy to derive the probability that the Earth is passing through a
subclump or stream of a given density. Our results suggest that it is likely
that the local complement of dark matter particles includes a 1-5% contribution
from a single clump. The implications for dark matter detection experiments are
significant, since the disrupted clump is composed of a `cold' flow of
high-velocity particles. We describe the distinctive features due to halo
clumps that would be seen in the energy and angular spectra of detection
experiments. The annual modulation of these features would have a different
signature and phase from that for a smooth halo and, in principle, would allow
one to discern the direction of motion of the clump relative to the Galactic
center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98240 </DOCNO>
On the Unification of Gravitational and Electromagnetic Fields


  In the paper [4] is presented a theory which unifies the gravitation theory
and the mechanical effects, which is different from the Riemannian theories
like GTR. Moreover it is built in the style of the electomagnetic field theory.
This paper is a continuation of [4] such that the complex variant of that
theory yields to the required unification of gravitation and electromagnetism.
While the gravitational field is described by a scalar potential $\mu $, taking
a complex value of $\mu $ we obtain the unification theory. For example the
electric field appears to be imaginary 3-vector field of acceleration, the
magnetic field appears to be imaginary 3-vector of angular velocity and the
imaginary part of a complex mass is just electric charge of the particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124883 </DOCNO>
The X-ray spectra of optically selected Seyfert 2 galaxies. Are there


  We present an X-ray spectral analysis of a sample of 8 bona-fide Seyfert 2
galaxies, selected on the basis of their high $[OIII]\lambda5007$ flux, from
the Ho et al. (1997) spectroscopic sample of nearby galaxies. We find that, in
general, the X-ray spectra of our Seyfert 2 galaxies are complex, with some our
objects having spectra different from the 'typical' spectrum of X-ray selected
Seyfert 2 galaxies. Two (NGC3147 and NGC4698) show no evidence for intrinsic
absorption. We suggest this is due to the fact that when the torus suppresses
the intrinsic medium and hard energy flux, underlying emission from the host
galaxy, originating in circumnuclear starbursts, and scattering from warm
absorbers contributes in these energy bands more significantly. Our asca data
alone cannot discriminate whether low absorption objects are Compton-thick AGN
with a strong scattered component or lack an obscuring torus. The most striking
example of our low absorption Seyfert 2 is NGC4698. Its spectrum could be
explained by either a dusty warm absorber or a lack of broad line clouds so
that its appearance as a Seyfert 2 is intrinsic and not due to absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1398 </DOCNO>
$^{11}B$ NMR and Relaxation in $MgB_2$ Superconductor


  $^{11}B$ NMR and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (NSLR) are reported at
7.2 Tesla and 1.4 Tesla in powder samples of the intermetallic compound $MgB_2$
with superconducting transition temperature in zero field $T_c$ = 39.2 K. From
the first order quadrupole perturbed NMR specrum a quadrupole coupling
frequency of 835 $\pm$ 5 kHz is obtained. The Knight shift is very small and it
decreases to zero in the superconducting phase. The NSLR follows a linear law
with $T_1T$ = 165 $\pm$ 10 (sec K) . The results in the normal phase indicate a
negligible $s$-character of the wave function of the conduction electrons at
the Fermi level. Below $T_c$ the NSLR is strongly field dependent indicating
the presence of an important contribution related to the density and the
thermal motion of flux lines. No coherence peak is observed at the lower field
investigated (1.4 T).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81033 </DOCNO>
Infinite Volume and Continuum Limits of the Landau-Gauge Gluon


  We extend a previous improved action study of the Landau gauge gluon
propagator, by using a variety of lattices with spacings from $a = 0.17$ to
0.41 fm, to more fully explore finite volume and discretization effects. We
also extend a previously used technique for minimizing lattice artifacts, the
appropriate choice of momentum variable or ``kinematic correction'', by
considering it more generally as a ``tree-level correction''. We demonstrate
that by using tree-level correction, determined by the tree-level behavior of
the action being considered, it is possible to obtain scaling behavior over a
very wide range of momenta and lattice spacings. This makes it possible to
explore the infinite volume and continuum limits of the Landau-gauge gluon
propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126687 </DOCNO>
Globular Cluster Population of Hickson Compact Group 22a and 90c


  We present the first measurement of the globular cluster populations of
galaxies in Hickson compact groups, in order to investigate the effect of these
high density environments on the formation and evolution of globular cluster
systems. Based on V and R band images that we obtained of HCG 22a and HCG 90c
with the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT), we find a total globular cluster
population of $1590\pm 854$ for HCG 22a and $2136\pm 718$ for 90c. The specific
frequency for HCG 22a was found to be $S_{N}=1.9\pm 1.0$ and $S_{N}= 3.4\pm
1.1$ for HCG 90c. A power-law fit to the globular cluster radial profile of HCG
22a yields $\sigma\sim R^{-2.01\pm 0.30}$ and for HCG 90c we found $\sigma \sim
R^{-1.20\pm0.16}$. A comparison of the globular cluster radial profiles with
the surface brightness of the parent galaxy shows that the globular cluster
systems are at least as extended as the halo light. The measured values for the
specific frequency are consistent with a scenario in which the host galaxies
were in a low density ``field-like'' environment when they formed their
globular cluster systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6305 </DOCNO>
Glassy states in a shaken sandbox


  Our model of shaken sand, presented in earlier work, has been extended to
include a more realistic `glassy' state, i.e., when the sandbox is shaken at
very low intensities of vibration. We revisit some of our earlier results, and
compare them with our new results on the revised model. Our analysis of the
glassy dynamics in our model shows that a variety of ground states is obtained;
these fall in two categories, which we argue are representative of regular and
irregular packings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74460 </DOCNO>
Approximate solutions for the skyrmion


  We reconsider the Euler-Lagrange equation for the Skyrme model in the
hedgehog ansatz and study the analytical properties of the solitonic solution.
In view of the lack of a closed form solution to the problem, we work on
approximate analytical solutions. We show that Pade approximants are well
suited to continue analytically the asymptotic representation obtained in terms
of a power series expansion near the origin, obtaining explicit approximate
solutions for the Skyrme equations. We improve the approximations by applying
the 2-point Pade approximant procedure whereby the exact behaviour at spatial
infinity is incorporated. An even better convergence to the exact solution is
obtained by introducing a modified form for the approximants. The new
representations share the same analytical properties with the exact solution at
both small and large values of the radial variable r.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149422 </DOCNO>
Second order quantum corrections to the classical reflection factor of


  The sinh-Gordon model on a half-line with integrable boundary conditions is
considered in low order perturbation theory developed in affine Toda field
theory. The quantum corrections to the classical reflection factor of the model
are studied up to the second order in the difference of the two boundary
parameters and to one loop order in the bulk coupling. It is noticed that the
general form of the second order quantum corrections are consistent with
Ghoshal's formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126634 </DOCNO>
Energetics of Tev Blazars and Physical Constraints on their Emission


  Using multi-frequency spectra from TeV blazars in quiescent states, we obtain
the physical parameters of the emission region of blazars within the framework
of the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. We numerically calculate
the steady-state energy spectra of electrons by self-consistently taking into
account the effects of radiative cooling with a proper account of the
Klein-Nishina effects. Here electrons are assumed to be injected with a
power-law spectrum and to escape on a finite time scale, which naturally leads
to the existence of a break energy scale. Although we do not use time
variabilities but utilize a model of electron escape to constrain the size of
the emission region, the resultant size turns out to be similar to that
obtained based on time variabilities. Through detailed comparison of the
predicted emission spectra with observations, we find that for Mrk 421, Mrk
501, and PKS 2155--304, the energy density of relativistic electrons is about
an order of magnitude larger than that of magnetic fields with an uncertainty
within a factor of a few.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76516 </DOCNO>
Moduli effective action in warped brane world compactifications


  We consider a class of 5-D brane-world solutions with a power-law warp factor
$a(y)\propto y^{q}$, and bulk dilaton with profile $\phi \propto \ln y$, where
$y$ is the proper distance in the extra dimension. This includes the Heterotic
M-theory brane-world of Refs. [ovrut,ekpy] and the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model
as a limiting case. In general, there are two moduli fields $y_{\pm}$,
corresponding to the "positions" of two branes which live at the fixed points
of an orbifold compactification. Classically, the moduli are massless, due to a
scaling symmetry of the action. However, in the absence of supersymmetry, they
develop an effective potential at one loop. Local terms proportional to
$K_i^4$, where $K_i=q/y_i$ ($i=\pm$) is the local curvature scale at the
location of the corresponding brane, are needed in order to remove the
divergences in the effective potential. Such terms break the scaling symmetry
and therefore act as stabilizers for the moduli. When the branes are very close
to each other, the effective potential induced by massless bulk fields behaves
like $V\sim d^{-4}$, where d is the separation between branes. When the branes
are widely separated, the potentials for each one of the moduli generically
develop a "Coleman-Weinberg"-type behaviour of the form $a^4(y_i)K_i^4
\ln(K_i/\mu_i)$, where $\mu_i$ are renormalization scales. For generic warp
factor, these terms (combined with a lower dimensional operator proportional to
$a^4(y_i) K_i$, which is already present at tree level), provide a simple
mechanism for the stabilization of moduli. Moreover, for $q\gtrsim 10$, the
observed hierarchy can be naturally generated by this potential, giving the
lightest modulus a mass of order $m_- \lesssim TeV$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96934 </DOCNO>
Multi-scale homogenization with bounded ratios and Anomalous Slow


  We show that the effective diffusivity matrix $D(V^n)$ for the heat operator
$\partial_t-(\Delta/2-\nabla V^n \nabla)$ in a periodic potential
$V^n=\sum_{k=0}^n U_k(x/R_k)$ obtained as a superposition of Holder-continuous
periodic potentials $U_k$ (of period $\T^d:=\R^d/\Z^d$, $d\in \N^*$,
$U_k(0)=0$) decays exponentially fast with the number of scales when the
scale-ratios $R_{k+1}/R_k$ are bounded above and below. From this we deduce the
anomalous slow behavior for a Brownian Motion in a potential obtained as a
superposition of an infinite number of scales: $dy_t=d\omega_t -\nabla
V^\infty(y_t) dt$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96891 </DOCNO>
Les algebres de Hopf des arbres enracines decores


  In \cite{Kreimer1,Connes,Broadhurst,Kreimer2}, a commutative, non
cocommutative Hopf algebra H_R of (decorated) rooted trees was introduced. It
is related to the Hopf algebra H_CM introduced in \cite{Moscovici}. Its dual
Hopf algebra is the enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra of rooted trees L^1.
  In this paper, we introduce a non commutative, non cocommutative Hopf algebra
H_PR of decorated planar rooted trees. We first show that H_PR is self dual. We
then use this result to construct a non degenerate bilinear form (,) on H_PR,
which respects the Hopf algebra structure of H_PR. Moreover, we give a
combinatorial expression for the bilinear form (,). This allows us to give a
direct formula for a basis of the primitive elements of H_PR.
  In the next sections, we show that H_PR is isomorphic to the Hopf algebra of
planar binary trees introduced in \cite{Frabetti, Brouder}, and construct a
subalgebra of formal non commutative diffeomorphisms. We then classify the Hopf
algebra endomorphisms and coalgebra endomorphisms of H_PR.
  In the last sections, we give results about tensorial coalgebras and apply
them to H_PR and H_R. We show how to construct the primitive elements of H_R
from the primitive elements of H_PR and finally prove that L^1 is a free Lie
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7032 </DOCNO>
On the Statistical Properties of Localized Solutions of


  We consider the normalized axisymmetric solutions of Klein-Fock-Gordon
equation with energy spectrum that lies below usual rest energy $mc^{2}$. It is
shown that the gas of hypothetical particles, described by such solutions,
would possess uncommon thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics, in
particular, an anomalously high temperature of Bose-Einstein condensations as
well as - in the case of charged particles - a conductivity, much exceeding
that of conventional plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124573 </DOCNO>
Clustering in Deep (Submillimeter) Surveys


  Hughes & Gaztanaga (2001, see article in these proceedings) have presented
realistic simulations to address key issues confronting existing and
forthcoming submm surveys. An important aspect illustrated by the simulations
is the effect induced on the counts by the sampling variance of the large-scale
galaxy clustering. We find factors of up to 2-4 variation (from the mean) in
the extracted counts from deep surveys identical in area (6 sqr arcmin) to the
SCUBA surveys of the Hubble Deep Fields (HDF). Here we present a recipe to
model the expected degree of clustering as a function of sample area and
redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73015 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of the Next-to-Leading Order Corrections to the


  We present a general method for obtaining the quantum chromodynamical
radiative corrections to the higher-twist (power-suppressed) contributions to
inclusive deep-inelastic scattering in terms of light-cone correlation
functions of the fundamental fields of quantum chromodynamics. Using this
procedure, we calculate the previously unknown ${\cal O}(\alpha_s)$ corrections
to the twist-three part of the spin scaling function $g_T(x_B,Q^2)
(=g_1(x_B,Q^2)+g_2(x_B,Q^2))$ and the corresponding forward Compton amplitude
$S_T(\nu,Q^2)$. Expanding our result about the unphysical point $x_B=\infty$,
we arrive at an operator product expansion of the nonlocal product of two
electromagnetic current operators involving twist-two and -three operators
valid to ${\cal O}(\alpha_s)$ for forward matrix elements. We find that the
Wandzura-Wilczek relation between $g_1(x_B,Q^2)$ and the twist-two part of
$g_T(x_B,Q^2)$ is respected in both the singlet and non-singlet sectors at this
order, and argue its validity to all orders. The large-$N_c$ limit does not
appreciably simplify the twist-three Wilson coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73569 </DOCNO>
RHIC and diffraction in pp Spin-flip


  We argue that diffraction (Pomeron) contribution is present in the pp
spin-flip amplitude. RHIC polarization will be able to prove (or disprove) this
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129167 </DOCNO>
Photometric Observations of Omega Centauri: Multi-Wavelength


  We present multi-wavelength observations of the northern population of Omega
Cen from the main-sequence turn-off to high on the red giant branch. We show
that the best information about the metallicity and age of the stars can be
gained from combining vby, B-I and V-I colors (in the absence of spectroscopy).
We confirm our results for the main-sequence turn-off stars: there is at least
a
 3 Gyr age spread. We use proper motion studies to confirm cluster membership
at and above the level of the horizontal branch, and we show that the age
spread is maintained amongst stars from the subgiant branch through the red
giants. The available evidence suggests that Omega Cen is the core of a
disrupted dwarf galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123421 </DOCNO>
The First Turbulence


  Chaotic, eddy-like motions dominated by inertial-vortex forces begin
immediately at Planck scales in a hot big-bang cosmological model. This
quantum-gravitational-dynamics epoch produced not only the first
space-time-energy of the universe but the first large Reynolds number
turbulence and turbulent mixing with Kolmogorov and Batchelor-Obukhov-Corrsin
velocity and temperature gradient spectra. Strong-force-freeze-out and
inflation produced the first fossil temperature turbulence by stretching the
fluctuations beyond the horizon scale ct of causal connection at light speed c
in time t. The spectrum increases toward a maximum at the smallest (fossilized
Planck) scales, contrary to either the flat Harrison-Zel'dovich form usually
assumed or Tilted forms with maxima at large (fossilized strong-force) scales
used to explain observed plasma epoch temperature fluctuations as acoustic. A
second transition to turbulence was inhibited by buoyancy forces from the first
structures, as indicated by observations that dT/T in the cosmic microwave
background radiation is only 10^-5 except at the spectral peak and increases
smoothly as wavenumber k^1/6. The peak is therefore due to gravitational
structure not sound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127043 </DOCNO>
The Quiescent Spectrum of the AM CVn star CP Eri


  We used the 6.5m MMT to obtain a spectrum of the AM CVn star CP Eri in
quiescence. The spectrum is dominated by He I emission lines, which are clearly
double peaked with a peak-to-peak separation of ~1900 km/s. The spectrum is
similar to that of the longer period AM CVn systems GP Com and CE 315, linking
the short and the long period AM CVn systems. In contrast with GP Com and CE
315, the spectrum of CP Eri does not show a central 'spike' in the line
profiles, but it does show lines of SiII in emission. The presence of these
lines indicates that the material being transferred is of higher metallicity
than in GP Com and CE 315, which, combined with the low proper motion of the
system, probably excludes a halo origin of the progenitor of CP Eri. We
constrain the primary mass to M_1>0.27 M_sun and the orbital inclination to 33
degr < i < 80 degr. The presence of the He I lines in emission opens up the
possibility for phase resolved spectroscopic studies which allows a
determination of the system parameters and a detailed study of helium accretion
disks under highly varying circumstances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127922 </DOCNO>
Evolution of massive binary black holes


  Since many or most galaxies have central massive black holes (BHs), mergers
of galaxies can form massive binary black holes (BBHs). In this paper, we study
the evolution of massive BBHs in realistic galaxy models, using a
generalization of techniques used to study tidal disruption rates around
massive BHs. The evolution of BBHs depends on BH mass ratio and host galaxy
type. BBHs with very low mass ratios (say, $\la$ 0.001) are hardly ever formed
by mergers of galaxies because the dynamical friction timescale is too long for
the smaller BH to sink into the galactic center within a Hubble time. BBHs with
moderate mass ratios are most likely to form and survive in spherical or nearly
spherical galaxies and in high-luminosity or high-dispersion galaxies; they are
most likely to have merged in low-dispersion galaxies (line-of-sight velocity
dispersion $\la$ 90 km/s) or in highly flattened or triaxial galaxies. The
semimajor axes and orbital periods of surviving BBHs are generally in the range
10^{-3}-10 pc and 10-10^5 yr; and they are larger in high-dispersion galaxies
than in low-dispersion galaxies, larger in nearly spherical galaxies than in
highly flattened or triaxial galaxies, and larger for BBHs with equal masses
than for BBHs with unequal masses. The orbital velocities of surviving BBHs are
generally in the range 10^2-10^4 km/s. The methods of detecting surviving BBHs
are also discussed. If no evidence of BBHs is found in AGNs, this may be either
because gas plays a major role in BBH orbital decay or because nuclear activity
switches on soon after a galaxy merger, and ends before the smaller BH has had
time to spiral to the center of the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5656 </DOCNO>
Exact eigenstates for contact interactions


  We show that in d>1 dimensions the N-particle kinetic energy operator with
periodic boundary conditions has symmetric eigenfunctions which vanish at
particle encounters, and give a full description of these functions. In two and
three dimensions they represent common eigenstates of bosonic Hamiltonians with
any kind of contact interactions, and illustrate a partial `multi-dimensional
Bethe Ansatz' or a `quantum-KAM theorem'. The lattice analogs of these
functions exist for N<=L^[d/2] where L is the linear size of the box, and are
common eigenstates of Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians and spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127433 </DOCNO>
Modified Newtonian Dynamics of Large Scale Structure


  We examine the implications of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) on the
large scale structure in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. We employ a
``Jeans swindle'' to write a MOND-type relationship between the fluctuations in
the density and the gravitational force, $\vg$. In linear Newtonian theory,
$|\vg|$ decreases with time and eventually becomes $<g_0$, the threshold below
which MOND is dominant. If the Newtonian initial density field has a power-law
power-spectrum of index $n<-1$, then MOND domination proceeds from small to
large scale. At early times MOND tends to drive the density power-spectrum
towards $k^{-1}$, independent of its shape in the Newtonian regime. We use
N-body simulations to solve the MOND equations of motion starting from initial
conditions with a CDM power-spectrum. MOND with the standard value $g_0=10^{-8}
cm s^{-2}$, yields a high clustering amplitude that can match the observed
galaxy distribution only with strong (anti-) biasing. A value of $g_0 \approx
10^{-9}cm s^{-2}$, however, gives results similar to Newtonian dynamics and can
be consistent with the observed large scale structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75718 </DOCNO>
Indirect heavy SUSY signals in Higgs and top decays


  We summarize the recent results on the supersymmetric QCD radiative
corrections, at the one-loop level, in Higgs and top quark decays, in the
context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and in the decoupling
limit of very heavy SUSY particles. Special attention is devoted to the
particular decays $h^0\to b \bar b$, $H^+\to t \bar b$, $H^0\to b \bar b$,
$A^0\to b \bar b$ and $t \to H^+\bar b$ where the radiative corrections from
heavy squarks and heavy gluinos do not decouple and are enhanced at large $\tan
\beta$. Some interesting phenomenological consequences are also briefly
summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3406 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium Properties of Double-Screened-Dipole-Barrier SINIS Josephson


  We report on a self-consistent microscopic study of the DC Josephson effect
in $SINIS$ junctions where screened dipole layers at the $SN$ interfaces
generate a double-barrier multilayered $SIN$ structure. Our approach starts
from a microscopic Hamiltonian defined on a simple cubic lattice, with an
attractive Hubbard term accounting for the short coherence length
superconducting order in the semi-infinite leads, and a spatially extended
charge distribution (screened dipole layer) induced by the difference in Fermi
energies of the superconductor $S$ and the clean normal metal interlayer $N$.
By employing the temperature Green function technique, in a continued fraction
representation, the influence of such spatially inhomogeneous barriers on the
proximity effect, current-phase relation, critical supercurrent and normal
state junction resistance, is investigated for different normal interlayer
thicknesses and barrier heights. These results are of relevance for high-$T_c$
grain boundary junctions, and also reveal one of the mechanisms that can lead
to low critical currents of apparently ballistic $SNS$ junctions while
increasing its normal state resistance in a much weaker fashion. When the $N$
region is a doped semiconductor, we find a substantial change in the dipole
layer (generated by a small Fermi level mismatch) upon crossing the
superconducting critical temperature, which is a new signature of proximity
effect and might be related to recent Raman studies in Nb/InAs bilayers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98035 </DOCNO>
Lectures on q-analogues of Cartan domains and associated Harish-Chandra


  This volume contains a mildly expanded version of lectures and talks at
seminars and conferences, as well as review papers on subjects listed in the
title of the volume. A great deal of these texts have already been published or
sent to press. However, the only way to provide a good exposition of the field
we are interested in is to collect all of those papers together.
  Bounded symmetric domains form a favorite subject of research in function
theory, non-commutative harmonic analysis, and representation theory of real
reductive Lie groups. The authors introduce the notions of q-analogues of
bounded symmetric domains and q-Harish-Chandra modules. For that, they follow
the traditions of quantum group theory in replacing Lie groups with the quantum
universal enveloping Drinfeld-Jimbo algebras and representations of groups with
associated Harish-Chandra modules.
  The purpose of this volume is to convince the reader in exceptional
attraction of the deduced class of quantum homogeneous spaces and the related
class of modules over quantum universal enveloping algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96923 </DOCNO>
Normality of Marsden-Weinstein reductions for representations of quivers


  We prove that the Marsden-Weinstein reductions for the moment map associated
to representations of a quiver are normal varieties. We give an application to
conjugacy classes of matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77141 </DOCNO>
Determination of the axial coupling constant $g_{A}$ in the linear


  If a baryon field belongs to a certain linear representation of chiral
symmetry of $SU(2) \otimes SU(2)$, the axial coupling constant $g_{A}$ can be
determined algebraically from the commutation relations derived from the
superconvergence property of pion-nucleon scattering amplitudes. This
establishes an algebraic explanation for the values of $g_{A}$ of such as the
non-relativistic quark model, large-$N_{c}$ limit and the mirror assignment for
two chiral partner nucleons. For the mirror assignment, the axial charges of
the positive and negative parity nucleons have opposite signs. Experiments of
eta and pion productions are proposed in which the sign difference of the axial
charges can be observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148190 </DOCNO>
Compactified D=11 Supermembranes and Symplectic Non-Commutative Gauge


  It is shown that a double compactified D=11 supermembrane with non trivial
wrapping may be formulated as a symplectic non-commutative gauge theory on the
world volume. The symplectic non commutative structure is intrinsically
obtained from the symplectic 2-form on the world volume defined by the minimal
configuration of its hamiltonian. The gauge transformations on the symplectic
fibration are generated by the area preserving diffeomorphisms on the world
volume. Geometrically, this gauge theory corresponds to a symplectic fibration
over a compact Riemman surface with a symplectic connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148191 </DOCNO>
The affine $A_{n-1}^{(1)}$ Toda fields with boundary reflection


  We study the affine $A_{n-1}^{(1)}$ Toda fields with boundary reflection. Our
approach is based on the free field approach. We construct free field
realizations of the boundary state and its dual. For an application of these
realizations, we present integral representations for the form factors of the
local operators. In a limiting case $\rho \to \infty$, our integral
representations reproduce those of form factors for the SU(n) invariant massive
Thirring model with boundary reflection
[nlin.SI/0010020,Int.J.Mod.Phys.A16,no.15 (2001)2665-2689].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179727 </DOCNO>
In-Medium Baryon Interactions and Hypernuclear Structure


  We introduce a microscopic and relativistic theory describing free scattering
and finite nuclei for the octet baryons in a consistent quantum field
theoretical framework based on Dirac-Brueckner theory and nuclear mean-field.
In a first quantitative approach - yet still heuristic for dealing with the
$\Lambda$ hyperon - the quality of the description of finite (hyper)nuclei
based on free meson exchange potentials is competitive with those from purely
phenomenological relativistic mean-field calculations. In contrast to the
latter our approach has the advantage of having a microscopic link to free
interactions and complete control on which classes of diagrams are included. As
a complementary way for determining hyperon-hyperon and hyperon-nucleon
interactions the use of Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148724 </DOCNO>
Magnetic backgrounds and tachyonic instabilities in closed superstring


  Models of closed superstrings in certain curved NS-NS magnetic flux
backgrounds are exactly solvable in terms of free fields. They interpolate
between free superstring theories with periodic and antiperiodic boundary
conditions for fermions around some compact direction, and, in particular,
between type 0 and type II string theories. Using ``9-11 flip'', this
interpolation can be extended to M-theory and provides an interesting setting
for a study of tachyon problem in closed string theory. Starting with a general
2-parameter family of such Melvin-type models, we present several new magnetic
flux backgrounds in 10-d string theory and 11-d M-theory and discuss their
tachyonic instabilities. In particular, we suggest a description of type 0B
theory in terms of M-theory in curved magnetic flux background, which supports
its conjectured SL(2,Z) symmetry, and in which the type 0 tachyon appears to
correspond to a state in 11-d supergravity multiplet. In another ``T-dual''
description, the tachyon is related to a winding membrane state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75972 </DOCNO>
Absorption in a Particle Oscillations


  In the framework of field approach with finite time interval the particle
oscillations in a medium are considered. The absorption in a final states do
not lead to dramatic suppression of ab-transitions. Also we touch on the
problem of infrared singularities. The approach under study is infrared-free.
It is shown that "correction" published recently [A.Gal, Phys. Rev. C61 (2000)
028201] is clearly wrong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128522 </DOCNO>
Voids in Galaxy Redshift Surveys


  One of the most striking features in galaxy redshift surveys is the
ubiquitous presence of voids. However, voids have not been extensively studied
due to observational limitations. Until recently, galaxy redshift surveys
included only a few voids of diameter > 30 h-1Mpc.
  The first step in studying voids is the identification process. We outline a
method for detecting voids (based on the method of El-Ad and Piran 1997, EP97).
We apply it to the PSCz survey, and the Updated Zwicky Catalog. We find that
voids have typical diameters of ~30 h-1Mpc and are very underdense regions with
(delta rho)/rho ~ -0.95. Up to 40% of volume of the Universe is occupied by
voids. We discuss the results from these surveys and our detection algorithm's
usefulness for future surveys.
  The next generation of surveys (such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and
2dFGRS) will improve this situation. The surveys will extend to greater depths,
allowing a more statistically complete sample of voids to be obtained and the
accompanying digital imaging will provide accurate photometry of fainter
objects. This will allow us to gain greater insight into the nature of voids,
search for possible void galaxies and maybe place constraints on cosmological
parameters as voids play a critical role in the evolution of large scale
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74351 </DOCNO>
Classification of Effective Neutrino Mass Operators


  We present a classification of SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) gauge invariant \Delta L
= 2 (L being lepton number) effective operators relevant for generating small
Majorana neutrino masses. Operators of dimension up to 11 have been included in
our analysis. This approach enables us to systematically identify interesting
neutrino mass models. It is shown that many of the well-known models fall into
this classification. In addition, a number of new models are proposed and their
neutrino phenomenology is outlined. Of particular interest is a large class of
models in which neutrinoless double beta decays arise at a lower order compared
to the neutrino mass, making these decays accessible to the current round of
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148546 </DOCNO>
Dualised sigma-models at the two-loop order


  We adress ourselves the question of the quantum equivalence of non abelian
dualised $\si$-models on the simple example of the T-dualised $SU(2)
\si$-model. This theory is classically canonically equivalent to the standard
chiral $SU(2) \si$-model. It is known that the equivalence also holds at the
first order in perturbations with the same $\be$ functions. However, this model
has been claimed to be non-renormalisable at the two-loop order. The aim of the
present work is the proof that it is - at least up to this order - still
possible to define a correct quantum theory. Its target space metric being only
modified in a finite manner, all divergences are reabsorbed into coupling and
fields (infinite) renormalisations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6399 </DOCNO>
Quasi-stationary distributions for stochastic processes with an


  We study the long-time behavior of stochastic models with an absorbing state,
conditioned on survival. For a large class of processes, in which saturation
prevents unlimited growth, statistical properties of the surviving sample
attain time-independent limiting values. We may then define a quasi-stationary
probability distribution as one in which the ratios p_n(t)/p_m(t) (for any pair
of nonabsorbing states n and m), are time-independent. This is not a true
stationary distribution, since the overall normalization decays as probability
flows irreversibly to the absorbing state. We construct quasi-stationary
solutions for the contact process on a complete graph, the Malthus-Verhulst
process, Schlogl's second model, and the voter model on a complete graph. We
also construct the master equation and quasi-stationary state in a two-site
approximation for the contact process, and for a pair of competing
Malthus-Verhulst processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75688 </DOCNO>
Constraint supersymmetry Breaking and Non-perturbative Effects in String


  We discuss supersymmetry breaking mechanisms at the level of low energy N=1
effective heterotic superstring actions that exhibit $SL(2,Z)_T$ target space
modular duality or $SL(2,Z)_S$ strong-weak coupling duality. The allowed
superpotential forms use the assumption that the source of non-perturbative
effects is not specified and as a result represent the most general
parametrization of non-perturbative effects. The minimum values of the limits
on the parameters in the superpotential may correspond to vacua with vanishing
cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5744 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Hall effect in an AC electric field and related phenomena


  It has been shown that in metals and semiconductors the joint action of
permanent magnetic and AC electric fields leads to arising of DC surface
electric current. This is due to essentially non-linear dynamics of electronic
gas in surface layer.The surface current is linear with respect to external
magnetic field and depends quadratically on an amplitude of AC electric
field.The conditions for spontaneous generation of magnetic field have been
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72360 </DOCNO>
On the heavy monopole potential in gluodynamics


  We discuss predictions for the interaction energy of the fundamental
monopoles in gluodynamics introduced via the 't Hooft loop. At short distances,
the heavy monopole potential is calculable from first principles. At larger
distances, we apply the Abelian dominance models. We discuss the measurements
which would be crucial to distinguish between various models. Non-zero
temperatures are also considered. Our predictions are in qualitative agreement
with the existing lattice data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73368 </DOCNO>
The Photon Structure Function at Small-x


  It is shown that recent small-x measurements of the photon structure function
F_2^{\gamma}(x,Q^2) by the LEP-OPAL collaboration are consistent with
parameter-free QCD predictions at all presently accessible values of Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81103 </DOCNO>
Monopoles Vortices and Confinement


  The status of our understanding of colour confinement is reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127339 </DOCNO>
Pre-heating the ICM in high resolution simulations: the effect on the


  We present results from high-resolution Tree+SPH simulations of galaxy
clusters and groups, aimed at studying the effect of non-gravitational heating
on the entropy of the ICM. We simulate three systems, having emission-weighted
temperature T=0.6,1 and 3 keV, with spatial resolution better than 1% of the
virial radius. We consider the effect of different prescriptions for
non-gravitational ICM heating, such as SN energy feedback, as predicted by
semi-analytical models of galaxy formation, and two different minimum entropy
floors, S_fl=50 and 100 keV cm^2, imposed at z=3. Simulations with only
gravitational heating nicely reproduce predictions from self-similar ICM
models, while extra heating is shown to break the self-similarity, by a degree
which depends on total injected energy and on cluster mass. We use
observational results on the excess entropy in central regions of galaxy
systems, to constrain the amount of extra-heating required. We find that
setting the entropy floor S_fl=50 keV cm^2, which corresponds to an extra
heating energy of about 1 keV per particle, is able to reproduce the observed
excess of ICM entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149599 </DOCNO>
Division Algebras, Extended Supersymmetries and Applications


  I present here some new results which make explicit the role of the division
algebras R,C,H,O in the construction and classification of, respectively,
N=1,2,4,8 global supersymmetric quantum mechanical and classical dynamical
systems. In particular an N=8 Malcev superaffine algebra is introduced and its
relation to the non-associative N=8 SCA is discussed. A list of present and
possible future applications is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40832 </DOCNO>
Update of the search for supersymmetric particles in scenarios with


  An update of the search for sleptons, neutralinos and charginos in the
context of scenarios where the lightest supersymmetric particle is the
gravitino and the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle is a slepton, is
presented, together with the update of the search for heavy stable charged
particles in light gravitino scenarios and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Models. Data collected in 1999 with the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass
energies around 192, 196, 200 and 202 GeV were analysed. No evidence for the
production of these supersymmetric particles was found. Hence, new mass limits
were derived at 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113854 </DOCNO>
Resonant-state solution of the Faddeev-Merkuriev integral equations for


  A novel method for calculating resonances in three-body Coulombic systems is
proposed. The Faddeev-Merkuriev integral equations are solved by applying the
Coulomb-Sturmian separable expansion method. The $e^- e^+ e^-$ S-state
resonances up to $n=5$ threshold are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40699 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Experiments : Highlights


  This article consists of two parts. The first section presents the highlights
on the goals of neutrino physics, status of the current neutrino experiments
and future directions and program. The second section describes the theme,
program and research efforts for the TEXONO Collaboration among scientists from
Taiwan and China.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6919 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a Josephson Array in a Resonant Cavity


  We derive dynamical equations for a Josephson array coupled to a resonant
cavity by applying the Heisenberg equations of motion to a model Hamiltonian
described by us earlier [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 63}, 144522 (2001); Phys. Rev. B
{\bf 64}, 179902 (E)]. By means of a canonical transformation, we also show
that, in the absence of an applied current and dissipation, our model reduces
to one described by Shnirman {\it et al} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 79}, 2371
(1997)] for coupled qubits, and that it corresponds to a capacitive coupling
between the array and the cavity mode. From extensive numerical solutions of
the model in one dimension, we find that the array locks into a coherent,
periodic state above a critical number of active junctions, that the
current-voltage characteristics of the array have self-induced resonant steps
(SIRS's), that when $N_a$ active junctions are synchronized on a SIRS, the
energy emitted into the resonant cavity is quadratic in $N_a$, and that when a
fixed number of junctions is biased on a SIRS, the energy is linear in the
input power. All these results are in agreement with recent experiments. By
choosing the initial conditions carefully, we can drive the array into any of a
variety of different integer SIRS's. We tentatively identify terms in the
equations of motion which give rise to both the SIRS's and the coherence
threshold. We also find higher-order integer SIRS's and fractional SIRS's in
some simulations. We conclude that a resonant cavity can produce threshold
behavior and SIRS's even in a one-dimensional array with appropriate
experimental parameters, and that the experimental data, including the coherent
emission, can be understood from classical equations of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73007 </DOCNO>
Prediction of LSND effect as a "sterile" perturbation of the bimaximal


  As a contribution to the hypothesis of mixing of three active neutrinos with,
at least, one sterile neutrino, we report on a simple $4\times4$ texture whose
$3\times3$ part arises from the popular bimaximal texture for three active
neutrinos $\nu_e,\nu_\mu,\nu_\tau$, where $c_{12}=1/\sqrt{2} = s_{12}$, $c_{23}
= 1/\sqrt{2} = s_{23}$ and $s_{13} = 0$. Such a $3\times 3$ bimaximal texture
is perturbed through a rotation in the 14 plane, where $\nu_4$ is the extra
neutrino mass state induced by the sterile neutrino $\nu_s$ which becomes
responsible for the LSND effect. Then, with $m^2_1 \simeq m^2_2$ we predict
that $\sin^2 2\theta_{\rm atm} = {1/2}(1+ c^2_{14}) \sim 0.95$ and $\sin^2
2\theta_{\rm LSND} = {1/2}s^4_{14} \sim 5\times10^{-3}$, and in addition
$\Delta m^2_{\rm atm} = \Delta m^2_{32}$ and $\Delta m^2_{\rm LSND} = |\Delta
m^2_{41}|$, where $c^2_{14} = \sin^2 2\theta_{\rm sol} \sim 0.9$ and $\Delta
m^2_{21} = \Delta m^2_{\rm sol} \sim 10^{-7} {\rm eV}^2$ if e.g. the LOW solar
solution is applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 491 </DOCNO>
On the origin of heavy quasiparticles in LiV_2O_4


  An explanation is provided for the heavy quasiparticle excitations in
LiV_2O_4. It differs considerably from that of other known heavy-fermion
systems. Main ingredients of our theory are the cubic spinel structure of the
material and strong short-range correlations of the d electrons. The large
gamma-coefficient is shown to result from excitations of Heisenberg spin 1/2
rings and chains. The required coupling constant is calculated from LDA+U
calculations and is found to be of the right size. Also the calculated
Sommerfeld-Wilson ratio is reasonably close to the observed one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179344 </DOCNO>
Study of polarization observables in double pion photoproduction on the


  Using a model for two pion photoproduction on the proton previously tested in
total cross sections and invariant mass distributions, we evaluate here
polarization observables on which recent experiments are providing new
information. We evaluate cross sections for spin 1/2 and 3/2, which are
measured at Mainz and play an important role in tests of the GHD sum rule.
  We also evaluate the proton polarization asymmetry $\Sigma$ which is
currently under investigation at GRAAL in Grenoble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123700 </DOCNO>
On an Estimation of the Coronal Magnetic Field Strength from


  Observations of the solar radio emission in the microwave frequency range
show fine structures consisting of a number of the almost parallel narrow
frequency bands. We interpret these bands as the cyclotron harmonics plasma
emission. This emission is generated by the anisotropic electron beam, which
excites longitudinal waves on the normal Doppler effect resonance. Then the
longitudinal waves convert into the radio emission on the second harmonic of
the longitudinal waves frequency and sometimes into the fundamental one.
Estimations of the magnetic field strength made on the basis of such a model
give the values of the magnetic field in the microwave burst sources as ~
100-200 G. The estimations of density variations are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72741 </DOCNO>
Pomeron and AdS/CFT Correspondence for QCD


  The Maldacena conjecture that QCD is holographically dual to gravity in extra
dimensions is briefly reviewed. On the basis of this duality conjecture, the
complete glueball spectrum is computed which bares a striking resemblance to
the known $QCD_4$ spectrum as determined by lattice simulations. In particular,
a strong coupling expansion for the Pomeron intercept is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72654 </DOCNO>
A relation between the charge radii of \pi^{+},\K^{+},K^{o} derived by


  We derive,using the general QCD parametrization,the approximate relation
r^{2}(\pi^{+}) - r^{2}(K^(+)) approximately equal to -r^{2}(K^(o), where the
r's are the charge radii.The relation is satisfied but the experimental errors
are still sizeable.The derivation is similar to (but even simpler than) that
for r^{2}(p) -r^{2}(n) approximately equal to r^{2}({\Delta})[Phys.Lett.B
448,107 (1999)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148461 </DOCNO>
Fermion vacuum energies in brane world models


  The fermion representations and boundary conditions in five dimensional anti
de Sitter space are described in detail. In each case the one loop effective
action is calculated for massless fermions. The possibility of topological or
Wilson loop symmetry breaking is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129287 </DOCNO>
Distant Cluster Hunting I: A Comparison Between the Optical and X-ray


  We present a comparison of X-ray and optical luminosities and luminosity
functions of cluster candidates from a joint optical/X-ray survey, the ROSAT
Optical X-Ray Survey. Completely independent X-ray and optical catalogs of 23
ROSAT fields (4.8 deg2) were created by a matched-filter optical algorithm and
by a wavelet technique in the X-ray. We directly compare the results of the
optical and X-ray selection techniques. The matched-filter technique detected
74% (26 out of 35) of the most reliable cluster candidates in the
X-ray-selected sample; the remainder could be either constellations of X-ray
point sources or z>1 clusters. The matched-filter technique identified
approximately 3 times the number of candidates (152 candidates) found in the
X-ray survey of nearly the same sky (57 candidates). While the estimated
optical and X-ray luminosities of clusters of galaxies are correlated, the
intrinsic scatter in this relationship is very large. We can reproduce the
number and distribution of optical clusters with a model defined by the X-ray
luminosity function and by an LX Lambda cl relation if H0=75 km s-1 Mpc-1 and
if the LX Lambda cl relation is steeper than the expected LX Lambda 2cl. On
statistical grounds, a bimodal distribution of X-ray luminous and X-ray faint
clusters is unnecessary to explain our observations. Follow-up work is required
to confirm whether the clusters without bright X-ray counterparts are simply
X-ray faint for their optical luminosity because of their low mass or youth or
are a distinct population of clusters that do not, for some reason, have dense
intracluster media. We suspect that these optical clusters are low-mass
systems, with correspondingly low X-ray temperatures and luminosities, or that
they are not yet completely virialized systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95650 </DOCNO>
Solving the Braid Word Problem Via the Fundamental Group


  The word problem of a group is a very important question. The word problem in
the braid group is of particular interest for topologists, algebraists and
geometers. In previouse article we have looked at the braid group from a
topological point of view, and thus using a new computerized representation of
some elements of the fundamental group we gave a solution for its word problem.
In this paper we will give an algorithm that will make it possible to transform
the new presentation into a syntactic presentation. This will make it possible
to computerize the group operation to sets of elements of the fundamental
group, which are isomorphic to the braid group. More over we will show that it
is sufficient enough to look at the syntactic presentation in order to solve
the braid word problem, resulting with a better and faster braid word solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127024 </DOCNO>
Non-hydrostatic gas in the core of the relaxed galaxy cluster A1795


  Chandra data on A1795 reveal a mild edge-shaped discontinuity in the gas
density and temperature in the southern sector of the cluster at r=60/h kpc.
The gas inside the edge is 1.3-1.5 times denser and cooler than outside, while
the pressure is continuous, indicating that this is a "cold front", the surface
of contact between two moving gases. The continuity of the pressure indicates
that the current relative velocity of the gases is near zero, making the edge
appear to be in hydrostatic equilibrium. However, a total mass profile derived
from the data in this sector under the equilibrium assumption, exhibits an
unphysical jump by a factor of 2, with the mass inside the edge being lower. We
propose that the cooler gas is "sloshing" in the cluster gravitational
potential well and is now near the point of maximum displacement, where it has
zero velocity but nonzero centripetal acceleration. The distribution of this
non-hydrostatic gas should reflect the reduced gravity force in the
accelerating reference frame, resulting in the apparent mass discontinuity.
Assuming that the gas outside the edge is hydrostatic, the acceleration of the
moving gas can be estimated from the mass jump, a ~ 800 h km/s/(10^8 yr). The
gravitational potential energy of this gas that is available for dissipation is
about half of its current thermal energy. The length of the cool filament
extending from the cD galaxy (Fabian et al.) may give the amplitude of the gas
sloshing, 30-40/h kpc. Such gas bulk motion might be caused by a disturbance of
the central gravitational potential by past subcluster infall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1419 </DOCNO>
Penetration Depth Measurements in MgB_2: Evidence for Unconventional


  We have measured the magnetic penetration depth of the recently discovered
binary superconductor MgB_2 using muon spin rotation and low field
$ac$-susceptibility. From the damping of the muon precession signal we find the
penetration depth at zero temperature is about 85nm. The low temperature
penetration depth shows a quadratic temperature dependence, indicating the
presence of nodes in the superconducting energy gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83832 </DOCNO>
Intelligent Search of Correlated Alarms from Database containing Noise


  Alarm correlation plays an important role in improving the service and
reliability in modern telecommunications networks. Most previous research of
alarm correlation didn't consider the effect of noise data in Database. This
paper focuses on the method of discovering alarm correlation rules from
database containing noise data. We firstly define two parameters Win_freq and
Win_add as the measure of noise data and then present the Robust_search
algorithm to solve the problem. At different size of Win_freq and Win_add,
experiments with alarm data containing noise data show that the Robust_search
Algorithm can discover the more rules with the bigger size of Win_add. We also
experimentally compare two different interestingness measures of confidence and
correlation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6800 </DOCNO>
Density profiles and surface tensions of polymers near colloidal


  The surface tension of interacting polymers in a good solvent is calculated
theoretically and by computer simulations for a planar wall geometry and for
the insertion of a single colloidal hard-sphere. This is achieved for the
planar wall and for the larger spheres by an adsorption method, and for smaller
spheres by a direct insertion technique. Results for the dilute and semi-dilute
regimes are compared to results for ideal polymers, the Asakura-Oosawa
penetrable-sphere model, and to integral equations, scaling and renormalization
group theories. The largest relative changes with density are found in the
dilute regime, so that theories based on non-interacting polymers rapidly break
down. A recently developed ``soft colloid'' approach to polymer-colloid
mixtures is shown to correctly describe the one-body insertion free-energy and
the related surface tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3109 </DOCNO>
Nature of the ordering of the three-dimensional XY spin glass


  Spin and chirality orderings of a three-dimensional XY spin glass are studied
by extensive Monte Carlo simulations. By calculating an appropriately defined
spin-overlap distribution function, we show that the finite-temperature
chiral-glass transition does not accompany the standard spin-glass order,
giving support to the spin-chirality decoupling picture. Critical behavior of
the chiral-glass transition turns out to be different from that of the Ising
spin glass. The chiral-glass ordered state exhibits a one-step-like peculiar
replica-symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86949 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional flat embeddings of (1+1) dilatonic black holes


  We obtain minimal (2+1) and (2+2) dimensional global flat embeddings of
uncharged and charged dilatonic black holes in (1+1) dimensions, respectively.
Moreover, we obtain the Hawking temperatures and the black hole ones of these
dilatonic black holes. However, even though the minimal flat embedding
structures are mathematically meaningful, through this minimal embeddings the
proper entropies are shown to be unattainable, contrast to the cases of other
black holes in (2+1) or much higher dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97136 </DOCNO>
Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a non-Archimedean


  Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a Banach space $X$ over
a non-Archimedean locally compact infinite field with a non-trivial valuation
are defined and constructed. Measures are considered with values in $\bf R$.
Theorems and criteria are formulated and proved about quasi-invariance and
pseudo-differentiability of measures relative to linear and non-linear
operators on $X$. Characteristic functionals of measures are studied. Moreover,
the non-Archimedean analogs of the Bochner-Kolmogorov and Minlos-Sazonov
theorems are investigated. Infinite products of measures also are considered.
Convergence of quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures in the
corresponding spaces of measures is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96766 </DOCNO>
On Form Factors of SU(2) Invariant Thirring Model


  Integral formulae for form factors of a large family of charged local
operators in SU(2) invariant Thirring model are given extending Smirnov's
construction of form factors of chargeless local operators in the sine-Gordon
model. New abelian symmetry acting on this family of local operators is found.
It creates Lukyanov's operators which are not in the above family of local
operators in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128665 </DOCNO>
A photometric and spectroscopic study of dwarf and giant galaxies in the


  We investigate the radial dependence of the spectroscopic properties, in
particular the Mg2, <Fe> and H beta spectroscopic indices, in a sample of
galaxies spanning a wide range of absolute luminosity in the Coma cluster.
  After allowing for the magnitude dependence of these indices, we find a
significant gradient in Mg2, in the sense that galaxies in the core of the
cluster have stronger Mg2. We find only weak gradients in <Fe> and H beta.
Using the model grids presented in an earlier paper in this series, we
attribute the Mg2 gradient to changes in metal abundance. One possible
mechanism to create this abundance gradient is pressure confinement by the
intracluster medium of material from Supernova driven winds early in the
history of the galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149032 </DOCNO>
Quantized bulk fermions in the Randall-Sundrum brane model


  The lowest order quantum corrections to the effective action arising from
quantized massive fermion fields in the Randall-Sundrum background spacetime
are computed. The boundary conditions and their relation with gauge invariance
are examined in detail. The possibility of Wilson loop symmetry breaking in
brane models is also analysed. The self-consistency requirements, previously
considered in the case of a quantized bulk scalar field, are extended to
include the contribution from massive fermions. It is shown that in this case
it is possible to stabilize the radius of the extra dimensions but it is not
possible to simultaneously solve the hierarchy problem, unless the brane
tensions are dramatically fine tuned, supporting previous claims.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76552 </DOCNO>
Unbiased gluon jet multiplicity from e$^+$e$^-$ three-jet events


  The charged particle multiplicities of two- and three-jet events from the
reaction e$^+$e$^-$,\to $Z$^0 \to hadrons$ are measured for Z$^0$ decays to
light quark (uds) flavors, using the data sample of the OPAL Collaboration at
LEP. Using recent theoretical expressions to account for biases from event
selection, results corresponding to unbiased gluon jets are extracted. The
unbiased gluon jet data are compared to corresponding results for quark jets.
We determine the ratio $r \equiv \ngluon/\nq$ of multiplicities between gluon
and quark jets as a function of energy scale. We also determine the ratio of
slopes, $r^{(1)} \equiv ({\mathrm{d}}\ngluon /{\mathrm{d}}y) /({\mathrm{d}}\nq
/ {\mathrm{d}}y)$, and of curvatures, $r^{(2)} \equiv ({\mathrm{d}}^2\ngluon
/{\mathrm{d}}y^2) /({\mathrm{d}}^2\nq / {\mathrm{d}}y^2)$, where $y$ specifies
the energy scale. At 30 GeV, we find $r = 1.422\pm0.051$, $r^{(1)} =
1.761\pm0.071$ and $r^{(2)} = 1.98\pm0.13$, where the uncertainties are the
statistical and systematic terms added in quadrature. These results are in
general agreement with theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95884 </DOCNO>
Quantum symmetry groups of noncommutative spheres


  We show that the noncommutative spheres of Connes and Landi are quantum
homogeneous spaces for certain compact quantum groups. We give a general
construction of homogeneous spaces which support noncommutative spin
geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98725 </DOCNO>
Larson-Sweedler Theorem, Grouplike Elements, Invertible Modules and the


  We extend the Larson-Sweedler theorem for weak Hopf algebras by proving that
a finite dimensional weak bialgebra is a weak Hopf algebra iff it possesses a
non-degenerate left integral. We establish the autonomous monoidal category of
the modules of a weak Hopf algebra A and show the semisimplicity of the unit
and the invertible modules of A. We also reveal the connection of these modules
to left/right grouplike elements in the dual weak Hopf algebra A^. Defining
distinguished left/right grouplike elements we derive the Radford formula for
the fourth power of the antipode in a weak Hopf algebra and prove that the
order of the antipode is finite up to an inner automorphism by a grouplike
element in the trivial subalgebra A^T of the underlying weak Hopf algebra A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168524 </DOCNO>
The Description of Joint Quantum Entities and the Formulation of a


  We formulate a paradox in relation to the description of a joint entity
consisting of two subentities by standard quantum mechanics. We put forward a
proposal for a possible solution, entailing the interpretation of density
states as pure states. We explain where the inspiration for this proposal comes
from and how its validity can be tested experimentally. We discuss the
consequences on quantum axiomatics of the proposal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7298 </DOCNO>
Supercooled Lennard-Jones Liquids and Glasses: a Kinetic Monte Carlo


  A kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method is used to study the structural properties
and dynamics of a supercooled binary Lennard-Jones liquid around the glass
transition temperature. This technique permits us to explore the potential
energy surface and barrier distributions without suffering the exponential
slowing down at low temperature that affects molecular dynamics simulations. In
agreement with previous studies we observe a distinct change in behaviour
around $T=0.45$, close to the dynamical transition temperature $T_c$ of mode
coupling theory (MCT). Below this temperature the number of different local
minima visited by the system for the same number of KMC steps decreases by more
than an order of magnitude. The mean number of atoms involved in each jump
between local minima and the average distance they move also decreases
significantly, and new features appear in the partial structure factor. Above
$T~0.45$ the probability distribution for the magnitude of the atomic
displacement per KMC step exhibits an exponential decay, which is only weakly
temperature dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5250 </DOCNO>
The Potential Energy Landscape and Mechanisms of Diffusion in Liquids


  The mechanism of diffusion in supercooled liquids is investigated from the
potential energy landscape point of view, with emphasis on the crossover from
high- to low-T dynamics. Molecular dynamics simulations with a time dependent
mapping to the associated local mininum or inherent structure (IS) are
performed on unit-density Lennard-Jones (LJ). New dynamical quantities
introduced include r2_{is}(t), the mean-square displacement (MSD) within a
basin of attraction of an IS, R2(t), the MSD of the IS itself, and g_{loc}(t)
the mean waiting time in a cooperative region. At intermediate T, r2_{is}(t)
posesses an interval of linear t-dependence allowing calculation of an
intrabasin diffusion constant D_{is}. Near T_{c} diffusion is intrabasin
dominated with D = D_{is}. Below T_{c} the local waiting time tau_{loc} exceeds
the time, tau_{pl}, needed for the system to explore the basin, indicating the
action of barriers. The distinction between motion among the IS below T_{c} and
saddle, or border dynamics above T_{c} is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148927 </DOCNO>
Orientifolds with branes at angles


  We present supersymmetry breaking four dimensional orientifolds of type IIA
strings. The compact space is a torus times a four dimensional orbifold. The
orientifold group reflects one direction in each torus. RR tadpoles are
cancelled by D6-branes intersecting at angles in the torus and in the orbifold.
The angles are chosen such that supersymmetry is broken. The resulting four
dimensional theories contain chiral fermions. The tadpole cancellation
conditions imply that there are no non-abelian gauge anomalies. The models also
contain anomaly-free U(1) factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168725 </DOCNO>
Raman subrecoil spectroscopy of cold cesium atoms


  We describe and characterize a setup for subrecoil stimulated Raman
spectroscopy of cold cesium atoms. We study in particular the performances of a
method designed to active control and stabilization of the magnetic fields
across a cold-atom cloud inside a small vacuum cell. The performance of the
setup is monitored by {\em copropagative-beam} stimulated Raman spectroscopy of
a cold cesium sample. The root mean-square value of the residual magnetic field
is 300 $\mu G$, with a compensation bandwidth of 500 Hz. The shape of the
observed spectra is theoretically interpreted and compares very well to
numerically generated spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74834 </DOCNO>
Generalized symmetry breaking on orbifolds


  We reconsider the phenomenon of mass generation via coordinate-dependent
compatifications of higher-dimensional theories on orbifolds. For definiteness,
we study a generic five-dimensional (5D) theory compactified on S^1/Z_2. We
show that the presence of fixed points, where the fields or their derivatives
may be discontinuous, permits new realizations of the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism
where, for example, the mass terms are localized at the orbifold fixed points.
Our technique can be used to describe the explicit breaking of global flavor
symmetries and supersymmetries by brane-localized mass terms. It can also be
applied to the spontaneous breaking of local symmetries, such as gauge
symmetries or supergravities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2234 </DOCNO>
Nonground State Condensates of Ultracold Trapped Atoms


  The population dynamics of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate, subject to the
action of an oscillatory field, is studied. This field produces a modulation of
the trapping potential with the frequency close to the transition frequency
between the ground state and an excited energy level. Unusual critical effects
are found exhibiting sharp qualitative changes in the population dynamics. An
effective averaged system is constructed explicitly illustrating the occurrence
of critical phenomena. The related critical indices are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2602 </DOCNO>
Orbital Magnetism of Two-Dimension Noncommutative Confined System


  We study a system of spinless electrons moving in a two dimensional
noncommutative space subject to a perpendicular magnetic field $\vec B$ and
confined by a harmonic potential type ${1\over 2}mw_{0}r^2$. We look for the
orbital magnetism of the electrons in different regimes of temperature $T$,
magnetic field $\vec B$ and noncommutative parameter $\te$. We prove that the
degeneracy of Landau levels can be lifted by the $\te$-term appearing in the
electron energy spectrum at weak magnetic field. Using the {\it Berezin-Lieb}
inequalities for thermodynamical potential, it is shown that in the high
temperature limit, the system exibits a magnetic $\te$-dependent behaviour,
which is missing in the commutative case. Moreover, a correction to
susceptibility at low $T$ is observed. Using the {\it Fermi-Dirac} trace
formulas, a generalization of the thermodynamical potential, the average number
of electrons and the magnetization is obtained. There is a critical point where
the thermodynamical potential becomes infinite in both of two methods above. So
at this point we deal with the partition function by adopting another approach.
The standard results in the commutative case for this model can be recovered by
switching off the $\te$-parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179556 </DOCNO>
Recent Developments in relativistic models for exclusive (e,e'p)


  A comparison of impulse approximation calculations for the (e,e'p) reaction,
based on the Dirac equation and the Schrodinger one is presented. Trivial
(kinematics) differences are indicated, as well as how to remove them from the
standard nonrelativistic formalism. Signatures of the relativistic approach are
found where the enhancement of the lower components (spinor distortion or
negative energy contributions) modifies TL observables with respect to the
nonrelativistic predictions, what seems to be confirmed by the experiment.
Finally, the relativistic approach is used to analyze several experiments for
the reaction 16O(e,e'p)15N taken at values of Q^2 from 0.2 to 0.8 (GeV/c)^2,
not finding a significant Q^2 dependence of the scale factors over this range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86943 </DOCNO>
Conformal Collineations and Ricci Inheritance Symmetry in String Cloud


  Conformal collineations (a generalization of conformal motion) and Ricci
inheritance collineations, defined by $\pounds_\xi R_{ab}=2\alpha R_{ab}$, for
string cloud and string fluids in general relativity are studied. By
investigating the kinematical and dynamical properties of such fluids and using
the field equations, some recent studies on the restrictions imposed by
conformal collineations are extended, and new results are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113589 </DOCNO>
Anharmonic parametric excitation in optical lattices


  We study both experimentally and theoretically the losses induced by
parametric excitation in far-off-resonance optical lattices. The atoms confined
in a 1D sinusoidal lattice present an excitation spectrum and dynamics
substantially different from those expected for a harmonic potential. We
develop a model based on the actual atomic Hamiltonian in the lattice and we
introduce semiempirically a broadening of the width of lattice energy bands
which can physically arise from inhomogeneities and fluctuations of the
lattice, and also from atomic collisions. The position and strength of the
parametric resonances and the evolution of the number of trapped atoms are
satisfactorily described by our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96018 </DOCNO>
Filtered random variables, bialgebras and convolutions


  We introduce the filtered *-bialgebra which is a noncommutative analog of the
*-bialgebra of multivariate polynomials with the canonical coproduct and
counit. We study the associated filtered convolutions, random walks and random
variables. The GNS representations of the limit states lead to filtered
fundamental operators which are the CCR fundamental operators on the multiple
symmetric Fock space, multiplied by appropriate projections. The importance of
filtered random variables and fundamental operators stems from the fact that by
addition and strong limits one obtains from them the main types of
noncommutative random variables and fundamental operators, respectively,
regardless of the type of noncommutative independence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75856 </DOCNO>
Geometric relation between centrality and the impact parameter in


  We show, under general assumptions which are well satisfied in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions, that the geometric relation of centrality c to the impact
parameter b, namely c ~ pi b^2/sigma_inel, holds to a very high accuracy for
all but most peripheral collisions. More precisely, if c(N) is the centrality
of events with the multiplicity higer than N, then b is the value of the impact
parameter for which the average multiplicity <n(b)> is equal to N. The
corrections to this geometric formula are of the order (Delta n(b)/<n(b)>)^2,
where Delta n(b) is the width of the multiplicity distribution at a given value
of b, hence are very small. In other words, the centrality effectively measures
the impact parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125563 </DOCNO>
Infrared Emission from Clusters in the Starforming Disk of He2-10


  We have made subarcsecond-resolution images of the central 10" of the
Wolf-Rayet dwarf galaxy He 2-10 at 11.7 microns, using the Long Wavelength
Spectrometer on the Keck Telescope. The spatial distribution of the infrared
emission roughly agrees with that of the rising spectrum radio sources seen by
Kobulnicky & Johnson (1999) and confirms that those sources are compact HII
regions rather than SNR or other objects. The infrared sources are more
extended than the subarcsecond rising spectrum radio sources, although the
entire complex is still less than 5" in extent. On sizescales of 1" the
infrared and radio emission are in excellent agreement, with each source
requiring several hundred to a thousand O stars for excitation. The nebulae lie
in a flattened disk-like distribution about 240 by 100 pc and provide all of
the flux measured by IRAS for the entire galaxy in the 12 micron band; 30% of
the total IRAS flux from the galaxy emanates from one 15-30 pc source. In this
galaxy, intense star formation, probably triggered by an accretion event, is
confined to a central disk which breaks up into distinct nebulae which
presumably mark the sites of young super star clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98810 </DOCNO>
The Poincare'-Lyapounov-Nekhoroshev theorem


  We give a detailed and mainly geometric proof of a theorem by N.N.
Nekhoroshev for hamiltonian systems in $n$ degrees of freedom with $k$
constants of motion in involution, where $1 \le k \le n$. This states
persistence of $k$-dimensional invariant tori, and local existence of partial
action-angle coordinates, under suitable nondegeneracy conditions. Thus it
admits as special cases the Poincar\'e-Lyapounov theorem (corresponding to
$k=1$) and the Liouville-Arnold one (corresponding to $k = n$), and
interpolates between them. The crucial tool for the proof is a generalization
of the Poincar\'e map, also introduced by Nekhoroshev.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128268 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 2259+58.6


  We present X-ray imaging, timing, and phase resolved spectroscopy of the
anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 2259+58.6 using the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The
spectrum is well described by a power law plus blackbody model with power law
index = 3.6(1), kT_BB = 0.412(6) keV, and N_H=0.93(3) x 10^{22} cm^{-2}; we
find no evidence for spectral features (0.5-7.0 keV). We derive a new, precise
X-ray position for the source and determine its spin period, P=6.978977(24) s.
Time resolved X-ray spectra show no significant variation as a function of
pulse phase. We have detected excess emission beyond 4 arcsec from the central
source extending to beyond 100 arcsec, due to the supernova remnant and
possibly dust scattering from the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125448 </DOCNO>
LANNDD---A Massive Liquid Argon Detector for Proton Decay, Supernova and


  We describe a possible Liquid Argon Neutrino and Nuclear Decay Detector
(LANNDD) that consists of a 70kt magnetized liquid argon tracking detector. The
detector is being designed for the Carlsbad Underground Laboratory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75250 </DOCNO>
A C++ Code to Solve the DGLAP Equations Applied to Ultra High Energy


  We solve numerically the Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP)
equations for the evolution of fragmentation functions using the Laguerre
method. We extend this method to include supersymmetric evolution. The solution
to the DGLAP equations is particularly interesting to calculate the expected
spectra of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in models where they are produced by
the decay of a massive particle X, M_X > 10^{12} GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 818 </DOCNO>
`Generalized des Cloizeaux' exponent for self-avoiding walks on the


  We study the asymptotic shape of self-avoiding random walks (SAW) on the
backbone of the incipient percolation cluster in d-dimensional lattices
analytically. It is generally accepted that the configurational averaged
probability distribution function <P_{\mathrm{B}}(r,N)> for the end-to-end
distance r of an N step SAW behaves as a power law for r -> 0. In this work, we
determine the corresponding exponent using scaling arguments, and show that our
suggested `generalized des Cloizeaux' expression for the exponent is in
excellent agreement with exact enumeration results in two and three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4999 </DOCNO>
The Composition Lines of the Visible Band of Synthetic Diamond


  The visible band (band A) of Photoluminescence spectra of high-purity
synthesized diamond is analyzed by deconvolution technique. A set of eight
lines with distinct peak energy are found. The peak energy and the width of
these lines were either constant or varies very slightly with temperature. The
amplitude of the lines are significantly temperature. The closeness of the
temperature that the amplitudes of these lines reach their minimum and the
temperature which the Free-exiton emission is maximum at, is an indication of
the competition between these too effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97259 </DOCNO>
Invariant d'entrelacs associ\'e \`a la repr\'esentation des spineurs de


  Pulling back the weight system associated with the spinor representation of
the Lie algebra so(7) by the universal Vassiliev-Kontsevich invariant yields a
numerical link invariant with values in formal power series. Computing some
skein relations satisfied by this invariant, I derive a recursive algorithm for
its evaluation. The values of this invariant belong to the ring Z[W,W^{-1}] of
Laurent polynomials in one variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128815 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous CPT asymmetry of the Universe


  The extended QED with renormalizable interactions breaking the Lorentz and
CPT symmetry is considered and the phenomenological consequences of such a
symmetry breaking are illuminated in view of recent discussion of large scale
anisotropy of the Universe. Other physical effects in QED with CPT violation
are examined, in particular, mass splitting between electrons of different
helicities and decay of very high energetic electrons into lower energy
electrons and positrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41326 </DOCNO>
Detection of phi-->f0(980) photon, phi-->a0(980) photon into five


  The KLOE detector at DAFNE, the Frascati phi-factory, has collected about 30
pb^-1 by the end of 2000, corresponding to about 90 millions of phi(1020)
mesons produced. The five photon final state has been exploited to study the
rare decays of phi into f0(980) photon and a0(980) photon, with statistical
accuracy never reached before. The preliminary results for these branching
ratios, from a data sample of 17 pb^-1, are the following: BR(phi-->f0(980)
photon)=(23.7 +- 0.6 (stat.) times 10^-5, BR(phi--> a0(980) photon)=(5.8 +- 0.5
(stat.)) times 10^-5. The systematic error is expected to be less than 10%, a
precise evaluation is going on. For the ratio of the branching ratios of phi-->
f0 photon to phi--> a0 photon we find 4.1 +- 0.4 (stat.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2408 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Theory of the Composite Fermion Wigner Crystal


  Experimental results indicating the existence of the high magnetic field
Wigner Crystal have been available for a number of years. While variational
wavefunctions have demonstrated the instability of the Laughlin liquid to a
Wigner Crystal at sufficiently small filling, calculations of the excitation
gaps have been hampered by the strong correlations. Recently a new Hamiltonian
formulation of the fractional quantum Hall problem has been developed. In this
work we extend the Hamiltonian approach to include states of nonuniform
density, and use it to compute the excitation gaps of the Wigner Crystal
states. We find that the Wigner Crystal states near $\nu=1/5$ are
quantitatively well described as crystals of Composite Fermions with four
vortices attached. Predictions for gaps and the shear modulus of the crystal
are presented, and found to be in reasonable agreement with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86839 </DOCNO>
The Time Vector: An Analysis of Continuity and Change


  This paper sets out to explain and unify: 1. Why the speed of light c is a
constant and is the maximum speed at which any moving entity can travel. 2. Why
time elapsed is different for a moving entity relative to a stationary entity.
3. Why there has been confusion between the wave and particle nature of an
entity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150120 </DOCNO>
The Poisson-Sigma Model - A Nonlinear Gauge Theory


  I investigate the Poisson-sigma model on the classical and quantum level.
First I show how the interaction can be obtained by a deformation of the
classical master equation of an Abelian BF theory in two dimensions. On the
classical level this model includes various known two-dimensional field
theories, in particular the Yang-Mills theory. On the quantum level the
perturbation expansion of the path integral in the covariant gauge yields the
Kontsevich deformation formula. Finally I perform the calculation of the path
integral in a general gauge, and demonstrate how the derived partition function
reduces in the special case of a linear Poisson structure to the familiar form
of 2d Yang-Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124263 </DOCNO>
QSO environments at intermediate redshifts


  We have made a survey of quasar environments at 0.5 < z < 0.8, using a sample
of both radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars matched in B-band luminosity. Our
observations include images of background control fields to provide a good
determination of the field galaxy counts. About 10 per cent of the quasars
appear to live in rich clusters, whereas approximately 45 per cent live in
environments similar to that of field galaxies.
  The richness of galaxies within a 0.5 Mpc radius around the radio-quiet
quasars is found to be indistinguishable from the richness around the
radio-loud quasars, corresponding on average to groups or poorer clusters of
galaxies. Comparing the galaxy richness in the radio-loud quasar fields with
quasar fields in the literature, we find no evidence of an evolution in the
environment with epoch. Instead, a weak, but significant correlation between
quasar radio luminosity and environmental richness is present. It is thus
possible that the environments of quasars, at least the powerful ones, do not
evolve much between the present epoch and z \approx 0.8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129606 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of Planetary Nebulae in M 51's Tidal Tail


  The galaxy pair NGC 5194/95 (M 51) is one of the closest and best known
interacting systems. Despite its notoriety, however, many of its features are
not well studied. Extending westward from NGC 5195 is a low surface brightness
tidal tail, which can only be seen in deep broadband exposures. Our previous [O
III] lambda 5007 planetary nebulae (PN) survey of M 51 recovered this tidal
tail, and presented us with a opportunity to study the kinematics of a galaxy
interaction in progress. We report the results of a spectroscopy survey of the
PN, aimed at determining their kinematic properties. We then use these data to
constrain new self-consistent numerical models of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72645 </DOCNO>
Probing the Geometry of the Universe at the NLC


  The hierarchy problem in particle physics has recently been approached from a
geometric point of view in different models. These approaches postulate the
existence of extra dimensions with various geometric properties, to explain how
the hierarchy between the apparent scale of gravity ${\bar M}_P \sim 10^{18}$
GeV and the weak scale $m_W \sim 100$ GeV can be generated. Generally, these
models predict that the effects of gravity mediated interactions become strong
at the weak scale. This fact makes the NLC a promising tool for testing such
extra dimensional models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 622 </DOCNO>
Using Nonlinear Response to Estimate the Strength of an Elastic Network


  Disordered networks of fragile elastic elements have been proposed as a model
of inner porous regions of large bones [Gunaratne et.al., cond-mat/0009221,
http://xyz.lanl.gov]. It is shown that the ratio $\Gamma$ of responses of such
a network to static and periodic strain can be used to estimate its ultimate
(or breaking) stress. Since bone fracture in older adults results from the
weakening of porous bone, we discuss the possibility of using $\Gamma$ as a
non-invasive diagnostic of osteoporotic bone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83737 </DOCNO>
On Concurrent and Resettable Zero-Knowledge Proofs for NP


  A proof is concurrent zero-knowledge if it remains zero-knowledge when many
copies of the proof are run in an asynchronous environment, such as the
Internet. It is known that zero-knowledge is not necessarily preserved in such
an environment. Designing concurrent zero-knowledge proofs is a fundamental
issue in the study of zero-knowledge since known zero-knowledge protocols
cannot be run in a realistic modern computing environment. In this paper we
present a concurrent zero-knowledge proof systems for all languages in NP.
Currently, the proof system we present is the only known proof system that
retains the zero-knowledge property when copies of the proof are allowed to run
in an asynchronous environment. Our proof system has $\tilde{O}(\log^2 k)$
rounds (for a security parameter $k$), which is almost optimal, as it is shown
by Canetti Kilian Petrank and Rosen that black-box concurrent zero-knowledge
requires $\tilde{\Omega}(\log k)$ rounds.
  Canetti, Goldreich, Goldwasser and Micali introduced the notion of {\em
resettable} zero-knowledge, and modified an earlier version of our proof system
to obtain the first resettable zero-knowledge proof system. This protocol
requires $k^{\theta(1)}$ rounds. We note that their technique also applies to
our current proof system, yielding a resettable zero-knowledge proof for NP
with $\tilde{O}(\log^2 k)$ rounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98101 </DOCNO>
A Noether inequality in dimension 3


  Among complex smooth projective threefolds with ample canonical divisor K,
the Noether inequality is of the form $K^3\geq (4/3)p_g-(\delta/3)$ where p_g
denotes the geometric genus of the threefold and $\delta$ is certain number in
{10, 12, 14}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148967 </DOCNO>
Renormalizable Abelian-projected effective gauge theory derived from


  In the previous paper, we have introduced the Abelian tensor field together
with two parameters $\rho$ and $\sigma$ to rewrite the non-Abelian gauge theory
in maximal Abelian gauge into an Abelian effective theory, and we determined
the anomalous dimensions of Abelian tensor field and a parameter $\rho$ by
requiring the renormalizability with respect to Abelian effective theory. Then
we obtained the renormalizable Abelian Projected Effective Gauge Theory. In
this paper, the anomalous dimension of a parameter $\sigma$ is determined.
However, before proceeding to determine the anomalous dimension of $\sigma$, we
must modify the gauge fixing terms from the viewpoint of renormalizability. We
obtain the anomalous dimensions under this modification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4661 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a new energy scale in the Raman spectra of high-Tc cuprates


  We report low energy electronic Raman scattering from Ni-substituted
YBa2Cu3O6.95 single crystals with Tc ranging from 92.5 K to 78 K. The fully
symmetrical A1g channel and the B1g channel which is sensitive to the dx2-y2
gap maximum have been explored. The energy of the B1g pair-breaking peak
remains constant under Ni doping while the energy of the A1g peak scales with
Tc (EA1g/Tc=5). Our data show that the A1g peak tracks the magnetic resonance
peak observed in inelastic neutron scattering yielding a key explanation to the
long-standing problem of the origin the A1g peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87204 </DOCNO>
Formation of Complex Matter Structures and Mutual Relations Between the


  The model of Expansive Nondecelerative Universe leads to a conclusion stating
that at the end of radiation era the Jeans mass was equal to the upper mass
limit of a black hole and, at the same time, the effective gravitational range
of nucleons was identical to their Compton wavelength. At that time nucleons
started to exert gravitational impact on their environment which enabled to
large scale structures become formed. Moreover, it is shown that there is a
deep relationships between the inertial mass of various leptons and bosons and
that such relations can be extended also into the realm of other kinds of
elementary particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123715 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of the Galaxy: the G-dwarf problem and radioactive


  Thin and Thick disk metallicities overlap, but alpha(Fe) relations differ;
there is also a hiatus in time before the first thin-disk stars, with a minimum
metallicity [Fe/H] = -0.6. Thus there are two `G-dwarf' problems. We fit
metallicity distribution functions (MDFs) for the two disks derived by Wyse &
Gilmore (1995) with analytical models (for O and Mg). The Thick disk fits a
simple inflow model with effective yield and final [Mg/H] about the same as for
the Thin Disk, excluding continuous mass loss from the former as a source of
prompt initial enrichment (PIE) for the latter. The Thin disk has a narrow MDF
fitted (rather poorly) with a closed model having PIE from some other source,
or more elegantly with a slow infall model similar to the `two-inflow' scenario
of Matteucci et al., but with a PIE and a severe break in the age-metallicity
relation. Implications for radio-active cosmochronology are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72830 </DOCNO>
QED Corrections to the Scattering of Solar Neutrinos and Electrons


  We discuss recent calculations of the O(alpha) QED corrections to the recoil
electron energy spectrum in neutrino electron scattering, and to the spectrum
of the combined energy of the recoil electron and a possible accompanying
photon emitted in the scattering process. We then examine the role of these
corrections in the interpretation of precise measurements from solar neutrino
electron scattering experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87088 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Background Anisotropy due to Neutrino Oscillations Revisited


  According to the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, the number of neutrino species is
greater than 3. From this fact we consider sterile neutrino which is only
generated through the neutrino oscillations. In this paper we assume that the
neutrino oscillations occur in the radiation dominated era and the momenta of
neutrino is replaced by the thermal average $<p > \simeq 3.15 T$. We solve the
perturbed Boltzmann equations due to the neutrino oscillations and calculate
the angular power spectrum. The transition is assumed to be occurred
instantaneously at $T \sim T_{res}$ for $\delta m^2 < 0$. Then we constrain the
oscillation parameter $\delta m^2, \sin^2 2 \theta_0$ by MAXIMA-1 data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76100 </DOCNO>
On the Field Renormalization Constant for Unstable Particles


  A recently proposed normalization condition for the imaginary part of the
self-energy of an unstable particle is shown to lead to a closed expression for
the field renormalization constant Z. In turn, the exact expression for Z is
necessary, in some important cases, in order to avoid power-like infrared
divergences in high orders of perturbation theory. In the same examples, the
width plays the r\^ole of an infrared cutoff and, consequently, Z is not an
analytic function of the coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96844 </DOCNO>
BMT Invariants of Surfaces and 4-Manifolds


  In this paper we present the Braid Monodromy Type (BMT) of curves and
surfaces; past, present and future. The BMT is an invariant that can
distinguish between non-isotopic curves; between different families of surfaces
of general type; between connected components of moduli space of surfaces and
between non symplectmorphic 4-manifolds. BMT is a finer invariant than the
Sieberg-Witten invariants. Consider 2 simply connected surfaces of general type
with the same Chern classes. It is known that if they are in the same
deformation class, they are diffeomorphic to each other. Are there computable
invariants distinguishing between these 2 classes? The new invariant, proposed
here, is located between the 2 classes. In this paper we shall introduce the
new invariant, state the current results and pose an open question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168476 </DOCNO>
An optical kaleidoscope using a single atom


  A new method to track the motion of a single particle in the field of a
high-finesse optical resonator is described. It exploits near-degenerate
higher-order Gaussian cavity modes, whose symmetry is broken by the phase shift
on the light induced by the particle. Observation of the spatial intensity
distribution behind the cavity allows direct determination of the particle's
position with approximately wavelength accuracy. This is demonstrated by
generating a realistic atomic trajectory using a semiclassical simulation
including friction and diffusion and comparing it to the reconstructed path.
The path reconstruction itself requires no knowledge about the forces on the
particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77024 </DOCNO>
Physics Opportunities in Ultraperipheral Heavy Ion Collisions at LHC


  Due to coherence, there are strong electromagnetic fields of short duration
in very peripheral heavy ion collisions. They give rise to photon-photon and
photon-nucleus collisions with high flux. Photon-photon and photon-hadron
physics at various invariant mass scales are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148437 </DOCNO>
Multi-Field Generalisations of the Klein-Gordon Theory associated with


  The purpose of this article is to initiate a study of a class of Lorentz
invariant, yet tractable, Lagrangian Field Theories which may be viewed as an
extension of the Klein-Gordon Lagrangian to many scalar fields in a novel
manner. These Lagrangians are quadratic in the Jacobians of the participating
fields with respect to the base space co-ordinates. In the case of two fields,
real valued solutions of the equations of motion are found and a phenomenon
reminiscent of instanton behaviour is uncovered; an ansatz for a subsidiary
equation which implies a solution of the full equations yields real solutions
in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Each of these is associated with a
spherical harmonic function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149827 </DOCNO>
Schwinger type processes via branes and their gravity duals


  We consider Schwinger type processes involving the creation of the charge and
monopole pairs in the external fields and propose interpretation of these
processes via corresponding brane configurations in Type IIB string theory. We
suggest simple description of some new interesting nonperturbative processes
like monopole/dyon transitions in the electric field and W-boson decay in the
magnetic field using the brane language. Nonperturbative pair production in the
strong coupling regime using the AdS/CFT correspondence is studied. The
treatment of the similar processes in the noncommutative theories when
noncommutativity is traded for the background fields is presented and the
possible role of the critical magnetic field which is S-dual to the critical
electric field is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73604 </DOCNO>
Properties of $\rho$ and $\omega$ Mesons at Finite Temperature and


  The mass shift, width broadening, and spectral density for the $\rho$ and
$\omega$ mesons in a heat bath of nucleons and pions are calculated using a
general formula which relates the self-energy to the real and imaginary parts
of the forward scattering amplitude. We use experimental data to saturate the
scattering amplitude at low energies with resonances and include a background
Pomeron term, while at high energies a Regge parameterization is used. The real
part obtained directly is compared with the result of a dispersion integral
over the imaginary part. The peaks of the spectral densities are little shifted
from their vacuum positions, but the widths are considerably increased due to
collisional broadening. Where possible we compare with the UrQMD model and find
quite good agreement. At normal nuclear matter density and a temperature of 150
MeV the spectral density of the $\rho$ meson has a width of 345 MeV, while that
for the $\omega$ is in the range 90--150 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113927 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theoretic Approach to Fluid Dynamics: Non-Minimal MHD and Extended


  The principle of local gauge invariance is introduced in the study of the
Hamiltonian dynamics of a compressible inviscid fluid. In the first part of the
paper, a novel gauging of the global symmetries is proposed which is both
non-minimal and non-linear. The resulting MHD is analysed in detail. In the
second part, the free fluid model is embedded in an extended space in the
Batalin-Tyutin framework and the induced gauge theory is analysed. Relativistic
generalizations are also discussed for both the cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114444 </DOCNO>
Steep sharp-crested gravity waves on deep water


  A new type of steady steep two-dimensional irrotational symmetric periodic
gravity waves on inviscid incompressible fluid of infinite depth is revealed.
We demonstrate that these waves have sharper crests in comparison with the
Stokes waves of the same wavelength and steepness. The speed of a fluid
particle at the crest of new waves is greater than their phase speed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73984 </DOCNO>
Space Rotation Invariance


  The space rotation invariance hypothesis is examined. The basic space-time
properties and the physical object description from this point of view are
considered. An $\omega$-invariance as an approximation of the space rotation
invariance hypothesis is introduced. It is shown that on frames of the
$\omega$-invariance it is possible to describe the ``wave'' properties of
elementary particles and to get the basic quantum mechanics equations, such as
Schr\"odinger and Klein-Gordon-Fock equations. The correlation between the
space rotation objects and models of the elementary particles, quarks and even
nuclei is found. The problems of metrics and gravitation from the space
rotation invariance point of view are discussed. The introduced hypothesis may
be a foundation of the theory of the Unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98098 </DOCNO>
New upper bounds on sphere packings I


  We develop an analogue for sphere packing of the linear programming bounds
for error-correcting codes, and use it to prove upper bounds for the density of
sphere packings, which are the best bounds known at least for dimensions 4
through 36. We conjecture that our approach can be used to solve the sphere
packing problem in dimensions 8 and 24.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41708 </DOCNO>
Recent Results of BABAR


  The BABAR detector at SLAC's PEP-II storage ring has collected data
equivalent to about 30.4 fb-1 through June 2001. Results on CP violation, and
in particular searches for direct CP violation, and measurement of rare B
decays are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74095 </DOCNO>
On the pion electroproduction amplitude


  We analyze amplitudes for the pion electroproduction on proton derived from
Lagrangians based on the local chiral SU(2) x SU(2) symmetries. We show that
such amplitudes do contain information on the nucleon axial form factor F_A in
both soft and hard pion regimes. This result invalidates recent Haberzettl's
claim that the pion electroproduction at threshold cannot be used to extract
any information regarding F_A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96261 </DOCNO>
Derived Category Automorphisms from Mirror Symmetry


  Inspired by the homological mirror symmetry conjecture of Kontsevich, we
construct new classes of automorphisms of the bounded derived category of
coherent sheaves on a smooth Calabi-Yau variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41298 </DOCNO>
QCD Factorized Drell-Yan Cross Section at Large Transverse Momentum


  We derive a new factorization formula in perturbative quantum chromodynamics
for the Drell-Yan massive lepton-pair cross section as a function of the
transverse momentum $Q_T$ of the pair. When $Q_T$ is much larger than the
pair's invariant mass $Q$, this factorization formula systematically resums the
logarithmic contributions of the type $\alpha_s^m \ln^m(Q_T^2/Q^2)$ to all
orders in the strong coupling $\alpha_s$. When $Q_T\sim Q$, our formula yields
the same Drell-Yan cross section as conventional fixed order QCD perturbation
theory. We show that resummation is important when the collision energy
$\sqrt{S}$ is large enough and $Q_T\gg Q$, and we argue that perturbative
expansions are more stable and reliable in terms of the modified factorization
formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128636 </DOCNO>
Reliability of the dark matter clustering in cosmological N-body


  We critically examine the reliability of the dark matter clustering in
high-resolution cosmological $N$-body simulations on scales below the mean
separation length of particles. The particle discreteness effect imposes the
two fundamental limitations on those scales; the lack of the initial
fluctuation power and the finite mass resolution. We address this problem
applying the dark halo approach and are able to discuss separately how those
two limitations affect the dark matter clustering in $N$-body simulations at
early epochs. We find that limitations of the dark matter clustering are
primarily determined by the mass of particles. By a detailed comparison with
three major cosmological simulations, we also find that in order to reproduce a
proper amplitude of the dark matter clustering on small scales, halos with a
characteristic nonlinear mass, $M_{\rm NL}(z)$ defined by $\sigma_R(M_{\rm NL};
z)=1$, must be resolved in the simulation. This leads to a critical redshift
$z_{\rm crit}$ determined by $M_{\rm NL}(z_{\rm crit})=n_{\rm halo} m_{\rm
part}$ where $n_{\rm halo}$ is the number of particles necessary to resolve the
typical nonlinear mass halo ($\sim 10$). We conclude that, at least as far as
the two-point correlation functions are concerned, the dark matter clustering
in high-resolution $N$-body simulations on scales below the mean particle
separation is reliable down to the gravitational force resolution length only
for $z<z_{\rm crit}$, while it is strongly affected by the finite mass
resolution for $z>z_{\rm crit}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126995 </DOCNO>
ASCA Observations of the Central Regions of M31


  Using ASCA, spatially integrated X-ray spectra of the central regions of M31
were studied. Data were accumulated over three different circular regions, with
the radii of 3', 6' and 12', all centered on the nucleus. The spectra are
relatively similar among the three regions. In the energy range above 1.5 keV,
the spectra are reproduced by a combination of a disk black-body component and
a black-body component, implying that the emission mainly comes from an
assembly of low-mass X-ray binaries. In energies below 1.5 keV, the spectra
involves two additional softer components, expressed with thin-thermal plasma
emission models of temperatures ~ 0.9 keV and ~ 0.3 keV. Over the central 12'
(2.4 kpc) region and in the 0.5-10 keV energy band, the binary component has a
luminosity of 2.6 x 10^{39} erg/s, while the two softer components both exhibit
luminosities of ~ 2 x 10^{38} erg/s. These results are compared with those from
other missions, including Chandra and XMM-Newton in particular. Discussion is
made on the nature of the two softer spectral components besides the binary
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5846 </DOCNO>
Electronic States and Superconductivity in Multi-layer High-Tc Cuprates


  We study electronic states of multi-layer cuprates in the normal phases as
functions of the number of CuO_2 planes and the doping rate. The resonating
valence bond (RVB) wave function and the Gutzwiller approximation are used for
a two-dimensional multi-layer t-t'-t''-J model. We calculate the
electron-removal spectral functions at (\pi,0) in the CuO_2 plane next to the
surface to understand the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)
spectra. We find that the tri-layer spectrum is narrower than the bi-layer
spectrum but is wider than the mono-layer spectrum. In the tri- and tetra-layer
systems, the outer \cuo plane has different superconducting amplitude from the
inner CuO_2 plane, while each layer in the bi-layer systems has same amplitude.
The recent ARPES and NMR experiments are discussed in the light of the present
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123903 </DOCNO>
A new deuterium abundance measurement from a damped Ly-alpha system at


  We present the first D/H measurement in a damped Ly-alpha system at z_abs =
3.025 towards QSO 0347-3819 obtained from the UVES-VLT spectra. The DLA
absorber has a metallicity of [Zn/H] = -1.25 and a relatively simple velocity
structure, with two dominating components detected in several metal lines. The
hydrogen Lyman series can be followed down to Ly12 thanks to the high UV-Blue
efficiency of UVES. The best fit of the Lyman series lines, and in particular
of Ly5, Ly8, Ly10 and Ly12, relatively free of local contamination, is obtained
when the DI absorption is included in the two main components. The measured
deuterium column density yields D/H = (2.24+/-0.67) 10^{-5} close to other low
D/H values from Lyman limit systems. The corresponding values for the baryon to
photon ratio and the baryon density derived from D/H are eta = 6 10^{-10} and
Omega_b h^2 = 0.023 respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97009 </DOCNO>
Index and secondary index theory for flat bundles with duality


  We discuss some aspects of index and secondary index theory for flat bundles
with duality. This theory was first developed by J. Lott. Our main purpose in
the present paper is to provide a modification with better functorial
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124339 </DOCNO>
Discovery of X rays from Class 0 protostar candidates in OMC-3


  We have observed the Orion Molecular Clouds 2 and 3 (OMC-2 and OMC-3) with
the Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO). The northern part of OMC-3 is found to be
particularly rich in new X-ray features; four hard X-ray sources are located in
and along the filament of cloud cores. Two sources coincide positionally with
the sub$mm$-$mm$ dust condensations of MMS 2 and 3 or an outflow radio source
VLA 1, which are in a very early phase of star formation. The X-ray spectra of
these sources show an absorption column of (1-3) x 10^23 H cm-2. Assuming a
moderate temperature plasma, the X-ray luminosity in the 0.5-10 keV band is
estimated to be ~10^30 erg s^-1 at a distance of 450 pc. From the large
absorption, positional coincidence and moderate luminosity, we infer that the
hard X-rays are coming from very young stellar objects embedded in the
molecular cloud cores. We found another hard X-ray source near the edge of the
dust filament. The extremely high absorption of 3 x 10^23 H cm^-2 indicates
that the source must be surrounded by dense gas, suggesting that it is either a
YSO in an early accretion phase or a Type II AGN (e.g. a Seyfert 2), although
no counterpart is found at any other wavelength. In contrast to the hard X-ray
sources, soft X-ray sources are found spread around the dust filaments, most of
which are identified with IR sources in the T Tauri phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7345 </DOCNO>
Calculations on the Size Effects of Raman Intensities of Silicon Quantum


  Raman intensities of Si quantum dots (QDs) with up to 11,489 atoms (about 7.6
nm in diameter) for different scattering configurations are calculated. First,
phonon modes in these QDs, including all vibration frequencies and vibration
amplitudes, are calculated directly from the lattice dynamic matrix by using a
microscopic valence force field model combined with the group theory. Then the
Raman intensities of these quantum dots are calculated by using a
bond-polarizability approximation. The size effects of the Raman intensity in
these QDs are discussed in detail based on these calculations. The calculations
are compared with the available experimental observation. We are expecting that
our calculations can further stimulate more experimental measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123349 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Large Stellar Disks in Elliptical Galaxies


  High-resolution numerical simulations of galaxy mergers are analysed. The
global structure and isophotal shapes of the merger remnants are in good
agreement with the observations. Whereas equal-mass mergers lead to
anisotropic, boxy ellipticals, unequal-mass mergers result in disky and
isotropic systems. The line-of-sight velocity distributions show small
deviations from a Gaussian distribution. In all cases we find that the
retrograde wings are steeper and that the prograde wings are broader than a
Gaussian distribution. This is in contradiction with the observations which
show broader retrograde and steeper prograde wings in all ellipticals. This
fundamental difference between observation and theory can be explained if all
ellipticals, even anistropic boxy ones, contain extended stellar disk
components with luminosities of order 10 to 20 percent the total luminosity and
scale radii of order the effective radii of the spheroids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7564 </DOCNO>
Large Orbital Magnetic Moment and Coulomb Correlation effects in FeBr2


  We have performed an all-electron fully relativistic density functional
calculation to study the magnetic properties of FeBr2. We show for the first
time that the correlation effect enhances the contribution from orbital degrees
of freedom of $d$ electrons to the total magnetic moment on Fe$^{2+}$ as
opposed to common notion of nearly total quenching of the orbital moment on
Fe$^{2+}$ site. The insulating nature of the system is correctly predicted when
the Hubbard parameter U is included. Energy bands around the gap are very
narrow in width and originate from the localized Fe-3$d$ orbitals, which
indicates that FeBr2 is a typical example of the Mott insulator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127436 </DOCNO>
Slim Disk: Viscosity Prescriptions and Observational Implications


  We examine the effects of the different viscosity prescriptions and the
magnitude of the viscosity parameter, $\alpha$, on the structure of the slim
disk, and discuss the observational implications on accretion-flow into a
stellar-mass black hole. For the range of $\alpha = 10^{-2} \sim 10^{0}$ we
calculate the disk spectra and from spectral fitting we derive $\Tin$, maximum
temperature of the disk, $\Rin$, the size of the region emitting blackbody
radiation with $\Tin$, and $p\equiv -{\rm dln} T_{\rm eff}/{\rm dln}~r$, the
slope of the effective temperature distribution. It was founded that the
estimated $\Tin$ slightly increases as $\alpha$ increases. This is because the
larger the magnitude of viscosity is, the larger becomes the accretion velocity
and, hence, the more enhanced becomes advective energy transport, which means
less efficient radiative cooling and thus higher temperatures. Furthermore we
check different viscosity prescriptions with the form of the viscous stress
tensor of $t_{r \varphi} = -\alpha \beta^{\mu}p_{\rm total}$, where $\beta$ is
the ratio of gas pressure to total pressure, and $\mu$ is a parameter ($0 \le
\mu \le 1$). For $\mu=0$ we have previously found that as luminosity approaches
the Eddington, $L_{\rm E$, $\Rin$ decreases below 3$\rg$ (with $r_{\rm g}$
being Schwarzschild radius) and the effective temperature becomes flatter,
$T_{\rm eff} \propto r^{-1/2}$. Such a slim-disk nature does not appear when
$\mu$ is large, $\mu \sim 0.5$, even at $L_{\rm E}$. Hence, the temperature of
the innermost region of the disk sensitively depends on the $\mu$ value. We can
rule out the case with large $\mu~(\sim 0.5)$, since it will not be able to
produce a drop in $\Rin$ with an increase in luminosity as was observed in an
ultraluminous X-ray source, IC~342, source 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4062 </DOCNO>
Resonant X-Ray Scattering from the Quadrupolar Ordering Phase of CeB_6


  We theoretically investigate the origin of the resonant x-ray scattering
(RXS) signal near the Ce $L_{III}$ absorption edge in the quadrupolar ordering
phase of CeB$_6$, considering the intersite interaction between the $\Gamma_8$
states in the initial state. The anisotropic charge distribution of the $4f$
states modulates the $5d$ states through the intra-atomic Coulomb interaction
and thereby generates a large RXS superlattice intensity. The temperature and
magnetic field dependence indicates that the induced dipolar and octupolar
orders have little influence on the RXS spectra, in good agreement with the
recent experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3889 </DOCNO>
Intentional Walks on Scale Free Small Worlds


  We present a novel algorithm that generates scale free small world graphs
such as those found in the World Wide Web,social and metabolic networks. We use
the generated graphs to study the dynamics of a realistic search strategy on
the graphs, and find that they can be navigated in a very short number of
steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86776 </DOCNO>
Analytical approach to critical scalar field collapse in three


  In the quest of the critical solution for scalar field collapse in 2+1
gravity with a negative cosmological constant, we present a one parameter
family of solutions with continuous self similar (CSS) behaviour near the
central singularity. We also discuss linear perturbations on this background,
leading to black hole formation, and determine the critical exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74340 </DOCNO>
Experimental Status Report on Vector Meson Spectroscopy


  The experimental status of light vector meson spectroscopy is discussed. The
last results of $e^+e^-$ experiments obtained at the VEPP-2M collider in
Novosibirsk are described and the comparison with the old data in the mass
region from 1 GeV to 2.5 GeV is performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76787 </DOCNO>
Algebraic-Numerical Evaluation of Feynman Diagrams: Two-Loop


  A recently proposed scheme for numerical evaluation of Feynman diagrams is
extended to cover all two-loop two-point functions with arbitrary internal and
external masses. The adopted algorithm is a modification of the one proposed by
F. V. Tkachov and it is based on the so-called generalized Bernstein functional
relation. On-shell derivatives of self-energies are also considered and their
infrared properties analyzed to prove that the method which is aimed to a
numerical evaluation of massive diagrams can handle the infrared problem within
the scheme of dimensional regularization. Particular care is devoted to study
the general massive diagrams around their leading and non-leading Landau
singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96565 </DOCNO>
A Fourier transform for Higgs bundles


  We define a Fourier-Mukai transform for Higgs bundles on smooth curves and
study its properties. It is shown that the transform of a stable zero-degree
Higgs bundle is an algebraic vector bundle on the cotangent bundle of the
Jacobian of the curve. We show that this transformed bundle admits a natural
extension to an algebraic vector bundle over a projective compactification of
the base. The main result is that the original Higgs bundle can be
reconstructed from this extension. We also compute certain invariants of the
transformed bundle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168261 </DOCNO>
Equivalent classes of closed three-level systems


  In recent years a significant amount of research in quantum optics has been
devoted to the analysis of atomic three-level systems and for many physical
quantities the same effects have been predicted for different configurations.
These configurations can be split into essentially two classes. One for which
the system contains a metastable state and another where the system has two
close-lying levels and coherence effects become important. We demonstrate when
and why for a wide range of parameters these two classes are in fact equivalent
for many important physical quantities. A unified picture underlying a large
body of work on these categories of atomic three-level systems is presented and
applied to some examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86726 </DOCNO>
Retarded radiation from colliding black holes in the close limit


  We use null hypersurface techniques in a new approach to calculate the
retarded waveform from a binary black hole merger in the close approximation.
The process of removing ingoing radiation from the system leads to two notable
features in the shape of the close approximation waveform for a head-on
collision of black holes: (i) an initial quasinormal ringup and (ii) weak
sensitivity to the parameter controlling the collision velocity. Feature (ii)
is unexpected and has the potential importance of enabling the design of an
efficient template for extracting the gravitational wave signal from the noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 775 </DOCNO>
Which nanowire couples better electrically to a metal contact: armchair


  The fundamental question of how chirality affects the electronic coupling of
a nanotube to metal contacts is important for the application of nanotubes as
nanowires. We show that metallic-zigzag nanotubes are superior to armchair
nanotubes as nanowires, by modeling the metal-nanotube interface. More
specifically, we show that as a function of coupling strength, the total
electron transmission of armchair nanotubes increases and tends to be pinned
close to unity for a metal with Fermi wave vector close to that of gold. In
contrast, the total transmission of zigzag nanotubes increases to the maximum
possible value of two. The origin of these effects lies in the details of the
wave function, which is explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148719 </DOCNO>
Wilson Loop and Dimensional Reduction in Non-Commutative Gauge Theories


  Using the AdS/CFT correspondence we study UV behavior of Wilson loops in
various noncommutative gauge theories. We get an area law in most cases and try
to identify its origin. In D3 case, we may identify the the origin as the D1
dominance over the D3: as we go to the boundary of the AdS space, the effect of
the flux of the D3 charge is highly suppressed, while the flux due to the D1
charge is enhenced. So near the boundary the theory is more like a theory on D1
brane than that on D3 brane. This phenomena is closely related to the
dimensional reduction due to the strong magnetic field in the charged particle
in the magnetic field. The linear potential is not due to the confinement by IR
effect but is the analogue of Coulomb's potential in 1+1 dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124156 </DOCNO>
The X-ray emission from Nova V382 Velorum: I. The hard component


  We present BeppoSAX observations of Nova Velorum 1999 (V382 Vel), done in a
broad X-ray band covering 0.1-300 keV only 15 days after the discovery and
again after 6 months. The nova was detected at day 15 with the BeppoSAX
instruments in the energy range 1.8-10 keV and we attribute the emission to
shocks in the ejecta. The plasma temperature was kT~6 keV and the unabsorbed
flux was F(x)~4.3 x 10(-11) erg/cm**2/s. The nebular material was affected by
high intrinsic absorption of the ejecta. 6 months after after the outburst, the
intrinsic absorption did not play a role, the nova had turned into a bright
supersoft source, and the hot nebular component previously detected had cooled
to a plasma temperature kT<=1 keV. No emission was detected in either
observation above 20 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4632 </DOCNO>
Configuration space connectivity across the fragile to strong transition


  We present a numerical analysis for SiO_2 of the fraction of diffusive
direction f_diff for temperatures T on both sides of the fragile-to-strong
crossover. The T-dependence of f_diff clearly reveals this change in dynamical
behavior. We find that for T above the crossover (fragile region) the system is
always close to ridges of the potential energy surface (PES), while below the
crossover (strong region), the system mostly explores the PES local minima.
Despite this difference, the power law dependence of f_diff on the diffusion
constant, as well as the power law dependence of f_diff on the configurational
entropy, shows no change at the fragile to strong crossover.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127804 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelenght analysis of Gl 355 (LQ Hya)


  We discuss ROSAT, ASCA, {\it Beppo}SAX and optical observations of the young
active star Gl 355. During the ROSAT observation a strong flare was detected
with a peak flux more than an order of magnitude larger than the quiescent
level. Spectral analysis of the data allows us to study the temperature and
emission measure distribution, and the coronal metal abundance, for the
quiescent phase and, in the case of ROSAT, also during the evolution of the
flare. We have modeled the flare and derived a loop semi--length of the order
of $\sim 1.5$ stellar radii. ROSAT, ASCA and {\it Beppo}SAX data suggest that
the coronal abundance of Gl 355 is subsolar, in the range $0.1 \div 0.3
Z/Z_\odot$. A preliminary analysis of optical spectra allows us to compare the
photospheric and coronal metal abundances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128439 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the solar cycle and core rotation using 15 years of Mark-I


  High quality observations of the low-degree acoustic modes (p-modes) exist
for almost two complete solar cycles using the solar spectrophotometer Mark-I,
located at the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife, Spain) and operating now as
part of the Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON). We have performed a
Fourier analysis of 30 calibrated time-series of one year duration covering a
total period of 15 years between 1984 and 1999. Applying different techniques
to the resulting power spectra, we study the signature of the solar activity
changes on the low-degree p-modes. We show that the variation of the central
frequencies and the total velocity power (TVP) changes. A new method of
simultaneous fit is developed and a special effort has been made to study the
frequency-dependence of the frequency shift. The results confirm a variation of
the central frequencies of acoustic modes of about 450 nHz, peak-to-peak, on
average for low degree modes between 2.5 and 3.7 mHz. The TVP is
anti-correlated with the common activity indices with a decrease of about 20%
between the minimum and the maximum of solar cycle 22. The results are compared
with those obtained for intermediate degrees, using the LOWL data. The
frequency shift is found to increase with the degree with a weak l-dependence
similar to that of the inverse mode mass. This verifies earlier suggestions
that near surface effects are predominant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72770 </DOCNO>
Effective Field Theory Dimensional Regularization


  A Lorentz-covariant regularization scheme for effective field theories with
an arbitrary number of propagating heavy and light particles is given. This
regularization scheme leaves the low-energy analytic structure of Greens
functions intact and preserves all the symmetries of the underlying Lagrangian.
The power divergences of regularized loop integrals are controlled by the
low-energy kinematic variables. Simple diagrammatic rules are derived for the
regularization of arbitrary one-loop graphs and the generalization to higher
loops is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97305 </DOCNO>
Hyperholomorpic connections on coherent sheaves and stability


  Let $M$ be a hyperkaehler manifold, and $F$ a torsion-free and reflexive
coherent sheaf on $M$. Assume that $F$ (outside of its singularities) admits a
connection with a curvature which is invariant under the standard SU(2)-action
on 2-forms. If the curvature is square-integrable, then $F$ is stable and its
singularities are hyperkaehler subvarieties in $M$. Such sheaves (called
hyperholomorphic sheaves) are well understood. In the present paper, we study
sheaves admitting a connection with SU(2)-invariant curvature which is not
necessarily square-integrable. This situation arises often, for instance, when
one deals with higher direct images of holomorphic bundles. We show that such
sheaves are stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5234 </DOCNO>
Effective field theories for disordered systems from the logarithmic


  We consider a spinless particle moving in a random potential on a
d-dimensional torus. Introducing the gradient of the logarithm of the
wave-function transforms the time independent Schroedinger equation into a
stochastic differential equation with the random potential acting as the
source. Using this as our starting point we write functional integral
representations for the disorder averaged density of states, the two point
correlator of the absolute value of the wave-function as well as the
conductivity for a d-dimensional system. We use the well studied one
dimensional system with Gaussian disorder to illustrate that these quantities
can be computed reliably in the current formalism by using standard
approximation techniques. We also indicate the possibility of including
magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169406 </DOCNO>
Path integral for a pair of time-dependent coupled and driven


  The propagator for a certain class of two time-dependent coupled and driven
harmonic oscillators with time-varying angular frequencies and masses is
evaluated by path integration. This is simply done through suitably chosen
generalized canonical transformations and without presupposing the knownledge
of any auxiliary equation. The time-dependent oscillators system with an
exponentially growing masses and coupling coefficient in time may be considered
as particular case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1437 </DOCNO>
Effect of Li doping on structure and superconducting transition


  We report the preparation of Mg1-xLixB2 compounds. Nearly single phased
samples were obtained for x<0.3. The in-plane lattice parameter a decreases
with Li doping, while the lattice parameter c does not show obvious change. The
superconducting transition temperature of Mg1-xLixB2 decreases with Li doping
and loss of superconductivity occurs for x=0.5 sample. The results of our work
are consistent with the prediction of the hole superconductivity mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179463 </DOCNO>
Isoscalar-Isovector Interferences in $\pi N \to N e^+ e^-$ Reactions as


  The isoscalar-isovector ($\rho-\omega$) interferences in the exclusive
reactions $\pi^- p \to n e^+ e^-$ and $\pi^+ n \to p e^+ e^-$ near the $\omega$
threshold leads to a distinct difference of the dielectron invariant mass
distributions depending on beam energy. The strength of this effect is
determined by the coupling of resonances to the nucleon vector-meson channels
and other resonance properties. Therefore, a combined analysis of these
reactions can be used as a tool for determining the baryon resonance dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 904 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structure of Mott Insulators Studied by Inelastic X-ray


  The electronic structure of Mott insulators continues to be a major unsolved
problem in physics despite more than half-century of intense research efforts.
Well-developed momentum-resolved spectroscopies such as photoemission or
neutron scattering cannot probe the full Mott gap. We report observation of
dispersive charge excitations across the Mott gap in a high Tc parent cuprate
Ca2CuO2Cl2 using high resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering shedding
light on the anisotropy of Mott-gap. The results provide direct support for the
Hubbard model to describe charge excitations across the Mott gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123626 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Free Precession in the Pulsar B1642-03


  We present an analysis of the timing data of the pulsar B1642-03, collected
over a span of 30 years between 1969 and 1999. During this interval, the timing
residuals exhibit cyclical changes with amplitude varying from 15 ms to 80 ms
and spacing of maxima varying from 3 years to 7 years. Interpretation of these
observed cyclical changes in terms of free precession suggests a wobble angle
of about 0.8 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6569 </DOCNO>
Coupled Aggregation and Sedimentation Processes: Three Dimensional


  Coupled aggregation and sedimentation processes were studied by means of
three dimensional computer simulations. For this purpose, a large prism with no
periodic boundary conditions for the sedimentation direction was considered.
Furthermore, three equally sized and mutually excluded regions were defined
inside the prism, a top, a middle and a bottom region. This allows to study the
time evolution of the cluster size distribution and the cluster structure
separately for each region. The mass distribution profile and the center of
mass position were also accessed as a function of time. For the bottom region,
the effects of the sediment formation on the kinetics of growth and on the
cluster structure were clearly observed. The obtained results not only agree
with the experimental data obtained by Allain et. al. and with the simulations
made by Gonzalez but also allow to gain further insight in the details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76333 </DOCNO>
Higgs Boson Production Rates in Hadronic Collisions


  Higgs boson production rates at hadron colliders are reviewed with particular
emphasis on progress in the calculation of higher order QCD effects. Emphasis
is placed on the uncertainties in the predictions for Higgs boson production. A
firm understanding of these uncertainties is crucial for extracting new physics
signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6505 </DOCNO>
Local-field distribution in resonant composites: Green's-function


  The effective response depends sensitively on composite microstructure due to
large fluctuations in the local electric field. For metallic clusters embedded
in a dielectric host, the local field distributions are extremely inhomogeneous
in space around the metallic clusters due to quasi-static resonance, leading to
a large enhancement in the effective linear and nonlinear responses. In this
work, we propose a general method for computing the electric field of metallic
clusters near resonance via a perturbation formalism. We illustrate the method
by simple examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150090 </DOCNO>
Orientifolds and Slumps in G_2 and Spin(7) Metrics


  We discuss some new metrics of special holonomy, and their roles in string
theory and M-theory. First we consider Spin(7) metrics denoted by C_8, which
are complete on a complex line bundle over CP^3. The principal orbits are S^7,
described as a triaxially squashed S^3 bundle over S^4. The behaviour in the
S^3 directions is similar to that in the Atiyah-Hitchin metric, and we show how
this leads to an M-theory interpretation with orientifold D6-branes wrapped
over S^4. We then consider new G_2 metrics which we denote by C_7, which are
complete on an R^2 bundle over T^{1,1}, with principal orbits that are
S^3\times S^3. We study the C_7 metrics using numerical methods, and we find
that they have the remarkable property of admitting a U(1) Killing vector whose
length is nowhere zero or infinite. This allows one to make an everywhere
non-singular reduction of an M-theory solution to give a solution of the type
IIA theory. The solution has two non-trivial S^2 cycles, and both carry
magnetic charge with respect to the R-R vector field. We also discuss some
four-dimensional hyper-Kahler metrics described recently by Cherkis and
Kapustin, following earlier work by Kronheimer. We show that in certain cases
these metrics, whose explicit form is known only asymptotically, can be related
to metrics characterised by solutions of the su(\infty) Toda equation, which
can provide a way of studying their interior structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97647 </DOCNO>
A natural symplectic form for every field theory


  In this article,a natural symplectic form on the natural first-order
configuration space associated to the fiber bundle of a given field theory is
constructed. Although the form is in general not strongly symplectic, in the
case of a vector bundle it gives rise to a Poisson bracket on a dense subspace
of the differentiable probability distributions on this space. If one applies
this to a local field theory whose Lagrangian's kinetic term is a nondegenerate
bilinear form on the total space, then the corresponding Poisson bracket
produces the usual commutation relations between position and momentum
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149432 </DOCNO>
Quintessence with a localized scalar field on the brane


  We study issues of the quintessence in the brane cosmology. The initial bulk
spacetime consists of two 5D topological anti de Sitter black hole joined by
the brane (moving domain wall). Here we do not introduce any conventional
radiation and matter. Instead we include a localized scalar on the brane as a
stress-energy tensor, and thus we find the quintessence which gives an
accelerating universe. Importantly, we obtain a $\rho^2$-term as well as a
holographic matter term of $\alpha/a^4$ from the masses of the topological
black holes. We discuss a possibility that in the early universe, $\rho^2$-term
makes a large kinetic term which induces a decelerating universe. This may
provide a hint of avoiding from the perpetually accelerating universe of the
present-day quintessence. If a holographic matter term exists, it will plays
the role of a CFT-radiation in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124322 </DOCNO>
Induced Gravity Model Based on External Impinging Neutrinos: Calculation


  Herein, we present a particle-based mechanism and mathematical formulation of
gravity, focusing on the neutrino as the gravity-inducing particle. The
mechanism is based on the primacy of momentum conservation and postulates an
omni-directional distribution throughout the universe of fast small particles
of finite mass that have a low probability of colliding with nucleons. The
measured acceleration between two neighboring mass bodies results from an
alteration of this distribution caused by nucleons of each body interacting
with some of those particles. Based on findings establishing that the neutrino
has mass, we evaluate the various neutrinos as external particle candidates. We
show that for mass quantities up to several times that of the sun the form of
the time rate of momentum transfer to each body is proportional to the product
of the two body masses because of the probability nature of any collision
process, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
because of the mathematical properties of an altered particle flux. A derived
expression involving the neutrino momentum flux, the neutrino-nucleon collision
cross section, and the nucleon mass replaces the constant G from the classical
gravitational model. The neutrino momentum flux that is required to account for
gravity is so large as to cause us herein to re-evaluate conventional notions
in kinematics and the cause of inertial properties and to examine
neutrino-nucleon collisions as a possible source of electromagnetic standing
waves essential to establish electron shell states. This reasoning indicates
that in a much more massive body that is accreting mass, a coulombic collapse
to a black hole will ensue when external neutrinos lose the ability to
penetrate in sufficient numbers to the central region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127201 </DOCNO>
Warm Ionized Gas on the Outskirts of Active and Star-Forming Galaxies


  The preliminary results from a deep emission-line search for warm ionized
material in the halos of nearby active and star-forming galaxies are presented.
The origin of this gas is discussed in the context of galaxy formation and
evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123914 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Radio Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift


  We describe a new estimate of the radio galaxy 1.4 GHz luminosity function
and its evolution at intermediate redshifts (z~0.4). Photometric redshifts and
color selection have been used to select Bj<23.5 early-type galaxies from the
Panoramic Deep Fields, a multicolor survey of two 25 sq deg fields.
Approximately 230 radio galaxies have then been selected by matching early-type
galaxies with NVSS radio sources brighter than 5 mJy. Estimates of the 1.4 GHz
luminosity function of radio galaxies measure significant evolution over the
observed redshift range. For an Omega_M=1 cosmology the evolution of the radio
power is consistent with luminosity evolution where P(z)=P(0)(1+z)^{k_L} and
3<k_L<5. The observed evolution is similar to that observed for UVX and X-ray
selected AGN and is consistent with the same physical process being responsible
for the optical and radio luminosity evolution of AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74859 </DOCNO>
A Braneworld Universe From Colliding Bubbles


  Much work has been devoted to the phenomenology and cosmology of the
so-called braneworld universe, where our (3+1)-dimensional universe lies on a
brane surrounded by a (4+1)-dimensional bulk spacetime that is essentially
empty except for a negative cosmological constant and the various modes
associated with gravity. For such a braneworld cosmology, the difficulty of
justifying some preferred initial conditions inevitably arises. The various
proposals for inflation restricted to the brane only partially explain the
homogeneity and isotropy of the resulting braneworld universe because the
homogeneity and isotropy of the bulk must be assumed. We propose a mechanism by
which a brane surrounded by AdS space arises naturally so that the homogeneity
and isotropy of both the brane and the bulk are guaranteed. We postulate an
initial false vacuum phase of (4+1)-dimensional Minkowski or de Sitter space
subsequently decaying to a true vacuum of anti-de Sitter space, assumed
discretely degenerate. This decay takes place through bubble nucleation. When
two bubbles of the true AdS vacuum collide, a brane (or domain wall) inevitably
forms between the two AdS phases. We live on this brane. The SO(3,1) symmetry
of the collision geometry ensures the three-dimensional spatial homogeneity and
isotropy of the universe on the brane as well as of the bulk. In the
semi-classical limit, this symmetry is exact. We sketch how the leading quantum
corrections translate into cosmological perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113628 </DOCNO>
A Large Area Timing RPC


  A large area Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) with a total active surface of
160x10 cm2 was built and tested. The surface was segmented in two 5 cm wide
strips readout on both ends with custom, very high frequency, front end
electronics.
  A timing resolution between 50 and 75 ps sigma with an efficiency for Minimum
Ionizing Particles (MIPs) larger than 95% was attained over the whole active
area, in addition with a position resolution along the strips of 1.2 cm.
  Despite the large active area per electronic channel, the observed timing
resolution is remarkably close to the one previously obtained (50 ps sigma)
with much smaller chambers of about 10 cm2 area. These results open
perspectives of extending the application of timing RPCs to large area arrays
exposed to moderate particle multiplicities, where the low cost, good time
resolution, insensitivity to the magnetic field and compact mechanics may be
attractive when compared with the standard scintillator-based Time-of-Flight
(TOF) technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150144 </DOCNO>
Deformed Chern-Simons interaction for nonrelativistic point particles


  We deform the interaction between nonrelativistic point particles on a plane
and a Chern-Simons field to obtain an action invariant with respect to
time-dependent area-preserving diffeomorphisms. The deformed and undeformed
Lagrangians are connected by a point transformation leading to a classical
Seiberg-Witten map between the corresponding gauge fields. The Schroedinger
equation derived by means of Moyal-Weyl quantization from the effective
two-particle interaction exhibits - a singular metric, leading to a splitting
of the plane into an interior (bag-) and an exterior region, - a singular
potential (quantum correction) with singularities located at the origin and at
the edge of the bag. We list some properties of the solutions of the radial
Schroedinger equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127502 </DOCNO>
Where May Ultra-Fast Rotating Neutron Stars Be Hidden?


  The existence of ultra-fast rotating neutron stars (spin period P < 1 ms) is
expected on the basis of current models for the secular evolution of
interacting binaries, though they have not been detected yet. Their formation
depends on the quantity of matter accreted by the neutron star which, in turn,
is limited by the mechanism of mass ejection from the binary. An efficient mass
ejection can avoid the formation of ultra-fast pulsars or their accretion
induced collapse to a black hole. We propose that significant reductions of the
mass-transfer rate may cause the switch-on of a radio pulsar phase, whose
radiation pressure may be capable of ejecting out of the system most of the
matter transferred by the companion. This can prevent, for long orbital periods
and if a sufficiently fast spin has been reached, any further accretion, even
if the original transfer rate is restored, thus limiting the minimum spin
period attainable by the neutron star. We show that close systems (orbital
periods P_orb \sim 1 hr are the only possible hosts for ultra-fast spinning
neutron stars. This could explain why ultra-fast radio pulsars have not been
detected so far, as the detection of pulsars with very short spin periods in
close systems is hampered, in current radio surveys, by strong Doppler
modulation and computational limitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149249 </DOCNO>
Operator Product Expansion in Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory


  In logarithmic conformal field theory, primary fields come together with
logarithmic partner fields on which the stress-energy tensor acts
non-diagonally. Exploiting this fact and global conformal invariance of two-
and three-point functions, operator product expansions of logarithmic operators
in arbitrary rank logarithmic conformal field theory are investigated. Since
the precise relationship between logarithmic operators and their primary
partners is not yet sufficiently understood in all cases, the derivation of
operator product expansion formulae is only possible under certain assumptions.
The easiest cases are studied in this paper: firstly, where operator product
expansions of two primaries only contain primary fields, secondly, where the
primary fields are pre-logarithmic operators. Some comments on generalization
towards more relaxed assumptions are made, in particular towards the case where
logarithmic fields are not quasi-primary. We identify an algebraic structure
generated by the zero modes of the fields, which proves useful in determining
settings in which our approach can be successfully applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124068 </DOCNO>
Implications of the BOOMERANG and MAXIMA-I results for the Baryon Mass


  Recent BOOMERANG and MAXIMA-I analyses of the angular power spectrum of the
Cosmic Microwave Background put more stringent constraints on the cosmological
parameters. I show that these constraints are consistent with the observed
baryon budget in clusters of galaxies, allowing any further contribution to
this budget from baryons not in stars and not X-ray emitting to be less than 14
per cent at the 90 per cent level of confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75560 </DOCNO>
Single Spin Asymmetry Parameter from Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering


  The study of deeply virtual Compton scattering has shown that electromagnetic
gauge invariance requires, to leading order, not only twist two but additional
twist three contributions. We apply this analysis and, using the
Ellis-Furmanski-Petronzio factorization scheme, compute the single (electron)
spin asymmetry arising in the collision of longitudinally polarized electrons
with hadrons up to twist 3 accuracy. In order to simplify the kinematics we
restrict the actual calculation to pions in the chiral limit. The process is
described in terms of the generalized parton distribution functions which we
obtain within a bag model framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72892 </DOCNO>
How to model Bose-Einstein correlations


  We propose new algorithm for numerical modelling of Bose-Einstein
correlations (BEC). It is based on the fact that identical particles subjected
to BEC do, by definition, bunch themselves in a maximal possible way,
restricted only by conservation laws, in the same cells in phase-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125827 </DOCNO>
Horizontal-Branch Models and the Second-Parameter Effect. IV. The Case


  We present a detailed analysis of the "second-parameter pair" of globular
clusters M3 (NGC 5272) and Palomar 3. Our main results can be summarized as
follows: i) The horizontal-branch (HB) morphology of M3 is significantly bluer
in its inner regions (observed with the Hubble Space Telescope) than in the
cluster outskirts (observed from the ground), i.e., M3 has an internal second
parameter. Most plausibly the mass loss on the red giant branch (RGB) has been
more efficient in the inner than in the outer regions of the cluster. ii) The
dispersion in mass of the Pal 3 HB is found to be very small -- consistent with
zero -- and we argue that this is unlikely to be due to a statistical
fluctuation. It is this small mass dispersion that leads to the most apparent
difference in the HB morphologies of M3 and Pal 3. iii) The relative HB types
of M3 and Pal 3, as measured by mean colors or parameters involving the number
of blue, variable, and red HB stars, can easily be accounted for by a fairly
small difference in age between these clusters, of order 0.5-1 Gyr -- which is
in good agreement with the relative age measurement, based on the clusters'
turnoffs, by VandenBerg (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149261 </DOCNO>
Spacetime Supersymmetry in a nontrivial NS-NS Superstring Background


  In this paper we consider superstring propagation in a nontrivial NS-NS
background. We deform the world sheet stress tensor and supercurrent with an
infinitesimal B_{\mu\nu} field. We construct the gauge-covariant super-Poincare
generators in this background and show that the B_{\mu\nu} field spontaneously
breaks spacetime supersymmetry. We find that the gauge-covariant spacetime
momenta cease to commute with each other and with the spacetime supercharges.
We construct a set of "magnetic" super-Poincare generators that are conserved
for constant field strength H_{\mu\nu\lambda}, and show that these generators
obey a "magnetic" extension of the ordinary supersymmetry algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125124 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Reionization


  The universe was reionized by redshift z ~ 6 by a small fraction of the
baryons in the universe, which released energy following their condensation out
of a cold, dark, and neutral IGM into the earliest galaxies. The theory of this
reionization is a critical missing link in the theory of galaxy formation. Its
numerous observable consequences include effects on the spectrum, anisotropy
and polarization of the cosmic microwave background and signatures of
high-redshift star and quasar formation. This energy release also created
feedback on galaxy formation which left its imprint on the mass spectrum and
internal characteristics of galaxies and on the gas between galaxies long after
reionization was complete. Recent work suggests that the photoevaporation of
dwarf galaxy minihalos may have consumed most of the photons required to
reionize the currently-favored Lambda-CDM universe. We will review recent
developments in our understanding of this process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98921 </DOCNO>
An affine PI Hopf algebra not finite over a normal commutative Hopf


  In formulating a generalized framework to study certain noncommutative
algebras naturally arising in representation theory, K. A. Brown asked if every
finitely generated Hopf algebra satisfying a polynomial identity was finite
over a normal commutative Hopf subalgebra. In this note we show that Radford's
biproduct, applied to the enveloping algebra of the Lie superalgebra pl(1,1),
provides a noetherian prime counterexample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85809 </DOCNO>
Choptuik Scaling and Quasinormal Modes in the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We establish an exact connection between the Choptuik scaling parameter for
the three-dimensional BTZ black hole, and the imaginary part of the quasinormal
frequencies for scalar perturbations. Via the AdS/CFT correspondence, this
leads to an interpretation of Choptuik scaling in terms of the timescale for
return to equilibrium of the dual conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125127 </DOCNO>
Coronal structure geometries on pre-main sequence stars


  We have re-analyzed using a hydrodynamic model large flaring events on three
different categories of pre-main sequence (PMS) stars: the young stellar object
(YSO) YLW 15, the classical T Tauri star (CTTS) LkHalpha92, the weak-line T
Tauri star (WTTS) V773 Tau, and the WTTS HD 283572 (the first three objects
were observed by ASCA, the last by ROSAT; all have been previously reported in
the literature). The first three flares were previously analyzed on the basis
of the quasi-static model mostly used up to now, consistently yielding large
loops (L >= R*) and no evidence of sustained heating. Our hydrodynamic modeling
approach, however, shows that the size of the flaring regions must be much
smaller (L <=R*) and moreover this method shows in all cases evidence of
vigorous sustained heating during the flare decay, so that the decay of the
observed light curve actually reflects the temporal profile of the heating
rather than that of the free decay of the heated loop(s). The events on the
protostar YLW 15 have durations comparable to the stellar rotation period, so
that their limited size and their lack of self-eclipses give evidence of a
polar location on the star. This is in contrast with the recently advanced
hypothesis that these flares are due to long loops spanning the region between
the star and the accretion disk. In general, the present analysis shows that
flaring coronae on PMS stars have a structure similar to the coronae on older
active stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97628 </DOCNO>
Self-duality, four-forms, and the eight-dimensional


  Utilizing a number of results of Dittmann, we investigate the nature of the
Yang-Mills field over the eight-dimensional convex set, endowed with the Bures
metric, of three-level quantum systems. Parallelling the decomposition of
eight-dimensional Euclidean fields by Corrigan, Devchand, Fairlie and Nuyts, as
well as Figueoroa-O'Farrill and others, we investigate the properties of
self-dual and anti-self-dual four-forms corresponding specifically to our
Bures/non-Euclidean context. For any of a number of (nondegenerate) 3 x 3
density matrices, we are able to solve the eigenequation of the associated
Hodge * operator with respect to the Bures metric. We obtain sets of
(traceless) twenty-eight real eigenvalues, consisting of four singlets and
three octets. The associated four-forms are found to exhibit quite simple
behaviors, though we are not able to derive them in full generality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123964 </DOCNO>
The radial pulsation of AI Aurigae


  We present an analysis of eleven years of Stromgren by photometry of the red
semiregular variable star AI Aurigae. An early period determination of 63.9
days is confirmed by the long-term light curve behaviour. The light curve shows
semi-regular changes with a mean period of 65 days reaching an amplitude of 0.6
mag in some cycles. The b-y colour changes perfectly parallel the V light
curve, suggesting radial oscillation to be the main reason for the observed
variations. We estimate the main characteristics of the star (mass, radius,
effective temperature) that suggest radial pulsation in fundamental or first
overtone mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128163 </DOCNO>
Automated classification of variable stars for ASAS data


  With the advent of surveys generating multi-epoch photometry and their
discoveries of large numbers of variable stars, the classification of the
obtained times series has to be automated. We have developed a classification
algorithm for the periodic variable stars using a Bayesian classifier on a
Fourier decomposition of the light curve. This algorithm is applied to ASAS
(All Sky Automated Survey, Pojmanski 2000). In the case of ASAS, 85% of
variable objects are red giants. A remarkable relation between their period and
amplitude is found for a large fraction of those stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3846 </DOCNO>
Metal-to-insulator transition and magnetic ordering in CaRu_{1-x}Cu_xO_3


  CaRuO_3 is perovskite with an orthorhombic distortion and is believed to be
close to magnetic ordering. Magnetic studies of single crystal and
polycrystalline CaRu_{1-x}Cu_xO_3 (0\le x \le 15 at.%Cu) reveal that
spin-glass-like transition develops for x\le 7 at.%Cu and obtained value for
effective magnetic moment p_{eff}=3.55 mu_B for x=5 at.% Cu, single crystal,
indicates presence of Ru^{5+}. At higher Cu concentrations more complex
magnetic behaviors are observed. Electrical resistivity measured on
polycrystalline samples shows metal-to-insulator transition (MIT) at 51 K for
only 2 at.% Cu. Charge compensation, which is assumed to be present upon
Cu^{2+/3+} substitution, induces appearance of Ru^{5+} and/or creation of
oxygen vacancies in crystal structure. Since the observed changes in physical
properties are completely attributable to the charge compensation, they cannot
be related to behaviors of pure compound where no such mechanism is present.
This study provides the criterion for "good" chemical probes for studying
Ru-based perovskites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81074 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the Gribov Problem in Direct Maximal Center Gauge


  We review the equivalence of maximal center gauge fixing to the problem of
finding the best fit, to a given lattice gauge field, by a thin vortex
configuration. This fit is necessarily worst at the location of P-plaquettes.
We then compare the fits achieved in Gribov copies generated by (i)
over-relaxation; (ii) over-relaxation after Landau gauge preconditioning; and
(iii) simulated annealing. Simulated annealing yields the best fit if all links
on the lattice are included, but the situation changes if we consider only the
lattice volume exterior to P-plaquettes. In this exterior region, the fit is
best for Gribov copies generated by over-relaxation, and worst for Gribov
copies generated after Landau gauge preconditioning. The two fitting criteria
(including or not including the P-plaquettes) yield string tensions differing
by -34% to +20% respectively, relative to the full string tension. Our usual
procedure (``quenched minimization'') seems to be a compromise between these
criteria, and yields string tensions at an intermediate value close to the full
string tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1528 </DOCNO>
Quantum dots with two electrons: Singlet-triplet transitions


  The magnetic character of the ground-state of two electrons on a double
quantum dot, connected in series to left and right single-channel leads, is
considered. By solving exactly for the spectrum of the two interacting
electrons, it is found that the coupling to the continuum of propagating states
on the leads, in conjunction with the electron-electron interactions, may
result in a delocalization of the bound state of the two electrons. This, in
turn, reduces significantly the range of the Coulomb interaction parameters
over which singlet-triplet transitions can be realized. It is also found that
the coupling to the leads favors the singlet ground-state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124656 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Relativistic Binary Progenitor Systems


  Relativistic binary pulsars, such as B1534+12 and B1913+16 are characterized
by having close orbits with a binary separation of ~ 3 R_\sun. The progenitor
of such a system is a neutron star, helium star binary. The helium star, with a
strong stellar wind, is able to spin up its compact companion via accretion.
The neutron star's magnetic field is then lowered to observed values of about
10^{10} Gauss. As the pulsar lifetime is inversely proportional to its magnetic
field, the possibility of observing such a system is, thus, enhanced by this
type of evolution. We will show that a nascent (Crab-like) pulsar in such a
system can, through accretion-braking torques (i.e. the "propeller effect") and
wind-induced spin-up rates, reach equilibrium periods that are close to
observed values. Such processes occur within the relatively short helium star
lifetimes. Additionally, we find that the final outcome of such evolutionary
scenarios depends strongly on initial parameters, particularly the initial
binary separation and helium star mass. It is, indeed, determined that the
majority of such systems end up in the pulsar "graveyard", and only a small
fraction are strongly recycled. This fact might help to reconcile theoretically
expected birth rates with limited observations of relativistic binary pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124295 </DOCNO>
Lensing Properties of Scale-Free Galaxies


  The multiple images of lensed quasars provide evidence on the mass
distribution of the lensing galaxy. The lensing invariants are constructed from
the positions of the images, their parities and their fluxes. They depend only
on the structure of the lensing potential. The simplest is the magnification
invariant, which is the sum of the signed magnifications of the images. Higher
order invariants are the sums of products of the signed magnifications with
positive or negative powers of the position coordinates of the images. We
consider the case of the four and five image systems produced by elliptical
power-law galaxies. This paper provides simple contour integrals for evaluating
all their lensing invariants. For practical evaluation, this offers
considerable advantages over the algebraic methods used previously. To
illustrate the power of the contour integral method, we calculate full
expansions in the source offset for all lensing invariants in the presence of
arbitrary external shear. As an example, we use the elliptical power-law
galaxies to fit to the data on the four images of the Einstein Cross
(G2237+030). The lensing invariants play a role by reducing the dimensionality
of the parameter space in which the chi-squared minimisation proceeds with
consequent gains in accuracy and speed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96401 </DOCNO>
Dual Connections in Nonparametric Classical Information Geometry


  We show how to obtain the mixture connection in an infinite dimensional
information manifold and prove that it is dual to the exponential connection
with respect to the Fisher information. We also define the alpha-connections
and prove that they are convex mixtures of the extremal (+1) and
(-1)-connections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1530 </DOCNO>
Single hole motion in LaMnO$_3$


  We study single hole motion in LaMnO$_3$ using the classical approximation
for JT lattice distortions, a modified Lang-Firsov approximation for dynamical
breathing-mode phonons, and the self-consistent Born approximation (verified by
exact diagonalization) for hole-orbital-excitation scattering. We show that in
the realistic parameter space for LaMnO$_3$, quantum effects of electron-phonon
interaction are small. The quasiparticle bandwidth $W \simeq 2.2J$ in the
purely orbital t-J model. It is strikingly broadened to be of order $t$ by
strong static Jahn-Teller lattice distortions even when the polaronic band
narrowing is taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85882 </DOCNO>
On the linear stability of solitons and hairy black holes with a


  Using a recently developed perturbation formalism based on curvature
quantities, we investigate the linear stability of black holes and solitons
with Yang-Mills hair and a negative cosmological constant. We show that those
solutions which have no linear instabilities under odd- and even- parity
spherically symmetric perturbations remain stable under odd-parity, linear,
non-spherically symmetric perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97565 </DOCNO>
Extensions of Peripheric Extended Twists and Inhomogeneous Lie Algebras


  Simple extensions of peripheric extended twists, introduced recently by
Lyakhovsky and Del Olmo, are presented. Explicit form of twisting elements are
given and it is shown that the new twists as well as peripheric extended twists
are suitable to deform inhomogeneous Lie algebras such as isu(n), iso(n), (1+n)
dimensional Schroedinger algebras and Poincare algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41692 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Dijet Electroproduction at Small Jet Separation


  Deep-inelastic scattering data in the range 150 < Q^2 < 35000 GeV^2 are used
to investigate the minimum jet separation necessary to allow accurate
description of the rate of dijet production using next-to-leading order
perturbative QCD calculations. The required jet separation is found to be
small, allowing about 1/3 of DIS data to be classified as dijet, as opposed to
approximately 1/10 with more typical jet analyses. A number of precision
measurements made using this dijet sample are well described by the
calculations. The data are also described by the combination of leading order
matrix elements and parton showers, as implemented in the QCD based Monte Carlo
model RAPGAP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7522 </DOCNO>
Ginzburg-Landau theory of an RVB superconductor


  We present a Ginzburg-Landau formulation of the bosonic resonating valence
bond (RVB) theory of superconductivity. The superconducting order parameter is
characterized by phase vortices that describe spinon excitations and the
transition to the superconducting state occurs when such phase vortices
(un)bind. We show that the boson RVB theory always leads to hc/2e flux quanta
and that the presence of a trapped spin-1/2 moment inside a vortex core gives
rise to observable consequences for the low temperature field dependent
specific heat. We also show that the cores of magnetic fluxoids exhibit
enhanced antiferromagnetic correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4876 </DOCNO>
Droplet Nucleation and Domain Wall Motion in a Bounded Interval


  We study a spatially extended model of noise-induced magnetization reversal:
a classical Ginzburg-Landau theory, restricted to a bounded interval and
perturbed by weak spatiotemporal noise. We compute the activation barrier and
Kramers prefactor. As the interval length increases, a transition between
activation regimes occurs, at which the prefactor diverges. We relate this to
transitions that occur in low-temperature quantum field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84053 </DOCNO>
An Average Case NP-complete Graph Problem


  NP-complete problems should be hard on some instances but these may be
extremely rare. On generic instances many such problems, especially related to
random graphs, have been proven easy. We show the intractability of random
instances of a graph coloring problem: this graph problem is hard on average
unless all NP problem under any samplable (i.e. generateable in polynomial
time) distribution are easy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97756 </DOCNO>
Seifert Manifolds


  A Seifert manifold is a 3-dimensional manifold with a circle action. It is a
circle bundle (with singularities) over a 2-dimensional orbifold.
   In this note, we discuss a generalized Seifert manifolds. By definition,
they have bundle-like structures whose fibers are infra- homogeneous spaces;
that is, the fibers are flat manifolds, almost flat manifolds, etc.
   We prove existence, uniqueness, rigidity theorems. Many interesting
properties and applications are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76988 </DOCNO>
Lepton Masses from a TeV Scale in a 3-3-1 Model


  In this work we develop a mechanism to generate mass for all leptons in a
3-3-1 model by replacing the usual scalar sextet by a neutral scalar singlet
and considering effective operators of dimension five for the case of charged
leptons and dimension seven for neutrinos. This mechanism requires a new
physics at TeV scale whose most probable candidate is the 3-3-1 supersymmetric
extension. We also generate in this context the bi-maximal mixing among the
neutrinos involved in the solar and atmospheric oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6751 </DOCNO>
Sharp increase of the effective mass near the critical density in a


  We find that at intermediate temperatures, the metallic temperature
dependence of the conductivity \sigma(T) of 2D electrons in silicon is
described well by a recent interaction-based theory of Zala et al. (Phys. Rev.
B 64, 214204 (2001)). The tendency of the slope d\sigma/dT to diverge near the
critical electron density is in agreement with the previously suggested
ferromagnetic instability in this electron system. Unexpectedly, it is found to
originate from the sharp enhancement of the effective mass, while the effective
Lande g factor remains nearly constant and close to its value in bulk silicon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128112 </DOCNO>
ULTRACAM - an ultra-fast, triple-beam CCD camera


  ULTRACAM is an ultra-fast, triple-beam CCD camera which has been designed to
study one of the few remaining unexplored regions of observational parameter
space - high temporal resolution. The camera will see first light in Spring
2002, at a total cost of GBP 300 k, and will be used on 2-m, 4-m and 8-m class
telescopes to study astrophysics on the fastest timescales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74271 </DOCNO>
Percolation of strings and the first RHIC data on multiplicity and


  The dependence of the multiplicity on the number of collisions and the
transverse momentum distribution for central and peripheral Au-Au collisions
are studied in the model of percolation of strings relative to the experimental
conditions at RHIC. The comparison with the first RHIC data shows a good
agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76462 </DOCNO>
Domain Wall Bubbles in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions


  It has been recently shown that meta-stable domain walls exist in
high-density QCD ($\mu\neq 0$) as well as in QCD with large number of colors
($N_c\to\infty$), with the lifetime being exponentially long in both cases.
Such metastable domain walls may exist in our world as well, especially in hot
hadronic matter with temperature close to critical. In this paper we discuss
what happens if a bubble made of such wall is created in heavy ion collisions,
in the mixed phase between QGP and hadronic matter. We show it will further be
expanded to larger volume $\sim 20 fm^3$ by the pion pressure, before it
disappears, either by puncture or contraction. Both scenarios leave distinctive
experimental signatures of such events, negatively affecting the interference
correlations between the outgoing pions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40876 </DOCNO>
First Observation of B -> D(*) rho', rho' -> omega pi-


  We report on the observation of B-> D(*) pi+ pi- pi- pi^o decays. The
branching ratios for D*+ and D*o are (1.72+/-0.14+/-0.24)% and
(1.80+/-0.24+/-0.27)%, respectively. Each final state has a D* omega pi-
component, with branching ratios (0.29+/-0.03+/-0.04)% and
(0.45+/-0.10+/-0.07)% for the D*+ and D*o modes, respectively. We also observe
B -> D omega pi- decays. The branching ratios for D+ and Do are
(0.28+/-0.05+/-0.04)% and (0.41+/-0.07+/-0.06)%, respectively. A spin parity
analysis of the D omega pi- final state prefers a wide 1^- resonance. A fit to
the omega pi- mass spectrum finds a central mass of (1349+/-25^{+10}_{-5}) MeV
and width of (547+/-86^{+46}_{-45}) MeV. We identify this object as the
rho(1450) or the \rho'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96567 </DOCNO>
Cyclic actions and elliptic genera


  Let $M$ be a $Spin$-manifold with $S^1$-action and let $\sigma \in S^1$ be of
finite order. We show that the indices of certain twisted Dirac operators
vanish if the action of $\sigma $ has sufficiently large fixed point
codimension. These indices occur in the Fourier expansion of the elliptic genus
of $M$ in one of its cusps. As a by-product we obtain a new proof of a theorem
of Hirzebruch and Slodowy on involutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127277 </DOCNO>
Spectral Structure in FRII Radio Galaxies and Jets


  Using spectral tomography to separate overlapping spectral features in a
sample of FRII radio galaxies, we find a variety of spatial/spectral features
that are not easily described in the context of current models. In particular,
we find mixtures of flat and steep spectrum features in the hot spot regions,
and non-monotonic spectral index gradients along jets. Additional findings
include spectral gradients in compact hot spots and possible transitions in jet
properties at the downstream ends of the diffuse lobes. The complexity of
behaviors uncovered here points to the need for a thorough investigation of
numerical models for radio galaxies, as well as detailed observational studies
of larger, unbiased samples. We also perform the first quantitative assessment
of errors in the use of spectral tomography for spectral index measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2017 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo: Basics


  An introduction to the basics of Monte Carlo is given. The topics covered
include, sample space, events, probabilities, random variables, mean, variance,
covariance, characteristic function, chebyshev inequality, law of large
numbers, central limit theorem (stable distribution, Levy distribution), random
numbers (generation and testing), random sampling techniques (inversion,
rejection, sampling from a Gaussian, Metropolis sampling), analogue Monte Carlo
and Importance sampling (exponential biasing, spanier technique).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4169 </DOCNO>
Evidence for structural and electronic instabilities at intermediate


  We present high-resolution measurements of the coefficient of thermal
expansion $\alpha (T)=\partial \ln l(T)/\partial T$ of the quasi-twodimensional
(quasi-2D) salts $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$X with X = Cu(NCS)$_2$, Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br
and Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Cl. At intermediate temperatures (B), distinct anomalies
reminiscent of second-order phase transitions have been found at $T^\ast = 38$
K and 45 K for the superconducting X = Cu(NCS)$_2$ and Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br salts,
respectively. Most interestingly, we find that the signs of the uniaxial
pressure coefficients of $T^\ast$ are strictly anticorrelated with those of
$T_c$. We propose that $T^\ast$ marks the transition to a spin-density-wave
(SDW) state forming on minor, quasi-1D parts of the Fermi surface. Our results
are compatible with two competing order parameters that form on disjunct
portions of the Fermi surface. At elevated temperatures (C), all compounds show
$\alpha (T)$ anomalies that can be identified with a kinetic, glass-like
transition where, below a characteristic temperature $T_g$, disorder in the
orientational degrees of freedom of the terminal ethylene groups becomes frozen
in. We argue that the degree of disorder increases on going from the X =
Cu(NCS)$_2$ to Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br and the Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Cl salt. Our results
provide a natural explanation for the unusual time- and cooling-rate
dependencies of the ground-state properties in the hydrogenated and deuterated
Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br salts reported in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98271 </DOCNO>
Another note on focus-focus singularities


  We show a natural relation between the monodromy formula for focus-focus
singularities of integrable Hamiltonian systems and a formula of
Duistermaat-Heckman, and extend the main results of our previous note on
focus-focus singularities ($\bbS^1$-action, monodromy, and topological
classification) to the degenerate case. We also consider the non-Hamiltonian
case, local normal forms, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5167 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Resonant scattering of Synchrotron radiation from nuclei in the


  The Absrtract: The time evolution of the coherent forward scattering of the
Synchrotron radiation for resonant nuclei in Brownian motion is studied. Apart
from target thickness, the appearance of the dynamical beats also depends on
$\alpha$ which is the ratio of harmonic force constant to the damping force
constant of harmonic oscillator udergoing Brownian motion. The present studies
are relevent to dynamics in proteins and other Biological systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1531 </DOCNO>
Interlayer transport in highly anisotropic misfit-layer superconductor


  We show that the interlayer transport in a two-dimensional superconductor can
reveal a peak in the temperature as well as the magnetic field dependence of
the resistivity near the superconducting transition. The magnetotransport
experiment was performed on the highly anisotropic misfit-layer superconductor
(LaSe)$_{1.14}$(NbSe$_2$) with critical tempertaure $T_c$ of 1.2 K. The effect
is interpreted within the tunneling mechanism of the charge transport across
the Josephson-coupled layers via two parallel channels - the quasiparticles and
the Cooper pairs. Similar behavior can be found in the high-$T_c$ cuprates but
there it is inevitably interfering with the anomalous normal state. The upper
critical magnetic field can be obtained from the interlayer tunneling
conductance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149426 </DOCNO>
Hopf Solitons from Instanton Holonomy


  The holonomy of an SU(2) N-instanton in the x^4-direction gives a map from
R^3 into SU(2), which provides a good model of an N-Skyrmion. Combining this
map with the standard Hopf map from SU(2)=S^3 to S^2 gives a configuration for
a Hopf soliton of charge N. In this way, one may define a collective-coordinate
manifold for Hopf solitons. This paper deals with instanton approximations to
Hopf solitons in the Skyrme-Faddeev model, focussing in particular on the N=1
and N=2 sectors, and the two-soliton interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149639 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative N=2 Supersymmetric Theories in Harmonic Superspace


  We discuss a formulation of harmonic superspace approach for noncommuative
N=2 supersymmetric field theories paying main attention on new features arising
because of noncommutativity. We begin with the known notions of the harmonic
superfield models and results obtained and consider how these notions and
results are modified in the noncommutative case. The actions of basic N=2
models, like hypermultiplet and N=2 vector multiplet, are given in terms of
unconstrained off-shell superfields on noncommutative harmonic superspace. We
calculate the low-energy contributions to the effective actions of these
models. The background field method in noncommutative harmonic superspace is
developed and it is applied to study the 1-loop effective action in general
noncommutative N=2 model and N=4 SYM theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169217 </DOCNO>
Is there a real time ordering behind the nonlocal correlations?


  It is argued that recent experiments with moving beam-splitters demonstrate
that there is no real time ordering behind the nonlocal correlations: In Bell's
world there is no "before" and "after".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76658 </DOCNO>
The QCD Phase Diagram and Explosive Astrophysics


  I give a brief overview of our current understanding of the QCD phase diagram
at finite temperature and baryon density. I emphasize phase transitions which
occur at high density and low temperature (relative to the QCD scale), such as
transition(s) to the color superconducting and chirally symmetric phases. These
transitions might occur during violent astrophysical activity such as type II
supernovae core bounce or neutron star mergers, and I discuss the possible
consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128216 </DOCNO>
Large scale structures in the Early SDSS: Comparison of the North and


  We compare the large scale galaxy clustering between the North and South SDSS
early data release (EDR) and also with the clustering in the APM Galaxy Survey.
The three samples are independent and cover an area of 150, 230 and 4300 square
degrees respectively. We combine SDSS data in different ways to approach the
APM selection. Given the good photometric calibration of the SDSS data and the
very good match of its North and South number counts, we combine them in a
single sample. The joint clustering is compared with equivalent subsamples in
the APM. The final sampling errors are small enough to provide an independent
test for some of the results in the APM. We find evidence for an inflection in
the shape of the 2-point function in the SDSS which is very similar to what is
found in the APM. This feature has been interpreted as evidence for non-linear
gravitational growth. By studying higher order correlations, we can also
confirm good agreement with the hypothesis of Gaussian initial conditions (and
small biasing) for the structure traced by the large scale SDSS galaxy
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149247 </DOCNO>
Microcausality and Energy-Positivity in all frames imply Lorentz


  A new presentation of the Borchers-Buchholz result of the Lorentz-invariance
of the energy-momentum spectrum in theories with broken Lorentz symmetry is
given in terms of properties of the Green's functions of microcausal Bose and
Fermi-fields. Strong constraints based on complex geometry phenomenons are
shown to result from the interplay of the basic principles of causality and
stability in Quantum Field Theory: if microcausality and energy-positivity in
all Lorentz frames are satisfied, then it is unavoidable that all stable
particles of the theory be governed by Lorentz-invariant dispersion laws: in
all the field sectors, discrete parts outside the continuum as well as the
thresholds of the continuous parts of the energy-momentum spectrum, with
possible holes inside it, are necessarily represented by mass-shell
hyperboloids (or the light-cone). No violation of this geometrical fact can be
produced by spontaneous breaking of the Lorentz symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128280 </DOCNO>
A Deep Keck Spectral Survey of Cl0024+1654 at z=0.4


  We have undertaken a Keck spectral survey of galaxies to R~24 near the
central region of Cl0024+1654 at z=0.4. The spectral resolution and slits have
been selected to yield kinematics such as the velocity dispersions of
early-type systems and rotation curves of disks. The spectra also provide a
suite of lines that yield star formation, age, and metallicity information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123950 </DOCNO>
The Tolman Surface Brightness Test for the Reality of the Expansion. II.


  To complete the Tolman surface brightness test on the reality of the
expansion of the Universe, we need to measure accurately the surface brightness
profiles of the high-redshift galaxy sample. We, therefore, investigate the
effects of various sizes of point-spread-functions composed of telescope
diffraction, CCD pixel resolutions, and ground-based seeing on the measurements
of mean surface brightness. We have done the calculations using two synthetic
galaxies of effective radii of 0.70" and 0.25" with point-spread functions of
0.1, 0.3, and 0.9 arcseconds. We have also compared actual observations of
three high-redshift galaxies in the cluster Cl 1324 + 3011 (z = 0.76) made both
with the Keck telescopes in seeing of about 0.9" and with HST which has a PSF
that is approximately ten times smaller. The conclusion is that HST data can be
used as far into the galaxy image as a Petrosian metric radius of eta = 1.3
magnitudes, whereas the ground-based data will have systematic errors of up to
2.9 magnitudes in the mean surface brightness at eta values of less than 2.2
magnitudes. In the final section, we compare the differences in derived average
surface brightness for nearly circular galaxy images compared with highly
flattened images. The comparison is made by using the two reduction procedures
of (1) integrating the profile curves using circular apertures, and (2)
approximating an ``equivalent circular'' galaxy that is highly elongated by
using an ``effective'' radius of sqrt{ab}, where a and b are the semi-major and
semi-minor axis, respectively, of the best-fitting ellipse. The conclusion is
that the two methods of reduction give nearly identical results and that either
method can be used to analyze the low and high-redshift galaxy samples used in
the Tolman test.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85704 </DOCNO>
The near-horizon geometry of dilaton-axion black holes


  Static black holes of dilaton-axion gravity become singular in the extreme
limit, which prevents a direct determination of their near-horizon geometry.
This is addressed by first taking the near-horizon limit of extreme rotating
NUT-less black holes, and then going to the static limit. The resulting
four-dimensional geometry may be lifted to a Bertotti-Robinson-like solution of
six-dimensional vacuum gravity, which also gives the near-horizon geometry of
extreme Kaluza-Klein black holes in five dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97893 </DOCNO>
Triality, Biquaternion and Vector Representation of the Dirac Equation


  The triality properties of Dirac spinors are studied, including a
construction of the algebra of (complexified) biquaternion. It is proved that
there exists a vector-representation of Dirac spinors. The massive Dirac
equation in the vector-representation is actually self-dual. The Dirac's idea
of non-integrable phases is used to study the behavior of massive term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125863 </DOCNO>
Modelling the uv/x-ray cosmic background with CUBA


  In this paper, I will describe the features of the numerical code CUBA, aimed
at the solution of the radiative transfer equation in a cosmological context.
CUBA will be soon available for public use at the URL
http://pitto.mib.infn.it/~haardt/, allowing for several user-supplied input
parameters, such as favourite cosmology, luminosity functions, Type II object
evolution, stellar spectra, and many others. I will also present some new
results of the UV/X-ray cosmic background as produced by the observed
populations of QSOs and star forming galaxies, updating and extending our
previous works. The background evolution is complemented with a number of
derived quantities such as the ionization and thermal state of the IGM, the
HeII opacity, the HI and HeII ionization rates, and the HI, HeII and Compton
heating rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127853 </DOCNO>
Measuring Sizes of Marginally Resolved Young Globular Clusters with HST


  We present a method to derive sizes of marginally resolved star clusters from
HST/WFPC2 observations by fitting King models to observations. We describe
results on both simulated images and on observations of young compact clusters
in NGC 3597 and NGC 1275. From the simulations, we find that we can measure
King model concentrations (c) to an accuracy of about a factor of two for all
combinations of c and King radius (r_0) of interest if the data have high S/N
(>~ 500 for the integrated brightness). If the concentration is accurately
measured, we can measure the King radius accurately. For lower S/N, marginally
resolved King profiles suffer from a degeneracy; different values of the
concentration give different r_0 but have comparable reduced chi-squared
values. In this case, neither the core radius nor the concentration can be
constrained individually, but the half-light radius can be recovered
accurately.
  In NGC 3597, we can only differentiate between concentrations for the very
brightest clusters; these suggest a concentration of ~ 2. Assuming a
concentration of 2 for the rest of the objects, we find an average King radius
for the clusters in NGC 3597 of 0.7 pc, while the clusters in NGC 1275 have an
average radius of 1.1 pc. These are similar to the average core radii for
Galactic globular clusters, 0.92 pc. We find average half-light radii of 5.4 pc
and 6.2 pc for the young clusters in NGC 3597 and NGC 1275, respectively, while
the average half-light radii of Galactic globulars is 3.4 pc. The spread in the
derived radial parameters in each cluster system is comparable to that observed
in the Galactic globular cluster system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4809 </DOCNO>
Dispersion of the strongly correlated electron system near the Fermi


  The reason for the appearance of two distinct bands in the photoemission of
the single CuO$_2$ plane Bi$_2$Sr$_{2-x}$La$_x$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ near the Fermi
level is discussed on the basis of the self-consistent solution of the
two-dimensional t-J model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129145 </DOCNO>
Early Phases and Initial Conditions for Massive Star Formation


  Our knowledge of the initial conditions and early stages of high mass star
formation is very limited. We will review recent surveys of regions in the
early stages of massive star formation using molecular tracers of high density
and dust continuum emission and consider the status of evolutionary schemes.
Comparison to the situation for low mass, relatively isolated star formation
will be used to illustrate the outstanding issues in massive star formation.
The problem of initial conditions is particularly acute because there is a lack
of observational evidence for regions capable of forming massive stars BEFORE
star formation actually begins. By analogy with the Pre-Protostellar Cores
(PPCs) studied for low-mass star formation, one might call such regions
Pre-Proto-cluster Cores (PPclCs). We will conclude with some speculation about
what such cores might look like and possibilities for their detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126157 </DOCNO>
An Atlas of Halpha and R Images and Radial Profiles of 63 Bright Virgo


  Narrow-band Halpha and broadband R images and radial profiles are presented
for 63 bright spiral galaxies in the Virgo Cluster. The sample is complete for
Sb-Scd galaxies with B magnitude less than 12 and inclination less than 75
degrees. Isophotal radii, disk scalelengths, concentration parameters, and
integrated fluxes are derived for the sample galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128453 </DOCNO>
Ten Low Mass Companions from the Keck Precision Velocity Survey


  Ten new low mass companions have emerged from the Keck precision Doppler
velocity survey, with minimum (msini) masses ranging from 0.8 mjup to 0.34
msun. Five of these are planet candidates with msini < 12 mjup, two are brown
dwarf candidates with msini ~30 mjup, and three are low mass stellar
companions. Hipparcos astrometry reveals the orbital inclinations and masses
for three of the (more massive) companions, and it provides upper limits to the
masses for the rest. A new class of extrasolar planet is emerging,
characterized by nearly circular orbits and orbital radii greater than 1 AU.
The planet HD 4208b appears to be a member of this new class. The mass
distribution of extrasolar planets continues to exhibit a rapid rise from 10
mjup toward the lowest detectable masses near 1 msat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41080 </DOCNO>
Tests of Power Corrections for Event Shapes in e+e- Annihilation


  A study of perturbative QCD calculations combined with power corrections to
model hadronisation effects is presented. The QCD predictions are fitted to
differential distributions and mean values of event shape observables measured
in e+e- annihilation at centre-of-mass energies from 14 to 189 GeV. We
investigate the event shape observables thrust, heavy jet mass, C-parameter,
total and wide jet broadening and differential 2-jet rate and observe a good
description of the data by the QCD predictions. The strong coupling constant
alpha_S(M_Z) and the free parameter of the power correction calculations
alpha_0(2 GeV) are measured to be alpha_S(M_Z) = 0.1171 +/- 0.0032/0.0020 and
alpha_0(2 GeV) = 0.513 +/- 0.066/0.045. The predicted universality of alpha_0
is confirmed within the uncertainties of the measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73308 </DOCNO>
Hyperon ratios at RHIC and the coalescence predictions at mid-rapidity


  Quark coalescence predictions for various multi-strange baryon to anti-baryon
ratios for central Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies are compared to
preliminary data of the STAR collaboration. The formation of Quark Matter and
the sudden recombination of its constituent quarks into hadrons is found to be
in agreement with these preliminary data. It seems that strange hadron and
antihadron production in Au+Au collisions at RHIC is similar to that in Pb+Pb
collisions at CERN SPS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97270 </DOCNO>
Weak Laws in Geometric Probability


  Using a coupling argument, we establish a general weak law of large numbers
for functionals of binomial point processes in d-dimensional space, with a
limit that depends explicitly on the (possibly non-uniform) density of the
point process. The general result is applied to the minimal spanning tree, the
k-nearest neighbors graph, the Voronoi graph, and the sphere of influence
graph. Functionals of interest include total edge length with arbitrary
weighting, number of vertices of specifed degree, and number of components. We
also obtain weak laws for functionals of marked point processes, including
statistics of Boolean models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41352 </DOCNO>
Observation of $B^+ \to \chi_{c0} K^+ $


  We report the first observation of the decay $B^+ \to \chi_{c0} K^+$ using
21.3 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the Belle detector at the $\Upsilon$(4S)
resonance. The preliminary result for the branching fraction is
${\cal{B}}(B^+\to \chi_{c0}K^+)=(8.0^{+2.7}_{-2.4}\pm 1.0\pm 1.1)\times
10^{-4}$ where the first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and
the third comes from the uncertainty in the $\chi_{c0}\to\pi^+\pi^-$ branching
fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7057 </DOCNO>
Density-functionals not based on the electron gas: Local-density


  By shifting the reference system for the local-density approximation (LDA)
from the electron gas to other model systems one obtains a new class of density
functionals, which by design account for the correlations present in the chosen
reference system. This strategy is illustrated by constructing an explicit LDA
for the one-dimensional Hubbard model. While the traditional {\it ab initio}
LDA is based on a Fermi liquid (the electron gas), this one is based on a
Luttinger liquid. First applications to inhomogeneous Hubbard models, including
one containing a localized impurity, are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3299 </DOCNO>
Critical Point of a Weakly Interacting Two-Dimensional Bose Gas


  We study the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a weakly
interacting 2D quantum Bose gas using the concept of universality and numerical
simulations of the classical $|\psi|^4$-model on a lattice. The critical
density and chemical potential are given by relations $n_c=(mT/2\pi \hbar^2)
\ln(\xi \hbar^2/ mU)$ and $\mu_c=(mTU/\pi \hbar^2) \ln(\xi_{\mu} \hbar^2/ mU)$,
where $T$ is the temperature, $m$ is the mass, and $U$ is the effective
interaction. The dimensionless constant $\xi= 380 \pm 3$ is very large and thus
any quantitative analysis of the experimental data crucially depends on its
value. For $\xi_{\mu}$ our result is $\xi_{\mu} = 13.2 \pm 0.4 $. We also
report the study of the quasi-condensate correlations at the critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6997 </DOCNO>
Brownian Dynamics Studies on DNA Gel Electrophoresis. I. Numerical


  Dynamics of individual DNA undergoing constant field gel electrophoresis
(CFGE) is studied by a Brownian dynamics (BD) simulation method which we have
developed. The method simulates electrophoresis of DNA in a 3 dimensional (3D)
space by a chain of electrolyte beads of hard spheres. Under the constraint
that the separation of each pair of bonded beads is restricted to be less than
a certain fixed value, as well as with the excluded volume effect, the Langevin
equation of motion for the beads is solved by means of the Lagrangian
multiplier method. The resultant mobilities, $\mu$, as a function of the
electric field coincide satisfactorily with the corresponding experimental
results, once the time, the length and the field of the simulation are properly
scaled. In relatively strong fields quasi-periodic behavior is found in the
chain dynamics, and is examined through the time evolution of the radius of the
longer principal axis, $R_l(t)$. It is found that the mean width of a peak in
$R_l(t)$, or a period of one elongation-contraction process of the chain, is
proportional to the number of beads in the chain, $M$, while the mean period
between two such adjacent peaks is proportional to $M^0$ for large $M$. These
results, combined with the observation that the chain moves to the field
direction by the distance proportional to $M$ in each elongation-contraction
motion, yield $\mu \propto M^0$. This explains why CFGE cannot separate DNA
according to their size $L (\propto M)$ for large $L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168227 </DOCNO>
Exact uncertainty relations: technical details


  The Heisenberg inequality \Delta X \Delta P \geq \hbar/2 can be replaced by
an exact equality, for suitably chosen measures of position and momentum
uncertainty, which is valid for all wavefunctions. The significance of this
"exact" uncertainty relation is discussed, and results are generalised to
angular momentum and phase, photon number and phase, time and frequency, and to
states described by density operators. Connections to optimal estimation of an
observable from the measurement of a second observable, Wigner functions,
energy bounds, and entanglement are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148356 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Newton's Law


  Using the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi equation within the framework of the
equivalence postulate, we construct a Lagrangian of a quantum system in one
dimension and derive a third order equation of motion representing a first
integral of the quantum Newton's law. We then integrate this equation in the
free particle case and compare our results to those of Floydian trajectories.
Finally, we propose a quantum version of Jacobi's theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148393 </DOCNO>
Divergencies in the Casimir energy for a medium with realistic


  We consider a dielectric medium with an ultraviolet behavior as it follows
from the Drude model. Compared with dilute models, this has the advantage that,
for large frequencies, two different media behave the same way. As a result one
expects the Casimir energy to contain less divergencies than for the dilute
media approximation. We show that the Casimir energy of a spherical dielectric
ball contains just one divergent term, a volume one, which can be renormalized
by introducing a contact term analogous to the volume energy counterterm needed
in bag models.
  PACS: 12.20.Ds, 03.70.+k, 77.22.Ch

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41175 </DOCNO>
Measurement of $J/\psi$ production in continuum $e^+e^-$ annihilations


  The production of $J/\psi$ mesons in continuum $e^+e^-$ annihilations has
been studied with the BABAR detector at energies near the $\Upsilon(4S)$
resonance, approximately 10.6 GeV. The mesons are distinguished from $J/\psi$
production in B decays through their center-of-mass momentum and energy. We
measure the cross section $e^+e^-\to J/\psi X$ to be $2.52\pm 0.21\pm 0.21$ pb;
for momentum above 2 GeV/c, it is $1.87\pm 0.10\pm 0.15$ pb. We set a 90%
confidence level upper limit on the branching fraction for direct
$\Upsilon(4S)$\to J/\psi X$ decays at $4.3\times 10^{-4}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98329 </DOCNO>
A note on Banach--Mazur problem


  We prove that if $X$ is a real Banach space, with $\dim X\geq 3$, which
contains a subspace of codimension 1 which is 1-complemented in $X$ and whose
group of isometries is almost transitive then $X$ is isometric to a Hilbert
space. This partially answers the Banach-Mazur rotation problem and generalizes
some recent related results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3931 </DOCNO>
Interacting fermions in self-similar potentials


  We consider interacting spinless fermions in one dimension embedded in
self-similar quasiperiodic potentials. We examine generalizations of the
Fibonacci potential known as precious mean potentials. Using a bosonization
technique and a renormalization group analysis, we study the low-energy physics
of the system. We show that it undergoes a metal-insulator transition for any
filling factor, with a critical interaction that strongly depends on the
position of the Fermi level in the Fourier spectrum of the potential. For some
positions of the Fermi level the metal-insulator transition occurs at the non
interacting point. The repulsive side is an insulator with a gapped spectrum
whereas in the attractive side the spectrum is gapless and the properties of
the system are described by a Luttinger liquid. We compute the transport
properties and give the characteristic exponents associated to the frequency
and temperature dependence of the conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148895 </DOCNO>
Super Gravitons Interacting with the Super Virasoro Group


  We describe actions that correspond to the interaction of the Super Virasoro
algebra with supergravitons. These new field theories introduce a superfield
that corresponds to dual elements of the super Virasoro algebra. We are also
able to extend the definition of these field theories to higher dimensions. We
explicitly exhibit the 2, 3 and 4 dimensional cases. Remarkably, the
fundamental prepotentials describing these dual elements of the super Virasoro
algebra, in each model, agrees with the known prepotentials of the
corresponding supergravity theory. These theories might be important in the
quantization of the super Virasoro group, supergravity and in AdS and super AdS
gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96732 </DOCNO>
Four-dimensional Wess-Zumino-Witten actions and central extensions of


  We shall give an axiomatic construction of Wess-Zumino-Witten actions valued
in (G=SU(N)), (N\geq 3). It is realized as a functor ({WZ}) from the category
of conformally flat four-dimensional manifolds to the category of line bundles
with connection that satisfies, besides the axioms of a topological field
theory, the axioms which abstract Wess-Zumino-Witten actions. To each
conformally flat four-dimensional manifold (\Sigma) with boundary
(\Gamma=\partial\Sigma), a line bundle (L=WZ(\Gamma)) with connection over the
space (\Gamma G) of mappings from (\Gamma) to (G) is associated. The
Wess-Zumino-Witten action is a non-vanishing horizontal section (WZ(\Sigma)) of
the pull back bundle (r^{\ast}L) over (\Sigma G) by the boundary restriction
(r).
  (WZ(\Sigma)) is imposed to satisfy a generalized Polyakov-Wiegmann formula
with respect to the pointwise multiplication of the fields (\Sigma G).
  Associated to the WZW-action there is a geometric descrption of extensions of
the group (\Omega^3G) . In fact we shall construct two central extensions of
(\Omega^3G) by (U(1)) that are in duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168206 </DOCNO>
Quantum-Classical Correspondence for the Equilibrium Distributions of


  We consider the quantum and classical Liouville dynamics of a non-integrable
model of two coupled spins. Initially localised quantum states spread
exponentially to the system dimension when the classical dynamics are chaotic.
The long-time behaviour of the quantum probability distributions and, in
particular, the parameter-dependent rates of relaxation to the equilibrium
state are surprisingly well approximated by the classical Liouville mechanics
even for small quantum numbers. As the accessible classical phase space becomes
predominantly chaotic, the classical and quantum probability equilibrium
configurations approach the microcanonical distribution, although the quantum
equilibrium distributions exhibit characteristic `minimum' fluctuations away
from the microcanonical state. The magnitudes of the quantum-classical
differences arising from the equilibrium quantum fluctuations are studied for
both pure and mixed (dynamically entangled) quantum states. In both cases the
standard deviation of these fluctuations decreases as $(\hbar/{\mathcal
J})^{1/2}$, where ${\mathcal J}$ is a measure of the system size. In
conclusion, under a variety of conditions the differences between quantum and
classical Liouville mechanics are shown to become vanishingly small in the
classical limit (${\mathcal J}/\hbar \to \infty$) of a non-dissipative model
endowed with only a few degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148929 </DOCNO>
Superbranes and Super Born-Infeld Theories as Nonlinear Realizations


  We outline, on a few instructive examples, the characteristic features of the
approach to superbranes and super Born-Infeld theories based on the concept of
partial spontaneous breaking of global supersymmetry (PBGS). The examples
include the N=1, D=4 supermembrane and the ``space-filling'' D2- and D3-branes.
Besides giving a short account of the available results for these systems, we
present some new developments. For the supermembrane we prove the equivalence
of the equation of motion following from the off-shell Goldstone superfield
action and the one derived directly from the nonlinear realizations formalism.
We give a new derivation of the off-shell Goldstone superfield actions for the
considered systems, using a universal procedure inspired by the relationship
between linear and nonlinear realizations of PBGS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3834 </DOCNO>
Reaction, Levy Flights, and Quenched Disorder


  We consider the $A + A \to \emptyset$ reaction, where the transport of the
particles is given by L{\'e}vy flights in a quenched random potential. With a
common literature model of the disorder, the random potential can only increase
the rate of reaction. With a model of the disorder that obeys detailed balance,
however, the rate of reaction initially increases and then decreases as a
function of the disorder strength. The physical behavior obtained with this
second model is in accord with that for reactive turbulent flow, indicating
that L{\'e}vy flight statistics can model aspects of turbulent fluid transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74382 </DOCNO>
With Grand Unification Signals in, Can Proton Decay be Far Behind?


  It is noted that one is now in possession of a set of facts, which may be
viewed as the matching pieces of a puzzle ; in that all of them can be
resolved by just one idea - that is grand unification. These include : (i) the
observed family-structure, (ii) quantization of electric charge, (iii) meeting
of the three gauge couplings, (iv) neutrino oscillations; in particular the
mass of $\nu_{\tau}$ suggested by SuperK), (v) the intricate pattern of the
masses and mixings of the fermions, including the smallness of $V_{cb}$ and the
largeness of $\theta^{osc}_{\nu_{\mu}\nu_{\tau}}$, and (vi) the need for
$B$-$L$ to implement baryogenesis (via leptogenesis). All these pieces fit
beautifully together within a single puzzle board framed by supersymmetric
unification, based on SO(10) or a string-unified G(224)-symmetry. The one and
the most notable piece of the puzzle still missing, however, is proton decay. A
concrete proposal is presented, within a predictive SO(10)/G(224)-framework,
that successfully describes the masses and mixings of all fermions, including
the neutrinos - with eight predictions, all in agreement with observation. An
updated study of proton decay is carried out within this framework, which shows
that a conservative upper limit on its lifetime is about (1/2-1)\times 10^34
yrs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5067 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Dissipation Relation for a Langevin Model with


  A random multiplicative process with additive noise is described by a
Langevin equation. We show that the fluctuation-dissipation relation is
satisfied in the Langevin model, if the noise strength is not so strong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74166 </DOCNO>
Four Neutrino Mass Spectra at the Neutrino Factory


  We study the physical reach of a Neutrino Factory in the 2+2 and 3+1 Four
Neutrino mixing scenarios, with similar results for the sensitivity to the
mixing angles. Huge CP-violating effects can be observed in both schemes with a
near, O(10) Km, detector of O(10) Kton size in the $\nu_\mu \to \nu_\tau$
channel. A smaller detector of 1 Kton size can still observe very large effects
in this channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168692 </DOCNO>
Quantum Parametric Resonance


  The quantum mechanical equivalent of parametric resonance is studied. A
simple model of a periodically kicked harmonic oscillator is introduced which
can be solved exactly. Classically stable and unstable regions in parameter
space are shown to correspond to Floquet operators with qualitatively different
properties. Their eigenfunctions, which are calculated exactly, exhibit a
transition: for parameter values with classically stable solutions the
eigenstates are normalizable while they cannot be normalized for parameter
values with classically instable solutions. Similarly, the spectrum of quasi
energies undergoes a specific transition. These observations remain valid
qualitatively for arbitrary linear systems exhibiting classically parametric
resonance such as the paradigm example of a frequency modulated pendulum
described by Mathieu's equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126204 </DOCNO>
Internal and external shock fronts in He2-104


  The spectra of both the inner and outer nebulae in He2-104 are modelled by
composite models which accounts consistently for photoionisation and shocks.
The temperature of the hot star results Ts = 130 000 K. We suggest that the
characteristic "crab legs" in He2-104 are produced by R-T instability at the
shock front. The calculated X-ray flux is below the detection limit of ROSAT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123642 </DOCNO>
Extreme Ultraviolet Emission in the Fornax Cluster of Galaxies


  We present studies of the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) emission in the Fornax
cluster of galaxies; a relatively nearby well-studied cluster with X-ray
emitting cluster gas and a very large radio source. We examine both the
large-scale (~size of the X-ray emitting cluster gas), and the small-scale
(<arcmin) emission.
  We find that this cluster has large-scale diffuse EUV emission. However, at
the sensitivity level of the existing EUVE data, this emission is due entirely
to the low energy tail of the X-ray emitting gas. We have also examined
small-scale structures in raw EUVE images of this cluster. We find that
small-scale irregularities are present in all raw Deep Survey images as a
result of small-scale detector effects. These effects can be removed by
appropriate flat-fielding. After flat-fielding, the Fornax cluster still shows
a few significant regions of small-scale EUV enhancement. We find that these
are emission from stars and galaxies in the field. We find that at existing
levels of sensitivity, there is no excess EUV emission in the cluster on either
large or small scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5469 </DOCNO>
Local Moment Formation in the Periodic Anderson Model with


  We study local moment formation in the presence of superconducting
correlations among the f-electrons in the periodic Anderson model. Local
moments form if the Coulomb interaction U>U_cr. We find that U_cr is
considerably stronger in the presence of superconducting correlations than in
the non-superconducting system. Our study is done for various values of the
f-level energy and electronic density. The smallest critical U_cr values occur
for the case where the number of f- electrons per site is equal to one. In the
presence of d-wave superconducting correlations we find that local moment
formation presents a quantum phase transition as function of pressure. This
quantum phase transition separates a region where local moments and d-wave
superconductivity coexist from another region characterized by a
superconducting ground state with no local moments. We discuss the possible
relevance of these results to experimental studies of the competition between
magnetic order and superconductivity in CeCu_2Si_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126679 </DOCNO>
The Influence of the Starburst on the ISM in NGC 1569


  A tremendous starburst, that ended about 4 million years ago, has had a very
strong impact on the dwarf galaxy NGC 1569. Evidence for this event is still
prominent in the different components of the galaxy: For example, photometric
studies of the resolved stellar population close to the very luminous
super-star clusters hint at past star formation rates of up to 3 M_solar/yr. In
ROSAT observations, extended X-ray emission has been found at the same
location. And the spectrum of the strong synchrotron emission shows a kink
characteristic for a recently stopped starburst. We study the impact of the
starburst on the neutral atomic and molecular gas. Our CO(3--2) map obtained
with the Heinrich-Hertz Telescope reveals 3 giant molecular associations as
well as a large amount of extended CO gas. The comparison of this map with
interferometric and single-dish data of the CO(2--1) and CO(1--0) transitions
indicates an unusually warm molecular gas phase. The HI distribution is
remarkably smooth for a star-forming dwarf galaxy. Only one huge bubble has
been found. It is located near the position of the super-star clusters. With
our naturally weighted VLA data cube, we can confirm the existence of a
low-mass HI cloud and a bridge connecting it to NGC 1569. This might be an HI
cloud in the process of merging with the galaxy and being tidally disrupted. We
also report the detection of the remnants of a shell, that can be traced best
in the HI velocity field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127992 </DOCNO>
Kinetic equilibrium of iron in the atmospheres of cool dwarf stars II.


  NLTE line formation calculations of FeI in the solar atmosphere are extended
to include weak optical lines. Previously established atomic models are used to
discriminate between different ways of treating collisional interaction
processes. To derive a common solar FeI abundance from both strong and weak
lines, fine-tuning of the microturbulence velocity parameter and the van-der-
Waals damping constants is required. The solar FeI abundances based on all
available f-values are dominated by the large scatter already found for the
stronger lines. In particular the bulk of the data from the work of May et al.
and O'Brian et al. is not adequate for accurate abundance work. Based on
f-values measured by the Hannover and Oxford groups alone, the FeI LTE
abundances are eps(FeI,Sun)=7.57 for the empirical and eps(FeI,Sun) = 7.48 ...
7.51 for the line-blanketed solar model. The solar Fe ionization equilibrium
obtained for different atomic and atmospheric models rules out NLTE atomic
models with a low efficiency of hydrogen collisions. At variance with Paper I,
it is now in better agreement with laboratory FeII f-values for all types of
line-blanketed models. Our final model assumptions consistent with a single
unique solar Fe abundance eps(Fe,Sun) = 7.48 ... 7.51 calculated from NLTE line
formation are (a) a line-blanketed solar model atmosphere, (b) an iron model
atom with hydrogen collision rates 0.5 < S_H < 5 times the standard value to
compensate for the large photoionization cross-sections, (c) a microturbulence
velocity xi = 1.0 kms, (d) van-der-Waals damping parameters decreased by
Delta(log C6) = -0.10...-0.15 as compared to Anstee & O'Mara's calculations,
depending on S_H, (e) FeII f-values as published by Schnabel et al., and (f)
FeI f-values published by the Hannover and Oxford groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5245 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature theory of the scissors mode in a Bose gas using the


  We use a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate and a
semi-classical kinetic equation for the noncondensate atoms to discuss the
scissors mode in a trapped Bose-condensed gas at finite temperatures. Both
equations include the effect of $C_{12}$ collisions between the condensate and
noncondensate atoms. We solve the coupled moment equations describing
oscillations of the quadrupole moments of the condensate and noncondensate
components to find the collective mode frequencies and collisional damping
rates as a function of temperature. Our calculations extend those of
Gu\'ery-Odelin and Stringari at T=0 and in the normal phase. They complement
the numerical results of Jackson and Zaremba, although Landau damping is left
out of our approach. Our results are also used to calculate the quadrupole
response function, which is related to the moment of inertia. It is shown
explicitly that the moment of inertia of a trapped Bose gas at finite
temperatures involves a sum of an irrotational component from the condensate
and a rotational component from the thermal cloud atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76441 </DOCNO>
Physics of Extra Dimensions


  This article is based on papers discussing different aspects of extra
dimensional environments. In addition to the results, we review some of the
concepts on which models with large extra dimensions are based.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123988 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts: Afterglow Implications, Progenitor Clues and Prospects


  Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are sudden, intense flashes of gamma-rays which, for a
few blinding seconds, light up in an otherwise fairly dark gamma-ray sky. They
are detected at the rate of about once a day, and while they are on, they
outshine every other gamma-ray source in the sky, including the sun. Major
advances have been made in the last three or four years, including the
discovery of slowly fading x-ray, optical and radio afterglows of GRBs, the
identification of host galaxies at cosmological distances, and finding evidence
for many of them being associated with star forming regions and possibly
supernovae. Progress has been made in understanding how the GRB and afterglow
radiation arises in terms of a relativistic fireball shock model. These
advances have opened new vistas and questions on the nature of the central
engine, the identity of their progenitors, the effects of the environment, and
their possible gravitational wave, cosmic ray and neutrino luminosity. The
debates on these issues indicate that GRB remain among the most mysterious
puzzles in astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75114 </DOCNO>
Abelian projected monopoles - to be or not to be


  We analyse what happens with two merging constituent monopoles for the SU(3)
caloron. Identified through degenerate eigenvalues (the singularities or
defects of the abelian projection) of the Polyakov loop, it follows that there
are defects that are not directly related to the actual constituent monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6905 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Arrest Originating in Competition between\linebreak Attractive


  We discuss the situation where attractive and repulsive portions of the
inter-particle potential both contribute significantly to glass formation. We
introduce the square-well potential as prototypical model for this situation,
and {\it reject} the Baxter as a useful model for comparison to experiment on
glasses, based on our treatment within mode coupling theory. We present
explicit results for various well-widths, and show that, for narrow wells,
there is a useful analytical formula that would be suitable for experimentalist
working in the field of colloidal science. We raise the question as to whether,
in a more exact treatment, the sticky sphere limit might have an infinite glass
transition temperature, or a high but finite one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87299 </DOCNO>
Gravitational wave induced cosmic magnetogenesis


  We discuss how gravitational waves could act as agents of cosmic
magnetogenesis. In the proposed scenario the magnetic field is generated by the
interaction of a weak electric field with gravity wave perturbations. The
magnetic field is subsequently amplified to a finite value, which depends on
the strength of the original electric field and on the amount of the shear
distortion caused by the propagating gravity wave. The appealing features of
the proposed mechanism are: (i) the generic nature of the interaction that
leads to the magnetogenesis; (ii) there is no need to break the conformal
invariance of electromagnetism; (iii) the accompanying electric field decays
asymptotically, leaving the cosmic medium permeated by a seed magnetic field
with strength well within the galactic dynamo requirements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81462 </DOCNO>
Confinement: Results and Perspectives


  An updated review is presented of lattice investigations of colour
confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3042 </DOCNO>
Radio-frequency-driven motion of single Cooper pairs across the


  We report on the effect of the frequency-locked transfer of single Cooper
pairs in a superconducting single-electron Al transistor embedded in a
dissipative environment (on-chip Cr resistor of R = 40 kOhm). The transistor
was dc voltage biased, and the harmonic signal of frequency f of several MHz
was applied to the gate. Due to the substantial rate of relaxation, the
unidirectional transfer of single pairs occurred in each junction once per
clock cycle and the current plateaus at I = 2ef were developed in the
transistor's I-V curves. The mechanisms (supercurrent, Landau-Zener tunneling,
quasiparticle tunneling, etc.) deteriorating the phase-locking regime are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123771 </DOCNO>
The quasar 3C345 at the highest resolution with mm- and space-VLBI


  The quasar 3C345 is one of the best examples of extragalactic jet with
superluminal components moving on helical paths. To get better constraints on
the jet physics, we have imaged the source at the highest possible resolution,
using mm-VLBI and space-VLBI observations. We observed 3C345 at 5 different
epochs so far (1 epoch with 3-mm ground VLBI, and 4 epochs with space VLBI at
6cm and 18cm). These measurements expand significantly our ongoing monitoring
of 3C345. In this contribution, we discuss the properties of the jet and its
moving components in the immediate vicinity of the core (<3mas).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40760 </DOCNO>
Sum Rules of Neutrino Masses and CP Violation in the Four-Neutrino


  We show that the commutator of lepton mass matrices is invariant under
terrestial matter effects in the four-neutrino mixing scheme. A set of
model-independent sum rules for neutrino masses, which may be generalized to
hold for an arbitrary number of neutrino families, are for the first time
uncovered. Useful sum rules for the rephasing-invariant measures of leptonic CP
violation have also been found. Finally we present a generic formula of
T-violating asymmetries and expect it to be applicable to the future
long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128246 </DOCNO>
New X-ray Clusters in the EMSS I: Modifications to the XLF


  The complete ensemble of Einstein Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) X-ray
images has been re-processed and re-analyzed using a multi-aperture source
detection algorithm. A catalog of 772 new source candidates detected within the
central regions of the 1435 IPC fields comprising the Extended Medium
Sensitivity Survey (EMSS) has been compiled. By comparison, 478 EMSS sources
fall within the same area of sky. A randomly-selected subsample of 133 fields
was first examined. We found that most of these sources are either the
summation of two or more lower count rate point sources that fall within the
larger detection apertures or are single point sources, while \leq 2.3% of the
full catalog of sources are extrapolated to be actual distant (z > 0.14)
clusters whose extended X-ray structure kept them from being detected in the
EMSS despite having sufficient total flux.
  We then constructed other subsamples specifically selected to contain those
X-ray sources most likely to be clusters. Both a database search and an optical
imaging campaign have found several new distant clusters, setting a firm lower
limit on the number of new clusters in the entire catalog. We estimate that the
original EMSS cluster sample is 72-83% complete. We update the Henry et al.
1992 EMSS distant cluster sample with more recent information, and use the
redshifts and X-ray luminosities for these new EMSS clusters to compute a
revised X-ray Luminosity Function (XLF). The addition of these new high-z,
high-L_X clusters to the EMSS is sufficient to remove the requirement for
``negative'' evolution at high-L_X out to z~0.5. We conclude that the EMSS has
systematically missed clusters of low surface brightness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2460 </DOCNO>
Theory of Microemulsion Glasses


  We show that the tendency towards microphase separation in microemulsions
leads to the formation of a glassy state after sufficiently strong correlations
between polar and hydrophobic regions have been established. Glassiness is
predicted to occur above a critical volume fraction of surfactant, which is
determined by the length of the amphiphilic molecules. Our results are obtained
by solving the dynamical equations for the correlation functions of the system
and by using a replica approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125122 </DOCNO>
Cluster correlations in redshift space


  We test an analytic model for the two-point correlations of galaxy clusters
in redshift space using the Hubble Volume N-body simulations. The correlation
function of clusters shows no enhancement along the line of sight, due to the
lack of any virialised structures in the cluster distribution. However, the
distortion of the clustering pattern due to coherent bulk motions is clearly
visible. The distribution of cluster peculiar motions is well described by a
Gaussian, except in the extreme high velocity tails. The simulations produce a
small but significant number of clusters with large peculiar motions. The form
of the redshift space power spectrum is strongly influenced by errors in
measured cluster redshifts in extant surveys. When these errors are taken into
account, the model reproduces the power spectrum recovered from the simulation
to an accuracy of 15% or better over a decade in wavenumber. We compare our
analytic predictions with the power spectrum measured from t! he!
  APM cluster redshift survey. The cluster power spectrum constrains the
amplitude of density fluctuations, as measured by the linear rms variance in
spheres of radius 8 h^(-1) Mpc, denoted by sigma_8. When combined with the
constraints on sigma_8 and the density parameter Omega derived from the local
abundance of clusters, we find a best fitting cold dark matter model with
sigma_8~1.25 and Omega~0.2, for a power spectrum shape that matches that
measured for galaxies. However, for the best fitting value of Omega and given
the value of Hubble's constant from recent measurements, the assumed shape of
the power spectrum is incompatible with the most readily motivated predictions
from the cold dark matter paradigm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6368 </DOCNO>
Multiscale nature of hysteretic phenomena: Application to CoPt-type


  We suggest a workable approach for the description of multiscale
magnetization reversal phenomena in nanoscale magnets and apply it to CoPt-type
alloys. We show that their hysteretic properties are governed by two effects
originating at different length scales: a peculiar splitting of domain walls
and their strong pinning at antiphase boundaries. We emphasize that such
multiscale nature of hysteretic phenomena is a generic feature of nanoscale
magnetic materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126125 </DOCNO>
Turbulent Dynamo in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars


  Using recent results on the operation of turbulent dynamos, we show that a
turbulent dynamo can amplify a large scale magnetic field in the envelopes of
asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We propose that a slow rotation of the AGB
envelope can fix the symmetry axis, leading to the formation of an axisymmetric
magnetic field structure. Unlike solar-type alpha-omega dynamos, the rotation
has only a small role in amplifying the toroidal component of the magnetic
field. The large-scale magnetic field is strong enough for the formation of
magnetic cool spots on the AGB stellar surface. The spots can regulate dust
formation, hence mass loss rate, leading to axisymmetric mass loss and the
formation of elliptical planetary nebulae (PNe). Despite its role in forming
cool spots, the large scale magnetic field is too weak to play a dynamic role
and directly influence the wind from the AGB star. We find other problems in
models where the magnetic field plays a dynamic role in shaping the AGB winds,
and argue that they cannot explain the formation of nonspherical PNe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73479 </DOCNO>
The role of universal and non universal Sudakov logarithms in four


  We consider the separate effects on four fermion processes, in the TeV energy
range, produced at one loop by Sudakov logarithms of universal and not
universal kind, working in the 't Hooft xi=1 gauge. Summing the various vertex
and box contributions allows to isolate two quite different terms.The first one
is a combination of vertex and box quadratic and linear logarithms that are
partially universal and partially not universal and independent of the
scattering angle theta. The second one is theta-dependent, not universal,
linearly logarithmic and only produced by weak boxes. We show that for several
observables, measurable at future linear e+e- colliders (LC, CLIC), the role of
the latter term is dominant and we discuss the implications of this fact for
what concerns the reliability of a one-loop approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123366 </DOCNO>
Masses and fields in Microdynamics: a possible foundation for dynamic


  The quest for a complete theory of microphysics is probably near the top of
the agenda in fundamental physics today. We survey existing modifications of
quantum mechanics to assess their potential. In the following we present recent
results in microdynamics, focussing on dynamic charge. The theoretical model,
valid at all length scales, relates mass oscillations to static electric and
gravity fields. The same concept is used, with substantially lower frequencies,
to compute the intensity of gravity waves within the solar system. These waves,
in the range of kilohertz, can in principle be detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5829 </DOCNO>
Close-packed dimers on nonorientable surfaces


  The problem of enumerating dimers on an M x N net embedded on non-orientable
surfaces is considered. We solve both the Moebius strip and Klein bottle
problems for all M and N with the aid of imaginary dimer weights. The use of
imaginary weights simplifies the analysis, and as a result we obtain new
compact solutions in the form of double products. The compact expressions also
permit us to establish a general reciprocity theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76729 </DOCNO>
Possible Evidence for a Chiral Axial-Vector State in the D Meson System


  We reanalyze the D^{*+} pi^- mass spectrum from CLEO II by the VMW method in
order to examine the existence of a chiral axial-vector state, which is
predicted in a covariant level-classification scheme recently proposed, other
than normal orbitally-excited P-wave states in the D meson system. A result of
the present analysis seems to suggest that there exists an extra axial-vector
meson, in addition to the two normal ones, in a similar mass region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124676 </DOCNO>
The Host Galaxies of Radio-Loud and Radio-Quiet Quasars


  I review our knowledge of the properties of the host galaxies of radio-loud
and radio-quiet quasars, both in comparison to each other and in the context of
the general galaxy population. It is now clear that the hosts of radio-loud and
radio-quiet quasars with M_V < -23.5 are virtually all massive elliptical
galaxies. The masses of these spheroids are as expected given the relationship
between black-hole and spheroid mass found for nearby quiescent galaxies, as is
the growing prevalence of disc components in the hosts of progressively fainter
AGN. There is also now compelling evidence that quasar hosts are practically
indistinguishable from normal ellipticals, both in their basic structural
parameters and in the old age of their dominant stellar populations; at low z
the nuclear activity is not associated with the formation of a significant
fraction of the host galaxy. While the long-held view that quasar radio power
might be a simple function of host morphology is now dead and buried, I argue
that host-galaxy studies may yet play a crucial role in resolving the
long-standing problem of the origin of radio loudness. Specifically there is
growing evidence that radio-loud objects are powered by more massive black
holes accreting at lower efficiency than their radio-quiet couterparts of
comparable optical output. A black-hole mass > 10^9 solar masses appears to be
a necessary (although perhaps not sufficient) condition for the production of
radio jets of sufficient power to produce an FRII radio source within a massive
galaxy halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179250 </DOCNO>
New results for two-neutrino double beta decay with large


  A model many-body Hamiltonian describing an heterogenous system of paired
protons and paired neutrons and interacting among themselves through monopole
particle-hole and monopole particle-particle interactions is used to study the
double beta decay of Fermi type. The states are described by time dependent
approaches choosing as trial functions coherent states of the symmetry groups
underlying the model Hamiltonian. One formalism, VP1, is fully equivalent with
the standard pnQRPA and therefore fails at a critical value of the
particle-particle interaction strength while another one, VP2, corresponds to a
two step BCS treatment, i.e. the proton quasiparticles are paired with the
neutron quasiparticles. In this way a harmonic description for the double beta
transition amplitude is provided for any strength of the particle-particle
interaction. The approximation quality is judged by comparing the actual
results with the exact result as well as with those corresponding to various
truncations of the boson expanded Hamiltonian and transition operator. Finally
it is shown that the dynamic ground states provided by VP1 and VP2 are
reasonable well approximated by solutions of a variational principle. This
remark constitutes a step forward finding an approach where the RPA ground
state is a solution of a variational principle equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3370 </DOCNO>
Anomalous percolating properties of growing networks


  We describe the anomalous phase transition of the emergence of the giant
connected component in scale-free networks growing under mechanism of
preferential linking. We obtain exact results for the size of the giant
connected component and the distribution of vertices among connected
components. We show that all the derivatives of the giant connected component
size $S$ over the rate $b$ of the emergence of new edges are zero at the
percolation threshold $b_c$, and $S \propto \exp\{-d(\gamma)(b-b_c)^{-1/2}\}$,
where the coefficient $d$ is a function of the degree distribution exponent
$\gamma$. In the entire phase without the giant component, these networks are
in a ``critical state'': the probability ${\cal P}(k)$ that a vertex belongs to
a connected component of a size $k$ is of a power-law form. At the phase
transition point, ${\cal P}(k) \sim 1/(k\ln k)^2$. In the phase with the giant
component, ${\cal P}(k)$ has an exponential cutoff at $k_c \propto 1/S$. In the
simplest particular case, we present exact results for growing exponential
networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168076 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the degree of Polarization Entanglement Through Position


  We produce polarization entangled states with variable degree of entanglement
for twin photons. Entanglement in polarization is coupled to entanglement in
position that produces transverse coincidence interference fringes. We show
both theoretically and experimentally that, due to this coupling, we can use
the interference pattern to measure the polarization degree of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125596 </DOCNO>
X-ray Line Emission from Evaporating and Condensing Accretion Disk


  We model the X-rays reprocessed by an accretion disk in a fiducial low-mass
X-ray binary system with a neutron star primary. An atmosphere, or the
intermediate region between the optically thick disk and a Compton-temperature
corona, is photoionized by the neutron star continuum. X-ray lines from the
recombination of electrons with ions dominate the atmosphere emission and
should be observable with the Chandra and XMM-Newton high-resolution
spectrometers. The self-consistent disk geometry agrees well with optical
observations of these systems, with the atmosphere shielding the companion from
the neutron star. At a critical depth range, the disk gas has one thermally
unstable and two stable solutions. A clear difference between the model spectra
exists between evaporating and condensing disk atmospheres. This difference
should be observable in high-inclination X-ray binaries, or whenever the
central continuum is blocked by absorbing material and the extended disk
emission is not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3654 </DOCNO>
Superconducting energy gap distribution of MgB$_2$ investigated by


  We performed point-contact spectroscopy on the binary superconductor MgB$_2$.
The differential conductance shows gap-related structures which vary in width
and position from contact to contact. The distribution of energy gaps shows a
distinct accumulation around 1.7 and 7 meV which is associated with the
occurrence of a small and a large energy gap in MgB$_2$. While with increasing
$T$ the structure in $dI/dV$ associated with the small gap is present up to
$T_C$, in magnetic field it is suppressed well below $B_{c2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7494 </DOCNO>
Stress transmission in granular matter


  The transmission of forces through a disordered granular system is studied by
means of a geometrical-topological approach that reduces the granular packing
into a set of layers. This layered structure constitutes the skeleton through
which the force chains set up. Given the granular packing, and the region where
the force is applied, such a skeleton is uniquely defined. Within this
framework, we write an equation for the transmission of the vertical forces
that can be solved recursively layer by layer. We find that a special class of
analytical solutions for this equation are L\'evi-stable distributions. We
discuss the link between criticality and fragility and we show how the
disordered packing naturally induces the formation of force-chains and arches.
We point out that critical regimes, with power law distributions, are
associated with the roughness of the topological layers. Whereas, fragility is
associated with local changes in the force network induced by local granular
rearrangements or by changes in the applied force. The results are compared
with recent experimental observations in particulate matter and with computer
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73687 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariant decomposition of 1-loop multiparticle scattering


  A simple algorithm is presented to decompose any 1-loop amplitude for
scattering processes of the class 2 fermions -> 4 fermions into a fixed number
of gauge-invariant form factors. The structure of the amplitude is simpler than
in the conventional approaches and its numerical evaluation is made faster. The
algorithm can be efficiently applied also to amplitudes with several thousands
of Feynman diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83860 </DOCNO>
Networks Unplugged: Towards A Model of Compatibility Regulation Between


  Networks Unplugged: Towards A Model of Compatibility Regulation Between
Information Platforms This Article outlines a basic model for regulating
interoperability between rival information platforms. In so doing, it insists
that antitrust, intellectual property, and telecommunications regulation all
must follow the same set of principles to facilitate competition between rival
standards where possible, mandating or allowing cooperation only where
necessary to facilitate competition within a standard when network-level
competition is infeasible. To date, the antitrust regime best approximates the
type of model I have in mind, but sound competition policy requires that
telecommunications regulation and intellectual property law follow its basic
principles as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128413 </DOCNO>
Pair annihilation and radio emission from galactic jet sources: The case


  In the hard X-ray spectra of some X-ray binaries line features at around 500
keV are detected. We interpret these as arising from pair annihilation in
relativistic outflows leading to a significant Doppler shift of the lines'
frequencies. We show how this can be used to accurately determine the bulk
velocity and orientation to the line of sight of the outflows. Constraints on
the energy requirements of such outflows are also derived. Furthermore, we show
that a small fraction of pairs escaping the annihilation region may give rise
to the radio synchrotron emission observed in some of these objects. We apply
these ideas to the hard X-ray and radio observations of Nova Muscae 1991. In
this object, the energy requirements seem to rule out a large proton fraction
in the outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 817 </DOCNO>
The Condition for the Onset of High Temperature Superconductivity


  In this work the long-wave limit of electron-electron interaction arising
from the exchange of virtual phonons in an approximation close to "jelly" model
is considered. It is shown that the interaction through the exchange of virtual
phonons is actually not screened in contrast to the Coulomb one; this just
leads to instability relative to the formation of pairs near the Fermi surface.
The consequences of this approach are examined with respect to high-temperature
superconducting materials that have recently been synthesized. An approximate
relationship connecting sound and Fermi velocities for these materials is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6408 </DOCNO>
Hiding solutions in random satisfiability problems: A statistical


  A major problem in evaluating stochastic local search algorithms for
NP-complete problems is the need for a systematic generation of hard test
instances having previously known properties of the optimal solutions. On the
basis of statistical mechanics results, we propose random generators of hard
and satisfiable instances for the 3-satisfiability problem (3SAT). The design
of the hardest problem instances is based on the existence of a first order
ferromagnetic phase transition and the glassy nature of excited states. The
analytical predictions are corroborated by numerical results obtained from
complete as well as stochastic local algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7124 </DOCNO>
From Linear to Nonlinear Response in Spin Glasses: Importance of


  Deviations from spin-glass linear response in a single crystal Cu:Mn 1.5 at %
are studied for a wide range of changes in magnetic field, $\Delta H$. Three
quantities, the difference $TRM-(MFC-ZFC)$, the effective waiting time,
$t_{w}^{eff}$, and the difference $TRM(t_{w})-TRM(t_{w}=0)$ are examined in our
analysis. Three regimes of spin-glass behavior are observed as $\Delta H$
increases. Lines in the $(T,\Delta H)$ plane, corresponding to ``weak'' and
``strong'' violations of linear response under a change in magnetic field, are
shown to have the same functional form as the de Almeida-Thouless critical
line. Our results demonstrate the existence of a fundamental link between
static and dynamic properties of spin glasses, predicted by the mean-field
theory of aging phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129414 </DOCNO>
Are Omega Centauri and G1 like massive globular clusters the remnant


  We simulate the result of orbital decay for a dwarf satellite galaxy in a
disk galaxy potential. The peeling-off of the satellite by the strong tidal
field within the disk of the host galaxy quickly reduces the satellite's mass,
and drastically slows down the decaying of the orbit. The result is generally a
cluster on a large halo orbit, like the M54 cluster of the Sagittarius galaxy
in the Milky Way and the massive G1 cluster in outer halo of M31. It is
generally challenging for this mechanism to deliver globular cluster-mass
objects to the observed very close-in orbit of Omega Cen unless the dwarf
galaxy was born within a few scale lengths of the Galactic disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124527 </DOCNO>
Magellanic Clouds Planetary Nebulae: an updated view on stellar


  Planetary Nebulae (PNs) in the Magellanic Clouds are studied to understand
stellar populations and evolution of low- and intermediate-mass stars in
different chemical environments. Using HST observations from our LMC and SMC PN
morphological survey and from the HST Data Archive, we look at the relations
between PN morphology and their evolution and populations. In this paper we
show some of our recent results on these relations, in an historical context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96002 </DOCNO>
Surgery on closed 4-manifolds with free fundamental group


  Even though the disk embedding theorem is not available in dimension 4 for
free fundamental groups, some surgery problems may be shown to have topological
solutions. We prove that surgery problems may be solved if one considers closed
4-manifolds and the intersection pairing is extended from the integers, and
prove a related splitting result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129156 </DOCNO>
Environments of Quasars in the Context of Large-Scale Structure


  We are looking at quasar environment in the context of large-scale structure
(LSS) - a new approach, giving a more informed interpretation of quasar-galaxy
correlations. This paper presents our first results for a sample of z ~ 0.3
quasars. We are using Voronoi tessellation applied in colour (B_J - R) slices
for the detection of galaxy clusters and the minimal spanning tree (MST) to
delineate the large-scale structure. This new cluster-detection method allows
us to find reliably galaxy clusters at z < 0.3 from SuperCOSMOS measurements of
UK Schmidt plates. By reconstructing the large-scale structure in a relatively
narrow redshift band (0.2 < z < 0.3), we show that quasars follow the
large-scale structure traced by galaxy clusters. None of the quasars in our
radio-quiet sample is located in the central area of a galaxy cluster. Two
quasars, found in a very rich environment, are actually located between two
very close galaxy clusters, consistent with results on z ~ 1 quasars suggesting
that cluster merg ers may be involved in one of the quasar formation
mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125792 </DOCNO>
Microlensing and the Surface Brightness Profile of the Afterglow Image


  The optical afterglow of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) 000301C exhibited a
significant, short-timescale deviation from the power-law flux decline expected
in the standard synchrotron shock model. Garnavich, Loeb & Stanek found that
this deviation was well-fit by an ad hoc model in which a thin ring of emission
is microlensed by an intervening star. We revisit the microlensing
interpretation of this variability, first by testing whether microlensing of
afterglow images with realistic surface brightness profiles (SBPs) can fit the
data, and second by directly inverting the observed light curve to obtain a
non-parametric measurement of the SBP. We find that microlensing of realistic
SBPs can reproduce the observed deviation, provided that the optical emission
arises from frequencies above the cooling break. Conversely, if the variability
is indeed caused by microlensing, the SBP must be significantly
limb-brightened. Specifically, greater than 60% of the flux must originate from
the outer 25% of the area of the afterglow image. The latter requirement is
satisfied by the best fit theoretical SBP. The underlying optical/infrared
afterglow lightcurve is consistent with a model in which a jet is propagating
into a uniform medium with the cooling break frequency below the optical band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126596 </DOCNO>
An XMM-Newton view of the serendipitous sources in the PKS0312-770 field


  We describe an XMM-Newton observation of the PKS0312-770 field, which
facilitates the spectral analysis of serendipitous sources previously detected
by CHANDRA. The combination of larger effective area and longer exposure
duration allows a significant increase in detected photons, and a lower limit
in source detection sensitivity. In particular the hard X-ray normal galaxy
unveiled by Fiore et al (2000) is most likely explained as a moderately
absorbed (N_H ~ 1e22 cm^-2) AGN. We detect 52 sources (45 previously
unreported) at a limiting flux of ~2e-15 cgs in the 0.5-2keV band. The
LogN-LogS curve is consistent with that derived from by XMM-Newton observations
of the Lockman Hole field. The flux determinations allow to check for any
inconsistency between the calibrations of the two observatories, which is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123414 </DOCNO>
Mechanisms and sites of ultra high energy cosmic ray origin


  We shortly discuss several astrophysical scenarios leading to cosmic ray
acceleration up to extremely high energies reaching the scale of 10^{20} eV.
The processes suggested in the literature include acceleration at relativistic
jet terminal shocks and shear boundary layers, shocks in large scale accretion
flows onto supergalactic cosmic structures, particle reflections from
ultra-relativistic shocks postulated to exist in sources of gamma ray bursts,
the processes involving the neutron star rotating magnetospheres and dormant
quasars. Some of these objects can explain cosmic rays with highest energies if
one tunes the model parameters to limits enabling the highest acceleration
efficiency. We also note that some of the considered processes allow for
acceleration efficiency in the Hillas diagram, beta, to be much larger than
unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148849 </DOCNO>
UV/IR connection, a matrix perspective


  We show that the matrix formulation of non-commutative field theories is
equivalent, in the continuum, to a formulation in a mixed
configuration-momentum space. In this formulation, the non-locality of the
interactions, that leads to the IR/UV mixing, becomes transparent. We clarify
the relation between long range effects (and IR divergences) and the
non-planarity of the corresponding Feynman diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76687 </DOCNO>
Gauged Inflation


  We propose a model for cosmic inflation which is based on an effective
description of strongly interacting, nonsupersymmetric matter within the
framework of dynamical Abelian projection and centerization. The underlying
gauge symmetry is assumed to be $SU(N+1)$ with $N \gg 1$. Appealing to a
thermodynamical treatment, the ground-state structure of the model is
classically determined by a potential for the inflaton field (dynamical
monopole condensate) which allows for nontrivially BPS saturated and thereby
stable solutions. For $T<M_P$ this leads to decoupling of gravity from the
inflaton dynamics. The ground state dynamics implies a heat capacity for the
vacuum leading to inflation for temperatures comparable to the mass scale $M$
of the potential. The dynamics has an attractor property. In contrast to the
usual slow-roll paradigm we have $m\gg H$ during inflation. As a consequence,
density perturbations generated from the inflaton are irrelevant for the
formation of large-scale structure, and the model has to be supplemented with
an inflaton independent mechanism for the generation of spatial curvature
perturbations. Within a small fraction of the Hubble time inflation is
terminated by a transition of the theory to its center symmetric phase. The
spontaneously broken $Z_{N+1}$ symmetry stabilizes relic vector bosons in the
epochs following inflation. These heavy relics contribute to the cold dark
matter of the universe and potentially originate the UHECRs beyond the GZK
bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114256 </DOCNO>
Theory of a Slow-Light Catastrophe


  In diffraction catastrophes such as the rainbow the wave nature of light
resolves ray singularities and draws delicate interference patterns. In quantum
catastrophes such as the black hole the quantum nature of light resolves wave
singularities and creates characteristic quantum effects related to Hawking
radiation. The paper describes the theory behind a recent proposal [U.
Leonhardt, arXiv:physics/0111058, Nature (in press)] to generate a quantum
catastrophe of slow light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97882 </DOCNO>
Stability of a Model of Relativistic Quantum Electrodynamics


  The relativistic ``no pair'' model of quantum electrodynamics uses the Dirac
operator, D(A), for the electron dynamics together with the usual self-energy
of the quantized ultraviolet cutoff electromagnetic field A -- in the Coulomb
gauge. There are no positrons because the electron wave functions are
constrained to lie in the positive spectral subspace of some Dirac operator, D,
but the model is defined for any number, N, of electrons, and hence describes a
true many-body system. In addition to the electrons there are a number, K, of
fixed nuclei with charges \leq Z. If the fields are not quantized but are
classical, it was shown earlier that such a model is always unstable (the
ground state energy E=-\infty) if one uses the customary D(0) to define the
electron space, but is stable (E > - const.(N+K)) if one uses D(A) itself
(provided the fine structure constant \alpha and Z are not too large). This
result is extended to quantized fields here, and stability is proved for \alpha
=1/137 and Z \leq 42. This formulation of QED is somewhat unusual because it
means that the electron Hilbert space is inextricably linked to the photon Fock
space. But such a linkage appears to better describe the real world of photons
and electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150182 </DOCNO>
Gravity/Non-Commutative Yang-Mills Correspondence and Doubletons


  We discuss the gravity dual description for a non-commutative Yang-Mills
theory, which reduces to that on AdS_{5} x S_{5} in the commutative limit. It
is found that doubletons do not decouple in this dual gravity description
unless one takes the commutative limit. The decoupling of the doubletons in
AdS_{5} space implies that the dual gauge theory has SU(N) gauge symmetry. Our
result implies that this gravity description is dual to non-commutative U(N)
gauge theory. It is compatible with the claim that U(1) and SU(N) gauge
symmetries can not separate in non-commutative U(N) gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98285 </DOCNO>
On the coefficients of a Fibonacci power series


  We give an explicit description of the coefficients of the formal power
series (1-x)(1-x^2)(1-x^3)(1-x^5)(1-x^8)(1-x^13)... In particular, we show that
all the coefficients are equal to -1, 0 or 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7224 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Description of Agglomeration and Growth Processes in Glasses


  We show how growth by agglomeration can be described by means of algebraic or
differential equations which determine the evolution of probabilities of
various local configurations. The minimal fluctuation condition is used to
define vitrification. Our methods have been successfully used for the
description of glass formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98337 </DOCNO>
Regular Neighbourhoods and Canonical Decompositions for Groups


  We find canonical decompositions for finitely presented groups which
specialize to the classical JSJ-decomposition when restricted to the
fundamental groups of Haken manifolds. The decompositions that we obtain are
invariant under automorphisms of the group. A crucial new ingredient is the
concept of a regular neighbourhood for a finite family of almost invariant
subsets of a group. An almost invariant set is an analogue of an immersion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5800 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of spin and polymer models with aperiodic interactions


  We review and extend some recent investigations of the effects of aperiodic
interactions on the critical behavior of ferromagnetic $q$-state Potts models.
By considering suitable diamond or necklace hierarchical lattices, and assuming
a distribution of interactions according to a class of two-letter substitution
rules, the problem can be formulated in terms of recursion relations in
parameter space. The analysis of stability of the fixed points leads to an
exact criterion to gauge the relevance of geometric fluctuations. For
irrelevant fluctuations, the critical behavior remains unchanged with respect
to the uniform systems. For relevant fluctuations, there appears a two-cycle of
saddle-point character in parameter space. A scaling analysis, supported by
direct numerical thermodynamic calculations, shows the existence of novel
critical universality classes associated with relevant geometric fluctuations.
Also, we show that similar qualitative results are displayed by a simple model
of two directed polymers on a diamond hierarchical structure with aperiodic
bond interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99168 </DOCNO>
Enhanced interface repulsion from quenched hard-wall randomness


  We consider the harmonic crystal on the d-dimensional lattice, d larger or
equal to 3, that is the centered Gaussian field $\phi$ with covariance given by
the Green function of the simple random walk on $Z^d$. Our main aim is to
obtain quantitative information on the repulsion phenomenon that arises when we
condition the field to be larger than an IID field $\sigma$ (which is also
independent of $\phi$), for every x in a large region $D_N=ND\cap \Z^d$, with N
a positive integer and $D \subset\R^d$. We are mostly motivated by results for
given typical realizations of the $\sigma$ (quenched set-up), since the
conditioned harmonic crystal may be seen as a model for an equilibrium
interface, constrained not to go below a inhomogeneous substrate that acts as a
hard wall. We consider various types of substrate and we observe that the
interface is pushed away from the wall much more than in the case of a flat
wall as soon as the upward tail of $\sigma$ is heavier than Gaussian, while
essentially no effect is observed if the tail is sub--Gaussian. In the critical
case, that is the one of approximately Gaussian tail, the interplay of the two
sources of randomness, $\phi$ and $\sigma$, leads to an enhanced repulsion
effect of additive type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6196 </DOCNO>
Development of practical soft X-ray imaging spectrometers


  Cryogenic soft X-ray imaging spectrometers are currently being developed for
applications in the fields of Astronomy and material sciences. In this paper we
present experiments on optimized single devices, which show measured energy
resolutions of 4.6 eV at 525 eV, 8.1 eV at 1.5 keV and 20.5 eV at 6 keV
respectively. These energy resolutions combined with a quantum efficiency of
more than 40 % in the energy range from 0.5 to 2 keV together with a count rate
capability of 15 kHz demonstrate the overall good performance of single
Superconducting Tunnel Junctions (STJs). Assembling these optimized single
devices in a matrix read-out would provide the practical basis for a soft X-ray
imaging spectrometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7217 </DOCNO>
Phase Behavior of Columnar DNA Assemblies


  The pair interaction between two stiff parallel linear DNA molecules depends
not only on the distance between their axes but on their azimuthal orientation.
The positional and orientational order in columnar B-DNA assemblies in solution
is investigated, based on the DNA-DNA electrostatic pair potential that takes
into account DNA helical symmetry and the amount and distribution of adsorbed
counterions. A phase diagram obtained by lattice sum calculations predicts a
variety of positionally and azimuthally ordered phases and bundling transitions
strongly depending on the counterion adsorption patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4634 </DOCNO>
Modelling Widely Scattered States in `Synchronized' Traffic Flow and


  Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a
quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while
no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow.
Instead, a two-dimensional area of widely scattered flow-density data is
observed as a consequence of a complex traffic dynamics. For an explanation of
this phenomenon and transitions between the different traffic phases, we
propose a new class of molecular-dynamics-like, microscopic traffic models
based on times to collisions and discuss the properties by means of analytical
arguments. Similar models may help to understand the laminar and turbulent
phases in the dynamics of stock markets as well as the transitions among them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72903 </DOCNO>
QCD and multiplicity scaling


  In QCD, the similarity of multiplicity distributions is violated i) by the
running of the strong coupling constant alpha_s and ii) by the self-similar
nature of parton cascades. It will be shown that the data collapsing behavior
of P_n onto a unique scaling curve can be restored by performing the original
scaling prescription (translation and dilatation) in the multiplicity moments'
rank.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72623 </DOCNO>
Charge fluctuations in a final state with QGP


  Charge fluctuations as a possible signal of quark - gluon plasma (QGP) were
recently suggested. A short summary of comments presented on this subject is
given and supplemented by a discussion of the coexistence of pions produced
"directly" and through a QGP phase. Such a coexistence may obscure the expected
plasma signal similarly to the effects considered in the comments mentioned
above.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1614 </DOCNO>
Intralayer Carbon Substitution in the MgB2 Superconductor


  We report that the ternary MgB2-xCx compounds adopt an isostructural
AlB2-type hexagonal structure in a relatively small range of nominal carbon
concentration, x<0.1. The lattice parameter a decreases almost linearly with
increasing carbon content x, while the c parameter remains unchanged,
indicating that carbon is exclusively substituted in the boron honeycomb layer
without affecting the interlayer interactions. The superconducting transition
temperature Tc, determined by magnetometry experiments, also decreases
quasilinearly as a function of the carbon concentration. The structural and
electronic behavior of MgB2-xCx displays a remarkable similarity with the
isoelectronic Mg1-xAlxB2 despite the different substitution sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40758 </DOCNO>
Test Beams and Polarized Fixed Target Beams at the NLC


  A conceptual program to use NLC beams for test beams and fixed target physics
is described. Primary undisrupted polarized beams would be the most simple to
use, but for NLC, the disrupted beams are of good enough quality that they
could also be used, after collimation of the low energy tails, for test beams
and fixed target physics. Pertinent issues are: what is the compelling physics,
what are the requirements on beams and running time, and what is the impact on
colliding beam physics running. A list of physics topics is given; one topic
Moller Scattering is treated in more depth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5341 </DOCNO>
Aging and memory properties of topologically frustrated magnets


  The model 2d kagome system (H3O)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6 and the 3d pyrochlore Y2Mo2O7
are two well characterized examples of low-disordered frustrated
antiferromagnets which rather then condensing into spin liquid have been found
to undergo a freezing transition with spin glass-like properties. We explore
more deeply the comparison of their properties with those of spin glasses, by
the study of characteristic rejuvenation and memory effects in the
non-stationary susceptibility. While the pyrochlore shows clear evidence for
these non-trivial effects, implying temperature selective aging, that is
characteristic of a wide hierarchical distribution of equilibration processes,
the kagome system does n not show clearly these effects. Rather, it seems to
evolve towards the same final state independently of temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3929 </DOCNO>
The Onset of Mackey-Glass Leukemia at the Edge of Chaos


  In this paper we revisit the Mackey-Glass model for blood-forming process,
which was proposed to describe the spontaneous fluctuations of the blood cell
counts in normal individuals and the first stage of chronic myelocytic (or
granylocytic) leukemia (CML). We obtain the bifurcation diagram as a function
of the time delay parameter and show that the onset of leukemia is related to
instabilities associated to the presence of periodic windows in the midst of a
chaotic regime. We also introduce a very simple modification in the death rate
parameter in order to simulate the accumulation of cells and the progressive
increase of the minima counts experimentally observed in the final stage of the
disease in CML patients. The bifurcation diagram as a function of the death
rate parameter is also obtained and we discuss the effects of treatments like
leukapheresis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169364 </DOCNO>
Dynamic and Geometric Phase Formulas and the \beta Parameter in the


  We examine the dynamic and geometric phases of the electron in quantum
mechanics using the space-time algebra formalism. In doing so we are able to
relate the \beta parameter in Hestens' theory to these phases. We also comment
on some of Hestenes' previous work regarding the phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74031 </DOCNO>
Effective Beta-Functions for Effective Field Theory


  We consider the problem of determining the beta-functions for any reduced
effective field theory. Even though not all the Green's functions of a reduced
effective field theory are renormalizable, unlike the full effective field
theory, certain effective beta- functions for the reduced set of couplings may
be calculated without having to introduce vertices in the Feynman rules for
redundant operators. These effective beta-functions suffice to apply the
renormalization group equation to any transition amplitude (i.e., S- matrix
element), thereby rendering reduced effective field theories no more cumbersome
than traditionally renormalizable field theories. These effective
beta-functions may equally be regarded as the running of couplings for a
particular redefinition of the fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123377 </DOCNO>
The birth of strange stars and their dynamo-originated magnetic fields


  It is shown that protostrange stars (PSSs) can be convective and that there
are two possible scenarios describing their turbulence. Besides the local
turbulence on the scale which is less than the mean free path of neutrinos,
large-scale (~1 km) convection also may occur with properties that are similar
to those of convection in protoneutron stars (PNSs). We thus suggest that
strange stars can also create dynamo-originated magnetic fields during the
deleptonization episode soon after a supernova explosion. Further detailed
investigations are needed to see whether or not strange stars and neutron stars
can be distinguished according to the differences in dynamo actions in strange
quark matter and in neutron matter. The magnetic fields of strange stars and
neutron stars may also behave very differently during the accretion-phase when
the fields decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4930 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and charge structures in itinerant-electron magnets:


  A theory of Kondo lattices is applied to studying possible magnetic and
charge structures of itinerant-electron antiferromagnets. Even helical spin
structures can be stabilized when the nesting of the Fermi surface is not sharp
and the superexchange interaction, which arises from the virtual exchange of
pair excitations across the Mott-Hubbard gap, is mainly responsible for
magnetic instability. Sinusoidal spin structures or spin density waves (SDW)
are only stabilized when the nesting of the Fermi surface is sharp enough and a
novel exchange interaction arising from that of pair excitations of
quasi-particles is mainly responsible for magnetic instability. In particular,
multiple SDW are stabilized when their incommensurate ordering wave-numbers
$\pm{\bf Q}$ are multiple; magnetizations of different $\pm{\bf Q}$ components
are orthogonal to each other in double and triple SDW when magnetic anisotropy
is weak enough. Unless $\pm 2{\bf Q}$ are commensurate, charge density waves
(CDW) with $\pm 2{\bf Q}$ coexist with SDW with $\pm{\bf Q}$. Because the
quenching of magnetic moments by the Kondo effect depends on local numbers of
electrons, the phase of CDW or electron densities is such that magnetic moments
are large where the quenching is weak. It is proposed that the so called stipe
order in cuprate-oxide high-temperature superconductors must be the coexisting
state of double incommensurate SDW and CDW.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126872 </DOCNO>
Measuring the galaxy power spectrum with multiresolution decomposition


  In this paper, we develop the method of analyzing the velocity field of
cosmic matter with a multiresolution decomposition. This is necessary in
calculating the redshift distortion of power spectrum in the discrete wavelet
transform (DWT) representation. We show that, in the DWT analysis, the velocity
field can be described by discrete variables, which are given by assignment of
the number density and velocity into the DWT modes. These DWT variables are
complete and not redundant. In this scheme, the peculiar velocity and pairwise
velocity of galaxies or particles are given by field variables. As a
consequence, the velocity dispersion (VD) and pairwise velocity dispersion
(PVD) are no longer measured by number-counting or pair-counting statistic, but
with the ensemble of the field variables, and therefore, they are free from the
bias due to the number-counting and pair-counting. We analyzed the VD and PVD
of the velocity fields given by the N-body simulation for models of the SCDM,
$\tau$CDM and $\Lambda$CDM. The spectrum (scale-dependence) of the VD and PVD
show that the length scale of the two-point correlation of the velocity field
is as large as few tens h$^{-1}$ Mpc. Although the VD and PVD show similar
behavior in some aspects, they are substantially different from each other. The
VD-to-PVD ratio shows the difference between the scale-dependencies of the VD
and PVD. More prominent difference between the VD and PVD is shown by
probability distribution function. The one-point distribution of peculiar
velocity is approximately exponential, while the pairwise velocity's is
lognormal, i.e. of long tail. This difference indicates that the cosmic
velocity field is typically intermittent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85798 </DOCNO>
A Dynamical Solution of Stable Starobinsky-Type Inflation Model in


  Quantum geometry gives a regularization scheme-independent effective action,
whoes equation of motion for the conformal mode has a stable de Sitter solution
at the high-energy region where the coupling of the self-interactions of the
traceless mode can be neglected because of the asymptotic freedom. However, the
dynamics of the traceless mode suggests that inflation ends at the low-energy
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123805 </DOCNO>
Global accretion disk simulations of magneto-rotational instability


  We perform global three-dimensional simulations of accretion disks
integrating the compressible, non-viscous, but diffusive MHD equations. The
disk is supposed to be isothermal. We make use of the ZEUS-3D code integrating
the MHD equations and added magnetic diffusivity. We measure the efficiency of
the angular-momentum transport. Various model simulations delivered transport
parameters of alpha_SS=0.01 to 0.05 which are consistent with several local
numerical investigations. Two of the models reach a highly turbulent state at
which alpha_SS is of the order of 0.1. After a certain stage of saturating of
the turbulence, Reynolds stress is found to be negative (inward transport) in
many of the models, whereas Maxwell stresses dominate and deliver a positive
(outward) total transport. Several of the models yield strongly fluctuating
Reynolds stresses, while Maxwell stresses are smooth and always transport
outwards.
    Dynamo action is found in the accretion disk simulations. A positive
dynamo-alpha is indicated in the northern hemisphere of the most prominent run,
coming along with negative kinetic and current helicities (all having the
opposite sign on the southern side). The dipolar structure of the magnetic
field is maintained throughout the simulations, although indication for a decay
of antisymmetry is found. The simulations covered relatively thick disks, and
results of thin-disk dynamo models showing quadrupolar fields may not be
compatible with the results presented here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 254 </DOCNO>
X-ray standing wave and reflectometric characterization of multilayer


  Microstructural characterization of synthetic periodic multilayers by x-ray
standing waves have been presented. It has been shown that the analysis of
multilayers by combined x-ray reflectometry (XRR) and x-ray standing wave (XSW)
techniques can overcome the deficiencies of the individual techniques in
microstructural analysis. While interface roughnesses are more accurately
determined by the XRR technique, layer composition is more accurately
determined by the XSW technique where an element is directly identified by its
characteristic emission. These aspects have been explained with an example of a
20 period Pt/C multilayer. The composition of the C-layers due to Pt
dissolution in the C-layers, Pt$_{x}$C$_{1-x}$, has been determined by the XSW
technique. In the XSW analysis when the whole amount of Pt present in the
C-layers is assumed to be within the broadened interface, it l eads to larger
interface roughness values, inconsistent with those determined by the XRR
technique. Constraining the interface roughness values to those determined by
the XRR technique, requires an additional amount of dissolved Pt in the
C-layers to expl ain the Pt fluorescence yield excited by the standing wave
field. This analysis provides the average composition Pt$_{x}$C$_{1-x}$ of the
C-layers .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128033 </DOCNO>
Cluster detection from surface-brightness fluctuations in SDSS data


  Galaxy clusters can be detected as surface brightness enhancements in
smoothed optical surveys. This method does not require individual galaxies to
be identifiable, and enables clusters to be detected out to surprisingly high
redshifts, as recently demonstrated by the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey
(LCDCS). Here, we investigate redshift limits for cluster detection in the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Calibrating assumptions about the surface
brightness profile, the mass-to-light ratio, and the spectral energy
distribution of galaxy clusters using available observational data, we show
that it should be possible to detect galaxy groups out to redshifts of ~0.5,
and massive galaxy clusters out to redshifts of ~1.2 in summed r'+i'+z' SDSS
data. Redshift estimates can be derived from the SDSS magnitudes of brightest
cluster members out to redshifts near unity. Over the area of sky it covers,
SDSS should find >~98% of the clusters detectable by the Planck satellite
through the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. The few Planck clusters not
detected in SDSS will almost all be at z>~1.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129092 </DOCNO>
On the "initial" Angular Momentum of Galaxies


  Spherical density profiles and specific angular momentum profiles of Dark
Matter halos found in cosmological N-body simulations have been measured
extensively. The distribution of the total angular momentum of dark matter
halos is also used routinely in semi-analytic modeling of the formation of disk
galaxies. However, it is unclear whether the initial (i.e. at the time the halo
is assembled) angular momentum distributions of baryons is related to the dark
matter at all. Theoretical models for ellipticities in weak lensing studies
often rely on an assumed correlation of the angular momentum vectors of dark
matter and gas in galaxies. Both of these assumptions are shown to be in
reasonable agreement with high resolution cosmological smoothed particle
hydrodynamical simulations that follow the dark matter as long as only
adiabatic gas physics are included. However, we argue that in more realistic
models of galaxy formation one expects pressure forces to play a significant
role at turn--around. Consequently the torquing force on DM and baryons will be
uncorrelated and their respective angular momenta are not expected to align. An
SPH simulation with ad-hoc feedback is presented that illustrates these
effects. Massive low redshift elliptical galaxies may be a notable exception
where "light may trace mass".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73863 </DOCNO>
A Brief Summary of the Group-Variation Equations


  A brief summary is given of the Group-Variation Equations and the island
diagram confinement mechanism, with an explanation of the prediction that the
cylinder-topology minimal-area spanning surface term in the correlation
function of two Wilson loops at large $N_c$, when it exists, must have a
pre-exponential factor, which for large area $A$ of the minimal-area
cylinder-topology spanning surface, decreases with increasing $A$ at least as
fast as $1/\ln(\sigma A)$, where $\sigma$ is the area law parameter. This
prediction is expected to be testable in lattice calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123611 </DOCNO>
Strange quark stars within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model


  We investigate the properties of charge-neutral $\beta$-equilibrium cold
quark matter within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The calculations are carried
out for different ratios of coupling constants characterizing the vector and
scalar 4-fermion interaction, $\xi\equiv G_V/G_S$. It is shown that for $\xi <
0.4$ matter is self-bound and for $\xi < 0.65$ it has a first order phase
transition of the liquid-gas type. The Gibbs conditions in the mixed phase are
applied for the case of two chemical potentials associated with the baryon
number and electric charge. The characteristics of the quark stars are
calculated for $\xi = 0, 0.5$ and 1. It is found that the phase transition
leads to a strong density variation at the surface of these stars. For $\xi =
1$ the properties of quark stars show behaviors typical for neutron stars. At
$\xi\goo 0.4$ the stars near to the maximum mass have a large admixture of
strange quarks in their interiors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168600 </DOCNO>
Conditional Dynamics of Open Quantum Systems: Conditional Dynamics of


  Many observers can simultaneously measure different parts of an environment
of a quantum system in order to find out its state. To study this problem we
generalize the formalism of conditional master equations to the multiple
observer case. To settle some issues of principle which arise in this context
(as the state of the system and of the environment are ultimately correlated),
we consider an example of a system qubit interacting through controlled nots
(CNOTs) with environmental qubits. The state of the system is the easiest to
find out for observers who measure in a basis of the environment which is most
correlated with the pointer basis of the system. In this case the observers
agree the most. Furthermore, the more predictable the pointers are, the easier
it is to find the state of the system, and the better is the agreement between
different observers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128828 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Brightest Cluster Galaxies in X-Ray Clusters


  A recent paper (Burke, Collins & Mann 2000) presents the analysis of the
K-band Hubble diagram of 76 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in X-ray clusters
and shows that the properties of BCGs depend on the X-ray luminosity (Lx) of
their host clusters. Unfortunately, the low numbers of nearby clusters in this
sample makes it difficult to constrain evolutionary trends. In this letter we
extend the Hubble diagram of Burke et al. (2000) to a total of 155 clusters
using new data on 79 BCGs at z<0.1 from the 2MASS extended source catalogue. We
show that the major division between BCGs in high and low-Lx clusters
disappears at z<0.1, with BCGs having similar absolute magnitudes independent
of the X-ray luminosity of their host clusters. At larger redshifts the K-band
light of BCGs in high-Lx systems is consistent with little or no merging back
to z~0.8, whereas BCGs in the low-Lx systems have a different evolutionary
history, with many increasing their mass by a factor >4 since z~1. This
provides direct evidence of hierarchical merging in a galaxy population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75379 </DOCNO>
Effective Potential and KK-Renormalization Scheme in a 5D Supersymmetric


  We calculate the 1-loop effective potential in a supersymmetric model in 5D
with $S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2)$ orbifold compactification. The procedure of
calculation consists of evaluating first the integrals over four-momenta using
the dimensional regularization and then the sum over Kaluza-Klein modes using
the zeta-regularization. We show that both fermionic and bosonic contributions
are separately finite and argue that, supersymmetry is not necessary for the
finiteness of the theory at 1-loop. Also, some general arguments on the
finiteness of the theory with arbitrary number of extra dimensions are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3120 </DOCNO>
Planar Superconductor-Normal-Superconductor Josephson Junctions in MgB2


  Since the discovery of superconductivity in MgB2 considerable progress has
been made in determining the physical properties of the material, which are
promising for bulk conductors. Tunneling studies show that the material is
reasonably isotropic and has a well-developed s-wave energy gap (&#8710;),
implying that electronic devices based on MgB2 could operate close to 30K.
Although a number of groups have reported the formation of thin films by
post-reaction of precursors, heterostructure growth is likely to require
considerable technological development, making single-layer device structures
of most immediate interest. MgB2 is unlike the cuprate superconductors in that
grain boundaries do not form good Josephson junctions, and although a SQUID
based on MgB2 nanobridges has been fabricated, the nanobridges themselves do
not show junction-like properties. Here we report the successful creation of
planar MgB2 junctions by localised ion damage in thin films. The critical
current (IC) of these devices is strongly modulated by applied microwave
radiation and magnetic field. The product of the critical current and normal
state resistance (ICRN) is remarkably high, implying a potential for very high
frequency applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148493 </DOCNO>
A suggestion for an integrability notion for two dimensional spin


  We suggest that trialgebraic symmetries migth be a sensible starting point
for a notion of integrability for two dimensional spin systems. For a simple
trialgebraic symmetry we give an explicit condition in terms of matrices which
a Hamiltonian realizing such a symmetry has to satisfy and give an example of
such a Hamiltonian which realizes a trialgebra recently given by the authors in
another paper. Besides this, we also show that the same trialgebra can be
realized on a kind of Fock space of q-oscillators, i.e. the suggested
integrability concept gets via this symmetry a close connection to a kind of
noncommutative quantum field theory, paralleling the relation between the
integrability of spin chains and two dimensional conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4969 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic fluctuations and instabilities in ordered suspensions of


  We construct the hydrodynamic equations for {\em suspensions} of
self-propelled particles (SPPs) with spontaneous orientational order, and make
a number of striking, testable predictions:(i) SPP suspensions with the
symmetry of a true {\em nematic} are {\em always} absolutely unstable at long
wavelengths.(ii) SPP suspensions with {\em polar}, i.e., head-tail {\em
asymmetric}, order support novel propagating modes at long wavelengths,
coupling orientation, flow, and concentration. (iii) In a wavenumber regime
accessible only in low Reynolds number systems such as bacteria, polar-ordered
suspensions are invariably convectively unstable.(iv) The variance in the
number N of particles, divided by the mean <N>, diverges as $<N >^{2/3}$ in
polar-ordered SPP suspensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125552 </DOCNO>
Physics Input from Multiwavelength Observations of AGN


  The current status of leptonic jet models for blazars is reviewed.
Differences between the quasar and BL-Lac subclasses of blazars may be
understood in terms of the dominance of different radiation mechanisms in the
gamma-ray regime. Spectral variability patterns of different blazar subclasses
appear to be significantly different and require different intrinsic mechanisms
causing gamma-ray flares. As examples, recent results of long-term
multiwavelength monitoring of PKS 0528+134, 3C 279, and Mrk 501 are interpreted
in the framework of leptonic jet models. Short-term variability patterns give
important additional clues about the source geometry and the relevant radiation
mechanisms in blazars. Challenges for future observational efforts are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124743 </DOCNO>
Neutrino-pair radiation form neutron star crusts: Collective effects


  We present a method to calculate $\nu \bar{\nu}$ energy losses from neutron
star crusts, which automatically takes into account for collective effects, and
allows to calculate the total emissivity without a separate consideration of
particular processes. We show that the formula we obtain describe the known
results for the emissivity due to plasmon decay and Bremsstrahlung from
degenerate electrons, when one of this processes dominates. In the case of low
temperatures, our formula gives a suppression of the electron vector
weak-current contribution to $\nu \bar{\nu}$ Bremsstrahlung, due to the
collective effects discussed in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5005 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of Charge Transport in Quantum-Cascade Lasers


  The first global quantum simulation of semiconductor-based quantum-cascade
lasers is presented. Our three-dimensional approach allows to study in a purely
microscopic way the current-voltage characteristics of state-of-the-art
unipolar nanostructures, and therefore to answer the long-standing
controversial question: is charge transport in quantum-cascade lasers mainly
coherent or incoherent? Our analysis shows that: (i) Quantum corrections to the
semiclassical scenario are minor; (ii) Inclusion of carrier-phonon and
carrier-carrier scattering gives excellent agreement with experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125550 </DOCNO>
Long Period Variable Stars: galactic populations and infrared luminosity


  In this paper HIPPARCOS astrometric and kinematic data are used to calibrate
both infrared luminosities and kinematical parameters of Long Period Variable
stars (LPVs). Individual absolute K and IRAS 12 and 25 luminosities of 800 LPVs
are determined and made available in electronic form.
  The estimated mean kinematics is analyzed in terms of galactic populations.
LPVs are found to belong to galactic populations ranging from the thin disk to
the extended disk. An age range and a lower limit of the initial mass is given
for stars of each population. A difference of 1.3mag in K for the upper limit
of the Asymptotic Giant Branch is found between the disk and old disk galactic
populations, confirming its dependence on the mass in the main sequence.
  LPVs with a thin envelope are distinguished using the estimated mean IRAS
luminosities. The level of attraction (in the classification sense) of each
group for the usual classifying parameters of LPVs (variability and spectral
types) is examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123711 </DOCNO>
Surface features, rotation and atmospheric variability of ultra cool


  Photometric I band light curves of 21 ultra cool M and L dwarfs are
presented. Variability with amplitudes of 0.01 to 0.055 magnitudes (RMS) with
typical timescales of an hour to several hours are discovered in half of these
objects. Periodic variability is discovered in a few cases, but interestingly
several variable objects show no significant periods, even though the
observations were almost certainly sensitive to the expected rotation periods.
It is argued that in these cases the variability is due to the evolution of the
surface features on timescales of a few hours. This is supported in the case of
2M1145 for which no common period is found in two separate light curves. It is
speculated that these features are photospheric dust clouds, with their
evolution possibly driven by rotation and turbulence. An alternative
possibility is magnetically-induced surface features. However, chromospheric
activity undergoes a sharp decrease between M7 and L1, whereas a greater
occurrence of variability is observed in objects later than M9, lending support
to the dust interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168835 </DOCNO>
Remote control of restricted sets of operations: Teleportation of Angles


  We study the remote implementation of a unitary transformation on a qubit. We
show the existence of non-trivial protocols (i.e., using less resources than
bidirectional state teleportation) which allow the perfect remote
implementation of certain continuous sets of quantum operations. We prove that,
up to a local change of basis, only two subsets exist that can be implemented
remotely with a non-trivial protocol: Arbitrary rotations around a fixed
direction $\vec{n}$ and rotations by a fixed angle around an arbitrary
direction lying in a plane orthogonal to $\vec{n}$. The overall classical
information and distributed entanglement cost required for the remote
implementation depends on whether it is a priori known to which of the two
teleportable subsets the transformation belongs to. If it is so, the optimal
protocol consumes one e-bit of entanglement and one c-bit in each direction. If
the subset is not known, two e-bits of entanglement need to be consumed while
the classical channel becomes asymmetric, two c-bits are conveyed from Alice to
Bob but only one from Bob to Alice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74367 </DOCNO>
Computing the perturbative gluon condensate


  The normalization of the gluon condensate and of renormalon-related power
corrections in QCD is computed under the assumption that their ``perturbative''
part dominates over any eventual extra contribution from the non-trivial
vacuum. The calculation is performed in the infrared finite coupling framework,
assuming an infrared fixed point is present in the perturbative coupling down
to low values of N_f. The freezing perturbative coupling is reconstructed using
a Banks-Zaks expansion approach. Parameter-free predictions of the low energy
moments of the coupling, which determine the process-independent part of the
power corrections, are obtained for a number of choices of the running
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73867 </DOCNO>
Early-universe constraints on a Primordial Scaling Field


  In the past years 'quintessence' models have been considered which can
produce the accelerated expansion in the universe suggested by recent
astronomical observations. One of the key differences between quintessence and
a cosmological constant is that the energy density in quintessence,
$\Omega_\phi$, could be a significant fraction of the overall energy even in
the early universe, while the cosmological constant will be dynamically
relevant only at late times. We use standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the
observed abundances of primordial nuclides to put constraints on $\Omega_\phi$
at temperatures near $T \sim 1MeV$. We point out that current experimental data
does not support the presence of such a field, providing the strong constraint
$\Omega_\phi(MeV) < 0.045$ at $2\sigma$ C.L. and strengthening previous
results. We also consider the effect a scaling field has on CMB anisotropies
using the recent data from Boomerang and DASI, providing the CMB constraint
$\Omega_\phi \le 0.39$ at $2\sigma$ during the radiation dominated epoch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168115 </DOCNO>
Schrodinger equation from an exact uncertainty principle


  An exact uncertainty principle, formulated as the assumption that a classical
ensemble is subject to random momentum fluctuations of a strength which is
determined by and scales inversely with uncertainty in position, leads from the
classical equations of motion to the Schrodinger equation. Thus there is an
exact formulation of the uncertainty principle which precisely captures the
essence of what is "quantum" about quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72707 </DOCNO>
Light Gauginos - a Solution to More than the EDMs?


  In this talk I want to present questions that remained unclear to me in the
last years. These questions concern the Electric Dipole Moments of electron and
neutron and the way people exclude regions of parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 146 </DOCNO>
On the solvable multi-species reaction-diffusion processes


  A family of one-dimensional multi-species reaction-diffusion processes on a
lattice is introduced. It is shown that these processes are exactly solvable,
provided a nonspectral matrix equation is satisfied. Some general remarks on
the solutions to this equation, and some special solutions are given. The
large-time behavior of the conditional probabilities of such systems are also
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179358 </DOCNO>
Vector meson photoproduction in the quark model


  We present a quark model study of the $\omega$ meson photoproduction near
threshold. With a limited number of parameters, all the data in history are
reproduced. The roles played by the {\it s}- and {\it u}-channel processes
(resonance excitations and nucleon pole terms), as well as the {\it t}-channel
{\it natural} (Pomeron) and {\it unnatural} parity (pion) exchanges are
clarified. This approach provides a framework for systematic study of vector
meson photoproduction near threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74248 </DOCNO>
Electroweak symmetry breaking from dimensional deconstruction


  We propose a new class of four-dimensional theories for natural electroweak
symmetry breaking, relying neither on supersymmetry nor on strong dynamics at
the TeV scale. The new TeV physics is perturbative, and radiative corrections
to the Higgs mass are finite. The softening of this mass occurs because the
Higgs is an extended object in theory space, resulting in an accidental
symmetry. A novel Higgs potential emerges naturally, requiring a second light
SU(2) doublet scalar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74495 </DOCNO>
Parametric resonance at the critical temperature in high energy heavy


  Parametric resonance in soft modes at the critical temperature ($T_{c}$) in
high energy heavy ion collisions is studied in the case when the temperature
($T$) of the system is almost constant for a long time. By deviding the fields
into three parts, zero mode (condensate), soft modes and hard modes and
assuming that the hard modes are in thermal equilibrium, we derive the equation
of motion for soft modes at $T=T_{c}$. Enhanced modes are extracted by
comparing with the Mathieu equation for the condensate oscillating along the
sigma axis at $T=T_{c}$. It is found that the soft mode of $\pi$ fields at
about 174 MeV is enhanced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95832 </DOCNO>
Equivariant cohomology and equivariant characteristic numbers of a


  Let G be a compact connected Lie group with maximal torus T, and H a closed
subgroup containing T . We compute the equivariant cohomology ring and the
equivariant characteristic numbers of the homogeneous space G/H under the
natural action of the maximal torus T . The computation is based on the
localization theorems of Borel and of Atiyah-Bott-Berline-Vergne.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97546 </DOCNO>
Classification and existence of doubly-periodic instantons


  We present a classification of SU(2) instantons on $T^2\times\mathbb{R}^2$
according to their asymptotic behaviour. We then study the existence of such
instantons for different values of the asymptotic parameters, describing
explicitly the moduli space for unit charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76563 </DOCNO>
The Status of Charmonium Production in Photon-Photon Collisions


  The status of Charmonium production in photon-photon collisions is briefly
reviewed. I would like to mention that although the preliminary data were
obtained in experiment, the theoretical investigation is not in a compatible
status.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123911 </DOCNO>
On the Fast Spectral Variability of GRBs


  Fast spectral variability of gamma-ray burst emission is considered for a
number of events seen by the Konus-Wind experiment. The variability manifests
itself as a strong correlation between instantaneous energy flux $F$ and peak
energy $E_p$. In the ($F,E_p$) plane, the correlation produces distinct tracks
in the form of branches and loops representing the different parts of a burst
time history. Despite the variety of features seen in different events, the
main characteristics of the spectral evolution produce a quite consistent
pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98201 </DOCNO>
Cohen-Macaulay quotients of normal semigroup rings via irreducible


  Every quotient R/I of a semigroup ring R by a radical monomial ideal I has a
unique minimal injective-like resolution by direct sums of quotients of R
modulo prime monomial ideals. The quotient R/I is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if
every summand in cohomological degree $i$ has dimension exactly dim(R/I) - i.
This Cohen-Macaulay characterization reduces to the Eagon-Reiner theorem by
Alexander duality when R is a polynomial ring. The proof exploits a graded
ring-theoretic generalization of the Zeeman spectral sequence, thereby also
providing a combinatorial topological version for polyhedral cell complexes,
involving no commutative algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75418 </DOCNO>
Natural Magnetogenesis from Inflation


  We consider the gravitational generation of the massive Z-boson field of the
standard model, due to the natural breaking of its conformal invariance during
inflation. The electroweak symmetry restoration at the end of inflation turns
the almost scale-invariant superhorizon Z-spectrum into a hypermagnetic field,
which transforms into a regular magnetic field at the electroweak phase
transition. The mechanism is generic and is shown to generate a superhorizon
spectrum of the form B~1/L on a length-scale L regardless of the choice of
inflationary model. Scaled to the epoch of galaxy formation such a field
suffices to trigger the galactic dynamo and explain the observed galactic
magnetic fields in the case of a spatially flat, dark energy dominated Universe
with GUT-scale inflation. The possibility of further amplification of the
generated field by preheating is also investigated. To this end we study a
model of Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation with a Flipped SU(5) grand unified
symmetry group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97773 </DOCNO>
Some remarks concerning integrals of curvature on curves and surfaces


  In these notes we discuss some relations between complex analysis
(derivatives of Cauchy integrals) and curvatures of curves and surfaces. In
higher dimensions the Cauchy integrals are based on generalizations of complex
analysis using quarternions or Clifford algebras. These topics came up in
"Analysis of and on Uniformly Rectifiable Sets" (with Guy David, American
Mathematical Society, 1993), and here we describe some of the basic points
involved. A presentation based on this paper was made at the AMS Special
Session "Surface Geometry and Shape Perception" (Hoboken, 2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87093 </DOCNO>
Calculating the gravitational self force in Schwarzschild spacetime


  We present a practical method for calculating the local gravitational
self-force (often called ``radiation-reaction force'') for a pointlike particle
orbiting a Schwarzschild black hole. This is an implementation of the method of
{\it mode-sum regularization}, in which one first calculates the (finite)
contribution to the force due to each individual multipole mode of the
perturbation, and then applies a certain regularization procedure to the mode
sum. Here we give the values of all the ``regularization parameters'' required
for implementing this regularization procedure, for any geodesic orbit in
Schwarzschild spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6543 </DOCNO>
Multi-phonon Raman scattering in semiconductor nanocrystals: importance


  Multi-phonon Raman scattering in semiconductor nanocrystals is treated taking
into account both adiabatic and non-adiabatic phonon-assisted optical
transitions. Because phonons of various symmetries are involved in scattering
processes, there is a considerable enhancement of intensities of multi-phonon
peaks in nanocrystal Raman spectra. Cases of strong and weak band mixing are
considered in detail. In the first case, fundamental scattering takes place via
internal electron-hole states and is participated by s- and d-phonons, while in
the second case, when the intensity of the one-phonon Raman peak is strongly
influenced by the interaction of an electron and of a hole with interface
imperfections (e. g., with trapped charge), p-phonons are most active.
Calculations of Raman scattering spectra for CdSe and PbS nanocrystals give a
good quantitative agreement with recent experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96539 </DOCNO>
Canonical extension of endomorphisms of type III factors


  We extend the notion of the canonical extension of automorphisms of type III
factors to the case of endomorphisms with finite statistical dimensions.
Following the automorphism case, we introduce two notions for endomorphisms of
type III factors: modular endomorphisms and Connes-Takesaki modules. Several
applications to compact groups of automorphisms and subfactors of type III
factors are given from the viewpoint of ergodic theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95402 </DOCNO>
Twistor theory of pseudoholomorphic curves


  We find that a twistor theory of pseudoholomorphic curves in 4--manifolds is
possible only if the notion of almost complex structure structure is slightly
generalized. The resulting structure is as easy (perhaps easier) to work with,
and we prove many analogues of results in complex surface theory, using a
description of the local geometry via Cartan's method of equivalence. We also
use twistor theory to uncover a new infinite dimensional family of geometric
integrable systems. These are the first steps toward geometry on moduli spaces
of pseudoholomorphic curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5254 </DOCNO>
Exceptional boundary states at c=1


  We consider the CFT of a free boson compactified on a circle, such that the
compactification radius $R$ is an irrational multiple of $R_{selfdual}$. Apart
from the standard Dirichlet and Neumann boundary states, Friedan suggested [1]
that an additional 1-parameter family of boundary states exists. These states
break U(1) symmetry of the theory, but still preserve conformal invariance. In
this paper we give an explicit construction of these states, show that they are
uniquely determined by the Cardy-Lewellen sewing constraints, and we study the
spectrum in the `open string channel', which is given here by a continous
integral with a nonnegative measure on the space of conformal weights.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3006 </DOCNO>
Maximal Height Scaling of Kinetically Growing Surfaces


  The scaling properties of the maximal height of a growing self-affine surface
with a lateral extent $L$ are considered. In the late-time regime its value
measured relative to the evolving average height scales like the roughness:
$h^{*}_{L} \sim L^{\alpha}$. For large values its distribution obeys
$\log{P(h^{*}_{L})} \sim -A({h^{*}_{L}}/L^{\alpha})^{a}$, charaterized by the
exponential-tail exponent $a$. In the early-time regime where the roughness
grows as $t^{\beta}$, we find $h^{*}_{L} \sim t^{\beta}[\ln{L}-({\beta\over
\alpha})\ln{t} + C]^{1/b}$ where either $b=a$ or $b$ is the corresponding
exponent of the velocity distribution. These properties are derived from
scaling and extreme-values arguments. They are corroborated by numerical
simulations and supported by exact results for surfaces in 1D with the
asymptotic behavior of a Brownian path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125318 </DOCNO>
The distribution of exoplanet masses


  The present study derives the distribution of secondary masses M2 for the 67
exoplanets and very low-mass brown dwarf companions of solar-type stars, known
as of April 4, 2001. This distribution is related to the distribution of M2 sin
i through an integral equation of Abel's type. Although a formal solution
exists for this equation, it is known to be ill-behaved, and thus very
sensitive to the statistical noise present in the input M2 sin i distribution.
To overcome that difficulty, we present two robust, independent approaches: (i)
the formal solution of the integral equation is numerically computed after
performing an optimal smoothing of the input distribution, (ii) the
Lucy-Richardson algorithm is used to invert the integral equation. Both
approaches give consistent results. The resulting statistical distribution of
exoplanet true masses reveals that there is no reason to ascribe the transition
between giant planets and brown dwarfs to the threshold mass for deuterium
ignition (about 13 MJ). The M2 distribution shows instead that all the objects
have M2 < 10 MJ, except the heavier candidates which cluster around 15 MJ.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150301 </DOCNO>
The noncommutative sine-Gordon system


  Using the bicomplex approach we derive the equations of motion for the
sine-Gordon system in a two-dimensional noncommutative Euclidean space. They
are a system of two coupled equations which reduce to ordinary sine-Gordon when
the noncommutation parameter is removed. We show that the system has an
infinite number of conserved currents and we give the general recursive
relation for constructing them. For the particular cases of lower spin
nontrivial currents we work out the explicit expressions and perform a direct
check of their conservation. We find classical ``localized'' solutions to first
order in the noncommutativity parameter and describe the Backlund
transformations for our system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168559 </DOCNO>
Spin squeezing of atoms by Rydberg blockade


  We show that the interaction between Rydberg atomic states can provide
continuous spin squeezing of atoms with two ground states. The interaction
prevents the simultaneous excitation of more than a single atom in the sample
to the Rydberg state, and we propose to utilize this blockade effect to realize
an effective collective spin hamiltonian J_x^2-J_y^2. With this hamiltonian the
quantum mechanical uncertainty of the spin variable J_x+J_y can be reduced
significantly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3477 </DOCNO>
Time-reversal symmetry breaking by ac field: Effect of commensurability


  It is shown that the variance of the linear dc conductance fluctuations in an
open quantum dot under a high-frequency ac pumping depends significantly on the
spectral content of the ac field. For a sufficiently strong ac field the dc
conductance fluctuations are much stronger for the periodic pumping than in the
case of the noise ac field of the same intensity. The reduction factor r in a
static magnetic field takes the universal value of 2 only for the white-noise
pumping. In general r may deviate from 2 thus signalling on the time-reversal
symmetry breaking by the ac field. For the bi-harmonic ac field of the form
A(t)=A_{0} [cos(\omega_{1} t)+cos(\omega_{2} t)] we predict the enchancement of
effects of T-symmetry breaking at commensurate frequencies
\omega_{2}/\omega_{1}=P/Q. In the high-temperature limit there is also the
parity effect: the enchancement is only present if either P or Q is even.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99136 </DOCNO>
Real Quartic Surfaces in RP_3 containing 16 Skew Lines


  In [BN] the authors construct a special complex of degree 20 over M, which
for an open three dimensional set parametrizes smooth complex surfaces of
degree four invariant which are Heisenberg invariant and each member of the
family contains 32 lines but only 16 skew lines. The coordinates of the lines
however need not be real. For a point l in a Zariski open set of M an algorithm
is presented which evaluates the real coefficients of l in terms of the
K-coordinates of l. The author uses a code in Maple which allows him to
construct very explicite examples of real smooth Heisenberg invariant Kummer
surfaces containing the special configuration of 16 real skew lines. An example
is constructed at the end of the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4550 </DOCNO>
Quantum Spin Nemetic States in Bose-Einstein Condensates($^{23}Na$)


  I review recent discoveries of hidden symmetries and topological orders in
spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of $^{23}Na$. For spin 1 bosons with
two-body scatterings dominated by the total spin equal to 2 channel, the BEC
are in quantum spin nematic states at a low density limit. There are two hidden
symmetries or orders in the BEC enforced by the two-body scatterings. A
discrete $Z_2$ symmetry is to preserve the invariance of the many-body
wavefunctions under an inversion of order parameters in the internal space
$[S^1\times S^2]/Z_2$. An order in the U(1)-connection fields is to ensure the
conservation of the topological charges in the spin wavefunctions. The
influence of the hidden $Z_2$ symmetry and the U(1)-type quantum order is
explored in both symmetry broken states and symmetry unbroken ones,
particularly in connections with the composition of topological excitations and
spin fractionalization in collective excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96096 </DOCNO>
Wave-Function renormalization and the Hopf algebra of Connes and Kreimer


  In this talk, we show how the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra morphism can be
extended when taking into account the wave-function renormalization. This leads
us to a semi-direct product of invertible power series by formal
diffeomorphisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123747 </DOCNO>
Sub-electron read noise at MHz pixel rates


  A radically new CCD development by Marconi Applied Technologies has enabled
substantial internal gain within the CCD before the signal reaches the output
amplifier. With reasonably high gain, sub-electron readout noise levels are
achieved even at MHz pixel rates. This paper reports a detailed assessment of
these devices, including novel methods of measuring their properties when
operated at peak mean signal levels well below one electron per pixel. The
devices are shown to be photon shot noise limited at essentially all light
levels below saturation. Even at the lowest signal levels the charge transfer
efficiency is good. The conclusion is that these new devices have radically
changed the balance in the perpetual trade-off between readout noise and the
speed of readout. They will force a re-evaluation of camera technologies and
imaging strategies to enable the maximum benefit to be gained from these
high-speed, essentially noiseless readout devices. This new LLLCCD technology,
in conjunction with thinning (backside illumination) should provide detectors
which will be very close indeed to being theoretically perfect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124686 </DOCNO>
Radiative Equilibrium and Temperature Correction in Monte Carlo


  We describe a general radiative equilibrium and temperature correction
procedure for use in Monte Carlo radiation transfer codes with sources of
temperature-independent opacity, such as astrophysical dust. The technique
utilizes the fact that Monte Carlo simulations track individual photon packets,
so we may easily determine where their energy is absorbed. When a packet is
absorbed, it heats a particular cell within the envelope, raising its
temperature. To enforce radiative equilibrium, the absorbed packet is
immediately re-emitted. To correct the cell temperature, the frequency of the
re-emitted packet is chosen so that it corrects the temperature of the spectrum
previously emitted by the cell. The re-emitted packet then continues being
scattered, absorbed, and re-emitted until it finally escapes from the envelope.
As the simulation runs, the envelope heats up, and the emergent spectral energy
distribution (SED) relaxes to its equilibrium value, without iteration. This
implies that the equilibrium temperature calculation requires no more
computation time than the SED calculation of an equivalent pure scattering
model with fixed temperature. In addition to avoiding iteration, our method
conserves energy exactly, because all injected photon packets eventually
escape. Furthermore, individual packets transport energy across the entire
system because they are never destroyed. This long-range communication, coupled
with the lack of iteration, implies that our method does not suffer the
convergence problems commonly associated with lambda-iteration. To verify our
temperature correction procedure, we compare our results to standard benchmark
tests, and finally we present the results of simulations for two-dimensional
axisymmetric density structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125677 </DOCNO>
Finding Brown Dwarf Companions with HST/NICMOS


  We present the results of a HST/NICMOS coronagraphic survey for the direct
detection of substellar companions within the young TW Hydrae and Tucana
Associations. At the distance of these associations, the lower mass limit of
detection, based on models, is well into the high mass planet region for
separations > 30 AU. Results presented here include spectra and proper motion
verification of two brown dwarf companions, TWA 5B and HR 7329B, located 100 AU
and 180 AU from their primaries, respectively. We also present a possible
exo-solar giant planet candidate located 125 AU from TWA 6. These few examples
demonstrate that the young associations remain fertile ground for discovery and
environmental study of planetary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97913 </DOCNO>
Computing Homotopy Types Using Crossed N-Cubes of Groups


  The aim of this paper is to explain how, through the work of a number of
people, some algebraic structures related to groupoids have yielded algebraic
descriptions of homotopy n-types. Further, these descriptions are explicit, and
in some cases completely computable, in a way not possible with the traditional
Postnikov systems, or with other models, such as simplicial groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96381 </DOCNO>
The W_t Transcendental Function and Quantum Mechanical Applications


  We discuss the function wt(x) defined via the implicit equation
wt(x)*tan[wt(x)]=x which appears in certain quantum mechanical and field
theoretic applications. We investigate its analytic structure, develop series
expansions for both small and large x, and provide various techniques for its
numerical evaluation in the complex plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98630 </DOCNO>
Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition for non-selfadjoint operators in


  For a class of non-selfadjoint h-pseudodifferential operators in dimension 2,
we determine all eigenvalues in an h-independent domain in the complex plane
and show that they are given by a Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition. No
complete integrability is assumed, and as a geometrical step in our proof, we
get a KAM-type theorem (without small divisors) in the complex domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126476 </DOCNO>
Confidence limits of evolutionary synthesis models III. On


  Evolutionary synthesis models are a fundamental tool to interpret the
properties of observed stellar systems. In order to achieve a meaningful
comparison between models and real data, it is necessary to calibrate the
models themselves, i.e. to evaluate the dispersion due to the discreteness of
star formation as well as the possible model errors. In this paper we show that
linear interpolations in the log M - log t_k plane, that are customary in the
evaluation of isochrones in evolutionary synthesis codes, produce unphysical
results. We also show that some of the methods used in the calculation of
time-integrated quantities (kinetic energy, and total ejected masses of
different elements) may produce unrealistic results. We propose alternative
solutions to solve both problems. Moreover, we have quantified the expected
dispersion of these quantities due to stochastic effects in stellar
populations. As a particular result, we show that the dispersion in the 14N/12C
ratio increases with time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96805 </DOCNO>
Quantum cohomology of the infinite dimensional generalized flag


  The quantum cohomology ring of the complex homogeneous infinite dimensional
manifold $LK/T$ is investigated in this paper. For $K$ simple of type $A_l$,
$B_l$ or $C_l$ it turns out that, similarly to a theorem of Kim on $QH^*(K/T)$,
the isomorphism type of $QH^*(LK/T)$ is in a natural and simple way determined
by the quantum first integrals of a certain (periodic) Toda lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113514 </DOCNO>
The coherent dynamics of photoexcited green fluorescent proteins


  The coherent dynamics of vibronic wave packets in the green fluorescent
protein is reported. At room temperature the non-stationary dynamics following
impulsive photoexcitation displays an oscillating optical transmissivity
pattern with components at 67 fs (497 cm-1) and 59 fs (593 cm-1). Our results
are complemented by ab initio calculations of the vibrational spectrum of the
chromophore. This analysis shows the interplay between the dynamics of the
aminoacidic structure and the electronic excitation in the primary optical
events of green fluorescent proteins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75883 </DOCNO>
A Constrained Standard Model: Effects of Fayet-Iliopoulos Terms


  In hep-ph/0011311 the one Higgs doublet standard model was obtained by an
orbifold projection of a 5D supersymmetric theory in an essentially unique way,
resulting in a prediction for the Higgs mass m_H = 127 \pm 8 GeV and for the
compactification scale 1/R = 370 \pm 70 GeV. The dominant one loop contribution
to the Higgs potential was found to be finite, while the above uncertainties
arose from quadratically divergent brane Z factors and from other higher loop
contributions. In hep-th/0108184, a quadratically divergent Fayet-Iliopoulos
term was found at one loop in this theory. We show that the resulting
uncertainties in the predictions for the Higgs boson mass and the
compactification scale are small, about 25% of the uncertainties quoted above,
and hence do not affect the original predictions. However, a tree level brane
Fayet-Iliopoulos term could, if large enough, modify these predictions,
especially for 1/R.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114228 </DOCNO>
Mini-stop bands in single-defect photonic crystal waveguides


  We numerically study single-defect photonic crystal waveguides obtained from
a triangular lattice of air holes in a dielectric background. It is found that,
for medium-high air filling ratios, the transmission has very small values in
narrow frequency regions lying inside the photonic band gap - the so-called
mini-stop bands. Two types of mini-stop bands are shown to exist; one of which
is due to the multimode nature of the waveguide. Their dependence on the length
of the waveguide and on the air filling ratio is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96704 </DOCNO>
Some introductory notes on quantum groups, quantum algebras, and their


  Some very elementary ideas about quantum groups and quantum algebras are
introduced and a few examples of their physical applications are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72890 </DOCNO>
Wandzura-Wilczek-type relations of $\rho$-meson wave functions


  We give the geometric Wandzura-Wilczek-type relations between the meson wave
functions of dynamical twist by means of the meson wave functions of geometric
twist. We discuss the difference between geometric and dynamical
Wandzura-Wilczek-type relations. Additionally, the interrelations between the
different twist notations of meson wave functions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6521 </DOCNO>
Specific heat of MgB$_2$ in a one- and a two-band model from


  The heat capacity anomaly at the transition to superconductivity of the
layered superconductor MgB$_2$ is compared to first-principles calculations
with the Coulomb repulsion, $\mu^\ast$, as the only parameter which is fixed to
give the measured $T_c$. We solve the Eliashberg equations for both an
isotropic one-band and a two-band model with different superconducting gaps on
the $\pi$ and $\sigma$ Fermi surfaces. The agreement with experiments is
considerably better for the two-band model than for the one-band model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3423 </DOCNO>
Injected Power Fluctuations in Langevin Equation


  In this paper, we consider the Langevin equation from an unusual point of
view, that is as an archetype for a dissipative system driven out of
equilibrium by an external excitation. Using path integral method, we compute
exactly the probability density function of the power (averaged over a time
interval of length $\tau$) injected (and dissipated) by the random force into a
Brownian particle driven by a Langevin equation. The resulting distribution, as
well as the associated large deviation function, display strong asymmetry,
whose origin is explained. Connections with the so-called ``Fluctuation
Theorem'' are thereafter discussed. Finally, considering Langevin equations
with a pinning potential, we show that the large deviation function associated
with the injected power is \textit{completely} \textit{insensitive} to the
presence of a potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86305 </DOCNO>
Calorimetry of gamma-ray bursts: echos in gravitational waves


  Black holes surrounded by a disk or torus may drive the enigmatic
cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Equivalence in poloidal topology to
pulsar magnetospheres shows a high incidence of the black hole-luminosity $L_H$
into the surrounding magnetized matter. We argue that this emission is
re-radiated into gravitational waves at $L_{GW}\simeq L_H/3$ in frequencies of
order 1kHz, winds and, potentially, MeV neutrinos. The total energy budget and
input to the GRB from baryon poor jets are expected to be standard in this
scenario, consistent with recent analysis of afterglow data. Collimation of
these outflows by baryon rich disk or torus winds may account for the observed
spread in opening angles up to about $35^o$. This model may be tested by future
LIGO/VIRGO observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168064 </DOCNO>
Realization of Optimal Disentanglement by Teleportation via Separable


  We discuss here the best disentanglement processes of states of two
two-level systems which belong to (i) the universal set, (ii) the set in which
the states of one party lie on a single great circle of the Bloch sphere, and
(iii) the set in which the states of one party commute with each other, by
teleporting the states of one party (on which the disentangling machine is
acting) through three particular type of separable channels, each of which is a
mixture of Bell states. In the general scenario, by teleporting one party's
state of an arbitrary entangled state of two two-level parties through some
mixture of Bell states, we have shown that this entangled state can be made
separable by using a physically realizable map $\tilde{V}$, acting on one
party's states, if $\tilde{V} (I) = I, \tilde{V} ({\sigma}_j) = {\lambda}_j
{\sigma}_j$, where ${\lambda}_j \ge 0$ (for $j = 1, 2, 3$), and ${\lambda}_1 +
{\lambda}_2 + {\lambda}_3 \le 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76562 </DOCNO>
Photon splitting in atomic fields


  Photon splitting due to vacuum polarization in the electric field of an atom
is considered. We survey different theoretical approaches to the description of
this nonlinear QED process and several attempts of its experimental
observation. We present the results of the lowest-order perturbation theory as
well as those obtained within the quasiclassical approximation being exact in
the external field strength. The experiment where photon splitting was really
observed for the first time is discussed in details. The results of this
experiment are compared with recent theoretical estimations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6817 </DOCNO>
Electronic Correlations Near a Peierls-CDW Transition


  Results of a phenomenological Monte carlo calculation for a 2D
electron-phonon Holstein model near a Peierls-CDW transition are presented.
Here the zero Matsubara frequency part of the phonon action is dominant and we
approximated it by a phenomenological form that as an Ising-like Peierls-CDW
transition. The resulting model is studied on a 32 by 32 lattice. The single
particle spectral weight A(k,\omega), the density of states N(\omega), and the
real part of the conductivity \sigma_1(\omega) all show evidence of a pseudogap
which develops in the low-energy electronic degrees of freedom as the
Peierls-CDW transition is approached

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85694 </DOCNO>
Tidal satellite perturbations and the Lense-Thirring effect


  The tiny general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect can be measured by means
of a suitable combination of the orbital residuals of the nodes of LAGEOS and
LAGEOS II and the perigee of LAGEOS II. This observable is affected, among
other factors, by the Earth' s solid and ocean tides. They induce long-period
orbital perturbations that, over observational periods of few years, may alias
the detection of the gravitomagnetic secular trend of interest. In this paper
we calculate explicitly the most relevant tidal perturbations acting upon
LAGEOSs and assess their influence on the detection of the Lense-Thirring
effect. The present day level of knowledge of the solid and ocean tides allow
us to conclude that their influence on it ranges from almost 4% over 4 years to
less than 2% over 7 years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72440 </DOCNO>
CMB Bispectrum from Active Models of Structure Formation


  We propose a new method for a numerical computation of the angular bispectrum
of the CMB anisotropies arising from active models such as cosmic topological
defects, using a modified Boltzmann code based on CMBFAST. The method does not
use CMB sky maps and requires moderate computational power. As a first
implementation, we apply our method to a recently proposed model of simulated
cosmic strings and estimate the observability of the non-Gaussian bispectrum
signal. A comparison with the cosmic variance of the bispectrum estimator shows
that the bispectrum for the simulated string model we used is not observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126884 </DOCNO>
The Infrared Continuum Radiation of NGC1808 : A PAH and Polarisation


  The paper is devoted to the understanding of the infrared emission of nuclear
regions in galaxies. a) ISO data of NGC1808 are presented: spectro--photometry
from 5.1 to 16.4 mic., a 25"x25" map at 6 mic. and 170mic. photometry. b) The
data are complemented by a polarization measurement at 170 mic. (2.5+/-0.4% at
position angle 94+/-5deg) and a map at 6 mic. In the map, the degree of
polarisation goes up to 20% in the outer regions. We argue that the
polarisation is produced by emission of big grains and exclude very small
grains and PAHs or scattering and extinction. c) The mid infrared spectrum
shows, beside the main emission bands, a so far unknown plateau of PAH features
in the >13 mic.region. d) The total spectrum can be fit under the assumption of
optically thin emission. However, such a model fails to reproduce the 25mic.
point and implies that the mid infrared is due to very small grains and PAHs.
These particles would then also have to be responsible for the 6 mic.
polarisation, which is unlikely. e) To avoid these difficulties, we
successfully turn to a radiative transfer model whose major feature is the
existence of (hot spots) produced by the dust clouds around OB stars. We
demonstrate the decisive influence on the mid infrared spectrum of both the
PAHs and the hot spots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114191 </DOCNO>
Numerical evidence of breaking of vortex lines in an ideal fluid


  Emergence of singularity of vorticity at a single point, not related to any
symmetry of the initial distribution, has been demonstrated numerically for the
first time. Behavior of the maximum of vorticity near the point of collapse
closely follows the dependence 1/(t0-t), where t0 is the time of collapse. This
agrees with the interpretation of collapse in an ideal incompressible fluid as
of the process of vortex lines breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74244 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of coupled bosonic systems with applications to preheating


  Coupled, multi-field models of inflation can provide several attractive
features unavailable in the case of a single inflaton field. These models have
a rich dynamical structure resulting from the interaction of the fields and
their associated fluctuations. We present a formalism to study the
nonequilibrium dynamics of coupled scalar fields. This formalism solves the
problem of renormalizing interacting models in a transparent way using
dimensional regularization. The evolution is generated by a renormalized
effective Lagrangian which incorporates the dynamics of the mean fields and
their associated fluctuations at one-loop order. We apply our method to two
problems of physical interest: (i) a simple two-field model which exemplifies
applications to reheating in inflation, and (ii) a supersymmetric hybrid
inflation model. This second case is interesting because inflation terminates
via a smooth phase transition which gives rise to a spinodal instability in one
of the fields. We study the evolution of the zero mode of the fields and the
energy density transfer to the fluctuations from the mean fields. We conclude
that back reaction effects can be significant over a wide parameter range. In
particular for the supersymmetric hybrid model we find that particle production
can be suppressed due to these effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99072 </DOCNO>
The geometric minimal models of analytic spaces


  This paper shows that an analytic space $X$ has a unique maximal model
through which every proper surjective morphism from a non-singular analytic
space to $X$ factors. This is called the {\sl geometric minimal model} of $X$
and characterized by the contraction property of rational curves. Some other
properties such as functoriality, the direct product property and the quotient
property of the geometric minimal model are also studied here. The relation of
the geometric minimal model with Mori's minimal model is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75534 </DOCNO>
Monopoles and Knots in Skyrme Theory


  We show that the Skyrme theory actually is a theory of monopoles which allows
a new type of solitons, the topological knots made of monopole-anti-monopole
pair,which is different from the well-known skyrmions. Furthermore, we derive a
generalized Skyrme action from the Yang-Mills action of QCD, which we propose
to be an effective action of QCD in the infra-red limit. We discuss the
physical implications of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76392 </DOCNO>
Equivalence Principle tests, Equivalence theorems and New long-range


  We discuss the possible existence of new long-range forces mediated by spin-1
or spin-0 particles. By adding their effects to those of gravity, they could
lead to apparent violations of the Equivalence Principle. While the vector part
in the couplings of a new spin-1 U boson involves, in general, a combination of
the B and L currents, there may also be, in addition, an axial part as well. If
the new force has a finite range \lambda, its intensity is proportional to
1/(\lambda^2 F^2), F being the extra U(1) symmetry-breaking scale.
  Quite surprisingly, particle physics experiments can provide constraints on
such a new force, even if it is extremely weak, the corresponding gauge
coupling being extremely small (<< 10^-19 !). An ``equivalence theorem'' shows
that a very light spin-1 U boson does not in general decouple even when its
gauge coupling vanishes, but behaves as a quasimassless spin-0 particle, having
pseudoscalar couplings proportional to 1/F. Similarly, in supersymmetric
theories, a very light spin-3/2 gravitino might be detectable as a quasi
massless spin-1/2 goldstino, despite the extreme smallness of Newton's
gravitational constant G_N, provided the supersymmetry-breaking scale is not
too large.
  Searches for such U bosons in \psi and \Upsilon decays restrict F to be
larger than the electroweak scale (the U actually becoming, as an axion, quasi
``invisible'' in particle physics for sufficiently large F). This provides
strong constraints on the corresponding new force and its associated EP
violations. We also discuss briefly new spin-dependent forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96102 </DOCNO>
Isomonodromic deformations and Hurwitz spaces


  A class of Riemann-Hilbert problems corresponding to quasi-permutation
monodromy matrices is solved in terms of Szeg\"o kernel on auxiliary Riemann
surfaces. The tau-function of Schlesinger system turns out to be closely
related to determinant of Cauchy-Riemann operator. The link between
theta-divisor and Malgrange's divisor in the theory of Schlesinger equations is
established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127517 </DOCNO>
The Lyman Break Galaxies: their Progenitors and Descendants


  We study the evolution of Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) from z=5 to z=0 by
tracing the merger trees of galaxies in a large-scale hydrodynamic simulation
based on a Lambda cold dark matter model. In particular, we emphasize on the
range of properties of the sample selected by the rest-frame V band luminosity,
in accordance with recent near-IR observations. The predicted rest-frame V band
luminosity function agrees well with the observed one when dust extinction is
taken into account. The stellar content and the star formation histories of
LBGs are also studied. We find that the LBGs intrinsically brighter than
Mv=-21.0 at z=3 have stellar masses of at least 10^9\Msun, with a median of
10^{10}h^{-1}\Msun. The brightest LBGs (Mv<-23) at z=3 merge into
clusters/groups of galaxies at z=0, as suggested from clustering studies of
LBGs. Roughly one half of the galaxies with -23<Mv<-22 at z=3 fall into
groups/clusters, and the other half become typical L* galaxies at z=0 with
stellar mass of ~10^{11}\Msun. Descendants of LBGs at the present epoch have
formed roughly 30% of their stellar mass by z=3, and the half of their current
stellar population is 10 Gyr old, favoring the scenario that LBGs are the
precursors of the present day spheroids. We find that the most luminous LBGs
have experienced a starburst within 500 Myr prior to z=3, but also have formed
stars continuously over a period of 1 Gyr prior to z=3 when all the star
formation in progenitors is coadded. We also study the evolution of the mean
stellar metallicity distribution of galaxies, and find that the entire
distribution shifts to lower metallicity at higher redshift. The observed
sub-solar metallicity of LBGs at z=3 is naturally predicted in our simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149110 </DOCNO>
The large Nc limit of N=2 super Yang-Mills, fractional instantons and


  We investigate the large Nc limit of pure N=2 supersymmetric gauge theory
with gauge group SU(Nc) by using the exact low energy effective action. Typical
one-complex dimensional sections of the moduli space parametrized by a global
complex mass scale v display three qualitatively different regions depending on
the ratio between |v| and the dynamically generated scale Lambda. At large
|v|/Lambda, instantons are exponentially suppressed as N goes to infinity. When
|v| is of order Lambda, singularities due to massless dyons occur. They are
densely distributed in rings of calculable thicknesses in the v-plane. At small
|v|/Lambda, instantons disintegrate into fractional instantons of charge
1/(2N). These fractional instantons give non-trivial contributions to all
orders of 1/N, unlike a planar diagrams expansion which generates a series in
1/N^2, implying the presence of open strings. We have explicitly calculated the
fractional instantons series in two representative examples, including the 1/N
and 1/N^2 corrections. Our most interesting finding is that the 1/N expansion
breaks down at singularities on the moduli space due to severe infrared
divergencies, a fact that has remarkable consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126219 </DOCNO>
Detection of Coronal Mass Ejections in V471 Tauri with the Hubble Space


  V471 Tauri, an eclipsing system consisting of a hot DA white dwarf (WD) and a
dK2 companion in a 12.5-hour orbit, is the prototype of the pre-cataclysmic
binaries. The late-type component is magnetically active, due to its being
constrained to rotate synchronously with the short orbital period. During a
program of UV spectroscopy of V471 Tau, carried out with the Goddard High
Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) onboard the Hubble Space Telescope, we
serendipitously detected two episodes in which transient absorptions in the Si
III 1206 A resonance line appeared suddenly, on a timescale of <2 min. The
observations were taken in a narrow spectral region around Ly-alpha, and were
all obtained near the two quadratures of the binary orbit, i.e., at maximum
projected separation (~3.3 Rsun) of the WD and K star.
  We suggest that these transient features arise when coronal mass ejections
(CME's) from the K2 dwarf pass across the line of sight to the WD. Estimates of
the velocities, densities, and masses of the events in V471 Tau are generally
consistent with the properties of solar CME's. Given our detection of 2 events
during 6.8 hr of GHRS observing, along with a consideration of the restricted
range of latitudes and longitudes on the K star's surface that can give rise to
trajectories passing in front of the WD as seen from Earth, we estimate that
the active V471 Tau dK star emits some 100-500 CME's per day, as compared to
1-3 per day for the Sun. The K dwarf's mass-loss rate associated with CME's is
at least (5-25) x 10^{-14} Msun/yr, but it may well be orders of magnitude
higher if most of the silicon is in ionization states other than Si III.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148207 </DOCNO>
Four-Dimensional Supergravities from Five-Dimensional Brane Worlds


  We give the explicit form of the four dimensional effective supergravity
action, which describes low energy physics of the Randall-Sundrum model with
moduli fields in the bulk and charged chiral matter living on the branes. The
relation between 5d and 4d physics is explicit: the low energy action is
derived from the compactification of a locally supersymmetric model in five
dimension. The presence of odd $Z_2$ parity scalars in the bulk gives rise to
effective potential for the radion in four dimensions. We describe the
mechanism of supersymmetry breaking mediation, which relies on non-trivial
configuration of these $Z_2$-odd bulk fields. Broken supersymmetry leads to
stabilization of the interbrane distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75528 </DOCNO>
On-Mass-Shell Renormalization of Fermion Mixing Matrices


  We consider favourable extensions of the standard model (SM) where the lepton
sector contains Majorana neutrinos with vanishing left-handed mass terms, thus
allowing for the see-saw mechanism to operate, and propose physical
on-mass-shell (OS) renormalization conditions for the lepton mixing matrices
that comply with ultraviolet finiteness, gauge-parameter independence, and
(pseudo)unitarity. A crucial feature is that the texture zero in the neutrino
mass matrix is preserved by renormalization, which is not automatically the
case for possible generalizations of existing renormalization prescriptions for
the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix in the SM. Our
renormalization prescription also applies to the special case of the SM and
leads to a physical OS definition of the renormalized CKM matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83891 </DOCNO>
Best Effort versus Spectrum Markets: Best Effort versus Spectrum


  This paper compares two models for delivering broadband wireless services:
best effort vs. QoS guaranteed services. The 'best effort' services we refer to
in this paper are more commonly known as unlicensed wireless services, while
the 'Quality of Service guaranteed' services are more commonly referred to as
traditional landline telephony, as well as cellular telephone services of
either the second or third generation.
  This paper highlights the differing 'market' versus 'engineering'
philosophies implicit in alternative wireless service architectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5172 </DOCNO>
Properties of small HTSC mesa structures: common problems of interlayer


  I analyze common problems of interlayer tunneling in Bi-2212 mesa structures,
such as self-heating and nonuniformity of junctions. Numerical simulations have
shown that self-heating does not mask the temperature dependence of the
superconducting gap. Major problems can be avoided by decreasing mesa sizes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81364 </DOCNO>
Effects of Quenching and Partial Quenching on QCD Penguin Matrix


  We point out that chiral transformation properties of penguin operators
change in the transition from unquenched to (partially) quenched QCD. The way
in which this affects the lattice determination of weak matrix elements can be
understood in the framework of (partially) quenched chiral perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148335 </DOCNO>
Dual theories for mixed symmetry fields. Spin-two case: (1,1) versus


  We show that the parent Lagrangian method gives a natural generalization of
the dual theories concept for non p-form fields. Using this generalization we
construct here a three-parameter family of Lagrangians that are dual to the
Fierz-Pauli description of a free massive spin-two system. The dual field is a
three-index tensor T, which dinamically belongs to the (2,1) representation of
the Lorentz group. As expected, the massless limit of our Lagrangian, which is
parameter independent, has two propagating degrees of freedom per space point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4491 </DOCNO>
Collective dynamics of hydrogen atoms in the KIO_3*HIO_3 crystal


  The behavior of the subsystem of hydrogen atoms of the KIO_3*HIO_3 crystal,
whose IR absorption spectra exhibit equidistant submaximums in the vicinity of
the maximums in the frequency range of stretching and bending vibrations of OH
bonds, is studied in the present work. It is shown that hydrogen atoms
co-operate in peculiar clusters in which, however, the hydrogen atoms do not
move from their equilibrium positions, but become to vibrate synchronously. The
interaction between the hydrogen atoms is associated with the overlapping their
matter waves, or more exactly, the waves' substructure, a very light
quasi-particles called inertons, which play the basic role in submicroscopic
quantum mechanics that has recently been constructed by the author. The number
of atoms, which compose the cluster, is calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129687 </DOCNO>
Observations of Stellar Objects at a Shell Boundary in the Star-Forming


  The single region of ongoing star formation in the galaxy IC 1613 has been
observed in order to reveal the nature of compact emission-line objects at the
edges of two shells in the complex, identified earlier in H-alpha line images.
The continuum images show these compact objects to be stars. Detailed
spectroscopic observations of these stars and the surrounding nebulae were
carried out with an integral field spectrograph MPFS mounted on the 6m
telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory. The resulting stellar
spectra were used to determine the spectral types and luminosity classes of the
objects. An Of star we identified is the only object of this spectral type in
IC 1613. The results of optical observations of the multi-shell complex are
compared to 21cm radio observations. The shells harboring the stars at their
boundaries constitute the most active part of the star-forming region. There is
evidence that shocks have played an important role in the formation of the
shells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148859 </DOCNO>
Adelic Strings and Noncommutativity


  We consider adelic approach to strings and spatial noncommutativity. Path
integral method to string amplitudes is emphasized. Uncertainties in spatial
measurements in quantum gravity are related to noncommutativity between
coordinates. p-Adic and adelic Moyal products are introduced. In particular,
p-adic and adelic counterparts of some real noncommutative scalar solitons are
constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127749 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Expansion: Theory and Observations


  The present paradigm in cosmology is the usual Big-Bang Cosmology in which
two stages of accelerated expansion are incorporated: the inflationary phase in
the very early universe which produces the classical inhomogeneities observed
in the universe, and a second stage of acceleration at the present time as the
latest Supernovae observations seem to imply. Both stages could be produced by
a scalar field and observations will strongly constrain the microscopic
lagrangian of any proposed model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72675 </DOCNO>
Remarks on photon-hadron interactions


  Theoretical aspects of VMD and related approaches to real photon-hadron
interaction are discussed. The work relies on special relativity, properties of
linearly polarized photons, angular momentum conservation and relevant
experiments. It is explained why VMD and similar approaches should not be
regarded as part of a theory but, at most, as phenomenological models. A
further experiment pertaining to this issue is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75048 </DOCNO>
A nuclear many-body theory at finite temperature applied to protoneutron


  Thermodynamical properties of nuclear matter are studied in the framework of
an effective many-body field theory at finite temperature, considering the
Sommerfeld approximation. We perform the calculations by using the nonlinear
Boguta and Bodmer model, extended by the inclusion of the fundamental baryon
octet and leptonic degrees of freedom. Trapped neutrinos are included in order
to describe protoneutron star properties through the integration of the
Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations, from which we obtain, beyond the standard
plots for the mass and radius of the protoneutron stars as functions of central
density, new plots of these quantities as functions of temperature. Our
predictions include the determination of an absolute value for the limiting
protoneutron star mass; new aspects on nuclear matter phase transition via the
behaviour of the specific heat and, through the inclusion of quark degrees of
freedom, the properties of a hadron-quark phase transition and of the hybrid
protoneutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1352 </DOCNO>
Chaos and the continuum limit in the gravitational N-body problem. I.


  This paper summarises a numerical investigation of the statistical properties
of orbits evolved in `frozen,' time-independent N-body realisations of smooth,
time-independent density distributions, allowing for 10^(2.5)<N<10^(5.5). Two
principal conclusions were reached: (1) In the limit of a nearly `unsoftened'
two-body kernel, the value of the largest Lyapunov exponent does NOT appear to
decrease systematically with increasing N. (2) Nevertheless, there is a clear
quantifiable sense in which, on the average, as N increases chaotic orbits in
the frozen-N systems come to more closely approximate characteristics in the
smooth potential. When viewed in configuration or velocity space, or as probed
by collisionless invariants like angular momentum, frozen-N orbits typically
diverge from smooth potential characteristics as a power law in time on a time
scale proportional to N^(1/2)t_D, with t_D a characteristic dynamical, or
crossing, time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169513 </DOCNO>
Atom correlations and spin squeezing near the Heisenberg limit: finite


  We analyze a model for spin squeezing based on the so-called counter-twisting
Hamiltonian, including the effects of dissipation and finite system size. We
discuss the conditions under which the Heisenberg limit, i.e. phase sensitivity
$\propto 1/N$, can be achieved. A specific implementation of this model based
on atom-atom interactions via quantized photon exchange is presented in detail.
The resulting excitation corresponds to the creation of spin-flipped atomic
pairs and can be used for fast generation of entangled atomic ensembles, spin
squeezing and apllications in quantum information processing. The conditions
for achieving strong spin squeezing with this mechanism are also analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41294 </DOCNO>
Determining the Factorization Parameter and Strong Phase Differences in


  The first observation of the color-suppressed decay mode \bar{B}^0_d -->
D^(*)0 \pi^0 by the Belle and CLEO Collaborations makes a quantitative analysis
of the isospin relations for the amplitudes of B --> D^(*)\pi possible. The
strong (isospin) phase difference in B --> D\pi transitions is found to be
about 29^\circ by use the Belle data or 26^\circ by use of the CLEO data,
implying that final-state interactions might not be negligible. Applying the
factorization approximation to I=3/2 and I=1/2 isospin amplitudes of B --> D\pi
decays, we obtain the ratio of the effective Wilson coefficients a^{eff}_1 and
a^{eff}_2: a^{eff}_2/a^{eff}_1 \approx 0.27. A similar analysis shows that the
magnitude of final-state interactions in B --> D^*\pi might be comparable with
that in B --> D\pi, and the factorization hypothesis works consistently in both
of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123708 </DOCNO>
Large scale geometry and evolution of a universe with radiation pressure


  In view of new experimental results that strongly suggest a non-zero
cosmological constant, it becomes interesting to revisit the Friedman-Lemaitre
model of evolution of a universe with cosmological constant and radiation
pressure. In this paper, we discuss the explicit solutions for that model and
perform numerical explorations for reasonable values of cosmological
parameters. We also analyse the behaviour of redshifts in such models and the
description of ``very large scale geometrical features'' when analysed by
distant observers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2576 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle States at a d-Wave Vortex Core in High-Tc Superconductors:


  The local density of states (LDOS) at one of the vortex lattice cores in a
high Tc superconductor is studied by using a self-consistent mean field theory
including interactions for both antiferromagnetism (AF) and d-wave
superconductivity (DSC). The parameters are chosen in such a way that in an
optimally doped sample the AF order is completely suppressed while DSC
prevails. In the mixed state, we show that the local AF-like SDW order appears
near the vortex core and acts as an effective local magnetic field on the
quasiparticles. As a result, the LDOS at the core exhibits a double-peak
structure near the Fermi level that is in good agreement with the STM
observations on YBCO and BSCCO. The presence of local AF order near the votex
core is also consistent with the recent neutron scattering experiment on LSCO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168996 </DOCNO>
The phase representation of covariant phase observables


  Covariant phase observables are obtained by defining simple conditions for
mappings from the set of phase wave functions (unit vectors of the Hardy space)
to the set of phase probability densities. The existence of phase probability
density for any phase wave function, the existence of interference effects, and
the natural phase shift covariance are those simple conditions. The
nonlocalizability of covariant phase observables is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72584 </DOCNO>
The sound velocity in an equilibrium hadron gas


  We calculate the velocity of sound in an ideal gas of massive hadrons with
non-vanishing baryon number. The gas is in thermal and chemical equilibrium.
Also we show that the temperature dependence $T(\tau) \cong T_{0} \cdot
({\tau_{0} \over \tau})^{c_{s}^{2}}$ is approximately valid, when the gas
expands longitudinally according to the Bjorken law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5243 </DOCNO>
Highly Degenerate Canted Spin Structure in Bilayer Manganite


  We have examined magnetic ordering of the two-dimensional (2D) bilayer
manganite La$_{1.1}$Sr$_{1.9}$Mn$_2$O$_7$ with neutron diffraction technique.
Due to the two-dimensionality, there appears intense 2D ridge scattering along
the tetragonal $(00l)$ direction, and the analyses of such scattering leads to
a conclusion that the low temperature spin structure is a canted
antiferromagnetic ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41776 </DOCNO>
Searching for WIMP Dark Matter: The case for Germanium Ionization


  An overview of the main strategies followed in the search for non-baryonic
particle dark matter in the form of WIMPs is given. To illustrate these
searches the case for Germanium ionization detectors is selected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126120 </DOCNO>
The [O III]4363 Emitting Region Obscured by Dusty Tori


  The emission-line flux ratio of [O III]4363/[O III]5007 is a useful
diagnostic for the ionization mechanism and physical properties of narrow-line
regions in active galactic nuclei. However, it is known that simple
photoionization models underpredict this ratio. In this contribution, we report
on some pieces of evidence that a large fraction of the [O III]4363 emission
arises from the dense gas, which can be obscured by dusty tori. Taking this
dense component into account, we show that the flux ratio of [O III]4363/[O
III]5007 can be explained by two-component photoionization models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125302 </DOCNO>
VLBA Polarimetry of Three Powerful Radio Galaxy Cores


  We present sensitive, high dynamic range, Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)
polarimetric observations of the cores of three powerful radio galaxies: 3C166,
3C236 and 3C390.3. Significant polarization is detected in one source (3C166)
allowing us to map out the Faraday Rotation Measure (RM) distribution and
projected magnetic field direction. The inner jet of 3C166 is found to have a
rest frame RM of -2300 rad/m**2, similar to those found in quasars cores. No
polarized flux was detected from the other two sources, but in both counterjets
are seen. The counterjet in 3C236 was previously known, but the detection in
3C390.3 is a new discovery. We suggest that the low fractional polarization in
radio galaxy cores is the result of Faraday depolarization by ionized gas
associated with the accretion disk. The lower polarization of radio galaxy
cores compared to quasars is then naturally explained by unified models as a
result of the viewing angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126759 </DOCNO>
Constraining the Collisional Nature of the Dark Matter Through


  We propose to use gravitational wakes as a direct observational probe of the
collisional nature of the dark matter. We calculate analytically the structure
of a wake generated by the motion of a galaxy in the core of an X-ray cluster
for dark matter in the highly-collisional and collisionless limits. We show
that the difference between these limits can be recovered from detailed X-ray
or weak lensing observations. We also discuss the sizes of sub-halos in these
limits. Preliminary X-ray data on the motion of NGC 1404 through the Fornax
group disfavors fluid-like dark matter but does not exclude scenarios in which
the dark matter is weakly collisional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75906 </DOCNO>
Scalar flavour-changing neutral currents in the large-tan(beta) limit


  We analyse scalar flavour-changing neutral currents of down-type quarks in
models with two Higgs doublets, coupled separately to up- and down-type quarks,
in the limit where the ratio of the two expectation values ($\tan \beta =
v_u/v_d$) is large. We clarify the origin of this phenomenon, both in $\Delta
F=1$ and $\Delta F=2$ processes, analysing differences and analogies between
supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric models. We confirm previous findings of a
sizeable enhancement at large $\tan\beta$ of specific $\Delta F=1$ and $\Delta
F=2$ amplitudes in the MSSM and, in these cases, we discuss how
large-$\tan\beta$ corrections can be controlled beyond lowest order. Finally,
we emphasize the unique role of the rare processes $B_{s,d} \to \tau^+ \tau^-$
and $B_{s,d} \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ in probing this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6841 </DOCNO>
Epitaxial Growth of Thin Films -- a Statistical Mechanical Model


  A theoretical framework is developed to describe experiments on the structure
of epitaxial thin films, particularly niobium on sapphire. We extend the
hypothesis of dynamical scaling to apply to the structure of thin films from
its conventional application to simple surfaces. We then present a
phenomenological continuum theory that provides a good description of the
observed scattering and the measured exponents. Finally the results of
experiment and theory are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128717 </DOCNO>
ISOCAM Mid-InfraRed Detection of HR 10: A Distant Clone of Arp 220 at


  We report the detection of the extremely red object (ERO), HR 10 (I-K= 6.5,
z=1.44), at 4.9 and 6.1 microns (rest-frame) with ISOCAM, the mid-infrared
(MIR) camera onboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). HR 10 is the first
ERO spectroscopically identified to be associated with an ultra-luminous IR
galaxy (ULIG) detected in the radio, MIR and sub-millimeter. The rest-frame
spectral energy distribution (SED) of HR 10 is amazingly similar to the one of
Arp 220, scaled by a factor 3.8+/-1.3. The corresponding 8-1000 microns
luminosity (~ 7x10^12 h70^{-2} Lsol) translates into a star formation rate of
about 1200 h70^{-2} Msol/yr if HR 10 is mostly powered by star formation. We
address the key issue of the origin of the powerful luminosity of HR 10, i.e.
starburst versus active galactic nucleus (AGN), by using the similarity with
its closeby clone, Arp 220.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1247 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium valleys in spin glasses at low temperature


  We investigate the 3-dimensional Edwards-Anderson spin glass model at low
temperature on simple cubic lattices of sizes up to L=12. Our findings show a
strong continuity among T>0 physical features and those found previously at
T=0, leading to a scenario with emerging mean field like characteristics that
are enhanced in the large volume limit. For instance, the picture of space
filling sponges seems to survive in the large volume limit at T>0, while
entropic effects play a crucial role in determining the free-energy degeneracy
of our finite volume states. All of our analysis is applied to equilibrium
configurations obtained by a parallel tempering on 512 different disorder
realizations. First, we consider the spatial properties of the sites where
pairs of independent spin configurations differ and we introduce a modified
spin overlap distribution which exhibits a non-trivial limit for large L.
Second, after removing the Z_2 (+-1) symmetry, we cluster spin configurations
into valleys. On average these valleys have free-energy differences of O(1),
but a difference in the (extensive) internal energy that grows significantly
with L; there is thus a large interplay between energy and entropy
fluctuations. We also find that valleys typically differ by sponge-like space
filling clusters, just as found previously for low-energy system-size
excitations above the ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86479 </DOCNO>
Apparent magnitudes in an inhomogeneous universe: the global viewpoint


  Apparent magnitudes are important for high precision cosmology. It is
generally accepted that weak gravitational lensing does not affect the
relationship between apparent magnitude and redshift. By considering metric
perturbations it is shown that objects observed in an inhomogeneous universe
have, on average, higher apparent magnitudes than those observed at the same
redshift in a homogeneous universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75610 </DOCNO>
Partons and QCD in high-energy polarized pp collisions


  We present and use a technique for implementing in a fast way, and without
any approximations, higher-order calculations of partonic cross sections into
global analyses of parton distribution functions. The approach, which is set up
in Mellin-moment space, is particularly suited for analyses of future data from
polarized proton-proton collisions at RHIC, but not limited to this case. We
also briefly discuss the effects of soft-gluon resummations on spin
asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149638 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Higher Order Gravity and Holography


  Some thermodynamical properties of Lovelock gravity are discussed in several
space-time dimensions, the holographic principle being one of the ingredients
of the discussion. As it turns out, the area law and the brickwall method,
though correct for the Einstein-Hilbert theory, may fail to work in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73625 </DOCNO>
Elliptic flow at collider energies and cascade string models: The role


  Centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum dependence of hadron elliptic
flow is studied in Au+Au collisions at BNL RHIC energies within the microscopic
quark-gluon string model. The QGSM predictions coincide well with the
experimental data at $\sqrt{s}=130$ AGeV. Further investigations reveal that
multi-Pomeron exchanges and hard gluon-gluon scattering in primary collisions,
accompanied by the rescattering of hadrons in spatially anisotropic system, are
the key processes needed for an adequate description of the data. These
processes become essentially important for heavy-ion collisions at full RHIC
energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73849 </DOCNO>
Event weights for simulating Bose-Einstein correlations


  An event weighting method for simulating Bose-Einstein effects in hadronic
final states is presented. The weight for an event depends on the momentum
distribution of identical bosons in the event. By using a theoretically
motivated parametrisation allowing weights below as well as above unity, the
necessity of a weight-rescaling procedure is eliminated. A single parameter is
used to adjust the average event weight to unity. Once adjusted, the same value
of the parameter gives average event weights that are essentially independent
of energy, initial quark flavour, multiplicity and jet topology. The influence
of Bose-Estein correlations on various measurable quantities in W pair
production is found to be small. In particular, none of the scenarios
considered resulted in a W mass shift larger than 20 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76354 </DOCNO>
Could One Find Petroleum Using Neutrino Oscillations in Matter?


  It is now widely believed in neutrino physics that neutrino oscillations are
influenced by the presence of matter, modifying the energy spectrum produced by
a neutrino beam traversing the Earth. Here, we will discuss the reverse
problem, i.e., what could be learned about the Earth's interior from a single
neutrino baseline energy spectrum, especially about the Earth's mantle. In the
end of the paper, we will finally investigate if one could really find
petroleum using this method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7536 </DOCNO>
Upper critical field for underdoped high-T_c superconductors. Pseudogap


  We investigate the upper critical field in a stripe--phase and in the
presence of a phenomenological pseudogap. Our results indicate that the
formation of stripes affects the Landau orbits and results in an enhancement of
$H_{c2}$. On the other hand, phenomenologically introduced pseudogap leads to a
reduction of the upper critical field. This effect is of particular importance
when the magnitude of the gap is of the order of the superconducting transition
temperature. We have found that a suppression of the upper critical field takes
place also for the gap that originates from the charge--density waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6661 </DOCNO>
Structural and Superconducting Transitions in Mg_{1-x}Al_{x}B_2


  From systematic ab initio calculations of the alloy system Mg_{1-x}Al_{x}B_2,
we find a strong tendency for the formation of a superstructure characterized
by Al-rich layers. We also present a simple model, based on calculated energies
and an estimate of the configurational entropy, which suggests that the alloy
has two separate concentration regimes of phase separation, with critical
points near x = 0.25 and x = 0.75. These results, together with calculations of
electronic densities of states in several ionic arrangements, give a
qualitative explanation for the observed structural instabilities, as well as
the x-dependence of the superconducting T_c for x<0.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97697 </DOCNO>
Poisson structures on tangent bundles


  The paper starts with an interpretation of the complete lift of a Poisson
structure from a manifold M to its tangent bundle TM by means of the Schouten-
Nijenhuis bracket of covariant symmetric tensor fields defined by the co-
tangent Lie algebroid of M. Then, we discuss Poisson structures of TM which
have a graded restriction to the fiberwise polynomial algebra; they must be
p-related (p is the projection of TM onto M) with a Poisson structure on M.
Furthermore, we define transversal Poisson structures of a foliation, and
discuss bivector fields of TM which produce graded brackets on the fiberwise
polynomial algebra, and are transversal Poisson structures of the foliation by
fibers. Finally, such bivector fields are produced by a process of horizontal
lifting of Poisson structures from M to TM via connections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113892 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Aperture Studies for SPEAR 3


  The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory is investigating an accelerator
upgrade project that would replace the present 130 nm rad FODO lattice with an
18 nm rad double bend achromat (DBA) lattice: SPEAR 3. The low emittance design
yields a high brightness beam, but the stronger focusing in the DBA lattice
increases chromaticity and beam sensitivity to machine errors. To ensure
efficient injection and long Touschek lifetime, an optimization of the design
lattice and dynamic aperture has been performed. In this paper, we review the
methods used to maximize the SPEAR 3 dynamic aperture including necessary
optics modifications, choice of tune and phase advance, optimization of
sextupole and coupling correction, and modeling effects of machine errors,
wigglers and lattice periodicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40827 </DOCNO>
The Search for Stable, Massive, Elementary Particles


  In this paper we review the experimental and observational searches for
stable, massive, elementary particles other than the electron and proton. The
particles may be neutral, may have unit charge or may have fractional charge.
They may interact through the strong, electromagnetic, weak or gravitational
forces or through some unknown force. The purpose of this review is to provide
a guide for future searches - what is known, what is not known, and what appear
to be the most fruitful areas for new searches. A variety of experimental and
observational methods such as accelerator experiments, cosmic ray studies,
searches for exotic particles in bulk matter and searches using astrophysical
observations is included in this review.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168104 </DOCNO>
Interference of resonances and the double-pole of the S-matrix in a


  We discuss the interaction between two resonant states in a quantum
double-well structure. The behaviour of the resonant states depends on the
coupling between the wells, i.e. the height and width of the barrier that
separates them. We distinguish a region with resonant tunneling and a region
where the two resonances repel each other. The transition between the two
regions is marked by a double pole of the S-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128 </DOCNO>
Topological Excitations in Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We investigate the properties of skyrmion in the ferromagnetic state of
spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates by means of the mean-field theory and show
that the size of skyrmion is fixed to the order of the healing length. It is
shown that the interaction between two skyrmions with oppositely rotating spin
textures is attractive when their separation is large, following a unique
power-law behavior with a power of -7/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81377 </DOCNO>
The APENEXT project


  APENEXT is a new generation APE processor, optimized for LGT simulations. The
project follows the basic ideas of previous APE machines and develops simple
and cheap parallel systems with multi T-Flops processing power. This paper
describes the main features of this new development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85702 </DOCNO>
Geometric classification of the torsion tensor in space-time


  Torsion appears in literature in quite different forms. Generally, spin is
considered to be the source of torsion, but there are several other
possibilities in which torsion emerges in different contexts. In some cases a
phenomenological counterpart is absent, in some other cases torsion arises from
sources without spin as a gradient of a scalar field. Accordingly, we propose
two classification schemes. The first one is based on the possibility to
construct torsion tensors from the product of a covariant bivector and a vector
and their respective space-time properties. The second one is obtained by
starting from the decomposition of torsion into three irreducible pieces. Their
space-time properties again lead to a complete classification. The
classifications found are given in a U_4, a four dimensional space-time where
the torsion tensors have some peculiar properties. The irreducible
decomposition is useful since most of the phenomenological work done for
torsion concerns four dimensional cosmological models. In the second part of
the paper two applications of these classification schemes are given. The
modifications of energy-momentum tensors are considered that arise due to
different sources of torsion. Furthermore, we analyze the contributions of
torsion to shear, vorticity, expansion and acceleration. Finally the
generalized Raychaudhuri equation is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128699 </DOCNO>
Radial velocity variations of the pulsating subdwarf B star PG 1605+072


  We present an analysis of high-speed spectroscopy of the pulsating subdwarf B
star PG 1605+072. Periodic radial motions are detected at frequencies similar
to those reported for photometric variations in the star, with amplitudes of up
to 6 km/s. Differences between relative strengths for given frequency peaks for
our velocity data and previously measured photometry are probably a result of
shifting of power between modes over time. Small differences in the detected
frequencies may also indicate mode-shifting. We report the detection of
line-shape variations using the moments of the cross correlation function
profiles. It may be possible to use the moments to identify the star's
pulsation modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124211 </DOCNO>
Mapping of the SZ effect in the cluster Cl 0016+16 with the Ryle


  We have mapped the high-redshift (z = 0.546) cluster Cl 0016+16 with the Ryle
Telescope at 15 GHz. The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich decrement is clearly detected, and
resolved. We combine our data with an X-ray image from ROSAT, and a gas
temperature from ASCA to estimate the Hubble Constant H0 = 69 +21/-16 km/s/Mpc
for an Omega_M=1.0 cosmology or H0 = 84 +25/-19 km/s/Mpc for Omega_M=0.3 and
Omega_Lambda=0.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86882 </DOCNO>
Rough solution for the Einstein Vacuum equations


  This is the first in a series Of papers in which we initiate the study Of
very rough solutions to the initial value problem for the Einstein Vacuum
equations expressed relative to wave coordinates. By very rough we mean
solutions which cannot be constructed by the classical techniques Of energy
estimates and Sobolev inequalities. Following our previous work on quasilinear
wave equations we develop new analytic methods based on Strichartz type
inequalities which results in a gain of half a derivative relative to the
classical result. Thus our result requires only $H^{2+\epsilon}$ regularity for
the data.
 Our methods blend paradifferential techniques with a geometric approach to the
derivation of decay estimates. The latter allows us to take full advantage of
the specific structure of the Einstein equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86187 </DOCNO>
On the extension of Jackiw's scalar theory to (2+1)- dimensional gravity


  We study some aspects of three-dimensional gravity by extending Jackiw's
scalar theory to (2+1)-dimensions and find a black hole solution. We show that
in in general this teory does not possess a Newtonian limit except for special
metric configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 425 </DOCNO>
Specific heat of a Fermi system near ferromagnetic quantum phase


  We calculate the specific heat for an interacting Fermi system near the
ferromagnetic phase transition using the Renormalization Group method. The
temperature dependence of the specific heat present for dimension D=3 a
logarithmic dependence which shows that the fermionic excitations reaches a non
- Fermi behavior. The result is in good agreement with the experimental data
obtained recently for $Ni_x Pd_{1-x}$ alloys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2182 </DOCNO>
X-ray Photoemission Study of the Infinite-Layer Cuprate Superconductor


  The electron-doped infinite-layer superconductor Sr0.9La0.1CuO2 is studied
with x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). A nonaqueous chemical etchant is
shown to effectively remove contaminants and to yield surfaces from which
signals intrinsic to the superconductor dominate. These data are compared to
measurements from hole-doped La1.85Sr0.15CuO4, from undoped La2CuO4, and from
electron-doped Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4-d. The Cu 2p core level is consistent with a
lower value of the O 2p to Cu 3d charge transfer energy D than in hole-doped
cuprates. A clear Fermi edge is observed in the valence band region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123874 </DOCNO>
A VLA H92alpha Study of the Arched Filament Complex Near the Galactic


  The VLA has been used at 8.3 GHz in the DnC and CnB array configurations to
carry out an H92alpha recombination line study (at 8.3 GHz) of the ionized gas
in the Arched Filaments H II complex, which defines the western edge of the
Galactic center Radio Arc. The H92alpha line properties of the ionized gas are
consistent with photoionization from hot stars,and consistent with the physical
properties of other Galactic center H II regions. The LTE electron temperatures
vary only slightly across the entire extent of the source, and have an average
value of 6200 K. The velocity field is very complex, with velocities ranging
from +15 to - 70 km/s and the majority of velocities having negative values.
Large velocity gradients (2-7 km/s/pc, with gradients in some regions >10
km/s/pc) occur along each of the filaments, with the velocities becoming
increasingly negative with decreasing distance from the Galactic center. The
magnitudes of the velocity gradient are consistent with the cloud residing on
an inner, elongated orbit which is due to the Galaxy's stellar bar, or with a
radially infalling cloud. The ionization of the Arched Filaments can be
accounted for completely by the massive Arches stellar cluster, which consists
of > 150 O-stars. This cluster is likely to belocated 10-20 pc from the Arched
Filaments, which can explain the uniformity of ionization conditions in the
ionized gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168619 </DOCNO>
Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects


  Entanglement is considered to be one of the most profound features of quantum
mechanics. An entangled state of a system consisting of two subsystems cannot
be described as a product of the quantum states of the two subsystems. In this
sense the entangled system is considered inseparable and nonlocal. It is
generally believed that entanglement manifests itself mostly in systems
consisting of a small number of microscopic particles. Here we demonstrate
experimentally the entanglement of two objects, each consisting of about 10^12
atoms. Entanglement is generated via interaction of the two objects - more
precisely, two gas samples of cesium atoms - with a pulse of light, which
performs a non-local Bell measurement on collective spins of the samples. The
entangled spin state can be maintained for 0.5 millisecond. Besides being of
fundamental interest, the robust, long-lived entanglement of material objects
demonstrated here is expected to be useful in quantum information processing,
including teleportation of quantum states of matter and quantum memory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97424 </DOCNO>
The fine structure of the Kasparov groups I: continuity of the


  In this paper it is demonstrated that the Kasparov pairing is continuous with
respect to the natural topology on the Kasparov groups, so that a
KK-equivalence is an isomorphism of topological groups. In addition, we
demonstrate that the groups have a natural pseudopolonais structure, and we
prove that various KK-structural maps are continuous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97145 </DOCNO>
The characteristic classes of Morita equivalent star products on


  In this paper we give a complete characterization of Morita equivalent star
products on symplectic manifolds in terms of their characteristic classes: two
star products $\star$ and $\star'$ on $(M,\omega)$ are Morita equivalent if and
only if there exists a symplectomorphism $\psi:M\longrightarrow M$ such that
the relative class $t(\star,\psi^*(\star'))$ is $2 \pi \im$-integral. For star
products on cotangent bundles, we show that this integrality condition is
related to Dirac's quantization condition for magnetic charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168067 </DOCNO>
Efficient loading and cooling in a dynamic optical evanescent-wave


  We calculate the loading efficiency and cooling rates in a bichromatic
optical microtrap, where the optical potentials are generated by evanescent
waves of cavity fields at a dielectric-vacuum interface. The cavity modified
nonconservative dynamic light forces lead to efficient loading of the atoms as
well as cooling without the need for spontaneous emission. Steady-state
temperatures well below the trap depth, reaching the motional quantum regime,
yield very long capturing times for a neutral atom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114068 </DOCNO>
Ultra-precise measurement of optical frequency ratios


  We developed a novel technique for frequency measurement and synthesis, based
on the operation of a femtosecond comb generator as transfer oscillator. The
technique can be used to measure frequency ratios of any optical signals
throughout the visible and near-infrared part of the spectrum. Relative
uncertainties of $10^{-18}$ for averaging times of 100 s are possible. Using a
Nd:YAG laser in combination with a nonlinear crystal we measured the frequency
ratio of the second harmonic $\nu_{SH}$ at 532 nm to the fundamental $\nu_0$ at
1064 nm, $\nu_{SH}/\nu_0 = 2.000 000 000 000 000 001 \times (1 \pm 7 \times
10^{-19})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149414 </DOCNO>
N=1 SYM Action and BRST Cohomology


  The relation between BRST cohomology and the N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills
action in 4 dimensions is discussed. In particular, it is shown that both off
and on shell N=1 SYM actions are related to a lower dimensional field
polynomial by solving the descent equations, which is obtained from the
cohomological analysis of linearized Slavnov-Taylor operator $\B$, in the
framework of Algebraic Renormalization. Furthermore we show that off and on
shell solutions differ only by a $\B$- exact term, which is a consequence of
the fact that the cohomology of both cases are same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2842 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensates


  We explored the dynamics of how a Bose-Einstein condensate collapses and
subsequently explodes when the balance of forces governing the size and shape
of the condensate is suddenly altered. A condensate's equilibrium size and
shape is strongly affected by the inter-atomic interactions. Our ability to
induce a collapse by switching the interactions from repulsive to attractive by
tuning an externally-applied magnetic field yields a wealth of detailed
information on the violent collapse process. We observe anisotropic atom bursts
that explode from the condensate, atoms leaving the condensate in undetected
forms, spikes appearing in the condensate wave function, and oscillating
remnant condensates that survive the collapse. These all have curious
dependencies on time, the strength of the interaction, and the number of
condensate atoms. Although ours would seem to be a simple well-characterized
system, our measurements reveal many interesting phenomena that challenge
theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5779 </DOCNO>
Density functional method for nonequilibrium electron transport


  We describe an {\it ab initio} method for calculating the electronic
structure, electronic transport, and forces acting on the atoms, for atomic
scale systems connected to semi-infinite electrodes and with an applied voltage
bias. Our method is based on the density functional theory (DFT) as implemented
in the well tested {\sc Siesta} approach (which uses non-local norm-conserving
pseudopotentials to describe the effect of the core electrons, and linear
combination of finite-range numerical atomic orbitals to describe the valence
states). We fully deal with the atomistic structure of the whole system,
treating both the contact and the electrodes on the same footing. The effect of
the finite bias (including selfconsistency and the solution of the
electrostatic problem) is taken into account using nonequilibrium Green's
functions. We relate the nonequilibrium Green's function expressions to the
more transparent scheme involving the scattering states. As an illustration,
the method is applied to three systems where we are able to compare our results
to earlier {\it ab initio} DFT calculations or experiments, and we point out
differences between this method and existing schemes. The systems considered
are: (1) single atom carbon wires connected to aluminum electrodes with
extended or finite cross section, (2) single atom gold wires, and finally (3)
large carbon nanotube systems with point defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128423 </DOCNO>
The ionising cluster of 30 Doradus.IV. Stellar kinematics


  On the basis of multislit spectroscopy of 180 stars in the ionising cluster
of 30 Doradus we present reliable radial velocities for 55 stars. We calculate
a radial velocity dispersion of ~35 km/s for the cluster and we analyse the
possible influence of spectroscopic binaries in this rather large velocity
dispersion. We use numerical simulations to show that the observations are
consistent with the hypothesis that all the stars in the cluster are binaries,
and the total mass of the cluster is ~5E+5 solar masses. A simple test shows
only marginal evidence for dynamical mass segregation which if present is most
likely not due to dynamical relaxation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95692 </DOCNO>
Localized Coherent Structures and Patterns Formation in Collective


  We present applications of variational -- wavelet approach to three different
models of nonlinear beam motions with underlying collective behaviour:
Vlasov-Maxwell-Poisson systems, envelope dynamics, beam-beam model. We have the
representation for dynamical variables as a multiresolution (multiscales)
expansion via high-localized nonlinear eigenmodes in the base of compactly
supported wavelet bases. Numerical modelling demonstrates formation of coherent
structures and stable patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5695 </DOCNO>
First-principles Calculation of the Formation Energy in MgO-CaO Solid


  The electronic structure and total energy were calculated for ordered and
disordered MgO-CaO solid solutions within the multiple scattering theory in
real space and the local density approximation. Based on the dependence of the
total energy on the unit cell volume the equilibrium lattice parameter and
formation energy were determined for different solution compositions. The
formation energy of the solid solutions is found to be positive that is in
agreement with the experimental phase diagram, which shows a miscibility gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168250 </DOCNO>
Nondistortion Quantum Interrogation using EPR entangled Photons


  We propose a novel scheme for nondistortion quantum interrogation (NQI),
defined as an interaction-free measurement which preserves the internal state
of the object being detected. In our scheme, two EPR entangled photons are used
as the probe and polarization sensitive measurements are performed at the four
ports of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In comparison with the previous
single photon scheme, it is shown that the two photon approach has a higher
probability of initial state preserving interrogation of an atom prepared in a
quantum superposition. In the case that the presence of the atom is not
successfully detected, the experiment can be repeated since the initial state
of the atom is unperturbed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169377 </DOCNO>
A Geometric Picture of Entanglement and Bell Inequalities


  We work in the real Hilbert space $\Ha_s$ of hermitian Hilbert-Schmid
operators and show that the entanglement witness which shows the maximal
violation of a generalized Bell inequality (GBI) is a tangent functional to the
convex set $S \subset \Ha_s$ of separable states. This violation equals the
euclidean distance in $\Ha_s$ of the entangled state to $S$ and thus
entanglement, GBI and tangent functional are only different aspects of the same
geometric picture. This is explicitly illustrated in the example of two spins,
where also a comparison with familiar Bell inequalities is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150162 </DOCNO>
Near-Extremal Spherically Symmetric Black Holes in an


  In a recent paper (hep-th/0111091), the near-extremal thermodynamics of a
4-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole had been considered. In the current
letter, we extend this prior treatment to the more general case of a
spherically symmetric, charged black hole of arbitrary dimensionality. After
summarizing the earlier work, we demonstrate a duality that exists between the
near-extremal sector of spherically symmetric black holes and Jackiw-Teitelboim
theory. On the basis of this correspondence, we argue that back-reaction
effects prohibit any of these ``RN-like'' black holes from reaching extremality
and, moreover, from coming arbitrarily close to an extremal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73909 </DOCNO>
Progress in perturbative QCD calculations from LEP to Tevatron Run II


  I briefly review the progress in perturbative QCD calculations in LEP era and
discuss the prospects for the extension of their accuracy to higher orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73136 </DOCNO>
Measurement of hybrid content of heavy quarkonia using lattice NRQCD


  Using lowest-order lattice NRQCD to create heavy meson propagators and
applying the spin-dependent interaction, $c_B^{}
\frac{-g}{2m_q}\vec\sigma\cdot\vec{B}$, at varying intermediate time slices, we
compute the off-diagonal matrix element of the Hamiltonian for the
quarkonium-hybrid two-state system. Thus far, we have results for one set of
quenched lattices with an interpolation in quark mass to match the bottomonium
spectrum. After diagonalization of the two-state Hamiltonian, we find the
ground state of the $\Upsilon$ to show a $0.0035(1)c_B^2$ (with $c_B^2 \sim
1.5-3.1$) probability admixture of hybrid, $|b\bar{b}g>$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40869 </DOCNO>
Limits on the Masses of Supersymmetric Particles at sqrt(s)=189 GeV


  Searches for charginos, neutralinos and sleptons at LEP2 centre-of-mass
energies from 130 GeV to 189 GeV have been used to set lower limits on the mass
of the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle and other supersymmetric particles
within the MSSM framework. R-parity conservation has been assumed. The lightest
neutralino was found to be heavier than 32.3 GeV/c^2 independent of the m_0
value. The lightest chargino, the second-to-lightest neutralino, the
next-to-heaviest neutralino, the heaviest neutralino, the sneutrino and the
right-handed selectron were found to be heavier than 62.4 GeV/c^2, 62.4
GeV/c^2, 99.9 GeV/c^2, 116.0 GeV/c^2, 61.0 GeV/c^2, and 87.0 GeV/c^2,
respectively. These limits do not depend on m_0 or M_2 and are valid for 1 \leq
tan(beta) \leq 40, in the mu region where the lightest neutralino is the LSP.
If the sneutrino is heavier than the chargino the lightest neutralino has to be
heavier than 32.4 GeV/c^2. The effects of mixings in the third family of
sfermions on these limits are discussed. The confidence level of all limits
given is 95%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75257 </DOCNO>
piN scattering and electromagnetic corrections in the perturbative


  We apply the perturbative chiral quark model to give predictions for the
electromagnetic O(p^2) low-energy couplings of the ChPT effective Lagrangian
that define the electromagnetic mass shifts of nucleons and first-order (e^2)
radiative corrections to the piN scattering amplitude. We estimate the leading
isospin-breaking correction to the strong energy shift of the pi(-)p atom in
the 1s state, which is relevant for the experiment "Pionic Hydrogen" at PSI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1509 </DOCNO>
Rheology of a confined granular material


  We study the rheology of a granular material slowly driven in a confined
geometry. The motion is characterized by a steady sliding with a resistance
force increasing with the driving velocity and the surrounding relative
humidity. For lower driving velocities a transition to stick-slip motion
occurs, exhibiting a blocking enhancement whith decreasing velocity. We propose
a model to explain this behavior pointing out the leading role of friction
properties between the grains and the container's boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73451 </DOCNO>
The rare decay $t \to c \gamma$ in the General 2HDM type III


  We consider the branching ratio for the process $t \to c \gamma$ in the
context of the General Two Higgs Doublet Model type III. We find that taking
into account reasonable values for the parameter $\tan \beta$ is possible to
get values of this branching ratio up to orders of magnitude lying in the range
of sensitivity of near future top quark experiments. For values of $B(t \to c
\gamma) \sim 1-9 \times 10^{-5}$, values between 8-15 for $\tan \beta$ are
allowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76826 </DOCNO>
Observability of MSSM Higgs bosons via sparticle decay modes in CMS


  We discuss the possibilities to observe the decays of heavy SUSY Higgs bosons
into supersymmetric particles at the LHC. Such an observation would be of
interest either in a discovery search if sparticle modes are the dominant ones,
or in a study of additional decay modes, bringing information on the SUSY
scenario potentially at work. We will focus on the most promising channel where
the heavy neutral Higgses decay into a pair of next-to-lightest neutralinos,
followed by their decay into two leptons and the LSP, thus leading to four
isolated leptons + missing E_T as the main final state signature. A study with
the CMS detector shows that the background (SM + SUSY) can be sufficiently
suppressed and that in the mass region between m_A = 230 and 450 GeV, for low
and intermediate values of tan beta, the signal would be visible provided
neutralinos and sleptons are light enough.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168486 </DOCNO>
Controlled entanglement of two field modes in a Cavity Quantum


  Using a single circular Rydberg atom, we have prepared two modes of a
superconducting cavity in a maximally entangled state. The two modes share a
single photon. This entanglement is revealed by a second atom probing, after a
delay, the correlations between the two modes. This experiment opens
interesting perspectives for quantum information manipulation and fundamental
tests of quantum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169413 </DOCNO>
Entanglement versus Bell violations and their behaviour under local


  We discuss the relations between the violation of the CHSH Bell inequality
for systems of two qubits on the one side and entanglement of formation, local
filtering operations, and the entropy and purity on the other. We calculate the
extremal Bell violations for a given amount of entanglement of formation and
characterize the respective states, which turn out to have extremal properties
also with respect to the entropy, purity and several entanglement monotones.
The optimal local filtering operations leading to the maximal Bell violation
for a given state are provided and the special role of the resulting Bell
diagonal states in the context of Bell inequalities is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97544 </DOCNO>
Moduli spaces of special Lagrangians and K\"ahler-Einstein structures


  We shall construct a moduli space of pairs of K\"ahler-Einstein structures
and special lagrangians and obtain smoothness of the moduli space of these
pairs. Further we show that the moduli space of these pairs is locally embedded
in a certain relative cohomology group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2216 </DOCNO>
Ginzburg-Landau Description of Vortex Nucleation in Rotating Superfluid


  Nucleation of vortices in rotating superfluid by spin-up and rapid thermal
quench is discussed in the framework of the time-dependent Ginzburg--Landau
equation (TDGLE). An analysis of the instability in inhomogeneous
rotationally-invariant system results in the expression for the critical
rotational velocity. A stability analysis of multicharged vortices is
presented. It is shown that they are very long-living objects with lifetime
inversely proportional to the dissipation rate. It was found by numerical and
analytical solution of the TDGLE that vortex nucleation by rapid thermal quench
in the presence of superflow is dominated by a transverse instability of the
moving normal-superfluid interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7473 </DOCNO>
Spatial field correlation, the building block of mesoscopic fluctuations


  The absence of self averaging in mesoscopic systems is a consequence of
long-range intensity correlation. Microwave measurements suggest and
diagrammatic calculations confirm that the correlation function of the
normalized intensity with displacement of the source and detector, $\Delta R$
and $\Delta r$, respectively, can be expressed as the sum of three terms, with
distinctive spatial dependences. Each term involves only the sum or the product
of the square of the field correlation function, $F \equiv F_{E}^2$. The
leading-order term is the product, the next term is proportional to the sum.
The third term is proportional to $[F(\Delta R)F(\Delta r) + [F(\Delta
R)+F(\Delta r)] + 1]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148312 </DOCNO>
The AdS/CFT correspondence in two dimensions


  We review recent progress in understanding the anti-de Sitter/conformal field
theory correspondence in the context of two-dimensional dilaton gravity theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4079 </DOCNO>
Magnetization of coupled spin clusters in Ladder Geometry


  In this paper, we construct a class of spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic (AFM)
two-chain ladder models consisting of blocks of n-spin tetrahedral clusters
alternating with two-spin rungs. For n=4 and 6 and in extended parameter
regimes, the exact ground state of the ladder is shown to be a product of the
ground states of the rungs and the n-spin blocks, in both zero and finite
magnetic fields. In the latter case, magnetization/site (m) versus magenetic
field (h) plot exhibits well-defined magnetization plateaus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72682 </DOCNO>
Mass and Transverse Mass Effects on the Hadron Emitter Size


  We investigate the dependence of the longitudinal emitter dimension of
identical bosons, produced in the hadronic Z$^0$ decays, on their transverse
mass obtained from 2-dimensional Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) analyses. We
show that this dependence is well described by the expression
$r_{||}=c\sqrt{\hbar\Delta t}/\sqrt{m_T}$, deduced from the uncertainty
relations, setting $\Delta t$ to be a constant of the order of $10^{-24}$ sec.
This equation is essentially identical to the one previously applied to the
1-dimensional BEC results for the emitter radius dependence on the boson mass
itself. It is further shown that a very similar behaviour exists also for the
dependence of the interatomic separation in Bose condensates on their atomic
masses when they are at the same very low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83996 </DOCNO>
Sintesi di algoritmi con SKY


  This paper describes the semantics and ideas about SKY, a logic programming
language intended in order to specify algorithmic strategies for the evaluation
of problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148759 </DOCNO>
Gaussian and Mean Field Approximations for Reduced 4D Supersymmetric


  In this paper, we consider a reduced supersymmetric Yang-Mills integral with
four supercharges by using a Gaussian approximation scheme and its improved
version. We calculate the free energy and the expectation values of Polyakov
loop and Wilson loop operators by extending the method employed in the bosonic
case in the previous paper. Our results nicely match to the exact and the
numerical results obtained before. The loop amplitudes exhibit good scaling
behaviors similarly as in the bosonic case. The 't Hooft like large $N$ limit
leads simple formulas for the case of the loop length smaller. Also, the
Polyakov loop and the Wilson loop are computed for the case of the loop length
sufficiently large, where we see that the behavior of the Wilson loop
reproduces the result simulated for a few smaller values of $N$ at least
qualitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149282 </DOCNO>
Bulk Fields in Delocalized Dilatonic p-Branes


  We study localization properties of various bulk fields on a dilatonic
p-brane which is delocalized along its transverse directions except one. We
find that all the bosonic and fermionic bulk fields can be localized on the
delocalized dilatonic p-brane in a strict sense, namely the Kaluza-Klein zero
modes of the bulk fields are normalizable and are localized around the brane,
for any values of the dilaton coupling parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125207 </DOCNO>
The Formation Timescales of Giant Spheroids


  We review current progress in the study of the stellar populations of
early-type galaxies, both locally and at intermediate redshifts. In particular,
we focus on the ages of these galaxies and their evolution in hopes of
determining the star formation epochs of their stars. Due to serious remaining
systematic uncertainties, we are unable to constrain these epochs precisely. We
discuss our results on the evolution of stellar populations in the context of
other observables, in particular the evolution of the Fundamental Plane of
early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72413 </DOCNO>
Quantum Nucleardynamics as an SU(2)_N x U(1)_Z Gauge Theory


  It is illustrated that quantum nucleardynamics (QND) as an SU(2)_N x U(1)_Z
gauge theory, which is generated from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) as an
SU(3)_C gauge theory through dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking,
successfully describes nuclear phenomena at low energies. The proton and
neutron assigned as a strong isospin doublet are identified as a colorspin plus
weak isospin doublet. Massive gluon mediates strong interactions with the
effective coupling constant G_R/\sqrt{2} = g_n^2/8 M_G^2 \simeq 10 GeV^{-2}
just like Fermi weak constant G_F/\sqrt{2} = g_w^2/8 M_W^2 \simeq 10^{-5}
GeV^{-2} in the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam model where g_n and g_w are the coupling
constants and M_G and M_W are the gauge boson masses. Several explicit
evidences such as cross sections, lifetimes, nucleon-nucleon scattering,
magnetic dipole moment, nuclear potential, gamma decay, etc. are shown in
support of QND. The baryon number conservation is the consequence of the U(1)_Z
gauge theory and the proton number conservation is the consequence of the
U(1)_f gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85828 </DOCNO>
Path integral derivation of the Brown-Henneaux central charge


  We rederive the Brown-Henneaux commutation relation and central charge in the
framework of the path integral. To obtain the Ward-Takahashi identity, we can
use either the asymptotic symmetry or its leading part. If we use the
asymptotic symmetry, the central charge arises from the transformation law of
the charge itself. Thus, this central charge is clearly different from the
quantum anomaly which can be understood as the Jacobian factor of the path
integral measure. Alternatively, if we use the leading transformation, the
central charge arises from the fact that the boundary condition of the path
integral is not invariant under the transformation. This is in contrast to the
usual quantum central charge which arises from the fact that the measure of the
path integral is not invariant under the relevant transformation. Moreover, we
discuss the implications of our analysis in relation to the black hole entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76347 </DOCNO>
Non-adiabatic oscillations of supernova neutrinos


  The level-crossing probability, local and global adiabaticity conditions are
discussed for 2-flavour neutrino oscillations in matter with arbitrary mixing
angle $\theta$. Different approximations for the survival probability of
supernova neutrinos are compared. Results of a combined likelihood analysis of
the observed SN1987A neutrino signal and of the latest solar neutrino data
including the recent SNO CC measurement are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73177 </DOCNO>
Decays of the Meson $B_c$ to a $P$-Wave Charmonium State $\chi_c$ or


  The semileptonic decays,
$B_{c}{\longrightarrow}{\chi_c}(h_c)+{\ell}+{{\nu}}_{\ell}$, and the two-body
nonleptonic decays, $B_{c}{\longrightarrow}{\chi_c}(h_c)+h$, (here $\chi_c$ and
$h_c$ denote $(c\bar c[^3P_J])$ and $(c\bar c[^1P_1])$ respectively, and $h$
indicates a meson) were computed. All of the form factors appearing in the
relevant weak-current matrix elements with $B_c$ as its initial state and a
$P$-wave charmonium state as its final state for the decays were precisely
formulated in terms of two independent overlapping-integrations of the
wave-functions of $B_c$ and the $P$-wave charmonium and with proper kinematics
factors being `accompanied'. We found that the decays are quite sizable, so
they may be accessible in Run-II at Tevatron and in the foreseen future at LHC,
particularly, when BTeV and LHCB, the special detectors for B-physics, are
borne in mind. In addition, we also pointed out that the decays $B_c\to
h_c+...$ may potentially be used as a fresh window to look for the $h_c$
charmonium state, and the cascade decays, $B_c\to \chi_c[^3P_{1,2}]+l+\nu_l$
($B_c\to \chi_c[^3P_{1,2}]+h$) with one of the radiative decays
$\chi_c[^3P_{1,2}] \to J/\psi+\gamma$ being followed accordingly, may affect
the observations of $B_c$ meson through the decays $B_{c}\to
{J/\psi}+{l}+\nu_{l}$ ($B_c\to J/\psi+h$) substantially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74404 </DOCNO>
Cosmology with Self-Adjusting Vacuum Energy Density from a


  Cosmologies with a time dependent Newton constant and cosmological constant
are investigated. The scale dependence of $G$ and $\Lambda$ is governed by a
set of renormalization group equations which is coupled to Einstein's equation
in a consistent way. The existence of an infrared attractive renormalization
group fixed point is postulated, and the cosmological implications of this
assumption are explored. It turns out that in the late Universe the vacuum
energy density is automatically adjusted so as to equal precisely the matter
energy density, and that the deceleration parameter approaches $q = -1/4$. This
scenario might explain the data from recent observations of high redshift type
Ia Supernovae and the cosmic microwave background radiation without introducing
a quintessence field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179744 </DOCNO>
Mass formula for T=0 and T=1 ground states of N=Z nuclei


  An algebraic model is developed to calculate the T=0 and T=1 ground state
binding energies for N=Z nuclei. The method is tested in the sd shell and is
then extended to 28-50 shell which is currently the object of many experimental
studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179226 </DOCNO>
Fast Rotation of the N=Z Nucleus 36Ar


  A highly-deformed rotational band has been identified in the N=Z nucleus
36Ar. At high spin the band is observed to its presumed termination at I=16+,
while at low spin it has been firmly linked to previously known states in 36Ar.
Spins, parities, and absolute excitation energies have thus been determined
throughout the band. Lifetime measurements establish a large low-spin
quadrupole deformation (beta_2=0.46+-0.03) and indicate a decreasing
collectivity as the band termination is approached. With effectively complete
spectroscopic information and a valence space large enough for significant
collectivity to develop, yet small enough to be meaningfully approached from
the shell model perspective, this rotational band in 36Ar provides many
exciting opportunities to test and compare complementary models of collective
motion in nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73902 </DOCNO>
Bounds on flavour violating parameters in supersymmetry


  We investigate the constraints on the flavour violating parameters from the
decay B --> X_s gamma, taking into account the interplay of the various sources
of flavour violation in the unconstrained MSSM. We present a systematic leading
logarithmic QCD analysis of these model-independent constraints, including
contributions from gluinos, neutralinos, charginos, charged Higgs bosons and
interferences between them. We show that two simple combinations of elements of
the down squark mass matrix are stringently bounded over large parts of the
parameter space where only weak assumptions on the hierarchical structure of
the squark mass matrices are made. We also briefly analyse up to which values
SUSY contributions, compatible with B --> X_s gamma, can enhance the Wilson
coefficient C_8(m_W), which plays an important role in the phenomenology of
charmless hadronic B decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72943 </DOCNO>
Proton stability in TeV-scale GUTs


  We discuss the proton decay problem in theories with low gravity and/or GUT
scales. We pointed out that the gravity induced proton decay can be indeed
suppressed up to a desired level, while the GUT origin of the proton
instability is rather problematic. To solve this problem we suggest the GUT
model where the proton is stable in all orders of perturbation theory. This can
be simply achieved by the replication of quark-lepton families with ordinary
quarks and leptons residing in different GUT representations and by an
appropriate dimensional reduction. The model predicts extra mirror states which
along with the GUT particles and the excitations of extra dimensions could be
observable at high-energy colliders providing the unification scale is in the
TeV range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98088 </DOCNO>
Geometric Interpretation of Milnor's triple invariants


  We give a geometric interpretation of Milnor's invariants $\bar{\mu}(ijk)$ in
terms of triple intersection points of Seifert surfaces for the three link
components. This generalizes ideas of Cochran to links which are not
algebraically split.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123659 </DOCNO>
On the Energy Required to Eject Processed Matter from Galaxies


  We evaluate the minimum energy input rate that starbursts require for
expelling their newly processed matter from their host galaxies. Special
attention is given to the pressure caused by the environment in which a galaxy
is situated, as well as to the intrinsic rotation of the gaseous component. We
account for these factors and for a massive dark matter distribution, and
develop a self-consistent solution for the interstellar matter gas
distribution. Our results are in excellent agreement with the results of Mac
Low & Ferrara (1999) for galaxies with a flattened disk-like ISM density
distribution and a low intergalactic gas pressure ($P_{IGM}/k$ $\leq $ 1
cm$^{-3}$ K). However, our solution also requires a much larger energy input
rate threshold when one takes into consideration both a larger intergalactic
pressure and the possible existence of a low-density, non-rotating, extended
gaseous halo component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7432 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Two Fermi points in the exact solution of the Kondo problem"


  Comment on paper by A. Zvyagin, Phys. Rev. B 64, R060405 (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123589 </DOCNO>
Optical Spectroscopy of T Dwarfs


  Optical spectra are presented for a sample of T dwarfs, obtained using the
Keck 10m Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph. Dominant features are discussed,
including possible temperature diagnostics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169010 </DOCNO>
How much state assignments can differ


  We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a group of density matrices
to characterize what different people may know about one and the same physical
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86622 </DOCNO>
Frequency-dependent rigidity in large-scale interferometric


  Electromagnetic rigidity which exists in large-scale optical resonators if
pumping frequency is detuned from the eigenfrequency of resonator have
sophisticated spectral dependence which allows to obtain sensitivity better
than the Standard Quantum Limits both for the free test mass and the harmonic
oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128943 </DOCNO>
Triggered star formation in expanding shells


  We discuss fragmentation processes which induce star formation in dense walls
of expanding shells. The influence of the energy input, the ISM scale-height
and speed of sound in the ambient medium is tested. We formulate the condition
for the gravitational fragmentation of expanding shells: if the total surface
density of the disc is higher than a certain critical value, shells are
unstable. The value of the critical density depends on the energy of the shell
and the sound speed in the ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4810 </DOCNO>
Critical exponents at the ferromagnetic transition in


  Critical exponents at the ferromagnetic transition were measured for the
first time in an organic ferromagnetic material tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene
fullerene[60] (TDAE-C$_{60}$). From a complete magnetization-temperature-field
data set near $T_{c}=16.1\pm 0.05,$ we determine the susceptibility and
magnetization critical exponents $\gamma =1.22\pm 0.02$ and $\beta =0.75 \pm
0.03$ respectively, and the field vs. magnetization exponent at $T_{c}$ of
$\delta =2.28\pm 0.14$. Hyperscaling is found to be violated by $\Omega \equiv
d^{\prime}-d \approx -1/4$, suggesting that the onset of ferromagnetism can be
related to percolation of a particular contact configuration of C$_{60}$
molecular orientations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129055 </DOCNO>
The Nonlinear Turbulent Dynamo


  We simulate the evolution of an initially weak magnetic field in forced
turbulence for a range of Prandtl numbers. The field grows exponentially with
the Kulsrud-Anderson $k^{3/2}$ spectrum until the magnetic energy approaches
the viscous-scale kinetic energy, where the magnetic forces then backreact on
the velocity. Further growth proceeds more slowly until a saturated state is
reached where the magnetic and kinetic energies are equal, and where the
magnetic energy exists primarily at the resistive scale. We discuss the
structure of this turbulence and the extrapolation of the results to
astrophysically-large Prandtl numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97795 </DOCNO>
On the Boundary Control of Systems of Conservation Laws


  The paper is concerned with the boundary controllability of entropy weak
solutions to hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. We prove a general result
on the asymptotic stabilization of a system near a constant state. On the other
hand, we give an example showing that exact controllability in finite time
cannot be achieved, in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76889 </DOCNO>
Radiative dileptonic decays of B-meson in the general two Higgs doublet


  We investigate the exclusive $B\to \gamma \ell^+ \ell^- $ decay in the
general two Higgs doublet model (model III) including the neutral Higgs boson
effects with an emphasis on possible CP-violating effects. For this decay, we
analyse the dependencies of the forward-backward asymmetry of the lepton pair,
$A_{FB}$, CP-violating asymmetry, $A_{CP}$, and the CP-violating asymmetry in
forward-backward asymmetry, $A_{CP}(A_{FB})$, on the model parameters and also
on the neutral Higgs boson effects. We have found that $A_{FB}\sim 10^{-1},
10^{-2}$, $A_{CP}\sim 10^{-2}, 10^{-1}$ and $A_{CP}(A_{FB}) \sim 10^{-2},
10^{-1}$ depending on the relative magnitude of the Yukawa couplings
$\bar{\xi}_{N,tt}^{U}$ and $\bar{\xi}_{N,bb}^{D}$ in the model III. We also
observe that these physical quantities are sensitive to the model parameters
and neutral Higgs boson effects are quite sizable for some values of the
coupling $\bar{\xi}_{N,\tau \tau}^{D}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128803 </DOCNO>
A Chandra observation of the globular cluster Terzan 1: the neutron-star


  We present a short (~3.6 ks) Chandra/HRC-I observation of the globular
cluster Terzan 1. This cluster is known to contain the bright neutron star
low-mass X-ray binary X 1732-304 which was active during the 1980's and most of
the 1990's. But a BeppoSAX observation performed in 1999 only showed a very
weak source indicating that the source had become quiescent. During our Chandra
observation, we detect one source with a 0.5-10 keV luminosity of approximately
1 - 2 x 10^{33} erg/s (for an assumed distance of 5.2 kpc). However, its
position is not consistent with that of X 1732-304. We do not conclusively
detect X 1732-304 with a 0.5-10 keV luminosity upper limit of 0.5 - 1 x 10^{33}
erg/s. This limit is consistent with the luminosities observed for several
neutron-star X-ray transients in our Galaxy when they are quiescent, strongly
suggesting that X 1732-304 was still quiescent during our Chandra observation.
If the quiescent emission in neutron star X-ray transients is due to the
thermal emission from the neutron star, then it is expected that the quiescent
luminosity depends on the time-averaged accretion rate of the source. However,
the upper limit on the quiescent luminosity of X 1732-304, combined with its
very long accretion episode prior to the current quiescent episode, indicates
that the quiescent episodes of the source have to be longer than ~200 years.
This would be the second system after KS 1731-260 for which quiescent episodes
longer than several hundreds of years have been inferred. We discuss this
possibility and alternative quiescent models to explain our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95766 </DOCNO>
Tessellations of homogeneous spaces of classical groups of real rank two


  Let H be a closed, connected subgroup of a connected, simple Lie group G with
finite center. The homogeneous space G/H has a "tessellation" if there is a
discrete subgroup D of G, such that D acts properly discontinuously on G/H, and
the double-coset space D\G/H is compact. Note that if either H or G/H is
compact, then G/H has a tessellation; these are the obvious examples.
  It is not difficult to see that if G has real rank one, then only the obvious
homogeneous spaces have tessellations. Thus, the first interesting case is when
G has real rank two. In particular, R.Kulkarni and T.Kobayashi constructed
examples that are not obvious when G = SO(2,2n) or SU(2,2n). H.Oh and D.Witte
constructed additional examples in both of these cases, and obtained a complete
classification when G = SO(2,2n). We simplify the work of Oh-Witte, and extend
it to obtain a complete classification when G = SU(2,2n). This includes the
construction of another family of examples.
  The main results are obtained from methods of Y.Benoist and T.Kobayashi: we
fix a Cartan decomposition G = KAK, and study the intersection of KHK with A.
Our exposition generally assumes only the standard theory of connected Lie
groups, although basic properties of real algebraic groups are sometimes also
employed; the specialized techniques that we use are developed from a fairly
elementary level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41456 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the Neutralino System in Supersymmetric Theories


  Charginos $\tilde{\chi}^\pm$ and neutralinos $\tilde{\chi}^0$ in
supersymmetric theories can be produced copiously at $e^+e^-$ colliders and
their properties can be measured with high accuracy. Consecutively to the
chargino system, in which the SU(2) gaugino parameter $M_2$, the higgsino mass
parameter $\mu$ and $\tan\beta$ can be determined, the remaining fundamental
supersymmetry parameter in the gaugino/higgsino sector of the minimal
supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, the U(1) gaugino mass $M_1$,
can be analyzed in the neutralino system, including its modulus and its phase
in CP-noninvariant theories. The CP properties of the neutralino system are
characterized by unitarity quadrangles. Analytical solutions for the neutralino
mass eigenvalues and for the mixing matrix are presented for CP-noninvariant
theories in general. They can be written in compact form for large
supersymmetric mass parameters. The closure of the neutralino and chargino
systems can be studied by exploiting sum rules for the pair-production
processes in $e^+e^-$ collisions. Thus the picture of the non-colored gaugino
and higgsino complex in supersymmetric theories can comprehensively be
reconstructed in these experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148124 </DOCNO>
Split attractor flows and the spectrum of BPS D-branes on the Quintic


  We investigate the spectrum of type IIA BPS D-branes on the quintic from a
four dimensional supergravity perspective and the associated split attractor
flow picture. We obtain some very concrete properties of the (quantum
corrected) spectrum, mainly based on an extensive numerical analysis, and to a
lesser extent on exact results in the large radius approximation. We predict
the presence and absence of some charges in the BPS spectrum in various regions
of moduli space, including the precise location of the lines of marginal
stability and the corresponding decay products. We explain how the generic
appearance of multiple basins of attraction is due to the presence of conifold
singularities and give some specific examples of this phenomenon. Some
interesting space-time features of these states are also uncovered, such as a
nontrivial, moduli independent lower bound on the area of the core of arbitrary
BPS solutions, whether they are black holes, empty holes, or more complicated
composites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169077 </DOCNO>
Pilot wave quantum model for the stock market


  We use methods of classical and quantum mechanics for mathematical modeling
of price dynamics at the financial market. The Hamiltonian formalism on the
price/price-change phase space is used to describe the classical-like evolution
of prices. This classical dynamics of prices is determined by "hard" conditions
(natural resources, industrial production, services and so on). These
conditions as well as "hard" relations between traders at the financial market
are mathematically described by the classical financial potential. At the real
financial market "hard" conditions are not the only source of price changes.
The information exchange and market psychology play important (and sometimes
determining) role in price dynamics. We propose to describe this "soft"
financial factors by using the pilot wave (Bohmian) model of quantum mechanics.
The theory of financial mental (or psychological) waves is used to take into
account market psychology. The real trajectories of prices are determined (by
the financial analogue of the second Newton law) by two financial potentials:
classical-like ("hard" market conditions) and quantum-like ("soft" market
conditions).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 138 </DOCNO>
Propagation Dynamics of a Particle Phase in a Single-File Pore


  We study propagation dynamics of a particle phase in a single-file pore
connected to a reservoir of particles (bulk liquid phase). We show that the
total mass $M(t)$ of particles entering the pore up to time $t$ grows as $M(t)
= 2 m(J,\rho_F) \sqrt{D_0 t}$, where $D_0$ is the "bare" diffusion coefficient
and the prefactor $m(J,\rho_F)$ is a non-trivial function of the reservoir
density $\rho_F$ and the amplitude $J$ of attractive particle-particle
interactions. Behavior of the dynamic density profiles is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123810 </DOCNO>
Do LINER 2 galaxies harbour low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei?


  We use ROSAT HRI spatial data and ASCA spectral measurements for a sample of
seven nearby, early type spiral galaxies, to address the question of whether a
low-luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus (LLAGN) is present in galaxies that have
a LINER 2 classification. The brightest discrete X-ray source in the ROAST HRI
observations is invariably found to be positionally coincident with the optical
galactic nucleus, and in most cases its flux dominates the X-ray emission from
the central region of the galaxy. All seven galaxies have X-ray spectra
consistent with a two-component, soft thermal plus hard power-law, spectral
form. If we exclude the two galaxies with relatively hard X-ray spectra, NGC
3628 and NGC 4594, for which there is supporting evidence for a LLAGN (or
alternatively in the case of NGC 3628 a dominant ultra-luminous X-ray binary),
then the remaining galaxies show surprisingly similar X-ray spectral
properties. Specifically the flux ratio F_x(0.5-1)/F_x(2-5), which measures the
relative strengths of the thermal and non-thermal emission components, shows
little scatter about a mean of 0.66, a value very similar to that measured in
the classic starburst galaxy NGC 253. Since there is no obvious reason why the
luminosity of the hard power-law continuum emanating from a putative LLAGN
should be very closely correlated with the thermal emission of the surrounding
region, this suggests that that the broad-band (0.5-5 keV) X-ray emission from
these LINER 2 galaxies may originate in a common set of processes probably
associated with the starburst phenomenon. Conversely, it appears that in many,
perhaps the majority, of LINER 2 galaxies, the nuclear X-ray luminosity does
not derive directly from the presence of a LLAGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76647 </DOCNO>
Top quark electric and chromo electric dipole moments in the general two


  We study the electric and chromo electric dipole moment of top quark in the
general two Higgs Doublet model (model III). We analyse the dependency of this
quantity to the new phases coming from the complex Yukawa couplings and masses
of charged and neutral Higgs bosons. We observe that the electric and chromo
elecric dipole moments of top quark are at the order of 10^{-21} e cm and
10^{-20} g_s cm, which are extremely large values compared to ones calculated
in the SM and also two Higgs Doublet model with real Yukawa couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98107 </DOCNO>
Reduced C*-algebra of the p-adic group GL(n) II


  Let G be the p-adic group GL(n). Using C*-algebra techniques, we obtain a
very explicit description of the tempered dual of G in terms of Bernstein
parameters and extended quotients. We also prove that Plancherel measure (on
the tempered dual of a reductive p-adic group) is rotation-invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179511 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of the density of states for the bag model


  The density of states for an extended MIT bag model is studied numerically by
using a parameterized smooth representation which provides the best fit to the
numerical data. It is found that the mass dependence of the surface term in the
density of states agrees with that derived from multi-reflection theory
calculation. The mass dependence of the curvature term in the density of states
is extracted for finite values of the quark mass. The scaling properties of the
data, assumed in the parameterization, are studied. The difference between the
parameterized smooth representation determined by a best fit and the results
derived from direct smoothing of the numerical data are discussed. The
fluctuations in the density of states are also discussed. We provide a smooth
representation of the density of states of a spherical cavity for
non-relativistic particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123827 </DOCNO>
Multicolor Photometry of the Uranus Irregular Satellites Sycorax and


  We report on accurate BVRI photometry for the two Uranus irregular satellites
Sycorax and Caliban. We derive colours, showing that
 Sycorax is bluer than Caliban. Our data allows us to detect a significant
variability in the Caliban's light-curve, which suggests an estimated period of
about 3 hours. Despite it is the brighter of the two bodies, Sycorax does not
display a strong statistically significant variability. However our data seem
to suggest a period of about 4 hours

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3332 </DOCNO>
Novel Theory for Topological Structure of Vortices in BEC


  By making use of the $\phi $-mapping topological current theory, a novel
expression of $\nabla \times \vec{V}$ in BEC is obtained, which reveals the
inner topological structure of vortex lines characterized by Hopf indices and
Brouwer degrees. This expression is just that formula Landau and Feynman
expected to find out long time ago. In the case of superconductivity, the
decomposition theory of U(1) gauge potential in terms of the condensate wave
function gives a rigorous proof of London assumption, and shows that each
vortex line should carry a quantized flux. The $\phi $-mapping topological
current theory of $\nabla \times \vec{V}$ can also gives a precise bifurcation
theory of vortex lines in BEC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125840 </DOCNO>
Orbital Eccentricity Effects on the Stochastic Gravitational Wave


  Unresolved coalescing binary neutron stars in the Galaxy and beyond produce a
stochastic gravitational wave background within the LISA frequency band, which
can be potentially dangerous for possible detection of fundamentally more
interesting relic cosmological backgrounds. Here we address the question what
effects the unavoidable eccentricity of orbits of these systems should have on
the properties of this backgrounds. In particularly, we examine starting from
which frequency one-year observations with LISA can be secure from
contamination by the noise produced by galactic binary neutron stars in
eccentric orbits. We come to the conclusion that harmonics from such binaries
do not contribute significantly above $\sim 10^{-3}$ Hz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2296 </DOCNO>
Novel Cyano-Bridged 4f-3d Coordination Polymers with a Unique 2D


  Cyano-bridged bimetallic hybrid Prussian Blue one- to three-dimensional
(1D-3D) coordination polymers based on [M(CN)6]3- (M = Fe, Cr, Mn) have
attracted great attention because of their rich and interesting structures and
magnetic behaviors. The previous study implies that increasing dimensionality
may enhance and improve bulk magnetic properties.Our strategy for the rational
synthesis of high-dimensional network is to use a suitable combination of
cyanide groups and other bridging ligands. Here, 2,2'-bipyrimidine (bpym) was
selected, in preference to 4,4'-bipyrazine and pyrazine, because it is more
capable of transmitting magnetic interactions and its bis(chelating)
coordination modes facilitate connection between lanthanide ions. Unexpectedly,
two novel coordination polymers [NdM(bpym)(H2O)4(CN)6]3H2O (M = Fe 1, Co 2;)
were obtained, which have a unique 2D topological architecture, and exhibit
unusual magnetic behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73365 </DOCNO>
Heavy quarkonium production in double Pomeron exchange processes in


  We calculate the heavy quarkonium production in double pomeron exchange
processes in perturbative QCD by using two-gluon exchange model. For the
$P$-wave $\chi_J$ productions, we find $\chi_1$ and $\chi_2$ production
amplitudes which vanish in the forward scattering limit. We also calculate
direct $J/\psi(\Upsilon)+\gamma$ production in the same approach, and these
direct contributions are much smaller than the feeddown contributions from the
$P$-wave states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75119 </DOCNO>
Test of Factorization Hypothesis from Exclusive Non-leptonic B decays


  We investigate the possibility of testing factorization hypothesis in
non-leptonic exclusive decays of B-meson. In particular, we considered the non
factorizable \bar{B^0} -> D^{(*)+} D_s^{(*)-} modes and \bar{B^0} -> D^{(*)+}
(\pi^-, \rho^-) known as well-factorizable modes. By taking the ratios
BR(\bar{B^0}-> D^{(*)+}D_s^{(*)-})/BR(\bar{B^0}-> D^{(*)+}(\pi^-,\rho^-)), we
found that under the present theoretical and experimental uncertainties there's
no evidence for the breakdown of factorization description to heavy-heavy
decays of the B meson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168458 </DOCNO>
Lossless quantum data compression and variable-length coding


  In order to compress quantum messages without loss of information it is
necessary to allow the length of the encoded messages to vary. We develop a
general framework for variable-length quantum messages in close analogy to the
classical case and show that lossless compression is only possible if the
message to be compressed is known to the sender. The lossless compression of an
ensemble of messages is bounded from below by its von-Neumann entropy. We show
that it is possible to reduce the number of qbits passing through a quantum
channel even below the von-Neumann entropy by adding a classical side-channel.
We give an explicit communication protocol that realizes lossless and
instantaneous quantum data compression and apply it to a simple example. This
protocol can be used for both online quantum communication and storage of
quantum data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6929 </DOCNO>
High precision analysis of the $\infty$-replica symmetry breaking


  In this work we analyse the Parisi's $\infty$-replica symmetry breaking
solution of the Sherrington - Kirkpatrick model without external field using
high order perturbative expansions. The predictions are compared with those
obtained from the numerical solution of the $\infty$-replica symmetry breaking
equations which are solved using a new pseudo-spectral code which allows for
very accurate results. With this methods we are able to get more insight into
the analytical properties of the solutions. We are also able to determine
numerically the end-point $x_{\rm max}$ of the plateau of $q(x)$ and find that
$\lim_{T\to 0} x_{\rm max}(T) > 0.5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97013 </DOCNO>
Double Centralizing Theorems for the Alternating Groups


  Let $V^{\otimes n}$ be the $n$-fold tensor product of a vector space $V.$
Following I. Schur we consider the action of the symmetric group $S_n$ on
$V^{\otimes n}$ by permuting coordinates. In the `super' ($\Bbb Z_2$ graded)
case $V=V_0\oplus V_1,$ a $\pm$ sign is added [BR]. These actions give rise to
the corresponding Schur algebras S$(S_n,V).$ Here S$(S_n,V)$ is compared with
S$(A_n,V),$ the Schur algebra corresponding to the alternating subgroup
$A_n\subset S_n .$ While in the `classical' (signless) case these two Schur
algebras are the same for $n$ large enough, it is proved that in the `super'
case where $\dim V_0=\dim V_1, $ S$(A_n,V)$ is isomorphic to the
crossed-product algebra S$(A_n,V)\cong$ S$(S_n,V)\times\Bbb Z_2 .$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4776 </DOCNO>
Echinocyte Shapes: Bending, Stretching and Shear Determine Spicule Shape


  We study the shapes of human red blood cells using continuum mechanics. In
particular, we model the crenated, echinocytic shapes and show how they may
arise from a competition between the bending energy of the plasma membrane and
the stretching/shear elastic energies of the membrane skeleton. In contrast to
earlier work, we calculate spicule shapes exactly by solving the equations of
continuum mechanics subject to appropriate boundary conditions. A simple
scaling analysis of this competition reveals an elastic length which sets the
length scale for the spicules and is, thus, related to the number of spicules
experimentally observed on the fully developed echinocyte.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86630 </DOCNO>
Heat Kernel Approach in Quantum Field Theory


  We give a short overview of the effective action approach in quantum field
theory and quantum gravity and describe various methods for calculation of the
asymptotic expansion of the heat kernel for second-order elliptic partial
differential operators acting on sections of vector bundles over a compact
Riemannian manifold. We consider both Laplace type operators and non-Laplace
type operators on manifolds without boundary as well as Laplace type operators
on manifolds with boundary with oblique and non-smooth boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2399 </DOCNO>
Instability of dilute granular flow on rough slope


  We study numerically the stability of granular flow on a rough slope in
collisional flow regime in the two-dimension. We examine the density dependence
of the flowing behavior in low density region, and demonstrate that the
particle collisions stabilize the flow above a certain density in the parameter
region where a single particle shows an accelerated behavior. Within this
parameter regime, however, the uniform flow is only metastable and is shown to
be unstable against clustering when the particle density is not high enough.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7154 </DOCNO>
Antisymmetric and other subleading corrections to scaling in the local


  For systems in the universality class of the three-dimensional Ising model we
compute the critical exponents in the local potential approximation (LPA), that
is, in the framework of the Wegner-Houghton equation. We are mostly interested
in antisymmetric corrections to scaling, which are relatively poorly studied.
We find the exponent for the leading antisymmetric correction to scaling
$\omega_A \approx 1.691$ in the LPA. This high value implies that such
corrections cannot explain asymmetries observed in some Monte Carlo
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41834 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Charm Sector with CLEO-c


  The CLEO collaboration proposes to explore the charm sector starting early
2003. It is foreseen to collect on the order of 6 million D D-bar pairs, 300000
Ds Ds-bar pairs at threshold and one billion J/psi decays. High precision charm
data will enable us to validate upcoming Lattice QCD calculations that are
expected to produce 1-3% errors for some non-perturbative QCD quantities. These
can then be used to improve the accuracy of CKM elements. The radiative J/psi
decays will be the first high statistics data set well suited for meson
spectroscopy between 1600 and 3000 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72969 </DOCNO>
The likelihood of GODs' existence: Improving the SN1987a constraint on


  The existence of compact dimensions which are accessible only to gravity
represents an intriguing possible solution to the hierarchy problem. At present
the strongest constraint on the existence of such compact Gravity-Only
Dimensions (GODs) comes from SN1987a. Here we report on the first
self-consistent simulations of the early, neutrino-emitting phase of a
proto-neutron star which include energy losses due to the coupling of the
Kaluza-Klein modes of the graviton which arise in a world with GODs. We compare
the neutrino signals from these simulations to that from SN1987a and use a
rigorous probabilistic analysis to derive improved bounds for the radii of such
GODs. We find that the possibility that there are two compact extra dimensions
with radii larger than 0.66 $\mu$m is excluded at the 95% confidence level---as
is the possibility that there are three compact extra dimensions larger than
0.8 nm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5038 </DOCNO>
Steady state thermodynamics for heat conduction


  Following the proposal of steady state thermodynamics (SST) by Oono and
Paniconi, we develop a phenomenological theory for steady nonequilibrium states
in systems with heat conduction. We find that there is essentially a unique
consistent thermodynamics, and make concrete predictions, i.e, the existence of
a new osmotic pressure and a shift in the coexistence temperature. These
predictions allow one to test for the quantitative validity of SST by comparing
them with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97364 </DOCNO>
Minimal representations, spherical vectors, and exceptional theta series


  Theta series for exceptional groups have been suggested as a possible
description of the eleven-dimensional quantum supermembrane. We present
explicit formulae for these automorphic forms whenever the underlying Lie group
$G$ is split (or complex) and simply laced. Specifically, we review and
construct explicitly the minimal representation of $G$, generalizing the
Schr\"odinger representation of symplectic groups. We compute the spherical
vector in this representation, i.e. the wave function invariant under the
maximal compact subgroup, which plays the role of the summand in the
automorphic theta series. We also determine the spherical vector over the
complex field. We outline how the spherical vector over the $p$-adic number
fields provides the summation measure in the theta series, postponing its
determination to a sequel of this work. The simplicity of our result is
suggestive of a new Born-Infeld-like description of the membrane where
U-duality is realized non-linearly. Our results may also be used in
constructing quantum mechanical systems with spectrum generating symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129220 </DOCNO>
Predicting the clustering properties of galaxy clusters detectable for


  We study the clustering properties of the galaxy clusters detectable for the
Planck satellite due to their thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. We take the
past light-cone effect and the redshift evolution of both the underlying dark
matter correlation function and the cluster bias factor into account. A
theoretical mass-temperature relation allows us to convert the sensitivity
limit of a catalogue into a minimum mass for the dark matter haloes hosting the
clusters. We confirm that the correlation length is an increasing function of
the sensitivity limits defining the survey. Using the expected characteristics
of the Planck cluster catalogue, which will be a quite large and unbiased
sample, we predict the two-point correlation function and power spectrum for
different cosmological models. We show that the wide redshift distribution of
the Planck survey, will allow to constrain the cluster clustering properties up
to z=1. The dependence of our results on the main cosmological parameters (the
matter density parameter, the cosmological constant and the normalisation of
the density power-spectrum) is extensively discussed. We find that the future
Planck clustering data place only mild constraints on the cosmological
parameters, because the results depend on the physical characteristics of the
intracluster medium, like the baryon fraction and the mass-temperature
relation. Once the cosmological model and the Hubble constant are determined,
the clustering data will allow a determination of the baryon fraction with an
accuracy of few per cent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85680 </DOCNO>
Generalised hyperbolicity: hypersurface singularities


  Sufficient conditions for the well-posedness of the initial value problem for
the scalar wave equation are obtained in space-times with hypersurface
singularities

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7491 </DOCNO>
Vortex structure in mesoscopic superconductors


  The nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau equations are solved numerically in order to
investigate the vortex structure in thin superconducting disks of arbitrary
shape. Depending on the size of the system and the strength of the applied
magnetic field giant vortex, multi-vortex and a combination of both of them are
found. The saddle points in the energy landscape are identified from which we
obtain the energy barriers for flux penetration and expulsion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74593 </DOCNO>
Out-of-plane QCD radiation in hadronic Z0 production


  We present the QCD analysis of the cumulative out-of-event-plane momentum
distribution in the process proton-antiproton into Z0 and a hard jet (event
plane defined by the proton, antiproton and Z0 momenta). Particular attention
is placed on the near-to-planar events for which we derive the all-order
resummed result to next-to-leading accuracy. We consider also the leading power
correction originating from the fact that, even in hard processes, the resummed
QCD coupling runs into the infrared region. We aim at the same level of
accuracy which, in e+e- annihilation, seems to be sufficient for making
predictions. Contributions from a ``soft underlying event'' due to beam remnant
interactions are discussed. Experimental data (not yet available) are needed to
cast light on the predictive level of standard QCD analysis in hard
hadron-hadron collisions. We plot examples of the predicted distribution at
Tevatron energies. The techniques here developed can be extended to other hard
hadron-hadron and hadron-lepton processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149975 </DOCNO>
An analytic torsion for graded D-branes


  I consider the semiclassical approximation of the graded Chern-Simons field
theories describing certain systems of topological A type branes. I show that
the semiclassical partition function can be expressed in terms of a certain
(differential) numerical invariant which is a version of the analytic torsion
of Ray and Singer, but associated with flat graded superbundles. I also discuss
a `twisted' version of the Ray-Singer norm, and show its independence of metric
data. As illustration, I consider graded D-brane pairs of unit relative grade
with a scalar condensate in the boundary condition changing sector. For the
particularly simple case when the reference flat connections are trivial, I
show that the generalized torsion reduces to a power of the classical
Ray-Singer invariant of the base 3-manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148620 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Black Holes in String Theory


  We discuss the form of the string-loop-corrected effective action and the
loop-corrected solutions of the equations of motion. At the string-tree level,
a solution we consider is the extremal magnetic black hole, in which case the
tree-level effective gauge couplings decrease at small r, and in this region
string-loop corrections to the gauge couplings become important. The effective
4D theory is the N=2 supergravity interacting with matter. Using the N=2
structure of the theory, we calculate the loop corrections to the effective
action and solve the loop-corrected equations of motion. In the resulting
perturbative solution for the metric, singularity at the origin is smeared by
quantum effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3910 </DOCNO>
Numerical Confirmation of Late-time t^{1/2} Growth in Three-dimensional


  Results for the late-time regime of phase ordering in three dimensions are
reported, based on numerical integration of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau
equation with nonconserved order parameter at zero temperature. For very large
systems ($700^3$) at late times, $t \ge 150,$ the characteristic length grows
as a power law, $R(t) \sim t^n$, with the measured $n$ in agreement with the
theoretically expected result $n=1/2$ to within statistical errors. In this
time regime $R(t)$ is found to be in excellent agreement with the analytical
result of Ohta, Jasnow, and Kawasaki [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 49}, 1223 (1982)].
At early times, good agreement is found between the simulations and the
linearized theory with corrections due to the lattice anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83792 </DOCNO>
Abstract Computability, Algebraic Specification and Initiality


  computable functions are defined by abstract finite deterministic algorithms
on many-sorted algebras. We show that there exist finite universal algebraic
specifications that specify uniquely (up to isomorphism) (i) all abstract
computable functions on any many-sorted algebra; and (ii) all functions
effectively approximable by abstract computable functions on any metric
algebra.
  We show that there exist universal algebraic specifications for all the
classically computable functions on the set R of real numbers. The algebraic
specifications used are mainly bounded universal equations and conditional
equations. We investigate the initial algebra semantics of these
specifications, and derive situations where algebraic specifications define
precisely the computable functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169453 </DOCNO>
Quantum computation with trapped ions in strongly detuned optical cavity


  We propose a scheme to implement quantum phase gate for two $\Lambda$ ions
trapped in optical cavity. It is shown that quantum phase gate can be
implemented by applying a laser addressing to a single ions in strongly detuned
optical cavity. We further demonstrate that geometric quantum phase gate can be
implemented by introducing a auxiliary ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41320 </DOCNO>
A first Design of the Pep-N Calorimeter


  A preliminary design of the PEP-N electromagnetic calorimeter is given. The
spatial,energy and time resolutions achievable using a KLOE type
electromagnetic calorimeter are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7288 </DOCNO>
Cellular Automaton Approach to Pedestrian Dynamics - Applications


  We present applications of a cellular automaton approach to pedestrian
dynamics introduced in [1,2]. It is shown that the model is able to reproduce
collective effects and self-organization phenomena encountered in pedestrian
traffic, e.g. lane formation in counterflow through a large corridor and
oscillations at doors. Furthermore we present simple examples where the model
is applied to the simulation of evacuation processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3442 </DOCNO>
Critical Temperature and Condensate Fraction of the Trapped Interacting


  The critical temperature and condensate fraction of a trapped interacting
Bose gas are investigated when both atom-atom interaction and finite-size
effects are taken into account. Canonical ensemble is used to obtain the
equations on the condensate fraction for the trapped interacting Bose gas near
and below the critical temperature. In our approaches corrections due to
atom-atom interaction and finite-size effects are obtained simultaneously for
the critical temperature and condensate fraction of the system. Analytical
high-order correction to the condensate fraction is given in this work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97001 </DOCNO>
Wakimoto Modules for Twisted Affine Lie Algebras


  We construct Wakimoto modules for twisted affine Lie algebras, and interpret
the construction in terms of vertex algebras and their twisted modules. Using
the Wakimoto realization, we prove the Kac-Kazhdan conjecture on the characters
of irreducible modules with generic critical highest weights in the twisted
case. We provide explicit formulas for the twisted fields in the case of the
twisted affine algebra A^{(2)}_{2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96802 </DOCNO>
Nijenhuis tensors in pseudoholomorphic curves neighborhoods


  Normal forms of almost complex structures in a neighborhood of
pseudoholomorphic curve are considered. We define normal bundles of such curves
and study the properties of linear bundle almost complex structures. We
describe 1-jet of the almost complex structure along a curve in terms of its
Nijenhuis tensor. For pseudoholomorphic tori we investigate the problem of
pseudoholomorphic foliation of the neighborhood. We obtain some results on
nonexistence of the tori deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114231 </DOCNO>
Bayesian inference for inverse problems


  Traditionally, the MaxEnt workshops start by a tutorial day. This paper
summarizes my talk during 2001'th workshop at John Hopkins University. The main
idea in this talk is to show how the Bayesian inference can naturally give us
all the necessary tools we need to solve real inverse problems: starting by
simple inversion where we assume to know exactly the forward model and all the
input model parameters up to more realistic advanced problems of myopic or
blind inversion where we may be uncertain about the forward model and we may
have noisy data. Starting by an introduction to inverse problems through a few
examples and explaining their ill posedness nature, I briefly presented the
main classical deterministic methods such as data matching and classical
regularization methods to show their limitations. I then presented the main
classical probabilistic methods based on likelihood, information theory and
maximum entropy and the Bayesian inference framework for such problems. I show
that the Bayesian framework, not only generalizes all these methods, but also
gives us natural tools, for example, for inferring the uncertainty of the
computed solutions, for the estimation of the hyperparameters or for handling
myopic or blind inversion problems. Finally, through a deconvolution problem
example, I presented a few state of the art methods based on Bayesian inference
particularly designed for some of the mass spectrometry data processing
problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76619 </DOCNO>
Tensor susceptibility of the QCD vacuum from an effective quark-quark


  Treating the bilocal quark-quark interaction kernel as an input parameter,
the self-energy functions can be determined from the ``rainbow''
Dyson-Schwinger equation, which is obtained in the global color symmetry model.
The tensor susceptibility of QCD vacuum can be calculated directly from these
self-energy functions. The values we obtained are much smaller than the
estimations from QCD sum rules and from chiral constituent quark model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149488 </DOCNO>
On Exceptional Non-renormalization Properties Of N=4 SYM


  We discuss non-renormalization properties of some composite operators in N=4
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73953 </DOCNO>
Large Electric Dipole Moments of Heavy Leptons


  In many models of CP violation, the electric dipole moments (EDMs) of leptons
scale as the cube of the lepton mass. In these models, the EDM of a 100 GeV
heavy lepton would be a billion times greater than that of the muon, and could
be as large as a 0.01 e-fermi. In other models, in which the heavy leptons have
different properties from the lighter generations, a similarly large EDM can be
obtained. A large EDM could dominate the electromagnetic properties of heavy
leptons. The angular distribution and production cross-section of both charged
and neutral heavy leptons with large dipole moments is calculated and
discussed. The interesting possibility that a heavy neutrino with a large EDM
could leave an ionization track in a drift chamber is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124548 </DOCNO>
Infrared Emission from the Radio Supernebula in NGC 5253: A


  Hidden from optical view in the starburst region of the dwarf galaxy NGC 5253
lies an intense radio source with an unusual spectrum which could be
interpreted variously as nebular gas ionized by a young stellar cluster or
nonthermal emission from a radio supernova or an AGN. We have obtained 11.7 and
18.7 micron images of this region at the Keck Telescope and find that it is an
extremely strong mid-infrared emitter. The infrared to radio flux ratio rules
out a supernova and is consistent with an HII region excited by a dense cluster
of young stars. This "super nebula" provides at least 15% of the total
bolometric luminosity of the galaxy. Its excitation requires 10^5-10^6 stars,
giving it the total mass and size (1-2 pc diameter) of a globular cluster.
However, its high obscuration, small size, and high gas density all argue that
it is very young, no more than a few hundred thousand years old. This may be
the youngest globular cluster yet observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148269 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariant regularisation in the ERG approach


  A gauge invariant regularisation which can be used for non-perturbative
treatment of Yang-Mills theories within the exact renormalization group
approach is constructed. It consists of a spontaneously broken SU(N|N)
super-gauge extension of the initial Yang-Mills action supplied with covariant
higher derivatives. We demonstrate that the extended theory in four dimensions
is ultra-violet finite perturbatively and argue that it has a sensible limit
when the regularisation cutoff is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123538 </DOCNO>
The inner nebula and central binary of the symbiotic star HM Sge


  We present contemporaneous HST WFPC2 and VLA observations of the symbiotic
nova HM Sge. We identify a number of discreet features at spatial scales
smaller than approximately 0.1 arcsec embedded in the extended nebula, with
radio and optical emission well correlated in the inner 1 arcsec. For the first
time we measure the positions of the binary components of a symbiotic star
directly. We estimate the projected angular binary separation to be 40+/-9
milli-arcsec, with the binary axis at position angle 130+/-10 degrees. The
latter is consistent with previous estimates made by indirect methods. The
binary separation is consistent with a previous estimate of 50 au if the
distance is 1250+/-280 pc. Temperature and density diagnostics show two
distinct regions in the surrounding nebula, with a cool wedge to the
south-west. An extinction map indicates the true interstellar extinction to be
no more than E(B-V) = 0.35. This is consistent with a minimum distance of
approximatelly 700 pc, but this would be reduced if there is a circumstellar
contribution to the minimum in the extinction map. The extinction map also
suggests a patchy dust distribution. We suggest that a southern concentration
of dust and the south-west wedge are associated with the cool component wind.
Alternatively, the southern dust concentration is the cause of the cool wedge,
as it shields part of the nebula from the hot component radiation field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148415 </DOCNO>
Supergravity duals of gauge theories from F(4) gauged supergravity in


  We construct supergravity solutions dual to twisted field theories that are
the worldvolume theories of D4-branes wrapped on 2, 3-cycles, and NS-fivebranes
on 3-cycles. We first obtain the solutions for the Romans' six-dimensional
gauged supergravity theories and then up-lift them to ten dimensions. In
particular, we find solutions for field configurations with either non-Abelian
fields or B-fields being excited. One of these solutions, in the massless case,
is up-lifted to the massless type IIA string theory. This is the first example
of such a kind. The cases studied provide new examples of the AdS/CFT duality
involving twisted field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128313 </DOCNO>
Computational AstroStatistics: Fast and Efficient Tools for Analysing


  I present here a review of past and present multi-disciplinary research of
the Pittsburgh Computational AstroStatistics (PiCA) group. This group is
dedicated to developing fast and efficient statistical algorithms for analysing
huge astronomical data sources. I begin with a short review of
multi-resolutional kd-trees which are the building blocks for many of our
algorithms. For example, quick range queries and fast n-point correlation
functions. I will present new results from the use of Mixture Models (Connolly
et al. 2000) in density estimation of multi-color data from the Sloan Digital
Sky Survey (SDSS). Specifically, the selection of quasars and the automated
identification of X-ray sources. I will also present a brief overview of the
False Discovery Rate (FDR) procedure (Miller et al. 2001a) and show how it has
been used in the detection of ``Baryon Wiggles'' in the local galaxy power
spectrum and source identification in radio data. Finally, I will look forward
to new research on an automated Bayes Network anomaly detector and the possible
use of the Locally Linear Embedding algorithm (LLE; Roweis & Saul 2000) for
spectral classification of SDSS spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 543 </DOCNO>
New Monte Carlo Iteration Method for Generalized Ensembles


  We present a new and general Monte Carlo iteration method for generalized
ensembles. It consists of two elements: (1) a simple algorithm to distinguish
between distributions arising from respectively equilibrium- and
non-equilibrium processes, and (2) a selfconsistent maximum-likelyhood
estimation of the unknown thermodynamic quantities, based on the information
obtained at all previous iterations. We demonstrate the efficiency of the
method by calculating the density of state function of a homopolymer with 16^3
monomers. This represents an improvement of at least an order of magnitude
compared to previous studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73213 </DOCNO>
Mass scales in the RS models: the $\mu$ and cosmological constant


  There is the scale problem in the Randall-Sundrum models. Regarding this, I
review the works done with B. S. Kyae and H. M. Lee. In a supersymmetric
generalization in the RSI model, we discuss that the $\mu$ parameter can be
obtained by an intermediate scale brane. In addition, we also discuss the
cosmological constant problem with a self-tuning solution in the RSII model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 57 </DOCNO>
The terahertz phonon laser: a full quantum treatment


  The aim of this work is to describe the behavior of a device capable to
generate high frequency (~THz) acoustic phonons. This device consists in a
GaAs-AlGaAs double barrier heterostructure that, when an external bias is
applied, produces a high rate of longitudinal optical LO phonons. These LO
phonons are confined and they decay by stimulated emission of a pair of
secondary longitudinal optical (LO_2) and transversal acoustic (TA) phonons.
The last ones form an intense beam of coherent acoustic phonons. To study this
effect, we start from a tight binding Hamiltonian that take into account the
electron-phonon (e-ph) and phonon-phonon (ph-ph) interactions. We calculate the
electronic current through the double barrier and we obtain a set of five
coupled kinetic equations that describes the electron and phonon populations.
The results obtained here confirm the behavior of the terahertz phonon laser,
estimated by rougher treatments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74156 </DOCNO>
B--> pi + l + nu Decay and V_ub


  $B\to \pi l \nu$ decay is studied in the effective theory of heavy quark with
infinite mass limit. The leading order heavy flavor-spin independent universal
wave functions which parameterize the relevant matrix elements are evaluated
via light cone sum rule method in the effective theory. The important quark
mixing matrix element $|V_{ub}|$ is then extracted via $B\to \pi l\nu$ decay
mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127315 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Ray Electrons in Groups and Clusters of Galaxies: Primary and


  We study the generation and distribution of high energy electrons in cosmic
environment and their observational consequences by carrying out the first
cosmological simulation that includes directly cosmic ray (CR) particles.
Starting from cosmological initial conditions we follow the evolution of
primary and secondary electrons (CRE), CR ions (CRI) and a passive magnetic
field. CRIs and primary CREs are injected and accelerated at large scale
structure shocks. Secondary CREs are continuously generated through inelastic
p-p collisions. We include spatial transport, adiabatic expansion/compression,
Coulomb collisions, bremsstrahlung, synchrotron (SE)and inverse Compton (IC)
emission. We find that, from the perspective of cosmic shock energy and
acceleration efficiency, the few detections of hard X-ray radiation excess
could be explained in the framework of IC emission of primary CREs in clusters
undergoing high accretion/merger phase. Instead, IC emission from both primary
and secondary CREs accounts at most for a small fraction of the radiation
excesses detected in the extreme-UV (except for the Coma cluster as reported by
Bowyer et al.1999). Next, we calculate the SE after normalizing the magnetic
field so that for a Coma-like cluster <B^2>^1/2~3 \muG. Our results indicate
that the SE from secondary CREs reproduces several general properties of radio
halos, including the recently found P_1.4GHz vs T relation, the morphology and
polarization of the emitting region and, to some extent, the spectral index.
Moreover, SE from primary CREs turns out sufficient to power extended regions
resembling radio relics observed at the outskirts of clusters. Again we find
striking resemblance between morphology, polarization and spectral index of our
synthetic maps and those reported in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5066 </DOCNO>
XY model in small-world networks


  The phase transition in the XY model on one-dimensional small-world networks
is investigated by means of Monte-Carlo simulations. It is found that
long-range order is present at finite temperatures, even for very small values
of the rewiring probability, suggesting a finite-temperature transition for any
nonzero rewiring probability. Nature of the phase transition is discussed in
comparison with the globally-coupled XY model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4942 </DOCNO>
Posture Noise and the Measured Probability to Fall


  Experimental evidence is presented connecting small fluctuations in the
posture of a quiet standing subject and the probability that the subject will
have an accidental fall within a time period of one year. The data can be
understood on the basis of random velocity fluctuations providing kinetic
energy in dynamical posture modes. The kinetic energy can activate a transition
over the a potential energy barrier which keeps subjects in a metastable
standing mode. The probability for a fall then follows an Arrhenius activation
law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123342 </DOCNO>
Interpreting Debris from Satellite Disruption In External Galaxies


  We examine the detectability and interpretation of debris trails caused by
satellite disruption in external galaxies using semi-analytic approximations
for the dependence of streamer length, width and surface brightness on
satellite and primary galaxy characteristics. The semi-analytic method is
tested successfully against N-body simulations and then applied to three
representative astronomical applications. First, we show how streamer
properties can be used to estimate mass-to-light ratios $\Upsilon$ and streamer
ages of totally disrupted satellites, and apply the method to the stellar arc
in NGC 5907. Second, we discuss how the lack of observed tidal debris around a
satellite can provide an upper limit on its mass-loss rate, and, as an example,
derive the implied limits on mass-loss rates for M32 and NGC 205 around
Andromeda. Finally, we point out that a statistical analysis of streamer
properties might be applied to test and refine cosmological models of
hierarchical galaxy formation, and use the predicted debris from a standard
$\Lambda$CDM realization to test the feasibility of such a study. Using the
Local Group satellites and the few known examples of debris trails in the
Galaxy and in external systems, we estimate that the best current techniques
could characterize the brightest ($R < 29$ mag/ arcsec$^{2}$) portions of the
youngest (3 dynamical periods) debris streamers. If systematics can be
controlled, planned large-aperture telescopes such as CELT and OWL may allow
fainter trails to be detected routinely and thus used for statistical studies
such as those required for tests of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97890 </DOCNO>
On recent strategies proposed for proving the Riemann hypothesis


  We comment on some apparently weak points in the novel strategies recently
developed by various authors aiming at a proof of the Riemann hypothesis. After
noting the existence of relevant previous papers where similar tools have been
used, we refine some of these strategies. It is not clear at the moment if the
problems we point out here can be resolved rigorously, and thus a proof of the
RH be obtained, along the lines proposed. However, a specific suggestion of a
procedure to overcome the encountered difficulties is made, what constitutes a
step towards this goal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86240 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Background of Gravitational Waves from Rotating Neutron Stars


  The extragalactic background of gravitational waves produced by tri-axial
rotating neutron stars was calculated, under the assumption that the properties
of the underlying pulsar population are the same of those of the galactic
population, recently derived by Regimbau & de Freitas Pacheco (2000). For an
equatorial ellipticity of $\epsilon$ = 10$^{-6}$, the equivalent density
parameter due to gravitational waves has a maximum amplitude in the range
2$\times10^{-11}-3\times10^{-9}$, around 0.9-1.5 kHz. The main reasons
affecting the theoretical predictions are discussed. This background is
comparable to that produced by the ''ring-down'' emission from distorted black
holes. The detection possibility of this background by a future generation of
gravitational antennas is also examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97828 </DOCNO>
Hochschild homology and cohomology of generalized Weyl algebras


  We compute Hochschild homology and cohomology of a class of generalized Weyl
algebras (for short GWA, defined by Bavula in St.Petersbourg Math. Journal 1999
4(1) pp. 71-90). Examples of such algebras are the n-th Weyl algebras, U(sl_2),
primitive quotients of U(sl_2), and subalgebras of invariants of these algebras
under finite cyclic groups of automorphisms. We answer a question of Bavula -
Jordan (Trans. A.M.S. 353 (2) 2001 pp. 769 -794) concerning the generator of
the group of automorphism of a GWA. We also explain previous results on the
invariants of Weyl algebras and of primitive quotients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1518 </DOCNO>
Tunneling from a correlated 2D electron system transverse to a magnetic


  We show that, in a magnetic field parallel to the 2D electron layer, strong
electron correlations change the rate of tunneling from the layer
exponentially. It results in a specific density dependence of the escape rate.
The mechanism is a dynamical Mossbauer-type recoil, in which the Hall momentum
of the tunneling electron is partly transferred to the whole electron system,
depending on the interrelation between the rate of interelectron momentum
exchange and the tunneling duration. We also show that, in a certain
temperature range, magnetic field can enhance rather than suppress the
tunneling rate. The effect is due to the magnetic field induced energy exchange
between the in-plane and out-of-plane motion. Magnetic field can also induce
switching between intra-well states from which the system tunnels, and a
transition from tunneling to thermal activation. Explicit results are obtained
for a Wigner crystal. They are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with
the relevant experimental data, with no adjustable parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81468 </DOCNO>
Z(3) Symmetric Dimensional Reduction of (2+1)D QCD


  Here we present a candidate for a Z(3)-symmetric reduced action for the
description of the (2+1)D SU(3) gauge theory

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3434 </DOCNO>
Ground States of the Falicov-Kimball model with correlated hopping


  Two-dimensional spinless Falicov-Kimball model (FKM) with correlated hopping
is studied perturbatively in the limit of large on-site Coulomb interaction
$U$. In the neutral case the effective Hamiltonian in spin variables is derived
up to terms proportional to $U^{-3}$. Unlike the simplest FKM case, it contains
odd parity terms (resulting from the correlated hopping) in addition to even
parity ones. The ground-state phase diagram of the effective Hamiltonian is
examined in the $(a/t, h)$ plane, where $a/t$ is a parameter characterizing
strength of the correlated hopping and $h$ is a difference of chemical
potentials of two sorts of particles present in the system. It appears to be
asymmetric with respect to the change $h\to -h$ and a new ordered phase is
found for a certain interval of $a/t$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74099 </DOCNO>
Interacting Quintessence


  We demonstrate that a suitable coupling between a quintessence scalar field
and a pressureless cold dark matter (CDM) fluid leads to a constant ratio of
the energy densities of both components which is compatible with an accelerated
expansion of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3758 </DOCNO>
Bifurcations of a driven granular system under gravity


  Molecular dynamics study on the granular bifurcation in a simple model is
presented. The model consists of hard disks, which undergo inelastic
collisions; the system is under the uniform external gravity and is driven by
the heat bath. The competition between the two effects, namely, the
gravitational force and the heat bath, is carefully studied. We found that the
system shows three phases, namely, the condensed phase, locally fluidized
phase, and granular turbulent phase, upon increasing the external control
parameter. We conclude that the transition from the condensed phase to the
locally fluidized phase is distinguished by the existence of fluidized holes,
and the transition from the locally fluidized phase to the granular turbulent
phase is understood by the destabilization transition of the fluidized holes
due to mutual interference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1760 </DOCNO>
Exact Solution of Heisenberg-liquid models with long-range coupling


  We present the exact solution of two Heisenberg-liquid models of particles
with arbitrary spin $S$ interacting via a hyperbolic long-range potential. In
one model the spin-spin coupling has the simple antiferromagnetic Heisenberg
exchange form, while for the other model the interaction is of the
ferromagnetic Babujian-Takhatajan type. It is found that the Bethe ansatz
equations of these models have a similar structure to that of the
Babujian-Takhatajan spin chain. We also conjecture the integrability of a third
new spin-lattice model with long-range interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149383 </DOCNO>
The local potential approximation of the renormalization group


  We introduce Wilson's, or Polchinski's, exact renormalization group, and
review the Local Potential Approximation as applied to scalar field theory.
Focusing on the Polchinski flow equation, standard methods are investigated,
and by choosing restrictions to some sub-manifold of coupling constant space we
arrive at a very promising variational approximation method. Within the Local
Potential Approximation, we construct a function, C, of the coupling constants;
it has the property that (for unitary theories) it decreases monotonically
along flows and is stationary only at fixed points - where it `counts degrees
of freedom', i.e. is extensive, counting one for each Gaussian scalar. In the
latter part of the thesis, the Local Potential Approximation is used to derive
a non-trivial Polchinski flow equation to include Fermi fields. Our flow
equation does not support chirally invariant solutions and does not reproduce
the features associated with the corresponding invariant theories. We solve
both for a finite number of components, N, and within the large N limit. The
Legendre flow equation provides a comparison with exact results in the large N
limit. In this limit, it is solved to yield both chirally invariant and
non-invariant solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73956 </DOCNO>
The photon-pion transition form factor for virtual photons


  We discuss the photon to meson transition form factor for virtual photons,
which can be measured in e+ e- collisions. We demonstrate that this form factor
is independent of the shape of the meson distribution amplitude over a wide
kinematical range. This leads to a parameter-free prediction of perturbative
QCD to leading twist accuracy, which has a status comparable to the famous
leading-twist prediction of the cross section ratio R.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81099 </DOCNO>
Are Topological Charge Fluctuations in QCD Instanton Dominated?


  We consider a recent proposal by Horv\'ath {\em et al.} to address the
question whether topological charge fluctuations in QCD are instanton dominated
via the response of fermions using lattice fermions with exact chiral symmetry,
the overlap fermions. Considering several volumes and lattice spacings we find
strong evidence for chirality of a finite density of low-lying eigenvectors of
the overlap-Dirac operator in the regions where these modes are peaked. This
result suggests instanton dominance of topological charge fluctuations in
quenched QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73777 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Phenomena and Phases of QCD


  Lectures discuss applications of semiclassical methods based on instantons to
vacuum structure (chiral symmetry breaking), hadronic structure (various
correlation functions), and high energy collisions of hadrons and heavy ions.
We discuss phase diagram of hot/dense hadronic matter, and in the last lecture
review current puzzles/lesons from the first RHIC run in summer of 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124113 </DOCNO>
Primordial black holes as a probe of the early universe and a varying


  We discuss recent developments in the study of primordial black holes,
focussing particularly on their formation and quantum evaporation. Such studies
can place important constraints on models of the early Universe. An especially
interesting development has been the realization that such constraints may be
severely modified if the value of the gravitational "constant" G varies with
cosmological epoch, a possibility which arises in many scenarios for the early
Universe. The nature of the modification depends upon whether the value of $G$
near a black hole maintains the value it had at its formation epoch
(corresponding to gravitational memory) or whether it tracks the background
cosmological value. This is still uncertain but we discuss various approaches
which might help to resolve the issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74331 </DOCNO>
Multiplicative renormalizability of gluon and ghost propagators in QCD


  We reformulate the coupled set of continuum equations for the renormalized
gluon and ghost propagators in QCD, such that the multiplicative
renormalizability of the solutions is manifest, independently of the specific
form of full vertices and renormalization constants. In the Landau gauge, the
equations are free of renormalization constants, and the renormalization point
dependence enters only through the renormalized coupling and the renormalized
propagator functions. The structure of the equations enables us to devise novel
truncations with solutions that are multiplicatively renormalizable and agree
with the leading order perturbative results. We show that, for infrared power
law behaved propagators, the leading infrared behavior of the gluon equation is
not solely determined by the ghost loop, as concluded in previous studies, but
that the gluon loop, the three-gluon loop, the four-gluon loop, and even
massless quarks also contribute to the infrared analysis. In our new Landau
gauge truncation, the combination of gluon and ghost loop contributions seems
to reject infrared power law solutions, but massless quark loops illustrate how
additional contributions to the gluon vacuum polarization could reinstate these
solutions. Moreover, a schematic study of the three-gluon and four-gluon loops
shows that they too need to be considered in more detail before a definite
conclusion about the existence of infrared power behaved gluon and ghost
propagators can be reached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149806 </DOCNO>
Superfield algorithms for topological field theories


  A superfield algorithm for master actions of a class of gauge field theories
including topological ones in arbitrary dimensions is presented generalizing a
previous treatment in two dimensions. General forms for master actions in
superspace are given, and possible theories are determined by means of a ghost
number prescription and the master equations. The resulting master actions
determine the original actions together with their gauge invariances.
Generalized Poisson sigma models in arbitrary dimensions are constructed by
means of this algorithm, and other applications in low dimensions are given
including the Chern-Simon model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81107 </DOCNO>
Bound states for Overlap and Fixed Point Actions close to the chiral


  We study the overlap and the fixed point Dirac operators for massive fermions
in the two-flavor lattice Schwinger model. The masses of the triplet (pion) and
singlet (eta) bound states are determined down to small fermion masses and the
mass dependence is compared with various continuum model approximations. Near
the chiral limit, at very small fermion masses the fixed point operator has
stability problems, which in this study are dominated by finite size effects,

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123650 </DOCNO>
Molecular Gas in Infrared-Excess, Optically-Selected QSOs and the


  The initial results of a millimeter (CO) survey of infrared-excess,
optically-selected quasars from the Palomar-Green (PG) Bright Quasar Survey
(BQS) with redshifts in the range 0.04 < z < 0.17 are presented. These
observations represent the first step towards establishing with a complete
sample whether or not quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) reside in molecular gas-rich
galaxies, as well as towards determining how the infrared and molecular gas
properties of QSOs compare with those of ultraluminous infrared galaxies
(ULIGs), which are a possible evolutionary precursor of QSOs. The sample
consists of QSOs having absolute blue magnitudes, M_B <~ -22.0, and infrared
excesses, L_IR (8-1000 um) /L_bbb (0.1-1.0 um) >0.36, where the contribution to
the bolometric luminosity of infrared thermal dust emission for all PG QSOs is
typically 20--40%. Six out of 10 of the QSOs observed are detected in the
CO(1-0) emission line; two detections confirm previous, less sensitive
detections of CO(1-0) in PG 1613+658 and PG 0838+770, and four additional QSOs
are detected for the first time (PG 1119+120, PG 1351+640, PG 1415+451, and PG
1440+356). These six detections, plus two previous detections of CO in IZw1 and
Mrk 1014, bring the total number of 0.04 < z < 0.17 infrared-excess PG QSOs
detected in CO to date to eight, and provide possible evidence that, in
addition to fueling star formation, molecular gas may also serve as a primary
source of fuel for QSO activity...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168057 </DOCNO>
Frequent observations accelerate decay: The anti-Zeno effect


  The quantum Zeno effect (QZE) is the striking prediction that the decay of
any unstable quantum state can be inhibited by sufficiently frequent
observations (measurements). The consensus opinion has upheld the QZE as a
general feature of quantum mechanics, which should lead to the inhibition of
any decay. The claim of QZE generality hinges on the assumption that successive
observations can in principle be made at time intervals too short for the
system to change appreciably. However, this assumption and the generality of
the QZE have scarcely been investigated thus far. We have addressed these
issues by showing that (i) the QZE is principally unattainable in radiative or
radioactive decay, because the required measurement rates would cause the
system to disintegrate; (ii) decay acceleration by frequent measurements (the
anti-Zeno effect -- AZE) is much more ubiquitous than its inhibition. The AZE
is shown to be observable as the enhancement of tunneling rates (e.g., for
atoms trapped in ramped-up potentials or in current-swept Josephson junctions),
fluorescence rates (e.g., for Rydberg atoms perturbed by noisy optical fields)
and photon depolarization rates (in randomly modulated Pockels cells).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6632 </DOCNO>
Proximity effect and strong coupling superconductivity in nanostructures


  We present high resolution tunneling spectroscopy data at very low
temperatures on superconducting nanostructures of lead built with an STM. By
applying magnetic fields, superconductivity is restricted to length scales of
the order of the coherence length. We measure the tunneling conductance and
analyze the phonon structure and the low energy DOS. We demonstrate the
influence of the geometry of the system on the magnetic field dependence of the
tunneling density of states, which is gapless in a large range of fields. The
behavior of the features in the tunneling conductance associated to phonon
modes are explained within current models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4614 </DOCNO>
Inversion Phenomena of the Anisotropies of the Hamiltonian and the


  We investigate the ground-sate phase diagram of the XXZ version of the S=1/2
distorted diamond chain by use of the degenerate perturbation theory near the
truncation point. In case of the XY-like interaction anisotropy, the phase
diagram consists of the Neel phase and the spin-fluid phase. For the Ising-like
interaction anisotropy case, it consists of three phases: the ferrimagnetic
phase, the Neel phase and the spin-fluid phase. The magnetization in the
ferrimagnetic phase is 1/3 of the saturation magnetization. The remarkable
nature of the phase diagram is the existence of the Neel phase, although the
interaction anisotropy is XY-like. And also, the spin-fluid phase appears in
spite of the Ising-like interaction anisotropy. We call these regions
"inversion regions".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77070 </DOCNO>
The NLO Jet Vertex for Mueller-Navelet and Forward Jets: the Quark Part


  We calculate the next-to-leading corrections to the jet vertex which is
relevant for the Mueller-Navelet-jets production in p-pbar collisions and for
the forward jet cross section in e-p collisions. In this first part we present
the results of the vertex for an incoming quark. Particular emphasis is given
to the separation of the collinear divergent part and the central region of the
produced gluon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149506 </DOCNO>
Wrapped fluxbranes


  We consider the construction of fluxbranes in certain curved geometries,
generalizing the familiar construction of the Melvin fluxtube as a quotient of
flat space. The resulting configurations correspond to fluxbranes wrapped on
cycles in curved spaces. The non-trivial transverse geometry leads in some
instances to solutions with asymptotically constant dilaton profiles. We
describe explicitly several supersymmetric solutions of this kind. The
solutions inherit some properties from their flat space cousins, like flux
periodicity. Interestingly type IIA/0A fluxbrane duality holds near the core of
these fluxbranes, but does not persist in the asymptotic region, precisely
where it would contradict perturbative inequivalence of IIA/0A theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125668 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulation of Non-Gaussian Random Fields with Prescribed


  In this paper we will consider the problem of the numerical simulation of
non-Gaussian, scalar random fields with a prescribed correlation structure
provided either by a theoretical model or computed on a set of observational
data. Although, the numerical generation of a generic, non-Gaussian random
field is a trivial operation, the task becomes tough when constraining the
field with a prefixed correlation structure. At this regards, three numerical
methods, useful for astronomical applications, are presented. The limits and
capabilities of each method are discussed and the pseudo-codes describing the
numerical implementation are provided for two of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83881 </DOCNO>
E PLURIBUS ENUM: Unifying International Telecommunications Networks and


  ENUM effectively bridges the telephone and Internet worlds by placing
telephone numbers from the ITU Rec. E.164 public telecommunication numbering
plan into the Internet Domain Name System (DNS) as domain names. ENUM
potentially presents significant public policy issues at both the domestic and
international levels. Ultimately, it should not matter whether ENUM is
approached as a telecommunications issue or an Internet issue because: (1) they
are becoming the same thing technically, and (2) they engage the same global
public interests. For the same reasons as apply to traditional
telecommunications, and even to the Internet itself, public oversight of ENUM
naming, numbering, and addressing resources is justified both by technical
necessity and the interests of consumer protection (particularly personal
privacy) and competition at higher service layers. A single, coordinated global
DNS domain for at least Tier 0 (the international level) of the ENUM names
hierarchy should be designated by public authorities. Many of the technical
characteristics and policy considerations relevant at the ENUM Tier 0 and 1
zones are also directly applicable to the Internet's IP address space and DNS
root (or Tier 0) zone - key shared elements of the Internet's logical
infrastructure. Despite the fundamentally international nature of the
Internet's logical infrastructure layer, and the purported privatization of
administration of its IP address space and the DNS, Internet governance is not
yet truly international. The ENUM policy debate illustrates the need for
authoritative international public oversight of public communications network
logical infrastructure, including that of traditional telecommunications, the
Internet, and ENUM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86262 </DOCNO>
Comparison of advanced gravitational-wave detectors


  We compare two advanced designs for gravitational-wave antennas in terms of
their ability to detect two possible gravitational wave sources. Spherical,
resonant mass antennas and interferometers incorporating resonant sideband
extraction (RSE) were modeled using experimentally measurable parameters. The
signal-to-noise ratio of each detector for a binary neutron star system and a
rapidly rotating stellar core were calculated. For a range of plausible
parameters we found that the advanced LIGO interferometer incorporating RSE
gave higher signal-to-noise ratios than a spherical detector resonant at the
same frequency for both sources. Spheres were found to be sensitive to these
sources at distances beyond our galaxy. Interferometers were sensitive to these
sources at far enough distances that several events per year would be expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97699 </DOCNO>
Lie algebra extensions related with linear bundles of Lie brackets


  We consider some special type extensions of an arbitrary Lie algebra ${\cal
G}$, arising in the theory of Lie-Poisson structures over $({\cal G}^*)^n$,
where ${\cal G}^*$ is the dual of ${\cal G}$. We show that some classes of
these extensions can be constructed in a natural way using some linear bundles
of Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74865 </DOCNO>
One-loop stau masses in the effective potential approach


  We calculate the one-loop contributions to the tau slepton masses in the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model in the effective potential approach. For
the majority of parameter space under study, those corrections are shown to
elevate the value of the lightest stau mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41209 </DOCNO>
Three-Jet Production in Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA


  Three-jet production is studied for the first time in deep-inelastic
positron-proton scattering. The measurement carried out with the H1 detector at
HERA covers a large range of four-momentum transfer squared 5 < Q^2 < 5000
GeV^2 and invariant three-jet masses 25 < M_(3jet) < 140 GeV. Jets are defined
by the inclusive k_T algorithm in the Breit frame. The size of the three-jet
cross section and the ratio of the three-jet to the dijet cross section R_(3/2)
are described over the whole phase space by the predictions of perturbative QCD
in next-to-leading order. The shapes of angular jet distributions deviate
significantly from a uniform population of the available phase space but are
well described by the QCD calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124929 </DOCNO>
High-velocity white dwarfs: thick disk, not dark matter


  We present an alternative interpretation of the nature of the extremely cool,
high-velocity white dwarfs identified by Oppenheimer et al (2001) in a
high-latitude astrometric survey. We argue that the velocity distribution of
the majority of the sample is more consistent with the high-velocity tail of a
rotating population, probably the thick disk, rather than a pressure-supported
halo system. Indeed, the observed numbers are well matched by predictions based
on the kinematics of a complete sample of nearby M dwarfs. Analysing only stars
showing retrograde motion gives a local density close to that expected for
white dwarfs in the stellar (R^-3.5) halo. Under our interpretation, none of
the white dwarfs need be assigned to the dark-matter, heavy halo. However,
luminosity functions derived from observations of these stars can set important
constraints on the age of the oldest stars in the Galactic Disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148071 </DOCNO>
The polarization of M5 branes and little string theories with reduced


  We construct an M-theory dual of a 6 dimensional little string theory with
reduced supersymmetry, along the lines of Polchinski and Strassler. We find
that upon perturbing the (2,0) theory with an R-current, the M5 branes polarize
into a wrapped Kaluza Klein monopole, whose isometry direction is along the R
current. We investigate the properties of this theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128611 </DOCNO>
The Munich Near-Infrared Cluster Survey (MUNICS) - Number density


  We derive the number density evolution of massive field galaxies in the
redshift range 0.4 < z < 1.2 using the K-band selected field galaxy sample from
the Munich Near-IR Cluster Survey (MUNICS). We rely on spectroscopically
calibrated photometric redshifts to determine distances and absolute magnitudes
in the rest-frame K-band. To assign mass-to-light ratios, we use an approach
which maximizes the stellar mass for any K-band luminosity at any redshift. We
take the mass-to-light ratio, M/L_K, of a Simple Stellar Population (SSP) which
is as old as the universe at the galaxy's redshift as a likely upper limit.
This is the most extreme case of pure luminosity evolution and in a more
realistic model M/L_K will probably decrease faster with redshift due to
increased star formation. We compute the number density of galaxies more
massive than 2 10^10 h^-2 solar masses, 5 10^10 h^-2 solar masses, and 1 10^11
h^-2 solar masses, finding that the integrated stellar mass function is roughly
constant for the lowest mass limit and that it decreases with redshift by a
factor of roughly 3 and by a factor of roughly 6 for the two higher mass
limits, respectively. This finding is in qualitative agreement with models of
hierarchical galaxy formation, which predict that the number density of ~ M*
objects is fairly constant while it decreases faster for more massive systems
over the redshift range our data probe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1737 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of superconductive critical temperatures in almost empty or


  We examine possibility of enhancement of superconductive critical temperature
in two-dimensions. The weak coupling BCS theory is applied, especially when the
Fermi level is near the edges of the electronic bands. The attractive
interaction depends on ${\bf k}$ due to screening. The density of states(DOS)
does not have a peak near the bottom of the band, but $k$-dependent
contribution to DOS (electron density on the Fermi surface) has a diverging
peak at the bottom or top. These features lead to significant enhancement of
the critical temperatures. The results are qualitatively consistent with the
superconductive behaviors of HfNCl ($\Tc \le 25K$) and ZrNCl($\Tc \le 15K$),
C$_{60}$ with a field-effect transistor configuration ($\Tc = 52K$), and
MgB$_2$ ($\Tc \approx 40K$) which have the unexpectedly high superconductive
critical transition temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 760 </DOCNO>
Roughness exponent in the fracture of fibrous materials


  In this paper, a computational model in (2+1)-dimensions which simulates the
rupture process of a fibrous material submitted to a constant force $F$, is
analyzed. The roughness exponent $\zeta$ at the boundary that separates two
failure regimes, catastrophic and slowly shredding, is evaluated. In the
catastrophic (dynamic) regime the initial strain creates a crack which
percolates rapidly through the material. In the slowly shredding (quasi-static)
regime several cracks of small size appear in all parts of the material, the
rupture process is slow and any single crack percolates the sample. At the
boundary between these two regimes, we obtained a value $\zeta\simeq 0.42\pm
0.02$ for the roughness exponent, in agreement with results provided by other
simulations in three dimension. Also, at this boundary we observed a power law
behavior on the number of cracks versus its size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40693 </DOCNO>
Characterisation of Hybrid Pixel Detectors with capacitive charge


  In order to fully exploit the physics potential of the future high energy e+
e- linear collider, a Vertex Tracker providing high resolution track
reconstruction is required. Hybrid pixel sensors are an attractive technology
due to their fast read-out capabilities and radiation hardness. A novel pixel
detector layout with interleaved cells between the readout nodes has been
developed to improve the single point resolution. The results of the
characterisation of the first processed prototypes are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41309 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the $\overline{p}p \to K_S K_S \eta$ cross section at


  The PS185 experiment at LEAR/CERN has investigated strangeness production in
antiproton-proton collisions with final states such as $\overline{\Lambda}
\Lambda$, $\overline{\Sigma}^0 \Lambda + c.c$, $\overline{\Sigma^+} \Sigma^+$,
$\overline{\Sigma^-} \Sigma^-$ and $K_S K_S$. Results are presented from a
study of about 32,000 {$K_S K_S X$} events obtained at several antiproton
momenta in the regions of 1.45 and 1.7 GeV/c. The $\overline{p} p \to K_S K_S
\eta$ cross sections extracted at these momenta constitute the first
measurement of this reaction in flight and are broadly consistent with
expectations of a phase-space extrapolation of branching ratios from
annihilation at rest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86628 </DOCNO>
Current Trends in Mathematical Cosmology


  We present an elementary account of mathematical cosmology through a series
of important unsolved problems. We introduce the fundamental notion of `a
cosmology' and focus on the issue of singularities as a theme unifying many
current, seemingly unrelated trends of this subject. We discuss problems
associated with the definition and asymptotic structure of the notion of
cosmological solution and also problems related to the qualification of
approximations and to the ranges of validity of given cosmologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87186 </DOCNO>
Lighthouses of Gravitational Wave Astronomy


  Gravitational wave detectors capable of making astronomical observations
could begin to operate within the next year, and over the next 10 years they
will extend their reach out to cosmological distances, culminating in the space
mission LISA. A prime target of these observatories will be binary systems,
especially those whose orbits shrink measurably during an observation period.
These systems are standard candles, and they offer independent ways of
measuring cosmological parameters. LISA in particular could identify the epoch
at which star formation began and, working with telescopes making
electromagnetic observations, measure the Hubble flow at redshifts out to 4 or
more with unprecedented accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6478 </DOCNO>
Optimization in complex networks


  Many complex systems can be described in terms of networks of interacting
units. Recent studies have shown that a wide class of both natural and
artificial nets display a surprisingly widespread feature: the presence of
highly heterogeneous distributions of links, providing an extraordinary source
of robustness against perturbations. Although most theories concerning the
origin of these topologies use growing graphs, here we show that a simple
optimization process can also account for the observed regularities displayed
by most complex nets. Using an evolutionary algorithm involving minimization of
link density and average distance, four major types of networks are
encountered: (a) sparse exponential-like networks, (b) sparse scale-free
networks, (c) star networks and (d) highly dense networks, apparently defining
three major phases. These constraints provide a new explanation for scaling of
exponent about -3. The evolutionary consequences of these results are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96153 </DOCNO>
On the cyclotomic Dedekind embedding and the cyclic Wedderburn embedding


  Let n >= 1 and let p be a prime. Let t = 1 - zeta_{p^n}. Expand j in
[0,p^n-1](p) p-adically as j = sum_{s >= 0} a_s p^s. The #([0,j](p))th
Z_(p)[t]-linear elementary divisor of the cyclotomic Dedekind embedding
Z_(p)[t] o Z_(p)[t] --> prod_{i in (Z/p^n)^*} Z_(p)[t], where o denotes the
tensor product over Z_(p), has valuation -1 + sum_{s >= 0} (a_s (s+1) - a_{s+1}
(s+2)) p^s at t. There is a similar result for the related cyclic Wedderburn
embedding. The methods are elementary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4883 </DOCNO>
Rheological instability in a simple shear thickening model


  We study the strain response to steady imposed stress in a spatially
homogeneous, scalar model for shear thickening, in which the local rate of
yielding \Gamma(l) of mesoscopic `elastic elements' is not monotonic in the
local strain l. Despite this, the macroscopic, steady-state flow curve (stress
vs. strain rate) is monotonic. However, for a broad class of \Gamma(l), the
response to steady stress is not in fact steady flow, but spontaneous
oscillation. We discuss this finding in relation to other theoretical and
experimental flow instabilities. Within the parameter ranges we studied, the
model does not exhibit rheo-chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168270 </DOCNO>
Low energy atomic collision with dipole interactions


  We apply quantum defect theory to study low energy ground state atomic
collisions including aligned dipole interactions such as those induced by an
electric field. Our results show that coupled even ($l$) relative orbital
angular momentum partial wave channels exhibit shape resonance structures while
odd ($l$) channels do not. We analyze and interpret these resonances within the
framework of multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74907 </DOCNO>
The sigma and rho in D and B decays


  We study the D^{+} -> sigma pi^{+}, D^{+} -> rho^0 pi^{+}, B^{-} -> sigma
pi^{-}, B^{-} -> rho^0 pi^{-} and \bar{B}^0 -> rho^{\pm} pi^{\mp} decays in a
valence quark triangle model, incorporating chiral symmetries. We find a good
agreement with recent experimental data for D^{+} -> sigma pi^{+} and for D^{+}
-> rho^0 pi^{+}. We point out that a "long-distance" contribution due to the
axial vector a_1 meson pole, calculated by using chiral symmetry, can be
relevant to explain D^{+}-> rho^0 \pi^{+} and for lowering the ratio
R=Br(\bar{B}^0 -> rho^{\pm} pi^{\mp})/Br(B^{-} -> rho^0 pi^{-}) to be
consistent with its phenomenological determination, within the large
experimental uncertainity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75222 </DOCNO>
Generalized scaling of the transverse mass spectrum at the Relativistic


  We argue that the transverse mass spectra of identified hadrons as measured
in gold-gold collisions at BNL's Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) follows
a generalized scaling law. Such a scaling behavior is motivated by the idea of
a Color Glass Condensate, or more generally, saturation of the gluon density.
In particular, we describe the shapes of transverse mass spectra as a function
of centrality. This scaling of the transverse mass spectrum is shown to be
consistent with previously observed scaling of multiplicity with centrality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4495 </DOCNO>
Temporal dispersion


  A {\em propagation-dispersion equation} is derived for the distribution
function of a particle moving on a substrate with time-delays. The equation is
obtained as the continuous limit of an exact microscopic finite difference
equation describing the motion of a point particle on a D-dimensional (D = 1,
2) lattice whose sites are occupied by scatterers. The propagation-dispersion
equation should be contrasted with the convection-diffusion equation (or the
classical Fokker-Planck equation) as it describes a dispersion process in {\em
time} (instead of diffusionin space) with a drift expressed by a propagation
speed with non-zero bounded values. The {\em temporal dispersion} coefficient
is shown to exhibit a Green-Kubo form with integration over space instead of
time. Physical systems where the propagation-dispersion equation applies are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95788 </DOCNO>
Lacunary matrices


  We study unconditional subsequences of the canonical basis e_rc of elementary
matrices in the Schatten class S^p. They form the matrix counterpart to Rudin's
Lambda(p) sets of integers in Fourier analysis. In the case of p an even
integer, we find a sufficient condition in terms of trails on a bipartite
graph. We also establish an optimal density condition and present a random
construction of bipartite graphs. As a byproduct, we get a new proof for a
theorem of Erdos on circuits in graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125407 </DOCNO>
Probing the faint end of the Galaxy luminosity function at z=3 with


  We present spectroscopic observations obtained with the ESO Very Large
Telecope (VLT) of seven candidate Ly-alpha emitting galaxies in the field of
the radio quiet Q1205-30 at z=3.04 previously detected with deep narrow band
imaging. Based on equivalent widths and limits on line ratios we confirm that
all seven objects are Ly-alpha emitting galaxies. Deep images also obtained
with the VLT in the B and I bands show that five of the seven galaxies have
very faint continuum fluxes (I(AB) approx. 26.8 and B(AB) approx. 27.3). The
star formation rates of these seven galaxies estimated from the rest-frame UV
continuum around 2000AA, as probed by the I-band detections, as well as from
the Ly-alpha luminosities, are 1-4 M_sun yr^{-1}. This is 1-3 orders of
magnitude lower than for other known populations of star-forming galaxies at
similar redshifts (the Lyman-Break galaxies and the sub-mm selected sources).
The inferred density of the objects is high, 16+-4 per arcmin^2 per unit
redshift. This is consistent with the integrated luminosity function for
Lyman-Break galaxies down to R=27 if the fraction of Ly-alpha emitting galaxies
is approx. 70% at the faint end of the luminosity function. However, if this
fraction is 20% as reported for the bright end of the luminosity function then
the space density in this field is significantly larger (by a factor of 3.5)
than expected from the luminosity function for Lyman-Break galaxies in the
HDF-North. This would be an indication that at least some radio quiet QSOs at
high redshift reside in overdense environments or that the faint end slope of
the high redshift luminosity function has been underestimated. These
observations show that Ly-alpha emission is an efficient method by which to
probe the faint end of the luminosity function at high redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127349 </DOCNO>
The Three-Dimensional Structure of a Massive Gas Disk in the Galactic


  Using high-resolution, three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, we
investigate the structure of the interstellar medium in the central hundred pc
region in galaxies, taking into account self-gravity of the gas, radiative
cooling from 10 K to $10^8$ K, and energy feedback from supernovae. Similar to
the previous two-dimensional results produced by Wada and Norman, we find that
a gravitationally and thermally unstable ISM evolves, in a self-stabilizing
manner, into a quasi-stable thin disk, which is characterized by a network of
cold ($T < 100$ K), dense clumps and filaments, and hot ($T > 10^6$ K), diffuse
medium. Supernova explosions blow the diffuse gases from the disk, and as a
result, a quasi-steady diffuse halo, which is not uniform but has a plume-like
structure, is formed. The density probability distribution function (PDF) in a
quasi-steady state is well fitted by a Log-Normal function over about seven
orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96344 </DOCNO>
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces. II. Stochastic


  Stochastic antiderivational equations on Banach spaces over local
non-Archimedean fields are investigated. Theorems about existence and
uniqiuness of the solutions are proved under definite conditions. In particular
Wiener processes are considered in relation with the non-Archimedean analog of
the Gaussian measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86220 </DOCNO>
Solutions to the chained galaxy problem and the observation of receding


  The expansion of the universe is the basis of modern cosmology. However,
there is some disagreement about what the `expansion of space' means. If space
were a tangible medium such as air or water that could drag things with it, one
would expect that a galaxy set up at rest with respect to us (a `chained
galaxy') when released, would recede from us as it joined the Hubble flow of
the other galaxies around it. We show, contrary to this conception, that in
many cosmological models the galaxy would approach us. In the currently favored
LambdaCDM model (cold dark matter) with (OmegaM, OmegaL) = (0.3,0.7), the
unchained galaxy will recede as it joins the Hubble flow. In the previously
favored standard CDM model (OmegaM, OmegaL) = (1,0), the galaxy approaches,
passes through us and joins the Hubble flow in the opposite side of the sky. We
show that whether the galaxy approaches us or recedes is determined by the
acceleration of the universe, not the expansion of the universe. In addition,
we derive and explain the counter-intuitive result that receding galaxies can
be blue-shifted, approaching galaxies can be redshifted and that in general, a
chained galaxy at a constant proper distance will have a non-zero redshift. We
discuss the relativistic beams of extragalactic radio sources as candidates for
receding blue-shifted objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114510 </DOCNO>
Structure and Combustion of Magnegases


  In this paper, we study the structure and combustion of magnegases$^{TM}$
(Patented and International Patents Pending), new clean fuels developed by one
of us (R.M.S.) [1], which are produced as byproducts of recycling
nonradioactive liquid feedstock such as antifreeze waste, engine oil waste,
town sewage, crude oil, etc., and generally vary with the liquid used for their
production. A new technology, called PlasmaArcFlow\tm, flows the waste through
a submerged electric arc between conventional electrodes. The arc decomposes
the liquid molecules into their atomic constituents, and forms a plasma in the
immediate vicinity of the electrodes at about 10,000$^o$ F. The technology then
moves the plasma away from the electrodes, and controls its recombination into
environmentally acceptable fuels. The new fuels possess a ew chemical structure
first identified by one of us (R.M.S.), which is characterized by clusters of
ordinary molecules and atoms under a new bond of electromagnetic nature. These
clusters constitute a new chemical species different than the conventional
molecules, since they are stable at ordinary conditions while exhibiting no
infrared signature (other than those of conventional molecular constituents),
thus confirming that the bond is not of valence type. For this reason the new
chemical species is called ''Santilli's electromagnecules'' or ''magnecules''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72877 </DOCNO>
Vector and axial-vector correlators in a chirally symmetric model


  We present a chirally symmetric hadronic model for the vector and
axial-vector correlators in vacuum. The dominant contributions to these
correlators come from intermediate pions, rho and a_1 mesons which are
calculated in one-loop approximation. The resulting spectral functions are
compared with the data obtained by the ALEPH collaboration from tau decay. In
the vector channel we find good agreement up to q^2 = 1 GeV^2, in the
transverse axial-vector channel up to q^2 = 2 GeV^2, corresponding to the
regimes dominated by two-pion or three-pion decay channels, respectively. The
longitudinal axial correlator is in almost perfect agreement with the PCAC
result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99103 </DOCNO>
Spectral and scattering theory for symbolic potentials of order zero


  The spectral and scattering theory is investigated for a generalization, to
scattering metrics on two-dimensional compact manifolds with boundary, of the
class of smooth potentials on the Euclidean plane which are homogeneous of
degree zero near infinity. The most complete results require the additional
assumption that the restriction of the potential to the circle(s) at infinity
be Morse. Generalized eigenfunctions associated to the essential spectrum at
non-critical energies are shown to originate both at minima and maxima,
although the latter are not germane to the $L^2$ spectral theory. Asymptotic
completeness is shown, both in the traditional $L^2$ sense and in the sense of
tempered distributions. This leads to a definition of the scattering matrix,
the structure of which will be described in a future publication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148572 </DOCNO>
From Superalgebras to Superparticles and Superbranes


  In this work we investigate connections between superalgebras and their
realizations in terms of particles, branes and field theory models. We start
from Poincar\'e superalgebras with brane charges and study its representations.
The existence of new supermultiplets in different dimensions including an ultra
short supermultiplet in D=11 different from the supergravity multiplet is
shown. Generalizations of superalgebras containing brane charges, including
those in D$>$11 are considered. The realization of these algebras at the level
of relativistic particle models and, upon quantization, at the level of field
theory is presented. Application of Hamiltonian/BRST methods of quantization of
systems with mixture of first and second class constraints as well as a
conversion method are discussed for the models of interest. Using quantization
of particle mechanics we obtain information on the spectrum and linearized
equations of motion of the perturbative, linearized M-theory. The
generalization of particle models to p-branes is made using a geometrical
formulation of superembedding approach to study the example of L-branes which
have a linear multiplet on their worldvolume. The p-branes and strings in
B-field are considered as well as the origin of noncommutativity and
non-associativity in their low-energy limit. It is shown that the application
of Hamiltonian/BRST methods for those models leads to stringy version of
Seiberg-Witten map and the removal of the non-associativity/noncommutativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72483 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Master Integrals for $\gamma^* \to 3$ Jets: The non-planar


  The calculation of the two-loop corrections to the three-jet production rate
and to event shapes in electron--positron annihilation requires the computation
of a number of two-loop four-point master integrals with one off-shell and
three on-shell legs. Up to now, only those master integrals corresponding to
planar topologies were known. In this paper, we compute the yet outstanding
non-planar master integrals by solving differential equations in the external
invariants which are fulfilled by these master integrals. We obtain the master
integrals as expansions in $\e=(4-d)/2$, where $d$ is the space-time dimension.
The fully analytic results are expressed in terms of the two-dimensional
harmonic polylogarithms already introduced in the evaluation of the planar
topologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149349 </DOCNO>
The slowly rotating near extremal D1-D5 system as a `hot tube'


  The geometry of the D1-D5 system with a small angular momentum j has a long
throat ending in a conical defect. We solve the scalar wave equation for low
energy quanta in this geometry. The quantum is found to reflect off the end of
the throat, and stay trapped in the throat for a long time. The length of the
throat for j=1/2 equals n_1n_5 R, the length of the effective string in the
CFT; we also find that at this distance the incident wave becomes nonlinear.
Filling the throat with several quanta gives a `hot tube' which has emission
properties similar to those of the near extremal black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98075 </DOCNO>
Construction Formulae for Singular Vectors of the Topological and of the


  We write down one-to-one mappings between the singular vectors of the
Neveu-Schwarz N=2 superconformal algebra and $16 + 16$ types of singular
vectors of the Topological and of the Ramond N=2 superconformal algebras. As a
result one obtains construction formulae for the latter using the construction
formulae for the Neveu-Schwarz singular vectors due to D\"orrzapf. The
indecomposable singular vectors of the Topological and of the Ramond N=2
algebras (`no-label' and `no-helicity' singular vectors) cannot be mapped to
singular vectors of the Neveu-Schwarz N=2 algebra, but to {\it subsingular}
vectors, for which no construction formulae exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149362 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein theory, AdS/CFT correspondence and black hole entropy


  The asymptotic symmetries of the near-horizon geometry of a lifted
(near-extremal) Reissner-Nordstrom black hole, obtained by inverting the
Kaluza-Klein reduction, explain the deviation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy
from extremality. We point out the fact that the extra dimension allows us to
justify the use of a Virasoro mode decomposition along the time-like boundary
of the near-horizon geometry, AdS$_2\times$S$^n$, of the lower-dimensional
(Reissner-Nordstrom) spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123831 </DOCNO>
Infrared Line Emission in the Interacting Region of Arp 244 (the


  We report velocity-resolved spectroscopy of infrared hydrogen recombination
lines in the interacting region of the Antennae galaxies (NGC 4038/4039). It
generally has been assumed that the active star formation found there is due to
the interaction of the disks of the two galaxies and indeed two molecular cloud
complexes, separated in velocity by $\sim$100 km s$^{-1}$, have been observed
in the southern part of this region. Our measurements imply that the two cloud
complexes are moving away from each other. This result poses interesting
questions about the physical mechanisms leading to starbursts in Arp 244 and
other interacting galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174787 </DOCNO>
Deformation effects in $^{56}$Ni nuclei produced in $^{28}$Si+$^{28}$Si


  Velocity and energy spectra of the light charged particles (protons and
$\alpha$-particles) emitted in the $^{28}$Si(E$_{lab}$ = 112 MeV) + $^{28}$Si
reaction have been measured at the Strasbourg VIVITRON Tandem facility. The
ICARE charged particle multidetector array was used to obtain exclusive spectra
of the light particles in the angular range 15 - 150 degree and to determine
the angular correlations of these particles with respect to the emission angles
of the evaporation residues. The experimental data are analysed in the
framework of the statistical model. The exclusive energy spectra of
$\alpha$-particles emitted from the $^{28}$Si + $^{28}$Si compound system are
generally well reproduced by Monte Carlo calculations using spin-dependent
level densities. This spin dependence approach suggests the onset of large
deformations at high spin. A re-analysis of previous $\alpha$-particle data
from the $^{30}$Si + $^{30}$Si compound system, using the same spin-dependent
parametrization, is also presented in the framework of a general discussion of
the occurrence of large deformation effects in the A$_{CN}$ ~ 60 mass region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5475 </DOCNO>
Multifractal random walk in copepod behavior


  A 3D copepod trajectory is recorded in the laboratory, using 2 digital
cameras. The copepod undergoes a very structured type of trajectory, with
successive moves displaying intermittent amplitudes. We perform a statistical
analysis of this 3D trajectory using statistical tools developed in the field
of turbulence and anomalous diffusion. We show that the walk belongs to
"multifractal random walks", characterized by a nonlinear moment scaling
function for the distance versus time. To our knowledge, this is the first
experimental study of multifractal anomalous diffusion. We then propose a new
type of stochastic process reproducing these multifractal scaling properties.
This can be directly used for stochastic numerical simulations, and is thus of
important potential applications in the field of animal movement study, and
more generally of anomalous diffusion studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2437 </DOCNO>
Transport phenomena in nanotube quantum dots from strong to weak


  We report low-temperature transport experiments on single-wall nanotubes with
metallic leads of varying contact quality, ranging from weak tunneling to
almost perfect transmission. In the weak tunneling regime, where Coulomb
blockade dominates, the nanotubes act as one-dimensional quantum dots. For
stronger coupling to the leads the conductance can be strongly enhanced by
inelastic cotunneling and the Kondo effect. For open contacts Coulomb blockade
is completely suppressed, and the low-temperature conductance remains generally
high, although we often see distinct dips in the conductance versus gate
voltage which may result from resonant backscattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72646 </DOCNO>
The Fermion Boson Interaction Within the Linear Sigma Model at Finite


  We reinvestigate the interaction of massless fermions with massless bosons at
finite temperature. Specifically, we calculate the self-energy of massless
fermions due the interaction with massless bosons at high temperature, which is
the region where thermal effects are maximal. The calculations are concentrated
in the limit of vanishing fermion three momentum and after considering the
effective fermion and boson dressed masses, we obtain the damping rate of the
fermion up to order $g^3$. It is shown that in the limit $k_0 \ll T$ the
fermion acquire a thermal mass of order $gT$ and the leading term of the
fermion damping rate is of order $g^2T+g^3T$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75928 </DOCNO>
Study of two-photon production process in proton-proton collisions at


  The energy spectrum for high energy $\gamma$-rays ($E_\gamma \geq 10$ MeV)
from the process $pp \to \gamma \gamma X$ emitted at $90^0$ in the laboratory
frame has been measured at 216 MeV. The resulting photon energy spectrum
extracted from $\gamma-\gamma$ coincidence events consists of a narrow peak
(5.3$\sigma$) at a photon energy of about 24 MeV and a relatively broad peak
(3.5$\sigma$) in the energy range of (50 - 70) MeV. This behavior of the photon
energy spectrum is interpreted as a signature of the exotic dibaryon resonance
$d^\star_1$ with a mass of about 1956 MeV which is assumed to be formed in the
radiative process $pp \to \gamma d^\star_1$ followed by its electromagnetic
decay via the $d^\star_1 \to pp \gamma$ mode. The experimental spectrum is
compared with those obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128269 </DOCNO>
Towards Resolving the Crab $\sigma-$Problem: A Linear Accelerator?


  Using the exact solution of the axisymmetric pulsar magnetosphere derived in
a previous publication and the conservation laws of the associated MHD flow, we
show that the Lorentz factor of the outflowing plasma increases linearly with
distance from the light cylinder. Therefore, the ratio of the Poynting to
particle energy flux, generically referred to as $\sigma$, decreases inversely
proportional to distance, from a large value (typically $\gsim 10^4$)near the
light cylinder to $\s \simeq 1$ at a transistion distance $R_{\rm trans}$.
Beyond this distance the inertial effects of the outflowing plasma become
important and the magnetic field geometry must deviate from the almost
monopolar form it attains between $R_{lc}$ and $R_{\rm trans}$. We anticipate
that this is achieved by collimation of the poloidal field lines toward the
rotation axis, ensuring that the magnetic field pressure in the equatorial
region will fall-off faster than $1/R^2$ ($R$ being the cylindrical radius).
This leads both to a value $\s=\ss \ll 1$ at the nebular reverse shock at
distance $R_s$ ($R_s \gg R_{\rm trans}$) and to a component of the flow
perpendicular to the equatorial component, as required by observation. The
presence of the strong shock at $R = R_s$ allows for the efficient conversion
of kinetic energy into radiation. We speculate that the Crab pulsar is unique
in requiring $\ss \simeq 3 \times 10^{-3}$ because of its small translational
velocity, which allowed for the shock distance $R_s$ to grow to values $\gg
R_{\rm trans}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179689 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent quantum effects in the quark meson coupling model


  We derive the equation of state of nuclear matter including vacuum
polarization effects arising from the nucleons and the sigma mesons in the
quark-meson coupling model which incorporates explicitly quark degrees of
freedom with quark coupled to the scalar and vector mesons. This leads to a
softer equation of state for nuclear matter giving a lower value of
incompressibility than would be reached without quantum effects. The {\it
in-medium} nucleon and sigma meson masses are also calculated in a
self-consistent manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128765 </DOCNO>
Losing Weight: A KECK Spectroscopic Survey of the Massive Cluster of


  We present a sample of 47 spectroscopically confirmed members of RX
J1347-1145, the most luminous X-ray cluster of galaxies discovered to date.
With two exceptions, all the galaxies in this sample have red B-R colors and
red spectral indices, with spectra similar to old local ellipticals. Using all
47 cluster members, we derive a mean redshift of 0.4509\pm 0.003, and a
velocity dispersion of 910\pm130 km/sec, which corresponds to a virial mass of
4.4 x 10^{14} h^{-1} Solar masses with an harmonic radius of 380 h^{-1} kpc.
The derived total dynamical mass is marginally consistent with that deduced
from the cluster's X-ray emission based on the analysis of ROSAT/ASCA images
(Schindler et al. 1997), but not consistent with the more recent X-ray analyses
of Allen (2000), Ettori, Allen & Fabian (2001) and Allen, Schmidt & Fabian
(2002). Furthermore, the dynamical mass is significantly smaller than that
derived from weak lensing (Fischer & Tyson 1997) and from strong lensing (Sahu
et al. 1998). We propose that these various discrepant mass estimates may be
understood if RX J1347-1145 is the product of two clusters caught in the act of
merging in a direction perpendicular to the line of sight, although there is no
evidence from the galaxy redshift distribution supporting this hypothesis. Even
with this hypothesis, a significant part of the extremely high X-ray luminosity
must still arise from non-virialized, presumably shocked, gas. Finally, we
report the serendipitous discovery of a lensed background galaxy at z=4.083
which will put strong constraints on the lensing mass determination once its
counter-image is securely identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6200 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional gauge theories of the symmetric group S_n in the large-n


  We study the two-dimensional gauge theory of the symmetric group S_n
describing the statistics of branched n-coverings of Riemann surfaces. We
consider the theory defined on the disk and on the sphere in the large-n limit.
A non trivial phase structure emerges, with various phases corresponding to
different connectivity properties of the covering surface. We show that any
gauge theory on a two-dimensional surface of genus zero is equivalent to a
random walk on the gauge group manifold: in the case of S_n, one of the phase
transitions we find can be interpreted as a cutoff phenomenon in the
corresponding random walk. A connection with the theory of phase transitions in
random graphs is also pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114460 </DOCNO>
Comparative study of metal cluster fission in Hartree-Fock and LDA


  Fission of doubly charged metal clusters is studied using the open-shell
two-center deformed jellium Hartree-Fock model and Local Density Approximation.
Results of calculations of the electronic structure and fission barriers for
the symmetric and asymmetric channels associated with the following processes
Na_{10}^{2+} --> Na_{7}^{+} + Na_{3}^{+}, Na_{18}^{2+} --> Na_{15}^{+} +
Na_{3}^{+} and Na_{18}^{2+} --> 2 Na_{9}^{+} are presented. The role of the
exact exchange and many-body correlation effects in metal clusters fission is
analysed. It is demonstrated that the influence of many-electron correlation
effects on the height of the fission barrier is more profound if the barrier
arises nearby or beyond the scission point. The importance of cluster
deformation effects in the fission process is elucidated with the use of the
overlapping-spheroids shape parametrization allowing one an independent
variation of deformations in the parent and daughter clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76186 </DOCNO>
Remarks on sum rules in the heavy quark limit of QCD


  We underline a problem existing in the heavy quark limit of QCD concerning
the rates of semileptonic B decays into P-wave $D_J(j)$ mesons, where $j = {1
\over 2}$ (wide states) or $j = {3 \over 2}$ (narrow states). The leading order
sum rules of Bjorken and Uraltsev suggest $\Gamma [ \bar{B} \to D_{0,1} ({1
\over 2}) \ell \nu ] \ll \Gamma [ \bar{B} \to D_{1,2} ({3 \over 2}) \ell \nu
]$, in contradiction with experiment. The same trend follows also from a sum
rule for the subleading $1/m_Q$ curent matrix element correction $\xi_3(1)$.
The problem is made explicit in relativistic quarks models \`a la Bakamjian and
Thomas, that give a transparent physical interpretation of the latter as due,
not to a $L \cdot S$ force, but to the Wigner rotation of the light quark spin.
We point out moreover that the selection rule for decay constants of $j = {3
\over 2}$ states, $f_{3/2} = 0$, predicts, assuming the model of factorization,
the opposite hierarchy $\Gamma [ \bar{B} \to \bar{D}_{s_{1,2}} ({3 \over 2})
D^{(*)} ] \ll \Gamma [ \bar{B} \to \bar{D}_{s_{0,1}} ({1 \over 2}) D^{(*)} ]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129599 </DOCNO>
Spectropolarimetric Clues to the Structure and Evolutionary Status of


  We present visible-wavelength spectropolarimetric measurements of the
emission-line star MWC 349A and its close optical companion MWC 349B, conducted
with the HPOL spectropolarimeter on both the 0.9 m telescope at the University
of Wisconsin's Pine Bluff Observatory and the 3.5 m WIYN telescope on Kitt
Peak. Our measurements allow us to estimate the interstellar polarization
contribution and thus constrain the intrinsic polarization of MWC 349A, which
we find to be consistent in position angle with the dusty disk seen
perpendicular to the bipolar outflow. Our analysis reopens the possibility that
MWC 349A may be part of the Cyg OB2 association, suggests that it is not a
physical companion to MWC 349B, and supports the classification of MWC 349A as
a pre-main sequence B[e] star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128788 </DOCNO>
A Spectroscopic Reconnaissance of UV-Bright Stars


  We have carried out spectroscopic observations and made preliminary
classifications of 62 UV-bright stars identified by Lanning on plates taken by
A. Sandage. The goal was to search for "interesting" objects, such as
emission-line stars, hot sub-dwarfs, and high-gravity stars. Our targets were
grouped into two samples, a bright, B < 13, sample of 35 stars observed with
the Kitt Peak 2.1m telescope and a faint, 13< B < 16, sample of 27 stars
observed with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. We find 39% fairly normal O-mid B
stars, 15% late ~B-late A stars and 32% F-G stars, with 13% of the stars being
high gravity objects, composite, or otherwise peculiar. Included are four
emission-line stars, three composite systems. Thus one out of every ten Lanning
stars is "interesting" and may deserve individual study. Stars in the bright
sample are often found to be late F or early G stars, although this sample does
include interesting stars as well. No such large contamination occurs among the
fainter stars, however, owing to "deselection" of these stars by interstellar
reddening in the low-latitude fields of the survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148366 </DOCNO>
On Domain Walls of N=1 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills in Four Dimensions


  We study the BPS domain walls of supersymmetric Yang-Mills for arbitrary
gauge group. We describe the degeneracies of domain walls interpolating between
arbitrary pairs of vacua. A recently proposed large N duality sheds light on
various aspects of such domain walls. In particular, for the case of G = SU(N)
the domain walls correspond to wrapped D-branes giving rise to a 2+1
dimensional U(k) gauge theory on the domain wall with a Chern-Simons term of
level N. This leads to a counting of BPS degeneracies of domain walls in
agreement with expected results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75108 </DOCNO>
Effects of Quenching and Partial Quenching on Penguin Matrix Elements


  In the calculation of non-leptonic weak decay rates, a "mismatch" arises when
the QCD evolution of the relevant weak hamiltonian down to hadronic scales is
performed in unquenched QCD, but the hadronic matrix elements are then computed
in (partially) quenched lattice QCD. This mismatch arises because the
transformation properties of penguin operators under chiral symmetry change in
the transition from unquenched to (partially) quenched QCD. Here we discuss
QCD-penguin contributions to $\Delta S=1$ matrix elements, and show that new
low-energy constants contribute at leading order in chiral perturbation theory
in this case. In the partially quenched case (in which sea quarks are present),
these low-energy constants are related to electro-magnetic penguins, while in
the quenched case (with no sea quarks) no such relation exists. As a simple
example, we give explicit results for $K^+\to\pi^+$ and $K^0\to vacuum$ matrix
elements, and discuss the implications for lattice determinations of
$K\to\pi\pi$ amplitudes from these matrix elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41490 </DOCNO>
Observation of the Decay $B \to K \ell^{+} \ell^{-}$


  We report a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decay $B \to
K^{(*)} \ell^{+} \ell^{-}$ using a 29.1 fb${}^{-1}$ data sample accumulated at
the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^{+}e^{-}$
storage ring. We observe the decay process $B\to K\ell^+\ell^- (\ell = e, \mu
)$, for the first time, with a branching fraction of ${\cal B}(B \to K \ell^{+}
\ell^{-}) = (0.75^{+0.25}_{-0.21} \pm 0.09) \times 10^{-6}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127075 </DOCNO>
The first world atlas of the artificial night sky brightness


  We present the first World Atlas of the zenith artificial night sky
brightness at sea level. Based on radiance calibrated high resolution DMSP
satellite data and on accurate modelling of light propagation in the
atmosphere, it provides a nearly global picture of how mankind is proceeding to
envelope itself in a luminous fog. Comparing the Atlas with the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) population density database we determined the fraction of
population who are living under a sky of given brightness. About two thirds of
the World population and 99% of the population in US (excluding Alaska and
Hawaii) and EU live in areas where the night sky is above the threshold set for
polluted status. Assuming average eye functionality, about one fifth of the
World population, more than two thirds of the US population and more than one
half of the EU population have already lost naked eye visibility of the Milky
Way. Finally, about one tenth of the World population, more than 40% of the US
population and one sixth of the EU population no longer view the heavens with
the eye adapted to night vision because the sky brightness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86859 </DOCNO>
High Temperature Matter and Gamma Ray Spectra from Microscopic Black


  The relativistic viscous fluid equations describing the outflow of high
temperature matter created via Hawking radiation from microscopic black holes
are solved numerically for a realistic equation of state. We focus on black
holes with initial temperatures greater than 100 GeV and lifetimes less than 6
days. The spectra of direct photons and photons from $\pi^0$ decay are
calculated for energies greater than 1 GeV. We calculate the diffuse gamma ray
spectrum from black holes distributed in our galactic halo. However, the most
promising route for their observation is to search for point sources emitting
gamma rays of ever-increasing energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76830 </DOCNO>
(Some of) recent $\gamma\gamma$ measurements from LEP


  Inclusive measurement of $J/\Psi$ (DELPHI), search for $\eta_b$ (ALEPH) and
measurement of the cross-section of the double-tagged $\gamma\gamma$ events
(ALEPH) are briefly overviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 855 </DOCNO>
The surface barrier in mesoscopic type I and type II superconductors


  We study the surface barrier for magnetic field penetration in mesoscopic
samples of both type I and type II superconductors. Our results are obtained
from numerical simulations of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations. We
calculate the dependence of the first field for flux penetration ($H_p$) with
the Ginzburg-Landau parameter ($\kappa $) observing an increase of $H_p$ with
decreasing $\kappa$ for a superconductor-insulator boundary condition ($(\nabla
-iA)\Psi|_n=0$) while for a superconductor-normal boundary condition
(approximated by the limiting case of $\Psi|_S=0$) $H_p$ has a smaller value
independent of $\kappa$ and proportional to $H_c$. We study the magnetization
curves and penetration fields at different sample sizes and for square and thin
film geometries. For small mesoscopic samples we study the peaks and
discontinuous jumps found in the magnetization as a function of magnetic field.
To interpret these jumps we consider that vortices located inside the sample
induce a reinforcement of the surface barrier at fields greater than the first
penetration field $H_{p1}$. This leads to multiple penetration fields $H_{pi} =
H_{p1}, H_{p2}, H_{p3}, ...$ for vortex entrance in mesoscopic samples. We
study the dependence with sample size of the penetration fields $H_{pi}$. We
explain these multiple penetration fields extending the usual Bean-Livingston
analysis by considering the effect of vortices inside the superconductor and
the finite size of the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 475 </DOCNO>
Electron localization in the insulating state: application to


  We measure electron localization in different materials by means of a
``localization tensor'', based on Berry phases and related quantities. We
analyze its properties, and we actually compute such tensor from first
principles for several tetrahedrally coordinated semiconductors. We discuss the
trends in our calculated quantity, and we relate our findings to recent work by
other authors. We also address the ``hermaphrodite orbitals'', which are
localized (Wannier-like) in a given direction, and delocalized (Bloch-like) in
the two orthogonal directions: our tensor is related to the optimal
localization of these orbitals. We also prove numerically that the decay of the
optimally localized hermaphrodite orbitals is exponential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127603 </DOCNO>
Molecular Gas in the Galactic Halo and Beyond


  I review recent observations of molecular gas in the halo of the Milky Way
and in the Magellanic Clouds. Far-ultraviolet absorption line studies of
molecular hydrogen (H_2) with ORFEUS and FUSE have unveiled the presence of a
diffuse molecular hydrogen component in intermediate- and high-velocity clouds
in the Galactic halo. Although the number of measurements is still quite small,
the data suggests that diffuse H_2 in the halo exists only in clouds that
contain a sufficient amount of heavy elements and dust, on whose surface the
H_2 formation proceeds most efficiently. The implications of these observations
for our understanding of the Milky Way halo are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76766 </DOCNO>
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Calculation


  I review standard big bang nucleosynthesis and some versions of nonstandard
BBN. The abundances of the primordial isotopes D, He-3, and Li-7 produced in
standard BBN can be calculated as a function of the baryon density with an
accuracy of about 10%. For He-4 the accuracy is better than 1%. The calculated
abundances agree fairly well with observations, but the baryon density of the
universe cannot be determined with high precision. Possibilities for
nonstandard BBN include inhomogeneous and antimatter BBN and nonzero neutrino
chemical potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81327 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Correlators from All-point Quark Propagators


  A method for computing all-point quark propagators is applied to a variety of
processes of physical interest in lattice QCD. The method allows, for example,
efficient calculation of disconnected parts and full momentum-space 2 and 3
point functions. Examples discussed include: extraction of chiral Lagrangian
parameters from current correlators, the pion form factor, and the unquenched
eta-prime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7140 </DOCNO>
Herd Formation and Information Transmission in a Population:


  We present generalized dynamical models describing the sharing of
information, and the corresponding herd behavior, in a population based on the
recent model proposed by Egu\'{\i}luz and Zimmermann (EZ) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85,
5659 (2000)]. The EZ model, which is a dynamical version of the herd formation
model of Cont and Bouchaud (CB), gives a reasonable model for the formation of
clusters of agents and for actions taken by clusters of agents. Both the EZ and
CB models give a cluster size distribution characterized by a power law with an
exponent -5/2. By introducing a size-dependent probability for dissociation of
a cluster of agents, we show that the exponent characterizing the cluster size
distribution becomes model-dependent and non-universal, with an exponential
cutoff for large cluster sizes. The actions taken by the clusters of agents
generate the price returns, the distribution of which is also characterized by
a model-dependent exponent. When a size-dependent transaction rate is
introduced instead of a size-dependent dissociation rate, it is found that the
distribution of price returns is characterized by a model-dependent exponent
while the exponent for the cluster-size distribution remains unchanged. The
resulting systems provide simplified models of a financial market and yield
power law behaviour with an easily tunable exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74551 </DOCNO>
Feynman's derivation of Maxwell equations and extra dimensions


  It is shown that Feynman's derivation of Maxwell equations admits a
generalization to the case of extra spatial dimensions. The generalization is
unique and is only possible in seven dimensional space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97101 </DOCNO>
On formality of generalised symmetric spaces


  We prove that all generalised symmetric spaces of compact simple Lie groups
are formal in the sense of Sullivan. Nevertheless, many of them, including all
the non-symmetric flag manifolds, do not admit Riemannian metrics for which all
products of harmonic forms are harmonic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7537 </DOCNO>
Influence of orbital pair breaking on paramagnetically limited states in


  Paramagnetic pair breaking is believed to be of increasing importance in many
layered superconducting materials such as cuprates and organic compounds.
Recently, strong evidence for a phase transition to the
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov(FFLO) state has been obtained for the first
time. We present a new theory of competing spin and orbital pair breaking in
clean superconducting films or layers. As a general result, we find that the
influence of orbital pair breaking on the paramagnetically limited phase
boundary is rather strong, and its neglect seldom justified. This is
particularly true for the FFLO state which can be destroyed by a very small
orbital contribution. We discuss the situation in YBa_2Cu_3O_7 which has two
coupled conducting Cu-O layers per unit cell. As a consequence, an intrinsic
orbital pair breaking component might exist even for applied field exactly
parallel to the layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5425 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Surface Micro Trap


  Bose-Einstein condensation has been achieved in a magnetic surface micro trap
with 4x10^5 87Rb atoms. The strongly anisotropic trapping potential is
generated by a microstructure which consists of microfabricated linear copper
conductors at a width ranging from 3 to 30 micrometer. After loading a high
number of atoms from a pulsed thermal source directly into a magneto-optical
trap (MOT) the magnetically stored atoms are transferred into the micro trap by
adiabatic transformation of the trapping potential. The complete in vacuo trap
design is compatible with ultrahigh vacuum below 2x10^(-11) mbar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128079 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Radio Remnant of SN 1987A: 1990 -- 2001


  The development of the radio remnant of SN 1987A has been followed using the
Australia Telescope Compact Array since its first detection in 1990 August. The
remnant has been observed at four frequencies, 1.4, 2.4, 4.8 and 8.6 GHz, at
intervals of 4 - 6 weeks since the first detection. These data are combined
with the 843 MHz data set of Ball et al. (2001) obtained at Molonglo
Observatory to study the spectral and temporal variations of the emission.
These observations show that the remnant continues to increase in brightness,
with a larger rate of increase at recent times. They also show that the radio
spectrum is becoming flatter, with the spectral index changing from -0.97 to
-0.88 over the 11 years. In addition, at roughly yearly intervals since 1992,
the remnant has been imaged at 9 GHz using super-resolution techniques to
obtain an effective synthesised beamwidth of about 0".5. The imaging
observations confirm the shell-morphology of the radio remnant and show that it
continues to expand at ~3000 km/s. The bright regions of radio emission seen on
the limb of the shell do not appear to be related to the optical hotspots which
have subsequently appeared in surrounding circumstellar material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95456 </DOCNO>
Drift and entropy growth for random walks on groups


  In this paper we consider finitary symmetric random walks on groups. We
construct new possible asymptotics for the drift. We show that the drift can be
very close to linear ant yet sublinear. We also give estimates for entropy
growth of these random walks. In particular, we prove that there exist
infinitely many asymptotics of entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75518 </DOCNO>
The CCFM Monte Carlo generator CASCADE


  CASCADE is a full hadron level Monte Carlo event generator for e-p, gamma-p
and p-p_bar processes, which uses the CCFM evolution equation for the initial
state cascade in a backward evolution approach supplemented with off-shell
matrix elements for the hard scattering. A detailed program description is
given, with emphasis on parameters the user wants to change and common block
variables which completely specify the generated events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169181 </DOCNO>
Manifolds of interconvertible pure states


  Local orbits of a pure state of an N x N bi-partite quantum system are
analyzed. We compute their dimensions which depends on the degeneracy of the
vector of coefficients arising by the Schmidt decomposition. In particular, the
generic orbit has 2N^2 -N-1 dimensions, the set of separable states is 4(N-1)
dimensional, while the manifold of maximally entangled states has N^2-1
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168960 </DOCNO>
Superluminal information transmission using a double-double-slit


  This paper has been withdrawn

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98536 </DOCNO>
A remark on sl_2 approximation of the Kontsevich integral of the unknot


  We give a formula for an sl_2 approximation of the Kontsevich integral of the
unknot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86311 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of a Spacetime with Infinite Lambda and c


  A solution of the sourceless Einstein's equation with infinite values for the
cosmological constant Lambda and for the speed of light c is discussed by using
In\"on\"u-Wigner contractions of the de Sitter groups and spaces. When Lambda
--> infinity, spacetime becomes a four-dimensional cone, dual to Minkowski
space by a spacetime inversion. This inversion relates the four-cone vertex to
the infinity of Minkowski space, and the four-cone infinity to the Minkowski
light-cone. When further c --> infinity, the kinematical group is a modified
Galilei group in which the space and time translations are replaced by the
non-relativistic limits of the corresponding proper conformal transformations.
This group satisfies the same abstract Lie algebra of the Galilei group and can
be named the conformal Galilei group. The results may be of interest to the
early Universe Cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97387 </DOCNO>
Elliptic genera, torus manifolds and multi-fans


  The rigidity theorem of Witten-Bott-Taubes-Hirzebruch tells us that, if the
circle group acts on a closed almost complex (or more generally unitary)
manifold whose first Chern class is divisible by a positive integer N greater
than 1, then its equivariant elliptic genus of level N is rigid. Applying this
to a non-singular compact toric variety, we see that its elliptic genus of
level N is rigid if its first Chern class is divisible by N. But, using a
vanishing theorem of Hirzebruch, we can show moreover that the genus actually
vanishes. In this note we shall extend this result to torus manifolds. In fact,
a non-singular complete multi-fan is associated with a torus manifold, and
rigidity and vanishing of elliptic genus of level N can be formulated and
proved for non-singular complete multi-fans. Some applications on compact
non-singular toric varieties with the first Chern class divisible by a large
positive integer are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72988 </DOCNO>
Quintessence and Cosmic Microwave Background


  Analytic formulas for the position of the first acoustic peak in the CMB are
derived and discussed. They are generalized to the case of a time-dependent
dark energy component and it is shown how the cosmic parameters $\Omega_M$ and
$\Lambda_{\Lambda}$, extracted from observations, have an intrinsic uncertainty
until one knows whether the dark energy density is, or is not, time dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98188 </DOCNO>
Restrictions on collapsing with a lower sectional curvature bound


  We obtain new topological information about the local structure of collapsing
under a lower sectional curvature bound. As an application we prove a new
sphere theorem and obtain a partial result towards the conjecture that not
every Alexandrov space can be obtained as a limit of a sequence of Riemannian
manifolds with sectional curvature bounded from below.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148235 </DOCNO>
Unitarity, D-brane dynamics and D-brane categories


  This is a short nontechnical note summarizing the motivation and results of
my recent work on D-brane categories. I also give a brief outline of how this
framework can be applied to study the dynamics of topological D-branes and why
this has a bearing on the homological mirror symmetry conjecture. This note can
be read without any knowledge of category theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179742 </DOCNO>
Total Photoabsorption Cross Sections of A=6 Nuclei with Complete Final


  The total photoabsorption cross sections of 6He and 6Li are calculated
microscopically with full inclusion of the six-nucleon final state interaction
using semirealistic nucleon-nucleon potentials. The Lorentz Integral Transform
(LIT) method and the effective interaction approach for the hyperspherical
formalism are employed. While 6Li has a single broad giant resonance peak,
there are two well separated peaks for 6He corresponding to the breakup of the
neutron halo and the alpha core, respectively. The comparison with the few
available experimental data is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73795 </DOCNO>
Superconformal Tensor Calculus in Five Dimensions


  We present a full superconformal tensor calculus in five spacetime dimensions
in which the Weyl multiplet has 32 Bose plus 32 Fermi degrees of freedom. It is
derived by the dimensional reduction from the 6D superconformal tensor
calculus. We present two types of 32+32 Weyl multiplets, vector multiplet,
linear multiplet, hypermultiplet and nonlinear multiplet. Their superconformal
transformation laws and the embedding and invariant action formulas are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1846 </DOCNO>
Momentum transferred to a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate by stimulated


  The response of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensed gas to a density
perturbation generated by a two-photon Bragg pulse is investigated by solving
the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We calculate the total momentum
imparted to the condensate as a function of both the time duration of the pulse
and the frequency difference of the two laser beams. The role of the dynamic
response function in characterizing the time evolution of the system is pointed
out, with special emphasis to the phonon regime. Numerical simulations are
compared with the predictions of local density approximation. The relevance of
our results for the interpretation of current experiments is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74356 </DOCNO>
Kinematical twist-3 effects in DVCS as a quark spin rotation


  We point out that the kinematical twist-3 contributions to the DVCS
amplitude, required to restore electromagnetic gauge invariance of the twist-2
amplitude up to O(t/q^2), can be understood as a spin rotation applied to the
twist-2 quark density matrix in the target. This allows for a compact
representation of the twist-3 effects, as well as for a simple physical
interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126854 </DOCNO>
The HI Content and Extent of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies - Could LSB


  Low surface brightness galaxies, those galaxies with a central surface
brightness at least one magnitude fainter than the night sky, are often not
included in discussions of extragalactic gas at z < 0.1. In this paper we
review many of the properties of low surface brightness galaxies, including
recent studies which indicate low surface brightness systems may contribute far
more to the local HI luminosity function than previously thought. Additionally,
we use the known (HI) gas properties of low surface brightness galaxies to
consider their possible contribution to nearby damped Lyman-alpha absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73347 </DOCNO>
Study of the $B_c$-meson lifetime


  We in terms of optical theorem estimate the lifetime of $B_c-$meson with the
parameters which are deturmined by fitting the data for the lifetimes and
inclusive semilepton-decays of various $B$ and $D$ mesons. In the estimate, we
find that the bound-state effects are important, and take them into account
carefully in the framework which attributes the effects to the effective masses
of the decay heavy quarks in the inclusive processes. We also find that to
$B_c$ lifetime the penguin contribution is enhanced due to possible
interference between the penguin and the `tree part' $c_1O_1+c_2O_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77038 </DOCNO>
Particle Production in Cosmology and Imaginary Time Method


  After brief personal recollections of the author's long-time friendship with
Misha Marinov the problem of particle production by classical time- varying
scalar field is discussed. In the quasiclassical limit the calculations are
done by imaginary time method developed, in particular, in Marinov's works. The
method permits to obtain simple analytical expressions which well agree with
the later found numerical solutions. The results are compared with perturbative
calculations and it is argued that perturbation theory gives an upper limit for
the rate of production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113474 </DOCNO>
Relatively Moving Systems in "True Transformations Relativity"


  In this paper the physical systems consisting of relatively moving subsystems
are considered in the "true transformations relativity." It is found in a
manifestly covariant way that there is a second-order electric field outside
stationary current-carrying conductor. It is also found that there are opposite
charges on opposite sides of a square loop with current and these charges are
invariant charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95622 </DOCNO>
The charge conjugation orbifold $V_{Z\alpha}^{+}$ is rational when


  We prove that the vertex operator algebra $V_{Z\alpha}^{+}$ is rational if
$<\alpha,\alpha>/2$ is a prime integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174748 </DOCNO>
Charged particle multiplicity and transverse energy in Au - Au


  This paper presents the results for the charged-particle multiplicity and
transverse energy distributions at mid-rapidity in Au - Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=130$ GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. The
values of $dN_{ch}/d\eta_{|\eta=0}$ and $dE_{T}/d\eta_{|\eta=0}$, analyzed as a
function of centrality, show a consistent steady rise. For the 5% most central
collisions they are $\sim70$% larger compared to the SPS results for Pb-Pb
collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=17.2$ GeV. The ratio of $<E_{T}>/<N_{ch}>$
remains constant as a function of centrality at 0.8 GeV, as also observed at
the SPS at CERN and at the AGS at BNL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75105 </DOCNO>
The topological susceptibility and f_pi from lattice QCD


  We study the topological susceptibility, chi, in QCD with two quark flavours
using lattice field configurations that have been produced with an O(a)
improved quark action. We find clear evidence for the expected suppression at
small quark mass, and examine the variation of chi with this mass. The
resulting estimate of the pion decay constant, f_pi = 105 +/- 6 ^{+18}_{-10}
MeV, is consistent with the experimental value of ~93 MeV. We compare chi to
the large-N_c prediction and find consistency over a large range of quark
masses. We discuss the benefits of the non-perturbative action improvement
scheme and of the stategy of keeping the lattice spacing (nearly) fixed as the
quark mass is varied. We compare our results with other studies and suggest why
such a quark mass dependence has not always been seen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125607 </DOCNO>
Mg II Absorber Number Density at z~0.05: Implications for Omega_DLA


  An unbiased sample of 147 quasar/AGN spectra, obtained with the FOS/HST, has
been searched for intervening MgII absorbers over the redshift range 0<z<0.15.
The total redshift path searched is 18.8, with the survey being 80% complete to
a 5-sigma rest-frame equivalent width, W_r(2796), of 0.6 Ang. Main results of
this work are: [1] Four systems were found, with a mean redshift of <z>=0.06,
yielding a redshift number density dN/dz=0.22(+0.12)(-0.09) for absorbers with
W_r(2796)>0.6 Ang. This is consistent with the value expected if these systems
do not evolve from higher redshifts (z=2.2). [2] No systems with W_r(2796)<0.6
Ang were found. It is a 2-sigma result to have a null detection of smaller
W_r(2796) systems. If this implies a turnover in the low W_r(2796) region of
the equivalent width distribution at z~0, then there is at least a 25%
reduction in the average galaxy gas cross section from z<0.2 galaxies. [3]
These systems have strong FeII absorption and are good candidates for damped
Ly-alpha absorbers DLAs (see Rao & Turnshek 2000, ApJS, 130, 1). This
translates to a redshift number density of dN/dz=0.08(+0.09)(-0.05) for DLAs at
z~0. In tandem with the data analyzed by Rao & Turnshek, these results indicate
that the redshift number density of DLAs does not evolve from z~4 to z~0. If
the HI mass function does not evolve from z~0.5 to z~0, then the cosmological
HI mass density is also deduced to not evolve from z~4 to z~0. These z~0
results for MgII absorption-selected DLAs are at odds with those based upon
21-cm emission from HI galaxies by a factor of five to six.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148069 </DOCNO>
Generic junction conditions in brane-world scenarios


  We present the generic junction conditions obeyed by a co-dimension one brane
in an arbitrary background spacetime. As well as the usual Darmois-Israel
junction conditions which relate the discontinuity in the extrinsic curvature
to the to the energy-momentum tensor of matter which is localized to the brane,
we point out that another condition must also be obeyed. This condition, which
is the analogous to Newton's second law for a point particle, is trivially
satisfied when $Z_2$ symmetry is enforced by hand, but in more general
circumstances governs the evolution of the brane world-volume. As an
illustration of its effect we compute the force on the brane due to a form
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72975 </DOCNO>
Compton Scattering by the Proton


  Compton scattering by the proton has been measured over a wide range covering
photon energies 250 MeV < E_\gamma < 800 MeV and photon scattering angles 30^0
< \theta^{lab}_\gamma < 150^0, using the tagged-photon facility at MAMI (Mainz)
and the large-acceptance arrangement LARA. The data are in good agreement with
the dispersion theory based on the SAID-SM99K parameterization of photo-meson
amplitudes. From the subset of data between 280 and 360 MeV the resonance
pion-photoproduction amplitudes were evaluated leading to the multipole E2/M1
ratio EMR(340 MeV) =(-1.6 \pm 0.4(stat+syst) \pm 0.2(model)%. From all data
below 455 MeV the proton's backward spin polarizability was determined to be
\gamma_\pi=(-37.9 \pm 0.6(stat+syst) \pm 3.5(model))x10^{-4}fm^4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127183 </DOCNO>
Dependence of kHz QPO Properties on Normal-Branch Oscillation Phase in


  We analysed RXTE data of Sco X-1 which show kHz quasi-periodic oscillations
(QPOs) and the $\sim$6--8 Hz normal-branch oscillation (NBO) simultaneously.
Using power spectra of 0.03--0.5 s data segments, we find that both the upper
kHz QPO frequency $\nu_2$ and the ratio of lower to upper kHz QPO amplitude are
anticorrelated to variations in the X-ray count-rate taking place on the NBO
time scale. The frequency dependence is similar to (but probably weaker than)
that found on longer time scales, but the power ratio dependence is opposite to
it. A model where radiative stresses on the disk material, modulated at the NBO
frequency, lead to changes in $\nu_2$ can explain the data; this implies some
of the NBO flux changes originate from inside the inner disk radius. We discuss
how these findings affect our understanding of kHz QPOs and of the
low-frequency variability of low-mass X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96322 </DOCNO>
Surfaces with $p_g=q=3$


  We classify minimal complex surfaces of general type with $p_g=q=3$. More
precisely, we show that such a surface is either the symmetric product of a
curve of genus 3 or a free $\Z_2-$quotient of the product of a curve of genus 2
and a curve of genus 3. Our main tools are the generic vanishing theorems of
Green and Lazarsfeld and Fourier--Mukai transforms. The same result has been
obtained independently at the same time by G. Pirola using different methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81441 </DOCNO>
Zero temperature phase structure of multi-flavor QCD


  To study continuum limit of lattice QCD with many light quark flavors, we
investigate the zero temperature phase structures of multi-flavor QCD.
Currently a series of exploratory simulations are being performed with the
number of quark flavors, $N_f $= 6, 8, and 10 on a set of lattice volumes for
various quark masses. Here, we report on the current status of our simulation
on a $8^4$ lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3548 </DOCNO>
Shot noise of weak cotunneling current: Non-equilibrium


  We study the noise of the cotunneling current through one or several
tunnel-coupled quantum dots in the Coulomb blockade regime. We consider the
regime of weak (elastic and inelastic) cotunneling, and prove a non-equilibrium
fluctuation-dissipation theorem which leads to a universal expression for the
noise-to-current ratio (Fano factor).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97318 </DOCNO>
The deformation spaces of projectively flat structures on 2-orbifolds


  We determine the deformation space of convex real projective structures,
i.e., projectively flat torsion-free connections with convexity properties, on
a compact orbifold of negative Euler characteristic is homeomorphic to a cell
of certain dimension. Using this, we show that the deformation space of $\bR
P^2$-structures on the orbifold is homeomorphic to a countable union of cells.
The basic techniques are from Thurston's lecture notes on hyperbolic orbifolds,
and the previous work of Goldman on convex real projective structures on
surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123806 </DOCNO>
Origin and possible birthplace of the extreme runaway star HIP 60350


  Using the recently determined spatial velocity components of the extreme
runaway star HIP 60350 and a gravitation potential model of the Galaxy, we
integrate the orbit of HIP 60350 back to the plane of the Galaxy. In this way,
a possible location of the formation of the star is determined. We estimate the
uncertainty of the result due to the uncertainties of the gravitational
potential model and the errors in the spatial velocity components. The place of
birth lies (within the errors) near the position of the open cluster NGC 3603.
However, the ejection event which occured about 20 Myr ago is in contradiction
with the cluster mean age of 3-4 Myr. We suggest that it occured at an earlier
phase in sequential star formation in that region. We discuss also ejection
mechanisms. Due to the rather high mass of the star (about $5 \Msol$), the most
probable model is that of dynamical ejection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126020 </DOCNO>
Altair's Oblateness and Rotation Velocity


  We present infrared interferometric angular size measurements for the A7IV-V
star Altair which indicate a non-circular projected disk brightness
distribution. Given the known rapid rotation of this star, we model the data as
arising from an elongated rigid atmosphere. To first order, an ellipse may be
fit to our interferometric diameter measurements, with major and minor axes of
2a=3.461+-0.038 milliarcseconds (mas) and 2b=3.037+-0.069 mas, respectively,
for a difference of 424+-79 microarcseconds between 2a and 2b, and with an
axial ratio of a/b =1.140+-0.029. Assuming that the apparent oblateness of the
photosphere is due to the star's rapid rotation, a more rigorous evaluation of
the observation data in the context of a rigidly rotating Roche model shows
that an estimate of v sin i = 210+-13 km/s can be derived that is independent
of spectroscopic techniques. Also derived are values for the mean effective
temperature, the mean linear radius, and an observational constraint upon the
the relationship between rotation velocity and stellar inclination is
established. Altair is the first main sequence star for which direct
observations of an oblate photosphere have been reported, and the first star
forwhich v sin i has been established from observations of the star's
photospheric geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76073 </DOCNO>
The non-forward BFKL amplitude and rapidity gap physics


  We discuss the BFKL approach to processes with large momentum transferred
through a rapidity gap. The Mueller and Tang scheme to the BFKL non-forward
parton-parton elastic scattering amplitude at large $t$, is extended to include
higher conformal spins. The new contributions are found to decrease with
increasing energy, as follows from the gluon reggeisation phenomenon, and to
vanish for asymptotically high energies. However, at moderate energies and high
$|t|$, the higher conformal spins dominate the amplitude. We illustrate the
effects by studying the production of two high $E_T$ jets separated by a
rapidity gap at HERA energies. In a simplified framework, we find excellent
agreement with the HERA photoproduction data once we incorporate the rapidity
gap survival probability against soft rescattering effects. We emphasize that
measurements of the analogous process in electroproduction may probe different
summations over conformal spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98119 </DOCNO>
Free cumulants and enumeration of connected partitions


  A combinatorial formula is derived which expresses free cumulants in terms of
classical comulants. As a corollary, we give a combinatorial interpretation of
free cumulants of classical distributions, notably Gaussian and Poisson
distributions. The latter count connected pairings and connected set partitions
respectively. The proof relies on Moebius inversion on the partition lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76870 </DOCNO>
B-Mesons on the Transverse Lattice


  We present results from a first study of $B$-mesons that is based on a
transverse lattice formulation of light-front QCD. The shape of the Isgur-Wise
form factor is in very good agreement with experimental data. However, the
calculations yield rather large values for $f_B$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ compared
to contemporary calculations based on other techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74298 </DOCNO>
Radial Correlations between two quarks


  In nuclear many-body problems the short-range correlation between two
nucleons is well described by the corresponding correlation in the {two}-body
problem. Therefore, as a first step in any attempt at an analogous description
of many-quark systems, it is necessary to know the two-quark correlation. With
this in mind, we study the light quark distribution in a heavy-light meson with
a static heavy quark. The charge and matter radial distributions of these
heavy-light mesons are measured on a lattice with a light quark mass about that
of the strange quark. Both distributions can be well fitted upto r approx 0.7
fm with the exponential form w_i^2(r), where w_i(r)=A exp(-r/r_i). For the
charge(c) and matter(m) distributions r_c approx 0.32(2) fm and r_m \approx
0.24(2) fm. We also discuss the normalisation of the total charge (defined to
be unity in the continuum limit) and matter integrated over all space, finding
1.30(5) and 0.4(1) respectively for a lattice spacing approx 0.17 fm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97616 </DOCNO>
On the lambda-equations for matching control laws


  We discuss matching control laws for underactuated systems. We previously
showed that this class of matching control laws is completely charactarized by
a linear system of first order partial differential equations for one set of
variables followed by a linear system of first order PDEs for a second set of
variables. Here we derive a new first order system of partial differential
equations that encodes all compatibility conditions for the lambda-equations.
We give four examples illustrating different features of matching control laws.
The last example is a system with two unactuated degrees of freedom that admits
only basic solutions to the matching equations. There are systems with many
matching control laws where only basic solutions are potentially useful. We
introduce a rank condition indicating when this is likely to be the case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6857 </DOCNO>
Resonant control of elastic collisions in an optically trapped Fermi gas


  We have loaded an ultracold gas of fermionic atoms into a far off resonance
optical dipole trap and precisely controlled the spin composition of the
trapped gas. We have measured a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance between atoms
in the two lowest energy spin-states, |9/2, -9/2> and |9/2, -7/2>. The
resonance peaks at a magnetic field of 201.5 plus or minus 1.4 G and has a
width of 8.0 plus or minus 1.1 G. Using this resonance we have changed the
elastic collision cross section in the gas by nearly 3 orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113547 </DOCNO>
An astrophysical oscillator strength for the SII 94.7 nm resonance line


  By using UV spectra for the O star HD 93521 taken with the ORFEUS II echelle
spectrograph, we determine an ``astrophysical'' f value for the SII 94.7 nm
line: f = 0.00498 (+0.00172)(-0.00138), error at 1 sigma level.This is almost a
factor of 30 smaller than the guessed value found in the Kurucz database
(f=0.1472), which was up to now the only one available for this transition. We
use our ``astrophysical'' f to investigate the S abundance in two Damped
Ly-alpha absorption systems (DLAs) observed with UVES at the ESO 8.2m Kueyen
telescope. In the case of the absorber at zabs=3.02486 towards QSO 0347-3819 we
find a sulphur column density which is consistent, within errors, with that
determined by Centurion et al by means of the 125.9 nm line, thus providing an
external check on the accuracy of our f value. For the damped absorber at
zabs=4.4680 towards BR J0307-4945 we determine a high value of the S abundance,
which, however, is probably the result of blending with Ly-alpha forest lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86064 </DOCNO>
Cosmology in scalar tensor theory and asymptotically de-Sitter Universe


  We have investigated the cosmological scenarios with a four dimensional
effective action which is connected with multidimensional, supergravity and
string theories. The solution for the scale factor is such that initially
universe undergoes a decelerated expansion but in late times it enters into the
accelerated expansion phase. Infact, it asymptotically becomes a de-Sitter
universe. The dilaton field in our model is a decreasing function of time and
it becomes a constant in late time resulting the exit from the scalar tensor
theory to the standard Einstein's gravity. Also the dilaton field results the
existence of a positive cosmological constant in late times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124106 </DOCNO>
AGB and Post-AGB Evolution: Structural and Chemical Changes


  Structural and chemical changes during the AGB and post-AGB evolution are
discussed with respect to two recent observational and theoretical findings. On
the one hand, high-resolution infrared observations revealed details of the
dynamical evolution of the fragmented, bipolar dust shell around the
far-evolved carbon star IRC+10216 giving evidence for rapid changes of an
already PPN-like structure during the very end of the AGB evolution. On the
other hand, stellar evolution calculations considering convective overshoot
have shown how thermal pulses during the post-AGB stage lead to the formation
of hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars with abundance patterns consistent with
those observed for Wolf-Rayet central stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1577 </DOCNO>
Spatial homogeneity and doping dependence of quasiparticle tunneling


  Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) studies reveal long-range (~100 nm)
spatial homogeneity in optimally and underdoped superconducting
YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} (YBCO) single crystals and thin films, and macroscopic
spatial modulations in overdoped (Y_{0.7}Ca_{0.3})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}
(Ca-YBCO) epitaxial films. In contrast, STS on an optimally doped
YBa_2(Cu_{0.9934}Zn_{0.0026}Mg_{0.004})_3O_{6.9} single crystal exhibits strong
spatial modulations and suppression of superconductivity over a microscopic
scale near the Zn or Mg impurity sites, and the global pairing potential is
also reduced relative to that of optimally doped YBCO, suggesting strong
pair-breaking effects of the non-magnetic impurities. The spectral
characteristics are consistent with d_{x^2-y^2} pairing symmetry for the
optimally and underdoped YBCO, and with (d_{x^2-y^2}+s) for the overdoped
Ca-YBCO. The doping-dependent pairing symmetry suggests interesting changes in
the superconducting ground state, and is consistent with the presence of nodal
quasiparticles for all doping levels. The maximum energy gap \Delta_d is
non-monotonic with the doping level, while the (2\Delta_d/k_BT_c) ratio
increases with decreasing doping. The similarities and contrasts between the
spectra of YBCO and of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+x} (Bi-2212) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7498 </DOCNO>
Continuous quantum measurement of a Bose-Einstein condensate: a


  We analyze the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate undergoing a continuous
dispersive imaging by using a Lindblad operator formalism. Continuous strong
measurements drive the condensate out of the coherent state description assumed
within the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field approach. Continuous weak measurements
allow instead to replace, for timescales short enough, the exact problem with
its mean-field approximation through a stochastic analogue of the
Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The latter is used to show the unwinding of a dark
soliton undergoing a continuous imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1584 </DOCNO>
Pressure-induced anomalous magnetism and unconventional


  We report $^{115}$In nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) measurements of the
pressure($P$)-induced superconductor CeRhIn$_5$ in the antiferromagnetic (AF)
and superconducting (SC) states. In the AF region, the internal field $H_{int}$
at the In site is substantially reduced from $H_{int}=1.75$ kOe at P=0 to 0.39
kOe at $P=1.23$ GPa, while the N\'eel temperature slightly changes with
increasing $P$. This suggests that either the size in the ordered moment
$M_{Q}(P)$ or the angle $\theta (P)$ between the direction of $M_{Q}(P)$ and
the tetragonal $c$ axis is extrapolated to zero at $P^*=1.6 \pm 0.1$ GPa at
which a bulk SC transition is no longer emergent. In the SC state at $P=2.1$
GPa, the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $^{115}(1/T_1)$ has revealed a
$T^3$ dependence without the coherence peak just below $T_c$, giving evidence
for the unconventional superconductivity. The dimensionality of the magnetic
flutuations in the normal state are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98673 </DOCNO>
On interpretations and constructions of classical dynamical r-matrices


  In this note we complement recent results on the exchange $r$-matrices
appearing in the chiral WZNW model by providing a direct, purely
finite-dimensional description of the relationship between the monodromy
dependent 2-form that enters the chiral WZNW symplectic form and the exchange
$r$-matrix that governs the corresponding Poisson brackets. We also develop the
special case in which the exchange $r$-matrix becomes the `canonical' solution
of the classical dynamical Yang-Baxter equation on an arbitrary self-dual Lie
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3551 </DOCNO>
Hole Superconductivity in MgB_2, Cuprates, and Other Materials


  The theory of hole superconductivity proposes that MgB_2, and the high Tc
cuprates, and the 'conventional superconductors', and all other
superconductors, are driven by the same physical mechanism, which is not the
electron-phonon interaction. That mechanism, hole undressing, evidence
supporting it, and predictions for MgB_2, are briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85950 </DOCNO>
The fate of classical tensor inhomogeneities in pre-big-bang string


  In pre-big-bang string cosmology one uses a phase of dilaton-driven inflation
to stretch an initial (microscopic) spatial patch to the (much larger) size of
the big-bang fireball. We show that the dilaton-driven inflationary phase does
not naturally iron out the initial classical tensor inhomogeneities unless the
initial value of the string coupling is smaller than 10^(-35).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149463 </DOCNO>
Some uses of $\zeta-$regularization in quantum gravity and cosmology


  This is a short guide to some uses of the zeta-function regularization
procedure as a a basic mathematical tool for quantum field theory in curved
space-time (as is the case of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models), in quantum gravity
models (in different dimensions), and also in cosmology, where it appears e.g.
in the calculation of possible `contributions' to the cosmological constant
coming through manifestations of the vacuum energy density. Part of this
research was carried out in fruitful and enjoyable collaboration with people
from Tomsk State Pedagogical University.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97909 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Symmetries


  Essential properties of semiclassical approximation for quantum mechanics are
viewed as axioms of an abstract semiclassical mechanics. Its symmetry
properties are discussed. Semiclassical systems being invariant under Lie
groups are considered. An infinitesimal analog of group relation is written.
Sufficient conditions for reconstructing semiclassical group transformations
(integrability of representation of Lie algebra) are discussed. The obtained
results may be used for mathematical proof of Poincare invariance of
semiclasical Hamiltonian field theory and for investigation of quantum
anomalies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95585 </DOCNO>
On the sums Sum((4k+1)^(-n),k,-inf,+inf)


  The sum in the title is a rational multiple of pi^n for all integers
n=2,3,4,... for which the sum converges absolutely. This is equivalent to a
celebrated theorem of Euler. Of the many proofs that have appeared since Euler,
a simple one was discovered only recently by Calabi: the sum is written as a
definite integral over the unit n-cube, then transformed into the volume of a
polytope Pi_n in R^n whose vertices' coordinates are rational multiples of pi.
We review Calabi's proof, and give two further interpretations. First we define
a simple linear operator T on L^2(0,pi/2), and show that T is self-adjoint and
compact, and that Vol(Pi_n) is the trace of T^n. We find that the spectrum of T
is {1/(4k+1) : k in Z}, with each eigenvalue 1/(4k+1) occurring with
multiplicity 1; thus Vol(Pi_n) is the sum of the n-th powers of these
eigenvalues. We also interpret Vol(Pi_n) combinatorially in terms of the number
of alternating permutations of n+1 letters, and if n is even also in terms of
the number of cyclically alternating permutations of n letters. We thus relate
these numbers with S(n) without the intervention of Bernoulli and Euler numbers
or their generating functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75873 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in Hyperon Decays from SUSY with Hermitian Yukawa and A


  We show that a large CP asymmetry in hyperon decays can be naturally realized
in the framework of SUSY models. The possibility is implemented by the
hermiticities of Yukawa and A matrices. And also, the observed values of
$\epsilon$ and $\epsilon'$ are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127065 </DOCNO>
Influence of irradiation on the space-time structure of shock waves


  The long-range energy deposition by heavy-ion beams makes new types of shock
wave experiments possible in the laboratory. We have investigated a situation
that is of relevance to supernova dynamics in astrophysics, where a shock wave
is irradiated by a flux of neutrinos depositing energy throughout the shock
wave and surrounding matter, thus changing the behaviour of the running shock.
We have carried out fluid-dynamical simulations to study generic features of
stimulated shock waves. First we consider an idealized case assuming uniform
energy deposition into a planar shock wave propagating through an ideal gas.
Then we investigate more realistic situations realizable in laboratory
experiments with heavy-ion beams. We have found that energy deposition leads to
two important effects: acceleration of the shock front and decay of the shock
strength. The possibility of laboratory experiments is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98723 </DOCNO>
On the images of modular and geometric three-dimensional Galois


  We address the problem of the determination of the images of
three-dimensional geometric and modular Galois representations. In the modular
case the existence of these representations is only conjectural. We give
conditions to ensure that the images are as large as possible for almost every
prime. We compute some examples and stress the applications to inverse Galois
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75575 </DOCNO>
Squark Mixing Contributions to CP violating phase gamma


  We investigate the possibility that the CP violation due to the soft
supersymmetry breaking terms in squark mixing can give significant
contributions to the various $\gamma$ related parameters in B decays, different
from those of the Standard Model. We derive the new limits on
$(\delta^u_{12})_{LL,LR,RR}$ and on $(\delta^d_{23})_{LL,LR,RR}$ from the
recent data on $D^0$--$\bar{D}^0$ oscillation as well as those on
$B_s^0$--$\bar{B_s}^0$ oscillation. We show that, together with all the other
constraints, the currents limits on these parameters still allow large
contributions to the CP violating phases in $B_s^0$--$\bar{B_s}^0$ as well as
$D^0$--$\bar{D}^0$ oscillations which will modify some of the proposed
measurements of $\gamma$ parameters in CP violating B decays. However, the
current constraints already dictate that the one-loop squark mixing
contributions to various B decay amplitudes cannot be competitive with that of
the Standard Model (SM), at least for those B decay modes which are dominated
the tree level amplitudes within the SM, and therefore they are not significant
in contributing to CP asymmetries in the corresponding B decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81477 </DOCNO>
Effective Monopole Action at Finite Temperature in SU(2) Gluodynamics


  Effective monopole action at finite temperature in SU(2) gluodynamics is
studied on anisotropic lattices. Using an inverse Monte-Carlo method and the
blockspin transformation for space directions, we determine 4-dimensional
effective monopole action at finite temperature. We get an almost perfect
action in the continuum limit under the assumption that the action is composed
of two-point interactions alone. It depends on a physical scale $b_s$ and the
temperature $T$. The temperature-dependence appears with respect to the
spacelike monopole couplings in the deconfinement phase, whereas the timelike
monopole couplings do not show any appreciable temperature-dependence. The
dimensional reduction of the 4-dimensional SU(2) gluodynamics ((SU(2))$_{4D}$)
at high temperature is the 3-dimensional Georgi-Glashow model ($(GG)_{3D}$).
The latter is studied at the parameter region obtained from the dimensional red
uction. We compare the effective instanton action of $(GG)_{3D}$ with the
timelike monopole action obtained from (SU(2))$_{4D}$. We find that both agree
very well for $T \ge 2.4T_c$ at large $b$ region. The dimensional reduction
works well also for the effective action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127966 </DOCNO>
A search for starlight reflected from upsilon And's innermost planet


  In data from three clear nights of a WHT/UES run in 2000 Oct/Nov, and using
improved Doppler tomographic signal-analysis techniques, we have carried out a
deep search for starlight reflected from the innermost of upsilon And's three
planets. We place upper limits on the planet's radius R_p as functions of its
projected orbital velocity K_p ~ 139 sin i km/sec for various assumptions about
the wavelength-dependent geometric albedo spectrum p(\lambda) of its
atmosphere. For a grey albedo p we find R_p \sqrt{p} < 0.98 R_Jup with 0.1
percent false-alarm probability (4-sigma). For a Sudarsky et al (2000) Class V
model atmosphere, the mean albedo in our 380-676 nm bandpass is <p> ~ 0.42,
requiring R_p < 1.51 R_Jup, while an (isolated) Class IV model with <p> ~ 0.19
requires R_p < 2.23 R_Jup. The star's v sin{i} ~ 10 km/sec and estimated
rotation period P_{rot} ~ 10 d suggest a high orbital inclination i ~ 70-80
degrees. We also develop methods for assessing the false-alarm probabilities of
faint candidate detections, and for extracting information about the albedo
spectrum and other planetary parameters from faint reflected-light signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3913 </DOCNO>
Harms and benefits from social imitation


  We study the role of imitation within a model of economics with adaptive
agents. The basic ingredients are those of the Minority Game. We add the
possibility of local information exchange and imitation of the neighbour's
strategy. Imitators should pay a fee to the imitated. Connected groups are
formed, which act as if they were single players. Coherent spatial areas of
rich and poor agents result, leading to the decrease of local social tensions.
Size and stability of these areas depends on the parameters of the model.
Global performance measured by the attendance volatility is optimised at
certain value of the imitation probability. The social tensions are suppressed
for large imitation probability, but due to the price paid by the imitators the
requirements of high global effectivity and low social tensions are in
conflict, as well as the requirements of low global and low local wealth
differences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97733 </DOCNO>
Rational jet dependence of formal equivalences between real-analytic


  Let (M,p) and (M',p') be the germs of real-analytic 1-infinite type
hypersurfaces in \C^2. We prove that any formal equivalence sending (M,p) into
(M',p') is formally parametrized (and hence uniquely determined by) its jet at
p of a predetermined order depending only on (M,p). As an application, we use
this to examine the local formal transformation groups of such hypersurfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123808 </DOCNO>
Does the Sun Shrink with Increasing Magnetic Activity?


  We have analyzed the full set of SOHO/MDI f- and p-mode oscillation
frequencies from 1996 to date in a search for evidence of solar radius
evolution during the rising phase of the current activity cycle. Like Antia et
al. (2000), we find that a significant fraction of the f-mode frequency changes
scale with frequency; and that if these are interpreted in terms of a radius
change, it implies a shrinking sun. Our inferred rate of shrinkage is about 1.5
km/y, which is somewhat smaller than found by Antia et al. We argue that this
rate does not refer to the surface, but rather to a layer extending roughly
from 4 to 8 Mm beneath the visible surface. The rate of shrinking may be
accounted for by an increasing radial component of the rms random magnetic
field at a rate that depends on its radial distribution. If it were uniform,
the required field would be ~7 kG. However, if it were inwardly increasing,
then a 1 kG field at 8 Mm would suffice.
  To assess contribution to the solar radius change arising above 4Mm, we
analyzed the p-mode data. The evolution of the p-mode frequencies may be
explained by a magnetic^M field growing with activity. The implications of the
near-surface magnetic field changes depend on the anisotropy of the random
magnetic field. If the field change is predominantly radial, then we infer an
additional shrinking at a rate between 1.1-1.3 km/y at the photosphere. If on
the other hand the increase is isotropic, we find a competing expansion at a
rate of 2.3 km/y. In any case, variations in the sun's radius in the activity
cycle are at the level of 10^{-5} or less, hence have a negligible contribution
to the irradiance variations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96218 </DOCNO>
Broken Supersymmetric Shape Invariant Systems and Their Potential


  Although eigenspectra of one dimensional shape invariant potentials with
unbroken supersymmetry are easily obtained, this procedure is not applicable
when the parameters in these potentials correspond to broken supersymmetry,
since there is no zero energy eigenstate. We describe a novel two-step shape
invariance approach as well as a group theoretic potential algebra approach for
solving such broken supersymmetry problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150056 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative fermions and Morita equivalence


  We study the Morita equivalence for fermion theories on noncommutative
two-tori. For rational values of the $\theta$ parameter (in appropriate units)
we show the equivalence between an abelian noncommutative fermion theory and a
nonabelian theory of twisted fermions on ordinary space. We study the chiral
anomaly and compute the determinant of the Dirac operator in the dual theories
showing that the Morita equivalence also holds at this level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83662 </DOCNO>
Bounds on sample size for policy evaluation in Markov environments


  Reinforcement learning means finding the optimal course of action in
Markovian environments without knowledge of the environment's dynamics.
Stochastic optimization algorithms used in the field rely on estimates of the
value of a policy. Typically, the value of a policy is estimated from results
of simulating that very policy in the environment. This approach requires a
large amount of simulation as different points in the policy space are
considered. In this paper, we develop value estimators that utilize data
gathered when using one policy to estimate the value of using another policy,
resulting in much more data-efficient algorithms. We consider the question of
accumulating a sufficient experience and give PAC-style bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128305 </DOCNO>
Archeops: a large sky coverage millimeter experiment for mapping Cosmic


  We present Archeops, a balloon-borne bolometer experiment designed to map a
large part of the sky at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. The main
scientific goal is to study the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies on all
scales, in order to properly derive the cosmological parameters of the
Universe. We present the sky coverage map of the first scientific flight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75641 </DOCNO>
Highlights of Short Baseline Physics at a Neutrino Factory


  We review the physics potential for experiments with intense neutrino beams
at the front-end of a muon storage ring, stressing the way the spin and flavour
structure of neutrino interactions with matter can be used to shed light on the
structure of the strong and electroweak interactions. Specifically, we discuss
precision tests of the standard model, studies of polarized and unpolarized
structure functions of the nucleon, and several new and exotic physics items.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 688 </DOCNO>
Nose-Hoover dynamics for coherent states


  The popular method of Nose and Hoover to create canonically distributed
positions and momenta in classical molecular dynamics simulations is
generalized to a genuine quantum system of infinite dimensionality. We show
that for the quantum harmonic oscillator, the equations of motion in terms of
coherent states can easily be modified in an analogous manner to mimic the
coupling of the system to a thermal bath and create a quantum canonical
ensemble. Possible applications to more complex systems, especially interacting
Fermion systems, are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113808 </DOCNO>
Effect of Thermal Fluctuations in the Resonance Fluorescence of a


  The effect of thermal fluctuations in the resonance fluorescence of a
three-level system is studied. The damped three-level system is driven by two
strong incident classical fields near resonances frequencies. The simulation of
a thermal bath is obtained with a large system of harmonic oscillators that
represent the normal modes of the thermal radiation field. The time evolution
of the fluorescent light intensities are obtained solving by a iterative method
the Heisenberg equations of motion in the integral form. The results show that
the time development of the intensity of the fluorescence light is strongly
affected by the interaction of the system with the thermal bath.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123969 </DOCNO>
Inflationary perturbations from a potential with a step


  We use a numerical code to compute the density perturbations generated during
an inflationary epoch which includes a spontaneous symmetry breaking phase
transition. A sharp step in the inflaton potential generates $k$ dependent
oscillations in the spectrum of primordial density perturbations. The amplitude
and extent in wavenumber of these oscillations depends on both the magnitude
and gradient of the step in the inflaton potential. We show that observations
of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy place strong constraints on the
step parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5585 </DOCNO>
Effect of Director Distortions on Polymer-Liquid Crystal Phase


  We study photopolymerization in a low-molecular weight liquid crystal with
non-uniform director gradients. Phase separation results in spatially
non-uniform distribution of polymer density controlled by the distorted nematic
matrix. Director-gradient-controlled polymerization provides a new and useful
technique to assemble micron-scale polymer architectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125196 </DOCNO>
HST optical spectral index map of the jet of 3C 273


  We present HST images at 622 nm and 300 nm of the jet in 3C273 and determine
the run of the optical spectral index at 0.2" along the jet. The smoothness of
spectral index changes shows that the physical conditions are varying smoothly
across the jet. There is no correlation between the optical flux and spectral
index, as would be expected for relativistic electrons suffering strong cooling
due to synchrotron emission. We find no evidence for localized acceleration or
loss sites. This suggests that the spectral shape is not changing much
throughout the jet. We show that relativistic beaming and/or sub-equipartition
magnetic fields cannot remove the discrepancy between light-travel time along
the jet and the lifetime of electrons emitting optical synchrotron radiation.
We consider this further evidence in favour of a distributed electron
acceleration process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83815 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Global Constraints: A First View


  Global constraints proved themselves to be an efficient tool for modelling
and solving large-scale real-life combinatorial problems. They encapsulate a
set of binary constraints and using global reasoning about this set they filter
the domains of involved variables better than arc consistency among the set of
binary constraints. Moreover, global constraints exploit semantic information
to achieve more efficient filtering than generalised consistency algorithms for
n-ary constraints. Continued expansion of constraint programming (CP) to
various application areas brings new challenges for design of global
constraints. In particular, application of CP to advanced planning and
scheduling (APS) requires dynamic additions of new variables and constraints
during the process of constraint satisfaction and, thus, it would be helpful if
the global constraints could adopt new variables. In the paper, we give a
motivation for such dynamic global constraints and we describe a dynamic
version of the well-known alldifferent constraint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5354 </DOCNO>
Hopping models and ac universality


  Some general relations for hopping models are established. We proceed to
discuss the universality of the ac conductivity which arises in the extreme
disorder limit of the random barrier model. It is shown that the relevant
dimension entering into the diffusion cluster approximation (DCA) is the
harmonic (fracton) dimension of the diffusion cluster. The temperature scaling
of the dimensionless frequency entering into the DCA is discussed. Finally,
some open questions about ac universality are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124593 </DOCNO>
Antiprotons from spallations of cosmic rays on interstellar matter


  Cosmic ray antiprotons provide an important probe for the study of the
galactic Dark Matter, as they could be produced by exotic sources. On the other
hand, antiprotons are anyway produced by standard nuclear reactions of cosmic
ray nuclei on interstellar matter. This process is responsible for a background
flux that must be carefully determined to estimate the detectability of an
hypothetical exotic signal. Estimates of this background suffer from potential
uncertainties of various origins. The propagation of cosmic antiprotons depends
on several physical characteristics of the Galaxy which are poorly known.
Antiprotons are created from cosmic protons and helium nuclei whose fluxes were
not measured with great accuracy until very recently. Calculations of
antiproton fluxes make use of nuclear physics models with their own
shortcomings and uncertainties. The goal of this paper is to give a new
evaluation of the cosmic antiproton flux along with the associated
uncertainties. The propagation parameters were tightly constrained in Maurin et
al. 2001 by an analysis of cosmic ray nuclei data in the framework of a
two-zone diffusion model and we apply these parameters to the propagation of
antiprotons. We use the recently published data on proton and helion fluxes,
and we find that this particular source of uncertainty has become negligible.
The Monte Carlo program DTUNUC was used to carefully examine nuclear reactions.
We find that all the cosmic antiproton fluxes naturally coming out of the
calculation are fully compatible with experimental data. Uncertainties in this
flux have been strongly reduced. Those related to propagation are less than
25%. All other possible sources of uncertainty have also been studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168392 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Autocompensating Quantum Cryptography System


  We have improved the hardware and software of our autocompensating system for
quantum key distribution by replacing bulk optical components at the end
stations with fiber-optic equivalents and implementing software that
synchronizes end-station activities, communicates basis choices, corrects
errors and performs privacy amplification over a local area network. The all
fiber-optic arrangement provides stable, efficient and high-contrast routing of
the photons. The low bit error rate leads to high error correction efficiency
and minimizes data sacrifice during privacy amplification. Characterization
measurements made on a number of commercial avalanche photodiodes are presented
that highlight the need for improved devices tailored specifically for quantum
information applications. A scheme for frequency shifting the photons returning
from Alice's station to allow them to be distinguished from backscattered noise
photons is also described.
  OCIS codes: 030.5260, 060.0060, 060.2360, 230.2240, 270.5570.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72849 </DOCNO>
One-loop integrals with XLOOPS-GiNaC


  We present a new algorithm for the reduction of one-loop tensor Feynman
integrals within the framework of the XLOOPS project, covering both
mathematical and programming aspects. The new algorithm supplies a clean way to
reduce the one-loop one-, two- and three-point Feynman integrals with arbitrary
tensor rank and powers of the propagators to a basis of simple integrals. We
also present a new method of coding XLOOPS in C++ using the GiNaC library.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169114 </DOCNO>
Measuring Energy, Estimating Hamiltonians, and the Time-Energy


  Suppose that the Hamiltonian acting on a quantum system is unknown and one
wants to determine what is the Hamiltonian. We show that in general this
requires a time $\Delta t$ which obeys the uncertainty relation $\Delta t
\Delta H \gtrsim 1$ where $\Delta H$ is a measure of how accurately the unknown
Hamiltonian must be estimated. We then apply this result to the problem of
measuring the energy of an unknown quantum state. It has been previously shown
that if the Hamiltonian is known, then the energy can in principle be measured
in an arbitrarily short time. On the other hand we show that if the Hamiltonian
is not known then an energy measurement necessarily takes a minimum time
$\Delta t$ which obeys the uncertainty relation $\Delta t \Delta E \gtrsim 1$
where $\Delta E$ is the precision of the energy measurement. Several examples
are studied to address the question of whether it is possible to saturate these
uncertainty relations. Their interpretation is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125226 </DOCNO>
Black Holes and Galaxy Metamorphosis


  Supermassive black holes can be seen as an agent of galaxy transformation. In
particular, a supermassive black hole can cause a triaxial galaxy to evolve
toward axisymmetry by inducing chaos in centrophilic orbit families. This is
one way in which a single supermassive black hole can induce large-scale
changes in the structure of its host galaxy -- changes on scales far larger
than the Schwarzschild radius ($O(10^{-5}) \rm{pc}$) and the radius of
influence of the black hole ($O(1)-O(100) \rm{pc}$). We will discuss the
transformative power of supermassive black holes in light of recent high
resolution N-body realizations of cuspy triaxial galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3386 </DOCNO>
A Real Space Renormalization Group Approach to Field Evolution Equations


  A new operator formalism for the reduction of degrees of freedom in the
evolution of discrete partial differential equations (PDE) via real space
Renormalization Group is introduced, in which cell-overlapping is the key
concept. Applications to 1+1-dimensional PDEs are presented for linear and
quadratic equations which are first order in time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7200 </DOCNO>
Eigenstates of Operating Quantum Computer: Hypersensitivity to Static


  We study the properties of eigenstates of an operating quantum computer which
simulates the dynamical evolution in the regime of quantum chaos. Even if the
quantum algorithm is polynomial in number of qubits $n_q$, it is shown that the
ideal eigenstates become mixed and strongly modified by static imperfections
above a certain threshold which drops exponentially with $n_q$. Above this
threshold the quantum eigenstate entropy grows linearly with $n_q$ but the
computation remains reliable during a time scale which is polynomial in the
imperfection strength and in $n_q$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74442 </DOCNO>
Dark Energy from teh Trans-Planckian regime


  As yet, there is no underlying fundamental theory for the transplanckian
regime. There is a need to address the issue of how the observables in our
present Universe are affected by processes that may have occurred at
superplanckian energies (referred to as the transplanckian regime.
Specifically, we focus on the impact the transplanckian regime has on the dark
energy. We model the transplanckian regime by introducing a 1-parameter family
of smooth non-linear dispersion relations which modify the frequencies at very
short distances. A particular feature of the family of dispersion functions
chosen is the production of ultralow frequencies at very high momenta $k$ (for
$k>M_P$). We show that the range of modes with frequencies equal or less than
the current Hubble rate $H_0$ which are still frozen today provides a strong
candidate for the dark energy of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73861 </DOCNO>
Small Numbers from Tunneling Between Brane Throats


  Generic classes of string compactifications include ``brane throats''
emanating from the compact dimensions and separated by effective potential
barriers raised by the background gravitational fields. The interaction of
observers inside different throats occurs via tunnelling and is consequently
weak. This provides a new mechanism for generating small numbers in Nature. We
apply it to the hierarchy problem, where supersymmetry breaking near the
unification scale causes TeV sparticle masses inside the standard model throat.
We also design naturally long-lived cold dark matter which decays within a
Hubble time to the approximate conformal matter of a long throat. This may
soften structure formation at galactic scales and raises the possibility that
much of the dark matter of the universe is conformal matter. Finally, the
tunnelling rate shows that the coupling between throats, mediated by bulk
modes, is stronger than a naive application of holography suggests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97856 </DOCNO>
Geometry of three manifolds and existence of Black Hole due to boundary


  In this paper, we observe that the brane functional studied in hep-th/9910245
can be used to generalize some of the works that Schoen and I [4] did many
years ago. The key idea is that if a three dimensional manifold M has a
boundary with strongly positive mean curvature, the effect of this mean
curvature can influence the internal geometry of M. For example, if the scalar
curvature of M is greater than certain constant related to this boundary
effect, no incompressible surface of higher genus can exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40804 </DOCNO>
Electroweak and B Physics Results from the Fermilab Tevatron Collider


  This writeup is an introduction to some of the experimental issues involved
in performing electroweak and B physics measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron.
In the electroweak sector, we discuss W and Z boson cross section measurements
as well as the measurement of the mass of the W boson. For B physics, we
discuss measurements of B^0/\bar{B^0} mixing and CP violation. This paper is
geared towards nonexperts who are interested in understanding some of the
issues and motivations for these measurements and how the measurements are
carried out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7390 </DOCNO>
Mode I fracture in a nonlinear lattice with viscoelastic forces


  We study Mode I fracture in a viscoelastic lattice model with a nonlinear
force law, with a focus on the velocity and linear stability of the
steady-state propagating solution. This study is a continuation both of the
study of the piece-wise linear model in Mode I, and the study of more general
nonlinear force laws in Mode III fracture. At small driving, there is a strong
dependency of the velocity curve on the dissipation and a strong sensitivity to
the smoothness of the force law at large dissipation. At large driving we
calculate, via a linear stability analysis, the critical velocity for the onset
of instability as a function of the smoothness, the dissipation and the ratio
of lattice spacing to critical extension. This critical velocity is seen to be
very sensitive to these parameters. We confirm our calculations via direct
numerical simulations of the initial value problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41360 </DOCNO>
Measurements of B^0 decays to pi^+pi^-pi^0


  We present preliminary results of searches for exclusive $B^0$ decays to
$\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ among 22.7 million $b\overline{b}$ pairs collected by the
BABAR experiment from electron-positron collisions near the $\Upsilon(4S)$
resonance. We measure $\cal{B}(\rho^\mp \pi^\pm) = (28.9\pm 5.4\pm 4.3)\times
10^{-6}$, and find no evidence for the presence of any other decay mode in the
$\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ Dalitz plot. Upper limits are determined for the branching
fractions of $B^0\to\rho^0\pi^0$, non-resonant $B^0$ decays to
$\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ and of several discrete regions of $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$
phase-space. We also measure the direct CP-violating asymmetry between the
rates of untagged $\rho^+\pi^-$ and $\rho^-\pi^+$, finding no significant
evidence for an effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76349 </DOCNO>
Holography of asymmetrically warped space-times


  We study the holographic dual of asymmetrically warped space-times, which are
asymptotically AdS. The self-tuning of the cosmological constant is
reinterpreted as a cancellation of the visible sector stress-energy tensor by
the contribution of a hidden CFT, charged under a spontaneously broken global
symmetry. The apparent violation of 4D causality due to bulk geodesics is
justified by considering that the CFT feels the background metric as smeared
out over a length of the order of the AdS radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149241 </DOCNO>
Colliding String Waves and Duality


  The collision of plane waves corresponding to massless states of closed
string is considered in $D$-dimensional space-time. The reduced tree level
effective action is known to be manifestly $O(d,d)$ invariant, $d$ being the
number of transverse spatial dimensions in the collision process. We adopt a
coset space reformulation of the effective two dimensional theory and discuss
the relation of this process with classical integrable systems in two
dimensions in the presence of gravity. We show how it is possible to generate
new backgrounds for the scattering process, from known background solutions to
the equations of motion, in the coset reformulation. We present explicit
calculations for the case of four space-time dimensions as an illustrative
example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98946 </DOCNO>
Hopf algebra structure of Gr$_q(1| 1)$ related to GL$_q(1| 1)$


  We show that the algebra of functions on the Grassmann supergroup Gr$_q(1|
1)$ has a (graded) Hopf algebra structure related to GL$_q(1| 1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167953 </DOCNO>
A Concentration/Purification Scheme for Two Partially Entangled Photon


  An experimental scheme for concentrating entanglement in partially entangled
photon pairs is proposed. In this scheme, two separated parties obtain one
maximally entangled photon pair from previously shared two partially entangled
photon pairs by local operations and classical communication. A practical
realization of the proposed scheme is discussed, which uses imperfect photon
detectors and spontaneous parametric down-conversion as a photon source. This
scheme also works for purifying a class of mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95725 </DOCNO>
Polar Homology and Holomorphic Bundles


  We describe polar homology groups for complex manifolds. The polar k-chains
are subvarieties of complex dimension k with meromorphic forms on them, while
the boundary operator is defined by taking the polar divisor and the Poincare
residue on it. The polar homology groups may be regarded as holomorphic
analogues of the homology groups in topology. We also describe the polar
homology groups for quasi-projective one-dimensional varieties (affine curves).
These groups obey the Mayer--Vietoris property. A complex counterpart of the
Gauss linking number of two curves in a three-fold and various gauge-theoretic
aspects of the above correspondence are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113868 </DOCNO>
Scattering of positronium from singly ionized helium and appearing


  The coupled-channel model [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 59}, 363 (1999)] that yields
converged low-energy phase shifts, and exact binding and resonance features in
Ps-H [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 59}, 2058 (1999)] is applied to study Ps-He$^+$
scattering. Similar to PsH, resonances appear in the S-, P-, D-, etc partial
waves in the Ps-He$^+$ system but in both the singlet and triplet scattering
channels. The latter signifies possible Rydberg states of $e^+$ around singlet
and triplet helium. The S-wave singlet resonance at 2.79 eV agrees to that
predicted earlier in $e^+$-He entrance channel (energy difference 16.64 eV) at
19.27 eV [Chem. Phys. Lett. {\bf 262}, 460 (1996)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75411 </DOCNO>
Lightfront Formalism versus Holography&Chiral Scanning


  The limitations of the approach based on using fields restricted to the
lightfront (Lightfront Quantization or p$\to \infty $ Frame Approach) which
drive quantum fields towards canonical and ultimately free fields are well
known. Here we propose a new concept which does not suffer from this
limitation. It is based on a procedure which cannot be directly formulated in
terms of pointlike fields but requires ``holographic'' manipulations of the
algebras generated by those fields. We illustrate the new concepts in the
setting of factorizable d=1+1 models and show that the known fact of absence of
ultraviolet problems in those models (in the presence of higher than canonical
dimensions) also passes to their holographic images. In higher spacetime
dimensions d\TEXTsymbol{>}1+1 the holographic image lacks the transversal
localizability; however this can be remedied by doing holography on d-2
additional lightfronts which share one lightray (Scanning by d-1 chiral
conformal theories).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83582 </DOCNO>
Computer based Information Systems and Managers' Work


  This paper identifies three categories of model: the Technology Impact Model;
the Social Impact Model and the Integrationist Model, which imply different
views of the "impact" of Information Technology on work organisation. These
models are used to structure data from case studies conducted by the authors to
explore the implications of the use of computer-based information systems for
managers' work. The paper argues that the "impact" of information systems is
not a single stable and predictable outcome but a non-linear ongoing process
that changes and evolves over time. It also argues that the actions of
individuals and groups within an organisation are not wholly determined by
outside forces: people can and do react to, and shape, systems in different
ways. In this sense, the "impact" of computer-based information systems on
managers' work reflects decisions made by managers themselves about how the
technology is used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98003 </DOCNO>
On moves between branched coverings of S^3: The case of four sheets


  A combinatorial presentation of closed orientable 3-manifolds as
bi-tricolored links is given together with two versions of a calculus via moves
to manipulate bi-tricolored links without changing the represented manifold.
That is, we provide a finite set of moves sufficient to relate any two
manifestations of the same 3-manifold as a simple 4-sheeted branched covering
of S^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7601 </DOCNO>
Giant vortices in the Ginzburg-Landau description of superconductivity


  Recent experiments on mesoscopic samples and theoretical considerations lead
us to analyze multiply charged ($n>1$) vortex solutions of the Ginzburg-Landau
equations for arbitrary values of the Landau-Ginzburg parameter $\kappa$. For
$n\gg 1$, they have a simple structure and a free energy ${\cal F}\sim n$.
  In order to relate this behaviour to the classic Abrikosov result ${\cal
F}\sim n^2$ when $\kappa\to +\infty$, we consider the limit where both $n\gg 1$
and $\kappa\gg1$, and obtain a scaling function of the variable $\kappa/n$ that
describes the cross-over between these two behaviours of ${\cal F}$. It is then
shown that a small-n expansion can also be performed and the first two terms of
this expansion are calculated. Finally, large and small n expansions are given
for recently computed phenomenological exponents characterizing the free energy
growth with $\kappa$ of a giant vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83591 </DOCNO>
The Limits of Horn Logic Programs


  Given a sequence $\{\Pi_n\}$ of Horn logic programs, the limit $\Pi$ of
$\{\Pi_n\}$ is the set of the clauses such that every clause in $\Pi$ belongs
to almost every $\Pi_n$ and every clause in infinitely many $\Pi_n$'s belongs
to $\Pi$ also. The limit program $\Pi$ is still Horn but may be infinite. In
this paper, we consider if the least Herbrand model of the limit of a given
Horn logic program sequence $\{\Pi_n\}$ equals the limit of the least Herbrand
models of each logic program $\Pi_n$. It is proved that this property is not
true in general but holds if Horn logic programs satisfy an assumption which
can be syntactically checked and be satisfied by a class of Horn logic
programs. Thus, under this assumption we can approach the least Herbrand model
of the limit $\Pi$ by the sequence of the least Herbrand models of each finite
program $\Pi_n$. We also prove that if a finite Horn logic program satisfies
this assumption, then the least Herbrand model of this program is recursive.
Finally, by use of the concept of stability from dynamical systems, we prove
that this assumption is exactly a sufficient condition to guarantee the
stability of fixed points for Horn logic programs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3480 </DOCNO>
Statistics of quantum transport in metal nanowires with surface disorder


  Experimental conductance histograms built from several thousand successive
breakings of sodium nanowires exhibit peaks up to rather high conductance
values (100 x 2e^2/h). In this paper, we present results from a disordered
free-electron model of a metallic nanowire, which was previously successful in
describing both conductance histograms and shot noise measurements in gold
nanocontacts with much lower conductances. We find in particular that, with a
modification of the model of disorder, the conductance histogram can be
understood as an interplay of conductance quantization and disorder for low
conductances (G < 10 x 2e^2/h), while peaks corresponding to higher conductance
are actually a combination of several ``quantized conductance peaks''. We also
predict a saturation of the shot noise at high conductance to about 1/10 of its
classical value 2eI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124846 </DOCNO>
On spherically-symmetric accretion by a collisionless polytrope


  An isolated, spherically-symmetric, self-gravitating, collisionless system is
always a polytrope when it reaches equilibrium (Nakamura 2000). This strongly
suggests as a corollary, however, that the same polytrope dominates its
precursor states, since the dynamical equations for its constituents can be
time-reversed. Moreover this assumption, which precludes a polytrope from ever
accreting 100% of the mass from an infalling shell, as a subsequent state will
eventually be a polytrope, is confirmed now by our finding that a collisionless
polytrope cannot accrete 100% of an infalling shell while simultaneously
guaranteeing that the entropy of the Universe as a whole increases. These
strictures are only evaded by the shedding of some mass. A polytrope must lose
mass to gain mass.
  We deduce from the time-reversible property of a collisionless polytrope that
the scalar sum, P, over constituent momenta in its rest frame is an independent
state variable that is conserved with respect to its surface radius through
interactions between a polytrope and an infalling shell. This new constraint,
together with conservation of energy, enables us (i) to show that an isolated
polytrope is indeed stable against spherically-symmetric mass-loss, which is
the essential content of our initial assumption; (ii) to calculate both the
velocity and the fraction of infall-mass returned to infinity, provided the
"accretion law" between the change in mass and surface radius is specified.
Numerical results confirm a frequent empirical finding (Livio 2000) that the
velocity of a mass outflow is of the same order of magnitude as the escape
velocity from the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76837 </DOCNO>
One-loop corrections of order (Z alpha)^6m_1/m_2, (Z alpha)^7 to the


  The corrections of order (Z alpha)^6m_1/m_2 and (Z alpha)^7 from one-loop
two-photon exchange diagrams to the energy spectra of the hydrogenic atoms are
calculated with the help of the Taylor expansion of corresponding integrands.
The method of averaging the quasipotential over the wave functions in the
d-dimensional coordinate space is formulated. The numerical values of the
obtained contributions to the fine structure of muonium, hydrogen and
positronium are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123869 </DOCNO>
X-ray Emitting QSOs Ejected from Arp 220


  Four compact ROSAT X-ray sources very close to the nearby ultraluminous
infrared galaxy Arp 220 (IC 4553) have been identified as medium-redshift QSOs.
The closest pair lying symmetrically across the galaxy have almost identical
redshifts z = 1.25, 1.26. All of the evidence suggests that these QSOs have
been ejected from Arp 220 and have large intrinsic redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86056 </DOCNO>
Formation and Evaporation of Charged Black Holes


  We investigate the dynamical formation and evaporation of a spherically
symmetric charged black hole. We study the self-consistent one loop order
semiclassical back-reaction problem. To this end the mass-evaporation is
modeled by an expectation value of the stress-energy tensor of a neutral
massless scalar field, while the charge is not radiated away. We observe the
formation of an initially non extremal black hole which tends toward the
extremal black hole $M=Q$, emitting Hawking radiation. If also the discharge
due to the instability of vacuum to pair creation in strong electric fields
occurs, then the black hole discharges and evaporates simultaneously and decays
regularly until the scale where the semiclassical approximation breaks down. We
calculate the rates of the mass and the charge loss and estimate the life-time
of the decaying black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96535 </DOCNO>
On periodic Takahashi manifolds


  In this paper we show that periodic Takahashi 3-manifolds are cyclic
coverings of the connected sum of two lens spaces (possibly cyclic coverings of
the 3-sphere), branched over knots. When the base space is a 3-sphere, we prove
that the associated branching set is a two-bridge knot of genus one, and we
determine its type. Moreover, a geometric cyclic presentation for the
fundamental groups of these manifolds is obtained in several interesting cases,
including the ones corresponding to the branched cyclic coverings of the
3-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97978 </DOCNO>
The ideal structure of the C*-algebras of infinite graphs


  We classify the gauge-invariant ideals in the C*-algebras of infinite
directed graphs, and describe the quotients as graph algebras. We then use
these results to identify the gauge-invariant primitive ideals in terms of the
structural properties of the graph, and describe the K-theory of the
C*-algebras of arbitrary infinite graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3804 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Response of Adhesion Complexes: Beyond the Single-Path Picture


  We analyze the response of molecular adhesion complexes to increasing pulling
forces (dynamic force spectroscopy) when dissociation can occur along either
one of two alternative trajectories in the underlying multidimensional energy
landscape. A great diversity of behaviors (e.g. non-monotonicity) is found for
the unbinding force and time as a function of the rate at which the pulling
force is increased. We highlight an intrinsic difficulty in unambiguously
determining the features of the energy landscape from single-molecule pulling
experiments. We also suggest a class of ``harpoon'' stickers that bind easily
but resist strong pulling efficiently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73724 </DOCNO>
Effective field theory and the quark model, II. Structure of loop


  We analyze the structure of meson loop corrections to the O($m_s$)
expressions for the baryon masses and magnetic moments in heavy-baryon chiral
perturbation theory (HBChPT), and show in detail how the bulk of the
corrections are absorbed into redefinitions of the unknown parameters of the
O($m_s$) chiral expansion. To effect this analysis, we use the
three-flavor-index representation of the effective baryon fields and HBChPT
developed in a preceding paper, and a decomposition of the corrections in terms
of effective one-, two-, and three-quark operators. The results show why the
loop corrections have so little effect on fits to the masses and moments, and
do not seriously disrupt the Gell-Mann--Okubo relations for the masses and the
Okubo relation for the moments even though individual loops can be quite large.
We also examine the momentum structure of the residual loop corrections, and
comment on limits on their validity in HBChPT. The structural analysis can be
generalized straightforwardly to other problems in HBChPT using the
three-flavor-index representation of the effective baryon fields, and provides
a fairly simple way to determine what parts of the loop corrections are
actually significant in a given setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4515 </DOCNO>
Unfolding Rates for the Diffusion-Collision Model


  In the diffusion-collision model, the unfolding rates are given by the
likelihood of secondary structural cluster dissociation. In this work, we
introduce an unfolding rate calculation for proteins whose secondary structural
elements are $\alpha$-helices, modeled from thermal escape over a barrier which
arises from the free energy in buried hydrophobic residues. Our results are in
good agreement with currently accepted values for the attempt rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1108 </DOCNO>
Fully dense MgB_2 superconductor textured by hot deformation


  Bulk textured MgB_2 material of nearly full density showing a weak c-axis
alignment of the hexagonal MgB_2 grains parallel to the pressure direction was
obtained by hot deformation of a stoichiometric MgB_2 pellet prepared by a
gas-solid reaction. The texture of the material was verified by comparing the
x-ray diffraction patterns of the hot deformed material with isotropic MgB_2
powder. A small, but distinct anisotropy of the upper critical field up to
Hc2^{a,b}/Hc2^{c}~1.2 depending on degree of texture was found by resistance
and susceptibility measurements. No anisotropy of the critical current density
determined from magnetization measurements was found for the textured material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81250 </DOCNO>
Topics of monopole dynamics in gluodynamics


  Three topics of monopole dynamics in gluodynamics are presented. 1)Gauge
(in)dependence of the monopole effective action (S.Ito, T.W.Park, T.Suzuki):
Four different abelian projections are studied. MA and Laplacian abelian gauges
show almost the same renormalization flow and renormalized trajectory. 2)The
quantized dual abelian Higgs model (DAH) derived from SU(2) gluodynamics and
its vacuum structure (Y.Koma, E.-M.Ilgenfritz, T.Suzuki,M.I.Polikarpov):
Monte-Carlo analysis of DAH is done. The quantum average of the dual field
strength shows a flux tube profile similar to the color-electric field profile
measured in SU(2) gluodynamics. 3)Lattice instanton action from 3D SU(2)
Georgi-Glashow model (GG)$_3$ (T.Yazawa, T.Suzuki): (GG)$_3$ is studied on the
lattice in the London limit. We determine an effective instanton action both in
unitary and MA gauges. For some range of parameters, we obtain almost perfect
actions which look the same in both gauges (gauge independence) and which
reproduce well the string tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125093 </DOCNO>
WeCAPP - The Wendelstein Calar Alto Pixellensing Project I. Tracing Dark


  We present WeCAPP, a long term monitoring project searching for microlensing
events towards M31. Since 1997 the bulge of M31 was monitored in two different
wavebands with the Wendelstein 0.8 m telescope. In 1999 we extended our
observations to the Calar Alto 1.23 m telescope. Observing simultaneously at
these two sites we obtained a time coverage of 53 % during the observability of
M31. To check thousands of frames for variability of unresolved sources, we
used the optimal image subtraction method (OIS) by Alard & Lupton (1998). This
enabled us to minimize the residuals in the difference image analysis (DIA) and
to detect variable sources with amplitudes at the photon noise level. Thus we
can detect microlensing events with corresponding amplifications A > 10 of red
clump giants with M_I=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6102 </DOCNO>
One dimensional strongly interacting Luttinger liquid of lattice


  The spinless fermion model with hard core repulsive potential extended on a
few lattice sites is considered.The Luttinger liquid behaviour is studied for
the different values of a hard core radius. A critical exponent of the one
particle correlation function for arbitrary electron density and coupling
constant are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127214 </DOCNO>
Broad-band photometric evolution of star clusters


  I briefly introduce a database of models that describe the evolution of star
clusters in several broad-band photometric systems. Models are based on the
latest Padova stellar evolutionary tracks - now including the alpha-enhanced
case and improved AGB models - and a revised library of synthetic spectra from
model atmospheres. As of today, we have revised isochrones in
Johnson-Cousins-Glass, HST/WFPC2, HST/NICMOS, Thuan-Gunn, and Washington
systems. Several other filter sets are included in a preliminary way, like
those used by the EIS and SDSS projects. The database contains also integrated
magnitudes of single-burst stellar populations and Monte-Carlo simulations that
show the stochastic dispersion of the colours as a function of cluster mass,
age, and metallicity. The models are useful for several kinds of studies,
including estimates of masses and ages of extragalactic star clusters observed
by means of broad-band photometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125993 </DOCNO>
Comparative Studies of Line and Continuum Positron Annihilation


  Positron annihilation radiation from the Galaxy has been observed by the
OSSE, SMM and TGRS instruments. Improved spectral modeling of OSSE observations
has allowed studies of the distribution of both positron annihilation radiation
components, the narrow line emission at 511 keV and the positronium continuum
emission. The results derived for each individual annihilation component are
then compared with each other. These comparisons reveal approximate agreement
between the distribution of these two emissions. In certain regions of the sky
(notably in the vicinity of the previously reported positive latitude
enhancement), the distribution of the emissions differ. We discuss these
differences and the methods currently being employed to understand whether the
differences are physical or a systematic error in the present analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127257 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength observations revealing the outbursts of the soft X-ray


  We report multiwavelength observations of the two soft X-ray transients
(SXTs) XTE J1859+226 and XTE J1118+480, which we observed with HST, RXTE and
UKIRT. The two sources exhibited very different behaviour. XTE J1859+226 showed
a thermal-viscous disc instability outburst modified by irradiation. XTE
J1118+480, which we also observed with EUVE since it is located at a very high
galactic latitude and suffers from very low extinction, is much more unusual.
It exhibits i) a low X-ray to optical flux ratio and ii) a strong non-thermal
contribution throughout the spectrum, which is likely to be due to synchrotron
emission. We concentrate here on their evolution in the course of their
outbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97527 </DOCNO>
Narrow operators and the Daugavet property for ultraproducts


  We show that if $T$ is a narrow operator on $X=X_{1}\oplus_{1} X_{2}$ or
$X=X_{1}\oplus_{\infty} X_{2}$, then the restrictions to $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$
are narrow and conversely. We also characterise by a version of the Daugavet
property for positive operators on Banach lattices which unconditional sums of
Banach spaces inherit the Daugavet property, and we study the Daugavet property
for ultraproducts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97618 </DOCNO>
Notes to the early history of the Knot Theory in Japan


  We give a description of the growth of research on Knot Theory in Japan. We
place our report in a general historical context. In particular, we compare the
development of research on mathematical topology in Japan with that in Poland
and USA, observing several similarities. Toward the end of XIX century and at
the beginning of XX century several young mathematicians, educated in Germany,
France or England were returning to their native countries and building, almost
from scratch, schools of modern mathematics. After a general description of the
growth of topology in Japan between the World Wars, we describe the beginning
of Knot Theory in Japan. Gaisi Takeuti, later a famous logician, conducted the
first Knot Theory seminar in Japan in 1952 or 1953. Kunio Murasugi (later a
prominent knot theoretist) was the only student who attended it. In Osaka, a
Knot Theory seminar started in 1955, initiated by Hidetaka Terasaka and his
students Shin'ichi Kinoshita and Takeshi Yajima. We complete the paper by
listing 70 Japanese topologists born before 1946, and by sketching the
biography of Fox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4907 </DOCNO>
Metastable configurations of spin models on random graphs


  One-flip stable configurations of an Ising-model on a random graph with
fluctuating connectivity are examined. In order to perform the quenched average
of the number of stable configurations we introduce a global order-parameter
function with two arguments. The analytical results are compared with numerical
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4463 </DOCNO>
Luttinger liquid superlattices


  We calculate the correlation functions and the DC conductivity of Luttinger
liquid superlattices, modeled by a repeated pattern of interacting and free
Luttinger liquids. In a specific realization, where the interacting subsystem
is a Hubbard chain, the system exhibits a rich phase diagram with four
different phases: two metals and two compressible insulators. In general, we
find that the effective low energy description amalgamates features of both
types of liquids in proportion to their spatial extent, suggesting the
interesting possibility of `engineered' Luttinger liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2493 </DOCNO>
The kinetic and interaction energies of a trapped Bose gas: Beyond the


  The kinetic and interaction energies of a three-dimensional dilute
ground-state Bose gas confined in a trap are calculated beyond a mean-field
treatment. They are found to depend on the pairwise interaction trough two
characteristic lengths: the first, a, is the well-known scattering length and
the second, b, is related to the latter by b=a-\lambda d a/d\lambda with
\lambda being the coupling constant. Numerical estimations show that the
pairwise interaction energy of a dilute gas of alkali atoms in a trap is
negative (in spite of the positive scattering length); its absolute value is
found by about the order of magnitude larger than that of the mean-field
interaction energy that corresponds to the last term in the Gross-Pitaevskii
functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126751 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of MRK 273: Unveiling the Central AGN and the


  We report X-ray observations of the field containing the ultraluminous IRAS
galaxy Mrk~273 Using the ACIS-S3 instrument on board Chandra. The high
resolution X-ray image, for the first time, reveals a compact hard X-ray
nucleus in Mrk~273. Its X-ray energy distribution is well described by a
heavily obscured power-law spectrum plus a narrow $\Feka$ emission line at 6.4
keV. The neutral hydrogen column density is about $4\times10^{23}\cm^{-2}$,
implying an absorption -corrected X-ray luminosity (0.1--10 keV) for the
nucleus of $\Lx\approx 6.5\times 10^{43} \ergs$. There are also bright soft
X-ray clumps and diffuse soft X-ray emissions surrounding the central hard
X-ray nucleus within the $10\arcsec$ of the nuclear region. Its spectrum can be
fitted by a MEKAL thermal model with temperature of about 0.8 keV and high
metallicity ($Z\sim 1.5Z_\odot$) plus emission lines from $\alpha$ elements and
ions. Further outside the central region, the Chandra observations reveal a
very extended hot gas halo with a projected diameter of about $108 \kpc\times
68 \kpc$ and soft X-ray luminosity of $\Lx\approx 1.9\times 10^{41} \ergs$. The
temperature of the hot gas is about 0.62 keV with a low metallicity ($Z \sim
0.1 Z_\odot$). We discuss the nature of the AGN in Mrk~273 and the implications
of our results on the origin of X-ray halos in elliptical galaxies. We also
discuss the properties of Mrk~273x, a background AGN in the Mrk~273 field. The
AGN has an X-ray luminosity of $\Lx \approx 2.43\times 10^{44}\ergs$ in the
0.5-10 keV band. Its X-ray properties resemble those of Seyfert 1 galaxies
while its optical properties are similar to Seyfert 2 galaxies. Such mixed
classifications may be a challenge for the unification scheme of AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96742 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of Differential Equations via Cartan's Method of Equivalence


  We formulate a method of computing invariant 1-forms and structure equations
of symmetry pseudo-groups of differential equations based on Cartan's method of
equivalence and the moving coframe method introduced by Fels and Olver. Our
apparoach does not require a preliminary computation of infinitesimal defining
systems, their analysis and integration, and uses differentiation and linear
algebra operations only. Examples of its applications are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96960 </DOCNO>
On smooth maps with finitely many critical points


  We compute the minimal number of critical points over all smooth maps between
two manifolds of small codimension and give some partial results for higher
codimension spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4414 </DOCNO>
Low temperature resistance minimum in non-superconducting 3R-Nb_{1+x}S_2


  We report the structural and electron transport properties of 3R-Nb_{1+x}S_2
(x >= .07) and 3R-Ga_xNbS_2 (.1 <= x <= .33) prepared as polycrystalline
pellets as well as single crystals grown by vapour transport. We observe a
resistance minimum in these compounds between 20-60 K, with the T_min
proportional to x. The resistance scales as rho/rho_min(T/T_min) between .2 <
T/T_min < 2 for different phases with x <= .25 whose resistivity differs by an
order of magnitude. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) also shows progressively
increasing intensity of superlattice lines with cation concentration. The
thermopower changes sign around the resistance minimum. The explanation of the
resistance minimum and the simultaneous rapid suppression of superconductivity
is sought in e-e scattering effects in the presence of cation disorder in these
narrow band anisotropic materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75510 </DOCNO>
Testing perturbation theory on the nf=0 static quark potential


  The perturbative expansion of static force and potential is reanalyzed
concerning its practical applicability. A well behaved perturbative prediction
is given by the integration of the renormalization group equation for the
coupling $\alpha_{qq}(\mu=1/r)=(C_f)^{-1} r^2 F(r)$. Since the Lambda-parameter
of the $\nf=0$ theory is known from previous work, the perturbative prediction
contains no free parameter. It is confronted with recent non-perturbative
results. For $\alpha < 0.3$ where the truncation error of the perturbative
expression is naively estimated to be moderate, it is really quite accurate and
large ``non-perturbative terms'' are excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169365 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical approach to tunneling through a double barrier structure


  We consider a symmetric double barrier heterostructure enclosing a well and
propose a solution for the transmission problem using a generalized WKB
approach which accounts for the amplitude suppression and phase shift due to
the barriers. This approach allows us to address both off-resonance and
resonance cases and, in the latter case, verify the coherent destruction of
tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86781 </DOCNO>
Covariant Hamiltonian boundary conditions in General Relativity for


  We investigate the covariant Hamiltonian symplectic structure of General
Relativity for spatially bounded regions of spacetime. For existence of a
well-defined Hamiltonian variational principle taking into account a spatial
boundary, it is necessary to modify the standard Arnowitt-Deser-Misner
Hamiltonian by adding a boundary term whose form depends on the spatial
boundary conditions for the gravitational field. The most general
mathematically allowed boundary conditions and corresponding boundary terms are
shown to be determined by solving a certain equation obtained from the
symplectic current pulled back to the hypersurface boundary of the spacetime
region. A main result is that we obtain a covariant derivation of Dirichlet,
Neumann, and mixed type boundary conditions on the gravitational field at a
fixed boundary hypersurface, together with the associated Hamiltonian boundary
terms. As well, we establish uniqueness of these boundary conditions under
certain assumptions motivated by the form of the symplectic current. Our
analysis uses a Noether charge method which extends and unifies several results
developed in recent literature for General Relativity. As an illustration of
the method, we apply it to the Maxwell field equations to derive allowed
boundary conditions and boundary terms for existence of a well-defined
Hamiltonian variational principle for an electromagnetic field in a fixed
spatially bounded region of Minkowski spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75877 </DOCNO>
The nuclear pions and quark distributions in deep inelastic scattering


  We propose simple Monte Carlo method for calculating parton distribution in
nuclei. The EMC effect is automatically included by means of two parameters,
which characterize the change of nuclear pion field. Good agreement with
experimental data in the broad range of variable x is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123597 </DOCNO>
A Map-Making Algorithm for the Planck Surveyor


  We present a parallel implementation of a map-making algorithm for CMB
anisotropy experiments which is both fast and efficient. We show for the first
time a Maximum Likelihood, minimum variance map obtained by processing the
entire data stream expected from the Planck Surveyor, under the assumption of a
symmetric beam profile. Here we restrict ourselves to the case of the 30 GHz
channel of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument. The extension to Planck higher
frequency channels is straightforward. If the satellite pointing periodicity is
good enough to average data that belong to the same sky circle, then the code
runs very efficiently on workstations. The serial version of our code also runs
on very competitive time-scales the map-making pipeline for current and
forthcoming balloon borne experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96745 </DOCNO>
Lower semi-continuity of integrals with G-quasiconvex potential


  This paper introduces the proper notion of variational quasiconvexity
associated to a group of diffeomorphisms. We prove a lower semicontinuity
theorem connected to this notion. In the second part of the paper we apply this
result to a class of functions introduced in [5]. Such functions are
$GL(n,R)^{+}$ quasiconvex, hence they induce lower semicontinuous integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128298 </DOCNO>
Acoustic modes in spheroidal cavities


  Oscillation modes of rapidly rotating stars have not yet been calculated with
precision, rotational effects being generally approximated by perturbation
methods. We are developing a numerical method able to account for the
deformation of the star by the centrifugal force and, as a first step, we
determined the acoustic modes of a uniform density spheroid and studied how the
spheroid flatness affects these modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113539 </DOCNO>
New Hierarchic Theory of Condensed Matter and its Computerized


  This work is devoted to new quantum Hierarchic theory of condensed matter,
general for liquids and solids and its numerous applications. Computer program,
based on new theory, was used for comprehensive simulations of water and ice
physical properties. Condensed matter is considered as gas of 3D standing waves
(collective excitations) of different nature: thermal de Broglie waves (waves
B), IR photons and thermal phonons. New theories of total internal energy, heat
capacity, surface tension, vapor pressure, thermal conductivity, viscosity and
self-diffusion are described. Hierarchic theory of osmotic pressure, based on
new state equation, new theories of light refraction, Brillouin light
scattering and Mossbauer effect are presented also in article and compared with
available experimental data for water and ice. Lot of hidden parameters,
inaccessible for experiment, can be calculated also. Total number of physical
parameters of liquids and solids in wide T-interval, including that of phase
transitions, to be possible to evaluate using CAMP computer program, is about
300. The agreement between theoretical and available experimental results for
water and ice is good.
 The idea of new optoacoustic device: Comprehensive Analyzer of Matter
Properties (CAMP) with huge informational possibilities, based on computer
program, elaborated and its multisided applications are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148964 </DOCNO>
On the unitarity of quantum gauge theories on non-commutative spaces


  We study the perturbative unitarity of non-commutative quantum Yang-Mills
theories, extending previous investigations on scalar field theories to the
gauge case where non-locality mingles with the presence of unphysical states.
We concentrate our efforts on two different aspects of the problem. We start by
discussing the analytical structure of the vacuum polarization tensor, showing
how Cutkoski's rules and positivity of the spectral function are realized when
non-commutativity does not affect the temporal coordinate. When instead
non-commutativity involves time, we find the presence of extra troublesome
singularities on the $p_0^2$-plane that seem to invalidate the perturbative
unitarity of the theory. The existence of new tachyonic poles, with respect to
the scalar case, is also uncovered. Then we turn our attention to a different
unitarity check in the ordinary theories, namely time exponentiation of a
Wilson loop. We perform a $O(g^4)$ generalization to the (spatial)
non-commutative case of the familiar results in the usual Yang-Mills theory. We
show that exponentiation persists at $O(g^4)$ in spite of the presence of Moyal
phases reflecting non-commutativity and of the singular infrared behaviour
induced by UV/IR mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149690 </DOCNO>
Regularized Quantum Master Equation in the Wilsonian Renormalization


  Using the Pauli-Villars regularization, we make a perturbative analysis of
the quantum master equation (QME), $\Sigma =0$, for the Wilsonian effective
action. It is found that the QME for the UV action determines whether exact
gauge symmetry is realized along the renormalization group (RG) flow. The basic
task of solving the QME can be reduced to compute the Troost-van
Niuwenhuizen-Van Proyen jacobian factor for the classical UV action. When the
QME cannot be satisfied, the non-vanishing $\Sigma$ is proportional to a BRS
anomaly, which is shown to be preserved along the RG flow. To see how the UV
action fulfills the QME in anomaly free theory, we calculate the jacobian
factor for a pure Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73707 </DOCNO>
Equation of State for Strange Quark Matter in a Separable Model


  We present the thermodynamics of a nonlocal chiral quark model with separable
4-fermion interaction for the case of U(3) flavor symmetry within a functional
integral approach. The four free parameters of the model are fixed by the
chiral condensate, and by the pseudoscalar meson properties (pion mass, kaon
mass, pion decay constant). We discuss the T=0 equation of state (EoS) which
describes quark confinement (zero quark matter pressure) below the critical
chemical potential mu_c=333 MeV. The new result of the present approach is that
the strange quark deconfinement is separated from the light quark one and
occurs only at a higher chemical potential of mu_{c,s}=492 MeV. We compare the
resulting EoS to bag model ones for two and three quark flavors, which have the
phase transition to the vacuum with zero pressure also at mu_c. We study quark
matter stars in general relativity theory assuming beta-equilibrium with
electrons and show that for configurations with masses close to the maximum of
stability at M=1.62 ... 1.64 M_{solar} strange quark matter can occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1192 </DOCNO>
Landauer Conductance without Two Chemical Potentials


  We present a theory of the four--terminal conductance for the multi-channel
tunneling barrier, which is based on the self-consistent solution of
Shrodinger, Poisson and continuity equations. We derive new results for the
case of a barrier embedded in a long wire with and without disorder. We also
recover known expressions for the conductance of the barrier placed into a
ballistic constriction. Our approach avoids a problematic use of two chemical
potentials in the same system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2168 </DOCNO>
Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order in Bose Liquids: Irrotational Flow and


  On the basis of gauge invariance, it is proven in an elementary and
straightforward manner, but without invoking any {\it ad hoc} assumption, that
the existence of off-diagonal long-range order in one-particle reduced density
matrix in Bose liquids implies both the irrotational flow in a simply connected
region and the quantization of circulation in a multiply connected region, the
two fundamental properties of a Bose superfluid. The origin for both is the
phase coherence of condensate wave-functions. Some relevant issues are also
addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97707 </DOCNO>
Sub-principal homomorphisms in positive characteristic


  Let G be a reductive group over an algebraically closed field of
characteristic p, and let u in G be a unipotent element of order p. Suppose
that p is a good prime for G. We show in this paper that there is a
homomorphism phi:SL_2/k --> G whose image contains u. This result was first
obtained by D. Testerman (J. Algebra, 1995) using case considerations for each
type of simple group (and using, in some cases, computer calculations with
explicit representatives for the unipotent orbits).
  The proof we give is free of case considerations (except in its dependence on
the Bala-Carter theorem). Our construction of phi generalizes the construction
of a principal homomorphism made by J.-P. Serre in (Invent. Math. 1996); in
particular, phi is obtained by reduction modulo P from a homomorphism of group
schemes over a valuation ring in a number field. This permits us to show
moreover that the weight spaces of a maximal torus of phi(SL_2/k) on Lie(G) are
``the same as in characteristic 0''; the existence of a phi with this property
was previously obtained, again using case considerations, by Lawther and
Testerman (Memoirs AMS, 1999) and has been applied in some recent work of G.
Seitz (Invent. Math. 2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149530 </DOCNO>
Superintegrable models of Winternitz type


  A general procedure is outlined which allows one to construct superintegrable
models of Winternitz type. Some examples are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126733 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Synchrotron Emission from 10-100 TeV Cosmic-Ray Electrons in the


  We present the results of a joint spectral analysis of RXTE PCA, ASCA SIS,
and ROSAT PSPC data of the supernova remnant SN 1006. This work represents the
first attempt to model both the thermal and nonthermal X-ray emission over the
entire X-ray energy band from 0.12 to 17 keV. The thermal flux is described by
a nonequilibrium ionization model with an electron temperature kT = 0.6 keV, an
ionization timescale n0t = 9 x 10^9 s / cm^3, and a relative elemental
abundance of silicon that is 10-18 times larger than the solar abundance. The
nonthermal X-ray spectrum is described by a broken power law model with low-
and high-energy photon indices Gamma_1 = 2.1 and Gamma_2 = 3.0, respectively.
Since the nonthermal X-ray spectrum steepens with increasing energy, the
results of the present analysis corroborate previous claims that the nonthermal
X-ray emission is produced by synchrotron radiation. We argue that the magnetic
field strength is significantly larger than previous estimates of about 1 x
10^-5 G and arbitrarily use a value of 4 x 10^-5 G to estimate the parameters
of the cosmic-ray electron, proton, and helium spectra of the remnant. The
results for the ratio of the number densities of protons and electrons (R = 160
at 1 GeV), the total energy in cosmic rays (E_cr = 1 x 10^50 ergs), and the
spectral index of the electrons at 1 GeV (Gamma_e = 2.14 +/- 0.12) are
consistent with the hypothesis that Galactic cosmic rays are accelerated
predominantly in the shocks of supernova remnants. Yet, the remnant may or may
not accelerate nuclei to energies as high as the energy of the "knee,"
depending on the reason why the maximum energy of the electrons is only 10 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40974 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Charmed Meson Lifetimes and Search for


  The lifetimes of charmed mesons have been measured using 11.1fb$^{-1} of data
collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. Each candidate is fully
reconstructed to identify the flavor of the charmed meson. The lifetimes are
measured to be $\tau(D^0)=(414.5\pm1.7)$ fs, $\tau(D^+)=(1029\pm12)$ fs and
$\tau(D_s^+)=(488.4^{+7.8}_{-7.7})$ fs, where the error is statistical only.
The mixing parameter $y_{CP}$ is also measured to be
$y_{CP}=(1.16^{+1.67}_{-1.65}(stat.))%$ through the lifetime difference of
$D^0$ mesons decaying into CP-mixed states and CP eigenstates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76119 </DOCNO>
Statistical hadronisation model and transverse momentum spectra of


  A detailed analysis of transverse momentum spectra of several identified
hadrons in high energy collisions within the canonical framework of the
statistical model of hadronisation is performed. The study of particle momentum
spectra requires an extension of the statistical model formalism used to handle
particle multiplicities, which is described in detail starting from a
microcanonical treatment of single hadronising clusters. Also, a new treatment
of extra strangeness suppression is presented which is based on the enforcement
of fixed numbers of ssbar pairs in the primary hadrons. The considered
centre-of-mass energies range from ~ 10 to 30 GeV in hadronic collisions
(pion-p, pp and Kp) and from ~ 15 to 35 GeV in e+e- collisions. The effect of
the decay chain following hadron generation is accurately and exhaustively
taken into account by a newly proposed numerical method. The exact p_T
conservation at low energy and the increasing hard parton emission at high
energy bound the validity of the presently taken approach within a limited
centre-of-mass energy range. However, within this region, a clear consistency
is found between the temperature parameter extracted from the present analysis
and that obtained from fits to average hadron multiplicities in the same
collision systems. This finding indicates that in the hadronisation process the
production of different particle species and their momentum spectra are two
closely related phenomena governed by one parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148328 </DOCNO>
Strings on Orbifold Lines


  The orbifold lines IIA/I_8 and IIB/$I_8 (-1)^{F_L} possess BPS discrete
torsion variants which carry fundamental string (NSNS) charge. We show that
these variants are actually classified by an integral electric field F from the
twisted RR sector, and compute their tension and NSNS charge as a function of
F. The analysis employs equivariant K-theory and the string creation
phenomenon. The K-theory results demonstrate the corrections to cohomology in
the case of torsion; it is found that 8 units of F are invisible at transverse
infinity for IIA, and correspondingly 16 units for IIB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124941 </DOCNO>
1.65 micron (H-band) surface photometry of galaxies. VII: dwarf galaxies


  We present near-infrared H-band (1.65micron) observations and surface
brightness profile decompositions for 75 faint (13.5 < m_p < 18.5) galaxies,
primarily taken among dwarf Ellipticals members of the Virgo cluster. We model
their surface brightness profiles with a de Vaucouleurs (D), exponential (E),
mixed (bulge+disk or M) or truncated (T) law, and we derive for each galaxy the
H band effective surface brightness (mu_e) and effective radius (r_e), the
asymptotic total magnitude H_T and the light concentration index C_31.
Combining the present data with those previously obtained by our group (1157
objects) we analyze the NIR properties of a nearly complete sample,
representative of galaxies of all morphological types, spanning 4 decades in
luminosity. We confirm our earlier claim that the presence of cusps and
extended haloes in the light profiles (C_31>5) is a strong, non-linear function
of the total luminosity. We also find that: i) among dEs and dS0s galaxies D
profiles are absent; 50% of the decompositions are of type M, the remaining
being of type E or T. ii) Less than 50% of the giant elliptical galaxies have
pure D profiles, the majority being represented by M profiles. iii) Most giant
galaxies (from elliptical to Sb) have M profiles. iv) Most of late type spirals
(Scd to BCD) have either E or T profiles. v) The type of decomposition is a
strong function of the total H band luminosity, independent of the Hubble
classification: the fraction of type E decompositions decreases with increasing
luminosity, while those of type M increase with luminosity. Pure D profiles are
absent in the low luminosity range L_H<10^10 solar and become dominant above
10^11 solar, while T profiles are present only among low luminosity galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86061 </DOCNO>
Pure-radiation gravitational fields with a simple twist and a Killing


  Pure-radiation solutions are found, exploiting the analogy with the Euler-
Darboux equation for aligned colliding plane waves and the Euler-Tricomi
equation in hydrodynamics of two-dimensional flow. They do not depend on one of
the spacelike coordinates and comprise the Hauser solution as a special
subcase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86917 </DOCNO>
Optimum Placement of Post-1PN GW Chirp Templates Made Simple at any


  A simple recipe is given for constructing a maximally sparse regular lattice
of spin-free post-1PN gravitational wave chirp templates subject to a given
minimal match constraint, using Tanaka-Tagoshi coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86021 </DOCNO>
On the interpretation of Michelson-Morley experiments


  Recent proposals for improved optical tests of Special Relativity have
renewed interest in the interpretation of such tests. In this paper we discuss
the interpretation of modern realizations of the Michelson-Morley experiment in
the context of a new model of electrodynamics featuring a vector-valued photon
mass. This model is gauge invariant, unlike massive-photon theories based on
the Proca equation, and it predicts anisotropy of both the speed of light and
the electric field of a point charge. The latter leads to an orientation
dependence of the length of solid bodies which must be accounted for when
interpreting the results of a Michelson-Morley experiment. Using a simple model
of ionic solids we show that, in principle, the effect of orientation dependent
length can conspire to cancel the effect of an anisotropic speed of light in a
Michelson-Morley experiment, thus, complicating the interpretation of the
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149017 </DOCNO>
Primary currents and Riemannian geometry in W-algebras


  It is proved that general consistency requirements of stability under complex
analytic change of charts show that primary currents in finite chiral
W-algebras are described in terms of pure gravitational variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1841 </DOCNO>
Rowers coupled hydrodynamically. Modeling possible mechanisms for the


  We introduce a model system of stochastic entities, called 'rowers' which
include some essentialities of the behavior of real cilia. We introduce and
discuss the problem of symmetry breaking for these objects and its connection
with the onset of macroscopic, directed flow in the fluid. We perform a mean
field-like calculation showing that hydrodynamic interaction may provide for
the symmetry breaking mechanism and the onset of fluid flow. Finally, we
discuss the problem of the metachronal wave in a stochastic context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40826 </DOCNO>
CMS Central Hadron Calorimeter


  We present a description of the CMS central hadron calorimeter. We describe
the production of the 1996 CMS hadron testbeam module. We show the results of
the quality control tests of the testbeam module. We present some results of
the 1995 CMS hadron testbeam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126656 </DOCNO>
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - VIII. Absorption systems in the 10k


  We examine the highest S/N spectra from the 2QZ 10k release and identify over
100 new low-ionisation heavy element absorbers; DLA candidates suitable for
higher resolution follow-up observations. These absorption systems map the
spatial distribution of high-z metals in exactly the same volumes that the
foreground 2QZ QSOs themselves sample and hence the 2QZ gives us the unique
opportunity to directly compare the two tracers of large scale structure. We
examine the cross-correlation of the two populations to see how they are
relatively clustered, and, by considering the colour of the QSOs, detect a
small amount of dust in these metal systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3623 </DOCNO>
The Hubbard model applied to the phase diagram and pressure effects in


  We apply a method based on a BCS-type approach to the extended Hubbard model
to deal with the YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} superconductor family under pressure.
The parameters of the tight-binding band are taken from experiments, and the
coupling strength U and V are estimated from the zero pressure phase diagram Tc
X n_h, where n_h is the hole content and Tc the critical temperature. With the
assumption that the pressure P modifies the magnitude V of the attractive
potential besides n_h, we obtain a general expansion of Tc in terms of the
pressure P, as Tc(P)=Tc(n_h(P),V(P)). With this we can distinguish the charge
transfer and the intrinsic contribution to Tc. We show that the changes of Tc
with P for YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} are almost due to the intrinsic term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168447 </DOCNO>
Quantum Boltzmann statistics in interacting systems


  Collective operators that describe interaction of generic quantum system with
discrete spectrum with a quantum field are investigated. These operators,
considered as operators in the entangled Fock space (space generated by action
of collective creations on the vacuum) in the stochastic limit satisfy a
particular kind of Quantum Boltzmann (or free) commutational relations. This
clarifies a general phenomenon of arising of Quantum Boltzmann relations in
interacting systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73529 </DOCNO>
Penguin Contractions and Factorization in B -> K pi Decays


  We study Lambda_{QCD}/m_B corrections to factorization in B -> K pi decays.
First, we analyze these decay channels within factorization, showing that,
irrespectively of the value of gamma, it is not possible to reproduce the
experimental data. Then, we discuss Lambda_{QCD}/m_B corrections to these
processes, and argue that there is a class of doubly Cabibbo enhanced
non-factorizable contributions, usually called charming penguins, that cannot
be neglected. Including these corrections, we obtain an excellent agreement
with experimental data. Furthermore, contrary to what is obtained with
factorization, we predict sizable rate asymmetries in B^\pm -> K^\pm \pi^0 and
B -> K^\pm pi^\mp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 506 </DOCNO>
Moments of the characteristic polynomial in the three ensembles of


  Moments of the characteristic polynomial of a random matrix taken from any of
the three ensembles, orthogonal, unitary or symplectic, are given either as a
determinant or a pfaffian or as a sum of determinants. For gaussian ensembles
comparing the two expressions of the same moment one gets two remarkable
identities, one between an $n\times n$ determinant and an $m\times m$
determinant and another between the pfaffian of a $2n\times 2n$ anti-symmetric
matrix and a sum of $m\times m$ determinants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7579 </DOCNO>
Enhanced dynamic range in a sensory network of excitable elements


  Sensory arrays made of coupled excitable elements can improve both their
input sensitivity and dynamic range due to collective non-linear wave
properties. This mechanism is studied in a neural network of electrically
coupled (e.g. via gap junctions) elements subject to a Poisson signal process.
The network response interpolates between a Weber-Fechner logarithmic law and a
Stevens power law depending on the relative refractory period of the cell. The
same phenomenon has been observed in two different excitable media: cellular
automata and Hodgkin-Huxley networks. This amplification mechanism could also
be implemented in artificial sensor devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168483 </DOCNO>
Linear representations of probabilistic transformations induced by


  By using straightforward frequency arguments we classify transformations of
probabilities which can be generated by transition from one preparation
procedure (context) to another. There are three classes of transformations
corresponding to statistical deviations of different magnitudes: (a)
trigonometric; (b) hyperbolic; (c) hyper-trigonometric. Each class is
characterized by a perturbation of the `classical probabilistic rule': (a)
$\cos\theta$, (b) $\cosh \theta$, (c) both $\cos\theta$ and $\cosh \theta$.
Trigonometric transformations correspond to context-transitions that induce
statistical deviations of relatively small magnitudes (in classical physics -
negligibly small); hyperbolic - relatively large magnitudes. We found that not
only preparation procedures described by conventional quantum formalism can
have trigonometric probabilistic behaviour. We propose generalizations of ${\bf
C}$-linear space probabilistic calculus to describe non quantum (trigonometric
and hyperbolic) probabilistic transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81116 </DOCNO>
An Improved Upper Bound for the Ground State Energy of Fermion Lattice


  We present an improved upper bound for the ground state energy of lattice
fermion models with sign problem. The bound can be computed by numerical
simulation of a recently proposed family of deformed Hamiltonians with no sign
problem. For one dimensional models, we expect the bound to be particularly
effective and practical extrapolation procedures are discussed. In particular,
in a model of spinless interacting fermions and in the Hubbard model at various
filling and Coulomb repulsion we show how such techniques can estimate ground
state energies and correlation function with great accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129098 </DOCNO>
SDSS J124602.54+011318.8: A Highly Luminous Optical Transient at z=0.385


  We report the discovery of a highly luminous optical transient (OT), SDSS
J124602.54+011318.8, associated with a galaxy at a redshift of 0.385. Although
other explanations cannot be ruled out, the observational evidence suggests
that the OT may be a GRB afterglow. Three sets of images and two sets of
spectra were obtained as part of the normal operations of the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS). In the first two image sets, observed two nights apart, the
object appears as a point source at r*=17. The third image set, observed about
410 days later, shows an extended source which was more than 2.5 magnitudes
fainter. The spectra were observed about 400 and 670 days after the first two
image sets, and both show an apparently normal galaxy at a redshift of 0.385.
Associating the OT with the galaxy, the absolute magnitude was M(r*)=-23.8,
which is over 4 magnitudes brighter than the most luminous supernova ever
measured. The spectral energy distributions of the galaxy-subtracted OT derived
from the first two image sets are well-fit by single power-laws with indices of
beta_nu=-0.92 and -1.29 respectively, similar to most GRB afterglows. Based
upon the luminosity of the OT, non-detections in contemporaneous ROTSE-I
images, and the change in spectral slope, the OT, if an afterglow, was likely
discovered early during a ``plateau'' or slowly-fading phase. The discovery of
a GRB afterglow at this stage of the SDSS is consistent with expectations, but
only if the optical emission is much less strongly beamed than the gamma-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4019 </DOCNO>
Microwave absorption in s- and d-wave disordered superconductors


  We model s- and d-wave ceramic superconductors with a three-dimensional
lattice of randomly distributed Josephson junctions with finite
self-inductance. The field and temperature dependences of the microwave
absoption are obtained by solving the corresponding Langevin dynamical
equations. We find that at magnetic field H=0 the microwave absoption of the
s-wave samples, when plotted against the field, has a minimum at any
temperature. In the case of d-wave superconductors one has a peak at H=0 in the
temperature region where the paramagnetic Meissner effect is observable. These
results agree with experiments. The dependence of the microwave absorption on
the screening strength was found to be nontrivial due to the crossover from the
weak to the strong screening regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124908 </DOCNO>
The relationship between star formation rates and mid-infrared emission


  The Halpha and mid-infrared mean disk surface brightnesses are compared in a
sample of nearby spirals observed by ISOCAM. This shows that, in spiral disks,
dust emission at 7 and 15 microns provides a reasonable star formation tracer.
The fact that the 15 to 7 micron flux ratio is nearly constant in various
global exciting conditions indicates a common origin, namely the aromatic
infrared band carriers, and implies that at these wavelengths, dust emission
from the disks of normal galaxies is dominated by photodissociation regions and
not by HII regions themselves. We use this newly-found correlation between the
mid-infrared and the Halpha line to investigate the nature of the link between
the far-infrared (60 and 100 microns) and Halpha. Although the separation of
the central regions from the disk is impossible to achieve in the far-infrared,
we show that a circumnuclear contribution to the dust emission, having no
equivalent counterpart in Halpha, is most likely responsible for the well-known
non-linearity between far-infrared and Halpha fluxes in spiral galaxies. We
derive a calibration of 7 and 15 micron fluxes in terms of star formation rates
from a primary calibration of Halpha in the literature, and also outline the
applicability limits of the proposed conversion, which should not be blindly
extrapolated to objects whose nature is unknown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124254 </DOCNO>
AGN and starbursts at high redshift: High resolution EVN radio


  VLBI now has the capability of imaging relatively large fields-of-view (~ 5
arcmin sq) with sub-mJy detection limits. In principle such observations can
distinguish between starburst and AGN activity in cosmologically distant
sources. We present the first deep, wide-field European VLBI Network (EVN) 1.6
GHz observations of faint radio sources in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) region.
The EVN clearly (> 5sigma) detects 2 radio sources in a field that encompasses
the HDF and part of the Hubble Flanking Fields (HFF). The sources detected are:
VLA J123644+621133 (a z=1.01, low-luminosity FR-I radio source located within
the HDF itself) and VLA J123642+621331 (a dust enshrouded, optically faint,
z=4.424 starburst system). A third radio source, J123646+621404, is detected at
the 4sigma level. The observations presented here, suggest that the radio
emission in the dusty starburst, VLA J123642+621331, arises mainly from AGN
activity, suggesting that in this system, both AGN and starburst activity
co-exist. The prospects for future VLBI deep fields are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72787 </DOCNO>
Sneutrino-induced like sign dilepton signal with conserved R-parity


  Lepton number violation could be manifest in the sneutrino sector of
supersymmetric extensions of the standard model with conserved R-parity. Then
sneutrinos decay partly into the ``wrong sign charged lepton'' final state, if
kinematically accessible. In sneutrino pair production or associated single
sneutrino production, the signal then is a like sign dilepton final state.
Under favourable circumstances, such a signal could be visible at the LHC or a
next generation linear collider for a relative sneutrino mass-splitting of
order ${\cal O}(0.001)$ and sneutrino width of order ${\cal O}$(1 GeV). On the
other hand, the like sign dilepton event rate at the TEVATRON is probably too
small to be observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95632 </DOCNO>
Lax Pairs and Darboux Transformations for Euler Equations


  In this article, we will report the recent developments on Lax pairs and
Darboux transformations for Euler equations of inviscid fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149054 </DOCNO>
Bulk versus boundary quantum states


  An explicit holographic correspondence between $AdS$ bulk and boundary
quantum states is found in the form of a one to one mapping between scalar
field creation/annihilation operators. The mapping requires the introduction of
arbitrary energy scales and exhibits an ultraviolet-infrared duality: a small
regulating mass in the boundary theory corresponds to a large momentum cutoff
in the bulk. In the massless (conformal) limit of the boundary theory the
mapping covers the whole field spectrum of both theories. The mapping strongly
depends on the discretization of the field spectrum of compactified $AdS$ space
in Poincare coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128548 </DOCNO>
WINGS: a Wide-field Imaging Nearby Galaxy clusters Survey


  We present a two-band, wide-field imaging survey of an X-ray selected sample
of 78 clusters in the redshift range z=0.03-0.07. The aim of the project is to
provide the astronomical community with a complete set of homogeneous,
CCD-based, surface photometry and morphological data of the nearby cluster
galaxies located within 1.5Mpc from the cluster center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114445 </DOCNO>
Replacement of Magnet Power Supplies, Control and Field-Bus for the Psi


  Magnet power supplies in the PSI accelerator complex with their control and
field-bus are old. Some components are more then 30 years old. To guarantee
further maintenance and to meet the more demanding specifications for operation
with the 2mA beam, they have to be replaced. The switched power supplies,
developed for SLS, will be used. This implies a major redesign of part of the
accelerator control system, which is now based on CAMAC, ROAD-C and other in
house developed hardware including the machine protection system. The modified
control for the new set-up will be based on VME and alternatively CAMAC, with
dedicated processors for the functionality of the machine protection system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98988 </DOCNO>
Diophantine equations related to quasicrystals: a note


  We give the general solution of three Diophantine equations in the ring of
integer of the algebraic number field ${\bf Q}[{\sqr 5}]$. These equations are
related to the problem of determination of the minimum distance in
quasicrystals with fivefold symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95914 </DOCNO>
The Maximal Invariance Group of Newtons's Equations for a Free Point


  The maximal invariance group of Newton's equations for a free nonrelativistic
point particle is shown to be larger than the Galilei group. It is a
semi-direct product of the static (nine-parameter) Galilei group and an
$SL(2,R)$ group containing time-translations, dilations and a one-parameter
group of time-dependent scalings called {\it expansions}. This group was first
discovered by Niederer in the context of the free Schr\"odinger equation. We
also provide a road map from the free nonrelativistic point particle to the
equations of fluid mechanics to which the symmetry carries over. The hitherto
unnoticed $SL(2, R)$ part of the symmetry group for fluid mechanics gives a
theoretical explanation for an observed similarity between numerical
simulations of supernova explosions and numerical simulations of experiments
involving laser-induced implosions in inertial confinement plasmas. We also
give examples of interacting many body systems of point particles which have
this symmetry group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125833 </DOCNO>
Particle Acceleration in three dimensional Reconnection Regions: A New


  Magnetic Reconnection is an efficient and fast acceleration mechanism by
means of direct electric field acceleration parallel to the magnetic field.
Thus, acceleration of particles in reconnection regions is a very important
topic in plasma astrophysics. This paper shows that the conventional analytical
models and numerical test particle investigations can be misleading concerning
the energy distribution of the accelerated particles, since they oversimplify
the electric field structure by the assumption that the field is homogeneous.
These investigations of the acceleration of charged test particles are extended
by considering three-dimensional field configurations characterized by
localized field-aligned electric fields. Moreover, effects of radiative losses
are discussed. The comparison between homogeneous and inhomogeneous electric
field acceleration in reconnection regions shows dramatic differences
concerning both, the maximum particle energy and the form of the energy
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6566 </DOCNO>
Loop structure of the lowest Bloch band for a Bose-Einstein condensate


  We investigate analytically and numerically Bloch waves for a Bose--Einstein
condensate in a sinusoidal external potential. At low densities the dependence
of the energy on the quasimomentum is similar to that for a single particle,
but at densities greater than a critical one the lowest band becomes
triple-valued near the boundary of the first Brillouin zone and develops the
structure characteristic of the swallow-tail catastrophe. We comment on the
experimental consequences of this behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2481 </DOCNO>
Significant Reduction of the Microwave Surface Resistance of MgB2 Films


  The microwave surface resistance Rs of MgB2 films with the zero-resistance
temperature of - 39 K was measured at 8.0 - 8.5 GHz. The MgB2 films were
prepared by deposition of boron films on c-cut sapphire, followed by annealing
in a vaporized magnesium environment. The Rs appeared significantly reduced by
ion milling of the as-grown MgB2 film surface, with the observed Rs of ~ 0.8
mohm at 24 K for an ion-milled MgB2 film as small as 1/15 of the value for the
corresponding as-grown MgB2 film. The reduced Rs of the ion-milled MgB2 films
is attributed to the effects of the Mg-rich metallic layer existing at the
surfaces of the as-grown MgB2 films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40900 </DOCNO>
Precision Neutral Current Asymmetry Parameter Measurements from the Tau


  Measurements of the tau lepton polarization and forward-backward polarization
asymmetry near the Z resonance using the OPAL detector are described. The
measurements are based on analyses of tau -> e nu_e nu_tau, tau -> mu nu_mu
nu_tau, tau -> pi nu_tau, tau -> rho nu_tau and tau -> a1 nu_tau decays from a
sample of 144810 e+e- -> tau+ tau- candidates corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 151 pb-1. Assuming that the tau lepton decays according to V-A
theory, we measure the average tau polarization near Ecm = MZ to be <Ptau> =
(-14.10 +/- 0.73 +/- 0.55)% and the tau polarization forward-backward asymmetry
to be Afb = (-10.55 +/- 0.76 +/- 0.25)%, where the first error is statistical
and the second systematic. Taking into account the small effects of the photon
propagator, photon-Z interference and photonic radiative corrections, these
results can be expressed in terms of the lepton neutral current asymmetry
parameters:
  Atau = 0.1456 +/- 0.0076 +/- 0.0057,
  Ae = 0.1454 +/- 0.0108 +/- 0.0036.
  These measurements are consistent with the hypothesis of lepton universality
and combine to give Al = 0.1455 +/- 0.0073. Within the context of the Standard
Model this combined result corresponds to sin^2(theta)(lept,effective) =
0.23172 +/- 0.00092. Combing these results with those from the other OPAL
neutral current measurements yields a value of sin^2(theta)(lept,effective) =
0.23211 +/- 0.00068.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86590 </DOCNO>
Is Noether Symmetric Approach Consistent With Dynamical Equation In


  The form of the coupling of the scalar field with gravity and the potential
have been found by applying Noether theorem to two dimensional minisuperspaces
in induced gravity model. It has been observed that though the forms thus
obtained are consistent with all the equations $\pounds_{X}L=0$, yet they do
not satisfy the field equations for $k=\pm 1$, in Robertson-Walker model. It
has been pointed out that this is not due to the degeneracy of the Lagrangian,
since this problem does not appear in $k=0$ case.It has also been shown that
though Noether theorem fails to extract any symmetry from the Lagrangian of
such model for $k=\pm 1$, symmetry exists, which can easily be found by
studying the continuity equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 379 </DOCNO>
Finite-Size and surface effects in maghemite nanoparticles: Monte Carlo


  Finite-size and surface effects in fine particle systems are investigated by
Monte Carlo simulation of a model of a $\gamma$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ (maghemite) single
particle. Periodic boundary conditions have been used to simulate the bulk
properties and the results compared with those for a spherical shaped particle
with free boundaries to evidence the role played by the surface on the
anomalous magnetic properties displayed by these systems at low temperatures.
Several outcomes of the model are in qualitative agreement with the
experimental findings. A reduction of the magnetic ordering temperature,
spontaneous magnetization, and coercive field is observed as the particle size
is decreased. Moreover, the hysteresis loops become elongated with high values
of the differential susceptibility, resembling those from frustrated or
disordered systems. These facts are consequence of the formation of a surface
layer with higher degree of magnetic disorder than the core, which, for small
sizes, dominates the magnetization processes of the particle. However, in
contradiction with the assumptions of some authors, our model does not predict
the freezing of the surface layer into a spin-glass-like state. The results
indicate that magnetic disorder at the surface simply facilitates the thermal
demagnetization of the particle at zero field, while the magnetization is
increased at moderate fields, since surface disorder diminishes ferrimagnetic
correlations within the particle. The change in shape of the hysteresis loops
with the particle size demonstrates that the reversal mode is strongly
influenced by the reduced atomic coordination and disorder at the surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3566 </DOCNO>
Disorder induced cross-over effects at quantum critical points


  Critical properties of quantum spin chains with varying degrees of disorder
are studied at zero temperature by analytical and extensive density matrix
renormalization methods. Generally the phase diagram is found to contain three
phases. The weak disorder regime, where the critical behavior is controlled by
the fixed points of the pure system and the strong disorder regime, which is
attracted by an infinite randomness fixed point, are separated by an
intermediate disorder regime, where dynamical scaling is anisotropic and the
static and dynamical exponents are disorder dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7328 </DOCNO>
Scattering of vortex pairs in 2D easy-plane ferromagnets


  Vortex-antivortex pairs in 2D easy-plane ferromagnets have characteristics of
solitons in two dimensions. We investigate numerically and analytically the
dynamics of such vortex pairs. In particular we simulate numerically the
head-on collision of two pairs with different velocities for a wide range of
the total linear momentum of the system. If the momentum difference of the two
pairs is small, the vortices exchange partners, scatter at an angle depending
on this difference, and form two new identical pairs. If it is large, the pairs
pass through each other without losing their identity. We also study head-tail
collisions. Two identical pairs moving in the same direction are bound into a
moving quadrupole in which the two vortices as well as the two antivortices
rotate around each other. We study the scattering processes also analytically
in the frame of a collective variable theory, where the equations of motion for
a system of four vortices constitute an integrable system. The features of the
different collision scenarios are fully reproduced by the theory. We finally
compare some aspects of the present soliton scattering with the corresponding
situation in one dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86701 </DOCNO>
Can one detect a non-smooth null infinity?


  It is shown that the precession of a gyroscope can be used to elucidate the
nature of the smoothness of the null infinity of an asymptotically flat
spacetime (describing an isolated body). A model for which the effects of
precession in the non-smooth null infinity case are of order $r^{-2}\ln r$ is
proposed. By contrast, in the smooth version the effects are of order $r^{-3}$.
This difference should provide an effective criterion to decide on the nature
of the smoothness of null infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126171 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the Gravity Waves Velocity


  Some results are presented of the Earth's microseismic background. It is
assumed that background peaks should correspond to the resonance gravity-wave
exchange in the system of two gravity-connected bodies. The microseismic
spectrum is compared with the distribution of gravity potential of the nearest
stars. A close peak-to-peak correspondence is found. This correspondence and
resonance condition lead to an evaluation of the gravity-wave velocity. The
resulting value is nine orders of magnitude more than the velocity of light.
Some consequences of such result are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129221 </DOCNO>
Peculiar velocity effects in high-resolution microwave background


  We investigate the impact of peculiar velocity effects due to the motion of
the solar system relative to the microwave background (CMB) on high resolution
CMB experiments. It is well known that on the largest angular scales the
combined effects of Doppler shifts and aberration are important; the lowest
Legendre multipoles of total intensity receive power from the large CMB
monopole in transforming from the CMB frame. On small angular scales aberration
dominates and is shown here to lead to significant distortions of the total
intensity and polarization multipoles in transforming from the rest frame of
the CMB to the frame of the solar system. We provide convenient analytic
results for the distortions as series expansions in the relative velocity of
the two frames, but at the highest resolutions a numerical quadrature is
required. Although many of the high resolution multipoles themselves are
severely distorted by the frame transformations, we show that their statistical
properties distort by only an insignificant amount. Therefore, cosmological
parameter estimation is insensitive to the transformation from the CMB frame
(where theoretical predictions are calculated) to the rest frame of the
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3146 </DOCNO>
Stable unidimensional arrays of coherent strained islands


  We investigate the equilibrium properties of arrays of coherent strained
islands in heteroepitaxial thin films of bidimensional materials. The model we
use takes into account only three essential ingredients : surface energies,
elastic energies of the film and of the substrate and interaction energies
between islands via the substrate. Using numerical simulations for a simple
Lennard-Jones solid, we can assess the validity of the analytical expressions
used to describe each of these contributions. A simple analytical expression is
obtained for the total energy of the system. Minimizing this energy, we show
that arrays of coherent islands can exist as stable configurations. Even in
this simple approach, the quantitative results turn out to be very sensitive to
some details of the surface energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148765 </DOCNO>
Quadrupole Instabilities of Relativistic Rotating Membranes


  We generalize recent study of the stability of isotropic (spherical) rotating
membranes to the anisotropic ellipsoidal membrane. We find that while the
stability persists for deformations of spin $l=1$, the quadrupole and higher
spin deformations ($l\geq 2$) lead to instabilities. We find the relevant
instability modes and the corresponding eigenvalues. These indicate that the
ellipsoidal rotating membranes generically decay into finger-like
configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75957 </DOCNO>
A Simple Derivation of the JIMWLK Equation


  A simple derivation of the Jalilian-Marian, Iancu, McLerran, Weigert,
Leonidov and Kovner (JIMWLK) equation for the evolution of small-x QCD
wavefunctions is given. The derivation makes use of the equivalence between the
evolution of a (in general complicated) small-x wavefunction with that of the
evolution of the (simple) dipole probing the wavefunction in a high energy
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73588 </DOCNO>
Treatment of the QCD coupling in high energy processes


  The treatment of the running QCD coupling in evolution equations is
discussed. It is shown that the use of the virtuality of ladder (vertical)
partons as the scale for QCD coupling in every rung of ladder graphs is an
approximation that holds for DIS at large x only. On the contrary, in the small
x region the coupling depends on the virtuality of s -channel (horizontal)
gluons. This observation leads to different results for the Regge-like
processes and DIS structure functions at small x.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3199 </DOCNO>
From Global to Local Fluctuation Theorems


  The Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem suggests a general symmetry in the
fluctuations of the entropy production, a basic concept in the theory of
irreversible processes, based on results in the theory of strongly chaotic
maps.
  We study this symmetry for some standard models of nonequilibrium steady
states. We give a general strategy to derive a 'local' fluctuation theorem
exploiting the Gibbsian features of the stationary space-time distribution.
This is applied to spin flip processes and to the asymmetric exclusion process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98469 </DOCNO>
Introductory Topics in Binary Set Functions


  Let X be a non-empty set and U a ring of subsets of X. The countable additive
functions U->{0,1} are called measures. The paper gives some definitions
(derivable measures, the Lebesgue-Stieltjes measures) and properties of these
functions, its purpose being that of reconstruction of the measure theory
within this frame, by analogy with the real measure theory. We mention the
special case of the Riemann integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168839 </DOCNO>
Covariant quantum measurements may not be optimal


  Quantum particles, such as spins, can be used for communicating spatial
directions to observers who share no common coordinate frame. We show that if
the emitter's signals are the orbit of a group, then the optimal detection
method may not be a covariant measurement (contrary to widespread belief). It
may be advantageous for the receiver to use a different group and an indirect
estimation method: first, an ordinary measurement supplies redundant numerical
parameters; the latter are then used for a nonlinear optimal identification of
the signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126640 </DOCNO>
The Central Mass and Phase-Space Densities of Dark Matter Halos:


  Current data suggest that the central mass densities $\rho_0$ and phase-space
densities $Q\equiv\rho_0/\sigma_V^3$ of cosmological halos in the present
universe are correlated with their velocity dispersions $\sigma_V$ over a very
wide range of $\sigma_V$ from less than 10 to more than 1000 $\rm km s^{-1}$.
Such correlations are an expected consequence of the statistical correlation of
the formation epochs of virialized objects in the CDM model with their masses;
the smaller-mass halos typically form first and merge to form larger-mass halos
later. We have derived the $Q-\sigma_V$ and $\rho_0-\sigma_V$ correlations for
different CDM cosmologies and compared the predicted correlations with the
observed properties of a sample of low-redshift halos ranging in size from
dwarf spheroidal galaxies to galaxy clusters. Our predictions are generally
consistent with the data, with preference for the currently-favored, flat
$\Lambda$CDM model. Such a comparison serves to test the basic CDM paradigm
while constraining the background cosmology and the power-spectrum of
primordial density fluctuations, including larger wavenumbers than have
previously been constrained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6414 </DOCNO>
Fraction of uninfected walkers in the one-dimensional Potts model


  The dynamics of the one-dimensional q-state Potts model, in the zero
temperature limit, can be formulated through the motion of random walkers which
either annihilate (A + A -> 0) or coalesce (A + A -> A) with a q-dependent
probability. We consider all of the walkers in this model to be mutually
infectious. Whenever two walkers meet, they experience mutual contamination.
Walkers which avoid an encounter with another random walker up to time t remain
uninfected. The fraction of uninfected walkers is investigated numerically and
found to decay algebraically, U(t) \sim t^{-\phi(q)}, with a nontrivial
exponent \phi(q). Our study is extended to include the coupled
diffusion-limited reaction A+A -> B, B+B -> A in one dimension with equal
initial densities of A and B particles. We find that the density of walkers
decays in this model as \rho(t) \sim t^{-1/2}. The fraction of sites unvisited
by either an A or a B particle is found to obey a power law, P(t) \sim
t^{-\theta} with \theta \simeq 1.33. We discuss these exponents within the
context of the q-state Potts model and present numerical evidence that the
fraction of walkers which remain uninfected decays as U(t) \sim t^{-\phi},
where \phi \simeq 1.13 when infection occurs between like particles only, and
\phi \simeq 1.93 when we also include cross-species contamination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3828 </DOCNO>
Violation of Quasineutrality in Semiconductor Transport: The Dember


  Exact solution of the linearized equations for steady-state transport in
semiconductors yields two modes that vary exponentially in space, one involving
screening (without entropy production) and one involving diffusion and
recombination (with entropy production). Neither mode is quasineutral. For
constant surface photoexcitation with generation of electrons and holes, the
steady-state response is a linear combination of these modes, subject to global
electroneutrality. The resultant charge separation produces a voltage
difference across the sample (the Dember effect).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86182 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Spinor and Scalar Fields in General Relativity


  We consider a system of nonlinear spinor and scalar fields with minimal
coupling in general relativity. The nonlinearity in the spinor field Lagrangian
is given by an arbitrary function of the invariants generated from the bilinear
spinor forms $S= {\bar \psi} \psi$ and $P=i {\bar \psi} \gamma^5 \psi$; the
scalar Lagrangian is chosen as an arbitrary function of the scalar invariant
${\Upsilon} = {\phi}_{,\alpha}{\phi}^{,\alpha}$, that becomes linear at
${\Upsilon} \to 0$. The spinor and the scalar fields in question interact with
each other by means of a gravitational field which is given by a
plane-symmetric metric. Exact plane-symmetric solutions to the gravitational,
spinor and scalar field equations have been obtained. Role of gravitational
field in the formation of the field configurations with limited total energy,
spin and charge has been investigated. Influence of the change of the sign of
energy density of the spinor and scalar fields on the properties of the
configurations obtained has been examined. It has been established that under
the change of the sign of the scalar field energy density the system in
question can be realized physically iff the scalar charge does not exceed some
critical value. In case of spinor field no such restriction on its parameter
occurs. In general it has been shown that the choice of spinor field
nonlinearity can lead to the elimination of scalar field contribution to the
metric functions, but leaving its contribution to the total energy unaltered.
  Key words: Nonlinear spinor field (NLSF), nonlinear scalar field,
plane-symmetric metric PACS: 03.65.P, 04.20.H

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74919 </DOCNO>
Relativistic bound states in Yukawa model


  The bound state solutions of two fermions interacting by a scalar exchange
are obtained in the framework of the explicitly covariant light-front dynamics.
The stability with respect to cutoff of the J$^{\pi}$=$0^+$ and J$^{\pi}$=$1^+$
states is studied. The solutions for J$^{\pi}$=$0^+$ are found to be stable for
coupling constants $\alpha={g^2\over4\pi}$ below the critical value
$\alpha_c\approx 3.72$ and unstable above it. The asymptotic behavior of the
wave functions is found to follow a ${1\over k^{2+\beta}}$ law. The coefficient
$\beta$ and the critical coupling constant $\alpha_c$ are calculated from an
eigenvalue equation. The binding energies for the J$^{\pi}$=$1^+$ solutions
diverge logarithmically with the cutoff for any value of the coupling constant.
For a wide range of cutoff, the states with different angular momentum
projections are weakly split.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41281 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Radiative Corrections to Parity-Violating Electroexcitation


  We analyze the degree to which parity-violating (PV) electroexcitation of the
$\Delta(1232)$ resonance may be used to extract the weak neutral axial vector
transition form factors. We find that the axial vector electroweak radiative
corrections are large and theoretically uncertain, thereby modifying the
nominal interpretation of the PV asymmetry in terms of the weak neutral form
factors. We also show that, in contrast to the situation for elastic electron
scattering, the axial $N\to\Delta$ PV asymmetry does not vanish at the photon
point as a consequence of a new term entering the radiative corrections. We
argue that an experimental determination of these radiative corrections would
be of interest for hadron structure theory, possibly shedding light on the
violation of Hara's theorem in weak, radiative hyperon decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83630 </DOCNO>
Coaxing Confidences from an Old Friend: Probabilistic Classifications


  Transformation-based learning has been successfully employed to solve many
natural language processing problems. It has many positive features, but one
drawback is that it does not provide estimates of class membership
probabilities.
  In this paper, we present a novel method for obtaining class membership
probabilities from a transformation-based rule list classifier. Three
experiments are presented which measure the modeling accuracy and cross-entropy
of the probabilistic classifier on unseen data and the degree to which the
output probabilities from the classifier can be used to estimate confidences in
its classification decisions.
  The results of these experiments show that, for the task of text chunking,
the estimates produced by this technique are more informative than those
generated by a state-of-the-art decision tree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127891 </DOCNO>
X-ray Properties of High Redshift Clusters


  We describe the ensemble X-ray properties of high redshift clusters with
emphasis on changes with respect to the local population. Cluster X-ray
luminosity evolution is detected in five nearly independent surveys. The
relevant issue now is characterizing this evolution. Cluster temperature
evolution provides constraints on the dark matter and dark energy content of
the universe. These constraints are complementary to and in agreement with
those of the cosmic microwave background and supernovae, showing that the
present universe is dominated by a dark energy. X-ray images show that most z >
0.75 clusters are not relaxed, hinting that the cluster formation epoch is z ~
1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5737 </DOCNO>
Calculation of dephasing times in closed quantum dots


  Dephasing of one-particle states in closed quantum dots is analyzed within
the framework of random matrix theory and Master equation. Combination of this
analysis with recent experiments on the magnetoconductance allows for the first
time to evaluate the dephasing times of closed quantum dots. These dephasing
times turn out to depend on the mean level spacing and to be significantly
enhanced as compared with the case of open dots. Moreover, the experimental
data available are consistent with the prediction that the dephasing of
one-particle states in finite closed systems disappears at low enough energies
and temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74455 </DOCNO>
The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment - Significance of the New Measurement


  Theoretical calculations of the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous
magnetic moment utilize experimental data from e+e- annhilation and tau decay.
The data provide input to a dispersion relation. I contend that it is not
possible to put error bounds on the dispersion-relation calculation absent
proof - not presently available - that the amplitudes in question are
polynomially bounded. Examples are provided. Additional pertinent references
have been added to an earlier version of this posting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86647 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity of spherical gravitational-wave detectors to a stochastic


  We analyze the signal-to-noise ratio for a relic background of scalar
gravitational radiation composed of massive, non-relativistic particles,
interacting with the monopole mode of two resonant spherical detectors. We find
that the possible signal is enhanced with respect to the differential mode of
the interferometric detectors. This enhancement is due to: {\rm (a)} the
absence of the signal suppression, for non-relativistic scalars, with respect
to a background of massless particles, and {\rm (b)} for flat enough spectra, a
growth of the signal with the observation time faster than for a massless
stochastic background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129641 </DOCNO>
LensCLEANing JVAS B0218+357 to determine H0


  We use the radio ring in JVAS B0218+357 to constrain the mass models with
LensCLEAN. H0 is determined from the resulting model and the time delay.
B0218+357 is one of the best systems to reduce systematic errors in H0 and may
thus be called a "golden lens".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98352 </DOCNO>
Non-semisimple Hopf Algebras of Dimension p^2


  Let H be a Hopf algebra of dimension pq over an algebraically closed field of
characteristic 0, where p <= q are odd primes. Suppose that S is the antipode
of H. If H is not semisimple, then S^{4p}=id_H and Tr(S^{2p}) is an integer
divisible by p^2. In particular, if dim H = p^2, we prove that H is isomorphic
to a Taft algebra. We then complete the classification for the Hopf algebras of
dimension p^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2650 </DOCNO>
Fock space localization, return probability, and conductance of


  We numerically simulate the low-energy properties of interacting electrons in
a random potential using the Hartree-Fock based exact diagonalization method.
In particular, we investigate how the transport properties are influenced by
the combined effects of disorder and correlations in the presence of the
electron spin. To this end we calculate the participation number of
many-particle states in Fock space, the return probability of single-particle
excitations, and the Kubo-Greenwood conductance. It turns out that in the
strongly localized regime interactions increase the conductance whereas for
weak disorder interactions decrease the conductance. In contrast,
single-particle excitations in general experience a localizing influence of the
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128860 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. X. X-ray Emission from Very Red


  The multi-wavelength properties of Very Red Objects (VROs; I-K>=4) are
largely unknown as many of these sources are optically faint (I>=24) and
undetected at most wavelengths. Here we provide constraints on the X-ray
properties of VROs using the 1 Ms Chandra exposure of an 8.4'x8.4' region
within the Hawaii Flanking-Field area containing the HDF-N. We find that VROs
detected in the hard band (2-8 keV) have flat X-ray spectral slopes (Gamma ~
0.9) and X-ray properties consistent with those expected from luminous obscured
AGN. The fraction of such sources in the K<=20.1 VRO population is ~14%.
Conversely, the average X-ray spectral slope of VROs detected in the soft band
(0.5-2 keV) but not in the hard band is comparatively steep (Gamma>1.4), and
the X-ray emission from these sources is consistent with that expected from
less energetic processes (i.e., star formation, low-luminosity AGN activity,
normal elliptical galaxy emission); star-formation and low-luminosity AGN
activity scenarios are favored in those sources with irregular optical
morphologies. Stacking analyses of the X-ray emission from VROs not
individually detected at X-ray energies yield significant detections (>=99%
confidence) in the soft band and the full band (0.5-8 keV). We find this X-ray
emission is produced predominantly by the optically brightest VROs. The
simplest explanation of this result is that we have detected the average X-ray
emission from non-active VROs with low X-ray-to-optical flux ratios [log(FX/FI)
~ -2]; this is consistent with that expected if the majority of these VROs are
~ M* elliptical galaxies. A number of VROs are also detected with mid-IR (15um)
and radio emission, and we provide constraints on the nature of this emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1262 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Roughness, Localization, and Globally Constrained Random Walks


  The scaling properties of a random walker subject to the global constraint
that it needs to visit each site an even number of times are determined. Such
walks are realized in the equilibrium state of one dimensional surfaces that
are subject to dissociative dimer-type surface dynamics. Moreover, they can be
mapped onto unconstrained random walks on a random surface, and the latter
corresponds to a non-Hermitian random free fermion model which describes
electron localization near a band edge. We show analytically that the dynamic
exponent of this random walk is $z=d+2$ in spatial dimension $d$. This explains
the anomalous roughness, with exponent $\alpha=1/3$, in one dimensional
equilibrium surfaces with dissociative dimer-type dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2078 </DOCNO>
Non-Collinear Magnetism due to Orbital Degeneracy and Multipolar


  The origin of non-collinear magnetism under quadrupolar ordering is
investigated with CeB6 taken as a target system. The mode-mixing effect among
15 multipoles is analyzed based on the Ginzburg-Landau free energy. Then the
lower magnetic transition temperature and the order parameters are derived
within the mean-field approximation. In the presence of pseudo-dipole-type
interactions for the next-nearest neighbors, the observed pattern of
non-collinear ordering is indeed stabilized for certain set of interaction
parameters. The stability of the phase III' in the magnetic field is also
explained, which points to the importance of the next-nearest-neighbor
octupole-octupole interaction. Concerning the phase IV in CexLa1-xB6 with x ~
0.75, a possibility of pure octupole ordering is discussed based on slight
modifications of the strength of interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1697 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour near the metal-insulator transition of a doped Mott


  We have studied the critical behaviour of a doped Mott insulator near the
metal-insulator transition for the infinite-dimensional Hubbard model using a
linearized form of dynamical mean-field theory. The discontinuity in the
chemical potential in the change from hole to electron doping, for $U$ larger
than a critical value $U_c$, has been calculated analytically and is found to
be in good agreement with the results of numerical methods. We have also
derived analytic expressions for the compressibility, the quasiparticle weight,
the double occupancy and the local spin susceptibility near half-filling as
functions of the on-site Coulomb interaction and the doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179533 </DOCNO>
$\Delta(1232)$ Isobar Excitations and the Ground State of Nuclei


  The influence of $\Delta$ isobar components on the ground state properties of
nuclear systems is investigated for nuclear matter as well as finite nuclei.
Many-body wave functions, including isobar configurations, and binding energies
are evaluated employing the framework of the coupled-cluster theory. It is
demonstrated that the effect of isobar configurations depends in a rather
sensitive way on the model used for the baryon-baryon interaction. As examples
for realistic baryon-baryon interactions with explicit inclusion of isobar
channels we use the local ($V28$) and non-local meson exchange potentials
(Bonn$_{2000}$) but also a model recently developed by the Salamanca group,
which is based on a quark picture. The differences obtained for the nuclear
observables are related to the treatment of the interaction, the $\pi$-exchange
contributions in particular, at high momentum transfers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76942 </DOCNO>
Color Superconductivity with Non-Degenerate Quarks


  In dense quark matter, the response of the color superconducting gaps to a
small variation, $\delta\mu$, in the chemical potential of the strange quark
was studied. The approximation of three massless flavors of quarks and a
general ansatz for the color flavor structure of the gap matrix was used. The
general pole structure of the quasi-particle propagator in this ansatz is
presented. The gap equation was solved using both an NJL interaction model and
perturbative single gluon exchange at moderate densities and results are
presented for varying values of $\delta\mu$. Quantitative and qualitative
differences in the dependence of the gaps on $\delta\mu$ were found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128172 </DOCNO>
Luminosity and Variability of Collimated Gamma-ray Bursts


  Within the framework of the internal shock model, we study the luminosity and
the variability in gamma-ray bursts from collimated fireballs. In particular we
pay attention to the role of the photosphere due to $e^\pm$ pairs produced by
internal shock synchrotron photons. It is shown that the observed Cepheid-like
relationship between the luminosity and the variability can be interpreted as a
correlation between the opening angle of the fireball jet and the mass included
at the explosion with a standard energy output. We also show that such a
correlation can be a natural consequence of the collapsar model. Using a
multiple-shell model, we numerically calculate the temporal profiles of
gamma-ray bursts. Collimated jets, in which the typical Lorentz factors are
higher than in wide jets, can produce more variable temporal profiles due to
smaller angular spreading time scales at the photosphere radius. Our
simulations quantitatively reproduce the observed correlation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114293 </DOCNO>
COSMIC - The SLAC COntrol System MIgration Challenge


  The current SLC control system was designed and constructed over 20 years
ago. Many of the technologies on which it was based are obsolete and difficult
to maintain. The VMS system that forms the core of the Control System is still
robust but third party applications are almost non-existent and its long-term
future is in doubt. The need for a Control System at SLAC that can support
experiments for the foreseeable future is not in doubt. The present B-Factory
or PEPII experiment is projected to run at least 10 years. An FEL laser of
unprecedented intensity plus an ongoing series of fixed target experiments is
also in our future. The Next Linear Collider or NLC may also be in our future
although somewhat farther distant in time. The NLC has performance requirements
an order of magnitude greater than anything we have built to date. In addition
to large numbers of IOCs and process variables, Physicists would like to
archive everything all the time. This makes the NLC Control System a bit like a
detector system as well. The NLC Control System will also need the rich suite
of accelerator applications that are available with the current SLC Control
System plus many more that are now only a glimmer in the eyes of Accelerator
Physicists. How can we migrate gradually away from the current SLC Control
System towards a design that will scale to the NLC while keeping everything
operating smoothly for the ongoing experiments?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124815 </DOCNO>
Dark Halos: The Flattening of the Density Cusp by Dynamical Friction


  N-body simulations and analytical calculations of the gravitational collapse
in an expanding universe predict that halos should form with a diverging inner
density profile, the cusp. There are some observational indications that the
dark matter distribution in galaxies might be characterized by a finite core.
This `core catastrophe' has prompted a search for alternatives to the CDM
cosmogony. It is shown here that the discrepancy between theory and
observations can be very naturally resolved within the standard CDM model,
provided that gas is not initially smoothly distributed in the dark matter
halo, but rather is concentrated in clumps of mass $\geq 0.01 %$ the total mass
of the system. Dynamical friction acting on these lumps moving in the
background of the dark matter particles, dissipates the clumps orbital energy
and deposits it in the dark matter. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, it is shown
that the dynamical friction provides a strong enough drag, and that with
realistic baryonic mass fractions, the available orbital energy of the clumps
is sufficient to heat the halo and turn the primordial cusp into a finite,
non-diverging core --- overcoming the competing effect of adiabatic contraction
due to gravitational influence of the shrinking baryonic component. Depending
on the initial conditions, the total density distribution may either become
more or less centrally concentrated. Possible consequences of the proposed
mechanism for other problems in the CDM model and for the formation and early
evolution of the baryonic component of galaxies are also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124503 </DOCNO>
Merging Timescales and Merger Rates of Star Clusters in Dense Star


  Interacting galaxies like the famous Antennae (NGC 4038/4039) or Stephan's
Quintet (HCG 92) show considerable star forming activity in their tidal arms.
High resolution images (e.g. from HST-observations) indicate that these regions
consist of up to hundreds of massive stellar clusters or tidal dwarf galaxies
(TDG). In this paper we want to investigate the future fate of these clusters
of massive star clusters (in this work called super-clusters). We simulate
compact super-clusters in the tidal field of a host-galaxy and investigate the
influence of orbital and internal parameters on the rate and timescale of the
merging process. We show that it is possible that such configurations merge and
build a dwarf galaxy, which could be an important mechanism of how long-lived
dwarf satellite galaxies form. A detailed study of the merger object will
appear in a follow-up paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5543 </DOCNO>
Generalized Einstein-relation for disordered semiconductors


  The ratio between mobility and diffusion parameters is derived for Gaussian
like density of states. This steady-state analysis is expected to be applicable
to a wide range of organic materials (polymers or small molecules) as it relies
on the existence of quasi-equilibrium only. Our analysis shows that there is an
inherent dependence of the transport in trap-free disordered organic-materials
on the charge density. Good agreement is found with detailed theoretical
studies (made by others) as well as experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87067 </DOCNO>
Quantum Creation of the Randall-Sundrum Bubble


  We investigate the semiclassical instability of the Randall-Sundrum brane
world. We carefully analyze the bubble solution with the Randall-Sundrum
background, which expresses the decay of the brane world. We evaluate the decay
probability following the Euclidean path integral approach to quantum gravity.
Since a bubble rapidly expands after the nucleation, the entire spacetime will
be occupied by such bubbles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74125 </DOCNO>
Final reheating temperature on a single brane


  We make a generic remark on thermal history of a single brane cosmology in
models with an infinitely large single extra dimension. We point out that the
reheat temperature of the Universe is bounded by an excess production of
gravitons from the thermal bath. The actual bound is given by the brane
tension. If the initial temperature of the Universe is larger than this bound,
then an efficient graviton production shall prevail. However, the brane cools
down gradually as the Kaluza-Klein gravitons take the energy in excess away
from the brane. The cooling continues until the radiation dominated phase is
restored, which occurs before the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We argue whatsoever
be the early evolution of the Universe, the final radiation dominated phase
always starts after the Universe transits from non-conventional era to the
standard cosmological era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97074 </DOCNO>
Two-transitive Lie groups


  Using a characterization of parabolics in reductive Lie groups due to
Furstenberg, elementary properties of buildings, and some algebraic topology,
we give a new proof of Tits' classification of 2-transitive Lie groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3175 </DOCNO>
Matching Conditions in Atomistic-Continuum Modeling of Materials


  A new class of matching condition between the atomistic and continuum regions
is presented for the multi-scale modeling of crystals. They ensure the accurate
passage of large scale information between the atomistic and continuum regions
and at the same time minimize the reflection of phonons at the interface. These
matching conditions can be made adaptive if we choose appropriate weight
functions. Applications to dislocation dynamics and friction between
two-dimensional atomically flat crystal surfaces are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123443 </DOCNO>
Constraints from the damping tail


  The detection of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background on arcminute
scales by the Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) provides us with our first
measurement of the damping tail and closes one chapter in the CMB story. We now
have experimental verification for all of the features in the temperature
anisotropy spectrum predicted theoretically two decades ago. The CBI result
allows us to constrain both parameterized models based on the inflationary cold
dark matter (CDM) paradigm and to examine model independent constraints on the
matter content, the distance to last scattering and the thickness of the last
scattering surface. By providing a lower limit on the duration of recombination
it implies a lower limit on the polarization of the sub-degree scale anisotropy
which is close to current experimental upper limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83872 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Regulation on Steroids: U.S. Competition Policy and Fiber to


  Fiber to the Home (FTTH) describes a set of emerging technologies with the
potential to affect competition in local access. On one hand, the high cost of
deploying fiber to the residence suggests limitations on facilities-based
competition among FTTH networks. On the other hand, FTTH opens up new
possibilities for service-level competition, defined as the sharing of a single
network infrastructure by multiple higher-layer service providers, whether of
the same or different services. Yet technology is hardly an exogenous factor
that independently shapes future local access competition; the regulatory
environment also plays a key role. By shaping expectations about future
competitive requirements, current regulations influence network operators'
deployment choices among competing FTTH technologies, as well as design choices
made by vendors and standards bodies for technologies still under
development.The current regulatory approach to FTTH is far from consistent.
Network operators likely to deploy FTTH include Incumbent Local Exchange
Carriers (ILECs), incumbent cable operators, competitive access providers
(including CLECs), independent telephone companies, and municipalities. This
paper reviews the rules related to service-level competition that apply to each
of these categories. In essence, the paper finds that if current regulatory
trends continue, asymmetries in the regulation of service-level competition
will be on steroids by the time FTTH starts being more commonly deployed.
Current regulatory requirements are either non-existent, or extremely detailed
and technology- and service- specific (e.g. UNEs). We argue that neither of
these approaches is likely to achieve the desired result for FTTH, given the
current state of flux in emerging FTTH technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124505 </DOCNO>
Optical observations of BL Lacertae from 1997 to 1999


  We present the optical (V, R, and I) photometry for BL Lacertae, which was
observed from 1997 through 1999, with the 1.56-m telescope at the Shanghai
astronomical observatory (SHAO). After the 1997 outburst, it dimmed to a low
state and then brightened again. During the period JD 2450701 to JD 2450701.5,
variations of 0.40mag, 0.27mag, and 0.21mag over a time scale of 100 minutes
were found for V, R, and I bands, suggesting that the variations were
decreasing with wavelength.
 The correlation between V, R, and I is also analyzed using the
 DCF (Discrete Correlation Function) method. This shows that the variability in
the V, R, and I bands are correlated with no time delay longer than 0.2 day.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126323 </DOCNO>
The Blazar Main Sequence


  We propose a sequence (the Blazar main sequence, BMS) that links the two main
components of the Blazar class, namely, the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and the
BL Lacertae objects, and yields all their distinctive features in a correlated
way. In this view, both type of sources are centered on a supermassive Kerr
hole close to maximal spin that produces a relativistic jet observed close to
the axis, and on the associated accretion disk that emits more isotropically.
But the FSRQs are energized by accretion at rates dm/dt ~ 1, and are dominated
by the disk components (thermal and electrodynamic jet-like component) which
provide outputs in excess of L ~ 10^46 erg/s. On the other hand, accretion
levels dm/dt << 1 are enough to energize the BL Lacs; here the radiation is
highly non-thermal and the power partly contributed by the rotational energy of
the central Kerr hole, with the latter and the disk together sustaining L ~
10^44 erg/s in the jet frame for several Gyrs. If so, we expect the BL Lacs to
show quite different evolutionary signatures from the FSRQs, and in particular,
number counts close to the Euclidean shape, or flatter if the sources make a
transition to the BL Lac from a FSRQ mode. In addition, for lower dm/dt along
the BMS, we expect the large scale electric fields to be less screened out, and
to accelerate fewer particles to higher energies with non-thermal radiations at
higher frequencies; so in moving from FSRQs to BL Lacs these non-thermal
radiations will peak at frequencies inversely correlated with the disk output.
For the BL Lacs such dependence implies increased scatter when one tries a
correlation with the total ouput. At its endpoint, the BMS suggests widespread
objects that are radiatively silent, but still efficient in accelerating cosmic
rays to ultra high energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149611 </DOCNO>
Metafluid dynamics as a gauge field theory


  In this paper, the analog of Maxwell electromagnetism for hydrodynamic
turbulence, the metafluid dynamics, is extended in order to reformulate the
metafluid dynamics as a gauge field theory. That analogy opens up the
possibility to investigate this theory as a constrained system. Having this
possibility in mind, we propose a Lagrangian to describe this new theory of
turbulence and, subsequently, analyze it from the symplectic point of view.
  From this analysis, a hidden gauge symmetry is revealed, providing a clear
interpretation and meaning of the physics behind the metafluid theory. Further,
the geometrical interpretation to the gauge symmetries is discussed and the
spectrum for 3D turbulence computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1158 </DOCNO>
Bipolarons in the Extended Holstein Hubbard Model


  We numerically and analytically calculate the properties of the bipolaron in
an extended Hubbard Holstein model, which has a longer range electron-phonon
coupling like the Fr\" ohlich model. In the strong coupling regime, the
effective mass of the bipolaron in the extended model is much smaller than the
Holstein bipolaron mass. In contrast to the Holstein bipolaron, the bipolaron
in the extended model has a lower binding energy and remains bound with
substantial binding energy even in the large-U limit. In comparison with the
Holstein model where only a singlet bipolaron is bound, in the extended
Holstein model a triplet bipolaron can also form a bound state. We discuss the
possibility of phase separation in the case of finite electron doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3926 </DOCNO>
Replica-symmetry breaking in dynamical glasses


  Systems of globally coupled logistic maps (GCLM) can display complex
collective behaviour characterized by the formation of synchronous clusters. In
the dynamical clustering regime, such systems possess a large number of
coexisting attractors and might be viewed as dynamical glasses. Glass
properties of GCLM in the thermodynamical limit of large system sizes $N$ are
investigated. Replicas, representing orbits that start from various initial
conditions, are introduced and distributions of their overlaps are numerically
determined. We show that for fixed-field ensembles of initial conditions, as
used in previous numerical studies, all attractors of the system become
identical in the thermodynamical limit up to variations of order $1/\sqrt{N}$
because the initial value of the coupling field is characterized by vanishing
fluctuations, and thus replica symmetry is recovered for $N\to \infty $. In
contrast to this, when random-field ensembles of initial conditions are chosen,
replica symmetry remains broken in the thermodynamical limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99181 </DOCNO>
Long iterations for the continuum


  We deal with an iteration theorem of forcing notion with a kind of countable
support of nice enough forcing notion which is proper aleph_2-c.c. forcing
notions. We then look at some special cases (Q_D 's preceded by random
forcing).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96623 </DOCNO>
The Uniqueness Theorem for Entanglement Measures


  We explore and develop the mathematics of the theory of entanglement
measures. After a careful review and analysis of definitions, of preliminary
results, and of connections between conditions on entanglement measures, we
prove a sharpened version of a uniqueness theorem which gives necessary and
sufficient conditions for an entanglement measure to coincide with the reduced
von Neumann entropy on pure states. We also prove several versions of a theorem
on extreme entanglement measures in the case of mixed states. We analyse
properties of the asymptotic regularization of entanglement measures proving,
for example, convexity for the entanglement cost and for the regularized
relative entropy of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114455 </DOCNO>
Is G a conversion factor or a fundamental unit?


  By using fundamental units c, h, G as conversion factors one can easily
transform the dimensions of all observables. In particular one can make them
all ``geometrical'', or dimensionless. However this has no impact on the fact
that there are three fundamental units, G being one of them. Only experiment
can tell us whether G is basically fundamental.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125660 </DOCNO>
Statistical models of nuclear level densities


  We present calculations of nuclear level densities that are based upon the
detailed microphysics of the interacting shell model yet are also
computationally tractable. To do this, we combine in a novel fashion several
previously disparate ideas from statistical spectroscopy, namely partitioning
of the model space into subspaces, analytic calculations of moments up to
fourth order directly from the two-body interaction, and Zuker's binomial
distribution. We get excellent agreement with full scale interacting shell
model calculations. We also calculate ``ab initio'' the level densities for
$^{29}$Si and $^{57}$Co and get reasonable agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97712 </DOCNO>
Monodromy of Hypersurface Singularities


  We describe algorithmic methods for the Gauss-Manin connection of an isolated
hypersurface singularity based on the microlocal structure of the Brieskorn
lattice. They lead to algorithms for computing invariants like the monodromy,
the spectrum, and the spectral pairs. These algorithms use a normal form
algorithm for the Brieskorn lattice, standard basis methods for localized
polynomial rings, and univariate factorization. We give a detailed description
of the algorithm to compute the monodromy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179667 </DOCNO>
Improved Nearside-Farside Decomposition of Elastic Scattering Amplitudes


  A simple technique is described, that provides improved nearside-farside (NF)
decompositions of elastic scattering amplitudes. The technique, involving the
resummation of a Legendre partial wave series, reduces the importance of
unphysical contributions to NF subamplitudes, which can arise in more
conventional NF decompositions. Applications are made to a strong absorption
model and to a $^{16}$O + $^{12}$C optical potential at $E_{\text{lab}} = 132$
MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126985 </DOCNO>
Simulating the X-ray Forest in a Lambda CDM Universe


  Numerical simulations predict that a large number of baryons reside in
intergalactic space at temperatures between 10^5-10^7 K. Highly-ionized metals,
such as O VII and O VIII, are good tracers of this ``warm-hot intergalactic
medium'', or WHIM. For collisionally-ionized gas, the ionization fraction of
each ion peaks at some particular temperature (``peak temperatures''), so
different ions can therefore trace the IGM at different temperatures. We
performed a hydrodynamic simulation to study the metal distributions in the
IGM. By studying the distribution functions of H- and He-like O, Si and Fe in a
collisionally-ionized IGM and comparing with semi-analytic results based on the
Press-Schechter formalism, we find: (1) ions with higher peak temperatures (for
instance, Fe XXVI) tend to concentrate around virialized halos, which can be
well described by the Press-Schechter distribution, ions with lower peak
temperatures are found both in small halos (such as groups of galaxies) and in
filaments; (2) lower peak temperature ions are more abundant and should be
easily observed; (3) peculiar velocities contribute a significant part to the
broadening of the resonant absorption lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149379 </DOCNO>
The Geometric Construction of WZW Effective Action in Non-commutative


  By constructing close one cochain density ${\Omega^1}_{2n}$ in the gauge
group space we get WZW effective Lagrangian on high dimensional non-commutative
space.Especially consistent anomalies derived from this WZW effective action in
non-commutative four-dimensional space coincides with those by L.Bonora
etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 841 </DOCNO>
Thermohydrodynamics for a van der Waals fluid


  Following a cell-method due to van Kampen for the calculation of a
coarse-grained free energy functional for the van der Waals gas, we compute a
corresponding entropy functional from microscopic principles. This entropy
functional is one of the building blocks of the recently developed GENERIC
framework. This framework allows to obtain in a thermodynamically consistent
way the continuum hydrodynamic equations for a fluid able to display
liquid-vapor coexistence. Surface tension appears naturally and the resulting
model describes interfaces as diffuse regions, much in the same spirit as the
gradient theory for equilibrium situations. We suggest that using interfacial
forces in the integral form obtained in the microscopic derivation instead of
third order derivatives of the density field might represent an advantage from
a computational point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76308 </DOCNO>
Vector meson properties from matching resonance saturation to a


  The low-energy coefficients of chiral perturbation theory are calculated in
two different models, namely (i) by assuming resonance saturation and (ii)
within a constituent quark model derived as the low energy effective theory of
the instanton model. By matching the expressions of the two models the
properties of the vector and axial-vector mesons can be calculated in the
combined large-N_c and chiral limit. In this way the KSFR relation as well as
the universality of the vector meson coupling is recovered. The latter is found
to be g = 2 pi. For the rho-meson mass one obtains m_rho = sqrt{8} pi F_pi =
826 MeV where F_pi denotes the pion decay constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73627 </DOCNO>
On vanishing of the factorizable $c\bar c$ contribution in the radiative


  We argue that the factorizable $c\bar c$ long- and short-distance
contributions to the $B\to K^*\gamma$ amplitude vanish, separately, if defined
in a gauge-invariant way. Therefore, the $c\bar c$ states contribute to the
radiative decay only through the non-factorizable soft-gluon exchanges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125333 </DOCNO>
Testing the Cosmic Coincidence Problem and the Nature of Dark Energy


  Dark energy models which alter the relative scaling behavior of dark energy
and matter could provide a natural solution to the cosmic coincidence problem -
why the densities of dark energy and dark matter are comparable today. A
generalized class of dark energy models is introduced which allows
non-canonical scaling of the ratio of dark matter and dark energy with the
Robertson-Walker scale factor a(t). Upcoming observations, such as a high
redshift supernova survey, application of the Alcock-Paczynski test to quasar
pairs, and cluster evolution, will strongly constrain the relative scaling of
dark matter and dark energy as well as the equation of state of the dark
energy. Thus, whether there actually is a coincidence problem, and the extent
of cosmic coincidence in the universe's recent past can be answered
observationally in the near future. Determining whether today is a special time
in the history of the universe will be a SNAP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114342 </DOCNO>
Computational Modeling in Support of the National Ignition Facilty


  Numerical simulation of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser
performance and automated control of the laser setup process are crucial to the
project's success. These functions will be performed by two closely coupled
computer code: the virtual beamline (VBL) and the laser performance operations
model (LPOM).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168738 </DOCNO>
On the geometry of entangled states


  The basic question that is addressed in this paper is finding the closest
separable state for a given entangled state, measured with the Hilbert Schmidt
distance. While this problem is in general very hard, we show that the
following strongly related problem can be solved: find the Hilbert Schmidt
distance of an entangled state to the set of all partially transposed states.
We prove that this latter distance can be expressed as a function of the
negative eigenvalues of the partial transpose of the entangled state, and show
how it is related to the distance of a state to the set of positive partially
transposed states (PPT-states). We illustrate this by calculating the closest
biseparable state to the W-state, and give a simple and very general proof for
the fact that the set of W-type states is not of measure zero. Next we show
that all surfaces with states whose partial transposes have constant minimal
negative eigenvalue are similar to the boundary of PPT states. We illustrate
this with some examples on bipartite qubit states, where contours of constant
negativity are plotted on two-dimensional intersections of the complete state
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76594 </DOCNO>
Moving Mirrors, Black Holes, Hawking Radiation and All That


  In this talk I show how to canonically quantize a massless scalar field in
the background of a Schwarzschild black hole in Lema\^itre coordinates and then
present a simplified derivation of Hawking radiation based upon this procedure.
The key result of quantization procedure is that the Hamiltonian of the system
is explicitly time dependent and so problem is intrinsically non-static. From
this it follows that, although a unitary time-development operator exists, it
is not useful to talk about vacuum states; rather, one should focus attention
on steady state phenomena such as the Hawking radiation. In order to clarify
the approximations used to study this problem I begin by discussing the related
problem of the massless scalar field theory calculated in the presence of a
moving mirror.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86598 </DOCNO>
Integrable cases of gravitating static isothermal fluid spheres


  It is shown that different approaches towards the solution of the Einstein
equations for a static spherically symmetric perfect fluid with a gamma-law
equation of state lead to an Abel differential equation of the second kind. Its
only integrable cases at present are flat spacetime, de Sitter solution and its
Buchdahl transform, Einstein static universe and the Klein-Tolman solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125450 </DOCNO>
Termination of planetary accretion due to gap formation


  The process of gap formation by a growing planetary embryo embedded in a
planetesimal disk is considered. It is shown that there exists a single
parameter characterizing this process, which represents the competition between
the gravitational influence of the embryo and planetesimal-planetesimal
scattering. For realistic assumptions about the properties of the planetesimal
disk and the planetary embryo, a gap is opened long before the embryo can
accrete all the bodies within its region of influence. The implication of this
result is that the embryo stops growing and, thus, large bodies formed during
the coagulation stage should be less massive than is usually assumed. For
conditions expected at 1 AU in the solar protoplanetary disk, gap formation is
expected to occur around bodies of mass < 10^24 g. The effect of protoplanetary
radial migration is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75023 </DOCNO>
Neutralinos in E_6 inspired supersymmetric U(1)' models


  The neutralino sector in E_6 inspired supersymmetric models with extra
neutral gauge bosons and singlet Higgs fields contains additional gaugino and
singlino states compared to the MSSM. We discuss the neutralino mixing in rank
5 and rank 6 models and analyze the supersymmetric parameter space where the
light neutralinos have mainly singlino or MSSM character. The neutralino
character, resonance effects of the new gauge bosons and, assuming mSUGRA-type
RGEs, different selectron masses lead to significant differences between the
MSSM and the extended models in neutralino production at an e^+e^- linear
collider. Beam polarization may improve the signatures to distinguish between
the models. In an appendix, we present the mass terms of the gauge bosons,
charginos and sfermions which show a significant different mass spectrum than
in the MSSM and give all relevant neutralino couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4502 </DOCNO>
Master Equation Approach to Molecular Motors


  A master equation approach to molecular motors allows to describe a
mechano-chemical cyclic system where chemical and translational degrees of
freedom are treated on an equal footing. A generalized detailed balance
condition in the out of equilibrium regime is shown to be compatible with the
Fokker-Planck equation in the continuum limit. The Onsager reciprocity
relations hold for stationary states close to equilibrium, provided the
generalized detailed balance condition is satisfied. Semi-phenomenological
considerations in the case of motor proteins lead to a discrete kinetics model,
for which interesting observable quantities can be directly calculated and
compared with experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127833 </DOCNO>
On the Masses of the Secondary Stars in CVs


  Recent theoretical efforts have made predictions for the masses of the
secondary stars in cataclysmic variables. Accurate observational determinations
for M$_2$ are sparse and typically have uncertainties near $\pm$0.1M$_{\odot}$.
How well do theory and observation agree?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40696 </DOCNO>
Searches at LEP


  Searches have been conducted for a broad range of new phenomena by the four
experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, and OPAL, at LEP2. Each experiment contributes
approximately 150 pb-1 of e+e- annihilation data with a mean sqrt(s) of 205.9
GeV in 2000 to these searches (data prepared for the September 5 LEPC meeting).
The statistical procedure for setting limits and evaluating the significance of
excesses observed in the data is reviewed. Search results are presented for the
Standard Model Higgs boson, the neutral Higgs bosons in the MSSM, charged Higgs
bosons, invisibly decaying Higgs bosons produced by Higgs-strahlung, and
fermiophobic Higgs bosons. Search results are briefly summarized for gauginos,
stops, and staus. The photon recoil spectrum is checked for hints of new
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125592 </DOCNO>
Five-year Monitorings of TeV Blazars with ASCA and RXTE


  We study the temporal/spectral variability of two extragalactic TeV sources,
Mrk 421 and Mrk 501, based on 5-year observations with the ASCA and RXTE
satellites. We found that the peak of the synchrotron emission exists just in
the X-ray band and its position shifted from lower to higher energy when the
source became brighter. Relationship between the peak energy and peak
luminosity showed quite different behavior in the two sources; Mrk 421 showed
very little change in the peak position (0.5-2 keV), while Mrk 501 revealed the
largest shift ever observed in blazars (1-100 keV). We analyze these X-ray data
with the flux changes in TeV band, which are obtained from 35 truly
simultateneous observations. Very different spectral evolution of both objects
indicates some differences in the electron acceleration mechanism at work
during the flares. We argue that the flux variability of Mrk 421 is associated
with an increase in the number of electrons, while the flare of Mrk 501 is
mostly due to the large changes in maximum energy of electrons. We also discuss
the characteristic temporal variability of TeV sources, and implications for
the X-ray emitting site in the relativistic jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72884 </DOCNO>
Hadron-Hadron Interactions in the Constituent Quark Model: Results and


  Hadronic interactions are discussed within the context of the constituent
quark model. The "Quark Born Diagram" methodology is outlined, extensive
applications to meson-meson and meson-baryon interactions are discussed, and
general features of these interactions are highlighted. The second half of this
document deals with shortcomings of the quark model approach and methods to
overcome them. These include relativistic kinematics, unitarity, nonlocal
potentials, coupled channel effects, and the chiral nature of the pion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114234 </DOCNO>
Comments on alternative calculations of the broadening of spectral lines


  With the exception of the sodium D-lines recent calculations of line
broadening cross-sections for several multiplets of sodium by Leininger et al
(2000) are in substantial disagreement with cross-sections interpolated from
the tables of Anstee and O'Mara (1995) and Barklem and O'Mara (1997). The
discrepancy is as large as a factor of three for the 3p-4d multiplet. The two
theories are tested by using the results of each to synthesize lines in the
solar spectrum. It is found that generally the data from the theory of Anstee,
Barklem and O'Mara produce the best match to the observed solar spectrum. It is
found, using a simple model for reflection of the optical electron by the
potential barrier between the two atoms, that the reflection coefficient is too
large for avoided crossings with the upper states of subordinate lines to
contribute to line broadening, supporting the neglect of avoided ionic
crossings by Anstee, Barklem and O'Mara for these lines. The large
discrepancies between the two sets of calculations is a result of an
approximate treatment of avoided ionic crossings for these lines by Leininger
et al (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41448 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Seesaw, Vacuum Structure and Electroweak Precision Constraints


  We present a complete study of the vacuum structure of Top Quark Seesaw
models of the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, including bottom quark mass
generation. Such models emerge naturally from extra dimensions. We perform a
systematic gap equation analysis and develop an improved broken phase
formulation for including exact seesaw mixings. The composite Higgs boson
spectrum is studied in the large-N_c fermion-bubble approximation and an
improved renormalization group approach. The theoretically allowed parameter
space is restrictive, leading to well-defined predictions. We further analyze
the electroweak precision constraints. Generically, a heavy composite Higgs
boson with a mass of ~1TeV is predicted, yet fully compatible with the
precision data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3368 </DOCNO>
A Novel 2D Folding Technique for Enhancing Fermi Surface Signatures in


  We present a novel technique for enhancing Fermi surface (FS) signatures in
the 2D distribution obtained after the 3D momentum density in a crystal is
projected along a specific direction in momentum space. These results are
useful for investigating fermiology via high resolution Compton scattering and
positron annihilation spectroscopies. We focus on the particular case of the
(110) projection in an fcc crystal where the standard approach based on the use
of the Lock-Crisp-West (LCW) folding theorem fails to give a clear FS image due
to the strong overlap with FS images obtained through projection from higher
Brillouin zones. We show how these superposed FS images can be disentangled by
using a selected set of reciprocal lattice vectors in the folding process. The
applicability of our partial folding scheme is illustrated by considering
Compton spectra from an Al-3at%Li disordered alloy single crystal. For this
purpose, high resolution Compton profiles along nine directions in the (110)
plane were measured. Corresponding highly accurate theoretical profiles in
Al-3at%Li were computed within the local density approximation (LDA)-based
Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker coherent potential approximation (KKR-CPA)
first-principles framework. A good level of overall accord between theory and
experiment is obtained, some expected discrepancies reflecting electron
correlation effects notwithstanding, and the partial folding scheme is shown to
yield a clear FS image in the (110) plane in Al-3%Li.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148038 </DOCNO>
Gravity Duals of Fractional Branes in Various Dimensions


  We derive type II supergravity solutions corresponding to space-filling
regular and fractional Dp branes on (9-p)-dimensional conical transverse
spaces. Fractional Dp-branes are wrapped D(p+2)-branes; therefore, our
solutions exist only if the base of the cone has a non-vanishing Betti number
b_2. We also consider 11-dimensional SUGRA solutions corresponding to regular
and fractional M2 branes on 8-dimensional cones whose base has a non-vanishing
b_3. (In this case a fractional M2-brane is an M5-brane wrapped over a
3-cycle.) We discuss the gauge theory intepretation of these solutions, as well
as of the solutions constructed by Cvetic et al. in hep-th/0011023 and
hep-th/0012011.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2556 </DOCNO>
New non-Fermi liquid type behavior given by a two-band system in normal


  We are reporting a new non-Fermi liquid type normal phase that has a well
defined Fermi energy, but without showing any non-regularity in the momentum
distribution function in the whole momentum space, the sharp Fermi momentum
concept being undefinable. The system contains a natural built in gap that is
visible in the physical properties of the system at nonzero temperatures. The
presence of a flat band in multiband interacting Fermi systems with more than
half filling is the key feature leading to such a ground state, which is not
restricted to one spatial dimension and emerges in the proximity of an
insulating phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76884 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Evolution of the Nucleon Mass and the Electroweak


  Starting from astrophysical indications that the fine structure constant
might undergo a small cosmological time shift, we discuss the implications of
such an effect from the point of view of particle physics. Grand unification
implies small time shifts for the nucleon mass, the magnetic moment of the
nucleon and the weak coupling constant as well. The relative change of the
nucleon mass is about 40 times larger than the relative change of alpha.
Laboratory measurements using very advanced methods in quantum optics might
soon reveal small time shifts of the nucleon mass, the magnetic moment of the
nucleon and the fine structure constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99010 </DOCNO>
Trigonometry of 'complex Hermitian' type homogeneous symmetric spaces


  This paper contains a thorough study of the trigonometry of the homogeneous
symmetric spaces in the Cayley-Klein-Dickson family of spaces of 'complex
Hermitian' type and rank-one. The complex Hermitian elliptic CP^N and
hyperbolic CH^N spaces, their analogues with indefinite Hermitian metric and
some non-compact symmetric spaces associated to SL(N+1,R) are the generic
members in this family. The method encapsulates trigonometry for this whole
family of spaces into a single "basic trigonometric group equation", and has
'universality' and '(self)-duality' as its distinctive traits. All previously
known results on the trigonometry of CP^N and CH^N follow as particular cases
of our general equations. The physical Quantum Space of States of any quantum
system belongs, as the complex Hermitian space member, to this parametrised
family; hence its trigonometry appears as a rather particular case of the
equations we obtain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5401 </DOCNO>
Analysis of DNA chains by means of factorial moments


  By means of the concept of Factorial Moments we examine DNA sequences from
Yeast to distinguish coding and non-coding regions. It is found that the FM may
be a powerful tool for analysis of DNA sequences. PACS numbers:
87.15.Cc,87.10.+e,87.14.Gg

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168304 </DOCNO>
Quantum measurements, Information, and Dual States Representations


  The quantum measurement problem considered for the model of measuring system
(MS) consist of measured state S (particle), detector D and information
processing device (observer) $O$ interacting with S,D.
  For 'external' observer $O'$ MS evolution obeys to Schrodinger equation (SE)
and $O$ (self)description of MS reconstructed from it in Breuer ansatz. MS
irreversible evolution (state collapse) for $O$ can be obtained if the true
quantum states manifold has the dual structure $L_T=\cal {H} \bigotimes L_V$
where $\cal H$ is Hilbert space and $\cal L_V$ is the set with elements
$V^O=|O_j> < O_j|$ describing random 'pointer' outcomes $O_j$ observed by $O$
in the individual events. Possible experimental tests of this dual states
structure described. The results interpretation in Quantum Information
framework and Relational Quantum Mechanics discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4341 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic chemical and structural inhomogeneity in lightly doped


  X-ray absorption fine structure measurements of the Sr and La K edges of the
solid solution La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3) reveal a consistent deviation from a random
distribution of Sr at the La/Sr sites for x~0.3. Local structural disorder on
the cation sublattice in the low-x samples is also observed to differ in the
vicinity of the La-rich and Sr-rich clusters. The local clustering and
structural disorder establish an intrinsic chemical as well as structural
inhomogeneity on the nanometer scale, which may provide a mechanism for the
nucleation of magnetoelectronic phase separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81026 </DOCNO>
Lattice instanton action from 3D SU(2) Georgi-Glashow model


  3D Georgi-Glashow model is studied on the lattice in the London limit in an
infrared but an intermediate region before the screening appears. Abelian and
instanton dominances are observed after abelian projections in a unitary gauge
and roughly in the maximally abelian gauge. Using an inverse Monte-Carlo
method, we determine an effective instanton action in both gauges. When we
restrict ourselves to some regions of parameters $\beta$ and $\kappa$, we
obtain an almost perfect instanton action, performing a block-spin
transformation on the dual lattice. It takes a form of a Coulomb gas and
reproduces fairly well the string tension obtained analytically by Polyakov.
The almost perfect actions in both gauges look the same in the infrared region,
which suggests gauge independence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74096 </DOCNO>
Chiral Corrections to Matrix Elements of Twist-2 Operators


  We compute the leading non-analytic contributions of the form m_q Log(m_q) to
matrix elements of twist-2 operators in the nucleon and pion using effective
field theory. Previously omitted one-loop contributions that are related to
tree-level matrix elements by chiral symmetry are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81380 </DOCNO>
PJLZ--gauge fixing approach in SU(2) lattice gauge theory


  We study the SU(2) gauge theory with the interpolating gauge {\it a la}
Parrinello--Jona-Lasinio--Zwanziger (PJLZ) with the gauge fixing functional
$F=\sum_{x\mu} {1/2}\tr (U_{x\mu}\sigma_3U_{x\mu}^{\dagger}\sigma_3)$. We find
a strong indication of the non--analiticity with respect to the interpolating
parameter $\lambda$ at $\lambda_c \sim 0.8$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123622 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Distribution of Galaxies Between Halos


  We develop a method to measure the probability, P(N;M), of finding N galaxies
in a dark-matter halo of mass M from the theoretically determined clustering
properties of dark-matter halos and the observationally measured clustering
properties of galaxies. Knowledge of this function and the distribution of the
dark matter completely specifies all clustering properties of galaxies on
scales larger than the size of dark-matter halos. Furthermore, P(N;M) provides
strong constraints on models of galaxy formation, since it depends upon the
merger history of dark-matter halos and the galaxy-galaxy merger rate within
halos. We show that measurements from a combination of the 2MASS and SDSS or
2dFGRS datasets will allow P(N;M) averaged over halos occupied by bright
galaxies to be accurately measured for N=0-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97620 </DOCNO>
On efficiency of critical-component method for solving singular and


  Results are expoundd for the investigation of efficiency of the
critical-component method for solving degenerate and ill-posed systems of
linear algebraic equations

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96747 </DOCNO>
A fixed point formula of Lefschetz type in Arakelov geometry II: a


  This is the second of a series of papers dealing with an analog in Arakelov
geometry of the holomorphic Lefschetz fixed point formula. We use the main
result of the first paper to prove a residue formula "`a la Bott" for
arithmetic characteristic classes living on arithmetic varieties acted upon by
a diagonalisable torus; recent results of Bismut-Goette on the equivariant
(Ray-Singer) analytic torsion play a key role in the proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 218 </DOCNO>
Spin Polarization of Two-Dimensional Electrons Determined from


  Recent experiments in the two dimensional electron systems in silicon MOSFETs
have shown that the in-plane magnetic field $H_{sat}$ required to saturate the
conductivity to its high-field value and the magnetic field $H_s$ needed to
completely align the spins of the electrons are comparable. By small-angle
Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation measurements that allow separate determinations
of the spin-up and spin-down subband populations, we show that $H_{sat}=H_s$ to
an accuracy of 5% for electron densities $n_s > 3 \times 10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41539 </DOCNO>
Study of rare and hadronic B decays in BABAR


  We present results from BABAR experiment for the measurement of inclusive and
exclusive branching fractions of B mesons into final states containing
$J/\psi$, $\psi(2S)$ and $\chi_c$. The contributions of CP even and odd
amplitudes in the decay $B^0 \to J/\psi K^{*0}$ are determined from an angular
analysis. We report the measurements of the branching ratios $B^0 \to
D^{*+}D^{*-}$ and $D^{*+}D^{*-}K^0_S$, and the study of exclusive two-body and
quasi-two-body charmless decays. The branching fraction of the decay $B^0 \to
K^{*0} \gamma$ has been determined and the corresponding CP asymmetry has been
measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149124 </DOCNO>
(A)dS Backgrounds from Asymmetric Orientifolds


  I present asymmetric orientifold models which, with the addition of RR
fluxes, fix all the NS NS moduli including the dilaton. In critical string
theory, this gives new AdS backgrounds with (discretely tunably) weak string
coupling. Extrapolating to super-critical string theory, this construction
leads to a promising candidate for a metastable de Sitter background with
string coupling of order 1/10 and dS radius of order 100 times the string
scale. Extrapolating further to larger and larger super-critical dimension
suggests the possibility of finding de Sitter backgrounds with weaker and
weaker string coupling. This note is an updated version of the last part of my
Strings 2001 talk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76389 </DOCNO>
A simple model to explain narrow nucleon resonances below the \pi N


  Several experiments suggest the existence of narrow excited states in the
nucleon below the \pi N threshold. Taking all information together a series of
states emerges at masses of 940, 966, 985, 1003, m_4, 1044, m_6, 1094 MeV above
the nucleon ground state at 940 MeV with m_4 and m_6 missing. A model based on
the excitation of collective states of the quark condensate is proposed
explaining these states as multiple production of a ``genuine'' Goldstone Boson
with a mass of \approx 20 MeV. The model also accounts in a natural way for the
non-observation of m_4 and m_6. It suggests an explanation of the mass gap
problem of the hadronic spectrum and a confinement mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86704 </DOCNO>
The Origin of the Electromagnetic Interaction in Einstein's Unified


  Einstein's unified field theory is extended by the addition of matter terms
in the form of a symmetric energy tensor and of two conserved currents. From
the field equations and from the conservation identities emerges the picture of
a gravoelectrodynamics in a dynamically polarizable Riemannian continuum.
Through an approximate calculation exploiting this dynamical polarizability it
is argued that ordinary electromagnetism may be contained in the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86539 </DOCNO>
An alternative derivation of the gravitomagnetic clock effect


  The possibility of detecting the gravitomagnetic clock effect using
artificial Earth satellites provides the incentive to develop a more intuitive
approach to its derivation. We first consider two test electric charges moving
on the same circular orbit but in opposite directions in orthogonal electric
and magnetic fields and show that the particles take different times in
describing a full orbit. The expression for the time difference is completely
analogous to that of the general relativistic gravitomagnetic clock effect in
the weak-field and slow-motion approximation. The latter is obtained by
considering the gravitomagnetic force as a small classical non-central
perturbation of the main central Newtonian monopole force. A general expression
for the clock effect is given for a spherical orbit with an arbitrary
inclination angle. This formula differs from the result of the general
relativistic calculations by terms of order c^{-4}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83669 </DOCNO>
On the Area of Hypercube Layouts


  This paper precisely analyzes the wire density and required area in standard
layout styles for the hypercube. The most natural, regular layout of a
hypercube of N^2 nodes in the plane, in a N x N grid arrangement, uses
floor(2N/3)+1 horizontal wiring tracks for each row of nodes. (The number of
tracks per row can be reduced by 1 with a less regular design.) This paper also
gives a simple formula for the wire density at any cut position and a full
characterization of all places where the wire density is maximized (which does
not occur at the bisection).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76806 </DOCNO>
Constraints on mSUGRA and SUSY particle production at future $e^+e^-$


  We perform a complete analysis of the supersymmetric particle spectrum in the
Minimal Supergravity (mSUGRA) model. We show that present constraints on the
Higgs boson and superparticle masses from collider searches and precision
measurements still allow for large regions of the mSUGRA parameter space where
some sparticles as well as the heavier Higgs particles, are light enough to be
produced at the next generation of $e^+e^-$ linear colliders. An important part
of this parameter space remains even when we require that the density of the
lightest neutralinos left over from the Big Bang falls in the range favored by
current determinations of the Dark Matter density in the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168771 </DOCNO>
Simulation and reversal of n-qubit Hamiltonians using Hadamard matrices


  The ability to simulate one Hamiltonian with another is an important
primitive in quantum information processing. In this paper, a simulation method
for arbitrary $\sigma_z \otimes \sigma_z$ interaction based on Hadamard
matrices (quant-ph/9904100) is generalized for any pairwise interaction. We
describe two applications of the generalized framework. First, we obtain a
class of protocols for selecting an arbitrary interaction term in an n-qubit
Hamiltonian. This class includes the scheme given in quant-ph/0106064v2.
Second, we obtain a class of protocols for inverting an arbitrary, possibly
unknown n-qubit Hamiltonian, generalizing the result in quant-ph/0106085v1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4131 </DOCNO>
Temperature-dependent relaxation times in a trapped Bose-condensed gas


  Explicit expressions for all the transport coefficients have recently been
found for a trapped Bose condensed gas at finite temperatures. These transport
coefficients are used to define the characteristic relaxation times, which
determine the crossover between the mean-field collisionless and the two-fluid
hydrodynamic regime. These relaxation times are evaluated as a function of the
position in the trap potential. We show that all the relaxation times are
dominated by the collisions between the condensate and the non-condensate
atoms, and are much smaller than the standard classical collision time used in
most of the current literature. The 1998 MIT study of the collective modes at
finite temperature is shown to have been well within the two-fluid hydrodynamic
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129335 </DOCNO>
Archeops: A balloon experiment to measure CMB anisotropies with a broad


  The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is the oldest photon radiation that
can be observed, having been emitted when the Universe was about 300,000 year
old. It is a blackbody at 2.73 K, and is almost perfectly isotropic, the
anisotropies being about one part to 100,000. However, these anisotropies,
detected by the COBE satellite in 1992, constrain the cosmological parameters
such as the curvature of the Universe.
  Archeops is a balloon-borne experiment designed to map these anisotropies.
The instrument is composed of a 1.5 m telescope and bolometers cooled at 85 mK
to detect radiation between 150 and 550 GHz. To lower atmosphere parasitic
signal, the instrument is lifted at 32 km altitude with a stratospheric balloon
during the arctic night. This instrument is also a preparation for the Planck
satellite mission, as its design is similar.
  We discuss here the results of the first scientific flight from Esrange (near
Kiruna, Sweden) to Russia on January 29th 2001, which led to a 22 %
(sub)millimetre sky coverage unprecedented at this resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75168 </DOCNO>
Hadronic B Decays to Charmless VT Final States


  Charmless hadronic decays of B mesons to a vector meson (V) and a tensor
meson (T) are analyzed in the frameworks of both flavor SU(3) symmetry and
generalized factorization. We also make comments on B decays to two tensor
mesons in the final states. Certain ways to test validity of the generalized
factorization are proposed, using $B \to VT$ decays. We calculate the branching
ratios and CP asymmetries using the full effective Hamiltonian including all
the penguin operators and the form factors obtained in the non-relativistic
quark model of Isgur, Scora, Grinstein and Wise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3149 </DOCNO>
A first-principles study of MgB2 (0001) surfaces


  We report self-consistent {\it ab initio} calculations of structural and
electronic properties for the B- and Mg-terminated MgB$_{2}$ (0001) surfaces.
We employ ultra-soft pseudopotentials and plane wave basis sets within the
generalized gradient approximation. The surface relaxations are found to be
small for both B- and Mg-terminated surfaces. For the B-terminated surface,
both B ${\sigma}$ and ${\pi}$ surface bands appear, while only one B ${\pi}$
surface band exists near the Fermi level for the Mg-terminated surface. The
superconductivity of the MgB$_2$ surfaces is discussed. The work function is
predicted to be 5.95 and 4.25 eV for the B- and Mg-terminated surfaces
respectively. The simulated scanning tunneling microscopy images of the
surfaces are not sensitive to the sign and value of the bias voltages, but
depend strongly on the tip-sample distance. An image reversal is predicted for
the Mg-terminated surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126018 </DOCNO>
Propagation of UHECRs from the Sources in the Super-Galactic Plane


  We have performed the detailed numerical simulations on the propagation of
the UHE protons in the energy range $E=(10^{19.5} - 10^{22.0}$) eV in the
relatively strong extra-galactic magnetic field with strength $B= (10, 100)$ nG
within about 40 Mpc. In this case, the deflection angles of UHECRs become so
large that the no counterparts problem is simply solved. As for the source
distribution, we assumed that it is proportional to the number distribution of
galaxies within the GZK sphere. We have found many clusters, which mean the
small-scale anisotropy, in our simulations. It has been also shown that the
observed energy spectrum is well reproduced in our models without any
fine-tuned parameter. We have used the correlation value in order to
investigate statistically the similarity between the distribution of arrival
directions of UHECRs and that of galaxies. We have found that each correlation
value for each parameter set begins to converge when the number of the detected
events becomes ${\large O}(10^3)$. Since the expected number counts by the
experiment of the next generation such as TA, HiRes, Auger, and EUSO are
thought to be the order of $10^3$, we will be able to determine the source
distribution and values of the parameters in this study in the very near
future. Compared with the AGASA data, the significant anisotropy on the arrival
directions of UHECRs are found in the analysis of first and second harmonics.
This may originate from the incompleteness of the ORS database. This problem
may be also solved if the source distribution is slightly changed. For example,
this problem may be solved if we assume that UHECRs come from some of the
galaxies such as AGNs and radio galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98165 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Paths in Cartesian Powers of Directed Cycles


  The vertex set of the kth cartesian power of a directed cycle of length m can
be naturally identified with the set of k-tuples of integers modulo m. For any
two vertices v and w of this graph, it is easy to see that if there is a
hamiltonian path from v to w, then the sum of the coordinates of v is
congruent, modulo m, to one more than the sum of the coordinates of w. We prove
the converse, unless k = 2 and m is odd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169057 </DOCNO>
Quantum interference in optical fields and atomic radiation


  We discuss the connection between quantum interference effects in optical
beams and radiation fields emitted from atomic systems. We illustrate this
connection by a study of the first- and second-order correlation functions of
optical fields and atomic dipole moments. We explore the role of correlations
between the emitting systems and present examples of practical methods to
implement two systems with non-orthogonal dipole moments. We also derive
general conditions for quantum interference in a two-atom system and for a
control of spontaneous emission. The relation between population trapping and
dark states is also discussed. Moreover, we present quantum dressed-atom models
of cancellation of spontaneous emission, amplification on dark transitions,
fluorescence quenching and coherent population trapping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148027 </DOCNO>
Gauging of N=2 Supergravity Hypermultiplet and Novel Renormalization


  We provide the explicit gauging of all the SU(2,1) isometries of one N=2
supergravity hypermultiplet, which spans SU(2,1)/U(2) coset space parameterized
in terms of two complex projective coordinate fields z_1 and z_2. We derive the
full, explicit Killing prepotential that specifies the most general
superpotential. As an application we consider the supersymmetric flow
(renormalization group) equations for: (i) the flow from a null singularity to
the flat, supersymmetric space-time and (ii) the flow that violates c-theorem
with the superpotential crossing zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148713 </DOCNO>
The Landau problem and noncommutative quantum mechanics


  The conditions under which noncommutative quantum mechanics and the Landau
problem are equivalent theories is explored. If the potential in noncommutative
quantum mechanics is chosen as $V= \Omega \aleph$ with $\aleph$ defined in the
text, then for the value ${\tilde \theta} = 0.22 \times 10^{-11} cm^2$ (that
measures the noncommutative effects of the space), the Landau problem and
noncommutative quantum mechanics are equivalent theories in the lowest Landau
level. For other systems one can find differents values for ${\tilde \theta}$
and, therefore, the possible bounds for ${\tilde \theta}$ should be searched in
a physical independent scenario. This last fact could explain the differents
bounds for $\tilde \theta$ found in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74175 </DOCNO>
A New Formulation for HQET


  We proposed a new formulation for heavy quark effective theory (HQET), whose
Lagrangian is hermitian and has a manifest reparameterization invariance. As an
application, we calculated the semileptonic and nonleptonic inclusive heavy
hadron decay rates up to second order mass corrections and found that there are
no kinetic energy correction terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95789 </DOCNO>
A Banach space with a symmetric basis which is of weak cotype 2 but not


  We prove that the symmetric convexified Tsirelson space is of weak cotype 2
but not of cotype 2

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126288 </DOCNO>
Violation of Lorentz Invariance and neutral component of UHECR


  The observed clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays suggests the
existence of a neutral component. The models with violation of Lorentz
invariance may explain this component by neutrons becoming stable above some
threshold energy E_0. The protons, in turn, may become unstable above some
energy E_1>E_0. We calculate the dependence of the threshold energies E_0 and
E_1 on the parameters of the model and find E_1/E_0\gsim 1.5. We argue that the
characteristic threshold behavior of charged and neutral components may be used
as the specific signature of models with violation of Lorentz invariance. The
existence of the neutron stability threshold E_0 can be investigated with
already existing data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5272 </DOCNO>
Transport properties of MgB2


  In this paper we present the resistivity, the Seebeck effect, and the thermal
conductivity measurements on a MgB2 sintered sample. Such transport properties
highlight the role of the junctions between the grains to a different extent.
In particular, the temperature dependence of resistivity may be explained with
the assumption that grain boundaries have a resistance, independent of
temperature, in series with the resistance of grains. Also the behaviour of the
Seebeck effect, as long as the scattering at the grain boundaries is elastic,
is not affected at all by granularity. Thus, the thermopower can be a useful
tool to provide information on the electronic structure. On the other hand, the
grain boundary resistance affects the thermal conductivity strongly, masking
the superconducting transition completely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6445 </DOCNO>
Current transport in a superconducting superlattice system


  We investigate the effect of the superlattice structure on the single
particle transport along the c-axis of high temperature superconductors. In
particular, superlattice systems that consists of metals/insulators and d-wave
superconductors (NS/IS superlattice) are considered. We find that for the NS
superlattice in the large mass anisotropy limit of the metal, the density of
state in the low energy section is bulk d-wave like except that the position of
the quasi-particle peak can be considerably smaller than the gap value, while
for the IS superlattice, the quasi-particle peak remains at the gap value. We
also calculate the nonlinear differential conductance in the planar junction
measurement. It is found that the width of the Andreev peak at zero-bias may be
affected strongly by the superlattice structure, specifically, it can be
considerably reduced due to the destructive interference of the Andreev
reflections from all the superconductors. Such a reduction in the width makes
the Andreev peak resonant-like and has been observed in a recent experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128152 </DOCNO>
Supernova Interaction with a Circumstellar Medium


  The explosion of a core collapse supernova drives a powerful shock front into
the wind from the progenitor star. A layer of shocked circumstellar gas and
ejecta develops that is subject to hydrodynamic instabilities. The hot gas can
be observed directly by its X-ray emission, some of which is absorbed and
re-radiated at lower frequencies by the ejecta and the circumstellar gas.
Synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons accelerated at the shock
fronts provides information on the mass loss density if free-free absorption
dominates at early times or the size of the emitting region if synchrotron
self-absorption dominates. Analysis of the interaction leads to information on
the density and structure of the ejecta and the circumstellar medium, and the
abundances in these media. The emphasis here is on the physical processes
related to the interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75420 </DOCNO>
Progress in Absorber R&D 2: Windows


  A program is underway to develop liquid-hydrogen energy absorbers for
ionization cooling of muon-beam transverse emittance. Minimization of
multiple-scattering-induced beam heating requires thin windows. The first
window prototype has been destructively tested, validating the
finite-element-analysis model and the design approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84065 </DOCNO>
A Data Mining Framework for Optimal Product Selection in Retail


  In recent years, data mining researchers have developed efficient association
rule algorithms for retail market basket analysis. Still, retailers often
complain about how to adopt association rules to optimize concrete retail
marketing-mix decisions. It is in this context that, in a previous paper, the
authors have introduced a product selection model called PROFSET. This model
selects the most interesting products from a product assortment based on their
cross-selling potential given some retailer defined constraints. However this
model suffered from an important deficiency: it could not deal effectively with
supermarket data, and no provisions were taken to include retail category
management principles. Therefore, in this paper, the authors present an
important generalization of the existing model in order to make it suitable for
supermarket data as well, and to enable retailers to add category restrictions
to the model. Experiments on real world data obtained from a Belgian
supermarket chain produce very promising results and demonstrate the
effectiveness of the generalized PROFSET model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97082 </DOCNO>
Cayley 4-frames and a quaternion-K\"ahler reduction related to Spin(7)


  We describe an action of $U(1)\times Sp(1)$ on $HP^7$ that allows to obtain a
$Z_2$-quotient of CAYLEY (the Grassmannian of oriented 4-planes in $R^8$ closed
under the three-fold cross product) by quaternionic K\"ahler reduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148995 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal regularization of abelian models with spontaneous symmetry


  We demonstrate how nonlocal regularization is applied to gauge invariant
models with spontaneous symmetry breaking. Motivated by the ability to find a
nonlocal BRST invariance that leads to the decoupling of longitudinal gauge
bosons from physical amplitudes, we show that the original formulation of the
method leads to a nontrivial relationship between the nonlocal form factors
that can appear in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129187 </DOCNO>
The black hole mass of BL Lacs from stellar velocity dispersion of the


  We present the first results from our on-going program to estimate black hole
masses [M(BH)] of nearby BL Lac objects. The estimates are based on stellar
velocity dispersion (sigma) of the BL Lac host galaxies from optical
spectroscopy, and the recently found tight correlation between M{BH} and sigma
in nearby early-type galaxies. For the first three BL Lacs, we find log M(BH) =
7.5 - 8.7 and M(BH)/M(host) = 0.03 - 0.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149566 </DOCNO>
Testing the $\alpha'{}^3$ term in the non-abelian open superstring


  Recently, a proposal for the full non-abelian open superstring effective
action through ${\cal O}(\alpha'{}^3)$ has been formulated in {\tt
hep-th/0108169}. We test this result by calculating the spectrum in the
presence of constant magnetic background fields and by comparing the result to
string theoretic predictions. The agreement is perfect. Other proposals for the
superstring effective action through this order do not reproduce the spectrum
correctly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75493 </DOCNO>
Leptonic Flavor and CP Violation


  We discuss how neutrino oscillation experiments can probe new sources of
leptonic flavor and CP violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168963 </DOCNO>
Joint measurement and state reduction


  I prove a general joint measurement formula and a general state reduction
formula from a plausible physical assumption. I give an example of a POVM which
is not experimentally realizable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1651 </DOCNO>
Mixing of $d_{x^2-y^2}$ and $d_{xy}$ superconducting states for


  We investigate the solution of the gap equation for mixed order parameter
symmetry states as a function of filling using a two-dimensional tight-binding
model incorporating second-neighbor hopping for tetragonal and orthorhombic
lattice. The principal (major) component of the order parameter is taken to be
of the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ type. As suggested in several investigations the minor
component of the order parameter is taken to be of the $d_{xy}$ type. Both the
permissible mixing angles 0 and $\pi /2$ between the two components are
considered. As a function of filling pronounced maxima of $d_{x^2-y^2}$ order
parameter is accompanied by minima of the $d_{xy}$ order parameter. At fixed
filling, the temperature dependence of the two components of the order
parameter is also studied in all cases. The variation of critical temperature
$T_c$ with filling is also studied and $T_c$ is found to increase with
second-neighbor hopping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73818 </DOCNO>
TeV scale unification in four dimensions versus extra dimensions


  The gauge coupling constant unification at the low ($O$(TeV)) scale can be
obtained just in four dimensions, without help of the power like
renormalization group evolution in extra dimensions, due to the presence of
some extra particle states at intermediate scales. We show explicit examples of
such extra states in the range of 100 GeV -- 1 TeV which can be easily observed
on future colliders and can have important impact on the particle
phenomenology. The problems of the low scale grand unification and proton
stability are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168879 </DOCNO>
Atomic scattering from Bose-Einstein condensates


  Elastic scattering probes directly the interaction potential. For weakly
interacting condensates this potential is given by the condensate density. We
investigate how the differential and total cross sections reflect the density.
In particular, we have determined which signatures the Thomas Fermi
approximation leaves in contrast to an exact solution for the condensate wave
function within the Gross-Pitaevskii theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127184 </DOCNO>
Optical and radio variability of the BL Lac object AO 0235+16: a


  New optical and radio data on the BL Lacertae object AO 0235+16 have been
collected in the last four years by a wide international collaboration, which
confirm the intense activity of this source. The optical data also include the
results of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) first-light campaign
organized in November 1997. The optical spectrum is observed to basically
steepen when the source gets fainter. We have investigated the existence of
typical variability time scales and of possible correlations between the
optical and radio emissions by means of visual inspection, Discrete Correlation
Function analysis, and Discrete Fourier Transform technique. The major radio
outbursts are found to repeat quasi-regularly with a periodicity of about 5.7
years; this period is also in agreement with the occurrence of some of the
major optical outbursts, but not all of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129321 </DOCNO>
Time-Dependent, Multifluid, Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Waves with Grain


  This is the first in a series of papers on the effects of dust on the
formation, propagation, and structure of nonlinear MHD waves and MHD shocks in
weakly-ionized plasmas. We model the plasma as a system of 9 interacting
fluids, consisting of the neutral gas, ions, electrons, and 6 grain fluids
comprised of very small grains or PAHs and classical grains in different charge
states. We formulate the governing equations for perpendicular shocks under
approximations appropriate for dense molecular clouds, protostellar cores, and
protoplanetary disks. We describe a code that obtains numerical solutions using
a finite difference method, and estabish its accuracy by comparing numerical
and exact solutions for special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98345 </DOCNO>
Gonality and Clifford Index of curves on $K3$ Surfaces


  We show that every possible value for the Clifford index and gonality of a
curve of a given genus on a $K3$ surface occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76211 </DOCNO>
Gauged Fermionic Q-balls


  We present a new model for a non-topological soliton (NTS) that contains
fermions, scalar particles and a gauge field. Using a variational approach, we
estimate the energy of the localized configuration, showing that it can be the
lowest energy state of the system for a wide range of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6181 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Study of Quantum Vortex-Glass Transition Field in


  The position of a field-tuned superconductor-insulator quantum transition
occuring in disordered thin films is examined within the mean field
approximation. Our calculation shows that the microscopic disorder-induced
reduction of the quantum transition point found experimentally cannot be
explained if the interplay between the disorder and an electron-electron
repulsive interaction is ignored. This work is presented as a microscopic basis
of an explanation (cond-mat/0105122) of resistive phenomena near the transition
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6630 </DOCNO>
Bits and Pieces in Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory


  These are notes of my lectures held at the first School & Workshop on
Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory and its Applications, September 2001 in
Tehran, Iran.
  These notes cover only selected parts of the by now quite extensive knowledge
on logarithmic conformal field theories. In particular, I discuss the proper
generalization of null vectors towards the logarithmic case, and how these can
be used to compute correlation functions. My other main topic is modular
invariance, where I discuss the problem of the generalization of characters in
the case of indecomposable representations, a proposal for a Verlinde formula
for fusion rules and identities relating the partition functions of logarithmic
conformal field theories to such of well known ordinary conformal field
theories.
  These two main topics are complemented by some remarks on ghost systems, the
Haldane-Rezayi fractional quantum Hall state, and the relation of these two to
the logarithmic c=-2 theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1899 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Effective Potential of O(N)-Symmetric Scalar QED in 4-epsilon


  The effective potential of scalar QED is computed analytically up to two
loops in the Landau gauge. The result is given in 4-epsilon dimensions using
minimal subtraction and epsilon-expansions. In three dimensions, our
calculation is intended to help throw light on unsolved problems of the
superconducting phase transition, where critical exponents and the position of
the tricritical point have not yet found a satisfactory explanation within the
renormalization group approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113462 </DOCNO>
Topological-Torsion and Topological-Spin as coherent structures in


  The PDE's of classical electromagnetism can be generated from two exterior
differential systems that distinguish topologically the field intensities and
potentials, F-dA= 0, from the field excitations and the charge current
densities, J-dG = 0. The existence of potentials, A, leads to the independent
3-forms of T-Torsion = A^F and T-Spin = A^G. The exterior derivatives
(divergences) of these 3-forms produce anomalies that define the two classic
Poincare invariants. The closed integrals of these forms, when deformation
invariants of frozen-in fields, define topological coherent structures in the
plasma. Solutions when T-Torsion (T-Spin) is zero define transverse magnetic
(electric) modes on topological grounds. When the divergence of T-Torsion is
not zero there exists a classical mechanism for charge acceleration along the
magnetic field lines producing symplectic plasma currents; large temperature
gradients along the B field lines can act as a source of stellar plasma jets in
neutron stars. In such circumstances, the Torsion vector is uniquely defined by
conformal invariance of the Action potentials. Plasma currents in the direction
of the Torsion vector leave both A^F and A^G conformally invariant, hence these
fields are frozen-in even though the processes are thermodynamically
irreversible. The decaying coherent and deformable topological structures
associated with such frozen-in fields are persistent and observable artifacts,
similar to wakes, that can appear in any plasma domain, such as that which
surrounds stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169366 </DOCNO>
Two-component Fermi gas in a one-dimensional harmonic trap


  A many body theory for a two-component system of spin polarized interacting
fermions in a one-dimensional harmonic trap is developed. The model considers
two different states of the same fermionic species and treats the dominant
interactions between the two using the bosonization method for forward
scattering. Asymptotically exact results for the one-particle matrix elements
at zero temperature are given. Using them, occupation probabilities of
oscillator states are discussed. Particle and momentum densities are calculated
and displayed. It is demonstrated how interactions modify all these quantities.
An asymptotic connection with Luttinger liquids is suggested. The relation of
the coupling constant of the theory to the dipole-dipole interaction is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124920 </DOCNO>
Microlensing Constraints on the Frequency of Jupiter-Mass Companions:


  We analyze five years of PLANET photometry of microlensing events toward the
Galactic bulge to search for the short-duration deviations from single lens
light curves that are indicative of the presence of planetary companions to the
primary microlenses. Using strict event selection criteria, we construct a well
defined sample of 43 intensively monitored events. We search for planetary
perturbations in these events over a densely sampled region of parameter space
spanning two decades in mass ratio and projected separation, but find no viable
planetary candidates. By combining the detection efficiencies of the events, we
find that, at 95% confidence, less than 25% of our primary lenses have
companions with mass ratio q=0.01 and separations in the lensing zone, 0.6-1.6
Einstein ring radii. Using a model of the mass, velocity and spatial
distribution of bulge lenses, we infer that the majority of our lenses are
likely M dwarfs in the Galactic bulge. We conclude that less than 33% of
M-dwarfs in the Galactic bulge have Jupiter-mass companions between 1.5 and 4
AU, and less than 45% have 3 Jupiter-mass companions between 1 and 7 AU, the
first significant limits on planetary companions to M-dwarfs. We consider the
effects of the finite size of the source stars and changing our detection
criterion, but find that these do not alter our conclusions substantially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41244 </DOCNO>
Detailed Balance and Sea-Quark Flavor Asymmetry of Proton


  In this study, the proton is taken as an ensemble of quark-gluon Fock states.
Using the principle of detailed balance, the probabilities of finding every
Fock states of the proton are obtained without any parameter. A new origin of
the light flavor sea quark asymmetry, i.e., $\bar{u} \not= \bar{d}$, is given
as a pure statistical effect. It is found that $\bar{d}-\bar{u} \approx 0.124$,
which is in surprisingly agreement with the experimental observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85722 </DOCNO>
Slightly Bimetric Gravitation


  The inclusion of a flat metric tensor in gravitation permits the formulation
of a gravitational stress-energy tensor and the formal derivation of general
relativity from a linear theory in flat spacetime. Building on the works of
Kraichnan and Deser, we present such a derivation using universal coupling and
gauge invariance.
  Next we slightly weaken the assumptions of universal coupling and gauge
invariance, obtaining a larger ``slightly bimetric'' class of theories, in
which the Euler-Lagrange equations depend only on a curved metric, matter
fields, and the determinant of the flat metric. The theories are equivalent to
generally covariant theories with an arbitrary cosmological constant and an
arbitrarily coupled scalar field, which can serve as an inflaton or dark
matter.
  The question of the consistency of the null cone structures of the two
metrics is addressed. A difficulty for Logunov's massive gravitation on this
front is noted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1364 </DOCNO>
Quantum Effects in Coulomb Blockade


  We review the quantum interference effects in a system of interacting
electrons confined to a quantum dot. The review starts with a description of an
isolated quantum dot. We discuss the status of the Random Matrix theory (RMT)
of the one-electron states in the dot, present the universal form of the
interaction Hamiltonian compatible with the RMT, and derive the leading
corrections to the universal interaction Hamiltonian. Next, we discuss a
theoretical description of a dot connected to leads via point contacts. Having
established the theoretical framework to describe such an open system, we
discuss its transport and thermodynamic properties. We review the evolution of
the transport properties with the increase of the contact conductances from
small values to values $\sim e^2/\pi\hbar$. In the discussion of transport, the
emphasis is put on mesoscopic fluctuations and the Kondo effect in the
conductance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72914 </DOCNO>
Can the Higgs sector contribute significantly to the muon anomalous


  A light CP-even Higgs boson (h) with a mass of about 10 GeV could explain the
recent BNL measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, in the framework
of a general CP-conserving two-Higgs-doublet extension of the Standard Model
with no tree-level flavor-changing neutral Higgs couplings. However, the
allowed Higgs mass window is quite small and the corresponding model parameters
are very constrained. The Higgs sector can contribute significantly to the
observed BNL result for g-2 without violating known experimental constraints
only if the hZZ coupling (approximately) vanishes and m_h lies between the
Upsilon mass and 2m_B.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7321 </DOCNO>
A Phase (Bose) Glass is a Metal: New Conducting State in 2D


  In the quantum rotor model with random exchange interactions having a
non-zero mean, three phases, a 1) phase (Bose) glass, 2) superfluid, and 3)
Mott insulator, meet at a bi-critical point. We demonstrate that proximity to
the bi-critical point and the coupling between the energy landscape and the
dissipative degrees of freedom of the phase glass lead to a metallic state at
T=0. Consequently, the phase glass is unique in that it represents a concrete
example of a metallic state that is mediated by disorder, even in 2D. We
propose that the experimentally observed metallic phase which intervenes
between the insulator and the superconductor in a wide range of thin films is
in actuality a phase glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74130 </DOCNO>
Generalized Polarizabilities in a Constituent Quark Model


  We discuss low-energy virtual Compton scattering off the proton within the
framework of a nonrelativistic constituent quark model. A simple interpretation
of the spin-averaged generalized polarizabilities is given in terms of the
induced electric polarization (and magnetization). Explicit predictions for the
generalized polarizabilities obtained from a multipole expansion are presented
for the Isgur-Karl model and are compared with results of various models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74719 </DOCNO>
Constructing Parton Convolution in Effective Field Theory


  Parton convolution models have been used extensively in describing the sea
quarks in the nucleon and explaining quark distributions in nuclei (the EMC
effect). From effective field theory point of view, we construct the parton
convolution formalism which has been the underlying conception of all
convolution models. We explain the significance of scheme and scale dependence
of the auxiliary quantities such as the pion distributions in a nucleon. As an
application, we calculate the complete leading nonanalytic chiral contribution
to the isovector component of the nucleon sea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148858 </DOCNO>
Introduction to the Superembedding Description of Superbranes


  Basics of the geometrical formulation of the dynamics of supersymmetric
objects are considered and its relation to conventional formulations of
superbranes is discussed. In particular, we demonstrate how the kappa-symmetry
of the Green-Schwarz formulation shows up from local worldvolume supersymmetry,
and briefly discuss applications of the superembedding approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41154 </DOCNO>
Frequentist and Bayesian Confidence Limits


  Frequentist (classical) and the Bayesian approaches to the construction of
confidence limits are compared. Various examples which illustrate specific
problems are presented. The Likelihood Principle and the Stopping Rule Paradox
are discussed. The performance of the different methods is investigated
relative to the properties coherence, precision, bias, universality,
simplicity. A proposal on how to define error limits in various cases are
derived from the comparison. They are based on the likelihood function only and
follow in most cases the general practice in high energy physics. Classical
methods are not recommended because they violate the Likelihood Principle, they
can produce physically inconsistent results, suffer from lack of precision and
generality. Also the extreme Bayesian approach with arbitrary choice of the
prior probability density or priors deduced from scaling laws is rejected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149215 </DOCNO>
Old Fashioned Duality for D-brane and String


  Old fashioned duality used to derive the closed string field theory for
magnetic vortex from the gauge theory with Higgs scalar, is applied to the
string theories. The bosonic sring theory coupled to the Kalb-Ramond 2-form
field is dually transformed to the 6-brane theory coupled to the 7-form field.
The old fashioned dual transformation is also examined for the Type IIA and IIB
superstrings. For this study, the string field theoretical treatment of the
bosonic and fermionic strings is developped based on the reparametrization
invariant formulation of strings by Marshall and Ramond. In order for the
self-duality of the Type IIB superstring to appear, the following dual
correspondence may happen: the dual transformation of the NS-NS field
functional is the bosonization of the R-R one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3934 </DOCNO>
Ensemble properties of securities traded in the NASDAQ market


  We study the price dynamics of stocks traded in the NASDAQ market by
considering the statistical properties of an ensemble of stocks traded
simultaneously. For each trading day of our database, we study the ensemble
return distribution by extracting its first two central moments. According to
previous results obtained for the NYSE market, we find that the second moment
is a long-range correlated variable. We compare time-averaged and
ensemble-averaged price returns and we show that the two averaging procedures
lead to different statistical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 210 </DOCNO>
Jordan-Wigner fermionization for spin-1/2 systems in two dimensions: A


  We review the papers on the Jordan-Wigner transformation in two dimensions to
comment on a possibility of examining the statistical mechanics properties of
two-dimensional spin-1/2 models. We discuss in some detail the two-dimensional
spin-1/2 isotropic XY and Heisenberg models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74750 </DOCNO>
Strange form factors in the context of SAMPLE, HAPPEX, and A4


  The strange properties of the nucleon are investigated within the framework
of the SU(3) chiral quark-soliton model assuming isospin symmetry and applying
the symmetry conserving SU(3) quantization. We present the form factors
$G^0_{E,M}(Q^2)$, $G^Z_M(Q^2)$ and the electric and magnetic strange form
factors $G^s_{E,M}(Q^2)$ incorporating pion and kaon asymptotics. The results
show a fairly good agreement with the recent experimental data from the SAMPLE
and HAPPEX collaborations. We also present predictions for future measurements
including the A4 experiment at MAMI (Mainz).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123429 </DOCNO>
On The Cosmic Origins Of Carbon & Nitrogen


  We employ analytical and numerical chemical evolution models to study
observed trends in abundance ratios involving carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Several sets of published stellar yields for both intermediate-mass and massive
stars are considered, and the most appropriate sets are selected through the
use of analytical models. These yields are then used in the numerical models to
match observed data trends in C/O, N/O, and O/H. We conclude that the principal
production site for carbon is massive stars, while that for nitrogen is
intermediate-mass stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76650 </DOCNO>
CPT and Lorentz Violation in Kaons and Other Systems


  This talk provides a status report on CPT violation in neutral-meson
oscillations, focusing on implications of the CPT- and Lorentz-violating
standard-model extension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179521 </DOCNO>
Quadrupole Oscillations as Paradigm of the Chaotic Motion in Nuclei.


  We have presented a complete description of classical dynamics generated by
the Hamiltonian of quadrupole nuclear oscillations and identified those
peculiarities of quantum dynamics that can be interpreted as quantum
manifestations of classical stochasticity. Particular attention has been given
to investigation of classical dynamics in the potential energy surface with a
few local minima. A new technique is suggested for determination of the
critical energy of the transition to chaos. It is simpler than criteria of
transition to chaos connected with one or another version of overlap resonances
criterion. We have numerically demonstrated that for potential with a localized
unstable region motion becomes regular at the high energy again, i.e.
transition regularity-chaos-regularity {R - C - R} takes place for these
potentials. The variations of statistical properties of energy spectrum in the
process of {R - C - R) transition have been studied in detail. We proved that
the type of the classical motion is correlated with the structure of the
eigenfunctions of highly excited states in the (R - C - R) transition. Shell
structure destruction induced by the increase of nonintegrable perturbation was
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126156 </DOCNO>
Radio Spectral Index and Expansion of 3C58


  We present new observations of the plerionic supernova remnant 3C58 with the
VLA at 74 and 327 MHz. In addition, we re-reduced earlier observations at 1.4
and 4.9 GHz taken in 1973 and 1984. Comparing these various images, we find
that: 1. the remnant has a flat and relatively uniform spectral index
distribution, 2. any expansion of the remnant with time is significantly less
than that expected for uniform, undecelerated expansion since the generally
accepted explosion date in 1181 A.D., and 3. there is no evidence for a
non-thermal synchrotron emission shell generated by a supernova shock wave,
with any such emission having a surface brightness of <1 x 10^(-21) W / (m^2 Hz
sr) at 327 MHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126259 </DOCNO>
Periodic variations in the colours of the classical T Tauri star RW Aur


  The classical T Tauri star RW Aur A is an irregular variable with a large
amplitude in all photometric bands. In an extended series of photometric data
we found small-amplitude periodic variations in the blue colours of the star,
with a period of 2.64 days. The period was relatively stable over several
years. The amplitude of the periodic signal is 0.21 mag in U-V, 0.07 mag in
B-V, and about 0.02 mag in V-R and V-I. No periodicity was found in the V
magnitude. The relevance of this photometric period to the recently discovered
periodicity in spectral features of the star is discussed, and the hypothesis
of a hot spot is critically considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3603 </DOCNO>
Driving Bose-Einstein condensate vorticity with a rotating normal cloud


  We have developed an evaporative cooling technique that accelerates the
circulation of an ultra-cold $^{87}$Rb gas, confined in a static harmonic
potential. As a normal gas is evaporatively spun up and cooled below quantum
degeneracy, it is found to nucleate vorticity in a Bose-Einstein condensate.
Measurements of the condensate's aspect ratio and surface-wave excitations are
consistent with effective rigid-body rotation. Rotation rates of up to 94% of
the centrifugal limit are inferred. A threshold in the normal cloud's rotation
is observed for the intrinsic nucleation of the first vortex. The threshold
value lies below the prediction for a nucleation mechanism involving the
excitation of surface-waves of the ground-state condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 593 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of the Migdal-Eliashberg theory in the strong-coupling


  In view of some recent works on the role of vertex corrections in the
electron-phonon system we readress an important question of the validity of the
Migdal-Eliashberg theory.
  Based on the solution of the Holstein model and inverse coupling constant
expansion, we argue that the standard Feynman-Dyson perturbation theory by
Migdal and Eliashberg with or without vertex corrections cannot be applied if
the electron-phonon coupling constant $\lambda$ is larger than 1 for any ratio
of the phonon and Fermi energies.
  In the extreme adiabatic limit of the Holstein model electrons collapse into
self-trapped small polarons or bipolarons due to spontaneous
translational-symmetry breaking when $\lambda$ is between 0.5 and 1.3
(depending on the lattice dimensionality). With the increasing phonon frequency
the region of the applicability of the theory shrinks to lower values of the
coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75941 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to K_{l3} decays


  We present a complete calculation of the K_{l3} decays K^+ --> pi^0 l^+ nu_l
and K^0 --> pi^- l^+ nu_l to O(p^4, (m_d-m_u) p^2, e^2 p^2) in chiral
perturbation theory with virtual photons and leptons. We introduce the concept
of generalized form factors and kinematical densities in the presence of
electromagnetism, and propose a possible treatment of the real photon emission
in K^+_{l3} decays. We illustrate our results by applying them to the
extraction of the Kobayashi--Maskawa matrix element |V_{us}| from the
experimental K^+_{e3} decay parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150141 </DOCNO>
Bound States in n Dimensions (Especially n = 1 and n = 2)


  We stress that in contradiction with what happens in space dimensions $n \geq
3$, there is no strict bound on the number of bound states with the same
structure as the semi-classical estimate for large coupling constant and give,
in two dimensions, examples of weak potentials with one or infinitely many
bound states. We derive bounds for one and two dimensions which have the
"right" coupling constant behaviour for large coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98641 </DOCNO>
On exceptional terminal singularities


  The first examples of exceptional terminal singularities are constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40805 </DOCNO>
Precise measurement of the total cross section and the Coulomb


  A precise measurement of the total cross section and the coulomb scattering
at the LHC requires the observation of elastically scatteredparticles at
extremely small angles (14 microrad, -t < 0.01 GeV**2 for the first case; 3
microrad, -t<0.0006 GeV**2 for the second one). In this paper a very high-beta
insertion optics is presented. A feasibility study, including the acceptance of
the detectors, for an experiment to be installed in IR1 or IR5, is also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41690 </DOCNO>
The ALEPH Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson


  A search has been performed for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the data
collected with the ALEPH detector in 2000. An excess of 3 sigma above the
background expectation is found. The observed excess is consistent with the
production of the Higgs boson with a mass close to 114 GeV/c2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76137 </DOCNO>
Role of gauge invariance in B -> V gamma radiative weak decays


  The role of gauge invariance in calculating B -> V gamma radiative weak
decays is clarified. It is shown that the gauge invariance severely restricts
the contributions mediated by the usual weak non-leptonic Hamiltonian dominated
by u and c quaks with one photon attachment. Such contributions are found to be
almost negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74471 </DOCNO>
Exploring the construction of "Reference" triangle through unitarity


  Motivated by the possibility of the low value of sin2\beta in the
measurements of BABAR and BELLE collaborations, we have explored the possibilty
of construction of reference unitarity triangle using the unitarity of the CKM
matrix, the existence of nonzero CP violating phase \delta and the experimental
values of the well known CKM elements, without involving any inputs from the
processes which might include the new physics effects. The angles of the
reference triangle are evaluated by finding \delta through the Jarlskog's
rephasing invariant parameter J. The present data and the unitarity of the CKM
matrix give \delta=50^o \pm 20^o, which translates to 130^o \pm 20^o in the
second quadrant. The corresponding range for sin2\beta is 0.21 to 0.88. This
range is broadly in agreement with the recently updated BABAR and BELLE
results. However, a value of \sin2 \leq 0.2, advocated by Silva and Wolfenstein
as a benchmark for new physics, would suggest a violation in the three
generation unitarity and would hint towards the existence of a fourth
generation. Further, the future refinements in the CKM elements will push the
lower limit on sin2\beta still higher.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126550 </DOCNO>
Uncloaking the High Redshift Galaxy Population With The Complete Optical


  We present the first results from the Complete Optical and Radio Absorption
Line System (CORALS) survey for Damped Lyman Alpha (DLA) systems based on a
radio-selected sample of quasars. We find that the number density and neutral
gas content of CORALS DLAs is in good agreement with previous surveys. These
results indicate that dust obscuration has probably not been responsible for a
significant selection bias in the past, although the statistics still permit an
underestimate of n(z) and Omega_DLA by up to a factor of about 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4397 </DOCNO>
Random phase approximation for multi-band Hubbard models


  We derive the random-phase approximation for spin excitations in general
multi-band Hubbard models, starting from a collinear ferromagnetic Hartree-Fock
ground state. The results are compared with those of a recently introduced
variational many-body approach to spin-waves in itinerant ferromagnets. As we
exemplify for Hubbard models with one and two bands, the two approaches lead to
qualitatively different results. The discrepancies can be traced back to the
fact that the Hartree-Fock theory fails to describe properly the local moments
which naturally arise in a correlated-electron theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1151 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on "Two time scales and violation of the


  In a Comment (cond-mat/0103444) on our recent paper "Two time scales and
violation of FDT in a finite dimensional model for structural glasses" [1], A.
de Candia and A. Coniglio show evidence that the equilibrium overlap
distribution P(q) of the frustrated Ising lattice gas (FILG) does not coincide
with the one that could be estimated from the off-equilibrium results presented
in [1]. In this Reply we show new results on the glassy phase of the FILG that
clarify the controversy. Nevertheless, the structure of the equilibrium P(q)
remains an open problem.
  [1]F. Ricci-Tersenghi, D. A. Stariolo and J. J. Arenzon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84,
   4473 (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6974 </DOCNO>
Direct Measurement of the Spin Hamiltonian and Observation of


  We propose a method for measuring spin Hamiltonians and apply it to the
spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet Cs2CuCl4, which shows a 2D fractionalized
RVB state at low fields. By applying strong fields we fully align the spin
moment of Cs2CuCl4 transforming it into an effective ferromagnet. In this phase
the excitations are conventional magnons and their dispersion relation measured
using neutron scattering give the exchange couplings directly, which are found
to form an anisotropic triangular lattice with small Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya
terms. Using the field to control the excitations we observe Bose condensation
of magnons into an ordered ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149744 </DOCNO>
Geometric Transition versus Cascading Solution


  We study Vafa's geometric transition and Klebanov - Strassler solution from
various points of view in M-theory. In terms of brane configurations, we show
the detailed equivalences between the two models. In some limits, both models
have an alternative realization as fourfolds in M-theory with appropriate
G-fluxes turned on. We discuss some aspects of the fourfolds including how to
see the transition and a possible extension to the non-supersymmetric case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125628 </DOCNO>
The r-modes of rotating fluids


  An analysis of the toroidal modes of a rotating fluid, by means of the
differential equations of motion is not readily tractable. A matrix
representation of the equations in a suitable basis, however, simplifies the
problem considerably and reveals many of its intricacies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129289 </DOCNO>
Superhump-like variation during the anomalous state of SU UMa


  We observed an anomalously outbursting state of SU UMa which occurred in
1992. Time-resolved photometry revealed the presence of signals with a period
of 0.0832 +/- 0.0019 d, which is 3.6 sigma longer than the orbital period
(0.07635 d) of this system. We attributed this signal to superhumps, based on
its deviation from the orbital period and its characteristic profile. During
this anomalous state of SU UMa, normal outbursts were almost suppressed, in
spite of relatively regular occurrences of superoutbursts. We consider that an
ensuing tidally unstable state following the preceding superoutburst can be a
viable mechanism to effectively suppress normal outbursts, resulting in an
anomalously outbursting state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98155 </DOCNO>
Holonomy and monodromy groupoids


  We outline the construction of the holonomy groupoid of a locally Lie
groupoid and the monodromy groupoid of a Lie groupoid. These specialise to the
well known holonomy and monodromy groupoids of a foliation, when the groupoid
is just an equivalence relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73105 </DOCNO>
Higgs Production and Decay in the MSSM: Status and Perspectives


  The theoretical predictions in the MSSM for Higgs-boson production at a
future e^+e^- Linear Collider and Higgs-boson decay processes are discussed
focusing in particular on recent diagrammatic two-loop results in the MSSM
Higgs sector. The present status of the theoretical predictions is briefly
summarized, and it is emphasized that considerable improvements will be
necessary in order to match the high experimental accuracy achievable at a
future Linear Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74986 </DOCNO>
Probing scalar-pseudoscalar mixing in the CP violating MSSM at


  We study the production processes $e^+e^-\to H^0_iZ$, $H^0_iH^0_j$ and
$H^0_i\nu_e\overline \nu_e$ in the context of the CP violating MSSM. In a given
channel we show that the cross-section for all i (=1,2,3) can be above 0.1
fb provided $M_{H_{2,3}}\la 300$ GeV. This should be detectable at a Next
Linear Collider and would provide evidence for scalar-pseudoscalar mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74097 </DOCNO>
Solutions of the atmospheric, solar and LSND neutrino anomalies from TeV


  There is a unique $SU(4) \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes SU(2)_R$ gauge model which
allows quarks and leptons to be unified at the TeV scale. It is already known
that the neutrino masses arise radiatively in the model and are naturally
light. We study the atmospheric, solar and LSND neutrino anomalies within the
framework of this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3796 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of the two-mode model of multicomponent Bose-Einstein


  We find the explicit solution of a two--mode model used to explain vortex
dynamics in multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates. We prove that all the
solutions are constants or periodic functions and give explicit formulae for
the time evolution of the populations of the two atomic species present in the
condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2636 </DOCNO>
Parity-sensitive measurements based on ferromagnet/superconductor


  A method to identify the parity of unconventional superconductors is proposed
based on tunneling spectroscopy. For a model of calculation, we adopt a
ferromagnet/superconductor (F/S) junction of which tunneling current is spin
polarized. The tunneling conductance spectra are shown to be quite sensitive to
the direction of the magnetization axis in the ferromagnet only when the
superconductor has odd parity. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish the
parity of the superconductor by measuring the tunneling spectroscopy in F/S
junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127899 </DOCNO>
Simultaneous single-pulse observations of radio pulsars: I. The


  We present the first results from a programme of multi-frequency simultaneous
single pulse observations carried out as part of the European Pulsar Network.
We detail the main data analysis methods and apply them to simultaneous
observations of the strong pulsar B0329+54 at 1.4 and 2.7 GHz using the Jodrell
Bank and Effelsberg radio telescopes respectively. The pulses at different
frequencies are highly correlated in their total intensity, as seen in previous
experiments, and generally show consistent position angles of the linearly
polarized component. In contrast, the circularly polarized emission sometimes
shows clear differences between pulses received at different frequencies. These
results are unexpected and warrant further follow-up studies to interpret them
in the context of the intrinsic bandwidth of pulsar radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125052 </DOCNO>
Quiet Sun coronal heating: statistical model


  Recent observations of Krucker & Benz (1998) give strong support to Parker's
hypothesis (Parker 1988) that small scale dissipative events make the main
contribution to quiet Sun coronal heating. They also showed that these small
scale events are associated not only with the magnetic network, but also with
the cell interiors (Benz & Krucker, 1998). Taking into account in addition the
results of the analysis performed by Priest with co-authors (Priest et al.
2000) who demonstrated that the heating is quasi-homogeneous along the arcs we
come to the conclusion that the sources driving these dissipative events are
also small scale sources. Typically they are of the order of or smaller than
the linear scale of the events observed, that is smaller than 2000 km. To
describe statistical properties of quiet Sun corona heating by microflares,
nanoflares, and even smaller events, we consider a cellular automata model
subject to uniform small scale driving and dissipation. The model consists of
two elements, the magnetic field source supposed to be associated with the
small scale hydrodynamic turbulence convected from the photosphere and local
dissipation of small scale currents. The dissipation is assumed to be provided
by either anomalous resistivity, when the current density exceeds a certain
threshold value, or by the magnetic reconnection. The main problem considered
is how the statistical characteristics of dissipated energy flow depend upon
characteristics of the magnetic field source and on physical mechanism
responsible for the magnetic field dissipation. As the threshold value of
current is increased, we observe the transition from Gaussian statistics to
power-law type. In addition, we find that the dissipation provided by
reconnection results in stronger deviations from Gaussian distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124715 </DOCNO>
Gas Distribution and Starburst Activity in the Widely Separated


  We present high resolution H I 21 cm line, 20 cm radio continuum, and CO(1-0)
line observations of the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 6670. NGC 6670 consists
of two edge-on disk galaxies (NGC 6670E and NGC 6670W) with a projected nuclear
separation of ~16 kpc. While there are no optically identified tidal features
and the molecular disks are not distorted much, we have detected a 90 kpc long
H I tail which suggests that the galaxies are interacting and have already
experienced at least one close encounter. Our observations suggest that the
previous encounter between the galaxies had a large impact parameter and that
the system is still in an early stage of interaction.
  Even though NGC 6670 is in an early stage of interaction, we find evidence of
starburst. The CO(1-0) observations show large molecular gas reservoirs in the
central regions and the 20 cm radio continuum observations reveal enhanced star
formation activity in the nuclear regions of both galaxies. We estimate the
ratio L_IR/M_H2, which is often used as an indicator of star formation
efficiency, in the nuclear regions of NGC 6670E and NGC 6670W to be 18 and 11
L_sun/M_sun, respectively. The nuclear star formation efficiency of these two
galaxies has been elevated to the level observed in other nearby starburst
galaxies (L_IR/M_H2 > 10 L_sun/M_sun). Other indicators of starburst activity
such as CO brightness temperature and infrared surface brightness are also
observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96352 </DOCNO>
Detection of wave front set perturbations via correlation: Foundation


  We discuss the mathematical aspects of wave field measurements used in
traveltime inversion from seismograms. The primary information about the medium
is assumed to be carried by the wave front set and its perturbation with
repsect to a hypothetical background medium is to be estimated. By a convincing
heuristics a detection procedure for this perturbation was proposed based on
optimization of wave field correlations. We investigate its theoretical
foundation in simple mathematical case studies using the distribution theoretic
definition of oscillatory integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174655 </DOCNO>
Precision Pion-Proton Elastic Differential Cross Sections at Energies


  A precision measurement of absolute pi+p and pi-p elastic differential cross
sections at incident pion laboratory kinetic energies from T_pi= 141.15 to
267.3 MeV is described. Data were obtained detecting the scattered pion and
recoil proton in coincidence at 12 laboratory pion angles from 55 to 155
degrees for pi+p, and six angles from 60 to 155 degrees for pi-p. Single arm
measurements were also obtained for pi+p energies up to 218.1 MeV, with the
scattered pi+ detected at six angles from 20 to 70 degrees. A flat-walled,
super-cooled liquid hydrogen target as well as solid CH2 targets were used. The
data are characterized by small uncertainties, ~1-2% statistical and ~1-1.5%
normalization. The reliability of the cross section results was ensured by
carrying out the measurements under a variety of experimental conditions to
identify and quantify the sources of instrumental uncertainty. Our lowest and
highest energy data are consistent with overlapping results from TRIUMF and
LAMPF. In general, the Virginia Polytechnic Institute SM95 partial wave
analysis solution describes our data well, but the older Karlsruhe-Helsinki PWA
solution KH80 does not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98237 </DOCNO>
A Degeneration formula of GW-invariants


  This is the second part of the paper "A degeneration of stable morphisms and
relative stable morphisms", (math.AG/0009097). In this paper, we constructed
the relative Gromov-Witten invariants of a pair of a smooth variety and a
smooth divisor. We then proved a degeneration formula of Gromov-Witten
invariants, in cycle form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168575 </DOCNO>
Second Quantization of Cini Model for High Order Quantum Decoherence in


  By making the second quantization for the Cini Model of quantum measurement
without wave function collapse [M. Cini, Nuovo Cimento, B73 27(1983)], the
second order quantum decoherence (SOQD) is studied with a two mode boson system
interacting with an idealized apparatus composed by two quantum oscillators. In
the classical limit that the apparatus is prepared in a Fock state with a very
large quantum number, or in a coherent state with average quantum numbers large
enough, the SOQD phenomenon appears similar to the first order case of quantum
decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129534 </DOCNO>
Extraordinary features of pair plasma and \\quasilinear theory of


  We examine linear and quasi-liner stages of Cherenkov-drift instability in
the relativistic magnetized electron-positron plasma. The external magnetic
field lines are assumed to be slightly curved. In this case the curvature drift
of relativistic beam particles plays decisive role in the development of the
instability. Quasi-linear relaxation of the relativistic beam leads to
diffusion of the resonant particles in the momenta space. The expressions for
diffusion coefficients of Cherenkov-drift instability are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75504 </DOCNO>
OCD factorization for the pion diffractive dissociation into two jets


  We present main ideas and obtained results of our recent calculations of
Coulomb and QCD contribution to the pion diffractive dissociation into two
jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98041 </DOCNO>
Point vortices on the sphere: a case with opposite vorticities


  We study systems formed of 2N point vortices on a sphere with N vortices of
strength +1 and N vortices of strength -1. In this case, the Hamiltonian is
conserved by the symmetry which exchanges the positive vortices with the
negative vortices. We prove the existence of some fixed and relative
equilibria, and then study their stability with the ``Energy Momentum Method''.
Most of the results obtained are nonlinear stability results. To end, some
bifurcations are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87261 </DOCNO>
Vacuum polarization on the spinning circle


  Vacuum polarization of a massive scalar field in the background of a
two-dimensional version of a spinning cosmic string is investigated. It is
shown that when the `radius of the universe' is such that spacetime is globally
hyperbolic the vacuum fluctuations are well behaved, diverging though on the
`chronology horizon'. Naive use of the formulae when spacetime is nonglobally
hyperbolic leads to unphysical results. It is also pointed out that the set of
normal modes used previously in the literature to address the problem gives
rise to two-point functions which do not have Hadamard form, and therefore are
not physically acceptable. Such normal modes correspond to a locally (but not
globally) Minkowski time, which appears to be at first sight a natural choice
of time to implement quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86256 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic fluids in the case of stationary and axisymmetric spaces of


  We present a stationary axisymmetric solution belonging to Carter's family
[A] of spaces and representing an anisotropic fluid configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126916 </DOCNO>
Relationship of Black Holes to Bulges


  Supermassive black holes appear to be uniquely associated with galactic
bulges. The mean ratio of black hole mass to bulge mass was until recently very
uncertain, with ground based, stellar kinematical data giving a value roughly
an order of magnitude larger than other techniques. The discrepancy was
resolved with the discovery of the M-sigma relation, which simultaneously
established a tight corrrelation between black hole mass and bulge velocity
dispersion, and confirmed that the stellar kinematical mass estimates were
systematically too large due to failure to resolve the black hole's sphere of
influence. There is now excellent agreement between the various techniques for
estimating the mean black hole mass, including dynamical mass estimation in
quiescent galaxies; reverberation mapping in active galaxies and quasars; and
computation of the mean density of compact objects based on integrated quasar
light. Implications of the M-sigma relation for the formation of black holes
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74519 </DOCNO>
On Gribov's Ideas on Confinement


  I comment on possible relations of Gribov's ideas on mechanism of confinement
with some phenomena in QCD and in supersymmetric gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81437 </DOCNO>
Analytic progress on exact lattice chiral symmetry


  Theoretical issues of exact chiral symmetry on the lattice are discussed and
related recent works are reviewed. For chiral theories, the construction with
exact gauge invariance is reconsidered from the point of view of domain wall
fermion. The issue in the construction of electroweak theory is also discussed.
For vector-like theories, we discuss unitarity (positivity), Hamiltonian
approach, and several generalizations of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation
(algebraic and odd-dimensional).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149518 </DOCNO>
The spectrum of boundary sine-Gordon theory


  We review our recent results on the on-shell description of sine-Gordon model
with integrable boundary conditions. We determined the spectrum of boundary
states by closing the boundary bootstrap and gave a derivation of Al.B.
Zamolodchikov's (unpublished) formulae for the boundary energy and the relation
between the Lagrangian (ultraviolet) and bootstrap (infrared) parameters. These
results have been checked against numerical finite volume spectra coming from
the truncated conformal space approach. We find an entirely consistent picture
and strong evidence for the validity of the conjectured spectrum and scattering
amplitudes, which together give a complete description of the boundary
sine-Gordon theory on mass shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150186 </DOCNO>
Towards Nonperturbative Renormalizability of Quantum Einstein Gravity


  We summarize recent evidence supporting the conjecture that four-dimensional
Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG) is nonperturbatively renormalizable along the
lines of Weinberg's asymptotic safety scenario. This would mean that QEG is
mathematically consistent and predictive even at arbitrarily small length
scales below the Planck length. For a truncated version of the exact flow
equation of the effective average action we establish the existence of a
non-Gaussian renormalization group fixed point which is suitable for the
construction of a nonperturbative infinite cutoff-limit. The cosmological
implications of this fixed point are discussed, and it is argued that QEG might
solve the horizon and flatness problem of standard cosmology without an
inflationary period.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97486 </DOCNO>
Cofree coalgebras over operads


  This paper explicitely constructs cofree coalgebras over operads in the
category of DG-modules. Special cases are considered in which the general
expression simplifies (such as the pointed, irreducible case). It is shown that
the existence of an operad-action on a coalgebra implies a ``generalized
coassociativity'' that facilitates the construction. Some areas of application
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179552 </DOCNO>
Hyperon-nucleon scattering and hyperon masses in the nuclear medium


  We analyze low-energy hyperon-nucleon scattering using an effective field
theory in next-to-leading order. By fitting experimental cross sections for
laboratory hyperon momenta below 200 MeV/c and using information from the
hypertriton we determine twelve contact-interaction coefficients. Based on
these we discuss the low-density expansion of hyperon mass shifts in the
nuclear medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 408 </DOCNO>
A Continuum Saltation Model for Sand Dunes


  We derive a phenomenological continuum saltation model for aeolian sand
transport that can serve as an efficient tool for geomorphological
applications. The coupled differential equations for the average density and
velocity of sand in the saltation layer reproduce both known equilibrium
relations for the sand flux and the time evolution of the sand flux as
predicted by microscopic saltation models. The three phenomenological
parameters of the model are a reference height for the grain-air interaction,
an effective restitution coefficient for the grain-bed interaction, and a
multiplication factor characterizing the chain reaction caused by the impacts
leading to a typical time or length scale of the saturation transients. We
determine the values of these parameters by comparing our model with wind
tunnel measurements. Our main interest are out of equilibrium situations where
saturation transients are important, for instance at phase boundaries
(ground/sand) or under unsteady wind conditions. We point out that saturation
transients are indispensable for a proper description of sand flux over
structured terrain, by applying the model to the windward side of an isolated
dune, thereby resolving recently reported discrepancies between field
measurements and theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2804 </DOCNO>
Critical Dynamics of a Vortex Loop Model for the Superconducting


  We calculate analytically the dynamic critical exponent $z_{MC}$ measured in
Monte Carlo simulations for a vortex loop model of the superconducting
transition, and account for the simulation results. In the weak screening
limit, where magnetic fluctuations are neglected, the dynamic exponent is found
to be $z_{MC} = 3/2$. In the perfect screening limit, $z_{MC} = 5/2$. We relate
$z_{MC}$ to the actual value of $z$ observable in experiments and find that $z
\sim 2$, consistent with some experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149526 </DOCNO>
A note on the heat kernel method applied to fermions


  The spectrum of the fermionic operators depending on external fields is an
important object in Quantum Field Theory. In this paper we prove, using
transition to the alternative basis for the $\gamma$-matrices, that this
spectrum does not depend on the sign of the fermion mass, up to a constant
factor. This assumption has been extensively used, but usually without proof.
As an illustration, we calculated the coincidence limit of the coefficient
$a_2(x,x^\prime)$ on the general metric background, vector and axial vector
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1995 </DOCNO>
Phase of bi-particle localized states for the Cooper problem in


  The Cooper problem is studied numerically for the Anderson model with
disorder in two-dimensions. It is shown that the attractive Hubbard interaction
creates a phase of bi-particle localized states in the regime where
non-interacting states are delocalized. This phase cannot be obtained in the
mean-field approximation and the pair coupling energy is strongly enhanced in
this regime. The effects of magnetic field are studied and it is shown that
under certain conditions they lead to delocalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76071 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Anomalies and Quasi-Dirac neutrinos


  We discuss possibility of describing solar, atmospheric and LSND results with
four neutrinos forming two quasi-degenerate pairs. The simplest versions of
this 2+2 scheme with either $\nu_e$ or $\nu_\mu$ mixing exclusively with
sterile neutrino is disfavored by the SNO and atmospheric neutrino results
respectively. A generalized scheme with sterile state participating in both the
solar and atmospheric oscillations is still allowed. We show thasolar and
atmospheric oscillations is still allowed. We show that the complex pattern of
mixing needed for this purpose follows from a simple L_e+L_\mu-L_\tau-L_s
symmetry. Specific form of L_e+L_\mu-L_\tau-L_s symmetric mass matrix is
determined from experimental results. Two theoretical schemes which lead to
this form and a proper breaking of L_e+L_\mu-L_\tau-L_s symmetry are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81084 </DOCNO>
Contents of Lattice 2000 Proceedings


  We give here a compilation of papers presented at Lattice 2000 (XVIII Intl.
Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Bangalore, India, 17-22 August 2000). The
table of contents provides links to papers on the e-print arXiv.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98695 </DOCNO>
Subspaces with equal closure


  We take a unifying and radically new approach towards polynomial and
trigonometric approximation in an arbitrary number of variables. The point of
view, which has a group theoretical interpretation, yields a very general and
powerful tool that anyone can easily apply in new situations of interest. The
key idea is to show in considerable generality that a module, which is
generated over the polynomials or trigonometric functions by some set,
necessarily has the same closure as the module which is generated by this same
set, but now over the compactly supported smooth functions. The particular
properties of the ambient space or generating set are to a large degree
irrelevant. This translation -- which goes in fact beyond modules -- allows us,
by what is now essentially a straightforward check of a few properties, to
replace many classical results by much more general and stronger statements of
a hitherto unknown type. The method can be formulated for Lie groups and this
interpretation shows that many classical approximation theorems are "actually"
theorems on the unitary dual of n-dimensional real space. Polynomials then
correspond to the universal enveloping algebra. We use quasi-analytic classes
in several variables and identify a well known family of one dimensional
weights. As a side result we obtain a new integral criterion for
multidimensional measures to be determinate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126153 </DOCNO>
Radiation in a Closed 3-D Universe Reveals its Present Geometry and its


  In previous papers, predictions of the new "Spatial Condensation (SC-)"
cosmological model were presented on the (1) foundations, (2) new source of
gravity, and (3) large-scale structure. In this paper predictions will include
new physical features that are due mostly to the postulated geometry of our
closed 3-D universe. Knowledge of the past universe is obtained from its many
types of radiation that travel to our instruments on great circles of our
expanding 3-sphere. Adding the fourth spatial dimension greatly increases our
understanding of the concepts of emission and reception distances of the
sources and 4-D trajectory of the radiation. In a closed expanding 3-D
universe, most of the radiation from a distant bright source at Ze can travel
halfway around the universe and be refocused as a "virtual source" at Zv ~1.5
where some of the re-diverging radiation arrives later to our instruments. With
the added fourth dimension, the SC-model makes some spectacular predictions for
these virtual sources. Indeed, the CBR becomes a re-focused "backside"
microwave radiation with its structure amplified in size and decreased in
luminosity by a factor ~ 1/350. "Viewed" in the optical from a direction
opposite the CBR, the same, but more evolved, structure at "virtual Zsame"
would certainly fix the geometry and size of our universe. Virtual sources are
also added radiation to the diffuse background of X-rays and infrared. The CBR
dipole suggests a preferred reference frame. Reflected light signals in a
non-accelerated frame show, in principle, the moving frame could be brought to
rest in the comoving frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4056 </DOCNO>
Dynamical exponents of an even-parity-conserving contact process with


  We provide finite-size scaling estimates for the dynamical critical exponent
of the even parity-conserving universality class of critical behavior through
exact numerical diagonalizations of the time evolution operator of an
even-parity-conserving contact process. Our data seem to indicate that upon the
introduction of a small diffusion rate in the process its critical behavior
crosses over to that of the directed percolation universality class. A brief
discussion of the many-sector decomposability of parity-conserving contact
processes is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41068 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of the Tau Topological Branching Ratios


  Using data collected in the DELPHI detector at LEP-1, measurements of the
inclusive tau branching ratios for decay modes containing one, three, or five
charged particles have been performed, giving the following results:
  B_1 = B(\tau^- -> (particle)^- \geq 0pi^0 \geq 0K^0 \nu_\tau(\bar{\nu})) =
(85.316 +/- 0.093 +/- 0.049)%;
  B_3 = B(\tau^- -> 2h^-h^+ \geq 0pi^0 \geq 0K^0 \nu_\tau) = (14.569 +/- 0.093
+/- 0.048)%;
  B_5 = B(\tau^- -> 3h^-2h^+ \geq 0pi^0 \geq 0K^0 \nu_\tau) = (0.115 +/- 0.013
+/- 0.006)%, where h is either a charged pi or K meson. The first quoted
uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1082 </DOCNO>
Pseudogap in High - Temperature Superconductors


  This review describes the main experimental facts and a number of theoretical
models concerning the pseudogap state in high - temperature superconductors. On
the phase diagram of HTSC - cuprates the pseudogap state is observed in the
region of current carrier concentrations less than optimal and leads to a
number of anomalies of electronic properties. These pseudogap anomalies
apparently are due to fluctuations of antiferromagnetic short - range order
developing as system moves towards antiferromagnetic region on the phase
diagram. Electron interaction with these fluctuations leads to anisotropic
renormalization of electronic spectrum and non - Fermi liquid behavior on
certain parts of the Fermi surface. We also discuss some simple theoretical
models describing basic properties of the pseudogap state, including the
anomalies of superconducting state due to pseudogap renormalization of
electronic spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3429 </DOCNO>
Charge Transport in Polymer Ion Conductors: a Monte Carlo Study


  Diffusion of ions through a fluctuating polymeric host is studied both by
Monte Carlo simulation of the complete system dynamics and by dynamic bond
percolation (DBP) theory. Comparison of both methods suggests a multiscale-like
approach for calculating the diffusion coefficients of the ions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125217 </DOCNO>
Beware the Non-uniqueness of Einstein Rings


  We explain how an approximation to the rings formed by the host galaxies in
lensed QSOs can be inferred from the QSO data alone. A simple ring image can be
made from any lens model by a simple piece of computer graphics: just plot a
contour map of the arrival-time surface with closely-spaced contours. We go on
to explain that rings should be (a) sensitive to time-delay ratios between
different pairs of images, but (b) very insensitive to H_0. We illustrate this
for the well-known quads 1115+080 and 1608+656.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126438 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observation of the Radio Source / X-ray Gas Interaction in the


  We present a Chandra observation of Abell 2052, a cooling flow cluster with a
central cD that hosts the complex radio source 3C 317. The data reveal
``holes'' in the X-ray emission that are coincident with the radio lobes. The
holes are surrounded by bright ``shells'' of X-ray emission. The data are
consistent with the radio source displacing and compressing, and at the same
time being confined by, the X-ray gas. The compression of the X-ray shells
appears to have been relatively gentle and, at most, slightly transonic. The
pressure in the X-ray gas (the shells and surrounding cooler gas) is
approximately an order of magnitude higher than the minimum pressure derived
for the radio source, suggesting that an additional source of pressure is
needed to support the radio plasma. The compression of the X-ray shells has
speeded up the cooling of the shells, and optical emission line filaments are
found coincident with the brightest regions of the shells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98809 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Completeness for Compton Scattering


  Scattering in a model of a massive quantum-mechanical particle, an
``electron'', interacting with massless, relativistic bosons, ``photons'', is
studied. The interaction term in the Hamiltonian of our model describes
emission and absorption of ``photons'' by the ``electron''; but ``electron''
pair production is suppressed. An ultraviolet cutoff and an (arbitrarily small,
but fixed) infrared cutoff are imposed on the interaction term. In a range of
energies where the propagation speed of the dressed ``electron'' is strictly
smaller than the speed of light, unitarity of the scattering matrix is proven,
provided the coupling constant is small enough; (asymptotic completeness of
Compton scattering). The proof combines a construction of dressed one--electron
states with propagation estimates for the ``electron'' and the ``photons''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128230 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX view of NGC 526A: a Seyfert 1.9 galaxy with a flat spectrum


  In the present work we report the BeppoSAX observation of the Seyfert 1.9
galaxy NGC 526A in the band 0.1-150 keV. The high energy instrument onboard,
PDS, has succeeded in measuring for the first time the spectrum of this source
in the 13-150 keV range. The combined analysis of all Narrow Field Instruments
provides a power law spectral index of ~ 1.6 and confirms the flat spectral
nature of this source. Although NGC 526A varies strongly in the 2-10 keV over
period of months/years, its spectral shape remains constant over these
timescales. An Fe K-alpha line, characterized by a complex structure, has been
detected in the 6-7 keV range. The line, which has an equivalent width of 120
eV, is not compatible with being produced in an absorbing torus with N_H ~
10^22 cm^-2, but most likely originates by reflection in an accretion disk
viewed at an intermediate inclination angle of ~ 42 deg. The reflection
component is however small (R < 0.7) and so it is not sufficient to steepen the
spectrum to photon index values more typical of AGNs. Instead, we find that the
data are more consistent with a flat power law spectrum cut-off at around 100
keV plus a small reflection component which could explain the observed iron
line. Thus NGC 526A is the only bona-fide Seyfert 2 galaxy which maintains a
"flat spectrum" even when broad band data are considered: in this sense its
properties, with respect to the general class of Seyfert 2's, are analogous to
those of NGC 4151 with respect to the vast majority of Seyfert 1's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2990 </DOCNO>
Crossover phenomena in spin models with medium-range interactions and


  We study crossover phenomena in a model of self-avoiding walks with
medium-range jumps, that corresponds to the limit $N\to 0$ of an $N$-vector
spin system with medium-range interactions. In particular, we consider the
critical crossover limit that interpolates between the Gaussian and the
Wilson-Fisher fixed point. The corresponding crossover functions are computed
using field-theoretical methods and an appropriate mean-field expansion. The
critical crossover limit is accurately studied by numerical Monte Carlo
simulations, which are much more efficient for walk models than for spin
systems. Monte Carlo data are compared with the field-theoretical predictions
concerning the critical crossover functions, finding a good agreement. We also
verify the predictions for the scaling behavior of the leading nonuniversal
corrections. We determine phenomenological parametrizations that are exact in
the critical crossover limit, have the correct scaling behavior for the leading
correction, and describe the nonuniversal lscrossover behavior of our data for
any finite range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81025 </DOCNO>
Lattice B-Physics


  I review the status of lattice simulations relevant for phenomenological
studies of B-physics. Results for much-studied quantities such as f_B, B_B and
form-factors for semileptonic decays are presented as well as those for
quantities which have begun to be studied only recently (such as B-lifetimes).
The improvement in the precision of the determinations of the mass of the
b-quark, which has been made possible by new results for perturbative
coefficients, is discussed. Finally I describe new ideas being developed with
the aim of making computations of two-body non-leptonic decays possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97831 </DOCNO>
Symplectic Parshin-Arakelov inequality


  Lefschetz fibration is the symplectic analogue of stable holomorphic
fibration in complex geometry. A 4-dimensional stable holomorphic fibration
satisfies the famous Parshin-Arakelov inequality. In this note we present an
analogous inequality for a 4-dimensional Lefschetz fibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2138 </DOCNO>
Comparison of several tetrahedra-based lattices


  A comparison of the quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnetic model (QHAM) on the
pyrochlore lattice, the checkerboard lattice and the square lattice with
crossing interactions is performed. The three lattices are constructed with the
same tetrahedral unit cell and this property is used to describe the low energy
spectrum by means of an effective hamiltonian restricted to the singlet sector.
We analyze the structure of the effective hamiltonian and solve it within mean
field approximation for the three lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129387 </DOCNO>
The circumstellar material around SN IIn 1997eg: Another detection of


  We report the detection of a very narrow P Cygni profile on top of the broad
emission Ha and Hb lines of the Type IIn Supernova 1997eg. A similar feature
has been detected in SN 1997ab (Salamanca et al. 1998), SN 1998S (Meikle &
Geballe 1998, Fassia et al. 2001) and SN 1995G (Filippenko & Schlegel 1995).
The detection of the narrow P Cygni profile indicates the existence of a dense
circumstellar material (CSM) into which the ejecta of the supernova is
expanding. From the analysis of the spectra of SN 1997eg we deduce (a) that
such CSM is very dense (n ~ 5x10^7 cm^-3), (b) that has a low expanding
velocity of about 160 \kms. The origin of such dense CSM can be either a very
dense progenitor wind (dotM ~ 10^-2 solar masses per year) or a circumstellar
shell product of the progenitor wind expanding into a high pressure
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128562 </DOCNO>
Non-resonant nonlinear coupling of magnetohydrodynamic waves in


  A new mechanism for the enhanced generation of compressible fluctuations by
Alfven waves is presented. A strongly nonlinear regime of Alfven wave
phase-mixing is numerically simulated in a one-dimensionally inhomogeneous
plasma of finite temperature. It is found that the inhomogeneity of the medium
determines the efficiency of nonlinear excitation of magnetoacoustic waves. The
level of the compressible fluctuations is found to be higher (up to the factor
of two) in inhomogeneous regions. The amplitude of the generated
magnetoacoustic wave can reach up to 30% of the source Alfven wave amplitude,
and this value is practically independent of the Alfven wave amplitude and the
steepness of Alfven speed profile. The highest amplitudes of compressible
disturbances are reached in plasmas with beta of about 0.5. The further growth
of the amplitude of compressible fluctuations is depressed by saturation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97519 </DOCNO>
Approximation properties $AP_s$ and p-nuclear operators (the case where


  Among other things, it is shown that there exist Banach spaces $Z$ and $W$
such that $Z^{**}$ and $W$ have bases, and for every $p\in[1,2)$ there is an
operator $T:W\to Z$ that is not $p$-nuclear but $T^{**}$ is $p$-nuclear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41441 </DOCNO>
Open Beauty Production at HERA


  Recent results on open beauty production in positron-proton collisions at a
centre-of-mass energy of 300 GeV are presented. The beauty photoproduction
cross section is measured by ZEUS and H1 via the semileptonic decay. Both
experiments use the transverse lepton momentum with respect to a jet as an
observable. The H1 central silicon vertex detector makes it possible to
analyse, in addition, the lepton impact parameter spectrum, thus exploiting
lifetime information for the first time at HERA. The combined lifetime and
transverse momentum signature is further used to observe beauty production for
the first time in deep inelastic scattering. All results are compared with NLO
QCD calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126589 </DOCNO>
Stellar Collisions and the Interior Structure of Blue Stragglers


  Collisions of main sequence stars occur frequently in dense star clusters. In
open and globular clusters, these collisions produce merger remnants that may
be observed as blue stragglers. Detailed theoretical models of this process
require lengthy hydrodynamic computations in three dimensions. However, a less
computationally expensive approach, which we present here, is to approximate
the merger process (including shock heating, hydrodynamic mixing, mass
ejection, and angular momentum transfer) with simple algorithms based on
conservation laws and a basic qualitative understanding of the hydrodynamics.
These algorithms have been fine tuned through comparisons with the results of
our previous hydrodynamic simulations. We find that the thermodynamic and
chemical composition profiles of our simple models agree very well with those
from recent SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) calculations of stellar
collisions, and the subsequent stellar evolution of our simple models also
matches closely that of the more accurate hydrodynamic models. Our algorithms
have been implemented in an easy to use software package, which we are making
publicly available (see http://vassun.vassar.edu/~lombardi/mmas/). This
software could be used in combination with realistic dynamical simulations of
star clusters that must take into account stellar collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123512 </DOCNO>
The Far-Infrared/Radio Correlation in Nearby Abell Clusters


  A comprehensive study of the effect of the cluster environment on the far-
infrared (FIR)/radio correlation in nearby Abell clusters is presented. Using
the cluster radio galaxy database from Miller & Owen (2001) and optical
spectroscopy and high resolution radio images to remove AGN, we assess the
FIR/radio correlation of cluster galaxies from the centers of the clusters out
well past the classical Abell radius. The FIR/radio correlation is shown to
hold quite well for star forming galaxies, and the FIR and radio fluxes for
cluster AGN are also well correlated. In the case of AGN, the relative radio-
to-FIR fluxes are greater and the scatter in the correlation is larger than
those seen for star forming galaxies. We also find that there is a rare but
statistically significant excess of star forming galaxies with enhanced radio
emission in the centers of the clusters, and that the degree of this
enhancement is typically a factor of two or three. The FIR/radio correlation
for cluster star forming galaxies is also tested against line-of-sight velocity
relative to the cluster systemic velocities, but no significant correlation is
found. While the radial dependence of the FIR/radio correlation is consistent
with the model wherein ram pressure increases the cluster galaxies' magnetic
field strengths through compression, the velocity data do not confirm this
model. Although a contribution from ram pressure can not be ruled out, the
thermal pressure due to the ICM alone is an equally viable alternative. The
high resolution radio images largely reject the hypothesis that the increased
radio emission arises from an AGN component, strengthening the claim that the
change in the correlation is caused by a change in the environment of the
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148584 </DOCNO>
Deformations of duality-symmetric theories


  We prove that a sum of free non-covariant duality-symmetric actions does not
allow consistent, continuous and local self-interactions that deform the gauge
transformations. For instance, non-Abelian deformations are not allowed, even
in 4 dimensions where Yang-Mills type interactions of 1-forms are allowed in
the non-manifestly duality-symmetric formulation. This suggests that
non-Abelian duality should require to leave the standard formalism of
perturbative local field theories. The analyticity of self-interactions for a
single duality-symmetric gauge field in four dimensions is also analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128294 </DOCNO>
Cosmic shear from STIS pure parallels - II. Analysis


  We report on the marginal detection of cosmic shear on sub-arcmin scales with
archive data from the STIS camera on board HST. For the measurement 121 galaxy
fields with a field of view of 51'' x 51'' are used to obtain an rms cosmic
shear of ~ 4% with 1.5sigma significance. This value is consistent with
groundbased results obtained by other groups on larger scales, and with
theoretical predictions for a standard LambdaCDM cosmology. To show the
suitability of STIS for weak shear measurements we carefully investigated the
stability of the PSF. We demonstrate that small temporal changes do not affect
the cosmic shear measurement by more than ~ 10%. We also discuss the influence
of various weighting and selection schemes for the galaxy ellipticities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126100 </DOCNO>
HST/WFPC2 Imaging of the QDOT Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy Sample


  We present HST WFPC2 V band imaging for 23 Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
taken from the QDOT redshift survey. The fraction of sources observed to be
interacting is 87%. Most of the merging systems show a number of compact
`knots', whose colour and brightness differ substantially from their immediate
surroundings. Colour maps for nine of the objects show a non-uniform colour
structure. Features include blue regions located towards the centres of merging
systems which are likely to be areas of enhanced star formation, and compact
red regions which are likely to be dust shrouded starbursts or AGN. The host
galaxies of the QSOs in the sample were found to be either interacting systems
or ellipticals. Our data shows no evidence that ULIRGs are a simple transition
stage between galaxy mergers and QSOs. We propose an alternative model for
ULIRGs based on the morphologies in our sample and previous N-body simulations.
Under this model ULIRGs as a class are much more diverse than a simple
transition between galaxy merger and QSO. The evolution of IR power source and
merger morphology in ULIRGs is driven solely by the local environment and the
morphologies of the merger progenitors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125191 </DOCNO>
Binary and Millisecond Pulsars at the New Millennium


  We review the properties and applications of binary and millisecond pulsars.
Our knowledge of these exciting objects has greatly increased in recent years,
mainly due to successful surveys which have brought the known pulsar population
to over 1300. There are now 56 binary and millisecond pulsars in the Galactic
disk and a further 47 in globular clusters. This review is concerned primarily
with the results and spin-offs from these surveys which are of particular
interest to the relativity community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6257 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structure of oxides MO (M=Mg, Ca, Ti, V) in the GW


  The quasiparticle band structures of non-magnetic monoxides, MO (M=Mg, Ca, Ti
and V), are calculated by the GW approximation. The band gaps and band widths
of occupied oxygen 2p state in insulating MgO and CaO agree with experimental
observation. In metallic TiO and VO, transition metal e_g states are pushed up
and the reduction of the band width of transition metal e_g and t_2g states is
found. TiO and VO are antiferromagnetic insulators in the LDA+U calculation
with spin polarization. The LDA+U calculation with a constraint for
non-magnetic solution is performed with the Coulomb and exchange parameters
obtained by the cluster calculation. The relative positions of 3d e_g and t_2g
states in the GW approximation is close to those in the LDA+U calculation
rather than in the LDA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1670 </DOCNO>
Local quantum coherence and superfluidity


  We consider a model of bosons on a regular lattice with a kinetic energy due
to hopping among sites and a potential energy due to strong on site
interaction. A superfluid phase is expected when the ground state of the local
energy is doubly degenerate. We consider a new scheme of simmetry breaking
associated to the superfluid phase in which the order parameter is the
statistical average of the quantum coherence operator associated to the
superposition of the degenerate local ground states. In the strong coupling
limit a systematic expansion of the free energy can be performed in terms of
the hopping amplitude at constant order parameter. Within such an expansion we
obtain a self-consistent equation for the order parameter. The first order
approximation gives, in the case of degeneracy between single occupied and
empty state, the same result of the standard mean field approximation for the
``hard core bosons''. This new approach to the superfluid phase is shown to
have a natural application to the implementation of quantum computation on a
superfluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95489 </DOCNO>
Rdeduced phase-space quantization of constrained systems


  The Hamilton-Jacobi method of constrained systems is discussed. The equations
of motion for three singular systems are obtained as total differential
equations in many variables. The integrability conditions for these syatems
lead us to the canonical reduced phase-space coordinates with out using any
gauge fixing conditions. The operator and the path integral quantization of
these systems is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179725 </DOCNO>
The canonical effect in statistical models for relativistic heavy ion


  Enforcing exact conservation laws instead of average ones in statistical
thermal models for relativistic heavy ion reactions gives raise to so called
canonical effect, which can be used to explain some enhancement effects when
going from elementary (e.g. pp) or small (pA) systems towards large AA systems.
We review the recently developed method for computation of canonical
statistical thermodynamics, and give an insight when this is needed in analysis
of experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41638 </DOCNO>
Charmful Baryonic B Decays $\bar B^0\to\Lambda_c\bar p$ and $\bar


  We study the two-body and three-body charmful baryonic B decays: $\bar B^0\to
\Lambda_c\bar p$ and $\bar B\to \Lambda_c \bar p\pi(\rho)$. The factorizable
W-exchange contribution to $\bar B^0\to\Lambda_c\bar p$ is negligible. Applying
the bag model to evaluate the baryon-to-baryon weak transition matrix element,
we find $B(\bar B^0\to\Lambda_c\bar p)\leq 1.1\times
10^{-5}|g_{B^0p\Sigma_b^+}/6|^2$ with $g_{B^0p\Sigma_b^+}$ being a strong
coupling for the decay $\Sigma_b^+\to \bar B^0 p$ and hence the predicted
branching ratio is well below the current experimental limit. The factorizable
contributions to $B^-\to\Lambda_c\bar p\pi^-$ can account for the observed
branching ratio of order $6\times 10^{-4}$. The branching ratio of order
$2\times 10^{-3}$ for $B^-\to\Lambda_c\bar p\rho^-$ is larger than that of
$B^-\to\Lambda_c\bar p\pi^-$ by a factor of about 2.6. We explain why the
three-body charmful baryonic B decay has a larger rate than the two-body one,
contrary to the case of mesonic B decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1884 </DOCNO>
Upper critical field and irreversibility line in superconducting MgB_2


  The upper critical field Hc2(T) of sintered pellets of the recently
discovered MgB_2 superconductor was investigated by transport, ac
susceptibility and dc magnetization measurements in magnetic fields up to 16 T
covering a temperature range between Tc ~ 39 K and T = 3 K ~ 0.1Tc. The
temperature dependence of the upper critical field, Hc2(T), shows a positive
curvature near Tc similar to that found for the borocarbides YNi_2B_2C and
LuNi_2B_2C indicating that MgB_2 is in the clean limit. The irreversibility
line was consistently determined from dc magnetization measurements and from
the imaginary component of ac susceptibility. The irreversibility field was
found to increase up to 8.5 T at 10 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129056 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Active Galactic Nuclei in Mid- and Far-Infrared Deep


  We present a summary on the discovery of active galactic nuclei in mid- and
far-infrared deep surveys with use of the Infrared Space Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169153 </DOCNO>
A Dynamical Theory of Markovian Diffusion


  A dynamical treatment of Markovian diffusion is presented and several
applications discussed. The stochastic interpretation of quantum mechanics is
considered within this framework. A model for Brownian movement which includes
second order quantum effects is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4362 </DOCNO>
Electrical transport through individual DNA molecules


  A theoretical study is presented to quantitatively analyze the transport
experiment through individual DNA molecules reported recently by Porath {\it et
al.} [Nature {\bf 403}, 635 (2000)]. A variety of valuable quantities are
identified by contacting the theoretical model with the measured data. The
partially decoherent nature on the GC pairs of DNA is elaborated in contrast to
the completely incoherent hopping mechanism discussed in the context of charge
transfer experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127360 </DOCNO>
Testing models of X-ray reflection from irradiated disks


  We model the reflected spectrum expected from localized magnetic flares above
an ionised accretion disk. We concentrate on the case of very luminous magnetic
flares above a standard accretion disk extending down to the last stable orbit,
and use a simple parameterisation to allow for an X-ray driven wind. Full disk
spectra including relativistic smearing are calculated. When fit with the
constant density reflection models, these spectra give both a low reflected
fraction and a small line width as seen in the hard spectra from Galactic Black
Hole Binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei. We fit our calculated spectra to real
data from the low/hard state of Nova Muscae and Cyg X-1 and show that these
models give comparable $\chi^2$ to those obtained from the constant density
reflection models which implied a truncated disk. This explicitally
demonstrates that the data are consistent with either magnetic flares above an
ionized disk extending down to the last stable orbit around a black hole, or
with non-ionized, truncated disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123608 </DOCNO>
Fragmentation in Kinematically Cold Disks


  Gravity is scale free. Thus gravity may form similar structures in
self-gravitating systems on different scales. Indeed, observations of the
interstellar medium, spiral disks and cosmic structures, reveal similar
characteristics. The structures in these systems are very lumpy and
inhomogeneous. Moreover some of these structures do not seem to be of random
nature, but obey certain power laws.
  Models of slightly dissipative self-gravitating disks show how such
inhomogeneous structures can be maintained on the kpc-scale. The basic physical
processes in these models are self-gravity, dissipation and differential
rotation. In order to explore the structures resulting from these processes,
local simulations of self-gravitating disks are performed in 2D and 3D. We
observe persistent patterns, formed by transient structures, whose intensity
and morphological characteristic depend on the dissipation rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77003 </DOCNO>
Constraints on $|U_{e3}|^2$ from a Three-Neutrino Oscillation Analysis


  Results of a new analysis of the CHOOZ data, performed in the framework of
three-neutrino mixing, are presented. Both the cases of normal and inverted
neutrino mass hierarchy are considered. The parameters characterizing the solar
neutrino oscillations, $\Delta m^2_{\odot}$ and $\theta_{\odot}$, are assumed
to lie in the region of the large mixing angle (LMA) MSW solution of the solar
neutrino problem. For $\Delta m^2_{\odot}$ not exceeding $10^{-4} eV^2$ the new
CHOOZ exclusion curve in the $\Delta m^2_{31} - |U_{e3}|^2$ plane practically
coincides with the exclusion curve obtained in the two-neutrino mixing case.
For $\Delta m^2_{\odot}$ bigger than or equal to $2x10^{-4} eV^2$, the
constraints of the CHOOZ data on $|U_{e3}|^2$ are more stringent than those
obtained in the two- neutrino oscillation analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83625 </DOCNO>
Application of Support Vector Machine to detect an association between a


  After the completion of human genome sequence was anounced, it is evident
that interpretation of DNA sequences is an immediate task to work on. For
understanding their signals, improvement of present sequence analysis tools and
developing new ones become necessary. Along this current trend, we attack one
of the fundamental questions, which set of SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)
variations is related to a specific disease or trait is. For, in the whole DNA
sequence, it is known that people have different DNAs only at SNP locations,
and moreover, the total SNPs are less than 5 millions, finding an association
between SNP variations and certain disease or trait is believed to be one of
the essential steps not only for genetic researches but for drug design and
discovery. In this paper, we are going to present a method of detecting whether
there is an association between multiple SNP variations and a trait or disease.
The method exploits the Support Vector Machine which has been attracting lots
of attentions recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87101 </DOCNO>
Torsion Gravity Effects on Charged-Particles and Neutron Interferometers


  Torsion gravitational effects in the quantum interference of charged
particles are investigated. The influence of axial torsion in the
Schiff-Banhill effect (SB) inside a metallic shell is given. The effect of
torsion on the surface of the earth on (SB) experiment is estimated. Torsion
gravity effects on the Sagnac phase-shift of neutron interferometry are also
computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81102 </DOCNO>
Fermion propagator at finite temperatures on extremely anisotropic


  Fermion propagator is computed in a simple model on an extremely anisotropic
lattice $\xi\gg1$. Fermion determinant is evaluated up to $\xi^{-4}$ order.
Chiral condensate is estimated in mean field approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125680 </DOCNO>
V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Nova): The Distance Problem


  The central star V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Nova) of the planetary nebula PN
G010.4+04.4 underwent in 1995-1996 the rare event of a very late helium flash.
It represents only one out of two such events during the era of modern
astronomy (the second event was V605 Aql = Nova Aql 1919). All the other
prominent objects of that type originate from events occurring several
thousands of years ago (e.g. A30, A78). Thus it is of special interest for
stellar evolution theory to model the detailed observations obtained during the
last four years. Those models depend essentially on basic stellar parameters
like effective temperature, surface gravity and stellar radius. Most of them
depend strongly on the assumed distance to the object. Some models may give
some constraints on this parameter, but most of them depend on the assumption
as input parameter. Hence to determine a relyable distance is of considerable
significance.This should be obtained through models that give us lower and
upper boundaries, or through means which are independent of models. The
detailed review, by using every kind of determination available up to now,
leads to a galactic foreground extinction of E(B-V) = 0.75+/-0.05 and a
distance of D =2.0 (-0.6;+1.0) kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5020 </DOCNO>
Kaon Condensation and Goldstone's Theorem


  We consider QCD at a nonzero chemical potential for strangeness. At a
critical value of the chemical potential equal to the kaon mass, kaon
condensation occurs through a continuous phase transition. We show that, when
the isospin symmetry is exact in the Lagrangian, a Goldstone boson with a
dispersion relation $E \sim p^2$ appears in the kaon condensed phase. At the
same time, the number of the Goldstone bosons is less than the number of broken
generators. Both phenomena are familiar in non-relativistic systems. We
interpret our results in terms of a Goldstone boson counting rule found
previously by Nielsen and Chadha. We also formulate a criterion sufficient for
the equality between the number of Goldstone bosons and the number of broken
generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148577 </DOCNO>
A Farewell To Unimodularity


  We interpret the unimodularity condition in almost commutative geometries as
central extensions of spin lifts. In Connes' formulation of the standard model
this interpretation allows to compute the hypercharges of the fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114375 </DOCNO>
Precision geometric parameter gage for synchrotron radiation


  This article includes the description of the geometric parameter gage device
prototype for synchrotron radiation of HERA collider (DESY). The system
construction which capable to measure photo current, caused by such a radiation
in a refractory metal, described here. The system component parts are:
measuring heads and photo current measuring electronics designed by IHEP,
stepper motor by Vacuum Generators with HEDS-550X encoder by Hewlett Packard,
PCI-STEP-4CX 4-Axis Closed Loop Step controller by National Instruments. The
device is controlled by means of Microsoft Visual Basic program using Value
Motion Windows Libraries. The device prototype was tested in the beam of the
DORIS storage ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124828 </DOCNO>
Infrared Space Observatory Spectra of R Coronae Borealis Stars. I.


  Infrared Space Observatory 3 - 25 $\mu$m spectra of the R Coronae Borealis
stars V854 Cen, R CrB, and RY Sgr are presented and discussed. Sharp emission
features coincident in wavelengths with the well known Unidentified Emission
Features are present in the spectrum of V854 Cen but not of R CrB or RY Sgr.
Since V854 Cen is not particularly H-poor and has a 1000 times more H than the
other stars, the emission features are probably from a carrier containing
hydrogen. There is a correspondence between the features and emission from
laboratory samples of hydrogenated amorphous carbon. A search for C$_{60}$ in
emission or absorption proved negative. Amorphous carbon particles account for
the broad emission features seen between 6 - 14 $\mu$m in the spectrum of each
star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72369 </DOCNO>
Solving the Hierarchy Problem with Brane Crystals


  The brane world scenario advocated by Arkani-Hamed et al. transmutes the
hierarchy problem into explaining why extra dimensions have sizes much larger
than the fundamental scale. In this paper we discuss possible solutions to this
problem by considering the compactified dimensions to be populated by a large
number of branes in a crystal lattice. The experimental consequences of this
scenario are described, including the presence of large energy gaps in the
spectrum of Kaluza-Klein modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72504 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian lattice QCD at finite density: equation of state in the


  The equation of state of Hamiltonian lattice QCD at finite density is
examined in the strong coupling limit by constructing a solution to the
equation of motion corresponding to an effective Hamiltonian describing the
ground state of the many body system. This solution exactly diagonalizes the
Hamiltonian to second order in field operators for all densities and is used to
evaluate the vacuum energy density from which we obtain the equation of state.
We find that up to and beyond the chiral symmetry restoration density the
pressure of the quark Fermi sea can be negative indicating its mechanical
instability. Our result is in qualitative agreement with continuum models and
should be verifiable by future lattice simulations of strongly coupled QCD at
finite density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6772 </DOCNO>
Interacting Agents and Continuous Opinions Dynamics


  We present a model of opinion dynamics in which agents adjust continuous
opinions as a result of random binary encounters whenever their difference in
opinion is below a given threshold. High thresholds yield convergence of
opinions towards an average opinion, whereas low thresholds result in several
opinion clusters. The model is further generalised to network interactions,
threshold heterogeneity, adaptive thresholds and binary strings of opinions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75302 </DOCNO>
Extra Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillations and CP Violation


  The potential for studying CP violation in neutrino oscillations using
conventional neutrino and anti-neutrino beams is examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6094 </DOCNO>
Structural and electrical transport properties of superconducting


  The structural and superconducting properties of Au{0.7}In{0.3} films, grown
by interdiffusion of alternating Au and In layers, have been studied. The films
were found to consist of a uniform solid solution of Au{0.9}In{0.1}, with
excess In precipitated in the form of In-rich grains of various Au-In phases
(with distinct atomic compositions), including intermetallic compounds. As the
temperature was lowered, these individual grains became superconducting at a
particular transition temperature (Tc), determined primarily by the atomic
composition of the grain, before a fully superconducting state of zero
resistance was established. From the observed onset Tc, it was inferred that up
to three different superconducting phases could have formed in these
Au{0.7}In{0.3} films, all of which were embedded in a uniform Au{0.9}In{0.1}
matrix. Among these phases, the Tc of a particular one, 0.8 K, is higher than
any previously reported for the Au-In system. The electrical transport
properties were studied down to low temperatures. The transport results were
found to be well correlated with those of the structural studies. The present
work suggests that Au{0.7}In{0.3} can be modeled as a random array of
superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) Josephson junctions. The
effect of disorder and the nature of the superconducting transition in these
Au{0.7}In{0.3} films are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76958 </DOCNO>
The COMPASS Experiment and the measurement of the gluon polarisation


  COMPASS, a new fixed target experiment at CERN, aimed at the study of nucleon
spin structure and hadron spectroscopy, has started to collect physics data in
Autumn 2001. This paper describes the COMPASS apparatus and the measurement of
the gluon polarisation $\Delta G /G$. The apparatus consists in a solid state
polarised target and a two stage spectro-meter with high resolution tracking,
particle identification and calorimetry, capable of standing high event rates.
COMPASS measures the longitudinal spin asymmetry of open charm production in
polarised deep inelastic muon nucleon scattering: this asymmetry is directly
related to $\Delta G$ since at COMPASS energies open charm is essentially
produced by photon gluon fusion only. A second channel, used to access $\Delta
G$ with higher statistics, is the production of correlated high $p_T$ hadron
pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113377 </DOCNO>
Interpreting High-Z Red Shift Cosmological Data


  The big bang theory of the universe holds that we exist amidst the remnants
of a single huge explosion that occurred about 15 billion years ago. Absent
acceleration, the recession velocity "v" between any two remnants (galaxies) is
constant. At any given time, the distance "r" between fragments is proportional
to v. This is Hubble's law, v=Hr, where H is about 65 km/sec/megaparsec. For
small velocities, one can use the red shift, $Z which is approximately the same
as\beta. The velocity is v= beta c. At larger velocities, Z exceeds beta and
requires SR correction. A second problem is that the measured distances refer
to different times. These problems are resolved by plotting distance vs.
beta/(beta + 1). If there is no acceleration, this leads to a linear plot.
Plotted this way, recent high-Z data by Perlmutter, Riess, and Schmidt exhibits
three linear regions. Since the slope of a linear Hubble plot (1/H) measures
time since the big bang, the data indicates the occurrence of big bangs at 15,
48, and 146 billion years ago. The question, whether this big bang universe is
open or closed, is rendered moot since we observe galaxies older than 15
billion years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127138 </DOCNO>
Was the Cosmic Web of Protogalactic Material Permeated by Lobes of Radio


  Evidence for extended active lifetimes (> 10^8 yr) for radio galaxies implies
that many large radio lobes were produced during the `quasar era', 1.5 < z < 3,
when the comoving density of radio sources was 2 -- 3 dex higher than the
present level. However, inverse Compton losses against the intense microwave
background substantially reduce the ages and numbers of sources that are
detected in flux-limited surveys. The realization that the galaxy forming
material in those epochs was concentrated in filaments occupying a small
fraction of the total volume then leads to the conclusion that radio lobes
permeated much of the volume occupied by the protogalactic material during that
era. The sustained overpressure in these extended lobes is likely to have
played an important role in triggering the high inferred rate of galaxy
formation at z > 1.5 and in the magnetization of the cosmic network of
filaments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126986 </DOCNO>
A Solution to the Missing Link in the Press-Schechter Formalism


  The Press-Schechter (PS) formalism for mass functions of the gravitationally
collapsed objects is reanalyzed. It has been suggested by many authors that the
PS mass function agrees well with the mass function given by $N$-body
simulations, while many too simple assumptions are contained in the formalism.
In order to understand why the PS formalism works well we consider the
following three effects on the mass function: the filtering effect of the
density fluctuation field, the peak ansatz in which objects collapse around
density maxima, and the spatial correlation of density contrasts within a
region of a collapsing halo because objects have non-zero finite volume.
According to the method given by Yano, Nagashima & Gouda (YNG) who used an
integral formula proposed by Jedamzik, we resolve the missing link in the PS
formalism, taking into account the three effects. While YNG showed that the
effect of the spatial correlation alters the original PS mass function, in this
paper, we show that the filtering effect almost cancels out the effect of the
spatial correlation and that the original PS is almost recovered by combining
these two effects, particularly in the case of the top-hat filter. On the other
hand, as for the peak ansatz, the resultant mass functions are changed
dramatically and not in agreement especially at low-mass tails in the cases of
the Gaussian and the sharp $k$-space filters. We show that these properties of
the mass function can be interpreted in terms of the kernel probability
$P(M_{1}| M_{2})$ in the integral formula qualitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126597 </DOCNO>
A proposed theoretical basis for a MOND cosmology: I. The inertial frame


  This first of four papers is a speculation on the nature of Mach's Principle,
derived from the formulation of two questions: (A) Can a globally inertial
space and time be associated with a non-trivial global matter distribution? (B)
If so, what are the general properties of such a global distribution? The
answers are yes subject to the condition that mass is distributed fractally
with D=2. Such a prediction is supported, for example, in Joyce, Montuori,
Labini astro-ph/9901290.
  The second paper then shows how gravitational phenomena arise as consequences
of perturbations of this equilibrium D=2 distribution.
  The third paper analyses the neutral hydrogen distribution in the discs of a
sample of spirals to show that rho = k/R^2 is an extremely good model for
density variation of neutral hydrogen in discs (that is, excluding the bulges)
over the sample.
  The fourth paper derives a gravitational model for an idealized spiral, using
the disc density model of the third paper. The main result is that, *in the
disc*, V_rot = A/R^alpha where (A, alpha) are constants which vary between
spirals. See astro-ph/0107305, which concludes that a power-law model is
powerfully confirmed for ORCs as a statistical generality over large samples,
and astro-ph/0107300 for new phenomonology discovered via this analysis.
  Thus, unlike MOND, we have only been concerned with model predictions made
for idealized matter distributions, and tested over very large numbers of ORCs.
But, like those of MOND, the predictions are very powerfully supported on the
data. For this reason, we hypothesize that perspectives of MOND are buried
within our own formalism. This remains a topic for future work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83808 </DOCNO>
Exact Complexity of Exact-Four-Colorability


  Let $M_k \seq \nats$ be a given set that consists of $k$ noncontiguous
integers. Define $\exactcolor{M_k}$ to be the problem of determining whether
$\chi(G)$, the chromatic number of a given graph $G$, equals one of the $k$
elements of the set $M_k$ exactly. In 1987, Wagner \cite{wag:j:min-max} proved
that $\exactcolor{M_k}$ is $\bhlevel{2k}$-complete, where $M_k = \{6k+1, 6k+3,
>..., 8k-1 \}$ and $\bhlevel{2k}$ is the $2k$th level of the boolean hierarchy
over $\np$. In particular, for $k = 1$, it is DP-complete to determine whether
$\chi(G) = 7$, where $\DP = \bhlevel{2}$. Wagner raised the question of how
small the numbers in a $k$-element set $M_k$ can be chosen such that
$\exactcolor{M_k}$ still is $\bhlevel{2k}$-complete. In particular, for $k =
1$, he asked if it is DP-complete to determine whether $\chi(G) = 4$. In this
note, we solve this question of Wagner and determine the precise threshold $t
\in \{4, 5, 6, 7\}$ for which the problem $\exactcolor{\{t\}}$ jumps from NP to
DP-completeness: It is DP-complete to determine whether $\chi(G) = 4$, yet
$\exactcolor{\{3\}}$ is in $\np$. More generally, for each $k \geq 1$, we show
that $\exactcolor{M_k}$ is $\bhlevel{2k}$-complete for $M_k = \{3k+1, 3k+3,...,
5k-1\}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98302 </DOCNO>
On uniqueness of JSJ decompositions of finitely generated groups


  We show that JSJ decompositions of finitely generated groups are unique
whenever they are strongly slide-free. When this condition does not hold they
are still unique up to elementary deformation. These results hold for the JSJ
decompositions of Rips and Sela, Dunwoody and Sageev, and Fujiwara and
Papasoglu.
  We also answer the question of Rips and Sela stated in "Cyclic splittings of
finitely presented groups and the canonical JSJ decomposition," Ann. of Math.
146 (1997), 53-109, by exhibiting two JSJ decompositions of a group that are
not related by conjugation, conjugation of edge-inclusions, and slide moves.
This shows that elementary deformation is the strongest form of uniqueness that
can hold for JSJ decompositions in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7604 </DOCNO>
Adsorption in non interconnected pores open at one or at both ends: A


  We report on an experimental study of adsorption isotherme of nitrogen onto
porous silicon with non interconnected pores open at one or at both ends in
order to check for the first time the old (1938) but always current idea based
on Cohan's description which suggests that the adsorption of gaz should occur
reversibly in the first case and irreversibly in the second one. Hysteresis
loops, the shape of which is usually associated to interconnections in porous
media, are observed whether the pores are open at one or at both ends in
contradiction with Cohan's model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40956 </DOCNO>
Search for solar axions using Li-7


  We describe a novel approach to the search for solar, near-monochromatic
hadronic axions, the latter being suggested to be created in the solar core
during M1 transitions between the first excited level of Li-7, at 478 keV, and
the ground state. As a result of Doppler broadening, in principle these axions
can be detected via resonant absorption by the same nuclide on the Earth.
Excited nuclei of Li-7 are produced in the solar interior by Be-7 electron
capture and thus the axions are accompanied by emission of Be-7 solar neutrinos
of energy 384 keV. An experiment was made which has yielded an upper limit on
hadronic axion mass of 32 keV at the 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148233 </DOCNO>
On Level Quantization for the Noncommutative Chern-Simons Theory


  We show that the coefficient of the three-dimensional Chern-Simons action on
the noncommutative plane must be quantized. Similar considerations apply in
other dimensions as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2770 </DOCNO>
Two Gap State Density in MgB$_{2}$: A True Bulk Property or A Proximity


  We report on the temperature dependence of the quasiparticle density of
states (DOS) in the simple binary compound MgB2 directly measured using
scanning tunneling microscope (STM). To achieve high quality tunneling
conditions, a small crystal of MgB2 is used as a tip in the STM experiment. The
``sample'' is chosen to be a 2H-NbSe2 single crystal presenting an atomically
flat surface. At low temperature the tunneling conductance spectra show a gap
at the Fermi energy followed by two well-pronounced conductance peaks on each
side. They appear at voltages V$_{S}\simeq \pm 3.8$ mV and V$_{L}\simeq \pm
7.8$ mV. With rising temperature both peaks disappear at the Tc of the bulk
MgB2, a behavior consistent with the model of two-gap superconductivity. The
explanation of the double-peak structure in terms of a particular proximity
effect is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97 </DOCNO>
Many-body theory of the quantum mirage


  In recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, confinement in an
elliptical corral has been used to project the Kondo effect from one focus to
the other one. I solve the Anderson model at arbitrary temperatures, for an
impurity hybridized with eigenstates of an elliptical corral, each of which has
a resonant level width delta. This width is crucial. If delta < 20 meV, the
Kondo peak disappears, while if delta > 80 meV, the mirage disappears. For
particular conditions, a stronger mirage with the impurity out of the foci is
predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114098 </DOCNO>
Discrete symmetry and quark, lepton and vector gauge boson mass


  Some interesting mass expressions for all the quarks, leptons and vector
gauge bosons are presented based on simple discrete symmetry. Precise
expressions for the nucleon masses are presented as an example of the
calculation techniques employed. The structure of the Higgs sector is explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77019 </DOCNO>
Implications of Gauge Unification for Time Variation of the Fine


  Unification of the gauge couplings would imply that time variations of the
fine structure constant are accompanied by calculable and very significant time
variations in the QCD scale parameter $\Lambda_{QCD}$. Since $\Lambda_{QCD}$ is
the dominant factor in setting the hadron masses, estimates made by simple
variations of the fine structure constant may not provide meaningful limits.
There may also be related variations in Yukawa couplings and the electroweak
scale. Implications for the 21 cm hyperfine transition, big bang
nucleosynthesis, and the triple alpha process are discussed. We find that the
first of these already provides strong constraints on the underlying theory. It
is emphasized more generally that time (and space) variations of fundamental
couplings and their correlations may be a significant probe of
ultra-high-energy physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4104 </DOCNO>
Classical versus Quantum Structure of the Scattering Probability Matrix.


  The purely classical counterpart of the Scattering Probability Matrix (SPM)
$\mid S_{n,m}\mid^2$ of the quantum scattering matrix $S$ is defined for 2D
quantum waveguides for an arbitrary number of propagating modes $M$. We compare
the quantum and classical structures of $\mid S_{n,m}\mid^2$ for a waveguide
with generic Hamiltonian chaos. It is shown that even for a moderate number of
channels, knowledge of the classical structure of the SPM allows us to predict
the global structure of the quantum one and, hence, understand important
quantum transport properties of waveguides in terms of purely classical
dynamics. It is also shown that the SPM, being an intensity measure, can give
additional dynamical information to that obtained by the Poincar\`{e} maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98654 </DOCNO>
Circle valued Morse theory and Novikov homology


  An introduction to circle valued Morse theory and Novikov homology, from an
algebraic point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85918 </DOCNO>
Axial-Vector Torsion and the Teleparallel Kerr Spacetime


  In the context of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, we
obtain the tetrad and the torsion fields of the stationary axisymmetric Kerr
spacetime. It is shown that, in the slow rotation and weak field
approximations, the axial-vector torsion plays the role of the gravitomagnetic
component of the gravitational field, and is thus the responsible for the
Lense-Thirring effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83736 </DOCNO>
Lower Bounds for Zero-knowledge on the Internet


  We consider zero knowledge interactive proofs in a richer, more realistic
communication environment. In this setting, one may simultaneously engage in
many interactive proofs, and these proofs may take place in an asynchronous
fashion. It is known that zero-knowledge is not necessarily preserved in such
an environment; we show that for a large class of protocols, it cannot be
preserved. Any 4 round (computational) zero-knowledge interactive proof (or
argument) for a non-trivial language L is not black-box simulatable in the
asynchronous setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126631 </DOCNO>
Wide field weak lensing observations of A1689


  We present a mass profile for A1689 from 0.13 h^{-1} Mpc < r < 2 h^{-1} Mpc
from a weak lensing analysis of a 34'x34' R-band image from the ESO/MPG Wide
Field Imager. We detect the gravitational shearing of a 23<R<25.5 background
galaxy population even at the edge of the image with a 4-sigma significance,
and find a two-dimensional mass reconstruction has a 13.4-sigma significance
mass peak centered on the brightest cluster galaxy. This peak is well fit by
both a 1028+-35 km/s singular isothermal sphere and a r200 = 1.28 Mpc, c = 6
universal CDM profile, although the universal CDM profile provides a better fit
with 95.5% confidence. These mass measurements are lower than most of those
derived by other means and we discuss possible reasons for weak lensing
providing an underestimate of the true mass of the cluster. We find that the
correction factors needed to reconcile the weak lensing mass models with the
strong lensing Einstein radius would result is a much larger fraction of faint
stars and foreground and cluster dwarf galaxies in the 23<R<25.5 object catalog
than is seen in other fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3078 </DOCNO>
Weak Ferromagnetism and Excitonic Condensates


  We investigate a model of excitonic ordering (i.e electron-hole pair
condensation) appropriate for the divalent hexaborides. We show that the
inclusion of imperfectly nested electron hole Fermi surfaces can lead to the
formation of an undoped excitonic metal phase. In addition, we find that weak
ferromagnetism with compensated moments arises as a result of gapless
excitations. We study the effect of the low lying excitations on the density of
states, Fermi surface topology and optical conductivity and compare to
available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3098 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Diode Effect in Double Barrier Tunnel Junctions


  A quantum statistical theory of spin-dependent tunneling through asymmetric
magnetic double barrier junctions is presented which describes $both$ ballistic
and diffuse tunneling by a single analytical expression. It is evidenced that
the key parameter for the transition between these two tunneling regimes is the
electron scattering. For these junctions a strong asymmetric behaviour in the
I-V characteristics and the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is predicted which
can be controlled by an applied magnetic field. This phenomenon relates to the
quantum well states in the middle metallic layer. The corresponding resonances
in the current and the TMR are drastically phase shifted under positive and
negative voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41800 </DOCNO>
Physics Motivations for Future CERN Accelerators


  We summarize the physics motivations for future accelerators at CERN. We
argue that (a) a luminosity upgrade for the LHC could provide good physics
return for a relatively modest capital investment, (b) CLIC would provide
excellent long-term perspectives within many speculative scenarios for physics
beyond the Standard Model, (c) a Very Large Hadron Collider could provide the
first opportunity to explore the energy range up to about 30 TeV, (d) a
neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring would provide an exciting and
complementary scientific programme and a muon collider could be an interesting
later option.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75228 </DOCNO>
Flow effects on the freeze-out phase-space density in heavy ion


  The strong longitudinal expansion of the reaction zone formed in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions is found to significantly reduce the spatially averaged
pion phase-space density, compared to naive estimates based on thermal
distributions. This has important implications for data interpretation and
leads to larger values for the extracted pion chemical potential at kinetic
freeze-out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126951 </DOCNO>
The deepest X-ray look at the Universe


  The origin of the X-ray background, in particular at hard (2-10 keV)
energies, has been a debated issue for more than 30 years. The Chandra deep
fields provide the deepest look at the X-ray sky and are the best dataset to
study the X-ray background. We searched the Chandra Deep Field South for X-ray
sources with the aid of a dedicated wavelet-based algorithm. We are able to
reconstruct the Log N-Log S source distribution in the soft (0.5-2 keV) and
hard (2-10 keV) bands down to limiting fluxes of 2x10^{-17} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2}
and 2x10^{-16} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2}, respectively. These are a factor ~5 deeper
than previous investigations. We find that the soft relation continues along
the extrapolation from higher fluxes, almost completely accounting for the soft
X-ray background. On the contrary, the hard distribution shows a flattening
below ~2x10^{-14} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2}. Nevertheless, we can account for >68% of
the hard X-ray background, with the main uncertainty being the sky flux itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4393 </DOCNO>
Evidence for an unconventional magnetic instability in the


  Thermodynamic experiments as well as Raman scattering have been used to study
the magnetic instabilities in the spin-tetrahedra systems Cu_2Te_2O_5X_2, X=Cl
and Br. While the phase transition observed in the Cl system at T_o=18.2 K is
consistent with 3D AF ordering, the phase transition at T_o=11.3 K in the Br
system has several unusual features. We propose an explanation in terms of
weakly coupled tetrahedra with a singlet-triplet gap and low lying singlets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114044 </DOCNO>
The `diffusion' of light and angular distribution in the laser equipped


  The distribution of radiation is investigated for the modeless laser having a
multilobe mirror with the lobes (planes) inclined by small angles to optical
axis. It is shown that change of the direction resulting from many passages of
a ray through the optical system including a multilobe mirror may be described
as Brownian walk of a point along the plane or equivalently as a solution of
the two-dimensional diffusion equation. Boundary conditions for the diffusion
equation may be approximately formulated as null conditions at some angle
which, if being reached during the walk, guarantees that the ray escape from
the optical system. In the framework of this approximation an explicit formula
for the distribution of the outgoing ray in different angles is derived. After
many passages through the optical system the angular distribution tends to some
universal function. In the case of the round mirror it may be presented by the
Bessel function of order zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179453 </DOCNO>
Energy and centrality dependences of charged multiplicity density in


  Using a hadron and string cascade model, JPCIAE, the energy and centrality
dependences of charged particle pseudorapidity density in relativistic nuclear
collisions were studied. Within the framework of this model, both the
relativistic $p+\bar p$ experimental data and the PHOBOS and PHENIX $Au+Au$
data at $\sqrt s_{nn}$=130 GeV could be reproduced fairly well without retuning
the model parameters. The predictions for full RHIC energy $Au+Au$ collisions
and for $Pb+Pb$ collisions at the ALICE energy were given. Participant nucleon
distributions were calculated based on different methods. It was found that the
number of participant nucleons, $<N_{part}>$, is not a well defined variable
both experimentally and theoretically. Therefore, it is inappropriate to use
charged particle pseudorapidity density per participant pair as a function of
$<N_{part}>$ for distinguishing various theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113871 </DOCNO>
C$_{60}$ in intense femtosecond laser pulses: nonlinear dipole response


  We study the interaction of strong femtosecond laser pulses with the C$_{60}$
molecule employing time-dependent density functional theory with the ionic
background treated in a jellium approximation. The laser intensities considered
are below the threshold of strong fragmentation but too high for perturbative
treatments such as linear response. The nonlinear response of the model to
excitations by short pulses of frequencies up to 45eV is presented and analyzed
with the help of Kohn-Sham orbital resolved dipole spectra. In femtosecond
laser pulses of 800nm wavelength ionization is found to occur multiphoton-like
rather than via excitation of a ``giant'' resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124998 </DOCNO>
Late Light Curves of Type Ia Supernovae


  We extend earlier efforts to determine whether the late (t$\geq$60d)
light-curves of type Ia SNe are better explained by the escape of positrons
from the ejecta or by the complete deposition of positron kinetic energy in a
trapping magnetic field We find that applying a filter efficiency correction,
derived from measured spectra, to B, V, R, and I light-curves after day 50 can
produce a consistent bolometric light-curve. The V band is an accurate
indicator of total emission in the 3500$\AA$ - 9700$\AA$ range, with a constant
fraction ($\sim$25%) appearing in the V band after day 50. This suggests that
the V band scales with the bolometric luminosity, and that the deposited energy
is instantaneously recycled into optical emission during this epoch. Varying
bolometric corrections for the other bands are derived. We see significant
evolution of the colors of SNe Ia between day 50 and day 170. We suggest that
this may be due to the transition from spectra dominated by emission lines from
the radioactive nucleus, $^{56}$Co, to those from the stable daughter nucleus,
$^{56}$Fe. We show that the B, V, R, and I band light-curves of SNe Ia after
t$\geq$60d can be completely explained with energy deposition from $^{56}$Co
decay photons and positrons if substantial positron escape occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168757 </DOCNO>
On the "Fake" Inferred Entanglement Associated with the Maximum Entropy


  The inference of entangled quantum states by recourse to the maximum entropy
principle is considered in connection with the recently pointed out problem of
fake inferred entanglement [R. Horodecki, {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. A {\it 59}
(1999) 1799]. We show that there are operators $\hat A$, both diagonal and non
diagonal in the Bell basis, such that when the expectation value $<\hat A>$ is
taken as prior information the problem of fake entanglement is not solved by
adding a new constraint associated with the mean value of $\hat A^2$ (unlike
what happens when the partial information is given by the expectation value of
a Bell operator). The fake entanglement generated by the maximum entropy
principle is also studied quantitatively by comparing the entanglement of
formation of the inferred state with that of the original one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150114 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Polarization of a Scalar Field in a Rectangular Waveguide


  An analysis of the one-loop vacuum fluctuations associated with a massless
scalar field, confined in the interior of a rectangular infinitely long
waveguide is presented. To identify the infinities of the vacuum fluctuations
we are using different analytic regularization procedures, instead of the usual
point-splitting Green's function method. The infinities which occur in
$<\phi^{2}(x)>$ fall into two distinct classes: local divergences
that are renormalized by the introduction of bulk counterterms and also surface
and edges divergences that demand countertems concentrated on the
boundaries.Detailed form of the surface and edge divergences are presented.
Different possible solutions that can eliminate these divergences are discussed
and also possible experimental test of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98377 </DOCNO>
The Tensor Product of Representations of U_q(sl_2) Via Quivers


  Using the tensor product variety introduced by Malkin and Nakajima, the
complete structure of the tensor product of a finite number of integrable
highest weight modules of U_q(sl_2) is recovered. In particular, the elementary
basis, Lusztig's canonical basis, and the basis adapted to the decomposition of
the tensor product into simple modules are all exhibited as distiguished
elements of certain spaces of invariant functions on the tensor product
variety. For the latter two bases, these distinguished elements are closely
related to the irreducible components of the tensor product variety. The space
of intertwiners is also interpreted geometrically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6172 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Models of Financial Markets


  Submitted to F. Schweitzer (ed.), Microscopic Models for Economic Dynamics,
 Lecture notes in physics, Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg 2002.kiel.tex

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73807 </DOCNO>
Resummation of non-global QCD observables


  We discuss issues related to the resummation of non-global observables in
QCD, those that are sensitive to radiation in only a part of phase space.
Examples of such observables are certain single-hemisphere event shapes in e+e-
and DIS. Compared to global observables (those sensitive to all emissions, e.g.
the e+e- thrust) a new class of single-logarithmic terms arises. These have
been neglected in recent calculations in the literature. For a whole set of
single hemisphere e+e- and DIS event shapes, we analytically evaluate the first
such term, at order alpha_s^2, and give numerical results for the resummation
of these terms in the large-Nc limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127406 </DOCNO>
X-ray transient AGN and galaxies


  X-ray transience is the most extreme form of variability observed in AGN or
normal in-active galaxies. While factors of 2-3 on timescales of days to years
are quite commen among AGN, X-ray transients appear only once and vanish from
the X-ray sky years later. The ROSAT All-Sky Survey was the tool to discover
these sources. X-ray transience in AGN or galaxies can be caused by dramatic
changes in the accretion rate of the central black hole or by changes of the
properties of the accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96602 </DOCNO>
Fusion multiplicities as polytope volumes: N-point and higher-genus


  We present the first polytope volume formulas for the multiplicities of
affine fusion, the fusion in Wess-Zumino-Witten conformal field theories, for
example. Thus, we characterise fusion multiplicities as discretised volumes of
certain convex polytopes, and write them explicitly as multiple sums measuring
those volumes. We focus on su(2), but discuss higher-point (N>3) and
higher-genus fusion in a general way. The method follows that of our previous
work on tensor product multiplicities, and so is based on the concepts of
generalised Berenstein-Zelevinsky diagrams, and virtual couplings. As a
by-product, we also determine necessary and sufficient conditions for
non-vanishing higher-point fusion multiplicities. In the limit of large level,
these inequalities reduce to very simple non-vanishing conditions for the
corresponding tensor product multiplicities. Finally, we find the minimum level
at which the higher-point fusion and tensor product multiplicities coincide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113612 </DOCNO>
Acoustic scattering by a cylinder near a pressure release surface


  This paper presents a study of acoustic scattering by a cylinder of either
infinite or finite length near a flat pressure-release surface. A novel
self-consistent method is developed to describe the multiple scattering
interactions between the cylinder and the surface. The complete scattering
amplitude for the cylinder is derived from a set of equations, and is
numerically evaluated. The results show that the presence of the surface can
either enhance or reduce the scattering of the cylinder, depending on the
frequency, the composition of the cylinder, and the distance between the
cylinder and the surface. Both air-filled and rigid cylinders are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41145 </DOCNO>
F2p at low Q^2 and the total gamma-p cross section at HERA


  New precise measurements of the neutral current cross section at HERA are
presented in different Q^2 regimes. In the photoproduction limit the total
gamma-p cross section is found to be in agreement with the universal soft
Pomeron prediction. At medium scales 1.5 < Q^2 < 150 GeV^2 both the F_2 and the
F_L structure functions are determined. These data are well described by NLO
pQCD. The gluon density in the proton has been extracted from the scaling
violation of F_2 at low x. The transition between the two regimes occurs at
around Q^2=1 GeV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169343 </DOCNO>
Chow's theorem and universal holonomic quantum computation


  A theorem from control theory relating the Lie algebra generated by vector
fields on a manifold to the controllability of the dynamical system is shown to
apply to Holonomic Quantum Computation. Conditions for deriving the holonomy
algebra are presented by taking covariant derivatives of the curvature
associated to a non-Abelian gauge connection. When applied to the Optical
Holonomic Computer, these conditions determine that the holonomy group of the
two-qubit interaction model contains $SU(2) \times SU(2)$. In particular, a
universal two-qubit logic gate is attainable for this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1769 </DOCNO>
Time decay of the remanent magnetization in the $\pm J$ spin glass model


  Using the zero-temperature Metropolis dynamics, the time decay of the
remanent magnetization in the $\pm J$ Edward-Anderson spin glass model with a
uniform random distribution of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions
has been investigated. Starting from the saturation, the magnetization per spin
$m$ reveals a slow decrease with time, which can be approximated by a power
law:$m(t)=m_{\infty}+ ({t\over a_{0}})^{a_{1}}$, $a_{1} < 0$. Moreover, its
relaxation does not lead it into one of the ground states, and therefore the
system is trapped in metastable isoenergetic microstates remaining magnetized.
Such behaviour is discussed in terms of a random walk the system performs on
its available configuration space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2592 </DOCNO>
SU$_M$(2)$\times$U$_C$(1) Gauge Symmetry in High $T_c$ Superconductivity


  The square lattice structure of $CuO_2$ layers and the strongly correlated
property of electrons indicate that the high $T_c$ superconductivity in
cuprates can be described by a SO$_M$(5) coherent pairing state in which a
SU$_M$(2)$\times$U$_C$(1) gauge symmetry is embedded. The spin and charge
fluctuations that characterize the low energy magnetic excitations in cuprates
are controlled by this intrinsic SU$_M$(2)$\times$U$_C$(1) gauge symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124581 </DOCNO>
Resonance Line Scattering in Supernova Remnant Shocks


  We present a three dimensional radiative transfer model to examine the
effects of resonance line scattering in the post-shock flow behind a
non-radiative supernova remnant shock. For a rippled shock front viewed
edge-on, line scattering significantly reduces the observed flux of CIV 1549
and NV 1240, two important diagnostic lines in the ultraviolet spectra of
supernova remnants. The correction factor (defined to be the ratio of the line
flux that would be observed neglecting scattering, to the actual observed line
flux) is a function of position within the filament. For sufficiently large
regions that include crisp edges as well as more diffuse regions of the
filament structure, the CIV and NV correction factors are between about 1.5 and
3.5 (and the CIV correction factor is invariably larger than the NV correction
factor). The correction factors have a larger range when smaller regions are
considered. The CIV correction factor is about 6 at the filament edges, while
the NV correction factor is about 4. These simulations of resonance line
scattering will be useful for the analysis of supernova remnant shock spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114367 </DOCNO>
GPIB Address Converter


  A GPIB address converter (GAC) has been constructed. This paper reports on
the function and test results. The GAC has two GPIB connectors (upper and lower
ports). The upper port has a GPIB primary address, and connected to a GPIB
system controller. The lower port acts as a GPIB controller of the lower side
GPIB line. The GPIB system controller can access the lower side GPIB devices
through the GAC by using an extended two-byte address function. The two-byte
address (primary + secondary) is shown in the combination of the GAC address
and the address of the lower side device. The GAC converts the secondary
address into the primary address of the lower side GPIB device. By using 30
GACs, the GPIB system controller can access 930 devices assigned only primary
address.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129443 </DOCNO>
Astrometric Detection of Double Gravitational Microlensing Events


  If a gravitational microlensing event is caused by a widely separated binary
lens and the source approaches both lens components, the source flux is
successively magnified by the individual lenses: double microlensing events. If
events are observed astrometrically, double lensing events are expected to
occur with an increased frequency due to the long range astrometric effect of
the companion. We find that although the trajectory of the source star image
centroid shifts of an astrometric double lensing event has a distorted shape
from both of the elliptical ones induced by the individual single lens
components, event duplication can be readily identified by the characteristic
loop in the trajectory formed during the source's passage close to the
companion. We determine and compare the probabilities of detecting double
lensing events from both photometric and astrometric lensing observations by
deriving analytic expressions for the relations between binary lensing
parameters to become double lensing events. From this determination, we find
that for a given set of the binary separation and the mass ratio the
astrometric probability is roughly an order higher than the photometric
probability. Therefore, we predict that a significant fraction of events that
will be followed up by using future high precision interferometeric instruments
will be identified as double lensing events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124464 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Fields of Neutron Stars: an Overview


  Observations indicate that magnetic fields on neutron stars span at least the
range $10^{8-15}$ G, corresponding to a range of magnetic fluxes similar to
that found in white dwarfs and main sequence stars. The observational evidence
is discussed, as well as the possible origin of the field, and the associated
phenomenology (``classical'', millisecond, and binary pulsars, ``magnetars'',
etc.). Particular attention is given to physical processes potentially leading
to magnetic field evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149425 </DOCNO>
D6-branes wrapping Kahler four-cycles


  We construct supergravity duals of D6-branes wrapping Kahler four-cycles
inside a Calabi-Yau threefold, CY_3. We obtain the purely gravitational
M-theory description, which turns out to be a Calabi-Yau fourfold, CY_4. We
also analyze the dynamics of a probe D6 in this background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1715 </DOCNO>
Transport Properties Calculation in the Superconducting State for a


  We performed a self-consistent calculation of the transport properties of a
d-wave superconductor. We used for calculations the T-matrix approximation. The
coresponding equations were evaluated numerically directly on the real frequecy
axis. We studied the ab-plane charge dynamics in the coherent limit. For the
c-axis charge dynamics, we considered both, the coherent and the incoherent
limit. We also have calculated the penetration depth in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148476 </DOCNO>
Exact String Solutions in Nontrivial Backgrounds


  We show how the classical string dynamics in $D$-dimensional gravity
background can be reduced to the dynamics of a massless particle constrained on
a certain surface whenever there exists at least one Killing vector for the
background metric. We obtain a number of sufficient conditions, which ensure
the existence of exact solutions to the equations of motion and constraints.
These results are extended to include the Kalb-Ramond background. The
$D1$-brane dynamics is also analyzed and exact solutions are found. Finally, we
illustrate our considerations with several examples in different dimensions.
All this also applies to the tensionless strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96074 </DOCNO>
Equivalence of Geometric and Combinatorial Dehn Functions


  We prove that if a finitely presented group acts properly discontinuously,
cocompactly and by isometries on a simply connected Riemannian manifold, then
the Dehn function of the group and the corresponding filling function of the
manifold are equivalent, in a sense described below.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124966 </DOCNO>
Nickel Mixing in the Outer Layers of SN 1987A


  Supernova 1987A remains the most well-observed and well-studied supernova to
date. Observations produced excellent broad-band photometric and spectroscopic
coverage over a wide wavelength range at all epochs. Here, we focus on the very
early spectroscopic observations. Only recently have numerical models been of
sufficient detail to accurately explain the observed spectra. In SN 1987A, good
agreement has been found between observed and synthetic spectra for day one,
but by day four, the predicted Balmer lines become much weaker than the
observed lines. We present the results of work based on a
radiation-hydrodynamic model by Blinnikov and collaborators. Synthetic non-LTE
spectra generated from this model by the general radiation transfer code
PHOENIX strongly support the theory that significant mixing of nickel into the
outer envelope is required to maintain strong Balmer lines. Preliminary results
suggest a lower limit to the average nickel mass of 1.0 \times 10^{-5} solar
masses is required above 5000 \kmps by day four. PHOENIX models thus have the
potential to be a sensitive probe for nickel mixing in the outer layers of a
supernova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76965 </DOCNO>
Four Body Decay of the Stop Squark at the Upgraded Tevatron


  We investigate the prospect of stop squark search at Tevatron RUN-II in
mSUGRA motivated as well as unconstrained supersymmetric models, when the
lighter stop squark turns out to be the next lightest supersymmetric particle
(NLSP). In this case the decay into a 4-body final state consisting of a b
quark, the lightest neutralino and two light fermions may compete with the much
publicized loop induced two body decay into a charm quark and the lightest
neutralino. We systematically study the parameter space in mSUGRA where the
lighter stop squark turns out to be the NLSP and calculate the branching ratios
of the competing channels in both models. Our results show that the four body
decay may indeed be the main discovery channel particularly in the low tan
$\beta$ scenarios. We discuss the detectability of stop squark pairs in the
4-body decay channel leading to one lepton with 2 or more jets accompanied by a
large amount of missing energy. We also studied the corresponding background
processes and the kinematic cuts required to suppress them using parton level
Monte Carlo simulations. We have commented upon with illustrative examples, the
required revision of the existing mass limits of the stop NLSP assumed to decay
solely into the loop induced 2-body channel in the presence of the competing
4-body decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7377 </DOCNO>
Neutron Scattering Study of the Spin Correlation in the Spin Ice System


  Intensity distribution of the neutron magnetic scattering has been taken in
the reciprocal space of a single crystal of the "spin ice" system Ho2Ti2O7 at
the elastic energy position in the temperature (T) region between 0.4 K and 50
K. The short range magnetic correlation becomes appreciable with decreasing T
at around 30 K. The freezing of the moment system takes place at around 1.5 K
with decreasing T. Based on the mean field treatment of the moment system, the
distribution of the observed intensity has been reproduced, where the dipolar
interaction is confirmed to be primarily important for the determination of the
magnetic correlation. Simple calculations of the scattering intensity carried
out by using a cluster of 25 moments of Ho3+ ions indicate that there are many
types of the moment arrangement within a cluster which have almost degenerated
energies, indicating that the system cannot uniquely select the correlation
pattern down to rather low temperature, and before going to the lowest energy
state, the system undergoes the gradual slowing down to the glassy state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96113 </DOCNO>
Bound States in Mildly Curved Layers


  It has been shown recently that a nonrelativistic quantum particle
constrained to a hard-wall layer of constant width built over a geodesically
complete simply connected noncompact curved surface can have bound states
provided the surface is not a plane. In this paper we study the weak-coupling
asymptotics of these bound states, i.e. the situation when the surface is a
mildly curved plane. Under suitable assumptions about regularity and decay of
surface curvatures we derive the leading order in the ground-state eigenvalue
expansion. The argument is based on Birman-Schwinger analysis of Schroedinger
operators in a planar hard-wall layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98805 </DOCNO>
Exact Chromatic Polynomials for Toroidal Chains of Complete Graphs


  We present exact calculations of the partition function of the
zero-temperature Potts antiferromagnet (equivalently, the chromatic polynomial)
for graphs of arbitrarily great length composed of repeated complete subgraphs
$K_b$ with $b=5,6$ which have periodic or twisted periodic boundary condition
in the longitudinal direction. In the $L_x \to \infty$ limit, the continuous
accumulation set of the chromatic zeros ${\cal B}$ is determined. We give some
results for arbitrary $b$ including the extrema of the eigenvalues with
coefficients of degree $b-1$ and the explicit forms of some classes of
eigenvalues. We prove that the maximal point where ${\cal B}$ crosses the real
axis, $q_c$, satisfies the inequality $q_c \le b$ for $2 \le b$, the minimum
value of $q$ at which ${\cal B}$ crosses the real $q$ axis is $q=0$, and we
make a conjecture concerning the structure of the chromatic polynomial for
Klein bottle strips.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98767 </DOCNO>
Phase retrieval by iterated projections


  Several strategies in phase retrieval are unified by an iterative "difference
map" constructed from a pair of elementary projections and a single real
parameter $\beta$. For the standard application in optics, where the two
projections implement Fourier modulus and object support constraints
respectively, the difference map reproduces the "hybrid" form of Fienup's
input-output map for $\beta = 1$. Other values of $\beta$ are equally effective
in retrieving phases but have no input-output counterparts. The geometric
construction of the difference map illuminates the distinction between its
fixed points and the recovered object, as well as the mechanism whereby
stagnation is avoided. When support constraints are replaced by object
histogram or atomicity constraints, the difference map lends itself to
crystallographic phase retrieval. Numerical experiments with synthetic data
suggest that structures with hundreds of atoms can be solved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76017 </DOCNO>
Light-front quark model analysis of rare $B\to K\ell^+\ell^-$ decays


  Using the light-front quark model, we calculate the transition form factors,
decay rates, and longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetries for the exclusive
rare $B\to K\ell^+\ell^-(\ell=e,\mu,\tau$) decays within the standard model.
Evaluating the timelike form factors, we use the analytic continuation method
in $q^+=0$ frame to obtain the form factors $F_+$ and $F_T$, which are free
from zero-mode. The form factor $F_-$ which is not free from zero-mode in $q^+
= 0$ frame and contaminated by the higher(or nonvalence) Fock states in $q^+
\neq 0$ frame is obtained from an effective treatment for handling the
nonvalence contribution based on the Bethe-Salpeter formalism. The
covariance(i.e. frame-independence) of our model calculation is discussed. We
obtain the branching ratios for ${\rm BR}(B\to K\ell^+\ell^-)$ as
$4.96\times10^{-7}|V_{ts}/V_{cb}|^2$ for $\ell=e,\mu$ and $1.27\times
10^{-7}|V_{ts}/V_{cb}|^2$ for $\ell=\tau$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85745 </DOCNO>
The Post-Newtonian Approximation of the Rigidly Rotating Disc of Dust to


  Using the analytic, global solution for the rigidly rotating disc of dust as
a starting point, an iteration scheme is presented for the calculation of an
arbitrary coefficient in the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation of this
solution. The coefficients were explicitly calculated up to the 12th PN level
and are listed in this paper up to the 4th PN level. The convergence of the
series is discussed and the approximation is found to be reliable even in
highly relativistic cases. Finally, the ergospheres are calculated at
increasing orders of the approximation and for increasingly relativistic
situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85763 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of the Gowdy Equations and Spatial Topologies


  We examine some kinds of discrete symmetries which are dynamically preserved,
using the (generalized) Gowdy models of the first kind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6608 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the gap parameter on the number of CuO2 layers in a unit


  We have measured the superconducting gap Ds in optimally doped samples of
BSCCO, TBCCO, HBCCO and HSCCO by Andreev and tunnelling spectroscopy and by
ARPES. We have found that the low-temperature value of the gap within
experimental errors is linearly increasing with the number n of CuO2 layers in
the unit cell of the investigated HTSC-families (n < 4)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128455 </DOCNO>
Limits to Interstellar C_4 and C_5 Towards zeta Ophiuchi


  We have made a sensitive search for the origin bands in the known electronic
transitions of the linear carbon chains C_4 and C_5 at 3789 and 5109 A towards
zeta Oph (A_V <= 1). The incentive was a recent detection of C_3 in this
interstellar cloud with a column density of 1.6 x 10^12 cm^-2 plus the
availability of laboratory gas phase spectra of C_4 and C_5. Further, some
models of diffuse interstellar clouds predict that the abundance of these
latter species should be within an order of magnitude of C_3. Despite achieving
S/N of 2300 to 2600 per pixel at a resolution of ~110,000, the searches were
negative, leading to 3 sigma upper limits to the column density of N(C_5) = 2 x
10^11 cm^-2 and N(C_4) = 4 x 10^12-13 cm^-2 where these values rely on
theoretically calculated oscillator strengths. The implication of these limits
are discussed on the choice of molecules for study in future attempts to
identify the carriers of the stronger diffuse interstellar bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41135 </DOCNO>
Cross Section and Heavy Quark Composition of Photon+Muon Events Produced


  We present a measurement of the cross section and the first measurement of
the heavy flavor content of associated direct photon + muon events produced in
hadronic collisions. These measurements come from a sample of 1.8 TeV ppbar
collisions recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Quantum
chromodynamics (QCD) predicts that these events are primarily due to Compton
scattering process charm+gluon -> charm+photon, with the final state charm
quark producing a muon. The cross section for events with a photon transverse
momentum between 12 and 40 GeV/c is measured to be 46.8+-6.3+-7.5 pb, which is
two standard deviations below the most recent theoretical prediction. A
significant fraction of the events in the sample contain a final-state bottom
quark. The ratio of charm to bottom production is measured to be 2.4+-1.2, in
good agreement with QCD models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4911 </DOCNO>
BCS Model in Tsallis' Statistical Framework


  We show that there is an effect of nonextensivity acting upon the BCS model
for superconductors in the ground state that motivates its study in the
Tsallis' statistical framework. We show that the weak-coupling limit
superconductors are well described by $q \sim 1$, where q is a real
parameter which characterizes the degree of nonextensivity of the Tsallis'
entropy. Nevertheless, small deviations with respect to q = 1 provide
better agreement when compared with experimental results. To illustrate this
point, making use of an approximated Fermi function, we show that measurements
of the specific heat, ultrasonic attenuation and tunneling experiments for tin
(Sn) are better described with q = 0.99.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3050 </DOCNO>
The temperature-flow renormalization group and the competition between


  We derive a differential equation for the one-particle-irreducible vertex
functions of interacting fermions as a function of the temperature. Formally,
these equations correspond to a Wilsonian renormalization group scheme which
uses the temperature as an explicit scale parameter. Our novel method allows us
to analyze the competition between superconducting and various magnetic Fermi
surface instabilities in the one-loop approximation. In particular this
includes ferromagnetic fluctuations, which are difficult to treat on an equal
footing in conventional Wilsonian momentum space techniques. Applying the
scheme to the two-dimensional t-t' Hubbard model we investigate the RG flow of
the interactions at the van Hove filling with varying next-nearest neighbor
hopping t'. Starting at t'=0 we describe the evolution of the flow to strong
coupling from an antiferromagnetic nesting regime over a d-wave regime at
moderate t' to a ferromagnetic region at larger absolute values of t'. Upon
increasing the particle density in the latter regime the ferromagnetic
tendencies are cut off and the leading instability occurs in the triplet
superconducting pairing channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97596 </DOCNO>
On a conjecture of Kashiwara


  Kashiwara conjectured that the hard Lefshetz theorem and the semisimplicity
theorem hold for any semisimple perverse sheaf M on a variety over a field of
characteristic 0. He also conjectured that if you apply to such M the nearby
cycle functor corresponding to some function then the successive quotients of
the monodromy filtration are semisimple. We prove that these conjectures would
follow from de Jong's conjecture on representations modulo l of the arithmetic
fundamental group of a variety over a finite field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 774 </DOCNO>
Spin Diffusion in the S=1/2 Quasi One-Dimensional Antiferromagnet


  Low-frequency spin dynamics in the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic spin-chain
compound \alpha-VO(PO_3)_2 has been studied by means of 31P NMR. The nuclear
spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 at the P site exhibits H^{-1/2} dependence
on the applied magnetic field (H) at temperatures (T) well above the intrachain
coupling strength J/k_{B} = 3.50 K indicating one-dimensional diffusive spin
dynamics. The diffusive contribution to 1/T_1 decreases on cooling as
electronic spins acquire short-range antiferromagnetic correlations within the
chain, and vanishes almost entirely around T \approx J/k_{B}. This is
accompanied by an apparent increase of the spin-diffusion constant from the
value expected in the classical limit. On the other hand, the field-independent
part of 1/T_1 increases with decreasing temperature, which may be a precursor
for the true long-range antiferromagnetic ordering found below T_{N} = 1.93 \pm
0.01 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126672 </DOCNO>
The mass of the white dwarf in the recurrent nova U Scorpii


  We present spectroscopy of the eclipsing recurrent nova U Sco. The radial
velocity semi-amplitude of the primary star was found to be K_W = 93 \pm 10
kms^{-1} from the motion of the wings of the HeII\lambda4686\AA emission line.
By detecting weak absorption features from the secondary star, we find its
radial velocity semi-amplitude to be K_R = 170 \pm 10 kms^{-1}. From these
parameters, we obtain a mass of M_1 = 1.55 \pm 0.24M_\odot for the white dwarf
primary star and a mass of M_2 = 0.88 \pm 0.17M_\odot for the secondary star.
The radius of the secondary is calculated to be R_2 = 2.1\pm0.2R_\odot,
confirming that it is evolved. The inclination of the system is calculated to
be i = 82.7^\circ\pm2.9^\circ, consistent with the deep eclipse seen in the
lightcurves. The helium emission lines are double-peaked, with the blue-shifted
regions of the disc being eclipsed prior to the red-shifted regions, clearly
indicating the presence of an accretion disc. The high mass of the white dwarf
is consistent with the thermonuclear runaway model of recurrent nova outbursts,
and confirms that U Sco is the best Type Ia supernova progenitor currently
known. We predict that U Sco is likely to explode within \sim 700,000 years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126981 </DOCNO>
An Efficient Monte Carlo Algorithm for a Restricted Class of Scattering


  We describe an efficient Monte Carlo algorithm for a restricted class of
scattering problems in radiation transfer. This class includes many
astrophysically interesting problems, including the scattering of ultraviolet
and visible light by grains. The algorithm correctly accounts for
multiply-scattered light. We describe the algorithm, present a number of
important optimizations, and explicity show how the algorithm can be used to
estimate quantities such as the emergent and mean intensity. We present two
test cases, examine the importance of the optimizations, and show that this
algorithm can be usefully applied to optically-thin problems, a regime
sometimes considered limited to explicit single-scattering plus attenuation
approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73279 </DOCNO>
Baryon Number Fluctuation and the Quark-Gluon Plasma


  We show that $\omega_B$ or $\omega_{\bar B}$, the squared baryon or
antibaryon number fluctuation per baryon or antibaryon, is a possible signature
for the quark-gluon plasma that is expected to be created in relativistic heavy
ion collisions, as it is a factor of three smaller than in an equilibrated
hadronic matter due to the fractional baryon number of quarks. Using kinetic
equations with exact baryon number conservation, we find that their values in
an equilibrated matter are half of those expected from a Poisson distribution.
Effects due to finite acceptance and non-zero net baryon number are also
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2936 </DOCNO>
Periodic Chaotic Billiards: Quantum-Classical Correspondence in Energy


  We investigate the properties of eigenstates and local density of states
(LDOS) for a periodic 2D rippled billiard, focusing on their quantum-classical
correspondence in energy representation. To construct the classical
counterparts of LDOS and the structure of eigenstates (SES), the effects of the
boundary are first incorporated (via a canonical transformation) into an
effective potential, rendering the one-particle motion in the 2D rippled
billiard equivalent to that of two-interacting particles in 1D geometry. We
show that classical counterparts of SES and LDOS in the case of strong chaotic
motion reveal quite a good correspondence with the quantum quantities. We also
show that the main features of the SES and LDOS can be explained in terms of
the underlying classical dynamics, in particular of certain periodic orbits. On
the other hand, statistical properties of eigenstates and LDOS turn out to be
different from those prescribed by random matrix theory. We discuss the quantum
effects responsible for the non-ergodic character of the eigenstates and
individual LDOS that seem to be generic for this type of billiards with a large
number of transverse channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74121 </DOCNO>
Isolated prompt photon photoproduction at NLO


  We present a full next-to-leading order code to calculate the photoproduction
of prompt photons. The code is a general purpose program of partonic event
generator type with large flexibility. We study the possibility to constrain
the photon structure functions and comment on isolation issues. A comparison to
ZEUS data is also shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148731 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Realizations of Superconformal Groups and Spinning Particles


  The method of nonlinear realizations is applied for the conformally invariant
description of the spinning particles in terms of geometrical quantities of the
parameter spaces of the one dimensional N - extended superconformal groups. We
develop the superspace approach to the cases of spin 0, 1/2, 1 particles and
describe the alternative component approach in the application to the spin-1/2
particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6070 </DOCNO>
Inherent Structures, Configurational Entropy and Slow Glassy Dynamics


  We give a short introduction to the inherent structure approach, with
particular emphasis on the Stillinger and Weber decomposition, of glassy
systems. We present some of the results obtained in the framework of spin-glass
models and Lennard-Jones glasses. We discuss how to generalize the standard
Stillinger and Weber approach by including the entropy of inherent structures.
Finally we discuss why this approach is probably insufficient to describe the
behavior of some kinetically constrained models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77060 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity and Model Building


  We propose a way to introduce matter fields transforming in arbitrary
representations of the gauge group in noncommutative U(N) gauge theories. We
then argue that in the presence of supersymmetry, an ordinary commutative SU(N)
gauge theory with a general matter content can always be embedded into a
noncommutative U(N) theory at energies above the noncommutativity mass scale
M_{NC} ~ \theta^{-1/2}. At energies below M_{NC}, the U(1) degrees of freedom
decouple due to the IR/UV mixing, and the noncommutative theory reduces to its
commutative counterpart. Supersymmetry can be spontaneously broken by a
Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term introduced in the noncommutative U(N) theory. U(1)
degrees of freedom become arbitrarily weakly coupled in the infrared and
naturally play the role of the hidden sector for supersymmetry breaking. To
illustrate these ideas we construct a noncommutative U(5) GUT model with
Fayet-Iliopoulos supersymmetry breaking, which reduces to a realistic
commutative theory in the infrared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4934 </DOCNO>
Nonextensive Entropies derived from Form Invariance of Pseudoadditivity


  The form invariance of pseudoadditivity is shown to determine the structure
of nonextensive entropies. Nonextensive entropy is defined as the appropriate
expectation value of nonextensive information content, similar to the
definition of Shannon entropy. Information content in a nonextensive system is
obtained uniquely from generalized axioms by replacing the usual additivity
with pseudoadditivity. The satisfaction of the form invariance of the
pseudoadditivity of nonextensive entropy and its information content is found
to require the normalization of nonextensive entropies. An inconsistency in the
form invariance of the pseudoadditivity in the original Tsallis entropy is
revealed, demonstrating the need for renormalization. The proposed principle
requires the same normalization as that derived in [A.K. Rajagopal and S. Abe,
Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83}, 1711 (1999)], but is simpler and establishes a basis
for the systematic definition of various entropies in nonextensive systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124487 </DOCNO>
The CH out-of-plane bending modes of PAH molecules in astrophysical


  We present 10-15 micron spectra of a sample of H II regions, YSOs and evolved
stars that show strong unidentified infrared emission features, obtained with
the ISO/SWS spectrograph on-board ISO. These spectra reveal a plethora of
emission features with bands at 11.0, 11.2, 12.0, 12.7, 13.5 and 14.2 micron.
These features are observed to vary considerably in relative strength to
each-other from source to source. In particular, the 10-15 micron spectra of
the evolved stars are dominated by the 11.2 micron band while for H II regions
the 12.7 is typically as strong as the 11.2 micron band. Analysing the ISO data
we find a good correlation between the 11.2 micron band and the 3.3 micron
band, and between the 12.7 micron and the 6.2 micron band. There is also a
correlation between the ratio of the UIR bands to the total dust emission and
the 12.7 over 11.2 micron ratio. Bands in the 10-15 micron spectral region are
due to CH out-of-plane (OOP) bending modes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs). We summarise existing laboratory data and theoretical quantum chemical
calculations of these modes for neutral and cationic PAHs. Due to mode
coupling, the exact peak position of these bands depends on the number of
adjacent CH groups and hence the observed interstellar 10-15 micron spectra can
be used to determine the molecular structure of the interstellar PAHs emitting
in the different regions. We conclude that evolved stars predominantly inject
compact ~100-200 C-atom PAHs into the ISM where they are subsequently
processed, resulting in more open and uneven PAH structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4405 </DOCNO>
The influence of the mutual drag of carrier--phonon system on the


  The thermopower and Nernst--Ettingshausen (NE) effect in degenerate
semiconductors and semimetals placed in high electric and magnetic fields are
calculated by taking into account the heating of both electrons and phonons as
well as their thermal and mutual drags.
  The magnetic and electric field dependences of the thermoelectric power and
the transverse NE voltage are found in analytical forms. It is shown that in
weak and high transverse magnetic fields, the electronic and phonon parts of NE
coefficients change their sign for some scattering mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41461 </DOCNO>
c,b quark masses and f_D_(s), f_B_(s) decay constants from pseudoscalar


  The pseudoscalar sum rules of the heavy-light quark systems are used for
extracting simultaneously the c,b quark masses and the decay constants
f_D_(s),f_B_(s) of the D_(s),B_(s) mesons. To order alpha_s^2, one obtains the
running quark masses: m_c(m_c)=(1.10 \pm 0.04) GeV, m_b(m_b)=(4.05\pm 0.06)
GeV, the perturbative pole masses: M_c=(1.46\pm 0.04) GeV, M_b=(4.69\pm 0.06)
GeV, and the decay constants: f_D=(205\pm 20) MeV, f_B=(203\pm 23) MeV and
f_D_s=(235\pm 24) MeV, f_B_s=(236\pm 30) MeV, in the normalization where f_\pi=
130.56 MeV. The fitted values of the pole and running masses satisfy quite well
their three-loop perturbative relation. The value f_D = f_B confirms earlier
findings from the sum rule that the 1/M_P^1/2 heavy quark symmetry scaling law
is affected by large 1/M_P corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168634 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Quantum Theory of Cyclotron Resonance in a Medium


  In this paper the relativistic quantum theory of cyclotron resonance in an
arbitrary medium is presented. The quantum equation of motion for charged
particle in the field of plane electromagnetic wave and uniform magnetic field
in a medium is solved in the eikonal approximation. The probabilities of
induced multiphoton transitions between Landau levels in strong laser field is
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4949 </DOCNO>
Two-species magneto-optical trap with 40K and 87Rb


  We trap and cool a gas composed of 40K and 87Rb, using a two-species
magneto-optical trap (MOT). This trap represents the first step towards cooling
the Bose-Fermi mixture to quantum degeneracy. Laser light for the MOT is
derived from laser diodes and amplified with a single high power semiconductor
amplifier chip. The four-color laser system is described, and the
single-species and two-species MOTs are characterized. Atom numbers of 1x10^7
40K and 2x10^9 87Rb are trapped in the two-species MOT. Observation of trap
loss due to collisions between species is presented and future prospects for
the experiment are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114295 </DOCNO>
Euler potentials for the MHD Kamchatnov-Hopf soliton solution


  In the MHD description of plasma phenomena the concept of magnetic helicity
turns out to be very useful. We present here an example of introducing Euler
potentials into a topological MHD soliton which has non-trivial helicity. The
MHD soliton solution (Kamchatnov, 1982) is based on the Hopf invariant of the
mapping of a 3D sphere into a 2D sphere; it can have arbitrary helicity
depending on control parameters. It is shown how to define Euler potentials
globally. The singular curve of the Euler potential plays the key role in
computing helicity. With the introduction of Euler potentials, the helicity can
be calculated as an integral over the surface bounded by this singular curve. A
special programme for visualization is worked out. Helicity coordinates are
introduced which can be useful for numerical simulations where helicity control
is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41338 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the B^0-anti-B^0 oscillation frequency in hadronic B^0


  B^0-anti-B^0 flavor oscillations have been studied in 20.7 fb-1 of e^+e^-
annihilation data collected in 1999 and 2000 with the BABAR detector at
center-of-mass energies near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. The event sample
consists of one B^0 meson fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode, while
the flavor of the recoiling B^0 in the event is determined with a tagging
algorithm that exploits the correlation between the flavor of the heavy quark
and the charges of its decay products. By fitting the time development of the
observed mixed and unmixed final states, the B^0-anti-B^0 oscillation
frequency, Delta_md, is determined to be 0.519+/- 0.020+/- 0.016 ps^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168521 </DOCNO>
Gravity Induced New Topological Phase in Optics


  It is shown that both classical and quantum light can acquire a topological
phase shift induced by classical gravity, and the latter is detectable in a
laboratory-scale experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75075 </DOCNO>
Consistent one-pion exchange currents in electron scattering from a


  A set of fully relativistic one-pion-exchange electromagnetic operators is
developed for use in one-particle emission reactions induced by electrons. To
preserve the gauge invariance of the theory additional pionic correlation
operators are required beyond the usual meson-exchange current operators. Of
these, in the present work emphasis is placed on the self-energy current which
is infinite and needs to be renormalized. The renormalized current is expanded
to first order to obtain a genuine one-pion-exchange contribution to the
inclusive responses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1982 </DOCNO>
Transport in Quasi One-Dimensional Systems


  The interplay of Umklapp scattering from a periodic potential and other
scattering processes determine the conductivity of (quasi) one-dimensional
metals. We show that the transport at finite temperature is qualitatively and
quantitatively strongly influenced by a number of approximate conservation
laws. Typically, not the strongest but the second strongest scattering
mechanism determines the dc-conductivity. We discuss the optical conductivity
both of strongly anisotropic, quasi one-dimensional Fermi liquids and of
Luttinger liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2006 </DOCNO>
Action-derived molecular dynamics in the study of rare events


  We present a practical method to generate classical trajectories with fixed
initial and final boundary conditions. Our method is based on the minimization
of a suitably defined discretized action. The method finds its most natural
application in the study of rare events. Its capabilities are illustrated by
non-trivial examples. The algorithm lends itself to straightforward
parallelization, and when combined with molecular dynamics (MD) it promises to
offer a powerful tool for the study of chemical reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113900 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear equation for curved stationary flames


  A nonlinear equation describing curved stationary flames with arbitrary gas
expansion $\theta = \rho_{{\rm fuel}}/\rho_{{\rm burnt}}$, subject to the
Landau-Darrieus instability, is obtained in a closed form without an assumption
of weak nonlinearity. It is proved that in the scope of the asymptotic
expansion for $\theta \to 1,$ the new equation gives the true solution to the
problem of stationary flame propagation with the accuracy of the sixth order in
$\theta - 1.$ In particular, it reproduces the stationary version of the
well-known Sivashinsky equation at the second order corresponding to the
approximation of zero vorticity production. At higher orders, the new equation
describes influence of the vorticity drift behind the flame front on the front
structure. Its asymptotic expansion is carried out explicitly, and the
resulting equation is solved analytically at the third order. For arbitrary
values of $\theta,$ the highly nonlinear regime of fast flow burning is
investigated, for which case a large flame velocity expansion of the nonlinear
equation is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127954 </DOCNO>
Line Emission from Cooling Accretion Flows in the Nucleus of M31


  The recent Chandra X-ray observations of the nucleus of M31, combined with
earlier VLA radio and HST UV spectral measurements, provide the strictest
constraints on the nature of accretion onto the supermassive black hole (called
M31* hereafter) in this region. One of the two newly-detected sources within
roughly an arcsec of M31* may be its X-ray counterpart. If not, the X-ray flux
from the nucleus must be even lower than inferred previously. Some uncertainty
remains regarding the origin of the UV excess from the compact component known
as P2. In our earlier analysis, we developed a unified picture for the
broadband spectrum of this source. Contrary to the `standard' picture in which
the infalling plasma attains temperatures in excess of 10^{10} K near the event
horizon, the best fit model for M31*, under the assumption that the UV
radiation is in fact produced by this source, appears to correspond to a cool
branch solution, arising from strong line cooling inside the capture radius.
Starting its infall with a temperature of about 10^6 K in the post-shock
region, the plasma cools down efficiently to about 10^4 K toward smaller radii.
An important prediction of this model is the appearance of a prominent UV spike
from hydrogen line emission. In this paper we model this line emission with
significantly greater accuracy, using the algorithm CLOUDY, and to correctly
take into account the attenuation along the line of sight. We predict a
spectrum with several additional prominent emission lines that can be used to
verify the model with future high-resolution observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125823 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of Diffuse X-Rays from the Sagittarius B2 Cloud


  We present the first Chandra results of the giant molecular cloud Sagittarius
B2 (Sgr B2), located about 100 pc away from the Galactic center. Diffuse X-rays
are clearly separated from one-and-a-half dozen resolved point sources. The
X-ray spectrum exhibits pronounced iron K-shell transition lines at 6.40 keV (K
alpha) and 7.06 keV (K beta), deep iron K-edge at 7.11 keV and large
photo-electric absorption at low energy. The absorption-corrected X-ray
luminosity is \sim 1 times 10^{35} erg s^{-1}, two orders of magnitude larger
than the integrated luminosity of all the resolved point sources. The diffuse
X-rays come mainly from the south-west half of the cloud with a concave-shape
pointing to the Galactic center direction. These results strongly support the
ASCA model that Sgr B2 is irradiated by an X-ray source at the Galactic center
side.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126522 </DOCNO>
Cometary activity in 2060 Chiron at minimum brightness


  We present two-colour CCD imaging of 2060 Chiron obtained between 1996 and
1998 with the 2.15 m telescope at CASLEO (San Juan, Argentina). These
post-perihelion observations show that Chiron was then near its historical
brightness minima, however a coma was clearly detected. The dynamical state of
the coma is studied by means of azimuthally averaged surface brightness
profiles, which show the signatures of radiation pressure on the dust grain
distribution. Aperture photometry shows an achromatic dimming with an amplitude
\~ 0.09 mag in approximately one hour. If due to rotation of the nucleus, this
rather high amplitude is used to derive a new value for the nuclear magnitude,
m_0 ~ 6.80 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127787 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Properties and Halo Central Densities


  Using an analytic model calibrated against numerical simulations, we
calculate the central densities of dark matter halos in a ``conventional'' cold
dark matter model with a cosmological constant (LCDM) and in a ``tilted'' model
(TLCDM) with slightly modified parameters motivated by recent analyses of
Ly-alpha forest data. We also calculate how warm dark matter (WDM) would modify
these predicted densities by delaying halo formation and imposing phase space
constraints. As a measure of central density, we adopt the quantity D_{V/2},
the density within the radius R_{V/2} at which the halo rotation curve falls to
half of its maximum value, in units of the critical density. We compare the
theoretical predictions to values of D_{V/2} estimated from the rotation curves
of dark matter dominated disk galaxies. Assuming that dark halos are described
by NFW profiles, our results suggest that the conventional LCDM model predicts
excessively high dark matter densities, unless there is some selection bias in
the data toward the low-concentration tail of the halo distribution. A WDM
model with particle mass 0.5-1 keV provides a better match to the observational
data. However, the modified cold dark matter model, TLCDM, fits the data
equally well, suggesting that the solution to the ``halo cores'' problem might
lie in moderate changes to cosmological parameters rather than radical changes
to the properties of dark matter. If CDM halos have the steeper density
profiles found by Moore et al., then neither conventional LCDM nor TLCDM can
reproduce the observed central densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5463 </DOCNO>
Hysteretic Optimization


  We propose a new optimization method based on a demagnetization procedure
well known in magnetism. We show how this procedure can be applied as a general
tool to search for optimal solutions in any system where the configuration
space is endowed with a suitable `distance'. We test the new algorithm on
frustrated magnetic models and the traveling salesman problem. We find that the
new method successfully competes with similar basic algorithms such as
simulated annealing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124610 </DOCNO>
INTEGRAL and Nuclear Astrophysics


  We briefly review the fundamentals of nuclear gamma-ray line astronomy
(radioactive astronomy), focusing on its role to decipher the intimate physics
of supernovae, either immediatly (via $^{56}Co)$ or after a time delay (via
$^{44}Ti$). All kinds of supernovae can be in principle tested through their
radioactivities and their associated gamma-ray lines.
 Dedicated to the spectroscopy and imaging of celestial sources in the 15 keV
to 10 MeV band, the ESA scientific observatory INTEGRAL will open a golden age
of nuclear astrophysics in Europe

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7080 </DOCNO>
Long-range Effects on the Pyroelectric Coefficient and Dielectric


  Long-range effects on the pyroelectric coefficient and susceptibility of a
ferroelectric bilayer with a ferroelectric interfacial coupling are
investigated by use of the transverse Ising model within the framework of
mean-field theory. The effects of the interfacial coupling and the transverse
field on the pyroelectric coefficient and susceptibility of the bilayer are
investigated by taking into account the long-range interaction. It is found
that the pyroelectric coefficient and susceptibility increase with the decrease
of the magnitude of the long-range interaction and the interfacial coupling
when the temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature. We also
find that the strong long-range interaction, the large transverse field and
weak interfacial coupling can lead to the disappearance of some of the peaks of
the pyroelectric coefficient and susceptibility of the ferroelectric bilayer.
The phase transition temperature increases with the increase of the strength of
the long-range interaction, which is similar to the results obtained in
ferroelectric multi-layers or superlattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76753 </DOCNO>
Lattice Study of the High Density State of SU(2)-QCD


  We investigate high density state of SU(2) QCD by using Lattice QCD
simulation with Wilson fermions. The ratio of fermion determinants is evaluated
at each step of the Metropol is link update by Woodbury formula. At
$\beta=0.7$, and $\kappa = 0.150$, we calculate the baryon number density, the
Polyakov lines, and the energy density of gluon sector with chemical potential
$\mu$=0 to 0.8 on the $4^{3} \times 12$ lattice. Behavior of the meson
propagators and diquark propagators with finite chemical potential are also
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168851 </DOCNO>
From Geometry to Quantum Computation


  The aim of this paper is to introduce our idea of Holonomic Quantum
Computation (Computer). Our model is based on both harmonic oscillators and
non-linear quantum optics, not on spins of usual quantum computation and our
method is moreover completely geometrical. We hope that therefore our model may
be strong for decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150191 </DOCNO>
M-theory Conifolds


  Seven-manifolds of G_2 holonomy provide a bridge between M-theory and string
theory, via Kaluza-Klein reduction to Calabi-Yau six-manifolds. We find
first-order equations for a new family of G_2 metrics D_7, with S^3\times S^3
principal orbits. These are related at weak string coupling to the resolved
conifold, paralleling earlier examples B_7 that are related to the deformed
conifold, allowing a deeper study of topology change and mirror symmetry in
M-theory. The D_7 metrics' non-trivial parameter characterises the squashing of
an S^3 bolt, which limits to S^2 at weak coupling. In general the D_7 metrics
are asymptotically locally conical, with a nowhere-singular circle action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4723 </DOCNO>
A Magnetization and Microwave Study of Superconducting MgB2


  We report magnetic field dependent magnetization and microwave impedance
measurements on a MgB2 superconductor prepared by high pressure synthesis. We
find that the upper critical field is linearly dependent on temperature near Tc
and the dc irreversibility field exponent is ~1.4. The microwave data display
an excess surface resistance below Tc which is neither observed in low Tc nor
in high temperature superconductors (HTSC). The real part of the complex
conductivity, sigma1, shows a huge maximum below Tc and the imaginary part,
sigma2, is linear for temperatures less than 20 K, which can not be simply
accounted for by the weak coupling BCS model with an s-wave superconducting
order parameter. We speculate that this may be due to the two gaps reported by
other studies. Unlike measurements on the high temperature superconducting
cuprates, we find no evidence of weak-links in the superconducting state. By
inverting the magnetic field dependent impedance data, we find a vortex
depinning frequency that decreases with increasing magnetic field and evidence
for an anisotropic upper critical magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149313 </DOCNO>
Symmetries, Matrices, and de Sitter Gravity


  Using simple algebraic methods along with an analogy to the BFSS model, we
explore the possible (target) spacetime symmetries that may appear in a matrix
description of de Sitter gravity. Such symmetry groups could arise in two ways,
one from an ``IMF'' like construction and the other from a ``DLCQ'' like
construction. In contrast to the flat space case, we show that the two
constructions will lead to different groups, i.e. the Newton-Hooke group
and the inhomogeneous Euclidean group (or its algebraic cousins). It is argued
that matrix quantum mechanics based on the former symmetries look more
plausible. Then, after giving a detailed description of the relevant one
particle dynamics, a concrete Newton-Hooke matrix model is proposed. The model
naturally incorporates issues such as holography, UV-IR relations, and
fuzziness, for gravity in $dS_{4}$. We also provide evidence to support a
possible phase transition. The lower temperature phase, which corresponds to
gravity in the perturbative regime, has a Hilbert space of infinite dimension.
In the higher temperature phase where the perturbation theory breaks down, the
dimension of the Hilbert space may become finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72386 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of neutrino physics in the Kaluza-Klein theories of low


  We discuss the phenomenological consequences of theories which describe
sterile neutrinos in large extra dimensions. We show that the Kaluza-Klein
tower of the singlet neutrinos, albeit tiny individual contribution in
electroweak processes, act cumulatively, giving rise to non-universality of the
weak interactions of the light neutrinos and to flavour-violating radiative
processes. Owing to these non-decoupling effects of th Kaluza--Klein neutrinos,
we derive strong constraints on the parameters of the theory that originates
from the non-observation of flavour-violating and universality-breaking
phenomena. In this theory we propose a four-neutrino model which can reconcile
the existing data coming from underground experiments in terms of neutrino
oscillations, together with the hint from the LSND experiment and a possible
neutrino contribution to the hot dark matter of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114 </DOCNO>
Accurate construction of transition metal pseudopotentials


  We generate a series of pseudopotentials to examine the relationship between
pseudoatomic properties and solid-state results. We find that lattice constants
and bulk moduli are quite sensitive to eigenvalue, total-energy difference and
tail norm errors, and clear correlations emerge. These trends motivate our
identification of two criteria for accurate transition metal pseudopotentials.
We find that both the preservation of all-electron derivative of tail norm with
respect to occupation and the preservation of all-electron derivative of
eigenvalue with respect to occupation {[Phys. Rev. B {\bf 48}, 5031 (1993)]}
are necessary to give accurate bulk metal lattice constants and bulk moduli. We
also show how the fairly wide range of lattice constant and bulk modulus
results found in the literature can be easily explained by pseudopotential
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76591 </DOCNO>
Photons, Clocks, Gravity and the Concept of Mass


  Transparencies of the 18th Henry Primakoff lecture at the University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, April 11, 2001 and of the Special lecture
given at the 7th International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and
Underground Physics, TAUP 2001, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy,
September 9, 2001; to be published by Elsevier Nucl. Phys. B (Proceedings
supplements).
  Various aspects of the concept of mass in modern physics are discussed: 1.
Mass in Special Relativity, 2. Atoms in Static Gravity, 3. Photons in Static
Gravity, 4. Misleading Terminology, 5. Unsolved Problems of mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76800 </DOCNO>
Color and Kinematic Interference Influence on the Probability of Color


  In popular event generators of high energy reaction, the large Nc, the number
of color approximation is implied, which reduces the possible interference
effects, and the probability of color singlet chain reaches to about 100%. In
$Nc=3$ real world, we show that not only the color interference decreases this
probability to 83%, 77%, 72%, $...$, respectively to $n=2$, 3, 4, $...$, {in
the process of}$e^+e^-{\longrightarrow}q\bar {q}+ng$ final state, but also the
accompanying kinematic interference exists, which decreases this probability to
about 67%, 58%, $...$, further. In the meanwhile, we fin d that the kinematic
interference makes the probability of color separate singlet states increases
synchronously. Combing and analyzing above facts, we infer that the probability
of color singlet chain states in high energy ${e^+e^-}{\longrightarrow}{h's}$
reaction would be much smaller than 100%, which is commonly accepted. And the
fraction of other color connec tion states, $e.g.$, color separate singlet
states should be significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97420 </DOCNO>
Slopes of a Hypergeometric System Associated to a Monomial Curve


  We compute, by D-module restrictions, the slopes of irregular hypergeometric
systems associated to a monomial curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174682 </DOCNO>
Strong enhancement of extremely energetic proton production in central


  The energetic proton emission has been investigated as a function of the
reaction centrality for the system 58Ni + 58Ni at 30A MeV. Extremely energetic
protons (EpNN > 130 MeV) were measured and their multiplicity is found to
increase almost quadratically with the number of participant nucleons thus
indicating the onset of a mechanism beyond one and two-body dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98952 </DOCNO>
A short generalization of the Meshalkin-Hochberg-Hirsch bounds on


  Meshalkin's theorem states that a class of ordered p-partitions of an n-set
has at most $\max \binom{n}{a_1,\hdots,a_p}$ members if for each k the k'th
parts form an antichain. We generalize this and the corresponding LYM
inequality. Our proof is simpler as well as more general than all previous
proofs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5305 </DOCNO>
Relaxation of surface charge on rotating dielectric spheres:


  We have examined the effect of an oscillatory rotation of a polarized
dielectric particle. The rotational motion leads to a re-distribution of the
polarization charge on the surface of the particle. We show that the time
averaged steady-state dipole moment is along the field direction, but its
magnitude is reduced by a factor which depends on the angular velocity of
rotation. As a result, the rotational motion of the particle reduces the
electrorheological effect. We further assume that the relaxation of polarized
charge is arised from a finite conductivity of the particle or host medium. We
calculate the relaxation time based on the Maxwell-Wagner theory, suitably
generalized to include the rotational motion. Analytic expressions for the
reduction factor and the relaxation time are given and their dependence on the
angular velocity of rotation will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3887 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics of secondary structures formed by random RNA


  The formation of secondary structures by a random RNA sequence is studied as
a model system for the sequence-structure problem omnipresent in biopolymers.
Several toy energy models are introduced to allow detailed analytical and
numerical studies. First, a two-replica calculation is performed. By mapping
the two-replica problem to the denaturation of a single homogeneous RNA in
6-dimensional embedding space, we show that sequence disorder is perturbatively
irrelevant, i.e., an RNA molecule with weak sequence disorder is in a molten
phase where many secondary structures with comparable total energy coexist. A
numerical study of various models at high temperature reproduces behaviors
characteristic of the molten phase. On the other hand, a scaling argument based
on the extremal statistics of rare regions can be constructed to show that the
low temperature phase is unstable to sequence disorder. We performed a detailed
numerical study of the low temperature phase using the droplet theory as a
guide, and characterized the statistics of large-scale, low-energy excitations
of the secondary structures from the ground state structure. We find the
excitation energy to grow very slowly (i.e., logarithmically) with the length
scale of the excitation, suggesting the existence of a marginal glass phase.
The transition between the low temperature glass phase and the high temperature
molten phase is also characterized numerically. It is revealed by a change in
the coefficient of the logarithmic excitation energy, from being disorder
dominated to entropy dominated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6322 </DOCNO>
Effect of local Coulomb interactions on the electronic structure and


  We have studied the effect of local Coulomb interactions on the electronic
structure of the molecular magnet Mn12-acetate within the LDA+U approach. The
account of the on-site repulsion results in a finite energy gap and an integer
value of the molecule's magnetic moment, both quantities being in a good
agreement with the experimental results. The resulting magnetic moments and
charge states of non-equivalent manganese ions agree very well with
experiments. The calculated values of the intramolecular exchange parameters
depend on the molecule's spin configuration, differing by 25-30% between the
ferrimagnetic ground state and the completely ferromagnetic configurations. The
values of the ground-state exchange coupling parameters are in reasonable
agreement with the recent data on the magnetization jumps in megagauss magnetic
fields. Simple estimates show that the obtained exchange parameters can be
applied, at least qualitatively, to the description of the spin excitations in
Mn12-acetate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75614 </DOCNO>
Skyrme Model Language in the Theory of Nucleons and Nuclei


  In this talk we try to clarify the problems existing on the way of theorist
decided to construct nuclear theory on the generalized Skyrme model background.
We conclude that to construct such a model of light nuclei one have to
construct a hybrid model where one particle degrees of freedom are concentrated
around the surface of the nuclei and soliton with non-trivial structure is
located at the center region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4464 </DOCNO>
Ground-State Phase Diagram of Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnets on the


  The S=1/2 and S=1 two-dimensional quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnets on the
anisotropic dimerized square lattice are investigated by the quantum Monte
Carlo method. By finite-size-scaling analyses on the correlation lengths, the
ground-state phase diagram parametrized by strengths of the dimerization and of
the spatial anisotropy is determined much more accurately than the previous
works. It is confirmed that the quantum critical phenomena on the phase
boundaries belong to the same universality class as that of the classical
three-dimensional Heisenberg model. Furthermore, for S=1, we show that all the
spin-gapped phases, such as the Haldane and dimer phases, are adiabatically
connected in the extended parameter space, though they are classified into
different classes in terms of the string order parameter in the
one-dimensional, i.e., the zero-interchain-coupling, case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6757 </DOCNO>
3D-2D crossover in the naturally layered superconductor


  The temperature and angular dependencies of the resistive upper critical
magnetic field $B_{c2}$ reveal a dimensional crossover of the superconducting
state in the highly anisotropic misfit-layer single crystal of
(LaSe)$_{1.14}$(NbSe$_2$) with the critical temperature $T_c$ of 1.23 K. The
temperature dependence of the upper critical field $B_{c2\parallel ab}(T)$ for
a field orientation along the conducting $(ab)$-planes displays a
characteristic upturn at 1.1 K and below this temperature the angular
dependence of $B_{c2}$ has a cusp around the parallel field orientation. Both
these typical features are observed for the first time in a naturally
crystalline layered system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7471 </DOCNO>
Spin Coulomb drag in the two-dimensional electron liquid


  We calculate the spin-drag transresistivity $\rho_{\uparrow \downarrow}(T)$
in a two-dimensional electron gas at temperature $T$ in the random phase
approximation. In the low-temperature regime we show that, at variance with the
three-dimensional low-temperature result [$\rho_{\uparrow\downarrow}(T) \sim
T^2$], the spin transresistivity of a two-dimensional {\it spin unpolarized}
electron gas has the form $\rho_{\uparrow\downarrow}(T) \sim T^2 \ln T$. In the
spin-polarized case the familiar form $\rho_{\uparrow\downarrow}(T) =A T^2$ is
recovered, but the constant of proportionality $A$ diverges logarithmically as
the spin-polarization tends to zero. In the high-temperature regime we obtain
$\rho_{\uparrow \downarrow}(T) = -(\hbar / e^2) (\pi^2 Ry^* /k_B T)$ (where
$Ry^*$ is the effective Rydberg energy) {\it independent} of the density.
Again, this differs from the three-dimensional result, which has a logarithmic
dependence on the density. Two important differences between the spin-drag
transresistivity and the ordinary Coulomb drag transresistivity are pointed
out: (i) The $\ln T$ singularity at low temperature is smaller, in the Coulomb
drag case, by a factor $e^{-4 k_Fd}$ where $k_F$ is the Fermi wave vector and
$d$ is the separation between the layers. (ii) The collective mode contribution
to the spin-drag transresistivity is negligible at all temperatures. Moreover
the spin drag effect is, for comparable parameters, larger than the ordinary
Coulomb drag effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73329 </DOCNO>
Incorporating next-to-leading order matrix elements for hadronic diboson


  A method for incorporating information from next-to-leading order QCD matrix
elements for hadronic diboson production into showering event generators is
presented. In the hard central region (high jet transverse momentum) where
perturbative QCD is reliable, events are sampled according to the first order
tree level matrix element. In the soft and collinear regions next-to-leading
order corrections are approximated by calculating the differential cross
section across the phase space accessible to the parton shower using the first
order (virtual graphs included) matrix element. The parton shower then provides
an all-orders exclusive description of parton emissions. Events generated in
this way provide a physical result across the entire jet transverse momentum
spectrum, have next-to-leading order normalization everywhere, and have
positive definite event weights. The method is generalizable without
modification to any color singlet production process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87038 </DOCNO>
Brane World Cosmology with Gauss-Bonnet Interaction


  We study a Randall-Sundrum model modified by a Gauss-Bonnet interaction term.
We consider, in particular, a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric on the brane
and analyse the resulting cosmological scenario. It is shown that the usual
Friedmann equations are recovered on the brane. The equation of state relating
the enery density and the pressure is uniquely determined by the matching
conditions. A cosmological solution with negative pressure is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76964 </DOCNO>
N=2 6-dimensional Supersymmetric $E_6$ Breaking


  We study the $N=2$ supersymmetric $E_6$ models on the 6-dimensional
space-time where the supersymmetry and gauge symmetry can be broken by the
discrete symmetry. On the space-time $M^4\times S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2') \times
S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2')$, for the zero modes, we obtain the 4-dimensional $N=1$
supersymmetric models with gauge groups $SU(3)\times SU(2) \times SU(2) \times
U(1)^2$, $SU(4)\times SU(2) \times SU(2) \times U(1)$, and $SU(3)\times SU(2)
\times U(1)^3$ with one extra pair of Higgs doublets from the vector multiplet.
In addition, considering that the extra space manifold is the annulus $A^2$ and
disc $D^2$, we list all the constraints on constructing the 4-dimensional $N=1$
supersymmetric $SU(3)\times SU(2) \times U(1)^3$ models for the zero modes, and
give the simplest model with $Z_9$ symmetry. We also comment on the extra gauge
symmetry breaking and its generalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41206 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the quadratic slope parameter in the K_L -> 3\pi^0 decay


  A value of (-6.1 +- 0.9_{stat} +- 0.5_{syst})*10^{-3} is obtained for the
quadratic slope parameter h in the K_L -> 3\pi^0 decay Dalitz plot at the NA48
experiment at the CERN SPS. The result is based on 14.7*10^6 fully
reconstructed K_L -> 3\pi^0 -> 6\gamma decays. This is the most precise
measurement of any of the Dalitz plot slope parameters in the charged and
neutral kaon decays so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113874 </DOCNO>
Detection of the primary scintillation light from dense Ar, Kr and Xe


  The detection of primary scintillation light in combination with the charge
or secondary scintillation signals is an efficient technique to determine the
events t=0 as well as particle / photon separation in large mass TPC detectors
filled with noble gases and/or condensed noble gases. The aim of this work is
to demonstrate that costly photo-multipliers could be replaced by cheap novel
photosensitive gaseous detectors: wire counters, GEMs or glass capillary tubes
coupled with CsI photocathodes. We have performed systematic measurements with
Ar, Kr and Xe gas at pressures in the range of 1-50 atm as well as some
preliminary measurements with liquid Xe and liquid Ar. With the gaseous
detectors we succeeded in detecting scintillation light produced by 22 keV
X-rays with an efficiency of close to 100%. We also detected the scintillation
light produced by bs (5 keV deposit energy) with an efficiency close to 25%.
Successful detection of scintillation from 22 keV gammas open new experimental
possibilities not only for nTOF and ICARUS experiments, but also in others,
like WIMPs search through nuclear recoil emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87213 </DOCNO>
Charged Rotating Black Holes in Equilibrium


  Axially symmetric, stationary solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations
with disconnected event horizon are studied by developing a method of explicit
integration of the corresponding boundary-value problem. This problem is
reduced to non-leaner system of algebraic equations which gives relations
between the masses, the angular momenta, the angular velocities, the charges,
the distance parameters, the values of the electromagnetic field potential at
the horizon and at the symmetry axis. A found solution of this system for the
case of two charged non-rotating black holes shows that in general the total
mass depends on the distance between black holes. Two-Killing reduction
procedure of the Einstein-Maxwell equations is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75241 </DOCNO>
Rare K decays in a model of quark and lepton masses


  An extension of a model of neutrino masses to the quark sector provides an
interesting link between these two sectors. A parameter which is important to
describe neutrino oscillations and masses is found to be a crucial one
appearing in various ``penguin'' operators, in particular the so-called Z
penguin. This parameter is severely constrained by the rare decay process
$K_{L} \to \mu^{+} \mu^{-}$. This in turn has interesting implications on the
decay rates of other rare processes such as $K_{L} \to \mu e$, etc..., as well
as on the masses of the neutrinos and the masses of the vector-like quarks and
leptons which appear in our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81277 </DOCNO>
B meson B-parameters and the decay constant in two-flavor dynamical QCD


  We present a two-flavor dynamical QCD calculation of the B meson B parameters
and decay constant. We use NRQCD for heavy quark and the nonperturbatively
O(a)-improved Wilson action for light quark at $\beta$=5.2 on a $20^3\times 48$
lattice. We confirm that the sea quark effect increases the heavy-light decay
constant, while estimate of its magnitude depends significantly on the fitting
form in the chiral extrapolation. For the B parameters, on the other hand, we
do not find a significant sea quark effect. The chiral extrapolation with
logarithmic term is examined for both quantities and compared with the
prediction of ChPT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41691 </DOCNO>
Heavy Flavour Physics at HERA - A Survey


  Erroneous duplicate submission of hep-ph/0109254. Removed by arXiv admin. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41233 </DOCNO>
Final NOMAD results on nu_mu->nu_tau and nu_e->nu_tau oscillations


  Results from the nu_tau appearance search in a neutrino beam using the full
NOMAD data sample are reported. A new analysis unifies all the hadronic tau
decays, significantly improving the overall sensitivity of the experiment to
oscillations. The "blind analysis" of all topologies yields no evidence for an
oscillation signal. In the two-family oscillation scenario, this sets a 90%
C.L. allowed region in the sin^2(2theta)-Delta m^2 plane which includes
sin^2(2theta)<3.3 x 10^{-4} at large Delta m^2 and Delta m^2 < 0.7 eV^2/c^4 at
sin^2(2theta)=1. The corresponding contour in the nu_e->nu_tau oscillation
hypothesis results in sin^2(2theta)<1.5 x 10^{-2} at large Delta m^2 and Delta
m^2 < 5.9 eV^2/c^4 at sin^2(2theta)=1. We also derive limits on effective
couplings of the tau lepton to nu_mu or nu_e.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148076 </DOCNO>
OM Theory and V-duality


  We show that the (M5, M2, M2$'$, MW) bound state solution of eleven
dimensional supergravity recently constructed in hep-th/0009147 is related to
the (M5, M2) bound state one by a finite Lorentz boost along a M5-brane
direction perpendicular to the M2-brane. Given the (M5, M2) bound state as a
defining system for OM theory and the above relation between this system and
the (M5, M2, M2', MW) bound state, we test the recently proposed V-duality
conjecture in OM theory. Insisting to have a decoupled OM theory, we find that
the allowed Lorentz boost has to be infinitesimally small, therefore resulting
in a family of OM theories related by Galilean boosts. We argue that such
related OM theories are equivalent to each other. In other words, V-duality
holds for OM theory as well. Upon compactification on either an electric or a
`magnetic' circle (plus T-dualities as well), the V-duality for OM theory gives
the known one for either noncommutative open string theories or noncommutative
Yang-Mills theories. This further implies that V-duality holds in general for
the little m-theory without gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76660 </DOCNO>
Modeling Quintessential Inflation


  We develop general criteria to construct unified frameworks for inflation and
quintessence which employ a unique scalar field to drive both. By using such a
minimal theoretical framework we avoid having to fine-tune couplings and
mass-scales. In particular the initial conditions for quintessence are already
fixed at the end of the inflationary epoch. We provide concrete realizations of
the method which meet all inflationary and quintessence requirements, such as
the COBE normalization and the resulting spectral index n = 0.97, which is in
excellent agreement with the latest CMB data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6744 </DOCNO>
Scaling in cosmic structures


  The study of the properties of cosmic structures in the universe is one of
the most fascinating subject of the modern cosmology research. Far from being
predicted, the large scale structure of the matter distribution is a very
recent discovery, which continuosly exhibits new features and issues. We have
faced such topic along two directions; from one side we have studied the
correlation properties of the cosmic structures, that we have found
substantially different from the commonly accepted ones. From the other side,
we have studied the statistical properties of the very simplified system, in
the attempt to capture the essential ingredients of the formation of the
observed structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75668 </DOCNO>
Experimental Signature for Black Hole Production in Neutrino Air Showers


  The existence of extra degrees of freedom beyond the electroweak scale may
allow the formation of black holes in nearly horizontal neutrino air showers.
In this paper we examine the average properties of the light descendants of
these black holes. Our analysis indicates that black hole decay gives rise to
deeply penetrating showers with an electromagnetic component which differs
substantially from that in conventional neutrino interactions, allowing a good
characterization of the phenomenon against background. Naturally occurring
black holes in horizontal neutrino showers could be detected and studied with
the Auger air shower array. Since the expected black hole production rate at
Auger is $> 1$ event/year, this cosmic ray observatory could be potentially
powerful in probing models with extra dimensions and TeV-scale gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126361 </DOCNO>
Source Regions of Coronal Mass Ejections


  Observations of the solar corona with the Large Angle Spectrometric
Coronograph (LASCO) and Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) instruments
on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) provide an unprecedented
opportunity to study coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from their initiation
through their evolution out to 30 \rsun. The objective of this study is to gain
an understanding of the source regions from which the CMEs emanate. To this
end, we have developed a list of 32 CMEs whose source regions are located on
the solar disk and are well observed in EIT 195 {\AA} data during the period
from so lar minimum in January 1996 through the rising part of the cycle in May
1998. We compare the EIT source regions with photospheric magnetograms from the
Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) instrument on SOHO and the NSO/Kitt Peak
Observatory and also with H$\alpha$ data from various sources. The overall
results of our study show that 41% of the CME related transients observed are
associated with active regions and have no prominence eruptions, 44% are
associated with eruptions of prominences embedded in active regions and 15% are
associated with eruptions of prominences outside active regions. Those CMEs
that do not involve prominence eruptions originate in active regions both with
and without prominences. We describe 6 especially well observed events. These
case studies suggest that active region CMEs (without eruptive prominences) are
associated with active regions with lifetimes between 11--80 days. They are
also often associated with small scale emerging or cancelling flux over
timescales of 6--7 hours. CMEs associated with active region prominence
eruptions, on the other hand, are typically associated with old active regions
with lifetimes $\sim$ 6-7 months.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1727 </DOCNO>
Photoemission study of the skutterudite compounds


  We have studied the electronic structure of the skutterudite compounds
Co(Sb$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$)$_3$ (x= 0, 0.02, 0.04) by photoemission spectroscopy.
Valence-band spectra revealed that Sb 5p states are dominant near the Fermi
level and are hybridized with Co 3d states just below it. The spectra of {\it
p}-type CoSb$_3$ are well reproduced by the band-structure calculation, which
suggests that the effect of electron correlations is not strong in CoSb$_3$.
When Te is substituted for Sb and n-type carriers are doped into CoSb$_3$, the
spectra are shifted to higher binding energies as predicted by the rigid-band
model. From this shift and the free-electron model for the conduction and
valence bands, we have estimated the band gap of CoSb$_3$ to be 0.03-0.04 eV,
which is consistent with the result of transport measurements. Photoemission
spectra of RhSb$_3$ have also been measured and revealed similarities to and
differences from those of CoSb$_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125294 </DOCNO>
NH3 in the Central 10 pc of the Galaxy I: General Morphology and


  New VLA images of NH3 (1,1), (2,2), and (3,3) emission in the central 10
parsecs of the Galaxy trace filamentary streams of gas, several of which appear
to feed the circumnuclear disk (CND). The NH3 images have a spatial resolution
of 16.5''x14.5'' and have better spatial sampling than previous NH3
observations. The images show the ``southern streamer,'' ``50 km/s cloud,'' and
new features including a ``western streamer'', 6 parsecs in length, and a
``northern ridge'' which connects to the CND. NH3(3,3) emission is very similar
to 1.2 mm dust emission indicating that NH3 traces column density well. Ratios
of the NH3(2,2) to (1,1) line intensities give an estimate of the temperature
of the gas and indicate high temperatures close to the nucleus and CND. The new
data cover a velocity range of 270 km/s, including all velocities observed in
the CND, with a resolution of 9.8 km/s. Previous NH3 observations with higher
resolution did not cover the entire range of velocities seen in the CND. The
large-scale kinematics of the CND do not resemble a coherent ring or disk. We
see evidence for a high velocity cloud within a projected distance of 50'' (2
pc) which is only seen in NH3(3,3) and is likely to be hot. Comparison to 6 cm
continuum emission reveals that much of the NH3 emission traces the outer edges
of Sgr A East and was probably pushed outward by this expanding shell. The
connection between the northern ridge (which appears to be swept up by Sgr A
East) and the CND indicates that Sgr A East and the CND are in close proximity
to each other. Kinematic evidence for these connections is presented in this
paper, while the full kinematic analysis of the central 10 pc will be presented
in Paper II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76740 </DOCNO>
High-precision e-expansions of three-loop master integrals contributing


  In this paper we calculate at high-precision the Laurent expansions in
e=(4-D)/2 of the 17 master integrals which appeared in the analytical
calculation of 3-loop QED contribution to the electron g-2, using difference
and differential equations. The coefficients of the expansions so obtained are
in perfect agreement with all the analytical expressions already known. The
values of coefficients not previously known will be used in the high-precision
calculation of the 4-loop QED contribution to the electron g-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6830 </DOCNO>
Intermolecular effects in the center-of-mass dynamics of unentangled


  We investigate the anomalous dynamics of unentangled polymer melts. The
proposed equation of motion formally relates the anomalous center-of-mass
diffusion, as observed in computer simulations and experiments, to the nature
of the effective intermolecular mean-force potential. An analytical
Gaussian-core form of the potential between the centers of mass of two polymers
is derived, which agrees with computer simulations and allows the analytical
solution of the equation of motion. The calculated center-of-mass dynamics is
characterized by an initial subdiffusive regime that persists for the spatial
range of the intermolecular mean-force potential, and for time intervals
shorter than the first intramolecular relaxation time, in agreement with
experiments and computer simulations of unentangled polymer melt dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167925 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic quantum mechanics


  We start to develop the quantization formalism in a hyperbolic Hilbert space.
Generalizing Born's probability interpretation, we found that unitary
transformations in such a Hilbert space represent a new class of
transformations of probabilities which describe a kind of {\it hyperbolic
interference}. The most interesting problem which was generated by our
investigation is to find experimental evidence of hyperbolic interference. The
hyperbolic quantum formalism can also be interesting as a new theory of
probabilistic waves that can be developed parallely to the standard quantum
theory. Comparative analysis of these two wave theories could be useful for
understanding of the role of various structures of the standard quantum
formalism. In particular, one of distinguishing feature of the hyperbolic
quantum formalism is the restricted validity of the superposition principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168426 </DOCNO>
Probabilities, Tensors and Qubits


  In the paper is discussed complete probabilistic description of quantum
systems with application to multiqubit quantum computations. In simplest case
it is a set of probabilities of transitions to some fixed set of states. The
probabilities in the set may be represented linearly via coefficients of
density matrix and it is very similar with description using mixed states, but
also may give some alternative view on specific properties of quantum circuits
due to possibility of direct comparison with classical statistical paradigm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7202 </DOCNO>
The thermal conductivity reduction in HgTe/CdTe superlattices


  The techniques used previously to calculate the three-fold thermal
conductivity reduction due to phonon dispersion in GaAs/AlAs superlattices
(SLs) are applied to HgTe/CdTe SLs. The reduction factor is approximately the
same, indicating that this SL may be applicable both as a photodetector and a
thermoelectric cooler.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86975 </DOCNO>
Spherical Gravitating Systems of Arbitrary Dimension


  We study spherically symmetric solutions to the Einstein field equations
under the assumption that the space-time may possess an arbitrary number of
spatial dimensions. The general solution of Synge is extended to describe
systems of any dimension. Arbitrary dimension analogues of known four
dimensional solutions are also presented, derived using the above scheme.
Finally, we discuss the requirements for the existence of Birkhoff's theorems
in space-times of arbitrary dimension with or without matter fields present.
Cases are discussed where the assumptions of the theorem are considerably
weakened yet the theorem still holds. We also discuss where the weakening of
certain conditions may cause the theorem to fail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40902 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Antilambda Polarization in nu_mu Charged Current


  We present a measurement of the polarization of Antilambda hyperons produced
in nu_mu charged current interactions. The full data sample from the NOMAD
experiment has been analyzed using the same V0 identification procedure and
analysis method reported in a previous paper for the case of Lambda hyperons.
The Antilambda polarization has been measured for the first time in a neutrino
experiment. The polarization vector is found to be compatible with zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3507 </DOCNO>
Computer simulations of electrorheological fluids in the dipole-induced


  We have employed the multiple image method to compute the interparticle force
for a polydisperse electrorheological (ER) fluid in which the suspended
particles can have various sizes and different permittivites. The point-dipole
(PD) approximation being routinely adopted in computer simulation of ER fluids
is shown to err considerably when the particles approach and finally touch due
to multipolar interactions. The PD approximation becomes even worse when the
dielectric contrast between the particles and the host medium is large. From
the results, we show that the dipole-induced-dipole (DID) model yields very
good agreements with the multiple image results for a wide range of dielectric
contrasts and polydispersity. As an illustration, we have employed the DID
model to simulate the athermal aggregation of particles in ER fluids both in
uniaxial and rotating fields. We find that the aggregation time is
significantly reduced. The DID model accounts for multipolar interaction
partially and is simple to use in computer simulation of ER fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124076 </DOCNO>
Gas, Dust, and Young Stars in the Outer Disk of M 31


  Using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope we have obtained deep
high-resolution CCD images in V and I of a 28'x28' field in the outer disk of M
31 at ~ 116' from the center along the major axis to the south-west, and
covering a range of projected galactocentric distance from about 23 to 33 kpc.
The field was chosen to correspond with extended HI features recorded near the
HI edge of the galaxy.
  The many tens of thousands of objects detected in this large field have been
classified using an automatic algorithm which distinguishes unresolved from
resolved structures and provides photometry on them. For the most part the
unresolved objects are stars in M 31. The V-I colors of these stars are highly
correlated with the column density of HI in the field. Assuming a Galactic
extinction law, this yields a minimum extinction/atomic-gas ratio about 1/3 of
that in the Solar neighbourhood. The ISM in this outer disk of M 31 therefore
contains substantial amounts of dust.
  We have identified a population of B stars in the field whose distribution is
also well correlated with the extended HI distribution. Evidently, star
formation is both ongoing and wide spread in the outer disk of M 31. According
to the current view of the star formation process, molecular gas is therefore
also expected to be present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98264 </DOCNO>
Absolutely continuous spectrum of Stark operators


  We prove several new results on the absolutely continuous spectra of
perturbed one-dimensional Stark operators. First, we find new classes of
perturbations, characterized mainly by smoothness conditions, which preserve
purely absolutely continuous spectrum. Then we establish stability of the
absolutely continuous spectrum in more general situations, where imbedded
singular spectrum may occur. We present two kinds of optimal conditions for the
stability of absolutely continuous spectrum: decay and smoothness. In the decay
direction, we show that a sufficient (in the power scale) condition is $|q(x)|
\leq C(1+|x|)^{-{1/4}-\epsilon};$ in the smoothness direction, a sufficient
condition in H\"older classes is $q \in C^{{1/2}+\epsilon}(\reals)$. On the
other hand, we show that there exist potentials which both satisfy $|q(x)| \leq
C(1+|x|)^{-1/4}$ and belong to $C^{1/2}(\reals)$ for which the spectrum becomes
purely singular on the whole real axis, so that the above results are optimal
within the scales considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98350 </DOCNO>
Substitution Delone Sets


  This paper addresses the problem of describing aperiodic discrete structures
that have a self-similar or self-affine structure. Substitution Delone set
families are families of Delone sets (X_1, ..., X_n) in R^d that satisfy an
inflation functional equation under the action of an expanding integer matrix
in R^d. This paper studies such functional equation in which each X_i is a
discrete multiset (a set whose elements are counted with a finite
multiplicity). It gives necessary conditions on the coefficients of the
functional equation for discrete solutions to exist. It treats the case where
the equation has Delone set solutions. Finally, it gives a large set of
examples showing limits to the results obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124064 </DOCNO>
Repetitive rebrightening of EG Cancri: evidence for viscosity decay in


  A WZ Sge-type dwarf nova, EG Cancri, exhibited six consecutive mini-outbursts
with a mean interval of about seven days after the end of the main outburst in
1996/1997. Most unusual was that the star abruptly entered into a deep faint
minimum after such frantic activities. We propose that this peculiar phenomenon
may be understoodin terms of viscosity decay in the cold disk. In this picture,
the viscosity is produced by MHD turbulence due to the magneto-rotational
instability ('Balbus-Hawley instability') and dies down exponentially with time
when the disk becomes cold because the magnetic fields decay due to finite
conductivity in the cold disk (Gammie & Menou 1998). But the viscosity is
refreshed to a high value every time when a mini-outburst occurs (i.e., the
disk becomes hot again). It is argued that a sudden cessation of repetitive
mini-outbursts may be brought about by a very small reduction in viscosity or a
small increase in its decay rate, which may in turn be produced most likely by
stochastic fluctuations of magnetic fields. Numerical simulations based on a
simple model reproduce the observed light curve of EG Cancri very well. We
discuss possible causes why the reflares after the main outburst occur mostly
in the WZ Sge-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1425 </DOCNO>
Elasticity Theory Connection Rules for Epitaxial Interfaces


  Elasticity theory provides an accurate description of the long-wavelength
vibrational dynamics of homogeneous crystalline solids, and with supplemental
boundary conditions on the displacement field can also be applied to abrupt
heterojunctions and interfaces. The conventional interface boundary conditions,
or connection rules, require that the displacement field and its associated
stress field be continuous through the interface. We argue, however, that these
boundary conditions are generally incorrect for epitaxial interfaces, and we
give the general procedure for deriving the correct conditions, which depend
essentially on the detailed microscopic structure of the interface. As a simple
application of our theory we analyze in detail a one-dimensional model of an
inhomogeneous crystal, a chain of harmonic oscillators with an abrupt change in
mass and spring stiffness parameters. Our results have implications for phonon
dynamics in nanostructures such as superlattices and nanoparticles, as well as
for the thermal boundary resistance at epitaxial interfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124215 </DOCNO>
Multiple Components of the Luminous Compact X-ray Source at the Edge of


  We report the results of the analysis of ASCA/ROSAT observations of the
compact luminous X-ray source found at the edge of the nearby star-forming
dwarf galaxy Holmberg II (UGC 4305).Our ASCA spectrum revealed that the X-ray
emission extends to the hard band and can be best described by a power-law with
a photon spectral index of 1.9. The ASCA spectrum does not fit with a
multi-color disk blackbody. The joint ASCA-ROSAT spectrum suggests two
components to the spectrum: the hard power-law component and a warm thermal
plasma kT~0.3[keV]. An additional absorption over that of our galaxy is
required. The wobble correction of the ROSAT HRI image has clearly unveiled the
existence of an extended component which amounts to 27+/-5% of the total X-ray
emission.
 These observations indicate that there are more than one component in the
X-ray emission. The properties of the point-like component is indicative of an
accretion onto an intermediate mass blackhole, unless a beaming is taking
place. We argue that the extended component does not come from electron
scattering and/or reflection by scattered optically-thick clouds of the central
radiation. Possible explanations of this X-ray source include multiple
supernova remnants feeding an intermediate-mass blackhole. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128122 </DOCNO>
The Butcher-Oemler Effect in High Redshift X-ray Selected Clusters


  We are engaged in a wide-field, multi-colour imaging survey of X-ray selected
clusters at intermediate and high redshift. We present blue fractions for the
first 8 out of 29 clusters, covering almost a factor of 100 in X-ray
luminosity. We find no correlation of blue fraction with redshift or X-ray
luminosity. The lack of a correlation with L$_{X}$, places strong constraints
on the importance of ram-pressure stripping as a driver of the Butcher-Oemler
effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179393 </DOCNO>
The effect of finite-range interactions in classical transport theory


  The effect of scattering with non-zero impact parameters between consituents
in relativistic heavy ion collisions is investigated. In solving the
relativistic Boltzmann equation, the characteristic range of the collision
kernel is varied from approximately one fm to zero while leaving the mean-free
path unchanged. Modifying this range is shown to significantly affect spectra
and flow observables. The finite range is shown to provide effective
viscosities, shear, bulk viscosity and heat conductivity, with the viscous
coefficients being proportional to the square of the interaction range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41482 </DOCNO>
Searches for excited fermions in ep collisions at HERA


  Searches in ep collisions for heavy excited fermions have been performed with
the ZEUS detector at HERA. Excited states of electrons and quarks have been
searched for in e^+p collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 300 GeV using an
integrated luminosity of 47.7 pb^-1. Excited electrons have been sought via the
decays e*->egamma, e*->eZ and e*->nuW. Excited quarks have been sought via the
decays q*->qgamma and q*->qW. A search for excited neutrinos decaying via
nu*->nugamma, nu*->nuZ and nu*->eW is presented using e^-p collisions at 318
GeV centre-of-mass energy, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 16.7
pb^-1. No evidence for any excited fermion is found, and limits on the
characteristic couplings are derived for masses below 250 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96365 </DOCNO>
Impenetrable Barriers and Canonical Quantization


  We address a conceptual issue of reconciling the traditional canonical
quantization framework of quantum theory with the spatially restricted quantum
dynamics and the related spectral problems for confined and global observables
of the quantum system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97333 </DOCNO>
Functional Equations for Lexicographic Products


  We generalize the main result of math.RA/9608214 concerning the convex
embeddings of a chain Gamma in a lexicographic power Delta^Gamma. For a fixed
nonempty chain Delta, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the
existence of nonempty solutions Gamma to each of the lexicographic functional
equations (Delta^Gamma)^{<=0} simeq Gamma, (Delta^Gamma) simeq Gamma, and
(Delta^Gamma)^{<0} simeq Gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124870 </DOCNO>
A grid of chemical evolution models along the Hubble Sequence


  We have computed a grid of multiphase chemical evolution models whose results
are valid for any spiral galaxy, using as input the maximum rotation velocity
and the morphological type or index T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74017 </DOCNO>
Primordial Nucleosynthesis with CMB Inputs: Probing the Early Universe


  Cosmic microwave background (CMB) determinations of the baryon-to-photon
ratio $\eta \propto \Omega_{\rm baryon} h^2$ will remove the last free
parameter from (standard) big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) calculations. This
will make BBN a much sharper probe of early universe physics, for example,
greatly refining the BBN measurement of the effective number of light neutrino
species, $N_{\nu,eff}$. We show how the CMB can improve this limit, given
current light element data. Moreover, it will become possible to constrain
$N_{\nu,eff}$ independent of \he4, by using other elements, notably deuterium;
this will allow for sharper limits and tests of systematics. For example, a 3%
measurement of $\eta$, together with a 10% (3%) measurement of primordial D/H,
can measure $N_{\nu,eff}$ to a 95% confidence level of $\sigma_{95%}(N_\nu) =
1.8$ (1.0) if $\eta \sim 6.0\times 10^{-10}$. If instead, one adopts the
standard model value $N_{\nu,eff}=3$, then one can use $\eta$ (and its
uncertainty) from the CMB to make accurate predictions for the primordial
abundances. These determinations can in turn become key inputs in the
nucleosynthesis history (chemical evolution) of galaxies thereby placing
constraints on such models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 147 </DOCNO>
Reunion of random walkers with a long range interaction: applications to


  We use renormalization group to calculate the reunion and survival exponents
of a set of random walkers interacting with a long range $1/r^2$ and a short
range interaction. These exponents are used to study the binding-unbinding
transition of polymers and the behavior of several quantum problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179516 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov description of deformed light nuclei


  The Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov model is applied in the analysis of
ground-state properties of Be, B, C, N, F, Ne and Na isotopes. The model uses
the NL3 effective interaction in the mean-field Lagrangian, and describes
pairing correlations by the pairing part of the finite range Gogny interaction
D1S. Neutron separation energies, quadrupole deformations, nuclear matter
radii, and differences in radii of proton and neutron distributions are
compared with recent experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74588 </DOCNO>
The Breaking of Isospin and the rho-omega-System


  Simple quark models for the low lying vector mesons suggest a mixing between
the u- and d-flavors and a violation of the isospin symmetry for the rho-omega
system much stronger than observed. It is shown that the chiral dynamics,
especially the QCD anomaly, is responsible for a restoration of the isospin
symmetry in the rho-omega system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86172 </DOCNO>
On Radar Time and the Twin `Paradox'


  In this paper we apply the concept of radar time (popularised by Bondi in his
work on k-calculus) to the well-known relativistic twin `paradox'. Radar time
is used to define hypersurfaces of simultaneity for a class of travelling
twins, from the `Immediate Turn-around' case, through the `Gradual Turn-around'
case, to the `Uniformly Accelerating' case. We show that this definition of
simultaneity is independent of choice of coordinates, and assigns a unique time
to any event (with which the travelling twin can send and receive signals),
resolving some common misconceptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1564 </DOCNO>
Momentum-resolved tunneling between Luttinger liquids


  We study tunneling between two nearby cleaved edge quantum wires in a
perpendicular magnetic field. Due to Coulomb forces between electrons, the
wires form a strongly-interacting pair of Luttinger liquids. We calculate the
low-temperature differential tunneling conductance, in which singular features
map out the dispersion relations of the fractionalized quasiparticles of the
system. The velocities of several such spin-charge separated excitations can be
explicitly observed. Moreover, the proposed measurement directly demonstrates
the splintering of the tunneling electrons into a multi-particle continuum of
these quasiparticles, carrying separately charge from spin. A variety of
corrections to the simple Luttinger model are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124951 </DOCNO>
Smooth maps from clumpy data


  We study an estimator for smoothing irregularly sampled data into a smooth
map. The estimator has been widely used in astronomy, owing to its low level of
noise; it involves a weight function -- or smoothing kernel -- w(\theta). We
show that this estimator is not unbiased, in the sense that the expectation
value of the smoothed map is not the underlying process convolved with $w$, but
a convolution with a modified kernel w_eff(\theta). We show how to calculate
w_eff for a given kernel w and investigate its properties. In particular, it is
found that (1) w_eff is normalized, (2) has a shape `similar' to the original
kernel w, (3) converges to w in the limit of high number density of data
points, and (4) reduces to a top-hat filter in the limit of very small number
density of data points. Hence, although the estimator is biased, the bias is
well understood analytically, and since w_eff has all the desired properties of
a smoothing kernel, the estimator is in fact very useful. We present explicit
examples for several filter functions which are commonly used, and provide a
series expression valid in the limit of large density of data points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73532 </DOCNO>
Non-adiabatic level crossing in (non-) resonant neutrino oscillations


  We study neutrino oscillations and the level-crossing probability
$P_{LZ}=\exp(-\gamma_n\F_n\pi/2)$ in power-law like potential profiles
$A(r)\propto r^n$. After showing that the resonance point coincides only for a
linear profile with the point of maximal violation of adiabaticity, we point
out that the ``adiabaticity'' parameter $\gamma_n$ can be calculated at an
arbitrary point if the correction function $\F_n$ is rescaled appropriately. We
present a new representation for the level-crossing probability,
$P_{LZ}=\exp(-\kappa_n\G_n)$, which allows a simple numerical evaluation of
$P_{LZ}$ in both the resonant and non-resonant cases and where $\G_n$ contains
the full dependence of $P_{LZ}$ on the mixing angle $\theta$. As an application
we consider the case $n=-3$ important for oscillations of supernova neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95993 </DOCNO>
Quiver varieties and tensor products


  In this article, we give geometric constructions of tensor products in
various categories using quiver varieties. More precisely, we introduce a
lagrangian subvariety $\Zl$ in a quiver variety, and show the following
results:
  (1) The homology group of $\Zl$ is a representation of a symmetric Kac-Moody
Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$, isomorphic to the tensor product
$V(\lambda_1)\otimes...\otimes V(\lambda_N)$ of integrable highest weight
modules.
  (2) The set of irreducible components of $\Zl$ has a structure of a crystal,
isomorphic to that of the $q$-analogue of $V(\lambda_1)\otimes...\otimes
V(\lambda_N)$.
  (3) The equivariant $K$-homology group of $\Zl$ is isomorphic to the tensor
product of universal standard modules of the quantum loop algebra $\Ul$, when
$\mathfrak g$ is of type $ADE$.
  We also give a purely combinatorial description of the crystal of (2). This
result is new even when N=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4877 </DOCNO>
Proteins Wriggle


  We propose an algorithmic strategy for improving the efficiency of Monte
Carlo searches for the low-energy states of proteins. Our strategy is motivated
by a model of how proteins alter their shapes. In our model when proteins fold
under physiological conditions, their backbone dihedral angles change
synchronously in groups of four or more so as to avoid steric clashes and
respect the kinematic conservation laws. They wriggle; they do not thrash. We
describe a simple algorithm that can be used to incorporate wriggling in Monte
Carlo simulations of protein folding. We have tested this wriggling algorithm
against a code in which the dihedral angles are varied independently
(thrashing). Our standard of success is the average root-mean-square distance
(rmsd) between the alpha-carbons of the folding protein and those of its native
structure. After 100,000 Monte Carlo sweeps, the relative decrease in the mean
rmsd, as one switches from thrashing to wriggling, rises from 11% for the
protein 3LZM with 164 amino acids (aa) to 40% for the protein 1A1S with 313 aa
and 47% for the protein 16PK with 415 aa. These results suggest that wriggling
is useful and that its utility increases with the size of the protein. One may
implement wriggling on a parallel computer or a computer farm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 263 </DOCNO>
Phase Field Methods and Dislocations


  We present a general formalism for incorporating dislocations in Phase Field
methods. This formalism is based on the elastic equivalence between a
dislocation loop and a platelet inclusion of specific stress-free strain
related to the loop Burgers vector and normal. Dislocations are thus treated as
platelet inclusions and may be coupled dynamically to any other field such as a
concentration field. The method is illustrated through the simulation of a
Frank-Read source and of the shrinkage of a loop in presence of a concentration
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4068 </DOCNO>
Microscopic versus mesoscopic local density of states in one-dimensional


  We calculate the probability distribution of the local density of states
$\nu$ in a disordered one-dimensional conductor or single-mode waveguide,
attached at one end to an electron or photon reservoir. We show that this
distribution does not display a log-normal tail for small $\nu$, but diverges
instead $\propto\nu^{-1/2}$. The log-normal tail appears if $\nu$ is averaged
over rapid oscillations on the scale of the wavelength. There is no such
qualitative distinction between microscopic and mesoscopic densities of states
if the levels are broadened by inelastic scattering or absorption, rather than
by coupling to a reservoir.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128096 </DOCNO>
Turbulence and mixing in the early universe


  The role of turbulence and turbulent mixing in the formation and evolution of
the early universe is examined. A new quantum-gravitational-dynamics model
suggests that the mechanism of the hot big bang is functionally equivalent to
the mechanism of turbulence, where an inertial-vortex force at Planck scales
matches the Planck gravitational force and drives the formation of
space-time-energy and the formation of more Planck particles, more spinning
Planck-Kerr particles, and a big bang turbulence cascade to larger scales
before cooling to the strong force freeze out temperature. Temperature
fluctuations between the Planck temperature and strong force temperature are
mixed by turbulence to give a Corrsin-Obukhov spectral form. Inflation
fossilizes the turbulent temperature fluctuations by stretching them beyond the
horizon scale of causal connection ct, where c is light speed and t is time.
Fossil temperature turbulence fluctuations seed anisotropies in the
nucleosynthesis of light elements, causing density fluctuations that seed the
first formation of gravitational structure in the matter dominated
hydrogen-helium plasma: proto-voids at galaxy supercluster scales. Evidence of
the proposed big bang turbulence event and first gravitational structure
formation is provided by the spectral form of the cosmic microwave temperature
fluctuations, which have been misinterpreted as sonic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149727 </DOCNO>
The d=6, N=1 heterotic string does not "live" in six dimensions


  We discuss why the N_6=1 heterotic string has to be viewed as something
similar to a ``non-compact orbifold''. Only the perturbative spectrum is forced
to satisfy the constraints imposed by the vanishing of six-dimensional
anomalies. These do not apply to the states of the non-perturbative spectrum,
such as those appearing when small instantons shrink to zero size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40865 </DOCNO>
Tau2000 Conference Summary


  This is a review of some of the highlights of the 6th workshop on the physics
of the tau lepton and its neutrino. This includes the test of lepton
universality, measurement of Lorentz Structure, study of hadronic decays,
direct evidence of tau neutrino, status of neutrino oscillations, and search
for neutrinoless decays. This review concludes with a look at the prospect for
tau physics in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169052 </DOCNO>
The Feynman Propagator from a Single Path


  We show that it is possible to construct the Feynman Propagator in one
dimension, without quantization, from a single continuous space-time path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72490 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constraints on Large Extra Dimensions


  We calculate the production of massive Kaluza-Klein(KK) modes via
nucleon-nucleon gravi-bremsstrahlung in the early universe. Overproduction of
these states would result in early matter domination and therefore a low age
for the universe so it is possible to place constraints on the number and size
of large extra dimensions. The constraints are stronger than those from Sn1987a
- for 2 large extra dimensions and T_QCD=170 MeV, we show the fundamental scale
must be larger than 1,000 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148912 </DOCNO>
Warped Geometry in Higher Dimensions with an Orbifold Extra Dimension


  We solve the Einstein equations in higher dimensions with warped geometry
where an extra dimension is assumed to have orbifold symmetry $S^{1}/Z_{2}$.
The setup considered here is an extension of the five-dimensional
Randall-Sundrum model to $5+D$ dimensions, and hidden and observable branes are
fixed on the orbifold. It is assumed that the brane tension (self-energy) of
each brane with $(4+D)$-dimensional spacetime is anisotropic and that the
warped metric function of the four dimensions is generally different from that
of the extra $D$ dimensions. We point out that the forms of the warped metric
functions and the relations between the tensions of two branes depend on the
integration constant appearing in the Einstein equations as well as on the sign
of the bulk cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76460 </DOCNO>
Electric Field Effects and the Experimental Value of the Muon g-2


  The electric field corrections to the recently measured muon magnetic moment
g-2 anomaly are considered from both the classical (BMT) and the quantum
mechanical (Dirac) viewpoints. In both views, we prove that the electric field
inducing the horizontal betatron tune does not renormalize the anomaly
frequency. With this result kept in mind, the experimental muon magnetic moment
anomaly is in closer agreement with standard model predictions than has been
previously reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95513 </DOCNO>
Continuous topological evolution


  A non-statistical theory of continuous, but irreversible, evolution can be
constructed in terms of the Cartan calculus. The fundamental postulate, for an
evolutionary theory which admits irreversible processes, is that the topology
of the initial state will be different from the topology of the final state.
Several fundamental theorems of continuous evolution are established, yielding
a set of global conservation laws for reversible or irreversible processes. As
examples, a comparison of the evolution of Topological Torsion and Topological
Action is made for hydrodynamic and electromagnetic systems. The relationship
between the evolution of Topological Torsion and a thermodynamically
irreversible process is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129067 </DOCNO>
Plasma Ejections from a Light Bridge in a Sunspot Umbra


  We present conspicuous activities of plasma ejections along a light bridge of
a stable and mature sunspot in NOAA 8971 on 2000 May 02. We found the ejections
both in the H-alpha (10^4 K) images obtained with the Domeless Solar Telescope
(DST) at Hida Observatory, and in the 171 A (Fe IX/X, ~10^6 K) images obtained
with the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE). Main characteristics
of the ejections are as follows: (1)Ejections occur intermittently and
recurrently, (2)The velocities and the timings of the 171 A-ejections are the
same as those of H-alpha ejections, (3)The appearance of ejections are
different from one another, i.e. the H-alpha ejections have jet-like
appearance, while that of 171 A-ejections is like a loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6170 </DOCNO>
Spin-orbit coupling and ESR theory for carbon nanotubes


  A theoretical description of ESR in 1D interacting metals is given, with
primary emphasis on carbon nanotubes. The spin-orbit coupling is derived, and
the resulting ESR spectrum is analyzed by field theory and exact
diagonalization. Drastic differences in the ESR spectra of single-wall and
multi-wall nanotubes are found. For single-wall tubes, the predicted double
peak spectrum could reveal spin-charge separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3573 </DOCNO>
Microscopic foundations of the Rayleigh law of hysteresis


  The hysteresis properties of ferromagnetic materials at low field are
described by the Rayleigh law. We analyze the problem in light of modern
statistical mechanics models of hysteresis. In particular, we compute the
demagnetization curve and derive the Rayleigh parameters a and b in the
random-field Ising model and in a model of domain wall depinning. In the
random-field Ising model the Rayleigh law is obeyed only in the disorder
dominated phase, while in the low disorder phase it is not possible to
demagnetize the sample. This approach allows us to link a and b to
microstructural parameters, such as the domain wall energy, the internal
disorder or the exchange interactions. Finally, our results are compared with
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74612 </DOCNO>
Two-Photon Processes at Intermediate Energies


  Exclusive hadron production processes in photon-photon collisions provide
important tests of QCD at the amplitude level, particularly as measures of
hadron distribution amplitudes and skewed parton distributions. The
determination of the shape and normalization of the distribution amplitudes has
become particularly important in view of their importance in the analysis of
exclusive semi-leptonic and two-body hadronic B-decays. Interesting two-photon
physics, including doubly-tagged $\gamma^* \gamma^*$ reactions, will be
accessible at low energy, high luminosity $e^+ e^-$ colliders, including
measurements of channels important in the light-by-light contribution to the
muon $g$--2 and the study of the transition between threshold production
controlled by low-energy effective chiral theories and the domain where
leading-twist perturbative QCD becomes applicable. The threshold regime of
hadron production in photon-photon and $e^+ e^-$ annihilation, where hadrons
are formed at small relative velocity, is particularly interesting as a test of
low energy theorems, soliton models, and new types of resonance production.
Such studies will be particularly valuable in double-tagged reactions where
polarization correlations, as well as the photon virtuality dependence, can be
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72615 </DOCNO>
Direct photons: a nonequilibrium signal of the expanding quark-gluon


  Direct photon production from a longitudinally expanding quark-gluon plasma
(QGP) at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
energies is studied with a real-time kinetic description that is consistently
incorporated with hydrodynamics. Within Bjorken's hydrodynamical model, energy
nonconserving (anti)quark bremsstrahlung q(\bar{q})\to q(\bar{q})\gamma and
quark-antiquark annihilation q\bar{q}\to \gamma are shown to be the dominant
nonequilibrium effects during the transient lifetime of the QGP. For central
collisions we find a significant excess of direct photons in the range of
transverse momentum 1-2 \lesssim p_T \lesssim 5 GeV/c as compared to
equilibrium results. The photon rapidity distribution exhibits a central
plateau. The transverse momentum distribution at midrapidity falls off with a
{\em power law} p^{-\nu}_T with 2.5 \lesssim \nu \lesssim 3 as a consequence of
these energy nonconserving processes, providing a distinct experimental {\em
nonequilibrium signature}. The power law exponent \nu increases with the
initial temperature of the QGP and hence with the total multiplicity rapidity
distribution dN_\pi/dy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113597 </DOCNO>
Energy dissipation and scattering angle distribution analysis of the


  We present classical trajectory calculations of the rotational vibrational
scattering of a non-rigid methane molecule from a Ni(111) surface. Energy
dissipation and scattering angles have been studied as a function of the
translational kinetic energy, the incidence angle, the (rotational) nozzle
temperature, and the surface temperature. Scattering angles are somewhat
towards the surface for the incidence angles of 30, 45, and 60 degree at a
translational energy of 96 kJ/mol. Energy loss is primarily from the normal
component of the translational energy. It is transfered for somewhat more than
half to the surface and the rest is transfered mostly to rotational motion. The
spread in the change of translational energy has a basis in the spread of the
transfer to rotational energy, and can be enhanced by raising of the surface
temperature through the transfer process to the surface motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76035 </DOCNO>
Predictions for the unitarity triangle angles in a new parametrization


  A new approach to the parametrization of the CKM matrix, $V$, is considered
in which $V$ is written as a linear combination of the unit matrix $I$ and a
non-diagonal matrix $U$ which causes intergenerational-mixing, that is
$V=\cos\theta I+i\sin\theta U$. Such a $V$ depends on 3 real parameters
including the parameter $\theta$. It is interesting that a value of
$\theta=\pi/4$ is required to fit the available data on the CKM-matrix
including CP-violation. Predictions of this fit for the angles $\alpha$,
$\beta$ and $\gamma$ for the unitarity triangle corresponding to
$V_{11}V^*_{13} + V_{21} V^*_{23} +V_{31}V^*_{33} =0$, are given. For
$\theta$=$\pi/4$, we obtain $\alpha=88.46^\circ$, $\beta=45.046^\circ$ and
$\gamma=46.5^\circ$. These values are just about in agreement, within errors,
with the present data. It is very interesting that the unitarity triangle is
expected to be approximately a right-angled, isosceles triangle. Our prediction
$\sin 2\beta = 1$ is in excellent agreement with the value $0.99\pm 0.15\pm
0.05$ reported by the Belle collaboration at the Lepton-Photon 2001 meeting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125179 </DOCNO>
FUSE Detection of Diffuse Galactic O VI Emission toward the Coma and


  We report the detection of diffuse O VI 1032, 1038 A emission in a 29-ksec
observation centered on the Coma Cluster (l = 57.6, b = +88.0) and an 11-ksec
observation toward Virgo (l = 284.2, b = +74.5) through the low-resolution
(30"x30") aperture of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). The
emission lines have a redshift near zero and are thus produced by gas in our
own Galaxy. Observed surface brightnesses are 2000 +/- 600 photons/cm2/s/sr for
each of the O VI components in the Coma spectrum and 2900 +/- 700 and 1700 +/-
700 photons/cm2/s/sr for the 1032 and 1038 A lines, respectively, toward Virgo.
These features are similar in strength to those recently observed in the
southern Galactic hemisphere (l = 315.0, b =-41.3) in an ~ 200 ksec FUSE
observation. From a FUSE spectrum of M87, we find that N(O VI) toward Virgo is
(1.4 +/- 0.8) x 10^14 cm^{-2}. By combining emission- and absorption-line data
for this sight line, we estimate the physical parameters of the emitting gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81478 </DOCNO>
Bayesian curve fitting for lattice gauge theorists


  A new method of extracting the low-lying energy spectrum from Monte Carlo
estimates of Euclidean-space correlation functions which incorporates Bayesian
inference is described and tested. The procedure fully exploits the information
present in the correlation functions at small temporal separations and uses
this information in a way consistent with fundamental probabilistic hypotheses.
The computed errors on the best-fit energies include both statistical
uncertainties and systematic errors associated with the treatment of
contamination from higher-lying stationary states. Difficulties in performing
the integrals needed to compute these error estimates are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148798 </DOCNO>
Supergravity duals of gauge field theories from SU(2) x U(1) gauged


  We study the SO(4)-symmetric solution of the five-dimensional SU(2) x U(1)
gauged N=4 supergravity theory obtained in [hep-th/0101202]. This solution
contains purely magnetic non-Abelian and electric Abelian fields. It can be
interpreted as a reduction of seven-dimensional gauged supergravity on a torus,
which comes from type IIB supergravity on S^3. We also show how to obtain that
solution from six-dimensional Romans' theory on a circle. We then up-lift the
solution to massless type IIA supergravity. The dual gauge field theory is
twisted and is defined on the worldvolume of a NS-fivebrane wrapped on S^3. Two
other spatial directions of the NS-fivebrane are on a torus. In the IR limit it
corresponds to a three-dimensional gauge field theory with two supercharges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124525 </DOCNO>
QSO host galaxy star formation history from multicolour data


  We investigate multicolour imaging data of a complete sample of low redshift
(z<0.2) QSO host galaxies. The sample was imaged in four optical (BVRi) and
three near-infrared bands (JHKs), and in addition spectroscopic data is
available for a majority of the objects.
  We extract host luminosities for all bands by means of two-dimensional
modeling of galaxy and nucleus. Optical and optical-to-NIR colours agree well
with the average colours of inactive early type galaxies. The six independent
colours are used to fit population synthesis models. We assess the presence of
young populations in the hosts for which evidence shows to be very weak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 687 </DOCNO>
Stripes, Vibrations and Superconductivity


  We propose a model of a spatially modulated collective charge state of
superconducting cuprates. The regions of higher carrier density (stripes) are
described in terms of Luttinger liquids and the regions of lower density as a
two-dimensional interacting bosonic gas of d_{x^2-y^2} hole pairs. The
interactions among the elementary excitations are repulsive and the transition
to the superconducting state is driven by decay processes. Vibrations of the
CCS and the lattice, although not participating directly in the binding
mechanism, are fundamental for superconductivity. The superfluid density and
the lattice have a strong tendency to modulation implying a still unobserved
dimerized stripe phase in cuprates. The phase diagram of the model has a
crossover from 1D to 2D behavior and a pseudogap region where the amplitude of
the order parameters are finite but phase coherence is not established. We
discuss the nature of the spin fluctuations and the unusual isotope effect
within the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77118 </DOCNO>
Spin effects within the instanton model


  Nonperturbative nolocal structure of QCD vacuum is well described by
instanton model. Specific helicity and flavor structure of zero modes of quarks
in instanton field allows simultaneously to explain some important features of
low- and high- energy hadron phenomemology. The basic characteristics of hadron
spectrum, partonic sum rules, heavy-quark potential are briefly discussed
within the instanton liquid model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73533 </DOCNO>
Quark-Hadron Duality in Structure Functions


  While quark-hadron duality is well-established experimentally, the current
theoretical understanding of this important phenomenon is quite limited. To
expose the essential features of the dynamics behind duality, we use a simple
model in which the hadronic spectrum is dominated by narrow resonances made of
valence quarks. We qualitatively reproduce the features of duality as seen in
electron scattering data within our model. We show that in order to observe
duality, it is essential to use the appropriate scaling variable and scaling
function. In addition to its great intrinsic interest in connecting the
quark-gluon and hadronic pictures, an understanding of quark-hadron duality
could lead to important benefits in extending the applicability of scaling into
previously inaccessible regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73759 </DOCNO>
Electroweak radiative corrections in high energy processes


  Experiments at future colliders will attempt to unveil the origin of
electroweak symmetry breaking in the TeV range. At these energies the Standard
Model (SM) predictions have to be known precisely in order to disentangle
various viable scenarios such as supersymmetry and its manifestations. In
particular, large logarithmic corrections of the scale ratio $\sqrt{s}/M$,
where $M$ denotes the gauge boson masses, contribute significantly up to and
including the two loop level.
  In this paper we review recent progress in the theoretical understanding of
the electroweak Sudakov corrections at high energies up to subleading accuracy.
We discuss the symmetric part of the SM Lagrangian at high energies yielding
the effective theory employed in the framework of the infrared evolution
equation (IREE) method. Applications are presented for important processes
relevant for the physics program of future linear colliders including higher
order purely electroweak angular dependent corrections.
  The size of the higher order subleading electroweak corrections is found to
change cross sections in the several percent regime at TeV energies and their
inclusion is thus mandatory for predictions of high energy processes at future
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124707 </DOCNO>
The Clustering of AGN and Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift


  Galaxies in the environments of 69 0.2<z<0.7 UBR selected AGN have been
imaged to Bj~23.5. By applying photometric redshifts and color selection
criteria to the galaxy catalogue, the AGN-galaxy cross-correlation function has
been measured as a function of galaxy type. The spatial cross-correlation of
AGN with red (early-type) galaxies is comparable to the autocorrelation
function of elliptical galaxies at low redshift. In contrast, the
cross-correlation of AGN with blue (late-type) galaxies is weak and has been
detected with low significance. As blue galaxies dominate Bj~23.5 galaxy
catalogues, the cross-correlation of UBR selected AGN with all galaxies is weak
at intermediate redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87070 </DOCNO>
Linearized Analysis of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati Brane Model


  We solve the Einstein equations in the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model with a
static, spherically symmetric matter distribution on the physical brane and
obtain an exact expression for the gravitational field outside the source to
the first order in the gravitational coupling. Although when confined on the
physical brane this expression reproduces the correct 4D Newtonian potential
for distances r_s << r << {\lambda}, where {\lambda} is a characteristic length
scale of the model, it does not coincide with the standard linearized form of
the 4D Schwarzschild metric. The solution reproduces the 5D Schwarzschild
metric in the linearized approximation for r >> {\lambda}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7414 </DOCNO>
Conformal Orbifold Partition Functions from Topologically Massive Gauge


  We continue the development of the topological membrane approach to open and
unoriented string theories. We study orbifolds of topologically massive gauge
theory defined on the geometry $[0,1]\times\Sigma$, where $\Sigma$ is a generic
compact Riemann surface. The orbifold operations are constructed by gauging the
discrete symmetries of the bulk three-dimensional field theory. Multi-loop
bosonic string vacuum amplitudes are thereby computed as bulk correlation
functions of the gauge theory. It is shown that the three-dimensional
correlators naturally reproduce twisted and untwisted sectors in the case of
closed worldsheet orbifolds, and Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions in
the case of open ones. The bulk wavefunctions are used to explicitly construct
the characters of the underlying extended Kac-Moody group for arbitrary genus.
The correlators for both the original theory and its orbifolds give the
expected modular invariant statistical sums over the characters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73226 </DOCNO>
Scalar scenarios contributing to (g-2)_mu with enhanced Yukawa couplings


  In this work we address contributions from scalars to (g-2)_\mu. In order to
explain the recently measured deviation by the BNL experiment on (g-2)_\mu, it
is necessary that these scalars are either light or couple strongly with muons.
Here we explore this last possibility. We show that a scalar with mass of the
order of 10^2 GeV provides significant contribution to (g-2)_\mu if the Yukawa
coupling is about 10^{-1}. We suggest scenarios where this comes about
naturally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5209 </DOCNO>
Low Momentum Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction and Fermi Liquid Theory


  We use the induced interaction of Babu and Brown to derive two novel
relations between the quasiparticle interaction in nuclear matter and the
unique low momentum nucleon-nucleon interaction V_low k in vacuum. These
relations provide two independent constraints on the Fermi liquid parameters of
nuclear matter. We derive the full renormalization group equations in the
particle-hole channels from the induced interaction. The new constraints,
together with the Pauli principle sum rules, define four combinations of Fermi
liquid parameters that are invariant under the renormalization group flow.
Using empirical values for the spin-independent Fermi liquid parameters, we are
able to compute the major spin-dependent ones by imposing the new constraints
and the Pauli principle sum rules. The effects of tensor forces are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2183 </DOCNO>
Crystallization of the ordered vortex phase in high temperature


  The Landau-Khalatnikov time-dependent equation is applied to describe the
crystallization process of the ordered vortex lattice in high temperature
superconductors after a sudden application of a magnetic field. Dynamic
coexistence of a stable ordered phase and an unstable disordered phase, with a
sharp interface between them, is demonstrated. The transformation to the
equilibrium ordered state proceeds by movement of this interface from the
sample center toward its edge. The theoretical analysis dictates specific
conditions for the creation of a propagating interface, and provides the time
scale for this process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7368 </DOCNO>
Shape fluctuations of a Deforamable Body in a Randomly Stirred Host


  Consider a deformable body immersed in an incompressible fluid that is
randomly stirred. Sticking to physical situations in which the body departs
only slightly from its spherical shape, we investigate the deformations of the
body. The shape is decomposed into spherical harmonic modes. We study the
correlations of these modes for a general class of random flows that include
the flow due to thermal agitation. Our results are general in the sense that
they are applicable to any body that is described solely by the shape of its
surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75208 </DOCNO>
Anomalies and Fermion Content of Grand Unified Theories in Extra


  The restrictions imposed by anomaly cancellation on the chiral fermion
content of nonsupersymmetric gauge theories based on various groups are studied
in spacetime dimension D=6, 8, and 10. In particular, we show that the only
mathematically consistent chiral SU(5) theory in D=6 contains three
nonidentical generations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5378 </DOCNO>
Electron and hole states in quantum-dot quantum wells within a spherical


  In order to study heterostructures composed both of materials with strongly
different parameters and of materials with narrow band gaps, we have developed
an approach, which combines the spherical 8-band effective-mass Hamiltonian and
the Burt's envelope function representation. Using this method, electron and
hole states are calculated in CdS/HgS/CdS/H_2O and CdTe/HgTe/CdTe/H_2O
quantum-dot quantum-well heterostructures. Radial components of the wave
functions of the lowest S and P electron and hole states in typical quantum-dot
quantum wells (QDQWs) are presented as a function of radius. The 6-band-hole
components of the radial wave functions of an electron in the 8-band model have
amplitudes comparable with the amplitude of the corresponding 2-band-electron
component. This is a consequence of the coupling between the conduction and
valence bands, which gives a strong nonparabolicity of the conduction band. At
the same time, the 2-band-electron component of the radial wave functions of a
hole in the 8-band model is small compared with the amplitudes of the
corresponding 6-band-hole components. It is shown that in the CdS/HgS/CdS/H_2O
QDQW holes in the lowest states are strongly localized in the well region
(HgS). On the contrary, electrons in this QDQW and both electron and holes in
the CdTe/HgTe/CdTe/H_2O QDQW are distributed through the entire dot. The
importance of the developed theory for QDQWs is proven by the fact that in
contrast to our rigorous 8-band model, there appear spurious states within the
commonly used symmetrized 8-band model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81306 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative tuning of $O(a^2)$ improved staggered fermions


  We perform a nonperturbative tuning of the coefficients in the $O(a^2)$
improved action for staggered fermions. The mass splitting for the pions of
different doubler flavor is used as a measure of the symmetry breaking effects
introduced by $O(a^2)$ discretization errors. We find that the flavor
nondegeneracy can be somewhat reduced but not eliminated by such a tuning,
indicating the need for new terms in the action to reduce the nondegeneracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76236 </DOCNO>
Quasirotational Disturbances of Linear String Baryon Configuration


  For the linear string baryon model $q$-$q$-$q$ the small disturbances of its
rotational motion (quasirotational states) are investigated. The spectrum of
these states is obtained in the form of Fourier series and the complex
eigenfrequencies are found in this spectrum. So the classic rotational motions
of the linear string baryon model are unstable (unlike the similar motions for
the string with massive ends). This instability differs from its analog for the
three-string baryon model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128741 </DOCNO>
VLA detection of OH absorption from the elliptical galaxy NGC 1052


  VLA observations of OH absorption towards the elliptical galaxy NGC 1052 are
presented. Both OH lines, at 1665 and 1667 MHz, were detected in absorption
towards the center of NGC 1052. The hyperfine ratio of the two OH lines
($\tau$$_{1667}$/$\tau$$_{1665}$) is 2.6$\pm$0.8 as compared to 1.8 expected
for the excitation under LTE conditions for an optically thin cloud. The column
density of OH is estimated to be $2.73(\pm0.26)\times10^{14} cm^{-2}$ assuming
$T_{ex} \sim$10 K. The centers of both the OH lines are redshifted from the
systemic velocity of the galaxy by $\sim$173 km s$^{-1}$. The velocity of OH
line coincides with the velocity corresponding to the strongest HI absorption.
We suggest that OH absorption is arising from a molecular cloud falling towards
the nucleus. The OH line, though narrower, is found to be within the much
broader and smoother H$_2$O megamaser emission. The possible link between OH/HI
and $H_2O$ emission is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74563 </DOCNO>
Model-dependent and independent implications of the first Sudbury


  We briefly discuss some implications of the first solar \nu results from the
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) experiment in the charged-current channel.
We first show that the present SNO response function is very similar to the
Super-Kamiokande (SK) one above 8.6 MeV in kinetic electron energy. On the
basis of such equivalence we confirm, in a completely model-independent way,
the SNO evidence for an active, non-electron neutrino component in the SK event
sample, with a significance greater than 3 sigma. Then, by assuming no
oscillations into sterile neutrinos, we combine the SK+SNO data to derive
allowed regions for two free parameters: (i) the ratio f_B of the true B \nu
flux from the Sun to the corresponding value predicted by the standard solar
model (SSM), and (ii) the \nu_e survival probability <Pee>, averaged over the
common SK and SNO response function. We obtain the separate 3sigma ranges:
f_B=1.03^{+0.50}_{-0.58} (in agreement with the SSM central value, f_B=1) and
<Pee> =0.34^{+0.61}_{-0.18} (in >3sigma disagreement with the standard
electroweak model prediction, <Pee>=1, with strong anticorrelation between the
two parameters. Finally, by taking f_B and its uncertainties as predicted by
the SSM, we perform an updated analysis of the $2\nu$ active neutrino
oscillation parameters (\delta m^2,\tan^2\omega) including all the solar \nu
data, as well as the spectral data from the CHOOZ reactor experiment. We find
that only the solutions at \tan^2\omega~O(1) survive at the 3sigma level in the
global fit, with a preference for the one at high \delta m^2---the so-called
large mixing angle solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86155 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariant perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes in


  We derive a geometrical version of the Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations,
which allows us to study gravitational perturbations on an arbitrary
spherically symmetric slicing of a Schwarzschild black hole. We explain how to
obtain the gauge-invariant part of the metric perturbations from the amplitudes
obeying our generalized Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations and vice-versa. We
also give a general expression for the radiated energy at infinity, and
establish the relation between our geometrical equations and the Teukolsky
formalism. The results presented in this paper are expected to be useful for
the close-limit approximation to black hole collisions, for the Cauchy
perturbative matching problem, and for the study of isolated horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85805 </DOCNO>
Runge-Lenz operator for Dirac field in Taub-NUT background


  Fermions in D=4 self-dual Euclidean Taub-NUT space are investigated.
Dirac-type operators involving Killing-Yano tensors of the Taub-NUT geometry
are explicitly given showing that they anticommute with the standard Dirac
operator and commute with the Hamiltonian as it is expected. They are connected
with the hidden symmetries of the space allowing the construction of a
conserved vector operator analogous to the Runge-Lenz vector of the Kepler
problem. This operator is written down pointing out its algebraic properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5095 </DOCNO>
Resampling methods for document clustering


  We compare the performance of different clustering algorithms applied to the
task of unsupervised text categorization. We consider agglomerative clustering
algorithms, principal direction divisive partitioning and (for the first time)
superparamagnetic clustering with several distance measures. The algorithms
have been applied to test databases extracted from the Reuters-21578 text
categorization test database. We find that simple application of the different
clustering algorithms yields clustering solutions of comparable quality. In
order to achieve considerable improvements of the clustering results it is
crucial to reduce the dictionary of words considered in the representation of
the documents. Significant improvements of the quality of the clustering can be
obtained by identifying discriminative words and filtering out indiscriminative
words from the dictionary. We present two methods, each based on a resampling
scheme, for selecting discriminative words in an unsupervised way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96118 </DOCNO>
Irreducible components of varieties of modules


  We prove some basic results about irreducible components of varieties of
modules for an arbitrary finitely generated associative algebra. Our work
generalizes results of Kac and Schofield on representations of quivers, but our
methods are quite different, being based on deformation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96126 </DOCNO>
Weakly regular Floquet Hamiltonians with pure point spectrum


  We study the Floquet Hamiltonian: -i omega d/dt + H + V(t) as depending on
the parameter omega. We assume that the spectrum of H is discrete, {h_m (m =
1..infinity)}, with h_m of multiplicity M_m. and that V is an Hermitian
operator, 2pi-periodic in t. Let J > 0 and set Omega_0 = [8J/9,9J/8]. Suppose
that for some sigma > 0: sum_{m,n such that h_m > h_n} mu_{mn}(h_m -
h_n)^(-sigma) < infinity where mu_{mn} = sqrt(min{M_m,M_n)) M_m M_n. We show
that in that case there exist a suitable norm to measure the regularity of V,
denoted epsilon, and positive constants, epsilon_* & delta_*, such that: if
epsilon < epsilon_* then there exists a measurable subset |Omega_infinity| >
|Omega_0| - delta_* epsilon and the Floquet Hamiltonian has a pure point
spectrum for all omega in Omega_infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2100 </DOCNO>
On the coherence of Expected Shortfall


  Expected Shortfall (ES) in several variants has been proposed as remedy for
the defi-ciencies of Value-at-Risk (VaR) which in general is not a coherent
risk measure. In fact, most definitions of ES lead to the same results when
applied to continuous loss distributions. Differences may appear when the
underlying loss distributions have discontinuities. In this case even the
coherence property of ES can get lost unless one took care of the details in
its definition. We compare some of the definitions of Expected Shortfall,
pointing out that there is one which is robust in the sense of yielding a
coherent risk measure regardless of the underlying distributions. Moreover,
this Expected Shortfall can be estimated effectively even in cases where the
usual estimators for VaR fail. Key words: Expected Shortfall; Risk measure;
worst conditional expectation; tail con-ditional expectation; value-at-risk
(VaR); conditional value-at-risk (CVaR); tail mean; co-herence; quantile;
sub-additivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4549 </DOCNO>
The quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Sierpinski Gasket: An


  We present an exact diagonalization study of the quantum Heisenberg
antiferromagnet on the fractal Sierpinski gasket for spin quantum numbers
s=1/2,s=1 and s=3/2. Since the fractal dimension of the Sierpinski gasket is
between one and two we compare the results with corresponding data of one- and
two-dimensional systems. By analyzing the ground-state energy, the low-lying
spectrum, the spin-spin correlation and the low-temperature thermodynamics we
find arguments, that the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Sierpinski gasket is
probably disordered not only in the extreme quantum case s=1/2 but also for s=1
and s=3/2. Moreover, in contrast to the one-dimensional chain we do not find a
distinct behavior between the half-integer and integer-spin Heisenberg models
on the Sierpinski gasket. We conclude that magnetic disorder may appear due to
the interplay of frustration and strong quantum fluctuations in this spin
system with spatial dimension between one and two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97054 </DOCNO>
Calculating limits and colimits in pro-categories


  We present some constructions of limits and colimits in pro-categories. These
are critical tools in several applications. In particular, certain technical
arguments concerning strict pro-maps are essential for a theorem about \'etale
homotopy types. Also, we show that cofiltered limits in pro-categories commute
with finite colimits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149102 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics and rotating frames


  We study the effect of noncommutativity of space on the physics of a quantum
interferometer located in a rotating disk in a gauge field background. To this
end, we develop a path-integral approach which allows defining an effective
action from which relevant physical quantities can be computed as in the usual
commutative case. For the specific case of a constant magnetic field, we are
able to compute, exactly, the noncommutative Lagrangian and the associated
shift on the interference pattern for any value of $\theta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113368 </DOCNO>
Kinetics of solubilization with Triton X-100 of egg-yolk lecithin


  The titration solubilization of multilamellar egg-yolk lecithin liposomes
(MLV-EYL) with Triton X-100 was studied by rectangular optical diffusimetric
measurements as a function of cholesterol (Chol) concentration. It was
determinated the variation of optic percentage diffu-sion (per mmol
surfactant), DDif%/mmol TX-100, in the course of solubilization of MLV-EYL-Chol
system with TX-100 10mM. The statistical analysis of the titration curves can
reveal the contribution of cholesterol to the stability of phospholipid bilayer
membranes. The solubilization of the lecithin-cholesterol mixtures, with a high
cholesterol content, much more bile salt requires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7248 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Analysis of Extended Dynamical Mean Field Equations


  The extended Dynamical Mean Field Equations (EDMFT) are analyzed using
semiclassical methods for a model describing an interacting fermi-bose system.
We compare the semiclassical approach with the exact QMC (Quantum Montecarlo)
method. We found the transition to an ordered state to be of the first order
for any dimension below four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41098 </DOCNO>
Study of B0_s anti-B0_s oscillations and B0_s lifetimes using hadronic


  Oscillations of B0s mesons have been studied in samples selected from about
3.5 million hadronic Z decays detected by DELPHI between 1992 and 1995. One
analysis uses events in the exclusive decay channels: B0s -> Ds- pi+ or Ds- a1+
and B0s -> anti-D0 K- pi+ or anti-D0 K- a1+, where the D decays are completely
reconstructed. In addition, B0s anti-B0s oscillations have been studied in
events with an exclusively reconstructed Ds accompanied in the same hemisphere
by a high momentum hadron of opposite charge. Combining the two analyses, a
limit on the mass difference between the physical B0s states has been obtained:
  Delta(m_B0s) > 4.0 ps^{-1} at the 95% C.L.
with a sensitivity of Delta(m_B0s) = 3.2 ps^{-1}.
Using the latter sample of events, the B0s lifetime has been measured and an
upper limit on the decay width difference between the two physical B0s states
has been obtained:
  tau(B0s) = 1.53^{+0.16}_{-0.15}(stat.) +/- {0.07}(syst.) ps
  \Delta\Gamma(B0s)/\Gamma(B0s) < 0.69 at the 95% C.L.
  The combination of these results with those obtained using Ds+- lepton-+
sample gives:
  Delta(m_B0s) > 4.9 ps^{-1} at the 95% C.L.
  with a sensitivity of Delta(m_B0s) = 8.7 ps^{-1}.
  tau(B0s) = 1.46 +/- 0.11 ps and \Delta\Gamma(B0s)/\Gamma(B0s) < 0.45 at the
95% C.L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123357 </DOCNO>
The effects of anti-correlation on gravitational clustering


  We use non-linear scaling relations (NSRs) to investigate the effects arising
from the existence of negative correlations on the evolution of gravitational
clustering in an expanding universe. It turns out that such anti-correlated
regions have important dynamical effects on {\it all} scales. In particular,
the mere existence of negative values for the linear two-point correlation
function $\xib_L$ over some range of scales starting from $l = L_o$, implies
that the non-linear correlation function is bounded from above at {\it all}
scales $x < L_o$. This also results in the relation $\xib \propto x^{-3}$, at
these scales, at late times, independent of the original form of the
correlation function. Current observations do not rule out the existence of
negative $\xib$ for $ 200 h^{-1}$ Mpc $\la \xib \la 1000 h^{-1}$ Mpc; the
present work may thus have relevance for the real Universe. The only assumption
made in the analysis is the {\it existence} of the NSR; the results are
independent of the form of the NSR as well as of the stable clustering
hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75195 </DOCNO>
A Note on One Loop Electroweak Contributions to g-2: a Companion to


  In this note we present general expressions at one loop order that can be
used to calculate the contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of
fundamental, charged Dirac fermions. In particular, we provide the expressions
for charged and neutral scalar and charged and neutral gauge boson
contributions with general vector and axial couplings to the fermion of
interest. The calculations presented in this note were originally derived for
use in the author's letter, hep-ph/0108080. We have chosen to document and make
available the results and derivations in the hope that they will also be useful
to others. Our expressions reproduce the Standard Model electroweak
contributions to a_muon in the appropriate mass limits, and are flexible enough
to allow us to handle many scenarios of new physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169291 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Quantum Measurements of a Continuously-Varying Phase


  We analyze the problem of quantum-limited estimation of a stochastically
varying phase of a continuous beam (rather than a pulse) of the electromagnetic
field. We consider both non-adaptive and adaptive measurements, and both dyne
detection (using a local oscillator) and interferometric detection. We take the
phase variation to be \dot\phi = \sqrt{\kappa}\xi(t), where \xi(t) is
\delta-correlated Gaussian noise. For a beam of power P, the important
dimensionless parameter is N=P/\hbar\omega\kappa, the number of photons per
coherence time. For the case of dyne detection, both continuous-wave (CW)
coherent beams and CW (broad-band) squeezed beams are considered. For a
coherent beam a simple feedback scheme gives good results, with a phase
variance \simeq N^{-1/2}/2. This is \sqrt{2} times smaller than that achievable
by nonadaptive (heterodyne) detection. For a squeezed beam a more accurate
feedback scheme gives a variance scaling as N^{-2/3}, compared to N^{-1/2} for
heterodyne detection. For the case of interferometry only a coherent input into
one port is considered. The locally optimal feedback scheme is identified, and
it is shown to give a variance scaling as N^{-1/2}. It offers a significant
improvement over nonadaptive interferometry only for N of order unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73525 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative vacuum and condensates in QCD below thermal phase


  Thermodynamic properties of the QCD nonperturbative vacuum with two light
quarks are studied. It is shown that at low temperatures T<M_\pi relativistic
massive pions can be treated within the dilute gas approximation. Analytic
temperature dependence of the quark condensate is found in perfect agreement
with the numerical calculations obtained at the three-loop level of the chiral
perturbation theory with non-zero quark mass. The gluon condensate slightly
varies with the increase of the temperature. It is shown that the temperature
derivatives of the anomalous and normal (quark massive term) contributions to
the trace of the energy-momentum tensor in QCD are equal to each other in the
low temperature region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129663 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared Galaxies in the Far-Ultraviolet


  In an effort to better understand the UV properties of ultraluminous infrared
galaxies (ULIGs), and compare them to the rest-frame UV properties of high
redshift sub-mm and Lyman-break galaxies, we have obtained far- and near-UV
imaging observations (lambda_{eff}=1457\AA, lambda_{eff}=2364\AA, respectively)
of two luminous infrared galaxies (LIGs--VV 114 and IC 883) and five ULIGs
(IRAS 08572+3915, Mrk 273, IRAS 15250+3609, Arp 220, and IRAS 19254--7245)
using the Hubble Space Telescope. All the galaxies were detected in both
channels. UV light, both diffuse and from star clusters, can be traced to
within the inner kpc of the dominant near-IR nuclei. However, in general, the
brightest UV sources are clearly displaced from the $I$-band and near-IR peaks
by at least hundreds of pc. Further, only 0.07%-7.3% of the total near-UV light
is projected within the inner 500 pc radius, even though this is the same
region wherein most of the bolometric energy is generated. All nuclei are
highly obscured by dust. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72595 </DOCNO>
The Three Neutrino Scenario


  I have discussed in my talk several remaining issues in the standard
three-flavor mixing scheme of neutrinos, in particilar, the sign of $\Delta
m^2_{13}$ and the leptonic CP violating phase. In this report I focus on two
topics: (1) supernova method for determining the former sign, and (2)
illuminating how one can detect the signatures for both of them in
long-baseline ($\gsim 10$ km) neutrino oscillation experiments. I do this by
formulating perturbative frameworks appropriate for the two typical options of
such experiments, the high energy and the low energy options with beam energies
of $\sim$ 10 GeV and $\sim$ 100 MeV, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96394 </DOCNO>
Stationarity-conservation laws for certain linear fractional


  The Leibniz rule for fractional Riemann-Liouville derivative is studied in
algebra of functions defined by Laplace convolution. This algebra and the
derived Leibniz rule are used in construction of explicit form of
stationary-conserved currents for linear fractional differential equations. The
examples of the fractional diffusion in 1+1 and the fractional diffusion in d+1
dimensions are discussed in detail. The results are generalized to the mixed
fractional-differential and mixed sequential fractional-differential systems
for which the stationarity-conservation laws are obtained. The derived currents
are used in construction of stationary nonlocal charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2103 </DOCNO>
Exact Mean-Field Solutions of the Asymmetric Random Average Process


  We consider the asymmetric random average process (ARAP) with continuous mass
variables and parallel discrete time dynamics studied recently by Krug/Garcia
and Rajesh/Majumdar [both Jrl. Stat. Phys. 99 (2000)]. The model is defined by
an arbitrary state-independent fraction density function $\phi(r)$ with support
on the unit interval. We examine the exactness of mean-field steady-state mass
distributions in dependence of $\phi$ and identify as a conjecture based on
high order calculations the class $\mathcal{M}$ of density functions yielding
product measure solutions. Additionally the exact form of the associated mass
distributions P(m) is derived. Using these results we show examplary the
exactness of the mean-field ansatz for monomial fraction densities
$\phi(r)=(n-1) r^{n-2}$ with $n \geq 2$. For verification we calculate the mass
distributions P(m) explicitly and prove directly that product measure holds.
Furthermore we show that even in cases where the steady state is not given by a
product measure very accurate approximants can be found in the class
$\mathcal{M}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41444 </DOCNO>
Hadron structure and the limitations of phenomenological models in


  The description of electromagnetic reactions at intermediate energies, such
as pion electroproduction or (virtual) Compton scattering, traditionally starts
from covariant tree-level Feynman diagrams (Born or pole terms). Internal
hadron structure is included by means of (on-shell) form factors in the
vertices while free propagators are used. To overcome problems with gauge
invariance, simple prescriptions such as choosing $F_1^V (q^2) = F_{\pi} (q^2)$
in pion electroproduction or the ``minimal substitution'' are used. We discuss
the limitations of such approaches by comparing to the most general structure
of electromagnetic vertices and propagators for pions and nucleons. The recipes
to enforce gauge invariance are critically examined and contrasted with the
exact treatment. The interplay between off-shell effects and irreducible
``contact'' terms is demonstrated for real Compton scattering on a pion. The
need for a consistent microscopic treatment of reaction amplitudes is stressed.
Shortcomings of minimal substitution are illustrated through an example in the
framework of chiral perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3787 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear conductivity of diffusive normal-metal contacts


  Metal microbridges with a high impurity content and shorter than the energy
relaxation length are considered. Their conductance is calculated with
allowance made for the Coulomb electron-electron interaction. It is shown that
nonequilibrium electrons in the microbridges gives rise to a nonlinear
current-voltage characteristic (published in Physics Letters A, 1994).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126073 </DOCNO>
The REFLEX Galaxy Cluster Survey IV: The X-ray Luminosity Function


  The X-ray galaxy cluster sample from the REFLEX Cluster Survey, which covers
the X-ray brightest galaxy clusters detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey in the
southern sky, is used to construct the X-ray luminosity function of clusters in
the local Universe. With 452 clusters detected above an X-ray flux-limit of 3
10^(-12) erg s^(-1) cm^(-2) in 4.24 sr of the sky, this sample is the most
comprehensive X-ray cluster sample with a well documented selection function,
providing the best current census of the local X-ray galaxy cluster population.
In this paper we discuss the construction of the luminosity function, the
effects of flux measurement errors and of variations with sample region and we
compare the results to those from previous surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3661 </DOCNO>
Convective Instability of Magnetized Ferrofluids: Influence of


  Convective instability in a ferrofluid layer heated from below or from above
in the presence of a uniform vertical magnetic field is investigated
theoretically. Convection is caused by a magnetic mechanism based on the
temperature and concentration dependence of magnetization. An imposed
temperature gradient establishes (by the Soret effect) a concentration gradient
of magnetic particles of which the ferrofluid is composed. Both these gradients
cause a spatial variation in magnetization, which induces a gradient of
magnetic field intensity within the fluid layer. The field gradient induces in
its turn an additional redistribution of magnetic grains due to
magnetophoresis. Resulting self-consistent magnetic force tries to mix the
fluid. A linear stability analysis predicts oscillatory instability in a
certain region of the magnetic field strength and the fluid parameters. The
instability owes magneto- and thermophoresis its origin: were the particle
diffusion not operative, then only stationary instability would occur. A
discovery of predicted convective oscillations is expected in ferrofluid layers
about 1 mm thick, where the buoyancy mechanism is negligible and the
characteristic diffusion time is not too long.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125370 </DOCNO>
Supernova Remnants: acceleration of particles and gamma-ray emission


  Particle acceleration in the dynamically evolving environment of Supernova
Remnants is discussed in the framework of a genuinely time-dependent nonlinear
theory, assuming spherical symmetry. As a consequence the dependence of
injection on the angle between shock normal and external magnetic field
direction requires a renormalisation of the calculated particle fluxes. The
recent observational results in TeV gamma-rays from such objects are discussed
and found to be consistent with theory. We conclude that for the present
instrumental sensitivities there are no reasons to draw premature negative
conclusions as to the possible origin of the Galactic Cosmic Rays below the
"knee" in Supernova Remnants. In addition, theoretical predictions and
observations are getting very close. Therefore the coming generation of
ground-based and space-borne detectors will decide this basic question of
astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127118 </DOCNO>
Metallicity gradients in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal Galaxy


  Metallicity gradients in the Sagittarius dwarf Galaxy (Sgr) are investigated
by using infrared photometric data from the 2MASS survey. To search for
metallicity effects, the giant branch in a field situated near the Center of
the Sgr is compared to the giant branch in a field situated near its southern
edge. The contamination of Sgr giant branch by foreground Galactic stars is
canceled by statistical subtraction of diagrams symmetrical in Galactic
latitude. After subtraction it is possible to reconstruct the Sgr giant branch
with excellent accuracy. The giant branch in the two fields have similar slopes
but are shifted in color. Even after correction for the differential reddening
between the fields, the shift in color between the branch remains, and is very
significant. This variation in the color of the giant branch corresponds to a
metallicity variation of about -0.25 Dex. The existence of a metallicity
gradient in Sgr may indicate that there are two different stellar population in
Sgr. One has low metallicity, and another one of higher metallicity has a
smaller spatial extension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148217 </DOCNO>
Observations on non-commutative field theories in coordinate space


  We discuss non-commutative field theories in coordinate space. To do so we
introduce pseudo-localized operators that represent interesting position
dependent (gauge invariant) observables. The formalism may be applied to
arbitrary field theories, with or without supersymmetry.
  The formalism has a number of intuitive advantages. First it makes clear the
appearance of new degrees of freedom in the infrared. Second, it allows for a
study of correlation functions of (composite) operators. Thus we calculate the
two point function in position space of the insertion of certain composite
operators. We demonstrate that, even at tree level, many of the by now familiar
properties of non-commutative field theories are manifest and have simple
interpretations. The form of correlation functions are such that certain
singularities may be interpreted in terms of dimensional reduction along the
non-commutative directions: this comes about because these are theories of
fundamental dipoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124462 </DOCNO>
Lengths of the First days of the Universe


  The early stage of the Universe is discussed and the time lengths of its
first days are given. If we denote the Hubble time in the zero-gravity limit by
T (approximately 12.16 billion years), and T(n) denotes the length of the n-th
day, then we have the very simple relation T(n)=T/(2n-1). Hence we obtain for
the first days the following lenghts of time: T(1)=T, T(2)=T/3, T(3)=T/5, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6222 </DOCNO>
Maximum pull out force on DNA hybrids


  We discuss theoretically the force F between two colloidal particles, each of
them carrying one single strand DNA. The two strands are complementary only on
a finite sequence of consecutive base pairs. We define an adjustment length (a
few base pairs): in the adjustment regions near both ends of the paired region,
the tension is still mainly on one single strand. But in the central part, the
two backbones are equally loaded. This leads to a rupture force, increasing
linearly with length, and saturating for large lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148141 </DOCNO>
Non-diagrammatic calculation of QCD one-loop beta-function based on the


  Using the higher covariant derivatives regularization of gauge theories in
the framework of the background field method, supplemented with one-loop
Pauli-Villars regulator fields, we obtain a version of the renormalization
group equation for the regulator fields, whose vacuum energy depends on the
background gauge field. It is evaluated using an anomalous Ward-Takahashi
identity, which is related to the rescaling anomaly of the auxiliary fields,
obtained by the Fujikawa approach. In this way the anomalous origin of the
one-loop beta-function in QCD is clearly shown in terms of scaling of effective
Lagrangians without the use of any Feynman diagram. The simplicity of the
method is due to the preservation of the background and quantum gauge
invariance in any step of the calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83592 </DOCNO>
Toward an architecture for quantum programming


  It is becoming increasingly clear that, if a useful device for quantum
computation will ever be built, it will be embodied by a classical computing
machine with control over a truly quantum subsystem, this apparatus performing
a mixture of classical and quantum computation.
  This paper investigates a possible approach to the problem of programming
such machines: a template high level quantum language is presented which
complements a generic general purpose classical language with a set of quantum
primitives. The underlying scheme involves a run-time environment which
calculates the byte-code for the quantum operations and pipes it to a quantum
device controller or to a simulator.
  This language can compactly express existing quantum algorithms and reduce
them to sequences of elementary operations; it also easily lends itself to
automatic, hardware independent, circuit simplification. A publicly available
preliminary implementation of the proposed ideas has been realized using the
C++ language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128100 </DOCNO>
Element Diffusion During Cosmological Structure Formation


  We consider element diffusion during the linear growth of structure in the
intergalactic medium (IGM) before the redshift of reionization. The elements
produced during big bang nucleosynthesis (such as D, He-4 or Li-7) condensed in
collapsing regions more readily than hydrogen. Diffusion was most effective
when the IGM was neutral since the collisional cross-section between neutral
species is smaller than the corresponding Coulomb cross-section in an ionized
gas. We find that diffusion led to small deviations in element abundances of up
to 0.1%. Abundance measurements to this level of precision in low-metallicity
environments could provide information about the thermal and ionization history
of the primordial gas during the early formation of structure in the IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4867 </DOCNO>
Vibrational properties of amorphous silicon from tight-binding O(N)


  We present an O(N) algorithm to study the vibrational properties of amorphous
silicon within the framework of tight-binding approach. The dynamical matrix
elements have been evaluated numerically in the harmonic approximation
exploiting the short-range nature of the density matrix to calculate the
vibrational density of states which is then compared with the same obtained
from a standard O($N^4$) algorithm. For the purpose of illustration, an
1000-atom model is studied to calculate the localization properties of the
vibrational eigenstates using the participation numbers calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96207 </DOCNO>
On algebraic 1-motives related to Hodge cycles


  The goal of this paper is to introduce Hodge 1-motives of algebraic varieties
and to state a corresponding cohomological Grothendieck-Hodge conjecture,
generalizing the classical Hodge conjecture to arbitrarily singular proper
schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74306 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous R-Parity violation bounds


  We investigate bounds from tree-level and one-loop processes in generic
supersymmetric models with spontaneous R-parity breaking in the superpotential.
We analyse the bounds from a general point of view. The bounds are applicable
both for all models with spontaneous R-parity violation and for explicit
bilinear R-parity violation based on general lepton-chargino and
neutrino-neutralino mixings. We find constraints from semileptonic B, D and K
decays, leptonic decays of the mu and tau, electric dipole moments, as well as
bounds for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99200 </DOCNO>
Braided Line and Counting Fixed Points of GL(d,F_q)


  We interpret a recent formula for counting orbits of $GL(d,F_q)$ in terms of
counting fixed points as addition in the affine braided line. The theory of
such braided groups (or Hopf algebras in braided categories) allows us to
obtain the inverse relationship, which turns out to be the same formula but
with $q$ and $q^{-1}$ interchanged (a perfect duality between counting orbits
and counting fixed points). In particular, the probability that an element of
$GL(d,F_q)$ has no fixed points is found to be the order-$d$ truncated
$q$-exponential of $-1/(q-1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114110 </DOCNO>
Linear Relativity as a Result of Unit Transformation


  General Relativity is considered to be so far the best gravitation theory.
However it is quite hard to use in real situations. The root of these
difficulties lays in the non-linearity of the theory. Our aim was not to
linearize the theory, but find the source of non-linearity and get rid of it.
We found that the resolution can be obtained by defining standards and units
properly. We also found that the mathematical method to change the units of
General Relativity has been discussed in general almost 40 years ago by Dicke.
Linear Relativity can be founded by choosing the right function for his
transformation and reinterpret his results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96066 </DOCNO>
The Heun equation and the Calogero-Moser-Sutherland system I: the Bethe


  We propose and develop the Bethe Ansatz method for the Heun's equation. As an
application, we justify the holomorphic perturbation for the 1-particle
Inozemtsev model from the trigonometric model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98164 </DOCNO>
Prime ideals invariant under winding automorphisms in quantum matrices


  The main goal of the paper is to establish the existence of tensor product
decompositions for those prime ideals P of the generic algebra A of quantum n
by n matrices which are invariant under winding automorphisms of A. More
specifically, every such P is the kernel of a map from A to (A^+/P^+) tensor
(A^-/P^-) obtained by composing comultiplication, localization, and quotient
maps, where A^+ and A^- are special localized quotients of A while P^+ and P^-
are prime ideals invariant under winding automorphisms. Further, the algebras
A^+ and A^-, which vary with P, can be chosen so that the correspondence
sending (P^+,P^-) to P is a bijection. The main theorem is applied, in a sequel
to this paper, to completely determine the winding-invariant prime ideals in
the generic quantum 3 by 3 matrix algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76374 </DOCNO>
Cosmological magnetic fields induced by metric perturbations after


  We consider the amplification of electromagnetic quantum vacuum fluctuations
induced by the presence of metric perturbations at the end of inflation. We
obtain the amplitude of the corresponding magnetic fields on super-Hubble
scales and compare it with the requirements of the galactic dynamo mechanism
for different values of the spectral index. Finally we discuss the possible
effects of the dissipation of such fields in the form of gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96277 </DOCNO>
Applications of Symmetric Functions to Cycle and Increasing Subsequence


  Using the Berele/Remmel/Kerov/Vershik variation of the
Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence, we study the cycle and increasing
subsequence structure after various methods of shuffling. One consequence is a
cycle index for shuffles like: cut a deck into roughly two equal piles,
thoroughly mix the first pile and then riffle it with the second pile.
Conclusions are drawn concerning the distribution of fixed points and the
asymptotic distribution of cycle structure. An upper bound on the convergence
rate is given. Connections are made with extended Schur functions and with work
of Baik and Rains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76113 </DOCNO>
Present Status of Neutrino Mixing


  A short review of the status of neutrino mixing and neutrino oscillations is
given. The basics of neutrino mixing and oscillations is discussed. The latest
evidences of neutrino oscillations obtained in the Super-Kamiokande and the SNO
solar neutrino experiments and in the Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino
experiment are considered. The results of solar and atmospheric neutrino
experiments are discussed from the point of view of the three-neutrino mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76227 </DOCNO>
Steps towards the QCD calculation for e+ e- --> 3 jets at NNLO


  High precision analyses of experimental data for e+ e- annihillation, such as
determination of jet rates or event shape observables, call for complete
next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) perturbative QCD predictions. In this
talk, we discuss the various ingredients entering the calculation of the NNLO
corrections in e+ e- annihillation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83596 </DOCNO>
CRL at Ntcir2


  We have developed systems of two types for NTCIR2. One is an enhenced version
of the system we developed for NTCIR1 and IREX. It submitted retrieval results
for JJ and CC tasks. A variety of parameters were tried with the system. It
used such characteristics of newspapers as locational information in the CC
tasks. The system got good results for both of the tasks. The other system is a
portable system which avoids free parameters as much as possible. The system
submitted retrieval results for JJ, JE, EE, EJ, and CC tasks. The system
automatically determined the number of top documents and the weight of the
original query used in automatic-feedback retrieval. It also determined
relevant terms quite robustly. For EJ and JE tasks, it used document expansion
to augment the initial queries. It achieved good results, except on the CC
tasks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86741 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of complexified space-time and algebraic structures in


  In this paper is discussed description of some algebraic structures in
quantum theory by using formal recursive constructions with "complex Poincar\'e
group" ISO(4,C).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124018 </DOCNO>
Critical Test of a Fractal Paradigm: Deficit of Planetary Systems


  The incidence of planetary systems orbiting red dwarf stars with masses less
than 0.25 solar masses provides a crucial observational test for a fractal
cosmological paradigm. The discrete self-similarity of the paradigm requires
that there are anomalously few planetary systems associated with these lowest
mass red dwarf stars. This prediction can be tested in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113699 </DOCNO>
Radio and optical observations of large-scale traveling ionospheric


  Basic properties of the mid-latitude large-scale traveling ionospheric
disturbances (LS TIDs) during the maximum phase of a strong magnetic storm of
6-8 April 2000 are shown. Total electron content (TEC) variations were studied
by using data from GPS receivers located in Russia and Central Asia. The
nightglow response to this storm at mesopause and termospheric altitudes was
also measured by optical instruments FENIX located at the observatory of the
Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, (51.9 deg. N, 103.0 deg. E) and MORTI
located at the observatory of the Institute of Ionosphere (43.2 deg. N, 77.0
deg. E). Observations of the O (557.7 nm, 630.0 nm, 360-410 nm, and 720-830 nm)
emissions originating from atmospheric layers centered at altitudes of 90 km,
97 km, and 250 km were carried out at Irkutsk and of the O_2 (866.5 nm)
emission originating from an atmospheric layer centered at altitude of 95 km
was carried out at Almaty. Variations of the f_0F2 and virtual altitude of the
F2 layer were measured at Almaty as well. An analysis of data was performed for
the time interval 17.00-21.00 UT comprising a maximum of the Dst derivative.
Results have shown that the storm-induced solitary large-scale wave with
duration of 1 hour and with the front width of 5000 km moved equatorward with
the velocity of 200 ms-1 to a distance of no less than 1000 km. The TEC
disturbance, basically displaying an electron content depression in the maximum
of the F2 region, reveals a good correlation with growing nightglow emission,
the temporal shift between the TEC and emission variation maxima being
different for different altitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6659 </DOCNO>
Exciton/free-carrier plasma in GaN-based quantum wells: Scattering and


  The degree of ionisation of a two-dimensional electron-hole plasma is
calculated in the low-density (Boltzmann) limit. The electron-hole interaction
is considered for all states: optically active and inactive, bound and unbound.
The theory is applied to exciton/free-carrier plasma in GaN-based quantum wells
at room temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126644 </DOCNO>
The SCUBA 8-mJy survey - I: Sub-millimetre maps, sources and number


  We present maps, source lists, and number counts from the largest, unbiassed,
extragalactic sub-mm survey so far undertaken with the SCUBA camera on the
JCMT. Our maps cover 260 sq. arcmin, to a noise level S(850)=2.5 mJy/beam. We
have reduced the data using both SURF, and our own pipeline which produces
zero-footprint maps and noise images. The uncorrelated noise maps produced by
the latter approach have allowed application of a maximum-likelihood method to
measure the statistical significance of each peak, leading to properly
quantified flux-density errors for all potential sources. We detect 19 sources
with S/N > 4, 38 with S/N > 3.5, and 72 with S/N > 3. To assess completeness
and the impact of source confusion we have applied our source extraction
algorithm to a series of simulated images. The result is a new estimate of the
sub-mm source counts in the flux-density range S(850)=5-15mJy, which we compare
with other estimates, and with model predictions. Our estimate of the
cumulative source count at S(850) > 8 mJy is 320 (+80,-100) per square degree.
Assuming that the majority of sources have z > 1.5, the co-moving number
density of high-z galaxies forming stars at a rate >1000 solar masses per year
is 10^-5 per Mpc^3, with only a weak dependence on the precise redshift
distribution. This number density corresponds to that of massive ellipticals
with L > 3-4 L* at low redshift and is also the same as the co-moving number
density of comparably massive, passively-evolving objects in the redshift band
1<z<2 inferred from recent surveys of extremely red objects. Thus the bright
sub-mm sources can plausibly account for the formation of all present-day
massive ellipticals. Improved z constraints, and a proper measurement of sub-mm
clustering can refine or refute this picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81416 </DOCNO>
Study of 3-flavor QCD Finite Temperature Phase Transition with Staggered


  We have studied the 3-flavor, finite temperature, QCD phase transition with
staggred fermions on an $ N_t=4$ lattice. By studying a variety of quark masses
we have located the critical point, $m_c$, where the first order 3-flavor
transition ends as lying in the region $0.32 \le m_c \le 0.35$ in lattice units

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124748 </DOCNO>
Local Constraints on the Oscillating G Model


  We analyze the observational constraints on the effective Brans-Dicke
parameter and on the temporal variation of the effective gravitational constant
within the context of the oscillating G model, a cosmological model based on a
massive scalar field non-minimally coupled to gravity. We show that these local
constraints cannot be satisfied simultaneously once the values of the free
parameters entering the model become fixed by the global attributes of our
Universe. In particular, we show that the lower observational bound for the
effective Brans-Dicke parameter and the upper bound of the variation of the
effective gravitational constant lead to a specific value of the oscillation
amplitude which lies well below the value required to explain the periodicity
of 128 Mpc h^{-1} in the galaxy distribution observed in the pencil beam
surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86488 </DOCNO>
Lorentzian 3d Gravity with Wormholes via Matrix Models


  We uncover a surprising correspondence between a non-perturbative formulation
of three-dimensional Lorentzian quantum gravity and a hermitian two-matrix
model with ABAB-interaction. The gravitational transfer matrix can be expressed
as the logarithm of a two-matrix integral, and we deduce from the known
structure of the latter that the model has two phases. In the phase of weak
gravity, well-defined two-dimensional universes propagate in proper time,
whereas in the strong-coupling phase the spatial hypersurfaces disintegrate
into many components connected by wormholes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7079 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of the muonium center as a shallow donor in ZnO


  The electronic structure and the location of muonium centers (Mu) in
single-crystalline ZnO were determined for the first time. Two species of Mu
centers with extremely small hyperfine parameters have been observed below 40
K. Both Mu centers have an axial-symmetric hyperfine structure along with a
[0001] axis, indicating that they are located at the AB_{O,//} and BC_{//}
sites. It is inferred from their small ionization energy (~6 meV and 50 meV)
and hyperfine parameters (~10^{-4} times the vacuum value) that these centers
behave as shallow donors, strongly suggesting that hydrogen is one of the
primary origins of n type conductivity in as-grown ZnO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96671 </DOCNO>
Selection principles and the minimal tower problem


  We study diagonalizations of covers using various selection principles, where
the covers are related to linear quasiorderings (tau-covers). Some of the new
classes are characterised in terms of Borel images in combinatorial spaces.
This study leads to a solution of a topological problem related to the minimal
tower problem, which was stated in an earlier work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113879 </DOCNO>
The Dark Universe: The First Molecules


  The dark Universe corresponds to the period between the thermal decoupling
matter-radiation and the formation of the first objects. During this epoq,
molecules can appeared. In this talk, I will recall the nucleosynthesis
processes, then the chemistry of the primordial Universe. I will discuss the
influence of the primordial molecules on the protocloud evolution .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75138 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity to the KARMEN Timing Anomaly at MiniBooNE


  We present sensitivities for the MiniBooNE experiment to a rare exotic pion
decay producing a massive particle, Q^0. This type of decay represents one
possible explanation for the timing anomaly reported by the KARMEN
collaboration. MiniBooNE will be able to explore an area of the KARMEN signal
that has not yet been investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7214 </DOCNO>
Numerical comparison of two approaches for the study of phase


  We compare two recently proposed methods for the characterization of phase
transitions in small systems. The validity and usefulness of these approaches
are studied for the case of the q=4 and q=5 Potts model, i.e. systems where a
thermodynamic limit and exact results exist. Guided by this analysis we discuss
then the helix-coil transition in polyalanine, an example of structural
transitions in biological molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2578 </DOCNO>
When non-extensive entropy becomes extensive


  Tsallis' non-extensive entropy $S_q$ enables us to treat both a power and
exponential evolutions of underlying microscopic dynamics on equal footing by
adjusting the variable entropic index $q$ to proper one $q^*$. We propose an
alternative constraint of obtaining the proper entropic index $q^*$ that the
non-additive conditional entropy becomes additive if and only if $q=q^*$ in
spite of that the associated system cannot be decomposed into statistically
independent subsystems. Long-range (time) correlation expressed by
$q$-exponential function is discussed based on the nature that $q$-exponential
function cannot be factorized into independent factors when $q \ne 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124280 </DOCNO>
Spectral variability of Ultra Luminous Compact X-ray Sources in Nearby


  Using the X-ray data taken with ASCA, a detailed analysis was made of
intensity and spectral variations of three ultra-luminous extra-galactic
compact X-ray sources (ULXs); IC 342 source 1, M81 X-6, and NGC 1313 source B,
all exhibiting X-ray luminosity in the range 10^{39}-1.5x10^{40} erg s^{-1}. As
already reported, IC 342 source 1 showed short-term X-ray intensity variability
by a factor of 2.0 on a typical time scale of 10 ks. M81 X-6 varied by a factor
of 1.6 across seven observations spanning 3 years, while NGC 1313 source B
varied by a factor of 2.5 between two observations conducted in 1993 July and
1995 November. The ASCA spectra of these sources, acquired on these occasions,
were all described successfully as optically-thick emission from standard
accretion disks around black holes. This confirms previous ASCA works which
explained ULXs as mass-accreting massive black-hole binaries. In all three
sources, the disk color temperature was uncomfortably high at T_{in}=1.0-2.0
keV, and was found to vary in proportion to the square-root of the source flux.
The apparent accretion-disk radius is hence inferred to change as inversely
proportional to T_{in}. This suggests a significant effect of advection in the
accretion disk. However, even taking this effect fully into account, the too
high values of T_{in} of ULXs cannot be explained. Further invoking the rapid
black-hole rotation may give a solution to this issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114170 </DOCNO>
Current-sheet formation in incompressible electron magnetohydrodynamics


  The nonlinear dynamics of axisymmetric, as well as helical, frozen-in vortex
structures is investigated by the Hamiltonian method in the framework of ideal
incompressible electron magnetohydrodynamics. For description of current-sheet
formation from a smooth initial magnetic field, local and nonlocal nonlinear
approximations are introduced and partially analyzed that are generalizations
of the previously known exactly solvable local model neglecting electron
inertia. Finally, estimations are made that predict finite-time singularity
formation for a class of hydrodynamic models intermediate between that local
model and the Eulerian hydrodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99230 </DOCNO>
Potential isomorphism and semi-proper trees


  We study a notion of potential isomorphism, where two structures are said to
be potentially isomorphic if they are isomorphic in some generic extension that
preserves stationary sets and does not add new sets of cardinality less than
the cardinality of the models. We introduce the notions of semi-proper and
weakly semi-proper trees, and note that there is a strong connection between
the existence of potentially isomorphic models for a given complete theory and
the existence of weakly semi-proper trees. We prove the existence of
semi-proper trees under certain cardinal arithmetic assumptions. We also show
the consistency of the non-existence of weakly semi-proper trees assuming the
consistency of some large cardinals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4730 </DOCNO>
Generalized Random-Phase Approximation Theory of Quasiparticle Spectral


  We present a microscopic theory of ground-state spectral function of bilayer
quantum Hall systems that includes interactions between Hartree-Fock
quasiparticles and quantum fluctuations of the order parameter field. The
collective modes in these systems are properly described only when fluctuations
in direct and exchange particle-hole channels are taken into account. Using an
auxiliary field functional integral approach, we present a generalization of
the random phase approximation \emph{for quasiparticle self-energy} which
captures fluctuations in both channels. We discuss its relationship to
diagrammatic perturbation theory and an adiabatic approximation. We present
simple analytical results for the quasiparticle self-energy and the
renormalized order parameter that follow from this theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179303 </DOCNO>
Uncorrelated scattering approximation for the scattering and break-up of


  The scattering of a weakly bound (halo) projectile nucleus by a heavy target
nucleus is investigated. A new approach, called the Uncorrelated Scattering
Approximation, is proposed. The main approximation involved is to neglect the
correlation between the fragments of the projectile in the region where the
interaction with the target is important. The formalism makes use of
hyper-spherical harmonics, Raynal-Revay coefficients and momentum-localized
wave functions to expand projectile channel wave functions in terms of products
of the channel wave function of the individual fragments. Within this approach,
the kinetic energy and angular momentum of each fragment is conserved during
the scattering process. The elastic, inelastic and break-up S-matrices are
obtained as an analytic combination involving the bound wave function of the
projectile and the product of the S-matrices of the fragments. The approach is
applied to describe the scattering of deuteron on $^{58}$Ni at several
energies. The results are compared with experimental data and
continuum-discretized coupled-channels calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83902 </DOCNO>
Elusive Threats: Security Weaknesses of Commercial Cellular Networks


  Commercial cellular telecommunications networks are routinely used as key
means of voice and data transport by both businesses and the Public. Despite
advances in encryption and other security measures, these commercial cellular
networks remain extremely vulnerable to malicious attacks and the loss of user
and data privacy and integrity. Such losses can result not only in mere
inconvenience, but in serious corporate and national security breaches. Because
of the potentially catastrophic nature of such security breaches, it behooves
cellular network operators, distributors, and users to explore these network
risk areas and mitigate them to the extent that current resources allow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98415 </DOCNO>
Grafting Seiberg-Witten Monopoles


  We demonstrate that the operation of taking disjoint unions of J-holomorphic
curves (and thus obtaining new J-holomorphic curves)on symplectic 4-manifolds,
has a Seiberg-Witten counterpart. The main theorem asserts that, given two
solutions $(A_i, \psi_i)$, $i=0,1$ of the Seiberg-Witten equations for the
$Spin^c$-structures $W_{E_i}= E_i \oplus (E_i \otimes K^{-1})$ (with certain
restrictions), there is a solution $(A, \psi)$ of the Seiberg-Witten equations
for the $Spin^c$-structure $W_E$ with $E= E_0\otimes E_1$, obtained by
"grafting" the two solutions $(A_i, \psi_i)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114146 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic Interaction of Strong Shocks with Inhomogeneous Media - I:


  Many astrophysical flows occur in inhomogeneous (clumpy) media. We present
results of a numerical study of steady, planar shocks interacting with a system
of embedded cylindrical clouds. Our study uses a two-dimensional geometry. Our
numerical code uses an adaptive mesh refinement allowing us to achieve
sufficiently high resolution both at the largest and the smallest scales. We
neglect any radiative losses, heat conduction, and gravitational forces.
Detailed analysis of the simulations shows that interaction of embedded
inhomogeneities with the shock/postshock wind depends primarily on the
thickness of the cloud layer and arrangement of the clouds in the layer. The
total cloud mass and the total number of individual clouds is not a significant
factor. We define two classes of cloud distributions: thin and thick layers. We
define the critical cloud separation along the direction of the flow and
perpendicular to it distinguishing between the interacting and noninteracting
regimes of cloud evolution. Finally we discuss mass-loading and mixing in such
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4443 </DOCNO>
Staggered orbital currents in the half-filled two-leg ladder


  Using Abelian bosonization with a careful treatment of the Klein factors, we
show that a certain phase of the half-filled two-leg ladder, previously
identified as having spin-Peierls order, instead exhibits staggered orbital
currents with no dimerization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81217 </DOCNO>
Improved non-perturbative renormalization without $c_{NGI}$


  Recently, a method for O(a) improvement of composite operators has been
proposed which uses the large momentum behavior of fixed gauge quark and gluon
correlation functions (G. Martinelli et al., hep-lat/0106003). A practical
problem with this method is that a particular improvement coefficient,
$c_{NGI}$, which has a gauge non-covariant form, is difficult to determine.
Here I work out the size of the errors made in improvement coefficients and
physical quantities if one does not include the $c_{NGI}$ term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129074 </DOCNO>
SCUBA sub-millimeter observations of gamma-ray bursters: II. GRB 991208,


  We discuss our ongoing program of Target of Opportunity sub-millimeter
observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using the Sub-millimetre Common-User
Bolometer Array (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT).
Sub-millimeter observations of the early afterglows are of interest because
this is where the emission peaks in some bursts in the days to weeks following
the burst. Of increasing interest is to look for underlying quiescent
sub-millimeter sources that may be dusty star-forming host galaxies. In this
paper, we present observations of GRB 991208, 991216, 000301C, 000630, 000911,
and 000926. For all these bursts, any sub-millimeter emission is consistent
with coming from the afterglow. This means that we did not conclusively detect
quiescent sub-millimeter counterparts to any of the bursts that were studied
from 1997 through 2000. The inferred star formation rates (M > 5 Msun) are
typically < 300 Msun/yr. If GRBs are due to the explosions of high-mass stars,
this may indicate that the relatively small population of extremely luminous
dusty galaxies does not dominate the total star formation in the universe at
early epochs. Instead, the GRBs may be predominantly tracing slightly lower
luminosity galaxies. The optical faintness of some host galaxies is unlikely to
be explained as due to dust absorption in the host.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3141 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity Near Ferromagnetism in MgCNi3


  An unusual quasi-two-dimensional heavy band mass van Hove singularity (vHs)
lies very near the Fermi energy in MgCNi3, recently reported to superconduct at
8.5 K. This compound is strongly exchange enhanced and is unstable to
ferromagnetism upon hole doping with 12% Mg --> Na or Li. The 1/4-depleted fcc
(frustrated) Ni sublattice and lack of Fermi surface nesting argues against
competing antiferromagnetic and charge density wave instabilities. We identify
an essentially infinite mass along the M-Gamma line, leading to
quasi-two-dimensionality of this vHs may promote unconventional p-wave pairing
that could coexist with superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2923 </DOCNO>
Order parameter fluctuations and thermodynamic phase transitions in


  We show that in small and low density systems described by a lattice gas
model with fixed number of particles the location of a thermodynamic phase
transition can be detected by means of the distribution of the fluctuations
related to an order parameter which is chosen to be the size of the largest
fragment. We show the correlation between the size of the system and the
observed order of the transition. We discuss the implications of this
correlation on the analysis of experimental fragmentation data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85881 </DOCNO>
Universes inside a $\Lambda$ black hole


  We address the question of universes inside a $\Lambda$ black hole which is
described by a spherically symmetric globally regular solution to the Einstein
equations with a variable cosmological term $\Lambda_{\mu\nu}$, asymptotically
$\Lambda g_{\mu\nu}$ as $r\to 0$ with $\Lambda$ of the scale of symmetry
restoration. Global structure of spacetime contains an infinite sequence of
black and white holes, vacuum regular cores and asymptotically flat universes.
Regular core of a $\Lambda$ white hole models the initial stages of the
Universe evolution. In this model it starts from a nonsingular nonsimultaneous
big bang, which is followed by a Kasner-type anisotropic expansion. Creation of
a mass occurs mostly at the anisotropic stage of quick decay of the initial
vacuum energy. We estimate also the probability of quantum birth of baby
universes inside a $\Lambda$ black hole due to quantum instability of the de
Sitter vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85712 </DOCNO>
The Rest-Frame Instant Form of Metric Gravity


  In a special class of globally hyperbolic, topologically trivial,
asymptotically flat at spatial infinity spacetimes selected by the requirement
of absence of supertranslations (compatible with Christodoulou-Klainermann
spacetimes) it is possible to define the {\it rest-frame instant form} of ADM
canonical gravity by using Dirac's strategy of adding ten extra variables at
spatial infinity and ten extra first class constraints implying the gauge
nature of these variables. The final canonical Hamiltonian is the weak ADM
energy and a discussion of the Hamiltonian gauge transformations generated by
the eight first class ADM constraints is given. When there is matter and the
Newton constant is switched off, one recovers the description of the matter on
the Wigner hyperplanes of the rest-frame instant form of dynamics in Minkowski
spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114408 </DOCNO>
The Wavefront Control System for the National Ignition Facility


  The National Ignition Facility (NIF) requires that pulses from each of the
192 laser beams be positioned on target with an accuracy of 50 um rms. Beam
quality must be sufficient to focus a total of 1.8 MJ of 0.351-um light into a
600-um-diameter volume. An optimally flat beam wavefront can achieve this
pointing and focusing accuracy. The control system corrects wavefront
aberrations by performing closed-loop compensation during laser alignment to
correct for gas density variations. Static compensation of flashlamp-induced
thermal distortion is established just prior to the laser shot. The control
system compensates each laser beam at 10 Hz by measuring the wavefront with a
77-lenslet Hartmann sensor and applying corrections with a 39-actuator
deformable mirror. The distributed architecture utilizes SPARC AXi computers
running Solaris to perform real-time image processing of sensor data and
PowerPC-based computers running VxWorks to compute mirror commands. A single
pair of SPARC and PowerPC processors accomplishes wavefront control for a group
of eight beams. The software design uses proven adaptive optic control
algorithms that are implemented in a multi-tasking environment to economically
control the beam wavefronts in parallel. Prototype tests have achieved a
closed-loop residual error of 0.03 waves rms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128464 </DOCNO>
Asteroseismology and forced oscillations of HD 209295, the first member


  We report the discovery of both intermediate-order gravity mode and low-order
pressure mode pulsation in the same star, HD 209295. It is therefore both a
gamma Doradus and a delta Scuti star, which makes it the first confirmed member
of two classes of pulsating star.
  This object is located in a close binary system with an unknown, but likely
degenerate companion in an eccentric orbit, and some of the gamma Doradus
pulsation frequencies are exact integer multiples of the orbital frequency. We
suggest that these pulsations are tidally excited. HD 209295 may be the
progenitor of an intermediate-mass X-Ray binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41846 </DOCNO>
WIMP search by the DAMA experiment at Gran Sasso


  DAMA is searching for rare processes by developing and using several kinds of
radiopure scintillators: in particular, NaI(Tl), liquid Xenon and CaF$_2$(Eu).
The main results are here summarized with particular attention to the
investigation of the WIMP annual modulation signature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74970 </DOCNO>
Effective gluon interactions in the Colour Superconductive Phase of two


  The gluon self-energies and dispersion laws in the color superconducting
phase of QCD with two massless flavors are calculated using the effective
theory near the Fermi surface. These quantities are calculated at zero
temperature for all the eight gluons, those of the remaining SU(2) color group
and those corresponding to the broken generators. The construction of the
effective interaction is completed with the one loop calculation of the three-
and four-point gluon interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5830 </DOCNO>
Jamming coverage in competitive random sequential adsorption of binary


  We propose a generalized car parking problem where cars of two different
sizes are sequentially parked on a line with a given probability $q$. The free
parameter $q$ interpolates between the classical car parking problem of only
one car size and the competitive random sequential adsorption (CRSA) of a
binary mixture. We give an exact solution to the CRSA rate equations and find
that the final coverage, the jamming limit, of the line is always larger for a
binary mixture than for the uni-sized case. The analytical results are in good
agreement with our direct numerical simulations of the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128293 </DOCNO>
A large-scale simulation of solar convection looking for the birth of


  A new mechanism based on large-scale instabilities of turbulent flows has
been proposed by Rieutord et al. 2000 to explain the existence of supergranular
flows. We present here numerical simulations of surface solar convection which
cover a box of 30$\times30\times$3 Mm$^3$ with a resolution of
315$\times315\times$82, aiming at testing this new mechanism. The simulation
does not show a clear evidence of a large-scale instability. However, its
results show interesting aspects of granules dynamics which are briefly
presented, like extensive p-mode ridges in the k-$\omega$ diagram and a
ring-like distribution of horizontal vorticity around granules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41147 </DOCNO>
Proposal for the aerogel Cherenkov counters for the PEP-N detector


  The work is devoted to the development of the aerogel Cherenkov counters with
the light collection on wavelength shifters and PMTs (ASHIPH). The ASHIPH
system has been developed for the KEDR detector. Tests of the counters have
been carried out on the Dubna accelerator, the pi/K separation obtained is
about 4 sigma.
  The ASHIPH system is suggested for the PEP-N detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148297 </DOCNO>
Exact Results in Noncommutative ${\cal N}=2$ Supersymmetric Gauge


  We study the low-energy dynamics of noncommutative $\N=2$ supersymmetric U(N)
Yang-Mills theories in the Coulomb phase. Exact results are derived for the
leading terms in the derivative expansion of the Wilsonian effective action. We
find that in the infrared regime the U(1) subgroup decouples, and the remaining
SU(N) is described by the ordinary commutative Seiberg-Witten solution. IR/UV
mixing is present in the U(1), but not in SU(N). Our analysis is based on
explicit perturbative and multi-instanton calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4145 </DOCNO>
Non-existence of strong coupling two-channel Kondo fixed point for


  We consider the problem of an heavy particle in a double well potential (DWP)
interacting with an electron bath. Under general assumptions, we map the
problem to a three-color logarithmic gas model, where the size of the core of
the charged particles is proportional to the tunneling time, $\tau_{tun}$, of
the heavy particle between the two wells. For times larger then $\tau_{tun}$
this model is equivalent to the anisotropic two-channel Kondo (2CK) model in a
transverse field. This allows us to establish a relationship between the
microscopic parameters of DWP and the 2CK problem. We show that the strong
coupling fixed point of the 2CK model can never be reached for the DWP problem,
in agreement with the results of Kagan and Prokof'ev, [Sov.Phys. JEPT, 69, 836
(1989)] and Aleiner et al., [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2629 (2001)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179282 </DOCNO>
Study of chirally motivated low-energy $K^-$ optical potentials


  The $K^-$ optical potential in the nuclear medium is evaluated self
consistently from a free-space $K^-N$ $t$ matrix constructed within a
coupled-channel chiral approach to the low-energy $\bar K N$ data. The
chiral-model parameters are fitted to a select subset of the low-energy data
{\it plus} the $K^-$ atomic data throughout the periodic table. The resulting
attractive $K^-$ optical potentials are relatively `shallow', with central
depth of the real part about 55 MeV, for a fairly reasonable reproduction of
the atomic data with $\chi^2 / N \approx 2.2$. Relatively `deep' attractive
potentials of depth about 180 MeV, which result in other phenomenological
approaches with $\chi^2 / N \approx 1.5$, are ruled out within chirally
motivated models. Different physical data input is required to distinguish
between shallow and deep $K^-$ optical potentials. The ($K^{-}_{\rm stop},\pi$)
reaction could provide such a test, with exclusive rates differing by over a
factor of three for the two classes of potentials. Finally, forward ($K^-,p$)
differential cross sections for the production of relatively narrow deeply
bound $K^-$ {\it nuclear} states are evaluated for deep $K^-$ optical
potentials, yielding values considerably lower than those estimated before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74562 </DOCNO>
Soft Color Interactions and Diffractive Hard Scattering at the Fermilab


  An improved understanding of nonperturbative QCD can be obtained by the
recently developed soft color interaction models. Their essence is the
variation of color string-field topologies, giving a unified description of
final states in high energy interactions, e.g., diffractive and nondiffractive
events in ep and ppbar. Here we present a detailed study of such models (the
soft color interaction model and the generalized area law model) applied to
ppbar, considering also the general problem of the underlying event including
beam particle remnants. With models tuned to HERA ep data, we find a good
description also of Tevatron data on production of W, beauty and jets in
diffractive events defined either by leading antiprotons or by one or two
rapidity gaps in the forward or backward regions. We also give predictions for
diffractive J/psi production where the soft exchange mechanism produces both a
gap and a color singlet ccbar state in the same event. This soft color
interaction approach is also compared with Pomeron-based models for
diffraction, and some possibilities to experimentally discriminate between
these different approaches are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1429 </DOCNO>
The Local Larmor Clock, Partial Densities of States, and Mesoscopic


  The local Larmor clock is used to derive a hierarchy of local densities of
states. At the bottom of this hierarchy are the partial density of states for
which represent the contribution to the local density of states if both the
incident and outgoing scattering channel are prescribed. On the next higher
level is the injectivity which represents the contribution to the local density
of states if only the incident channel is prescribed regardless of the final
scattering channel. The injectivity is related by reciprocity to the emissivity
of a point into a quantum channel. The sum of all partial density of states or
the sum of all injectivities or the sum of all emissivities is equal to the
local density of states. The use of the partial density of states is
illustrated for a number of different electron transport problems in mesoscopic
physics: The transmission from a tunneling tip into a mesoscopic conductor, the
discussion of inelastic or phase breaking scattering with a voltage probe, and
the ac-conductance of mesoscopic conductors. The transition from a capacitive
response (positive time-delay) to an inductive response (negative time-delay)
for a quantum point contact is used to illustrate the difficulty in associating
time-scales with a linear response analysis. A brief discussion of the
off-diagonal elements of a partial density of states matrix is presented. The
off-diagonal elements permit to investigate carrier fluctuations away from the
average carrier density. The work concludes with a discussion of the relation
between the partial density of states matrix and the Wigner-Smith delay time
matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75414 </DOCNO>
The CKM Phase in Heterotic Orbifold Models


  We consider properties of the CKM phase in the heterotic orbifold models. We
find that at the renormalizable level the CKM phase vanishes identically for
the prime orbifolds, whereas it can be non-zero for some non-prime orbifolds.
In particular, we study in detail the Z_6-I orbifold which allows for a
non-trivial CKM phase and analyze the modular properties of the corresponding
Jarlskog invariant. The CKM phase is shown to vanish if the moduli fields are
stabilized at Im T_i=\pm 1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73389 </DOCNO>
Vacuum energy of CP(1) solitons


  The vacuum energy of two CP(1) solitons on a torus is computed numerically. A
numerical technique for zeta-function regularisation is proposed to remove the
divergences of the vacuum energy. After performing the numerical
regularisation, we observe the effect of the vacuum energy on the two soliton
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85770 </DOCNO>
Conditional Symmetries and Phase Space Reduction towards G.C.T.


  The quantization of Class A Bianchi Type VI and VII geometries -with all six
scale factors, as well as the lapse function and the shift vector present- is
considered. A first reduction of the initial 6-dimensional configuration space
is achieved by the usage of the information furnished by the quantum form of
the linear constraints. Further reduction of the space in which the wave
function -obeying the Wheeler-DeWitt equation- lives, is accomplished by
revealing a classical integral of motion, tantamount to an extra symmetry of
the corresponding classical Hamiltonian. This symmetry generator -member of a
larger group- is linear in momenta and corresponds to G.C.T.s through the
action of the automorphism group -especially through the action of the outer
automorphism subgroup. Thus, a G.C.T. invariant wave function is found, which
depends on one combination of the two curvature invariants --which uniquely and
irreducibly characterizes the hypersurfaces t=const.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75094 </DOCNO>
The Accelerating Universe: A Gravitational Explanation


  The problem of explaining the acceleration of the expansion of the universe
and the observational and theoretical difficulties associated with dark matter
and dark energy are discussed. The possibility that GR does not correctly
describe the large-scale structure of the universe is considered and an
alternative gravity theory is proposed as a possible resolution to the
problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2735 </DOCNO>
Static overscreening and nonlinear response in the Hubbard Model


  We investigate the static charge response for the Hubbard model. Using the
Slave-Boson method in the saddle-point approximation we calculate the charge
susceptibility. We find that RPA works quite well close to half-filling,
breaking, of course, down close to the Mott transition. Away from half filling
RPA is much less reliable: Already for very small values of the Hubbard
interaction U, the linear response becomes much more efficient than RPA,
eventually leading to overscreening already beyond quite moderate values of U.
To understand this behavior we give a simple argument, which implies that the
response to an external perturbation at large U should actually be strongly
non-linear. This prediction is confirmed by the results of exact
diagonalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40719 </DOCNO>
Search for QCD-instantons at HERA


  Signals of QCD instanton induced processes are searched for in deep-inelastic
ep scattering at HERA in a kinematic region defined by the Bjorken scaling
variables x>0.001, 0.1<y<0.6 and polar angle of the scattered positron >156
degrees. Upper limits are derived from the expected instanton-induced final
state properties based on the QCDINS Monte Carlo model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113859 </DOCNO>
Observation of Scarred Modes in Asymmetrically Deformed Microcylinder


  We report observation of lasing in the scarred modes in an asymmetrically
deformed microcavity made of liquid jet. The observed scarred modes correspond
to morphology-dependent resonance of radial mode order 3 with their Q values in
the range of 10^6. Emission directionality is also observed, corresponding to a
hexagonal unstable periodic orbit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81038 </DOCNO>
Comparison Studies of Finite Momentum Correlators on Anisotropic and


  We study hadronic two- and three-point correlators relevant for heavy to
light pseudoscalar meson semi-leptonic decays, using Symanzik improved glue,
D234 light quark and NRQCD heavy quark actions. Detailed comparisons are made
between simulations on anisotropic and isotropic lattices involving finite
momentum hadrons. We find evidence that having an anisotropy helps in
extracting better signals at higher momenta. Initial results for the form
factors f_+(q^2) and f_0(q^2) are presented with tree-level matching of the
lattice heavy-light currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86974 </DOCNO>
Global Prescribed Mean Curvature foliations in cosmological spacetimes


  This second part is devoted to the investigation of global properties of
Prescribed Mean Curvature (PMC) foliations in cosmological spacetimes with
local $U(1) \times U(1)$ symmetry and matter described by the Vlasov equation.
It turns out, that these spacetimes admit a global foliation by PMC surfaces,
as well, but the techniques to achieve this goal are more complex than in the
cases considered in part I.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74836 </DOCNO>
Novel phases and transitions in Color Flavor Locked matter


  We analyze the phases of dense quark matter at nonzero quark masses. We map
out the phase diagrams for charged quark matter as well as charge neutral
matter containing leptons. We find that in Color Flavor Locked (CFL) quark
matter, the symmetric phase with equal numbers of $u$, $d$ and $s$ quarks is
unlikely to occur in nature. Various less symmetric phases with additional
meson condensates may play a role in neutron star cores, however, in agreement
with the analysis of Bedaque and Sch\"afer. We discuss the implications of
these novel color superconducting quark matter phases and their transitions for
neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41031 </DOCNO>
Reach of future colliders in probing the structure of the photon


  A comparison of the potentials of ep and e^+e^-$machines to probe the
structure of the photon is performed. In particular, the kinematic reach of a
proposed future ep facility, THERA, is compared with those of current
colliders, LEP and HERA, and with the proposed linear collider, TESLA. THERA
like HERA will use a proton beam of 920 GeV but with an increased electron beam
energy of 250 GeV allowing higher scales, Q^2, and lower values of parton
momentum fraction in the photon, x_\gamma, to be probed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174687 </DOCNO>
On the reliability of negative heat capacity measurements


  A global protocol for the thermostatistical analysis of hot nuclear sources
is discussed. Within our method of minimization of variances we show that the
abnormal kinetic energy fluctuation signal recently reported in different
experimental data (M.D'Agostino et al.-Phys. Lett. B 473 (2000) 219, N. Le
Neindre et al.- contr. to the XXXVIII Bormio Winter Meeting on Nucl. Phys.
(2001) 404) is a genuine signal of a first order phase transition in a finite
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97163 </DOCNO>
Integrating Unitary Representations of Infinite-Dimensional Lie Groups


  We show that in the presence of suitable commutator estimates, a projective
unitary representation of the Lie algebra of a connected and simply connected
Lie group G exponentiates to G. Our proof does not assume G to be
finite--dimensional or of Banach-Lie type and therefore encompasses the
diffeomorphism groups of compact manifolds. We obtain as corollaries short
proofs of Goodman and Wallach's results on the integration of positive energy
representations of loop groups and Diff(S^{1}) and of Nelson's criterion for
the exponentiation of unitary representations of finite-dimensional Lie
algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 412 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of a one-dimensional fixed-energy stochastic sandpile


  We study a one-dimensional fixed-energy version (that is, with no input or
loss of particles), of Manna's stochastic sandpile model. The system has a
continuous transition to an absorbing state at a critical value $\zeta_c$ of
the particle density. Critical exponents are obtained from extensive
simulations, which treat both stationary and transient properties. In contrast
with other one-dimensional sandpiles, the model appears to exhibit finite-size
scaling, though anomalies exist in the scaling of relaxation times and in the
approach to the stationary state. The latter appear to depend strongly on the
nature of the initial configuration. The critical exponents differ from those
expected at a linear interface depinning transition in a medium with point
disorder, and from those of directed percolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3488 </DOCNO>
On the nature of the superconducting gap in the cuprates


  Recent experiments indicate that the excitation spectrum of the cuprates is
characterised, in the superconducting state, by two energy scales: the
``coherence energy'' \Delta_c and the ``pseudogap'' \Delta_p. Here we consider
a simple generalisation of the BCS model that yields exotic pairing and can
describe, phenomenologically, the generic trends in the critical temperature
T_c of cuprate superconductors. We use the model to predict the gap in the
single-particle spectrum arising from the superconductivity and we find
evidence that it corresponds to the lower of the two energy scales, \Delta_c,
seen in the experiments. This supports the view that the origin of the
pseudogap is not superconducting fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149869 </DOCNO>
Generalized Grassmann Algebras and its Connection to the Extended


  It is shown that the fermionic Heisenberg-Weyl algebra with 2N=D fermionic
generators is equivalent to the generalized Grassmann algebra with two
fractional generators. The 2,3 and 4 dimensional Heisenberg - Weyl algebra is
explicitly given in terms of the fractional generators. These algebras are used
for the formulation of the N=2,3,4 extended supersymmetry. As an example we
reformulate the Lax approach of the supersymmetric Korteweg - de Vries equation
in terms of the generators of the generalized Grassmann algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75328 </DOCNO>
Implications of $\bar{\nu}_{e}e^{-}\to W^{-}\gamma$ for high-energy


  Absorption of high-energy $\bar{\nu}_e$ over electrons above the W boson
production threshold is reexamined. It is pointed out that, in the case of
photon emissions along the direction of incident high-energy $\bar{\nu}_e$, the
kinematically allowed average energy carried by the final state hard photon can
be $\leq 1%$ of the incident $\bar{\nu}_e$ energy above the W boson production
threshold. The differential energy spectrum for the final state hard photon is
calculated. We also discuss implications of our results for the prospective
search of high-energy $\bar{\nu}_e$ through this final state hard photon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4951 </DOCNO>
Scaling Theory for Migration-Driven Aggregate Growth


  We give a comprehensive rate equation description for the irreversible growth
of aggregates by migration from small to large aggregates. For a homogeneous
rate K(i;j) at which monomers migrate from aggregates of size i to those of
size j, that is, K(ai;aj) ~ a^{lambda} K(i,j), the mean aggregate size grows
with time as t^{1/(2-lambda)} for lambda<2. The aggregate size distribution
exhibits distinct regimes of behavior which are controlled by the scaling
properties of the migration rate from the smallest to the largest aggregates.
Our theory applies to diverse phenomena, such as the distribution of city
populations, late stage coarsening of non-symmetric binary systems, and models
for wealth exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75685 </DOCNO>
Implication of Brane fluctuations to indirect collider signals


  We study the effect of brane fluctuation on the indirect signals of high
energy colliders. Brane fluctuation could act as a regulator of divergent
expression of infinite tower of Kaluza-Klein graviton effects. The
phenomenological parameter $\lambda$, introduced by Hewett, is shown to be
determined in our setting, and its dramatic behaviors depending on the
$D=4+\delta$ dimensional gravitation scale $M_D$, `softening parameter'
$\Delta$, and $\sqrt{s}$ of collider are presented. The present exclusion
bounds from the processes $e^+e^-\to \gamma\gamma$ and $p\bar{p}\to e^+ e^-,
\gamma\gamma(\gamma)$ are considered within the parameter space $(M_D, \Delta)$
with respect to the number of extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40701 </DOCNO>
Hybrid pixel detector development for the Linear collider Vertex


  In order to fully exploit the Physics potential of future e+ e- linear
collider, a Vertex Detector providing high resolution track reconstruction is
required. Hybrid Silicon pixel detectors are an attractive option for the
sensor technology due to their read-out speed and radiation hardness but have
been so far limited by the achievable single point resolution. A novel layout
of hybrid pixel sensor with interleaved cells to improve the spatial resolution
has been developed. The characterisation of the first processed prototypes is
reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1545 </DOCNO>
Origin of the high DC transport critical current density for the MgB2


  If the critical current density Jc is very high for a superconductor, then
estimating its value from transport measurements is not very easy. In such
cases, the value of Jc, called Jcm for magnetic Jc, is usually obtained from
the measured magnetic hysteresis loop measurements by using a proper critical
state model such as Bean's model (ref. 1). However, for bulk polycrystalline
high temperature superconductors, the values of Jcm are much higher than the
values, Jct, obtained from the transport measurements. This is due to the fact
that the Jct is interrupted by weakly linked grain boundaries. However, for the
recently discovered superconductor MgB2 (ref. 2), the grain boundary effect is
negligible and these two values seem to coincide. Moreover, Jc increases
drastically with decreasing the temperature. Consequently, the critical current
densities for bulk wires can be very high, suggesting that numerous
applications for the power transport. In this letter, we report the origin of
the large current carrying capability of MgB2 based on direct measurements of
the current-voltage relation in high magnetic fields. A strong coupling between
the grains may be one reason for the absence of the weak link effect. Another
reason may be the fact that, instead of a weak pinning mechanism such as
thermally activated flux hopping, strong pinning due to a vortex glass phase is
found in this material. The vortex phase diagram obtained from transport
measurements shows that, in H-T space, a wide region below the Hc2 line is
covered by a vortex glass phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7570 </DOCNO>
q-Random Matrix Ensembles


  Theory of Random Matrix Ensembles have proven to be a useful tool in the
study of the statistical distribution of energy or transmission levels of a
wide variety of physical systems. We give an overview of certain
q-generalizations of the Random Matrix Ensembles, which were first introduced
in connection with the statistical description of disordered quantum
conductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179579 </DOCNO>
Theoretical description of the double beta decay of 160Gd


  The half-life of the 2 neutrino double-beta-decay of 160Gd, a process which
was previously reported as theoretically forbidden, is estimated by including
the pairing interaction, which mixes different occupations and opens channels
for the decay. Explicit expressions are presented for the pairing mixing, and
for the 2 nu and 0 nu double-beta-decay nuclear matrix elements in the present
pseudo SU(3) approach. The estimated double-beta-decay half-lives suggest that
the planned experiments would succeed in detecting the 2 nu double-beta-decay
in 160Gd, and in putting competitive limits for the zero neutrino mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96354 </DOCNO>
Canonical Commutation Relation Preserving Maps


  We study maps preserving the Heisenberg commutation relation $ab - ba=1$. We
find a one-parameter deformation of the standard realization of the above
algebra in terms of a coordinate and its dual derivative. It involves a
non-local ``coordinate'' operator while the dual ``derivative'' is just the
Jackson finite-difference operator. Substitution of this realization into any
differential operator involving $x$ and $\frac{d}{dx}$, results in an {\em
isospectral} deformation of a continuous differential operator into a
finite-difference one. We extend our results to the deformed Heisenberg algebra
$ab-qba=1$. As an example of potential applications, various deformations of
the Hahn polynomials are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3797 </DOCNO>
Field Effect Magnetization Reversal in Ferromagnetic Semiconductor


  We predict that a novel bias-voltage assisted magnetization reversal process
will occur in Mn doped II-VI semiconductor quantum wells or heterojunctions
with carrier induced ferromagnetism. The effect is due to strong
exchange-coupling induced subband mixing that leads to electrically tunable
hysteresis loops. Our model calculations are based on the mean-field theory of
carrier induced ferromagnetism in Mn-doped quantum wells and on a
semi-phenomenological description of the host II-VI semiconductor valence
bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129159 </DOCNO>
A wide-field spectroscopic survey of the cluster of galaxies


  The mass distribution of the rich cluster of galaxies Cl0024+1654 has
frequently been used to constrain the nature of dark matter yet a model
consistent with all the observational data has been difficult to construct. In
this paper we analyse the three-dimensional structure of this cluster using new
spectroscopic information on ~300 galaxies within a projected radius of 3
Mpc/h. These data reveal an unusual foreground component of galaxies separated
from the main cluster by 3000 km/s. We use numerical simulations to show that a
high speed collision along the line of sight between Cl0024+1654 and a second
cluster of slightly smaller mass can reproduce the observed peculiar redshift
distribution. The collision dramatically alters the internal mass distribution
of the bound remnants, creating constant density cores from initially cuspy
dark matter profiles and scattering galaxies to large projected radii. Our
results can reconcile the inferred mass profile from gravitational lensing with
predictions from hierarchical structure formation models, while at the same
time resolving the mass discrepancy that results from a comparison between
lensing, velocity dispersion and X-ray studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148698 </DOCNO>
Duality and Enhanced Gauge Symmetry in 2+1 Dimensions


  We investigate the enlarged CP(N) model in 2+1 dimensions. This is a hybrid
of two CP(N) models coupled with each other in a dual symmetric fashion, and it
exhibits the gauge symmetry enhancement and radiative induction of the finite
off-diagonal gauge boson mass as in the 1+1 dimensional case. We solve the mass
gap equations and study the fixed point structure in the large-N limit. We find
an interacting ultraviolet fixed point which is in contrast with the 1+1
dimensional case. We also compute the large-N effective gauge action
explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150073 </DOCNO>
A Remark On Field Theories On The Non-Commutative Torus


  We investigate field theories on the non-commutative torus upon varying
theta, the parameter of non-commutativity. We argue that one should think of
Morita equivalence as a symmetry of algebras describing the same space rather
than of theories living on different spaces (as is T-duality). Then we give
arguments why physical observables depend on theta non-continuously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169083 </DOCNO>
Relativity of representations in quantum mechanics


  Only the position representation is used in introductory quantum mechanics
and the momentum representation is not usually presented until advanced
undergraduate courses. To emphasize the relativity of the representations of
the abstract formulation of quantum mechanics, two examples of representations
related to the operators aX+(1-a)P and (XP+PX)/2 are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4099 </DOCNO>
On the Plants Leaves Boundary, "Jupe \`a Godets" and Conformal


  The stable profile of the boundary of a plant's leaf fluctuating in the
direction transversal to the leaf's surface is described in the framework of a
model called a "surface \`a godets". It is shown that the information on the
profile is encoded in the Jacobian of a conformal mapping (the coefficient of
deformation) corresponding to an isometric embedding of a uniform Cayley tree
into the 3D Euclidean space. The geometric characteristics of the leaf's
boundary (like the perimeter and the height) are calculated. In addition a
symbolic language allowing to investigate statistical properties of a "surface
\`a godets" with annealed random defects of curvature of density $q$ is
developed. It is found that at $q=1$ the surface exhibits a phase transition
with critical exponent $\alpha=1/2$ from the exponentially growing to the flat
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5654 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy in c-oriented MgB2 thin films grown by Pulsed Laser


  The electronic anisotropy in MgB2, is still a not completely clear topic;
high quality c-oriented films are suitable systems to investigate this
property. In this work we present our results on MgB2 superconducting thin
films grown on MgO and sapphire substrates. The films are deposited in high
vacuum, at room temperature, by Laser Ablation, starting from two different
targets: pure Boron and stoichiometric MgB2. In both cases, to obtain and
crystallize the superconducting phase, an ex-situ annealing in magnesium vapor
is needed. The films were characterized by Synchrotron radiation diffraction
measurements; the films turned out to be strongly c-oriented, with the c-axis
perpendicular to the film surface and an influence of the substrate on
crystallographic parameters is observed. Resisivity measurements with the
magnetic field perpendicular and parallel directions to the film surface
evidenced an anisotropic upper critical field behavior. The Hc2 ratios (h)
resulted in the range 1.2-1.8; this difference will be discussed also in
comparison with the literature data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98076 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Generalized Coherent States : Some Calculations of Chern


  This is a continuation of the preceding paper (hep-ph/0108219).
  First of all we make a brief review of generalized coherent states based on
Lie algebra su(1,1) and prove that the resolution of unity can be obtained by
the curvature form of some bundle. Next for a set of generalized coherent
states we define a universal bundle over the infinite-dimensional Grassmann
manifold and construct the pull-back bundle making use of a projector from the
parameter space to this Grassmann one. We mainly study Chern characters of
these bundles. Although the Chern characters in the infinite-dimensional case
are in general not easy to calculate, we can perform them for the special
cases. In this paper we report our calculations and propose some problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2145 </DOCNO>
Sex-Oriented stable matchings of the Marriage Problem with correlated


  In the Stable Marriage Problem two sets of agents must be paired according to
mutual preferences, which may happen to conflict. We present two
generalizations of its sex-oriented version, aiming to take into account
correlations between the preferences of agents and costly information. Their
effects are investigated both numerically and analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76600 </DOCNO>
Chiral perturbation theory, dispersion relations and final state


  We discuss the recent literature on the treatment of final state interactions
in K -> pi pi. Various approaches are compared and particular emphasis is given
to the possibility of combining dispersive methods with lattice input. Recent
results on the dependence of various quantities on the quark masses at order
p^6 in the chiral expansion are presented and the relevance for the lattice
calculations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174721 </DOCNO>
Response of CsI(Tl) scintillators over a large range in energy and


  The light output of the 324 CsI(Tl) scintillators of INDRA has been measured
over a large range both in energy: 1 - 80 AMeV and in atomic number of incident
ions: Z = 1 - 60. An analytical expression for the nonlinear total light
response as a function of the energy and the identity of the ion is proposed.
It depends on four parameters. For three of them, connected to CsI(Tl)
intrinsic characteristics, recommended fixed values are proposed. They are
issued from the comparative study of the forward scintillators of INDRA, based
on intermediate mass fragment data. The fourth one, related to light collection
and to the gain of the associated photomultiplier, is particular and may be
accurately obtained afterwards, from light charged particle data. Two
applications are presented: fragment identification in telescopes using a
CsI(Tl) crystal as residual energy detector and the scintillator energy
calibration. The results are successfully confronted to heavy fragment
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 758 </DOCNO>
Decoherence in circuits of small Josephson junctions


  We discuss dephasing by the dissipative electromagnetic environment and by
measurement in circuits consisting of small Josephson junctions. We present
quantitative estimates and determine in which case the circuit might qualify as
a quantum bit. Specifically, we analyse a three junction Cooper pair pump and
propose a measurement to determine the decoherence time $\tau_\phi$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169062 </DOCNO>
Interaction-Free Measurement applied to Quantum Computation: a New CNOT


  In this paper, we propose a new direction of research for the realization of
the quantum controlled-not gate based on a technique called ``interaction-free
measurement'', where qubits are two-level atoms (or ions) and information is
mediated from one qubit to another by lasers in superpositions of $\pi$ and
$2\pi$ pulses. We investigate the advantages and limitations of such a gate and
discuss possible applicability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73883 </DOCNO>
New Dimensions New Hopes


  We live in a four dimensional world. But the idea of unification of
fundamental interactions lead us to higher dimensional theories. Recently a new
theory with extra dimensions has emerged, where only gravity propagates in the
extra dimension and all other interactions are confined in only four
dimensions. This theory gives us many new hopes. In earlier theories
unification of strong, weak and the electromagnetic forces was possible at
around (10^{16}) GeV in a grand unified theory (GUT) and it could get unified
with gravity at around the Planck scale of (10^{19}) GeV. With this new idea it
is possible to bring down all unification scales within the reach of the next
generation accelerators, i.e., around $10^4$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98559 </DOCNO>
Actions of relative Weyl group I


  We construct a new isomorphism between the endomorphism algebra of an induced
cuspidal character sheaf and the group algebra of the relative Weyl group
involved. We show it differs from Lusztig one by a linear character, and we
relate this linear character to some stabilizers. Some consequences on
characteristic functions of character sheaves are obtained. In the forthcoming
part II, we will apply these methods to obtain a precision on Digne, Lehrer and
Michel's theorem on Lusztig restriction of Gel'fand-Graev characters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76198 </DOCNO>
Muon Magnetic Dipole Moment and Higgs Mass in Supersymmetric SU(5)


  We study the muon magnetic dipole moment and the Higgs mass in the framework
of the supersymmetric SU(5) models. In this analysis, all the relevant
parameters in the Lagrangian are taken to be free; in particular, assumption of
the universal scalar mass is not adopted. Negative search for the Higgs boson
at the LEP II experiment sets an important constraint on the supersymmetric
contribution to the muon magnetic dipole moment a_\mu(SUSY). It is shown that,
for a fixed value of the lightest Higgs mass, the maximum possible value of
a_\mu(SUSY) becomes significantly larger in the general SU(5) case compared to
the case of the universal scalar mass (i.e., the case of the so-called
``CMSSM''). We also point out that, if we take relatively large value of the
trilinear scalar couplings, the constraint from the Higgs mass is drastically
relaxed. In this case, a_\mu(SUSY) can be as large as \sim 50\times 10^{-10}
even for small value of \tan\beta (say, for \tan\beta=5).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86980 </DOCNO>
Parametric amplification of waves during gravitational collapse: a first


  We study the dynamical evolution of perturbations in the gravitational field
of a collapsing fluid star. Specifically, we consider the initial value problem
for a massless scalar field in a spacetime similar to the Oppenheimer-Snyder
collapse model, and numerically evolve in time the relevant wave equation. Our
main objective is to examine whether the phenomenon of parametric
amplification, known to be responsible for the strong amplification of
primordial perturbations in the expanding Universe, can efficiently operate
during gravitational collapse. Although the time-varying gravitational field
inside the star can, in principle, support such a process, we nevertheless find
that the perturbing field escapes from the star too early for amplification to
become significant. To put an upper limit in the efficiency of the
amplification mechanism (for a scalar field) we furthermore consider the case
of perturbations trapped inside the star for the entire duration of the
collapse. In this extreme case, the field energy is typically amplified at the
level ~ 1% when the star is about to cross its Schwarszchild radius.
Significant amplification is observed at later stages when the star has even
smaller radius. Therefore, the conclusion emerging from our simple model is
that parametric amplification is unlikely to be of significance during
gravitational collapse. Further work, based on more realistic collapse models,
is required in order to fully assess the astrophysical importance of parametric
amplification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148586 </DOCNO>
Open Strings and Non-commutative Geometry of Branes on Group Manifolds


  In this contribution we review some recent work on the non-commutative
geometry of branes on group manifolds. In particular, we show how fuzzy spaces
arise in this context from an exact world-sheet description and we sketch the
construction of a low-energy effective action for massless open string modes.
The latter is given by a combination of a Yang-Mills and a Chern-Simons like
functional on the fuzzy world-volume. It can be used to study condensation on
various brane configurations in curved backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75714 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rays as Probes of Large Extra Dimensions and TeV Gravity


  If there are large extra dimensions and the fundamental Planck scale is at
the TeV scale, then the question arises of whether ultra-high energy cosmic
rays might probe them. We study the neutrino-nucleon cross section in these
models. The elastic forward scattering is analyzed in some detail, hoping to
clarify earlier discussions. We also estimate the black hole production rate.
We study energy loss from graviton mediated interactions and conclude that they
can not explain the cosmic ray events above the GZK energy limit. However,
these interactions could start horizontal air showers with characteristic
profile and at a rate higher than in the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149374 </DOCNO>
Probing black holes in non-perturbative gauge theory


  We use a 0-brane to probe a ten-dimensional near-extremal black hole with N
units of 0-brane charge. We work directly in the dual strongly-coupled quantum
mechanics, using mean-field methods to describe the black hole background
non-perturbatively. We obtain the distribution of W boson masses, and find a
clear separation between light and heavy degrees of freedom. To localize the
probe we introduce a resolving time and integrate out the heavy modes. After a
non-trivial change of coordinates, the effective potential for the probe agrees
with supergravity expectations. We compute the entropy of the probe, and find
that the stretched horizon of the black hole arises dynamically in the quantum
mechanics, as thermal restoration of unbroken U(N+1) gauge symmetry. Our
analysis of the quantum mechanics predicts a correct relation between the
horizon radius and entropy of a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75677 </DOCNO>
Low Scale Theories: Light Neutrinos and Unification of Gauge Couplings


  Mechanism for generation of suppressed neutrino masses, within low scale
theories, is considered. The mechanism do not have extradimensional nature and
is realized through extended $SU(2)_L$ scalar multiplets. Latters, in some
cases, are also crucial for successful low scale unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7546 </DOCNO>
The disordered Backgammon model


  In this paper we consider an exactly solvable model which displays glassy
behavior at zero temperature due to entropic barriers. The new ingredient of
the model is the existence of different energy scales or modes associated to
different relaxational time-scales. Low-temperature relaxation takes place by
partial equilibration of successive lower energy modes. An adiabatic scaling
solution, defined in terms of a threshold energy scale $\eps^*$, is proposed.
For such a solution, modes with energy $\eps\gg\eps^*$ are equilibrated at the
bath temperature, modes with $\eps\ll\eps^*$ remain out of equilibrium and
relaxation occurs in the neighborhood of the threshold $\eps\sim \eps^*$. The
model is presented as a toy example to investigate conditions related to the
existence of an effective temperature in glassy systems and its possible
dependence on the energy sector probed by the corresponding observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6638 </DOCNO>
Electronically Induced Anomaly in LO Phonon Dispersion of High - Tc


  The strong, electronically induced anomaly in the spectrum of the
longitudinal optical (LO) phonons propagating along the main axes of the
CuO$_2$ plane is tentatively attributed to the oxygen-oxygen charge transfer
between the two oxygens in the plane. It is argued that this charge transfer
can be large and that it is strongly coupled to the zone boundary LO phonons.
The corresponding negative contribution to the free energy is quartic in the LO
phonon amplitude, making the LO phonon unstable through the first order phase
transition, with a concomitant domain structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126152 </DOCNO>
The K-alpha complex of He-like iron with dielectronic satellites


  It is shown that the dielectronic satellites (DES) dominate X-ray spectral
formation in the 6.7 keV K-alpha complex of Fe XXV at temperatures below that
of maximum abundance in collisional ionization equilibrium T_m. Owing to their
extreme temperature sensitivity the DES are excellent spectral diagnostics for
T < T_m in photoionized, colllisional, or hybrid plasmas; whereas the
forbidden, intercombination, and resonance lines of Fe XXV are not. A
diagnostic line ratio GD(T) is defined including the DES and the lines, with
parameters from new relativistic atomic calculations. The DES absorption
resonance strengths may be obtained from differential oscillator strengths to
possibly yield the Fe XXIV/Fe XXV column densities. The DES contribution to
highly ionized Fe should be of interest for models of redward broadening of
K-alpha features, ionized accretion discs, accretion flows, and K-alpha
temporal-temperature variability in AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123966 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Coupling between Periodic and Aperiodic Variability and


  We report the discovery of coupling between periodic and aperiodic
variability and ~12-mHz X-ray quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) from the X-ray
binary pulsar Her X-1 using data from the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. We found
two different couplings, one during the pre-eclipse dips and the other during
the normal state of the source, using a method which directly compares the
low-frequency power-density spectra (PDS) with those of the sidebands around
the coherent pulse frequency. The pre-eclipse dip lightcurves show significant
time variation of photon counts, and this variation appears in the PDS as both
strong mHz powers and well-developed sidebands around the coherent pulse
frequency. The linear correlation coefficients between the mHz PDS and the
sideband PDS obtained from two pre-eclipse dip data segments are 0.880 +- 0.003
and 0.982 +- 0.001, respectively. This very strong coupling demonstrates that
the amplitudes of the coherent pulsations are almost exactly modulated by the
aperiodic variabilities, suggesting that both the periodic and aperiodic
variabilities are related to time variation of obscuration of X-rays from the
central pulsar by an accretion disk during pre-eclipse dips. We also found weak
coupling during the normal state of the source, together with ~12-mHz QPOs. The
normal state coupling seems to reconcile with the prediction that the aperiodic
variabilities from X-ray binary pulsars are due to time-varying accretion flows
onto the pulsar's magnetic poles. If the ~12-mHz QPOs are due to global-normal
disk oscillations caused by the gravitational interactions between the central
pulsar and the accretion disk, the inferred inner-disk radius is roughly
comparable to the magnetospheric radius, ~1 10^8 cm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41343 </DOCNO>
Near Muon Range Detector for the K2K Experiment -Construction and


  A muon range detector (MRD) has been constructed as a near detector for the
KEK-to-Kamioka long-baseline neutrino experiment (K2K). It monitors the
neutrino beam properties at the near site by measuring the energy, angle and
production point of muons produced by charged-current neutrino interaction. The
detector has been working stably since the start of the K2K experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72699 </DOCNO>
Possible Flavor Mixing Structures of Lepton Mass Matrices


  To search for possible textures of lepton mass matrices, we systematically
examine flavor mixing structures which can lead to large lepton mixing angles.
We find out 37 mixing patterns are consistent with experimental data, taking
into account phase factors in the mixing matrices. Only six of the patterns can
explain the observed data without any tuning of parameters, while the others
need particular choices for the phase values. It is found that these six mixing
patterns are those predicted by the models which have been proposed to account
for fermion mass hierarchies. On the other hand, the others may give new flavor
mixing structures of lepton mass matrices and therefore new possibilities of
model construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73562 </DOCNO>
Testing the principle of equivalence by supernova neutrinos


  We study the possible impact of the neutrino oscillation which could be
induced by a tiny violation of equivalence principle (VEP) for neutrinos
emitted from supernova driven by gravitational collapse. Due to the absence of
any significant indication of neutrino oscillation in the SN1987A data, we
obtain sever bounds on relevant VEP parameters \delta \gamma\lsim O(10^{-31})
for massless or degenerated neutrinos and \delta \gamma \lsim O(10^{-16})\times
[\Delta m^2/10^{-5} eV^2] for massive neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75370 </DOCNO>
Vacuum stability bounds in Anomaly and Gaugino Mediated SUSY breaking


  We constrain the parameter space of the minimal and gaugino-assisted anomaly
mediation, and gaugino mediation models by requiring that the electroweak
vacuum corresponds to the deepest minimum of the scalar potential. In the
framework of anomaly mediation models we find strong lower bounds on slepton
and squark masses. In the gaugino mediation models the mass spectrum is forced
to be at the TeV scale. We find extensive regions of the parameter space which
are ruled out, even at low tan(beta). The implications of these results on the
g-2 of the muon are also analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127923 </DOCNO>
The Rest-Frame Extreme Ultraviolet Spectral Properties of QSOs


  We use a sample of 332 Hubble Space Telescope spectra of 184 QSOs with z >
0.33 to study the typical ultraviolet spectral properties of QSOs, with
emphasis on the ionizing continuum. Our sample is nearly twice as large as that
of Zheng et al. (1997) and provides much better spectral coverage in the
extreme ultraviolet (EUV). The overall composite continuum can be described by
a power law with index alpha_EUV = -1.76 +/- 0.12 (f_nu ~ nu^alpha) between 500
and 1200 Angstroms. The corresponding results for subsamples of radio-quiet and
radio-loud QSOs are alpha_EUV = -1.57 +/- 0.17 and alpha_EUV = -1.96 +/- 0.12,
respectively. We also derive alpha_EUV for as many individual objects in our
sample as possible, totaling 39 radio-quiet and 40 radio-loud QSOs. The typical
individually measured values of alpha_EUV are in good agreement with the
composites. We find no evidence for evolution of alpha_EUV with redshift for
either radio-loud or radio-quiet QSOs. However, we do find marginal evidence
for a trend towards harder EUV spectra with increasing luminosity for
radio-loud objects. An extrapolation of our radio-quiet QSO spectrum is
consistent with existing X-ray data, suggesting that the ionizing continuum may
be represented by a single power law. The resulting spectrum is roughly in
agreement with models of the intergalactic medium photoionized by the
integrated radiation from QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124259 </DOCNO>
The near-infrared and ice-band variability of Haro 6-10


  We have monitored the angularly resolved near infrared and 3.1 micron
ice-band flux of the components of the young binary Haro 6-10 on 23 occasions
during the years 1988 to 2000. Our observations reveal that both the visible
star Haro 6-10 (Haro 6-10S) and its infrared companion (Haro 6-10N) show
significant variation in flux on time scales as short as a month. The
substantial flux decrease of Haro 6-10S over the last four years carries the
reddening signature of increased extinction. However, a comparable K-band flux
increase observed in the IRC is associated with a dimming in the H-band and
cannot be explained by lower extinction. Absorption in the 3.1 micron water-ice
feature was always greater towards the IRC during our observations, indicating
a larger amount of obscuring material along its line of sight. We detect
variability in the ice-band absorption towards Haro 6-10S and Haro 6-10N,
significant at the 3.5 sigma and 2.0 sigma levels, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2722 </DOCNO>
Growth, structure analysis and anisotropic superconducting properties of


  Here we report the growth of sub-millimeter MgB2 single crystals of various
shapes under high pressure in Mg-B-N system. Structure refinement using a
single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis gives lattice parameters a=3.0851(5)
A and c=3.5201(5) A with small reliability factors (Rw =0.025, R=0.018), which
enables us to analyze the Fourier and Fourier difference maps. The maps clearly
show the B sp2 orbitals and covalency of the B-B bonds. The sharp
superconducting transitions at Tc =38.1-38.3K were obtained in both
magnetization (DTc =0.6K) and resistivity (DTc <0.3K) measurements. Resistivity
measurements with magnetic fields applied parallel and perpendicular to the Mg
and B sheets reveal the anisotropic nature of this compound, with upper
critical field anisotropy ratio of about 2.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4973 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of the magnetic anisotropy of nanometer-sized Co clusters:


  We study the magnetic properties of spherical Co clusters with diameters
between 0.8 nm and 5.4 nm (25 to 7500$ atoms) prepared by sequential sputtering
of Co and Al2O3. The particle size distribution has been determined from the
equilibrium susceptibility and magnetization data and it is compared to
previous structural characterizations. The distribution of activation energies
was independently obtained from a scaling plot of the ac susceptibility.
Combining these two distributions we have accurately determined the effective
anisotropy constant Keff. We find that Keff is enhanced with respect to the
bulk value and that it is dominated by a strong anisotropy induced at the
surface of the clusters. Interactions between the magnetic moments of adjacent
layers are shown to increase the effective activation energy barrier for the
reversal of the magnetic moments. Finally, this reversal is shown to proceed
classically down to the lowest temperature investigated (1.8 K).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128317 </DOCNO>
The Kramers-Heisenberg Formula and the Gunn-Peterson Trough from the


  Recent cosmological observations indicate that the reionized universe may
have started at around z=6, where a significant suppression around Ly alpha has
been observed from the neutral intergalactic medium. The associated neutral
hydrogen column density is expected to exceed 10^{21}cm^{-2}},where it is very
important to use the accurate scattering cross section known as the
Kramers-Heisenberg formula that is obtained from the fully quantum mechanical
time-dependent second order perturbation theory. We present the
Kramers-Heisenberg formula and compare it with the formula introduced in a
heuristic way by Peebles (1993) treating the hydrogen atom as a two-level atom,
from which we find a devitaion by a factor of two in the red wing region far
from the line center. Adopting simple cosmological models, we compute the
Gunn-Peterson optical depths and the trough profiles. Our results are compared
with the works performed by Madau & Rees (2000), who adopted the cross section
introduced by Peebles. We find deviations up to 5 per cent in the Gunn-Peterson
transmission coefficient for an accelerated expanding universe in the red
off-resonance wing part with the rest wavelength Delta_lambda~10{AA}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123523 </DOCNO>
Can Geometric Test Probe the Cosmic Equation of State ?


  Feasibility of the geometric test as a probe of the cosmic equation of state
of the dark energy is discussed assuming the future 2dF QSO sample. We examine
sensitivity of the QSO two-point correlation functions, which are theoretically
computed incorporating the light-cone effect and the redshift distortions, as
well as the nonlinear effect, to a bias model whose evolution is
phenomenologically parameterized. It is shown that the correlation functions
are sensitive on a mean amplitude of the bias and not to the speed of the
redshift evolution. We will also demonstrate that an optimistic geometric test
could suffer from confusion that a signal from the cosmological model can be
confused with that from a stochastic character of the bias.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73706 </DOCNO>
Deconfinement at N>2: SU(N) Georgi-Glashow model in 2+1 dimensions


  We analyse the deconfining phase transition in the SU(N) Georgi-Glashow model
in 2+1 dimensions. We show that the phase transition is second order for any N,
and the universality class is different from the Z(N) invariant Villain model.
At large N the conformal theory describing the fixed point is a deformed
SU(N)_1 WZNW model which has N-1 massless fields. It is therefore likely that
its self-dual infrared fixed point is described by the Fateev-Zamolodchikov
theory of Z(N) parafermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126146 </DOCNO>
Near Infrared Faint Galaxies in the Subaru Deep Field: Comparing the


  Galaxy counts in the K band, (J-K)-colors, and apparent size distributions of
faint galaxies in the Subaru Deep Field (SDF) down to K~24.5 were studied in
detail. Special attention has been paid to take into account various selection
effects including the cosmological dimming of surface brightness, to avoid any
systematic bias which may be the origin of controversy in previously published
results. We also tried to be very careful about systematic model uncertainties;
we present a comprehensive surveys of these systematic uncertainties and
dependence on various parameters. We found that the pure luminosity evolution
(PLE) model is well consistent with all the SDF data down to K~22.5, without
any evidence for number or size evolution in a low-density, Lambda-dominated
flat universe which is now favored by various cosmological observations. If the
popular Lambda-dominated universe is taken for granted, our result then gives a
strong constraint on the number evolution of giant elliptical or early-type
galaxies to z~1-2 which must be met by any models in the hierarchically
clustering universe, since such galaxies are the dominant population in this
magnitude range (K<~22.5). In the fainter magnitude range of K>~22.5, we found
a slight excess of observed counts over the prediction of the PLE model when
elliptical galaxies are treated as a single population. We suggest that this
discrepancy reflects some number evolution of dwarf galaxies and/or the
distinct populations of giant and dwarf elliptical galaxies which have been
known for local elliptical galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126046 </DOCNO>
Sulfur, Chlorine, & Argon Abundances in Planetary Nebulae. I:


  This paper is the first of a series specifically studying the abundances of
sulfur, chlorine, and argon in Type II planetary nebulae (PNe) in the Galactic
disk. Ratios of S/O, Cl/O, and Ar/O constitute important tests of differential
nucleosynthesis of these elements and serve as strict constraints on massive
star yield predictions. We present new ground-based optical spectra extending
from 3600-9600 Angstroms for a sample of 19 Type II northern PNe. This range
includes the strong near infrared lines of [S III] 9069,9532, which allows us
to test extensively their effectiveness as sulfur abundance indicators. We also
introduce a new, model-tested ionization correction factor for sulfur. For the
present sample, we find average values of S/O=1.2E-2(+/- 0.71E-2),
Cl/O=3.3E-4(+/- 1.6E-4), and Ar/O=5.0E-3(+/- 1.9E-3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127973 </DOCNO>
The Masses, Ancestors and Descendents of Extremely Red Objects:


  Wide field near-IR surveys have revealed a population of galaxies with very
red optical-IR colors, which have been termed ``Extremely Red Objects'' (EROs).
Modeling suggests that such red colors (R-K > 5) could be produced by galaxies
at z>1 with either very old stellar populations or very high dust extinction.
Recently it has been discovered that EROs are strongly clustered. Are these
objects the high redshift progenitors of present day giant ellipticals? Are
they already massive at this epoch? Are they the descendents of the z~3 Lyman
Break Galaxies (LBG), which have also been identified as high redshift
progenitors of giant ellipticals? We address these questions within the
framework of the Cold Dark Matter paradigm using an analytic model that
connects the number density and clustering or bias of an observed population
with the halo occupation function (the number of observed galaxies per halo of
a given mass). We find that EROs reside in massive dark matter halos, with
average mass <M> > 1.E13/h Msun. The occupation function that we derive for
EROs is very similar to the one we derive for z=0, L>L_* early-type galaxies.
This suggests that EROs may have evolved into present-day giant ellipticals
with very little merging. In contrast, the occupation function for LBGs is
skewed towards much smaller host halo masses (<M> ~ (1.E11 - 1.E12) / h Msun),
suggesting that either these objects are the progenitors of less massive
galaxies, or else experience considerable mass growth by merging in the
interim.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85707 </DOCNO>
On quantum analogues of p-brane black holes


  In a multidimensional model with several scalar fields and an m-form we deal
with classical spherically symmetric solutions with one (electric or magnetic)
p-brane and Ricci-flat internal spaces and the corresponding solutions to the
Wheeler--DeWitt (WDW) equation. Classical black holes are considered and their
quantum analogues (e.g. for M2 and M5 extremal solutions in D =11 supergravity,
electric and magnetic charges in D=4 gravity) are suggested when the curvature
coupling in the WDW equation is zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98910 </DOCNO>
The topological Blaschke conjecture I: great circle fibrations of


  We construct an explicit diffeomorphism taking any fibration of a sphere by
great circles into the Hopf fibration. We use pure geometry, and no topology,
to carry out the construction--indeed the diffeomorphism is a local
(differential) invariant, algebraic in derivatives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125174 </DOCNO>
Optimization of grazing incidence mirrors and its application to


  Grazing incidence mirrors for X-ray astronomy are usually designed in the
parabola-hyperbola (Wolter I) configuration. This design allows for optimal
images on-axis, which however degrade rapidly with the off-axis angle. Mirror
surfaces described by polynomia (with terms higher than order two), have been
put forward to improve the performances over the field of view. Here we present
a refined procedure aimed at optimizing wide-field grazing incidence telescopes
for X-ray astronomy. We improve the angular resolution over existing
(wide-field) designs by ~ 20%. We further consider the corrections for the
different plate scale and focal plane curvature of the mirror shells, which
sharpen by another ~ 20% the image quality. This results in a factor of ~ 2
reduction in the observing time needed to achieve the same sensitivity over
existing wide-field designs and of ~ 5 over Wolter I telescopes. We demonstrate
that such wide-field X-ray telescopes are highly advantageous for deep surveys
of the X-ray sky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168073 </DOCNO>
Quantum Template Matching


  We consider the quantum analogue of the pattern matching problem, which
consists of classifying a given unknown system according to certain predefined
pattern classes. We address the problem of quantum template matching in which
each pattern class ${\cal C}_i$ is represented by a known quantum state $\hat
g_i$ called a template state, and our task is to find a template which
optimally matches a given unknown quantum state $\hat f$. We set up a precise
formulation of this problem in terms of the optimal strategy for an associated
quantum Bayesian inference problem. We then investigate various examples of
quantum template matching for qubit systems, considering the effect of allowing
a finite number of copies of the input state $\hat f$. We compare quantum
optimal matching strategies and semiclassical strategies and demonstrate an
entanglement assisted enhancement of performance in the general quantum optimal
strategy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126488 </DOCNO>
Limits on Pulsar Parameters for Pulsed detections with H.E.S.S


  The non-detection of pulsed sub-TeV gamma-rays from EGRET pulsars proves that
the EGRET pulsed spectra of all gamma-ray pulsars should terminate at energies
below a few hundred GeV. The spectrum of a typical integrated pulse profile
predicted by the polar cap model resemble typically a hard component, followed
by a super exponential cutoff between 1 MeV (PSR B1509-58) and tens of GeV
(e.g. Crab, PSR B1951+32 etc). Using a topological trigger for the H.E.S.S.
Telescope System in the non-imaging mode, we show that H.E.S.S. should be able
to detect pulsed emission from PSR B1706-44 within a few hours if the cutoff
energy is above 30 GeV as suggested by EGRET observations. The recently
detected radio pulsar PSR J1837-0604 (pulsar period: 96 ms) associated with the
unidentified EGRET source GeV J1837-06010 should also be detectable within a
few hours if the source is pulsed and if its cutoff is similar to that of PSR
B1706-44. H.E.S.S. should even be able to image middle-aged, low-multiplicity
pulsars for which the mean photon energy is expected to be well above 10 GeV.
Such observations should provide important constraints on the final
evolutionary status of gamma-ray pulsars and millisecond pulsars in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86635 </DOCNO>
Enlarged geometries of gauge bundles


  The geometrical picture of gauge theories must be enlarged when a gauge
potential ceases to behave like a connection, as it does in electroweak
interactions. When the gauge group has dimension four, the vector space
isomorphism between spacetime and the gauge algebra is realized by a
tetrad-like field. The object measuring the deviation from a strict bundle
structure has the formal behavior of a spacetime connection, of which the
deformed gauge field-strength is the torsion. A generalized derivative emerges
in terms of which the two Bianchi identities are formally recovered. Effects of
gravitational type turn up. The dynamical equations obtained correspond to a
broken gauge model on a curved spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148582 </DOCNO>
Gauge-Invariant Couplings of Noncommutative Branes to Ramond-Ramond


  We derive the couplings of noncommutative D-branes to spatially varying
Ramond-Ramond fields, extending our earlier results in hep-th/0009101. These
couplings are expressed in terms of *n products of operators involving open
Wilson lines. Equivalence of the noncommutative to the commutative couplings
implies interesting identities as well as an expression for the Seiberg-Witten
map that was previously conjectured. We generalise our couplings to include
transverse scalars, thereby obtaining a Seiberg-Witten map relating commutative
and noncommutative descriptions of these scalars. RR couplings for unstable
non-BPS branes are also proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81241 </DOCNO>
Lowest eigenvalues of the Dirac operator for two color QCD at finite


  We investigate the eigenvalue spectrum of the staggered Dirac matrix in full
QCD with two colors and finite chemical potential. Along the strong-coupling
axis up to the temperature phase transition, the low-lying Dirac spectrum is
well described by random matrix theory (RMT) and exhibits universal behavior.
The situation is discussed in the chirally symmetric phase and no universality
is seen for the microscopic spectral density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41697 </DOCNO>
Rare and Hadronic B decays with CLEO


  Based on the CLEO II and II.5 data sets CLEO has observed several new rare
and hadronic B decays and also updated the b->s+gamma measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127812 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic H2O Masers


  Study of extragalactic H2O masers has progressed significantly in the 25
years since their discovery. Existing in star forming regions and in the
accretion disks supermassive black holes, they are familiar and unfamiliar at
the same time. A review of how our understanding has grown, up to the present
day, is followed by comments on future prospects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126187 </DOCNO>
Neutron-Capture Element Abundances and Cosmochronometry


  Abundance ratios of radioactive to stable neutron-capture elements in very
metal-poor stars may be used to estimate the age of our Galaxy. But extracting
accurate ages from these data requires continuing work on many fronts: a)
identification of more low metallicity stars with neutron-capture element
excesses; b) acquisition of the best high resolution stellar spectra; c)
improvement in neutron-capture element transition probabilities; d) calculation
of more realistic nuclear models for, and interactions among the heaviest
elements; and e) and more self-consistent production predictions for these
elements in supernovae. This review discusses several of these areas and makes
suggestions about how to improve the accuracy of Galactic cosmochronometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86169 </DOCNO>
Seeing double: strong gravitational lensing of high-redshift supernovae


  With the advent of large, deep surveys, the observation of a strongly
gravitationally lensed supernova becomes increasingly likely. High-redshift
surveys continue apace, with a handful of type Ia supernovae observed to date
at redshifts of one or greater. In addition, a satellite (the
Supernova/Acceleration Probe [SNAP]) has been proposed dedicated to observing
thousands of supernovae per year out to a redshift of 1.7. Although it is
exceedingly unlikely that we will see a multiply-imaged supernova from ongoing
surveys, we find that SNAP would observe at least eight such events per year.
Since having a standard candle is inessential to most lensing studies, SNAP's
large sample of type II supernovae contributes to this rate. Each case of
strong lensing allows for a precise determination of time delays, image
separations, and relative image magnifications, and the SNAP strong-lensing
database will offer measures of $\Omega_m$, $\Omega_\Lambda$, and $H_0$,
independent of SNAP's primary goal of establishing the distance-redshift
relation. These systems also constrain models for the matter density profiles
of galaxies and clusters. Furthermore, lensed type Ia supernovae afford the
opportunity to break the mass-sheet degeneracy found in many lensing
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127112 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Metallicities and Cluster Cooling Flows


  The theme of this contribution is the idea that the metals in the
intracluster medium (ICM) may be inhomogeneously distributed on small scales.
We focus on the possible interplay between this and the cooling flow process.
We begin with a brief review of some evidence for a patchy distribution of
metals in the ICM. Next we outline a simple numerical model for this within the
framework of the cooling flow hypothesis. Finally we present some of our recent
results on the presence of gradients in the observed abundance profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77009 </DOCNO>
Pi and PiPi Decays of Excited D Mesons


  The $\pi$ and $\pi\pi$ decay widths of the excited charm mesons are
calculated using a Hamiltonian model within the framework of the covariant
Blankenbecler-Sugar equation. The pion-light constituent quark coupling is
described by the chiral pseudovector Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 135 </DOCNO>
A Cluster Monte Carlo Algorithm for 2-Dimensional Spin Glasses


  A new Monte Carlo algorithm for 2-dimensional spin glasses is presented. The
use of clusters makes possible global updates and leads to a gain in speed of
several orders of magnitude. As an example, we study the 2-dimensional +/-J
Edwards-Anderson model. The new algorithm allows us to equilibrate systems of
size 100^2 down to temperature T = 0.1. Our main result is that the correlation
length diverges as an exponential and not as a power law as T -> Tc = 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129236 </DOCNO>
The Size of IDV Jet Cores


  Radio variability on timescales from a few hours to several days in
extragalactic flat-spectrum radio sources is generally classified as intra-day
variability (IDV). The origin of this short term variability is still
controversial and both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms must be considered
and may both contribute to the observed variations. The measured linear and
circular polarization of IDV sources constrains the low energy end of the
electron population. Any population of cold electrons within sources at or
above the equipartition temperature of 10^11 K depolarizes the emission and can
be ruled out. Intrinsic shock models are shown to either violate the large
fraction of sources displaying IDV or they do not relax the light travel time
argument for intrinsic variations. From structure function analysis, we further
conclude that interstellar scintillation also leads to tight size estimates
unless a very local cloud in the ISM is responsible for IDV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129496 </DOCNO>
Fe K\alpha emission from photoionized slabs: the impact of the iron


  Iron K\alpha emission from photoionized and optically thick material is
observed in a variety of astrophysical environments including X-ray binaries,
active galactic nuclei, and possibly gamma-ray bursts. This paper presents
calculations showing how the equivalent width (EW) of the Fe K line depends on
the iron abundance of the illuminated gas and its ionization state -- two
variables subject to significant cosmic scatter. Reflection spectra from a
constant density slab which is illuminated with a power-law spectrum with
photon-index \Gamma are computed using the code of Ross & Fabian. When the Fe K
EW is measured from the reflection spectra alone, we find that it can reach
values greater than 6 keV if the Fe abundance is about 10 times solar and the
illuminated gas is neutral. EWs of about 1 keV are obtained when the gas is
ionized. In contrast, when the EW is measured from the incident+reflected
spectrum, the largest EWs are ~800 keV and are found when the gas is ionized.
When \Gamma is increased, the Fe K line generally weakens, but significant
emission can persist to larger ionization parameters. The iron abundance has
its greatest impact on the EW when it is less than 5 times solar. When the
abundance is further increased, the line strengthens only marginally.
Therefore, we conclude that Fe K lines with EWs much greater than 800 eV are
unlikely to be produced by gas with a supersolar Fe abundance. These results
should be useful in interpreting Fe K emission whenever it arises from
optically thick fluorescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6667 </DOCNO>
Absence of electron dephasing at zero temperature


  Dephasing of electrons due to the electron-electron interaction has recently
been the subject of a controversial debate, with different calculations
yielding mutually incompatible results. In this paper we prove, by means of
Ward identities, that neither a Coulomb interaction nor a short-ranged model
interaction can lead to phase breaking at zero temperature in spatial
dimensions d>2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174815 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Single and Double Spin-Flip Probabilities in Inelastic


  The deuteron single and double spin-flip probabilities, S1 and S2, have been
measured for the 12C(pol{d},pol{d}') reaction at Ed = 270 MeV for an excitation
energy range between 4 and 24 MeV and a scattering angular range between
Theta_lab = 2.5 and 7.5 deg. The extracted S1 exhibits characteristic values
depending on the structure of the excited state. The S2 is close to zero over
the measured excitation energy range. The SFP angular distribution data for the
2+ (4.44 MeV) and 1+ (12.71 MeV) states are well described by the microscopic
DWIA calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149529 </DOCNO>
On Spin(7) holonomy metric based on SU(3)/U(1)


  We investigate the $Spin(7)$ holonomy metric of cohomogeneity one with the
principal orbit $SU(3)/U(1)$. A choice of U(1) in the two dimensional Cartan
subalgebra is left as free and this allows manifest $\Sigma_3=W(SU(3))$ (= the
Weyl group) symmetric formulation. We find asymptotically locally conical (ALC)
metrics as octonionic gravitational instantons. These ALC metrics have orbifold
singularities in general, but a particular choice of the U(1) subgroup gives a
new regular metric of $Spin(7)$ holonomy. Complex projective space ${\bf
CP}(2)$ that is a supersymmetric four-cycle appears as a singular orbit. A
perturbative analysis of the solution near the singular orbit shows an evidence
of a more general family of ALC solutions. The global topology of the manifold
depends on a choice of the U(1) subgroup. We also obtain an $L^2$-normalisable
harmonic 4-form in the background of the ALC metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86122 </DOCNO>
Pulsars and Redshifts


  Gravitational redshifts of neutron stars have a theoretical upper limit of
z=0.62. Also, it is generally believed that neutron stars have magnetic fields
on the order of ten to the twelfth to ten to the thirteenth G. A previously
predicted electromagnetic time dilation effect has been shown to correctly
predict decay lifetimes of muons bound to atomic nuclei. In this paper it is
shown that the electromagnetic time dilation effect, along with the
gravitational time dilation effect, can produce total neutron star redshifts
that are substantially larger than 0.62. For instance, the redshift can cutoff
radiation for B on the order of ten to the thirteenth G. Consequently, we can
have a neutron star that is unobservable except for localized surface regions
where the cutoff condition does not hold. Assuming coherent radiation, a
surface region of this kind that does not include the star's rotation axis will
emit a lighthouse type beam. Since the magnetic field in these regions will
usually be strong enough to cause significant redshifts, and there is no reason
to expect these regions to always be of constant size, shape, or field
strength, this model explains the predominance of radio waves, and the
existence of pulse variations, (e.g. nulling and drifting) in pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74775 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Anomalies in Gauge Mediated Model with Trilinear R violation


  The structure of neutrino masses and mixing resulting from trilinear $R$
violating interactions is studied in the presence of the gauge mediated
supersymmetry breaking. Neutrino masses arise in this model at tree level
through the RG-induced vacuum expectation values of the sneutrinos and also
through direct contribution at 1-loop. The relative importance of these
contributions is determined by the values of the strong and weak coupling
constants. In case of purely $\lambda'$ couplings, the tree contribution
dominates over the 1-loop diagram. In this case, one simultaneously obtains
atmospheric neutrino oscillations and quasi-vacuum oscillations of the solar
neutrinos if all the $\l'$ couplings are assumed to be of similar magnitudes.
If R parity violation arises from the trilinear $\l$ couplings, then the loop
induced contribution dominates over the tree level. One cannot simultaneously
explain the solar and atmospheric deficit in this case if all the $\l$
couplings are of similar magnitude. This however becomes possible with
hierarchical $\l$ and we give a specific example of this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76782 </DOCNO>
Application of heavy-quark effective theory to lattice QCD: III.


  We apply heavy-quark effective theory (HQET) to separate long- and
short-distance effects of heavy quarks in lattice gauge theory. In this paper
we focus on flavor-changing currents that mediate transitions from one heavy
flavor to another. We stress differences in the formalism for heavy-light
currents, which are discussed in a companion paper, showing how HQET provides a
systematic matching procedure. We obtain one-loop results for the matching
factors of lattice currents, needed for heavy-quark phenomenology, such as the
calculation of zero-recoil form factors for the semileptonic decays $B\to
D^{(*)}l\nu$. Results for the Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie scale $q^*$ are also
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85690 </DOCNO>
Quantum algebraic representation of localization and motion of a Dirac


  Quantum algebraic observables representing localization in space-time of a
Dirac electron are defined. Inertial motion of the electron is represented in
the quantum algebra with electron mass acting as the generator of motion. Since
transformations to uniformly accelerated frames are naturally included in this
conformally invariant description, the quantum algebra is also able to deal
with uniformly accelerated motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2894 </DOCNO>
Unique construction of a dispersion relation from an arbitrary density


  The dispersion relations of energy bands in solids are characterized by their
density of states, but a given density of states may originate from various
band structures. We show how a spherically symmetric dispersion can be uniquely
constructed for any one-band density of states. This method is applied to one-,
two- and three-dimensional systems. It also serves to establish that any
one-band spectrum with finite bandwidth can be obtained from a properly scaled
dispersion relation in the limit of infinite dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75548 </DOCNO>
Unconventional low-energy SUSY from warped geometry


  Supersymmetric models with a warped fifth spatial dimension can solve the
hierarchy problem, avoiding some shortcomings of non-supersymmetric
constructions, and predict a plethora of new phenomena at typical scales Lambda
not far from the electroweak scale (Lambda ~ a few TeV). In this paper we
derive the low-energy effective theories of these models, valid at energies
below Lambda. We find that, in general, such effective theories can deviate
significantly from the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) or other
popular extensions of it, like the NMSSM: they have non-minimal Kaehler
potentials (even in the Mp -> \infty limit), and the radion is coupled to the
visible fields, both in the superpotential and the Kaehler potential, in a
non-trivial (and quite model-independent) fashion. The corresponding
phenomenology is pretty unconventional, in particular the electroweak breaking
occurs in a non-radiative way, with tan beta \simeq 1 as a quite robust
prediction, while the mass of the lightest Higgs boson can be as high as ~ 700
GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73508 </DOCNO>
Stability of Massive Cosmological Gravitons


  We analyze the physics of massive spin 2 fields in (A)dS backgrounds and
exhibit that: The theory is stable only for masses m^2 >= 2\Lambda/3, where the
conserved energy associated with the background timelike Killing vector is
positive, while the instability for m^2<2\Lambda/3 is traceable to the helicity
0 energy. The stable, unitary, partially massless theory at m^2=2\Lambda/3
describes 4 propagating degrees of freedom, corresponding to helicities
(+/-2,+/-1) but contains no 0 helicity excitation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149573 </DOCNO>
Five-Dimensional Warped Geometry with a Bulk Scalar Field


  We explore the diversity of warped metric function in five-dimensional
gravity including a scalar field and a 3-brane.
  We point out that the form of the function is determined by a parameter
introduced here.
  For a particular value of the parameter, the warped metric function is smooth
without having a singularity, and we show that the bulk cosmological constant
have a upper bound and must be positive and that the lower bound of
five-dimensional fundamental scale is controlled by both the brane tension and
four-dimensional effective Planck scale.
  The general warp factor obtained here may relate to models inspired by SUGRA
or M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75358 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Threshold Production at a gamma-gamma Collider at


  The next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to top quark
threshold pair production in gamma-gamma collisions are computed. The NNLO
effects turn out to be significant. Threshold cross sections in gamma-gamma and
e+e- collisions are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 669 </DOCNO>
A Hopf bifurcation with a strong incommensurate frequency response in


  The behavior of delta-doped wide quantum well heterostructures in the
presence of intense far-infrared radiation is studied using semiconductor Bloch
equations. A quantum well is designed where one can either obtain a strong
subharmonic (period-doubling) or a strong incommensurate (Hopf) frequency
response by varying the sheet density and field strength. These strong
responses are easily attainable with current quantum well technology and the
field amplitudes and frequencies of the drive are well within the range of the
free electron laser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3609 </DOCNO>
Electron scattering on circular symmetric magnetic profiles in a


  The quasi-bound and scattered states in a 2DEG subjected to a circular
symmetric steplike magnetic profile with zero average magnetic field are
studied. We calculate the effect of a random distribution of such identical
profiles on the transport properties of a 2DEG. We show that a nonzero Hall
resistance can be obtained, although $<B_{z} >=0$, and that in some cases it
can even change sign as function of the Fermi energy or the magnetic field
strength. The Hall and magnetoresistance show pronounced resonances apart from
the Landau states of the inner core, corresponding to the so-called quasi-bound
snake orbit states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4918 </DOCNO>
Large-scale simulation of adhesion dynamics for end-graphed polymers


  The adhesion between a polymer melt and substrate is studied in the presence
of chemically attached chains on the substrate surface. Extensive molecular
dynamics simulations have been carried out to study the effect of temperature,
tethered chain areal density ($\Sigma$), tethered chain length ($N_{t}$), chain
bending energy ($k_{\theta}$) and tensile pull velocity ($v$) on the adhesive
failure mechanisms of pullout and/or scission of the tethered chains. We
observe a crossover from pure chain pullout to chain scission as $N_{t}$ is
increased. Below the glass transition, the value of $N_{t}$ for which this
crossover begins approaches the bulk entanglement length $N_{e}$. For the
values of $N_{t}$ and $\Sigma$ used here, no crossover to crazing is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1708 </DOCNO>
Modification of the standard model for the lanthanides


  We show that incorporation of strong electron correlations into the Kohn-Sham
scheme of band structure calculations leads to a modification of the standard
model of the lanthanides and that this procedure removes the existing
discrepancy between theory and experiment concerning the ground state
properties. Within the picture suggested, part of the upper Hubbard $f$-band is
occupied due to conduction band-$f$-mixing interaction (that is renormalized
due to correlations) and this contributes to the cohesive energy of the
crystal. The lower Hubbard band has zero width and describes fermionic
excitations in the shell of localized $f$-s. Fully self-consistent calculations
(with respect to both charge density and many-electron population numbers of
the $f$-shell) of the equilibrium volume $V_0$ and the bulk modulus of selected
lanthanides have been performed and a good agreement is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72610 </DOCNO>
Coherent Exclusive Exponentiation of 2f Processes in e+e- Annihilation


  In the talk we present the Coherent Exclusive Exponentiation (CEEX) which is
implemented in the KK MC event generator for the process e+e- to f bar f +n
gamma, f=mu,tau,d,u,s,c,b for center of mass energies from tau lepton threshold
to 1TeV, that is for LEP1, LEP2, SLC, future Linear Colliders,
b,c,tau-factories etc. We will attempt a short discussion of the theoretical
concepts necessary in our approach, in particular the relations between the
rigorous calculation of spin amplitudes (perturbation expansion), phase space
parametrisation and exponentiation. In CEEX effects due to photon emission from
the initial beams and outgoing fermions are calculated in QED up to
second-order, including all interference effects. Electroweak corrections are
included in first-order, at the amplitude level. The beams can be polarised
longitudinally and transversely, and all spin correlations are incorporated in
an exact manner. Precision predictions, in particular the photon emission at
LEP2 energies, are also shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75545 </DOCNO>
CP violation and matter effect in long-baseline neutrino oscillation in


  We investigate the CP violation effect and the matter effect in the
long-baseline neutrino oscillations in the four-neutrino model with mass scheme
of the two pairs of two close masses separated by a gap of the order of 1 eV by
using the constraints on the mixing matrix derived from the solar neutrino
deficit, atmospheric neutrino anomaly, LSND experiments, and the other
terrestrial neutrino oscillation experiments. We also use the results of the
combined analyses by Gonzalez-Garcia, Maltoni, and Pe\~na-Garay of the
solutions to the solar and atmospheric neutrino problems with the recent SNO
solar neutrino data. For the solution of close-to-active solar neutrino
oscillations plus close-to-sterile atmospheric neutrino oscillations, the pure
CP violation part of the oscillation probability difference between the
CP-conjugate channels could attain as large as $0.10-0.25$ in the neutrino
energy range of $E = 6-15$ GeV at the baseline $L = 730$ km for
$\nu_\mu\to\nu_\tau$ oscillation, and the matter effect is at the $8-15%$ level
of the pure CP violation effect, while for the solution of near-pure-sterile
solar neutrino oscillations plus near-pure-active atmospheric neutrino
oscillations, the pure CP violation effect in $\Delta P(\nu_\mu\to\nu_\tau)$ is
very small $(\sim 0.01)$ and is comparable to the matter effect. For
$\nu_\mu\to\nu_e$ oscillation, the pure CP violation effect is independent of
the active-sterile admixture and is at most 0.05 in $E = 1.5-3$ GeV at $L =
290$ km and the matter effect is at the $15-30%$ level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123901 </DOCNO>
Measuring the galaxy power spectrum with multiresolution decomposition


  The power spectrum estimator based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT)
for 3-dimensional samples has been studied. The DWT estimator for
multi-dimensional samples provides two types of spectra with respect to
diagonal and off-diagonal modes, which are very flexible to deal with
configuration-related problems in the power spectrum detection. With simulation
samples and mock catalogues of the Las Campanas redshift survey (LCRS), we show
(1) the slice-like geometry of the LCRS doesn't affect the off-diagonal power
spectrum with ``slice-like'' mode; (2) the Poisson sampling with the LCRS
selection function doesn't cause more than 1-$\sigma$ error in the DWT power
spectrum; and (3) the powers of peculiar velocity fluctuations, which cause the
redshift distortion, are approximately scale-independent. These results insure
that the uncertainties of the power spectrum measurement are under control. The
scatter of the DWT power spectra of the six strips of the LCRS survey is found
to be rather small. It is less than 1-$\sigma$ of the cosmic variance of mock
samples in the wavenumber range $0.1 < k < 2$ h Mpc$^{-1}$. To fit the detected
LCRS diagonal DWT power spectrum with CDM models, we find that the best-fitting
redshift distortion parameter $\beta$ is about the same as that obtained from
the Fourier power spectrum. The velocity dispersions $\sigma_v$ for SCDM and
$\Lambda$CDM models are also consistent with other $\sigma_v$ detections with
the LCRS. A systematic difference between the best-fitting parameters of
diagonal and off-diagonal power spectra has been significantly measured. This
indicates that the off-diagonal power spectra are capable of providing
information about the power spectrum of galaxy velocity field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149086 </DOCNO>
Star Products from Open Strings in Curved Backgrounds


  We define a non-commutative product for arbitrary gauge and B-field
backgrounds in terms of correlation functions of open strings. While off-shell
correlations are, of course, not conformally invariant, it turns out that, at
least to first derivative order, our product has the trace property and is
associative up to surface terms if the background fields are put on-shell. No
on-shell conditions for the inserted functions are needed, but it is essential
to include the full contribution of the Born-Infeld measure. We work with a
derivative expansion and avoid any topological limit, which would effectively
constrain $H$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149742 </DOCNO>
Non-planar double-box, massive and massless pentabox Feynman integrals


  Negative dimensional integration method (NDIM) is a technique which can be
applied, with success, in usual covariant gauge calculations. We consider three
two-loop diagrams: the scalar massless non-planar double-box with six
propagators and the scalar pentabox in two cases, where six virtual particles
have the same mass and in the case where all of them are massless. Our results
are given in terms hypergeometric functions of Mandelstam variables and for
arbitrary exponents of propagators and dimension $D$ as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148111 </DOCNO>
String Webs from Field Theory


  The spectrum of stable electrically and magnetically charged supersymmetric
particles can change discontinuously as one changes the vacuum on the Coulomb
branch of gauge theories with extended supersymmetry in four dimensions. We
show that this decay process can be understood and is well described by
semiclassical field configurations purely in terms of the low energy effective
action on the Coulomb branch even when it occurs at strong coupling. The
resulting picture of the stable supersymmetric spectrum is a generalization of
the ``string web'' picture of these states found in string constructions for
certain theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179607 </DOCNO>
Novel Methods for Determining Effective Interactions for the Nuclear


  The Contractor Renormalization (CORE) method is applied in combination with
modern effective-theory techniques to the nuclear many-body problem. A
one-dimensional--yet ``realistic''--nucleon-nucleon potential is introduced to
test these novel ideas. It is found that the magnitude of ``model-space''
(CORE) corrections diminishes considerably when an effective potential that
eliminates the hard-momentum components of the potential is first introduced.
As a result, accurate predictions for the ground-state energy of the there-body
system are made with relatively little computational effort when both
techniques are used in a complementary fashion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124402 </DOCNO>
Failed optical afterglows


  While all but one Gamma-Ray Bursts observed in the X-ray band showed an X-ray
afterglow, about 60 per cent of them have not been detected in the optical
band. We show that this is not due to adverse observing conditions. We then
investigate the hypothesis that the failure of detecting the optical afterglow
is due to absorption at the source location. We find that this is a marginally
viable interpretation, but only if the X-ray burst and afterglow emission and
the possible optical/UV flash do not destroy the dust responsible for
absorption in the optical band. If dust is efficiently destroyed, we are led to
conclude that bursts with no detected optical afterglow are intrinsically
different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123699 </DOCNO>
Light Propagation in Inhomogeneous Universes II. Cosmological Parameter


  Using a multiple-lens plane algorithm, we study light propagation in
inhomogeneous universes, for 43 different COBE-normalized Cold Dark Matter
models, with various values of the density parameter Omega_0, cosmological
constant lambda_0, Hubble constant H_0, and rms density fluctuation sigma_8.
This is the largest cosmological parameter survey ever done in this field. We
performed a total of 3,798 experiments, each experiment consisting of
propagating a square beam of angular size 21.9'' x 21.9'' composed of 116,281
light rays from the observer up to redshift z=3. These experiments provide
statistics of the magnification, shear, and multiple imaging of distant
sources. The results of these experiments can be compared with observations,
and eventually help constraining the possible values of the cosmological
parameters. Additionally, they provide insight into the gravitational lensing
process and its complex relationship with the various cosmological parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124335 </DOCNO>
Observations and theoretical models of gamma-ray bursts


  GRBs have remained a puzzle for many high-energy astrophysicists since their
discovery in 1967. With the advent of the X-ray satellites BeppoSAX and
RossiXTE, it has been possible to carry out deep multi-wavelength observations
of the counterparts associated with the long GRBs class just within a few hours
of occurence, thanks to the observation of the fading X-ray emission that
follows the more energetic gamma-ray photons once the GRB event has ended. The
fact that this emission (the afterglow) extends at longer wavelengths, has led
to the discovery optical/IR/radio counterparts in 1997-2000, greatly improving
our understanding of these sources. Now it is widely accepted that GRBs
originate at cosmological distances with energie releases of 10^51-10^53 ergs.
About 25 host galaxies have been detected so far for long-duration GRBs. The
observed afterglow satisfies the predictions of the "standard" relativistic
fireball model, and the central engines that power these extraordinary events
are thought to be the collapse of massive stars rather than the merging of
compact objects as previously also suggested. Short GRBs still remain a mystery
as no counterparts have been detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98551 </DOCNO>
Connection with torsion, parallel spinors and geometry of Spin(7)


  We show that on every Spin(7) manifold there always exists a unique linear
connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion preserving a nontrivial spinor
and the Spin(7) structure. We express its torsion and the Riemannian scalar
curvature in terms of the fundamental 4-form. We present an explicit formula
for the Riemannian covariant derivative of the fundamental 4-form in terms of
its exterior differential. We show the vanishing of the (\hat)-A genus and
obtain a linear relation between Betti numbers of a compact Spin(7) manifolds
which are locally but not globally conformally equivalent to a space with
closed fundamental 4-form. A general solution to the Killing spinor equations
is presented

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125560 </DOCNO>
OPTICON: EC Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy


  OPTICON, the ICN Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy, brings
together for the first time the operators of all Europe's medium to large
optical-infrared telescopes, the largest corresponding data archives, and
several user representatives. The OPTICON partners work with their communities
to identify those major challenges for the future development of European
optical-infrared astronomy which require Europe-wide collaboration. OPTICON
sponsors and coordinates developments towards these goals, involving the entire
astronomical community through workshops and meetings targeted towards these
agreed common goals of general importance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4473 </DOCNO>
T_c for homogeneous dilute Bose gases: a second-order result


  The transition temperature for a dilute, homogeneous, three-dimensional Bose
gas has the expansion T_c = T_0 {1 + c_1 a n^(1/3) + [c_2' ln(a n^(1/3)) +
c_2''] a^2 n^(2/3) + O(a^3 n)}, where a is the scattering length, n the number
density, and T_0 the ideal gas result. The first-order coefficient c_1 depends
on non-perturbative physics. In this paper, we show that the coefficient c_2'
can be computed perturbatively. We also show that the remaining second-order
coefficient c_2'' depends on non-perturbative physics but can be related, by a
perturbative calculation, to quantities that have previously been measured
using lattice simulations of three-dimensional O(2) scalar field theory. Making
use of those simulation results, we find T_c = T_0 {1 + (1.32+-0.02) a n^(1/3)
+ [19.7518 ln(a n^(1/3)) + (75.7+-0.4)] a^2 n^(2/3) + O(a^3 n)}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126501 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of G11.2-0.3: Implications for Pulsar Ages


  We present Chandra X-ray Observatory imaging observations of the young
Galactic supernova remnant G11.2-0.3. The image shows that the previously known
young 65-ms X-ray pulsar is at position (J2000) RA 18h 11m 29.22s, DEC -19o 25'
27.''6, with 1 sigma error radius 0.''6. This is within 8'' of the geometric
center of the shell. This provides strong confirming evidence that the system
is younger, by a factor of ~12, than the characteristic age of the pulsar. The
age discrepancy suggests that pulsar characteristic ages can be poor age
estimators for young pulsars. Assuming conventional spin down with constant
magnetic field and braking index, the most likely explanation for the age
discrepancy in G11.2-0.3 is that the pulsar was born with a spin period of ~62
ms. The Chandra image also reveals, for the first time, the morphology of the
pulsar wind nebula. The elongated hard-X-ray structure can be interpreted as
either a jet or a Crab-like torus seen edge on. This adds to the growing list
of highly aspherical pulsar wind nebulae and argues that such structures are
common around young pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128116 </DOCNO>
Orbital variability of the PSR J2051-0827 Binary System


  We have carried out high-precision timing measurements of the binary
millisecond pulsar PSR J2051$-$0827 with the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope
of the Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Radioastronomie and with the Lovell 76-m radio
telescope at Jodrell Bank. The 6.5-yrs radio timing measurements have revealed
a significant secular variation of the projected semi-major axis of the pulsar
at a rate of $\dot x\equiv d(a_{\rm 1} \sin i)/dt = (-0.23\pm 0.03)\times
10^{-12}$, which is probably caused by the Newtonian spin-orbit coupling in
this binary system leading to a precession of the orbital plane. The required
misalignment of the spin and orbital angular momenta of the companion are
evidence for an asymmetric supernova explosion. We have also confirmed that the
orbital period is currently decreasing at a rate of $\dot P_{\rm b}=(-15.5 \pm
0.8)\times 10^{-12}$s s$^{-1}$ and have measured second and third orbital
period derivatives $d^2P_{\rm b}/dt^2=(+2.1 \pm 0.3)\times 10^{-20} {\rm
s^{-1}}$ and $d^3P_{\rm b}/dt^3 =(3.6 \pm 0.6)\times 10^{-28} {\rm s^{-2}}$,
which indicate a quasi-cyclic orbital period variation similar to those found
in another eclipsing pulsar system, PSR B1957+20. The observed variation of the
orbital parameters constrains the maximal value of the companion radius to
$R_{\rm c max} \sim 0.06 R_{\odot}$ and implies that the companion is
underfilling its Roche lobe by 50 %. The derived variation in the quadrupole
moment of the companion is probably caused by tidal dissipation similar to the
mechanism proposed for PSR B1957+20. We conclude that the companion is at least
partially non-degenerate, convective and magnetically active.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85682 </DOCNO>
Spacetime Ehlers group: Transformation law for the Weyl tensor


  The spacetime Ehlers group, which is a symmetry of the Einstein vacuum field
equations for strictly stationary spacetimes, is defined and analyzed in a
purely spacetime context (without invoking the projection formalism). In this
setting, the Ehlers group finds its natural description within an infinite
dimensional group of transformations that maps Lorentz metrics into Lorentz
metrics and which may be of independent interest. The Ehlers group is shown to
be well defined independently of the causal character of the Killing vector
(which may become null on arbitrary regions). We analyze which global
conditions are required on the spacetime for the existence of the Ehlers group.
The transformation law for the Weyl tensor under Ehlers transformations is
explicitly obtained. This allows us to study where, and under which
circumstances, curvature singularities in the transformed spacetime will arise.
The results of the paper are applied to obtain a local characterization of the
Kerr-NUT metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74602 </DOCNO>
Model for fermion mass matrices and the origin of quark-lepton symmetry


  Several phenomenological features of fermion masses and mixings can be
accounted for by a simple model for fermion mass matrices, which suggests an
underlying U(2) horizontal symmetry. In this context, it is also proposed how
an approximate quark-lepton symmetry can be achieved without unified gauge
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125431 </DOCNO>
Mapping the Dark Matter through the CMB Damping Tail


  The lensing of CMB photons by intervening large-scale structure leaves a
characteristic imprint on its arcminute-scale anisotropy that can be used to
map the dark matter distribution in projection on degree scales or ~100 Mpc/h
comoving. We introduce a new algorithm for mass reconstruction which optimally
utilizes information from the weak lensing of CMB anisotropies in the damping
tail. It can ultimately map individual degree scale mass structures with high
signal-to-noise. To achieve this limit an experiment must produce a high
signal-to-noise, foreground-free CMB map of arcminute scale resolution,
specifically with a FWHM beam of < 5' and a noise level of < 15 (10^-6-arcmin)
or 41 (uK-arcmin).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150039 </DOCNO>
A Small Note on PP-Wave Vacua in 6 and 5 Dimensions


  We discuss Kowalski-Glikman type pp-wave solutions with unbroken
supersymmetry in 6 and 5 dimensional supergravity theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125710 </DOCNO>
Current Star Formation in Post-Starburst Galaxies?


  Radio continuum observations are a probe of star formation in galaxies, and
are unaffected by dust extinction. Observations of the distant rich cluster Cl
0939+4713 have detected radio galaxies classified as post-starburst (``k+a'')
on the basis of their optical spectra, and presumably this situation arises
from heavily dust-obscured star formation (Smail et al. 1999). We present the
results of a radio continuum survey of post-starburst galaxies identified from
the Las Campanas Redshift Survey by Zabludoff et al. (1996). This sample was
selected using very stringent criteria, and therefore provides an estimate on
the incidence of potential star formation in galaxies whose optical spectra
exhibit the strongest post-starburst features. We detected two of fifteen such
galaxies at radio luminosities consistent with moderate levels of star
formation. This result underscores the potential importance of dust extinction
when investigating star formation in galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97430 </DOCNO>
Correlation function of Schur process with application to local geometry


  Schur process is a time-dependent analog of the Schur measure on partitions
studied in math.RT/9907127. Our first result is that the correlation functions
of the Schur process are determinants with a kernel that has a nice contour
integral representation in terms of the parameters of the process. This general
result is then applied to a particular specialization of the Schur process,
namely to random 3-dimensional Young diagrams. The local geometry of a large
random 3-dimensional diagram is described in terms of a determinantal point
process on a 2-dimensional lattice with the incomplete beta function kernel
(which generalizes the discrete sine kernel). A brief discussion of the
universality of this answer concludes the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169155 </DOCNO>
Formalization of the distinguishability heuristics


  The distinguishability heuristics of quantum mechanics are formalized by the
postulate "The state of a quantum system uncorrelated with its exterior is
pure," or by the equivalent postulate "The state of the universe is pure."

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124110 </DOCNO>
Star clusterings in the Carina complex: UBVRI photometry of NGC 3324 and


  We report on UBVRI photometry of two $5^{\prime} \times 5^{\prime}$ fields in
the region of the young open cluster NGC 3324. One of our fields covers the
core region, while the other is closer to the tidal radius of the cluster. Our
study provides the first CCD photometry of NGC 3324. We find that the cluster
is very young and probably contains several pre Main Sequence (MS) stars. 25
members are identified on the basis of their position in the (U-B) vs (B-V)
diagram. We investigate the relation of the red super-giant HD 92207 with NGC
3324, suggesting that it probably does not belong to the cluster. Our second
field is close to Loden 165, a possible cluster of stars that has never been
studied so far. We show that this object is a probable open cluster, much older
than NGC 3324 and much closer to the Sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4149 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure study of double perovskites $A_{2}$FeReO$_{6}$


  We have implemented a systematic LSDA and LSDA+U study of the double
perovskites $A_{2}$FeReO$_{6}$ (A=Ba,Sr,Ca) and Sr$_{2}$$M$MoO$_{6}$
(M=Cr,Mn,Fe,Co) for understanding of their intriguing electronic and magnetic
properties. The results suggest a ferrimagnetic (FiM) and half-metallic (HM)
state of $A_{2}$FeReO$_{6}$ (A=Ba,Sr) due to a pdd-$\pi$ coupling between the
down-spin Re$^{5+}$/Fe$^{3+}$ $t_{2g}$ orbitals via the intermediate O
$2p_{\pi}$ ones, also a very similar FiM and HM state of Sr$_{2}$FeMoO$_{6}$.
In contrast, a decreasing Fe $t_{2g}$ component at Fermi level ($E_{F}$) in the
distorted Ca$_{2}$FeReO$_{6}$ partly accounts for its nonmetallic behavior,
while a finite $pdd$-$\sigma$ coupling between the down-spin
Re$^{5+}$/Fe$^{3+}$ $e_{g}$ orbitals being present at $E_{F}$ serves to
stabilize its FiM state. For Sr$_{2}$CrMoO$_{6}$ compared with
Sr$_{2}$FeMoO$_{6}$, the coupling between the down-spin Mo$^{5+}$/Cr$^{3+}$
$t_{2g}$ orbitals decreases as a noticeable shift up of the Cr$^{3+}$ 3d
levels, which is likely responsible for the decreasing $T_{C}$ value and weak
conductivity. Moreover, the calculated level distributions indicate a
Mn$^{2+}$(Co$^{2+}$)/Mo$^{6+}$ ionic state in Sr$_{2}$MnMoO$_{6}$
(Sr$_{2}$CoMoO$_{6}$), in terms of which their antiferromagnetic insulating
ground state can be interpreted. While orbital population analyses show that
owing to strong intrinsic pd covalence effects, Sr$_{2}M$MoO$_{6}$
(M=Cr,Mn,Fe,Co) have nearly the same valence state combinations, as accounts
for the similar M-independent spectral features observed in them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97153 </DOCNO>
On Stein fillings of the 3-torus T^3


  We determine topological properties of Stein domains with boundary
diffeomorphic to T^3, S^1\times S^2 and some Seifert fibered 3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76605 </DOCNO>
Progress towards a lattice determination of (moments of) nucleon


  Using unimproved and non-perturbatively O(a) improved Wilson fermions,
results are given for the three lowest moments of unpolarised nucleon structure
functions. Renormalisation, chiral extrapolation and the continuum limit of the
matrix elements are briefly discussed. The simulations are performed for both
quenched and two flavours of unquenched fermions. No obvious sign of deviation
from linearity in the chiral extrapolations are found. (This is most clearly
seen in our quenched unimproved data, which extends to lighter quark mass.)
Possible quenching effects also seem to be small. The lowest moment thus
remains too large, so it seems to be necessary to reach smaller quark masses in
numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124681 </DOCNO>
UBVRI photometric comparison sequences for symbiotic stars. II


  We present accurate and deep UBVRI photometric sequences for an additional 20
symbiotic stars. As for the 20 targets of Paper I, the sequences extend over
wide brightness and color ranges, and are suited to cover both quiescence and
outburst phases. The sequences are intended to assist both present time
photometry as well as measurement of photographic plates from historical
archives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4792 </DOCNO>
Localisation of doped holes in edge-shared CuO_2 chain cuprates:


  We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of the electronic
structure of the cuprate chain systems A_(1-x)CuO_2 (A=Ca,Sr,Ba), as measured
using O-K and Cu-L_3 x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The doping-dependent
behaviour in these systems is radically different to that in conventional 2D
cuprate networks formed from corner sharing CuO_4 plaquettes, and follows from
the strongly suppressed inter-plaquette hybridisation resulting from the 90
degree Cu-O-Cu interaction pathway in the chain systems. Spectroscopically,
this results in (a) a classical mixed-valent scenario whereby the different
final states in the Cu-L_3 spectra can be used directly to 'read-off' the Cu
valency and (b) a drastic reduction in the dynamic spectral weight transfer
from the upper Hubbard band to the low energy scale in the O-K spectra. The
final picture emerges of localisation of the doped holes, with the chain then
comprised of a mixture of pure Cu(II)O_4 and Cu(III)O_4 plaquettes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77094 </DOCNO>
PDF's: What Do We Need To Know?


  Reliable knowledge of parton distribution functions is crucial for many
searches for new physics signals in the next generation of experiments.
Presently, there remain a number of open questions regarding the PDF's and
their uncertainties. We briefly discuss these issues, and consider aspects
where a future high-precision fixed-target experiment might contribute.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86572 </DOCNO>
Black Holes and String Theory


  This is a short summary of my lectures given at the Fourth Mexican School on
Gravitation and Mathematical Physics. These lectures gave a brief introduction
to black holes in string theory, in which I primarily focussed on describing
some of the recent calculations of black hole entropy using the statistical
mechanics of D-brane states. The following overview will also provide the
interested students with an introduction to the relevant literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96275 </DOCNO>
A strong desingularization theorem


  Let $X$ be a closed subscheme embedded in a scheme $W$ smooth over a field
${\bf k}$ of characteristic zero, and let ${\mathcal I}(X)$ be the sheaf of
ideals defining $X$. Assume that the set of regular points of $X$ is dense in
$X$. We prove that there exists a proper, birational morphism, $\pi:
W_r\longrightarrow W$, obtained as a composition of monoidal transformations,
so that if $X_r\subset W_r$ denotes the strict transform of $X\subset W$ then:
1) The morphism $\pi:W_r\longrightarrow W$ is an embedded desingularization of
$X$ (as in Hironaka's Theorem); 2) The {\em total transform} of ${\mathcal
I}(X)$ in ${\mathcal O}_{W_r}$ factors as a product of an invertible sheaf of
ideals ${\mathcal L}$ supported on the exceptional locus, and the sheaf of
ideals defining the strict transform of $X$ (i.e. ${\mathcal I}(X){\mathcal
O}_{W_r}={\mathcal L}\cdot{\mathcal I}(X_r)$). This result is stronger than
Hironaka's Theorem, in fact (2) is novel and does not hold for
desingularizations which follow Hironaka's line of proof unless $X$ is a
hypersurface. We will say that $W_r\longrightarrow W$ defines a {\em Strong
Desingularization of $X$}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129281 </DOCNO>
Quasar Absorption Lines


  The absorption lines observed in quasar spectra have given us a detailed
picture of the intergalactic medium and the metal abundance and kinematics of
high redshift galaxies. In this review, we present an introduction to the
field, starting with the techniques used for interpreting absorption line
spectra. We then survey the observational and theoretical development of our
understanding of the Lyman-alpha forest, the metal absorbers, and the damped
Ly-alpha absorbers. We conclude with a discussion of some of the remaining
outstanding issues, and prospects for the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95969 </DOCNO>
Infinitesimal Variation of Harmonic Forms and Lefschetz Decomposition


  This paper studies the infinitesimal variation of the Lefschetz decomposition
associated with a compatible sl_2-representation on a graded algebra. This
allows to prove that the Jordan-Lefschetz property holds infinitesimally for
the Kaehler Lie algebra (introduced by Looijenga and Lunts) of any compact
Kaehler manifold. As a second application we describe how the space of harmonic
forms changes when a Ricci-flat Kaehler form is deformed infinitesimally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41667 </DOCNO>
Limits on WIMP Dark Matter


  The current state searches for dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting
Massive Particles (WIMPs) using both direct and indirect techniques is
reviewed. Advances in recent years by various direct search experiments,
utilising technology able to record the nuclear recoil events expected from
elastic scattering by WIMPs, have allowed progress towards lower limits to be
made. In particular, the Edelweiss and CDMS collaborations are achieving
sensitiviy able to challenge data from DAMA interpreted as evidence for WIMPs
of mass in the region of 60 GeV. Meanwhile, indirect searches, based on
observing the annihilation products of neutralino-neutralino interactions in
the Earth, Sun and Galaxy, have produced intriguing results. For instance,
analysis by Superkamiokande now suggests limits comparable with the best direct
search results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86528 </DOCNO>
O(N) quintessence


  In this paper, we propose a new quintessence model, in which the scalar field
possesses a O(\textit{N}) internal symmetry. We give a critical condition of
instability for the potential. Fortunately, we find the most widely used
potentials of quintessence all don't satisfy the above condition, and therefore
the O(\textit{N}) quintessence with these potential are stable. We also discuss
that the event horizon problem in O(\textit{N}) quintessence is not so serious
as that in conventional quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129329 </DOCNO>
Fast Search Techniques for High Energy Pulsars


  Modified versions of two "standard" pulsar search techniques are presented
that allow large-scale searches for pulsations in long duration high-energy
data sets using relatively modest amounts of computer time. For small numbers
of photons (N_phot <~ 10^4), optimized brute-force epoch folding searches are
preferred. For larger numbers of photons, advanced Fourier domain acceleration
searches are used. Using these techniques, my collaborators and I have searched
Chandra observations of the CasA supernova remnant (SNR) point source and the
isolated neutron star RX J1856.5-3754 for pulsations, and confirmed the 65.6 ms
pulsar in the 3C 58 SNR during a blind search of archival RXTE data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4461 </DOCNO>
Connectivity of neutral networks and structural conservation in protein


  Protein structures are much more conserved than sequences during evolution.
Based on this observation, we investigate the consequences of structural
conservation on protein evolution. We study seven of the most studied protein
folds, finding out that an extended neutral network in sequence space is
associated to each of them. Within our model, neutral evolution leads to a
non-Poissonian substitution process, due to the broad distribution of
connectivities in neutral networks. The observation that the substitution
process has non-Poissonian statistics has been used against the original
Kimura's neutral theory, while our model shows that this is a generic property
of neutral evolution with structural conservation. Our model also predicts that
the substitution rate can strongly fluctuate from one branch to another of the
evolutionary tree. The average sequence similarity within a neutral network is
close to the threshold of randomness, as observed for families of sequences
sharing the same fold. Nevertheless, some positions are more difficult to
mutate than others. We compare such structurally conserved positions to
positions conserved in protein evolution, suggesting that our model can be a
valuable tool to distinguish structural from functional conservation in
databases of protein families. These results indicate that a synergy between
database analysis and structurally-based computational studies can increase our
understanding of protein evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98142 </DOCNO>
Special Varieties and classification Theory


  A new class of compact K\"ahler manifolds, called special, is defined, which
are the ones having no surjective meromorphic map to an orbifold of general
type. The special manifolds are in many respect higher-dimensional
generalisations of rational and elliptic curves. For example, we show that
being rationally connected or having vanishing Kodaira dimension implies being
special. Moreover, for any compact K\"ahler $X$ we define a fibration $c_X:X\to
C(X)$, which we call its core, such that the general fibres of $c_X$ are
special, and every special subvariety of $X$ containing a general point of $X$
is contained in the corresponding fibre of $c_X$. We then conjecture and prove
in low dimensions and some cases that: 1) Special manifolds have an almost
abelian fundamental group. 2) Special manifolds are exactly the ones having a
vanishing Kobayashi pseudometric. 3) The core is a fibration of general type,
which means that so is its base $C(X)$,when equipped with its orbifold
structure coming from the multiple fibres of $c_X$. 4) The Kobayashi
pseudometric of $X$ is obtained as the pull-back of the orbifold Kobayashi
pseudo-metric on $C(X)$, which is a metric outside some proper algebraic
subset. 5) If $X$ is projective,defined over some finitely generated (over
$\Bbb Q$) subfield $K$ of the complex number field, the set of $K$-rational
points of $X$ is mapped by the core into a proper algebraic subset of $C(X)$.
These two last conjectures are the natural generalisations to arbitrary $X$ of
Lang's conjectures formulated when $X$ is of general type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7434 </DOCNO>
Synthesis, characterization and ageing of MgB2


  We studied the influence of sample preparation and defects in the
superconducting properties samples using atomic ratios of Mg:B=1:1 and
Mg:B=1:2. Samples were characterized by SEM, and XRD, and the magnetization
properties were examined in a SQUID magnetometer. The presence of Mg vacancies
was determined by Rietveld analysis. Most of the samples exhibited sharp
superconducting transitions with Tcs between 37- 39 K. We found a strong
correlation between the crystal strain and the Tc. This strain was related to
the presence of Mg vacancies. In addition, results showed that some samples
degraded with time when exposed to ambient conditions. In these samples the Tc
did not change with time, but the superconducting transition became broader and
the Meissner fraction decreased. This effect was only present in samples with
poor connectivity between grains and smaller grain sizes. The degradation was
related to a surface decomposition as observed by X-ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy. No correlation was found between this effect and the presence of
Mg vacancies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5503 </DOCNO>
Multicomponent binary spreading process


  I investigate numerically the phase transitions of two-component
generalizations of binary spreading processes in one dimension. In these models
pair annihilation: AA->0, BB->0, explicit particle diffusion and binary pair
production processes compete with each other. Several versions with spatially
different productions have been explored and shown that for the cases: 2A->3A,
2B->3B and 2A->2AB, 2B->2BA a phase transition occurs at zero production rate
($\sigma=0$), that belongs to the class of N-component, asymmetric branching
and annihilating random walks, characterized by the order parameter exponent
$\beta=2$. In the model with particle production: AB->ABA, BA-> BAB a phase
transition point can be located at $\sigma_c=0.3253$ that belongs to the class
of the one-component binary spreading processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41262 </DOCNO>
Optimal observables to search for indirect supersymmetric QCD signals in


  In this work we study the indirect effects of squarks and gluinos via
supersymmetric QCD radiative corrections in the decays of Higgs particles
within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We consider a heavy
supersymmetric spectrum and focus on the main nondecoupling effects. We propose
a set of observables that are sensitive to these corrections and that will be
accessible at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and Fermilab Tevatron. These
observables are the ratios of Higgs boson branching ratios into quarks divided
by the corresponding Higgs boson branching ratios into leptons, and both
theoretical and experimental uncertainties are expected to be minimized. We
show that these nondecoupling corrections are sizable for all the proposed
observables in the large $\tan\beta$ region and are highly correlated. A global
analysis of all these observables will allow the experiments to reach the
highest sensitivity to indirect supersymmetric signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168504 </DOCNO>
The delta-function-kicked rotor: Momentum diffusion and the


  We investigate the quantum-classical transition in the delta-kicked rotor and
the attainment of the classical limit in terms of measurement-induced
state-localization. It is possible to study the transition by fixing the
environmentally induced disturbance at a sufficiently small value, and
examining the dynamics as the system is made more macroscopic. When the system
action is relatively small, the dynamics is quantum mechanical and when the
system action is sufficiently large there is a transition to classical
behavior. The dynamics of the rotor in the region of transition, characterized
by the late-time momentum diffusion coefficient, can be strikingly different
from both the purely quantum and classical results. Remarkably, the early time
diffusive behavior of the quantum system, even when different from its
classical counterpart, is stabilized by the continuous measurement process.
This shows that such measurements can succeed in extracting essentially quantum
effects. The transition regime studied in this paper is accessible in ongoing
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86990 </DOCNO>
The Affine Quantum Gravity Program


  The central principle of affine quantum gravity is securing and maintaining
the strict positivity of the matrix $\{\hg_{ab}(x)\}$ composed of the spatial
components of the local metric operator. On spectral grounds, canonical
commutation relations are incompatible with this principle, and they must be
replaced by noncanonical, affine commutation relations. Due to the partial
second-class nature of the quantum gravitational constraints, it is
advantageous to use the recently developed projection operator method, which
treats all quantum constraints on an equal footing. Using this method,
enforcement of regularized versions of the gravitational operator constraints
is formulated quite naturally by means of a novel and relatively well-defined
functional integral involving only the same set of variables that appears in
the usual classical formulation. It is anticipated that skills and insight to
study this formulation can be developed by studying special, reduced-variable
models that still retain some basic characteristics of gravity, specifically a
partial second-class constraint operator structure. Although perturbatively
nonrenormalizable, gravity may possibly be understood nonperturbatively from a
hard-core perspective that has proved valuable for specialized models. Finally,
developing a procedure to pass to the genuine physical Hilbert space involves
several interconnected steps that require careful coordination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127280 </DOCNO>
Column density distribution of galactic Ly-alpha absorption systems


  A simple consistency argument for hypothesis of the galactic halo origin of
the Ly-alpha forest absorption lines is advanced, based on the recent
determination of column-density vs. impact parameter relation for the
low-redshift gaseous galactic haloes. It is shown that observations of neutral
hydrogen absorption around luminous galaxies are consistent with the index of
the power-law column density distribution derived from statistical analysis of
large samples of high-redshift Ly-alpha forest lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128123 </DOCNO>
Super-massive stars: Dense star-gas systems


  We use a gaseous model and a semi-analytical approach to study the evolution
of a super-massive central gaseous object (a super-massive star, (SMS from now
on) in an AGN and its evolution by interactions with the surrounding stellar
system. Our future work in this field is outlined, which aims at a more
detailed study of energy flows in the interstellar medium, stellar evolution
and the relation between QSOs and galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 229 </DOCNO>
Spatially selective Bragg scattering: a signature for vortices in


  We demonstrate that Bragg scattering from a condensate can be sensitive to
the spatial phase distribution of the initial state. This allows preferential
scattering from a selected spatial region, and provides a robust signature for
a vortex state. We develop an analytic model which accurately describes this
phenomenon and we give quantitative predictions for current experimental
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76793 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis in the wake of inflation


  Electroweak baryogenesis could be very efficient at the end of an
electroweak-scale inflation. Reheating that followed inflation could create a
highly non-equilibrium plasma, in which the baryon number violating transitions
were rapid. In addition, the time-dependent motions of the scalar degrees of
freedom could provide the requisite CP violation. If the final reheat
temperature was below 100 GeV, there was no wash-out of the baryon asymmetry
after thermalization. The observed value of the baryon asymmetry can be
attained in a number of models, some of which do not require a significant
departure from the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6785 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of dark solitons in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates


  We find two types of moving dark soliton textures in elongated Bose-Einstein
condensates: non-stationary kinks and proper dark solitons. The former have a
curved notch region and rapidly decay by emitting phonons and/or proper dark
solitons. The proper moving solitons are characterized by a flat notch region
and we obtain the diagram of their dynamical stability. At finite temperatures
the dynamically stable solitons decay due to the thermodynamic instability. We
develop a theory of their dissipative dynamics and explain experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95503 </DOCNO>
Representations of the Canonical group, (the semi-direct product of the


  The unitary irreducible representations of the covering group of the Poincare
group P define the framework for much of particle physics on the physical
Minkowski space P/L, where L is the Lorentz group. While extraordinarily
successful, it does not provide a large enough group of symmetries to encompass
observed particles with a SU(3) classification. Born proposed the reciprocity
principle that states physics must be invariant under the reciprocity transform
that is heuristically {t,e,q,p}->{t,e,p,-q} where {t,e,q,p} are the time,
energy, position, and momentum degrees of freedom. This implies that there is
reciprocally conjugate relativity principle such that the rates of change of
momentum must be bounded by b, where b is a universal constant. The appropriate
group of dynamical symmetries that embodies this is the Canonical group C(1,3)
= U(1,3) *s H(1,3) and in this theory the non-commuting space Q= C(1,3)/
SU(1,3) is the physical quantum space endowed with a metric that is the second
Casimir invariant of the Canonical group, T^2 + E^2 - Q^2/c^2-P^2/b^2 +(2h
I/bc)(Y/bc -2) where {T,E,Q,P,I,Y} are the generators of the algebra of
Os(1,3). The idea is to study the representations of the Canonical dynamical
group using Mackey's theory to determine whether the representations can
encompass the spectrum of particle states. The unitary irreducible
representations of the Canonical group contain a direct product term that is a
representation of U(1,3) that Kalman has studied as a dynamical group for
hadrons. The U(1,3) representations contain discrete series that may be
decomposed into infinite ladders where the rungs are representations of U(3)
(finite dimensional) or C(2) (with degenerate U(1)* SU(2) finite dimensional
representations) corresponding to the rest or null frames.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 892 </DOCNO>
On the statistical mechanics of prion diseases


  We simulate a two-dimensional, lattice based, protein-level statistical
mechanical model for prion diseases (e.g., Mad Cow disease) with concommitant
prion protein misfolding and aggregation. Our simulations lead us to the
hypothesis that the observed broad incubation time distribution in
epidemiological data reflect fluctuation dominated growth seeded by a few
nanometer scale aggregates, while much narrower incubation time distributions
for innoculated lab animals arise from statistical self averaging. We model
`species barriers' to prion infection and assess a related treatment protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97722 </DOCNO>
On sets of integers not containing long arithmetic progressions


  We construct subsets of {1,...,N} of cardinality at least N exp(-C(log
N)^{1/(k+1)}) which do not contain arithmetic progressions of length 2^k+1.
This extends a result of Behrend (1946) concerning sets which do not contain
aritmetic progressions of length 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 264 </DOCNO>
Optical excitations of a self assembled artificial ion


  By use of magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy we demonstrate bias
controlled single-electron charging of a single quantum dot. Neutral, single,
and double charged excitons are identified in the optical spectra. At high
magnetic fields one Zeeman component of the single charged exciton is found to
be quenched, which is attributed to the competing effects of tunneling and
spin-flip processes. Our experimental data are in good agreement with
theoretical model calculations for situations where the spatial extent of the
hole wave functions is smaller as compared to the electron wave functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114124 </DOCNO>
On the universality of small scale turbulence


  The proposed universality of small scale turbulence is investigated for a set
of measurements in a cryogenic free jet with a variation of the Reynolds number
(Re) from 8500 to 10^6. The traditional analysis of the statistics of velocity
increments by means of structure functions or probability density functions is
replaced by a new method which is based on the theory of stochastic Markovian
processes. It gives access to a more complete characterization by means of
joint probabilities of finding velocity increments at several scales. Based on
this more precise method our results call in question the concept of
universality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7337 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature induced fermion number


  The induced fractional fermion number at zero temperature is topological (in
the sense that it is only sensitive to global asymptotic properties of the
background field), and is a sharp observable (in the sense that it has
vanishing rms fluctuations). In contrast, at finite temperature, it is shown to
be generically nontopological, and not a sharp observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96507 </DOCNO>
Moment maps, monodromy and mirror manifolds


  Via considerations of symplectic reduction, monodromy, mirror symmetry and
Chern-Simons functionals, a conjecture is proposed on the existence of special
Lagrangians in the hamiltonian deformation class of a given Lagrangian
submanifold of a Calabi-Yau manifold. It involves a stability condition for
graded Lagrangians, and can be proved for the simple case of $T^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3968 </DOCNO>
Heavy-fermion and spin-liquid behavior in a Kondo lattice with magnetic


  We study the competition between the Kondo effect and frustrating exchange
interactions in a Kondo-lattice model within a large-${\cal N}$ dynamical
mean-field theory. We find a T=0 phase transition between a heavy Fermi-liquid
and a spin-liquid for a critical value of the exchange $J_c = T_{K}^0$, the
single-impurity Kondo temperature. Close to the critical point, the Fermi
liquid coherence scale $T^\star$ is strongly reduced and the effective mass
strongly enhanced. The regime $T>T^\star$ is characterized by spin-liquid
magnetic correlations and non-Fermi-liquid properties. It is suggested that
magnetic frustration is a general mechanism which is essential to explain the
large effective mass of some metallic compounds such as LiV$_2$O$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73079 </DOCNO>
Diffractive parton distributions from the saturation model


  We review diffractive deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in the light of the
collinear factorization theorem. This theorem allows to define diffractive
parton distributions in the leading twist approach. Due to its selective final
states, diffractive DIS offers interesting insight into the form of the
diffractive parton distributions which we explore with the help of the
saturation model. We find Regge-like factorization with the correct energy
dependence measured at HERA. A remarkable feature of diffractive DIS is the
dominance of the twist-4 contribution for small diffractive masses. We quantify
this effect and make a comparison with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168827 </DOCNO>
Some Good Error-Correcting Codes from Algebraic-Geometric Codes


  Algebraic-geometric codes on Garcia-Stichtenoth family of curves are used to
construct the asymptotically good quantum codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126885 </DOCNO>
P-mode observations on Alpha Cen A


  We have made a clear detection of p-mode oscillations in the nearest
solar-like G2V star $\alpha$ Cen A with the CORALIE spectrograph on the 1.2-m
Swiss telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory. We report the 5 nights of
observation on this star in May 2001 during which 1260 high precision radial
velocity measurements were obtained. The power spectrum clearly shows several
identifiable peaks between 1.7 and 3 mHz. The average large splitting of
105.7 $\mu$Hz and the amplitude of about 35 cm s$^{-1}$ of these modes are in
agreement with theoretical expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149897 </DOCNO>
Coherent State Induced Star-Product on $\rr^3_{\lambda}$ and the Fuzzy


  Using the Hopf fibration and starting from a four dimensional noncommutative
Moyal plane, $\rr^2_{\theta}\times\rr^2_{\theta}$, we obtain a star-product for
the noncommutative $\rr^3_{\lambda}$ (defined by
$[x^i,x^j]=i\lambda\epsilon_{ijk}x^k$). Furthermore, we show that there is a
projection function which allows us to reduce the functions on
$\rr^3_{\lambda}$ to that of the fuzzy sphere, and hence we introduce a new
star-product on the fuzzy sphere. We will then briefly discuss how using our
method one can extract information about the field theory on fuzzy sphere and
$\rrlam$ from the corresponding field theories on $\rrTth\times\rrTth$ space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96827 </DOCNO>
Perturbed closed geodesics are periodic orbits: Index and Transversality


  We study the classical action functional $\SMC_V$ on the free loop space of a
closed, finite dimensional Riemannian manifold $M$ and the symplectic action
$\AMC_V$ on the free loop space of its cotangent bundle. The critical points of
both functionals can be identified with the set of perturbed closed geodesics
in $M$. The potential $V\in C^\infty(M\times S^1,\R)$ serves as perturbation
and we show that both functionals are Morse for generic $V$. In this case we
prove that the Morse index of a critical point $x$ of $\SMC_V$ equals minus its
Conley-Zehnder index when viewed as a critical point of $\AMC_V$ and if $x^*TM
\to S^1$ is trivial. Otherwise a correction term +1 appears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129315 </DOCNO>
Detection of a high frequency break in the X-ray power spectrum of Ark


  We present a power spectrum analysis of the long ASCA observation of Ark 564
in June/July 2001. The observed power spectrum covers a frequency range of ~
3.5 decades. We detect a high frequency break at ~ 0.002 Hz. The power spectrum
has an rms of ~30% and a slope of ~ -1 and ~ -2 below and above the break
frequency. When combined with the results from a long RXTE observation (Pounds
et al. 2001), the observed power spectra of Ark 564 and Cyg X-1 (in the
low/hard state) are almost identical, showing a similar shape and rms
amplitude. However, the ratio of the high frequency breaks is very small (~
10e{3-4}), implying that these characteristic frequencies are not indicative of
the black hole mass. This result supports the idea of a small black hole
mass/high accretion rate in Ark 564.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97307 </DOCNO>
Edge of the Wedge Theory in Hypo-Analytic Manifolds


  This paper studies microlocal regularity properties of the distributions f on
a strongly noncharacteristic submanifold E of a hypo-analytic manifold M that
arise as the boundary values of solutions on wedges in M with edge E. The
hypo-analytic wave-front set of f in the sense of Baouendi-Chang-Treves is
constrained as a consequence of the fact that f extends as a solution to a
wedge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75748 </DOCNO>
A Model of Varying Fine Structure Constant and Varying Speed of Light


  The recent evidence for a cosmological evolution of the fine structure
constant \alpha=e^2/\hbar c found from an analysis of absorption systems in the
spectra of distant quasars, is modelled by a cosmological scenario in which it
is assumed that only the speed of light varies. The model fits the spectral
line data and can also lead to a solution of the initial value problems in
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7322 </DOCNO>
The properties of Haldane excitations and multi-particle states in the


  We report inelastic time-of-flight and triple-axis neutron scattering
measurements of the excitation spectrum of the coupled antiferromagnetic spin-1
Heisenberg chain system CsNiCl3. Measurements over a wide range of wave-vector
transfers along the chain confirm that above T_N CsNiCl3 is in a
quantum-disordered phase with an energy gap in the excitation spectrum. The
spin correlations fall off exponentially with increasing distance with a
correlation length xi=4.0(2) sites at T=6.2K. This is shorter than the
correlation length for an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain at this
temperature, suggesting that the correlations perpendicular to the chain
direction and associated with the interchain coupling lower the single-chain
correlation length. A multi-particle continuum is observed in the
quantum-disordered phase in the region in reciprocal space where
antiferromagnetic fluctuations are strongest, extending in energy up to twice
the maximum of the dispersion of the well-defined triplet excitations. We show
that the continuum satisfies the Hohenberg-Brinkman sum rule. The dependence of
the multi-particle continuum on the chain wave-vector resembles that of the
two-spinon continuum in antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains. This
suggests the presence of spin-1/2 degrees of freedom in CsNiCl3 for T < 12K,
possibly caused by multiply-frustrated interchain interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114119 </DOCNO>
Photon emission by an ultra-relativistic particle channeling in a


  This paper is devoted to a detailed analysis of the new type of the undulator
radiation generated by an ultra-relativistic charged particle channeling along
a crystal plane, which is periodically bent by a transverse acoustic wave, as
well as to the conditions limiting the observation of this phenomenon. This
mechanism makes feasible the generation of electromagnetic radiation, both
spontaneous and stimulated, emitted in a wide range of the photon energies,
from X- up to gamma-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127185 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Observation of NGC 4151


  We present Chandra X-ray observations of the nearby Seyfert 1.5 galaxy NGC
4151. The images show the extended soft X-ray emission on the several hundreds
of pc scale with better sensitivity than previously obtained. The spectrum of
the unresolved nuclear source may be described by a heavily absorbed (N_{H}
\simeq 3 \times 10^{22} cm^-2), hard power-law (\Gamma \simeq 0.3) plus soft
emission from either a power-law (\Gamma \simeq 2.6) or a thermal (kT \simeq
0.6 keV) component. The flux of the high energy component has decreased from
that observed by ASCA in 1993 and the spectrum is much harder.The large
difference between the soft and hard spectral shapes does not favor the partial
covering or scattering model of the ``soft excess''. Instead, it is likely that
the hard and soft nuclear components represent intrinsically different X-ray
sources. Spectra of the extended emission to almost 1 kpc NE and SW of the
nucleus have also been obtained. The spectra of these regions may be described
by either thermal bremsstrahlung (kT \simeq 0.4-0.7 keV) or power-law (\Gamma
\simeq 2.5-3.2) continua plus 3 emission lines. There is an excellent
correlation between the extended X-ray and [O III]\lambda 5007 line emissions.
We discuss the nature of the extended X-ray emission. Upper limit to the
electron scattering column was obtained. This upper limit is much too low for
the soft X-rays to be electron scattered nuclear radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 882 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic transition in a double-exchange system


  We study ferromagnetic transition in three-dimensional double-exchange model.
The influence of strong spin fluctuations on conduction electrons is described
in coherent potential approximation. In the framework of thermodynamic approach
we construct for the system "electrons (in a disordered spin configuration) +
spins" the Landau functional, from the analysis of which critical temperature
of ferromagnetic transition is calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 649 </DOCNO>
Statistical Model of Superconductivity in a 2D Binary Boson-Fermion


  A two-dimensional (2D) assembly of noninteracting, temperature-dependent,
composite-boson Cooper pairs (CPs) in chemical and thermal equilibrium with
unpaired fermions is examined in a binary boson-fermion statistical model as
the superconducting singularity temperature is approached from above. The model
is derived from {\it first principles} for the BCS model interfermion
interaction from three extrema of the system Helmholtz free energy (subject to
constant pairable-fermion number) with respect to: a) the pairable-fermion
distribution function; b) the number of excited (bosonic) CPs, i.e., with
nonzero total momenta---usually ignored in BCS theory---and with the
appropriate (linear, as opposed to quadratic) dispersion relation that arises
from the Fermi sea; and c) the number of CPs with zero total momenta. Compared
with the BCS theory condensate, higher singularity temperatures for the
Bose-Einstein condensate are obtained in the binary boson-fermion mixture model
which are in rough agreement with empirical critical temperatures for quasi-2D
superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169253 </DOCNO>
Photon number conservation and photon interference


  The group theoretical aspect of the description of passive lossless optical
four-ports (beam splitters) is revisited. It is shown through an example, that
this approach can be useful in understanding interferometric schemes where a
low number of photons interfere. The formalism is extended to passive lossless
optical six-ports, their SU(3)-theory is outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97478 </DOCNO>
Seiberg-Witten invariants, orbifolds, and circle actions


  The main result of this paper is a formula for calculating the Seiberg-Witten
invariants of 4-manifolds with fixed-point free circle actions. This is done by
showing under suitable conditions the existence of a diffeomorphism between the
moduli space of the 4-manifold and the moduli space of the quotient 3-orbifold.
Two corollaries include b_+>1 4-manifolds with fixed-point free circle actions
are simple type and a new proof that the four dimensional invariants of $Y
\times S^1$ are equal to the the three dimensional invariants of $Y$. An
infinite number of b_+=1 4-manifolds where the Seiberg-Witten invariants are
still diffeomorphism invariants are constructed and studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75884 </DOCNO>
Charged kaon condensation in high density quark matter


  We show that at asymptotically high densities the ``color-flavor-locked +
neutral kaon condensate'' phase of QCD develops a {\it charged} kaon condensate
through the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. At densities achievable in neutron
stars a charged kaon condensate forms only for some (natural) values of the low
energy constants describing the low-lying excitations of the ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 641 </DOCNO>
Resonant electron transmission through a finite quantum spin chain


  Electron transport in a finite one dimensional quantum spin chain (with
ferromagnetic exchange) is studied within an $s-d$ exchange Hamiltonian. Spin
transfer coefficients strongly depend on the sign of the $s-d$ exchange
constant. For a ferromagnetic coupling, they exhibit a novel resonant pattern,
reflecting the salient features of the combined electron-spin system. Spin-flip
processes are inelastic and feasible at finite voltage or at finite
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75550 </DOCNO>
Proton structure function. Soft and hard Pomerons


  Regge models for proton structure function with and without a hard Pomeron
contribution are compared with all available data in the region $W>3$ GeV,
$Q^{2}\leq 3000$ GeV$^{2}$ and $x<0.75$. It is shown that the data do not
support a hard Pomeron term in $\gamma^{*} p$ amplitude. Moreover, the data
support the idea that the soft Pomeron, either is a double pole with
$\alpha_{P}(0)=1$ in the angular momentum $j$-plane, or is a simple pole with
$\alpha_{P}(0)=1+\epsilon$ where $\epsilon \ll 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167939 </DOCNO>
Do Quantum Nonlocal Correlations Imply Information Transfer?- A Simply


  In order to understand whether nonlocality implies information transfer, a
quantum optical experimental test, well within the scope of current technology,
is proposed. It is essentially a delayed choice experiment as applied to
entangled particles. The basic idea is: given two observers sharing
position-momentum entangled photons, one party chooses whether she measures
position or momentum of her photons after the particles leave the source. The
other party should infer her action by checking for the absence or presence of
characteristic interference patterns after subjecting his particles to certain
optical pre-processing. An occurance of signal transmission is attributed to
the breakdown of complementarity in incomplete measurements. Since the result
implies that the transferred information is classical, we discuss some
propositions for safeguarding causality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40993 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity of an underwater acoustic array to ultra-high energy


  We investigate the possibility of searching for ultra high energy neutrinos
in cosmic rays using acoustic techniques in ocean water. The type of
information provided by the acoustic detection is complementary to that of
other techniques, and the filtering effect of the atmosphere, imposed by the
fact that detection only happens if a shower fully develops in water, would
provide a clear neutrino identification. We find that it may be possible to
implement this technique with very limited resources using existing high
frequency underwater hydrophone arrays. We review the expected acoustic signals
produced by neutrino-induced showers in water and develop an optimal filtering
algorithm able to suppress statistical noise. The algorithm found is
computationally appropriate to be used as a trigger for the signal processors
available on existing arrays. We estimate the noise rates for a trigger system
on a very large size hydrophone array of the US Navy and find that, while a
higher density of hydrophones would be desirable, the existing system may
already provide useful data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169317 </DOCNO>
Notation for general quantum teleportation


  A new notation for the quantum teleportation of finite dimensional quantum
state through a generally entangled quantum channel is introduced. For a given
quantum channel an explict mathematical criterion that governs the faithful
teleportation is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81128 </DOCNO>
Chiral Loops and Ghost States in the Quenched Scalar Propagator


  The scalar, isovector meson propagator is analyzed in quenched QCD, using the
MQA pole-shifting ansatz to study the chiral limit. In addition to the expected
short-range exponential falloff characteristic of a heavy scalar meson, the
propagator also exhibits a longer-range, negative metric contribution which
becomes pronounced for smaller quark masses. We show that this is a quenched
chiral loop effect associated with the anomalous structure of the $\eta '$
propagator in quenched QCD. Both the time dependence and the quark mass
dependence of this effect are well-described by a chiral loop diagram
corresponding to an $\eta '- \pi$ intermediate state, which is light and
effectively of negative norm in the quenched approximation. The relevant
parameters of the effective Lagrangian describing the scalar sector of the
quenched theory are determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74688 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Brane World Solutions with Bulk Scalar Fields


  Cosmological brane world solutions are found for five-dimensional bulk
spacetimes with a scalar field. A supergravity inspired method for obtaining
static solutions is combined with a method for finding brane cosmologies with
constant bulk energies. This provides a way to generate full (bulk and brane)
cosmological solutions to brane worlds with bulk scalar fields. Examples of
these solutions, and their cosmological evolution, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98196 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Ruelle operator and Invariant Line Field Problem


  In case of Lebesgue measure zero of postcritical set the necessary and
sufficient conditions (in terms of convergence of sequences of measures) of
existence of invariant conformal structures on J(R) are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124757 </DOCNO>
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutron-Decay Halos from Gamma Ray


  Simple arguments concerning power and acceleration efficiency show that
ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRS) with energies >~ 10^{19} eV could
originate from GRBs. Neutrons formed through photo-pion production processes in
GRB blast waves leave the acceleration site and travel through intergalactic
space, where they decay and inject a very energetic proton and electron
component into intergalactic space. The neutron-decay protons form a component
of the UHECRs, whereas the neutron-decay electrons produce optical/X-ray
synchrotron and gamma radiation from Compton-scattered background radiation. A
significant fraction of galaxies with GRB activity should be surrounded by
neutron-decay halos of characteristic size ~ 100 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179581 </DOCNO>
Neutrino propagation in Neutron Matter and the Nuclear Equation of State


  We study the propagation of neutrinos inside dense matter under the
conditions prevailing in a proto-neutron star. Equations of state obtained with
different nuclear effective interactions (Skyrme type and Gogny type) are first
discussed. It is found that for many interactions, spin and/or isospin
instabilities occur at densities larger than the saturation density of nuclear
matter. From this study we select two representative interactions, SLy230b and
D1P. We calculate the response functions in pure neutron matter where nuclear
correlations are described at the Hartree-Fock plus RPA level. These response
functions allow us to evaluate neutrino mean free paths corresponding to
neutral current processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114196 </DOCNO>
A Single Shot, Sub-picosecond Beam Bunch Characterization with


  In the past decade, the bunch lengths of electrons in accelerators have
decreased dramatically to the range of a few
picoseconds \cite{Uesaka94,Trotz97}. Measurement of the length as well as the
longitudinal profile of these short bunches have been a topic of research in a
number of institutions \cite{Uesaka97,Liu97,Hutchins00}. One of the techniques
uses the electric field induced by the passage of electrons in the vicinity of
a birefringent crystal to change its optical characteristics. Well-established
electro-optic techniques can then be used to measure the temporal
characteristics of the electron bunch. In this paper we present a novel,
non-invasive, single-shot approach to improve the resolution to tens of
femtoseconds so that sub-millimeter bunch length can be measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150074 </DOCNO>
On String Tensions in Supersymmetric SU(M) Gauge Theory


  In some models of {\cal N}=1 supersymmetric SU(M) gauge dynamics
(hep-th/9503163 and hep-th/9707244), the tension of a string ending on q
external quarks is proportional to \sin (\pi q/M), q=1,..., M-1. In this paper
we calculate the ratios of the q-string tensions using the recently derived
type IIB gravity duals of {\cal N}=1 SUSY gauge theories. Far in the IR these
gravity duals contain a three-sphere with M units of R-R 3-form flux which,
upon S-duality, turns into NS-NS 3-form flux. The confining q-string is
described by a D3-brane wrapping a two-sphere inside the three-sphere with q
units of world volume flux. For one of the gravity dual backgrounds
(Maldacena-Nunez) a D3-brane probe calculation exactly reproduces the \sin(\pi
q/M) dependence, while for another (Klebanov-Strassler) we find approximate
agreement. We speculate on the connection of the q-string tensions with D-brane
tensions in the SU(2) WZW model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2747 </DOCNO>
Absorption and wavepackets in optically excited semiconductor


  Within the one-dimensional tight-binding minibands and on-site
 Coloumbic interaction approximation, the absorption spectrum and coherent
wavepacket time evolution in an optically excited semiconductor superlattice
driven by dc-ac electric fields are investigated using the semiconductor Bloch
equations.
 The dominating roles of the ratios of dc-Stark to external ac frequency, as
well as ac-Stark to external ac frequency, is emphasized. If the former is an
integer ${\cal N}$, then also ${\cal N}$ harmonics are present within one Stark
frequency, while the fractional case leads to the formation of excitonic
fractional ladders. The later ratio determines the size and profile of the
wavepacket. In the absence of excitonic interaction it controls the maximum
size wavepackets reach within one cycle, while the interaction produces a
strong anisotropy and tends to palliate the dynamic wavepacket localization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149127 </DOCNO>
Coincident (Super)-Dp-Branes of Codimension One


  We consider properties of a covariant worldvolume action for a system of N
coincident Dp-branes in D=(p+2) dimensional space-time (so called codimension
one branes). In the case of N coincident D0-branes in D=2 we then find a
generalization of this action to a model which includes fermionic degrees of
freedom and is invariant under target-space supersymmetry and worldline
kappa-symmetry. We find that the type IIA D=2 superalgebra generating the
supersymmetry transformations of the ND0-brane system acquires a non-trivial
"central extension" due to a nonlinear contribution of U(N) adjoint scalar
fields. Peculiarities of space-time symmetries of coincident Dp-branes are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3303 </DOCNO>
Theory of optical spectra of polar quantum wells: Temperature effects


  Theoretical and numerical calculations of the optical absorption spectra of
excitons interacting with longitudinal-optical phonons in quasi-2D polar
semiconductors are presented. In II-VI semiconductor quantum wells, exciton
binding energy can be tuned on- and off-resonance with the longitudinal-optical
phonon energy by varying the quantum well width. A comprehensive picture of
this tunning effect on the temperature-dependent exciton absorption spectrum is
derived, using the exciton Green's function formalism at finite temperature.
The effective exciton-phonon interaction is included in the Bethe-Salpeter
equation. Numerical results are illustrated for ZnSe-based quantum wells. At
low temperatures, both a single exciton peak as well as a continuum resonance
state are found in the optical absorption spectra. By contrast, at high enough
temperatures, a splitting of the exciton line due to the real phonon absorption
processes is predicted. Possible previous experimental observations of this
splitting are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128359 </DOCNO>
Timing and Spectral Properties of X-ray Emission from the Converging


  We demonstrate that a X-ray spectrum of a converging inflow (CI) onto a black
hole is the sum of a thermal (disk) component and the convolution of some
fraction of this component with the Comptonization spread (Green's) function.
The latter component is seen as an extended power law at energies much higher
than the characteristic energy of the soft photons. We show that the high
energy photon production (source function) in the CI atmosphere is distributed
with the characteristic maximum at about the photon bending radius, 1.5r_S,
independently of the seed (soft) photon distribution. We show that high
frequency oscillations of the soft photon source in this region lead to the
oscillations of the high energy part of the spectrum but not of the thermal
component. The high frequency oscillations of the inner region are not
significant in the thermal component of the spectrum. We further demonstrate
that Doppler and recoil effects (which are responsible for the formation of the
CI spectrum) are related to the hard (positive) and soft (negative) time lags
between the soft and hard photon energy channels respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113863 </DOCNO>
Stochastic resonance as a collective property of ion channel assemblies


  By use of a stochastic generalization of the Hodgkin-Huxley model we
investigate both the phenomena of stochastic resonance (SR) and coherence
resonance (CR) in variable size patches of an excitable cell membrane. Our
focus is on the challenge how internal noise stemming from individual ion
channels does affect collective properties of the whole ensemble. We
investigate both an unperturbed situation with no applied stimuli and one in
which the membrane is stimulated externally by a periodic signal and additional
external noise. For the nondriven case, we demonstrate the existence of an
optimal size of the membrane patch for which the internal noise causes a most
regular spike activity. This phenomenon shall be termed intrinsic CR. In
presence of an applied periodic stimulus we demonstrate that the
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) exhibits SR vs. decreasing patch size, or vs.
increasing internal noise strength, respectively. Moreover, we demonstrate that
conventional SR vs. the external noise intensity occurs only for sufficiently
large membrane patches, when the intensity of internal noise is below its
optimal level. Thus, biological SR seemingly is rooted in the collective
properties of large ion channel ensembles rather than in the individual
stochastic dynamics of single ion channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5699 </DOCNO>
A Four Dimensional Generalization of the Quantum Hall Effect


  We construct a generalization of the quantum Hall effect, where particles
move in four dimensional space under a SU(2) gauge field. This system has a
macroscopic number of degenerate single particle states. At appropriate integer
or fractional filling fractions the system forms an incompressible quantum
liquid. Gapped elementary excitations in the bulk interior and gapless
elementary excitations at the boundary are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126969 </DOCNO>
GeV-TeV Gamma-ray Astronomy


  Recent results of GeV and TeV observations of gamma-rays from the Universe
are briefly reviewed. Topics include observational technique, diffuse
gamma-rays, pulsars, unidentified sources, plerions, supernova remnants and
AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113908 </DOCNO>
Static NLO susceptibilities: testing approximation schemes against exact


  The reliability of the approximations commonly adopted in the calculation of
static optical (hyper)polarizabilities is tested against exact results obtained
for an interesting toy-model. The model accounts for the principal features of
typical nonlinear organic materials with mobile electrons strongly coupled to
molecular vibrations. The approximations introduced in sum over states and
finite field schemes are analyzed in detail. Both the Born-Oppenheimer and the
clamped nucleus approximations turn out to be safe for molecules, whereas for
donor-acceptor charge transfer complexes deviations from adiabaticity are
expected. In the regime of low vibrational frequency, static susceptibilities
are strongly dominated by the successive derivatives of the potential energy
and large vibrational contributions to hyperpolarizabilities are found. In this
regime anharmonic corrections to hyperpolarizabilities are very large, and the
harmonic approximation, exact for the linear polarizability, turns out totally
inadequate for nonlinear responses. With increasing phonon frequency the role
of vibrations smoothly decreases, until, in the antiadiabatic (infinite
vibrational frequency) regime, vibrations do not contribute anymore to static
susceptibilities, and the purely electronic responses are regained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1041 </DOCNO>
Superfluid and Dissipative Dynamics of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a


  We create Bose-Einstein condensates of 87-rubidium in a static magnetic trap
with a superimposed blue-detuned 1D optical lattice. By displacing the magnetic
trap center we are able to control the condensate evolution. We observe a
change in the frequency of the center-of-mass oscillation in the harmonic
trapping potential, in analogy with an increase in effective mass. For fluid
velocities greater than a local speed of sound, we observe the onset of
dissipative processes up to full removal of the superfluid component. A
parallel simulation study visualizes the dynamics of the BEC and accounts for
the main features of the observed behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98413 </DOCNO>
Additive structure of multiplicative subgroups of fields and Galois


  One of the fundamental questions in current field theory, related to
Grothendieck's conjecture of birational anabelian geometry, is the
investigation of the precise relationship between the Galois theory of fields
and the structure of the fields themselves. In this paper we initiate the
classification of additive properties of multiplicative subgroups of fields
containing all squares, using pro-2-Galois groups of nilpotency class at most
2, and of exponent at most 4. This work extends some powerful methods and
techniques from formally real fields to general fields of characteristic not 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 809 </DOCNO>
Exact Enumeration of Two-Dimensional Closed Random Paths Using a DSP


  The aim of this paper is to show that Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) can be
used to efficiently implement complex algorithms. As an example we have chosen
the problem of enumerating closed two-dimensional random paths. An Evaluation
Module Board (EVM) for TMS320C6201 fixed-point processor is used. The algorithm
is implemented in hand-written parallel assembly language. Some techniques are
used to fit the algorithm to the parallel structure of the processor and also
to avoid Branch and Condition-Checking tasks. Common optimization methods are
also employed to improve the execution speed of the code. These methods are
shown to yield a good efficiency in using the maximum computation power of the
processor. We use these results to obtain the area distribution of the paths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150097 </DOCNO>
Spinor Algebras and Extended Superconformal Algebras


  We consider supersymmetry algebras in arbitrary spacetime dimension and
signature. Minimal and maximal superalgebras are given for single and extended
supersymmetry. It is seen that the supersymmetric extensions are uniquely
determined by the properties of the spinor representation, which depend on the
dimension $D$ mod 8 and the signature $|\rho|$ mod 8 of spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74740 </DOCNO>
Eta-eta' mixing in U(3) chiral perturbation theory


  We investigate eta-eta' mixing in infrared regularized U(3) chiral
perturbation theory by calculating the eta and eta' masses up to one-loop
order. From this analysis it becomes obvious that even at leading order
eta-eta' mixing does not obey the usually assumed one-mixing angle scheme if
large N_c counting rules are not employed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75066 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Structure Functions and Heavy Flavour Leptoproduction Off the


  Nuclear structure functions and cross-sections for heavy flavour production
in lepton-nucleus collisions are investigated in the low $x$ region accessible
now or in the near future. The scattering on a heavy nucleus is described by
the sum of fan diagrams of BFKL pomerons, which is exact in the high-colour
limit. The initial condition for the evolution at $x=0.01$ is taken from a
saturation model, which reproduces the experimental data on the proton. The $A$
dependence of the structure functions is well described by a power factor
$A^\alpha$, with $\alpha$ reaching values as low as 1/2 at extremely low $x$.
The total cross-sections for heavy flavour production reach values of the order
of mb, and the corresponding transverse momentum distributions are sizeable up
to transverse momenta larger than the initial large scale $\sqrt{Q^2+4m_f^2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149141 </DOCNO>
Proper time regulator and Renormalization Group flow


  We consider some applications of the Renormalization Group flow equations
obtained by resorting to a specific class of proper time regulators. Within
this class a particular limit that corresponds to a sharpening of the effective
width of the regulator is investigated and a procedure to analytically
implement this limit on the flow equations is shown. We focus on the critical
exponents determination for the O(N) symmetric scalar theory in three
dimensions. The large N limit and some perturbative features in four dimensions
are also analysed. In all problems examined the results are optimized when the
mentioned limit of the proper time regulator is taken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98786 </DOCNO>
Completely integrable classical systems connected with semi-simple Lie


  The complete integrability of a class of dynamical systems with the potential
v(q)=q^{-2}+c q^2 is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113378 </DOCNO>
75 Years of the Wavefunction: Complex-Dynamical Extension of the


  Following Max Planck's hypothesis of quanta (quant-ph/0012069) and the matter
wave idea of Louis de Broglie (quant-ph/9911107), Erwin Schroedinger proposed,
at the beginning of 1926, the concept of the wavefunction and the wave equation
for it. Though endowed with a realistic undular interpretation by its father,
the wavefunction could not be considered as a real 'matter wave' and has been
provided with the abstract, formally probabilistic interpretation. In this
paper we show how the resulting 'mysteries' of the standard theory are resolved
within the unreduced, dynamically multivalued description of the underlying,
essentially nonlinear interaction process (quant-ph/9902015, quant-ph/9902016),
without artificial modification of the Schroedinger equation. The causal,
totally realistic wavefunction is obtained as the dynamically probabilistic
intermediate state of a simple system with interaction performing dynamically
discrete transitions between its localised, incompatible 'realisations'
('corpuscular' states) emerging within the same interaction process. The causal
wavefunction and Schroedinger equation are then extended to arbitrary level of
world dynamics. We outline some applications of the obtained causal
description, such as the true quantum chaos (quant-ph/9511034-36) and realistic
quantum devices, and emphasize the basic difference of the proposed dynamically
multivalued theory from dynamically single-valued imitations of causality and
complexity. The causally complete wavefunction concept, representing the
unified essence of the unreduced (multivalued) interaction dynamics, provides a
distinctive feature of the truly realistic theory, absent in any its unitary
imitation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150138 </DOCNO>
Kronecker delta energy terms in thermal field theory


  We discuss, using the imaginary time method, some aspects of the connection
between the Ward identity, the non-analyticity of amplitudes and the causality
relation in QED at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1224 </DOCNO>
Symmetry and Temperature dependence of the Order parameter in MgB2 from


  We have performed differential conductance versus voltage measurements of
Au/MgB2 point contacts. We find that the dominant component in the conductance
is due to Andreev reflection. The results are fitted to the theoretical model
of BTK for an s-wave symmetry from which we extract the value of the order
parameter (Delta) and its temperature dependence. From our results we also
obtain a lower experimental bound on the Fermi velocity in MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72545 </DOCNO>
Virtual photon impact factors with exact gluon kinematic


  An explicit analytic formula for the transverse and longitudinal impact
factors S_{T,L}(N,\gamma) of the photon using k_T factorization with exact
gluon kinematics is given. Applications to the QCD dipole model and the
extraction of the unintegrated gluon structure function from data are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148320 </DOCNO>
M-theory observables for cosmological space-times


  We discuss the construction of the analog of an S-matrix for space-times that
begin with a Big-Bang and asymptote to an FRW universe with nonnegative
cosmological constant. When the cosmological constant is positive there are
many such S-matrices, related mathematically by gauge transformations and
physically by an analog of the principle of black hole complementarity. In the
limit of vanishing $\Lambda$ these become (approximate) Poincare transforms of
each other. Considerations of the initial state require a quantum treatment of
space-time, and some preliminary steps towards constructing such a theory are
proposed. In this context we propose a model for the earliest semiclassical
state of the universe, which suggests a solution for the horizon problem
different from that provided by inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1942 </DOCNO>
Quantum Spin Chains and Riemann Zeta Function with Odd Arguments


  Riemann zeta function is an important object of number theory. It was also
used for description of disordered systems in statistical mechanics. We show
that Riemann zeta function is also useful for the description of integrable
model. We study XXX Heisenberg spin 1/2 anti-ferromagnet. We evaluate a
probability of formation of a ferromagnetic string in the anti-ferromagnetic
ground state in thermodynamics limit. We prove that for short strings the
probability can be expressed in terms of Riemann zeta function with odd
arguments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168262 </DOCNO>
Optimal Conclusive Discrimination of Two Non-orthogonal Pure Product


  We consider one copy of a quantum system prepared in one of two
non-orthogonal pure product states of multipartite distributed among separated
parties. We show that there exist protocols which obtain optimal probability in
the sense of conclusive discrimination by means of local operations and
classical communications(LOCC) as good as by global operations. Also, we show a
protocol which minimezes the average number of local operations. Our result
implies that two product pure multipartite states might not have the non-local
property though more than two can have.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129052 </DOCNO>
Tilted CDM versus WDM in the Subgalactic Scuffle


  Although the currently favored cold dark matter plus cosmological constant
model (LCDM) has proven to be remarkably successful on large scales, on
subgalactic scales it faces some potentially fatal difficulties; these include
over-producing dwarf satellite galaxies and predicting excessive central
densities in dark halos. Among the most natural cosmological solutions to these
problems is to replace cold dark matter with a warm species (LWDM). The warm
component acts to reduce the small-scale power, resulting in fewer galactic
subhalos and lower halo central densities. An alternative model with a mild
``tilt'' in the inflationary power spectrum (TLCDM; n =0.9) similarly reduces
the central densities of dark halos, although the substructure abundance
remains relatively high. Here I argue that because dwarf galaxy formation
should be suppressed in the presence of a strong ionizing background, favored
LWDM models will generally under-predict the observed abundance of dwarf
galaxies. The satellite count for TLCDM fairs much better, as long as the
photoionization effect is taken into account. TLCDM provides a more successful
alternative to LWDM on subgalactic scales with the added attraction that it
relies on only a minor, natural adjustment to the standard framework of CDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2509 </DOCNO>
Quantum Coherence Beyond the Thermal Length


  Recent experiments have used scattering to map the flow of electrons in a
two-dimensional electron gas. Among other things, the data from these
experiments show perseverance of regular interference fringes beyond the
kinematic thermal length. These fringes are seen in full quantum-mechanical
simulations with thermal averaging, and within the phase coherence length they
can also be understood with a simple, single-scattering model. This effect
provides a new way to gauge the coherence length independent of thermal
broadening. Appealing to higher-order scattering, we present a mechanism by
which interference fringes may survive even beyond the phase coherence length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114243 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the SPS Power Converter Controls towards the LHC Era


  By the end of the nineties, the power converter control system (Mugef) of the
CERN proton accelerator (SPS) had undergone a complete modernization. This
resulted in newly developed hardware for function generation, measurement and
I/O in a VME environment, under the LynxOS real-time operating system. This has
provided a platform on which extensions can be developed for future operation
in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) era. This paper describes some of these
extensions, in particular a fast Surveillance and Interlock system for
monitoring the power converter output currents. This will be mandatory for the
safe operation of the SPS transfer lines TI2 & TI8 to LHC and for similar
applications in the future. The strategies employed to cope with various
failure modes of the power converters and the timely activation of the
interlock are outlined. The new SPS controls infrastructure now under
development, will give rise to new modes of operation for the Mugef systems.
Integration with the proposed middleware must be undertaken in a structured
evolution, while retaining compatibility with the current usage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1312 </DOCNO>
Atom laser dynamics


  An ideal atom laser would produce an atomic beam with highly stable flux and
energy. In practice the stability is likely to be limited by technical noise
and nonlinear dynamical effects. We investigate the dynamics of an atom laser
using a comprehensive one dimensional, mean-field numerical model. We fully
model the output beam and experimentally important physics such as three-body
recombination. We find that at high pump rates the latter plays a role in
suppressing the high frequency dynamics, which would otherwise limit the
stability of the output beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95439 </DOCNO>
A New Algorithm for Solving the Word Problem in Braid Groups


  One of the most interesting questions about a group is if its word problem
can be solved and how. The word problem in the braid group is of particular
interest to topologists, algebraists and geometers, and is the target of
intensive current research. We look at the braid group from a topological point
of view (rather than a geometrical one). The braid group is defined by the
action of diffeomorphisms on the fundamental group of a punctured disk. We
exploit the topological definition of the braid group in order to give a new
approach for solving its word problem. Our algorithm is faster, in comparison
with known algorithms, for short braid words with respect to the number of
generators combining the braid, and it is almost independent of the number of
strings in the braids. Moreover, the algorithm is based on a new computer
presentation of the elements of the fundamental group of a punctured disk. This
presentation can be used also for other algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6450 </DOCNO>
Deterministic Small-World Networks


  Many real life networks, such as the World Wide Web, transportation systems,
biological or social networks, achieve both a strong local clustering (nodes
have many mutual neighbors) and a small diameter (maximum distance between any
two nodes). These networks have been characterized as small-world networks and
modeled by the addition of randomness to regular structures. We show that
small-world networks can be constructed in a deterministic way. This exact
approach permits a direct calculation of relevant network parameters allowing
their immediate contrast with real-world networks and avoiding complex computer
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4745 </DOCNO>
Anomalous beating phase of the oscillating interlayer magnetoresistance


  We analyze the beating behavior of the magnetic quantum oscillations in a
layered metal under the conditions when the cyclotron energy $\hbar \omega_c $
is comparable to the interlayer transfer energy $t$. We find that the positions
of the beats in the interlayer resistance are considerably shifted from those
in the magnetization oscillations, and predict that the shift is determined by
the ratio $\hbar \omega_c/t$. A comparative study of the Shubnikov-de Haas and
de Haas-van Alphen effects in the quasi-two-dimensional organic metal $\beta
$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$IBr$_2$ appears to be consistent with the theoretical
prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2195 </DOCNO>
Measuring the temporal coherence of an atom laser beam


  We report on the measurement of the temporal coherence of an atom laser beam
extracted from a $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensate. Reflecting the beam from a
potential barrier creates a standing matter wave structure. From the contrast
of this interference pattern, observed by magnetic resonance imaging, we have
deduced an energy width of the atom laser beam which is Fourier limited by the
duration of output coupling. This gives an upper limit for temporal phase
fluctuations in the Bose-Einstein condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75938 </DOCNO>
Color superconducting quark matter in compact stars


  When nuclear matter reaches a high enough density, we expect that the
nucleons will overlap so much as to lose their separate identities, and merge
into quark matter. In this talk I will review some theoretical expectations and
speculations about quark matter, focusing on the phenomenon of quark pair
condensation (color superconductivity) and its application to compact stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128592 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Star-Formation Activity of Less-Luminous Galaxies in Cluster


  We discuss a correlation between star formation activity (SFA) and luminosity
of star-forming galaxies at intermediate redshifts of $0.2\le z\le 0.6$ in both
cluster and field environments. Equivalent width (EW) of [O{\sc ii}] is used
for measurement of the SFA, and $R$-band absolute magnitude, $M_R$, for the
luminosity. In less-luminous ($M_R \gsim -20.7$) galaxies, we find : (1) the
mean EW([O{\sc ii}]) of cluster galaxies is smaller than that of field
galaxies; but (2) some cluster galaxies have as large EW([O{\sc ii}]) as that
of actively star-forming field galaxies. Based on both our results, we discuss
a new possible mechanism for the Butcher-Oemler (BO) effect, assuming that the
luminosity of a galaxy is proportional to its dynamical mass. Our proposal is
that BO galaxies are less-massive cluster galaxies with smaller peculiar
velocities. They are then stable against Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI),
and are not affected by tidal interaction between clusters and themselves.
Their interstellar medium (ISM) would be hardly stripped, and their SFA would
be little suppressed. Hence, as long as such galaxies keep up their SFA, the
fraction of blue galaxies in a cluster does not decrease. As a cluster becomes
virialized, however, such galaxies become more accelerated, the ISM available
for SFA is stripped by KHI, and their color evolves redward, which produces the
BO effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86000 </DOCNO>
Initial data for a head on collision of two Kerr-like black holes with


  We prove the existence of a family of initial data for the Einstein vacuum
equation which can be interpreted as the data for two Kerr-like black holes in
arbitrary location and with spin in arbitrary direction. This family of initial
data has the following properties: (i) When the mass parameter of one of them
is zero or when the distance between them goes to infinity, it reduces exactly
to the Kerr initial data. (ii) When the distance between them is zero, we
obtain exactly a Kerr initial data with mass and angular momentum equal to the
sum of the mass and angular momentum parameters of each of them. The initial
data depends smoothly on the distance, the mass and the angular momentum
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128752 </DOCNO>
Bendings of radio jets in BL Lacertae objects I: EVN and MERLIN


  Several blazars, and BL Lac objects in particular, show a misalignment
between the jet orientation on parsec and kiloparsec scales. Some authors (i.e.
Conway & Murphy, 1993) have attempted to explain this behaviour invoking
helical jets for misalignment angles around 90$\degr$, showing how in this case
there are interesting implications for the understanding of the medium into
which the jet is expanding. By comparing sensitive VLA observations (Cassaro et
al., 1999) with images available in the literature for the BL Lac objects from
the 1-Jy Sample (Stickel et al., 1991), it is clear that there is a wide range
of misalignments between the initial jet direction and the kpc-scale jet, when
detected. We have carried out VLBI observations of these BL Lac objects, in
order to investigate the spatial evolution of the radio jets from few tens to
hundreds of mas, and to search for helical jets in this class of sources. We
present here the first dataset obtained from EVN+MERLIN observations at 5 GHz
for seven objects. From these observations we never have a clear detection of
helical jets, we only have a possible signature of their presence in 2 objects.
In only one of the sources with a misalignment angle around 90$\degr$ the
presence of helical jets can be ruled out. This implies that it is not possible
to invoke helical jets to explain the morphology of all the sources showing a
misalignment of about 90$\degr$ between the parsec and the kiloparsec scale
jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75050 </DOCNO>
Next-to-Leading Order Results for t-tbar-h Production at the Tevatron


  We compute the O(alpha_s^3) total cross section for the process (p pbar -> t
tbar h) in the Standard Model, at \sqrt{s}=2 TeV. The next-to-leading order
corrections drastically reduce the renormalization and factorization scale
dependence of the Born cross section and slightly decrease the total cross
section for renormalization and factorization scales between m_t and 2m_t.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41747 </DOCNO>
The ZEUS Micro Vertex Detector


  During the HERA luminosity shutdown period 2000/01 the tracking system of the
ZEUS experiment has been upgraded with a silicon Micro Vertex Detector (MVD).
The barrel part of the detector consists of three layers of single sided
silicon strip detectors, while the forward section is composed of four wheels.
In this report we shortly present the assembly procedure and in more details
the test beam results on the spatial resolution of half modules. The first
results of a cosmic ray test are presented and the radiation monitor system is
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4754 </DOCNO>
Effective index of refraction, optical rotation, and circular dichroism


  This paper concerns optical properties of the isotropic phase above the
isotropic-cholesteric transition and of the blue phase BP III. We introduce an
effective index, which describes spatial dispersion effects such as optical
rotation, circular dichroism, and the modification of the average index due to
the fluctuations. We derive the wavelength dependance of these spatial
dispersion effects quite generally without relying on an expansion in powers of
the chirality and without assuming that the pitch of the cholesteric $P$ is
much shorter than the wavelength of the light $\lambda$, an approximation which
has been made in previous studies of this problem. The theoretical predictions
are supported by comparing them with experimental spectra of the optical
activity in the BP III phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72841 </DOCNO>
Light-quark masses and renormalons


  A brief review of the problem of the determination of light-quark masses from
QCD sum rules for the correlators of scalar and pseudoscalar currents is given.
Special attention is paid to the description of the large-$N_f$ results,
obtained in collaboration with Broadhurst and Maxwell, for the scalar
correlator, and estimates of its higher-order perturbative uncertainties within
the renormalon-inspired large-$\beta_0$ expansion in the $\overline{\rm MS}$
scheme are given. Brief discussion is presented of the results of calculations
of higher-order perturbative QCD corrections to the relation between pole and
$\overline{\rm MS}$-scheme running-quark masses. Their comparison with the
different estimates is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1058 </DOCNO>
Multichannel pseudogap Kondo model: Large-N solution and


  We discuss a multichannel SU(N) Kondo model which displays non-trivial
zero-temperature phase transitions due to a conduction electron density of
states vanishing with a power law at the Fermi level. In a particular large-N
limit, the system is described by coupled integral equations corresponding to a
dynamic saddle point. We exactly determine the universal low-energy behavior of
spectral densities at the scale-invariant fixed points, obtain anomalous
exponents, and compute scaling functions describing the crossover near the
quantum-critical points. We argue that our findings are relevant to recent
experiments on impurity-doped d-wave superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124026 </DOCNO>
The Host Galaxy and the Environment of the z = 1.195 Quasar 3C 190


  We present deep imaging and spectroscopic observations of the z = 1.195
quasar 3C 190 and its immediate environment. The quasar is surrounded by an
asymmetric low-surface-brightness envelope in which there are also several
galaxies with characteristic dimensions of 3-5 kpc. Some of these form a linear
structure some 50 kpc long in projection, offset from the quasar and almost
perpendicular to the radio axis. Spectroscopy of this feature indicates the
presence of a starburst component as well as stars a few 10^8 years old.
Velocities of the emission- line gas associated with H II regions in the linear
feature are difficult to reconcile with any reasonable model that is also
consistent with the observed morphology. One possible scenario is an edge-on
disk in an extremely massive (~10^12 solar mass) halo; another is two
independent chain galaxies, with the apparent alignment being fortuitous.
Taking into account all of the types of extended material we find in the
vicinity of 3C 190, we appear to be witnessing a relatively brief phase in the
development of a spheroidal galaxy, in which merging is proceeding nearly
simultaneously in a variety of different regimes. This system may be one of the
clearest examples yet found for the mechanism by which many elliptical galaxies
and bulges of early-type spirals form in the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 347 </DOCNO>
Local polariton modes and resonant tunneling of electromagnetic waves


  We study analytically defect polariton states in Bragg multiple-quantum-well
structures and defect induced changes in transmission and reflection spectra.
Defect layers can differ from the host layers in three ways: exciton-light
coupling strength, exciton resonance frequency, and inter-well spacing. We show
that a single defect leads to two local polariton modes in the photonic
bandgap. These modes cause peculiarities in reflection and transmission
spectra. Each type of defect can be reproduced experimentally, and we show that
each of these plays a distinct role in the optical properties of the system.
For some defects, we predict a narrow transmission window in the forbidden gap
at the frequency set by parameters of the defect. We obtain analytical
expressions for corresponding local frequencies as well as for reflection and
transmission coefficients. We show that the presence of the defects leads to
resonant tunneling of the electromagnetic waves via local polariton modes
accompanied by resonant enhancement of the field inside the sample, even when a
realistic absorption is taken into account. On the basis of the results
obtained, we make recommendations regarding the experimental observation of the
effects studied in readily available samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169192 </DOCNO>
Bell Inequalities and Pseudo-functional densities


  A local hidden variable model with pseudo-functional density function
restricted to a binary probability event space is demonstrated to be able to
reproduce the quantum correlation in an Einstein Podolsky Rosen Bohm and
Aharonov type of experiment.
  In the density function use is made of Hadamard's finite part which disables
the possibility to derive Bell's inequality from models with such a type of
density function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73108 </DOCNO>
Factorisation in Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering: Local OPE Formalism


  We give a complete treatment of factorisation of Deeply Virtual Compton
Scattering (DVCS) in the generalised Bjorken limit, using the local Operator
Product Expansion (OPE). The method allows a straightforward proof that, at
leading twist, the DVCS amplitude factorises into an integral over coefficient
functions and Skewed Parton Distribution Functions (SPDFs). The integral is
well defined for on-shell final state photon if the Wilson coefficients satisfy
a certain factorisation condition, which we derive. We also show that it
enables a simple proof that soft singularities either cancel out or, in the
case where the final state photon is on shell, are integrable. This confirms
the argument of Collins and Freund. Further, we repeat the tree-level
calculation of twist-three contributions to DVCS off a scalar target, where
factorisation was found to be violated. We propose a new definition of the
structure functions and calculate the coefficient functions, which are such
that factorisation works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127216 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Aspects of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Luminosity Evolution and an


  Using 220 Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) redshifts and luminosities derived from the
luminosity-variability relationship of Fenimore & Ramirez-Ruiz (2000), we show
that there exists a significant correlation between the GRB luminosity and
redshift. In particular, we find that the evolution of the average luminosity
can be parameterized as L ~ (1+z)^(1.4 +- 0.5), where z is the burst redshift.
We discuss the possible reasons behind this evolution and compare it to other
known sources that exhibit similar behavior. In addition, we use non-parametric
statistical techniques to independently estimate the distributions of the
luminosity and redshift of bursts, accounting for the evolution (in contrast to
previous studies which have assumed that the luminosity function is independent
of redshift). We present these distributions and discuss their implications.
Most significantly, we find a co-moving rate density of GRBs that continues to
increase to (1+z) ~ 10. From this estimate of the GRB rate density, we then use
the population synthesis codes of Fryer et al. (1999) to estimate the star
formation rate at high redshifts, based on different progenitor models of GRBs.
We find that no matter what the progenitor or population synthesis model, the
star formation rate increases or remains constant to very high redshifts (z ~
10).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74105 </DOCNO>
Neutron structure function and inclusive DIS from H-3 and He-3 at large


  A detailed study of inclusive deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from mirror A =
3 nuclei at large values of the Bjorken variable x is presented. The main
purpose is to estimate the theoretical uncertainties on the extraction of the
neutron DIS structure function from such nuclear measurements. On one hand,
within models in which no modification of the bound nucleon structure functions
is taken into account, we have investigated the possible uncertainties arising
from: i) charge symmetry breaking terms in the nucleon-nucleon interaction, ii)
finite Q**2 effects neglected in the Bjorken limit, iii) the role of different
prescriptions for the nucleon Spectral Function normalization providing baryon
number conservation, and iv) the differences between the virtual nucleon and
light cone formalisms. Although these effects have been not yet considered in
existing analyses, our conclusion is that all these effects cancel at the level
of ~ 1% for x < 0.75 in overall agreement with previous findings. On the other
hand we have considered several models in which the modification of the bound
nucleon structure functions is accounted for to describe the EMC effect in DIS
scattering from nuclei. It turns out that within these models the cancellation
of nuclear effects is expected to occur only at a level of ~ 3%, leading to an
accuracy of ~ 12 % in the extraction of the neutron to proton structure
function ratio at x ~ 0.7 -0.8$. Another consequence of considering a broad
range of models of the EMC effect is that the previously suggested iteration
procedure does not improve the accuracy of the extraction of the neutron to
proton structure function ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83744 </DOCNO>
Distributed Broadcast in Wireless Networks with Unknown Topology


  A multi-hop synchronous wirelss network is said to be unknown if the nodes
have no knowledge of the topology. A basic task in wireless network is that of
broadcasting a message (created by a fixed source node) to all nodes of the
network. The multi-broadcast that consists in performing a set of r independent
broadcasts. In this paper, we study the completion and the termination time of
distributed protocols for both the (single) broadcast and the multi-broadcast
operations on unknown networks as functions of the number of nodes n, the
maximum eccentricity D, the maximum in-degree Delta, and the congestion c of
the networks. We establish new connections between these operations and some
combinatorial concepts, such as selective families, strongly-selective families
(also known as superimposed codes), and pairwise r-different families. Such
connections, combined with a set of new lower and upper bounds on the size of
the above families, allow us to derive new lower bounds and new distributed
protocols for the broadcast and multi-broadcast operations. In particular, our
upper bounds are almost tight and improve exponentially over the previous
bounds when D and Delta are polylogarithmic in n. Network topologies having
``small'' eccentricity and ``small'' degree (such as bounded-degree expanders)
are often used in practice to achieve efficient communication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6623 </DOCNO>
Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensed Na Atoms


  There are surface modes on the Bose-Einstein condensed Na atoms so that the
number of vortices diverges when the stirring frequency becomes equal to that
of the surface waves. We introduce the finite life time of the surface modes so
that the number of vortices becomes finite. Usually the number of vortices is a
linear function of the stirring frequency. We find that this linearity is
destroyed by the finite life time and a peaked function emerges with several
peaks, one for each surface mode. The vortices become normal, as they should
be, so that there occurs a phase transition from normal to the superfluid
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97673 </DOCNO>
Derangements and tensor powers of adjoint modules for sl_n


  We obtain the decomposition of the tensor space $\mathfrak{sl}_n^{\otimes k}$
as a module for $\mathfrak{sl}_n$, find an explicit formula for the
multiplicities of its irreducible summands, and (when $n \ge 2k$) describe the
centralizer algebra $C=End_{\mathfrak{sl}_n}(\mathfrak{sl}_n^{\otimes k})$ and
its representations. The multiplicities of the irreducible summands are
derangement numbers in several important instances, and the dimension of $C$ is
given by the number of derangements of a set of $2k$ elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129553 </DOCNO>
Remarkable yellow supergiant variable TmzV429


  We discovered that GSC 6554.559 is a previously unknown variable star, and
named as TmzV429. We noticed that TmzV429 is identified with the IRAS-selected
proto-planetary nebula (PPN), IRAS 08005-2356, which is undergoing a vigorous
mass-loss episode. The analysis of photometric data suggests that TmzV429 a
short-period pulsator, resembling a high-latitude yellow supergiant variable.
TmzV429 is considered to be one of rare objects caught in the rapid course of
PPN evolution, and shows one of the most striking mass-loss features among
variable stars in the PPN stage. Since its evolutionary time-scale is estimated
to be quite short (~150 yrs), future observations of pulsations of TmzV429 is
expected to provide an excellent opportunity to study the stellar evolution in
real time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129568 </DOCNO>
The Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays Above $3 \times 10^{17}$ eV as


  Air showers recorded by the Haverah Park Array during the years 1974 - 1987
have been re-analysed. For the original estimate of the energy spectrum, a
relationship between the ground parameter $\rho$(600) and the primary energy,
as determined by Hillas in the 1970s, was used. Here we describe the energy
spectrum obtained using the QGSJET98 interaction model in the CORSIKA Monte
Carlo code, together with GEANT to simulate the detailed detector response to
ground particles. A new energy spectrum in the range 3 $\times$ 10$^{17}$ eV to
4 $\times$ 10$^{18}$ eV is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95963 </DOCNO>
Quantum Anti-de Sitter Space at Roots of Unity


  This is a short summary of the paper hep-th/9910037. An algebra of functions
on q-deformed Anti-de Sitter space AdS_q^D is defined for q a root of unity,
which is covariant under U_q(so(2,D-1)). The scalar fields have an intrinsic
high- energy cutoff, and arise most naturally on products of the quantum AdS
space with a classical sphere. Hilbert spaces of scalar fields are constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126137 </DOCNO>
A Brief History of Astronomical Brightness Determination Methods at


  In this brief article I review the history of astronomical photometry,
touching on observations made by the ancient Chinese, Hipparchus and Ptolemy,
the development of the concept (and definition) of magnitude, the endeavors of
Argelander and Zoellner, work at Harvard at the end of the 19th century, and
the development of photography, photomultipliers, and CCD's and their
application to astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95973 </DOCNO>
Separable functors in corings


  We give characterizations of the separability of the induction and
ad-induction functors associated to a coring morphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124103 </DOCNO>
Formation of High Mass X-ray Black Hole Binaries


  The discrepancy in the past years of many more black-hole soft X-ray
transients (SXTs), of which a dozen have now been identified, had challenged
accepted wisdom in black hole evolution. The sheer number of inferred SXTs
requires that many, if not most, stars of ZAMS masses $20-35\msun$ end up as
black holes (Portegies Zwart et al. 1997; Ergma & van den Heuvel 1998). In this
paper we show that this can be understood by challenging the accepted wisdom
that the result of helium core burning in a massive star is independent of
whether the core is covered by a hydrogen envelope, or "naked" while it burns.
The latter case occurs in binaries when the envelope of the more massive star
is transferred to the companion by Roche Lobe overflow while in either main
sequence or red giant stage. For solar metallicity, whereas the helium cores
which burn while naked essentially never go into high-mass black holes, those
that burn while clothed do so, beginning at ZAMS mass $\sim 20\msun$, the
precise mass depending on the $^{12}C(\alpha,\gamma)^{16}$O rate as we
outline. In this way the SXTs can be evolved, provided that the H envelope of
the massive star is removed only following the He core burning. We also show
that in order to evolve a black hole of mass $\gsim 10\msun$ such as observed
in Cyg X-1, even employing extremely massive progenitors of ZAMS mass $\gsim
60\msun$ for the black hole, the core must be covered by hydrogen during a
substantial fraction of the core burning. In other words, the progenitor must
be a WNL star. We evolve Cyg X-1 in an analogous way to which the SXTs are
evolved, the difference being that the companion in Cyg X-1 is more massive
than those in the SXTs, so that Cyg X-1 shines continuously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127611 </DOCNO>
The Crab pulsar in the 0.75-30 MeV range as seen by CGRO COMPTEL


  We present the time-averaged characteristics of the Crab pulsar in the
0.75-30 MeV energy window using data from the imaging Compton Telescope COMPTEL
aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) collected over its 9 year
mission. Exploiting the exceptionally long COMPTEL exposure on the Crab allowed
us to derive significantly improved COMPTEL spectra for the Crab nebula and
pulsar emissions, and for the first time to accurately determine at low-energy
gamma-rays the pulse profile as a function of energy. These timing data,
showing the well-known main pulse and second pulse at a phase separation of 0.4
with strong bridge emission, are studied together with data obtained at
soft/hard X-ray energies from the ROSAT HRI, BeppoSAX LECS, MECS and PDS, at
soft gamma-rays from CGRO BATSE and at high-energy gamma-rays from CGRO EGRET
in order to obtain a coherent high-energy picture of the Crab pulsar from 0.1
keV up to 10 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98174 </DOCNO>
Some geometric aspects of variational problems in fibred manifolds


  This work contains an exposition of foundations of the variational calculus
in fibered manifolds. The emphasis is laid on the geometric aspects of the
theory. Especially functionals defined by real functions (Lagrange functions)
or differential forms (Lagrangian forms) on the first jet prolongation of a
given fibered manifold are studied. Critical points (critical cross sections)
of the functionals are examined and the Euler equations for them are derived in
a completely invariant manner. The first variation formula is derived by means
of the so-called Lepagian forms. All variations appearing in the theory are
generated by vector fields. Jet prolongations of projectable vector fields are
defined. The Euler form, associated with a given Lagrange function (of
Lagrangian form) is introduced by means of the Euler equations of the calculus
of variations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the vanishing of the
Euler form are stated in terms of differential forms and their exterior
differential. The corresponding conditions for a Lagrange function leading to
identically vanishing Euler equations are given. Some special Lepagian forms
are studied. Classes of symmetries of a variational problem are defined.
Invariant, generalized invariant, and symmetry transformations are
characterized in terms of the Lie derivatives. The variational problem with
prescribed symmetry transformations is formulated, and necessary and sufficient
conditions for its solutions are studied. The geometrical aspects of the
so-called generally covariant variational theories are studied. Definitions and
theorems are well adapted to the situation in physical field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2299 </DOCNO>
Effect of Crystal Structure to Resonant X-Ray Scattering on YTiO3


  We investigate the mechanism of the resonant X-ray scattering on the Ti $K$
edge region of YTiO$_3$ using the band structure calculation combined with the
local density approximation. A large intensity is obtained for the orbital
superlattice spots. The calculated spectra consist of several peaks as a
function of photon energy in agreement with the recent experiments. Against a
naive interpretation that directly relates the intensity to the orbitally
polarized $3d$ states, the obtained large intensity arises from the distorted
crystal structure, i.e., the tilt of the TiO$_6$ octahedra and the Jahn-Teller
distortion, which considerably modifies the $4p$ states in the intermediate
states of the dipolar process. This casts doubt on a prevailing assertion that
the resonant x-ray scattering is a direct observation of the orbital order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81197 </DOCNO>
Lattice study of the simplified model of M-theory for larger gauge


  Lattice discretization of the supersymmetric Yang-Mills quantum mechanics is
dis cussed. First results of the quenched Monte Carlo simulations, for D=4 and
with higher g auge groups (3 <= N <= 8), are presented. We confirm an earlier
(N=2) evidence tha t the system reveals different behaviours at low and high
temperatures separated by a narrow transiti on region. These two regimes may
correspond to a black hole and elementary excitations phases conjectured in the
M-theory. Dependence of the "transition temperature" on N is consistent with 't
Hooft scaling and shows a smooth saturation of lattice results towards the
large N limit. Is not yet resolved if the observed change between the two
regimes corresponds to a genuine phase transition or to a gentle crossover . A
new, noncompact formulation of the lattice model is also proposed and its
advantages are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1628 </DOCNO>
Prediction of a surface state and a related surface insulator-metal


  We calculate the temperature and layer-dependent electronic structure of a
20-layer EuO(100)-film using a combination of first-principles and model
calculation based on the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice model. The results suggest
the existence of a EuO(100) surface state which can lead to a surface
insulator-metal transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126661 </DOCNO>
The DLAs contribution to the metal content of the high z Universe


  We investigate the evolutionary history of the Universe's metal content
focusing on the chemical abundance of several elements (N, O, S, Si, Fe, Cr,
Zn) taken from observational data and predictions from chemical evolution
models. The estimated abundances were observed in Damped Lyman alpha Systems
(DLAs) over a wide range of redshift (z ~ 0.5-4.5). These data are compared to
predictions of chemical evolution models. Since the nature of the DLAs is
uncertain, they are represented by two class of models: models with galactic
winds describing dwarf galaxies and with infall representing disk galaxies. In
order to settle constraints for star formation timescales in DLAs, we use the
ratios [alpha/Fe] and [N/alpha] in the comparison to the predictions of the
models. These ratios in DLAs are only partially reproduced by the disk and
dwarf galaxy models suggesting that the DLAs come from a variety of
morphological types of galaxies and not only one. They also imply a typically
long timescale for the star formation in these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77047 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Exotic-Leptons at LHC


  We investigate the production, signatures and backgrounds of a pair of
heavy-exotic charged leptons and a heavy-exotic neutrino together with the
exotic charged lepton in the framework of the vector singlet model, vector
doublet model, and fermion-mirror-fermion model, at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider (LHC). We still show that the cross-sections for the case of the
production of a pair of heavy exotic leptons are competitive with the ones for
the single production of exotic leptons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73298 </DOCNO>
Electro-strong interaction and high Q^2 events at HERA


  A previously proposed unified field theory of electro-strong interactions
requires two scales of length within hadrons, $\sim10^{-15}m$ and
$\sim10^{-18}m$ respectively, and the onset of new phenomena at the shorter
scale. Studies at the HERA electron-proton collider at the shorter scale have
revealed a possible excess of high-transverse momentum events, as expected,
with $Q^2 \geq 30,000$ $(Gev/c)^2$. The collider is currently being upgraded.
This will permit a clearer test to be carried out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86312 </DOCNO>
Photon Decay at the Schwarzschild Horizon


  A recent proposal that gravity theory is an emergent phenomenon also entails
the possibility of photon decay near the Schwarzschild event horizon. We
present a possible mechanism for such decay, which utilizes a dimensional
reduction near the horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86222 </DOCNO>
A Positive Cosmological Constant in String Theory Through Ads/CFT


  There are two important examples of physical systems which violate the strong
energy condition : Universes (like, it would seem, our own) with a positive
cosmological constant, and wormholes. We suggest that a positive cosmological
constant can be reconciled with string theory by considering wormholes in
string backgrounds. This is argued in two directions : first, we show that
brane-worlds with positive cosmological constants give rise to bulk
singularities which are best resolved by embedding the brane-world in an
AdS/CFT wormhole; and second, for the simplest kind of wormhole in an
asymptotically AdS space, we show that the IR stability of the matter needed to
keep the wormhole open requires the presence of a brane-world. UV stability
conditions then forbid a negative cosmological constant on the brane-world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81282 </DOCNO>
New Initial Conditions for Quantum Field Simulations after a Quench


  We investigate a new way of using the quantum fluctuations in the vacuum as
initial conditions for subsequent classical field dynamics. This method avoids
problems with renormalization and leads to better thermalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127037 </DOCNO>
The deeply embedded starburst in SBS 0335-052


  We present 4-micron ISAAC imaging and spectroscopy of the extremely
metal-poor dwarf galaxy SBS 0335-052, aimed at a better understanding of the
dust in this low-metallicity galaxy. The 4-micron emission turns out to be very
compact, confined to the brightest pair of Super Star Clusters (SSCs). The
Ks-L$^\prime$ color is extremely red, and the $L^\prime$ emission is consistent
with the extrapolation of the ISO mid-infrared spectral energy distribution
(SED). From hydrogen recombination lines and a fit to the near-/mid-infrared
SED, we confirm a visual extinction of >= 15 mag. Our data suggest that the
sites of the optical and infrared emission are distinct: the optical spectral
lines come from an almost dustless region with a high star formation rate and a
few thousand OB stars. This region lies along the line-of-sight to a very dusty
central star cluster in which there are more than three times as many massive
stars, completely hidden in the optical. From the extinction, we derive an
upper limit for the dust mass of 10^5 M$_\odot$ which could be produced by
recent supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41022 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the decays B-->phi K and B-->phi K^*


  We have observed the decays B-->phi K and phi K^* in a sample of over 45
million B mesons collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider. The
measured branching fractions are BF(B^+ --> phi K^+) = (7.7^{+1.6}_{-1.4}+/-
0.8) x 10^{-6}, BF(B^0 --> phi K^0) = (8.1^{+3.1}_{-2.5}+/- 0.8) x 10^{-6},
BF(B^+ --> phi K^{*+}) = (9.7^{+4.2}_{-3.4}+/- 1.7) x 10^{-6}, and BF(B^0 -->
phi K^{*0}) = (8.6^{+2.8}_{-2.4}+/- 1.1) x 10^{-6}. We also report the upper
limit BF(B^+ --> phi pi^+) < 1.4 x 10^{-6}$ (90% CL).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126806 </DOCNO>
X-ray Bursts from the Source A1742-294 in the Galactic-Center Region


  We present results of observations of the X-ray burster A1742-294 near the
Galactic center with the ART-P telescope onboard the Granat observatory. The
shape of its persistent spectra was well described by the model of
bremsstrahlung from optically thin plasma, and it had remained essentially
unchanged over $\sim2.5$ years of observations. We show that the mean interval
between X-ray bursts from the source is several times shorter than assumed
previously, and that the burst profile itself depends on the flux during the
burst. We analyze in detail the strong X-ray burst detected from this source on
October 18, 1990, and trace the evolution of its luminosity and radiation
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1717 </DOCNO>
Exact Finite-Size Scaling and Corrections to Scaling in the Ising Model


  The Ising model in two dimensions with the special boundary conditions of
Brascamp and Kunz is analysed. Leading and sub-dominant scaling behaviour of
the Fisher zeroes are determined exactly. The finite-size scaling, with
corrections, of the specific heat is determined both at the critical and
pseudocritical points. The shift exponents associated with scaling of the
pseudocritical points are not the same as the inverse correlation length
critical exponent. All corrections to scaling are analytic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149148 </DOCNO>
A note on composite operators in N=4 SYM


  We discuss composite operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory and their
realisations as superfields on different superspaces. The superfields that
realise various operators on analytic superspace may be different in the free,
interacting and quantum theories. In particular, in the quantum theory, there
is a restricted class of operators that can be written as analytic tensor
superfields. This class includes all series B and C operators in the theory as
well as some series A operators which saturate the unitarity bounds. Operators
of this type are expected to be protected from renormalisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 638 </DOCNO>
From the Square Lattice to the Checkerboard Lattice : Spin Wave and


  Within a spin wave analysis and a fermionic large-n limit, it is shown that
the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the checkerboard lattice may have
different ground states, depending on the spin size $S$. Through an additional
exchange interaction that corresponds to an inter-tetrahedra coupling, the
stability of the N\'eel state has been explored for all cases from the square
lattice to the isotropic checkerboard lattice. Away from the isotropic limit
and within the linear spin wave approximation, it is shown that there exists a
critical coupling for which the local magnetization of the N\'eel state
vanishes for any value of the spin $S$. One the other hand, using the
Dyson-Maleev approximation, this result is valid only in the case $S= \frac12$
and the limit between a stable and an unstable N\'eel state is at S=1. For $S=
\frac12$, the fermionic large-n limit suggests that the ground state is a
valence bond solid build with disconnected 4-spins singlets. This analysis
indicates that for low spin and in the isotropic limit, the checkerboard
antiferromagnet may be close to an instability between an ordered S=0 ground
state and a magnetized ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96978 </DOCNO>
Tree-like properties of cycle factorizations


  We provide a bijection between the set of factorizations, that is,
ordered (n-1)-tuples of transpositions in ${\mathcal S}_{n}$ whose product is
(12...n), and labelled trees on $n$ vertices. We prove a refinement of a
theorem of D\'{e}nes that establishes new tree-like properties of
factorizations. In particular, we show that a certain class of transpositions
of a factorization correspond naturally under our bijection to leaf edges of a
tree. Moreover, we give a generalization of this fact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99084 </DOCNO>
Elliptic Dynamical R-Matrices from the Monodromy of the


  We give an explicit formula for the exchange matrix correponding to the
tensor product of two copies of the natural (standard) evaluation
representation of the quantum group associated to the affine Lie algebra of
sl(n+1). Then we calculate the gauge trasformations that transforms it into
Felder's elliptic solution of the quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation, for
the proper parameters. All intermediate formulas are explicitly calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174760 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry and the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction: Developing an


  We present an accurate nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential based upon chiral
effective Lagrangians. The model includes one- and two-pion exchange
contributions up to chiral order three and contact terms (which represent the
short range force) up to order four. Within this framework, the NN phase shifts
below 300 MeV lab. energy and the properties of the deuteron are reproduced
with high-precision. This chiral NN potential may serve as a reliable starting
point for testing the chiral effective field theory approach in exact
few-nucleon and microscopic nuclear many-body calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76885 </DOCNO>
Neutron Beta Decay in a Left-Right Symmetric Model


  We start from a Left-Right Symmetric Model and we analyze the beta decay of
the free neutron $n\to p+e^{-}+\bar{\nu}_{e}$. We applied this model to
incorporate the right currents, whereby we propose an amplitude whose leptonic
part contains the parameter $\lambda $ defined as left-right asymmetry
parameter which measures the parity violation. The analysis consists of seeing
how the spectrum of energy of the electrons, the total rate of decay, and the
lifetime $\tau $ of the neutron are affected by the left-right asymmetry
parameter, besides taking into account corrections of mass, that is, $m_{e}\neq
0$, $m_{p}\neq m_{n}$, and the recoil of the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168508 </DOCNO>
Normal forms, entanglement monotones and optimal filtration of


  We consider one single copy of a mixed state of a multipartite system of
arbitrary dimension and bring those states in a normal form by a class of local
operations and classical communication (SLOCC). These normal forms are uniquely
defined up to local unitary transformations and are a generalization of the
Bell diagonal states in that any partial trace over all systems but one yields
a multiple of the identity matrix. We next investigate how the entanglement of
mixed multipartite systems changes under the action of SLOCC operations and
introduce a whole new class of entanglement monotones. All these entanglement
monotones are maximized under the SLOCC operations that bring the state into
its normal form. As specific examples we show that the concurrence and the
3-tangle belong to the introduced class of entanglement measures, and we
propose generalizations to systems of arbitrary dimension. Finally, the local
operations that bring a state into normal form are shown to be the optimal
filtering operations in the sense that they maximize all the introduced
entanglement monotones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40683 </DOCNO>
Photon collider at TESLA: parameters and interaction region issues


  Photon colliders (gamma-gamma, gamma-e) are based on backward Compton
scattering of laser light off the high energy electrons of linear colliders.
Recent study has shown that the gamma-gamma luminosity in the high energy peak
can reach 0.3--0.5 L (e+e-). Typical cross sections of interesting processes in
gamma-gamma collisions are higher than those in e+e- collisions by about one
order of magnitude, so the number of events in gamma-gamma collisions will be
more than that in e+e- collisions. In this paper possible parameters of a
photon collider at TESLA and a laser scheme are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4147 </DOCNO>
Surface-induced magnetic anisotropy for impurity spins in granular AuFe


  The theory of the surface-induced anisotropy is extended to the case of
granular films of dilute magnetic alloys. Since the surface-induced blocking of
a magnetic-impurity spin appears to be very sensitive to the specific
polycrystalline structure, we speculate that the apparent discrepancy between
the experimental results of different groups for the size dependence of the
Kondo resistivity can be linked to different microstructure of the samples. We
apply our model to calculate the magnetization of impurity spins in small AuFe
grains and to interpret the experimental data on the anomalous Hall effect in
thin Fe doped Au films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2663 </DOCNO>
Optimization of congested traffic flow in systems with a localized


  We study traffic flow on roads with a localized periodic inhomogeneity such
as traffic signals, using a stochastic car-following model. We find that in
cases of congestion, traffic flow can be optimized by controlling the
inhomogeneity's frequency. By studying the wavelength dependence of the flux in
stop-and-go traffic states, and exploring their stability, we are able to
explain the optimization process. A general conclusion drawn from this study
is, that the fundamental diagram of traffic (density flux relation) has to be
generalized to include the influence of wavelength on the flux, for the
stop-and-go traffic. Projecting the generalized fundamental diagram on the
density-flux plane yields a 2D region, qualitatively similar to that found
empirically [B. S. Kerner, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 81}, 3797 (1998)] in
synchronized flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125815 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal Phenomena in Clusters of Galaxies


  Recent observations of high energy (> 20 keV) X-ray emission in a few
clusters extend and broaden our knowledge of physical phenomena in the
intracluster space. This emission is likely to be nonthermal, probably
resulting from Compton scattering of relativistic electrons by the cosmic
microwave background radiation. Direct evidence for the presence of
relativistic electrons in some 30 clusters comes from measurements of extended
radio emission in their central regions. I first review the results from RXTE
and BeppoSAX measurements of a small sample of clusters, and then discuss their
implications on the mean values of intracluster magnetic fields and
relativistic electron energy densities. Implications on the origin of the
fields and electrons are briefly considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75687 </DOCNO>
Sudakov effects in B -> pi l nu form factors


  In order to obtain information about the Standard Model from exclusive
hadronic two-body B-decays, we have to quantify non-perturbative QCD effects.
Approaches based on the factorization of mass singularities into hadronic
distribution amplitudes and form factors provide a rigorous theoretical
framework for the evaluation of these effects in the heavy quark limit. But it
is not possible to calculate power corrections in a model-independent way,
because of non-factorizing long-distance contributions. It has been argued that
Sudakov effects suppress these contributions and render the corresponding
corrections perturbatively calculable. In this paper we examine this claim for
the related example of semileptonic B -> pi decays and conclude that it is not
justified. The uncertainties in our knowledge of the mesons' distribution
amplitudes imply that the calculations of the form factors are not sufficiently
precise to be useful phenomenologically. Moreover, a significant contribution
comes from the non-perturbative region of large impact parameters, and is
therefore uncalculable. We also raise a number of theoretical issues in the
derivation of the underlying formalism. For B-decays it is thus not possible to
invoke Sudakov effects to calculate amplitudes for decays which have
long-distance divergences (end-point singularities) in the standard
hard-scattering approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74420 </DOCNO>
Debye Screening Mass from effective Potentials in Lattice Gauge Theory


  In this paper, we use a definition of the Debye screening mass in SU(2) pure
gauge theory at high temperature in 3+1 dimensions, that makes use of the walls
between different $Z_2$ domains. We show, that this definition enables us to
unambiguously obtain the Debye Screening mass from the curvature of the
effective potential for the Polyakov loops calculated in the modified axial
gauge. Using an approach on asymmetric lattices, we obtain numerical values for
the Debye mass and compare them to perturbative as well as Monte-Carlo results.
Our resulting Debye-Masses are significantly higher than the one-loop
perturbative one. They are within the errors in agreement with those obtained
by Monte-Carlo methods. Open questions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 243 </DOCNO>
The exact renormalization group in Astrophysics


  The coarse-graining operation in hydrodynamics is equivalent to a change of
scale which can be formalized as a renormalization group transformation. In
particular, its application to the probability distribution of a
self-gravitating fluid yields an "exact renormalization group equation" of
Fokker-Planck type. Since the time evolution of that distribution can also be
described by a Fokker-Planck equation, we propose a connection between both
equations, that is, a connection between scale and time evolution. We finally
remark on the essentially non-perturbative nature of astrophysical problems,
which suggests that the exact renormalization group is the adequate tool for
them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124203 </DOCNO>
Galactic Center: Implications of Recent Chandra Observations for


  At the center of the Milky Way lurks a unique compact nonthermal radio
source, Sgr A*. It is thought to be powered by a 2.6 million solar mass black
hole that is accreting the stellar winds from the numerous early-type stars
that exist in the central parsec. However, until recent high resolution Chandra
observations, Sgr A* had never been unequivocably detected at wavelengths
shorter than the sub-millimeter. We present a spherical accretion model which
is consistent with both the flux and steep spectral shape of the X-ray emission
from Sgr A*.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87284 </DOCNO>
Exploring the global topology of the universe


  In this talk work done by our group on cosmic topology is reviewed. It ranges
from early attempts to solve a famous controversy about quasars through the
multiplicity of images, to quantum cosmology in this context and an application
to QED renormalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1759 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic effects in tunneling between parallel quantum wires


  We consider a phase-coherent system of two parallel quantum wires that are
coupled via a tunneling barrier of finite length. The usual perturbative
treatment of tunneling fails in this case, even in the diffusive limit, once
the length L of the coupling region exceeds a characteristic length scale L_t
set by tunneling. Exact solution of the scattering problem posed by the
extended tunneling barrier allows us to compute tunneling conductances as a
function of applied voltage and magnetic field. We take into account charging
effects in the quantum wires due to applied voltages and find that these are
important for 1D-to-1D tunneling transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148315 </DOCNO>
Integrable Many-Body Systems via Inozemtsev Limit


  The Inozemtsev limit (IL) or the scaling limit is known to be a procedure
applied to the elliptic Calogero Model. It is a combination of the
trigonometric limit, infinite shifts of particles coordinates and rescalings of
the coupling constants. As a result, one obtains an exponential type of
interaction. In the recent paper it is shown that the IL applied to the
$sl(N,\bf C)$ elliptic Euler-Calogero Model and the elliptic Gaudin Model
produces new Toda-like systems of $N$ interacting particles endowed with
additional degrees of freedom corresponding to a coadjoint orbit in $sl(n,\bf
C)$. The limits corresponding to the complete degeneration of the orbital
degrees provide only ordinary periodic and non periodic Toda systems. We
introduce a classification of the systems appearing in the $sl(3,\bf C)$ case
via IL. The classification is represented on two-dimensional space of
parameters describing the infinite shifts of the coordinates. This space is
subdivided into symmetric domains. The mixture of the Toda and the
trigonometric Calogero-Sutherland potentials emerges on the low dimensional
domain walls of this picture. Due to obvious symmetries this classification can
be generalized to the arbitrary number of particles. We also apply IL to
$sl(2,\bf C)$ elliptic Gaudin Model with two marked points on the elliptic
curve and discuss main features of its possible limits. The limits of Lax
matrices are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86078 </DOCNO>
On Hyperbolic "Theories" of Relativistic Dissipative Fluids


  It is argued that, at least for the case of Navier-Stokes fluids, the
so-called hyperbolic theories of dissipation are not viable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76182 </DOCNO>
Quark number susceptibilities from HTL-resummed thermodynamics


  We compute analytically the diagonal quark number susceptibilities for a
quark-gluon plasma at finite temperature and zero chemical potential, and
compare with recent lattice results. The calculation uses the approximately
self-consistent resummation of hard thermal and dense loops that we have
developed previously. For temperatures between 1.5 to 5 $T_c$, our results
follow the same trend as the lattice data, but exceed them in magnitude by
about 5-10%. We also compute the lowest order contribution, of order
$\alpha_s^3\log(1/\alpha_s)$, to the off-diagonal susceptibility. This
contribution, which is not a part of our self-consistent calculation, is
numerically small, but not small enough to be compatible with a recent lattice
simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6865 </DOCNO>
Huge Enhancement of Impurity Scattering due to Critical Valence


  On the basis of the Ward-Pitaevskii identity, the residual resistivity
$\rho_{0}$ is shown to exhibit huge enhancement around the quantum critical
point of valence transition in Ce-based heavy electron systems. This explains a
sharp peak of $\rho_{0}$ observed in CeCu$_2$Ge$_2$ under the pressure at
$P\sim$16GPa where the superconducting trasition temperature also exhibit the
sharp peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169179 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Measures with Weak-Monotonicity as Lower (Upper) Bound for


  We consider a weak form of monotonicity condition for entanglement measures.
We derive a few properties of the entanglement measure with weak-monotonicity.
We show that normalized forms of the entanglement measures with
weak-monotonicity are lower (upper) bound the entanglement of cost
(distillation).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73439 </DOCNO>
Erratum: Bremsstrahlung from an Equilibrating Quark-Gluon Plasma [Phys.


  The implications of a numerical error in the photon production rate on the
direct photon spectrum of a chemically non-equilibrated quark-gluon plasma are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124787 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Light Curves of Gamma-ray Bursts Detected with the All-Sky Monitor


  We present X-ray light curves (1.5-12 keV) for fifteen gamma-ray bursts
(GRBs) detected by the All-Sky Monitor on the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We
compare these soft X-ray light curves with count rate histories obtained by the
high-energy (>12 keV) experiments BATSE, Konus-Wind, the BeppoSAX Gamma-Ray
Burst Monitor, and the burst monitor on Ulysses. We discuss these light curves
within the context of a simple relativistic fireball and synchrotron shock
paradigm, and we address the possibility of having observed the transition
between a GRB and its afterglow. The light curves show diverse morphologies,
with striking differences between energy bands. In several bursts, intervals of
significant emission are evident in the ASM energy range with little or no
corresponding emission apparent in the high-energy light curves. For example,
the final peak of GRB 970815 as recorded by the ASM is only detected in the
softest BATSE energy bands. We also study the duration of bursts as a function
of energy. Simple, singly-peaked bursts seem consistent with the E^{-0.5} power
law expected from an origin in synchrotron radiation, but durations of bursts
that exhibit complex temporal structure are not consistent with this
prediction. Bursts such as GRB 970828 that show many short spikes of emission
at high energies last significantly longer at low energies than the synchrotron
cooling law would predict.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126545 </DOCNO>
Source Ellipticity and the Statistics of Lensed Arcs


  The statistics of gravitationally lensed arcs, which can be used for a
variety of cosmological tests, are sensitive to the intrinsic shapes of the
source galaxies. I present an analytic formalism that makes it simple to
include elliptical sources in analytic calculations of lens statistics. For
cuspy lens models, sources with an axis ratio of 2:1 enhance the total number
of arcs longer than 10:1 by a factor of order two, while modestly decreasing
the number ratio of radial arcs to tangential arcs. Source ellipticity is
therefore an important systematic effect in detailed quantitative studies, but
it should not hinder cosmological applications such as attempts to constrain
cluster dark matter profiles with arc statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3136 </DOCNO>
Thermal transport measurements of individual multiwalled nanotubes


  The thermal conductivity and thermoelectric power of a single carbon nanotube
were measured using a microfabricated suspended device. The observed thermal
conductivity is more than 3000 W/K m at room temperature, which is two orders
of magnitude higher than the estimation from previous experiments that used
macroscopic mat samples. The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity
of nanotubes exhibits a peak at 320 K due to the onset of Umklapp phonon
scattering. The measured thermoelectric power shows linear temperature
dependence with a value of 80 $\mu$V/K at room temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124000 </DOCNO>
Photometric study of the double cluster h and chi Persei


  We present uvbybeta CCD photometry of the central region of the double
cluster h and chi Persei. We identify 350 stars, of which 214 were not included
in Oosterhof catalogue. Our magnitude limit V=16.5 allows us to reach early F
spectral type and obtain very accurate fits to the ZAMS. We derive reddening
values of E(b-y)=0.44+-0.02 for h Persei and E(b-y)=0.39+-0.05 for chi Persei.
  From the ZAMS fitting, we derive distance moduli V0-Mv=11.66+-0.20 and
V0-Mv=11.56+-0.20 for h and chi Persei respectively. These values are perfectly
compatible with both clusters being placed at the same distance and having
identical reddenings. The shift in the main-sequence turnoff and isochrone
fitting, however, show that there is a significant age difference between both
clusters, with the bulk of stars in h Persei being older than chi Persei. There
is, however, a significant population of stars in h Persei which are younger
than chi Persei. All this argues for at least three different epochs of star
formation, corresponding approximately to log t=7.0, 7.15 and 7.3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41532 </DOCNO>
W Boson Properties


  Studying the properties of the W boson naturally plays a key role in
precision tests of the Standard Model. In this paper, the key measurements
performed at LEP and the Tevatron over the last decade are reviewed. The
current world knowledge of the W boson production and decay properties, gauge
couplings, and mass are presented, with an emphasis on the most recent results
from LEP2. Some estimates of the sensitivity of the upcoming Tevatron RunII are
also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114321 </DOCNO>
Propagation of electromagnetically generated wake fields in


  Generation of wake fields by a short electromagnetic pulse in a plasma with
an inhomogeneous background magnetic field and density profile is considered,
and a wave equation is derived. Transmission and reflection coefficients are
calculated in a medium with sharp discontinuities. Particular attention is
focused on examples where the longitudinal part of the electromagnetic field is
amplified for the transmitted wave. Furthermore, it is noted that the wake
field can propagate out of the plasma and thereby provide information about the
electron density profile. A method for reconstructing the background density
profile from a measured wake field spectrum is proposed and a numerical example
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98646 </DOCNO>
Twisted superYangians and their representations


  Starting with the superYangian Y(M|N) based on gl(M|N), we define twisted
superYangians Y^+(M|N) and Y^-(M|N). Only Y^+(M|2n) and Y^-(2m|N) can be
defined, and appear to be isomorphic one with each other. We study their
finite-dimensional irreducible highest weight representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149642 </DOCNO>
Quantizing Yang-Mills Theory on a 2-Point Space


  We perform the Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization of Yang-Mills theory on a
2-point space, discussing the formulation of Connes-Lott as well as Connes'
real spectral triple approach. Despite of the model's apparent simplicity the
gauge structure reveals infinite reducibility and the gauge fixing is afflicted
with the Gribov problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149291 </DOCNO>
On the Interquark Potential calculation from Dirac Brackets


  We obtain the binding energy of an infinitely heavy quark-antiquark pair from
Dirac brackets by computing the expectation value of the pure QCD Hamiltonian.
This procedure exploits the rich structure of the dressing around static
fermions. Some subtle points related to exhibing explicitly the interquark
energy are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75829 </DOCNO>
A Covariant Feynman Path Amplitude Calculation of Neutrino and Muon


  Predictions are presented for the oscillation phase in neutrino oscillations
following pion decay at rest and in flight, muon decay and nuclear
$\beta-$decay at rest as well as for muon oscillations following pion decay at
rest and in flight. The neutrino oscillation phases found disagree with the
conventionally used value: $\phi_{12} = \Delta m^2 L/(2P)$. The same
oscillation phase is found for neutrino and muon oscillations following pion
decay at rest. Shortcomings of previous treatments of the quantum mechanics of
neutrino oscillations are commented on.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75276 </DOCNO>
Closed System of Equations on a Brane


  We obtain a generic closed system of equations on a brane that describes its
inner evolution and give a method for extending solutions on the brane to the
bulk. We also discuss the cosmological implications of the closed system of
equations obtained. We consider bulk spaces with both spacelike and timelike
extra dimension, with and without the $Z_2$ symmetry of reflection relative to
the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76213 </DOCNO>
Tau and Charm physics highlights


  In tau physics, we are at the frontier between the completion of the LEP
program and the start of analyses from b-factories, which are expected to
produce results in the coming years. Nice results from CLEO are steadily
delivered in the meantime. For charm, impressive progress have been achieved by
fixed target experiments in the search for CP violation and D^0 - \bar D^0
oscillations. First results from b-factories demonstrate the power of these
facilities in such areas. The novel measurement of the D* width by CLEO happens
to be rather different from current expectations. The absence of a charm
factory explains the lack or the very slow progress in the absolute scale
determinations for charm decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2259 </DOCNO>
Self-similarity and novel sample-length-dependence of conductance in


  We study the transport of electrons in a Fibonacci magnetic superlattice
produced on a two-dimensional electron gas modulated by parallel magnetic field
stripes arranged in a Fibonacci sequence. Both the transmission coefficient and
conductance exhibit self-similarity and the six-circle property. The presence
of extended states yields a finite conductivity at infinite length, that may be
detected as an abrupt change in the conductance as the Fermi energy is varied,
much as a metal-insulator transition. This is a unique feature of transport in
this new kind of structure, arising from its inherent two-dimensional nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76458 </DOCNO>
Constraints on self-interacting Q-ball dark matter


  We consider different types of Q-balls as self-interacting dark matter. For
the Q-balls to act as the dark matter of the universe they should not
evaporate, which requires them to carry very large charges; depending on the
type, the minimum charge could be as high as Q \sim 10^{33} or the Q-ball
coupling to ordinary matter as small as \sim 10^{-35}. The
cross-section-to-mass ratio needed for self-interacting dark matter implies a
mass scale of m \sim O(1) MeV for the quanta that the Q-balls consist of, which
is very difficult to achieve in the MSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98480 </DOCNO>
Jacobi structures revisited


  Jacobi algebroids, that is graded Lie brackets on the Grassmann algebra
associated with a vector bundle which satisfy a property similar to that of the
Jacobi brackets, are introduced. They turn out to be equivalent to generalized
Lie algebroids in the sense of Iglesias and Marrero and can be viewed also as
odd Jacobi brackets on the supermanifolds associated with the vector bundles.
Jacobi bialgebroids are defined in the same manner. A lifting procedure of
elements of this Grassmann algebra to multivector fields on the total space of
the vector bundle which preserves the corresponding brackets is developed. This
gives the possibility of associating canonically a Lie algebroid with any local
Lie algebra in the sense of Kirillov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 695 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in Dense $MgB_2$ Wires


  $MgB_2$ becomes superconducting just below 40 K. Whereas porous
polycrystalline samples of $MgB_2$ can be synthesized from boron powders, in
this letter we demonstrate that dense wires of $MgB_2$ can be prepared by
exposing boron filaments to $Mg$ vapor. The resulting wires have a diameter of
160 ${\mu}m$, are better than 80% dense and manifest the full $\chi =
-1/4{\pi}$ shielding in the superconducting state. Temperature-dependent
resistivity measurements indicate that $MgB_2$ is a highly conducting metal in
the normal state with $\rho (40 K)$ = 0.38 $\mu Ohm$-$cm$. Using this value, an
electronic mean free path, $l \approx 600~\AA$ can be estimated, indicating
that $MgB_2$ wires are well within the clean limit. $T_c$, $H_{c2}(T)$, and
$J_c$ data indicate that $MgB_2$ manifests comparable or better superconducting
properties in dense wire form than it manifests as a sintered pellet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6750 </DOCNO>
Tip effects in scanning tunnelling microscopy of atomic-scale magnetic


  The spin-polarized scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) can in principle
resolve not only the electronic, but also the magnetic surface structure. We
model recent STM measurements achieving magnetic resolution on the atomic scale
by a first-principles method. It is shown that the signature of a specific
magnetic or non-magnetic STM tip can unambiguously be identified. It is also
established that the model of Tersoff and Hamann would yield an electronic as
well as magnetic contrast of the surface which is well below STM resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98591 </DOCNO>
The $S^1$ fixed points in Quot-schemes and mirror principle computations


  We describe the $S^1$-action on the Quot-scheme $\Quot({\cal E}^n)$
associated to the trivial bundle ${\cal E}^n=CP^1\times{\smallBbb C}^n$. In
particlular, the topology of the $S^1$-fixed-point components in $\Quot({\cal
E}^n)$ and the $S^1$-weights of the normal bundle of these components are
worked out. Mirror Principle, as developed by three of the current authors in
the series of work [L-L-Y1, I, II, III, IV], is a method for studying certain
intersection numbers on a stable map moduli space. As an application, in Mirror
Principle III, Sec 5.4, an outline was given in the case of genus zero with
target a flag manifold. The results on $S^1$ fixed points in this paper are
used here to do explicit Mirror Principle computations in the case of
Grassmannian manifolds. In fact, Mirror Principle computations involve only a
certain distinguished subcollection of the $S^1$-fixed-point components. These
components are identified and are labelled by Young tableaus. The
$S^1$-equivariant Euler class $e_{S^1}$ of the normal bundle to these
components is computed. A diagrammatic rule that allows one to write down
$e_{S^1}$ directly from the Young tableau is given. From this, the
aforementioned intersection numbers on the moduli space of stable maps can be
worked out. Two examples are given to illustrate our method. Using our method,
the A-model for Calabi-Yau complete intersections in a Grassmannian manifold
can now also be computed explicitly. This work is motivated by the intention to
provide further details of mirror principle and to understand the relation to
physical theory. Some related questions are listed for further study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41256 </DOCNO>
Unknowns after the SNO Charged-Current Measurement


  We perform a model-independent analysis of solar neutrino flux rates
including the recent charged-current measurement at the Sudbury Neutrino
Observatory (SNO). We derive a universal sum rule involving SNO and
SuperKamiokande rates, and show that the SNO neutral-current measurement can
not fix the fraction of solar $\nu_e$ oscillating to sterile neutrinos. The
large uncertainty in the SSM $^8$B flux impedes a determination of the sterile
neutrino fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2529 </DOCNO>
Dynamical foundations of nonextensive statistical mechanics


  We construct classes of stochastic differential equations with fluctuating
friction forces that generate a dynamics correctly described by Tsallis
statistics and nonextensive statistical mechanics. These systems generalize the
way in which ordinary Langevin equations underly ordinary statistical mechanics
to the more general nonextensive case. As a main example, we construct a
dynamical model of velocity fluctuations in a turbulent flow, which generates
probability densities that very well fit experimentally measured probability
densities in Eulerian and Lagrangian turbulence. Our approach provides a
dynamical reason why many physical systems with fluctuations in temperature or
energy dissipation rate are correctly described by Tsallis statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73262 </DOCNO>
The flavour asymmetry of polarized anti-quarks in the nucleon


  We present a study of the flavour asymmetry of polarized anti-quarks in the
nucleon using the meson cloud model. We include contributions both from the
vector mesons and the interference terms of pseudoscalar and vector mesons.
Employing the bag model, we first give the polarized valence quark distribution
of the $\rho$ meson and the interference distributions. Our calculations show
that the interference effect mildly increases the prediction for $\Delta
\dbar(x)-\Delta \ubar(x)$ at intermediate $x$ region. We also discuss the
contribution of `Pauli blocking' to the asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5337 </DOCNO>
Frustration driven lattice distortion; an NMR investigation of Y2Mo2O7


  We have investigated the 89Y NMR spectrum and spin lattice relaxation, T1, in
the magnetically frustrated pyrochlore Y2Mo2O7. We find that upon cooling the
spectrum shifts, and broadens asymmetrically. A detailed examination of the low
T spectrum reveals that it is constructed from multiple peaks, each shifted by
a different amount. We argue that this spectrum is due to discrete lattice
distortions, and speculate that these distortions relieve the frustration and
reduce the system's energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73264 </DOCNO>
After bulky brane inflation


  Reheating or entropy production on the three-brane from a decaying bulk
scalar field is studied in the brane-world picture of the Universe. It is shown
that a significant amount of dark radiation is produced in this process unless
only the specific modes are excited, so that subsequent entropy production
within the brane is required in general before primordial nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7223 </DOCNO>
Non-BCS pairing in anisotropic strongly correlated electron systems in


  The problem of pairing in anisotropic electron systems possessing patches of
fermion condensate in the vicinity of the van Hove points is analyzed.
Attention is directed to opportunities for the occurrence of non-BCS pairing
correlations between the states belonging to the fermion condensate. It is
shown that the physical emergence of such pairing correlations would
drastically alter the behavior of the single-particle Green function, the
canonical pole of Fermi-liquid theory being replaced by a branch point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128446 </DOCNO>
On the Radial Structure of Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flows with


  We consider the radial structure of radiatively inefficient hydrodynamic
accretion flows around black holes. We show that low-viscosity flows consist of
two zones: an outer convection-dominated zone and an inner advection-dominated
zone. The transition between these two zones occurs at ~50 Schwarzschild radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168038 </DOCNO>
Mimicking a Kerrlike medium in the dispersive regime of second-harmonic


  We find an effective Hamiltonian describing the process of second-harmonic
generation in the far-off resonant limit. We show that the dynamics of the
fundamental mode is governed by a Kerrlike Hamiltonian. Some dynamical
consequences are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75464 </DOCNO>
Unitarity constraints and role of geometrical effects in deep-inelastic


  Deep-inelastic scattering at low Bjorken x and elastic vector meson
electroproduction are analyzed on the basis of the off-shell s-channel
unitarity. We discuss behavior of the total cross-section of virtual
photon-proton scattering and obtain, in particular, that the exponent in the
power-like dependence of $\sigma^{tot}_{\gamma^* p}$ is related to the
interaction radius of a constituent quark. The explicit mass dependence of the
exponent in the power energy behavior of the vector meson electroproduction has
been obtained. Angular distributions at large momentum transfers are
considered. The energy dependence of the total cross-section of
$\gamma^*\gamma^*$-interactions is also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2693 </DOCNO>
A tube concept in rubber viscoelasticity


  A constitutive model is derived for the time-dependent response of
particle-reinforced elastomers at finite strains. An amorphous rubbery polymer
is treated as a network of long chains linked by permanent junctions (chemical
crosslinks, entanglements and filler particles). A strand between two
neighboring junctions is thought of as a sequence of mers whose motion is
restricted to some tube by surrounding macromolecules. Unlike the conventional
approach that presumes the cross-section of the tube to be constant, we
postulate that its radius strongly depends on the longitudinal coordinate. This
implies that a strand may be modeled as a sequence of segments whose thermal
motion is totally frozen by the environment (bottle-neck points of the tube)
bridged by threads of mers which go through all possible configurations during
the characteristic time of a test. Thermal fluctuations affect the tube's
radius, which results in freezing and activation of regions with high molecular
mobility (RHMs). The viscoelastic response of an elastomer is associated with
thermally activated changes in the number of RHMs in strands. Stress-strain
relations for a rubbery polymer at finite strains and kinetic equations for the
concentrations of RHMs are developed by using the laws of thermodynamics. At
small strains these relations are reduced to the conventional integral
constitutive equation in linear viscoelasticity with a novel scaling law for
relaxation times. The governing equation is determined by 5 adjustable
parameters which are found by fitting experimental data in tensile dynamic
tests on a carbon black filled natural rubber vulcanizate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168205 </DOCNO>
Four Photon Entanglement from Down Conversion


  Double-pair emission from type-II parametric down conversion results in a
highly entangled 4-photon state. Due to interference, which is similar to
bunching from thermal emission, this state is not simply a product of two
pairs. The observation of this state can be achieved by splitting the two
emission modes at beam splitters and subsequent detection of a photon in each
output. Here we describe the features of this state and give a Bell theorem for
a 4-photon test of local realistic hidden variable theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98026 </DOCNO>
Numerical and Asymptotic Aspects of Parabolic Cylinder Functions


  Several uniform asymptotics expansions of the Weber parabolic cylinder
functions are considered, one group in terms of elementary functions, another
group in terms of Airy functions. Starting point for the discussion are
asymptotic expansions given earlier by F.W.J. Olver. Some of his results are
modified to improve the asymptotic properties and to enlarge the intervals for
using the expansions in numerical algorithms. Olver's results are obtained from
the differential equation of the parabolic cylinder functions; we mention how
modified expansions can be obtained from integral representations. Numerical
tests are given for three expansions in terms of elementary functions. In this
paper only real values of the parameters will be considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73427 </DOCNO>
A Gauge and Lorentz covariant Approximation for the Quark Propagator in


  We decompose the quark propagator in the presence of an arbitrary gluon field
with respect to a set of Dirac matrices. The four-dimensional integrals which
arise in first order perturbation theory are rewritten as line-integrals along
certain field lines, together with a weighted integration over the various
field lines. It is then easy to transform the propagator into a form involving
path ordered exponentials. The resulting expression is non-perturbative and has
the correct behavior under Lorentz transformations, gauge transformations and
charge conjugation. Furthermore it coincides with the exact propagator in first
order of the coupling g. No expansion with respect to the inverse quark mass is
involved, the expression can even be used for vanishing mass. For large mass
the field lines concentrate near the straight line connection and simple
results can be obtained immediately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168123 </DOCNO>
Quantum complexities of ordered searching, sorting, and element


  We consider the quantum complexities of the following three problems:
searching an ordered list, sorting an un-ordered list, and deciding whether the
numbers in a list are all distinct. Letting N be the number of elements in the
input list, we prove a lower bound of \frac{1}{\pi}(\ln(N)-1) accesses to the
list elements for ordered searching, a lower bound of \Omega(N\log{N}) binary
comparisons for sorting, and a lower bound of \Omega(\sqrt{N}\log{N}) binary
comparisons for element distinctness. The previously best known lower bounds
are {1/12}\log_2(N) - O(1) due to Ambainis, \Omega(N), and \Omega(\sqrt{N}),
respectively. Our proofs are based on a weighted all-pairs inner product
argument.
  In addition to our lower bound results, we give a quantum algorithm for
ordered searching using roughly 0.631 \log_2(N) oracle accesses. Our algorithm
uses a quantum routine for traversing through a binary search tree faster than
classically, and it is of a nature very different from a faster algorithm due
to Farhi, Goldstone, Gutmann, and Sipser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6210 </DOCNO>
Vortices near surfaces of Bose-Einstein condensates


  The theory of vortex motion in a dilute superfluid of inhomogeneous density
demands a boundary layer approach, in which different approximation schemes are
employed close to and far from the vortex, and their results matched smoothly
together. The most difficult part of this procedure is the hydrodynamic problem
of the velocity field many healing lengths away from the vortex core. This
paper derives and exploits an exact solution of this problem in the
two-dimensional case of a linear trapping potential, which is an idealization
of the surface region of a large condensate. It thereby shows that vortices in
inhomogeneous clouds are effectively 'dressed' by a non-trivial distortion of
their flow fields; that image vortices are not relevant to Thomas-Fermi
surfaces; and that for condensates large compared to their surface depths, the
energetic barrier to vortex penetration disappears at the Landau critical
velocity for surface modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1918 </DOCNO>
Extracting Hidden Information from Knowledge Networks


  We develop a method allowing us to reconstruct individual tastes of customers
from a sparsely connected network of their opinions on products, services, or
each other. Two distinct phase transitions occur as the density of edges in
this network is increased: above the first - macroscopic prediction of tastes
becomes possible, while above the second - all unknown opinions can be uniquely
reconstructed. We illustrate our ideas using a simple Gaussian model, which we
study using both field-theoretical methods and numerical simulations. We point
out a potential relevance of our approach to the field of bioinformatics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5976 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Running Waves in Type II Superconductors


  A nonlinear dynamics of the thermal and electromagnetic instability of
critical state in type II superconductors has been analysed taking into account
effects of dissipation and dispersion. An existance of a nonlinear running
waves describing a final stage of evolution of the thermomagnetic instability
in superconductors is demonstrated analitically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75368 </DOCNO>
Simple Brane World Scenario with Positive Five Dimensional Cosmological


  We present a simple brane-world model in five dimensions. In this model we do
not need any fine-tuning between the five dimensional cosmological constant and
the brane tension to obtain four dimensional flat Minkowski space. The
space-time of our solution has no naked singularities. Further the
compactification scale of the fifth direction is automatically determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87017 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamical properties of metric fluctuations during inflation


  I study a thermodynamical approach to scalar metric perturbations during the
inflationary stage. In the power-law expanding universe here studied, I find a
negative heat capacity as a manifestation of superexponential growing for the
number of states in super Hubble scales. The power spectrum depends on the
Gibbons-Hawking and Hagedorn temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128793 </DOCNO>
The Short Period Supersoft Source in M31


  We show that the recently discovered short period supersoft source in M31 is
probably a progenitor of a magnetic CV. The white dwarf spins asynchronously
because of the current high accretion rate. However its fieldstrength is
typical of an AM Herculis system, which is what it will ultimately become. We
discuss the relevance of this system to CV evolution, and its relation to some
particular CVs with special characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128581 </DOCNO>
Status of the Milagro Gamma Ray Observatory


  The Milagro Gamma Ray Observatory, located at an altitude of 8,600 feet in
the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico, is the world's first large-area water
Cherenkov detector capable of continuously monitoring the entire sky for
sources of TeV gamma rays. It is uniquely capable of searching for transient
sources of VHE gamma rays. The core of the detector is a 60m x 80m x 8m pond
instrumented with 723 PMTs deployed in two layers. This part of the detector is
complete and has operated continuously since Jan. 2000. Initial studies
including searches for gamma-ray sources are ongoing, and preliminary results
are available. The final stage of construction is under way. We are deploying
170 auxiliary "outrigger" water Cherenkov detectors in an area of 40,000
square-meters surrounding the pond, which will significantly enhance our
ability to reject background and more accurately reconstruct the gamma-ray
direction and energy. In addition, we are lowering the energy threshold of the
detector by using custom processing to enable real-time intelligent triggering.
The lower energy threshold will significantly increase our sensitivity to
gamma-ray sources, and in particular to sources of cosmological origin, such as
GRBs, where the higher energy gamma-rays have sizable attenuation due to the
interaction with the intergalactic infra-red light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1120 </DOCNO>
Heat transport by lattice and spin excitations in the spin chain


  We present the results of measurements of the thermal conductivity of the
quasi one-dimensional spin S=1/2 chain compound SrCuO_2 in the temperature
range between 0.4 and 300 K along the directions parallel and perpendicular to
the chains. An anomalously enhanced thermal conductivity is observed along the
chains. The analysis of the present data and a comparison with analogous recent
results for Sr_2CuO_3 and other similar materials demonstrates that this
behavior is generic for cuprates with copper-oxygen chains and strong
intrachain interactions. The observed anomalies are attributed to the
one-dimensional energy transport by spin excitations (spinons), limited by the
interaction between spin and lattice excitations. The energy transport along
the spin chains has a non-diffusive character, in agreement with theoretical
predictions for integrable models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127226 </DOCNO>
On physics of the Poynting-Robertson effect


  Detailed discussion of university textbook statements (Harwit 1988)
concerning the Poynting-Robertson effect (P-R effect) is presented. Discussion
is concentrated on better physical understanding of the P-R effect. References
to complete correct equation of motion for real dust particle are also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96435 </DOCNO>
Jacobi fields along harmonic maps


  We show that Jacobi fields along harmonic maps between suitable spaces
preserve conformality, holomorphicity, real isotropy and complex isotropy to
first order; this last being one of the key tools in the proof by Lemaire and
the author of integrability of Jacobi fields along harmonic maps from the
2-sphere to the complex projective plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72637 </DOCNO>
Bound q bar q systems in the framework of different versions of 3D


  Five different versions of the three-dimensional (3D) reduction of the
Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation in the instantaneous approximation for kernel of
BS equation for the two-fermion systems are formulated. The normalization
condition for the bound-state wave function in all versions are derived.
Further, the 3D reduction of BS equation without instantaneous approximation
for the kernel of BS equation is formulated in the quasi-potential approach.
Except of the Salpeter version, other four versions have the correct one-body
limit (Dirac equation) when mass of one of constituent fermions tends to
infinity. Application of these versions for investigation of the different
properties of the q bar q bound systems are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123980 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Supernova Rate History and Type Ia Supernova Progenitors


  Adopting a single degenerate scenario for Type Ia supernova progenitors with
the metallicity effect, we make a prediction of the cosmic supernova rate
history as a composite of the supernova rates in spiral and elliptical
galaxies, and compare with the recent observational data up to z ~ 0.55.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128975 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Components of Clusters, Groups, and Galaxies


  We discuss two themes from Chandra observations of galaxies, groups, and
clusters. First, we review the merging process as seen through the high angular
resolution of Chandra. We present examples of sharp, edge-like surface
brightness structures ``cold fronts'', the boundaries of the remaining cores of
merger components and the Chandra observations of CL0657, the first clear
example of a strong cluster merger shock. In addition to reviewing already
published work, we present observations of the cold front around the elliptical
galaxy NGC1404 which is infalling into the Fornax cluster and we discuss
multiple ``edges'' in ZW3146. Second, we review the effects of relativistic,
radio-emitting plasmas or ``bubbles'', inflated by active galactic nuclei, on
the hot X-ray emitting gaseous atmospheres in galaxies and clusters. We review
published work and also discuss the unusual X-ray structures surrounding the
galaxies NGC4636 and NGC507.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81055 </DOCNO>
Locality Properties of a New Class of Lattice Dirac Operators


  A new class of lattice Dirac operators $D$ which satisfy the index theorem
have been recently proposed on the basis of the algebraic relation
$\gamma_{5}(\gamma_{5}D) + (\gamma_{5}D)\gamma_{5} =
2a^{2k+1}(\gamma_{5}D)^{2k+2}$. Here $k$ stands for a non-negative integer and
$k=0$ corresponds to the ordinary Ginsparg-Wilson relation. We analyze the
locality properties of Dirac operators which solve the above algebraic
relation.
  We first show that the free fermion operator is analytic in the entire
Brillouin zone for a suitable choice of parameters $m_{0}$ and $r$, and there
exists a well-defined ``mass gap'' in momentum space, which in turn leads to
the exponential decay of the operator in coordinate space for any finite $k$.
This mass gap in the free fermion operator suggests that the operator is local
for sufficiently weak background gauge fields. We in fact establish a finite
locality domain of gauge field strength for
$\Gamma_{5}=\gamma_{5}-(a\gamma_{5}D)^{2k+1}$ for any finite $k$, which is
sufficient for the cohomological analyses of chiral gauge theory. We also
present a crude estimate of the localization length defined by an exponential
decay of the Dirac operator, which turns out to be much shorter than the one
given by the general Legendre expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174626 </DOCNO>
Universal fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions in the Fermi energy


  We discuss the scaling laws of both the charged fragments multiplicity
fluctuations and the charge of the largest fragment fluctuations for Xe+Sn
collisions in the range of bombarding energies between 25 MeV/A and 50 MeV/A.
We show close to E_{lab}=32 MeV/A the transition in the fluctuation regime of
the charge of the largest fragment which is compatible with the transition from
the ordered to disordered phase of excited nuclear matter. The size (charge) of
the largest fragment is closely related to the order parameter characterizing
this process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73819 </DOCNO>
Probing the structure of $f_0(980)$ through radiative $\phi$ decays


  We consider the radiative transition $\phi \to f_0 \gamma$, which is a
sensitive probe of the nature of the $f_0(980)$ particle. Using the QCD
sum-rule technique, we estimate the branching ratio of such decay mode to be:
${\cal B}(\phi \to f_0 \gamma)=(2.7 \pm 1.1) ~ 10^{-4}$, in fair agreement with
present experimental data. As for the structure of the $f_0$, the result
suggests a sizeable $s {\bar s}$ component; however, this result does not
exclude the possibility of further components and allows a more complex
structure than indicated by the naive quark model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124934 </DOCNO>
Statistics of the detection rates for tensor and scalar gravitational


  We use data on the local 3-dimensional galaxy distribution for studying the
statistics of the detection rates of gravitational waves (GW) coming from
supernova explosions. We consider both tensor and scalar gravitational waves
which are possible in a wide range of relativistic and quantum gravity
theories. We show that statistics of GW events as a function of sidereal time
can be used for distinction between scalar and tensor gravitational waves
because of the anisotropy of spatial galaxy distribution. For calculation of
the expected amplitudes of GW signals we use the values of the released GW
energy, frequency and duration of GW pulse which are consistent with existing
scenarios of SN core collapse. The amplitudes of the signals produced by Virgo
and the Great Attractor clusters of galaxies is expressed as a function of the
sidereal time for resonant bar detectors operating now (IGEC) and for
forthcoming laser interferometric detectors (VIRGO).Then, we calculate the
expected number of GW events as a function of sidereal time produced by all the
galaxies within 100 Mpc. In the case of axisymmetric rotational core collapse
which radiates a GW energy of $10^{-9}M_{\odot}c^2$, only the closest
explosions can be detected. However, in the case of nonaxisymmetric supernova
explosion, due to such phenomena as centrifugal hangup, bar and lump formation,
the GW radiation could be as strong as that from a coalescing neutron-star
binary. For radiated GW energy higher than $10^{-6}M_{\odot}c^2$ and
sensitivity of detectors at the level $h \approx 10^{-23}$ it is possible to
detect Virgo cluster and Great Attractor, and hence to use the statistics of GW
events for testing gravity theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73582 </DOCNO>
Determining See-Saw Parameters from Weak Scale Measurements?


  The see-saw mechanism is a very attractive explanation for small neutrino
masses, parametrized at the GUT scale by the right-handed Majorana mass matrix,
${\cal M}$, and the neutrino Yukawa matrix, ${\bf Y_\nu}$. We show that in a
SUSY model with universal soft terms, ${\cal M}$ and ${\bf Y_\nu}$ can be
calculated from the light neutrino masses, the MNS matrix, and ${\bf
Y^{\dagger}_\nu} {\bf Y_\nu}$, which enters into the left-handed slepton
radiative corrections. This suggests that in principle the GUT-scale inputs of
the seesaw could be reconstructed from the neutrino and sneutrino mass
matrices. We briefly discuss why this is impractical, but advocate the neutrino
and sneutrino mass matrices as an alternative bottom-up parametrization of the
seesaw.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83677 </DOCNO>
The Representation of Legal Contracts


  The paper outlines ongoing research on logic-based tools for the analysis and
representation of legal contracts of the kind frequently encountered in
large-scale engineering projects and complex, long-term trading agreements. We
consider both contract formation and contract performance, in each case
identifying the representational issues and the prospects for providing
automated support tools.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149824 </DOCNO>
Universal properties of superconformal OPEs for 1/2 BPS operators in


  We give a general analysis of OPEs of 1/2 BPS superfield operators for the
$D=3,4,5,6$ superconformal algebras OSp(8/4,R), PSU(2,2), F${}_4$ and
OSp($8^*/4$) which underlie maximal AdS supergravity in $4\leq D+1\leq 7$. \\
The corresponding three-point functions can be formally factorized in a way
similar to the decomposition of a generic superconformal UIR into a product of
supersingletons. This allows for a simple derivation of branching rules for
primary superfields. The operators of protected conformal dimension which may
appear in the OPE are classified and are shown to be either 1/2 or 1/4 BPS, or
semishort. As an application, we discuss the "non-renormalization" of extremal
$n$-point correlators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98782 </DOCNO>
HyperK\"ahler Manifolds and Birational Transformations


  In this paper we study the birational geometry of HyperKaehler manifolds by
combining the method of minimal model program and the traditional approach of
symplectic geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86008 </DOCNO>
Varying c and Particle Horizons


  We explore what restrictions may impose the second law of thermodynamics on
varying speed of light theories. We find that the attractor scenario solving
the flatness problem is consistent with the generalized second law at late
time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114292 </DOCNO>
Fast Electronics for the Dafne Transverse Feedback Systems


  Transverse feedback systems for controlling the vertical coupled-bunch
instabilities in the positron and electron main rings are installed at DAFNE.
They started to be operative respectively from June and September 2000. For the
horizontal plane, similar systems have been installed in summer 2001 with less
kicker power. Design specifications and the basic system concepts are
presented. Real time bunch-by-bunch offset correction is implemented using
digital signal processors and dual-port RAM's. Fast analog to digital sampling
is performed at the maximum bunch frequency (368 MHz). The system manages at
full speed a continuous flow of 8-bits data and it has the capability to invert
the sign or put to zero the output for any combination of bunches. A conversion
from digital to analog produces the output correcting signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126860 </DOCNO>
Circular Polarization of Circumstellar Water Masers around S Per


  We present the first circular polarization measurements of circumstellar H2O
masers. Previously the magnetic field in circumstellar envelopes has been
estimated using polarization observations of SiO and OH masers. SiO masers are
probes of the high temperature and density regime close to the central star. OH
masers are found at much lower densities and temperatures, generally much
further out in the circumstellar envelope. The detection of the circular
polarization of the (6_16 - 5_23) rotational transition of the H2O maser could
be attributed to Zeeman splitting due to the magnetic field in the intermediate
temperature and density regime. The fields inferred here agree well with
predicted values for a combination of the r^{-2} dependence of a solar-type
magnetic field, and the coupling of the field to the high density masing
regions. We also discuss the unexpected narrowing of the circular polarization
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 728 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of Soft Margin Classifiers


  We study the typical learning properties of the recently introduced Soft
Margin Classifiers (SMCs), learning realizable and unrealizable tasks, with the
tools of Statistical Mechanics. We derive analytically the behaviour of the
learning curves in the regime of very large training sets. We obtain
exponential and power laws for the decay of the generalization error towards
the asymptotic value, depending on the task and on general characteristics of
the distribution of stabilities of the patterns to be learned. The optimal
learning curves of the SMCs, which give the minimal generalization error, are
obtained by tuning the coefficient controlling the trade-off between the error
and the regularization terms in the cost function. If the task is realizable by
the SMC, the optimal performance is better than that of a hard margin Support
Vector Machine and is very close to that of a Bayesian classifier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123472 </DOCNO>
G28.17+0.05: An unusual giant HI cloud in the inner Galaxy


  New 21 cm HI observations have revealed a giant HI cloud in the Galactic
plane that has unusual properties. It is quite well defined, about 150 pc in
diameter at a distance of 5 kpc, and contains as much as 100,000 Solar Masses
of atomic hydrogen. The outer parts of the cloud appear in HI emission above
the HI background, while the central regions show HI self-absorption. Models
which reproduce the observations have a core with a temperature <40 K and an
outer envelope as much as an order of magnitude hotter. The cold core is
elongated along the Galactic plane, whereas the overall outline of the cloud is
approximately spherical. The warm and cold parts of the HI cloud have a
similar, and relatively large, line width of approximately 7 km/s. The cloud
core is a source of weak, anomalously-excited 1720 MHz OH emission, also with a
relatively large line width, which delineates the region of HI self-absorption
but is slightly blue-shifted in velocity. The intensity of the 1720 MHz OH
emission is correlated with N(H) derived from models of the cold core. There is
12CO emission associated with the cloud core. Most of the cloud mass is in
molecules, and the total mass is > 200,000 Solar Masses. In the cold core the
HI mass fraction may be 10 percent. The cloud has only a few sites of current
star formation. There may be about 100 more objects like this in the inner
Galaxy; every line of sight through the Galactic plane within 50 degrees of the
Galactic center probably intersects at least one. We suggest that G28.17+0.05
is a cloud being observed as it enters a spiral arm and that it is in the
transition from the atomic to the molecular state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126058 </DOCNO>
The detection of molecular gas in the central galaxies of cooling-flow


  We present the detections of CO line emission in the central galaxy of
sixteen extreme cooling flow clusters using the IRAM 30m and the JCMT 15m.
These detections of CO(1-0), CO(2-1), CO(3-2) and CO(4-3) are consistent with
the presence of a substantial mass of warm molecular gas (10^9-11.5Mo) within
50kpc radius of the central galaxy. We present limits on thirteen other
galaxies in similarly extreme cooling flow clusters. These results are
consistent with the presence of a massive starburst in the central galaxy which
warms a population of cold gas clouds producing both optical and NIR emission
lines and significant CO line emission. Curiously, our CO detections are
restricted to the lower radio power central galaxies. These are the first
detections of molecular gas in a cooling flow other than NGC1275 in the Perseus
cluster. As four of our targets have firm limits on their dust mass from SCUBA
and the rest have crude limits from IRAS, we can calculate gas-to-dust ratios.
Simple analysis indicates that the best secondary indicatorof molecular gas is
optical line luminosity. We review the implications of these results and the
prospects for observations in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41637 </DOCNO>
CKM Status and Prospects


  This presentation reviews the Standard Model formalism governing the weak
decays of quarks, as embodied in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) weak
mixing matrix, and summarizes the experimental status and outlook. Two recent
CLEO V_cb analyses are described. Complications from strong interactions in
relating the experimentally accessible quantities to CKM elements are
highlighted, and prospects for addressing those difficulties with LQCD and
CLEO-c are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4663 </DOCNO>
Order from disorder: Quantum spin gap in magnon spectra of LaTiO_3


  A theory of the anisotropic superexchange and low energy spin excitations in
a Mott insulator with t_{2g} orbital degeneracy is presented. We observe that
the spin-orbit coupling induces frustrating Ising-like anisotropy terms in the
spin Hamiltonian, which invalidate noninteracting spin wave theory. The
frustration of classical states is resolved by an order from disorder
mechanism, which selects a particular direction of the staggered moment and
generates a quantum spin gap. The theory explains well the observed magnon gaps
in LaTiO_3. As a test case, a specific prediction is made on the splitting of
magnon branches at certain momentum directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168081 </DOCNO>
Geometric Phases and Quantum Computations


  Calculation aspects of holonomic quantum computer (HQC) are considered.
Wilczek--Zee potential defining the set of quantum calculations for HQC is
explicitly evaluated. Principal possibility of realization of the logical gates
for this case is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81418 </DOCNO>
Dynamical fermion algorithm for variable actions


  A new version of the two-step multi-boson algorithm is developed with
different fermion actions in the multi-boson and noisy Metropolis steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128356 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Modeling of the Stellar Nucleus of M31


  We present stellar dynamical models of the lopsided, double-peaked nucleus of
M31, derived from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry. A Schwarzscild-type
method, in conjunction with Richardson-Lucy deconvolution, was employed to
construct steadily rotating, hot, stellar disks. The stars orbit a massive dark
object, on prograde and retrograde quasi-periodic loop orbits. Our results
support Tremaine's eccentric disk model, extended to include a more massive
disk, non zero pattern speed ($\Omega$), and different viewing angle. Most of
the disk mass populated prograde orbits, with $\simeq 3.4%$ on retrograde
orbits. The best fits to photometric and kinematic maps were disks with
$\Omega\approx 16\kmspc $. We speculate on the origins of the lopsidedness,
invoking recent work on the linear overstability of nearly Keplerian disks,
that possess even a small amount of a counter-rotating component. Accretion of
material-no more massive than a globular cluster-onto a preexisting stellar
disk, will account for the mass in our retrograde orbits, and could have
stimulated the lopsidedness seen in the nucleus of M31.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74870 </DOCNO>
Nonleading charmed quark mass corrections to K^0-anti K^0 mixing in the


  The nonleading corrections in the inverse mass of the heavy charmed quark to
the effective local \Delta S=2 Lagrangian of K^0-anti K^0 mixing are calculated
within the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124181 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray bursts: afterglows from cylindrical jets


  Nearly all previous discussion on beaming effects in GRBs have assumed a
conical geometry. However, more and more observations on relativistic jets in
radio galaxies, active galactic nuclei, and "microquasars" in the Galaxy have
shown that many of these outflows are not conical, but cylindrical, i.e., they
maintain constant cross sections at large scales. Thus it is necessary to
discuss the possibility that GRBs may be due to highly collimated cylindrical
jets, not conical ones. Here we study the dynamical evolution of cylindrical
jets and discuss their afterglows. Both analytical and numerical results are
presented. It is shown that when the lateral expansion is not taken into
account, a cylindrical jet typically remains to be highly relativistic for \sim
10^8 - 10^9 s. During this relativistic phase, the optical afterglow decays as
\propto t^{-p/2} at first, where p is the index characterizing the power-law
energy distribution of electrons. Then the light curve steepens to be \propto
t^{-(p+1)/2} due to cooling of electrons. After entering the non-relativistic
phase (i.e., t > 10^{11} s), the afterglow is \propto t^{-(5p-4)/6}. But if the
cylindrical jet expands laterally at co-moving sound speed, then the decay
becomes \propto t^{-p} and \propto t^{-(15p-21)/10} - t^{-(15p-20)/10} in the
ultra-relativistic and non-relativistic phase respectively. Note that in both
cases, the light curve turns flatter after the relativistic-Newtonian
transition point, which differs markedly from the behaviour of a conical jet.
It is suggested that some GRBs with afterglows decaying as t^{-1.1} - t^{-1.3}
may be due to cylindrical jets, not necessarily isotropic fireballs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95593 </DOCNO>
Freeness of adjoint linear systems on threefolds with non Gorenstein


  We define and calculate the weighted multiplicities of non Gorenstein
terminal singularities on threefolds and some quotient singularities. We
improve freeness conditions on threefolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5314 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Theory and Hydrodynamics for a Low Density Gas


  Many features of real granular fluids under rapid flow are exhibited as well
by a system of smooth hard spheres with inelastic collisions. For such a
system, it is tempting to apply standard methods of kinetic theory and
hydrodynamics to calculate properties of interest. The domain of validity for
such methods is a priori uncertain due to the inelasticity, but recent
systematic studies continue to support the utility of kinetic theory and
hydrodynamics as both qualitative and quantitative descriptions for many
physical states. The basis for kinetic theory and hydrodynamic descriptions is
discussed briefly for the special case of a low density gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126460 </DOCNO>
The Shapes of Galaxies and Their Halos as Traced by Stars: The Milky Way


  Stars and their kinematics provide one of the tools available for studies of
the shapes of galaxies and their halos. In this review I focus on two specific
applications: the shape of the Milky Way dark halo and the shape of the LMC
disk. The former is constrained by a variety of observations, but an accurate
determination of the axial ratio q_DH remains elusive. A very flattened Milky
Way dark halo with q_DH < 0.4 is ruled out, and values q_DH > 0.7 appear most
consistent with the data. Near-IR surveys have revealed that the LMC disk is
not approximately circular, as long believed, but instead has an axial ratio of
0.7 in the disk plane. The elongation is perpendicular to the Magellanic
Stream, indicating that it is most likely due to the tidal force of the Milky
Way. Equilibrium dynamical modeling of galaxies is important for many
applications. At the same time, detailed studies of tidal effects and tidal
streams have the potential to improve our understanding of both the Milky Way
dark halo and the structure of satellite galaxies such as the LMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76816 </DOCNO>
Instanton-induced Semi-hard Parton Interactions and Phenomenology of


  We phenomenologically study whether partonic collisions responsible for the
growth of hadron-hadron cross sections at high energy can be ascribed to
instanton-induced processes. Although non-perturbative in nature, these
interactions occur at the semi-hard scale $Q\sim 1-2$ GeV, and should therefore
be described using information from deep inelastic leptonic scattering on the
partonic constituents in nucleons, pions, and photons. After considering
shadowing corrections in nucleon-nucleon scattering, we fix a free instanton
tail suppression parameter and determine the effective quark-quark cross
section. The resulting contributions to $NN$, $\pi N$, $\gamma N$, and
$\gamma\gamma$ cross sections all $increase$ with energy differently, but in
reasonable agreement with experimental data. We then proceed to an estimate of
the number of such processes present in high energy Au-Au collisions at RHIC,
finding that the amount of entropy produced by instanton/sphaleron events
matches the observed amount.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86417 </DOCNO>
Topological Lensing in Spherical Spaces


  This article gives the construction and complete classification of all
three-dimensional spherical manifolds, and orders them by decreasing volume, in
the context of multiconnected universe models with positive spatial curvature.
It discusses which spherical topologies are likely to be detectable by
crystallographic methods using three-dimensional catalogs of cosmic objects.
The expected form of the pair separation histogram is predicted (including the
location and height of the spikes) and is compared to computer simulations,
showing that this method is stable with respect to observational uncertainties
and is well suited for detecting spherical topologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113472 </DOCNO>
Ball lightning as a possible manifestation of high-temperature


  In the superconducting medium the circular current supported by its own
magnetic field can exist giving rise to the possible underlying mechanism for
the ball lightning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125732 </DOCNO>
A Multi-Wavelength Study of the Young Star Clusters and Interstellar


  We report on a multi-wavelength study of the relationship between young star
clusters in the Antennae galaxies (NGC 4038/9) and their interstellar
environment, with the goal of understanding the formation and feedback effects
of star clusters in merging galaxies. This is possible for the first time
because various new observations (from X-rays to radio wavelengths) have become
available in the past several years. Quantitative comparisons are made between
the positions of the star clusters (broken into three age groups) and the
properties of the interstellar medium by calculating the two-point correlation
functions. We find that young star clusters are distributed in a clustered
fashion. The youngest star clusters are associated with molecular cloud
complexes with characteristic radii of about 1 kpc. In addition, there is a
weak tendency for them to be found in regions with higher HI velocity
dispersions. No dominant triggering mechanism is identified for the majority of
the clusters in the Antennae. Feedback from young bright cluster complexes show
large H_alpha bubbles and H_alpha velocity gradients in shells around the
complexes. We estimate the current star formation rate to be 20 solar mass/yr,
and the gas consumption timescale to be 700 Myr. The latter is comparable to
the merging time scale and indicates that star formation has been enchanced by
the merger event. Finally, we find that the Schmidt law, with index N=-1.4, is
also a good description of the cluster formation triggered by merging in the
Antennae. There is some evidence that feedback effects may modify the Schmidt
law at scales below 1 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73879 </DOCNO>
The QCD spectrum with three quark flavors


  We present results from a lattice hadron spectrum calculation using three
flavors of dynamical quarks - two light and one strange, and quenched
simulations for comparison. These simulations were done using a one-loop
Symanzik improved gauge action and an improved Kogut-Susskind quark action. The
lattice spacings, and hence also the physical volumes, were tuned to be the
same in all the runs to better expose differences due to flavor number. Lattice
spacings were tuned using the static quark potential, so as a byproduct we
obtain updated results for the effect of sea quarks on the static quark
potential. We find indications that the full QCD meson spectrum is in better
agreement with experiment than the quenched spectrum. For the 0++ (a0) meson we
see a coupling to two pseudoscalar mesons, or a meson decay on the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3693 </DOCNO>
Transition from random to ordered fractals in fragmentation of particles


  We consider the fragmentation process with mass loss and discuss self-similar
properties of the arising structure both in time and space, focusing on
dimensional analysis. This exhibits a spectrum of mass exponents $\theta$,
whose exact numerical values are given for which $x^{-\theta}$ or $t^{\theta
z}$ has the dimension of particle size distribution function $\psi(x,t)$, where
$z$ is the kinetic exponent. We obtained conditions for which the scaling and
fragmentation process altogether break down and give explicit scaling solution
for special case. Finally, we identify a new class of fractals ranging from
random to non-random and show that the fractal dimension increases with
increasing order and a transition to strictly self-similar pattern occurs when
randomness completely ceases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41172 </DOCNO>
Studying the $\omega$-mass in-medium in $\gamma + A\to \pi^0\gamma +X$


  Simulations based on a coupled-channel transport model have been performed to
analyze the feasibility to study the in-medium $\omega$ mass exploiting the
process $\gamma+A\to\pi^0\gamma+X$ for C, Ca and Nb nuclei. The
distortions due to final-state interactions of the $\pi^0$ and background
contributions from the reaction $\gamma+A\to\pi^0\pi^0+X$ are found to be small
in the mass range of interest ($0.6<M_{\pi^0\gamma}<0.8$ GeV). Furthermore, the
effect of the detector resolution on the $\pi^0\gamma$-mass determination is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128549 </DOCNO>
SC1327-312 & SC1329-313: two galaxy groups in-between a major merging


  We present the results of two Beppo-SAX observations of the poor clusters
SC1327-312 and SC1329-313. These objects are located in a huge structure,
formed by three ACO clusters, which is probably the remnant of one of the
largest and best studied major mergings known. Given the fact that these poor
clusters are in between two interacting ACO clusters, the aim of this work is
to study the physics of the intracluster medium and to look for the possible
presence of shocks.
 We derived the gas distribution profiles, the global (i.e. within 0.3 Mpc)
temperatures and abundances and the temperature profiles and maps for
SC1327-312 and SC1329-313. Also the presence of soft excess in LECS and hard
excess in PDS have been checked.
 We do not find evidence of regions where the gas is shocked or significantly
heated. The image of SC1327-312 seems rather symmetric, while the gas profile
of SC1329-313 shows disturbed, comet-like shaped isophotes, with the tail
pointing toward A3562 and a compression toward SC1327-312.
 The presence of multiphase gas in SC1329-313, as claimed by Hanami et al.
(1999) on ASCA data, has been found only at the 2 sigma confidence level.
 The lack of heating supports the hypothesis that the merging is at a late
stage, after the first core--core encounter, when the main shock front had the
time to travel to the external regions of the main clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41054 </DOCNO>
Higgs Physics at the Large Hadron Collider


  A major goal of the future Large Hadron Collider will be the Higgs boson
search. In this paper the discovery In this paper the discovery potential is
described as a function of the Higgs mass showing that a Standard Model Higgs
boson can be discovered after less than two years of running of the collider.
The MSSM Higgs searches and the precision achievable on the measurement of the
Higgs boson parameters are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73658 </DOCNO>
RHIC: From dreams to beams in two decades


  This talk traces the history of RHIC over the last two decades, reviewing the
scientific motivations underlying its design, and the challenges and
opportunities the machine presents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75397 </DOCNO>
On the $D^0$ -- $D_s$ lifetime difference and $\tau\to 7\pi + \nu_\tau$


  In this paper we discuss some aspects of inclusive decays of charmed mesons
and also decays of the $\tau$ lepton into $\nu_\tau + 7\pi$. We find that phase
space effects are likely to explain the observed lifetime ratio $\tau(D_s^+) /
\tau(D^0)$ = 1.17. In particular one need not appeal to a large annihilation
contribution in the inclusive $D^0$ decay which, being absent in $D_s^+$ decays
could also contribute to the enhanced $D^0$ decay rate relative to that of the
$D_s^+$. Examining a separate problem, we find that the rate for $\tau\to
\nu_\tau + 7\pi$ is almost completely dominated by the tiny phase space for the
final eight particle state. Using an effective chiral Lagrangian to estimate
the matrix element yields a branching ratio into the channel of interest far
smaller than the present upper bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73363 </DOCNO>
QCD factorization for B -> PP


  In this work, we give a detailed discussion for QCD factorization involved
the complete chirally enhanced power corrections for B decays to two light
pseudoscalar mesons, and present some detailed calculations of radiative
corrections at the order of alpha_s. We point out that the infrared finiteness
of the vertex corrections in the chirally enhanced power corrections requires
twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of the light pseudoscalar
symmetric. However, even in the symmetric condition, there is also logarithmic
divergence from the endpoints of the twist-3 LCDAs in the hard spectator
scattering. We point out that the decay amplitudes of B --> PP predicted by QCD
factorization are really free of the renormalization scale dependence, at least
at the order of alpha_s. At last, we briefly compare the QCD factorization with
the generalized factorization and PQCD method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83827 </DOCNO>
Antitrust, Intellectual Property and Standard-Setting Organizations


  Standard-setting organizations (SSOs) regularly encounter situations in which
one or more companies claim to own proprietary rights that cover a proposed
industry standard. The industry cannot adopt the standard without the
permission of the intellectual property owner (or owners).
  How SSOs respond to those who assert intellectual property rights is
critically important. Whether or not private companies retain intellectual
property rights in group standards will determine whether a standard is "open"
or "closed." It will determine who can sell compliant products, and it may well
influence whether the standard adopted in the market is one chosen by a group
or one offered by a single company. SSO rules governing intellectual property
rights will also affect how standards change as technology improves.
  Given the importance of SSO rules governing intellectual property rights,
there has been surprisingly little treatment of SSOs or their intellectual
property rules in the legal literature. My aim in this article is to fill that
void. To do so, I have surveyed the intellectual property policies of dozens of
SSOs, primarily but not exclusively in the computer networking and
telecommunications industries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168049 </DOCNO>
An Ergodic Theorem for Quantum Counting Processes


  For a quantum-mechanical counting process we show ergodicity, under the
condition that the underlying open quantum system approaches equilibrium in the
time mean. This implies equality of time average and ensemble average for
correlation functions of the detection current to all orders and with
probability 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96518 </DOCNO>
Polyhedral K_2


  Using elementary graded automorphisms of polytopal algebras (essentially the
coordinate rings of projective toric varieties) polyhedral versions of the
group of elementary matrices and the Steinberg and Milnor groups are defined.
They coincide with the usual K-theoretic groups in the special case when the
polytope is a unit simplex and can be thought of as compact/polytopal
substitutes for the tame automorphism groups of polynomial algebras. Relative
to the classical case, many new aspects have to be taken into account. We
describe these groups explicitly when the underlying polytope is 2-dimensional.
Already this low-dimensional case provides interesting classes of groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148425 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal Field Theories and their Gravity Duals


  The gravity duals of nonlocal field theories in the large N limit exhibit a
novel behavior near the boundary. To explore this, we present and study the
duals of dipole theories - a particular class of nonlocal theories with
fundamental dipole fields. The nonlocal interactions are manifest in the metric
of the gravity dual and type-0 string theories make a surprising appearance. We
compare the situation to that in noncommutative SYM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75126 </DOCNO>
Revisiting W gamma production at RHIC


  We discuss W gamma production in polarized p p collisions at RHIC energy. We
point out that the RHIC collider has two advantages over other hadron colliders
to measure the characteristic feature of W gamma production: (1) the RHIC
energy is not so high and (2) the polarized beams are available. We calculate
the tree level cross section for W gamma production using a generic spin basis
for W and discuss both the angular dependence and spin correlation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128771 </DOCNO>
Actinides: How well do we know their stellar production?


  The reliable evaluation of the r-process production of the actinides and
careful estimates of the uncertainties affecting these predictions are key
ingredients especially in nucleo-cosmochronology studies based on the analysis
of very metal-poor stars or on the composition of meteorites. This type of
information is also required in order to make the best possible use of future
high precision data on the actinide composition of galactic cosmic rays, of the
local interstellar medium, or of meteoritic grains of presumed circumstellar
origin. This paper provides the practitioners in these various fields with the
most detailed and careful analysis of the r-process actinide production
available to-date. In total, thirty-two different multi-event canonical
calculations using different nuclear ingredients or astrophysics conditions are
presented, and are considered to give a fair picture of the level of
reliability of the predictions of the actinide production, at least in the
framework of a simple r-process model. This simplicity is imposed by our
inability to identify the proper astrophysical sites for the r-process.
Constraints on the actinide yield predictions and associated uncertainties are
suggested on grounds of the measured abundances of r-nuclides, including Th and
U, in the star CS 31082-001, and under the critical and questionable assumption
of the `universality' of the r-process. We also define alternative constraints
based on the nucleo-cosmochronological results derived from the present
actinide content of meteorites. Implications to the different above-cited
fields, and in particular nucleo-cosmochronometry are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96887 </DOCNO>
\nabla_\kappa, remarkable cardinals, and 0^#


  For an uncountable regular cardinal \kappa we let \nabla_\kappa(A) be the
statement that A \subset \kappa and for all regular \theta > \kappa, the set of
all X \in [\theta]^<\kappa such that X \cap \kappa \in \kappa and otp(X \cap
OR) is a cardinal in L[A \cap X \cap \kappa] is stationary. We had shown
earlier that \nabla_{\omega_1}(A) can hold in a generic extension of L. We now
prove that \nabla_{\omega_2}(A) can hold in a semi-proper generic extension of
L, whereas \nabla_{\omega_3}(0) is equivalent with the existence of 0^#.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95423 </DOCNO>
The Verlinde algebra is twisted equivariant K-theory


  In joint work with M. Hopkins and C. Teleman we find a new description of the
Verlinde algebra associated to a compact Lie group. In this expository account
we describe twisted K-theory, prove the theorem for the group SU(2), and
motivate the general theorem using ideas in topological field theory. The full
proof will appear elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75381 </DOCNO>
Are Constants Constant?


  The prospect of a time-dependent Higgs vacuum expectation value is examined
within the standard model of electroweak interactions. It is shown that the
classical equation of motion for the Higgs field admits a solution that is a
doubly-periodic function of time. The corresponding Dirac equation for the
electron field is equivalent to a second order differential equation with
doubly-periodic coefficients. In the limit of very large primitive period of
the Higgs background this equation can be solved in WKBJ approximation, showing
plane-wave solutions with a time-dependent distortion factor which can be made
arbitrarily small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123851 </DOCNO>
Abundance analyses of cool extreme helium stars


  Extreme helium stars (EHe) with effective temperatures from 8000K to 13000K
are among the coolest EHe stars and overlap the hotter R CrB stars in effective
temperature. The cool EHes may represent an evolutionary link between the hot
EHes and the R CrBs. Abundance analyses of four cool EHes are presented. To
test for an evolutionary connection, the chemical compositions of cool EHes are
compared with those of hot EHes and R CrBs. Relative to Fe, the N abundance of
these stars is intermediate between those of hot EHes and R CrBs. For the R
CrBs, the metallicity M derived from the mean of Si and S appears to be more
consistent with the kinematics than that derived from Fe. When metallicity M
derived from Si and S replaces Fe, the observed N abundances of EHes and R CrBs
fall at or below the upper limit corresponding to thorough conversion of
initial C and O to N. There is an apparent difference between the composition
of R CrBs and EHes; the former having systematically higher [N/M] ratios. The
material present in the atmospheres of many R CrBs is heavily CN- and
ON-cycled. Most of the EHes have only CN-cycled material in their atmospheres.
There is an indication that the CN- and ON-cycled N in EHes was partially
converted to Ne by $\alpha$-captures. If EHes are to evolve to R CrBs, fresh C
in EHes has to be converted to N. If Ne is found to be normal in R CrBs, the
proposal that EHes evolve to R CrBs fails. The idea that R CrBs evolve to EHes
is ruled out; the N abundance in R CrBs has to be reduced to the level of EHes,
as the C/He which is observed to be uniform across EHes, has to be maintained.
Hence, the inferred [N/M], C/He, [Ne/M], and the H-abundances of these two
groups indicate that the EHes and the R CrBs may not be on the same
evolutionary path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127066 </DOCNO>
Initial magnetic field configurations for 3-dimensional simulations of


  We solve, and provide analytical expressions, for current-free magnetic
configurations in the context of initial setups of 3-dimensional simulations of
astrophysical jets involving an accretion disk corona in hydrostatic balance
around a central object. These configurations which thread through the
accretion disk and its corona preserve the initial hydrostatic state. This work
sets stage for future 3-dimensional jet simulations (including disk rotation
and mass-load) where launching, acceleration and collimation mechanisms can be
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41502 </DOCNO>
Open Beauty Production


  We review measurements of open beauty production at HERA, with emphasis on
recent results based on lifetime signatures. The beauty cross sections in
photoproduction and deep-inelastic scattering are found to be higher than
expected in QCD at next-to-leading order. The discussion includes new results
on beauty production in e+e-, gamma-gamma and p-bar-p interactions. An outlook
on the potential for measurements with the upgraded HERA collider and
experiments is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129636 </DOCNO>
Do the Fundamental Constants Vary in the Course of the Cosmological


  We estimate the cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio
\mu=m_p/m_e by measuring the wavelengths of molecular hydrogen transitions in
the early universe. The analysis is performed using high spectral resolution
observations (FWHM ~ 7 km/s) of two damped Lyman-\alpha systems at
z_{abs}=2.3377 and 3.0249 observed along the lines of sight to the quasars Q
1232+082 and Q 0347-382 respectively. The most conservative result of the
analysis is a possible variation of \mu over the last ~ 10 Gyrs, with an
amplitude \Delta\mu/\mu = (5.7+-3.8)x10^{-5}. The result is significant at the
1.5\sigma level only and should be confirmed by further observations. This is
the most stringent estimate of a possible cosmological variation of \mu
obtained up to now.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96070 </DOCNO>
Vertex-IRF transformations and quantization of dynamical r-matrices


  Motivated by the correspondence between the vertex and IRF models in
statistical mechanics, we define and study a notion of vertex-IRF
transformation for dynamical twists that generalizes a usual gauge
transformation. We use vertex-IRF transformations to quantize all completely
degenerate dynamical r-matrices on finite-dimensional Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125071 </DOCNO>
The Galaxy Population of Cluster RXJ0848+4453 at z=1.27


  We present a study of the galaxy population in the cluster RXJ0848+4453 at
z=1.27, using deep HST NICMOS and WFPC2 images. We morphologically classify all
galaxies to K_s=20.6 that are covered by the HST imaging, and determine
photometric redshifts using deep ground based BRIzJK_s photometry. Of 22 likely
cluster members with morphological classifications, eleven (50%) are classified
as early-type galaxies, nine (41%) as spiral galaxies, and two (9%) as
``merger/peculiar''. At HST resolution the second brightest cluster galaxy is
resolved into a spectacular merger between three red galaxies of similar
luminosity, separated from each other by ~6 kpc, with an integrated magnitude
K=17.6 (~3 L* at z=1.27). The two most luminous early-type galaxies also show
evidence for recent or ongoing interactions. Mergers and interactions between
galaxies are possible because RXJ0848+4453 is not yet relaxed. The fraction of
early-type galaxies in our sample is similar to that in clusters at 0.5<z<1,
and consistent with a gradual decrease of the number of early-type galaxies in
clusters from z=0 to z=1.3. We find evidence that the color-magnitude relation
of the early-type galaxies is less steep than in the nearby Coma cluster. This
may indicate that the brightest early-type galaxies have young stellar
populations at z=1.27, but is also consistent with predictions of single age
``monolithic'' models with a galactic wind. The scatter in the color-magnitude
relation is ~0.04 in rest frame U-V, similar to that in clusters at 0<z<1.
Taken together, these results show that luminous early-type galaxies exist in
clusters at z~1.3, but that their number density may be smaller than in the
local Universe. Additional observations are needed to determine whether the
brightest early-type galaxies harbor young stellar populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123919 </DOCNO>
Real-Time Difference Imaging Analysis of MOA Galactic Bulge Observations


  We describe observations carried out by the MOA group of the Galactic Bulge
during 2000 that were designed to detect efficiently gravitational microlensing
of faint stars in which the magnification is high and/or of short duration.
These events are particularly useful for studies of extra-solar planets and
faint stars. Approximately 17 degrees square were monitored at a sampling rate
of up to 6 times per night. The images were analysed in real-time using a
difference imaging technique. Twenty microlensing candidates were detected, of
which 8 were alerted to the microlensing community whilst in progress.
Approximately half of the candidates had high magnifications (>~10), at least
one had very high magnification (>~50), and one exhibited a clear parallax
effect. The details of these events are reported here, together with details of
the on-line difference imaging technique. Some nova-like events were also
observed and these are described, together with one asteroid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75869 </DOCNO>
Quintessence Restrictions on Negative Power and Condensate Potentials


  We study the cosmological evolution of scalar fields that arise from a phase
transition at some energy scale $\Lm_c$. We focus on negative power potentials
given by $V=c\Lm_c^{4+n}\phi^{-n}$ and restrict the cosmological viable values
of $\Lm_c$ and $n$. We make a complete analysis of $V$ and impose $SN1a$
conditions on the different cosmological parameters. The cosmological
observations ruled out models where the scalar field has reached its attractor
solution. For models where this is not the case, the analytic approximated
solutions are not good enough to determine whether a specific model is
phenomenologically viable or not and the full differential equations must be
numerically solved. The results are not fine tuned since a change of 45% on the
initial conditions does not spoil the final results. We also determine the
values of $N_c, N_f$ that give a condensation scale $\Lm_c$ consistent with
gauge coupling unification, leaving only four models that satisfy unification
and SN1a constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76810 </DOCNO>
Electroweak two-loop Sudakov logarithms for on-shell fermions and bosons


  We calculate the virtual electroweak Sudakov (double) logarithms at one- and
two-loop level for arbitrary on-shell/on-resonance particles in the Standard
Model. The associated Sudakov form factors apply in a universal way to
arbitrary non-mass-suppressed electroweak processes at high energies, although
this universality has to be interpreted with care. The actual calculation is
performed in the temporal Coulomb gauge, where the relevant contributions from
collinear-soft gauge-boson exchange are contained exclusively in the
self-energies of the external on-shell/on-resonance particles. In view of the
special status of the time-like components in this gauge, a careful analysis of
the asymptotic states of the theory is required. From this analysis we derive
an all-order version of the Goldstone-boson Equivalence Theorem without the
need for finite compensation factors. By exploiting conditions obtained from
non-renormalization requirements, which are a consequence of our choice of
gauge, we show that the Sudakov corrections can be extracted through a
combination of energy derivatives and projections by means of external sources.
We observe that the Standard Model behaves dynamically like an unbroken theory
in the Sudakov limit, in spite of the fact that the explicit particle masses
are needed at the kinematical (phase-space) level while calculating the Sudakov
form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124673 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts from Extragalactic Magnetar Flares


  The prototype for events that we call MFs - "March Fifth" events or "Magnetar
Flares" - was observed on March 5, 1979. There is evidence that MFs are powered
by catastrophic magnetic instabilities in ultramagnetized neutron stars. These
events begin with brief (~ 0.1 - 1 s), intense, hard spikes of gamma rays
followed by long (~ 100 s) softer tails of hard X-rays, modulated on the
stellar rotation period. Prototypical MFs could have been detected by BATSE out
to ~ 13 Mpc, nearly reaching the Virgo cluster. The likely number of isotropic,
standard-candle MFs detected by the BATSE experiment is ~ 12. Bayes' Theorem
implies that there is a 99% chance for at least 1 MF in the BATSE catalog, and
a 16% chance for more than 20. These short-duration, fast-rising gamma-ray
bursts could in principle be identified by their positional coincidences with
nearby galaxies. The ensuing soft tail emission would not have been detected by
BATSE for sources more distant than M31.
    It is possible that MFs also emit an intense, hard, BEAMED component during
the intial spike phase. If this beamed component has opening angle ~ 8 degrees
and peak luminosity comparable to the power of the isotropic component, then
BATSE would detect such beamed sources out to redshift z ~ 0.1, at a full-sky
rate of ~ 100 yr^-1. We speculate that such beamed MFs could account for the
short, hard Class II gamma-ray bursts in the BATSE catalog, or some significant
subset of them. If true, then Class II GRBs positions would correlate with the
positions of galaxies and galaxy clusters within ~ 350 Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5297 </DOCNO>
Glassy behavior of a homopolymer from molecular dynamics simulations


  We study at- and out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a single homopolymer chain at
low temperature using molecular dynamics simulations. The main quantities of
interest are the average root mean square displacement of the monomers below
the theta point, and the structure factor, as a function of time. The
observation of these quantities show a close resemblance to those measured in
structural glasses and suggest that the polymer chain in its low temperature
phase is in a glassy phase, with its dynamics dominated by traps. In
equilibrium, at low temperature, we observe the trapping of the monomers and a
slowing down of the overall motion of the polymer as well as non-exponential
relaxation of the structure factor. In out-of-equilibrium, at low temperatures,
we compute the two-time quantities and observe breaking of ergodicity in a
range of waiting times, with the onset of aging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148414 </DOCNO>
N D0-branes and antibranes in the background independent string field


  In this paper we extend our previous work hep-th/0102063 to the case
D0-brane+antibrane system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128304 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Spectral Types and Their Applications in the 2dFGRS


  The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) has already measured over 200,000
redshifts of nearby (median redshift z~0.1) galaxies. This is the single
largest set of galaxy spectra ever collected. It allows us to subdivide the
survey into subsets according to the galaxy intrinsic properties. We outline
here a method (based on Principal Component Analysis) for spectrally
classifying these galaxies in a robust and independent manner. In so doing we
develop a continuous measure of spectral type, eta, which reflects the actual
distribution of spectra in the observed galaxy population. We demonstrate the
usefulness of this classification by estimating luminosity functions and
clustering per spectral type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125869 </DOCNO>
Open clusters or their remnants: B and V photometry of NGC 1901 and NGC


  Photometry in the B and V bands is presented for the southern stellar groups
NGC 1901 and NGC 1252. NGC 1901 is often described as an open cluster while NGC
1252 consists of a concentration of about 20 stars centered approx 20' north of
the original New General Catalogue coordinates, and at the southwest edge of
the large region previously assigned to this object in the literature. NGC 1901
has a clear main sequence and shares similarities with the Hyades. We derive a
reddening value E(B-V) = 0.04, a distance from the Sun d = 0.45 kpc (Z = -0.23
kpc) and an age 0.6 +/- 0.1 Gyr. NGC 1901 is conclusively a physical system,
dynamically comparable to or more evolved than the Hyades. The colour-
magnitude diagram of NGC 1252 suggests a turnoff and main sequence, and a total
of 12 probable members. We simulated the Galactic field colour-magnitude
diagram in the same direction and found it to be a poor match to NGC 1252,
suggesting that NGC 1252 is not a field fluctuation. Isochrone fitting to the
probable members is consistent with E(B-V) = 0.02, a distance from the Sun d =
0.64 kpc (Z = -0.46 kpc) and an age 3 +/- 1 Gyr. NGC 1252 cannot be ruled out
as a physical group with the available data. If so, evidence is found that it
is not a classical open cluster, but rather an open cluster remnant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4188 </DOCNO>
Fractional Klein-Kramers equation for superdiffusive transport: normal


  We introduce a fractional Klein-Kramers equation which describes
sub-ballistic superdiffusion in phase space in the presence of a
space-dependent external force field. This equation defines the differential
L{\'e}vy walk model whose solution is shown to be non-negative. In the velocity
coordinate, the probability density relaxes in Mittag-Leffler fashion towards
the Maxwell distribution whereas in the space coordinate, no stationary
solution exists and the temporal evolution of moments exhibits a competition
between Brownian and anomalous contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125848 </DOCNO>
Dynamo and Electrical Jet in Hall Plasmas, Application to Astrophysics


  The magnetic field in Hall plasmas is frozen in the electron component and is
advected not only with the plasma motion but also with the electrical current
flow. Its coupling with the plasma may be not as strong as characteristic of
the MHD approximation. The rotation and slipping of the magnetic field result
in a very different and less efficient magnetic field generation by dynamo -
rotating plasma disk in magnetic field. We found a some exact analytical
solutions of nonlinear equations describing the dynamo. In particular, the
dynamo may not dissipate the energy in the steady state limit. The 3-component
magnetic field and magnetic energy are generated and accumulated during the
transition time only. An electrical jet is the other unusual phenomenon for
MHD. It was investigated theoretically and experimentally for laboratory
plasmas during the last 15 years and now is used for fast current switching. We
found periodical or shock-like nonlinear wave traveling along a Hall plasma
column and not associated with plasma motion. A nonlinear equation describing a
possible steady state magnetic field distribution and current flow in Hall
plasma conductor is derived that differs from the Grad-Shafranov equation for
the low pressure MHD plasma. In conclusion we discuss application of our
results to astrophysical plasmas. This physics could be important for
understanding the evolution of dusty plasma disks and jets around new stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124809 </DOCNO>
Coalescence of a strange star with a black hole


  We present the first numerical results on the binary coalescence of a quark
star with a black hole, obtained with a 3-D Newtonian smooth particle hydro
(SPH) code. The star is initially represented by 17,000 particles modeling a
self-gravitating fluid with the equation of state P= (rho - rho0)c**2/3, and
the black hole by a point mass with an absorbing boundary at the Schwarzschild
radius. As in similar calculations carried out for a stiff polytrope, the
stellar core survives the initial episode of mass transfer, but here an
accretion disk is clearly formed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126989 </DOCNO>
Instability of an accretion disk with a magnetically driven wind


  We present a linear analysis of the stability of accretion disks in which
angular momentum is removed by the magnetic torque exerted by a centrifugally
driven wind. The effects of the dependence of the wind torque on field strength
and inclination, the sub-Keplerian rotation due to magnetic forces, and the
compression of the disk by the field are included. A WKB dispersion relation is
derived for the stability problem. We find that the disk is always unstable if
the wind torque is strong. At lower wind torques instability also occurs
provided the rotation is close to Keplerian. The growth time scale of the
instability can be as short as the orbital time scale. The instability is
mainly the result of the sensitivity of the mass flux to changes in the
inclination of the field at the disk surface. Magnetic diffusion in the disk
stabilizes if the wind torque is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74038 </DOCNO>
Difficulty of a spinning complex scalar field to be dark energy


  We comment on the possibility of a spinning complex scalar field to be dark
energy. We show that it deforms (almost) completely into a nontopological
soliton state, a Q ball, and the equation of state becomes that of the matter
or radiation, depending on the fate of the Q ball. Thus, the spinning complex
scalar field is usually very difficult to play the role of the dark energy. We
also show the general condition that the spinning complex scalar field can
successfully be the dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97253 </DOCNO>
Affine su(3) and su(4) fusion multiplicities as polytope volumes


  Affine su(3) and su(4) fusion multiplicities are characterised as discretised
volumes of certain convex polytopes. The volumes are measured explicitly,
resulting in multiple sum formulas. These are the first polytope-volume
formulas for higher-rank fusion multiplicities. The associated threshold levels
are also discussed. For any simple Lie algebra we derive an upper bound on the
threshold levels using a refined version of the Gepner-Witten depth rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168028 </DOCNO>
On Bohmian trajectories in two-particle interference devices


  Claims have been made that, in two-particle interference experiments
involving bosons, Bohmian trajectories may entail observable consequences
incompatible with standard quantum mechanics. By general arguments and by an
examination of specific instances, we show that this is not the case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127377 </DOCNO>
GSH 138-01-94, an old supernova remnant in the far outer Galaxy


  The properties of the Galactic HI shell GSH 138-01-94 are derived from data
of the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey. The basic parameters of GSH 138-01-94
were determined by fitting the expansion of a thin shell to the expansion
velocity field on the sky. The kinematic distance is 16.6 kpc for v_LSR=-94.2
$\pm$ 0.5 km/s. The radius is 180 $\pm$ 10 pc, the expansion velocity v_exp =
11.8 $\pm$ 0.9 km/s, and the mass 2 * 10^5 M_sun. No radio continuum
counterpart of the shell was detected at 21 cm or at 74 cm. Absorption of a
background continuum source constrains the spin temperature of \HI in the shell
to T_s=230^{367}_{173} K. The expansion age of GSH 138-01-94 is 4.3 Myr. These
observables are in excellent agreement with predictions from hydrodynamic
models for a supernova remnant in a low-density low-metallicity environment
such as the outer Galaxy. GSH 138-01-94 is then the largest and the oldest
supernova remnant known. It provides direct evidence for the release of
mechanical energy in the interstellar medium by stars in the outer galaxy. It
is argued that such old supernova remnants be found in low-density,
low-metallicity environments such as the outer Galaxy, dwarf galaxies and low
surface brightness galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124961 </DOCNO>
Gamma Ray and Hadron generated \v{C}erenkov Photon Spectra at Various


  We study the propagation of Cerenkov photons generated by Very High Energy
gamma-rays and hadrons in the atmosphere. The photon production height
distributions are estimated from semi-empirical methods and compared with those
derived by standard simulation techniques. Incident spectra at various
observation altitudes are then derived after applying wavelength dependent
corrections due to photon attenuation in the atmosphere during the propagation
of photons from the height of production to the height of observation. These
are generated both for gamma- and hadron primaries of various energies. The
derived production height distributions agree very well with those generated by
the simulation package `CORSIKA' at all energies and for both gamma-$ray and
proton primaries. The incident photon spectra are found to be both altitude
dependent and primary energy dependent. The peak of the incident spectrum
shifts towards the shorter wavelength with increasing altitude of observation
for a given primary. Also the peak of the photon spectrum shifts towards the
shorter wavelength with increasing energy of the primary at given altitude. The
fraction of the UV component in the incident Cerenkov spectrum is estimated
both for gamma-ray and hadronic primaries at various observation altitudes and
energies. Hadron generated Cerenkov spectra are marginally richer in UV light
and the difference increases slightly at higher altitudes. The fraction of the
UV to the visible light in the Cerenkov spectrum could be a useful parameter to
separate gamma-rays from cosmic ray background only if one can measure this
fraction very accurately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6585 </DOCNO>
Friedel Oscillations and Charge Density Waves in Chains and Ladders


  The density matrix renormalization group method for ladders works much more
efficiently with open boundary conditions. One consequence of these boundary
conditions is groundstate charge density oscillations that often appear to be
nearly constant in magnitude or to decay only slightly away from the
boundaries. We analyse these using bosonization techniques, relating their
detailed form to the correlation exponent and distinguishing boundary induced
generalized Friedel oscillations from true charge density waves. We also
discuss a different approach to extracting the correlation exponent from the
finite size spectrum which uses exclusively open boundary conditions and can
therefore take advantage of data for much larger system sizes. A general
discussion of the Friedel oscillation wave-vectors is given, and a convenient
Fourier transform technique is used to determine it. DMRG results are analysed
on Hubbard and t-J chains and 2 leg t-J ladders. We present evidence for the
existence of a long-ranged charge density wave state in the t-J ladder at a
filling of n=0.75 and near J/t \approx 0.25.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96474 </DOCNO>
Principal Ideals in Subalgebras of Groupoid C*-Algebras


  The study of different types of ideals in non self-adjoint operator algebras
has been a topic of recent research. This study focuses on principal ideals in
subalgebras of groupoid C*-algebras. An ideal is said to be principal if it is
generated by a single element of the algebra. We look at subalgebras of
r-discrete principal groupoid C*-algebras and prove that these algebras are
principal ideal algebras. Regular canonical subalgebras of almost finite
C*-algebras have digraph algebras as their building blocks. The spectrum of
almost finite C*-algebras has the structure of an r-discrete principal groupoid
and this helps in the coordinization of these algebras. Regular canonical
subalgebras of almost finite C*-algebras have representations in terms of open
subsets of the spectrum for the enveloping C*-algebra. We conclude that regular
canonical subalgebras are principal ideal algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99038 </DOCNO>
A geometric counterpart of the Baum-Connes map for GL(n)


  We describe a geometric counterpart of the Baum-Connes map for the p-adic
group GL(n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96292 </DOCNO>
Fourier algebra of a compact Lie group


  Let G be a compact connected Lie group. We prove that the Fourier algebra
A(G) is weakly amenable if and only if G is abelian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96211 </DOCNO>
Equivariant framings, lens spaces and Contact structures


  We construct a simple topological invariant of certain 3-manifolds, including
quotients of the 3-sphere by finite groups, based on the fact that the tangent
bundle of an orientable 3-manifold is trivialisable. This invariant is strong
enough to yield the classification of lens spaces of odd, prime order. We also
use properties of this invariant to show that there is an oriented 3-manifold
with no universally tight contact structure. We generalise and sharpen this
invariant to an invariant of a finite covering of a 3-manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41110 </DOCNO>
First measurement of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral for Hydrogen


  A direct measurement of the helicity dependence of the total photoabsorption
cross section on the proton was carried out at MAMI (Mainz) in the energy range
200 < E_gamma < 800 MeV. The experiment used a 4$\pi$ detection system, a
circularly polarized tagged photon beam and a frozen spin target.
  The contributions to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule and to the forward
spin polarizability $\gamma_0$ determined from the data are 226 \pm 5 (stat)\pm
12(sys) \mu b and -187 \pm 8 (stat)\pm 10(sys)10^{-6} fm^4, respectively, for
200 < E_\gamma < 800 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95581 </DOCNO>
Norms of products and factors polynomials


  We study inequalities connecting a product of uniform norms of polynomials
with the norm of their product. Generalizing Gel'fond-Mahler inequality for the
unit disk and Kneser-Borwein inequality for the segment $[-1,1]$, we prove an
asymptotically sharp inequality for norms of products of algebraic polynomials
over an arbitrary compact set in plane. Applying similar techniques, we produce
a related inequality for the norm of a single monic factor of a monic
polynomial. The best constants in both inequalities are obtained by potential
theoretic methods. We also consider applications of the general results to the
cases of a disk and a segment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128698 </DOCNO>
Detailed Analysis of Nearby Bulge-like Dwarf Stars I. Stellar


  High resolution \'echelle spectra were obtained with the FEROS spectrograph
at the 1.5m ESO telescope for 35 nearby bulge-like stars with metallicities in
the range -0.8 $\leq$ [Fe/H] $\leq$ +0.4. Geneva photometry, astrometric data
from Hipparcos and radial velocities from Coravel are available for these
stars. From Hipparcos data it appears that the turnoff of this population
indicates an age of 10-11 Gyr (Grenon 1999).
  Detailed analysis of the sample stars is carried out and atmospheric
parameters derived from spectroscopic and photometric determinations are
presented. Oxygen abundances are derived based on the forbidden [O I] $\lambda$
6300.3 {\rm \AA} line. The results show an oxygen overabundance pattern for
most of the sample stars when compared to their disk counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113517 </DOCNO>
Does Recycling in Germinal Centers Exist?


  A general criterion is formulated in order to decide if recycling of B-cells
exists in GC reactions. The criterion is independent of the selection and
affinity maturation process and based solely on total centroblast population
arguments. An experimental test is proposed to verify whether the criterion is
fulfilled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7335 </DOCNO>
Reply to cond-mat/0111504


  We show that the choice of the sign of the hopping matrix in our impurity
band model for disordered III-V diluted magnetic semiconductors [PRL 87, 107293
(2000); cond-mat/0111045] is justified: with this choice, the impurity band is
placed inside the gap and it has a mobility edge, as expected for a disordered
system. The other sign choice, suggested in cond-mat/0111504, leads to an
unphysical description of the occupied states of the impurity band (extremely
long tail, no mobility edge, no bulk ferromagnetism).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1731 </DOCNO>
The missing stress-geometry equation in granular media


  The simplest solvable problem of stress transmission through a static
granular material is when the grains are perfectly rigid and have an average
coordination number of $\bar{z}=d+1$. Under these conditions there exists an
analysis of stress which is independent of the analysis of strain and the $d$
equations of force balance $\nabla_{j} \sigma_{ij}({\vec r}) = g_{i}({\vec r})$
have to be supported by $\frac{d(d-1)}{2}$ equations. These equations are of
purely geometric origin. A method of deriving them has been proposed in an
earlier paper. In this paper alternative derivations are discussed
and the problem of the "missing equations" is posed as a geometrical puzzle
which has yet to find a systematic solution as against sensible but
fundamentally arbitrary approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149316 </DOCNO>
Toy Model for Tachyon Condensation in Bosonic String Field Theory


  We study tachyon condensation in a baby version of Witten's open string field
theory. For some special values of one of the parameters of the model, we are
able to obtain closed form expressions for the stable vacuum state and for the
value of the potential at the minimum. We study the convergence rate of the
level truncation method and compare our exact results with the numerical
results found in the full string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113543 </DOCNO>
Experimental investigations of spatial distribution anisotropy of pulsed


  Results of experimental investigation of plasma luminous emittance
(integrated with respect to time and quartz transmission band spectrum) of a
pulsed plasma generator depending on its axis spatial position, are presented.
It is shown that the spatial distribution of plasma radiant intensity is of
clearly anisotropic character, that is, there exists a cone of the plasma
generator axial directions in which the radiation of plasma reaches its peak. A
possible explanation of the results obtained is given based on a hypothesis of
global anisotropy of space caused by the existence of a cosmological vectorial
potential $\bf{A}_g$. It is shown that the vector $\bf{A}_g$ has the following
coordinates in the second equatorial coordinate system: right ascension $\alpha
= 293^\circ \pm 10^\circ$, declination $\delta = 36^\circ \pm 10^\circ$. The
experimental results are in accordance with those of the earlier experiments on
determining the direction of $\bf{A}_g$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125583 </DOCNO>
Mass-Temperature Relation of Galaxy Clusters: A Theoretical Study


  Combining conservation of energy throughout nearly-spherical collapse of
galaxy clusters with the virial theorem, we derive the mass-temperature
relation for X-ray clusters of galaxies $T=CM^{2/3}$. The normalization factor
$C$ and the scatter of the relation are determined from first principles with
the additional assumption of initial Gaussian random field. We are also able to
reproduce the recently observed break in the M-T relation at $T \sim 3 \keV$,
based on the scatter in the underlying density field for a low density
$\Lambda$CDM cosmology. Finally, by combining observational data of high
redshift clusters with our theoretical formalism, we find a semi-empirical
temperature-mass relation which is expected to hold at redshifts up to unity
with less than 20% error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127697 </DOCNO>
Burst Oscillation Periods from 4U 1636--53: A Constraint on the Binary


  We present a study of the distribution of asymptotic burst oscillation
periods for a sample of 26 bursts from 4U 1636-53 observed with the Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer (RXTE). The burst sample includes both archival and proprietary
data and spans more than 4.5 years. We also present new optical light curves of
V801 Arae, the optical counterpart of 4U 1636-53, obtained during 1998-2001. We
use these optical data to refine the binary period measured by Augusteijn et
al. (1998) to 3.7931206(152) hours. We show that a subset of ~70% of the bursts
form a tightly clustered distribution of asymptotic periods consistent with a
period stability of ~ 1/10,000. The tightness of this distribution, made up of
bursts spanning more than 4 years in time, suggests that the underlying period
is highly stable, with a time to change the period of ~30,000 years, comparable
to similar numbers derived for X-ray pulsars. We investigate the period and
orbital phase data for our burst sample and show that it is consistent with
binary motion of the neutron star with v sin i < 55 km/sec at 90% confidence.
We use this limit as well as previous radial velocity data to constrain the
binary geometry and component masses in 4U 1636-53.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75563 </DOCNO>
On the Spectrum of Fluctuations in an Effective Field Theory of the


  We consider the four-dimensional effective field theory which has been used
in previous studies of perturbations in the Ekpyrotic Universe, and discuss the
spectrum of cosmological fluctuations induced on large scales by quantum
fluctuations of the bulk brane. By matching cosmological fluctuations on a
constant energy density hypersurface we show that the growing mode during the
very slow collapsing pre-impact phase couples only to the decaying mode in the
expanding post-impact phase, and that hence no scale-invariant spectrum of
adiabatic fluctuations is generated. Note that our conclusions may not apply to
improved toy models for the Ekpyrotic scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75140 </DOCNO>
Quark-Hadron Duality for Hybrid Mesons at Large-Nc


  We investigate implications of quark-hadron duality for hybrid mesons in the
large-Nc limit. A simple formalism is developed which implements duality for
QCD two-point functions of currents of quark bilinears, with any number of
gluons. We argue that the large-Nc meson masses share a common parameter, which
is related to the QCD string tension. This parameter is fixed from correlators
of conserved vector and axial-vector currents, and using lattice QCD
determinations of the string tension. Our results predict towers of hybrid
mesons which, within expected 1/Nc corrections, naturally accommodate the
1^(-+) experimental hybrid candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76606 </DOCNO>
Towards the topological susceptibility with overlap fermions


  Using a reweighting technique combined with a low-mode truncation of the
fermionic determinant, we estimate the quark-mass dependence of the QCD
topological susceptibility with overlap fermions. In contrast to previous
lattice simulations which all used non-chiral fermions, our results appear to
be consistent with the simple continuum model of D\"urr. This indicates that at
current lattice spacings the use of the index theorem might not be justified
and the fermionic definition of the charge might be needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168623 </DOCNO>
Interaction and Entanglement in the Multiparticle Spacetime Algebra


  The multiparticle spacetime algebra (MSTA) is an extension of Dirac theory to
a multiparticle setting, which was first studied by Doran, Gull and Lasenby.
The geometric interpretation of this algebra, which it inherits from its
one-particle factors, possesses a number of physically compelling features,
including simple derivations of the Pauli exclusion principle and other
nonlocal effects in quantum physics. Of particular importance here is the fact
that all the operations needed in the quantum (statistical) mechanics of spin
1/2 particles can be carried out in the ``even subalgebra'' of the MSTA. This
enables us to ``lift'' existing results in quantum information theory regarding
entanglement, decoherence and the quantum/classical transition to space-time.
The full power of the MSTA and its geometric interpretation can then be used to
obtain new insights into these foundational issues in quantum theory. A system
of spin 1/2 particles located at fixed positions in space, and interacting with
an external magnetic field and/or with one another via their intrinsic magnetic
dipoles provides a simple paradigm for the study of these issues. This paradigm
can further be easily realized and studied in the laboratory by nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113580 </DOCNO>
On the Dependence of Electromagnetic Phenomena on the Relativity of


  Maxwell's equations hold in inertial reference frames in uniform
translational motion relative to one another. In conjunction with the Lorentz
coordinate transformation equations, the transformation equations for the
electric and magnetic field components in these reference frames can be
derived. As the derivation of the Lorentz coordinate transformation equations
depends on the relativity of simultaneity, and indeed on the argument on the
relativity of simultaneity, electromagnetic phenomena indicate that human
cognition is involved in the structure and functioning of the physical world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40982 </DOCNO>
Earth Regeneration of Solar Neutrinos at SNO and Super-Kamiokande


  We analyze the 1258-day Super-Kamiokande day and night solar neutrino energy
spectra with various $\chi^2$ definitions. The best-fit lies in the LMA region
at $(\Delta m^2, tan^2 \theta)=(5.01\times 10^{-5} eV^2, 0.60)$, independently
of whether systematic errors are included in the $\chi^2$-definition. We
compare the exclusion and allowed regions from the different definitions and
choose the most suitable definition to predict the regions from SNO at the end
of three years of data accumulation. We first work under the assumption that
Super-Kamiokande sees a flux-suppressed flat energy spectrum. Then, we consider
the possibility of each one of the three MSW regions being the solution to the
solar neutrino problem. We find that the exclusion and allowed regions for the
flat spectrum hypothesis and the LMA and LOW solutions are alike. In three
years, we expect SNO to find very similar regions to that obtained by
Super-Kamiokande. We evaluate whether the zenith angle distribution at SNO with
optimum binning will add anything to the analysis of the day and night spectra;
for comparison, we show the results of our analysis of the 1258-day zenith
angle distribution from Super-Kamiokande, for which the best-fit parameters are
$(\Delta m^2, tan^2 \theta)=(5.01\times 10^{-5} eV^2, 0.56)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7013 </DOCNO>
Chaos and the continuum limit in the gravitational N-body problem II.


  This paper continues a numerical investigation of orbits evolved in `frozen,'
time-independent N-body realisations of smooth time-independent density
distributions corresponding to both integrable and nonintegrable potentials,
allowing for N as large as 300,000. The principal focus is on distinguishing
between, and quantifying, the effects of graininess on initial conditions
corresponding, in the continuum limit, to regular and chaotic orbits. Ordinary
Lyapunov exponents X do not provide a useful diagnostic for distinguishing
between regular and chaotic behaviour. Frozen-N orbits corresponding in the
continuum limit to both regular and chaotic characteristics have large positive
X even though, for large N, the `regular' frozen-N orbits closely resemble
regular characteristics in the smooth potential. Viewed macroscopically both
`regular' and `chaotic' frozen-N orbits diverge as a power law in time from
smooth orbits with the same initial condition. There is, however, an important
difference between `regular' and `chaotic' frozen-N orbits: For regular orbits,
the time scale associated with this divergence t_G ~ N^{1/2}t_D, with t_D a
characteristic dynamical time; for chaotic orbits t_G ~ (ln N) t_D. At least
for N>1000 or so, clear distinctions exist between phase mixing of initially
localised orbit ensembles which, in the continuum limit, exhibit regular versus
chaotic behaviour. For both regular and chaotic ensembles, finite-N effects are
well mimicked, both qualitatively and quantitatively, by energy-conserving
white noise with amplitude ~ 1/N. This suggests strongly that earlier
investigations of the effects of low amplitude noise on phase space transport
in smooth potentials are directly relevant to real physical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2026 </DOCNO>
Structural Phase Transition at High Temperatures in Solid Molecular


  We study the effect of temperature up to 1000K on the structure of dense
molecular para-hydrogen and ortho-deuterium, using the path-integral Monte
Carlo method. We find a structural phase transition from orientationally
disordered hexagonal close packed (hcp) to an orthorhombic structure of Cmca
symmetry before melting. The transition is basically induced by thermal
fluctuations, but quantum fluctuations of protons (deuterons) are important in
determining the transition temperature through effectively hardening the
intermolecular interaction. We estimate the phase line between hcp and Cmca
phases as well as the melting line of the Cmca solid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124301 </DOCNO>
The X-ray nebula of the filled center supernova remnant 3C58 and its


  An \xmm observation of the plerionic supernova remnant 3C58 has allowed us to
study the X-ray nebula with unprecedented detail. A spatially resolved spectral
analysis with a resolution of 8\arcsec has yielded a precise determination of
the relation between the spectral index and the distance from the center. We do
not see any evidence for bright thermal emission from the central core. In
contrast with previous ASCA and {\em Einstein} results, we derive an upper
limit to the black-body 0.5-10 keV luminosity and emitting area of $1.8\times
10^{32}$ \ergsec and $1.3\times 10^{10}$ cm$^2$, respectively, ruling out
emission from the hot surface of the putative neutron star and also excluding
the "outer-gap" model for hot polar caps. We have performed for the first time
a spectral analysis of the outer regions of the X-ray nebula, where most of the
emission is still non-thermal, but where the addition of a soft (kT=0.2-0.3
keV) optically thin plasma component is required to fit the spectrum at $E<1$
keV. This component provides 6% of the whole remnant observed flux in the
0.5-10.0 keV band. We show that a Sedov interpretation is incompatible with the
SN1181-3C58 association, unless there is a strong deviation from electron-ion
energy equipartition, and that an origin of this thermal emission in terms of
the expansion of the nebula into the ejecta core nicely fits all the radio and
X-ray observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1470 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Ordering and Transverse Depinning of a Driven Elastic String in


  We examine the dynamics of an elastic string interacting with quenched
disorder driven perpendicular and parallel to the string. We show that the
string is the most disordered at the depinning transition but with increasing
drive partial ordering is regained. For low drives the noise power is high and
we observe a 1/f^2 noise signature crossing over to a white noise character
with low power at higher drives. For the parallel driven moving string there is
a finite transverse critical depinning force with the depinning transition
occuring by the formation of running kinks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72928 </DOCNO>
Towards An Accurate Calculation of the Neutralino Relic Density


  We compute the neutralino relic density in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model by using exact expressions for the neutralino annihilation cross
section into all tree-level final states, including all contributions and
interference terms. We find that several final states may give comparable
contributions to the relic density, which illustrates the importance of
performing a complete calculation. We compare the exact results with those of
the usual expansion method and demonstrate a sizeable discrepancy (of more than
10%) over a significant range of the neutralino mass of up to several tens of
GeV which is caused by the presence of resonances and new final-state
thresholds. We perform several related checks and comparisons. In particular,
we find that the often employed approximate iterative procedure of computing
the neutralino freeze-out temperature gives generally very accurate results,
except when the expansion method is used near resonances and thresholds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 633 </DOCNO>
Isotopically engineered silicon/silicon-germanium nanostructures as


  The idea of quantum computation is the most promising recent developments in
the high-tech domain, while experimental realization of a quantum computer
poses a formidable challenge. Among the proposed models especially attractive
are semiconductor based nuclear spin quantum computer's (S-NSQC), where nuclear
spins are used as quantum bistable elements, ''qubits'', coupled to the
electron spin and orbital dynamics. We propose here a scheme for implementation
of basic elements for S-NSQC's which are realizable within achievements of the
modern nanotechnology. These elements are expected to be based on a
nuclear-spin-controlled isotopically engineered Si/SiGe heterojunction, because
in these semiconductors one can vary the abundance of nuclear spins by
engineering the isotopic composition. A specific device is suggested, which
allows one to model the processes of recording, reading and information
transfer on a quantum level using the technique of electrical detection of the
magnetic state of nuclear spins. Improvement of this technique for a
semiconductor system with a relatively small number of nuclei might be applied
to the manipulation of nuclear spin ''qubits'' in the future S-NSQC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168273 </DOCNO>
Quantum message authentication codes


  This paper has been withdrawn because of an error in the proof of Lemma 1.
Without Lemma 1, the result of the main theorem (with the same proof, but
omitting the use of Lemma 1 to extend things to general attacks) only holds for
attacks in which the attacker applies a tensor product of Pauli matrices (for
qubits) or generalized Pauli matrices. The resulting theorem is still relevant
for quantum message authentication, but the very strong result claimed in
earlier versions of this paper does not hold. These matters will be addressed
further in joint work with Claude Crepeau, Daniel Gottesman, Adam Smith, and
Alain Tapp. Thanks to them and to Debbie Leung for spotting the error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73031 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Baryogenesis in Supersymmetric Variants


  We argue that the creation of a baryon asymmetry in the early universe is an
intriguing case where several aspects of ``Beyond'' physics are needed. We then
concentrate on baryogenesis in a strong first-order phase transition and
discuss that supersymmetric variants of the electroweak theory (MSSM and some
version of NMSSM) rather naturally provide the necessary ingredients. The
charginos and the stops play a prominent role. We present CP-violating
dispersion relations in the chargino sector and show results of a concrete
model calculation for the asymmetry production based on quasi-classical
Boltzmann transport equations and sphaleron transitions in the hot electroweak
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96636 </DOCNO>
Poincar\'{e} series and modular functions for U(n, 1)


  We construct infinitely many nonholomorphic automorphic forms and modular
forms associated to a discrete subgroup of infinite covolume of $U(n, 1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126551 </DOCNO>
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - VII. Constraining Cosmology from Redshift


  We describe a method from which cosmology may be constrained from the 2QZ
Survey. By comparing clustering properties parallel and perpendicular to the
line of sight and by modeling the effects of redshift space distortions, we are
able to study geometric distortions in the clustering pattern which occur if a
wrong cosmology is assumed when translating redshifts into comoving distances.
  Using mock 2QZ catalogues, drawn from the Hubble Volume simulation, we find,
that there is a degeneracy between the geometric and the redshift-space
distortions that makes it difficult to obtain an unambiguous estimate of
Omega_{m}(0) from the geometric tests alone. However, we demonstrate a new
method to determine the cosmology which works by combining the above geometric
test with a test based on the evolution of the QSO clustering amplitude. We
find that we are able to break the degeneracy and that independent constraints
to +-20% (1 sigma) accuracy on Omega_{m}(0) and +-10% (1 sigma) accuracy on
beta_{QSO}(z) should be possible in the full 2QZ survey.
  Finally we apply the method to the 10k catalogue of 2QZ QSOs. The smaller
number of QSOs and the current status of the Survey mean that a strong result
on cosmology is not possible but we do constrain beta_{QSO}(z) to 0.35+-0.2. By
combining this constraint with the further constraint available from the
amplitude of QSO clustering, we find tentative evidence favouring a model with
non-zero Omega_{Lambda}(0), although an Omega_{m}(0)=1 model provides only a
marginally less good fit. A model with Omega_{Lambda}(0)=1 is ruled out. The
results are in agreement with those found by Outram et al. using a similar
analysis in Fourier space. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124778 </DOCNO>
Origin of quasi-periodic shells in dust forming AGB winds


  We have combined time dependent hydrodynamics with a two-fluid model for dust
driven AGB winds. Our calculations include self-consistent gas chemistry, grain
formation and growth, and a new implementation of the viscous momentum transfer
between grains and gas. This allows us to perform calculations in which no
assumptions about the completeness of momentum coupling are made. We derive new
expressions to treat time dependent and non-equilibrium drift in a hydro code.
Using a stationary state calculation for IRC +10216 as initial model, the time
dependent integration leads to a quasi-periodic mass loss in the case where
dust drift is taken into account. The time scale of the variation is of the
order of a few hundred years, which corresponds to the time scale needed to
explain the shell structure of the envelope of IRC +10216 and other AGB and
post-AGB stars, which has been a puzzle since its discovery. No such
periodicity is observed in comparison models without drift between dust and
gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149724 </DOCNO>
Characters of $\hat{sl}(4)_k$ fusion algebra at non-rational level


  We construct the fusion ring of a quasi-rational $\hat{sl}(4)_k$ WZNW theory
at generic level $k \not\in Q$. It is generated by commutative elements in the
group ring $Z[\tilde{W}]$ of the affine Weyl group $\tilde{W}$ which extend
polynomially the formal characters of finite dimensional representations of
$sl(4)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6259 </DOCNO>
Two-stage Kondo effect in a quantum dot at high magnetic field


  We report a strong Kondo effect (Kondo temperature ~ 4K) at high magnetic
field in a selective area growth semiconductor quantum dot. The Kondo effect is
ascribed to a singlet-triplet transition in the ground state of the dot. At the
transition, the low-temperature conductance approaches the unitary limit. Away
from the transition, for low bias voltages and temperatures, the conductance is
sharply reduced. The observed behavior is compared to predictions for a
two-stage Kondo effect in quantum dots coupled to single-channel leads.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5957 </DOCNO>
Dynamics near the critical point: the hot renormalization group in


  The perturbative approach to the description of long wavelength excitations
at high temperature breaks down near the critical point of a second order phase
transition. We study the \emph{dynamics} of these excitations in a relativistic
scalar field theory at and near the critical point via a renormalization group
approach at high temperature and an $\epsilon$ expansion in $d=5-\epsilon$
space-time dimensions. The long wavelength physics is determined by a
non-trivial fixed point of the renormalization group. At the critical point we
find that the dispersion relation and width of quasiparticles of momentum $p$
is $\omega_p \sim p^{z}$ and $\Gamma_p \sim (z-1) \omega_p$ respectively, the
group velocity of quasiparticles $v_g \sim p^{z-1}$ vanishes in the long
wavelength limit at the critical point. Away from the critical point for
$T\gtrsim T_c$ we find $\omega_p \sim \xi^{-z}[1+(p \xi)^{2z}]^{{1/2}}$ and
$\Gamma_p \sim (z-1) \omega_p  \frac{(p \xi)^{2z}}{1+(p \xi)^{2z}}$ with $\xi$
the finite temperature correlation length $ \xi \propto |T-T_c|^{-\nu}$. The
new \emph{dynamical} exponent $z$ results from anisotropic renormalization in
the spatial and time directions. For a theory with O(N) symmetry we find $z=1+
\epsilon   \frac{N+2}{(N+8)^2}+\mathcal{O}(\epsilon^2)$. Critical slowing down,
i.e, a vanishing width in the long-wavelength limit, and the validity of the
quasiparticle picture emerge naturally from this analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97339 </DOCNO>
A note on Newtonian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian dynamical systems in


  Newtonian, Lagrangian, and Hamiltonian dynamical systems are well formalized
mathematically. They give rise to geometric structures describing motion of a
point in smooth manifolds. Riemannian metric is a different geometric structure
formalizing concepts of length and angle. The interplay of Riemannian metric
and its metric connection with mechanical structures produces some features
which are absent in the case of general (non-Riemannian) manifolds. The aim of
present paper is to discuss these features and develop special language for
describing Newtonian, Lagrangian, and Hamiltonian dynamical systems in
Riemannian manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126790 </DOCNO>
Southern Galactic Plane Survey Measurements of the Spatial Power


  Using data from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey we have measured the
spatial power spectrum of the interstellar neutral atomic hydrogen in the
fourth Galactic quadrant. This function shows the same power law behavior that
has been found for H I in the second quadrant of the Milky Way and in the
Magellanic Clouds, with the same slope. When we average over velocity intervals
broader than the typical small-scale velocity dispersion, we find that the
slope steepens, from approx. -3 to -4 for the warm gas, as predicted by
theories of interstellar turbulence if the column density fluctuations are
dominated by variations in the gas density on small spatial scales. The cool
gas shows a different increase of slope, that suggests that it is in the regime
of turbulence dominated by fluctuations in the velocity field. Overall, these
results confirm that the small scale structure and motions in the neutral
atomic medium are well described by a turbulent cascade of kinetic energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98067 </DOCNO>
Regularity Results for a class of Semilinear Parabolic Degenerate


  We consider a possibly strongly degenerate parabolic semilinear problem which
can be applied to a differential model for pricing financial derivatives. We
prove the asked regularity for applying the Ito's formula which is used for
building the differential model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 191 </DOCNO>
Why do Evolutionary Systems Stick to the Edge of Chaos


  The long-term behaviour of dynamic systems can be classified in two different
regimes, regular or chaotic, depending on the values of the control parameters,
which are kept constant during the time evolution. Starting from slightly
different initial conditions, a regular system converges to the same final
trajectory, whereas a chaotic system follows two distinct trajectories
exponentially diverging from each other. In spite of these differences, regular
and chaotic systems share a common property: both arrive exponentially fast to
their final destiny, becoming trapped there. In both cases one has finite
transient times. This is not a profitable property in what concerns
evolutionary strategies, where the eternal search for new forms, better than
the current one, is imperative. That is why evolutionary dynamic systems tend
to tune themselves in very particular situations in between regular and chaotic
regimes. These particular situations present eternal transients, and the system
actually never reaches its final destiny, preserving diversity. This feature
allows the system to visit other regions of the space of possibilities, not
only the tiny region covered by its final attractor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4323 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Dependence of the Transverse Plasmon in


  The magnetic field and temperature dependence of the transverse and
longitudinal plasmons in SmLa_0.8Sr_0.2CuO_{4-\delta} have been measured for
frequencies 5 < nu < 30 cm^{-1} and magnetic fields 0 < B < 7 T. A transition
between a vortex glass and a vortex liquid regime, which revealed different
field dependencies of the resonance frequencies, could be clearly observed. The
positions and the spectral weights of the plasmons were successfully described
using the multilayer model (Phys. Rev. B 64, 024530, 2001), which takes the
compressibility of the electronic liquid into account. The compressibility is
shown to remain constant in the broad range of field and temperature, which
strongly supports the applicability of the model. The absolute value of the
compressibility is close to that of a two-dimensional noninteracting electron
gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149440 </DOCNO>
Derivative corrections to Dirac-Born-Infeld and Chern-Simon actions from


  We show that the higher order derivative $\alpha^{'}$ corrections to the DBI
and Chern-Simon action is derived from non-commutativity in the Seiberg-Witten
limit, and is shown to agree with Wyllard's (hep-th/0008125) result, as
conjectured by Das et al., (hep-th/0106024). In calculating the corrections, we
have expressed $\hat F$ in terms F, $\hat A$ in terms of A up to order ${\cal
O}(A^3)$, and made use of it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1080 </DOCNO>
Transport in a classical model of an one-dimensional Mott insulator:


  We study numerically how conservation laws affect the optical conductivity
sigma(w) of a slightly doped one-dimensional Mott insulator. We investigate a
regime where the average distance between charge excitations is large compared
to their thermal de Broglie wave length and a classical description is
possible. Due to conservation laws, the dc-conductivity is infinite and the
Drude weight D is finite even at finite temperatures. Our numerical results
test and confirm exact theoretical predictions for D both for integrable and
non-integrable models. Small deviations from integrability induce slowly
decaying modes and, consequently, low-frequency peaks in sigma(w) which can be
described by a memory matrix approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86841 </DOCNO>
Pfaff systems theory and the unifications of gravitation and


  We show in the framework of Pfaff systems theory, the functional dependences
of the general analytic solutions of a suitable system of involutive
differential equations describing the differences between the analytic
solutions of the conformal and "Poincar\'e" Lie equations. Then we ascribe to
the infinitesimal variations of the parametrizing functionals some physical
meanings as the electromagnetic and gravitation potentials. We also deduce
their corresponding fields of interactions together with the differential
equations they must satisfy. Then we discuss on various possible physical
interpretations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123344 </DOCNO>
Spatial Diffusion of X-ray Emission Lines in the M87 Cooling Flow;


  Recent XMM-Newton observations of the cooling flow gas in M87 indicate
sharply decreasing oxygen, iron and silicon abundances within $\sim 5$ kpc of
the galactic center. This result is unexpected since stellar mass loss and Type
Ia supernovae are expected to produce pronounced central abundance maxima for
all three elements. However, it has been suggested that many of the strong
X-ray lines are optically thick and diffuse to larger radii in the cooling flow
before escaping, falsifying the central abundances. We verify with radiation
transfer calculations that this effect does indeed occur in the M87 cooling
flow, but that it is insufficient to account for the M87 observations. We
suggest that some source of continuous opacity is required to reduce the
central X-ray line emission, perhaps by warm gas at $T \sim 10^5 - 10^6$ K. The
radial surface brightness profiles of X-ray resonance lines are also sensitive
to turbulence in cooling flows which reduces the line center optical depths
considerably. Turbulence may provide sufficient energy to continuously heat the
warm absorbing gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125481 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Bursts from the Galactic X-Ray Transient Source GRS 1915+105


  We have analyzed publicly available RXTE/PCAs archival data of GRS 1915+105
during its burst/flaring state. The burst cycle ranges from 30 to 1300 s. These
bursts are different from the type I and type II classical bursts seen in Low
Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs) in terms of their temporal and spectral properties.
We have classified these bursts on the basis of properties observed during the
quiescent (low flux) phase. The 2 - 10 Hz QPOs are present during the quiescent
phase and disappear during the burst phase of all types of these X-ray bursts.
The duration of the quiescent phase can be explained assuming an outflow from
the post-shock regions and the catastrophic Compton cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2883 </DOCNO>
Stochastic trapping in a solvable model of on-line independent component


  Previous analytical studies of on-line Independent Component Analysis (ICA)
learning rules have focussed on asymptotic stability and efficiency. In
practice the transient stages of learning will often be more significant in
determining the success of an algorithm. This is demonstrated here with an
analysis of a Hebbian ICA algorithm which can find a small number of
non-Gaussian components given data composed of a linear mixture of independent
source signals. An idealised data model is considered in which the sources
comprise a number of non-Gaussian and Gaussian sources and a solution to the
dynamics is obtained in the limit where the number of Gaussian sources is
infinite. Previous stability results are confirmed by expanding around optimal
fixed points, where a closed form solution to the learning dynamics is
obtained. However, stochastic effects are shown to stabilise otherwise unstable
sub-optimal fixed points. Conditions required to destabilise one such fixed
point are obtained for the case of a single non-Gaussian component, indicating
that the initial learning rate \eta required to successfully escape is very low
(\eta = O(N^{-2}) where N is the data dimension) resulting in very slow
learning typically requiring O(N^3) iterations. Simulations confirm that this
picture holds for a finite system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73597 </DOCNO>
Global U(1) Invariance and Mass Scales in Supersymmetry


  In a supersymmetric theory with global U(1) invariance, the spontaneous
breaking of the latter without the breaking of supersymmetry is revisited in
the case of the most general superpotential of 3 singlet superfields. The
interesting possibility of having 2 hierarchical mass scales is pointed out,
together with its consequences as applied to the axionic solution of the strong
CP problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4236 </DOCNO>
Improved tensor-product expansions for the two-particle density matrix


  We present a new density-matrix functional within the recently introduced
framework for tensor-product expansions of the two-particle density matrix. It
performs well both for the homogeneous electron gas as well as atoms. For the
homogeneous electron gas, it performs significantly better than all previous
density-matrix functionals, becoming very accurate for high densities and
outperforming Hartree-Fock at metallic valence electron densities. For isolated
atoms and ions, it is on a par with previous density-matrix functionals and
generalized gradient approximations to density-functional theory. We also
present analytic results for the correlation energy in the low density limit of
the free electron gas for a broad class of such functionals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5799 </DOCNO>
Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Double-Layered Quantum Hall state


  We discuss and review the basic physics that leads to
superfluidity/superconductivity in certain quantum Hall states, in particular
the so-called double-layered (mmm) state. In the K-matrix description of the
quantum correlation in quantum Hall states, those states with det(K)=0 contain
a special correlation that leads to superfluidity/superconductivity. We propose
a four-terminal measurement to test the DC Josephson-like effect in interlayer
tunneling, so that the superfluidity/superconductivity in the (mmm) states can
be settled experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174684 </DOCNO>
Hadron freeze-out conditions in high energy nuclear collisions


  Systematic trend of the hadron freeze-out conditions from AGS/SPS to RHIC is
discussed. The most interesting results from collisions at RHIC are that the
system is indeed approaching net-baryon free and the transverse expansion is
much stronger than that from collisions at AGS/SPS energies. In order to
understand the trend of the collective velocity, an energy scan between
$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 20 - 200 GeV, is important. In addition, systematic studies on
the anisotropy parameter $v_2$ and the transverse momentum distributions of
$\phi, \Omega,$ and $J / \psi$ are necessary as they will help in determining
whether the collectivity is developed at the partonic stage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95906 </DOCNO>
On the valuation of arithmetic-average Asian options: the Geman-Yor


  The 1993 Laplace transform approach of Geman and Yor is a celebrated advance
in valuing Asian options. Its insights are fundamental from both a mathematical
and a financial perspective. In this paper, we discuss two observations
regarding the financial relevance of its results. First, we show that the Geman
and Yor Laplace transform is not that of an Asian option price, as reported in
Geman and Yor and other papers. We nonetheless show how the Geman and Yor
Laplace transform can be used to obtain the price of an Asian option. Second,
we find that following Geman and Yor these Laplace transfoms are available only
if the risk-neutral drift is not less than half the squared volatility. Using
complex analytic techniques, we lift this restriction, thus extending the
financial applicability of the Laplace transform approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179122 </DOCNO>
Non-diffractive mechanisms in the $\phi$ meson photoproduction on


  We examine the non-diffractive mechanisms in the $\phi$ meson photoproduction
from threshold up to a few GeV using an effective Lagrangian in a constituent
quark model. The new data from CLAS at large angles can be consistently
accounted for in terms of {\it s}- and {\it u}-channel processes. Isotopic
effects arising from the reactions $\gamma p\to \phi p$ and $\gamma n\to \phi
n$, are investigated by comparing the cross sections and polarized beam
asymmetries. Our result highlights an experimental means of studying
non-diffractive mechanisms in $\phi$ meson photoproduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128723 </DOCNO>
A spectroscopic survey of stars brighter than B=16.6 magnitude in omega


  Using the 2dF multi-fibre instrument at the AAT, we have carried out a
spectroscopic survey of over 1500 stars brighter than B=16.6 mag, which have
been confirmed by the proper motion study of van Leeuwen et al. (2000) to be
members of the massive galactic globular cluster, omega Centauri. The survey
aimed at sampling the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram in a uniform way, thus
avoiding a bias towards the dominant stellar population and allowing the study
of stars with less common properties such as particularly metal-rich or
metal-poor stars. Exceptionally, though, emphasis has been given to include as
many RR Lyrae variables as possible in order to address the question why these
variables are distributed over such a wide observed range in colours --
coinciding with many non-variable stars of similar colours. The potential of
the data and analysis are presented together with the first preliminary
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98535 </DOCNO>
Imbedded Singular Continuous Spectrum for Schr\"odinger Operators


  We construct examples of potentials $V(x)$ satisfying $|V(x)| \leq
\frac{h(x)}{1+x},$ where the function $h(x)$ is growing arbitrarily slowly,
such that the corresponding Schr\"odinger operator has imbedded singular
continuous spectrum. This solves one of the fifteen "twenty-first century"
problems for Schr\"odinger operators posed by Barry Simon. The construction
also provides the first example of a Schr\"odinger operator for which M\"oller
wave operators exist but are not asymptotically complete due to the presence of
singular continuous spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74997 </DOCNO>
Stable Superstring Relics and Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays


  One of the most intriguing experimental results of recent years is the
observation of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) above the GZK cutoff.
Plausible candidates for the UHECR primaries are the decay products of a
meta--stable matter state with mass of order O(10^{12-15 GeV}), which
simultaneously is a good cold dark matter candidate. We study possible
meta-stable matter states that arise from Wilson line breaking of GUT
symmetries in semi-realistic heterotic string models. In the models that we
study the exotic matter states can be classified according to patterns of
SO(10) symmetry breaking. We show that cryptons, which are states that carry
fractional electric charge $\pm1/2$, and are confined by a hidden gauge group
cannot produce viable dark matter. This is due to the fact that, in addition to
the lightest neutral bound state, cryptons give rise to meta-stable charged
bound states. However, these states may still account for the UHECR events. We
argue that the uniton, which is an exotic Standard Model quark but carries
``fractional'' U(1)_{Z'} charge, as well as the singleton, which is a Standard
Model singlet with ``fractional'' U(1)_{Z'} charge do provide viable dark
matter candidates and can at the same time explain the observed UHECR events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148378 </DOCNO>
Renormalisation in Quantum Mechanics


  We study a recently proposed quantum action depending on temperature. We
construct a renormalisation group equation describing the flow of action
parameters with temperature. At zero temperature the quantum action is obtained
analytically and is found free of higher time derivatives. It makes the quantum
action an ideal tool to investigate quantum chaos and quantum instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124497 </DOCNO>
H0 from an orientation-unbiased sample of SZ and X-ray clusters


  We have observed the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in a sample of five
moderate-redshift clusters with the Ryle Telescope, and used them in
conjunction with X-ray imaging and spectral data from ROSAT and ASCA to measure
the Hubble constant. This sample was chosen with a strict X-ray flux limit
using both the BCS and NORAS cluster catalogues to be well above the
surface-brightness limit of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, and hence to be unbiased
with respect to the orientation of the cluster. This controls the major
potential systematic effect in the SZ/X-ray method of measureing H0. Taking the
weighted geometric mean of the results and including the main sources of random
error, namely the noise in the SZ measurement, the uncertainty in the X-ray
temperatures and the unknown ellipticity of the clusters, we find H0 = 59 +8/-7
km/s/Mpc assuming a standard CDM model with Omega_M = 1.0, Omega_Lambda = 0.0,
or H0 = 65 +8/-7 km/s/Mpc if Omega_M = 0.3, Omega_Lambda = 0.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40745 </DOCNO>
Recent results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the STS-91


  The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a state of the art detector for the
extraterrestrial study of matter, antimatter and missing matter. During the ten
days long STS-91 precursor flight in may 1998 AMS collected nearly 100 millions
of Cosmic Rays on Low Earth Orbit, measuring with high accuracy their
composition. We present results on the flux of proton, electron, positron and
helium particles in the rigidity region 0.1 to 200 GV . Analysis of the under
cutoff spectra indicates the existence of a new type of belts containing high
energy particles and characterized by a dominance of positrons versus
electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179456 </DOCNO>
Nuclear mean field from chiral pion-nucleon dynamics


  Using the two-loop approximation of chiral perturbation theory, we calculate
the momentum and density dependent single particle potential of nucleons in
isospin-symmetric nuclear matter. The contributions from one- and two-pion
exchange diagrams give rise to a potential depth for a nucleon at rest of
$U(0,k_{f0}) = -53.2 $MeV at saturation density. The momentum dependence of the
real part of the single particle potential $U(p,k_{f0})$ is non-monotonic and
can be translated into a mean effective nucleon mass of $\bar M^* \simeq 0.8
M$. The imaginary part of the single particle potential $W(p,k_f)$ is generated
to that order entirely by iterated one-pion exchange. The resulting half width
of a nucleon hole-state at the bottom of the Fermi sea comes out as
$W(0,k_{f0})=29.7 $MeV. The basic theorems of Hugenholtz-Van-Hove and Luttinger
are satisfied in our perturbative two-loop calculation of the nuclear mean
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169542 </DOCNO>
Charge in electric field in probability representation


  Green function and linear integrals of motion for a charged particle moving
in electric field are discussed. Wigner function and tomogram of the ststionary
states of the charge are obtained. Connection of quantum propagators for
Schrodinger evolution equation, Moyal evolution equation and evolution equation
in tomographic probability representation for charge moving in electric field
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99150 </DOCNO>
Markov theorem for transversal links


  It is shown that two braids represent transversally isotopic links if and
only if one can pass from one braid to another by conjugations in braid groups,
positive Markov moves, and their inverses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123588 </DOCNO>
The Classification of T Dwarfs


  We discuss methods for classifying T dwarfs based on spectral morphological
features and indices. T dwarfs are brown dwarfs which exhibit methane
absorption bands at 1.6 and 2.2 ${\mu}m$. Spectra at red optical (6300--10100
{\AA}) and near-infrared (1--2.5 ${\mu}m$) wavelengths are presented, and
differences between objects are noted and discussed. Spectral indices useful
for classification schemes are presented. We conclude that near-infrared
spectral classification is generally preferable for these cool objects, with
data sufficient to resolve the 1.17 and 1.25 ${\mu}m$ K I doublets lines being
most valuable. Spectral features sensitive to gravity are discussed, with the
strength of the K-band peak used as an example. Such features may be used to
derive a two-dimensional scheme based on temperature and mass, in analogy to
the MK temperature and luminosity classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7094 </DOCNO>
Broken-Symmetry States in Quantum Hall Superlattices


  We argue that broken-symmetry states with either spatially diagonal or
spatially off-diagonal order are likely in the quantum Hall regime, for clean
multiple quantum well (MQW) systems with small layer separations. We find that
for MQW systems, unlike bilayers, charge order tends to be favored over
spontaneous interlayer coherence. We estimate the size of the interlayer
tunneling amplitude needed to stabilize superlattice Bloch minibands by
comparing the variational energies of interlayer-coherent superlattice miniband
states with those of states with charge order and states with no broken
symmetries. We predict that when coherent miniband ground states are stable,
strong interlayer electronic correlations will strongly enhance the
growth-direction tunneling conductance and promote the possibility of Bloch
oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168251 </DOCNO>
Quantum Data Hiding


  We expand on our work on Quantum Data Hiding -- hiding classical data among
parties who are restricted to performing only local quantum operations and
classical communication (LOCC). We review our scheme that hides one bit between
two parties using Bell states, and we derive upper and lower bounds on the
secrecy of the hiding scheme. We provide an explicit bound showing that
multiple bits can be hidden bitwise with our scheme. We give a preparation of
the hiding states as an efficient quantum computation that uses at most one
ebit of entanglement. A candidate data hiding scheme that does not use
entanglement is presented. We show how our scheme for quantum data hiding can
be used in a conditionally secure quantum bit commitment scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7142 </DOCNO>
Intermittency and non-Gaussian fluctuations of the global energy


  We address the experimentally observed non-Gaussian fluctuations for the
energy injected into a closed turbulent flow at fixed Reynolds number, using a
stochastic cascade model of turbulence. We define the global energy injection
as the sum over the energy transfers at different levels of the cascade ${\cal
E} = \sum_{\ell} \epsilon_{\ell}$. Fluctuations in this quantity are
non-Gaussian, with an asymmetric distribution that strongly resembles the
experimental data. We show that the asymmetry is an explicit consequence of
intermittency effects at small scales and that the global measure is dominated
by small scale events correlated over the entire system. We show that the
calculation is consistent with the statistical analogy recently made between a
confined turbulent flow and a critical system of finite size

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 80 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of Li(2)VOSiO(4): a


  NMR, muSR, magnetization and specific heat measurements in Li(2)VOSiO(4)
powders and single crystals are reported. Specific heat and magnetization
measurements evidence that Li(2)VOSiO(4) is a frustrated two-dimensional S=1/2
Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a square lattice with a superexchange coupling
J_1, along the sides of the square, almost equal to J_2, the one along the
diagonal ($J_2/J_1=1.1\pm 0.1$ with $J_2 + J_1 = 8.2\pm 1$ K). At $T_c\simeq
2.8$ K a phase transition to a low temperature collinear order is observed. T_c
and the sublattice magnetization, derived from NMR and muSR, were found
practically independent on the magnetic field intensity up to 9 Tesla. The
critical exponent of the sublattice magnetization was estimated $\beta\simeq
0.235$, nearly coincident with the one predicted for a two-dimensional XY
system on a finite size. The different magnetic properties found above and
below T_c are associated with the modifications in the spin hamiltonian arising
from a structural distortion occurring just above T_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168788 </DOCNO>
Functional Techniques in Classical Mechanics


  In 1931 Koopman and von Neumann extended previous work of Liouville and
provided an operatorial version of Classical Mechanics (CM). In this talk we
will review a path-integral formulation of this operatorial version of CM. In
particular we will study the geometrical nature of the many auxiliary variables
present and of the unexpected universal symmetries generated by the functional
technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72481 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric effects in rare semileptonic decays of B and K mesons


  Rare flavour-changing neutral-current transitions of the type $s \to d
\ell^+\ell^-(\nu\bar\nu)$ and $b \to s \ell^+\ell^-(\nu\bar\nu)$ are analysed
in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model with generic flavour
couplings. It is shown that these processes are particularly sensitive to the
left--right mixing of the squarks and that, in the presence of non-universal
$A$ terms, they could lead to unambiguous signatures of new physics in
exclusive $K$ and $B$ meson decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96536 </DOCNO>
On certain higher dimensional analogues of vertex algebras


  A higher dimensional analogue of the notion of vertex algebra is formulated
in terms of formal variable language with Borcherds' notion of $G$-vertex
algebra as a motivation. Some examples are given and certain analogous duality
properties are proved. Furthermore, it is proved that for any vector space $W$,
any set of mutually local multi-variable vertex operators on $W$ in a certain
canonical way generates a vertex algebra with $W$ as a natural module.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75246 </DOCNO>
Are Occupation Numbers Observable?


  The question of whether occupation numbers and momentum distributions of
nucleons in nuclei are observables is considered from an effective field theory
perspective. Field redefinitions lead to variations that imply the answer is
negative, as illustrated in the interacting Fermi gas at low density.
Implications for the interpretation of (e,e'p) experiments with nuclei are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73593 </DOCNO>
Testing the AMSB Model via $e^+e^- \to \tilde{\chi}^+ \tilde{\chi}^-


  The possibility of detecting the signature of a nearly invisible charged wino
($\CH$) decaying into a soft pion and the LSP($\LSP$), predicted by the Anomaly
Mediated Symmetry Breaking model, via the process
$e^+e^-\r\gamma{\tilde\chi}^{+}{\tilde\chi}^{-}$ at the Next Linear Collider
has been explored. Using the recently, proposed bounds on slepton and wino
masses derived from the condition of stability of the electroweak symmetry
breaking vacuum and employing some standared kinematical cuts to supress the
background, we find that almost the whole of the allowed parameter space with
the slepton mass less than 1 TeV, can be probed at $\sqrt{s}$ 500 GeV.
Determination of the slepton and the chargino masses from this signal is a
distinct possiblity. Any violation of the above mass bound will suggest that
the standard vacuum is unstable and we are living in a false vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123356 </DOCNO>
Galactic Chemical Evolution and the abundances of lithium, beryllium and


  A LiBeB evolution model including Galactic Cosmic Ray nucleosynthesis, the
$\nu$-process, novae, AGB and C-stars is presented. We have included Galactic
Cosmic Ray Nucleosynthesis (GCRN) in a complete Chemical Evolution Model that
takes into account 76 stable isotopes from hydrogen to zinc. Any successful
LiBeB evolution model should also be compatible with other observational
constraints like the age-metallicity relation, the G-dwarf distribution or the
evolution of other elements. At the same time, we have checked how different
would be a model that took into account the last observations by Wakker et al.
(1999) of metal-enriched clouds falling onto the disk, from a primordial infall
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72499 </DOCNO>
Spinor techniques for massive fermions with arbitrary polarization


  We present a new variant of the spinor techniques for calculating the
amplitudes of processes involving massive fermions with arbitrary polarization.
It is relatively simple and leads to basic spinor products. Our procedure is
not more complex than CALCUL spinor techniques for massless fermions. We obtain
spinor Chisholm identities for massive fermions. As an illustration,
expressions are given for the amplitudes of electron-positron annihilation into
fermions-pairs for several polarizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98785 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of Restricted Lie Algebras


  In this dissertation, we investigate the cohomology theory of restricted Lie
algebras. The representation theory of restricted Lie algebras is reviewed
including a description of the restricted universal enveloping algebra. In the
case of an abelian restricted Lie algebra, we construct an augmented complex of
free modules over the enveloping algebra that is exact in dimensions less than
p and hence define the cohomology theory of these algebras in dimension less
than p. In the non-abelian case, we explicitly construct cochain spaces for any
coefficient module in dimensions less than 3, and give explicit formulas for
the coboundary operators in these dimensions. The corresponding notions of the
usual algebraic interpretations of ordinary low dimensional cohomology are
defined and we show that our restricted cohomology spaces encode this
information as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168105 </DOCNO>
Quantum Key Distribution and Quantum Authentication Based on Entangled


  Using the previously shared Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs, a proposal which
can be used to distribute a quantum key and identify the user's identification
simultaneously is presented. In this scheme, two local unitary operations and
the Bell state measurement are used. Combined with quantum memories, a
cryptographic network is proposed. One advantage is no classical communication
is needed, which make the scheme more secure. The secure analysis of this
scheme is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95796 </DOCNO>
Tracking eigenvalues to the frontier of moduli space I: Convergence and


  We study the limiting behavior of eigenfunctions/eigenvalues of the Laplacian
of a family of Riemannian metrics that degenerates on a hypersurface. Our
results generalize earlier work concerning the degeneration of hyperbolic
surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4171 </DOCNO>
Electro-magnetic Aharonov-Bohm effect in a 2-D electron gas ring


  We define a mesoscopic ring in a 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG)
interrupted by two tunnel barriers, enabling us to apply a well-defined
potential difference between the two halves of the ring. The electron
interference in the ring is modified using a perpendicular magnetic field and a
bias voltage. We observe clear Aharonov-Bohm oscillations up to the quantum
Hall regime as a function of both parameters. The electron travel time between
the barriers is found to increase with the applied magnetic field. Introducing
a scattering model, we develop a new method to measure the non-equilibrium
electron dephasing time, which becomes very short at high voltages and magnetic
fields. The relevance of electron-electron interactions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179084 </DOCNO>
Asymmetry in $\vec{n} + p -> d + \gamma$


  Heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory (HBChPT) is applied to the asymmetry
$A_\gamma$ in $\vec{n} + p \to d + \gamma$ at threshold, which arises due to
the weak parity non-conserving interactions. Instead of appealing to Siegert's
theorem, transition operators up to next-to-leading chiral order are derived
and the corresponding amplitudes are evaluated with the Argonne $v_{18}$
wavefunctions. In addition to the impulse contribution, both parity-conserving
and parity-non-conserving two-body one-pion-exchange diagrams appear up to this
order. Our prediction for the asymmetry is $A_\gamma = - 0.10 \hpiNN$, which is
close to the Siegert's theorem based result, $A_\gamma \simeq -0.11 \hpiNN$.
This illustrates that HBChPT is effective in the parity-non-conserving physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168143 </DOCNO>
Is the Thomas precession a source of SR power?


  The structural composition and the properties of the first quantum
spin-orientation-dependent correction to synchrotron radiation power are
discussed. On the basis of spin mass renormalization it is shown that, in the
conventional sence, the Thomas precession is not a source of relativistic
radiation. This conclusion is in agreement with well-known statements on the
spin dependence of mass and purely kinematic origin of Thomas precession.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179428 </DOCNO>
The rho meson in nuclear matter - a chiral unitary approach


  In this work, the properties of the $\rho$ meson at rest in cold symmetric
nuclear matter are studied. We make use of a chiral unitary approach to
pion-pion scattering in the vector-isovector channel, calculated from the
lowest order Chiral Perturbation Theory ($\chi PT$) lagrangian including
explicit resonance fields. Low energy chiral constraints are considered by
matching our expressions to those of one loop $\chi PT$. To account for the
medium corrections, the $\rho$ couples to $\pi\pi$ pairs which are properly
renormalized in the nuclear medium, accounting for both $p-h$ and $\Delta -h$
excitations. The terms where the $\rho$ couples directly to the hadrons in the
$p-h$ or $\Delta-h$ excitations are also accounted for. In addition, the $\rho$
is also allowed to couple to $N^{*}(1520)-h$ components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41224 </DOCNO>
D0-D0bar Mixing in FOCUS


  We report on a direct measurement of the mixing parameter
y=(3.42+-1.39+-0.74)% in the D0-D0bar system by measuring the lifetime
difference between the CP mixed final state K^+pi^- and the CP even state
K^+K^-. We also present a study of the decay \ws based on a sample of 149+-31
observed events compared to 36760+-195 events observed in the Cabibbo favored
channel D0->K^-pi^+. The observed branching ratio R=(0.404+-0.085+-0.025)% is
used to obtain limits on the mixing parameters x' and y' and the doubly Cabibbo
suppressed branching ratio, R_DCS. These studies are based on a large sample of
photoproduced charm mesons from the FOCUS experiment at Fermilab (FNAL-E831).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128361 </DOCNO>
Molecular Hydrogen in High-Velocity Clouds


  We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) observations of
interstellar molecular hydrogen (H_2) in two Galactic high-velocity clouds
(HVCs). Molecular hydrogen absorption is detected in the Magellanic Stream
(abundance ~0.3 solar) toward the Seyfert galaxy Fairall 9 in the lowest three
rotational states (J=0-2) at v(LSR)=+190 km/s, yielding a total H_2 column
density of log N(H_2)=16.40(+0.26)(-0.53). In contrast, no H_2 absorption is
seen in the high-velocity cloud Complex C (abundance ~0.1 solar) toward the
quasar PG 1259+593 (log N(H_2)<13.96 at v(LSR)=-130 km/s) although both HVCs
have similar HI column densities on the order of log N(HI)~20. Weak H_2
absorption is detected in the Intermediate-Velocity Arch (IV Arch; abundance
\~1.0 solar) toward PG 1259+593 (log N(H_2)=14.10(+0.21)(-0.44) at v(LSR)=-55
km/s and log N(HI)=19.5). It thus appears that metal- and dust-poor halo clouds
like Complex C are not able to form and maintain widely distributed H_2,
whereas metal and dust-rich halo clouds like the IV Arch can maintain H_2 even
at low HI column densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40854 </DOCNO>
Coriolis Force and Sagnac Effect


  We consider the optical Sagnac effect, when the fictitious gravitational
field simulates the reflections from the mirrors. It is shown that no
contradiction exists between the conclusions of the laboratory and rotated
observers. Because of acting of gravity-like Coriolis force the trajectories of
co- and anti-rotating photons have different radii in the rotating reference
frame, while in the case of the equal radius the effective gravitational
potentials for the photons have to be different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128517 </DOCNO>
MONS on the Danish Roemer satellite: Measuring Oscillations in Nearby


  MONS is the scientific project on the Danish Roemer satellite mission, which
is being developed as part of the Danish Small Satellite Programme. The
principal goal is to study solar-like oscillations in around 20 bright stars,
with a precision that in the best cases will be limited only by the intrinsic
stellar `noise'. The baseline orbit, a so-called Molniya orbit, allows access
to essentially the entire sky during the planned 2-year mission. The main
instrument is a short-focus reflecting telescope with an aperture of 32 cm,
making two-colour measurements. A focused Field Monitor will be used to detect
and correct for possible faint variable stars of substantial amplitude near the
main target. In addition the Field Monitor, and the Star Trackers on the
platform, may be used to observe a broad range of variable phenomena. The
project has concluded the Systems Definition Phase by a successful review, and
launch is scheduled for the middle of 2005.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74179 </DOCNO>
Impact of Higher Order and Soft Gluon Corrections on the Extraction of


  The impact of recently calculated next-to-next-to-leading order QCD
corrections and soft gluon resummations on the extraction of higher twist
contributions to the deep-inelastic structure function F_2 is studied using the
BCDMS and SLAC data. It is demonstrated to which extent the need for higher
twist terms is diminishing due to these higher order effects in the kinematical
region, 0.35 \le x \le 0.85 and Q^2>1.2 GeV^2, investigated. In addition,
theoretical uncertainties in the extraction of higher twist contributions are
discussed, and comparisons to results obtained previously are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3394 </DOCNO>
Limit theorems for monolayer ballistic deposition in the continuum


  We consider a deposition model in which balls rain down at random towards a
2-dimensional surface, roll downwards over existing adsorbed balls, are
adsorbed if they reach the surface, and discarded if not. We prove a spatial
law of large numbers and central limit theorem for the ultimate number of balls
adsorbed onto a large toroidal surface, and also for the number of balls
adsorbed on the restriction to a large region of an infinite surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97503 </DOCNO>
A Torelli theorem for the moduli space of Higgs bundles on a curve


  Let X be a smooth projective complex curve, and let M be the moduli space of
stable Higgs bundles on X (with genus g>1), with rank n and fixed determinant
\xi, with n and deg(\xi) coprime. Let X' and \xi' be another such curve and
line bundle, and M' the corresponding moduli space. We prove that if M and M'
are isomorphic as algebraic varieties, then X and X' are isomorphic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96695 </DOCNO>
On quantization of quadratic Poisson structures


  Any classical r-matrix on the Lie algebra of linear operators on a real
vector space V gives rise to a quadratic Poisson structure on V which admits a
deformation quantization stemming from the construction of V. Drinfel'd. We
exhibit in this article an example of quadratic Poisson structure which does
not arise this way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179471 </DOCNO>
Saturation properties of nuclear matter and correlated nucleons


  A brief overview is given of the properties of spectral functions in finite
nuclei as obtained from (e,e'p) experiments. Based on recent experimental data
from this reaction it is argued that the empirical value of the saturation
density of nuclear matter is dominated by short-range correlations. This
observation and the observed fragmentation and depletion of the single-particle
strength in nuclei provide the motivation for attempting a self-consistent
description of the nucleon spectral functions with full inclusion of
short-range and tensor correlations in nuclear matter. Results for these
``second generation'' spectral functions will be discussed with emphasis on the
consequences for the saturation properties of nuclear matter. Arguments are
presented to clarify the obscuring role of pionic long-range correlations in
this long-standing problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7549 </DOCNO>
Formation of Two Component Bose Condensate During the Chemical Potential


  In this article we study the formation of the two modes Bose-Einstein
condensate and the correlation between them. We show that beyond the mean field
approximation the dissociation of a molecular condensate due to the chemical
potential curve crossing leads to the formation of two modes condensate. We
also show that these two modes are correlated in a two mode squeezed state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3847 </DOCNO>
"Forbidden" transitions between quantum Hall and insulating phases in


  We show that in dilute metallic p-SiGe heterostructures, magnetic field can
cause multiple quantum Hall-insulator-quantum Hall transitions. The insulating
states are observed between quantum Hall states with filling factors \nu=1 and
2 and, for the first time, between \nu=2 and 3 and between \nu=4 and 6. The
latter are in contradiction with the original global phase diagram for the
quantum Hall effect. We suggest that the application of a (perpendicular)
magnetic field induces insulating behavior in metallic p-SiGe heterostructures
in the same way as in Si MOSFETs. This insulator is then in competition with,
and interrupted by, integer quantum Hall states leading to the multiple
re-entrant transitions. The phase diagram which accounts for these transition
is similar to that previously obtained in Si MOSFETs thus confirming its
universal character.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6114 </DOCNO>
Twisted Parafermions


  A new type of nonlocal currents (quasi-particles), which we call twisted
parafermions, and its corresponding twisted $Z$-algebra are found. The system
consists of one spin-1 bosonic field and six nonlocal fields of fractional
spins. Jacobi-type identities for the twisted parafermions are derived, and a
new conformal field theory is constructed from these currents. As an
application, a parafermionic representation of the twisted affine current
algebra $A^{(2)}_2$ is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73638 </DOCNO>
Transport Coefficients in Large $N_f$ Gauge Theory: Testing Hard Thermal


  We compute shear viscosity and flavor diffusion coefficients for
ultra-relativistic gauge theory with many fermionic species, Nf >> 1, to
leading order in 1/Nf. The calculation is performed both at leading order in
the effective coupling strength g^2 Nf, using the Hard Thermal Loop (HTL)
approximation, and completely to all orders in g^2 Nf. This constitutes a
nontrivial test of how well the HTL approximation works. We find that in this
context, the HTL approximation works well wherever the renormalization point
sensitivity of the leading order HTL result is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169282 </DOCNO>
Exact and Approximate Performance of Concatenated Quantum Codes


  We derive the effective channel for a logical qubit protected by an arbitrary
quantum error-correcting code, and derive the map between channels induced by
concatenation. For certain codes in the presence of single-bit Pauli errors, we
calculate the exact threshold error probability for perfect fidelity in the
infinite concatenation limit. We then use the control theory technique of
balanced truncation to find low-order non-asymptotic approximations for the
effective channel dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169174 </DOCNO>
Quantum Holography


  We propose to make use of quantum entanglement for extracting holographic
information about a remote 3-D object in a confined space which light enters,
but from which it cannot escape. Light scattered from the object is detected in
this confined space entirely without the benefit of spatial resolution. Quantum
holography offers this possibility by virtue of the fourth-order quantum
coherence inherent in entangled beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126691 </DOCNO>
The Contribution of HI-Rich Galaxies to the Damped Absorber Population


  We present a study of HI-rich galaxies in the local universe selected from
blind emission-line surveys. These galaxies represent the emission-line
counterparts of local damped Lyman-alpha systems. We find that the HI
cross-section of galaxies is drawn from a large range of galaxy masses below
M_star, 66% of the area comes from galaxies in the range 8.5 < Log M_star <
9.7. Both because of the low mass galaxy contribution, and because of the range
of galaxy types and luminosities at any given HI mass, the galaxies
contributing to the HI cross-section are not exclusively L_star spirals, as is
often expected. The optical and near infrared counterparts of these galaxies
cover a range of types (from spirals to irregulars), luminosities (from L_star
to <0.01 L_star), and surface brightnesses. The range of optical and near
infrared properties as well as the kinematics for this population are
consistent with the properties for the low-z damped Lyman-alpha absorbers. We
also show that the number of HI-rich galaxies in the local universe does not
preclude evolution of the low-z damped absorber population, but it is
consistent with no evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124160 </DOCNO>
Optical identification of supersoft X-ray sources in M31


  We report on initial progress in a program of optical identification of
supersoft X-ray sources in M31, pursued mainly with the WIYN telescope. We
propose the identification of one supersoft X-ray source with a variable star,
which we believe to have been a classical or recurrent nova in outburst in
September 1990. The nova remnant must have been still a supersoft X-ray sources
5 years after this observation, when it was observed with ROSAT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87083 </DOCNO>
On dispersion relations and the statistical mechanics of Hawking


  We analyze the interplay between dispersion relations for the spectrum of
Hawking quanta and the statistical mechanics of such a radiation. We first find
the general relation between the occupation number density and the energy
spectrum of Hawking quanta and then study several cases in details. We show
that both the canonical and the microcanonical picture of the evaporation lead
to the same linear dispersion relation for relatively large black holes. We
also compute the occupation number obtained by instead assuming that the
spectrum levels out (and eventually falls to zero) for very large momenta and
show that the luminosity of black holes is not appreciably affected by the
modified statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85829 </DOCNO>
Observer-independent quanta of mass and length


  It has been observed recently by Giovanni Amelino-Camelia \cite{gac1, gac2}
that the hypothesis of existence of a minimal observer-independent (Planck)
length scale is hard to reconcile with special relativity. As a remedy he
postulated to modify special relativity by introducing an observer-independent
length scale. In this letter we set forward a proposal how one should modify
the principles of special relativity, so as to assure that the values of mass
and length scales are the same for any inertial observer. It turns out that one
can achieve this by taking dispersion relations such that the speed of light
goes to infinity for finite momentum (but infinite energy), proposed e.g., in
the framework of the quantum $\kappa$-Poincar\'e symmetry. It follows that at
the Planck scale the world may be non-relativistic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6939 </DOCNO>
Probing confined interfacial excitations in buried layers by Brillouin


  Brillouin light scattering from silicon oxynitride films grown on GaAs
reveals a low frequency elastic wave excitation at frequencies lying below that
of the Rayleigh surface wave. This mode, identified as an excitation localized
by the interface, arises from the presence of a soft, thin transition layer
between the film and substrate. Observations of this low frequency excitation
offer a previously unexplored approach to characterize, non-destructively, the
properties of buried interfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149494 </DOCNO>
From Supermembrane to Matrix String


  We develop a systematic method of directly embedding supermembrane wrapped
around a circle into matrix string theory. Our purpose is to study connection
between matrix string and membrane from an entirely 11 dimensional point of
view. The method does neither rely upon the DLCQ limit nor upon string
dualities. In principle, this enables us to construct matrix string theory with
arbitrary backgrounds from the corresponding supermembrane theory. As a
simplest application of the formalism, the matrix-string action with a 7 brane
background (Kaluza-Klein Melvin solution) with nontrivial RR vector field is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123736 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic radio source evolution & unification: clues to the


  In this paper we discuss the demographics of the radio blazar population: (i)
what are their parent (`unbeamed') sources and (ii) what magnitude and/or type
of evolution have they undergone ? The discussion is based on models of radio
source evolution and beaming based on a `dual population' unification paradigm.
These models, developed from radio blazar properties in bright samples, predict
blazar demographic trends at the lower flux-density levels; samples from deep
mJy-level surveys (e.g. NVSS and FIRST) may now provide direct tests of these
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114316 </DOCNO>
Transverse emittance measurements on an S-band photoinjector rf electron


  Proposed fourth generation light sources using SASE FELs to generate short
pulse, coherent, X-rays require demonstration of high brightness electron
sources. The Gun Test Facility (GTF) at SLAC was built to test high brightness
sources for the proposed Linac Coherent Light Source at SLAC. The transverse
emittance measurements are made at nearly 30 MeV by measuring the spot size on
a YAG screen using the quadrupole scan technique. The emittance was measured to
vary from 1 to 3.5 mm-mrad as the charge is increased from 50 to 350 pC using a
laser pulse width of 2 ps FWHM. The measurements are in good agreement with
simulation results using the LANL version of PARMELA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127764 </DOCNO>
Antibias in Clusters: The Dependence of M/L on Cluster Temperature


  We show that the observed mass-to-light ratio of galaxy clusters increases
with cluster temperature as expected from cosmological simulations. Contrary to
previous observational suggestions, we find a mild but robust increase of M/L
from poor (T = 1 - 2 keV) to rich (T = 12 keV) clusters; over this range, the
mean M/L_V increases by a factor of about 2. The best fit relation satisfies
M/L_V = (170 +- 30) T(keV)^(0.3 +- 0.1) h at z=0, with a large scatter. This
trend confirms predictions from cosmological simulations which show that the
richest clusters are antibiased, with a higher ratio of mass per unit light
than average. The antibias increases with cluster temperature. The effect is
caused by the relatively older age of the high-density clusters, where light
has declined more significantly than average since their earlier formation
time. Combining the current observations with simulations, we find a global
value of M/L_V = 240 +- 50 h, and a corresponding mass density of the universe
of Omega_m = 0.17 +- 0.05.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4574 </DOCNO>
Applications and Sexual Version of a Simple Model for Biological Ageing


  We use a simple model for biological ageing to study the mortality of the
population, obtaining a good agreement with the Gompertz law. We also simulate
the same model on a square lattice, considering different strategies of
parental care. The results are in agreement with those obtained earlier with
the more complicated Penna model for biological ageing. Finally, we present the
sexual version of this simple model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168168 </DOCNO>
Solid-State Quantum Computer Based on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy


  We propose a solid-state nuclear spin quantum computer based on application
of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and well-developed silicon technology.
It requires the measurement of tunneling current modulation caused by the
Larmor precession of a single electron spin.
  Our envisioned STM quantum computer would operate at the high magnetic field
($\sim 10$T) and at low temperature $\sim 1$K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113996 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Reduction of Non Integrable Hamiltonian Systems


  Based on the Renormalization Group method, a reduction of non integrable
multi-dimensional hamiltonian systems has been performed. The evolution
equations for the slowly varying part of the angle-averaged phase space
density, and for the amplitudes of the angular modes have been derived. It has
been shown that these equations are precisely the Renormalization Group
equations. As an application of the approach developed, the modulational
diffusion in one-and-a-half degree of freedom dynamical system has been studied
in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74467 </DOCNO>
Scalar Mesons, Glueballs, Instantons and the Glueball/Sigma


  We include instanton effects in QCD sum rules for coupled scalar glueballs
and mesons. We find a light glueball/sigma as in earlier studies without
instantons, but in a lattice-type pure instanton model the light glueball/sigma
is not found. In the 1-2 Gev region we now find that lightest I=0 meson, in the
region of the f$_o$(1370), has no direct glueball mixing, with the instanton
loop replacing the glueball component. The lightest scalar mainly glueball in
the region of the f$_o$(1500) is sensitive to the choice of nonperturbative
gluonic parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72876 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in technicolor models


  Contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment are evaluated in the
technicolor model with scalars and topcolor assisted technicolor model. In the
technicolor model with scalars, the additional contributions come from the
loops of scalars, which were found sizable only for a very large $f/f^{'}$
disfavored by the experiment of $b\to s\gamma$. The topcolor effect is also
found to be large only for an unnaturally large $\tan\theta'$, and thus the
previously evaluated loop effects of extended technicolor bosons, suppressed by
$m_{\mu}^2/M_{ETC}^2$, must be resorted to account for the E821 experiment. So,
if the E821 experiment result persists, it would be a challenge to technicolor
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95738 </DOCNO>
Free bosons and tau-functions for compact Riemann surfaces and closed


  We study families of quantum field theories of free bosons on a compact
Riemann surface of genus g. For the case g > 0 these theories are parameterized
by holomorphic line bundles of degree g-1, and for the case g=0 - by smooth
closed Jordan curves on the complex plane. In both cases we define a notion of
tau-function as a partition function of the theory and evaluate it explicitly.
For the case g > 0 the tau-function is an analytic torsion [3], and for the
case g=0 - the regularized energy of a certain natural pseudo-measure on the
interior domain of a closed curve. For these cases we rigorously prove the Ward
identities for the current correlation functions and determine them explicitly.
For the case g > 0 these functions coincide with those obtained in [21,36]
using bosonization. For the case g=0 the tau-function we have defined coincides
with the tau-function introduced in [29,44,24] as a dispersionless limit of the
Sato's tau-function for the two-dimensional Toda hierarchy. As a corollary of
the Ward identities, we obtain recent results [44,24] on relations between
conformal maps of exterior domains and tau-functions. For this case we also
define a Hermitian metric on the space of all contours of given area. As
another corollary of the Ward identities we prove that the introduced metric is
Kahler and the logarithm of the tau-function is its Kahler potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123996 </DOCNO>
A Pair of Compact Red Galaxies at Redshift 2.38, Immersed in a 100 kpc


  We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and ground-based observations of a
pair of galaxies at redshift 2.38, which are collectively known as 2142-4420 B1
(Francis et al. 1996). The two galaxies are both luminous extremely red objects
(EROs), separated by 0.8 arcsec. They are embedded within a 100 kpc scale
diffuse Ly-alpha nebula (or blob) of luminosity ~10^44 erg/s.
  The radial profiles and colors of both red objects are most naturally
explained if they are young elliptical galaxies: the most distant yet found. It
is not, however, possible to rule out a model in which they are abnormally
compact, extremely dusty starbursting disk galaxies. If they are elliptical
galaxies, their stellar populations have inferred masses of ~10^11 solar masses
and ages of ~7x10^8 years. Both galaxies have color gradients: their centers
are significantly bluer than their outer regions. The surface brightness of
both galaxies is roughly an order of magnitude greater than would be predicted
by the Kormendy relation. A chain of diffuse star formation extending 1 arcsec
from the galaxies may be evidence that they are interacting or merging.
  The Ly-alpha nebula surrounding the galaxies shows apparent velocity
substructure of amplitude ~ 700 km/s. We propose that the Ly-alpha emission
from this nebula may be produced by fast shocks, powered either by a galactic
superwind or by the release of gravitational potential energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96272 </DOCNO>
Dirac Operator on the Quantum Sphere


  We construct a Dirac operator on the quantum sphere $S^2_q$ which is
covariant under the action of $SU_q(2)$. It reduces to Watamuras' Dirac
operator on the fuzzy sphere when $q\to 1$. We argue that our Dirac operator
may be useful in constructing $SU_q(2)$ invariant field theories on $S^2_q$
following the Connes-Lott approach to noncommutative geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73567 </DOCNO>
The influence of the hadronic interaction on the pionium wave functions


  The influence of the hadronic \pi\pi interaction on the wave functions of
pionium (the Coulomb bound \pi^+\pi^- system) at distances less than 10 fm is
calculated for s-states with principal quantum numbers n<5. Hadronic \pi\pi
potentials are used that reproduce the scattering phase shifts of two-loop
chiral perturbation theory. The pionium wave functions \psi_n (r) are obtained
by integrating the coupled Schr\"odinger equations for the
(\pi^+\pi^-,\pi^0\pi^0) system. We find that, for r<10 fm, n^{3/2} \psi_n (r)
is practically independent of n. From this we conclude that the production
rates of the s-states of pionium are proportional to n^{-3}, a result needed
for the interpretation of the DIRAC experiment currently running at CERN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72758 </DOCNO>
Breit-Wigner formalism for non-Abelian theories


  The consistent description of resonant transition amplitudes within the
framework of perturbative field theories necessitates the definition and
resummation of off-shell Green's functions, which must respect several crucial
physical requirements. In particular, the generalization of the usual
Breit-Wigner formalism in a non-Abelian context constitutes a highly
non-trivial problem, related to the fact that the conventionally defined
Green's functions are unphysical. We briefly review the main field-theoretical
difficulties arising when attempting to use such Green's functions outside the
confines of a fixed order perturbative calculation, and explain how this task
has been successfully accomplished in the framework of the pinch technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124887 </DOCNO>
Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars.IV


  Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital velocity
variations are presented for the fourth set of ten close binary systems: 44
Boo, FI Boo, V2150 Cyg, V899 Her, EX Leo, VZ Lib, SW Lyn, V2377 Oph, Anon Psc
(GSC 8-324), HT Vir. All systems are double-lined spectroscopic binaries with
only two of them not being contact systems (SW Lyn and GSC 8-324) and with five
(FI Boo, V2150 Cyg, V899 Her, EX Leo, V2377 Oph) being the recent photometric
discoveries of the Hipparcos satellite project. Five of the binaries are
triple-lined systems (44 Boo, V899 Her, VZ Lib, SW Lyn, HT Vir). Three (or
possibly four) companions in the triple-lined systems show radial-velocity
changes during the span of our observations suggesting that these are in fact
quadruple systems. Several of the studied systems are prime candidates for
combined light and radial-velocity synthesis solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81023 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD with a chirally twisted mass term


  Lattice QCD with Wilson quarks and a chirally twisted mass term represents a
promising alternative regularization of QCD, which does not suffer from
unphysical fermion zero modes. We show how the correlation functions of the
renormalized theory are related to the theory with a standard parameterization
of the mass term. In particular we discuss the conditions under which these
relations take the same form as obtained from naive continuum considerations.
We discuss in detail some applications and comment on potential benefits and
problems of this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127888 </DOCNO>
Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei


  Continuum and emission-line variability of active galactic nuclei provides a
powerful probe of microarcsecond scale structures in the central regions of
these sources. In this contribution, we review basic concepts and methodologies
used in analyzing AGN variability. We develop from first principles the basics
of reverberation mapping, and pay special attention to emission-line transfer
functions. We discuss application of cross-correlation analysis to AGN light
curves. Finally, we provide a short review of recent important results in the
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 346 </DOCNO>
Fractional helicity, Lorentz symmetry breaking, compactification and


  We construct the covariant, spinor sets of relativistic wave equations for a
massless field on the basis of the two copies of the R-deformed Heisenberg
algebra. For the finite-dimensional representations of the algebra they give a
universal description of the states with integer and half-integer helicity. The
infinite-dimensional representations correspond formally to the massless states
with fractional (real) helicity. The solutions of the latter type, however,
break down the (3+1)$D$ Poincar\'e invariance to the (2+1)$D$ Poincar\'e
invariance, and via a compactification on a circle a consistent theory for
massive anyons in $D$=2+1 is produced. A general analysis of the ``helicity
equation'' shows that the (3+1)$D$ Poincar\'e group has no massless irreducible
representations with the trivial non-compact part of the little group
constructed on the basis of the infinite-dimensional representations of
$sl(2,\CC)$. This result is in contrast with the massive case where integer and
half-integer spin states can be described on the basis of such representations,
and means, in particular, that the (3+1)$D$ Dirac positive energy covariant
equations have no massless limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74796 </DOCNO>
Interaction of Reggeized Gluons in the Baxter-Sklyanin Representation


  We investigate the Baxter equation for the Heisenberg spin model
corresponding to a generalized BFKL equation describing composite states of n
Reggeized gluons in the multi-color limit of QCD. The Sklyanin approach is used
to find an unitary transformation from the impact parameter representation to
the representation in which the wave function factorizes as a product of Baxter
functions and a pseudo-vacuum state. We show that the solution of the Baxter
equation is a meromorphic function with poles (lambda - i r)^{-(n-1)} (r= 0,
1,...) and that the intercept for the composite Reggeon states is expressed
through the behavior of the Baxter function around the pole at lambda = i . The
absence of pole singularities in the two complex dimensional lambda-plane for
the bilinear combination of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic Baxter functions
leads to the quantization of the integrals of motion because the holomorphic
energy should be the same for all independent Baxter functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129072 </DOCNO>
A young protoplanetary disk in the Bok globule CB26?


  We present sub-arcsecond resolution millimeter-wave images of a circumstellar
disk in the Bok globule CB26. The presence of an edge-on disk is confirmed by
the dust continuum morphology and the velocity field of 13CO emission, which
displays a Keplerian rotation pattern about an axis perpendicular to the long
axis of the dust emission. We deduce a mass ~0.3 Msun for the obscured central
star. The disk is optically thick at mm wavelengths inside 120 AU, has a
symmetric 20 degree warp beyond 120 AU, an outer radius of ~200 AU, and a mass
of at least 0.1 Msun. We suggest that the CB26 system is in an intermediate
stage between deeply embedded protostellar accretion disks and the more
evolved, perhaps protoplanetary, disks around T Tauri stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75577 </DOCNO>
Updates of $W_R$ effects on CP angles determination in B decays


  The recently observed CP violation in B decay and $B$-$\ovar{B}$ mixing data
put constraints on the mass of $W_R$ and the parameters of the right-handed
current quark mixing matrix $V^R$ in $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R\times U(1)$ gauge
model. It is shown that the allowed region of parameters are severely
restricted for light $W_R$ with mass on the order of 1 TeV. There exist sets of
parameters which can accommodate large CP violation as measured by Belle,
$\sin2\phi_1|_{exp}\simeq 1$, for $M_{W_R}=1 \sim 10$ TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129181 </DOCNO>
Active optics control of the VST telescope with the CAN field-bus


  The VST (VLT Survey Telescope) is a 2.6 m class Alt-Az telescope to be
installed at Mount Paranal in the Atacama desert, Chile, in the European
Southern Observatory (ESO) site. The VST is a wide-field imaging facility
planned to supply databases for the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) science and
carry out stand-alone observations in the UV to I spectral range. This paper
will focus on the distributed control system of active optics based on CAN bus
and PIC microcontrollers. Both axial and radial pads of the primary mirror will
be equipped by astatic lever supports controlled by microcontroller units. The
same CAN bus + microcontroller boards approach will be used for the temperature
acquisition modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86615 </DOCNO>
Accelerated sources in de Sitter spacetime and the insufficiency of


  The scalar and electromagnetic fields produced by the geodesic and uniformly
accelerated discrete charges in de Sitter spacetime are constructed by
employing the conformal relation between de Sitter and Minkowski space.
  A special attention is paid to new effects arising in spacetimes which, like
de Sitter space, have spacelike conformal infinities. Under the presence of
particle and event horizons, purely retarded fields (appropriately defined)
become necessarily singular or even cannot be constructed at the "creation
light cones" -- future light cones of the "points" at which the sources "enter"
the universe. We construct smooth (outside the sources) fields involving both
retarded and advanced effects, and analyze the fields in detail in case of (i)
scalar monopoles, (ii) electromagnetic monopoles, and (iii) electromagnetic
rigid and geodesic dipoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7052 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Chiral Disorder in QCD


  I explain the concept that light quarks diffuse in the QCD vacuum following
the spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry. I exploit the striking analogy to
disordered electrons in metals, identifying, among others, the universal regime
described by random matrix theory, diffusive regime described by chiral
perturbation theory and the crossover between these two domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126271 </DOCNO>
Secular interactions between inclined planets and a gaseous disk


  In a planetary system, a secular particle resonance occurs at a location
where the precession rate of a test particle (e.g. an asteroid) matches the
frequency of one of the precessional modes of the planetary system. We
investigate the secular interactions of a system of mutually inclined planets
with a gaseous protostellar disk that may contain a secular nodal particle
resonance. We determine the normal modes of some mutually inclined planet-disk
systems. The planets and disk interact gravitationally, and the disk is
internally subject to the effects of gas pressure, self-gravity, and turbulent
viscosity. The behavior of the disk at a secular resonance is radically
different from that of a particle, owing mainly to the effects of gas pressure.
The resonance is typically broadened by gas pressure to the extent that global
effects, including large-scale warps, dominate. The standard resonant torque
formula is invalid in this regime. Secular interactions cause a decay of the
inclination at a rate that depends on the disk properties, including its mass,
turbulent viscosity, and sound speed. For a Jupiter-mass planet embedded within
a minimum-mass solar nebula having typical parameters, dissipation within the
disk is sufficient to stabilize the system against tilt growth caused by
mean-motion resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125340 </DOCNO>
The T Tauri star RXJ1608.6-3922 - not an eclipsing binary but a spotted


  High-resolution spectroscopy and photometric monitoring of the pre-main
sequence star RXJ1608.6-3922 shows that it is not an eclipsing binary, as
previously claimed. Radial velocity measurements covering suitable time spans
in order to detect a spectroscopic binary with the claimed period of about 7
days have been performed. The scatter of the radial velocity does not exceed
2.4 km/s, defining an upper mass limit of 24 Jupiter masses for any eclipsing
companion orbiting this star with the claimed period. Photometric observations
of RXJ1608.6-3922 in 7 consecutive nights (i.e. as long as the claimed orbital
period) reveal brightness variations of the order of 0.2 mag with a period of
3.6 days. The shape of the detected light curve differs from a light curve of
the star recorded in 1996. The small variations of the radial velocity, the
variable shape of the light curve, as well as (B-V) color variations suggest
that the flux of RXJ 1608.6-3922 is modulated by spots on the stellar surface
with a rotational period of 3.6 days. The stellar activity of this star seems
to be highly variable, taking into account the variable shape of the light
curve, with an amplitude varying from 0.5 to 0.2 mag in a few years, as well as
hints for a variable H$_{\alpha}$ equivalent width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150100 </DOCNO>
Doubly special quantum and statistical mechanics from quantum


  Recently Amelino--Camelia proposed a ``Doubly Special Relativity'' theory
with two observer independent scales (of speed and mass) that could replace the
standard Special Relativity at energies close to the Planck scale. Such a
theory might be a starting point in construction of quantum theory of
space-time. In this paper we investigate the quantum and statistical mechanical
consequences of such a proposal. We construct the generalized Newton--Wigner
operator and find relations between energy/momentum and frequency/wavevector
for position eigenstates of this operator. These relations indicate the
existence of a minimum length scale. Next we analyze the statistical mechanics
of the corresponding systems. We find that depending on the value of a
parameter defining the canonical commutational algebra one has to do either
with system with maximal possible temperature or with the one, which in the
high temperature limit becomes discrete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129235 </DOCNO>
K-band luminosity (mass) segregation in AC118 at z=0.31


  Using new observations of the galaxy cluster A118 at intermediate redshift
(z=0.31) in the Ks band, we were able to detect the cluster from the center to
half the Abell radius (1.5 Mpc, Ho=50 km/s/Mpc) and possibly to 2.0 Mpc. The
analysis of both the spatial distribution of galaxies of various luminosities
and of the luminosity function (LF) of galaxies in different cluster locations
strongly confirms and extends to larger clustercentric radii the luminosity
segregation found in a previous analysis of this cluster restricted to a
smaller cluster area: there is an excess of bright galaxies in the cluster core
(inside 250 Kpc) or a deficit of dwarfs in the remain part of the cluster.
Outside the cluster core and as far as 1.5 or even 2 Mpc, the giant-to-dwarf
ratio is constant. Because of the luminosity segregation, the LF of the AC118
shows a larger number of bright galaxies per unit dwarf in the core than in
other cluster locations. All non-core LFs, computed at several cluster
locations, are compatible each other. These results hold both including or
excluding the galaxies located in an overdensity found in the far South of
AC118 and in the second clump in galaxy density at the cluster North-West.
Since the near-infrared emission is a good tracer of the stellar mass, we
interpret the segregation found as a mass segregation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3809 </DOCNO>
A theory of ferromagnetism in planar heterostructures of (Mn,III)-V


  A density functional theory of ferromagnetism in heterostructures of compound
semiconductors doped with magnetic impurities is presented. The variable
functions in the density functional theory are the charge and spin densities of
the itinerant carriers and the charge and localized spins of the impurities.
The theory is applied to study the Curie temperature of planar heterostructures
of III-V semiconductors doped with manganese atoms. The mean-field,
virtual-crystal and effective-mass approximations are adopted to calculate the
electronic structure, including the spin-orbit interaction, and the magnetic
susceptibilities, leading to the Curie temperature. By means of these results,
we attempt to understand the observed dependence of the Curie temperature of
planar $\delta$-doped ferromagnetic structures on variation of their
properties. We predict a large increase of the Curie Temperature by additional
confinement of the holes in a $\delta$-doped layer of Mn by a quantum well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7286 </DOCNO>
Cellular Automaton Approach to Pedestrian Dynamics - Theory


  We present a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model for the simulation of
pedestrian dynamics. The model is extremely efficient and allows simulations of
large crowds faster than real time since it includes only nearest-neighbour
interactions. Nevertheless it is able to reproduce collective effects and
self-organization encountered in pedestrian dynamics. This is achieved by
introducing a so-called floor field which mediates the long-range interactions
between the pedestrians. This field modifies the transition rates to
neighbouring cells. It has its own dynamics (diffusion and decay) and can be
changed by the motion of the pedestrians. Therefore the model uses an idea
similar to chemotaxis, but with pedestrians following a virtual rather than a
chemical trace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1358 </DOCNO>
Soft modes in two- and eight-direction order-disorder ferroelectrics


  The soft modes in the two- and eight-direction order-disorder ferroelectrics
are calculated under the mean-field approximation. We find that the
conventional method of the pseudospin model to calculate the soft-mode
frequency is incorrect, and present a valid modified method. It is demonstrated
that the conventional method does not show the soft-mode frequency going to
zero at a critical temperature in the presence of random internal fields, while
the frequency calculated by our modified method goes to zero in random fields
at a critical temperature. In the eight-direction ferroelectrics, the soft-mode
frequency decreases to zero at the first-order phase transition temperature
though the symmetry has been destroyed at high temperatures under an external
field. The promotion effect of random fields on the phase transition is
testified by the calculation results of the soft modes in the paraelectric
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95490 </DOCNO>
Spectral Integration and Spectral Theory for non-Archimedean Banach


  The non-Archimedean spectral theory and spectral integration is developed.
The analog of the Stone theorem is proved. Applications are considered for
algebras of operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96670 </DOCNO>
Majorisation with applications to the calculus of variations


  This paper explores some connections between rank one convexity,
multiplicative quasiconvexity and Schur convexity. Theorem 5.1 gives simple
necessary and sufficient conditions for an isotropic objective function to be
rank one convex on the set of matrices with positive determinant. Theorem 6.2
describes a class of possible non-polyconvex but multiplicative quasiconvex
isotropic functions. This class is not contained in a well known theorem of
Ball (6.3 in this paper) which gives sufficient conditions for an isotropic and
objective function to be polyconvex. We show here that there is a new way to
prove directly the quasiconvexity (in the multiplicative form). Relevance of
Schur convexity for the description of rank one convex hulls is explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4743 </DOCNO>
Polaron and Bipolaron Defects in a Charge Density Wave: a Model for


  BaBiO3 is a prototype ``charge ordering system'' forming interpenetrating
sublattices with nominal valence Bi(3+) and Bi(5+). It can also be regarded as
a three-dimensional version of a Peierls insulator, the insulating gap being a
consequence of an ordered distortion of oxygen atoms. When holes are added to
BaBiO3 by doping, it remains insulating until a very large hole concentration
is reached, at which point it becomes superconducting. The mechanism for
insulating behavior of more lightly-doped samples is formation of small
polarons or bipolarons. These are self-organized point defects in the Peierls
order parameter, which trap carriers in bound states inside the Peierls gap. We
calculate properties of the polarons and bipolarons using the Rice-Sneddon
model. Bipolarons are the stable defect; the missing pair of electrons come
from an empty midgap state built from the lower Peierls band. Each bipolaron
distortion also pulls down six localized states below the bottom of the
unoccupied upper Peierls band. The activation energy for bipolaron hopping is
estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123488 </DOCNO>
Correlation of the South Pole 94 data with 100microns and 408 MHz maps


  We present a correlation between the ACME/SP94 CMB anisotropy data at 25 to
45 GHz with the IRAS/DIRBE data and the Haslam 408 MHz data. We find a marginal
correlation between the dust and the Q-band CMB data but none between the CMB
data and the Haslam map. While the amplitude of the correlation with the dust
is larger than that expected from naive models of dust emission it does not
dominate the sky emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149579 </DOCNO>
Classifying N-Extended 1-Dimensional Super Systems


  Talk given at NATO ARW in Kiev (September 2000) "Non-commutative Structures
in Mathematics and Physics".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129538 </DOCNO>
Interpreting The HI Column Density Power Spectrum


  In this paper I investigate what factors -- both observational and physical
-- can change the measured slope of the observed 21cm HI power spectrum. The
following effects can make the observed turbulence appear two dimensional
rather than three dimensional: 1) if the turbulence is contained in a thin
filament or slab; 2) if the medium has a high optical depth; and 3) if any
method of observation or analysis is used which effectively limits the emission
from the medium under study to a thin slab, for example, by analyzing an
individual channel map. Straightforward analysis of data can give misleading or
incomplete results if these effects are not taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123579 </DOCNO>
Microquasars: hard X-ray/gamma-ray emission


  I review some of the basic observational details of jets from X-ray binaries,
or `microquasars'. It is shown that in both (Z and Atoll) NS and BHC systems
radio emission, and therefore jet formation, is correlated with the presence of
hard (30-500 keV) X-ray emission. At gamma-ray (> 500 keV) energies, the
relation is not so clear. Possible physical connections between the presence of
a jet, with a population of relativistic electrons, and the emission of hard
X-rays, are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83908 </DOCNO>
Complex Philosophy


  As science, knowledge, and ideas evolve and are increased and refined, the
branches of philosophy in charge of describing them should also be increased
and refined. In this work we try to expand some ideas as a response to the
recent approach from several sciences to complex systems. Because of their
novelty, some of these ideas might require further refinement and may seem
unfinished, but we need to start with something. Only with their propagation
and feedback from critics they might be improved. We make a brief introduction
to complex systems, for then defining abstraction levels. Abstraction levels
represent simplicities and regularities in nature. We make an ontological
distinction of absolute being and relative being, and then discuss issues on
causality, metaphysics, and determinism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40840 </DOCNO>
A Pixel Vertex Tracker for the TESLA Detector


  In order to fully exploit the physics potential of a e+e- linear collider,
such as TESLA, a Vertex Tracker providing high resolution track reconstruction
is required. Hybrid Silicon pixel sensors are an attractive sensor technology
option due to their read-out speed and radiation hardness, favoured in the high
rate TESLA environment, but have been so far limited by the achievable single
point space resolution. A novel layout of pixel detectors with interleaved
cells to improve their spatial resolution is introduced and the results of the
characterisation of a first set of test structures are discussed. In this note,
a conceptual design of the TESLA Vertex Tracker, based on hybrid pixel sensors
is presented

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148143 </DOCNO>
Test of the Absence of Kinetic Terms around the Tachyon Vacuum in Cubic


  It has been conjectured that the bosonic open string theory around the
non-perturbative tachyon vacuum has no open string dynamics at all. We explore,
in the cubic open string field theory with level truncation approximation, the
possibility that this conjecture is realized by the absence of kinetic terms of
the string field fluctuations. We study the kinetic terms with two and four
derivatives for the lower level scalar modes as well as their BRST
transformation properties. The behavior of the coefficients of the kinetic
terms in the neighborhood of the non-perturbative vacuum supports our
expectation that the BRST invariant scalar component lacks its kinetic term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127497 </DOCNO>
On the relation between the IR continuum and the active galactic nucleus


  A sample of the brightest known Seyfert galaxies from the CfA sample is
analyzed on the basis of ISO photometric and spectroscopic data.
 Regardless of the Seyfert type, the mid-IR continuum emission from these
galaxies is found to be correlated with the coronal line emission arising in
the nuclear active region. Conversely, the correlation degrades progressively
when moving from the mid- to the far-IR emission, where it ends to vanish. It
is concluded that the mid-IR emission is largely dominated by dust heated by
processes associated with the active nucleus whereas the far-IR is a different
component most probably unrelated with the active region. We suggest that the
far-IR component is due to dust heated by the stellar population in the disks
of these galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148435 </DOCNO>
Testing the Uniqueness of the Open Bosonic String Field Theory Vacuum


  The operators K_n are generators of reparameterization symmetries of Witten's
cubic open string field theory. One pertinent question is whether they can be
utilised to generate deformations of the tachyon vacuum and thereby violate its
uniqueness. We use level truncation to show that these transformations on the
vacuum are in fact pure gauge transformations to a very high accuracy, thus
giving new evidence for the uniqueness of the perturbatively stable vacuum.
Equivalently, this result implies the vanishing of some discrete cohomology
classes of the BRST operator in the stable vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97624 </DOCNO>
Some Noncommutative Geometric Aspects of SU_q(2)


  We study various noncommutative geometric aspects of the compact quantum
group SU_q(2) for positive q (not equal to 1), following the suggestion of
Connes and his coauthors [CL, CD] for considering the so-called true Dirac
operator.
  However, it turns out that the method of the above references do not extend
to the case of positive (not equal to 1) values of q in the sense that the true
Dirac operator does not have bounded commutators with "smooth" algebra elements
in this case, in contrast to what happens for complex q of modulus 1.
Nevertheless, we show how to obtain the canonical volume form, i.e. the Haar
state, using the true Dirac operator, and obtain some connections of it with
cyclic cohomology. Furthermore, we briefly study some related and interesting
aspects of the conventional formulation of geometry of SU_q(2), namely the
so-called 3D calculus of Woronowicz [W1].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128985 </DOCNO>
GRS 1915+105


  I summarize recent near-infrared spectroscopy of the microquasar GRS 1915+105
with the ESO/VLT which allowed to (i) identify the donor and (ii) measure the
orbital period and radial velocity amplitude. Assuming that the jet ejections
occur perpendicular to the accretion disk and orbital plane, the mass of the
black hole is determined to M = 14 +- 4 solar masses. I discuss the
implications of this mass determination on (a) the understanding of the
large-amplitude X-ray variability in GRS 1915+105, (b) binary formation
scenarios, and (c) models to explain the stable QPO frequencies in GRS 1915+105
and GRO J1655-40.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83566 </DOCNO>
Quantum Multi-Prover Interactive Proof Systems and Quantum


  This paper gives the first formal treatment of a quantum analogue of
multi-prover interactive proof systems. In quantum multi-prover interactive
proof systems there can be two natural situations: one is with prior
entanglement among provers, and the other does not allow prior entanglement
among provers. This paper focuses on the latter situation and proves that, if
provers do not share any prior entanglement each other, the class of languages
that have quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems is equal to NEXP. It
implies that the quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems without prior
entanglement have no gain to the classical ones. This result can be extended to
the following statement of the cases with prior entanglement: if a language L
has a quantum multi-prover interactive proof system allowing at most
polynomially many prior entangled qubits among provers, L is necessarily in
NEXP. Another interesting result shown in this paper is that, in the case the
prover does not have his private qubits, the class of languages that have
single-prover quantum interactive proof systems is also equal to NEXP. Our
results are also of importance in the sense of giving exact correspondances
between quantum and classical complexity classes, because there have been known
only a few results giving such correspondances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5215 </DOCNO>
A simple model of bank bankruptcies


  Interbank deposits (loans and credits) are quite common in banking system all
over the world. Such interbank co-operation is profitable for banks but it can
also lead to collective financial failures. In this paper we introduce a new
model of directed percolation as a simple representation for contagion process
and mass bankruptcies in banking systems. Directed connections that are
randomly distributed between junctions of bank lattice simulate flows of money
in our model. Critical values of a mean density of interbank connections as
well as static and dynamic scaling laws for the statistic of avalange
bankruptcies are found. Results of computer simulations for the universal
profile of bankruptcies spreading are in a qualitative agreement with the third
wave of bank suspensions during The Great Depression in the USA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75502 </DOCNO>
Quasi Stable Black Holes at LHC


  We adress the production of black holes at LHC and their time evolution in
space times with compactified space like extra dimensions. It is shown that
black holes with life times of at least 100 fm/c will be produced in huge
numbers at LHC. We discuss also the possibility of quasi-stable remnants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179410 </DOCNO>
Resonance and continuum states in weakly bound systems


  Linear response theories in the continuum capable of describing continuum
spectra and dynamical correlations are presented. Our formulation is
essentially the same as the continuum random-phase approximation (RPA) but
suitable for uniform grid representation in the three-dimensional (3D)
Cartesian coordinate assuming no spatial symmetry. Effects of the continuum are
taken into account either by solving equations iteratively with a retarded
Green's function or by an absorbing boundary condition. The methods are applied
to giant resonances in a deformed nucleus 12C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83946 </DOCNO>
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Domestic Policy and South Africa's


  South Africa adopted the GATS Basic Agreement on Telecommunications and the
regulatory principles in 1998. Obligations undertaken by South Africa mirrored
the framework for the gradual telecommunications reform process that was begun
in 1996. In the light of two threatened actions for anti-competitive practices
in violation of the Agreement, this paper reviews the nature of the commitments
undertaken by South Africa and assesses the country's compliance to date. This
paper also seeks to explore the tension that arises between domestic policy
reforms and international trade aspirations. It is argued that the dynamic
produced through this tension affords domestic governments a mechanism with
which to balance the seemingly opposing goals of competition and development.
It is further argued that the broad regulatory principles, adopted by all
signatories and often criticized for lack of precision, facilitate this fine
balancing and affords domestic governments an opportunity to advance sovereign
concerns while pursuing international trade ideals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85664 </DOCNO>
On Ordering of Operators in Canonical Quantization in Curved Space


  Ambiguities arising in different approaches (canonical, quasiclassical, path
integration) to quantization are discussed by an example of the mechanics of a
point-like particle in the Riemannian space (the geodesic dynamics). A way to
select a single rule of quantization is proposed by requirement of a
consistency of the quantum mechanics' following from the canonical and
quasiclassical approaches. This rule selects also a definition of the path
integration. A geometric interpretation of the noncovariance of the canonical
Hamilton operator of a particle with respect to the diffeomorphisms of the
Riemannian configuration space is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72746 </DOCNO>
The p_T Spectrum in Heavy-Flavour Photoproduction


  We consider the transverse-momentum distribution of heavy flavours in
photon-hadron collisions. We present a formalism in which large
transverse-momentum logarithms are resummed to the next-to-leading level, and
mass effects are included exactly up to order alpha_em alpha_s^2, so as to
retain predictivity at both small and large transverse momenta.
Phenomenological applications relevant to charm photoproduction at HERA are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124661 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Stellar Populations


  We summarize the discussion section on ``Evolution of Stellar Populations''
we led on May 27, 2000 in Granada, Spain, as part of the Euroconference on The
Evolution of Galaxies. I- Observational Clues. We also provide a partial
comparison between the present knowledge of these topics and that which existed
at the time of the Crete Conference of 1995.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126667 </DOCNO>
Infrared Surface Brightness Fluctuations of the Coma Elliptical NGC 4874


  We have used the Keck I Telescope to measure K-band surface brightness
fluctuations (SBFs) of NGC 4874, the dominant elliptical galaxy in the Coma
cluster. We use deep HST WFPC2 optical imaging to account for the contamination
due to faint globular clusters and improved analysis techniques to derive
measurements of the SBF apparent magnitude. Using a new SBF calibration which
accounts for the dependence of K-band SBFs on the integrated color of the
stellar population, we measure a distance modulus of 34.99+/-0.21 mag (100+/-10
Mpc) for the Coma cluster. The resulting value of the Hubble constant is 71+/-8
km/s/Mpc, not including any systematic error in the HST Cepheid distance scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148302 </DOCNO>
Graded contractions of Virasoro algebras


  We describe graded contractions of Virasoro algebra. The highest weight
representations of Virasoro algebra are constructed. The reducibility of
representations is analysed. In contrast to standart representations the
contracted ones are reducible except some special cases. Moreover we find an
exotic module with null-plane on fifth level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123917 </DOCNO>
The NACRE Thermonuclear Reaction Compilation and Big Bang


  The theoretical predictions of big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) are dominated
by uncertainties in the input nuclear reaction cross sections. In this paper,
we examine the impact on BBN of the recent compilation of nuclear data and
thermonuclear reactions rates by the NACRE collaboration. We confirm that the
adopted rates do not make large overall changes in central values of
predictions, but do affect the magnitude of the uncertainties in these
predictions. Therefore, we then examine in detail the uncertainties in the
individual reaction rates considered by NACRE. When the error estimates by
NACRE are treated as 1\sigma limits, the resulting BBN error budget is similar
to those of previous tabulations. We propose two new procedures for deriving
reaction rate uncertainties from the nuclear data: one which sets lower limits
to the error, and one which we believe is a reasonable description of the
present error budget. We propagate these uncertainty estimates through the BBN
code, and find that when the nuclear data errors are described most accurately,
the resulting light element uncertainties are notably smaller than in some
previous tabulations, but larger than others. Using these results, we derive
limits on the cosmic baryon-to-photon ratio $\eta$, and compare this to
independent limits on $\eta$ from recent balloon-borne measurements of the
cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). We discuss means to improve the
BBN results via key nuclear reaction measurements and light element
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128238 </DOCNO>
Regularization Tools for Binary Interactions


  We first discuss two-body and chain regularization methods for direct N-body
simulations on HARP-2 and GRAPE-6. The former is used for accurate integration
of perturbed binaries and hierarchies, whereas the latter deals with strong
interactions involving binaries. Combined with a powerful stability criterion
for hierarchical systems, this versatile treatment provides an efficient way of
studying all dynamical processes in globular clusters containing a realistic
population of primordial binaries. These algorithms are also ideal for
modelling a variety of astrophysical effects, such as averaging over Kozai
cycles, tidal circularization, spin-orbit coupling and stellar collisions,
where well-defined elements are used to describe near-singular solutions. We
also describe a new time-transformed leapfrog scheme which has been developed
to deal with black-hole binaries in galactic centres. This formulation is valid
for large mass ratios and dominant two-body motions in a compact subsystem can
be treated accurately in the post-Newtonian approximation. This method has been
combined with the existing regularization algorithms into a new simulation code
NBODY7. Some preliminary results of a test problem illustrating possible
applications are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76609 </DOCNO>
Mesons in Transverse Lattice QCD at Strong Coupling and Large-N


  Mesons in large-N QCD are analysed in light-front coordinates with a
transverse lattice at strong coupling. In this limit, their properties can be
expressed as simple renormalisations of the 't Hooft model results. The
integral eigenvalue equation for the mesons is derived. Spectrum, lightcone
wavefunctions and form factors of various mesons can be numerically calculated
from this equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98837 </DOCNO>
On infinite dimensional grassmannians and their quantum deformations


  An algebraic approach is developed to define and study infinite dimensional
grassmannians. Using this approach a quantum deformation is obtained for both
the ind-variety union of all finite dimensional grassmannians, and the Sato
grassmannian introduced by Sato. They are both quantized as homogeneous spaces,
that is together with a coaction of a quantum infinite dimensional group. At
the end, an infinite dimensional version of the first theorem of invariant
theory is discussed for both the infinite dimensional special linear group and
its quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114099 </DOCNO>
Low-energy direct muon transfer from H to Ne$^{10+}$, S$^{16+}$ and


  We perform three-body calculation of direct muon-transfer rates from
thermalized muonic hydrogen isotopes to bare nuclei Ne$^{10+}$, S$^{16+}$, and
Ar$^{18+}$ employing integro-differential Faddeev-Hahn-type equations in
configuration space with two-state close-coupling approximation scheme. All
Coulomb potentials including the strong final-state Coulomb repulsion are
treated exactly. A long-range polarization potential is included in the elastic
channel to take into account the high polarizability of the muonic hydrogen.
The transfer rates so calculated are in good agreement with recent experiments.
We find that the muon is captured predominantly in the $n=6$, 9, and 10 states
of muonic Ne$^{10+}$, S$^{16+}$, and Ar$^{18+}$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 456 </DOCNO>
An investigation of the quantum $J_1-J_2-J_3$ model on the honeycomb


  We have investigated the quantum $J_1-J_2-J_3$ model on the honeycomb lattice
with exact diagonalizations and linear spin-wave calculations for selected
values of $J_{2}/J_{1}$, $J_{3}/J_{1}$ and antiferromagnetic ($J_{1}>0$) or
ferromagnetic ($J_{1}<0$) nearest neighbor interactions. We found a variety of
quantum effects: "order by disorder" selection of a N{\'e}el ordered
ground-state, good candidates for non-classical ground-states with dimer long
range order or spin-liquid like. The purely antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model
is confirmed to be N{\'e}el ordered. Comparing these results with those
observed on the square and triangular lattices, we enumerate some conjectures
on the nature of the quantum phases in the isotropic models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148776 </DOCNO>
Multiple-Trace Operators and Non-Local String Theories


  We propose that a novel deformation of string perturbation theory, involving
non-local interactions between strings, is required to describe the gravity
duals of field theories deformed by multiple-trace operators. The new
perturbative expansion involves a new parameter, which is neither the string
coupling nor the coefficient of a vertex operator on the worldsheet. We explore
some of the properties of this deformation, focusing on a special case where
the deformation in the field theory is exactly marginal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149361 </DOCNO>
String Theory on AdS_3/Z_N


  We study string theory on singular Z_N quotients of AdS_3, corresponding to
spaces with conical defects. The spectrum is computed using the orbifold
procedure. It is shown that spectral flow may be used to generate the twisted
sectors. We further compute the thermal partition function and show that it
correctly reproduces the spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128753 </DOCNO>
Carbon Star Dust from Meteorites


  Inside carbonaceous chondrite meteorites are tiny dust particles which, when
heated, release noble gases with an isotopic composition different from what is
found anywhere else in the solar system. For this reason it is believed that
these grains are (inter)stellar dust which survived the collapse of the
interstellar cloud that became the solar system. We will describe here why we
believe that the most abundant of these grains, nano-diamonds, were formed in
the atmospheres of carbon stars, and explain how this theory can be tested
observationally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1446 </DOCNO>
Accurate Calculations of the Peierls Stress in Small Periodic Cells


  The Peierls stress for a [111]-screw dislocation in bcc Tantalum is
calculated using an embedded atom potential. More importantly, a method is
presented which allows accurate calculations of the Peierls stress in the
smallest periodic cells. This method can be easily applied to ab initio
calculations, where only the smallest unit cells capable of containing a
dislocation can be conviently used. The calculation specifically focuses on the
case where the maximum resolved shear stress is along a {110}-plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125220 </DOCNO>
The pair-wise velocity dispersion of galaxies: effects of non radial


  I discuss the effect of non-radial motions on the small-scale pairwise
peculiar velocity dispersions of galaxies (PVD) in a CDM model. I calculate the
PVD for the SCDM model by means of the refined cosmic virial theorem (CVT)
(Suto & Jing 1997) and taking account of non-radial motions by means of Del
Popolo & Gambera (1998) model. I compare the results of the present model with
the data from Davis & Peebles (1983), the IRAS value at 1 h{-1} Mpc of Fisher
et al. (1993) and Marzke et al. (1995). I show that while the SCDM model
disagrees with the observed values, as pointed out by several authors (Peebles
1976, 1980; Davis & Peebles 1983; Mo et. al 1993; Jing et al. 1998), taking
account of non-radial motions produce smaller values for the PVD. At r <=1
h^{-1} Mpc the result is in agreement with Bartlett & Blanchard (1996)
(hereafter BB96). At the light of this last paper, the result may be also read
as a strong dependence of the CVT prediction on the model chosen to describe
the mass distribution around galaxies, suggesting that the CVT cannot be taken
as a direct evidence of a low density universe. Similarly to what shown in Del
Popolo & Gambera (1999, 2000) (hereafter DG99, DG00), Del Popolo et al. (1999),
the agreement of our model to the observational data is due to a scale
dependent bias induced by the presence of non-radial motions. Since the
assumptions on which CVT is based have been questioned by several authors
(BB96; SJ97), I also calculated the PVD using the redshift distortion in the
redshift-space correlation function, \xi_z(r_p,\pi), and I compared it with the
PVD measured from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey by J98. The result confirms
that non-radial motions influence the PVD making them better agree with
observed data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41100 </DOCNO>
Search for exotic physics with four-fermion coupling at LEP


  Preliminary results of measurements of fermion-pair production at LEP2 are
used to derive limits on new physics phenomena. Combinations of the cross
sections and asymmetrie of the 4 LEP collaborations are interpreted in terms
four-fermion contact interactions, exchange of Z' and leptoquarks. Results on
the search for extra dimensions are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 570 </DOCNO>
Particle currents and the distribution of terrace sizes in unstable


  A solid-on-solid model of epitaxial growth in 1+1 dimensions is investigated
in which slope dependent upward and downward particle currents compete on the
surface. The microscopic mechanisms which give rise to these currents are the
smoothening incorporation of particles upon deposition and an Ehrlich-Schwoebel
barrier which hinders inter-layer transport at step edges. We calculate the
distribution of terrace sizes and the resulting currents on a stepped surface
with a given inclination angle. The cancellation of the competing effects leads
to the selection of a stable magic slope. Simulation results are in very good
agreement with the theoretical findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97265 </DOCNO>
On hidden Markov chains and finite stochastic systems


  In this paper we study various properties of finite stochastic systems or
hidden Markov chains as they are alternatively called. We discuss their
construction following different approaches and we also derive recursive
filtering formulas for the different systems that we consider. The key tool is
a simple lemma on conditional expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96597 </DOCNO>
Quivers, desingularizations and canonical bases


  A class of desingularizations for orbit closures of representations of Dynkin
quivers is constructed, which can be viewed as a graded analogue of the
Springer resolution. A stratification of the singular fibres is introduced; its
geometry and combinatorics are studied. Via the Hall algebra approach, these
constructions relate to bases of quantized enveloping algebras. Using
Ginzburg's theory of convolution algebras, the base change coefficients of
Lusztig's canonical basis are expressed as decomposition numbers of certain
convolution algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 393 </DOCNO>
Dynamic electrorheological effects and interparticle force between a


  We consider a two-particle system in which a particle is held fixed, and the
other one rotates around the axis perpendicular to the line joining the
particles centers. The rotating particle leads to a displacement of its
polarization charge on the surface. Our results show that the rotational motion
of the particles generally reduces the force between the particles. The
dependence of interparticle force on the angular velocity of rotation will be
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86826 </DOCNO>
Time inversion, Self-similar evolution, and Issue of time


  We investigate the question, "how does time flow?" and show that time may
change by inversions as well. We discuss its implications to a simple class of
linear systems. Instead of introducing any unphysical behaviour, inversions can
lead to a new multi- time scale evolutionary path for the linear system
exhibiting late time stochastic fluctuations. We explain how stochastic
behaviour is injected into the linear system as a combined effect of an
uncertainty in the definition of inversion and the irrationality of the golden
mean number. We also give an ansatz for the nonlinear stochastic behaviour of
(fractal) time which facilitates us to estimate the late and short time limits
of a two-time correlation function relevant for the stochastic fluctuations in
linear systems. These fluctuations are shown to enjoy generic 1/f spectrum. The
implicit functional definition of the fractal time is shown to satisfy the
differential equation dx=dt. We also discuss the relevance of intrinsic time in
the present formalism, study of which is motivated by the issue of time in
quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97079 </DOCNO>
A counterexample to the smoothness of the solution to an equation


  We analyze the equation coming from the Eulerian-Lagrangian description of
fluids. We discuss a couple of ways to extend this notion to viscous fluids.
The main focus of this paper is to discuss the first way, due to Constantin. We
show that this description can only work for short times, after which the
``back to coordinates map'' may have no smooth inverse. Then we briefly discuss
a second way that uses Brownian motion. We use this to provide a plausibility
argument for the global regularity for the Navier-Stokes equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86905 </DOCNO>
Inflation is not past-eternal


  Many inflating spacetimes are likely to violate the weak energy condition, a
key assumption of singularity theorems. Here we offer a simple kinematical
argument, without assuming any energy condition, that a cosmological model that
is inflating -- or just expanding sufficiently fast -- must be incomplete in
null and timelike past directions. Specifically, we obtain a bound on the
integral of the Hubble parameter over a past-directed timelike or null
geodesic. Thus inflationary models require physics other than inflation to
describe the past boundary of the inflating region of spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150143 </DOCNO>
Can one restore Lorentz invariance in quantum N=2 string?


  We consider quantum N=2 string embedded into the N=4 topological framework
from the perspective of the old covariant quantisation. Making use of the
causality and cyclic symmetry of tree amplitudes we argue that no Lorentz
covariant boson emission vertex can be constructed within the N=4 topological
formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1728 </DOCNO>
Probing the p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x/Ge/p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x quantum well by means of


  We have measured the temperature (0.1 < T < 15 K) and magnetic field (0 < B <
32 T) dependences of longitudinal and Hall resistivities for the
p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x/Ge, x=~0.07, multilayers with different Ge layer widths 10 < d_w
< 38 nm and hole densities p_s = (1-5)x10^{15} m^{-2}. An extremely high
sensitivity of the experimental data [the structure of magnetoresistance
traces, relative values of the inter-Landau-level (LL) gaps deduced from the
activated magnetotransport etc] to the quantum well (QW) characteristics has
been revealed in the cases when the Fermi level reaches the second confinement
subband. The background density of states (5-10)x10^{14} m^{-2}meV^{-1} deduced
from the activation behavior of the magnetoresistance is too high to be
attributed to the LL tails, but may be accounted for within a smooth random
potential model. The hole gas in the Ge QW has been found to separate into two
sublayers for d_w > ~35 nm and p_s = ~5x10^{15} m^{-2}. A dramatic indication
to this separation is the disappearance of the quantum Hall (QH) plateau for
the filling factor nu = 1 as calculated for the whole Ge layer. Concomitantly a
positive magnetoresistance emerges in the weakest fields, from which about a
factor of two different mobilities in the sublayers have been deduced. A model
is suggested to explain the existence of the QH plateaux close to the
fundamental values in a system of two parallel layers with different
mobilities. A comparison of the simulated structure of the QH
magnetoresistivity with the experimental one indicates that the hole densities
in the sublayers are not much different. Thus, the different mobilities are due
to different quality of the normal and inverted interfaces of the Ge QW.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1629 </DOCNO>
Why high Tc is exciting


  This piece has been written for local, educational purposes. If you are like
me searching for the right words to explain your fascination with high Tc
superconductivity to the outside world, you might find something useful in this
text.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98568 </DOCNO>
Exchange relations of Level-two vertex operators of $U_q(\hat{sl_2})$


  We calculate the exchange relations of vertex operators of $U_q(\hat{sl_2})$
at level-two from its bosonic realization. The corresponding invertibility
relation of type I vertex operators is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73745 </DOCNO>
Charge Fluctuations at Disoriented Chiral Transition


  The signatures of the creation of a disoriented chiral condensate in
heavy-ion collisions are studied in the Ginzburg-Landau description of chiral
phase transition. Scaling properties are found that characterize the
fluctuations of charged particles. There exists also an explicitly calculable
measure that can directly be measured. Experimental procedures needed to find
the signatures are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98039 </DOCNO>
Open-String Gromov-Witten Invariants: Calculations and a Mirror


  We propose localization techniques for computing Gromov-Witten invariants of
maps from Riemann surfaces with boundaries into a Calabi-Yau, with the
boundaries mapped to a Lagrangian submanifold. The computations can be
expressed in terms of Gromov-Witten invariants of one-pointed maps. In genus
zero, an equivariant version of the mirror theorem allows us to write down a
hypergeometric series, which together with a mirror map allows one to compute
the invariants to all orders, similar to the closed string model or the physics
approach via mirror symmetry. In the noncompact example where the Calabi-Yau is
$K_{\PP^2},$ our results agree with physics predictions at genus zero obtained
using mirror symmetry for open strings. At higher genera, our results satisfy
strong integrality checks conjectured from physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74540 </DOCNO>
Odderon in QCD


  A review on how the Odderon idea does appear in QCD is given. In the last
years it has been developed a non-perturbative QCD approach based on the
stochastic vacuum model and a perturbative one based on resummation techniques
in the small x QCD region. Last developments on the perturbative analysis are
shown in some details, in particular in application to diffractive eta_c
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123760 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Observations of Cygnus A and Pictor A


  We describe observations of the two nearest, powerful radio galaxies with the
Chandra X-ray Observatory: Cygnus A (z = 0.0562) and Pictor A (z = 0.035).
Since the early results from these observations are published elsewhere
(Wilson, Young & Shopbell 2000, 2001), we here confine ourselves to a summary
of the main conclusions and a few remarks about other aspects of the results on
Cygnus A, which will be amplified in a future paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113575 </DOCNO>
Virtual Replica of Matter in Bivacuum & Possible Mechanism of Distant


  The coherent physical theory of psi phenomena, like remote vision, telepathy,
telekinesis, clairvoyance is absent till now due to its high comlexity and
multilateral character. The original mechanism of Bivacuum mediated
Mind-Matter, Mind-Mind interaction and other psi effects, proposed here, is
based on the following stages of my long term efforts: -New models of Bivacuum,
sub-elementary particles and corpuscle-wave [C-W] duality; -New Hierarchic
theory of liquids and solids; -New Hierarchic model of elementary act of
consciousness; -Virtual replica (VR) of matter, including living organisms, in
Bivacuum. The distant resonant [Mind-Bivacuum-Matter] and [Mind-Bivacuum-Mind]
interaction, mediated by Bivacuum symmetry oscillation (BvSO), is accompanied
by modulation of virtual particles/antiparticles pressure waves. The latter
factor is related to modulation by 'sender (S)' the virtual replica (VR) of
'receiver (R)', representing standing virtual pressure waves (VPW). The
effectiveness of [R-S] interaction and nonlocal entalgement is bigger, if the
modulation frequencies and other properties of (S) and (R) are closer. The
'sender (S)': living organism in private case, may influence the properties of
VR in following manner: 1) modulating the frequency/amplitude/phase of VPW by
thermal molecular dynamics, radiating vibro-gravitational waves. This factor is
dependent on fraction of coherent particles in system; 2) shifting the
resonance conditions of [matter - bivacuum] exchange interaction, depending on
frequency of [C-W] pulsation of elementary particles of (S); 3) changing
bivacuum symmetry shift, resulting from difference between virtual energy
densities of VR in positive and negative realms of Bivacuum; 4) changing a sum
of virtual energy density of positive and negative realms of Bivacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 332 </DOCNO>
Effective average action in statistical physics and quantum field theory


  An exact renormalization group equation describes the dependence of the free
energy on an infrared cutoff for the quantum or thermal fluctuations. It
interpolates between the microphysical laws and the complex macroscopic
phenomena. We present a simple unified description of critical phenomena for
O(N)-symmetric scalar models in two, three or four dimensions, including
essential scaling for the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81410 </DOCNO>
Weak matrix elements for CP violation


  We present preliminary results of matrix elements of four-fermion operators
relevant to the determination of e and e'/e using staggered fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113652 </DOCNO>
Geometric and Statistical Properties of the Mean-Field HP Model, the LS


  Lattice models, for their coarse-grained nature, are best suited for the
study of the ``designability problem'', the phenomenon in which most of the
about 16,000 proteins of known structure have their native conformations
concentrated in a relatively small number of about 500 topological classes of
conformations. Here it is shown that on a lattice the most highly designable
simulated protein structures are those that have the largest number of
surface-core switchbacks. A combination of physical, mathematical and
biological reasons that causes the phenomenon is given. By comparing the most
foldable model peptides with protein sequences in the Protein Data Bank, it is
shown that whereas different models may yield similar designabilities,
predicted foldable peptides will simulate natural proteins only when the model
incorporates the correct physics and biology, in this case if the main folding
force arises from the differing hydrophobicity of the residues, but does not
originate, say, from the steric hindrance effect caused by the differing sizes
of the residues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126240 </DOCNO>
Classical and quantum quintessence cosmology


  This paper implements the idea of considering the instantonic creation of
brane worlds whose five-dimensional bulk contains a negative cosmological
constant and a scalar quintessence field with time-dependent equation of state,
restricting to the case that the quintessence field couples minimally to
Hilbert-Einstein gravity. We construct an Euclidean formalism, both for the
four- and five-dimensional cases, singling out a Hamiltonian constraint that
depends on the parameter defining the quintessence state equation. Specializing
at several particular values of that parameter, we obtain solutions to the
constraint equation and analyse them both classically and quantum mechanically.
It is found that these solutions can represent either asymptotically anti-de
Sitter wormholes or pure anti-de Sitter spaces whose quantum states are
obtained by means of the Wheeler de Witt equation. Starting with the different
five-dimensional solutions, an instantonic procedure is applied to describe the
creation of geometrically equivalent inflating de Sitter branes whose quantum
states are also evaluated in some cases. We thus consider the quantum state of
the universe to be contributed by all the instantonic paths that correspond to
these particular brane worlds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86287 </DOCNO>
Simplified models of electromagnetic and gravitational radiation damping


  In previous work the authors analysed the global properties of an approximate
model of radiation damping for charged particles. This work is put into context
and related to the original motivation of understanding approximations used in
the study of gravitational radiation damping. It is examined to what extent the
results obtained previously depend on the particular model chosen. Comparisons
are made with other models for gravitational and electromagnetic fields. The
relation of the kinetic model for which theorems were proved to certain
many-particle models with radiation damping is exhibited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3893 </DOCNO>
The Superconducting Gap in MgB_2: Electronic Raman Scattering


  Polarisation-resolved Raman scattering measurements were performed on MgB_2
single crystals to determine the magnitude, symmetry and temperature dependence
of the superconducting gap. A single sharp peak due to Cooper pair breaking
appears in the electronic continuum below Tc, reaching an average maximum Raman
shift of 105 +/- 1 cm^{-1} (2 Delta(0) / k_{B}Tc = 3.96 +/- 0.09) and showing
up to 5 cm^{-1} anisotropy between polarised and depolarised spectra. The
temperature dependence of 2 Delta follows that predicted from BCS theory, while
the anisotropy decreases with decreasing temperature. It is concluded that the
Raman results are consistent with a slightly anisotropic s-wave gap in a
conventional BCS superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179080 </DOCNO>
Relativistic mean field approximation to the analysis of 16O(e,e'p)15N


  We use the relativistic distorted wave impulse approximation to analyze data
on 16O(e,e'p)15N at |Q^2|\leq 0.4 (GeV/c)^2 that were obtained by different
groups and seemed controversial. Results for differential cross-sections,
response functions and A_TL asymmetry are discussed and compared to different
sets of experimental data for proton knockout from p_{1/2} and p_{3/2} shells
in 16O. We compare with a nonrelativistic approach to better identify
relativistic effects. The present relativistic approach is found to accommodate
most of the discrepancy between data from different groups, smoothing a long
standing controversy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148439 </DOCNO>
The Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Taub-Bolt-AdS Spacetimes


  We consider the conformal field theory which is dual to the Taub-Bolt-AdS
spacetime. It is shown that the Cardy-Verlinde formula for the entropy of the
conformal field theory agrees precisely with the entropy of the Taub-Bolt-AdS
spacetime, at high temperatures. This result may be viewed as providing a
conformal field theory interpretation of Taub-Bolt-AdS entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148368 </DOCNO>
Normalization Factors, Reflection Amplitudes and Integrable Systems


  We calculate normalization factors and reflection amplitudes in the
W-invariant conformal quantum field theories. Using these CFT data we derive
vacuum expectation values of exponential fields in affine Toda theories and
related perturbed conformal field theories. We apply these results to evaluate
explicitly the expectation values of order parameters in the field theories
associated with statistical systems, like XY, Z_n-Ising and Ashkin-Teller
models. The same results are used for the calculation of the asymptotics of
cylindrically symmetric solutions of the classical Toda equations which appear
in topological field theories. The integrable boundary Toda theories are
considered. We derive boundary reflection amplitudes in non-affine case and
boundary one point functions in affine Toda theories. The boundary ground state
energies are cojectured. In the last section we describe the duality properties
and calculate the reflection amplitudes in integrable deformed Toda theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6037 </DOCNO>
Interaction between Kondo impurities in a quantum corral


  We calculate the spectral densities for two impurities inside an elliptical
quantum corral using exact diagonalization in the relevant Hilbert subspace and
embedding into the rest of the system. For one impurity, the space and energy
dependence of the change in differential conductance $\Delta = dI/dV$ observed
in the quantum mirage experiment is reproduced. In presence of another
impurity, $\Delta = dI/dV$ is very sensitive to the hybridization between
impurity and bulk. The impurities are correlated ferromagnetically between
them. A hopping $\gtrsim 0.15$ eV between impurities destroy the Kondo
resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98635 </DOCNO>
Seiberg-Witten invariants and surface singularities


  We formulate a very general conjecture relating the analytical invariants of
a normal surface singularity to the Seiberg-Witten invariants of its link
provided that the link is a rational homology sphere. First we define in a
topological way a ``canonical'' $spin^c$ structure of the link. The first part
of the conjecture provides a topological upper bound (expressed in terms of the
Seiberg-Witten invariant of the ``canonical'' $spin^c$ structure) for the
geometric genus of the singularity. The second part states that for rational
and for Gorenstein singularities this upper bound is optimal; in particular, it
gives a topological description of the geometric genus in terms of the link for
these singularities. Finally, for a smoothing of a Gorenstein singularity, the
last part gives a topological characterization of some smoothing invariants,
like the signature and the Euler characteristic of the Milnor fiber.
  As supporting evidence for this conjecture, we establish its validity for a
large class of singularities: some rational and minimally elliptic (including
the cyclic quotient and ``polygonal'') singularities, and Brieskorn-Hamm
complete intersections.
  These results extend previous work of Artin, Laufer and S. S.-T. Yau,
respectively of Fintushel-Stern and Neumann-Wahl.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2492 </DOCNO>
Subdiffusion-limited reactions


  We consider the coagulation dynamics A+A -> A and A+A <-> A and the
annihilation dynamics A+A -> 0 for particles moving subdiffusively in one
dimension. This scenario combines the "anomalous kinetics" and "anomalous
diffusion" problems, each of which leads to interesting dynamics separately and
to even more interesting dynamics in combination. Our analysis is based on the
fractional diffusion equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5117 </DOCNO>
The Net Spin Model


  We study a set of exactly soluble spin models in one and two dimensions for
any spin $S$. Its ground state, the excitation spectrum, quantum phase
transition points, as well as dimensional crossover are determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76418 </DOCNO>
Multi-phases in gauge theories on non-simply connected spaces


  It is pointed out that phase structures of gauge theories compactified on
non-simply connected spaces are not trivial. As a demonstration, an SU(2) gauge
model on $M^3\otimes S^1$ is studied and is shown to possess three phases:
Hosotani, Higgs and coexisting phases. The critical radius and the order of the
phase transitions are explicitly determined. A general discussion about phase
structures for small and large scales of compactified spaces is given. The
appearance of phase transitions suggests a GUT scenario in which the gauge
hierarchy problem is replaced by a dynamical problem of how to stabilize a
radius of a compactified space in close vicinity to a critical radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124509 </DOCNO>
The Host Galaxy and Optical Light Curve of the Gamma-Ray Burst GRB


  We present deep HST/STIS and ground-based photometry of the host galaxy of
the gamma-ray burst GRB 980703 taken 17, 551, 710, and 716 days after the
burst. We find that the host is a blue, slightly over-luminous galaxy with
V_gal = 23.00 +/- 0.10, (V-R)_gal = 0.43 +/- 0.13, and a centre that is
approximately 0.2 mag bluer than the outer regions of the galaxy. The galaxy
has a star-formation rate of 8-13 M_sun/yr, assuming no extinction in the host.
We find that the galaxy is best fit by a Sersic R^(1/n) profile with n ~= 1.0
and a half-light radius of 0.13 arcsec (= 0.72/h_100 proper kpc). This
corresponds to an exponential disk with a scale radius of 0.22 arcsec (=
1.21/h_100 proper kpc). Subtracting a fit with elliptical isophotes leaves
large residuals, which suggests that the host galaxy has a somewhat irregular
morphology, but we are unable to connect the location of GRB 980703 with any
special features in the host. The host galaxy appears to be a typical example
of a compact star forming galaxy similar to those found in the Hubble Deep
Field North. The R-band light curve of the optical afterglow associated with
this gamma-ray burst is consistent with a single power-law decay having a slope
of alpha = -1.37 +/- 0.14. Due to the bright underlying host galaxy the late
time properties of the light-curve are very poorly constrained. The decay of
the optical light curve is consistent with a contribution from an underlying
Type Ic supernova like SN1998bw, or a dust echo, but such contributions cannot
be securely established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114046 </DOCNO>
Electric fields of a uniformly charged elliptical beam


  This paper presents results for the electric field due to a uniformly charged
elliptical beam in the region outside the beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74613 </DOCNO>
Rare $B\to K^{*}\nu\bar{\nu}$ decay with polarized $K^{*}$ in the fourth


  The rare $B\to K^{*}\nu\bar{\nu}$ decay when $K^{*}$ meson is longitudinally
or transversely polarized is analysed in the context of the fourth generation
model. A significant enhancement to the missing energy spectrum over the SM is
recorded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5662 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Casher-Effect Suppression of Macroscopic Tunneling of Magnetic


  We suggest a system in which the amplitude of macroscopic flux tunneling can
be modulated via the Aharonov-Casher effect. The system is an rf-SQUID with the
Josephson junction replaced by a Bloch transistor -- two junctions separated by
a small superconducting island on which the charge can be induced by an
external gate voltage. When the Josephson coupling energies of the junctions
are equal and the induced charge is q=e, destructive interference between
tunneling paths brings the flux tunneling rate to zero. The device may also be
useful as a qubit for quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40748 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of Inclusive Light-Hadron Production


  We summarize the key results of a recent global analysis of inclusive
single-charged-hadron production in high-energy colliding-beam experiments. In
the framework of the parton model of quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading
order (NLO), fragmentation functions (FFs) for charged pions, charged kaons,
and (anti) protons are extracted from experimental data of e^+e^- annihilation
at the Z-boson resonance and at centre-of-mass energy root(s) = 29 GeV. This
fit also yields a new NLO value for the strong-coupling constant, namely
alpha_s^(5)(M_Z) = 0.1170 +- 0.0073. The scaling violations encoded in the FFs
through the Altarelli-Parisi evolution equations are tested by confronting
(e^+e^-)-annihilation data from DESY DORIS, DESY PETRA, and CERN LEP2 with NLO
predictions based on these FFs. Comparisons of p p-bar data from CERN S p p-bar
S and the Fermilab Tevatron, gamma p data from DESY HERA, and gamma gamma data
from LEP2 with the corresponding NLO predictions allow us to test the
universality of the FFs predicted by the factorization theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4639 </DOCNO>
Spectral measurement of the Hall angle response in normal state cuprate


  We measure the temperature and frequency dependence of the complex Hall angle
for normal state YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ films from DC to far-infrared frequencies
(20-250 cm-1) with a new modulated polarization technique. We determine that
the functional dependence of the Hall angle on scattering does not fit the
expected Lorentzian response. We find spectral evidence consistent with an
unconventional {\em square} Lorentzian relation for the Hall angle, implying a
functional dependence $cot(\theta_H) \sim {\Gamma_H}^2$ with $\Gamma_H(T)$
linear in $T$. Such a relation suggests that a single relaxation rate, linear
in temperature, governs transport in the cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98487 </DOCNO>
Self-Dual Symmetric Polynomials and Conformal Partitions


  A conformal partition function ${\cal P}_n^m(s)$, which arose in the theory
of Diophantine equations supplemented with additional restrictions, is
concerned with {\it self-dual symmetric polynomials} -- reciprocal ${\sf
R}^{\{m\}}_ {S_n}$ and skew-reciprocal ${\sf S}^{\{m\}}_{S_n}$ algebraic
polynomials based on the polynomial invariants of the symmetric group $S_n$.
These polynomials form an infinite commutative semigroup. Real solutions
$\lambda_n(x_i)$ of corresponding algebraic Eqns have many important
properties: homogeneity of 1-st order, duality upon the action of the conformal
group ${\sf W}$, inverting both function $\lambda_n$ and the variables $x_i$,
compatibility with trivial solution, {\it etc}. Making use of the relationship
between Gaussian generating function for conformal partitions and Molien
generating function for usual restricted partitions we derived the analytic
expressions for ${\cal P}_n^m(s)$. The unimodality indices for the reciprocal
and skew-reciprocal equations were found. The existence of algebraic functions
$\lambda_n(x_i)$ invariant upon the action of both the finite group $G\subset
S_n$ and conformal group ${\sf W}$ is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72433 </DOCNO>
Anapole Moment and Other Constraints on the Strangeness Conserving


  Standard analyses of low-energy NN and nuclear parity-violating observables
have been based on a pi-, rho-, and omega-exchange model capable of describing
all five independent s-p partial waves. Here a parallel analysis is performed
for the one-body, exchange-current, and nuclear polarization contributions to
the anapole moments of 133Cs and 205Tl. The resulting constraints are not
consistent, though there remains some degree of uncertainty in the nuclear
structure analysis of the atomic moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98353 </DOCNO>
On equations defining coincident root loci


  We study the problem of specifying algebraic conditions on the coefficients
of a binary form, so that it may have roots with preassigned multiplicities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85726 </DOCNO>
Fresh inflation: a warm inflationary model from a zero temperature


  A two-components mixture fluid which complies with the gamma law is
considered in the framework of inflation with finite temperature. The model is
developed for a quartic scalar potential without symmetry breaking. The
radiation energy density is assumed to be zero when inflation starts and
remains below the GUT temperature during the inflationary stage. Furthermore,
provides the necessary number of e-folds and sufficient radiation energy
density to GUT baryogenesis can take place near the minimum energetic
configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98884 </DOCNO>
Weil-Petersson Completion of Teichmueller Spaces and Mapping Class Group


  Given a surface of higher genus, we will look at the Weil-Petersson
completion of the Teichmuller space of the surface, and will study the
isometric action of the mapping class group on it. The main observation is that
the geometric characteristics of the setting bear strong similarities to the
ones in semi-simple Lie group actions on noncompact symmetric spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95559 </DOCNO>
Wreath Products in the Unit Group of Modular Group Algebras of 2-groups


  We study the unit group of the modular group algebra KG, where G is a 2-group
of maximal class. We prove that the unit group of KG possesses a section
isomorphic to the wreath product of a group of order two with the commutator
subgroup of the group G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149198 </DOCNO>
De Sitter Entropy and Strings


  We show that the entropy of de Sitter space in any dimension can be
understood as the entropy of a highly excited string located near the horizon.
The string tension is renormalized to $T \sim \Lambda$ due to the large
gravitational redshift near the horizon. The de Sitter temperature is given by
the Hagedorn temperature of the string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86624 </DOCNO>
Space-time quantum solves three experimental paradoxes


  I show that a Planck-scale deformation of the relativistic dispersion
relation, which has been independently considered in the quantum-gravity
literature, can explain the surprising results of three classes of experiments:
(1) observations of cosmic rays above the expected GZK limit, (2) observations
of multi-TeV photons from the BL Lac object Markarian 501, (3) studies of the
longitudinal development of the air showers produced by ultra-high-energy
hadronic particles. Experiments now in preparation, such as the ones planned
for the GLAST space telescope, will provide an independent test of this
solution of the three experimental paradoxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98697 </DOCNO>
Any smooth plane quartic can be reconstructed from its bitangents


  In this paper, we present two related results on curves of genus 3. The first
gives a bijection between the classes of the following objects * Smooth
non-hyperelliptic curves C of genus 3, with a choice of a non-zero element in
Jac(C)[2], up to isomorphism.
  * Smooth curves E,Q->P^2, where E,Q are of degrees 3,2 respectively, and an
element in Pic(E)[2]. Up to projective transformations.
  We also give an interpretation of this bijection in terms of Abelian
varieties. Next, we give an application of this correspondence: An explicit
proof of the reconstrcutability of ANY smooth plane quartic from its
bitangents. This improves on the main result of AG/0008239. Explicit formulas
are given for all the constructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3988 </DOCNO>
Effective theory of incompressible quantum Hall liquid crystals


  I propose an effective theory of zero-temperature phases of the quantum Hall
stipes: a smectic phase where the stripes are static and a novel quantum
nematic phase where the positional order is destroyed by quantum fluctuations.
The nematic is viewed as a Bose condensate of dislocations whose interactions
are mediated by a U(1) gauge field. Collective mode spectrum and the dynamical
structure factor in the two phases are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125017 </DOCNO>
Testing Comptonisation models using BeppoSAX observations of Seyfert 1


  We have used realistic Comptonization models to fit high quality BeppoSAX
data of 6 Seyfert galaxies. Our main effort was to adopt a Comptonization model
taking into account the anisotropy of the soft photon field. The most important
consequence is a reduction of the first scattering order, which produces a
break (the so-called anisotropy break) in the outgoing spectra. The physical
parameters of the hot corona (i.e. the temperature and optical depth) obtained
fitting this class of models to broad band X-ray spectra are substantially
different from those derived fitting the same data with the power law + cut-off
model commonly used in the literature. In particular, our best fits with
Comptonization models in slab geometry give a temperature generally much larger
and an optical depth much smaller than derived from the power law + cut-off
fits, using standard Comptonization formulae. The estimate of the reflection
normalization is also larger with the slab corona model. For most objects of
our sample, both models give Compton parameter values larger than expected in a
slab corona geometry, suggesting a more ``photon starved'' X-ray source
configuration. Finally, the two models provide different trends and correlation
between the physical parameters which has major consequences for the physical
interpretation of the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41862 </DOCNO>
Inverting a Supernova: Neutrino Mixing, Temperatures and Binding Energy


  We show that the mixing angle \theta_{13}, the temperatures of the emergent
neutrinos and the binding energy released by a galactic Type II supernova are
determinable (assuming the LMA solution is correct) from observations at the
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) and at Super-Kamiokande (SK). We demonstrate
that a combined analysis of the SNO and SK events will provide a precise
determination of the temperatures of the non-electron neutrinos and the binding
energy of the supernova and will place bounds on \sin^2 2 \theta_{13}
irrespective of whether the mass hierarchy is normal or inverted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128257 </DOCNO>
Tracing cosmic evolution with the Coma cluster


  We summarize here the first results of a new spectroscopic survey of galaxies
in the Coma cluster with -20.5 < M_B < -14. Differences between the last epoch
of star formation (SF) activity in S0 and elliptical galaxies are discussed.
Furthermore, we show that about half of all galaxies without present-day SF
display signs of activity at z < 1-2. Systematic trends of most recent SF epoch
with galaxy luminosity are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149955 </DOCNO>
$CP^{1}$ model with Hopf term and fractional spin statistics


  We reconsider the $CP^{1}$ model with the Hopf term by using the
Batalin-Fradkin-Tyutin (BFT) scheme, which is an improved version of the Dirac
quantization method. We also perform a semi-classical quantization of the
topological charge Q sector by exploiting the collective coordinates to
explicitly show the fractional spin statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168580 </DOCNO>
Aligning Reference Frames Using Quantum States


  We analyze the problem of sending, in a single transmission, the information
required to specify an orthogonal trihedron or reference frame through a
quantum channel made out of N elementary spins. We analytically obtain the
optimal strategy, i.e., the best encoding state and the best measurement. For
large N, we show that the average error goes to zero linearly in 1/N. Finally,
we discus the construction of finite optimal measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4224 </DOCNO>
Transition to Localization of Biased Walkers in a Randomly Absorbing


  We study biased random walkers on lattices with randomly dispersed static
traps in one, two and three dimensions. As the external bias is increased from
zero the system undergoes a phase transition, most clearly manifested in the
asymptotic drift velocity of survivors which is zero below a critical bias.
This transition is second-order in one dimension but of first order in higher
dimensions. The model can be mapped to a stretched polymer with attractive
interaction between monomers, and this phase transition would then describe
sudden unfolding of the polymer when the stretching force exceeds a critical
value. We also present precise simulations of the zero bias case where we show
unambiguously that the transition between the Rosenstock and Donsker-Varadhan
regimes is first order in dimension $\ge 2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3340 </DOCNO>
Transport in quantum wires


  With a brief introduction to one-dimensional channels and conductance
quantisation in mesoscopic systems, we discuss some recent experimental puzzles
in these systems, which include reduction of quantised conductances and an
interesting {\it odd-even} effect in the presence of an in-plane magnetic
field. We then discuss a recent non-homogeneous Luttinger liquid model proposed
by us, which addresses and gives an explanation for the reduced conductances
and the {\it odd-even} effect. We end with a brief summary and discussion of
future projects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126345 </DOCNO>
On a possible GRB-supernova time sequence


  The data from the Chandra satellite on the iron emission lines in the
afterglow of GRB 991216 are used to give further support for the EMBH theory,
which links the origin of the energy of GRBs to the extractable energy of
electromagnetic black holes (EMBHs), leading to an interpretation of the
GRB-supernova correlation. Following the relative space-time transformation
(RSTT) paradigm and the interpretation of the burst structure (IBS) paradigm,
we introduce a paradigm for the correlation between GRBs and supernovae. The
following sequence of events is shown as kinematically possible and consistent
with the available data: a) the GRB-progenitor star $P_1$ first collapses to an
EMBH, b) the proper GRB (P-GRB) and the peak of the afterglow (E-APE) propagate
in interstellar space until the impact on a supernova-progenitor star $P_2$ at
a distance $\le 2.69\times 10^{17}$ cm, and they induce the supernova
explosion, c) the accelerated baryonic matter (ABM) pulse, originating the
afterglow, reaches the supernova remnants 18.5 hours after the supernova
explosion and gives rise to the iron emission lines. Some considerations on the
dynamical implementation of the paradigm are presented. The concept of induced
supernova explosion introduced here specifically for the GRB-supernova
correlation may have more general application in relativistic astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81148 </DOCNO>
SU(3) Lattice QCD Study for Static Three-Quark Potential


  We study the static three-quark (3Q) potential in detail using SU(3) lattice
QCD with $12^3 \times 24$ at $\beta=5.7$ and $16^3 \times 32$ at $\beta=5.8,
6.0$ at the quenched level. For more than 200 patterns of the 3Q systems, we
numerically derive 3Q ground-state potential $V_{3Q}$ from the 3Q Wilson loop
with the smearing technique, which reduces excited-state contaminations. The
lattice QCD data of $V_{3Q}$ are well reproduced within a few % deviation by a
sum of a constant, the two-body Coulomb term and the three-body linear
confinement term $\sigma_{3Q} L_{min}$, with $L_{min}$ the minimal value of
total length of color flux tubes linking the three quarks.
  From the comparison with the Q-$\bar {Q}$ potential, we find a universality
of the string tension as $\sigma_{3Q} \simeq \sigma_{\rm Q \bar Q}$ and the
one-gluon-exchange result for Coulomb coefficients, $A_{3Q} \simeq \frac12
A_{\rm Q \bar Q}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125776 </DOCNO>
The gravitational wave signal from the Galactic disk population of


  We review the properties of Galactic binaries containing two compact objects,
as derived by means of population synthesis. Using this information we
calculate the gravitational wave signal of these binaries. At frequencies below
f ~< 2 mHz the double white dwarf population forms an unresolved background for
the low-frequency gravitational wave detector LISA. Above this limit some few
thousand double white dwarfs and few tens of binaries containing neutron stars
will be resolved. Of the resolved double white dwarfs ~500 have a total mass
above the Chandrasekhar limit. About ~95 of these have a measurable frequency
change allowing a determination of their chirp mass. We discuss the properties
of the resolved systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98380 </DOCNO>
Minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex hyperbolic space


  In this paper we construct new examples of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in
the complex hyperbolic space with large symmetry groups, obtaining three
1-parameter families with cohomegeneity one. We characterize them as the only
minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in CH^n foliated by umbilical hypersurfaces of
Lagrangian subspaces RH^n of CH^n. Several suitable generalizations of the
above construction allow us to get new families of minimal Lagrangian
submanifolds in CH^n from curves in CH^1 and (n-1)-dimensional minimal
Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex space forms CP^n-1, CH^n-1 and C^n-1.
Similar constructions are made in the complex projective space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148770 </DOCNO>
Higher-Derivative Boson Field Theories and Constrained Second-Order


  As an alternative to the covariant Ostrogradski method, we show that
higher-derivative relativistic Lagrangian field theories can be reduced to
second differential-order by writing them directly as covariant two-derivative
theories involving Lagrange multipliers and new fields. Despite the intrinsic
non-covariance of the Dirac's procedure used to deal with the constraints, the
explicit Lorentz invariance is recovered at the end. We develop this new
setting on the grounds of a simple scalar model and then its applications to
generalized electrodynamics and higher-derivative gravity are worked out. For a
wide class of field theories this method is better suited than Ostrogradski's
for a generalization to 2n-derivative theories

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148898 </DOCNO>
Bulk Couplings to Noncommutative Branes


  We propose a way to identify the gauge invariant operator in noncommutative
gauge theory on a D-brane with nonzero B field which couples to a specific
supergravity mode in the bulk. This uses the description of noncommutative
gauge theories in terms of ordinary $U(\infty)$ gauge theories in lower
dimensions. The proposal is verified in the DBI approximation. Other authors
have shown that the proposal is also consistent with explicit string worldsheet
calculations. We comment on implications to holography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128846 </DOCNO>
ISOPHOT - Photometric Calibration of Point Sources


  All observations by the aperture photometer (PHT-P) and the far-infrared
(FIR) camera section (PHT-C) of ISOPHOT included reference measurements against
stable internal fine calibration sources (FCS) to correct for temporal drifts
in detector responsivities. The FCSs were absolutely calibrated in-orbit
against stars, asteroids and planets, covering wavelengths from 3.2 to 240
micron. We present the calibration concept for point sources within a
flux-range from 60 mJy up to 4500 Jy for staring and raster observations in
standard configurations and discuss the requisite measurements and the
uncertainties involved. In this process we correct for instrumental effects
like nonlinearities, signal transients, time variable dark current,
misalignments and diffraction effects. A set of formulae is developed that
describes the calibration from signal-level to flux densities. The scatter of
10 to 20 % of the individual data points around the derived calibration
relations is a measure of the consistency and typical accuracy of the
calibration. The reproducibility over longer periods of time is better than 10
%. The calibration tables and algorithms have been implemented in the final
versions of the software for offline processing and interactive analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85905 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanical Clock and Classical Relativistic Clock


  A cyclic nature of quantum mechanical clock is discussed as ``quantization of
time." Quantum mechanical clock is seen to be equivalent to the relativistic
classical clock.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6964 </DOCNO>
Phase field model of premelting of grain boundaries


  We present a phase field model of solidification which includes the effects
of the crystalline orientation in the solid phase. This model describes grain
boundaries as well as solid-liquid boundaries within a unified framework. With
an appropriate choice of coupling of the phase field variable to the gradient
of the crystalline orientation variable in the free energy, we find that high
angle boundaries undergo a premelting transition. As the melting temperature is
approached from below, low angle grain boundaries remain narrow. The width of
the liquid layer at high angle grain boundaries diverges logarithmically. In
addition, for some choices of model coupling, there may be a discontinuous jump
in the width of the fluid layer as function of temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126729 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet Broad Absorption Features and the Spectral Energy


  We present a moderate-resolution (~20 km/s) spectrum of the mini
broad-absorption-line QSO PG1351+64 between 915-1180 A, obtained with the Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). Additional spectra at longer
wavelengths were also obtained with the HST and ground-based telescopes. Broad
absorption is present on the blue wings of CIII 977, Ly-beta, OVI 1032,1038,
Ly-alpha, NV 1238,1242, SiIV 1393,1402, and CIV 1548,1450. The absorption
profile can be fitted with five components at velocities of ~ -780, -1049,
-1629, -1833, and -3054 km/s with respect to the emission-line redshift of z =
0.088. All the absorption components cover a large fraction of the continuum
source as well as the broad-line region. The OVI emission feature is very weak,
and the OVI/Lyalpha flux ratio is 0.08, one of the lowest among low-redshift
active galaxies and QSOs. The UV continuum shows a significant change in slope
near 1050 A in the restframe. The steeper continuum shortward of the Lyman
limit extrapolates well to the observed weak X-ray flux level. The absorbers'
properties are similar to those of high-redshift broad absorption-line QSOs.
The derived total column density of the UV absorbers is on the order of 10^21
cm^-2, unlikely to produce significant opacity above 1 keV in the X-ray. Unless
there is a separate, high-ionization X-ray absorber, the QSO's weak X-ray flux
may be intrinsic. The ionization level of the absorbing components is
comparable to that anticipated in the broad-line region, therefore the
absorbers may be related to broad-line clouds along the line of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 768 </DOCNO>
Viscoelastic response of sonic band-gap materials


  A brief report is presented on the effect of viscoelastic losses in a high
density contrast sonic band-gap material of close-packed rubber spheres in air.
The scattering properties of such a material are computed with an on-shell
multiple scattering method, properties which are compared with the lossless
case. The existence of an appreciable omnidirectional gap in the transmission
spectrum, when losses are present, is also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75898 </DOCNO>
Electroweak-correction effects in gauge-boson pair production at the LHC


  We have studied the effect of one-loop logarithmic electroweak radiative
corrections on WZ and $W\gamma$ production processes at the LHC. We present
analytical results for the leading-logarithmic electroweak corrections to the
corresponding partonic processes du -> WZ, Wgamma. Using the leading-pole
approximation we implement these corrections into Monte Carlo programs for
$pp\to l\nu_l l'\bar l', l\nu_l\gamma$. We find that electroweak corrections
lower the predictions by 5-20% in the physically interesting region of large
transverse momentum and small rapidity separation of the gauge bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4111 </DOCNO>
Comment to cond-mat/0107371: ``Dynamical exponents of an


  In cond-mat/0107371, it has been proposed that diffusion could change the
universality class of a parity-conserving reaction-diffusion process. In this
comment I suggest that this cannot happen due to symmetry arguments. I also
show numerical results from lattice simulations which support these arguments,
and also mention a previous result pointing out to the same direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126703 </DOCNO>
Studies of Magnetic and Suspected-Magnetic Southern White Dwarfs


  Optical spectrophotometry and circular spectropolarimetry are presented for
several candidate magnetic white dwarfs that were identified during the
Hamburg/ESO survey for bright QSOs. HE 1211-1707 and HE 1043-0502 are rare
examples of white dwarfs that show neutral helium lines in a high magnetic
field, in these cases ~50 MG and ~800 MG, respectively. The former is also
found to be rotating with a period of ~2 hr. HE 1045-0908 is a hydrogen-line
star at ~20 MG, spinning with a period in the range ~2-4 hr. Attempts at
modeling the limited amount of phase-resolved data that is available suggest
that the field structure departs substantially from a simple centered dipolar
geometry. Two rather cool white dwarfs with unidentified broad absorption
spectral features, HE 0236-2656 and HE 0330-0002, are confirmed to be magnetic.
Line identifications for these stars are not yet possible, but the atmospheres
are probably helium-rich, with spectral features formed by trace compounds of
hydrogen, carbon, and perhaps other metals. HE 0003-5701 and HE 0338-3853 were
proposed by Reimers et al. (1996) alongside two similar objects to be magnetic
DB white dwarfs, with magnetic fields all near 20 MG. However, our observations
show that the first two, and by extension all four, are nonmagnetic white dwarf
+ cool dwarf pairs, deserving of study in their own right as possible close
binaries. Finally, a lack of circular polarisation suggests that HE 0000-3430
and HE 0127-3110 are also nonmagnetic. HE 0000-3430 appears to be a featureless
DC white dwarf over the spectral range observed here, while the sole absorption
line near 5890A in HE 0127-3110 could be either He I 5876A or the Na I D
doublet, but there are difficulties with either interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149662 </DOCNO>
Stress-energy of a quantized scalar field in static wormhole spacetimes


  An analytical approximation of $<T_{\mu\nu}>$ for a quantized scalar field in
a static spherically symmetric spacetime with a topology $S^2 \times R^2$ is
obtained. The gravitational background is assumed slowly varying. The scalar
field is assumed to be both massive and massless, with an arbitrary coupling
$\xi$ to the scalar curvature and in a zero temperature vacuum state. It is
demonstrated that for some values of curvature coupling the stress-energy has
the properties needed to support the wormhole geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6544 </DOCNO>
Coherent electron transport in a Si quantum dot dimer


  We show that the coherence of charge transfer through a weakly coupled
double-dot dimer can be determined by analyzing the statistics of the
conductance pattern, and does not require large phase coherence length in the
host material. We present an experimental study of the charge transport through
a small Si nanostructure, which contains two quantum dots. The transport
through the dimer is shown to be coherent. At the same time, one of the dots is
strongly coupled to the leads, and the overall transport is dominated by
inelastic co-tunneling processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74289 </DOCNO>
A Supernova Brane Scan


  We consider a `brane-world scenario' recently introduced by Dvali, Gabadadze
and Porrati, and subsequently proposed as an alternative to a cosmological
constant in explaining the current acceleration of the universe. We show that,
contrary to these claims, this proposal is already strongly disfavoured by the
available Type Ia Supernovae, Cosmic Microwave Background and cluster data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127825 </DOCNO>
Angular Momentum Profiles of Warm Dark Matter Halos


  We compare the specific angular momentum profiles of virialized dark halos in
cold dark matter (CDM) and warm dark matter (WDM) models using high-resolution
dissipationless simulations. The simulations were initialized using the same
set of modes, except on small scales, where the power was suppressed in WDM
below the filtering length. Remarkably, WDM as well as CDM halos are
well-described by the two-parameter angular momentum profile of Bullock et al.
(2001), even though the halo masses are below the filtering scale of the WDM.
Although the best-fit shape parameters change quantitatively for individual
halos in the two simulations, we find no systematic variation in profile shapes
as a function of the dark matter type. The scatter in shape parameters is
significantly smaller for the WDM halos, suggesting that substructure and/or
merging history plays a role producing scatter about the mean angular momentum
distribution, but that the average angular momentum profiles of halos originate
from larger-scale phenomena or a mechanism associated with the virialization
process. The known mismatch between the angular momentum distributions of dark
halos and disk galaxies is therefore present in WDM as well as CDM models. Our
WDM halos tend to have a less coherent (more misaligned) angular momentum
structure and smaller spin parameters than do their CDM counterparts, although
we caution that this result is based on a small number of halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113655 </DOCNO>
Physical Consequences of a Momenta-Transfering Particle Theory of


  This work presents physical consequences of our theory of induced gravity
(Ref.1) regarding: 1) the requirement to consider shape and materials
properties when calculating graviton cross section collision area; 2) use of
Special Relativity; 3) implications regarding the shape of cosmos; 4)
comparison to explanations using General Relativity; 5) properties of black
holes; 6) relationship to the strong force and the theorized Higgs boson; 7)
the possible origin of magnetic attraction; 8) new measurements showing
variation from gravitational inverse square behavior at length scales of 0.1 mm
and relationship to the Cosmological constant, and proof of the statistical
time properties of the gravitational interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168886 </DOCNO>
Coherent and compatible information: a basis to information analysis of


  Relevance of key quantum information measures for analysis of quantum systems
is discussed. It is argued that possible ways of measuring quantum information
are based on compatibility/incompatibility of the quantum states of a quantum
system, resulting in the coherent information and introduced here the
compatible information measures, respectively. A sketch of an information
optimization of a quantum experimental setup is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149421 </DOCNO>
A Two Fluid Description of the Quantum Hall Soliton


  We show that the Quantum Hall Soliton constructed in \cite{giantbob} is
stable under small perturbations. We find that creating quasiparticles actually
lowers the energy of the system, and discuss whether this indicates an
instability on the time scales relevant to the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113743 </DOCNO>
Comparative investigation of 39K and 40K trap loss rates: alternative


  We report a comparative investigation of trap loss rates in a magneto-optical
trap for two potassium isotopes, 39K and 40K, as a function of trap light
intensity. The isotopes present a quite similar behavior for the loss rates at
high intensities, and a sudden increase of the loss rates at low intensities is
present in both cases. While for 39K such increase can be explained assuming
that the major contribution to the losses comes from Hyperfine Changing
Collisions, a different loss mechanism must be considered for 40K, which has an
inverted ground state hyperfine structure. The experimental results of both
isotopes are well reproduced by an alternative model based on radiative escape
as the dominant loss mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126341 </DOCNO>
High Energy Hadronic Acceleration in Extragalactic Radio Jets


  Within an electric circuit description of extragalactic jets temporal
variations of the electric currents are associated with finite collisionless
conductivities and consequently magnetic-field aligned electric fields
$E_\parallel$. The maximum field strengths depend on the efficiency of the jet
MHD generator $E_\perp$ and the local conversion to the $E_\parallel$
component. The hadronic jet constituents can efficiently be accelerated in such
fields all along the jets. To estimate the maximum energy the accelerated jet
hadrons can achieve we consider energy loss processes as photon-pion and pair
production as well as synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation. It turns out
that for the strongest $E_\parallel$ possible the Centaurus A jet is a most
promising candidate for the source of the highest energy component of cosmic
rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86773 </DOCNO>
Comment on 'Stability of the semiclassical Einstein equation'


  Some mathematical errors of the paper commented upon [W.-M. Suen, Phys. Rev.
D 40, (1989) 315] are corrected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126128 </DOCNO>
Observing the planet formation time-scale by ground-based direct imaging


  Many extra-solar planets and a few planetary systems have been found
indirectly by small periodic radial velocity variations around old nearby
stars. The orbital characteristics of most of them are different from the
planets in our solar system. Hence, planet formation theories have to be
revised. Therefore, observational constraints regarding young planets would be
very valuable. We have started a ground-based direct imaging search for giant
planets in orbit around young nearby stars. Here, we will motivate the sample
selection and will present our direct imaging observation of the very low-mass
(15 to 40 Jupiter masses) brown dwarf companion TWA-5 B in orbit around the
nearby young star TWA-5 A, recently obtained with the 36-element
curvature-sensing AO instrument Hokupa'a of the University of Hawai'i at the
8.3m Gemini-North telescope on Mauna Kea. We could achieve a FWHM of 64 mas and
25 % Strehl. We find significance evidence for orbital motion of B around A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95939 </DOCNO>
On an algebro-geometric discretization of KP hierarchy


  This paper studies a certain completely integrable discretization of the KP
hierarchy. This was constructed by Gieseker in \cite{Gie1}, from certain
algebro-geometric data. This paper has the dual aim of showing that this
construction is generically invertible, and obtaining explicit expressions for
the flow equations. A subsequent article will discuss the Hamiltonian structure
of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123695 </DOCNO>
Emissive mechanism of radio flat spectrum on X-ray binaries


  We present that the radio emission with flat spectrum in X-ray binaries comes
from the synchrotron emission of relativistic electrons in the high energy tail
of hot electrons in continuous conical jet. The jet is assumed to be produced
by the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) and maintains ion and electron
temperatures constant in the case of adiabatic steady conical expansion. The
flat spectrum is result of self-absorbed synchrotron emission by relativistic
thermal electrons. We find that the critical frequency at which the radiation
becomes optically thin declines along the jet. The emission observed at higher
frequencies originates at smaller distance, closer to the base of the jet. The
highest cut-off frequency of the flat spectrum is at the base of the jet, and
is determined by the physics of the ADAF and the position of the jet formation.
We assert that it is a characteristic of the ADAF in black hole X-ray binaries
that a continuous steady outflow is formed and causes the observed flat
spectrum in the low/hard state. The observed synchrotron emission consists of
the flat spectral component from the jet and the steep spectral component from
the ADAF. The flat spectral component extends from infrared to radio
wavelengths, while the steep spectral component with the 2/5 spectral slope
extends from infrared to shorter wavelengths, it will be dominated by the
thermal emission from companion star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5679 </DOCNO>
Spectral Structure of Quantum Line with a Defect


  We study the spectral properties of one-dimensional quantum wire with a
single defect. We reveal the existence of the non-trivial topological
structures in the spectral space of the system, which are behind the exotic
quantum phenomena that have lately been found in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96694 </DOCNO>
Renormalisation scheme for vector fields on T2 with a diophantine


  We construct a rigorous renormalisation scheme for analytic vector fields on
the 2-torus of Poincare type. We show that iterating this procedure there is
convergence to a limit set with a ``Gauss map'' dynamics on it, related to the
continued fraction expansion of the slope of the frequencies. This is valid for
diophantine frequency vectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73243 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Constraints in Heterotic M-Theory with Five-Brane Dominance


  The phenomenological implications of the M-theory limit in which
supersymmetry is broken by the auxiliary fields of five-brane moduli is
investigated.
 Assuming that the lightest neutralino provides the dark matter in the
universe, constraints on the sparticle spectrum are obtained. Direct detection
rates for dark matter are estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168238 </DOCNO>
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger nonlocality for continuous variable systems


  As a development of our previous work, this paper is concerned with the
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) nonlocality for continuous variable cases.
The discussion is based on the introduction of a pseudospin operator, which has
the same algebra as the Pauli operator, for each of the $N$ modes of a light
field. Then the Bell-CHSH (Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt) inequality is
presented for the $N$ modes, each of which has a continuous degree of freedom.
Following Mermin's argument, it is demonstrated that for $N$-mode
parity-entangled GHZ states (in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space) of the
light field, the contradictions between quantum mechanics and local realism
grow exponentially with $N$, similarly to the usual $N$-spin cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3112 </DOCNO>
Statistics of lowest excitations in two dimensional Gaussian spin


  A detailed investigation of lowest excitations in two-dimensional Gaussian
spin glasses is presented. We show the existence of a new zero-temperature
exponent lambda describing the relative number of finite-volume excitations
with respect to large-scale ones. This exponent yields the standard thermal
exponent of droplet theory theta through the relation, theta=d(lambda-1). Our
work provides a new way to measure the thermal exponent theta without any
assumption about the procedure to generate typical low-lying excitations. We
find clear evidence that theta < theta_{DW} where theta_{DW} is the thermal
exponent obtained in domain-wall theory showing that MacMillan excitations are
not typical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168212 </DOCNO>
Interference enhanced polarization entanglement and the concept of an


  Inspired by laser operation, we address the question of whether stimulated
emission into polarization entangled modes can be achieved. We describe a state
produced by stimulated emission of the singlet Bell state and propose a setup
for creating it. As a first important step towards an entangled-photon laser we
demonstrate experimentally interference-enhanced polarization entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5942 </DOCNO>
Power-law distributions, Fisher information, and thermal uncertainty


  We revisit thermodynamic uncertainties using power-law distributions instead
of exponential ones and attempt to generalize the pertinent Mandelbrot's
relation. It is shown that the associated Fisher measure becomes a sum over all
moments of the internal energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86002 </DOCNO>
Constraint propagation in the family of ADM systems


  The current important issue in numerical relativity is to determine which
formulation of the Einstein equations provides us with stable and accurate
simulations. Based on our previous work on "asymptotically constrained"
systems, we here present constraint propagation equations and their eigenvalues
for the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) evolution equations with additional
constraint terms (adjusted terms) on the right hand side. We conjecture that
the system is robust against violation of constraints if the amplification
factors (eigenvalues of Fourier-component of the constraint propagation
equations) are negative or pure-imaginary. We show such a system can be
obtained by choosing multipliers of adjusted terms. Our discussion covers
Detweiler's proposal (1987) and Frittelli's analysis (1997), and we also
mention the so-called conformal-traceless ADM systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76791 </DOCNO>
B Phenomenology


  Many topics are discussed in b physics including lifetimes, decay mechanisms,
determinations of the CKM matrix elements |V_{cb}| and |V_{ub}|, facilities for
b quark studies, neutral $B$ meson mixing, rare b decays, hadronic decays and
CP violation. I review techniques for finding physics beyond the Standard Model
and describe the complimentarity of b decay measurements in elucidating new
physics that could be found at higher energy machines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4894 </DOCNO>
The spin-glass phase-transition in the Hopfield model with p-spin


  We study the Hopfield model with pure $p$-spin interactions with even $p\geq
4$, and a number of patterns, M(N) growing with the system size, $N$, as $M(N)
= \a N^{p-1}$. We prove the existence of a critical temperature $\b_p$
characterized as the first time quenched and annealed free energy differ. We
prove that as $p\uparrow\infty$, $\b_p\to\sqrt {\a 2\ln 2}$. Moreover, we show
that for any $\a>0$ and for all inverse temperatures $\b$, the free energy
converges to that of the REM at inverse temperature $\b/\sqrt\a$. Moreover,
above the critical temperature the distribution of the replica overlap is
concentrated at zero. We show that for large enough $\a$, there exists a
non-empty interval of in the low temperature regime where the distribution has
mass both near zero and near $\pm 1$. As was first shown by M. Talagrand in the
case of the $p$-spin SK model, this implies the the Gibbs measure at low
temperatures is concentrated, asymptotically for large $N$, on a countable
union of disjoint sets, no finite subset of which has full mass. Finally, we
show that there is $\a_p\sim 1/p!$ such that for $\a>\a_p$ the set carrying
almost all mass does not contain the original patterns. In this sense we
describe a genuine spin glass transition.
  Our approach follows that of Talagrand's analysis of the $p$-spin SK-model.
The more complex structure of the random interactions necessitates, however,
considerable technical modifications. In particular, various results that
follow easily in the Gaussian case from integration by parts fromulas have to
be derived by expansion techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98893 </DOCNO>
On quasi-affine transforms of Read's operator


  We show that C.J.Read's example of an operator T on l_1 which does not have
any non-trivial invariant subspaces is not the adjoint of an operator on a
predual of l_1. Furthermore, we present a bounded diagonal operator D such that
even though its inverse is unbounded, but D^{-1}TD is a bounded operator with
invariant subspaces, and is adjoint to an operator on c_0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123509 </DOCNO>
On the peak radio and X-ray emission from neutron star and black hole


  We have compiled and analysed reports from the literature of
(quasi-)simultaneous observations of X-ray transients at radio and X-ray
wavelengths and compared them with each other and with more unusual
radio-bright sources such as Cygnus X-3, GRS 1915+105 and Circinus X-1. There
exists a significant (>97% likelihood) positive (rank) correlation between the
peak X-ray flux P_X and radio flux density P_R for the black hole candidate
(BHC) systems, and a marginally significant positive (rank) correlation for the
neutron star (NS) systems. This is further evidence for a coupling between
accretion and outflows in X-ray binary systems, in this case implying a
relation between peak disc-accretion-rate and the number of synchroton-emitting
electrons ejected. However, we also show that the distribution of `radio
loudness', P_R/P_X, is significantly different for the two samples, in the
sense that the BHCs generally have a higher ratio of P_R/P_X. The origin of
this discrepancy is uncertain, but probably reflects differences in the
energetics and/or radiative efficiency of flows around the neutron stars and
black holes; we briefly discuss some of these possibilities. We conclude that
these data point to the formation of a mildly relativistic jet whose luminosity
is a function of the accretion rate, in the majority, if not all, of X-ray
transient outbursts, but whose relation to the observed X-ray emission is
dependent on the nature of the accreting compact object. (Abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6685 </DOCNO>
Transport through a one-dimensional quantum dot


  We examine the effects of long-range interactions in a quantum wire with two
impurities. We employ the bosonization technique and derive an effective action
for the system. The effect of the long-range interaction on the charging energy
and spectral properties of the island formed by the impurities and the linear
transport is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125643 </DOCNO>
The Angular Momentum Content of Dwarf Galaxies: New Challenges for the


  We compute the specific angular momentum distributions of a sample of low
mass disk galaxies observed by Swaters. We compare these distributions to those
of dark matter haloes obtained by Bullock et al. from high resolution N-body
simulations of structure formation in a LCDM Universe. We find that although
the disk mass fractions are significantly smaller than the Universal baryon
fraction, the total specific angular momenta of the disks are in good agreement
with those of dark matter haloes. This suggests that disks form out of only a
small fraction of the available baryons, but yet manage to draw most of the
available angular momentum. In addition we find that the angular momentum
distributions of disks are clearly distinct from those of the dark matter;
disks lack predominantly both low and high specific angular momentum.
Understanding these findings in terms of a coherent picture for disk formation
is challenging. Cooling, feedback and stripping, which are the main mechanisms
to explain the small disk mass fractions found, seem unable to simultaneously
explain the disk's angular momentum distribution. In fact, it seems that the
baryons that make up the disks must have been born out of angular momentum
distributions that are clearly distinct from those of LCDM haloes. Therefore,
understanding the angular momentum content of disk galaxies remains an
important challenge for our picture of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169089 </DOCNO>
Generating Entangled Two-Photon States with Coincident Frequencies


  It is shown that parametric downconversion, with a short-duration pump pulse
and a long nonlinear crystal that is appropriately phase matched, can produce a
frequency-entangled biphoton state whose individual photons are coincident in
frequency. Quantum interference experiments which distinguish this state from
the familiar time-coincident biphoton state are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74417 </DOCNO>
Large Isospin mixing in phi radiative decay and the spatial size of the


  The measured rate for phi to gamma f0(980) appears to be larger than allowed
on rather general grounds. We show that mixing between the f0(980) and a0(980),
due to their dynamical interaction with the nearby KKbar thresholds, radically
affects some existing predictions of their production in phi radiative decay.
We predict that Gamma(phi to gamma f0)/Gamma(phi to gamma a_0) approx 3; that
sum (b.r.(phi to gamma f0) + b.r. (phi to gamma a_0)) < 5 x 10^-4 with probable
individual branching ratios 2 x 10^-4 and 0.7 x 10^-4 respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81113 </DOCNO>
Kaon B parameter from quenched domain-wall QCD


  We report on a calculation of $B_K$ with domain wall fermion action in
quenched QCD. Simulations are made with a renormalization group improved gauge
action at $\beta=2.6$ and 2.9 corresponding to $a^{-1}\approx 2$GeV and 3GeV.
Effects due to finite fifth dimensional size $N_5$ and finite spatial size
$N_\sigma$ are examined in detail. Matching to the continuum operator is made
perturbatively at one loop order. We obtain $B_K(\mu = 2 GeV)=
0.5746(61)(191)$, where the first error is statistical and the second error
represents an estimate of scaling violation and ${\cal O}(\alpha^2)$ errors in
the renormalization factor added in quadrature, as an estimate of the continuum
value in the $\msbar$ scheme with naive dimensional regularization. This value
is consistent, albeit somewhat small, with $B_K(\mu = 2 {GeV})= 0.628(42)$
obtained by the JLQCD Collaboration using the Kogut-Susskind quark action.
Results for light quark masses are also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72993 </DOCNO>
Quark Transversity Distribution in Perturbative QCD: Light-Front


  To resolve the current ambiguity in the splitting function corresponding to
the quark transversity distribution $h_1(x)$, we calculate $h_1(x)$ for a
dressed quark in light-front Hamiltonian perturbation theory. Our result agrees
with the expected form of the splitting function found in the literature and
disagrees with the recent calculation in \cite{kuhn}. We emphasize the
importance of quark mass in $h_1(x)$ in perturbative QCD and show its
connection with a part of $g_T$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72548 </DOCNO>
On the two-loop electroweak amplitude of the muon decay


  We present an analysis of the two-loop amplitude of the muon decay in the
Standard Model (SM) using algebraic renormalization techniques. In addition, we
discuss a manifestly BRST invariant IR regulator for the photon within the SM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3097 </DOCNO>
Charge spectrometry with a strongly coupled superconducting


  We have used a superconducting single-electron transistor as a
DC-electrometer that is strongly coupled to the metal island of another
transistor. With this set-up, it is possible to directly measure the charge
distribution on this island. The strong capacitive coupling was achieved by a
multilayer fabrication technique that allowed us to make the coupling
capacitance bigger than the junction capacitances. Simulations of this system
were done using orthodox theory of single-electron tunnelling and showed
excellent agreement with the measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75067 </DOCNO>
Soliton Formation in Chiral Quark Models


  We describe how the non-local regularization can be implemented in the
calculation of solitons in the Nambu Jona-Lasinio model as well as in the
equivalent linear sigma-model. We investigate different forms of regulators and
show that the 3-momentum cut-off leads to serious conceptual difficulties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97183 </DOCNO>
The Poisson Density


  Describing the Poisson process in both a mathematical and physical system,
the sequence is shown to be a broadcast of information where each observer who
whitnesses an event can obtain 2log(e) of classical information. With
evididence generated by the martingale approach, multiple pathways are used to
derive this result. Further proof of the correctness of the equality between
the counting of the number of events in the Poisson Process and the measure of
information shifted inside the bounds of the process, is suggested to be found
in the actual data that is collected from the Vacuum tube.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113497 </DOCNO>
Physical Interpretation of the 26 Dimensions of Bosonic String Theory


  The 26 dimensions of Closed Unoriented Bosonic String Theory are interpreted
as the 26 dimensions of the traceless Jordan algebra J3(O)o of 3x3 Octonionic
matrices, with each of the 3 Octonionic dimenisons of J3(O)o having the
following physical interpretation: 4-dimensional physical spacetime plus
4-dimensional internal symmetry space; 8 first-generation fermion particles; 8
first-generation fermion anti-particles. This interpretation is consistent with
interpreting the strings as World Lines of the Worlds of Many-Worlds Quantum
Theory and the 26 dimensions as the degrees of freedom of the Worlds of the
Many-Worlds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77099 </DOCNO>
The path from chemical to thermal freeze-out


  The evolution of a hadronic system after its chemical decomposition is
described through a model that conserves the hadronic multiplicities to their
values at chemical freeze-out. The state of the system is found as function of
temperature and the corresponding baryon density is evaluated. The baryon
density at thermal decoupling is also computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123458 </DOCNO>
The INTEGRAL Burst Alert System


  We describe the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System (IBAS): the automatic software
developed at the INTEGRAL Science Data Center to allow the rapid distribution
of the coordinates of the Gamma-Ray Bursts detected by INTEGRAL. IBAS is
implemented as a ground based system, working on the near-real time telemetry
stream. It is expected that the system will detect more than one GRB per month
in the field of view of the main instruments. Positions with an accuracy of a
few arcminutes will be distributed to the community for follow-up observations
within a few tens of seconds of the event. The system will also upload commands
to optimize the possible detection of bursts in the visible band with the
INTEGRAL Optical Monitor Camera.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77127 </DOCNO>
Radion Mixing Effects on the Properties of the Standard Model Higgs


  We examine how mixing between the Standard Model(SM) Higgs boson, $h$, and
the radion of the Randall-Sundrum model modifies the expected properties of the
Higgs boson. In particular, we demonstrate that the total and partial decay
widths of the Higgs, as well as the $h\to gg$ branching fraction, can be
substantially altered from their SM expectations, while the remaining Higgs
branching fractions are modified less than $\lsim 5%$ for most of the parameter
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123726 </DOCNO>
Spectral Evolution of the Continuum and Disc Line in Dipping in GRO


  The discovery is reported of emission features in the X-ray spectrum of GRO
J1655-40 obtained using Rossi-XTE on 1997, Feb 26. The features have been
fitted firstly by two Gaussian lines, which in four spectra have average
energies of 5.85+/-0.08 keV and 7.32+/-0.13 keV, strongly suggestive that these
are the red- and blueshifted wings of an iron disc line from material with
velocity ~0.33 c. The blue wing is apparently less bright than expected for a
disc line subject to Doppler boosting, however, known absorption in the
spectrum of GRO J1655-40 at energies between ~7 and 8 keV can reduce the
apparent brightness of the blue wing. The spectra have also been fitted well
using the full relativistic disc line model of Laor, plus an absorption line.
This gives a restframe energy between 6.4 and 6.8 keV indicating that the line
is from highly ionized iron K_alpha. The Laor model also shows that the line
originates at radii extending from ~10 Schwarzschild radii (r_S) outwards. The
line is direct evidence for the black hole nature of the compact object. The
continuum is well described by dominant disc blackbody emission plus
Comptonized emission. During dipping, spectral evolution is well modelled by
allowing progressive covering of the disc blackbody and simple absorption of
the Comptonized emission showing that the thermal emission is more extended.
Acceptable fits are only obtained by including the disc line in the covering
term, indicating that it originates in the same inner disc region as the
thermal continuum. Dip ingress times and durations are used to provide the
radius of the disc blackbody emitter as 170-370 r_S, and the radius of the
absorber.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97563 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalues for the monodromy of the Milnor fibers of arrangements


  We decribe upper bounds for the orders of the eigenvalues of the monodromy of
Milnor fibers of arrangements given in terms of combinatorics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150136 </DOCNO>
D-instantons and universal hypermultiplet


  Quantum non-perturbative geometry of the universal hypermultiplet is
investigated. We consider the simple case when the D-instantons, originating
from the Calabi-Yau wrapped D2-branes, preserve a U(1)xU(1) symmetry of the
universal hypermultiplet moduli space. The cluster decomposition of
D-instantons is proved to be valid in a curved spacetime. We find an SL(2,Z)
duality-invariant quaternionic solution to the effective NLSM metric of the
universal hypermultiplet, which is governed by a modular-invariant function.
This function appears to be the same function found by Green and Gutperle, and
describing the modular invariant completion of the R^4 term by the D-instanton
effects in the type-II superstring/M-theory. We argue that our solution
interpolates between the perturbative (large CY volume) region and the
superconformal (Landau-Ginzburg) region in the universal hypermultiplet moduli
space. We also calculate a non-perturbative scalar potential in the
hyper-K\"ahler limit, when an abelian isometry of the universal hypermultiplet
moduli space is gauged in the presence of D-instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129127 </DOCNO>
75 kpc trails of ionized gas behind two Irr galaxies in A1367


  In a 6h Halpha exposure of the N-W region of the cluster of galaxies A1367 we
discovered a 75 kpc cometary emission of ionized gas trailing behind two
Irregular galaxies. The Halpha trails correspond in position and length with
tails of syncrotron radiation. At the galaxy side opposite to the tails the two
galaxies show bright HII regions aligned along arcs, where the star formation
takes place at the prodigeous rate of about 1 solar mass per yr. From the
morphology of the galaxies and of the trailing material, we infer that the two
galaxies are suffering from ram pressure due to their high velocity motion
through the cluster IGM. We estimate that about 10^9 solar masses of gas,
probably ionized in the giant HII regions, is swept out forming the tails. The
tails cross each other at some 100 kpc from the present galaxy location,
indicating that a major tidal event occurred some about 5x10^7 yr ago. We
exclude that mutual harassment produced the observed morphology and we show
with numerical simulations that it could have marginally aided ram pressure
stripping by loosening the potential well of the galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5419 </DOCNO>
Keldysh and Doi-Peliti Techniques for out-of-Equilibrium Systems


  Lecture notes presented at Windsor NATO school on "Field Theory of Strongly
Correlated Fermions and Bosons in Low-Dimensional Disordered Systems" (August
2001). The purpose of these lectures is to give a brief modern introduction to
Keldysh non-equilibrium field theory and its classical analog - Doi-Peliti
technique. The special emphasis is put on stressing the analogy between the two
approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2023 </DOCNO>
Magnus Force and Aharonov-Bohm Effect in Superfluids


  The paper addresses the problem of the transverse force (Magnus force) on a
vortex in a Galilean invariant quantum Bose liquid. Interaction of
quasiparticles (phonons) with a vortex produces an additional transverse force
(Iordanskii force). The Iordanskii force is related to the acoustic
Aharonov--Bohm effect.Connection of the effective Magnus force with the Berry
phase is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3704 </DOCNO>
Mechanical oscillations at the cellular scale


  Active phenomena which involve force generation and motion play a key role in
a number of phenomena in living cells such as cell motility, muscle contraction
and the active transport of material and organelles. Here we discuss mechanical
oscillations generated by active systems in cells. Examples are oscillatory
regimes in muscles, the periodic beating of axonemal cilia and flagella and
spontaneous oscillations of auditory hair cells which play a role in active
amplification of weak sounds in hearing. As a prototype system for oscillation
generation by proteins, we discuss a general mechanism by which many coupled
active elements such as motor molecules can generate oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3660 </DOCNO>
Stress Dependence of Exciton Relaxation Processes in Cu2O


  A comprehensive study of the exciton relaxation processes in Cu2O has led to
some surprises. We find that the ortho-para conversion rate becomes slower at
high stress, and that the Auger nonradiative recombination rate increases with
stress, with apparently no Auger recombination at zero stress. These results
have important consequences for the pursuit of Bose-Einstein condensation of
excitons in a harmonic potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129165 </DOCNO>
The Lyman-alpha forest of a Lyman Break Galaxy: VLT Spectra of


  The high redshift galaxy MS1512-cB58 (z=2.724, m_V=20.64) has been observed
with the very efficient high resolution echelle spectrograph VLT/UVES. Although
this is a very challenging observational program for a Southern hemisphere
telescope (the galaxy is located at +36 deg declination), high resolution
spectra (FWHM ~ 26 km/s) have revealed, with unprecedented detail along a
galaxy sight line, the Lyman-alpha forest due to intervening clouds in the
intergalactic medium (IGM). The mean depression D_A due to IGM absorption
blueward of the galaxy Ly-alpha wavelength and the number density dn/dz of
Ly-alpha clouds have been compared with equivalent results obtained for QSO
sight lines at similar redshifts. Our results indicate a possible excess of
absorption close to the galaxy. The mean depression at ~ 150 h_65^-1 Mpc
comoving (Omega_m=0.3, Omega_Lambda=0.7) from the galaxy is D_A=0.36+/-0.03, to
be compared with 0.22+/-0.04, expected from a best fit to QSO sight lines. In
the same region (z=2.610), the number density of lines with HI column density
in excess of 10^14 atoms/cm2 is also about 3 sigma larger than expected. This
high density region is at least 60 h_65^-1 Mpc comoving wide, but the large
Ly-alpha absorption of the galaxy itself prevents us from detecting a possible
structure extending down to the galaxy. This excess of Ly-alpha clouds is
suggestive of two possible scenarios. One is the presence of a super cluster of
Ly-alpha clouds not associated with cB58. The other is a high density of gas
associated with the environment of cB58. Indeed, a hint of the complexity of
cB58 and possibly its environment is given by the huge velocity range (almost
1000 km/s) between the optical emission of star forming regions and UV
absorption of its interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2540 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Low-dimensional Bose liquids: beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii


  This is a comment on the work of Kolomeisky et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1146
(2000). We point out that they are using the wrong form of the energy
functional for one-dimensional fermions. We point out two possible forms of the
energy functional, both of which can be derived from first principles but using
different methods. One is obtained from the collective field theory method,
while the other is derived from the extended Thomas-Fermi method. These two
forms of the energy functional do not support the soliton solutions which are
obtained by Kolomeisky et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74676 </DOCNO>
A New Era in Determining the Matter Density


  For decades, the determination of the mean density of matter has been tied to
observations of the distribution of light. This has led to a ``bias,'' perhaps
as large as a factor of 2, in determining a key cosmological parameter,
Omega_M. Recent measurements of the physical properties of clusters, CMB
anisotropy and the power spectrum of mass inhomogeneity have ushered in a new
era where the mass density can be measured without ``visual bias.'' The early
data lead to a consistent picture of the matter and baryon densities, from
which I infer: Omega_B = 0.039 +/- 0.0075 and Omega_M = 0.33 +/- 0.035. Over
the next few years knowledge of Omega_M will improve significantly, enabling
many ``secondary uses,'' from determining the equation-of-state of the dark
energy to probing star-formation history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1235 </DOCNO>
Active Membrane Fluctuations Studied by Micropipet Aspiration


  We present a detailed analysis of the micropipet experiments recently
reported in J-B. Manneville et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4356--4359 (1999),
including a derivation of the expected behaviour of the membrane tension as a
function of the areal strain in the case of an active membrane, i.e.,
containing a nonequilibrium noise source. We give a general expression, which
takes into account the effect of active centers both directly on the membrane,
and on the embedding fluid dynamics, keeping track of the coupling between the
density of active centers and the membrane curvature. The data of the
micropipet experiments are well reproduced by the new expressions. In
particular, we show that a natural choice of the parameters quantifying the
strength of the active noise explains both the large amplitude of the observed
effects and its remarkable insensitivity to the active-center density in the
investigated range. [Submitted to Phys Rev E, 22 March 2001]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124340 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Keck HIRES spectra of early L-type dwarfs


  We present analyses of high resolution and medium resolution spectra of early
L dwarfs. We used our latest set of model atmospheres to reproduce and analyze
the observed features. We can model the optical flux and the atomic line
profiles with the best accuracy to date. The models used to reproduce the
observations include dust condensation and dust opacities. Compared to previous
studies using older models we find that our dust treatment is much improved.
The derived parameters for the objects are well in the expected range for old
very low mass objects. This is also supported by the absence of Li in most of
the objects. For the objects showing Li we can be almost certain that those are
brown dwarfs. However, a spectral analysis in general, and this one in
particular can only very roughly determine mass and age.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124971 </DOCNO>
Late AGB Magnetic Cycles: MHD Solutions for the HST PN Rings


  The Hubble Space Telescope has revealed the existence of multiple, regularly
spaced, and faint concentric shells around some planetary nebulae. Here we
present 2(1/2)D magnetohydrodinamic numerical simulations of the effects of a
solar-like magnetic cycle, with periodic polarity inversions, in the slow wind
of an AGB star. The stellar wind is modeled with a steady mass-loss at constant
velocity. This simple version of a solar-like cycle, without mass-loss
variations, is able to reproduce many properties of the observed concentric
rings. The shells are formed by pressure oscillations, which drive compressions
in the magnetized wind. These pressure oscillations are due to periodic
variations in the field intensity. The periodicity of the shells, then, is
simply a half of the magnetic cycle since each shell is formed when the
magnetic pressure goes to zero during the polarity inversion. As a consequence
of the steady mass-loss rate, the density of the shells scales as $r^{-2}$, and
their surface brightness has a steeper drop-off, as observed in the shells of
NGC 6543, the best documented case of these HST rings. Deviations from
sphericity can be generated by changing the strength of the magnetic field. For
sufficiently strong fields, a series of symmetric and equisdistant blobs are
formed at the polar axis, resembling the ones observed in He 2-90. These blobs
are originated by magnetic collimation within the expanding AGB wind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73922 </DOCNO>
Radiative B Decay in the SM


  The experimental and theoretical status of the inclusive decay B -> X_s gamma
is briefly summarized. Results from a very recent theoretical analysis are
reported. An ~11% increase in the SM prediction for BR[ B -> X_s gamma] is
found after replacing m_c^pole/m_b^pole by m_c(mu)/m_b^1S in the NLO QCD
correction. The well-known enhancement of the branching ratio by QCD logarithms
is identified as an effect of m_b-evolution in the top-quark contribution to
the amplitude. This observation helps controlling the residual
scale-dependence. The present prediction for the "total" branching ratio
differs by 1.4 sigma from the experimental world average.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5473 </DOCNO>
Developments in the negative-U modelling of the cuprate HTSC systems


  The paper deals with the many stands that go into creating the unique and
complex nature of the HTSC cuprates above Tc as below. Like its predecessors it
treats charge, not spin or lattice, as prime mover, but thus taken in the
context of the chemical bonding relevant to these copper oxides. The crucial
shell filling, negative-U, double-loading fluctuations possible there require
accessing at high valent local environment as prevails within the mixed valent,
inhomogeneous two sub-system circumstance of the HTSC materials. Close
attention is paid to the recent results from Corson, Demsar, Li, Johnson,
Norman, Varma, Gyorffy and colleagues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7513 </DOCNO>
Charge densities and charge noise in mesoscopic conductors


  We introduce a hierarchy of density of states to characterize the charge
distribution in a mesoscopic conductor. At the bottom of this hierarchy are the
partial density of states which represent the contribution to the local density
of states if both the incident and the out-going scattering channel is
prescribed. The partial density of states play a prominent role in measurements
with a scanning tunneling microscope on multiprobe conductors in the presence
of current flow. The partial density of states determine the degree of
dephasing generated by a weakly coupled voltage probe. In addition the partial
density of states determine the frequency-dependent response of mesoscopic
conductors in the presence of slowly oscillating voltages applied to the
contacts of the sample. The partial density of states permit the formulation of
a Friedel sum rule which can be applied locally. We introduce the off-diagonal
elements of the partial density of states matrix to describe charge fluctuation
processes. This generalization leads to a local Wigner-Smith life-time matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1215 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Effects on the Far-Infrared Absorption in Mn_12-acetate


  We report the far-infrared spectra of the molecular nanomagnet Mn_12-acetate
(Mn_12) as a function of temperature (5-300 K) and magnetic field (0-17 T). The
large number of observed vibrational modes is related to the low symmetry of
the molecule, and they are grouped together in clusters. Analysis of the mode
character based on molecular dynamics simulations and model compound studies
shows that all vibrations are complex; motion from a majority of atoms in the
molecule contribute to most modes. Three features involving intramolecular
vibrations of the Mn_12 molecule centered at 284, 306 and 409 cm-1 show changes
with applied magnetic field. The structure near 284 cm$^{-1}$ displays the
largest deviation with field and is mainly intensity related. A comparison
between the temperature dependent absorption difference spectra, the gradual
low-temperature cluster framework distortion as assessed by neutron diffraction
data, and field dependent absorption difference spectra suggests that this mode
may involve Mn motion in the crown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149317 </DOCNO>
Superspace approach to anomalous dimensions in {\cal N}=4 SYM


  In a {\cal N}=1 superspace setup and using dimensional regularization, we
give a general and simple prescription to compute anomalous dimensions of
composite operators in {\cal N}=4, SU(N) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory,
perturbatively in the coupling constant g. We show in general that anomalous
dimensions are responsible for the appearance of higher order poles in the
perturbative expansion of the two-point function and that their lowest
contribution can be read directly from the coefficient of the 1/\epsilon^2
pole. As a check of our procedure we rederive the anomalous dimension of the
Konishi superfield at order g^2. We then apply this procedure to the case of
the double trace, dimension 4, superfield in the 20 of SU(4) recently
considered in the literature. We find that its anomalous dimension vanishes for
all N in agreement with previous results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73538 </DOCNO>
New Underground Neutrino Observatory - GENIUS- in the New Millenium :


  Double beta decay is indispensable to solve the question of the neutrino mass
matrix together with $\nu$ oscillation experiments. The most sensitive
experiment since eight years - the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment in Gran-Sasso -
already now, with the experimental limit of < m_\nu > < 0.26 eV excludes
degenerate $\nu$ mass scenarios allowing neutrinos as hot dark matter in the
universe for the small angle MSW solution of the solar neutrino problem. It
probes cosmological models including hot dark matter already now on the level
of future satellite experiments MAP and PLANCK. It further probes many topics
of beyond Standard Model physics at the TeV scale. Future experiments should
give access to the multi-TeV range and complement on many ways the search for
new physics at future colliders like LHC and NLC. For neutrino physics GENIUS
will allow to test almost all neutrino mass scenarios allowed by the present
neutrino oscillation experiments. At the same time GENIUS will cover a wide
range of the parameter space of predictions of SUSY for neutralinos as cold
dark matter. Further it has the potential to be a real-time detector for
low-energy (pp and 7Be) solar neutrinos. A GENIUS Test Facility has just been
funded and will come into operation by end of 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96795 </DOCNO>
Crew's Euler characteristic formula fails for nonzero slopes


  A result of Crew implies that for an etale Galois p-cover of smooth proper
varieties over a field of characteristic p, the alternating sum of the p-ranks
of the cohomology groups behave like Euler characteristics in characteristic 0.
That is, the sum for the top curve equals the sum for the bottom curve times
the degree of the cover. We exhibit an example to show that this relation fails
in general if the p-rank is replaced by the part of some fixed slope (other
than 0).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83671 </DOCNO>
Disjunctive Logic Programs with Inheritance


  The paper proposes a new knowledge representation language, called DLP<,
which extends disjunctive logic programming (with strong negation) by
inheritance. The addition of inheritance enhances the knowledge modeling
features of the language providing a natural representation of default
reasoning with exceptions.
  A declarative model-theoretic semantics of DLP< is provided, which is shown
to generalize the Answer Set Semantics of disjunctive logic programs.
  The knowledge modeling features of the language are illustrated by encoding
classical nonmonotonic problems in DLP<.
  The complexity of DLP< is analyzed, proving that inheritance does not cause
any computational overhead, as reasoning in DLP< has exactly the same
complexity as reasoning in disjunctive logic programming. This is confirmed by
the existence of an efficient translation from DLP< to plain disjunctive logic
programming. Using this translation, an advanced KR system supporting the DLP<
language has been implemented on top of the DLV system and has subsequently
been integrated into DLV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83631 </DOCNO>
Disjunction and modular goal-directed proof search


  This paper explores goal-directed proof search in first-order multi-modal
logic. The key issue is to design a proof system that respects the modularity
and locality of assumptions of many modal logics. By forcing ambiguities to be
considered independently, modular disjunctions in particular can be used to
construct efficiently executable specifications in reasoning tasks involving
partial information that otherwise might require prohibitive search. To achieve
this behavior requires prior proof-theoretic justifications of logic
programming to be extended, strengthened, and combined with proof-theoretic
analyses of modal deduction in a novel way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74572 </DOCNO>
Branes on Charged Dilatonic Backgrounds: Self-Tuning, Lorentz Violations


  We construct an n+q+2 dimensional background that has dilatonic q-brane
singularities and that is charged under an antisymmetric tensor field, the
background spacetime being maximally symmetric in n-dimensions with constant
curvature k=0,+1,-1. For k=1 the bulk solutions correspond to black q-branes.
For k=0,-1 the geometry resembles the `white hole' region of the
Reissner-N"ordstrom solution with a past Cauchy horizon. The metric between the
(timelike) singularity and the horizon is static whereas beyond the horizon it
is cosmological. In the particular case of q=0, we study the motion of a
codimension one n-brane in these charged dilatonic backgrounds that interpolate
between the original scalar self-tuning and the black hole geometry and provide
a way to avoid the naked singularity problem and/or the need of having exotic
matter on the brane. These backgrounds are asymmetrically warped and so break
4D Lorentz symmetry in a way that is safe for particle physics but may lead to
faster than light propagation in the gravitational sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72572 </DOCNO>
Resolving SM-like scenarios via Higgs boson production at a Photon


  We consider the possibility that after operations at the LHC and e^+e^-
Linear Colliders a Higgs boson will be discovered, but no signal of New Physics
will be found (Standard-Model-like scenario). This can occur in the Standard
Model (SM) as well as in other models, including the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model
(2HDM), the MSSM, etc. Experiments at a Photon Collider can resolve these
cases.
  In this paper we compare the SM and the 2HDM~(II). In the analysis we use as
independent quantities the ratios, to the SM values, of couplings of the
observed Higgs boson to gauge bosons, and to up and down-type quarks (basic
couplings). We derive a relation between these ratios within the 2HDM~(II), a
pattern relation. With the aid of this relation, different possible
realizations of an SM-like scenario are found. For these realizations, we
calculate the loop couplings of the Higgs boson with \gamma\gamma and Z \gamma,
and also with gluons, taking into account the expected accuracy in the
measurements of the basic couplings. The obtained deviation of the two-photon
width from its SM value is generally higher than the expected inaccuracy in the
measurement of \Gamma_{\gamma \gamma} at a Photon Collider. The result is
sensitive to the parameters of the Higgs self interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 937 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Dimension in the Solution of the Barenblatt's Equation


  A new method is presented to obtain the anomalous dimension in the solution
of the Barenblatt's equation. The result is the same as that in the
renormalization group (RG) approach. It gives us insight on the perturbative
solution of the Barenblatt's equation in the RG approach. Based on this
discussion, an improvement is made to take into account, in more complete way,
the nonlinear effect, which is included in the Heaviside function in higher
orders. This improved result is better than that in RG approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125928 </DOCNO>
Optical and Infrared Photometry of the Type Ia Supernovae 1999da,


  We present BVRI photometry of the Type Ia supernovae 1999da, 1999dk, 1999gp,
2000bk, and 2000ce, plus infrared photometry of three of these. These objects
exhibit the full range of decline rates of Type Ia supernovae. Combined optical
and infrared data show that families of V - infrared color curves can be used
to derive the host extinction (A_V) of these objects. Existing data do not yet
allow us to construct these loci for all color indices and supernova decline
rates, but the V-K color evolution is sufficiently uniform that it allows the
determination of host extinction over a wide range of supernova decline rates
to an accuracy of roughly +/- 0.1 mag. We introduce a new empirical parameter,
the mean I-band flux 20 to 40 days after maximum light, and show how it is
directly related to the decline rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148110 </DOCNO>
BPS states in M-theory and twistorial constituents


  We provide a complete algebraic description of BPS states in M-theory in
terms of primary constituents that we call BPS preons. We argue that any BPS
state preserving $k$ of the 32 supersymmetries is a composite of (32-k) BPS
preons. In particular, the BPS states corresponding to the basic M2 and M5
branes are composed of 16 BPS preons. By extending the M-algebra to a
generalized D=11 conformal superalgebra $osp(1|64)$ we relate the BPS preons
with its fundamental representation, the D=11 supertwistors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129625 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX Spectral Survey of BL Lacs - new spectra and results


  We present BeppoSAX LECS, MECS, and PDS spectra of eleven X-ray selected BL
Lacertae objects. Combining these sources with the ones presented elsewhere we
have a sample of 21 BL Lacs from the Einstein Medium Sensitivity and Einstein
Slew Survey. The sample shows strong correlations of several physical
parameters with the peak frequency of the synchrotron branch of the spectral
energy distribution. In particular the peak frequency is correlated to the
X-ray spectral shape: objects with the peak near to the X-ray band show harder
and straighter X-ray spectra than those of the low energy peaked sources. This
work shows that the recently proposed unification scenario for different types
of blazars can hold also within the class of high frequency peaked BL Lac
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123803 </DOCNO>
Morphological Evolution and the Ages of Early-Type Galaxies in Clusters


  Morphological and spectroscopic studies of high redshift clusters indicate
that a significant fraction of present-day early-type galaxies was transformed
from star forming galaxies at z<1. On the other hand, the slow luminosity
evolution of early-type galaxies and the low scatter in their color-magnitude
relation indicate a high formation redshift of their stars. In this paper we
construct models which reconcile these apparently contradictory lines of
evidence, and we quantify the effects of morphological evolution on the
observed photometric properties of early-type galaxies in distant clusters. We
show that in the case of strong morphological evolution the apparent luminosity
and color evolution of early-type galaxies are similar to that of a single age
stellar population formed at z=infinity, irrespective of the true star
formation history of the galaxies. Furthermore, the scatter in age, and hence
the scatter in color and luminosity, is approximately constant with redshift.
These results are consequences of the ``progenitor bias'': the progenitors of
the youngest low redshift early-type galaxies drop out of the sample at high
redshift. We construct models which reproduce the observed evolution of the
number fraction of early-type galaxies in rich clusters and their color and
luminosity evolution simultaneously. Our modelling indicates that approx. 50%
of early-type galaxies were transformed from other galaxy types at z<1, and
their progenitor galaxies may have had roughly constant star formation rates
prior to morphological transformation. After correcting the observed evolution
of the mean M/L_B ratio for the maximum progenitor bias we find that the mean
luminosity weighted formation redshift of stars in early-type galaxies
z_*=2.0^{+0.3}_{-0.2} for Omega_m=0.3 and Omega_Lambda=0.7. [ABRIDGED]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74225 </DOCNO>
Einstein equations for an asymmetric brane-world


  We consider a brane-world of co-dimension one without the reflection symmetry
that is commonly imposed between the two sides of the brane. Using the
coordinate-free formalism of the Gauss-Codacci equations, we derive the
effective Einstein equations by relating the local curvature to the matter on
the brane in the case when its bare tension is much larger than the localized
matter, and hence show that Einstein gravity is a natural consequence of such
models in the weak field limit. We find agreement with the recently derived
cosmological case, which can be solved exactly, and point out that such models
can be realized naturally in the case where there is a minimally coupled form
field in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98019 </DOCNO>
Structure of Binary Sequences


  The distribution of a given sequence in the set of all sequences with n ones
and m = M - n zeros are found by relating the problem to the partitions of a
natural number in m natural summands, taking into account the order. The
formulas obtained have many applications both in Physics and Mathematics.
Examples discussed in the present paper are: non Markovian chains, partition
functions of binary alloys and Ising magnets, generalized Kaplansky lemma,
generalized Fibonacci numbers and a general expansion of \sum_{h=0}^{m} h^{r}
{\binom{m}{h}}^{2} in terms of the Stirling numbers of second kind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98496 </DOCNO>
Canonical Nonlinear Connections on Jet Bundles of First Order


  The aim of this paper is to open the problem of construction of a nonlinear
connection $\Gamma=(M^{(i)}_{(\alpha)\beta}, N^{(i)}_{(\alpha)j})$ on the jet
bundle of first order $J^1(T,M)$, which to be canonically produced by a
Kronecker product vertical metrical d-tensor
$G^{(\alpha)(\beta)}_{(i)(j)}=h^{\alpha\beta}g_{ij}$, possibly provided by
multi-time dependent quadratic Lagrangians coming from various branches of
theoretical physics: bosonic strings theory, electrodynamics or elasticity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124428 </DOCNO>
Abundances in Stars from the Red Giant Branch Tip to the Near Main


  We present [Ffe/H] abundance results that involve a sample of stars with a
wide range in luminosity from luminous giants to stars near the turnoff in a
globular cluster. Our sample of 25 stars in M71 includes 10 giant stars more
luminous than the RHB, 3 horizontal branch stars, 9 giant stars less luminous
than the RHB, and 3 stars near the turnoff. We analyzed both Fe I and Fe II
lines in high dispersion spectra observed with HIRES at the W. M. Keck
Observatory. We find that the [Fe/H] abundances from both Fe I and Fe II lines
agree with each other and with earlier determinations. Also the [Fe/H] obtained
from Fe I and Fe II lines is constant within the rather small uncertainties for
this group of stars over the full range in Teff and luminosity, suggesting that
NLTE effects are negligible in our iron abundance determination. In this
globular cluster, there is no difference among the mean [Fe/H] of giant stars
located at or above the RHB, RHB stars, giant stars located below the RHB and
stars near the turnoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41390 </DOCNO>
Observation of an excess in the ALEPH search for the Standard Model


  The ALEPH search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the year 2000 revealed
an excess of signal-like events, consistent with a signal hypothesis mh=115
GeV/c2. Here we present the first results after the analysis of all of the data
collected during the year 2000, at collision energies up to 209 GeV, and which
were published in November 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168698 </DOCNO>
Pairwise entanglement in symmetric multi-qubit systems


  The concurrence, a quantitative measure of the entanglement between a pair of
particles, is determined for the case where the pair is extracted from a
symmetric state of N two-level systems. Examples are given for both pure and
mixed states of the N-particle system, and for a pair extracted from two
ensembles with correlated collective spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2574 </DOCNO>
Schroedinger uncertainty relation and its minimization states


  An introductory survey on the Schroedinger uncertainty relation and its
minimization states is presented with minimal number of formulas and some
historical points. The case of the two canonical observables, position and
momentum, is discussed in greater detail: basic properties of the two subsets
of minimization states (canonical squeezed and coherent states) are reviewed
and compared. The case of two non-canonical observables is breafly outlined.
Stanfard SU(1,1) and SU(2) group-related coherent states can be defined as
states that minimize Schroedinger inequality for the three pairs of generators
simultaneously. The symmetry of the Heisenberg and Schroedinger relations is
also discussed, and two natural generalizations to the cases of several
observables and several states are noted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6729 </DOCNO>
Vortex Motion Noise in Micrometre-Sized Thin Films of Amorphous


  We report high-resolution measurements of voltage (V) noise in the mixed
state of micrometre-sized thin films of amorphous Nb0.7Ge0.3, which is a good
representative of weak-pinning superconductors. There is a remarkable
difference between the noise below and above the irreversibility field Birr.
Below Birr, in the presence of measurable pinning, the noise at small applied
currents resembles shot noise, and in the regime of flux flow at larger
currents decreases with increasing voltage due to a progressive ordering of the
vortex motion. At magnetic fields B between Birr and the upper critical field
Bc2 flux flow is present already at vanishingly small currents. In this regime
the noise scales with (1-B/Bc2)^2 V^2 and has a frequency (f) spectrum of 1/f
type. We interpret this noise in terms of the properties of strongly driven
depinned vortex systems at high vortex density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168045 </DOCNO>
Shannon entropy and blackbody radiation


  A response to criticism of the author's previous paper quant-ph/0002084.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126340 </DOCNO>
Long-Slit Observations of Extended C II 1335 Emission Around V854


  We have obtained long-slit far-ultraviolet (1150--1730 A) spectra of the R
Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars V854 Cen and RY Sgr, near maximum light and
pulsational phase zero, with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on
Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The far-UV spectrum of each star shows a
photospheric continuum rising steeply toward longer wavelengths, and a
prominent emission feature at C II 1335. RY Sgr displays a second, but fainter,
emission attributed to Cl I 1351 (which is radiatively fluoresced by C II
1335), but Cl I is weak or absent in V854 Cen. Most surprisingly, the C II
emission of V854 Cen is significantly extended along the slit by +/- 2.5
arcsec, about 6 x 10^3 AU at the distance of the star. The C II feature of RY
Sgr exhibits no such gross extension. Nevertheless, subtle broadenings of the C
II emissions beyond the point response profile suggests inner clouds of radius
\~0.1 arcsec (250 AU) around both stars. V854 Cen is only the third RCB star
after R CrB and UW Cen known to have a resolved shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123684 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis in classical novae


  A general review of the relevance of classical novae for the chemical
evolution of the Galaxy, as well as for Galactic radioactivity is presented. A
special emphasis is put on the pioneering work done by Jim Truran in this field
of research. The impact of recent developments in nuclear astrophysics on nova
nucleosynthesis, together with the prospects for observability of novae
radioactivities with the INTEGRAL satellite are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128885 </DOCNO>
Flux ratios as a probe of dark substructures in quadruple-image


  We demonstrate that the flux ratios of 4-image lensed quasars provide a
powerful means of probing the small scale structure of Dark Matter (DM) halos.
A family of smooth lens models can precisely predict certain combinations of
flux ratios using only the positions of the images and lens as inputs. Using 5
observed lens systems we show that real galaxies {\it cannot} be described by
smooth singular isothermal ellipsoids, nor by the more general elliptical
power-law potentials. Large scale distortions from the elliptical models can
not yet be ruled out. Nevertheless we find, by comparing with simulations, that
the data can be accounted for by a significant ($\sim 5-10%$) amount of dark
substructures within a projected distance of several kpc from the center of
lenses. This interpretation favors the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model other the
warm or self-interacting DM models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124243 </DOCNO>
Galactosynthesis Predictions at High Redshift


  We predict the Tully-Fisher (TF) and surface-brightness--magnitude relation
for disk galaxies at z=3 and discuss the origin of these scaling relations
and their scatter. We show that the variation of the TF relation with redshift
can be a potentially powerful discriminator of galaxy-formation models. In
particular, the TF relation at high redshift might be used to break parameter
degeneracies among galactosynthesis models at z=0, as well as to constrain
the redshift distribution of collapsing dark-matter halos, the star-formation
history and baryon fraction in the disk, and the distribution of halo spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7264 </DOCNO>
Cell model and Poisson-Boltzmann theory: A brief introduction


  The cell-model and its treatment on the Poisson-Boltzmann level are two
important concepts in the theoretical description of charged macromolecules. In
this brief contribution to the Proceedings of the NATO-ASI on ``Electrostatic
Effects in Soft Matter and Biophysics'', which took place in Les Houches from
Oct. 1-13, 2000, we provide an introduction to both ideas and summarize a few
important results which can be obtained from them. We outline the sequence of
approximations which ultimately lead to the cell-model. Then we present two
exact results, namely, an expression for the osmotic pressure and a formula for
the ion density at the surface of the macromolecule, known as the contact value
theorem. The next section provides a derivation of the Poisson-Boltzmann
equation from a variational principle and the assumption of a product state.
Afterwards we apply Poisson-Boltzmann theory to the cell-model of linear
polyelectrolytes. In particular, the behavior of the exact solution in the
limit of zero density is compared to the concept of Manning condensation.
Finally, we demonstrate how a system described by a cell model can be coupled
to a salt reservoir, i.e., how the so-called Donnan equilibrium is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 876 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological theory of the 3 Kelvin phase in Sr2RuO4


  We model the 3K-phase of Sr2RuO4 with Ru-metal inclusion as interface state
with locally enhanced transition temperatures. The resulting 3K-phase must have
a different pairing symmetry than the bulk phase of Sr2RuO4, because the
symmetry at the interface is lower than in the bulk. It is invariant under time
reversal and a second transition, in general, above the onset of bulk
superconductivity is expected where time reversal symmetry is broken. The
nucleation of the 3K-phase exhibits a ``capillary effect'' which can lead to
frustration phenomena for the superconducting states on different
Ru-inclusions. Furthermore, the phase structure of the pair wave function gives
rise to zero-energy quasiparticle states which would be visible in
quasiparticle tunneling spectra. Additional characteristic properties are
associated with the upper critical field Hc2. The 3K-phase has a weaker
anisotropy of Hc2 between the inplane and z-axis orientation than the bulk
superconducting phase. This is connected with the more isotropic nature
Ru-metal which yields a stronger orbital depairing effect for the inplane
magnetic field than in the strongly layered Sr$_2RuO4. An anomalous temperature
dependence for the z-axis critical field is found due to the coupling of the
magnetic field to the order parameter texture at the interface. Various other
experiments are discussed and new measurements are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5278 </DOCNO>
Dispersion Coefficients by a Field-Theoretic Renormalization of Fluid


  We consider subtle correlations in the scattering of fluid by randomly placed
obstacles, which have been suggested to lead to a diverging dispersion
coefficient at long times for high Peclet numbers, in contrast to finite
mean-field predictions. We develop a new master equation description of the
fluid mechanics that incorporates the physically relevant fluctuations, and we
treat those fluctuations by a renormalization group procedure. We find a finite
dispersion coefficient at low volume fraction of disorder and high Peclet
numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113622 </DOCNO>
Gordian Unknots


  Numerical simulations indicate that there exist conformations of the unknot,
tied on a finite piece of rope, entangled in such a manner, that they cannot be
disentangled to the torus conformation without cutting the rope. The simplest
example of such a gordian unknot is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86549 </DOCNO>
Induction and Amplification of Non-Newtonian Gravitational Fields


  One obtains a Maxwell-like structure of gravitation by applying the
weak-field approximation to the well accepted theory of general relativity or
by extending Newton's laws to time-dependent systems. This splits gravity in
two parts, namely a gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic (or cogravitational)
one. Due to the obtained similar structure between gravitation and
electromagnetism, one can express one field by the other one using a coupling
constant depending on the mass to charge ratio of the field source.
Calculations of induced gravitational fields using state-of-the-art fusion
plasmas reach only accelerator threshold values for laboratory testing.
Possible amplification mechanisms are mentioned in the literature and need to
be explored. The possibility of using the principle of equivalence in the weak
field approximation to induce non-Newtonian gravitational fields and the
influence of electric charge on the free fall of bodies are also investigated,
leading to some additional experimental recommendations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129372 </DOCNO>
A Comparative Study of the Absolute-Magnitude Distributions of


  The Asiago Supernova Catalog is used to carry out a comparative study of
supernova absolute-magnitude distributions. An overview of the absolute
magnitudes of the supernovae in the current observational sample is presented,
and the evidence for subluminous and overluminous events is examined. The
fraction of supernovae that are underluminous (M_B > -15) appears to be higher
(perhaps much higher) than one fifth but it remains very uncertain. The
fraction that are overluminous (M_B < -20) is lower (probably much lower) than
0.01. The absolute-magnitude distributions for each supernova type, restricted
to events within 1 Gpc, are compared. Although these distributions are affected
by observational bias in favor of the more luminous events, they are useful for
comparative studies. We find mean absolute blue magnitudes (for H_0=60) of
-19.46 for normal Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), -18.04 for SNe Ibc, -17.61 and
-20.26 for normal and bright SNe Ibc considered separately, -18.03 for SNe
II-L, -17.56 and -19.27 for normal and bright SNe II-L considered separately,
-17.00 for SNe II-P, and -19.15 for SNe IIn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149749 </DOCNO>
Dirac-K\"ahler Equation (Review)


  Tensor and matrix formulations of Dirac-K\"ahler equation for massive and
massless fields are considered. The equation matrices obtained are simple
linear combinations of matrix elements in the 16-dimensional space. The
projection matrix-dyads defining all the 16 independent equation solutions are
found. A method of computing the traces of 16-dimensional Petiau-Duffin-Kemmer
matrix product is considered. It is shown that the symmetry group of the
Dirac-K\"ahler tensor fields is SO(4,2). The conservation currents
corresponding this symmetry are constructed. Supersymmetry of the
Dirac-K\"ahler fields with tensor and spinor parameters is analyzed. We show
the possibility of constructing a gauge model of interacting Dirac-K\"ahler
fields where the gauge group is the noncompact group under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126199 </DOCNO>
Galaxy clustering in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) : A first


  We compare the large scale galaxy clustering in the new SDSS early data
release (EDR) with the clustering in the APM Galaxy Survey. We cut out pixel
maps (identical in size and shape) from the SDSS and APM data to allow a direct
comparison of the clustering. Here we concentrate our analysis on an equatorial
SDSS strip in the South Galactic Cap (EDR/SGC) with 166 deg^2, 2.5 wide and 65
degrees long. Only galaxies with Petrosian magnitudes 16.8 <g'<19.8 are
included to match the surface density of the 17< b_J<20 APM pixel maps (median
depth of 400 Mpc/h). Both the amplitude and shape of the angular 2-point
function and variance turn out to be in very good agreement with the APM on
scales smaller than 2 degrees (ie 15 Mpc/h). The 3-point function and skewness
are also in excellent agreement within a 90% confidence level. On one hand
these results illustrate that the EDR data and SDSS software pipelines, work
well and are suitable to do analysis of large scale clustering. On the other
hand it confirms that large scale clustering analysis is becoming "repeatable"
and therefore that our conclusions for structure formation models seem to stand
on solid scientific grounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73276 </DOCNO>
Thermal versus Direct $J/\Psi$ Production in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion


  The production of $J/\Psi$ mesons in central collisions of heavy nuclei is
investigated as a function of collision energy. Two contributions are
considered simultaneously: early (hard) production coupled with subsequent
suppression in a Quark-Gluon Plasma, as well as thermal recombination of
primordially produced $c$ and $\bar c$ quarks at the hadronization transition.
Whereas the former still constitutes the major fraction of the observed
$J/\Psi$ abundance at SpS energies, the latter dominates the yield at RHIC. The
resulting excitation function for the number of $J/\Psi$'s over open charm
pairs exhibits nontrivial structure around $\sqrt{s} \simeq 30$ AGeV, evolving
into a significant rise towards maximal RHIC energy. We study this feature
within different (thermal) scenarios for $J/\Psi$ suppression, including
parton-induced quasifree destruction as a novel mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127700 </DOCNO>
Formation and Disruption of Globular Star Clusters


  In the first part of this article, we review observations of the mass and
luminosity functions of young and old star cluster systems. We also review some
of the physical processes that may determine the characteristic mass of
globular clusters and the form of their mass function. In the second part of
this article, we summarize our models for the disruption of clusters and the
corresponding evolution of the mass function. Much of our focus here is on
understanding why the mass function of globular clusters has no more than a
weak dependence on radius within their host galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125391 </DOCNO>
The Influence of the Gravitational Acceleration on the Supernova-Driven


  Within a framework of 2D MHD simulations, we explore the dynamical regimes
initi ated by a supernova explosion in a magnetized stratified ISM. We
concentrate on the formation of large scale magnetic structures and outflows
connected with the Parker instability. For the sake of simplicity we show only
models with a fixed explosion energy corresponding to a single SN occuring in
host galaxies with different fixed values of the gravitational acceleration $g$
and different ratios of specific heats. We show that in general depending on
these two parameters, three different regimes are possible: a) a slowly growing
Parker instability on time scales much longer than the galac tic rotation
period for small $g$, b) the Parker instability growing at roughly the rotation
period, which for ratios of specific heats larger than 1 is accompanied byan
outflow resulting from the explosion for intermediate $g$, and c) a rapidly g
rowing instability and a strong blowout flow for large $g$. By means of
numerical simul ations and analytical estimates we show that the explosion
energy and gravitational acceleration which separate the three regimes scale as
$Eg^2\sim $const in the 2D case. We expect that in the 3D case this scaling law
is $Eg^3\sim $const. Our simulations demonstrate furthermore, that a single SN
explosion can lead to the growth of multiple Parker loops in the disc and large
scale magnetic field loops in the halo, extending over 2-3 kpc horizontally and
up to 3 kpc vertically abov e the midplane of the disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148812 </DOCNO>
Dynamical symmetry algebra of the Calogero model


  We study the dynamical symmetry algebra of the N-body Calogero model
describing the structure of degenerate levels and demonstrate that the algebra
is intrisically polynomial. We discuss some general properties of an algebra of
S_N-symmetric operators acting on the S_N-symmetric subspace of the Fock space
for any statistical parameter \nu. In the bosonic case (\nu=0) we find the
algebra of generators for every N. For \nu\neq 0, we explicitly reproduce the
finite algebra for the 4-particle model, demonstrating some general features of
our construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74362 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Masses from Non-minimal Gravitational Interactions of Massive


  A new mechanism is proposed for generating neutrino masses radiatively
through a non-minimal coupling to gravity of fermionic bilinears involving
massive neutral fermions. Such coupling terms can arise in theories where the
gravity sector is augmented by a scalar field. They necessarily violate the
principle of equivalence, but such violations are not ruled out by present
experiments. It is shown that the proposed mechanism is realised most
convincingly in theories of the Randall- Sundrum type, where gravity couples
strongly in the TeV range. The mechanism has the potential for solving both the
solar and atmospheric neutrino problems. The smallness of neutrino masses in
this scenario is due to the fact that the interaction of the massive neutral
fermions arises entirely from higher-dimensional operators in the effective
Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86790 </DOCNO>
Born-Infeld generalization of the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole


  In this work we study the trajectories of test particles in a geometry that
is the nonlinear electromagnetic generalization of the Reissner-Nordstrom
solution. The studied spacetime is a Einstein-Born-Infeld solution, nonsingular
outside a regular event horizon and characterized by three parameters: mass
$M$, charge $Q$ and the Born-Infeld parameter $b$ related to the magnitude of
the electric field at the origin. Asymptotically it is a Reissner-Nordstrom
solution

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113357 </DOCNO>
Yajnavalkya and the Origins of Puranic Cosmology


  This paper shows that characteristic features of Puranic cosmology, such as
alternating cosmic continents and oceans of successively doubling areas, can be
traced to Vedic texts. The Rigveda speaks of seven regions of the universe, and
Yajnavalkya, in Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, presents a cosmology that has all the
essential features of the Puranic system. This discovery solves the old puzzle
of the origin of Puranic astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72341 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: Upper Limit on Omega_b and


  We examine the Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) process in the presence of
small-scale baryon inhomogeneities. Primordial abundance yields for D, He4,
Li6, Li7, Be9, and B11 are computed for wide ranges of parameters
characterizing the inhomogeneities taking account of all relevant diffusive and
hydrodynamic processes. These calculations may be of interest due to (a) recent
observations of the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation
favoring slightly larger baryonic contribution to the critical density,
Omega_b, than allowed by a standard BBN scenario and (b) new observational
determinations of Li6 and Be9 in metal-poor halo stars. We find considerable
parameter space in which production of D and He4 is in agreement with
observational constraints even for Omega_b h^2 a factor 2-3 larger than the
Omega_b inferred from standard BBN. Nevertheless, in this parameter space
synthesis of Li7 in excess of the inferred Li7 abundance on the Spite plateau
results. Production of Li6, Be9, and B11 in inhomogeneous BBN scenarios is
still typically well below the abundance of these isotopes observed in the most
metal-poor stars to date thus neither confirming nor rejecting inhomogeneous
BBN. In an appendix we summarize results of a reevaluation of baryon diffusion
constants entering inhomogeneous BBN calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149378 </DOCNO>
Spinors and Supersymmetry


  In this paper, we survey the nature of spinors and supersymmetry (SUSY) in
various types of spaces. We treat two distinct types of spaces: flat spaces and
spaces of constant (non-zero) curvature. The flat spaces we consider are either
three or four dimensional of signatures 3 + 1, 4 + 0, 2 + 2 and 3 + 0. In each
of these cases, SUSY generators anti-commute to yield the generators of
translations in the non-compact flat spaces. The spaces of constant curvature
we consider are two-dimensional: the surface of the sphere S_2 and the
Anti-deSitter space AdS_2. S_2 is embedded in a 3 + 0 Euclidean space while
AdS_2 is embedded in 2 + 1 Minkowski space. The SUSY generators in these cases
anti-commute to yield the generators of the isometry groups (SO(3) or SO(2,1))
of the space involved. We also report on some recent developments in looking
for superspace realizations of these SUSY algebras. We can report good progress
in the 3 + 0 Euclidean and in the AdS_2 case, somewhat less in the S_2 case. In
each of the compact cases, we can construct field multiplet models carrying
invariance under the full SUSY algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148037 </DOCNO>
Casimir Effect for a Dielectric Wedge


  The Casimir effect is considered for a wedge with opening angle $\alpha $,
with perfectly conducting walls, when the interior region is filled with an
isotropic and nondispersive medium with permittivity $\epsilon $ and
permeability $\mu $. The electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor in the bulk is
calculated, together with the surface stress on the walls. A discussion is
given on the possibilities for measuring the influence of the medium, via the
Casimir-Polder force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73907 </DOCNO>
Physics Potential of Very Intense Conventional Neutrino Beams


  The physics potential of high intensity conventional beams is explored. We
consider a low energy super beam which could be produced by a proposed new
accelerator at CERN, the Super Proton Linac. Water Cherenkov and liquid oil
scintillator detectors are studied as possible candidates for a neutrino
oscillation experiment which could improve our current knowledge of the
atmospheric parameters and measure or severely constrain the parameter
connecting the atmospheric and solar realms. It is also shown that a very large
water detector could eventually observe leptonic CP violation. The reach of
such an experiment to the neutrino mixing parameters would lie in-between the
next generation of neutrino experiments (MINOS, OPERA, etc) and a future
neutrino factory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2185 </DOCNO>
Dynamic structure selection and instabilities of driven Josephson


  We investigate the dynamics of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered
high-T$_{c}$ superconductors at high magnetic fields. Starting from coupled
equations for superconducting phases and magnetic field we derive equations for
the relative displacements [phase shifts] between the planar Josephson arrays
in the layers. These equations reveal two families of steady-state solutions:
lattices with constant phase shifts between neighboring layers, starting from
zero for a rectangular configuration to $\pi$ for a triangular configuration,
and double-periodic lattices. We find that the excess Josephson current is
resonantly enhanced when the Josephson frequency matches the frequency of the
plasma mode at the wave vector selected by the lattice structure. The regular
lattices exhibit several kinds of instabilities. We find stability regions of
the moving lattice in the plane lattice structure - Josephson frequency. A
specific lattice structure at given velocity is selected uniquely by boundary
conditions, which are determined by the reflection properties of
electromagnetic waves generated by the moving lattice. With increase of
velocity the moving configuration experiences several qualitative
transformations. At small velocities the regular lattice is stable and the
phase shift between neighboring layers smoothly decreases with increase of
velocity, starting from $\pi$ for a static lattice. At the critical velocity
the lattice becomes unstable. At even higher velocity a regular lattice is
restored again with the phase shift smaller than $\pi/2$. With increase of
velocity, the structure evolves towards a rectangular configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76667 </DOCNO>
Oscillation effects on neutrino decoupling in the early universe


  In the early universe, neutrinos decouple from equilibrium with the
electromagnetic plasma at a temperature which is only slightly higher than the
temperature where electrons and positrons annihilate. Therefore neutrinos to
some extent share in the entropy transfer from e^+e^- to other species, and
their final temperature is slightly higher than the canonical value T_nu =
(4/11)^{1/3} T_gamma. We study neutrino decoupling in the early universe with
effects of neutrino oscillations included, and find that the change in neutrino
energy density from e^+ e^- annihilations can be about 2-3% higher if
oscillation are included. The primordial helium abundance can be changed by as
much as 1.5 x 10^-4 by neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148701 </DOCNO>
Coset Construction of $Spin(7), G_2$ Gravitational Instantons


  We study Ricci-flat metrics on non-compact manifolds with the exceptional
holonomy $Spin(7), G_2$. We concentrate on the metrics which are defined on
${\bf R} \times G/H$. If the homogeneous coset spaces $G/H$ have weak $G_2$,
SU(3) holonomy, the manifold ${\bf R} \times G/H$ may have $Spin(7), G_2$
holonomy metrics. Using the formulation with vector fields, we investigate the
metrics with $Spin(7)$ holonomy on ${\bf R}\times Sp(2)/Sp(1), {\bf R}\times
SU(3)/U(1)$. We have found the explicit volume-preserving vector fields on
these manifold using the elementary coordinate parameterization. This
construction is essentially dual to solving the generalized self-duality
condition for spin connections. We present most general differential equations
for each coset. Then, we develop the similar formulation in order to calculate
metrics with $G_2$ holonomy

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3117 </DOCNO>
Observation of the second harmonic in superconducting current-phase


  The superconducting current-phase relation (CPR) of Nb/Au/(001)YBa2Cu3Ox
heterojunctions prepared on epitaxial c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3Ox thin films has
been measured in a single-junction interferometer. For the first time, the
second harmonic of the CPR of such junctions has been observed. The appearance
of the second harmonic and the relative sign of the first and second harmonics
of the CPR can be explained assuming, that the macroscopic pairing symmetry of
our YBa2Cu3Ox thin films is of the d+s type

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114429 </DOCNO>
A scale invariant Bayesian method to solve linear inverse problems


  In this paper we propose a new Bayesian estimation method to solve linear
inverse problems in signal and image restoration and reconstruction problems
which has the property to be scale invariant. In general, Bayesian estimators
are {\em nonlinear} functions of the observed data. The only exception is the
Gaussian case. When dealing with linear inverse problems the linearity is
sometimes a too strong property, while {\em scale invariance} often remains a
desirable property. As everybody knows one of the main difficulties with using
the Bayesian approach in real applications is the assignment of the direct
(prior) probability laws before applying the Bayes' rule. We discuss here how
to choose prior laws to obtain scale invariant Bayesian estimators. In this
paper we discuss and propose a familly of generalized exponential probability
distributions functions for the direct probabilities (the prior $p(\xb)$ and
the likelihood $p(\yb|\xb)$), for which the posterior $p(\xb|\yb)$, and,
consequently, the main posterior estimators are scale invariant. Among many
properties, generalized exponential can be considered as the maximum entropy
probability distributions subject to the knowledge of a finite set of
expectation values of some knwon functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125117 </DOCNO>
Chemical Enrichment at High Redshifts: Understanding the Nature of


  We use cosmological hydrodynamical simulations including star formation and
metal enrichment to study the evolution of the chemical properties of
galaxy-like objects at high redshift in the range $0.25<z< 2.35$ in a
hierarchical clustering scenario. As the galactic objects are assembled we find
that their gaseous components exhibit neutral Hydrogen column densities with
abundances and scatter comparable to those observed in damped Lyman-$\alpha$
systems (DLAs).The unweighted mean of abundance ratios and least square linear
regressions through the simulated DLAs yield intrinsic metallicity evolution
for the [Zn/H] and [Fe/H], consistent with results obtained from similar
analysis of available observations. Our model statistically reproduces the mild
evolution detected in the metallicity of the neutral hydrogen content of the
Universe, given by mass-weighted means,if observational constraints are
considered (as suggested by Boiss\'ee et al. 1998). For the $\alpha$-elements
in the simulated DLAs, we find neither enhancement nor dependence on
metallicity. Our results support the hypotheses that DLAs trace a variety of
galactic objects with different formation histories and that both SNI and SNII
are contributing to the chemical enrichment of the gas component at least since
$z \approx 2$. This study indicates that DLAs could be understood as the
building blocks that merged to form today normal galaxies within a hierarchical
clustering scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5183 </DOCNO>
Anomalous fluxon properties of layered superconductors


  I review anomalous single and multi-fluxon properties of Stacked Josephson
junctions (SJJ's). Throughout the paper I compare analytical, numerical and
experimental results both for intrinsic HTSC and artificial low-$T_c$ SJJ's.
  Table of Contents:
  1. Introduction.
  2. General Relations.
  3. A Single Fluxon:
  3.1. Approximate fluxon solution,
  3.2. Decoupling of phase and field,
  3.3. N-dependence and assymptotics,
  3.4. Flux-flow characteristics,
  3.5. Cherenkov radiation.
  4. Multi-Fluxon Configurations:
  4.1. Quasi-equilibrium fluxon modes and submodes,
  4.2. Multiple-valued critical current,
  4.3. Magnetic field dependence of the critical current,
  4.4. Multiple flux-flow sub-branches.
  5. Conclusions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73576 </DOCNO>
A Microscopic View of Parton $k_T$ Effects In High $p_T$ Processes


  A microscopic mechanism is proposed for understanding the rather large $k_T$
effects ($<k_T>$ = $1-1.5 GeV/c$, as yet unaccounted for by hard QCD), found by
the Fermilab E706 Collaboration for 530 and 800 GeV/c protons incident on light
nuclear targets (mass $A$) like Be. The essential idea is that such high
incident projectile momenta tend to break up the confinement barriers for the
quark-partons residing in the individual nucleonic constituents of the target
nucleus that fall in a tube-like zone around the projectile's path, so that
these particles tend to behave as a collection of quark-partons confronting the
beam. Using simple combinatorial principles, the resultant $<k_T>^2$ value
works out as $(3A_{eff}-1) \beta^2$, where $A_{eff}$ is the number of affected
nucleons in the tube-like zone, and $\beta$ is a scale parameter derived from
the basic quark-pair interaction. Using the previously found results of a
Bethe-Salpeter model (attuned to $q{\bar q}$ and $qqq$ spectroscopy), one in
which a key ingredient is the infrared part of the gluon propagator, giving
$\beta^2= 0.068 GeV^2$, the desired $<k_T>$ range is reproduced, suggesting the
persistence of $soft$ QCD effects even at high $p_T$. Keywords: Direct photon;
high-$p_T$ reaction; parton $k_T$ distribution; soft-QCD effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 536 </DOCNO>
Polymer reptation and nucleosome repositioning


  We consider how beads can diffuse along a chain that wraps them, without
becoming displaced from the chain; our proposed mechanism is analogous to the
reptation of "stored length" in more familiar situations of polymer dynamics.
The problem arises in the case of globular aggregates of proteins (histones)
that are wound by DNA in the chromosomes of plants and animals; these beads
(nucleosomes) are multiply wrapped and yet are able to reposition themselves
over long distances, while remaining bound by the DNA chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97854 </DOCNO>
Unitary Tridiagonalisation in M(4, C)


  A question of interest in Linear Algebra is whether all n x n complex
matrices can be unitarily tridiagonalised. The answer for all n not equal to 4
(affirmative or negative) has been known for a while, whereas the case n=4
seems to have remained open. In this paper, we settle the n=4 case in the
affirmative. Some machinery from complex algebraic geometry needs to be used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75097 </DOCNO>
Response of VIRGO detectors to pre-big-bang gravitons


  The sensitivity achievable by a pair of VIRGO detectors to stochastic and
isotropic gravitational wave backgrounds produced in pre-big-bang models is
discussed in view of the development of a second VIRGO interferometer. We
describe a semi-analytical technique allowing to compute the signal-to-noise
ratio for (monotonic or non-monotonic) logarithmic energy spectra of relic
gravitons of arbitrary slope. We apply our results to the case of two
correlated and coaligned VIRGO detectors and we compute their achievable
sensitivities. We perform our calculations both for the usual case of minimal
string cosmological scenario and in the case of a non-minimal scenario where a
long dilaton dominated phase is present prior to the onset of the ordinary
radiation dominated phase. In this framework, we investigate possible
improvements of the achievable sensitivities by selective reduction of the
thermal contributions (pendulum and pendulum's internal modes) to the noise
power spectra of the detectors. Since a reduction of the shot noise does not
increase significantly the expected sensitivity of a VIRGO pair (in spite of
the relative spatial location of the two detectors) our findings support the
experimental efforts directed towards a substantial reduction of thermal noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98014 </DOCNO>
On the complexity of Hamel bases of infinite dimensional Banach spaces


  We call a subset S of a topological vector space V linearly Borel, if for
every finite number n, the set of all linear combinations of S of length n is a
Borel subset of V. It will be shown that a Hamel base of an infinite
dimensional Banach space can never be linearly Borel. This answers a question
of Anatolij Plichko.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75438 </DOCNO>
Gluon, Quark and Hadron Masses from a Modified Perturbative QCD


  The development of a Modified Perturbation Theory for QCD, introduced in
previous works, is continued. The gluon propagator is modified as consequence
of a soft gluon pairs condensate in the vacuum. The modified Feynman rules for
$\alpha=1$ are shown, and some physical magnitudes calculated with them. The
mean value of $G^{2}$, gluon masses and the effective potential are calculated
up to the $g^2$ order, improving previous calculations. In connection with the
gluon self-energy it follows that the gluonic mass shell becomes tachyonic in
the considered approximation. The constituent quarks masses, produced by the
influence of the condensate, are also calculated. Results of the order of 1/3
of the nucleon mass, are obtained for the constituent masses of the up and down
quarks. In addition, the predicted flavour dependence of the calculated quarks
masses turns out to be the appropriate to reproduce the spectrum of the ground
states within the various groups of hadronic resonances, through the simple
addition of their constituent quark masses. Finally, the generalization of the
theory for arbitrary values of the $\alpha$ gauge parameter is explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74527 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constant problems and their solutions


  There are now two cosmological constant problems: (i) why the vacuum energy
is so small and (ii) why it comes to dominate at about the epoch of galaxy
formation. Anthropic selection appears to be the only approach that can
naturally resolve both problems. The challenge presented by this approach is
that it requires scalar fields with extremely flat potentials or four-form
fields coupled to branes with an extremely small charge. Some recent
suggestions are reviewed on how such features can arise in particle physics
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5160 </DOCNO>
Lamellar phase stability in diblock copolymers under reciprocating shear


  A mesoscopic model of a diblock copolymer is used to study the stability of a
uniform lamellar phase under a reciprocating shear flow. Approximate viscosity
contrast between the microphases is allowed through a linear dependence of the
(Newtonian) shear viscosity on monomer composition. We first show that
viscosity contrast does not affect the composition of the base lamellar phase
in an unbounded geometry, and that it only couples weakly to long wavelength
perturbations. A perturbative analysis is then presented to address the
stability of uniform lamellar structures under long wavelength perturbations by
self-consistently solving for the composition and velocity fields of the
perturbations. Stability boundaries are obtained as functions of the physical
parameters of the polymer, the parameters of the flow and the initial
orientation of the lamellae. We find that all orientations are linearly stable
within specific ranges of parameters, but that the perpendicular orientation is
generally stable within a larger range than the parallel orientation. Secondary
instabilities are both of the Eckhaus type (longitudinal) and zig-zag type
(transverse). The former is not expected to lead to re-orientation of the
lamella, whereas in the second case the critical wavenumber is typically found
to be along the perpendicular orientation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179501 </DOCNO>
Nucleon deformation in finite nuclei


  The deformation of a nucleon embedded in various finite nuclei is considered
by taking into account the distortion of the chiral profile functions under the
action of an external field representing the nuclear density. The baryon charge
distribution of the nucleon inside light, medium-heavy and heavy nuclei is
discussed. The mass of the nucleon decreases as it is placed deeper inside the
nucleus and reaches its minimum at the center of the nucleus. We discuss the
quantization of non-spherical solitons and its consequences for the mass
splitting of the delta states. We show that bound nucleons acquire an intrinsic
quadrupole moment due to the deformation effects. These effects are maximal for
densities of nuclei about \rho(R)\sim 0.3...0.35 \rho(0). We also point out
that scale changes of the electromagnetic radii can not simply be described by
an overall swelling factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98428 </DOCNO>
Deformations of large fundamental groups


  A projective variety has a large fundamental group if its universal covering
has no compact subvarieties. In this paper we investigate whether the property
of a variety having a large fundamental groups is stable under K\"{a}hler
deformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168883 </DOCNO>
Schwinger, Pegg and Barnett and a relationship between angular and


  From a development of an original idea due to Schwinger, it is shown that it
is possible to recover, from the quantum description of a degree of freedom
characterized by a finite number of states (\QTR{it}{i.e}., without classical
counterpart) the usual canonical variables of position/momentum \QTR{it}{and}
angle/angular momentum, relating, maybe surprisingly, the first as a limit of
the later.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125755 </DOCNO>
New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems II: Analysis


  We examine the globular cluster systems (GCS) of a sample of 34 S0 galaxies
from a WFPC2 snapshot survey in the V and I-bands. Of these 34 galaxies, 29
have measurable globular cluster systems. The mean color of the GCSs of
individual galaxies vary from V-I=0.85 mag to V-I=1.17 mag. The average color
of GCSs in all 29 S0 galaxies, V-I=1.00 +/- 0.07 mag, is similar to the value
of V-I=1.04 +/- 0.04 derived for ellipticals in a companion paper. The mean
metallicity of a cluster system is correlated to the luminosity (or mass) of
the host galaxy, but is not dependent on the Hubble type. Our measurements of
the local specific frequency, on the other hand, confirm that the cluster
formation efficiency is a function of Hubble type. The mean local specific
frequency of our sample within the WFPC2 field-of-view is 1.0 +/- 0.6, lower
than S_(N Local)=2.4 +/- 1.8 derived for ellipticals in a similar analysis.
Although we are able to confirm a bimodal color distribution in only one galaxy
from the shallow 'snapshot' images analyzed in this paper statistical tests
suggest that 10-20% of S0s are bimodal it at the present level of photometric
accuracy. There are no significant trends in GCS properties with membership or
location of the S0 host in a galaxy cluster. We have measured the turnover
luminosity of the globular cluster luminosity function (GCLF) for the richest
few GCSs and find the GCLF distances to be in agreement with other estimates.
The globular clusters in S0 galaxies have average half-light radii of ~2.6 pc
which is similar to that of other galaxies, including our own.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1410 </DOCNO>
NMR Frequencies of a Splay Soliton in 3He-A


  Superfluid 3He-A has domain-wall like structures, which are called solitons.
We calculate numerically the structure of a splay soliton and study its effect
on the NMR spectrum by calculating the frequency and the amplitude of the
soliton peaks. We compare the results with experiments and discuss their
implications on the basic parameters of 3He.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77155 </DOCNO>
Spinors, Relativity and Nonlocality


  The Ryder relation between left- and right- spinors has been generalized in
my previous works. On this basis Ahluwalia presented a physical content
following from this generalization. It is related to non-locality. A similar
conclusion can be drawn on the basis of a generalization of the Sakurai-Gersten
consideration. I correct several calculating and conceptual misunderstandings
of the previous works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73580 </DOCNO>
Radion effects on unitarity in gauge-boson scattering


  The scalar field associated with fluctuations in the positions of the two
branes, the ``radion'', plays an important role determining the cosmology and
collider phenomenology of the Randall-Sundrum solution to the hierarchy
problem. It is now well known that the radion mass is of order the weak scale,
and that its couplings to standard model fields are order 1/TeV to the trace of
the energy momentum tensor. We calculate longitudinal vector boson scattering
amplitudes to explore the constraints on the radion mass and its coupling from
perturbative unitarity. The scattering cross section can indeed become
non-perturbative at energies prior to reaching the TeV brane cutoff scale, but
only when some curvature-Higgs mixing on the TeV brane is present. We show that
the coefficient of the curvature-Higgs mixing operator must be less than about
3 for the 4-d effective theory to respect perturbative unitarity up to the TeV
brane cutoff scale. Mass bounds on the Higgs boson and the radion are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149799 </DOCNO>
Large-N bounds on, and compositeness limit of, gauge and gravitational


  In a toy model of gauge and gravitational interactions in $D \ge 4$
dimensions, endowed with an invariant UV cut-off $\Lambda$, and containing a
large number $N$ of non-self-interacting matter species, the physical gauge and
gravitational couplings at the cut-off, $\alpha_g \equiv g^2 \Lambda^{D-4}$ and
$\alpha_G \equiv G_N \Lambda^{D-2}$, are shown to be bounded by appropriate
powers of ${1\over N}$. This implies that the infinite-bare-coupling (so-called
compositeness) limit of these theories is smooth, and can even resemble our
world. We argue that such a result, when extended to more realistic situations,
can help avoid large-N violations of entropy bounds, solve the dilaton
stabilization and GUT-scale problems in superstring theory, and provide a new
possible candidate for quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40918 </DOCNO>
The anomalous magnetic moment of muon: from the E821 experiment to


  Bilepton masses in the 3-3-1 models and the recently announced E821
experiment result are discussed. We get bounds on the bilepton masses 243 GeV
$\leq M_Y \leq $ 357 GeV in the minimal model and 70 GeV $\leq M_Y \leq $ 115
GeV in the model with right-handed neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99187 </DOCNO>
On the Bethe-Salpeter generation of Regge poles in General Quantum Field


  The Complex Angular Momentum (CAM) representation of (scalar) four-point
functions has been previously established starting from the general principles
of local relativistic Quantum Field Theory (QFT). Here, we carry out the
diagonalization of the general $t$-channel Bethe--Salpeter (BS) structure of
four point functions in the corresponding CAM variable $\lambda_{t},$ for all
negative values of the squared-energy variable $t$. This diagonalization is
closely related to the existence of BS-equations for the absorptive parts in
the crossed channels, interpreted as convolution equations with spectral
properties. The concept of Regge poles governing the asymptotic behaviour of
the four-point function at fixed negative $t$ then appears as built-in in the
analytic axiomatic framework of QFT and the factorization of residues in terms
of Euclidean three-point functions is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6848 </DOCNO>
An application of Malliavin Calculus to Finance


  In this article, we give a brief informal introduction to Malliavin Calculus
for newcomers. We apply these ideas to the simulation of Greeks in Finance.
First to European-type options where formulas can be computed explicitly and
therefore can serve as testing ground. Later we study the case of Asian options
where close formulas are not available. The Greeks are computed through Monte
Carlo simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126642 </DOCNO>
X-ray source population of the Galactic center region obtained with ASCA


  From the ASCA X-ray point-source list in the Galactic center 5x5 degree^2
region, we found the clear correlation between the position of the sources and
the absorption. This fact implies that the major part of the absorption is due
to the cold interstellar matter (ISM) in the line of sight. Using the
correlation, we estimate the distribution of the cold ISM. We also found that
the ratio of high mass binaries to low mass binaries is significantly smaller
than that in the whole Galaxy or SMC, which implies that the past starburst
activity in the Galactic center region was rather quiet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168482 </DOCNO>
Achievable rates for the Gaussian quantum channel


  We study the properties of quantum stabilizer codes that embed a
finite-dimensional protected code space in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert
space. The stabilizer group of such a code is associated with a symplectically
integral lattice in the phase space of 2N canonical variables. From the
existence of symplectically integral lattices with suitable properties, we
infer a lower bound on the quantum capacity of the Gaussian quantum channel
that matches the one-shot coherent information optimized over Gaussian input
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167951 </DOCNO>
Continued fraction representation of quantum mechanical Green's


  In this work we have presented a rather general and easy-to-apply method for
discrete Hilbert space representation of quantum mechanical Green's operators.
We have shown that if in some discrete Hilbert space basis representation the
Hamiltonian takes an infinite symmetric tridiagonal, i.e. Jacobi-matrix form
the corresponding Green's matrix can be calculated on the whole complex energy
plane by a continued fraction. The procedure necessitates only the analytic
calculation of the Hamiltonian matrix elements, which are used to construct the
coefficients of the continued fraction. This continued fraction representation
of the Green's operator was shown to be convergent for the bound state energy
region. The theory of analytic continuation of continued fractions was utilized
to extend the representation to the whole complex energy plane. The presented
method provides a simple, easily applicable and analytically correct recipe for
calculating discrete basis representation of Green's operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7061 </DOCNO>
Collective excitations at the boundary of a 4D quantum Hall droplet


  In this work we investigate collective excitations at the boundary of a
recently constructed 4D quantum Hall state. Local bosonic operators for
creating these collective excitations can be constructed explicitly. Massless
relativistic wave equations with helicity $S$ can be derived exactly for these
operators from their Heisenberg equation of motion. For the S=1 and S=2 cases
these equations reduce to the free Maxwell and linearized Einstein equation
respectively. These collective excitations can be interpreted as hydrodynamical
modes at the boundary of the 4D QHE droplet. Outstanding issues are critically
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7208 </DOCNO>
Interaction Effects on Quasiparticle Localization in Dirty


  We study how quasiparticle interactions affect their localization properties
in dirty superconductors with broken time reversal symmetry -- for example in a
magnetic field. For SU(2) spin-rotation invariant (class C) systems, the only
important coupling is the spin-spin triplet interaction, which we study within
a renormalization group approach. Either an additional Zeeman coupling or a
complete breaking of spin rotation symmetry renders all interactions
irrelevant. These two situations realize, respectively, the non-interacting
unitary Anderson and the ``thermal'' (class D) universality class. Our results
imply a stable metallic phase in 2D for class D. Experimental implications are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73148 </DOCNO>
Estimates of threshold cross section for stoponium production at e+e-


  We estimate the total ee to stoponium cross section near threshold for a
Coulombic potential and compare it to the Born approximation. The effect of the
beam energy spread for present and future ee colliders is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126749 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a heated gas bubble inside the "cooling flow" region of


  We report on the deep Chandra observation of central r=200kpc region of the
cluster of galaxies MKW3s which was previously identified as a moderate cooling
flow cluster. The Chandra image reveals two striking features -- a 100kpc long
and 21kpc wide filament, extending from the center to the south-west and a
nearly circular, 50kpc diameter depression 90 kpc south of the X-ray peak. The
temperature map shows that the filamentary structure is colder while the
surface brightness depression is hotter than the average cluster temperature at
any radius. The hot and the cold regions indicate that both cooling and heating
processes are taking place in the center of MKW3s. We argue that the surface
brightness depression is produced by a heated, low-density gas bubble along the
line of sight. We suggest that the heated bubble is produced by short-lived
nuclear outbursts from the central galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76442 </DOCNO>
Supernovae as a probe of particle physics and cosmology


  It has very recently been demonstrated by Csaki, Kaloper and Terning (CKT)
that the faintness of supernovae at high redshift can be accommodated by mixing
of a light axion with the photon in the presence of an intergalactic magnetic
field, as opposed to the usual explanation of an accelerating universe by a
dark energy component. In this paper we analyze further aspects of the CKT
mechanism and its generalizations. The CKT mechanism also passes various
cosmological constraints from the fluctuations of the CMB and the formation of
structure at large scales, without requiring an accelerating phase in the
expansion of the Universe. We investigate the statistical significance of
current supernova data for pinning down the different components of the
cosmological energy-momentum tensor and for probing physics beyond the standard
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129535 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray bursts: the tip of the iceberg?


  The spin-energy $E_{rot}$ of a Kerr black hole surrounded by a torus may
power emissions in multiple windows. The recently determined true GRB-energy of
$3-5\times 10^{50}$ erg indicates a minor fraction $E_j/E_{rot}\simeq 0.1%$ in
baryon poor ouput, here considered as jets along open magnetic flux-tubes from
the horizon to infinity. A major fraction $E_{gw}/E_{rot}\simeq 5%$ is expected
in gravitational radiation from the torus. A LIGO/VIRGO detection of
$\alpha=2\pi\int fdE_{gw}$ in excess of the neutron star limit $\alpha^*\simeq
0.005$ promises a calorimetric test for Kerr black holes. We expect a sample of
LIGO/VIRGO detections to obey the distribution of redshift corrected
GRB-durations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126225 </DOCNO>
A third family of super dense stars in the presence of antikaon


  The formation of $K^-$ and $\bar K^0$ condensation in $\beta$-equilibrated
hyperonic matter is investigated within a relativistic mean field model. In
this model, baryon-baryon and (anti)kaon-baryon interactions are mediated by
the exchange of mesons. It is found that antikaon condensation is not only
sensitive to the equation of state but also to antikaon optical potential
depth. For large values of antikaon optical potential depth, $K^-$ condensation
sets in before the appearance of negatively charged hyperons. We treat $K^-$
condensation as a first order phase transition. The Gibbs criteria and global
charge conservation laws are used to describe the mixed phase. Nucleons and
$\Lambda$ hyperons behave dynamically in the mixed phase. A second order phase
transition to $\bar K^0$ condensation occurs in the pure $K^-$ condensed phase.
Along with $K^-$ condensation, $\bar K^0$ condensation makes the equation of
state softer thus resulting in smaller maximum mass stars compared with the
case without any condensate. This equation of state also leads to a stable
sequence of compact stars called the third family branch, beyond the neutron
star branch. The compact stars in the third family branch have different
compositions and smaller radii than that of the neutron star branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 450 </DOCNO>
Analytic Conditions for Targeted Energy Transfer between Nonlinear


  It is well known that any amount of energy injected in a harmonic oscillator
which is resonant and weakly coupled with a second harmonic oscillator, tunnels
back and forth between these two oscillators. When the two oscillators are
anharmonic, the amplitude dependence of their frequencies breaks, in general,
any initial resonance so that no substantial energy transfer occurs unless an
almost perfect resonance persists. This paper considers this interesting
situation more generally between two discrete breathers (DBs) belonging to two
weakly coupled nonlinear systems, finite or infinite. A specific amount of
energy injected as a DB in a nonlinear system (donor) which is weakly coupled
to another nonlinear system (acceptor) sustaining another DB, might be totally
transferred and oscillate back and forth between these donor and acceptor DBs.
The condition is that a certain well defined detuning function is bounded from
above and below by two coupling functions. This targeted energy transfer (TET)
is selective, i.e., it only occurs for an initial energy close to a specific
value. The calculation of these functions in complex models with numerical
techniques developed earlier for DBs, allows one to detect the existence of
possible TET, between which DBs and at which energy. It should also help for
designing models having desired TET properties. We also show how extra linear
resonances could make TET incomplete and irreversible. Developments of the
theory will be able to describe more spectacular effects, such as TET cascades
and avalanches, and energy funnels. Besides rather short term applications for
devices, this theory might provide an essential clue for understanding puzzling
problems of energy kinetics in real materials, chemistry and bioenergetics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74705 </DOCNO>
Branching ratios of $B_s\to (K^+K^-,K^0\bar{K}^0)$ and $B_d\to \pi^+


  We explored various cases for the branching ratios (BRs) of $B_s\to K^+K^-$,
$B_s\to K^0\bar{K}^0$ and $B_d\to \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays. We study the possibility
of determining $\gamma $ by using the following the measurements: (a) BRs of
$B_s\to K^+K^-$, and $B_s\to K^0\bar{K}^0$; (b) the ratio of direct CP
asymmetries in $B_d\to \pi^+ \pi^-$ and $B_s\to K^+K^-$; (c) the mix-induced CP
asymmetry in $B_d\to \pi^+ \pi^-$; and (d) the angle of $\beta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129146 </DOCNO>
Confrontation of Intracluster and Interstellar Gas in Cluster-Centered


  X-ray observations of M87 in the Virgo cluster and NGC 4874 in Coma reveal
that the gas temperature beyond about 50 kpc from these cD galaxies is
comparable to the virial temperature of the cluster, 3 or 9 keV respectively,
but within the optical galaxy the temperature drops to the galactic virial
temperature, about 1 keV. We show that these steep thermal (and density)
gradients follow naturally from the usual cooling inflow assumptions without
recourse to thermal conductivity. To avoid unobserved central mass
concentrations, most of the gas must radiatively cool (``dropout'') before it
flows to the galactic core, i.e. the gas must be multiphase. Recent XMM spectra
of M87 indicate single phase flow at every radius with no apparent radiative
cooling to low temperatures. However, the X-ray spectral evidence for
multiphase cooling beginning at lower temperatures near 1 keV (within about 10
kpc) may be less apparent and may have escaped detection. Finally, we show that
the standard decomposition method used by X-ray observers to determine the mass
flow dM/dt(r) may fail rather badly due to small deviations from perfectly
steady state flow. When applied to our slightly non-steady computed flows, this
decomposition (incorrectly) gives the usual result, dM/dt proportional to r,
and overestimates the mass dropout dM/dt(r) at large radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83849 </DOCNO>
Bringing the Internet to Schools: US and EU policies


  The Internet is changing rapidly the way people around the world communicate,
learn, and work. Yet the tremendous benefits of the Internet are not shared
equally by all. One way to close the gap of the "digital divide" is to ensure
Internet access to all schools from an early age. While both the USA and EU
have embraced the promotion of Internet access to schools, the two have decided
to finance it differently. This paper shows that the main costs of Internet
access to schools are not communications-related (telecommunications and
Internet services) but rather non-communications-related (hardware, educational
training, software). This paper goes on to discuss whether the identified costs
should be financed in any way by the universal service obligations funded by
the telecommunications industry/sector/consumers (sector specific) or a general
governmental budget (educational budget).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41143 </DOCNO>
Searches for New Physics in Events with a Photon and b-quark Jet at CDF


  We have searched for evidence of physics beyond the standard model in events
that include an energetic photon and an energetic b-quark jet, produced in 85pb
of ppbar collisions at 1.8 TeV at the Tevatron Collider at Fermilab. This
signature, containing at least one gauge boson and a third-generation quark,
could arise in the production and decay of a pair of new particles, such as
those predicted by Supersymmetry, leading to a production rate exceeding
standard model predictions. We also search these events for anomalous
production of missing transverse energy, additional jets and leptons (e, mu and
tau), and additional b quarks. We find no evidence for any anomalous production
of gamma-b or gamma-b+X events. We present limits on two supersymmetric models:
a model where the photon is produced in the decay chi2->gamma chi1, and a model
where the photon is produced in the neutralino decay into the Gravitino LSP,
chi1 -> gamma G. We also present our limits in a model-independent form and
test methods of applying model-independent limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6762 </DOCNO>
Universal Attractors of Reversible Aggregate-Reorganization Processes


  We analyze a general class of reversible aggregate-reorganization processes.
Attractors of these processes are shown to be universal equilibrium
distributions, which are identical for large classes of models. Furthermore,
the analysis suggests a simple method to efficiently study equilibrium
properties of such processes. As a particular application, our results explain
the recent observation of the formation of similar fractal aggregates from
different initial structures by diffusive reorganization [Filoche and Sapoval,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 5118 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179699 </DOCNO>
A soft mode in a finite Fermi-system: anharmonic effects near the


  We consider a finite Fermi-system where the residual interactions create a
soft mode of the excitation spectrum. Because of the large vibrational
amplitude, the standard random phase approximation does not work in this
situation. We develop a regular method for constructing the anharmonic
potential and illustrate the application of the formalism by a simple model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7152 </DOCNO>
Momentum space topology of fermion zero modes on brane


  We discuss fermion zero modes within the 3+1 brain -- the domain wall between
the two vacua in 4+1 spacetime. We do not assume relativistic invariance in 4+1
spacetime, or any special form of the 4+1 action. The only input is that the
fermions in bulk are fully gapped and are described by nontrivial
momentum-space topology. Then the 3+1 wall between such vacua contains chiral
3+1 fermions. The bosonic collective modes in the wall form the gauge and
gravitational fields. In principle, this universality class of fermionic vacua
can contain all the ingredients of the Standard Model and gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97910 </DOCNO>
Unified description of q-deformed harmonic oscillators


  A wide class of q-deformed harmonic oscillators including those of Macfarlane
type and of Dubna type is shown to be describable in a unified way. The
Hamiltonian of the oscillator is assumed to be given by a q-deformed
anti-commutator of the q-deformed ladder operators. By solving $q$-difference
equations, explicit coordinate representations of ladder operators and wave
functions are derived, and unified parametric representations are found for
$q$-Hermite functions and related formulas for the oscillators of Macfarlane
and Dubna types. In addition to the well-known solutions with globally periodic
structure, there exist an infinite number of solutions with globally aperiodic
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74813 </DOCNO>
Boost-invariant particle production in transport equations


  The boost-invariant tunneling of particles along the hyperbolas of constant
invariant time, tau^2 = t^2-z^2, is included in the transport equations
describing formation of the quark-gluon plasma in strong color fields. The
non-trivial solutions of the transport equations exist if the boost-invariant
distance between the tunneling particles, measured in the quasirapidity space
eta=1/2 ln ((t+z)/(t-z)), is confined to a finite interval Delta eta. For
realistic values of Delta eta the solutions of the transport equations show
similar characteristics to those found in the standard approach, where the
tunneling takes place at constant time t. In the limit Delta eta -> infinity,
the initial color fields decay instantaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 92 </DOCNO>
A crib-shaped triplet pairing gap function for an orthogonal pair of


  The competition between spin-triplet and singlet pairings is studied
theoretically for the tight-binding $\alpha$-$\beta$ bands in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$,
which arise from two sets of quasi-one dimensional Fermi surfaces. Using
multiband FLEX approximation, where we incorporate an anisotropy in the spin
fluctuations as suggested from experiments, we show that (i) the triplet can
dominate over the singlet (which turns out to be extended s), and (ii) the
triplet gap function optimized in the Eliashberg equation has an unusual, very
non-sinusoidal form, whose time-reversal-broken combination exhibits a
crib-shaped amplitude with dips.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128461 </DOCNO>
Tidal debris of dwarf spheroidals as a probe of structure formation


  Recent observations suggest that Carina and other nearby dwarf spheroidal
galaxies are surrounded by unbound stars tidally stripped by the Milky Way. We
run high-resolution N-Body simulations of dwarf galaxies orbiting within the
Milky Way halo to determine if such observations can be explained with dark
matter potentials as those implied by current structure formation models. We
show that tidal forces acting on dwarfs with constant density cores or with
cuspy profiles having a low concentration parameter ($c < 5$) lead to flat
outer stellar density profiles like that of Carina for a variety of orbital
configurations. On the contrary, it is more difficult to remove stars from
cuspy dark matter halos with concentrations as high as predicted by CDM models
at the mass scale of dwarf galaxies ($c \simgt 10$) and the data can only be
reproduced assuming nearly radial orbits. Our simulations show that Carina is
losing mass at a fractional rate $< 0.1$ Gyr$^{-1}$ and its mass-to-light ratio
could be inflated by at most a factor of 2 due to unbound stars projected along
the line of sight. We follow the evolution of the tidal debris within a
triaxial clumpy cold dark matter Milky Way halo which causes differential
precession and small scale heating of the stellar streams. This renders their
use as a dynamical tracer of the Galactic potential practically useless, but
does provide a novel test of the nature of the dark matter. Models with warm
dark matter (WDM) or fluid dark matter (FDM) produce dwarf halos with lower
central densities than CDM and would be consistent with the observed tidal
tails even for orbits with eccentricities as low as indicated by current data
on nearby dwarf spheroidals. Galactic halos in FDM are smooth and spherical and
would be favored by the detection of coherent streams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1612 </DOCNO>
Diffusion of Point Defects in Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystals


  We report the first study of the dynamics of point defects, mono and
di-vacancies, in a confined 2-D colloidal crystal in real space and time using
digital video microscopy. The defects are introduced by manipulating individual
particles with optical tweezers. The diffusion rates are measured to be
$D_{mono}/a^{2}\cong3.27\pm0.03$Hz for mono-vacancies and
$D_{di}/a^{2}\cong3.71\pm0.03$Hz for di-vacancies. The elementary diffusion
processes are identified and it is found that the diffusion of di-vacancies is
enhanced by a \textit{dislocation dissociation-recombination} mechanism.
Furthermore, the defects do not follow a simple random walk but their hopping
exhibits memory effects, due to the reduced symmetry (compared to the
triangular lattice) of their stable configurations, and the slow relaxation
rates of the lattice modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87018 </DOCNO>
Scalar vacuum structure in general relativity and alternative theories.


  We discuss the global properties of static, spherically symmetric
configurations of a self-gravitating real scalar field $\phi$ in general
relativity (GR), scalar-tensor theories (STT) and high-order gravity ($L=f(R)$)
in various dimensions. In GR, for fields with arbitrary potentials $V(\phi)$,
not necessarily positive-definite, it is shown that the list of all possible
types of space-time causal structure in the models under consideration is the
same as the one for $\phi = const$. In particular, there are no regular black
holes with any asymptotics. These features are extended to STT and $f(R)$
theories, connected with GR by conformal mappings, unless there is a conformal
continuation, i.e., a case when a singularity in a solution of GR maps to a
regular surface in an alternative theory, and the solution is continued through
such a surface. This effect is exemplified by exact solutions in GR with a
massless conformal scalar field, considered as a special STT. Necessary
conditions for the existence of a conformal continuation are found; they only
hold for special choices of STT and high-order theories of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41788 </DOCNO>
Indirect Investigations of Supersymmetry


  This is the summary report of the ``Indirect Investigations of SUSY''
subgroup of the P3 Physics Group at Snowmass 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2626 </DOCNO>
Comparison of in- and out-of-plane charge dynamics in YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.95}


  The in-plane optical conductivity has been successfully employed to obtain
information about the coupling of the charge carriers to the spin degrees of
freedom in the high T_c oxides. We investigate how this inelastic scattering
affects the out-of-plane charge dynamics. We consider both coherent (in-plane
momentum is conserved) and incoherent (no momentum conservation) c-axis
transfers and find that the two cases give quite a distinct c-axis conductivity
as a function of energy $\omega$. Comparison of our theoretical calculations
with the available data does not allow a definitive conclusion, but a momentum
dependent coherent matrix element characteristic of the CuO_2 chemistry is
favored with the possibility of a subdominant incoherent contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74393 </DOCNO>
Vacuum decay in quantum field theory


  We study the contribution to vacuum decay in field theory due to the
interaction between the long and short-wavelength modes of the field. The field
model considered consists of a scalar field of mass $M$ with a cubic term in
the potential. The dynamics of the long-wavelength modes becomes diffusive in
this interaction. The diffusive behaviour is described by the reduced Wigner
function that characterizes the state of the long-wavelength modes. This
function is obtained from the whole Wigner function by integration of the
degrees of freedom of the short-wavelength modes. The dynamical equation for
the reduced Wigner function becomes a kind of Fokker-Planck equation which is
solved with suitable boundary conditions enforcing an initial metastable vacuum
state trapped in the potential well. As a result a finite activation rate is
found, even at zero temperature, for the formation of true vacuum bubbles of
size $M^{-1}$. This effect makes a substantial contribution to the total decay
rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7329 </DOCNO>
Unusual magneto-elastic forces stabilize the insulating ferromagnetic


  The ferromagnetic and insulating state observed in La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_3$,
0.125$<$x$<$0.2, is characterized by structural and magnetic anomalies below
T$_C$, similar to those observed in the x$_{Sr}$$\approx$1/8. A neutron
scattering study of the superlattice {\bf Q$_0$}= (0,0,1+/4)$_{cub}$ peak, and
of the magnetic excitations are reported in the x$_{Ca}$=0.2 sample. The
occurrence of this superstructure is associated with the observation of a gap
in the spin dynamics, at a {\bf q$_0$} wave-vector ({\bf q$_0$}={\bf
Q$_0$}-$\tau$) with the same modulus $|${\bf q$_0$}$|$ in all directions, which
divides the dispersion into two regimes. For $|${\bf q}$|$$<$$|${\bf q$_0$}$|$
the dispersion is splitted into two or three curves. For $|${\bf
q}$|$$>$$|${\bf q$_0$}$|$, magnetic excitations lock on acoustic and optic
phonon energies, revealing a new kind of magneto-vibrational coupling.
  We suggest an analysis in terms of two distinct magnetic couplings,
associated with two ferromagnetic media involved into a collective state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128019 </DOCNO>
Bar-driven dark halo evolution: a resolution of the cusp--core


  Simulations predict that the dark matter halos of galaxies should have
central cusps, while those inferred from observed galaxies do not have cusps.
We demonstrate, using both linear perturbation theory and n-body simulations,
that a disk bar, which should be ubiquitous in forming galaxies, can produce
cores in cuspy CDM dark matter profiles within five bar orbital times.
Simulations of forming galaxies suggest that one of Milky Way size could have a
10 kpc primordial bar; this bar will remove the cusp out to approximately 5 kpc
in approximately 1.5 gigayears, while the disk only loses approximately 8% of
its original angular momentum. An inner Lindblad-like resonance couples the
rotating bar to orbits at all radii through the cusp, transferring the bar
pattern angular momentum to the dark matter cusp, rapidly flattening it. This
resonance disappears for profiles with cores and is responsible for a
qualitative difference in bar driven halo evolution with and without a cusp.
This bar induced evolution will have a profound effect on the structure and
evolution of almost all galaxies. Hence, both to understand galaxy formation
and evolution and to make predictions from theory it is necessary to resolve
these dynamical processes. Unfortunately, correctly resolving these important
dynamical processes in ab initio calculations of galaxy formation is a daunting
task, requiring at least 4,000,000 halo particles using our SCF code, and
probably requiring many times more particles when using noisier tree, direct
summation, or grid based techniques, the usual methods employed in such
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150167 </DOCNO>
Gravitational couplings of orientifold planes


  We reanalyse the gravitational couplings of the perturbative orientifold
planes $Op^-$, $Op^+$ (and D-branes). We first compute their $D_{-1}$
instantonic corrections for $p=3$. Then, by using U-dualities, we obtain the
Wess-Zumino terms of orientifolds with RR flux for $p \leq 5$. The expressions
for the effective actions can be partially checked via M-theory. We point out a
previous oversimplification and we show in fact that the difficulty still
stands in the way of the full computation of 7 Brane instanton corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75335 </DOCNO>
Strangeness production in a statistical effective model of hadronisation


  We suppose that overall strangeness production in both high energy elementary
and heavy ion collisions can be described within the framework of an
equilibrium statistical model in which the effective degrees of freedom are
constituent quarks as used in effective lagrangian models. In this picture, the
excess of relative strangeness production in heavy ion collisions with respect
to elementary particle collisions arises from the unbalance between initial
non-strange matter and antimatter and from the exact colour and flavour quantum
number conservation over different finite volumes. The comparison with the data
and the possible sources of model dependence are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3334 </DOCNO>
Two-loop renormalization-group analysis of critical behavior at m-axial


  We investigate the critical behavior that d-dimensional systems with
short-range forces and a n-component order parameter exhibit at Lifshitz points
whose wave-vector instability occurs in a m-dimensional isotropic subspace of
${\mathbb R}^d$. Utilizing dimensional regularization and minimal subtraction
of poles in $d=4+{m\over 2}-\epsilon$ dimensions, we carry out a two-loop
renormalization-group (RG) analysis of the field-theory models representing the
corresponding universality classes. This gives the beta function $\beta_u(u)$
to third order, and the required renormalization factors as well as the
associated RG exponent functions to second order, in u. The coefficients of
these series are reduced to m-dependent expressions involving single integrals,
which for general (not necessarily integer) values of $m\in (0,8)$ can be
computed numerically, and for special values of m analytically. The $\epsilon$
expansions of the critical exponents $\eta_{l2}$, $\eta_{l4}$, $\nu_{l2}$,
$\nu_{l4}$, the wave-vector exponent $\beta_q$, and the correction-to-scaling
exponent are obtained to order $\epsilon^2$. These are used to estimate their
values for d=3. The obtained series expansions are shown to encompass both
isotropic limits m=0 and m=d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125395 </DOCNO>
X-ray bursts at extreme mass accretion rates from GX 17+2


  (abridged version) We report on ten type I X-ray bursts from GX 17+2 in data
obtained with the RXTE/PCA in 1996--2000. Three bursts were short in duration
(~10 s), whereas the others lasted for ~6-25 min. Five of the long bursts
showed evidence for radius expansion of the neutron star photosphere. No
correlations o f the burst properties with respect to the persistent X-ray
spectral properties are seen, suggesting no correlation with inferred
persistent mass accretion rate. The presence of short bursts in GX 17+2 (and
similar bright X-ray sources) is not accounted for in the current X-ray bursts
theories at the high mass accretion rates encountered in these sources. We find
that in contrast to previous suggestions the persistent black-body emission
does NOT arise from the same site as the burst emission. The black-body
component of the persistent emission is consistent with arising in an expanded
boundary layer, as indicated by recent theoretical work. The total persistent
flux just before and after the radius expansion bursts is inferred to be up to
a factor of 2 higher than the net peak flux of the burst. If both the burst and
persistent emission are radiated isotropically, this would imply that the
persistent emission is up to a factor of 2 higher than the Eddington
luminosity. This is unlikely and we suggest that the persistent luminosity is
close to the Eddington luminosity and that the burst emission is (highly)
anisotropic. Assuming that the net burst peak fluxes equal the Eddington limit,
applying standard burst parameters (1.4 M_sun neutron star, cosmic composition,
electron scattering opacity appropriate for high temperatures), and taking into
account gravitational redshift and spectral hardening, we derive a distance to
GX 17+2 of ~8 kpc, with an uncertainty of up to ~30%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72475 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Minijet Production in $A-A$ Collisions from Gluons with Large


  We find supersaturation for the intrinsic gluon distribution of nuclei, i.e.
the low $x$ unintegrated nuclear gluon distribution peaks at intermediate
transverse momenta $k_t=Q_s$ and vanishes at zero $k_t$. Taking into account
the intrinsic transverse momenta of the gluons and the saturation scale $p_s$
of the produced gluons, we calculate the minijet cross section arising from
gluon gluon scattering for RHIC energies. For central collisions at
$\sqrt{s}=200GeV$ the saturation scale $p_s \approx 1.4$ GeV is larger due to
intrinsic $k_t$ effects and increases with energy. Our theoretical results on
charged particle multiplicity agree very well with the recent experimental data
from RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168683 </DOCNO>
Control of one and two homonuclear spins


  We consider the problem of steering control for the systems of one spin 1/2
particle and two interacting homonuclear spin 1/2 particles in an
electro-magnetic field. The describing models are bilinear systems whose state
varies on the Lie group of special unitary matrices of dimensions two and four,
respectively. By performing decompositions of Lie groups, taking into account
the describing equations at hand, we derive control laws to steer the state of
the system to any desired final configuration. Explicit formulas are given for
the parameters involved in the control algorithms. Moreover, the proposed
algorithms allow for arbitrary bounds on the magnitude of the controls and for
some flexibility in the specification of the final time which must be greater
than a given value but otherwise arbitrary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98593 </DOCNO>
Local residues of holomorphic 1-forms on an isolated surface singularity


  We define local residues of holomorphic 1-forms on an isolated surface
singularity that have isolated zeros and prove that a certain residue equals
the index of the 1-forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72930 </DOCNO>
Implication of $\sin 2\beta$ from global fit and $B\to J/\psi K_S$


  The measurement of $\sin 2 \beta$ is discussed within and beyond the standard
model. In the presence of new physics, the angle $\beta$ extracted from the
global fit(denoted by $\beta^{SM}_{fit}$) and the one extracted from $B\to
J/\psi K_S$ (denoted by $\beta_{J/\psi}$) are in general all different from the
'true' angle $\beta$ which is the weak phase of CKM matrix element $V^*_{td}$.
Possible new physics effects on the ratio $R_{\beta}=\sin2\beta_{J/\psi}/\sin
2\beta^{SM}_{fit}$ is studied and parameterized in a most general form. It is
shown that the ratio $R_{\beta}$ may provide a useful tool in probing new
physics. The experimental value of $R_{\beta}$ is obtained through an update of
the global fit of the unitarity triangle with the latest data and found to be
less than unity at 1$\sigma$ level. The new physics effects on $R_{\beta}$ from
the models with minimum flavor violation (MFV) and the standard model with
two-Higgs-doublet (S2HDM) are studied in detail. It is found that the MFV
models seem to give a relative large value $R_{\beta}\geq 1$. With the current
data, this may indicate that this kind of new physics may be disfavored and
alternative new physics with additional phases appears more relevant. As an
illustration for models with additional phase beyond CKM phase, the S2HDM
effects on $R_{\beta}$ are studied and found to be easily coincide with the
data due to the flavor changing neutral Higgs interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97939 </DOCNO>
Rigidity of the interface for percolation and random-cluster models


  We study conditioned random-cluster measures with edge-parameter p and
cluster-weighting factor q satisfying q \ge 1. The conditioning corresponds to
mixed boundary conditions for a spin model. Interfaces may be defined in the
sense of Dobrushin, and these are proved to be `rigid' in the thermodynamic
limit, in three dimensions and for sufficiently large values of p. This implies
the existence of non-translation-invariant (conditioned) random-cluster
measures in three dimensions. The results are valid in the special case q=1,
thus indicating a property of three-dimensional percolation not previously
noted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148101 </DOCNO>
Conformal Anomaly via AdS/CFT Duality


  AdS/CFT duality is a conjectured dual correspondence between the large $N$
limit of Conformal Field Theory (CFT) in $d$-dimensions and the supergravity
(SUGRA) in $d+1$-dimensional Anti de Sitter (AdS) space. By using this
conjecture, we can study various properties of large $N$ CFT by simple
calculations in SUGRA. Recently much attention has been paid to the
Renormalization Group (RG) flow viewed from the SUGRA side. Such RG flow in CFT
is known to be characterized by the c-function which connects CFTs with
different central charges. Therefore, we are interested in deriving this
c-function from SUGRA with the help of AdS/CFT correspondence. To derive the
c-function, we calculate the conformal anomaly (CA) in SUGRA, since it is
closely related to the central charge. In this thesis, we discuss the various
aspects of CA from AdS/CFT duality, especially for the cases of SUGRA in 3 and
5-dimensions which correspond to 2 and 4-dimensional CFTs, respectively. It is
known that the bosonic part of SUGRA with scalar (dilaton) and arbitrary scalar
potential describes the special RG flows in dual quantum field theory. So we
calculate dilaton-dependent CA from dilatonic gravity with arbitrary potential.
After that, we propose candidates of c-functions from such dilatonic gravity
and investigate the properties of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81027 </DOCNO>
The Structure of the Aoki Phase at Weak Coupling


  A new method to determine the phase diagram of certain lattice fermionic
field theories in the weakly coupled regime is presented. This method involves
a new type of weak coupling expansion which is multiplicative rather than
additive in nature and allows perturbative calculation of partition function
zeroes. Application of the method to the single flavour Gross-Neveu model gives
a phase diagram consistent with the parity symmetry breaking scenario of Aoki
and provides new quantitative information on the width of the Aoki phase in the
weakly coupled sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1032 </DOCNO>
The superconductor insulator transition in systems of ultrasmall grains


  We present transport measurements on quench condensed granular Pb films in
which the grains are 40-80\AA in diameter. These films show a cross over from
an insulator to a superconductor behavior as the nominal thickness of the layer
is increased. This transition is different in nature than those seen in quench
condensed systems reported in the past where the films were either uniform or
granular with grain sizes on the order of 200\AA . We discuss possible physical
mechanisms for these transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124100 </DOCNO>
Wide-field (sub)millimeter continuum surveys of protoclusters: Clues to


  Recent (sub)millimeter continuum surveys of nearby star-forming regions have
revealed a wealth of new, cold cloud fragments. Those which are small-scale
(diameter < 10000 AU), starless, and gravitationally bound are good candidates
for being the direct progenitors of protostars, i.e., the structures within
which individual protostellar collapse is initiated. The mass spectrum of these
protocluster condensations is reminiscent of the stellar initial mass function
(IMF), suggesting the IMF is partly determined by cloud fragmentation at the
pre-stellar stage of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4541 </DOCNO>
The liquid-glass transition of silica


  We studied the liquid-glass transition of $SiO_2$ by means of replica theory,
utilizing an effective pair potential which was proved to reproduce a few
experimental features of silica. We found a finite critical temperature $T_0$,
where the system undergoes a phase transition related to replica symmetry
breaking, in a region where experiments do not show any transition. The
possible sources of this discrepancy are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 94 </DOCNO>
Inherent Structure Approach to the Study of Glass Forming Liquids


  The inherent structure approach, wherein thermodynamic and structural changes
in glass forming liquids are analyzed in terms of local potential energy minima
that the liquid samples, has recently been applied extensively to the study of
thermodynamic aspects of glass forming liquids. The evalation of the
configurational entropy, which arises from the multiplicity of local energy
minima, plays a central role in such analyses. Results are presented here
concerning the calculation of configurational entropy based on computer
simulations of a model liquid, and the application of the inherent structure
formalism to the study of the glass transition locus, and the fragility of
glass forming liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86702 </DOCNO>
Exact Solution of Photon Equation in Stationary G\"{o}del-type and


  In this work the photon equation (massless Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation) is
written expilicitly for general type of stationary G\"{o}del space-times and is
solved exactly for G\"{o}del-type and G\"{o}del space-times. Harmonic
oscillator behaviour of the solutions is discussed and energy spectrum of
photon is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3001 </DOCNO>
Zurek-Kibble Causality Bounds in Time-Dependent Ginzburg-Landau Theory


  Zurek's and Kibble's causal constraints for defect production at continuous
transitions are encoded in the field equations that condensed matter systems
and quantum fields satisfy. In this article we highlight some of the properties
of the solutions to the equations and show to what extent they support the
original ideas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129598 </DOCNO>
High-resolution simulations of stellar collisions between equal-mass


  We performed high-resolution simulations of two stellar collisions relevant
for stars in globular clusters. We considered one head-on collision and one
off-axis collision between two 0.6 M_sun main sequence stars. We show that a
resolution of about 100 000 particles is sufficient for most studies of the
structure and evolution of blue stragglers. We demonstrate conclusively that
collision products between main-sequence stars in globular clusters do not have
surface convection zones larger than 0.004 M_sun after the collision, nor do
they develop convection zones during the `pre-main-sequence' thermal relaxation
phase of their post-collision evolution. Therefore, any mechanism which
requires a surface convection zone (i.e. chemical mixing or angular momentum
loss via a magnetic wind) cannot operate in these stars. We show that no disk
of material surrounding the collision product is produced in off-axis
collisions. The lack of both a convection zone and a disk proves a continuing
problem for the angular momentum evolution of blue stragglers in globular
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97105 </DOCNO>
How to (symplectically) thread the eye of a (Lagrangian) needle


  We show that there exists no Lagrangian embeddings of the Klein bottle into
$\CC^{2}$. Using the same techniques we also give a new proof that any
Lagrangian torus in $\CC^2$ is smoothly isotopic to the Clifford torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74656 </DOCNO>
Expanding non homogeneous configurations of the $\lambda \phi^4$ model


  A time dependent variational approach is considered to derive the equations
of movement for the $\lambda \phi^4$ model. The temporal evolution of the model
is performed numerically in the frame of the Gaussian approximation in a
lattice of 1+1 dimensions given non homogeneous initial conditions (like
bubbles) for the classical and quantum parts of the field which expands. A
schematic model for the initial conditions is presented considering the model
at finite fermionic density. The non zero fermionic density may lead either to
the restoration of the symmetry or to an even more asymmetric phase. Both kinds
of situations are considered as initial conditions and the eventual differences
in early time dynamics are discussed. In the early time evolution there is
strong energy exchange between the classical and quantum parts of the field as
the initial configuration expands. The contribution of the quantum fluctuations
is discussed especially in the strong coupling constant limit. The continuum
limit is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4091 </DOCNO>
The Cavity Approach to Noisy Learning in Nonlinear Perceptrons


  We analyze the learning of noisy teacher-generated examples by nonlinear and
differentiable student perceptrons using the cavity method. The generic
activation of an example is a function of the cavity activation of the example,
which is its activation in the perceptron that learns without the example. Mean
field equations for the macroscopic parameters and the stability condition
yield results consistent with the replica method. When a single value of the
cavity activation maps to multiple values of the generic activation, there is a
competition in learning strategy between preferentially learning an example and
sacrificing it in favor of the background adjustment. We find parameter regimes
in which examples are learned preferentially or sacrificially, leading to a gap
in the activation distribution. Full phase diagrams of this complex system are
presented, and the theory predicts the existence of a phase transition from
poor to good generalization states in the system. Simulation results confirm
the theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4952 </DOCNO>
Tomonaga-Luttinger parameters for quantum wires


  The low-energy properties of a homogeneous one-dimensional electron system
are completely specified by two Tomonaga-Luttinger parameters $K_{\rho}$ and
$v_{\sigma}$. In this paper we discuss microscopic estimates of the values of
these parameters in semiconductor quantum wires that exploit their relationship
to thermodynamic properties. Motivated by the recognized similarity between
correlations in the ground state of a one-dimensional electron liquid and
correlations in a Wigner crystal, we evaluate these thermodynamic quantities in
a self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation. According to our calculations,
the Hartree-Fock approximation ground state is a Wigner crystal at all electron
densities and has antiferromagnetic order that gradually evolves from
spin-density-wave to localized in character as the density is lowered. Our
results for $K_{\rho}$ are in good agreement with weak-coupling perturbative
estimates $K_{\rho}^{pert}$ at high densities, but deviate strongly at low
densities, especially when the electron-electron interaction is screened at
long distances. $K_{\rho}^{pert}\sim n^{1/2}$ vanishes at small carrier density
$n$ whereas we conjecture that $K_{\rho}\to 1/2$ when $n\to 0$, implying that
$K_{\rho}$ should pass through a minimum at an intermediate density.
Observation of such a non-monotonic dependence on particle density would allow
to measure the range of the microscopic interaction. In the spin sector we find
that the spin velocity decreases with increasing interaction strength or
decreasing $n$. Strong correlation effects make it difficult to obtain fully
consistent estimates of $v_{\sigma}$ from Hartree-Fock calculations. We
conjecture that $v_{\sigma}/\vf\propto n/V_0$ in the limit $n\to 0$ where $V_0$
is the interaction strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97648 </DOCNO>
Quadratic variation, p-variation and integration with applications to


  The paper develops a calculus for a class of real-valued functions having a
quadratic variation. The main result is a solution of the representation
problem for a class of evolutions having a quadratic variation. The result is
applied to build up an asset pricing model. Also in the paper there are some
results concerning an extension of the class of all semimartingales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124761 </DOCNO>
A Targeted Survey for HI Clouds in Galaxy Groups


  Five galaxy groups with properties similar to those of the Local Group have
been surveyed for HI clouds with the Arecibo Telescope. In total 300 pointings
have been observed on grids of approximately 2.5 x 1.5 Mpc centred on the
groups. The 4.5 sigma detection limit on the minimal detectable HI masses is
approximately 7 x 10^6 M_sun (H_0=65). All detections could be attributed to
optical galaxies; no significant detections of HI clouds have been made. This
null result leads to the conclusion that the total HI mass of intragroup clouds
must be less than 10 per cent of the total HI mass of galaxy groups and less
than 0.05 per cent of the dynamical mass. The recent hypothesis that Galactic
high velocity clouds are Local Group satellite galaxies is highly inconsistent
with these observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95804 </DOCNO>
Generic algebras with involution of degree 8m


  The centers of the generic central simple algebras with involution are
interesting objects in the theory of central simple algebras. These fields also
arise as invariant fields for linear actions of projective orthogonal or
symplectic groups. In this paper, we prove that when the characteristic is not
2, these fields are retract rational, in the case the degree is $8m$ and $m$ is
odd. We achieve this by proving the equivalent lifting property for the class
of central simple algebras of degree $8m$ with involution. A companion paper
([S3]) deals with the case of $m$, $2m$ and $4m$ where stronger rationality
results are proven.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72769 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Linear Sigma Models


  We examine noncommutative linear sigma models with U(N) global symmetry
groups at the one-loop quantum level, and contrast the results with our
previous study of the noncommutative O(N) linear sigma models where we have
shown that Nambu-Goldstone symmetry realization is inconsistent with continuum
renormalization. Specifically we find no violation of Goldstone's theorem at
one-loop for the U(N) models with the quartic term ordering consistent with
possible noncommutative gauging of the model. The difference is due to terms
involving noncommutative commutator interactions, which vanish in the
commutative limit. We also examine the U(2), and O(4) linear sigma models with
matter in the adjoint representation, and find that the former is consistent
with Goldstone's theorem at one-loop if we include only trace invariants
consistent with possible noncommutative gauging of the model, while the latter
exhibits violations of Goldstone's theorem of the kind seen in the fundamental
of O(N) for N>2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148496 </DOCNO>
Matching Exact Results and One-Instanton Predictions in N=2


  A one-instanton level test is performed for the proposed reparameterisation
scheme matching the conjectured exact low energy results and instanton
predictions for N=2 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theories with 2N massless
fundamental matter hypermultiplets across the entire quantum moduli space. The
constants within the scheme which ensure agreement between the exact results
and the instanton predictions for general N are derived. This constitutes a
non-trivial test of the scheme, which eliminates the discrepancies arising when
the two sets of results are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126181 </DOCNO>
The 'Forbidden' Abundance of Oxygen in the Sun


  We reexamine closely the solar photospheric line at 6300 A, which is
attributed to a forbidden line of neutral oxygen, and is widely used in
analyses of other late-type stars.
 We use a three-dimensional time-dependent hydrodynamical model solar
atmosphere which has been tested successfully against observed granulation
patterns and an array of absorption lines. We show that the solar line is a
blend with a Ni I line, as previously suggested but oftentimes neglected.
Thanks to accurate atomic data on the [O I] and Ni I lines we are able to
derive an accurate oxygen abundance for the Sun: log epsilon (O) = 8.69 +/-
0.05 dex, a value at the lower end of the distribution of previously published
abundances, but in good agreement with estimates for the local interstellar
medium and hot stars in the solar neighborhood. We conclude by discussing the
implication of the Ni I blend on oxygen abundances derived from the [O I] 6300
A line in disk and halo stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179555 </DOCNO>
Probing equilibration with respect to isospin degree of freedom in


  We have studied equilibration with respect to isospin degree of freedom in
four 96 mass systems $^{96}Ru+^{96}Ru$, $^{96}Ru+^{96}Zr$,
 $^{96}Zr+^{96}Ru$, $^{96}Zr+^{96}Zr$ at 100 AMeV and 400 AMeV with isospin
dependent QMD.
 We propose that the neutron-proton differential rapidity distribution is a
sensitive probe to the degree of equilibration with respect to the isospin
degree of freedom. By analyzing the average $N/Z$ ratio of emitted nucleons,
light charged particles (LCP) and intermediate mass fragments (IMF), it is
found that there exist memory effect in multifragmentation process. The average
$N/Z$ ratio of IMF reduces largely as beam energy increases from 100 AMeV to
400 AMeV which may result from the change of the behavior of the isotope
distribution of IMF charges. The isotope distribution of IMF charges does also
show certain memory effect at 100 AMeV case but not at 400 AMeV case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97204 </DOCNO>
Splittings of mapping tori of free group automorphisms


  We present necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a
splitting over $\mathbb{Z}$ of the mapping torus $M_\phi=F\rtimes \mathbb{Z}$
of a free group automorphism $\phi$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4722 </DOCNO>
The planar pyrochlore: a Valence Bond Crystal


  Exact diagonalizations of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg model on the checkerboard
lattice have been performed for sizes up to N=36 in the full Hilbert space and
N=40 in the restricted subspace of first neighbor dimers. This antiferromagnet
does not break SU(2) symmetry and displays long range order in 4-spin S=0
plaquettes. Both the symmetry properties of the spectrum and various
correlations functions are extensively studied. At variance with the kagom{\'e}
antiferromagnet, the Heisenberg quantum model on a checkerboard lattice is a
Valence Bond Crystal. Some results concerning the 3-dimensionnal spin-1/2
pyrochlore magnet (for sizes 16 and 32) are also shown: this system could
behave differently from its 2-dimensional analog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123819 </DOCNO>
The White Dwarf Distance to the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae and its Age


  We present a new determination of the distance (and age) of the Galactic
globular cluster 47 Tucanae (NGC 104) based on the fit of its white dwarf (WD)
cooling sequence with the empirical fiducial sequence of local WD with known
trigonometric parallax, following the method described in Renzini et al.
(1996). Both the cluster and the local WDs were imaged with HST+WFPC2 using the
same instrument setup. We obtained an apparent distance modulus of
$(m-M)_V=13.27\pm0.14$ consistent with previous ground-based determinations and
shorter than that found using HIPPARCOS subdwarfs. Coupling our distance
determination with a new measure of the apparent magnitude of the main sequence
turnoff, based on our HST data, we derive an age of $13\pm2.5$ Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96393 </DOCNO>
Pattern frequency sequences and internal zeros


  Consider the number of permutations in the symmetric group on n letters that
contain c copies of a given pattern. As c varies (with n held fixed) these
numbers form a sequence whose properties we study for the monotone patterns and
the patterns 1, l, l-1, ..., 2. We show that, except for the patterns 1, 2 and
2, 1 where the sequence is well-known to be log concave, there are infinitely
many n where the sequence has internal zeros.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98739 </DOCNO>
Self-Adjunctions and Matrices


  It is shown that the multiplicative monoids of Temperley-Lieb algebras are
isomorphic to monoids of endomorphisms in categories where an endofunctor is
adjoint to itself. Such a self-adjunction is found in a category whose arrows
are matrices, and the functor adjoint to itself is based on the Kronecker
product of matrices. Thereby one obtains a representation of braid groups in
matrices, which, though different and presumably new, is related to the
standard representation of braid groups in Temperley-Lieb algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149304 </DOCNO>
Calogero model, deformed oscillators and the collapse


  We discuss the behavior of the Calogero model and the related model of
deformed oscillators with the S_N extended Heisenberg algebra for a special
value of the constant of interaction/statistical parameter nu. The problem with
finite number of deformed oscillators is analyzed in the algebraic approach,
while collective-field theory has been used to investigate the large-N limit.
In this limit, system reduces to a large number of collapsing (free) particles,
for nu=-1/N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76350 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Contribution to (g-2)_{mu}


  The recent precise measurement of the muon magnetic anomaly (g-2)_{mu} at BNL
opens a window into possible new physics, provided the contribution from
hadronic vacuum polarization is well understood. This talk summarizes the
development in the evaluation of the leading order hadronic contributions.
Significant improvement has been achieved in a series of analyses which is
presented historically in three steps: (1), use of tau spectral functions in
addition to e+e- cross sections, (2), extended use of perturbative QCD and (3),
application of QCD sum rule techniques. The uncertainties, in particular
concerning the CVC hypothesis used in step (1), and global quark-hadron duality
employed in steps (2) and (3) are discussed. No new analysis results are given
in these proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126339 </DOCNO>
A search for gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane in the longitude


  Using the HEGRA system of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, a region
of the Galactic plane (-10 deg < b < 5 deg, 38 deg < l < 43 deg) was surveyed
for TeV gamma-ray emission, both from point sources and of diffuse nature. The
region covered includes 15 known pulsars, 6 known supernova remnants (SNR) and
one unidentified EGRET source. No evidence for emission from point sources was
detected; upper limits are typically below 0.1 Crab units for the flux above 1
TeV. For the diffuse gamma-ray flux from the Galactic plane, an upper limit of
6.1*10E-15 ph/(cm2 s sr MeV) was derived under the assumption that the spatial
distribution measured by the EGRET instrument extends to the TeV regime. This
upper flux limit is a factor of about 1.5 larger than the flux expected from
the ensemble of gamma-ray unresolved Galactic cosmic ray sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75280 </DOCNO>
An effective model for quark masses and mixings


  By analogy with an effective model of charged-lepton mass matrix that, with
the inputs of $m^{exp}_e $ and $m^{exp}_\mu$, predicts (in a perturbative zero
order) $m_\tau = 1776.80 $ MeV close to $m^{exp}_\tau =
1777.03^{+0.30}_{-0.26}$ MeV, we construct such a model for quark mass matrices
reproducing consistently the bulk of experimental information on quark masses
and mixings. In particular, the model predicts $|V_{u b}| = 0.00313$, $\gamma =
- \arg V_{u b} = 63.8^\circ$ and $|V_{t d}| = 0.00785$, $\beta = - \arg V_{t d}
= 20.7^\circ$ (i.e., $\sin 2\beta = 0.661$ to be compared with the BaBar value
$\sin 2\beta^{exp} = 0.59 \pm 0.14$), if the figures $|V^{exp}_{u s}| =
0.2196$, $|V^{exp}_{c b}| = 0.0402$ and $m^{exp}_{s} = 123$ MeV, $m^{exp}_{c} =
1.25$ GeV, $m^{exp}_{b} = 4.2$ GeV are used as inputs. Also the rest of CKM
matrix elements is predicted consistently by the experimental data. Here, quark
masses and CKM matrix elements (ten independent quantities) are parametrized by
eight independent model constants, what gives two independent predictions, e.g.
for $|V_{ub}|$ and $\beta$. The considered model deals with the
fundamental-fermion Dirac mass matrices, so that the neutrino Majorana mass
matrix is outside the scheme. Some foundations of the model are collected in
Appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98682 </DOCNO>
Topology on the spaces of orderings of groups and semi-goups


  We introduce a natural topology on the space of left orderings of an
arbitrary semi-group G. We prove that this space is always compact and that for
free abelian groups it is homeomorphic to the Cantor set. We use our
topological approach to prove the existence of universal Grobner bases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123672 </DOCNO>
Accretion Processes in the Nucleus of M31


  The hypothesized supermassive black hole in the nucleus of M31 (which we
shall hereafter call M31*) has many features in common with Sgr A* at the
Galactic Center, yet they differ in several significant and important ways.
Though M31* is probably ten times heavier, its radio luminosity at 3.6 cm is
only one third that of Sgr A*. At the same time, M31* is apparently thousands
of times more luminous in X-rays than its Galactic Center counterpart. Thus, a
comparative study of these objects can be valuable in helping us to understand
the underlying physical basis for their activity. We show here that the
accretion model being developed for Sgr A* comprises two branches of solutions,
distinguished by the relative importance of cooling compared to compressional
heating at the radius $r_C$ where the ambient gas is captured by the black
hole. For typical conditions in the ISM, the initial temperature ($T[r_C]\sim
10^6-10^7$ K) sits on the unstable branch of the cooling function.
 Depending on the actual value of $T(r_C)$ and the accretion rate, the plasma
settles either onto a hot branch (attaining a temperature as high as $10^{10}
K$ or so at small radii) or a cold branch, in which $T$ drops to $\sim 10^4$ K.
Sgr A* is presumably a `hot' black hole. We show here that the VLA, UV and {\it
Chandra} observations of M31* reveal it to be a member of the `cold' black hole
family. We discuss several predicted features in the spectrum of M31* that may
be testable by future multi-wavelength observations, including the presence of
a prominent UV spike (from hydrogen line emission) that would be absent on the
hot branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 621 </DOCNO>
Strongly linked current flow in polycrystalline forms of the new


  The discovery of superconductivity at 39 K in MgB2[1] raises many issues. One
of the central questions is whether this new superconductor resembles a
high-temperature-cuprate superconductor or a low-temperature metallic
superconductor in terms of its current carrying characteristics in applied
magnetic fields. In spite of the very high transition temperatures of the
cuprate superconductors, their performance in magnetic fields has several
drawbacks[2]. Their large anisotropy restricts high bulk current densities to
much less than the full magnetic field-temperature (H-T) space over which
superconductivity is found. Further, weak coupling across grain boundaries
makes transport current densities in untextured polycrystalline forms low and
strongly magnetic field sensitive[3,4]. These studies of MgB2 address both
issues. In spite of the multi-phase, untextured, nano-scale sub-divided nature
of our samples, supercurrents flow throughout without the strong sensitivity to
weak magnetic fields characteristic of Josephson-coupled grains[3].
Magnetization measurements over nearly all of the superconducting H-T plane
show good temperature scaling of the flux pinning force, suggestive of a
current density determined by flux pinning. At least two length scales are
suggested by the magnetization and magneto optical (MO) analysis but the cause
of this seems to be phase inhomogeneity, porosity, and minority insulating
phase such as MgO rather than by weakly coupled grain boundaries. Our results
suggest that polycrystalline ceramics of this new class of superconductor will
not be compromised by the weak link problems of the high temperature
superconductors, a conclusion with enormous significance for applications if
higher temperature analogs of this compound can be discovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124442 </DOCNO>
Host galaxies and nuclear structure of AGN with H_2O megamasers as seen


  We present results of an HST survey in Halpha and continuum filters of a
sample of H_2O megamaser galaxies compiled by Braatz et al., all of which
contain AGN. These observations allow us to study the AGN/host-galaxy
connection, e.g. study the relation between the parsec scale masing disk/torus,
bipolar outflows, and large scale properties of the galaxies such as dust
lanes, signs for interaction, and galaxy types. A number of galaxies indeed
show large-scale bi-polar Halpha structures which, however, are more
reminiscent of outflows then excitation cones. Most megamaser galaxies are
found in spiral galaxies. Only one galaxy in the original sample is known to be
an elliptical and one galaxy imaged by us shows clear signs of interactions. In
all cases we see evidence for obscuration of the nucleus (e.g. dust-lanes) in
our color maps and the disk galaxies are preferentially edge on. This suggests
that the nuclear masing disk has some relation to the large scale properties of
the galaxy and the dust distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 90 </DOCNO>
Singularities, Structures and Scaling in Deformed Elastic m-Sheets


  The crumpling of a thin sheet can be understood as the condensation of
elastic energy into a network of ridges which meet in vertices. Elastic energy
condensation should occur in response to compressive strain in elastic objects
of any dimension greater than 1. We study elastic energy condensation
numerically in 2-dimensional elastic sheets embedded in spatial dimensions 3 or
4 and 3-dimensional elastic sheets embedded in spatial dimensions 4 and higher.
We represent a sheet as a lattice of nodes with an appropriate energy
functional to impart stretching and bending rigidity. Minimum energy
configurations are found for several different sets of boundary conditions. We
observe two distinct behaviors of local energy density fall-off away from
singular points, which we identify as cone scaling or ridge scaling. Using this
analysis we demonstrate that there are marked differences in the forms of
energy condensation depending on the embedding dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127926 </DOCNO>
Tentative Detection of Electric Dipole Emission from Rapidly Rotating


  We present the first tentative detection of spinning dust emission from
specific astronomical sources. All other detections in the current literature
are statistical. The Green Bank 140 foot telescope was used to observe 10 dust
clouds at 5, 8, and 10 GHz. In some cases, the observed emission was consistent
with the negative spectral slope expected for free-free emission (thermal
bremsstrahlung), but in two cases it was not. One HII region yields a rising
spectrum, inconsistent with free-free or synchrotron emission at the 10 sigma
level. One dark cloud (L 1622) has a similar spectrum with lower significance.
Both spectra are consistent with electric dipole emission from rapidly rotating
dust grains ("spinning dust"), as predicted by Draine & Lazarian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125652 </DOCNO>
Is cosmology consistent?


  We perform a detailed analysis of the latest CMB measurements (including
BOOMERaNG, DASI, Maxima and CBI), both alone and jointly with other
cosmological data sets involving, e.g., galaxy clustering and the Lyman Alpha
Forest. We first address the question of whether the CMB data are internally
consistent once calibration and beam uncertainties are taken into account,
performing a series of statistical tests. With a few minor caveats, our answer
is yes, and we compress all data into a single set of 24 bandpowers with
associated covariance matrix and window functions. We then compute joint
constraints on the 11 parameters of the ``standard'' adiabatic inflationary
cosmological model. Out best fit model passes a series of physical consistency
checks and agrees with essentially all currently available cosmological data.
In addition to sharp constraints on the cosmic matter budget in good agreement
with those of the BOOMERaNG, DASI and Maxima teams, we obtain a heaviest
neutrino mass range 0.04-4.2 eV and the sharpest constraints to date on gravity
waves which (together with preference for a slight red-tilt) favors
``small-field'' inflation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97496 </DOCNO>
Stable forms and special metrics


  We show how certain diffeomorphism-invariant functionals on differential
forms in dimensions 6,7 and 8 generate in a natural way special geometrical
structures in these dimensions: metrics of holonomy G2 and Spin(7), metrics
with weak holonomy SU(3) and G2, and a new and unexplored example in dimension
8. The general formalism becomes a practical tool for calculating homogeneous
or cohomogeneity one examples, and we illustrate this with some newly
discovered cases of Spin(7) and G2 metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129155 </DOCNO>
High resolution polarimetry of the inner Galaxy


  We present our results from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey, an effort to
map the fourth quadrant of the Milky Way in linear polarization at a frequency
of 1.4 GHz and at a resolution of 1-2 arcmin. These data are a powerful probe
of both the turbulence and large-scale structure of magneto-ionic gas, and have
revealed a variety of new features in the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97569 </DOCNO>
A New Weighted Metric: the Relative Metric I


  The M-relative distance, denoted by \rho_M is a generalization of the
p-relative distance, which was introduced by Ren-Cang Li. We establish
necessary and sufficient conditions under which \rho_M is a metric. In two
special cases we derive complete characterizations of the metric. We also
present a way of extending the results to metrics sensitive to the domain in
which they are defined, thus finding some connections to previously studied
metrics.
  An auxiliary result of independent interest is an inequality related to
Pittenger's inequality in Section 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3054 </DOCNO>
Weak localization and conductance fluctuations of a chaotic quantum dot


  In a two-dimensional quantum dot in a GaAs heterostructure, the spin-orbit
scattering rate is substantially reduced below the rate in a bulk
two-dimensional electron gas [B.I. Halperin et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2106
(2001)]. Such a reduction can be undone if the spin-orbit coupling parameters
acquire a spatial dependence, which can be achieved, e.g., by a metal gate
covering only a part of the quantum dot. We calculate the effect of such
spatially non-uniform spin-orbit scattering on the weak localization correction
and the universal conductance fluctuations of a chaotic quantum dot coupled to
electron reservoirs by ballistic point contacts, in the presence of a magnetic
field parallel to the plane of the quantum dot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114182 </DOCNO>
On the Relationship Between Proximal and Distal Stimuli and an Example


  The difference between proximal and distal stimuli is discussed and an
example of the significance of this difference to physics is pointed out in the
area of quantum teleportation. In particular, experimental evidence concerning
the relative status of the distal stimulus to the observer points toward the
relative nature of spatial orientation of objects. In quantum teleportation,
this result indicates that the amount of classical information that needs to be
transmitted to support the quantum transfer of information may be greater than
is expected when the distal stimulus is assumed, as it ordinarily is, to have
an absolute orientation in relation to the observer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5459 </DOCNO>
Nucleation in a Fermi liquid at negative pressure


  Experimental investigation of cavitation in liquid helium 3 has revealed a
singular behaviour in the degenerate region at low temperature. As the
temperature decreases below 80 mK, the cavitation pressure becomes
significantly more negative. To investigate this, we have extrapolated the
Fermi parameters in the negative pressure region. This allowed us to calculate
the zero sound velocity, which we found to remain finite at the spinodal limit
where the first sound velocity vanishes. We discuss the impact on the
nucleation of the gas phase in terms of a quantum stiffness of the Fermi
liquid. As a result we predict a cavitation pressure which is nearer to the
spinodal line than previously thought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76166 </DOCNO>
Discrete spectra of semirelativistic Hamiltonians from envelope theory


  We analyze the (discrete) spectrum of the semirelativistic
``spinless-Salpeter'' Hamiltonian H = \beta \sqrt{m^2 + p^2} + V(r), beta > 0,
where V(r) represents an attractive, spherically symmetric potential in three
dimensions. In order to locate the eigenvalues of H, we extend the ``envelope
theory,'' originally formulated only for nonrelativistic Schroedinger
operators, to the case of Hamiltonians H involving the relativistic
kinetic-energy operator. If V(r) is a convex transformation of the Coulomb
potential -1/r and a concave transformation of the harmonic-oscillator
potential r^2, both upper and lower bounds on the discrete eigenvalues of H can
be constructed, which may all be expressed in the form E = min_{r>0} [ \beta
\sqrt{m^2 + P^2/r^2} + V(r) ] for suitable values of the numbers P here
provided. At the critical point, the relative growth to the Coulomb potential
h(r) = -1/r must be bounded by dV/dh < 2 \beta/\pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128330 </DOCNO>
Turbulence, turbulent mixing, and gravitational structure formation in


  Turbulence and turbulent mixing of temperature powered the big bang formation
of the universe at Planck length, time, and temperature scales. Planck-Kerr
inertial-vortex forces balanced Planck gravitational forces to produce Planck
(particle-pair) gas, Planck-gas turbulence and space-time-energy. Inflation at
the strong force temperature fossilized the turbulence. Gluon-neutrino-photon
bulk viscous forces exceeded gravitational and inertial-vortex forces of the
baryonic (ordinary) matter during the radiation dominated hot plasma epoch, and
large diffusive velocities of the weakly interacting nonbaryonic dark matter
(possibly neutrinos) prevented gravitational structure formation of this
material, contrary to the 1902 Jeans acoustic criterion and "cold dark matter"
models. The first plasma structures were proto-galaxy-super-cluster fragments
and voids triggered by turbulent-viscous-gravitational masses matching the
horizon mass at time 10^12 s. The last plasma structures formed were
proto-galaxies. At the 10^13 s plasma-gas transition, the proto-galaxies
fragmented to form proto-globular-star-cluster clumps of earth-mass
primordial-fog-particles (PFPs) that now comprise the baryonic dark matter.
Observational evidence of PFPs is provided by young globular star clusters
formed when galaxies merge, thousands of cometary knots seen around dying
stars, and the rapid twinkling of lensed quasar images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74583 </DOCNO>
Off-Diagonal 5D Metrics and Mass Hierarchies with Anisotropies and


  The gravitational equations of the three dimensional (3D) brane world are
investigated for both off-diagonal and warped 5D metrics which can be
diagonalized with respect to some anholonomic frames when the gravitational and
matter fields dynamics are described by mixed sets of holonomic and anholonomic
variables. We construct two new classes of exact solutions of Kaluza-Klein
gravity which generalize the Randall-Sundrum metrics to configurations with
running on the 5th coordinate gravitational constant and anisotropic
dependencies of effective 4D constants on time and/or space variables. We
conclude that by introducing gauge fields as off-diagonal components of 5D
metrics, or by considering anholonomic frames modelling some anisotropies in
extra dimension spacetime, we induce anisotropic tensions (gravitational
polarizations) and running of constants on the branes. This way we can generate
the TeV scale as a hierarchically suppressed anisotropic mass scale and the
Newtonian and general relativistic gravity are reproduced with adequate
precisions but with corrections which depend anisotropically on some
coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128520 </DOCNO>
On Inverting Asteroseismic Data


  Some issues of inverting asteroseismic frequency data are discussed,
including the use of model calibration and linearized inversion. An
illustrative inversion of artificial data for solar-type stars, using
least-squares fitting of a small set of basis functions, is presented. A few
details of kernel construction are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86387 </DOCNO>
Inertia Manipulation through Metric Patching


  This paper will present the exact solution for the stress-energy tensor of a
spherical matter shell of finite thickness that will patch together different
metrics at the boundaries of the shell. The choice of vacuum field solutions
for the shell exterior and hollow interior that we make will allow us to
manipulate the inertial state of an object within the shell. The choice will
cause it to be in a state of acceleration with the shell relative to an
external observer for an indefinite time. The stress-energy tensor's solution
results in zero ship frame energy requirements, and only finite stress
requirements, and we show how any WEC violation can be avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123824 </DOCNO>
Comparison between Disk-like Objects Formed in Hierarchical


  We analyze the structural and dynamical properties of disk-like objects
formed in fully consistent cosmological simulations which include inefficient
star formation. Comparison with data of similar observable properties of spiral
galaxies gives satisfactory agreement, in contrast with previous findings using
other codes. This suggests that the stellar formation implementation used has
allowed the formation of disks as well as guaranteed their stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7568 </DOCNO>
Fragility of the glassy state of a directed polymer in random media: a


  We study the stability of the glassy equilibrium state of a directed polymer
in random media against weak perturbations including the intriguing problem of
temperature-chaos. The statistical correlation of two real replica systems
under perturbations, such as small difference of temperature, is studied using
the mapping to a quantum problem of interacting bosons. Explicit replica
symmetry breaking takes place being induced by the infinitesimally weak
perturbations in the $n \to 0$ limit followed by the thermodynamic limit which
leads to complete decorrelation of the two real replicas. The overlap lengths
anticipated by phenomenological scaling arguments are retrieved as a
correlation length associated with this explicit replica symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124774 </DOCNO>
Extreme synchrotron BL Lac objects


  We performed an observational program with the X-ray satellite BeppoSAX to
study objects with extreme synchrotron peak frequencies (nu_peak > 1 keV). Of
the seven sources observed, four showed peak frequencies in the range 1-5 keV,
while one (1ES 1426+428) displayed a flat power law spectrum (alpha= 0.92),
locating its synchrotron peak at or above 100 keV. This is the third source of
this type ever found, after Mkn 501 and 1ES 2344+514. Our data confirm the
large nu_peak variability of this class of sources, compared with lower peaked
objects. The high synchrotron peak energies, flagging the presence of high
energy electrons, make the extreme BL Lacs also good candidates for TeV
emission, and therefore good probes for the IR background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125265 </DOCNO>
Luminous and Dark Matter in the Milky Way


  (Abridged) Axisymmetric models of the Milky Way exhibit strong interrelations
between the Galactic constants (R_0 and T_0), the stellar columndensity (S_*)
and the shape of the dark matter (DM) halo. Here we present analytical
relations that can be used to investigate the effects of the uncertain gaseous
velocity dispersion on the HI flaring constraints. The contribution of cosmic
rays and magnetic fields to the pressure gradients is small. A significantly
flattened dark matter halo is only possible if R_0 <~ 6.8 kpc.
    If R_0 is larger than ~7 kpc, or T_0 >~ 170 km/s, we can rule out two DM
candidates that require a highly flattened DM halo: 1) decaying massive
neutrinos; and 2) a disk of cold molecular hydrogen.
     It is only possible to construct self-consistent models of the Galaxy
based on the IAU-recommended values for the Galactic constants in the unlikely
case that the the stellar columndensity is smaller than ~18 M_sun/pc^2. If we
assume that the halo is oblate and S_* = 35 +/- 5 M_sun/pc^2, R_0 <~ 8 kpc and
T_0 <~ 200 km/s.
     Combining the best kinematical and star-count estimates of S_*, we
conclude that: 25 <~ S_* <~ 45 M_sun/pc^2. Kuijken & Gilmore's (1991)
determination of the columndensity of matter with |z|<=1.1 kpc is robust and
valid over a wide range of Galactic constants.
     Our mass models show that the DM density in the Galactic centre is
uncertain by a factor 1000. In the Solar neighbourhood we find: rho_DM ~0.42
GeV/c^2/cm^3 or (11 +/- 5) mM_sun/pc^3 -- roughly 15% of rho_tot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97961 </DOCNO>
Orbifold Cohomology of the Symmetric Product


  Chen and Ruan's orbifold cohomology of the symmetric product of a complex
manifold is calculated. An isomorphism of rings (up to a change of signs)
$H_{orb}^*(X^n/S_n;\complex) \cong H^*(X^{[n]};\complex)$ between the orbifold
cohomology of the symmetric product of a smooth projective surface with trivial
canonical class $X$ and the cohomology of its Hilbert scheme $X^{[n]}$ is
obtained, yielding a positive answer to a conjecture of Ruan.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98679 </DOCNO>
The Sasaki Hook is not a [Static] Implicative Connective but Induces a


  In this paper we argue that the Sasaki adjunction, which formally encodes the
logicality that different authors tried to attach to the Sasaki hook as a
`quantum implicative connective', has a fundamental dynamic nature and encodes
the so-called `causal duality' (Coecke, Moore and Stubbe 2001;
quant-ph/0009100) for the particular case of a quantum measurement with a
projector as corresponding self-adjoint operator. In particular: The action of
the Sasaki hook $(a\stackrel{S}{\to}-)$ for fixed antecedent $a$ assigns to
some property ``the weakest cause before the measurement of actuality of that
property after the measurement'', i.e. ${(a\stackrel{S}{\to}b)}$ is the weakest
property that guarantees actuality of $b$ after performing the measurement
represented by the projector that has the `subspace $a$' as eigenstates for
eigenvalue 1, say, the measurement that `tests' $a$ . From this we conclude
that the logicality attributable to quantum systems contains a fundamentally
dynamic ingredient: Causal duality actually provides a new dynamic
interpretation of orthomodularity. We also reconsider the status of the Sasaki
hook within `dynamic (operational) quantum logic' (DOQL). We can derive two
labeled dynamic hooks (forwardly and backwardly) that encode how quantum
measurements act on properties. In an even more radical perspective one could
say that the transition from either classical or constructive/intuitionistic
logic to quantum logic entails besides the introduction of an additional unary
connective `operational resolution' (Coecke 2001a; math.LO/0011208) the shift
from a binary connective implication to a ternary connective where two of the
arguments refer to qualities of the system and the third, the new one, to an
obtained outcome (in a measurement).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73594 </DOCNO>
Comment on Intrinsic and dynamically generated scalar meson states


  The scalar-meson assignments of Shakin and Wang in a generalized
Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model are contradicted by recent experimental information.
Also the strict distinction made by these authors between ``intrinsic'' and
``dynamically generated'' states is contested, as well as a number of other
statements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148678 </DOCNO>
The fate of the type I non-BPS D7-brane


  We describe the fate of the Type I non-BPS D7-brane, which is tachyonic but
carries a non-trivial K-theory $\IZ_2$ charge. It decays to topologically
non-trivial gauge field configurations on the background D9-branes. In the
uncompactified theory the decay proceeds to infinity, while with a transverse
torus the decay reaches a final state, a toron gauge configuration with
vanishing Chern classes but non-trivial $\IZ_2$ charge. A similar behaviour is
obtained for the type I non-BPS D8-brane, and other related systems. We
construct explicit examples of type IIB orientifolds with non-BPS D7-branes,
which are hence non-supersymmetric, but for which supersymmetry is restored
upon condensation of the tachyon. We also report on the interesting structure
of non-BPS states of type IIA theory in the presence of an O6-plane, their
M-theory lifts, the relation between string theory K-theory and M-theory
cohomology, and its interplay with NS-NS charged objects. We discuss several
new effects, including: i) transmutation between NS-NS and RR torsion charges,
ii) non-BPS states classified by K-theory but not by cohomology in string
theory, but whose lift to M-theory is cohomological.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76907 </DOCNO>
Strangeness in strongly interacting matter


  This talk is devoted to review the field of strangeness production in
(ultra-)relativistic heavy ion collisions within our present theoretical
understanding. Historically there have been (at least) three major ideas for
the interest in the production of strange hadronic particles: (1) mass
modification of the kaons in a (baryon-)dense environment; (2) (early) K+ -
production probes the nuclear equation of state (EoS); (3) enhanced strangeness
production especially in the (multi-)strange (anti-)baryon channels as a signal
of quark gluon plasma (QGP) formation. As a guideline for the discussion I
employ the extensive experience with microscopic hadronic transport models. In
addition, I elaborate on the recent idea of antihyperon production solely by
means of multi-mesonic fusion-type reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5418 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike approximation for three-dimensional


  An Ornstein-Zernike approximation for the two-body correlation function
embodying thermodynamic consistency is applied to a system of classical
Heisenberg spins on a three-dimensional lattice. The consistency condition
determined in a previous work is supplemented by introducing a simplified
expression for the mean-square fluctuations of the spin on each lattice site.
The thermodynamics and the correlations obtained by this closure are then
compared with approximants based on extrapolation of series expansions and with
Monte Carlo simulations. The comparison reveals that many properties of the
model, including the critical temperature, are very well reproduced by this
simple version of the theory, but that it shows substantial quantitative error
in the critical region, both above the critical temperature and with respect to
its rendering of the spontaneous magnetization curve. A less simple but
conceptually more satisfactory version of the SCOZA is then developed, but not
solved, in which the effects of transverse correlations on the longitudinal
susceptibility is included, yielding a more complete and accurate description
of the spin-wave properties of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74734 </DOCNO>
On the Evolution of Abelian-Higgs String Networks


  We study the evolution of Abelian-Higgs string networks in large-scale
numerical simulations in both a static and expanding background. We measure the
properties of the network by tracing the motion of the string cores, for the
first time estimating the rms velocity of the strings and the invariant string
length, that is, the true network energy density. These results are compared
with a velocity-dependent one scale model for cosmic string network evolution.
This incorporates the contributions of loop production, massive radiation and
friction to the energy loss processes that are required for scaling evolution.
We use this analysis as a basis for discussing the relative importance of these
mechanisms for the evolution of the network. We find that the loop distribution
statistics in the simulations are consistent with the long-time scaling of the
network being dominated by loop production. Making justifiable extrapolations
to cosmological scales, these results appear to be consistent with the standard
picture of local string network evolution in which loop production and
gravitational radiation are the dominant decay mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75155 </DOCNO>
Diquark Condensate in QCD with Two Colors at Next-to-Leading Order


  We study QCD with two colors and quarks in the fundamental representation at
finite baryon density in the limit of light quark masses. In this limit the
free energy of this theory reduces to the free energy of a chiral Lagrangian
which is based on the symmetries of the microscopic theory. In earlier work
this Lagrangian was analyzed at the mean field level and a phase transition to
a phase of condensed diquarks was found at a chemical potential of half the
diquark mass (which is equal to the pion mass). In this article we analyze this
theory at next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory. We show that the
theory is renormalizable and calculate the next-to-leading order free energy in
both phases of the theory. By deriving a Landau-Ginzburg theory for the order
parameter we show that the finite one-loop contribution and the next-to-leading
order terms in the chiral Lagrangian do not qualitatively change the phase
transition. In particular, the critical chemical potential is equal to half the
next-to-leading order pion mass, and the phase transition is second order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41634 </DOCNO>
Light quark masses from scalar sum rules


  In this work, the mass of the strange quark is calculated from QCD sum rules
for the divergence of the strangeness-changing vector current. The
phenomenological scalar spectral function which enters the sum rule is
determined from our previous work on strangeness-changing scalar form factors
[1]. For the running strange mass in the MS_bar scheme, we find m_s(2 GeV) = 99
+- 16 MeV. Making use of this result and the light-quark mass ratios obtained
from chiral perturbation theory, we are also able to extract the masses of the
lighter quarks m_u and m_d. We then obtain m_u(2 GeV) = 2.9 +- 0.6 MeV and
m_d(2 GeV) = 5.2 +- 0.9 MeV. In addition, we present an updated value for the
light quark condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81118 </DOCNO>
Finite-size-scaling functions for 3d O(4) and O(2) spin models and QCD


  We calculate numerically universal finite-size-scaling functions for the
three-dimensional O(4) and O(2) models. The approach of these functions to the
infinite-volume scaling functions is studied in detail on the critical and
pseudocritical lines. For this purpose we determine the pseudocritical line in
two different ways. We find that the asymptotic form of the finite-size-scaling
functions is already reached at small values of the scaling variable. A
comparison with QCD lattice data for two flavours of staggered fermions shows a
similar finite-size behaviour which is compatible with that of the spin models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98021 </DOCNO>
Integrable Structure of the Dirichlet Boundary Problem in Two Dimensions


  We study how the solution of the two-dimensional Dirichlet boundary problem
for smooth simply connected domains depends upon variations of the data of the
problem. We show that the Hadamard formula for the variation of the Dirichlet
Green function under deformations of the domain reveals an integrable
structure. The independent variables corresponding to the infinite set of
commuting flows are identified with harmonic moments of the domain. The
solution to the Dirichlet boundary problem is expressed through the
tau-function of the dispersionless Toda hierarchy. We also discuss a degenerate
case of the Dirichlet problem on the plane with a gap. In this case the
tau-function is identical to the partition function of the planar large $N$
limit of the Hermitean one-matrix model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73937 </DOCNO>
Accelerating Universe and Event Horizon


  It has been argued in the literature that if a universe is expanding with an
accelerating rate indefinitely, it presents a challenge to string theories due
to the existence of event horizons. We study the fate of a currently
accelerating universe. We show that the universe will continue to accelerate
indefinitely if the parameter $\omega = p/\rho$ of the equation of state is a
constant, no matter how many different types of energy (matter, radiation,
quintessence, cosmological constant and etc) are contained in the universe.
This type of universe will always exhibit an event horizon indicating that such
a universe may not be derived from string theories. We also comment on some
related issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168959 </DOCNO>
To the finite information content of the physically existing reality


  Every physical measuring needs a finite, different from zero measurement time
and provides information in form of the choice of a measurement result from all
possible measurement results. If infinitely many (different) measurement
results would be possible, the choice of a measurement result could deliver an
infinite quantity of information. But the results of physical measurings (of
finite duration) never deliver an infinite quantity of information, they
describe past, finite reality. Therefore the set of all possible measurement
results a priori is finite. In the physical reality only a finite information
quantity can be processed within a finite time interval. For mathematical
models whose representation requires a processing of an infinite quantity of
information, for example irrational numbers, no (exact) equivalent exists in
the physical reality. So mathematical calculations, which have an equivalent in
physical reality, can include only rational (finitely many elementary)
combinations of rational numbers. Conclusions arise from this for the
foundations of mathematical physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86464 </DOCNO>
Green's function for a n-dimensional closed, static universe and with a


  We construct the Hadamard Green's function by using the eigenfunction, which
are obtained by solving the wave equation for the massless conformal scalar
field on the S^n-1 of a n-dimensional closed, static universe. We also consider
the half space case with both the Dirichlet and the Neumann boundary
conditions. Solving of eigenfunction and eigenvalues of the corresponding field
equation is interesting since the Casimir energy could be calculated
analytically by various methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74170 </DOCNO>
A new sum rule to determine Vub/Vcb


  We present a new sum rule which does not contain any Landau-pole effect and
allows a determination of Vub/Vcb with a theoretical error of O(5%).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7508 </DOCNO>
Creation of Knots in Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We present two types of interactions which can give rise to the topologically
stable knots solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. The first is
the non-linear self interaction, but the second is the electromagnetic
interaction. In both cases we show that there is a remarkable interplay between
topology and dynamics which transforms the topologcal stability to the
dynamical stability, and vise versa. We discuss how these knots can be
constructed in the spin-1/2 condensate of $^{87}{\rm Rb}$ atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83831 </DOCNO>
Open Access beyond cable: The case of Interactive TV


  In this paper we analyze the development of interactive TV in the U.S. and
Western Europe. We argue that despite the nascent character of the market there
are important regulatory issues at stake, as exemplified by the AOL/TW merger
and the British Interactive Broadcasting case. Absent rules that provide for
non-discriminatory access to network components (including terminal equipment
specifications), dominant platform operators are likely to leverage ownership
of delivery infrastructure into market power over interactive TV services.
While integration between platform operator, service provider and terminal
vendor may facilitate the introduction of services in the short-term, the
lasting result will be a collection of fragmented "walled gardens" offering
limited content and applications. Would interactive TV develop under such
model, the exciting opportunities for broad-based innovation and extended
access to multiple information, entertainment and educational services opened
by the new generation of broadcasting technologies will be foregone

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74422 </DOCNO>
Non-linear evolution and parton distributions at low x


  We suggest a new procedure for extrapolating the parton distributions from
HERA to much higher energies. The procedure suggested consists of two steps.
First, we solve the non-linear evolution equation. Second, we introduce a
correcting function for which we write a DGLAP-type linear evolution equation.
The nonlinear equation is solved numerically and estimates for the saturation
scale, as well as for the gluon density at THERA and LHC energies are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96675 </DOCNO>
Quantum algebraic symmetries in atomic clusters, molecules and nuclei


  Quantum algebras (also called quantum groups) are deformed versions of the
usual Lie algebras, to which they reduce when the deformation parameter q is
set equal to unity. From the mathematical point of view they are Hopf algebras.
Their use in physics became popular with the introduction of the q-deformed
harmonic oscillator as a tool for providing a boson realization of the quantum
algebra SUq(2), although similar mathematical structures had already been
known. Initially used for solving the quantum Yang-Baxter equation, quantum
algebras have subsequently found applications in several branches of physics,
as, for example, in the description of spin chains, squeezed states, hydrogen
atom and hydrogen-like spectra, rotational and vibrational nuclear and
molecular spectra, and in conformal field theories. By now much work has been
done on the q-deformed oscillator and its relativistic extensions, and several
kinds of generalized deformed oscillators and SU(2) algebras have been
introduced. Here we shall confine ourselves to a list of applications of
quantum algebras in nuclear structure physics and in molecular physics and, in
addition, a recent application of quantum algebraic techniques to the structure
of atomic clusters will be discussed in more detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169493 </DOCNO>
Lower Bounds on the Quantum Capacity and Highest Error Exponent of


  Tradeoffs between the information rate and fidelity of quantum
error-correcting codes are discussed. Quantum channels to be considered are
those subject to independent errors and modeled as tensor products of copies of
a general completely positive linear map, where the dimension of the underlying
Hilbert space is a prime number. On such a quantum channel, the highest
fidelity of a quantum error-correcting code of length $n$ and rate R is proven
to be lower bounded by 1 - \exp [-n E(R) + o(n)] for some function E(R). The
E(R) is positive below some threshold R', which implies R' is a lower bound on
the quantum capacity. The result of this work applies to general channels,
including channel models derived from a physical law of time evolution, or from
master equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149710 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Structures in BSFT and RR couplings


  In this talk we show that the tachyon annihilation combined with an
approximation, in which string theory non-commutativity structure is captured
by the algebra of differential operators on space-time, gives a unified point
of view on: non-Abelian structures on $D$-branes; all lowest energy excitations
on $D$-branes; all RR couplings in type II string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73541 </DOCNO>
A remark on higher dimension induced domain wall defects in our world


  There has been recent interest in new types of topological defects arising in
models with compact extra dimensions. We discuss in this context the old
statement that if only SU(N) gauge fields and adjoint matter live in the bulk,
and the coupling is weak, then the theory possesses a spontaneously broken
global Z(N) symmetry, with associated domain wall defects in four dimensions.
We discuss the behaviour of this symmetry at high temperatures. We argue that
the symmetry gets restored, so that cosmological domain wall production could
be used to constrain such models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3397 </DOCNO>
Exponential Temperature Dependence of Penetration Depth in MgB_2


  The temperature dependence of the London penetration depth, $\lambda(T)$, was
measured in polycrystalline MgB$_2$ samples by a high-resolution, radio
frequency technique. A clear exponential temperature dependence of $\lambda(T)$
was observed at low temperature, indicating s-wave pairing. A fit to the data
gives an effective energy gap $\Delta$ of $2.8\pm0.4$ meV
($2\Delta/k_BT_c=1.7\pm0.2$), which is significantly smaller than the standard
BCS weak coupling value of 3.5. This may be explained either by an anisotropic
gap or the influence of low frequency phonon modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124625 </DOCNO>
Radio and Infrared Properties of Dust-Enshrouded Wolf-Rayet Stars


  This paper discusses our ongoing efforts to characterize dust-enshrouded
Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars in the radio and infrared. We have used the Very Large
Array to measure the broadband radio spectrum of WR stars in suspected binary
systems and discovered non-thermal emission, which is usually attributed to
colliding winds. In addition, infrared imaging using aperture masking
interferometry on the Keck-I telescope has resolved the dust shells around a
number of WR stars with K-magnitudes brighter than ~6. Although this admittedly
small study suffers from selection bias, we note that all the dust-enshrouded
WR stars with radio detections show evidence for colliding winds, supporting
the theory that wind compression in a binary system is necessary for efficient
dust production. A consequence of this hypothesis is that virtually all WC8-10
stars must be in binaries, since most are dusty. Single-star and binary stellar
evolution models will have to be modified to accommodate this observational
result if confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72485 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading order mass effects in QCD Compton process of polarized


  The method originally developed for the exact calculations in QED theory is
applied for the calculation of NLO effects in QCD Compton processes. QCD
corrections to the structure functions and sum rules are obtained. Different
interpretations of the NLO effects due to finite quark mass are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5600 </DOCNO>
Barkhausen Noise in a Relaxor Ferroelectric


  Barkhausen noise, including both periodic and aperiodic components, is found
in and near the relaxor regime of a familiar relaxor ferroelectric,
PbMg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3}$O$_3$, driven by a periodic electric field. The
temperature dependences of both the amplitude and spectral form show that the
size of the coherent dipole moment changes shrink as the relaxor regime is
entered, contrary to expectations based on some simple models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77109 </DOCNO>
Global duality in heavy flavor hadronic decays


  We show that heavy meson hadronic decay widths satisfy quark-hadron duality
when smeared over the heavy quark mass, M, to an accuracy of order 1/M^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128403 </DOCNO>
Matter in the Local Universe


  In this contribution we review the large body of work carried out over the
past two decades to probe the dark matter in the local universe using redshift
survey and peculiar velocity data. While redshift surveys have evolved rapidly
over the years, gathering suitable peculiar velocity data and understanding the
short-comings of different analyses have proven to be a difficult task. These
difficulties have led to conflicting results which have casted some doubts on
the usefulness of cosmic flows to constrain cosmological models. Recently,
however, a consistent picture seems to be finally emerging with various methods
of analyses applied to different data sets yielding concordant results. These
favor a low-density universe, with constraints which are in good agreement with
those obtained from LSS, high-redshift supernovae and CMB studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129202 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Speed of Sound of Quintessence


  Quintessence, a time-varying energy component that may account for the
accelerated expansion of the universe, can be characterized by its equation of
state and sound speed. In this paper, we show that if the quintessence density
is at least one percent of the critical density at the surface of last
scattering the cosmic microwave background anisotropy can distinguish between
models whose sound speed is near the speed of light versus near zero, which
could be useful in distinguishing competing candidates for dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72947 </DOCNO>
Hide and Seek with Neutralino Dark Matter WIMP


  As experimental sensitivity increases, one is approaching the range of
WIMP-nucleon interaction strengths characteristic of neutralinos. But this
continuing progress also unearths new experimental challenges and
uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113610 </DOCNO>
Phantom of Higgs Boson Versus Hierarchy of Stationary States of


  As is known, the Standard Model mainly ideologically and qualitatively focuss
the experimenters in their search of new mass states (of EP- elementary
particles). The exact quantitative prognosis of their properties, especially of
masses, lays outside opportunities of the usual theory. Model of Stationary
states of EP within the framework of the Wave Universe Concept [Chechelnitsky,
1980-2001] points on existence of Hierarchy of physically distinguished -
stationary (elite, dominant) states described by the mass formulas, in
particular, in a range 10-210 Gev/c^2.
  The states close to:
  ..., 101.5; 107.3; 112.76-113; 139.5-143; 147.6; 202 Gev/c^2 should be
observed.
  Apparently, the experiment already confirms this prognosis in a range up to
100 Gev/c^2. You see preferable states, observable already now in experiment,
it - not rejected by the usual theory as the candidates in constituents of
Standard model (for example, not holding Higgs bosons), but quite real displays
of stationary (first of all, -dominant) mass states. Last data of L3 (CERN)
Collaboration really specify displays of new mass states and close to 103.7;
108.9; 114.5 Gev/c^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179514 </DOCNO>
Transition from BCS pairing to Bose-Einstein condensation in low-density


  We study the isospin-singlet neutron-proton pairing in bulk nuclear matter as
a function of density and isospin asymmetry within the BCS formalism. In the
high-density, weak-coupling regime the neutron-proton paired state is strongly
suppressed by a minor neutron excess. As the system is diluted, the BCS state
with large, overlapping Cooper pairs evolves smoothly into a Bose-Einstein
condensate of tightly bound neutron-proton pairs (deuterons). In the resulting
low-density system a neutron excess is ineffective in quenching the pair
correlations because of the large spatial separation of the deuterons and
neutrons. As a result, the Bose-Einstein condensation of deuterons is weakly
affected by an additional gas of free neutrons even at very large asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4824 </DOCNO>
Soft Mode Dynamics Above and Below the Burns Temperature in the Relaxor


  We report neutron inelastic scattering measurements of the lowest-energy
transverse optic (TO) phonon branch in the relaxor Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O_3 from 400
to 1100 K. Far above the Burns temperature T_d ~ 620 K we observe well-defined
propagating TO modes at all wave vectors q, and a zone center TO mode that
softens in a manner consistent with that of a ferroelectric soft mode. Below
T_d the zone center TO mode is overdamped. This damping extends up to, but not
above, the waterfall wave vector q_wf, which is a measure of the average size
of the PNR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 968 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared Excitations below the Kohn Mode: Internal Motion in a


  We have investigated the far-infrared response of quantum dots in modulation
doped GaAs heterostructures. We observe novel modes at frequencies below the
center-of-mass Kohn mode. Comparison with Hartree-RPA calculations show that
these modes arise from the flattened potential in our field-effect confined
quantum dots. They reflect pronounced relative motion of the charge density
with respect to the center-of-mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75344 </DOCNO>
Options for Gauge Groups in Five-Dimensional Supergravity


  Motivated by the possibility that physics may be effectively five-dimensional
over some range of distance scales, we study the possible gaugings of
five-dimensional N=2 supergravity. Using a constructive approach, we derive the
conditions that must be satisfied by the scalar fields in the vector, tensor
and hypermultiplets if a given global symmetry is to be gaugeable. We classify
all those theories that admit the gauging of a compact group that is either
Abelian or semi-simple, or a direct product of a semi-simple and an Abelian
group. In the absence of tensor multiplets, either the gauge group must be
semi-simple or the Abelian part has to be U(1)_R and/or an Abelian isometry of
the hyperscalar manifold. On the other hand, in the presence of tensor
multiplets the gauge group cannot be semi-simple. As an illustrative exercise,
we show how the Standard Model SU(3) X SU(2) X U(1) group may be gauged in
five-dimensional N=2 supergravity. We also show how previous special results
may be recovered within our general formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85736 </DOCNO>
Some results on the integrability of Einstein's field equations for


  Using an orthonormal Lorentz frame approach to axistationary perfect fluid
spacetimes, we have formulated the necessary and sufficient equations as a
first order system, and investigated the integrability conditions of this set
of equations. The integrability conditions are helpful tools when it comes to
check the consequences and/or compatibility of certain simplifying assumptions,
e.g. Petrov types. Furthermore, using this method, a relation between the fluid
shear and vorticity is found for barotropic fluids. We collect some results
concerning Petrov types, and it is found that an incompressible axistationary
perfect fluid must be of Petrov type I.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81256 </DOCNO>
Infrared Yang-Mills theory as a spin system. A lattice approach


  To verify the conjecture that Yang-Mills theory in the infrared limit is
equivalent to a spin system whose excitations are knot solitons, a numerical
algorithm based on the inverse Monte Carlo method is proposed. To investigate
the stability of the effective spin field action, numerical studies of the
renormalization group flow for the coupling constants are suggested. A
universality of the effective spin field action is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2349 </DOCNO>
Heat capacity and pairing transition in nuclei


  A simple model based on the canonical-ensemble theory is outlined for hot
nuclei. The properties of the model are discussed with respect to the Fermi gas
model and the breaking of Cooper pairs. The model describes well the
experimental level density of deformed nuclei in various mass regions. The
origin of the so-called S-shape of the heat capacity curve Cv(T) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179402 </DOCNO>
11Li stability and its single particle structure


  The stability of the 11Li exotic nucleus is discussed focusing on the
existence of single particle positive energy components in its ground state
structure. The existence of these continuum components is an outcome of many
models using the available experimental data of 10Li. We show that if this were
the case, the 11Li main decay mode could not be the beta decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169064 </DOCNO>
Quantum coherence generated by interference-induced state selectiveness


  The relations between quantum coherence and quantum interference are
discussed. A general method for generation of quantum coherence through
interference-induced state selection is introduced and then applied to `simple'
atomic systems under two-photon transitions, with applications in quantum
optics and laser cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96446 </DOCNO>
A note on del Pezzo fibrations of degree 1


  We study del Pezzo fibrations of degree 1 with terminal singularities. A
connection between singularities on del Pezzo surfaces of degree 1 and
Kodaira's classification of elliptic singular fibers will be studied in this
paper. By this investigation we obtain several results on birational maps of
del Pezzo fibrations of degree 1 with terminal singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6171 </DOCNO>
Anomalous magneto-oscillations and spin precession


  A semiclassical analysis based on concepts developed in quantum chaos reveals
that anomalous magneto-oscillations in quasi two-dimensional systems with
spin-orbit interaction reflect the non-adiabatic spin precession of a classical
spin vector along the cyclotron orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148818 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative X-Y model and Kosterlitz Thouless transition


  Matrix models have been shown to be equivalent to noncommutative field
theories. In this work we study noncommutative X-Y model and try to understand
Kosterlitz Thouless transition in it by analysing the equivalent matrix model.
We consider the cases of a finite lattice and infinite lattice separately. We
show that the critical value of the matrix model coupling is identical for the
finite and infinite lattice cases. However, the critical values of the coupling
of the continuum field theory, in the large $ N $ limit, is finite in the
infinite lattice case and zero in the case of finite lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2888 </DOCNO>
A new approach to strongly correlated fermion systems: the


  We describe a new path integral approach to strongly correlated fermion
systems, considering the Hubbard model as a specific example. Our approach is
based on the introduction of spin-particle-hole coherent states which
generalize the spin-1/2 coherent states by allowing the creation of a hole or
an additional particle. The action of the fermion system
$S[\gamma^*,\gamma;{\bf\Omega}]$ can be expressed as a function of two
Grassmann variables ($\gamma_\uparrow$,$\gamma_\downarrow$) describing
particles propagating in the lower and upper Hubbard bands, and a unit vector
field ${\bf\Omega}$ whose dynamics arises from spin fluctuations. In the strong
correlation limit, $S[\gamma^*,\gamma;{\bf\Omega}]$ can be truncated to quartic
order in the fermionic fields and used as the starting point of a
strong-coupling diagrammatic expansion in $t/U$ ($t$ being the intersite
hopping amplitude and $U$ the on-site Coulomb repulsion). We discuss possible
applications of this formalism and its connection to the t-J model and the
spin-fermion model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75428 </DOCNO>
From SPS to RHIC: Breaking the Barrier to the Quark-Gluon Plasma


  After 15 years of heavy-ion collision experiments at the AGS and SPS, the
recent turn-on of RHIC has initiated a new stage of quark-gluon plasma studies.
I review the evidence for deconfined quark-gluon matter at SPS energies and the
recent confirmation of some of the key ideas by the new RHIC data. Measurements
of the elliptic flow at RHIC provide strong evidence for efficient
thermalization during the very early partonic collision stage, resulting in a
well-developed quark-gluon plasma with almost ideal fluid-dynamical collective
behaviour and a lifetime of several fm/c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179534 </DOCNO>
Single particle properties of 16O and 40Ca


  We discuss some single particle properties of $^{16}$O and $^{40}$Ca using
correlated basis function theory and Fermi hypernetted chain equations with
central and tensor correlations. In particular, we concentrate on one body
density matrix, momentum distribution, natural orbits and quasi hole states.
The correlations are variationally generated by a realistic hamiltonian
containing the Argonne $v'_{8}$ two-nucleon and Urbana IX three-nucleon
interactions. The correlated momentum distributions show the well known
enhancement at large momenta, with a relative importance of the different
correlations (Jastrow and tensor) similar to that in nuclear matter. The
natural orbits and their occupation numbers are obtained by diagonalization of
the density matrix. The correlated first natural orbits occupations are
depleted by more than 10%, whereas the first following ones are occupied by a
few percent. The spectroscopic factors of the valence states are lowered by
$\sim 8-12%$ with respect to unity by central and tensor correlations,
confirming that short range correlations alone are not able to explain the
values extracted from $(e,e'p)$ experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125023 </DOCNO>
On The Origin of Radio Halos in Galaxy Clusters


  Previously it has been recognized that radio halos in galaxy clusters are
preferentially associated with merging systems as indicated by substructure in
the X-ray images and temperature maps. Since, however, many clusters without
radio halos also possess substructure, the role of mergers in the formation of
radio halos has remained unclear. By using power ratios to relate gravitational
potential fluctuations to substructure in X-ray images, we provide the first
quantitative comparison of the dynamical states of clusters possessing radio
halos. A correlation between the 1.4 GHz power (P_{1.4}) of the radio halo (or
relic) and the magnitude of the dipole power ratio (P_1/P_0) is discovered such
that approximately P_{1.4} ~ P_1/P_0; i.e., the strongest radio halos appear
only in those clusters currently experiencing the largest departures from a
virialized state. From additional consideration of a small number of highly
disturbed clusters without radio halos detected at 1.4 GHz, and recalling that
radio halos are more common in clusters with high X-ray luminosity (Giovannini,
Tordi, & Feretti), we argue that radio halos form preferentially in massive
(L_x >~ 0.5 x 10^{45} erg/s) clusters experiencing violent mergers (P_1/P_0 >~
0.5 x 10^{-4}) that have seriously disrupted the cluster core. The association
of radio halos with massive, large-P_1/P_0, core-disrupted clusters is able to
account for both the vital role of mergers in accelerating the relativistic
particles responsible for the radio emission as well as the rare occurrence of
radio halos in cluster samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150133 </DOCNO>
Stress Energy tensor in LCFT and the Logarithmic Sugawara construction


  We discuss the partners of the stress energy tensor and their structure in
Logarithmic conformal field theories. In particular we draw attention to the
fundamental differences between theories with zero and non-zero central charge.
However they are both characterised by at least two independent parameters. We
show how, by using a generalised Sugawara construction, one can calculate the
logarithmic partner of T. We show that such a construction works in the c=-2
theory using the conformal dimension one primary currents which generate a
logarithmic extension of the Kac-Moody algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179745 </DOCNO>
Three-Cluster Equation Using Two-Cluster RGM Kernel


  We propose a new type of three-cluster equation which uses two-cluster
resonating-group-method (RGM) kernels. In this equation, the orthogonality of
the total wave-function to two-cluster Pauli-forbidden states is essential to
eliminate redundant components admixed in the three-cluster systems. The
explicit energy-dependence inherent in the exchange RGM kernel is
self-consistently determined. For bound-state problems, this equation is
straightforwardly transformed to the Faddeev equation which uses a modified
singularity-free T-matrix constructed from the two-cluster RGM kernel. The
approximation of the present three-cluster formalism can be examined with more
complete calculation using the three-cluster RGM. As a simple example, we
discuss three di-neutron (3d') and 3 alpha systems in the harmonic-oscillator
variational calculation. The result of the Faddeev calculation is also
presented for the 3' system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126886 </DOCNO>
Large scale star formation in galaxies. II. The spirals NGC 3377A, NGC


  The identification of young star groupings (YSG) in the three spiral galaxies
NGC 3377A, NGC 3507, NGC 4394 is obtained by mean of the statistical method
described in Paper I. We find 83, 90, 185 YSGs, respectively. An identification
map of YSGs, as well as their size distribution, their B-luminosity function,
their surface luminosity density radial behaviour, are presented and
comparatively discussed. These data, in addition to those in Paper I,
constitute a first sample suitable for seeking correlations among properties of
galaxies and their YSG, which we briefly discuss here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98804 </DOCNO>
On persistence of invariant tori and a theorem by Nekhoroshev


  We give a proof of a theorem by N.N. Nekhoroshev concerning Hamiltonian
systems with $n$ degrees of freedom and $s$ integrals of motion in involution,
where $1 \le s \le n$. Such a theorem ensures persistence of $s$-dimensional
invariant tori under suitable nondegeneracy conditions generalizing
Poincar\'e's condition on the Floquet multipliers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75255 </DOCNO>
Spectral representation and QCD sum rules for nucleon at finite


  We examine the problem of constructing spectral representations for two point
correlation functions, needed to write down the QCD sum rules in the medium. We
suggest constructing them from the Feynman diagrams for the correlation
functions. As an example we use this procedure to write the QCD sum rules for
the nucleon current at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40984 </DOCNO>
Probing Anomalous Top-Couplings through the Final Lepton Angular and


  The angular and energy distributions of the final lepton in e ebar t tbar -->
l^{+-} X at next linear colliders (NLC) are analyzed a model-independent way
for arbitrary longitudinal beam polarizations as sensitive tests of possible
anomalous top-quark couplings. The angular-energy distribution is expressed as
a combination of independent functions of the angle and the energy, where each
anomalous parameter is the coefficient of an individual term. Every parameter
could be thereby determined simultaneously via the optimal-observable
procedure. On the other hand, anomalous tbW couplings totally decouple from the
angular distribution, which enables us to study t-tbar-gamma/Z couplings
exclusively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168544 </DOCNO>
Decoherence, einselection, and the quantum origins of the classical


  Decoherence is caused by the interaction with the environment. Environment
monitors certain observables of the system, destroying interference between the
pointer states corresponding to their eigenvalues. This leads to
environment-induced superselection or einselection, a quantum process
associated with selective loss of information. Einselected pointer states are
stable. They can retain correlations with the rest of the Universe in spite of
the environment. Einselection enforces classicality by imposing an effective
ban on the vast majority of the Hilbert space, eliminating especially the
flagrantly non-local "Schr\"odinger cat" states. Classical structure of phase
space emerges from the quantum Hilbert space in the appropriate macroscopic
limit: Combination of einselection with dynamics leads to the idealizations of
a point and of a classical trajectory. In measurements, einselection replaces
quantum entanglement between the apparatus and the measured system with the
classical correlation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4035 </DOCNO>
Influence of mass polydispersity on dynamics of simple liquids and


  We conduct molecular dynamics computer simulations of a system of
Lennard-Jones particles, polydisperse in both size and mass, at a fixed density
and temperature. We test for and quantify systematic changes in dynamical
properties that result from polydispersity, by measuring the pair distribution
function, diffusion coefficient, velocity autocorrelation function, and
non-Gaussian parameter, as a function of the degree of polydispersity. Our
results elucidate the interpretation of experimental studies of collective
particle motion in colloids, and we discuss the implications of polydispersity
for observations of dynamical heterogeneity, in both simulations of simple
liquids and colloid experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75163 </DOCNO>
Proton stability in 5D GUTs with orbifold compactification


  We construct SU(5) SUSY GUT in 5D compactified on S^1/Z_2 orbifold where the
matter fields are living in the five dimensional bulk. SU(5) symmetry is broken
down to the Standard Model gauge group by the orbifold projection which
automatically ensures stability of proton in all orders of perturbation theory.
The model predicts extra mirror quark-lepton families which along with the GUT
particles and the excitations of extra dimensions could be observable at high
energy colliders providing the unification scale is in the TeV range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148399 </DOCNO>
Twistfield Perturbations of Vertex Operators in the Z_2-Orbifold Model


  We apply Kadanoff's theory of marginal deformations of conformal field
theories to twistfield deformations of Z_2 orbifold models in K3 moduli space.
These deformations lead away from the Z_2 orbifold sub-moduli-space and hence
help to explore conformal field theories which have not yet been understood. In
particular, we calculate the deformation of the conformal dimensions of vertex
operators for p^2<1 in second order perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128146 </DOCNO>
Infrared Magnitude-Redshift Relations for Luminous Radio Galaxies


  Infrared magnitude-redshift relations for the 3CR and 6C samples of radio
galaxies are presented for a wide range of plausible cosmological models,
including those with non-zero cosmological constant OmegaLambda. Variations in
the galaxy formation redshift, metallicity and star formation history are also
considered. The results of the modelling are displayed in terms of magnitude
differences between the models and no-evolution tracks, illustrating the amount
of K-band evolution necessary to account for the observational data. Given a
number of plausible assumptions, the results of these analyses suggest that:
(i) cosmologies which predict T_0xH_0>1 (where T_0 denotes the current age of
the universe) can be excluded; (ii) the star formation redshift should lie in
the redshift interval 5<z<20, values towards the lower end of the range being
preferred in cosmologies with larger values of T_0xH_0; (iii) the Einstein-de
Sitter model provides a reasonable fit to the data; (iv) models with finite
values of OmegaLambda can provide good agreement with the observations only if
appropriate adjustments of other parameters such as the galaxy metallicities
and star-formation histories are made. Without such modifications, even after
accounting for stellar evolution, the high redshift radio galaxies are more
luminous (ie. more massive) than those nearby in models with finite
OmegaLambda, including the favoured model with Omega=0.3, OmegaLambda=0.7. For
cosmological models with larger values of T_0xH_0, the conclusions are the same
regardless of whether any adjustments are made or not. The implications of
these results for cosmology and models of galaxy formation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150117 </DOCNO>
Cosmology with the CFT-radiation matter


  We review the relation between entropy bounds to rewrite Friedmann equation
on the brane in terms of three entropy bounds: Bekenstein-Verlinde ($S_{BV}$);
Bekenstein-Hawking bound ($S_{BH}$); Hubble bound ($S_H$). For a strongly
coupled conformal field theory (CFT) with a dual 5-dimensional anti de Sitter
Schwarzschild (AdSS$_5$) black hole, we can easily establish the connection
between the Cardy-Verlinde formula on the CFT side and the entropy
representation of Friedmann equation in cosmology. In this case its
cosmological evolution for entropy is given by the semi-circle. However, for
the matter-dominated case, we find that the cosmological evolution diagram
takes a different form of the cycloid. Here we propose two different entropy
relations for matter-dominated case. It turns out that the Verlinde's entropy
relation so restricted that it may not be valid for the matter-dominated
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126244 </DOCNO>
Compressible MHD Turbulence in Interstellar Plasmas


  Radio-wave scintillation observations reveal a nearly Kolmogorov spectrum of
density fluctuations in the ionized interstellar medium. Although this density
spectrum is suggestive of turbulence, no theory relevant to its interpretation
exists. We calculate the density spectrum in turbulent magnetized plasmas by
extending the theory of incompressible MHD turbulence given by Goldreich &
Sridhar to include the effects of compressibility and particle transport. Our
most important results are as follows. (1) Density fluctuations are due to the
slow mode and the entropy mode. Both modes are passively mixed by the cascade
of shear Alfven waves. Since the shear Alfven waves have a Kolmogorov spectrum,
so do the density fluctuations. (2) Observed density fluctuation amplitudes
imply either that the magnetic and gas pressures are comparable, or that the
outer scale of the turbulence is very small. (3) A high degree of ionization is
required for the cascade to survive damping by neutrals and thereby to extend
to small lengthscales. Regions that are insufficiently ionized produce density
fluctuations only on lengthscales larger than the neutral damping scale. These
regions may account for the excess of power that is found on large scales. (4)
Both the entropy mode and the slow mode are damped on lengthscales below that
at which protons can diffuse across an eddy during the eddy's turnover time.
Consequently, eddies whose extents along the magnetic field are smaller than
the proton collisional mean free path do not contribute to the density
spectrum. However, in MHD turbulence eddies are highly elongated along the
magnetic field. From an observational perspective, the relevant lengthscale is
that transverse to the magnetic field. Thus the cut-off lengthscale for density
fluctuations is significantly smaller than the proton mean free path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5283 </DOCNO>
Dephasing of a qubit coupled with a point-contact detector


  The dephasing of a qubit coupled with a point-contact detector is
theoretically studied. We calculate the time evolution of the reduced density
matrix of qubit by using the perturbation expansion. We show that the dephasing
rate is proportional to the temperature at zero bias-voltage, while it is
proportional to the bias-voltage when the bias-voltage is large. We also
evaluate the dephasing rate by using the real time renormalization group method
and show that the higher order processes of the particle-hole excitation
enhances dephasing of qubit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75721 </DOCNO>
N=2 Supersymmetry and de Sitter space


  We present a (unique?) possibility of de Sitter solution in the framework of
N=2 supersymmetry (hypersymmetry). We show that a model with a vector and a
charged hypermultiplet has a hybrid inflation type potential. It leads to a
slow-roll regime in de Sitter type background with all supersymmetries broken
spontaneously. Beyond the bifurcation point the waterfall stage abruptly brings
the system into a ground state with 2 unbroken supersymmetries. De Sitter stage
exists under condition that the superconformal SU(2,2|2) symmetry of the model
is softly broken down to N=2 supersymmetry by the vev of the Killing
prepotential triplet P^r. This hybrid hypersymmetry model may describe P-term
inflation and/or acceleration of the universe at the present epoch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6688 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on ``Quantum Pump for Spin and Charge Transport in a


  We show that Feldman and Gefen's comment revolves around a trivial issue -
the relative magnitudes for the two crossover scales in the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113608 </DOCNO>
Efficient magneto-optical trapping of a metastable helium gas


  This article presents a new experiment aiming at BEC of metastable helium
atoms. It describes the design of a high flux discharge source of atoms and a
robust laser system using a DBR diode coupled with a high power Yb doped fiber
amplifier for manipulating the beam of metastable atoms. The atoms are trapped
in a small quartz cell in an extreme high vacuum. The trapping design uses an
additional laser (repumper) and allows the capture of a large number of
metastable helium atoms (approximately $10^9$) in a geometry favorable for
loading a tight magnetostatic trap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124484 </DOCNO>
Raman Scattered He II Line in the Planetary Nebula M2-9 and the


  In this Letter, we report the detection of an emission feature around 6545
\AA in the spectra of the bipolar planetary nebula M2-9 and the symbiotic stars
RR Telescopii and He 2-106 and propose to identify it as the He II Raman
scattered feature. This feature was predicted by Nussbaumer, Schmid & Vogel
(1989), who suggested that it is formed through Raman scattering by atomic
hydrogen of He II $n=6\to n=2$ photons with slightly shorter wavelength than
that of Ly$\beta$. The scattering cross section $\sim 10^{-20}{\rm cm^2}$ for
this process implies the existence of a neutral hydrogen component with a
column density $N_{HI}\sim 10^{20}{\rm cm^{-2}}$ around the He II emission
regions in these objects, which are believed to be associated with the mass
loss process in the late stage of stellar evolution. Brief discussions on the
astrophysical implications of Raman scattering in these objects are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5646 </DOCNO>
Fluctuating Pulled Fronts: the Origin and the Effects of a Finite


  Recently it has been discovered that when an equation that allows so-called
pulled fronts in the mean-field limit is modelled with a stochastic model with
a finite number $N$ of particles per correlation volume, the convergence to the
speed $v^*$ for $N \to \infty$ is extremely slow --- going only as $\ln^{-2}N$.
Pulled fronts are the fronts which propagate into an unstable state, and the
asymptotic front speed is equal to the linear spreading speed $v^*$ of small
linear perturbations about the unstable state. In this paper, we study the
dynamics and front shape in a simple stochastic lattice model; a detailed
analysis of the stochastic behavior near the ``foremost particle'' show that in
the far tip of the front, the lattice and finite particle effects lead to a
``stop-and-go'' type dynamics of the front, while the average front behind it
approaches a uniformly translating solution. We derive expressions for the
probability distributions describing the advancement of the foremost particle,
which include various correlation effects in a mean-field type approximation.
Our results for these compare well to the results of numerical simulations. In
addition, we identify how the front shape behind the tip region affects
deviations from the asymptotic $\ln^{-2}N$ corrections to the front speed for
finite values of $N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4960 </DOCNO>
Pattern Formation in a Substrate--Contactor System with Two Interacting


  The surface stability of two interacting (for example, by van der Waals
forces) incompressible thin films, one bonded to a substrate and the other to a
contactor, is studied extending the work of Shenoy and Sharma, Physical Review
Letters 18, 119--122 (2001). The analysis indicates that the wavelength of the
instability depends strongly on the shear moduli and thicknesses of the films
but not on the nature and magnitude of the interaction. When the films have
equal shear moduli, the wavelength of the instability has an intermediate value
between the wavelengths of the instabilities had each of the films been
interacting with rigid contactors. On the other hand, if the films have
different shear moduli but equal thicknesses, then the wavelength of the
instability is identical to that had the films been interacting with rigid
contactors. In the more general case when the two films have different shear
moduli and thicknesses, the nature of the critical wavelength is more complex.
When ratio of the shear moduli of the contacting film to that of the film
bonded to the substrate exceeds 5.32, the wavelength of the of the instability
jumps from the value close to that determined by the thickness of the film
bonded to the substrate to that of the contacting film, as the thickness of the
contacting film is increased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125862 </DOCNO>
Photometric observations of 9 Near-Earth Objects


  We present new CCD observations of nine Near-Earth Asteroids carried out
between February, 1999 and July, 2000. The bulk of the data was acquired
through an R_C filter, while the minor planet 11405 was observed without
filter. We could determine synodic periods and amplitudes for 5 asteroids, 699:
3.3 h, 0.18 mag; 1866: 2.7 h, 0.12 mag; 1999 JD6: 7.68 h, 1.2 mag; 2000 GK137:
4.84 h, 0.27 mag; 2000 NM: 9.24 h, 0.30 mag. Based on observations taken at
different phases, we could infer a phase parameter m of 0.018+/-0.005 for 1865
Cerberus. An epoch-method yielded a sidereal period of 0.27024003(5) d for this
object with retrograde rotation. The remaining 3 objects have only partial
coverage, thus no firm conclusion on their synodic period is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98276 </DOCNO>
Homogeneity of the pure state space of a separable C*-algebra


  We prove that the pure state space is homogeneous under the action of the
automorphism group (or the subgroup of asymptotically inner automorphisms) for
all the separable simple C*-algebras. The first result of this kind was shown
by Powers for the UHF algebras some 30 years ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126983 </DOCNO>
Millenium Year X-ray Transients in Andromeda Galaxy


  We study three transient X-ray sources, that were bright in the central
region of M31 galaxy in the year 2000. Observations with Chandra and XMM-Newton
allowed us for the first time in the history of X-ray astronomy, to build light
curves of transient sources in M31 suitable for studying their variability on a
time scale of months and, in some periods, weeks. The three sources demonstrate
distinctly different types of X-ray variability and spectral evolution. XMMU
J004234.1+411808 is most likely a black hole candidate based on the similarity
of its X-ray light curve and spectra to typical transient low-mass X-ray
binaries observed in our Galaxy. The outburst of CXO J004242.0+411608 lasted
longer than a year, which makes the source an unusual X-ray transient. The
supersoft transient XMMU J004319.4+ 411759 is probably a classical nova-like
system containing a magnetized, rapidly-spinning white dwarf. We estimate a
total rate of X-ray transient outbursts in the central bulge of M31 to be of
the order ~10 per year. The rate of the hard X-ray transients (~5 1/year) in
the central part of the Andromeda Galaxy appears to be comparable to that of
the central part of our own Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113638 </DOCNO>
Collaborating with David Gross; Descendants of the Chiral Anomaly


  I recall my collaboration with David Gross. A result about descendants of the
chiral anomaly is presented: Chern-Simons terms can be written as total
derivatives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41542 </DOCNO>
Search for radiative decays of solar neutrinos during a solar eclipse


  A search for possible radiative decays of solar neutrinos with emission of
photons in the visible range may be performed during total solar eclipses. We
discuss some results obtained from the digitized images recorded during the
August 11, 1999 total solar eclipse in Romania, and report on the observations
made in June 21, 2001, in Zambia. Added reference for Section 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5190 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of the electronic contribution to the low temperature


  We measured the low temperature specific heat of a sputtered
$(Fe_{23\AA}/Cr_{12\AA})_{33}$ magnetic multilayer, as well as separate
$1000\AA$ thick Fe and Cr films. Magnetoresistance and magnetization
measurements on the multilayer demonstrated antiparallel coupling between the
Fe layers. Using microcalorimeters made in our group, we measured the specific
heat for $4<T<30 K$ and in magnetic fields up to $8 T$ for the multilayer. The
low temperature electronic specific heat coefficient of the multilayer in the
temperature range $4<T<14 K$ is $\gamma_{ML}=8.4 mJ/K^{2}g-at$. This is
significantly larger than that measured for the Fe or Cr films (5.4 and $3.5
mJ/K^{2}mol$ respectively). No magnetic field dependence of $\gamma_{ML}$ was
observed up to $8 T$. These results can be explained by a softening of the
phonon modes observed in the same data and the presence of an Fe-Cr alloy phase
at the interfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96371 </DOCNO>
Quantization of kinematics on configuration manifolds


  The review is devoted to topological global aspects of quantal description.
The treatment concentrates on quantizations of kinematical observables ---
generalized positions and momenta. A broad class of quantum kinematics is
rigorously constructed for systems, the configuration space of which is either
a homogeneous space of a Lie group or a connected smooth finite-dimensional
manifold without boundary. The class also includes systems in an external gauge
field for an Abelian or a compact gauge group. Conditions for equivalence and
irreducibility of generalized quantum kinematics are investigated with the aim
of classification of possible quantizations. Complete classification theorems
are given in two special cases. It is attempted to motivate the global approach
based on a generalization of imprimitivity systems called {\em quantum Borel
kinematics}. These are classified by means of global invariants --- quantum
numbers of topological origin. Selected examples are presented which
demonstrate the richness of applications of Borel quantization. The review aims
to provide an introductory survey of the subject and to be sufficiently
selfcontained as well, so that it can serve as a standard reference concerning
Borel quantization for systems admitting localization on differentiable
manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73189 </DOCNO>
Low-energy gluon contributions to the vacuum polarization of heavy


  We calculate a correction to the electromagnetic current induced by a heavy
quark loop. The contribution of this correction to the vacuum polarization
function appears at the O(alpha_s^3) order of perturbation theory and has a
qualitatively new feature -- its absorptive part starts at zero energy in
contrast to other contributions where the absorptive parts start at the
two-particle threshold. Our result imposes a constraint on the order n of the
moments used in the heavy-quark sum rules, n<4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125047 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a 2 Kpc Binary Quasar


  LBQS 0103$-$2753 is a binary quasar with a separation of only 0.3 arcsec. The
projected spacing of 2.3 kpc at the distance of the source (z = 0.848) is much
smaller than that of any other known binary QSO. The binary nature is
demonstrated by the very different spectra of the two components and the low
probability of a chance pairing. LBQS 0103$-$2753 presumably is a galaxy merger
with a small physical separation between the two supermassive black holes. Such
objects may provide important constraints on the evolution of binary black
holes and the fueling of AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4986 </DOCNO>
Electric Field Effect in Ultrathin Films near the


  The effect of an electric field on the conductance of ultrathin films of
metals deposited on substrates coated with a thin layer of amorphous Ge was
investigated. A contribution to the conductance modulation symmetric with
respect to the polarity of the applied electric field was found in regimes in
which there was no sign of glassy behavior. For films with thicknesses that put
them on the insulating side of the superconductor-insulator transition, the
conductance increased with electric field, whereas for films that were becoming
superconducting it decreased. Application of magnetic fields to the latter,
which reduce the transition temperature and ultimately quench
superconductivity, changed the sign of the reponse of the conductance to
electric field back to that found for insulators. We propose that this
symmetric response to capacitive charging is a consequence of changes in the
conductance of the a-Ge layer, and is not a fundamental property of the physics
of the superconductor-insulator transition as previously suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149725 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity and Moving Membrane


  In this paper we study the noncommutativity of a moving membrane with
background fields. The open string variables are analyzed. The unitarity of the
corresponding field theory is discussed. The noncommutativity of the $T$-dual
theory and its relation to the noncommutativity of the original theory in the
moving frame are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149238 </DOCNO>
Abelian Higgs Hair for AdS-Schwarzschild Black Hole


  We show that the Abelian Higgs field equations in the background of the four
dimensional AdS-Schwarzschild black hole have a vortex line solution. This
solution, which has axial symmetry, is a generalization of the AdS spacetime
Nielsen-Olesen string. By a numerical study of the field equations, we show
that black hole could support the Abelian Higgs field as its Abelian hair.
Also, we conside the self gravity of the Abelian Higgs field both in the pure
AdS spacetime and AdS-Schwarzschild black hole background and show that the
effect of string as a black hole hair is to induce a deficit angle in the
AdS-Schwarzschild black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114026 </DOCNO>
Non-linearities and Effects of Transverse Beam Size in Beam Position


  The fields produced by a long beam with a given transverse charge
distribution in a homogeneous vacuum chamber are studied. Signals induced by a
displaced finite-size beam on electrodes of a beam position monitor (BPM) are
calculated and compared to those produced by a pencil beam. The non-linearities
and corrections to BPM signals due to a finite transverse beam size are
calculated for an arbitrary chamber cross section. Simple analytical
expressions are given for a few particular transverse distributions of the beam
current in a circular or rectangular chamber. Of particular interest is a
general proof that in an arbitrary homogeneous chamber the beam-size
corrections vanish for any axisymmetric beam current distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6467 </DOCNO>
The magnetic behavior of Li2MO3 (M=Mn, Ru and Ir) and Li2(Mn1-xRux)O3


  The present study summerizes magnetic and Mossbauer measurements on ceramic
Li2MO3 M= Mn, Ru and Ir and the mixed Li2(Mn1-xRux)O3 materials, which show
many of the features reflecting to antiferromagnetic ordering or to existence
of paramagnetic states. Li2IrO3 and Li2RuO3 are paramagnetic down to 5 K.
Li2(Mn1-xRux)O3 compounds are antiferromagnetically ordered at TN = 48 K for
x=0. TN decreases as the Ru content increases and, for x=0.8, TN =34 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5149 </DOCNO>
Decoupling of diffusion from structural relaxation and spatial


  We report a molecular dynamics simulation of a supercooled simple monatomic
glass-forming liquid. It is found that the transition to deeper minima in the
energy landscape associated with the onset of the supercooled regime
corresponds to the formation of long-lived domains of icosahedral structure
with a distinctively slow diffusion. These domains, possessing a
low-dimensional geometry, grow with cooling and percolate below $T_c$, the
critical temperature of the mode coupling theory. Simultaneously, a sharp
slowing down of the structural relaxation relative to diffusion is observed. It
is concluded that this latter anomaly cannot be accounted for by the dynamical
heterogeneity; instead, we explain it as a direct result of the
configuration-space constraints imposed by the transient structural
correlations. We also conjecture that the observed tendency for low-dimensional
clustering may be regarded as a possible mechanism of fragility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75321 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos as the messengers of CPT violation


  CPT violation has the potential to explain all three existing neutrino
anomalies without enlarging the neutrino sector. CPT violation in the Dirac
mass terms of the three neutrino flavors preserves Lorentz invariance, but
generates independent masses for neutrinos and antineutrinos. This specific
signature is strongly motivated by braneworld scenarios with extra dimensions,
where neutrinos are the natural messengers for Standard Model physics of CPT
violation in the bulk. A simple model of maximal CPT violation is sufficient to
explain the exisiting neutrino data quite neatly, while making dramatic
predictions for the upcoming KamLAND and MiniBooNE experiments. Furthermore we
obtain a promising new mechanism for baryogenesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124423 </DOCNO>
Determining the fraction of compact objects in the Universe using


  We investigate the possibility to determine the fraction of compact objects
in the Universe by studying gravitational lensing effects on Type Ia supernova
observations. Using simulated data sets from one year of operation of the
proposed dedicated supernova detection satellite SNAP, we find that it should
be possible to determine the fraction of compact objects to an accuracy of < 5
%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85788 </DOCNO>
Matter Collineations of Some Well Known Spacetimes


  We derive matter collineations of the Bianchi types I, II, III, VIII and IX,
and Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes. It is found that matter collineations turn out
similar to Ricci collineations with different constranit equations. We solve
the constraint equation for a particular case and obtain three cosmological
models which represent perfect fluid dust solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3270 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory Finite-Time Singularities in Finance, Population and Rupture


  We present a simple two-dimensional dynamical system where two nonlinear
terms, exerting respectively positive feedback and reversal, compete to create
a singularity in finite time decorated by accelerating oscillations. The power
law singularity results from the increasing growth rate. The oscillations
result from the restoring mechanism. As a function of the order of the
nonlinearity of the growth rate and of the restoring term, a rich variety of
behavior is documented analytically and numerically. The dynamical behavior is
traced back fundamentally to the self-similar spiral structure of trajectories
in phase space unfolding around an unstable spiral point at the origin. The
interplay between the restoring mechanism and the nonlinear growth rate leads
to approximately log-periodic oscillations with remarkable scaling properties.
Three domains of applications are discussed: (1) the stock market with a
competition between nonlinear trend-followers and nonlinear value investors;
(2) the world human population with a competition between a
population-dependent growth rate and a nonlinear dependence on a finite
carrying capacity; (3) the failure of a material subjected to a time-varying
stress with a competition between positive geometrical feedback on the damage
variable and nonlinear healing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83958 </DOCNO>
EquiX--A Search and Query Language for XML


  EquiX is a search language for XML that combines the power of querying with
the simplicity of searching. Requirements for such languages are discussed and
it is shown that EquiX meets the necessary criteria. Both a graph-based
abstract syntax and a formal concrete syntax are presented for EquiX queries.
In addition, the semantics is defined and an evaluation algorithm is presented.
The evaluation algorithm is polynomial under combined complexity.
  EquiX combines pattern matching, quantification and logical expressions to
query both the data and meta-data of XML documents. The result of a query in
EquiX is a set of XML documents. A DTD describing the result documents is
derived automatically from the query.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127333 </DOCNO>
Possible 38 day X-ray period of KS1731-260


  We report the detection of a 38 day period in the X-ray flux of the transient
burster KS1731-260. The narrow peak of periodicity was detected during ~TJD
10150--11050 when the source had a high and relatively stable X-ray flux. After
\~TJD 11100 the source became strongly variable on a time scale of months that
contaminates the search for the 38 day periodicity. The detected period can not
be a binary period. The binary with Roche lobe overflow has in this case large
radii of the secondary and of the accretion disk. Disk and secondary star
illumination by X-ray flux from luminous neutron star would lead to high
infrared brightness of the binary. That clearly contradicts the infrared data
even for the brightest infrared sources within CHANDRA error box of KS1731-260.
Remaining possibility is that observed periodicity is connected with the
accretion disk precession, similar to that was observed for SS 433, Her X-1,
Cyg X-1 etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1332 </DOCNO>
Interfaces (and Regional Congruence?) in Spin Glasses


  We present a general theorem restricting properties of interfaces between
thermodynamic states and apply it to the spin glass excitations observed
numerically by Krzakala-Martin and Palassini-Young in spatial dimensions d=3
and 4. We show that such excitations, with interface dimension smaller than d,
cannot yield regionally congruent thermodynamic states. More generally, zero
density interfaces of translation-covariant excitations cannot be pinned (by
the disorder) in any d but rather must deflect to infinity in the thermodynamic
limit. Additional consequences concerning regional congruence in spin glasses
and other systems are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127809 </DOCNO>
Energy Balance in the Solar Transition Region. IV. Hydrogen and Helium


  In this paper we have extended our previous modeling of energy balance in the
chromosphere-corona transition region to cases with particle and mass flows.
The cases considered here are quasi-steady, and satisfy the momentum and energy
balance equations in the transition region. We include in all equations the
flow velocity terms and neglect the partial derivatives with respect to time.
We present a complete and physically consistent formulation and method for
solving the non-LTE and energy balance equations in these situations, including
both particle diffusion and flows of H and He. Our results show quantitatively
how mass flows affect the ionization and radiative losses of H and He, thereby
affecting the structure and extent of the transition region. Also, our
computations show that the H and He line profiles are greatly affected by
flows. We find that line shifts are much less important than the changes in
line intensity and central reversal due to the effects of flows. In this paper
we use fixed conditions at the base of the transition region and in the
chromosphere because our intent is to show the physical effects of flows and
not to match any particular observations. However, we note that the profiles we
compute can explain the range of observed high spectral and spatial resolution
Lyman alpha profiles from the quiet Sun. We suggest that dedicated modeling of
specific sequences of observations based on physically consistent methods like
those presented here will substantially improve our understanding of the energy
balance in the chromosphere and corona.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75702 </DOCNO>
A few comments after the charged current measurement at the Sudbury


  The comparison of the SNO charged current result with the solar neutrino
signal measured by Super-Kamiokande has provided, for the first time, the
evidence of a non electron flavour active neutrino component in the solar flux.
We remark here that this evidence can be obtained in a model independent way,
i.e. without any assumpion about solar models, about the energy dependence of
the neutrino oscillation probability and about the presence of sterile
neutrinos. Furthermore, from the 8B neutrino flux obtained by combining SNO and
Super-Kamiokande, one can determine the central solar temperature, T = 1.57 (1
\pm 1%) 10^7 K, and provide an estimate of the beryllium neutrino flux, Phi_Be
= 4.9 (1 \pm 11%) 10^9 cm^{-2} s^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129285 </DOCNO>
A Fractal Origin for the Mass Spectrum of Interstellar Clouds: II. Cloud


  Three-dimensional fractal models on grids of 200**3 pixels are generated from
the inverse Fourier transform of noise with a power law cutoff, exponentiated
to give a log normal distribution of density. The fractals are clipped at
various intensity levels and the mass and size distribution functions of the
clipped peaks and their subpeaks are determined. These distribution functions
are analogous to the cloud mass functions determined from maps of the fractal
interstellar medium using various thresholds for the definition of a cloud. The
model mass functions are found to be power laws with powers ranging from -1.6
to -2.4 in linear mass intervals as the clipping level increases from 0.03 to
0.3 of the peak intensity. The low clipping value gives a cloud filling factor
of 0.1 and should be a good model for molecular cloud surveys. The agreement
between the mass spectrum of this model and the observed cloud and clump mass
spectra suggests that a pervasively fractal interstellar medium can be
interpreted as a cloud/intercloud medium if the peaks of the fractal intensity
distribution are taken to be clouds. Their mass function is a power law even
though the density distribution function in the gas is a log-normal. This is
because the size distribution function of the clipped clouds is a power law,
and with clipping, each cloud has about the same average density. A similar
result would apply to projected clouds that are clipped fractals, giving nearly
constant column densities for power law mass functions. The steepening of the
mass function for higher clip values suggests a partial explanation for the
steeper slope of the mass functions for star clusters and OB associations,
which sample denser regions of interstellar gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 511 </DOCNO>
Numerical analysis of the Minimal and Two-Liquid models of the Market


  We present results of numerical analysis of several simple models for the
microstructure of a double auction market without intermediaries which were
introduced in cond-matt/9808240. We perform computer simulations of the minimal
model in order to verify liquidity scaling laws.
  A logarithmic correction to the scaling law for midmarket variance is
observed, but not for bid-offer spread or its fluctuation, because they are
fundamentally different quantities.
  Time to midmarket sale ($\tau_S$) is found to scale as 1/J while its
fluctuation goes as $0.73/J$. A ``reduced'' time ($\tau_{reduced}$) is also
studied, and found to scale in a non-trivial way. Asymmetric fluxes are
introduced to the minimal model and analytical result derived earlier for the
speed of the moving midmarket agrees with numerical results. Simulation of the
two-liquid model which describes a market with both market order and limit
order traders, reveals widening of the bid-offer spread when the flux of market
order traders exceeds that of limit order traders. The variation of the spread
with the fraction of market-order traders is investigated. The formula for
asymmetric fluxes is applied to the two-liquid model and its predictions are
found to agree with experiment. The critical point is approximately determined,
and the ratio of the midmarkets for $f = 0.0$ and $f = 0.5$ (where $f$ is the
fraction of market-order traders) is calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3978 </DOCNO>
On the Role of Exchange Interaction in Magnetic Ordering and


  A model of chemical bonding between ions in manganites involving covalent
one-electron $\sigma$ bonding is suggested. The covalent one-electron $\sigma$
bonding gives rise to a strongly correlated state of electrons resulting from
the exchange interaction between electrons when they are simultaneously at
cation and anion orbitals. The manifestation of the correlatred state is the
spin and spatial ordering of the electrons resulting in the formation of a
spin- ordered electron lattice. The conductivity of manganites in this model is
the consequence of displacement of the electron lattice (or its part) from one
localization site to another and depends on the type of spin ordering of the
electrons in the electron lattice and the localization energy determined by the
energy of the one-electron $\sigma$ bond. The model also assumes a strong
polarization of an anion by cations, which facilitates the 3s2p hybridization
of the anion and transition of one of the pairs of 2p electrons from the
singlet state into the triplet state. This transition leads to formation of the
spin-polarized electron lattice (electron spins are parallel) and ferromagnetic
ordering of manganese ions. In the model, the effect of colossal
magnetoresistance is explained by a change of the conductivity mechanism on
application of an external magnetic field, i.e., transition from the
conductivity mechnism typical of an ionic crystal to the conductivity provided
by the spin-polarized electron lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113691 </DOCNO>
Quenched Narrow-Line Laser Cooling of 40Ca to Near the Photon Recoil


  We present a cooling method that should be generally applicable to atoms with
narrow optical transitions. This technique uses velocity-selective pulses to
drive atoms towards a zero-velocity dark state and then quenches the excited
state to increase the cooling rate. We demonstrate this technique of quenched
narrow-line cooling by reducing the 1-D temperature of a sample of neutral 40Ca
atoms. We velocity select and cool with the 1S0(4s2) to 3P1(4s4p) 657 nm
intercombination line and quench with the 3P1(4s4p) to 1S0(4s5s)
intercombination line at 553 nm, which increases the cooling rate eight-fold.
Limited only by available quenching laser power, we have transferred 18 % of
the atoms from our initial 2 mK velocity distribution and achieved temperatures
as low as 4 microK, corresponding to a vrms of 2.8 cm/s or 2 recoils at 657 nm.
This cooling technique, which is closely related to Raman cooling, can be
extended to three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4838 </DOCNO>
Comparison of two non-primitive methods for path integral simulations:


  Two methods are compared that are used in path integral simulations. Both
methods aim to achieve faster convergence to the quantum limit than the
so-called primitive algorithm (PA). One method, originally proposed by
Takahashi and Imada, is based on a higher-order approximation (HOA) of the
quantum mechanical density operator. The other method is based upon an
effective propagator (EPr). This propagator is constructed such that it
produces correctly one and two-particle imaginary time correlation functions in
the limit of small densities even for finite Trotter numbers P. We discuss the
conceptual differences between both methods and compare the convergence rate of
both approaches. While the HOA method converges faster than the EPr approach,
EPr gives surprisingly good estimates of thermal quantities already for P = 1.
Despite a significant improvement with respect to PA, neither HOA nor EPr
overcomes the need to increase P linearly with inverse temperature. We also
derive the proper estimator for radial distribution functions for HOA based
path integral simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76070 </DOCNO>
Leptoproduction of Polarized Vector Mesons


  We present a status report on a study of vector meson leptoproduction for the
HERA energy range on the basis of the generalized handbag approach. In contrast
to the leading twist approach transverse degrees of freedom as well as Sudakov
suppressions are taken into account in the subprocess. First results for the
cross section for photoproduction of longitudinally polarized rho-mesons are
found to be in fair agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114238 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Ultracold, Neutral Plasmas


  We present the first large-scale simulations of an ultracold, neutral plasma,
produced by photoionization of laser-cooled xenon atoms, from creation to
initial expansion, using classical molecular dynamics methods with open
boundary conditions. We reproduce many of the experimental findings such as the
trapping efficiency of electrons with increased ion number, a minimum electron
temperature achieved on approach to the photoionization threshold, and
recombination into Rydberg states of anomalously-low principal quantum number.
In addition, many of these effects establish themselves very early in the
plasma evolution ($\sim$ ns) before present experimental observations begin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1648 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo simulation of subsurface ordering kinetics in an fcc-alloy


  Within the atom-vacancy exchange mechanism in a nearest-neighbor interaction
model we investigate the kinetics of surface-induced ordering processes close
to the (001) surface of an fcc A_3B-alloy. After a sudden quench into the
ordered phase with a final temperature above the ordering spinodal, T_f > T_sp,
the early time kinetics is dominated by a segregation front which propagates
into the bulk with nearly constant velocity. Below the spinodal, T_f < T_sp,
motion of the segregation wave reflects a coarsening process which appears to
be slower than predicted by the Lifschitz-Allen-Cahn law. In addition, in the
front-penetrated region lateral growth differs distinctly from perpendicular
growth, as a result of the special structure of antiphase boundaries near the
surface. Our results are compared with recent experiments on the subsurface
ordering kinetics at Cu_3Au (001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168650 </DOCNO>
Non-oscillating solutions to uncoupled Ermakov systems and the


  The amplitude-phase formulation of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation is
investigated within the context of uncoupled Ermakov systems, whereby the
amplitude function is given by the auxiliary nonlinear equation. The classical
limit of the amplitude and phase functions is analyzed by setting up a
semiclassical Ermakov system. In this limit, it is shown that classical
quantities, such as the classical probability amplitude and the reduced action,
are obtained only when the semiclassical amplitude and the accumulated phase
are non-oscillating functions respectively of the space and energy variables.
Conversely, among the infinitely many arbitrary exact quantum amplitude and
phase functions corresponding to a given wavefunction, only the non-oscillating
ones yield classical quantities in the limit $\hbar \to 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149436 </DOCNO>
D-Brane Instantons and K-Theory Charges


  We discuss some physical issues related to the K-theoretic classification of
D-brane charges, putting an emphasis on the role of D-brane instantons. The
relation to D-instantons provides a physical interpretation to the mathematical
algorithm for computing K-theory known as the ``Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral
sequence.'' Conjecturally, a formulation in terms of D-instantons leads to a
computationally useful formulation of K-homology in general. As an application
and illustration of this viewpoint we discuss some issues connected with
D-brane charges associated with branes in WZW models. We discuss the case of
SU(3) in detail, and comment on the general picture of branes in SU(N), based
on a recent result of M. Hopkins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76825 </DOCNO>
Summary of the CMS Discovery Potential for the MSSM SUSY Higgses


  This work summarises the present understanding of the expected MSSM SUSY
Higgs reach for CMS. Many of the studies presented here result from detailed
detector simulations incorporating final CMS detector design and response. With
30 fb-1 the h -> gamma,gamma and h -> bb channels allow to cover most of the
MSSM parameter space. For the massive A,H,H+ MSSM Higgs states the channels A,H
-> tau,tau and H+ -> tau,nu turn out to be the most profitable ones in terms of
mass reach and parameter space coverage. Consequently CMS has made a big effort
to trigger efficiently on taus. Provided neutralinos and sleptons are not too
heavy, there is an interesting complementarity in the reaches for A,H ->
tau,tau and A,H -> chi,chi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126774 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Plane of Spiral Galaxies: Search from Observational Data


  The fundamental plane of spiral galaxies was searched from observational
data, which can be approximately represented in observational parameters by $ L
\propto V^2 R $, where $L$, $R$, and $V$ are the luminosity, the linear size
of galactic disk, and the rotation velocity. This plane exists at all optical
bands in our samples of more than 500 spiral galaxies in total. It is more
fundamental than the relationship between any two of the parameters, and can
reduce the residual of the Tully--Fisher $L$--$V$ relations by about 50\%.
Noticed that the power index of $V$ is doubled from that of $R$, which implies
that the total mass and the mass distribution of galaxies plays an important
role in forming the fundamental plane. Involving the third parameter of
galactic size has a strong physical implication on galaxy formation and the
dark--mass distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1399 </DOCNO>
Density Functional Theory of Hard Sphere Condensation Under Gravity


  The onset of condensation of hard spheres in a gravitational field is studied
using density functional theory. In particular, we find that the local density
approximation yields results identical to those obtained previously using the
kinetic theory [Physica A 271, 192, (1999)], and a weighted density functional
theory gives qualitatively similar results, namely, that the temperature at
which condensation begins at the bottom scales linearly with weight, diameter,
and number of layers of particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72395 </DOCNO>
New Limits on Doubly Charged Bileptons from CERN LEP Data and the Search


  We show that the accumulated LEP-II data taken at $\sqrt{s} =$ 130 to 206 GeV
can establish more restrictive bounds on doubly charged bileptons couplings and
masses than any other experiment so far. We also analyze the discovery
potential of a prospective linear collider operating in both $e^+ e^-$ and $e
\gamma$ modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149444 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Equivalent Theorem in q-Deformed Dynamics


  Corresponding to two ways of realizing the q-deformed Heisenberg algebra by
the undeformed variables there are two q-perturbative Hamiltonians with the
additional momentum-dependent interactions, one originates from the
perturbative expansion of the potential, the other originates from that of the
kinetic energy term. At the level of operators, these two q-perturbative
Hamiltonians are different. In order to establish a reliable foundation of the
perturbative calculations in q-deformed dynamics, except examples of the
harmonic-oscillator and the Morse potential demonstrated before, the general
q-perturbative equivalent theorem is demonstrated, which states that for any
regular potential which is singularity free the expectation values of two
q-perturbative Hamiltonians in the eigenstates of the undeformed Hamiltonian
are equivalent. For the q-deformed ``free'' particle case, the perturbative
Hamiltonian originated from the kinetic energy term still keeps its general
expression, but it does not lead to energy shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126769 </DOCNO>
Integral/IBIS Observations of persistent black hole spectral states


  The Imager on Board the Integral Satellite (IBIS) is one of the two main
telescopes of Integral, the ESA soft gamma-ray mission to be launched in 2002.
The Integral Core Program will be divided into two main parts, the Galactic
Centre Deep Exposure program and the Galactic Plane Scan for a total amount of
around 6 .6 10^6 seconds each year. In this paper, we will study the visibility
of persist ent galactic black holes as observed by IBIS during these two phases
of the Core Program. We will also present what information may be derived from
the IBIS observations of spectral/temporal properties (variation of the
spectral index, presence/absence of a spectral break, ...) of these binary
systems in different spectral states, in particular in the framework of the
bulk motion Comptonization model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169237 </DOCNO>
Generation of entangled states of two traveling modes for fixed number


  We present an scheme to generate entangled state between two traveling modes
for fixed number of photon, which is based on beam splitter transformation and
conditional zero photon counters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76873 </DOCNO>
The interplay of soft and hard contributions in the electromagnetic pion


  We consider various relativistic models for the valence Fock-state wave
function of the pion. These models are obtained from simple instant-form wave
functions by applying a Melosh rotation to the spin part and by imposing
physical constraints on the parameters. We discuss how the soft and the hard
(perturbative) parts of the electromagnetic form factor are affected by the
choice of the model and by the Melosh rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83871 </DOCNO>
Pricing and Network Externalities in Peer-to-Peer Communications


  This paper analyzes the pricing of transit traffic in wireless peer-to-peer
networks using the concepts of direct and indirect network externalities. We
first establish that without any pricing mechanism, congestion externalities
overwhelm other network effects in a wireless data network. We show that
peering technology will mitigate the congestion and allow users to take
advantage of more the positive network externalities. However, without pricing,
the peering equilibrium breaks down just like a bucket brigade made up of
free-riding agents. With pricing and perfect competition, a peering equilibrium
is possible and allows many more users on the network at the same time.
However, the congestion externality is still a problem, so peering organized
through a club may be the best solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123631 </DOCNO>
Is the Fast Evolution Scenario for Virialized Compact Groups Really


  We report on results of N-body simulations aimed at testing the hypothesis
that galaxies in X-ray emitting (i.e., virialized) Compact Groups are not
tidally stripped when they are embedded in a common, massive, quiescent dark
matter halo. To disentangle the effects of interactions from spurious effects
due to an incorrect choice of the initial galaxy model configurations, these
have been chosen to be tidally-limited King spheres, representing systems in
quasi-equilibrium within the tidal field of the halo. The potential of the halo
has been assumed to be frozen and the braking due to dynamical friction
neglected. Our results confirm the hypothesis of low rates of tidal stripping
and suggest a scenario for virialized Compact Group evolution in their
quiescent phases with only very moderate tidally induced galaxy evolution can
be generally expected. This implies the group stability, provided that the
dynamical friction timescales in these systems are not much shorter than the
Hubble time. We discuss briefly this possibility, in particular taking account
of the similarity between the velocity dispersions of a typical virialized
Compact Groups and the internal velocity dispersion of typical member galaxies.
A number of puzzling observational data on Compact Groups can be easily
explained in this framework. Other observations would be better understood as
the result of enhanced merging activity in the proto-group environment, leading
to virialized Compact Group formation through mergers of lower mass halos, as
predicted by hierarchical scenarios of structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4690 </DOCNO>
Interacting Bose Gas in an Optical Lattice


  A grand canonical system of hard-core bosons in an optical lattice is
considered. The bosons can occupy randomly $N$ equivalent states at each
lattice site. The limit $N\to\infty$ is solved exactly in terms of a
saddle-point integration, representing a weakly-interacting Bose gas. At T=0
there is only a condensate in the limit $N\to\infty$. Corrections in 1/N
increase the total density of bosons but suppress the condensate. This
indicates a depletion of the condensate due to increasing interaction at finite
values of N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7006 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of SU(2) bosons in one dimension


  On the basis of Bethe ansatz solution of two-component bosons with SU(2)
symmetry and $\delta$-function interaction in one dimension, we study the
thermodynamics of the system at finite temperature by using the strategy of
thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA). It is shown that the ground state is an
isospin "ferromagnetic" state by the method of TBA, and at high temperature the
magnetic property is dominated by Curie's law. We obtain the exact result of
specific heat and entropy in strong coupling limit which scales like $T$ at low
temperature. While in weak coupling limit, it is found there is still no
Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) in such 1D system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149549 </DOCNO>
Domain Wall and Membrane Flow from Other Gauged d=4, N =8 Supergravity:


  By studying so-far known extrema of non-semi-simple Inonu-Wigner contraction
CSO(p, q) and non-compact SO(p, q)(p+q=8) gauged N=8 supergravity in
4-dimensions developed by Hull sometime ago, one expects there exists
nontrivial flow in the 3-dimensional boundary field theory. We find that these
gaugings provide first-order domain-wall solutions from direct extremization of
energy-density. We consider also the most general CSO(p, q, r) with p+q+r=8
gauging of N =8 supergravity by acting two successive SL(8, R) transformations
on the de Wit-Nicolai theory, that is, compact SO(8) gauged supergravity. The
theory has local SU(8)xCSO(p, q, r) gauge symmetry as well as local N =8
supersymmetry. The gauge group CSO(p, q, r) is spontaneously broken to its
maximal compact subgroup SO(p)xSO(q)xU(1)^{r(r-1)/2}. The new T-tensor we
obtain describes two-parameter family of gauged N=8 supergravity from which one
can construct A_1 and A_2 tensors. Then the effective nontrivial scalar
potential we discover can be written as the difference of positive definite
terms. We examine the scalar potential for critical points at which the
expectation value of the scalar field is SO(p)xSO(q)xSO(r) invariant. In this
case also, non-BPS domain-wall solutions for the scalar fields are the gradient
flow equations of the superpotential that is one of the eigenvalues of A_1
tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87240 </DOCNO>
Conformal Killing Vectors in Spherically Symmetric, Inhomogeneous,


  In this paper, we find all the Conformal Killing Vectors (CKVs) and their Lie
Algebra for the recently reported [cqg1] spherically symmetric, shear-free
separable metric spacetimes with non-vanishing energy or heat flux. We also
solve the geodesic equatios of motion for the spacetime under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73644 </DOCNO>
Charming Penguins Strike Back


  By using the recent experimental measurements of B to pi pi and B to K pi
branching ratios, we find that factorization is unable to reproduce the
observed BRs even taking into account the uncertainties of the input
parameters. Charming and GIM penguins allow to reconcile the theoretical
predictions with the data. Because of these large effects, we conclude,
however, that it is not possible, with the present theoretical and experimental
accuracy, to determine the CP violation angle gamma from these decays. Contrary
to factorization, we predict large asymmetries for several of the
particle-antiparticle BRs, in particular BR(B^+ to K^+ pi^0), BR(B_d to K^+
pi^-) and BR(B_d to pi^+ pi^-). This opens new perspectives for the study of CP
violation in B systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96626 </DOCNO>
A geometric interpretation of integrable motions


  Integrability, one of the classic issues in galactic dynamics and in general
in celestial mechanics, is here revisited in a Riemannian geometric framework,
where newtonian motions are seen as geodesics of suitable ``mechanical''
manifolds. The existence of constants of motion that entail integrability is
associated with the existence of Killing tensor fields on the mechanical
manifolds. Such tensor fields correspond to hidden symmetries of non-Noetherian
kind. Explicit expressions for Killing tensor fields are given for the N=2 Toda
model, and for a modified Henon-Heiles model, recovering the already known
analytic expressions of the second conserved quantity besides energy for each
model respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1057 </DOCNO>
A Transfer Matrix approach to the Enumeration of Knots


  We propose a new method to enumerate alternating knots using a transfer
matrix approach. We apply it to count numerically various objects, including
prime alternating tangles with two connected components, up to order 18--22,
and comment on the large-order behavior in connection with one of the authors'
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5345 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Bohm cages in the GaAlAs/GaAs system


  Aharonov-Bohm oscillations have been observed in a lattice formed by a two
dimensional rhombus tiling. This observation is in good agreement with a recent
theoretical calculation of the energy spectrum of this so-called T3 lattice. We
have investigated the low temperature magnetotransport of the T3 lattice
realized in the GaAlAs/GaAs system. Using an additional electrostatic gate, we
have studied the influence of the channel number on the oscillations amplitude.
Finally, the role of the disorder on the strength of the localization is
theoretically discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40704 </DOCNO>
Development of a radiation hard version of the Analog Pipeline Chip


  The Analog Pipeline Chip (APC) is a low noise, low power readout chip for
silicon micro strip detectors with 128 channels containing an analog pipeline
of 32 buffers depth. The chip has been designed for operation at HERA with a
power dissipation of 300-400 muW per channel and has been used also in several
other particle physics experiments. In this paper we describe the development
of a radiation hard version of this chip that will be used in the H1 vertex
detector for operation at the luminosity upgraded HERA machine. A 128 channel
prototyping chip with several amplifier variations has been designed in the
radiation hard DMILL technology and measured. The results of various parameter
variations are presented in this paper. Based on this, the design choice for
the final production version of the APC128-DMILL has been made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114112 </DOCNO>
Total energy losses due to the radiation in an acoustically based


  This paper is devoted to the investigation of the radiation energy losses of
an ultra-relativistic charged particle channeling along a crystal plane which
is periodically bent by a transverse acoustic wave. In such a system there are
two essential mechanisms leading to the photon emission. The first one is the
ordinary channeling radiation. This radiation is generated as a result of the
transverse oscillatory motion of the particle in the channel. The second one is
the acoustically induced radiation. This radiation is emitted because of the
periodic bending of the particle's trajectory created by the acoustic wave. The
general formalism described in our work is applicable for the calculation of
the total radiative losses accounting for the contributions of both radiation
mechanisms. We analyze the relative importance of the two mechanisms at various
amplitudes and lengths of the acoustic wave and the energy of the projectile
particle. We establish the ranges of projectile particle energies, in which
total energy loss is small for the LiH, C, Si, Ge, Fe and W crystals. This
result is important for the determination of the projectile particle energy
region, in which acoustically induced radiation of the undulator type and also
the stimulated photon emission can be effectively generated. The latter effects
have been described in our previous works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76129 </DOCNO>
Fast-Roll Inflation


  We show that in the simplest theories of spontaneous symmetry breaking one
can have a stage of a fast-roll inflation. In this regime the standard
slow-roll condition |m^2| << H^2 is violated. Nevertheless, this stage can be
rather long if |m| is sufficiently small. Fast-roll inflation can be useful for
generating proper initial conditions for the subsequent stage of slow-roll
inflation in the very early universe. It may also be responsible for the
present stage of accelerated expansion of the universe. We also make two
observations of a more general nature. First of all, the universe after a long
stage of inflation (either slow-roll or fast-roll) cannot reach anti-de Sitter
regime even if the cosmological constant is negative. Secondly, the theories
with the potentials with a "stable" minimum at V(\phi)<0 in the cosmological
background exhibit the same instability as the theories with potentials
unbounded from below. This instability leads to the development of singularity
with the properties practically independent of V(\phi). However, the
development of the instability in some cases may be so slow that the theories
with the potentials unbounded from below can describe the present stage of
cosmic acceleration even if this acceleration occurs due to the fast-roll
inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148772 </DOCNO>
The Operator Algebra and Twisted KZ Equations of WZW Orbifolds


  We obtain the operator algebra of each twisted sector of all WZW orbifolds,
including the general twisted current algebra and the algebra of the twisted
currents with the twisted affine primary fields. Surprisingly, the twisted
right and left mover current algebras are not a priori copies of each other.
Using the operator algebra we also derive world-sheet differential equations
for the twisted affine primary fields of all WZW orbifolds. Finally we include
ground state properties to obtain the twisted Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations
of the WZW permutation orbifolds and the inner-automorphic WZW orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 874 </DOCNO>
Calculated elastic and electronic properties of MgB$_2$ at high


  The effect of high pressure on structural and electronic properties of the
novel superconductor \MB has been calculated using the full-potential
linearized augmented-plane-wave method. Despite the layered crystal structure
of \MB nearly isotropic compression (bulk modulus $B_0=140.1(6)$ GPa) is found
with only a 1.2% decrease of the $c/a$ ratio at 10 GPa. The effect of pressure
on the critical temperature has been estimated on the basis of BCS theory and
good agreement with experimental data is found. Our results suggest that it is
a combination of increasing phonon frequency and decreasing electronic density
of states at the Fermi level which leads to the observed decrease of the
critical temperature under pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124979 </DOCNO>
The CFHT Open Star Cluster Survey I -- Cluster Selection and Data


  We present this paper in conjuction with the following as the first results
in the CFHT Open Star Cluster Survey. This survey is a large BVR imaging data
set of 19 open star clusters in our Galaxy. This data set was taken with the
CFH12K mosaic CCD (42' X 28') and the majority of the clusters were imaged
under excellent photometric, sub-arcsecond seeing conditions. The combination
of multiple exposures extending to deep (V ~ 25) magnitudes with short (< 10
second) frames allows for many different studies. The primary aim of this
survey is to catalogue the white dwarf stars in these clusters and establish
observational constraints on the initial-final mass relationship for these
stars and the upper mass limit to white dwarf production. Additionally, we hope
to better determine the properties of the clusters, such as age and distance,
and also test evolution and dynamical theories by analyzing luminosity and mass
functions. In order to more easily incorporate this data in further studies, we
have produced a catalogue of positions, magnitudes, colors, and stellarity
confidence for all stars in each cluster of the survey. This paper is intended
both as a source for the astronomical community to obtain information on the
clusters in the survey and as a detailed reference of reduction procedures for
further publications of individual clusters. We discuss the methods employed to
reduce the data and compute the photometric catalogue. The scientific results
for each individual cluster and global results from the study of the entire
survey will be presented in further publications (results for the rich old open
cluster NGC 6819 immediately follow this paper).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148178 </DOCNO>
Brane-worlds in 5d supergravity


  We summarise the present status of supersymmetric Randall-Sundrum brane-world
scenarios and report on their possible realisation within five-dimensional
matter coupled N=2 gauged supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 923 </DOCNO>
Electronic and Optical Properties of Self-Assembled Quantum Wires


  We have studied the band and optical properties of self-assembled quantum
wires. In particular, the band structures and optical matrix elements of
strained multiple quantum-wires (QWR's) are investigated theoretically via the
effective bond-orbital model(EBOM), which takes into account the effects of
valence-band anisotropy and the band mixing. It is found that the strain leads
to further confinement of carriers and enhancement of the anisotropy.
  By using the EBOM and valence-force field model, we systematically studied
the microstrain effects on the electronic and optical properties of
Ga$_{1-x}$In$_x$As self-assembled quantum-wires (QWR's) made of short-period
superlattices with strain-induced lateral ordering. Valence-band anisotropy,
band mixing, and effects due to local strain distribution at the atomistic
level are all taken into account.A comprehensive collection of different
structures in our model are presented.
   Finally, the excitonic absorption spectrum for the SILO quantum wires are
investigated by using our envelope function model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76439 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses and mixings in the MSSM with soft bilinear $R_p$


  We analyse a simple RPV extension of the MSSM, with bilinear
 R-parity violation in the soft terms and vevs, but not between the terms in
the superpotential. The model gives two massive neutrinos, and can fit all
constraints from neutrino data. We show analytically how to compute the lepton
number violating Lagrangian parameters from neutrino masses and mixing angles.
Conversely, we numerically vary the bilinear couplings as input parameters to
determine the allowed ranges that are consistent with neutrino data. We briefly
comment on the implications of our bounds for low energy LFV processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 265 </DOCNO>
Self-heating in small mesa structures


  We study analytically and numerically a problem of self-heating in small mesa
structures. Our results show that the self-heating is proportional to a
characteristic in-plane size of the mesa. Experimental data for small
high-$T_c$ superconductor Bi2212 mesas are in qualitative agreement with our
calculations. We estimate the self-heating in Bi2212 mesas with different sizes
and demonstrate that the self-heating can effectively be obviated in small mesa
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125963 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Line Emission from Superbubbles in the Interstellar Medium:


  The star forming process in the Milky Way is non-uniform in time and space.
The scale of star forming regions ranges from groups within a few pc to large
segments of spiral arms with linear dimension of order kpc. When many stars
form in a relatively small volume over a short duration, a localized starburst
ensues. The energetic impact of such a burst of star formation can severely
affect the dynamic structure of the gaseous disk. Stellar winds and supernova
explosions drive an expanding superbubble, whose size eventually exceeds the
scale height of the disk and thus drives a disk-wind blowing metal enriched gas
into the halo. We discuss the basic scenario of superbubble evolution,
emphasizing the associated gamma-ray line signatures. In particular, we discuss
nuclear line emission from 26Al and 60Fe in the Cygnus region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74915 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Flow of Bound States


  A renormalization group flow equation with a scale-dependent transformation
of field variables gives a unified description of fundamental and composite
degrees of freedom. In the context of the effective average action, we study
the renormalization flow of scalar bound states which are formed out of
fundamental fermions. We use the gauged Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at weak gauge
coupling as an example. Thereby, the notions of bound state or fundamental
particle become scale dependent, being classified by the fixed-point structure
of the flow of effective couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126491 </DOCNO>
The distance to the Vela pulsar gauged with HST parallax oservations


  The distance to the Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45) has been traditionally assumed
to be 500 pc. Although affected by a significant uncertainty, this value stuck
to both the pulsar and the SNR. In an effort to obtain a model free distance
measurement, we have applied high resolution astrometry to the pulsar V~23.6
optical counterpart. Using a set of five HST/WFPC2 observations, we have
obtained the first optical measurement of the annual parallax of the Vela
pulsar. The parallax turns out to be 3.4 +/- 0.7 mas, implying a distance of
294(-50;+76) pc, i.e. a value significantly lower than previously believed.
This affects the estimate of the pulsar absolute luminosity and of its emission
efficiency at various wavelengths and confirms the exceptionally high value of
the N_e towards the Vela pulsar. Finally, the complete parallax data base
allows for a better measurement of the Vela pulsar proper motion
(mu_alpha(cos(delta))=-37.2 +/- 1.2 mas/yr; mu_delta=28.2 +/- 1.3 mas/yr after
correcting for the peculiar motion of the Sun) which, at the parallax distance,
implies a transverse velocity of ~65 km/s. Moreover, the proper motion position
angle appears specially well aligned with the axis of symmetry of the X-ray
nebula as seen by Chandra. Such an alignment allows to assess the space
velocity of the Vela pulsar to be ~81 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127397 </DOCNO>
The fraction of galaxies that contain active nuclei and their accretion


  We investigate the relationship between the present day optical luminosity
function of galaxies and the X-ray luminosity function of Seyfert 1s to
determine the fraction of galaxies which host Seyfert 1 nuclei and their
Eddington ratios. The local type 1 AGN X-ray luminosity function is well
reproduced if ~ 1% of all galaxies are type 1 Seyferts which have Eddington
ratios of ~ 10^{-3}. However, in such a model the X-ray luminosity function is
completely dominated by AGN in E and S0 galaxies, contrary to the observed mix
of Seyfert host galaxies. To obtain a plausible mix of AGN host galaxy
morphologies requires that the most massive black holes in E and S0 galaxies
accrete with lower Eddington ratios, or have a lower incidence of Seyfert
activity, than the central black holes of later type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148969 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation and Open String Field theory


  We perform canonical quantization of the open string on a unstable D-brane in
the background of the tachyon condensation. Evaluating the Polyakov
path-integral on a stripe, we obtain the field theoretical propagator in the
open string theory. As the condensation occurs the string field theory is
continuously deformed. At the infrared fixed point of the condensation, the
open string field on the unstable D-brane transmutes to that on the lower
dimensional D-brane with the correct D-brane tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75477 </DOCNO>
The cross-section of muon-nuclear inelastic interaction


  It is shown that the combination of the structure functions $F_2$ predicted
by the CKMT model at low and moderate values of $Q^2$ and MRS99 parton
distribution functions at high $Q^2$ gives a good description of the data over
complete measured region of $x$ and $Q^2$. Using these structure functions the
main characteristics of the muon-nucleus inelastic scattering are calculated.
Nuclear effects and contributions of the neutral current and $\gamma - Z$
interference are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1233 </DOCNO>
Flux dynamics and vortex phase diagram of the new superconductor $MgB_2$


  Magnetic critical current density and relaxation rate have been measured on
$MgB_2$ bulks from 1.6 K to $T_c$ at magnetic fields up to 8 Tesla. A vortex
phase diagram is depicted based on these measurement. Two phase boundaries
$H_{irr}^{bulk}(T)$ and $H_{irr}^{g}(T)$ characterizing different irreversible
flux motions are found. The $H_{irr}^{bulk}(T)$ is characterized by the
appearance of the linear resistivity and is attributed to quantum vortex
melting induced by quantum fluctuation of vortices in the rather clean system.
The second boundary $ H_{irr}^g(T) $ reflects the irreversible flux motion in
some local regions due to either very strong pinning or the surface barrier on
the tiny grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72 </DOCNO>
A simple model for DNA denaturation


  Following Poland and Scheraga, we consider a simplified model for the
denaturation transition of DNA. The two strands are modeled as interacting
polymer chains. The attractive interactions, which mimic the pairing between
the four bases, are reduced to a single short range binding term. Furthermore,
base-pair misalignments are forbidden, implying that this binding term exists
only for corresponding (same curvilinear abscissae) monomers of the two chains.
We take into account the excluded volume repulsion between monomers of the two
chains, but neglect intra-chain repulsion. We find that the excluded volume
term generates an effective repulsive interaction between the chains, which
decays as $1/r^{d-2}$. Due to this long-range repulsion between the chains, the
denaturation transition is first order in any dimension, in agreement with
previous studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73142 </DOCNO>
Thermal emission from bare quark matter surfaces of hot strange stars


  We consider the thermal emission of photons and electron-positron pairs from
the bare quark surface of a hot strange star. The radiation of high-energy (>
20 MeV) equilibrium photons prevails at the surface temperature T_S > 5 x
10^{10} K, while below this temperature, 8 x 10^8 < T_S < 5 x 10^{10} K,
emission of electron-positron pairs created by the Coulomb barrier at the quark
surface dominates. The thermal luminosity of a hot strange star in both photons
and pairs is estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99015 </DOCNO>
Non-Conservative Minimal Quantum Dynamical Semigroups


  We give necessary and sufficient conditions for non-conservativity of a class
of minimal quantum dynamical semigroups (qds). We extend some well known
criteria for conservativity of minimal qds and show interesting relations of
the conservativity problem with the von Neumann theory of the defect indices of
a symmetric closed operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96562 </DOCNO>
Geometric and analytic properties of families of hypersurfaces in


  We study the geometry of families of hypersurfaces in Eguchi-Hanson space
that arise as complex line bundles over curves in $S^2$ and are
three-dimensional, non-compact Riemannian manifolds, which are foliated in Hopf
tori for closed curves. They are negatively curved, asymptotically flat spaces,
and we compute the complete three-dimensional curvature tensor as well as the
second fundamental form, giving also some results concerning their geodesic
flow. We show the non-existence of $\L^p$-harmonic functions on these
hypersurfaces for every $p \geq 1$ and arbitrary curves, and determine the
infima of the essential spectra of the Laplace and of the square of the Dirac
operator in the case of closed curves. For circles we also compute the
$\L^2$-kernel of the Dirac operator in the sense of spectral theory and show
that it is infinite dimensional. We consider further the Einstein Dirac system
on these spaces and construct explicit examples of T-Killing spinors on them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114435 </DOCNO>
Upgrade of Linac Control System with New Vme Controllers at Spring-8


  We integrated an injector linac control system to the SPring-8 standard
system on September 2000. As a result of this integration, the SPring-8
accelerator complex was controlled by one unified system. Because the linac was
continuously running as the electron beam injector not only for the SPring-8
storage ring but also for New SUBARU, we had to minimize the hardware
modification to reduce the time for the development and testing of the new
control system. The integration method was almost the same as that of the
integration of the booster synchrotron. We report here on the integration of
the linac control system with emphasis on the upgrade of the VMEbus controllers
and software involving the operating system Solaris 7 as the real-time OS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148942 </DOCNO>
Review of Open Superstring Field Theory


  I review the construction of an action for open superstring field theory
which does not suffer from the contact term problems of other approaches. This
action resembles a Wess-Zumino-Witten action and can be constructed in a
manifestly D=4 super-Poincar\'e covariant manner. This review is based on
lectures given at the ICTP Latin-American String School in Mexico City and the
Komaba 2000 Workshop in Tokyo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7146 </DOCNO>
Generalised Shastry-Sutherland Models in three and higher dimensions


  We construct Heisenberg anti-ferromagnetic models in arbitrary dimensions
that have isotropic valence bond crystals (VBC) as their exact ground states.
The d=2 model is the Shastry-Sutherland model. In the 3-d case we show that it
is possible to have a lattice structure, analogous to that of SrCu_2(BO_3)_2,
where the stronger bonds are associated with shorter bond lengths. A dimer mean
field theory becomes exact at d -> infinity and a systematic 1/d expansion can
be developed about it. We study the Neel-VBC transition at large d and find
that the transition is first order in even but second order in odd dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 541 </DOCNO>
Finite-temperature dynamical magnetic susceptibility of


  We study the dynamical response of frustrated, quasi-one-dimensional spin-1/2
Heisenberg antiferromagnets at finite temperatures. We allow for the presence
of a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We concentrate on a model of weakly
coupled planes of anisotropic triangular lattices. Combining exact results for
the dynamical response of one dimensional Heisenberg chains with a Random Phase
Approximation (RPA) in the frustrated interchain couplings, we calculate the
dynamical susceptibility in the disordered phase. We investigate the
instability of the disordered phase to the formation of collective modes. We
find a very weak instability to the formation of incommensurate magnetic order
and determine the ordering temperature and wave vector. We also determine the
effects of uniform magnetic fields on the ordering transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98405 </DOCNO>
Representations of Quantum Bicrossproduct Algebras


  We present a method to construct induced representations of quantum algebras
having the structure of bicrossproduct. We apply this procedure to some quantum
kinematical algebras in (1+1)--dimensions with this kind of structure:
null-plane quantum Poincare algebra, non-standard quantum Galilei algebra and
quantum kappa Galilei algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129066 </DOCNO>
Triaxial Black-Hole Nuclei


  We demonstrate that the nuclei of galaxies containing supermassive black
holes can be triaxial in shape. Schwarzschild's method was first used to
construct self-consistent orbital superpositions representing nuclei with axis
ratios of 1:0.79:0.5 and containing a central point mass representing a black
hole. Two different density laws were considered, with power-law slopes of -1
and -2. We constructed two solutions for each power law: one containing only
regular orbits and the other containing both regular and chaotic orbits.
Monte-Carlo realizations of the models were then advanced in time using an
N-body code to verify their stability. All four models were found to retain
their triaxial shapes for many crossing times. The possibility that galactic
nuclei may be triaxial complicates the interpretation of stellar-kinematical
data from the centers of galaxies and may alter the inferred interaction rates
between stars and supermassive black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81228 </DOCNO>
The Quest for Light Sea Quarks: Algorithms for the Future


  As part of a systematic algorithm study, we present first results on a
performance comparison between a multibosonic algorithm and the hybrid Monte
Carlo algorithm as employed by the SESAM collaboration. The standard Wilson
fermion action is used on 32*16^3 lattices at beta=5.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126897 </DOCNO>
Observations of flat-spectrum radio sources at 850 microns from the


  Calibrated data for 65 flat-spectrum extragalactic radio sources are
presented at a wavelength of 850 microns covering a three-year period from
April 1997. The data, obtained from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope using the
SCUBA camera in pointing mode, were analysed using an automated pipeline
process based on the Observatory Reduction and Acquisition Control - Data
Reduction (ORAC-DR) system. This paper describes the techniques used to analyse
and calibrate the data and presents the database of results along with a
representative sample of the better-sampled lightcurves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6798 </DOCNO>
Analytic Coulomb matrix elements in the lowest Landau level in disk


  Using Darling's theorem on products of generalized hypergeometric series an
analytic expression is obtained for the Coulomb matrix elements in the lowest
Landau level in the representation of angular momentum. The result is important
in the studies of Fractional Quantum Hall effect (FQHE) in disk geometry.
Matrix elements are expressed as simple finite sums of positive terms,
eliminating the need to approximate these quantities with slowly-convergent
series. As a by-product, an analytic representation for certain integals of
products of Laguerre polynomials is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86108 </DOCNO>
Geometrization of the Lax Pair Tensors


  The tensorial form of the Lax pair equations are given in a compact and
geometrically transparent form in the presence of Cartan's torsion tensor.
Three-dimensional spacetimes admitting Lax tensors are analyzed in detail.
Solutions to Lax tensor equations include interesting examples as separable
coordinates and the Toda lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123931 </DOCNO>
Intra-Day Variability and the Interstellar Medium Towards 0917+624


  The intra-day variable source 0917+624 displays annual changes in its
timescale of variability. This is explained in terms of a scintillation model
in which changes in the variability timescale are due to changes in the
relative velocity of the scintillation pattern as the Earth orbits the sun.
(see also astro-ph/0102050)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150300 </DOCNO>
SUSY Breaking by stable non-BPS configurations


  A simple mechanism for SUSY breaking is proposed due to the coexistence of
BPS domain walls. It requires no messenger fields nor complicated SUSY breaking
sector on any of the walls. We assumed that our world is on a BPS domain wall
and that the other BPS wall breaks the SUSY preserved by our wall. We obtain an
${\cal N}=1$ model in four dimensions which admits an exact solution of a
stable non-BPS configuration of two walls. The stability is assured by a
topological quantum number associated with the winding on the field space of
the topology of $S^1$. We propose that the overlap of the wave functions of the
Nambu-Goldstone fermion and those of physical fields provides a practical
method to evaluate SUSY breaking mass splitting on our wall thanks to a
low-energy theorem. This is based on our recent works hep-th/0009023 and
hep-th/0107204.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75798 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark production at the TEVATRON and HERA using k_t-factorization


  The application of k_t-factorization supplemented with the CCFM small-x
evolution equation to heavy quark production at the TEVATRON and at HERA is
discussed. The bb_bar production cross sections at the TEVATRON can be
consistently described using the k_t-factorization formalism together with the
unintegrated gluon density obtained within the CCFM evolution approach from a
fit to HERA F_2 data. Special attention is drawn to the comparison with
measured visible cross sections, which are compared to the hadron level Monte
Carlo generator CASCADE

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4571 </DOCNO>
Current and Spin-Torque in Double Tunnel Barrier Ferromagnet -


  We calculate the current and the spin-torque in small symmetric double tunnel
barrier ferromagnet - superconductor - ferromagnet (F-S-F) systems.
Spin-accumulation on the superconductor governs the transport properties when
the spin-flip relaxation time is longer than the transport dwell time. In the
elastic transport regime, it is demonstrated that the relative change in the
current (spin-torque) for F-S-F systems equals the relative change in the
current (spin-torque) for F-N-F systems upon changing the relative
magnetization direction of the two ferromagnets. This differs from the results
in the inelastic transport regime where spin-accumulation suppresses the
superconducting gap and dramatically changes the magnetoresistance [S.\
Takahashi, H. Imamura, and S. Maekawa, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 82}, 3911 (1999)].
The experimental relevance of the elastic and inelastic transport regimes,
respectively, as well as the reasons for the change in the transport properties
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2525 </DOCNO>
The London theory of the crossing-vortex lattice in highly anisotropic


  A novel description of Josephson vortices (JVs) crossed by the pancake
vortices (PVs) is proposed on the basis of the anisotropic London theory. The
field distribution of a JV and its energy have been calculated for both dense
($a<\lambda_J$) and dilute ($a>\lambda_J$) PV lattices with distance $a$
between PVs, and the nonlinear JV core size $\lambda_J$. It is shown that the
``shifted'' PV lattice (PVs displaced mainly along JVs in the crossing vortex
lattice structure), formed in high out-of-plane magnetic fields transforms into
the PV lattice ``trapped'' by the JV sublattice at a certain field, lower than
$\Phi_0/\gamma^2s^2$, where $\Phi_0$ is the flux quantum, $\gamma$ is the
anisotropy parameter and $s$ is the distance between CuO$_2$ planes.
  With further decreasing $B_z$, the free energy of the crossing vortex lattice
structure (PV and JV sublattices coexist separately) can exceed the free energy
of the tilted lattice (common PV-JV vortex structure) in the case of $\gamma
s<\lambda_{ab}$ with the in-plane penetration depth $\lambda_{ab}$ if the low
($B_x<\gamma\Phi_0/\lambda_{ab}^2$) or high ($B_x\gtrsim \Phi_0/\gamma s^2$)
in-plane magnetic field is applied. It means that the crossing vortex structure
is realized in the intermediate field orientations, while the tilted vortex
lattice can exist if the magnetic field is aligned near the $c$-axis and the
$ab$-plane as well. In the intermediate in-plane fields
$\gamma\Phi_0/\lambda_{ab}^2\lesssim B_x \lesssim \Phi_0/\gamma s^2$, the
crossing vortex structure with the ``trapped'' PV sublattice seems to settle in
until the lock-in transition occurs since this structure has the lower energy
with respect to the tilted vortex structure in the magnetic field ${\vec H}$
oriented near the $ab$-plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6507 </DOCNO>
Integrability and Conformal Symmetry in the BCS model


  The exactly solvable BCS Hamiltonian of superconductivity is considered from
several viewpoints: Richardson's ansatz, conformal field theory, integrable
inhomogenous vertex models and Chern-Simons theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41113 </DOCNO>
Real-Time Data Processing in the Muon System of the D0 Detector


  This paper presents a real-time application of the 16-bit fixed point Digital
Signal Processors (DSPs), in the Muon System of the D0 detector located at the
Fermilab Tevatron, presently the world's highest-energy hadron collider. As
part of the Upgrade for a run beginning in the year 2000, the system is
required to process data at an input event rate of 10 KHz without incurring
significant deadtime in readout. The ADSP21csp01 processor has high I/O
bandwidth, single cycle instruction execution and fast task switching support
to provide efficient multisignal processing. The processor's internal memory
consists of 4K words of Program Memory and 4K words of Data Memory. In addition
there is an external memory of 32K words for general event buffering and 16K
words of Dual Port Memory for input data queuing. This DSP fulfills the
requirement of the Muon subdetector systems for data readout. All error
handling, buffering, formatting and transferring of the data to the various
trigger levels of the data acquisition system is done in software. The
algorithms developed for the system complete these tasks in about 20
microseconds per event.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83989 </DOCNO>
Automated Real-Time Testing (ARTT) for Embedded Control Systems (ECS)


  Developing real-time automated test systems for embedded control systems has
been a real problem. Some engineers and scientists have used customized
software and hardware as a solution, which can be very expensive and time
consuming to develop. We have discovered how to integrate a suite of
commercially available off-the-shelf software tools and hardware to develop a
scalable test platform that is capable of performing complete black-box testing
for a dual-channel real-time Embedded-PLC-based control system
(www.aps.anl.gov). We will discuss how the Vali/Test Pro testing methodology
was implemented to structure testing for a personnel safety system with large
quantities of requirements and test cases.
  This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129400 </DOCNO>
On a Formation Scenario of Star Clusters


  Most formation scenarios of globular clusters assume a molecular cloud as the
progenitor of the stellar system. However, it is still unclear, how this cloud
is transformed into a star cluster, i.e. how the destructive processes related
to gas removal or low star formation efficiency can be avoided. Here a scheme
of supernova (SN) induced cluster formation is studied. According to this
scenario an expanding SN shell accumulates the mass of the cloud. This is
accompanied by fragmentation resulting in star formation in the shell. Provided
the stellar shell expands sufficiently slow, its self-gravity stops the
expansion and the shell recollapses, by this forming a stellar system.
   I present N-body simulations of collapsing shells which move in a galactic
potential on circular and elliptic orbits. It is shown that typical shells
(10^5 Msun, 30 pc) evolve to twin clusters over a large range of galactocentric
distances. Outside this range single stellar systems are formed, whereas at
small galactocentric distances the shells are tidally disrupted. In that case
many small fragments formed during the collapse survive as single bound
entities. About 1/3 of the twin cluster systems formed on circular orbits merge
within 400 Myr. On elliptic orbits the merger rate reduces to less than 4%.
Thus, there could be a significant number of twin clusters even in our Galaxy,
which, however, might be undetected as twins due to a large phase shift on
their common orbit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3381 </DOCNO>
Domain walls and phase transitions in fully frustrated XY models


  The fluctuations of a domain wall in the fully frustrated XY model (with
square or triangular lattice) are shown to induce the vanishing on the wall of
the effective stiffness with respect to phase twist. This forces the phase
transition, associated with unbinding of vortex pairs to take place at lower
temperature than the other phase transition, associated with proliferation of
the Ising type domain walls. The results are applicable for description of
superconducting junction arrays and wire networks in perpendicular magnetic
field corresponding to half-integer number of flux quanta per each lattice
plaquette, as well as of planar antiferromagnets with triangular lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98482 </DOCNO>
Uniformisation: on the Burnside curve $y^2=x^5-x$


  Uniformisation, Schwarz's (Fuchsian) equation and a conjecture of Whittaker
for the Burnside algebraic curve are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168557 </DOCNO>
Strictly contractive quantum channels and physically realizable quantum


  We study the robustness of quantum computers under the influence of errors
modelled by strictly contractive channels. A channel $T$ is defined to be
strictly contractive if, for any pair of density operators $\rho,\sigma$ in its
domain, $\| T\rho - T\sigma \|_1 \le k \| \rho-\sigma \|_1$ for some $0 \le k <
1$ (here $\| \cdot \|_1$ denotes the trace norm). In other words, strictly
contractive channels render the states of the computer less distinguishable in
the sense of quantum detection theory. Starting from the premise that all
experimental procedures can be carried out with finite precision, we argue that
there exists a physically meaningful connection between strictly contractive
channels and errors in physically realizable quantum computers. We show that,
in the absence of error correction, sensitivity of quantum memories and
computers to strictly contractive errors grows exponentially with storage time
and computation time respectively, and depends only on the constant $k$ and the
measurement precision. We prove that strict contractivity rules out the
possibility of perfect error correction, and give an argument that approximate
error correction, which covers previous work on fault-tolerant quantum
computation as a special case, is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2500 </DOCNO>
Small-world phenomena and the statistics of linear polymer networks


  A regular lattice in which the sites can have long range connections at a
distance l with a probabilty $P(l) \sim l^{-\delta}$, in addition to the short
range nearest neighbour connections, shows small-world behaviour for $0 \le
\delta < \delta_c$. In the most appropriate physical example of such a system,
namely the linear polymer network, the exponent $\delta$ is related to the
exponents of the corresponding n-vector model in the $n \to 0$ limit, and its
value is less than $\delta_c$. Still, the polymer networks do not show
small-world behaviour. Here, we show that this is due a (small value)
constraint on the number q of long range connections per monomer in the
network. In the general $\delta - q$ space, we obtain a phase boundary
separating regions with and without small-world behaviour, and show that the
polymer network falls marginally in the regular lattice region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97258 </DOCNO>
Twisted partition functions for ADE boundary conformal field theories


  For every ADE Dynkin diagram, we give a realization, in terms of usual fusion
algebras (graph algebras), of the algebra of quantum symmetries described by
the associated Ocneanu graph. We give explicitly, in each case, the list of the
corresponding twisted partition functions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95482 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic linear bounds for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity


  We prove asymptotic linear bounds for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of
certain filtrations of homogeneous ideals whose Rees algebras need not to be
Noetherian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1668 </DOCNO>
First order phase transition from ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism


  Taking the pseudobinary C15 Laves phase compound
Ce(Fe$_{0.96}$Al$_{0.04}$)$_2$ as a paradigm for studying a ferromagnetic to
antiferromagnetic phase transition, we present interesting thermomagnetic
history effects in magnetotransport as well as magnetisation measurements
across this phase transition. A comparison is made with history effects
observed across the ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition in
R$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$ crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179593 </DOCNO>
Three- and Four-body correlations in nuclear matter


  Few-nucleon correlations in nuclear matter at finite densities and
temperatures are explored. Using the Dyson equation approach leads to effective
few-body equations that include self energy corrections and Pauli blocking
factors in a systematic way. Examples given are the nucleon deuteron in-medium
reaction rates, few-body bound states including the $\ga$-particle, and
$\ga$-particle condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125936 </DOCNO>
High-resolution O VI absorption line observations at 1.2 < z < 1.7 in


  STIS Echelle observations at a resolution of 10 km/s and UVES/VLT
spectroscopy at a resolution of 7 km/s of the luminous QSO HE 0515-4414 (z_em =
1.73, B = 15.0) reveal four intervening O VI absorption systems in the redshift
range 1.2 < z_abs < 1.7 (1.38503, 1.41601, 1.60175, 1.67359). In addition two
associated systems at z = 1.69707 and z = 1.73585 are present. For the first
time high resolution observations allow to measure radial velocities of H I, C
IV and O VI simultaneously in several absorption systems (1.385, 1.674, 1.697)
with the result that significant velocity differences (up to 18 km/s) are
observed between H I and O VI, while smaller differences (up to 5 km/s) are
seen between C IV and O VI. We tentatively conclude that H I, O VI, and C IV
are not formed in the same volumes and that therefore implications on
ionization mechanisms are not possible from observed column density ratios O
VI/H I or O VI/C IV. The number density of O VI absorbers with W_rest > 25 mA
is dN/dz < 10, roughly a factor of 5 less than what has been found by Tripp at
al. (2000) at low redshift. An estimate of the cosmological mass-density of the
O VI-phase yields Omega_b(O VI) = 0.0003 h^{-1}_{75} for [O/H] = -1 and an
assumed ionization fraction O VI/O = 0.2. This corresponds to an increase by
roughly a factor of 15 between z = 1.5 (this work) and the value found by Tripp
et al. (2000) at z = 0.21, if the same oxygen abundance [O/H] = -1 is assumed.
Agreement with the simulations by Dave et al. (2001) can be obtained, if the
oxygen abundance increases by a factor of 3 over the same redshift interval.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97613 </DOCNO>
Dual Bialgebroids for Depth Two Ring Extensions


  We introduce a general notion of depth two for ring homomorphism N --> M, and
derive Morita equivalence of the step one and three centralizers, R = C_M(N)
and C = End_{N-M}(M \o_N M), via dual bimodules and step two centralizers A =
End_NM_N and B = (M \o_N M)^N, in a Jones tower above N --> M. Lu's
bialgebroids End_k A' and A' \o_k {A'}^op over a k-algebra A' are generalized
to left and right bialgebroids A and B with B the R-dual bialgebroid of A. We
introduce Galois-type actions of A on M and B on End_NM when M_N is a balanced
module. In the case of Frobenius extensions M | N, we prove an endomorphism
ring theorem for depth two. Further in the case of irreducible extensions, we
extend previous results on Hopf algebra and weak Hopf algebra actions in
subfactor theory [Szymanski, Nikshych-Vainerman] and its generalizations
[Kadison-Nikshych: RA/0107064, RA/0102010] by methods other than nondegenerate
pairing. As a result, we have concrete expressions for the Hopf or weak Hopf
algebra structures on the step two centralizers. Semisimplicity of B is
equivalent to separability of the extension M | N. In the presence of depth
two, we show that biseparable extensions are QF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97391 </DOCNO>
Solutions of the Quantum-Yang-Baxter-Equation from Symmetric Spaces


  We show that for each semi-Riemannian locally symmetric space the curvature
tensor gives rise to a rational solution $r$ of the classical Yang-Baxter
equation with spectral parameter. For several Riemannian globally symmetric
spaces $M$ such as real, complex and quaternionic Grassmann manifolds we
explicitly compute solutions $R$ of the quantum Yang Baxter equations
(represented in the tangent spaces of $M$) which generalize the quantum
$R$-matrix found by Zamolodchikov and Zamolodchikov in 1979.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125670 </DOCNO>
Quark-Nova as Gamma Ray Burst Precursor


  We explore the scenario where the core of a proto-neutron star (with
densities above deconfinement value) shrinks into the equilibrated strange
matter object. The left-out matter (the envelope of mass M_{env.}) free-falls
following the core contraction releasing tremendous energies, up to E_{QN}
\simeq 4 \times 10^{52} {\rm ergs} as a result of strangeness contamination or
conversion or baryons to quarks - a phenomena we call Quark-Nova. We show that
`dirty' fireballs are a natural outcome of Quark-Novae and could in principle
account for Gamma Ray Burst precursor activity. We argue that in general the
Quark-Nova ejecta (the `dirty' fireball) is absorbed or attenuated by the slow
preceding Supernova ejecta explaining why only 3% of bursts exhibit precursor
activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 717 </DOCNO>
From Disordered Crystal to Glass: Exact Theory


  We calculate thermodynamic properties of a disordered model insulator,
starting from the ideal simple-cubic lattice ($g = 0$) and increasing the
disorder parameter $g$ to $\gg 1/2$. As in earlier Einstein- and Debye-
approximations, there is a phase transition at $g_{c} = 1/2$. For $g<g_{c}$ the
low-T heat-capacity $C \sim T^{3}$ whereas for $g>g_{c}$, $C \sim T$. The van
Hove singularities disappear at {\em any finite $g$}. For $g>1/2$ we discover
novel {\em fixed points} in the self-energy and spectral density of this model
glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149376 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolicity of Partition Function and Quantum Gravity


  We study a geometry of the partition function which is defined in terms of a
solution of the five-term relation. It is shown that the 3-dimensional
hyperbolic structure or Euclidean AdS_3 naturally arises in the classical limit
of this invariant. We discuss that the oriented ideal tetrahedron can be
assigned to the partition function of string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148067 </DOCNO>
Localized Massive Gravity from B Fields


  We consider five-dimensional domain-wall solutions which arise from a sphere
reduction in M-theory or string theory and have the higher-dimensional
interpretation as the near-horizon region of p-branes in constant, background B
fields. We analyze the fluctuation spectrum of linearized gravity and find that
there is a massive state which is localized and plays the role of the
four-dimensional graviton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6977 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in the Bose Gas with Attractive Boundary Conditions


  In this paper limiting distribution functions of field and density
fluctuations are explicitly and rigorously computed for the different phases of
the Bose gas. Several Gaussian and non-Gaussian distribution functions are
obtained and the dependence on boundary conditions is explicitly derived. The
model under consideration is the free Bose gas subjected to attractive boundary
conditions, such boundary conditions yield a gap in the spectrum. The presence
of a spectral gap and the method of the coupled thermodynamic limits are the
new aspects of this work, leading to new scaling exponents and new fluctuation
distribution functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86028 </DOCNO>
Stability analysis of cosmological models through Liapunov's method


  We investigate the general asymptotic behaviour of Friedman-Robertson-Walker
(FRW) models with an inflaton field, scalar-tensor FRW cosmological models and
diagonal Bianchi-IX models by means of Liapunov's method. This method provides
information not only about the asymptotic stability of a given equilibrium
point but also about its basin of attraction. This cannot be obtained by the
usual methods found in the literature, such as linear stability analysis or
first order perturbation techniques. Moreover, Liapunov's method is also
applicable to non-autonomous systems. We use this advantadge to investigate the
mechanism of reheating for the inflaton field in FRW models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40752 </DOCNO>
Extensive Air Shower Radio Detection: Recent Results and Outlook


  A prototype system for detecting radio pulses associated with extensive
cosmic ray air showers is described. Sensitivity is compared with that in
previous experiments, and lessons are noted for future studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75535 </DOCNO>
A note on the Georgi vector limit at finite temperature/density


  The mechanism of chiral symmetry restoration in the context of the Georgi
Vector Limit (GVL) at finite temperature/density is discussed.
 It is suggested that, whereas the system may be driven to the GVL, the fact of
reaching the point of restoration does not neceserily mean the complete
realization of the GVL since the other mechanisms of restoration may contribute
at lower temperatures/densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4077 </DOCNO>
Growing random networks under constraints


  We study the evolution of a random graph under the constraint that the
diameter remain constant as the graph grows. We show that if the graph
maintains the form of its link distribution it must be scale-free with exponent
between 2 and 3. These uniqueness results may help explain the scale-free
nature of graphs, of varying sizes, representing the evolved metabolic pathways
in 43 organisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73085 </DOCNO>
Parametric Resonance of Neutrino Oscillations in Electromagnetic Wave


  Within the Lorentz invariant formalizm for description of neutrino evolution
in electromagnetic fields and matter we consider neutrino spin oscillations in
the circular polarized electromagnetic wave, the amplitude of which is a
modulated function of time. It is shown for the first time that the parametric
resonance of neutrino oscillations can occur in such a system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74332 </DOCNO>
Complex poles and oscillatory screened potential in QED plasmas


  We discuss the mechanism for the oscillatory behavior of the static
interparticle potential in a degenerate electron plasma. This behavior,
observed in metallic alloys, is commonly referred to as 'Friedel oscillations',
and its origin associated to the Kohn singularity. We show that, although this
interpretation is adequate for large distances, the oscillations at short
distances originate from a complex pole of the in-medium photon propagator in
the complex q-plane, which exists aside the (purely imaginary) Debye pole. Such
short-range oscillations can be physically discriminated if they remain at
temperatures for which Friedel oscillations have already disappeared. This is
suggested by finite temperature calculations in non-electromagnetic plasma
models showing a similar pole structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4607 </DOCNO>
Magnetization, Structural and Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of


  We present the results from a magnetization, structural, and nuclear
quadrupole resonance study of the ruthenate-cuprate, RuSr2R2-xCexCu2O10+d with
x=1 and R=Eu. This compound is a superconductor for Ce doping in the range
0.4<=x<=0.8 and displays ferromagnetic order for 0.4<=x<=1.0. We show that the
tilting and rotation of the RuO6 octahedra are essentially the same for x=1,
x=0.6 and the superconducting antiferromagnet, RuSr2GdCu2O8. However, the
moment per Ru in RuSr2EuCeCu2O10+d is comparable to that observed in
RuSr2EuCu2O8. These results indicate that it is unlikely that the different
magnetic order found in RuSr2R2-xCexCu2O10+d and RuSr2RCu2O8 (R=Y,Gd,Eu) is due
to changes in structurally induced distortions of the RuO6 octahedra as found
in the ruthenate compounds (e.g. Sr1-xCaxRuO3). We show that the Cu nuclear
quadrupole resonance (NQR) data are similar to those observed in the single
CuO2 layer superconductor, La1-xSrxCuO4, where the Cu spin-lattice relaxation
rate is dominated by hyperfine coupling within the CuO2 layers and any
additional hyperfine coupling from spin fluctuations in the RuO2 layers is
small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2502 </DOCNO>
Granular Matter and the Marginal Rigidity State


  Model experiments are reported on the build-up of granular piles in two
dimensions. These show that as the initial density of falling grains is
increased, the resulting pile has decreasing final density and its coordination
number approaches the low value predicted for the theoretical marginal rigidity
state. This provides the first direct experimental evidence for this state of
granular matter. We trace the decrease in the coordination number to the
dynamics within an advancing yield front between the consolidated pile and the
falling grains. We show that the front's size increases with initial density,
diverging as the marginal rigidity state is approached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123405 </DOCNO>
A Doppler Shift model to explain the Cyclotron Line Variability in X-Ray


  A simple model to explain the phase-dependence of the cyclotron absorption
line observed in many X-Ray pulsars is presented. It includes several
relativistic effects, namely gravitational redshift, gravitational light
deflection, and - most important - doppler shift of the photon energy in the
infalling plasma. It is shown that previous estimates of neutron star magnetic
fields neglecting the last effect give results which are too small by about a
factor of two. Finally the developed equations are used to determine the
neutron star radius and magnetic field of Her X-1, but the large uncertainties
in the geometry prevent the results from seriously constraining the parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114387 </DOCNO>
Toward a General Theory of Control Knobs


  Experience using hardware knobs as an operator interface for controlling
equipment has varied considerably at different facilities. Reactions have
ranged from "indispensable" at some facilities, to "virtually useless" at
others. In this paper, we will attempt to outline some basic principles for
successful knob implementation. These principles derive from our own experience
with control knobs at the LANSCE Accelerator Complex and our recent effort to
adapt our control knobs to EPICS. Topics to be covered include what the
operator needs the knob to do, what the knob needs to know about the device it
is controlling, and knob scaling issues. Advanced topics such as closed-loop,
PID, and aggregate knobs are left as topics for future papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73176 </DOCNO>
MKN Theory of Bound States


  This paper derives most of the formulas in the MKN (Maung-Kahana-Norbury)
Theory of bound states which incorporates the Lande Subtraction method to
remove the singularities of the Cornell potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123609 </DOCNO>
N-Body Simulations of Open, Self-Gravitating Systems


  Astrophysical systems differ often in two points from classical
thermodynamical systems: 1.) They are open and 2.) gravity is a dominant
factor. Both modifies the homogeneous equilibrium structure, known from
classical thermodynamics. In order to study the consequence for structure
formation in astrophysical systems, we carry out N-body simulations of
self-gravitating systems, subjected to an energy-flow. The simulations show
that physically realistic, time-dependent boundary conditions can maintain a
molecular cloud in a statistically steady state, out of thermodynamic
equilibrium.
  Moreover we perform some simple "gravo-thermal" N-body experiments and
compare them with theoretical results. We find negative specific heat in an
energy range predicted by Follana and Laliena (1999).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97862 </DOCNO>
Attaching handlebodies to 3-manifolds


  This paper deals with a generalisation of Dehn surgery. Instead of attaching
solid tori to a 3-manifold with toral boundary components, we start with a
3-manifold with higher genus boundary components and glue on handlebodies. The
aim is to generalise well known surgery results to this setting. We prove the
following theorem. Let M be a compact, orientable, irreducible, atoroidal,
acylindrical 3-manifold with non-empty incompressible boundary. Then there is a
finite collection C of essential simple closed curves on the boundary of M with
the following property. Suppose that M' is a closed 3-manifold obtained by
gluing handlebodies H onto the boundary of M, such that no curve in C is glued
to the boundary of a disc in H. Then M' is irreducible, atoroidal, word
hyperbolic and not Seifert fibred. Also, the inclusion of any component of H
into M' is injective at the level of fundamental groups, and so the fundamental
group of M' is infinite. Moreover, there is an upper bound on the number of
curves in C which depends only on the genus of the boundary of M. We also
investigate ways of finding gluing maps that satisfy the above condition. Our
method is start with an arbitrary gluing map, and modify it by powers of an
automorphism f of the boundary of H. We show that, providing no power of f
`partially extends' to H, infinitely many of the resulting gluing maps do
indeed satisfy the requirement of the theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114494 </DOCNO>
Scattering length of the ground state Mg+Mg collision


  We have constructed the X 1SIGMAg+ potential for the collision between two
ground state Mg atoms and analyzed the effect of uncertainties in the shape of
the potential on scattering properties at ultra-cold temperatures. This
potential reproduces the experimental term values to 0.2 inverse cm and has a
scattering length of +1.4(5) nm where the error is prodominantly due to the
uncertainty in the dissociation energy and the C6 dispersion coefficient. A
positive sign of the scattering length suggests that a Bose-Einstein condensate
of ground state Mg atoms is stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96711 </DOCNO>
On the Adams Spectral Sequence for R-modules


  We discuss the Adams Spectral Sequence for R-modules based on commutative
localized regular quotient ring spectra over a commutative S-algebra R in the
sense of Elmendorf, Kriz, Mandell, May and Strickland. The formulation of this
spectral sequence is similar to the classical case and the calculation of its
E_2-term involves the cohomology of certain `brave new Hopf algebroids' E^R_*E.
In working out the details we resurrect Adams' original approach to Universal
Coefficient Spectral Sequences for modules over an R ring spectrum.
  We show that the Adams Spectral Sequence for S_R based on a commutative
localized regular quotient R ring spectrum E=R/I[X^{-1}] converges to the
homotopy of the E-nilpotent completion pi_*hat{L}^R_ES_R=R_*[X^{-1}]^hat_{I_*}.
We also show that when the generating regular sequence of I_* is finite,
hatL^R_ES_R is equivalent to L^R_ES_R, the Bousfield localization of S_R with
respect to E-theory. The spectral sequence here collapses at its E_2-term but
it does not have a vanishing line because of the presence of polynomial
generators of positive cohomological degree. Thus only one of Bousfield's two
standard convergence criteria applies here even though we have this
equivalence. The details involve the construction of an I-adic tower R/I <--
R/I^2 <-- ... <-- R/I^s <-- R/I^{s+1} <-- ... whose homotopy limit is
hatL^R_ES_R. We describe some examples for the motivating case R=MU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72874 </DOCNO>
The Running Coulomb Potential and Lamb Shift in QCD


  The QCD beta-function and the anomalous dimensions for the Coulomb potential
and the static potential first differ at three loop order. We evaluate the
three loop ultrasoft anomalous dimension for the Coulomb potential and give the
complete three loop running. Using this result, we calculate the leading
logarithmic Lamb shift for a heavy quark-antiquark bound state, which includes
all contributions to the binding energies of the form m\alpha_s^4(\alpha_s
ln\alpha_s)^k, k\ge 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148548 </DOCNO>
Path integral formulation of Hodge duality on the brane


  In the warped compactification with a single Randall-Sundrum brane, a
puzzling claim has been made that scalar fields can be bound to the brane but
their Hodge dual higher-rank anti-symmetric tensors cannot. By explicitly
requiring the Hodge duality, a prescription to resolve this puzzle was recently
proposed by Duff and Liu. In this note, we implement the Hodge duality via path
integral formulation in the presence of the background gravity fields of warped
compactifications. It is shown that the prescription of Duff and Liu can be
naturally understood within this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124030 </DOCNO>
Detection of a Hard Tail in the X-ray Spectrum of the Z Source GX 349+2


  We present the results of a BeppoSAX observation of the Z source GX 349+2
covering the energy range 0.1-200 keV. The presence of flares in the light
curve indicates that the source was in the flaring branch during the BeppoSAX
observation. We accumulated energy spectra separately for the non-flaring
intervals and the flares. In both cases the continuum is well described by a
soft blackbody ($k T_{BB} \sim 0.5$ keV) and a Comptonized spectrum
corresponding to an electron temperature of $k T_e \sim 2.7$ keV, optical depth
$\tau \sim 10$ (for a spherical geometry), and seed photon temperature of $k
T_W \sim 1$ keV. All temperatures tend to increase during the flares. In the
non-flaring emission a hard tail dominates the spectrum above 30 keV. This can
be fit by a power law with photon index $\sim 2$, contributing $\sim 2%$ of the
total source luminosity over the BeppoSAX energy range. A comparison with hard
tails detected in some soft states of black hole binaries suggests that a
similar mechanism could originate these components in black hole and neutron
star systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72834 </DOCNO>
The Power of Brane-Induced Gravity


  We study the role of the brane-induced graviton kinetic term in theories with
large extra dimensions. In five dimensions we construct a model with a
TeV-scale fundamental Planck mass and a {\it flat} extra dimension the size of
which can be astronomically large. 4D gravity on the brane is mediated by a
massless zero-mode, whereas the couplings of the heavy Kaluza-Klein modes to
ordinary matter are suppressed. The model can manifest itself through the
predicted deviations from Einstein theory in long distance precision
measurements of the planetary orbits. The bulk states can be a rather exotic
form of dark matter, which at sub-solar distances interact via strong 5D
gravitational force. We show that the induced term changes dramatically the
phenomenology of sub-millimeter extra dimensions. For instance, high-energy
constraints from star cooling or cosmology can be substantially relaxed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72544 </DOCNO>
Gauge Symmetry Enhancement and Radiatively Induced Mass in the Large N


  We consider a hybrid of nonlinear sigma models in which two complex
projective spaces are coupled with each other under a duality. We study the
large N effective action in 1+1 dimensions. We find that some of the
dynamically generated gauge bosons acquire radiatively induced masses which,
however, vanish along the self-dual points where the two couplings
characterizing each complex projective space coincide. These points correspond
to the target space of the Grassmann manifold along which the gauge symmetry is
enhanced, and the theory favors the non-Abelian ultraviolet fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 413 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Network Dynamics on Earthquake Fault Systems


  Earthquake faults occur in networks that have dynamical modes not displayed
by single isolated faults. Using simulations of the network of strike-slip
faults in southern California, we find that the physics depends critically on
both the interactions among the faults, which are determined by the geometry of
the fault network, as well as on the stress dissipation properties of the
nonlinear frictional physics, similar to the dynamics of integrate-and-fire
neural networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7245 </DOCNO>
Common features of nanoscale structural correlations in magnetoresistive


  We report x-ray scattering studies of nanoscale structural correlations in
Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$MnO$_3$ and La$_{1-x}$(Ca,Sr)$_x$MnO$_3$, $x$=0.2--0.5. We find
that the correlated regions possess a temperature-independent correlation
length of 2-3 lattice constants which is the same in all samples. The period of
the lattice modulation of the correlated regions is proportional to the Ca/Sr
doping concentration $x$. Remarkably, the lattice modulation periods of these
and several other manganites with a ferromagnetic ground state fall on the same
curve when plotted as a function of $x$. Thus, the structure of the correlated
regions in these materials appears to be determined by a single parameter, $x$.
We argue that these observations provide important clues for understanding the
Colossal Magnetoresistance phenomenon in manganites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81133 </DOCNO>
Two Flavors of Staggered Fermions with Smeared Links


  Staggered fermions with smeared links can have greatly improved chiral
properties. In a recent paper we introduced a simple and effective method to
simulate four flavors of staggered smeared link fermions. In this work we
extend the four flavor method to two flavors. We define the two flavor action
by the square root of the four flavor fermionic determinant and show that by
using a polynomial approximation the two flavor action can be evaluated with
the necessary accuracy. We test this method by studying the finite temperature
phase structure with hypercubic smeared (HYP) link staggered action on N_t=4
temporal lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168177 </DOCNO>
An example of the difference between quantum and classical random walks


  In this note, we discuss a general definition of quantum random walks on
graphs and illustrate with a simple graph the possibility of very different
behavior between a classical random walk and its quantum analogue. In this
graph, propagation between a particular pair of nodes is exponentially faster
in the quantum case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128278 </DOCNO>
Optical Identification of Multiple Faint X-ray Sources in the Globular


  We report on the Chandra ACIS-S3 imaging observation of the globular cluster
NGC 6752. We detect 6 X-ray sources within the 10.5" core radius and 13 more
within the 115" half-mass radius down to a limiting luminosity of Lx approx
10^{30} erg/s for cluster sources. We reanalyze archival data from the Hubble
Space Telescope and the Australia Telescope Compact Array and make 12 optical
identifications and one radio identification. Based on X-ray and optical
properties of the identifications, we find 10 likely cataclysmic variables
(CVs), 1-3 likely RS CVn or BY Dra systems, and 1 or 2 possible background
objects. Of the 7 sources for which no optical identifications were made, we
expect that ~2-4 are background objects and that the rest are either CVs or
some or all of the five millisecond pulsars whose radio positions are not yet
accurately known. These and other Chandra results on globular clusters indicate
that the dozens of CVs per cluster expected by theoretical arguments are being
found. The findings to date also suggest that the ratio of CVs to other types
of X-ray sources is remarkably similar in clusters of very different structural
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123795 </DOCNO>
Radio Continuum Imaging of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 4258


  We analyze 3."5 resolution, high sensitivity radio continuum images of the
nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4258 at 6 and 20 cm derived from multiple observations
used to monitor the radio supernova SN 1981K (Van Dyk et al. 1992, [ApJ, 396,
1995]). Seven bright H II region and five supernova remnant candidates are
identified. Extinctions to the H II regions are estimated for the first time
from a comparison of radio flux densities to new optical fluxes derived from
H-alpha observations by Dutil & Roy (1999, [ApJ, 516, 62]). The bright end of
the H II region luminosity function is established at each wavelength. The
luminosity functions are best fit by power laws consistent with the shape of
previously published radio and optical luminosity functions for a number of
galaxies. The supernova remnants are all about 2--3 times the radio luminosity
of Cas A. In addition, the galaxy's nucleus is shown to have been variable over
the SN 1981K monitoring period. The spectral index (alpha) distribution of the
anomalous radio arms is investigated and found to be relatively uniform at
alpha = -0.65 +/- 0.10.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149208 </DOCNO>
A Superfield Formalism of osp(1,2) Covariant Quantization


  We propose a superfield description of osp(1,2) covariant quantization by
extending the set of admissibility conditions for the quantum action. We
realize a superfield form of the generating equations, specify the vacuum
functional and obtain the corresponding transformations of extended BRST
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72845 </DOCNO>
Higgs production in hadron collisions: soft and virtual QCD corrections


  We consider QCD corrections to Higgs boson production through gluon-gluon
fusion in hadron collisions. Using the recently evaluated two-loop amplitude
for this process and the corresponding factorization formulae for soft-gluon
bremsstrahlung at O(alpha_s^2), we compute the soft and virtual contributions
to the NNLO cross section. We also discuss soft-gluon resummation at
next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. Numerical results for Higgs boson
production at the LHC are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75006 </DOCNO>
Towards a global analysis of polarized parton distributions


  We present a technique for implementing in a fast way, and without any
approximations, higher-order calculations of partonic cross sections into
global analyses of parton distribution functions. The approach, which is set up
in Mellin-moment space, is particularly suited for analyses of future data from
polarized proton-proton collisions, but not limited to this case. The
usefulness and practicability of this method is demonstrated for the
semi-inclusive production of hadrons in deep-inelastic scattering and the
transverse momentum distribution of ``prompt'' photons in pp collisions, and a
case study for a future global analysis of polarized parton densities is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1324 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties of hexagonal YMnO$_3$, LuMnO$_3$ and ScMnO$_3$


  We report the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and dielectric constant
on high purity polycrystalline samples of three hexagonal manganites: YMnO_3,
LuMnO_3 and ScMnO_3. These materials can exhibit a ferroelectric transition at
very high temperatures (T_{FE} > 700K). At lower temperatures there is magnetic
ordering of the frustrated Mn^{3+} spins (S=2) on a triangular Mn lattice
(YMnO_3:T_N=71K; LuMnO$_3:T_N=90K and ScMnO_3:T_N=130K). The transition is
characterized by a sharp kink in the magnetic susceptibility at T_N below which
it continues to increase due to the frustration on the triangular lattice. The
specific heat shows one clear continuous phase transition at T_N, which is
independent of external magnetic field up to 9T with an entropy content as
expected for Mn^{3+} ions. The temperature dependent dielectric constant
displays a distinct anomaly at T_N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126099 </DOCNO>
Lens Model Degeneracy and Cosmological Tests by Strong Gravitational


  We study the relation between the gravitational lensing observables and the
lens model and the cosmological parameters. We estimate the sensitivity of the
lensing observables to the lens model and to the cosmological parameters. We
show that the observables are primarily dependent on the lens model, while the
dependence on cosmological parameters is minor (especially so for the dark
energy parameters). We demonstrate the lens model degeneracy by showing both
the projected mass density profile and the circular velocity profile. The
degeneracy of the projected mass model may not be broken even when combined
with the measurements of the velocity dispersion. We also suggest the possible
source of the problem of fitting the averaged mass profile of CL 0024+1654 by
the Navarro-Frenk-White profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 559 </DOCNO>
Electrical Transport Properties of Single Crystal Sr3Ru2O7: The Possible


  We report the results of Hall coefficient R_H and magnetoresistance (MR)
measurements on single crystalline samples of Sr3Ru2O7 grown by the floating
zone method. R_H was found to be positive over the entire temperature range
studied (0.3 - 300K). Its temperature (T) dependence follows closely that of
the magnetic susceptibility, including a maximum at a characteristic
temperature T=17 K. We show that R_H can be decomposed into normal and
anomalous parts as in the case of skew scattering in heavy-fermion compounds
and ferromagnetic metals. This, together with the observation that the
longitudinal MR is greater than the transverse MR at the same magnetic field
and temperature, suggests that magnetic fluctuations dominate the electrical
transport properties in Sr3Ru2O7. We found a crossover in the sign of the MR at
T*, from positive to negative as the temperature increased, for both the
transverse and the longitudinal configurations. In addition, a non-monotonic
behavior in the field dependence of the MR was found at low temperatures. These
observations suggest that the magnetic correlations in Sr3Ru2O7 at ambient
pressure undergo a qualitative change as the temperature is lowered. Above T*,
they are dominated by ferromagnetic instability. However, below T*, the system
crosses over to a different behavior, controlled possibly by a canted
antiferromagnetic instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150119 </DOCNO>
Toward an Infinite-component Field Theory with a Double Symmetry: Free


  We begin a study of possibilities of describing hadrons in terms of monolocal
fields which transform as proper Lorentz group representations decomposable
into an infinite direct sum of finite-dimensional irreducible representations.
The additional requirement that the free-field Lagrangians be invariant under
the secondary symmetry transformations generated by the polar or the axial
four-vector representation of the orthochronous Lorentz group provides an
effective mechanism for selecting the class representations considered and
eliminating an infinite number of arbitrary constants allowed by the
relativistic invariance of the Lagrangians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126162 </DOCNO>
Upper limits of the $^{22}$Na yield from O-Ne nova


  The radioactive isotope $^{22}$Na is one of the primary tracer isotopes that
may potentially be detectable by gamma-ray spectroscopy. This isotope is
predicted to be produced in ONe nova explosions, yet no detection of its 1.275
MeV gamma-ray signature has been reported so far. In particular, 6 years of
COMPTEL observations of the galactic bulge, a region that should be
particularily rich in nova explosions, have only led to an upper-limit. In this
paper we will present the implications of the COMPTEL upper flux limit on the
permissible $^{22}$Na yield for ONe novae. We base our analysis on extensive
Monte-Carlo simulations of galactic 1.275 MeV emission that were constrained by
the most recent results of galactic nova rates and distributions. We
demonstrate that the non-detection of the 1.275 MeV line from the galactic
bulge implies a solid upper $^{22}$Na yield limit in agreement with current
theoretical nucleosynthesis calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113744 </DOCNO>
A Shaky Road to Subnanometer Beams. NLC Ground Motion, Vibration and


  Ground motion and vibration can be a limiting factor in the performance of
future linear colliders. Investigations of ground motion have been carried out
around the world for several decades. In this review, results of recent
investigations of ground motion as well as ongoing developments of
stabilization methods are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72361 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations in matter of varying density


  We consider two-family neutrino oscillations in a medium of
continuously-varying density as a limit of the process in a series of
constant-density layers. We construct analytic expressions for the conversion
amplitude at high energies within a medium with a density profile that is
piecewise linear. We compare some cases to understand the type of effects that
depend on the order of the material traversed by a neutrino beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 231 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of force-induced DNA unzipping in exactly solvable models


  The mechanical separation of the double helical DNA structure induced by
forces pulling apart the two DNA strands (``unzipping'') has been the subject
of recent experiments. Analytical results are obtained within various models of
interacting pairs of directed walks in the (1,1,...,1) direction on the
hypercubic lattice, and the phase diagram in the force-temperature plane is
studied for a variety of cases. The scaling behaviour is determined at both the
unzipping and the melting transition. We confirm the existence of a cold
denaturation transition recently observed in numerical simulations: for a
finite range of forces the system gets unzipped by {\it decreasing} the
temperature. The existence of this transition is rigorously established for
generic lattice and continuum space models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174681 </DOCNO>
The event generator DECAY4 for simulation of double beta processes and


  The computer code DECAY4 is developed to generate initial energy, time and
angular distributions of particles emitted in radioactive decays of nuclides
and nuclear (atomic) deexcitations. Data for description of nuclear and atomic
decay schemes are taken from the ENSDF and EADL database libraries. The
examples of use of the DECAY4 code in several underground experiments are
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127723 </DOCNO>
PINOCCHIO: pinpointing orbit-crossing collapsed hierarchical objects in


  PINOCCHIO (PINpointing Orbit-Crossing Collapsed Hierarchical Objects) is a
new algorithm for identifying dark matter halos in a given numerical
realisation of the linear density field in a hierarchical universe (Monaco et
al. 2001). It is shown that Lagrangian perturbation theory, and in particular
its ellipsoidal truncation, is able to predict accurately the collapse, in the
orbit-crossing sense, of generic mass elements. Some points that have undergone
orbit crossing are assigned to the network of filaments and sheets that
connects the halos; it is demonstrated that this network resembles closely that
found in N-body simulations. The code generates a catalogue of dark matter
halos with known mass, position, velocity, merging history and angular
momentum. It is shown that the predictions of the code are very accurate when
compared with the results of large N-body simulations that cover a range of
cosmological models, box sizes and numerical resolutions. The mass function is
recovered with an accuracy of better than 10 per cent in number density for
halos with at least 30-50 particles. A similar accuracy is reached in the
estimate of the correlation length r_0. The good agreement is still valid on
the object-by-object level, with 70-100 per cent of the objects with more than
50 particles in the simulations also identified by our algorithm. For these
objects the masses are recovered with an error of 20-40 per cent, and positions
and velocities with a root mean square error of ~1-2 Mpc (0.5-2 grid lengths)
and ~100 km/s, respectively. The recovery of the angular momentum of halos is
considerably noisier and accuracy at the statistical level is achieved only by
introducing free parameters. The algorithm requires negligible computer time as
compared with performing a numerical $N$-body simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86973 </DOCNO>
Global Prescribed Mean Curvature foliations in cosmological spacetimes


  This work investigates some global questions about cosmological spacetimes
with two dimensional spherical, plane and hyperbolic symmetry containing
matter. The result is, that these spacetimes admit a global foliation by
prescribed mean curvature surfaces, which extends at least towards a crushing
singularity. The time function of the foliation is geometrically defined and
unique up to the choice of an initial Cauchy surface.
  This work generalizes a similar analysis on constant mean curvature
foliations and avoids the topological obstructions arising from the existence
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81358 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Lattice and Its Application to Quark Gluon Plasma


  We have studied the link-integration method for the improved actions. With
this method the $\eta$ parameter in the medium to strong coupling regions is
obtained. Effects of the self-energy terms for the $\eta$ parameters are small
in the regions of $\beta$ and $\eta$ studied. After these investigations, the
anisotropic lattice is used for the calculation of transport coefficients of
the quark gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74575 </DOCNO>
Precision measurements, extra quark-lepton generations and 50 GeV


  The existence of extra chiral generations with all fermions heavier than
$m_Z$ is strongly disfavored by the precision electroweak data. However the
data still allow a few extra generations if the neutral leptons have masses
close to 50 GeV. Such heavy neutrino can be searched in the reaction $e^+ e^-
\to N\bar{N}\gamma$. Existence of 50 GeV neutrinos makes standard model Higgs
boson invisible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73421 </DOCNO>
The Nystrom plus Correction Method for Solving Bound State Equations in


  A new method is presented for solving the momentum-space Schrodinger equation
with a linear potential. The Lande-subtracted momentum space integral equation
can be transformed into a matrix equation by the Nystrom method. The method
produces only approximate eigenvalues in the cases of singular potentials such
as the linear potential. The eigenvalues generated by the Nystrom method can be
improved by calculating the numerical errors and adding the appropriate
corrections. The end results are more accurate eigenvalues than those generated
by the basis function method. The method is also shown to work for a
relativistic equation such as the Thompson equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2356 </DOCNO>
Magnetic order in the Ising model with parallel dynamics


  It is discussed how the equilibrium properties of the Ising model are
described by an Hamiltonian with an antiferromagnetic low temperature behavior
if only an heat bath dynamics, with the characteristics of a Probabilistic
Cellular Automaton, is assumed to determine the temporal evolution of the
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3237 </DOCNO>
Electron correlations in a partially filled first excited Landau level


  The form of electron correlations in a partially filled degenerate Landau
level (LL) is related to the behavior of the anharmonic part of the interaction
pseudopotential. Unlike in the lowest LL, the pseudopotential in the first
excited LL is harmonic at short range. As a result, the incompressible states
in this LL have different correlations, occur at different filling factors nu,
and cannot be described by a composite fermion model. The series of
Laughlin-correlated states of electron pairs is proposed at nu=2+2/(q_2+2) with
integer q_2. It includes Moore-Read nu=5/2 state and the nu=7/3 state. Despite
coincidence of the values of nu, the latter state has different correlations
than Laughlin state of single electrons at nu=1/3 and, in finite systems,
occurs at a different LL degeneracy (flux).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150007 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Principal Chiral Models


  Twisted Eguchi-Kawai reduced chiral models are shown to be formally
equivalent to a U(1) noncommutative parent theory. To make contact with the
continuum noncommutative theory, a double scaling large $N$ limit for the
reduced model is required. We show a possible limiting procedure, which we
propose to investigate numerically. We also include some preliminary numerical
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2189 </DOCNO>
Two-point correlation functions of the diffusion-limited annihilation in


  Two-point density-density correlation functions for the diffusive binary
reaction system $A+A\to\emptyset$ are obtained in one dimension via Monte Carlo
simulation. The long-time behavior of these correlation functions clearly
deviates from that of a recent analytical prediction of Bares and Mobilia
[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83}, 5214 (1999)]. An alternative expression for the
asymptotic behavior is conjectured from numerical data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149229 </DOCNO>
Deformation Quantization of sdiff($\Sigma_{2}$) SDYM Equation


  Deformation quantization (the Moyal deformation) of SDYM equation for the
algebra of the area preserving diffeomorphisms of a 2-surface $\Sigma_{2}$,
sdiff($\Sigma_{2}$), is studied. Deformed equation we call the master equation
(ME) as it can be reduced to many integrable nonlinear equations in
mathematical physics. Two sets of concerved charges for ME are found. Then the
linear systems for ME (the Lax pairs) associated with the conserved charges are
given. We obtain the dressing operators and the infinite algebra of hidden
symmetries of ME. Twistor construction is also done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85674 </DOCNO>
Exact Solutions of Einstein Equations


  We use a metric of the type Friedmann-Robertson-Walker to obtain new exact
solutions of Einstein equations for a scalar and massive field. The solutions
have a permanent or transitory inflationary behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125543 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Emission from HBLs and LBLs


  The Synchrotron Proton Blazar model is a promising model to explain high
energy emission from gamma-ray loud BL Lac objects like Mkn 421. In contrast to
leptonic models, the hadronic explanation of gamma-ray emission predicts
ultrahigh energy neutrinos.
  The predicted neutrino spectra from a typical High-energy cutoff BL Lac
Object (HBL) and a Low-energy cutoff BL Lac Object (LBL) are presented. We find
that cooling due to muon synchrotron radiation causes a cutoff of the neutrino
spectrum at $\sim 10^{18}$ eV, with the exception of $\nu_\mu$ from kaon decay
which may extend to higher energies if meson production takes place in the
secondary resonance region of the cross section.
  The impact of the neutrino output from both source populations to the diffuse
neutrino background is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74951 </DOCNO>
Is the up-quark massless?


  We report on determinations of the low-energy constants alpha5 and alpha8 in
the effective chiral Lagrangian at O(p^4), using lattice simulations with N_f=2
flavours of dynamical quarks. Precise knowledge of these constants is required
to test the hypothesis whether or not the up-quark is massless. Our results are
obtained by studying the quark mass dependence of suitably defined ratios of
pseudoscalar meson masses and matrix elements. Although comparisons with an
earlier study in the quenched approximation reveal small qualitative
differences in the quark mass behaviour, numerical estimates for alpha5 and
alpha8 show only a weak dependence on the number of dynamical quark flavours.
Our results disfavour the possibility of a massless up-quark, provided that the
quark mass dependence in the physical three-flavour case is not fundamentally
different from the two-flavour case studied here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85678 </DOCNO>
Bubbles created from vacuum fluctuation


  We show that the bubbles $S^2\times S^2$can be created from vacuum
fluctuation in certain De Sitter universe, so the space-time foam-like
structure might really be constructed from bubbles of $S^2\times S^2$ in the
very early inflating phase of our universe. But whether such foam-like
structure persisted during the later evolution of the universe is a problem
unsolved now.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129434 </DOCNO>
Determination of masses and other properties of extra-solar planetary


  Recent analysis of the Doppler shift oscillations of the light from
extra-solar planetary systems indicate that some of these systems have more
than one large planet. In this case it has been shown that the masses of these
planets can be determined without the familiar ambiguity due to the unknown
inclination angle of the plane of the orbit of the central star provided,
however, that its mass is known. A method is presented here which determines
also a lower limit to the mass of this star from these observations. As an
illustration, our method is applied to the Keck and Lick data for GJ876.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73247 </DOCNO>
Analysis of SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X local gauge theory


  Six different models, straightforward extensions of the standard model to
SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X, which do not contain particles with exotic electric
charges are described. Two of the models are one family and four are three
family models. In two of the three family models one of the families transforms
different from the others, and in the other two all the three families are
different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4012 </DOCNO>
Application a-Si:H and Its Alloys for Photoreceptor Devices


  Photoreceptor devices have been fabricated for positive corona with
multi-layer structure of glass/ZnO /i-a-SiC:H /i-a-Si:H /p-a-SiC:H /Al type by
using dual chamber plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system.
10% Silane (SiH4) and diborane (B2H6) gases diluted in hydrogen (H2) and 100%
methane (CH4) gas were used as gas source. As the top passivation layer, the
i-type a-SiC:H with optical band-gap of 2.93 eV was used. This highest optical
band-gap was selected to allow more illumination through the photo-conductive
layer. The i-type a-Si:H which has optical band-gap of 1.78 eV was used as the
photo-conductive layer. The conductivity of p-type a-SiC:H films was also
measured. The p-type a-SiC:H film with the lowest dark conductivity was then
used as the bottom blocking layer to prevent charge injection from
photo-conductive layer to the conductive electrode. The surface voltage
characteristic of the device was also investigated. It decays as a function of
time, with the maximum surface voltage applied is 120 volts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124324 </DOCNO>
Spectral and temporal properties of X-ray emission from the


  We have analysed the spectra and the variability of individual X-ray sources
in the M-81 field using data from the available ROSAT-PSPC and ROSAT-HRI
observations of this nearby spiral galaxy. Here we present the results on the
second brightest source in the field (X-9 - Fabbiano, 1988 ApJ 325 544), whose
identification and interpretation is still unclear. Our work includes the study
of the shape of X-9 from HRI data, the light curve and hardness ratio
evolution, and the spectral analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148879 </DOCNO>
Alternative N=2 Supergravity in Singular Five Dimensions with


  We present an extended study of our previous work on an alternative
five-dimensional N=2 supergravity theory that has a single antisymmetric tensor
and a dilaton as a part of supergravity multiplet. The new fields are natural
Neveu-Schwarz massless fields in superstring theory. Our total matter
multiplets include n copies of vector multiplets forming the sigma-model coset
space SO(n,1) / SO(n), and n' copies of hypermultiplets forming the
quaternionic K\"ahler manifold Sp(n',1) / Sp(n') X Sp(1). We complete the
couplings of matter multiplets to supergravity with the gauged group of the
type SO(2) X Sp(n') X Sp(1) X H X [ U(1) ]^{n-p+1} for an arbitrary gauge group
H with p = dim H + 1, and the isotropy group Sp(n') X Sp(1) of the coset
Sp(n',1) / Sp(n') X Sp(1) formed by the hypermultiplets. We also describe the
generalization to singular 5D space-time as in the conventional formulation

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83678 </DOCNO>
A Constraint-Driven System for Contract Assembly


  We present an approach for modelling the structure and coarse content of
legal documents with a view to providing automated support for the drafting of
contracts and contract database retrieval. The approach is designed to be
applicable where contract drafting is based on model-form contracts or on
existing examples of a similar type. The main features of the approach are: (1)
the representation addresses the structure and the interrelationships between
the constituent parts of contracts, but not the text of the document itself;
(2) the representation of documents is separated from the mechanisms that
manipulate it; and (3) the drafting process is subject to a collection of
explicitly stated constraints that govern the structure of the documents. We
describe the representation of document instances and of 'generic documents',
which are data structures used to drive the creation of new document instances,
and we show extracts from a sample session to illustrate the features of a
prototype system implemented in MacProlog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1494 </DOCNO>
Fractional Langevin equation


  We investigate fractional Brownian motion with a microscopic random-matrix
model and introduce a fractional Langevin equation. We use the latter to study
both sub- and superdiffusion of a free particle coupled to a fractal heat bath.
We further compare fractional Brownian motion with the fractal time process.
The respective mean-square displacements of these two forms of anomalous
diffusion exhibit the same power-law behavior. Here we show that their lowest
moments are actually all identical, except the second moment of the velocity.
This provides a simple criterion which enables to distinguish these two
non-Markovian processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97201 </DOCNO>
Projective Schur functions as a bispherical functions on certain


  I show that the projective Schur functions may be interpreted as bispherical
functions of either the triple (q(n),gl(n,n),q(n)), where q(n) is the "odd"
(queer) analog of the general liner Lie algebra, or the triple
(p(n),gl(n,n),p(n)), where p(n) is the periplectic Lie superalgebra which
preserves the nondegenerate odd, bilinear form (either symmetric or skew
symmetric). Making use of this interpretation I characterize projective Schur
functions as common eigenfunctions of an algebra differential operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128496 </DOCNO>
A calorimetric test for Kerr black holes in gamma-ray bursts


  Cosmological gamma-ray bursts are potentially associated with systems
harboring a black rotating black hole. Calorimetry on yet "unseen" emissions in
gravitational waves from a surrounding torus may provide a measure for its
rotational energy. We introduce a compactness parameter $\alpha=2\pi\int fdE$
for the fluence $E$ and frequency $f$ in gravitational waves. For black
hole-torus systems, $\alpha\simeq 2\pi Ef\simeq 0.005-0.05$ may exceed the
upper bound $\alpha^*\simeq 0.005$ for rapidly rotating neutron stars. A
duration in gravitational radiation consistent with the redshift corrected
durations of the BATSE catalogue defines an association with long GRBs. This
promises a new test for Kerr black holes as objects in Nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96718 </DOCNO>
Morse theory on spaces of braids and Lagrangian dynamics


  In the first half of the paper we construct a Morse-type theory on certain
spaces of braid diagrams. We define a topological invariant of closed positive
braids which is correlated with the existence of invariant sets of {\it
parabolic flows} defined on discretized braid spaces. Parabolic flows, a type
of one-dimensional lattice dynamics, evolve singular braid diagrams in such a
way as to decrease their topological complexity; algebraic lengths decrease
monotonically. This topological invariant is derived from a Morse-Conley
homotopy index and provides a gloablization of `lap number' techniques used in
scalar parabolic PDEs.
  In the second half of the paper we apply this technology to second order
Lagrangians via a discrete formulation of the variational problem. This
culminates in a very general forcing theorem for the existence of infinitely
many braid classes of closed orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5125 </DOCNO>
Mechanisms for Non-Trivial Magnetization Plateaux of an S=1 Frustrated


  We investigate the non-trivial magnetization plateau at 1/4 of the saturation
magnetization of S=1 spin ladder, especially with reference to recent
experimental results on a new organic tetraradical
3,3',5,5'-tetrakis(N-tert-butylaminoxyl)biphenyl, abbreviated as BIP-TENO. We
propose three mechanisms for the formation of the plateau; the Neel mechanism,
the dimer mechanism and the spin-Peierls mechanism. We also discuss the effect
of four-spin exchange interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6069 </DOCNO>
Gross-Pitaevskii Model for Nonzero Temperature Bose-Einstein Condensates


  Momentum distributions and temporal power spectra of nonzero temperature
Bose-Einstein condensates are calculated using a Gross-Pitaevskii model. The
distributions are obtained for micro-canonical ensembles (conservative
Gross-Pitaevskii equation) and for grand-canonical ensembles (Gross-Pitaevskii
equation with fluctuations and dissipation terms). Use is made of an
equivalence between statistics of the solutions of conservative
Gross-Pitaevskii and dissipative complex Ginzburg-Landau equations. In all
cases the occupation numbers of modes follow a k^(-2) dependence, which
corresponds in the long wavelength limit (k->0) to Bose-Einstein distributions.
The temporal power spectra are of f^(-a) form, where: a=2-D/2 with D the
dimension of space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113697 </DOCNO>
The Olbers Conjecture, Revisited


  The Olbers conjecture, that under reasonable assumptions, light from the
stars should sum at the Earth to make the sky bright at night, has been a
subject of study since the early 19th century. It has been incorporated into
some of modern cosmology. To complement Olbers's conjecture, we suggest a new
calculation modelled as a projecture in the form of an imaginary star probe. We
also give yet another proof of Olbers's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113793 </DOCNO>
Diffraction on a polycrystal for investigations and diagnostics of X-ray


  It is shown that the diffraction on a polycrystal can be used for
investigation and diagnostics of X-ray radiation emitted in a forward direction
by relativistic charged particles moving in crystalline or other targets or
fields. Methods for measuring radiation spectral density, divergence, and
linear polarization at any requisite energy from a few units to tens of keV are
proposed. The explanation for the origination of experimentally observed and
earlier unidentified spectral peaks as a result of Bragg diffraction on a
polycrystal is described. The experiment for verification of the explanation is
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95536 </DOCNO>
On an estimate for the wave equation and applications to nonlinear


  We prove estimates for solutions of the Cauchy problem for the inhomogeneous
wave equation on $\R^{1+n}$ in a class of Banach spaces whose norms only depend
on the size of the space-time Fourier transform. The estimates are local in
time, and this allows one, essentially, to replace the symbol of the wave
operator, which vanishes on the light cone in Fourier space, with an
inhomogeneous symbol, which can be inverted. Our result improves earlier
estimates of this type proved by Klainerman-Machedon. As a corollary, one
obtains a rather general result concerning local well-posedness of nonlinear
wave equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168431 </DOCNO>
An NMR Analog of the Quantum Disentanglement Eraser


  We report the implementation of a three-spin quantum disentanglement eraser
on a liquid-state NMR quantum information processor. A key feature of this
experiment was its use of pulsed magnetic field gradients to mimic projective
measurements. This ability is an important step towards the development of an
experimentally controllable system which can simulate any quantum dynamics,
both coherent and decoherent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169226 </DOCNO>
On the concepts of radial and angular kinetic energies


  We consider a general central-field system in D dimensions and show that the
division of the kinetic energy into radial and angular parts proceeds
differently in the wavefunction picture and the Weyl-Wigner phase-space
picture. Thus, the radial and angular kinetic energies are different quantities
in the two pictures, containing different physical information, but the
relation between them is well defined. We discuss this relation and illustrate
its nature by examples referring to a free particle and to a ground-state
hydrogen atom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126544 </DOCNO>
Variable Stars in the Unusual, Metal-Rich Globular Cluster NGC 6441


  We have undertaken a search for variable stars in the metal-rich globular
cluster NGC 6441 using time-series BV photometry. The total number of variables
found near NGC 6441 has been increased to ~104, with 48 new variables being
found in this survey. A significant number of the variables are RR Lyrae stars
(~46), most of which are probable cluster members. As was noted by Layden et
al. (1999), the periods of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae are unusually long
compared to field stars of similar metallicity. The existence of these long
period RRab stars is consistent with Sweigart & Catelan's (1998) prediction
that the horizontal branch of NGC 6441 is unusually bright. This result implies
that the metallicity-luminosity relationship for RR Lyrae stars is not
universal. We discuss the difficulty in determining the Oosterhoff
classification of NGC 6441 due to the unusual nature of its RR Lyrae. A number
of ab-type RR Lyrae are found to be both brighter and redder than the other
probable RRab found along the horizontal branch, which may be a result of
blending with stars of redder color. A smaller than usual gap is found between
the shortest period fundamental mode and longest period first-overtone mode RR
Lyrae. We determine the reddening of the cluster to be E(B-V)=0.51+/-0.02 mag,
with substantial differential reddening across the face of the cluster. The
mean V magnitude of the RR Lyrae is found to be 17.51+/-0.02 mag resulting in a
distance of 10.4 to 11.9 kpc, for a range of assumed values of <M_V> for RR
Lyrae stars. The possibility that stars in NGC 6441 may span a range in [Fe/H]
is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6480 </DOCNO>
Topologically protected quantum bits from Josephson junction arrays


  All physical implementations of quantum bits (qubits), carrying the
information and computation in a putative quantum computer, have to meet the
conflicting requirements of environmental decoupling while remaining
manipulable through designed external signals. Proposals based on quantum
optics naturally emphasize the aspect of optimal isolation, while those
following the solid state route exploit the variability and scalability of
modern nanoscale fabrication techniques. Recently, various designs using
superconducting structures have been successfully tested for quantum coherent
operation, however, the ultimate goal of reaching coherent evolution over
thousands of elementary operations remains a formidable task. Protecting qubits
from decoherence by exploiting topological stability, a qualitatively new
proposal due to Kitaev, holds the promise for long decoherence times, but its
practical physical implementation has remained unclear so far. Here, we show
how strongly correlated systems developing an isolated two-fold degenerate
quantum dimer liquid groundstate can be used in the construction of
topologically stable qubits and discuss their implementation using Josephson
junction arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124884 </DOCNO>
On the absorption feature in the prompt X-ray spectrum of GRB 990705


  The absorption feature detected in the prompt X-ray emission of GRB 990705
bears important consequences. We investigate different production mechanisms
and we conclude that the absorbing material cannot be very close to the burster
and is likely to be moderately clumped. These properties challenge any model in
which the burst explodes in coincidence with the core-collapse of a massive
rotating star. We show that the straightforward interpretation of the
absorption feature as a photoionization K edge of neutral iron faces a severe
problem in that it requires a huge amount of iron in the close vicinity of the
burster. We then discuss an alternative scenario, in which iron ions are kept
in a high ionization state by the burst flux, and the absorption feature is
produced by resonant scattering from hydrogen-like iron, broadened by a range
outflow velocities. In this case the physical conditions and geometry of the
absorbing material are fully consistent with the presence of a young supernova
remnant surrounding the burst site at a radius R ~ 10^{16} cm. We finally
discuss how this remnant might affect the generation of afterglows with a
standard power-law flux decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74751 </DOCNO>
On the longitudinal contributions to hadronic tau decay


  A number of recent determinations of $m_s$ using hadronic $\tau$ decay data
involve inclusive analyses based on the so-called $(k,0)$ spectral weights. We
show here that the OPE representations of the longitudinal contributions
appearing in these analyses, which are already known to be poorly converging,
have in addition an unphysical $k$ dependence which produces a significant
unphysical decrease in $m_s$ with increasing $k$. We also show how, using
additional sum rule constraints, the decay constants of the excited resonances
in the strange scalar and pseudoscalar channels may be determined, allowing one
to evaluate the longitudinal spectral contributions to the $(k,0)$ sum rules.
Taking into account the very-accurately known $\pi$ and $K$ pole contributions,
we find that longitudinal contributions can be determined with an accuracy at
the few % level, and hence reliably subtracted, leaving an analysis for $m_s$
involving the sum of longitudinal and transverse contributions, for which the
OPE representation is much better converged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83789 </DOCNO>
Computational Geometry Column 42


  A compendium of thirty previously published open problems in computational
geometry is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75942 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Radiative Corrections at High Energies


  For energies far above the electroweak scale, large electroweak radiative
corrections occur that grow logarithmically with energy and can easily reach
several tens of per cent in the TeV range. Recent work on these corrections is
reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168588 </DOCNO>
Bell inequalities for arbitrarily high dimensional systems


  We develop a novel approach to Bell inequalities based on a constraint that
the correlations exhibited by local realistic theories must satisfy. This is
used to construct a family of Bell inequalities for bipartite quantum systems
of arbitrarily high dimensionality which are strongly resistant to noise. In
particular our work gives an analytic description of numerical results of D.
Kaszlikowski, P. Gnacinski, M. Zukowski, W. Miklaszewski, A. Zeilinger, Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 4418 (2000) and T. Durt, D. Kaszlikowski, M. Zukowski,
quant-ph/0101084, and generalises them to arbitrarily high dimensionality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128134 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray Emission from an Outer-Gap Accelerator: Constraints on


  We investigate a stationary pair production cascade in the outer
magnetosphere of a spinning neutron star. The charge depletion due to global
flows of charged particles, causes a large electric field along the magnetic
field lines. Migratory electrons and/or positrons are accelerated by this field
to radiate curvature gamma-rays, some of which collide with the X-rays to
materialize as pairs in the gap. The replenished charges partially screen the
electric field, which is self-consistently solved, together with the
distribution functions of particles and gamma-rays. By solving the Vlasov
equations describing this pair production cascade, we demonstrate the existence
of a stationary gap in the outer magnetosphere of PSR B1055-52 for a wide range
of current densities flowing in the accelerator: From sub to super
Goldreich-Julian values. However, we find that the expected GeV spectrum
becomes very soft if the current density exceeds the Goldreich-Julian value. We
also demonstrate that the GeV spectrum softens with decreasing magnetic
inclination and with increasing distance to this pulsar. We thus conclude that
a sub-Goldreich-Julian current, a large magnetic inclination, and a small
distance (500 pc, say) are plausible to account for EGRET observations.
Furthermore, it is found that the TeV flux due to inverse Compton scatterings
of infrared photons whose spectrum is inferred from the Rayleigh-Jeans side of
the soft blackbody spectrum is much less than the observational upper limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126034 </DOCNO>
Towards One Tonne Direct WIMP Detectors: Have we got what it takes?


  Experimentally have we got what it takes to pursue the direct observation of
WIMP interactions down to sensitivities of a few events /100 kg/year? For a Ge
target with a low energy threshold (<20 keVr) this corresponds to a
WIMP-nucleon sigma~10^-46 cm^2. A number of recent theoretical papers, making
calculations in SUSY-based frameworks, show many (>5) orders of magnitude
spread in the possible interaction rates for models consistent with existing
Cosmology and Accelerator bounds. Some theorists, but certainly not all, are
able to generate models, that lead to interaction rates at the few /kg/day that
would be implied by the current DAMA annual modulation signal. All theorists
demonstrate models that generate much lower interaction rates. This paper takes
an unashamed experimentalist`s view of the issues that arise when looking
forward to constructing 1 tonne WIMP detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72868 </DOCNO>
The Pure Leptonic Decays of $D_s$ Meson and Their Radiative Corrections


  The radiative corrections to the pure leptonic decay $D_s{\longrightarrow}
{\ell}{{\nu}}_{\ell}$ up-to one-loop order is presented. We find the virtual
photon loop corrections to $D_s{\longrightarrow} {\tau}{{\nu}}_{\tau}$ is
negative and the corresponding branching ratio is larger than $3.51\times
10^{-3}$. Considering the possible experimental resolutions, our prediction of
the radiative decay $D_s{\longrightarrow} {\tau}{{\nu}}_{\tau}\gamma$ is not so
large as others, and the best channel to determine the $V_{cs}$ or $f_{D_s}$ is
$D_s{\longrightarrow} {\mu}{{\nu}}_{\mu}{\gamma}$. How to cancel the infrared
divergences appearing in the loop calculations, and the radiative decay
$D_s{\longrightarrow} {\ell}{{\nu}}_{\ell}{\gamma}$ is shown precisely. It is
emphasized that the radiative decay may be separated properly and may compare
with measurements directly as long as the theoretical `softness' of the photon
corresponds to the experimental resolutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148019 </DOCNO>
The Principles of Gauging


  The aim of this paper is twofold: First, to present an examination of the
principles underlying gauge field theories. I shall argue that there are two
principles directly connected to the two well-known theorems of Emmy Noether
concerning global and local symmetries of the free matter-field Lagrangian, in
the following referred to as "conservation principle" and "gauge principle".
Since both these express nothing but certain symmetry features of the free
field theory, they are not sufficient to derive a true interaction coupling to
a new gauge field. For this purpose it is necessary to advocate a third, truly
empirical principle which may be understood as a generalization of the
equivalence principle. The second task of the paper is to deal with the
ontological question concerning the reality status of gauge potentials in the
light of the proposed logical structure of gauge theories. A nonlocal
interpretation of topological effects in gauge theories and, thus, the
non-reality of gauge potentials in accordance with the generalized equivalence
principle will be favoured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96510 </DOCNO>
A cheap Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality for Navier-Stokes equations


  We prove that for the Navier Stokes equation with dissipation
$(-\Delta)^{\alpha}$, where $1<\alpha<{5/4}$, and smooth initial data, the
Hausdorff dimension of the singular set at time of first blow up is at most
$5-4\alpha$. This unifies two directions from which one might approach the Clay
prize problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5887 </DOCNO>
The Glass-like Universe: Real-space correlation properties of standard


  After reviewing the basic relevant properties of stationary stochastic
processes (SSP), defining basic terms and quantities, we discuss the properties
of the so-called Harrison-Zeldovich like spectra. These correlations, usually
characterized exclusively in k-space (i.e. in terms of power spectra P(k)), are
a fundamental feature of all current standard cosmological models. Examining
them in real space we note their characteristics to be a {\it negative} power
law tail \xi(r) \sim - r^{-4} and a {\it sub-poissonian} normalised variance in
spheres \sigma^2(R) \sim R^{-4} \ln R. We note in particular that this latter
behaviour is at the limit of the most rapid decay (\sim R^{-4}) of this
quantity possible for any stochastic distribution (continuous or discrete).
This very particular characteristic is usually obscured in cosmology by the use
of Gaussian spheres. In a simple classification of all SSP into three
categories, we highlight with the name ``super-homogeneous'' the properties of
the class to which models like this, with P(0)=0, belong. In statistical
physics language they are well described as glass-like. They do not have either
``scale-invariant'' features, in the sense of critical phenomena, nor fractal
properties. We illustrate their properties with some simple examples, in
particular that of a ``shuffled'' lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126626 </DOCNO>
A Perturbed Tri-Polytropic Model of the Sun


  Based on the Solar Standard Model SSM of Bahcall and Pinsonneault
(SSM-BP2000) we developed a solar model in hydrostatic equilibrium using three
polytropes, each one associated to the nuclear, the radiative and the
convective regions of the solar interior. Then, we apply small periodic and
adiabatic perturbations on this tri-polytropic model in order to obtain proper
frequencies and proper functions which are in the p-modes range of low order
0<l<5; for l=2,3 and 4 these values agrees with GOLF observational data within
a few percent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5987 </DOCNO>
What is wrong with paramagnons?


  Systems with itinerant fermions close to a zero temperature quantum phase
transition like the high temperature superconductors exhibit unusual non-Fermi
liquid properties. The interaction of the long-range and low-energy
fluctuations of the incipient order with the fermions modify the dynamical
properties of the fermions strongly by inducing effective long-range
interactions. Close to the transition the interaction of the order parameter
fluctuations becomes important. In this paper we discuss the physics of the
non-Gaussian order parameter fluctuations on the electronic spectrum and
illustrate their effect by considering the charge-density-wave transition and
the phase fluctuations in a two-dimensional d-wave superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 495 </DOCNO>
A Unifying Hypothesis for the Conformational Change of Tubulin


  Microtubule dynamic instability arises from the hydrolysis of GTP bound to
the beta-monomer of the tubulin dimer. The conformational change induced by
hydrolysis is unknown, but microtubules disassemble into protofilaments of
GDP-bound tubulin that curve away from the microtubule axis. This paper
presents the unfolding of a portion of the tubulin molecule into the
microtubule interior as a plausible, unifying explanation for diverse
structural and kinetic features of microtubules. This is the first specific
structural hypothesis for the hydrolysis induced conformational change of
tubulin that simultaneously explains weakening of lateral bonds, bending about
longitudinal bonds, changes in protofilament supertwist associated with GTP
hydrolysis, structural features of GDP-tubulin double rings, faster disassembly
at higher temperatures and slower disassembly in the presence of glycerol and
deuterium oxide. The hypothesis suggests further theoretical investigations and
direct experimental tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96441 </DOCNO>
Isometries between weighted uniform spaces


  The linear isometries between weighted Banach spaces of continuous functions
are considered. Some of well known theorems on isometries between spaces of
continuous functions are proved and stated, but all they are in an appropriate
form. In this paper, we present some new results, too, and results that extend
some of our PhD(1993year) disertation theorems. We hope this letter will be
useful for obtaining some email friendships.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5909 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Magnetization Reversal in Models of Magnetic Nanoparticles


  We discuss numerical and theoretical results for models of magnetization
switching in nanoparticles and ultrathin films. The models and computational
methods include kinetic Ising and classical Heisenberg models of highly
anisotropic magnets which are simulated by dynamic Monte Carlo methods, and
micromagnetics models of continuum-spin systems that are studied by
finite-temperature Langevin simulations. The theoretical analysis builds on the
fact that a magnetic particle or film that is magnetized in a direction
antiparallel to the applied field is in a metastable state. Nucleation theory
is therefore used to analyze magnetization reversal as the decay of this
metastable phase to equilibrium. We present numerical results on magnetization
reversal in models of nanoparticles and films, and on hysteresis in magnets
driven by oscillating external fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86157 </DOCNO>
The Lazarus project: A pragmatic approach to binary black hole


  We present a detailed description of techniques developed to combine 3D
numerical simulations and, subsequently, a single black hole close-limit
approximation. This method has made it possible to compute the first complete
waveforms covering the post-orbital dynamics of a binary black hole system with
the numerical simulation covering the essential non-linear interaction before
the close limit becomes applicable for the late time dynamics. To determine
when close-limit perturbation theory is applicable we apply a combination of
invariant a priori estimates and a posteriori consistency checks of the
robustness of our results against exchange of linear and non-linear treatments
near the interface. Once the numerically modeled binary system reaches a regime
that can be treated as perturbations of the Kerr spacetime, we must
approximately relate the numerical coordinates to the perturbative background
coordinates. We also perform a rotation of a numerically defined tetrad to
asymptotically reproduce the tetrad required in the perturbative treatment. We
can then produce numerical Cauchy data for the close-limit evolution in the
form of the Weyl scalar $\psi_4$ and its time derivative $\partial_t\psi_4$
with both objects being first order coordinate and tetrad invariant. The
Teukolsky equation in Boyer-Lindquist coordinates is adopted to further
continue the evolution. To illustrate the application of these techniques we
evolve a single Kerr hole and compute the spurious radiation as a measure of
the error of the whole procedure. We also briefly discuss the extension of the
project to make use of improved full numerical evolutions and outline the
approach to a full understanding of astrophysical black hole binary systems
which we can now pursue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99229 </DOCNO>
Specializing Aronszajn trees by countable approximations


  We show that there are proper forcings based upon countable trees of
creatures that specialize a given Aronszajn tree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1786 </DOCNO>
Cooper pairs as resonances


  Using the Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation, Cooper pairing can be generalized to
include contributions from holes as well as particles from the ground state of
either an ideal Fermi gas (IFG) or of a BCS many-fermion state. The BCS model
interfermion interaction is employed throughout. In contrast to the
better-known original Cooper pair problem for either two particles or two
holes, the generalized Cooper equation in the IFG case has no real-energy
solutions. Rather, it possesses two complex-conjugate solutions with purely
imaginary energies. This implies that the IFG ground state is unstable when an
attractive interaction is switched on. However, solving the BS equation for the
BCS ground state reveals two types of {\it real} solutions: one describing
moving (i.e., having nonzero total, or center-of-mass, momenta) Cooper pairs as
resonances (or bound composite particles with a {\it finite} lifetime), and
another exhibiting superconducting collective excitations sometimes known as
Anderson-Bogoliubov-Higgs (ABH) modes. A Bose-Einstein-condensation-based
picture of superconductivity is addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83930 </DOCNO>
The Increased Need For FCC Merger Review In A Networked World


  Recently, the FCC announced a new standard for review in mergers. Under the
new standard, mass media mergers that comply with existing rules will
automaticly receive approval, while those that do not will receive a more
searching review. Common carrier mergers, however, will continue to receive the
4=part test established in Bell Atlantic/Nynex. The new standard fails to take
into account the complexities of the emerging, converged networked world, and
is essentially obsolete on arrival. Looking to those areas where Congress has
required an additional public interest review of mergers, a pattern emerges.
The emergence of vast, vertically integrated networks of content and conduit
fit the historic pattern of areas requiring piublic interest review and
re-enforce the need for increased, rather than decreased merger review.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72343 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics


  The study of high energy cosmic rays is a diversified field of observational
and phenomenological physics addressing questions ranging from shock
acceleration of charged particles in various astrophysical objects, via
transport properties through galactic and extragalactic space, to questions of
dark matter, and even to those of particle physics beyond the Standard Model
including processes taking place in the earliest moments of our Universe. After
decades of mostly independent evolution of nuclear-, particle- and high energy
cosmic ray physics we find ourselves entering a symbiotic era of these fields
of research. Some examples of interrelations will be given from the perspective
of modern Particle-Astrophysics and new major experiments will briefly be
sketched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126917 </DOCNO>
M33: A Galaxy with No Supermassive Black Hole


  Galaxies that contain bulges appear to contain central black holes whose
masses correlate with the velocity dispersion of the bulge. We show that no
corresponding relationship applies in the pure disk galaxy M33. Three-integral
dynamical models fit Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 photometry and STIS
spectroscopy best if the central black hole mass is zero. The upper limit is
1500 M_sun. This is significantly below the mass expected from the velocity
dispersion of the nucleus and far below any mass predicted from the disk
kinematics. Our results suggest that supermassive black holes are associated
only with galaxy bulges and not with their disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97185 </DOCNO>
Coding rotations on intervals


  We show that the coding of rotation by $\alpha$ on $m$ intervals with
rationally independent lengths can be recoded over $m$ Sturmian words of angle
$\alpha.$
  More precisely, for a given $m$ an universal automaton is constructed such
that the edge indexed by the vector of values of the $i$th letter on each
Sturmian word gives the value of the $i$th letter of the coding of rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129152 </DOCNO>
The production of proton and lepton fluxes in near Earth orbit


  Substantial fluxes of protons and leptons with energies below the geomagnetic
cutoff have been measured by the AMS experiment at altitudes of 370-390 Km, in
the latitude interval +/- 51.7 degrees. The production mechanisms of the
observed trapped fluxes are investigated in detail by means of the FLUKA Monte
Carlo simulation code. All known processes involved in the interaction of the
cosmic rays with the atmosphere (detailed descriptions of the magnetic field
and atmospheric density, as well as the electromagnetic and nuclear interaction
processes) are included in the simulation. The results are presented and
compared with the experimental data, indicating good agreement with the
observed fluxes. The impact of secondary proton flux on particle production in
atmosphere is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5722 </DOCNO>
Transients due to instabilities hinder Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling: a


  We propose a unified moving boundary problem for surface growth by
electrochemical and chemical vapor deposition, which is derived from
constitutive equations into which stochastic forces are incorporated. We
compute the coefficients in the interface equation of motion as functions of
phenomenological parameters. The equation features the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang
(KPZ) non-linearity and instabilities which, depending on surface kinetics, can
hinder the asymptotic KPZ scaling. Our results account for the universality and
the experimental scarcity of KPZ scaling in the growth processes considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98565 </DOCNO>
Comments on the Deformed W_N Algebra


  We obtain an explicit expression for the defining relation of the deformed
W_N algebra, DWA(^sl_N)_{q,t}. Using this expression we can show that, in the
q-->1 limit, DWA(^sl_N)_{q,t} with t=e^{-2\pi i/N}q^{(k+N)/N} reduces to the
sl_N-version of the Lepowsky-Wilson's Z-algebra of level k, ZA(^sl_N)_k. In
other words DWA(^sl_N)_{q,t} with t=e^{-2\pi i/N}q^{(k+N)/N} can be considered
as a q-deformation of ZA(^sl_N)_k. In the appendix given by H.Awata, S.Odake
and J.Shiraishi, we present an interesting relation between DWA(^sl_N)_{q,t}
and \zeta-function regularization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129475 </DOCNO>
Eliminating the `flatness problem' with the use of Type Ia supernova


  Recent measurements of the cosmological constant or cosmic vacuum in Type Ia
SN observations (Riess et al.1998, Perlmutter et al. 1999) imply that $\Omega
(t)$ is exactly unity or nearly unity at any epoch of cosmic evolution. No fine
tuning is needed to describe this phenomenon with the standard cosmological
model based on the Type Ia SN data. A time-independent symmetry relation
between vacuum and matter is basically behind the observed near-parabolic
expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96678 </DOCNO>
Eigenfunctions of the Laplacian Acting on Degree Zero Bundles over


  We find an infinite set of eigenfunctions for the Laplacian acting on degree
zero bundles over special Riemann surfaces of genus greater than one. These
special surfaces correspond to Riemann period matrices satisfying a set of
equations which leads to a number theoretical problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124854 </DOCNO>
Quasar Evolution and the Baldwin Effect in the Large Bright Quasar


  From a large homogeneous sample of optical/UV emission line measurements for
993 quasars from the Large Bright Quasar Survey (LBQS), we study correlations
between emission line equivalent width and both restframe ultraviolet
luminosity (i.e., the Baldwin Effect) and redshift. Our semi-automated spectral
fitting accounts for absorption lines, fits blended iron emission, and provides
upper limits to weak emission lines. Use of a single large, well-defined sample
and consistent emission line measurements allows us to sensitively detect many
correlations, most of which have been previously noted. A new finding is a
significant Baldwin Effect in UV iron emission. Further analysis reveals that
the primary correlation of iron emission strength is probably with redshift,
implying an evolutionary rather than a luminosity effect. We show that for most
emission lines with a significant Baldwin Effect, and for some without,
evolution dominates over luminosity effects. This may reflect evolution in
abundances, in cloud covering factors, or overall cloud conditions such as
density and ionization. We find that in our sample, a putative correlation
between Baldwin Effect slope and the ionization potential is not significant.
Uniform measurements of other large quasar samples will extend the luminosity
and redshift range of such spectral studies and provide even stronger tests of
spectral evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114153 </DOCNO>
Explanation of the mass of the muon


  The difference of the rest masses m(pi^+-) - m(mu^+-) is nearly equal to 1/4
of the rest mass of the pi^(+-) mesons and is equal to the sum of the rest
masses of the 0.7 times 10^9 muon neutrinos (respectively anti-muon neutrinos)
which are in the cubic lattice of the pi^(+-) mesons according to the standing
wave model. In the decay of a pi^(+) or pi^(-) meson all muon neutrinos,
respectively anti-muon neutrinos, of the cubic lattice of the pi^(+-) mesons
are emitted. The sum of the oscillation energies of all neutrinos in the
pi^(+-) mesons is the same as the sum of the oscillation energies of the
remaining neutrinos in the mu^(+-) mesons. Consequently the mass of the mu^(+-)
mesons is equal to m(pi^+-) - 0.7 times 10^9 m(nu_mu) or 0.75 times m(pi^+-),
within 1% in agreement with the measured ratio m(mu^+-) / m(pi^+-) = 0.757028.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179183 </DOCNO>
The Continuum Spectrum of the 4N System. Results and Challenges


  The recent calculation of the four nucleon continuum spectrum are reviewed.
Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations in configuration space have been solved for the
four nucleon system with special interest in their scattering states. We
present results concerning the structure of the first $^4$He, scattering states
in different (T,S) channels including the first inelatic threshold
N+3N$\to$NN+NN and the n-t cross section using realistic potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7528 </DOCNO>
Classical-to-critical crossovers from field theory


  We extent the previous determinations of nonasymptotic critical behavior of
Phys. Rev B32, 7209 (1985) and B35, 3585 (1987) to accurate expressions of the
complete classical-to-critical crossover (in the 3-d field theory) in terms of
the temperature-like scaling field (i.e., along the critical isochore) for : 1)
the correlation length, the susceptibility and the specific heat in the
homogeneous phase for the n-vector model (n=1 to 3) and 2) for the spontaneous
magnetization (coexistence curve), the susceptibility and the specific heat in
the inhomogeneous phase for the Ising model (n=1). The present calculations
include the seventh loop order of Murray and Nickel (1991) and closely account
for the up-to-date estimates of universal asymptotic critical quantities
(exponents and amplitude combinations) provided by Guida and Zinn-Justin [J.
Phys. A31, 8103 (1998)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 660 </DOCNO>
Low-temperature properties of PZT solid solutions near the morphotropic


  A first-principles-derived approach is used to study structural,
piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Pb(Zr_{1-x}Ti_{x})O_{3} (PZT) solid
solutions near the morphotropic phase boundary at low temperature. Three
ferroelectric phases are found to exist: a tetragonal phase for larger x
compositions, a rhombohedral phase for smaller x compositions, and the recently
discovered monoclinic phase in between. In this monoclinic phase, the
polarization associated with the Zr atoms behaves differently from the
polarization associated with the Ti atoms. As the composition x decreases, the
former rotates more quickly towards the pseudo-cubic [111] direction and grows
in magnitude, while the latter lags in its rotation and its magnitude shrinks.
The local microscopic structure is found to deviate significantly from the
average structure in these PZT alloy phases as a result of fluctuations in the
directions and magnitudes of the local polarizations. The monoclinic phase is
characterized by a very large piezoelectric and dielectric response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96595 </DOCNO>
Derived Categories and Zero-Brane Stability


  We define a particular class of topological field theories associated to open
strings and prove the resulting D-branes and open strings form the bounded
derived category of coherent sheaves. This derivation is a variant of some
ideas proposed recently by Douglas. We then argue that any 0-brane on any
Calabi-Yau threefold must become unstable along some path in the Kahler moduli
space. As a byproduct of this analysis we see how the derived category can be
invariant under a birational transformation between Calabi-Yaus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6492 </DOCNO>
Collective excitation of trapped degenerate Fermi gases


  We show that the slow driving of a focused laser beam through the cloud of
trapped cold fermions allows for a creation of the collective excitation in the
system. The method, proposed originally by us for bosons, seems to be quite
feasible experimentally -- it requires only an appropriate change in time of
the potential in atomic traps, as realized in laboratories already.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75811 </DOCNO>
High-mass dimuon, B anti-B and B --> J/Psi production in


  The potential of B-physics in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is
discussed. The different mechanisms of heavy quark production at high energies
are considered. We analyze the sensitivity of high-mass mu+mu- pairs from BBbar
semileptonic decays and secondary J/Psi's from single B decays to the
medium-induced bottom quark energy loss at LHC energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168410 </DOCNO>
Concentrating Pure Continuous Variable Entanglement


  We consider pure continuous variable EPR entanglement with non-equal
correlations between orthogonal quadratures. We introduce a distillation
protocol which equates these correlations and in the process concentrates the
entanglement onto the minimum allowed number of photons. As an example we show
that our protocol transforms, through unitary local operations, a single
squeezed beam split on a beamsplitter into the same entanglement that is
produced when two squeezed beams are mixed orthogonally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2064 </DOCNO>
Order-disorder transition driven by dynamical effects between the


  A dynamical origin for the Sn/Ge(111) room temperature phase has been
revealed by the accurate structural determination of the ($3\times3$) and
$(\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3})R30^{\circ}$ Sn/Ge(111) phases using surface x-ray
diffraction experiments. Basically, two well distinct Sn sites are present in
both phases, which build in a vertical corrugation of $\sim$0.49 \AA at the Sn
layer. The temperature evolution of the width and intensity of the diffraction
beams exhibits an order-disorder phase transition behavior, with little change
in the magnitude of the atomic displacements. Hence, the room temperature
Sn/Ge(111) phase is the result of a vertical flipping of the Sn adatoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1672 </DOCNO>
Fluorescence from a few electrons


  Systems containing few Fermions (e.g., electrons) are of great current
interest. Fluorescence occurs when electrons drop from one level to another
without changing spin. Only electron gases in a state of equilibrium are
considered. When the system may exchange electrons with a large reservoir, the
electron-gas fluorescence is easily obtained from the well-known Fermi-Dirac
distribution. But this is not so when the number of electrons in the system is
prevented from varying, as is the case for isolated systems and for systems
that are in thermal contact with electrical insulators such as diamond. Our
accurate expressions rest on the assumption that single-electron energy levels
are evenly spaced, and that energy coupling and spin coupling between electrons
are small. These assumptions are shown to be realistic for many systems.
Fluorescence from short, nearly isolated, quantum wires is predicted to drop
abruptly in the visible, a result not predicted by the Fermi-Dirac
distribution. Our exact formulas are based on restricted and unrestricted
partitions of integers. The method is considerably simpler than the ones
proposed earlier, which are based on second quantization and contour
integration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148841 </DOCNO>
The Enhancon and the Consistency of Excision


  The enhancon mechanism removes a family of time-like singularities from
certain supergravity spacetimes by forming a shell of branes on which the
exterior geometry terminates. The problematic interior geometry is replaced by
a new spacetime, which in the prototype extremal case is simply flat. We show
that this excision process, made inevitable by stringy phenomena such as
enhanced gauge symmetry and the vanishing of certain D-branes' tension at the
shell, is also consistent at the purely gravitational level. The source
introduced at the excision surface between the interior and exterior geometries
behaves exactly as a shell of wrapped D6-branes, and in particular, the tension
vanishes at precisely the enhancon radius. These observations can be
generalised, and we present the case for non-extremal generalisations of the
geometry, showing that the procedure allows for the possibility that the
interior geometry contains an horizon. Further knowledge of the dynamics of the
enhancon shell itself is needed to determine the precise position of the
horizon, and to uncover a complete physical interpretation of the solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84023 </DOCNO>
Arc consistency for soft constraints


  The notion of arc consistency plays a central role in constraint
satisfaction. It is known that the notion of local consistency can be extended
to constraint optimisation problems defined by soft constraint frameworks based
on an idempotent cost combination operator. This excludes non idempotent
operators such as + which define problems which are very important in practical
applications such as Max-CSP, where the aim is to minimize the number of
violated constraints. In this paper, we show that using a weak additional axiom
satisfied by most existing soft constraints proposals, it is possible to define
a notion of soft arc consistency that extends the classical notion of arc
consistency and this even in the case of non idempotent cost combination
operators. A polynomial time algorithm for enforcing this soft arc consistency
exists and its space and time complexities are identical to that of enforcing
arc consistency in CSPs when the cost combination operator is strictly
monotonic (for example Max-CSP). A directional version of arc consistency is
potentially even stronger than the non-directional version, since it allows non
local propagation of penalties. We demonstrate the utility of directional arc
consistency by showing that it not only solves soft constraint problems on
trees, but that it also implies a form of local optimality, which we call arc
irreducibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95635 </DOCNO>
A class of non-convex polytopes that admit no orthonormal basis of


  A conjecture of Fuglede states that a bounded measurable set D, of measure 1,
can tile space by translations if and only if the Hilbert space L^2(D) has an
orthonormal basis consisting of exponentials exp(i 2 pi lambda x). If D has the
latter property it is called spectral. Let D be a polytope with the following
property: there is a direction u such that, of all the polytope faces
perpendicular to u, the total area of the faces pointing in the positive u
direction is more than the total area of the faces pointing in the negative u
direction. It is almost obvious that such a polytope D cannot tile space by
translation. We prove in this paper that such a domain is also not spectral,
which agrees with Fuglede's conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174653 </DOCNO>
A new functional for charge and mass identification in Delta E-E


  We propose a new functional for the charge and mass identification in Delta
E-E telescopes. This functional is based on Bethe's formula, allowing safe
interpolation or extrapolation in regions with low statistics. When applied to
telescopes involving detectors delivering a linear response, as silicon
detectors or ionization chambers, a good mass and charge identification is
achieved. For other detectors, as caesium-iodide used as a final member of a
telescope, a good accuracy is also obtained except in the low residual energy
region. A good identification is however recovered if a non-linear energy
dependence of the light output is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113756 </DOCNO>
Variable-Phase Asynchronous Cyclotron


  The conceptual design of a Variable-Phase Asynchronous Cyclotron (VPAC) is
describe, which provides longitudinal bunch compression of accelerated proton
or ion beams, and thus, permits high current acceleration at higher accelerator
efficiency, where the possible beam losses are minimized and the accelerator's
mechanical tolerances are relaxed. Beam control is assured by the ability to
independently set and vary the acceleration phase and rf voltage amplitude, the
inter-cavity harmonic number and the transverse focusing strength, which
considerably overcome the space charge effects in each sector and turn of the
proposed cyclotron. The new accelerator concept is especially suitable to
accelerate intense proton beams up to 800 MeV in energy and average beam
current in the 100-mA class. All accelerator elements are based on currently
available and feasible technologies. To demonstrate feasibility of design, the
detailed calculations and modeling of a 10-turn VPAC prototype for the
production of 25.6 MeV, 100 mA proton beam are presented and the key features
of the new accelerator concept are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77081 </DOCNO>
A mechanism for the Double-Spin Asymmetry in Electromagnetic $\rho$


  We calculate the contribution of meson and pomeron exchanges to the
double-spin asymmetry in $\rho$-meson electromagnetic production at HERMES
energies. We show that the observed double-spin asymmetries, which are large,
can be explained by the interference between the natural parity $f_2$-secondary
Reggeon and the unnatural parity anomalous $f_1$ exchanges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127078 </DOCNO>
X-ray Desorption of Molecules from Grains in Protoplanetary Disks


  We examine the ability of stellar X-rays to desorb molecules from grains in
outer protoplanetary disks. In particular, we consider the possibility of spot
heating by X-rays and examine its effectiveness, compared to whole grain
heating by X-rays, in sustaining a gas phase abundance of CO. As found in
previous studies, whole grain heating is effective only for small grains (< 500
A). As a result, large grains are a permanent sink of CO and whole grain
heating cannot sustain an equilibrium gas phase abundance of CO. Spot heating,
in which the incident X-ray deposits energy in only a restricted region of the
grain volume and which may occur as a consequence of the aggregate nature of
grains, proves to be more promising. Assuming that grains are comprised of many
thermal subunits that are poorly connected thermally, we find that spot heating
is efficient at all grain sizes if large grains are effectively ``coated'' with
small grains < 100 A in size. We discuss the implications of X-ray spot heating
for the interpretation of millimeter emission line studies of outer
protoplanetary disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77042 </DOCNO>
Angular distribution analysis of $B \to J/\psi K^{*}$ and resolving


  We discuss the angular distribution analysis of $B\to J/\psi K^{*}$ decays
and a way to resolve discrete ambiguites in the determination of the unitary
triangle $\phi_1(=\beta)$. We study the status of factorization hypothesis in
the color-suppressed B meson decays: $B\to J/\psi K^{(*)}$ within the general
factorization approach and QCD-factorization method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174769 </DOCNO>
The reaction ${n} {p} \to {p} {p} \pi^{-}$ from threshold up to 570 MeV


  The reaction ${n} {p} \to {p} {p} \pi^{-}$ has been studied in a
kinematically complete measurement with a large acceptance time-of-flight
spectrometer for incident neutron energies between threshold and 570 MeV. The
proton-proton invariant mass distributions show a strong enhancement due to the
pp($^{1}{S}_{0}$) final state interaction. A large anisotropy was found in the
pion angular distributions in contrast to the reaction ${p}{p} \to {p}{p}
\pi^{0}$. At small energies, a large forward/backward asymmetry has been
observed. From the measured integrated cross section $\sigma({n}{p} \to {\rm
p}{p} \pi^{-})$, the isoscalar cross section $\sigma_{01}$ has been extracted.
Its energy dependence indicates that mainly partial waves with Sp final states
contribute.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76425 </DOCNO>
Perturbation theory and renormalisation group equations


  We discuss the perturbative expansion of several one-loop improved
renormalisation group equations. It is shown that in general the integrated
renormalisation group flows fail to reproduce perturbation theory beyond one
loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98608 </DOCNO>
Derivatives of the L^p cosine transform


  The $L^p$-cosine transform of an even, continuous function $f\in C_e(\Sn)$ is
defined by: $$H(x)=\int_{\Sn}|\ip{x}{\xi}|^pf(\xi) d\xi,\quad x\in {\R}^n.$$ It
is shown that if $p$ is not an even integer then all partial derivatives of
even order of $H(x)$ up to order $p+1$ (including $p+1$ if $p$ is an odd
integer) exist and are continuous everywhere in ${\R}^n\backslash\{0\}$. As a
result of the corresponding differentiation formula, we show that if $f$ is a
positive bounded function and $p>1$ then $H^{1/p}$ is a support function of a
convex body whose boundary has everywhere positive Gauss-Kronekcer curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168749 </DOCNO>
General Phase Matching Condition for Quantum Searching


  We present a general phase matching condition for the quantum search
algorithm with arbitrary unitary transformation and arbitrary phase rotations.
We show by an explicit expression that the phase matching condition depends
both on the unitary transformation U and the initial state. Assuming that the
initial amplitude distribution is an arbitrary superposition sin\theta_0 |1> +
cos\theta_0 e^{i\delta} |2> with |1> = {1 / sin\beta} \sum_k |\tau_k>
<\tau_k|U|0> and |2> = {1 / cos\beta} \sum_{i \ne \tau}|i> <i|U|0>, where
|\tau_k> is a marked state and \sin\beta = \sqrt{\sum_k|U_{\tau_k 0}|^2} is
determined by the matrix elements of unitary transformation U between |\tau_k>
and the |0> state, then the general phase matching condition is tan{\theta / 2}
[cos 2\beta + tan\theta_0 cos\delta sin 2\beta]= tan{\phi / 2} [1-tan\theta_0
sin\delta sin 2\beta tan{\theta / 2}], where \theta and \phi are the phase
rotation angles for |0> and |\tau_k>, respectively. This generalizes previous
conclusions in which the dependence of phase matching condition on $U$ and the
initial state has been disguised. We show that several phase conditions
previously discussed in the literature are special cases of this general one,
which clarifies the question of which condition should be regarded as exact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86219 </DOCNO>
A Study of the Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J1828+0142


  We present a study of the radio environment of the gamma-ray source 3EG
J1828+0142. This source presents a very high variability index in its gamma
emission and a steep high-energy spectral index $\Gamma\sim-2.8$. Large-scale
radio maps at different frequencies show the presence of a shell-type
non-thermal structure when the diffuse emission from the Galactic disk is
eliminated. At small scales, VLA radio images reveal the existence of several
weak point sources within the 95 % gamma-ray confidence location contour. Most
of these sources present non-thermal spectral indices, but it is not clear
whether they are extragalactic or not. We discuss the possibility of a scenario
where the large structure is a SNR and one of the compact radio sources is an
isolated black hole also produced in the original supernova explosion. The
black hole could be responsible for the variable gamma-ray emission according
to Punsly's (1998) model. INTEGRAL observations with IBIS imager could detect
the inverse Compton and blueshifted pair annihilation radiation from the
relativistic electron-positron jets of the hole. Some estimates are presented
in this regard.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149458 </DOCNO>
Axially Symmetric Monopoles and Black Holes in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs


  We investigate static axially symmetric monopole and black hole solutions
with magnetic charge n > 1 in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory. For vanishing
and small Higgs selfcoupling, multimonopole solutions are gravitationally
bound. Their mass per unit charge is lower than the mass of the n=1 monopole.
For large Higgs selfcoupling only a repulsive phase exists. The static axially
symmetric hairy black hole solutions possess a deformed horizon with constant
surface gravity. We consider their properties in the isolated horizon
framework, interpreting them as bound states of monopoles and black holes.
Representing counterexamples to the ``no-hair'' conjecture, these black holes
are neither uniquely characterized by their horizon area and horizon charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168576 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of optically driven exciton and quantum decoherence


  By using the normal ordering method, we study the state evolution of an
optically driven excitons in a quantum well immersed in a leaky cavity, which
was introduced by Yu-xi Liu et.al. [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 63}, 033816 (2001)]. The
influence of the external laser field on the quantum decoherence of a
mesoscopically superposed states of the excitons is investigated. Our result
shows that, thought the characteristic time of decoherence does not depend on
the external field, the phase of the decoherence factor can be well controlled
by adjusting the external parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97774 </DOCNO>
Resolution of singularities in Denjoy-Carleman classes


  We show that a version of the desingularization theorem of Hironaka holds for
certain classes of infinitely differentiable functions (essentially, for
subrings that exclude flat functions and are closed under differentiation and
the solution of implicit equations). Examples are quasianalytic classes,
introduced by E. Borel a century ago and characterized by the Denjoy-Carleman
theorem. These classes have been poorly understood in dimension > 1. Resolution
of singularities can be used to obtain many new results; for example,
topological Noetherianity, Lojasiewicz inequalities, division properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41234 </DOCNO>
Test of CPT and Lorentz invariance from muonium spectroscopy


  Following a suggestion of Kostelecky et al. we have evaluated a test of CPT
and Lorentz invariance from the microwave spectroscopy of muonium. Hamiltonian
terms beyond the standard model violating CPT and Lorentz invariance would
contribute frequency shifts $\delta\nu_{12}$ and $\delta\nu_{34}$ to $\nu_{12}$
and $\nu_{34}$, the two transitions involving muon spin flip, which were
precisely measured in ground state muonium in a strong magnetic field of 1.7 T.
The shifts would be indicated by anti-correlated oscillations in $\nu_{12}$ and
$\nu_{34}$ at the earth's sidereal frequency. No time dependence was found in
$\nu_{12}$ or $\nu_{34}$ at the level of 20 Hz, limiting the size of some CPT
and Lorentz violating parameters at the level of $2\times10^{-23}$ GeV,
representing Planck scale sensitivity and an order of magnitude improvement in
sensitivity over previous limits for the muon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5983 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Impurity Scattering due to Quantum Critical Fluctuations


  It is shown on the basis of the lowest order perturbation expansion with
respect to critical fluctuations that the critical fluctuations give rise to an
enhancement of the potential scattering of non-magnetic impurities. This
qualitatively accounts for the enhancement of the resistivity due to impurities
which has been observed in variety of systems near the quantum critical point,
while the higher order processes happen to give much larger enhancement as seen
from the Ward identity arguments. The cases with dynamical critical exponent
$z$=2 and $z$=3 are discussed explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87120 </DOCNO>
A general-covariant concept of particles in curved background


  A local current of particle density for scalar fields in curved background is
constructed. The current depends on the choice of a two-point function. There
is a choice that leads to local non-conservation of the current in a
time-dependent gravitational background, which describes local particle
production consistent with the usual global description based on the Bogoliubov
transformation. Another choice, which might be the most natural one, leads to
the local conservation of the current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95512 </DOCNO>
Part of the D - dimensional anharmonic oscillator spectra


  The pseudoperturbative shifted - $l$ expansion technique PSLET [12,16] is
generalized for states with arbitrary number of nodal zeros. Interdimensional
degeneracies, emerging from the isomorphism between angular momentum and
dimensionality of the central force Schr\"odinger equation, are used to
construct part of the D - dimensional anharmonic oscillator bound - state
spectra. PSLET results are found to compare excellently with those from a
series [5], exact and open perturbation [9] solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128141 </DOCNO>
The bright optical afterglow of the long GRB 001007


  We present optical follow up observations of the long GRB 001007 between 6.14
hr and 468 days after the event. An unusually bright optical afterglow (OA) was
seen to decline following a steep achromatic power law with index alpha =
-2.05+/-0.11, possibly indicating a break in the lightcurve at t-t0 < 3.5 days,
as found in other bursts. Upper limits imposed by the LOTIS alerting system
6.14 hours after the gamma-ray event also suggests the presence of a knee in
the optical lightcurve. The spectral index beta of the OA yields -1.24 +/-
0.57. These values may be explained by several fireball jet models and by the
cannonball model. Fireball spherical expansion models are not favoured. Late
epoch deep imaging revealed the presence of a complex host galaxy system,
composed at least by two objects located 1.2" and 1.9" from the afteglow
position.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148931 </DOCNO>
Integration measure and extended BRST covariant quantization


  We propose an extended BRST invariant Lagrangian quantization scheme of
general gauge theories based on an explicit realization of the modified
triplectic algebra that was announced in our previous investigation
(hep-th/0104189). The algebra includes, besides the odd operators $V^a$
appearing in the triplectic formalism, also the odd operators $U^a$ introduced
within modified triplectic quantization, both of which being anti-Hamiltonian
vector fields. We show that some even supersymplectic structure defined on the
space of fields and antifields provides the extended BRST path integral with a
well-defined integration measure. All the known Lagrangian quantization schemes
based on the extended BRST symmetry are obtained by specifying the (free)
parameters of that method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6421 </DOCNO>
A common origin for the resistivity of Cd$_2$Re$_2$O$_7$, the cuprates,


  We propose an explanation for the temperature dependence of the resistivity
of Cd$_2$Re$_2$O$_7$, including the regime above the structural phase
transition at $T$=200 $^o$K. The mechanism involved relies on the existence of
a strong van Hove singularity close to the Fermi surface, which is evidenced by
relevant band structure calculations. The same mechanism has successfully
described the $T$-linear resistivity of the cuprates and Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, and the
one-particle scattering rate in the former materials, as corroborated by recent
experiments. We describe a few predictions for Cd$_2$Re$_2$O$_7$ and
Cd$_2$Os$_2$O$_7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179708 </DOCNO>
Singularities of ultra-relativistic expanding quark-gluon plasma within


  We follow Quark-gluon transport theory and analyse singularities of the
ultra-relativistic and spherical expanding quark-gluon plasma. Within the
linearized QCD oscillations and instabilities of the ultra-relativistic and
spherical symmetric expanding quark-gluon plasma near global thermodynamical
equilibrium are investigated in dependence on a chemical potential mu(T) of
non-strange light quarks and antiquarks, a strange quark mass m_s, a
temperature T and a hydrodynamical velocity $u$. We calculate the
chromoelectric permeability tensor for the quark-gluon plasma at rest and
ultra-relativistic moving. We show that the contribution of chemical potential
of light quarks and antiquarks can be neglected to the chromoelectric
permeability. We show that the account for the non-zero mass of strange quarks
and antiquarks diminishes the value of the plasma frequency. We show that the
plasma frequency of the ultra-relativistic and spherical symmetric expanding
quark-gluon plasma is enhanced by a Lorentz factor compared with the plasma
frequency of the quark-gluon plasma at rest. We find that the
ultra-relativistic and spherical symmetric expanding quark-gluon plasma behaves
like a collisionless thermalized plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149460 </DOCNO>
Standard-like models from intersecting D4-branes


  We construct a one-parameter set of intersecting D4-brane models, with six
stacks, that yield the (non-supersymmetric) standard model plus extra
vector-like matter. Twisted tadpoles and gauge anomalies are cancelled, and the
model contains all of the Yukawa couplings to the tachyonic Higgs doublets that
are needed to generate mass terms for the fermions.
  A string scale in the range 1-10 TeV and a Higgs mass not much greater than
the current bound is obtained for certain values of the parameters,
consistently with the observed values of the gauge coupling constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125855 </DOCNO>
Gravitational instability of expanding shells: Solution with nonlinear


  A model of the thin shell expanding into a uniform ambient medium is
developed. Density perturbations are described using equations with linear and
quadratic terms, and the linear and the nonlinear solutions are compared. We
follow the time evolution of the fragmentation process and separate the well
defined fragments. Their mass spectrum is compared to observations and we also
estimate their formation time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86867 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneities in Newtonian Cosmology and its Backreaction to the


  We study an effect of inhomogeneity of density distribution of the Universe.
We propose a new Lagrangian perturbation theory with a backreaction effect by
inhomogeneity. The inhomogeneity affects the expansion rate in a local domain
and its own growing rate. We numerically analyze a one-dimensional
plane-symmetric model, and calculate the probability distribution functions
(PDFs) of several observed variables to discuss those statistical properties.
We find that the PDF of pairwise peculiar velocity shows an effective
difference from the conventional Lagrangian approach, i.e. even in
one-dimensional plane symmetric case, the PDF approaches an exponential form in
a small relative-velocity region, which agree with the N-body simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84018 </DOCNO>
Modernising the ESRF control system with GNU/Linux


  he ESRF control system is in the process of being modernised. The present
contrsystem is based on VME, 10 MHz Ethernet, OS9, Solaris, HP-UX, NFS/RPC,
Motif and C. The new control system will be based on compact PCI, 100 MHz
Ethernet, Linux, Windows, Solaris, CORBA/IIOP, C++, Java and Python. The main
frontend operating system will be GNU/Linux running on Intel/x86 and
Motorola/68k. Linux will also be used on handheld devices for mobile control.
This poster describes how GNU/Linux is being used to modernise the control
system and what problems have been encountered so far

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2857 </DOCNO>
Phase-Field Model of Mode III Dynamic Fracture


  We introduce a phenomenological continuum model for mode III dynamic fracture
that is based on the phase-field methodology used extensively to model
interfacial pattern formation. We couple a scalar field, which distinguishes
between ``broken'' and ``unbroken'' states of the system, to the displacement
field in a way that consistently includes both macroscopic elasticity and a
simple rotationally invariant short scale description of breaking. We report
two-dimensional simulations that yield steady-state crack motion in a strip
geometry above the Griffith threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76535 </DOCNO>
Resummation and power corrections by Dressed Gluon Exponentiation


  Event-shape distributions in $e^+e^-$ annihilation offer a unique lab oratory
for understanding perturbative and non-perturbative aspects of QCD. Dressed
Gluon Exponentiation is a resummation method designed to evaluate differ ential
cross sections close to a kinematic threshold and provide the basis for
parametrization of power corrections. The method and its application in the
case of the thrust and the heavy jet mass distributions in the two-jet region
are briefly presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81286 </DOCNO>
K0-K0bar mixing from the Schroedinger functional and twisted mass QCD


  We describe how the Schroedinger functional and twisted mass QCD can be used
to compute the kaon B-parameter B_K on the lattice with Wilson fermions. This
new approach is expected to reduce the systematic uncertainties on B_K through
a better control of its (nonperturbative) renormalisation. Preliminary results
for the bare matrix element in a physical volume of (1.5^3 x 4.5) fm^4 are
presented. The renormalisation of the matrix element in a Schroedinger
functional scheme is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99104 </DOCNO>
A Note on Arithmetic Cohomologies for Number Fields


  As a part of our program for Geometric Arithmetic, we develop an arithmetic
cohomology theory for number fields using theory of locally compact groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168970 </DOCNO>
On the stochastic mechanics of the free relativistic particle


  Given a positive energy solution of the Klein-Gordon equation, the motion of
the free, spinless, relativistic particle is described in a fixed Lorentz frame
by a Markov diffusion process with non-constant diffusion coefficient. Proper
time is an increasing stochastic process and we derive a probabilistic
generalization of the equation $(d\tau)^2=-\frac{1}{c^2}dX_{\nu}dX_{\nu}$. A
random time-change transformation provides the bridge between the $t$ and the
$\tau$ domain. In the $\tau$ domain, we obtain an $\M^4$-valued Markov process
with singular and constant diffusion coefficient. The square modulus of the
Klein-Gordon solution is an invariant, non integrable density for this Markov
process. It satisfies a relativistically covariant continuity equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123406 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Sudden Magnetic Field Reconfiguration in SGR 1900+14


  We report the detection of large flux changes in the persistent X-ray flux of
SGR 1900+14 during its burst active episode in 1998. Most notably, we find a
factor ~700 increase in the non-burst X-ray flux following the August 27th
flare, which decayed in time as a power-law. Our measurements indicate that the
pulse fraction remains constant throughout this decay. This suggests a global
flux enhancement as a consequence of the August 27th flare rather than
localized heating. While the persistent flux has since recovered to the
pre-outburst level, the pulse profile has not. The pulse shape changed to a
near sinusoidal profile within the tail of the August 27th flare (in
gamma-rays) and this effect has persisted for more than 1.5 years (in X-rays).
The results presented here suggest the magnetic field of the neutron star in
SGR 1900+14 was significantly altered (perhaps globally) during the giant flare
of August 27.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124070 </DOCNO>
A Catalog of Mass Models for Gravitational Lensing


  Many different families of mass models are used in modern applications of
strong gravitational lensing. I review a wide range of popular models, with two
points of emphasis: (1) a discussion of strategies for building models suited
to a particular lensing problem; and (2) a summary of technical results for a
canonical set of models. All of the models reviewed here are included in
publicly-available lensing software called gravlens.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7400 </DOCNO>
Quantum stochastic theory of phonon scattering between polaritons


  Quantum stochastic operator equations are derived for inter-branch exciton
and polariton processes caused by acoustic phonon scattering. The use of a
fully quantum model combined with these recently developed techniques predicts
the presence of ``stimulated scattering'' terms, and provides a sound basis for
understanding the basis of the approximations used in generating the equations.
The theory is applied to a model motivated by recent experiments where a
stronger photoluminescence signal from the high energy microcavity polariton
polariton is observed for low excitation powers, and also to an experimental
scheme designed to show evidence of the stimulated scattering effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3091 </DOCNO>
Predictability of large future changes in a competitive evolving


  The dynamical evolution of many economic, sociological, biological and
physical systems tends to be dominated by a relatively small number of
unexpected, large changes (`extreme events'). We study the large, internal
changes produced in a generic multi-agent population competing for a limited
resource, and find that the level of predictability actually increases prior to
a large change. These large changes hence arise as a predictable consequence of
information encoded in the system's global state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73004 </DOCNO>
Threshold resummation for B meson decays


  We show that double logarithmic corrections $\alpha_s\ln^2 x$ appear in
exclusive B meson decays at the end point of a momentum fraction $x\to 0$,
which demand the introduction of a quark jet function into perturbative QCD
factorization of decay amplitudes. The threshold resummation for the jet
function leads to a universal Sudakov factor, which smears the end-point
singularities in heavy-to-light form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169037 </DOCNO>
Generic Quantum Block Compression


  A generic approach for compiling any classical block compression algorithm
into a quantum block compression algorithm is presented. Using this technique,
compression asymptoticaly approaching the von Neumann entropy of a qubit source
can be achieved. The automatically compiled algorithms are competitive (in time
and space complexity) with hand constructed quantum block compression
algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3118 </DOCNO>
Restrictions on the coherence of the ultrafast optical emission from an


  We report on the transfer of coherence from a quantum-well electron-hole
condensate to the light it emits. As a function of density, the coherence of
the electron-hole pair system evolves from being full for the low density
Bose-Einstein condensate to a chaotic behavior for a high density BCS-like
state. This degree of coherence is transfered to the light emitted in a damped
oscillatory way in the ultrafast regime. Additionally, the photon field
exhibits squeezing properties during the transfer time. We analyze the effect
of light frequency and separation between electron and hole layers on the
optical coherence. Our results suggest new type of ultrafast experiments for
detecting electron-hole pair condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74667 </DOCNO>
QCD and Hadron Dynamics


  Perturbative QCD predicts and describes various features of multihadron
production. An amazing similarity between observable hadron systems and
calculable underlying parton ensembles justifies the attempts to use the
language of quarks and gluons down to small momentum scales, to approach the
profound problems that are commonly viewed as being entirely non-perturbative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73153 </DOCNO>
Regge Poles in QCD


  Basic properties of Regge poles are reviewed.
  Regge poles are considered from both t-channel and s-channel points of view.
The main part of the review is devoted to the Regge poles in QCD. The method of
the Wilson-loop path integral is used to calculate trajectories of Regge poles
for $q-\bar q$ and gluonic states. The problem of the Pomeron in QCD is
discussed in details. It is shown how to use the 1/N-expansion for
classification of reggeon diagrams in QCD. The role of Regge cuts in reggeon
theory is discussed and their importance for high-energy phenomenology is
emphasized. Models based on the reggeon calculus, 1/N-expansion in QCD and
string picture of interactions at large distances are reviewed and are applied
to a broad class of phenomena in strong interactions. It is shown how to apply
the reggeon approach to small-x physics in deep inelastic scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73282 </DOCNO>
The Meson Mass Spectrum from a Systematically Renormalized Light-Front


  We extend a systematic renormalization procedure for quantum field theory to
include particle masses and present several applications. We use a Hamiltonian
formulation and light-front quantization because this may produce a convergent
Fock-space expansion. The QCD Hamiltonian is systematically renormalized to
second order in the strong coupling and the Fock-space expansion is truncated
to lowest order to produce a finite-dimensional Hamiltonian matrix. The
renormalized Hamiltonian is used to calculate the spectra of the $b\bar{b}$ and
$c\bar{c}$ mesons as a lowest-order test of our procedure for full QCD.
  The analytic determination of the renormalized Hamiltonian matrix generates
expressions that must be numerically integrated to generate quantitative
results. The efficiency of the numerical calculation depends on how well the
basis functions can approximate the real state. We examine the effectiveness of
using Basis-Splines (B-Splines) to represent QCD states. After briefly
describing these functions, we test them using the one- and two-dimensional
harmonic oscillator problems. We test their ability to represent realistic
wavefunctions by using them to find the glueball mass spectrum.
  An efficient algorithm for numerically calculating the matrix elements in the
glueball and meson problems is necessary because the calculation is numerically
intensive. We describe our algorithm and discuss its parallel-cpu
implementation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168941 </DOCNO>
Entropy production due to coupling to a heat bath in the kicked rotor


  Considering a kicked rotor coupled to a model heat bath both the classical
and quantum entropy productions are calculated exactly. Starting with an
initial wave packet, the von Neuman entropy as a function of time is determined
from the reduced density matrix while the Liouville evolution of the
corresponding Husimi distribution provides us with the classical entropy. It is
found that both these entropies agree reasonably satisfying the same asymptotic
growth law and more importantly both are proportional to the classical
Liapounov exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85999 </DOCNO>
Is torsion needed in theory of gravity?


  It is known that General Relativity ({\bf GR}) uses Lorentzian Manifold
$(M_4;g)$ as a geometrical model of the physical space-time. $M_4$ means here a
four-dimensional differentiable manifold endowed with Lorentzian metric $g$.
The metric $g$ satisfies Einstein equations. Since the 1970s many authors have
tried to generalize this geometrical model of the physical space-time by
introducing torsion and even more general metric-affine geometry. In this paper
we discuss status of torsion in the theory of gravity. At first, we emphasize
that up to now we have no experimental evidence for the existence of torsion in
Nature. Contrary, the all experiments performed in weak gravitational field
(Solar System) or in strong regime (binary pulsars) and tests of the Einstein
Equivalence Principle ({\bf EEP}) confirmed {\bf GR} and Lorentzian manifold
$(M_4;g)$ as correct geometrical model of the physical space-time. Then, we
give theoretical arguments against introducing of torsion into geometrical
model of the physical space-time. At last, we conclude that the
general-relativistic model of the physical space-time is sufficient and it
seems to be the most satisfactory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114252 </DOCNO>
Coupled Electron Pair Approximation Calculation of the Electric Dipole


  The existence of a finite electric dipole moment (EDM) d_a of the
closed-shell atom Yb implies parity and time reversal violations involving the
nuclear sector. An important effect which can contribute to the Yb EDM is the
tensor-pseudotensor electron-nucleus interaction characterized by the coupling
constant C_T. Within the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics C_T=0, as this
form of interaction is not allowed. If a finite d_a of Yb is observed in
experiments, then an estimate of C_T can be obtained by combining with the
theoretical calculations. A non-zero C_T implies physics beyond the standard
model. In this paper we present the result of our ab initio calculation of the
EDM Yb using different many-body methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73789 </DOCNO>
Anomalous C-violating Three Photon Decay of the Neutral Pion in


  We show that a simple and reasonable generalization of the anomalous
interaction between the neutral pion and two photons can induce the C-violating
three photon decay of the neutral pion in noncommutative quantum
electrodynamics. We find that it is mandatory for consistency reasons to
include simultaneously the normal neutral pion and photon interaction in which
the neutral pion transforms under U(1) in a similar way as in the adjoint
representation of a non-Abelian gauge theory. We demonstrate that the decay has
a characteristic distribution although its rate still seems too small to be
experimentally reachable in the near future. We also describe how to manipulate
phase space integration correctly when Lorentz invariance is lost.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86352 </DOCNO>
On static spherically symmetric solutions of the Bach-Einstein


  For field equations of 4th order, following from a Lagrangian `Ricci scalar
plus Weyl scalar', it is shown (using methods of non-standard analysis) that in
a neighbourhood of Minkowski space there do not exist regular static
spherically symmetric solutions. With that (besides the known local expansions
about r = 0 and r = infinity resp.) for the first time a global statement on
the existence of such solutions is given. Finally, this result will be
discussed in connection with Einstein's particle programme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41446 </DOCNO>
Pair Creation and an X-ray Free Electron Laser


  Using a quantum kinetic equation coupled to Maxwell's equation we study the
possibility that focused beams at proposed X-ray free electron laser facilities
can generate electric field strengths large enough to cause spontaneous
electron-positron pair production from the QED vacuum. Our approach yields the
time and momentum dependence of the single particle distribution function.
Under conditions reckoned achievable at planned facilities, repeated cycles of
particle creation and annihilation take place in tune with the laser frequency.
However, the peak particle number density is insensitive to this frequency and
one can anticipate the production of a few hundred particle pairs per laser
period. Field-current feedback and quantum statistical effects are small and
can be neglected in this application of non-equilibrium quantum mean field
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75490 </DOCNO>
On Theoretical Uncertainties of the W Boson Mass Measurement at LEP2


  We discuss theoretical uncertainties of the measurement of the $W$ boson mass
at LEP2 energies, reconstructed with the help of the tandem of the Monte Carlo
event generators KoralW and YFSWW3. Exploiting numerical results obtained with
these programs, and the existing knowledge in the literature, we estimate that
the theoretical uncertainty of the $W$ mass due to electroweak corrections, as
reconstructed at LEP2 with the help of these programs, is $\sim 5 $MeV. Since
we use certain idealized event selections and a simple $M_W$-fitting procedure,
our numerical exercises can be (should be) repeated for the actual ``$M_W$
extraction methods'' of the LEP2 measurements, using KoralW and YFSWW3 or other
Monte Carlo programs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7605 </DOCNO>
Scaling Solutions of Inelastic Boltzmann Equations with Over-populated


  This paper deals with solutions of the nonlinear Boltzmann equation for
spatially uniform systems with dissipative interactions for large times and for
large velocities, and the nonuniform convergence to these limits. We show how
the velocity distribution approaches in the scaling limit to a similarity
solution with a power law tail and derive a transcendental equation from which
the exponents in the tails can be calculated. Moreover on the basis of the
available analytic and numerical results for inelastic hard spheres and
inelastic Maxwell models we formulate two conjectures about the approach of the
velocity distribution function to a scaling form in freely evolving and in
driven dissipative systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95945 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of the potential from I-function


  If $f(x,k)$ is the Jost solution and $f(x) = f(0,k)$, then the $I$-function
is $I(k) := \frac{f^\prime(0,k)}{f(k)}$. It is proved that $I(k)$ is in
one-to-one correspondence with the scattering triple ${\mathcal S} :=\{S(k),
k_j, s_j, \quad 1 \leq j \leq J\}$ and with the spectral function
$\rho(\lambda)$ of the Sturm-Liouville operator $l= -\frac{d^2}{dx^2} + q(x)$
on $(0, \infty)$ with the Dirichlet condition at $x=0$ and $q(x) \in L_{1,1} :=
\{q: q= \bar q, \int^\infty_0 (1+x) |q(x) dx <
  \infty\}$.
  Analytical methods are given for finding $\mathcal S$ from $I(k)$ and $I(k)$
from $\mathcal S$, and $\rho(\lambda)$ from $I(k)$ and $I(k)$ from
$\rho(\lambda)$. Since the methods for finding $q(x)$ from $\mathcal S$ or from
$\rho(\lambda)$ are known, this yields the methods for finding $q(x)$ from
$I(k)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128490 </DOCNO>
Weak Lensing of the CMB: Power Spectrum Covariance


  We discuss the non-Gaussian contribution to the power spectrum covariance of
cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies resulting through weak
gravitational lensing angular deflections and the correlation of deflections
with secondary sources of temperature fluctuations generated by the large scale
structure, such as the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect and the Sunyave-Zel'dovich
effect. This additional contribution to the covariance of binned angular power
spectrum, beyond the well known cosmic variance and any associated instrumental
noise, results from a trispectrum, or a four point correlation function, in
temperature anisotropy data. With substantially wide bins in multipole space,
the resulting non-Gaussian contribution from lensing to the binned power
spectrum variance is insignificant out to multipoles of a few thousand and is
not likely to affect the cosmological parameter estimation through acoustic
peaks and the damping tail. The non-Gaussian contribution to covariance,
however, should be considered when interpreting binned CMB power spectrum
measurements at multipoles of a few thousand corresponding to angular scales of
few arcminutes and less.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97493 </DOCNO>
Funtional approach to quantum decoherence and the classical final limit


  A quantum system with discrete and continuos evolution spectrum is studied. A
final pointer basis is found, that can be defined in a precised mathematical
way. This result is used to explain the quantum measurement in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150258 </DOCNO>
Multi-trace quasi-primary fields of $\mathcal{N}=4$ $SYM_4$ from AdS


  We develop a recursive algorithm for the investigation of infinite sequences
of quasi-primary fields obtained from chiral primary operators (CPOs)
$O^I_k(x)$ and eventually their derivatives by applying operator product
expansions and singling out SO(6) representations. We show that normal products
of $O_2$ operators can be expressed in terms of projection operators on
representations of SO(20) and discuss intertwining operators for SO(6)
representations. Furthermore we derive $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{N^2})$ corrections
to AdS/CFT 4-point functions by graphical combinatorics and finally extract
anomalous dimensions by applying the method of conformal partial wave analysis.
We find infinite sequences of quasi-primary fields with vanishing anomalous
dimensions and interpret them as 1/2-BPS or 1/4-BPS fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126422 </DOCNO>
DIRBE Minus 2MASS: the Cosmic Infrared Background at 3.5 Microns


  Stellar fluxes from the 2MASS catalog are used to remove the contribution due
to Galactic stars from the intensity measured by DIRBE in 13 regions in the
North and South Galactic polar caps. Allowing for a constant calibration factor
between the DIRBE 3.5 micron intensity and the 2MASS 2.2 micron fluxes gives
very small pixel to pixel scatter. After subtracting the interplanetary and
Galactic foregrounds, a residual intensity of 16.1 +/- 4 kJy/sr or 13.8 +/- 3.4
nW/m^2/sr at 3.5 microns is found. A similar analysis at 2.2 microns gives a
residual intensity of 17.6 +/- 4.4 kJy/sr or 24 +/- 6 nW/m^2/sr. The intercepts
of the DIRBE minus 2MASS correlation at 1.25 microns show more scatter and are
a much smaller fraction of the foreground, leading to a weak limit on the CIRB
of 10.1 +/- 7.4 kJy/sr or 24.3 +/- 18 nW/m^2/sr (1 sigma).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6360 </DOCNO>
New criteria for cluster identification in continuum systems


  Two new criteria, that involve the microscopic dynamics of the system, are
proposed for the identification of clusters in continuum systems. The first one
considers a residence time in the definition of the bond between pairs of
particles, whereas the second one uses a life time in the definition of an
aggregate. Because of the qualitative features of the clusters yielded by the
criteria we call them chemical and physical clusters, respectively. Molecular
dynamics results for a Lennard-Jones system and general connectivity theories
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74253 </DOCNO>
Localized Gravity in String Theory


  We propose a string realization of the AdS4 brane in AdS5 that is known to
localize gravity. Our theory is M D5 branes in the near horizon geometry of N
D3 branes, where M and N are appropriately tuned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169150 </DOCNO>
Oscillating decay of an unstable system


  We study the short-time and medium-time behavior of the survival probability
in the frame of the $N$-level Friedrichs model. The time evolution of an
arbitrary unstable initial state is determined. We show that the survival
probability may oscillate significantly during the so-called exponential era.
This result explains qualitatively the experimental observations of the NaI
decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96657 </DOCNO>
Counting Points on Hyperelliptic Curves using Monsky-Washnitzer


  We describe an algorithm for counting points on an arbitrary hyperelliptic
curve over a finite field of odd characteristic, using Monsky-Washnitzer
cohomology to compute a p-adic approximation to the characteristic polynomial
of Frobenius. For fixed p, the asymptotic running time for a curve of genus g
over the field of p^n elements is O(g^{4+\epsilon} n^{3+\epsilon}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7461 </DOCNO>
Vector magnetic hysteresis of hard superconductors


  Critical state problems which incorporate more than one component for the
magnetization vector of hard superconductors are investigated. The theory is
based on the minimization of a cost functional ${\cal C}[\vec{H}(\vec{x})]$
which weighs the changes of the magnetic field vector within the sample. We
show that Bean's simplest prescription of choosing the correct sign for the
critical current density $J_c$ in one dimensional problems is just a particular
case of finding the components of the vector $\vec{J}_c$. $\vec{J}_c$ is
determined by minimizing ${\cal C}$ under the constraint $\vec{J}\in\Delta
(\vec{H},\vec{x})$, with $\Delta$ a bounded set. Upon the selection of
different sets $\Delta$ we discuss existing crossed field measurements and
predict new observable features. It is shown that a complex behavior in the
magnetization curves may be controlled by a single external parameter, i.e.:
the maximum value of the applied magnetic field $H_m$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127375 </DOCNO>
Transient Gamma Ray Spectrometer Measurements of Gamma-Ray Lines from


  The "Wind" spacecraft carrying the Transient Gamma Spectrometer (TGRS) moves
in an extremely elliptical orbit that largely avoids Earth's trapped radiation
belts and albedo gamma-radiation. The TGRS therefore enjoys a relatively low
level of background that is also extremely stable. We show how this stability
enables modeling of the time variability of background lines, which in turn
enables a novel technique of background subtraction to be used in the detection
of transient astrophysical lines. We apply a simple version of this method to
the line at 478 keV that is expected to arise from nucleosynthesis of 7Be in
nearby novae. This search covers the entire southern ecliptic hemisphere during
1995-1997, including five known individual events, and possible undiscovered
individual events. The TGRS design also uses "Wind"'s 3 s rotation period to
modulate signals from the Galactic Center (GC). We use this feature of the
instrument to search for a quasi-constant level of 478 keV emission from the
accumulation of 7Be from several novae that are expected to occur in the
direction of the GC during that isotope's 53 d half-life. We derive upper
limits on the transient (single-nova) emission which improve on previous limits
by about an order of magnitude, and limits on the steady (many-nova) emission
which represent a factor 2 improvement. Only weak limits can be placed on the
key parameters in the nucleosynthesis and ejection of 7Be, however.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74487 </DOCNO>
Degrees of Freedom and the Deconfining Phase Transition


  There is a sharp increase in the relative number of degrees of freedom at the
deconfining phase transition. Characterizing this increase using the Polyakov
Loop model, we find that for a nearly second order deconfining phase
transition, the medium-induced energy loss turns on rapidly above T_c,
proportional to the relative number of degrees of freedom. Further, energy loss
is logarithmically dependent on the screening mass, and thus is sensitive to
nearly critical scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73778 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity Study of Extra Dimensions at TeV $e^+ e^-$ colliders


  We study the sensitivity reach of $0.5-2$ TeV $e^+ e^-$ linear colliders in
the context of the ADD model, in which gravity becomes strong at TeV scale. We
include the real emission channel $e^+ e^- \to \gamma G$, as well as the
virtual-graviton-exchange channels $e^+ e^- \to \gamma \gamma, q\bar q,
\mu^+\mu^-, \tau^+ \tau^-, e^+ e^-$. Assuming no excess of events over the
standard model predictions, we obtain the lower 95% C.L. limits on the
effective Planck scale. These limits are better than those obtained in the Run
II's of the Tevatron and comparable to those of the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98721 </DOCNO>
Francia's flip and derived categories


  We extend some of the results of Bondal-Orlov on the equivalence of derived
categories to the case of orbifolds by using the category of coherent orbifold
sheaves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125870 </DOCNO>
Resolving the X-ray Spectral Paradox: XMM-Newton Spectra of Faint


  Using 100ks of XMM-Newton data on the Lockman Hole, we show how the X-ray
background 'spectral paradox' is being resolved. We find the summed spectra of
the Type I AGN, Type II AGN, and the unidentified objects. We conclude that the
hard slope of the XRB is caused predominantly by latter sources, i.e. the Type
II AGN and unidentified objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41134 </DOCNO>
R Measurements at High Q^2


  Previous Measurements of R at high Q^2 are reviewed. Recent R measurement
results, including those from the Beijing Spectrometer Experiment, are
described. The present status of R measurements and future measurement
possiblities are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87133 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Conformal Constraint Equations


  One method of studying the asymptotic structure of spacetime is to apply
Penrose's conformal rescaling technique. In this setting, the Einstein
equations for the metric and the conformal factor in the unphysical spacetime
degenerate where the conformal factor vanishes, namely at the boundary
representing null infinity. This problem can be avoided by means of a technique
of H. Friedrich, which replaces the Einstein equations in the unphysical
spacetime by an equivalent system of equations which is regular at the
boundary. The initial value problem for these equations produces a system of
constraint equations known as the conformal constraint equations. This work
describes some of the properties of the conformal constraint equations and
develops a perturbative method of generating solutions near flat space under
certain simplifying assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 537 </DOCNO>
Shot Noise in Disordered Junctions: Interaction Corrections


  We study current correlation functions in a diffusive junction out of
equilibrium. We calculate corrections to the electric current and to the zero
frequency shot noise due to electron-electron interactions. Contrary to the
equilibrium situation (where the corrections to the current and to the current
noise are related through the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT)), these two
quantities behave differently: the correction to the electron current are
governed by the largest of temperature and applied voltage, while the
correction to the shot noise is always governed by the temperature. PACS Nos.
71.10.Ay, 71.23.An, 73.50.Td

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148575 </DOCNO>
An Exact Solution to Seiberg-Witten Equation of Noncommutative Gauge


  We derive an exact expression for the Seiberg-Witten map of noncommutative
gauge theory. It is found by studying the coupling of the gauge field to the
Ramond-Ramond potentials in string theory. Our result also proves the earlier
conjecture by Liu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1275 </DOCNO>
Landau Diamagnetism in Noncommutative Space and the Nonextensive


  We consider the behavior of electrons in an external uniform magnetic field B
where the space coordinates perpendicular to B are taken as noncommuting. This
results in a generalization of standard thermodynamics. Calculating the
susceptibility, we find that the usual Landau diamagnetism is modified. We also
compute the susceptibility according to the nonextensive statistics of Tsallis
for (1-q)<<1, in terms of the factorization approach. Two methods agree under
certain conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129001 </DOCNO>
The influence of free neutrons on dynamics and radiation of


  We present arguments in favor of the presence of free neutrons in plasmas
generated by compact astrophysical objects and find conditions necessary for
the formation of the neutron component. The broad range of phenomena caused by
neutrons includes both dynamical (sources' variability, transition of fireballs
to the two-flow regime) and kinetic (fission of helium nuclei by neutrons,
electromagnetic cascade, emission in annihilation and nuclear lines, neutrino
losses) effects. The presented theory can be applied to internal regions of
accretion disks, jets in microquasars, and gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireballs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 712 </DOCNO>
Expected Shortfall as a Tool for Financial Risk Management


  We study the properties of Expected Shortfall from the point of view of
financial risk management. This measure --- which emerges as a natural remedy
in some cases where Value at Risk (VaR) is not able to distinguish portfolios
which bear different levels of risk --- is indeed shown to have much better
properties than VaR. We show in fact that unlike VaR this variable is in
general subadditive and therefore it is a Coherent Measure of Risk in the sense
of reference (artzner)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73830 </DOCNO>
Cross Sections and Lorentz Violation


  The derivation of cross sections and decay rates in the Lorentz-violating
standard-model extension is discussed. General features of the physics are
described, and some conceptual and calculational issues are addressed. As an
illustrative example, the cross section for the specific process of
electron-positron pair annihilation into two photons is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128779 </DOCNO>
Mass segregation in young compact star clusters in the Large Magellanic


  We have undertaken a detailed analysis of HST/WFPC2 and STIS imaging
observations, and of supplementary wide-field ground-based observations
obtained with the NTT of two young ~10-25 Myr) compact star clusters in the
LMC, NGC 1805 and NGC 1818. The ultimate goal of our work is to improve our
understanding of the degree of primordial mass segregation in star clusters.
This is crucial for the interpretation of observational luminosity functions
(LFs) in terms of the initial mass function (IMF), and for constraining the
universality of the IMF.
  We present evidence for strong luminosity segregation in both clusters. The
LF slopes steepen with cluster radius; in both NGC 1805 and NGC 1818 the LF
slopes reach a stable level well beyond the clusters' core or half-light radii.
In addition, the brightest cluster stars are strongly concentrated within the
inner ~4 R_hl.
  The global cluster LF, although strongly nonlinear, is fairly well
approximated by the core or half-light LF; the (annular) LFs at these radii are
dominated by the segregated high-luminosity stars, however.
  We present tentative evidence for the presence of an excess number of bright
stars surrounding NGC 1818, for which we argue that they are most likely
massive stars that have been collisionally ejected from the cluster core. We
therefore suggest that the cores of massive young stars clusters undergo
significant dynamical evolution, even on time-scales as short as ~25 Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98515 </DOCNO>
AF-equivalence relations and their cocycles


  After a review of some of the main results about hyperfinite equivalence
relations and their cocycles in the measured setting, we give a definition of a
topological AF-equivalence relation. We show that every cocycle is cohomologous
to a quasi-product cocycle. We then study the problem of determining the
quasi-invariant probability measures admitting a given cocycle as their
Radon-Nikodym derivative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129557 </DOCNO>
Timing analysis of the core of the Crab-like SNR G21.5-0.9


  The Crab-like SNR G21.5-0.9 was observed in the X-ray band (0.5-10 keV) by
the XMM-Newton satellite for over 100 ks. The large effective area of the EPIC
instrument has allowed us to to perform a deep search for pulsations from the
central core of G21.5-0.9. No pulsations were found with upper limits on the
pulsed fraction between 7.5 % and 40 % (depending on frequency and energy
range).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74196 </DOCNO>
Parametric amplification versus collisions: An illustrative application


  We investigate the time dependence of the quantum statistical model with
$\lambda \phi^4/4!$ self-interaction and consider the resulting induced
particle number density. For a special example in which the classical
approximation exhibits parametric resonance, the effects of the back reaction
and especially of collisions, treated in a perturbative way, are analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98701 </DOCNO>
A conditional Entropy Power Inequality for dependent variables


  We provide a condition under which a version of Shannon's Entropy Power
Inequality will hold for dependent variables. We provide information
inequalities extending those found in the independent case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1168 </DOCNO>
Non Linear Kinetics underlying Generalized Statistics


  The purpose of the present effort is threefold. Firstly, it is shown that
there exists a principle, that we call Kinetical Interaction Principle (KIP),
underlying the non linear kinetics in particle systems, independently on the
picture (Kramers, Boltzmann) used to describe their time evolution. Secondly,
the KIP imposes the form of the generalized entropy associated to the system
and permits to obtain the particle statistical distribution, both as stationary
solution of the non linear evolution equation and as the state which maximizes
the generalized entropy. Thirdly, the KIP allows, on one hand, to treat all the
classical or quantum statistical distributions already known in the literature
in a unifying scheme and, on the other hand, suggests how we can introduce
naturally new distributions. Finally, as a working example of the approach to
the non linear kinetics here presented, a new non extensive statistics is
constructed and studied starting from a one-parameter deformation of the
exponential function holding the relation $f(-x)f(x)=1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97806 </DOCNO>
Generically Finite Morphisms


  We consider the problem of birationally modifying a morphism of complete
varieties to make it a morphism from a nonsingular variety to a normal variety.
Our main result is to give a counterexample to this problem. This example also
is a counterexample to the related conjecture of Abhyankar on ``weak
simultaneous global resolution''.
  We also give some positive results. Forinstance, a positive result of this
kind is possible if we remove the separatedness condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148151 </DOCNO>
Scaling Dimensions of Lattice Quantized Gravity


  I discuss a model for quantized gravitation based on the simplicial lattice
discretization. It has been studied in some detail using a comprehensive finite
size scaling analysis combined with renormalization group methods. The results
are consistent with a value for the universal critical exponent for gravitation
$\nu=1/3$, and suggest a simple relationship between Newton's constant, the
gravitational correlation length and the observable average space-time
curvature. Some perhaps testable phenomenological implications are discussed,
such as the scale dependence of Newton's constant and properties of quantum
curvature fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40878 </DOCNO>
Prospects of measuring gluon fusion and weak boson fusion cross sections


  The possibility to observe a Higgs boson having a mass between 300 and 600
GeV and to measure its couplings to vector bosons and top quark with CMS at the
LHC is studied. Six different signatures are analyzed. The possibility to
separate the Higgs events produced through weak boson fusion from the Higgs
produced through gluon fusion using the forward going jets emitted in the weak
boson fusion process is discussed for each of these different channels. The
results are then used to determine the possible statistical errors on the ratio
between the two Higgs decay branching fractions when it decays into Ws and into
Zs and the possible statistical errors on the weak boson fusion and gluon
fusion cross sections after one year of LHC running.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124802 </DOCNO>
ISOCAM observations of the rho Ophiuchi cloud: Luminosity and mass


  We present the results of the first extensive mid-infrared (IR) imaging
survey of the rho Ophiuchi embedded cluster, performed with the ISOCAM camera
on board the ISO satellite. The main molecular cloud L1688, as well as L1689N
and L1689S, have been completely surveyed for point sources at 6.7 and 14.3
micron. A total of 425 sources are detected including 16 Class I, 123 Class II,
and 77 Class III young stellar objects (YSOs). Essentially all of the mid-IR
sources coincide with near-IR sources, but a large proportion of them are
recognized for the first time as YSOs. Our dual-wavelength survey allows us to
identify essentially all the YSOs with IR excess in the embedded cluster down
to Fnu ~ 10 - 15 mJy. It more than doubles the known population of Class II
YSOs and represents the most complete census to date of newly formed stars in
the rho Ophiuchi central region. The stellar luminosity function of the
complete sample of Class II YSOs is derived with a good accuracy down to L=
0.03 Lsun. A modeling of this lumino- sity function, using available pre-main
sequence tracks and plausible star for- mation histories, allows us to derive
the mass distribution of the Class II YSOs which arguably reflects the IMF of
the embedded cluster. We estimate that the IMF in rho Ophiuchi is well
described by a two-component power law with a low- mass index of -0.35+/-0.25,
a high-mass index of -1.7 (to be compared with the Salpeter value of -1.35),
and a break occurring at M = 0.55+/-0.25 Msun. This IMF is flat with no
evidence for a low-mass cutoff down to at least 0.06 Msun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3764 </DOCNO>
The anomalous 0.5 and 0.7 conductance plateaus in quantum point contacts


  The anomalous 0.5 and 0.7 conductance plateaus in quantum point contacts in
zero magnetic field are analyzed within a phenomenological model. The model
utilizes the Landauer-Buttiker formalism and involves enhanced spin
correlations and thermal depopulation of spin subbands. In particular we can
account for the plateau values 0.5 and 0.7, as well as the unusual temperature
and magnetic field dependences of the 0.7 plateau. Finally, the model predicts
the possibility of coexisting 0.5 and 0.7 plateaus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127901 </DOCNO>
Iterative map-making methods for Cosmic Microwave Background data


  The map-making process of Cosmic Microwave Background data involves linear
inversion problems which cannot be performed by a brute force approach for the
large timelines of most modern experiments. We present optimal iterative
map-making methods, both COBE and Wiener, and apply these methods on simulated
data. They produce very well restored maps, by removing nearly completely the
correlated noise that appears as intense stripes on the simply pixel-averaged
maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85703 </DOCNO>
Cosmic strings and the dilaton: a catastrophe ?


  We investigate the nature of an ordinary cosmic string vortex in a
scalar-tensor extension of gravity. We find that in this case, the extra scalar
(dilaton) field can act as a timelike current traveling along the string, and
localized into it, so that the corresponding string is in fact of the ``neutral
limit superconducting'' kind. Such currents, leading to the formation of vorton
states, might lead to an actual cosmological catastrophe from which one can
derive strong constraints on the relevant theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149476 </DOCNO>
D-brane Charges in Five-brane backgrounds


  We discuss the discrete Z_k D-brane charges (twisted K-theory charges) in
five-brane backgrounds from several different points of view. In particular, we
interpret it as a result of a standard Higgs mechanism. We show that certain
degrees of freedom (singletons) on the boundary of space can extend the
corresponding Z_k symmetry to U(1). Related ideas clarify the role of AdS
singletons in the AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76896 </DOCNO>
LMA MSW Solution from the Inverted Hierarchical Model of Neutrinos


  We examine whether the inverted hierarchical model of neutrinos is compatible
with the explanation of the large mixing angles (LMA)MSW solution of the solar
neutrino problem. The left-handed Majorana neutrino mass matrix for the
inverted hierarchical model, is generated through the seesaw mechanism using
the diagonal form of the Dirac neutrino mass matrix and the non-diagonal
texture of the right-handed Majorana mass matrix. In a model independent way,
we construct a specific form of the charged lepton mass matrix having a special
structure in 1-2 block, which contribution to the leptonic mixing (MNS) matrix
leads to the predictions $\sin^{2}2\theta_{12}=0.8517$,
$\sin^{2}2\theta_{23}=0.9494$, and $|V_{e3}|=0.159$ at the unification scale.
These predictions are found to be consistent with the LMA MSW solution of the
solar neutrino problem. The inverted hierarchical model is also found to be
stable against the quantum radiative corrections in the MSSM. A numerical
analysis of the renormalisation group equations (RGEs) in the MSSM shows a mild
decrease of the mixing angles with the decrease of energy scale and the
corresponding values of the neutrino mixings at the top-quark mass scale are
found as $\sin^{2}2\theta_{12}=0.8472$, $\sin^{2}2\theta_{23}=0.9399$,
$|V_{e3}|=0.1509$ respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126580 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo transition probabilities


  Transition probabilities governing the interaction of energy packets and
matter are derived that allow Monte Carlo NLTE transfer codes to be constructed
without simplifying the treatment of line formation. These probabilities are
such that the Monte Carlo calculation asymptotically recovers the local
emissivity of a gas in statistical equilibrium. Numerical experiments with
one-point statistical equilibrium problems for Fe II and Hydrogen confirm this
asymptotic behaviour. In addition, the resulting Monte Carlo emissivities are
shown to be far less sensitive to errors in the populations of the emitting
levels than are the values obtained with the basic emissivity formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96983 </DOCNO>
Computing the Face Lattice of a Polytope from its Vertex-Facet


  We give an algorithm that constructs the Hasse diagram of the face lattice of
a convex polytope P from its vertex-facet incidences in time O(min{n,m}*a*f),
where n is the number of vertices, m is the number of facets, a is the number
of vertex-facet incidences, and f is the total number of faces of P. This
improves results of Fukuda and Rosta (1994), who described an algorithm for
enumerating all faces of a d-polytope P in O(min{n,m}*d*f^2) steps. For simple
or simplicial d-polytopes our algorithm can be specialized to run in time
O(d*a*f). Furthermore, applications of the algorithm to other atomic lattices
are discussed, e.g., to face lattices of oriented matroids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 704 </DOCNO>
Free-Energy Calculations in Protein Folding by Generalized-Ensemble


  We review uses of the generalized-ensemble algorithms for free-energy
calculations in protein folding. Two of the well-known methods are
multicanonical algorithm and replica-exchange method; the latter is also
referred to as parallel tempering. We present a new generalized-ensemble
algorithm that combines the merits of the two methods; it is referred to as the
replica-exchange multicanonical algorithm. We also give a multidimensional
extension of the replica-exchange method. Its realization as an umbrella
sampling method, which we refer to as the replica-exchange umbrella sampling,
is a powerful algorithm that can give free energy in wide reaction coordinate
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95519 </DOCNO>
Operads, Algebras and Modules in General Model Categories


  In this paper we develop the theory of operads, algebras and modules in
cofibrantly generated symmetric monoidal model categories. We give J-semi model
strucures, which are a slightly weaker version of model structures, for operads
and algebras and model structures for modules. In a second part we develop the
thoery of S-modules of [EKMM]., which allows a general homotopy theory for
commutative algebras and pseudo unital symmetric monoidal categories of modules
over them. Finally we prove a base change and projection formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169076 </DOCNO>
Quantum Nonlocality for a Mixed Entangled Coherent State


  Quantum nonlocality is tested for an entangled coherent state, interacting
with a dissipative environment. A pure entangled coherent state violates Bell's
inequality regardless of its coherent amplitude. The higher the initial
nonlocality, the more rapidly quantum nonlocality is lost. The entangled
coherent state can also be investigated in the framework of $2\times2$ Hilbert
space. The quantum nonlocality persists longer in $2\times2$ Hilbert space.
When it decoheres it is found that the entangled coherent state fails the
nonlocality test, which contrasts with the fact that the decohered entangled
state is always entangled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124595 </DOCNO>
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from relic topological defects


  It is difficult for conventional sources to accelerate cosmic ray particles
to the highest energies that have been observed. Topological defects such as
monopoles and strings overcome this difficulty, because their natural energy
scale is at or above the observed energies. Monopoles connected by strings are
a particularly attractive source, because they would cluster in the galactic
halo and thus explain the absence of the GZK cutoff. Heavy monopoles connected
by light strings could last for the age of the universe as required. Further
observations might support this model by detection of the anisotropy due to the
halo, or might refute such models if strong clustering of arrival directions or
correlations with known astrophysical objects are confirmed. All top-down
models must contend with recent claims that the percentage of photons among the
cosmic rays is smaller than such models predict.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic ordering in superconducting ${\bf YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.5}}$


  Commensurate antiferromagnetic ordering has been observed in the
superconducting high-$Tc$ cuprate ${\rm YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{6.5}}$ (${\rm
T_{c}}$=55 K) by polarized and unpolarized elastic neutron scattering. The
magnetic peak intensity exhibits a marked enhancement at $T_{c}$. Zero-field
$\mu $SR experiments demonstrate that the staggered magnetization is not truly
static but fluctuates on a nanosecond time scale. These results point towards
an unusual spin density wave state coexisting with superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113385 </DOCNO>
Dependence of radio wave anomalous attenuation in the ionosphere on


  The paper presents theoretical study of the influence of shape of the spatial
spectrum of small-scale ionospheric irregularities on anomalous attenuation of
HF radio waves caused by multiple scattering. Several spectrum models are
considered. Relative contribution of different wave number regions of the
spectrum is investigated. The analysis of numerical calculations shows that the
shape of the irregularity spectrum can be determined from the distribution of
the signal attenuation on the Earth's surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128196 </DOCNO>
Effect of the environment on the Fundamental Plane of elliptical


  We present an analysis of the location of interacting E/S0 galaxies on the
Fundamental Plane (FP). Using the NEMO package, we performed N-body simulations
of close encounters and mergers of two self-gravitating spherical galaxies. Two
models for encounting galaxies - Plummer's and Hernquist's - were used. The
number of particles ranged from 20000 to 50000 per galaxy. The changes of
central density, half-mass radius and central velocity dispersion were
analysed. It was found that close encounters between galaxies alter noticeably
the above parameters within a very short time interval (10^7 - 10^8 years) just
before the final merger. The amplitudes of parameter changes strongly depend on
the initial mass concentration of a model. In some experiments we considered an
encounter of two spherical galaxies with dark matter components. The effect of
parameter changes was less pronounced than for the experiments without a dark
halo. The results of the simulations were used to discuss the FP for
interacting early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72882 </DOCNO>
Majorana Neutrinos, Neutrino Mass Spectrum, CP-Violation and


  Assuming mixing of three massive Majorana neutrinos, we study the
implications of the neutrino oscillation solutions of the solar and atmospheric
neutrino problems and of the results of the CHOOZ experiment for the
predictions of the effective Majorana mass in neutrinoless double beta decay,
|< m >|. The general case of CP-nonconservation is investigated. The predicted
values of |< m >|, depend strongly on the type of the neutrino mass spectrum,
on the solution of the solar neutrino problem, as well as on the values of the
two Majorana CP-violating phases, present in the lepton mixing matrix. We find
that i) $|< m >| \lesssim 0.02 $eV for a hierarchical neutrino mass spectrum,
ii) $|< m >| \lesssim 0.09 $eV if the spectrum is of the inverted hierarchy
type, and iii) $|< m >| \leq m$ in the case of three quasi-degenerate
neutrinos, m > 0 being the common neutrino mass scale which is limited by the
bounds from the $^3$H $\beta-$decay experiments, $m < 2.5 $eV. The observation
of the $(\beta \beta)_{0\nu}-$decay with a rate corresponding to $|< m >|
\gtrsim 0.02 $eV can provide unique information on the neutrino mass spectrum
and on the CP-violation in the lepton sector, and if CP-invariance holds - on
the relative CP-parities of the massive Majorana neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85975 </DOCNO>
An Improved Exact Riemann Solver for Relativistic Hydrodynamics


  A Riemann problem with prescribed initial conditions will produce one of
three possible wave patterns corresponding to the propagation of the different
discontinuities that will be produced once the system is allowed to relax. In
general, when solving the Riemann problem numerically, the determination of the
specific wave pattern produced is obtained through some initial guess which can
be successively discarded or improved. We here discuss a new procedure,
suitable for implementation in an exact Riemann solver in one dimension, which
removes the initial ambiguity in the wave pattern. In particular we focus our
attention on the relativistic velocity jump between the two initial states and
use this to determine, through some analytic conditions, the wave pattern
produced by the decay of the initial discontinuity. The exact Riemann problem
is then solved by means of calculating the root of a nonlinear equation.
Interestingly, in the case of two rarefaction waves, this root can even be
found analytically. Our procedure is straightforward to implement numerically
and improves the efficiency of numerical codes based on exact Riemann solvers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168225 </DOCNO>
Simultaneous intraportation of many quantum states within the quantum


  A scheme is proposed for simultaneous intraportation of many unknown quantum
states within a quantum computing network. It is shown that our scheme, much
different from the teleportation in the strict sense, can be very similar to
the original teleportation proposal[Phys.Rev.Lett.{\bf 70} (1993)1895)] and the
efficiency of the scheme for quantum state transmission is very high. The
possible applications of our scheme are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98518 </DOCNO>
Complete Lie algebras satisfying $\frak{g}=Der([\frak{g},\frak{g}])$


  We give examples of Lie complete algebras isomorphic to the derivations
algebra of a proper ideal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6970 </DOCNO>
Rough Surface Effect on Meissner Diamagnetism in Normal-layer of N-S


  Rough surface effect on the Meissner diamagnetic current in the normal layer
of proximity contact N-S bi-layer is investigated in the clean limit. The
diamagnetic current and the screening length are calculated by use of
quasi-classical Green's function. We show that the surface roughness has a
sizable effect, even when a normal layer width is large compared with the
coherence length $\xi =v_{\rm F}/\pi T_{\rm c}$. The effect is as large as that
of the impurity scattering and also as that of the finite reflection at the N-S
interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3558 </DOCNO>
Empirical investigation of a quantum field theory of forward rates


  A new test of a wide class of interest rate models is proposed and applied to
a recently developed quantum field theoretic model and the industry standard
Heath-Jarrow-Morton model. This test is independent of the volatility function
unlike other tests previously proposed in the literature. It is found that the
HJM model is inconsistent with the data while the quantum field theoretic model
is in significant agreement with data. We also show that a portion of the
spread between long and short term interest rates is explicable in terms of
this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86266 </DOCNO>
Quantum black hole inflation


  In this paper we follow a new approach for particle creation by a localized
strong gravitational field. The approach is based on a definition of the
physical vacuum drawn from Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Using the fact
that the gravitational field red-shifts the frequency modes of the vacuum, a
condition on the minimum stregth of the gravitational field required to achieve
real particle creation is derived. Application of this requirement on a
Schwartzchid black hole resulted in deducing an upper limit on the region,
outside the event horizon, where real particles can be created. Using this
regional upper limit, and considering particle creation by black holes as a
consequence of the Casimir effect, with the assumption that the created quanta
are to be added to the initial energy, we deduce a natural power law for the
development of the event horizon, and consequently a logarithmic law for the
area spectrum of an inflating black hole. Application of the results on a
cosmological model shows that if we start with a Planck-dimensional black hole,
then through the process of particle creation we end up with a universe having
the presently estimated critical density. Such a universe will be in a state of
eternal inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 52 </DOCNO>
A perturbative approach to the Bak-Sneppen Model


  We study the Bak-Sneppen model in the probabilistic framework of the Run Time
Statistics (RTS). This model has attracted a large interest for its simplicity
being a prototype for the whole class of models showing Self-Organized
Criticality. The dynamics is characterized by a self-organization of almost all
the species fitnesses above a non-trivial threshold value, and by a lack of
spatial and temporal characteristic scales. This results in {\em avalanches} of
activity power law distributed. In this letter we use the RTS approach to
compute the value of $x_c$, the value of the avalanche exponent $\tau$ and the
asymptotic distribution of minimal fitnesses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96336 </DOCNO>
Existence of Curves with Prescribed Topological Singularities


  Throughout this paper we study the existence of irreducible curves C on
smooth projective surfaces S with singular points of prescribed topological
types S_1,...,S_r. There are necessary conditions for the existence of the type
\sum_{i=1}^r \mu(S_i) < aC^2+bC.K+c+1 for some fixed divisor K on S and
suitable coefficients a, b and c, and the main sufficient condition that we
find is of the same type, saying it is asymptotically optimal. Even for the
case where S is the projective plane, ten years ago general results of this
quality have not been known.
  An important ingredient for the proof is a vanishing theorem for invertible
sheaves on the blown up S of the form O_{S'}(\pi^*D-\sum_{i=1}^r m_iE_i),
deduced from the Kawamata-Vieweg Vanishing Theorem. Its proof covers the first
part of the paper, while the middle part is devoted to the existence theorems.
In the last part we investigate our conditions on ruled surfaces, products of
elliptic curves, surfaces in projective 3-space, and K3-surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126676 </DOCNO>
The Local Ly-alpha forest: Association of absorbers with galaxies,


  We describe recent discoveries of low column density [N(HI) < 10^14.5 cm^-2]
H I Ly-alpha absorbers made with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), which have
allowed us a first look at gas in local intergalactic space between us and the
"Great Wall". Despite the mere 2.4m aperture of HST, these new observations
allow us to detect absorbers with column densities, N(HI) \approx 10^12.5
cm^-2, as low as those found using Keck/HIRES at high-z. Owing to the proximity
of these absorbers to the Earth, the 197 absorbers in our combined GHRS + STIS
sample (Penton, Stocke, & Shull 2001) provide our best view of the relationship
between these absorbers and galaxies, voids, and supercluster filaments. Unlike
previous results based on galaxy surveys near higher-N(HI) absorbers, we find
no evidence that these lower-N(HI) absorbers are extended galaxy halos. Rather,
the majority (78%) are associated with large-scale filamentary structures of
galaxies, while 22% are found in galaxy "voids". Since these Ly-alpha absorbers
are currently the only baryons detected in the voids, we use their properties
to estimate that the voids contain 4.5 (+/-1.5)% of the Universal baryon
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2861 </DOCNO>
Freezing in Ising Ferromagnets


  We investigate the final state of zero-temperature Ising ferromagnets which
are endowed with single-spin flip Glauber dynamics. Surprisingly, the ground
state is generally not reached for zero initial magnetization. In two
dimensions, the system either reaches a frozen stripe state with probability
approximately equal to 1/3 or the ground state with probability approximately
equal to 2/3. In greater than two dimensions, the probability to reach the
ground state or a frozen state rapidly vanishes as the system size increases
and the system wanders forever in an iso-energy set of metastable states. An
external magnetic field changes the situation drastically -- in two dimensions
the favorable ground state is always reached, while in three dimensions the
field must exceed a threshold value to reach the ground state. For small but
non-zero temperature, relaxation to the final state first proceeds by the
formation of very long-lived metastable states, similar to the zero-temperature
case, before equilibrium is reached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124086 </DOCNO>
Discovery of pulsations from the Be/X-ray binary RX J0101.3-7211 in the


  We report pulsations in the X-ray flux of RX J0101.3-7211 in the Small
Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with a period of 455+/-2 s in XMM-Newton EPIC-PN data.
The X-ray spectrum can be described by a power-law with a photon index of
0.6+/-0.1. Timing analysis of ROSAT PSPC and HRI archival data confirms the
pulsations and indicates a period increase of ~5 s since 1993. RX J0101.3-7211
varied in brightness during the ROSAT observations with timescales of years
with a maximum unabsorbed flux of 6 x 10^-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (0.1 - 2.4 keV).
The flux during the XMM-Newton observation in the ROSAT band was lower than
during the faintest ROSAT detection. The unabsorbed luminosity derived from the
EPIC-PN spectrum is 2 x 10^35 erg s^-1 (0.2 - 10.0 keV) assuming a distance of
60 kpc. Optical spectra of the proposed counterpart taken at the 2.3 m
telescope of MSSSO in Australia in August 2000 show strong Halpha emission and
indicate a Be star. The X-ray and optical data confirm RX J0101.3-7211 as a
Be/X-ray binary pulsar in the SMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 630 </DOCNO>
A new capacitive sensor for displacement measurement in a surface force


  We present a new capacitive sensor for displacement measurement in a Surface
Forces Apparatus (SFA) which allows dynamical measurements in the range of
0-100 Hz. This sensor measures the relative displacement between two
macroscopic opaque surfaces over periods of time ranging from milliseconds to
in principle an indefinite period, at a very low price and down to atomic
resolution. It consists of a plane capacitor, a high frequency oscillator, and
a high sensitivity frequency to voltage conversion. We use this sensor to study
the nanorheological properties of dodecane confined between glass surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5027 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic origin of universal fluctuations and two-power laws


  We discuss universality of response functions in systems with excited degrees
of freedom. We propose a unification of two existing phenomenologies, two-power
law decay and deviation from power law due to non-extensivity. A universal
curve is derived by maximizing entropy with a non-linear constraint. The same
formalism can explain the universal fluctuation curves which have been
discovered recently by Bramwell, Holdsworth, and Pinton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174850 </DOCNO>
Odd-Even Staggering in Octupole Bands of Actinides and Rare Earths:


  ``Beat'' patterns are shown to appear in the octupole bands of several
actinides and rare earths, their appearance being independent from the formula
used in order to isolate and demonstrate them. It is shown that the recent
formalism, making use of discrete approximations to derivatives of the
transition energies (or of the energy levels) gives results consistent with the
traditional formulae. In both regions it is seen that the first vanishing of
the staggering occurs at higher values of the angular momentum I in nuclei
exhibiting higher staggering at low I. Since these nuclei happen to be good
rotators, the observed slow decrease of the amplitude of the staggering with
increasing I is in good agreement with the parameter independent predictions of
the su(3) (rotational) limit of several algebraic models. In the actinides it
has been found that within each series of isotopes the odd-even staggering
exhibits minima at N=134 and N=146, while a local maximum is shown at N=142,
these findings being in agreement with the recent suggestion of a secondary
maximum of octupole deformation around N=146.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124766 </DOCNO>
Submillimeter Imaging Polarimetry of the NGC 7538 Region


  Imaging polarimetry of the 0.85mm continuum emission in the NGC 7538 region,
obtained with the SCUBA Polarimeter, is presented. The polarization map is
interpreted in terms of thermal radiation by magnetically aligned dust grains.
Two prominent cores associated with IRS 1 and IRS 11, IRS 1(SMM) and IRS
11(SMM), are found in the surface brightness map. Although these cores look
similar in surface brightness, their polarization shows striking differences.
In IRS 11(SMM), the polarization vectors are extremely well ordered, and the
degrees of polarization are quite high with an average of ~3.9 %. In IRS
1(SMM), on the other hand, the directions of polarization vectors are locally
disturbed, and the degrees of polarization are much lower than those of IRS
11(SMM). These differences suggest that small scale fluctuations of the
magnetic field are more prominent in IRS 1(SMM). This can be interpreted in
terms of the difference in evolutionary stage of the cores. Inside IRS 1(SMM),
which seems to be at a later evolutionary stage than IRS 11(SMM), substructures
such as subclumps or a cluster of infrared sources have already formed. Small
scale fluctuations in the magnetic field could have developed during the
formation of these substructures. The distribution of magnetic field directions
derived from our polarization map agrees well with those of molecular outflows
associated with IRS 1(SMM) and IRS 11(SMM). Comparisons of energy densities
between the magnetic field and the outflows show that the magnetic field
probably plays an important role in guiding the directions of the outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149278 </DOCNO>
Consistent Quantization of Noncommutative D-brane in Non-constant B


  We perform the consistent quantization of open string D-brane in non-constant
NS-NS closed string B field background by directly imposing the worldsheet
conformal symmetry. In addition to the previous noncommutative D-brane
coordinates quantization with constant noncommutative parameter $\theta $, we
obtain a set of constraints on the B field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98616 </DOCNO>
On the uniphase steady solutions of the nonlinear damped wave equation


  We study the steady uniphase and multiphase solutions of the discretized
nonlinear damped wave equation.Conditions for the stability abd instability of
the steady solutions are given;in the instability case the linear stable and
unstable associated manifolds are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168840 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric approach for generating quasi-exactly solvable potentials


  Using supersymmetric quantum mechanics we construct the quasi-exactly
solvable (QES) potentials with arbitrary two known eigenstates. The QES
potential and the wave functions of the two energy levels are expressed by some
generating function the properties of which determine the state numbers of
these levels. Choosing different generating functions we present a few explicit
examples of the QES potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73901 </DOCNO>
Subtraction method for NLO corrections in Monte-Carlo event generators


  We use a subtraction method to construct NLO corrections in a Monte-Carlo
event generator for the case of vector boson production in Drell-Yan processes.
Our calculations are carried out both for the Bengtsson-Sjostrand-van Zijl
(BSZ) algorithm and for a modified algorithm proposed by Collins. In the case
of the modified algorithm, we compute the relation between the parton
distribution functions and the ones in the MSbar scheme; this relation is the
same as the corresponding relation for DIS. For the BSZ algorithm, we show that
there is no simple relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123364 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Discovery of Brown Dwarf-like Secondary Stars in the


  Infrared spectroscopic observations of LL Andromedae and EF Eridani are
presented. Our K band spectrum of LL Andromedae reveals the presence of methane
absorption in the secondary star indicating an effective temperature less than
1300K, similar to a "T" type methane brown dwarf. The secondary star in EF
Eridani is seen to be warmer with an effective temperature of ~1650K and a
spectroscopic classification consistent with an L4-5 star. Both secondaries
have theoretical mass estimates of 0.04-0.055 solar masses (40-55 Jupiter
masses). Our IR spectroscopic observations of LL And and EF Eri provide the
first direct proof of the theoretical prediction that post-period minimum
cataclysmic variables contain brown dwarf-like secondary stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1434 </DOCNO>
The susceptibility of the square lattice Ising model: New developments


  We have made substantial advances in elucidating the properties of the
susceptibility of the square lattice Ising model. We discuss its analyticity
properties, certain closed form expressions for subsets of the coefficients,
and give an algorithm of complexity O(N^6) to determine its first N
coefficients. As a result, we have generated and analyzed series with more than
300 terms in both the high- and low-temperature regime. We quantify the effect
of irrelevant variables to the scaling-amplitude functions. In particular, we
find and quantify the breakdown of simple scaling, in the absence of irrelevant
scaling fields, arising first at order |T-T_c|^{9/4}, though high-low
temperature symmetry is still preserved. At terms of order |T-T_c|^{17/4} and
beyond, this symmetry is no longer present. The short-distance terms are shown
to have the form (T-T_c)^p(log|T-T_c|)^q with p \ge q^2. Conjectured exact
expressions for some correlation functions and series coefficients in terms of
elliptic theta functions also foreshadow future developments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113415 </DOCNO>
Polarization dynamics of femtosecond pulses propagating in air


  Polarization dynamics of femtosecond light pulses propagating in air is
studied by computer simulation. A rich variety of dynamics is found that
depends on the initial polarization state and power of the pulse. Effects of
polarization on the plasma and supercontinuum generation are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126281 </DOCNO>
On the state of low luminous accreting neutron stars


  Observational appearance of a neutron star in the subsonic propeller state
which is a companion of a wind-fed mass-exchange close binary system is
discussed. During the subsonic propeller state the neutron star magnetosphere
is surrounded by a spherical quasi-static plasma envelope, which is extended
from the magnetospheric boundary up to the star accretion radius. The energy
input to the envelope due to the propeller action by the neutron star exceeds
the radiative losses and the plasma temperature in the envelope is of the order
of the free-fall temperature. Under this condition the magnetospheric boundary
is interchange stable. Nevertheless, I find that the rate of plasma penetration
from the envelope into the magnetic field of the neutron star due to diffusion
and magnetic field line reconnection processes is large enough for the
accretion power to dominate the spindown power. I show that the accretion
luminosity of the neutron star in the subsonic propeller state is 5*10**{30} -
10**{33} (dM/dt)_{15} erg/s, where dM/dt is the strength of the normal
companion stellar wind which is parametrized in terms of the maximum possible
mass accretion rate onto the neutron star magnetosphere. On this basis I
suggest that neutron stars in the subsonic propeller state are expected to be
observed as low luminous accretion-powered pulsars. The magnetospheric radius
of the neutron star in this state is determined by the strength of the stellar
wind, (dM/dt)_c, while the accretion luminosity is determined by the rate of
plasma penetration into the star magnetosphere, (dM/dt)_a, which is (dM/dt)_a
<< (dM/dt)_c. That is why the classification of the neutron star state in these
objects using the steady accretion model (i.e. setting (dM/dt)_a = (dM/dt)_c)
can lead to a mistaken conclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 870 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect induced by a magnetic field


  We study peculiarities of transport through a Coulomb blockade system tuned
to the vicinity of the spin transition in its ground state. Such transitions
can be induced in practice by application of a magnetic field. Tunneling of
electrons between the dot and leads mixes the states belonging to the ground
state manifold of the dot. Remarkably, both the orbital and spin degrees of
freedom of the electrons are engaged in the mixing at the singlet-triplet
transition point. We present a model which provides an adequate theoretical
description of recent experiments with semiconductor quantum dots and carbon
nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1870 </DOCNO>
Evidence of ultra-slow polaron dynamics in low-doped manganites from


  We report a 139La NMR investigation of low-doped insulating manganite samples
(LaMnO(3+y) and La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3+y)) as a function of temperature. A volume
fraction with fast nuclear relaxations was revealed by the inhomogeneous loss
of the NMR signal over a broad temperature interval. Comparison with muSR data
demonstrates that the wipe out of the 139La signal is mainly due to slowly
fluctuating electric field gradients. This provides strong evidence for the
slow diffusion of lattice excitations, identified with Jahn-Teller small
polarons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113983 </DOCNO>
Subthermal linewidths in photoassociation spectra of cold alkaline earth


  Narrow s-wave features with subthermal widths are predicted for the ^1Pi_g
photoassociation spectra of cold alkaline earth atoms. The phenomenon is
explained by numerical and analytical calculations. These show that only a
small subthermal range of collision energies near threshold contributes to the
s-wave features that are excited when the atoms are very far apart. The
resonances survive thermal averaging, and may be detectable for Ca cooled near
the Doppler cooling temperature of the 4^1P <- 4^1S laser cooling transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96010 </DOCNO>
Tensor product varieties and crystals. GL case


  The role of Spaltenstein varieties in the tensor product for GL is explained.
In particular a direct (non-combinatorial) proof of the fact that the number of
irreducible components of a Spaltenstein variety is equal to a
Littlewood-Richardson coefficient (i.e. certain tensor product multiplicity) is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2756 </DOCNO>
Quantum nature of dislocations in pure bcc Helium


  Recent experiments show the thermal growth of dislocation lines in unlta-pure
bcc $^{3}$He. The activation energy for the growth of the dislocation lines is
found to agree with the activation energy of mass diffusion. We propose that
these dislocations are topological defects in the phase of the complex
order-parameter which describes the dynamic zero-point atomic correlations,
unique to the bcc phase. These is a shear strain field associated with these
topological defects. We show that the smallest topological defect is a
localized excitation, a loop-defect, which leads to the exponential growth of
the dislocation lines with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129675 </DOCNO>
A Solar Neighborhood Search for Tidal Debris from Omega Centauri's


  Recent stellar populations and chemical abundance studies point to an
accreted origin of omega Cen. In this light, and given the retrograde, small
size orbit of omega Cen, we search for a kinematical signature left by bits
hypothetical parent galaxy in the Solar neighborhood. We analyze the
largets-to-date sample of metal poor stars (Beers et al. 2000) and we find
that, in the metallicity range -2.0 < [Fe/H] <= -1.5, a retrograde signature
that departs from the characteristics of the inner halo, and that resembles
omega Cen's orbit, can be identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2255 </DOCNO>
A Transient Instability in Thin Films of nCB Liquid Crystals


  A transient surface instability is reported in thin nematic films of 5CB and
8CB, occurring near the nematic-isotropic phase transition. Although this
instability leads to patterns reminiscent of spinodal dewetting, we show that
it is actually based on a nucleation mechanism. Its characteristic wavelength
does not depend markedly on film thickness, but strongly on the heating rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97849 </DOCNO>
Branched covers of tangles in three-balls


  We give an algorithm for a surgery description of a $p$-fold cyclic branched
cover of $B^3$ branched along a tangle. We generalize constructions of
Montesinos and Akbulut-Kirby.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179635 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic structure of the deuteron


  Recent measurements of the deuteron electromagnetic structure functions A, B,
and $T_{20}$ extracted from high energy elastic $ed$ scattering, and the cross
sections and asymmetries extracted from high energy photodisintegration
$\gamma+d\to n+p$, are reviewed and compared to theory. The theoretical
calculations range from nonrelativistic and relativistic models using the
traditional meson and baryon degrees of freedom, to effective field theories,
to models based on the underlying quark and gluon degrees of freedom of QCD,
including nonperturbative quark cluster models and perturbative QCD. We review
what has been learned from these experiments, and discuss why elastic $ed$
scattering and photodisintegration seem to require very different theoretical
approaches, even though they are closely related experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179670 </DOCNO>
Study of system- size effects in multi- fragmentation using Quantum


  We report, for the first time, the dependence of the multiplicity of
different fragments on the system size employing a quantum molecular dynamics
model. This dependence is extracted from the simulations of symmetric
collisions of Ca+Ca, Ni+Ni, Nb+Nb, Xe+Xe, Er+Er, Au+Au and U+U at incident
energies between 50 A MeV and 1 A GeV. We find that the multiplicity of
different fragments scales with the size of the system which can be
parameterized by a simple power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96150 </DOCNO>
Base spaces of non-isotrivial families of smooth minimal models


  Let f: V ---> U be a smooth non-isotrivial family of canonically polarized
n-dimensional complex manifolds, where U is the complement of a normal crossing
divisor S in a projective manifold Y. We show that some symmetric product of
the sheaf of one-forms with logarithmic poles along S contains an invertible
subsheaf of positive Kodaira dimension. As a corollary one finds that U can not
be a complete intersection in the projective N space of codimension l < N/2,
nor the complement of l general hyperplanes, for l < N. Moreover, as shown by
S. Kovacs before, U can not be a projective manifold with a nef tangent bundle.
  If the induced morphism to the moduli scheme is generically finite, one can
also exclude U to be the product of more than n curves. Moreover, the existence
of the family forces the automorphism group of U to be finite.
  Most of those results carry over to smooth families f:V ---> U, with an
f-semi-ample dualizing sheaf, provided f is of maximal variation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129149 </DOCNO>
Globular Clusters and the Mira Period-Luminosity Relation


  A globular cluster distance scale based on Hipparcos parallaxes of subdwarfs
has been used to derive estimates of M_K for cluster Miras, including one in
the SMC globular cluster NGC121. These lead to a zero-point of the Mira
infrared period-luminosity relation, PL(K), in good agreement with that derived
from Hipparcos parallaxes of nearby field Miras. The mean of these two
estimates together with data on LMC Miras yields an LMC distance modulus of
18.60 +/- 0.10 in evident agreement with a metallicity corrected Cepheid
modulus (18.59 +/- 0.10).
 The use of luminous AGB stars as extragalactic population indicators is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75416 </DOCNO>
Spectra in Standard-like Z_3 Orbifold Models


  General features of the spectra of matter states in all 175 models found in a
previous work by the author are discussed. Only twenty patterns of
representations are found to occur. Accomodation of the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM) spectrum is addressed. States beyond those contained in
the MSSM and nonstandard hypercharge normalization are shown to be generic,
though some models do allow for the usual hypercharge normalization found in
SU(5) embeddings of the Standard Model gauge group. The minimum value of the
hypercharge normalization consistent with accomodation of the MSSM is
determined for each model. In some cases, the normalization can be smaller than
that corresponding to an SU(5) embedding of the Standard Model gauge group,
similar to what has been found in free fermionic models. Bizzare hypercharges
typically occur for exotic states, allowing for matter which does not occur in
the decomposition of SU(5) representations---a result which has been noted many
times before in four-dimensional string models. Only one of the twenty patterns
of representations, comprising seven of the 175 models, is found to be without
an anomalous U(1). The sizes of nonvanishing vacuum expectation values induced
by the anomalous U(1) are studied. It is found that large radius moduli
stabilization may lead to the breakdown of sigma-model perturbativity. Various
quantities of interest in effective supergravity model building are tabulated
for the set of 175 models. In particular, it is found that string moduli masses
appear to be generically quite near the gravitino mass. String scale gauge
coupling unification is shown to be possible, albeit contrived, in an example
model. The intermediate scales of exotic particles are estimated and the degree
of fine-tuning is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74057 </DOCNO>
On the Angular Dependence of the Radiative Gluon Spectrum


  The induced momentum spectrum of soft gluons radiated from a high energy
quark produced in and propagating through a QCD medium is reexamined in the
BDMPS formalism. A mistake in our published work (Physical Review C60 (1999)
064902) is corrected. The correct dependence of the fractional induced loss
$R(\theta_{{\rm cone}})$ as a universal function of the variable
$\theta^2_{{\rm cone}} L^3 \hat q$ where $L$ is the size of the medium and
$\hat q$ the transport coefficient is presented. We add the proof that the
radiated gluon momentum spectrum derived in our formalism is equivalent with
the one derived in the Zakharov-Wiedemann approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1742 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group study of the Sliding Luttinger liquids


  We derive the RG-flow equations of the sliding Luttinger liquid perturbed by
charge-density-wave (CDW) and superconducting (SC) operators. Using them we
study the phase diagram of an array of XXZ spin chains coupled by Ising terms.
In the weak coupling regime we find a new class of non-gaussian and unstable
fixed points whose existence is due to a balance between the CDW, SC and
sliding Luttinger couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7540 </DOCNO>
Attractive forces between circular polyions of the same charge


  We study two models of ringlike polyions which are two-dimensional versions
of simple models for colloidal particles (model A) and for rodlike segments of
DNA (model B), both in solution with counterions. The counterions may
condensate on Z sites of the polyions, and we suppose the number of condensed
counterions on each polyion n to be fixed. The exact free energy of a pair of
polyions is calculated for not too large values of Z, and for both models we
find that attractive forces appear between the rings even when the condensed
counterions do not neutralize the total charge of the polyions. This force is
due to correlations between the condensed counterions and in general becomes
smaller as the temperature is increased. For model A a divergent force may
appear as the separation between the rings vanishes, and this makes an
analytical study possible for this model and for vanishing separation, showing
a universal behavior in this limit. Attractive forces are found for model A if
the valence of the counterions is larger than one. For model B, no such
divergences are present, and attractive forces are found for a finite range of
values of the couterion valence, which depends of Z, n, and the temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5623 </DOCNO>
Mixing and equilibration: Protagonists in the scene of nonextensive


  After a brief review of the present status of nonextensive statistical
mechanics, we present a conjectural scenario where mixing (characterized by the
entropic index $q_{mix} \le 1$) and equilibration (characterized by the
entropic index $q_{eq} \ge 1$) play central and inter-related roles, and appear
to determine {\it a priori} the values of the relevant indices of the
formalism. Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics is recovered as the
$q_{mix}=q_{eq}=1$ particular case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76224 </DOCNO>
Strong Gravitational Lensing and Dark Energy


  We investigate the statistics of gravitational lenses in flat, low-density
cosmological models with different cosmic equations of state w. We compute the
lensing probabilities as a function of image separation \theta using a lens
population described by the mass function of Jenkins et al. and modeled as
singular isothermal spheres on galactic scales and as Navarro, Frenk & White
halos on cluster scales. It is found that COBE-normalized models with w > - 0.4
produce too few arcsecond-scale lenses in comparison with the JVAS/CLASS radio
survey, a result that is consistent with other observational constraints on w.
The wide-separation (\theta > 4'') lensing rate is a particularly sensitive
probe of both w and the halo mass concentration. The absence of these systems
in the current JVAS/CLASS data excludes highly concentrated halos in w < -0.7
models. The constraints can be improved by ongoing and future lensing surveys
of > 10^5 sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 945 </DOCNO>
Formulation of thermodynamics for the glassy state: configurational


  Glass is an under-cooled liquid that very slowly relaxes towards the
equilibrium crystalline state. Its energy balance is ill understood, since it
is widely believed that the glassy state cannot be described thermodynamically.
However, the classical paradoxes involving the Ehrenfest relations and
Prigogine-Defay ratio can be explained when the `effective' or `fictive'
temperature of the slow modes is taken as additional system parameter. Having
straigtened out the proper picture, it is interesting to reconsider glass from
a thermodynamic viewpoint. A shard of glass, kept at fixed temperature and
volume, relaxes towards lower energy. Heat is released, inducing apparent
violations of all basic thermodynamic laws. The most interesting application is
to use glassy or amorphous systems as a source of energy, by extracting the
configurational energy in a process of melting followed by crystallization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72405 </DOCNO>
The skewed quark distribution of the pion at large momentum transfer


  We derive an explicit and model-independent representation for the skewed
quark distribution of the pion in the limit of large momentum transfer. Our
result is expressed in terms of the conventional pion distribution amplitudes
and complies with known properties of skewed parton distributions such as
symmetry and polynomiality conditions. The continuity of the result at the
points $\pm\xi$ is manifest, whereas its derivatives exhibit discontinuities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168876 </DOCNO>
On the Squeezed Number States and their Phase Space Representations


  We compute the photon number distribution, the Q distribution function and
the wave functions in the momentum and position representation for a single
mode squeezed number state. We discuss the oscillations which appear in the
photon number distribution of squeezed number states for high values of the
squeezing parameter. We compare our results with the formalism based on the
interference in phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129247 </DOCNO>
Variability of the X-ray P Cygni Line Profiles from Circinus X-1 Near


  The luminous X-ray binary Circinus X-1 has been observed twice near zero
orbital phase using the High-Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS)
onboard Chandra. The source was in a high-flux state during a flare for the
first observation, and it was in a low-flux state during a dip for the second.
Spectra from both flux states show clear P Cygni lines, predominantly from
H-like and He-like ion species. These indicate the presence of a high-velocity
outflow from the Cir X-1 system which we interpret as an equatorial
accretion-disk wind, and from the blueshifted resonance absorption lines we
determine outflow velocities of 200 - 1900 km/s with no clear velocity
differences between the two flux states. The line strengths and profiles,
however, are strongly variable both between the two observations as well as
within the individual observations. We characterize this variability and
suggest that it is due to both changes in the amount of absorbing material
along the line of sight as well as changes in the ionization level of the wind.
We also refine constraints on the accretion-disk wind model using improved
plasma diagnostics such as the He-like Mg XI triplet, and we consider the
possibility that the X-ray absorption features seen from superluminal jet
sources can generally be explained via high-velocity outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167981 </DOCNO>
Rapid and slow decoherence in conjunction with dissipation in a system


  We investigate the time evolution of a superposition of macroscopically
distinct quantum states in a system of two-level atoms interacting with a
thermal environment of photon modes. We show that the atomic coherent states
are robust against decoherence, therefore we call their superpositions atomic
Schr\"{o}dinger cat states. The initial fast regime of the time evolution is
associated with the process of decoherence, and it is directed towards the
statistical mixture of the constituent coherent states of the original state
for most of the initial conditions. However, certain superpositions, called
symmetric, exhibit exceptionally slow decoherence. By introducing a new
measure, we generalize the usual decoherence scheme regarding the evolution of
the state to account also for the symmetric case. To stress the fact that the
environment preserves symmetric superpositions much longer than the other
ones,we present Wigner function images of the decoherence of a suitably
oriented four component cat state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73130 </DOCNO>
From Surface Roughening to QCD String Theory


  Surface critical phenomena and the related onset of Goldstone modes represent
fundamental properties of the confining flux in Quantum Chromodynamics. New
ideas on surface roughening and their implications for lattice studies of quark
confinement and string formation are presented. Problems with a simple string
description of the large Wilson surface are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87174 </DOCNO>
Multidimensional Homogeneous Cosmological Models in Wesson Theory of


  Higher dimensional solutions are obtained for a homogeneous, spatially
isotropic cosmological model in Wesson theory of gravitation. Some cosmological
parameter are also calculated for this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86666 </DOCNO>
Causal monotonicity, omniscient foliations and the shape of space


  What is the shape of space in a spacetime? One way of addressing this issue
is to consider edgeless spacelike submanifolds of the spacetime. An alternative
is to foliate the spacetime by timelike curves and consider the quotient
obtained by identifying points on the same timelike curve. In this article we
investigate each of these notions and obtain conditions such that it yields a
meaningful shape of space. We also consider the relationship between these two
notions and find conditions for the quotient space to be diffeomorphic to any
edgeless spacelike hypersurface. In particular, we find conditions in which
merely local behavior (being spacelike) combined with the correct behavior on
the homotopy level guarantees that a putative shape of space really is
precisely that.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2558 </DOCNO>
Locality properties and Wannier functions for interacting systems


  We define Wannier functions for interacting systems, and show that the
results on the localization of the Wannier functions for non-interacting
systems carry over to the Wannier functions for interacting systems. In
addition we demonstrate that the characterization of metals and insulators by
the decay properties of their respective density matrices does not only apply
to non-interacting, but also to interacting systems. As a prototypical example
of a correlated system we investigate the one-dimensional Hubbard model. We
propose an expression for the density matrix of that model, and derive a
relation between the decay constant of the density matrix and the gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96989 </DOCNO>
Periodic trajectories in 3-dimensional convex billiards


  We give lower bound on the number of periodic billiard trajectories inside a
generic smooth strictly convex closed surface in 3-space: for odd n, there are
at least 2(n-1) such trajectories. We apply a topological approach based on the
calculation of cohomology of certain configuration spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97316 </DOCNO>
Integrable Hierarchy for Multidimensional Toda Equations and


  The negative symmetry flows are incorporated into the Riemann-Hilbert problem
for the homogeneous $A_m$-hierarchy and its $\hat{gl} (m+1, C)$ extension. A
loop group automorphism of order two is used to define a sub-hierarchy of
$\hat{gl} (m+1, C)$ hierarchy containing only the odd symmetry flows. The
positive and negative flows of the $\pm 1$ grade coincide with equations of the
multidimensional Toda model and of topological-anti-topological fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149136 </DOCNO>
Boundary S matrices with N=2 supersymmetry


  We propose the exact boundary S matrix for breathers of the N=2
supersymmetric sine-Gordon model. We argue that this S matrix has three
independent parameters, in agreement with a recently-proposed action. We also
show, contrary to a previous claim, that the ``universal'' supersymmetric
boundary S matrix commutes with two supersymmetry charges. General N=2
supersymmetric boundary integrable models are expected to have boundary S
matrices with a similar structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128334 </DOCNO>
Multifrequency Study of The Radio Galaxy NGC326


  We present the results of a multi-frequency study of the inversion symmetric
radio galaxy NGC326 based on Very Large Array observations at 1.4, 1.6, 4.8,
8.5 and 14.9 GHz. The morphological, spectral and polarization properties of
this peculiar object are studied at different levels of spatial resolutions.
The interpretation of the data will be discussed in forthcoming papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4154 </DOCNO>
The Heumann-Hotzel model for aging revisited


  Since its proposition in 1995, the Heumann-Hotzel model has remained as an
obscure model of biological aging. The main arguments used against it were its
apparent inability to describe populations with many age intervals and its
failure to prevent a population extinction when only deleterious mutations are
present. We find that with a simple and minor change in the model these
difficulties can be surmounted. Our numerical simulations show a plethora of
interesting features: the catastrophic senescence, the Gompertz law and that
postponing the reproduction increases the survival probability, as has already
been experimentally confirmed for the Drosophila fly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72873 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Response from Transport Theory and Quantum Field Theory at


  We study nonlinear response in weakly coupled hot $\phi^4$ theory. We obtain
an expression for a quadratic shear viscous response coefficient using two
different formalisms: transport theory and response theory. The transport
theory calculation is carried out by assuming a local equilibrium form for the
distribution function and expanding in the gradient of the local four
dimensional velocity field. By doing a gradient expansion on the Boltzmann
equation we obtain a hierarchy of equations for the coefficients of this
expansion.To do the response theory calculation we use Zubrave's techniques in
nonequilibrium statistical mechanics to derive a generalized Kubo formula.
Using this formula allows us to obtain the quadratic shear viscous response
from the three-point retarded green function of the viscous shear stress
tensor. We use the closed time path formalism of real time finite temperature
field theoryto show that this three-point function can be calculated using
equilibrium quantum field theory by writing it as an integral equation
involving a four-point vertex. This four-point vertex can in turn be obtained
from an integral equation which represents the resummation of an infinite
series of ladder and extended-ladder diagrams.The connection between transport
theory and response theory is made when we show that the integral equation for
this four-point vertex has exactly the same form as the equation obtained from
the Boltzmann equation for the coefficient of the quadratic term of the
gradient expansion of the distribution function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1678 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Operator Quantization of Strongly Nonlinear Fields


  At the moment the algebra of strongly interacting fields is unknown. In this
paper it is supposed that the operators of strongly nonlinear field can make up
a nonassociative algebra. It is shown that such algebra can describe by a
natural way the formation of pairs. The comparison with the Green's functions
method in the superconductivity theory is made. A possible application for the
QCD and High-T$_c$ superconductivity theory is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179249 </DOCNO>
Signature inversion in axially deformed $^{160,162}$Tm


  The microscopic analysis of experimental data in $^{160,162}$Tm is presented
within the two-quasiparticle-phonon model. The model includes the interaction
between odd quasiparticles and their coupling with core vibrations. The
coupling explains naturally the attenuation of the Coriolis interaction in
rotating odd-odd nuclei. It is shown that the competition between the Coriolis
and neutron-proton interactions is responsible for the signature inversion
phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148453 </DOCNO>
Topological Mass vs. Dynamical Mass: Novelty in (2+1)-dimensional


  The restriction of space-time dimensions to "2+1" leads us to a novel quantum
field theory which has the Chern-Simons term in its action. This term changes
the nature of gauge interaction by giving a so-called topological mass to a
gauge field without breaking the gauge symmetry. We investigate how a dynamical
mass of fermion is affected by the topological mass in the non-perturbative
Schwinger-Dyson method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1766 </DOCNO>
Random interactions and spin-glass thermodynamic transition in the


  Magnetization, DC and AC bulk susceptibility of the $S$=1 Haldane chain
system doped with electronic holes, Y$_{2-x}$Ca$_x$BaNiO$_5$
(0$\leq$x$\leq$0.20), have been measured and analyzed. The most striking
results are (i) a sub-Curie power law behavior of the linear susceptibility,
$\chi (T)$$\sim $ $T$$^{-\alpha}$, for temperature lower than the Haldane gap
of the undoped compound (x=0) (ii) the existence of a spin-glass thermodynamic
transition at $T$$_g$ = 2-3 K. These findings are consistent with (i) random
couplings within the chains between the spin degrees of freedom induced by hole
doping, (ii) the existence of ferromagnetic bonds that induce magnetic
frustration when interchain interactions come into play at low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1610 </DOCNO>
Incoherent Interplane Conductivity of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br


  The interplane optical spectrum of the organic superconductor
kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br was investigated in the frequency range from 40
to 40,000 cm-1. The optical conductivity was obtained by Kramers-Kronig
analysis of the reflectance. The absence of a Drude peak at low frequency is
consistent with incoherent conductivity but in apparent contradiction to the
metallic temperature dependence of the DC resistivity. We set an upper limit to
the interplane transfer integral of tb = 0.1 meV. A model of defect-assisted
interplane transport can account for this discrepancy. We also assign the
phonon lines in the conductivity to the asymmetric modes of the ET molecule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86795 </DOCNO>
Spherically symmetric scalar vacuum: no-go theorems, black holes and


  We prove some theorems characterizing the global properties of static,
spherically symmetric configurations of a self-gravitating real scalar field in
general relativity (GR) in various dimensions, with an arbitrary potential $V$,
not necessarily positive-definite. The results are extended to sigma models,
scalar-tensor and curvature-nonlinear theories of gravity. We show that the
list of all possible types of space-time causal structure in the models under
study is the same as for a constant scalar field, namely, Minkowski (or AdS),
Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Schwarzschild - de Sitter, and all horizons are
simple. In particular, these theories do not admit regular black holes with any
asymptotics. Some special features of (2+1)D gravity are revealed. We give
examples of two types of asymptotically flat configurations with positive mass
in GR, admitted by the above theorems: (i) a black hole with nontrivial
``scalar hair'' and (ii) a particlelike solution with a regular centre; in both
cases, the potential $V$ must be at least partly negative. We also discuss the
global effects of conformal mappings that connect different theories. Such
effects are illustrated for solutions with a conformal scalar field in GR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6677 </DOCNO>
Capacitance of a quantum dot from the channel-anisotropic two-channel


  We investigate the charge fluctuations of a large quantum dot coupled to a
two-dimensional electron gas via a quantum point contact following the work of
Matveev. We limit our discussion to the case where exactly two channels enter
the dot and we discuss the role of an anisotropy between the transmission
coefficients (for these two channels) at the constriction. Experimentally, a
channel-anisotropy can be introduced applying a relatively weak in-plane
magnetic field to the system when only one ``orbital'' channel is open. The
magnetic field leads to different transmission amplitudes for spin-up and
spin-down electrons.
 In a strong magnetic field the anisotropic two-channel limit corresponds to
two (spin-polarized) orbital channels entering the dot.
 The physics of the charge fluctuations can be captured using a mapping on the
channel-anisotropic two-channel Kondo model. For the case of weak reflection at
the point contact this has already briefly been stressed by one of us in PRB
{\bf 64}, 161302R (2001). This mapping is also appropriate to discuss the
conductance behavior of a two-contact set-up in strong magnetic field.
 Here, we elaborate on this approach and also discuss an alternative solution
using a mapping on a channel-isotropic Kondo model. In addition we consider the
limit of weak transmission.
  We show that the Coulomb-staircase behavior of the charge in the dot as a
function of the gate voltage, is already smeared out by a small
channel-anisotropy both in the weak- and strong transmission limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124504 </DOCNO>
The local power spectrum and correlation hierarchy of the cosmic mass


  We analyze the power spectrum of a QSO's Ly_alpha transmitted flux in the
discrete wavelet transform (DWT) representation. Although the mean DWT power
spectrum is consistent with its counterpart in Fourier representation, the
spatial distribution of the local power varies greatly, i.e. the local DWT
power spectra show remarkably spiky structures on small scales. To measure
these spiky features, we introduce the quantities, roughness, of the local
power spectrum, and the correlation between spikes on different scales. We then
test the predictions made by the correlation hierarchy model on the roughness
and the scale-scale correlations of the local power spectrum. Using the
Ly_alpha transmitted flux of the QSO HS1700, we find that the underlying cosmic
mass field of the transmitted flux at redshift around z ~ 2.2 can be described
by the hierarchical clustering model on physical scales from 2.5 h^{-1} Mpc to
few tens h^{-1} kpc in an Einstein-de Sitter universe. However, the non-linear
features of the clustering show differences on different scale ranges; 1. On
physical scales larger than ~ 1.3 h^{-1} Mpc, the field is almost Gaussian. 2.
On scales 1.3 h^{-1} Mpc - 0.3 h^{-1} Mpc, the field is consistent with the
correlation hierarchy with a constant value for the coefficient Q_4. 3. On
scales less than 300 h^{-1} kpc, the field is no longer Gaussian, but
essentially intermittent. In this case, the field can still be fitted by the
correlation hierarchy, but the coefficient, Q_4, should be scale-dependent.
These three points are strongly supported by the following result: the scale
dependencies of Q_4 given by two statistically independent measures, i.e. Q_4^R
by the roughness and Q_4^C by scale-scale correlation, are the same in the
entire scale range considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129143 </DOCNO>
Dust Continuum Observations of Massive Star Forming Regions


  We have observed 51 high mass star forming cores associated with water masers
at 350 micron. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and dust continuum
normalized radial intensity profiles were modeled for 28 sources using a
one-dimensional dust radiative transfer code assuming a power law density
distribution in the envelope n = n_0 (r/r_0)^{-p}. The best fit density power
law exponent, p, ranged from 1.0 to 2.5 with a mean value of p = 1.72. We
determined the dust masses for the modeled cores and found a mean mass of 209
M_{sun}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85754 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Adiabatic Geometric Phase of a Scalar Field in a Bianchi


  A two-component formulation of the Klein-Gordon equation is used to
investigate the cyclic and noncyclic adiabatic geometric phases due to
spatially homogeneous (Bianchi) cosmological models. It is shown that no
adiabatic geometric phases arise for Bianchi type I models. For general Bianchi
type IX models the problem of the adiabatic geometric phase is shown to be
equivalent to the one for nuclear quadrupole interactions of a spin. For these
models nontrivial non-Abelian adiabatic geometrical phases may occur in
general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148350 </DOCNO>
Long Range Forces and Supersymmetric Bound States


  We consider the long range forces between two BPS particles on the Coulomb
branch of N=2 and N=4 supersymmetric gauge theories. The 1/r potential is
unambiguously fixed, even at strong coupling, by the moduli dependence of
central charges supported by the BPS states. The effective Coulombic coupling
vanishes on marginal stability curves, while sign changes on crossing these
curves explain the restructuring of the spectrum of composite BPS states. This
restructuring proceeds via the delocalization of the composite state on
approach to the curve of marginal stability. Therefore the spectrum of BPS
states can be inferred by analyzing the submanifolds of the moduli space where
the long range potential is attractive. This method also allows us to find
certain non-BPS bound states and their stability domains. As examples, we
consider the dissociation of the W boson and higher charge dyons at strong
coupling in N=2 SU(2) SYM, quark-monopole bound states in N=2 SYM with one
flavor, and composite dyons in N=2 SU(3) SYM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75956 </DOCNO>
Main Injector LCW (Low Conductivity Water) Control System


  There are six service buildings uniformly spaced along the perimeter of
 MI (Main Injector). A total of 18 LCW pumps were installed around the MI ring
with 3 pumps per building. Approximately 8,000 GPM of LCW is required to cool
magnets, bus and power supplies in the MI enclosure and service buildings. In
each service building, a PLC control system controls pumps and valves, and it
monitors pressures, flow, resistivities and temperatures. The PLC hardware
system consists of a Gateway module and a variety of I/O modules, which are
made by Sixnet of Clifton Park, NY. The control system communicates with other
buildings including MCR (Main Control Room) via an Ethernet link and front-end
computers. For more details of the MI LCW control system, refer to [1] and [2].
One of the key elements of the PLC software is called ISaGRAF workbench, which
was created by CJ International of Seyssins, France. The workbench provides a
comprehensive control-programming environment, where control programs can be
written in five different languages. For more details of ISaGRAF, refer to [3].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114031 </DOCNO>
GRECP/5e-MRD-CI calculation of the electronic structure of PbH


  The correlation calculation of the electronic structure of PbH is carried out
with the Generalized Relativistic Effective Core Potential (GRECP) and
MultiReference single- and Double-excitation Configuration Interaction (MRD-CI)
methods. The 22-electron GRECP for Pb is used and the outer core 5s, 5p and 5d
pseudospinors are frozen using the level-shift technique, so only five external
electrons of PbH are correlated. A new configuration selection scheme with
respect to the relativistic multireference states is employed in the framework
of the MRD-CI method. The [6,4,3,2] correlation spin-orbit basis set is
optimized in the coupled cluster calculations on the Pb atom using a recently
proposed procedure, in which functions in the spin-orbital basis set are
generated from calculations of different ionic states of the Pb atom and those
functions are considered optimal which provide the stationary point for some
energy functional. Spectroscopic constants for the two lowest-lying electronic
states of PbH ($^2\Pi_{1/2}, ^2\Pi_{3/2}$) are found to be in good agreement
with the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97783 </DOCNO>
The geometric Kannan-Lovasz-Simonovits lemma, dimension-free estimates


  The goal of this paper is to attract attention of the reader to a
dimension-free geometric inequality that can be proved using the classical
needle decomposition. This inequality allows us to derive sharp dimension-free
estimates for the distribution of values of polynomials in n-dimensional convex
bodies. Such estimates, in their turn, lead to a surprising result about the
distribution of zeroes of random analytic functions; informally speaking, we
show that for simple families of analytic functions, there exists a "typical"
distribution of zeroes such that the portion of the family occupied by the
functions whose distribution of zeroes deviates from that typical one by some
fixed amount, is about Const exp{-size of the deviation}.
   The paper is essentially self-contained. When choosing the style, we tried
to make it an enjoyable reading for both a senior undergraduate student and an
expert.
   As to the question "What is new in the paper?", we beleive that the answer
to it is a function of two variables, the first being "what is written" and the
second being "who is reading". Since we have no knowledge of the value of the
second variable, we can only give the range of answers with the first variable
fixed. For the targeted audience it will be the standard range [Nothing,
Everything] (with both endpoints included).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98252 </DOCNO>
On presentation of Surface Braid Groups


  We adapt Morita's combinatorial proof of Artin's presentation of classical
braid groups to obtain presentations of braid groups on orientable surfaces.
For closed surfaces, these presentations are equivalent to Meneses'
presentations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41566 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production in Deep-Inelastic Scattering


  We review recent results from the H1 and ZEUS experiments at HERA on charm
and beauty production in ep collisions at 300 - 318 GeV centre-of-mass energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 889 </DOCNO>
Correlation of Tunneling Spectra in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+delta) with the


  New break-junction tunneling data are reported in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+delta) over
a wide range of hole concentration from underdoped (Tc = 74 K) to optimal doped
(Tc = 95 K) to overdoped (Tc = 48 K). The conductances exhibit sharp dips at a
voltage, Omega/e, measured with respect to the superconducting gap. Clear
trends are found such that the dip strength is maximum at optimal doping and
that Omega scales as 4.9 kTc over the entire doping range. These features link
the dip to the resonance spin excitation and suggest quasiparticle interactions
with this mode are important for superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5423 </DOCNO>
Simulations of nanocrystalline metals at the atomic scale. What can we


  In recent years it has become possible to study the properties of
nanocrystalline metals through atomic-scale simulations of systems with
realistic grain sizes. A brief overview of the main results is given, such as
the observation of a reverse Hall-Petch effect - a softening of the metal when
the grain size is reduced. The limitations of computer simulations are
discussed, with a particular focus on the factors that may influence the
reliability of this kind of simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168892 </DOCNO>
Path Integration for the Plane Pendulum with Finite Amplitude


  Exact path integration for the one dimensional potential $V=b^2\cos 2q$ which
describes the finite amplitude pendulum is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150181 </DOCNO>
New Theories With Quantum Modified Moduli Space


  Kutasov--type duals of supersymmetric gauge theories had been studied only in
the dual regime and the s-confining case. Here we extend the discussion to the
case of less flavor, analogous to the case of quantum-modified moduli space in
Seiberg duality. Unlike the Seiberg duality, however, we find that parts of the
moduli space become superconformal, generalizing the so far isolated example of
SU(2) theory with two doublets and a triplet. We also point out that the
magnetic superpotential needs to be augmented by an additional
instanton-generated piece when the magnetic group is SU(2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 714 </DOCNO>
Collective Interaction-Driven Ratchet for Transporting Flux Quanta


  We propose and study a novel way to produce a DC transport of vortices when
applying an AC electrical current to a sample. Specifically, we study
superconductors with a graduated random pinning density, which transports
interacting vortices as a ratchet system. We show that a ratchet effect appears
as a consequence of the long range interactions between the vortices. The
pinned vortices create an asymmetric periodic flux density profile, which
results in an asymmetric effective potential for the unpinned interstitial
vortices. The latter exhibit a net longitudinal rectification under an applied
transverse AC electric current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75286 </DOCNO>
Electric Dipole Moments in the Generic Supersymmetric Standard Model


  The generic supersymmetric standard model is a model built from a
supersymmetrized standard model field spectrum the gauge symmetries only. The
popular minimal supersymmetric standard model differs from the generic version
in having R-parity imposed by hand. We review an efficient formulation of the
model and some of the recently obtained interesting phenomenological features,
focusing on one-loop contributions to fermion electric dipole moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127021 </DOCNO>
Exo-planet detection with the COROT space mission. I. A multi-transit


  We present a detection criterion for exo-planets to be used with the space
mission COROT. This criterion is based on the transit method, which suggests
the observation of star dimming caused by partial occulations by planetary
companions. When at least three transits are observed, we show that a
cross-correlation technique can yield a detection threshold, thus enabling the
evaluation of the number of possible detections, assuming a model for the
stellar population in the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86861 </DOCNO>
Entropy and Area of Black Holes in Loop Quantum Gravity


  Simple arguments related to the entropy of black holes strongly constrain the
spectrum of the area operator for a Schwarzschild black hole in loop quantum
gravity. In particular, this spectrum is fixed completely by the assumption
that the black hole entropy is maximum. Within the approach discussed, one
arrives in loop quantum gravity at a quantization rule with integer quantum
numbers $n$ for the entropy and area of a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 644 </DOCNO>
Generalized Nozieres-De Dominicis approach to transport through


  We investigate the transport properties of a model of an interacting
electronic resonant level system. The hybridization of the localized resonant
level is treated in perturbation and the contributions to all orders are
computed. This includes an exact treatment of the electron scattering from the
localized level. The renormalization of the direct tunneling between the
electrodes arising from the Coulomb repulsion of trapped particles is taken
into account. Further, we provide a detailed solution of the system of coupled
singular integral equations which determine the propagator in the interacting
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129269 </DOCNO>
Massive molecular outflows


  We present a mapping study of massive molecular outflows in 26 high-mass
star-forming regions at 11'' spatial resolution. Bipolar morpholgy is found in
80% of the sources and the collimation is higher than previously thought.
Additionally, we find that well known low-mass correlations continue up to the
high-mass regime, and accretion rates are around 10^(-4) Msun/yr rising as high
as 10^(-3) Msun/yr. A tight correlation between the outflow and the core mass
is established, implying that the accretion rate is a rather linear function of
the initial core mass. All the data suggest that massive outflows are
qualitatively similar and just quantitatively enhanced compared to their low
mass counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5925 </DOCNO>
Signatures of resonance superfluidity in a quantum Fermi gas


  In this letter, we predict a direct and observable signature of the
superfluid phase in a quantum Fermi gas, in a temperature regime already
accessible in current experiments. We apply the theory of resonance
superfluidity to a gas confined in a harmonic potential and demonstrate that a
significant increase in density will be observed in the vicinity of the trap
center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76734 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to the semileptonic Dalitz plot with angular


  We obtain a model-independent expression for the complete Dalitz plot of
semileptonic decays of polarized hyperons, which includes both the three-body
and the four-body regions. We calculate radiative corrections to order alpha,
neglecting terms of order alpha q/(pi M_1), where q is the four-momentum
transfer and M_1 is the mass of the decaying hyperon. Our results exhibit
explicitly the correlation between the emitted hyperon three-momentum and the
spin of the decaying hyperon. This allows us to obtain the corresponding
radiative corrections to the integrated emitted hyperon spin-asymmetry
coefficient. Our formulas are valid for charged as well as for neutral decaying
hyperons and are appropriate for model-independent experimental analysis
whether the real photon is discriminated or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72371 </DOCNO>
The Semileptonic Decays $B\to\pi l\nu$ and $D\to\pi l\nu$ from Lattice


  We present a lattice QCD calculation of the form factors and differential
decay rates for semileptonic decays of the heavy-light mesons $B$ and $D$ to
the final state $\pi l\nu$. The results are obtained with three methodological
improvements over previous lattice calculations: a matching procedure that
reduces heavy-quark lattice artifacts, the first study of lattice-spacing
dependence, and the introduction of kinematic cuts to reduce model dependence.
We show that the main systematics are controllable (within the quenched
approximation) and outline how the calculations could be improved to aid
current experiments in the determination of~$|V_{ub}|$ and~$|V_{cd}|$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75909 </DOCNO>
A Non-SUSY Model for Neutrino Oscillation, Baryogenesis and Neutrinoless


  We fitted the neutrino oscillations, baryogenesis and neutrinoless double
beta decay using Anti-GUT model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169437 </DOCNO>
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox and Entanglement 2: Application to


  In a previous paper certain measurable criteria have been derived, that are
sufficient to demonstrate the existence of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)
correlations for measurements with continuous variable outcomes. Here it is
shown how such EPR criteria, which do not demand perfect EPR correlations, can
be used to prove the extent of security for continuous variable quantum
cryptographic schemes (in analogy to that proposed by Ekert) where Alice and
Bob hope to construct a secure sequence of values from measurements performed
on continuous-variable EPR-correlated fields sent from a distant source. It is
proven that the demonstration of the EPR criterion on Alice's and Bob's joint
statistics compels a necessary loss in the ability to infer the results shared
by Alice and Bob, by measurements performed on any third channel potentially
representing an eavesdropper (Eve). This result makes no assumption about the
nature of the quantum source of the fields transmitted to Alice and Bob, except
that the EPR correlations are observed at the final detector locations. In this
way a means is provided to establish security in the presence of some loss and
less than optimal correlation, and against any eavesdropping strategy employed
by Eve prior to detection of the fields by Alice and Bob.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123590 </DOCNO>
Particle Energy And Acceleration Efficiencies In Highly Relativistic


  In this paper we present an investigation of numerical Monte Carlo
simulations of the diffusive shock acceleration in the test particle limit.
Very high gamma flow astrophysical plasmas, have been used, from $\gamma_{up}$
$\sim50$ up to $\gamma_{up}$ $\sim1000$, which could be relevant to the
suggested models of AGNs Jets and their Central Engines as well as the
ultra-relativistic shock particle acceleration in Gamma Ray Burst (GRB)
fireballs. Particularly the energy gain per shock crossing and the time
constant for the above high relativistic processes is numerically calculated.
We explicitly find a considerable $\gamma^{2}$ energy boosting in the first
shock cycle, and in all subsequent shock cycles the particle energy is
multiplied by a large factor. Also a noted acceleration speed-up for the same
acceleration process has been observed. Both of those results are connected
with theoretical suggestions that a significant enhancement of the acceleration
process is possible due to relativistic effects not present at lower plasma
flow speeds. The acceleration speed-up and the mean energy-gain per shock cycle
found could efficiently justify the theory of the origin of Ultra High Energy
Cosmic Rays (UHECR) from the sites of GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74328 </DOCNO>
Domain-like Structures in the QCD Vacuum, Confinement and Chiral


  We discuss how the inclusion of singular gauge fields in the partition
function for QCD can lead to a domain-like picture for the QCD vacuum by virtue
of specific conditions on quantum fluctuations at the singularities. With a
simplified model of hyperspherical domain regions with interiors of constant
field strength we calculate the basic parameters of the QCD vacuum, the gluon
condensate, topological susceptibility, string constant and quark condensate,
and briefly discuss confinement of dynamical quarks and gluons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81093 </DOCNO>
Kink Dynamics in a Topological Phi^4 Lattice


  It was recently proposed a novel discretization for nonlinear Klein-Gordon
field theories in which the resulting lattice preserves the topological
(Bogomol'nyi) lower bound on the kink energy and, as a consequence, has no
Peierls-Nabarro barrier even for large spatial discretizations (h~1.0). It was
then suggested that these ``topological discrete systems'' are a natural choice
for the numerical study of continuum kink dynamics. Giving particular emphasis
to the phi^4 theory, we numerically investigate kink-antikink scattering and
breather formation in these topological lattices. Our results indicate that,
even though these systems are quite accurate for studying free kinks in coarse
lattices, for legitimate dynamical kink problems the accuracy is rather
restricted to fine lattices (h~0.1). We suggest that this fact is related to
the breaking of the Bogomol'nyi bound during the kink-antikink interaction,
where the field profile loses its static property as required by the
Bogomol'nyi argument. We conclude, therefore, that these lattices are not
suitable for the study of more general kink dynamics, since a standard
discretization is simpler and has effectively the same accuracy for such
resolutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168407 </DOCNO>
A Continous Transition Between Quantum and Classical Mechanics (II)


  Examples are worked out using a new equation proposed in the previous paper
to show that it has new physical predictions for mesoscopic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1480 </DOCNO>
Robust Patterns in Food Web Structure


  We analyze from the perspective of complex networks the properties of seven
community trophic webs (defining who eats whom in an ecosystem) from a variety
of environments. Remarkably, we find simple robust patterns that describe the
properties of the trophic webs considered. Our results also suggest that the
structure of the food webs studied may be approximated, to first order, by a
random graph with specific distributions of number of incoming and number of
outgoing (trophic) links. Moreover, our results are consistent with the
possibility that several quantities characterizing a food web depend on a
single parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81349 </DOCNO>
The Static Potential with Hypercubic Blocking


  We measure the static potential from Wilson loops constructed using
hypercubic blocked (HYP) links. The HYP potential agrees with the potential
measured using thin links for distances r/a>=2. We calculated the lowest order
perturbative expansion of the lattice Coulomb potential of HYP links. These
results are used in analyzing the static potential both on quenched and
dynamical lattices. The statistical accuracy of the potential with HYP links
improves by about an order of magnitude, giving a reliable scale even with
limited statistics both on quenched and dynamical lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72663 </DOCNO>
Exclusive weak B decays to excited meson states


  Exclusive semileptonic B decays to radially excited charmed mesons and rare
radiative B decay to the orbitally excited tensor K_2^*(1430) meson are
investigated in the framework of the relativistic quark model based on the
quasipotential approach in quantum field theory. The heavy quark expansion is
applied for the semileptonic B\to D^{(*)}'e\nu decays. Both relativistic and
the 1/m_Q corrections are found to play an important role for these decays and
substantially modify results. For rare radiative B -> K_2^*(1430)\gamma decay
such an expansion is not used for the s quark. Instead we apply the expansion
in inverse powers of large recoil momentum of final K_2^*(1430) meson. The
calculated branching fraction BR(B -> K_2^*(1430)\gamma)=(1.7\pm 0.6)\times
10^{-5} as well as the ratio BR(B -> K_2^*(1430)\gamma)/BR(B ->
K^*(892)\gamma)=0.38\pm 0.08 are found to be in a good agreement with recent
experimental data from CLEO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74262 </DOCNO>
Strange Quark Mass from the Invariant Mass Distribution of


  Quark mass corrections to the tau hadronic width play a significant role only
for the strange quark, hence providing a method for determining its mass. The
experimental input is the vector plus axial-vector strange spectral function
derived from a complete study of tau decays into strange hadronic final states
performed by ALEPH. New results on strange decay modes from other experiments
are also incorporated. The present analysis determines the strange quark mass
at the Mtau mass scale using moments of the spectral function. Justified
theoretical constraints are applied to the nonperturbative components and
careful attention is paid to the treatment of the perturbative expansions of
the moments which exhibit convergence problems. The result obtained,
m_s(Mtau^2) = (120 +- 11_exp +- 8_Vus +- 19_th) MeV = (120^+21_-26) MeV, is
stable over the scale from Mtau down to about 1.4 GeV. Evolving this result to
customary scales yields m_s(1 GeV^2) = (160^+28_-35) MeV and m_s(4 GeV^2) =
(116^+20_-25) MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7531 </DOCNO>
A quantum phase-transition in interacting electron systems due to a


  We investigate the influence of correlations on the Fermi-surface-geometry in
an one-dimensional model of interacting electrons with two separate
Fermi-surfaces with the density-matrix renormalization-group technique (DMRG).
We find that the electron-electron correlations induce distinct physical
behaviors in the two separate Fermi-surfaces. For sufficiently strong
correlations the Fermi-surface near the van-Hove singularity becomes unstable
and is destroyed completely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6756 </DOCNO>
New Phases of Solid Nitrogen


  We report the discovery of a new class of molecular phases of solid nitrogen
at high pressures and temperatures by Raman and infrared spectroscopy and
powder x-ray diffraction. Unlike the molecular phases consisting of disk- and
sphere-like molecular disorder ($\delta$-, $\epsilon$- and $\zeta$-N$_2$) and
reportedly stable over a wide P-T range, one of the new phases ($\iota$) is
diatomic with disk-like molecules. A second new phase (the higher pressure
$\theta$-phase) is characterized by strong intermolecular interactions and
infrared vibron absorption. Both phases exhibit wide P-T ranges of stability
and metastability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75076 </DOCNO>
Charm Quark Mass


  We report on the result for the charm quark mass as obtained from our lattice
QCD computation in the quenched approximation. Our result in the MSbar scheme
is m_c(m_c)=1.26(4)(12) GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149235 </DOCNO>
Stability of Quiver Representations and Topology Change


  We study phase structure of the moduli space of a D0-brane on the orbifold
C^3/Z_2 \times Z_2 based on stability of quiver representations. It is known
from an analysis using toric geometry that this model has multiple phases
connected by flop transitions. By comparing the results of the two methods, we
obtain a correspondence between quiver representations and geometry of toric
resolutions of the orbifold. It is shown that a redundancy of coordinates
arising in the toric description of the D-brane moduli space, which is a key
ingredient of disappearance of non-geometric phases, is understood from the
monodromy around the orbifold point. We also discuss why only geometric phases
appear from the viewpoint of stability of D0-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123450 </DOCNO>
Mass-Losing Semiregular Variable Stars in Baade's Windows


  By cross-correlating the results of two recent large-scale surveys, the
general properties of a well defined sample of semi-regular variable stars have
been determined. ISOGAL mid-infrared photometry and MACHO lightcurves are
assembled for approximately 300 stars in the Baade's Windows of low extinction
towards the Galactic bulge. These stars are mainly giants of late M spectral
type, evolving along the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). They are found to
possess a wide and continuous distribution of pulsation periods and to obey an
approximate log~period -- bolometric magnitude relation or set of such
relations.
  Approximate mass-loss rates in the range of 1e-8 to 5e-7 M_sun per year are
derived from ISOGAL mid-infrared photometry and models of stellar spectra
adjusted for the presence of optically-thin circumstellar silicate dust.
Mass-loss rates depend on luminosity and pulsation period. Some stars lose mass
as rapidly as short-period Miras but do not show Mira-like amplitudes. A period
of 70 days or longer is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for mass
loss to occur.
  For AGB stars in the mass-loss ranges that we observe, the functional
dependence of mass-loss rate on temperature and luminosity is found to be in
agreement with recent theoretical predictions. If we include our mass-loss
rates with a sample of extreme mass-losing AGB stars in the Large Magellanic
Cloud, we get the general result for AGB stars that mass-loss rate is
proportional to luminosity^{2.7}, valid for AGB stars with 10^{-8} to 10^{-4}
M_sun per year (Abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97200 </DOCNO>
Enumerating Permutation Polynomials over finite fields by degree


  We prove an asymptotic formula for the number of permutation for which the
associated permutation polynomial has degree smaller than $q-2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72580 </DOCNO>
Fermion propagator in out of equilibrium quantum-field system and the


  We aim to construct from first principles a perturbative framework for
studying nonequilibrium quantum-field systems that include massless Dirac
fermions. The system of our concern is quasiuniform system near equilibrium or
nonequilibrium quasistationary system. We employ the closed-time-path formalism
and use the so-called gradient approximation. Essentially no further
approximation is introduced. We construct a fermion propagator, with which a
well-defined perturbative framework is formulated. In the course of
construction of the framework, we obtain the generalized Boltzmann equation
(GBE) that describes the evolution of the number-density functions of
(anti)fermionic quasiparticles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98265 </DOCNO>
Quantum Riemann - Roch, Lefschetz and Serre


  Given a holomorphic vector bundle $E:EX X$ over a compact K\"ahler manifold,
one introduces twisted GW-invariants of $X$ replacing virtual fundamental
cycles of moduli spaces of stable maps $f: \Sigma \to X$ by their cap-product
with a chosen multiplicative characteristic class of $H^0(\Sigma, f^* E) -
H^1(\Sigma, f^*E)$. Using the formalism of quantized quadratic hamiltonians, we
express the descendent potential for the twisted theory in terms of that for
$X$. The result (Theorem 1) is a consequence of Mumford's Riemann -- Roch --
Grothendieck formula applied to the universal stable map.
  When $E$ is concave, and the inverse $\CC^{\times}$-equivariant Euler class
is chosen, the twisted theory yields GW-invariants of $EX$. The ``non-linear
Serre duality principle'' expresses GW-invariants of $EX$ via those of the
supermanifold $\Pi E^*X$, where the Euler class and $E^*$ replace the inverse
Euler class and $E$. We derive from Theorem 1 the nonlinear Serre duality in a
very general form (Corollary 2).
  When the bundle $E$ is convex, and a submanifold $Y\subset X$ is defined by a
global section, the genus 0 GW-invariants of $\Pi E X$ coincide with those of
$Y$. We prove a ``quantum Lefschetz hyperplane section principle'' (Theorem 2)
expressing genus 0 GW-invariants of a complete intersection $Y$ via those of
$X$. This extends earlier results of Y.-P. Lee and A. Gathmann and yields most
of the known mirror formulas for toric complete intersections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3908 </DOCNO>
An extended-phase-space dynamics for the generalized nonextensive


  We apply a variant of the Nose-Hoover thermostat to derive the Hamiltonian of
a nonextensive system that is compatible with the canonical ensemble of the
generalized thermostatistics of Tsallis. This microdynamical approach provides
a deterministic connection between the generalized nonextensive entropy and
power law behavior. For the case of a simple one-dimensional harmonic
oscillator, we confirm by numerical simulation of the dynamics that the
distribution of energy H follows precisely the canonical q-statistics for
different values of the parameter q. The approach is further tested for
classical many-particle systems by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The
results indicate that the intrinsic nonlinear features of the nonextensive
formalism are capable to generate energy fluctuations that obey anomalous
probability laws. For q<1 a broad distribution of energy is observed, while for
q>1 the resulting distribution is confined to a compact support.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123770 </DOCNO>
Issues of LiBeB, Oxygen and Iron Evolution


  We discuss the highlights of our recent research, specifically the refractory
vs. volatile interpretation of the rise of [O/Fe] with decreasing [Fe/H], and
the issue of primary vs. secondary evolution of Be.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84015 </DOCNO>
A Dual Digital Signal Processor VME Board For Instrumentation And


  A Dual Digital Signal Processing VME Board was developed for the Continuous
Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) Beam Current Monitor (BCM) system at
Jefferson Lab. It is a versatile general-purpose digital signal processing
board using an open architecture, which allows for adaptation to various
applications. The base design uses two independent Texas Instrument (TI)
TMS320C6711, which are 900 MFLOPS floating-point digital signal processors
(DSP). Applications that require a fixed point DSP can be implemented by
replacing the baseline DSP with the pin-for-pin compatible TMS320C6211. The
design can be manufactured with a reduced chip set without redesigning the
printed circuit board. For example it can be implemented as a single-channel
DSP with no analog I/O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99019 </DOCNO>
An additive version of higher Chow groups


  The cosimplicial scheme $$Delta^bullet = \Delta^0 smallmatrix \to smallmatrix
\Delta^1 smallmatrix to smallmatrix ...;\quad \Delta^n
:=\Spec\Big(k[t_0,...c,t_n]/(\sum t_i -t)\Big)$$ was used in B to define higher
Chow groups. In this note, we let t tend to 0 and replace \Delta^\bullet by a
degenerate version $$Q^\bullet = Q^0 smallmatrix to smallmatrix Q^1 smallmatrix
to smallmatrix ...;\quad Q^n := \Spec\Big(k[t_0,...c,t_n]/(\sum t_i)\Big) $$ to
define an additive version of the higher Chow groups. For a field k, we show
the Chow group of 0-cycles on $Q^n$ in this theory is isomorphic to the
absolute $(n-1)$-K\"ahler forms $\Omega^{n-1}_k$.
  An analogous degeneration on the level of de Rham cohomology associated to
``constant modulus'' degenerations of varieties in various contexts is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96180 </DOCNO>
A New Class of Wilf-Equivalent Permutations


  For about 10 years, the classification of permutation patterns was thought
completed up to length 6. In this paper, we establish a new class of
Wilf-equivalent permutation patterns, namely, (n-1,n-2,n,tau)~(n-2,n,n-1,tau)
for any tau in S_{n-3}. In particular, at level n=6, this result includes the
only missing equivalence (546213)~(465213), and for n=7 it completes the
classification of permutation patterns by settling all remaining cases in S_7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127984 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constraint from QSO spatial power spectrum


  In this paper we consider constraints on the cosmological density parameters
from the spatial power spectrum of QSOs. We first review an analytic approach
to the spatial power spectrum of QSOs, then we compare the result of the
analytic approach with a preliminary result of the power spectrum from the
two-degree Field QSO redshift (2QZ) survey. From a simple chi^2 test, we show
that a finite baryon fraction better explains observation of the QSO power
spectrum, which might suggest a possible detection of the baryonic oscillations
in the QSO power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1524 </DOCNO>
Topological entropy of a stiff ring polymer and its connection to DNA


  We discuss the entropy of a circular polymer under a topological constraint.
We call it the {\it topological entropy} of the polymer, in short. A ring
polymer does not change its topology (knot type) under any thermal
fluctuations.
 Through numerical simulations using some knot invariants, we show that the
topological entropy of a stiff ring polymer with a fixed knot is described by a
scaling formula as a function of the thickness and length of the circular
chain. The result is consistent with the viewpoint that for stiff polymers such
as DNAs, the length and diameter of the chains should play a central role in
their statistical and dynamical properties. Furthermore, we show that the new
formula extends a known theoretical formula for DNA knots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98851 </DOCNO>
Deformation inequivalent complex conjugated complex structures and


  Here, we resume and broaden the results concerned which appeared in
math.AG/0101098 and math.AG/0104021. We start from summing up our example of a
complex algebraic surface which is not deformation equivalent to its complex
conjugate and which, moreover, has no homeomorphisms reversing the canonical
class. Then, we construct several series of higher dimensional compact complex
manifolds having the same property. We end with discussing applications to the
Dif=Def problems, to the existence of diffeomorphic plane cuspidal curves non
equivalent under equisingular deformations and to the existence of
(deformation) non equivalent symplectic structures with opposite canonical
classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75049 </DOCNO>
Solving the Strong CP and the SUSY Phase Problems with Parity Symmetry


  We propose a simultaneous solution to the strong CP problem and the SUSY
phase problem based on parity symmetry realized when the supersymmetric
standard model is embedded into a left-right symmetric framework at a scale
near 2 x 10^{16} GeV, as suggested by neutrino masses and gauge coupling
unification. In this class of models, owing to parity, SUSY contributions to
the muon anomalous magnetic moment can be naturally large without conflicting
with the EDM of the electron and the neutron. The strong CP violation parameter
\theta is zero at the tree level, also due to parity (P), but is induced due to
P-violating effects below the unification scale. We estimate the induced \theta
to be < 10^{-16}, if we adopt a constrained supersymmetric spectrum with
universal scalar masses. In the more general SUSY breaking scenario, after
imposing flavor changing constraints, we find theta ~ (10^{-8}-10^{-10}), which
is compatible with, but not much below the present limit on neutron EDM. We
also argue that potential non-perturbative corrections to \theta from quantum
gravitational effects are not excessive in these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76715 </DOCNO>
More remarks on suppression of large black hole production in particle


  The problem of evaluating the cross section of production of large black
holes in particle collisions at trans-Planckian energies is revisited. It is
argued that the geometric cross section claimed in the literature would in fact
lead to an exponentially growing with energy total cross section dominated by
production of many "small" black holes. On the other hand, the semiclassical
treatment of this problem, leading to an exponentially suppressed cross section
for production of large black holes, requires that in the classical limit the
cross section vanishes for massless colliding particles. The latter behavior
can in principle be probed by numerical simulations in the classical general
relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2628 </DOCNO>
Dielectric functions and collective excitations in MgB_2


  The frequency- and momentum-dependent dielectric function $\epsilon{(\bf
q,\omega)}$ as well as the energy loss function Im[-$\epsilon^{-1}{(\bf
q,\omega)}$\protect{]} are calculated for intermetallic superconductor $MgB_2$
by using two {\it ab initio} methods: the plane-wave pseudopotential method and
the tight-binding version of the LMTO method. We find two plasmon modes
dispersing at energies $\sim 2$-8 eV and $\sim 18$-22 eV. The high energy
plasmon results from a free electron like plasmon mode while the low energy
collective excitation has its origin in a peculiar character of the band
structure. Both plasmon modes demonstrate clearly anisotropic behaviour of both
the peak position and the peak width. In particular, the low energy collective
excitation has practically zero width in the direction perpendicular to boron
layers and broadens in other directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4207 </DOCNO>
$^{11}$B NMR detection of the magnetic field distribution in the mixed


  The temperature dependence of the magnetic field distribution in the mixed
superconducting phase of randomly oriented MgB$_2$ powder was probed by $%
^{11}$B NMR spectroscopy. Below the temperature of the second critical ($B_{%
{c2}}$) field, $T_{{c2}}\approx 27$K, our spectra reveal two NMR signal
components, one mapping the magnetic field distribution in the mixed
superconducting state and the other one arising from the normal state. The
complementary use of bulk magnetization and NMR measurements reveals that
MgB$_2$ is an anisotropic superconductor with a $B_{c2}^c<2.35$ Tesla
anisotropy parameter $\gamma\approx 6$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168364 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Noise as a Source of Decoherence in a Solid State Quantum


  We examine a stochastic noise process that has a decohering effect on the
average evolution of qubits in the quantum register of the solid state quantum
computer proposed by Kane. We consider the effects of this process on the
single qubit operations necessary to perform quantum logical gates and derive
an expression for the fidelity of these gates in this system. We then calculate
an upper bound on the level of this stochastic noise tolerable in a workable
quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86043 </DOCNO>
Dimension in a Radiative Stellar Atmosphere


  Dimensional scales are examined in an extended 3+1 Vaidya atmosphere
surrounding a Schwarzschild source. At one scale, the Vaidya null fluid
vanishes and the spacetime contains only a single spherical 2-surface. Both of
these behaviors can be addressed by including higher dimensions in the
spacetime metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74826 </DOCNO>
Induced parity violating thermal effective action for (2+1)-dimensional


  We study the parity breaking effective action in 2+1 dimensions, generated,
at finite temperature, by massive fermions interacting with a non-Abelian gauge
background. We explicitly calculate, in the static limit, parity violating
amplitudes up to the seven point function, which allows us to determine the
corresponding effective actions. We derive the exact parity violating effective
action when $\vec{E}=0$. When $\vec{E}\neq 0$, there are families of terms that
can be determined order by order in perturbation theory. We attempt to
generalize our results to non-static backgrounds through the use of time
ordered exponentials and prove gauge invariance, both {\it small} and {\it
large}, of the resulting effective action. We also point out some open
questions that need to be further understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149391 </DOCNO>
Algorithm for Computing Excited States in Quantum Theory


  Monte Carlo techniques have been widely employed in statistical physics as
well as in quantum theory in the Lagrangian formulation. However, in the
conventional approach, it is extremely difficult to compute the excited states.
Here we present a different algorithm: the Monte Carlo Hamiltonian method,
designed to overcome the difficulties of the conventional approach. As a new
example, application to the Klein-Gordon field theory is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5223 </DOCNO>
Lattice-Spin Mechanism in Colossal Magnetoresistant Manganites


  We present a single-orbital double-exchange model, coupled with cooperative
phonons (the so called breathing-modes of the oxygen octahedra in manganites).
The model is studied with Monte Carlo simulations. For a finite range of doping
and coupling constants, a first-order Metal-Insulator phase transition is
found, that coincides with the Paramagnetic-Ferromagnetic phase transition. The
insulating state is due to the self-trapping of every carrier within an oxygen
octahedron distortion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148035 </DOCNO>
Superconformal Mechanics and the Super Virasoro Algebra


  We consider N=1,2 superconformal mechanics in 0+1 dimensions and show that if
the Hamiltonian is invertible the superconformal generators can be used to
construct half of the super Virasoro algebra. The full algebra can be derived
if the special conformal generator is also invertible. The generators are
quantized and a general prescription is given for the construction of the N=1
algebra independently of the specific details of the superconformal mechanics
provided that in addition its quadratic Casimir operator vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1276 </DOCNO>
Large transport critical currents in unsintered MgB2 superconducting


  The Powder-In-Tube process has been employed to fabricate tape-like
conductors with a strong metallic sheath and based on the newly discovered MgB2
superconducting phase. Long superconducting tapes have been prepared by packing
reacted MgB2 powders inside pure Ag, Cu and Ni tubes which are then cold worked
by drawing and rolling. Such tapes have shown transport properties as good as
bulk MgB2 samples sintered in high pressure and high temperature conditions. At
4.2 K, the highest critical current density of 100000 A/cm2 has been achieved
on Nickel-sheathed single-filament conductors. A direct correlation between the
sheath tensile strength and the critical current of the unsintered tape has
been observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74894 </DOCNO>
$J/\Psi$ suppression at SPS, RHIC and LHC energies and the percolation


  We study the enhancement of $c \bar c$ pair production that takes place in
central heavy ion collisions due to the formation of clusters of strings. These
clusters produce heavy flavors more efficiently due to their higher color. We
discuss the competition between this mechanism and the well-known screening of
color charge, which, above a critical string density, reduces strongly the
probability of binding these $c \bar c$ pairs to form $J/\Psi$ particles. The
dependence of $J/\Psi$ suppression on the centrality shows a peak at both RHIC
and LHC energies corresponding to the percolation critical density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149695 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative renormalization in a scalar model within Light-Front


  Within the covariant formulation of Light-Front Dynamics, in a scalar model
with the interaction Hamiltonian $H=-g\psi^{2}(x)\phi(x)$, we calculate
nonperturbatively the renormalized state vector of a scalar "nucleon" in a
truncated Fock space containing the $N$, $N\pi$ and $N\pi\pi$ sectors. The
model gives a simple example of non-perturbative renormalization which is
carried out numerically. Though the mass renormalization $\delta m^2$ diverges
logarithmically with the cutoff $L$, the Fock components of the "physical"
nucleon are stable when $L\to\infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129618 </DOCNO>
The 1996-1997 Fading of V651 Mon, the Binary Central Star of the


  V651 Mon is the binary central star of the bipolar planetary nebula NGC 2346.
The star showed the second-ever deep fading in 1996-1997, which was presumably
caused by obscuration by a dust cloud in the planetary nebula, as was proposed
to explain the 1981-1985 event. The entire duration of the 1996-1997 event was
\~400 d, remarkably shorter than the 1981-1985 event, suggesting that the
obscuring body was smaller or had a larger tangential velocity. The most
remarkable feature in this event was the presence of a sharply defined
transient clearing (brightening). From the time-scale of the variation, we
propose an upper limit of the projected scale of several times ~10^11 cm of the
structure responsible for the brightening. This observation provides the first
evidence for a sharply defined, small lucent structure within the obscuring
body around the central star of NGC 2346

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113873 </DOCNO>
Solving the Quantum Chemistry Equations and


  The conventional technique for solving the equations of quantum chemistry (of
solid state) is extended unconventionally to the structures possessing certain
symmetries. This proposal concerns changing the way for selection of occupied
orbitals, allowing, in turn, to release the unoccupied electronic states
located lower than the ground state Fermi level of a specific system. Such
states can be treated as 'spectral holes'. Application of this technique, in
particular, when calculating the electronic structure of the HTSC-compound
$YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ (0<x<1) results in the following. The spectral holes of high
spatial localization are found. These 'spatial spectral holes' are located,
mainly at the $P_y$-orbitals of the apex oxygens. These orbitals overlap and
form linear chains which are parallel to the known Cu(1)-O chains, disappearing
when x is closed to 1. One can suppose that the linear chains of the
overlapping hole states form a 'superconducting channel'. Some other parameters
closely related to the critical characteristics of HTSC-materials are also
calculated. The calculations show that 'the superconducting channel' is broken
when the oxygen chain atoms O(1) are removed (x>0). One could easily connect
the obtained results to the high-temperature superconductivity of Little's
linear chains, as well as Ginzburg's two-dimensional layers and even to
BCS-model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129033 </DOCNO>
Chemical Abundances in High-Redshift Neutral Clouds


  Neutral hydrogen clouds with high column density detected towards distant
quasars are unique probes of elemental nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution
in the low metallicity regime. They provide measurements for several elements
at very early times which are unfeasible in other astrophysical environments.
Comparison between refractory and non-refractory elements provides evidence for
the presence of dust, and the recently measured Ar probes photoionization. A
prominent characteristic is the dominance of a solar abundance pattern, which
is somewhat unexpected at low metallicities. It is argued that this property
and Nitrogen observations can be used to constrain the age of the Damped
Ly_alpha systems and the epoch of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1920 </DOCNO>
Correlation between the Josephson coupling energy and the condensation


  We review some previous studies concerning the intra-bilayer Josephson
plasmons and present new ellipsometric data of the c-axis infrared response of
almost optimally doped Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8}. The c-axis conductivity of
this compound exhibits the same kind of anomalies as that of underdoped
YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-delta}. We analyze these anomalies in detail and show that
they can be explained within a model involving the intra-bilayer Josephson
effect and variations of the electric field inside the unit cell. The Josephson
coupling energies of different bilayer compounds obtained from the optical data
are compared with the condensation energies and it is shown that there is a
reasonable agreement between the values of the two quantities. We argue that
the Josephson coupling energy, as determined by the frequency of the
intra-bilayer Josephson plasmon, represents a reasonable estimate of the change
of the effective c-axis kinetic energy upon entering the superconducting state.
It is further explained that this is not the case for the estimate based on the
use of the simplest ``tight-binding'' sum rule. We discuss possible
interpretations of the remarkable agreement between the Josephson coupling
energies and the condensation energies. The most plausible interpretation is
that the interlayer tunneling of the Cooper pairs provides the dominant
contribution to the condensation energy of the bilayer compounds; in other
words that the condensation energy of these compounds can be accounted for by
the interlayer tunneling theory. We suggest an extension of this theory, which
may also explain the high values of T_{c} in the single layer compounds
Tl_{2}Ba_{2}CuO_{6} and HgBa_{2}CuO_{4}, and we make several experimentally
verifiable predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99252 </DOCNO>
Metrics On The Quantum Heisenberg Manifold


  Compact quantum metric spaces are order unit spaces along with a Lip norm. On
the order unit space of the selfadjoint elements of the dense subalgebra of
smooth elements in the quantum Heisenberg manifold we construct Lip norms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86514 </DOCNO>
Generalized pseudo-Riemannian geometry


  Generalized tensor analysis in the sense of Colombeau's construction is
employed to introduce a nonlinear distributional pseudo-Riemannian geometry. In
particular, after deriving several characterizations of invertibility in the
algebra of generalized functions we define the notions of generalized
pseudo-Riemannian metric, generalized connection and generalized curvature
tensor. We prove a ``Fundamental Lemma of (pseudo-)Riemannian geometry'' in
this setting and define the notion of geodesics of a generalized metric.
Finally, we present applications of the resulting theory to general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41386 </DOCNO>
MSSM SUSY Searches at LEP2


  In the final run in the year 2000 the four experiments at the electron
positron collider LEP have accumulated data corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of more than 210 pb-1 per experiment at centre-of-mass energies up
to 208 GeV. These data have been used to extend the search for supersymmetric
particles in the new energy domain. In the present paper the results of
searches for sfermions, charginos and neutralinos are described, assuming the
minimal supersymmetric standard model with R-parity conservation. In addition,
the determination of a lower mass limit of the lightest neutralino is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129631 </DOCNO>
The Effect of Changes in the ASCA Calibration on the Fe-Kalpha Lines in


  The ASCA calibration has evolved considerably since launch and indeed, is
still evolving. There have been concerns in the literature that changes in the
ASCA calibration have resulted in the Fe-Kalpha lines in active galaxies (AGN)
now being systematically narrower than was originally thought. If this were
true, a large body of ASCA results would be impacted. In particular, it has
been claimed that the broad red wing (when present) of the Fe-Kalpha line has
been considerably weakened by changes in the ASCA calibration. We demonstrate
explicitly that changes in the ASCA calibration over a period of about eight
years have a negligible effect on the width, strength, or shape of the
Fe-Kalpha lines. The reduction in both width and equivalent width is only ~8%
or less. We confirm this with simulations and individual sources, as well as
sample average profiles. The average profile for type 1 AGN is still very
broad, with the red wing extending down to ~4 keV. The reason for the claimed,
apparently large, discrepancies is that in some sources the \fekalfa line is
complex, and a single-Gaussian model, being an inadequate description of the
line profile, picks up different portions of the profile with different
calibration. Single-Gaussian fits do not therefore model all of the line
emission in some sources, in which case they do not compare old and current
calibration since the models do not then describe the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179357 </DOCNO>
Dynamical meson-baryon resonances with chiral Lagrangians


  The s-wave meson-baryon interaction is studied using the lowest-order chiral
Lagrangian in a unitary coupled-channels Bethe-Salpeter equation. In the
strangeness $S=-1$ sector the low-energy $K^- p$ dynamics leads to the
dynamical generation of the $\Lambda(1405)$ as a ${\bar K}N$ state, along with
a good description of the $K^- p$ scattering observables. At higher energies,
the $\Lambda(1670)$ is also found to be generated dynamically as a $K \Xi$
quasibound state for the first time. For strangeness S=0, it is the
$S_{11}(1535)$ resonance that emerges from the coupled-channels equations,
leading to a satisfactory description of meson-baryon scattering observables in
the energy region around the $S_{11}(1535)$. We speculate on the possible
dynamical generation of $\Xi$ resonances within the chiral $S=-2$ sector as
${\bar K} \Lambda$ or ${\bar K} \Sigma$ quasibound states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129078 </DOCNO>
The Impact of Galaxies on their Environment from Observations of


  Observations of absorption systems in close, multiple lines of sight to
gravitationally lensed QSOs can be used to infer the density fluctuations and
motions of the gas clouds giving rise to the Lyman alpha forest phenomenon and
to QSO metal absorption lines. We describe a survey of lensed QSOs with the
Keck HIRES instrument and argue that one can derive limits on the frequency and
importance of hydrodynamical disturbances inflicted by galaxies on the
surrounding gas from such data. We discuss differences between the kinematic
properties of low density unsaturated Lyman alpha forest absorption systems,
high ionization CIV absorption systems, and low ionization gas visible in SiII
and CII. The general intergalactic medium appears to show very little
turbulence, but the presumable denser CIV systems exhibit evidence of having
been stirred repeatedly (by winds ?) in the past on time scales similar to
those governing stellar feedback and possibly galaxy mergers. The quiescence of
the low density IGM can be used to put upper limits on the incidence and
energetics of galactic winds on a cosmological time scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2999 </DOCNO>
Quantum algorithms for Josephson networks


  We analyze possible implementations of quantum algorithms in a system of
(macroscopic) Josephson charge qubits. System layout and parameters to realize
the Deutsch algorithm with up to three qubits are provided. Special attention
is paid to the necessity of entangled states in the various implementations.
Further, we demonstrate explicitely that the gates to implement the
Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm can be realized by using a system of uncoupled
qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126453 </DOCNO>
Probing for Dark Matter within Spiral Galaxy Disks


  We explore the relative importance of the stellar mass density as compared to
the inner dark halo, using the observed gas kinematics throughout the disk of
the spiral galaxy NGC 4254 (Messier 99). We perform hydrodynamical simulations
of the gas flow for a sequence of gravitational potentials in which we vary the
stellar disk contribution to the total potential. This stellar portion of the
potential was derived empirically from color corrected K-band photometry
reflecting the spiral arms in the stellar mass, while the halo was modelled as
an isothermal sphere. The simulated gas density and the gas velocity field are
then compared to the observed stellar spiral arm morphology and to the H-alpha
gas kinematics. We find that this method is a powerful tool to determine the
corotation radius of the spiral pattern and that it can be used to place an
upper limit on the mass of the stellar disk. For the case of the galaxy NGC
4254 we find R_cr = 7.5 +/- 1.1 kpc, or R_cr = 2.1 R_exp(K'). We also
demonstrate that for a maximal disk the prominent spiral arms of the stellar
component over-predict the non-circular gas motions unless an axisymmetric dark
halo component contributes significantly (>~ 1/3) to the total potential inside
2.2 K-band exponential disk scale lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168511 </DOCNO>
A Representation for Compound Quantum Systems as Individual Entities:


  We introduce an explicit definition for 'hidden correlations' on individual
entities in a compound system: when one individual entity is measured, this
induces a well-defined transition of the 'proper state' of the other individual
entities. We prove that every compound quantum system described in the tensor
product of a finite number of Hilbert spaces can be uniquely represented as a
collection of individual(ized) (peudo-)entities between which there exist such
hidden correlations. We investigate the significance of these hidden
correlation representations within the so-called
``creation-discovery-approach'' and in particular their compatibility with the
``hidden measurement formalism''. This leads us to the introduction of the
notions of 'soft' and 'hard' 'acts of creation' and to the observation that our
approach can be seen as a theory of (pseudo-)individuals when compared to the
standard quantum theory. (For a presentation of the ideas proposed in this
paper within a quantum logical setting, yielding a structural theorem for the
representation of a compound quantum system in terms of the Hilbert space
tensor product, we refer to quant-ph/0008054.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2266 </DOCNO>
A practical density functional for polydisperse polymers


  The Flory Huggins equation of state for monodisperse polymers can be turned
into a density functional by adding a square gradient term, with a coefficient
fixed by appeal to RPA (random phase approximation). We present instead a model
nonlocal functional in which each polymer is replaced by a deterministic,
penetrable particle of known shape. This reproduces the RPA and square gradient
theories in the small deviation and/or weak gradient limits, and can readily be
extended to polydisperse chains. The utility of the new functional is shown for
the case of a polydisperse polymer solution at coexistence in a poor solvent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3110 </DOCNO>
Symmetry of high-piezoelectric Pb-based complex perovskites at the


  The symmetry was examined using neutron diffraction method on
Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 -9%PbTiO3 (PZN/9PT) which has a composition at the
morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 and PbTiO3. The
results were compared with those of other specimens with same composition but
with different prehistory. The equilibrium state of all examined specimens is
not the mixture of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases of the end members but
exists in a new polarization rotation line Mc# (orthorhombic-monoclinic line).
Among examined specimens, one exhibited tetragonal symmetry at room temperature
but recovered monoclinic phase after a cooling and heating cycle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86149 </DOCNO>
Hawking Radiation of Dirac Particles in a Variable-mass Kerr Space-time


  Hawking effect of Dirac particles in a variable-mass Kerr space-time is
investigated by using a method called as the generalized tortoise coordinate
transformation. The location and the temperature of the event horizon of the
non-stationary Kerr black hole are derived. It is shown that the temperature
and the shape of the event horizon depend not only on the time but also on the
angle. However, the Fermi-Dirac spectrum displays a residual term which is
absent from that of Bose-Einstein distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98950 </DOCNO>
A generalization of Filliman duality


  Filliman duality expresses (the characteristic measure of) a convex polytope
P containing the origin as an alternating sum of simplices that share
supporting hyperplanes with P. The terms in the alternating sum are given by a
triangulation of the polar body P^o. The duality can lead to useful formulas
for the volume of P. A limiting case called Lawrence's algorithm can be used to
compute the Fourier transform of P.
  In this note we extend Filliman duality to an involution on the space of
polytopal measures on a finite-dimensional vector space, excluding polytopes
that have a supporting hyperplane coplanar with the origin. As a special case,
if P is a convex polytope containing the origin, any realization of P^o as a
linear combination of simplices leads to a dual realization of P.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149262 </DOCNO>
The Kahler Structure of Supersymmetric Holographic RG Flows


  We study the metrics on the families of moduli spaces arising from probing
with a brane the ten and eleven dimensional supergravity solutions
corresponding to renormalisation group flows of supersymmetric large n gauge
theory. In comparing the geometry to the physics of the dual gauge theory, it
is important to identify appropriate coordinates, and starting with the case of
SU(n) gauge theories flowing from N=4 to N=1 via a mass term, we demonstrate
that the metric is Kahler, and solve for the Kahler potential everywhere along
the flow. We show that the asymptotic form of the Kahler potential, and hence
the peculiar conical form of the metric, follows from special properties of the
gauge theory. Furthermore, we find the analogous Kahler structure for the N=4
preserving Coulomb branch flows, and for an N=2 flow. In addition, we establish
similar properties for two eleven dimensional flow geometries recently
presented in the literature, one of which has a deformation of the conifold as
its moduli space. In all of these cases, we notice that the Kahler potential
appears to satisfy a simple universal differential equation. We prove that this
equation arises for all purely Coulomb branch flows dual to both ten and eleven
dimensional geometries, and conjecture that the equation holds much more
generally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76258 </DOCNO>
On Topological Defects


  The language and methods of algebraic topology, particularly homotopy theory,
have been extensively used in the study of the identification, the
classification and the evolution of defects. Topological methods provide the
means for the detection of gross features, such as holes in a manifold, and
therefore one would clearly anticipate that the defects, if identifiable by
such means, to be linked with that kind of configurations. In physical media,
however, defects usually manifest themselves in ways which have no distinct and
direct association with patterns of topological value along the lines of our
previous reference. In this paper we will postulate that the defects do not
themselves correspond to topological features. Instead, they are forced to
exist in order to redress the violation of physical rules happening as a result
of the topological nature of our system. We will, thus, assume that the
topology of our system changes with the introduction of defects. Therefore, the
relevent to our study topological methods will be applied to a well defined
physical system only in the absence of defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96075 </DOCNO>
Semiclassics in the lowest Landau band


  This paper deals with the comparison between the strong Thomas-Fermi theory
and the quantum mechanical ground state energy of a large atom confined to
lowest Landau band wave functions. Using the tools of microlocal semiclassical
spectral asymptotics we derive precise error estimates. The approach presented
in this paper suggests the definition of a modified strong Thomas-Fermi
functional, where the main modification consists in replacing the integration
over the variables perpendicular to the magnetic field by an expansion in
angular momentum eigenfunctions. The resulting DSTF theory is studied in detail
in the second part of the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2519 </DOCNO>
Geometrical aspects in Equilibrium Thermodynamics


  We discuss different aspects of the present status of the Statistical Physics
focusing the attention on the non-extensive systems, and in particular, on the
so called small systems. Multimicrocanonical Distribution and some of its
geometric aspects are presented. The same could be a very atractive way to
generalize the Thermodynamics. It is suggested that if the Multimicrocanonical
Distribution could be equivalent in the Thermodynamic Limit with some
generalized Canonical Distribution, then it is possible to estimate the
entropic index of the non-extensive thermodynamics of Tsallis without any
additional postulates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3484 </DOCNO>
Periodically-dressed Bose-Einstein condensates: a superfluid with an


  Two intersecting laser beams can produce a spatially-periodic coupling
between two components of an atomic gas and thereby modify the dispersion
relation of the gas according to a dressed-state formalism. Properties of a
Bose-Einstein condensate of such a gas are strongly affected by this
modification. A Bogoliubov transformation is presented which accounts for
interparticle interactions to obtain the quasiparticle excitation spectrum in
such a condensate. The Landau critical velocity is found to be anisotropic and
can be widely tuned by varying properties of the dressing laser beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114160 </DOCNO>
Internal energy of high density Hydrogen: Analytical approximations


  The internal energy of high-density hydrogen plasmas in the temperature range
$T = 10,000 ... 50,000 K$ is calculated by two different analytical
approximation schemes (method of effective ion-ion interaction potential - EIIP
and Pad\'e approach within the chemical picture - PACH) and compared with path
integral Monte Carlo results. Reasonable agreement between the results obtained
from the three independent calculations is found, the reasons for still
existing differences is investigated. Interesting high density phenomena such
as the formation of clusters and the onset of crystallization are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5386 </DOCNO>
Quantitative tests of mode-coupling theory for fragile and strong


  We calculate for a binary mixture of Lennard-Jones particles the time
dependence of the solution of the mode-coupling equations in which the full
wave vector dependence is taken into account. In addition we also take into
account the short time dynamics, which we model with a simple memory kernel. We
find that the so obtained solution agrees very well with the time and wave
vector dependence of the coherent and incoherent intermediate scattering
functions as determined from molecular dynamics computer simulations.
Furthermore we calculate the wave vector dependence of the Debye-Waller factor
for a realistic model of silica and compare these results with the ones
obtained from a simulation of this model. We find that if the contribution of
the three point correlation function to the vertices of the memory kernel are
taken into account, the agreement between theory and simulation is very good.
Hence we conclude that mode coupling theory is able to give a correct
quantitative description of the caging phenomena in fragile as well as strong
glass-forming liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97000 </DOCNO>
Patterns of dependence among powers of polynomials


  Let F = {f_1,...,f_r} be a family of polynomials and let the ticket of F,
T(F), denote the set of integers m so that ${f_j^m}$ is linearly dependent. We
show that |T(F)| \le (r-1)(r-2)/2 and present many concrete examples, including
one with r=6 and T(F) = {1,2,3,4,8,14}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98530 </DOCNO>
Resonance Category


  The main purpose of this paper is to introduce a new category, which we call
a resonance category, whose combinatorics reflect that of canonical
stratifications of $n$-fold symmetric smash products. The study of the
stratifications can then be abstracted to the study of functors satisfying
certain sets of axioms, which we name resonance functors.
  One frequently studied stratification is that of the set of all polynomials
of degree $n$, defined by fixing the allowed multiplicities of roots. We
describe how our abstract combinatorial framework explains the old and helps
yield some new information about the homology groups of such spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169242 </DOCNO>
Limits to clock synchronization induced by dephasing communication


  Clock synchronization procedures are analyzed in the presence of imperfect
communications. In this context we show that there are physical limitations
which prevent one from synchronizing distant clocks when the intervening medium
is completely dephasing, as in the case of a rapidly varying dispersive medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5163 </DOCNO>
Quantal phases, disorder effects and superconductivity in spin-Peierls


  In view of recent developments in the investigation on cuprate high-T${}_{\rm
c}$ superconductors and the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO${}_{3}$, we study the
effect of dilute impurity doping on the spin-Peierls state in quasi-one
dimensional systems. We identify a common origin for the emergence of
antiferromagnetic order upon the introduction of static vacancies, and
superconductivity for mobile holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123441 </DOCNO>
Global Evolution Models and the Extragalactic Background Light


  This article outlines a method to interpret the extragalactic background
light in terms of the large-scale, average properties of galaxies, including
the comoving densities of stars and interstellar gas, metals, and dust. These
quantities are related by a series of coupled conservation-type equations
analogous to the equations of galactic chemical evolution. This approach
enables us to combine observations of the emission and absorption in galaxies
and thus to relate their average stellar and interstellar contents.
Applications of the method include predictions of the global history of star
formation from absorption-line observations and corrections to the cosmic UV
emissivity for absorption by dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123839 </DOCNO>
Spectral Properties of a Sample of Low Luminosity Type I X-ray Bursters


  I report on a sample of new type I X-ray bursters, firstly detected with the
Wide Field Cameras on board BeppoSAX and then studied with the Narrow Field
Instruments on a broad spectral range (0.1-200 keV). Properties of the
transient/persistent emission are summarized and the broad band X-ray spectra
discussed in detail for a few sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129213 </DOCNO>
Can simulations reproduce the observed temperature-mass relation for


  It has become increasingly apparent that traditional hydrodynamical
simulations of galaxy clusters are unable to reproduce the observed properties
of galaxy clusters, in particular overpredicting the mass corresponding to a
given cluster temperature. Such overestimation may lead to systematic errors in
results using galaxy clusters as cosmological probes, such as constraints on
the density perturbation normalization sigma_8. In this paper we demonstrate
that inclusion of additional gas physics, namely radiative cooling and a
possible preheating of gas prior to cluster formation, is able to bring the
temperature-mass relation in the innermost parts of clusters into good
agreement with recent determinations by Allen, Schmidt & Fabian using Chandra
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123424 </DOCNO>
Deep imaging of Q2112+059: A bright host galaxy but no DLA absorber


  In a ongoing programme aimed at studying galaxy counterparts of Damped
Ly-alpha Absorbers (DLAs) we have obtained high resolution deep I-band imaging
data of the field around the z_em = 0.457 BAL QSO Q2112+059. In the literature
this QSO is listed to have a candidate DLA at z_abs = 0.2039 along the line of
sight. After subtraction of the QSO Point Spread Function (PSF) we detect a
galaxy centred on the position of Q2112+059. To help answer whether this galaxy
is the DLA or the QSO host galaxy we retrieved a GHRS spectrum of Q2112+059
from the HST-archive. This spectrum shows that there is no Ly-alpha absorption
line at z_abs = 0.2039. This fact in combination with the perfect alignment on
the sky of the galaxy and Q2112+059 lead us to the conclusion that the galaxy
must be the host galaxy of Q2112+059.
  The host galaxy of Q2112+059 is bright (M_I^obs = -23.6), and has a radial
profile well fitted by a {\it modified Hubble + de Vaucouleurs} profile with
R_c = 0.5 kpc and R_e = 3.6 kpc. Our results are well in line with the
conclusion of earlier work done at lower redshifts, that bright low redshift
QSOs preferentially reside in luminous, elliptical galaxies. The host of
Q2112+059 is however, despite it's brightness, very compact when compared to
early type galaxies at lower redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 447 </DOCNO>
Flip dynamics in octagonal rhombus tiling sets


  We investigate the properties of classical single flip dynamics in sets of
two-dimensional random rhombus tilings. Single flips are local moves involving
3 tiles which sample the tiling sets {\em via} Monte Carlo Markov chains. We
determine the ergodic times of these dynamical systems (at infinite
temperature): they grow with the system size $N_T$ like $Cst. N_T^2 \ln N_T$;
these dynamics are rapidly mixing. We use an inherent symmetry of tiling sets
and a powerful tool from probability theory, the coupling technique. We also
point out the interesting occurrence of Gumbel distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98698 </DOCNO>
Twisted Vertex Operators and A-D-E Representations


  In this paper, we study the algebra of twisted vertex operators over an even
integral ${\mathbf Z}_2$-lattice, and give a kind of systematic construction of
fundamental representations for affine Lie algebras of type $A$, $D$, $E$ with
their irreducible decompositions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73887 </DOCNO>
Rare (B -> l^+ l^- gamma) decay and new physics effects


  Using the most general, model independent form of the effective Hamiltonian
rare decays (B -> l^+ l^- gamma (l=mu, tau)) are studied. The sensitivity of
the photon energy distribution and branching ratio to the new Wilson
coefficients is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81467 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on the lattice


  Recent development in numerical simulations of supersymmetric Yang-Mills
(SYM) theories on the lattice is reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148790 </DOCNO>
On spherical harmonics for fuzzy spheres in diverse dimensions


  We construct spherical harmonics for fuzzy spheres of even and odd
dimensions, generalizing the correspondence between finite matrix algebras and
fuzzy two-spheres.
  The finite matrix algebras associated with the various fuzzy spheres have a
natural basis which falls in correspondence with tensor constructions of
irreducible representations of orthogonal groups SO(n). This basis is useful in
describing fluctuations around various D-brane constructions of fuzzy spherical
objects. The higher fuzzy spheres are non-associative algebras that appear as
projections of associative algebras related to Matrices. The non-associativity
(as well as the non-commutativity) disappears in the leading large $N$ limit,
ensuring the correct classical limit. Some simple aspects of the combinatorics
of the fuzzy four-sphere can be accounted by a heuristic picture of giant
fractional instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125964 </DOCNO>
Maser and thermal methanol emission in the millimeter wave range: new


  Results of a survey of Galactic star-forming regions in the lines of methanol
8_{-1}-7_0E at 229.8 GHz, 3_{-2}-4_{-1}E at 230.0 GHz, 0_0-1_{-1}E at 108.9
GHz, and a series of methanol lines J_1-J_0E near 165 GHz are presented. Two
masers, DR 21(OH) and DR 21West, and two maser candidates, L 379IRS3 and NGC
6334I(N), as well as 16 thermal sources are found at 229.8 GHz. This is the
first detection of methanol masers at a wavelength as short as 1 mm. At 108.9
GHz, masers were found towards G345.01+1.79 and probably, towards M 8E. Thermal
emission is found towards 28 objects. Only thermal emission was found at 165
and 230.0 GHz (20 and 7 sources, respectively). The masers at 229.8 GHz belong
to class I, whereas those at 108.9 GHz belong to class II, according to the
classification by Menten (1991). The masers in DR 21(OH) and DR 21West can be
roughly fitted by models with the gas kinetic temperature of the order of 50K.
The detection of the 108.9 GHz masers towards G345.01+1.79 and M 8E may
indicate on a specific geometry of these objects. The combination of the
existence of the class II J_0-J_{-1}E masers towards W 3(OH), G345.01+1.79, W
48, and Cep A and our non-detection of the 3_{-2}-4_{-1}E and J_1-J_0E lines is
an evidence that the class II masers in these objects are pumped by the
radiation of hot dust rather than by that of UC HII-regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6456 </DOCNO>
Electron (hole) paramagnetic resonance of spherical CdSe nanocrystals


  A new mechanism of electron paramagnetic resonance in spherical zinc-blende
semiconductor nanocrystals, based on the extended orbital motion of electrons
in the entire nanocrystal, is presented. Quantum confinement plays a crucial
role in making the resonance signal observable. The mechanism remains operative
in nanocrystals with uniaxially distorted shape. A theoretical model based on
the proposed mechanism is in good quantitative agreement with unusual ODMR
spectra observed in nearly spherical CdSe nanocrystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114224 </DOCNO>
Being at Rest


  As a subject, an observer is fundamentally at rest in a reference frame, and
this being at rest allows for measuring the motion of physical objects.
Exploring the experience of centrifugal force brings to the fore the natural
inclination to see oneself at rest in a reference frame. The discrepancy
between the experience of centrifugal force and its lack of fundamental
significance in Newton's laws of motion points toward the importance of the
observer as a subject in his or her own reference frame, specifically the
observer's experience of being at rest in this reference frame. In addition,
the observer's being at rest for himself or herself in a reference frame is a
central feature of both special and general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127612 </DOCNO>
The TNG Near Infrared Camera Spectrometer


  NICS (acronym for Near Infrared Camera Spectrometer) is the near-infrared
cooled camera-spectrometer that has been developed by the Arcetri Infrared
Group at the Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory, in collaboration with the
CAISMI-CNR for the TNG (the Italian National Telescope Galileo at La Palma,
Canary Islands, Spain).
  As NICS is in its scientific commissioning phase, we report its observing
capabilities in the near-infrared bands at the TNG, along with the measured
performance and the limiting magnitudes. We also describe some technical
details of the project, such as cryogenics, mechanics, and the system which
executes data acquisition and control, along with the related software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83829 </DOCNO>
Testing for Mathematical Lineation in Jim Crace's "Quarantine" and T. S.


  The mathematical distinction between prose and verse may be detected in
writings that are not apparently lineated, for example in T. S. Eliot's "Burnt
Norton", and Jim Crace's "Quarantine". In this paper we offer comments on
appropriate statistical methods for such work, and also on the nature of formal
innovation in these two texts. Additional remarks are made on the roots of
lineation as a metrical form, and on the prose-verse continuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127846 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Redshift Evolution of Clustering: the Hubble Deep Field


  We present an analysis of the evolution of galaxy clustering in the redshift
interval 0<z<4.5 in the HDF-S. The HST optical data are combined with infrared
ISAAC/VLT observations, and photometric redshifts are used for all the galaxies
brighter than I_AB<27.5. The clustering signal is obtained in different
redshift bins using two different approaches: a standard one, which uses the
best redshift estimate of each object, and a second one, which takes into
account the redshift probability function of each object. This second method
makes it possible to improve the information in the redshift intervals where
contamination from objects with insecure redshifts is important. With both
methods, we find that the clustering strength up to z~3.5 in the HDF-S is
consistent with the previous results in the HDF-N. While at redshift lower than
z~1 the HDF galaxy population is un/anti-biased (b<1) with respect to the
underlying dark matter, at high redshift the bias increases up to b~2-3,
depending on the cosmological model. These results support previous claims
that, at high redshift, galaxies are preferentially located in massive haloes,
as predicted by the biased galaxy formation scenario. The impact of cosmic
errors on our analyses has been quantified, showing that errors in the
clustering measurements in the HDF surveys are indeed dominated by shot-noise
in most regimes. Future observations with instruments like the ACS on HST will
improve the S/N by at least a factor of two and more detailed analyses of the
errors will be required. In fact, pure shot-noise will give a smaller
contribution with respect to other sources of errors, such as finite volume
effects or non-Poissonian discreteness effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5980 </DOCNO>
Electron microscopy of the strain on the Si(111)$7\times7$ surface


  The Si(111)7x7 surface was observed by reflection electron microscopy (REM)
and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) simultaneously in an ultra-high vacuum
electron microscope. The distance between the STM tip and the Si surface was
detected from the REM image, which showed the real and the mirror image of the
tip. We approached the tip to the surface or retracted from the surface by a
piezo drive to observe the strain induced on the Si(111)7x7 surface as a
function of the tip-surface distance. This investigation was done with and
without the bias voltage between the tip and the substrate. With bias voltage
of 1.0 V on the sample, the tip was approached to 1.6 nm above the sample
surface for the tunneling current of 0.8 nA, no detectable order of strain
(10^{-4}) was induced on the sample surface. When the bias decreased within the
range of -0.3 - +0.5 V, the surface was compressed over the Si surface area of
100 nm. Without the bias voltage, tensile and compressive strain was detected
as the tip-surface distance changed from attractive to the repulsive
interaction regime. The strain field extended over 50 - 140 nm, and the force
became neutral at the tip-substrate distance of 0.45 nm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168833 </DOCNO>
A fidelity measure for quantum channels


  We propose a fidelity measure for quantum channels in a straightforward
analogy to the corresponding mixed-state fidelity of Jozsa. We describe
properties of this fidelity measure and discuss some applications of it to
quantum information science.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95916 </DOCNO>
On The Geometry of Field Theoretic Gerstenhaber Structures


  Field theoretical models with first order Lagrangean can be formulated in a
covariant Hamiltonian formalism. In this article, the geometrical construction
of the Gerstenhaber structure that encodes the equations of motion is explained
for arbitrary fibre bundles. Special emphasis has been put on naturality of the
constructions. Further, the treatment of symmetries is explained. Finally, the
canonical field theoretical 2-form is obtained by pull back and integration of
the polysymplectic form over space like hypersurfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74303 </DOCNO>
An effective lagrangian description of charged Higgs decays H^+ -> Wg,


  Charged Higgs decays are discussed within an effective lagrangian extension
of the two-higgs doublet model, assuming new physics appearing in the Higgs
sector of this model. Low energy constrains are used to imposse bounds on
certain dimension -six operators that describe the modified charged Higgs
interactions. These bounds are used then to study the decays H^+ -> Wg, WZ and
Wh, which can have branching ratios of order 10^-5, 10^-1 and O(1),
respectively; thse modes are thus sensitive probes of the symmetries of the
Higgs sector that could be tested at future colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179724 </DOCNO>
Thermal description of particle production in ultra-relativistic


  The grand-canonical version of the thermal model is used to analyze the
ratios of particle abundances measured in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion
collisions. Exactly the same model is applied to study the heavy-ion reactions
at BNL AGS, CERN SPS, and BNL RHIC. A very good description is achieved for
Pb+Pb collisions at SPS, and for Au+Au collisions at RHIC. In these two cases
the value of the temperature characterizing the chemical freeze-out is
practically same: T=168 MeV at SPS and T=165 MeV at RHIC. On the other hand,
the particle ratios measured in the collisions of lighter nuclei are described
only in the qualitative way. We discuss also the effect of the possible
in-medium modifications of hadron masses and widths on the thermal fits. For
Pb+Pb collisions at SPS and Au+Au collisions at RHIC we find that the chi^2
fits favor slightly a moderate (20%) decrease of the masses. In-medium
modifications of the widths have little effect on the fits, unless they are
increased by a factor larger than 2. We study in detail the thermodynamic
conditions characterizing the chemical freeze-out. In particular, we find that
the average baryon energy is 1.6 GeV and the average meson energy is 0.9 GeV.
This difference reflects a different behavior of the mass spectra of mesons and
baryons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76197 </DOCNO>
Production and Detection of Black Holes at Neutrino Array


  We consider the production of black holes caused by the collision between
high-energy cosmic neutrinos and nuclei contained in detectors. If the
fundamental scale M_{*} is O(TEV), as some higher-dimensional theories suggest,
ICECUBE detector may observe about 10^{4} - 10^{2} black holes per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86669 </DOCNO>
A Conserved Bach Current


  The Bach tensor and a vector which generates conformal symmetries allow a
conserved four-current to be defined. The Bach four-current gives rise to a
quasilocal two-surface expression for power per luminosity distance in the
Vaidya exterior of collapsing fluid interiors. This is interpreted in terms of
entropy generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2948 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of the XXZ chain with next-nearest-neighbor interactions


  We calculate the quantum phase diagram of the {\it XXZ} chain with
nearest-neighbor (NN) $J_{1}$ and next-NN exchange $J_{2}$ with anisotropies
$\Delta_{1}$ and $\Delta_{2}$ respectively. In particular we consider the case
$\Delta_{1}=-\Delta_{2}$ to interpolate between the {\it XX} chain ($%
\Delta_{i}=0$) and the isotropic model with ferromagnetic $J_{2}$. For $%
\Delta_{1}<-1$, a ferromagnetic and two antiferromagnetic phases exist. For $|
\Delta_{i}| <1$, the boundary between the dimer and spin fluid phases is
determined by the method of crossing of excitation spectra. For large
$J_{2}/J_{1}$, this method seems to indicate the existence of a second spin
fluid critical phase. However, an analysis of the spin stiffness and magnetic
susceptibility for $\Delta_{1}=\Delta_{2}=1$ suggest that a small gap is
present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6078 </DOCNO>
What High Pressure Studies Have Taught Us about High-Temperature


  Superconductivity is an important area of modern research which has benefited
enormously from experiments under high pressure conditions. The focus of this
paper will be on three classes of high-temperature superconductors: (1) the new
binary compound MgB2, (2) the alkali-doped fullerenes, and (3) the cuprate
oxides. We will discuss results from experiment and theory which illustrate the
kinds of vital information the high-pressure variable can give to help better
understand these fascinating materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128931 </DOCNO>
Gas flows around 2 young stellar clusters in NGC2264


  Observations of the dust and gas toward two young stellar clusters, IRS1 and
IRS2, in the NGC2264 star forming region are presented. Continuum emission is
used to locate the dusty envelopes around the clusters and individual
protostars within and line emission from the J=3-2 transitions of HCO+ and
H13CO+ is used to diagnose the gas flows around them. The molecular abundance,
velocity centroid and dispersion are approximately constant across the IRS1
clump. With these constraints, the self-absorbed HCO+ lines are modeled as a
large scale collapse, with speed v_in=0.3 km/s and mass infall rate dM/dt=4e-4
Msun/yr, falling onto an expanding central core. The signature of large scale
collapse, with a similar speed and mass infall rate, is also found toward IRS2
but again appears disrupted at small scales. Individual protostars are resolved
in this cluster and their size and velocity dispersion show that the stellar
system is currently bound and no older than 0.5 Myr, but is destined to become
unbound and disperse as the surrounding cloud material is lost.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5256 </DOCNO>
q-linear approximants: Scaling functions for polygon models


  The perimeter and area generating functions of exactly solvable polygon
models satisfy q-functional equations, where q is the area variable. The
behaviour in the vicinity of the point where the perimeter generating function
diverges can often be described by a scaling function. We develop the method of
q-linear approximants in order to extract the approximate scaling behaviour of
polygon models when an exact solution is not known. We test the validity of our
method by approximating exactly solvable q-linear polygon models. This leads to
scaling functions for a number of q-linear polygon models, notably generalized
rectangles, Ferrers diagrams, and stacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6581 </DOCNO>
Mechanical response of random heteropolymers


  We present an analytical theory for heteropolymer deformation, as exemplified
experimentally by stretching of single protein molecules. Using a mean-field
replica theory, we determine phase diagrams for stress-induced unfolding of
typical random sequences. This transition is sharp in the limit of infinitely
long chain molecules. But for chain lengths relevant to biological
macromolecules, partially unfolded conformations prevail over an intermediate
range of stress. These necklace-like structures, comprised of alternating
compact and extended subunits, are stabilized by quenched variations in the
composition of finite chain segments. The most stable arrangements of these
subunits are largely determined by preferential extension of segments rich in
solvophilic monomers. This predicted significance of necklace structures
explains recent observations in protein stretching experiments. We examine the
statistical features of select sequences that give rise to mechanical strength
and may thus have guided the evolution of proteins that carry out mechanical
functions in living cells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128616 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Analysis of the DAB White Dwarf PG 1115+166: An Unresolved


  A spectroscopic analysis of the DAB white dwarf PG 1115+166 is presented. The
observed hydrogen and helium line profiles are shown to be incompatible with
model spectra calculated under the assumption of homogeneous or stratified
chemical compositions. In contrast, an excellent fit to the optical spectrum of
PG 1115+166 can be achieved if the object is interpreted as an unresolved
double degenerate composed of a hydrogen-line DA star and a helium-line DB
star. The atmospheric parameters obtained from the best fit are Teff=22,090 K
and log g=8.12 for the DA star, Teff=16,210 K and log g=8.19 for the DB star.
This binary interpretation is consistent with the results recently reported by
Burleigh et al. that PG 1115+166 also exhibits radial velocity variations. The
implications of this discovery with respect to the DAB spectral class are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96976 </DOCNO>
Basic properties of SLE


  SLE is a random growth process based on Loewner's equation with driving
parameter a one-dimensional Brownian motion running with speed $\kappa$. This
process is intimately connected with scaling limits of percolation clusters and
with the outer boundary of Brownian motion, and is conjectured to correspond to
scaling limits of several other discrete processes in two dimensions.
  The present paper attempts a first systematic study of SLE. It is proved that
for all $\kappa\ne 8$ the SLE trace is a path; for $\kappa\in[0,4]$ it is a
simple path; for $\kappa\in(4,8)$ it is a self-intersecting path; and for
$\kappa>8$ it is space-filling.
  It is also shown that the Hausdorff dimension of the SLE trace is a.s. at
most $1+\kappa/8$ and that the expected number of disks of size $\eps$ needed
to cover it inside a bounded set is at least $\eps^{-(1+\kappa/8)+o(1)}$ for
$\kappa\in[0,8)$ along some sequence $\eps\to 0$. Similarly, for $\kappa\ge 4$,
the Hausdorff dimension of the outer boundary of the SLE hull is a.s. at most
$1+2/\kappa$, and the expected number of disks of radius $\eps$ needed to cover
it is at least $\eps^{-(1+2/\kappa)+o(1)}$ for a sequence $\eps\to 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97035 </DOCNO>
On the Floquet Theory of Delay Differential Equations


  We present an analytical approach to deal with nonlinear delay differential
equations close to instabilities of time periodic reference states. To this end
we start with approximately determining such reference states by extending the
Poincar'e Lindstedt and the Shohat expansions which were originally developed
for ordinary differential equations. Then we systematically elaborate a linear
stability analysis around a time periodic reference state. This allows to
approximately calculate the Floquet eigenvalues and their corresponding
eigensolutions by using matrix valued continued fractions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1946 </DOCNO>
Exact time-dependent correlation functions for the symmetric exclusion


  As a simple model for single-file diffusion of hard core particles we
investigate the one-dimensional symmetric exclusion process. We consider an
open semi-infinite system where one end is coupled to an external reservoir of
constant density $\rho^\ast$ and which initially is in an non-equilibrium state
with bulk density $\rho_0$. We calculate the exact time-dependent two-point
density correlation function $C_{k,l}(t)\equiv <n_k(t)n_l(t)>-
<n_k(t)><n_l(t)>$ and the mean and variance of the integrated average net flux
of particles $N(t)-N(0)$ that have entered (or left) the system up to time $t$.
We find that the boundary region of the semi-infinite relaxing system is in a
state similar to the bulk state of a finite stationary system driven by a
boundary gradient. The symmetric exclusion model provides a rare example where
such behavior can be proved rigorously on the level of equal-time two-point
correlation functions. Some implications for the relaxational dynamics of
entangled polymers and for single-file diffusion in colloidal systems are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76164 </DOCNO>
Spin structure function g_1 at low x: status and plans


  A brief review of measurements and expectations concerning the spin structure
function g_1 of the nucleon at low values of the scaling variable x is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87119 </DOCNO>
Circular Holonomy and Clock Effects in Stationary Axisymmetric


  Stationary axisymmetric spacetimes containing a pair of oppositely-rotating
periodically-intersecting circular geodesics allow the study of various
so-called `clock effects' by comparing either observer or geodesic proper time
periods of orbital circuits defined by the observer or the geodesic crossing
points. This can be extended from a comparison of clocks to a comparison of
parallel transported vectors, leading to the study of special elements of the
spacetime holonomy group. The band of holonomy invariance found for a dense
subset of special geodesic orbits outside a certain radius in the static case
does not exist in the nonstatic case. In the Kerr spacetime the dimensionless
frequencies associated with parallel transport rotations can be expressed as
ratios of the proper and average coordinate periods of the circular geodesics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148059 </DOCNO>
Non-Perturbative Superpotentials from Membrane Instantons in Heterotic


  A formalism for calculating the open supermembrane contribution to the
non-perturbative superpotential of moduli in heterotic M-theory is presented.
This is explicitly applied to the Calabi-Yau (1,1)-moduli and the separation
modulus of the end-of-the-world BPS three-branes, whose non-perturbative
superpotential is computed. The role of gauge bundles on the boundaries of the
open supermembranes is discussed in detail, and a topological criterion
presented for the associated superpotential to be non-vanishing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149318 </DOCNO>
Dial M for Flavor Symmetry Breaking


  We introduce a realization of Seiberg duality in MQCD that does not involve
moving branes. Using related arguments in M Theory and IIA, we investigate the
flavor symmetry breaking via flavored magnetic monopole condensation of
hep-th/0005076. We verify our results by considering visualizations of M5
branes corresponding to $\N=2$ vacua which survive soft breaking by an adjoint
mass term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125239 </DOCNO>
Subarcsecond Mid-IR Structure of the Dust Shell around IRAS 22272+5435


  We report sub-arcsecond imaging of extended mid-infrared emission from a
proto-planetary nebula (PPN), \iras 22272+5435, performed at the MMT
observatory with its newly upgraded 6.5 m aperture telescope and at the Keck
observatory. The mid-infrared emission structure is resolved into two emission
peaks separated by $0\arcsec.5 - 0\arcsec.6$ in the MMT 11.7 $\um$ image and in
the Keck 7.9, 9.7, and 12.5 $\um$ images, corroborating the predictions based
on previous multi-wavelength morphological studies and radiative transfer
calculations. The resolved images show that the PPN dust shell has a toroidal
structure with the $0\arcsec.5$ inner radius. In addition, an unresolved mid-IR
excess appears at the nebula center. Radiative transfer model calculations
suggest that the highly equatorially-enhanced ($\rho_{\rm eq}/\rho_{\rm pole} =
9$) structure of the PPN shell was generated by an axisymmetric superwind with
${\dot M}_{\rm sw} = 4 \times 10^{-6} M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, which was preceded
by a spherical asymptotic giant branch (AGB) wind with ${\dot M}_{\rm AGB} = 8
\times 10^{-7} M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. These model calculations also indicate
that the superwind shell contains larger dust grains than the AGB wind shell.
The unresolved mid-infrared excess may have been produced by a post-AGB mass
loss at a rate of $2 - 6 \times 10^{-7} M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. While the central
star left the AGB about 380 years ago after the termination of the superwind,
the star seems to have been experiencing an ambient post-AGB mass loss with a
sudden, increased mass ejection about 10 years ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75320 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations in Extra Dimensions


  The characteristics and phenomenology of neutrino oscillation in extra
dimensions are briefly reviewed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127801 </DOCNO>
The radio/optical alignment and the recent star formation associated


  We used the direct CCD camera at the Magellan I telescope at Las Campanas
Observatory and FORS1 at Antu VLT at ESO Paranal Observatory to image fields
centered on the inner and outer optical filaments in the halo of NGC 5128. In
the V vs. U-V color-magnitude diagrams we have identified young blue
supergiants associated with these line-emitting filaments located between the
inner radio lobe and the northern middle lobe. Around the outer filament stars
as young as 10 Myr were detected. They are principally aligned with the
direction of the radio jet, but a vertical north-east alignment along the edge
of the HI cloud is also present. Young stars in the inner filament field are
found inside the bright knots of photoionized gas and are strongly aligned in
the direction towards the center of the galaxy at the same position angle as
the inner radio jet. Fitting the Padova isochrones on UV color-magnitude
diagrams we find that the blue stars around the inner filaments have ages
similar to the ones around the outer filaments ~10-15 Myr and the same
abundance of Z=0.004. The presence of young blue supergiants clearly shows that
the bright blue knots in the north-eastern halo of NGC 5128 are associations of
young stars with photoionized gas. The temperature of the brightest stars is T
\~ 12000-16000 K, insufficient to account alone for the high excitation lines
observed in the surrounding ionized gas. Thus the optical emission jet is
principally seen due to its alignment with the radio structure of the AGN. The
highly collimated star formation is present only in the north eastern halo of
the galaxy, suggesting the interaction of the jet with the gas clouds deposited
during the last accretion event as the preferred triggering mechanism.
(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2286 </DOCNO>
Self-trapping of light and nonlinear localized modes in 2D photonic


  We overview our recent results on the nonlinear localized modes in
two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals and photonic-crystal waveguides.
Employing the technique based on the Green function, we describe the existence
domains for nonlinear guided modes in photonic crystal waveguides and study
their unique properties including bistability. We also show that low-amplitude
nonlinear modes near the band edge of a reduced-symmetry 2D square-lattice
photonic crystals, which are usually unstable, can be stabilized due to
effective long-range linear and nonlinear interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75823 </DOCNO>
Time Delay Between Gravitational Waves and Neutrino Burst From a


  During Supernova explosions two signals, Gravitational burst wave and
Neutrino Burst, of different nature, originated within 0.1 s from thesuper nova
explosion will be radiated in the outer space. If the neutrinos (as well as the
gravitons) are massless particles, than the original interval (if any) between
the two signals will be freezed forever. On the contrary, if the neutrinos have
a tiny mass, the time delay will increase during the propagation because of the
slower velocity of the neutrinos with respect to the massless gravitons.
Therefore, two signals, of different nature, originated within 0.1 s from the
super nova explosion will be radiated in the outer space. If the neutrinos (as
well as the gravitons) are massless particles, than the original interval (if
any) between the two signals will be freezed forever. If the neutrino has a
mass the time delay will increase during the propagation because of the slower
velocity of the neutrinos with respect to the massless gravitons: the time
delay detection may measure the neutrino mass or its absence may inferr a
severe neutrino mass bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74788 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis and Neutrinos at a TeV


  We consider a model for leptogenesis in which all the relevant physics is
accessible in collider experiments. This requires a moderate extension of the
standard model which generates small neutrino masses via TeV scale right-handed
neutrinos. The necessary Sakharov criteria are satisfied in such a way that all
existing experimental constraints are satisfied. We demonstrate how the
requisite baryon to entropy ratio is generated, and discuss some possible
experimental signatures of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123490 </DOCNO>
The Equilibrium State of Molecular Regions in the Outer Galaxy


  A summary of global properties and an evaluation of the equilibrium state of
molecular regions in the outer Galaxy are presented from the decomposition of
the FCRAO Outer Galaxy Survey and targeted 12CO and 13CO observations of four
giant molecular cloud complexes. The ensemble of identified objects includes
both small, isolated clouds and clumps within larger cloud complexes. 12CO
velocity dispersions show little variation with cloud sizes for radii less than
10 pc. It is demonstrated that the internal motions of regions with molecular
masses greater than 10**4 msuns are bound by self gravity, yet, the constituent
clumps of cloud complexes and isolated molecular clouds with M < 10**3 msuns
are not in self gravitational equilibrium. The required external pressures to
maintain the equilibrium of this population are (1-2)x10**4 cm-3-K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123907 </DOCNO>
The radio-loudness dichotomy: environment or black-hole mass?


  The results of a comprehensive study of the cluster environments and
black-hole masses of an optically matched sample of radio-loud and radio-quiet
quasars are presented. No evidence is found for a difference in large-scale
environments, with both quasar classes found to be located in clusters of Abell
class $\sim0$ . Conversely, virial black-hole mass estimates based on
H$_{\beta}$ line-widths show a clear difference in the quasar black-hole mass
distributions. Our results suggest that a black-hole mass of
$\sim10^{9}\Msolar$ is required to produce a powerful radio-loud quasar, and
that it is black-hole mass and accretion rate which hold the key to the
radio-loudness dichotomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1371 </DOCNO>
The equation of state for almost elastic, smooth, polydisperse granular


  Simulation results of dense granular gases with particles of different size
are compared with theoretical predictions concerning the pair-correlation
functions, the collison rate, the energy dissipation, and the mixture pressure.
The effective particle-particle correlation function, which enters the equation
of state in the same way as the correlation function of monodisperse granular
gases, depends only on the total volume fraction and on the dimensionless width
A of the size-distribution function. The ''global equation of state'' is
proposed, which unifies both the dilute and the dense regime.
  The knowledge about a global equation of state is applied to steady-state
situations of granular gases in the gravitational field, where averages over
many snapshots are possible. The numerical results on the density profile agree
perfectly with the predictions based on the global equation of state, for
monodisperse situations. In the bi- or polydisperse cases, segregation occurs
with the heavy particles at the bottom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73682 </DOCNO>
Probing new physics in rare charm processes


  We explore the sensitivity of the flavour changing neutral currents among c
and u quarks in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. The
standard model rate for c->u gamma can be enhanced by up to two orders of
magnitudes in general MSSM, while the c->ul^+l^- rate can be enhanced by at
most a factor of three. The most suitable hadronic observable to probe the c->u
gamma transition is the decay B_c->B_u^* gamma or the difference in decay rates
of D^0->rho^0 gamma and D^0->omega gamma, since they are relatively free of the
long distance contributions. The c ->ul^+l^- transition may be probed in D ->pi
l^+l^- decays at high high di-lepton mass and we predict the long distance
contributions for these modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129219 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey -V. The nature of the hard


  We present optical spectroscopic identifications of hard X-ray (5-10 keV)
selected sources belonging to the HELLAS sample obtained with BeppoSAX down to
a 5-10 keV flux limit of f_{5-10 keV}~3x10^-14 erg cm^-2 s^-1. The sample
consists of 118 sources. 25 sources have been identified trough correlations
with catalogues of known sources. 49 have been searched for spectroscopic
identification at the telescope. 13 fields resulted empty down to R=21. 37
sources have been identified with type 1 AGN and 9 with type 2 AGN. The
remaining are: 5 narrow emission line galaxies, 6 Clusters, 2 BL Lac, 1 Radio
Galaxy and 1 Star. Combining these objects with other hard X-ray selected AGNs
from ASCA and HEAO1, we find that the local luminosity function of type 1 AGN
in the 2-10 keV band is fairly well represented by a double-power-law-function.
There is evidence for significant cosmological evolution according to a pure
luminosity evolution (PLE) model L_X(z)~(1+z)^k, with k=2.12 and k=2.22 in a
(Omega_m,Omega_lambda)=(1.0,0.0) and in a (Omega_m,Omega_lambda)=(0.3,0.7)
cosmology, respectively. The data show an excess of faint high redshift type 1
AGN which is well modeled by a luminosity dependent density evolution (LDDE),
similarly to what observed in the soft X-rays. However, in both cosmologies,
the statistic is not significant enough to distinguish between the PLE and LDDE
models. The fitted models imply a contribution of AGN1 to the 2-10 keV X-ray
background from 35% up to 60%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41347 </DOCNO>
Recent Results from KTeV


  Recent results are presented for (1) the charge asymmetry in semielectronic
kaon decay; (2) the charge radius of the neutral kaon; (3) the decay Klong ->
pi0 pi0 e+e-; (4) constraints on rho(CKM) from kaon decays; (5) lepton flavor
violation. A few words about future kaon physics work at Fermilab are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169117 </DOCNO>
Entangled light from white noise


  An atom that couples to two distinct leaky optical cavities is driven by an
external optical white noise field. We describe how entanglement between the
light fields sustained by two optical cavities arises in such a situation. The
entanglement is maximized for intermediate values of the cavity damping rates
and the intensity of the white noise field, vanishing both for small and for
large values of these parameters and thus exhibiting a
stochastic-resonance-like behaviour. This example illustrates the possibility
of generating entanglement by exclusively incoherent means and sheds new light
on the constructive role noise may play in certain tasks of interest for
quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113586 </DOCNO>
Analytic tomography of the mantle in a spherically Earth. The technique


  An explicit expression for P-wave velocity is proposed to develop a novel
tomographic technique in a spherically symmetric model of the Earth (MZY). The
distribution of the P velocity structure in the mantle is determined using only
34 P- and 2 PcP-observed traveltimes. By applying a non-linear inversion, the
P-residuals in the range between 0 and 100 degrees are minimised up to a
maximum value of 0.015 s. Furthermore, from the high quality computation of PcP
traveltimes, with residuals much better than 0.13 s, it is possible to infer
the existence of a brief low velocity layer in the D" region. This is then
followed by a gradual increasing in the velocity profile towards the core,
which begins at a depth of 2893.9 km.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149574 </DOCNO>
On structure of superon-graviton model(SGM)


  The fundamental action of superon-graviton model(SGM) for space-time and
matter is written down explicitly in terms of the fields of the graviton and
superons by using the affine and the spin connection formalisms, alternatively.
Some characteristic structures including some hidden symmetries of the
gravitational coupling of superons are manifested (in two dimensional
space-time) with some details of the calculations. SGM cosmology is discussed
briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72684 </DOCNO>
Total Photonic and Hadronic Cross-sections


  We discuss total cross-sections within the context of the QCD calculable
mini-jet model, highlighting its successes and failures. In particular we show
its description of $\gamma \gamma \to hadrons$ and compare it with OPAL and L3
data. We extrapolate this result to $\gamma p$ total cross-sections and propose
a phenomenological ans\"atz for virtual photon cross-sections. We point out
that the good agreement with data obtained with the Eikonal Minijet Model
should not hide the many uncertainties buried in the impact parameter
distribution. A model obtained from Soft Gluon Summation is briefly discussed
and its application to hadronic cross-sections is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5263 </DOCNO>
Superconducting and pseudogap phases from scaling near a Van Hove


  We study the quantum corrections to the Fermi energy of a two-dimensional
electron system, showing that it is attracted towards the Van Hove singularity
for a certain range of doping levels. The scaling of the Fermi level allows to
cure the infrared singularities left in the BCS channel after renormalization
of the leading logarithm near the divergent density of states. A phase of
d-wave superconductivity arises beyond the point of optimal doping
corresponding to the peak of the superconducting instability. For lower doping
levels, the condensation of particle-hole pairs due to the nesting of the
saddle points takes over, leading to the opening of a gap for quasiparticles in
the neighborhood of the singular points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5444 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Spin-1 aggregation model in one dimension"


  M. Girardi and W. Figueiredo have proposed a simple model of aggregation in
one dimension to mimic the self-assembly of amphiphiles in aqueous solution
[Phys. Rev. E 62, 8344 (2000)]. We point out that interesting results can be
obtained if a different set of interactions is considered, instead of their
choice (the s=1 Ising model).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128848 </DOCNO>
Evolutionary models for low-mass stars and brown dwarfs: uncertainties


  We analyse pre-Main Sequence evolutionary tracks for low mass stars with
masses $m \le 1.4 \msol$ based on the Baraffe et al. (1998) input physics. We
also extend the recent Chabrier et al. (2000) evolutionary models based on
dusty atmosphere to young brown dwarfs down to one mass of Jupiter. We analyse
current theoretical uncertainties due to molecular line lists, convection and
initial conditions. Simple tests on initial conditions show the high
uncertainties of models at ages $\simle$ 1 Myr. We find a significant
sensitivity of atmosphere profiles to the treatment of convection at low
gravity and $\te < 4000$ K, whereas it vanishes as gravity increases. This
effect adds another source of uncertainty on evolutionary tracks at very early
phases. We show that at low surface gravity ($\log g \simle 3.5$,) the common
picture of vertical Hayashi lines with constant $\te$ is oversimplified. The
effect of a variation of initial deuterium abundance is studied. We compare our
models with evolutionary tracks available in the literature and discuss the
main differences. We finally analyse to which extent current observations of
young systems provide a good test for pre-Main Sequence tracks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123716 </DOCNO>
Bisector analysis as a diagnostic of intrinsic radial-velocity


  In this contribution we present the results of the application of the
bisector of the cross-correlation function as a diagnostic of activity-related
radial-velocity variations. The results show that the technique is very
effective. We present examples for which the application of the bisector
analysis was essential to establish the planetary nature of the candidate or to
exclude an orbital signature. An analysis of the behaviour of the bisector for
active dwarfs of different spectral types shows that the relation between the
bisector and the radial-velocity variation depends in a great extent on the v
sin(i) of the star. The results may shed a new light on the intrinsic sources
of radial-velocity variation for different types of solar-type dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73144 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading resummed coefficient function for the shape function


  We present a next-to-leading evaluation of the resummed coefficient function
for the shape function. The results confirm our previous leading order
analysis, namely that the coefficient function is short-distance-dominated, and
allow relating the shape function computed with a non-perturbative technique to
the physical QCD distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128215 </DOCNO>
Saturation and Thermalization of the Magnetorotational Instability:


  The nonlinear evolution and the saturation mechanism of the magnetorotational
instability (MRI) are investigated using three-dimensional resistive MHD
simulations. A local shearing box is used for our numerical analysis and the
simulations begin with a purely vertical magnetic field. We find that the
magnetic stress in the nonlinear stage of the MRI is strongly fluctuating. The
time evolution shows the quasi-periodic recurrence of spike-shape variations
typically for a few orbits which correspond to the rapid amplification of the
magnetic field by the nonlinear growth of a two-channel solution followed by
the decay through magnetic reconnections. The increase rate of the total energy
in the shearing box system is analytically related to the volume-averaged
torque in the system. We find that at the saturated state this energy gain of
the system is balanced with the increase of the thermal energy mostly due to
the joule heating. The spike-shape time evolution is a general feature of the
nonlinear evolution of the MRI in the disks threaded by vertical fields and can
be seen if the effective magnetic Reynolds number is larger than about unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127117 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Reionization at z ~ 6: Detection of a Gunn-Peterson Trough


  We present moderate resolution Keck spectroscopy of quasars at z=5.82, 5.99
and 6.28, discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We find that the
Ly Alpha absorption in the spectra of these quasars evolves strongly with
redshift. To z~5.7, the Ly Alpha absorption evolves as expected from an
extrapolation from lower redshifts. However, in the highest redshift object,
SDSSp J103027.10+052455.0 (z=6.28), the average transmitted flux is
0.0038+-0.0026 times that of the continuum level over 8450 A < lambda < 8710 A
(5.95<z(abs)<6.16), consistent with zero flux. Thus the flux level drops by a
factor of >150, and is consistent with zero flux in the Ly Alpha forest region
immediately blueward of the Ly Alpha emission line, compared with a drop by a
factor of ~10 at z(abs)~5.3. A similar break is seen at Ly Beta; because of the
decreased oscillator strength of this transition, this allows us to put a
considerably stronger limit, tau(eff) > 20, on the optical depth to Ly Alpha
absorption at z=6.
  This is a clear detection of a complete Gunn-Peterson trough, caused by
neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium. Even a small neutral hydrogen
fraction in the intergalactic medium would result in an undetectable flux in
the Ly Alpha forest region. Therefore, the existence of the Gunn-Peterson
trough by itself does not indicate that the quasar is observed prior to the
reionization epoch. However, the fast evolution of the mean absorption in these
high-redshift quasars suggests that the mean ionizing background along the line
of sight to this quasar has declined significantly from z~5 to 6, and the
universe is approaching the reionization epoch at z~6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123624 </DOCNO>
Dynamically tuning away the cosmological constant in effective scalar


  It is known that the cosmological constant can be dynamically tuned to an
arbitrary small value in classes of scalar tensor theories. The trouble with
such schemes is that effective gravity itself vanishes. We explore the
possibility of avoiding this ``no-go'' with a spatially varying effective
gravity. We demonstrate this in principle with the non-minimally coupled scalar
field having an additional coupling to a fermionic field. The expectation value
of the scalar field gets anchored to a non-trivial value inside compact
domains. But for the non-minimal coupling to the scalar curvature, these
configurations are analogous to the non-topological solutions suggested by Lee
and Wick. With non-minimal coupling, this leads to a peculiar spatial variation
of effective gravity. As before, one can dynamically have the long distance
(global) gravitational constant $G$ and ${\Lambda}$, the cosmological constant,
tending to zero. However, inside compact domains, $G$ can be held to a
universal (non-vanishing) value. Long distance gravitational effects turn out
to be indistinguishable from those expected of general theory of relativity
(GTR). There are two ways in which the ensuing theory may lead to a viable
effective gravity theory: (a) the compact domains could be of microscopic
(sub-nuclear) size, or (b) the domains could be large enough to accommodate
structures as large as a typical galaxy. Aspects of effective gravity and
cosmology that follow are described. A toy Freidman - Robertson - Walker (FRW)
model free from several standard model pathologies and characteristic features
emerges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86992 </DOCNO>
`Mixed' Jordan-Lie Superalgebra


  An algebra A not encountered in either the usual algebraic varieties or
supervarieties is introduced. A is a graded and deformed version of the
quaternions, with structure similar to that of a Jordan-Lie superalgebra as
defined by Okubo and Kamiya, but it is shown to be neither that of a purely
associative Lie superalgebra, nor that of a purely antiassociative Jordan-Lie
superalgebra. Rather, it exhibits a novel kind of associativity, here called
`ordered graded associativity', that is somewhat `in between' pure
associativity and pure antiassociativity. In addition to graded associativity,
the generators of A obey graded commutation relations encountered in both the
usual Lie superalgebras and in graded Jordan-Lie algebras. They also satisfy
new graded Jacobi identities that combine characteristics of the Jacobis obeyed
by the generators of ungraded Lie, graded Lie and graded Jordan-Lie algebras.
Mainly due to these three features, A is called a `mixed' Jordan-Lie
superalgebra. The present paper defines A and compares it with the Jordan-Lie
superalgebra defined by Okubo and Kamiya.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126775 </DOCNO>
The INTEGRAL/IBIS telescope modelling


  The main objective of the IBIS modeling activities is the generation of the
IBIS spectral response matrix. This generation will be done step by step by
firstly constructing "calibrated model" of each IBIS sub-systems. A "calibrated
model" is defined as a GEANT Monte-Carlo model, further checked by intensive
corresponding calibration. These calibrated models will be in a second step
integrated in the whole IBIS Mass Model. This Mass Model will be checked and
refined using the data obtained during the IBIS Telescope calibration, the PLGC
during the ETET period, and the In-flight calibration data acquired during the
whole INTEGRAL mission. The IBIS Mass Model will be used also for computations
of efficiencies and transparencies. Some imaging studies (such as the study of
the diffuse emission) may be also done with the help of the IBIS Mass Model.
The IBIS Mass Model may be used for the simulation of IBIS data in order to
check the different IBIS software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126397 </DOCNO>
PSR J1016-5857: a young radio pulsar with possible supernova remnant,


  We report the discovery of a young and energetic pulsar in the Parkes
multibeam survey of the Galactic plane. PSR J1016-5857 has a rotation period of
107 ms and period derivative of 8e-14, implying a characteristic age of 21 kyr
and spin-down luminosity of 2.6e36 erg/s. The pulsar is located just outside,
and possibly interacting with, the shell supernova remnant G284.3-1.8. Archival
X-ray data show a source near the pulsar position which is consistent with
emission from a pulsar wind nebula. The pulsar is also located inside the error
box of the unidentified EGRET source 3EG J1013-5915, for which it represents a
plausible counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96651 </DOCNO>
Abelian simply transitive affine groups of symplectic type


  We construct a model space $C(\gsp(\bR^{2n}))$ for the variety of Abelian
simply transitive groups of affine transformations of type ${\rm
Sp}(\bR^{2n})$. The model is stratified and its principal stratum is a
Zariski-open subbundle of a natural vector bundle over the Grassmannian of
Lagrangian subspaces in $\bR^{2n}$. \noindent Next we show that every flat
special K\"ahler manifold may be constructed locally from a holomorphic
function whose third derivatives satisfy some algebraic constraint. In
particular global models for flat special K\"ahler manifolds with constant
cubic form correspond to a subvariety of $C(\gsp(\bR^{2n}))$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2387 </DOCNO>
Vicinal Surface with Langmuir Adsorption: A Decorated Restricted


  We study the vicinal surface of the restricted solid-on-solid model coupled
with the Langmuir adsorbates which we regard as two-dimensional lattice gas
without lateral interaction. The effect of the vapor pressure of the adsorbates
in the environmental phase is taken into consideration through the chemical
potential. We calculate the surface free energy $f$, the adsorption coverage
$\Theta$, the step tension $\gamma$, and the step stiffness $\tilde{\gamma}$ by
the transfer matrix method combined with the density-matrix algorithm. Detailed
step-density-dependence of $f$ and $\Theta$ is obtained. We draw the roughening
transition curve in the plane of the temperature and the chemical potential of
adsorbates. We find the multi-reentrant roughening transition accompanying the
inverse roughening phenomena. We also find quasi-reentrant behavior in the step
tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2504 </DOCNO>
Geometrical phases and quantum numbers of solitons in nonlinear


  Solitons of a nonlinear field interacting with fermions often acquire a
fermionic number or an electric charge if fermions carry a charge. We show how
the same mechanism (chiral anomaly) gives solitons statistical and rotational
properties of fermions. These properties are encoded in a geometrical phase,
i.e., an imaginary part of a Euclidian action for a nonlinear sigma-model. In
the most interesting cases the geometrical phase is non-perturbative and has a
form of an integer-valued theta-term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169123 </DOCNO>
On non-Holonomic Quantum Computer


  Non-adiabatic non-Abelian geometric phase of spin-3/2 system in the rotating
magnetic field is considered. Explicit expression for the corresponding
effective non-Abelian gauge potential is obtained. This formula can be used for
construction of quantum gates in quantum computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4978 </DOCNO>
The roles of stiffness and excluded volume in DNA denaturation


  The nature and the universal properties of DNA thermal denaturation are
investigated by Monte Carlo simulations. For suitable lattice models we
determine the exponent c describing the decay of the probability distribution
of denaturated loops of length l, P ~ 1/l^c. If excluded volume effects are
fully taken into account, c= 2.10(2) is consistent with a first order
transition. The stiffness of the double stranded chain has the effect of
sharpening the transition, if it is continuous, but not of changing its order
and the value of the exponent c, which is also robust with respect to inclusion
of specific base-pair sequence hetherogeneities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126692 </DOCNO>
Are High-Velocity Clouds the Building Blocks of the Local Group?


  Motivated by the apparent order-of-magnitude discrepancy between the observed
number of Local Group satellite galaxies, and that predicted by Lambda-CDM
hierarchical clustering cosmologies, we explore an alternate suggestion -
perhaps the missing satellites are not actually ``missing'', but are instead
``in disguise''. The disguise we consider here is that of the classical HI
High-Velocity Clouds. Is it possible that what have been thought of
traditionally as a ``Galactic'' phenomenon, are actually the building blocks of
the Local Group? We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of this hypothesis,
and highlight avenues of future research which may provide an unequivocal
resolution to this contentious issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74172 </DOCNO>
Discriminating between effective theories of U_{A}(1) symmetry breaking


  We address the question if one can empirically distinguish between the two
proposed solutions to the ``$U_A (1)$ problem'': the 't Hooft, and the
Veneziano-Witten $U_{A}(1)$ symmetry breaking effective interactions. Two
hadronic observables are offered as discriminants: (1) The scalar ($0^{+}$)
meson spectrum; (2) Weinberg's second spectral sum rule. Their present
experimental status is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40931 </DOCNO>
A Fast High Resolution Track Trigger for the H1 Experiment


  After 2001 the upgraded ep collider HERA will provide an about five times
higher luminosity for the two experiments H1 and ZEUS. In order to cope with
the expected higher event rates the H1 collaboration is building a track based
trigger system, the Fast Track Trigger (FTT). It will be integrated in the
first three levels (L1-L3) of the H1 trigger scheme to provide higher
selectivity for events with charged particles. The FTT will allow to
reconstruct 3-dimensional tracks in the central drift chamber down to 100 MeV/c
within the L2 latency of ~ 23 mus. To reach the necessary momentum resolution
of ~ 5% (at 1 GeV/c) sophisticated reconstruction algorithms have to be
implemented using high density Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and their
embedded Content Addressable Memories (CAM). The final track parameter
optimization will be done using non-iterative fits implemented in DSPs. While
at the first trigger level rough track information will be provided, at L2
tracks with high resolution are available to form trigger decisions on
topological and other track based criteria like multiplicities and momenta. At
the third trigger level a farm of commercial processor boards will be used to
compute physics quantities such as invariant masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85808 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills Instantons Sitting on a Ricci-flat Worldspace of Double


  Thus far, there seem to be no complete criteria that can settle the issue as
to what the correct generalization of the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action,
describing the low-energy dynamics of the D-branes, to the non-abelian case
would be. According to recent suggestions, one might pass the issue of
worldvolume solitons from abelian to non-abelian setting by considering the
stack of multiple, coincident D-branes and use it as a guideline to construct
or censor the relevant non-abelian version of the DBI action. In this spirit,
here we are interested in the explicit construction of SU(2) Yang-Mills (YM)
instanton solutions in the background geometry of two coincident probe D4-brane
worldspaces particularly when the metric of target spacetime in which the probe
branes are embedded is given by the Ricci-flat, magnetic extremal 4-brane
solution in type IIA supergravity theory with its worldspace metric being given
by that of Taub-NUT and Eguchi-Hanson solutions, the two best-known
gravitational instantons. And then we demonstrate that with this YM instanton-
gravitational instanton configuration on the probe D4-brane worldvolume, the
energy of the probe branes attains its minimum value and hence enjoys stable
state provided one employs the Tseytlin's non-abelian DBI action for the
description of multiple probe D-branes. In this way, we support the arguments
in the literature in favor of Tseytlin's proposal for the non-abelian DBI
action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127282 </DOCNO>
Very high-energy gamma-ray observations of the Crab nebula and other


  The ``Gamma Ray Astronomy at ALmeria'' (GRAAL) experiment uses 63
heliostat-mirrors with a total mirror area of ~ 2500 m2 from the CESA-1 field
at the ``Plataforma Solar de Almeria'' (PSA) to collect Cherenkov light from
air showers. The detector is located in a central solar tower and detects
photon-induced showers with an energy threshold of 250 +- 110 GeV and an
asymptotic effective detection area of about 15000 m2. A comparison between the
results of detailed Monte-Carlo simulations and data is presented. Data sets
taken in the period September 1999 - September 2000 in the direction of the
Crab pulsar, the active galaxy 3C 454.3, the unidentified gamma-ray source 3EG
1835+35 and a ``pseudo source'' were analyzed for high energy gamma-ray
emission.Evidence for a gamma-ray flux from the Crab pulsar with an integral
flux of 2.2 +- 0.4 (stat) ^+1.7_-1.3 (syst) x 10^-9 cm^-2 sec^-1 above
threshold and a significance of 4.5 sigma in a total measuring time of 7 hours
and 10 minutes on source was found. No evidence for emission from the other
sources was found. Some difficulties with the use of heliostat fields for
gamma-ray astronomy are pointed out. In particular the effect of field-of-view
restricted to the central part of a detected air shower on the lateral
distribution and timing properties of Cherenkov light are discussed. Upon
restriction the spread of the timing front of proton induced showers sharply
decreases and the reconstructed direction becomes biased towards the pointing
direction. This is shown to make efficient gamma-hadron separation difficult.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95621 </DOCNO>
Well-posedness and global attractors for liquid crystals on Riemannian


  We study the coupled Navier-Stokes Ginzburg-Landau model of nematic liquid
crystals introduced by F.H. Lin, which is a simplified version of the
Ericksen-Leslie system. We generalize the model to compact n-dimensional
Riemannian manifolds, and show that the system comes from a variational
principle. We present a new simple proof for the local well-posedness of this
coupled system without using the higher-order energy law. We then prove that
this system is globally well-posed and has compact global attractors when the
dimension of the manifold M is two.Finally, we introduce the Lagrangian
averaged liquid crystal equations, which arise from averaging the Navier-Stokes
fluid motion over small spatial scales in the variational principle. We show
that this averaged system is globally well-posed and has compact global
attractors even when M is three-dimensional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124270 </DOCNO>
Comparing Optical and Near Infrared Luminosity Functions


  The Sloan Digital Sky Survey [SDSS] has measured an optical luminosity
function for galaxies in 5 bands, finding 1.5 to 2.1 times more luminosity
density than previous work. This note compares the SDSS luminosity density to
two recent determinations of the near infrared luminosity function based on
2MASS data, and finds that an extrapolation of the SDSS results gives a 2.3
times greater near infrared luminosity density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98909 </DOCNO>
Quandle Homology Theory and Cocycle Knot Invariants


  This paper is a survey of several papers in quandle homology theory and
cocycle knot invariants that have been published recently. Here we describe
cocycle knot invariants that are defined in a state-sum form, quandle homology,
and methods of constructing non-trivial cohomology classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5154 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport of CeRhIn5


  We report measurements of the temperature-dependent anisotropic resistivity
and in-plane magnetoresistance on single crystals of the tetragonal
heavy-fermion antiferromagnet (TN = 3.8 K) CeRhIn5. The measurements are
reported in the temperature range 1.4 K to 300 K and in magnetic fields to 18
tesla. The resistivity is moderately anisotropic, with a room-temperature
c-axis to in-plane resistivity ratio rho_c/rho_a(300 K) = 1.7. rho(T)
measurements on the non-magnetic analog LaRhIn5 indicate that the anisotropy in
the CeRhIn5 resistivity stems predominately from anisotropy in Kondo-derived
magnetic scattering. In the magnetically ordered regime an applied field H
reduces TN only slightly due to the small ordered moment (0.37mu_B) and
magnetic anisotropy. The magnetoresistance (MR) below TN is positive and varies
linearly with H. In the paramagnetic state a positive MR is present below 7.5
K, while a high-field negative contribution is evident at higher temperatures.
The positive contribution decreases in magnitude with increasing temperature.
Above 40 K the positive contribution is no longer observable, and the MR is
negative. The low-T positive MR results from interactions with the
Kondo-coherent state, while the high-T negative MR stems from single-impurity
effects. The H and T-dependent magnetotransport reflects the magnetic
anisotropy and Kondo interactions at play in CeRhIn5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86107 </DOCNO>
Logarithmic correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the BTZ


  We derive an exact expression for the partition function of the Euclidean BTZ
black hole. Using this, we show that for a black hole with large horizon area,
the correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is $-3/2 log(Area)$, in
agreement with that for the Schwarzschild black hole obtained in the canonical
gravity formalism and also in a Lorentzian computation of BTZ black hole
entropy. We find that the right expression for the logarithmic correction in
the context of the BTZ black hole comes from the modular invariance associated
with the toral boundary of the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41560 </DOCNO>
Search for CP Violation and New Physics at CLEO


  Recent CLEO results on the search for CP violation in decays of B and D
mesons and tau lepton are reviewed. New data on ``wrong-sign'' D decays and B
to K(*)l+l-$ FCNC transitions are presented. As possible Standard Model
contribution to many of studied processes is tiny, described efforts constitute
the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Future CLEO-c efforts on the
subject are also outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86004 </DOCNO>
Behaviour of spin-half particles in curved space-time


  We study the behaviour of spin-half particles in curved space-time. Since
Dirac equation gives the dynamics of spin-half particles, we mainly study the
Dirac equation in Schwarzschild, Kerr, Reissner-Nordstr\"om geometry. Due to
the consideration of existence of black hole in space-time (the curved
space-time), particles are influenced and equation will be modified. As a
result the solution will be changed from that due to flat space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 387 </DOCNO>
Slip, concentration fluctuations and flow instability in sheared polymer


  Recent experiments suggest that shear-enhanced growth of concentration
fluctuations in polymer solutions is strongly influenced by solid boundaries.
We analyze the dynamics of a model of a sheared polymer solution, accounting
for the effect of stress variations on mass flux and for wall-slip. If (and
only if) these effects are present, the flow exhibits a boundary-localized
instability consistent with experimental observations. Even in the absence of
flow instability, thermally-driven concentration fluctuations are significantly
enhanced near the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179605 </DOCNO>
HFB Calculations Near the Drip Lines


  We present the first set of results of solving the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov
equations, which describe the self-consistent mean field theory with pairing
interaction. Calculations for even-even nuclei are carried out on a
two-dimensional axially symmetric lattice, in coordinate space. An important
aspect of our method is the proper representation of the quasi-particle
continuum wavefunctions, which are considered for energies up to 60 MeV. This
stage is essential for a proper description of nuclei near the drip lines, due
to the strong coupling between weakly bound states and the particle continuum
for such nuclei. High accuracy is achieved by representing the operators and
wavefunctions using the technique of basis-splines. Calculations for Sn
isotopes are presented to demonstrate the reliability of the method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124611 </DOCNO>
D/H Measurements


  Primordial evaluations of the deuterium abundance should provide one of the
best tests of Big Bang nucleosynthesis models. Space as well as ground based
observations seem however to result in different values. This asks for more
observations in different astrophysical sites in order to link present day
interstellar medium D/H evaluations to primordial ones. New investigations,
made with FUSE (the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer launched in June
1999), are presented and in the case of the white dwarf G191-B2B line of sight
a low D/H evaluation of 1.16 (+/-0.24) x 10^-5 (2 sigma) is confirmed. This
seems to indicate that D/H variations are probably present in the nearby
interstellar medium. The FUSE observations should help us reach in a near
future a better global view of the evolution of that key element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7251 </DOCNO>
Half-metallic antiferromagnets in double perovskites: LaAVRuO$_6$ (A=Ca,


  Based on the theoretical exploration of electronic structures, we propose
that the ordered double perovskites LaAVRuO$_6$ and LaVO$_3$/ARuO$_3$ (001)
superlattice (A = Ca, Sr and Ba) are strong candidates for half-metallic (HM)
antiferromagnets (AFMs). %LaAVRuO$_6$ and LaVO$_3$/ARuO$_3$ have the %100%
spin polarizations at the Fermi level but with zero %total magnetic moments. We
have shown that the HM-AFM nature in LaAVRuO$_6$ is very robust regardless of
(i) divalent ion replacement at A-sites, (ii) oxygen site relaxation, (iii)
the inclusion of the Coulomb correlation, and (iv) cation disorder. A type of
the double exchange interaction is expected to be responsible for the
half-metallicity and the antiferromagnetism in these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169388 </DOCNO>
Deformed versus undeformed cat states encoding qubit


  We study the possibility of exploiting superpositions of coherent states to
encode qubit. A comparison between the use of deformed and undeformed bosonic
algebra is made in connection with the amplitude damping errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74118 </DOCNO>
CP Violation via Top Quark Anomalous Interaction at the Fermilab


  Expecting the forthcoming experiment at the upgraded Fermilab Tevatron, we
calculated CP-violating polarization asymmetry of t t-bar,
  A_{CP}= [sigma(p p-bar --> t(-) t-bar(-) X) - sigma(p p-bar --> t(+) t-bar(+)
X)]/ sigma(p p-bar --> t t-bar X), due to possible anomalous chromomagnetic
(kappa) and chromoelectric (tilde{kappa}) couplings of the gluon to the top
quark. Since kappa and tilde{kappa} are sensitive to a contribution from new
physics beyond standard model, this observable is useful to search for a signal
of new physics. It was seen that the magnitude of A_{CP} depends only on
Im(tilde{kappa) and Im(kappa^* tilde{kappa}). Futhermore, we found that when
|Im(kappa^* tilde{kappa})|>0.5, one can possibly detect the CP-violation effect
as a signal of new physics even if the magnitude of Im(tilde{kappa) is zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149565 </DOCNO>
Introductory Lectures on D-Branes


  This is a pedagogical introduction to D-branes, addressed to graduate
students in field theory and particle physics and to other beginners in string
theory. I am not going to review the most recent results since there are
already many good papers on web devoted to that. Instead, I will present some
old techniques in some detail in order to show how some basic properties of
strinfs and branes as the massless spectrum of string, the effective action of
D-branes and their tension can be computed using QFT techniques. Also, I will
present shortly the boundary state description of D-branes. The details are
exposed for bosonic branes since I do not assume any previous knowledge of
supersymmetry which is not a requirement for this school. However, for
completeness and to provide basic notions for other lectures, I will discuss
some properties of supersymemtric branes. The present lectures were delivered
at Jorge Andr\'{e} Swieca School on Particle and Fields, 2001, Campos do
Jord\~{a}o, Brazil.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3297 </DOCNO>
Plaquette-singlet solid state and topological hidden order in spin-1


  Ground-state properties of the spin-1 two-leg antiferromagnetic ladder are
investigated precisely by means of the quantum Monte Carlo method. It is found
that the correlation length along the chains and the spin gap both remain
finite regardless of the strength of interchain coupling, i.e., the Haldane
state and the spin-1 dimer state are connected smoothly without any quantum
phase transitions between them. We propose a plaquette-singlet solid state,
which qualitatively describes the ground state of the spin-1 ladder quite well,
and also a corresponding topological hidden order parameter. It is shown
numerically that the new hidden order parameter remains finite up to the dimer
limit, though the conventional string order defined on each chain vanishes
immediately when infinitesimal interchain coupling is introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127977 </DOCNO>
X-ray properties of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 during a variability


  We present a detailed X-ray study of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 during a
variability class transition observed in 2000 June with the PPCs of the Indian
X-ray Astronomy Experiment. We supplement this observation with data from the
RXTE archives. The source made a transition from a steady low-hard state to a
regular oscillatory behaviour in the light curve known as bursts or class `rho'
(Belloni et al. 2000) between 2000 May 11 and 17 and reverted back to the
low-hard state on 2000 June 27. A gradual change in the burst recurrence time
from about 75 s to about 40 s was observed which then increased to about 120 s
during the ~ 40 days of class `rho'. The regular bursts disappeared from the
X-ray light curves and the class transition was observed to occur within 1.5
hours on 2000 June 27 with the PPCs. A correlation is found between the
observed QPO frequency at 5-8 Hz in the quiescent phase and the average X-ray
intensity of the source during the class `rho'. We notice a strong similarity
between the properties of the source during the class `rho' and those during
the oscillatory phase of the observations of class `alpha'. From the timing and
spectral analysis, it is found that the observed properties of the source over
tens of days during the class `rho' are identical to those over a time scale of
a few hundreds of seconds in the class `alpha'. Examining the light curves from
the beginning of the RXTE/PCA and RXTE/ASM observations, it is found that the
change of state from radio-quiet low-hard state to high state occurs through
the X-ray classes `rho' and `alpha' which appear together during the state
transition. It is further inferred that the source switches from low-hard state
to the class `rho' through the intermediate class `alpha'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97897 </DOCNO>
Full chains of twists for symplectic algebras


  The problem of constructing the explicit form for full twist deformations of
simple Lie algebras g with twist carriers containing the maximal nilpotent
subalgebra N^+(g) is studied. Our main tool is the sequence of regular
subalgebras g_i in U(g) that become primitive under the action of extended
jordanian twists F_E: U(g) -> U_E(g). It is demonstrated that the structure of
the sequence {g_i} is defined by the extended Dynkin diagram of algebra g. To
construct the injection of g_i in U_E(g) the special deformations of algebras
U_E(g) are performed. They are reduced to the (cohomologically trivial) twists
F_s. Thus it is proved that full chains of twists can be written in the
canonical form F_B = F'_N ... F'_2F'_1. The links F'_i in such chains must
contain not only the extended twists F_E but also the factors F_s whose form
depend on the type of the series of classical algebra g. The explicit forms of
universal R-matrices (and the R-matrices in the fundamental representations)
corresponding to full chains of twists for classical simple Lie algebras are
found. The properties of the construction are illustrated by the example of
full chain of extended twists for algebra sp(3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95603 </DOCNO>
On Morrison's cone conjecture for klt sufaces with $K_X \simeq 0$


  This paper considers normal projective complex surface X with at worst
Kawamata log terminal singularities and K_X is numerically trivial. The aim is
to prove that there is a finite rational polyhedral cone which is a fundamental
domain for the action Aut(X) on the rational convex hull of its ample cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124492 </DOCNO>
The Galaxy and Mass N-Point Correlation Functions: a Blast from the Past


  Correlation functions and related statistics have been favorite measures of
the distributions of extragalactic objects ever since people started analyzing
the clustering of the galaxies in the 1930s. I review the evolving reasons for
this choice, and comment on some of the present issues in the application and
interpretation of these statistics, with particular attention to the question
of how closely galaxies trace mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123853 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Asphericity in a Subluminous Type Ia Supernova:


  We present polarization spectra near maximum light for the strongly
subluminous Type Ia supernova 1999by that show that the supernova is
intrinsically polarized. SN 1999by has an observed, overall level of
polarization of ~0.3 to 0.8%, a rise of the polarization P redward of 6500 A,
and a change in polarization across the Si II 6150 A feature of about 0.4%. The
distribution of points with wavelength using an empirical Q-U plane method
reveals that SN 1999by has a well-defined axis of symmetry and suggests an
interstellar polarization (ISP) vector with P(ISP)=0.3% and position angle
Theta = 150 deg with an error circle in the Q-U plane of radius about 0.1%.
Synthetic NLTE-spectra for axisymmetric configurations based on delayed
detonation models have been computed assuming ellipsoidal geometry. Both flux
and polarization spectra can be reasonably well reproduced by models with an
asphericity of ~20 % observed equator-on. The general properties of the
polarization can be understood as a consequence of the structure of subluminous
models. The low upper limits for polarization determined for many normal events
in contrast to the high polarization in SN 1999by may suggest a relation
between the asymmetry we observed and the mechanism that produces a subluminous
Type Ia. Among various mechanisms, rapid rotation of the progenitor white
dwarf, or an explosion during a binary white dwarf merger process are likely
candidates to explain the asphericity in SN 1999by.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86038 </DOCNO>
Symmetry properties of the metric energy-momentum tensor in classical


  We derive a generic identity which holds for the metric (i.e. variational)
energy-momentum tensor under any field transformation in any generally
covariant classical Lagrangian field theory. The identity determines the
conditions under which a symmetry of the Lagrangian is also a symmetry of the
energy-momentum tensor. It turns out that the stress tensor acquires the
symmetry if the Lagrangian has the symmetry in a generic curved spacetime. In
this sense a field theory in flat spacetime is not self-contained. When the
identity is applied to the gauge invariant spin-two field in Minkowski space,
we obtain an alternative and direct derivation of a known no-go theorem: a
linear gauge invariant spin-2 field, which is dynamically equivalent to
linearized General Relativity, cannot have a gauge invariant metric
energy-momentum tensor. This implies that attempts to define the notion of
gravitational energy density in terms of the metric energy--momentum tensor in
a field-theoretical formulation of gravity must fail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3709 </DOCNO>
Spin Transport in a Quantum Wire


  We study the effect of electron-electron backscattering interactions on spin
transport in a quantum wire. Even if these interactions have no significant
effect on charge transport, they strongly influence the transport of spin. We
use the quantum Boltzmann equation in the collision approximation to derive
equations of motion for spin current and magnetization. In the limit of small
perturbations from equilibrium, we explain the existence of `precessional' and
`diffusive' behaviors. We also discuss the low-temperature non-linear decay of
an uniform spin current outside the hydrodynamic regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128027 </DOCNO>
EXPORT: optical photometry and polarimetry of Vega-type and pre-main


  This paper presents optical UBVRI broadband photo-polarimetry of the EXPORT
sample obtained at the 2.5m Nordic Optical Telescope. The database consists of
multi-epoch photo-polarimetry of 68 pre-main-sequence and main-sequence stars.
An investigation of the polarization variability indicates that 22 objects are
variable at the 3sigma level in our data. All these objects are pre-main
sequence stars, consisting of both T Tauri and Herbig Ae/Be objects while the
main sequence, Vega type and post-T Tauri type objects are not variable. The
polarization properties of the variable sources are mostly indicative of the
UXOR-type behaviour; the objects show highest polarization when the brightness
is at minimum. We add seven new objects to the class of UXOR variables (BH Cep,
VX Cas, DK Tau, HK Ori, LkHa 234, KK Oph and RY Ori). The main reason for their
discovery is the fact that our data-set is the largest in its kind, indicating
that many more young UXOR-type pre-main sequence stars remain to be discovered.
The set of Vega-like systems has been investigated for the presence of
intrinsic polarization. As they lack variability, this was done using indirect
methods, and apart from the known case of BD +31.643, the following stars were
found to be strong candidates to exhibit polarization due to the presence of
circumstellar disks: 51 Oph, BD +31.643C, HD 58647 and HD 233517.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87305 </DOCNO>
Gravitational collapse and its boundary description in AdS


  We provide examples of gravitational collapse and black hole formation in
AdS, either from collapsing matter shells or in analogy to the
Oppenheimer-Sneider solution. We then investigate boundary properties of the
corresponding states. In particular, we describe the boundary two-point
function corresponding to a shell outside its horizon; if the shell is
quasistatically lowered into the horizon, the resulting state is the Boulware
state. We also describe the more physical Hartle-Hawking state, and discuss its
connection to the quasistatic shell states and to thermalization on the
boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99155 </DOCNO>
Quite Complete Real Closed fields


  We prove that any ordered field can be extended to one for which every
decreasing sequence, of closed intervals has a non empty intersection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72568 </DOCNO>
Chiral Lagrangians at finite density


  The effective SU(2) chiral Lagrangian with external sources is given in the
presence of non-vanishing nucleon densities by calculating the in-medium
contributions of the chiral pion-nucleon Lagrangian. As a by product, a
relativistic quantum field theory for Fermi many-particle systems at zero
temperature is directly derived from relativistic quantum field theory with
functional methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1501 </DOCNO>
Diagonal static spin correlation in the low temperature orthorhombic


  Elastic neutron scattering measurements have been performed on Nd, Sr
co-doped La1.55Nd0.4Sr0.05CuO4, which exhibits a structural phase transition at
Ts ~ 60K from the low temperature orthorhombic Bmab phase (labelled LTO1) to
the low temperature orthorhombic Pccn phase (labelled LTO2). At low
temperatures, well below Ts, elastic magnetic peaks are observed at the
``diagonal'' incommensurate (IC) positions (0, 1+/-0.055, 0), with modulation
direction only along the orthorhombic b-axis just as in Nd-free
La1.95Sr0.05CuO4. In the present study, the one-dimensionality of the IC
modulation, which is naturally explained by a stripe model, is clearly
demonstrated with our "single-domain" crystal. The temperature dependence of
the IC peak intensity suggests a substantial contribution from the Nd3+ spins
below ~3K. Consistent with this, the L dependence of the magnetic scattering is
accurately accounted for by a model in which the contribution of the Nd3+ spins
is explicitly included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 350 </DOCNO>
On propagation of photon in a medium


  The equations for variation of the Stokes parameters and intensity of photons
propagating in a medium, whose optical properties may be described by the
permittivity tensor, are derived. Classification of different cases of photon
propagation is suggested on a basis of these equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149670 </DOCNO>
Morita Duality and Large-N Limits


  We study some dynamical aspects of gauge theories on noncommutative tori. We
show that Morita duality, combined with the hypothesis of analyticity as a
function of the noncommutativity parameter Theta, gives information about
singular large-N limits of ordinary U(N) gauge theories, where the large-rank
limit is correlated with the shrinking of a two-torus to zero size. We study
some non-perturbative tests of the smoothness hypothesis with respect to Theta
in theories with and without supersymmetry. In the supersymmetric case this is
done by adapting Witten's index to the present situation, and in the
nonsupersymmetric case by studying the dependence of energy levels on the
instanton angle. We find that regularizations which restore supersymmetry at
high energies seem to preserve Theta-smoothness whereas nonsupersymmetric
asymptotically free theories seem to violate it. As a final application we use
Morita duality to study a recent proposal of Susskind to use a noncommutative
Chern-Simons gauge theory as an effective description of the Fractional Hall
Effect. In particular we obtain an elegant derivation of Wen's topological
order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73426 </DOCNO>
Three-Neutrino MSW Effect and the LNW Mass Matrix


  We review recent work on analytical solutions to the MSW equations for three
neutrino flavours, for exponential and linear potentials. An application to a
particular mass matrix is also discussed. The three neutrino masses are
determined, respectively, to be 0.001--0.004, and roughly 0.01 and 0.05 eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86858 </DOCNO>
An origin of the Universe determined by quantum physics and relativistic


  We discuss the evolution of the Universe from what might be called its
quantum origin. We apply the uncertainty principle to the origin of the
Universe with characteristic time scale equal to the Planck time to obtain its
initial temperature and density. We establish that the subsequent evolution
obeying the Einstein equation gives the present temperature of the microwave
background close to the observed value. The same origin allows the possibility
that the Universe started with exactly the critical density, Omega =1, and
remained at the critical density during evolution. Many other important
features of the observed Universe, including homogeneity and isotropy, Hubble's
constant at origin, its minimum age, present density etc. are all predictions
of our theory. We discuss also the testability of our theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95466 </DOCNO>
Wick Power Series in Indefinite Metric Field Theories


  The analytic aspects of the operator realization of Wick power series of
infrared singular free fields are considered. Taking advantage of the
holomorphy properties of the two-point correlation function and its Hilbert
majorant in x-space, we solve in a general and model independent way the
problem of finding the adequate test function space on which a given Wick
series is convergent. Substantial attention is paid to the proper formulation
of the spectral condition in case the suitable test functions are entire
analytic in momentum space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123345 </DOCNO>
The European Large Area ISO Survey V: a BeppoSAX hard X-ray survey of


  We present BeppoSAX observations of the Southern S1 region in the European
Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). These observations cover an area of ~1.7 sq.
deg. and reach an on-axis (~0.7 sq. deg) 2-10 keV (HX) sensitivity of ~10E-13
cgs. This is the first HX analysis of an ISOCAM survey. We detect 9 sources
with a signal to noise ratio SNR_HX>3, 4 additional sources with a 1.3 to 10
keV (T) SNR_T>3 and 2 additional sources which appear to be associated with
QSOs with SNR_T>2.9. The number densities of the SNR_HX>3 sources are
consistent with the ASCA and BeppoSAX logN-logS functions. Six BeppoSAX sources
have reliable ISOCAM 15 micron counterparts within ~60 arcsec. All these ISOCAM
sources have optical counterparts of R<20 mags. Five of these sources have been
previously optically classified giving 4 QSOs and 1 BALQSO at z=2.2. The
remaining unclassified source has X-ray and photometric properties consistent
with that of a nearby Seyfert galaxy. One further HX source has a 2.6sigma
ISOCAM counterpart associated with a galaxy at z=0.325. If this ISOCAM source
is real, the HX/MIR properties suggest either an unusual QSO or a cD cluster
galaxy. We have constructed MIR and HX spectral energy distributions to compute
the expected HX/MIR ratios for these classes of objects up to z=3.2 and assess
the HX/MIR survey depth.
  The BALQSO has an observed X-ray softness ratio and HX/MIR flux ratio similar
to QSOs but different to those found for low redshift BALQSOs. This difference
can be explained in terms of absorption, and suggests that high redshift
BALQSOs should be comparatively easy to detect in the HX band, allowing their
true fraction in the high redshift QSO population to be determined (ABRIDGED).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95539 </DOCNO>
Groebner bases and regularity of Rees algebras


  In this paper we study homological properties of the Rees ring R of the
graded maximal ideal of a standard graded k-algebra A. In particular we are
interested the comparison of the depth and regularity of A and R.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 772 </DOCNO>
Current Reversals in Chaotic Ratchets


  The problem of the classical deterministic dynamics of a particle in a
periodic asymmetric potential of the ratchet type is addressed. When the
inertial term is taken into account, the dynamics can be chaotic and modify the
transport properties. By a comparison between the bifurcation diagram and the
current, we identify the origin of the current reversal as a bifurcation from a
chaotic to a periodic regime. Close to this bifurcation, we observed
trajectories revealing intermittent chaos and anomalous deterministic
diffusion. We extend our previous analysis of this problem to include multiple
current reversal and the orbits in phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3647 </DOCNO>
Inner Market as a "Black Box"


  Each market has its singular characteristic. Its inner structure is directly
responsible for the observed distributions of returns though this fact is
widely overlooked. Big orders lead to doubling the tails. The behavior of a
market maker with many or few ``friends'' who can reliably loan money or stock
to him is quite different from the one without. After representing the inner
market ``case'' we suggest how to analyze its structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6926 </DOCNO>
Hebbian imprinting and retrieval in oscillatory neural networks


  We introduce a model of generalized Hebbian learning and retrieval in
oscillatory neural networks modeling cortical areas such as hippocampus and
olfactory cortex. Recent experiments have shown that synaptic plasticity
depends on spike timing, especially on synapses from excitatory pyramidal
cells, in hippocampus and in sensory and cerebellar cortex. Here we study how
such plasticity can be used to form memories and input representations when the
neural dynamics are oscillatory, as is common in the brain (particularly in the
hippocampus and olfactory cortex). Learning is assumed to occur in a phase of
neural plasticity, in which the network is clamped to external teaching
signals. By suitable manipulation of the nonlinearity of the neurons or of the
oscillation frequencies during learning, the model can be made, in a retrieval
phase, either to categorize new inputs or to map them, in a continuous fashion,
onto the space spanned by the imprinted patterns. We identify the first of
these possibilities with the function of olfactory cortex and the second with
the observed response characteristics of place cells in hippocampus. We
investigate both kinds of networks analytically and by computer simulations,
and we link the models with experimental findings, exploring, in particular,
how the spike timing dependence of the synaptic plasticity constrains the
computational function of the network and vice versa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169175 </DOCNO>
Realization of generalized quantum searching using nuclear magnetic


  According to the theoretical results, the quantum searching algorithm can be
generalized by replacing the Walsh-Hadamard(W-H) transform by almost any
quantum mechanical operation. We have implemented the generalized algorithm
using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques with a solution of chloroform
molecules. Experimental results show the good agreement between theory and
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6040 </DOCNO>
Force Relaxation in the q-model for Granular Media


  We study the relaxation of force distributions in the q-model, assuming a
uniform q-distribution. We show that "diffusion of correlations" makes this
relaxation very slow. On a d-dimensional lattice, the asymptotic state is
approached as a diffusion process in d-1 dimensions. Therefore the relaxation
goes as the inverse square root of depth for d=2, and the inverse depth for
d=3. Furthermore, we derive asymptotic modes of decay, along which an arbitrary
short--range correlated initial distribution will decay towards the stationary
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113372 </DOCNO>
A coupled microwave-cavity system in the Rydberg-atom cavity detector


  A coupled microwave-cavity system of cylindrical TM$_{010}$ single-mode has
been developed to search for dark matter axions around 10 $\mu {\rm eV}$(2.4
GHz) with the Rydberg-atom cavity detector at 10 mK range temperature. One
component of the coupled cavity (conversion cavity) made of oxygen-free
high-conductivity copper is used to convert an axion into a single photon with
the Primakoff process in the strong magnetic field, while the other component
(detection cavity) made of Nb is utilized to detect the converted photons with
Rydberg atoms passed through it without magnetic field.
  Top of the detection cavity is attached to the bottom flange of the mixing
chamber of a dilution refrigerator, thus the whole cavity is cooled down to 10
mK range to reduce the background thermal blackbody-photons in the cavity.
  The cavity resonant frequency is tunable over $\sim$ 15% by moving dielectric
rods inserted independently into each part of the cavities along the
cylindrical axis. In order to reduce the heat load from the higher temperature
side to the most cooled dilution refrigerator part, the tuning rod at the
conversion cavity is especially driven via the Kevlar strings with a stepping
motor outside the cryostat at room temperature.
  The lowest temperature achieved up to now is 12 $\sim$ 15 mK for the long
period operation and the loaded Q value at low temperature is 3.5 $\sim$ 4.5
$\times$ $10^4$ for the whole range of frequency tuning. Characteristics and
the performance of the coupled-cavity system are presented and discussed with
possible future improvements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148624 </DOCNO>
On First-Quantized Fermions in Compact Dimensions


  We discuss the path integral representation for the fermionic particles and
strings and concentrate at the problems arising when some target-space
dimensions are compact. An example of partition function for fermionic particle
at finite temperature or with one compact target-space dimension is considered
in detail. It is demonstrated that the first-quantized path integral requires,
in general, presence of nonvanishing "Wilson loops" and modulo some common
problems for real fermions in Grassmannian formulation one can try to
reinterpret them in terms of condensates of the world-line fermions. The
properties of corresponding path integrals in string theory are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41772 </DOCNO>
Integrating Newer Technology Software Systems into the SLAC Legacy


  It has been the goal of SLAC Controls Software to offload processing from the
aging Alpha/VMS based control system onto machines that are more widely
accepted and used. An additional goal has been to provide more modern software
tools to our user community. This paper presents two software products which
satisfy those goals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97646 </DOCNO>
Irreducibility of Equisingular Families of Curves


  In 1985 Joe Harris proved the long standing claim of Severi that equisingular
families of nodal plane curves are irreducible whenever they are non-empty. For
families with more complicated singularities this is no longer true. Given a
divisor D on a smooth projective surface S it thus makes sense to look for
conditions which ensure that the family V_D(S_1,...,S_r) of irreducible curves
in the linear system |D| with precisely r singular points of types S_1,...,S_r
is irreducible. Considering different surfaces including general surfaces in
P^3 and products of curves, we produce a sufficient condition of the type
deg(X(S_1))^2 +...+ deg(X(S_r))^2 < a*(D-K_S)^2, where a is some constant and
X(S_i) some zero-dimensional scheme associated to the singularity type. Our
results carry the same asymptotics as the best known results in this direction
in the plane case, even though the coefficient is worse. For most of the
considered surfaces these are the only known results in that direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148525 </DOCNO>
Interaction between Noncommutative Open String and Closed-String Tachyon


  We construct a vertex operator which describes an emission of the
ground-state tachyon of the closed string out of the noncommutative open
string. Such a vertex operator is shown to exist only when the momentum of the
closed-string tachyon is subject to some constraints coming from the background
$B$ field. The vertex operator has a multiplicative coupling constant $g(\sigma
)$ which depends on $\sigma $ as $g(\sigma)=\sin^2 \sigma $ in $0 \le \sigma
\le \pi $. This behavior is the same as in the ordinary B=0 case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127810 </DOCNO>
An XMM-Newton study of the X-ray binary MXB1659-298 and the discovery of


  We report the discovery of narrow X-ray absorption lines from the low-mass
X-ray binary MXB1659-298 during an XMM-Newton observation in 2001 February. The
7.1 hr orbital cycle is clearly evident with narrow X-ray eclipses preceded by
intense dipping activity. A sinusoid-like OM $B$-band modulation with a
peak-to-peak modulation of 0.5 magnitude and a minimum coincident with the
X-ray eclipse is visible. EPIC and RGS spectra reveal the presence of narrow
resonant absorption features identified with OVIII 1s-2p, 1s-3p and 1s-4p, NeX
1s-2p, FeXXV 1s-2p, and FeXXVI 1s-2p transitions, together with a broad Fe
emission feature at ~6.5 keV. The EWs of the Fe absorption features show no
obvious dependence on orbital phase, even during dipping intervals. Previously,
the only X-ray binaries known to exhibit narrow X-ray absorption lines were two
superluminal jet sources and it had been suggested that these features are
related to the jet formation mechanism. This now appears unlikely, and instead
their presence may be related to the viewing angle of the system. The
MXB1659-298 0.6--12 keV continuum is modeled using absorbed cutoff power-law
and blackbody components. During dips the blackbody is more strongly absorbed
than the power-law. The spectral shape of the 3.6% of 0.5--10 keV emission that
remains during eclipses is consistent with that during non-dipping intervals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97191 </DOCNO>
Discrete Reanalysis of a New Model of the Distribution of Twin Primes


  Recently we have introduced a novel characterisation of the distribution of
twin primes that consists of three essential elements. These are: that the
twins are most naturally viewed as a subsequence of the primes themselves, that
the likelihood of a particular prime in sequence being the first element of a
twin is akin to a fixed-probability random event, and that this probability
varies with $\pi_{1}$, the count of primes up to this number, in a simple way.
Our initial studies made use of two unproven assumptions: that it was
consistent to model this fundamentally discrete system with a continuous
probability density, and that the fact that an upper-bound cut-off for prime
separations exists could be consistently ignored in the continuous analysis.
The success of the model served as a posteriori justification for these
assumptions. Here we perform the analysis using a discrete formalism -- not
passing to integrals -- and explicitly include a self-consistently defined
cut-off. In addition, we reformulate the model so as to minimise the input data
needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83864 </DOCNO>
Indicators of Independence in Regulatory Commissions


  Independent regulatory commissions such as the Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) must produce policies that reflect technical expertise, legal
precedent, and stakeholder input. Given these situational imperatives, how does
the FCC implement independence in its decision-making? This research explicates
some of the underlying rules, resources, and relationships within the
environment in which the agency is embedded that influence agency work
practices to operationalize independence. Research such as this may be helpful
in the creation of new, or for assessment of existing, regulatory commissions,
but only if great attention is paid not only to institutional structure, but
also to the practice of staff in the agency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128258 </DOCNO>
A possible faint near-infrared counterpart to the AXP 1E~2259+58.6


  We present near-infrared and optical observations of the field of the
Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 2259+58.6 taken with the Keck telescope. We derive a
subarcsecond Chandra position and tie it to our optical reference frame using
other stars in the field. We find a very faint source, Ks = 21.7\pm0.2 mag,
with a position coincident with the Chandra position. We argue that this is the
counterpart. In the J, I, and R bands, we derive (2 sigma) limits of 23.8, 25.6
and 26.4 mag, respectively. As with 4U 0142+61, for which a counterpart has
previously been found, our results are inconsistent with models in which the
source is powered by accretion from a disk, but may be consistent with the
magnetar model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3051 </DOCNO>
Tunneling through a multigrain system: deducing the sample topology from


  We study a current transport through a system of a few grains connected with
tunneling links. The exact solution is given for an arbitrarily connected
double-grain system with a shared gate in the framework of the orthodox model.
The obtained result is generalized for multigrain systems with strongly
different tunneling resistances. We analyse the large-scale nonlinear
conductance and demonstrate how the sample topology can be unambiguously
deduced from the spectroscopy pattern (differential conductance versus
gate-bias plot). We present experimental data for a multigrain sample and
reconstruct the sample topology. A simple selection rule is formulated to
distinguish samples with spectral patterns free from spurious disturbance
caused by recharging of some grains nearby. As an example, we demonstrate
experimental data with additional peaks in the spectroscopy pattern, which can
not be attributed to coupling to additional grains. The described approach can
be used to judge the sample topology when it is not guaranteed by fabrication
and direct imaging is not possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75888 </DOCNO>
One-Loop Analysis of FCNC Induced by Right-handed Down Squark Mixings


  If the underlying flavor symmetry is Abelian, quark mixings in $d_R$ sector
are the most prominent. Such flavor violating effects can reveal itself through
$\tilde d_R$ squark mixings if supersymmetry is realized in Nature.
Quark-squark alignment is necessary to deal with $\Delta m_K$ and $\epsilon_K$
constraints, but interestingly, with $m_{\tilde q}$, $m_{\tilde g} \sim$ TeV,
the $\tilde d_R$ mixing effects are comparable to $B_d$ and $B_s$ mixings in
the Standard Model, while $D^0$ mixing is tantalizingly close to some hints
from data. CP phases in these mixings would therefore be deviant, and $|
V_{td}|$ and $\arg V_{ub}^*$ may be larger than allowed by unitarity
constraints, which can be checked by the BaBar and Belle experiments. Mixing
induced CP violation in $b\to s\gamma$ and $d\gamma$ transitions can be
obtained, in particular, by sizable enhancement with an extra $\tan\beta$
factor from non-standard soft breaking terms. Heavy superparticles can escape
present flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) bounds and direct searches at
colliders, but reveal themselves in the B system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127521 </DOCNO>
Axisymmetric Galaxy Distribution and the Center of the Universe


  The validity of Hubble's law defies the determination of the center of the
big bang expansion, even if it exists. Every point in the expanding universe
looks like the center from which the rest of the universe flies away. In this
article, the author shows that the distribution of apparently circular galaxies
is not uniform in the sky and that there exists a special direction in the
universe in our neighborhood. The data is consistent with the assumption that
the tidal force due to the mass distribution around the universe center causes
the deformation of galactic shapes depending on its orientation and location
relative to the center and our galaxy. The location of the center is estimated
to be at a distance ~0.88/h Gpc in the direction of l=135 +/- 30 degrrs and b =
-35 +/- 20 degrees in galactic coordinates (alpha = 01h 36m, delta = +26d 50m
in equatorial J2000.0 or in the direction of the Constellation Pisces). Further
study of the deformation of galaxies such as triaxial galaxies and
non-axisymmetric spiral galaxies can be utilized for a more accurate
determination of the universe center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74257 </DOCNO>
New Progress in Time-Like Exclusive Processes


  We discuss a necessary nonvalence contribution in timelike exclusive
processes. Following a Schwinger-Dyson type of approach, we relate the
nonvalence contribution to an ordinary light-front wave function that has been
extensively tested in the spacelike exclusive processes. A complicate
multi-body energy denominator is exactly cancelled in summing the light-front
time-ordered amplitudes. Applying our method to $K_{\ell3}$ and $D^0\to K^-
\ell^+ \nu_l$ where a rather substantial nonvalence contribution is expected,
we find not only an improvement in comparing with the experimental data but
also a covariance(i.e. frame-indepndence) of existing light-front constituent
quark model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6298 </DOCNO>
First-principles study of the ferroelastic phase transition in CaCl_2


  First-principles density-functional calculations within the local-density
approximation and the pseudopotential approach are used to study and
characterize the ferroelastic phase transition in calcium chloride (CaCl_2). In
accord with experiment, the energy map of CaCl_2 has the typical features of a
pseudoproper ferroelastic with an optical instability as ultimate origin of the
phase transition. This unstable optic mode is close to a pure rigid unit mode
of the framework of chlorine atoms and has a negative Gruneisen parameter. The
ab-initio ground state agrees fairly well with the experimental low temperature
structure extrapolated at 0K. The calculated energy map around the ground state
is interpreted as an extrapolated Landau free-energy and is successfully used
to explain some of the observed thermal properties. Higher-order anharmonic
couplings between the strain and the unstable optic mode, proposed in previous
literature as important terms to explain the soft-phonon temperature behavior,
are shown to be irrelevant for this purpose. The LAPW method is shown to
reproduce the plane-wave results in CaCl_2 within the precision of the
calculations, and is used to analyze the relative stability of different phases
in CaCl_2 and the chemically similar compound SrCl_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148376 </DOCNO>
The geometry of RG flows in theory space


  Renormalisation Group (RG) flows in theory space (the space of couplings) are
generated by a vector field -- the $\beta$ function. Using a specific metric
ansatz in theory space and certain methods employed largely in the context of
General Relativity, we examine the nature of the expansion, shear and rotation
of geodesic RG flows. The expansion turns out to be a negative quantity
inversely related to the norm of the $\beta$ function. This implies the
focusing of the flows towards the fixed points of a given field theory. The
evolution equation for the expansion along geodesic RG flows is written down
and analysed. We illustrate the results for a scalar field theory with a
$j\phi$ coupling and pointers to other areas are briefly mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148268 </DOCNO>
Consistent superconformal boundary states


  We propose a supersymmetric generalization of Cardy's equation for consistent
N=1 superconformal boundary states. We solve this equation for the
superconformal minimal models SM(p/p+2) with p odd, and thereby provide a
classification of the possible superconformal boundary conditions. In addition
to the Neveu-Schwarz (NS) and Ramond (R) boundary states, there are NS~ states.
The NS and NS~ boundary states are related by a Z_2 "spin-reversal"
transformation. We treat the tricritical Ising model as an example, and in an
appendix we discuss the (non-superconformal) case of the Ising model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74536 </DOCNO>
Lower Bound on the Propagation Speed of Gravity from Gravitational


  Recently, interesting 4-D Lorentz violating models have been proposed, in
which all particles have a common maximum velocity $c$, but gravity propagates
(in the preferred frame) with a different maximum velocity $c_g \neq c$. We
show that the case $c_g < c$ is very tightly constrained by the observation of
the highest energy cosmic rays. Assuming a galactic origin for the cosmic rays
gives a conservative bound of $c-c_g < 2 \times 10^{-15} c$; if the cosmic rays
have an extragalactic origin the bound is orders of magnitude tighter, of order
$c-c_g < 2 \times 10^{-19} c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86462 </DOCNO>
The Gneralized Uncertainty Principle and Black Hole Remnants


  In the current standard viewpoint small black holes are believed to emit
radiation as black bodies at the Hawking temperature, at least until they reach
Planck size, after which their fate is open to conjecture. A cogent argument
against the existence of remnants is that, since no evident quantum number
prevents it, black holes should radiate completely away to photons and other
ordinary stable particles and vacuum, like any unstable quantum system. Here we
argue the contrary, that the generalized uncertainty principle may prevent
their total evaporation in exactly the same way that the uncertainty principle
prevents the hydrogen atom from total collapse: the collapse is prevented, not
by symmetry, but by dynamics, as a minimum size and mass are approached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5482 </DOCNO>
Ratchet-Induced Segregation and Transport of Non-Spherical Grains


  We consider through simulations the behavior of elongated grains on a
vibrating ratchet-shaped base. We observe differences in layer velocity profile
and in net grain velocity for grains that are composed of one, two, or three
colinear spheres. In the case of mixtures of different species of grains, we
demonstrate layer-by-layer variation in the average velocity as well as layer
segregation of species, and show that horizontal separation of the species can
be achieved using this geometry. We also find that the addition of a small
number of shorter grains to a sample of long grains provides a lubrication
effect that increases the velocity of the long grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127993 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Wave Induced Rotation of the Plane of Polarization of


  We derive in this an expression for the rotation of plane of polarization, of
an electromagnetic wave, induced by the field of a gravitational wave
propagating along the same direction $\approx \f{G\mu d^2\Omega^4}{3\o}$, $\o$
and $\Omega$ being their respective frequencies using the geometrical optics
limit of the wave equation for fields. Estimating the effect for the case of
pulses from binary pulsars, one finds it too small to be observable, there
could be other sources like inspiralling binary or an asymmetric neutron star
where the effect could be in the observable region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5571 </DOCNO>
Electronic transport through nuclear-spin-polarization-induced quantum


  Electron transport in a new low-dimensional structure - the nuclear spin
polarization induced quantum wire (NSPI QW) is theoretically studied. In the
proposed system the local nuclear spin polarization creates the effective
hyperfine field which confines the electrons with the spins opposite to the
hyperfine field to the regions of maximal nuclear spin polarization. The
influence of the nuclear spin relaxation and diffusion on the electron energy
spectrum and on the conductance of the quantum wire is calculated and the
experimental feasibility is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4255 </DOCNO>
Damage spreading in small world Ising models


  We study damage-spreading in the ferromagnetic Ising model on small world
networks using Monte Carlo simulation with Glauber dynamics. The damage
spreading temperature $T_d$ is determined as a function of rewiring probability
$p$ for small world networks obtained by rewiring the 2D square and 3D cubic
lattices. We find that the damage for different values of $p$ collapse onto
master curves when plotted against a rescaled temperature and that the distance
between $T_d$ and the critical temperature $T_c$ increases with $p$. We argue
that when using the Ising model to study social systems, it is necessary to
place the spins on a small world network rather than on a regular lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6013 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of the anisotropic two-channel Kondo problem


  We construct and solve numerically the thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz equations
for the spin-anisotropic two-channel Kondo model in arbitrary external field
$h$. At high temperatures the specific heat and the susceptibility show power
law dependence. For $h \to 0$ and at temperatures below the Kondo temperature
$T_K$ a two-channel Kondo effect develops characterized by a Wilson ratio 8/3,
and a logarithmic divergence of the susceptibility and the linear specific heat
coefficient. Finite magnetic field, $h>0$ drives the system to a Fermi liquid
fixed point with an unusual Wilson ratio which depends sensitively on $h$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3864 </DOCNO>
The formation of vortex loops (strings) in continuous phase transitions


  The formation of vortex loops (global cosmic strings) in an O(2) linear sigma
model in three spatial dimensions is analyzed numerically. For over-damped
Langevin dynamics we find that defect production is suppressed by an
interaction between correlated domains that reduces the effective spatial
variation of the phase of the order field. The degree of suppression is
sensitive to the quench rate. A detailed description of the numerical methods
used to analyze the model is also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86152 </DOCNO>
Maximal Acceleration Effects in Kerr Space


  We consider a model in which accelerated particles experience line--elements
with maximal acceleration corrections that are introduced by means of
successive approximations. It is shown that approximations higher than the
first need not be considered. The method is then applied to the Kerr metric.
The effective field experienced by accelerated test particles contains
corrections that vanish in the limit $\hbar\to 0$, but otherwise affect the
behaviour of matter greatly. The corrections generate potential barriers that
are external to the horizon and are impervious to classical particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4533 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and Electronic Phase Diagram and Superconductivity in the


  The magnetic susceptibility of the organic superconductors $\kappa$-(h8 or
d8-ET)$_{2}$$X$, $X =$ Cu(NCS)$_{2}$ and Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br has been studied. A
metallic phase below $T^{*} =$ 37 $\sim$ 38 K for $X =$ Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br and
46 $\sim$ 50 K for $X =$ Cu(NCS)$_{2}$ has an anisotropic temperature
dependence of the susceptibility and the charge transport. Partial
charge-density-wave or charge fluctuation is expected to coexist with the
metallic phase instead of the large antiferromagnetic fluctuation above
$T^{*}$. The phase diagram and the superconductivity of $\kappa$-(ET)$_{2}$$X$
are discussed in connection with this phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125773 </DOCNO>
A global parameter optimization in Newtonian mechanics for the ten major


  A numerical solution of the Newtonian N-bodies problem for mass points is
described and its accuracy is checked: after 40000 days, the integration error
alters position coordinates from 1.6x10^-7 au (Mercury) to 5x10^-9 au (Uranus
to Pluto). The osculating elements are also accurately computed. This solution
is implemented in an iterative algorithm for minimizing the least-squares
residual. This algorithm is discussed and tested. Then it is used to assess the
accuracy to which a Newtonian calculation may reproduce the DE403 ephemeris,
that involves general-relativistic corrections. The parameter optimization
allows to reduce the difference between the Newtonian calculation and DE403 by
a factor 10 (Mercury, Pluto) to 100 (Venus). The angular difference on the
heliocentric position is reduced in nearly the same proportions. Thus, for
Mercury, it is also divided by ten, which leaves a maximum error of ca. 20" per
century. In contrast, the difference in Mercury's longitude of the perihelion
is not affected by the optimization: it keeps the standard linear advance of
43" per century.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148893 </DOCNO>
The Enhancon, Black Holes, and the Second Law


  We revisit the physics of five-dimensional black holes constructed from D5-
and D1-branes and momentum modes in type IIB string theory compactified on K3.
Since these black holes incorporate D5-branes wrapped on K3, an enhancon locus
appears in the spacetime geometry. With a `small' number of D1-branes, the
entropy of a black hole is maximised by including precisely half as many
D5-branes as there are D1-branes in the black hole. Any attempts to introduce
more D5-branes, and so reduce the entropy, are thwarted by the appearance of
the enhancon locus above the horizon, which then prevents their approach. The
enhancon mechanism thereby acts to uphold the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
This result generalises: For each type of bound state object which can be made
of both types of brane, we show that a new type of enhancon exists at
successively smaller radii in the geometry, again acting to prevent any
reduction of the entropy just when needed. We briefly explore the appearance of
the enhancon in the black hole interior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97461 </DOCNO>
How should one define entropy production for nonequilibrium quantum spin


  This paper discusses entropy production in nonequilibrium steady states for
infinite quantum spin systems. Rigorous results have been obtained recently in
this area, but a physical discussion shows that some questions of principle
remain to be clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4360 </DOCNO>
Fat Fisher Zeroes


  We show that it is possible to determine the locus of Fisher zeroes in the
thermodynamic limit for the Ising model on planar (``fat'') phi4 random graphs
and their dual quadrangulations by matching up the real part of the high and
low temperature branches of the expression for the free energy. The form of
this expression for the free energy also means that series expansion results
for the zeroes may be obtained with rather less effort than might appear
necessary at first sight by simply reverting the series expansion of a function
g(z) which appears in the solution and taking a logarithm.
  Unlike regular 2D lattices where numerous unphysical critical points exist
with non-standard exponents, the Ising model on planar phi4 graphs displays
only the physical transition at c = exp (- 2 beta) = 1/4 and a mirror
transition at c=-1/4 both with KPZ/DDK exponents (alpha = -1, beta = 1/2, gamma
= 2). The relation between the phi4 locus and that of the dual quadrangulations
is akin to that between the (regular) triangular and honeycomb lattices since
there is no self-duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6301 </DOCNO>
Correlated noise induced control of prey extinction


  We study the steady state properties of a phenomenological two-state predator
model in presence of correlated Gaussian white noise. Based on the
corresponding Fokker-Planck equation for probability distribution function the
steady state solution of the probability distribution function and its extrema
have been investigated. We show for a typical value of noise correlation there
is a giant loss of bistability which in turn prevents the prey population from
going into extinction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127391 </DOCNO>
PG 1254+047: An Intrinsically X-ray Weak, Heavily Absorbed BALQSO?


  We present \textit{Chandra} observations of the radio-quiet Broad Absorption
Line (BAL) QSO PG 1254+047. We find that it is a weak X-ray source, with a
total of $44\pm 7$ photons measured in 36 ksec across the observed energy range
$0.7 - 6.0$ keV. Its X-ray weakness is consistent with the known correlation
between $\alpha_{ox}$ and the strength of the UV absorption lines. The spectral
energy distribution suggests that PG 1254+047 is intrinsically X-ray weak, in
addition to being heavily X-ray absorbed. The X-ray absorption column density
is $N_{H} > 10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$ for neutral gas, while the intrinsic
(unabsorbed) emission spectrum has $\alpha_{ox} > 2$. The data are fit best by
including an ionized (rather than neutral) absorber, with column density $N_{H}
\gtrsim 2\times 10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$. The degree of ionization is consistent with
the UV BALs, as is the total column density if the strongest UV lines are
saturated. If the X-ray absorber forms in a wind that is radiatively
accelerated to the BAL velocities, then the wind must be launched from a radius
of about $10^{16}$ cm with a mass loss rate of $\sim 1$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6669 </DOCNO>
Hall Effect in Noncommutative Coordinates


  We consider electrons in uniform external magnetic and electric fields which
move on a plane whose coordinates are noncommuting. Spectrum and eigenfunctions
of the related Hamiltonian are obtained. We derive the electric current whose
expectation value gives the Hall effect in terms of an effective magnetic
field. We present a receipt to find the action which can be utilized in path
integrals for noncommuting coordinates. In terms of this action we calculate
the related Aharonov--Bohm phase and show that it also yields the same
effective magnetic field. When magnetic field is strong enough this phase
becomes independent of magnetic field. Measurement of it may give some hints on
spatial noncommutativity. The noncommutativity parameter \theta can be tuned
such that electrons moving in noncommutative coordinates are interpreted as
either leading to the fractional quantum Hall effect or composite fermions in
the usual coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6220 </DOCNO>
Surface-induced disorder and aperiodic perturbations at first-order


  In systems displaying a bulk first-order transition the order parameter may
vanish continuously at a free surface, a phenomenon which is called
surface-induced disorder. In the presence of surface-induced disorder the
correlation lengths, parallel and perpendicular to the surface, diverge at the
bulk transition point. In this way the surface induces an anisotropic power-law
singular behavior for some bulk quantities. For example in a finite system of
transverse linear size L, the response functions diverge as L^{(d-1)z+1}, where
d is the dimension of the system and z is the anisotropy exponent. We present a
general scaling picture for this anisotropic discontinuity fixed point. Our
phenomenological results are confronted with analytical and numerical
calculations on the 2D q-state Potts model in the large-q limit. The scaling
results are demonstrated to apply also for the same model with a layered,
Fibonacci-type modulation of the couplings for which the anisotropy exponent is
a continuous function of the strength of the quasiperiodic perturbation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126895 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the Compact Supernova Remnants in Starburst Galaxies


  Radio observations of starburst regions in galaxies have revealed groups of
compact nonthermal sources that may be radiative supernova remnants expanding
in the interclump medium of molecular clouds. Because of the high pressure in
starburst regions, the interclump medium may have a density ~ 10^3 H atoms
cm^{-3} in a starburst nucleus like M82 and ~ 10^4 H atoms cm^{-3} in an
ultraluminous galaxy like Arp 220. In M82, our model can account for the sizes,
the slow evolution, the high radio luminosities, and the low X-ray luminosities
of the sources. We predict expansion velocities ~ 500 km/s, which is slower
than the one case measured by VLBI techniques. Although we predict the remnants
to be radiative, the expected radiation is difficult to detect because it is at
infrared wavelengths and the starburst is itself very luminous; one detection
possibility is broad [OI] 63 micron line emission at the positions of the radio
remnants. The more luminous and compact remnants in Arp 220 can be accounted
for by the higher molecular cloud density. In our model, the observed remnants
lose most of the supernova energy to radiation. Other explosions in a lower
density medium may directly heat a hot, low density interstellar component,
leading to the superwinds that are associated with starburst regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81355 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Equations of State for SU(N) Gauge Theories


  Two phenomenological models describing an SU(N) gluon plasma are presented
using the eigenvalues of the Polyakov loop as the order parameters of the
deconfinement transition. Each model has a single free parameter and exhibits
behavior similar to lattice simulations over the range T_d-5T_d. The N=2
deconfinement transition is second order in both models, while N=3,4, and 5 are
first order. Both models appear to have a smooth large-N limit. The confined
phase is characterized by a mutual repulsion of Polyakov loop eigenvalues that
makes the Polyakov loop expectation value zero. The motion of the eigenvalues
is responsible for the approach to the blackbody limit over the range T_d-5T_d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73065 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Nucleon in a Relativistic Quark Pair


  We study the effects of the | qqq q\bar{q} > component of the hadronic wave
function on the description of the electromagnetic structure of the nucleon.
Starting with a qqq baryonic wave function which describes the baryonic and
mesonic low energy spectrum, the extra q\bar{q} pair is generated through a
relativistic version of the 3P_0 model. It is shown that this model leads to a
renormalization of the quark mass that allows one to construct a conserved
electromagnetic current. We conclude that these dynamical relativistic
corrections play an important role in reproducing the Q2 dependence of the
electromagnetic form factors at low Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72673 </DOCNO>
Spin effects in tau-lepton pair production at LHC


  Question of the proper incorporation of spin effects in tau lepton decays is
often of importance. In present work, case of the Z/gamma to tau+ tau-
production mechanism is studied in detail. As an example, the effects due to
the spin correlations on the potential for the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Model (MSSM) Higgs searches in the tau tau decay channel at the Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) are discussed. For these processes, the Standard Model Z/gamma
to tau tau -pair production is a dominant background.
  The spin effects in high energy physics reactions, can be implemented up to
certain approximation, independently of the algorithm and matrix elements used
by the production program. Information stored on every generated event can be
sufficient. The algorithm based on such approximation is documented. Question
of the theoretical uncertaintity is discussed only partly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95727 </DOCNO>
Torsion D-Branes in Nongeometrical Phases


  In a geometrical background, D-brane charge is classified by topological
K-theory. The corresponding classification of D-brane charge in an arbitrary,
nongeometrical, compactification is still a mystery. We study D-branes on
non-simply-connected Calabi-Yau 3-folds, with particular interest in the
D-branes whose charges are torsion elements of the K-theory. We argue that we
can follow the D-brane charge through the nongeometrical regions of the Kahler
moduli space and, as evidence, explicitly construct torsion D-branes at the
Gepner point in some examples. In one of our examples, the Gepner theory is a
nonabelian orbifold of a tensor product of minimal models, and this somewhat
exotic situation seems to be essential to the physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123979 </DOCNO>
Gas dynamics and disk formation in 3:1 mergers


  We performed N-body/SPH simulations of merging gas rich disk-galaxies with a
mass ratio of 3:1. A stellar disk and bulge component and a dark halo is
realized with collisionless particles, the gas is simulated using SPH
particles. In this paper we focus on the gas dynamics in mergers and its
influence on the structure of the final merger remnant, neglecting star
formation. During the merger around $8\times 10^9 M_{\odot}$ of gas accumulate
in the central region of the merger remnant (inside 300 pc). Part of the gas
falls to the center, channeled by a tidally induced bar in the more massive
galaxy. A peak accretion rate of 150 solar masses/year is reached when the two
galaxy centers merge. It is likely that the gas will experience a central
starburst and/or fuel a central black hole. The gas in the outer regions
accumulates in dense knots within tidal tails which could lead to the formation
of open clusters or dwarf satellites. Later on, the gas knots loose angular
momentum by dynamical friction and also sink to the center of the remnant,
thereby increasing the central gas content. In the end, the gas settles in a
central power-law disk with surface density $\Sigma \propto r^{-2}$ surrounded
by dense, orbiting gas clumps. The stellar profile is of de Vaucouleurs-type,
like in simulations of pure stellar mergers

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98605 </DOCNO>
Controlled surgery with trivial local fundamental groups


  We provide a proof of the controlled surgery sequence, including stability,
in the special case that the local fundamental groups are trivial. Stability is
a key ingredient in the construction of exotic homology manifolds by Bryant,
Ferry, Mio and Weinberger, but no proof has been available. The development
given here is based on work of M. Yamasaki.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125114 </DOCNO>
Simulating Electron Transport and Synchrotron Emission in Radio


  We present the first three-dimensional MHD radio galaxy simulations that
explicitly model transport of relativistic electrons, including diffusive
acceleration at shocks as well as radiative and adiabatic cooling in smooth
flows. We discuss three simulations of light Mach 8 jets, designed to explore
the effects of shock acceleration and radiative aging on the nonthermal
particle populations that give rise to synchrotron and inverse-Compton
radiations. We also conduct detailed synthetic radio observations of our
simulated objects. We have gained several key insights from this approach: 1.
The jet head in these multidimensional simulations is extremely complex. The
classical jet termination shock is often absent, but motions of the jet
terminus spin a ``shock-web complex'' within the backflowing jet material of
the head. 2. Understanding the spectral distribution of energetic electrons in
these simulations relies partly upon understanding the shock-web complex, for
it can give rise to distributions that confound interpretation in terms of the
standard model for radiative aging of radio galaxies. 3. The magnetic field
outside of the jet itself becomes very intermittent and filamentary in these
simulations, yet adiabatic expansion causes most of the cocoon volume to be
occupied by field strengths considerably diminished below the nominal jet
value. Thus population aging rates vary considerably from point to point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113531 </DOCNO>
Self-trapping of strong electromagnetic beams in relativistic plasmas


  Interaction of an intense electromagnetic (EM) beam with hot relativistic
plasma is investigated. It is shown that the thermal pressure brings about a
fundamental change in the dynamics - localized, high amplitude, EM field
structures, not accessible to a cold (but relativisic) plasma, can now be
formed under well- defined conditions. Examples of the trapping of EM beams in
self-guiding regimes to form stable 2D solitonic structures in a pure e-p
plasma are worked out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124480 </DOCNO>
An Adaptive Optics Survey for Companions to Stars with Extra-Solar


  We have undertaken an adaptive optics (AO) imaging survey of extrasolar
planetary systems and stars showing interesting radial velocity trends from
high precision radial velocity searches. AO increases the resolution and
dynamic range of an image, substantially improving the detectability of faint
close companions. This survey is sensitive to objects less luminous than the
bottom of the main sequence at separations as close as 1 arcsec. We have
detected stellar companions to the planet bearing stars HD 114762 and Tau Boo.
We have also detected a companion to the non-planet bearing star 16 Cyg A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4278 </DOCNO>
Two component interacting bosons: 1-d exact results


  Motivated by the experiment of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
produced in magnetically trapped $^{87}Rb$, we study one dimensional Boson
systems with repulsive $\delta$-function interaction in the presence of SU(2)
intrinsic degree of freedom by means of coordinate Bethe ansatz. The ground
state and low-lying excitations are solved by both numerical and analytical
methods. It is shown that the ground state is an isospin-ferromagnetic state
and the excitations are composed of three elementary particles: holons,
antiholons and isospinons. The isospinon is a triplet coupled to the
``ferromagnetic'' background antiparallelly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127803 </DOCNO>
SAURON: An Innovative Look at Early-Type Galaxies


  A summary of the SAURON project and its current status is presented. SAURON
is a panoramic integral-field spectrograph designed to study the stellar
kinematics, gaseous kinematics, and stellar populations of spheroids. Here, the
sample of galaxies and its properties are described. The instrument is detailed
and its capabilities illustrated through observational examples. These includes
results on the structure of central stellar disks, the kinematics and
ionization state of gaseous disks, and the stellar populations of galaxies with
decoupled cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 934 </DOCNO>
The upper critical field in superconducting MgB_2


  The upper critical field Hc2(T) of sintered pellets of the recently
discovered MgB_2 superconductor was investigated in magnetic fields up to 16 T.
The upper critical field of the major fraction of the investigated sample was
determined from ac susceptibility and resistance data and was found to increase
up to Hc2(0) = 13 T at T = 0 corresponding to a coherence length of 5.0 nm. A
small fraction of the sample exhibits higher upper critical fields which were
measured both resistively and by dc magnetization measurements. The temperature
dependence of the upper critical field, Hc2(T), shows a positive curvature near
Tc and at intermediate temperatures. This positive curvature of Hc2(T) is
similar to that found for the borocarbides YNi_2B_2C and LuNi_2B_2C indicating
that MgB_2 is in the clean limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 984 </DOCNO>
Specific heat of the Kelvin modes in low temperature superfluid


  It is pointed out that the specific heat of helical vortex line excitations,
in low temperature superfluid turbulence experiments carried out in helium II,
can be of the same order as the specific heat of the phononic quasiparticles.
The ratio of Kelvin mode and phonon specific heats scales with L_0 T^{-5/2},
where L_0 represents the smoothed line length per volume within the vortex
tangle, such that the contribution of the vortex mode specific heat should be
observable for L_0 = 10^6-10^8 cm^{-2}, and at temperatures which are of order
1-10 mK.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168421 </DOCNO>
Generation and manipulation of squeezed states of light in optical


  We analyze a fiber-optic component which could find multiple uses in novel
information-processing systems utilizing squeezed states of light. Our approach
is based on the phenomenon of photon-number squeezing of soliton noise after
the soliton has propagated through a nonlinear optical fiber. Applications of
this component in optical networks for quantum computation and quantum
cryptography are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128071 </DOCNO>
Surface brightness fluctuation distances for nearby dwarf elliptical


  We obtained B and R-band CCD images for the dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies
DDO44, UGC4998, KK98_77, DDO71, DDO113, and UGC7356 at the NOT. Using Fourier
analysis technique we measure stellar R-band surface brightness fluctuations
(SBFs) and magnitudes in 29 different fields of the galaxies. Independent tip
of the red giant branch distances for DDO44, KK98_77, DDO71 are used to convert
their set of apparent into absolute SBF magnitudes. The results are combined
with the local (B-R) colours and compared with the (B-R)-\bar{M}_R relation for
mainly old, metal-poor stellar populations as predicted by Worthey's population
synthesis models using Padova isochrones. While the colour dependency of the
theoretical relation is confirmed by the empirical data, we find a systematic
zero point offset between observations and theory in the sense that models are
too faint by 0.13+-0.02 mag. Based on these findings we establish a new
semiempirical calibration of the SBF method as distance indicator for dE
galaxies with an estimated uncertainty of ~10 percent. Taking first advantage
of the improved calibration, we determine SBF distances for the other three
early-type dwarfs. Although found in the M81 group region, previous velocity
measurements suggested UGC4998 is in the background. This picture is confirmed
by our SBF distance of 10.5+-0.9 Mpc. We can further identify DDO113 as a faint
stellar system at the near side of the Canes Venatici I (CVn I) cloud at a
distance of 3.1+-0.3 Mpc. The second CVn I member in our sample, UGC7356, lies
at 6.7+-0.6 Mpc and spatially close to M106. We derive BR surface brightness
profiles and colour gradients for all dwarfs and determine photometric and
Sersic parameters. Finally, we discuss two objects in DDO71 and UGC7356 which
may resemble GCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83971 </DOCNO>
Generating Multilingual Personalized Descriptions of Museum Exhibits -


  This paper provides an overall presentation of the M-PIRO project. M-PIRO is
developing technology that will allow museums to generate automatically textual
or spoken descriptions of exhibits for collections available over the Web or in
virtual reality environments. The descriptions are generated in several
languages from information in a language-independent database and small
fragments of text, and they can be tailored according to the backgrounds of the
users, their ages, and their previous interaction with the system. An authoring
tool allows museum curators to update the system's database and to control the
language and content of the resulting descriptions. Although the project is
still in progress, a Web-based demonstrator that supports English, Greek and
Italian is already available, and it is used throughout the paper to highlight
the capabilities of the emerging technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72422 </DOCNO>
Non-standard Neutrino Properties


  A discussion of several exotic models and how well they are able to describe
the data, with particular emphasis on atmospheric neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1838 </DOCNO>
Magnetic field effects on two-dimensional Kagome lattices


  Magnetic field effects on single-particle energy bands (Hofstadter
butterfly), Hall conductance, flat-band ferromagnetism, and magnetoresistance
of two-dimensional Kagome lattices are studied. The flat-band ferromagnetism is
shown to be broken as the flat-band has finite dispersion in the magnetic
field. A metal-insulator transition induced by the magnetic field (giant
negative magnetoresistance) is predicted. In the half-filled flat band, the
ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition and the metal-insulator one occur
simultaneously at a magnetic field for strongly interacting electrons. All of
the important magnetic fields effects should be observable in mesoscopic
systems such as quantum dot superlattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113848 </DOCNO>
Folding thermodynamics of model four-strand antiparallel beta-sheet


  The thermodynamic properties for three different types of off-lattice
four-strand beta-sheet protein models interacting via a hybrid Go-type
potential have been investigated. Discontinuous molecular dynamic simulations
have been performed for different sizes of the bias gap g, an artificial
measure of a model protein's preference for its native state. The thermodynamic
transition temperatures are obtained by calculating the squared radius of
gyration, the root-mean-squared pair separation fluctuation, the specific heat,
the internal energy of the system, and the Lindemann disorder parameter. In
spite of the simplicity, the protein-like heteropolymers have shown a complex
set of protein transitions as observed in experimental studies. Starting from
high temperature, these transitions include a collapse transition, a
disordered-to-ordered globule transition, a folding transition, and a
liquid-to-solid transition. These transitions strongly depend on the
native-state geometry of the model proteins and the size of the bias gap. A
strong transition from the disordered globule state to the ordered globule
state with large energy change and a weak transition from the ordered globule
state to the native state with small energy change were observed for the large
gap models. For the small gap models no native structures were observed at any
temperature, all three beta-sheet proteins fold into a partially-ordered
globule state which is geometrically different from the native state. For small
bias gaps at even lower temperatures, all protein motions are frozen indicating
an inactive solid-like phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7394 </DOCNO>
Integrable quantum field theories with OSP(m/2n) symmetries


  We conjecture the factorized scattering description for OSP(m/2n)/OSP(m-1/2n)
supersphere sigma models and OSP(m/2n) Gross Neveu models. The non-unitarity of
these field theories translates into a lack of `physical unitarity' of the S
matrices, which are instead unitary with respect to the non-positive scalar
product inherited from the orthosymplectic structure. Nevertheless, we find
that formal thermodynamic Bethe ansatz calculations appear meaningful,
reproduce the correct central charges, and agree with perturbative
calculations. This paves the way to a more thorough study of these and other
models with supergroup symmetries using the S matrix approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169321 </DOCNO>
Entangled-photon Fourier optics


  Entangled photons, generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion from a
second-order nonlinear crystal, present a rich potential for imaging and
image-processing applications. Since this source is an example of a three-wave
mixing process, there is more flexibility in the choices of illumination and
detection wavelengths and in the placement of object(s) to be imaged. Moreover,
this source is entangled, a fact that allows for imaging configurations and
capabilities that cannot be achieved using classical sources of light. In this
paper we examine a number of imaging and image-processing configurations that
can be realized using this source. The formalism that we utilize facilitates
the determination of the dependence of imaging resolution on the physical
parameters of the optical arrangement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128618 </DOCNO>
Dust emission in massive star-forming regions with PRONAOS: the Orion


  The balloon-borne submillimeter instrument PRONAOS has observed one square
degree areas towards the Orion and M17 molecular clouds. The 2' - 3.5'
resolution maps obtained in four wide wavelength bands between 200 microns and
600 microns, exhibit the dust distribution in these regions. We analyze the
temperature and spectral index of the dust, and we show the anticorrelation
between these two parameters. We derive estimations of the ISM column densities
and masses in these regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75764 </DOCNO>
Topological Charge Fluctuations and Low-Lying Dirac Eigenmodes


  We discuss the utility of low-lying Dirac eigenmodes for studying the nature
of topological charge fluctuations in QCD. The implications of previous results
using the local chirality histogram method are discussed, and the new results
using the overlap Dirac operator in Wilson gauge backgrounds at lattice
spacings ranging from a~0.04 fm to a~0.12 fm are reported. While the degree of
local chirality does not change appreciably closer to the continuum limit, we
find that the size and density of local structures responsible for chiral
peaking do change significantly. The resulting values are in disagreement with
the assumptions of the Instanton Liquid Model. We conclude that the
fluctuations of topological charge in the QCD vacuum are not locally quantized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99242 </DOCNO>
Braided Lie algebras and bicovariant differential calculi over


  We show that if $g_\Gamma$ is the quantum tangent space (or quantum Lie
algebra in the sense of Woronowicz) of a bicovariant first order differential
calculus over a coquasitriangular Hopf algebra $(A,r)$, then a certain
extension of it is a braided Lie algebra in the category of $A$-comodules. This
is used to show that the Woronowicz quantum universal enveloping algebra
$U(g_\Gamma)$ is a bialgebra in the braided category of $A$-comodules. We show
that this algebra is quadratic when the calculus is inner. Examples with this
unexpected property include finite groups and quantum groups with their
standard differential calculi. We also find a quantum Lie functor for
coquasitriangular Hopf algebras, which has properties analogous to the
classical one. This functor gives trivial results on standard quantum groups
$O_q(G)$, but reasonable ones on examples closer to the classical case, such as
the cotriangular Jordanian deformations. In addition, we show that split
braided Lie algebras define `generalised-Lie algebras' in a different sense of
deforming the adjoint representation. We construct these and their enveloping
algebras for $O_q(SL_n)$, recovering the Witten algebra for $n=2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72968 </DOCNO>
In Support of Inflation


  The cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides a snapshot of the early
Universe when matter began to become structured and has been the focus of
several recent observational campaigns. In this Perspective, we discuss the
results from these campaigns, which provide support for inflationary models of
the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148694 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Elliptic Genus


  Given a Riemann surface and a riemannian manifold M with certain
restrictions, we construct a cobordism invariant of M. This invariant is a
generalization of the elliptic genus and it shares some similar properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75999 </DOCNO>
Testing Theories of Fermion Masses


  The origin of quark and lepton masses is one of the outstanding problems of
physics. As the experimental data becomes more and more accurate, testing
theories of fermion masses requires greater care. In this talk we discuss a
theoretical framework for testing those theories with a high energy desert. It
is only with precision tests that we can hope to narrow the set of viable,
beyond the standard model theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4258 </DOCNO>
Induced Anticlinic Ordering and Nanophase Segregation of Bow-Shaped


  Recent experiments indicate that doping low concentrations of bent-core
molecules into calamitic smectic solvents can induce anticlinic and biaxial
smectic phases. We have carried out Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of mixtures of
rodlike molecules (hard spherocylinders with length/breadth ratio $L_{\rm
rod}/D = 5$) and bow- or banana-shaped molecules (hard spherocylinder dimers
with length/breadth ratio $L_{ban}/D = 5$ or 2.5 and opening angle $\psi$) to
probe the molecular-scale organization and phase behavior of rod/banana
mixtures. We find that a low concentration (3%) of $L_{ban}/D = 5$ dimers
induces anticlinic (SmC$_A$) ordering in an untilted smectic (SmA) phase for
$100^\circ \le \psi < 150^\circ$. For smaller $\psi$, half of each bow-shaped
molecule is nanophase segregated between smectic layers, and the smectic layers
are untilted. For $L_{ban}/D = 2.5$, no tilted phases are induced. However,
with decreasing $\psi$ we observe a sharp transition from {\sl intralamellar}
nanophase segregation (bow-shaped molecules segregated within smectic layers)
to {\sl interlamellar} nanophase segregation (bow-shaped molecules concentrated
between smectic layers) near $\psi = 130^\circ$. These results demonstrate that
purely entropic effects can lead to surprisingly complex behavior in rod/banana
mixtures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168405 </DOCNO>
The breakdown flash of Silicon Avalance Photodiodes - backdoor for


  Silicon avalanche photodiodes are the most sensitive photodetectors in the
visible to near infrared region. However, when they are used for single photon
detection in a Geiger mode, they are known to emit light on the controlled
breakdown used to detect a photoelectron. This fluorescence light might have
serious impacts on experimental applications like quantum cryptography or
single-particle spectroscopy. We characterized the fluorescence behaviour of
silicon avalanche photodiodes in the experimentally simple passive quenching
configuration and discuss implications for their use in quantum cryptography
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74235 </DOCNO>
W/Z + b,bbar/jets at NLO using the Monte Carlo MCFM


  We summarize recent progress in next-to-leading order QCD calculations made
using the Monte Carlo MCFM. In particular, we focus on the calculations of p
anti-p -> W b-bbar, Z b-bbar and highlight the significant corrections to
background estimates for Higgs searches in the channels WH and ZH at the
Tevatron. We also report on the current progress of, and strategies for, the
calculation of the process p anti-p -> W/Z + 2 jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96047 </DOCNO>
Extension dimensional approximation theorem


  Let $L$ be a countable CW-complex and $F\colon X\to Y$ be upper
semicontinuous $UV^{[L]}$-valued mapping of a paracompact space $X$ to a
complete metric space $Y$. We prove that if $X$ is a C-space of extension
dimension $\ed X \le [L]$, then $F$ admits single-valued graph approximations.
For $L=S^n$ our result implies well-known approximation theorem for
$UV^{n-1}$-valued mappings of $n$-dimensional spaces. And for $L=\{\rm point\}$
our theorem implies a theorem of Ancel on approximations of $UV^\infty$-valued
mappings of C-spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76760 </DOCNO>
Compton scattering, vector meson photoproduction and the partonic


  At moderate and large momentum transfer, high energy vector meson
photoproduction and Compton scattering can be consistently explained by
mechanisms based on interactions and exchanges of constituent quarks and
gluons. This opens an original window on the partonic structure of hadronic
matter by emphasizing the role of quark correlations, quark exchange as
implemented through saturating Regge trajectories and non-perturbative effects
in the gluon propagator, which provides us with a bridge with lattice
calculations. Compton scattering is directly related to vector meson
photoproduction and enlarges the data set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 260 </DOCNO>
Spectral Determinant Method for Interacting N-body Systems Including


  A general expression for the Green's function of a system of $N$ particles
(bosons/fermions) interacting by contact potentials, including impurities with
Dirac-delta type potentials is derived. In one dimension for $N>2$ bosons from
our {\it spectral determinant method} the numerically calculated energy levels
agree very well with those obtained from the exact Bethe ansatz solutions while
they are an order of magnitude more accurate than those found by direct
diagonalization. For N=2 bosons the agreement is shown analytically. In the
case of N=2 interacting bosons and one impurity, the energy levels are
calculated numerically from the spectral determinant of the system. The
spectral determinant method is applied to an interacting fermion system
including an impurity to calculate the persistent current at the presence of
magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169223 </DOCNO>
Compressing Mixed-State Sources by Sending Classical Information


  We consider visible compression for discrete memoryless sources of mixed
quantum states when only classical information can be sent from Alice to Bob.
We assume that Bob knows the source statistics, and that Alice and Bob have
identical random number generators. We put in an information theoretic
framework some recent results on visible compression for sources of states with
commuting density operators, and remove the commutativity requirement. We
derive a general achievable compression rate, which is for the noncommutative
case still higher than the known lower bound. We also present several related
problems of classical information theory, and show how they can be used to
answer some questions of the mixed state compression problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73160 </DOCNO>
Pair production of neutral Higgs bosons at the CERN Large Hadron


  We study the hadroproduction of two neutral Higgs bosons in the minimal
supersymmetric extension of the standard model, which provides a handle on the
trilinear Higgs couplings. We include the contributions from quark-antiquark
annihilation at the tree level and those from gluon-gluon fusion, which
proceeds via quark and squark loops. We list compact results for the tree-level
partonic cross sections and the squark loop amplitudes, and we confirm previous
results for the quark loop amplitudes. We quantitatively analyze the hadronic
cross sections at the CERN Large Hadron Collider assuming a favorable
supergravity-inspired scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128777 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Structure and X-ray Clusters of Galaxies


  I review recent progress in the study of the large-scale structure of the
Universe through the distribution of clusters of galaxies, concentrating on new
results using X-ray selected samples. After discussing the importance of
understanding the properties of the tracers used to map structure and their
relation to the underlying mass, I elaborate on the advantages and
disadvantages of clusters of galaxies to this end. I then present the most
recent estimates of the power spectrum and correlation function of X-ray
clusters in the local (z~0.2) Universe, and their implications for cosmological
models. Finally, I briefly summarize most recent results from deep X-ray
surveys as probes of the evolution of structure and highlight current ongoing
observational efforts in this field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113804 </DOCNO>
Object Serialization and Deserialization Using XML


  Interoperability of potentially heterogeneous databases has been an ongoing
research issue for a number of years in the database community. With the trend
towards globalization of data location and data access and the consequent
requirement for the coexistence of new data stores with legacy systems, the
cooperation and data interchange between data repositories has become
increasingly important. The emergence of the eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
as a database independent representation for data offers a suitable mechanism
for transporting data between repositories. This paper describes a research
activity within a group at CERN (called CMS) towards identifying and
implementing database serialization and deserialization methods that can be
used to replicate or migrate objects across the network between CERN and
worldwide centres using XML to serialize the contents of multiple objects
resident in object-oriented databases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6276 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structures of Antiperovskite Superconductor MgCNi$_3$ and


  Electronic structure of a newly discovered antiperovskite superconductor
MgCNi$_3$ is investigated by using the LMTO band method. The main contribution
to the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi energy $E_{\rm F}$ comes from Ni
3$d$ states which are hybridized with C 2$p$ states. The DOS at $E_{\rm F}$ is
varied substantially by the hole or electron doping due to the very high and
narrow DOS peak located just below $E_{\rm F}$. We have also explored
electronic structures of C-site and Mg-site doped MgCNi$_3$ systems, and
described the superconductivity in terms of the conventional phonon mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72359 </DOCNO>
Regularization for effective field theory with two heavy particles


  A regularization for effective field theory with two propagating heavy
particles is constructed. This regularization preserves the low-energy analytic
structure, implements a low-energy power counting for the one-loop diagrams,
and preserves symmetries respected by dimensional regularization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128367 </DOCNO>
Global VLBI Observations of the High Velocity HI Absorption Toward NGC


  We present global VLBI observations of the ~8100 km s$^{-1}$ HI absorption
feature detected toward the strong radio nucleus 3C 84 of NGC 1275 in the
Perseus cluster (${V_{\rm sys}\sim}$5200 km s$^{-1}$). The observations were
obtained using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), the phased Very Large Array
(VLA), and three stations of the European VLBI Network (EVN). Our results
provide the first high dynamic range image of this feature at high spectral and
spatial resolutions. We detect six distinct absorption peaks with optical
depths ranging from 0.1 to 0.45, and multiple weak features with $\tau \leq$
0.1. The compactness of the background radio source 3C 84, which has a linear
extent of only about 16 pc, limits the conclusions that can be drawn as to the
nature of the intervening object, which must be falling toward the center of
the Perseus cluster at ~3000 km s$^{-1}$. However, the detected absorption
peaks indicate the existence of several HI clouds with velocity differences and
widths similar to those seen in Galactic neutral hydrogen absorption and
similar to some of the HI absorption seen in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The
most prominent HI clouds extend from 12 to 30 mas (milliarcseconds) on the
plane of the sky. The derived HI column densities, assuming $T_{\rm s}=50$ K,
range over $(0.35-3.8)\times 10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$, and the implied volume
densities range between 1.4 and 11 cm$^{-3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2959 </DOCNO>
Generalized Valence Bond State and Solvable Models for Spin-1/2 Systems


  A spin-1/2 system with double orbital degeneracy may possess SU(4) symmetry.
According to the group theory a global SU(4) singelt state can be expressed as
a linear combination of all possible configurations consisting of four-site
SU(4) singlets. Following P. W. Andersion's idea for spin 1/2 system, we
propose that the ground state for the antiferromagnetic SU(4) model is SU(4)
resonating valence bond (RVB) state. A short-range SU(4) RVB state is a spin
and orbital liquid, and its elementary excitations has an energy gap. We
construct a series of solvale models which ground states are short-range SU(4)
RVB states. The results can be generalized to the antiferromagnetic SU(N)
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124195 </DOCNO>
On the metallicities of UM 133, UM 283 and UM 382


  The study of group properties of the extremely metal-deficient gas-rich local
dwarfs is very promising for the understanding the galaxy formation process at
high redshifts. About 20 such objects have been picked up from the literature
in the recent review by Kunth & Ostlin(2000). However part of these galaxies
got low metallicity as a result of earlier observations, and can have rather
large uncertainties in their cited element abundances. Before to perform the
detailed studies of such galaxies as of some extreme group, it is useful to
revise their metallicities. We present the results of the SAO 6m telescope
spectrophotometry of two Blue Compact Galaxies (BCG) reported from earlier
studies as very metal-poor objects. Well measured [O III] line 4363 A allows to
deduce the temperature in HII regions and get reliable abundances of chemical
elements. For UM 133 we derive 12+log(O/H) = 7.63+/-0.02, coincident with the
published value. UM 382, according to our data, is significantly more
metal-rich: its 12+log(O/H) = 7.82+/-0.03 in comparison to the published value
7.45. The third galaxy, UM 283 seems have got its very low 12+log(O/H) = 7.59
due to a misprint. We used its published emission line intensities and derived
instead the value of 7.95. Thus the latter two galaxies should NOT be
considered as the extremely metal-poor BCGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114482 </DOCNO>
Introduction of Modern Subsystems at the KEK Injector-linac


  As an accelerator control system survives over several years, it is often the
case that new subsystems are introduced into the original control system. The
control system for the KEK electron/positron injector-linac has been using Unix
workstations and VME computers since 1993. During the eight-year operation, we
extended the system by introducing a) Windows PCs, b) PLC controllers with a
network interface, and c) web servers based on modern information technology.
Although such new subsystems are essential to improve control functionalities,
they often cause communication problems with the original control system. We
discuss the experienced problems, and present our solutions for them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179609 </DOCNO>
Finite formation time effects in inclusive and semi-inclusive


  Finite Formation Time (FFT) effects in the exclusive reaction ^4He(e,e'p)^3H
at high values of Q^2 are introduced and discussed. It is shown that the
minimum in the momentum distributions predicted by the Plane Wave Impulse
Approximation (PWIA), which is filled by the Glauber-type Final State
Interaction (FSI), is completely recovered when FFT effects are taken into
account. The semi-inclusive process ^4 He(e,e'p)X is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86597 </DOCNO>
The Graviton Production in a Hot Homogeneous Isotropic Universe


  It is shown that the RTG predicts an opportunity of the intensive production
of gravitons at the early stage of evolution of the homogeneous isotropic
Universe. A hypothesis is suggested that the produced gas of gravitons could be
just the ``dark matter'' which presently manifests itself as a ``missing mass''
in our Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1597 </DOCNO>
A square-well model for the structural and thermodynamic properties of


  A model for the radial distribution function $g(r)$ of a square-well fluid of
variable width previously proposed [S. B. Yuste and A. Santos, J. Chem. Phys.
{\bf 101}, 2355 (1994)] is revisited and simplified. The model provides an
explicit expression for the Laplace transform of $rg(r)$, the coefficients
being given as explicit functions of the density, the temperature, and the
interaction range. In the limits corresponding to hard spheres and sticky hard
spheres the model reduces to the analytical solutions of the Percus-Yevick
equation for those potentials. The results can be useful to describe in a fully
analytical way the structural and thermodynamic behavior of colloidal
suspensions modeled as hard-core particles with a short-range attraction.
Comparison with computer simulation data shows a general good agreement, even
for relatively wide wells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86752 </DOCNO>
A Scalar-Tensor Bimetric Brane World Cosmology


  We study a scalar-tensor bimetric cosmology in the Randall-Sundrum model with
one positive tension brane, where the biscalar field is assumed to be confined
on the brane. The effective Friedmann equations on the brane are obtained and
analyzed. We comment on resolution of cosmological problems in this bimetric
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97567 </DOCNO>
Varieties of clusters and Enriques diagrams


  We study the geometry of the varieties of clusters X_r introduced by Kleiman
in the 70's, showing that for every Enriques diagram D of r vertices the subset
Cl(D) of the clusters with Enriques diagram D is locally closed. We study also
the relative positions of the subvarieties Cl(D), showing that they do not form
a stratification and giving criteria for adjacencies between them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74201 </DOCNO>
New ways to explore factorization in b decays


  We propose to study factorization breaking effects in exclusive b decays
where they are strongly enhanced over the factorizing contributions. This can
be done by selecting final-state mesons with a small decay constant or with
spin greater than one. We find a variety of decay modes which could help
understand the dynamical origin of factorization and the mechanisms responsible
for its breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72453 </DOCNO>
Large-Nc QCD meets Regge theory: the example of spin-one two-point


  We discuss the phenomenological implications of assuming a Veneziano-type
spectrum for the vector and axial-vector two-point functions in QCD at large
Nc. We also compare the phenomenological results with those of Lowest-Meson
Dominance, and find that they agree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 421 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism in magnetically doped III-V semiconductors


  The origin of ferromagnetism in semimagnetic III-V materials is discussed.
The indirect exchange interaction caused by virtual electron excitations from
magnetic impurity level in the bandgap to the valence band can explain
ferromagnetism in GaAs(Mn) no matter samples are degenerated or not. Formation
of ferromagnetic clusters and percolation picture of phase transition describes
well all available experimental data and allows to predict the Mn-composition
dependence of transition temperature in wurtzite (Ga,In,Al)N epitaxial layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96334 </DOCNO>
The complex shade of a real space and its applications


  A natural oriented (2k+2)-chain in CP^{2k+1} with boundary twice RP^{2k+1},
its complex shade, is constructed. Via intersection numbers with the shade, a
new invariant, the shade number of k-dimensional subvarieties with normal
vector fields along their real part, is introduced. For an even-dimensional
real variety, the shade number and the Euler number of the complement of the
normal vector field in the real normal bundle of its real part agree. For an
odd- dimensional orientable real variety, a linear combination of the shade
number and the wrapping number (self-linking number) of its real part is
independent of the normal vector field and equals the encomplexed writhe as
defined by Viro. Shade numbers of varieties without real points and encomplexed
writhes of odd- dimensional real varieties are, in a sense, Vassiliev
invariants of degree 1.
  Complex shades of odd-dimensional spheres are constructed. Shade numbers of
real subvarieties in spheres have properties analogous to those of their
projective counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41872 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Colour-Octet Mechanism from CERN LEP2 gamma gamma -> J/psi


  We present theoretical predictions for the transverse-momentum distribution
of J/psi mesons promptly produced in gamma gamma collisions within the
factorization formalism of nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics, including
the contributions from both direct and resolved photons, and we perform a
conservative error analysis. The fraction of J/psi mesons from decays of
bottom-flavoured hadrons is estimated to be negligibly small. New data taken by
the DELPHI Collaboration at LEP2 nicely confirm these predictions, while they
disfavour those obtained within the traditional colour-singlet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 913 </DOCNO>
Microstructure of the highly dense MgB2 Superconductor by transmission


  The microstructure of the MgB2 superconductor sintered at high temperature
under a high pressure of about 3 GPa was investigated by using a
high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The TEM images did
not show any pores in the specimen. All grains were compactly connected, and no
discernable empty spaces or impurities at the boundaries existed over the
regions investigated. The HRTEM image showed clearly each constituent atom that
formed the basal hexagonal plane, without any defect in a single grain. The
a-axis lattice parameter, 0.307 nm, from this direct measurement was shorter
than the value, 0.314 nm obtained from samples prepared using diffusion
techniques. A minor impurity phase, which was most probably MgB4 and did not
form interfacial layers was also observed, but was well isolated from the main
MgB2 phase. Our results verify that the MgB2 powder was sintered under high
temperature and high pressure into its theoretical density without any porosity
or grain growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98317 </DOCNO>
Notes on interpolation in the generalized Schur class. II. Nudel'man's


  An indefinite generalization of Nudel'man's problem is used in a systematic
approach to interpolation theorems for generalized Schur and Nevanlinna
functions with interior and boundary data. Besides results on existence
criteria for Pick-Nevanlinna and Caratheodory-Fejer interpolation, the method
yealds new results on generalized interpolation in the sense of Sarason and
boundary interpolation, including properties of the finite Hilbert transform
relative to weights. The main theorem appeals to the Ball and Helton
almost-commutant lifting theorem to provide criteria for the existence of a
solution to Nudel'man's problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179118 </DOCNO>
Extraction of nuclear matter properties from nuclear masses by a model


  The extraction of nuclear matter properties from measured nuclear masses is
investigated in the energy density functional formalism of nuclei. It is shown
that the volume energy $a_1$ and the nuclear incompressibility $K_0$ depend
essentially on $\mu_n N+\bar{\mu}_p Z-2E_N$, whereas the symmetry energy $J$
and the density symmetry coefficient $L$ as well as symmetry incompressibility
$K_s$ depend essentially on $\mu_n-\bar{\mu}_p$, where
$\bar{\mu}_p=\mu_p-\partial E_C/\partial Z$, $\mu_n$ and $\mu_p$ are the
neutron and proton chemical potentials respectively, $E_N$ the nuclear energy,
and $E_C$ the Coulomb energy. The obtained symmetry energy is $J=28.5MeV$,
while other coefficients are uncertain within ranges depending on the model of
nuclear equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98092 </DOCNO>
Direct linearization method for nonlinear PDE's and the related kernel


  The standard methodology handling nonlinear PDE's involves the two steps:
numerical discretization to get a set of nonlinear algebraic equations, and
then the application of the Newton iterative linearization or its variants to
solve the nonlinear algebraic systems. Here we present an alternative strategy
called direct linearization method (DLM). The DLM discretization algebraic
equations of nonlinear PDE's is simply linear rather than nonlinear. The basic
idea behind the DLM is that we see a nonlinear term as a new independent
systematic variable and transfer a nonlinear PDE into a linear PDE with more
than one independent variable. It is stressed that the DLM strategy can be
applied combining any existing numerical discretization techniques. The
resulting linear discretization equations can be either over-posed or
well-posed. In particular, we also discuss how to create proper radial basis
functions in conjunction with the DLM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7295 </DOCNO>
Dynamic compartmentalization of bacteria: accurate division in E. coli


  Positioning of the midcell division plane within the bacterium E. coli is
controlled by the min system of proteins: MinC, MinD and MinE. These proteins
coherently oscillate from end to end of the bacterium. We present a
reaction--diffusion model describing the diffusion of min proteins along the
bacterium and their transfer between the cytoplasmic membrane and cytoplasm.
Our model spontaneously generates protein oscillations in good agreement with
experiments. We explore the oscillation stability, frequency and wavelength as
a function of protein concentration and bacterial length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149398 </DOCNO>
Trace formulas for Annuli


  Assuming the completeness condition for boundaries we derive trace formulas
for the annulus coefficients in 2-dimensional conformal field theory. We also
derive polynomial equations that relate the annulus, Moebius and Klein bottle
coefficients, and conjecture an annulus trace formula that is sensitive to the
orientation of the boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3724 </DOCNO>
Accessing the dynamics of large many-particle systems using Stochastic


  The Stochastic Series Expansion method (SSE) is a Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC)
technique working directly in the imaginary time continuum and thus avoiding
"Trotter discretization" errors. Using a non-local "operator-loop update" it
allows treating large quantum mechanical systems of many thousand sites. In
this paper we first give a comprehensive review on SSE and present benchmark
calculations of SSE's scaling behavior with system size and inverse
temperature, and compare it to the loop algorithm, whose scaling is known to be
one of the best of all QMC methods. Finally we introduce a new and efficient
algorithm to measure Green's functions and thus dynamical properties within
SSE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6898 </DOCNO>
Excitons in quantum-ring structures in a magnetic field: Optical


  We study theoretically the magnetic field effect on a neutral, but
polarizable exciton confined in quantum-ring structures. For excitons with a
nonzero dipole moment, a novel magnetic interference effect occurs: The ground
state of an exciton confined in a finite-width quantum ring possesses a nonzero
angular momentum with increasing normal magnetic field. This effect is
accompanied by a suppression of the photoluminescence in well-defined
magnetic-field intervals. The magnetic interference effect is calculated for
type-II quantum dots and quantum rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 39 </DOCNO>
Spin and Current Correlation Functions in the \bf d-density Wave State


  We calculate the spin-spin and current-current correlation functions in
states exhibiting d_{{x^2}-{y^2}}-density wave (DDW) order, d_{{x^2}-{y^2}}
superconducting order (DSC), or both types of order. The spin-spin correlation
functions in a state with both DDW and DSC order and in a state with DDW order
alone, respectively, illuminate the resonant peak seen in the superconducting
state of the underdoped cuprates and the corresponding feature seen in the
pseudogap regime. The current-current correlation function in a state with both
DDW and DSC order evinces a superfluid density with doping dependence which is
consistent with that of the underdoped cuprates. These calculations strengthen
the identification of the pseudogap with DDW order and of the underdoped
cuprates with a state with both DDW and DSC order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5213 </DOCNO>
Universal Fluctuations of the Danube Water Level: a Link with


  A global quantity, regardless of its precise nature, will often fluctuate
according to a Gaussian limit distribution. However, in highly correlated
systems, other limit distributions are possible. We have previously calculated
one such distribution and have argued that this function should apply
specifically, and in many instances, to global quantities that define a steady
state. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, the relevance of this
prediction to natural phenomena. The river level fluctuations of the Danube are
observed to obey our prediction, which immediately establishes a generic
statistical connection between turbulence, criticality and company growth
statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4687 </DOCNO>
On Classical and Quantum Cryptography


  Lectures on classical and quantum cryptography. Contents: Private key
cryptosystems. Elements of number theory. Public key cryptography and RSA
cryptosystem. Shannon`s entropy and mutual information. Entropic uncertainty
relations. The no cloning theorem. The BB84 quantum cryptographic protocol.
Security proofs. Bell`s theorem. The EPRBE quantum cryptographic protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74699 </DOCNO>
Models of Scherk-Schwarz Symmetry Breaking in 5D: Classification and


  The form of the most general orbifold breaking of gauge, global and
supersymmetries with a single extra dimension is given. In certain theories the
Higgs boson mass is ultraviolet finite due to an unbroken local supersymmetry,
which is explicitly exhibited. We construct: a 1 parameter SU(3) \times SU(2)
\times U(1) theory with 1 bulk Higgs hypermultiplet, a 2 parameter SU(3) \times
SU(2) \times U(1) theory with 2 bulk Higgs hypermultiplets, and a 2 parameter
SU(5) \to SU(3) \times SU(2) \times U(1) theory with 2 bulk Higgs
hypermultiplets, and demonstrate that these theories are unique. We compute the
Higgs mass and compactification scale in the SU(3) \times SU(2) \times U(1)
theory with 1 bulk Higgs hypermultiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174708 </DOCNO>
First Results from PHENIX at RHIC


  The first results from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=130 GeV obtained
with the PHENIX detector in the Year 2000 run at RHIC are presented. The
mid-rapidity charged particle multiplicity and transverse energy per
participating nucleon rise steadily with the number of participants, such that
transverse energy per charged particle remains relatively constant as a
function of centrality. Identified charged hadron spectra as well as
$\bar{p}/p$ and $K^+/K^-$ ratios are discussed. Charged particle and neutral
pion transverse momentum distributions in peripheral nuclear collisions are
consistent with point-like scaling. The spectra at high $p_t$ from central
collisions are significantly suppressed when compared to a simple superposition
of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3176 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structure near Impurities in the Chains of


  We study the electronic structure near impurities in the one-dimensional
chains of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$. Assuming chain superconductivity below $T_c$
due to a proximity coupling, we show that only a magnetic impurity induces
resonance states in the local density of states. Its spatial structure reflects
the particle-hole nature of chain superconductivity and thus distinguishes it
from other broken symmetry phases. For a sufficiently large scattering
strength, or due to interference effects arising from a second impurity, the
chains undergo a quantum phase transition to a polarized state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40920 </DOCNO>
Novel features of diffraction at the LHC


  Interest and problems in the studies of diffraction at LHC are highlighted.
Predictions for the global characteristics of proton-proton interactions at the
LHC energy are given. Potential discoveries of the antishadow scattering mode
and diffractive scattering conjugated with high--$E_T$ jets are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6183 </DOCNO>
Statistical Physics of the Glass Phase


  This paper gives an introduction to some of the statistical physics problems
which appear in the study of structural glasses. It is a shortened and updated
version of a more detailed review paper which has appeared in cond-mat/0005173.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114143 </DOCNO>
Suspension Flows in a Pipeline with Partial Phase Separation


  The formulation of a model for the evolution of the flow of a solid-liquid
mixture (coal-water) in a horizontal pipeline with partial phase separation is
the aim of this work. Problems of instabilities due to complex eigenvalues,
observed in previous models, seem to be completely solved in the present model,
in which we give the genesis of the different terms written in the equations,
coming from the natural definition of mass and momentum balance, and the
consequent proof of well-posedness of the obtained PDE system with
boundary-Cauchy data.
  The model describes a three-layer flow. Most of the material is carried by
the upper layer, while the bottom layer consists of an immobile sediment. The
intermediate layer grows to a maximum thickness and has the role of regulating
the mass exchange between the extreme layers.
  In the last section we present some simulations for a particular choice of
flow regime, and boundary-Cauchy data, that were suggested by experimental
results provided by Snamprogetti (Fano, Italy).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128822 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Source at the Center of the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant


  We present the first results of an XMM-Newton observation of the central
X-ray source in the Cas A supernova remnant. The spectrum can be fit equally
well with an absorbed steep power law (alpha~3, N_H~1.5x10^22 cm^-2) or with a
bremsstrahlung with temperature kT~2.4 keV and N_H~10^22 cm^-2. A blackbody
model (kT~0.7 keV) gives a slightly worse fit and requires a column density
N_H~5x10^21 cm^-2 and an emitting area with radius ~0.3 km (for d=3.4 kpc). A
search for pulsations for periods longer than 150 ms gave negative results. The
3 sigma upper limits on the pulsed fraction are ~13% for P>0.3 s and ~7% for
P>3 s. The overall properties of the central X-ray source in Cas A are
difficult to explain in terms of a rapidly spinning neutron star with a
canonical magnetic field of ~10^12 G, and are more similar to those of slowly
rotating neutron stars such as the Anomalous X-ray Pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86606 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cosmology With R+R^2 Gravity


  Canonical quantization of an action containing curvature squared term
requires introduction of an auxiliary variable. Boulware etal[1] prescribed a
technique to choose such a variable, by taking derivative of an action with
respect to the highest derivative of the field variable, present in the
action.It has been shown that[2] this technique can even be applied in
situations where introduction of auxiliary variables are not at all required,
leading to wrong Wheeler-deWitt equation. It has also been pointed out that[2]
Boulware etal's[1] prescription should be taken up only after removing all
removable total derivative terms from the action. Once this is done only a
unique description of quantum dynamics would emerge. For curvature squared term
this technique yields, for the first time, a quantum mechanical probability
interpretation of quantum cosmology, and an effective potential, whose
extremization leads to Einstein's equation. We conclude that Einstein-Hilbert
action should essentially be modified by at least a curvature squared term to
get a quantum mechanical formulation of quantuum cosmology and hence extend our
previous work[2] for such an action along with a scalar field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127142 </DOCNO>
Coupled spheroid and black-hole formation, and the multifrequency


  We use a simple model of spheroid formation to explore the relationship
between the creation of stars and dust in a massive proto galaxy and the growth
of its central black hole. This model predicts that sub-mm luminosity peaks
after only ~0.2 Gyr. However, without a very massive seed black hole,
Eddington-limited growth means that a black hole mass of 10^9 solar masses, and
hence very luminous AGN activity, cannot be produced until >0.5 Gyr after the
formation of the first massive stars in the halo. The model thus predicts a
time-lag between the peak of sub-mm luminosity and AGN luminosity in a massive
proto-elliptical of a few times 10^8 years. For a formation redshift z~5, this
means that powerful AGN activity is delayed until z~3.5, by which time star
formation in the host is ~90% complete, and sub-mm luminosity has declined to
~25% of its peak value. This provides a natural explanation for why successful
sub-mm detections of luminous radio galaxies are largely confined to z > 2.5.
Conversely the model also predicts that while all high-redshift luminous
sub-mm-selected sources should contain an active (and growing) black hole, the
typical luminosity of the AGN in such objects is ~1000 times smaller than that
of the most powerful AGN. This is consistent with the almost complete failure
to detect sub-mm selected galaxies with existing X-ray surveys. Finally the
model yields a black-hole:spheroid mass ratio which evolves rapidly in the
first Gyr, but asymptotes to ~0.001-0.003 in agreement with results at low
redshift. This ratio arises not because the AGN terminates star formation, but
because fueling of the massive black hole is linked to the total mass of gas
available for star formation in the host.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 237 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of Damping and Frequency Shifts of the Scissors


  We have studied the properties of the scissors mode of a trapped
Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{87}$Rb atoms at finite temperature. We measured
a significant shift in the frequency of the mode below the hydrodynamic limit
and a strong dependence of the damping rate as the temperature increased. We
compared our damping rate results to recent theoretical calculations for other
observed collective modes finding a fair agreement. From the frequency
measurements we deduce the moment of inertia of the gas and show that it is
quenched below the transition point, because of the superfluid nature of the
condensed gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129184 </DOCNO>
Radiative cooling in SPH hydrodynamical simulations of X-ray clusters


  The results from hydrodynamical TREESPH simulations of galaxy clusters are
used to investigate the dependence of the final cluster X-ray properties upon
the numerical resolution and the assumed star formation models for the cooled
gas. When cold gas particles are allowed to convert into stars the final gas
profiles show a well defined core radius and the temperature profiles are
nearly flat. Final X-ray luminosities are found to be numerically stable, with
uncertainties of a factor 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73924 </DOCNO>
Four-point functions in Keldysh basis


  The Keldysh three- and four-point functions are related to analytical
continuations of the Imaginary Time amplitudes,in momentum space. The relation
provides an interesting interpretation of the amplitudes that are specific to
the Keldysh basis, and of the Ward Identities they satisfy in QED. The
interpretation carries over to the (perturbative) non-equilibrium case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126092 </DOCNO>
Effects of CSPN Models on PNe Shell Modeling


  Modeling planetary nebulae (PNe) shells using different ionizing spectra for
a hot central star (CSPN) of evolved PNe, we found that especially a blackbody
model leads to wrong nebular diagnostics and abundances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87146 </DOCNO>
Does The Principle Of Equivalence Prevent Trapped Surfaces From Being


  It has been recently shown (Mitra, 2000 - astro-ph/9910408) that the timelike
spherical collapse of a radiating, physical fluid in General Relativity, as
seen by an interior co-moving observer at rest in the physical fluid, does not
permit formation of ``trapped surfaces''. This followed from the fact that the
formation of a trapped surface in a physical fluid would cause the timelike
world lines of the collapsing fluid to become null at the would be trapped
surface, thus violating the Principle of Equivalence in General Theory of
Relativity. In this paper we generalize and extend this result by studying the
problem from the point of view of the exterior Vaidya metric of a collapsing
radiating fluid as seen by an exterior stationary observer, and find that the
"no trapped surface condition" becomes g00 > 0 consistent with that obtained
for the interior co-moving metric. Since we have shown that the Principle of
Equivalence prevents trapped surfaces from being formed in collapsing,
radiating objects, then true event horizons cannot exist and Galactic Black
Hole Candidates (GBHC) must have physically observable intrinsic magnetic
dipole moments. Because of this fact it follows (Robertson and Leiter, 2002 -
astro-ph/0102381) that GBHC can be consistently described, within the framework
of General Relativity, in terms of a magneto-spheric model of collapsing,
radiating compact objects without true event horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3435 </DOCNO>
Frequency-dependence of the Nyquist noise contribution to the dephasing


  We calculate the Nyquist noise contribution to the dephasing rate
1/\tau_{nn}(omega, T) of disordered conductors in d dimensions in the regime
where the frequency omega is larger than the temperature T. For systems with a
continuous spectrum we find at zero temperature $1/ tau_{nn} (omega, 0) propto
nu_d^{-1} (omega / D)^{d/2}, which agrees qualitatively with the inelastic
quasiparticle scattering rate. Here nu_d is d-dimensional density of states,
and D is the diffusion coefficient. Because at zero frequency and finite
temperatures 1 / tau_{nn} (0, T) propto [ T / (nu_d {D}^{d/2})]^{2 / (4-d)} for
d < 2, the frequency-dependence of 1/ \tau_{nn} (omega, 0) in reduced
dimensions cannot be obtained by simply replacing T rightarrow omega in the
corresponding finite-temperature expression for 1/ tau_{nn} (0, T). We also
discuss the dephasing rate in mesoscopic systems with length L and show that
for omega < D /L^2 the spectrum is effectively continuous as far as transport
is concerned. We propose weak localization measurements of the AC conductivity
in the GHz-range to clarify the origin of the experimentally observed
zero-temperature saturation of the dephasing rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2079 </DOCNO>
Spin-Orbital Wave Excitations in Orbitally Degenerate Exchange Model


  Elementary excitations in the multipole ordered state, which models the phase
III in CeB6, are investigated by means of a generalized Holstein-Primakoff
formalism. When different kinds of nearest-neighbor exchange interactions
between multipoles are comparable to each other, orbital-flip excitations
exhibit almost one-dimensional dispersion along the z axis. With high symmetry
of the interactions, zero modes appear due to the macroscopic degeneracy of the
ground state. The next-nearest-neighbor dipole-dipole interaction, which
stabilizes the magnetic order of the phase III in CeB6, lifts the degeneracy
and leads to gapfull excitation spectrum. When the octupole-octupole
next-nearest-neighbor interaction exists simultaneously, the spectrum shows
softening at \Gamma and Z points. These excitations may be probed by neutron
scattering and ultrasonic measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5348 </DOCNO>
mesoscopic approach to the slow dynamics of supercooled liquids and


  We propose a method to analyze the dynamics of systems exhibiting slow
relaxation which is based on mesoscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The
method allows us to obtain kinetic equations of the Fokker-Planck type for the
probability functional and their corresponding Langevin equations. Our results
are compared with the ones obtained by other authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40703 </DOCNO>
New results on alpha_s and optimized scales


  A summary of the latest alpha_s results at LEP1 and LEP2 from event-shape
predictions at Order(alpha2_s) + NLLA is presented. Later these are compared to
measurements obtained using the Experimentally Optimized Scale method. Finally
the alpha_s measurement from the 4-jet rate is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95495 </DOCNO>
Existence and nonlinear stability of steady states of the


  We consider the Schr\"odinger-Poisson system in the attractive (plasma
physics) Coulomb case. Given a steady state from a certain class we prove its
nonlinear stability, using an appropriately defined energy-Casimir functional
as Lyapunov function. To obtain such steady states we start with a given
Casimir functional and construct a new functional which is in some sense dual
to the corresponding energy-Casimir functional. This dual functional has a
unique maximizer which is a steady state of the Schr\"odinger-Poisson system
and lies in the stability class. The steady states are parametrized by the
equation of state, giving the occupation probabilities of the quantum states as
a strictly decreasing function of their energy levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 867 </DOCNO>
Quantum Group based Modeling for the description of high temperature


  Following our recent conjecture to model the phenomenona of
antiferromagnetism and superconductivity by quantum symmetry groups, we propose
in the present note three toy models, namely, one based on SO_{q}(3) the other
two constructed with the SO_{q}(4) and SO_{q}(5) quantum groups. Possible
motivations and rationale for these choices are outlined. One of the prime
motivations underlying our proposal is the experimental observation of stripe
structure [phase] in high T_c superconductivity [HTSC] materials. A number of
experimental techniques have recently observed that the CuO_{2} are rather
inhomogeneous, providing evidence for phase separation into a two component
system. i.e. carrier-rich and carrier-poor regions. In particular, extended
x-ray absorption fine structure [EXAFS] demonstrated that these domains forms
stripes of undistorted and distorted local structures alternating with
mesoscopic length scale comparable with coherence length in HTSC.
 Evidence for our conjecture is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129245 </DOCNO>
A superburst from GX 3+1


  I found one long X-ray flare from the X-ray burster GX 3+1 in almost 6 years
of observations with the RXTE All Sky Monitor (ASM). The event had a peak flux
of about 1.1 Crab (1.5-12 keV), lasted between 4.4 and 16.2 hours and exhibited
a fluence of more than about 5x10^{41} erg for a source distance of 5 kpc.
During the exponential-like decay, with an exponential decay time of 1.6 hours,
spectral softening is seen. The total ASM effective exposure time on GX 3+1 is
estimated to be around a year. The flare bears all the characteristics of the
recently discovered so-called superbursts in other X-ray burst sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87181 </DOCNO>
A finite spin-foam-based theory of three and four dimensional quantum


  Starting from Ooguri's construction for $BF$ theory in three (and four)
dimensions, we show how to construct a well defined theory with an infinite
number of degrees of freedom. The spin network states that are kept invariant
by the evolution operators of the theory are exact solutions of the Hamiltonian
constraint of quantum gravity proposed by Thiemann. The resulting theory is the
first example of a well defined, finite, consistent, spin-foam based theory in
a situation with an infinite number of degrees of freedom. Since it solves the
quantum constraints of general relativity it is also a candidate for a theory
of quantum gravity. It is likely, however, that the solutions constructed
correspond to a spurious sector of solutions of the constraints. The richness
of the resulting theory makes it an interesting example to be analyzed by
forthcoming techniques that construct the semi-classical limit of spin network
quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87233 </DOCNO>
Toward a Quantization of Null Dust Collapse


  Spherically symmetric, null dust clouds, like their time-like counterparts,
may collapse classically into black holes or naked singularities depending on
their initial conditions. We consider the Hamiltonian dynamics of the collapse
of an arbitrary distribution of null dust, expressed in terms of the physical
radius, $R$, the null coordinates, $V$ for a collapsing cloud or $U$ for an
expanding cloud, the mass function, $m$, of the null matter, and their
conjugate momenta. This description is obtained from the ADM description by a
Kucha\v{r}-type canonical transformation. The constraints are linear in the
canonical momenta and Dirac's constraint quantization program is implemented.
Explicit solutions the constraints are obtained for both expanding and
contracting null dust clouds with arbitrary mass functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81279 </DOCNO>
Chemical potential response of pseudoscalar meson masses in the


  Using the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model we study chemical potential
response of the pion and kaon masses as a function of temperature and chemical
potential, i.e., dm/d\mu (T, \mu). First, we obtain the responses assuming the
vector-axial vector coupling is zero (g_V=0). Then, we include a non-zero g_V
and study the effects of g_V on the responses. We find that the behavior of
dm/d\mu for the pion is quite different from that for the kaon. It means that
dm/d\mu is much dependent on the mass difference between the two quarks, i.e.,
the u and s quarks (or even between the u and d quarks). Our results may give a
clue to future studies of dm/d\mu on the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179672 </DOCNO>
Isospin effects in Nuclear Fragmentation


  We investigate properties of the symmetry term in the equation-of-state (EOS)
of nuclear matter (NM) from the analysis of simulations of fragmentation events
in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions.
 For charge asymmetric systems a qualitative new feature in the liquid-gas
phase transition is predicted: the onset of chemical instabilities with a
mixture of isoscalar and isovector components. This leads to a separation into
a higher density (``liquid'') symmetric and a low density (``gas'')
neutron-rich phase, the so-called neutron distillation effect. We analyse the
simulations with respect to the time evolution of the isospin dynamics, as well
as with respect to the distribution and asymmetry of the final primary
fragments. Qualitatively different effects arise in central collisions, with
bulk fragmentation, and peripheral collisions with neck-fragmentation. The neck
fragments produced in this type of process appear systematically more
neutron-rich from a dynamical nucleon migration effect which is very sensitive
to the symmetry term in regions just below normal density. In general the
isospin dynamics plays an important role in all the steps of the reaction, from
prompt nucleon emission to the sequential decay of the primary fragments. A
fully microscopic description of the reaction dynamics including stochastic
elements to treat fluctuations realistically is absolutely necessary in order
to extract precise information on the fragmentation and the nuclear equation of
state. We have performed simulations for fragment production events in $n$-rich
($^{124}Sn$) and $n$-poor ($^{112}Sn$) symmetric colliding systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98560 </DOCNO>
Operator Figa-Talamanca-Herz algebras


  Let G be a locally compact group. We use the canonical operator space
structure on the spaces $L^p(G)$ for $p \in [1,\infty]$ introduced by G. Pisier
to define operator space analogues $OA_p(G)$ of the classical
Figa-Talamanca-Herz algebras $A_p(G)$. If $p \in (1,\infty)$ is arbitrary, then
$A_p(G) \subset OA_p(G)$ such that the inclusion is a contraction; if p = 2,
then $OA_2(G) \cong A(G)$ as Banachspaces spaces, but not necessarily as
operator spaces. We show that $OA_p(G)$ is a completely contractive Banach
algebra for each $p \in (1,\infty)$, and that $OA_q(G) \subset OA_p(G)$
completely contractively for amenable $G$ if $1 < p \leq q \leq 2$ or $2 \leq q
\leq p < \infty$. Finally, we characterize the amenability of G through the
existence of a bounded approximate identity in $OA_p(G)$ for one (or
equivalently for all) $p \in (1,\infty)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75129 </DOCNO>
Structure of the Coulomb and unitarity corrections to the cross section


  We analyze the structure of the Coulomb and unitarity corrections to the
single pair production as well as the cross section for the multiple pair
production. In the external field approximation we consider the probability of
$e^+e^-$ pair production at fixed impact parameter $\rho$ between colliding
ultra-relativistic heavy nuclei. We obtain the analytical result for this
probability at large $\rho$ as compared to the electron Compton wavelength. We
estimate also the unitary corrections to the total cross section of the
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123430 </DOCNO>
Observational Tests Of Intermediate Mass Star Yields Using Planetary


  This paper summarizes a project designed to study abundances in a sample of
planetary nebulae representing a broad range in progenitor mass and
metallicity. We collect abundances of C, N, and O determined for the entire
sample and compare them with theoretical predictions of planetary nebula
abundances from a grid of intermediate-mass star models. We find very good
agreement between observations and theory, lending strong support to our
current understanding of nucleosynthesis in stars with progenitor masses below
8 solar masses. This agreement between observation and theory also supports the
validity of published stellar yields of C and N in the study of the abundance
evolution of these two elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126265 </DOCNO>
Likelihood distribution for models with cosmological constant from COBE


  Using COBE-DMR 4-year data, we find a general expression yielding the
likelihood distribution in the 3-dimensional parameter space spanned by the
spectral index $n$, the spectral amplitude $a_{10}$ and the false-vacuum
density parameter $\Omega_\Lambda$. Using such simple expression, the range of
possible normalizations, within a given likelihood interval from top-likelihood
normalization, is readily found, with fair approximation, for any model with
total density parameter $\Omega_o = 1$ and assigned $n$ and $\Omega_\Lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73434 </DOCNO>
The light baryon spectrum in a relativistic quark model with


  This is the third of a series of papers treating light baryon resonances up
to 3 GeV within a relativistically covariant quark model based on the
Bethe-Salpeter equation with instantaneous two- and three-body forces. In this
last paper we extend our previous work on non-strange baryons to a prediction
of the complete strange baryon spectrum and a detailed comparison with
experiment. We apply our covariant Salpeter framework to specific quark models
as introduced in the two preceding papers. Quark confinement is realized by
linearly rising three-body string potentials with appropriate Dirac structures;
to describe the hyperfine structure of the baryon spectrum we adopt 't Hooft's
two-quark residual interaction based on QCD instanton effects. The
investigation of instanton-induced effects in the baryon mass spectrum plays a
central role in this work. We demonstrate that several prominent features of
the excited strange mass spectrum, e.g. the low positions of the strange
partners of the Roper resonance or the appearance of approximate ''parity
doublets'' in the Lambda-spectrum, find a natural, uniform explanation in our
relativistic quark model with instanton-induced forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86580 </DOCNO>
Relation between polymer and Fock excitations


  To bridge the gap between background independent, non-perturbative quantum
gravity and low energy physics described by perturbative field theory in
Minkowski space-time, Minkowskian Fock states are located, analyzed and used in
the background independent framework. This approach to the analysis of
semi-classical issues is motivated by recent results of Varadarajan. As in that
work, we use the simpler U(1) example to illustrate our constructions but, in
contrast to that work, formulate the theory in such a way that it can be
extended to full general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4737 </DOCNO>
Singularity in the boundary resistance between superfluid $^4$He and a


  We report new measurements in four cells of the thermal boundary resistance
$R$ between copper and $^4$He below but near the superfluid-transition
temperature $T_\lambda$. For $10^{-7} \leq t \equiv 1 - T/T_\lambda \leq
10^{-4}$ fits of $R = R_0 t^{x_b} + B_0$ to the data yielded $x_b \simeq 0.18$,
whereas a fit to theoretical values based on the renormalization-group theory
yielded $x_b = 0.23$. Alternatively, a good fit of the theory to the data could
be obtained if the {\it amplitude} of the prediction was reduced by a factor
close to two. The results raise the question whether the boundary conditions
used in the theory should be modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75456 </DOCNO>
With four Standard Model families, the LHC could discover the Higgs


  The existence of a 4th SM family would produce a large enhancement of the
gluon fusion channel of Higgs boson production at hadron colliders. In this
case, the SM Higgs boson could be seen at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
via the golden mode (H->4l) with an integral luminosity of only a few fb^-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 324 </DOCNO>
Nature of Spin Excitations in Two-dimensional Mott Insulators: Undoped


  We investigate the excitation spectrum of a two-dimensional resonating
valence bond (RVB) state. Treating the $pi$-flux phase with antiferromagnetic
correlations as a variational ground state, we recover the long wavelength
magnon as an "RVB exciton". However, we find that this excitation does NOT
exhaust the entire spectral weight and the high energy spectrum is dominated by
fermionic excitations. The latter can be observed directly by inelastic neutron
scattering and we predict their characteristic energy scales along different
high symmetry directions in the magnetic Brillouin zone. We also interpret
experimental results on two magnon Raman scattering and mid-infrared absorption
within this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129341 </DOCNO>
1996--1998 Polish Visual Meteor Database


  The summary of 1996-1998 visual observations collected by the Polish Comets
and Meteors Workshop is presented. In total, during 2328.12 effective observing
hours 14085 meteors were seen and plotted onto gnomonic starmaps by 41
observers. The date, time, magnitude, angular velocity and equatorial
coordinates for each observed event are given. The full 1996--1998 Polish
Visual Meteor Database (PVMDB) is accessible via INTERNET

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3916 </DOCNO>
Temperature and junction-type dependency of Andreev reflection in MgB2


  We studied the voltage and temperature dependency of the dynamic conductance
of normal metal-MgB2 junctions obtained either with the point-contact technique
(with Au and Pt tips) or by making Ag-paint spots on the surface of
high-quality single-crystal-like MgB2 samples. The fit of the conductance
curves with the generalized BTK model gives evidence of pure s-wave gap
symmetry. The temperature dependency of the gap, measured in Ag-paint junctions
(dirty limit), follows the standard BCS curve with 2Delta/kTc = 3.3. In
out-of-plane, high-pressure point contacts we obtained almost ideal Andreev
reflection characteristics showing a single small s-wave gap Delta = 2.6 +/-
0.2 (clean limit). These results support the two-gap model of
superconductivity, the presence of a modified layer at the surface of the
crystals and an important and non-conventional role of the impurities in MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6280 </DOCNO>
Effective vector-field theory and long-wavelength universality of the


  We report on an effective vector-field theory of the fractional quantum Hall
effect that takes into account projection to Landau levels. The effective
theory refers to neither the composite-boson nor composite-fermion picture, but
properly reproduces the results consistent with them, thus revealing the
universality of the long-wavelength characteristics of the quantum Hall states.
In particular, the dual-field Lagrangian of Lee and Zhang is obtained, and an
argument is given to verify the identification by Goldhaber and Jain of a
composite fermion as a dressed electron. The generalization to double-layer
systems is also remarked on.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2468 </DOCNO>
The pressure dependence of electron-phonon coupling in the organic


  We determine the pressure dependence of the electron-phonon coupling constant
in $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu(SCN)$_{2}$ by comparison of high pressure Raman
scattering and high pressure infrared reflectivity (IR) measurements. We use
comparison of the IR reflection spectrum from deuterated and protonated samples
to aid the deconvolution of several overlapping phonon modes. These coupled
modes are modelled with a Green's function to extract the linear pressure
dependence of the individual modes. The Raman active molecular vibrations of
the BEDT-TTF dimers stiffen by 0.1-1 %GPa$^{-1}$. In contrast, the
corresponding modes in the IR spectrum are observed at lower frequency, with a
pressure dependence of 0.5-5.5 %GPa$^{-1}$, due to the influence of the
electron-phonon interaction. The stronger pressure dependence of the central
C=C mode of the BEDT-TTF molecule in the IR, is discussed. Our analysis
suggests that reduction of electron-phonon coupling under pressure does not
account for observed suppression of superconductivity under pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149601 </DOCNO>
Type IIA Orientifold Limit of M-Theory on Compact Joyce 8-Manifold of


  We show that M-theory compactified on a compact Joyce 8-manifold of
$Spin(7)$-holonomy, which yields an effective theory in $D = 3$ with $\N$ = 1
supersymmetry, admits at some special points in it moduli space a description
in terms of type IIA theory on an orientifold of compact Joyce 7-manifold of
$G_2$-holonomy. We find the evidence in favour of this duality by computing the
massless spectra on both M-thory side and type IIA side. For the latter, we
compute the massless spectra by going to the orbifold limit of the Joyce
7-manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179295 </DOCNO>
Nucleon-Nucleon Optical Model for Energies to 3 GeV


  Several nucleon-nucleon potentials, Paris, Nijmegen, Argonne, and those
derived by quantum inversion, which describe the NN interaction for T-lab below
300$ MeV are extended in their range of application as NN optical models.
Extensions are made in r-space using complex separable potentials definable
with a wide range of form factor options including those of boundary condition
models. We use the latest phase shift analyses SP00 (FA00, WI00) of Arndt et
al. from 300 MeV to 3 GeV to determine these extensions. The imaginary parts of
the optical model interactions account for loss of flux into direct or resonant
production processes. The optical potential approach is of particular value as
it permits one to visualize fusion, and subsequent fission, of nucleons when
T-lab above 2 GeV. We do so by calculating the scattering wave functions to
specify the energy and radial dependences of flux losses and of probability
distributions. Furthermore, half-off the energy shell t-matrices are presented
as they are readily deduced with this approach. Such t-matrices are required
for studies of few- and many-body nuclear reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77116 </DOCNO>
Orbitally excited D and B mesons in the approach of the QCD string with


  In this letter we discuss the masses and the splittings of 1(2S+1)P_J states
in the spectrum of D and B mesons, as they appear in the approach of the QCD
string with quarks at the ends. We find good agreement of our predictions with
those of other QCD-motivated models as well as with the lattice and
experimental data, including recent experimental results. We discuss the
ordering pattern for P levels in D- and B-mesonic spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73193 </DOCNO>
Is Neutrino a Superluminal Particle?


  Based on the experimental discovery that the mass-square of neutrino is
negative, a quantum theory for superluminal neutrino is proposed. Two Weyl
equations coupled together via a mass term respecting the maximum parity
violation lead to a new equation which describes the superluminal motion of
neutrino with permanent helicity. Various strange features of subluminal and
superluminal particles can be ascribed to the relative variation of two
contradictory fields superposing coherently inside the particle with the change
of its speed u in the whole range ($0<u<\infty$). Being compatible with the
theory of special relativity, this theory may have various applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125358 </DOCNO>
My Quarter Century with Jan


  A quarter century ago, Jan van Paradijs and I started on a scientific
journey, our lives became entwined, and a friendship evolved that shaped both
our lives scientifically and in personal matters. To tell our story was very
difficult for me. I went through 24 years of notes in my calendars and re-lived
more than 8000 days of my own and Jan's life, 20 years of slides, 15 years of
e-mail. There were times that I had to stop and leave it alone for a week or
more as it became too emotional. Few people know (perhaps only two) what we
meant for each other. When Jan died, part of me died.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2510 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamical Test of Non Extensive Thermostatistics


  An ideal mixture of parahydrogen (with nuclear spin K=0) and orthohydrogen
(with K=1), in statistical weights 1/4 and 3/4, respectively, is used as a test
ground for the existence of non-extensivity in chemical physics. We report on a
new bound on the non extensivity parameter q - 1 that characterizes generalized
thermostatistics a la Tsallis. This bound is obtained on the basis of
laboratory measurements of the specific heat of hydrogen. Suggestions are
advanced for the performance of improved measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41642 </DOCNO>
Bottom Quark Fragmentation in Top Quark Decay


  We study the fragmentation of the b quark in top decay in NLO QCD, within the
framework of perturbative fragmentation, which allows one to resum large
logarithms $\sim\log (m_t^2/m_b^2)$. We show the b-energy distribution, which
we compare with the exact ${\cal O} (\alpha_S)$ result for a massive b quark.
We use data from $e^+e^-$ machines in order to describe the b-quark
hadronization and make predictions for the energy spectrum of b-flavoured
hadrons in top decay. We also investigate the effect of NLL soft-gluon
resummation in the initial condition of the perturbative fragmentation function
on parton- and hadron-level energy distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129103 </DOCNO>
The Highest Energy Cosmic Rays, Gamma Rays and Neutrinos: Facts, Fancy


  Although cosmic rays were discovered 90 years ago, we do not know how and
where they are accelerated. There is compelling evidence that the highest
energy cosmic rays are extra-galactic -- they cannot be contained by our
galaxy's magnetic field anyway because their gyroradius exceeds its dimensions.
Elementary elementary-particle physics dictates a universal upper limit on
their energy of $5\times10^{19}$ eV, the so-called Greisen-Kuzmin-Zatsepin
cutoff; however, particles in excess of this energy have been observed, adding
one more puzzle to the cosmic ray mystery. Mystery is nonetheless fertile
ground for progress: we will review the facts and mention some very speculative
interpretations. There is indeed a realistic hope that the oldest problem in
astronomy will be resolved soon by ambitious experimentation: air shower arrays
of $10^4$ km$^2$ area, arrays of air Cerenkov detectors and kilometer-scale
neutrino observatories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179399 </DOCNO>
The Separable Kernel of Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction in the


  The dispersion relations for nucleon-nucleon (NN) T-matrix in the framework
of Bethe-Salpeter equation for two spin one-half particle system and with
separable kernel of interaction are considered in the paper. The developed
expressions are applied for construction of the separable kernel of interaction
for S partial-waves in singlet and triplet channels. We calculate the low
energy scattering parameters and the phase shifts and also the deuteron binding
energy with the separable interaction. The approach can be easily extended to
higher partial-waves for NN-scattering and other reactions (anti N N-, pi
N-scattering).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3145 </DOCNO>
One thing that general relativity says about photons in matter


  Let us abandon for a moment the strict epistemological standpoint of quantum
field theory, that eventually comes to declare nonsensical any question about
the photon posed outside the quantum theoretical framework. We can then avail
of the works by Whittaker et al. and by Synge about the particle and the wave
model of the photon in the vacuum of general relativity. We can also rely on
important results found by Gordon and by Pham Mau Quan: thanks to Gordon's
discovery of an effective metric these authors have been able to reduce to the
vacuum case several problems of the electromagnetic theory of dielectrics.
    The joint use of these old findings allows one to conclude that a quantum
theoretical photon in an isotropic dielectric has a classical simile only if
the dielectric is also homogeneous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2691 </DOCNO>
Decoherence from Vacuum Fluctuations


  Vacuum fluctuations are a source of irreversibility and decoherence. We
investigate the persistent current and its fluctuations in a ring with an
in-line quantum dot with an Aharonov-Bohm flux through the hole of the ring.
The Coulomb blockade leads to persistent current peaks at values of the gate
voltage at which two charge states of the dot have the same free energy. We
couple the structure to an external circuit and investigate the effect of the
zero-temperature (vacuum fluctuations) on the ground state of the ring. We find
that the ground state of the ring undergoes a crossover from a state with an
average persistent current much larger than the (time-dependent) mean squared
fluctuations to a state with a small average persistent current and large mean
squared fluctuations. We discuss the spectral density of charge fluctuations
and discuss diffusion rates for angle variables characterizing the ground state
in Bloch representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75805 </DOCNO>
Some questions concerning Bose-Einstein correlations in multiple


  Most models of Bose-Einstein correlations in multiple particle production
processes can be ascribed to one of the following three broad classes: models
based on the original idea of the Goldhabers, Lee nad Pais, hydrodynamic models
and string models. We present for discussion some basic questions concerning
each of these classes of models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85825 </DOCNO>
Dynamical algebra and Dirac quantum modes in Taub-NUT background


  The SO(4,1) gauge-invariant theory of the Dirac fermions in the external
field of the Kaluza-Klein monopole is investigated. It is shown that the
discrete quantum modes are governed by reducible representations of the o(4)
dynamical algebra generated by the components of the angular momentum operator
and those of the Runge-Lenz operator of the Dirac theory in Taub-NUT
background. The consequence is that there exist central and axial discrete
modes whose spinors have no separated variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40870 </DOCNO>
Search for R-parity violation with a Ubar Dbar Dbar coupling at


  Searches for pair production of gauginos and squarks in e+e- collisions at a
centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV have been performed on data corresponding to
an integrated luminosity of 158 pb^{-1} collected by the DELPHI detector at
LEP. The data were analyzed under the assumption of non-conservation of
R-parity through a single dominant Ubar Dbar Dbar coupling between squarks and
quarks. Typical final states contain between 4 and 10 jets with or without
additional leptons. No excess of data above Standard Model expectations was
observed. The results were used to constrain domains of the MSSM parameter
space and derive limits on the masses of supersymmetric particles. The
following mass limits at 95% CL were obtained from these searches:
   neutralino mass: m_{\tilde{\chi^0_{1}}} \geq 32 GeV
   chargino mass: m_{\tilde{\chi^+_{1}}} \geq 94 GeV
   stop and sbottom mass (indirect decay) with \Delta M > 5 GeV:
   m_{\tilde{t_1}} \geq 74 GeV, for \Phi_{mix}=0 rad
   m_{\tilde{t_1}} \geq 59 GeV, for \Phi_{mix}=0.98 rad
   m_{\tilde{b_1}} \geq 72 GeV, for \Phi_{mix}=0 rad.
 The angle \phi_{mix} is the mixing angle between left and right handed quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76480 </DOCNO>
Lepton Transmutation in the Dualized Standard Model


  The successful explanation of fermion mixing and of the fermion mass
hierarchy by the Dualized Standard Model (DSM) scheme is based on the premises
of a fermion mass matrix rotating in generation space with changing scales at a
certain speed, which could in principle lead to sizeable flavour-violation
observable in high sensitivity experiments such as BaBar. However, a full
perturbative calculation to 1-loop order reported here shows that this
kinematical, flavour-violating effect of a rotating mass matrix is off-set in
the DSM by parallel effects from rotating wave functions and vertices giving in
the end only very small flavour-violations which are unlikely to be detectable
by present experiments. The result means that at least for the present the DSM
scheme has survived yet another threat to its validity, which is indeed its
most stringent and dangerous to-date. It also provides some clarification of
certain concepts connected with the rotating mass matrix which had previously
been found puzzling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126004 </DOCNO>
Spectropolarimetry of Broad H_alpha Lines and Geometry of the BLR


  In a small fraction of Broad Line Radio Galaxies (BLRG) and Seyfert 1
galaxies, the polarization position angle rotates across the broad emission
lines, especially at H_alpha. An understanding of this behavior can potentially
yield important information on the scattering geometry in the nucleus. We show
two examples of this phenomenon, 3C 445, a BLRG, and Mrk 231, a Seyfert 1, and
present an equatorial scattering model that explains some of its features in a
straightforward way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96318 </DOCNO>
Phase transition for the frog model


  We study a system of simple random walks on graphs, known as frog model. This
model can be described as follows: There are active and sleeping particles
living on some graph G. Each active particle performs a simple random walk with
discrete time and at each moment it may disappear with probability 1-p. When an
active particle hits a sleeping particle, the latter becomes active. Phase
transition results and asymptotic values for critical parameters are presented
for Z^d and regular trees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 788 </DOCNO>
Coherent oscillations in a Cooper-pair box


  This paper is devoted to an analysis of the experiment by Nakamura {\it et
al.} (Nature {\bf 398}, 786 (1999)) on the quantum state control in Josephson
junctions devices. By considering the relevant processes involved in the
detection of the charge state of the box and a realistic description of the
gate pulse we are able to analyze some aspects of the experiment (like the
amplitude of the measurement current) in a quantitative way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124580 </DOCNO>
II: Bayesian Methods for Cosmological Parameter Estimation from Cosmic


  We present a strategy for a statistically rigorous Bayesian approach to the
problem of determining cosmological parameters from the results of observations
of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background. Our strategy relies on
Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, specifically the Metropolis-Hastings
algorithm, to perform the necessary high-dimensional integrals. We describe
the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm in detail and discuss the results of our
test on simulated data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149812 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rotation Axis, Birefrigence and Axions to detect Primordial


  Nodland Ralston (PRL,1997) investigated the cosmological anisotropy of
electromagnetic fields.In this paper we show that it is possible obtain a
torsion correction to Nodland-Ralston action starting from the massive Proca
electrodynamics in Riemannian spacetime and performing the minimal coupling
with torsion.We end up with an action which contains the Nodland Ralston action
without breaking the gauge invariance.This mechanism however gives a photon a
mass generated by the nonlinear torsion terms.The torsion vector is along the
cosmic rotation axis and interacts with the massive photon.This method which
breaks conformal invariance allow us to determine a primordial torsion of the
order $10^{-29}eV$ from the well-known photon mass limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113993 </DOCNO>
Causal Classical Theory of Radiation Damping


  It is shown how initial conditions can be appropriately defined for the
integration of Lorentz-Dirac equations of motion. The integration is performed
\QTR{it}{forward} in time. The theory is applied to the case of the motion of
an electron in an intense laser pulse, relevant to nonlinear Compton
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73412 </DOCNO>
Spin alignment of vector meson in e+e- annihilation at Z0 pole


  We calculate the spin density matrix of the vector meson produced in e+e-
annihilation at Z^0 pole. We show that the data imply a significant
polarization for the antiquark which is created in the fragmentation process of
the polarized initial quark and combines with the fragmenting quark to form the
vector meson. The direction of polarization is opposite to that of the
fragmenting quark and the magnitude is of the order of 0.5. A qualitative
explanation of this result based on the LUND string fragmentation model is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2840 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Mechanics of Rotons


  The elementary excitations in superfluid liquid He-4 named rotons have an
unusual dispersion curve. The energy is an approximately quadratic function of
(p-p_0), the difference between the magnitude of the momentum p and a
characteristic value p_0. As a result, while for p>p_0 a roton has its (group)
velocity parallel to its momentum, when p<p_0 the velocity and momentum are
antiparallel. When p=p_0, the roton has non-zero momentum but zero velocity.
These kinematic properties lead to unusual trajectories when rotons scatter or
experience external forces. This paper examines this behavior in the classical
(ray optics) limit, where the roton wavelength is small compared with all other
dimensions. Several experiments illustrate these effects. The examples are
interesting in themselves, and also offer unconventional pedagogical
possibilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124363 </DOCNO>
The Continuing Slow Decline of AG Pegasi


  We analyze optical and ultraviolet observations of the symbiotic binary AG
Pegasi acquired during 1992-97. The bolometric luminosity of the hot component
declined by a factor of 2-3 from 1980-1985 to 1997. Since 1992, the effective
temperature of the hot component may have declined by 10%-20%, but this decline
is comparable to the measurement errors. Optical observations of H-beta and He
I emission show a clear illumination effect, where high energy photons from the
hot component ionize the outer atmosphere of the red giant. Simple illumination
models generally account for the magnitude of the optical and ultraviolet
emission line fluxes. High ionization emission lines - [Ne V], [Mg V], and [Fe
VII] - suggest mechanical heating in the outer portions of the photoionized red
giant wind. This emission probably originates in a low density region $\sim$
30-300 AU from the central binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123663 </DOCNO>
Evidence in Favour of IMF Variations


  The stellar initial mass function (IMF) determines the relative number of
stars born at a given mass. Despite the tremendous effort to establish a
universal IMF, the astronomical literature offers a wealth of diverse evidence
for IMF variations. This review was prepared for a controversial debate at the
conference ``Starbursts -- Near and Far'' at Ringberg Castle, 2000, and gives a
one-sided portrayal in favour of IMF variations. I will summarise the empirical
evidence that the IMF varies with time, with environment, and for all stellar
masses. While I see no obvious systematic trend in most regions of our Galaxy,
there is at least an indication that the IMF is biased towards more massive
stars in the early universe and in starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40698 </DOCNO>
The MECO experiment: A search for lepton flavor violation in muonic


  MECO will search for direct evidence of muon and electron flavor violation in
the decay of muons in Coulomb bound states via coherent recoil of the nucleus
and decay electron. The expected sensitivity to the $\mu^{-} {\rm N} \to e^{-}
+ {\rm N}$ branching fraction relative to muon capture $\mu^{-} {\rm N}(A,Z)
\to \nu_{\mu} + {\rm N}(A,Z-1)$ is $R_{\mu e} < 5\times 10^{-17}$ at 90%
confidence level, roughly three to four orders of magnitude lower than current
limits. This article provides an overview of the experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123592 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulations Of Particle Acceleration In Relativistic Shocks


  Numerical modelling is performed for extreme relativistic parallel shocks
with upstream Lorentz factor $\Gamma=50$. Assuming the scattering is either
large angle or over pitch angles $\sim \Gamma^{-1}$, spectral flattening and
shock aaceleration speed-up is found. The energy gain for the first shock cycle
is $\sim \Gamma^{2}$. The likely output from relativistic shocks due to the
infall from the accretion disk to the AGN black hole is computed. Neutrinos
from proton-gamma interactions may be detectable with planned neutrino
telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123552 </DOCNO>
The Annulus-Filtered E and B Modes in CMBR Polarization


  This work shows that the CMB polarization E and B modes can be measured in a
clean manner in the real space by adopting a specific observing strategy: the
detectors are configured to lie around a ring to observe an annulus of sky,
where the antenna axis in each detector is oriented in the local radial
direction. In particular, for the measurement of the weak B mode, the detector
ring can be put in rotation about its axis. This additional degree of freedom
allows each detector to directly measure the B-mode signal through long-term
exposure to the sky without further data manipulation for removal of the E
mode. We present the variances of the expected measured E and B-mode surface
brightness fluctuations as functions of the radius of the sky annulus. Both E
and B modes have distinct features that can serve as the indicators for
claiming detection. The temperature anisotropy-E mode correlation can also be
constructed by the present method, though it is probably not optimaized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73342 </DOCNO>
Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking in the extra dimensions


  We study the radiative spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking in the extra
dimensions scenarios of the standard model extension proposed by Antoniadis
{\it et al}, Dienes {\it et al.} and Pomarol {\it et al.}. In the framework of
multi-scale effective theory when viewing from the ultraviolet cutoff scale
down to the low energy scale, we find that the effects of Kaluza-Klein
excitations of bosons can change the sign of the Higgs mass term of the
standard model from positive to negative and therefore trigger the electroweak
symmetry breaking at 1.6 (2) TeV or so when the compactification scale is
assumed to be 0.8 (1.5) TeV or so. New particle contents beyond the SM or
supersymmetry are not necessary for this mechanism. We conclude that in the
extra dimension scenarios, the radiative correction can naturally induce the
desired electroweak symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 42 </DOCNO>
On Tsallis' Noextensive Thermostatistics and the H-Theorem


  The kinetic foundations of Tsallis' nonextensive thermostatistics are
investigated through Boltzmann's transport equation approach.
  Our analysis follows from a nonextensive generalization of the ``molecular
chaos hypothesis". For q>0, the q-transport equation satisfies an H-theorem
based on Tsallis entropy. It is also proved that the collisional equilibrium is
given by Tsallis' q-nonextensive velocity distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6886 </DOCNO>
Almost any quantum spin system with short-range interactions can support


  Inspired by Kitaev's argument that physical error correction is possible in a
system of interacting anyons, we demonstrate that such "self-correction" is
fairly common in spin systems with classical Hamiltonians that admit the
Peierls argument and where errors are modelled by quantum perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124865 </DOCNO>
Revisiting the Cosmic Cooling Crisis


  Recent measurements of the K-band luminosity function now provide us with
strong, reliable constraints on the fraction of baryons which have cooled.
Globally, this fraction is only about 5%, and there is no strong evidence that
it is significantly higher in clusters. Without an effective sub-grid feedback
prescription, the cooled gas fraction in any numerical simulation exceeds these
observational constraints, and increases with increasing resolution. This
compromises any discussion of galaxy and cluster properties based on results of
simulations which include cooling but do not implement an effective feedback
mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7553 </DOCNO>
Theory of Magnetic Field Induced Spin Density Wave in High Temperature


  The induction of spin density wave (SDW) and charge density wave (CDW)
orderings in the mixed state of high $T_c$ superconductors (HTS) is
investigated by using the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations based
upon an effective model Hamiltonian with competing SDW and d-wave
superconductivity interactions. For optimized doping sample, the modulation of
the induced SDW and its associated CDW is determined by the vortex lattice and
their patterns obey the four-fold symmetry. By deceasing doping level, both SDW
and CDW show quasi-one dimensional like behavior, and the CDW has a period just
half that of the SDW along one direction. From the calculation of the local
density of states (LDOS), we found that the majority of the quasi-particles
inside the vortex core are localized. All these results are consistent with
several recent experiments on HTS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74211 </DOCNO>
High-energy neutrinos and hard $\gamma$-rays in coincidence with Gamma


  The observations suggest that $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced by jets
of relativistic cannonballs (CBs), emitted in supernova (SN) explosions. The
CBs, reheated by their collision with the SN shell, emit radiation and
Doppler-boost it to the few-hundred keV energy of the GRB's photons.
Chaperoning the GRB, there should be an intense flux of neutrinos of a few
hundreds of GeV energy, made in $\pi^\pm$ decays: the SN shell acts as a dump
of the beam of CBs. The $\nu$ beam carries almost all of the emitted energy,
but is much narrower than the GRB beam and should only be detected in
coincidence with the small fraction of GRBs whose CBs are very precisely
pointing to us. The $\pi^0$s made in the transparent outskirts of the SN shell
decay into energetic $\gamma$-rays (EGRs) of energy of ${\cal{O}}$(100) GeV.
The EGR beam, whose energy fluence is comparable to that of the companion GRB,
is as wide as the GRB beam and should be observable, in coincidence with GRBs,
with existing or planned detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75453 </DOCNO>
Vector Manifestation in Hot Matter


  Based on the hidden local symmetry (HLS) Lagrangian as an effective field
theory of QCD, we find that the chiral symmetry restoration for hot QCD can be
realized through the Vector Manifestation where the rho meson becomes massless
degenerate with pi as the chiral partner. This is done by including, in
addition to the hadronic thermal effects due to the pi- and rho-loops, the
intrinsic temperature dependences of the parameters of the HLS Lagrangian
through the matching of the HLS with the underlying QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1139 </DOCNO>
Observation of two-magnon bound states in the two-leg ladders of


  Phonon-assisted 2-magnon absorption is studied at T=4 K in the spin-1/2
two-leg ladders of Ca_14-x La_x Cu_24 O_41 (x=5 and 4) for polarization of the
electrical field parallel to the legs and the rungs, respectively. Two peaks at
about 2140 and 2800 1/cm reflect van-Hove singularities in the density of
states of the strongly dispersing 2-magnon singlet bound state, and a broad
peak at about 4000 1/cm is identified with the 2-magnon continuum. Two
different theoretical approaches (Jordan-Wigner fermions and perturbation
theory) describe the data very well for J_parallel = 1050 - 1100 1/cm and
J_parallel / J_perp = 1 - 1.1. A striking similarity of the high-energy
continuum absorption of the ladders and of the undoped high T_c cuprates is
observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179224 </DOCNO>
Search for magnetic rotation in the A~140 region


  Magnetic dipole bands have been identified in 142,143,144Gd and 141Eu nuclei.
The observed bands are based on configurations with small oblate deformation
involving high-Omega, h11/2 proton particles and low-Omega, h11/2 neutron
holes. Information about the strength of the effective interaction between the
constituent nucleons has been deduced using a semiclassical scheme of the
coupling of two angular momentum vectors. The experimental results are compared
with predictions of tilted axis cranking calculations. The transition from
irregular dipole band in 144Gd to more regular ones in lighter Gd nuclei is
observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83650 </DOCNO>
The alldifferent Constraint: A Survey


  The constraint of difference is known to the constraint programming community
since Lauriere introduced Alice in 1978. Since then, several solving strategies
have been designed for this constraint. In this paper we give both a practical
overview and an abstract comparison of these different strategies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1304 </DOCNO>
Closely spaced and separately contacted 2d electron and 2d hole gases by


  Separately contacted double layers of a 2d electron - 2d hole gases have been
prepared in GaAs separated by thin AlGaAs barriers with thicknesses down to 15
nm. The molecular-beam-epitaxial growth was interrupted just before the barrier
in order to use in situ focussed-ion-beam implantation to pattern contacts
which extend underneath the barrier. The two charge gases form upon biasing the
p- and n-type contacts underneath and above the barrier in forward direction
and show independent transistor-like behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129255 </DOCNO>
The Role of Strangeness in Astrophysics - an Odyssey through Strange


  The equation of state for compact stars is reviewed with special emphasis on
the role of strange hadrons, strange dibaryons and strange quark matter.
Implications for the properties of compact stars are presented. The importance
of neutron star data to constrain the properties of hypothetic particles and
the possible existence of exotic phases in dense matter is outlined. We also
discuss the growing interplay between astrophysics and heavy-ion physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128449 </DOCNO>
Gas Dynamics and Inflow in gas-rich Galaxy Mergers


  We performed N-body/SPH simulations of merging gas-rich disk galaxies with
mass ratios of 1:1 and 3:1. A stellar disk and bulge component and a dark halo
was realized with collisionless particles, the gas was represented by SPH
particles. Since we did not include star formation we focused on the gas
dynamics and its influence on the structure of merger remnants. We find that
equal-mass mergers are in general more effective in driving gas to the center.
Around 50% of the gas resides in the central regions after the merger is
complete. The gas in unequal-mass mergers keeps a large amount of its initial
angular momentum and settles in a large scale disk while only 20% -30% of the
gas is driven to the center. This general result is almost independent of the
merger geometry. The gas in the outer regions accumulates in dense knots within
tidal tails which could lead to the formation of open clusters or dwarf
satellites. Later on, the gas knots loose angular momentum by dynamical
friction and successively sink to the center of the remnant thereby increasing
the total gas content of the disk. Due to the influence of the gas the
simulated merger remnant becomes more oblate than its pure stellar counterpart.
The shape of the stellar LOSVD changes and the third-order Gauss-Hermite
coefficient $h_3$ is in good agreement with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126370 </DOCNO>
The European Large Area ISO Survey VI - Discovery of a new hyperluminous


  We report the discovery of the first hyperluminous infrared galaxy (HyLIG) in
the course of the European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). This object has been
detected by ISO at 6.7, 15, and 90 microns, and is found to be a broad-line,
radio-quiet quasar at a redshift: z = 1.099. From a detailed multi-component
model fit of the spectral energy distribution, we derive a total infrared
luminosity: L_IR (1-1000 microns) ~ 1.0 x 10E13 h_65^-2 L_sun (q_0 = 0.5), and
discuss the possible existence of a starburst contributing to the far-IR
output. Observations to date present no evidence for lens magnification. This
galaxy is one of the very few HyLIGs with an X-ray detection. On the basis of
its soft X-ray properties, we suggest that this broad-line object may be the
face-on analogue of narrow-line, Seyfert-like HyLIGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125784 </DOCNO>
Composite Quasar Spectra From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey


  We have created a variety of composite quasar spectra using a homogeneous
data set of over 2200 spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The
quasar sample spans a redshift range of 0.044 <= z <= 4.789, and an absolute r'
magnitude range of -18.0 to -26.5. The median composite covers a rest
wavelength range from 800 - 8555A, and reaches a peak signal-to-noise ratio of
over 300 per 1A resolution element in the rest frame. We have identified over
80 emission line features in the spectrum. Emission line peak velocity shifts
of the broad permitted and semi-forbidden lines are strongly correlated with
ionization energy, as previously suggested, but we find that the narrow
forbidden lines are also shifted by amounts which are strongly correlated with
ionization energy. The magnitude of the forbidden line shifts is < 100 km/s,
compared to shifts of up to 550 km/s for some of the permitted and
semi-forbidden lines. At wavelengths longer than the Ly-a emission, the
continuum of the geometric mean composite is well-fit by two power-laws, with a
break at approximately 5000A. The frequency power law index, alpha_nu, is -0.44
from 1300 - 5000A, and -2.45 redward of about 5000A. The abrupt change in slope
can be accounted for partly by host galaxy contamination at low redshift.
Stellar absorption lines, including higher-order Balmer lines, seen in the
composites suggest that young or intermediate age stars make a significant
contribution to the light of the host galaxies. An electronic table of the
median quasar template is available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148188 </DOCNO>
RG Flows Towards IR Isolated Fixed Points: Some Type 0 Samples


  We perform here a critical analysis of some non-supersymmetric gravity
solutions in Type 0B string theory. We first consider the most general
configuration of parallel N electric and M magnetic D3-branes. The field theory
living on their worldvolume is non-supersymmetric and non-conformal (if N is
different from M) and has gauge group SU(N)XSU(M). We study the IR regime of
the conjectured dual gravity background. A fine tuned solution exists with an
asymptotically vanishing tachyon and a running dilaton, which could correspond
to a flow towards an IR isolated fixed point at strong coupling. This opens the
question upon the possibility of extending AdS/CFT techniques to flows towards
IR isolated fixed points. We then use D3-branes as probes of this and other
Type 0 backgrounds available in literature which cover the M=0 (or N=0) case.
We shaw that for the fine tuned IR conformal solutions the stacks of parallel
branes are plagued by instabilities, due to the repulsive force between branes
of the same type. Curiously, for a particular solution which could be dual to a
confining gauge theory, the stack should instead be stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168922 </DOCNO>
Catalysis in non--local quantum operations


  We show how entanglement can be used, without being consumed, to accomplish
unitary operations that could not be performed with out it. When applied to
infinitesimal transformations our method makes equivalent, in the sense of
Hamiltonian simulation, a whole class of otherwise inequivalent two-qubit
interactions. The new catalysis effect also implies the asymptotic equivalence
of all such interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98960 </DOCNO>
On quadrisecant lines of threefolds in P^5


  We study smooth threefolds of the projective space of dimension 5 whose
quadrisecant lines don't fill up the space. We give a complete classification
of those threefolds X whose only quadrisecant lines are the lines contained in
X. Then we prove that, if X admits "true" quadrisecant lines, but they don't
fill up the space, then either X is contained in a cubic hypersurface, or it
contains a family of dimension at least two of plane curves of degree at least
four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72900 </DOCNO>
Buckyballs of QCD: gluon junction networks


  We propose that femto scale QCD analogs of Fullerene type excitations may
exist with ``magic numbers'' 8,24,48, and 120. These ``J-balls'' are the most
symmetrical closed networks of gluonic baryon junctions and anti-junctions with
zero net baryon number. CP odd J-Moebii and other femto-tubes and tori gluonic
structures may also exist. We estimate the relative binding energies and
discuss possible experimental signatures of the formation of these new
topological gluonic states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127777 </DOCNO>
On the Formation of Massive Primordial Stars


  We investigate the formation by accretion of massive primordial protostars in
the range 10 to 300 Msun. The high accretion rate used in the models (4.4 x
10^{-3} Msun/yr) causes the structure and evolution to differ significantly
from those of both present-day protostars and primordial zero-age main sequence
stars. After an initial expansion of the radius (for < 12 Msun), the protostar
undergoes an extended phase of contraction (up to 60 Msun). The stellar surface
is not visible throughout most of the main accretion phase, since a photosphere
is formed in the infalling envelope. Also, significant nuclear burning does not
take place until a protostellar mass of about 80 Msun. As the interior
luminosity approaches the Eddington luminosity, the protostellar radius rapidly
expands, reaching a maximum around 100 Msun. Changes in the ionization of the
surface layers induce a secondary phase of contraction, followed by a final
swelling due to radiation pressure when the stellar mass reaches about 300
Msun. This expansion is likely to signal the end of the main accretion phase,
thus setting an upper limit to the protostellar mass formed in these
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129540 </DOCNO>
Observations and modelling of a large optical flare on AT Microscopii


  Spectroscopic observations covering the wavelength range 3600--4600\AA are
presented for a large flare on the late type M dwarf AT Mic (dM4.5e). A
procedure to estimate the physical parameters of the flaring plasma has been
used which assumes a simplified slab model of the flare based on a comparison
of observed and computed Balmer decrements. With this procedure we have
determined the electron density, electron temperature, optical thickness and
temperature of the underlying source for the impulsive and gradual phases of
the flare. The magnitude and duration of the flare allows us to trace the
physical parameters of the response of the lower atmosphere. In order to check
our derived values we have compared them with other methods. In addition, we
have also applied our procedure to a stellar and a solar flare for which
parameters have been obtained using other techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1513 </DOCNO>
Inherent Structures in models for fragile and strong glass


  An analysis of the dynamics is performed, of exactly solvable models for
fragile and strong glasses, exploiting the partitioning of the free energy
landscape in inherent structures. The results are compared with the exact
solution of the dynamics, by employing the formulation of an effective
temperature used in literature. Also a new formulation is introduced, based
upon general statistical considerations, that performs better. Though the
considered models are conceptually simple there is no limit in which the
inherent structure approach is exact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72469 </DOCNO>
Current quark mass effects on chiral phase transition of QCD in the


  Current quark mass effects on the chiral phase transition of QCD is studied
in the improved ladder approximation. An infrared behavior of the gluon
propagator is modified in terms of an effective running coupling. The analysis
is based on a composite operator formalism and a variational approach. We use
the Schwinger-Dyson equation to give a ``normalization condition'' for the
Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis effective potential and to isolate the ultraviolet
divergence which appears in an expression for the quark-antiquark condensate.
We study the current quark mass effects on the order parameter at zero
temperature and density. We then calculate the effective potential at finite
temperature and density and investigate the current quark mass effects on the
chiral phase transition. We find a smooth crossover for $T>0$, $\mu=0$ and a
first-order phase transition for $\mu>0$, T=0. Critical exponents are also
studied and our model gives the classical mean-field values. We also study the
temperature dependence of masses of scalar and pseudoscalar bosons. A critical
end point in the $T$-$\mu$ plane is found at $T \sim 100$ MeV, $\mu \sim 300$
MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4797 </DOCNO>
Freezing transitions and the density of states of 2D random Dirac


  Using an exact mapping to disordered Coulomb gases, we introduce a novel
method to study two dimensional Dirac fermions with quenched disorder in two
dimensions which allows to treat non perturbative freezing phenomena. For
purely random gauge disorder it is known that the exact zero energy eigenstate
exhibits a freezing-like transition at a threshold value of disorder
$\sigma=\sigma_{th}=2$. Here we compute the dynamical exponent $z$ which
characterizes the critical behaviour of the density of states around zero
energy, and find that it also exhibits a phase transition. Specifically, we
find that $\rho(E=0 + i \epsilon) \sim \epsilon^{2/z-1}$ (and $\rho(E) \sim
E^{2/z-1}$) with $z=1 + \sigma$ for $\sigma < 2$ and $z=\sqrt{8 \sigma} - 1$
for $\sigma > 2$. For a finite system size $L<\epsilon^{-1/z}$ we find large
sample to sample fluctuations with a typical $\rho_{\epsilon}(0) \sim L^{z-2}$.
Adding a scalar random potential of small variance $\delta$, as in the
corresponding quantum Hall system, yields a finite noncritical $\rho(0) \sim
\delta^{\alpha}$ whose scaling exponent $\alpha$ exhibits two transitions, one
at $\sigma_{th}/4$ and the other at $\sigma_{th}$. These transitions are shown
to be related to the one of a directed polymer on a Cayley tree with random
signs (or complex) Boltzmann weights. Some observations are made for the strong
disorder regime relevant to describe transport in the quantum Hall system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96155 </DOCNO>
Classes de cycles en cohomologie rigide


  We define the rigid homology. The trace morphism in rigid cohomology define
by duality the cycle class in rigid homology. We verify the compatibility of
this classes with rationnal equivalence and intersection theory. We deduce some
formal consequences such as the Riemman-Roch-Grothendieck theorem in rigid
cohomology and the self-intersection formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85892 </DOCNO>
Matters of Gravity, the newsletter of the APS Topical Group on


  News:
   APS Prize on gravitation, by Cliff Will
   TGG elections, by David Garfinkle
   We hear that... by Jorge Pullin
  Research Briefs:
   Experimental Unruh radiation?, by Matt Visser
   Why is the universe accelerating?, by Beverly Berger
   The Lazarus Project, by Richard Price
   LIGO locks its first detector!, by Stan Whitcomb
   Progress on the nonlinear r-mode problem, by Keith Lockitch
  Conference reports:
   Analog models of general relativity, by Matt Visser
   Astrophysical Sources of Gravitational radiation by Joan Centrella
   Numerical relativity at the 20th Texas meeting, by Pablo Laguna

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86248 </DOCNO>
Electrostatic boundary value problems in the Schwarzschild background


  The electrostatic potential of any test charge distribution in Schwarzschild
space with boundary values is derived. We calculate the Green's function,
generalize the second Green's identity for p-forms and find the general
solution. Boundary value problems are solved. With a multipole expansion the
asymptotic property for the field of any charge distribution is derived. It is
shown that one produces a Reissner--Nordstrom black hole if one lowers a test
charge distribution slowly toward the horizon. The symmetry of the distribution
is not important. All the multipole moments fade away except the monopole. A
calculation of the gravitationally induced electrostatic self-force on a
pointlike test charge distribution held stationary outside the black hole is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85738 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics of Neutron Star Mergers


  The final burst of gravitational radiation emitted by coalescing binary
neutron stars carries direct information about the neutron star fluid, and, in
particular, about the equation of state of nuclear matter at extreme densities.
The final merger may also be accompanied by a detectable electromagnetic
signal, such as a gamma-ray burst. In this paper, we summarize the results of
theoretical work done over the past decade that has led to a detailed
understanding of this hydrodynamic merger process for two neutron stars, and we
discuss the prospects for the detection and physical interpretation of the
gravity wave signals by ground-based interferometers such as LIGO. We also
present results from our latest post-Newtonian SPH calculations of binary
neutron star coalescence, using up to 10^6 SPH particles to compute with higher
spatial resolution than ever before the merger of an initially irrotational
system. We discuss the detectability of our calculated gravity wave signals
based on power spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128907 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics of Relativistic Blast Waves in a Density-Jump Medium and


  We analyze in detail the hydrodynamics and afterglow emission of an
ultrarelativistic blast wave when it expands in a density-jump medium. Such a
medium is likely to appear in the vicinity of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)
associated with massive stars. The interaction of the blast wave with this
medium is described through a reverse shock and a forward shock. We show that
the reverse shock is initially relativistic if the factor of a density jump
($\alpha$) is much larger than 21, and Newtonian if $1<\alpha\ll 21$. We also
calculate light curves of the afterglow emission during the interaction if the
reverse shock is relativistic, and find that the optical flux density initially
decays abruptly, then rises rapidly, and finally fades based on a power-law,
which could be followed by an abrupt decay when the reverse shock has just
crossed the originally swept-up matter. Therefore, one property of an afterglow
occurring in a large-density-jump medium is an abrupt drop followed by a bump
in the light curve and thus provides a probe of circumburst environments. In
addition, this property could not only account for the optical afterglows of
GRB 970508 and GRB 000301C but also explain the X-ray afterglow of GRB 981226.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95998 </DOCNO>
Triplets and Symmetries of Arithmetic mod p^k


  The finite ring Z_k = Z(+,.) mod p^k of residue arithmetic with odd prime
power modulus is analysed. The cyclic group of units G_k in Z_k(.) has order
(p-1)p^{k-1}, implying product structure G_k = A_k B_k. Here core A_k of order
p-1 is an extension for k >1 of Fermat's Small Theorem (FST*), where n^p == n
(mod p^k) for each core residue, while extension subgroup B_k has order
p^{k-1}. It is shown that each subgroup S >1 of core A_k has zero sum, and that
p+1 generates subgroup B_k of all n == 1 (mod p) in G_k. The p-th power
residues n^p mod p^k in G_k form an order |G_k|/p subgroup F_k, with
|F_k|/|A_k| = p^{k-2}, so F_k properly contains core A_k for k >2. By quadratic
analysis (mod p^3) rather than linear analysis (mod p^2, re Hensel's lemma
[5]), the additive structure of subgroups G_k and F_k is derived. ... Successor
function S(n)=n+1 combines with the two arithmetic symmetries -n (complement)
and 1/n (inverse) to yield the "triplet structure" of G_k : three inverse pairs
{n_i, 1/(n_i)} with (n_i)+1 = - 1/n_{i+1} (mod p^k), with indices mod 3, and
product n_0.n_1.n_2 = 1 mod p^k. In case n_0 = n_1 = n_2 = n this reduces to
the cubic root solution n+1 = -(1/n) = -(n^2) (mod p^k, p=1 mod 6). The
property "EDS" of exponent p distributing over a sum of core residues: (x+y)^p
== x+y == x^p + y^p (mod p^k), is employed to derive the known FLT inequality
for integers. In other words, to any FLT(mod p^k) equivalence for k digits
correspond p-th power integers of pk digits, and the (p-1)k "carries" make the
difference, representing the sum of mixed-terms in the binomial expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85677 </DOCNO>
Collision of spinning black holes in the close limit


  In this paper we consider the collision of spinning holes using first order
perturbation theory of black holes (Teukolsky formalism). With these results
(along with ones, we published in the past) one can predict the properties of
the gravitational waves radiated from the late stage inspiral of two spinning,
equal mass black holes. Also we note that the energy radiated by the head-on
collision of two spinning holes with spins (that are equal and opposite)
aligned along the common axis is more than the case in which the spins are
perpendicular to the axis of the collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123926 </DOCNO>
Evidence Supporting the Universality of the IMF


  The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is an underlying distribution
function which determines many important observables, from the number of
ionizing photons in a population of some age and metallicity, through the
creation rate of various chemical elements, to the mass to light ratio of a
system. This significance, together with the empirical difficulty to determine
the IMF robustly, and the near complete lack of any robust theoretical
predictor, has allowed investigators freedom to treat the IMF as a continuously
variable parameterisation of astrophysicists' ignorance of complexity. An
ability to vary a parameter in a model is not the same as a true variation in a
physical system. A more instructive approach is to use available data to
constrain possible variations, and thereby to allow identification of those
other aspects of an observed system whose understanding can be improved.
Ideally, the most sensitive physical variable, or its parameterisation, should
be the best constrained. A fundamental null hypothesis, which we defend here,
is that the IMF is a universal invariant function, so that all apparent
variations may be ascribed to other variables, and to irreducible statistical
sampling fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127154 </DOCNO>
On high proper motion white dwarfs from photographic surveys


  The interpretation of high proper motion white dwarfs detected by Oppenheimer
et al (2001) was the start of a lively controversy. While the discoverers
identify a large fraction of their findings as dark halo members, others
interpret the same sample as essentially made of disc and/or thick disc stars.
We use the comprehensive description of Galactic stellar populations provided
by the "Besancon" model to produce a realistic simulation of Oppenheimer et al.
data, including all observational selections and calibration biases. The
conclusion is unambiguous: Thick disc white dwarfs resulting from ordinary
hypotheses on the local density and kinematics are sufficient to explain the
observed objects, there is no need for halo white dwarfs. This conclusion is
robust to reasonable changes in model ingredients. The main cause of the
misinterpretation seems to be that the velocity distribution of a proper motion
selected star sample is severely biased in favour of high velocities. This has
been neglected in previous analyses. Obviously this does not prove that no such
objects like halo white dwarfs can exist, but Oppenheimer et al. observations
drive their possible contribution in the dark matter halo down to an extremely
low fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2738 </DOCNO>
Nonadiabatic Channels in the Superconducting Pairing of Fullerides


  We show the intrinsic inconsistency of the conventional phonon mediated
theory of superconductivity in relation to the observed properties of
Rb$_3$C$_{60}$. The recent, highly accurate measurement of the carbon isotope
coefficient $\alpha_{\rm C}=0.21$, together with the high value of $T_c$ (30 K)
and the very small Fermi energy $E_{\rm F}$ (0.25 eV), unavoidably implies the
opening of nonadiabatic channels in the superconducting pairing. We estimate
these effects and show that they are actually the key elements for the high
value of $T_c$ in these materials compared to the very low values of graphite
intercalation compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4301 </DOCNO>
Translation-covariant Markovian master equation for a test particle in a


  A recently proposed master equation in the Lindblad form is studied with
respect to covariance properties and existence of a stationary solution. The
master equation describes the interaction of a test particle with a quantum
fluid, the so-called Rayleigh gas, and is characterized by the appearance of a
two-point correlation function known as dynamic structure factor, which
reflects symmetry and statistical mechanics properties of the fluid. In the
case of a free gas all relevant physical parameters, such as fugacity, ratio
between the masses, momentum transfer and energy transfer are put into
evidence, giving an exact expansion of the dynamic structure factor. The limit
in which these quantities are small is then considered. In particular in the
Brownian limit a Fokker-Planck equation is obtained in which the corrections
due to quantum statistics can be explicitly evaluated and are given in terms of
the Bose function $g_0 (z)$ and the Fermi function $f_0 (z)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3592 </DOCNO>
Investigation of ferroelectric order-disorder type compounds with


  The Mitsui model for the order-disorder type ferroelectrics is studied within
the mean field approximation. The phase diagram of the model is obtained, its
dependence on the transverse field is obtained. A scheme of setting the values
of the model parameters is proposed; all the dielectric characteristics of
Rochelle salt are calculated with the found parameters. Within the Mitsui model
we study the physical characteristics of RbHSO4 type crystals; the found values
of the model parameters provide a good description of both dielectric and
thermodynamic properties of these compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73566 </DOCNO>
On predictions of the first results from RHIC


  In this talk, I will discuss the predictions of the first results from RHIC:
the charged particle multiplicity $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$, its centrality
dependence and the elliptic flow $v_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83844 </DOCNO>
Monopoly Power on the Web - A Preliminary Investigation of Search


  E-Commerce challenges traditional approaches to assessing monopolistic
practices due to the rapid rate of growth, rapid change in technology,
difficulty in assessing market share for information products like web sites,
and high degree of interconnectivity and alliance formation among corporations.
This paper has provided a fundamental framework that integrates a network and
economic perspective to the search engine market.
  The findings indicate that (1) despite an increasing number of search
engines, barriers to entry seem high, largely due to the exponential growth in
the number of web sites and the non-scalability of the current search
technology and collective switching costs; (2) older search engine sites tend
typically to have more features to lock in users. Using standard economic
indicators (CR4=58% and HHI=1163), the industry looks close to being plagued by
anticompetitive practices. But based on a network adjusted HHI constructed in
this paper, its value, 870, suggests that there is less cause for concern.
  Based on all indicators, it suggests that Yahoo would be a contender. Other
possible contenders are MSN and Netscape. On the basis of results to date, some
search engines keep increasing their audience reach while others don't. The
trend shows that some search engines may dominate the search engine market. We
suggest conducting research in the coverage performance of search engines and
investigate "information search cost" as a performance indicator of search
techniques. In addition, we suggest paying attention to any anticompetitive
conduct (e.g. product bundling) that may lesson competition and reduce consumer
welfare. The combination of network theory and economic theory to study the
search engine market is a particularly powerful approach for E-Commerce.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41735 </DOCNO>
Crystal-based approach to beam collimation in RHIC and SNS


  Bent crystal serving as a scraper of the beam collimation system can channel
halo particles directly into the absorber. By means of computer simulations, we
analyse the capabilities of crystal technique for the beam cleaning process.
Two applications are considered: the crystal collimator now being installed
into RHIC for cleaning of the fully stripped gold ions, and a similar system
being developed for the Accumulator Ring of the Spallation Neutron Source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74823 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Photon Helicity in Radiative B Decays


  We propose a way of measuring the photon polarization in radiative B decays
into K resonance states decaying to K\pi\pi, which can test the Standard Model
and probe new physics. The photon polarization is shown to be measured by the
up-down asymmetry of the photon direction relative to the K\pi\pi decay plane
in the K resonance rest frame. The integrated asymmetry in K_1(1400)\to
K\pi\pi, calculated to be 0.34\pm 0.05 in the Standard Model, is measurable at
currently operating B factories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98493 </DOCNO>
The bicanonical map of surfaces with $p_g=0$ and $K^2\ge 7$, II


  We study the minimal complex surfaces of general type with $p_g=0$ and
$K^2=7$ or 8 whose bicanonical map is not birational. In the paper 'The
bicanonical map of surfaces with $p_g=0$ and $K^2\ge 7$' we have shown that if
$S$ is such a surface, then the bicanonical map has degree 2. Here we describe
precisely such surfaces showing that there is a fibration $f\colon S\to \pp^1$
such that: i) the general fibre $F$ of $f$ is a genus 3 hyperelliptic curve;
ii) the involution induced by the bicanonical map of $S$ restricts to the
hyperelliptic involution of $F$. Furthermore, if $K^2_S=8$, then $f$ is an
isotrivial fibration with 6 double fibres, and if $K^2_S=7$, then $f$ has 5
double fibres and it has precisely one fibre with reducible support, consisting
of two components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98752 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Group of an Algebraic Stack


  We define the notion of fundamental group of an algebraic stack, prove a
comparison theorem between the fundamental group of a stack over the complex
numbers and that of the associated analytic orbifold, show that this notion
coincides with that defined with simplicial schemes by Oda and finally prove
some short exact sequences involving these groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75086 </DOCNO>
The contribution of off-shell gluons to the structure functions F_2^c


  We calculate the perturbative parts of the structure functions $F_2^c$ and
$F_L^c$ for a gluon target having nonzero transverse momentum squared at order
$\alpha_s$. The results of the double convolution (with respect to the Bjorken
variable $x_B$ and the transverse momentum) of the perturbative part and the
unintegrated gluon densities are compared with HERA experimental data for
$F_2^c$. The contribution from $F_L^c$ structure function ranges (10-30)% of
that of $F_2^c$ at the kinematical range of HERA experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75170 </DOCNO>
Effects of SO(10) D-Term on Yukawa Unification and Unstable Minima of


  We study the effects of SO(10) D-terms on the allowed parameter space (APS)
in models with $t - b - \tau$ and $b - \tau$ Yukawa unifiction. The former is
allowed only for moderate values of the D-term, if very precise ($\le 5%$)
unification is required. Next we constrain the parameter space by looking for
different dangerous directions where the scalar potential may be unbounded from
below (UFB1 and UFB3) constraints. The common trilinear coupling $A_0$ plays a
significant role in constraing the APS. For very precise $t - b - \tau$ Yukawa
unification, $-m_{16}< or \approx A_0 < or \approx m_{16}$ can be probed at the
LHC. Moreover, an interesting mass hierarchy with very heavy sfermions but
light gauginos, which is strongly disfavoured in models without D-terms,
becomes fairly common in the presence of the D-terms. The APS exhibits
interesting characteristics if the common sfermion soft mass $m_{16}$ is not
the same with the soft mass $m_{10}$ for Higgs sector. In $b - \tau$
unification models with D-terms, the APS allowed by Yukawa unification and
REWSB increases and UFB1 constraint become weaker. However for $A_0 \leq 0$, a
stronger UFB3 condition still puts, for a given $m_{16}$, a stringent upper
bound on the common gaugino mass and a lower bound on the common soft breaking
scalar mass for for a given $m_{1/2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86146 </DOCNO>
Non-Newtonian Gravity, Fluctuative Hypothesis and the Sizes of


  We show that the characteristic sizes of astrophysical and cosmological
structures, where gravity is the only overall relevant interaction assembling
the system, have a phenomenological relation to the microscopic scales whose
order of magnitude is essentially ruled by the Compton wavelength of the
proton. This result agrees with the absence of screening mechanisms for the
gravitational interaction and could be connected to the presence of Yukawa
correcting terms in the Newtonian potential which introduce typical interaction
lengths. Furthermore, we are able to justify, in a straightforward way, the
Sanders--postulated mass of a vector boson considered in order to obtain the
characteristic sizes of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168489 </DOCNO>
Moebius Structure of the Spectral Space of Schroedinger Operators with


  The Schroedinger operator with point interaction in one dimension has a U(2)
family of self-adjoint extensions. We study the spectrum of the operator and
show that (i) the spectrum is uniquely determined by the eigenvalues of the
matrix U belonging to U(2) that characterizes the extension, and that (ii) the
space of distinct spectra is given by the orbifold T^2/Z_2 which is a Moebius
strip with boundary. We employ a parametrization of U(2) that admits a direct
physical interpretation and furnishes a coherent framework to realize the
spectral duality and anholonomy recently found. This allows us to find that
(iii) physically distinct point interactions form a three-parameter quotient
space of the U(2) family.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97374 </DOCNO>
Property (RD) for cocompact lattices in a finite product of rank one Lie


  We apply V. Lafforgue's techniques to establish the rapid decay property for
cocompact lattices in a finite product of rank one Lie groups with Lie groups
whose restricted root system is of type A2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41681 </DOCNO>
Soft Gluon Approach for Diffractive Photoproduction of J/psi


  We study diffractive photoproduction of $J/\psi$ by taking the charm quark as
a heavy quark. A description of nonperturbative effect related to $J/\psi$ can
be made by using NRQCD. In the forward region of the kinematics, the
interaction between the $c\bar c$-pair and the initial hadron is due to
exchange of soft gluons. The effect of the exchange can be studied by using the
expansion in the inverse of the quark mass $m_c$. At the leading order we find
that the nonperturbative effect related to the initial hadron is represented by
a matrix element of field strength operators, which are separated in the moving
direction of $J/\psi$ in the space-time. The S-matrix element is then obtained
without using perturbative QCD and the results are not based on any model.
Corrections to the results can be systematically added. Keeping the dominant
contribution of the S-matrix element in the large energy limit we find that the
imaginary part of the S-matrix element is related to the gluon distribution for
$x\to 0$ with a reasonable assumption, the real part can be obtained with
another approximation or with dispersion relation. Our approach is different
than previous approaches and also our results are different than those in these
approaches. The differences are discussed in detail. A comparison with
experiment is also made and a qualitative agreement is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97064 </DOCNO>
Poincare' normal and renormalized forms


  We briefly review the main aspects of (Poincar\'e-Dulac) normal forms; we
have a look at the non-uniqueness problem, and discuss one of the proposed ways
to ``further reduce'' the normal forms. We also mention some convergence
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127425 </DOCNO>
The ionization fraction in alpha-models of protoplanetary disks


  We calculate the ionization fraction of protostellar alpha disks, taking into
account vertical temperature structure, and the possible presence of trace
metal atoms. Both thermal and X-ray ionization are considered. Previous
investigations of layered disks used radial power-law models with isothermal
vertical structure. But alpha models are used to model accretion, and the
present work is a step towards a self-consistent treatment. The extent of the
magnetically uncoupled (``dead'') zone depends sensitively on alpha, on the
assumed accretion rate, and on the critical magnetic Reynolds number, below
which MHD turbulence cannot be self-sustained. Its extent is extremely
model-dependent. It is also shown that a tiny fraction of the cosmic abundance
of metal atoms can dramatically affect the ionization balance. Gravitational
instabilities are an unpromising source of transport, except in the early
stages of disk formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41519 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic decays of charmed mesons in the effective action of QCD


  Within the framework of phenomenological Lagrangians we construct the
effective action of QCD relevant for the study of semileptonic decays of
charmed mesons. Hence we evaluate the form factors of D -> P(0^-) l^+ nu_l and,
by demanding their QCD-ruled asymptotic behaviour, we constrain the couplings
of the Lagrangian. The features of the model-independent parameterization of
form factors provided and their relevance for the analysis of experimental data
are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148472 </DOCNO>
On Duality Rotations in Light-Like Noncommutative Electromagnetism


  We study electric-magnetic duality rotations for noncommutative
electromagnetism (NCEM). We express NCEM as a nonlinear commutative U(1) gauge
theory and show that it is self-dual when the noncommutativity parameter \theta
is light-like (e.g. \theta^{0i}=\theta^{1i}). This implies, in the slowly
varying field approximation, self-duality of NCEM to all orders in \theta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73477 </DOCNO>
Electroweak D-Waves


  We consider phenomenological implications of a model recently proposed for
the electroweak interactions based on a SU(2)_L confining theory. We
concentrate on the production of excited states of the electroweak bosons at
future colliders and we consider their contribution to the reaction W^+ + W^-
\to W^+ + W^-. We expect large deviations from the standard model in the TeV
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41029 </DOCNO>
Studies of b-quark fragmentation


  I will review new studies of b-quark fragmentation performed at the Z peak by
ALEPH and SLD. An improved sensitivity to distinguish between fragmentation
model and more accurate measurements of the mean b-hadron scaled energy have
been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1598 </DOCNO>
Second virial coefficient for a d-dimensional Lennard-Jones (2n-n)


  This note examines the second virial coefficient for an imperfect gas subject
to a 2n-n interparticle potential in any dimension d between 0 and n. A compact
analytic expression is presented for this quantity which shows that, apart from
a numerical factor, its temperature dependence is a universal function
parameterized by d/n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95915 </DOCNO>
Intersection complexes of fans and toric varieties


  In the article math.AG/0102085, Lemma 5.5 was false. Hence the decomposition
theorem (Theorem 5.8) and all statements in Section 7 are not proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148752 </DOCNO>
How to go with an RG Flow


  We apply the formalism of holographic renormalization to domain wall
solutions of 5-dimensional supergravity which are dual to deformed conformal
field theories in 4 dimensions. We carefully compute one- and two-point
functions of the energy-momentum tensor and the scalar operator mixing with it
in two specific holographic flows, resolving previous difficulties with these
correlation functions. As expected, two-point functions have a 0-mass dilaton
pole for the Coulomb branch flow in which conformal symmetry is broken
spontaneously but not for the flow dual to a mass deformation in which it is
broken explicitly. A previous puzzle of the energy scale in the Coulomb branch
flow is explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6351 </DOCNO>
Classical percolation transition in the diluted two-dimensional S=1/2


  The two-dimensional antiferromagnetic S=1/2 Heisenberg model with random site
dilution is studied using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Ground state
properties of the largest connected cluster on L*L lattices, with L up to 64,
are calculated at the classical percolation threshold. In addition, clusters
with a fixed number Nc of spins on an infinite lattice at the percolation
density are studied for Nc up to 1024. The disorder averaged sublattice
magnetization per spin extrapolates to the same non-zero infinite-size value
for both types of clusters. Hence, the percolating clusters, which are fractal
with dimensionality d=91/48, have antiferromagnetic long-range order. This
implies that the order-disorder transition driven by site dilution occurs
exactly at the percolation threshold and that the exponents are classical. The
same conclusion is reached for the bond-diluted system. The full sublattice
magnetization versus site dilution curve is obtained in terms of a
decomposition into a classical geometrical factor and a factor containing all
the effects of quantum fluctuations. The spin stiffness is shown to obey the
same scaling as the conductivity of a random resistor network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7072 </DOCNO>
Paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic resonances in the diamagnetically


  The impurity-induced antiferromagnetic ordering of the doped Haldane magnet
Pb(Ni{1-x}Mg{x})2V2O8 (0 < x <0.06) was studied by electron spin resonance
(ESR) on ceramic samples in the frequency range 9-110 GHz. Below the N\'{e}el
temperature a transformation of the ESR spectrum was found, indicating an
antiferromagnetic resonance mode of spin precession. The excitation gap of the
spin-wave spectrum increases with increasing Mg-concentration $x$ in the same
manner as the N\'{e}el temperature, reaching its maximum value of 80 GHz at x >
0.04. At small concentrations x < 0.02 the signals of antiferromagnetic
resonance were found to coexist with the signal of the paramagnetic resonance
indicating a microscopic separation of the magnetic phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4660 </DOCNO>
Quenched bond dilution in two-dimensional Potts models


  We report a numerical study of the bond-diluted 2-dimensional Potts model
using transfer matrix calculations. For different numbers of states per spin,
we show that the critical exponents at the random fixed point are the same as
in self-dual random-bond cases. In addition, we determine the multifractal
spectrum associated with the scaling dimensions of the moments of the spin-spin
correlation function in the cylinder geometry. We show that the behaviour is
fully compatible with the one observed in the random bond case, confirming the
general picture according to which a unique fixed point describes the critical
properties of different classes of disorder: dilution, self-dual binary
random-bond, self-dual continuous random bond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123698 </DOCNO>
A study of the old galactic star cluster Berkeley 32


  We present new CCD photometry of the distant old open star cluster Berkeley
32 in Johnson V and Cousins I passbands. A total of about 3200 stars have been
observed in a field of 13X13 arcmin**2. The colour-magnitude diagram in V,
(V-I) has been generated down to V = 22 mag. A broad but well defined main
sequence is clearly visible. Some blue stragglers, a well developed subgiant
branch and a Red Clump are also seen. By fitting isochrones to this CMD as well
as to other CMDs available in the literature, and using the Red Clump location,
the reddening, distance and age of the star cluster have been determined. The
cluster has a distance of 3.3 kpc, its radius is about 2.4 pc; the reddening
E(B-V) is 0.08 mag and the age is 6.3 Gyr. By comparison with theoretical
isochrones, a metallicity of [Fe/H]= -0.2 dex has been estimated. We find a
much flatter mass function than what has been found for young clusters. If the
mass function is a power law dN/dm = const.*m**alpha, then we get alpha =
-0.5+-0.3 in the mass range 0.6-1.1 solar masses. This may be seen as a
signature of the highly evolved dynamical state of the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179157 </DOCNO>
Quark mean field model with density dependent couplings for finite


  The quark mean field model, which describes the nucleon using the constituent
quark model, is applied to investigate the properties of finite nuclei. The
couplings of the scalar and vector mesons with quarks are made density
dependent through direct coupling to the scalar field so as to reproduce the
relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock results of nuclear matter. The present
model provides satisfactory results on the properties of spherical nuclei, and
predicts an increasing size of the nucleon as well as a reduction of the
nucleon mass in the nuclear environment

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6319 </DOCNO>
Two Dimensional Equilibrium Surface Roughness for Dissociative Dimer


  Equilibrium crystal surfaces, constrained to equilibrate by means of
dissociative dimer deposition and evaporation, have anomalous global surface
roughness. We generalize earlier results for one dimensional interfaces to two
dimensions. The global surface width scales with surface size L as W^2 \sim log
[L/ (log L)^{1/4}] instead of the conventional form W^2 \sim log L. The surface
roughening transition does not change in nature, but its location is subject to
a large and slowly varying logarithmic finite-size-scaling shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97521 </DOCNO>
On the evaluation formula for Jack polynomials with prescribed symmetry


  The Jack polynomials with prescribed symmetry are obtained from the
nonsymmetric polynomials via the operations of symmetrization,
antisymmetrization and normalization. After dividing out the corresponding
antisymmetric polynomial of smallest degree, a symmetric polynomial results. Of
interest in applications is the value of the latter polynomial when all the
variables are set equal. Dunkl has obtained this evaluation, making use of a
certain skew symmetric operator. We introduce a simpler operator for this
purpose, thereby obtaining a new derivation of the evaluation formula. An
expansion formula of a certain product in terms of Jack polynomials with
prescribed symmetry implied by the evaluation formula is used to derive a
generalization of a constant term identity due to Macdonald, Kadell and Kaneko.
Although we don't give the details in this work, the operator introduced here
can be defined for any reduced crystallographic root system, and used to
provide an evaluation formula for the corresponding Heckman-Opdam polynomials
with prescribed symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129728 </DOCNO>
An Origin of Supersonic Motions in Interstellar Clouds


  The propagation of a shock wave into an interstellar medium is investigated
by two-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic calculation with cooling, heating and
thermal conduction. We present results of the high-resolution two-dimensional
calculations to follow the fragmentation due to the thermal instability in a
shock-compressed layer. We find that geometrically thin cooling layer behind
the shock front fragments into small cloudlets. The cloudlets have supersonic
velocity dispersion in the warm neutral medium in which the fragments are
embedded as cold condensations. The fragments tend to coalesce and become
larger clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127461 </DOCNO>
The large-scale ionised outflow of CH Cygni


  HST and ground-based [OII} and [NII] images obtained from 1996 to 1999 reveal
the existence of a ionised optical nebula around the symbiotic binary CH Cyg
extending out to 5000 A.U. from the central stars. The observed velocity range
of the nebula, derived from long-slit echelle spectra, is of 130 km/s. In spite
of its complex appearence, the velocity data show that the basic morphology of
the inner regions of the optical nebula is that of a bipolar (or conical)
outflow extending nearly along the plane of the sky out to some 2000 A.U. from
the centre. Even if the extension of this bipolar outflow and its position
angle are consistent with those of the radio jet produced in 1984 (extrapolated
to the time of our optical imagery), no obvious counterpart is visible of the
original, dense radio bullets ejected by the system. We speculate that the
optical bipolar outflow might be the remannt of the interaction of the bullets
with a relatively dense circumstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124853 </DOCNO>
Small-Scale Interstellar Na I Structure Toward M92


  We have used integral field echelle spectroscopy with the DensePak
fiber-optic array on the KPNO WIYN telescope to observe the central 27" x 43"
of the globular cluster M92 in the Na I D wavelength region at a spatial
resolution of 4". Two interstellar Na I absorption components are evident in
the spectra at LSR velocities of 0 km/s (Cloud 1) and -19 km/s (Cloud 2).
Substantial strength variations in both components are apparent down to scales
limited by the fiber-to-fiber separations. The derived Na I column densities
differ by a factor of 4 across the Cloud 1 absorption map and by a factor of 7
across the Cloud 2 map. Using distance upper limits of 400 and 800 pc for Cloud
1 and Cloud 2, respectively, the absorption maps indicate structure in the ISM
down to scales of 1600 and 3200 AU. The fiber-to-fiber Na I column density
differences toward M92 are comparable to those found in a similar study of the
ISM toward the globular cluster M15. Overall, the structures in the
interstellar components toward M92 have significantly lower column densities
than those toward M15. We interpret these low column density structures as
small-scale turbulent variations in the gas and compare them to the
larger-scale, higher column density variations toward M15, which may be the
hallmarks of actual H I structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97568 </DOCNO>
Stability of viscous shock profiles for dissipative symmetric


  Combining pointwise Green's function bounds obtained in a companion paper
[MZ.2] with earlier, spectral stability results obtained in [HuZ], we establish
nonlinear orbital stability of small amplitude viscous shock profiles for the
class of dissipative symmetric hyperbolic-parabolic systems identified by
Kawashima [Kaw], notably including compressible Navier--Stokes equations and
the equations of magnetohydrodynamics, obtaining sharp rates of decay in $L^p$
with respect to small $L^1\cap H^3$ perturbations, $2\le p\le \infty$. Our
analysis follows the approach introduced in [MZ.1] to treat stability of
relaxation profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 720 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional topological solitons in soft ferromagnetic cylinders


  A simple approach allowing to construct closed-form analytical zero-field
magnetization distributions in cylindrical particles of a small thickness and
an arbitrary shape (not necessarily circular) is presented. The approach is
based on reduction of the non-linear Euler equations for magnetization vector
field to the classical linear Riemann-Hilbert problem. The result contains all
the distributions minimizing the exchange energy functional and the surface
magnetostatic contribution exactly, except for the neighbourhood of topological
singularities on the cylinder faces where the result is approximate. The
completeness of the analysis permitted to find a new type of a topological
soliton in the case of circular cylinder. Also, an example of magnetic vortex
in a triangular cylinder is given to investigate the role of the particle
corners.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2742 </DOCNO>
On the violation of the Fermi-liquid picture in two-dimensional systems


  We consider the two-dimensional t-t' Hubbard model with the Fermi level being
close to the Van-Hove singularities. The phase diagram of the model is
discussed. Far from the quantum phase transition (QPT) into ferro- (antiferro-)
magnetic state, the self-energy at the singularity points has a nearly-linear
energy dependence, the density of states being proportional to ln ^3(epsilon).
In the quantum-disordered and quantum-critical regime near QPT a scaling
approach is used. At small energies the self-energy demonstrates a power-like
behavior with the exponent changing from unity to zero in a narrow energy
interval. Provided that the system is close to ferromagnetic instability which
occurs at t'/t-> -1/2, the quasiparticle spectral weight has, instead of a
narrow peak, a broad maximum and is non-monotonous at small energies. The
application of the results to cuprates is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75947 </DOCNO>
Extraction of a Weak Phase from $B \to D^{(*)} \pi$


  To observe CP-violating asymmetries through the interference of a weaker
amplitude with a stronger one in $\bo \to D^{(*)} \pi$ and $\ob \to D^{(*)}
\pi$ decays, one must collect enough events that the intensity associated with
the weaker amplitude would be statistically significant. We show that provided
the weaker amplitude is measured separately in $B^\pm \to D^{(*)\pm} \pi^0$
decays, the time-integrated approach requires around $2.5 \cdot 10^8 \ B \bar
B$ pairs for measurements of the weak phase $\sin(2\beta + \gamma)$ with an
uncertainty of $0.05$ or better. We also determine the optimal conditions for
precise $2\beta + \gamma$ measurements and discuss the possibilities for
resolving a discrete ambiguity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5709 </DOCNO>
Absorption spectrum of a weakly n-doped semiconductor quantum well


  We calculate, as a function of temperature and conduction band electron
density, the optical absorption of a weakly n-doped, idealized semiconductor
quantum well. In particular, we focus on the absorption band due to the
formation of a charged exciton. We conceptualize the charged exciton as an
itinerant excitation intimately linked to the dynamical response of itinerant
conduction band electrons to the appearance of the photo-generated valence band
hole. Numerical results for the absorption in the vicinity of the exciton line
are presented and the spectral weights associated with, respectively, the
charged exciton band and the exciton line are analyzed in detail. We find, in
qualitative agreement with experimental data, that the spectral weight of the
charged exciton grows with increasing conduction band electron density and/or
decreasing temperature at the expense of the exciton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124685 </DOCNO>
Heating of gas inside radio sources to mildly relativistic temperatures


  Measured values of the brightness temperature of low-frequency synchrotron
radiation emitted by powerful extragalactic sources reach 10^11--10^12 K. If
some amount of nonrelativistic ionized gas is present within such sources, it
should be heated as a result of induced Compton scattering of the radiation. If
this heating is counteracted by cooling due to inverse Compton scattering of
the same radio radiation, then the plasma can be heated up to mildly
relativistic temperatures kT~10--100 keV. The stationary electron velocity
distribution can be either relativistic Maxwellian or quasi-Maxwellian (with
the high-velocity tail suppressed), depending on the efficiency of Coulomb
collisions and other relaxation processes. We derive several easy-to-use
approximate expressions for the induced Compton heating rate of mildly
relativistic electrons in an isotropic radiation field, as well as for the
stationary distribution function and temperature of electrons. We also give
analytic expressions for the kernel of the integral kinetic equation (one as a
function of the scattering angle and another for the case of an isotropic
radiation field), which describes the redistribution of photons in frequency
caused by induced Compton scattering in thermal plasma. These expressions can
be used in the parameter range hnu<< kT<~ 0.1mc^2 (the formulae earlier
published in Sazonov, Sunyaev, 2000 are less accurate).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127467 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic Star Clusters: Speculations on the Future


  We discuss the future possibilities for extragalactic star cluster research
with the expected new ground-based and space-based telescopes and
instrumentation. Significant gains are expected due to improved angular
resolution, sensitivity, and area coverage particularly in the infrared and
radio, accompanied by progress in evolutionary and dynamical modelling.
Improvements in angular resolution are anticipated, especially through new
adaptive optics systems (e.g., Keck, Gemini, VLT), and interferometry (e.g.,
Keck, VLT, LBT, ALMA, SMA, SkA), and space instrumentation (e.g., Chandra,
NGST), enabling studies even of deeply embedded, forming extragalactic star
clusters. Tidal disruption of Galactic clusters becomes observable through
wide-area surveys such as the SDSS, VISTA, PRIME, including proper motion
measurements through high-resolution imaging (e.g., HST, LBT, SIM, GAIA).
Sensitive new optical and infrared spectrographs (e.g., HET, SALT, GranTeCan,
Magellan, Keck, VLT, CELT, OWL, NGST) will push kinematic and abundance studies
to new limits, allowing us detailed comparisons with model predictions. One
important wavelength range for the study of young, massive star clusters, the
far UV, appears to be neglected by future planned instrumentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5084 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio transport theory for digital ferromagnetic heterostructures


  MnAs/GaAs superlattices, made by $\delta$-doping GaAs with Mn, are known as
digital ferromagnetic heterostructures. Here we present a theoretical density
functional study of the electronic, magnetic and transport properties of such
heterostructures. In the absence of intrinsic donors these systems show an half
metallic density of states, with an exchange interaction much stronger than
that of a random alloy with the same Mn concentration. {\it Ab initio}
ballistic transport calculations show that the carriers with energies close to
the Fermi energy are strongly confined within a few monolayers around the MnAs
plane. This strong confinement is responsible for the large exchange coupling.
Therefore the system can be described as a two dimensional half metal with
large conductance in the MnAs plane and small conductance in the perpendicular
direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128291 </DOCNO>
IR Com: Deeply Eclipsing Dwarf Nova Below the Period Gap -- A Twin of HT


  We observed an X-ray selected, deeply eclipsing cataclysmic variable IR Com
(=S 10932). We detected an outburst occurring on 1996 January 1. The light
curve of the outburst closely resembled that of a normal outburst of an SU
UMa-type dwarf nova, rather than that of an intermediate polar. Time-resolved
photometry during outburst showed that eclipses became systematically deeper
and narrower as the outburst faded. Full-orbit light curves in quiescence
showed little evidence of orbital humps or asymmetry of eclipses. In addition
to the presence of high--low transitions in quiescence, the overall behavior of
outbursts and characteristics of the eclipse profiles suggest that IR Com can
be best understood as a twin of HT Cas, a famous eclipsing SU UMa-type dwarf
nova with a number of peculiarities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168266 </DOCNO>
Solvable analogue of the imaginary cubic oscillator


  We prove that the purely imaginary square well generates an infinite number
of bound states with real energies. In the strong-coupling limit, our exact PT
symmetric solutions coincide, utterly unexpectedly, with their textbook, well
known Hermitian predecessors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98113 </DOCNO>
Double Affine Hecke Algebras and Difference Fourier Transforms


  In the paper, we introduce and calculate difference Fourier transforms on
representations of the double affine Hecke algebras in polynomilas, polynomials
multiplied by the Gaussian, and various spaces of delta-functions including
finite-dimensional ones, give a general description of the semisimple
representations, and then gradually restrict ourselves with spherical,
pseudo-unitary, and Fourier-invariant representations. The latter generalize
the Verlinde algebras and lead to new Gauss-Selberg sums and Macdonald's
eta-type identities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3317 </DOCNO>
The absence of finite-temperature phase transitions in low-dimensional


  After a brief discussion of the Bogoliubov inequality and possible
generalizations thereof, we present a complete review of results concerning the
Mermin-Wagner theorem for various many-body systems, geometries and order
parameters. We extend the method to cover magnetic phase transitions in the
periodic Anderson Model as well as certain superconducting pairing mechanisms
for Hubbard films. The relevance of the Mermin-Wagner theorem to approximations
in many-body physics is discussed on a conceptual level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97629 </DOCNO>
The Goda-Teragaito conjecture: an overview


  In math.GT/0106017 it was shown that thin position on Heegaard spines can be
a useful tool for analyzing the topology of knots in 3-space. The proof there
(specifically, of the Goda-Teragaito conjecture) requires masses of technical
detail; it is easy to lose track of the underlying ideas. The present paper
gives an overview of the argument, stripped of technical detail and emphasizing
the mathematical background that seems naturally to motivate the proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128531 </DOCNO>
From Darkness To Light: The First Stars in the Universe


  Paramount among the processes that ended the cosmic `dark ages' must have
been the formation of the first generation of stars (the so-called Population
III). We summarize recent progress in constraining its nature, and we discuss
the basic physical reasons for why the first stars might have been quite
massive, possibly even very massive with M > 100 M_sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124811 </DOCNO>
Towards Population III: The Collapse and Fragmentation of Primordial Gas


  We briefly review the motivations for studying the formation of the first
``Population III'' stars and present recent results from our numerical
simulations in this area. We discuss the new questions raised as a result of
the simulations presented by us and others at this meeting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41457 </DOCNO>
f_B and f_B_s from QCD sum rules


  The decay constants of the pseudoscalar mesons B and B_s are evaluated from
QCD sum rules for the pseudoscalar two-point function. Recently calculated
perturbative three-loop QCD corrections are incorporated into the sum rule. An
analysis in terms of the bottom quark pole mass turns out to be unreliable due
to large higher order radiative corrections. On the contrary, in the MS_bar
scheme the higher order corrections are under good theoretical control and a
reliable determination of f_B and f_{B_s} becomes feasible.
  Including variations of all input parameters within reasonable ranges, our
final results for the pseudoscalar meson decay constants are f_B = 210 +- 19
MeV and f_B_s = 244 +- 21 MeV. Employing additional information on the product
sqrt(B_B) f_B from global fits to the unitarity triangle, we are in a position
to also extract the B-meson B-parameter B_B = 1.26 +- 0.45. Our results are
well compatible with analogous determinations of the above quantities in
lattice QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148080 </DOCNO>
All Couplings of Minimal Six-dimensional Supergravity


  We describe the complete coupling of $(1,0)$ six-dimensional supergravity to
tensor, vector and hypermultiplets. The generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism
implies that the resulting theory embodies factorized gauge and supersymmetry
anomalies, to be disposed of by fermion loops. Consequently, the low-energy
theory is determined by the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions, rather than by
the requirement of supersymmetry. As already shown for the case without
hypermultiplets, this procedure does not fix a quartic coupling for the
gauginos. With respect to these previous results, the inclusion of charged
hypermultiplets gives additional terms in the supersymmetry anomaly. We also
consider the case in which abelian vectors are present. As in the absence of
hypermultiplets, abelian vectors allow additional couplings. Finally, we apply
the Pasti-Sorokin-Tonin prescription to this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125459 </DOCNO>
An upper mass limit for the progenitor of the TypeII-P supernova


  Masses and progenitor evolutionary states of TypeII supernovae remain almost
unconstrained by direct observations. Only one robust observation of a
progenitor (SN1987A) and one plausible observation (SN1993J) are available.
Neither matched theoretical predictions and in this Letter we report limits on
a third progenitor (SN1999gi). The Hubble Space Telescope has imaged the site
of the TypeII-P supernova SN1999gi with the WFPC2 in two filters (F606W and
F300W) prior to explosion. The distance to the host galaxy (NGC3184) of 7.9Mpc
means that the most luminous, massive stars are resolved as single objects in
the archive images. The supernova occurred in a resolved, young OB association
2.3kpc from the centre of NGC3184 with an association age of about 4Myrs.
Follow-up images of SN1999gi with WFPC2 taken 14 months after discovery
determine the precise position of the SN on the pre-explosion frames. An upper
limit of the absolute magnitude of the progenitor is estimated (M_v >= -5.1).
By comparison with stellar evolutionary tracks this can be interpreted as a
stellar mass, and we determine an upper mass limit of 9(+3/-2)M_solar. We
discuss the possibility of determining the masses or mass limits for numerous
nearby core-collapse supernovae using the HST archive enhanced by our current
SNAP programme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149840 </DOCNO>
Black hole entropy: classical and quantum aspects


  An elementary introduction is given to the problem of black hole entropy as
formulated by Bekenstein and Hawking, based on the so-called Laws of Black Hole
Mechanics. Wheeler's `It from Bit' picture is presented as an explanation of
plausibility of the Bekenstein-Hawking Area Law. A variant of this picture that
takes better account of the symmetries of general relativity is shown to yield
corrections to the Area Law that are logarithmic in the horizon area, with a
finite, fixed coefficient. The Holographic hypothesis, tacitly assumed in the
above considerations, is briefly described and the beginnings of a general
proof of the hypothesis is sketched, within an approach to quantum gravitation
which is non-perturbative in nature, namely Non-perturbative Quantum General
Relativity (also known as Quantum Geometry). The holographic entropy bound is
shown to be somewhat tightened due to the corrections obtained earlier. A brief
summary of Quantum Geometry approach is included, with a sketch of a
demonstration that precisely the log area corrections obtained from the variant
of the It from Bit picture adopted earlier emerges for the entropy of generic
black holes within this formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 987 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in Ru(1-x)Sr2GdCu(2+x)O(8-y) Compounds


  We report on the properties of new ruthenocuprates Ru(1-x)Sr2GdCu(2+x)O(8-y)
(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.75) that extend the superconductivity found
previously in RuSr2GdCu2O8 (Tc=45 K) to the solid solution with varied Ru/Cu
ratios. The compounds have been synthesized in high-pressure oxygen atmosphere.
The maximum temperature of the superconducting transition is 72 K for the x=0.3
and 0.4 compositions. The reported behavior of magnetization at low
temperatures can be qualitatively explained assuming a quasi-two-dimensional
character of the superconducting regions in compounds studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179319 </DOCNO>
Dissipative Relativistic Fluid Dynamics for Nuclear Collisions


  In the context of the M\"uller-Israel-Stewart second-order theory for
dissipative fluids due to Grad, we analyze the effects of thermal conduction
and viscosity in heavy ion collisions. We contrast the results to those of the
first-order theory due to Eckart and to Landau and Lifshitz and to those of
perfect (ideal) fluid due to Euler. We study the energy density and entropy
density evolution of a pion gas produced in the heavy ion collisions. The
truncated version of the second-order theory is used to find the dissipative
quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129464 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions for the spatial de Vaucouleurs and Sersic laws and


  Using the Mathematica package, we find exact analytical expressions for the
so-called de-projected De Vaucouleurs and Sersic laws as well as for related
spatial (3D) quantities, such the mass, gravitational potential, the total
energy and the central velocity dispersion, generally involved in astronomical
calculations expressed in terms of the Meijer G functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85983 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory null singularity inside realistic spinning black holes


  We calculate the asymptotic behavior of the curvature scalar $(Riemann)^2$
near the null weak singularity at the inner horizon of a generic spinning black
hole, and show that this scalar oscillates infinite number of times while
diverging. The dominant parallelly-propagated Riemann components oscillate in a
similar manner. This oscillatory behavior, which is in a remarkable contrast to
the monotonic mass-inflation singularity in spherical charged black holes, is
caused by the dragging of inertial frames due to the black- hole's spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86129 </DOCNO>
Observables in quantum gravity


  We study a family of physical observable quantities in quantum gravity. We
denote them W functions, or n-net functions. They represent transition
amplitudes between quantum states of the geometry, are analogous to the n-point
functions in quantum field theory, but depend on spin networks with n connected
components. In particular, they include the three-geometry to three-geometry
transition amplitude. The W functions are scalar under four-dimensional
diffeomorphism, and fully gauge invariant. They capture the physical content of
the quantum gravitational theory. We show that W functions are the natural
n-point functions of the field theoretical formulation of the gravitational
spin foam models. They can be computed from a perturbation expansion, which can
be interpreted as a sum-over-four-geometries. Therefore the W functions bridge
between the canonical (loop) and the covariant (spinfoam) formulations of
quantum gravity. Following Wightman, the physical Hilbert space of the theory
can be reconstructed from the W functions, if a suitable positivity condition
is satisfied. We compute explicitly the W functions in a ``free'' model in
which the interaction giving the gravitational vertex is shut off, and we show
that, in this simple case, we have positivity, the physical Hilbert space of
the theory can be constructed explicitly and the theory admits a well defined
interpretation in terms of diffeomorphism invariant transition amplitudes
between quantized geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123787 </DOCNO>
Orbital motion in T Tauri binary systems


  Using speckle-interferometry we have carried out repeated measurements of
relative positions for the components of 34 T Tauri binary systems. The
projected separation of these components is low enough that orbital motion is
expected to be observable within a few years. In most cases orbital motion has
indeed been detected. The observational data is discussed in a manner similar
to Ghez et al. (1995). However, we extend their study to a larger number of
objects and a much longer timespan. The database presented in this paper is
valuable for future visible orbit determinations. It will yield empirical
masses for T Tauri stars that now are only poorly known. The available data is
however not sufficient to do this at the present time. Instead, we use short
series of orbital data and statistical distributions of orbital parameters to
derive an average system mass that is independent of theoretical assumptions
about the physics of PMS stars. For our sample this mass is 2.0 solar masses
and thus in the order of magnitude one expects for the mass sum of two T Tauri
stars. It is also comparable to mass estimates obtained for the same systems
using theoretical PMS evolutionary models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3328 </DOCNO>
DMRG Study of the Ground State at Higher Landau Levels - Stripes,


  Hartree-Fock theory predicted stripe or bubble phase in the third and higher
Landau levels for two-dimensional electrons, and experimental evidences has
been accumulated. In this paper theoretical confirmation of the stripe phase
and bubble phase in higher Landau level is given by means of the density matrix
renormalization group (DMRG) method, which can give essentially exact ground
state for electron systems with up to 18 electrons. From the study of the pair
correlation function, the stripe phase, bubble phase, and the Wigner crystal
phase are identified, and phase diagram is obtained. The reentrant integer
quantum Hall state is identified as the bubble state. The phase diagram of the
fourth Landau level shows more diversity than the third level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3989 </DOCNO>
Iron under Earth's core conditions: Liquid-state thermodynamics and


  {\em Ab initio} techniques based on density functional theory in the
projector-augmented-wave implementation are used to calculate the free energy
and a range of other thermodynamic properties of liquid iron at high pressures
and temperatures relevant to the Earth's core. The {\em ab initio} free energy
is obtained by using thermodynamic integration to calculate the change of free
energy on going from a simple reference system to the {\em ab initio} system,
with thermal averages computed by {\em ab initio} molecular dynamics
simulation. The reference system consists of the inverse-power pair-potential
model used in previous work. The liquid-state free energy is combined with the
free energy of hexagonal close packed Fe calculated earlier using identical
{\em ab initio} techniques to obtain the melting curve and volume and entropy
of melting. Comparisons of the calculated melting properties with experimental
measurement and with other recent {\em ab initio} predictions are presented.
Experiment-theory comparisons are also presented for the pressures at which the
solid and liquid Hugoniot curves cross the melting line, and the sound speed
and Gr\"{u}neisen parameter along the Hugoniot. Additional comparisons are made
with a commonly used equation of state for high-pressure/high-temperature Fe
based on experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124027 </DOCNO>
Spectral Energy Distributions of Blazars: Facts and Speculations


  We discuss the present knowledge about the Spectral Energy Distributions
(SEDs) of blazars within a unified approach emphasizing overall similarities.
The properties of the average SEDs of different samples of blazars suggest that
more powerful sources contain on average less energetic particles. Detailed
studies of TeV emitting blazars show that the energy of the particles emitting
the bulk of the power increases during flares. A framework for a general
theoretical understanding is proposed. We present recent results on the SEDs of
a group of blazars with emission lines, allowing to estimate both the
luminosity in the jet and the luminosity of the accretion disk. Implications
for the origin of the power carried by relativistic jets are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7108 </DOCNO>
"Phase" diagram of Izing and Heisenberg cubic clusters


  We have studied the ground state of a simple cubic magnetic cluster, which
contains a spin s at each corner site. The ground state of such cluster depends
on the competition between nearest, next-nearest and next-next-nearest-neighbor
exchange interactions. We have calculated the "phase" diagrams for the Izing
clusters with s=1/2;1;3/2;5/2;\infty and for the Heisenberg clusters with s=1/2
and s=1. We have found that the "phase" diagram is remarkably independent on
the s value. It is important also that the Izing "phase" diagram can be used as
a rough approximation for the Heisenberg model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72725 </DOCNO>
Canceling Quadratic Divergences in a Class of Two-Higgs-Doublet Models


  The Newton-Wu conditions for the cancellation of quadratic divergences in a
class of two-Higgs-doublet models are analyzed as to how they may be satisfied
with a typical extension of the Standard Model of particle interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87281 </DOCNO>
Slowly decaying tails of massive scalar fields in spherically symmetric


  We study the dominant late-time behaviors of massive scalar fields in static
and spherically symmetric spacetimes. Considering the field evolution in the
far zone where the gravitational field is weak, we show under which conditions
the massive field oscillates with an amplitude that decays slowly as $t^{-5/6}$
at very late times, as previously found in (say) the Schwarzschild case. Our
conclusion is that this long-lived oscillating tail is generally observed at
timelike infinity in black hole spacetimes, while it may not be able to survive
if the central object is a normal star. We also discuss that such a remarkable
backscattering effect is absent for the field near the null cone at larger
spatial distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125616 </DOCNO>
The shape of $\eta$ Carinae and LBV Nebulae


  Stellar winds emitted by rotating massive stars may show two main components:
firstly bipolar lobes with low density and fast wind, produced by the higher
T$_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and gravity at the poles (`g$_{\mathrm{eff}}$-effect');
secondly, an equatorial disc with a slow dense wind, produced by the stronger
opacities at the equator (`$\kappa$-effect'). To see the possible role of
this anisotropic wind on the shape of LBV nebulae, we calculate the
distribution of the ejected matter in 2 simplified cases: 1) A brief shell
ejection. We find that prolate and peanut-shaped hollow nebulae naturally form
due to the g$_{\mathrm{eff}}$-effect in rotating stars. 2) A constant wind for
a long time. This produces prolate filled nebulae, with a possible strong disc
when a bi-stability limit is crossed in the equatorial region. Thus, many
features of the $\eta$ Carinae and LBV nebulae are accounted for by the
anisotropic ejection from rotating stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7301 </DOCNO>
Ensemble inequivalence: A formal approach


  Ensemble inequivalence has been observed in several systems. In particular it
has been recently shown that negative specific heat can arise in the
microcanonical ensemble in the thermodynamic limit for systems with long-range
interactions. We display a connection between such behaviour and a mean-field
like structure of the partition function. Since short-range models cannot
display this kind of behaviour, this strongly suggests that such systems are
necessarily non-mean field in the sense indicated here. We further show that a
broad class of systems with non-integrable interactions are indeed of
mean-field type in the sense specified, so that they are expected to display
ensemble inequivalence as well as the peculiar behaviour described above in the
microcanonical ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2084 </DOCNO>
Phonon spectrum and dynamical stability of a quantum degenerate


  We calculate the phonon excitation spectrum in a zero-temperature
boson-fermion mixture. We show how the sound velocity changes due to the
boson-fermion interaction and we determine the dynamical stability regime of a
homogeneous mixture. We identify a resonant phonon-exchange interaction between
the fermions as the physical mechanism leading to the instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2882 </DOCNO>
Treatment of Correlation Effects in Electron Momentum Density: Density


  Recent high resolution Compton scattering experiments clearly reveal that
there are fundamental limitations to the conventional local density
approximation (LDA) based description of the ground state electron momentum
density (EMD) in solids. In order to go beyond the framework of the density
functional theory (DFT), we consider for the correlated system a BCS-like
approach in which we start with a singlet pair wavefunction or a 'geminal' from
which the many body wavefunction is then constructed by taking an
antisymmetrized geminal product (AGP). A relatively simple practical
implementation of the AGP method is developed where the one-particle orbitals
are approximated by the Kohn-Sham solutions used in standard band computations,
and the orbital-dependent BCS energy scale $\Delta_i$ is determined through a
readily computed exchange-type integral. The methodology is illustrated by
considering EMD and Compton profiles in Li, Be and Al. It is found that in Li
the present scheme predicts a substantial renormalization of the LDA result for
the EMD; in Be, the computed correlation effect is anisotropic, while in Al,
the deviations from the LDA are relatively small. These theoretical predictions
are in qualitative accord with the corresponding experimental observations on
Li, Be and Al, and indicate the potential of the AGP method for describing
correlation effects on the EMD in wide classes of materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128684 </DOCNO>
Collisions of Free Floating Planets with Evolved Stars in Globular


  We estimate the rate of collisions between stars and free-floating planets
(FFPs) in globular clusters, in particular the collision of FFPs with red giant
branch (RGB) stars. Recent dynamical simulations imply that the density of such
objects could exceed million per cubic parsec near the cores of rich globular
clusters. We show that in these clusters 5-10 per cents of all RGB stars near
the core would suffer a collision with a FFP, and that such a collision can
spin up the RGB star's envelope by an order of magnitude. In turn, the higher
rotation rates may lead to enhanced mass-loss rates on the RGB, which could
result in bluer horizontal branch (HB) stars. Hence, it is plausible that the
presence of a large population of FFPs in a globular cluster can influence the
distribution of stars on the HB of that cluster to a detectable degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129423 </DOCNO>
Transients from Zel'dovich initial conditions


  We investigate the error implied by the use of the Zel'dovich approximation
to set up the initial conditions at a finite redshift $\zi$ in numerical
simulations. Using a steepest-descent method developed in a previous work
(paper II) we derive the probability distribution $P(\delta_R)$ of the density
contrast in the quasi-linear regime. This also provides its dependence on the
redshift $\zi$ at which the simulation is started. Thus, we find that the
discrepancy with the exact pdf (defined by the limit $\zi \to \infty$) is
negligible after the scale factor has grown by a factor $a/\ai \ga 5$, for
scales which were initially within the linear regime with $\sigma_{\rm i} \la
0.1$. This shows that the use of the Zel'dovich approximation to implement the
initial conditions is quite sufficient for practical purposes since these are
not very severe constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148851 </DOCNO>
Chiral stabilization of the renormalization group for flavor and color


  We propose an all-orders beta function for current-current interactions in 2d
with flavor anisotropy. When the number of left-moving and right-moving flavors
are unequal, the beta function has a non-trivial fixed point at finite values
of the couplings. We also extend the computation to simple cases with both
flavor and color anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74509 </DOCNO>
Generalized parton distributions at large momentum transfer


  The role of generalized parton distributions in wide-angle exclusive
reactions will be discussed. In contrast to deep virtual exclusive reactions
the wide angle processes offer the possibility of investigating the generalized
parton distributions at large momentum transfer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127357 </DOCNO>
LogN-LogS Studies of EGRET Sources


  A comprehensive investigation of logN-logS distributions of gamma-ray sources
discovered by EGRET has been performed for subsequent use in population
studies. Existing models explaining the spatial arrangement of unidentified
sources do not compare against an observed logN-logS distribution. However,
viable population models not only have to reproduce the logN-logS distribution
for different source classes globally, they have to correspond to apparent
differences among their spatial, spectral and variability characteristics.
Furthermore, it needs to be understood in which way results from selections
among the unidentified sources like "persistent" (Grenier 2000) or "steady"
sources (Gehrels et al. 2000) are related to the overall picture regarding
their logN-logS characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127060 </DOCNO>
NGC 4151: an intrinsically average Seyfert 1


  We present a detailed analysis of a long, 100 ksec, observation of NGC 4151
by ASCA, contemporaneous with an observation by the CGRO/OSSE. We fit the data
with physical models including an Fe K line and Compton reflection both
relativistically broadened and coupled according to theoretical results. The
model also includes a narrow Fe K component, which is emitted by both an
extended plasma region and the X-ray absorber. Our study of the absorber shows
strong evidence for the presence of more than one partial-covering cloud in the
line of sight. Taking these points into account, our best intrinsic model
includes a Comptonization continuum with an X-ray slope of Gamma=1.9 from a
thermal plasma with an electron kT=70 keV or so and a disk line with an
equivalent width of about 70 eV. The broadening of the line and reflection
indicate their origin from innermost parts of an accretion disk. Our results
indicate that NGC 4151 has an intrinsic X-ray spectrum and variability
properties similar to those of average Seyfert 1s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149431 </DOCNO>
CFT Description of String Theory Compactified on Non-compact Manifolds


  We construct modular invariant partition functions for strings propagating on
non-compact manifolds of G_2 holonomy. Our amplitudes involve a pair of N=1
minimal models M_m, M_{m+2} (m=3,4,...) and are identified as describing
strings on manifolds of G_2 holonomy associated with A_{m-2} type singularity.
It turns out that due to theta function identities our amplitudes may be cast
into a form which contain tricritical Ising model for any m. This is in accord
with the results of Shatashvili and Vafa. We also construct a candidate
partition function for string compactified on a non-compact Spin(7) manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97474 </DOCNO>
The Classification of Time Invariants (First Integrals) of Multinomial


  For a large class of systems of o.d.e.'s which have first integrals, the
method of arrays yields the following results:
  i) The first integrals $I$ can be found by solving systems of linear
equations.
  ii) How the first integral $I$ responds to changes in the system $S$.
  iii) An easy way for finding the first integral for a special class of first
integrals if they exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2976 </DOCNO>
Strong Coupling and Double Gap Density of States in Superconducting MgB2


  Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy at T = 4.2 K, we perform simultaneously
the topographic imaging and the quasiparticle density of states (DOS) mapping
in granular MgB2. We observe a new type of spectrum, showing a pronounced
double gap, with the magnitudes of Delta_S = 3.9 meV and Delta_L = 7.5 meV,
i.e. well below and well above the BCS limit. The largest gap value gives the
ratio 2*Delta_L/k_B T_c = 4.5, which implies strong electron-phonon coupling.
Other superconducting regions are found to have a characteristic BCS-shaped
DOS. However, the variation of the spectral shape and lower gap widths, from
2.0 meV to 6.5 meV, indicate the importance of surface inhomogeneity and
proximity effects in previously published tunneling data. Our finding gives no
evidence for any important gap anisotropy. Instead, it strongly supports the
multiple gap scenario in MgB2 in the clean limit, and the single gap scenario
in the dirty limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124373 </DOCNO>
The difficulty in using orphan afterglows to measure gamma-ray burst


  If gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission is strongly collimated then GRBs occur
throughout the Universe at a rate much higher than is detected. Since the
emission from the optical afterglow is thought to be more isotropic than the
gamma-ray emission, it has been hypothesized that a search for orphan
afterglows (those without the triggering GRB) would allow strong constraints to
be placed on the degree of GRB collimation. We show here that, within the
context of leading models of GRB jet evolution, measurement of the GRB beaming
angle using optical orphan searches is extremely difficult, perhaps impossible
in practice. This is because in the leading model of GRB jets, the effective
afterglow beaming angle scales with the jet angle for small angles, and so the
ratio of detected orphan afterglows to GRBs is independent of the jet opening
angle. Thus, the number of expected afterglow detections is the same for
moderate jet angles (e.g. 20 deg) as for arbitrarily small jet angles (<< 0.1
deg). For nearly isotropic GRB geometry, or for radio afterglow searches in
which the jet has become non-relativistic, the ratio of afterglows to GRBs may
give information on collimation. However, using a simple model we estimate the
expected number of orphan detections in current supernova surveys, and find
this number to be less than one, for all jet opening angles. Even for future
supernova surveys, the small detection rate and lack of dependence on
collimation angle appear to ruin the prospects of determining GRB beaming by
this method. Radio searches may provide the best hope to find the missing
orphans.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72473 </DOCNO>
One-loop Neutron Electric Dipole Moment from Supersymmetry without


  We present a detailed analysis together with exact numerical calculations on
one-loop contributions to neutron electric dipole moment from supersymmetry
without R-parity, focusing on the gluino, chargino, and neutralino
contributions. Apart from the neglected family mixing among quarks, complete
formulae are given for the various contributions, through the quark dipole
operators, to which the present study is restricted. We discuss the structure
and main features of the R-parity violating contributions and the interplay
between the R-parity conserving and violating parameters. In particular, the
parameter combination $\mu_i^*\lambda^{\prime}_{i11}$, under the optimal
parametrization adopted, is shown to be solely responsible for the R-parity
violating contributions in the supersymmetric loop diagrams. While
$\mu_i^*\lambda^{\prime}_{i11}$ could bear a complex phase, the latter is not
necessary to have a R-parity violating contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128240 </DOCNO>
Theory of star formation in the central kiloparsec


  Star formation by gravitational instabilities, sequential triggering, and
turbulence triggering are briefly reviewed in order to compare the various
mechanisms that are observed in main galaxy disks with those in the inner
kiloparsec regions. Although very little is known about inner galaxy triggering
mechanisms, there appear to be examples that parallel the well-known mechanisms
around us. The balance may shift slightly, however, because of the high
densities in nuclear regions. The sequential triggering mode, in which one
generation of stars triggers another, should be less prominent compared to
gravitational instabilities and turbulence triggering when the ambient density
is so high that the local dynamical time scale is less than the lifetime of an
O-type star. Regardless of this shift in balance, the star formation rate seems
to follow the same column density scaling law as in main disks, probably
because it is everywhere saturated to the maximum possible value allowed by the
fractal structure of the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3164 </DOCNO>
Stability Analysis of the Hubbard-Model


  An effective Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov-type interaction is calculated for the
Hubbard-model in second order in the coupling by means of flow-equations. A
stability analysis is performed in order to obtain the transition into various
possible phases. We find, that the second order contribution weakens the
tendency for the antiferromagnetic transition. Apart from a possible
antiferromagnetic transition the d-wave Pomeranchuk instability recently
reported by Halboth and Metzner is usually the strongest instability. A newly
found instability is of p-wave character and yields a band-splitting. In the
BCS-channel one obtains the strongest contribution for $d_{x^2-y^2}$-waves.
Other types of instabilities of comparable strength are also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123892 </DOCNO>
Multifrequency studies of the enigmatic gamma-ray source 3EG J1835+5918


  The EGRET telescope has repeatedly observed 3EG J1835+5918 as a bright and
steady source of high-energy gamma-ray radiation which has not yet been
indentified. EGRET data from CGRO observation cycle 1 to 7 have been reanalysed
above 100 MeV and above 1 GeV. The gamma-ray source location represents the
latest and probably final positional assessment based on EGRET data. We
especially adress the question of flux variability and spectral variability.
The results of a X-ray/optical identification campaign towards 3EG J1835+5918
are given. The one object which might be associated with the gamma-ray source
3EG J1835+5918 has the characteristics of an isolated neutron star and possible
of a radio-quiet pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98845 </DOCNO>
Growth of Betti Numbers


  Suppose X is any finite complex with vanishing L^2 Betti number. We prove
upper bounds on the Betti numbers for regular coverings of X, sublinear in the
order of covering. The bounds are sensitive to the Novikov-Shubin invariants of
X, and are improved in the presence of a spectral gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73634 </DOCNO>
Hadronization corrections to helicity components of the fragmentation


  In the hadronic decays of Z, gluon emission leads to the appearance of the
longitudinal component of the fragmentation function, F_L. Measurement of F_L
and the transverse component, F_T, could thus provide an insight into the gluon
fragmentation function. However, hadronization corrections at low x can be
significant. Here we present a method of accounting for such corrections, using
the JETSET event generator as illustration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1809 </DOCNO>
Extraordinary Temperature Dependence of the Resonant Andreev Reflection


  An extraordinary temperature dependence of the resonant Andreev reflection
via discrete energy level in a normal-metal / quantum-dot / superconductor
(N-QD-S) system is predicted theoretically by using Green function technique.
The width of zero bias conductance peak in N-QD-S is about $\sqrt{\Gamma
_L^2+\Gamma_R^2}$ and does not exhibit thermal broadening, where $\Gamma_L$ and
$\Gamma_R$ are the coupling strength between QD and leads. Considering the
intra-dot Coulomb interaction, the Coulomb blockade oscillations conducted by
Andreev reflection differs dramatically from that in N-QD-N. Instead of thermal
broadening, finite temperature induces more resonant peaks around the
oscillation peaks of zero temperature. This effect can be applied to determine
the coupling strength and QD level spacing in N-QD-S.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149207 </DOCNO>
Kac-Moody Symmetries of IIB Supergravity


  We formulate the bosonic sector of IIB supergravity as a non-linear
realisation. We show that this non-linear realisation contains the Borel
subalgebras of SL(11) and $E_7$ and argue that it can be enlarged so as to be
based on the rank eleven Kac-Moody algebra $E_{11}$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127205 </DOCNO>
Disk Diffusion Propagation Model for the Outburst of XTE J1118+480


  We present a linear diffusion model for the evolution of the double-peaked
outburst in the transient source XTEJ1118+480. The model treats the two
outbursts as episodic mass deposition at the outer radius of the disk followed
by evolution of disk structure according to a diffusion process. We demonstrate
that light curves with fast-rise, exponential decay profile are a general
consequence of the diffusion process. Deconvolution of the light curve proves
to be feasible and gives an input function specifying mass deposition at the
outer disk edge as well as the total mass of the disk, both as functions of
time. The derived evolution of total disk mass can be correlated with the
observed evolution of the ~0.1 Hz QPO in the source reported in Wood et al.
(2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73377 </DOCNO>
Color superconductivity and nondecoupling phenomena in 2+1 dimensional


  The possibility of generating a color superconducting state in 2+1
dimensional QCD is analyzed. The gap equation in the leading, hard-dense loop
improved, one-gluon exchange approximation is derived and solved. The magnitude
of the order parameter is proportional to a power of the coupling constant. For
an asymptotically large chemical potential, a qualitatevely new (with respect
to the 3+1 dimensional case) phenomenon of nondecoupling of the fermion pairing
dynamics from the infrared one is revealed and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99255 </DOCNO>
An extension theorem in symplectic geometry


  We extend the ``Extension after Restriction Principle'' for symplectic
embeddings of bounded starlike domains to a large class of symplectic
embeddings of unbounded starlike domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126560 </DOCNO>
Surface Brightness Fluctuations of Fornax Cluster Galaxies: Calibration


  We have measured K-band surface brightness fluctuations (SBFs) of 19
early-type galaxies in the Fornax cluster. Combining our results with published
data, we find the absolute SBF magnitude Mbar_K = (-5.84)+(3.6)*[(V-I)-1.15].
The intrinsic cosmic scatter of Mbar_K appears to be larger than that of I-band
SBFs. The discovery of a correlation between K-band SBFs and V-I color is a new
clue into the star formation histories of early-type galaxies. This relation
naturally accounts for galaxies previously claimed to have anomalously bright
K-band SBFs, namely M32 and NGC 4489. Models indicate that the stellar
populations dominating the SBF signal have a significant range in age; some
scatter in metallicity may also be present. The youngest ages imply some
galaxies have very luminous giant branches, akin to those in intermediate-age
(few Gyr) Magellanic Cloud clusters. A few Fornax galaxies have unusually
bright K-band SBFs, perhaps originating from a high metallicity burst of star
formation in the last few Gyr. The increased spread and brightening of the
K-band SBFs with bluer (V-I) colors suggest that the lower mass cluster
galaxies may have had more extended and more heterogeneous star formation
histories than those of the more massive galaxies. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126901 </DOCNO>
Starburst-driven galactic superwinds


  I provide an observational review of the properties of starburst-driven
galactic superwinds, focusing mainly on recent results pertinent to the
transport of metals and energy into the IGM. Absorption-line studies are
providing rich kinematic information on both neutral and ionized gas in
superwinds, with observed mass flow rates similar to the star formation rate
and outflow velocities comparable to or greater than the escape velocity. FUSE
observations of the Ovi doublet provide previously unattainable information
regarding outflow velocities and radiative cooling rates in hot gas at T \sim
3\times 10^{5} K. Emission from gas at temperatures of 10^{4} K and \sim 5
\times 10^{6} K is now being studied with unprecedented spatial resolution
using HST and Chandra, tracing the complex interaction of the still-invisible
wind of SN-ejecta with the ambient ISM entrained into these outflows. I discuss
the implications of these observations for our understanding of
starburst-driven outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3421 </DOCNO>
Microscopic correlations of non-Hermitian Dirac operators in


  In the presence of a non-vanishing chemical potential the eigenvalues of the
Dirac operator become complex. We calculate spectral correlation functions of
complex eigenvalues using a random matrix model approach. Our results apply to
non-Hermitian Dirac operators in three-dimensional QCD with broken flavor
symmetry and in four-dimensional QCD in the bulk of the spectrum. The
derivation follows earlier results of Fyodorov, Khoruzhenko and Sommers for
complex spectra exploiting the existence of orthogonal polynomials in the
complex plane. Explicit analytic expressions are given for all microscopic
k-point correlation functions in the presence of an arbitrary even number of
massive quarks, both in the limit of strong and weak non-Hermiticity. In the
latter case the parameter governing the non-Hermiticity of the Dirac matrices
is identified with the influence of the chemical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169386 </DOCNO>
Intensity-intensity correlations as a probe of interferences - under


  The different behaviour of first order interferences and second order
correlations are investigated for the case of two coherently excited atoms. For
intensity measurements this problem is equivalent to Young's double slit
experiment and was investigated in an experiment by Eichmann et al. [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 70, 2359 (1993)] and later analyzed in detail by Itano et al. [Phys. Rev.
A 57, 4176 (1998)]. Our results show that in cases where the intensity
interferences disappear the intensity-intensity correlations can display an
interference pattern with a visibility of up to 100%. The contrast depends on
the polarization selected for the detection and is independent of the strength
of the driving field. The nonclassical nature of the calculated
intensity-intensity correlations is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76126 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics from Noncommutative Quantum Field


  We derive noncommutative multi-particle quantum mechanics from noncommutative
quantum field theory in the nonrelativistic limit. Paricles of opposite charges
are found to have opposite noncommutativity. As a result, there is no
noncommutative correction to the hydrogen atom spectrum at the tree level. We
also comment on the obstacles to take noncommutative phenomenology seriously,
and propose a way to construct noncommutative SU(5) grand unified theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6890 </DOCNO>
Mirror quiescence and high-sensitivity position measurements with


  We present a detailed study of how phase-sensitive feedback schemes can be
used to improve the performance of optomechanical devices. Considering the case
of a cavity mode coupled to an oscillating mirror by the radiation pressure, we
show how feedback can be used to reduce the position noise spectrum of the
mirror, cool it to its quantum ground state, or achieve position squeezing.
Then, we show that even though feedback is not able to improve the sensitivity
of stationary position spectral measurements, it is possible to design a
nonstationary strategy able to increase this sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85996 </DOCNO>
Mechanics of Rotating Isolated Horizons


  Black hole mechanics was recently extended by replacing the more commonly
used event horizons in stationary space-times with isolated horizons in more
general space-times (which may admit radiation arbitrarily close to black
holes). However, so far the detailed analysis has been restricted to
non-rotating black holes (although it incorporated arbitrary distortion, as
well as electromagnetic, Yang-Mills and dilatonic charges). We now fill this
gap by first introducing the notion of isolated horizon angular momentum and
then extending the first law to the rotating case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76887 </DOCNO>
Calculations of Neutralino-Stop Coannihilation in the CMSSM


  We present detailed calculations of the neutralino-stop coannihilation
channels that have the largest impact on the relic neutralino density in the
constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (CMSSM), in
which scalar masses m_0, gaugino masses m_1/2 and the trilinear soft
supersymmetry-breaking parameters A_0 are each assumed to be universal at some
input grand unification scale. The most important stop-stop* and stop-stop
annihilation channels are also calculated, as well as stop-slepton
coannihilation channels. We illustrate the importance of these new
coannihilation calculations when A_0 is relatively large. While they do not
increase the range of m_1/2 and hence neutralino mass allowed by cosmology,
these coannihilation channels do open up new `tails' of parameter space
extending to larger values of m_0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99220 </DOCNO>
Geometric crystals and set-theoretical solutions to the quantum


  The notion of a geometric crystal was introduced by A.Berenstein and
D.Kazhdan, motivated by the needs of representation theory of p-adic groups. It
was shown by A.Braverman, A.Berenstein, and D.Kazhdan that some particular
geometric crystals give rise to an interesting birational automorphism R of the
Cartesian square of an n-dimensional torus, which satisfies the quantum
Yang-Baxter equation and the unitarity condition. On the other hand, unitary
set-theoretical solutions of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation were studied by
Schedler, Soloviev, and the author. It was shown that the theory is especially
nice if the solution satisfies an additional nondegeneracy condition. In
particular, in this situation one can define the so called reduced structure
group, whose complexity characterizes the complexity of the solution. In this
note we show that the map R is nondegenerate, and give a new proof that it
satisfies the quantum Yang-Baxter equation and the unitarity condition. Then we
calculate the reduced structure group of R, and show that it is a subgroup of
the "loop group" PGL(n,C(t))$. We also give a new, direct proof of a Theorem of
Braverman and Kazhdan on the commutativity of two symmetric group actions on
the space of matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148391 </DOCNO>
Gauge anomalies and the Witten-Seiberg correspondence for N=1


  The explicit form of non-Abelian noncommutative supersymmetric (SUSY) chiral
anomaly is calculated, the Wess-Zumino consistency condition is verified and
the correspondence of the Yang-Mills sector to the previously obtained results
is shown. We generalize the Seiberg-Witten map to the case of N=1 SUSY
Yang-Mills theory and calculations up to the second order in the
noncommutativity parameter are done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127885 </DOCNO>
The Extended Shapes of Galactic Satellites


  We are exploring the extended stellar distributions of Galactic satellite
galaxies and globular clusters. For seven objects studied thus far, the
observed profile departs from a King function at large r, revealing a ``break
population'' of stars. In our sample, the relative density of the ``break''
correlates to the inferred M/L of these objects. We discuss opposing hypotheses
for this trend: (1) Higher M/L objects harbor more extended dark matter halos
that support secondary, bound, stellar ``halos''. (2) The extended populations
around dwarf spheroidals (and some clusters) consist of unbound, extratidal
debris from their parent objects, which are undergoing various degrees of tidal
disruption. In this scenario, higher M/L ratios reflect higher degrees of
virial non-equilibrium in the parent objects, thus invalidating a precept
underlying the use of core radial velocities to obtain masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72717 </DOCNO>
Unintegrated parton distributions


  We describe how to calculate the parton distributions $f_a(x, k_t^2, \mu^2)$,
unintegrated over the parton transverse momentum $k_t$, from auxiliary
functions $h_a(x, k_t^2)$, which satisfy single-scale evolution equations. The
formalism embodies both DGLAP and BFKL contributions, and accounts for the
angular ordering which comes from coherence effects in gluon emission. We check
that the unintegrated distributions give the measured values of the deep
inelastic structure function $F_2(x, Q^2)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127662 </DOCNO>
Deep spectroscopy of the low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxy SBS


  The results of deep long-slit spectroscopy of the extremely low-metallicity
blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy SBS 0335-052 are presented. Down to intensity
levels of 10^{-3 ... -4} of Hbeta, unprecedented for spectroscopy of
extra-galactic giant H II regions, we detect numerous weak permitted and
forbidden nebular lines in the brightest part of the galaxy. With varying
degrees of confidence, the detections include lines of high-ionization ions
like Fe^{4+} -Fe^{6+}, implying very hard ionizing radiation. Two broad
emission features, possibly from Wolf-Rayet stars, and stellar He II 4200
absorption are seen in the same region. The large spatial extent of He II 4686
emission (implying the presence of sufficient ionizing photons with energies
above 54 eV) and the spatial distribution of the electron temperature suggest
that at least some part of the hard radiation is associated with shocks.
Extended Halpha emission is detected over ~ 6 - 8 kpc, a much larger area than
in previous studies, suggesting that hot ionized gas is spread out far away
from the central ionizing clusters. This shows that nebular line and continuous
emission can significantly modify the colours of these extended regions and
must be taken into account in studies of the underlying stellar population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74429 </DOCNO>
A See-Saw Mechanism with light sterile neutrinos


  The usual see-saw mechanism for the generation of light neutrino masses is
based on the assumption that all of the flavours of right-handed (more
properly, sterile) neutrinos are heavy. If the sterile Majorana mass matrix is
singular, one or more of the sterile neutrinos will have zero mass before
mixing with the active (left-handed) neutrinos and be light after that mixing
is introduced. In particular, a rank 1 sterile mass matrix leads naturally to
two pseudo-Dirac pairs, one very light active Majorana neutrino and one heavy
sterile Majorana neutrino. For any pattern of Dirac masses, there exists a
region of parameter space in which the two pseudo-Dirac pairs are nearly
degenerate in mass. This, in turn, leads to large amplitude mixing of active
states as well as mixing into sterile states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4306 </DOCNO>
Quantitative measurements of the thermopower of Andreev interferometers


  Using a new second derivative technique and thermometers which enable us to
determine the local electron temperature in a mesoscopic metallic sample, we
have obtained quantitative measurements of the low temperature field and
temperature dependent thermopower of Andreev interferometers. As in previous
experiments, the thermopower is found to oscillate as a function of magnetic
field. The temperature dependence of the thermopower is nonmonotonic, with a
minimum at a temperature of $\simeq0.5$ K. These results are discussed from the
perspective of Andreev reflection at the normal-metal/superconductor interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7437 </DOCNO>
Generalized Method of Image and the tunneling spectroscopy in High-Tc


  A generalized method of image is developed to deal with the tight-binding
nature involved in the tunneling problem. In particular, we investigate the
zero-bias conductance peaks (ZBCPs) that occur in the metal-d-wave
superconductor junctions. The evolution of ZBCPs versus dopings is obtained. In
addition, the splitting of ZBCPs in magnetic fields is found in good agreement
with experiments. Finally, a conductance peak at the bias of chemical potential
for tunneling into the (110) direction of the $d$-density wave state is
predicted, providing a signature to look for in experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86725 </DOCNO>
Causal Bulk Viscous Cosmology: Renormalization Group, Dimensional


  Renormalization group, dimensional analysis and structural stability theory
method are applied to the study of homogeneous flat causal bulk viscous
cosmological models. The scaling properties of the gravitational field
equations, of the causal evolution equation of the bulk viscous pressure and of
the equations of state are considered and it is shown that the requirement of
scale invariance imposes strong constraints on the equation of state. The
analysis of the renormalization group flow around the scale invariant fixed
point is performed and the long time behavior of the scale factor is obtained
for a cosmological model with bulk viscosity coefficient proportional to the
Hubble parameter. The same results are obtained by using dimensional analysis,
which also fixes the equation of state of the bulk viscosity coefficient. An
alternative approach, based on the structural stability analysis of the model,
also leads to the possibilty of obtaining the equation of state of bulk viscous
cosmological matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76991 </DOCNO>
Introduction to effective Lagrangians for QCD


  A brief introduction to the effective Lagrangian treatment of QCD (in the
sense of using fields representing physical particles rather than quarks and
gluons) will be given. The historical evolution of the subject will be
discussed. Some background material related to a recent model for Gamma Ray
Bursters will be given. Finally, some recent work on low energy strong
interactions will be mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6358 </DOCNO>
Robustness of the Van Hove scenario for high-Tc superconductors


  The pinning of the Fermi level to the Van Hove singularity and the formation
of flat bands in the two-dimensional t-t' Hubbard model is investigated by the
renormalization group technique. The "Van-Hove'' scenario of non-Fermi-liquid
behavior for high-Tc compounds can take place in a broad enough range of the
hole concentrations. The results are in qualitative agreement with the recent
ARPES data on La2CuO4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72721 </DOCNO>
Optimal Charge and Color Breaking conditions in the MSSM


  In the MSSM, we make a careful tree-level study of Charge and Color Breaking
conditions in the plane $(H_2, \tilde{u}_L, \tilde{u}_R)$, focusing on the top
quark scalar case. A simple and fast procedure to compute the VEVs of the
dangerous vacuum is presented and used to derive a model-independent optimal
CCB bound on $A_t$. This bound takes into account all possible deviations of
the CCB vacuum from the D-flat directions. For large $\tan \beta$, it provides
a CCB maximal mixing for the stop scalar fields $\tilde{t}_1,\tilde{t}_2$,
which automatically rules out the Higgs maximal mixing $|A_t|=\sqrt{6}
m_{\tilde{t}}$. As a result, strong limits on the stop mass spectrum and a
reduction, in some cases substantial, of the one-loop upper bound on the
CP-even lightest Higgs boson mass, $m_h$, are obtained. To incorporate one-loop
leading corrections, this tree-level CCB condition should be evaluated at an
appropriate renormalization scale which proves to be the SUSY scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 329 </DOCNO>
Vortex Channeling and the V-I Characteristic of YBa2Cu3O7 Low Angle


  We have performed V-I measurements on a thin film YBa2Cu3O7 4^o [001] tilt
low angle grain boundary over an extensive range of temperature and field,
verifying the presence of a linear characteristic. We report on the occurrence
of the linear characteristic in its basic form and on the observation of V-I
kinking into several, and in some cases numerous, linear segments. We interpret
these findings in terms of a variation in the dissipative width at the grain
boundary. Kinking from one linear V-I section to another of different gradient
is described in terms of a change in the number of vortex rows being viscously
channeled along the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5340 </DOCNO>
First Principles Calculation of Elastic Properties of Solid Argon at


  The density and the elastic stiffness coefficients of fcc solid argon at high
pressures from 1 GPa up to 80 GPa are computed by first-principles
pseudopotential method with plane-wave basis set and the generalized gradient
approximation (GGA). The result is in good agreement with the experimental
result recently obtained with the Brillouin spectroscopy by Shimizu et al.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4568 (2001)]. The Cauchy condition was found to be
strongly violated as in the experimental result, indicating large contribution
from non-central many-body force. The present result has made it clear that the
standard density functional method with periodic boundary conditions can be
successfully applied for calculating elastic properties of rare gas solids at
high pressures in contrast to those at low pressures where dispersion forces
are important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72536 </DOCNO>
Rare $\Lambda_{b}\to \Lambda $ l$^{+}$ l$^{-}$ Decays with Polarized


  We investigate the rare baryonic exclusive decays of $\Lambda_b\to \Lambda
l^+ l^- (l=e,\mu,\tau)$ with polarized $\Lambda $. Under the approximation of
the heavy quark effective theory (HQET), in the standard model we derive the
differential decay rates and various polarization asymmetries by including
lepton mass effects. We find that with the long-distance effects the decay
branching ratios are $5.3\times 10^{-5}$ for $\Lambda_b\to \Lambda l^+ l^-\
(l=e,\mu)$ and $1.1\times 10^{-5}$ for $\Lambda_b\to \Lambda \tau^+\tau^-$. The
effects of new physics in the decay rates are also discussed. The integrated
longitudinal $\Lambda$ polarizations are -0.31 and -0.12, while that of the
normal ones 0.02 and 0.01, for di-muon and tau modes, respectively. The CP-odd
transverse polarization of $\Lambda$ is zero in the standard model but it is
expected to be sizable in some theories with new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168666 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the Halting problem, unitarity and reversibility in quantum


  The Halting problem for the quantum computer is considered. It is shown, that
if the halting for the quantum computer takes place then the corresponding
dynamics is described by an irreversible operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96141 </DOCNO>
A geometric filtration of links modulo knots: I. Questions of nilpotence


  For each $k=0,1,2,...$ we define an equivalence relation called
$k$-quasi-isotopy on the set of classical links in $\R^3$ up to isotopy in the
sense of Milnor (1957) such that all sufficiently close approximations of a
topological link are $k$-quasi-isotopic. Whereas 0-quasi-isotopy coincides with
link homotopy, 1-quasi-isotopy is not implied by concordance, because of the
generalized $(\lk\ne 0)$ Sato--Levine invariant. Thus $k$-quasi-isotopy is not
completely described by the lower central series quotients of the fundamental
group. More intriguingly, it is almost certainly not determined by the derived
series quotients, since the natural quotient with respect to $k$-quasi-isotopy,
while isomorphic to Milnor's link group for $k=0$, is in general an Engel-type
group whose derived subgroups are interposed between the lower central
subgroups. A special case of the Isotopic Realization Problem motivates the
question, whether this quotient is always nilpotent, which seems highly
unlikely yet hard to disprove; indeed we show that all of its finite epimorphic
images are nilpotent. Nevertheless, we prove $k$-quasi-isotopy invariance of
Milnor's $\bar\mu$-invariants of length $\le 2k+3$ (leading to invariance of
certain coefficients of Conway's polynomial) and sharpness of this restriction.
We also discuss relations with $n$-splitting of Smythe and the effect of
Whitehead doubling on our filtration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128513 </DOCNO>
Nonstandard Central Engines in Nearby Galaxies


  We argue that nearby galaxy nuclei contain massive black holes that are
fueled by low radiative efficiency accretion flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5429 </DOCNO>
Spin textures, screening and excitations in dirty quantum Hall


  We study quantum Hall ferromagnets in the presence of a random electrostatic
impurity potential. Describing these systems with a classical non-linear sigma
model and using analytical estimates supported by results from numerical
simulations, we examine the nature of the ground state as a function of
disorder strength, $\Delta$, and deviation, $\delta \nu$, of the average Landau
level filling factor from unity. Screening of an impurity potential requires
distortions of the spin configuration, and in the absence of Zeeman coupling
there is a disorder-driven, zero-temperature phase transition from a
ferromagnet at small $\Delta$ and $|\delta \nu|$ to a spin glass at larger
$\Delta$ or $|\delta \nu|$. We examine ground-state response functions and
excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73154 </DOCNO>
The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and radiative lepton decays


  The leptons are viewed as composite objects, exhibiting anomalous magnetic
moments and anomalous flavor-changing transition moments. The decay $\mu \to e
\gamma$ is expected to occur with a branching ratio of the same order as the
present experimental limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41052 </DOCNO>
A measurement of branching ratios of $D^+$ and $D^+_s$ hadronic decays


  We have studied hadronic four-body decays of $D^+$ and $D^+_s$ mesons with a
$K_S$ in the final state using data recorded during the 1996-1997 fixed-target
run at Fermilab high energy photoproduction experiment FOCUS. We report a new
branching ratio measurement of $\Gamma(D^+\to K_S K^-\pi^+\pi^+)/\Gamma(D^+\to
K_S \pi^+\pi^+\pi^-)=0.0768\pm0.0041\pm0.0032$. We make the first observation
of three new decay modes with branching ratios $\Gamma(D^+\to K_S
K^+\pi^+\pi^-)/\Gamma(D^+\to K_S \pi^+\pi^+\pi^-)=0.0562\pm0.0039\pm0.0040$,
$\Gamma(D^+\to\K_S K^+ K^-\pi^+)/\Gamma(D^+\to K_S
\pi^+\pi^+\pi^-)=0.0077\pm0.0015\pm0.0009$, and $\Gamma(D^+_s\to K_S
K^+\pi^+\pi^-)/\Gamma(D^+_s\to K_S K^-\pi^+\pi^+)=0.586\pm0.052\pm0.043$, where
in each case the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168475 </DOCNO>
Variational Sturmian Approximation: A nonperturbative method of solving


  A variationally improved Sturmian approximation for solving time-independent
Schr\"odinger equation is developed. This approximation is used to obtain the
energy levels of a quartic anharmonic oscillator, a quartic potential, and a
Gaussian potential. The results are compared with those of the perturbation
theory, the WKB approximation, and the accurate numerical values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74639 </DOCNO>
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray, Superheavy Dark Matter and Extra Dimension


  We propose a new mechanism for explaining the very long lifetime of
superheavy dark matter X, which is proposed as a source of the ultra
high-energy cosmic rays above the GZK cutoff (5 \times 10^{19} eV). The singlet
X particle couples to the MSSM particles only through a bulk singlet field
which develops the v.e.v. in the ``hidden'' brane. The distance between this
hidden brane and the ``visible'' brane naturally leads to the exponential
suppression of the coupling. The X particle decays predominantly into the
higgsino and higgs boson of the MSSM, and its decay spectrum is completely
determined once their properties are known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148865 </DOCNO>
Quasinormal Modes and Choptuik Scaling in the Near Extremal


  We study quasinormal modes of massless scalar and fermion fields in the near
extremal Reissner-Nordstr{\"o}m black hole, and relate them to Choptuik scaling
form following a recently proposed analytic approach. For both massless cases,
quasinormal modes are shown to be proportional to the black hole horizon and
the Hawking temperature, and the critical exponents are the same, although for
the fermionic case there are two possible discrete quasinormal modes. In
addition, the critical exponent of the massive boson is also equivalent to that
of the massless case. Finally, we discuss quasinormal modes and critical
exponents in the other models, and obtain some different critical exponents
between massless boson and massive one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76838 </DOCNO>
Initial conditions for simulated `tachyonic preheating' and the Hartree


  In numerical simulations studying preheating in the classical approximation
there is the problem how to derive the classical initial conditions from the
quantum vacuum fluctuations. In past treatments, the initial conditions often
put an energy density into the classical field of order of the cutoff, leading
to a divergent temperature after thermalization. We suggest a solution to the
problem which follows naturally from a Hartree ensemble approximation,
introduced recently as an improvement over the standard Hartree approximation.
We study the effects on particle numbers of the various treatments, within the
context of `tachyonic preheating' in 1+1 dimensional $\phi^4$ theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97606 </DOCNO>
Fidelity preserving maps on density operators


  We prove that any bijective transformation on the set of all density
operators on a Hilbert space is implemented by an either unitary or antiunitary
operator on the underlying Hilbert space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81287 </DOCNO>
Vortices in the SU(2)-Higgs model -- Vortices and the covariant adjoint


  Vortices in the SU(2)--Higgs model: The presence of a fundamental Higgs in
the SU(N)-Higgs model yields color screening at some finite distance. Whereas
the transition to the Higgs "phase" is accompanied by a suppression of
projected center vortices, there is nearly no influence of color screening on
the vortex properties in the confined "phase". Hence the behavior of the Wilson
loop can be described in both phases within the vortex picture of confinement.
  Vortices and the covariant adjoint Laplacian: Laplacian center gauge is a
method to localize center vortices in SU(N) gauge theory. We show that the
eigenvectors of the covariant adjoint Laplacian identify vortices for a special
class of gauge field configurations. However, for Monte Carlo generated
configurations, modified approaches are required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3698 </DOCNO>
Zero-bias anomaly in disordered wires


  We calculate the low-energy tunneling density of states $\nu(\epsilon, T)$ of
an $N$-channel disordered wire, taking into account the electron-electron
interaction non-perturbatively. The finite scattering rate $1/\tau$ results in
a crossover from the Luttinger liquid behavior at higher energies,
$\nu\propto\epsilon^\alpha$, to the exponential dependence $\nu (\epsilon,
T=0)\propto \exp{(-\epsilon^*/\epsilon)}$ at low energies, where
$\epsilon^*\propto 1/(N \tau)$. At finite temperature $T$, the tunneling
density of states depends on the energy through the dimensionless variable
$\epsilon/\sqrt{\epsilon^* T}$. At the Fermi level $\nu(\epsilon=0,T) \propto
\exp (-\sqrt{\epsilon^*/T})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83605 </DOCNO>
A Dualheap Selection Algorithm - A Call for Analysis


  An algorithm is presented that efficiently solves the selection problem:
finding the k-th smallest member of a set. Relevant to a divide-and-conquer
strategy, the algorithm also partitions a set into small and large valued
subsets. Applied recursively, this partitioning results in a sorted set. The
algorithm's applicability is therefore much broader than just the selection
problem. The presented algorithm is based upon R.W. Floyd's 1964 algorithm that
constructs a heap from the bottom-up. Empirically, the presented algorithm's
performance appears competitive with the popular quickselect algorithm, a
variant of C.A.R. Hoare's 1962 quicksort algorithm. Furthermore, constructing a
heap from the bottom-up is an inherently parallel process (processors can work
independently and simultaneously on subheap construction), suggesting a
performance advantage with parallel implementations. Given the presented
algorithm's broad applicability, simplicity, serial performance, and parallel
nature, further study is warranted. Specifically, worst-case analysis is an
important but still unsolved problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96493 </DOCNO>
3-Manifolds from Platonic Solids


  The problem of classifying, upto isometry (or similarity), the orientable
spherical, Euclidean and hyperbolic 3-manifolds that arise by identifying the
faces of a Platonic solid is formulated in the language of Coxeter groups. In
the spherical and hyperbolic cases, this allows us to complete the
classification begun by Lorimer, Richardson and Rubinstein and Best.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75720 </DOCNO>
Loitering Phase in Brane Gas Cosmology


  Brane Gas Cosmology (BGC) is an approach to M-theory cosmology in which the
initial state of the Universe is taken to be small, dense and hot, with all
fundamental degrees of freedom near thermal equilibrium. Such a starting point
is in close analogy with the Standard Big Bang (SBB) model. The topology of the
Universe is assumed to be toroidal in all nine spatial dimensions and is filled
with a gas of p-branes. The dynamics of winding modes allow, at most, three
spatial dimensions to become large, thus explaining the origin of our
macroscopic 3+1-dimensional Universe. Here we conduct a detailed analysis of
the loitering phase of BGC. We do so by including into the equations of motion
that describe the dilaton gravity background some new equations which determine
the annihilation of string winding modes into string loops. Specific solutions
are found within the model that exhibit loitering, i.e. the Universe
experiences a short phase of slow contraction during which the Hubble radius
grows larger than the physical extent of the Universe. As a result the brane
problem (generalized domain wall problem) in BGC is solved. The initial
singularity and horizon problems of the SBB scenario are solved without relying
on an inflationary phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41472 </DOCNO>
Search for a Lifetime Difference in D^0 Decays


  The D^0 mixing parameter y = Delta Gamma/2 Gamma was determined by measuring
the D^0 lifetime separately for the K^-pi^+ decay mode and the K^-K^+ decay
mode with 12.4 fb^{-1} of data collected by the BABAR experiment in 2001.
Backgrounds were suppressed with the D^* --> D^0pi^+ decay and particle
identification. The following preliminary result was obtained: y = (-1.0 +/-
2.2 (stat) +/- 1.7 (syst))%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149821 </DOCNO>
$G_2$ Manifolds, Mirror Symmetry and Geometric Engineering


  We construct Calabi-Yau geometries with wrapped D6 branes which realize
${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric $A_r$ quiver theories, and study the corresponding
geometric transitions. This also yields new large $N$ dualities for topological
strings generalizing topological strings/large $N$ Chern-Simons duality.
Lifting up to M-theory yields smooth quantum geometric transitions without
branes or fluxes, in the context of $G_2$ holonomy manifolds. In addition we
construct a linear sigma model realization which is relevant for the worldsheet
theory of superstrings propagating in local manifolds with $G_2$ holonomy, and
obtain mirror geometries for this class of supersymmetric sigma models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73180 </DOCNO>
New physics effects to the lepton polarizations in the B -> K l^+ l^-


  Using the general, model independent form of the effective Hamiltonian, the
general expressions of the longitudinal, normal and transversal polarization
asymmetries for (l^-) and (l^+) and combinations of them for the exclusive (B
-> K l^+ l^-) decay are found. The sensitivity of lepton polarizations and
their combinations on new Wilson coefficients are studied. It is found that
there exist regions of Wilson coefficients for which the branching ratio
coincides with the Standard Model result while the lepton polarizations differ
substantially from the standard model prediction. Hence, studying lepton
polarization in these regions of new Wilson coefficients can serve as a
promising tool for establishing new physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96880 </DOCNO>
Holomorphic disks and three-manifold invariants: properties and


  In an earlier paper, we introduced Floer homology theories associated to
oriented rational homology 3-spheres Y and SpinC structures. In the first part
of this paper we extend these constructions to all closed, oriented
three-manifolds. In the second part, we study the properties of these
invariants. The properties include a relationship between the Euler
characteristics of these Floer homologies and Turaev's torsion, a relationship
with the minimal genus problem (Thurston norm), and surgery exact sequences. We
also include some applications of these techniques to three-manifold topology

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74355 </DOCNO>
QCD Calculations of Pion Electromagnetic and Transition Form Factors


  A short review is given of calculations of the pion electromagnetic and
transition form factors within the framework of quantum chromodynamics. It is
argued that both the perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of the Q^2
dependence of these form factors are rather well understood in QCD. However,
new experimental data at higher Q^2 would be extremely helpful for detailed
tests of the transition to the regime where the pQCD hard contribution plays
the dominant role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169444 </DOCNO>
Maximal-entropy-production-rate nonlinear quantum dynamics compatible


  In view of the recent quest for well-behaved nonlinear extensions of the
traditional Schroedinger-von Neumann unitary dynamics that could provide
fundamental explanations of recent experimental evidence of loss of quantum
coherence at the microscopic level, in this paper, together with a review of
the general features of the nonlinear quantum (thermo)dynamics I proposed in a
series of papers [see references in G.P. Beretta, Found.Phys. 17, 365 (1987)],
I show its exact equivalence with the maximal-entropy-production
variational-principle formulation recently derived in S.
Gheorghiu-Svirschevski, Phys.Rev. A 63, 022105 (2001). In addition, based on
the formalism of general interest I developed for the analysis of composite
systems, I show how the variational derivation can be extended to the case of a
composite system to obtain the general form of my equation of motion, that
turns out to be consistent with the demanding requirements of strong
separability. Moreover, I propose a new intriguing fundamental ansatz: that the
time evolution along the direction of steepest entropy ascent unfolds at the
fastest rate compatible with the time-energy Heisenberg uncertainty relation.
This ansatz provides a possible well-behaved general closure of the nonlinear
dynamics, compatible with the nontrivial requirements of strong separability,
and with no need of new physical constants. In any case, the time-energy
uncertainty relation provides lower bounds to the internal-relaxation-time
functionals and, therefore, upper bounds to the rate of entropy production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1474 </DOCNO>
Levy Matrices and Financial Covariances


  In a given market, financial covariances capture the intra-stock correlations
and can be used to address statistically the bulk nature of the market as a
complex system. We provide a statistical analysis of three SP500 covariances
with evidence for raw tail distributions. We study the stability of these tails
against reshuffling for the SP500 data and show that the covariance with the
strongest tails is robust, with a spectral density in remarkable agreement with
random Levy matrix theory. We study the inverse participation ratio for the
three covariances. The strong localization observed at both ends of the
spectral density is analogous to the localization exhibited in the random Levy
matrix ensemble. We discuss two competitive mechanisms responsible for the
occurrence of an extensive and delocalized eigenvalue at the edge of the
spectrum: (a) the Levy character of the entries of the correlation matrix and
(b) a sort of off-diagonal order induced by underlying inter-stock
correlations. (b) can be destroyed by reshuffling, while (a) cannot. We show
that the stocks with the largest scattering are the least susceptible to
correlations, and likely candidates for the localized states. We introduce a
simple model for price fluctuations which captures behavior of the SP500
covariances. It may be of importance for assets diversification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76059 </DOCNO>
Vacuum-polarization corrections to the parity-nonconserving 6s-7p


  The dominant one-loop radiative corrections to atomic wave functions, those
associated with vacuum polarization in the nuclear Coulomb field, are evaluated
for the 6s-7s parity-nonconserving (PNC) transition amplitude in 133Cs. These
corrections increase the size of the PNC amplitude by 0.4% and,
correspondingly, increase the difference between the experimental value of the
weak charge Q_W(133Cs) and the value predicted by the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7204 </DOCNO>
Kinetic energy density functionals for non-periodic systems


  Kinetic energy functionals of the electronic density are used to model large
systems in the context of density functional theory, without the need to obtain
electronic wavefunctions. We discuss the problems associated with the
application of widely used kinetic energy functionals to non-periodic systems.
We develop a method that circumvents this difficulty and allows the kinetic
energy to be evaluated entirely in real space. We demonstrate that the method
is efficient [O(N)] and accurate by comparing the results of our real-space
formulation to calculations performed in reciprocal space, and to calculations
using traditional approaches based on electronic states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74898 </DOCNO>
Universal Singlets, Supergravity and Inflation


  In supersymmetric theories, the occurrence of universal singlets is a
delicate issue, because they usually induce tadpoles that destabilize the
hierarchy. We study the effects of these tadpoles in supersymmetric hybrid
inflation models. The resulting scenario is generically modified, but it is
still possible to achieve inflation in a natural way. It is argued that
singlets, despite the problems associated with their presence, can lead to
interesting cosmological consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126869 </DOCNO>
Properties of tidally-triggered vertical disk perturbations


  We present a detailed analysis of the properties of warps and
tidally-triggered perturbations perpendicular to the plane of 47
interacting/merging edge-on spiral galaxies. The derived parameters are
compared with those obtained for a sample of 61 non-interacting edge-on
spirals. The entire optical (R-band) sample used for this study was presented
in two previous papers. We find that the scale height of disks in the
interacting/merging sample is characterized by perturbations on both large
(~disk cut-off radius) and short (~z0) scales, with amplitudes of the order of
280pc and 130pc on average, respectively. The size of these large (short)
-scale instabilities corresponds to 14% (6%) of the mean disk scale height.
This is a factor of 2 (1.5) larger than the value found for non-interacting
galaxies. A hallmark of nearly all tidally distorted disks is a scale height
that increases systematically with radial distance. The frequent occurrence and
the significantly larger size of these gradients indicate that disk asymmetries
on large scales are a common and persistent phenomenon, while local
disturbances and bending instabilities decline on shorter timescales. Nearly
all (93%) of the interacting/merging and 45% of the non-interacting galaxies
studied are noticeably warped. Warps of interacting/merging galaxies are ~2.5
times larger on average than those observed in the non-interacting sample, with
sizes of the order of 340pc and 140pc, respectively. This indicates that tidal
distortions do considerably contribute to the formation and size of warps.
However, they cannot entirely explain the frequent occurrence of warped disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76088 </DOCNO>
Searching for the CP-Violation Associated with Majorana Neutrinos


  The effective Majorana mass which determines the rate of the neutrinoless
double beta decay, |<m>|, is considered in the case of three-neutrino mixing
and massive Majorana neutrinos. Assuming a rather precise determination of the
parameters characterizing the neutrino oscillation solutions of the solar and
atmospheric neutrino problems has been made, we discuss the information a
measurement of |<m>| > (0.005 - 0.010) eV can provide on the value of the
lightest neutrino mass and on the CP-violation in the lepton sector. The
implications of combining a measurement of |<m>| with future measurement of the
neutrino mass in tritium beta-decay experiments for the possible determination
of leptonic CP-violation are emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83516 </DOCNO>
Automated Debugging In Java Using OCL And JDI


  Correctness constraints provide a foundation for automated debugging within
object-oriented systems. This paper discusses a new approach to incorporating
correctness constraints into Java development environments. Our approach uses
the Object Constraint Language ("OCL") as a specification language and the Java
Debug Interface ("JDI") as a verification API. OCL provides a standard language
for expressing object-oriented constraints that can integrate with Unified
Modeling Language ("UML") software models. JDI provides a standard Java API
capable of supporting type-safe and side effect free runtime constraint
evaluation. The resulting correctness constraint mechanism: (1) entails no
programming language modifications; (2) requires neither access nor changes to
existing source code; and (3) works with standard off-the-shelf Java virtual
machines ("VMs"). A prototype correctness constraint auditor is presented to
demonstrate the utility of this mechanism for purposes of automated debugging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6717 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Casher phase and persistent current in a polyacetylene ring


  We investigate a polyacetylene ring in an axially symmetric, static electric
field with a modified SSH Hamiltonian of a polyacetylene chain. An effective
gauge potential of the single electron Hamiltonian due to spin-field
interaction is obtained and it results in a Fr\"{o}hlich's type of
superconductivity equivalent to the effect of travelling lattice wave. The
total energy as well as the persistent current density are shown to be a
periodic function of the flux of the gauge field embraced by the polyacetylene
ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1366 </DOCNO>
Evolutionary route to diploidy and sex


  Using a bit-string model of evolution, we find a successful route to diploidy
and sex in simple organisms. Allowing the sexually reproducing diploid
individuals to also perform mitosis, as they do in a haploid-diploid cycle,
leads to the complete takeover of the population by sexual diploids. This
mechanism is so robust, that even the accidental conversion and pairing of only
two diploids give rise to a sexual population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126924 </DOCNO>
On the black hole - bulge mass relation in active and inactive galaxies


  New black-hole mass estimates are presented for a sample of 72 AGN covering
three decades in optical luminosity. Using a sub-sample of Seyfert galaxies,
which have black-hole mass estimates from both reverberation mapping and
stellar velocity dispersions, we investigate the geometry of the AGN broad-line
region (BLR). It is demonstrated that a model in which the orbits of the
line-emitting material have a flattened geometry is favoured over randomly
orientated orbits. Using this model we investigate the M_{bh}-L_{bulge}
relation for a combined 90-object sample, consisting of the AGN plus a sample
of 18 nearby inactive elliptical galaxies with dynamical black-hole mass
measurements. It is found that, for all reasonable mass-to-light ratios, the
M_{bh}-L_{bulge} relation is equivalent to a linear scaling between bulge and
black-hole mass. The best-fitting normalization of the M_{bh}-M_{bulge}
relation is found to be M_{bh}=0.0012M_{bulge}, in agreement with recent
black-hole mass studies based on stellar velocity dispersions. Furthermore, the
scatter around the M_{bh}-L_{bulge} relation for the full sample is found to be
significantly smaller than has been previously reported (Delta \log M_{bh}=0.39
dex). Finally, using the nearby inactive elliptical galaxy sample alone, it is
shown that the scatter in the M_{bh}-L_{bulge} relation is only 0.33 dex,
comparable to that of the M_{bh}-sigma relation. These results indicate that
reliable black-hole mass estimates can be obtained for high redshift galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76235 </DOCNO>
A relativistic quark model of baryons


  On the basis of the three-particle Bethe-Salpeter equation we formulated a
relativistic quark model for baryons. Assuming the propagators to be given by
their free form with constituent quark masses and the interaction kernel by an
instantaneous potential, which contains a string-like parameterization of
confinement and a flavor dependent interaction motivated by instanton effects
we can account for the major features in the baryon spectrum, such as the low
position of the Roper resonance and the occurrence of approximate parity
doublets apparent in the Nucleon- and Lambda-spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97245 </DOCNO>
Particle description of zero energy vacuum. II. Basic vacuum systems


  We describe vacuum as a system of virtual particles, some of which have
negative energies. Any system of vacuum particles is a part of a keneme, i.e.
of a system of n particles which can, without violating the conservation laws,
annihilate in the strict sense of the word (transform into nothing). A keneme
is a homogeneous system, i.e. its state is invariant by all transformations of
the invariance group. But a homogeneous system is not necessarily a keneme. In
the simple case of a spin system, where the invariance group is SU(2), a
homogeneous system is a system whose total spin is unpolarized; a keneme is a
system whose total spin is zero. The state of a homogeneous system is described
by a statistical operator with infinite trace (von Neumann), to which
corresponds a characteristic distribution. The characteristic distributions of
the homogeneous systems of vacuum are defined and studied. Finally it is shown
how this description of vacuum can be used to solve the frame problem posed in
(I).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125003 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observation of the Rho Oph Cloud


  We observed a 17$'\times17'$ region of the $\rho$ Oph molecular cloud, using
the ACIS-I array onboard the {\it Chandra X-ray Observatory} (CXO). A 100-ks
exposure observation revealed $\sim$ hundred X-ray sources above the detection
limit of $\sim$ 10$^{28}$ ergs s$^{-1}$. About 2/3 of the X-ray sources are
identified to an optical and/or infrared counterpart, including significant
numbers of class I, II and III sources and a few brown dwarfs. The X-ray
detection rate of class I sources is surprisingly high of 70 %. Many X-ray
flares, possibly due to the magnetic activity, are found from all of the
classes. We make systematic spectral studies on the quiescent and flare X-rays
for all the X-ray sources. The X-ray temperatures and absorptions of class I
sources are generally larger than those of class II and III sources. Also X-ray
flares from class I sources show a hint of higher duty ratio, temperature and
luminosity, than those from more evolved classes. We further give brief results
on brown dwarfs, younger phase than class I, unclassified and unidentified
sources. Details for several selected young stellar objects, including the
first detection of a neutral iron line (6.4 keV) from a class I source YLW 16A,
are separately addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2508 </DOCNO>
Modulational instability of spinor condensates


  We demonstrate, analytically and numerically, that the ferromagnetic phase of
the spinor Bose-Einstein condenstate may experience modulational instability of
the ground state leading to a fragmentation of the spin domains. Together with
other nonlinear effects in the atomic optics of ultra-cold gases (such as
coherent photoassociation and four-wave mixing) this effect provides one more
analogy between coherent matter waves and light waves in nonlinear optics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75294 </DOCNO>
Strongly Coupled Grand Unification in Higher Dimensions


  We consider the scenario where all the couplings in the theory are strong at
the cut-off scale, in the context of higher dimensional grand unified field
theories where the unified gauge symmetry is broken by an orbifold
compactification. In this scenario, the non-calculable correction to gauge
unification from unknown ultraviolet physics is naturally suppressed by the
large volume of the extra dimension, and the threshold correction is dominated
by a calculable contribution from Kaluza-Klein towers that gives the values for
\sin^2\theta_w and \alpha_s in good agreement with low-energy data. The
threshold correction is reliably estimated despite the fact that the theory is
strongly coupled at the cut-off scale. A realistic 5d supersymmetric SU(5)
model is presented as an example, where rapid d=6 proton decay is avoided by
putting the first generation matter in the 5d bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96577 </DOCNO>
Questions of Connectedness of the Hilbert Scheme of Curves in ${\mathbb


  We review the present state of the problem, for each degree $d$ and genus
$g$, is the Hilbert scheme of locally Cohen--Macaulay curves in ${\mathbb P}^3$
connected?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73157 </DOCNO>
Covariant Treatment of Neutrino Spin (Flavour) Conversion in Matter


  Within the recently proposed Lorentz invariant formalism for description of
neutrino spin evolution in presence of an arbitrary electromagnetic fields
effects of matter motion and polarization are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4133 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Susceptibility of the Balian-Werthamer Phase of 3He in Aerogel


  The equilibrium superfluid phase of 3He impregnated into high-porosity silica
aerogels appears to be a non-equal-spin-pairing state in zero field at all
pressures, which is generally assumed to be the Balian-Werthamer (BW) phase
modified by the depairing effects of the aerogel structure. The nuclear
magnetic susceptibility played a key role in identifying the B-phase of pure
3He with the BW state. We report theoretical calculations of the nuclear
magnetic susceptibility for the BW model of superfluid 3He in aerogel within
the framework of the Fermi-liquid theory of superfluid 3He. Scattering of
quasiparticles by the aerogel, in addition to Fermi-liquid exchange
corrections, leads to substantial changes in the susceptibility of the BW
phase. The increase in the magnetic susceptibility of 3He-aerogel compared to
pure 3He-B is related to the polarizability of the gapless excitations and the
impurity-induced local field. The limited data that is available is in rough
agreement with theoretical predictions. Future measurements could prove
important for a more definitive identification of the ordered phase, as well as
for refining the theoretical model for the effects of disorder and scattering
on the properties of superfluid 3He.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73068 </DOCNO>
Neutral MSSM Higgs-boson production at e+e- colliders in the


  We calculate the cross sections for the neutral Higgs-boson production at
e+e- colliders in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) using the
Feynman-diagrammatic approach and the on-shell renormalization scheme. We
incorporate the Higgs-boson propagator corrections, evaluated up to two-loop
order, into the prediction of the cross sections for the Higgs-boson production
mechanism e+e- -> hZ, hA. The propagator corrections consist of the full
one-loop contribution, including the effects of non-vanishing external
momentum, and at the two-loop level of the dominant corrections of O(alpha
alpha_s) and further sub-dominant contributions. The results are supplemented
with the complete set of one-loop vertex and box corrections. The effects of
the two-loop propagator corrections are investigated in detail. We briefly
discuss also the effect of the box contributions for high $\sqrt{s}$. We
compare our results with the case where only the corrections to the effective
mixing angle, evaluated within the renormalization-group-improved one-loop
Effective Potential approach, are taken into account. We find agreement better
than 10% for LEP2 energies and deviations larger than 20% for $\sqrt{s}$ = 500
GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2015 </DOCNO>
Dirac Nodes and Quantized Thermal Hall Effect in the Mixed State of


  We consider the vortex state of d-wave superconductors in the clean limit.
Within the linearized approximation the quasiparticle bands obtained are found
to posess Dirac cone dispersion (band touchings) at special points in the
Brillouin zone. They are protected by a symmetry of the linearized Hamiltonian
that we call T_Dirac. Moreover, for vortex lattices that posess inversion
symmetry, it is shown that there is always a Dirac cone centered at zero energy
within the linearized theory. On going beyond the linearized approximation and
including the effect of the smaller curvature terms (that break T_Dirac), the
Dirac cone dispersions are found to acquire small gaps (0.5 K/Tesla in YBCO)
that scale linearly with the applied magnetic field. When the chemical
potential for quasiparticles lies within the gap, quantization of the
thermal-Hall conductivity is expected at low temperatures i.e. kappa_{xy}/T =
n[(pi k_B)^2/(3h)] with the integer `n' taking on values n=+2, -2, 0. This
quantization could be seen in low temperature thermal transport measurements of
clean d-wave superconductors with good vortex lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127139 </DOCNO>
Heavy Element Diffusion in Metal Poor Stars


  Stellar evolution models which include the effect of helium and heavy element
diffusion have been calculated for initial iron abundances of [Fe/H] = -2.3,
-2.1, -1.9 and -1.7. These models were calculated for a large variety of masses
and three separate mixing lengths, \alpha = 1.50, 1.75 and 2.00 (with \alpha =
1.75 being the solar calibrated mixing length). The change in the surface iron
abundance for stars of different masses was determined for the ages 11, 13 and
15 Gyr. Iron settles out of the surface convection zone on the main sequence;
this iron is dredged back up when the convection zone deepens on the giant
branch. In all cases, the surface [Fe/H] abundance in the turn-off stars was at
least 0.28 dex lower than the surface [Fe/H] abundance in giant-branch stars of
the same age. However, recent high dispersion spectra of stars in the globular
cluster NGC 6397 found that the turn-off and giant branch stars had identical
(within a few percent) iron abundances of [Fe/H] =-2.03 (Gratton et al. 2001).
These observations prove that heavy element diffusion must be inhibited in the
surface layers of metal-poor stars. When diffusion is inhibited in the outer
layers of a stellar model, the predicted temperatures of the models are similar
to models evolved without diffusion, while the predicted lifetimes are similar
to stars in which diffusion is not inhibited. Isochrones constructed from the
models in which diffusion is inhibited fall half-way between isochrones without
diffusion, and isochrones with full diffusion. As a result, absolute globular
cluster ages which are based upon the absolute magnitude of the turn-off are 4%
larger than ages inferred from full diffusion isochrones, and 4% smaller than
ages inferred from no diffusion isochrones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6582 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic fluctuations of liquids with internal rotation inside a


  The correlation theory of the thermal hydrodynamic fluctuations of liquids
with internal spin within a spherical cavity is developed. For the hydrodynamic
fields of such a liquid, linearized equations with random thermal sources are
used. For the time dependent amplitudes of the expansion of the fields in the
basis functions of the vector Helmholtz equations a set of Langevin equations
is obtained that allowed us, with the help of the fluctuation-dissipation
theorem, to find the spectral densities of the correlation functions of the
amplitudes. The spectra of the fluctuations of hydrodynamic fields are found in
the form of a superposition of spectral amplitudes of the expansion with
weights expressed as bilinear combinations of the proper coordinate functions
and their derivatives. The correlation functions of the field of the
translational velocity and internal spin of the liquid in one spatial point are
analyzed. They have a sense of local coefficients of the translational and
rotational diffusion coefficients of the Lagrange particle. We represent them
as a series in spherical Bessel functions and roots of transcendental equations
following from the boundary conditions on the sphere. The results demonstrate
that the size of the pore essentially affects the character of the hydrodynamic
fluctuations of the liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114038 </DOCNO>
On Some Physical Aspects of Planck-Scale Relativity:A Simplified


  The kinematics of the two-scale relativity theory (new relativity) is
revisited using a simplified approach. This approach allows us not only to
derive the dispersion equation introduced earlier by Kowalski-Glikman, but to
find an additional dispersion relation, and, even more important, to provide a
physical basis for such relations. They are explained by the fact that in the
observer invariant two-scale relativity (new relativity) the Planck constant
does nor remain constant anymore, but depends on the universal length scale.
This leads to the correct relation between energy and frequency at any scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4030 </DOCNO>
Discovery of microscopic electronic inhomogeneity in the high-Tc


  The parent compounds of the copper oxide high-Tc superconductors are unusual
insulators. Superconductivity arises when they are properly doped away from
stoichiometry1. In Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x, superconductivity results from doping with
excess oxygen atoms, which introduce positive charge carriers (holes) into the
CuO2 planes, where superconductivity is believed to originate. The role of
these oxygen dopants is not well understood, other than the fact that they
provide charge carriers. However, it is not even clear how these charges
distribute in the CuO2 planes. Accordingly, many models of high-Tc
superconductors simply assume that the charge carriers introduced by doping
distribute uniformly, leading to an electronically homogeneous system, as in
ordinary metals. Here we report the observation of an electronic inhomogeneity
in the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x using scanning tunnelling
microscopy/spectroscopy. This inhomogeneity is manifested as spatial variations
in both the local density of states spectrum and the superconducting energy
gap. These variations are correlated spatially and vary on a surprisingly short
length scale of ~ 14 Angs. Analysis suggests that the inhomogeneity observed is
a consequence of proximity to a Mott insulator resulting in poor screening of
the charge potentials associated with the oxygen ions left behind in the BiO
plane after doping. Hence this experiment is a direct probe of the local nature
of the superconducting state, which is not easily accessible by macroscopic
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97373 </DOCNO>
Fibre bundle formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics. II.


  We propose a fibre bundle formulation of the mathematical base of
relativistic quantum mechanics. At the present stage the bundle form of the
theory is equivalent to its conventional one, but it admits new types of
generalizations in different directions.
  In the present, second, part of our investigation, we consider a covariant
approach to bundle description of relativistic quantum mechanics.
  In it the wavefunctions are replaced with (state) sections of a suitably
chosen vector bundle over space-time whose (standard) fibre is the space of the
wavefunctions. Now the quantum evolution is described as a linear
transportation (by means of the transport along the identity map of the
space\nobreakdash-time) of the state sections in the (total) bundle space.
Connections between the (retarded) Green functions of the relativistic wave
equations and the evolution operators and transports are found. Especially the
Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86863 </DOCNO>
Dirichlet Boundary Value Problems of the Ernst Equation


  We demonstrate how the solution to an exterior Dirichlet boundary value
problem of the axisymmetric, stationary Einstein equations can be found in
terms of generalized solutions of the Backlund type. The proof that this
generalization procedure is valid is given, which also proves conjectures about
earlier representations of the gravitational field corresponding to rotating
disks of dust in terms of Backlund type solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97986 </DOCNO>
Dual decompositions of 4-manifolds II: linear link invariants


  This paper continues the study of decompositions of a smooth 4-manifold into
two handlebodies with handles of index $\leq2$. Part I gave existence results
in terms of spines and chain complexes over the fundamental group of the
ambient manifold. Here we exploit the fact that one side of a decomposition
frequently has larger fundamental group to define algebraic-topological
invariants. The main theorems are realization results for these invariants.
This reveals a basic asymmetry in these decompositions: subtle changes on one
side can force algebraic-topologically detectable changes on the other. The
connection to link invariants comes through thinking of the ``subtle'' side as
determined by the link used as attaching maps for its 2-handles. A solvable
iteration of the basic invariant gives an ``obstruction theory'' related to the
Cochran-Orr-Teichner filtration of the link concordance groups, and the
finite-type invariants developed following Vassilaev.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125376 </DOCNO>
The Role of Dust in Producing the Cosmic Infrared Background


  The extragalactic background light (EBL), exclusive of the cosmic microwave
background, consists of the cumulative radiative output from all energy sources
in the universe since the epoch of recombination. Most of this energy is
released at ultraviolet and optical wavelengths. However, observations show
that a significant fraction of the EBL falls in the 10 to 1000 micron
wavelength regime. This provides conclusive evidence that we live in a dusty
universe, since only dust can efficiently absorbs a significant fraction of the
background energy and reemit it at infrared wavelengths. The general role of
dust in forming the cosmic infrared background (CIB) is therefore obvious.
However, its role in determining the exact spectral shape of the CIB is quite
complex. The CIB spectrum depends on the microscopic physical properties of the
dust, its composition, abundance, and spatial distribution relative to the
emitting sources, and its response to evolutionary processes that can modify
all the factors listed above. This paper will present a brief summary of the
many ways dust affects the intensity and spectral shape of the cosmic infrared
background. In an Appendix we present new limits on the mid-infrared intensity
of the CIB using TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 501.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5267 </DOCNO>
Surfing on a critical line: Rejuvenation without chaos, Memory without a


  The dynamic behaviour of glassy materials displays strong nonequilibrium
effects, such as ageing in simple protocols, memory, rejuvenation and Kovacs
effects in more elaborated experiments. We show that this phenomenology may be
easily understood in the context of the nonequilibrium critical dynamics of
non-disordered systems, the main ingredient being the existence of an infinite
equilibrium correlation length. As an example, we analytically investigate the
behaviour of the 2D XY model submitted to temperature protocols similar to
experiments. This shows that typical glassy effects may be obtained by `surfing
on a critical line' without invoking the concept of temperature chaos nor the
existence of a hierarchical phase space, as opposed to previous theoretical
approaches. The relevance of this phenomenological approach to glassy dynamics
is finally discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98424 </DOCNO>
Resolution of the Cauchy problem for the Toda lattice with


  This paper is the continuation of the work "On an inverse problem for
finite-difference operators of second order". We consider the Cauchy problem
for the Toda lattice in the case when the corresponding L-operator is a Jacobi
matrix with bounded elements, whose spectrum of multipliciy 2 is separated from
its simple spectrum and contains an interval of asolutely continuous spectrum.
Using the integral equation of the inverse problem for this matrix, obtained in
the previous work, we solve the Cauchy problem for the Toda lattice with
non-stabilized initial data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41311 </DOCNO>
Final results from the Palo Verde Neutrino Oscillation Experiment


  The analysis and results are presented from the complete data set recorded at
Palo Verde between September 1998 and July 2000. In the experiment, the
$\nuebar$ interaction rate has been measured at a distance of 750 and 890 m
from the reactors of the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station for a total of
350 days, including 108 days with one of the three reactors off for refueling.
Backgrounds were determined by (a) the $swap$ technique based on the difference
between signal and background under reversal of the positron and neutron parts
of the correlated event and (b) making use of the conventional reactor-on and
reactor-off cycles. There is no evidence for neutrino oscillation and the mode
$\nuebar\to\bar\nu_x$ was excluded at 90% CL for $\dm>1.1\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$
at full mixing, and $\sinq>0.17$ at large $\dm$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75441 </DOCNO>
Forward jets and forward $W$-boson production at hadron colliders


  In this talk we give a short review of forward jets and forward $W$-boson
production at hadron colliders, in view of the extraction of footprints of BFKL
physics. We argue that at Tevatron energies, dijet production at large rapidity
intervals is still subasymptotic with respect to the BFKL regime, thus the
cross section is strongly dependent on the various cuts applied in the
experimental setup. In addition, the choice of equal transverse momentum cuts
on the tagging jets makes the cross section dependent on large logarithms of
non-BFKL origin, and thus may spoil the BFKL analysis. For vector boson
production in association with two jets, we argue that the configurations that
are kinematically favoured tend to have the vector boson forward in rapidity.
Thus $W + 2$ jet production lends itself naturally to extensions to the
high-energy limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97238 </DOCNO>
The Deformation Complex For Differential Graded Hopf Algebras


  Let H be a differential graded Hopf algebra over a field k. This paper gives
an explicit construction of a triple cochain complex that defines the
Hochschild-Cartier cohomology of H. A certain truncation of this complex is the
appropriate setting for deforming H as an H(q)-structure. The direct limit of
all such truncations is the appropriate setting for deforming H as a strongly
homotopy associative structure. Sign complications are systematically
controlled. The connection between rational perturbation theory and the
deformation theory of certain free commutative differential graded algebras is
clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7168 </DOCNO>
Er2Ti2O7: Evidence of Order by Disorder in a Frustrated Quantum


  Er2Ti2O7 is a realisation of the frustrated <111> XY antiferromagnet on the
pyrochlore lattice, for which theory predicts fluctuation-induced symmetry
breaking in an otherwise highly degenerate ground state manifold. We present a
theoretical analysis of the classical model compared to neutron scattering
experiments on the real material, both below and above the ordering
temperature, 1.173(2) K. We present strong evidence that the real system has
order stabilised by zero-point quantum fluctuations that can be modelled by
classical spin wave theory. The ordered moment is found to be massively
suppressed to about a third of its classical value, which indicates strong
quantum fluctuations, either local or global. It appears that the system is
close to a quantum critical point. Inelastic neutron scattering and specific
heat are consistent with this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6664 </DOCNO>
Elastic theory of icosahedral quasicrystals - application to straight


  In quasicrystals, there are not only conventional, but also phason
displacement fields and associated Burgers vectors. We have calculated
approximate solutions for the elastic fields induced by two-, three- and
fivefold straight screw- and edge-dislocations in infinite icosahedral
quasicrystals by means of a generalized perturbation method. Starting from the
solution for elastic isotropy in phonon and phason spaces, corrections of
higher order reflect the two-, three- and fivefold symmetry of the elastic
fields surrounding screw dislocations. The fields of special edge dislocations
display characteristic symmetries also, which can be seen from the
contributions of all orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123859 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the warm dark matter model from gravitational lensing


  Formation of sub-galactic halos is suppressed in warm dark matter (WDM) model
due to thermal motion of WDM particles. This may provide a natural resolution
to some puzzles in standard cold dark matter (CDM) theory such as the cusped
density profiles of virialized dark halos and the overabundance of low mass
satellites. One of the observational tests of the WDM model is to measure the
gravitationally lensed images of distant quasars below sub-arcsecond scales. In
this Letter, we report a comparison of the lensing probabilities of multiple
images between CDM and WDM models using a singular isothermal sphere model for
the mass density profiles of dark halos and the Press-Schechter mass function
for their distribution and cosmic evolution. It is shown that the differential
probability of multiple images with small angular separations down to 10
milliarcseconds should allow one to set useful constraints on the WDM particle
mass. We discuss briefly the feasibility and uncertainties of this method in
future radio surveys (e.g. VLBI) for gravitational lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126353 </DOCNO>
The Polatron: A Millimeter-Wave Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimeter


  We describe the development of a bolometric receiver designed to measure the
arcminute-scale polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The
Polatron will be mounted at the Cassegrain focus of the 5.5 m telescope at the
Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO). The receiver will measure both the Q and
U Stokes parameters over a 20% pass-band centered near 100 GHz, with the input
polarization signal modulated at ~0.6 Hz by a rotating, birefringent, quartz
half-wave plate. In six months of observation we plan to observe ~400 2.5
arcminute pixels in a ring about the North Celestial Pole to a precision of ~6
\mu K/pixel in each of Q and U, adequate to unambiguously detect CMB
polarization at levels predicted by current models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127389 </DOCNO>
The National Virtual Observatory


  As a scientific discipline, Astronomy is rather unique. We only have one
laboratory, the Universe, and we cannot, of course, change the initial
conditions and study the resulting effects. On top of this, acquiring
Astronomical data has historically been a very labor-intensive effort. As a
result, data has traditionally been preserved for posterity. With recent
technological advances, however, the rate at which we acquire new data has
grown exponentially, which has generated a Data Tsunami, whose wave train
threatens to overwhelm the field. In this conference proceedings, we present
and define the concept of virtual observatories, which we feel is the only
logical answer to this dilemma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5360 </DOCNO>
Boundary dependence of the coupling constant and the mass in the vector


  Using the Matsubara formalism, we consider the massive $(\lambda
\phi^{4})_{D}$ vector $N$-component model in the large $N$ limit, the system
being confined between two infinite paralell planes. We investigate the
behavior of the coupling constant as a function of the separation $L$ between
the planes. For the Wick-ordered model in $D = 3$ we are able to give an exact
formula to the $L$-dependence of the coupling constant. For the
non-Wick-ordered model we indicate how expressions for the coupling constant
and the mass can be obtained for arbitrary dimension $D$ in the small-$L$
regime. Closed exact formulas for the $L$-dependent renormalized coupling
constant and mass are obtained in $D = 3$ and their behaviors as functions of
$L$ are displayed. We are also able to obtainn in generic dimension $D$, an
equation for the critical value of $L$ corresponding to a second order phase
transition in terms of the Riemann $zeta$-function. In $D = 3$ a
renormalization is done and an explicit formula for the critical $L$ is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41666 </DOCNO>
Revisiting spin alignment of heavy mesons in its inclusive production


  In the heavy quark limit inclusive production rate of a heavy meson can be
factorized, in which the nonperturbative effect related to the heavy meson can
be characterized by matrix elements defined in the heavy quark effective
theory. Using this factorization, predictions for the full spin density matrix
of a spin-1 and spin-2 meson can be obtained and they are characterized only by
one coefficient representing the nonperturbative effect. Predictions for spin-1
heavy meson are compared with experiment performed at $e^+e^-$ colliders in the
energy range from $\sqrt{s}=10.5$GeV to $\sqrt{s}=91$GeV, a complete agreement
is found for $D^*$- and $B^*$-meson. For $D^{**}$ meson, our prediction suffers
a large correction, as indicated by experimental data. There exists another
approach by taking heavy mesons as bound systems, in which the total angular
momentum of the light degrees of freedom is 1/2 and 3/2 for spin-1 and spin-2
meson respectively, then the diagonal parts of spin density matrices can be
obtained. However, there are distinct differences in the predictions from the
two approaches and they are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148777 </DOCNO>
Seiberg-Witten Transforms of Noncommutative Solitons


  We evaluate the Seiberg-Witten map for solitons and instantons in
noncommutative gauge theories in various dimensions. We show that solitons
constructed using the projection operators have delta-function supports when
expressed in the commutative variables. This gives a precise identification of
the moduli of these solutions as locations of branes. On the other hand, an
instanton solution in four dimensions allows deformation away from the
projection operator construction. We evaluate the Seiberg-Witten transform of
the U(2) instanton and show that it has a finite size determined by the
noncommutative scale and by the deformation parameter \rho. For large \rho, the
profile of the D0-brane density of the instanton agrees surprisingly well with
that of the BPST instanton on commutative space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125444 </DOCNO>
Clouds and Chemistry: Ultracool Dwarf Atmospheric Properties from


  The optical and infrared colors of L and T dwarfs are sensitive to cloud
sedimentation and chemical equilibrium processes in their atmospheres. The
i'-z' vs. J-K color-color diagram provides a window into diverse atmospheric
processes mainly because different chemical processes govern each color, and
cloud opacity largely affects J-K but not i'-z'. Using theoretical atmosphere
models that include for the first time a self-consistent treatment of cloud
formation, we present an interpretation of the i'-z' vs. J-K color trends of
known L and T dwarfs. We find that the i'-z' color is extremely sensitive to
chemical equilibrium assumptions: chemical equilibrium models accounting for
cloud sedimentation predict redder i'-z' colors--by up to 2 magnitudes--than
models that neglect sedimentation. We explore the previously known J-K color
trends where objects first become redder, then bluer with decreasing effective
temperature. Only models that include sedimentation of condensates are able to
reproduce these trends. We find that the exact track of a cooling brown in J-K
(and i'-z') is very sensitive to the details of clouds, in particular to the
efficiency of sedimentation of condensates in its atmosphere. We also find that
clouds still affect the strength of the J, H, and K band fluxes of even the
coolest T dwarfs. In addition, we predict the locus in the i'-z' vs. J-K
color-color diagram of brown dwarfs cooler than yet discovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 512 </DOCNO>
Bulk and Edge excitations in a $\nu =1$ quantum Hall ferromagnet


  In this article, we shall focus on the collective dynamics of the fermions in
a $\nu = 1$ quantum Hall droplet. Specifically, we propose to look at the
quantum Hall ferromagnet. In this system, the electron spins are ordered in the
ground state due to the exchange part of the Coulomb interaction and the Pauli
exclusion principle. The low energy excitations are ferromagnetic magnons. To
provide a means for describing these magnons, we shall discuss a method of
introducing collective coordinates in the Hilbert space of many-fermion
systems. These collective coordinates are bosonic in nature. They map a part of
the fermionic Hilbert space into a bosonic Hilbert space. Using this technique,
we shall interpret the magnons as bosonic collective ex citations in the
Hilbert space of the many-electron Hall system. By considering a Hall droplet
of finite extent, we shall also obtain the effective Lagrangian governing the
spin collective excitations at the edge of the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85940 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical limits on quantum gravity motivated birefringence


  We obtain observational upper bounds on a class of quantum gravity related
birefringence effects, by analyzing the presence of linear polarization in the
optical and ultraviolet spectrum of some distant sources. In the notation of
Gambini and Pullin we find $\chi < 10^{-3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87117 </DOCNO>
Hollow sphere, a flexible multimode Gravitational Wave antenna


  Hollow spheres have the same theoretical capabilities as the usual solid
ones, since they share identical symmetries. The hollow sphere is however more
flexible, as thickness is an additional parameter one can vary to approach
given specifications. I will briefly discuss the more relevant properties of
the hollow sphere as a GW detector (frequencies, cross sections), and suggest
some scenarios where it can generate significant astrophysical information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6188 </DOCNO>
Dominant mode in the cuprates: electronic vs. phononic scenario


  We make the case for an electronic origin of the strong mode, recently seen
in ARPES experiments, and, in this regard, further discuss the physics of the
spin resonance peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128243 </DOCNO>
A Massive Disk Galaxy at z=1.34


  We report the discovery of a rapidly rotating disk in a K-selected galaxy at
z=1.34. Spatially resolved kinematics are determined from deep, moderate
resolution Keck spectroscopy covering the redshifted [OII] 3727 line. A
conservative estimate of the maximum rotation velocity V_max = 290 +- 20 km/s,
placing the galaxy among the most rapid rotators known. An HST WFPC2 image
taken in the F814W filter (rest-frame U) shows that the [OII] emission
originates in a ring of star forming regions ~3'' (~20 kpc) across. In the
K-band the galaxy is compact, and its position coincides with the center of the
star forming ring seen in the rest-frame near-UV. The galaxy has M_V = -22.4 +-
0.2 (~3 L*) in the rest-frame, and its spectral energy distribution is very
well fitted by that of a redshifted Sb/c galaxy. The observed kinematics,
morphology, and spectral energy distribution are consistent with a massive
bulge-disk system at z=1.34. The lower limit on V_max gives an upper limit on
the offset from the present-day Tully-Fisher relation. The galaxy is
overluminous by less than 0.7 +- 0.4 magnitudes in rest-frame V, consistent
with previous studies of disk galaxies at lower redshift. Taken together, these
results suggest that some of the most luminous spiral galaxies in the nearby
Universe were already in place ~10^10 yr ago, placing a constraint on models
for their formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76470 </DOCNO>
Analytic Amplitude Models for Forward Scattering


  We report on fits of a large class of analytic amplitude models for forward
scattering against the comprehensive data for all available reactions. To
differentiate the goodness of the fits of many possible parametrizations to a
large sample of data, we developed and used a set of quantitative indicators
measuring statistical quality of the fits over and beyond the typical criterion
of the $\Chi^2 /dof$. These indicators favor models with a universal $ log^2 s$
Pomeron term, which enables one to extend the fit down to $\sqrt s = 4$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95568 </DOCNO>
Multi-dimensional Meta-analysis for Assessment of Relationships between


  Multi-dimensional meta-analysis (MDMA) is an innovative technique for
investigating complex scientific problems influenced by "external" factors,
such as social, medical, economic, political or climatic trends. MDMA extends
traditional meta-analysis by identifying significant data from diverse and
independent disciplines ("orthogonal dimensions") and incorporating truth
tables and non-parametric analysis methods in the interpretation protocol. In
this paper, we outline the methodology of MDMA. We then demonstrates how to
apply the method to a specific problem: the relationship between asthma and air
particulates. The conclusions from the example show that the further reduction
of atmospheric particulate levels is not necessarily the answer to the
increasing asthma incidence. This example also demonstrates the strength of
this method of analysis for complex problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75476 </DOCNO>
Single top production at the LHC: the Effective-W Approximation


  Motivated by the need to set bounds on the third generation charged
couplings, we study the mechanism of single top production at the LHC,
analyzing the sensitivity of different observables to the magnitude of the
effective left and right couplings. The study is carried out in the framework
of the so-called effective W approximation, where the virtual $W$ is treated as
a parton. We take this opportunity to critically assess the validity of this
approximation in detail by comparing it to an exact calculation recently
completed by us of the same process. We comment on several issues related to
top polarization since the observables relevant to distinguish between left and
right effective couplings involve the measurement of the spin of the top. The
conclusion is that the effective $W$ approximation is not well suited for this
subtle analysis; it fails to reproduce the detailed $p_T$ distributions and
grossly distorts the polarization of the emerging top. It does however,
reproduce the overall angular distribution and gives a sensible
order-of-magnitude estimate for the total cross section analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5981 </DOCNO>
Order statistics of the trapping problem


  When a large number N of independent diffusing particles are placed upon a
site of a d-dimensional Euclidean lattice randomly occupied by a concentration
c of traps, what is the m-th moment <t^m_{j,N}> of the time t_{j,N} elapsed
until the first j are trapped? An exact answer is given in terms of the
probability Phi_M(t) that no particle of an initial set of M=N, N-1,..., N-j
particles is trapped by time t. The Rosenstock approximation is used to
evaluate Phi_M(t), and it is found that for a large range of trap
concentracions the m-th moment of t_{j,N} goes as x^{-m} and its variance as
x^{-2}, x being ln^{2/d} (1-c) ln N. A rigorous asymptotic expression (dominant
and two corrective terms) is given for <t^m_{j,N}> for the one-dimensional
lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76437 </DOCNO>
The solar neutrino spectrum derived from electron scattering and charged


  We provide a method for extracting information on the energy spectrum of
solar neutrinos directly from the spectrum of scattered electrons. As an
example, we apply it to the published Super-Kamiokande data. When combined with
data from SNO on charged current interactions this method allows to derive
separately the spectra of nu_e and of nu_mu plus nu_tau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73001 </DOCNO>
Number of Fermion Generations Derived from Anomaly Cancellation


  We prove that global anomaly cancellation requires more than one generation
of quarks and leptons, provided that the standard model fields propagate in two
universal extra dimensions. Furthermore, if the fermions of different
generations have the same gauge charges and chiralities, then global anomaly
cancellation implies that there must be three generations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73784 </DOCNO>
How parametric resonance mechanism follows quench mechanism in


  We show how parametric resonance mechanism follows quench mechanism in the
classical linear sigma model. The parametric resonance amplifies long
wavelength modes of the pion for more than $10 fm/c$. The shifting from the
quench mechanism to the parametric resonance mechanism is described by a time
dependent quantity. After the quench mechanism is over, that quantity has an
oscillating part, which causes the parametric resonance. Since its frequency is
$2 m_\pi ~(m_\pi$ : pion mass), very long wavelength modes such as k = 40 MeV
of the pion are amplified by the parametric resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148878 </DOCNO>
Metric of the multiply wound rotating string


  We consider a string wrapped many times around a compact circle in space, and
let this string carry a right moving wave which imparts momentum and angular
momentum to the string. The angular momentum causes the strands of the
`multiwound' string to separate and cover the surface of a torus. We compute
the supergravity solution for this string configuration. We map this solution
by dualities to the D1-D5 system with angular momentum that has been recently
studied. We discuss how constructing this multiwound string solution may help
us to relate the microscopic and macroscopic pictures of black hole absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98729 </DOCNO>
Presheaves of triangulated categories and reconstruction of schemes


  To any triangulated category with tensor product $(K,\otimes)$, we associate
a topological space $Spc(K,\otimes)$, by means of thick subcategories of $K$, a
la Hopkins-Neeman-Thomason. Moreover, to each open subset $U$ of
$Spc(K,\otimes)$, we associate a triangulated category $K(U)$, producing what
could be thought of as a presheaf of triangulated categories. Applying this to
the derived category $(K,\otimes):=(D^{perf}(X),\otimes^L)$ of perfect
complexes on a noetherian scheme $X$, the topological space $Spc(K,\otimes)$
turns out to be the underlying topological space of $X$; moreover, for each
open $U\subset X$, the category $K(U)$ is naturally equivalent to
$D^{perf}(U)$.
  As an application, we give a method to reconstruct any reduced noetherian
scheme $X$ from its derived category of perfect complexes $D^{perf}(X)$,
considering the latter as a tensor triangulated category with $\otimes^L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72828 </DOCNO>
Search for Gluonic Mesons in Gluon Jets


  We present a short survey of the theoretical expectations on glueballs and
hybrids as well as of the present phenomenological status. The possibility to
obtain new information on gluonic mesons from the study of gluon jets in
comparison to quark jets is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41518 </DOCNO>
Determination of Parton Distribution Functions in Nuclei


  Nuclear parton distribution functions are obtained by a chi^2 analysis of
lepton deep inelastic experimental data. It is possible to determine
valence-quark distributions at medium x and antiquark distributions at small x;
however, the distributions in other x regions and gluon distributions cannot be
fixed. We need a variety of experimental data and also further analysis
refinements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5513 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Diamagnetic Fluctuations in MgB2


  The fluctuating diamagnetic magnetization Mfl at constant field H as a
function of temperature and the isothermal magnetization Mfl vs H are measured
in MgB2, above the superconducting transition temperature. The expressions for
Mfl in randomly oriented powders are derived in the Gaussian approximation of
local Ginzburg-Landau theory and used for the analysis of the data. The scaled
magnetization Mfl/H^{1/2}*T is found to be field dependent. In the limit of
evanescent field the behaviour for Gaussian fluctuations is obeyed while for
H>~ 100 Oe the field tends to suppress the fluctuating pairs, with a field
dependence of Mfl close to the one expected when short wavelength fluctuations
and non-local electrodynamic effects are taken into account. Our data, besides
providing the isothermal magnetization curves for T>Tc(0) in a BCS-type
superconductor such as MgB2, evidence an enhancement of the fluctuating
diamagnetism which is related to the occurrence in this new superconductor of
an anisotropic spectrum of the superconducting fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6169 </DOCNO>
Nonanalytic correlation length in Ising systems with one surface defect


  A two-dimensional Ising system with ferromagnetic coupling and one defect
line at distance L from the surface is solved exactly using Pfaffians. The
system shows a singularity in the surface correlation length at a temperature
T_s which is smaller than the transition temperature T_c of the bulk. Numerical
studies using the transfer matrix technique suggest that this singularity is
also present in an Ising system with two defect lines at distance L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1427 </DOCNO>
Financial Time Series and Statistical Mechanics


  A few characteristic exponents describing power law behaviors of roughness,
coherence and persistence in stochastic time series are compared to each other.
Relevant techniques for analyzing such time series are recalled in order to
distinguish how the various exponents are measured, and what basic differences
exist between each one. Financial time series, like the JPY/DEM and USD/DEM
exchange rates are used for illustration, but mathematical ones, like
(fractional or not) Brownian walks can be used also as indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98247 </DOCNO>
On manifolds supporting quasi Anosov diffeomorphisms


  Let $M$ be an $n$-dimensional manifold supporting a quasi Anosov
diffeomorphism. If $n=3$ then either $M={\mathbb T}^3$, in which case the
diffeomorphisms is Anosov, or else its fundamental group contains a copy of
${\mathbb Z} ^6$. If $n=4$ then $\Pi_1(M)$ contains a copy of ${\mathbb Z} ^4$,
provided that the diffeomorphism is not Anosov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3024 </DOCNO>
Simple Applications of q-Bosons


  A deformation of the harmonic oscillator algebra associated with the Morse
potential and the SU(2) algebra is derived using the quantum analogue of the
anharmonic oscillator. We use the quantum oscillator algebra or $q$-boson
algebra which is a generalisation of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra obtained by
introducing a deformation parameter $q$. Further, we present a new algebraic
realization of the $q$-bosons, for the case of $q$ being a root of unity, which
corresponds to a periodic structure described by a finite-dimensional
representation. We show that this structure represents the symmetry of a linear
lattice with periodic boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126188 </DOCNO>
Direct Analysis of Spectra of Type Ib Supernovae


  Synthetic spectra generated with the parameterized supernova
synthetic-spectrum code SYNOW are compared to photospheric-phase spectra of
Type Ib supernovae (SNe Ib). Although the synthetic spectra are based on many
simplifying approximations, including spherical symmetry, they account well for
the observed spectra. Our sample of SNe Ib obeys a tight relation between the
velocity at the photosphere, as determined from the Fe II features, and the
time relative to that of maximum light. From this we infer that the masses and
the kinetic energies of the events in this sample were similar. After maximum
light the minimum velocity at which the He I features form usually is higher
than the velocity at the photosphere, but the minimum velocity of the ejected
helium is at least as low as 7000 kms. Previously unpublished spectra of SN
2000H reveal the presence of hydrogen absorption features, and we conclude that
hydrogen lines also were present in SNe 1999di and 1954A. Hydrogen appears to
be present in SNe Ib in general, although in most events it becomes too weak to
identify soon after maximum light. The hydrogen-line optical depths that we use
to fit the spectra of SNe 2000H, 1999di, and 1954A are not high, so only a mild
reduction in the hydrogen optical depths would be required to make these events
look like typical SNe Ib. Similarly, the He I line optical depths are not very
high, so a moderate reduction would make SNe Ib look like SNe Ic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127635 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic neutrino background from very young pulsars surrounded by


  We estimate the extragalactic muon neutrino background which is produced by
hadrons injected by very young pulsars at an early phase after supernova
explosion. It is assumed that hadrons are accelerated in the pulsar wind zone
which is filled with thermal photons captured below the expanding supernova
envelope. In collisions with those thermal photons hadrons produce pions which
decay into muon neutrinos. At a later time, muon neutrinos are also produced by
the hadrons in collisions with matter of the expanding envelope. We show that
extragalactic neutrino background predicted by such a model should be
detectable by the planned 1 km$^2$ neutrino detector if a significant part of
pulsars is born with periods shorter than $\sim 10$ ms. Since such population
of pulsars is postulated by the recent models of production of extremely high
energy cosmic rays, detection of neutrinos with predicted fluxes can be used as
their observational test.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4694 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Bulk Sensitive Photoemission Study of the


  We present the first well resolved high photon energy bulk sensitive
photoemission spectra for all phases of (V,Cr)2O3 and compare them in detail to
recent LDA+DMFT theory. We find for the metal phase impressive general
agreement that is sufficient to warrant quantitative optimization of the theory
parameters, but for the paramagnetic insulating phase considerable differences
which may not be fully explained by the high temperature of the calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114135 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Electron Facility for Education and Research at Hiroshima


  The Relativistic Electron Facility for Education and Research (REFER) at
Hiroshima University accepts a 150 MeV electron beam from a microtron, the
injector to the 700 MeV storage ring of the Hiroshima Synchrotron Research
Center, and keep it circulating for 2.5ms without a RF acceleration. It acts as
a beam stretcher and has been used for the following researches: 1) X-ray
generation from an internal multiple foil crystalline target due to the
parametric X-radiation (PXR) and the resonant transition radiation (RTR). 2)
Laser backward Compton scattering. 3) Coherent pair creation from Si crystal by
150 MeV bremsstrahlung. 4) Study of the Ter-Mikaelian effect in the low energy
part of the bremsstrahlung in an extracted electron line. 5) A novel scheme of
beam stabilization by the induction coil. This paper reports the experimental
results and the current status of the REFER electron ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6150 </DOCNO>
Optical conductivity in the CuO double chains of PrBa_2Cu_4O_8:


  We calculate the optical conductivity of the CuO double chains of
PrBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ by the mean-field approximation for the coupled two-chain
Hubbard model around quarter filling. We show that the $\sim$40 meV peak
structure, spectral shape, and small Drude weight observed in experiment are
reproduced well by the present calculation provided that the stripe-type charge
ordering presents. We argue that the observed anomalous optical response may be
due to the presence of stripe-type fluctuations of charge carriers in the CuO
double chains; the fast time scale of the optical measurement should enable one
to detect slowly fluctuating order parameters as virtually a long-range order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96954 </DOCNO>
Erratum to the paper: Compact hyperkaehler manifolds: basic results


  This is an Erratum to the paper: Compact hyperkaehler manifolds: basic
results. (alg-geom/9705025, Inv. math. 135). We give a correct proof of the
projectivity criterion for hyperkaehler manifolds. We use a recent result of
Demailly and Paun math.AG/0105176.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76139 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Signals of Anomaly Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking


  Diagnostic signals of the minimal model of anomaly mediated supersymmetry
breaking are discussed in the context of a $\sqrt{s}$ = 1 TeV $e^+e^-$ linear
collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4321 </DOCNO>
Epitaxy and Magneto-transport properties of the diluted magnetic


  We report on the MBE-growth and magnetotransport properties of p-type BeMnTe,
a new ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor. BeMnTe thin film structures
can be grown almost lattice matched to GaAs for Mn concentrations up to 10%
using solid source MBE. A high p-type doping with nitrogen can be achieved by
using an RF-plasma source. BeMnTe and BeTe layers have been characterized by
magneto-transport measurements. At low temperatures, the BeMnTe samples exhibit
a large anomalous Hall effect. A hysteresis in the anomalous Hall effect
appears below 2.5K in the most heavily doped sample, which indicates the
occurrence of a ferromagnetic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148263 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories


  I briefly review how supersymmetry helps in the extraction of exact
nonperturbative information from field theories, and then discuss some open
problems in strongly coupled gauge theories. (Talk given at ``30 Years of
Supersymmetry'' symposium in Minneapolis, Minnesota on October 15, 2000.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113496 </DOCNO>
Quasilinearization Approach to Nonlinear Problems in Physics with


  The general conditions under which the quadratic, uniform and monotonic
convergence in the quasilinearization method of solving nonlinear ordinary
differential equations could be proved are formulated and elaborated. The
generalization of the proof to partial differential equations is straight
forward. The method, whose mathematical basis in physics was discussed recently
by one of the present authors (VBM), approximates the solution of a nonlinear
differential equation by treating the nonlinear terms as a perturbation about
the linear ones, and unlike perturbation theories is not based on the existence
of some kind of a small parameter.
  It is shown that the quasilinearization method gives excellent results when
applied to different nonlinear ordinary differential equations in physics, such
as the Blasius, Duffing, Lane-Emden and Thomas-Fermi equations. The first few
quasilinear iterations already provide extremely accurate and numerically
stable answers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125346 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectroscopy of BAL and Mini-BAL QSOs


  BAL QSOs are notoriously faint X-ray sources, presumably due to extreme
intrinsic absorption. However, several objects have begun to appear through the
obscuration with recent X-ray observations by Chandra and ASCA. Where enough
counts are present for X-ray spectroscopy, the signatures of absorption are
clear. The evidence is also mounting that the absorbers are more complicated
than previous simple models assumed; current absorber models need to be
extended to the high-luminosity, high-velocity, and high-ionization regime
appropriate for BAL QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 312 </DOCNO>
Pulling hairpinned polynucleotide chains: Does base-pair stacking


  Force-induced structural transitions both in relatively random and in
designed single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) chains are studied theoretically. At high
salt conditions, ssDNA forms compacted hairpin patterns stabilized by
base-pairing and base-pair stacking interactions, and a threshold external
force is needed to pull the hairpinned structure into a random coiled one. The
base-pair stacking interaction in the ssDNA chain makes this hairpin-coil
conversion a discontinuous (first-order) phase transition process characterized
by a force plateau in the force-extension curve, while lowering this potential
below some critical level turns this transition into continuous (second-order)
type, no matter how strong the base-pairing interaction is. The phase diagram
(including hairpin-I, -II, and random coil) is discussed as a function of
stacking potential and external force. These results are in quantitative
agreement with recent experimental observations of different ssDNA sequences,
and they reveal the necessity to consider the base-pair stacking interactions
in order to understand the structural formation of RNA, a polymer designed by
nature itself. The theoretical method used may be extended to study the
long-range interaction along double-stranded DNA caused by the topological
constraint of fixed linking number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74841 </DOCNO>
The rare top decay $t\to c g$ in topcolor assisted technicolor models


  In the framework of topcolor-assisted technicolor(TC2) models, we calculate
the contributions of flavor changing scalar couplings involved the neutral
top-pion $\pi_{t}^{0}$ and top-Higgs $h_{t}^{0}$ to the branching ratio
$B_{r}(t\longrightarrow cg)$. We find that the value of $B_{r}(t\longrightarrow
cg)$ can reach $ 1\times10^{-3}$ with reasonable values of the parameters in
TC2 models, which may be testable in the future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124425 </DOCNO>
Spatial analysis of solar type III events associated with narrow band


  The spatial association of narrow band metric radio spikes with type III
bursts is analyzed. The analysis addresses the question of a possible causal
relation between the spike emission and the acceleration of the energetic
electrons causing the type III burst. The spikes are identified by the
Phoenix-2 spectrometer (ETH Zurich) from survey solar observations in the
frequency range from 220 MHz to 530 MHz. Simultaneous spatial information was
provided by the Nancay Radioheliograph (NRH) at several frequencies. Five
events were selected showing spikes at one or two and type III bursts at two or
more Nancay frequencies. The 3-dimensional geometry of the single events has
been reconstructed by applying different coronal density models. As a working
hypothesis it is assumed that emission at the plasma frequency or its harmonic
is the responsible radiation process for the spikes as well as for the type III
bursts. It has been found that the spike source location is consistent with the
backward extrapolation of the trajectory of the type III bursts, tracing a
magnetic field line. In one of the analyzed events, type III bursts with two
different trajectories originating from the same spike source could be
identified. These findings support the hypothesis that narrow band metric
spikes are closely related to the acceleration region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124634 </DOCNO>
Quintessence and the first Doppler peak


  By using a tracking quintessence model we obtain that the position of the
first Doppler peak in the spectrum of CMB anisotropies only depends on the
topology of the universe, $\Omega_k$, for any value of the ratio
$\Omega_{\Lambda}/\Omega_M$, so that such a dependence is perfectly valid in
the range suggested by supernova observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128704 </DOCNO>
Inferring the Linear Power Spectrum from the Lyman-alpha Forest


  We discuss the determination of the linear power spectrum of dark matter
fluctuations from measurements of the transmitted flux Ly-alpha Forest power
spectrum. We show that at most scales probed by current measurements, the flux
power spectrum is significantly affected by non-linear corrections to the
linear dark matter power spectrum due to gravitational clustering. Inferring
the linear dark matter power spectrum shape is therefore difficult due to
non-linear corrections driving the non-linear power spectrum to a k^{-1.4}
shape nearly independent of initial conditions. We argue that some methods used
in previous estimates underestimate the uncertainties in the shape of the
linear dark matter power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83568 </DOCNO>
Non-convex cost functionals in boosting algorithms and methods for panel


  In this document we propose a new improvement for boosting techniques as
proposed in Friedman '99 by the use of non-convex cost functional. The idea is
to introduce a correlation term to better deal with forecasting of additive
time series. The problem is discussed in a theoretical way to prove the
existence of minimizing sequence, and in a numerical way to propose a new
"ArgMin" algorithm. The model has been used to perform the touristic presence
forecast for the winter season 1999/2000 in Trentino (italian Alps).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113621 </DOCNO>
Hyperfine splitting of $2^3S_1$ state in He$^3$


  Relativistic corrections to the hyperfine splitting are calculated for the
triplet $2^3S_1$ state of the helium isotope He$^3$. High precision variational
wave functions are employed, where the electron-electron correlations are well
accounted for. Due to the unknown nuclear structure a comparison with the
experimental result is performed via He$^{3+}$ hyperfine splitting.
Surprisingly, the second order contribution due to Fermi interaction, in spite
of the additional small factor $m/M$, is very significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 626 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Structure of Heavy Fermion Ce2RhIn8


  Magnetic structure of the heavy fermion antiferromagnet Ce2RhIn8 is
determined using neutron diffraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5742 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics "beyond" local equilibrium


  Nonequilibrium thermodynamics has shown its applicability in a wide variety
of different situations pertaining to fields such as physics, chemistry,
biology, and engineering. As successful as it is, however, its current
formulation considers only systems close to equilibrium --those satisfying the
so-called local equilibrium hypothesis. Here we show that diffusion processes
that occur far away from equilibrium can be viewed as at local equilibrium in a
space that includes all the relevant variables in addition to the spatial
coordinate. In this way, nonequilibrium thermodynamics can be used and the
difficulties and ambiguities associated with the lack of a thermodynamic
description disappear. We analyze explicitly the inertial effects in diffusion
and outline how the main ideas can be applied to other situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7160 </DOCNO>
Why Decoherence has not Solved the Measurement Problem: A Response to P.


  We discuss why, contrary to claims recently made by P. W. Anderson,
decoherence has not solved the quantum measurement problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98541 </DOCNO>
Operator amenability of Fourier-Stieltjes algebras


  The notion of operator amenability was introduced by Z.-J. Ruan in 1995. He
showed that a locally compact group G is amenable if and only if its Fourier
algebra A(G) is operator amenable. In this paper, we investigate the operator
amenability of the Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B(G) and of the reduced
Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B_r(G). The natural conjecture is that any of these
algebras is operator amenable if and only if G is compact. We partially prove
this conjecture with mere operator amenability replaced by operator
C-amenability for some constant C < 5. In the process, we obtain a new
decomposition of B(G), which can be interpreted as the non-commutative
counterpart of the decomposition of M(G) into the discrete and the continuous
measures. We further introduce a variant of operator amenability - called
operator Connes-amenability - which also takes the dual space structure on B(G)
and B_r(G) into account. We show that B_r(G) is operator Connes-amenable if and
only if G is amenable. Surprisingly, B(F_2) is operator Connes-amenable
although F_2, the free group in two generators, fails to be amenable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 439 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Theory of Superconductivity


  The relativistic generalization of the theory of superconductivity is
reviewed with respect to its conceptual basis and first applications. The
construction of relativistically covariant order parameters for superconductors
is outlined and the generalization of the Dirac equation for the
superconducting state is presented. A weakly relativistic expansion of this
equation leads to the Pauli equation for superconductors, which describes the
lowest-order relativistic corrections to the conventional theory of
superconductivity. The physics of these corrections is discussed, and the
prospects for experimental detection of relativistic effects in superconductors
are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4328 </DOCNO>
Conformations of Proteins in Equilibrium


  We introduce a simple theoretical approach for an equilibrium study of
proteins with known native state structures. We test our approach with results
on well-studied globular proteins, Chymotrypsin Inhibitor (2ci2), Barnase and
the alpha spectrin SH3 domain and present evidence for a hierarchical onset of
order on lowering the temperature with significant organization at the local
level even at high temperatures. A further application to the folding process
of HIV-1 protease shows that the model can be reliably used to identify key
folding sites that are responsible for the development of drug resistance .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5228 </DOCNO>
Multifractal Analysis of Turbulence by Statistics based on Non-Extensive


  An analytical expression of probability density function (PDF) of velocity
fluctuation is derived with the help of the statistics based on generalized
entropy (the Tsallis entropy or the R\'{e}nyi entropy). It is revealed that the
derived PDF explains the detailed structure of experimentally observed PDF as
well as the scaling exponents of velocity structure function. Every parameters
appeared in the analysis, including the index proper to the Tsallis entropy or
the R\'{e}nyi entropy, are determined, self-consistently, by making use of
observed value of intermittency exponent. The experiments conducted by Lewis
and Swinney (1999) are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5508 </DOCNO>
Gate-controlled spin polarized current in ferromagnetic single electron


  We theoretically investigate spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic/normal
metal/ferromagnetic single electron transistors by applying master equation
calculations using a two dimensional space of states involving spin and charge
degrees of freedom. When the magnetizations of ferromagnetic leads are in
anti-parallel alignment, the spins accumulate in the island and a difference of
chemical potentials of the two spins is built up. This shift in chemical
potential acts as charge offset in the island and alternates the gate
dependence of spin current. Taking advantage of this effect, one can control
the polarization of current up to the polarization of lead by tuning gate
voltages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40705 </DOCNO>
Prospects for low-energy antiproton physics at Fermilab


  Fermilab has long had the world's most intense antiproton source, but the
opportunities for medium-energy antiproton physics have been limited, and those
for low-energy antiproton physics nonexistent. The conclusion of E835 brings
this era to an end. While the future of antiproton physics at Fermilab remains
highly uncertain, developments are occurring that may lead to a low-energy
program within the next several years, with the possibility of an improved
medium-energy program thereafter. These issues were considered at the recent
$\bar{p}2000$ Workshop at Illinois Institute of Technology. I summarize the
current status of the Fermilab antiproton facility, review hyperon {\em CP}
violation as an example of the physics that might be achievable, and discuss
future possibilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149655 </DOCNO>
Chiral Fermions from Manifolds of $G_2$ Holonomy


  M-theory compactification on a manifold X of $G_2$ holonomy can give chiral
fermions in four dimensions only if X is singular. A number of examples of
conical singularities that give chiral fermions are known; the present paper is
devoted to describing some additional examples. In some of them, the physics
can be determined but the metric is not known explicitly, while in others the
metric can be described explicitly but the physics is more challenging to
understand.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74052 </DOCNO>
Status of the Hadronic Contribution to the Muon (g-2) Value


  With the recent interest in the measured and standard model values of the
muon anomalous magnetic moment, a_mu, some confusion has arisen concerning our
knowledge of the hadronic contribution to a_mu. In the dispersion integral
approach to hadronic vacuum polarization effects, low energy contributions must
be evaluated from data or in a model-dependent approach tested by data. At
higher energies perturbative QCD has been used, sometimes in conjunction with
data. The history of such evaluations is reviewed, and the prospects for
further improvement are discussed. We conclude that not all published
evaluations are on an equal footing or up-to-date. One must critically examine
which, and how much information went into each analysis in order to determine
which are more complete, and reliable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2956 </DOCNO>
Metabolically Efficient Information Processing


  Energy efficient information transmission may be relevant to biological
sensory signal processing as well as to low power electronic devices. We
explore its consequences in two different regimes. In an ``immediate'' regime,
we argue that the information rate should be maximized subject to a power
constraint, while in an ``exploratory'' regime, the transmission rate per power
cost should be maximized. In the absence of noise, discrete inputs are
optimally encoded into Boltzmann distributed output symbols. In the exploratory
regime, the partition function of this distribution is numerically equal to 1.
The structure of the optimal code is strongly affected by noise in the
transmission channel. The Arimoto-Blahut algorithm, generalized for cost
constraints, can be used to derive and interpret the distribution of symbols
for optimal energy efficient coding in the presence of noise. We outline the
possibilities and problems in extending our results to information coding and
transmission in neurobiological systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86550 </DOCNO>
Spinor Field in Bianchi type-I Universe: regular solutions


  Self-consistent solutions to the nonlinear spinor field equations in General
Relativity has been studied for the case of Bianchi type-I (B-I) space-time. It
has been shown that, for some special type of nonliearity the model provides
regular solution, but this singularity-free solutions are attained at the cost
of broken dominant energy condition in Hawking-Penrose theorem. It has also
been shown that the introduction of $\Lambda$-term in the Lagrangian generates
oscillations of the B-I model, which is not the case in absence of $\Lambda$
term. Moreover, for the linear spinor field, the $\Lambda$ term provides
oscillatory solutions, those are regular everywhere, without violating dominant
energy condition.
  Key words: Nonlinear spinor field (NLSF), Bianch type -I model
(B-I), $\Lambda$ term
  PACS 98.80.C Cosmology

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5134 </DOCNO>
Quantum criticality, universality and duality of the plateau-insulator


  We revisit the plateau-insulator transition in the quantum Hall regime, taken
from a low mobility InGaAs/InP heterostructure. We report the results of a
novel procedure that enables one to disentangle the universal quantum critical
aspects of the magnetoresistance data (critical indices, scaling functions) and
the sample dependent aspects due to macroscopic inhomogeneities. We show that
the previously established value for the critical index (kappa = 0.42) was the
result of an admixture of both universal and sample dependent behavior. We
obtain a new experimental value (kappa = 0.57) and verify the duality relation
as obtained from the Chern Simons flux attachment transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149902 </DOCNO>
Massive Gravity on a Non-extremal Brane


  We consider a brane world scenario which arises as the near-horizon region of
a non-extremal D5-brane. There is a quasi-localized massive graviton mode, as
well as harmonic modes of higher mass which are bound to the brane to a lesser
degree. Lorentz invariance is slightly broken, which may have observable
effects due to the leakage of the metastable graviton states into the bulk.
Unlike a brane world arising from an extremal D5-brane, there is no mass gap.
We also find that a brane world arising from a non-extremal M5/M5-brane
intersection has the same graviton dynamics as that of a non-extremal D5-brane.
This is evidence that a previously conjectured duality relation between the
dual quantum field theories of each p-brane background may hold away from
extremality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1601 </DOCNO>
Transition temperature of a dilute homogeneous imperfect Bose gas


  The leading-order effect of interactions on a homogeneous Bose gas is
theoretically predicted to shift the critical temperature by an amount
\Delta\Tc = # a_{scatt} n^{1/3} T_0 from the ideal gas result T_0, where
a_{scatt} is the scattering length and n is the density. There have been
several different theoretical estimates for the numerical coefficient #. We
claim to settle the issue by measuring the numerical coefficient in a lattice
simulation of O(2) phi^4 field theory in three dimensions---an effective theory
which, as observed previously in the literature, can be systematically matched
to the dilute Bose gas problem to reproduce non-universal quantities such as
the critical temperature. We find # = 1.32 +- 0.02.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 43 </DOCNO>
A Statistical Analysis of Log-Periodic Precursors to Financial Crashes


  Motivated by the hypothesis that financial crashes are macroscopic examples
of critical phenomena associated with a discrete scaling symmetry, we
reconsider the evidence of log-periodic precursors to financial crashes and
test the prediction that log-periodic oscillations in a financial index are
embedded in the mean function of this index. In particular, we examine the
first differences of the logarithm of the S&P 500 prior to the October 87 crash
and find the log-periodic component of this time series is not statistically
significant if we exclude the last year of data before the crash. We also
examine the claim that two separate mechanisms are responsible for draw downs
in the S&P 500 and find the evidence supporting this claim to be unconvincing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76629 </DOCNO>
Associated neutralino-neutralino-photon production at NLC


  We study the potential of an $e^+e^-$ linear collider to search for
neutralino-neutralino-photon production. Our analysis shows that this signal is
not viable under realistic expectations for electron beam polarization due to
large Standard Model backgrounds. Such a search would be possible only if beam
polarizations of near 100% could be achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127731 </DOCNO>
Infrared Classification of L and T Dwarfs


  We use new and published medium resolution 0.6--2.5 $\mu$m spectra of L and T
dwarfs to develop a unified classification system for both of these new
spectral classes. Two indices of the system at 1.2 $\mu$m and 1.5 $\mu$m are
based on nearby absorption bands of water vapor and two are associated with
methane bands near 1.6 $\mu$m and 2.2 $\mu$m. The 1.5 $\mu$m index is monotonic
through the L and T sequences, and forms the backbone of the system; the
indices for the other bands provide extensive, but only partial, coverage. We
correlate the 1.5 $\mu$m index with continuum indices shortward of 1 $\mu$m
devised by others for classifying L dwarfs, in order to obtain a tight link
between optical and infrared classifications. Our proposed system defines ten
spectral subclasses for L (L0--L9) and nine for T (T0--T8). The boundary
between L and T is defined to be the onset of absorption by methane in the H
band. Methane absorption in the K band near 2.2 $\mu$m is found to begin
approximately at L8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 549 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of a conservation law in incommensurate systems


  We show that invariance properties of the Lagrangian of an incommensurate
system, as described by the Frenkel Kontorova model, imply the existence of a
generalized angular momentum which is an integral of motion if the system
remains floating. The behavior of this quantity can therefore monitor the
character of the system as floating (when it is conserved) or locked (when it
is not). We find that, during the dynamics, the non-linear couplings of our
model cause parametric phonon excitations which lead to the appearance of
Umklapp terms and to a sudden deviation of the generalized momentum from a
constant value, signalling a dynamical transition from a floating to a pinned
state. We point out that this transition is related but does not coincide with
the onset of sliding friction which can take place when the system is still
floating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126537 </DOCNO>
Testing the effective scale of Quantum Gravity with the next generation


  The actual potential of the next generation of Gamma Ray Telescopes in
improving the existing tests of an effective Quantum Gravity scale from the
study of the propagation delay for gamma rays of different energies coming from
a distant astrophysical source is discussed. It is shown that the existence of
a cosmological Gamma Ray Horizon, will impose very demanding conditions on the
observations of the telescopes to try to test a Quantum Gravity scale close to
the Planck mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128584 </DOCNO>
X-ray Evidence for Spectroscopic Diversity of Type Ia Supernovae: XMM


  We present the results of a detailed element abundance study of hot gas in
M87, observed by XMM-Newton. We choose two radial bins, 1'-3' and 8'-16'
(8'-14' for EMOS; hereafter the central and the outer zones), where the
temperature is almost constant, to carry out the detailed abundance
measurements of O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe and Ni using EPIC-PN (EPN) and
-MOS (EMOS) data. First, we find that the element abundance pattern in the
central compared to the outer zone in M87 is characterized by SN Ia enrichment
of a high (roughly solar) ratio of Si-group elements (Si, S, Ar, Ca) to Fe,
implying that Si burning in SN Ia is highly incomplete. In nucleosynthesis
modeling this is associated with either a lower density of the
deflagration-detonation transition and/or lower C/O and/or lower central
ignition density and observationally detected as optically subluminous SNe Ia
in early-type galaxies. Second, we find that SN Ia enrichment has a
systematically lower ratio of the Si-group elements to Fe by 0.2 dex in the
outer zone associated with the ICM of the Virgo cluster. We find that such a
ratio and even lower values by another 0.1 dex are a characteristic of the ICM
in many clusters using observed Si:S:Fe ratios as found with ASCA. Third, the
Ni/Fe ratio in the central zone of M87 is 1.5+/-0.3 solar (meteoritic), while
values around 3 times solar are reported for other clusters. In modeling of SN
Ia, this implies a reduced influence of fast deflagration SN Ia models in the
chemical enrichment of M87's ISM. Thus, to describe the SN Ia metal enrichment
in clusters, both deflagration as well as delayed detonation scenarios are
required, supporting a similar conclusion, derived from optical studies on SNe
Ia. Abridged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126954 </DOCNO>
Identification of a strong emission line at 2.8935 mu in the spectrum of


  A strong emission line at 2.8935 mu discovered by Rubin et al. (2001) in an
ISO SWS02 spectrum of the Orion Nebula is identified as the 4p - 4s multiplet
of the O I triplets. Line formation is due to de-excitation cascades following
UV-pumping of high triplet terms and occurs in the O I zone immediately behind
the Hydrogen ionization front. This cascade mechanism also accounts for
permitted O I triplet lines in the optical spectrum (Grandi 1975). An escape
probability treatment of the O I cascades accounts for the strength of the 2.89
mu line and suggests interesting diagnostic possibilities for the optical
lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 188 </DOCNO>
Molecular Dynamics Study of the Nematic-Isotropic Interface


  We present large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of a nematic-isotropic
interface in a system of repulsive ellipsoidal molecules, focusing in
particular on the capillary wave fluctuations of the interfacial position. The
interface anchors the nematic phase in a planar way, i.e., the director aligns
parallel to the interface. Capillary waves in the direction parallel and
perpendicular to the director are considered separately. We find that the
spectrum is anisotropic, the amplitudes of capillary waves being larger in the
direction perpendicular to the director. In the long wavelength limit, however,
the spectrum becomes isotropic and compares well with the predictions of a
simple capillary wave theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75715 </DOCNO>
Lower Limits on Soft Supersymmetry-Breaking Scalar Masses


  Working in the context of the CMSSM, we argue that phenomenological
constraints now require the universal soft supersymmetry-breaking scalar mass
m_0 be non-zero at the input GUT scale. This conclusion is primarily imposed by
the LEP lower limit on the Higgs mass and the requirement that the lightest
supersymmetric particle not be charged. We find that m_0 > 0 for all tan beta
if mu < 0, and m_0 = 0 may be allowed for mu > 0 only when tan beta sim 8 and
one allows an uncertainty of 3+ GeV in the theoretical calculation of the Higgs
mass. Upper limits on flavour-changing neutral interactions in the MSSM squark
sector allow substantial violations of non-universality in the m_0 values, even
if their magnitudes are comparable to the lower limit we find in the CMSSM.
Also, we show that our lower limit on m_0 at the GUT scale in the CMSSM is
compatible with the no-scale boundary condition m_0 = 0 at the Planck scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97125 </DOCNO>
Etale realization on the A^1-homotopy theory of schemes


  We compare Friedlander's definition of etale homotopy for simplicial schemes
to another definition involving homotopy colimits of pro-simplicial sets. This
can be expressed as a notion of hypercover descent for etale homotopy. We use
this result to construct a homotopy invariant functor from the category of
simplicial presheaves on the etale site of schemes over S to the category of
pro-spaces. After completing away from the characteristics of the residue
fields of S, we get a functor from the Morel-Voevodsky A^1-homotopy category of
schemes to the homotopy category of pro-spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113395 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen atom in a magnetic field: The quadrupole moment


  The quadrupole moment of a hydrogen atom in a magnetic field for field
strengths from 0 to 4.414e13 G is calculated by two different methods. The
first method is variational, and based on a single trial function. The second
method deals with a solution of the Schroedinger equation in the form of a
linear combination of Landau orbitals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5244 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a faceted nematic-smectic B front in thin-sample directional


  We present an experimental study of the directional-solidification patterns
of a nematic - smectic B front. The chosen system is C_4H_9-(C_6H_{10})_2CN (in
short, CCH4) in 12 \mu m-thick samples, and in the planar configuration
(director parallel to the plane of the sample). The nematic - smectic B
interface presents a facet in one direction -- the direction parallel to the
smectic layers -- and is otherwise rough, and devoid of forbidden directions.
We measure the Mullins-Sekerka instability threshold and establish the
morphology diagram of the system as a function of the solidification rate V and
the angle theta_{0} between the facet and the isotherms. We focus on the
phenomena occurring immediately above the instability threshold when theta_{0}
is neither very small nor close to 90^{o}. Under these conditions we observe
drifting shallow cells and a new type of solitary wave, called "faceton", which
consists essentially of an isolated macroscopic facet traveling laterally at
such a velocity that its growth rate with respect to the liquid is small.
Facetons may propagate either in a stationary, or an oscillatory way. The
detailed study of their dynamics casts light on the microscopic growth
mechanisms of the facets in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174620 </DOCNO>
Three-body correlations in Borromean halo nuclei


  Three-body correlations in the dissociation of two-neutron halo nuclei are
explored using a technique based on intensity interferometry and Dalitz plots.
This provides for the combined treatment of both the n-n and core-n
interactions in the exit channel. As an example, the breakup of 14Be into
12Be+n+n by Pb and C targets has been analysed and the halo n-n separation
extracted. A finite delay between the emission of the neutrons in the reaction
on the C target was observed and is attributed to 13Be resonances populated in
sequential breakup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2825 </DOCNO>
Curvature, hybridization, and STM images of carbon nanotubes


  The curvature effects in carbon nanotubes are studied analytically as a
function of chirality. The pi-orbitals are found to be significantly
rehybridized in all tubes, so that they are never normal to the tubes' surface.
This results in a curvature induced gap in the electronic band-structure, which
turns out to be larger than previous estimates. The tilting of the pi-orbitals
should be observable by atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72647 </DOCNO>
Gauge-boson propagator in out of equilibrium quantum-field system and


  We construct from first principles a perturbative framework for studying
nonequilibrium quantum-field systems that include gauge bosons. The system of
our concern is quasiuniform system near equilibrium or nonequilibrium
quasistationary system. We employ the closed-time-path formalism and use the
so-called gradient approximation. No further approximation is introduced. We
construct a gauge-boson propagator, with which a well-defined perturbative
framework is formulated. In the course of construction of the framework, we
obtain the generalized Boltzmann equation (GBE) that describes the evolution of
the number-density functions of gauge-bosonic quasiparticles. The framework
allows us to compute the reaction rate for any process taking place in the
system. Various processes, in turn, cause an evolution of the systems, which is
described by the GBE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126843 </DOCNO>
The Highest Energy Emission Detected by EGRET from Blazars


  Published EGRET spectra from blazars extend only to 10 GeV, yet EGRET has
detected approximately 2000 gamma-rays above 10 GeV of which about half are at
high Galactic latitude. We report a search of these high-energy gamma-rays for
associations with the EGRET and TeV detected blazars. Because the point spread
function of EGRET improves with energy, only ~2 gamma-rays are expected to be
positionally coincident with the 80 blazars searched, yet 23 gamma-rays were
observed. This collection of > 10 GeV sources should be of particular interest
due to the improved sensitivity and lower energy thresholds of ground-based TeV
observatories. One of the blazars, RGB0509+056, has the highest energy
gamma-rays detected by EGRET from any blazar with 2 > 40 GeV, and is a BL Lac
type blazar with unknown redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113619 </DOCNO>
Solution of the two identical ion Penning trap final state


  We have derived a closed form analytic expression for the asymptotic motion
of a pair of identical ions in a high precision Penning trap. The analytic
solution includes the effects of special relativity and the Coulomb interaction
between the ions. The existence and physical relevance of such a final state is
supported by a confluence of theoretical, experimental and numerical evidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149139 </DOCNO>
Dilatonic monopoles and ''hairy'' black holes


  We study gravitating monopoles and non-abelian black holes of SU(2)
Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs theory coupled to a massless dilaton. The domain of
existence of these solutions decreases with increasing dilaton coupling
constant. The critical solutions of this system are Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128370 </DOCNO>
Detection and Measurement from Narrowband Tunable Filter Scans


  The past five years have seen a rapid rise in the use of tunable filters in
many diverse fields of astronomy, through Taurus Tunable Filter (TTF)
instruments at the Anglo-Australian and William Herschel Telescopes. Over this
time we have continually refined aspects of operation and developed a
collection of special techniques to handle the data produced by these novel
imaging instruments. In this paper, we review calibration procedures and
summarize the theoretical basis for Fabry-Perot photometry that is central to
effective tunable imaging. Specific mention is made of object detection and
classification from deep narrowband surveys containing several hundred objects
per field. We also discuss methods for recognizing and dealing with artefacts
(scattered light, atmospheric effects, etc.) which can seriously compromise the
photometric integrity of the data if left untreated. Attention is paid to the
different families of ghost reflections encountered, and strategies to minimise
their presence. In our closing remarks, future directions for tunable imaging
are outlined and contrasted with the Fabry-Perot technology employed in the
current generation of tunable imagers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127597 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich maps and their applications


  We describe a fast method to simulate in a semi-analytical way consistent
maps of the thermal, kinetic and polarised Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, featuring
both cluster spatial correlations and large scale velocity flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123817 </DOCNO>
Polarimetric VLBI observations of 0735+178


  We present a new centimeter polarimetric VLBI image of the BL Lac object
0735+178. This source exhibits one of the most pronounced curvatures observed
in jets of AGNs, with two sharp apparent bends of 90 degrees within the inner 2
milliarcseconds from the core. Through the analysis of the data gathered over
the past decades we study whether this curvature is produced by precession of
the jet with ejection of ballistic components, or a precession in such a way
that components' velocity vector are always parallel to the jet axis. These
possibilities are also studied by comparison with 3D hydrodynamic relativistic
simulations of precessing jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73181 </DOCNO>
Indirect Determination of the Vertex and Angles of the Unitarity


  The values of the elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix are
constrained by direct and indirect measurements. A fit to experimental data and
theory calculations allows the indirect determination of the vertex and angles
of the unitarity triangle as: rho = 0.18 +/- 0.07 eta = 0.35 +/- 0.05 sin
2alpha = 0.14 +0.25 -0.38 sin 2beta = 0.73 +/- 0.07 gamma = 63 +8 -11 degrees.
Information is derived on the presence of CP violation in the matrix, on
non-perturbative QCD parameters and on the Bs oscillation frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98913 </DOCNO>
Well-posedness for the linearized motion of the free surface of a liquid


  We study the problem of the motion of the free surface of a liquid. We prove
existence for the linearized equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6083 </DOCNO>
Model of the mixed state of type-II superconductors in high magnetic


  In superconductors with large values of the Ginzburg-Landau parameter,
exposed to magnetic fields close to the upper critical field, the magnetic
field is practically homogeneous across the sample and the density of
supercurrents is negligibly small. In this case, there is no obvious reason for
the formation of Abrikosov vortices, characteristic for the commonly known
mixed state. We consider an alternative model for describing the mixed state.
We argue that with decreasing magnetic field the traditional vortex structure
is adopted via a first order phase transition, revealed by discontinuities in
the magnetization as well as the resistivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75804 </DOCNO>
Softly broken lepton numbers: an approach to maximal neutrino mixing


  We discuss models where the U(1) symmetries of lepton numbers are responsible
for maximal neutrino mixing. We pay particular attention to an extension of the
Standard Model with three right-handed neutrino singlets in which we require
that the three lepton numbers L_e, L_\mu, and L_\tau be separately conserved in
the Yukawa couplings, but assume that they are softly broken by the Majorana
mass matrix M_R of the neutrino singlets. In this framework, where
lepton-number breaking occurs at a scale much higher than the electroweak
scale, deviations from family lepton number conservation are calculable, i.e.,
finite, and lepton mixing stems exclusively from M_R. We show that in this
framework either maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing or maximal solar neutrino
mixing or both can be imposed by invoking symmetries. In this way those maximal
mixings are stable against radiative corrections. The model which achieves
maximal (or nearly maximal) solar neutrino mixing assumes that there are two
different scales in M_R and that the lepton number \bar L = L_e - L_\mu -
L_\tau is conserved in between them. We work out the difference between this
model and the conventional scenario where (approximate) \bar L invariance is
imposed directly on the mass matrix of the light neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86310 </DOCNO>
The Inverse Scale Factor in Isotropic Quantum Geometry


  The inverse scale factor, which in classical cosmological models diverges at
the singularity, is quantized in isotropic models of loop quantum cosmology by
using techniques which have been developed in quantum geometry for a
quantization of general relativity. This procedure results in a bounded
operator which is diagonalizable simultaneously with the volume operator and
whose eigenvalues are determined explicitly. For large scale factors (in fact,
up to a scale factor slightly above the Planck length) the eigenvalues are
close to the classical expectation, whereas below the Planck length there are
large deviations leading to a non-diverging behavior of the inverse scale
factor even though the scale factor has vanishing eigenvalues. This is a first
indication that the classical singularity is better behaved in loop quantum
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148692 </DOCNO>
Linear and nonlinear realizations of superbranes


  The coordinate transformations which establish the direct relationship
between the actions of linear and nonlinear realizations of supermembranes are
proposed. It is shown that the Rocek-Tseytlin constraint known in the framework
of the linear realization of the theory is simply equivalent to a limit of a
"pure" nonlinear realization in which the field describing the massive mode of
the supermembrane puts to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149577 </DOCNO>
Generalized Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics and Reflectionless Fermion


  We study static fermion bags in the 1+1 dimensional Gross-Neveu and
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models. It has been known, from the work of Dashen,
Hasslacher and Neveu (DHN), followed by Shei's work, in the 1970's, that the
self-consistent static fermion bags in these models are reflectionless. The
works of DHN and of Shei were based on inverse scattering theory. Several years
ago, we offered an alternative argument to establish the reflectionless nature
of these fermion bags, which was based on analysis of the spatial asymptotic
behavior of the resolvent of the Dirac operator in the background of a static
bag, subjected to the appropriate boundary conditions. We also calculated the
masses of fermion bags based on the resolvent and the Gelfand-Dikii identity.
Based on arguments taken from a certain generalized one dimensional
supersymmetric quantum mechanics, which underlies the spectral theory of these
Dirac operators, we now realize that our analysis of the asymptotic behavior of
the resolvent was incomplete. We offer here a critique of our asymptotic
argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113989 </DOCNO>
Mean flow in hexagonal convection: stability and nonlinear dynamics


  Weakly nonlinear hexagon convection patterns coupled to mean flow are
investigated within the framework of coupled Ginzburg-Landau equations. The
equations are in particular relevant for non-Boussinesq Rayleigh-B\'enard
convection at low Prandtl numbers. The mean flow is found to (1) affect only
one of the two long-wave phase modes of the hexagons and (2) suppress the
mixing between the two phase modes. As a consequence, for small Prandtl numbers
the transverse and the longitudinal phase instability occur in sufficiently
distinct parameter regimes that they can be studied separately. Through the
formation of penta-hepta defects, they lead to different types of transient
disordered states. The results for the dynamics of the penta-hepta defects shed
light on the persistence of grain boundaries in such disordered states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125157 </DOCNO>
Study of star formation in RCW 106 using far infrared observations


  High resolution far-infrared observations of a large area of the star forming
complex RCW 106 obtained using the TIFR 1-metre balloon-borne telescope are
presented. Intensity maps have been obtained simultaneously in two bands
centred around 150 & 210 micron. Intensity maps have also been obtained at the
4 IRAS bands using HIRES processed IRAS data. From the 150 & 210 micron maps,
reliable maps of dust temperature and optical depth have been generated. The
star formation in this complex has occured in five linear subclumps. Using the
map at 210 micron, which has a spatial resolution superior to that of the IRAS
at 100 micron, 23 sources have been identified. The SED and luminosity of these
sources have been determined using the associations wit hthe IRAS maps.
Luminosity distribution of these sources has been obtained. Assuming these
embedded sources to be ZAMS stars and using the mass-luminosity relation, the
power law slope of the Initial Mass Function is found to be -1.73+-0.5. This
index for this very young complex is about the same as that for more evolved
complexes and clusters. Radiation transfer calculations in spherical geometry
have been undertaken to fit the SEDs of 13 sources with fluxes in both the TIFR
and IRAS bands. From this, the r^-2 density distribution in the envelopes is
ruled out. Finally, a correlation is seen between the luminosity of embedded
sources and the computed dust masses of the envelopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148542 </DOCNO>
On Noncommutative Multi-solitons


  We find the moduli space of multi-solitons in noncommutative scalar field
theories at large theta, in arbitrary dimension. The existence of a non-trivial
moduli space at leading order in 1/theta is a consequence of a Bogomolnyi bound
obeyed by the kinetic energy of the theta=infinity solitons. In two spatial
dimensions, the parameter space for k solitons is a Kahler de-singularization
of the symmetric product (R^2)^k/S_k. We exploit the existence of this moduli
space to construct solitons on quotient spaces of the plane: R^2/Z_k, cylinder,
and T^2. However, we show that tori of area less than or equal to (2 pi theta)
do not admit stable solitons. In four dimensions the moduli space provides an
explicit Kahler resolution of (R^4)^k/S_k. In general spatial dimension, 2d, we
show it is isomorphic to the Hilbert scheme of k points in C^d, which for d > 2
(and k > 2) is not smooth and can have multiple branches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 116 </DOCNO>
Virial coefficients and equations of state for mixtures of hard discs,


  The composition-independent virial coefficients of a $d$-dimensional binary
mixture of (additive) hard hyperspheres following from a recent proposal for
the equation of state of the mixture [Santos, A., Yuste, S. B., and L\'opez de
Haro, M., 1999, Molec. Phys., 96, 1] are examined. Good agreement between
theoretical estimates and available exact or numerical results is found for
$d=2$, 3, 4 and 5, except for mixtures whose components are very disparate in
size. A slight modification that remedies this deficiency is introduced and the
resummation of the associated virial series is carried out, leading to a new
proposal for the equation of state. The case of binary hard-sphere mixtures
($d=3$) is analyzed in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74744 </DOCNO>
The cosmological constant and an oscillating metric


  We show how a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ may drive high frequency
oscillations in the metric, with an amplitude proportional to $\sqrt\Lambda$
and a frequency of order the Planck scale. Theories with higher powers of the
curvature in the action typically have solutions of this type. This leads to
the idea that the decay of these oscillations through particle production can
cause a relaxation of an effective $\Lambda$ towards zero. We develop some
aspects of this picture in the context of a warped Kaluza-Klein theory in five
dimensions, which supports a range for the effective 4D $\Lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76255 </DOCNO>
On the modular invariance of mass eigenstates and CP violation


  We investigate the modular transformation properties of observable (light)
fields in heterotic orbifolds, in the light of recent calculations of
CP-violating quantities. Measurable quantities must be modular invariant
functions of string moduli, even if the light fields are noninvariant. We show
that physical invariance may arise by patching smooth functions that are
separately noninvariant. CP violation for <T> on the unit circle, which
requires light and heavy states to mix under transformation, is allowed in
principle, although the Jarlskog parameter J_CP(T) must be amended relative to
previous results. However, a toy model of modular invariant mass terms
indicates that the assumption underlying these results is unrealistic. In
general the mass eigenstate basis is manifestly modular invariant and coupling
constants are smooth invariant functions of T, thus CP is unbroken on the unit
circle. We also discuss the status of CP-odd quantities when CP is a discrete
gauge symmetry, and point out a link with baryogenesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168816 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic Quantum Logic Operations Using Polarizing Beam Splitters


  It has previously been shown that probabilistic quantum logic operations can
be performed using linear optical elements, additional photons (ancilla), and
post-selection based on the output of single-photon detectors. Here we describe
the operation of several quantum logic operations of an elementary nature,
including a quantum parity check and a quantum encoder, and we show how they
can be combined to implement a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate. All of these gates
can be constructed using polarizing beam splitters that completely transmit one
state of polarization and totally reflect the orthogonal state of polarization,
which allows a simple explanation of each operation. We also describe a
polarizing beam splitter implementation of a CNOT gate that is closely
analogous to the quantum teleportation technique previously suggested by
Gottesman and Chuang [Nature 402, p.390 (1999)]. Finally, our approach has the
interesting feature that it makes practical use of a quantum-eraser technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148696 </DOCNO>
Duality of the Fermionic 2d Black Hole and N=2 Liouville Theory as


  We prove the equivalence of the SL(2,R)/U(1) Kazama-Suzuki model, which is a
fermionic generalization of the 2d Black Hole, and N=2 Liouville theory. We
show that this duality is an example of mirror symmetry. The essential part of
the derivation is to realize the fermionic 2d Black Hole as the low energy
limit of a gauged linear sigma-model. Liouville theory is obtained by dualizing
the charged scalar fields and taking into account the vortex-instanton effects,
as proposed recently in non-dilatonic models. The gauged linear sigma-model we
study has many useful generalizations which we briefly discuss. In particular,
we show how to construct a variety of dilatonic superstring backgrounds which
generalize the fermionic 2d Black Hole and admit a mirror description in terms
of Toda-like theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98319 </DOCNO>
The Vanishing of the Theta Function in the KP Direction: a Geometric


  We give a geometric proof of a formula, due to Segal and Wilson, which
describes the order of vanishing of the Riemann theta function in the direction
which corresponds to the direction of the tangent space of a Riemann surface at
a marked point. While this formula appears in the work of Segal and Wilson as a
by-product of some non-trivial constructions from the theory of integrable
systems (loop groups, infinite-dimensional Grassmannians, tau functions, Schur
polynomials, ...) our proof only uses the classical theory of linear systems on
Riemann surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127446 </DOCNO>
A Systematic Study of X-Ray Substructure of Galaxy Clusters Detected in


  Results of a systematic study of substructure in X-ray surface brightness
distributions of a combined sample of 470 REFLEX+BCS clusters of galaxies are
presented. The fully automized morphology analysis is based on data of the 3rd
processing of the ROSAT All-Sky survey (RASS-3). After correction for several
systematic effects, $52\pm 7$ percent of the REFLEX+BCS clusters are found to
be substructured in metric apertures of 1 Mpc radius ($H_0= 50 {\rm km} {\rm
s}^{-1} {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$). Future simulations will show statistically which mass
spectrum of major and minor mergers contributes to this number. Another
important result is the discovery of a substructure-density relation, analogous
to the morphology-density relation for galaxies. Here, clusters with asymmetric
or multi-modal X-ray surface brightness distributions are located
preferentially in regions with higher cluster number densities. The
substructure analyses techniques are used to compare the X-ray morphology of 53
clusters with radio halos and relics, and 22 cooling flow clusters with the
REFLEX+BCS reference sample. After careful equalization of the different
`sensitivities' of the subsamples to substructure detection it is found that
the halo and relic sample tends to show more often multi-modal and elongated
X-ray surface brightness distributions compared to the REFLEX+BCS reference
sample. The cooling flow clusters show more often circular symmetric and
unimodal distributions compared to the REFLEX+BCS and the halo/relic reference
samples. Both findings further support the idea that radio halos and relics are
triggered by merger events, and that pre-existing cooling flows might be
disrupted by recent major mergers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125367 </DOCNO>
New Cosmological Data and the `Best-Fit' FRW Universe


  Observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales are
reviewed. Assuming the Cosmological Principle we then estimate cosmological
parameters by joint analysis of the Cosmic Microwave Background, Supernovae Ia,
peculiar velocities, cluster abundance and redshift surveys. Our results are
consistent with results obtained by other groups, suggesting a best-fit FRW
Universe with $\omegam = 1 -\lambda \approx 0.3$ and $H_0 \approx 75$
km/sec/Mpc. We point out some potential problems with this currently popular
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83929 </DOCNO>
Limits To Certainty in QoS Pricing and Bandwidth


  Advanced services require more reliable bandwidth than currently provided by
the Internet Protocol, even with the reliability enhancements provided by TCP.
More reliable bandwidth will be provided through QoS (quality of service), as
currently discussed widely. Yet QoS has some implications beyond providing
ubiquitous access to advance Internet service, which are of interest from a
policy perspective. In particular, what are the implications for price of
Internet services? Further, how will these changes impact demand and universal
service for the Internet. This paper explores the relationship between
certainty of bandwidth and certainty of price for Internet services over a
statistically shared network and finds that these are mutually exclusive goals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98488 </DOCNO>
EL-labelings, Supersolvability and 0-Hecke Algebra Actions on Posets


  We show that a finite graded lattice of rank n is supersolvable if and only
if it has an EL-labeling where the labels along any maximal chain form a
permutation. We call such a labeling an S_n EL-labeling and we consider finite
graded posets of rank n with unique top and bottom elements that have an S_n
EL-labeling. We describe a type A 0-Hecke algebra action on the maximal chains
of such posets. This action is local and gives a representation of these Hecke
algebras whose character has characteristic that is closely related to
Ehrenborg's flag quasi-symmetric function. We ask what other classes of posets
have such an action and in particular we show that finite graded lattices of
rank n have such an action if and only if they have an S_n EL-labeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113618 </DOCNO>
Complexity Through Nonextensivity


  The problem of defining and studying complexity of a time series has
interested people for years. In the context of dynamical systems, Grassberger
has suggested that a slow approach of the entropy to its extensive asymptotic
limit is a sign of complexity. We investigate this idea further by information
theoretic and statistical mechanics techniques and show that these arguments
can be made precise, and that they generalize many previous approaches to
complexity, in particular unifying ideas from the physics literature with ideas
from learning and coding theory; there are even connections of this statistical
approach to algorithmic or Kolmogorov complexity. Moreover, a set of simple
axioms similar to those used by Shannon in his development of information
theory allows us to prove that the divergent part of the subextensive component
of the entropy is a unique complexity measure. We classify time series by their
complexities and demonstrate that beyond the `logarithmic' complexity classes
widely anticipated in the literature there are qualitatively more complex,
`power--law' classes which deserve more attention.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73223 </DOCNO>
A Note on Wandzura-Wilczek Relations


  Wandzura-Wilczek (WW) relations between matrix-elements of bilocal light-ray
operators have recently regained interest in connection with off-forward
scattering processes. Originally derived for matrix elements over leading-twist
operators, their generalization to off-forward and exclusive processes gets
complicated by the presence of higher-twist operators that are total
derivatives of leading-twist ones and do not contribute to forward-scattering.
We demonstrate that, for exclusive matrix-elements, the inclusion of these
operators into WW-relations is essential for fulfilling constraints imposed by
the conformal symmetry of massless QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2725 </DOCNO>
Theory of asymmetric non-additive binary hard-sphere mixtures


  We show that the formal procedure of integrating out the degrees of freedom
of the small spheres in a binary hard-sphere mixture works equally well for
non-additive as it does for additive mixtures. For highly asymmetric mixtures
(small size ratios) the resulting effective Hamiltonian of the one-component
fluid of big spheres, which consists of an infinite number of many-body
interactions, should be accurately approximated by truncating after the term
describing the effective pair interaction. Using a density functional treatment
developed originally for additive hard-sphere mixtures we determine the zero,
one, and two-body contribution to the effective Hamiltonian. We demonstrate
that even small degrees of positive or negative non-additivity have significant
effect on the shape of the depletion potential. The second virial coefficient
$B_2$, corresponding to the effective pair interaction between two big spheres,
is found to be a sensitive measure of the effects of non-additivity. The
variation of $B_2$ with the density of the small spheres shows significantly
different behavior for additive, slightly positive and slightly negative
non-additive mixtures. We discuss the possible repercussions of these results
for the phase behavior of binary hard-sphere mixtures and suggest that
measurements of $B_2$ might provide a means of determining the degree of
non-additivity in real colloidal mixtures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5832 </DOCNO>
A simple analytical description for the cross-tie domain wall structure


  A closed form analytical expression for the magnetization vector distribution
within the cross-tie domain wall in an isotropic ferromagnetic thin film is
given. The expression minimizes the exchange energy functional exactly, and the
magnetostatic energy by means of an adjustable parameter (wall width). The
equilibrium value of the wall width and the film thickness corresponding to the
transition between the N{\'e}el and the cross-tie walls are calculated. The
results are compared with the recent experiments and are in good qualitative
agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2549 </DOCNO>
Calculation of mode coupling for quadrupole excitations in a


  In this paper we give a theoretical description of resonant coupling between
two collective excitations of a Bose condensed gas (BEC) on, or close, to a
second harmonic resonance. Using analytic expressions for the quasi-particle
wavefunctions we show that the coupling between quadrupole modes is strong,
leading to a coupling time of a few milliseconds (for a TOP trap with radial
frequency 100 Hz and 10^4 atoms). Using the hydrodynamic approximation, we
derive analytic expression for the coupling matrix element. These can be used
with an effective Hamiltonian (that we also derive) to describe the dynamics of
the coupling process and the associated squeezing effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77001 </DOCNO>
Supernova Neutrinos and the LSND Evidence for Neutrino Oscillations


  The observation of the $\bar{\nu}_e$ energy spectrum from a supernova burst
can provide constraints on neutrino oscillations. We derive formulas for
adiabatic oscillations of supernova antineutrinos for a variety of 3- and
4-neutrino mixing schemes and mass hierarchies which are consistent with the
LSND evidence for $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}\to \bar{\nu}_e$ oscillations.
  Finally, we explore the constraints on these models and LSND given by the
supernova SN1987A $\bar{\nu}_e$'s observed by the Kamiokande-2 and IMB-3
detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41361 </DOCNO>
Study of T and CP violation in B^0-anti-B^0 mixing with inclusive


  We report a study of T and CP violation in $B^0$-$\overline B^0$ mixing using
an inclusive dilepton sample collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II
$B$ Factory. The asymmetry between $\ell^+\ell^+$ and $\ell^-\ell^-$ allows us
to compare the probabilities for $\overline B^0 \to B^0$ and $B^0 \to \overline
B^0$ oscillations and thus probe T and CP invariance.
  A sample of 20,381 same-sign dilepton events is selected in the 1999--2000
data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.7 fb$^{-1}$ on the
$\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance. We measure a same-sign dilepton asymmetry of
$A_T=(0.5\pm 1.2\pm 1.4)%$; for the parameter $\epsilon_b$ representing T and
CP violations in mixing, we obtain a preliminary result of $$ \frac{{\mathrm
Re}(\epsilon_b)}{1+|\epsilon_b|^2} = (1.2\pm 2.9\pm 3.6) \times 10^{-3}. $$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113459 </DOCNO>
Testing Quantum Dynamics in Genetic Information Processing


  Does quantum dynamics play a role in DNA replication? What type of tests
would reveal that? Some statistical checks that distinguish classical and
quantum dynamics in DNA replication are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4606 </DOCNO>
Electronic properties of antidot lattices fabricated by atomic force


  Antidot lattices were fabricated by atomic force lithography using local
oxidation. High quality finite 20 x20 lattices are demonstrated with periods of
300 nm. The low temperature magnetoresistance shows well developed
commensurability oscillations as well as a quenching of the Hall effect around
zero magnetic field. In addition, we find B periodic oscillations superimposed
on the classical commensurability peaks at temperatures as high as 1.7 K. These
observations indicate the high electronic quality of our samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2897 </DOCNO>
Granular flow down an inclined plane: Bagnold scaling and rheology


  We have performed a systematic, large-scale simulation study of granular
media in two- and three-dimensions, investigating the rheology of cohesionless
granular particles in inclined plane geometries, i.e., chute flows. We find
that over a wide range of parameter space of interaction coefficients and
inclination angles, a steady state flow regime exists in which the energy input
from gravity balances that dissipated from friction and inelastic collisions.
In this regime, the bulk packing fraction (away from the top free surface and
the bottom plate boundary) remains constant as a function of depth z, of the
pile. The velocity profile in the direction of flow v(z) scales with height of
the pile H, according to v(z) proportional to H^a, with a=1.52. However, the
behavior of the normal stresses indicates that existing simple theories of
granular flow do not capture all of the features evidenced in the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74559 </DOCNO>
Calculation of 1-loop Hexagon Amplitudes in the Yukawa Model


  We calculate a class of one-loop six-point amplitudes in the Yukawa model.
The construction of multi-particle amplitudes is done in the string inspired
formalism and compared to the Feynman diagrammatic approach. We show that there
exists a surprisingly efficient way of calculating such amplitudes by using
cyclic identities of kinematic coefficients and discuss in detail cancellation
mechanisms of spurious terms. A collection of formulas which are useful for the
calculation of massless hexagon amplitudes is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126878 </DOCNO>
Observational Evidence for Galaxy Evolution in the Local Group


  This review aims to give a summary of our understanding of galaxy evolution
as infered from studies of nearby galaxies; how observations made with the
Hubble Space Telescope have contributed significantly to our detailed
understanding of the older stellar populations in Local Group dwarf galaxies.
Recent results from VLT are also promising interesting future prospects for the
study of resolved stellar populations in nearby dwarf galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124359 </DOCNO>
Deep Infrared Imaging of the Microquasars 1E1740-2942 and GRS 1758-258


  We present deep infrared ($2.2 \mu$m) imaging of the Galactic microquasars
1E1740-2942 and GRS 1758-258 using the Keck-I 10-meter telescope in June 1998.
The observations were taken under excellent seeing conditions ($\sim 0.45
\arcsec$ full-width half-maximum), making them exceptionally deep for these
crowded fields. We used the USNO-A2.0 catalog to astrometrically calibrate the
infrared images (along with an optical CCD image in the case of GRS 1758-258),
providing independent frame ties to the known radio positions of the objects.
For 1E1740-2942, we confirm potential candidates for the microquasar previously
identified by Marti et al., and show that none of the objects near the
microquasar have varied significantly from 1998 to 1999. For GRS 1758-258, our
astrometry indicates a position shifted from previous reports of candidates for
the microquasar. We find no candidates inside our 90% confidence radius to a $2
\sigma$ limiting magnitude of $K_s = 20.3$ mag. We discuss the implications of
these results for the nature of the microquasar binary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148092 </DOCNO>
A universal flow invariant in quantum field theory


  A flow invariant is a quantity depending only on the UV and IR conformal
fixed points and not on the flow connecting them. Typically, its value is
related to the central charges a and c. In classically-conformal field
theories, scale invariance is broken by quantum effects and the flow invariant
a_{UV}-a_{IR} is measured by the area of the graph of the beta function between
the fixed points. There exists a theoretical explanation of this fact. On the
other hand, when scale invariance is broken at the classical level, it is
empirically known that the flow invariant equals c_{UV}-c_{IR} in massive
free-field theories, but a theoretical argument explaining why it is so is
still missing. A number of related open questions are answered here. A general
formula of the flow invariant is found, which holds also when the stress tensor
has improvement terms. The conditions under which the flow invariant equals
c_{UV}-c_{IR} are identified. Several non-unitary theories are used as a
laboratory, but the conclusions are general and an application to the Standard
Model is addressed. The analysis of the results suggests some new minimum
principles, which might point towards a better understanding of quantum field
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86856 </DOCNO>
Mechanism for a Decaying Cosmological Constant


  A mechanism is introduced to reduce a large cosmological constant to a
sufficiently small value consistent with observational upper limit. The basic
ingradient in this mechanism is a distinction which has been made between the
two unit systems used on cosmology and particle physics. We have used a
conformal invariant gravitational model to define a particular conformal frame
in terms of the large scale properties of the universe. It is then argued that
the contributions of mass scales in particle physics to the vacuum energy
density should be considered in a different conformal frame. In this manner a
cancellation mechanism is presented in which the conformal factor plays a key
role to relax the large effective cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123610 </DOCNO>
Why AGN Studies Need Higher Resolution


  The need for high angular resolution is emphasised, especially in the context
of programs to understand massive black holes and the processes in their
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123915 </DOCNO>
The extraordinarily bright optical afterglow of GRB 991208 and its host


  Observations of the extraordinarily bright optical afterglow (OA) of GRB
991208 started 2.1 d after the event. The flux decay constant of the OA in the
R-band is -2.30 +/- 0.07 up to 5 d, which is very likely due to the jet effect,
and after that it is followed by a much steeper decay with constant -3.2 +/-
0.2, the fastest one ever seen in a GRB OA. A negative detection in several
all-sky films taken simultaneously to the event implies either a previous
additional break prior to 2 d after the occurrence of the GRB (as expected from
the jet effect). The existence of a second break might indicate a steepening in
the electron spectrum or the superposition of two events. Once the afterglow
emission vanished, contribution of a bright underlying SN is found, but the
light curve is not sufficiently well sampled to rule out a dust echo
explanation. Our determination of z = 0.706 indicates that GRB 991208 is at 3.7
Gpc, implying an isotropic energy release of 1.15 x 10E53 erg which may be
relaxed by beaming by a factor > 100. Precise astrometry indicates that the GRB
coincides within 0.2" with the host galaxy, thus given support to a massive
star origin. The absolute magnitude is M_B = -18.2, well below the knee of the
galaxy luminosity function and we derive a star-forming rate of 11.5 +/- 7.1
Mo/yr. The quasi-simultaneous broad-band photometric spectral energy
distribution of the afterglow is determined 3.5 day after the burst (Dec 12.0)
implying a cooling frequency below the optical band, i.e. supporting a jet
model with p = -2.30 as the index of the power-law electron distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123525 </DOCNO>
Shock Acceleration of Cosmic Rays - a critical review


  Motivated by recent unsuccessful efforts to detect the predicted flux of TeV
gamma-rays from supernova remnants, we present a critical examination of the
theory on which these predictions are based. Three crucial problems are
identified: injection, maximum achievable particle energy and spectral index.
In each case significant new advances in understanding have been achieved,
which cast doubt on prevailing paradigms such as Bohm diffusion and
single-fluid MHD. This indicates that more realistic analytical models, backed
by more sophisticated numerical techniques should be employed to obtain
reliable predictions. Preliminary work on incorporating the effects of
anomalous transport suggest that the resulting spectrum should be significantly
softer than that predicted by conventional theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2488 </DOCNO>
Mott Transition in the Two-Dimensional Flux Phase


  Effects of the electron-electron interaction in the two-dimensional flux
phase are investigated. We treat the half-filled Hubbard model with a magnetic
flux $\pi$ per plaquette by the quantum Monte Carlo method. When the
interaction is small, an antiferromagnetic long-range does not exist and the
charge fluctuation is different from that of the Mott insulator It suggests
that the Mott transition occurs at finite strength of the interaction in the
flux phase, which is in contrast to the standard Hubbard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126863 </DOCNO>
Pulsar microstructure and its quasi-periodicities with the S2 VLBI


  The microstructure of PSRs B0950+08, B1133+16, and B1929+10 was investigated
for a large number of pulses with a time resolution of 62.5 ns, by far the
highest for any such statistical study yet. Using the S2 VLBI system, the
pulsars were observed in absentia with the 70-m NASA/DSN radio telescope at
Tidbinbilla, Australia, at a frequency of 1650 MHz. The data were continuously
recorded at the Nyquist sampling rate with 2-bit sampling in the upper and
lower sidebands each 16 MHz wide, and written on magnetic tape. The data were
played back via the S2 Tape-to-Computer Interface at CRESTech/York University,
dedispersed before detection and analyzed. For PSR B1929+10 we found as yet
unreported broad microstructure in the average cross-correlation function (CCF)
with a characteristic time scale of 90+-10 mcs. On a finer scale PSRs B1133+16
(component II) and B1929+10 show narrow microstructure with a characteristic
time scale in the CCFs of 10+-2 mcs and 8+-2 mcs, respectively, the shortest
found in the average CCF or autocorrelation function (ACF) for any pulsar,
apart perhaps from the Crab pulsar. Histograms of microstructure widths are
skewed heavily toward shorter time scales but display a sharp cutoff. The
shortest micropulses have widths between 2 and 7 mcs. The time scales of the
broad, narrow, and shortest micropulses are, at least partly, related to the
widths of the components of the integrated profiles and the subpulse widths. In
general, the micropulse modulation index decreases with the micropulse width.
No nanopulses or unresolved pulse spikes were detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81359 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark expansion parameters from lattice NRQCD


  Using the lattice NRQCD action for heavy quark, we calculate the heavy quark
expansion parameters $\mu_{\pi}^2$ and $\mu_G^2$ for heavy-light mesons and
heavy-light-light baryons. The results are compared with the mass differences
among heavy hadrons to test the validity of HQET relations on the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7135 </DOCNO>
Topological Superconductor and Quantization of Supercurrent


  We present two examples of topological superconductors, in which the
nontrivial topology of the condensates generates a topologically stable knot
which carries a net supercurrent. The supercurrent in this type of
superconductors can be either Abelian or non-Abelian, but in both cases the
non-Abelian gauge symmetry plays a crucial role to provide the topological
stability. Furthermore we show that the supercurrent is quantized due to its
topological nature. We propose that the recent $MgB_2$ superconductor can be
viewed as a topological superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113658 </DOCNO>
Simulation of Beam-Beam Effects in $e^+e^-$ Storage Rings


  The beam-beam effects of the PEP-II as an asymmetric collider are studied
with strong-strong simulations using a newly developed particle-in-cell (PIC)
code. The simulated luminosity agrees with the measured one within 10% in a
large range of the beam currents. The spectra of coherent dipole oscillation
are simulated with and without the transparency symmetry. The simulated tune
shift of the coherent $\pi$ mode agrees with the linearized Vlasov theory even
at large beam-beam parameters. The Poicare map of coherent dipole is used to
identify the beam-beam resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148530 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Model with Grassmann-odd Lagrangian


  A supersymmetric $D = 1, N =1$ model with a Grassmann-odd Lagrangian is
proposed which, in contrast to the model with an even Lagrangian, contains not
only a kinetic term but also an interaction term for the coordinates entering
into one real scalar Grassmann-even (bosonic) superfield.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72894 </DOCNO>
GENIUS - A New Facility of Non-Accelerator Particle Physics


  The GENIUS (\underline {Ge}rmanium in Liquid \underline {Ni}trogen \underline
{U}nderground \underline {S}etup) project has been proposed in 1997
\cite{KK-BEY97} as first third generation double beta decay project, with a
sensitivity aiming down to a level of an effective neutrino mass of $<m>\sim$
0.01 - 0.001 eV. Such sensitivity has been shown to be indispensable to solve
the question of the structure of the neutrino mass matrix which cannot be
solved by neutrino oscillation experiments alone \cite{KKPS}. It will allow
broad access also to many other topics of physics beyond the Standard Model of
particle physics at the multi-TeV scale. For search of cold dark matter GENIUS
will cover almost the full range of the parameter space of predictions of SUSY
for neutralinos as dark matter \cite{KK-Ram,Bed-KK2}. Finally, GENIUS has the
potential to be the first real-time detector for low-energy (pp and $^7{Be}$)
solar neutrinos \cite{Bau-KK,KKPropos99}. A GENIUS-Test Facility has just been
funded and will come into operation by end of 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125845 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Cosmic gamma-ray bursts are one of the great frontiers of astrophysics today.
They are a playground of relativists and observers alike. They may teach us
about the death of stars and the birth of black holes, the physics in extreme
conditions, and help us probe star formation in the distant and obscured
universe. In this review we summarise some of the remarkable progress in this
field over the past few years. While the nature of the GRB progenitors is still
unsettled, it now appears likely that at least some bursts originate in
explosions of very massive stars, or at least occur in or near the regions of
massive star formation. The physics of the burst afterglows is reasonably well
understood, and has been tested and confirmed very well by the observations.
Bursts are found to be beamed, but with a broad range of jet opening angles;
the mean gamma-ray energies after the beaming corrections are ~ 10^51 erg.
Bursts are associated with faint <R> ~ 25 mag) galaxies at cosmological
redshifts, with <z> ~ 1. The host galaxies span a range of luminosities and
morphologies, but appear to be broadly typical for the normal, actively
star-forming galaxy populations at comparable redshifts and magnitudes. Some of
the challenges for the future include: the nature of the short bursts and
possibly other types of bursts and transients; use of GRBs to probe the
obscured star formation in the universe, and possibly as probes of the very
early universe; and their detection as sources of high-energy particles and
gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1204 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Instability in Polymeric Light-Alkali Chains


  Using density functional theory the ground state structural, electronic, and
magnetic properties of low average density light-alkali chains are
investigated. A metallic, zigzag ground state structure is predicted as a
result of Jahn-Teller deformation but, most interestingly, stable equilibria
for chains under tension are predicted to be {\it ferromagnetic}, which can be
traced to exchange effects arising from occupation of the second subband as a
function of the interatomic distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4692 </DOCNO>
An exact stochastic field method for the interacting Bose gas at thermal


  We present a new exact method to numerically compute the thermodynamical
properties of an interacting Bose gas in the canonical ensemble. As in our
previous paper (Phys. Rev. A, 63 023606 (2001)), we write the density operator
$\rho$ as an average of Hartree dyadics $\ketbra{N:\phi_1}{N:\phi_2}$ and we
find stochastic evolution equations for the wave functions $\phi_{1,2}$ such
that the exact imaginary-time evolution of $\rho$ is recovered after average
over noise. In this way, the thermal equilibrium density operator can be
obtained for any temperature $T$. The method is then applied to study the
thermodynamical properties of a homogeneous one-dimensional $N$-boson system:
although Bose-Einstein condensation can not occur in the thermodynamical limit,
a macroscopic occupation of the lowest mode of a finite system is observed at
sufficiently low temperatures. If $k_B T \gg \mu$, the main effect of
interactions is to suppress density fluctuations and to reduce their
correlation length. Different effects such as a spatial antibunching of the
atoms are predicted for the opposite $k_B T\leq \mu$ regime. Our exact
stochastic calculations have been compared to existing approximate theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124345 </DOCNO>
Detection of a new, low-brightness supernova remnant possibly associated


  We report on the discovery of a shell-type supernova remnant in the southern
sky. It is a large (8*8), low-brightness source with a nonthermal radio
spectrum, which requires background filtering to isolate it from the diffuse
background emission of the Galaxy. Three 3EG gamma-ray sources are spatially
correlated with the radio structure. We have made 21-cm line observations of
the region and found that two of these sources are coincident with HI clouds.
We propose that the gamma-ray emission is the result of hadronic interactions
between high-energy protons locally accelerated at the remnant shock front and
atomic nuclei in the ambient clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174749 </DOCNO>
Event Texture Search for Phase Transitions in Pb+Pb Collisions


  NA44 uses a 512 channel Si pad array covering $1.5 <\eta < 3.3$ to study
charged hadron production in 158 A GeV Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. We
apply a multiresolution analysis, based on a Discrete Wavelet Transformation,
to probe the texture of particle distributions event-by-event, allowing
simultaneous localization of features in space and scale. Scanning a broad
range of multiplicities, we search for signals of clustering and of critical
behavior in the power spectra of local density fluctuations. The data are
compared with detailed simulations of detector responce, using heavy ion event
generators, and with a reference sample created via event mixing. An upper
limit is set on the probability and magnitude of dynamical fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127341 </DOCNO>
Planetary nebula or symbiotic Mira? Near infrared colours mark the


  Nebulae around symbiotic Miras look very much like genuine planetary nebulae,
although they are formed in a slightly different way. We present near infrared
photometry of known and suspected symbiotic nebulae obtained with the Deep Near
Infrared Southern Sky Survey (DENIS). We demonstrate that the near infrared
colours are an excellent tool to distinguish symbiotic from genuine planetary
nebulae. In particular we find that the bipolar planetary nebulae M 2-9 and Mz
3 are in fact symbiotic Miras. Further observations on prototype symbiotic
Miras prove that the proposed classification scheme works generally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5391 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the n=1/2 disclination line in Landau-de Gennes theory of


  Using Landau-de Gennes effective theory for nematic liquid crystals we
analyse the structure of rectilinear n=1/2 smooth disclination line in the case
of equal elastic constants. We find that at certain temperature there is an
exact mathematical correspondence with a rectilinear vortex in superfluid
$^4He$. With a help of polynomial approximation difference of free energies of
the smooth and of a singular disclination lines is estimated. It turns out that
the smooth disclination line is energetically preferred only if temperature is
low enough. At higher temperatures a disordered core should be expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168902 </DOCNO>
Quantum algorithm for measuring the energy of n qubits with unknown


  The well-known algorithm for quantum phase estimation requires that the
considered unitary is available as a conditional transformation depending on
the quantum state of an ancilla register. We present an algorithm converting an
unknown n-qubit pair-interaction Hamiltonian into a conditional one such that
standard phase estimation can be applied to measure the energy. Our essential
assumption is that the considered system can be brought into interaction with a
quantum computer. For large n the algorithm could still be applicable for
estimating the density of energy states and might therefore be useful for
finding energy gaps in solid states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149853 </DOCNO>
Interacting Open Wilson Lines in Noncommutative Field Theories


  In noncommutative field theories, it was known that one-loop effective action
describes propagation of non-interacting open Wilson lines, obeying the flying
dipole's relation. We show that two-loop effective action describes cubic
interaction among `closed string' states created by open Wilson lines. Taking
d-dimensional noncommutative [\Phi^3] theory as the simplest setup, we compute
nonplanar contribution at low-energy and large noncommutativity limit. We find
that the contribution is expressible in a remarkably simple cubic interaction
involving scalar open Wilson lines only and nothing else. We show that the
interaction is purely geometrical and noncommutative in nature, depending only
on sizes of each open Wilson line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5035 </DOCNO>
Nonlinearity-induced conformational instability and dynamics of


  We propose a simple phenomenological model for describing the conformational
dynamics of biopolymers via the nonlinearity-induced buckling and collapse
(i.e. coiling up) instabilities. Taking into account the coupling between the
internal and mechanical degrees of freedom of a semiflexible biopolymer chain,
we show that self-trapped internal excitations (such as amide-I vibrations in
proteins, base-pair vibrations in DNA, or polarons in proteins) may produce the
buckling and collapse instabilities of an initially straight chain. These
instabilities remain latent in a straight infinitely long chain, because the
bending of such a chain would require an infinite energy. However, they
manifest themselves as soon as we consider more realistic cases and take into
account a finite length of the chain. In this case the nonlinear localized
modes may act as drivers giving impetus to the conformational dynamics of
biopolymers. The buckling instability is responsible, in particular, for the
large-amplitude localized bending waves which accompany the nonlinear modes
propagating along the chain. In the case of the collapse instability, the chain
folds into a compact three-dimensional coil. The viscous damping of the aqueous
environment only slows down the folding of the chain, but does not stop it even
for a large damping. We find that these effects are only weakly affected by the
peculiarities of the interaction potentials, and thus they should be generic
for different models of semiflexible chains carrying nonlinear localized
excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41754 </DOCNO>
The precise determination of Re(epsilon'/epsilon)


  CP violation in the neutral kaon system is known to be dominated by the
mixing of K0 and anti-K0. Direct CP violation in the 2 pion decays of neutral
kaons has been a controversial subject over the last decade. A strong
experimental effort has been devoted to the precise measurement of the direct
CP violation parameter re(epsilon'/epsilon). After 10 years of detector
development, data collection and analysis, the NA48 experiment at CERN and the
KTeV experiment at Fermilab have now established direct CP violation as a fact.
Both KTeV and NA48 use the same experimental principle, measuring the double
ratio of long lived and short lived neutral kaons to two charged and two
neutral pions. However, their experimental and analysis techniques differ in
important ways, and I will extensively discuss the two approaches. I will also
present the latest results on epsilon'/epsilon from both experiments, which
were announced just a few months ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85689 </DOCNO>
Energy and Momentum in Expansive Nondecelerative Universe


  Incorporation of the Vaidya metric in the model of Expansive Nondecelerative
Universe allows to precisely localize gravitational energy for weak fields and
obtain the components of the Einstein energy-momentum pseudotensor for strong
gravitational fields. The components are identical to those calculated by
Virbhadra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97413 </DOCNO>
The Oka principle for multivalued sections of ramified mappings


  In this paper we establish a basic version of the Oka principle for
multivalued sections of ramified holomorphic maps h from a complex manifold Z
onto a Stein manifold X. If the ramification locus of h projects into a closed
complex subvariety X' of X and if h admits a fiber dominating spray over a
small neighborhood of any point in X\X' then any multivalued continuous section
of h which is holomorphic in a neighborhood of X' and unramified in X\X' can be
homotopically deformed to a global holomorphic multivalued section. The
corresponding results for sections of unramified submersions were established
by Gromov (Oka's principle for holomorphic sections of elliptic bundles, J.
Amer. Math. Soc. 2, 851-897 (1989)) and Forstneric and Prezelj (Math. Ann., to
appear).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96771 </DOCNO>
Multilinear quantum Lie operations


  It is shown that the dimension of the multilinear quantum Lie operations
space is either equal to zero or included between $(n-2)!$ and $(n-1)!.$ The
lower bound is achieved if the intersection of all conforming subsets is
nonempty, while the upper bound does if all subsets are conforming. We show
that almost always the quantum Lie operations space is generated by symmetric
ones. In particular, the space of all general $n$-linear quantum Lie operations
does. All possible exceptions are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86855 </DOCNO>
Some Properties of a New Solution of the Ernst Equation


  From a particularly simple solution of the Ernst equation, we build a
solution of the vacuum stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations depending on
three parameters. The parameters are associated to the total mass of the source
and its angular momentum. The third parameter produces a topological
deformation of the ergosphere making it a two-sheet surface, and for some of
its values forbids the Penrose process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97041 </DOCNO>
Plancherel Inversion as Unified Approach to Wavelet Transforms and


  We demonstrate that the Plancherel transform for Type-I groups provides one
with a natural, unified perspective for the generalized continuous wavelet
transform, on the one hand, and for a class of Wigner functions, on the other.
The wavelet transform of a signal is an $L^2$-function on an appropriately
chosen group, while the Wigner function is defined on a coadjoint orbit of the
group and serves as an alternative characterization of the signal, which is
often used in practical applications. The Plancherel transform maps
$L^2$-functions on a group unitarily to fields of Hilbert-Schmidt operators,
indexed by unitary irreducible representations of the group. The wavelet
transform can essentiallly be looked upon as restricted inverse Plancherel
transform, while Wigner functions are modified Fourier transforms of inverse
Plancherel transforms, usually restricted to a subset of the unitary dual of
the group. Some known results both on Wigner functions and wavelet transforms,
appearing in the literature from very different perspectives, are naturally
unified within our approach. Explicit computations on a number of groups
illustrate the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98330 </DOCNO>
Kolmogorov Random Graphs and the Incompressibility Method


  We investigate topological, combinatorial, statistical, and enumeration
properties of finite graphs with high Kolmogorov complexity (almost all graphs)
using the novel incompressibility method. Example results are: (i) the mean and
variance of the number of (possibly overlapping) ordered labeled subgraphs of a
labeled graph as a function of its randomness deficiency (how far it falls
short of the maximum possible Kolmogorov complexity) and (ii) a new elementary
proof for the number of unlabeled graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98486 </DOCNO>
On dimensionally restricted maps


  Some results of B. Pasynkov and H. Torunczyk on finite-dimensional maps are
improved. A generalization of a Dranishnikov-Uspenskij theorem about
extensional dimension is also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98504 </DOCNO>
Symmetrically Factorizable Groups and Set-Theoretical Solutions of the


  The notion of a symmetrically factorizable Lie group is introduced. It is
shown that each symmetrically factorizable Lie group is related to a
set-theoretical solution of the pentagon equation. Each simple Lie group (after
a certain Abelian extension) is symmetrically factorizable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85916 </DOCNO>
Strong field limit of black hole gravitational lensing


  We give the formulation of the gravitational lensing theory in the strong
field limit for a Schwarzschild black hole as a counterpart to the weak field
approach. It is possible to expand the full black hole lens equation to work a
simple analytical theory that describes at a high accuracy degree the physics
in the strong field limit. In this way, we derive compact and reliable
mathematical formulae for the position of additional critical curves,
relativistic images and their magnification, arising in this limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127191 </DOCNO>
Detection of X-ray Emission from the Arches Cluster Near the Galactic


  The Arches cluster is an extraordinarily compact massive star cluster with a
core radius of about 10$''$ ($\sim$0.4 pc) and consisting of more than 150 O
star candidates with initial stellar masses greater than 20~M$_\odot$ near
G0.12-0.02. X-ray observations of the radio Arc near the Galactic center at
l$\sim0.2^0$ which contains the Arches cluster have been carried out with the
Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) on board Chandra X-ray Observatory. We
report the detection of two X-ray sources from the Arches cluster embedded
within a bath of diffuse X-ray emission extending beyond the edge of the
cluster to at least 90$''\times60''$ (3.6 pc $\times$ 2.4 pc). The brightest
component of the X-ray emission coincides with the core of the cluster and can
be fitted with two-temperature thermal spectrum with a soft and hard component
of 0.8 and 6.4 keV, respectively. The core of the cluster coincides with
several ionized stellar wind sources that have previously been detected at
radio wavelengths, suggesting that the X-ray emission from the core arises from
stellar wind sources. The diffuse emission beyond the boundary of the cluster
is discussed in the context of combined shocked stellar winds escaping from the
cluster. We argue that the expelled gas from young clusters such as the Arches
cluster may be responsible for the hot and extended X-ray emitting gas detected
throughout the inner degree of the Galactic center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 289 </DOCNO>
Far infrared spectroscopy on the three-dimensional dilute


  Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy measurements have been
performed on the three-dimensional dilute antiferromagnet Fe(x)Zn(1-x)F2 with
x=0.99 ~ 0.58 in far infrared (FIR) region. The FIR spectra are analyzed taking
into account the ligand field and the local exchange interaction probability
with J1 ~ J3; |J1|,|J3|<<|J2|, where J1, J2 and J3 are the nearest neighbor,
second nearest neighbor and third nearest neighbor exchange interaction
constants, respectively. The concentration dependence of the FIR spectra at low
temperature is qualitatively well reproduced by our analysis, though some
detailed structure remains unexplained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96642 </DOCNO>
Curvature and Uniformization


  We approach the problem of uniformization of general Riemann surfaces through
consideration of the curvature equation, and in particular the problem of
constructing Poincar\'e metrics (i.e., complete metrics of constant negative
curvature) by solving the equation $\Delta u - e^{2u} = K_0(z)$ on general open
surfaces. A few other topics are discussed, including boundary behavior of the
conformal factor $e^{2u}$ giving the Poincar\'e metric when the Riemann surface
has smoothly bounded compact closure, and also a curvature equation proof of
Koebe's disk theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96241 </DOCNO>
Algebraic fundamental group and simplicial complexes


  In this paper, we prove that the fundamental group of a simplicial complex is
isomorphic to the algebraic fundamental group of its incidence algebra, and we
derive some applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6174 </DOCNO>
Short-coherence length superconductivity in the Attractive Hubbard Model


  We study the normal state and the superconducting transition in the
Attractive Hubbard Model in three dimensions, using self-consistent
diagrammatics. Our results for the self-consistent $T$-matrix approximation are
consistent with 3D-XY power-law critical scaling and finite-size scaling. This
is in contrast to the exponential 2D-XY scaling the method was able to capture
in our previous 2D calculation. We find the 3D transition temperature at
quarter-filling and $U=-4t$ to be $T_c=0.207t$. The 3D critical regime is much
narrower than in 2D and the ratio of the mean-field transition to $T_c$ is
about 5 times smaller than in 2D. We also find that, for the parameters we
consider, the pseudogap regime in 3D (as in 2D) coincides with the critical
scaling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97832 </DOCNO>
Three talks in Cuautitlan under the general title: Topolog\'ia


  Talk 1: Open problems in knot theory that everyone can try to solve. Knot
theory is more than two hundred years old; the first scientists who considered
knots as mathematical objects were A.Vandermonde (1771) and C.F.Gauss (1794).
However, despite the impressive grow of the theory, there are simply formulated
but fundamental questions, to which we do not know answers. I will discuss
today several such open problems, describing in detail the 20 year old
Montesinos-Nakanishi conjecture. Our problems lead to sophisticated
mathematical structures (I will describe some of them in tomorrows talks), but
today's description will be absolutely elementary. Talk 2: Lagrangian
approximation of Fox $p$-colorings of tangles. The talk will culminate in the
introduction of the symplectic structure on the boundary of a tangle in such a
way that tangles yields Lagrangians in the symplectic space. Talk 3: Historical
Introduction to Skein Modules. I will discuss, in my last talk of the
conference, skein modules, or as I prefer to say more generally, algebraic
topology based on knots. I would like to discuss today, in more detail, skein
modules related to the (deformations) of 3-moves and the Montesinos-Nakanishi
conjecture but first I will give the general definition and I will make a short
tour of the world of skein modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127995 </DOCNO>
The hard X-ray emission from the complex SNR MSH 15-52 observed by


  We present the results of a BeppoSAX observation of the Supernova Remnant MSH
15-52, associated with the pulsar PSR B1509-58, and discuss its main
morphological and spectroscopic properties in the 1.6--200 keV energy range
(MECS and PDS instruments). The two main structures of the remnant, the
Southern Nebula, the plerion centered on the pulsar, and the Northern Nebula,
are clearly visible in the MECS, with the former showing a much a harder
spectrum. Furthermore, a diffuse extended emission surrounds the whole remnant
up to ~ 17' from the center. Non-thermal flux is detected in the PDS up to 200
keV as well, and it appears that also in this energy range the emission is not
concentrated in the central region around the pulsar. These data imply that the
plerion extends up to a few tens of parsecs from the pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148370 </DOCNO>
Super Liouville Black Holes


  We describe in superspace a classical theory of of two dimensional $(1,1)$
dilaton supergravity coupled to a super-Liouville field, and find exact super
black hole solutions to the field equations that have non-constant curvature.
We consider the possibility that a gravitini condensate forms and look at the
implications for the resultant spacetime structure. We find that all such
condensate solutions have a condensate and/or naked curvature singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2591 </DOCNO>
First-principles studies of kinetics in epitaxial growth of III-V


  We demonstrate how first-principles calculations using density-functional
theory (DFT) can be applied to gain insight into the molecular processes that
rule the physics of materials processing. Specifically, we study the molecular
beam epitaxy (MBE) of arsenic compound semiconductors. For homoepitaxy of GaAs
on GaAs(001), a growth model is presented that builds on results of DFT
calculations for molecular processes on the beta2-reconstructed GaAs(001)
surface, including adsorption, desorption, surface diffusion and nucleation.
Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations on the basis of the calculated energetics
enable us to model MBE growth of GaAs from beams of Ga and As_2 in atomistic
detail. The simulations show that island nucleation is controlled by the
reaction of As_2 molecules with Ga adatoms on the surface. The analysis reveals
that the scaling laws of standard nucleation theory for the island density as a
function of growth temperature are not applicable to GaAs epitaxy. We also
discuss heteroepitaxy of InAs on GaAs(001), and report first-principles DFT
calculations for In diffusion on the strained GaAs substrate. In particular we
address the effect of heteroepitaxial strain on the growth kinetics of
coherently strained InAs islands. The strain field around an island is found to
cause a slowing-down of material transport from the substrate towards the
island and thus helps to achieve more homogeneous island sizes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 241 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity-induced changes of the phonon resonances in


  We observe a characteristic energy $\hbar\omega_{c}\approx 2.1$ eV which
separates regions of different behavior of the phonon intensities in the Raman
spectra of the $R\rm Ba_2Cu_3O_7$ system. A superconductivity-induced drop of
phonon intensities is found for the oxygen modes O(4) and O(2)-O(3) only for
excitation energies below $\hbar\omega_c$. This intensity drop indicates an
order parameter which affects energies in the vicinity of $\hbar\omega_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169354 </DOCNO>
Backwards-induction outcome in a quantum game


  In economics duopoly is a market dominated by two firms large enough to
influence the market price. Stackelberg presented a dynamic form of duopoly
that is also called `leader-follower' model. We give a quantum perspective on
Stackelberg duopoly that gives a backwards-induction outcome same as the Nash
equilibrium in static form of duopoly also known as Cournot's duopoly. We find
two qubit quantum pure states required for this purpose.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149214 </DOCNO>
Boundary States of D-branes in AdS_3 Based on Discrete Series


  We study the D-branes in the Lorentzian AdS_3 background from the viewpoints
of boundary states, emphasizing the role of open-closed duality in string
theory. Working on the world-sheet with the Lorentzian signature, we construct
the Cardy states based on the discrete series. We show that they are compatible
with (1) the unitarity and normalizability, and (2) the spectral flow symmetry,
in the open string spectrum. We also discuss the brane interpretation of them.
  We further show that, in the case of superstring on AdS_3 \times S^3 \times
T^4, our Cardy states yield an infinite number of physical BPS states in the
open string channel, on which the spectral flows consistently act.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4628 </DOCNO>
Percolation and epidemics in a two-dimensional small world


  Percolation on two-dimensional small-world networks has been proposed as a
model for the spread of plant diseases. In this paper we give an analytic
solution of this model using a combination of generating function methods and
high-order series expansion. Our solution gives accurate predictions for
quantities such as the position of the percolation threshold and the typical
size of disease outbreaks as a function of the density of "shortcuts" in the
small-world network. Our results agree with scaling hypotheses and numerical
simulations for the same model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149464 </DOCNO>
On Heterotic Orbifolds, M Theory and Type I' Brane Engineering


  Horava--Witten M theory -- heterotic string duality poses special problems
for the twisted sectors of heterotic orbifolds. In [1] we explained how in M
theory the twisted states couple to gauge fields apparently living on M9 branes
at both ends of the eleventh dimension at the same time. The resolution
involves 7D gauge fields which live on fixed planes of the (T^4/Z_N) x
(S^1/Z_2) x R^{5,1} orbifold and lock onto the 10D gauge fields along the
intersection planes. The physics of such intersection planes does not follow
directly from the M theory but there are stringent kinematic constraints due to
duality and local consistency, which allowed us to deduce the local fields and
the boundary conditions at each intersection. In this paper we explain various
phenomena at the intersection planes in terms of duality between HW and type I'
superstring theories. The orbifold fixed planes are dual to stacks of D6
branes, the M9 planes are dual to O8 orientifold planes accompanied by D8
branes, and the intersections are dual to brane junctions. We engineer several
junction types which lead to distinct patterns of 7D/10D gauge field locking,
7D symmetry breaking and/or local 6D fields. Another aspect of brane
engineering is putting the junctions together; sometimes, the combined effect
is rather spectacular from the HW point of view and the quantum numbers of some
twisted states have to `bounce' off both ends of the eleventh dimension before
their heterotic identity becomes clear. Some models involve D6/O8 junctions
where the string coupling diverges towards the orientifold plane. We use the
heterotic-HW-I' duality to predict what should happen at such junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148854 </DOCNO>
Massless 3-brane in M-theory


  We construct supersymmetric M3-brane solutions in D=11 supergravity. They can
be viewed as deformations of backgrounds taking the form of a direct product of
four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime and a non-compact Ricci-flat manifold of
G_2 holonomy. Although the 4-form field strength is turned on it carries no
charge, and the 3-branes are correspondingly massless. We also obtain 3-branes
of a different type, arising as M5-branes wrapped over S^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95574 </DOCNO>
Cancellation and stable rank for direct limits of recursive


  We prove the following results for a unital simple direct limit $A$ of
recursive subhomogeneous algebras with no dimension growth:
       (1) A has stable rank 1.
       (2) The projections in $M_{\infty} (A)$ satisfy cancellation: if $e
\oplus q \sim f \oplus q$, then $e \sim f$.
       (3) $A$ satisfies Blackadar's Second Fundamental Comparability Question:
if $p, q \in M_{\infty} (A)$ are projections such that $\tau (p) < \tau (q)$
for all normalized traces $\tau$ on $A$, then $p$ is equivalent to a
subprojection of $q$.
       (4) $K_0 (A)$ is unperforated for the strict order: if $\eta \in K_0
(A)$ and there is $n > 0$ such that $n \eta > 0$, then $\eta > 0$.
        The last three of these results hold under certain weaker dimension
growth conditions and without assuming simplicity.
        We use these results to obtain previously unknown information on the
ordered K-theory of the crossed product $C^* (Z, X, h)$ obtained from a minimal
homeomorphism of an infinite finite dimensional compact metric space $X$.
Specifically, $K_0 (C^* (Z, X, h))$ is unperforated for the strict order, and
satisfies the following K-theoretic version of Blackadar's Second Fundamental
Comparability Question: if $\eta \in K_0 (A)$ satisfies $\tau_* (\et) > 0$ for
all normalized traces $\tau$ on $A$, then there is a projection $p \in
M_{\infty} (A)$ such that $\eta = [p]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 590 </DOCNO>
Particle density and non-local kinetic energy density functional for


  We evaluate analytically some ground state properties of two-dimensional
harmonically confined Fermi vapors with isotropy and for an arbitrary number of
closed shells. We first derive a differential form of the virial theorem and an
expression for the kinetic energy density in terms of the fermion particle
density and its low-order derivatives. These results allow an explicit
differential equation to be obtained for the particle density. The equation is
third-order, linear and homogeneous. We also obtain a relation between the
turning points of kinetic energy and particle densities, and an expression of
the non-local kinetic energy density functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127094 </DOCNO>
Second-Generation Objects in the Universe: Radiative Cooling and


  The first generation of protogalaxies likely formed out of primordial gas via
H2-cooling in cosmological minihalos with virial temperatures of a few 1000K.
However, their abundance is likely to have been severely limited by feedback
processes which suppressed H2 formation. The formation of the protogalaxies
responsible for reionization and metal-enrichment of the intergalactic medium,
then had to await the collapse of larger halos. Here we investigate the
radiative cooling and collapse of gas in halos with virial temperatures Tvir >
10^4K. In these halos, efficient atomic line radiation allows rapid cooling of
the gas to 8000 K; subsequently the gas can contract nearly isothermally at
this temperature. Without an additional coolant, the gas would likely settle
into a locally gravitationally stable disk; only disks with unusually low spin
would be unstable. However, we find that the initial atomic line cooling leaves
a large, out-of-equilibrium residual free electron fraction. This allows the
molecular fraction to build up to a universal value of about x(H2) = 10^-3,
almost independently of initial density and temperature. We show that this is a
non--equilibrium freezeout value that can be understood in terms of timescale
arguments. Furthermore, unlike in less massive halos, H2 formation is largely
impervious to feedback from external UV fields, due to the high initial
densities achieved by atomic cooling. The H2 molecules cool the gas further to
about 100K, and allow the gas to fragment on scales of a few 100 Msun. We
investigate the importance of various feedback effects such as
H2-photodissociation from internal UV fields and radiation pressure due to
Ly-alpha photon trapping, which are likely to regulate the efficiency of star
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128467 </DOCNO>
The Future of Gravitational Optics


  In this speculative, millenial essay, I try to anticipate what sort of novel
gravitational optics investigations might be observed, after it becomes
possible to map and monitor roughly a trillion sources (of which a billion may
be usefully variable) comprehensively throughout electromagnetic and other
spectra over the whole sky. Existing techniques suffice to produce three
dimensional maps of the dark matter distribution of the accessible universe, to
explore black hole spacetimes and to magnify images of the first luminous
sources, terrestrial planets and compact objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129298 </DOCNO>
Detection of negative superhumps in a LMXRB -- an end to the long debate


  The detection of two similar periodicities (3001 and 3028 s) in the light
curve of V1405 Aql, a low mass X-ray Binary (LMXRB), has attracted the
attention of many observers. Two basic competing models have been offered for
this system. According to the first, V1405 Aql is a triple system. The second
model invokes the presence of an accretion disc that precesses in the apsidal
plane, suggesting that the shorter period is the orbital period while the
longer is a positive superhump. The debate on the nature of V1405 Aql has been
continued until very recently. Re-examination of previously published X-ray
data reveals an additional periodicity of 2979 s, which is naturally
interpreted as a negative superhump. The recently found 4.8-d period is
consequently understood as the nodal precession of the disc. This is the first
firm detection of negative superhumps and nodal precession in a LMXRB. Our
results thus confirm the classification of V1405 Aql as a permanent superhump
system. The 14-year argument on the nature of this intriguing object has thus
finally come to an end. We find that the ratio between the negative superhump
deficit (over the orbital period) and the positive superhump excess is a
function of orbital period in systems that show both types of superhumps. This
relation presents some challenge to theory as it fits binaries with different
components. We propose that a thickening in the disc rim, which causes
increased occultation of the X-ray source, is the mechanism responsible for
both types of superhumps in LMXRBs. According to our model superhumps (both in
the X-ray and optical regimes) are permitted in high inclination LMXRBs
contrary to Haswell et al. (2001) prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75992 </DOCNO>
Discrete Symmetry and GUT Breaking


  We study the supersymmetric GUT models where the supersymmetry and GUT gauge
symmetry can be broken by the discrete symmetry. First, with the ansatz that
there exist discrete symmetries in the branes' neighborhoods, we discuss the
general reflection $Z_2$ symmetries and GUT breaking on $M^4\times M^1$ and
$M^4\times M^1\times M^1$. In those models, the extra dimensions can be large
and the KK states can be set arbitrarily heavy. Second, considering the extra
space manifold is the annulus $A^2$ or disc $D^2$, we can define any $Z_n$
symmetry and break any 6-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric SU(M) models down to
the 4-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)^{M-4}$
models for the zero modes. In particular, there might exist the interesting
scenario on $M^4\times A^2$ where just a few KK states are light, while the
others are relatively heavy. Third, we discuss the complete global discrete
symmetries on $M^4\times T^2$ and study the GUT breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98099 </DOCNO>
New upper bounds on sphere packings II


  We continue the study of the linear programming bounds for sphere packing
introduced by Cohn and Elkies. We give another proof of the principal theorem,
and prove that some functions they construct are optimal, subject to certain
constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148910 </DOCNO>
Excitations on wedge states and on the sliver


  We study ghost number one excitations on the sliver to investigate the
solution of string field actions around the tachyon vacuum. The generalized
gluing and resmoothing theorem is used to develop a method for evaluating the
effective action for excitations on both the wedge states and the sliver state.
We analyze the discrete symmetries of the resulting effective action for
excitations on the sliver. The gauge unfixed effective action till level two
excitations on the sliver is evaluated. This is done for the case with the BRST
operator $c_0$ and $c_0 + (c_2 + c_{-2})/2$ with excitations purely in the
ghost sector. We find that the values of the effective potential at the local
maximum lie close by for the zeroth and the second level of approximation. This
indicates that level truncation in string field theory around the tachyon
vacuum using excitations on the sliver converges for both choices of the BRST
operator. It also provides evidence for the conjectured string field theory
actions around the tachyon vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114337 </DOCNO>
Imitation of 2d quantum field theory by means of REM like models


  An imitation of 2d field theory is formulated by means of a model on the
hierarchic tree (with branching number close to one) with the same potential
and the free correlators identical to those of 2d ones. Such a model possesses
some features of original models for certain scale invariant theories. For the
case of 2d conformal models it is possible to derive exact results. The
renormalization group equation for the free energy is a reaction-diffusion
equation, which is noise-free KPZ equation with an additional linear term. For
the case of Liouville model and strings these models on trees may be naturally
expressed via the Random Energy Model. This correspondence is used to identify
the phase structure of strings for analytical continuation of DDK expressions.
A phase transition is found for spherical strings a bit below three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97805 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic accuracy of the jackknife variance estimator for certain


  We show that that the jackknife variance estimator $v_{jack}$ and the the
infinitesimal jackknife variance estimator are asymptotically equivalent if the
functional of interest is a smooth function of the mean or a smooth trimmed
L-statistic. We calculate the asymptotic variance of $v_{jack}$ for these
functionals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2919 </DOCNO>
Pulsed Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of Falling Bose Condensates


  We investigate macroscopic quantum tunneling of a Bose condensate and how it
is affected by the interatomic interaction. We study the dynamics of a
condensate falling under gravity and scattering on a Gaussian potential barrier
that models a mirror formed by a far-detuned sheet of light. We observe
bouncing, interference and quantum tunneling of the condensate. We find that
the tunneling rate is very sensitive to the interatomic interaction and to the
shape of the condensate. Under many conditions the tunneling rate is strongly
enhanced by the interaction as achieved, for instance, by increasing the number
of condensed particles. In a quasi 1D situation the tunneling pulse displays
two peaks. The quantum tunneling can be quasi-periodic and in this way one
could generate coherent Bose condensed atomic pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3927 </DOCNO>
Theory of Angular Magnetoresistance in CPP spin valves


  The resistance of CPP spin valve is a continuous function of the angle
$\theta $ between the magnetizations of both ferromagnets. We use the cicuit
theory for non-collinear magnetoelectronics to compute the angular
magnetoresistance of CPP spin valves taking the spin accumulation in the
ferromagnetic layers into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129607 </DOCNO>
The AGN content of hard X-ray surveys


  Multiwavelength observations of the hard X-ray selected sources discovered by
BeppoSAX, Chandra and XMM-Newton surveys have significantly improved our
knowledge of the AGN population. The increasing number of X-ray obscured AGN so
far discovered confirms the prediction of those AGN synthesis models for the
X-ray background based on the Unified scheme. However, follow-up optical
observations of hard X-ray selected sources indicate that their optical
properties are quite varied and the simple relations between optical and X-ray
absorption are by no means without exception. Moreover, there is evidence of a
substantial number of luminous X-ray sources hosted by apparently normal
galaxies. In this paper the results obtained from multiwavelength observations
of hard X-ray selected sources discovered by BeppoSAX and XMM-Newton are
presented and briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95644 </DOCNO>
BRST-resolution for Principally Graded Wakimoto module of {\hat sl_2}


  BRST-resolution is studied for the principally graded Wakimoto module of
{\hat sl_2} recently found in math.QA/0005203. The submodule structure is
completely determined and irreducible representations can be obtained as the
zero-th cohomology group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114214 </DOCNO>
On the miscible Rayleigh-Taylor instability: two and three dimensions


  We investigate the miscible Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability in both 2 and 3
dimensions using direct numerical simulations, where the working fluid is
assumed incompressible under the Boussinesq approximation. We first consider
the case of randomly perturbed interfaces. With a variety of diagnostics, we
develop a physical picture for the detailed temporal development of the mixed
layer: We identify three distinct evolutionary phases in the development of the
mixed layer, which can be related to detailed variations in the growth of the
mixing zone. Our analysis provides an explanation for the observed differences
between two and three-dimensional RT instability; the analysis also leads us to
concentrate on the RT models which (1) work equally well for both laminar and
turbulent flows, and (2) do not depend on turbulent scaling within the mixing
layer between fluids. These candidate RT models are based on point sources
within bubbles (or plumes) and interaction with each other (or the background
flow). With this motivation, we examine the evolution of single plumes, and
relate our numerical results (of single plumes) to a simple analytical model
for plume evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128237 </DOCNO>
Triggering the Formation of Young Clusters


  Star formation is triggered in essentially three ways: (1) the pressures from
existing stars collect and squeeze nearby dense gas into gravitationally
unstable configurations, (2) random compression from supersonic turbulence
makes new clouds and clumps, some of which are gravitationally unstable, and
(3) gravitational instabilities in large parts of a galaxy disk make giant new
clouds and spiral arms that fragment by the other two processes into a
hierarchy of smaller star-forming pieces. Examples of each process are given.
Most dense clusters in the solar neighborhood were triggered by external
stellar pressures. Most clusters and young stars on larger scales are organized
into hierarchical patterns with an age-size correlation, suggestive of
turbulence. Beads-on-a-string of star formation in spiral arms and resonance
rings indicate gravitational instabilities. The turbulence model explains the
mass spectrum of clusters, the correlation between the fraction of star
formation in the form of clusters and the star formation rate, found by Larsen
& Richtler, and the correlation between the size of the largest cluster and the
number of clusters in a galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128385 </DOCNO>
MUSICOS 1998: Optical and X-rays Observations of Flares on the RS CVn


  We present simultaneous and continuous observations of H_alpha, H_beta, NaI
D_1, D_2 and HeI D_3 lines of the chromospherically active binary HR 1099. We
have observed HR 1099 for more than 3 weeks almost continuously and monitored
two flares. An increase in H_alpha, CaII H & K, H_beta, HeI D_3 and HeI
lambda6678 and a strong filling-in of the NaI D_1, D_2 and MgI b triplet during
one of the flares are observed. We have found that the flares took place at the
same phase (0.85) of the binary orbit, and both of them seems to occur near the
limb. Several X-rays flares were also detected by ASM on board RXTE. Rotational
modulation in the X-rays light curve has been detected with maximum flux when
the active K1IV star is in front.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148793 </DOCNO>
D-Branes and N=1 Supersymmetry


  We discuss the recent proposal that BPS D-branes in Calabi-Yau
compactification of type II string theory are Pi-stable objects in the derived
category of coherent sheaves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126633 </DOCNO>
PMN J0134-0931: A gravitationally lensed quasar with an unusual radio


  The radio-loud quasar PMN J0134-0931 was discovered to have an unusual
morphology during our search for gravitational lenses. In VLA and MERLIN
images, there are 5 compact components with maximum separation 681
millarcseconds. All of these components have the same spectral index from 5 GHz
to 43 GHz. In a VLBA image at 1.7 GHz, a curved arc of extended emission joins
two of the components in a manner suggestive of gravitational lensing. At least
two of the radio components have near-infrared counterparts. We argue that this
evidence implies that J0134-0931 is a gravitational lens, although we have not
been able to devise a plausible model for the foreground gravitational
potential. Like several other radio-loud lenses, the background source has an
extraordinarily red optical counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2845 </DOCNO>
Influence of Point Defects on the Shear Elastic Coefficients and on the


  We present molecular dynamics simulations of the influence of point defects
on the shear elastic coefficients of copper. We find that vacancies do not
influence these coefficients at all, while the introduction of interstitials
causes a large reduction in the elastic coefficients. The simulations establish
a phase diagram of the melting temperature as a function of the density of
interstitials.
 A crystal having no free surface undergoes bulk mechanical melting as a result
of the vanishing of C'=(C/sub/11-C/sub/12)/2 once the specific volume reaches a
critical value, equal to the experimental volume of liquid phase. This critical
volume is history independent, in the sense that it can be reached either by
heating the crystal or by adding defects at a constant temperature. These
results generalize the Born model of melting for the case where point defects
are present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41612 </DOCNO>
Virtual Photon Structure at HERA


  Measurements of the structure of the virtual photon in the transition region
between quasi-real photons and those far from mass-shell have been made with
the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 38pb-1. Dijet
final states are identified, and differential cross sections are presented in
terms of xgo, an estimator of the fraction of the photon energy which takes
part in the QCD subprocess. Comparison is made to theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98633 </DOCNO>
A spanning set for VOA modules


  We develop a spanning set for weak modules of C_2 co-finite vertex operator
algebras. This spanning set has finiteness properties that we use to show weak
modules are C_n co-finite and A_n(M) is finite dimensional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4819 </DOCNO>
$\pi-0$ Transition in Superconductor-Ferromagnetic-Superconductor


  Superconductor-Ferromagnetic-Superconductor (SFS) Josephson junctions are
known to exhibit a transition between $\pi$ and 0 states. In this note we find
the $\pi-0$ phase diagram of an SFS junction depending on the transparency of
an intermediate insulating layer (I). We show that in general, the Josephson
critical current is nonzero at the $\pi-0$ transition temperature.
Contributions to the current from the two spin channels nearly compensate each
other and the first harmonic of the Josephson current as a function of phase
difference is suppressed. However, higher harmonics give a nonzero contribution
to the supercurrent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114041 </DOCNO>
On a quantitative method to analyse dynamical and measurement noise


  This letter reports on a new method to analyse empirical time series of a
dynamical system with respect to the types of noise involved. Based on
experimental and numerically generated data we show that it is possible to
differentiate between dynamical and measurement noise. This method is based on
the theory of diffusion processes, it neither depends on further assumptions,
as the form of the process, nor on any parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98495 </DOCNO>
Unimodular covers of multiples of polytopes


  Let P be a d-dimensional lattice polytope. We show that there exists a
natural number c_d, only depending on d, such that the multiples cP have a
unimodular cover for every natural number c >= c_d. Actually, a subexponential
upper bound for c_d is provided, together with an analogous result for
unimodular covers of rational cones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96437 </DOCNO>
On Schr\"odinger maps


  We study the question of well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for
Schr\"odinger maps from $\rone \times \rtwo$ to the sphere $\stwo$ or to
${\mathbb H^2}$, the hyperbolic space. The idea is to choose an appropriate
gauge change so that the derivatives of the map will satisfy a certain
nonlinear Schr\"odinger system of equations and then study this modified
Schr\"odinger map system (MSM). We then prove local well posedness of the
Cauchy problem for the MSM with minimal regularity assumptions on the data and
outline a method to derive well posedness of the Schr\"odinger map itself from
it. In proving well posedness of the MSM, the heart of the matter is resolved
by considering truly quatrilinear forms of weighted $L^2$ functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85783 </DOCNO>
A note on behaviour at an isotropic singularity


  The behaviour of Jacobi fields along a time-like geodesic running into an
isotropic singularity is studied. It is shown that the Jacobi fields are
crushed to zero length at a rate which is the same in every direction
orthogonal to the geodesic. We show by means of a counter-example that this
crushing effect depends crucially on a technicality of the definition of
isotropic singularities, and not just on the uniform degeneracy of the metric
at the singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72991 </DOCNO>
Remarks on flavor-neutrino propagators and oscillation formulae


  We examine the general structure of the formulae of neutrino oscillations
proposed by Blasone and Vitiello(BV). Reconstructing their formulae with the
retarded propagators of the flavor neutrino fields for the case of many
flavors, we can get easily the formulae which satisfy the suitable boundary
conditions and are independent of arbitrary mass parameters $\{\mu_{\rho}\}$,
as is obtained by BV for the case of two flavors. In this two flavor case, our
formulae reduce to those obtained by BV under $T$-invariance condition.
Furthermore, the reconstructed probabilities are shown to coincide with those
derived with recourse to the mass Hilbert space ${\cal H}_{m}$ which is
unitarily inequivalent to the flavor Hilbert space ${\cal H}_{f}$. Such a
situation is not found in the corresponding construction a la BV. Then the new
factors in the BV's formulae, which modify the usual oscill ation formulae, are
not the trace of the flavor Hilbert space construction, but come from
Bogolyubov transformation among the operators of spin-1/2 ne utrino with
different masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174868 </DOCNO>
A Honeycomb Proportional Counter for Photon Multiplicity Measurement in


  A honeycomb detector consisting of a matrix of 96 closely packed hexagonal
cells, each working as a proportional counter with a wire readout, was
fabricated and tested at the CERN PS. The cell depth and the radial dimensions
of the cell were small, in the range of 5-10 mm. The appropriate cell design
was arrived at using GARFIELD simulations. Two geometries are described
illustrating the effect of field shaping. The charged particle detection
efficiency and the preshower characteristics have been studied using pion and
electron beams. Average charged particle detection efficiency was found to be
98%, which is almost uniform within the cell volume and also within the array.
The preshower data show that the transverse size of the shower is in close
agreement with the results of simulations for a range of energies and converter
thicknesses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4957 </DOCNO>
Magnetic relaxation and critical current density of $MgB_2$ thin films


  Magnetic relaxation and critical current density have been measured on a
$MgB_2$ thin film in a wide region of temperature with the magnetic field up to
8 T. The irreversibility line has also been determined. It is found that the
relaxation rate has a very weak temperature dependence below $1/2 T_c$ showing
a clear residual relaxation rate at zero K, which cannot be easily explained as
due to thermally activated flux creep. Furthermore the relaxation rate has a
strong field dependence. The flux dynamics of thin films are very similar to
that of high pressure synthesized bulks although the relaxation rate in thin
film is systematically higher than that of a bulk sample. All the results here
together with those from the bulk samples suggest that the flux dynamics may be
dominated by the quantum effects, such as quantum fluctuation and tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74867 </DOCNO>
Bounding Noncommutative QCD


  Jurco, Moller, Schraml, Schupp, and Wess have shown how to construct
noncommutative SU(N) gauge theories from a consistency relation. Within this
framework, we present the Feynman rules for noncommutative QCD and compute
explicitly the most dangerous Lorentz-violating operator generated through
radiative corrections. We find that interesting effects appear at the one-loop
level, in contrast to conventional noncommutative U(N) gauge theories, leading
to a stringent bound. Our results are consistent with others appearing recently
in the literature that suggest collider limits are not competitive with
low-energy tests of Lorentz violation for bounding the scale of spacetime
noncommutativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1775 </DOCNO>
Excitons and Excitonic Molecules in Mixed $Zn(P_{1-x}As_{x})_{2}$


  Low-temperature (1.8 K) excitonic absorption, reflection and
photoluminescence spectra of mixed $Zn(P_{1 - x}As_{x})_{2}$ crystals were
studied at $x = $0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.05. Energy gap and rydbergs of
excitonic B, C and A-series decrease monotonically at the increase of $x$.
Spectral half-widths of absorption $n = 1$ lines of B and A-series increase
monotonically at the increase of $x$ due to fluctuations of crystal potential.
Emission lines of excitonic molecules were observed in photoluminescence
spectra of $Zn(P_{1 - x}As_{x})_{2}$ crystals. Binding energy of molecule
increases at the increase of $x$ that is due to the decrease of the
electron-hole mass ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97541 </DOCNO>
The Moyal-Lie Theory of Phase Space Quantum Mechanics


  A Lie algebraic approach to the unitary transformations in Weyl quantization
is discussed. This approach, being formally equivalent to the
$\star$-quantization, is an extension of the classical Poisson-Lie formalism
which can be used as an efficient tool in the quantum phase space
transformation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127165 </DOCNO>
Properties of Low-Redshift Damped Lyman Alpha Galaxies


  Images of five QSO fields containing six damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems at
redshifts 0.09<z<0.53 are presented. Identifications for the DLA galaxies
giving rise to the DLA systems are made. The observed and modeled
characteristics of the DLA galaxies are discussed. The DLA galaxies have impact
parameters ranging from < 4 kpc to \approx 34 kpc and luminosities in the range
\approx 0.03L* to \approx 1.3L*. Their morphologies include amorphous low
surface brightness systems, a probable dwarf spiral, and luminous spirals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87158 </DOCNO>
Entropy from the foam II


  A simple model of spacetime foam, made by two different types of wormholes in
a semiclassical approximation, is taken under examination: one type is a
collection of $N_{w}$ Schwarzschild wormholes, while the other one is made by
Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter wormholes. The area quantization related to the
entropy via the Bekenstein-Hawking formula hints a possible selection between
the two configurations. Application to the charged black hole are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73204 </DOCNO>
Latest Results from the Heidelberg-Moscow Double Beta Decay Experiment


  New results for the double beta decay of 76Ge are presented. They are
extracted from Data obtained with the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW, which operates five
enriched 76Ge detectors in an extreme low-level environment in the GRAN SASSO.
The two neutrino accompanied double beta decay is evaluated for the first time
for all five detectors with a statistical significance of 47.7 kg y resulting
in a half life of (T_(1/2))^(2nu) = [1.55 +- 0.01 (stat) (+0.19) (-0.15)
(syst)] x 10^(21) years. The lower limit on the half-life of the 0nu beta-beta
decay obtained with pulse shape analysis is (T_(1/2))^(0_nu) > 1.9 x 10^(25)
[3.1 x 10^(25)] years with 90% C.L. (68% C.L.) (with 35.5 kg y). This results
in an upper limit of the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 0.35 eV (0.27 eV).
No evidence for a Majoron emitting decay mode or for the neutrinoless mode is
observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81415 </DOCNO>
Searching for dynamical fermion effects in UKQCD simulations


  We present recent results from the UKQCD collaboration's dynamical QCD
simulations. This data has fixed lattice spacing but varying dynamical quark
mass. We concentrate on searching for an unquenching signal in the mesonic mass
spectrum where we do not find a significant effect at the quark masses
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 272 </DOCNO>
Probability Distributions of Line Lattices in Random Media from the 1D


  The statistical properties of a two dimensional lattice of elastic lines in a
random medium are studied using the Bethe ansatz. We present a novel mapping of
the dilute random line lattice onto the weak coupling limit of a pure Bose gas
with delta-function interactions. Using this mapping, we calculate the
cumulants of the free energy in the dilute limit exactly. The relation between
density and displacement correlation functions in the two models is examined
and compared with existing results from renormalization group and variational
ansaetze.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96027 </DOCNO>
The skein polynomial of closed 3-braids


  Using the band representation of the 3-strand braid group, it is shown that
the genus of 3-braid links can be read off their skein polynomial. Some
applications are given, in particular a simple proof of Morton's conjectured
inequality and a condition to decide that some polynomials, like the one of
9_{49}, are not admitted by 3-braid links. Finally, alternating links of braid
index 3 are classified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6465 </DOCNO>
Probing Spin States of Coupled Quantum Dots by dc Josephson Current


  We propose an idea for probing spin states of two coupled quantum dots (CQD),
by the dc Josephson current flowing through them. This theory requires weak
coupling between CQD and electrodes, but allows arbitrary inter-dot tunnel
coupling, intra- and inter- dot Coulomb interactions. We find that the Coulomb
blockade peaks exhibit a non-monotonous dependence on the Zeeman splitting of
CQD, which can be understood in terms of the Andreev bound states. More
importantly, the supercurrent in the Coulomb blockade valleys may provide the
information of the spin states of CQD: for CQD with total electron number N=1,3
(odd), the supercurrent will reverse its sign if CQD becomes a magnetic
molecule; for CQD with N=2 (even), the supercurrent will decrease sharply
around the transition between the spin singlet and triplet ground states of
CQD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85759 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear mode coupling in rotating stars and the r-mode instability in


  We develop the formalism required to study the nonlinear interaction of modes
in rotating Newtonian stars in the weakly nonlinear regime. The formalism
simplifies and extends previous treatments. At linear order, we elucidate and
extend slightly a formalism due to Schutz, show how to decompose a general
motion of a rotating star into a sum over modes, and obtain uncoupled equations
of motion for the mode amplitudes under the influence of an external force.
Nonlinear effects are added perturbatively via three-mode couplings. We
describe a new, efficient way to compute the coupling coefficients, to zeroth
order in the stellar rotation rate, using spin-weighted spherical harmonics.
 We apply this formalism to derive some properties of the coupling coefficients
relevant to the nonlinear interactions of unstable r-modes in neutron stars,
postponing numerical integrations of the coupled equations of motion to a later
paper. From an astrophysical viewpoint, the most interesting result of this
paper is that many couplings of r-modes to other rotational modes (modes with
zero frequencies in the non-rotating limit) are small: either they vanish
altogether because of various selection rules, or they vanish to lowest order
in the angular velocity. In zero-buoyancy stars, the coupling of three r-modes
is forbidden entirely and the coupling of two r-modes to one hybrid rotational
mode vanishes to zeroth order in rotation frequency. In incompressible stars,
the coupling of any three rotational modes vanishes to zeroth order in rotation
frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99065 </DOCNO>
A differential ideal of symmetric polynomials spanned by Jack


  For each pair of positive integers (k,r) such that k+1,r-1 are coprime, we
introduce an ideal $I^{(k,r)}_n$ of the ring of symmetric polynomials. The
ideal $I^{(k,r)}_n$ has a basis consisting of Jack polynomials with parameter
$\beta=-(r-1)/(k+1)$, and admits an action of a family of differential
operators of Dunkl type including the positive half of the Virasoro algebra.
The space $I^{(k,2)}_n$ coincides with the space of all symmetric polynomials
in $n$ variables which vanish when $k+1$ variables are set equal. The space
$I_n^{(2,r)}$ coincides with the space of correlation functions of an abelian
current of a vertex operator algebra related to Virasoro minimal series
(3,r+2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5031 </DOCNO>
A note on the osp(1|2s) thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equation


  A Bethe ansatz equation associated with the Lie superalgebra osp(1|2s) is
studied. A thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) equation is derived by the string
hypothesis. The high temperature limit of the entropy density is expressed in
terms of the solution of the osp(1|2s) version of the Q-system. In particular
for fundamental representation case, we also derive a TBA equation from the
osp(1|2s) version of the T-system and the quantum transfer matrix method. This
TBA equation is identical to the one from the string hypothesis. The central
charge is expressed by the Rogers dilogarithmic function, and identified to s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4172 </DOCNO>
New two dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets: synthesis,


  The magnetic susceptibility and magnetization of two new layered S=1/2
Heisenberg antiferromagnets with moderate exchange are reported. The two
isostructural compounds, (2-amino-5-chloropyridinium)2CuBr4 ((5CAP)2CuBr4) and
(2-amino-5-methylpyridinium)2CuBr4 ((5MAP)2CuBr4), contain S=1/2, Cu(II) ions
related by C-centering, yielding four equivalent nearest neighbors. The crystal
structure of newly synthesized compound, (5CAP)2CuBr4, shows the existence of
layers of distorted copper(II)-bromide tetrahedra parallel to the ab plane,
separated by the organic cations along the c axis. Magnetic pathways are
available through the bromide-bromide contacts within the layers and provide
for moderate antiferromagnetic exchange. Susceptibility measurements indicate
interaction strengths to be 8.5(1) K, and 6.5(1) K and ordering temperatures of
5.1(2) K and 3.8(2) K for (5CAP)2CuBr4 and (5MAP)2CuBr4 respectively. High
field magnetization experiments on both compounds show upward curvature of
M(H,T). Magnetization measurements made at T = 1.3 K show saturation occurs in
(5MAP)2CuBr4 at 18.8 T and in (5CAP)2CuBr4 at 24.1 T. The magnetization curves
are consistent with recent theoretical predictions. Single crystal
magnetization measured at 2.0 K indicate a spin flop transition at 0.38 T and
0.63 T for (5CAP)2CuBr4 and (5MAP)2CuBr4 respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 290 </DOCNO>
Disordered Hubbard Model with Attraction: Coupling Energy of Cooper


  We generalize the Cooper problem to the case of many interacting particles in
the vicinity of the Fermi level in the presence of disorder. On the basis of
this approach we study numerically the variation of the pair coupling energy in
small clusters as a function of disorder. We show that the Cooper pair energy
is strongly enhanced by disorder, which at the same time leads to the
localization of pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148200 </DOCNO>
D-Branes and Vanishing Cycles in Higher Dimensions


  We investigate the quantum volume of D-branes wrapped around cycles of
various dimension in Calabi-Yau fourfolds and fivefolds. Examining the cases of
the sextic and heptic hypersurface Calabi-Yau varieties, as well as one example
in weighted projective space, we find expressions for periods which vanish at
the singular point analogous to the conifold point. As in the known
three-dimensional cases, it is the top dimensional cycle which attains zero
quantum volume, even though lower dimensional cycles remain non-degenerate,
indicating this phenomena to be a general feature of quantum geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86804 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Condensate Stars: An Alternative to Black Holes


  A new solution for the endpoint of gravitational collapse is proposed. By
extending the concept of Bose-Einstein condensation to gravitational systems, a
cold, compact object with an interior de Sitter condensate phase and an
exterior Schwarzschild geometry of arbitrary total mass M is constructed. These
are separated by a phase boundary with a small but finite thickness of fluid
with eq. of state p=+\rho, replacing both the Schwarzschild and de Sitter
classical horizons. The new solution has no singularities, no event horizons,
and a global time. Its entropy is maximized under small fluctuations and is
given by the standard hydrodynamic entropy of the thin shell, instead of the
Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Unlike black holes, a collapsed star of this kind
is thermodynamically stable and has no information paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85771 </DOCNO>
Quantum nondemolition measurements and non-Newtonian Gravity


  In the present work the detection, by means of a nondemolition measurement,
of a Yukawa term, coexisting simultaneously with gravity, has been considered.
In other words, a nondemolition variable for the case of a particle immersed in
a gravitational field containing a Yukawa term is obtained. Afterwards the
continuous monitoring of this nondemolition parameter is analyzed, the
corresponding propagator is evaluated, and the probabilities associated with
the possible measurement outputs are found. The relevance of these kind of
proposals in connection with some unified theories of elementary particles has
been underlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149482 </DOCNO>
General covariance of the non-abelian DBI-action


  In this paper we study the action for N D0-branes in a curved background. In
particular, we focus on the meaning of space-time diffeomorphism invariance.
For a single D-brane, diffeomorphism invariance acts in a naive way on the
world-volume fields, but for multiple D-branes, the meaning of diffeomorphism
invariance is much more obscure. The problem goes beyond the determination of
an ordering of the U(N)-valued fields, because one can show that there is no
lift of ordinary diffeomorphisms to matrix-valued diffeomorphisms. On the other
hand, the action can presumably be constructed from perturbative string theory
calculations. Based on the general characteristics of such calculations we
determine a set of constraints on the action for N D0-branes, that ensure
space-time covariance. These constraints can be solved order by order, but they
are insufficient to determine the action completely. All solutions to the
constraints obey the axioms of D-geometry. Moreover the action must contain new
terms. This exhibits clearly that the answer is more than a suitable ordering
of the action of a single D0 brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6178 </DOCNO>
Synchronization on small-world networks


  We investigate collective synchronization in a system of coupled oscillators
on small-world networks. The order parameters which measure synchronization of
phases and frequencies are introduced and analyzed by means of dynamic
simulations and finite-size scaling. Phase synchronization is observed to
emerge in the presence of even a tiny fraction $P$ of shortcuts and to display
saturated behavior for $P \gtrsim 0.5$. This indicates that the same
synchronizability as the random network (P=1) can be achieved with relatively
small number of shortcuts. The transient behavior of the synchronization,
obtained from the measurement of the relaxation time, is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1106 </DOCNO>
Excitons in one-dimensional Mott insulators


  We employ dynamical density-matrix renormalization group (DDMRG) and
field-theory methods to determine the frequency-dependent optical conductivity
in one-dimensional extended, half-filled Hubbard models. The field-theory
approach is applicable to the regime of `small' Mott gaps which is the most
difficult to access by DDMRG. For very large Mott gaps the DDMRG recovers
analytical results obtained previously by means of strong-coupling techniques.
We focus on exciton formation at energies below the onset of the absorption
continuum. As a consequence of spin-charge separation, these Mott-Hubbard
excitons are bound states of spinless, charged excitations (`holon-antiholon'
pairs). We also determine exciton binding energies and sizes. In contrast to
simple band insulators, we observe that excitons exist in the Mott-insulating
phase only for a sufficiently strong intersite Coulomb repulsion. Furthermore,
our results show that the exciton binding energy and size are not related in a
simple way to the strength of the Coulomb interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41406 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the branching fractions of exclusive charmless B meson


  We present the results of searches for B decays to charmless two-body final
states containing $\eta^\prime$ or $\omega$ mesons, based on 20.7 fb$^{-1}$ of
data collected with the BABAR detector. We find the branching fractions ${\cal
B}(B^+\to\eta^\prime K^+) = (70\pm 8\pm 5)\times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal
B}(B^0\to\eta^\prime K^0) = (42^{+13}_{-11}\pm 4)\times 10^{-6}$, and ${\cal
B}(B^+\to\omega\pi^+)=6.6^{+2.1}_{-1.8}\pm 0.7)\times 10^{-6}$ where the first
error quoted is statistical and the second systematic. We give measurements of
four additional modes for which the 90% confidence level upper limits are
${\cal B}(B^0\to\omega K^0) < 13\times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal B}(B^+\to\eta^\prime
\pi^+) < 12\times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal B}(B^+\to \omega K^+) < 4\times 10^{-6}$,
and ${\cal B}(B^0\to\omega\pi^0) < 3\times 10^{-6}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95834 </DOCNO>
The Local Moduli of Sasakian 3-Manifolds


  The Newman-Penrose-Perjes formalism is applied to Sasakian 3-manifolds and
the local form of the metric and contact structure is presented. The local
moduli space can be parameterised by a single function of two variables and it
is shown that, given any smooth function of two variables, there exists locally
a Sasakian structure with scalar curvature equal to this function. The case
where the scalar curvature is constant ($\eta$-Einstein Sasakian metrics) is
completely solved locally. The resulting Sasakian manifolds include $S^3$,
$Nil$ and $\tilde{SL_2R}$, as well as the Berger spheres. It is also shown that
a conformally flat Sasakian 3-manifold is Einstein of positive scalar
curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6108 </DOCNO>
Self-adapting method for the localization of quantum critical points


  A generalization to the quantum case of a recently introduced algorithm (Y.
Tomita and Y. Okabe, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86}, 572 (2001)) for the
determination of the critical temperature of classical spin models is proposed.
We describe a simple method to automatically locate critical points in
(Quantum) Monte Carlo simulations. The algorithm assumes the existence of a
finite correlation length in at least one of the two phases surrounding the
quantum critical point. We illustrate these ideas on the example of the
critical inter-chain coupling for which coupled antiferromagnetic S=1 spin
chains order at T=0. Finite-size scaling relations are used to determine the
exponents, $\nu=0.72(2)$ and $\eta=0.038(3)$ in agreement with previous
estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2345 </DOCNO>
Angular dependence of novel magnetic quantum oscillations in a


  The semiclassical Lifshitz-Kosevich-type description is given for the angular
dependence of quantum oscillations with combination frequencies in a multiband
quasi-two-dimensional Fermi liquid with a constant number of electrons. The
analytical expressions are found for the Dingle, thermal, spin, and amplitude
(Yamaji) reduction factors of the novel combination harmonics, where the latter
two strongly oscillate with the direction of the field. At the "magic" angles
those factors reduce to the purely two-dimensional expressions given earlier.
The combination harmonics are suppressed in the presence of the non-quantized
("background") states, and they decay exponentially faster with temperature
and/or disorder compared to the standard harmonics, providing an additional
tool for electronic structure determination. The theory is applied to
Sr$_2$RuO$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169126 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Stable Quantum Computation of Unstable Classical Chaos"


  This is a 1-page comment on a wrong paper that recently appeared in PRL
(Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (23), 5393 (2001), also quant-ph/0101004). The authors
claim to have shown that using a quantum computer gives an "exponential
advantage" for simulating and studying classical chaotic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6028 </DOCNO>
Conductance of metallic carbon nanotubes dipped into a metal


  We calculate the conductance variation of several metallic carbon nanotubes
as their end is being dipped into a liquid metal electrode, where experiments
have shown an achievable conductance close to 1 quantum of conductance. The
calculated conductance for a (40,40) nanotube indicates that the current flows
almost entirely through the pi mode, and not the pi* mode. The calculation also
predicts that for narrower nanotubes (~1 nm in diameter), in a 'weak coupling'
regime, the saturation of both pi and pi* modes should be observable. An
experiment is proposed to verify this point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73440 </DOCNO>
Higgs Boson Decays in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with


  We re-evaluate the decays of the Higgs bosons in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM) where the tree-level CP invariance of the Higgs potential
is explicitly broken by the loop effects of the third-generation squarks with
CP-violating soft-breaking Yukawa interactions. This study is based on the mass
matrix of the neutral Higgs bosons that is valid for arbitrary values of all
the relevant MSSM parameters. It extends the previous work considerably by
including neutral Higgs-boson decays into virtual gauge bosons and those into
top-squark pairs, by implementing squark-loop contributions to the two-gluon
decay channel, and by incorporating the decays of the charged Higgs boson. The
constraints from the electron electric dipole moment on the CP phases are also
discussed. We find that the branching fractions of both the neutral and charged
Higgs-boson decays and their total decay widths depend strongly on the CP
phases of the top (and bottom) squark sectors through the loop-induced neutral
Higgs boson mixing as well as the direct couplings of the neutral Higgs bosons
to top squark pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7489 </DOCNO>
Projection on higher Landau levels and non Commutative Geometry


  The projection of a two dimensional planar system on the higher Landau levels
of an external magnetic field is formulated in the language of the non
commutative plane and leads to a new class of star products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6218 </DOCNO>
Quantum Order: a Quantum Entanglement of Many Particles


  It is pointed out that quantum states, in general, contain a new kind of
orders that cannot be characterized by symmetry. A concept of quantum order is
introduced to describe such orders. As two concrete examples, we discussed
quantum orders in free fermion systems and in 2D spin-1/2 systems. We
generalize the Landau's theory for the classical orders and introduce
projective symmetry group and Fermi surface topology to characterize different
quantum orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97090 </DOCNO>
On Mildenhall's Theorem


  We show that Mildenhall's theorem implies that the indecomposable higher Chow
group of a self-product of an elliptic curve over the complex number field is
infinite dimensional, if the elliptic curve is modular and defined over
rational numbers. For the moment we cannot prove even the nontriviality of the
indecomposable higher Chow group by a complex analytic method in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5751 </DOCNO>
Low-temperature specific heat and thermal conductivity of glycerol


  We have measured the thermal conductivity of glassy glycerol between 1.5 K
and 100 K, as well as the specific heat of both glassy and crystalline phases
of glycerol between 0.5 K and 25 K. We discuss both low-temperature properties
of this typical molecular glass in terms of the soft-potential model. Our
finding of an excellent agreement between its predictions and experimental data
for these two independent measurements constitutes a robust proof of the
capabilities of the soft-potential model to account for the low-temperature
properties of glasses in a wide temperature range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126045 </DOCNO>
Time Dependence in Plasma Codes


  Time-dependent plasma codes are a natural extension of static nonequilibrium
plasma codes. Comparing relevant timescales will determine whether or not
time-dependent treatment is necessary. In this article I outline the
ingredients for a time-dependent plasma code in a homogeneous medium and
discuss the computational method. In the second half of the article I describe
recombination in the early Universe as a detailed example of a problem whose
solution requires a time-dependent plasma code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3950 </DOCNO>
P-wave pairing and ferromagnetism in the metal-insulator transition in


  Based on recent experimental evidence for a spin polarized ground state in
the insulating phase of the two-dimensional electron system, we propose that
ferromagnetic spin fluctuations lead to an attractive interaction in the
triplet channel and cause p-wave pairing in the conducting phase. We use the
Landau Fermi liquid phenomenology to explain how the enhanced spin
susceptibility near the critical density yields an attractive potential, in a
similar mechanism to superfluidity in $^3$He. As the density is decreased, the
p-wave order parameter undergoes a transition from a unitary to a nonunitary
state, in which it coexists with ferromagnetism for a range of densities. As
the density is further reduced, the pairing amplitude vanishes and the system
is described by a ferromagnetic insulator. Thus, we find two quantum critical
points as a function of density associated with the polarization of the paired
state and ferromagnetism. We explain the magnetotransport measurements in
parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields and propose a shot noise experiment
to measure the pair charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149801 </DOCNO>
Superfield Noether Procedure


  We develop a superspace Noether procedure for supersymmetric field theories
in 4-dimensions for which an off-shell formulation in ordinary superspace
exists. In this way we obtain an elegant and compact derivation of the various
supercurrents in these theories. We then apply this formalism to compute the
central charges for a variety of effective actions. As a by-product we also
obtain a simple derivation of the anomalous superconformal Ward-identity in N=2
Yang-Mills theory. The connection with linearized supergravity is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1001 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Study of Excitations in a 3D Spin Liquid


  In order to characterize thermal excitations in a frustrated spin liquid, we
have examined the magnetothermodynamics of a model geometrically frustrated
magnet. Our data demonstrate a crossover in the nature of the spin excitations
between the spin liquid phase and the high-temperature paramagnetic state. The
temperature dependence of both the specific heat and magnetization in the spin
liquid phase can be fit within a simple model which assumes that the spin
excitations have a gapped quadratic dispersion relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149607 </DOCNO>
Matrix $\phi^4$ Models on the Fuzzy Sphere and their Continuum Limits


  We demonstrate that the UV/IR mixing problems found recently for a scalar
$\phi^4$ theory on the fuzzy sphere are localized to tadpole diagrams and can
be overcome by a suitable modification of the action. This modification is
equivalent to normal ordering the $\phi^4$ vertex. In the limit of the
commutative sphere, the perturbation theory of this modified action matches
that of the commutative theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72558 </DOCNO>
Q Rings


  We show the existence of new stable ring-like localized scalar field
configurations whose stability is due to a combination of topological and
nontopological charges. In that sense these defects may be called
semitopological. These rings are Noether charged and also carry Noether current
(they are superconducting). They are local minima of the energy in scalar field
theories with an unbroken U(1) global symmetry. We obtain numerical solutions
of the field configuration corresponding to large rings and derive virial
theorems demonstrating their stability. We also derive the minimum energy field
configurations in 3D and simulate the evolution of a finite size Q ring on a
three dimensional lattice thus generalizing our demonstration of stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1622 </DOCNO>
Fractal geometry of normal phase clusters and magnetic flux trapping in


  The effect of geometry and morphology of superconducting structure on
magnetic flux trapping is considered. It is found that the clusters of normal
phase, which act as pinning centers, have significant fractal properties. The
fractal dimension of the boundary of these clusters is estimated using a simple
area-perimeter relation. A superconductor is treated as a percolation system.
It is revealed that the fractality intensifies the magnetic flux trapping and
thereby enhances the critical current value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129257 </DOCNO>
What is the manifestation of a "quasar" at z > 10^{10} ?


  The process of forming an image of a cosmological point source (CPS) in
condition of high optical depth is considered accounting for all types of
interactions. It is shown that the energy conservation law causes the size of
this image which is keeping constant over all redshifts of the CPSs. This
effect must be taken into account for the consideration of the angular power
spectrum of the CMBR. In particular, distant point sources and small scale
fluctuations which were damping before recombination will contribute their
energy in the region of angular scale \theta_0 \approx 20'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76483 </DOCNO>
Natural Inflation from Supergravity


  We write the supergravity potential in a form particularly simple for
calculations involving polynomial expressions for the superpotential and
K\"{a}hler potential. We then show that models of inflation of the ``natural''
type occur very naturally in supergravity. We show in a simple case that this
potential is of the hybrid type although initially only one complex scalar
field is present. We then obtain analytic closed form expressions for all the
relevant inflationary quantities and discuss the possibility of having
supersymmetry breaking in one (radial) direction while inflating by the angular
component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86659 </DOCNO>
Scalar field induced oscillations of neutron stars and gravitational


  We study the interaction of massless scalar fields with self-gravitating
neutron stars by means of fully dynamic numerical simulations of the
Einstein-Klein-Gordon perfect fluid system. Our investigation is restricted to
spherical symmetry and the neutron stars are approximated by relativistic
polytropes. Studying the nonlinear dynamics of isolated neutron stars is very
effectively performed within the characteristic formulation of general
relativity, in which the spacetime is foliated by a family of outgoing light
cones. We are able to compactify the entire spacetime on a computational grid
and simultaneously impose natural radiative boundary conditions and extract
accurate radiative signals. We study the transfer of energy from the scalar
field to the fluid star. We find, in particular, that depending on the
compactness of the neutron star model, the scalar wave forces the neutron star
either to oscillate in its radial modes of pulsation or to undergo
gravitational collapse to a black hole on a dynamical timescale. The radiative
signal, read off at future null infinity, shows quasi-normal oscillations
before the setting of a late time power-law tail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149713 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Supersymmetry in Two Dimensions


  Based on the noncommutativity of translations in a noncommutative plane, we
arrive at a new generalization of the usual supersymmetry algebra appropriate
to a noncommutative deformation of the 2-dimensional Euclidean group. Our
construction is based on finding differential representations of the generators
as operators acting on the space of superfields. We find that the
(anti)commutators between the supersymmetry and translation generators are
non-vanishing and involve a new set of generators. We then analyze the spectrum
of this superalgebra and find its fundamental and adjoint representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2577 </DOCNO>
Electronic structures of antiperovskite superconductors: MgXNi$_3$


  We have investigated electronic structures of a newly discovered
antiperovskite superconductor MgCNi$_3$ and related compounds MgBNi$_3$ and
MgNNi$_3$. In MgCNi$_3$, a peak of very narrow and high density of states is
located just below $\rm E_F$, which corresponds to the $\pi^*$ antibonding
state of Ni-3d and C-$2p$ but with the predominant Ni-3d character. The
prominent nesting feature is observed in the $\Gamma$-centered electron Fermi
surface of an octahedron-cage-like shape that originates from the 19th band.
The estimated superconducting parameters based on the simple rigid-ion
approximation are in reasonable agreement with experiment, suggesting that the
superconductivity in MgCNi$_3$ is described well by the conventional phonon
mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168709 </DOCNO>
Violations of local realism by two entangled quNits


  Results obtained in two recent papers, \cite{Kaszlikowski} and \cite{Durt},
seem to indicate that the nonlocal character of the correlations between the
outcomes of measurements performed on entangled systems separated in space is
not robust in the presence of noise. This is surprising, since entanglement
itself is robust. Here we revisit this problem and argue that the class of
gedanken-experiments considered in \cite{Kaszlikowski} and \cite{Durt} is too
restrictive. By considering a more general class, involving sequences of
measurements, we prove that the nonlocal correlations are in fact robust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75537 </DOCNO>
Intermediate Scale Supersymmetric Inflation, Matter and Dark Energy


  We consider supersymmetric inflation models in which inflation occurs at an
intermediate scale and which provide a solution to the $\mu$ problem and the
strong CP problem. Such models are particularly attractive since inflation,
baryogenesis and the relic abundance of cold dark matter are all related by a
set of parameters which also affect particle physics collider phenomena,
neutrino masses and the strong CP problem. For such models the natural
situation is a universe containing matter composed of baryons, massive
neutrinos, lightest superpartner cold dark matter, and axions. The present day
relic abundances of these different forms of matter are (in principle)
calculable from the supersymmetric inflation model together with a measurement
of the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. From these relic abundances one
can deduce the amount of the present day dark energy density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73817 </DOCNO>
A note on inequalities for the masses of the lightest pi-pi resonances


  We derive and analyse inequalities relating masses of the lightest pi-pi
resonances (rho and sigma) to low energy couplings of the effective chiral
Lagrangian in the limit of large number of colours.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 398 </DOCNO>
Magnetic ordering in Sr2RuO4 induced by nonmagnetic impurities


  We report unusual effects of nonmagnetic impurities on the spin-triplet
superconductor Sr2RuO4. The substitution of nonmagnetic Ti4+ for Ru4+ induces
localized-moment magnetism characterized by unexpected Ising anisotropy with
the easy axis along the interlayer c direction. Furthermore, for x(Ti) > 0.03
magnetic ordering occurs in the metallic state with the remnant magnetization
along the c-axis. We argue that the localized moments are induced in the Ru4+
and/or oxygen ions surrounding Ti4+ and that the ordering is due to their
interaction mediated by itinerant Ru-4d electrons with strong spin
fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85789 </DOCNO>
Diagrams for heat kernel expansions


  A diagramatic heat kernel expansion technique is presented. The method is
especially well suited to the small-derivative expansion of the heat kernel,
but it can also be used to reproduce the results obtained by the approach known
as covariant perturbation theory. The new technique gives an expansion for the
heat kernel at coincident points. It can also be used to obtain the derivative
of the heat kernel and this is useful for evaluating the expectation values of
the stress-energy tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125158 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the Emission Components in the Quasar/NLS1 PG1211+143


  We present the study of the emission properties of the quasar PG1211+143,
which belongs to the class of Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies. On the basis of
observational data analyzed by us and collected from the literature, we study
the temporal and spectral variability of the source in the optical/UV/X-ray
bands and we propose a model that explains the spectrum emitted in this broad
energy range. In this model, the intrinsic emission originating in the warm
skin of the accretion disk is responsible for the spectral component that is
dominant in the softest X-ray range. The shape of reflected spectrum as well as
Fe K line detected in hard X-rays require the reflecting medium to be mildly
ionized (xi~500). We identify this reflector with the warm skin of the disk and
we show that the heating of the skin is consistent with the classical alpha
P_{tot} prescription, while alpha P_{gas} option is at least two orders of
magnitude too low to provide the required heating. We find that the mass of the
central black hole is relatively small (M_BH~10^7- 10^8 Msun, which is
consistent with the Broad Line Region mapping results and characteristic for
NLS1 class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129512 </DOCNO>
Hot Accretion onto White Dwarfs in Quiescent Dwarf Novae


  We present dynamically consistent solutions for hot accretion onto
unmagnetized, rotating white dwarfs (WDs) in five quiescent dwarf novae. The
measured WD rotation rates (and other system parameters) in RX And, SS Cyg, U
Gem, VW Hyi and WZ Sge imply spindown of the WD by an extended hot flow
emitting most of its X-rays in the vicinity of the stellar surface. In general,
energy advection is absent and the flow is stable to convection and
hydrodynamical outflows. In rapidly rotating systems, the X-ray luminosity
provides only an upper limit on the quiescent accretion rate because of
substantial stellar spindown luminosity. We suggest that the presence of hot
flows in quiescent dwarf novae may limit the long-term WD rotation rates to
significantly sub-Keplerian values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74565 </DOCNO>
Thermally Generated Gauge Singlet Scalars as Self-Interacting Dark


  We show that a gauge singlet scalar S, with a coupling to the Higgs doublet
of the form lambda_{S} S^{\dagger}S H^{\dagger}H and with the S mass entirely
generated by the Higgs expectation value, has a thermally generated relic
density Omega_{S} \approx 0.3 if m_{S} \approx
(2.9-10.5)(Omega_{S}/0.3)^{1/5}(h/0.7)^{2/5} MeV for Higgs boson masses in the
range 115 GeV to 1 TeV. Remarkably, this is very similar to the range (m_{S} =
(6.6-15.4)\eta^{2/3} MeV) required in order for the self-interaction
(\eta/4)(S^{\dagger}S)^{2} to account for self-interacting dark matter when
\eta is not much smaller than 1. The corresponding coupling is lambda_{S}
\approx (2.7 \times 10^{-10} - 3.6 \times
10^{-9})(Omega_{S}/0.3)^{2/5}(h/0.7)^{4/5}, implying that such scalars are very
weakly coupled to the Standard Model sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113626 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Lagrangian velocity in fully developed turbulence


  We have developed a new experimental technique to measure the Lagrangian
velocity of tracer particles in a turbulent flow, based on ultrasonic Doppler
tracking. This method yields a direct access to the velocity of a single
particule at a turbulent Reynolds number $R_{\lambda} = 740$. Its dynamics is
analyzed with two decades of time resolution, below the Lagrangian correlation
time. We observe that the Lagrangian velocity spectrum has a Lorentzian form
$E^{L}(\omega) = u_{rms}^{2} T_{L} / (1 + (T_{L}\omega)^{2})$, in agreement
with a Kolmogorov-like scaling in the inertial range. The probability density
function (PDF) of the velocity time increments displays a change of shape from
quasi-Gaussian a integral time scale to stretched exponential tails at the
smallest time increments. This intermittency, when measured from relative
scaling exponents of structure functions, is more pronounced than in the
Eulerian framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85836 </DOCNO>
On the topology and area of higher dimensional black holes


  Over the past decade there has been an increasing interest in the study of
black holes, and related objects, in higher (and lower) dimensions, motivated
to a large extent by developments in string theory. The aim of the present
paper is to obtain higher dimensional analogues of some well known results for
black holes in 3+1 dimensions. More precisely, we obtain extensions to higher
dimensions of Hawking's black hole topology theorem for asymptotically flat
($\Lambda=0$) black hole spacetimes, and Gibbons' and Woolgar's genus
dependent, lower entropy bound for topological black holes in asymptotically
locally anti-de Sitter ($\Lambda<0$) spacetimes. In higher dimensions the genus
is replaced by the so-called $\sigma$-constant, or Yamabe invariant, which is a
fundamental topological invariant of smooth compact manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7172 </DOCNO>
Critical Dynamics of Burst Instabilities in the Portevin-Le Chatelier


  We investigate the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect (PLC), by compressing Al-Mg
alloys in a very large deformation range, and interpret the results from the
viewpoint of phase transitions and critical phenomena. The system undergoes two
dynamical phase transitions between intermittent (or "jerky") and "laminar"
plastic dynamic phases. Near these two dynamic critical points, the order
parameter 1/\tau of the PLC effect exhibits large fluctuations, and "critical
slowing down" (i.e., the number $\tau$ of bursts, or plastic instabilities, per
unit time slows down considerably).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6079 </DOCNO>
Hydrostatic Pressure Dependence of the Superconducting and Structural


  In this paper we report parallel in situ neutron powder diffraction and Tc(P)
measurements versus pressure on the same MgB2 sample in a He-gas apparatus to
0.6 GPa; in addition, we present Tc(P) measurements in a helium-loaded
diamond-anvil-cell to 20 GPa on the same sample. Our results are compared with
those of other groups. The high precision achieved in these measurements allows
a quantitative evaluation of the change in Tc as a function of the changes in
structure. Our results are consistent with electron-phonon pairing in MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40837 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the leptoquark Yukawa couplings in e+e- collisions at


  Measurement of the Yukawa couplings of the first-generation leptoquarks has
been studied for e+e- collisions at TESLA, at sqrt(s)=800 GeV. By combining
measurements from different production and decay channels, determination of
Yukawa couplings with precision on the few per-cent level is possible. TESLA
will be sensitive to very small leptoquark Yukawa couplings not accessible at
LHC, down to lambda ~ 0.05 [e]. Distinction between left-handed and
right-handed Yukawa couplings is feasible even for leptoquark masses very close
to the pair-production kinematic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129178 </DOCNO>
The VST telescope control software in the ESO VLT environment


  The VST (VLT Survey Telescope) is a 2.6 m Alt-Az telescope to be installed at
Mount Paranal in Chile, in the European Southern Observatory (ESO) site. The
VST is a wide-field imaging facility planned to supply databases for the ESO
Very Large Telescope (VLT) science and carry out stand-alone observations in
the UV to I spectral range. This paper will focus mainly on control software
aspects, describing the VST software architecture in the context of the whole
ESO VLT control concept. The general architecture and the main components of
the control software will be described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75690 </DOCNO>
The stress-energy tensor for trans-Planckian cosmology


  This article presents the derivation of the stress-energy tensor of a free
scalar field with a general non-linear dispersion relation in curved spacetime.
This dispersion relation is used as a phenomelogical description of the short
distance structure of spacetime following the conventional approach of
trans-Planckian modes in black hole physics and in cosmology. This
stress-energy tensor is then used to discuss both the equation of state of
trans-Planckian modes in cosmology and the magnitude of their backreaction
during inflation. It is shown that gravitational waves of trans-Planckian
momenta but subhorizon frequencies cannot account for the form of cosmic vacuum
energy density observed at present, contrary to a recent claim. The
backreaction effects during inflation are confirmed to be important and generic
for those dispersion relations that are liable to induce changes in the power
spectrum of metric fluctuations. Finally, it is shown that in pure de Sitter
inflation there is no modification of the power spectrum except for a possible
magnification of its overall amplitude independently of the dispersion
relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95805 </DOCNO>
Semiprojectivity for certain purely infinite C*-algebras


  It is proved that classifiable simple separable nuclear purely infinite
C*-algebras having finitely generated K-theory and torsion-free K_1 are
semiprojective. This is accomplished by exhibiting these algebras as
C*-algebras of infinite directed graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4625 </DOCNO>
Stochastic models for heterogeneous relaxation: Application to


  Dynamic heterogeneity has often been modeled by assuming that a
single-particle observable, fluctuating at a molecular scale, is influenced by
its coupling to environmental variables fluctuating on a second, perhaps
slower, time scale. Starting from the most simple Gaussian Markov process we
model the exchange between 'slow' and 'fast' environments by treating the
fluctuating single-particle variable as a projection from a higher-dimensional
Markov process. The moments of the resulting stochastic process are calculated
from the corresponding Master equations or Langevin equations, depending on the
model. The calculations show the importance of the way to treat exchange
processes. The resulting stochastic process is non-Markovian for all models.
However, the deviations from a Gaussian behavior depend on the details of the
models. A comparison of our results with other model treatments and experiments
should provide further insight into the concept of dynamic heterogeneity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3240 </DOCNO>
Orbital effect of in-plane magnetic field on quantum transport in


  We show how the in-plane magnetic field, which breaks time-reversal and
rotational symmetries of the orbital motion of electrons in a heterostructure
due to the momentum-dependent inter-subband mixing, affects weak localisation
correction to conductance of a large-area chaotic lateral quantum dot and
parameteric dependences of universal conductance fluctuations in it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76796 </DOCNO>
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray and UHE Neutrino-Z Showering in Dark Halos


  The Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR), by UHE neutrino-relic neutrino--Z
showering in Hot Dark Halos (HDM), shows an energy spectra, an anisotropy
following the relic neutrino masses and clustering in dark halo. The lighter
are the relic neutrinos masses, the higher their corresponding Z resonance
energy peaks. A twin light neutrino mass splitting may reflect into a twin Z
resonance and a complex UHECR spectra modulation as a twin bump at at highest
GZK energy cut-off. Each possible neutrino mass associates a characteristic
dark halo size (galactic, local, super cluster) and its anisotropy due to our
peculiar position within that dark matter distribution. The expected Z or WW,ZZ
showering into proton-anti proton and neutron-anti neutron might correspond to
peculiar clustering in observed UHECR at 10^{19}, 2 10^{19}, 4 10^{19} eV. A
neutrino light HDM halo around a Mpc will allow to the UHECR
neutron--anti-neutron secondary component at E_n> 10^{20} eV (due to Z decay)
to arise playing a role comparable with the charged p-bar{p} ones. Their
un-deflected n-bar{n} flight is shorter leading to a prompt and hard UHECR
trace pointing toward the original UHECR source direction. The direct
proton-antiproton pairs are split and spread by random magnetic fields into a
more diluted and smeared and lower energy UHECR signal around the original
source direction. Additional prompt TeVs signals by synchrotron radiation of
electro-magnetic Z showering must also occur solving the Infrared-TeV cut-off.
The observed hard doublet and triplets spectra, their time and space clustering
already favour the rising key role of UHECR n-bar n secondaries originated by
neutrino-Z tail shower.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1947 </DOCNO>
Nucleus-mediated spin-flip transitions in GaAs quantum dots


  Spin-flip rates in GaAs quantum dots can be quite slow, thus opening up the
possibilities to manipulate spin states in the dots. We present here
estimations of inelastic spin-flip rates mediated by hyperfine interaction with
nuclei. Under general assumptions the nucleus mediated rate is proportional to
the phonon relaxation rate for the corresponding non-spin-flip transitions. The
rate can be accelerated in the vicinity of a singlet-triplet excited states
crossing. The small proportionality coefficient depends inversely on the number
of nuclei in the quantum dot. We compare our results with known mechanisms of
spin-flip in $GaAs$ quantum dot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72648 </DOCNO>
Pseudoscalar production in electromagnetic fields by a Schwinger-like


  In this talk I report on some recent calculations on the production of
pseudoscalars from intense electromagnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169159 </DOCNO>
"Stopping" of light and quantum memories for photons


  A coherent technique for the control of photon propagation in optically thick
media and its application for quantum memories is discussed. Raman adiabatic
passage with an externally controlled Stokes field can be used to transfer the
quantum state of a light pulse (``flying'' qubit) to a collective
spin-excitation (stationary qubit) and thereby slow down its propagation
velocity to zero. The process is reversible and has a potential fidelity of
unity without the necessity for strongly coupling resonators. A simple
quasi-particle picture (dark-state polariton) of the transfer is presented. The
analytic theory is supplemented with exact numerical solutions. Finally the
influence of decoherence mechanisms on collective storage states, which are
N-particle entangled states, is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 852 </DOCNO>
Transport Current in MgB2 based Superconducting Strand at 4.2 K and


  Transport current values of 7.5 x 104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and self-field are
reported for MbB2-based tapes. MgB2 strands were formed by directly filling
commercially available MgB2 powder into Nb-lined, monel tubes and wire drawing.
The wires were then rolled into tapes 2.56 x 0.32 mm2, with a total
superconducting cross section of 0.2319 mm2. Transport measurements were
performed using a standard four-point technique at T = 4.2 K (in liquid helium)
and at self field. Three samples were prepared, with heat treatments of
900&#61616;C for 1, 2, and 3 h under 1/3 at Ar. Measured values of transport
current were 4.7, 7.5, and 1.1 x 104 A/cm2, respectively, at 4.2 K and self
field. M-H loops taken on the sample HT for 1 h showed magnetic Jcs of 4.2 x
104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 1 T, indicating that the material had reasonably well
connected grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6442 </DOCNO>
Probability Distributions and Particle Number Fluctuations of Trapped


  The analytical probability distribution of finite systems obeying
Bose-Einstein statistics in one, two, and three dimensions are investigated by
using a canonical ensemble approach. Starting from the canonical partition
function of the system, a unified approach is provided to study the probability
distribution of a condensate for various confinements and in different
dimensions. Based on the probability distribution function, it is
straightforward to obtain the mean ground state occupation number and particle
number fluctuations of the condensate. It is found that the particle number
fluctuations in a trapped Bose gas are strongly dependent on the type of
confining potential and on the dimensionality of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168257 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment


  In the comment(quant-ph/0103003) Eggeling,Vollbrecht and Wolf suspect our
method in quant-ph/0102133 is not practical. Here we explain our result and
method and show that our example can tell one how to judge a separable state,
and so our method is practical, at least for many mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73663 </DOCNO>
Solitons in the false vacuum


  When a potential for a scalar field has two local minima, there arises
structure of spherical shells due to gravitational interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5896 </DOCNO>
First principles theory of the EPR g-tensor in solids: defects in quartz


  A theory for the reliable prediction of the EPR g-tensor for paramagnetic
defects in solids is presented. It is based on density functional theory and on
the gauge including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) approach to the
calculation of all-electron magnetic response. The method is validated by
comparison with existing quantum chemical and experimental data for a selection
of diatomic radicals. We thenperform the first prediction of EPR ${\rm g}
$-tensors in the solid state and find the results to be in excellent agreement
with experiment for the $E'_1$ and substitutional P defect centers in quartz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125435 </DOCNO>
The dusty SF history of high-z galaxies, modelling tools and future


  We summarize recent advances in the determination of the cosmic history of
star formation and other properties of high-z galaxies, and the relevance of
this information in our understanding of the formation of structures. We
emphasize the importance of dust reprocessing in the high--z universe, as
demonstrated in particular by IR and sub-mm data. This demand a panchromatic
approach to observations and suitable modelling tools. We spend also some words
on expectations from future instruments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72355 </DOCNO>
Cubic Casimir operator of SU$_C$(3) and confinement in the


  Only two-body [${\rm F}_{i} \cdot {\rm F}_{j}$] confining potentials have
been considered, thus far, in the quark model without gluons, which by
construction can only depend on the quadratic Casimir operator of the colour
SU(3) group. A three-quark potential that depends on the cubic Casimir operator
is added to the quark model. This results in improved properties of $q^3$
colour non-singlet states, which can now be arranged to have (arbitrarily)
higher energy than the singlet, and the "colour dissolution/anticonfinement"
problem of the ${\rm F}_{i} \cdot {\rm F}_{j}$ model is avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75783 </DOCNO>
Kaon Matrix Elements and CP-violation from Quenched Lattice QCD: (I) the


  We report the results of a calculation of the $K \to \pi \pi$ matrix elements
relevant for the $\DIhalf$ rule and $\epe$ in quenched lattice QCD using domain
wall fermions. Working in the three-quark effective theory, where only the $u$,
$d$ and $s$ quarks enter and which is known perturbatively to next-to-leading
order, we calculate the lattice $K \to \pi$ and $K \to |0>$ matrix elements of
dimension six, four-fermion operators. Through lowest order chiral perturbation
theory these yield $K \to \pi \pi$ matrix elements, which we then normalize to
continuum values through a non-perturbative renormalization technique. For the
$\DIhalf$ rule we find a value of $25.3 \pm 1.8$ (statistical error only)
compared to the experimental value of 22.2, with individual isospin amplitudes
10-20% below the experimental values. For $\epe$, using known central values
for standard model parameters, we calculate $(-4.0 \pm 2.3) \times 10^{-4}$
(statistical error only) compared to the current experimental average of $(17.2
\pm 1.8) \times 10^{-4}$. Because we find a large cancellation between the $I =
0$ and $I = 2$ contributions to $\epe$, the result may be very sensitive to the
approximations employed. Among these are the use of: quenched QCD, lowest order
chiral perturbation theory and continuum perturbation theory below 1.3 GeV. We
have also calculated the kaon $B$ parameter, $B_K$ and find $B_K(2 {\rm GeV}) =
0.513(11)$. Although currently unable to give a reliable systematic error, we
have control over statistical errors and more simulations will yield
information about the effects of the approximations on this first-principles
determination of these important quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76344 </DOCNO>
Expectation values of four-quark operators in pions


  The values of four-quark operators averaged over pions are expressed through
those averaged over vacuum. The specific values are obtained in the framework
of the factorization assumption. For the condensates of the light quarks of the
same flavour \bar q\Gamma q\bar q\Gamma q the scalar condensate is shown to be
an order of magnitude larger than the other ones. The condensates containing
the strange quarks \bar q q\bar s s appear to be only about twice smaller than
those of the light quarks. The degeneracy of the ground state in the
Nambu--Jona--Lasinio model is shown explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98176 </DOCNO>
The Weyl Algebra, Spherical Harmonics, and Hahn Polynomials


  In this article we apply the duality technique of R. Howe to study the
structure of the Weyl algebra. We introduce a one-parameter family of
``ordering maps'', where by an ordering map we understand a vector space
isomorphism of the polynomial algebra on $\NR^{2d}$ with the Weyl algebra
generated by creation and annihilation operators $a_1, ..., a_d, a_1^+, ...,
a_d^+$. Corresponding to these orderings, we construct a one-parameter family
of ${\fr sl}_2$ actions on the Weyl algebra, what enables us to define and
study certain subspaces of the Weyl algebra -- the space of Weyl spherical
harmonics and the space of ``radial polynomials''. For the latter we generalize
results of Luck and Biedenharn, Bender et al., and Koornwinder describing the
radial elements in terms of continuous Hahn polynomials of the number operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169211 </DOCNO>
Limits to phase information in the parametric oscillator


  Light in which the quantum fluctuations have been squeezed is often proposed
as a means of obtaining an improved phase reference compared to that available
from coherent light. Such a phase reference contains information about the
phase of the squeezed light, so it is important to calculate the limits to the
amount of ``phase information'' available. I define a phase resolution and show
how this scales as we increase the number of photons available when using
squeezed light generated by a parametric oscillator. Simple schemes for
creating squeezed coherent light using a beam-splitter and an interferometer
are analyzed, and it is shown that the results agree with earlier claims
[Kinsler] that when using squeezed coherent light as a phase reference, the
gain is not one of improved accuracy, but of lower power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124366 </DOCNO>
On the origin of the distribution of binary-star periods


  Pre-main sequence and main-sequence binary systems are observed to have
periods, P, ranging from one day to 10^(10) days and eccentricities, e, ranging
from 0 to 1. We pose the problem if stellar-dynamical interactions in very
young and compact star clusters may broaden an initially narrow period
distribution to the observed width. N-body computations of extremely compact
clusters containing 100 and 1000 stars initially in equilibrium and in cold
collapse are preformed. In all cases the assumed initial period distribution is
uniform in the narrow range 4.5 < log10(P) < 5.5 (P in days) which straddles
the maximum in the observed period distribution of late-type Galactic-field
dwarf systems. None of the models lead to the necessary broadening of the
period distribution, despite our adopted extreme conditions that favour
binary--binary interactions. Stellar-dynamical interactions in embedded
clusters thus cannot, under any circumstances, widen the period distribution
sufficiently. The wide range of orbital periods of very young and old binary
systems is therefore a result of cloud fragmentation and immediate subsequent
magneto-hydrodynamical processes operating within the multiple proto-stellar
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6555 </DOCNO>
Cardy's Formula for some Dependent Percolation Models


  We prove Cardy's formula for rectangular crossing probabilities in dependent
site percolation models that arise from a deterministic cellular automaton with
a random initial state. The cellular automaton corresponds to the
zero-temperature case of Domany's stochastic Ising ferromagnet on the hexagonal
lattice H (with alternating updates of two sublattices); it may also be
realized on the triangular lattice T with flips when a site disagrees with six,
five and sometimes four of its six neighbors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150017 </DOCNO>
Orientifolds of the 3-sphere


  We study the geometry of orientifolds in the SU(2) WZW model. They correspond
to the two inequivalent, orientation-reversing involutions of $S^3$, whose
fixed-point sets are: the north and south poles (O0), or the equator two-sphere
(O2). We show how the geometric action of these involutions leads unambiguously
to the previously obtained algebraic results for the Klein bottle and Moebius
amplitudes. We give a semiclassical derivation of the selection rules and signs
in the crosscap couplings, paying particular attention to discrete B-fluxes.
 A novel observation, which does not follow from consistency of the one-loop
vacuum diagrams, is that in the case of the O0 orientifolds only integer- or
only half-integer-spin Cardy states may coexist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75607 </DOCNO>
Transverse Lambda polarization in semi-inclusive DIS


  Following a previous description of Lambda and Lambda-bar polarization in
unpolarized p-p interactions, within a perturbative QCD factorization scheme
with new polarizing fragmentation functions, here we investigate the transverse
polarization of Lambda's and Lambda-bar's produced in semi-inclusive DIS.
Analytical expressions for both neutral and charged current exchange are given.
Since quantitative predictions cannot be given at this stage and comparison
with existing data are not yet significant, we present the general formalism
and a qualitative analysis displaying generic features of the Lambda and
Lambda-bar polarization for specific scenarios. Different kinematical
situations are considered, corresponding to experiments currently able to study
Lambda production in semi-inclusive DIS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 902 </DOCNO>
Unique Spin Dynamics and Unconventional Superconductivity in the Layered


  We report measurements of the ^{115}In nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate
(1/T_1) between T=0.09 K and 100 K in the new heavy fermion (HF) compound
CeIrIn_5. At 0.4 K < T < 100 K, 1/T_1 is strongly T-dependent, which indicates
that CeIrIn_5 is much more itinerant than known Ce-based HFs. We find that
1/T_1T, subtracting that for LaIrIn_5, follows a 1/(T+\theta)^{3/4} variation
with \theta=8 K. We argue that this novel feature points to anisotropic, due to
a layered crystal structure, spin fluctuations near a magnetic ordering. The
bulk superconductivity sets in at 0.40 K below which the coherence peak is
absent and 1/T_1 follows a T^3 variation, which suggests unconventional
superconductivity with line-node gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169039 </DOCNO>
Implementing the quantum random walk


  Recently, several groups have investigated quantum analogues of random walk
algorithms, both on a line and on a circle. It has been found that the quantum
versions have markedly different features to the classical versions. Namely,
the variance on the line, and the mixing time on the circle increase
quadratically faster in the quantum versions as compared to the classical
versions. Here, we propose a scheme to implement the quantum random walk on a
line and on a circle in an ion trap quantum computer. With current ion trap
technology, the number of steps that could be experimentally implemented will
be relatively small. However, we show how the enhanced features of these walks
could be observed experimentally. In the limit of strong decoherence, the
quantum random walk tends to the classical random walk. By measuring the degree
to which the walk remains `quantum', this algorithm could serve as an important
benchmarking protocol for ion trap quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72502 </DOCNO>
Screening Corrections in Photo and DIS Production of $J/\Psi$


  Photo and DIS production of $J/\Psi$ are investigated and compared with
calculations based on pQCD in the LLA approximation without and with screening
corrections. The calculation includes corrections induced by the real part of
the production amplitude, the skewed (off diagonal) gluon structure function
and the relativistic Fermi motion within the charmonium system. Our pQCD
results are also compared with the predictions obtained from a Regge type two
Pomeron model. Our results suggest some preference for our screened model, but
the available data does not enable us to exclude any of the three models we
have examined. The properties of these models, when extrapolated to both low
and very high energies may provide a more effective discrimination between the
different parameterizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41570 </DOCNO>
Experimental Results on the Diffractive Production of Light Vector


  We discuss results on the diffractive production of the vector mesons rho,
phi and omega reported by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations at HERA. Unique to
such studies is the experimental accessibility to the polarization of the
vector mesons and hence to the spin-density matrix elements arising in
vacuum-exchange processes. We emphasize the relation between the observed
dependence on momentum transfer and the polarization state of the vector meson.
The diffractive nature of the production mechanism is investigated via
extraction of the Pomeron trajectory at high Q^2. Flavor symmetry is observed
in the phi/rho ratios in the same region of momentum transfer where the
power-law scaling becomes similar. The multivariable helicity analyses impose
stringent constraints on models for the vacuum-exchange production mechanism.
Semi-exclusive photoproduction of transverse rho and phi mesons at momentum
transfers far exceeding their mass scale exhibit a hard scaling behavior which
appears to violate the QCD helicity selection rules in a two-gluon exchange
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168972 </DOCNO>
Numerical simulation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiments in a local


  We simulate correlation measurements of entangled photons numerically. The
model employed is strictly local. In our model correlations arise from a phase,
connecting the electromagnetic fields of the two photons at their separate
points of measurement. We sum up coincidences for each pair individually and
model the operation of a polarizer beam splitter numerically. The results thus
obtained differ substantially from the classical results. In addition, we
analyze the effects of decoherence and non-ideal beam splitters. It is shown
that under realistic experimental conditions the Bell inequalities are violated
by more than 30 standard deviations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149903 </DOCNO>
Finite Chern-Simons matrix model - algebraic approach


  We analyze the algebra of observables and the physical Fock space of the
finite Chern-Simons matrix model. We observe that the minimal algebra of
observables acting on that Fock space is identical to that of the Calogero
model. Our main result is the identification of the states in the l-th tower of
the Chern-Simons matrix model Fock space and the states of the Calogero model
with the interaction parameter nu=l+1. We describe quasiparticle and quasihole
states in the both models in terms of Schur functions, and discuss some
nontrivial consequences of our algebraic approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40831 </DOCNO>
Double-Spin Asymmetry in the Cross Section for Exclusive rho^0


  Evidence for a positive longitudinal double-spin asymmetry <A_1^rho> = 0.24
+-0.11 (stat) +-0.02 (syst) in the cross section for exclusive diffractive
rho^0(770) vector meson production in polarised lepton-proton scattering was
observed by the HERMES experiment. The longitudinally polarised 27.56 GeV HERA
positron beam was scattered off a longitudinally polarised pure hydrogen gas
target. The average invariant mass of the photon-proton system has a value of
<W> = 4.9 GeV, while the average negative squared four-momentum of the virtual
photon is <Q^2> = 1.7 GeV^2. The ratio of the present result to the
corresponding spin asymmetry in inclusive deep-inelastic scattering is in
agreement with an early theoretical prediction based on the generalised vector
meson dominance model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1483 </DOCNO>
Super-Arrhenius slowing down in the metastable liquid of hard spheres


  It is demonstrated that a straightforward extension of the Arrhenius law
accurately describes diffusion in the thermodynamically stable liquid of hard
spheres. A sharp negative deviation from this behaviour is observed as the
liquid is compressed beyond its stability limit, which can be compared with
super-Arrhenius slowing down in supercooled liquids. It is suggested that the
observed dynamical transition is caused by extra entropy barriers arising in
the free-energy landscape. This interpretation is corroborated by the
observation of characteristic anomalies in the geometry of a particle
trajectory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73381 </DOCNO>
Hybrid Inflation and Baryogenesis at the TeV Scale


  We consider the construction of inverted hybrid inflation models in which the
vacuum energy during inflation is at the TeV scale, and the inflaton couples to
the Higgs field. Such models are of interest in the context of some recently
proposed models of electroweak baryogenesis. We demonstrate how constraints on
these models arise from quantum corrections, and how self-consistent examples
may be constructed, albeit at the expense of fine-tuning. We discuss two
possible ways in which the baryon asymmetry of the universe may be produced in
these models. One of them is based on preheating and a consequent non-thermal
electroweak symmetry restoration and the other on the formation of Higgs
winding configurations by the Kibble mechanism at the end of inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125764 </DOCNO>
Diffuse Gamma-Rays from Local Group Galaxies


  Diffuse gamma-ray radiation in galaxies is produced by cosmic ray
interactions with the interstellar medium. With the completion of EGRET
observations, the only extragalactic object from which there has been a
positive detection of diffuse gamma-ray emission is the Large Magellanic Cloud.
We systematically estimate the expected diffuse gamma-ray flux from Local Group
galaxies, and determine their detectability by new generation gamma-ray
observatories such as GLAST. For each galaxy, the expected gamma-ray flux
depends only on its total gas content and its cosmic ray flux. We present a
method for calculating cosmic ray flux in these galaxies in terms of the
observed rate of supernova explosions, where cosmic ray acceleration is
believed to take place. The difficulty in deriving accurate supernova rates
from observational data is a dominant uncertainty in our calculations. We
estimate the gamma-ray flux for Local Group galaxies and find that our
predictions are consistent with the observations for the LMC and with the
observational upper limits for the Small Magellanic Cloud and M31. Both the
Andromeda galaxy, with a flux of $\sim 1.0 \times 10^{-8}$ photons sec$^{-1}$
cm$^{-2}$ above 100 MeV, and the SMC, with a flux of $\sim 1.7 \times 10^{-8}$
photons sec$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ above 100 MeV, are expected to be observable by
GLAST. M33 is at the limit of detectability with a flux of $\sim 0.11 \times
10^{-8}$ sec$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$. Other Local Group galaxies are at least two
orders of magnitude below GLAST sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98614 </DOCNO>
Thin groups of fractions


  A number of properties of spherical Artin groups extend to Garside groups,
defined as the groups of fractions of monoids where least common multiples
exist, there is no nontrivial unit, and some additional finiteness conditions
are satisfied \cite{Dgk}. Here we investigate a wider class of groups of
fractions, called {\it thin}, which are those associated with monoids where
minimal common multiples exist, but they are not necessarily unique. Also, we
allow units in the involved monoids. The main results are that all thin groups
of fractions satisfy a quadratic isoperimetric inequality, and that, under some
additional hypotheses, they admit an automatic structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3337 </DOCNO>
Exciton states and optical properties of CdSe nanocrystals


  The optical spectra of CdSe nanocrystals up to 55 A in diameter are analyzed
in a wide range of energies from the fine structure of the low-energy
excitations to the so-called high-energy transitions. We apply a symmetry-based
method in two steps. First we take the tight-binding (TB) parameters from the
bulk sp^{3}s^{*} TB model, extended to include the spin-orbit interaction. The
full single-particle spectra are obtained from an exact diagonalization by
using a group-theoretical treatment. The electron-hole interaction is next
introduced: Both the Coulomb (direct) and exchange terms are considered. The
high-energy excitonic transitions are studied by computing the electric dipole
transition probabilities between single-particle states, while the transition
energies are obtained by taking into account the Coulomb interaction. The fine
structure of the lowest excitonic states is analyzed by including the
electron-hole exchange interaction and the wurtzite crystal-field terms in the
exciton Hamiltonian. The latter is diagonalized in the single electron-hole
pair excitation subspace of progressively increasing size until convergence.
The peaks in the theoretical transition spectra are then used to deduce the
resonant and nonresonant Stokes shifts, which are compared with their measured
values in photoluminescence experiments. We find that the final results depend
on the crystal-field term, the relative size of the surface and the degree of
saturation of the dangling bonds. The results show a satisfactory agreement
with the available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127510 </DOCNO>
The environment of FS Tau observed with HST WFPC2 in narrow-band


  We present the results of HST WFPC2 observations of FS Tau and its
environment obtained in the narrow-band emission line filters H alpha and [S
II] (lambda = 6716,6731 Angstrom). Based on these data the morphology of line
emission within this region can be studied on a size scale of 0.1" for the
first time. Despite the fact that FS Tau A has strong forbidden emission lines,
there is no evidence for extended emission at these wavelengths beyond 0.5"
from the components of this close T Tauri binary system. In the FS Tau B
outflow interesting morphological properties can be studied at high spatial
resolution. In this jet we find a structure where circular or elliptical jet
knots are correlated with minima of the jet width. The overall width of this
jet decreases with distance from the source. The FS Tau B jet is thus a rare
example of a jet which may be recollimated far away from its source. The jet is
much more prominent in H alpha than in [S II], while the counterjet shows the
opposite behaviour. The line ratio H alpha/[S II] increases with lateral
distance from the jet axis which is indicative of entrainment of ambient
material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113413 </DOCNO>
Elastic wave propagation along DNA


  It is shown that information transmission inside a cell can occur by means of
mechanical waves transmitted through DNA. The propagation of the waves is
strongly dependent on the shape of the DNA thus proteins that change the shape
of DNA can alter signal transmission. The overall effect is a method of signal
processing by DNA binding proteins that creates a "cellular communications
network".
   The propagation of small amplitude disturbances through DNA is treated
according to the mechanical theory of elastic rods. According to the theory
four types of mechanical waves affecting extension(compression), twist, bend or
shear can propagate through DNA. Each type of wave has unique characteristic
properties. Disturbances affecting all wave types can propagate independently
of each other. Using a linear approximation to the theory of motion of elastic
rods, the dispersion of these waves is investigated. The phase velocities of
the waves lies in the range 5-8 angstroms/ps using constants suitable for a
description of DNA. The dispersion of all wave types of arbitrary wave length
is investigated for a straight, twisted rod.
   Based on these findings, we propose all-atom numerical simulations of DNA to
investigate the propagation of these waves as an alternative measure of the
wave velocity and dispersion analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86890 </DOCNO>
Cosmic acceleration from effective forces?


  Accelerated expansion of the Universe may result from an anti-frictional
force that is self-consistently exerted on cold dark matter (CDM). Cosmic
anti-friction is shown to give rise to an effective negative pressure of the
cosmic medium. While other models introduce a component of dark energy besides
``standard'' CDM, we resort to a phenomenological one-component model of CDM
with internal self-interactions. We demonstrate how the dynamics of the
LambdaCDM model may be recovered as a special case of cosmic anti-friction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75310 </DOCNO>
Final state interaction and a light mass "exotic" resonance


  We investigate the possibility that the light-mass exotic mesons with
J^PC=1^-+ observed at BNL and CERN may be resonances in the eta-pi and eta'-pi
systems associated with the anomalous glue which generates the eta' mass in
QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73307 </DOCNO>
The $B -> X_s gamma gamma$ decay in the standard model and the general


  Based on the low-energy effective Hamiltonian, we calculate the new physics
corrections to the branching ratio and the differential distributions of the
rare decay $B \to X_s \gamma \gamma$ induced by the new gluonic and electroweak
charged-Higgs penguin diagrams in the general two-Higgs-doublet model with the
restriction $\lambda_{ij}^{U,D}=0$ for $i\neq j$. Within the considered
parameter space, we see the following: (a) the standard model predictions of
${\cal B}(B \to X_s \gamma \gamma)$ and $A_{FB}$ have a moderate $m_s$
dependence; (b) in model III, the prediction of the branching ratio ${\cal B}(B
\to X_s \gamma \gamma)$ ranges from one third to three times of the standard
model prediction, but is highly correlated with that of ${\cal}(B \to X_s
\gamma)$; (c) the new physics enhancement to the branching ratio ${\cal B}(B
\to X_s \gamma \gamma)$ in model II can be as large as $(30-50)%$; (d) the
contribution from 1PR diagrams is dominant and hence four normalized
differential distributions are insensitive to the variation of scale $\mu$ and
possible new physics corrections; (e) due to the smallness of its decay rate
and the long-distance background, the $B \to X_s \gamma \gamma$ decay is not a
better process in detecting new physics than the $B \to X_s \gamma$ decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6615 </DOCNO>
Symmetry Breaking in Stock Demand


  Scale-free distributions and correlation functions found in financial data
are reminiscent of the scale invariance of physical observables in the vicinity
of a critical point. Here, we present empirical evidence for a transition
phenomenon, accompanied by a symmetry breaking, in the investors' demand for
stocks. We study the volume imbalance $\Omega$ -- difference between the number
of shares traded in buyer-initiated and seller-initiated trades in a time
interval $\Delta t$ -- conditioned on $\Sigma$ which is defined as the local
first moment of $\Omega$ in $\Delta t$. We find that the conditional
distribution $P(\Omega | \Sigma)$ undergoes a qualitative change in behavior as
$\Sigma$ increases beyond a critical threshold $\Sigma_c$. For $\Sigma
<\Sigma_c$, $P(\Omega|\Sigma)$ displays a maximum at $\Omega=0$, i.e., trades
in $\Delta t$ are equally likely to be buyer initiated or seller initiated. For
$\Sigma > \Sigma_c$, $\Omega=0$ becomes a local minimum and two new maxima
$\Omega_{+}$ and $\Omega_{-}$ appear at non-zero values of $\Omega$, i.e.,
trades in $\Delta t$ are either predominantly buyer initiated or predominantly
seller initiated. We interpret these results using a Langevin equation with
multiplicative noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169285 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous boson realizations of the polynomial angular momentum


  The inhomogeneous single-, two- and three-boson realizations of the more
general polynomial angular momentum algebra SU_n(2) are obtained from the Fock
representations of SU_n(2) that corresponds to the indecomposable
representation on the space of universal enveloping algebra U(SU_n(2)) and to
the induced representations on the quotient spaces U(SU_n(2))/I_i, with I_i
being some left ideals of U(SU_n(2)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 752 </DOCNO>
Spinwaves and large electron-phonon coupling near the metal-insulator


  A theory for spin and lattice couplings to the electronic states in
high-T$_C$ oxides is presented, with HgBa$_2$CuO$_4$ as an example. A simple
analytical model suggests that the barrel band is sensitive to potential
perturbations with long-range Fourier components, and that gaps can be opened
at the Fermi energy. This is confirmed in self-consistent band calculations for
modulations in elongated supercells, where spin waves and phonon coupling
compete for equal q-vectors. It is argued that the wavelengths of spin-wave
modulations and of the phonon modes with large coupling, depend on the doping.
This mechanism supports the idea that pseudogaps are caused by stripe like
spin-modulations in underdoped systems, while superconductivity is attributed
to enhanced electron-phonon coupling for long wavelength phonons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73992 </DOCNO>
Superalgebras for the Penning Trap


  The hamiltonian describing a single fermion in a Penning trap is shown to be
supersymmetric in certain cases. The supersymmetries of interest occur when the
ratio of the cyclotron frequency to the axial frequency is 3/2 and the particle
has anomalous magnetic moment 4/3 or 2/3. At these supersymmetric points, the
spectrum shows uniformly spaced crossed levels. The associated superalgebras
are su(2|1) and su(1|1). The phase space for this problem has an osp(2|6)
structure and contains all the degeneracy superalgebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149959 </DOCNO>
Comments on duality-symmetric theories


  We briefly review the basics of electric-magnetic duality symmetry and their
geometric interpretation in the M-theory context. Then we recall some no-go
theorems that prevent a simple extension of the duality symmetry to non-Abelian
gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168142 </DOCNO>
On the grounding of spin effects in theory of synchrotron radiation


  The problem of the uniqueness in the introduction of spin operators in the
synchrotron radiation theory is discussed. For this purpose we give the
invariant spin projections on the basis of the spin projections in the rest
frame. The spin equations are used to construct the integrals of motion in the
presence of the external electromagnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73803 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Large Extra Dimensions versus Graviton Emission


  We study how the geometry of the large extra dimensions may affect field
theory results on a three-brane. More specifically, we compare cross sections
for graviton emission from a brane when the internal space is a N-torus and a
N-sphere for N=2 to 6. The method we present can be used for other smooth
compact geometries. We find that the ability of high energy colliders to
determine the geometry of the extra dimensions is limited but there is an
enhancement when both the quantum gravity scale and N are large. Our field
theory results are compared with the low energy corrections to the
gravitational inverse square law due to large dimensions compactified on other
spaces such as Calabi-Yau manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6314 </DOCNO>
The domino effect for markets


  A generalization of the Cont-Bouchaud market model to three markets agrees
with the correlations netween New York, Tokyo, and Frankfurt observed by
Vandewalle et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124041 </DOCNO>
Spatially Resolved Millimeter Spectroscopy of the Gravitational Lens PKS


  This paper presents data from the BIMA interferometer showing spatially
resolved absorption spectra of the gravitationally lensed quasar PKS 1830-211.
High-resolution (1.2 km/s) spectra were taken in two spectral windows centered
on the redshifted frequencies of the HCO+(2-1) and HCN(2-1) molecular
transitions. There is no molecular absorption in the northeast image but the
southwest image reveals optically thick absorbing gas at these transition
frequencies. Further analyses conclude that the spectra are consistent with
completely saturated absorption in the southwest image and the line profiles
suggest that the absorbing medium is complex, perhaps containing multiple
components and small scale structure. The absorption occurs along a pencil beam
through the lensing galaxy which is thought to be a late type spiral oriented
almost face on. However, the spectra show absorption spanning more than 60 km/s
which is difficult to explain for this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168926 </DOCNO>
Measuring irreversible dynamics of a quantum harmonic oscillator


  We show that the unitary evolution of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a
two-level system can be undone by a suitable manipulation of the two-level
system --- more specifically: by a quasi-instantaneous phase change. This
enables us to isolate the dissipative evolution to which the oscillator may be
exposed in addition. With this method we study the decoherence of a photon mode
in cavity QED, and that of the quantized harmonic motion of trapped ions. We
comment on the relation to spin echoes and multi-path interferometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3015 </DOCNO>
Surface critical behavior of random systems at the special transition


  We study the surface critical behavior of semi-infinite quenched random
Ising-like systems at the special transition using three dimensional massive
field theory up to the two-loop approximation. Besides, we extend up to the
next-to leading order, the previous first-order results of the
$\sqrt{\epsilon}$ expansion obtained by Ohno and Okabe [Phys. Rev. B 46, 5917
(1992)]. The numerical estimates for surface critical exponents in both cases
are computed by means of the Pade analysis. Moreover, in the case of the
massive field theory we perform Pade-Borel resummation of the resulting
two-loop series expansions for surface critical exponents. The obtained results
confirm that in a system with quenched bulk randomness the plane boundary is
characterized by a new set of surface critical exponents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113493 </DOCNO>
On the physical nature of the photon mixing processes in nonlinear


  The physical nature of the photon mixing and photon echo processes is
discussed on the basis of inequality of the forward and backward optical
transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86289 </DOCNO>
Charge Effects on Gravitational Wave Detectors


  We show that the mean-square displacement of a charged oscillator due to the
zero point oscillations of the radiation field is unique in the sense that it
is very sensitive to the value of the bare mass of the charge. Thus, a
controlled experiment using gravitational wave detectors could lead to a
determination of the electron bare mass and shed some light on quantum
electrodynamic theory. We also speculate that the irregular signals of
non-gravitational origin often observed in gravitational wave bar detectors
could be caused by stray charges and that such charges could also adversely
affect LIGO and other such detectors

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75512 </DOCNO>
Color-Flavor Unlocking and Phase Diagram with Self-Consistently


  The phase diagram of strongly interacting matter at non-zero temperature and
baryon chemical potential is calculated within a 3-flavor NJL-type quark model
with realistic quark masses. The model exhibits spontaneous chiral symmetry
breaking as well as diquark condensation in the two-flavor
color-superconducting phase and in the color-flavor locked phase. We
investigate the color-flavor unlocking phase transition, taking into account
self-consistently calculated effective quark masses. We find that it is mainly
triggered by a first order phase transition with respect to the strange quark
mass. It takes place at much higher values of the chemical potential than the
transition to the hadronic phase such that we find a relatively large region in
the phase diagram where the two-flavor color-superconductor seems to be the
most favored state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114432 </DOCNO>
The Timing Synchronization System at Jefferson Lab


  This paper presents the requirements and design of a Timing Synchronization
System (TSS) for the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF)
control system at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. A clock
module has been designed which resides in a VME crate. The clock module can be
a communications master or a slave depending on its configuration, which is
software and jumper selectable. As a master, the clock module sends out
messages in response to an external synchronization signal over a serial fiber
optic line. As a slave, it receives the messages and interrupts an associated
computer in its VME crate. The application that motivated the development of
the TSS, the Accelerator 30 Hz Measurement System, will be described.
Operational experience with the TSS will also be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126394 </DOCNO>
The Distribution of Thermal Pressures in the Interstellar Medium from a


  We used the smallest entrance aperture (0.03 arc-sec wide slit) and highest
resolution echelle gratings (E140H and E230H) of STIS on HST to record the
interstellar absorption features for 10 different multiplets of neutral carbon
at a wavelength resolving power of 200,000 in the UV spectra of 21 early-type
stars. We measured the amount of C I in each of its three fine-structure
levels, so that we could determine nT of the absorbing gas and how much it
varies in different regions. To obtain internally consistent results for all
multiplets, we had to modify the transition f-values so that generally weak
transitions were stronger than their published values. The fine-structure
populations indicate that the median thermal pressure for our entire sample is
p/k=2240 cm^-3 K, or slightly higher for temperatures that differ appreciably
from 40 K. About 15% of the gas moving at peculiar velocities shows p/k > 10^4
cm^-3 K, and this fraction drops to 1.5% for quiescent gas. Often, there are
small amounts of gas at p/k > 10^5 cm^-3 K. These ubiquitous wisps of high
pressure material probably arise from small-scale density enhancements created
by converging flows in a turbulent medium. The C I excitations indicate a
barytropic index gamma_eff > 0.90 when the gas is compressed, which is larger
than the value 0.72 expected for material in thermal equilibrium. This
indicates that the regions have a dimension r < 0.01 pc which allows them to
compress very quickly and nearly adiabatically. Appendices of this paper
present evidence that STIS can indeed achieve R = 200,000, and that telluric
oxygen absorption lines are broadened by macroscopic motions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97390 </DOCNO>
Torsion free groups with indecomposable holonomy group I


  We study the torsion free generalized crystallographic groups with the
indecomposable holonomy group which is isomorphic to either a cyclic group of
order ${p^s}$ or a direct product of two cyclic groups of order ${p}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125771 </DOCNO>
Oxygen Line Formation in Late-F through Early-K Disk/Halo Stars:


  In order to investigate the formation of O {\sc i} 7771--5 and [O {\sc i}]
6300/6363 lines, extensive non-LTE calculations for neutral atomic oxygen were
carried out for wide ranges of model atmosphere parameters, which are
applicable to early-K through late-F halo/disk stars of various evolutionary
stages. Regarding the triplet O {\sc i} lines in near IR, for which conspicuous
non-LTE effects are observed, a useful formula with tabulated numerical
coefficients is presented, applicable to evaluating NLTE corrections for given
$W_{\lambda}$ and atmospheric parameters ($T_{\rm eff}$, $\log g$, $\xi$). On
the other hand, our calculations lead to the robust conclusion that LTE is
totally valid for the forbidden [O {\sc i}] lines. Reanalysis of published
equivalent-width data of O {\sc i} 7771--5 and [O {\sc i}] 6300/6363 taken from
various literatures confirmed that, while a reasonable consistency of O {\sc i}
and [O {\sc i}] abundances was observed for disk stars ($-1 \la [{\rm Fe}/{\rm
H}] \la 0$), the existence of a systematic abundance discrepancy was confirmed
between O {\sc i} and [O {\sc i}] lines in conspicuously metal-poor halo stars
($-3 \la [{\rm Fe}/{\rm H}] \la -1$) without being removed by our non-LTE
corrections, i.e., the former being larger by $\sim 0.3$ dex at $-3 \la [{\rm
Fe}/{\rm H}] \la -2$. Inspecting the parameter-dependence of this discordance,
we suspect that [O {\sc i}] lines may be weakened by some effect possibly
dependent upon the surface gravity, rather than attributing the cause of errors
to the side of O {\sc i} lines. This interpretation naturally suggests the
preference of the ``rising'' tendency to the ``flat'' trend as the [O/Fe] ratio
of halo stars toward a very metal-poor regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81369 </DOCNO>
Confinement made simple in the Coulomb gauge


  In Gribov's scenario in Coulomb gauge, confinement of color charge is due to
a long-range instantaneous color-Coulomb potential V(R). This may be determined
numerically from the instantaneous part of the gluon propagator D_{44, inst} =
V(R) \delta(t). Confinement of gluons is reflected in the vanishing at k = 0 of
the equal-time three-dimensionally transverse would-be physical gluon
propagator D^{tr}(k). We present exact analytic results on D_{44} and D^{tr}
(which have also been investigated numerically, A. Cucchieri, T. Mendes, and D.
Zwanziger, this conference), in particular the vanishing of D^{tr}(k) at k = 0,
and the determination of the running coupling constant from x_0 g^2(k) = k^2
D_{44, inst}, where x_0 = 12N/(11N-2N_f).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6023 </DOCNO>
Transport in rough self-affine fractures


  Transport properties of three-dimensional self-affine rough fractures are
studied by means of an effective-medium analysis and numerical simulations
using the Lattice-Boltzmann method. The numerical results show that the
effective-medium approximation predicts the right scaling behavior of the
permeability and of the velocity fluctuations, in terms of the aperture of the
fracture, the roughness exponent and the characteristic length of the fracture
surfaces, in the limit of small separation between surfaces. The permeability
of the fractures is also investigated as a function of the normal and lateral
relative displacements between surfaces, and is shown that it can be bounded by
the permeability of two-dimensional fractures. The development of channel-like
structures in the velocity field is also numerically investigated for different
relative displacements between surfaces. Finally, the dispersion of tracer
particles in the velocity field of the fractures is investigated by analytic
and numerical methods. The asymptotic dominant role of the geometric
dispersion, due to velocity fluctuations and their spatial correlations, is
shown in the limit of very small separation between fracture surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97481 </DOCNO>
Right orderable residually finite p-groups and a Kourovka notebook


  A. H. Rhemtulla proved that if a group is a residually finite p-group for
infinitely many primes p, then it is two-sided orderable. In problem 10.30 of
the Kourovka notebook 14th. edition, N. Ya. Medvedev asked if there is a
non-right-orderable group which is a residually finite p-group for at least two
different primes p. Using a result of Dave Witte, we will show that many
subgroups of finite index in GL_3(Z) give examples of such groups. On the other
hand we will show that no such example can exist among solvable by finite
groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1954 </DOCNO>
Statistical ensemble of scale-free random graphs


  A thorough discussion of the statistical ensemble of scale-free connected
random tree graphs is presented. Methods borrowed from field theory are used to
define the ensemble and to study analytically its properties. The ensemble is
characterized by two global parameters, the fractal and the spectral
dimensions, which are explicitly calculated. It is discussed in detail how the
geometry of the graphs varies when the weights of the nodes are modified. The
stability of the scale-free regime is also considered: when it breaks down,
either a scale is spontaneously generated or else, a "singular" node appears
and the graphs become crumpled. A new computer algorithm to generate these
random graphs is proposed. Possible generalizations are also discussed. In
particular, more general ensembles are defined along the same lines and the
computer algorithm is extended to arbitrary (degenerate) scale-free random
graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114059 </DOCNO>
Multifractal characterisation of length sequences of coding and


  The coding and noncoding length sequences constructed from a complete genome
are characterised by multifractal analysis. The dimension spectrum $D_{q}$ and
its derivative, the 'analogous' specific heat $C_{q}$, are calculated for the
coding and noncoding length sequences of bacteria, where $q$ is the moment
order of the partition sum of the sequences. From the shape of the $% D_{q}$
and $C_{q}$ curves, it is seen that there exists a clear difference between the
coding/noncoding length sequences of all organisms considered and a completely
random sequence. The complexity of noncoding length sequences is higher than
that of coding length sequences for bacteria. Almost all $D_{q}$ curves for
coding length sequences are flat, so their multifractality is small whereas
almost all $D_{q}$ curves for noncoding length sequences are multifractal-like.
We propose to characterise the bacteria according to the types of the $C_{q}$
curves of their noncoding length sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126670 </DOCNO>
On the Neutral Gas Content and Environment of NGC 3109 and the Antlia


  As part of a continuing survey of nearby galaxies, we have mapped the neutral
gas content of the low surface brightness, Magellanic-type galaxy NGC 3109 ---
and its environment, including the Antlia dwarf galaxy --- at unprecedented
velocity resolution and brightness sensitivity. The HI mass of NGC 3109 is
measured to be (3.8 +/- 0.5) x 10^8 Msun. A substantial warp in the disk of NGC
3109 is detected in the HI emission image in the form of an extended low
surface brightness feature. We report a positive detection in HI of the nearby
Antlia dwarf galaxy, and measure its total neutral gas mass to be (6.8 +/- 1.4)
x 10^5 Msun. We show the warp in NGC 3109 to lie at exactly the same radial
velocity as the gas in the Antlia dwarf galaxy and speculate that Antlia
disturbed the disk of NGC 3109 during a mild encounter ~1 Gyr in the past. HI
data for a further eight galaxies detected in the background are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126237 </DOCNO>
Synthesis of intermediate-mass elements in classical novae: from Si to


  Thermonuclear runaways driven by accretion into degenerate white dwarf cores
are the source that power classical nova outbursts.
 In this paper, we identify the dominant nuclear paths involved in the
synthesis of intermediate-mass elements, from Si to Ca, during such violent
events.
 New evolutionary sequences of 1.35 Mo ONe novae have been computed, using
updated nuclear reaction rates.
 The main nuclear activity in this region is powered by the leakage from the
NeNa-MgAl region, where the activity is confined during the early stages of the
explosion. We discuss the critical role played by 30P(p,gamma) in the synthesis
of nuclear species beyond sulfur and point out the large uncertainty that
affects its rate, which has dramatic consequences for studies of nova
nucleosynthesis in the Si-Ca mass region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1256 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Mg-B films by pulsed laser deposition in an in-situ


  Superconducting thin films have been prepared in a two-step in-situ process,
using the Mg-B plasma generated by pulsed laser ablation. The target was
composed of a mixture of Mg and MgB2 powders to compensate for the volatility
of Mg and therefore to ensure a high Mg content in the film. The films were
deposited at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 300 degrees C
followed by a low-pressure in-situ annealing procedure. Various substrates have
been used and diverse ways to increase the Mg content into the film were
applied. The films show a sharp transition in the resistance and have a zero
resistance transition temperature of 22-24 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 228 </DOCNO>
Neutron Scattering Signature of d-density Wave Order in the Cuprates


  An ordered $d$-density wave (DDW) state has been proposed as an explanation
of the pseudogap phase in underdoped high-temperature superconductors. The
staggered currents associated with this order have signatures which are
qualitatively different from those of ordered spins. We apply the order
parameter theory to an orthorhombic bilayer system and show that the expected
magnitude as well as the momentum, energy, and polarization dependence of the
consequent neutron scattering is consistent with the findings of a recent
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75390 </DOCNO>
PYTHIA 6.2 Physics and Manual


  The PYTHIA program can be used to generate high-energy-physics `events', i.e.
sets of outgoing particles produced in the interactions between two incoming
particles. The objective is to provide as accurate as possible a representation
of event properties in a wide range of reactions, with emphasis on those where
strong interactions play a role, directly or indirectly, and therefore
multihadronic final states are produced. The physics is then not understood
well enough to give an exact description; instead the program has to be based
on a combination of analytical results and various QCD-based models. This
physics input is summarized here, for areas such as hard subprocesses, initial-
and final-state parton showers, beam remnants and underlying events,
fragmentation and decays, and much more. Furthermore, extensive information is
provided on all program elements: subroutines and functions, switches and
parameters, and particle and process data. This should allow the user to tailor
the generation task to the topics of interest.
  The information in this edition of the manual refers to PYTHIA version 6.200,
of 31 August 2001.
  The official reference to the latest published version is T. Sj\"ostrand, P.
Ed\'en, C. Friberg, L. L\"onnblad, G. Miu, S. Mrenna and E. Norrbin, Computer
Physics Commun. 135 (2001) 238.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3553 </DOCNO>
The structure of the perturbation series of the spin-1 Bose gas at low


  The properties of Green's functions and various correlation functions of
density and spin operators are considered in a homogeneous spin-1 Bose gas in
different phases. The dielectric formalism is worked out and the partial
coincidence of the one-particle and collective spectra is pointed out below the
temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation. As an application the formalism is
used to give two approximations for the propagators and the correlation
functions and the spectra of excitations including shifts and widths due to the
thermal cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73129 </DOCNO>
Photon Structure Functions from Quenched Lattice QCD


  We calculate the first moment of the photon structure function,
$<x>^{\gamma}=\int^1_0 dx F^{\gamma}_2(x,Q^2)$, on the quenched lattices with
$\beta=6.0$ using the formalism developed by the authors recently. In this
exploratory study, we take into account only the connected contractions. The
result is compared with the experimental data as well as model predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74001 </DOCNO>
Leading-power contributions to $B\to\pi,\rho$ transition form factors


  We calculate the $B\to\pi,\rho$ transition form factors in the framework of
perturbative QCD to leading power of $1/M_B$, $M_B$ being the $B$ meson mass.
We explain the basic principle by discussing the pion electromagnetic form
factor. It is shown that the logarithmic and linear singularities occurring at
small momentum fractions of light meson distribution amplitudes do not exist in
a self-consistent perturbative analysis, which includes $k_\perp$ and threshold
resummations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81129 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulations of PT-Symmetric Quantum Field Theories


  Many non-Hermitian but PT-symmetric theories are known to have a real
positive spectrum. Since the action is complex for there theories, Monte Carlo
methods do not apply. In this paper the first field-theoretic method for
numerical simulations of PT-symmetric Hamiltonians is presented. The method is
the complex Langevin equation, which has been used previously to study complex
Hamiltonians in statistical physics and in Minkowski space. We compute the
equal-time one-point and two-point Green's functions in zero and one dimension,
where comparisons to known results can be made. The method should also be
applicable in four-dimensional space-time. Our approach may also give insight
into how to formulate a probabilistic interpretation of PT-symmetric theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127316 </DOCNO>
Eliminating the Coriols Effect in Liquid Mirrors


  If uncorrected, the Coriolis force due to the rotation of the Earth causes
significant aberration of images produced by large liquid-mirror telescopes. We
show that this problem can be eliminated by a fixed compensating tilt of the
liquid-mirror rotation axis. The required tilt angle, which is a function of
latitude and mirror rotation rate, is of order 10 arcsec for current
telescopes. This result removes the last fundamental obstacle to achieving
diffraction-limited performance with large liquid mirrors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179681 </DOCNO>
The Shears Mechanism in 142Gd in the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock Method with the


  We report on the first Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculations with the tilted-axis
cranking in the context of magnetic rotation. The mean field symmetries,
differences between phenomenological and self-consistent methods and the
generation of shears-like structures in the mean field are discussed.
Significant role of the time-odd spin-spin effective interaction is pointed
out. We reproduce the shears mechanism, but quantitative agreement with
experiment is rather poor. It may have to do with too large core polarization,
lack of pairing correlations or properties of the Skyrme force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2066 </DOCNO>
Closing the Pseudogap by Zeeman Splitting in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8+y at High


  Interlayer tunneling resistivity is used to probe the low-energy
density-of-states (DOS) depletion due to the pseudogap in the normal state of
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+y}$. Measurements up to 60 T reveal that a field that
restores DOS to its ungapped state shows strikingly different temperature and
doping dependencies from the characteristic fields of the superconducting
state. The pseudogap closing field and the pseudogap temperature $T^{\star}$
evaluated independently are related through a simple Zeeman energy scaling.
These findings indicate a predominant role of spins over the orbital effects in
the formation of the pseudogap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6819 </DOCNO>
Exchange coupling in CaMnO$_3$ and LaMnO$_3$: configuration interaction


  The equilibrium structure and exchange constants of CaMnO$_3$ and LaMnO$_3$
have been investigated using total energy unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) and
localised orbital configuration interaction (CI) calculations on the bulk
compounds and Mn$_2$O$_{11}^{14-}$ and Mn$_2$O$_{11}^{16-}$ clusters. The
predicted structure and exchange constants for CaMnO$_3$ are in reasonable
agreement with estimates based on its N\'eel temperature. A series of
calculations on LaMnO$_3$ in the cubic perovskite structure shows that a
Hamiltonian with independent orbital ordering and exchange terms accounts for
the total energies of cubic LaMnO$_3$ with various spin and orbital orderings.
Computed exchange constants depend on orbital ordering. UHF calculations tend
to underestimate exchange constants in LaMnO$_3$, but have the correct sign
when compared with values obtained by neutron scattering; exchange constants
obtained from CI calculations are in good agreement with neutron scattering
data provided the Madelung potential of the cluster is appropriate. Cluster CI
calculations reveal a strong dependence of exchange constants on Mn d e$_g$
orbital populations in both compounds. CI wave functions are analysed in order
to determine which exchange processes are important in exchange coupling in
CaMnO$_3$ and LaMnO$_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83797 </DOCNO>
Voice vs Data: Estimates of Media Usage and Network Traffic


  The popular conception is that data traffic nearly, if not already, exceeds
voice traffic on backbone networks. However, the results of research reported
in this paper imply that voice traffic greatly exceeds data traffic when real
users are asked to estimate their usage of a wide variety of media. Media usage
was surveyed for students in New York City and in Los Angeles. Other than
significant differences in radio listening, e-mails, and downloads, the usage
was quite similar. Telephone usage (wired and wireless) was nearly an hour per
day. When converted to bits, the telephone traffic was much greater than the
data traffic over the Internet. This paper reports on the details of the two
user studies. The traffic implications of the results are estimated. The
finding that voice exceeds data will then be reconciled with the popular
opposite conception.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174703 </DOCNO>
Pt Distributions of Identified Charged Hadrons Measured with the PHENIX


  Transverse momentum spectra of identified $\pi^{+}$, $\pi^{-}$, $K^{+}$,
$K^{-}$, p and $\overline{p}$ were measured by the PHENIX experiment at
mid-rapidity in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV over a broad
momentum range. Inverse slope parameters and mean $p_{t}$ were measured in
minimum bias events and as a function of the number of participating nucleons.
The mass and centrality dependence of the inverse slope parameters and mean
$p_{t}$ is presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1393 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal and transversal piezoresistive response of granular metals


  In this paper, we study the piezoresistive response and its anisotropy for a
bond percolation model of granular metals. Both effective medium results and
numerical Monte Carlo calculations of finite simple cubic networks show that
the piezoresistive anisotropy is a strongly dependent function of bond
probability p and of bond conductance distribution width \Delta g. We find that
piezoresistive anisotropy is strongly suppressed as p is reduced and/or \Delta
g is enhanced and that it vanishes at the percolation thresold p=p_c. We argue
that a measurement of the piezoresistive anisotropy could be a sensitive tool
to estimate critical metallic concentrations in real granular metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40756 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Subleading Corrections to Parity Violating Pion


  In a recent preprint, hep-ph/0012253, Zhu et al. calculated a part of the
next-to-leading order corrections to parity-violating pion photoproduction
(pol)gamma p-> pi^+ n in heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. They claim
they have found the contribution as large as the leading-order. If correct, the
process will not be a clean way to extract the longest range PV pion-nucleon
coupling constant h_{\pi NN}^(1), as was asserted in our previous publications
(hep-ph/0011230, nucl-th/0011100). In this comment we show that there is no
solid evidence to support Zhu et al.'s claim. Moreover, we show that the
subleading parity-violating coupling h_V cannot be extracted from observables
at the order of interest based on the formalism of effective field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76637 </DOCNO>
New measures of the quality and of the reliability of fits applied to


  We develop five new statistical measures of the quality of fits, which we
combine with the usual confidence level to determine the models which fit best
all available data for total cross sections and for the real part of the
forward hadronic amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40730 </DOCNO>
Predicting Neutron Production from Cosmic-ray Muons


  Fast neutrons from cosmic-ray muons are an important background to
underground low energy experiments. The estimate of such background is often
hampered by the difficulty of measuring and calculating neutron production with
sufficient accuracy. Indeed substantial disagreement exists between the
different analytical calculations performed so far, while data reported by
different experiments is not always consistent. We discuss a new unified
approach to estimate the neutron yield, the energy spectrum, the multiplicity
and the angular distribution from cosmic muons using the Monte Carlo simulation
package FLUKA and show that it gives a good description of most of the existing
measurements once the appropriate corrections have been applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128281 </DOCNO>
On the Variety of the Spectral and Temporal Behaviors of Long Gamma-Ray


  We find and study a variety of the spectral-temporal behavior during the
decay phase of long and bright GRB pulses. Even though only a small fraction of
observed bursts exhibit such pulses, these are of interest to study as they
reflect individual emission episodes during the burst. We have previously found
that for about half of these decays, the instantaneous photon flux ~ 1/time,
which is a consequence of the validity of both a power-law hardness-intensity
correlation (HIC) and an exponential hardness-fluence correlation (HFC). Here,
we study a complete sample of 25 BATSE pulses (having a peak flux in 1 s
resolution of > 5 photons/s/cm^2 and a S/N of 30 in at least 8 time bins) and,
specifically, search for other types of decay behaviors. First, we find that a
power law gives a better description of the pulse decays than a stretched
exponential, the most commonly assumed pulse shape so far. Then we find that
about half of the decays behave approximately as 1/time, and the other half
approximately as 1/time^3. For a few of the latter decays, the two
correlations, the HIC and the HFC, are constrained and found to be consistent
with the light curve behavior. For these cases, the HIC is still a power law
while the HFC is described by a generalized function. Finally, we briefly
discuss our results in a physical context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6563 </DOCNO>
Density functional calculations for III-V diluted ferromagnetic


  In this paper we review the latest achievements of density functional theory
in understanding the physics of diluted magnetic semiconductors. We focus on
transition metal doped III-V semiconductors, which show spontaneous
ferromagnetic order at relatively high temperature and good structural
compatibility with existing III-V devices. We show that density functional
theory is a very powerful tool for i) studying the effects of local doping
defects and disorder on the magnetic properties of these materials, ii)
predicting properties of new materials and iii) providing parameters, often not
accessible from experiments, for use in model Hamiltonian calculations. Such
studies are facilitated by recent advances in numerical implementations of
density functional theory, which make the study of systems with a very large
number of atoms possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83529 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial Toolbox for Protein Sequence Design and Landscape Analysis


  In modern biology, one of the most important research problems is to
understand how protein sequences fold into their native 3D structures. To
investigate this problem at a high level, one wishes to analyze the protein
landscapes, i.e., the structures of the space of all protein sequences and
their native 3D structures. Perhaps the most basic computational problem at
this level is to take a target 3D structure as input and design a fittest
protein sequence with respect to one or more fitness functions of the target 3D
structure. We develop a toolbox of combinatorial techniques for protein
landscape analysis in the Grand Canonical model of Sun, Brem, Chan, and Dill.
The toolbox is based on linear programming, network flow, and a linear-size
representation of all minimum cuts of a network. It not only substantially
expands the network flow technique for protein sequence design in Kleinberg's
seminal work but also is applicable to a considerably broader collection of
computational problems than those considered by Kleinberg. We have used this
toolbox to obtain a number of efficient algorithms and hardness results. We
have further used the algorithms to analyze 3D structures drawn from the
Protein Data Bank and have discovered some novel relationships between such
native 3D structures and the Grand Canonical model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 469 </DOCNO>
Interaction effects in non-Hermitian models of vortex physics


  Vortex lines in superconductors in an external magnetic field slightly tilted
from randomly-distributed parallel columnar defects can be modeled by a system
of interacting bosons in a non-Hermitian vector potential and a random scalar
potential. We develop a theory of the strongly-disordered non-Hermitian boson
Hubbard model using the Hartree-Bogoliubov approximation and apply it to
calculate the complex energy spectra, the vortex tilt angle and the tilt
modulus of (1+1)-dimensional directed flux line systems. We construct the phase
diagram associated with the flux-liquid to Bose-glass transition and find that,
close to the phase boundary, the tilted flux liquid phase is characterized by a
band of localized excitations, with two mobility edges in its low-energy
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6768 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the Composite Fermion masses from the spin polarization


  Measurements of the reflectivity of a 2-D electron gas are used to deduce the
polarization of the Composite Fermion hole system formed for Landau level
occupancies in the regime 1<\nu<2. The measurements are consistent with the
formation of a mixed spin CF system and allow the density of states or
`polarization' effective mass of the CF holes to be determined. The mass values
at \nu=3/2 are found to be ~1.9m_{e} for electron densities of 4.4 x 10^{11}
cm^{-2}, which is significantly larger than those found from measurements of
the energy gaps at finite values of effective magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1100 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic superconductivity mediated by phonons in layered compounds


  Anisotropic pairing interactions mediated by phonons are examined in layer
systems. It is shown that the screening effects become weaker when the layer
spacing increases. Then the anisotropic components of the pairing interactions
increase with the screening length since the momentum dependence changes. As a
result, various types of anisotropic superconductivity occur depending on the
parameter region. For example, p-wave superconductivity occurs when the
short-range part of Coulomb repulsion is strong and the layer spacing is large.
Two kinds of inter-layer pairing may occur when the layer spacing is not too
large. Although the phonon contribution to the d-wave pairing interaction is
weaker than the p-wave interaction, it increases with the layer spacing.
Relevance of the present results to organic superconductors, high-T_c cuprates,
and Sr_2RuO_4 is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98072 </DOCNO>
Hyperkahler Metrics from Periodic Monopoles


  Relative moduli spaces of periodic monopoles provide novel examples of
Asymptotically Locally Flat hyperkahler manifolds. By considering the
interactions between well-separated periodic monopoles, we infer the asymptotic
behavior of their metrics. When the monopole moduli space is four-dimensional,
this construction yields interesting examples of metrics with self-dual
curvature (gravitational instantons). We discuss their topology and complex
geometry. An alternative construction of these gravitational instantons using
moduli spaces of Hitchin equations is also described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73370 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment, $B\to X_s \gamma$ and dark matter


  We consider the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_{\mu}$ in the string models
with dilaton domination with two different string scales : the usual GUT scale
and the intermediate scale. After imposing the direct search limits on the
lightest neutral Higgs and SUSY particle masses and the lightest neutralino
LSP, the $a_{\mu}^{\rm SUSY}$ is predicted to be less than $65 (55) \times
10^{-10}$ for $M_{string} = 2 \times 10^{16}$ GeV ($3 \times 10^{11}$ GeV). If
we further impose the $B\to X_s \gamma$ branching ratio, the predicted
$a_{\mu}^{\rm SUSY}$ becomes lower to $35 \times 10^{-10}$ for intermediate
string scale. The resulting LSP - proton scattering cross section is less than
$\sim 10^{-7}$ pb, which is below the sensitivity of the current direct dark
matter search experiments, but could be covered by future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169070 </DOCNO>
Necessary conditions for the efficient simulation of Hamiltonians using


  We give necessary conditions for the efficient simulation of Hamiltonians,
which are independent of the eigenvalues and based on the algebraic-geometric
invariants introduced recently in [1] and [2]. The results show that the
problem of efficient simulation of arbitrary bipartite Hamiltonians cannot be
described by only using eigenvalues, which is quite different to the two-qubit
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128328 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Clusters in Hubble Volume Simulations: Cosmological Constraints


  We use giga-particle N-body simulations to study galaxy cluster populations
in Hubble Volumes of LCDM (Omega_m=0.3, Omega_Lambda=0.7) and tCDM (Omega_m=1)
world models. Mapping past light-cones of locations in the computational space,
we create mock sky surveys of dark matter structure to z~1.4 over 10,000 sq deg
and to z~0.5 over two full spheres. Calibrating the Jenkins mass function at
z=0 with samples of ~1.5 million clusters, we show that the fit describes the
sky survey counts to <~20% acccuracy over all redshifts for systems larger than
poor groups (M>5e13 Msun/h). Fitting the observed local temperature function
determines the ratio beta of specific thermal energies in dark matter and
intracluster gas. We derive a scaling with power spectrum normalization beta
\propto sigma8^{5/3}, and measure a 4% error on sigma8 arising from cosmic
variance in temperature-limited cluster samples. Considering distant clusters,
the LCDM model matches EMSS and RDCS X-ray-selected survey observations under
economical assumptions for intracluster gas evolution. Using transformations of
mass-limited cluster samples that mimic sigma8 variation, we explore SZ search
expectations for a 10 sq deg survey complete above 10^{14} Msun/h. Cluster
counts are shown to be extremely sensitive to sigma8 uncertainty while redshift
statistics, such as the sample median, are much more stable. For LCDM, the
characteristic temperature at fixed sky surface density is a weak function of
redshift, implying an abundance of hot clusters at z>1. Assuming constant beta,
four kT>8 keV clusters lie at z>2 and 40 kT>5 keV clusters lie at z>3 on the
whole sky. Detection of Coma-sized clusters at z>1 violate LCDM at 95%
confidence if their surface density exceeds 0.003 per sq deg, or 120 on the
whole sky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123688 </DOCNO>
Rapid-Process Nucleosynthesis in Neutrino-Magneto-Centrifugally Driven


  We have studied whether the rotation and magnetic fields in neutrino-driven
winds can be key processes for the rapid-process (r-process) nucleosynthesis.
We have examined the features of a steady and subsonic wind solutions which
extend the model of Weber and Davis (1967), which is a representative solar
wind model. As a result, we found that the entropy per baryon becomes lower and
the dynamical timescale becomes longer as the angular velocity becomes higher.
These results are inappropriate for the production of the r-process nuclei. As
for the effects of magnetic fields, we found that a solution as a steady wind
from the surface of the proto-neutron star can not be obtained when the
strength of the magnetic field becomes $\ge$ $10^{11}$ G. Since the magnetic
field in normal pulsars is of order $10^{12}$ G, a steady wind solution might
not be realized there, which means that the models in this study may not be
adopted for normal proto-neutron stars. In this situation, we have little
choice but to conclude that it is difficult to realize a successful r-process
nucleosynthesis in the wind models in this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3220 </DOCNO>
Spatial mapping of the electron eigenfunctions in InAs self-assembled


  We use magnetotunnelling spectroscopy as a non-invasive probe to produce
two-dimensional spatial images of the probability density of an electron
confined in a self-assembled semiconductor quantum dot. The images reveal
clearly the elliptical symmetry of the ground state and the characteristic
lobes of the higher energy states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85909 </DOCNO>
Scalar solitons in a 4-Dimensional curved space-time


  There is a theorem known as a Virial theorem that restricts the possible
existence of non-trivial static solitary waves with scalar fields in a flat
space-time with 3 or more spatial dimensions. This raises the following
question: Does the analogous curved space-time version hold?. We investigate
the possibility of solitons in a 4-D curved space-time with a simple model
using numerical analysis. We found that there exists a static solution of the
proposed non linear wave equation. This proves that in curved space-time the
possibilities of solitonic solutions is enhanced relative to the flat
space-time case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124993 </DOCNO>
UBVI and Ha Photometry of the h & chi Persei cluster


  UBVI and Ha photometry is presented for 17319 stars in vicinity of the young
double cluster h & chi Persei. Our photometry extends over a 37arcmin x 1arcdeg
field centered on the association. We construct reddening contours within the
imaged field. We find that the two clusters share a common distance modulus of
11.75$\pm$0.05 and ages of log age(yr) = 7.1$\pm$0.1. From the V-Ha colour, a
measure of the Ha emission strength, we conduct a survey for emission line
objects within the association. We detect a sample of 33 Be stars, 8 of which
are new detections. We present a scenario of evolutionary enhancement of the Be
phenomenon to account for the peak in Be fraction towards the top of the
main-sequence in the population of h & chi Persei and similar young clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81196 </DOCNO>
External Field Dependence of Deconfinement Temperature in SU(3)


  We study vacuum dynamics of SU(3) lattice gauge theory at finite temperature.
Using the lattice Schr\"odinger functional, SU(3) vacuum is probed by means of
an external constant Abelian chromomagnetic field. Our preliminary numerical
data suggest that, by increasing the strength of the applied external field,
deconfinement temperature decreases towards zero. This means that strong enough
Abelian chromomagnetic fields destroy confinement of color.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1679 </DOCNO>
Spin Order due to Orbital Fluctuations: Cubic Vanadates


  We investigate the highly frustrated spin and orbital superexchange
interactions in cubic vanadates. The fluctuations of $t_{2g}$ orbitals trigger
a {\it novel mechanism of ferromagnetic interactions} between spins S=1 of
V$^{3+}$ ions along one of the cubic directions which operates already in the
absence of Hund's rule exchange $J_H$, and leads to the C-type
antiferromagnetic phase in LaVO$_3$. The Jahn-Teller effect can stabilize the
orbital ordering and the G-type antiferromagnetic phase at low temperatures,
but large entropy due to orbital fluctuations favors again the C-phase at
higher temperatures, as observed in YVO$_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124876 </DOCNO>
OSSE and RXTE Observations of GRS 1915+105: Evidence for Non-thermal


  GRS 1915+105 was observed by the CGRO/OSSE 9 times in 1995-2000, and 8 of
those observations were simultaneous with those by RXTE. We present an analysis
of all of the OSSE data and of two RXTE-OSSE spectra with the lowest and
highest X-ray fluxes. The OSSE data show a power-law--like spectrum extending
up to ~600 keV without any break. We interpret this emission as strong evidence
for the presence of non-thermal electrons in the source. The broad-band spectra
cannot be described by either thermal or bulk-motion Comptonization, whereas
they are well described by Comptonization in hybrid thermal/ non-thermal
plasmas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5545 </DOCNO>
Excitonic effects in solids described by time-dependent density


  Starting from the many-body Bethe-Salpeter equation we derive an
exchange-correlation kernel $f_{xc}$ that reproduces excitonic effects in bulk
materials within time-dependent density functional theory. The resulting
$f_{xc}$ accounts for both self-energy corrections and the electron-hole
interaction. It is {\em static}, {\em non-local} and has a long-range Coulomb
tail. Taking the example of bulk silicon, we show that the $- \alpha / q^2$
divergency is crucial and can, in the case of continuum excitons, even be
sufficient for reproducing the excitonic effects and yielding excellent
agreement between the calculated and the experimental absorption spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125149 </DOCNO>
VIIZw 403: a BCD with a noncoeval starburst


  The recent history of star formation in VIIZw 403 is analyzed taking into
account the dynamics of the starburst blown superbubble and the restrictions
that follow from X-ray observations, and from our H$\alpha$ data. Our results
show that the starburst energizing VIIZw 403 is NOT coeval, but rather the star
forming phase has lasted for more than 30Myr and at such a low pace that most
probably the newly processed metals will not be ejected into the intergalactic
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126595 </DOCNO>
Heating of the intergalactic medium due to structure formation


  We estimate the heating of the intergalactic medium due to shocks arising
from structure formation. Heating of the gas outside the collapsed regions,
with small overdensities (${n_b \over {\bar n_b}}\ll 200$) is considered here,
with the aid of Zel'dovich approximation. We estimate the equation of state of
this gas, relating the density with its temperature, and its evolution in time,
considering the shock heating due to one-$\sigma$ density peaks as being the
most dominant. We also estimate the mass fraction of gas above a given
temperature as a function of redshift. We find that the baryon fraction above
$10^6$ K at $z=0$ is $\sim 10 %$. We estimate the integrated Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
distortion from this gas at present epoch to be of order $10^{-6}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97026 </DOCNO>
Classifying Spinor Structures


  I begin by explaining how Riemannian geometry can be understood in terms of
principal fibre bundles and connections thereon. I then introduce and motivate
the definition of a spinor structure in terms of familiar geometrical ideas.
  The central result of this thesis is a complete and constructive
classification of spinor structures, generalising some earlier results. I will
explain how principal fibre bundles and covering spaces provide the key
ingredients to the proof. A different type of classification can also be
attempted, in terms of the underlying principal fibre bundle, and this allows
us to compare `spinor connections'.
  The final part indicates how spinor structures for Lorentzian manifolds
provide the natural setting for the `spinor calculus', and so for the Dirac
equation for the electron. The effect of the choice of spinor structure on the
Dirac equation is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74004 </DOCNO>
Chiral Superconducting Strings and Nambu-Goto Strings in Arbitrary


  We present general solutions to the equations of motion for a superconducting
relativistic chiral string that satisfy the unit magnitude constraint in terms
of products of rotations. From this result we show how to construct a general
family of odd harmonic superconducting chiral loops. We further generalise the
product of rotations to an arbitrary number of dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95970 </DOCNO>
Conjugacy rigidity for nonpositively curved graph manifolds


  We show that the metric of nonpositively curved graph manifolds is determined
by its geodesic flow. More precisely we show that if the geodesic flows of two
nonpositively curved graph manifolds are $C^0$ conjugate then the spaces are
isometric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40958 </DOCNO>
Observation of an Anomalous Number of Dimuon Events in a High Energy


  A search for long-lived neutral particles (N^0's) with masses above 2.2
GeV/c^2 that decay into at least one muon has been performed using an
instrumented decay channel at the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab. Data were
examined for particles decaying into the final states mu mu, mu e, and mu pi.
Three mu mu events were observed over an expected Standard Model background of
0.069 +/- 0.010 events; no events were observed in the other modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95421 </DOCNO>
Simple Homogeneous Models


  Geometrical stability theory is a powerful set of model-theoretic tools that
can lead to structural results on models of a simple first-order theory.
Typical results offer a characterization of the groups definable in a model of
the theory. The work is carried out in a universal domain of the theory (a
saturated model) in which the Stone space topology on ultrafilters of definable
relations is compact. Here we operate in the more general setting of
homogeneous models, which typically have noncompact Stone topologies. In this
paper strongly $\lambda-$homogeneous models $(M,R)$ in which the elements of
$R$ induce a symmetric and transitive notion of independence with bounded
character are studied. This notion of independence, defined using a
combinatorial condition called ``dividing'', agrees with forking independence
when $(M,R)$ is saturated. The concept central to the development of
geometrical stability theory for saturated structures, namely the canonical
base, is also shown to exist in this setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74499 </DOCNO>
Extended Quintessence and its Late-time Domination


  Various astronomical observations point towards the evidence for dark energy.
One of the most mysterious problem is the coincidence problem: why dark energy
becomes dominant only recently. We present a scenario based on extended
quintessence models to explain the late-time domination of dark energy without
severe fine-tuning of initial conditions and model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6044 </DOCNO>
3-dimensional arrays of BiSrCaCuO-2212 intrinsic Josephson junctions and


  On a slice of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+x} 200~300 nm thick, stacks of intrinsic
Josephson junctions are patterned, connected to each other, and integrated with
a bow-tie antenna and some chokes. Over an area of 150 microns by 170 microns,
so far we are able to fabricate up to 256 stacks with over 11,000 junctions.
Such 3-dimensional arrays of intrinsic Josephson junctions respond sensitively
to irradiation at 760 GHz from a far-infrared laser, showing clear
zero-crossing Shapiro steps up to 0.75 V. In addition, possible applications in
quantum voltage standard etc are also discussed here. The high density of
integration of Josephson junctions is also promising for many other
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1740 </DOCNO>
Giant Magnetoresistance by Exchange Springs in DyFe$_2$/YFe$_2$


  Magnetization and magnetoresistance measurements are reported for
antiferromagnetically coupled DyFe$_2$/YFe$_2$ multilayers in fields up to 23
T. We demonstrate that the formation of short exchange springs (~ 2 nm) in the
magnetically soft YFe$_2$ layers results in a giant magneto-resistance as high
as 32% in the spring region. It is shown that both the magnitude of the effect,
and its dependence on magnetic field, are in good agreement with the theory of
Levy and Zhang for giant magnetoresistance due to domain wall like structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77057 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing the neutrinoless double beta decay mechanisms


  Many new neutrinoless double beta decay (0nbb) experiments are planned or in
preparation. If the 0nbb-decay will be detected, the key issue will be what is
the dominant mechanism of this process. By measuring only transitions to the
ground state one can not distinguish among many of the 0nbb-decay mechanisms
(the light and heavy Majorana neutrino exchange mechanisms, the trilinear
R-parity breaking mechanisms etc.). We show that if the ratio of the 0nbb-decay
half-lifes for transitions to the 0^+ first excited and ground states is
determined both theoretically and experimentally, it might be possible to
determine, which 0nbb-decay mechanisms is dominant. For that purpose the
corresponding nuclear matrix elements have to be evaluated with high
reliability. The present work is giving strong motivations for experimental
studies of the 0nbb-decay transitions to the first excited 0^+ states of the
final nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85960 </DOCNO>
Gravitational fields with a non Abelian bidimensional Lie algebra of


  Vacuum gravitational fields invariant for a bidimensional non Abelian Lie
algebra of Killing fields, are explicitly described. They are parameterized
either by solutions of a transcendental equation (the tortoise equation) or by
solutions of a linear second order differential equation on the plane.
Gravitational fields determined via the tortoise equation, are invariant for a
3-dimensional Lie algebra of Killing fields with bidimensional leaves. Global
gravitational fields out of local ones are also constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85894 </DOCNO>
Dissipation for Euler's Disk and a Desktop Demonstration of Coalescing


  I show that the recent calculation of Moffatt's regarding the viscous
dissipation of a spinning coin overlooked the importance of the finite width of
the viscous boundary layer. My new estimates are more in accord with that
observed. I also point out that the frequency ``chirp'' of the specially
designed toy ``Euler's Disk'' is similar to that expected during the last few
minutes of the life of a coalescing binary of two neutron stars. As such, this
toy is an excellent desktop demonstration for the expected phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124002 </DOCNO>
Radiative transfer for the FIRST era


  This paper presents a brief overview of some recent advances in numerical
radiative transfer, which may help the molecular astrophysics community to
achieve new breakthroughs in the interpretation of spectro-(polarimetric)
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2447 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Drag Between Quasiballistic Quantum Wires: an Indication of


  The Coulomb drag between two spatially separated, 2 \mu m long
lithographically defined quantum wires has been studied experimentally in the
absence of interwire tunneling. The drag resistance R_D shows peaks when the 1D
subband bottoms of the wires are aligned and the Fermi wave vector k_F is
small. R_D decreases exponentially with the interwire separation d. In the
temperature range 0.2K to 1K the drag signal shows the {\it power-law
dependence} R_D ~ T**x with x ranging from -0.61 to -0.77 depending on the
magnitude of k_F. We interpret our experimental results in the framework of the
Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86432 </DOCNO>
Distribution of Dark Matter around a Central Body, Pioneer Effect and


  Within the framework of the Projective Unified Field Theory the distribution
of a dark matter gas around a central body is calculated. As a result the
well-known formulas of the Newtonian gravitational interaction are altered.
This dark matter effect leads to an additional radial force (towards the
center) in the equation of motion of a test body, being used for the
explanation of the so-called ``Pioneer effect'', measured in the solar system,
but without a convincing theoretical basis up to now. Further the relationship
of the occurring new force to the so-called ``fifth force'' is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 497 </DOCNO>
Magnetism of a tetrahedral cluster-chain


  Magnetic properties of a completely frustrated tetrahedral chain are briefly
summarized. Using exact diagonalization, and bond-operator theory results for
the ground-state phase diagram, the one-triplet excitations and the Raman
spectrum are given. The link to novel tellurate materials is clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77062 </DOCNO>
Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections to the Polarized Hadroproduction


  We present the complete next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the
polarized hadroproduction of heavy flavors which soon will be studied
experimentally in polarized pp collisions at the BNL RHIC in order to constrain
the polarized gluon density Delta g. It is demonstrated that the dependence on
unphysical renormalization and factorization scales is strongly reduced beyond
the leading order. The sensitivity of the heavy quark spin asymmetry to Delta g
is studied, including the limited detector acceptance for experimentally
observable leptons from heavy quark decays at the BNL RHIC. As a further
application of our results, gluino pair production in polarized pp collisions
is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76701 </DOCNO>
Theoretical developments on Quartic Gauge Boson Couplings at LEP


  The search for quartic anomalous gauge couplings (QAGC) at LEP requires
appropriate predictions for the radiative processes e+ e- \to \nu\bar\nu
\gamma\gamma, e+ e- \to q\bar{q}\gamma\gamma and e+ e- \to 4 fermions+\gamma.
The current knowledge on dimension-six operators giving rise to QAGC is briefly
reviewed, together with their implementation in event generators. The accuracy
of calculations based on real approximations (used up to now for the LEP
experimental analysis) is examined by comparing them with the available exact
matrix element calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81297 </DOCNO>
Hadron spectroscopy of twisted mass lattice QCD at beta = 6.0


  Simulations that use the clover action in quenched QCD calculations have a
lower limit to the quark mass that can be reached, because of the fluctuations
caused by exceptional configurations. From this low statistics study, we find
that the twisted clover action, recently introduced by the ALPHA collaboration,
can be used to simulate quenched QCD at quark masses below those attainable by
simulations that use the clover action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2094 </DOCNO>
Critical index of Anderson transition in 3D systems


  Anderson transition in three-dimensional systems is investigated using
renormalization group theory. $\beta$-function of a very simple form is derived
from a self-consistent consideration, and it gives a value $1+1/\sqrt{3}=1.58$
for the critical index of the transition, which is very close to those obtained
by numerical studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97942 </DOCNO>
Topological semigroups and universal spaces related to extension


  It is proved that there is no structure of left (right) cancelative semigroup
on $[L]$-dimensional universal space for the class of separable compact spaces
of extensional dimension $\le [L]$. Besides, we note that the homeomorphism
group of $[L]$-dimensional space whose nonempty open sets are universal for the
class of separable compact spaces of extensional dimension $\le [L]$ is totally
disconnected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1711 </DOCNO>
Correlation mechanism of the f-electron delocalization


  The mechanism of f-electron delocalization is investigated within the
multi-orbital Anderson lattice model by means of diagrammatic perturbation
theory from the atomic limit. The derived equations couple the intra-atomic
transition energies, their spectral weights and population numbers of the
many-electron states. Its self-consistent solution for praseodymium metal shows
that the delocalization can be caused by external pressure via a resonant
mixing of f- and conduction electrons in the vicinity of the the Fermi surface.
It is also found that: 1. An increase of mixing leads to a decrease of the
physical values of the Hubbard interactions, $U^*$, the reduction, however, is
small. 2. The initial Hubbard U is split by renormalization into a set of
different physical values of $U^*_{i,j}$. 3. The gain in cohesive energy
together with the f-sum rule cause a transfer of spectral weight, which is
decisive for the delocalization of \f-electrons. 4. The correlated Fermionic
quasi particles have their bandwidth slightly reduced compared to the ones
obtained by means of the Kohn-Sham equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4576 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Kosterlitz-Thouless type orientational ordering of CF$_3$Br


  Monolayers of the halomethane CF$_3$Br adsorbed on graphite have been
investigated by x-ray diffraction. The layers crystallize in a commensurate
triangular lattice. On cooling they approach a three-sublattice
antiferroelectric pattern of the in-plane components of the dipole moments. The
ordering is not consistent with a conventional phase transition, but points to
Kosterlitz-Thouless behavior. It is argued that the transition is described by
a 6-state clock model on a triangular lattice with antiferromagnetic nearest
neighbor interactions which is studied with Monte-Carlo simulations. A
finite-size scaling analysis shows that the ordering transition is indeed in
the KT universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81344 </DOCNO>
Heavy-light physics using NRQCD-staggered actions


  One leading source of uncertainty in the lattice computation of semi-leptonic
form factors in B decay, and to a lesser extent B meson decay constants, comes
from the extrapolation of the light quark mass to the physical up/down mass.
This talk presents first explorations of simulating the light quark with
staggered fermion actions, which are free of the spurious zero modes that
effect Wilson-like Dirac operators and are less costly. Methods for fitting to
Euclidean-time NRQCD-staggered meson propagators are discussed, and some
preliminary spectrum results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75436 </DOCNO>
Timelapse


  We discuss the existence in an arbitrary frame of a finite time for the
transformation of an initial quantum state into another e.g. in a decay.
  This leads to the introduction of a timelapse $\tilde{\tau}$ in analogy with
the lifetime of a particle. An argument based upon the Heisenberg uncertainty
principle suggests the value of $\tilde{\tau}=1 / M_0$. Consequences for the
exponential decay formula and the modifications that $\tilde{\tau}$ introduces
into the Breit-Wigner mass formula are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6875 </DOCNO>
The Kondo lattice model from strong-coupling viewpoint


  We present some preliminary results on the phase diagram of the 2D S=1/2
Kondo lattice model at finite doping. As a starting point the Hamiltonian is
written in terms of local spin and charge excitations, and the interactions
between these modes are subsequently treated in various perturbative schemes.
We find that a paramagnetic-magnetic quantum phase transition does occur, and,
at least on a superficial level, the Kondo effect does not break down at the
critical point. The latter result however might well be a consequence of the
inherent bias of our starting point and/or the level of approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125820 </DOCNO>
Window Function for Non-Circular Beam CMB Anisotropy Experiment


  We develop computationally rapid methods to compute the window function for a
cosmic microwave background anisotropy experiment with a non-circular beam
which scans over large angles on the sky. To concretely illustrate these
methods we compute the window function for the Python V experiment which scans
over large angles on the sky with an elliptical Gaussian beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129137 </DOCNO>
The Ghost of Sagittarius and Lumps in the Halo of the Milky Way


  We identify new structures in the halo of the Milky Way Galaxy from
positions, colors and magnitudes of five million stars detected in the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey. Most of these stars are within 1.26 degrees of the
celestial equator. We present color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) for stars in two
previously discovered, tidally disrupted structures. The CMDs and turnoff
colors are consistent with those of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, as had been
predicted. In one direction, we are even able to detect a clump of red stars,
similar to that of the Sagittarius dwarf, from stars spread across 110 square
degrees of sky. Focusing on stars with the colors of F turnoff objects, we
identify at least five additional overdensities of stars. Four of these may be
pieces of the same halo structure, which would cover a region of the sky at
least 40 degrees in diameter, at a distance of 11 kpc from the Sun (18 kpc from
the center of the Galaxy). The turnoff is significantly bluer than that of
thick disk stars, and closer to the Galactic plane than a power-law spheroid.
We suggest two models to explain this new structure. One possibility is that
this new structure could be a new dwarf satellite of the Milky Way, hidden in
the Galactic plane, and in the process of being tidally disrupted. The other
possibility is that it could be part of a disk-like distribution of stars which
is metal-poor, with a scale height of approximately 2 kpc and a scale length of
approximately 10 kpc. The fifth overdensity, which is 20 kpc away, is some
distance from the Sagittarius dwarf streamer orbit and is not associated with
any known structure in the Galactic plane. It is likely that there are many
smaller streams of stars in the Galactic halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3874 </DOCNO>
Geometric approach to the dynamic glass transition


  We numerically study the potential energy landscape of a fragile glassy
system and find that the dynamic crossover corresponding to the glass
transition is actually the effect of an underlying geometric transition caused
by a qualitative change in the topological properties of the landscape.
Furthermore, we show that the potential energy barriers connecting local glassy
minima increase with decreasing energy of the minima, and we relate this
behaviour to the fragility of the system. Finally, we analyze the real space
structure of activated processes by studying the distribution of particle
displacements for local minima connected by simple saddles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114323 </DOCNO>
On non-equivalence of Lorentz and Coulomb gauges within classical


  It is shown that the well-known procedure for proving the equivalence of the
expressions for the electric field calculated using the Lorentz and Coulomb
gauges is incorrect. The difference between the two gauges is due to the
difference in the speed of propagation of a disturbance of the scalar
potential. As an auxiliary result, it is proven that the solution for the
electric field cannot be obtained directly from the Maxwell equations, i.e.
without introducing the scalar and vector potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2396 </DOCNO>
Effects of transition metal doping in MgB$_2$ superconductor


  Effects of chemical substitution of the divalent transition metals has been
systematically investigated in Mg$_{1-x}M_x$B$_2$ (x=0.03; M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and
Zn). Substitution of magnetic ions, i.e., Mn$^{2+}$, Fe$^{2+}$, Co$^{2+}$ and
Ni$^{2+}$, for the Mg$^{2+}$ ion suppresses $T_{\rm c}$: d$T_{\rm c}$/d$x$ is
the largest (= - 159 K) in the Mn-doped sample. We have found Zn-substitution
increases $T_{\rm c}$ ($\Delta T_{\rm c} \approx$ 0.2 K at x=0.03), perhaps due
to the enhanced density of state near the Fermi level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179388 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of the quark densities in nuclei


  We study the static scalar susceptibility of the nuclear medium, i.e., the
change of the quark condensate for a small modification of the quark mass. In
the linear sigma model it is linked to the in-medium sigma propagator. At
ordinary nuclear densities, when chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken, the
scalar susceptibility is distinct from the pseudoscalar one, which is linked to
the fluctuations of the quark pseudoscalar density. We show that the
pseudoscalar one, which is large in the vacuum, owing to the smallness of the
pion mass, follows the density evolution of the quark condensate and thus
decreases. The scalar one instead increases due to the mixing with the softer
modes of the nucleon-hole excitations. At normal nuclear matter density the two
susceptibilities become much closer, a partial chiral symmetry restoration
effect as they become equal when the full restoration is achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1335 </DOCNO>
The ordering temperature and critical exponents of the binomial Ising


  We compare numerical estimates from different sources for the ordering
temperature $T_g$ and the critical exponents of the Ising spin glass in
dimension three with binomial ($\pm J$) interactions. Corrections to finite
size scaling turn out to be important especially for parameters such as the
Binder cumulant. For non-equilibrium parameters it is easier to approach the
large size limit and to allow for corrections to scaling. Relying principally
on such data, a crossing point defines the freezing temperature $T_g$; the
possibility that the ordering temperature is zero can definitively be excluded.
We estimate an ordering temperature $T_g = 1.195(15)$, with associated
estimates of the critical exponents for which corrections to finite size
scaling are well under control. Among the parameters evaluated is the leading
dynamic correction to scaling exponent $w$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7501 </DOCNO>
Mode-locking in driven vortex lattices with transverse ac-drive and


  We find mode-locking steps in simulated current-voltage characteristics of
driven vortex lattices with {\it random} pinning when an applied ac-current is
{\it perpendicular} to the dc-current. For low frequencies there is
mode-locking only above a non-zero threshold ac force amplitude, while for
large frequencies there is mode-locking for any small ac force. This is
consistent with the nature of {\it transverse} temporal order in the different
regimes in the absence of an applied ac-drive. For large frequencies the
magnitude of the fundamental mode-locked step depends linearly with the ac
force amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83886 </DOCNO>
CyberCampaigns and Canadian Politics: Still Waiting?


  The early election call in the fall of 2000 provided the perfect opportunity
to study the impact the Internet has had on election campaigning in Canada.
With the explosion of use the Net has seen since the 1997 general election,
Canadian federal parties stood at the threshold of a new age in election
campaigning. Pundits such as Rheingold (1993) have argued that the Internet
will provide citizens with a way to bypass traditional media and gain
unmediated access to each parties political message as well as providing a
forum for citizens to engage the parties, and each other in deliberative
debate.
  Through a longitudinal analysis of party web pages and telephone interviews
with party staffers, we analyze the role the Internet played in the election
campaigns of Canada's federal parties. Our findings indicate that the parties
are still focusing on providing online features that talk at the voter instead
of engaging them in any type of meaningful discourse. Most of these sites were
exceptionally similar in their structure and in the type of content they
provided. Generally, these sites served as digital archives for campaign
material created with other media in mind and despite the multimedia
capabilities of the Internet, these sites tended to be overwhelmingly text
oriented. In line with Stromer-Galley's (2000) discussion of why candidates in
the U.S. avoid online interaction, we also argue that little incentive exists
to motivate parties to engage in any meaningful interaction with voters online.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168599 </DOCNO>
The Geometry of Single-Qubit Maps


  The physically allowed quantum evolutions on a single qubit can be described
in terms of their geometry. From a simple parameterisation of unital
single-qubit channels, the canonical form of all such channels can be given.
The related geometry can be used to understand how to approximate positive maps
by completely-positive maps, such as in the case of optimal eavesdropping
strategies. These quantum channels can be generated by the appropriate network
or through dynamical means. The Str{\o}mer-Woronowisc result can also be
understood in terms of this geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5452 </DOCNO>
Anomaly in the stability limit of liquid helium 3


  We propose that the liquid-gas spinodal line of helium 3 reaches a minimum at
0.4 K. This feature is supported by our cavitation measurements. We also show
that it is consistent with extrapolations of sound velocity measurements.
Speedy [J. Phys. Chem. 86, 3002 (1982)] previously proposed this peculiar
behavior for the spinodal of water and related it to a change in sign of the
expansion coefficient alpha, i. e. a line of density maxima. Helium 3 exhibits
such a line at positive pressure. We consider its extrapolation to negative
pressure. Our discussion raises fundamental questions about the sign of alpha
in a Fermi liquid along its spinodal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86613 </DOCNO>
Critical phenomena at the threshold of black hole formation for


  We perform a numerical study of the critical regime at the threshold of black
hole formation in the spherically symmetric, general relativistic collapse of
collisionless matter. The coupled Einstein-Vlasov equations are solved using a
particle-mesh method in which the evolution of the phase-space distribution
function is approximated by a set of particles (or, more precisely,
infinitesimally thin shells) moving along geodesics of the spacetime.
Individual particles may have non-zero angular momenta, but spherical symmetry
dictates that the total angular momentum of the matter distribution vanish. In
accord with previous work by Rein et al, our results indicate that the critical
behavior in this model is Type I; that is, the smallest black hole in each
parametrized family has a finite mass. We present evidence that the critical
solutions are characterized by unstable, static spacetimes, with non-trivial
distributions of radial momenta for the particles. As expected for Type I
solutions, we also find power-law scaling relations for the lifetimes of
near-critical configurations as a function of parameter-space distance from
criticality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86619 </DOCNO>
Detection in coincidence of gravitational wave bursts with a network of


  Detecting gravitational wave bursts (characterised by short durations and
poorly modelled waveforms) requires to have coincidences between several
interferometric detectors in order to reject non-stationary noise events. As
the wave amplitude seen in a detector depends on its location with respect to
the source direction and as the signal to noise ratio of these bursts are
expected to be low, coincidences between antennas may not be so likely. This
paper investigates this question from a statistical point of view by using a
simple model of a network of detectors; it also estimates the timing precision
of a detection in an interferometer which is an important issue for the
reconstruction of the source location, based on time delays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127063 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared Spectroscopy and HST Imaging of a Dusty Starburst ERO


  We present near-IR spectroscopy and HST imaging of EROJ164023, an Extremely
Red Object (ERO) with R-K=5.9 at z=1.05. EROJ164023 is a disk galaxy, with an
optical/IR spectral energy distribution which is strongly reddened by dust
(L_FIR/L_B<~200; A_V~5). The narrow emission lines (~300km/s) and the high
[NII]/Halpha line ratio indicate that this is a ``composite'' starburst-Seyfert
galaxy. Assuming that star formation dominates, we constrain the SFR to be
10-700Mo/yr from a variety of indicators. We compare EROJ164023 with the only
other spectroscopically identified dusty EROs: HR10 (z=1.44) and ISOJ1324-2016
(z=1.50). EROJ164023 and HR10 have similar disk-like morphologies, and both
exhibit a variation in the apparent dust obscuration depending upon the
diagnostic used, suggesting that there is a complex spatial mix of stellar
populations and dust in these galaxies. In contrast, the compact morphology and
spectral properties of ISOJ1324-2016 indicate that it is a dusty quasar. Our
results demonstrate that dusty galaxies identified using photometric ERO
criteria include pure starbursts, composite systems such as EROJ164023 and
dusty quasars. We suggest that the classification of EROs into these
sub-classes cannot be reliably achieved from optical/near-IR photometry and
instead requires mid/far-IR or sub-mm photometry and near-IR spectroscopy. The
advent of efficient multi-object spectrographs working in the near-IR as well
as the imminent launch of SIRTF therefore promise the opportunity of rapid
progress in our understanding of the elusive ERO population. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169311 </DOCNO>
Quantum computing and communication with decoherence-free atomic states


  To resist decoherence from destroying the phase factor of qubit state, it is
important to use decoherence-free states for processing, transmitting and
storing quantum information in quantum computing and quantum communication. We
propose a practical scheme using four atoms with decoherence-free states in a
single-mode cavity to realize the entanglement and fundamental quantum logic
gates. The transmission of quantum information can be made directly from one
atom to another, in which the cavity is only virtually excited. The possible
application and the experimental requirement of our proposal are discussed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179366 </DOCNO>
Deuteron distribution in nuclear matter


  We analyze the properties of deuteron-like structures in infinite, correlated
nuclear matter, described by a realistic hamiltonian containing the Urbana
$v_{14}$ two-nucleon and the Urbana TNI many-body potentials. The distribution
of neutron-proton pairs, carrying the deuteron quantum numbers, is obtained as
a function of the total momentum by computing the overlap between the nuclear
matter in its ground state and the deuteron wave functions in correlated basis
functions theory. We study the differences between the S- and D-wave components
of the deuteron and those of the deuteron-like pair in the nuclear medium. The
total number of deuteron type pairs is computed and compared with the
predictions of Levinger's quasideuteron model. The resulting Levinger's factor
in nuclear matter at equilibrium densityis 11.63. We use the local density
approximation to estimate the Levinger's factor for heavy nuclei, obtaining
results which are consistent with the available experimental data from
photoreactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95461 </DOCNO>
More noncommutative 4-spheres


  New examples of noncommutative 4-spheres are introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124073 </DOCNO>
Optical photometry of V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object)


  The optical photometric evolution of the final helium flash object V4334 Sgr
from 1994 to 2000 is described. The rise to optical maximum (1994 - 1996) is
characterized by a continuous increase of color indices, indicating a slowly
expanding, cooling pseudo-photosphere. This photosphere became stationary in
1997. In the following years, the object underwent brightness declines of
increasing strength, which are similar in character to the ``red declines'' of
R CrB stars. The fading of V4334 Sgr is more dramatic than any brightness
decline of an R CrB star: at present, only 1/100000 of the visual light reaches
the observer. Most radiation is absorbed by the dust envelope and re-radiated
in the infrared. The sparse optical data of 2000 show that the obscuration has
not increased in strength any more. The light curve of V4334 Sgr is similar to
that of the final helium flash object V605 Aql which erupted in 1919.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41286 </DOCNO>
Cornering (3+1) sterile neutrino schemes


  Using the most recent atmospheric neutrino data, as well as short-baseline,
long-baseline and tritium $\beta$-decay data we show that the joint
interpretation of the LSND, solar and atmospheric neutrino anomalies in (3+1)
sterile neutrino schemes is severely disfavored, in contrast to the
theoretically favored (2+2) schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149709 </DOCNO>
Division Algebras and Extended N=2,4,8 SuperKdVs


  The first example of an N=8 supersymmetric extension of the KdV equation is
here explicitly constructed. It involves 8 bosonic and 8 fermionic fields. It
corresponds to the unique N=8 solution based on a generalized hamiltonian
dynamics with (generalized) Poisson brackets given by the Non-associative N=8
Superconformal Algebra. The complete list of inequivalent classes of
parametric-dependent N=3 and N=4 superKdVs obtained from the ``Non-associative
N=8 SCA" is also furnished. Furthermore, a fundamental domain characterizing
the class of inequivalent N=4 superKdVs based on the "minimal N=4 SCA" is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73080 </DOCNO>
New Physics Working Group Summary of LCWS2000 at FNAL


  Here I summarize P5-WG (New/Alternative Physics Working Group) of
LCWS2000@FNAL, held on Oct 24-28, 2000. There were 13 talks altogether, 7 talks
on collider signals from new particles/interactions and 6 talks on extra
dimensional physics. We had very active and hot discussions among participants
for those new/alternative physics/ideas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124740 </DOCNO>
The X-ray afterglow of GRB000926 observed by BeppoSAX and Chandra: a


  We present X-ray observations of the afterglow of GRB000926 performed around
and after the break observed in the optical light curve two days after the
burst. The steep X-ray light curve observed around the break confirms the
presence of this feature in X-rays. However, the spectral and temporal
properties are not consistent with a standard jet scenario based on synchrotron
emission, requiring a more complicated model. We find that X-ray and optical
data are compatible with a moderately collimated fireball (with opening angle
$\theta\approx25 \deg$) expanding in a dense medium ($n\approx 4\times 10^4$
cm$^{-3}$). This produces two breaks in the light curve. The first, at
$t\approx$ 2 days, is due to jet behavior. The second, around 5 days, is
attributed to the transition of the fireball to a non-relativistic expansion.
This transition predicts a{\it flattening} of the light curve, that explains
the late X-ray measurement in excess above the extrapolation of the simple jet
scenario, and is also consistent with optical data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84008 </DOCNO>
Distributed Control System for the Test Interferometer of the ALMA


  The control system (TICS) for the test interferometer being built to support
the development of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA)will itself be a
prototype for the final ALMA array, providing a test for the distributed
control system under development. TICS will be based on the ALMA Common
Software (ACS) (developed at the European Southern Observatory), which provides
CORBA-based services and a device management framework for the control
software.
  Simple device controllers will run on single board computers, one of which
(known as an LCU) is located at each antenna; whereas complex, compound device
controllers may run on centrally located computers. In either circumstance,
client programs may obtain direct CORBA references to the devices and their
properties. Monitor and control requests are sent to devices or properties,
which then process and forward the commands to the appropriate hardware devices
as required. Timing requirements are met by tagging commands with (future)
timestamps synchronized to a timing pulse, which is regulated by a central
reference generator, and is distributed to all hardware devices in the array.
Monitoring is provided through a publish/subscribe CORBA-based service.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83710 </DOCNO>
Simple and Effective Distributed Computing with a Scheduling Service


  High-throughput computing projects require the solution of large numbers of
problems. In many cases, these problems can be solved on desktop PCs, or can be
broken down into independent "PC-solvable" sub-problems. In such cases, the
projects are high-performance computing projects, but only because of the sheer
number of the needed calculations. We briefly describe our efforts to increase
the throughput of one such project. We then explain how to easily set up a
distributed computing facility composed of standard networked PCs running
Windows 95, 98, 2000, or NT. The facility requires no special software or
hardware, involves little or no re-coding of application software, and operates
almost invisibly to the owners of the PCs. Depending on the number and quality
of PCs recruited, performance can rival that of supercomputers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7458 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetism in CaCu$_{3}$Ti$_{4}$O$_{12}$ studied by magnetic


  For CaCu$_{3}$Ti$_{4}$O$_{12}$ -- an insulator that exhibits a giant
dielectric response above 100 K -- Cu$^{2+}$ antiferromagnetic spin ordering
has been investigated by magnetic Raman scattering and magnetization
measurements. Below the N\'eel temperature, T$_{N} = 25$ K, magnetic
excitations have been identified. Above T$_{N}$ Raman spectra reveal
short-range antiferromagnetic fluctuations that increase with cooling like
T$^{-1}$. No deviations from Curie-Weiss law have been observed above T$_{N}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73385 </DOCNO>
Can extra dimensions accessible to the SM explain the recent measurement


  We investigate whether models with flat extra dimensions in which SM fields
propagate can give a significant contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment
of the muon (MMM). In models with only SM gauge and Higgs fields in the bulk,
the contribution to the MMM from Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations of gauge bosons
is very small. This is due to the constraint on the size of the extra
dimensions from tree-level effects of KK excitations of gauge bosons on
precision electroweak observables such as Fermi constant. If the quarks and
leptons are also allowed to propagate in the (same) bulk (``universal'' extra
dimensions), then there are no contributions to precision electroweak
observables at tree-level. However, in this case, the constraint from one-loop
contribution of KK excitations of (mainly) the top quark to T parameter again
implies that the contribution to the MMM is small. We show that in models with
leptons, electroweak gauge and Higgs fields propagating in the (same) bulk, but
with quarks and gluon propagating in a sub-space of this bulk, both the above
constraints can be relaxed. However, with only one Higgs doublet, the
constraint from the process b -> s gamma requires the contribution to the MMM
to be smaller than the SM electroweak correction. This constraint can be
relaxed in models with more than one Higgs doublet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125203 </DOCNO>
Eccentric extrasolar planets from resonant Saturn mass companions


  Withdrawn in current form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95565 </DOCNO>
Heegaard splittings of exteriors of, two bridge knots


  In this paper, we show that, for each non-trivial two bridge knot K and for
each g > 2, every genus g Heegaard splitting of the exterior E(K) of K is
reducible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4418 </DOCNO>
Quantum Orders and Symmetric Spin Liquids


  A concept -- quantum order -- is introduced to describe a new kind of orders
that generally appear in quantum states at zero temperature. Quantum orders
that characterize universality classes of quantum states (described by {\em
complex} ground state wave-functions) is much richer then classical orders that
characterize universality classes of finite temperature classical states
(described by {\em positive} probability distribution functions). The Landau's
theory for orders and phase transitions does not apply to quantum orders since
they cannot be described by broken symmetries and the associated order
parameters. We find projective representations of symmetry groups (which will
be called projective symmetry groups) can be used to characterize quantum
orders. With the help of quantum orders and the projective symmetry groups, we
construct hundreds of symmetric spin liquids, which have SU(2), U(1) or $Z_2$
gauge structures at low energies. Remarkably, some of the stable quantum phases
support gapless excitations even without any spontaneous symmetry breaking. We
propose that it is the quantum orders (instead of symmetries) that protect the
gapless excitations and make algebraic spin liquids and Fermi spin liquids
stable. Since high $T_c$ superconductors are likely to be described by a
gapless spin liquid, the quantum orders and their projective symmetry group
descriptions lay the foundation for spin liquid approach to high $T_c$
superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76014 </DOCNO>
Top quark associated production of topcolor pions at hadron colliders


  We investigate the associated production of a neutral physical pion with top
quarks in the context of topcolor assisted technicolor. We find that single-top
associated production does not yield viable rates at either the Tevatron or
LHC. tt-associated production at the Tevatron is suppressed relative to
Standard Model ttH, but at the LHC is strongly enhanced and would allow for
easy observation of the main decay channels to bottom quarks, and possible
observation of the decay to gluons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 462 </DOCNO>
Possible high $T_c$ superconductivity mediated by antiferromagnetic spin


  We propose that if there are two small pocket-like Fermi surfaces, and the
spin susceptibility is pronounced around a wave vector {\bf Q} that bridges the
two pockets, the spin-singlet superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations
may have a high transition temperature. Using the fluctuation exchange
approximation, this idea is confirmed for the Hubbard on a lattice with
alternating hopping integrals, for which $T_c$ is estimated to be almost an
order of magnitude larger than those for systems with a large connected Fermi
surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127727 </DOCNO>
Visual binaries among high-mass stars - An adaptive optics survey of OB


  We have searched for visual binaries with projected separations in the range
200-3000 AU (0.1"-1.5") among a sample of 96 stars in the massive young NGC
6611 cluster, 60 of them being subsequently identified as high probability
cluster members of mainly OB spectral type. This is the first visual binary
survey among such a large and homogeneous sample of high-mass stars. We find an
uncorrected binary frequency of 18+/-6% over the surveyed separation range.
Considering only binaries with mass ratios q>0.1, we find that OB stars in NGC
6611 host more companions than solar-type field stars. We derive mass ratios
for the detected binaries from their near-infrared flux ratios and conclude
that about half of the detected binaries have q<0.2, which does not contradict
the assumption that companion masses are randomly drawn from the initial mass
function. There is no evidence in our sample that wide-binary properties depend
upon the mass of the primary star. The high frequency of massive binaries in a
cluster as rich as NGC 6611 and the lack of a strong mass dependence of their
properties are difficult to reconcile with the scenario whereby massive stars
form as the result of mergers of smaller stars. The canonical protostellar
accretion scenario together with cloud fragmentation, on the other hand, can
naturally explain most of the observed binary properties, although the very
high stellar density in the protocluster is likely to require significant
modification to that picture as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2614 </DOCNO>
Nature of the quantum phase transitions in the two-dimensional hardcore


  We use two Quantum Monte Carlo algorithms to map out the phase diagram of the
two-dimensional hardcore boson Hubbard model with near ($V_1$) and next near
($V_2$) neighbor repulsion. At half filling we find three phases: Superfluid
(SF), checkerboard solid and striped solid depending on the relative values of
$V_1$, $V_2$ and the kinetic energy. Doping away from half filling, the
checkerboard solid undergoes phase separation: The superfluid and solid phases
co-exist but not as a single thermodynamic phase. As a function of doping, the
transition from the checkerboard solid is therefore first order. In contrast,
doping the striped solid away from half filling instead produces a striped
supersolid phase: Co-existence of density order with superfluidity as a single
phase. One surprising result is that the entire line of transitions between the
SF and checkerboard solid phases at half filling appears to exhibit dynamical
O(3) symmetry restoration. The transitions appear to be in the same
universality class as the special Heisenberg point even though this symmetry is
explicitly broken by the $V_2$ interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150029 </DOCNO>
Curved space resolution of singularity of fractional D3-branes on


  We construct a supergravity dual to the cascading $SU(N+M) x SU(N)$
supersymmetric gauge theory (related to fractional D3-branes on conifold
according to Klebanov et al) in the case when the 3-space is compactified on
$S^3$ and in the phase with unbroken chiral symmetry. The size of $S^3$ serves
as an infrared cutoff on the gauge theory dynamics. For a sufficiently large
$S^3$ the dual supergravity background is expected to be nonsingular. We
demonstrate that this is indeed the case: we find a smooth type IIB
supergravity solution using a perturbation theory that is valid when the radius
of $S^3$ is large. We consider also the case with the euclidean world-volume
being $S^4$ instead of $R x S^3$, where the supergravity solution is again
found to be regular. This ``curved space'' resolution of the singularity of the
fractional D3-branes on conifold solution is analogous to the one in the
non-extremal (finite temperature) case discussed in our previous work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76112 </DOCNO>
Scaling behavior of $(N_{ch})^{-1}dN_{ch}/d\eta$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =


  Recently interesting data on $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ in Au-Au collisions ($\eta=-\ln
\tan (\theta/2)$) with the centrality cuts have been reported by PHOBOS
Collaboration. Their data are usually divided by the number of participants
(nucleons) in collisions. Instead of this way, using the total multiplicity
$N_{ch} = \int (dN_{ch}/d\eta)d\eta$, we find that there is scaling phenomenon
among $(N_{ch})^{-1}dN_{ch}/d\eta = dn/d\eta$ with different centrality cuts at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$ GeV. To explain this scaling behavior of $dn/d\eta$, we
consider the stochastic approach called the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with two
sources. Moreover, comparisons of $dn/d\eta$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$ GeV with
that at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV have been made. A possible detection method
of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) thorough $dn/d\eta$ is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81232 </DOCNO>
The Chiral Critical Point in 3-Flavour QCD


  We determine the second order endpoint of the line of first order phase
transitions, which occur in the light quark mass regime of 3-flavour QCD at
finite temperature, and analyze universal properties of this chiral critical
point. A detailed analysis of Binder cumulants and the joint probability
distributions of energy like and ordering-field like observables confirms that
the chiral critical point belongs to the universality class of the 3d Ising
model. From a calculation with improved gauge and staggered fermion actions we
estimate that the transition is first order for pseudo-scalar meson masses less
than about 200 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128411 </DOCNO>
Vertical Distribution of Galactic Disc Stars and Gas Constrained by a


  We investigate the dynamical effects of a molecular cloud complex with a mass
of about 10**7 M_sun and a size of a few 100 pc on the vertical distribution of
stars and atomic hydrogen gas in a spiral galactic disc. Such massive complexes
have now been observed in a number of spiral galaxies. The extended mass
distribution in a complex, with an average mass density 6 times higher than the
Oort limit, is shown to dominate the local gravitational field. This results in
a significant redistribution of the surrounding disc components towards the
mid-plane, with a resulting decrease in their vertical scaleheights. A
surprising result is the large radial distance of about 500 pc from the complex
centre over which the complex influences the disc. The complex has a comparable
effect on the vertical distribution of HI in the galactic disc. This `pinching'
or constraining effect should be detectable in the nearby spiral galaxies. Thus
the gravitational field of a complex results in local corrugations of the
stellar and HI vertical scaleheights, and the galactic disc potential is highly
non-uniform on scales of the inter-complex separation of about 1 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73770 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in supersymmetric scenarios with an


  We analyze the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (a_{\mu}) in
supersymmetric scenarios. First we concentrate on scenarios with universal soft
terms. We find that a moderate increase of a_{\mu} can be obtained by lowering
the unification scale M_{GUT} to intermediate values 10^{10-12} GeV. However,
large values of \tan \beta are still favored. Then we study the case of
non-universal soft terms. For the usual value M_{GUT}~10^{16} GeV, we obtain
a_{\mu} in the favored experimental range even for moderate \tan \beta regions
\tan\beta ~ 5$. Finally, we give an explicit example of these scenarios. In
particular, we show that in a D-brane model, where the string scale is
naturally of order 10^{10-12} GeV and the soft terms are non universal, a_{\mu}
is enhanced with low \tan\beta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127116 </DOCNO>
A 12-day ASCA Observation of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Ton S180:


  We present an analysis of the X-ray variability properties of the NLS1 galaxy
Ton S180, based upon a 12-day continuous ASCA observation. We observe flux
variations of a factor of 3.5 in the 0.7-1.3 keV band and 3.9 in the 2-10 keV
band.Time-resolved spectroscopy (~1d sampling) reveals that the broad `soft
hump' component at energies <2 keV shows flux variations on timescales down to
1 day that are well correlated with the photon index and the 2-10 keV band
flux. A broad Fe K$\alpha$ emission is detected. There is a evidence for a
narrow Fe K$\alpha$ line at ~6.8 keV, indicating an origin in ionized material.
We do not detect significant variations of the line flux or EW on ~1 day-1 week
timescales. The softness ratio reveals spectral variability on timescales down
to ~1000 s, indicating that the power-law continuum and soft hump fluxes are
not well correlated on this timescale. It also shows a slow decline across the
observation, due to a combination of the different time-variability of the
power-law continuum and soft hump flux on timescales of ~1 week. The X-ray
emission originates within 12 Schwarzschild radii, and the amplitudes and
timescales of the rapid variations we observed are consistent with those
expected within disk-corona models. The soft hump variability timescale rules
out an origin in large scale components (circumnuclear starburst). The
$\Gamma$-soft hump correlation is consistent with the soft hump being produced
by up-scattering of the accretion disk radiation within a flaring disk corona.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75538 </DOCNO>
Transverse Expansion and High $p_T$ Azimuthal Asymmetry at RHIC


  Rapid 3+1D transverse plus Bjorken collective expansion in $A+A$ collisions
at ultra-relativistic energies is shown to reduce substantially the azimuthal
asymmetry resulting from jet quenching. While the azimuthal asymmetry in
non-central collisions, $v_2(p_T>2 \rm{GeV/c})\sim 0.15$ reported by STAR at
RHIC, can be accounted for by spatially anisotropic jet energy loss through a
1+1D expanding gluon plasma with $dN^g/dy\sim 1000$, we show that if rapid
transverse collective expansion of the plasma is assumed, then the asymmetry
due to jet quenching may be reduced below the observed level. Possible
implications of this effect are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124021 </DOCNO>
Protoplanetary Disks in the Nearest Star-Forming Cloud: Mid-Infrared


  The recent identification of several groups of young stars within 100 parsecs
of the Sun has generated widespread interest. Given their proximity and
possible age differences, these systems are ideally suited for detailed studies
of star and planet formation. Here we report on the first investigation of
protoplanetary disks in one such group, the high-latitude cloud MBM 12 at a
distance of $\sim$65 pc. We present mid-infrared observations of the eight
candidate pre-main-sequence (PMS) members and the two main-sequence (MS) stars
in the same line-of-sight which may or may not be associated with the group. We
have also derived H$\alpha$ and Li line widths from medium-resolution optical
spectra. We report the discovery of significant mid-infrared excess from six
PMS stars --LkH$\alpha$ 262, LkH$\alpha$ 263, LkH$\alpha$ 264, E02553+2018,
RXJ0258.3+1947 and S18 --presumably due to optically thick circumstellar disks.
Our flux measurements for the other two PMS stars and the two MS stars are
consistent with photospheric emission, allowing us to rule out dusty inner
disks. The disks we have found in MBM 12 represent the nearest known sample of
very young protoplanetary systems, and thus are prime targets for
high-resolution imaging at infrared and millimeter wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75940 </DOCNO>
A New Scaling for Single-Spin Asymmetry in Meson and Baryon


  Experimental data on analyzing power for inclusive meson and baryon
production in hadron-proton(polarized) collisions have been analyzed. It is
found that the existing data can be described by a simple function of collision
energy, transverse momentum (Pt) and a new scaling variable Xa = E/Ebeam. At
beam energies above 40 GeV and Pt above 1 GeV/c the analyzing power is
described by a function of Xa and Pt only (AN = F(Pt)G(Xa)) for both polarized
proton fragmentation and central regions of proton-hadron collision. Comparison
of data from Fermilab and new IHEP data measured using 40 GeV/c polarized
proton beam was most decisive for the revelation of the above regularities.
This new scaling law allows one to predict the analyzing powers for kinematic
regions, not yet explored in experiments and constrains models of strong
interactions. The new scaling law allows one also to use some reactions as
polarimeters for experiments with a polarized beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150087 </DOCNO>
Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Asymptotically de Sitter Spaces


  In this paper we discuss the question of whether the entropy of cosmological
horizon in some asymptotically de Sitter spaces can be described by the
Cardy-Verlinde formula, which is supposed to be an entropy formula of conformal
field theory in any dimension. For the Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution,
although the gravitational mass is always negative (in the sense of the
prescription in hep-th/0110108 to calculate the conserved charges of
asymptotically de Sitter spaces), we find that indeed the entropy of
cosmological horizon can be given by using naively the Cardy-Verlinde formula.
The entropy of pure de Sitter spaces can also be expressed by the
Cardy-Verlinde formula. For the topological de Sitter solutions, which have a
cosmological horizon and a naked singularity, the Cardy-Verlinde formula also
works well. Our result is in favour of the dS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123757 </DOCNO>
The Statistical and Physical Properties of the Low Redshift Lyman Alpha


  We examine the Ly-alpha absorber population at z<0.3 detected in spectra of
the QSOs PG0953+415 and H1821+643 taken with the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We compare their statistical
properties to those in carefully-constructed mock quasar spectra drawn from a
cosmological hydrodynamic simulation of a Lambda-CDM universe. We find very
good agreement in the column density and b-parameter distributions, down to the
smallest observable absorbers with N_HI\approx 10^{12.3} cm^-2. The observed
absorber population is complete for N_HI\ga 10^{13} cm^-2, with a column
density distribution slope of \beta=2.04\pm 0.23 and a median b-parameter of 21
km/s above this limit. The intergalactic gas giving rise to these weak
absorbers is analogous to that at high redshift, located in diffuse large-scale
structures that are highly photoionized by the metagalactic UV flux, though a
greater number arise within shock-heated warm gas. The density, temperature,
and column density of these absorbers follow similar relationships to those at
high redshift, though with substantially larger scatter due to the shock-heated
gas. The b-parameters typically have a significant contribution from thermal
broadening, which facilitates a measurement of the low-z IGM temperature as
traced by Ly-alpha absorbers. From our simulation we estimate T_IGM\sim 5000 K,
with an upper limit of 10^4 K, at the mean density. The agreement in predicted
and observed amplitude of the column density distributions allows us to measure
the HI photoionization rate at z=0.17 to be 10^{-13.3\pm 0.7} s^{-1} (estimated
modeling uncertainty), close to predictions based on quasar properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72605 </DOCNO>
A gap-less mode of the singlet Higgs field


  Recent lattice results suggest the existence of a gap-less mode of the
singlet Higgs field. We present a description of spontaneous symmetry breaking
in $\lambda\Phi^4$ theories showing why one is faced with long-wavelength,
collective modes of the scalar condensate with $\tilde{E}({\bf{p}}) \to 0$
energy in the ${\bf{p}} \to 0$ limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86079 </DOCNO>
The Big Bang in $T^3$ Gowdy Cosmological Models


  We establish a formal relationship between stationary axisymmetric spacetimes
and $T^3$ Gowdy cosmological models which allows us to derive several
preliminary results about the generation of exact cosmological solutions and
their possible behavior near the initial singularity. In particular, we argue
that it is possible to generate a Gowdy model from its values at the
singularity and that this could be used to construct cosmological solutions
with any desired spatial behavior at the Big Bang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113353 </DOCNO>
Hexagonal microlasers based on organic dyes in nanoporous crystals


  Molecular sieves, such as nanoporous AlPO_4-5, can host a wide variety of
laser active dyes. We embedded pyridine 2 molecules as a representative of a
commercially available dye which fits into the channel pores of the host
matrix. Many efficient dye molecules, such as rhodamines, do not fit into the
pores. But the amount of encapsulated dyes can be increased by modifying the
structure of the dyes such that they match the host templates. The resulting
microlasers have properties that depend on size and shape of the
microresonators, and we discuss a model for microscopic hexagonal ring
resonators. In terms of pump needed to reach lasing threshold molecular sieve
microlasers are comparable to VCSELs. For dyes which fit into the pores we
observed a partial regeneration of photo-induced damage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149785 </DOCNO>
UV/IR Mixing via Closed Strings and Tachyonic Instabilities


  We discuss UV/IR mixing effects in non-supersymmetric non-commutative U(N)
gauge theories. We show that the singular (non-planar) terms in the 2- and
3-point functions, namely the poles and the logarithms, can be obtained from a
manifestly gauge invariant effective action. The action, which involves open
Wilson line operators, can be derived from closed strings exchange between two
stacks of D-branes. Our concrete example is type 0B string theory and the field
theory that lives on a collection of N electric D3-branes. We show that one of
the closed string modes that couple to the field theory operator which is
responsible for the infrared poles, is the type 0 tachyon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73200 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Finite Radiative Electroweak Breaking from an Extra


  A five dimensional N=1 supersymmetric theory compactified on the orbifold
$S^1/\mathbb{Z}_2$ is constructed. Gauge fields and $SU(2)_L$ singlets
propagate in the bulk ($U$-states) while $SU(2)_L$ doublets are localized at an
orbifold fixed point brane ($T$-states). Zero bulk modes and localized states
constitute the MSSM and massive modes are arranged into N=2 supermultiplets.
Superpotential interactions on the brane are of the type $UTT$. Supersymmetry
is broken in the bulk by a Scherk-Schwarz mechanism using the $U(1)_R$ global
$R$-symmetry. A radiative finite electroweak breaking is triggered by the
top-quark/squark multiplet $\mathbb{T}$ propagating in the bulk. The
compactification radius $R$ is fixed by the minimization conditions and
constrained to be $1/R \simlt 10-15$ TeV. It is also constrained by precision
electroweak measurements to be $1/R \simgt 4$ TeV. The pattern of
supersymmetric mass spectrum is well defined. In particular, the lightest
supersymmetric particle is the sneutrino and the next to lightest
supersymmetric particle the charged slepton, with a squared-mass difference
$\sim M_Z^2$. The theory couplings, gauge and Yukawa, remain perturbative up to
scales $E$ given, at one-loop, by $ER \simlt 30-40$. Finally, LEP searches on
the MSSM Higgs sector imply an absolute lower bound on the SM-like Higgs mass,
around 145 GeV in the one-loop approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126556 </DOCNO>
Ellipticals and Bars: Central Masses and Friction


  I give a very brief review of aspects of internal dynamics that affect the
global shape of a galaxy, focusing on triaxiality, bars and warps. There is
general agreement that large central masses can destroy triaxial shapes, but
recent simulations of this process seem to suffer from numerical difficulties.
Central black holes alone are probably not massive enough to destroy global
triaxiality, but when augmented by star and gas concentrations in barred
galaxies, the global shape may be affected. Even though we do not understand
the origin of bars in galaxies, they are very useful as probes of the dark
matter density of the inner halo. Finally, I note that dynamical friction acts
to reduce a misalignment between the spin axes of the disk and halo, producing
a nice warp in the outer disk which has many of the properties of observed
galactic warps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6936 </DOCNO>
Exact analytic results for the Gutzwiller wave function with finite


  We present analytic results for ground-state properties of Hubbard-type
models in terms of the Gutzwiller variational wave function with non-zero
values of the magnetization m. In dimension D=1 approximation-free evaluations
are made possible by appropriate canonical transformations and an analysis of
Umklapp processes. We calculate the double occupation and the momentum
distribution, as well as its discontinuity at the Fermi surface, for arbitrary
values of the interaction parameter g, density n, and magnetization m. These
quantities determine the expectation value of the one-dimensional Hubbard
Hamiltonian for any symmetric, monotonically increasing dispersion epsilon_k.
In particular for nearest-neighbor hopping and densities away from half filling
the Gutzwiller wave function is found to predict ferromagnetic behavior for
sufficiently large interaction U.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174833 </DOCNO>
The detection of neutron clusters


  A new approach to the production and detection of bound neutron clusters is
presented. The technique is based on the breakup of beams of very neutron-rich
nuclei and the subsequent detection of the recoiling proton in a liquid
scintillator. The method has been tested in the breakup of 11Li, 14Be and 15B
beams by a C target. Some 6 events were observed that exhibit the
characteristics of a multineutron cluster liberated in the breakup of 14Be,
most probably in the channel 10Be+4n. The various backgrounds that may mimic
such a signal are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128038 </DOCNO>
GAIA: Understanding the Galaxy


  The GAIA Observatory, ESA's Cornerstone 6 mission, addresses the origin and
evolution of our Galaxy, and a host of other scientific challenges. GAIA will
provide unprecedented positional and radial velocity measurements with the
accuracies needed to produce a stereoscopic and kinematic census of about one
billion stars in our Galaxy and throughout the Local Group, about one per cent
of the Galactic stellar population. Combined with astrophysical information for
each star, provided by on-board multi-colour photometry, these data will have
the precision and depth necessary to address the three key questions which
underlie the GAIA science case:
  When did the stars in the Milky Way form?
  When and how was the Milky Way assembled?
  What is the distribution of dark matter in our Galaxy?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72348 </DOCNO>
Quantum Weakdynamics as an SU(3)_I Gauge Theory: Grand Unification of


  Quantum weakdynamics (QWD) as an SU(3)_I gauge theory with the Theta vacuum
term is considered to be the unification of the electroweak interaction as an
SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y gauge theory. The grand unification of SU(3)_I x SU(3)_C
beyond the standard model SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y is established by the
group SU(3)_I. The grand unified interactions break down to weak and strong
interactions at a new grand unification scale 10^{3} GeV, through dynamical
spontaneous symmetry breaking (DSSB); the weak and strong coupling constants
are the same, alpha_i = alpha_s ~ 0.12, at this scale. DSSB is realized by the
condensation of scalar fields, postulated to be spatially longitudinal
components of gauge bosons, instead of Higgs particles. Quark and lepton family
generation, the Weinberg angle sin^2 theta_W = 1/4, and the Cabbibo angle sin
theta_C = 1/4 are predicted. The electroweak coupling constants are alpha_z =
alpha_i/3, alpha_w = alpha_i/4, alpha_y = alpha_i/12, and alpha_e = alpha_i/16
= 1/137; there are symmetric isospin interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168962 </DOCNO>
Relativity and EPR Entanglement: Comments


  Recent experiment by Zhinden et al (Phys. Rev {\bf A} 63 02111, 2001)
purports to test compatibility between relativity and quantum mechanics in the
classic EPR setting. We argue that relativity has no role in the EPR argument
based solely on non-relativistic quantum formalism. It is suggested that this
interesting experiment may have significance to address fundamental questions
on quantum probability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74764 </DOCNO>
The magnetic moments of 'Lambda_b' and 'Lambda_c' baryons in light cone


  Using the most general form of the interpolating currents of heavy baryons,
the magnetic moments of heavy baryons 'Lambda_Q (Q=b,c)' are calculated in
framework of the light cone QCD sum rules. A comparison of our results on
magnetic moments with the existing theoretical results calculated in various
other frameworks are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1937 </DOCNO>
An exact stochastic mean-field approach to the fermionic many-body


  We investigate a reformulation of the dynamics of interacting fermion systems
in terms of a stochastic extension of Time Dependent Hartree-Fock equations.
The noise is found from a path-integral representation of the evolution
operator and allows to interpret the exact N-body state as a coherent average
over Slater determinants evolving under the random mean-fied. The full density
operator and the expectation value of any observable are then reconstructed
using pairs of stochastic uncorrelated wave functions. The imaginary time
propagation is also presented and gives a similar stochastic one-body scheme
which converges to the exact ground state without developing a sign problem. In
addition, the growth of statistical errors is examined to show that the
stochastic formulation never explode in a finite dimensional one-body space.
Finally, we consider initially correlated systems and present some numerical
implementations in exactly soluble models to analyse the precision and the
stability of the approach in practical cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148846 </DOCNO>
Comments on the U(2) Noncommutative Instanton


  We discuss the 't Hoof ansatz for instanton solutions in noncommutative U(2)
Yang-Mills theory. We show that the extension of the ansatz leading to singular
solutions in the commutative case, yields to non self-dual (or self-antidual)
configurations in noncommutative space-time. A proposal leading to selfdual
solutions with Q=1 topological charge (the equivalent of the regular BPST
ansatz) can be engineered, but in that case the gauge field and the curvature
are not Hermitian (although the resulting Lagrangian is real).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127750 </DOCNO>
SZ surveys with the Arcminute MicroKelvin Imager


  The Arcminute MicroKelvin Imager (AMI) is an instrument currently under
construction in Cambridge designed to produce a survey of galaxy clusters via
the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. It consists of two interferometric arrays, both
operating at 12-18 GHz; one of ten 3.7-m antennas to provide good temperature
sensitivity to arcminute-scale structures, and one of eight 13-m antennas (the
present Ryle Telescope) to provide flux sensitivity for removing contaminating
radio sources. The telescope is due to be observing by 2003, and will produce a
public survey of galaxy clusters, as well as being available to guest
observers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125795 </DOCNO>
New rest wavelength determinations for 7 mid-infrared fine structure


  Observations of the planetary nebulae NGC6302, NGC6543 and NGC7027 by the
Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) on board the Infrared Space Observatory
(ISO) have been used to determine rest wavelengths of spectral lines. We report
on improved accuracies for wavelengths of 7 mid-infrared ionic fine structure
lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179225 </DOCNO>
Incoherent Photoproduction of $\eta$-mesons from the Deuteron near


  Incoherent photoproduction of the $\eta$-meson on the deuteron is studied for
photon energies from threshold to 800 MeV. The dominant contribution, the
$\gamma$N-$\eta$N amplitude, is described within an isobar model. The final
state interaction derived from the CD-Bonn potential is included and found to
be important for the description of the production cross section close to
threshold. Possible effects from the $\eta N$ final state interaction are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75516 </DOCNO>
A simple way to generate high order vacuum graphs


  We describe an efficient practical procedure for enumerating and regrouping
vacuum Feynman graphs of a given order in perturbation theory. The method is
based on a combination of Schwinger-Dyson equations and the
two-particle-irreducible ("skeleton") expansion. The regrouping leads to
skeletons containing only free propagators, together with "ring diagrams"
containing all the self-energy insertions. As a consequence, relatively few
diagrams need to be drawn and integrations carried out at any single stage of
the computation and, in low dimensions, overlapping ultraviolet/infrared
subdivergences can be cleanly isolated. As an illustration we enumerate the
graphs contributing to the 4-loop free energy in QCD, explicitly in a continuum
and more compactly in a lattice regularization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127784 </DOCNO>
A Chandra HETG Observation of the Quasar H 1821+643 and Its Surrounding


  We present the high-resolution X-ray spectrum of the low-redshift quasar H
1821+643 and its surrounding hot cluster observed with the Chandra High Energy
Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS). An iron emission line attributed to
the quasar at ~6.43 keV (rest frame) is clearly resolved, with an equivalent
width of ~100 eV. Although we cannot rule out contributions to the line from a
putative torus, the diskline model provides an acceptable fit to this iron
line. We also detect a weak emission feature at ~6.9 keV (rest frame). We
suggest that both lines could originate in an accretion disk comprised of a
highly ionized optically thin atmosphere sitting atop a mostly neutral disk. We
search for absorption features from a warm/hot component of the intergalactic
medium along the ~1.5Gpc/h line of sight to the quasar. No absorption features
are detected at or above the 3 sigma level while a total of six OVI intervening
absorption systems have been detected with HST and FUSE. Based on the lack of
OVII and OVIII absorption lines and by assuming collisionally ionization, we
constrain the gas temperature of a typical OVI absorber to 10^5 < T < 10^6 K,
which is consistent with the results from hydrodynamic simulations of the
intergalactic medium. The zeroth order image reveals the extended emission from
the surrounding cluster. We have been able to separate the moderate CCD X-ray
spectrum of the surrounding cluster from the central quasar and find that this
is a hot cluster with a temperature of ~10 keV and a metal abundance of ~0.3
Zo. We also independently obtain the redshift of the cluster, which is
consistent with the optical results. We estimate that the cluster makes
negligible contributions to the 6.9 keV iron K line flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168942 </DOCNO>
Qubit authentication


  Secure communication requires message authentication. In this paper we
address the problem of how to authenticate quantum information sent through a
quantum channel between two communicating parties with the minimum amount of
resources. Specifically, our objective is to determine whether one elementary
quantum message (a qubit) can be authenticated with a key of minimum length. We
show that, unlike the case of classical-message quantum authentication, this is
not possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97182 </DOCNO>
Free Products of Semisimple Tensor Categories


  Free products of semisimple tesnor categories are constructed with the help
of polygonal presentation. The semisimplicity criterion is obtained for the
Bisch-Jones' planar algebras as a byproduct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124384 </DOCNO>
Parsec-Scale Circular Polarization Observations of 40 Blazars


  We present circular polarization results from a 5 GHz survey of the
parsec-scale polarization properties of 40 AGN made with the VLBA. We find 11
circular polarization detections at the 3 sigma level or higher. This nearly
quadruples the number of sources detected in circular polarization at VLBI
resolution. We find no correlation between fractional linear and circular
polarization across our sample. A likely explanation is external Faraday
depolarization in the cores of AGN which reduces linear polarization but leaves
circular polarization unchanged. In comparing ours and other recent results to
observations made 20 years ago, we find that, in five of six cases, sources
have the same sign of circular polarization today as they did 20 years ago.
This suggests the presence of a long term property of the jets, such as the
polarity of a net magnetic flux, which is stable on time-scales much longer
than those of individual outbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123533 </DOCNO>
Soft X-ray properties of a spectroscopically selected sample of


  We present a catalogue of ROSAT detected sources in the sample of
spectroscopically selected Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies of Rafanelli et al.
(1995). The catalogue contains 102 Seyfert 1 and 36 Seyfert 2 galaxies. The
identification is based on X-ray contour maps overlaid on optical images taken
from the Digitized Sky Survey. We have derived the basic spectral and timing
properties of the X-ray detected Seyfert galaxies. For Seyfert 1 galaxies a
strong correlation between photon index and X-ray luminosity is detected. We
confirm the presence of generally steeper X-ray continua in narrow-line Seyfert
1 galaxies (NLS1s) compared to broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. Seyfert 2
galaxies show photon indices similar to those of NLS1s. Whereas a tendency for
an increasing X-ray luminosity with increasing interaction strength is found
for Seyfert 1 galaxies, such a correlation is not found for Seyfert 2 galaxies.
For Seyfert 1 galaxies we found also a strong correlation for increasing
far-infrared luminosity with increasing interaction strength. Both NLS1s and
Seyfert 2 galaxies show the highest values of far-infrared luminosity compared
to Seyfert 1 galaxies, suggesting that NLS1s and Seyfert 2 galaxies host strong
(cirumnuclear) starformation. For variable Seyfert galaxies we present the
X-ray light curves obtained from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey and from ROSAT PSPC
and HRI pointed observations. Besides the expected strong short- and long-term
X-ray variability in Seyfert 1 galaxies, we find indications for X-ray flux
variations in Seyfert 2 galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1349 </DOCNO>
Dilute Bose gas in two dimensions: Density expansions and the


  A dilute two-dimensional (2D) Bose gas at zero temperature is studied by the
method developed earlier by the authors. Low density expansions are derived for
the chemical potential, ground state energy, kinetic and interaction energies.
The expansion parameter is found to be a dimensionless in-medium scattering
amplitude u obeying the equation 1/u+\ln u=-\ln(na^2\pi)-2\gamma, where na^2
and \gamma are the gas parameter and the Euler constant, respectively. It is
shown that the ground state energy is mostly kinetic in the low density limit;
this result does not depend on a specific form of the pairwise interaction
potential, contrary to 3D case. A new form of 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation is
proposed within our scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148962 </DOCNO>
On Non-renormalization and OPE in Superconformal Field Theories


  The OPE of two N=2 R-symmetry current (short) multiplets is determined by the
possible superspace three-point functions that two such multiplets can form
with a third, a priori long multiplet. We show that the shortness conditions on
the former put strong restrictions on the quantum numbers of the latter. In
particular, no anomalous dimension is allowed unless the third supermultiplet
is an R-symmetry singlet. This phenomenon should explain many known
non-renormalization properties of correlation functions, including the one of
four stress-tensor multiplets in N=4 SYM_4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41375 </DOCNO>
Results from the short baseline experiments at CERN


  Considerations based on particle physics (in particular the so-called see-saw
mechanism) and on cosmology, in relation to the Dark Matter question, motivated
the search for numu nutau oscillation in the region of small mixing angles. We
present here the outcome of the short-baseline programme carried out at CERN by
the CHORUS and NOMAD experiments. Both experiments are about to publish their
final results. At values of squared mass difference greater than 1 eV2
oscillations between numu and nutau are excluded at 90% C.L. down to mixing
angles values of O(10^{-4}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179281 </DOCNO>
Mesons electromagnetic production study via a constituent quark approach


  Using a chiral constituent quark approach based on the broken SU(6) \otimes
O(3) symmetry, we focus on the spectroscopy of isospin-1/2 nucleonic
resonances. A model for the eta photoproduction, embodying all known nucleonic
resonances, shows clear need for a yet undiscovered S11 resonance, for which we
determine the mass (1.730 GeV) and the total width (180 MeV).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1150 </DOCNO>
Superconducting 2D system with lifted spin degeneracy: Mixed


  Motivated by recent experimental findings, we have developed a theory of the
superconducting state for 2D metals without inversion symmetry modeling the
geometry of a surface superconducting layer in a field-effect-transistor or
near the boundary doped by adsorbed ions. In such systems the two-fold spin
degeneracy is lifted by spin-orbit interaction, and singlet and triplet
pairings are mixed in the wave function of the Cooper pairs. As a result, spin
magnetic susceptibility becomes anisotropic and Knight shift retains finite and
rather high value at T=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85901 </DOCNO>
The Total Space-Time of a Point-Mass When the Cosmological Constant is


  Singularities associated with an incomplete space-time (S) are not
well-defined until a boundary is attached to it. Moreover, each boundary gives
rise to a different singularity structure for the resulting total space-time
(TST). Since S is compatible with a variety of boundaries, it therefore does
not represent a unique universe, but instead corresponds to a family of
universes, one for each possible boundary.
  It is shown that in the case of Weyl's space-time for a point-mass with
nonzero cosmological constant, the boundary which he attached is invalid, and
when the correct one is attached, the resulting TST is inextendible. This
implies that the Lake-Roeder black hole cannot be produced by gravitational
collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169522 </DOCNO>
Uniqueness of Entanglement Measure and Thermodynamics


  We apply the axiomatic approach to thermodynamics presented by Giles to
derive a unique measure of entanglement for bi-partite pure states. This
implies that local manipulations of entanglement in quantum information theory
and adiabatic transformations of states in thermodynamics have the same
underlying mathematical structure. We discuss possible extensions of our
results to mixed and multi-partite states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168174 </DOCNO>
Boundary of the Set of Separable States


  The set of all separable quantum states is compact and convex. We focus on
the two-qubit quanum system and study the boundary of the set. Then we give the
criterion to determine whether a separable state is on the boundary. Some
straightforward geometrical interpretations for entanglement are based on the
concept and presented subsequently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150057 </DOCNO>
Quantum Aspects of GMS Solutions of Noncommutative Field Theory and


  We investigate quantum aspects of Gopakumar-Minwalla-Strominger (GMS)
solutions of noncommutative field theory (NCFT) at large noncommutativity
limit, $\theta \to \infty$. Building upon a quantitative map between operator
formulation of 2-(respectively, (2+1))-dimensional NCFTs and large $N$ matrix
models of $c=0$ (respectively, $c=1$) noncritical strings, we show that GMS
solutions are quantum mechanically sensible only if we make appropriate joint
scaling of $\theta$ and $N$. For 't Hooft's planar scaling, GMS solutions are
replaced by large $N$ saddle-point solutions. GMS solutions are recovered from
saddle-point solutions at small 't Hooft coupling regime, but are destabilized
at large 'tHooft coupling regime by quantum effects. We make comparisons
between these large $N$ effects and recently studied infrared effects in NCFTs.
We estimate U(N) symmetry breaking gradient effects and argue that they are
suppressed only at small 't Hooft coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179274 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Dependence of Anomalous J/\psi Suppression in Pb-Pb


  The recently published data for $<p^2_t>$ for $J/\psi$ production in Pb-Pb
collisions at 158 A GeV are analyzed. For low values of transverse energy
$E_t$, where normal suppression dominates, $<p^2_t> (E_t)$ scales with the path
length of the gluons which fuse to make the $J/\psi$. In the $E_t$ domain of
anomalous suppression $<p^2_t> (E_t)$ is found to rise linearly with the
relative amount of anomalous suppression. This empirical law is reproduced
within an analytically solvable transport model which allows high $p_t$
$J/\psi$'s to escape anomalous suppression. Interpreted in this way, the data
for $<p^2_t> (E_t)$ lead to an estimate of $t_A \sim 4$ fm/$c$ for the duration
of anomalous suppression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83686 </DOCNO>
L.T.Kuzin: Research Program


  Lev T. Kuzin (1928--1997) is one of the founders of modern cybernetics and
information science in Russia. He was awarded and honored the USSR State Prize
for inspiring vision into the future of technical cybernetics and his invention
and innovation of key technologies.
  The last years he interested in the computational models of geometrical and
algebraic nature and their applications in various branches of computer science
and information technologies. In the recent years the interest in computation
models based on object notion has grown tremendously stimulating an interest to
Kuzin's ideas. This year of 50th Anniversary of Cybernetics and on the occasion
of his 70th birthday on September 12, 1998 seems especially appropriate for
discussing Kuzin's Research Program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125813 </DOCNO>
Circumnuclear obscuration of the Circinus galaxy by a


  We consider the radiation-hydrodynamical formation of a dusty wall in the
circumnuclear regions of the Circinus Seyfert 2 galaxy. We focus on the
radiative flux force due to the circumnuclear starburst, the nuclear starburst
and the active galactic nucleus (AGN), and analyze the equilibrium
configuration and stability of the dusty gas in the circumnuclear regions. The
mass distributions used to model the gravitational fields are determined by the
observed rotation velocities of the stars and of the gas. Moreover, by using
the simple stellar evolution in the circumnuclear starburst, the bolometric
luminosity of the starburst is estimated as a function of time. As a result, it
is shown that the radiation force by the circumnuclear starburst does play an
important role to build up a radiatively-supported dusty wall of $\la$ 100 pc,
which obscures the circumnuclear regions with $A_V$ of a few magnitudes. It is
also found that the age of a circumnuclear starburst when the circumnuclear
regions are enshrouded by the dusty wall is constrained to be $\la 10^8$ yr,
which is consistent with the age observationally inferred for the starburst, $4
10^7$ yr $-1.5 10^8$ yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87179 </DOCNO>
Coframe energy-momentum current. Algebraic properties


  The coframe (teleparallel) description of gravity is known as a viable
alternative to GR. One of advantages of this model is the existence of a
conserved energy-momentum current witch is covariant under all symmetries of
the three-parameter Lagrangian. In this paper we study the relation between the
covector valued current and the energy-momentum tensor. Algebraic properties of
the conserved current for different values of parameters are derived. It is
shown that the tensor corresponding to the coframe current is traceless and, in
contrast to the electromagnetic field, has in general a non vanishing
antisymmetric part. The symmetric part is also non zero for all values of the
parameters. Consequently, the conserved current involves the energy-momentum as
well as the rotational (spin) properties of the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83964 </DOCNO>
What is the minimal set of fragments that achieves maximal parse


  We aim at finding the minimal set of fragments which achieves maximal parse
accuracy in Data Oriented Parsing. Experiments with the Penn Wall Street
Journal treebank show that counts of almost arbitrary fragments within parse
trees are important, leading to improved parse accuracy over previous models
tested on this treebank (a precision of 90.8% and a recall of 90.6%). We
isolate some dependency relations which previous models neglect but which
contribute to higher parse accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 221 </DOCNO>
p-species integrable reaction-diffusion processes


  We consider a process in which there are p-species of particles, i.e.
A_1,A_2,...,A_p, on an infinite one-dimensional lattice. Each particle $A_i$
can diffuse to its right neighboring site with rate $D_i$, if this site is not
already occupied. Also they have the exchange interaction A_j+A_i ---> A_i+A_j
with rate $r_{ij}.$ We study the range of parameters (interactions) for which
the model is integrable. The wavefunctions of this multi--parameter family of
integrable models are found. We also extend the 2--species model to the case in
which the particles are able to diffuse to their right or left neighboring
sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1764 </DOCNO>
Evidence for softening of first-order transition in 3D by quenched


  We study by extensive Monte Carlo simulations the effect of random bond
dilution on the phase transition of the three-dimensional 4-state Potts model
which is known to exhibit a strong first-order transition in the pure case. The
phase diagram in the dilution-temperature plane is determined from the peaks of
the susceptibility for sufficiently large system sizes. In the strongly
disordered regime, numerical evidence for softening to a second-order
transition induced by randomness is given. Here a large-scale finite-size
scaling analysis, made difficult due to strong crossover effects presumably
caused by the percolation fixed point, is performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2096 </DOCNO>
Optical conductivity and penetration depth in MgB2


  The complex conductivity of a MgB2 film has been investigated in the
frequency range 4 cm^{-1}< nu < 30 cm^{-1} and for temperatures 2.7 K < T <300
K. The overall temperature dependence of both components of the complex
conductivity is reminiscent of BCS-type behavior, although a detailed analysis
reveals a number of discrepancies. No characteristic feature of the isotropic
BCS gap temperature evolution is observed in the conductivity spectra in the
superconducting state. A peak in the temperature dependence of the real part of
the conductivity is detected for frequencies below 9 cm^{-1}. The
superconducting penetration depth follows a T^2 behavior at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87150 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the discrepancy between a universe and its model


  We study a fundamental issue in cosmology: Whether we can rely on a
cosmological model to understand the real history of the Universe. This
fundamental, still unresolved issue is often called the ``model-fitting problem
(or averaging problem) in cosmology''. Here we analyze this issue with the help
of the spectral scheme prepared in the preceding studies.
  Choosing two specific spatial geometries that are very close to each other,
we investigate explicitly the time evolution of the spectral distance between
them; as two spatial geometries, we choose a flat 3-torus and a perturbed
geometry around it, mimicking the relation of a ``model universe'' and the
``real Universe''. Then we estimate the spectral distance between them and
investigate its time evolution explicitly. This analysis is done efficiently by
making use of the basic results of the standard linear structure-formation
theory.
  We observe that, as far as the linear perturbation of geometry is valid, the
spectral distance does not increase with time prominently,rather it shows the
tendency to decrease. This result is compatible with the general belief in the
reliability of describing the Universe by means of a model, and calls for more
detailed studies along the same line including the investigation of wider class
of spacetimes and the analysis beyond the linear regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179169 </DOCNO>
Three-nucleon portrait with pion


  We report on recent results obtained by the above collaboration on the
collision processes involving three nucleons, where we pay particular attention
on the dynamical role of the pion. After discussing the case at intermediate
energies, where real pions can be produced and detected, we have considered the
case at lower energies, where the pions being exchanged are virtual. The study
has revealed the presence of some new pion-exchange mechanisms, which leads to
a new three-nucleon force of tensor structure. Recently, the effect of this
tensor three-nucleon force to the spin observables for neutron-deuteron
scattering at low energy has been analyzed, and will be briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113820 </DOCNO>
Performance of a large limited streamer tube cell in drift mode


  The performance of a large (3x3 $cm^2$) streamer tube cell in drift mode is
shown. The detector space resolution has been studied using cosmic muons
crossing an high precision silicon telescope. The experimental results are
compared with a GARFIELD simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4086 </DOCNO>
Formation of a stable deacagonal quasicrystalline Al-Pd-Mn surface layer


  We report the in situ formation of an ordered equilibrium decagonal Al-Pd-Mn
quasicrystal overlayer on the 5-fold symmetric surface of an icosahedral
Al-Pd-Mn monograin. The decagonal structure of the epilayer is evidenced by
x-ray photoelectron diffraction, low-energy electron diffraction and electron
backscatter diffraction. This overlayer is also characterized by a reduced
density of states near the Fermi edge as expected for quasicrystals. This is
the first time that a millimeter-size surface of the stable decagonal Al-Pd-Mn
is obtained, studied and compared to its icosahedral counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169339 </DOCNO>
A Practical Trojan Horse for Bell-inequality-based Quantum Cryptography


  Quantum Cryptography, or more accurately, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is
based on using an unconditionally secure ``quantum channel'' to share a secret
key among two users. A manufacturer of QKD devices could, intentionally or not,
use a (semi-)classical channel instead of the quantum channel, which would
remove the supposedly unconditional security. One example is the BB84 protocol,
where the quantum channel can be implemented in polarization of single photons.
Here, use of several photons instead of one to encode each bit of the key
provides a similar but insecure system. For protocols based on violation of a
Bell inequality (e.g., the Ekert protocol), such a modification is generally
thought to be impossible. However, a counterexample will be given here using an
identical physical setup as is used in photon-polarization Ekert QKD. Since the
physical implementation is identical, a manufacturer may include this
modification as a Trojan Horse in manufactured systems, to be activated at will
by an eavesdropper. Thus, the old truth of cryptography still holds: you have
to trust the manufacturer of your cryptographic device. Even when you do
violate the Bell inequality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97907 </DOCNO>
Pauli operator and Aharonov Casher theorem for measure valued magnetic


  We define the two dimensional Pauli operator and identify its core for
magnetic fields that are regular Borel measures. The magnetic field is
generated by a scalar potential hence we bypass the usual $\bA\in L^2_{loc}$
condition on the vector potential which does not allow to consider such
singular fields. We extend the Aharonov-Casher theorem for magnetic fields that
are measures with finite total variation and we present a counterexample in
case of infinite total variation. One of the key technical tools is a weighted
$L^2$ estimate on a singular integral operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73455 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of $b \to s \gamma$ Transitions


  In this talk some of the theoretical aspects of $b \to s \gamma$ transitions
are discussed. The focus is on inclusive decays, since these can be computed
more reliably. Topics covered are (1) perturbative QCD corrections, (2)
non-perturbative contributions and (3) effects of ``new physics'' in these
decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5413 </DOCNO>
A simple approximation for fluids with narrow attractive potentials


  We study a simple modification of the optimized random phase approximation
(ORPA) aimed at improving the performance of the theory for interactions with a
narrow attractive well by taking into account contributions to the direct
correlation function non-linear in the interaction. The theory is applied to a
hard-core Yukawa and a square-well potential. Results for the equation of
state, the correlations, and the critical point have been obtained for
attractions of several ranges, and compared with Monte Carlo simulations. When
the attractive interaction is narrow, the modified ORPA significantly improves
over the plain one, especially with regard to the consistency between different
routes to the thermodynamics, the two-body correlation function, and the
critical temperature. However, while the spinodal curve of the modified theory
is accessible, the liquid-vapor coexistence curve is not. A possible strategy
to overcome this drawback is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74773 </DOCNO>
Comparison of the fits to data on polarised structure functions and spin


  In order to obtain polarised parton densities we have made next to leading
order QCD fit using experimental data on deep inelastic structure functions on
nucleons. This fit is compared with the updated fit to coresponding spin
asymmetries. We get very similar results for all fits also for different data
samples. It seems that only polarised parton densities for non-strange quarks
$\Delta u$ and $\Delta d$ are relatively well determined from the present deep
inelastic experiments. Inegrated gluon contribution at $Q^{2}=1 {\rm GeV^{2}}$
is, as in our previous fits, very small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149029 </DOCNO>
The Maldacena Conjecture and Rehren Duality


  We analyse the implications of the fact that there are two claims for a dual
to \N=4 superconformal SU(N) Yang-Mills theory (SCYM), the Maldacena conjecture
and the theorem of Rehren. While the Maldacena dual is conjectured to be a
non-perturbative string theory for large string coupling $g_s$ and small $N$,
the Rehren dual is an ordinary quantum field theory on $AdS_5$ for all values
of the parameters. We argue that as a result, if we accept the Maldacena
conjecture, one of the following statements must be true: 1) SCYM does not
satisfy the axioms of algebraic quantum field theory for finite $N$ because its
observables do not obey the causal structure of conformal Minkowski space;. 2)
String theory on $AdS_5 \times S^5$ is not a quantum theory of gravity in 10
dimensions because it is dual to an ordinary quantum field theory on $AdS_5$
whose causal structure remains fixed for all values of its couplings; or 3)
there is no consistent quantisation of string theory on $AdS_5 \times S^5$ for
finite string scale $l_s$ and $g_s$.
  In evaluating the evidence for each of these conclusions we point out that
many of the tests of the Maldacena conjecture can be explained by a weaker form
of an $AdS/CFT$ correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96538 </DOCNO>
Estimates and Existence Results for some Fully Nonlinear Elliptic


  We prove estimates and existence results for some fully nonlinear elliptic
equations on Riemannian manifolds. These equations are not arbitrary, but arise
naturally in the study of conformal geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98750 </DOCNO>
Shot noise distributions and selfdecomposability


  Stationary (limiting) distributions of shot noise processes, with exponential
response functions, form a large subclass of positive selfdecomposable
distributions that we illustrate by many examples. These shot noise
distributions are described among selfdecomposable ones via the regular
variation at zero of their distribution functions. However, slow variation at
the origin of (an absolutely continuous) distribution function is incompatible
with selfdecomposability and this is shown in three examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2518 </DOCNO>
High current-carrying capability in c-axis-oriented superconducting MgB2


  In high-quality c-axis-oriented MgB2 thin films, we observed high critical
current densities (Jc) of 16 MA/cm^2 at 15 K under self fields comparable to
those of cuprate high-temperature superconductors. The extrapolated value of Jc
at 5 K was estimated to be 40 MA/cm^2. For a magnetic field of 5 T, a Jc of 0.1
MA/cm^2 was detected at 15 K, suggesting that this compound would be a very
promising candidate for practical applications at high temperature and lower
power consumption. The vortex-glass phase is considered to be a possible
explanation for the observed high current-carrying capability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126743 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter is Baryons


  A comet-like, but magnitudes smaller, extremely low albedo interstellar
meteoroid population of fragile aggregates with solar type composition,
measured in space and terrestrially, is most probably the universal dark
matter. Although non-baryonic particles cannot be excluded, only "Big Bang"
cosmology predicts an appreciable fraction of such alternate forms. As more
counter-physics hypotheses are added to fit observation to the expanding
universe assumption, a classical physics alternative proffers dark matter
interactive red shifts normally correlated with distance. The cosmic microwave
background results from size-independent thermal plateau radiation that
emanates from dark matter gravitationally drawn into the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86403 </DOCNO>
Deflection of light by the screw dislocation in space-time


  We derive the light deflection caused by the screw dislocation in space-time.
The derivation is based on the idea that space-time is a medium which can be
deformed by gravity and that the deformation of space-time is equivalent to the
existence of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74966 </DOCNO>
On the NLO Power Correction to Photon-Pion Transition Form Factor


  We propose a perturbative evaluation for the next-to-leading-order (NLO)
$O(1/Q^4)$ power correction to the photon-pion transition form factor. The
effects of the NLO power correction are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95443 </DOCNO>
Projectively Invariant Cocycles of Holomorphic Vector Fields on an Open


  Let $\Sigma$ be an open Riemann surface and $Hol (\Sigma)$ be the Lie algebra
of holomorphic vector fields on $\Sigma.$ We fix a projective structure (i.e. a
local $SL_2(C)-$structure) on $\Sigma.$ We calculate the first group of
cohomology of $Hol(\Sigma)$ with coefficients in the space of linear
holomorphic operators acting on tensor densities, vanishing on the Lie algebra
$SL_2 (C).$ The result is independant on the choice of the projective
structure. We give explicit formulae of 1-cocycles generating this cohomology
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96349 </DOCNO>
Principally specialized characters of sl(m|1)^-modules


  In this paper, we calculate a series of principally specialized characters of
the $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}(m|1)$-modules of level 1. In particular, we show that
the principally specialized characters of the basic modules $L(\Lambda_0)$ is
expressed as an infinite product. And we deduce the specialized character
formula of ``quasiparticle'' type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40849 </DOCNO>
Has the E791 experiment measured the pion wave function profile ?


  The cross section of hard diffractive dissociation of the pion into two jets
is calculated. It is obtained that the distribution of longitudinal momenta for
jets is not simply proportional to the profile of the pion wave function, but
depends on it in a complicated way.
  In particular, it is shown that, under the conditions of the E791 experiment,
the momentum distribution of jets is similar in its shape for the asymptotic
and CZ wave functions, and even the ratio of the differential cross sections is
not far from unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96314 </DOCNO>
Semigroups in finite von Neumann algebras


  Let $M$ be a finite von Neumann algebra. In the first part, we give
asymptotic results about $M$-stable sequences of weak*-continuous mappings
which are related with operators belonging to $M$. In the second part, we
extend, by a shorter way, similarity results given in [CaFa2] to unbounded
semigroups of operators contained in a finite von Neumann algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113352 </DOCNO>
Observation of emission from chaotic lasing modes in deformed


  By combining detailed imaging measurements at different tilt angles with
simulations of ray emission from prolate deformed lasing micro-droplets, we
conclude that the probability density for the lasing modes in a
three-dimensional dielectric microcavity must reside in the chaotic region of
the ray phase space. In particular, maximum emission from such chaotic lasing
modes is not from tangent rays emerging from the highest curvature part of the
rim. The laser emission is observed and calculated to be non-tangent and
displaced from the highest curvature due to the presence of stable orbits. In
this Letter we present the first experimental evidence for this phenomenon of
``dynamical eclipsing''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125389 </DOCNO>
Metal-rich and metal-poor globular clusters in ellipticals: Did we learn


  A brief review on globular cluster sub-populations in galaxies, and their
constraints on galaxy formation and evolution is given. The metal-poor and
metal-rich sub-populations are put in a historical context, and their
properties, as known to date, are summarized. We review why the study of these
sub-populations is extremely useful for the study of galaxy formation and
evolution, but highlight a few caveats with the current interpretations. We
re-visit the current globular cluster system formation scenarios and show how
they boil down to a single scenario for the metal-poor clusters (namely the
formation in ``universal'', small fragments at high $z$) and that a
hierarchical formation seems favored for the metal-rich clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2125 </DOCNO>
Weak localization in macroscopically inhomogeneous two-dimensional


  A weak-localization effect has been studied in macroscopically inhomogeneous
2D system. It is shown, that although the real phase breaking length tends to
infinity when the temperature tends to zero, such a system can reveal a
saturated behavior of the temperature dependence of that parameter, which is
obtained from the standard analysis of the negative magnetoresistance and
usually identified by experimentalists with the phase braking length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7170 </DOCNO>
Morphological Model for Colloidal Suspensions


  The phase behavior of colloidal particles embedded in a binary fluid is
influenced by wetting layers surrounding each particle. The free energy of the
fluid film depends on its morphology, i.e., on size, shape and connectivity.
Under rather natural assumptions a general expression for the Hamiltonian can
be given extending the model of hard spheres to partially penetrable shapes
including energy contributions related to the volume, surface area, mean
curvature, and Euler characteristic of the wetting layer. The complex spatial
structure leads to multi-particle interactions of the colloidal particles.
  The dependence of the morphology of the wetting layer on temperature and
density can be studied using Monte-Carlo simulations and perturbation theory. A
fluid-fluid phase separation induced by the wetting layer is observed which is
suppressed when only two-particle interactions are taken into account instead
of the inherent many-particle interaction of the wetting layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97306 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Geometry in Discrete Quantum Integrable Model and Baxter's T-Q


  We study the diagonalization problem of certain discrete quantum integrable
models by the method of Baxter's $T$-$Q$ relation from the algebraic geometry
aspect. Among those the Hofstadter type model (with the rational magnetic
flux), discrete quantum pendulum and discrete sine-Gordon model are our main
concern in this report. By the quantum inverse scattering method, the Baxter's
$T$-$Q$ relation is formulated on the associated spectral curve, a high genus
Riemann surface in general, arisen from the study of spectrum problem of the
system. In the case of degenerated spectral curve where the spectral variables
lie on rational curves, we obtain the complete and explicit solution of the
$T$-$Q$ polynomial equation associated to the model, and the intimate relation
between the Baxter's $T$-$Q$ relation and algebraic Bethe Ansatz is clearly
revealed. The algebraic geometry of a general spectral curve attached to the
model and certain qualitative properties of solutions of the Baxter's $T$-$Q$
relation are discussed incorporating the physical consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124622 </DOCNO>
Star Formation Thresholds in Galactic Disks


  We report the first results of a detailed study of the star formation law in
a sample of 32 nearby spiral galaxies with well-measured rotation curves, HI
and H$_2$ (as traced by CO) surface density profiles, and new \Ha CCD
photometry. Our results strongly support the view that the formation of
gravitationally bound interstellar clouds regulates the onset of widespread
star formation -- at least in the outer regions of galactic disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74678 </DOCNO>
Black Holes: Scatterers, Absorbers and Emitters of Particles


  Accurate and powerful analytic and computational methods developped by the
author allow to obtain the highly non trivial total absorption spectrum of the
Black Hole, as well as phase shifts and cross sections (elastic and inelastic),
the angular distribution of absorbed and scattered waves, and the Hawking
emission rates. The exact total absorption spectrum of waves by the Black Hole
presents as a function of frequency a remarkable oscillatory behaviour
characteristic of a diffraction pattern. It oscillates around its optical
geometric limit (27/4) pi (r_s)^2 with decreasing amplitude and almost constant
period. This is an unique distinctive feature of the black hole absorption, and
due to its r=0 singularity. Ordinary absorptive bodies and optical models do
not present these features. The Hamiltonian describing the wave-black hole
interaction is non hermitian (despite being real) due to its singularity at the
origin (r=0). The unitarity optical theorem of scattering theory is generalized
to the black hole case explicitely showing that absorption takes place only at
the origin (r = 0). All these results allow to understand and reproduce the
Black Hole absorption spectrum in terms of Fresnel-Kirchoff diffraction theory.
These fundamental features will be present for generic higher dimensional Black
Hole backgrounds, and whatever the low energy effective theory they arise from.
In recent and increasing litterature on absorption cross sections (`grey body
factors') of black holes (whatever ordinary, stringy, D-braned), the
fundamental remarkable features of the Black Hole Absorption spectrum are
overlooked.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72407 </DOCNO>
Do Instantons and Strings Cluster when the Number of Colors is Large?


  We consider the $N_c\to\infty$ limit of QCD using a toy model in which
instantons exchange color-singlet scalar fields which do not self-interact. Our
main observation is that collective attraction leads the formation of large
clusters containing $O(N_c)$ nonperturbative objects. We further show that this
clustering of instantons is limited due to a non-trivial repulsion inherent in
the ADHM multi-instanton solution. As a result the vacuum is very different
from that at low $N_c$, notably being more inhomogeneous, in ways which will
affect chiral symmetry breaking of light quarks. We also briefly discuss a
similar phenomenon for color strings in baryons made of medium-mass
(charm-like) quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96994 </DOCNO>
Linear independence of Gamma values in positive characteristic


  We investigate the arithmetic nature of special values of Thakur's function
field Gamma function at rational points. Our main result is that all linear
independence relations over the field of algebraic functions are consequences
of the known relations of Anderson and Thakur arising from the functional
equations of the Gamma function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128939 </DOCNO>
Electric Field Screening by Pairs in the Presence of Returning Positrons


  We solve the one-dimensional Poisson equation along a magnetic field line,
both analytically and numerically, for a given current density incorporating
effects of returning positrons. We find that the number of returning positrons
per one primary electrons should be smaller than unity, and the returning of
positrons occurs only in a very short braking distance scale. As a result, for
realistic polar cap parameters, the accelerating electric field will not be
screened out; thus, the model fails to be self-consistent. A previous belief
that pair creation with a pair density higher than the Goldreich-Julian density
immediately screens out the electric field is unjustified. We suggest some
possibilities to resolve this difficulty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4283 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic-spin glass transition in four-dimensional random-bond


  The four-dimensional +-J random-bond Ising model is studied using
ground-state calculations. System sizes up to N=6^4 spins are considered. Here
it is found that the ferromagnetic-spin glass transition occurs at a critical
concentration p_c=0.28(1) of the antiferromagnetic bonds, which is comparable
to values found previously by high-temperature series expansions. The
transition is characterized by a correlation-length exponent \nu=1.0(1) and an
order-parameter exponent \beta=0.4(1). Thus, this transition is in a different
universality class from four-dimensional bond percolation, where \nu=0.678(50)
and \beta=0.639(20).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123456 </DOCNO>
Neutrino spectra from stellar electron capture


  Using the recent shell model evaluation of stellar weak interaction rates we
have calculated the neutrino spectra arising from electron capture on pf-shell
nuclei under presupernova conditions. We present a simple parametrization of
the spectra which allows for an easy implementation into collapse simulations.
We discuss that the explicit consideration of thermal ensembles in the parent
nucleus broadens the neutrino spectra and results in larger average neutrino
energies. The capture rates and neutrino spectra can be easily modified to
account for phase space blocking by neutrinos which becomes increasingly
important during the final stellar collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7256 </DOCNO>
Temperature- and Force-Induced beta-Sheet Unfolding in an Exactly


  The stability of a $\beta$-sheeted conformation and its transition into a
random coil are studied with a 2D lattice biopolymer model. At low temperature
and low external force, the polymer folds back and forth on itself and forms a
$\beta$-sheet. Our analytical calculation and Monte Carlo simulation reveal
that a co-operative $\beta$-sheet--random coil transition takes places when the
temperature or force is increased, with a dramatic decrease in the contact
number. These predictions are in good agreement with experiments on titin
protein. This transition is not a real phase-transition, indicating that
backbone hydrogen-bonding alone is unable to stabilize a distinct $\beta$-sheet
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148920 </DOCNO>
Vortex condensation and black hole in the matrix model of 2-d string


  We review recent results in the matrix model approach to the 2-d non-critical
string theory compactified in time, in the phase of condensation of the world
sheet vortices (above the Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition).
This phase is known to describe strings on the 2-d black hole background, due
to the conjecture of V.Fateev, A. and Al.Zamolodchikov. The corresponding
matrix model has an integrable Toda structure which allows to compute many
interesting physical quantities, such as string partition functions of various
genera and the 1- and 2-point correlators of vorticities of arbitrary charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97095 </DOCNO>
A Comparison between Star Products on Regular Orbits of Compact Lie


  In this paper an algebraic star product and differential one defined on a
regular coadjoint orbit of a compact semisimple group are compared. It is
proven that there is an injective algebra homomorphism between the algebra of
polynomials with the algebraic star product and the algebra of differential
functions with the differential star product structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73780 </DOCNO>
Electron-Nucleus Collisions at THERA


  The nuclear option at THERA provides an ideal and unique opportunity to
investigate the black body limit (BBL) of high energy Deep Inelastic Scattering
of highly virtual photons off heavy nuclear targets and thereby probe QCD in a
new regime. At high enough energies, whichever hadronic configuration the
photon fluctuates into, the interaction at a given impact parameter with the
heavy nuclear target will eventually reach its geometrical limit corresponding
to the scattering from a black disk. An attractive feature of the BBL regime
for a large nucleus is that the interaction is strong although the coupling
constant is small. Predictions for longitudinal and transverse distributions of
the leading hadrons in inclusive and diffractive channels and exclusive vector
meson production are found to be strikingly different in BBL and the leading
twist approximation. In particular, the multiplicity of leading hadrons in the
current fragmentation region is strongly suppressed, while the cross section of
diffractive vector meson production by longitudinally polarized photons is $
\propto 1/Q^2$. The x and $Q^2$ ranges where BBL maybe reached are calculated
for the interaction of color triplet and color octet dipoles at central impact
parameters. We conclude that for heavy nuclei THERA would reach deep into BBL
for a wide range of $Q^2$. The connection between hard diffraction and leading
twist nuclear shadowing is analysed. It is demonstrated that the current
leading twist analyses of the HERA diffractive data lead to similar and very
large leading twist shadowing for gluons. Several processes sensitive to the
amount of nuclear shadowing for gluons are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114492 </DOCNO>
The zero point field in low light level experiments


  The existence of the zero point electromagnetic field in the dark is a
trivial property of classical electromagnetism. Splitting the total, genuine
electromagnetic field into the sum of a conventional field and a zero point
field is physically meaningless. If a receiver attenuates the genuine field
down to a zero conventional field, it remains a zero point field having the
coherence and the phase of the conventional field, and vice-versa for the
amplification of the zero point field by a source.
  Nonlinear optical effects must be written using the genuine field, so that at
low light levels they become linear in relation to the conventional field. The
result of the interpretation of all observations, even at low light levels, is
exactly the same in quantum electrodynamics and in the semi-classical theory.
  The zero point field is stochastic only far from the sources and the
receivers; elsewhere, it is shaped by matter, it may be studied through fields
visible before an absorption or after an amplification.
  Two examples are given : the computation of fourth order interferences and
the use of the impulsive stimulated Raman scattering with ordinary incoherent
light in astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113463 </DOCNO>
Some closed form solutions to the Navier Stokes equations


  An algorithm for generating a class of closed form solutions to the
Navier-Stokes equations is suggested, with examples. Of particular interest are
those exact solutions that exhibit intermittency, tertiary Hopf bifurcations,
flow reversal, and hysteresis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126783 </DOCNO>
Clustering of SCUBA galaxies and implications for the Planck mission


  The clustering properties of SCUBA-selected galaxies are investigated within
the framework of a unifying scheme relating the formation of QSOs and
spheroids. The theoretical angular correlation function is derived for
different bias functions, corresponding to different values of the ratio
$M_{halo}/M_{sph}$ between the mass of the dark halos hosting such galaxies and
the mass in stars produced at the end of the major star-formation burst. SCUBA
sources are predicted to be strongly clustered, with a clustering strength
increasing with mass. Comparisons with the best available measurements show
better fits for $M_{halo}/M_{sph}\simeq 100$. The model can also account for
the clustering of Lyman-break galaxies, seen as the optical counterpart of low-
to intermediate-mass primeval spheroidal galaxies. Best agreement is once again
obtained for high values of the $M_{halo}/M_{sph}$ ratio. We also discuss
implications for small scale fluctuations observed at different wavelengths by
forthcoming experiments such as the Planck mission aimed at mapping the Cosmic
Microwave Background (CMB).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128424 </DOCNO>
Advanced Compton Telescope Designs and SN Science


  The Advanced Compton Telescope (ACT) has been suggested to be the optimal
next-generation instrument to study nuclear gamma-ray lines. In this work, we
investigate the potential of three hypothetical designs of the ACT to perform
SN science. We provide estimates of 1) the SN detection rate, 2) the SN Ia
discrimination rate, and 3) which gamma-ray lines would be detected from
specific supernova remnants. We find that the prompt emission from a SN Ia is
such that it is unlikely that one would be within the range that an
INTERMEDIATE ACT would be able to distinguish between explosion scenarios,
although such an instrument would detect a handful of SNRs.
  We further find that the SUPERIOR ACT design would be a truly breakthrough
instrument for SN science. By supplying these estimates, we intend to assist
the gamma-ray astrophysics community in deciding the course of the next decade
of gamma-ray SN science.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2957 </DOCNO>
Metabolically Efficient Codes in The Retina


  We tested the hypothesis that the neural code of retinal ganglion cells is
optimized to transmit visual information at minimal metabolic cost. Under a
broad ensemble of light patterns, ganglion cell spike trains consisted of
sparse, precise bursts of spikes. These bursts were viewed as independent
neural symbols. The noise in each burst was measured via repeated presentation
of the visual stimulus, and the energy cost was estimated from the total charge
flow in a biophysically realistic model of ganglion cell spiking. Given these
costs and noise, the theory of efficient codes predicts an optimal distribution
of symbol usage. Symbols that are either noisy or metabolically costly are
suppressed in this optimal code. We found excellent qualitative and
quantitative agreement with the measured distribution of burst sizes for
ganglion cells in the tiger salamander retina.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127091 </DOCNO>
Properties of a Chemically Enriched Lya Absorption System at z=0.167 and


  We present a detailed analysis of the chemical abundances, ionization state,
and origin of a partial Lyman limit system (N(HI) ~ 10^{16} cm^{-2}) at low
redshift (z=0.167 towards PKS0405-1219). We also present the first estimate of
the total baryons in extended gaseous envelopes around galaxies based on a
simple photoionization model for the Lya absorbers. We find that extended
gaseous envelopes can explain between 5--20% of the total baryons predicted by
the big bang nucleosynthesis model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5560 </DOCNO>
Stable Skyrmions in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates


  We show that stable Skyrmions exist in two-component atomic Bose-Einstein
condensates, in the regime of phase separation. Using full three-dimensional
simulations we find the stable Skyrmions with topological charges Q=1 and 2,
and compute their properties. With reference to these computations we suggest
the salient features of an experimental setup in which they might realized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124728 </DOCNO>
Dust-enshrouded Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars in the Solar Neighbourhood


  A study is made of a sample of 58 dust-enshrouded Asymptotic Giant Branch
(AGB) stars (including 2 possible post AGB stars), of which 27 are carbon-rich
and 31 are oxygen-rich. These objects were originally identified by Jura &
Kleinmann as nearby (within about 1 kpc of the sun) AGB stars with high
mass-loss rates, greater than 1E-6 solar masses per year. Ground-based
near-infrared photometry, data obtained by IRAS and kinematic data from the
literature are combined to investigate the properties of these stars. The light
amplitude in the near-infrared is found to be correlated with period, and this
amplitude decreases with increasing wavelength. Statistical tests show that
there is no reason to suspect any difference in the period distributions of the
carbon- and oxygen-rich stars for periods less than 1000 days, and no
carbon-rich star has a period longer than 1000 days. The colours are consistent
with those of cool stars with evolved circumstellar dust-shells. Luminosities
and distances are estimated using a period-luminosity relation. Mass-loss
rates, estimated from the 60 micron fluxes, show a correlation with pulsation
period and is tightly correlated with the K-[12] colour. The kinematics and
scale-height of the sample shows that the sources with periods less than 1000
days must have low mass main-sequence progenitors. It is argued that the three
oxygen-rich stars with periods over 1000 days probably had intermediate mass
main-sequence progenitors with remaining stars having an average progenitor
mass of about 1.3 solar masses. The average lifetime of stars in this phase is
estimated to be about 4.0E4 years, indicating they will undergo at most one
more thermal pulse before leaving the AGB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7185 </DOCNO>
Selected aspects of physics of fermionic bubbles


  We discuss properties of the Fermi system which contain one or more spherical
(or almost spherical) objects. The interplay between various effects, such as
shell correction and chaotic behavior is considered. We briefly mention the
role of the temperature, pairing, and effects associated with bubble dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97180 </DOCNO>
Hyperelliptic Szpiro inequality


  We generalize the classical Szpiro inequality to the case of a semistable
family of hyperelliptic curves. We show that for a semistable symplectic
Lefschetz fibration of hyperelliptic curves of genus $g$, the number $N$ of
non-separating vanishing cycles and the number $D$ of singular fibers satisfy
the inequality $N \leq (4g+2)D$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124187 </DOCNO>
New OH Zeeman measurements of magnetic field strengths in molecular


  We present the results of a new survey of 23 molecular clouds for the Zeeman
effect in OH undertaken with the ATNF Parkes 64-m radio telescope and the NRAO
Green Bank 43-m radio telescope. The Zeeman effect was clearly detected in the
cloud associated with the HII region RCW 38, with a field strength of 38+/-3
micro-Gauss, and possibly detected in a cloud associated with the HII region
RCW 57, with a field strength of -203+/-24 micro-Gauss. The remaining 21
measurements give formal upper limits to the magnetic field strength, with
typical 1-sigma sensitivities <20 micro-Gauss. For 22 of the molecular clouds
we are also able to determine thecolumn density of the gas in which we have
made a sensitive search for the Zeeman effect. We combine these results with
previous Zeeman studies of 29 molecular clouds, most of which were compiled by
Crutcher (1999), for a comparsion of theoretical models with the data. This
comparison implies that if the clouds can be modeled as initially spherical
with uniform magnetic fields and densities that evolve to their final
equilibrium state assuming flux-freezing then the typical cloud is magnetically
supercritical, as was found by Crutcher (1999). If the clouds can be modeled as
highly flattened sheets threaded by uniform perpendicular fields, then the
typical cloud is approximately magnetically critical, in agreement with Shu et
al. (1999), but only if the true values of the field for the non-detections are
close to the 3-sigma upper limits. If instead these values are significantly
lower (for example, similar to the 1-sigma limits), then the typical cloud is
generally magnetically supercritical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4845 </DOCNO>
Landau-Khalatnikov Circuit model for Ferroelectric Hysteresis


  We present the circuit equivalent of the Landau-Khalatnikov dynamical
ferroelectric model. The differential equation for hysteretic behavior is
subject to numerical computer simulations. The size and shape of the simulated
hysteretic loops depends strongly on the frequency and the amplitude of the
driving electric field. This dependence makes the experimental extraction of
the coercive electric field difficult. The bifurcation of the driven
Landau-Khalatnikov model is explained in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95432 </DOCNO>
Dynamical twists in group algebras


  We classify dynamical twists in group algebras of finite groups. Namely, we
set up a bijective correspondence between gauge equivalence classes of
dynamical twists (which are solutions of a certain non-linear functional
equation) and isomorphism classes of ``dynamical data'' described in purely
group theoretical terms. This generalizes the classification of usual twists
obtained by Movshev and Etingof-Gelaki.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74850 </DOCNO>
Holography and the Electroweak Phase Transition


  We study through holography the compact Randall-Sundrum (RS) model at finite
temperature. In the presence of radius stabilization, the system is described
at low enough temperature by the RS solution. At high temperature it is
described by the AdS-Schwarzschild solution with an event horizon replacing the
TeV brane. We calculate the transition temperature T_c between the two phases
and we find it to be somewhat smaller than the TeV scale. Assuming that the
Universe starts out at T >> T_c and cools down by expansion, we study the rate
of the transition to the RS phase. We find that the transition is very slow. In
the simplest cases the Universe ends up in an old inflation scenario unless
tight bounds are satisfied by the model parameters. In particular we find that
the radius stabilization mechanism should lead to a sizeable distortion of the
basic RS metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124825 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of the Flux of Cosmic Ray Iron at 5 x 10^13 eV


  We present results from the initial flight of our Balloon Air CHerenkov
(BACH) payload. BACH detects air Cherenkov radiation from cosmic ray nuclei as
coincident flashes in two optical modules. The flight (dubbed PDQ BACH) took
place on April 22, 1998 from Ft. Sumner, New Mexico. During an exposure of 2.75
hours, with a typical threshold energy for iron nuclei of 2.2$\times10^{13}$
eV, we observed several events cleanly identifiable as iron group nuclei.
Analysis of the data yields a new flux measurement that is fully consistent
with that reported by other investigations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123701 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Density and Power Spectrum from Peculiar Velocities:


  We allow for nonlinear effects in the likelihood analysis of galaxy peculiar
velocities, and obtain ~35%-lower values for the cosmological density parameter
Om and the amplitude of mass-density fluctuations. The power spectrum in the
linear regime is assumed to be a flat LCDM model (h=0.65, n=1, COBE) with only
Om as a free parameter. Since the likelihood is driven by the nonlinear regime,
we "break" the power spectrum at k_b=0.2 h/Mpc and fit a power law at k>k_b.
This allows for independent matching of the nonlinear behavior and an unbiased
fit in the linear regime. The analysis assumes Gaussian fluctuations and
errors, and a linear relation between velocity and density. Tests using proper
mock catalogs demonstrate a reduced bias and a better fit. We find for the
Mark3 and SFI data Om_m=0.32+-0.06 and 0.37+-0.09 respectively, with
sigma_8*Om^0.6 = 0.49+-0.06 and 0.63+-0.08, in agreement with constraints from
other data. The quoted 90% errors include cosmic variance. The improvement in
likelihood due to the nonlinear correction is very significant for Mark3 and
moderately so for SFI. When allowing deviations from LCDM, we find an
indication for a wiggle in the power spectrum: an excess near k=0.05 and a
deficiency at k=0.1 (cold flow). This may be related to the wiggle seen in the
power spectrum from redshift surveys and the second peak in the CMB anisotropy.
A chi^2 test applied to modes of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) shows
that the nonlinear procedure improves the goodness of fit and reduces a spatial
gradient of concern in the linear analysis. The PCA allows addressing spatial
features of the data and fine-tuning the theoretical and error models. It shows
that the models used are appropriate for the cosmological parameter estimation
performed. We address the potential for optimal data compression using PCA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127829 </DOCNO>
New candidate planetary nebulae in M81


  A 34 x 34 arcmin field centred on the spiral galaxy M81 has been searched for
emission-line objects using the prime focus wide field camera (WFC) of the 2.54
m Isaac Newton Telescope (La Palma, Spain). A total of 171 candidate planetary
nebulae (PNe) are found, 54 of which are in common with the ones detected by
Jacoby et al. (1989). The behaviour of PNe excitation as a function of
galactocentric distance is examined, and no significant variations are found.
The PNe luminosity function is built for the disk and bulge of M81, separately.
A distance modulus of 27.92+-0.23 mag is found for disk PNe, in good agreement
with previous distance measurements for M81 (Jacoby et al. 1989; Huterer et al.
1995).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 891 </DOCNO>
Multiple Scattering


  The purpose of this work is to find the time dependent distributions of
directions and positions of a particle that undergoes multiple elastic
scattering. The angular cross section is given and the scatterers are randomly
placed. The distribution of directions is found. As for the second distribution
we find an exact expression for isotropic cross section in 2 dimensions. For
the same cross section we find its Fourier-Laplace transform in 3 dimensions.
For the general case we devise a method to compute the Fourier-Laplace
transform with arbitrary precision. This work is based not on the Boltzmann
transport equation but on an integral equation formulation of the problem. The
results are general in the sense that any initial condition is a linear
combination of the cases considered in this article.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174711 </DOCNO>
On the problem of synthesis of superheavy nuclei. A short historical


  It is shown that it is just Dubna that possesses the priority both in the
recent synthesis of a superheavy nucleus with charge Z = 114 (Flerov Laboratory
of Nuclear Reactions, JINR) and in its theoretical prediction (Bogoliubov
Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, JINR) made 33 years ago. Possible sizes of
the island of stability of superheavy nuclei are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75125 </DOCNO>
Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking via Domain-Like Structures in


  A qualitative mechanism for the emergence of domain structured background
gluon fields due to singularities in gauge field configurations is considered,
and a model displaying a type of mean field approximation to the QCD partition
function based on this mechanism is formulated. Estimation of the vacuum
parameters (gluon condensate, topological susceptibility, string constant and
quark condensate) indicates that domain-like structures lead to an area law for
the Wilson loop, nonzero topological susceptibility and spontaneous breakdown
of chiral symmetry. Gluon and ghost propagators in the presence of domains are
calculated explicitly and their analytical properties are discussed. The
Fourier transforms of the propagators are entire functions and thus describe
confined dynamical fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179544 </DOCNO>
Event-by-Event Analysis of Proton-Induced Nuclear Multifragmentation:


  A percolation model of nuclear fragmentation is used to interpret 10.2 GeV/c
p+197Au multi-fragmentation data. Emphasis is put on finding signatures of a
continuous nuclear matter phase transition in finite nuclear systems. Based on
model calculations, corrections accounting for physical constraints of the
fragment detection and sequential decay processes are derived. Strong
circumstantial evidence for a continuous phase transition is found, and the
values of two critical exponents, sigma = 0.5+-0.1 and tau = 2.35+-0.05, are
extracted from the data. A critical temperature of T_c = 8.3+-0.2 MeV is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7557 </DOCNO>
Trapped Atomic Fermi Gases


  A many-body system of fermion atoms with a model interaction characterized by
the scattering length $a$ is considered. We treat both $a$ and the density as
parameters assuming that the system can be created artificially in a trap. If
$a$ is negative the system becomes strongly correlated at densities $\rho \sim
|a|^{-3}$, provided the scattering length is the dominant parameter of the
problem. It means that we consider $|a|$ to be much bigger than the radius of
the interaction or any other relevant parameter of the system. The density
$\rho_{c1}$ at which the compressibility vanishes is defined by $\rho_{c1}\sim
|a|^{-3}$. Thus, a system composed of fermion atoms with the scattering length
$a\to -\infty$ is completely unstable at low densities, inevitably collapsing
until the repulsive core stops the density growth. As a result, any Fermi
system possesses the equilibrium density and energy if the bare
particle-particle interaction is sufficiently strong to make $a$ negative and
to be the dominant parameter. This behavior can be realized in a trap. Our
results show that a low density neutron matter can have the equilibrium
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76877 </DOCNO>
Comment on the sign of the pseudoscalar pole contribution to the muon


  We correct the error in the sign of the pseudoscalar pole contribution to the
muon g-2, which dominates the O(alpha^3) hadronic light-by-light scattering
effect. The error originates from our oversight of a feature of the algebraic
manipulation program FORM which defines the epsilon-tensor in such a way that
it satisfies the relation epsilon_{mu_1 mu_2 mu_3 mu_4} epsilon_{nu_1 nu_2 nu_3
nu_4} eta^{mu_1 nu_1} eta^{mu_2 nu_2} eta^{mu_3 nu_3} eta^{mu_4 nu_4} = 24,
irrespective of space-time metric. To circumvent this problem, we replaced the
product epsilon_{mu_1 mu_2 mu_3 mu_4} epsilon_{nu_1 nu_2 nu_3 nu_4} by -
eta_{mu_1 nu_1} eta_{mu_2 nu_2} eta_{mu_3 nu_3} eta_{mu_4 nu_4} \pm cdots in
the FORM-formatted program, and obtained a positive value for the pseudoscalar
pole contribution, in agreement with the recent result obtained by Knecht {\it
et al}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77013 </DOCNO>
A weak, attractive, long-range force in Higgs condensates


  Due to the peculiar nature of the underlying medium, density fluctuations in
a `Higgs condensate' are predicted to propagate for infinitely long wavelengths
with a group velocity $c_s\to \infty $. On the other hand, for any large but
finite $c_s$ there is a weak, attractive $1/r$ potential of strength
${{1}\over{c^2_s}}$ and the energy spectrum deviates from the purely massive
form $\sqrt{p}^2 + M^2_h}$ at momenta smaller than $\delta\sim
{{M_h}\over{c_s}}$. Physically, the length scale $\delta^{-1}$ corresponds to
the mean free-path for the elementary constituents in the condensate and would
naturally be placed in the millimeter range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73387 </DOCNO>
A QCD-Analysis for Radiative Decays of $\Upsilon$ into $f_2(1270)$


  We perform a QCD analysis for the radiative decay of a heavy $^3S_1$
quarkonium into the tensor meson $f_2(1270)$. We make an attempt to separate
the nonperturbative effect related to the quarkonium and that related to the
tensor meson, the former is represented by NRQCD matrix elements, while the
later is parameterized by distribution amplitudes of gluons in the tensor meson
at twist-2 level and at twist-3 level. We find that at twist-2 level the
helicity $\lambda$ of the tensor meson can be 0 and 2 and the amplitude with
$\lambda =2$ is suppressed. At twist-3 level the tensor meson can have $\lambda
=1$. A comparison with experiment is made, an agreement of our results with
experiment can be found. We also briefly discuss the radiative decay into
$\eta$ and obtain a prediction for $\Upsilon\to\gamma+\eta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98063 </DOCNO>
Contiguous relations of hypergeometric series


  The 15 Gauss contiguous relations for ${}_2F_1$ hypergeometric series imply
that any three ${}_2F_1$ series whose corresponding parameters differ by
integers are linearly related (over the field of rational functions in the
parameters). In the paper several properties of contiguous relations for
general triples of hypergeometric (and $q$-hypergeometric) functions are
proved, and their application to evaluation and transformation of
hypergeometric series is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148521 </DOCNO>
Closed String Tachyons, AdS/CFT, and Large N QCD


  We find that tachyonic orbifold examples of AdS/CFT have corresponding
instabilities at small radius, and can decay to more generic gauge theories. We
do this by computing a destabilizing Coleman-Weinberg effective potential for
twisted operators of the corresponding quiver gauge theories, generalizing
calculations of Tseytlin and Zarembo and interpreting them in terms of the
large-N behavior of twisted-sector modes. The dynamically generated potential
involves double-trace operators, which affect large-N correlators involving
twisted fields but not those involving only untwisted fields, in line with
large-N inheritance arguments. We point out a simple reason that no such small
radius instability exists in gauge theories arising from freely acting
orbifolds, which are tachyon-free at large radius. When an instability is
present, twisted gauge theory operators with the quantum numbers of the
large-radius tachyons aquire VEVs, leaving a gauge theory with fewer degrees of
freedom in the infrared, analogous to but less extreme than ``decays to
nothing'' studied in other systems with broken supersymmetry. In some cases one
is left with pure glue QCD plus decoupled matter and U(1) factors in the IR,
which we thus conjecture is described by the corresponding (possibly strongly
coupled) endpoint of tachyon condensation in the M/String-theory dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126930 </DOCNO>
Three Wide-Separation L dwarf Companions from the Two Micron All Sky


  We present two confirmed wide separation L-dwarf common proper motion
companions to nearby stars and one candidate identified from the Two Micron All
Sky Survey. Spectral types from optical spectroscopy are L0 V, L2.5 V, and L8
V. Near-infrared low resolution spectra of the companions are provided as well
as a grid of known objects spanning M6 V -- T dwarfs to support spectral type
assignment for these and future L-dwarfs in the z'JHK bands. Using published
measurements, we estimate ages of the companions from physical properties of
the primaries. These crude ages allow us to estimate companion masses using
theoretical low-mass star and brown dwarf evolutionary models. The new L-dwarfs
in this paper bring the number of known wide-binary (Separation >= 100 AU)
L-dwarf companions of nearby stars to nine. One of the L-dwarfs is a wide
separation companion to the F7 IV-V + extrasolar planet system HD89744Ab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97716 </DOCNO>
Diophantine and Non-Diophantine Arithmetics: Operations with Numbers in


  Science and mathematics help people better to understand world, eliminating
different fallacies and misconceptions. One of such misconception is related to
arithmetic, which is so important both for science and everyday life. People
think that their counting is governed by the rules of the conventional
arithmetic and that other kinds of arithmetic do not exist and cannot exist. It
is demonstrated in this paper that this popular image of the situation with
integer numbers is incorrect. In many situations, we have to utilize different
rules of counting and operating. This is a consequence of the existing
diversity in nature and society and to represent correctly this diversity
people have to utilize different arithmetics. To distinct them, we call the
conventional arithmetic Diophantine, while other arithmetics are called
non-Diophantine. Theory of non-Diophantine arithmetics is developed in the book
of the author "Non-Diophantine arithmetics or is it possible that 2 + 2 is not
equal to 4." In this work, some properties of non-Diophantine arithmetics are
considered, as well as their connections to numerical computations and
contemporary physics are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124914 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Galaxy Cluster via Weak Lensing


  We report the discovery of a cluster of galaxies via its weak gravitational
lensing effect on background galaxies, the first spectroscopically confirmed
cluster to be discovered through its gravitational effects rather than by its
electromagnetic radiation. This fundamentally different selection mechanism
promises to yield mass-selected, rather than baryon or photon-selected, samples
of these important cosmological probes. We have confirmed this cluster with
spectroscopic redshifts of fifteen members at z=0.276, with a velocity
dispersion of 615 km/s. We use the tangential shear as a function of source
photometric redshift to estimate the lens redshift independently and find z_l =
0.30 +- 0.08. The good agreement with the spectroscopy indicates that the
redshift evolution of the mass function may be measurable from the imaging data
alone in shear-selected surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86 </DOCNO>
Total Polarisation Conversion in Two-dimensional Electron System under


  The polarisation conversion of a linear polarised electromagnetic wave
incident onto a two-dimensional (2D) electron system at an angle is
theoretically studied. We consider the 2D system located at the interface
between two dielectric media with different dielectric constants. An external
dc magnetic field is assumed to be directed along the normal to the 2D electron
layer. In such a configuration the cyclotron-polaritons (CPs) in 2D electron
system can be excited with the frequencies in the vicinity of the cyclotron
frequency. Under the CPs excitation the resonance polarisation conversion of
electromagnetic wave greatly increases in the system. In the absence of the
electron scattering in 2D system, the polarisation conversion reaches 100% at a
certain value of the angle of incidence which is more than the total reflection
angle. Extremely high polarisation conversion takes place in a quite wide range
of variation of the angle of incidence. High polarisation conversion efficiency
(above 80%) remains when the actual electron scattering in the 2D system on
GsAs is taken into account. The considered phenomena may be taken up in
polarisation spectroscopy of 2D electron systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174778 </DOCNO>
Measurements and simulations of Cherenkov light in lead fluoride


  The anticipated use of more than one thousand lead fluoride (PbF2) crystals
as a fast and compact Cherenkov calorimeter material in a parity violation
experiment at MAMI stimulated the investigation of the light yield (L.Y.) of
these crystals. The number of photoelectrons (p.e.) per MeV deposited energy
has been determined with a hybrid photomultiplier tube (HPMT). In response to
radioactive sources a L.Y. between 1.7 and 1.9 p.e./MeV was measured with 4%
statistical and 5% systematic error. The L.Y. optimization with appropriate
wrappings and couplings was investigated by means of the HPMT. Furthermore, a
fast Monte Carlo simulation based on the GEANT code was employed to calculate
the characteristics of Cherenkov light in the PbF2 crystals. The computing time
was reduced by a factor of 50 compared to the regular photon tracking method by
implementing detection probabilities as a three-dimensional look-up table. For
a single crystal a L.Y. of 2.1 p.e./MeV was calculated. The corresponding
detector response to electrons between 10 and 1000 MeV was highly linear with a
variation smaller than 1%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76024 </DOCNO>
About Q2 Dependence of the Asymmetry A_1 from the Similarity of the g_1


  We consider a new approach for taking into account the Q2 dependence of
asymmetry A_1. This approach is based on the similarity of the Q2 behavior and
the shape of the spin-dependent structure function g_1(x,Q^2) and spin averaged
structure function F_3(x,Q^2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76693 </DOCNO>
Future galactic supernova neutrino signal: What can we learn?


  The next supernova in our galaxy will be detected by a variety of neutrino
detectors. In this lecture I discuss the set of observables needed to constrain
the models of supernova neutrino emission. They are the flux normalizations,
and average energies, of each of the three expected components of the neutrino
flux: $\nu_e$, $\bar{\nu}_e$, and $\nu_x$ (all the other four flavors
combined). I show how the existing, or soon to be operational, neutrino
detectors will be able to determine the magnitude of these observables, and
estimate the corresponding rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96121 </DOCNO>
Exponential Mixing for a Stochastic PDE Driven by Degenerate Noise


  We study stochastic partial differential equations of the reaction-diffusion
type. We show that, even if the forcing is very degenerate (i.e. has not full
rank), one has exponential convergence towards the invariant measure. The
convergence takes place in the topology induced by a weighted variation norm
and uses a kind of (uniform) Doeblin condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179420 </DOCNO>
Space-time evolution and HBT analysis of relativistic heavy ion


  The space-time dynamics and pion-HBT radii in central heavy ion-collisions at
CERN-SPS and BNL-RHIC are investigated within a hydrodynamic simulation. The
dependence of the dynamics and the HBT-parameters on the EoS is studied with
different parametrisations of a chiral SU(3) sigma-omega model. The
selfconsistent collective expansion includes the effects of effective hadron
masses, generated by the nonstrange and strange scalar condensates. Different
chiral EoS show different types of phase transitions and even a crossover. The
influence of the order of the phase transition and of the difference in the
latent heat on the space-time dynamics and pion-HBT radii is studied. A small
latent heat, i.e. a weak first-order chiral phase transition, or even a smooth
crossover leads to distinctly different HBT predictions than a strong first
order phase transition. A quantitative description of the data, both at SPS
energies as well as at RHIC energies, appears difficult to achieve within the
ideal hydrodynamical approach using the SU(3) chiral EoS. A strong first-order
quasi-adiabatic chiral phase transition seems to be disfavored by the pion-HBT
data from CERN-SPS and BNL-RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129546 </DOCNO>
On Energetics and Structure of Sub-parsec Jets in Quasars


  This paper reviews the topic of sub-parsec - scale jets in quasars, and
covers the the following issues: observations of parsec and sub-parsec scale
jets; energy dissipation and particle acceleration; radiative processes;
magnetic fields, pair content, and energetics; and variability and its relation
to the central engine activity. In particular, we describe how internal shocks
can explain properties of gamma-ray flares and demonstrate that MeV blazars
(those with luminosity peak in the 1-30 MeV range) can be unified with GeV
blazars (those with luminosity peak at GeV energies) assuming that in GeV
blazars the gamma-ray flares are produced via Comptonization of broad emission
lines, whereas in the MeV blazars they result from Comptonization of infrared
radiation of hot dust. We also make predictions about the radiative effects of
bulk Compton process in the soft X-ray band and show how spectral and
variability properties in that band can be used to constrain structure of jets
near their bases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4944 </DOCNO>
Anomaly of the non-ergodicity parameter and crossover to white noise in


  We present quasi-elastic light scattering (LS) and dielectric (DS) spectra of
the glass former alpha-picoline (13K < T < 320K). At high temperatures the
evolution of the susceptibility minimum is well described by mode coupling
theory (MCT) yielding a critical temperature T_c = 162K +- 5K. At T_c > T > T_g
the excess wing of the alpha-process identified in the DS spectra and
characterized by a power-law exponent c is rediscovered in the LS spectra.
Introducing a universal evolution for c = c[lg(tau_{alpha})] as suggested by DS
data of several glass formers, the fast dynamics spectrum is singled out,
allowing to determine the non-ergodicity parameter f(T). The latter shows the
predicted cusp-like anomaly identifying T_c as well. Another discontinuous
change of f(T) is observed at T_g. The fast dynamics spectra exhibit a
crossover to ``white noise'' (T < T_c). Concerning the fast dynamics, we
conclude that idealized MCT predictions hold even below T_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150188 </DOCNO>
On the Cardy-Verlinde Formula and the de Sitter/CFT Correspondence


  We derive the Cardy--Verlinde entropy formula for the field theory that lives
on the boundary of an asymptotically de Sitter space with a black hole. The
boundary theory which is not conformal has a monotonic $C$--function defined by
the Casimir energy. The instability of the space due to Hawking radiation from
the black hole corresponds to an RG flow from the IR to the UV during which $C$
increases. The endpoint of black hole evaporation is de Sitter space which is
described by a conformal theory at the UV fixed point of the RG flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86460 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of Expansive Nondecelerative Universe


  The present contribution deals with thermodynamic aspects of the model of
Expansive Nondecelerative Universe. In this model, in the matter era a
dependence T^CBR ~ E^CBR ~ a(exp -3/4) holds for the energy of cosmic
background radiation, E^CBR and its temperature T^CBR, while the
proportionality of the energy density epsilon^CBR to the gauge factor a can be
expressed as epsilon^CBR ~ a(exp -3). The given relationships comply with
experimental observations of the cosmic background radiation as well as with a
surprising finding that the Universe expansion is not decelerated by
gravitational forces. It is rationalized that the specific entropy is
proportional to a(exp -1/4), i.e. it is gradually decreasing in time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127881 </DOCNO>
A Chandra X-ray Study of Cygnus A - III. The Cluster of Galaxies


  The results from a recent Chandra ACIS-S study of the cluster surrounding
Cygnus A are presented. We have deprojected the X-ray spectra taken from
various elliptical shells in order to derive the run of temperature, density,
pressure, and abundance for the ICM as a function of radius. We confirm a drop
in temperature of the X-ray emitting gas from $\sim 8$ keV more than $\sim
2^{\prime}$ from the center to $\simeq 5$ keV some $30^{\prime\prime}$ from the
center, with the coolest gas immediately adjacent to the radio galaxy.
``Belts'' of slightly cooler ($\simeq 4$ keV) X-ray emitting gas run around the
minor dimension of the cavity created by the radio source. We find a
metallicity gradient in the X-ray emitting gas, with the highest metallicities
($\sim$ solar) in the inner annuli, decreasing to $\sim 0.3$ solar in the outer
parts. The total mass within 500 kpc is found to be (2.0--2.8) $\times 10^{14}
M_{\odot}$ and approximately 3.5--5% of the mass is X-ray emitting gas
[ABRIDGED].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96721 </DOCNO>
Goncharov's relations in Bloch's higher Chow group CH^3(F,5)


  Using Totaro-Bloch-Kriz's linear fractional cycles Gangl and Muller-Stach
recently prove the 5-term relations for the dilogarithm in Bloch's higher Chow
group CH^2(F,3) and the Kummer-Spence relations in some group G(F) over an
arbitrary field F where G(F) is isomorphic to CH^3(F,5) up to torsions under
the Beilinson-Soule vanishing conjecture that CH^2(F,n)=0 for n>3. In this
paper we show that Goncharov's 22-term relations for the trilogarithm also hold
in G(F) which implies that there is a map from (the "third Bloch group") B_3(F)
to G(F) up to torsions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168685 </DOCNO>
From the paradoxes of the standard wave-packet analysis to the


  Considering tunneling as a complete elastic two-channel scattering, we
propose a new variant of the wave-packet analysis to solve the tunneling time
problem. The main point of our approach is the elaboration of a separate
asymptotic description of transmitted and reflected particles at the initial
stage of tunneling, which is shown to be quite admissible in quantum theory:
firstly, the wave function describing tunneling particles contains the whole
information needed to determine uniquely separate initial (asymptotic) states
of these particles; secondly, such a description is verifiable experimentally.
Accounting for these states, we define the asymptotic delay times for both
scattering channels, and give explanation for the behavior of wave packets in
tunneling. By our approach, there is no acceleration (or retardation) of
particles in this process: the average momentum of particles for each
scattering channel should be the same (by modulus) before and after the
scattering event. To describe jointly all particles, we estimate the scattering
time. All three parameters are defined in terms of the position and wave-number
operators. Besides, we derive the condition to have been fulfilled for a
complete one-dimensional scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168517 </DOCNO>
Maximal entanglement of nonorthogonal states: classification


  A necessary and sufficient condition for the maximal entanglement of
bipartite nonorthogonal pure states is found. The condition is applied to the
maximal entanglement of coherent states. Some new classes of maximally
entangled coherent states are explicited constructed; their limits give rise to
maximally entangled Bell-like states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 624 </DOCNO>
Conductivity of the classical two-dimensional electron gas


  We discuss the applicability of the Boltzmann equation to the classical
two-dimensional electron gas. We show that in the presence of both the
electron-impurity and electron-electron scattering the Boltzmann equation can
be inapplicable and the correct result for conductivity can be different from
the one obtained from the kinetic equation by a logarithmically large factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75467 </DOCNO>
"g_{rho sigma gamma}" coupling constant in light cone QCD


  The coupling constant "g_{rho\sigma\gamma}" is determined from light cone QCD
sum rules. A comparison of our result with the ones existing in literature is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 744 </DOCNO>
Spectra of "Real-World" Graphs: Beyond the Semi-Circle Law


  Many natural and social systems develop complex networks, that are usually
modelled as random graphs. The eigenvalue spectrum of these graphs provides
information about their structural properties. While the semi-circle law is
known to describe the spectral density of uncorrelated random graphs, much less
is known about the eigenvalues of real-world graphs, describing such complex
systems as the Internet, metabolic pathways, networks of power stations,
scientific collaborations or movie actors, which are inherently correlated and
usually very sparse. An important limitation in addressing the spectra of these
systems is that the numerical determination of the spectra for systems with
more than a few thousand nodes is prohibitively time and memory consuming.
Making use of recent advances in algorithms for spectral characterization, here
we develop new methods to determine the eigenvalues of networks comparable in
size to real systems, obtaining several surprising results on the spectra of
adjacency matrices corresponding to models of real-world graphs. We find that
when the number of links grows as the number of nodes, the spectral density of
uncorrelated random graphs does not converge to the semi-circle law.
Furthermore, the spectral densities of real-world graphs have specific features
depending on the details of the corresponding models. In particular, scale-free
graphs develop a triangle-like spectral density with a power law tail, while
small-world graphs have a complex spectral density function consisting of
several sharp peaks. These and further results indicate that the spectra of
correlated graphs represent a practical tool for graph classification and can
provide useful insight into the relevant structural properties of real
networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 754 </DOCNO>
Fast Ground-State Reordering from Off-Diagonal Fluctuations of


  It is shown that off-diagonal fluctuations of interaction lead to the
breakdown of perturbation theory in the immediate vicinity of the ground-state
of a fermionic system at a rate inversely proportional to the number of
considered particles. This rate is parametrically much faster than previously
expected. It is shown that this follows from the coherent addition of many
small second order contributions to the energy of low-lying levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75325 </DOCNO>
B Production Asymmetries in Perturbative QCD


  This paper explores a new mechanism for B production in which a b quark
combines with a light parton from the hard-scattering process before
hadronizing into the B hadron. This recombination mechanism can be calculated
within perturbative QCD up to a few nonperturbative constants. Though
suppressed at large transverse momentum by a factor Lambda_QCD m_b/p_t^2
relative to b quark fragmentation production, it can be important at large
rapidities. A signature for this heavy-quark recombination mechanism in
proton-antiproton colliders is the presence of rapidity asymmetries in B cross
sections. Given reasonable assumptions about the size of nonperturbative
parameters entering the calculation, we find that the asymmetries are only
significant for rapidities larger than those currently probed by collider
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168094 </DOCNO>
Remotely prepared entanglement: a quantum web page


  In quantum teleportation, an unknown quantum state is transmitted from one
party to another using only local operations and classical communication, at
the cost of shared entanglement. Is it possible similarly, using an $N$ party
entangled state, to have the state retrievable by {\it any} of the $N-1$
possible receivers? If the receivers cooperate, and share a suitable state,
this can be done reliably. The $N$ party GHZ is one such state; I derive a
large class of such states, and show that they are in general not equivalent to
the GHZ. I also briefly discuss the problem where the parties do not cooperate,
and the relationship to multipartite entanglement quantification. I define a
new set of entanglement monotones, the entanglements of preparation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97675 </DOCNO>
The Toda conjecture


  We study the Toda conjecture of Eguchi and Yang for the Gromov-Witten
invariants of CP^1,using the bihamiltonian method of the formal calculus of
variations. We also study its relationship to the Virasoro conjecture for CP^1,
recently proved by Givental (math.AG/0108100).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 397 </DOCNO>
Velocity fluctuations and hydrodynamic diffusion in sedimentation


  We study non-equilibrium velocity fluctuations in a model for the
sedimentation of non-Brownian particles experiencing long-range hydrodynamic
interactions. The complex behavior of these fluctuations, the outcome of the
collective dynamics of the particles, exhibits many of the features observed in
sedimentation experiments. In addition, our model predicts a final relaxation
to an anisotropic (hydrodynamic) diffusive state that could be observed in
experiments performed over longer time ranges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73793 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of relativistic positronium atoms on extended targets


  It is shown that the yield of relativistic positronium atoms in
photoproduction on extended targets is much larger than usually accepted.The
cause of such difference is transparent. At high energies, when the positronium
atom formation time $\tau_f$ becomes greater than the target length L, it is
the free $e^+e^-$ pair that propagates through the target and the formation of
positronium atoms take place out of the target.In the framework of the
light-cone technique we consider the interaction of $e^+e^-$ pair with the
screened Coulomb field of atoms in matter and obtain the analytical expressions
for relativistic positronium atoms photoproduction cross sections on extended
targets.The relations to free pair photoproduction on extended targets are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124950 </DOCNO>
GRB000615 in X-rays


  GRB000615 was detected simultaneously by the BeppoSAX GRBM and WFC 1 with a
localization uncertainty of 2' (error circle radius). X-ray emission was
detected only in the 0.1-4 keV range during a NFI observation started about 10
hours after the trigger time. The positional and temporal analysis shows the
presence of two sources, one of which may be related to the GRB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72378 </DOCNO>
Analyticity and power corrections in hard-scattering hadronic functions


  Demanding the analyticity of hadronic observables (calculated in terms of
power series of the running coupling) as a {\it whole}, we show that they are
free of the Landau singularity. Employing resummation and dispersion-relation
techniques, we compute in a unifying way power corrections to two different
hard-scattering functions in perturbative QCD: the electromagnetic pion form
factor to leading order and the inclusive cross section of the Drell-Yan
process. In the second case, the leading nonperturbative power correction in
$b\Lambda_{\rm QCD}$ gives rise to a Sudakov-like exponential factor in the
impact parameter space which provides enhancement rather than suppression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75152 </DOCNO>
Correlation of B_s -> mu^+ mu^- and (g-2)_mu in Minimal Supergravity


  We analyse the rare decay mode B_s -> mu^+ mu^- in the minimal supergravity
scenario (mSUGRA). We find a strong correlation with the muon anomalous
magnetic moment (g-2)_mu. An interpretation of the recently measured excess in
(g-2)_mu in terms of mSUGRA corrections implies a substantial supersymmetric
enhancement of the branching ratio Br(B_s -> mu^+ mu^-): if (g-2)_mu exceeds
the Standard Model prediction by 4*10^{-9}, Br(B_s -> mu^+ mu^-) is larger by a
factor of 10-100 than in the Standard Model and within reach of Run-II of the
Tevatron. Thus an experimental search for B_s -> mu^+ mu^- is a stringent test
of the mSUGRA GUT scale boundary conditions. If the decay B_s -> mu^+ mu^- is
observed at Run-II of the Tevatron, then we predict the mass of the lightest
supersymmetric Higgs boson to be less than 120 GeV. The decay B_s -> mu^+ mu^-
can also significantly probe the favoured parameter range in SO(10) SUSY GUT
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3420 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quasi-Particle in the Two-Orbital Hubbard Model


  The two-orbital Hubbard model with the Hund coupling is investigated in a
metallic phase close to the Mott insulator. We calculate the one-particle
spectral function and the optical conductivity within dynamical mean field
theory, for which the effective impurity problem is solved by using the
non-crossing approximation. For a metallic system close to quarter filling, a
heavy quasi-particle band is formed by the Hubbard interaction, the effective
mass of which is not so sensitive to the orbital splitting and the Hund
coupling. In contrast, a heavy quasi-particle band near half filling disappears
in the presence of the orbital splitting, but is induced again by the
introduction of the Hund coupling, resulting in a different type of heavy
quasi-particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83573 </DOCNO>
Multi-Syllable Phonotactic Modelling


  This paper describes a novel approach to constructing phonotactic models. The
underlying theoretical approach to phonological description is the
multisyllable approach in which multiple syllable classes are defined that
reflect phonotactically idiosyncratic syllable subcategories. A new
finite-state formalism, OFS Modelling, is used as a tool for encoding,
automatically constructing and generalising phonotactic descriptions.
Language-independent prototype models are constructed which are instantiated on
the basis of data sets of phonological strings, and generalised with a
clustering algorithm. The resulting approach enables the automatic construction
of phonotactic models that encode arbitrarily close approximations of a
language's set of attested phonological forms. The approach is applied to the
construction of multi-syllable word-level phonotactic models for German,
English and Dutch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75136 </DOCNO>
Gauge Unification In Six Dimensions


  We study the breaking of a supersymmetric SO(10) GUT in 6 dimensions by
orbifold compactification. In 4 dimensions we obtain a N=1 supersymmetric
theory with the standard model gauge group enlarged by an additional U(1)
symmetry. The 4-dimensional gauge symmetry is obtained as intersection of the
Pati-Salam and the Georgi-Glashow subgroups of SO(10), which appear as unbroken
subgroups in the two 5 dimensional subspaces, respectively. The doublet-triplet
splitting arises as in the recently discussed SU(5) GUTs in 5 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148956 </DOCNO>
Some computation on g Function and Disc Partition Function and Boundary


  Quadratic tachyon profile has been discussed in the boundary string field
theory. We here compute the g-function by factorizing the cylinder amplitude.
The answer is compared with the disc partition function. The boundary state is
constructed. We extend these computations to those of the boundary sine-Gordon
model at the free fermion point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114076 </DOCNO>
Global selection rule in chemical coupling


  Coupling and decoupling of chemical reactions are explored through a modified
heat balance equation. Reaction enthalpies are found to play crucial role; the
sign of their product for a pair of consecutive chemical reactions determine
whether they couple or not. The possibility of a coupling-uncoupling transition
for such reactions is thus introduced for the first time. The present work
resolves a paradox concerning negative efficiency of coupled consecutive
chemical reactions. Enthalpy is also shown to be a "constant of motion" along
the reaction coordinate as long as the mass action ratio varies little with
temperature. The present analysis puts the observed difference between
calorimetric and van't Hoff enthalpies on a quantitative basis. A case study is
presented with a third order reaction where the enthalpic criterion is useful
in selecting the more probable of the alternative mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74948 </DOCNO>
't Hooft Loops, Electric Flux Sectors and Confinement in SU(2)


  We use 't Hooft loops of maximal size on finite lattices to calculate the
free energy in the sectors of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with fixed electric flux
as a function of temperature and (spatial) volume. Our results provide evidence
for the mass gap. The confinement of electric fluxes in the low temperature
phase and their condensation in the high temperature phase are demonstrated. In
a surprisingly large scaling window around criticality, the transition is
quantitatively well described by universal exponents and amplitude ratios
relating the properties of the two phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128203 </DOCNO>
Small scale structure in diffuse molecular gas from repeated FUSE and


  We present preliminary results from an ongoing program devoted to a study of
small scale structure in the spatial distribution of molecular gas. Our work is
based on multi-epoch FUSE and visible observations of HD34078. A detailed
comparison of H2, CH and CH+ absorption lines is performed. No short term
variations are seen (except for highly excited H2) but long-term changes in
N(CH) are clearly detected when comparing our data to spectra taken about 10
years ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4648 </DOCNO>
Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interactions in the kagome lattice


  The kagom\'e lattice exhibits peculiar magnetic properties due to its
strongly frustated cristallographic structure, based on corner sharing
triangles. For nearest neighbour antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions
there is no Neel ordering at zero temperature both for quantum and classical s
pins. We show that, due to the peculiar structure, antisymmetric
Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions (${\bf D} . ({\bf S}_i \times {\bf S}_j)$)
are present in this latt ice. In order to derive microscopically this
interaction we consider a set of localized d-electronic states. For classical
spins systems, we then study the phase diagram (T, D/J) through mean field
approximation and Monte-Carlo simulations and show that the antisymmetric
interaction drives this system to ordered states as soon as this interaction is
non zero. This mechanism could be involved to explain the magnetic structure of
Fe-jarosites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5840 </DOCNO>
The additivity of the pseudo-additive conditional entropy for a proper


  For Tsallis' entropic analysis to the time evolutions of standard logistic
map at the Feigenbaum critical point, it is known that there exists a unique
value $q^*$ of the entropic index such that the asymptotic rate $K_q \equiv
\lim_{t \to \infty} \{S_q(t)-S_q(0)\} / t$ of increase in $S_q(t)$ remains
finite whereas $K_q$ vanishes (diverges) for $q > q^* (q < q^*)$. We show that
in spite of the associated whole time evolution cannot be factorized into a
product of independent sub-interval time evolutions, the pseudo-additive
conditional entropy $S_q(t|0) \equiv \{S_q(t)-S_q(0)\}/ \{1+(1-q)S_q(0)\}$
becomes additive when $q=q^*$. The connection between $K_{q^*}$ and the rate
$K'_{q^*} \equiv S_{q^*}(t | 0) / t$ of increase in the conditional entropy is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74106 </DOCNO>
Scalar top quarks at the Run II of the Tevatron in the high \tan\beta


  We discuss the decays of the lightest scalar top quark $\tilde{t}_1$ in the
Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model and show that the final
state $b\tau \nu_\tau \chi_1^0$, where $\chi_1^0$ is the lightest
supersymmetric particle, can be dominant in a significant area of the parameter
space, in particular in the high $\tan \beta$ regime. We then analyze the
prospects for discovering relatively light scalar top quarks accessible at the
Tevatron Run II in the $b\tau$ and missing energy channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76523 </DOCNO>
Resolving the $p^+ = 0$ Ambiguity in a Homogeneous Electric Background


  I present an exact solution for the Heisenberg picture, Dirac electron in the
presence of an electric field which depends arbitrarily upon the light cone
time parameter $x^+ = (t+x)/\sqrt{2}$. This is the largest class of background
fields for which the mode functions have ever been obtained. The solution
applies to electrons of any mass and in any spacetime dimension. The
traditional ambiguity at $p^+ = 0$ is explicitly resolved. It turns out that
the initial value operators include not only $(I + \gamma^0 \gamma^1) \psi$ at
$x^+ = 0$ but also $(I - \gamma^0 \gamma^1) \psi$ at $x^- = -L$. Pair creation
is a discrete and instantaneous event on the light cone, so one can compute the
particle production rate in real time. In $D=1+1$ dimensions one can also see
the anomaly. Another novel feature of the solution is that the expectation
value of the current operators depends nonanalytically upon the background
field. This seems to suggest a new, strong phase of QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124532 </DOCNO>
The Redshift of the Optical Transient Associated with GRB 010222


  The gamma-ray burst (GRB) 010222 is the brightest GRB detected to date by the
BeppoSAX satellite. Prompt identification of the associated optical transient
(OT) allowed for spectroscopy with the Tillinghast 1.5m telescope at F. L.
Whipple Observatory while the source was still relatively bright (R ~ 18.6
mag), within five hours of the burst. The OT shows a blue continuum with many
superimposed absorption features corresponding to metal lines at z = 1.477,
1.157, and possibly also at 0.928. The redshift of GRB 010222 is therefore
unambiguously placed at z >= 1.477. The high number of Mg II absorbers and
especially the large equivalent widths of the Mg II, Mg I, and Fe II absorption
lines in the z = 1.477 system further argue either for a very small impact
parameter or that the z = 1.477 system is the GRB host galaxy itself. The
spectral index of the OT is relatively steep, beta = 0.89 +/- 0.03, and this
cannot be caused by dust with a standard Galactic extinction law in the z =
1.477 absorption system. This spectroscopic identification of the redshift of
GRB 010222 shows that prompt and well-coordinated followup of bright GRBs can
be successful even with telescopes of modest aperture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 547 </DOCNO>
New selection rules for resonant Raman scattering on quantum wires


  The bosonisation technique is used to calculate the resonant Raman spectrum
of a quantum wire with two electronic sub-bands occupied. Close to resonance,
the cross section at frequencies in the region of the inter sub-band
transitions shows distinct peaks in parallel polarisation of the incident and
scattered light that are signature of collective higher order spin density
excitations. This is in striking contrast to the conventional selection rule
for non-resonant Raman scattering according to which spin modes can appear only
in perpendicular polarisation. We predict a new selection rule for the
excitations observed near resonance, namely that, apart from charge density
excitations, only spin modes with positive group velocities can appear as peaks
in the spectra in parallel configuration close to resonance. The results are
consistent with all of the presently available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148825 </DOCNO>
Half-strings, Projectors, and Multiple D-branes in Vacuum String Field


  A sliver state is a classical solution of the string field theory of the
tachyon vacuum that represents a background with a single D25-brane. We show
that the sliver wavefunctional factors into functionals of the left and right
halves of the string, and hence can be naturally regarded as a rank-one
projector in a space of half-string functionals. By developing an algebraic
oscillator approach we are able construct higher rank projectors that describe
configurations of multiple D-branes of various dimensionalities and located at
arbitrary positions. The results bear remarkable similarities with
non-commutative solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113485 </DOCNO>
Signatures of quantum-like chaos in spacing intervals of non-trivial


  The spacing intervals of adjacent Riemann zeta zeros(non-trivial) exhibit
fractal(irregular) fluctuations generic to dynamical systems in nature such as
fluid flows, heart beat patterns, stock market price index, etc., and are
associated with unpredictability or chaos. The power spectra of such fractal
space-time fluctuations exhibit universal inverse power law form and signify
long-range correlations, identified as self-organized criticality . A cell
dynamical system model developed by the author for turbulent fluid flows
provides a unique quantification for the observed power spectra in terms of the
statistical normal distribution, such that the variance represents the
statistical probability densities. Such a result that the additive amplitudes
of eddies when squared, represent the statistical probabilities is an observed
feature of the subatomic dynamics of quantum systems such as an electron or
photon. Self-organized criticality is therefore a signature of quantum-like
chaos in dynamical systems. The model concepts are applicable to all real
world(observed) and computed(mathematical model) dynamical systems.
    Continuous periodogram analyses of the fractal fluctuations of Riemann zeta
zero spacing intervals show that the power spectra follow the unique and
universal inverse power law form of the statistical normal distribution. The
Riemann zeta zeros therefore exhibit quantum-like chaos, the spacing intervals
of the zeros representing the energy(variance) level spacings of quantum-like
chaos inherent to dynamical systems in nature. The cell dynamical system model
is a general systems theory applicable to dynamical systems of all size scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83732 </DOCNO>
A Continuous Model of Computation


  Although the Turing-machine model of computation is widely used in computer
science it is fundamentally inadequate as a foundation for the theory of modern
scientific computation. The real-number model is described as an alternative.
Physicists often choose continuous mathematical models for problems ranging
from the dynamical systems of classical physics to the operator equations and
path integrals of quantum mechanics.These mathematical models use the real or
complex number fields and we argue that the real-number model of computation
should be used in the study of the computational complexity of continuous
mathematical models.
  The study of continuous complexity is called information-based complexity. In
this expository article we apply information-based complexity to topics such as
breaking the curse of dimensionality, approximating the calculation of path
integrals, and solving ill-posed problems. Precise formulations of these ideas
may be found in J. F. Traub and A. G. Werschulz, "Complexity and Information",
Cambridge University Press, 1998.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4213 </DOCNO>
Singular Density of States of Disordered Dirac Fermions in the Chiral


  The Dirac fermion in the random chiral models is studied which includes the
random gauge field model and the random hopping model. We focus on a connection
between continuum and lattice models to give a clear perspective for the random
chiral models. Two distinct structures of density of states (DoS) around zero
energy, one is a power-law dependence on energy in the intermediate energy
range and the other is a diverging one at zero energy, are revealed by an
extensive numerical study for large systems up to $250\times 250$. For the
random hopping model, our finding of the diverging DoS within very narrow
energy range reconciles previous inconsistencies between the lattice and the
continuum models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73175 </DOCNO>
Model-Independent Analysis of g_\mu-2


  Assuming that the scale of new physics exceeds the weak scale, we have
considered all possible origins of deviations from the Standard Model in
$\gmu2$. If the underlying theory can be treated perturbatively, then to
account for an effect as large as has been recently reported\cite{BNL}, the
only possibilities would be models that contain particles that yield direct
contributions, of which SUSY models are prototypical, or models having
unexpectedly light leptoquarks or having a rather exotic heavy vector boson
that couples predominantly to muons. Other possibilities either are already
excluded by existing experimental results or would have to be unnaturally
large. If, on the contrary, the underlying new physics involves strong
interactions, as in technicolor models, then the discrepancy could be accounted
for by a variety of effective operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149053 </DOCNO>
Proposal for Background Independent Berkovits' Superstring Field Theory


  In this paper we would like to propose the background independent formulation
of Berkovits' superstring field theory. Then we will show that the solution of
equation of motion of this theory leads to the Berkovits' superstring field
theory formulated around particular CFT background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6449 </DOCNO>
3D Ising Model on Dual BCC Lattice: the Sign-Factor


  The 3d Ising model on a regular cubic lattice can be expressed in terms of an
SU(2) 2d fermionic model with a $Z_2$-fluxes. We modify the model such that it
is defined on the dual to a body centered cubic lattice. The advantage of this
lattice is that 2d embedded surfaces have no selfintersections, thus partially
avoiding the Sign-factor problem associated with the 2d fermionoc models
related to the 3d Ising model. Rather than solving the full SU(2) fermionic
theory on this lattice we study the simpler model of scalar fermions and find
the spectrum of excitations. The model has no mass gap. We reformulate the
model using the R-formalism and a new interesting structure appears due to the
necessity of introducing a three-paticle matrix $R^{(3)}_{ijk}$. It encodes the
essential character of the Sign-factor. We analyse the integrability properties
of this class of models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125128 </DOCNO>
Comparative seismology of pre- and main sequence stars in the


  Pulsational properties of 1.8 M$_{\odot}$ stellar models covering the latest
stages of contraction toward the main sequence up to early hydrogen burning
phases are investigated by means of linear nonadiabatic analyses. Results
confirm that pre-main sequence stars (pms) which cross the classical
instability strip on their way toward the main sequence are pulsationally
unstable with respect to the classical opacity mechanisms. For both pms and
main sequence types of models in the lower part of the instability strip, the
unstable frequency range is found to be roughly the same. Some non-radial
unstable modes are very sensitive to the deep internal structure of the star.
It is shown that discrimination between pms and main sequence stages is
possible using differences in their oscillation frequency distributions in the
low frequency range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124454 </DOCNO>
A Magnetohydrodynamic Nonradiative Accretion Flow in Three Dimensions


  We present a global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) three dimensional simulation of
a nonradiative accretion flow originating in a pressure supported torus. The
evolution is controlled by the magnetorotational instability which produces
turbulence. The flow forms a nearly Keplerian disk. The total pressure scale
height in this disk is comparable to the vertical size of the initial torus.
Gas pressure dominates only near the equator; magnetic pressure is more
important in the surrounding atmosphere. A magnetically dominated bound outflow
is driven from the disk. The accretion rate through the disk exceeds the final
rate into the hole, and a hot torus forms inside 10 r_g. Hot gas, pushed up
against the centrifugal barrier and confined by magnetic pressure, is ejected
in a narrow, unbound, conical outflow. The dynamics are controlled by magnetic
turbulence, not thermal convection, and a hydrodynamic alpha model is
inadequate to describe the flow. The limitations of two dimensional MHD
simulations are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81447 </DOCNO>
A lattice approach to QCD in the chiral regime


  Non-perturbative lattice studies of QCD in the chiral thermodynamic regime,
where chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken, require to deal with almost
quark zero modes in a theoretically clean and computationally efficient way. We
discuss the basic features and some realistic tests of a formulation, known as
lattice tmQCD, that fulfills these requirements. Based on a talk given by R.
Frezzotti at the conference HEP2001 (Budapest, July 2001)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128696 </DOCNO>
Overall Temporal Synchrotron Emissions from Relativistic Jets: Adiabatic


  We discuss the GRB afterglow emission from a relativistic jet that is
initially in the radiative regime in which the accelerated electrons are fast
cooling. We note that such a ``semiradiative'' jet decelerates faster than an
adiabatic jet does. We also take into account the effect of strong
inverse-Compton scattering on the cooling frequency in the synchrotron
component and therefore on the light curve decay index. We find that there are
two kinds of light-curve break for the jet effect. The first is an ``adiabatic
break'' if the electrons become slow cooling before the jet enters a spreading
phase, and the second is a ``radiative break'' which appears on the contrary
case. We then show how a relativistic jet evolves dynamically and derive the
overall temporal synchrotron emission in both cases, focusing on the change in
light curve decay index around the break time. Finally, in view of our results,
we rule out two cases for relativistic jets to account for the observed light
curve breaks in a few afterglows: (i) an adiabatic jet with strong Compton
cooling (Y>1) and with the cooling frequency nu_c locating in the observed
energy range; (ii) a radiative jet with a significant fraction of total energy
occupied by electrons (epsilon_e 1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125696 </DOCNO>
Modelling the H Lyman lines in evolved late-type stars


  The importance of Partial Redistribution (PRD) in the modelling of the Lyman
Alpha and Lyman Beta emission lines of hydrogen in stellar atmospheres is
examined using simple atmospheric models of a range of late-type stars. These
models represent the sub-giant Procyon (F5 IV-V), and the two giants Beta Gem
(K0 III) and Alpha Tau (K5 III). These stars are selected to span a wide range
of surface gravities: 1.25 < log g < 4.00. The calculations are performed using
the computer code MULTI (Carlsson 1986) with the modifications made by Hubeny &
Lites (1995). It is found that PRD effects are highly significant, both in the
direct prediction of the Lyman line profiles and in the application of
hydrostatic equilibrium (HSE) to calculate the atmospheric electron density in
static atmospheric models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149811 </DOCNO>
On Vertex Operator Construction of Quantum Affine Algebras


  We describe the construction of the quantum deformed affine Lie algebras
using the vertex operators in the free field theory. We prove the Serre
relations for the quantum deformed Borel subalgebras of affine algebras, namely
the case of $ \hat{\it sl}_{2}$ is considered in details. We provide the
formulas for generators of affine algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149604 </DOCNO>
Spinfoam models for M-theory


  We use the approach to generate spin foam models by an auxiliary field theory
defined on a group manifold (as recently developed in quantum gravity and
quantization of BF-theories) in the context of topological quantum field
theories with a 3-form field strength. Topological field theories of this kind
in seven dimensions are related to the superconformal field theories which live
on the worldvolumes of fivebranes in M-theory. The approach through an
auxiliary field theory for spinfoams gives a topology independent formulation
of such theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86900 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Particle Creation and Baryon Number Violation in a


  We consider a conformal unified theory as the basis of conformal-invariant
cosmological model where the permanent rigid state of the universe is
compatible with the primordial element abundance and supernova data. We show
that the cosmological creation of vector Z and W bosons, in this case, is
sufficient to explain the CMB temperature (2.7 K). The primordial bosons
violate the baryon number in the standard model as a result of anomalous
nonconservation of left-handed currents and a nonzero squeezed vacuum
expectation value of the topological Chern-Simons functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98432 </DOCNO>
Infinitely Many Eclipses


  We show that any bounded zero-angular momentum solution for the Newtonian
three-body problem must suffer infinitely many eclipses, or collinearities,
provided that it does not suffer a triple collision. Motivation for the result
comes from the dream of building a symbolic dynamics for the three-body
problem, one whose symbols 1, 2, 3 representing the three types of eclipses.
The proof involves the conformal geometry of the shape sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127013 </DOCNO>
The complex iron line of NGC 5506


  The bright Narrow Emission Line Galaxy, NGC 5506, has been observed
simultaneously by XMM-Newton and BeppoSAX. The iron line is complex, with at
least two components: one narrow and corresponding to neutral iron, the second
one broad and corresponding to ionized iron. The latter line is equally well
fitted by a truly broad line or by a blend of He- and H-like narrow lines. The
bulk of the Compton reflection continuum originates in neutral matter, and is
therefore associated with the narrow line: they are most likely emitted in
distant matter. The origin of the ionized line(s) is less certain, but the
solution in terms of a blend of narrow lines from photoionized matter seems to
be preferable to emission from an ionized, relativistic accretion disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99009 </DOCNO>
Another Complex Bateman Equation


  A further class of complex covariant field equations is investigated. These
equations possess several common features: they may be solved, or partially
solved in terms of implicit functional relations, they possess an infinite
number of inequivalent Lagrangians which vanish on the space of solutions of
the equations of motion, they are invariant under linear transformations of the
independent variables, and thus are signature-blind and are consequences of
first order equations of hydrodynamic type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123953 </DOCNO>
100-year Mass Loss Modulations on the Asymptotic Giant Branch


  We analyze the differences in infrared circumstellar dust emission between
oxygen rich Mira and non-Mira stars, and find that they are statistically
significant. In particular, we find that these stars segregate in the K-[12]
vs. [12]-[25] color-color diagram, and have distinct properties of the IRAS LRS
spectra, including the peak position of the silicate emission feature. We show
that the infrared emission from the majority of non-Mira stars cannot be
explained within the context of standard steady-state outflow models. The
models can be altered to fit the data for non-Mira stars by postulating
non-standard optical properties for silicate grains, or by assuming that the
dust temperature at the inner envelope radius is significantly lower (300-400
K) than typical silicate grain condensation temperatures (800-1000 K). We argue
that the latter is more probable and provide detailed model fits to the IRAS
LRS spectra for 342 stars. These fits imply that 2/3 of non-Mira stars and 1/3
of Mira stars do not have hot dust ($>$ 500 K) in their envelopes. The absence
of hot dust can be interpreted as a recent (order of 100 yr) decrease in the
mass-loss rate. The distribution of best-fit model parameters agrees with this
interpretation and strongly suggests that the mass loss resumes on similar time
scales. Such a possibility appears to be supported by a number of spatially
resolved observations (e.g. recent HST images of the multiple shells in the Egg
Nebula) and is consistent with new dynamical models for mass loss on the
Asymptotic Giant Branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124376 </DOCNO>
Deep Sky Objects and the X-ray Background


  Deep observations of the X-ray Sky have now resolved most of the X-ray
Background. Obscured active galaxies are a key component. The obscured objects
which dominate at fluxes above $10^{-15}\ergpcmsqps$ are discussed and models
in which the growth of wind-blowing active nuclei determine both black hole and
galaxy mass are presented. The power from accretion is large and can easily
influence the gas in a host galaxy, as well as heat the intergalactic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125675 </DOCNO>
Detection of a redshift 3.04 filament


  The filamentary structure of the early universe has until now only been seen
in numerical simulations. Despite this lack of direct observational evidence,
the prediction of early filamentary structure formation in a Cold Dark Matter
dominated universe has become a paradigm for our understanding of galaxy
assembly at high redshifts. Clearly observational confirmation is required.
Lyman Break galaxies are too rare to be used as tracers of filaments and we
argue that to map out filaments in the high z universe, one will need to
identify classes of objects fainter than those currently accessible via the
Lyman Break technique. Objects selected via their Ly-alpha emission, and/or as
DLA absorbers, populate the faintest accessible part of the high redshift
galaxy luminosity function, and as such make up good candidates for objects
which will map out high redshift filaments. Here we present the first direct
detection of a filament (at z=3.04) mapped by those classes of objects. The
observations are the deepest yet to have been done in Ly-alpha imaging at high
redshift, and they reveal a single string of proto-galaxies spanning about 5
Mpc (20 Mpc comoving). Expanding the cosmological test proposed by Alcock &
Paczynski (1979), we outline how observations of this type can be used to
determine Omega_Lambda at z=3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73268 </DOCNO>
Producing massive sterile neutrinos as warm Dark Matter


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors.
  This paper started with a wrong term describing elastic scattering. The
correct form of the kinetic equations for the density matrix are derived e.g.
in A. Dolgov, Yad. Fiz. 33 (1981) 1309; K. Enqvist, K. Kainulainen and J.
Maalampi, Nucl. Phys. B 349 (1991) 754; G. Sigl and G. Raffelt, Nucl. Phys. B
406 (1993) 423. When using the correct form of the kinetic equations, the
result is in good agreement with old results, A. Dolgov and S. Hansen,
hep-ph/0009083.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5021 </DOCNO>
Rate limit for photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate


  We simulate numerically the photodissociation of molecules into noncondensate
atom pairs that accompanies photoassociation of an atomic Bose-Einstein
condensate into a molecular condensate. Such rogue photodissociation sets a
limit on the achievable rate of photoassociation. Given the atom density \rho
and mass m, the limit is approximately 6\hbar\rho^{2/3}/m. At low temperatures
this is a more stringent restriction than the unitary limit of scattering
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83790 </DOCNO>
Portability of Syntactic Structure for Language Modeling


  The paper presents a study on the portability of statistical syntactic
knowledge in the framework of the structured language model (SLM). We
investigate the impact of porting SLM statistics from the Wall Street Journal
(WSJ) to the Air Travel Information System (ATIS) domain. We compare this
approach to applying the Microsoft rule-based parser (NLPwin) for the ATIS data
and to using a small amount of data manually parsed at UPenn for gathering the
intial SLM statistics. Surprisingly, despite the fact that it performs modestly
in perplexity (PPL), the model initialized on WSJ parses outperforms the other
initialization methods based on in-domain annotated data, achieving a
significant 0.4% absolute and 7% relative reduction in word error rate (WER)
over a baseline system whose word error rate is 5.8%; the improvement measured
relative to the minimum WER achievable on the N-best lists we worked with is
12%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75870 </DOCNO>
The impact of lepton-flavor violating Z' bosons on muon g-2 and other


  A lepton-flavor violating (LFV) Z' boson may mimic some of the phenomena
usually attributed to supersymmetric theories. Using a conservative model of
LFV Z' bosons, the recent BNL E821 muon g-2 deviation allows for a LFV Z'
interpretation with a boson mass up to 4.8 TeV while staying within limits set
by muon conversion, mu -> e gamma, and mu -> eee. This model is immediately
testable as one to twenty e^+e^- -> mu tau events are predicted for an analysis
of the LEP II data. Future muon conversion experiments, MECO and PRIME, are
demonstrated to have potential to probe very high boson masses with very small
charges, such as a 10 TeV boson with an e-mu charge of 10^-5. Furthermore, the
next linear collider is shown to be highly complementary with muon conversion
experiments, which are shown to provide the strictest and most relevant bounds
on LFV phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86770 </DOCNO>
The noise in gravitational-wave detectors and other classical-force


  It is shown that photon shot noise and radiation-pressure back-action noise
are the sole forms of quantum noise in interferometric gravitational-wave
detectors that operate near or below the standard quantum limit. No additional
noise arises from the quantization of the test masses, or from reduction of the
test-mass quantum state due to measurement of the interferometer output. Two
features of interferometers are central to these conclusions: (i) The
interferometer output (the photon number flux [N(t)] entering the final
photodetector) commutes with itself at different times in the Heisenberg
Picture, [N(t),N(t')] = 0, and thus can be regarded as classical. (ii) This
number flux is linear in the test-mass initial position and momentum operators
x_o and p_o, but those operators influence the measured photon flux only at the
test masses' 1-Hz pendular swinging freqency and their influence is therefore
removed when the output data are high-pass filtered to get rid of noise below
10 Hz. The test-mass operators x_o and p_o contained in the unfiltered output
N(t) make a nonzero contribution to the commutator [N(t),N(t')]. That
contribution is precisely cancelled by a nonzero commutation of the photon shot
noise and radiation-pressure noise, which also are contained in N(t). This
cancellation of commutators is responsible for the fact that it is possible to
derive an interferometer's standard quantum limit from test-mass
considerations, and independently from photon-noise considerations, and get
identically the same result. These conclusions are all true for a far wider
class of measurements than just gravitational-wave interferometers. To
elucidate them, this paper presents a series of idealized thought experiments
that are free from the complexities of real measuring systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76528 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Higher Order Effects in QCD from the Tevatron Collider


  Quantum Chromodynamics has been studied extensively at Fermilab's Tevatron
collider. Between 1992 and 1996 the D{\O}and CDF experiments, each accumulated
approximately $100 \mathrm{pb}^{-1}$ of proton-antiproton collisions at a
center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=1800 \mathrm{GeV}$ and $\sim 0.5
\mathrm{pb}^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=630 \mathrm{GeV}$. In this paper, we present
selected recent measurements of higher order effects in QCD: multiple jet
production and subjet and charged particle multiplicities in quark and gluon
jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76360 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological analysis of experimental data on eta-photoproduction on


  The results of linear regresion of differential cross sections, $\Sigma$- and
$T$-asymmetries of $\eta$-photoproduction on protons in energy region from
threshold up to 1 GeV are presented. Serious contradictions between angular
distributions measured in different laboratories are revealed. The energy
dependance of regression coefficients may be due to transition from energy
region of $S_{11}(1535)$ and $D_{13}(1520)$ to energy region of $D_{15}(1675)$
and $F_{15}(1680)$ resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149698 </DOCNO>
SUSY breaking in $S^1/Z_2$ orbifold models


  We consider the problem of supersymmetry breaking in 5 dimensional N=1
supersymmetric models with $S^1/Z_2$ compactification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96673 </DOCNO>
Piecewise linear structures on topological manifolds


  This is a survey paper where we expose the Kirby--Siebenmann results on
classification of PL structures on topological manifolds and, in particular,
the homotopy equivalence TOP/PL=K(Z/2.3) and the Hauptvermutung for manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41081 </DOCNO>
Luminosity Measurement at PEP-N


  The PEP-N experiment requires a fast on-line luminosity monitor of modest
accuracy plus an off-line method of determining integrated luminosity with
accuracy of 0.01 for each pb$^{-1}$. We propose the PEP-2 monitor, based on
observing single bremsstrahlung at zero degrees to the positron direction at
collision for the former and the use of Bhabha scatters at polar angles $>$.03
radians for the latter requirement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169403 </DOCNO>
Quantum Information Processing in Strongly Detuned Optical Cavities


  We demonstrate that quantum information processing can be implemented with
ions trapped in a far detuned optical cavity. For sufficiently large detuning
the system becomes insensitive to cavity decay. Following recent experimental
progress, this scheme can be implemented with currently available technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6474 </DOCNO>
Ultrathin epitaxial ferroelectric films grown on compressive substrates:


  The mean-field Landau-type theory is used to analyze the polarization
properties of epitaxial ferroelectric thin films grown on dissimilar cubic
substrates, which induce biaxial compressive stress in the film plane. The
intrinsic effect of the film surfaces on the spontaneous polarization is taken
into account via the concept of the extrapolation length. The theory
simultaneously allows for the influence of the misfit strain imposed on the
film lattice by a thick substrate. Numerical calculations are performed for
PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 films under an assumption of the polarization reduction in
surface layers. The film mean polarization is calculated as a function of film
thickness, temperature, and misfit strain. It is shown that the negative
intrinsic size effect is reduced in epitaxial films due to the in-plane
compression of the film lattice. At room temperature, strong reduction of the
mean polarization may take place only in ultrathin films (thickness ~ 1 nm).
Theoretical predictions are compared with the available experimental data on
polarization properties of BaTiO3 films grown on SrRuO3 coated SrTiO3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76805 </DOCNO>
$\sigma$ Meson In $J/\Psi$ Decays


  Recently BES at BEPC found evidence for the existence of the $\sigma$ meson
in the process of $J/\Psi \to \sigma\omega \to\pi\pi\omega$. In this paper we
firstly discuss the relevant coupling $g_{\sigma\pi\pi}$ and show that the
linear $\sigma$ model gives rise to a reasonable description of the $\sigma$
decay into $\pi$'s, then we calculate the coupling constant
$g^{th}_{J/\Psi\sigma\omega}$ by using the perturbative QCD technique and the
light-cone wave functions of the $\sigma$ and $\omega$ mesons. The results show
that the theoretical value of $g^{th}_{J/\Psi\sigma\omega}$ is within the range
of experimental value $g_{J/\Psi\sigma\omega}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86362 </DOCNO>
The Kretschmann scalar for 5D Vacua


  We present a streamlined calculation of the Kretschmann scalar for 5D Vacua
considered recently by Fukui et al. (gr-qc/0105112).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83689 </DOCNO>
An object evaluator to generate flexible applications


  This paper contains a brief discussion of an object evaluator which is based
on principles of evaluations in a category. The main tool system referred as
the Application Development Environment (ADE) is used to build database
applications involving the graphical user interface (GUI). The separation of a
database access and the user interface is reached by distinguishing the
potential and actual objects. The variety of applications may be generated that
communicate with different and distinct desktop databases. The commutative
diagrams' technique allows to involve retrieval and call of the delayed
procedures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96237 </DOCNO>
Equivariant deformation of Mumford curves and of ordinary curves in


  We compute the dimension of the tangent space to, and the Krull dimension of
the pro-representable hull of two deformation functors. The first one is the
``algebraic'' deformation functor of an ordinary curve X over a field of
positive charateristic with prescribed action of a finite group G, and the data
are computed in terms of the ramification behaviour of X -> G\X. The second one
is the ``analytic'' deformation functor of a fixed embedding of a finitely
generated discrete group N in PGL(2,K) over a non-archimedean valued field K,
and the data are computed in terms of the Bass-Serre representation of N via a
graph of groups. Finally, if F is a free subgroup of N such that N is contained
in the normalizer of F in PGL(2,K), then the Mumford curve associated to F
becomes equipped with an action of N/F, and we show that the algebraic functor
deforming the latter action coincides with the analytic functor deforming the
embedding of N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125854 </DOCNO>
The Stellar IMF in Very Metal-Deficient Gas


  In the context of the star formation through the fragmentation of an
extremely metal-deficient protogalactic cloud, the gravitational collapse of
filamentary gas clouds is explored with H$_2$ and HD chemistry. It is found by
1D hydrodynamical simulations that the cloud evolution is prescribed mainly by
the initial density ($n_0$) and H$_2$ abundance ($x_{\rm H_2,0}$). In
particular, it turns out that the evolution of low-density filaments ($n_0
\lesssim 10^5$ cm$^{-3}$) bifurcates at a critical H$_2$ abundance of $x_{\rm
H_2,cr}\simeq 3\times 10^{-3}$, beyond which HD cooling overwhelms H$_2$
cooling. The numerical results indicate that the stellar IMF is likely to be
double-peaked and deficient in sub-solar mass stars, where the high mass peak
of the IMF is around $10M_\odot$ or $10^2M_\odot$, dependently on the initial
density and H$_2$ abundance. If the gas in protogalactic clouds is photoionized
by UV radiation or shock-heated, the H$_2$ abundance could exceed
 $x_{\rm H_2,cr}\simeq 3\times 10^{-3}$ by H$^-$ reactions. Then, the high mass
peak would be $O(10) M_\odot$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127649 </DOCNO>
Radio Foregrounds for the 21cm Tomography of the Neutral Intergalactic


  Absorption or emission against the cosmic microwave background radiation
(CMB) may be observed in the redshifted 21cm line if the spin temperature of
the neutral intergalactic medium prior to reionization differs from the CMB
temperature. This so-called 21cm tomography should reveal important information
on the physical state of the intergalactic medium at high redshifts. The
fluctuations in the redshifted 21 cm, due to gas density inhomogeneities at
early times, should be observed at meter wavelengths by the next generation
radio telescopes such as the proposed {\it Square Kilometer Array (SKA)}. Here
we show that the extra-galactic radio sources provide a serious contamination
to the brightness temperature fluctuations expected in the redshifted 21 cm
emission from the IGM at high redshifts. Unless the radio source population
cuts off at flux levels above the planned sensitivity of SKA, its clustering
noise component will dominate the angular fluctuations in the 21 cm signal. The
integrated foreground signal is smooth in frequency space and it should
nonetheless be possible to identify the sharp spectral feature arising from the
non-uniformities in the neutral hydrogen density during the epoch when the
first UV sources reionize the intergalactic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3953 </DOCNO>
Weak Long-Ranged Casimir Attraction in Colloidal Crystals


  We investigate the influence of geometric confinement on the free energy of
an idealized model for charge-stabilized colloidal suspensions. The mean-field
Poisson-Boltzmann formulation for this system predicts pure repulsion among
macroionic colloidal spheres. Fluctuations in the simple ions' distribution
provide a mechanism for the macroions to attract each other at large
separations. Although this Casimir interaction is long-ranged, it is too weak
to influence colloidal crystals' dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128916 </DOCNO>
Tidal Interaction of M32 and NGC 205 with M31: Surface Photometry and


  We investigate the interaction history of the M31 sub-group of galaxies by
comparing surface photometry of its two nearest satellites, M32 and NGC 205,
with N-body simulations of satellite destruction. The recent discovery of a
giant stream in M31's outer halo, apparently pointed towards M32 and NGC 205,
makes such an investigation particularly relevant. The observational component
of this study is based on 1.7 x 5.0 degree B- and I- band CCD mosaic images
centered on M31 and covering both satellites. The simulation component of this
project is based on the analysis of single-component, spherical model
satellites that are tidally disrupted through interactions with their parent
galaxy. Generic features of the simulations include an excess in the surface
brightness profile at large radii, a depletion zone at intermediate radii, and
isophotal elongation and twists that are coincident with breaks in the
brightness profile. The satellites M32 and NGC 205 display most of these
features consistently across the B and I bands, strongly suggestive of tidal
interaction and probable stripping by M31. We discuss what these observed
features can tell us about the satellites' orbital parameters and histories.
Specifically, M32 is found to be on a highly eccentric orbit and away from
pericenter. Investigating M32's unusual combination of high surface brightness
and low luminosity (the hallmark of compact ellipticals), we conclude on
empirical grounds that M32 is not likely to be the residual core of a
tidally-stripped normal elliptical galaxy as has been suggested, but rather
that its precursor was intrinsically compact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73845 </DOCNO>
The explanation of unexpected temperature dependence of the muon


  It is shown that due to the smallness of the inelastic cross-section of the
$d\mu$-atoms scattering in the crystal lattice at sufficiently low temperatures
the $dd\mu$-mesomolecules formation from the upper state of the hyperfine
structure $d\mu (F=3/2)$ starts earlier than the mesoatoms thermolization. It
explains an approximate constancy of the $dd\mu$-mesomolecule formation rate in
solid deuterium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125567 </DOCNO>
Small-Scale Variations of HI Spectra from Interstellar Scintillatio


  I suggest that radio-wave scattering by the interstellar plasma, in
combination with subsonic gradients in the Doppler velocity of interstellar HI,
is responsible for the observed small-scale variation in HI absorption spectra
of pulsars. Velocity gradients on the order of 0.05 to 0.3 km/s across 1 AU can
produce the observed variations. I suggest observational tests to distinguish
between this model and the traditional picture of small-scale opacity
variations from cloudlets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123773 </DOCNO>
Disks around Hot Stars in the Trifid Nebula


  We report on mid-IR observations of the central region in the Trifid nebula,
carried out with ISOCAM in several broad-band infrared filters and in the low
resolution spectroscopic mode provided by the circular variable filter.
Analysis of the emission indicates the presence of a hot dust component (500 to
1000 K) and a warm dust component at lower temperatures (150-200 K) around
several members of the cluster exciting the HII region, and other stars
undetected at optical wavelengths. Complementary VLA observations suggest that
the mid-IR emission could arise from a dust cocoon or a circumstellar disk,
evaporated under the ionization of the central source and the exciting star of
the nebula. In several sources the $9.7\mu m$ silicate band is seen in
emission. One young stellar source shows indications of crystalline silicates
in the circumstellar dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5534 </DOCNO>
Kosterlitz-Thouless Universality in a Fermionic System


  A new extension of the attractive Hubbard model is constructed to study the
critical behavior near a finite temperature superconducting phase transition in
two dimensions using the recently developed meron-cluster algorithm. Unlike
previous calculations in the attractive Hubbard model which were limited to
small lattices, the new algorithm is used to study the critical behavior on
lattices as large as $128\times 128$. These precise results for the first time
show that a fermionic system can undergo a finite temperature phase transition
whose critical behavior is well described by the predictions of Kosterlitz and
Thouless almost three decades ago. In particular it is confirmed that the
spatial winding number susceptibility obeys the well known predictions of
finite size scaling for $T<T_c$ and up to logarithmic corrections the pair
susceptibility scales as $L^{2-\eta}$ at large volumes with $0\leq\eta\leq
0.25$ for $0\leq T\leq T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6602 </DOCNO>
Landau Levels in the noncommutative $AdS_2$


  We formulate the Landau problem in the context of the noncommutative analog
of a surface of constant negative curvature, that is $AdS_2$ surface, and
obtain the spectrum and contrast the same with the Landau levels one finds in
the case of the commutative $AdS_2$ space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75210 </DOCNO>
Detecting Exotic Heavy Leptons at the Large Hadron Collider


  New almost-degenerate charged and neutral heavy leptons are a feature of a
number of theories of physics beyond the Standard Model. The prospects for
detecting these at the Large Hadron Collider using a time-of-flight technique
are considered, along with any cosmological or experimental constraints on
their masses. Based on a discovery criterion of 10 detected exotic leptons we
conclude that, with an integrated luminosity of 100 fb-1, it should be possible
to detect such leptons provided their masses are less than 950 GeV. It should
also be possible to use the angular distribution of the produced particles to
distinguish these exotic leptons from supersymmetric scalar leptons, at a
better than 90% confidence level, for masses up to 580 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98501 </DOCNO>
Rational homology of spaces of complex monic polynomials with multiple


  We study rational homology groups of one-point compactifications of spaces of
complex monic polynomials with multiple roots. These spaces are indexed by
number partitions. A standard reformulation in terms of quotients of orbit
arrangements reduces the problem to studying certain triangulated spaces
$X_{\lambda,\mu}$.
  We present a combinatorial description of the cell structure of
$X_{\lambda,\mu}$ using the language of marked forests. As applications we
obtain a new proof of a theorem of Arnold and a counterexample to a conjecture
of Sundaram and Welker, along with a few other smaller results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98388 </DOCNO>
A positive dimensional family of ACM bundles on the quintic threefold


  In this note, by a careful reading of \cite{BGS}, an uncountable set of rank
$8=2^3$ ACM bundles on a general hypersurface $X_r$ of degree at least 3 in
$\Pj^4$ is found. In \cite{Ma4} all rank 2 ACM's are showed to be rigid on the
quintic $X_5$, and positive dimensional families of rank 4 ACM's can be
constructed by mean of extensions of rank 2 ones. So naturally arise the
question on the rank 3 case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5593 </DOCNO>
Isotopic effects of hydrogen adsorption in carbon nanotubes


  We present diffusion Monte Carlo calculations of D$_2$ adsorbed inside a
narrow carbon nanotube. The 1D D$_2$ equation of state is reported, and the
one-dimensional character of the adsorbed D$_2$ is analyzed. The isotopic
dependence of the constitutive properties of the quantum fluid are studied by
comparing D$_2$ and H$_2$. Quantum effects due to their different masses are
observed both in the energetic and the structural properties. The influence of
the interatomic potential in one-dimensional systems is also studied by
comparing the properties of D$_2$ and $^4$He which have nearly the same mass
but a sizeably different potential. The physics of molecular hydrogen adsorbed
in the interstitial channels of a bundle of nanotubes is analyzed by means of
both a diffusion Monte Carlo calculation and an approximate mean field method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72973 </DOCNO>
Early-universe constraints on a time-varying fine structure constant


  Higher-dimensional theories have the remarkable feature of predicting a time
(and hence redshift) dependence of the `fundamental' four dimensional constants
on cosmological timescales. In this paper we update the bounds on a possible
variation of the fine structure constant alpha at the time of BBN (z =10^10)
and CMB (z=10^3). Using the recently-released high-resolution CMB anisotropy
data and the latest estimates of primordial abundances of 4He and D, we do not
find evidence for a varying alpha at more than one-sigma level at either epoch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 449 </DOCNO>
Approach to the metal-insulator transition in La(1-x)CaxMnO3 (0<x<.2):


  We describe the evolution of the static and dynamic spin correlations of
La$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$, for x=0.1, 0.125 and 0.2, where the system evolves
from the canted magnetic state towards the insulating ferromagnetic state,
approaching the metallic transition (x=0.22).
 In the x=0.1 sample, the observation of two spin wave branches typical of two
distinct types of magnetic coupling, and of a modulation in the elastic diffuse
scattering characteristic of ferromagnetic inhomogeneities, confirms the static
and dynamic inhomogeneous features previously observed at x$<$0.1. The
anisotropic q-dependence of the intensity of the low-energy spin wave suggests
a bidimensionnal character for the static inhomogeneities. At x=0.125, which
corresponds to the occurence of a ferromagnetic and insulating state, the two
spin wave branches reduce to a single one, but anisotropic. At this
concentration, an anomaly appears at {\bf q$_0$}=(1.25,1.25,0), that could be
related to an underlying periodicity, as arising from (1.5,1.5,0)
superstructures.
 At x=0.2, the spin-wave branch is isotropic. In addition to the anomaly
observed at q$_0$, extra magnetic excitations are observed at larger q, forming
an optical branch. The two dispersion curves suggest an anti-crossing behavior
at some {\bf q$_0$'} value, which could be explained by a folding due to an
underlying perodicity involving four cubic lattice spacings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168752 </DOCNO>
On the local unitary equivalence of states of multi-partite systems


  Two pure states of a multi-partite system are alway are related by a unitary
transformation acting on the Hilbert space of the whole system. This
transformation involves multi-partite transformations. On the other hand some
quantum information protocols such as the quantum teleportation and quantum
dense coding are based on equivalence of some classes of states of bi-partite
systems under the action of local (one-particle) unitary operations. In this
paper we address the question: ``Under what conditions are the two states
states, $\varrho$ and $\sigma$, of a multi-partite system locally unitary
equivalent?'' We present a set of conditions which have to be satisfied in
order that the two states are locally unitary equivalent. In addition, we study
whether it is possible to prepare a state of a multi-qudit system. which is
divided into two parts A and B, by unitary operations acting only on the
systems A and B, separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76938 </DOCNO>
Brane-World Multigravity


  In this thesis, we discuss the idea of multigravity, namely the possibility
that a significant component of gravity that we feel at intermediate distances
(1 mm < r < 10^26 cm) is due to massive but ultralight gravitons. We
demonstrate how this phenomenon can be realized in brane-world models in a
spacetime with more than four dimensions and discuss how modifications of
gravity at cosmological scales emerge as a consequence. Firstly, we consider
five dimensional multigravity models with flat branes. We see how the existence
of freely moving negative tension branes gives rise to ultralight graviton
Kaluza-Klein states. Secondly, we study the moduli corresponding to the
position of the branes and the size of the extra dimension, the radions and the
dilaton respectively. We show that the radions corresponding to negative
tension branes have wrong sign kinetic term. We also derive a stabilization
condition for the dilaton in a brane model with general bulk scalar field
dynamics. Thirdly, we show how we can reproduce the five dimensional
multigravity models with Anti-de Sitter branes of positive tension only.
Moreover, we demonstrate how the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity can be
circumvented at tree level in Anti-de Sitter space. Finally, we discuss how the
above multigravity models can be replicated in six dimensions with flat
positive tension branes. This last possibility is the first theoretically and
phenomenologically viable realization of the multigravity scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76893 </DOCNO>
Dissociation of Heavy Quarkonia in the Quark-Gluon Plasma


  Using a temperature-dependent potential obtained from lattice gauge
calculations, we study the stability of heavy quarkonia in the quark-gluon
plasma. We find that only the Upsilon(1S) and the eta_b(1S) are bound in the
quark-gluon plasma, and have a small binding energy. The quark-gluon plasma may
be revealed by an Upsilon(1S) dilepton peak with an invariant mass close to
twice the current b quark mass, which is lower than the Upsilon(1S) mass in
free space. The quarkonia Upsilon(1S) and eta_b(1S) can dissociate by collision
with quarks and gluons in the quark-gluon plasma. We evaluate the dissociation
cross section of the Upsilon(1S) due to gluon absorption. The Upsilon(1S) and
the eta_b(1S) can also dissociate spontaneously at temperatures above the
dissociation temperature 1.11T_c, where T_c is the quark-gluon plasma phase
transition temperature. At temperatures slightly above the dissociation
temperature these states appear as resonances, which provides another signature
for the quark-gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128965 </DOCNO>
Effects of Strong Magnetic Fields in Strange Baryonic Matter


  We investigate the effects of very strong magnetic fields upon the equation
of state of dense bayonic matter in which hyperons are present. In the presence
of a magnetic field, the equation of state above nuclear density is
significantly affected both by Landau quantization and magnetic moment
interactions, but only for field strengths $B>5\times10^{18}$ G. The former
tends to soften the EOS and increase proton and lepton abundances, while the
latter produces an overall stiffening of the EOS. Each results in a supression
of hyperons relative to the field-free case. The structure of a neutron star
is, however, primarily determined by the magnetic field stress. We utilize
existing general relativistic magneto-hydrostatic calculations to demonstrate
that maximum average fields within a stable neutron are limited to values $B\le
1-3 \times10^{18}$ G. This is not large enough to significantly influence
particle compositions or the matter pressure, unless fluctuations dominate the
average field strengths in the interior or configurations with significantly
larger field gradients are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125414 </DOCNO>
Milliarcsecond structure of methanol masers in L1206 and GL2789


  We report results of EVN interferometric study of two star-forming regions
L1206 and GL2789 in the brightest methanol maser line at 6.7 GHz. Using
measured absolute positions both methanol masers were identified with
protostars which are sources of bipolar outflows. Both masers consist of
several maser spots, with some of them being aligned in a linear structure with
velocity gradient probably delineating edge-on circumstellar disks. We
estimated the radii of such disks to be 140 AU and 280 AU (or 700 AU for the
whole structure treated as a disk) for L1206 and GL2789 respectively. The
brightness temperatures of the most intense features in L1206 and GL2789 are at
least 1.1x10^10 K and 1.4x10^9 K respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74786 </DOCNO>
A New Approach To The Hierarchy Problem


  We argue that identifying the electroweak Higgs particle with the extra
components of the gauge field in $4+d$ dimensions provides a solution to the
hierarchy problem. The absence of ultraviolate quadratic divergences is due to
the fact that the Higgs mass is protected by an exact gauge symmetry at
energies beyond the cutoff. The idea is implemented within explicit models
which also provide a link between fermion chirality and electroweak symmetry
breaking in four dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168072 </DOCNO>
Generalized Weyl-Wigner map and Vey quantum mechanics


  The Weyl-Wigner map yields the entire structure of Moyal quantum mechanics
directly from the standard operator formulation. The covariant generalization
of Moyal theory, also known as Vey quantum mechanics, was presented in the
literature many years ago. However, a derivation of the formalism directly from
standard operator quantum mechanics, clarifying the relation between the two
formulations is still missing. In this paper we present a covariant
generalization of the Weyl order prescription and of the Weyl-Wigner map and
use them to derive Vey quantum mechanics directly from the standard operator
formulation. The procedure displays some interesting features: it yields all
the key ingredients and provides a more straightforward interpretation of the
Vey theory including a direct implementation of unitary operator
transformations as phase space coordinate transformations in the Vey idiom.
These features are illustrated through a simple example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128147 </DOCNO>
Models for the UV-X emission in AGN : influence of different parameters


  We present the results of computations performed with a new
photoionisation-transfer code designed for hot Compton thick media. Presently
the code solves the transfer of the continuum with the Accelerated Lambda
Iteration method (ALI) and that of the lines in a two stream Eddington
approximation, without using the local escape probability formalism to
approximate the line transfer. We show the influence that the approximations
made in the treatment of the transfer and of the atomic data can have on the
broad band UV-X spectrum and on the detailed spectral features (X-ray lines and
ionization edges) emitted/absorbed by an X-ray irradiated medium. This transfer
code is coupled with a Monte Carlo code which allows to take into account
direct and inverse Compton diffusions, and to compute the spectrum emitted up
to hundreds of keV energies. The influence of a few physical parameters is
shown, and the importance of the density and pressure distribution (constant
density, pressure equilibrium) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86904 </DOCNO>
Adaptive thermal compensation of test masses in advanced LIGO


  As the first generation of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors
near operation, research and development has begun on increasing the
instrument's sensitivity while utilizing the existing infrastructure. In the
Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), significant
improvements are being planned for installation in ~2007, increasing strain
sensitivity through improved suspensions and test mass substrates, active
seismic isolation, and higher input laser power. Even with the highest quality
optics available today, however, finite absorption of laser power within
transmissive optics, coupled with the tremendous amount of optical power
circulating in various parts of the interferometer, result in critical
wavefront deformations which would cripple the performance of the instrument.
Discussed is a method of active wavefront correction via direct thermal
actuation on optical elements of the interferometer. A simple nichrome heating
element suspended off the face of an affected optic will, through radiative
heating, remove the gross axisymmetric part of the original thermal distortion.
A scanning heating laser will then be used to remove any remaining
non-axisymmetric wavefront distortion, generated by inhomogeneities in the
substrate's absorption, thermal conductivity, etc. A proof-of-principle
experiment has been constructed at MIT, selected data of which are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87214 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Wave Induced Vibrations of Slender Structures in Space


  This paper explores the interaction of weak gravitational fields with slender
elastic materials in space and estimates their sensitivities for the detection
of gravitational waves with frequencies between $10^{-4}$ and 1 Hz. The dynamic
behaviour of such slender structures is ideally suited to analysis by the
simple theory of Cosserat rods. Such a description offers a clean conceptual
separation of the vibrations induced by bending, shear, twist and extension and
the response to gravitational tidal accelerations can be reliably estimated in
terms of the constitutive properties of the structure. The sensitivity
estimates are based on a truncation of the theory in the presence of thermally
induced homogeneous Gaussian stochastic forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148730 </DOCNO>
Relating the RNS and Pure Spinor Formalisms for the Superstring


  Recently, the superstring was covariantly quantized using the BRST-like
operator $Q = \oint \lambda^\alpha d_\alpha$ where $\lambda^\alpha$ is a pure
spinor and $d_\alpha$ are the fermionic Green-Schwarz constraints. By
performing a field redefinition and a similarity transformation, this BRST-like
operator is mapped to the sum of the Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz BRST operator and
$\eta_0$ ghost. This map is then used to relate physical vertex operators and
tree amplitudes in the two formalisms. Furthermore, the map implies the
existence of a $b$ ghost in the pure spinor formalism which might be useful for
loop amplitude computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174808 </DOCNO>
Measurements of ultracold neutron lifetimes in solid deuterium


  We present the first measurements of the survival time of ultracold neutrons
(UCNs) in solid deuterium SD2. This critical parameter provides a fundamental
limitation to the effectiveness of superthermal UCN sources that utilize solid
ortho-deuterium as the source material. Superthermal UCN sources offer orders
of magnitude improvement in the available densities of UCNs, and are of great
importance to fundamental particle-physics experiments such as searches for a
static electric dipole moment and lifetime measurements of the free neutron.
These measurements are performed utilizing a SD2 source coupled to a spallation
source of neutrons, providing a demonstration of UCN production in this
geometry and permitting systematic studies of the influence of thermal
up-scatter and contamination with para-deuterium on the UCN survival time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148103 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Gauge Theory on Fuzzy Sphere from Matrix Model


  We derive a noncommutative U(1) and U(n) gauge theory on the fuzzy sphere
from a three dimensional matrix model by expanding the model around a classical
solution of the fuzzy sphere. Chern-Simons term is added in the matrix model to
make the fuzzy sphere as a classical solution of the model. Majorana mass term
is also added to make it supersymmetric. We consider two large $N$ limits, one
corresponding to a gauge theory on a commutative sphere and the other to that
on a noncommutative plane. We also investigate stability of the fuzzy sphere by
calculating one-loop effective action around classical solutions. In the final
part of this paper, we consider another matrix model which gives a
supersymmetric gauge theory on the fuzzy sphere. In this matrix model, only
Chern-Simons term is added and supersymmetry transformation is modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128346 </DOCNO>
Revised analysis of the supersoft X-ray phase, helium enrichment, and


  The recurrent nova CI Aquilae entered the final decline phase a bit before
May of 2001, showing the slowest evolution among the recurrent novae. Based on
the optically thick wind mass-loss theory of the thermonuclear runaway model,
we have estimated the turn-off time of the CI Aql 2000 outburst in March of
2001, after a supersoft X-ray source (SSS) phase lasts 150 days from December
of 2000 until May of 2001. Fitting our theoretical light curves with both the
1917 and 2000 outbursts, we also obtained the WD mass to be M_{WD}= 1.2 \pm
0.05 M_\sun, helium enrichment of ejecta, He/H ~ 0.5 by number, the mass of the
hydrogen-rich envelope on the WD of \Delta M ~ 6 x 10^{-6} M_\sun at the
optical maximum, which is indicating an average mass accretion rate of \dot
M_{acc} ~ 0.8 x 10^{-7} M_\sun yr^{-1} during the quiescent phase between the
1917 and 2000 outbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168914 </DOCNO>
Computational model underlying the one-way quantum computer


  In this paper we present the computational model underlying the one-way
quantum computer which we introduced recently [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5188
(2001)]. The one-way quantum computer has the property that any quantum logic
network can be simulated on it. Conversely, not all ways of quantum information
processing that are possible with the one-way quantum computer can be
understood properly in network model terms. We show that the logical depth is,
for certain algorithms, lower than has so far been known for networks. For
example, every quantum circuit in the Clifford group can be performed on the
one-way quantum computer in a single step.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4422 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Properties of a Pressure-induced Superconductor UGe$_2$


  We performed the DC-magnetization and neutron scattering experiments under
pressure {\it P} for a pressure-induced superconductor UGe$_2$. We found that
the magnetic moment is enhanced at a characteristic temperature {\it T}$^{*}$
in the ferromagnetic state, where {\it T}$^{*}$ is smaller than a Curie
temperature {\it T}$_{\rm C}$. This enhancement becomes remarkable in the
vicinity of {\it P}$_{\rm C}^{*}$ = 1.20 GPa, where {\it T}$^{*}$ becomes 0 K
and the superconducting transition temperature {\it T}$_{\rm SC}$ shows a
maximum. The characteristic temperature {\it T}$^{*}$, which decreases with
increasing pressure, also depends on the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1828 </DOCNO>
Quantum groups and nonabelian braiding in quantum Hall systems


  Wave functions describing quasiholes and electrons in nonabelian quantum Hall
states are well known to correspond to conformal blocks of certain coset
conformal field theories. In this paper we explicitly analyse the algebraic
structure underlying the braiding properties of these conformal blocks. We
treat the electrons and the quasihole excitations as localised particles
carrying charges related to a quantum group that is determined explicitly for
the cases of interest. The quantum group description naturally allows one to
analyse the braid group representations carried by the multi-particle wave
functions. As an application, we construct the nonabelian braid group
representations which govern the exchange of quasiholes in the fractional
quantum Hall effect states that have been proposed by N. Read and E. Rezayi,
recovering the results of C. Nayak and F. Wilczek for the Pfaffian state as a
special case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3133 </DOCNO>
Kondo Effect in Quantum Dots Coupled to Luttinger Liquid Leads


  We consider the Kondo effect in quantum dots coupled to Luttinger liquid
leads, focussing on the case of repulsive interactions and spin SU(2) symmetry
in the leads. We find that the system can flow to the 1-channel or 2-channel
Kondo fixed points, depending on the interactions in the system. We compute the
conductance and find that the qualitative behavior is strongly dependent on the
interactions. Finally, we point out a consequence of 2-channel Kondo physics,
which should be observable in thermal conductance measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72981 </DOCNO>
TeV Neutrinos and GeV Photons from Shock Breakout in Supernovae


  We show that as a Type II supernova shock breaks out of its progenitor star,
it becomes collisionless and may accelerate protons to energies >10 TeV.
Inelastic nuclear collisions of these protons produce a ~1 hr long flash of TeV
neutrinos and 10 GeV photons, about 10 hr after the thermal (10 MeV) neutrino
burst from the cooling neutron star. A Galactic supernova in a red supergiant
star would produce a photon and neutrino flux of ~10^{-4} erg/cm^2 s. A km^2
neutrino detector will detect ~100 muons, thus allowing to constrain both
supernova models and neutrino properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149234 </DOCNO>
Teleparallel Complex Gravity as Foundation for Noncommutative Gravity


  We present a teleparallel complex gravity as the foundation for the
formulation of noncommutative gravity theory. The negative energy ghosts in the
conventional formulation with U(1,3) local Lorentz connection no longer exists,
since the local Lorentz invariance is broken down to U(1,3) global Lorentz
symmetry. As desired, our teleparallel complex gravity theory also passes the
key classical test of perihelion advance of Mercury. Based on this result, we
present a lagrangian for the noncommutative teleparallel gravity theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41617 </DOCNO>
Hyperon photo- and electroproduction at CLAS


  The large acceptance and high multiplicity capabilities of the CLAS detector
make it possible to study a wide range of previously unmeasured strange baryon
production processes. Studies of the decay angular distributions of
electroproduced strange baryons have yielded several interesting new results.
The $\Lambda$(1520) electroproduction decay angular distributions shed light on
the spin projections of the $\Lambda$(1520). Analysis of the decay angular
distributions of the weakly decaying $\Lambda$(1116) have revealed the induced
baryon polarization due to unpolarized incident electron beams. In addition to
these topics, other features of the CLAS strange baryon program, such as
photoproduction and virtual photon L-T decompositions, are also briefly
summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127591 </DOCNO>
Changes in the trajectory of the radio jet in 0735+178?


  We present multi-epoch 8.4 and 43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array images of the
BL Lac object 0735+178. The images confirm the presence of a twisted jet with
two sharp apparent bends of 90$^{\circ}$ within two milliarcseconds of the
core, resembling a helix in projection. The observed twisted geometry could be
the result of precession of the jet inlet, but is more likely produced by
pressure gradients in the external medium through which the jet propagates.
Quasi-stationary components are observed at the locations of the 90$^{\circ}$
bends, possibly produced by differential Doppler boosting. Identification of
components across epochs, since the earliest VLBI observations of this source
in 1979.2, proves difficult due to the sometimes large time gaps between
observations. One possible identification suggests the existence of
superluminal components following non--ballistic trajectories with velocities
up to $11.6\pm 0.6 h_{65}^{-1} c$. However, in images obtained after mid-1995,
components show a remarkable tendency to cluster near several jet positions,
suggesting a different scenario in which components have remained nearly
stationary in time at least since mid-1995. Comparison with the earlier
published data, covering more than 19 years of observations, suggests a
striking qualitative change in the jet trajectory sometime between mid-1992 and
mid-1995, with the twisted jet structure with stationary components becoming
apparent only at the later epochs. This would require a re-evaluation of the
physical parameters estimated for 0735+178, such as the observing viewing
angle, the plasma bulk Lorentz factor, and those deduced from these.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98138 </DOCNO>
A C^2-smooth counterexample to the Hamiltonian Seifert conjecture in R^4


  We give a detailed construction of a proper C^2-smooth function on R^4 such
that its Hamiltonian flow has no periodic orbits on at least one regular level
set. This result can be viewed as a C^2-smooth counterexample to the
Hamiltonian Seifert conjecture in dimension four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179562 </DOCNO>
Local Density Approximation for Pairing Correlations in Nuclei


  We introduce a natural and simple to implement renormalization scheme of the
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) equations for the case of zero range pairing
interaction. This renormalization scheme proves to be equivalent to a simple
energy cut-off with a position or density dependent running coupling constant.
Subsequently, we present self-consistent HFB calculations with a full
consideration of the continuum of long chains of spherical tin and lead nuclei
(essentially from one drip line to another) using the SLy5 interaction. In the
pairing channel we use a zero range interaction, treated by means of this new
regularization scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148280 </DOCNO>
Wilsonian effective action for SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with


  The Cho-Faddeev-Niemi-Shabanov decomposition of the SU(2) Yang-Mills field is
employed for the calculation of the corresponding Wilsonian effective action to
one-loop order with covariant gauge fixing. The generation of a mass scale is
observed, and the flow of the marginal couplings is studied. Our results
indicate that higher-derivative terms of the color-unit-vector $\mathbf{n}$
field are necessary for the description of topologically stable knotlike
solitons which have been conjectured to be the large-distance degrees of
freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126707 </DOCNO>
Identification of the LMXB and Faint X-ray Sources in NGC 6652


  We have detected three new x-ray point sources, in addition to the known
low-mass x-ray binary (LMXB) X1832-330, in the globular cluster NGC 6652 with a
Chandra 1.6 ksec HRC-I exposure. Star 49 (M_{V}~4.7), suggested by Deutsch et
al.(1998) as the optical candidate for the LMXB, is identified (<0.3") not with
the LMXB, but with another, newly detected source (B). Using archival HST
images, we identify (<0.3") the LMXB (A) and one of the remaining new sources
(C) with blue variable optical counterparts at M_{V}~3.7 and 5.3 respectively.
The other new source (D) remains unidentified in the crowded cluster core. In
the 0.5-2.5 keV range, assuming a 5 keV thermal bremsstrahlung spectrum and
N_{H}=5.5*10^{20}, source A has intrinsic luminosity L_{X}~5.3*10^{35} ergs/s.
Assuming a 1 keV thermal bremsstrahlung spectrum, B has L_{X}~4.1*10^{33}
ergs/s, while C and D have L_{X}~8*10^{32}$ ergs/s. Source B is probably a
quiescent LMXB, while source C may be either a luminous CV or quiescent LMXB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126639 </DOCNO>
The Reddest Quasars


  In a survey of quasar candidates selected by matching the FIRST and 2MASS
catalogs, we have found two extraordinarily red quasars. FIRST J013435.7-093102
is a 1 Jy source at z=2.216 and has B-K > 10, while FIRST J073820.1+275045 is a
2.5 mJy source at z=1.985 with B-K = 8.4. FIRST J073820.1+275045 has strong
absorption lines of MgII and CIV in the rest frame of the quasar and is highly
polarized in the rest frame ultraviolet, strongly favoring the interpretation
that its red spectral energy distribution is caused by dust reddening local to
the quasar. FIRST J073820.1+275045 is thus one of the few low radio-luminosity,
highly dust-reddened quasars known. The available observational evidence for
FIRST J013435.7-093102 leads us to conclude that it too is reddened by dust. We
show that FIRST J013435.7-093102 is gravitationally lensed, increasing the
number of known lensed, extremely dust-reddened quasars to at least three,
including MG0414-0534 and PKS1830-211. We discuss the implications of whether
these objects are reddened by dust in the host or lensing galaxies. If reddened
by their local environment, then we estimate that between 10 and 20% of the
radio-loud quasar population is reddened by dust in the host galaxy. The
discovery of FIRST J073820.1+275045 and objects now emerging from X-ray surveys
suggests the existence of an analogous radio-quiet red quasar population. Such
objects will be entirely missed by standard radio or optical quasar surveys. If
dust in the lensing galaxies is primarily responsible for the extreme redness
of the lensed quasars, then an untold number of gravitationally lensed quasars
are being overlooked.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148856 </DOCNO>
Extended observables in theories with constraints


  In a classical Hamiltonian theory with second class constraints the phase
space functions on the constraint surface are observables. We give general
formulas for extended observables, which are expressions representing the
observables in the enveloping unconstrained phase space. These expressions
satisfy in the unconstrained phase space a Poisson algebra of the same form as
the Dirac bracket algebra of the observables on the constraint surface. The
general formulas involve new differential operators that differentiate the
Dirac bracket. Similar extended observables are also constructed for theories
with first class constraints which, however, are gauge dependent. For such
theories one may also construct gauge invariant extensions with similar
properties. Whenever extended observables exist the theory is expected to allow
for a covariant quantization. A mapping procedure is proposed for covariant
quantization of theories with second class constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4375 </DOCNO>
Quantized vortices in mixed 3He-4He drops


  Using density functional theory, we investigate the structure of mixed
$^3$He$_{N_3}$-$^4$He$_{N_4}$ droplets with an embedded impurity (Xe atom or
HCN molecule) which pins a quantized vortex line. We find that the
dopant+vortex+$^4$He$_{N_4}$ complex, which in a previous work [F. Dalfovo {\it
et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 1028 (2000)] was found to be energetically
stable below a critical size $N_{\rm cr}$, is robust against the addition of
$^3$He. While $^3$He atoms are distributed along the vortex line and on the
surface of the $^4$He drop, the impurity is mostly coated by $^4$He atoms.
Results for $N_4=500$ and a number of $^3$He atoms ranging from 0 to 100 are
presented, and the binding energy of the dopant to the vortex line is
determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126113 </DOCNO>
Study of corrections to the dust model via perturbation theory


  The Eulerian perturbation theory is applied to a recently proposed model of
structure formation by gravitational instability (Dominguez 2000). It is
characterized by a systematic treatment of the corrections to the dust model,
thus allowing to overcome some limitations of the latter. The corrections
naturally incorporate the generation of vorticity by tidal forces. To first
nonlinear order and Gaussian initial conditions with power spectrum P(k) k^n,
it is predicted to be particularly intense if n>1/2. The skewness of the
density contrast is also computed perturbationally and compared with the dust
prediction. The corrections to dust feature a dynamically relevant length scale
L, different from the nonlinear scale r_0 (at which <delta^2> = 1) and
estimated to be L/r_0 ~ 0.1. A physical interpretation of the corrections is
proposed, which suggests this new scale to be closely related to the typical
size of the most recently formed virialized structures. It is discussed how
this scale may work as a physically meaningful short-distance cutoff for the
divergences appearing in the perturbation expansion of the dust model when the
index n is too large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125546 </DOCNO>
Clusters of Galaxies as Standard Candles for Global Observational


  As the largest gravitationally collapsed objects, and as objects with a
relatively low space density, clusters of galaxies offer one of the best sets
of standard candles for trying to measure basic cosmological parameters such as
the injectivity diameter 2r_{inj} (the shortest distance between two
topologically lensed images of any object, e.g. cluster) and the out-diameter
2r_{+} (the maximum `size' of the Universe). Present constraints indicate that
either of these may be smaller or larger than the horizon diameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96223 </DOCNO>
Properties of Hurwitz Equivalence in the Braid Group of Order n


  In this paper we prove certain Hurwitz equivalence properties in $B_n$. Our
main result is that every two Artin's factorizations of $\Delta_n ^2$ of the
form $H_{i_1} ... H_{i_{n(n-1)}}, \quad F_{j_1} ... F_{j_{n(n-1)}}$ (with $i_k,
j_k \in \{1,...,n-1 \}$), where $\{H_1,...,H_{n-1} \}, \{F_1,...,F_{n-1} \}$
are frames, are Hurwitz equivalent. This theorem is a generalization of the
theorem we have proved in \cite{Tz}, using an algebraic approach unlike the
proof in \cite{Tz} which is geometric. The application of the result is applied
to the classification of algebraic surfaces up to deformation. It is already
known that there exist surfaces that are diffeomorphic to each other but are
not deformations of each other (Manetti example). We construct a new invariant
based on a Hurwitz equivalence class of factorization, to distinguish among
diffeomorphic surfaces which are not deformations of each other. The precise
definition of the new invariant can be found in \cite{KuTe} or \cite{Te}. The
main result of this paper will help us to compute the new invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1686 </DOCNO>
Unusual magnetic relaxation behavior in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 and


  We have carried out a systematic magnetic relaxation study, measured after
applying and switching off a 5 T magnetic field to polycrystalline samples of
La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 and Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3. The long time logarithmic relaxation rate
(LTLRR), decreased from 10 K to 150 K and increased from 150 K to 195 K in
La0.5Ca0.5MnO3. This change in behavior was found to be related to the complete
suppression of the antiferromagnetic phase above 150 K and in the presence of a
5 T magnetic field. At 195 K, the magnetization first decreased, and after a
few minutes increased slowly as a function of time. Moreover, between 200 K and
245 K, the magnetization increased throughout the measured time span. The
change in the slope of the curves, from negative to positive at about 200 K was
found to be related to the suppression of antiferromagnetic fluctuations in
small magnetic fields. A similar temperature dependence of the LTLRR was found
for the Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 sample. However, the temperature where the LTLRR reached
the minimum in Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 was lower than that of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3. This
result agrees with the stronger ferromagnetic interactions that exist in
Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 in comparison to La0.5Ca0.5MnO3. The above measurements
suggested that the general temperature dependence of the LTLRR and the
underlying physics were mainly independent of the particular charge ordering
system considered. All relaxation curves could be fitted using a logarithmic
law at long times. This slow relaxation was attributed to the coexistence of
ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions between Mn ions, which
produced a distribution of energy barriers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98796 </DOCNO>
The obstruction to excision in K-theory and in cyclic homology


  Let $f:A \to B$ be a ring homomorphism of not necessarily unital rings and
$I\triangleleft A$ an ideal which is mapped by f isomorphically to an ideal of
B. The obstruction to excision in K-theory is the failure of the map between
relative K-groups $K_*(A:I) \to K_*(B:f(I))$ to be an isomorphism; it is
measured by the birelative groups $K_*(A,B:I)$. We show that these are
rationally isomorphic to the corresponding birelative groups for cyclic
homology up to a dimension shift. In the particular case when A and B are
$\Q$-algebras we obtain an integral isomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114311 </DOCNO>
On the Use of CORBA in High Level Software Applications at the SLS


  Beam dynamics applications at the Swiss Light Source (SLS) have benefitted
from a distributed computing environment in which the Common Object Request
Broker Architecture (CORBA) forms the middleware layer and access point to
several different software components.A suite of remote CORBA server objects
provides the client with a convenient and uniform interface to the CDEV (Common
DEVice) controls library, the TRACY accelerator physics package, the Oracle
database, and en event logging facility. Use is made of methods provided by the
CORBA Portable Object Adaptor for accessing ORB functions, such as object
activation and object persistence, the Implementation Repository for the
automatic reactivation of servers, and the CORBA Event Service for the
propagation of controls and physics data. An account of the CORBA framework, as
used by applications in the commissioning and first operation of the SLS, is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126243 </DOCNO>
Self-Absorption of Ionizing Radiation and Extended Lyman Alpha Emission


  We calculate the neutral hydrogen column density of self-absorption in QSOs
predicted in a model where the QSOs are located in the same halos that contain
the gas in damped Lya absorption systems. The model is parameterized by the
probability P_0 that any halo has an active QSO. We assume that the QSOs ionize
the gas, but do not expel or heat it. The derived HI column densities produce
negligible Lyman limit absorption, even in the lowest luminosity QSOs, with an
optical depth of only ~ 10% for luminosity L=0.01 L_*, when P_0=10^{-2}. We
also compute the HeII Lyman limit self-absorption, which is slightly higher but
still negligible. The self-absorption can be higher if the gas is highly
clumped; only in this case the overall emissivity from QSOs could be
significantly reduced due to absorption by the known damped Lya systems, to
affect the predicted intensity of the ionizing background or the epoch of HeII
reionization. The presence of the gas associated with damped absorption systems
around QSOs could also be detected from the narrow Lya emission line, which
should have and angular extent of 0.1 to 1'' in typical high-redshift QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87168 </DOCNO>
The generality of inflation in some closed FRW models with a scalar


  The generality of inflation in closed FRW Universe is studied for the models
with a scalar field on a brane and with a complex scalar field. The results
obtained are compared with the previously known results for the model with a
scalar field and a perfect fluid. The influence of the measure chosen in the
initial condition space on the ratio of inflationary solution is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75948 </DOCNO>
Reggeon exchange from AdS/CFT


  Using the AdS/CFT correspondence in a confining backgroundand the worldline
formalism of gauge field theories,we compute scattering amplitudes with an
exchange of quark andantiquark in the $t$-channel corresponding to Reggeon
exchange. Itrequires going beyond the eikonal approximation, which was used
when studying Pomeron exchange. The wordline path integral is evaluated through
the determination of minimal surfaces and their boundaries by the saddle-point
method at large gauge coupling g^2N_c. We find a Regge behaviour with linear
Regge trajectories. The slope is related to the $q\bar q$ static potential and
is four times the Pomeronslope obtained in the same framework. A contribution
to the intercept, related to the L\"uscher term, comes from the fluctuations
around the minimal surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2843 </DOCNO>
Two-phase densification of cohesive granular aggregates


  When poured into a container, cohesive granular materials form low-density,
open granular aggregates. If pressed upon with a ram, these aggregates densify
by particle rearrangement. Here we introduce experimental evidence to the
effect that particle rearrangement is a spatially heterogeneous phenomenon,
which occurs in the form of a phase transformation between two configurational
phases of the granular aggregate. We then show that the energy landscape
associated with particle rearrangement is consistent with our interpretation of
the experimental results. Besides affording insight into the physics of the
granular state, our conclusions are relevant to many engineering processes and
natural phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98305 </DOCNO>
On the intersection forms of spin 4-manifolds bounded by spherical


  We determine the contributions of isolated singularities of spin V
4-manifolds to the index of the Dirac operator over them. From these data we
derive certain constraints on the intersection forms of spin 4-manifolds
bounded by spherical 3-manifolds, and also on the embeddings of the real
projective planes into 4-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2240 </DOCNO>
The Glass Transition of Thin Polymer Films: Some Questions, and a


  A simple and predictive model is put forward explaining the experimentally
observed substantial shift of the glass transition temperature, Tg, of
sufficiently thin polymer films. It focuses on the limit of small molecular
weight, where geometrical `finite size' effects on the chain conformation can
be ruled out. The model is based on the idea that the polymer freezes due to
memory effects in the viscoelastic eigenmodes of the film, which are affected
by the proximity of the boundaries. The elastic modulus of the polymer at the
glass transition turns out to be the only fitting parameter. Quantitative
agreement is obtained with our experimental results on short chain polystyrene
(Mw = 2 kg/mol), as well as with earlier results obtained with larger
molecules. Furthermore, the model naturally accounts for the weak dependence of
the shift of Tg upon the molecular weight. It furthermore explains why
supported films must be thinner than free standing ones to yield the same
shift, and why the latter depends upon the chemical properties of the
substrate. Generalizations for arbitrary experimental geometries are
straightforward.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114134 </DOCNO>
Alteration of Chemical Concentrations through Discreteness-Induced


  We study an autocatalytic system consisting of several interacting chemical
species. We observe a strong dependence of the concentrations of the chemicals
on the size of the system. This dependence is caused by the discrete nature of
the molecular concentrations. Two basic mechanisms responsible for them are
identified and elucidated. The relevance of the transitions to processes in
biochemical systems and in micro-reactors is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98324 </DOCNO>
Fields of definition for division algebras


  Let $A$ be a finite-dimensional division algebra containing a base field $k$
in its center $F$. We say that $A$ is defined over a subfield $F_0$ of $F$ if
$A = A_0\otimes_{F_0} F$ for some $F_0$-subalgebra $A_0$ of $A$. We show that:
(1) In many cases $A$ can be defined over a rational extension of $k$. (2) If
$A$ has odd degree $n \ge 5$, then $A$ is defined over a field $F_0$ of
transcendence degree at most $(n-1)(n-2)/2$ over $k$. (3) If $A$ is a $Z/m
\times Z/2$-crossed product for some $m \ge 2$ (and in particular, if $A$ is
any algebra of degree 4) then $A$ is Brauer equivalent to a tensor product of
two symbol algebras. Consequently, $M_m(A)$ can be defined over a field $F_0$
of transcendence degree at most 4 over $k$. (4) If $A$ has degree 4 then the
trace form of $A$ can be defined over a field $F_0$ of transcendence degree at
most 4. (In (1), (3), and (4) we assume that the center of $A$ contains certain
roots of unity.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86750 </DOCNO>
Loop quantum gravity and light propagation


  Within loop quantum gravity we construct a coarse-grained approximation for
the Einstein-Maxwell theory that yields effective Maxwell equations in flat
spacetime comprising Planck scale corrections.
  The corresponding Hamiltonian is defined as the expectation value of the
electromagnetic term in the Einstein-Maxwell Hamiltonian constraint,
regularized a la Thiemann, with respect to a would-be semiclassical state. The
resulting energy dispersion relations entail Planck scale corrections to those
in flat spacetime. Both the helicity dependent contribution of Gambini and
Pullin [GP] and, for a value of a parameter of our approximation, that of Ellis
et. al. [ELLISETAL] are recovered. The electric/magnetic asymmetry in the
regularization procedure yields nonlinearities only in the magnetic sector
which are briefly discussed. Observations of cosmological Gamma Ray Bursts
might eventually lead to the needed accuracy to study some of these quantum
gravity effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6400 </DOCNO>
Numerical analysis of the master equation


  Applied to the master equation, the usual numerical integration methods, such
as Runge-Kutta, become inefficient when the rates associated with various
transitions differ by several orders of magnitude. We introduce an integration
scheme that remains stable with much larger time increments than can be used in
standard methods. When only the stationary distribution is required, a direct
iteration method is even more rapid; this method may be extended to construct
the quasi-stationary distribution of a process with an absorbing state.
Applications to birth-and-death processes reveal gains in efficiency of two or
more orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148621 </DOCNO>
Comments on the renormalizability of the Broken Phase in Noncommutative


  We study the noncommutative $\phi^4$ theory with spontaneously broken global
O(2) symmetry in 4 dimensions. We demonstrate the renormalizability at one
loop. This does not require any choice of ordering of the fields in the
interaction terms. It involves regulating the ultraviolet and infrared
divergences in a manner consistent with the Ward identities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1714 </DOCNO>
How does the chain extension of poly (acrylic acid) scale in aqueous


  This work adresses the question of the scaling behaviour of polyelectrolytes
in solution for a realistic prototype: We show results of a combined
experimental (light scattering) and theoretical (computer simulations)
investigation of structural properties of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA).
Experimentally, we determined the molecular weight (M_W) and the hydrodynamic
radius (R_H) by static light scattering for six different PAA samples in
aqueous NaCl-containing solution (0.1-1 mol/L) of polydispersity D_P between
1.5 and 1.8. On the computational side, three different variants of a newly
developed mesoscopic force field for PAA were employed to determine R_H for
monodisperse systems of the same M_W as in the experiments. The force field
effectively incorporates atomistic information and one coarse-grained bead
corresponds to one PAA monomer. We find that R_H matches with the experimental
data for all investigated samples. The effective scaling exponent for R_H is
found to be around 0.55, which is well below its asymptotic value for good
solvents. Additionally, data for the radius of gyration (R_G) are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95479 </DOCNO>
Curvature Estimates in Asymptotically Flat Manifolds of Positive Scalar


  We consider an asymptotically flat Riemannian spin manifold of positive
scalar curvature. An inequality is derived which bounds the Riemann tensor in
terms of the total mass and quantifies in which sense curvature must become
small when the total mass tends to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149780 </DOCNO>
Exact renormalization group equation in presence of rescaling anomaly II


  Exact renormalization group techniques are applied to mass deformed N=4
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, viewed as a regularised N=2 model. The
solution of the flow equation, in the local potential approximation, reproduces
the one-loop (perturbatively exact) expression for the effective action of N=2
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, when the regularising mass, M, reaches the
value of the dynamical cutoff. One speculates about the way in which further
non-perturbative contributions (instanton effects) may be accounted for.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7333 </DOCNO>
Linking Phase-Field and Atomistic Simulations to Model Dendritic


  Even though our theoretical understanding of dendritic solidification is
relatively well developed, our current ability to model this process
quantitatively remains extremely limited. This is due to the fact that the
morphological development of dendrites depends sensitively on the degree of
anisotropy of capillary and/or kinetic properties of the solid-liquid
interface, which is not precisely known for materials of metallurgical
interest. Here we simulate the crystallization of highly undercooled nickel
melts using a computationally efficient phase-field model together with
anisotropic properties recently predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
The results are compared to experimental data and to the predictions of a
linearized solvability theory that includes both capillary and kinetic effects
at the interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124012 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Interstellar Gas toward the SMC Star Sk 108


  We discuss the interstellar absorption lines found in FUSE spectra of the
Wolf-Rayet binary Sk 108, located in the northeastern part of the main ``bar''
of the Small Magellanic Cloud. The spectra cover the wavelength range 988-1187
Angstroms, at a resolution of about 12,000 and S/N of 20--40. We use detailed
component information from higher resolution near-UV and optical spectra to
model the far-UV lines of similarly distributed species. Both the Galactic and
SMC gas toward Sk 108 seem to be predominantly neutral, though a significant
fraction of the SMC gas is ionized. The column densities of P II, S II, and Ar
I are consistent with essentially solar ratios, relative to N(Zn II), in both
the Galactic and SMC gas; the column density of N I remains somewhat uncertain.
 Molecular hydrogen is present in the Galactic gas, with properties similar to
those found in low mean density Galactic lines of sight and in the Galactic gas
toward several other LMC and SMC stars. We report a tentative detection of H_2
in the SMC gas for J = 1 and 3, with rotational level populations consistent
with an excitation temperature of order 1000 K -- similar to the H_2 found in
diffuse Galactic gas toward zeta Pup. Strong absorption from N III, S III, and
Fe III has revealed a significant ionized component, particularly in the SMC; O
VI is present, but relatively weak, especially in the Galactic gas. The N(C
IV)/N(O VI) ratio varies somewhat within the SMC --- suggesting that several
processes may contribute to the observed high ion abundances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124898 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Cosmic Equation of State using Gravitational Lensing


  In this paper, observational constraints on the cosmic equation of state of
dark energy ($p = w \rho$) have been investigated using gravitational lensing
statistics. A likelihood analysis of the lens surveys has been carried out to
constrain the cosmological parameters $\Omega_{m}$ and $w$. Constraints on
$\Omega_{m}$ and $w$ are obtained in three different models of galaxy
evolution: no evolution model (comoving number density of galaxies remain
constant), Volmerange and Guiderdoni model and fast merging model. The last two
models consider the number evolution of galaxies in addition to the luminosity
evolution. The likelihood analysis shows that for the no-evolution case $w \leq
-0.04$ and $\Omega_{m}\leq 0.90$ at $1\sigma$ (68% confidence level). Similarly
for the Volmerange $&$ Guiderdoni Model the constraints are $w \leq -0.04$ and
$\Omega_{m} \leq 0.91$ at $1 \sigma$. In fast merging model the constraint
become weaker and it allows almost the entire range of parameters. For the case
of constant $\Lambda$ ($w =-1$), all the models permit $\Omega_{m} = 0.3$ with
68% CL which is consistent with the value of $\Omega_{m} $ inferred from
various other cosmological observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149889 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry reduction of N-extended supergravities in four dimensions


  We consider the possible consistent truncation of N-extended supergravities
to lower N' theories. The truncation, unlike the case of N-extended rigid
theories, is non trivial and only in some cases it is sufficient just to delete
the extra N-N' gravitino multiplets. We explore different cases (starting with
N=8 down to N'\geq 2) where the reduction implies restrictions on the matter
sector. We perform a detailed analysis of the interesting case N=2 \to N=1.
This analysis finds applications in different contexts of superstring and
M-theory dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86346 </DOCNO>
Tau-functions, twistor theory, and quantum field theory


  This article is concerned with obtaining the standard tau function
descriptions of integrable equations (in particular, here the KdV and Ernst
equations are considered) from the geometry of their twistor correspondences.
In particular, we will see that the quantum field theoretic formulae for tau
functions can be understood as arising from geometric quantization of the
twistor data. En route we give a geometric quantization formulation of
Chern-Simons and WZW quantum field theories using the Quillen determinant line
bundle construction and ingredients from Segal's conformal field theory. The
$\tau$-functions are then seen to be amplitudes associated with gauge group
actions on certain coherent states within these theories that can be obtained
from the twistor description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128117 </DOCNO>
The Galactic disk mass-budget : II. Brown dwarf mass-function and


  In this paper, we extend the calculations conducted previously in the stellar
regime to determine the brown dwarf IMF in the Galactic disk. We perform Monte
Carlo calculations taking into account the brown dwarf formation rate, spatial
distribution and binary fraction. Comparison with existing surveys seems to
exclude a power-law MF as steep as the one determined in the stellar regime
below 1 $\msol$ and tends to favor a more flatish behaviour. Comparison with
methane-dwarf detections tends to favor an eventually decreasing form like the
lognormal or the more general exponential distributions determined in the
previous paper. We calculate predicting brown dwarf counts in near-infrared
color diagrams and brown dwarf discovery functions. These calculations yield
the presently most accurate determination of the brown dwarf census in the
Galactic disk. The brown dwarf number density is comparable to the stellar one,
$n_{BD}\simeq n_\star\simeq 0.1$ pc$^{-3}$. The corresponding brown dwarf mass
density, however, represents only about 10% of the stellar contribution, i.e.
$\rho_{BD}\simle 5.0\times 10^{-3} \mvol$. Adding up the local stellar density
determined previously yields the density of star-like objects, stars and brown
dwarfs, in the solar neighborhood $\rho_\odot \approx 5.0\times 10^{-2} \mvol$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169206 </DOCNO>
Continuous quantum error correction via quantum feedback control


  We describe a protocol for continuously protecting unknown quantum states
from decoherence that incorporates design principles from both quantum error
correction and quantum feedback control. Our protocol uses continuous
measurements and Hamiltonian operations, which are weaker control tools than
are typically assumed for quantum error correction. We develop a cost function
appropriate for unknown quantum states and use it to optimize our
state-estimate feedback. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we study our protocol
for the three-qubit bit-flip code in detail and demonstrate that it can improve
the fidelity of quantum states beyond what is achievable using quantum error
correction when the time between quantum error correction cycles is limited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114201 </DOCNO>
Multiple Fiztgerald-Lorentz contractions


  In a recent paper, Harada and Sachs suggested that the Fitzgerald-Lorentz
contraction does not refer to a physical contraction but can perhaps best be
seen as a 'currency conversion'. In the present paper, this view is inspected,
and it is found, beyond the immediate frame of the interpretation, that the
Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction leads to a contradiction in a system of more
than two observers. A possible physical system in which this can occur is a
relativistic (ideal) gas or fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6908 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator transition in amorphous alloys


  We focus on the central problem of discriminating between metallic and
insulating behaviour in amorphous alloys formed between a semiconductor and a
metal. For this, the logarithmic temperature derivative of the conductivity, w
= d ln sigma / d ln T, has proved over recent years to be very helpful in
determining the critical value x_c of the metal content x for the
metal-insulator transition (MIT). We show that, for various amorphous alloys,
recent experimental results on w(T,x) are qualitatively inconsistent with the
usual assumptions of continuity of the MIT at T = 0 and of sigma(T,x_c) being
proportional to a power of T. These results suggest that w(T,x_c) tends to 0 as
T -> 0, in which case the MIT should be discontinuous at T = 0 (but only
there), in agreement with Mott's hypothesis of a finite minimum metallic
conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6774 </DOCNO>
Numerical Renormalization Group Study of the Anderson-Holstein Impurity


  We present numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations for a
single-impurity Anderson model with a linear coupling to a local phonon mode.
We calculate dynamical response functions, spectral densities, dynamic charge
and spin susceptibilities. Being non-perturbative, the NRG is applicable for
all parameter regimes. Our calculations cover both weak and strong
electron-phonon coupling for zero and finite electron-electron interaction. We
interpret the high- and low-energy features and compare our results to atomic
limit calculations and perturbation theory. In certain restricted parameter
regimes for strong electron-phonon coupling, a soft phonon mode develops
inducing a very narrow resonance at the Fermi level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113969 </DOCNO>
Kerr-lens mode-locked lasers as transfer oscillators for optical


  We introduce a novel concept for optical frequency measurement and division
which employs a Kerr-lens mode-locked laser as a transfer oscillator whose
noise properties do not enter the measurement process. We experimentally
demonstrate, that this method opens up the route to phase-link signals with
arbitrary frequencies in the optical or microwave range while their frequency
stability is preserved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149358 </DOCNO>
(NS5,D5,D3) bound state, OD3, OD5 limits and SL(2,Z) duality


  We generalize the non-threshold bound state in type IIB supergravity of the
form (NS5, D5, D3) constructed by the present authors (in hep-th/0011236) to
non-zero asymptotic value of the axion $(\chi_0$). We identify the decoupling
limits corresponding to both the open D3-brane theory and open D5-brane theory
for this supergravity solution as expected. However, we do not find any
non-commutative Yang-Mills theory (NCYM) limit for this solution in the
presence of NS5 branes. We then study the $SL(2, Z)$ duality symmetry of type
IIB theory for both OD3-limit and OD5-limit. We find that for OD3 theory, a
generic $SL(2, Z)$ duality always gives another OD3-theory irrespective of the
value of $\chi_0$ being rational or not. This indicates that OD3-theory is
self-dual. But, under a special set of $SL(2, Z)$ transformations for which
$\chi_0$ is rational OD3-theory goes over to a 5+1 dimensional NCYM theory and
these two theories in this case are related to each other by strong-weak
duality symmetry. On the other hand, for OD5-theory, a generic $SL(2, Z)$
duality gives another OD5-theory if $\chi_0$ is irrational, but when $\chi_0$
is rational it gives the little string theory limit indicating that OD5-theory
is S-dual to the type IIB little string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2814 </DOCNO>
Controlled transfer of quantum amplitude via modulation of a potential


  We numerically integrate the time-dependent Schrodinger equation in a
single-degree-of-freedom model of SQUID with a variable potential barrier
between the basis flux states. We find that linear superpositions of the basis
states, with relatively little residual excitation, can be formed by pulsed
modulations of the barrier, provided the pulse duration exceeds the period of
small oscillations of the flux. Two pulses applied in sequence exhibit strong
interference effects, which we propose to use for an experimental determination
of the decoherence time in SQUIDs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6091 </DOCNO>
Bornholdt's spin model of a market dynamics in high dimensions


  We present results of an extension of the market model introduced by
Bornholdt to high dimensions. Three and four dimensions are shown to behave
similar to two, for suitable parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1538 </DOCNO>
Finite market size as a source of extreme wealth inequality and market


  We study the finite-size effects in some scaling systems, and show that the
finite number of agents N leads to a cut-off in the upper value of the Pareto
law for the relative individual wealth. The exponent $\alpha$ of the Pareto law
obtained in stochastic multiplicative market models is crucially affected by
the fact that N is always finite in real systems. We show that any finite value
of N leads to properties which can differ crucially from the naive theoretical
results obtained by assuming an infinite N. In particular, finite N may cause
in the absence of an appropriate social policy extreme wealth inequality
$\alpha < 1$ and market instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2308 </DOCNO>
Direct evidence for a multiple superconducting gap in MgB2 from


  We study the new binary intermetallic superconductor MgB2 using
high-resolution photo-emission spectroscopy. The superconducting-state spectrum
measured at 5.4 K shows a coherent peak with a shoulder structure, in sharp
contrast to that expected from a simple isotropic-gap opening. The spectrum can
be well reproduced using the weighted sum of two Dynes functions with the gap
sizes of 1.7 and 5.6 meV. Temperature-dependent study shows that both gaps
close at the bulk transition temperature. These results provide spectroscopic
evidence for a multiple gap of MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125110 </DOCNO>
The First Detection of Cobalt in a Damped Lyman Alpha System


  We present the first ever detection of Cobalt in a Damped Lyman Alpha system
(DLA) at z = 1.92. In addition to providing important clues to the star
formation history of these high redshift galaxies, we discuss how studying the
Co abundance in DLAs may also help to constrain models of stellar
nucleosynthesis in a regime not probed by Galactic stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126960 </DOCNO>
Protostellar Evolution during Time Dependent, Anisotropic Collapse


  The formation and collapse of a protostar involves the simultaneous infall
and outflow of material in the presence of magnetic fields, self-gravity, and
rotation. We use self-similar techniques to self-consistently model the
anisotropic collapse and outflow by a set of angle-separated self-similar
equations. The outflow is quite strong in our model, with the velocity
increasing in proportion to radius, and material formally escaping to infinity
in the finite time required for the central singularity to develop.
  Analytically tractable collapse models have been limited mainly to
spherically symmetric collapse, with neither magnetic field nor rotation. Other
analyses usually employ extensive numerical simulations, or either perturbative
or quasistatic techniques. Our model is unique as an exact solution to the
non-stationary equations of self-gravitating MHD, which features co-existing
regions of infall and outflow.
  The velocity and magnetic topology of our model is quadrupolar, although
dipolar solutions may also exist. We provide a qualitative model for the origin
and subsequent evolution of such a state. However, a central singularity forms
at late times, and we expect the late time behaviour to be dominated by the
singularity rather than to depend on the details of its initial state. Our
solution may, therefore, have the character of an attractor among a much more
general class of self-similarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72909 </DOCNO>
Impact parameter dependent S-matrix for dipole-proton scattering from


  We extract the S-matrix element for dipole-proton scattering using the data
on diffractive electroproduction of vector mesons at HERA. By considering the
full t dependence of this process we are able to reliably unfold the profile of
the S-matrix for impact parameter values b>0.3 fm. We show that the results
depend only weakly on the choice of the form for the vector meson wave
function. We relate this result to the discussion about possible saturation
effects at HERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87199 </DOCNO>
Cold Dark Matter from Dark Energy


  Dark energy/matter unification is first demonstrated within the framework of
a simplified model.
 Geodetic evolution of a cosmological constant dominated bubble Universe, free
of genuine matter, is translated into a specific FRW cosmology whose
effectively induced dark component highly resembles the cold dark matter
ansatz. The realistic extension constitutes a dark soliton which bridges past
(radiation and/or matter dominated) and future (cosmological constant
dominated)
 Einstein regimes; its experimental signature is a moderate redshift dependent
cold dark matter deficiency function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5666 </DOCNO>
Spin excitation spectra of integral and fractional quantum Hall systems


  Results are presented of detailed numerical calculations for the spin
excitation spectra of a two-dimensional electron gas confined in a quantum well
of finite width w, at magnetic fields corresponding to the fractional and
integral fillings of the lowest and of excited Landau levels. Spin waves and
skyrmions are identified, and their mutual interactions are studied at filling
factors nu=1/3, 1, 3, and 5. The smallest skyrmions at nu=1/3 are equivalent to
composite fermion charged excitons X_CF^(+/-). Bose condensates of nearly
noninteracting spin waves and Laughlin correlations between finite-size
skyrmions are found at nu=1 and 1/3 and, for w larger than about two magnetic
lengths, also at nu=3 and 5. A general criterion for the occurrence of
skyrmions at odd integral fillings and at Laughlin fractional fillings of the
lowest Landau level is given in terms of the interaction pseudopotentials. This
explains the dependence of skyrmion states on w observed in excited Landau
levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87279 </DOCNO>
The kinematical frame of Loop Quantum Gravity I


  In loop quantum gravity in the connection representation, the quantum
configuration space $\bar{\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{G}}$, which is a compact space,
is much larger than the classical configuration space $\mathcal{A}/%
\mathcal{G}$ of connections modulo gauge transformations. One finds that $%
\bar{\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{G}}$ is homeomorphic to the space $Hom(%
\mathcal{L}_{\ast},G))/Ad$. We give a new, natural proof of this result,
suggesting the extension of the hoop group $\mathcal{L}_{\ast}$ to a larger,
compact group $\mathcal{M}(\mathcal{L}_{\ast})$ that contains $%
\mathcal{L}_{\ast}$ as a dense subset. This construction is based on almost
periodic functions. We introduce the Hilbert algebra $L_{2}(\mathcal{M}(%
\mathcal{L}_{\ast}))$ of $\mathcal{M}(\mathcal{L}_{\ast})$ with respect to the
Haar measure $\xi $ on $\mathcal{M}(\mathcal{L}_{\ast})$. The measure $% \xi $
is shown to be invariant under 3-diffeomorphisms. This is the first step in a
proof that $L_{2}(\mathcal{M}(\mathcal{L}_{\ast}))$ is the appropriate Hilbert
space for loop quantum gravity in the loop representation. In a subsequent
paper, we will reinforce this claim by defining an extended loop transform and
its inverse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74141 </DOCNO>
Realistic Supersymmetric SU(6)


  We present an example of SUSY SU(6) GUT, which predicts an excellent value
for $\al_s(M_Z)(\simeq 0.119)$, in comparison with the value
$\al_s^0(M_Z)\simeq 0.126$ of minimal SUSY SU(5). A crucial role is played by
the vectorlike multiplets from the matter sector, whose masses lie below the
GUT scale. For a realistic pattern of fermion masses, the adjoint scalar of
SU(6) has VEV along the $SU(4)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ direction. This also
offers a natural resolution of the doublet-triplet (DT) splitting through the
pseudo Goldstone Boson mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86610 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian, Energy and Entropy in General Relativity with


  A general recipe to define, via Noether theorem, the Hamiltonian in any
natural field theory is suggested. It is based on a Regge-Teitelboim-like
approach applied to the variation of Noether conserved quantities. The
Hamiltonian for General Relativity in presence of non-orthogonal boundaries is
analysed and the energy is defined as the on-shell value of the Hamiltonian.
The role played by boundary conditions in the formalism is outlined and the
quasilocal internal energy is defined by imposing metric Dirichlet boundary
conditions. A (conditioned) agreement with previous definitions is proved. A
correspondence with Brown-York original formulation of the first principle of
black hole thermodynamics is finally established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168542 </DOCNO>
A Measure of Stregth of an Unextendible Product Basis


  A notion of strength of an unextendible product basis is introduced and a
quantitative measure for it is suggested with a view to providing an indirect
measure for the bound entanglement of formation of the bound entangled mixed
state associated with an unextendible product basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 755 </DOCNO>
Stochastic equations generating continuous multiplicative cascades


  Discrete multiplicative turbulent cascades are described using a formalism
involving infinitely divisible random measures. This permits to consider the
continuous limit of a cascade developed on a continuum of scales, and to
provide the stochastic equations defining such processes, involving infinitely
divisible stochastic integrals. Causal evolution laws are also given. This
gives the first general stochastic equations which generate continuous
multifractal measures or processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73114 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Propagation in Dense Astrophysical Systems


  Even the elusive neutrinos are trapped in matter, albeit transiently, in
several astrophysical circumstances. Their interactions with the ambient matter
not only reveal the properties of such exotic matter itself, but also shed
light on the fundamental properties of the neutrinos themselves. The physical
sites of interest include the early universe, supernovae, and newly-born
neutron stars. Detection of neutrinos from these vastly different eras using
the new generation of neutrino detectors holds great promise for enhancing our
understanding of neutrino-matter interactions and astrophysical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124276 </DOCNO>
The elementary spike produced by a pure $e^+e^-$ pair-electromagnetic


  In the framework of the model that uses black holes endowed with
electromagnetic structure (EMBH) as the energy source, we study how an
elementary spike appears to the detectors. We consider the simplest possible
case of a pulse produced by a pure $e^+e^-$ pair-electro-magnetic plasma, the
PEM pulse, in the absence of any baryonic matter. The resulting time profiles
show a {\em Fast-Rise-Exponential-Decay} shape, followed by a power-law tail.
This is obtained without any special fitting procedure, but only by fixing the
energetics of the process taking place in a given EMBH of selected mass,
varying in the range from 10 to $10^3$ $M_\odot$ and considering the
relativistic effects to be expected in an electron-positron plasma gradually
reaching transparency. Special attention is given to the contributions from all
regimes with Lorentz $\gamma$ factor varying from $\gamma=1$ to $\gamma=10^4$
in a few hundreds of the PEM pulse travel time. Although the main goal of this
paper is to obtain the elementary spike intensity as a function of the arrival
time, and its observed duration, some qualitative considerations are also
presented regarding the expected spectrum and on its departure from the thermal
one. The results of this paper will be comparable, when data will become
available, with a subfamily of particularly short GRBs not followed by any
afterglow. They can also be propedeutical to the study of longer bursts in
presence of baryonic matter currently observed in GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129674 </DOCNO>
Looptop Hard X-Ray Emission in Solar Flares: Images and Statistics


  The discovery of hard X-ray sources near the top of a flaring loop by the HXT
instrument on board the YOHKOH satellite represents a significant progress
towards the understanding of the basic processes driving solar flares. In this
paper we extend the previous study of limb flares by Masuda (1994) by including
all YOHKOH observations up through August 1998. We report that from October
1991 to August 1998, YOHKOH observed 20 X-ray bright limb flares (where we use
the same selection criteria as Masuda), of which we have sufficient data to
analyze 18 events, including 8 previously unanalyzed flares. Of these 18
events, 15 show detectable impulsive looptop emission. Considering that the
finite dynamic range (about a decade) of the detection introduces a strong bias
against observing comparatively weak looptop sources, we conclude that looptop
emission is a common feature of all flares. We summarize the observations of
the footpoint to looptop flux ratio and the spectral indices. We present light
curves and images of all the important newly analyzed limb flares. Whenever
possible we present results for individual pulses in multipeak flares and for
different loops for multiloop flares. We then discuss the statistics of the
fluxes and spectral indices of the looptop and footpoint sources taking into
account observational selection biases. The importance of these observations
(and those expected from the scheduled HESSI satellite with its superior
angular spectral and temporal resolution) in constraining acceleration models
and parameters is discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73196 </DOCNO>
Effective supersymmetric theory and muon anomalous magnetic moment with


  The effective supersymmetric theory (ESUSY) with R parity conservation cannot
give a large anomalous magnetic moment of $\mu$. It is pointed out that the
flavor conservation and a large $(g-2)_\mu$ within the experimental limits are
achievable in the ESUSY with R parity violating couplings involving the third
generation superparticles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6209 </DOCNO>
Suppression of Tc in the (Y0.9Ca0.1)Ba2Cu4-xFexO8 system


  In this paper, the effects produced by the iron substitutions in the
(Y0.9Ca0.1)Ba2Cu4-xFexO8 system on the superconducting and structural
properties are studied. The Rietveld fit of the crystal structure and Mossbauer
spectroscopy results of (Y0.9Ca0.1)Ba2Cu4-xFexO8 samples indicate that, the
iron atoms occupy the Cu(1) sites of the (Cu-O)2 double chain in fivefold
coordination at low iron concentrations. Besides at high iron concentrations
the iron atoms occupy the Cu(1) sites of single Cu-O chainss and Cu(2) sites in
the CuO2 planes of the (Y0.9Ca0.1)Ba2Cu4-xFexO8 phase with structural defects.
Simultaneouly, as iron concentration increases, a faster decrease of Tc is
observed in this material comapred with the YBa2Cu3-xFexO7-y system. According
to the charge transfer model proposed for YBa2Cu4O8 under pressure, the
decrease in the Cu(1)-O(4) bond length in parallel to the increase in the
Cu(2)-O(4) bond length may affect the charge transfer mechanism leading to the
suppression of Tc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128253 </DOCNO>
On the Abundance of Potassium in Metal-Poor Stars


  Based on extensive statistical-equilibrium calculations, we performed a
non-LTE analysis of the K {\sc i} 7699 equivalent-width data of metal-deficient
stars for the purpose of clarifying the behavior of the photospheric potassium
abundance in disk/halo stars. While the resulting non-LTE abundance corrections
turned out to be considerably large, amounting to 0.2--0.7 dex, their effect on
the [K/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] relation is not very important, since these corrections
do not show any significant metallicity dependence. Hence, we again confirmed
the results of previous LTE studies, that [K/Fe] shows a gradual systematic
increase toward a lowered metallicity up to [K/Fe] $\sim$ 0.3--0.5 at [Fe/H]
$\sim$ -1 to -2, such as in the case of $\alpha$ elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150173 </DOCNO>
The Witten Index Beyond the Adiabatic Approximation


  We attempt to deal with the orbifold singularities in the moduli space of
flat connections for supersymmetric gauge theories on the torus. At these
singularities the energy gap in the transverse fluctuations vanishes and the
resulting breakdown of the adiabatic approximation is resolved by considering
the full set of zero-momentum fields. These can not be defined globally, due to
the problem of Gribov copies. For this reason we restrict the fields to the
fundamental domain, containing no gauge copies, but requiring a boundary
condition in field space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98903 </DOCNO>
Uniform approximation of continuous functions by smooth functions with


  We prove that every continuous function on a separable infinite-dimensional
Hilbert space X can be uniformly approximated by smooth functions with no
critical points. This kind of result can be regarded as a sort of very strong
approximate version of the Morse-Sard theorem. Some consequences of the main
theorem are as follows. Every two disjoint closed subsets of X can be separated
by a one-codimensional smooth manifold which is a level set of a smooth
function with no critical points; this fact may be viewed as a nonlinear
analogue of the geometrical version of the Hahn-Banach theorem. In particular,
every closed set in X can be uniformly approximated by open sets whose
boundaries are smooth one-codimensional submanifolds of X. Finally, since every
Hilbert manifold is diffeomorphic to an open subset of the Hilbert space, all
of these results still hold if one replaces the Hilbert space X with any smooth
manifold M modelled on X.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168597 </DOCNO>
The Secrecy Capacity of Practical Quantum Cryptography


  Quantum cryptography has attracted much recent attention due to its potential
for providing secret communications that cannot be decrypted by any amount of
computational effort. This is the first analysis of the secrecy of a practical
implementation of the BB84 protocol that simultaneously takes into account and
presents the {\it full} set of complete analytical expressions for effects due
to the presence of pulses containing multiple photons in the attenuated output
of the laser, the finite length of individual blocks of key material, losses
due to error correction, privacy amplification, continuous authentication,
errors in polarization detection, the efficiency of the detectors, and
attenuation processes in the transmission medium. The analysis addresses
eavesdropping attacks on individual photons rather than collective attacks in
general. Of particular importance is the first derivation of the necessary and
sufficient amount of privacy amplification compression to ensure secrecy
against the loss of key material which occurs when an eavesdropper makes
optimized individual attacks on pulses containing multiple photons. It is shown
that only a fraction of the information in the multiple photon pulses is
actually lost to the eavesdropper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98070 </DOCNO>
Boundary remnant of Yangian symmetry and the structure of rational


  For the classical principal chiral model with boundary, we give the subset of
the Yangian charges which remains conserved under certain integrable boundary
conditions, and extract them from the monodromy matrix. Quantized versions of
these charges are used to deduce the structure of rational solutions of the
reflection equation, analogous to the 'tensor product graph' for solutions of
the Yang-Baxter equation. We give a variety of such solutions, including some
for reflection from non-trivial boundary states, for the SU(N) case, and
confirm these by constructing them by fusion from the basic solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148911 </DOCNO>
Exact Noncommutative KP and KdV Multi-solitons


  We derive the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation defined over a general
associative algebra and construct its N-soliton solution. For the example of
the Moyal algebra, we find multi-soliton solutions for arbitrary space-space
noncommutativity. The noncommutativity of coordinates is shown to obstruct the
general construction of a tau function for these solitons. We investigate the
two-soliton solution in detail and show that asymptotic observers of soliton
scattering are unable to detect a finite spatial noncommutativity. An explicit
example shows that a pair of solitons in a noncommutative background can be
interpreted as several pairs of image solitons. Finally, a dimensional
reduction gives the general N-soliton solution for the previously discussed
noncommutative KdV equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5837 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Epidemics and Sandpiles


  Nonequilibrium phase transitions between an active and an absorbing state are
found in models of populations, epidemics, autocatalysis, and chemical
reactions on a surface. While absorbing-state phase transitions fall
generically in the DP universality class, this does not preclude other
universality classes, associated with a symmetry or conservation law. An
interesting issue concerns the dynamic critical behavior of models with an
infinite number of absorbing configurations or a long memory. Sandpile models,
the principal example of self-organized criticality (SOC), also exhibit
absorbing- state phase transitions, with SOC corresponding to a particular mode
of forcing the system toward its critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97597 </DOCNO>
Twisted quandle homology theory and cocycle knot invariants


  The quandle homology theory is generalized to the case when the coefficient
groups admit the structure of Alexander quandles, by including an action of the
infinite cyclic group in the boundary operator. Theories of Alexander
extensions of quandles in relation to low dimensional cocycles are developed in
parallel to group extension theories for group cocycles. Explicit formulas for
cocycles corresponding to extensions are given, and used to prove
non-triviality of cohomology groups for some quandles. The corresponding
generalization of the quandle cocycle knot invariants is given, by using the
Alexander numbering of regions in the definition of state-sums. The invariants
are used to derive information on twisted cohomology groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98742 </DOCNO>
Abstraction and Application in Adjunction


  The postulates of comprehension and extensionality in set theory are based on
an inversion principle connecting set-theoretic abstraction and the property of
having a member. An exactly analogous inversion principle connects functional
abstraction and application to an argument in the postulates of the lambda
calculus. Such an inversion principle arises also in two adjoint situations
involving a cartesian closed category and its polynomial extension. Composing
these two adjunctions, which stem from the deduction theorem of logic, produces
the adjunction connecting product and exponentiation, i.e. conjunction and
implication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75336 </DOCNO>
Azimuthal asymmetry in electro-production of neutral pions in SIDIS


  Recently HERMES has observed an azimuthal asymmetry in electro-production of
neutral pions in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering of unpolarized
positrons off longitudinally polarized protons. This asymmetry (like those
observed in the production of charged pions) is well reproduced theoretically
by using the non-perturbative calculation of the proton transversity
distribution in the effective chiral quark-soliton model combined with
experimental DELPHI-data on the new T-odd Collins fragmentation function. There
are no free, adjustable parameters in the analysis. Using the $z$-dependence of
the HERMES azimuthal asymmetry and the calculated transversity distributions
the z-dependence of the Collins fragmentation function is obtained. The value
obtained from HERMES data is consistent with the DELPHI result, even though
these results refer to different scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127933 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Magnetic Fields in Galaxy Clusters


  Cosmological simulations of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters show that
remarkable agreement between simulations and observations of Faraday rotation
and radio haloes can be achieved assuming that seed fields of 10^{-9} G were
present at redshifts 15-20. The structure of the seed field is irrelevant for
the final intracluster field. On average, the field grows exponentially with
decreasing cluster redshift, but merger events cause steep transient increases
in the field strength. Typical field-reversal scales are of order 50 kpc/h. In
most cases, the intracluster fields are dynamically unimportant. Assuming
secondary electron models, the average structure of cluster radio haloes can
naturally be reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148649 </DOCNO>
Symplectic, Multisymplectic Structures and Euler-Lagrange Cohomology


  We study the Euler-Lagrange cohomology and explore the symplectic or
multisymplectic geometry and their preserving properties in classical mechanism
and classical field theory in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism in each case
respectively. By virtue of the Euler-Lagrange cohomology that is nontrivial in
the configuration space, we show that the symplectic or multisymplectic
geometry and related preserving property can be established not only in the
solution space but also in the function space if and only if the relevant
closed Euler-Lagrange cohomological condition is satisfied in each case. We
also apply the cohomological approach directly to Hamiltonian-like ODEs and
Hamiltonian-like PDEs no matter whether there exist known Lagrangian and/or
Hamiltonian associated with them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148352 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric quantum mechanics, the variational method and a new shape


  The association of the variational method with supersymmetric quantum
mechanics through an ansatz for the superpotential is reviewed and the
approximate energy spectra of non-exactly solvable potentials, such like the
Hulthen, the Morse and the screened Coulomb potentials, in 3 dimensions, are
presented. A sketch of a new exactly shape invariant potential is also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95959 </DOCNO>
A computer proof of a polynomial identity implying a partition theorem


  In this paper we give a computer proof of a new polynomial identity, which
extends a recent result of Alladi and the first author. In addition, we provide
computer proofs for new finite analogs of Jacobi and Euler formulas. All
computer proofs are done with the aid of the new computer algebra package
qMultiSum developed by the second author. qMultiSum implements an algorithmic
refinement of Wilf and Zeilberger's multi-q-extension of Sister Celine's
technique utilizing additional ideas of Verbaeten and Wegschaider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 598 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic Interlayer Coupling in Ferromagnetic Semiconductor


  Antiferromagnetic coupling between ferromagnetic layers has been observed for
the first time in all-semiconductor superlattice structure EuS/PbS(001), by
neutron scattering and magnetization measurements. Spin-dependent superlattice
band structure effects are invoked to explain the possible origin and the
strength of the observed coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2154 </DOCNO>
Valley Splitting in Si-Inversion Layers at Low Magnetic Fields


  We report novel manifestation of the valley splitting for the two valley
electron system in (100) Si-inversion layers at low carrier density. We found
that valley splitting causes almost 100% modulation of the Shubnikov de Haas
oscillations in very low magnetic fields, almost on the bound of the quantum
interference peak of the negative magnetoresistance. From the interference
pattern of oscillations we determined the valley splitting in the B=0 limit
which appears to vary only within a factor of 1.3 over the density range
(3-7)x10^{11}/cm^2. We found also that level broadenings in both electron
valleys differ only by < 3%. The latter result shows that the inter-valley
scattering is not responsible for the strong (six fold) `metallic-like' changes
of the resistivity with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2222 </DOCNO>
Patterns of Striped order in the Classical Lattice Coulomb Gas


  We obtain via Monte Carlo simulations the low temperature charge
configurations in the lattice Coulomb gas on square lattices for charge filling
ratio $f$ in the range $1/3 < f < 1/2 $. We find a simple regularity in the low
temperature charge configurations which consist of a suitable periodic
combination of a few basic striped patterns characterized by the existence of
partially filled diagonal channels. In general there exist two separate
transitions where the lower temperature transition ($T_p$) corresponds to the
freezing of charges within the partially filled channels. $T_p$ is found to be
sensitively dependent on $f$ through the charge number density $\nu =
p_{1}/q_{1}$ within the channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128519 </DOCNO>
SOLA inversions for the core structure of solar-type stars


  The Subtractive Optimally Localized Averages (SOLA) method, developed and
extensively used in helioseismology, is applied to artificial data to obtain
measures of the sound speed inside a solar-type star. In contrast to inversion
methods which fit models to some aspect of the data, methods such as SOLA
provide an honest assessment of what can truly be resolved using seismic data,
without introducing additional assumptions such as that the space of admissible
stellar models is small. The resulting measures obtained from SOLA inversion
can subsequently be used to eliminate putative stellar models. Here we present
results of experiments to test the reliability of SOLA inferences using solar
models and models of solar-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41004 </DOCNO>
Upsilon Decay to a Pair of Bottom Squarks


  We calculate the rate for $\Upsilon$ decay into a pair of bottom squarks as a
function of the masses of the bottom squark and the gluino. Data from decays of
the $\Upsilon$ states could provide significant new bounds on the existence and
masses of these supersymmetric particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4051 </DOCNO>
Zero-temperature responses of a 3D spin glass in a field


  We probe the energy landscape of the 3D Edwards-Anderson spin glass in a
magnetic field to test for a spin glass ordering. We find that the spin glass
susceptibility is anomalously large on the lattice sizes we can reach. Our data
suggest that a transition from the spin glass to the paramagnetic phase takes
place at B_c=0.65, though the possibility B_c=0 cannot be excluded. We also
discuss the question of the nature of the putative frozen phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179661 </DOCNO>
Breakup of $^{9}$Be on $^{209}$Bi above and near the Coulomb barrier as


  The breakup of the $^{9}$Be projectile on the $^{209}$Bi target at bombarding
energies above and near the Coulomb barrier is studied in the adiabatic
two-center shell model approach. The effect of $^{9}$Be$% \to $n$+2\alpha $
breakup channel on complete fusion, elastic and inelastic cross sections is
investigated. Results show that the breakup of the projectile $^{9}$Be could be
due to a molecular single-particle effect shortly before the colliding nuclei
reach the Coulomb barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75010 </DOCNO>
Vector Meson Photoproduction at High-t and Comparison to HERA Data


  We explore QCD calculations for the process gamma p -> V X where V is a
vector meson, in the region s >> -t and -t >> Lambda_QCD^2. We compare our
calculations for the J/psi, phi and rho mesons with data from the ZEUS
Collaboration at HERA and demonstrate that the BFKL approach is consistent with
the data even for light mesons, whereas the two-gluon exchange approach is
inadequate. We also predict the differential cross-sections for the Upsilon and
omega for which no data are currently available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129594 </DOCNO>
Monitoring RXTE Observations of Markarian 348: the origin of the column


  We analyze 37 RXTE observations of the type 2 Seyfert galaxy Mrk348 obtained
during a period of 14 months. We confirm the spectral variability previous
reported by Smith et al., in the sense that thecolumn density decreases by a
factor of ~3 as the count rate increases. Column density variations could
possibly originate either due to the random drift of clouds within the
absorption screen, or due to photoionization processes. Our modeling of the
observed variations implies that the first scenario is more likely. These
clouds should lie in a distance of >2 light years from the source, having a
diameter of a few light days and a density of >10^7 cm^(-3), hence probably
residing outside the Broad Line Region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76754 </DOCNO>
Simple solutions of fireball hydrodynamics for self-similar, ellipsoidal


  A new family of simple, analytic solutions of self-similarly expanding
fireballs is found for systems with ellipsoidal symmetry and a direction
dependent, generalized Hubble flow. Gaussian, shell like or oscillating density
profiles emerge for simple choices of an arbitrary scaling function. New,
cylindrically or spherically symmetric as well as approximately one dimensional
hydrodynamical solutions are obtained for various special choices of the
initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98735 </DOCNO>
Regularity of certain vertex operator algebras with two generators


  For every $m \in {\C} \setminus \{0, -2\}$ and every nonnegative integer $k$
we define the vertex operator (super)algebra $D_{m,k}$ having two generators
and rank $ \frac{3 m}{m + 2}$. If $m$ is a positive integer then $D_{m,k}$ can
be realized as a subalgebra of a lattice vertex algebra. In this case, we prove
that $D_{m,k}$ is a regular vertex operator (super)algebra and find the number
of inequivalent irreducible modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149276 </DOCNO>
Geometry of solutions of N=2 SYM-theory in harmonic superspace


  In harmonic superspace, the classical equations of motion of $D=4, N=2$
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for Minkowski and Euclidean spaces are
analyzed. We study dual superfield representations of equations and subsidiary
conditions corresponding to classical SYM-solutions with different symmetries.
In particular, alternative superfield constructions of self-dual and static
solutions are described in the framework of the harmonic approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4905 </DOCNO>
Hole concentration in a diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor


  We consider a mean-field approach to the hole-mediated ferromagnetism in
III-V Mn-based semiconductor compounds to discuss the dependence of the hole
density on that of Mn sites in Ga_{1-x}Mn_xAs. The hole concentration, p, as a
function of the fraction of Mn sites, x, is parametrized in terms of the
product m*J_{pd}^2 (where m* is the hole effective mass and J_{pd} is the
Kondo-like hole/local-moment coupling), and the critical temperature Tc. By
using experimental data for these quantities, we have established the
dependence of the hole concentration with x, which can be associated with the
occurrence of a reentrant metal-insulator transition taking place in the hole
gas. We also calculate the dependence of the Mn magnetization with x, for
different temperatures (T), and found that as T increases, the width of the
composition-dependent magnetization decreases drammatically, and that the
magnetization maxima also decreases, indicating the need for quality-control of
Mn-doping composition in diluted magnetic semiconductor devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73975 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangians for linearized gravity in Randall-Sundrum model


  We construct the second variation Lagrangian for Randall-Sundrum model with
two branes, study its gauge invariance, find the corresponding equations of
motion and decouple them. We also derive an effective Lagrangian for this model
in the unitary gauge, which describes a massless graviton, massive gravitons
and a massless scalar radion. It is shown that the mass spectra of these fields
and their couplings to the matter are different on different branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4831 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium dynamics of a growing interface


  A growing interface subject to noise is described by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang
equation or, equivalently, the noisy Burgers equation. In one dimension this
equation is analyzed by means of a weak noise canonical phase space approach
applied to the associated Fokker-Planck equation. The growth morphology is
characterized by a gas of nonlinear soliton modes with superimposed linear
diffusive modes. We also discuss the ensuing scaling properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73126 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background I: Form Factors and


  It is shown that the fluctuation in the temperature of the cosmic microwave
background in any direction may be evaluated as an integral involving scalar
and dipole form factors, which incorporate all relevant information about
acoustic oscillations before the time of last scattering. A companion paper
gives asymptotic expressions for the multipole coefficient $C_\ell$ in terms of
these form factors. Explicit expressions are given here for the form factors in
a simplified hydrodynamic model for the evolution of perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114258 </DOCNO>
The SLS Beamlines Data Acquisition and Control System


  On December 15th the Swiss Light Source (SLS) produced a stored beam for the
first time. This important milestone was achieved in a very tight time
schedule. The fact that all major systems are controlled by Epics made this
challenge feasible. In the first phase there are four beamlines: two for the
surface science community, one for powder and surface diffraction and computed
micro-tomography, and the last one for protein crystallography. All of them are
equipped with insertion devices, which users want to treat as active
sub-systems like a monochromator or experimental station. The beamline control
systems are based on the same hardware and software technology as is the
machine. This implies extensive use of Personal Computers running Linux RedHat
6.2 and VME systems (PowerPC). The advantage of this choice is a staightforward
implementation of the insertion devices into the beamline and experiment
framework. Although the experiment Application Program Interfaces differ from
beamline to beamline, the standard software technology for linking all
sub-systems is based on the Epics toolkit and Cdev. The diagnostic tools
provided by this toolkit are being extensively used during the beamline
commissioning. Finallly we account on some examples of integrating dedicated
3rd party and commercial non Epics software products for experiment control
into the beamline control system. Key elements in this domain are CORBA, Python
and Portable Channel Access Server.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127776 </DOCNO>
Testing the Modified Press-Schechter Model against N-Body Simulations


  A modified version of the extended Press-Schechter model for the growth of
dark-matter haloes was introduced in two previous papers with the aim at
explaining the mass-density relation shown by haloes in high-resolution
cosmological simulations. In this model major mergers are well separated from
accretion, thereby allowing a natural definition of halo formation and
destruction. This makes it possible to derive analytic expressions for halo
formation and destruction rates, the mass accretion rate, and the probability
distribution functions of halo formation times and progenitor masses. The
stochastic merger histories of haloes can be readily derived and easily
incorporated into semi-analytical models of galaxy formation, thus avoiding the
usual problems encountered in the construction of Monte Carlo merger trees from
the original extended Press-Schechter formalism. Here we show that the
predictions of the modified Press-Schechter model are in good agreement with
the results of N-body simulations for several scale-free cosmologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74883 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in the $\mu$-problem solvable


  The recent measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment shows
2.6$\sigma$ deviation of $a_\mu$ from the standard model prediction which can
be explained by a chargino-sneutrino loop correction in the supersymmetric
models. In this paper we consider extra U(1) models where the $\mu$ parameter
is radiatively generated. This model predicts the sign of $\mu$ is positive in
wide parameter regions. But even the 2$\sigma$ constraint causes a serious
contradiction to the experimental bound of the extra neutral gauge boson mass.
Although a minimal supergravity scenario is ruled out, a very small window is
remained as an allowed region for a no-scale model with non-universal gaugino
masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168465 </DOCNO>
A More General Quantum Searching Algorithm And the Precise Formula of


  This paper presented two general quantum search algorithms. We derived the
iterated formulas and the simpler approximate formulas and the precise formula
for the amplitude in the desired state. A mathematical proof of Grover's
algorithm being optimal among the algorithms with arbitrary phase rotations was
given in this paper. This first reported the non-symmetric effects of different
rotating angles, and gave the first-order approximate phase condition when
rotating angles are different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75462 </DOCNO>
Best Values for the CP-odd Meson-Nucleon Couplings from Supersymmetry


  In the supersymmetric models, the dominant sources of the hadronic
flavor-diagonal CP violation at low energy are the theta term and the
chromoelectric dipole moments of quarks. Using QCD sum rules, we estimate the
preferred range and the best values for the CP-odd meson-nucleon coupling
constants induced by these operators. When the theta term is removed by the
axion mechanism, the size of the most important isospin triplet pion-nucleon
coupling is estimated to be \bar g_{\pi NN}^{(1)} = 2 times 10^{-12}(tilde d_u
- tilde d_d), where chromoelectric dipole moments are given in units of
10^{-26} cm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 70 </DOCNO>
Pattern Competition in the Photorefractive Semiconductors


  We analytically study the photorefractive Gunn effect in n-GaAs subjected to
two external laser beams which form a moving interference pattern (MIP) in the
semiconductor. When the intensity of the spatially independent part of the MIP,
denoted by $I_0$, is small, the system has a periodic domain train (PDT),
consistent with the results of linear stability analysis. When $I_0$ is large,
the space-charge field induced by the MIP will compete with the PDT and result
in complex dynamics, including driven chaos via quasiperiodic route.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149018 </DOCNO>
Branes Wrapped on Coassociative Cycles


  We obtain a supergravity solution arising when D6-branes are wrapped on
coassociative four-cycles of constant curvature in seven manifolds of G_2
holonomy. The solutions preserve two supercharges and thus represent
supergravity duals of three dimensional Yang-Mills with N=1 supersymmetry. When
uplifted to eleven dimensions our solution describes M-theory on the background
of an eight manifold with Spin(7) holonomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128218 </DOCNO>
The Crab-like Supernova Remnant G21.5-0.9 at Millimeter Wavelengths


  We present a BIMA image of the supernova remnant G21.5-0.9 at 94 GHz with
angular resolution 8.6" x 4.5". On scales larger than our synthesized beam, our
results do not indicate any radial or local variations in the acceleration or
synchrotron loss processes for the relativistic particles emitting at radio
wavelengths. However, the FWHM size of the radio remnant is significantly
greater than that of the X-ray remnant. Either any low-frequency spectral break
is distributed across the remnant, or more probably the break frequency is in
fact higher than ~100 GHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83875 </DOCNO>
Policy for access: Framing the question


  Five years after the '96 Telecommunications Act, we still find precious
little local facilities-based competition. In response there are calls in
Congress and even from the FCC for new legislation to "free the Bells."
However, the same ideology drove policy, not just five years ago, but also
almost twenty years back with the first modern push for "freedom," namely
divestiture.
  How might we frame the question of policy for local access to engender a more
fruitful approach? The starting point for this analysis is the network--not
bits and bytes, but the human network. With the human network as starting
point, the unit of analysis is the community--specifically, the individual in a
tension with community. There are two core ideas.
  The first takes a behavioral approach to the economics--and the relative
share between beneficial chaos and order, in economic affairs, becomes
explicit.
  If the first main idea provides a conceptual base for open source, the second
core idea distinguishes open source from open design, ie at the information
'frontier' we push forward.
  The resulting policy frame for access is worked out in the detailed, concrete
steps of an extended thought experiment. A small town setting (Concord,
Massachusetts) grounds the discussion in the real world. The purpose overall is
to stimulate new thinking which may break out of the conundrum where periodic
rounds to legislate 'freedom' produce the opposite, recursively. The ultimate
aim is better fit between our analytically-driven expectations and economic
outcomes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3128 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics and Capacity-Approaching Error-Correcting Codes


  I will show that there is a deep relation between error-correction codes and
certain mathematical models of spin glasses.
 In particular minimum error probability decoding is equivalent to finding the
ground state of the corresponding spin system. The most probable value of a
symbol is related to the magnetization at a different temperature.
Convolutional codes correspond to one-dimensional spin systems and Viterbi's
decoding algorithm to the transfer matrix algorithm of Statistical Mechanics.
  I will also show how the recently discovered (or rediscovered) capacity
approaching codes (turbo codes and low density parity check codes) can be
analysed using statistical mechanics. It is possible to show, using statistical
mechanics, that these codes allow error-free communication for signal to noise
ratio above a certain threshold. This threshold depends on the particular code,
and can be computed analytically in many cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168024 </DOCNO>
Universal construction for the unsorted quantum search algorithms


  The multiple-quantum operator algebra formalism has been exploited to
construct generally an unsorted quantum search algorithm. The exponential
propagator and its corresponding effective Hamiltonian are constructed
explicitly that describe in quantum mechanics the time evolution of a multi-
particle two-state quantum system from the initial state to the output of the
unsorted quantum search problem. The exponential propagator usually may not be
compatible with the mathematical structure and principle of the search problem
and hence is not a real quantum search network, but it can be further
decomposed into a product of a series of the oracle unitary operations such as
the selective phase-shift operations and the nonselective unitary operations
which can be expressed further as a sequence of elementary building blocks such
as one-qubit quantum gates and the two-qubit diagonal phase gates, resulting in
that the decomposed propagator is compatible with the mathematical structure
and principle of the search problem and thus, becomes a real quantum search
network. The decomposition for the propagator can be achieved with the help of
the operator algebra structure and symmetry of the effective Hamiltonian, and
the properties of the multiple-quantum operator algebra spaces, especially the
characteristic transformation behavior of the multiple-quantum operators under
the z-axis rotations. It has been shown that the computational complexity of
the search algorithm is dependent upon that of the numerical multidimensional
integration and hence it is believed that the search algorithm could solve
efficiently the unsorted search problem. An NMR device is also proposed to
solve efficiently the unsorted search problem in polynomial time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76765 </DOCNO>
Cosmic String Signatures in the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies


  We briefly review certain aspects of cosmic microwave background anisotropies
as generated in passive and active models of structure formation. We then focus
on cosmic strings based models and discuss their status in the light of current
high-resolution observations from the BOOMERanG, MAXIMA and DASI
collaborations. Upcoming megapixel experiments will have the potential to look
for non-Gaussian features in the CMB temperature maps with unprecedented
accuracy. We therefore devote the last part of this review to treat the
non-Gaussianity of the microwave background and present a method for
computation of the bispectrum from simulated string realizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98153 </DOCNO>
Geometry and integrability of the M-LXIX equation


  The L-equivalent counterpart of the M-LXIX equation is found. This
L-equivalent equation is the Gauss-Codazzi equation which is integrable by the
dressing method. This means that the M-LXIX equation is also integrable in this
sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86849 </DOCNO>
Conformal Symmetry and Cosmological Entropy Production


  Introducing an effective refraction index of an isotropic cosmic medium, we
investigate the cosmological fluid dynamics which is consistent with a
conformal, timelike symmetry of a corresponding ``optical'' metric. We
demonstrate that this kind of symmetry is compatible with the existence of a
negative viscous pressure and, consequently, with cosmological entropy
production. We establish an exactly solvable model according to which the
viscous pressure is a consequence of a self-interacting one-particle force
which is self-consistently exerted on the microscopic particles of a
relativistic gas. Furthermore, we show that a sufficiently high decay rate of
the refraction index of an ultrarelativistic cosmic medium results in an
inflationary expansion of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99154 </DOCNO>
Twisted Modules over Vertex Algebras on Algebraic Curves


  We extend the geometric approach to vertex algebras developed by the first
author to twisted modules, allowing us to treat orbifold models in conformal
field theory. Given a twisted module M over a vertex algebra V and an algebraic
curve X, we show that the twisted vertex operation gives rise to sections of
certain equivariant vector bundles on ramified cyclic covers of X. We introduce
the notion of conformal blocks for twisted modules, and analyze them in the
case of the Heisenberg and affine Kac-Moody vertex algebras. We also give a
chiral algebra interpretation of twisted modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127858 </DOCNO>
A Hubble Space Telescope Lensing Survey of X-ray Luminous Galaxy


  We present the results of a survey for Extremely Red Objects (EROs) in the
fields of ten galaxy cluster lenses at z~0.2, combining high-resolution Hubble
Space Telescope imaging with deep K-band imaging from UKIRT. We detect 60 EROs
with R-K>=5.3, of which 26 have R-K>=6.0 in a total image plane survey area of
49arcmin^2 down to K=20.6. We use detailed models of the cluster lenses to
quantify the lens amplification and thus correct the observed number counts and
survey area for the effects of gravitational lensing. After making these
corrections, we estimate surface densities at K<=21.6 of 2.5+/-0.4 and
1.2+/-0.3 arcmin^-2 for EROs with R-K>=5.3 and 6.0 respectively. These ERO
number counts agree with previous shallower surveys at K<~19 and flatten
significantly at magnitudes fainter than K~19-20. This flattening may be due to
a transition from an ERO population dominated by evolved galaxies at z~1-2
(K<~19.5) to one dominated by dusty starburst galaxies at z>1 (K>~19.5). We
also compare our results with various model predictions, including a model that
attempts to explain EROs in terms of a single population of elliptical galaxies
formed at high redshift. We find that a formation epoch of z_f~2.5 for this
population matches the observed surface density of R-K>=5.3 EROs quite well,
and the R-K>=6.0 sample less well. More sophisticated models, including
semi-analytic prescriptions, under-predict the ERO surface density by
approximately an order of magnitude, suggesting that these models produce
insufficient stars and/or dust at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128621 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Ghost Cavities in Abell 2597's X-ray Atmosphere


  A Chandra image of the central 100 kpc of the Abell 2597 cluster of galaxies
shows bright, irregular, X-ray emission within the central dominant cluster
galaxy (CDG), and two low surface brightness cavities located 30 kpc from the
CDG's nucleus. Unlike the cavities commonly seen in other clusters, Abell
2597's ``ghost'' cavities are not coincident with the bright central radio
source. Instead, they appear to be associated with faint, extended radio
emission seen in a deep VLA radio map. We interpret the ghost cavities as
buoyantly-rising relics of a radio outburst that occurred between 50--100 Myr
ago. The demography of cavities in the few clusters studied thus far shows that
galactic radio sources experience recurrent outbursts on a $\sim 100$ Myr
timescale. Over the lifetime of a cluster, ghost cavities emerging from CDGs
deposit $\gae 10^{59-61}$ erg of energy into the intracluster medium. If a
significant fraction of this energy is deposited as magnetic field, it would
account for the high field strengths in the cooling flow regions of clusters.
The similarity between the central cooling time of the keV gas and the radio
cycling timescale suggests that feedback between cooling gas and the radio
source may be retarding or quenching the cooling flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87032 </DOCNO>
Brane World Models With Bulk Scalar Fields


  We examine several different types of five dimensional stationary spacetimes
with bulk scalar fields and parallel 3-branes. We study different methods for
avoiding the appearance of spacetime singularities in the bulk for models with
and without cosmological expansion. For non-expanding models, we demonstrate
that in general the Randall-Sundrum warp factor is recovered in the asymptotic
bulk region, although elsewhere the warping may be steeper than exponential. We
show that nonsingular expanding models can be constructed as long as the
gradient of the bulk scalar field vanishes at zeros of the warp factor, which
are then analogous to the particle horizons found in expanding models with a
pure AdS bulk. Since the branes in these models are stabilized by bulk scalar
fields, we expect there to be no linearly unstable radion modes. As an
application, we find a specific class of expanding, stationary solutions with
no singularities in the bulk in which the four dimensional cosmological
constant and mass hierarchy are naturally very small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 136 </DOCNO>
Ultra-Slow Vacancy-Mediated Tracer Diffusion in Two Dimensions: The


  We study the dynamics of a charged tracer particle (TP) on a two-dimensional
lattice all sites of which except one (a vacancy) are filled with identical
neutral, hard-core particles. The particles move randomly by exchanging their
positions with the vacancy, subject to the hard-core exclusion. In case when
the charged TP experiences a bias due to external electric field ${\bf E}$,
(which favors its jumps in the preferential direction), we determine exactly
the limiting probability distribution of the TP position in terms of
appropriate scaling variables and the leading large-N ($n$ being the discrete
time) behavior of the TP mean displacement $\bar{{\bf X}}_n$; the latter is
shown to obey an anomalous, logarithmic law $|\bar{{\bf X}}_n| = \alpha_0(|{\bf
E}|) \ln(n)$. On comparing our results with earlier predictions by Brummelhuis
and Hilhorst (J. Stat. Phys. {\bf 53}, 249 (1988)) for the TP diffusivity $D_n$
in the unbiased case, we infer that the Einstein relation $\mu_n = \beta D_n$
between the TP diffusivity and the mobility $\mu_n = \lim_{|{\bf E}| \to
0}(|\bar{{\bf X}}_n|/| {\bf E} |n)$ holds in the leading in $n$ order, despite
the fact that both $D_n$ and $\mu_n$ are not constant but vanish as $n \to
\infty$. We also generalize our approach to the situation with very small but
finite vacancy concentration $\rho$, in which case we find a ballistic-type law
$|\bar{{\bf X}}_n| = \pi \alpha_0(|{\bf E}|) \rho n$. We demonstrate that here,
again, both $D_n$ and $\mu_n$, calculated in the linear in $\rho$
approximation, do obey the Einstein relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83742 </DOCNO>
A Blueprint for Building Serverless Applications on the Net


  A peer-to-peer application architecture is proposed that has the potential to
eliminate the back-end servers for hosting services on the Internet. The
proposed application architecture has been modeled as a distributed system for
delivering an Internet service. The service thus created, though chaotic and
fraught with uncertainties, would be highly scalable and capable of achieving
unprecedented levels of robustness and viability with the increase in the
number of the users. The core issues relating to the architecture, such as
service discovery, distributed application architecture components, and
inter-application communications, have been analysed. It is shown that the
communications for the coordination of various functions, among the cooperating
instances of the application, may be optimised using a divide-and-conquer
strategy. Finally, the areas where future work needs to be directed have been
identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127318 </DOCNO>
Substructure of Clusters of Galaxies and Cosmological Constant


  We investigate possibility of utilizing substructures in clusters of galaxies
as a probe of the non-zero cosmological constant, \Lambda. Using
high-resolution cosmological N-body/SPH simulations of flat (\Omega_0=0.3,
\lambda_0=0.7, \Lambda CDM) and open (\Omega_0=0.3, \lambda_0=0, OCDM) cold
dark matter dominated universes, we obtain indicators that are closely related
with the substructures from each cosmological model. As the indicators, we
calculate axial ratios, center shifts, cluster clumpiness, and multipole moment
power ratios for the simulated clusters at z=0 and 0.5. These indicators are
calculated for both X-ray surface brightness and column density of the matter.
In \Lambda CDM all these indicators tend to be larger than those in OCDM at
z=0. This result is consistent with the analytical prediction, that is,
clusters in \Lambda CDM are formed later than in OCDM and then clusters in OCDM
are more relaxed at z=0. We make Kolmogorov-Smirnov test on each indicator. We
then find that the results for the multipole moment power ratios and the center
shifts for the X-ray surface brightness are under the significant level (5%)
and we distinguish these two models more clearly at z=0 than z=0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1081 </DOCNO>
Observation of superconductivity in Y$_2$PdGe$_3$, structurally same as


  The results of electrical resistance (1.4 - 300 K), magnetization (2-300 K)
and heat-capacity (2 - 50 K) measurements in Y$_2$PdGe$_3$, found to
crystallize in a AlB$_2$-derived hexagonalstructure, are reported. The results
establish that this compound is superconducting below 3 K. This obervation is
interesting considering that this compound is the first superconductor among
the ternary members derived from the hexagonal AlB$_2$ structure. With
superconductivity being uncommon even among binary alloys derived from AlB$_2$
structure and with recent excitement on the observation of high temperature
superconductivity in Mg$B_2$, this finding gains importance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123809 </DOCNO>
Simultaneous Measurements of the Fried Parameter r_0 and the Isoplanatic


  We present first results of a simultaneous atmospheric turbulence measurement
campaign at the Calar Alto (Spain) 1.23m and 3.5m telescopes. A SCIDAR
instrument and the Calar Alto Adaptive Optics system ALFA were used at the
1.23m and 3.5m telescopes respectively to determine essential turbulence
parameters like the Fried parameter r_0, the isoplanatic angle theta_0, and, in
the case of SCIDAR, the C_n^2 profile of the atmosphere. Both closed-loop and
open-loop data were obtained with ALFA. The desired parameters were then
calculated from this. This paper shows a comparison of the results obtained
from the two different systems for several times during a period of three
nights.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98335 </DOCNO>
The average length of a trajectory in a certain billiard in a flat


  We study a billiard in a modified rectangle with pockets, with trajectory
starting from one corner. We provide asymptotic formulas for the moments of the
length of the trajectory and the number of reflections in the side cushions
when the lengths of pockets are proportional to the sides and tend to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174745 </DOCNO>
Identified Particle Elliptic Flow in Au+Au Collisions at


  We report first results on elliptic flow of identified particles at
mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=130$ GeV using the STAR
TPC at RHIC. The elliptic flow as a function of transverse momentum and
centrality differs significantly for particles of different masses. This
dependence can be accounted for in hydrodynamic models, indicating that the
system created shows a behavior consistent with collective hydrodynamical flow.
The fit to the data with a simple model gives information on the temperature
and flow velocities at freeze-out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174623 </DOCNO>
Antilambda production in Au+Au collisions at 11.7 A GeV/c


  We present results from Experiment E917 for antilambda and antiproton
production in Au+Au collisions at 11.7 A GeV. We have measured invariant
spectra and yields for both species in central and peripheral collisions. We
find that the antilambda/antiproton ratio near mid-rapidity increases from
0.26+0.19-0.15 in peripheral collisions to 3.6+4.7-1.8 in central collisions, a
value that is substantially larger than current theoretical estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5289 </DOCNO>
Control of Current Reversal in Single and Multiparticle Inertia Ratchets


  We have studied the deterministic dynamics of underdamped single and
multiparticle ratchets associated with current reversal, as a function of the
amplitude of the external driving force. Two experimentally inspired methods
are used. In the first method the same initial condition is used for each new
value of the amplitude. In the second method the last position and velocity is
used as the new initial condition when the amplitude is changed. The two
methods are found to be complementary for control of current reversal, because
the first one elucidates the existence of different attractors and gives
information about their basins of attraction, while the second method, although
history dependent, shows the locking process. We show that control of current
reversals in deterministic intertia ratchets is possible as a consequence of a
locking process associated with different mean velocity attractors. An
unlocking efect is produced when a chaos to order transition limits the control
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128150 </DOCNO>
Visualising Interacting Binaries in 3D


  I have developed a code which allows images to be produced of a variety of
interacting binaries for any system parameters. The resulting images are not
only helpful in visualising the geometry of a given system but are also helpful
in talks and educational work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179677 </DOCNO>
On the nucleon-nucleon interaction leading to a standing wave


  We examine a recently proposed nucleon-nucleon interaction, claimed by its
authors both realistic and leading to a standing wave instability in symmetric
nuclear matter. Contrary to these claims, we find that this interaction leads
to a serious overbinding of 4He, 16O and 40Ca nuclei when the Hartree-Fock
method is properly applied. The resulting nuclear densities contradict the
experimental data and all realistic Hartree-Fock results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125847 </DOCNO>
Compact Symmetric Objects as Radio Flux Density Calibrators


  We present results from the first intensive monitoring campaign of a sample
of Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs). We observed seven CSOs at 8.5 GHz over a
period of eight months, with an average spacing between observations of 2.7
days. Our results show that, as predicted, the flux densities of the CSOs are
extremely stable; the mean RMS variability of the sample was 0.7% in flux
density. The low variability of the CSOs makes them excellent flux density
calibrators at this frequency. We recommend that at least four CSOs be included
in any VLA monitoring campaign which requires precise epoch-to-epoch
calibration, such as those to measure gravitational lens time delays. The CSO
data enable the correction of small systematic errors in the primary flux
calibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6440 </DOCNO>
Unconventional Superconductivity in UPd_2Al_3 from Realistic


  Realistic selfconsistent calculations of unconventional superconductivity in
a heavy-fermion material are reported. Our calculations for UPd$_2$Al$_3$ start
from accurate energy band dispersions that are computed within the local
spin-density functional theory and provide Fermi surfaces in agreement with
experiment. Using physically motivated, realistic pairing potentials it is
shown that the superconducting gap has two lines of nodes around the z-axis,
thus exhibiting d-wave symmetry in the $A_{1g}$ representation of the $D_{6h}$
point group. Our results suggest that in a superconductor with gap nodes, the
prevailing gap symmetry is dictated by the constraint that nodes must be as far
as possible from high-density areas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86521 </DOCNO>
Determination of the cosmological parameters from the Earth-Moon system


  We have obtained empirical laws for the variation of the Earth parameters
with geologic time that are in agreement with coral fossil data obtained by
Wells and Runcorn. Our model predicts that the day is lengthening at a rate of
2 ms/century at the present time. The length of the day when the Earth was
formed is found to be 6 hours and the synodic month to be 56 days. The angular
momentum of the Earth-Moon system is found to be increasing with time. The
origin of the presently observed acceleration of the Moon is explained. It is
predicted that the Moon is approaching the Earth at a present rate of 1.5
cm/year and with an acceleration of 20.6 arc sec/cy^2. It is shown that the
Moon has never been close to the Earth in last 4.5 million years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81255 </DOCNO>
String breaking mechanisms induced by magnetic and electric condensates


  The normal confining phase of gauge theories is characterised by the
condensation of magnetic monopoles and center vortices. Sometimes in coupled
gauge system one finds another phase with simultaneous condensation of electric
and magnetic charges. In both phases the confining string breaks down at a
given scale because of pair creation, however the mechanism is different. In
the former case the string breaking is a mixing phenomenon which is invisible
in the Wilson loop. On the contrary, in presence of both electric and magnetic
condensates the string breaking can be observed even in the Wilson loops.
Numerical experiments on a 3D $Z_2$ gauge-Higgs system neatly show this new
phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123606 </DOCNO>
Deep HST imaging surveys and the formation of spheroidal galaxies


  We have extended our previous analysis of morphologically selected elliptical
and S0 galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) North to include HST data in the
HDF South and the HDFS-NICMOS areas. Our final sample amounts to 69 E/S0
galaxies with $K<20.15$ over an area of 11 square arcmins. Although a
moderately small number over a modest sky area, this sample benefits of the
best imaging and photometric data available on high-redshift galaxies.
Multi-waveband photometry allows us to estimate with good accuracy the
redshifts for the majority of these galaxies which lack a spectroscopic
measure. We confirm our previous findings that massive E/S0s tend to disappear
from flux-limited samples at $z>1.4$. This adds to the evidence that the
rest-frame colours and SEDs of the numerous objects found at $0.8<z<1.2$ are
inconsistent with a very high redshift of formation for the bulk of stars,
while they are better consistent with protracted (either continuous or
episodic) star-formation down to $z \le 1$. These results based on high-quality
imaging on a small field can be complemented with data from colour-selected
EROs on much larger sky areas: our claimed demise of E/S0s going from $z=1$ to
$z=1.5$ is paralleled by a similarly fast decrease in the areal density of EROs
when the colour limit is changed from $(R-K)=5$ to $(R-K)=6$ (corresponding to
$z\simeq 1$ and $z\simeq 1.3$ respectively). Altogether, the redshift interval
from 1 to 2 seems to correspond to a very active phase for the assembly of
massive E/S0 galaxies in the field, and also probably one where a substantial
fraction of their stars are formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98462 </DOCNO>
Curvature, Covering Spaces, and Seiberg-Witten Theory


  We point out that there are compact 4-manifolds which do not admit metrics of
positive scalar curvature, but nonetheless have finite covering spaces which do
carry such metrics. Moreover, passing from a 4-manifold to a covering space
sometimes actually changes the sign of the Yamabe invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179615 </DOCNO>
Gluonic excitations in lattice QCD: A brief survey


  Our current knowledge about glueballs and hybrid mesons from lattice QCD
simulations is briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179174 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Distortion Effects for Electron or Positron Induced $(e,e')$


  In response to recent experimental studies we investigate Coulomb distortion
effects on $(e,e')$ reactions from medium and heavy nuclei for the case of
electrons and positrons. We extend our previously reported full DWBA treatment
of Coulomb distortions to the case of positrons for the $^{208}Pb(e,e')$
reaction in the quasielastic region for a particular nuclear model. In
addition, we use previously reported successful approaches to treating Coulomb
corrections in an approximate way to calculate the Coulomb distortion effects
for $(e,e')$ reactions for both electrons and positrons for the case of a
simple nuclear model for quasielastic knock-out of nucleons. With these results
in hand we develop a simple {\em ad-hoc} approximation for use in analyzing
experiments, and discuss methods of extracting the ``longitudinal structure
function" which enters into evaluation of the Coulomb sum rule. These
techniques are generally valid for lepton induced reactions on nuclei with
momentum transfers greater than approximately 300 $MeV/c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4566 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Bethe ansatz for the gl(1|2) generalized model and Lieb-Wu


  We solve the gl(1|2) generalized model by means of the algebraic Bethe
ansatz. The resulting eigenvalue of the transfer matrix and the Bethe ansatz
equations depend on three complex functions, called the parameters of the
generalized model. Specifying the parameters appropriately, we obtain the Bethe
ansatz equations of the supersymmetric t-J model, the Hubbard model, or of
Yang's model of electrons with delta interaction. This means that the Bethe
ansatz equations of these (and many other) models can be obtained from a common
algebraic source, namely from the Yang-Baxter algebra generated by the gl(1|2)
invariant R-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125075 </DOCNO>
Cataclysmic Variables: An Empirical Angular Momentum Loss Prescription


  We apply the angular momentum loss rates inferred from open cluster stars to
the evolution of cataclysmic variables (CVs). We show that the angular momentum
prescriptions used in earlier CV studies are inconsistent with the measured
rotation data in open clusters. The timescale for angular momentum loss above
the fully convective boundary is ~ 2 orders of magnitude longer than inferred
from the older model, and the observed angular momentum loss properties show no
evidence for a change in a behavior at the fully convective boundary. This
provides evidence against the hypothesis that the period gap is caused by an
abrupt change in the angular momentum loss law when the secondary becomes fully
convective. It also implies that the timescale for CV evolution is much longer
than it was than previously thought, comparable to a Hubble time. For the same
reason, it will be more difficult to produce CVs from the products of common
envelope evolution and implies a lower space density of CVs. The empirical loss
law is consistent with the observed period minimum (1.3 hours) contrary to the
minimum predicted by angular momentum loss due to gravitational radiation alone
(1.1 hours).
  We introduce a method to infer the time-averaged mass accretion rate and
derive mass-period relation for different evolutionary states of the secondary.
The mass-period relationship is more consistent with evolved secondaries than
with unevolved secondaries above the period gap. Implications for the CV period
gap are discussed, including the possibility that two populations of
secondaries could produce the gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127186 </DOCNO>
Heating and Ionization of the Intergalactic Medium by an Early X-Ray


  Observational studies indicate that the intergalactic medium (IGM) is highly
ionized up to redshifts just over 6. A number of models have been developed to
describe the process of reionization and the effects of the ionizing photons
from the first luminous objects. In this paper, we study the impact of an X-ray
background, such as high-energy photons from early quasars, on the temperature
and ionization of the IGM prior to reionization, before the fully ionized
bubbles associated with individual sources have overlapped. X-rays, which have
large mean free paths relative to EUV photons, and their photoelectrons can
have significant effects on the thermal and ionization balance. We find that
hydrogen ionization is dominated by the X-ray photoionization of neutral helium
and the resulting secondary electrons. Thus, the IGM may have been warm and
weakly ionized prior to full reionization. We examine several related
consequences, including the filtering of the baryonic Jeans mass scale,
signatures in the cosmic microwave background, and the H$^{-}$-catalyzed
production of molecular hydrogen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123823 </DOCNO>
Properties of Galaxy Disks in Hierarchical Hydrodynamical Simulations:


  We analyze the structural and dynamical properties of disk-like objects
formed in fully consistent cosmological simulations with an inefficient star
formation algorithm. Comparison with data of similar observable properties of
spiral galaxies gives satisfactory agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74074 </DOCNO>
Q Qbar g contribution to diffractive J/psi electroproduction


  We study the diffractive electroproduction of quarkonia from
quark-antiquark-gluon states in the photon wave function. We show that these
states contribute to the leading-power and leading-logarithm level. We suggest
the measurement of J/psi production via inelastic diffraction to study
color-transparency and color-opacity effects in the diffractive gluon
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97460 </DOCNO>
On surfaces with prescribed shape operator


  The problem of immersing a simply connected surface with a prescribed shape
operator is discussed. From classical and more recent work, it is known that,
aside from some special degenerate cases, such as when the shape operator can
be realized by a surface with one family of principal curves being geodesic,
the space of such realizations is a convex set in an affine space of dimension
at most 3. The cases where this maximum dimension of realizability is achieved
have been classified and it is known that there are two such families of shape
operators, one depending essentially on three arbitrary functions of one
variable (called Type I in this article) and another depending essentially on
two arbitrary functions of one variable (called Type II in this article).
  In this article, these classification results are rederived, with an emphasis
on explicit computability of the space of solutions. It is shown that, for
operators of either type, their realizations by immersions can be computed by
quadrature. Moreover, explicit normal forms for each can be computed by
quadrature together with, in the case of Type I, by solving a single linear
second order ODE in one variable. (Even this last step can be avoided in most
Type I cases.)
  The space of realizations is discussed in each case, along with some of their
remarkable geometric properties. Several explicit examples are constructed
(mostly already in the literature) and used to illustrate various features of
the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83598 </DOCNO>
Fitness Uniform Selection to Preserve Genetic Diversity


  In evolutionary algorithms, the fitness of a population increases with time
by mutating and recombining individuals and by a biased selection of more fit
individuals. The right selection pressure is critical in ensuring sufficient
optimization progress on the one hand and in preserving genetic diversity to be
able to escape from local optima on the other. We propose a new selection
scheme, which is uniform in the fitness values. It generates selection pressure
towards sparsely populated fitness regions, not necessarily towards higher
fitness, as is the case for all other selection schemes. We show that the new
selection scheme can be much more effective than standard selection schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124970 </DOCNO>
A Brown Dwarf Companion for the Accreting Millisecond Pulsar SAX


  BeppoSAX has revealed a population of faint neutron star X-ray transients in
the Galactic bulge. King conjectured that these neutron stars are accreting
from brown dwarfs (BD) with a time-averaged mass transfer rate <\dot M>\approx
10^{-11} M_sun/year. We show that the orbital parameters of the 401 Hz
accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 support this hypothesis. A
main-sequence mass donor requires a nearly face-on inclination and a higher
<\dot M> than observed. However, the range of allowed inclinations is
substantially relaxed and the predicted mass transfer rate is consistent with
that observed if a hot 0.05 M_sun BD is the donor. We then explain the BD
radius required (0.13 R_\sun) to fill the Roche lobe. All transiently accreting
neutron stars have a minimum luminosity in quiescence set by the time-averaged
mass transfer rate onto the neutron star. We show that the constant heating of
the BD by this emission can maintain the higher entropy implied by a 0.13
R_\sun radius. Our work bolsters the case that SAX J1808.4-3658 is a progenitor
to compact ms radio pulsar binaries (e.g. like those found in 47 Tuc). The very
low <\dot M>'s implies that the progenitors to these radio pulsars are
long-lived (Gyrs) transient systems, rather than short-lived (Myrs)
Eddington-limited accretors. Hence, the accreting progenitor population to
millisecond radio pulsars in 47 Tuc could still be present and found in
quiescence with Chandra.(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41844 </DOCNO>
Sneutrino Factory


  We argue that future e^{+} e^{-} linear colliders can produce many sneutrinos
if lepton-number violating couplings lambda_{1j1} exist and enough beam
polarization is obtained. The terms lambda_{ijk} L_{i} L_{j} E_{k}^{c} are
allowed in a discrete Z_{3}-symmetry which is used to forbid rapid proton
decay, and it is worthwhile to consider the possibility of the existence of
such terms and their resultant. We study the process e^{+}e^{-} -> sneutrino ->
e^{+} e^{-} in detail, and show that if such resonance is not found,
lepton-number violating couplings lambda_{1j1}, will be strongly constrained.
If we assume sneutrino mass m_{sneutrino}=500 GeV, beam polarization
P_{e^{-}}=0.9, P_{e^{+}}=0.6, and integrated luminosity L=100 fb^{-1},
non-observation of sneutrino resonance will lead to lambda_{1j1} < 0.02 (if all
charginos, and neutralinos, are lighter than the sneutrino), or lambda_{1j1} <
0.003 (if all charginos, and neutrainos, are heavier than the sneutrino).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1286 </DOCNO>
In-situ Magnesium Diboride Superconducting Thin Films grown by Pulsed


  Superconducting thin films of MgB2 were deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition
on magnesium oxide and sapphire substrates. Samples grown at 450C in an argon
buffer pressure of about 10-2 mbar by using a magnesium enriched target
resulted to be superconducting with a transition temperature of about 25 K.
Film deposited from a MgB2 sintered pellet target in ultra high vacuum
conditions showed poor metallic or weak semiconducting behavior and they became
superconducting only after an ex-situ annealing in Mg vapor atmosphere. Up to
now, no difference in the superconducting properties of the films obtained by
these two procedures has been evidenced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97719 </DOCNO>
G-bundles, isomonodromy and quantum Weyl groups


  First an `irregular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence' is established for
meromorphic connections on principal G-bundles over a disc, where G is any
connected complex reductive group.
  Secondly, in the case of poles of order two, isomonodromic deformations of
such connections are considered and it is proved that the classical actions of
quantum Weyl groups found by De Concini, Kac and Procesi do arise from
isomonodromy (and so have a purely geometrical origin).
  Finally a certain flat connection appearing in work of De Concini and
Toledano Laredo is derived from isomonodromy, indicating that the above result
is the classical analogue of their conjectural Kohno-Drinfeld theorem for
quantum Weyl groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7340 </DOCNO>
Electronic properties of quantum bars


  Spectrum of boson fields and two-point correlators are analyzed in a quantum
bar system (a superlattice formed by two crossed interacting arrays of quantum
wires), with short range interwire interaction. The standard bosonization
procedure is shown to be valid, within the two wave approximation. The system
behaves as a sliding Luttinger liquid in the vicinity of the Gamma point, but
its spectral and correlation characteristics have either 1D or 2D nature
depending on the direction of the wave vector in the rest of the Brillouin
zone. Due to interwire interaction, unperturbed states, propagating along the
two arrays of wires, are always mixed, and the transverse components of the
correlation functions do not vanish. This mixing is especially strong around
the diagonal of the Brillouin zome, when tranverse correlators have the same
order of magnitude as the longitudinal ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6140 </DOCNO>
From single dots to interacting arrays


  We explore the structural changes in charge the density and the electron
configuration of quantum dots caused by the presence of other dots in an array,
and the interaction of neighboring dots. We discuss what recent measurements
and calculation of the far-infrared absorption reveal about almost isolated
quantum dots and investigate some aspects of the complex transition from
isolated dots to dots with strongly overlapping electron density. We also
address the the effects on the magnetization of such dot array.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74677 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Emission in String Theory and the String Phase of Black Holes


  String theory properly describes black-hole evaporation. The quantum string
emission by Black Holes is computed. The black-hole temperature is the Hawking
temperature in the semiclassical quantum field theory (QFT) regime and becomes
the intrinsic string temperature, T_s, in the quantum (last stage) string
regime. The QFT-Hawking temperature T_H is upper bounded by the string
temperature T_S. The black hole emission spectrum is an incomplete gamma
function of (T_H - T_S). For T_H << T_S, it yields the QFT-Hawking emission.
For T_H \to T_S, it shows highly massive string states dominate the emission
and undergo a typical string phase transition to a microscopic `minimal' black
hole of mass M_{\min} or radius r_{\min} (inversely proportional to T_S) and
string temperature T_S. The string back reaction effect (selfconsistent black
hole solution of the semiclassical Einstein equations) is computed. Both, the
QFT and string black hole regimes are well defined and bounded.The string
`minimal' black hole has a life time tau_{min} simeq (k_B c)/(G hbar [T_S]^3).
The semiclassical QFT black hole (of mass M and temperature T_H) and the string
black hole (of mass M_{min} and temperature T_S) are mapped one into another by
a `Dual' transform which links classical/QFT and quantum string regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75760 </DOCNO>
Self consistent estimates of magnetic fields from reheating


  We investigate the generation of primordial magnetic fields from stochastic
currents created by the cosmological transition from inflation to reheating. We
consider N charged scalar fields coupled to the electromagnetic field in a
curved background and derive self-consistent equations for the evolution of the
two point functions of the fields, which in the large N limit give a decoupled
set for the scalar and the electromagnetic functions. The main contribution to
the electric current comes from the infrared portion of the spectrum of created
particles, and in this limit the damping of the magnetic field is not due to
normal conductivity but to London currents in the scalar field. For a given set
of the physical parameters of the problem, we solved this equation numerically
and found that, due to the fact that the London currents are oscillating, the
field actually grows exponentially during the time interval in which our
large-N limit equations are valid. Although for the chosen parameters the
induced field is weak, the present uncertainties on their actual values leave
open the possibility for higher intensities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169016 </DOCNO>
Efficient Classical Simulation of Continuous Variable Quantum


  We obtain sufficient conditions for the efficient simulation of a continuous
variable quantum algorithm or process on a classical computer. The resulting
theorem is an extension of the Gottesman-Knill theorem to continuous variable
quantum information. For a collection of harmonic oscillators, any quantum
process that begins with unentangled Gaussian states, performs only
transformations generated by Hamiltonians that are quadratic in the canonical
operators, and involves only measurements of canonical operators (including
finite losses) and suitable operations conditioned on these measurements can be
simulated efficiently on a classical computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1231 </DOCNO>
Chemical Potential Shift in Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$: Contrasting


  We have studied the chemical potential shift in the electron-doped
superconductor Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ by precise measurements of
core-level photoemission spectra. The result shows that the chemical potential
monotonously increases with electron doping, quite differently from
La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$, where the shift is suppressed in the underdoped
region.
 If the suppression of the shift in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ is attributed
to strong stripe fluctuations, the monotonous increase of the chemical
potential is consistent with the absence of stripe fluctuations in
Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$. The chemical potential jump between
Nd$_{2}$CuO$_{4}$ and La$_{2}$CuO$_{4}$ is found to be much smaller than the
optical band gaps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5202 </DOCNO>
Reconstructing the initial conditions of our Universe by optimal mass


  Reconstructing the density fluctuations in the early Universe that evolved
into the present observed Universe is a challenge of modern cosmology [ref.].
An accurate reconstruction would allow us to test cosmological models by
simulating the evolution starting from the reconstructed state and comparing it
to the observations. Several reconstruction techniques have been proposed [8
refs.], but they all suffer from lack of uniqueness because the velocities of
galaxies are usually not known. Here we show that reconstruction can be reduced
to a well-determined problem of optimisation, and present a specific algorithm
that provides excellent agreement when tested against data from N-body
simulations. By applying our algorithm to the new redshift surveys now underway
[ref.], we will be able to recover reliably the properties of the primeval
fluctuation field of the local Universe and determine accurately the peculiar
velocities and the true positions of many more galaxies than is feasible by any
direct method.
  A version of the paper with higher-quality figures is available at
http://www.obs-nice.fr/etc7/nature.pdf

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125586 </DOCNO>
Statistical Properties of Galactic Starlight Polarization


  We present a statistical analysis of Galactic interstellar polarization from
the largest compilation available of starlight data. The data comprises ~ 9300
stars of which we have selected ~ 5500 for our analysis. We find a nearly
linear growth of mean polarization degree with extinction. The amplitude of
this correlation shows that interstellar grains are not fully aligned with the
Galactic magnetic field, which can be interpreted as the effect of a large
random component of the field. In agreement with earlier studies of more
limited scope, we estimate the ratio of the uniform to the random
plane-of-the-sky components of the magnetic field to be B_u/B_r = 0.8.
Moreover, a clear correlation exists between polarization degree and
polarization angle what provides evidence that the magnetic field geometry
follows Galactic structures on large-scales. The angular power spectrum C_l of
the starlight polarization degree for Galactic plane data (|b| < 10 deg) is
consistent with a power-law, C_l ~ l^{-1.5} (where l ~ 180 deg/\theta is the
multipole order), for all angular scales \theta > 10 arcmin. An investigation
of sparse and inhomogeneous sampling of the data shows that the starlight data
analyzed traces an underlying polarized continuum that has the same power
spectrum slope, C_l ~ l^{-1.5}. Our findings suggest that starlight data can be
safely used for the modeling of Galactic polarized continuum emission at other
wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of Upper Critical Field as an Indicator of Boson


  The temperature dependence of upper critical field B_c2 was determined from
the shift of resistive transition \Delta T(B) in nearly optimally doped
Nd_{2-x}Ce_xCuO_{4-y} single crystals. Within the experimental accuracy, the
weak-field data are described by power function B_c2 ~ (\Delta T)^{3/2}. This
result is compared with the data on heat capacity and analyzed in the context
of possible manifestations of boson effects in superconductivity. The
temperature dependence of B_c2 persists down to the lowest temperatures, but
the numerical values of B_c2 below 1 K are different for different samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81333 </DOCNO>
Quantum Link Models with Many Rishon Flavors and with Many Colors


  Quantum link models are a novel formulation of gauge theories in terms of
discrete degrees of freedom. These degrees of freedom are described by quantum
operators acting in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. We show that for
certain representations of the operator algebra, the usual Yang-Mills action is
recovered in the continuum limit. The quantum operators can be expressed as
bilinears of fermionic creation and annihilation operators called rishons.
Using the rishon representation the quantum link Hamiltonian can be expressed
entirely in terms of color-neutral operators. This allows us to study the large
N_c limit of this model. In the 't Hooft limit we find an area law for the
Wilson loop and a mass gap. Furthermore, the strong coupling expansion is a
topological expansion in which graphs with handles and boundaries are
suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41452 </DOCNO>
GUT Model Predictions for Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Compatible


  Within the framework of an SO(10) GUT model that can accommodate both the
atmospheric and the LMA solar neutrino mixing solutions, we present explicit
predictions for the neutrino oscillation parameters \sin^2 2\theta_{13}, \sin^2
2\theta_{12}, \sin^2 2\theta_{23}, and \Delta m^2_{21}. Precise measurements of
\sin^2 2\theta_{12} and \Delta m^2_{21} by KamLAND can be used to precisely
determine the GUT model parameters. We find that the model can then be tested
at Neutrino Superbeams and Neutrino Factories with precision neutrino
oscillation measurements of \sin^2 2\theta_{23}, \sin^2 2\theta_{13}, and the
leptonic CP phase \delta_{CP}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126067 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Structure from Spatial Condensation and Reproducing Dark


  Accounting for large-scale structure in our universe will require not only
reasonably accurate mathematical models of its cosmogony, topology and
cosmology, but also a more deeper understanding of our fundamental physical
concepts of space, time and energy. The foundations for a new "Spatial
Condensation (SC-)" cosmological model for our closed 3-D universe has already
been presented and this paper will explore the new and different predictions
for the evolution of its large-scale structure. Accounting begins with a
spatial condensation solution of the "cosmological constant" problem for the
infamous 10^120 factor for vacuum energy. The newly derived "expansion forces"
demark that distance where gravity gives way to the Hubble flow and decelerates
peculiar velocities towards "rest" in the comoving reference frame. The
postulated new dark mass, that scales differently than matter with the
expansion, provides the seeds for the condensation of matter and the formation
of black holes even before the decoupling of matter and radiation. Graphics of
the predicted size of large-scale structures are presented versus astronomical
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72774 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Scaling Violations (II). The general supersymmetric


  Using a recursive algorithm to solve the renormalization group equations of
N=1 QCD (DGLAP), we describe the most general supersymmetric evolution of the
parton distributions. The analysis involves the regular DGLAP evolution, a
partial supersymmetric intermediate evolution and a final supersymmetric
evolution combined at various matching scales. We use a model in which
supersymmetric distributions are radiatively generated at each susy threshold
due to the mixing of the QCD anomalous dimensions with the N=1 sector. Various
types of matching conditions are considered, reflecting partially broken and
exact supersymmetric scenarios with a wide range of susy-breaking mass
parameters. Numerical results for all the distributions are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128560 </DOCNO>
Another bar in the Bulge


  A map of the projected density of the old stellar population of the Galactic
Bulge region is reconstructed using 2MASS data. By making a combination of the
H and K photometric bands, it is possible to overcome the effect of reddening,
and thus penetrate the inner structure of the Galactic Bulge. The main
structure in the map corresponds to the well documented peanut shaped bar which
is formed by the inner parts of the Galactic disk as a result of dynamical
instabilities. As suggested by numerical simulations, the projected Z profile
of the bar, has an almost exponential shape. After subtracting the exponential
profile associated with the bar, a large residual appear near the Galactic
Center. This residual is elongated and asymmetrical, which suggest a bar
structure. Thus we arrive at the conclusion that in addition to the main bar a
smaller bar with a different orientation may exist in the central region of the
Milky Way. This finding makes the Milky Way very similar to a large number of
barred spiral Galaxies which show as well a smaller bar in their central
regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168112 </DOCNO>
Interpretations of quantum mechanics, and interpretations of violation


  The discussion of the foundations of quantum mechanics is complicated by the
fact that a number of different issues are closely entangled. Three of these
issues are i) the interpretation of probability, ii) the choice between realist
and empiricist interpretations of the mathematical formalism of quantum
mechanics, iii) the distinction between measurement and preparation. It will be
demonstrated that an interpretation of violation of Bell's inequality by
quantum mechanics as evidence of non-locality of the quantum world is a
consequence of a particular choice between these alternatives. Also a
distinction must be drawn between two forms of realism, viz. a) realist
interpretations of quantum mechanics, b) the possibility of hidden-variables
(sub-quantum) theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124947 </DOCNO>
The Inverse Compton Emission Spectra in the Very Early Afterglows of


  We calculate the spectra of inverse Compton (IC) emissions in gamma-ray burst
(GRB) shocks produced when relativistic ejecta encounters the external
interstellar medium, assuming a broken power-law approximation to the
synchrotron seed spectrum. Four IC processes, including the synchrotron
self-Compton (SSC) processes in GRB forward and reverse shocks, and two
combined-IC processes (i.e. scattering of reverse shock photons on the
electrons in forward shocks and forward shock photons on the electrons in
reverse shocks), are considered. We find that the SSC emission from reverse
shocks dominates over other emission processes in energy bands from tens of MeV
to tens of GeV, for a wide range of shock parameters. This mechanism may be
responsible for the prompt high energy gamma-rays detected by the Energetic
Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET). At TeV energy bands, however, the
combined-IC emissions and/or the SSC emission from the forward shocks become
increasingly dominant for a moderately steep distribution of shocked electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2631 </DOCNO>
Field-Induced Magnetic Order in Quantum Spin Liquids


  We study magnetic field-induced three-dimensional ordering transitions in
low-dimensional quantum spin liquids, such as weakly coupled, antiferromagnetic
spin-1/2 Heisenberg dimers and ladders. Using stochastic series expansion
quantum Monte Carlo simulations, thermodynamic response functions are obtained
down to ultra-low temperatures. We extract the critical scaling exponents which
dictate the power-law dependence of the transition temperature on the applied
magnetic field. These are compared with recent experiments on candidate
materials and with predictions for the Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons
obtained in mean-field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113428 </DOCNO>
A stochastic rainbow caustic observed with cold atoms


  We report the direct observation of a novel type of rainbow caustic. In
contrast to known examples, this caustic originates from a dissipative,
stochastic process. We have observed this using cold ^{87}Rb atoms bouncing
inelastically on an evanescent-wave atom mirror. The caustic appears as a sharp
peak at the lower edge of the asymmetric velocity distribution of the bouncing
atoms. The stochastic process is a spontaneous Raman transition due to photon
scattering during the bounce. The results are in good agreement with a
classical calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 499 </DOCNO>
Single hole dynamics in the t-J model on two- and three-leg ladders


  The dynamics of a single hole in the t-J model on two- (2LL) and three- (3LL)
leg ladders is studied using a recently developed quantum Monte Carlo
algorithm. For the 2LL it is shown that in addition to the most pronounced
features of the spectral function, well described by the limit of strong
coupling along the rungs, a clear shadow band appears in the antibonding
channel. Moreover, both the bonding band and its shadow have a finite
quasiparticle (QP) weight in the thermodynamic limit. For strong coupling along
the rungs of the 3LL, the low-energy spectrum in the antisymmetric channel is
similar to a one-dimensional chain, whereas in the two symmetric channels it
resembles the 2LL. The QP weight vanishes in the antisymmetric channel, but is
finite in the symmetric one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148613 </DOCNO>
Computing noncommutative Chern-Simons theory radiative corrections on


  We show that the renormalized U(N) noncommutative Chern-Simons theory can be
defined in perturbation theory so that there are no loop corrections to the 1PI
functional of the theory in an arbitrary homogeneous axial (time-like,
light-like or space-like) gauge. We define the free propagators of the fields
of the theory by using the Leibbrandt-Mandelstam prescription --which allows
Wick rotation and is consistent with power-counting-- and regularize its Green
functions with the help of a family of regulators which explicitly preserve the
infinitesimal vector Grassmann symmetry of the theory. We also show that in
perturbation theory the nonvanishing Green functions of the elementary fields
of the theory are products of the free propagators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41517 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Production by Cosmic Rays


  Ultra-high energy cosmic rays create black holes in scenarios with extra
dimensions and TeV-scale gravity. In particular, cosmic neutrinos will produce
black holes deep in the atmosphere, initiating quasi-horizontal showers far
above the standard model rate. At the Auger Observatory, hundreds of black hole
events may be observed, providing evidence for extra dimensions and the first
opportunity for experimental study of microscopic black holes. If no black
holes are found, the fundamental Planck scale must be above 2 TeV for any
number of extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73442 </DOCNO>
Inflation with bulk fields in the Randall-Sundrum warped


  Randall and Sundrum have proposed that we live on a brane embedded in
5-dimensional anti-deSitter space, as a solution to the hierarchy problem. We
examine the possibility of using a scalar field in the 5-D bulk as the
inflaton, and show that it gives results which are indistinguishable from an
inflaton which is restricted to our brane. This makes it difficult to get large
enough density perturbations in simple one-field inflationary models, since
mass scales on our brane are supposed to be limited by a cutoff of order 1 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148712 </DOCNO>
4D, N=1 Born-Infeld supergravity


  We propose the 4D, N=1 supergravitational analogues (avatars) of the 4D, N=1
supersymmetric Born-Infeld action in four dimensions for the first time, by
using superspace. In particular, a new Born-Infeld type generalization of the
Weyl supergravity action is given. A natural new Born-Infeld type
generalization of the Einstein supergravity is found as well. We also brielfy
discuss a construction of the four-dimensional Born-Infeld-Einstein
supergravity from the AdS supergravity in five dimensions, which seems to be
very natural in our approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74134 </DOCNO>
Neutrino asymmetry generation in the early Universe (from active-sterile


  Neutrino asymmetry generation from active-sterile neutrino oscillations in
the early Universe has different important cosmological effects. We discuss its
basic features and present recent results on the borders of the generation for
mixing angles $\sin^2 2\theta_0\leq 10^{-7}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179527 </DOCNO>
Triaxial deformation in 10Be


  The triaxial deformation in $^{10}$Be is investigated using a microscopic
$\alpha+\alpha+n+n$ model. The states of two valence neutrons are
classified based on the molecular-orbit (MO) model, and the $\pi$-orbit is
introduced about the axis connecting the two $\alpha$-clusters for the
description of the rotational bands. There appear two rotational bands
comprised mainly of $K^\pi = 0^+$ and $K^\pi = 2^+$, respectively, at low
excitation energy, where the two valence neutrons occupy $K^\pi = 3/2^-$ or
$K^\pi = 1/2^-$ orbits. The triaxiality and the $K$-mixing are discussed in
connection to the molecular structure, particularly, to the spin-orbit
splitting. The extent of the triaxial deformation is evaluated in terms of the
electro-magnetic transition matrix elements (Davydov-Filippov model,
Q-invariant model), and density distribution in the intrinsic frame. The
obtained values turned out to be $\gamma = 15^o \sim 20^o$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96434 </DOCNO>
Non-antisymmetric versions of Nambu-Poisson and Lie algebroids


  We show that one can skip the skew-symmetry assumption in the definition of
Nambu-Poisson brackets. In other words, a n-ary bracket on the algebra of
smooth functions which satisfies the Leibniz rule and a n-ary version of the
Jacobi identity must be skew-symmetric. A similar result holds for a
non-antisymmetric version of Lie algebroids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97206 </DOCNO>
SO(3) Monopoles, Level-One Seiberg-Witten Moduli Spaces, and Witten's


  We prove Witten's formula relating the Donaldson and Seiberg-Witten series
modulo powers of degree $c+2$, with $c=-{1/4}(7\chi+11\sigma)$, for
four-manifolds obeying some mild conditions, where $\chi$ and $\sigma$ are
their Euler characteristic and signature. We use the moduli space of SO(3)
monopoles as a cobordism between a link of the Donaldson moduli space of
anti-self-dual SO(3) connections and links of the moduli spaces of
Seiberg-Witten monopoles. Gluing techniques allow us to compute contributions
from Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces lying in the first (or `one-bubble') level of
the Uhlenbeck compactification of the moduli space of SO(3) monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7019 </DOCNO>
Solvent evaporation of spin cast films: crust effects


  When a glassy polymer film is formed by evaporation, the region near the free
surface is polymer rich and becomes glassy first, as noticed long ago by
Scriven et al. We discuss the thickness of this "crust" and the time interval
where it is present -before freezing of the whole film. We argue that the crust
is under mechanical tension, nd should form some cracks. This may be the source
of the roughness observed on the final, dry films, when the solvent vapor
pressure is high (and leads to thin crusts).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125335 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear redshift distortions: The two-point correlation function


  We consider a situation where the density and peculiar velocities in real
space are linear, and we calculate \xi_s the two-point correlation function in
redshift space, incorporating all non-linear effects which arise as a
consequence of the map from real to redshift space. Our result is
non-perturbative and it includes the effects of possible multi-streaming in
redshift space. We find that the deviations from the predictions of the linear
redshift distortion analysis increase for the higher spherical harmonics of
\xi_s. While the deviations are insignificant for the monopole \xi_0, the
hexadecapole \xi_4 exhibits large deviations from the linear predictions. For a
COBE normalised \Gamma=0.25, h=0.5 CDM power spectrum our results for \xi_4
deviate from the linear predictions by a factor of two at the scales ~10 h^{-1}
Mpc. The deviations from the linear predictions depend separately on \Omega and
b. This holds the possibility of removing the degeneracy that exists between
these two parameters in the linear analysis of redshift surveys which yields
only \beta=\Omega^0.6/b. We also show that the commonly used phenomenological
model where the non-linear redshift two-point correlation function is
calculated by convolving the linear redshift correlation function with an
isotropic pair velocity distribution function is a limiting case of our result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76572 </DOCNO>
Experimental Studies of Diffractive Processes at HERA


  Diffractive processes in photon-proton interactions at HERA offer the
opportunity to improve the understanding of the transition between the soft,
non-perturbative regime in hadronic interactions at $Q^2 = 0$ and the
perturbative region at high $Q^2$. Recent experimental results from HERA on
inclusive diffractive scattering, exclusive vector meson production and the
properties of the hadronic final state in diffraction are reviewed. The results
are discussed in the context of current theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127327 </DOCNO>
The Electron Temperature and 44Ti Decay Rate in Cassiopeia A


  The effects of plasma elemental composition and ionization state on the
effective decay rate of 44Ti are investigated. We essentially follow the
methods of the first authors to treat this topic, Mochizuki et al., but use
more realistic plasma models, including radiative cooling, to compute the
evolution of the charge state distribution behind the reverse shock. For
uniform density ejecta (i.e. no clumps or bubbles) we find a negligible change
to the decay rate of 44Ti. We discuss the effects of non-uniform ejecta. We
also briefly consider the effects on these calculations of collisionless
electron heating associated with weak secondary shocks propagating throughout
the Cas A shell as a result of foward or reverse shock encounters with density
inhomogeneities, recently suggested as an explanation for the hard X-ray tail
seen in BeppoSAX and RXTE/OSSE spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168296 </DOCNO>
Jump time and passage time: the duration of a quantum transition


  Under unitary evolution, systems move gradually from state to state. An
unstable atom has amplitude in its original state after many lifetimes
($\tau_L$). But in the laboratory, transitions seem to go instantaneously, as
suggested by the term "quantum jump."
  The problem studied here is whether the "jump" can be assigned a duration, in
theory and in experiment. Two characteristic times are defined, jump time
($\tau_J$) and passage time ($\tau_P$). Both use Zeno time, $\tau_Z$, defined
in terms of $H$ and its initial state as $\tau_Z \equiv \hbar/\sqrt{<\psi|
(H-E_\psi)^2 |\psi>}$, with $E_\psi \equiv <\psi|H|\psi>$.
  $\tau_J$ is defined in terms of the time needed to slow (\`a la the quantum
Zeno effect) the decay: $\tau_J \equiv \tau_Z^2/\tau_L$. It appears in several
contexts. It is related to tunneling time in barrier penetration. Its inverse
is the bandwidth of the Hamiltonian, in a time-energy uncertainty principle.
$\tau_J$ is also an indicator of the duration of the quadratic decay regime in
both experiment and in numerical calculations (cf. Fig.~2 of PRA 57,1509
(1998).)
  The passage time, $\tau_P$, arises from unitary evolution sans
interpretation. It is based on a bound of Fleming (Nuov. Cim. 16 A, 232
(1973)): for any $H$ and $\psi$ a system cannot evolve to a state orthogonal to
$\psi$ for $t< \tau_P \equiv \pi \tau_Z/2$. By including apparatus in $H$,
$\tau_P$ limits the observation of decay according to the quantum measurement
ideas proposed in "Time's Arrows and Quantum Measurement," Cambridge U. Press,
1997, thereby allowing an experimental test of these ideas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168267 </DOCNO>
Quantum control of population inversion in the presence of spontaneous


  The detrimental effect of spontaneous emission on the performance of control
schemes designed to achieve population inversion between the ground state and a
highly excited atomic state are studied using computer simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74177 </DOCNO>
Causality and radiatively induced CPT violation


  We consider quantum electrodynamics with an additional Lorentz- and
CPT-violating axial-vector term in the fermionic sector and discuss the
possibility that radiative corrections induce a Lorentz- and CPT-violating
Chern-Simons-like term for the gauge field. From the requirement of causality
and the assumed validity of perturbation theory, we conclude that the induced
Chern-Simons-like term must be absent in the full quantum field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73545 </DOCNO>
The solar LMA neutrino oscillation solution in the Zee model


  We examine the neutrino mass matrix in the version of Zee model where both
Higgs doublets couple to the leptons. We show that in this case one can
accommodate the large mixing angle (LMA) MSW solution of the solar neutrino
problem, while avoiding maximal solar mixing and conflicts with constraints on
lepton family number-violating interactions. In the simplified scenario we
consider, we have the neutrino mass spectrum characterized by $m_1 \simeq m_2
\simeq \sqrt{\Delta m^2_\mathrm{atm}}/\sin 2\theta$ and $m_3/m_1 \simeq \cos
2\theta$, where $\theta$ is the solar mixing angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123521 </DOCNO>
The Hubble Constant from SZE Measurements in Low-Redshift Clusters


  We present a determination of the Hubble constant from measurements of the
Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect (SZE) in an orientation-unbiased sample of 7 z < 0.1
galaxy clusters. With improved X-ray models and a more accurate 32-GHz
calibration, we obtain H_O = 64+14-11 +/- 14_sys km/s/Mpc. for a standard CDM
cosmology, or 66+14-11 +/- 15_sys km/s/Mpc for a flat LambdaCDM cosmology. The
random uncertainty in this result is dominated by intrinsic CMB anisotropies,
and the systematic uncertainty is chiefly due to uncertainties in the X-ray
spectral models. The implications of this result and future prospects for the
method are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41395 </DOCNO>
Search for the rare decay K+ -> pi+ gamma


  We have performed a search for the angular-momentum forbidden decay K+ -> pi+
gamma with the E787 detector at BNL. No events were observed in the pi+
kinematic region around 227 MeV/c. An upper limit on the branching ratio for
the decay is determined to be 3.6 x 10^{-7} at 90% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96569 </DOCNO>
Homegeneity of the pure state space for separable C*-algebras


  We prove that the pure state space is homogeneous under the action of the
automorphism group (or a certain smaller group of approximately inner
automorphisms) for a fairly large class of simple separable nuclear
C*-algebras, including the approximately homogeneous C*-algebras and the class
of purely infinite C*-algebras which has been recently classified by Kirchberg
and Phillips. This extends the known results for UHF algebras and AF algebras
by Powers and Bratteli.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124973 </DOCNO>
SN1993J VLBI (I): The Center of the Explosion and a Limit on Anisotropic


  Phase-referenced VLBI observations of supernova 1993J at 24 epochs, from 50
days after shock breakout to the present, allowed us to determine the
coordinates of the explosion center relative to the quasi-stationary core of
the host galaxy M81 with an accuracy of 45 micro-arcsec, and to determine the
nominal proper motion of the geometric center of the radio shell with an
accuracy of 9micro-arcsec/yr. The uncertainties correspond to 160 AU for the
position and 160 km/s for the proper motion at the distance of the source of
3.63 Mpc. After correcting for the expected galactic proper motion of the
supernova around the core of M81 using HI rotation curves, we obtain a peculiar
proper motion of the radio shell center of only 320 +/- 160 km/s to the south,
which limits any possible one-sided expansion of the shell. We also find that
the shell is highly circular, the outer contours in fact being circular to
within 3%. Combining our proper motion values with the degree of circular
symmetry, we find that the expansion of the shockfront from the explosion
center is isotropic to within 5.5% in the plane of the sky. This is a more
fundamental result on isotropic expansion than can be derived from the
circularity of the images alone. The brightness of the radio shell, however,
varies along the ridge and systematically changes with time. The degree of
isotropy in the expansion of the shockfront contrasts with the asymmetries and
polarization found in optical spectral lines. Asymmetric density distributions
in the ejecta or more likely in the circumstellar medium, are favored to
reconcile the radio and optical results. We see no sign of any disk-like
density distribution of the circumstellar material, with the average axis ratio
of the radio shell of SN1993J being less than 1.04.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128227 </DOCNO>
Negative Skewness of Pairwise Peculiar Velocity in the Quasi-Nonlinear


  According to N-body numerical simulations, the pairwise peculiar velocities
of galaxies have negative skewness in the quasi-nonlinear regime. To understand
its origin, we calculate the probability distribution function of the pairwise
velocities using the Zel'dovich approximation, i.e., an approximation for
gravitational clustering. The calculated probability distribution function is
in good agreement with the result of a N-body simulation. Thus the negative
skewness originates in relative motions of galaxies in the clustering process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168422 </DOCNO>
Dielectric black hole analogues


  Alternative to the sonic black hole analogues we discuss a different scenario
for modeling the Schwarzschild geometry in a laboratory - the dielectric black
hole. The dielectric analogue of the horizon occurs if the velocity of the
medium with a finite permittivity exceeds the speed of light in that medium.
The relevance for experimental tests of the Hawking effect and possible
implications are addressed. PACS: 04.70.Dy, 04.62.+v, 04.80.-y, 42.50.Gy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83804 </DOCNO>
Assigning Satisfaction Values to Constraints: An Algorithm to Solve


  The model of Dynamic Meta-Constraints has special activity constraints which
can activate other constraints. It also has meta-constraints which range over
other constraints. An algorithm is presented in which constraints can be
assigned one of five different satisfaction values, which leads to the
assignment of domain values to the variables in the CSP. An outline of the
model and the algorithm is presented, followed by some initial results for two
problems: a simple classic CSP and the Car Configuration Problem. The algorithm
is shown to perform few backtracks per solution, but to have overheads in the
form of historical records required for the implementation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2963 </DOCNO>
Pressure driven neutral-ionic transition in ClMePD-DMeDCNQI


  Application of about 0.8 GPa pressure is sufficient to induce the
neutral-ionic transition in the mixed stack charge-transfer crystal
2-chloro-5-methyl-$p$-phenylenediamine--2,5-dimethyl-dicyanoquinonediimine
({\CD}). The ionicity increases continuously from $\sim$ 0.35 at ambient
conditions to $\sim$ 0.65 when the pressure is raised up to 2 GPa. Moreover,
stack dimerization begins well before the crossing of the neutral-ionic
interface. The evolution of the transition is similar to what observed in the
temperature induced phase change in the same compound. (cond-mat/0101179) A
distinguishing feature is represented by the simultaneous presence of domains
of molecules with slightly different ionicities across the transition pressure.
A comparison of the present example of pressure driven neutral-ionic transition
with the well studied cases of tetrathiafulvalene--chloranil and of
tetrathiafulvalene--2,5-dichloro-p-benzoquinone puts in evidence the remarkably
different evolution of the three transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4421 </DOCNO>
Predictability of Currency Market Exchange


  We analyze tick data of yen-dollar exchange with a focus on its up and down
movement. We show that there exists a rather particular conditional probability
structure with such high frequency data. This result provides us with evidence
to question one of the basic assumption of the traditional market theory, where
such bias in high frequency price movements is regarded as not present. We also
construct systematically a random walk model reflecting this probability
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123921 </DOCNO>
A Chandra Study of Sgr A East: A Supernova Remnant Regulating The


  We report on the X-ray emission from the shell-like, non-thermal radio source
Sgr A East located in the inner few parsecs of the Galaxy based on observations
made with the ACIS detector on board Chandra. This is the first time Sgr A East
has been clearly resolved from other complex structures in the region. The
X-ray emitting region is concentrated within the central $\simeq 2$ pc of the
larger radio shell. The spectrum shows strong K$\alpha$ lines from highly
ionized ions of S, Ar, Ca, and Fe. A simple isothermal plasma model gives
electron temperature $\sim 2$ keV, absorption column $\sim 1 \times 10^{23}$
H/cm^2, luminosity $\sim 8 \times 10^{34}$ ergs/s in the 2--10 keV band, and
gas mass $\sim 2\eta^{1/2}$ M$_{\odot}$ with a filling factor $\eta$. The
plasma appears to be rich in heavy elements, over-abundant by roughly a factor
of four with respect to solar abundances, and shows a spatial gradient of
elemental abundance: the spatial distribution of iron is more compact than that
of the lighter elements. The gas mass and elemental abundance of the X-ray
emission support the long-standing hypothesis that Sgr A East is a supernova
remnant (SNR), maybe produced by the Type II supernova explosion of a massive
star with a main-sequence mass of 13--20 M$_\odot$. The combination of the
radio and X-ray morphologies classifies Sgr A East as a new metal-rich ``mixed
morphology'' (MM) SNR. The size of the Sgr A East radio shell is the smallest
of the known MM SNRs, which strongly suggests that the ejecta have expanded
into a very dense interstellar medium. The ejecta-dominated chemical
compositions of the plasma indicate that the ambient materials should be highly
homogeneous. The relation between Sgr A East and the massive blackhole Sgr A*
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148484 </DOCNO>
Comments on Born-Infeld Theory


  The low-energy effective action of supersymmetric D-brane systems consists of
two terms, one of which is of the Born-Infeld type and one of which is of the
Chern-Simons type. I briefly review the status of our understanding of these
terms for both the Abelian and non-Abelian cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96436 </DOCNO>
The Weierstrass representation for pluriminimal submanifolds


  In this note we prove a Weierstrass representation formula for pluriminimal
submanifolds of euclidean spaces. We use this formula to produce new families
of examples of pluriminimal submanifolds. We also prove that any affine
algebraic manifold can be pluriminimally embedded into some euclidean space in
a non holomorphic manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85989 </DOCNO>
Conserved currents for general teleparallel models


  The obstruction for the existence of an energy momentum tensor for the
gravitational field is connected with differential-geometric features of the
Riemannian manifold. It has not to be valid for alternative geometrical
structures. In this article a general 3-parameter class of teleparallel models
is considered. The field equation turns out to have a form completely similar
to the Maxwell field equation $d*\F^a=\T^a$. By applying the Noether procedure,
the source 3-form $\T^a$ is shown to be connected with the diffeomorphism
invariance of the Lagrangian. Thus the source of the coframe field is
interpreted as the total conserved energy-momentum current of the system. A
reduction of the conserved current to the Noether current and the Noether
charge for the coframe field is provided. An energy-momentum tensor for the
coframe field is defined in a diffeomorphism invariant and a translational
covariant way. The total energy-momentum current of a system is conserved. Thus
a redistribution of the energy-momentum current between material and coframe
(gravity) field is possible in principle, unlike as in GR. The energy-momentum
tensor is calculated for various teleparallel models: the pure Yang-Mills type
model, the anti-Yang-Mills type model and the generalized teleparallel
equivalent of GR. The latter case can serve as a very close alternative to the
GR description of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77142 </DOCNO>
Damped $\sin(\beta-\alpha)$ of Higgs couplings and the lightest Higgs


  In the decoupling limit, $M^2_{A^0} \gg M^2_Z$, the heavy CP-even, CP-odd and
charged Higgs boson masses are nearly degenerate, $\sin(\beta-\alpha)$
approaches 1, and the lightest CP-even Higgs boson almost displays the same
properties as the Standard Model Higgs boson. But the stop and sbottom sector
can change this pattern through radiative corrections. We find that there are
parameter regions at small, moderate and large $\tan\beta$ in MSSM under
experimental constraints of $(g-2)_{\mu}$ and $b\to s\gamma$, where
$\sin^2(\beta-\alpha)$ is damped (say below 0.8), which has a significant
effect on Higgs couplings $g_{h^0VV} (V=W^\pm,Z^0)$ and $g_{h^0\gamma\gamma}$.
We discuss its impact on the lightest CP-even Higgs production at
$\gamma\gamma$ colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3984 </DOCNO>
Skyrmion Physics in Bose-Einstein Ferromagnets


  We show that a ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate has not only line-like
vortex excitations, but in general also allows for point-like topological
excitations, i.e., skyrmions. We discuss the thermodynamic stability and the
dynamic properties of these skyrmions for both spin-1/2 and ferromagnetic
spin-1 Bose gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2273 </DOCNO>
Anticorrelations, subbrownian stochastic drift, and 1/f-like spectra in


  Statistic dynamics of financial systems is investigated, basing on a model of
randomly coupled equation system driven by stochastic Langevin force. It is
found that in stable regime the noise power spectrum of the system is of
1/f^alpha form, with the exponent alpha=3/2 in case of Hermitian coupling
matrices, or slightly larger (up to 5/3) in nonhermitian case. In all cases it
leads to negative autocorrelation function of the increments of the variables
(prices, exchange rates), and to subbrownian stochastic drift of the variables.
The model can be generalized to arbitrary stable, driven by noise system of
randomly coupled components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97403 </DOCNO>
Multiple quantum products in toric varieties


  We generalize the author's formula for Gromov-Witten invariants of symplectic
toric manifolds (see math.AG/0006156) to those needed to compute the quantum
product of more than two classes directly, i.e. involving the pull-back of the
Poincar\'e dual of the point class in the Deligne-Mumford spaces $
\mathcal{M}_{0,m} $.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168973 </DOCNO>
A recursion technique for deriving renormalized perturbation expansions


  A new recursion procedure for deriving renormalized perturbation expansions
for the one-dimensional anharmonic oscillator is offered. Based upon the
$\hbar$-expansions and suitable quantization conditions, the recursion formulae
obtained have the same simple form both for ground and excited states and can
be easily applied to any renormalization scheme. As an example, the
renormalized expansions for the sextic anharmonic oscillator are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72520 </DOCNO>
RG generated fermion mass


  Chiral symmetry breaking in a purely fermionic theory is investigated by the
help of the renormalization group method. The RG equation for the running mass
$m_k$ admits a solution with vanishing bare mass and finite physical mass. The
running Fermi coupling constant, $G_k$, converges to a finite (renormalized)
physical value. It is also shown that the RG equation for $\tilde G$, the
dimensionless Fermi coupling, has an UV fixed point $\tilde G_{UV}$. Contrary
to a previous result however, it is proven that the chiral symmetry breaking
point $\tilde G_c$ does not coincide with $\tilde G_{UV}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95633 </DOCNO>
Realization of the annihilation operator for generalized oscillator-like


  This work continues the research of generalized Heisenberg algebras connected
with several orthogonal polynomial systems. The realization of the annihilation
operator of the algebra corresponding to a polynomial system by a differential
operator A is obtained. The important special case of orthogonal polynomial
systems, for which the matrix of the operator A in $l^2(Z_+)$ has only
off-diagonal elements on the first upper diagonal different from zero, is
considered. The known generalized Hermite polynomials give us an example of
such orthonormal system. The replacement of the usual derivative by
q-derivative allows us to use the suggested approach for similar investigation
of various "deformed" polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76075 </DOCNO>
Collider Implications of Kaluza-Klein Excitations of the Electroweak


  It is possible for the SM fields to propagate into one or more large extra
compact dimensions. Such fields have associated KK excitations that produce
additional contributions to the SM processes. We calculate the effects that
these KK excitations have on cross sections for $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider processes
in a model in which the SM gauge bosons, and perhaps the Higgs, can propagate
into one TeV$^{-1}$-size extra compact dimension. Specifically, we consider
muon pair production, Bhabha scattering, dijet production, Higgs production,
and single-photon production. At prospective high energy $e^{+}e^{-}$
colliders, we find significant deviations from the SM cross sections: For
example, a 600 GeV collider produces a 20% reduction in the cross section for
muon pair production as compared to the SM for a compactification scale of 3.5
TeV. The effect is much smaller at LEP2 energies, where the compactification
scale must be lower than 2 TeV in order to produce a 6% effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72408 </DOCNO>
Further comment on pion electroproduction and the axial form factor


  We show that a recent claim (H.Haberzettl, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3576)
that one cannot extract the nucleon weak axial form factor G_A (t) from charged
pion threshold electroproduction is incorrect. Thus previous calculations
remain valid and threshold charged pion electroproduction experiments can
indeed be used to determine G_A (t), and they should certainly be pursued.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6159 </DOCNO>
Evaluation of the Bychkov- Rashba Field from the Spin Resonance of


  From spin resonance of two-dimensional (2D) conduction electrons in a
modulation doped SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum well structure we find a 2D anisotropy of
both the line broadening (dephasing time) and the g-factor. We show that these
can be explained consistently in terms of the Bychkov-Rashba (BR) field which
here is the dominant coupling between electron motion and spin. We obtain a BR
parameter of alpha = 1.1 e-12 eV cm - three orders of magnitude smaller as
compared to III-V wells. Extrapolating for low electron concentrations we
obtain a g-factor of the Si conduction band of 2.00073+/-0.00010.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81407 </DOCNO>
Fermion Determinants


  The current status of bounds on and limits of fermion determinants in two,
three and four dimensions in QED and QCD is reviewed. A new lower bound on the
two-dimensional QED determinant is derived. An outline of the demonstration of
the continuity of this determinant at zero mass when the background magnetic
field flux is zero is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128365 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Molecular Gas in the Outflow and Tidal Arms around M82


  We present the first fully sampled map of 12CO (1-0) emission from M82
covering the entire galaxy. Our map contains a 12 x 15 kpc^2 area. We find that
extraplanar CO emission, previously reported at short distances above the
galactic plane, extends to heights of up to 6 kpc above the disk. Some of this
emission is associated with tidal arms seen in HI, implying either that M82
contained substantial amounts of molecular gas in the outer disk, or that
molecular gas formed after the tidal features. CO emission along the direction
of the outflow extends to distances of 3 kpc above and below the disk. At this
distance, the line is shifted in velocity about 100 km/s, and has the same
sense as the galactic outflow from the central starburst. This implies that
molecular gas may be entrained into the outflow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174744 </DOCNO>
Searching for Quark Matter with Dileptons and Photons: from SPS to RHIC


  The heavy-ion programme at the CERN SPS, which started back in '86, has
produced a wealth of very interesting and intriguing results in the quest for
the quark-gluon plasma. The highlights of the programme on dilepton and direct
photon measurements are reviewed emphasizing the most recent results obtained
in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 A GeV. Prospects from RHIC are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126420 </DOCNO>
Ultra High Energy Neutrino-Relic Neutrino Interactions In Dark Halos to


  Ultra High Energy Neutrino scattering on Relic Light Neutrinos in Dark
Galactic or Local Group lead to Z and WW,ZZ showering: the nucleon component of
the shower may overcome the GZK cut-off while the electro-magnetic tail at TeVs
up to EeVs energy may solve the Infrared-TeV cut-off in a natural way.
Different Gamma TeV puzzles may find a solution within this scenario: new
predictions on UHECR spectra in future data are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114404 </DOCNO>
Pulsed electron source characterization with the modified three gradient


  Results from the Modified Three Gradient Method (MTGM), applied to a pulsed
high intensity electron source, are presented. The MTGM makes possible the
non-destructive determination of beam emittance in the space charge presence
[1]. We apply the MTGM to an experimental system equipped with a Pierce
convergent diode, working in pulse mode, and having a directly heated cathode
as electron source. This choice was mainly motivated by the availability of an
analytical characterization of this source type [2], as well as the extended
use of the Pierce type sources in linear accelerators. The experimental data
are processed with a numerical matching program, based on the K-V equation for
an axially symmetric configuration [3], to determine the emittance and object
cross-over position and diameter. The variation of these parameters is further
investigated with respect to both electrical and constructive characteristics
of the source: cathode heating current, extraction voltage, and cathode-anode
distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114260 </DOCNO>
Signal Archiving and Retrieval: Essential Long Term Performance Tuning


  The first two years of user service of the third generation light source
BESSY II emphasized the importance of a reliable, comprehensive and dense
logging of a few thousand setpoints, readbacks, status and alarm values. Today
data from sources with various characteristics residing in different protected
networks are centrally collected and retrievable via an uncomplex CGI program
to any desktop system on the site. Data post-processing tools cover Windows
applications, IDL, SDDS and custom programs matching users skills and
preferences. In this paper illustrative sample data explorations are described
that underline the importance of the logging system for operations as well as
for the understanding of singular events or long term drifts. Serious
shortcomings of the present installation and focus of further development are
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74516 </DOCNO>
Light Vector Meson Spectroscopy


  The current situation for vector meson spectroscopy is outlined, and it is
shown that the data are inconsistent with the generally-accepted model for
meson decay. A possible resolution in terms of exotic (hybrid) mesons is given.
Although this hypothesis resolves some of the issues, fresh theoretical
questions are raised. It is argued that high-precision $e^+e^-$ annihilation
data provide an excellent laboratory for studying many aspects of
nonperturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127617 </DOCNO>
Insights from Pulsating Nova Envelopes


  Based on a linear and non-linear study of radial pulsations in the envelopes
of classical novae (Schenker 1999), I discuss the results both from the point
of view of pulsation theory as well as their consequences for current nova
models.
  Starting from initially static envelope structures at various stages during
the decline of a nova outburst, strong `running wave' instabilities have been
found that rapidly grow into shocks. Improved analytical concepts give a new
direction to the interpretation of such highly non-adiabatic radial pulsations.
  For direct observational confirmation a search for short period variability
in the UV and soft X-ray is suggested during the very late decline phase.
Speculative consequences for mass loss scenarios in novae due to these
instabilities will need some more work in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1593 </DOCNO>
First passage time exponent for higher-order random walks:Using Levy


  We present a heuristic derivation of the first passage time exponent for the
integral of a random walk [Y. G. Sinai, Theor. Math. Phys. {\bf 90}, 219
(1992)]. Building on this derivation, we construct an estimation scheme to
understand the first passage time exponent for the integral of the integral of
a random walk, which is numerically observed to be $0.220\pm0.001$. We discuss
the implications of this estimation scheme for the $n{\rm th}$ integral of a
random walk. For completeness, we also address the $n=\infty$ case. Finally, we
explore an application of these processes to an extended, elastic object being
pulled through a random potential by a uniform applied force. In so doing, we
demonstrate a time reparameterization freedom in the Langevin equation that
maps nonlinear stochastic processes into linear ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41149 </DOCNO>
Improved D0 W Boson Mass Determination


  We present a measurement of the W boson mass in proton-antiproton collisions
at \sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV based on a data sample of 82 pb^-1 integrated luminosity
collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We utilize e \nu events
in which the electron shower is close to the phi edge of one of the 32 modules
in the D0 central calorimeter. The electromagnetic calorimenter response and
resolution in this region differs from that in the rest of the module and
electrons in this region were not previously utilized. We determine the
calorimeter response and resolution in this region using Z -> ee events. We
extract the W boson mass by fitting to the transverse mass and to the electron
and neutrino transverse momentum distributions. The result is combined with
previous D0 results to obtain an improved measurement of the W boson mass: m_W
= 80.483 +- 0.084 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128011 </DOCNO>
Probability distribution of density fluctuations in the non-linear


  We present a general procedure for obtaining the present density fluctuation
probability distribution given the statistics of the initial conditions. The
main difficulties faced with regard to this problem are those related to the
non-linear evolution of the density fluctuations and those posed by the fact
that the fields we are interested in are the result of filtering an underlying
field with structure down to scales much smaller than that of filtering. The
solution to the latter problem is discussed here in detail and the solution to
the former is taken from a previous work.
  We have checked the procedure for values of the rms density fluctuation as
large as 3/2 and several power spectra and found that it leads to results in
excellent agreement with those obtained in numerical simulations. We also
recover all available exact results from perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81079 </DOCNO>
Integrable and Conformal Boundary Conditions for Z_k Parafermions on a


  We study integrable and conformal boundary conditions for ^sl(2) Z_k
parafermions on a cylinder. These conformal field theories are realized as the
continuum scaling limit of critical A-D-E lattice models with negative spectral
parameter. The conformal boundary conditions labelled by (a,m) in (G, Z_{2k})
are identified with associated integrable lattice boundary conditions labelled
by (r,a) in (A_{g-2},G) where g is the Coxeter number of the A-D-E graph G. We
obtain analytically the boundary free energies, present general expressions for
the parafermion cylinder partition functions and confirm these results by
numerical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123871 </DOCNO>
Multi-Epoch Multiwavelength Spectra and Models for Blazar 3C~279


  Of the blazars detected by EGRET in GeV gamma rays, 3C 279 is not only the
best-observed by EGRET, but also one of the best-monitored at lower
frequencies. We have assembled eleven spectra, from GHz radio through GeV gamma
rays, from the time intervals of EGRET observations. Although some of the data
have appeared in previous publications, most are new, including data taken
during the high states in early 1999 and early 2000. All of the spectra show
substantial gamma-ray contribution to the total luminosity of the object; in a
high state, the gamma-ray luminosity dominates over that at all other
frequencies by a factor of more than 10. There is no clear pattern of time
correlation; different bands do not always rise and fall together, even in the
optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray bands.
  The spectra are modeled using a leptonic jet, with combined synchrotron
self-Compton + external Compton gamma-ray production. Spectral variability of
3C 279 is consistent with variations of the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet,
accompanied by changes in the spectral shape of the electron distribution. Our
modeling results are consistent with the UV spectrum of 3C 279 being dominated
by accretion disk radiation during times of low gamma-ray intensity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179470 </DOCNO>
Relevance of high-momentum nucleons for nuclear phenomena


  A brief review is given concerning the status of the theoretical work on
nucleon spectral functions. A recent concern about the validity of the concept
of spectroscopic factors as deduced from (e,e'p) reactions at higher Q^2, is
discussed in some detail. The consequences of the observed spectral strength
are then considered in the context of nuclear saturation. It is argued that
short-range correlations are mainly responsible for the actual value of the
observed charge density in 208Pb and by extension for the empirical value of
the saturation density of nuclear matter. This observation combined with the
general understanding of the spectroscopic strength suggests that a renewed
study of nuclear matter, emphasizing the self-consistent determination of the
spectral strength due to short-range and tensor correlations, may shed light on
the perennial nuclear saturation problem. First results using such a scheme are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128135 </DOCNO>
Outbursts of Classical Symbiotics: Multi-Wavelength Observations of the


  We describe the first results from a program of multi-wavelength monitoring
of symbiotic binary stars in outburst. The prototypical symbiotic star Z
Andromedae was observed extensively at radio, optical, far-UV, and X-ray
wavelengths during its current (ongoing) outburst. These observations provide
evidence for an initial obscuration or the source of ionizing radiation by an
optically thick shell of material, outflow with velocities of 100s of km/s,
plus collisional excitation and shock heating of the red-giant wind. In
addition, the optical light curve reveals variability on time scales as short
as days on both the rise to and decline from optical maximum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98585 </DOCNO>
Analytic Residues along Algebraic Cycles


  We present a restricted version of some affine Jacobi's residue formula (on
an affine algebraic variety) with applications to higher dimensional (and
affine) analogues of Wood's (or Reiss's) relations about the interpolation of
pieces of analytic manifolds. We also compare algebraic and analytic
constructions of residue currents along analytic cycles and sketch some of
their main properties. This work extend previous work of the authors in the
affine space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124518 </DOCNO>
Interpreting the Cosmic Infrared Background: Constraints on the


  We present a detailed interpretation of the spectrum of the cosmic infrared
background longwards of 5 microns and of galaxy counts from various surveys at
mid-infrared, far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths by evolving the
mid-infrared local luminosity function with redshift. We find that all
evolutionary models that fit the counts require a flattening at z~0.8 to avoid
overproducing the CIRB. About 80% of the 140 micron CIRB is produced at 0 < z <
1.5 while only about 30% of the 850 micron background is produced within the
same redshift range. The nature of the evolution is translated into a measure
of the dust enshrouded star formation rate density as a function of redshift
and compared with estimates from optical/near-infrared surveys. We find that
the dust obscured star formation rate density appears to peak at z=0.8+/-0.1,
much sooner than previously thought, with a value of 0.25+/-0.12 M_sun/yr and
remains almost constant up to z~2. At least 70% of this star formation takes
place in luminous infrared galaxies with L_IR > 10^11 L_sun. The long
wavelength observations that constrain our evolutionary models do not strongly
trace the evolution at z > 2 and a drop off in the dust enshrouded star
formation rate is consistent with both the CIRB spectrum and the number counts.
However, a comparison with the infrared luminosity function derived from
extinction corrected optical/UV observations of the Lyman-break galaxy (LBG)
population at z~3 suggests that the flat comoving star formation rate seen
between redshifts 0.8 and 2, extends up to a redshift of z~4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5789 </DOCNO>
Microscopic spin interactions in the CMR manganites


  Using inelastic neutron scattering we measured the microscopic magnetic
coupling associated with the ferromagnetic (FM) clusters of the ``colossal
magnetoresistance'' (CMR) compound Pr$_{0.70}$Ca$_{0.30}$MnO$_3$. When the
insulating to metal (I-M) transition is induced by an external magnetic field
there is a discontinuous change in the spin-wave stiffness constant. This
result indicates that the probed regions undergo a first-order transition from
an insulating to a metallic state, and that there are no FM metallic domains in
the insulating region. We argue that the I-M transition in the CMR manganites
is more complex than the simple percolation of large FM metallic clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168939 </DOCNO>
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for N quNits


  In this paper we show the series of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for
N maximally entangled N-dimensional quantum systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167938 </DOCNO>
Do Quantum Nonlocal Correlations Imply Information Transfer?- A Gedanken


  We study a generalization of the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen thought
experiment. It is essentially a delayed choice experiment as applied to
entangled particles. The basic idea is: given two observers sharing
position-momentum entangled photons, one party chooses whether she measures
position or momentum of her photons after the particles leave the source. The
other party should infer her action by checking for the absence or presence of
characteristic interference patterns after subjecting his particles to certain
optical pre-processing. An occurance of apparent signaling is attributed to the
difficulty in treating single photons simultaneously at a quantum mechanical
and quantum electrodynamic level, as required by the experiment, and points to
the need for a careful study of an aspect of the foundations of quantum
mechanics and electrodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149901 </DOCNO>
Symplectic Quantization of Open Strings and Noncommutativity in Branes


  We show how to translate boundary conditions into constraints in the
symplectic quantization method by an appropriate choice of generalized
variables. This way the symplectic quantization of an open string attached to a
brane in the presence of an antisymmetric background field reproduces the non
commutativity of the brane coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74409 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations in Moving and Polarized Matter under the Influence


  Within the recently proposed \cite{ELSt99, ELStpl00, ELSt00} Lorentz
invariant formalism for description of neutrino spin evolution in presence of
an arbitrary electromagnetic fields matter motion and polarization effects are
considered. It is shown that in the case of matter moving with relativistic
speed parallel to neutrino propagation, matter effects in neutrino spin (and
also flavour) oscillations are suppressed. In the case of relativistic motion
of matter in the opposite direction in respect to neutrino propagation,
sufficient increase of effects of matter in neutrino oscillations is predicted.
These phenomena could have important consequences in different astrophysical
environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2238 </DOCNO>
Converting the reset


  We give a simple algorithm to incorporate the effects of resets in
convertible bond prices, without having to add an extra factor to take into
account the value of the reset. Furthermore we show that the effect of a notice
period, and additional make-whole features, can be treated in a straightforward
and simple manner. Although we present these results with the stockprice driven
by geometric Brownian and a deterministic interest term structure, our results
can be extended to more general cases, e.g. stochastic interest rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98978 </DOCNO>
On Group-Theoretic Finite-Mode Approximation of 2D Ideal Hydrodynamics


  Structure constants of the $su(N)$ ($N$ odd) Lie algebras converge when N
goes to infinity to the structure constants of the Lie algebra {\it
sdiff}$(T^2)$ of the group of area-preserving diffeomorphisms of a 2D torus.
Thus Zeitlin and others hypothesized that solutions of the Euler equations
associated with $su(N)$ algebras converge to solutions of the Euler equations
of incompressible fluid dynamics on a 2D torus. In the paper we prove the
hypothesis. Our numerical experiments show the Galerkin method applied to Euler
equation of hydrodynamics is computationally more efficient in the range of
time in which it is stable than that based on the SU(N) approximation. However,
the latter is stable for much longer time. These numerical results agree with
theoretical expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149351 </DOCNO>
Melvin Background in Heterotic Theories


  We give an interpretation of the non-supersymmetric heterotic theories as the
supersymmetric heterotic theories on Melvin background with Wilson lines. The
coincidence of the partition functions are shown for most of the
non-supersymmetric theories. We also discuss the tachyonic instability in terms
of the non-trivial background fields. The behavior in the strong coupling
region is investigated by using the duality relations of the supersymmetric
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73513 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Fermion Masses Under the Influence of Kaluza-Klein Fermions in


  The dynamical fermion mass generation on the D3-brane in the Randall-Sundrum
space-time is discussed in a model with bulk fermions in interaction with
fermions on the branes. It is found that the dynamical fermion masses are
generated at the natural (R.-S.) radius of the compactified extra space and may
be made small compared with masses of the Kaluza-Klein modes which is of order
of TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114180 </DOCNO>
Electron trajectory in the hydrogen atom


  A trajectory in the Schroedinger wave for an electron in an attractive
Coulomb potential with the dynamical behavior is proposed and illustrated for a
scattering and a bound state. The scattering cross section derived from the
trajectories is almost exactly equal to that from the usual wave theory. The
statistical nature of the result is examined. The period of one cycle in the
bound state is exactly equal to that of the corresponding classical motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113446 </DOCNO>
Intermittency and turbulence in a magnetically confined fusion plasma


  We investigate the intermittency of magnetic turbulence as measured in
Reversed Field Pinch plasmas. We show that the Probability Distribution
Functions of magnetic field differences are not scale invariant, that is the
wings of these functions are more important at the smallest scales, a classical
signature of intermittency. We show that scaling laws appear also in a region
very close to the external wall of the confinement device, and we present
evidences that the observed intermittency increases moving towards the wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148989 </DOCNO>
The one loop measure in the Group Theoretic approach to String Theory:


  The measure for the one loop scattering of one and $N$ bosonic strings is
calculated using the Group Theoretic approach to String Theory. The calculation
is done for the case when the projective transformation associated with the
loop can be parametrized in terms of two finite fixed points and the
multiplier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127907 </DOCNO>
In.XS: project for a future spaceborne hard X-ray all-sky survey


  The latest all-sky survey in hard X-ray band was performed by the HEAO-1
satellite (13-80 keV) with an angular resolution of 24x48 arcmin. A diffuse
hard X-Ray background (HXB) was detected between 3 and 50 keV. The main
scientific goal of In.XS is to resolve a large fraction of this HXB into
individual sources.
  As no distortion by Compton up-scattering is seen in the spectrum of the
microwave background, the hard X-ray background is believed to be mainly due to
point sources. Type I Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) have softer X-ray spectra
than the hard X-ray background, so other sources must be considered, like faint
Type II or absorbed AGN. These could be distinguished through hard X-ray
spectroscopic or hardness ratio observations.
  Here we present In.XS - a mission concept designed to conduct the first
imaging all-sky hard X-ray (2-80 keV) survey. The angular resolution of nearly
1 arcmin and good sensitivity at high energies is provided by the latest
multilayer focussing mirrors, with semiconductor-based (GaAs) arrays of
detectors. We also describe the mission operations, and how the all-sky survey
will be complemented by follow-up pointed observations of selected fields. The
good angular resolution will allow correlations and identification with objects
seen at other wavelengths. In addition, since a large fraction of the Type II
AGN luminosity is emitted in the hard X-ray band, this survey will provide a
large unbiased sample of the AGN population. This may provide constraints on
AGN evolution through the possible observation of a turnover in deep field
source statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76409 </DOCNO>
Kaons and pions in strange quark matter


  The behavior of kaons and pions in strange quark matter in weak equilibrium,
is investigated within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio [NJL] model. This work
focusses a region of high densities where the behavior of mesons has not been
explored in the framework of this model. Besides the usual splitting between
charge multiplets, $K^+, K^- ;K^0 ,{\bar K^0} {and} \pi^+ ,\pi^-$, we observe
the appearance of low energy modes with quantum numbers of $K^- ,\bar K^0 {and}
\pi^+$, which are excitations of the Fermi sea. For densities above $\rho\simeq
4 \rho_0$, where the strange quark degree of freedom becomes important, the
system shows a tendency to the restoration of flavor symmetry, which manifests
itself in vacuum observables as well as in the mesonic behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3333 </DOCNO>
Quantum-well states in ultrathin Ag(111) films deposited onto


  Ag(111) films were deposited at room temperature onto H-passivated
Si(111)-(1x1) substrates, and subsequently annealed at 300 C. An abrupt
non-reactive Ag/Si interface is formed, and very uniform non-strained Ag(111)
films of 6-12 monolayers have been grown. Angle resolved photoemission
spectroscopy has been used to study the valence band electronic properties of
these films. Well-defined Ag sp quantum-well states (QWS) have been observed at
discrete energies between 0.5-2eV below the Fermi level, and their dispersions
have been measured along the GammaK, GammaMM'and GammaL symmetry directions.
QWS show a parabolic bidimensional dispersion, with in-plane effective mass of
0.38-0.50mo, along the GammaK and GammaMM' directions, whereas no dispersion
has been found along the GammaL direction, indicating the low-dimensional
electronic character of these states. The binding energy dependence of the QWS
as a function of Ag film thickness has been analyzed in the framework of the
phase accumulation model. According to this model, a reflectivity of 70% has
been estimated for the Ag-sp states at the Ag/H/Si(111)-(1x1) interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73657 </DOCNO>
CP violation from noncommutative geometry


  If the geometry of space-time is $\nc$, i.e. $[x_{\mu},x_{\nu}]=i \theta_{\mu
\nu}$, then $\nc$ $\cpviolng$ effects may be manifest at low energies. For a
$\nc$ scale $\Lambda \equiv \theta^{-1/2} \leq 2 TeV$, $\cpviol$ from $\ncg$ is
comparable to that from the Standard Model (SM) alone: the $\nc$ contributions
to $\epsilon$ and $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ in the $K$-system, may actually dominate
over the Standard Model contributions. Present data permit $\ncg$ to be the
only source of $\cpviol$. Furthermore the most recent findings for g-2 of the
muon are consistent with predictions from $\ncg$. If the geometry of space-time
is $\nc$, $i.e.$ $[x_{\mu},x_{\nu}]=i \theta_{\mu \nu}$, then $\nc$ $\cpviolng$
effects may be manifest at low energies. For a $\nc$ scale $\Lambda \equiv
\theta^{-1/2} \leq 2 TeV$, $\cpviol$ from $\ncg$ is comparable to that from the
Standard Model (SM) alone: the $\nc$ contributions to $\epsilon$ and
$\epsilon'/\epsilon$ in the K-system, may actually dominate over the Standard
Model contributions. Present data permit $\ncg$ to be the only source of
$\cpviol$. Furthermore the most recent findings for g-2 of the muon are
consistent with predictions from $\ncg$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124309 </DOCNO>
Decay of cosmological constant as Bose condensate evaporation


  We consider the process of decay of symmetric vacuum state as evaporation of
a Bose condensate of physical Higgs particles, defined over asymmetric vacuum
state. Energy density of their selfinteraction is identified with cosmological
constant $\Lambda$ in the Einstein equation. $\Lambda$ decay then provides
dynamical realization of spontaneous symmetry breaking. The effective mechanism
is found for damping of coherent oscillations of a scalar field, leading to
slow evaporation regime as the effective mechanism for $\Lambda$ decay
responsible for inflation without special fine-tuning of the microphysical
parameters. This mechanism is able to incorporate reheating, generation of
proper primordial fluctuations, and nonzero cosmological constant today.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129530 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rays from SNRs and TeV Gamma-Ray Astronomy


  The origin of Galactic cosmic rays is still a burning question that forms a
major motivation for developments in ground-based gamma-ray astronomy. SNRs are
long-thought to be sites for the acceleration of Galactic cosmic rays, and
evidence for gamma-ray and non-thermal X-ray production from some SNRs suggest
that they may be capable of accelerating particles to multi-TeV energies. Yet,
along with this, and in the same overall model framework (diffusive shock
acceleration), is the need to accommodate upper limits at TeV energies imposed
on other examples. This review will present an update on the status of SNR
observations at TeV energies, their interpretation, and discuss the relevant
parameters and issues of next generation ground-based instruments relating to
their ability to confirm SNRs as Galactic cosmic ray sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1618 </DOCNO>
Scaling Analysis of Magnetic Filed Tuned Phase Transitions in


  We have studied experimentally the magnetic field-induced
superconductor-insulator quantum phase transition in one-dimensional arrays of
small Josephson junctions. The zero bias resistance was found to display a
drastic change upon application of a small magnetic field; this result was
analyzed in context of the superfluid-insulator transition in one dimension. A
scaling analysis suggests a power law dependence of the correlation length
instead of an exponential one. The dynamical exponents $z$ were determined to
be close to 1, and the correlation length critical exponents were also found to
be about 0.3 and 0.6 in the two groups of measured samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5112 </DOCNO>
Coulomb drag shot noise in coupled Luttinger liquids


  Coulomb drag shot noise has been studied theoretically for 1D interacting
electron systems, which are realized e.g. in single-wall nanotubes. We show
that under adiabatic coupling to external leads, the Coulomb drag shot noise of
two coupled or crossed nanotubes contains surprising effects, in particular a
complete locking of the shot noise in the tubes. In contrast to Coulomb drag of
the average current, the noise locking is based on a symmetry of the underlying
Hamiltonian and is not limited to asymptotically small energy scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1684 </DOCNO>
An inhomogeneous and anisotropic Jastrow function for non-uniform


  Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of interacting electrons in solids often use
Slater-Jastrow trial wave functions. The Jastrow function takes into account
correlations between pairs of electrons. In simulations of solids, it is common
to use a Jastrow function which is both homogeneous and isotropic. The use of a
homogeneous and isotropic Jastrow factor is questionable in applications to
systems with strong density inhomogeneities, such as surfaces and multilayers.
By generalizing the original derivation of the RPA Jastrow factor for the
homogeneous electron gas \cite{Gaskell} to inhomogeneous systems we derive an
scheme for generating inhomogeneous and anisotropic Jastrow factors for use in
nonuniform systems, from the non-interacting static structure factor and
density of the system. We discuss aspects of our scheme and illustrate it with
a first application to an inhomogeneous electron gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76497 </DOCNO>
Evidence for SU(3) symmetry breaking from hyperon production


  We examine the SU(3) symmetry breaking in hyperon semileptonic decays (HSD)
by considering two typical sets of quark contributions to the spin content of
the octet baryons: Set-1 with SU(3) flavor symmetry and Set-2 with SU(3) flavor
symmetry breaking in HSD. The quark distributions of the octet baryons are
calculated with a successful statistical model. Using an approximate relation
between the quark fragmentation functions and the quark distributions, we
predict polarizations of the octet baryons produced in $e^+e^-$ annihilation
and semi-inclusive deeply lepton-nucleon scattering in order to reveal the
SU(3) symmetry breaking effect on the spin structure of the octet baryons. We
find that the SU(3) symmetry breaking significantly affects the hyperon
polarization. The available experimental data on the $\Lambda$ polarization
seem to favor the theoretical predictions with SU(3) symmetry breaking. We
conclude that there is a possibility to get a collateral evidence for SU(3)
symmetry breaking from hyperon production. The theoretical errors for our
predictions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127453 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Probe of Cosmology


  We show that, if the long GRBs are produced by the collapse of massive stars,
GRBs and their afterglows may provide a powerful probe of cosmology and the
early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129263 </DOCNO>
From Current CMBology to its Polarization and SZ Frontiers circa TAW8


  I highlight the remarkable advances in the past few years in CMB research on
total primary anisotropies, in determining the power spectrum, deriving
cosmological parameters from it, and more generally lending credence to the
basic inflation-based paradigm for cosmic structure formation, with a flat
geometry, substantial dark matter and dark energy, baryonic density in good
accord with that from nucleosynthesis, and a nearly scale invariant initial
fluctuation spectrum. Some parameters are nearly degenerate with others and CMB
polarization and many non-CMB probes are needed to determine them, even within
the paradigm. Such probes and their tools were the theme of the TAW8 meeting:
our grand future of CMB polarization, with AMiBA, ACBAR, B2K2, CBI, COMPASS,
CUPMAP, DASI, MAP, MAXIPOL, PIQUE, Planck, POLAR, Polatron, QUEST,
Sport/BaRSport, and of Sunyaev-Zeldovich experiments, also using an array of
platforms and detectors, e.g. AMiBA, AMI (Ryle+), CBI, CARMA (OVROmm+BIMA),
MINT, SZA, BOLOCAM+CSO, LMT, ACT. The SZ probe will be informed and augmented
by new ambitious attacks on other cluster-system observables discussed at TAW8:
X-ray, optical, weak lensing. Interpreting the mix is complicated by such
issues as entropy injection, inhomogeneity, non-sphericity, non-equilibrium,
and these effects must be sorted out for the cluster system to contribute to
``high precision cosmology'', especially the quintessential physics of the dark
energy that adds further mystery to a dark matter dominated Universe. We will
have to address ``Is it cluster evolution or is it cosmology?''. The answer
will be both, but we can be optimistic that, with the huge data influx,
computational power increase, and talented people joining the adventure, we can
handle both observationally, theoretically and phenomenologically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127887 </DOCNO>
Galactic populations of radio and gamma-ray pulsars in the polar cap


  We simulate the characteristics of the Galactic population of radio and
$\gamma$-ray pulsars using Monte Carlo techniques. At birth, neutron stars are
spatially distributed in the Galactic disk, with supernova-kick velocities, and
randomly dispersed in age back to $10^9$ years. They are evolved in the
Galactic gravitational potential to the present time. From a radio luminosity
model, the radio flux is filtered through a selected set of radio-survey
parameters. $\gamma$-ray luminosities are assigned using the features of recent
polar cap acceleration models invoking space-charge-limited flow, and a pulsar
death valley further attenuates the population of radio-loud pulsars. Assuming
a simple emission geometry with aligned radio and $\gamma$-ray beams of 1
steradian solid angle, our model predicts that EGRET should have seen 7
radio-loud and 1 radio-quiet, $\gamma$-ray pulsars. With much improved
sensitivity, GLAST, on the other hand, is expected to observe 76 radio-loud and
74 radio-quiet, $\gamma$-ray pulsars of which 7 would be identified as pulsed
sources. We also explore the effect of magnetic field decay on the
characteristics of the radio and $\gamma$-ray pulsar populations. Including
magnetic field decay on a timescale of 5 Myr improves agreement with the radio
pulsar population and increases the predicted number of GLAST detected pulsars
to 90 radio-loud and 101 radio-quiet (9 pulsed) $\gamma$-ray pulsars. The lower
flux threshold allows GLAST to detect $\gamma$-ray pulsars at larger distances
than those observed by the radio surveys used in this study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128039 </DOCNO>
ISO spectroscopy of compact HII regions in the Galaxy. II Ionization and


  Based on the ISO spectral catalogue of compact HII regions by Peeters et al.
(2001), we present a first analysis of the hydrogen recombination and atomic
fine-structure lines originated in the ionized gas. The sample consists of 34
HII regions located at galactocentric distances between Rgal = 0 and 15 kpc.
The SWS HI recombination lines between 2 and 8 mum are used to estimate the
extinction law at these wavelengths for 14 HII regions. An extinction in the K
band between 0 and $\sim$ 3 mag. has been derived. The fine-structure lines of
N, O, Ne, S and Ar are detected in most of the sources. Most of these elements
are observed in two different ionization stages probing a range in ionization
potential up to 41 eV. The ISO data, by itself or combined with radio data
taken from the literature, is used to derive the elemental abundances relative
to hydrogen. The present data thus allow us to describe for each source its
elemental abundance, its state of ionization and to constrain the properties of
the ionizing star(s).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125973 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Constant and Quintessence from a Correlation Function


  Detections of local maxima in the density perturbation spectrum at
characteristic comoving scales L~100-200h^{-1}Mpc have previously been claimed.
Here, this cosmic standard ruler is sought in the ``10K'' release of the 2dF
QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ-10K), by estimating the comoving, spatial correlation
functions \xi(r) of the three-dimensional distribution of the N=2378 quasars in
the most completely observed and ``covered'' sky regions, over the three
redshift ranges 0.6 < z < 1.1, 1.1 < z < 1.6 and 1.6 < z < 2.2. Because of the
selection method of the survey and sparsity of the data, the analysis was done
conservatively to avoid non-cosmological artefacts.
  (i) Avoiding 'a priori' estimates of the length scales of features, local
maxima in \xi(r) are found in all three redshift ranges. The requirement that a
local maximum be present in all three redshift ranges at a fixed comoving
length scale implies strong, purely geometric constraints on the local
cosmological parameters. The length scale of the local maximum common to the
three redshift ranges is 2L= (244\pm17)h^{-1}Mpc.
  (ii) For a standard FLRW model, the matter density \Omm and cosmological
constant \Omega_\Lambda are constrained to \Omm= 0.25\pm0.10,
\Omega_\Lambda=0.65\pm0.25 (68% confidence), \Omm= 0.25\pm0.15,
\Omega_\Lambda=0.60\pm0.35 (95%), respectively, *from the 2QZ-10K alone*.
Independently of the SNe Ia data, the zero cosmological constant model
(\Omega_\Lambda=0) is rejected at the 99.7% confidence level.
  (iii) For an effective quintessence (w_Q) model and zero curvature, w_Q<-0.5
(68%), w_Q<-0.35 (95%) are found, again *from the 2QZ-10K alone*.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96873 </DOCNO>
Deflating infinite Coxeter groups to finite groups


  This paper considers a smaller version of the 26-node presentation of the
Bimonster group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124153 </DOCNO>
Optical Tests of a 3.7-m diameter Liquid Mirror: Behavior under External


  We have built and tested a 3.7-m diameter liquid mirror that rotates on a
ball bearing. We have carried out extensive optical tests. We find that
although the ball bearing has a poor quality, the quality of the mirror, with
mercury layers 1-mm thick, is surprisingly good. Taken at face values the
instantaneous Strehl ratios indicate a mirror, that is not quite diffraction
limited but usable for astronomical applications. However, the large coning
error of the bearing (1.5 arcseconds P-V) induces an excessive wobble,
considerably worsening the time averaged PSF. The most interesting result of
the interferometry is that we do not see any evidence of the strong astigmatism
that may have been expected from Coriolis forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7219 </DOCNO>
Two-atomic potential and distortion of excitation spectrum of liquid


  The new interatomic potential g(r), providing the tunnelling of atoms, is
suggested for calculating HFB phonon-roton spectrum E(p) of liquid He-4. The
tunnelling enables the calculations to reproduce the experimental dependence of
shifts E(p) on pressure P induced by He-3 admixture in the constant total
density and volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40962 </DOCNO>
Charmless B Decays Involving Vector Mesons in Belle


  Using the data sample of 10.5 fb-1 collected by the Belle detector, we
searched for two-body charmless decays involving vector mesons. The clear
signal signature of B+ -> phi K+ is seen and its branching fraction is measured
to be (1.39+.32-.30 +- 0.2) X 10-5. The evidence for B+ -> rho pi+, B0 -> rho-
pi+ and B+ -> phi K*+ is reported and their branching fractions are determined.
No significant signals are observed for B0 -> phi K0S, -> phi K*0, -> rho- K+,
B+ -> rho K+, -> omega pi+ and -> omega K+ only the 90% C.L. upper limits are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96946 </DOCNO>
Deformation quantization of algebraic varieties


  The paper is devoted to peculiarities of the deformation quantization in the
algebro-geometric context. A direct application of the formality theorem to an
algebraic Poisson manifold gives a canonical sheaf of categories deforming
coherent sheaves. The global category is very degenerate in general. Thus, we
introduce a new notion of a semi-formal deformation, a replacement in algebraic
geometry of an actual deformation (versus a formal one). Deformed algebras
obtained by semi-formal deformations are Noetherian and have polynomial growth.
  We propose constructions of semi-formal quantizations of projective and
affine algebraic Poisson manifolds satisfying certain natural geometric
conditions. Projective symplectic manifolds (e.g. K3 surfaces and abelian
varieties) do not satisfy our conditions, but projective spaces with quadratic
Poisson brackets and Poisson-Lie groups can be semi-formally quantized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73868 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Equation of State and Advanced LIGO Type Gravity Wave Experiments


  Future generation of interferometric gravitational wave detectors is hoped to
provide accurate measurements of the final stages of binary inspirals. The
sources probed by such experiments are of extragalactic origin and the observed
chirp mass is the intrinsic chirp mass multiplied by $(1+z)$ where $z$ is the
redshift of the source. Moreover the luminosity distance is a direct observable
is such experiments. This creates the possibility to establish a new kind of
cosmological tests, supplementary to more standard ones.
  Recent observations of distant type Ia supernovae light-curves suggest that
the expansion of the universe has recently begun to accelerate. A popular
explanation of present accelerating expansion of the universe is to assume that
some part $\Omega_Q$ of the matter-energy density is in the form of dark
component called ``the quintessence'' with the equation of state $p_Q = w
\rho_Q$ with $w \geq -1.$ In this paper we consider the predictions concerning
observations of binary inspirals in future LIGO type interferometric
experiments assuming a ``quintessence cosmology''. In particular we compute the
expected redshift distributions of observed events in the a priori admissible
range of parameters describing the equation of state for the quintessence. We
find that this distribution has a robust dependence on the cosmic equation of
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3301 </DOCNO>
L\'evy flights as an underlying mechanism for global optimization


  In this paper we propose and advocate the use of the so called L\'evy flights
as a driving mechanism for a class of stochastic optimization computations.
This proposal, for some reasons overlooked until now, is - in author's opinion
- very appropriate to satisfy the need for algorithm, which is capable of
generating trial steps of very different length in the search space. The
required balance between short and long steps can be easily and fully
controlled. A simple example of approximated L\'evy distribution, implemented
in FORTRAN 77, is given. We also discuss the physical grounds of presented
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86607 </DOCNO>
On choice of connection in loop quantum gravity


  We investigate the quantum area operator in the loop approach based on the
Lorentz covariant hamiltonian formulation of general relativity. We show that
there exists a two-parameter family of Lorentz connections giving rise to
Wilson lines which are eigenstates of the area operator. For each connection
the area spectrum is evaluated. In particular, the results of the su(2)
approach turn out to be included in the formalism. However, only one connection
from the family is a spacetime connection ensuring that the 4d diffeomorphism
invariance is preserved under quantization. It leads to the area spectrum
independent of the Immirzi parameter. As a consequence, we conclude that the
su(2) approach must be modified accordingly to the results obtained since it
breaks one of the classical symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 614 </DOCNO>
Giant Charge Inversion of a Macroion Due to Multivalent Counterions and


  We report molecular dynamics simulation of the (overall neutral) system
consisting of an immobile macroion surrounded by the electrolyte of multivalent
counterions and monovalent coions. As expected theoretically, counterions
adsorb on the macroion surface in the amount much exceeding neutralization
requirement, thus effectively inverting the sign of the macroion charge. We
find two conditions necessary for charge inversion, namely, counterions must be
multivalently charged and Coulomb interactions must be strong enough compared
to thermal energy. On the other hand, coion condensation on the multivalent
counterions similar to Bjerrum pairing is the major factor restricting the
amount of charge inversion. Depending on parameters, we observe inverted charge
up to about 200% the original charge of the macroion in absolute value. Our
findings are consistent with the theory of "giant charge inversion"
[Phys.Rev.Lett., v. 85, 1568 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7562 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation-dissipation ratio of a spin glass in the aging regime


  Almost half a century ago, derivation of the fluctuation dissipation theorem
(FDT) which links the response function of a system to its time autocorrelation
function, made it possible to work out dynamics from the knowledge of
statistical properties at equilibrium. Nevertheless, this progress was limited
by severe restrictions. FDT applies only to ergodic systems at equilibrium. It
is a direct consequence of the ergodic property that, for a given observable,
time averages are equivalent to thermodynamic ensemble averages, or,
physically, that the system is invariant by time translation. Yet, such systems
represent a very limited part of natural objects, and there is now a growing
interest on non-ergodic systems and on the related challenging problem of the
existence of fluctuation dissipation (FD) relations valid in off-equilibrium
situations . Recent theoretical studies predicted a generalization of FDT,
which has to be tested experimentally. Here we show the first experimental
determination of the time autocorrelation of magnetization in the
non-stationary regime of a spin glass. Our findings are compared with the
theoretical consequences of the "weak ergodicity breaking" property of complex
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7393 </DOCNO>
Diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dots: an extreme sensitivity of


  The valence band states confined in infinitely deep quantum dots made of
diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) are considered theoretically. A complex
anisotropic structure of the valence bands in DMSs with cubic symmetry
described by the full Luttinger Hamiltonian is taken into account. It is found
that the Zeeman splitting is very sensitive to the shape of the confining
potential and, in particular, to its orientation relative to the direction of
an external magnetic field. This sensitivity has its origin in a mixing of
different spin components of a hole wave function which takes place for finite
hole wave vectors ${\bf k}$. Several consequences of the effect are discussed,
including a possibility to control the inter-dot tunneling by an external
magnetic field. It is shown also that the polarizations of optical transitions
in a single DMS quantum dot depend on details of geometry of its confining
potential as well as on the strength of the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127083 </DOCNO>
WIMPS Are Stronger When They Stick Together


  Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) remain the strongest candidates
for the dark matter in the Universe. If WIMPs are the dark matter, they will
form galactic halos according to the hierarchical clustering observed in N-body
simulations. Cold dark matter (CDM) simulations show that large dark matter
structures such as galactic and cluster halos are formed by the merging of many
smaller clumps of dark matter. Each clump or halo is characterized by a
centrally cusped density profile that can enhance the rate of WIMP annihilation
and make the annihilation products more easily detectable. Electrons and
positrons generated as decay products of WIMP annihilation emit synchrotron
radiation in the Galactic magnetic field. We study the synchrotron signature
from the clumps of dark matter in our Galactic halo. We find that the emission
in the radio and microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum can be above
the CMB anisotropy level and should be detectable by CMB anisotropy
experiments. Depending on the density profile of dark matter clumps, hundreds
of clumps can have detectable fluxes and angular sizes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96037 </DOCNO>
On Fermat's marginal note: a suggestion


  A suggestion is put forward regarding a partial proof of FLT(case1), which is
elegant and simple enough to have caused Fermat's enthusiastic remark in the
margin of his Bachet edition of Diophantus' "Arithmetica". It is based on an
extension of Fermat's Small Theorem (FST) to mod p^k for any k>0, and the cubic
roots of 1 mod p^k for primes p=1 mod 6. For this solution in residues the
exponent p distributes over a sum, which blocks extension to equality for
integers, providing a partial proof of FLT case1 for all p=1 mod 6. This simple
solution begs the question why it was not found earlier. Some mathematical,
historical and psychological reasons are presented. . . . . In a companion
paper, on the triplet structure of Arithmetic mod p^k, this cubic root solution
is extended to the general rootform of FLT (mod p^k) (case1), called "triplet".
While the cubic root solution (a^3=1 mod p^k) involves one inverse pair:
a+a^{-1} = -1 mod p^k, a triplet has three inverse pairs in a 3-loop: a+b^{-1}
= b+c^{-1} = c+a^{-1} = -1 (mod p^k) where abc = 1 (mod p^k), which reduces to
the cubic root form if a=b=c (\neq 1) mod p^k. The triplet structure is not
restricted to p-th power residues (for some p \geq 59) but applies to all
residues in the group G_k(.) of units in the semigroup of multiplication mod
p^k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128340 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the First Disk-Resolved Images of Ceres from Ultraviolet


  We present HST Faint Object Camera observations of the asteroid 1 Ceres at
near-, mid-, and far-UV wavelengths (lambda = 3636, 2795, and 1621 A,
respectively) obtained on 1995 June 25. The disk of Ceres is well-resolved for
the first time, at a scale of ~50km. We report the detection of a large, ~250km
diameter surface feature for which we propose the name ``Piazzi''; however it
is presently uncertain if this feature is due to a crater, albedo variegation,
or other effect. From limb fits to the images, we obtain semi-major and
semi-minor axes of R_1=484.8+/-5.1km and R_2=466.4+/-5.9km, respectively, for
the illumination-corrected projected ellipsoid. Although albedo features are
seen, they do not allow for a definitive determination of the rotation or pole
positions of Ceres, particularly because of the sparse sampling (two epochs) of
the 9 hour rotation period. From full-disk integrated albedo measurements, we
find that Ceres has a red spectral slope from the mid- to near-UV, and a
significant blue slope shortward of the mid-UV. In spite of the presence of
Piazzi, we detect no significant global differences in the integrated albedo as
a function of rotational phase for the two epochs of data we obtained. From
Minnaert surface fits to the near- and mid-UV images, we find an unusually
large Minnaert parameter of k~0.9, suggesting a more Lambertian than lunar-like
surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128332 </DOCNO>
Ab initio simulations of accretion disc boundary layers


  I discuss the results of simplified three dimensional magnetohydrodynamic
simulations of the boundary layer between a disc and a non-rotating,
unmagnetized star. Strong magnetic fields, possibly approaching equipartition
with the thermal energy, occur in the boundary layer due to the shearing of
disc-generated fields. The mean boundary layer magnetic field, which is highly
variable on an orbital timescale, is estimated to exceed 50 kG for a CV with an
accretion rate of 10^(-9) solar masses per year. However, these fields do not
drive efficient angular momentum transport within the boundary layer. As a
consequence the radial velocity in the boundary layer is low, and the density
high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167985 </DOCNO>
Normal ordering solution to quantum dissipation and its induced


  We implement the normal ordering technique to study the quantum dissipation
of a single mode harmonic oscillator system. The dynamic evolution of the
system is investigated for a reasonable initial state by solving the
Schr\"{o}dinger equation directly through the normal ordering technique. The
decoherence process of the system for the cases $T=0K$ and $T\neq0K$ is
investigated as an application.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148963 </DOCNO>
Brane-World and Holography


  We consider the brane-world in the holographic point of view. Bearing the
realistic models in mind, the bulk massless scalar field is introduced. First
of all, we find the constraint on the coupling of the scalar fields with the
matter(not holographic CFT) on the brane. We show that the traceless part of
the energy-momentum tensor of holographic CFT is a part of the bulk Weyl
tensor. The trace part which comes from the trace-anomaly is corresponding to
the $\rho^2$-term appeared in the generalized FRW equation in the brane-world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2069 </DOCNO>
State Hierarchy Induced by Correlated Spin Domains in short range spin


  We generate equilibrium configurations for the three and four dimensional
Ising spin glass with Gaussian distributed couplings at temperatures well below
the transition temperature T_c. These states are analyzed by a recently
proposed method using clustering. The analysis reveals a hierarchical state
space structure. At each level of the hierarchy states are labeled by the
orientations of a set of correlated macroscopic spin domains. Our picture of
the low temperature phase of short range spin glasses is that of a State
Hierarchy Induced by Correlated Spin domains (SHICS). The complexity of the low
temperature phase is manifest in the fact that the composition of such a spin
domain (i.e. its constituent spins), as well as its identifying label, are
defined and determined by the ``location'' in the state hierarchy at which it
appears. Mapping out the phase space structure by means of the orientations
assumed by these domains enhances our ability to investigate the overlap
distribution, which we find to be non-trivial. Evidence is also presented that
these states may have a non-ultrametric structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96391 </DOCNO>
Fourier transform, $L^2$ restriction theorem, and scaling


  We show, using a Knapp-type homogeneity argument, that the $(L^p, L^2)$
restriction theorem implies a growth condition on the hypersurface in question.
We further use this result to show that the optimal $(L^p, L^2)$ restriction
theorem implies the sharp isotropic decay rate for the Fourier transform of the
Lebesgue measure carried by compact convex finite hypersurfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149874 </DOCNO>
The spectrum of strings on BTZ black holes and spectral flow in the


  We study the spectrum of bosonic string theory on rotating BTZ black holes,
using a SL(2,R) WZW model. Previously, Natsuume and Satoh have analyzed strings
on BTZ black holes using orbifold techniques. We show how an appropriate
spectral flow in the WZW model can be used to generate the twisted sectors,
emphasizing how the spectral flow works in the hyperbolic basis natural for the
BTZ black hole. We discuss the projection condition which leads to the
quantization condition for the allowed quantum numbers for the string
excitations, and its connection to the anomaly in the corresponding conserved
Noether current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125933 </DOCNO>
First Results of the EDELWEISS WIMP Search using a 320 g


  The EDELWEISS collaboration has performed a direct search for WIMP dark
matter using a 320 g heat-and-ionization cryogenic Ge detector operated in a
low-background environment in the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane. No nuclear
recoils are observed in the fiducial volume in the 30-200 keV energy range
during an effective exposure of 4.53 kg.days. Limits for the cross-section for
the spin-independent interaction of WIMPs and nucleons are set in the framework
of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). The central value of the
signal reported by the experiment DAMA is excluded at 90% CL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126963 </DOCNO>
B-field Determination from Magnetoacoustic Oscillations in kHz QPO


  We present a method for determining the B-field around neutron stars based on
observed kHz and viscous QPO frequencies used in combination with the best-fit
optical depth and temperature of a Comptonization model. In the framework of
the transition layer QPO model, we analyze magnetoacoustic wave formation in
the layer between a neutron star surface and the inner edge of a Keplerian
disk. We derive formulas for the magnetoacoustic wave frequencies for different
regimes of radial transition layer oscillations. We demonstrate that our model
can use the QPO as a new kind of probe to determine the magnetic field
strengths for 4U 1728-42, GX 340+0, and Sco X-1 in the zone where the QPOs
occur. Observations indicate that the dependence of the viscous frequency on
the Keplerian frequency is closely related to the inferred dependence of the
magnetoacoustic wave frequency on the Keplerian frequency for a dipole magnetic
field. The magnetoacoustic wave dependence is based on a single parameter, the
magnetic moment of the star as estimated from the field strength in the
transition layer. The best-fit magnetic moment parameter is about (0.5-1)x
10^{25} G cm^3 for all studied sources. From observational data, the magnetic
fields within distances less 20 km from neutron star for all three sources are
strongly constrained to be dipole fields with the strengths 10^{7-8} G on the
neutron star surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125001 </DOCNO>
The Expansion Center and Dynamical Age of the Galactic Supernova Remnant


  We present proper motions for 21 bright main shell and 17 faint,
higher-velocity, outer ejecta knots in the Cas A supernova remnant and use them
to derive new estimates for the remnant's expansion center and age. Our study
included 1951 - 1976 Palomar 5 m prime focus plates, 1988 - 1999 CCD images
from the KPNO 4 m and MDM 2.4 m telescopes, and 1999 HST WFPC2 images.
Measurable positions covered a 23 to 41 yr time span for most knots, with a few
outer knots followed for almost 48 yr. We derive an expansion center of alpha =
23h 23m 27s.77 +- 0s.05, delta = 58d 48' 49".4 +- 0".4 (ICRS), with little
difference between centers derived using outer or main shell knots. This
position is 3.0 arcsec due north of that estimated by van den Bergh and Kamper
(1983). It also lies 6.6 +- 1.5 arcsec almost due north (PA = 354 deg) of the
remnant's recently-detected central X-ray point source, implying a transverse
velocity for the X-ray point source of about 330 km/s at a distance of 3.4 kpc.
Using the knots which lie out ahead of the remnant's forward blast wave, we
estimate a knot convergent date of A.D. 1671.3 +- 0.9, assuming no
deceleration. However, a deceleration of just approximately 1.6 km/(s yr) over
a 300 yr time span would produce an explosion date A.D. 1680, consistent with
the suspected sighting of the Cas A supernova by J. Flamsteed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6805 </DOCNO>
Particle Survival and Polydispersity in Aggregation


  We study the probability, $P_S(t)$, of a cluster to remain intact in
one-dimensional cluster-cluster aggregation when the cluster diffusion
coefficient scales with size as $D(s) \sim s^\gamma$. $P_S(t)$ exhibits a
stretched exponential decay for $\gamma < 0$ and the power-laws $t^{-3/2}$ for
$\gamma=0$, and $t^{-2/(2-\gamma)}$ for $0<\gamma<2$. A random walk picture
explains the discontinuous and non-monotonic behavior of the exponent. The
decay of $P_S(t)$ determines the polydispersity exponent, $\tau$, which
describes the size distribution for small clusters. Surprisingly,
$\tau(\gamma)$ is a constant $\tau = 0$ for $0<\gamma<2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7351 </DOCNO>
Quadratic diffusion Monte Carlo and pure estimators for atoms


  The implementation and reliability of a quadratic diffusion Monte Carlo
method for the study of ground-state properties of atoms are discussed. We show
in the simple yet non-trivial calculation of the binding energy of the Li atom
that the method presented is effectively second-order in the time step. The
fulfilment of the expected quadratic behavior relies on some basic requirements
of the trial wave function used for importance sampling, in the context of the
fixed-node approximation. Expectation values of radial operators are calculated
by means of a pure estimation based on the forward walking methodology. It is
shown that accurate results without extrapolation errors can be obtained with a
pure algorithm that can be easily implemented in any previous diffusion Monte
Carlo program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75492 </DOCNO>
Unitarization of the complete meson-meson scattering at one loop in


  We report on our one-loop calculation of all the two meson scattering
amplitudes within SU(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory, i.e. with pions, kaons and
etas. Once the amplitudes are unitarized with the coupled channel Inverse
Amplitude Method, they satisfy simultaneously the correct low-energy chiral
constraints and unitarity. We obtain a remarkable description of meson-meson
scattering data up to 1.2 GeV including the scattering lengths and seven light
resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169023 </DOCNO>
Communication and measurement with squeezed states


  The principles are elaborated which underlie the applications of general
nonclassical states to communication and measurement systems. Relevant
classical communication concepts are reviewed. Communication and measurement
processes are compared. The possible advantages of nonclassical states in
classical information transfer are assessed. The significance of novel quantum
amplifiers and duplicators in communication is emphasized. A general approach
is developed for determining the ultimate accuracy limit in quantum measurement
systems. It is found that bandwidth or mode number is a most important
parameter and ultrahigh precision measurement is possible in systems with a
fixed energy but many modes. The problem of the standard quantum limit in
monitoring the position of a free mass is also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113488 </DOCNO>
Two-photon absorption in potassium niobate


  We report measurements of thermal self-locking of a Fabry-Perot cavity
containing a potassium niobate (KNbO3) crystal. We develop a method to
determine linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in intracavity
crystals by detailed analysis of the transmission lineshapes. These lineshapes
are typical of optical bistability in thermally loaded cavities. For our
crystal, we determine the one-photon absorption coefficient at 846 nm to be
(0.0034 \pm 0.0022) per m and the two-photon absorption coefficient at 846 nm
to be (3.2 \pm 0.5) \times 10^{-11} m/W and the one-photon absorption
coefficient at 423 nm to be (13 \pm 2) per m. We also address the issue of
blue-light-induced-infrared-absorption (BLIIRA), and determine a coefficient
for this excited state absorption process. Our method is particularly well
suited to bulk absorption measurements where absorption is small compared to
scattering. We also report new measurements of the temperature dependence of
the index of refraction at 846 nm, and compare to values in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4765 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of C60 / graphite


  We report temperature-dependent photoelectron spectra for a monolayer of C_60
adsorbed on HOPG, as well as C 1s x-ray absorption. This extends a previous
report which showed the close similarity between the spectrum of the HOMO for
the two-dimensional overlayer and that of C_60 in the gas phase. The present
work shows that intermolecular and molecule-substrate vibrations contribute
strongly to the spectral lineshape at room temperature. Thus, vibrational
effects are shown to be crucial for the proper understanding of photoelectron
spectra, and thus the charge transport properties, for C_60 in contact with
graphite and graphite-like materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6004 </DOCNO>
Strong-coupling-expansion analysis of the false-vacuum decay rate of the


  Strong-coupling expansion is performed for the lattice phi^4 model in 1+1
dimensions. Because the strong-coupling limit itself is not solvable, we
employed numerical calculations so as to set up unperturbed eigensystems.
Restricting the number of Hilbert-space bases, we performed linked-cluster
expansion up to eleventh order. We carried out alternative simulation by means
of the density-matrix renormalization group. Thereby, we confirmed that our
series-expansion data with a convergence-acceleration trick are in good
agreement with the simulation result. Through the analytic continuation to the
domain of negative biquadratic interaction, we obtain the false-vacuum decay
rate. Contrary to common belief that tunnelling phenomenon lies out of
perturbative treatments, our series expansion reproduces the instanton-theory
behaviour for high potential barrier. For shallow barrier, on the contrary, our
result tells that the relaxation is no more described by instanton, but the
decay rate acquires notable enhancement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2095 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of Anchoring Energy of MBBA on SiO-Evaporated


  The temperature behaviour of the anchoring energy of nematic liquid crystal
MBBA at the substrates with oblique SiO evaporation and director orientation at
the interface have been studied by means of magnetic Freedericksz transition
technique. The temperature dependence of the coefficients in the
phenomenological model of surface anchoring energy has been determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41060 </DOCNO>
Extra Dimensions and More


  One of the most stimulating recent ideas in particle physics involves a
possibility that our universe has additional compactified spatial dimensions,
perhaps as large as 1 mm. In this review, we discuss the results of recent
experimental searches for such large extra dimensions, as well as new
developments in this field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4827 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the Knight shift data on Li and Zn substituted YBCO


  The Knight shift data on Li and Zn substituted YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ are
analysed using an itinerant model with short-range antiferromagnetic
correlations. The model parameters, which are determined by fitting the
experimental data on the transverse nuclear relaxation rate $T_2^{-1}$ of pure
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$, are used to calculate the Knight shifts for various
nuclei around a nonmagnetic impurity located in the CuO$_2$ planes. The
calculations are carried out for Li and Zn impurities substituted into
optimally doped and underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$. The results are compared
with the $^7$Li and $^{89}$Y Knight shift measurements on these materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168185 </DOCNO>
Einstein-separability, time related hidden parameters for correlated


  We analyze the assumptions that are made in the proofs of Bell-type
inequalities for the results of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen type of experiments. We
find that the introduction of time-like random variables permits the
construction of a broader mathematical model which accounts for all
correlations of variables that are contained in the time dependent parameter
set of the backward light cone. It also permits to obtain the quantum result
for the spin pair correlation, a result that contradicts Bell's inequality. Two
key features of our mathematical model are (i) the introduction of time
operators that are indexed by the measurement settings and appear in addition
to Bell's source parameters and (ii) the related introduction of a probability
measure for all parameters that does depend on the analyzer settings. Using the
theory of B-splines, we then show that this probability measure can be
constructed as a linear combination of setting dependent subspace product
measures and that the construction guarantees Einstein-separability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113965 </DOCNO>
The Development of Special Relativity in the Superluminal Case


  We extend the special relativity into the superluminal case and firstly put
forward a new superluminal theory of kinematics, in which we show that the
temporal coordinate need exchanging with one of the spatial coordinates in a
superluminal inertial frame, and that the coordinate transformations from any
superluminal inertial frame to the rest frame (here rest just says in a
relative sense) are the same as the Lorentz transformations from some normal
inertial frame to the rest frame; consequently, the causality can not be
violated. Secondly, we discuss the superluminal theory of dynamics and then
lead to a conclusion that the total energy of any object moving at a speed of
$v$ (faster than the speed of light in vacuum $c$) is equal to the total energy
of that object moving at a speed of $u (u<c)$, and the product of two speeds
satisfies $uv=c^{2}$. Lastly, we conjecture that this superluminal theory can
give another novel interpretation to the essence of matter waves put forward by
de Broglie.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126505 </DOCNO>
Twenty Years of Timing SS433


  We present observations of the optical ``moving lines'' in spectra of the
Galactic relativistic jet source SS433 spread over a twenty year baseline from
1979 to 1999. The red/blue-shifts of the lines reveal the apparent precession
of the jet axis in SS433, and we present a new determination of the precession
parameters based on these data. We investigate the amplitude and nature of
time- and phase-dependent deviations from the kinematic model for the jet
precession, including an upper limit on any precessional period derivative of
$\dot P < 5 \times 10^{-5}$. We also dicuss the implications of these results
for the origins of the relativistic jets in SS433.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87224 </DOCNO>
Inertial forces - a la Newton in General Relativity


  In this we briefly cover the covariant approach to describe inertial forces
in general relativity and in particular look at the behaviour of the cumulative
drag index for stationary Kerr geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7539 </DOCNO>
Deviations from the mean field predictions for the phase behaviour of


  We investigate the phase behaviour of random copolymers melts via large scale
Monte Carlo simulations. We observe macrophase separation into A and B--rich
phases as predicted by mean field theory only for systems with a very large
correlation lambda of blocks along the polymer chains, far away from the
Lifshitz point. For smaller values of lambda, we find that a locally
segregated, disordered microemulsion--like structure gradually forms as the
temperature decreases. As we increase the number of blocks in the polymers, the
region of macrophase separation further shrinks. The results of our Monte Carlo
simulation are in agreement with a Ginzburg criterium, which suggests that mean
field theory becomes worse as the number of blocks in polymers increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128937 </DOCNO>
The Ionized Stellar Wind in Vela X-1 During Eclipse


  We present a first analysis of a high resolution X-ray spectrum of the
ionized stellar wind of Vela X-1 during eclipse. The data were obtained with
the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer onboard the Chandra X-ray
Observatory. The spectrum is resolved into emission lines with fluxes between
0.02 and 1.04x10^4 ph/cm^2/s. We identify lines from a variety of charge
states, including fluorescence lines from cold material, a warm photoionized
wind. We can exclude signatures from collisionally ionized plasmas. For the
first time we identify fluorescence lines from L-shell ions from lower Z
elements. We also detect radiative recombination continua from a kT = 10 eV
(1.2 x 10^5 K) photoionized optically thin gas. The fluorescence line fluxes
infer the existence of optically thick and clumped matter within or outside the
warm photoionized plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123434 </DOCNO>
OHS: OH-airglow Suppressor for the Subaru Telescope


  This paper describes an OH-airglow Suppressor (OHS) for the infrared Nasmyth
focus of the Subaru telescope. OHS has the capability of eliminating 224
airglow-lines in the $J$- and $H$-bands, which are major sources of background
radiation at near-infrared wavelengths up to 2 $\mu$m. Specifically, it is a
pre-optics system installed between the telescope and an infrared
camera/spectrograph (CISCO). The suppressor reduces sky background emissions to
1/25 and its throughput is 40%. As a result, the S/N gain achieved with OHS is
more than 1 mag compared to the typical spectroscopic approach. The limiting
magnitude measured during a test observing run was found to be $H$ = 21.1 mag
($\lambda/\Delta\lambda$ = 210, S/N = 5) in the standard 4000 s exposure
sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3283 </DOCNO>
On the definition of physical temperature and pressure for nonextensive


  It is shown that a recent proposal to give physically meaningful definitions
of temperature and pressure within Tsallis formalism for non-extensive
thermostatistics leads to expressions which coincide with those obtained by
using the standard Boltzmann formalism of Statistical Mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 244 </DOCNO>
Singularities in the optical response of cuprates


  We argue that the detailed analysis of the optical response in cuprate
superconductors allows one to verify the magnetic scenario of superconductivity
in cuprates, as for strong coupling charge carriers to antiferromagnetic spin
fluctuations, the second derivative of optical conductivity should contain
detectable singularities at $2\Delta +\Delta_{\rm spin}$, $4\Delta$, and
$2\Delta+2\Delta_{\rm spin}$, where $\Delta$ is the amplitude of the
superconducting gap, and $\Delta_{s}$ is the resonance energy of spin
fluctuations measured in neutron scattering. We argue that there is a good
chance that these singularities have already been detected in the experiments
on optimally doped $YBCO$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96050 </DOCNO>
Modulization and the enveloping ringoid


  Let A be an algebra in a variety V. We study the modulization of a pointed
A-overalgebra P, show that it is totally in any variety that P is totally in,
and apply this theory to the construction of the enveloping ringoid Z[A,V].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113607 </DOCNO>
Penning collisions of laser-cooled metastable helium atoms


  We present experimental results on the two-body loss rates in a
magneto-optical trap of metastable helium atoms. Absolute rates are measured in
a systematic way for several laser detunings ranging from -5 to -30 MHz and at
different intensities, by monitoring the decay of the trap fluorescence. The
dependence of the two-body loss rate coefficient $\beta$ on the excited state
($2^3P_2$) and metastable state ($2^3S_1$) populations is also investigated.
  From these results we infer a rather uniform rate constant
$K_{sp}=(1{\pm}0.4)\times10^{-7}$ cm$^3$/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86091 </DOCNO>
A proper-time cure for the conformal sickness in quantum gravity


  Starting from the space of Lorentzian metrics, we examine the full
gravitational path integral in 3 and 4 space-time dimensions. Inspired by
recent results obtained in a regularized, dynamically triangulated formulation
of Lorentzian gravity, we gauge-fix to proper-time coordinates and perform a
non-perturbative ``Wick rotation'' on the physical configuration space. Under
certain assumptions about the behaviour of the partition function under
renormalization, we find that the divergence due to the conformal modes of the
metric is cancelled non-perturbatively by a Faddeev-Popov determinant
contributing to the effective measure. We illustrate some of our claims by a 3d
perturbative calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95441 </DOCNO>
On the Normality of Arithmetical Constants


  D. Bailey and R. E. Crandall recently formulated a "Hypothesis A", which
provides a general principle to explain the (conjectured) normality of
constants like pi or log 2 and other related numbers, to base 2 or other
integer bases. This paper explains the basic mechanism behind their principle
as a connection between single orbits of two different discrete dynamical
systems. It relates a subclass of arithmetical constants they consider to
special values of G-functions, and characterizes this subclass. Finally it
notes some parallels of "Hypothesis A" with Furstenberg's conjecture on
invariant measures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75655 </DOCNO>
Particle production from symmetry breaking after inflation and


  Recent studies suggest that the process of symmetry breaking after inflation
typically occurs very fast, within a single oscillation of the
symmetry-breaking field, due to the spinodal growth of its long-wave modes,
otherwise known as `tachyonic preheating'. We show how this sudden transition
from the false to the true vacuum can induce a significant production of
particles, bosons and fermions, coupled to the symmetry-breaking field. We find
that this new mechanism of particle production in the early Universe may have
interesting consequences for the origin of supermassive dark matter and the
generation of the observed baryon asymmetry through leptogenesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96984 </DOCNO>
Some Remarks on a General Construction af Approximation Processes


  The aim of this paper is to study the characteristics of a general method to
produce a new approximation sequence from a given one, by using suitable convex
combinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148404 </DOCNO>
A Vector Non-abelian Chern-Simons Duality


  Abelian Chern-Simons gauge theory is known to possess a `$S$-self-dual'
action where its coupling constant $k$ is inverted {\it i.e.} $k
\leftrightarrow {1 \over k}$. Here a vector non-abelian duality is found in the
pure non-abelian Chern-Simons action at the classical level. The dimensional
reduction of the dual Chern-Simons action to two-dimensions constitutes a dual
Wess-Zumino-Witten action already given in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127032 </DOCNO>
MAXIMUS: Exploiting the Full Power of OzPoz


  We propose a new multi-object spectrograph for the VLT. MAXIMUS (MAXimum
MUltiplex Spectrograph) will fully exploit the multiplexing capabilities of the
OzPoz fibre positioner in order to extend and complement FLAMES and VIMOS in
covering observational parameter space, and to meet the increasing demand for
multi-object spectroscopy by ESO users in the next decade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96242 </DOCNO>
A generalization of Hall polynomials to ADE case


  Certain computable polynomials are described whose leading coefficients are
equal to multiplicities in the tensor product decomposition for representations
of a Lie algebra of ADE type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124899 </DOCNO>
Predicted Planck Extragalactic Point Source Catalogue


  An estimation of the number and amplitude (in flux) of the extragalactic
point sources that will be observed by the Planck Mission is presented in this
paper. The study is based on the Mexican Hat wavelet formalism introduced by
Cayon et al. 2000. Simulations at Planck observing frequencies are analysed,
taking into account all the possible cosmological, Galactic and Extragalactic
emissions together with noise. With the technique used in this work the Planck
Mission will produce a catalogue of extragalactic point sources above fluxes:
1.03 Jy (857 GHz), 0.53 Jy (545 GHz), 0.28 Jy (353 GHz), 0.24 Jy (217 GHz),
0.32 Jy (143 GHz), 0.41 Jy (100 GHz HFI), 0.34 Jy (100 GHz LFI), 0.57 Jy (70
GHz), 0.54 Jy (44 GHz) and 0.54 Jy (30 GHz), which are only slightly model
dependent (see text). Amplitudes of these sources are estimated with errors
below 15%. Moreover, we also provide a complete catalogue (for the point
sources simulation analysed) with errors in the estimation of the amplitude
below 10%. In addition we discuss the possibility of identifying different
point source populations in the Planck catalogue by estimating their spectral
indices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124589 </DOCNO>
On The Parent Population of Radio Galaxies and the FR I--II Dichotomy


  The possibility of radio galaxies being random sample of otherwise normal
elliptical galaxies is tested. Starting with the observed optical luminosity
functions for elliptical galaxies, it is shown that the probability of an
elliptical forming a radio source is a continuous, increasing function of
optical luminosity, precisely proportional to square of the optical luminosity
of the galaxy. Once the probability function is fixed, the luminosity function
of normal elliptical galaxies is used as input for Monte Carlo simulations that
reproduce the distribution of radio galaxies in the radio-optical luminosity
plane. Our results show that radio galaxies are luminosity biased, but
otherwise random sample of elliptical galaxies. This unified view of radio and
non-radio ellipticals also explains the well known difference of 0.5 mag in
average optical luminosity between FRI and FRII radio galaxies as a simple
selection effect. Specifically, FRII appear preferentially in smaller galaxies
because both radio and optical luminosity functions are steep, so there is a
negligible probability of observing a powerful radio source associated with a
bright galaxy; no intrinsic physical differences between FRI and FRII host
galaxies is required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40762 </DOCNO>
Top-quark rare decay $t\to c h$ in R-parity-violating SUSY


  The flavor-changing top-quark decay $t\to c h$, where $h$ is the lightest
CP-even Higgs boson in the minimal supersymmetric standard model, is examined
in the R-parity-violating supersymmetric model. Within the existing bounds on
the relevant R-parity-violating couplings, the branching fraction for $t\to c
h$ can be as large as about $10^{-5}$ in some part of the parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150104 </DOCNO>
Fractal extra dimension in Kaluza-Klein theory


  Kaluza-Klein theory in which the geometry of an additional dimension is
fractal has been considered. In such a theory the mass of an elementary
electric charge appears to be many orders of magnitude smaller than the Planck
mass, and the "tower" of masses which correspond to higher integer charges
becomes aperiodic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129045 </DOCNO>
Imaging the 3-D cosmological mass distribution with weak gravitational


  I show how weak gravitational lensing can be used to image the 3-D mass
distribution in the Universe. An inverse relation to the lensing equation,
relating the lensing potential evaluated at each source to the full 3-D
Newtonian potential, is derived. I consider the normal modes of the lensing
problem and clarify the equations using a small-angle approximation. Finally I
consider the prospects of using this method to estimate the 3-D matter
distribution from a realistic galaxy lensing survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3951 </DOCNO>
Activation Energy in a Quantum Hall Ferromagnet and Non-Hartree-Fock


  The energy of skyrmions is calculated with the help of a technique based on
the excitonic representation: the basic set of one-exciton states is used for
the perturbation-theory formalism instead of the basic set of one-particle
states. We use the approach, at which a skyrmion-type excitation (at zero Lande
factor) is considered as a smooth non-uniform rotation in the 3D spin space.
The result within the framework of an excitonically diagonalized part of the
Coulomb Hamiltonian can be obtained by any ratio $r_{\tiny C}=(e^2/\epsilon
{}l_B)/\hbar \omega_c $ [where $e^2/\epsilon {}l_B$ is the typical Coulomb
energy (${}l_B$ being the magnetic length); $\omega_c$ is the cyclotron
frequency], and the Landau-level mixing is thereby taken into account. In
parallel with this, the result is also found exactly, to second order in terms
of the $r_{\tiny C}$ (if supposing $r_{\tiny C}$ to be small) with use of the
total Hamiltonian. When extrapolated to the region $r_{\tiny C}\sim 1$, our
calculations show that the skyrmion gap becomes substantially reduced in
comparison with the Hartree-Fock calculations. This fact brings the theory
essentially closer to the available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2729 </DOCNO>
The critical behavior of 2-d frustrated spin models with noncollinear


  We study the critical behavior of frustrated spin models with noncollinear
order in two dimensions, including antiferromagnets on a triangular lattice and
fully frustrated antiferromagnets. For this purpose we consider the
corresponding $O(N) \times O(2)$ Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson (LGW) Hamiltonian and
compute the field-theoretic expansion to four loops and determine its
large-order behavior. We show the existence of a stable fixed point for the
physically relevant cases of two- and three-component spin models. We also give
a prediction for the critical exponent $\eta$ which is $\eta =0.24(6)$ and
$\eta =0.29(5)$ for N=3 and 2 respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87036 </DOCNO>
E6 Matrix Model


  We consider a new matrix model based on the simply connected compact
exceptional Lie group E6. A matrix Chern-Simons theory is directly derived from
the invariant on E6. It is stated that the same argument as Smolin which
derives an effective action similar to the matrix string theory can also be
held in our model. The only difference is that our model has twice as many
degrees of freedom as Smolin's model has. One way to introduce the cosmological
term is the compactification on directions. It is of great interest that the
properties of the product space $\Vec{\mathfrak{J}^c} \times
\Vec{\mathcal{G}}$, in which the degrees of freedom of our model live, are very
similar to those of the physical Hilbert space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75274 </DOCNO>
$O(\alpha_s)$ Corrections to $B \to X_s e^+ e^-$ Decay in the 2HDM


  $O(\alpha_s)$ QCD corrections to the inclusive $B \to X_s e^+ e^-$ decay are
investigated within the two - Higgs doublet extension of the standard model
(2HDM). The analysis is performed in the so - called off-resonance region; the
dependence of the obtained results on the choice of the renormalization scale
is examined in details. It is shown that $O(\alpha_s)$ corrections can suppress
the $B \to X_s e^+ e^-$ decay width up to $1.5 \div 3$ times (depending on the
choice of the dilepton invariant mass $s$ and the low - energy scale $\mu$). As
a result, in the experimentally allowed range of the parameters space, the
relations between the $B \to X_s e^+ e^-$ branching ratio and the new physics
parameters are strongly affected. It is found also that though the
renormalization scale dependence of the $B \to X_s e^+ e^-$ branching is
significantly reduced, higher order effects in the perturbation theory can
still be nonnegligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99024 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Noncommutative Spheres


  We introduce a family of noncommutative 4-spheres, such that the instanton
projector has its first Chern class trivial: $ch_1(e) = B \chi + b \xi$. We
construct for them a 4-dimensional cycle and calculate explicitly the
Chern-Connes paring for the instanton projector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86072 </DOCNO>
Tension Perturbations of Black Brane Spacetimes


  We consider black-brane spacetimes that have a spatial translation Killing
field which is tangent to the brane, and explore the implications of this
symmetry for small perturbations around the spacetime. Our construction is
based on the fact that the Hamiltonian density for an Einstein-gauge field
system is pure constraint. We define $\delta\mu$, the perturbation to a tension
of the black brane spacetime, which is associated with spatial translations in
much the same way that the mass perturbation $\delta M$ is associated with the
time translation Killing field. For static charged black brane spacetimes, we
show that $\delta\mu$ is equal to $\kappa \delta A / 16\pi$ plus terms that
involve variations in the charges and currents. Therefore, as a black brane
evaporates it becomes unstressed. We give a simple derivation of the First Law
for black brane spacetimes, valid for Einstein gravity coupled to matter fields
governed by a Lagrangian. Our construction holds for arbitrary, i.e. not
necessarily stationary, perturbations, and includes perturbative fluid sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98756 </DOCNO>
Residual intersection theory with reducible schemes


  We develop a formula (Theorem 5.1) which allows to compute top Chern classes
of vector bundles on the vanishing locus $V(s)$ of a section of this bundle.
This formula particularly applies in the case when $V(s)$ is the union of
locally complete intersections giving the individual contribution of each
component and their mutual intersections. We conclude with applications to the
enumeration of rational curves in complete intersections in projective space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40823 </DOCNO>
Direct measurement of the phi(1020) leptonic branching ratio


  The process e+e-->mu+mu- has been studied by SND detector at VEPP-2M e+e-
collider in the phi(1020)-resonance energy region. The measured effective phi
meson leptonic branching ratio:
B(phi->l+l-)=sqrt{B(phi->e+e-)*B(phi->mu+mu-)}=(2.89+-0.10+-0.06)*10^{-4}
agrees well with the PDG value B(phi->e+e-)=(2.91+-0.07)*10^{-4} confirming
mu-e universality. Without additional assumption of mu-e universality the
branching ratio B(phi->mu+mu-)=(2.87+-0.20+-0.14)*10^{-4} was obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4863 </DOCNO>
Coulomb drag in phase-coherent mesoscopic structures - Numerical study


  We study Coulomb drag between two parallel disordered mesoscopic 1D-wires. By
numerical ensemble averaging we calculate the statistical properties of the
transconductance G_21 including its distribution. For wires with mutually
uncorrelated disorder potentials we find that the mean value is finite, but
with comparable fluctuations so that sign-reversal is possible. For identical
disorder potentials the mean value and the fluctuations nare enhanced compared
to the case of uncorrelated disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95972 </DOCNO>
Gauge theoretical equivariant Gromov-Witten invariants and the full


  Let $(F,J,\omega)$ be an almost K\"ahler manifold, $\alpha$ a $J$-holomorphic
action of a compact Lie group $\hat K$ on $F$, and $K$ a closed normal subgroup
of $\hat K$ which leaves $\omega$ invariant. We introduce gauge theoretical
invariants for such triples $(F,\alpha,K)$. The invariants are associated with
moduli spaces of solutions of a certain vortex type equation on a Riemann
surface.
  We give explicite descriptions of the moduli spaces associated with the
triple $(\Hom(\C^r,\C^{r_0}), \alpha_{\rm can},U(r))$, where $\alpha_{\rm can}$
denotes the canonical action of $\hat K=U(r)\times U(r_0)$ on
$\Hom(\C^r,\C^{r_0})$. In the abelian case $r=1$, the new invariants can be
computed expliciteley and identified with the full Seiberg-Witten invariants of
ruled surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113675 </DOCNO>
About Small Corrections to General Relativity: Gravitational


  In the frame of multifractal theory of time and space (in this model our
universe is consisting of real time and space fields and is the multifractal
universe) in the works [1]-[16] some problems were analyzed: how the fractional
dimensions of real fields of time and space influence on behavior of different
physical phenomena. In this paper it is shown that in the multifractal theory
of time and space the corrections of general relativity to Newton gravitational
forces are explaining very simple in Newton approach. It is shown also that
there is dependence (though very small) of bodies gravitational acceleration
from their masses, so the principle of equivalence in multifractal universe is
not absolute and it is only a very good approach. For perihelion of Mercury
rotation the correction to known results of Einstein relativity is consi-
dered. CONTENTS: 1. Introduction; 2. Newton Equations in the Multifractal
Universe; 3. Is Gravitational Acceleration Depends of the Mass of the
Accelerated Body? 4. Experimental Checking; 5. Conclusions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73579 </DOCNO>
Kinetic equilibration in heavy ion collisions: The role of elastic


  We study the kinetic equilibration of gluons produced in the very early
stages of a high energy heavy ion collision in a ``self-consistent'' relaxation
time approximation. We compare two scenarios describing the initial state of
the gluon system, namely the saturation and the minijet scenarios, both at RHIC
and LHC energies. We argue that, in order to characterize kinetic
equilibration, it is relevant to test the isotropy of various observables. As a
consequence, we find in particular that in both scenarios elastic processes are
not sufficient for the system to reach kinetic equilibrium at RHIC energies.
More generally, we show that, contrary to what is often assumed in the
literature, elastic collisions alone are not sufficient to rapidly achieve
kinetic equilibration. Because of longitudinal expansion at early times, the
actual equilibration time is at least of the order of a few fermis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114430 </DOCNO>
A Matlab Program to Calculate the Maximum Entropy Distributions


  The classical Maximum Entropy (ME) problem consists of determining a
probability distribution function (pdf) from a finite set of expectations of
known functions. The solution depends on $N+1$ Lagrange multipliers which are
determined by solving the set of nonlinear equations formed by the $N$ data
constraints and the normalization constraint. In this short communication we
give three Matlab programs to calculate these Lagrange multipliers. The first
considers the general case where the functions can be any functions. The second
considers the special case of power functions $x^n$. In this case the data are
the geometrical moments of $p(x)$. The third considers the special case of
Fourier series functions $\exp(-j n \omega x)$. In this case the data are the
trigonometrical moments of $p(x)$. Some examples are also given to illustrate
the usefullness of these programs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41860 </DOCNO>
Breaking Eight-fold Degeneracies in Neutrino CP Violation, Mixing, and


  We identify three independent two-fold parameter degeneracies (\delta,
\theta_{13}), sgn(\delta m^2_{31}) and (\theta_{23}, \pi/2-\theta_{23})
inherent in the usual three-neutrino analysis of long-baseline neutrino
experiments, which can lead to as much as an eight-fold degeneracy in the
determination of the oscillation parameters. We discuss the implications these
degeneracies have for detecting CP violation and present criteria for breaking
them. A superbeam facility with a baseline at least as long as the distance
between Fermilab and Homestake (1290 km) and a narrow band beam with energy
tuned so that the measurements are performed at the first oscillation peak can
resolve all the ambiguities other than the (\theta_{23}, \pi/2-\theta_{23})
ambiguity (which can be resolved at a neutrino factory) and a residual (\delta,
\pi-\delta) ambiguity. However, whether or not CP violation occurs in the
neutrino sector can be ascertained independently of the latter two ambiguities.
The (\delta,\pi-\delta) ambiguity can be eliminated by performing a second
measurement to which only the \cos\delta terms contribute. The hierarchy of
mass eigenstates can be determined at other oscillation peaks only in the most
optimistic conditions, making it necessary to use the first oscillation
maximum. We show that the degeneracies may severely compromise the ability of
the proposed SuperJHF-HyperKamiokande experiment to establish CP violation. In
our calculations we use approximate analytic expressions for oscillation
probabilitites that agree with numerical solutions with a realistic Earth
density profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96847 </DOCNO>
A New Bound for Kloosterman Sums


  We give generating functions for Gauss sums for finite general linear and
unitary groups. For the general linear case only our method of proof is new,
but we deduce a bound on Kloosterman sums which is sometimes sharper than
Deligne's bound from algebraic geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148347 </DOCNO>
Irreducible Hamiltonian BRST-anti-BRST symmetry for reducible systems


  An irreducible Hamiltonian BRST-anti-BRST treatment of reducible first-class
systems based on homological arguments is proposed. The general formalism is
exemplified on the Freedman-Townsend model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1667 </DOCNO>
Low-temperature kinetics of exciton-exciton annihilation of weakly


  We present results of numerical simulations of the kinetics of
exciton-exciton annihilation of weakly localized one-dimensional Frenkel
excitons at low temperatures. We find that the kinetics is represented by two
well-distinguished components: a fast short-time decay and a very slow
long-time tail. The former arises from excitons that initially reside in states
belonging to the same localization segment of the chain, while the slow
component is caused by excitons created on different localization segments. We
show that the usual bi-molecular theory fails in the description of the
behavior found. We also present a qualitative analytical explanation of the
non-exponential behavior observed in both the short- and the long-time decay
components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97050 </DOCNO>
Free particle on SU(2) group manifold


  In the present paper detailed coordinate free description of the classical
and quantum dynamics of free particle on SU(2) group manifold is carried out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149239 </DOCNO>
Nonabelian Gauge Theories on Noncommutative Spaces


  In this paper, we describe a method for obtaining the nonabelian
Seiberg-Witten map for any gauge group and to any order in theta. The equations
defining the Seiberg-Witten map are expressed using a coboundary operator, so
that they can be solved by constructing a corresponding homotopy operator. The
ambiguities, of both the gauge and covariant type, which arise in this map are
manifest in our formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86095 </DOCNO>
On particle production by classical backgrounds


  The theory of quantum fields in classical backgrounds is re-examined for the
cases in which the Lagrangian is quadratic in quantum fields. Various methods
that describe particle production are discussed. It is found that all methods
suffer from certain ambiguities, related to the choice of coordinates, gauge,
or counter-terms. They also seem to be inconsistent with the conservation of
energy. This suggests that such classical backgrounds may not cause particle
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129716 </DOCNO>
Crossing the Brown Dwarf Desert Using Adaptive Optics: A Very Close


  We have found a very faint companion to the active solar analog HR 7672 (HD
190406; GJ 779; 15 Sge). Three epochs of high resolution imaging using adaptive
optics (AO) at the Gemini-North and Keck II Telescopes demonstrate that HR
7672B is a common proper motion companion, with a separation of 0.79" (14 AU)
and a 2.16 um flux ratio of 8.6 mags. Using follow-up K-band spectroscopy from
Keck AO+NIRSPEC, we measure a spectral type of L4.5+/-1.5. This is the closest
ultracool companion around a main sequence star found to date by direct
imaging. We estimate the primary has an age of 1-3 Gyr. Assuming coevality, the
companion is most likely substellar, with a mass of 55-78 Mjup based on
theoretical models. The primary star shows a long-term radial velocity trend,
and we combine the radial velocity data and AO imaging to set a firm
(model-independent) lower limit of 48 Mjup. In contrast to the paucity of brown
dwarf companions at <~4 AU around FGK dwarfs, HR 7672B implies that brown dwarf
companions do exist at separations comparable to those of the giant planets in
our own solar system. Its presence is at variance with scenarios where brown
dwarfs form as ejected stellar embryos. Moreover, since HR 7672B is likely too
massive to have formed in a circumstellar disk as planets are believed to, its
discovery suggests that a diversity of physical processes act to populate the
outer regions of exoplanetary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125046 </DOCNO>
The Fading Radio Emission from SN 1961V: Evidence for a Type II Peculiar


  Using the Very Large Array (VLA), we have detected radio emission from the
site of SN 1961V in the Sc galaxy NGC 1058. With a peak flux density of 0.063
+/- 0.008 mJy/beam at 6 cm and 0.147 +/- 0.026 mJy/beam at 18 cm, the source is
non-thermal, with a spectral index of -0.79 +/- 0.23. Within errors, this
spectral index is the same value reported for previous VLA observations taken
in 1984 and 1986. The radio emission at both wavelengths has decayed since the
mid 1980's observations with power-law indices of beta(20cm) = -0.69 +/- 0.23
and beta(6cm) = -1.75 +/- 0.16. We discuss the radio properties of this source
and compare them with those of Type II radio supernovae and luminous blue
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96355 </DOCNO>
Complete subvarieties in moduli spaces of rank 2 stables sheaves on


  The aim of this paper is to prove the existence of large complete
subvarieties in moduli spaces of rank two stable sheaves with arbitrary $c_1$
and sufficiently large $c_2$ on algebraic surfaces. Then we study the
restriction of these sheaves to curves of high degree embedded in the surface.
In the final section we gives a relation with the spin strata defined by
Pidstrigach and Tyurin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97570 </DOCNO>
A New Weighted Metric: the Relative Metric II


  In the first part of this investigation, [Ha], we generalized a weighted
distance function of [Li] and found necessary and sufficient conditions for it
being a metric. In this paper some properties of this so-called M-relative
metric are established. Specifically, isometries, quasiconvexity and local
convexity results are derived. We also illustrate connections between our
approach and generalizations of the hyperbolic metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 298 </DOCNO>
Series study of the One-dimensional S-T Spin-Orbital Model


  We use perturbative series expansions about a staggered dimerized ground
state to compute the ground state energy, triplet excitation spectra and
spectral weight for a one-dimensional model in which each site has an $S=\case
1/2$ spin ${\bf S}_i$ and a pseudospin ${\bf T}_i$, representing a doubly
degenerate orbital. An explicit dimerization is introduced to allow study of
the confinement of spinon excitations. The elementary triplet represents a
bound state of two spinons, and is stable over much of the Brillouine zone. A
special line is found in the gapped spin-liquid phase, on which the triplet
excitation is dispersionless. The formation of triplet bound states is also
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1787 </DOCNO>
A relationship between electron transfer rates and molecular conduction


  This note discusses the relationship between a given intramolecular bridge
assisted electron transfer rate and the corresponding zero bias molecular
conduction of the same molecular species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149408 </DOCNO>
Quantum Dirac field without vacuum energy divergence


  A quantum Dirac field theory with no divergences of vacuum energy is
presented. The vacuum energy divergence is eliminated by removing a extra
degree of freedom of the Dirac fields. The conditions for removing the extra
degree of freedom, expressed in the form of a conservation law and an
orthogonality relation, define another spin 1/2 field with the same rest mass
that is just the antifermion field. The anticommutation relations for fermion
and antifermion fields are imposed by this conservation law. Both fermion and
antifermion fields have only states with positive energies due to the
orthogonality relation. The expressions of the charge density and the current
density are obtained. The charge conservation law is established. A form for
canical quantization applicable to both Boson and Dirac fields is introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86746 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet Fixed Point and Generalized Flow Equation of Quantum Gravity


  A new exact renormalization group equation for the effective average action
of Euclidean quantum gravity is constructed. It is formulated in terms of the
component fields appearing in the transverse-traceless decomposition of the
metric. It facilitates both the construction of an appropriate infrared cutoff
and the projection of the renormalization group flow onto a large class of
truncated parameter spaces. The Einstein-Hilbert truncation is investigated in
detail and the fixed point structure of the resulting flow is analyzed. Both a
Gaussian and a non-Gaussian fixed point are found. If the non-Gaussian fixed
point is present in the exact theory, quantum Einstein gravity is likely to be
renormalizable at the nonperturbative level. In order to assess the reliability
of the truncation a comprehensive analysis of the scheme dependence of
universal quantities is performed. We find strong evidence supporting the
hypothesis that 4-dimensional Einstein gravity is asymptotically safe, i.e.
nonperturbatively renormalizable. The renormalization group improvement of the
graviton propagator suggests a kind of dimensional reduction from 4 to 2
dimensions when spacetime is probed at sub-Planckian length scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150116 </DOCNO>
Holography and Defect Conformal Field Theories


  We develop both the gravity and field theory sides of the Karch-Randall
conjecture that the near-horizon description of a certain D5-D3 brane
configuration in string theory, realized as AdS_5 x S^5 bisected by an AdS_4 x
S^2 "brane", is dual to N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory in R^4 coupled to an R^3
defect. We propose a complete Lagrangian for the field theory dual, a novel
"defect superconformal field theory" wherein a subset of the fields of N=4 SYM
interacts with a d=3 SU(N) fundamental hypermultiplet on the defect preserving
conformal invariance and 8 supercharges. The Kaluza-Klein reduction of wrapped
D5 modes on AdS_4 x S^2 leads to towers of short representations of OSp(4|4),
and we construct the map to a set of dual gauge-invariant defect operators O_3
possessing integer conformal dimensions. Gravity calculations of <O_4> and
<O_4O_3> are given. Spacetime and N-dependence matches expectations from dCFT,
while the behavior as functions of lambda = g^2 N at strong and weak coupling
is generically different. We comment on a class of correlators for which a
non-renormalization theorem may still exist. Partial evidence for the
conformality of the quantum theory is given, including a complete argument for
the special case of a U(1) gauge group. Some weak coupling arguments which
illuminate the duality are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2983 </DOCNO>
Vortex dissipation and level dynamics for the layered superconductors


  We study parametric level statistics of the discretized excitation spectra
inside a moving vortex core in layered superconductors with impurities. The
universal conductivity is evaluated numerically for the various values of
rescaled vortex velocities $\kappa$ from the clean case to the dirty limit
case. The random matrix theoretical prediction is verified numerically in the
large $\kappa$ regime. On the contrary in the low velocity regime, we observe
$\sigma_{xx} \propto \kappa^{2/3}$ which is consistent with the theoretical
result for the super-clean case, where the energy dissipation is due to the
Landau-Zener transition which takes place at the points called ``avoided
crossing''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124427 </DOCNO>
AMS : A particle observatory in space


  The expected physics and astrophysics capabilities of the AMS experiment on
board the International Space Station are briefly reviewed : high statistics
study of cosmic rays in a wide range of energies, search for primordial
antimatter, search for non-baryonic dark matter and, to some extent, gamma-ray
astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95627 </DOCNO>
Cycles of Bott-Samelson type for taut representations


  Bott and Samuelson constructed explicit cycles representing a basis of the
Z_2-homology of the orbits of variationally complete representations of compact
Lie groups. As a consequence, all those orbits are taut. We were able to show
that an irreducible representation of a compact Lie group, all of whose orbits
are taut, is either variationally complete or it is one of the following
orthogonal representations (n bigger than or equal to 2): the (standard) x_R
(spin) representation of SO(2)xSpin(9); or the (standard) x_C (standard)
representation of U(2)xSp(n); or the (standard)^3 x_ H (standard)
representation of SU(2)xSp(n). In this paper we will show how to adapt the
construction of the cycles of Bott and Samelson to the orbits of these three
representations. As a result, they also admit explicit cycles representing a
basis of their Z_2-homology and, in particular, this provides another proof of
their tautness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128083 </DOCNO>
Relic Black Holes and Type 2 Quasars


  We follow the evolution of the Black Hole mass function in the assumption
that mass accretion onto a massive BH is the powering mechanism of AGN
activity. With reasonable assumptions suggested by current knowledge, it is
possible to reproduce the Black Hole mass function derived from local bulges.
In particular it is found that the majority of the mass in relic Black Holes
was produced during AGN activity and that the ratio between obscured and
unobscured quasars is between 1 and 2, much lower than required by synthesis
models of the X-ray background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3959 </DOCNO>
Quantum feedback control of a solid-state two-level system


  We have studied theoretically the basic operation of a quantum feedback loop
designed to maintain the desired phase of quantum coherent oscillations in a
two-level system. Such feedback can suppress the dephasing of oscillations due
to interaction with environment. Prospective experiments can be realized using
metallic single-electron devices or GaAs technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97076 </DOCNO>
Birationally rigid Fano hypersurfaces with isolated singularities


  It is proved that a general Fano hypersurface of index 1 (in the projective
space) with isolated singularities of general position is birationally rigid.
Therefore it cannot be fibered into uniruled varieties of a smaller dimension
by a rational map. The group of birational self-maps is either trivial or
cyclic of order two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41284 </DOCNO>
More Straightforward Extraction of the Fundamental Lepton Mixing


  We point out the simple reversibility between the fundamental neutrino mixing
parameters in vacuum and their effective counterparts in matter. The former can
therefore be expressed in terms of the latter, allowing more straightforward
extraction of the genuine lepton mixing quantities from a variety of
long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. In addition to the
parametrization-independent results, we present the formulas based on the
standard parametrization of the lepton flavor mixing matrix and give a typical
numerical illustration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97538 </DOCNO>
Local Primitive Causality and the Common Cause Principle in Quantum


  If \{A(V)\} is a net of local von Neumann algebras satisfying standard axioms
of algebraic relativistic quantum field theory and V_1 and V_2 are spacelike
separated spacetime regions, then the system (A(V_1),A(V_2),\phi) is said to
satisfy the Weak Reichenbach's Common Cause Principle iff for every pair of
projections A \in A(V_1), B \in A(V_2) correlated in the normal state \phi
there exists a projection C belonging to a von Neumann algebra associated with
a spacetime region V contained in the union of the backward light cones of V_1
and V_2 and disjoint from both V_1 and V_2, a projection having the properties
of a Reichenbachian common cause of the correlation between A and B. It is
shown that if the net has the local primitive causality property then every
local system (A(V_1),A(V_2),\phi) with a locally normal and locally faithful
state \phi and open bounded V_1 and V_2 satisfies the Weak Reichenbach's Common
Cause Principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2402 </DOCNO>
Vacuum in quantum liquids and in general relativity


  Quantum liquids, in which an effective Lorentzian metric and thus some kind
of gravity gradually arise in the low-energy corner, are the objects where the
problems related to the quantum vacuum can be investigated in detail. In
particular, they provide the possible solution of the cosmological constant
problem: why the vacuum energy is by 120 orders of magnitude smaller than the
estimation from the relativistic quantum field theory. The almost complete
cancellation of the cosmological constant does not require any fine tuning and
comes from the fundamental ``trans-Planckian'' physics of quantum liquids. The
remaining vacuum energy is generated by the perturbations of quantum vacuum
caused by matter (quasiparticles), curvature, and other possible sources, such
as smooth component -- the quintessence. This provides the possible solution of
another cosmological constant problem: why the present cosmological constant is
on the order of the present matter density of the Universe. We discuss here
some properties of the quantum vacuum in quantum liquids: the vacuum energy
under different conditions; excitations above the vacuum state and the
effective acoustic metric for them provided by the motion of the vacuum;
Casimir effect, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113765 </DOCNO>
Ideas Behind Kolmogorov Complexity and Related Kolmogorov's Ideas about


  In addition to the equations, physicists use the following additional
difficult-to-formalize property: that the initial conditions and the value of
the parameters must not be abnormal. We will describe a natural formalization
of this property, and show that this formalization in good accordance with
theoretical physics. At present, this formalization has been mainly applied to
the foundations of physics. However, potentially, more practical applications
are possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98390 </DOCNO>
On an alternate proof of Hamilton's matrix Harnack inequality for the


  Based on a suggestion of Richard Hamilton, we give an alternate proof of his
matrix Harnack inequality for solutions of the Ricci flow with positive
curvature operator. This Harnack inequality says that a certain endomorphism,
consisting of an expression in the curvature and its first two covariant
derivatives, of the bundle of 2-forms Whitney sum 1-forms is nonnegative. The
idea is to consider the 2-form which minimizes the associated quadratic form to
obtain a symmetric 2-tensor. A long but straightforward computation implies
this 2-tensor is a subsolution to heat-type equation. A standard application of
the maximum principle implies the result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127680 </DOCNO>
Interoperability tools for the Virtual Observatory


  Interoperability is one of the key issues in the current efforts to build the
Virtual Observatory. We present here some of the tools which already contribute
to the efficient exchange of information between archives, databases, and
journals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2414 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics of one-dimensional trapped Tonks gases


  Several experimental groups are currently working towards realizing
quasi-one-dimensional (1D) atom waveguides and loading them with ultracold
atoms. The dynamics becomes truly 1D in a regime (Tonks gas) of low
temperatures and densities and large positive scattering lengths for which the
transverse mode becomes frozen, in which case the many-body Schrodinger
dynamics becomes exactly soluble via a Fermi-Bose mapping theorem. In this
paper we review our recent work on the exact ground state and quantum dynamics
of 1D Tonks gases and assess the possibility of approaching the Tonks regime
using Bessel beam optical dipole traps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5078 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Folding of a Small Peptide


  We study the thermodynamics and kinetics of folding for a small peptide. Our
data rely on Monte Carlo simulations where the interactions among all atoms are
taken into account. Monte Carlo kinetics is used to study folding of the
peptide at suitable temperatures. The results of these canonical simulations
are compared with that of a generalized-ensemble simulation. Our work
demonstrates that concepts of folding which were developed in the past for
minimalist models hold also for this peptide when simulated with an all-atom
force field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150030 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Wilson Surfaces


  A definition of non-abelian genus zero open Wilson surfaces is proposed. The
ambiguity in surface-ordering is compensated by the gauge transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40926 </DOCNO>
Single-spin Azimuthal Asymmetries in Electroproduction of Neutral Pions


  A single-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of neutral pions
relative to the lepton scattering plane has been measured for the first time in
deep-inelastic scattering of positrons off longitudinally polarized protons.
The analysing power in the sin(phi) moment of the cross section is 0.019 +/-
0.007(stat.) +/- 0.003(syst.). This result is compared to single-spin
asymmetries for charged pion production measured in the same kinematic range.
The pi^0 asymmetry is of the same size as the pi^+ asymmetry and shows a
similar dependence on the relevant kinematic variables. The asymmetry is
described by a phenomenological calculation based on a fragmentation function
that represents sensitivity to the transverse polarization of the struck quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86889 </DOCNO>
Limitations on quantum information from black hole physics


  After reviewing the relation of entropy to information, I derive the entropy
bound as applied to bounded weakly gravitating systems, and review the bound's
applications to cosmology as well as its extensions to higher dimensions. I
then discuss why black holes behave as 1-D objects when emitting entropy, which
suggests that a black hole swallows information at a rate restricted by the
one-channel information capacity. I discuss fundamental limitations on the
information borne by signal pulses in curved spacetime, from which I verify the
mentioned bound on the rate of information disposal by a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148279 </DOCNO>
Applications of Reflection Amplitudes in Toda-type Theories


  This paper has been withdrawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113461 </DOCNO>
Information losses in continuous variable quantum teleportation


  It is shown that the information losses due to the limited fidelity of
continuous variable quantum teleportation are equivalent to the losses induced
by a beam splitter of appropriate reflectivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6767 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic transition in a double-exchange system containing


  We formulate the Dynamical Mean Field Approximation equations for the
double-exchange system with quenched disorder for arbitrary relation between
Hund exchange coupling and electron band width. Close to the
ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition point the DMFA equations can be reduced
to the ordinary mean field equation of Curie-Weiss type. We solve the equation
to find the transition temperature and present the magnetic phase diagram of
the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124852 </DOCNO>
A Chandra X-ray Study of NGC 1068 - I. Observations of Extended Emission


  We report sub arc-second resolution X-ray imaging-spectroscopy of the
archetypal type 2 Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 with the Chandra X-ray Observatory.
The observations reveal the detailed structure and spectra of the 13 kpc-extent
nebulosity previously imaged at lower resolution with ROSAT. The Chandra image
shows a bright, compact source coincident with the brightest radio and optical
emission; this source is extended by \simeq 1.5 arcsec (165 pc) in the same
direction as the nuclear optical line and radio continuum emission. Bright
X-ray emission extends \simeq 5 arcsec (550 pc) to the NE and coincides with
the NE radio lobe and gas in the narrow line region. The large-scale emission
shows trailing spiral arms and other structures. Numerous point sources
associated with NGC 1068 are seen. There is a very strong correlation between
the X-ray emission and the high excitation ionized gas seen in HST and
ground-based [O III] \lambda 5007 images. The X-rays to the NE of the nucleus
are absorbed by only the Galactic column density and thus originate from the
near side of the disk of NGC 1068. In contrast the X-rays to the SW are more
highly absorbed and must come from gas in the disk or on the far side of it.
This geometry is similar to that inferred for the narrow line region and radio
lobes. (Abstract truncated).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113528 </DOCNO>
Direction Adaptation Nature of Coulomb's Force and Gravitational Force


  In this paper, we point out that the Coulomb's force and gravitational force
on a particle always act in the direction orthogonal to the 4-vector velocity
of the particle in 4-dimensional space-time, rather than along the line joining
a couple of particles. This inference is obviously supported from the fact that
the magnitude of the 4-vector velocity is kept constant.This orthogonal
relation that brings out many new aspects for the Coulomb's force and
gravitational force is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148515 </DOCNO>
On the Generalized Exclusion Statistics


  We review the principal steps leading to drive the wave function $\psi
_{\{k_1,k_2,...,k_N \}}(1,2,...,N)$ of a gaz of $N$ identical particle states
with exotic statistics. For spins $s=1/M$ $mod(1)$, we show that the
quasideterminant conjectured in [19], by using $2d$ conformal field theoretical
methods, is indeed related to the quantum determinant of noncommutative
geometry. The q-number $[N]!=\prod_{n=1}^N(\sum_{j=0}^{N-1} q^j)$ carrying the
effect of the generalized Pauli exclusion principle, according to which no more
than $(M-1)$ identical particles of spin $s=1/M$ $mod(1)$ can live altogether
on the same quantum state, is rederived in rigourous from the q-antisymmetry.
Other features are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98984 </DOCNO>
Some Diophantine relations involving circular functions of rational


  The eigenvalues of the 3 off-diagonal matrices of rank $n$ with elements $1+i
cot[(j-k)\pi/n], sin^{-2}[(j-k)\pi/n]$ and $sin^{-4}[(j-k)\pi /n],
(j=1,2,...,n, k=1,2,...,n, j\neq k)$ are computed. The sums over $k$ from 1 to
$n-1$ of $cot(k\pi/n) sin(2sk\pi/n)$ and $sin^{-p}(k\pi/n) cos(2sk\pi/n)$ are
moreover computed for $s$ integer and $p=2$ and 4. The results are given by
simple formulae in terms of integers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3957 </DOCNO>
Neutron scattering study of dipolar spin ice Ho_2Sn_2O_7: Frustrated


  By means of neutron scattering techniques we have investigated the frustrated
pyrochlore magnet Ho_2Sn_2O_7, which was found to show a ferromagnetic spin-ice
behavior below T \simeq 1.4 K by susceptibility measurements. High-resolution
powder-neutron-diffraction shows no detectable disorder of the lattice, which
implies appearance of a random magnetic state solely by frustrated geometry,
i.e., the corner sharing tetrahedra. Magnetic inelastic-scattering spectra show
that Ho magnetic moments behave as an Ising spin system at low temperatures,
and that the spin fluctuation has static character. The system remains in a
short-range ordered state down to T = 0.4 K. By analyzing the wave-number
dependence of the magnetic scattering using a mean field theory, it is
clarified that the Ising spins interact via the dipolar interaction. Therefore
we conclude that Ho_2Sn_2O_7 belongs to the dipolar-spin-ice family. Slow spin
dynamics is exhibited as thermal hysteresis and time dependence of the magnetic
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3198 </DOCNO>
Stabilization of d-Band Ferromagnetism by Hybridization with


  We investigate the influence of s-d or p-d hybridization to d-band
ferromagnetism to estimate the importance of hybridization for the magnetic
properties of transition metals. To focus our attention to the interplay
between hybridization and correlation we investigate a simple model system
consisting of two non-degenerated hybridized bands, one strongly correlated,
the other one quasi-free. To solve this extended Hubbard model, we apply simple
approximations, namely SDA and MAA, that, concerning ferromagnetism in the
single-band model, are known to give qualitatively satisfactory results. This
approach allows us to discuss the underlying mechanism, by which d-band
ferromagnetism is influenced by the hybridization on the basis of analytical
expressions. The latter clearly display the order and the functional
dependencies of the important effects. It is found, that spin-dependent
inter-band particle fluctuations cause a spin-dependent band shift and a
spin-dependent band broadening of the Hubbard bands. The shift stabilizes, the
broadening tends to destabilize ferromagnetism. Stabilization requires
relatively high band distances and small hybridization matrix elements.
Super-exchange and RKKY coupling are of minor importance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123623 </DOCNO>
Soft X-ray AGN Luminosity Function from ROSAT Surveys II. Table of the


  This is the second paper of our investigation of the 0.5-2 keV soft X-ray
luminosity function (SXLF) of active galactic nuclei (AGN) using results from
ROSAT surveys of various depth. The large dynamic range of the combined sample,
from shallow large-area ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS)-based samples to the
satellite's deepest pointed observation on the Lockman Hole, enabled us to
trace the behavior of the SXLF. While the first paper (Miyaji, Hasinger,
Schmidt 2000, hereafter paper I) emphasized the global behavior of the SXLF,
cosmological evolution and contribution to the soft X-ray background, this
paper presents actual numerical values for practical use of our results.
 To present the binned SXLF, we have used an improved estimator, which is free
from biases associated with the conventional 1/Va estimator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99201 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic on Elliptic Threefolds


  In a recent paper, Rosen and Silverman showed that Tate's conjecture on the
order of vanishing of L(E,s) implies Nagao's formula, which gives the rank of
an elliptic surface in terms of a weighted average of fibral Frobenius trace
values. The aim of this article is to extend their result to the case of
elliptic threefolds, and deduce, from Tate's conjecture, a Nagao-type formula
for the rank of an elliptic threefold E. This will require a two-pronged
approach: on the one hand, we need some cohomological results in order to
derive a Shioda-Tate-like formula for elliptic threefolds; on the other, we
compute an "average" number of rational points on the singular fibers and
relate this to the action of Galois on those fibers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148876 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of conformal field theories and cosmology


  We study the ratio of the entropy to the total energy in conformal field
theories at finite temperature. For the free field realizations of N=4 super
Yang-Mills theory in D=4 and the (2,0) tensor multiplet in D=6, the ratio is
bounded from above. The corresponding bounds are less stringent than the
recently proposed Verlinde bound. For strongly coupled CFTs with AdS duals, we
show that the ratio obeys the Verlinde bound even in the presence of rotation.
For such CFTs, we point out an intriguing resemblance in their thermodynamic
formulas with the corresponding ones of two-dimensional CFTs. The discussion is
based on hep-th/0101076.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123496 </DOCNO>
Time-Variable Emission from Transiently Accreting Neutron Stars In


  Transiently accreting neutron stars in quiescence (Lx<10^34 erg/s) have been
observed to vary in intensity by factors of few, over timescales of days to
years. If the quiescent luminosity is powered by a hot NS core, the core
cooling timescale is much longer than the recurrence time, and cannot explain
the observed, more rapid variability. However, the non-equilibrium reactions
which occur in the crust during outbursts deposit energy in iso-density shells,
from which the thermal diffusion timescale to the photosphere is days to years.
The predicted magnitude of variability is too low to explain the observed
variability unless - as is widely believed - the neutrons beyond the
neutron-drip density are superfluid. Even then, variability due to this
mechanism in models with standard core neutrino cooling processes is less than
50 per cent - still too low to explain the reported variability. However,
models with rapid core neutrino cooling can produce variability by a factor as
great as 20, on timescales of days to years following an outburst. Thus, the
factors of few intensity variability observed from transiently accreting
neutron stars can be accounted for by this mechanism only if rapid core cooling
processes are active.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95591 </DOCNO>
Running after a new Kaehler-Einstein metric


  We deal with compact Kaehler manifolds M which are acted on by a semisimple
compact Lie group G of isometries with codimension one regular orbits. We
provide an explicit description of the standard blow-ups of such manifolds
along complex singular orbits, in case b_1(M) = 0 and the regular orbits are
Levi nondegenerate. Up to very few exceptions, all the nonhomogeneous manifolds
in this class are shown to admit a G-invariant Kaehler-Einstein metric, giving
completely new examples of compact Kaehler-Einstein manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98833 </DOCNO>
Density of states for Random Band Matrix


  By applying the supersymmetric approach we rigorously prove smoothness of the
averaged density of states for a three dimensional random band matrix ensemble,
in the limit of infinite volume and fixed band width. We also prove that the
resulting expression for the density of states coincides with the Wigner
semicircle with a precision $1/W^2$, for $W$ large but finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95401 </DOCNO>
Sharp Growth Estimates for Modified Poisson Integrals in a Half Space


  For continuous boundary data, including data of polynomial growth, modified
Poisson integrals are used to write solutions to the half space Dirichlet and
Neumann problems in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. Pointwise growth estimates for these
integrals are given and the estimates are proved sharp in a strong sense. For
decaying data, a new type of modified Poisson integral is introduced and used
to develop asymptotic expansions for solutions of these half space problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97642 </DOCNO>
Structure of Contact Lie Algebras Related to Locally-Finite Derivations


  Classical contact Lie algebras are the fundamental algebraic structures on
the manifolds of contact elements of configuration spaces in classical
mechanics. In this paper, we determine the structure of the currently largest
known category of contact simple Lie algebras introduced earlier by the second
author. These algebras are in general not finitely-graded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2175 </DOCNO>
Hidden Spectra and Bose Einstein Condensation on low dimensional complex


  Topological inhomogeneity gives rise to spectral anomalies that can induce
Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) in low dimensional systems. These anomalies
consist in energy regions composed of an infinite number of states with
vanishing weight in the thermodynamic limit (hidden states). Here we present a
rigorous result giving the most general conditions for BEC on complex networks.
We prove that the presence of hidden states in the lowest region of the
spectrum is the necessary and sufficient condition for condensation in low
dimension (spectral dimension $\bar{d}\leq 2$), while it is shown that BEC
always occurs for $\bar{d}>2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168352 </DOCNO>
Ion-trap quantum logic using long-wavelength radiation


  A quantum information processor is proposed that combines experimental
techniques and technology successfully demonstrated either in nuclear magnetic
resonance experiments or with trapped ions. An additional inhomogenenous
magnetic field applied to an ion trap i) shifts individual ionic resonances
(qubits), making them distinguishable by frequency, and, ii) mediates the
coupling between internal and external degrees of freedom of trapped ions. This
scheme permits one to individually address and coherently manipulate ions
confined in an electrodynamic trap using radiation in the radiofrequency or
microwave regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76928 </DOCNO>
Proton Decay in the Semi-Simple Unification


  Semi-simple unification is one of a model which naturally solves two
difficulties in the supersymmetric grand unification theory: doublet-triplet
splitting problem and suppression of dimension 5 proton decay. We analyzed the
dimension 6 proton decay of this model using perturbative analysis at the
next-to-leading order. The life time of proton is 3 \times 10^{34} - 10^{35}
years for wide range of SUSY breaking parameters, and there is an intriguing
possibility of observing proton decay signals in the next-generation water
Cherenkov detectors such as Hyper-Kamiokande and TITAND. Several uncertainties
in this prediction are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41682 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark symmetry in B -> D(*) ell nu spectra


  We calculate heavy quark symmetry breaking in the slopes and curvatures of
the $B\to D^{(*)}\ell\bar\nu$ spectra at zero recoil, including the order
$\alpha_s^2\beta_0$ corrections. We point out that the theoretical
uncertainties in the differences between $B\to D$ and $B\to D^*$ slopes and
curvatures are smaller than in the deviations of the slopes and curvatures
themselves from their infinite mass limits. We find that the central values of
the current experimental results for the difference of the slopes differ from
our calculations when QCD sum rules are used to estimate subleading Isgur-Wise
functions. A better understanding of the shapes of the $B\to
D^{(*)}\ell\bar\nu$ spectra may also help to reduce the error of $|V_{cb}|$
extracted from the zero recoil limit of $B\to D^*\ell\bar\nu$. We argue that
heavy quark symmetry requires that the same fitting procedure be used in the
experimental determinations of the shape parameters and $|V_{cb}|$ from the
$B\to D\ell\bar\nu$ and $B\to D^{*}\ell\bar\nu$ spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3599 </DOCNO>
Dynamic instability in resonant tunneling


  We show that an instability may be present in resonant tunneling through a
quantum well in one, two and three dimensions, when the resonance lies near the
emitter Fermi level. A simple semiclassical model which simulates the resonance
and the projected density of states by a nonlinear conductor, the Coulomb
barrier by a capacitance, and the time evolution by an iterated map, is used.
The model reproduces the observed hysteresis in such devices, and exhibits a
series of bifurcations leading to fast chaotic current fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168398 </DOCNO>
Distillability via protocols respecting the positivity of partial


  We show that all quantum states that do not have a positive partial transpose
are distillable via channels, which preserve the positivity of the partial
transpose. The question whether NPT bound entanglement exist is therefore
closely related to the connection between the set of separable superoperators
and PPT-preserving maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124732 </DOCNO>
The mean surface density of companions in a stellar-dynamical context


  Applying the mean surface density of companions, Sigma(r), to the dynamical
evolution of star clusters is an interesting approach to quantifying structural
changes in a cluster. It has the advantage that the entire density structure,
ranging from the closest binary separations, over the core-halo structure
through to the density distribution in moving groups that originate from
clusters, can be analysed coherently as one function of the stellar separations
r.
  This contribution assesses the evolution of Sigma(r) for clusters with
different initial densities and binary populations. The changes in the binary,
cluster and halo branches as the clusters evolve are documented using direct
N-body calculations, and are correlated with the cluster core and half-mass
radius. The location of breaks in the slope of Sigma(r) and the possible
occurrence of a binary gap can be used to infer dynamical cluster properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76400 </DOCNO>
Constraints On Radiative Neutrino Mass Models From Oscillation Data


  The three neutrino Zee model and its extension including three active and one
sterile species are studied in the light of new neutrino oscillation data. We
obtain analytical relations for the mixing angle in solar oscillations in terms
of neutrino mass squared differences. For the four neutrino case, we obtain the
result $\mathsf{sin^2 2 \theta_\odot \approx 1 - [ (\Delta m^2_{Atm})^2/(4
\Delta m^2_{LSND} \Delta m^2_\odot) ]^2}$, which can accommodate both the large
and small mixing scenarios. We show that within this framework, while both the
SMA-MSW and the LMA-MSW solutions can easily be accommodated, it would be
difficult to reconcile the LOW-QVO solutions. We also comment on the
active-sterile admixture within phenomenologically viable textures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179314 </DOCNO>
Strangeness equilibration in heavy ion collisions


  Using a relativistic transport model for heavy ion collisions at energies
that are below the threshold for kaon and antikaon production in
nucleon-nucleon collisions, we study how their abundances approach the
canonical equilibrium during the collisions. We find that kaons are far from
chemical equilibrium at the initial and high density stage, and they approach
equilibrium only during the expansion stage of the collisions when their
production rate is small and becomes comparable to their annihilation rate. In
contrast, antikaons approach chemical equilibrium much earlier but eventually
fall out of equilibrium again as a result of their large annihilation cross
sections in nuclear matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128874 </DOCNO>
The AGN contribution to mid-infrared surveys


  We provide constraints on the AGN contribution to the mid-IR extragalactic
background light from a correlation analysis of deep X-ray and mid-IR
observations in two regions centred on the Lockman Hole (LH) and Hubble Deep
Field North (HDFN). Among the 76 galaxies detected by XMM in the LH area (200
square arcminutes), 24 show mid-IR emission, but the relative percentage of
X-ray sources with mid-IR counterparts increases with the band energy: from 30%
of the 0.5-2 keV sources up to 63% of the 5-10 keV sources. In contrast, only a
small fraction of the mid-IR sources (around 10%) show X-ray emission. In the
region centred on the HDFN (24 square arcminutes), 25% of the mid-IR sources
are detected in the X-ray, while 30-40% of the X-ray sources show mid-IR
emission. Under the conservative assumption that all XMM sources are
AGN-dominated, AGNs contribute 15% of the total mid-IR flux in the LH. For the
HDFN we have assumed that AGN-dominated sources are luminous X-ray sources with
radio to X-ray SEDs typical of local AGNs, in which case we find that 18% of
the mid-IR flux are due to AGN emission. If we put together all the existing
information from the deepest HDFN data to the shallow large-area BeppoSAX
observations in the ELAIS S1 region using the median mid-IR to X-ray spectral
indices as a function of the X-ray flux, we find an AGN contribution to the
15um background of 17%. We conclude that the population of IR luminous galaxies
detected in the ISOCAM deep surveys are mainly constituted by dust-obscured
starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125218 </DOCNO>
Gas phase production of NHD2 in L134N


  We show analytically that large abundances of NH2D and NHD2 can be produced
by gas phase chemistry in the interiors of cold dense clouds. The calculated
fractionation ratios are in good agreement with the values that have been
previously determined in L134N and suggest that triply-deuterated ammonia could
be detectable in dark clouds. Grain surface reactions may lead to similar NH2D
and NHD2 enhancements but, we argue, are unlikely to contribute to the
deuteration observed in L134N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113823 </DOCNO>
Impedance Analysis of Bunch Length Measurements at the ATF Damping Ring


  We present energy spread and bunch length measurements at the Accelerator
Test Facility (ATF) at KEK, as functions of current, for different ring rf
voltages, and with the beam both on and off the coupling resonance. We fit the
on-coupling bunch shapes to those of an impedance model consisting of a
resistor and an inductor connected in series. We find that the fits are
reasonably good, but that the resulting impedance is unexpectedly large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75920 </DOCNO>
New Class of Compact Stars at High Density


  We discuss the equation of state for cold, dense quark matter in perturbation
theory, and how it might match onto that of hadronic matter. Certain choices of
the renormalization scale correspond to a strongly first order chiral
transition, and may generate a new class of small and very dense quark stars.
The results for the mass-radius relation are compatible with the recent
determination of the mass and the radius of an isolated neutron star by Pons et
al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1619 </DOCNO>
Signatures of Randomness in Quantum Chaos


  We investigate toy dynamical models of energy-level repulsion in quantum
eigenvalue sequences. We focus on parametric (with respect to a running
coupling or "complexity" parameter) stochastic processes that are capable of
relaxing towards a stationary regime (e. g. equilibrium, invariant asymptotic
measure). In view of ergodic property, that makes them appropriate for the
study of short-range fluctuations in any disordered, randomly-looking spectral
sequence (as exemplified e. g. by empirical nearest-neighbor spacings
histograms of various quantum systems). The pertinent Markov diffusion-type
processes (with values in the space of spacings) share a general form of
forward drifts $b(x) = {{N-1}\over {2x}} - x$, where $x>0$ stands for the
spacing value. Here $N = 2,3,5$ correspond to the familiar (generic)
random-matrix theory inspired cases, based on the exploitation of the Wigner
surmise (usually regarded as an approximate formula). N=4 corresponds to the
(non-generic) non-Hermitian Ginibre ensemble. The result appears to be exact in
the context of $2\times 2$ random matrices and indicates a potential validity
of other non-generic $N>5$ level repulsion laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85929 </DOCNO>
Bound and Radiation Fields in the Rindler Frame


  The energy-momentum tensor of the Li\'enard-Wiechert field is split into
bound and emitted parts in the Rindler frame, by generalizing the reasoning of
Teitelboim applied in the inertial frame. Our analysis proceeds by invoking the
concept of ``energy'' defined with respect to the Killing vector field attached
to the frame. We obtain the radiation formula in the Rindler frame (the Rindler
version of the Larmor formula), and it is found that the radiation power is
proportional to the square of acceleration $\alpha^\mu$ of the charge relative
to the Rindler frame. This result leads us to split the Li\'enard-Wiechert
field into a part II', which is linear in $\alpha^\mu$, and a part I', which is
independent of $\alpha^\mu$. By using these, we split the energy-momentum
tensor into two parts. We find that these are properly interpreted as the
emitted and bound parts of the tensor in the Rindler frame. In our
identification of radiation, a charge radiates neither in the case that the
charge is fixed in the Rindler frame, nor in the case that the charge satisfies
the equation $\alpha^\mu=0$. We then investigate this equation. We consider
four gedanken experiments related to the observer dependence of the concept of
radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114158 </DOCNO>
Non-Linear Dynamics In Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris


  We investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of fractal dimension
and detrended fluctuation analysis by comparing the group of patients with
stable angina pectoris without previous myocardial infarction with the group of
age-matched healthy controls. The fractal dimension of the R-R series was
determined using the rescaled range (R/S) analysis technique. To quantify
fractal longe-range-correlation properties of heart rate variability, the
detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) technique was used. The heart rate
variability was characterized by a scaling exponent $\alpha$, separately for
short-term ($<$ 11 beats), and for long-term ($>$ 11 beats) time scales. The
results of data sets show the existence of crossover phenomena between
short-time scales. The short-term fractal scaling exponent was significantly
lower in patients with stable angina pectoris.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124841 </DOCNO>
Effects of Formation Epoch Distribution on X-Ray Luminosity and


  We investigate statistical properties of galaxy clusters in the context of
hierarchical clustering scenario, taking account of their formation epoch
distribution, motivated by the recent finding by Fujita and Takahara that X-ray
clusters form a fundamental plane, where the mass and formation epoch are
regarded as two independent parameters. Using the formalism which discriminates
between major merger and accretion, the epoch of a cluster formation is
identified with that of the last major merger. Since tiny mass accretion after
the formation does not much affect the core structure of clusters, the
properties of X-ray emission from clusters are determined by the total mass and
density at their formation time. Under these assumptions, we calculate X-ray
luminosity and temperature functions of galaxy clusters. We find that the
behavior of luminosity function is different from the model which does not take
account of formation epoch distribution, while the behavior of temperature
function is not much changed. In our model, luminosity function is shifted to a
higher luminosity and shows no significant evolution up to $z \sim 1$,
independent of cosmological models. The clusters are populated on the
temperature-luminosity plane with a finite dispersion. Since the simple scaling
model in which the gas temperature is equal to the virial temperature fails to
reproduce the observed luminosity-temperature relation, we also consider a
model which takes the effects of preheating into account. The preheating model
reproduces the observations much better.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74071 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent parametrization of the two-flavor isotropic


  Lack of Lorentz invariance of QCD at finite quark chemical potential in
general implies the need of Lorentz non-invariant condensates for the
self-consistent description of the color-superconducting ground state.
Moreover, the spontaneous breakdown of color SU(3) in this state naturally
leads to the existence of SU(3) non-invariant non-superconducting expectation
values. We illustrate these observations by analyzing the properties of an
effective 2-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type Lagrangian and discuss the
possibility of color-superconducting states with effectively gapless fermionic
excitations. It turns out that the effect of condensates so far neglected can
yield new interesting phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74976 </DOCNO>
Yukawa Hierarchy Transfer from Superconformal Sector and Degenerate


  We propose a new type of supersymmetric models coupled to superconformal
field theories (SCFT's), leading simultaneously to hierarchical Yukawa
couplings and completely degenerate sfermion masses. We consider models with an
extra Abelian gauge symmetry to generate hierarchical structure for couplings
between the SM sector and the SC sector. Interestingly, this hierarchy is
inversely transferred to the Yukawa couplings in the SM sector. In this type of
models, flavor-independent structure of the superconformal fixed point
guarantees that the sfermion masses of the first and the second generations are
completely degenerate at low energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97257 </DOCNO>
Caract\`eres sur l'alg\`ebre de diagrammes trivalents \Lambda


  The theory of Vassiliev invariants deals with many modules of diagrams on
which the algebra \Lambda defined by Pierre Vogel acts. By specifying a
quadratic simple Lie superalgebra, one obtains a character on \Lambda. We show
the coherence of these characters by building a map of graded algebras beetwen
\Lambda and a quotient of a ring of polynomials in three variables; all the
characters induced by simple Lie superalgebras factor through this map. In
particular, we show that the characters for the Lie superalgebra f(4) with
dimension 40 and for sl(3) are the same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98171 </DOCNO>
Frobenius-Schur functions


  The present paper is a detailed version of math/0003031. We introduce and
study a new basis in the algebra of symmetric functions. The elements of this
basis are called the Frobenius-Schur functions (FS-functions, for short).
  Our main motivation for studying the FS-functions is the fact that they enter
a formula expressing the combinatorial dimension of a skew Young diagram in
terms of the Frobenius coordinates. This formula plays a key role in the
asymptotic character theory of the symmetric groups. The FS-functions are
inhomogeneous, and their top homogeneous components coincide with the
conventional Schur functions. The FS-functions are best described in the super
realization of the algebra of symmetric functions. As supersymmetric functions,
the FS-functions can be characterized as a solution to an interpolation
problem.
  Our main result is a simple determinantal formula for the transition
coefficients between the FS-functions and the Schur functions. We also
establish the FS analogs for a number of basic facts concerning the Schur
functions: Jacobi-Trudi formula together with its dual form; combinatorial
formula (expression in terms of tableaux); Giambelli formula and the
Sergeev-Pragacz formula.
  All these results hold for a large family of bases interpolating between the
FS-functions and the ordinary Schur functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86449 </DOCNO>
Classical Aspects of Accelerated Unruh-DeWitt Type Monopole Detectors


  We have shown the classical correspondence of Unruh effect in the classical
relativistic electron theory in our previous work (gr-qc/0105051). Here we
demonstrate the analogy between the classical relativistic electron theory and
the classical Unruh-DeWitt type monopole detector theory. The field
configuration generated by a uniformly accelerated detector is worked out. The
classical correspondence of Unruh effect for scalar fields is shown by
calculating the modified energy density for the scalar field around the
detector. We conclude that a classical monopole detector cannot find any
evidence about its acceleration unless it has a finite size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40773 </DOCNO>
Non-singlet structure function of the 3He-3H system and divergence of


  We study shadowing and antishadowing corrections to the flavor non-singlet
structure function F_2(3He)-F_2(3H) and show that the difference between the
one-particle density distributions of 3He and 3H plays an important role at
very small x. We find that the flavor non-singlet structure function in these
mirror nuclei is enhanced at small x by nuclear shadowing, which increases the
nuclear Gottfried integral, integrated from 10^{-4} to 1, by 11-36 %. When
integrated from zero, the Gottfried integral is divergent for these mirror
nuclei. It seems likely that, as a consequence of charge symmetry breaking,
this may also apply to the proton-neutron system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149224 </DOCNO>
USp(32) String as Spontaneously Supersymmetry Broken Theory


  It was suggested by Sugimoto that there is a new supersymmetry breaking
mechanism by an orientifold plane which is oppositely charged as the usual one.
Here we prove the trace formula for this system to show that the supersymmetry
is broken not explicitly but spontaneously. We also discuss the possibility of
interpreting the orientifold plane as an intrinsic object of the superstring
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2144 </DOCNO>
Market ecology of active and passive investors


  We study the role of active and passive investors in an investment market
with uncertainties. Active investors concentrate on a single or a few stocks
with a given probability of determining the quality of them. Passive investors
spread their investment uniformly, resembling buying the market index. In this
toy market stocks are introduced as good and bad. If a stock receives
sufficient investment it will survive, otherwise die. Active players exert a
selective pressure since they can determine to an extent the investment
quality. We show that the active players provide the driving force whereas the
passive ones act as free riders. While their gains do not differ too much, we
show that the active players enjoy an edge. Their presence also provides better
gains to the passive players and stocks themselves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1534 </DOCNO>
Comparison between Theory and Some Recent Experiments on Quantum


  We report on a quantitative comparison between our theory of quantum
dephasing at low temperatures and some recent experimental results [D. Natelson
{\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86}, 1821 (2001); A.B. Gougam {\it et al.},
J. Low Temp. Phys. {\bf 118}, 447 (2000); F. Pierre {\it et al.}
cond-mat/0012038].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 31 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of discrete energy levels in ultrasmall metallic grains


  We review recent experimental and theoretical work on ultrasmall metallic
grains, i.e. grains sufficiently small that the conduction electron energy
spectrum becomes discrete. The discrete excitation spectrum of an individual
grain can be measured by the technique of single-electron tunneling
spectroscopy: the spectrum is extracted from the current-voltage
characteristics of a single-electron transistor containing the grain as central
island. We review experiments studying the influence on the discrete spectrum
of superconductivity, nonequilibrium excitations, spin-orbit scattering and
ferromagnetism. We also review the theoretical descriptions of these phenomena
in ultrasmall grains, which require modifications or extensions of the standard
bulk theories to include the effects of level discreteness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73399 </DOCNO>
Estimates of the physical meson masses by an effective light-cone


  A recent renormalization group analysis of the effective light-cone
Hamiltonian yields 5 flavor masses and 2 mass shifts as free parameters. These
are determined in the present note and used to calculate the masses of all 30
physical mesons (The topped mesons have been omitted). The agreement between
experiment and theoretical estimate is quite satisfactory over the whole
dynamical range, from the lightest pseudo-scalar mesons like the pion up to the
heaviest vector mesons like the upsilon. Evidence for an additive quark model
is given and for how the concept of isospin is realized in a gauge field theory
such as QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73233 </DOCNO>
\pi\pi scattering


  We demonstrate that, together with the available experimental information,
chiral symmetry determines the low energy behaviour of the $\pi\pi$ scattering
amplitude to within very small uncertainties. In particular, the threshold
parameters of the S-, P-, D- and F-waves are predicted, as well as the mass and
width of the $\rho$ and of the broad bump in the S-wave. The implications for
the coupling constants that occur in the effective Lagrangian beyond leading
order and also show up in other processes, are discussed. Also, we analyze the
dependence of various observables on the mass of the two lightest quarks in
some detail, in view of the extrapolations required to reach the small physical
masses on the lattice. The analysis relies on the standard hypothesis,
according to which the quark condensate is the leading order parameter of the
spontaneously broken symmetry. Our results provide the basis for an
experimental test of this hypothesis, in particular in the framework of the
ongoing DIRAC experiment: The prediction for the lifetime of the ground state
of a $\pi^+\pi^-$ atom reads $\tau=(2.90\pm 0.10)10^{-15} sec$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83982 </DOCNO>
Randomness


  Here we present in a single essay a combination and completion of the several
aspects of the problem of randomness of individual objects which of necessity
occur scattered in our texbook "An Introduction to Kolmogorov Complexity and
Its Applications" (M. Li and P. Vitanyi), 2nd Ed., Springer-Verlag, 1997.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73831 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Stability of the QCD Predictions for Single Spin Asymmetry


  We present the threshold resummation for the single spin asymmetry in heavy
flavor production by linearly polarized photons. We analyze the soft-gluon
contributions to the asymmetry at fixed order in $\alpha_s$ to the
next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. Our analysis shows that, contrary to the
production cross section, the azimuthal asymmetry is practically insensitive to
soft radiation. Our calculations of the asymmetry up to the 6th order in
$\alpha_s$ lead only to small corrections (of order of few percent) to the Born
predictions at energies of the fixed target experiments. Fast convergence of
the perturbative series for the azimuthal asymmetry is due to the factorization
properties of the photon-hadron cross section. We conclude that measurements of
the single spin asymmetry would provide an excellent test of pQCD applicability
to heavy flavor production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40935 </DOCNO>
Current Status of the K2K Experiment


  Current status of the K2K (KEK to Kamioka) long-baseline neutrino-oscillation
experiment is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4259 </DOCNO>
Self-assembly in Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals


  We have developed a class of idealized models of chromonic molecules which
are miscible in water, but which can form aggregates which in turn organize
into lyotropic liquid crystal (LC) phases. By carrying out Monte Carlo
simulation in a binary mixture of model chromonic and water molecules, we have
studied the effect of concentration and molecular shape on the nature of
resulting mesophases. We have also computed the free energy associated with the
formation of chromonic columnar aggregates by umbrella sampling. Our free
energy computation helps us to verify the isodesmic behavior which is
characteristic of chromonic systems. For isodesmic behavior the addition of
each chromonic molecule to the columnar aggregates is accompanied by a constant
free energy increment and the net free energy decreases with increasing column
length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113410 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Dynamics in the Binary DNA/RNA Coding Problem


  The presence of low dimensional chaos in the protein secondary structures,
using the binary coded $\alpha$-helices and $\beta$-sheet motifs, has been
investigated. In order to analyse symbolic DNA/RNA sequences the assignment,
based on the purine/pyrimidine and strong/wea k H - bond classification sheme,
of binary numbers to the nucleotides was made. We have found that this
assignment leads to different averaged fractal dimensions for $\alpha$-helices
and $\beta$-sheets. When embedded in the two dimensional phase space the binary
string structures show the attractor type behavior which depends on the value
of the time lag parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7514 </DOCNO>
Shell filling in closed single-wall carbon nanotube quantum dots


  We observe two-fold shell filling in the spectra of closed one-dimensional
quantum dots formed in single-wall carbon nanotubes. Its signatures include a
bimodal distribution of addition energies, correlations in the excitation
spectra for different electron number, and alternation of the spins of the
added electrons. This provides a contrast with quantum dots in higher
dimensions, where such spin pairing is absent. We also see indications of an
additional fourfold periodicity indicative of K-K' subband shells. Our results
suggest that the absence of shell filling in most isolated nanotube dots
results from disorder or nonuniformity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98216 </DOCNO>
Quantum Sheaves - An Outline of Results


  In this paper we start with the development of a theory of presheaves on a
lattice, in particular on the quantum lattice $\LL(\kH)$ of closed subspaces of
a complex Hilbert space $\kH$, and their associated etale spaces. Even in this
early state the theory has interesting applications to the theory of operator
algebras and the foundations of quantum mechanics. Among other things we can
show that classical observables (continuous functions on a topological space)
and quantum observables (selfadjoint linear operators on a Hilbert space) are
on the same structural footing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2514 </DOCNO>
Finite size scaling and the role of the thermodynamic ensemble in the


  We study the Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition in a weakly
interacting gas through a perturbative analysis of finite systems. In both the
grand canonical and the canonical ensembles, perturbation theory suffers from
infrared divergences and cannot directly determine the transition temperature
in the thermodynamic limit. However, in conjunction with finite size scaling,
perturbation theory provides a powerful calculation tool. We implement it here
to estimate a shift in the transition temperature in the canonical ensemble
consistent with grand canonical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74414 </DOCNO>
Tests of SU(3) Symmetry-Breaking for Baryonic Beta Transitions in the


  It is generally assumed that deviations from flavor SU(3) symmetry arise
entirely from quark mass-differences, reflected in the mass splittings between
strange and nonstrange members of the same SU(3) multiplet. Under this
assumption, a parametrization is proposed which expresses the ratios of
Gamow-Teller to Fermi matrix elements for nucleon and hyperon beta decays
entirely in terms of two SU(3)-invariant coupling constants $F$ and $D$ and two
parameters $\gamma$ and $\delta$ representing SU(3) breaking effects.
Therefore, in principle, measurement of this ratio for any four
beta-transitions should yield all four parameters. Available data do not show
any evidence for SU(3) breaking. Improved measurements, also for transitions
not previously measured, would provide more stringent tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1261 </DOCNO>
Micro-Hall Magnetometry Studies of Thermally Assisted and Pure Quantum


  We have studied the crossover between thermally assisted and pure quantum
tunneling in single crystals of high spin (S=10) uniaxial single molecule
magnet Mn12-acetate using micro-Hall effect magnetometry. Magnetic hysteresis
experiments have been used toinvestigate the energy levels that determine the
magnetization reversal as a function of magnetic field and temperature. These
experiments demonstrate that the crossover occurs in a narrow (~0.1 K) or broad
(~1 K) temperature interval depending on the magnitude and direction of the
applied field. For low external fields applied parallel to the easy axis, the
energy levels that dominate the tunneling shift abruptly with temperature. In
the presence of a transverse field and/or large longitudinal field these energy
levels change with temperature more gradually. A comparison of our experimental
results with model calculations of this crossover suggest that there are
additional mechanisms that enhance the tunneling rate of low lying energy
levels and broaden the crossover for small transverse fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179523 </DOCNO>
Mesons as Bound States of Confined Quarks: Zero and Finite Temperature


  We survey recent work on the properties and decays of mesons as bound states
of confined quarks at both zero and finite temperature. The framework for these
investigations is the set of QCD Dyson--Schwinger equations truncated to
ladder-rainbow level. The infrared structure of the ladder-rainbow kernel is
described by two parameters; the ultraviolet behavior is fixed by the one-loop
renormalizaton group behavior of QCD. The work is restricted to the $u$, $d$
and $s$ quark sector and allows a Poincar\'e-covariant study of the masses and
electroweak decay constants of the ground state pseudoscalars and vectors:
$\pi$, $K$, $\rho/\omega$, $K^\star$ and $\phi$. Within the impulse
approximation, we summarize results for the $\pi$ and $K$ charge form factors.
Their timelike behavior exhibits the vector meson production resonances and
from this the associated vector meson strong decay constants are extracted. The
confining property of the quark self-energy dynamically produced in this work
prevents the appearance of spurious $\bar{q}q$ production effects. The finite
temperature behavior of this model, and closely related ones, is summarized
for: the chiral restoration transition, the deconfinement transition, the
$T$-dependence of the spatial meson mode masses, and the $T$-dependence of
selected electroweak and strong decay widths. The $T$-dependence obtained for
meson masses is compared to results from lattice QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5376 </DOCNO>
Development of an eight-band theory for quantum-dot heterostructures


  We derive a nonsymmetrized 8-band effective-mass Hamiltonian for quantum-dot
heterostructures (QDHs) in Burt's envelope-function representation. The 8x8
radial Hamiltonian and the boundary conditions for the Schroedinger equation
are obtained for spherical QDHs. Boundary conditions for symmetrized and
nonsymmetrized radial Hamiltonians are compared with each other and with
connection rules that are commonly used to match the wave functions found from
the bulk kp Hamiltonians of two adjacent materials. Electron and hole energy
spectra in three spherical QDHs: HgS/CdS, InAs/GaAs, and GaAs/AlAs are
calculated as a function of the quantum dot radius within the approximate
symmetrized and exact nonsymmetrized 8x8 models. The parameters of dissymmetry
are shown to influence the energy levels and the wave functions of an electron
and a hole and, consequently, the energies of both intraband and interband
transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179176 </DOCNO>
Anatomy of nuclear shape transition in the relativistic mean field


  A detailed microscopic study of the temperature dependence of the shapes of
some rare-earth nuclei is made in the relativistic mean field theory. Analyses
of the thermal evolution of the single-particle orbitals and their occupancies
leading to the collapse of the deformation are presented. The role of the
non-linear $\sigma-$field on the shape transition in different nuclei is also
investigated; in its absence the shape transition is found to be sharper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75297 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition in Dense QCD with the Schwinger-Dyson Equation


  We investigate the phase structure of dense QCD using the Schwinger-Dyson
equation (SDE) with the improved ladder approximation in the Landau gauge. We
use the gluon propagator with the electric mode corrected by Debye screening
and the magnetic mode corrected by Landau damping. We solve the coupled SDE for
the Majorana masses of the quark and antiquark (separately from the SDE for the
Dirac mass) in the low density and intermediate density regions. In the low
density region, both the SDEs for the Majorana masses and the Dirac mass have
nontrivial solutions that correspond to the color symmetry breaking (CSB)
vacuum and the chiral symmetry breaking ($\chi$SB) vacuum. Comparing the values
of the effective potential in the two vacua, we show that the phase transition
from the $\chi$SB vacuum to the CSB vacuum is of first order. The resultant
value of the critical chemical potential is about 210 MeV, which is smaller
than that obtained from the SDE analysis including only the Dirac mass. The
momentum dependences of the Majorana masses of the quark and antiquark are
shown to be quite different, although the masses are of the same order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81381 </DOCNO>
The Schroedinger functional coupling in quenched QCD at low energies


  Existing non-perturbative computations of the running coupling of quenched
QCD in the Schroedinger functional scheme are extended to scales mu lying much
deeper in the low-energy regime. We are able to reach 1/mu ~ 0.9 fm, where a
significant deviation from its perturbative evolution is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128576 </DOCNO>
Non-iterative methods to estimate the in-flight noise properties of CMB


  We present a new approach for statistical inference on noise properties of
CMB anisotropy data. We consider a Maximum Likelihood parametric estimator to
recover the full dependence structure of the noise process. We also consider a
semiparametric procedure which is only sensitive to the low frequency behavior
of the noise spectral density. Both approaches are statistically robust and
computationally convenient in the case of long memory noise, even under
nonstationary circumstances. We show that noise properties can be consistently
derived by such procedures without resorting to currently used iterative
noise-signal methods. More importantly, we show that optimal (GLS) CMB maps can
be obtained from the observed timestream with the only knowledge of the noise
memory parameter, the outcome of our estimators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3491 </DOCNO>
Crystal-field effects in the first-order valence transition in YbInCu4


  As it was shown earlier [Dzero, Gor'kov, and Zvezdin, J. Phys.:Condens.
Matter 12, L711 (2000)] the properties of the first-order valence phase
transition in YbInCu4 in the wide range of magnetic fields and temperatures are
perfectly described in terms of a simple entropy transition for free Yb ions.
Within this approach, the crystal field effects have been taken into account
and we show that the phase diagram in the $B-T$ plane acquires some anisotropy
with respect to the direction of an external magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85777 </DOCNO>
Uniqueness of the Machian Solution in the Brans-Dicke Theory


  Machian solutions of which the scalar field exhibits the asymptotic behavior
$\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$ are generally explored for the homogeneous and
isotropic universe in the Brans-Dicke theory. It is shown that the Machian
solution is unique for the closed and the open space. Such a solution is
restricted to one that satisfies the relation $GM/c^{2}a=const$, which is fixed
to $\pi $ in the theory for the closed model. Another type of solution
satisfying $\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$ with the arbitrary coupling constant $%
\omega $ is obtained for the flat space. This solution has the scalar field $%
\phi \propto \rho t^{2}$ and also keeps the relation $GM/c^{2}R=const$ all the
time. This Machian relation and the asymptotic behavior $\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$
is equivalent to each other in the Brans-Dicke theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168470 </DOCNO>
Polarization of Radiation in Multipole Jaynes-Cummings Model


  We discuss the spatial properties of quantum radiation emitted by a multipole
transition in a single atom. The qualitative difference between the
representations of plane and spherical waves of photons is examined. In
particular, the spatial inhomogeneity of the zero-point oscillations of
multipole field is shown. We show that the vacuum noise of polarization is
concentrated in a certain vicinity of atoms where it strongly exceeds the level
predicted by the representation of the plane waves. A new general polarization
matrix is proposed. It is shown that the polarization and its vacuum noise
strongly depend on the distance from the source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149105 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric 3-branes on smooth ALE manifolds with flux


  We construct a new family of classical BPS solutions of type IIB supergravity
describing 3-branes transverse to a 6-dimensional space with topology R^2*ALE.
They are characterized by a non-trivial flux of the supergravity 2-forms
through the homology 2-cycles of a generic smooth ALE manifold. Our solutions
have two Killing spinors and thus preserve N=2 supersymmetry. They are
expressed in terms of a quasi harmonic function H (the ``warp factor''), whose
properties we study in the case of the simplest ALE, namely the Eguchi-Hanson
manifold. The equation for H is identified as an instance of the confluent Heun
equation. We write explicit power series solutions and solve the recurrence
relation for the coefficients, discussing also the relevant asymptotic
expansions. While, as in all such N=2 solutions, supergravity breaks down near
the brane, the smoothing out of the vacuum geometry has the effect that the
warp factor is regular in a region near the cycle. We interpret the behavior of
the warp factor as describing a three-brane charge ``smeared'' over the cycle
and consider the asymptotic form of the geometry in that region, showing that
conformal invariance is broken even when the complex type IIB 3-form field
strength is assumed to vanish. We conclude with a discussion of the basic
features of the gauge theory dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95890 </DOCNO>
Possible contractions of quantum orthogonal groups


  Possible contractions of quantum orthogonal groups which correspond to
different choices of primitive elements of Hopf algebra are considered and all
allowed contractions in Cayley--Klein scheme are obtained. Quantum deformations
of kinematical groups have been investigated and have shown that quantum analog
of (complex) Galilei group G(1,3) do not exist in our scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6489 </DOCNO>
Surface critical exponents at a uniaxial Lifshitz point


  Using Monte Carlo techniques, the surface critical behaviour of
three-dimensional semi-infinite ANNNI models with different surface
orientations with respect to the axis of competing interactions is
investigated. Special attention is thereby paid to the surface criticality at
the bulk uniaxial Lifshitz point encountered in this model. The presented Monte
Carlo results show that the mean-field description of semi-infinite ANNNI
models is qualitatively correct. Lifshitz point surface critical exponents at
the ordinary transition are found to depend on the surface orientation. At the
special transition point, however, no clear dependency of the critical
exponents on the surface orientation is revealed. The values of the surface
critical exponents presented in this study are the first estimates available
beyond mean-field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4953 </DOCNO>
(63)Cu NQR Evidence for Spatial Variation of Hole Concentration in


  We report experimental evidence for the spatial variation of hole
concentration x_(hole) in the high Tc superconductor La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) (0.04
<= x <= 0.16) by using (63)Cu NQR for (63)Cu isotope enriched samples. We
demonstrate that the extent of the spatial variation of the local hole
concentration D(x)_(hole) is reflected on (63)1/T1 and deduce the temperature
dependence. D(x)_(hole) increases below 500 - 600K, and reaches values as large
as D(x)_(hole)/x ~ 0.5 below ~ 150K. We estimate the length scale of the
spatial variation in x_(hole) to be R_(hole) >~ 3nm from analysis of the NQR
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4996 </DOCNO>
Optoelectric spin injection in semiconductor heterostructures without


  We have shown that electron spin density can be generated by a dc current
flowing across a $pn$ junction with an embedded asymmetric quantum well. Spin
polarization is created in the quantum well by radiative electron-hole
recombination when the conduction electron momentum distribution is shifted
with respect to the momentum distribution of holes in the spin split valence
subbands. Spin current appears when the spin polarization is injected from the
quantum well into the $n$-doped region of the $pn$ junction. The accompanied
emission of circularly polarized light from the quantum well can serve as a
spin polarization detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124312 </DOCNO>
Inner magnetospheric accelerators in high magnetic field pulsars


  Photon splitting is a QED process that can potentially suppress pair
production in the inner magnetosphere of a pulsar with a super-strong magnetic
field, and hence, may quench radio emission from these objects. While it is
unknown how many splitting modes really operate in super-critical fields, we
derive gap parameters of a high magnetic field pulsar for both the vacuum-type
gap and the space-charge-limited flow accelerator under the assumption that all
three splitting modes permitted by QED operate. The competition between photon
splitting and pair production depends on the gap parameters, and the
``photon-splitting-dominant'' line for both cases are derived. We discuss the
implications of these results and the possible connection of the high magnetic
field pulsars with the anomalous X-ray pulsars and soft gamma-ray repeaters
which are conjectured to be magnetars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75599 </DOCNO>
Factorization and Resummation of Small x Scaling Violations with Running


  We discuss the inclusion of running coupling effects in perturbative small x
evolution equations. We show that a running coupling BFKL-like x-evolution
equation is fully compatible, up to higher twist corrections, with the standard
factorized perturbative evolution of parton distributions. We then use this
result, combined with the well-known Airy asymptotics, to prove that the
oscillations which are present in the running-coupling BFKL solution do not
affect the associated splitting functions, which instead remain smooth in the
small x limit. This allows us to give a prescription to include
running-coupling corrections in the small-x resummation of scaling violations.
We show that these corrections are small in the HERA region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123570 </DOCNO>
Massive Black Holes as Population III Remnants


  Recent numerical simulations of the fragmentation of primordial molecular
clouds in hierarchical cosmogonies have suggested that the very first stars
(the so-called Population III) may have been rather massive. Here we point out
that a numerous population of massive black holes (MBHs) -- with masses
intermediate between those of stellar and supermassive holes -- may be the
endproduct of such an episode of pregalactic star formation. If only one MBH
with m > 150 msun formed in each of the `minihalos' collapsing at z=20 from
3-sigma fluctuations, then the mass density of Pop III MBHs would be comparable
to that of the supermassive variety observed in the nuclei of galaxies. Since
they form in high-sigma rare density peaks, relic MBHs are predicted to cluster
in the bulges of present-day galaxies as they become incorporated through a
series of mergers into larger and larger systems. Dynamical friction would
cause more than 50 (m/150 msun)^{1/2} such objects to sink towards the center.
The presence of a small cluster of MBHs in galaxy nuclei may have several
interesting consequences associated with tidal captures of ordinary stars
(likely followed by disruption), MBH capture by the central supermassive black
hole, gravitational wave radiation from such coalescences. Accreting
pregalactic MBHs may be detectable as ultra-luminous, off-nuclear X-ray
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1881 </DOCNO>
Field evolution of vortex lattice in LuNi_2B_2C seen by decoration in


  Evolution of the vortex lattice, the rhombus-square transition included, for
LuNi_2B_2C in the field along the c crystal axis, is tracked by the decoration
technique pushed up to the record high (for this method) field of 1480 Oe.
Decoration images are analyzed with the help of the Fourier transform, which
indicates disordered structures in small fields of a few Oe. In fields H < 200
Oe the coexisting domains of different structures are observed. A technique
based on the Fourier transform is employed to see the domains separately. The
transition to the square lattice is recorded near 900 Oe. The results are in
agreement with predictions of the nonlocal London theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129129 </DOCNO>
Flexible Automatic Scheduling For Autonomous Telescopes: The MAJORDOME


  We have developped a new method for the scheduling of astronomical automatic
telescopes, in the framework of the autonomous TAROT instrument. The MAJORDOME
software can handle a variety of observations, constrained, periodic, etc., and
produces a timeline for the night, which may be modified at any time to take
into account the specific conditions of the night. The MAJORDOME can also
handle target of opportunity observations without delay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127943 </DOCNO>
Constraints on (Omega,Lambda) from strong lensing clusters


  We use three strong lensing clusters to constrain the cosmological parameters
Omega_m and Omega_lambda. Recent HST observations of galaxy clusters reveal a
large number of multiple images, which are predicted to be at different
redshifts. We showed in a previous work that if it is possible to measure
spectroscopically the redshift of many multiple images then one can constrain
(Omega_m,Omega_lambda) through ratios of angular diameter distances
independently of any external assumptions. Using three strong lensing clusters,
our combined results lead to tight constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98827 </DOCNO>
Flow Stability of Patchy Vector Fields and Robust Feedback Stabilization


  The paper is concerned with patchy vector fields, a class of discontinuous,
piecewise smooth vector fields that were introduced in AB to study feedback
stabilization problems. We prove the stability of the corresponding solution
set w.r.t. a wide class of impulsive perturbations. These results yield the
robusteness of patchy feedback controls in the presence of measurement errors
and external disturbances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125940 </DOCNO>
Sub-milliarcsec-scale structure of the gravitational lens B1600+434


  In the gravitational lens system B1600+434 the brighter image, A, is known to
show rapid variability which is not detected in the weaker image, B (Koopmans &
de Bruyn 2000). Since correlated variability is one of the fundamental
properties of gravitational lensing, it has been proposed that image A is
microlensed by stars in the halo of the lensing galaxy (Koopmans & de Bruyn
2000). We present VLBA observations of B1600+434 at 15 GHz with a resolution of
0.5 milliarcsec to determine the source structure at high spatial resolution.
The surface brightness of the images are significantly different, with image A
being more compact. This is in apparent contradiction with the required
property of gravitational lensing that surface brightness be preserved. Our
results suggest that both the lensed images may show two-sided elongation at
this resolution, a morphology which does not necessarily favour superluminal
motion. Instead these data may suggest that image B is scatter-broadened at the
lens so that its size is larger than that of A, and hence scintillates less
than image A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168001 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cryptography


  Quantum cryptography could well be the first application of quantum mechanics
at the individual quanta level. The very fast progress in both theory and
experiments over the recent years are reviewed, with emphasis on open questions
and technological issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168150 </DOCNO>
Minimal Absorption Measurements


  We show that it is not possible to discriminate two close transparencies
without a certain number of photons being absorbed. We extend this to the
discrimination of patterns of transparency (images).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5101 </DOCNO>
Resonant excitation and anti-Stokes luminescence of GaAs single quantum


  We have investigated micro-photoluminescence ($\mu$-PL) and excitation
($\mu$-PLE) spectra of a single GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot grown on a GaAs (411)A
surface. We observed sharp resonant lines in both $\mu$-PL and $\mu$-PLE
spectra, corresponding to the discrete energy levels of the dot. When the
sample was excited at one of the resonant lines, resonant luminescence lines
appear not only in Stokes side but also in anti-Stokes side. We discuss the
possible origins of the anomalus anti-Stokes luminescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41139 </DOCNO>
Latest Results from K2K


  The KEK-to-Kamioka long-baseline neutrino experiment (K2K) has begun its
investigation of neutrino oscillation, and has established the method of a
long-baseline neutrino experiment. From the first 100 days of data-taking, a
deficit of muon neutrino in the 1-GeV energy region after 250-km flight was
observed at the 90% significance level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174848 </DOCNO>
Discovery of eta-mesic nuclei


  First experimental results from a photoreaction which confirm an existence of
eta-mesic nuclei are discussed. The experiment was performed at the 1 GeV
electron synchrotron of LPI. Two values of the end-point energy of the
bremsstrahlung beam were used, 650 and 850 MeV (below and above
eta-photoproduction threshold on the nucleon). Correlated pi+ n pairs flying
from the 12C target were detected by two TOF scintillator spectrometers placed
in opposite directions and transversely to the gamma beam. Measured energy
spectra provide a strong evidence for a creation of eta-mesic nuclei as
intermediate states of the reaction studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75681 </DOCNO>
Heavy Flavour Physics at HERA - a Survey


  At the HERA collider at DESY, high energy electron and positron beams
interact with proton beams. A review is presented of the variety of ways in
which these collisions produce final states containing charm and beauty quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179211 </DOCNO>
Hadronic degrees of freedom


  I report on the research activities performed under the (italian) MURST-PRIN
project "Fisica Teorica del Nucleo e dei sistemi a pi\'u corpi" covering
part of the topics on hadronic degrees of freedom. The most recent achievements
in the field are summarized focusing on the specific role of the nuclear
physics community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123603 </DOCNO>
Observations of Ultracool White Dwarfs


  We present new spectroscopic and photometric measurements of the white dwarfs
LHS 3250 and WD 0346+246. Along with F351-50, these white dwarfs are the
coolest ones known, all with effective temperatures below 4000 K. Their
membership in the Galactic halo population is discussed, and detailed
comparisons of all three objects with new atmosphere models are presented. The
new models consider the effects of mixed H/He atmospheres and indicate that WD
0346+246 and F351-50 have predominantly helium atmospheres with only traces of
hydrogen. LHS 3250 may be a double degenerate whose average radiative
temperature is between 2000 and 4000 K, but the new models fail to explain this
object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96761 </DOCNO>
Remark on non-Noether symmetries and bidifferential calculi


  In the past few years both non-Noether symmetries and bidifferential calculi
has been successfully used in generating conservation laws and both lead to the
similar families of conserved quantities.Here relationship between Lutzky's
integrals of motion [3-4] and bidifferential calculi is briefly disscussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97892 </DOCNO>
The Szpiro inequality for higher genus fibrations


  Let f : S --> B be a non-trivial family of semi-stable curves of genus g, N
the number of critical points of f and s the number of singular fibres. We
prove the inequality N < (4g+2)(s+2g(B)-2) .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123873 </DOCNO>
X-ray Observations of Young Supernova Remnants


  This brief review of recent X-ray observations of young supernova remnants
highlights results obtained by the Chandra and XMM Newton Observatories since
their launch last year. Their impressive capabilities are illustrated by
results for spectral imaging, and for spatially resolved spectroscopy that
isolates emission from individual ejecta knots and from the forward shock. I
also review X-ray dynamical studies of supernova remnants, which should undergo
significant advances during this new era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169424 </DOCNO>
Specification of statistical description in quantum mechanics


  It is shown that the statistical conception of quantum mechanics is dynamical
but not probabilistic, i.e. the statistical description in quantum mechanics is
founded on dynamics. A use of the probability theory, when it takes place, is
auxiliary. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the quantum mechanics there
are two different objects: an individual object to be statistically described
and a statistical average object, which is a result of the statistical
description. Identification of the two different objects (a use of the same
term for both) is an origin of many known quantum mechanics paradoxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85838 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in the Space-time of an Arbitrary


  We propose a new scenario to implement spontaneous symmetry breaking in the
space-time of an arbitrary dimension (D>2) by introducing the non-minimal
coupling between the scalar field and the gravity. In this scenario, the usage
of the familiar lambda Phi ^4 term, which is non-renormalizable for D >= 5, can
be avoided altogether.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124590 </DOCNO>
'Round the Clock Observations of the Q0957+561 A,B Gravitationally


  An observing campaign with 10 participating observatories has undertaken to
monitor the optical brightness of the Q0957 gravitationally lensed quasar for
10 consecutive nights in January 2000. The resulting A image brightness curve
has significant brightness fluctuations and makes a photometric prediction for
the B image light curve for a second campaign planned for 12-21 March 2001. The
ultimate purpose is to determine the gravitational lens time delay to a
fraction of an hour, and to seek evidence for rapid microlensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124009 </DOCNO>
The Pearson-Readhead Survey of Compact Extragalactic Radio Sources From


  We have performed a multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the observed
properties of a statistically complete core-selected sample of compact
radio-loud active galactic nuclei, based on data from the VLBI Space Observing
Programme (Paper I) and previously published studies. Our sample is drawn from
the well-studied Pearson-Readhead (PR) survey, and is ideally suited for
investigating the general effects of relativistic beaming in compact radio
sources. In addition to confirming many previously known correlations, we have
discovered several new trends that lend additional support to the beaming
model. These trends suggest that the most highly beamed sources in
core-selected samples tend to have a) high optical polarizations; b) large
pc/kpc-scale jet misalignments; c) prominent VLBI core components; d)
one-sided, core, or halo radio morphology on kiloparsec scales; e) narrow
emission line equivalent widths; and f) a strong tendency for intraday
variability at radio wavelengths. We have used higher resolution space and
ground-based VLBI maps to confirm the bi-modality of the jet misalignment
distribution for the PR survey, and find that the sources with aligned parsec-
and kiloparsec-scale jets generally have arcsecond-scale radio emission on both
sides of the core. The aligned sources also have broader emission line widths.
We find evidence that the BL Lacertae objects in the PR survey are all highly
beamed, and have very similar properties to the high-optically polarized
quasars, with the exception of smaller redshifts. A cluster analysis on our
data shows that after partialing out the effects of redshift, the luminosities
of our sample objects in various wave bands are generally well-correlated with
each other, but not with other source properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98312 </DOCNO>
Characterizations of orthonormal scale functions: a probabilistic


  The construction of a multiresolution analysis starts with specification of a
scale function. The Fourier transform of this function is defined by an
infinite product. The convergence of this product is usually discussed in the
context of $L_2(R)$. Here, we treat the convergence problem by viewing the
partial products as probabilities, converging weakly to a probability defined
on an appropriate sequence space. We obtain a sufficient condition for this
convergence, which is also necessary in the case where the scale function is
continuous. These results extend and clarify those of A. Cohen, and Hernandez,
Wang, and Weiss. The method also applies to more general dilation schemes that
commute with translations by $Z^d$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98218 </DOCNO>
Stable Directions for Excited States of Nonlinear Schr\"odinger


  We consider nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations in $\R^3$. Assume that the
linear Hamiltonians have two bound states. For certain finite codimension
subset in the space of initial data, we construct solutions converging to the
excited states in both non-resonant and resonant cases. In the resonant case,
the linearized operators around the excited states are non-self adjoint
perturbations to some linear Hamiltonians with embedded eigenvalues. Although
self-adjoint perturbation turns embedded eigenvalues into resonances, this
class of non-self adjoint perturbations turn an embedded eigenvalue into two
eigenvalues with the distance to the continuous spectrum given to the leading
order by the Fermi golden rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74770 </DOCNO>
Borel convergence of the variationally improved mass expansion and


  A modification of perturbation theory, known as delta-expansion
(variationally improved perturbation), gave rigorously convergent series in
some D=1 models (oscillator energy levels) with factorially divergent ordinary
perturbative expansions. In a generalization of variationally improved
perturbation appropriate to renormalizable asymptotically free theories, we
show that the large expansion orders of certain physical quantities are
similarly improved, and prove the Borel convergence of the corresponding series
for $m_v \lsim 0$, with $m_v$ the new (arbitrary) mass perturbation parameter.
We argue that non-ambiguous estimates of quantities relevant to dynamical
(chiral) symmetry breaking in QCD, are possible in this resummation framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 560 </DOCNO>
Mechanisms of Decoherence at Low Temperatures


  We briefly review the oscillator and spin bath models of quantum
environments, which can be used to describe the low-energy dynamics of open
quantum systems. We then use them to discuss both the mechanisms causing
decoherence at low $T$, and the dynamics of this decoherence. This is done
first for a central 2-level system coupled to these environments- the results
can be applied to the dynamics of quantum nanomagnets and superconducting
SQUIDs, where large-scale tunneling of magnetisation and flux take place.
Decoherence in these systems is caused principally by coupling to electrons and
nuclear spins, the spin bath couplings are particularly dangerous at low $T$.
  These models are also generalised to discuss quantum measurements in which
the measured system, the measuring apparatus, and the environment are treated
quantum mechanically. The results can be used to calculate the dynamics of
coupled SQUIDs and/or nanomagnets, in which one acts as a measuring apparatus
and the other exhibits large-scale quantum superpositions. The same model can
be used to describe coupled qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126559 </DOCNO>
Warm Absorbers in AGN: A Multi-Temperature Wind


  Although soft X-ray absorption features in AGN were discovered almost ten
years ago, the nature and location of the gas creating them has remained
controversial. Guided by the results of recent high-resolution X-ray
spectroscopy, we argue that these features are created in a multi-temperature
wind whose source of matter is photoionized evaporation from the inner edge of
the obscuring torus often found surrounding AGN. Photoionized evaporation in
the presence of a copious mass source locks the ratio of ionizing intensity to
pressure to a critical value. However, a broad range of temperatures can all
coexist in equilibrium for this value of the ratio of ionizing intensity to
pressure. Consequently, the flow is expected to be strongly inhomogeneous in
temperature. The inferred distance of this material from the source of ionizing
radiation depends on how much matter exists at the highest-obtainable
temperature. This distance can be measured by monitoring how ionic column
densities respond to changes in the ionizing continuum on timescales of days to
years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149042 </DOCNO>
Causal Approach to Supersymmetry: Chiral Superfields


  We construct quantized free superfields and represent them as operator-valued
distributions in Fock space starting with Majorana fields. The perturbative
construction of the S-matrix for interacting theories is carried through by
extending the causal method of Epstein and Glaser to superspace. We propose a
scaling and singular order of distributions in superspace by a procedure which
scales both commutative and non-commutative variables. Using this singular
order the chiral (Wess-Zumino) model appears to be super-renormalizable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76832 </DOCNO>
Absence of Thermophoretic Flow in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions as


  If a quark-gluon plasma is formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, there
may or may not be a mixed phase of quarks, gluons and hadronic clusters when
the critical temperature is reached in the expansion of the fireball. If there
is a temperature gradient in the fireball, the hadronic clusters, embedded in
the heat bath of quarks and gluons, are subjected to a thermophoretic force. It
is shown that even for small temperature gradients and short lifetimes of the
mixed phase, thermophoresis would lead to a flow essentially stronger than the
observed one. The absence of this strong flow provides support for a rapid or
sudden hadronization mechanism without a mixed phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5130 </DOCNO>
Slow Kinetics of Capillary Condensation in Confined Geometry: Experiment


  When two solid surfaces are brought in contact, water vapor present in the
ambient air may condense in the region of the contact to form a liquid bridge
connecting the two surfaces : this is the so-called capillary condensation.
This phenomenon has drastic consequences on the contact between solids,
modifying the macroscopic adhesion and friction properties. In this paper, we
present a survey of the work we have performed both experimentally and
theoretically to understand the microscopic foundations of the kinetics of
capillary condensation. From the theoretical point of view, we have computed
the free energy barrier associated with the condensation of the liquid from the
gas in a confined system. These calculations allow to understand the existence
of very large hysteresis, which is often associated with capillary
condensation. This results are compatible with experimental results obtained
with a surface forces apparatus in a vapor atmosphere, showing a large hysteris
of the surface energy of two parallel planes as a function of their distance.
In the second part, we present some experiments on the influence of humidity on
the avalanche angle of granular media. We show that the ageing in time of this
avalanche angle can be explained by the slow kinetics of capillary condensation
in a random confined geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125588 </DOCNO>
K-band versus I-band Surface Brightness Fluctuations as distance


  We evaluate the method of optical and infrared Surface Brightness
Fluctuations (SBF) as a distance indicator and its application on 8-m class
telescopes, such as the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The novelty of our approach
resides in the development of Monte Carlo simulations of SBF observations
incorporating realistic elliptical galaxy stellar population models, the
effects induced by globular clusters and background galaxies, instrumental
noise, sky background and PSF blurring. We discuss, for each band and in
different observational conditions, the errors on distance measurements arising
from stellar population effects, data treatment and observational constraints.
With 8-m class telescopes, one can extend I-band SBF measurements out to
6000-10000 km/s. Integration times in the K-band are too expensive from the
ground, due to the high infrared background for large-scale distance
determination projects. Nevertheless ground-based K-band measurements are
necessary to understand stellar population effects on the SBF calibration, and
to prepare future space-based observations, where this band is more efficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98018 </DOCNO>
Versal embeddings of compact, regular 3-pseudoconcave CR submanifolds


  We prove that for an induced CR structure on a compact, generic, regular
3-pseudoconcave CR submanifold ${\bold M}\subset{\bold G}$, of a complex
manifold ${\bold G}$, satisfying condition $\dim H^1({\bold M},
T^{\prime}({\bold G})|_{\bold M})=0$ all the close CR structures are induced by
close embeddings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7479 </DOCNO>
Ising field theory in a magnetic field: analytic properties of the free


  We study the analytic properties of the scaling function associated with the
2D Ising model free energy in the critical domain $T \to T_c$, $H \to 0$. The
analysis is based on numerical data obtained through the Truncated Free Fermion
Space Approach. We determine the discontinuities across the Yang-Lee and Langer
branch cuts. We confirm the standard analyticity assumptions and propose
"extended analyticity"; roughly speaking, the latter states that the Yang-Lee
branching point is the nearest singularity under Langer's branch cut. We
support the extended analyticity by evaluating numerically the associated
"extended dispersion relation".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149112 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative N=2 p-p' System


  We analyse several open and mixed sector tree-level amplitudes in N=2 p-p'
systems with a constant magnetic B turned on. The 3-point function vanishes
on-shell. The 4-point function, in the Seiberg-Witten (SW) low energy
limit\cite{SW}, is local, {\it indicating the possible topological nature of
the theory (in the SW low energy limit)} and the {\it possible relation between
noncommutative N=2 p-p' system in two complex dimensions and in the SW limit,
and (non)commutative N=2 p'-p' system in two real dimensions.} We discuss three
extreme noncommutativity limits (after having taken the Seiberg-Witten low
energy limit) of the mixed 3-point function, and get two kinds of commutative
non-associaitive generalized star products. We make some speculative remarks
related to reproducing the above four-point tree level amplitude in the open
sector, from a field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3715 </DOCNO>
Surface modes and critical velocity in trapped Bose-condensates


  We propose the novel mechanism leading to superfluidity breakdown in dilute
Bose-condensed gases. We discuss the properties and highlight the role played
by surface excitations in trapped condensates. We show that the critical
velocity measured in recent experiments is nothing else but the critical
velocity associated with the spontaneous creation of surface modes. The latter
turns out to be larger than that found by the analysis of a superflow stability
with respect to vortex nucleation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149039 </DOCNO>
Friedmann equation and Cardy formula correspondence in brane universes


  We study the brane with arbitrary tension $\sigma$ on the edge of various
black holes with AdS asymptotics. We investigate Friedmann equations governing
the motion of the brane universes and match the Friedmann equation to Cardy
entropy formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95994 </DOCNO>
The fibre of the Bott-Samelson Resolution


  Let $G$ denote an adjoint semi-simple group over an algebraically closed
field and $T$ a maximal torus of $G$. Following Contou-Carr\`ere [CC], we
consider the Bott-Samelson resolution of a Schubert variety as a variety of
galleries in the building associated to the group $G$. We first determine a
cellular decomposition of this variety analogous to the Bruhat decomposition of
a Schubert variety and then we describe the fibre of this resolution above a
$T-$fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169144 </DOCNO>
Universal continuous-variable quantum computation: Requirement of


  Although universal continuous-variable quantum computation cannot be achieved
via linear optics (including squeezing), homodyne detection and feed-forward,
inclusion of ideal photon counting measurements overcomes this obstacle. These
measurements are sometimes described by arrays of beam splitters to distribute
the photons across several modes. We show that such a scheme cannot be used to
implement ideal photon counting and that such measurements necessarily involve
nonlinear evolution. However, this requirement of nonlinearity can be moved
"off-line," thereby permitting universal continuous-variable quantum
computation with linear optics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74517 </DOCNO>
Pair Production of Smuons and Selectrons Near Threshold in e+ e- and e-


  Non-zero width and Coulomb rescattering effects are analyzed for the pair
production of smuons and selectrons near the thresholds in e+ e- and e- e-
collisions, respectively. The excitation curves are predicted in a
gauge-invariant form. Energy cuts are designed to reduce irreducible
supersymmetric backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6418 </DOCNO>
Growth and Properties of Quaternary Alloy Magnetic Semiconductor


  We have studied growth and properties of quaternary alloy magnetic
semiconductor (InGaMn)As grown both on GaAs substrates and on InP substrates by
low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy (LT-MBE). (InGaMn)As thin films were
ferromagnetic below ~30 K, exhibiting strong magneto-optical effect. The
lattice constant of [(InyGa1-y)1-xMnx]As, whose Mn concentration x is below 4%,
is slightly smaller than that of InyGa1-yAs with the same In/Ga content ratio.
We have also obtained very smooth surface morphology of nearly lattice matched
(InGaMn)As thin films grown on InP substrates, which is important for
application to thin-film type magneto-optical devices integrated with III-V
opto-electronics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86620 </DOCNO>
Ruling Out Chaos in Compact Binary Systems


  We investigate the orbits of compact binary systems during the final inspiral
period before coalescence by integrating numerically the second-order
post-Newtonian equations of motion. We include spin-orbit and spin-spin
coupling terms, which, according to a recent study by Levin [J. Levin, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 84, 3515 (2000)], may cause the orbits to become chaotic. To examine
this claim, we study the divergence of initially nearby phase-space
trajectories and attempt to measure the Lyapunov exponent gamma. Even for
systems with maximally spinning objects and large spin-orbit misalignment
angles, we find no chaotic behavior. For all the systems we consider, we can
place a strict lower limit on the divergence time t_L=1/gamma that is many
times greater than the typical inspiral time, suggesting that chaos should not
adversely affect the detection of inspiral events by upcoming
gravitational-wave detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6694 </DOCNO>
Xray-Edge Spectra From Sea-Bosons-I


  The well-studied phenomenon of X-ray edge singularities is revisited using
the sea-boson approach that has recently been placed on a rigorous footing. We
are able to reproduce the well-known result namely, Mahan's power law
divergences. Unlike the work of Schotte and Schotte, no linearization of the
bare fermion dispersion is needed, which, by their own admission, is a source
of some difficulty. Our approach also brings out some differences between the
different dimensions which is not present in their work. Finally, our work also
allows for easy generalization to potentials more realistic than the simple
delta-function used commonly in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148568 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics, Euclidean Gravity and Kaluza-Klein Reduction


  The aim of this paper is to find out a correspondence between one-loop
effective action $W_E$ defined by means of path integral in Euclidean gravity
and the free energy $F$ obtained by summation over the modes. The analysis is
given for quantum fields on stationary space-times of a general form. For such
problems a convenient procedure of a "Wick rotation" from Euclidean to
Lorentzian theory becomes quite non-trivial implying transition from one real
section of a complexified space-time manifold to another. We formulate
conditions under which $F$ and $W_E$ can be connected and establish an explicit
relation of these functionals. Our results are based on the Kaluza-Klein method
which enables one to reduce the problem on a stationary space-time to
equivalent problem on a static space-time in the presence of a gauge
connection. As a by-product, we discover relation between the asymptotic
heat-kernel coefficients of elliptic operators on a $D$ dimensional stationary
space-times and the heat-kernel coefficients of a $D-1$ dimensional elliptic
operators with an Abelian gauge connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 132 </DOCNO>
A superfluid gyroscope with cold atomic gases


  A trapped Bose-Einstein condensed atomic gas containing a quantized vortex is
predicted to exhibit precession after a sudden rotation of the confining
potential.
 The equations describing the motion of the condensate are derived and the
effects of superfluidity explicitly pointed out. The dependence of the
precession frequency on the relevant parameters of the problem is discussed.
 The proposed gyroscope is well suited to explore rotational effects at the
level of single quanta of circulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179697 </DOCNO>
Femtoscopy with unlike particles


  The possibilities of unlike particle correlations for a study of space--time
characteristics of particle production are demonstrated. The correlation data
from heavy ion collisions is discussed, particularly - in terms of the
transport RQMD and hydrodynamic models. An attention is paid to the relative
space-time asymmetries in the production of different particle species,
measured as a ratio of the correlation functions corresponding to different
directional selections of the relative momentum vector. Being sensitive to the
relative time delays and to the intensity of collective flows, these
asymmetries can become a promising tool in a study of the deconfinement
transition and the formation of quark-gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125243 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Baryon Fraction and the Extragalactic Ionizing Background


  We reassess constraints on the cosmological baryon density from observations
of the mean decrement and power spectrum of the Lyman-alpha forest, taking into
account uncertainties in all free parameters in the simplest gravitational
instability model. The uncertainty is dominated by that of the photoionizing
background, but incomplete knowledge of the thermal state of the intergalactic
medium also contributes significantly to the error-budget. While current
estimates of the baryon fraction from the forest do prefer values that are
somewhat higher than the big bang nucleosynthesis value of \Omega_b h^2 = 0.02
\pm 0.001, the discrepancy is at best about 3 \sigma. For instance, assuming
the highest estimate of the ionizing background, as indicated by recent
measurements of a large escape fraction from Lyman-break galaxies by Steidel,
Pettini & Adelberger, we find \Omega_b h^2 = 0.045 \pm 0.008. A recent
measurement of the ionizing background from the proximity effect by Scott et
al., on the other hand, implies \Omega_b h^2 = 0.03 \pm 0.01. We provide an
expression from which future likelihoods for \Omega_b h^2 can be derived as
measurements of the ionizing background improve -- consistency among
constraints from the forest, nucleosynthesis and the microwave background will
provide a powerful test of the gravitational instability model. We also develop
a formalism which treats lower bounds on the baryon density in a statistical
manner, which is appropriate if only a lower bound on the ionizing background
is known. Finally, we discuss the implications of the escape fraction
measurement for the age, structure and stellar content of Lyman-break galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87223 </DOCNO>
Quantum Thermal Effect of Dirac Particles in a Non-uniformly


  The Hawking radiation of Dirac particles in an arbitrarily rectilinearly
accelerating Kinnersley black hole with electro-magnetic charge and
cosmological constant is investigated by using method of the generalized
tortoise coordinate transformation. Both the location and the temperature of
the event horizon depend on the time and the polar angle. The Hawking thermal
radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is also derived.
  PACS numbers: 04.70.Dy, 97.60.Lf

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129511 </DOCNO>
The abundance pattern of the lambda Bootis stars


  Within a project to investigate the properties of lambda Bootis stars, we
report on their abundance pattern. High resolution spectra have been obtained
for a total of twelve candidate lambda Bootis stars, four of them being
contained in spectroscopic binary systems, and detailed abundance analyses have
been performed. All program stars show a characteristic lambda Bootis abundance
pattern (deficient heavy elements and solar abundant light elements) and an
enhanced abundance of Na. This work raises the fraction of lambda Bootis stars
with known abundances to 50%. The resulting abundances complemented by
literature data are used to construct a "mean lambda Bootis abundance pattern",
which exhibits, apart from general underabundances of heavy elements (about -1
dex) and solar abundances of C, N, O, Na and S, a star-to-star scatter which is
up to twice as large as for a comparable sample of normal stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123990 </DOCNO>
Gravitational microlensing of planets: the influence of planetary phase


  Recent studies have demonstrated that detailed monitoring of gravitational
microlensing events can reveal the presence of planets orbiting the microlensed
source stars. With the potential of probing planets in the Galactic Bulge and
Magellanic Clouds, such detections greatly increase the volume over which
planets can be found. This paper expands on these original studies by
considering the effect of planetary phase on the form of the resultant
microlensing light curve. It is found that crescent-like sources can undergo
substantially more magnification than a uniformly illuminated disk, the model
typically employed in studying such planets. In fact, such a circularly
symmetric model is found to suffer a minimal degree of magnification when
compared to the crescent models. The degree of magnification is also a strong
function of the planet's orientation with respect to the microlensing caustic.
The form of the magnification variability is also strongly dependent on the
planetary phase and from which direction it is swept by the caustic, providing
further clues to the geometry of the planetary system. As the amount of light
reflected from a planet also depends on its phase, the detection of extreme
crescent-like planets requires the advent of 30-m class telescopes, while light
curves of planets at more moderate phases can be determined with today's 10-m
telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72541 </DOCNO>
Interplay between perturbative and non-perturbative QCD in three-jet


  We present the perturbative (PT) and non-perturbative (NP) analysis of the
cumulative out-of-event-plane momentum distribution in e+e- annihilation in the
near-to-planar three-jet region. A physical interpretation based on simple QCD
considerations and kinematical relations will be given, with the aim of
extending the described techniques to other multi-jet processes and, possibly,
to hadron-hadron collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98475 </DOCNO>
A new maximally supersymmetric background of IIB superstring theory


  We present a maximally supersymmetric IIB string background. The geometry is
that of a conformally flat lorentzian symmetric space G/K with solvable G, with
a homogeneous five-form flux. We give the explicit supergravity solution,
compute the isometries, the 32 Killing spinors, and the symmetry superalgebra,
and then discuss T-duality and the relation to M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99157 </DOCNO>
Almost-free E-rings of cardinality aleph_1


  An E-ring is a unital ring R such that every endomorphism of the underlying
abelian group R^+ is multiplication by some ring-element. The existence of
almost-free E-rings of cardinality greater than 2^{aleph_0} is undecidable in
ZFC. While they exist in Goedel's universe, they do not exist in other models
of set theory. For a regular cardinal aleph_1 <= lambda <= 2^{aleph_0} we
construct E-rings of cardinality lambda in ZFC which have aleph_1-free additive
structure. For lambda = aleph_1 we therefore obtain the existence of
almost-free E-rings of cardinality aleph_1 in ZFC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76686 </DOCNO>
Early thermalization at RHIC


  It is shown that recent RHIC data on hadron spectra and elliptic flow can be
excellently reproduced within a hydrodynamic description of the collision
dynamics, and that this provides strong evidence for rapid thermalization while
the system is still in the quark-gluon plasma phase. But even though the
hydrodynamic approach provides an impressive description of the single-particle
momentum distributions, it fails to describe the two-particle momentum
correlation (HBT) data for central Au+Au collisions at RHIC. We suggest that
this is not likely to be repaired by further improvements in our understanding
of the early collision stages, but probably requires a better modelling of the
freeze-out process. We close with a prediction of the phases of the azimuthal
oscillations of the HBT radii in noncentral collisions at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97262 </DOCNO>
The concordance genus of knots


  In knot concordance three genera arise naturally, g(K), g_4(K), and g_c(K):
these are the classical genus, the 4--ball genus, and the concordance genus,
defined to be the minimum genus among all knots concordant to K . Clearly 0 \le
g_4(K) \le g_c(K) \le g(K). Casson and Nakanishi gave examples to show that
g_4(K) need not equal g_c(K). We begin by reviewing and extending their
results.
  For knots representing elements in A, the concordance group of algebraically
slice knots, the relationships between these genera are less clear. Casson and
Gordon's result that A is nontrivial implies that g_4(K) can be nonzero for
knots in A. Gilmer proved that g_4(K) can be arbitrarily large for knots in A.
We will prove that there are knots K in A with g_4(K) = 1 and g_c(K)
arbitrarily large.
  Finally, we tabulate g_c for all knots with 10 or fewer crossings. This
requires the development of further obstructions and the description of
previously unnoticed concordances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123426 </DOCNO>
X-ray energy and power spectra of Seyfert 1 and Narrow Line Seyfert 1


  I review observational data on X-ray energy spectra and variability of
Seyfert 1 and Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies, and compare them to black hole
binary (BHB) systems. There seems to be greater similarity of time averaged
properties (i.e. energy spectra) than time variability between the supermassive
and stellar-mass black hole accreting systems.
    Energy spectra of Seyfert 1 galaxies are similar to BHB in low/hard state,
but power spectra of Sy 1 are intermediate in properties between those for hard
and soft states of BHB.
    There is growing evidence that NLSy 1 are accreting at higher accretion
rates than Sy 1, which supports the view that they correspond to soft states of
BHB. Again, they are more similar to their stellar counterparts with respect to
their spectral properties than to the timing properties.
     I briefly outline some theoretical ideas which suggest explanations of
those differences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98808 </DOCNO>
Local U(1) symmetry in Y(so(5)) associated with Massless Thirring Model


  The Massless Thirring model associated with SO(5) is solved in terms of the
local U(1) symmetry. The local U(1) symmetry is related to q-deformation of
four-component field operators due to the nonlinear interaction for differently
internal degree of freedom. The Bethe ansatz wavefunction is also discussed. In
addition, the local U(1) symmetry in the Yangian associated with
SO(5)(Y(SO(5))) is explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74339 </DOCNO>
Non-factorization effects in heavy mesons and determination of |V_{ub}|


  The effects of spectator light quark in decays of heavy mesons are
considered, which vanish in the limit of factorization of matrix elements of
four-quark operators over the mesons. These effects include the difference of
the total widths as well as of the semileptonic decay rates between the D^0 and
D_s mesons and also a contribution to inclusive semileptonic decay rates of B^0
and B^\pm into the channel X_u l nu related to determination of the weak mixing
parameter V_{ub}. If the observed difference of the lifetimes between D_s and
D^0 mesons is attributed to non-factorizable terms, such terms can naturally
give rise to a significant difference in inclusive semileptonic decay rates of
these mesons, and to a light-flavor dependent contribution to decays B -> X_u l
nu. The latter contribution affects mostly the upper part of the inclusive
spectrum of the invariant mass of the lepton pair, and may significantly exceed
the previously claimed in the literature theoretical uncertainty in
determination of |V_{ub}|^2 from that part of the spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76097 </DOCNO>
Generation of Magnetic Fields in Cosmology


  Mechanisms of generation of magnetic fields in the early universe which could
seed the present-day large scale galactic magnetic fields, are briefly
reviewed. Three possible ways to create large scale magnetic fields are
discussed: breaking of conformal invariance of electromagnetic interactions and
inflationary stretching of the field wave length, first order cosmological
phase transitions, and chaotic electric currents generated by turbulent flows
in the primeval plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2301 </DOCNO>
Catastrophic senescence of the Pacific salmon without


  We derive catastrophic senescence of the Pacific salmon from an aging model
which was recently proposed by Stauffer. The model is based on the postulates
of a minimum reproduction age and a maximal genetic lifespan. It allows for
self-organization of a typical age of first reproduction and a typical age of
death. Our Monte Carlo simulations of the population dynamics show that the
model leads to catastrophic senescence for semelparous reproduction as it
occurs in the case of salmon, but to a more gradually increase of senescence
for iteroparous reproduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2769 </DOCNO>
Interface depinning versus absorbing-state phase transitions


  According to recent numerical results from lattice models, the critical
exponents of systems with many absorbing states and an order parameter coupled
to a non-diffusive conserved field coincide with those of the linear interface
depinning model within computational accuracy. In this paper the connection
between absorbing state phase transitions and interface pinning in quenched
disordered media is investigated. For that, we present a mapping of the
interface dynamics in a disordered medium into a Langevin equation for the
active-site density and show that a Reggeon-field-theory like description,
coupled to an additional non-diffusive conserved field, appears rather
naturally. Reciprocally, we construct a mapping from a discrete model belonging
in the absorbing state with-a-conserved-field class to a discrete interface
equation, and show how a quenched disorder is originated.
 We discuss the character of the possible noise terms in both representations,
and overview the critical exponent relations. Evidence is provided that, at
least for dimensions larger that one, both universality classes are just two
different representations of the same underlying physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4974 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Superconductivity in the Induced Pairing Model


  The model of local electron pairs and itinerant fermions coupled via charge
exchange mechanism, which mutually induces superconductivity in both subsystems
is studied for anisotropic pairing symmetry. The phase diagram is presented and
the phase fluctuations effects are analyzed within the Kosterlitz-Thouless
scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72753 </DOCNO>
How many family-independent, independent U(1)'s, can we gauge?


  In the context of SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x [U(1)]^n, SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x
[U(1)]^n' and SU(3)_c x SU(3)_L x[U(1)]^n'', we analyze the possible values for
n, n' and n''. That is, we look for the number of family-independent,
independent abelian hypercharges that can be gauged in each one of those
models. We find that n=n'=1 for the minimal fermion content, but n can take any
value if we add the right-handed neutrino field to each family in the Standard
Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95716 </DOCNO>
On the Poincare Index of Isolated Invariant Sets


  In this paper, we use Conley index theory to examine the Poincare index of an
isolated invariant set. We obtain some limiting conditions on a critical point
of a planar vector field to be an isolated invariant set. As a result we show
the existence of infinitely many homoclinic orbits for a critical point with
the Poincare index greater than one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87154 </DOCNO>
On the observational determination of squeezing in relic gravitational


  We develop a theory in which relic gravitational waves and primordial density
perturbations are generated by strong variable gravitational field of the early
Universe. The generating mechanism is superadiabatic (parametric) amplification
of the zero-point quantum oscillations. The generated fields have specific
statistical properties of squeezed vacuum quantum states. Macroscopically,
squeezing manifests itself in a non-stationary character of variances and
correlation functions of the fields, periodic structures of the metric power
spectra, and, as a consequence, in oscillatory behavior of the higher order
multipoles C_l of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy. We start with the
gravitational wave background and then apply the theory to primordial density
perturbations. We derive an analytical formula for the positions of peaks and
dips in the angular power spectrum l(l+1)C_l as a function of l. This formula
shows that the values of l at the peak positions are ordered in the proportion
1:3:5:..., whereas at the dips they are ordered as 1:2:3:.... We compare the
derived positions with the actually observed features, and find them to be in
reasonably good agreement. It appears that the observed structure is better
described by our analytical formulas than by the concept of "acoustic peaks"
based on the existence of plasma sound waves at the last scattering surface. We
formulate a forecast for other features in the angular power spectrum, that may
be detected by the advanced observational missions, such as MAP and PLANCK. We
tentatively conclude that the observed structure is a macroscopic manifestation
of squeezing in the primordial metric perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148068 </DOCNO>
Correlation Functions of the Scalar Field in Background NC U(1)


  We consider the complex scalar field coupled to background NC U(1) YM and
calculate the correlator of two gauge invariant composite operators. We show
how the noncommutative gauge invariance is restored for higher correlators
(though the Green's function itself is not invariant). It is interesting that
the recently discovered noncommutative solitons appear in the calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3396 </DOCNO>
Mathematics of random growing interfaces


  We establish a thermodynamic limit and Gaussian fluctuations for the height
and surface width of the random interface formed by the deposition of particles
on surfaces. The results hold for the standard ballistic deposition model as
well as the surface relaxation model in the off-lattice setting. The results
are proved with the aid of general limit theorems for stabilizing functionals
of marked Poisson point processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 769 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects in the collective light scattering by coherent atomic


  We extend the semiclassical model of the collective atomic recoil laser
(CARL) to include the quantum mechanical description of the center-of-mass
motion of the atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We show that when the
average atomic momentum is less than the recoil momentum $\hbar\vec q$, the
CARL equations reduce to the Maxwell-Bloch equations for two momentum levels.
In the conservative regime (no radiation losses), the quantum model depends on
a single collective parameter, $\rho$, that can be interpreted as the average
number of photons scattered per atom in the classical limit. When $\rho\gg 1$,
the semiclassical CARL regime is recovered, with many momentum levels populated
at saturation. On the contrary, when $\rho\le 1$, the average momentum
oscillates between zero and $\hbar\vec q$, and a periodic train of $2\pi$
hyperbolic secant pulses is emitted. In the dissipative regime (large radiation
losses) and in a suitable quantum limit, a sequential superfluorescence
scattering occurs, in which after each process atoms emit a $\pi$ hyperbolic
secant pulse and populate a lower momentum state. These results describe the
regular arrangement of the momentum pattern observed in recent experiments of
superradiant Rayleigh scattering from a BEC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98956 </DOCNO>
Degeneration of SL(n)-bundles on a reducible curve


  We constructed a projective moduli space of semistable torsion free sheaves
with `fixed determinant' on a reducible curve. When a family of smooth curves
degenerates to the reducible curve, our moduli space is a degeneration of the
moduli spaces of semistable vector bundles with a fixed determinant on the
smooth curves. Moreover, the moduli space is reduced and seminormal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 617 </DOCNO>
Spatio-temporal distribution of nucleation events during crystal growth


  We consider irreversible second-layer nucleation that occurs when two
adatoms on a terrace meet. We solve the problem analytically in one dimension
for zero and infinite step-edge barriers, and numerically for any value of the
barriers in one and two dimensions. For large barriers, the spatial
distribution of nucleation events strongly differs from $\rho^2$, where $\rho$
is the stationary adatom density in the presence of a constant flux. The
probability $Q(t)$ that nucleation occurs at time $t$ after the deposition of
the second adatom, decays for short time as a power law [$Q(t)\sim t^{-1/2}$]
in $d=1$ and logarithmically [$Q(t)\sim 1/\ln(t/t_0)$] in $d=2$; for long time
it decays exponentially. Theories of the nucleation rate $\omega$ based on the
assumption that it is proportional to $\rho^2$ are shown to overestimate
$\omega$ by a factor proportional to the number of times an adatom diffusing on
the terrace visits an already visited lattice site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 709 </DOCNO>
A process-reconstruction analysis of market fluctuations


  The statistical properties of a stochastic process may be described (1)by the
expectation values of the observables, (2)by the probability distribution
functions or (3)by probability measures on path space. Here an analysis of
level (3) is carried out for market fluctuation processes. Gibbs measures and
chains with complete connections are considered. Some other topics are also
discussed, in particular the asymptotic stationarity of the processes and the
behavior of statistical indicators of level (1) and (2). We end up with some
remarks concerning the nature of the market fluctuation process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7207 </DOCNO>
New Mechanism for Finite-Time-Singularity in Epidemic Models of Rupture,


  We present a new kind of critical stochastic finite-time-singularity, relying
on the interplay between long-memory and extreme fluctuations. We illustrate it
on the well-established epidemic-type aftershock (ETAS) model for aftershocks,
based solely on the most solidly documented stylized facts of seismicity
(clustering in space and in time and power law Gutenberg-Richter distribution
of earthquake energies). This theory accounts for the main observations (power
law acceleration and discrete scale invariant structure) of critical rupture of
heterogeneous materials, of the largest sequence of starquakes ever attributed
to a neutron star as well as of earthquake sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129711 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of Stars with Planets


  We consider the metallicities and kinematics of nearby stars known to have
planetary-mass companions in the general context of the overall properties of
the local Galactic Disk. We have used Stromgren photometry to determine
abundances for both the extrasolar-planet host stars and for a volume-limited
sample of 486 F, G and K stars selected from the Hipparcos catalogue. The
latter data show that the Sun lies near the modal abundance of the disk, with
over 45% of local stars having super-solar metallicities. Twenty of the latter
stars (4.1%) are known to have planetary-mass companions. Using that ratio to
scale data for the complete sample of planetary host stars, we find that the
fraction of stars with extrasolar planets rises sharply with increasing
abundance, confirming previous results. However, the frequency remains at the
3-4% level for stars within 0.15 dex of solar abundance, and falls to ~1% only
for stars with abundances less than half solar. Given the present observational
constraints, both in velocity precision and in the available time baseline,
these numbers represent a lower limit to the frequency of extrasolar planetary
systems. A comparison between the kinematics of the planetary host stars and a
representative sample of disk stars suggests that the former have an average
age which is ~60% of the latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75014 </DOCNO>
Higher twist and transverse momentum dependent parton distributions: a


  In order to study twist-3 and transverse momentum dependent parton
distributions, we use light-front time-ordered pQCD at order $\alpha_s$ to
calculate various distribution functions for a dressed quark target. This study
enables us to investigate in detail the existing relations between twist-3 and
transverse momentum dependent parton distributions. Our calculation shows
explicitly that two versions of such relations, considered to be equivalent,
occur in the literature which need to be distinguished. Moreover, we examine
sum rules for higher twist distributions. While the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum
rule for $g_2$ is fulfilled, the corresponding sum rule for $h_2$ is violated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75995 </DOCNO>
Inclusive Higgs Production at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order


  We describe the contributions of virtual corrections and soft gluon emission
to the inclusive Higgs boson production cross section $pp\to H + X$ computed at
next-to-next-to-leading order in the heavy top quark limit. We also discuss
estimates of the leading non-soft corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148289 </DOCNO>
Scheme independence as an inherent redundancy in quantum field theory


  The path integral formulation of Quantum Field Theory implies an infinite set
of local, Schwinger-Dyson-like relations. Exact renormalization group equations
can be cast as a particular instance of these relations. Furthermore, exact
scheme independence is turned into a vector field transformation of the kernel
of the exact renormalization group equation under field redefinitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76894 </DOCNO>
Fake CPT Violation in Disappearance Neutrino Oscillations


  We make an analysis of the fake CPT-violating asymmetries between the
survival probabilities of neutrinos and antineutrinos, induced by the
terrestrial matter effects, in three different scenarios of long-baseline
neutrino oscillation experiments with L=730 km, L=2100 km and L=3200 km. In
particular, the dependence of those asymmetries on the Dirac-type CP-violating
phase of the lepton flavor mixing matrix is examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41479 </DOCNO>
Active cooling control of the CLEO detector using a hydrocarbon coolant


  We describe a novel approach to particle-detector cooling in which a modular
farm of active coolant-control platforms provides independent and regulated
heat removal from four recently upgraded subsystems of the CLEO detector: the
ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, the drift chamber, the silicon vertex
detector, and the beryllium beam pipe. We report on several aspects of the
system: the suitability of using the aliphatic-hydrocarbon solvent PF(TM)-200IG
as a heat-transfer fluid, the sensor elements and the mechanical design of the
farm platforms, a control system that is founded upon a commercial programmable
logic controller employed in industrial process-control applications, and a
diagnostic system based on virtual instrumentation. We summarize the system's
performance and point out the potential application of the design to future
high-energy physics apparatus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169370 </DOCNO>
Modified Grover's algorithm for an expectation value quantum computer


  The translation of Grover's search algorithm from its standard version,
designed for implementation on a single quantum system amenable to projective
measurements, into one suitable for an ensemble of quantum computers, whose
outputs are expectation values of observables, is described in detail. A
filtering scheme, which effectively determines expectation values on a limited
portion of the quantum state, is presented and used to locate a single item for
searches involving more than one marked item. A truncated version of Grover's
algorithm, requiring fewer steps than the translated standard version but
locating marked items just as successfully, is proposed. For quantum
computational devices which only return expectation values, the truncated
version is superior to its standard counterpart. This indicates that it is
possible to modify quantum algorithms so as to reduce the required temporal
resources by using the ensemble's spatial resources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83523 </DOCNO>
Generation of and Debugging with Logical Pre and Postconditions


  This paper shows the debugging facilities provided by the SLAM system. The
SLAM system includes i) a specification language that integrates algebraic
specifications and model-based specifications using the object oriented model.
Class operations are defined by using rules each of them with logical pre and
postconditions but with a functional flavour. ii) A development environment
that, among other features, is able to generate readable code in a high level
object oriented language. iii) The generated code includes (part of) the pre
and postconditions as assertions, that can be automatically checked in the
debug mode execution of programs. We focus on this last aspect.
  The SLAM language is expressive enough to describe many useful properties and
these properties are translated into a Prolog program that is linked (via an
adequate interface) with the user program. The debugging execution of the
program interacts with the Prolog engine which is responsible for checking
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95858 </DOCNO>
Quasi-exceptional sets and equivariant coherent sheaves on the nilpotent


  In math.AG/0005152 a certain $t$-structure on the derived category of
equivariant coherent sheaves on the nil-cone of a simple complex algebraic
group was introduced (the so-called perverse $t$-structure corresponding to the
middle perversity). In the present note we show that the same $t$-structure can
be obtained from a natural quasi-exceptional set generating this derived
category. As a consequence we obtain a bijection between the sets of dominant
weights and pairs consisting of a nilpotent orbit, and an irreducible
representation of the centralizer of this element, conjectured by Lusztig and
Vogan (and obtained by other means in math.RT/0010089).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126423 </DOCNO>
Detection of ionized gas in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae


  We report the detection of ionized intracluster gas in the globular cluster
47 Tucanae. Pulsars in this cluster with a negative period derivative, which
must lie in the distant half of the cluster, have significantly higher measured
integrated electron column densities than the pulsars with a positive period
derivative. We derive the plasma density within the central few pc of the
cluster using two different methods which yield consistent values. Our best
estimate of n_e = (0.067+-0.015)/cm^3 is about 100 times the free electron
density of the ISM in the vicinity of 47 Tucanae, and the ionized gas is
probably the dominant component of the intracluster medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83917 </DOCNO>
Embedding conditional event algebras into temporal calculus of


  In this paper we prove that all the existing conditional event algebras embed
into a three-valued extension of temporal logic of discrete past time, which
the authors of this paper have proposed in anothe paper as a general model of
conditional events.
  First of all, we discuss the descriptive incompleteness of the cea's. In this
direction, we show that some important notions, like independence of
conditional events, cannot be properly addressed in the framework of
conditional event algebras, while they can be precisely formulated and analyzed
in the temporal setting.
  We also demonstrate that the embeddings allow one to use Markov chain
algorithms (suitable for the temporal calculus) for computing probabilities of
complex conditional expressions of the embedded conditional event algebras, and
that these algorithms can outperform those previously known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113502 </DOCNO>
Complex Numbers and Physical Reality


  Some aspects of the development of physics and the mathematics set one think
about relation between complex numbers and reality around us. If number to spot
as the relation of two quantities, from the fact of existence of complex
numbers and accepted definition of number it is necessary necessity complex
value to assign to all physical quantities. The basic property of quantity to
be it is more or less, therefore field of complex quantities, if it exists, it
is necessary is ranked.
       The hypothesis was proposed that lexicographic ordering may be applied
to the complex physical quantities. A set of the ranked complex numbers is
quite natural to arrange on a straight line that represents in this case a
non-Archimedean complex numerical axis. All physical quantities are located on
the relevant non-Archimedean complex numerical axes, forming a new reality -
"complex-valued" world.
       Thus, we get the conclusion that the resulting non-Archimedean complex
numerical axis may serve as an example of the ideal mathematical object -
hyperreal numerical axis. So, differentiation and integration on the
non-Archimedean complex numerical axis can be realized using methods of
nonstandard analysis.
       Certain properties of a new "complex-valued" reality, its connection
with our "real" world and possibility of experimental detection of complex
physical quantities are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73623 </DOCNO>
Final state interactions in the eta-d system


  The eta-deuteron scattering amplitude is calculated with a recent K-matrix
model of eta-N interactions. The existence of a narrow virtual state in the
eta-deuteron system is inferred. This state couples strongly to the eta-d
channel but its effect on final state interactions in the pn --> eta-d reaction
is shown to be rather weak. Fairly large eta-N scattering lengths are allowed
by the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168311 </DOCNO>
Localization and diffusion in Ising-type quantum networks


  We investigate the effect of phase randomness in Ising-type quantum networks.
These networks model a large class of physical systems. They describe micro-
and nanostructures or arrays of optical elements such as beam splitters
(interferometers) or parameteric amplifiers. Most of these stuctures are
promising candidates for quantum information processing networks. We
demonstrate that such systems exhibit two very distinct types of behaviour. For
certain network configurations (parameters), they show quantum localization
similar to Anderson localization whereas classical stochastic behaviour is
observed in other cases. We relate these findings to the standard theory of
quantum localization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86247 </DOCNO>
Spherical Structures in the Inflationary Cosmology


  It has been suggested that wormholes and other non-trivial geometrical
structures might have been formed during the quantum cosmological era ($t\sim
10^{-43}$s). Subsequent inflation of the universe might have enlarged these
structures to macroscopic sizes. In this paper, spherical geometrical
structures in an inflationary RW background are derived from the Einstein
equations, using a constraint on the energy-momentum tensor which is an
extension of the one expected for inflation. The possibility of dynamical
wormholes and other spherical structures are explored in the framework of the
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149307 </DOCNO>
Anomaly Cancellation: A Retrospective From a Modern Perspective


  The mechanism by which gauge and gravitational anomalies cancel in certain
string theories is reviewed. The presentation is aimed at theorists who do not
necessarily specialize in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127877 </DOCNO>
A general, three-dimensional fluid dynamics code for stars in binary


  We describe the theory and implementation of a three-dimensional fluid
dynamics code which we have developed for calculating the surface geometry and
circulation currents in the secondaries of interacting binary systems. The main
method is based on an Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme to solve the advective and
force terms in Euler's equation. Surface normalised spherical polar coordinates
are used to allow the accurate modelling of the surface of the star, as is
necessary when free surfaces and irradiation effects are to be considered. The
potential and its gradient are expressed as sums of Legendre polynomials, which
allows a very efficient solution of Poisson's equation. The basic solution
scheme, based on operator splitting, is outlined, and standard numerical tests
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179738 </DOCNO>
Continuum HFB calculations with finite range pairing interactions


  A new method of calculating pairing correlations in coordinate space with
finite range interactions is presented. In the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB)
approach the mean field part is derived from a Skyrme-type force whereas the
pairing field is constructed with a Gogny force. An iterative scheme is used
for solving the integro-differential HFB equations via the introduction of a
local equivalent potential. The method is illustrated on the case of the
nucleus $^{18}$C. It is shown that the results are insensitive to the cut off
value in the quasiparticle spectrum if this value is above 100 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77134 </DOCNO>
Muon Decay Asymmetries from $K^0_L \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \mu^-$ Decays


  We have examined the decay $K^0_L \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \mu^-$ in which the
branching ratio, the muon energy asymmetry and the muon decay asymmetry could
be measured. In particular, we find that within the Standard Model the
longitudinal polarization ($P_L$) of the muon is proportional to the direct CP
violating amplitude. On the other hand the energy asymmetry and the
out-of-plane polarization ($P_N$) depend on both indirect and direct CP
violating amplitudes. Although the branching ratio is small and difficult to
measure because of background, the asymmetries could be large $\cal{O}$(1) in
the Standard Model. A combined analysis of the energy asymmetry, $P_L$ and
$P_N$ could be used to separate indirect CPV, direct CPV, and CP conserving
contributions to the decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 534 </DOCNO>
Dynamic surface scaling behavior of isotropic Heisenberg ferromagnets


  The effects of free surfaces on the dynamic critical behavior of isotropic
Heisenberg ferromagnets are studied via phenomenological scaling theory,
field-theoretic renormalization group tools, and high-precision computer
simulations. An appropriate semi-infinite extension of the stochastic model J
is constructed, the boundary terms of the associated dynamic field theory are
identified, its renormalization in d <= 6 dimensions is clarified, and the
boundary conditions it satisfies are given. Scaling laws are derived which
relate the critical indices of the dynamic and static infrared singularities of
surface quantities to familiar static bulk and surface exponents. Accurate
computer-simulation data are presented for the dynamic surface structure
factor; these are in conformity with the predicted scaling behavior and could
be checked by appropriate scattering experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114269 </DOCNO>
Macroquantum Effects in Astronomy


  A great number of macroquantum laws connecting gravity and electromagnetism
if found empirically. To describe them the model of anisotropic gravitational
field is proposed. This field is build as a superposition of planes and force
lines are changed by thin elastic discs. Interaction of gravitational objects
is described by second order linear differential equation having in some limits
Newton or Maxwell equations. Tending to similar description of electromagnetic
and gravitational forces the Newton gravity law is complemented by dynamical
part dependent on speed of relative movement of objects. Static part of the
Newton law is provided by longitudinal waves. They penetrate along planes with
the speed equal to a^{-4}c=3.526 10^8 c, where c is the speed of light and a is
the fine structure constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 778 </DOCNO>
Multifractal fluctuations in finance


  We consider the structure functions S^(q)(T), i.e. the moments of order q of
the increments X(t+T)-X(t) of the Foreign Exchange rate X(t) which give clear
evidence of scaling (S^(q)(T)~T^z(q)). We demonstrate that the nonlinearity of
the observed scaling exponent z(q) is incompatible with monofractal additive
stochastic models usually introduced in finance: Brownian motion, Levy
processes and their truncated versions. This nonlinearity corresponds to
multifractal intermittency yielded by multiplicative processes. The
non-analycity of z(q) corresponds to universal multifractals, which are
furthermore able to produce ``hyperbolic'' pdf tails with an exponent q_D >2.
We argue that it is necessary to introduce stochastic evolution equations which
are compatible with this multifractal behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97154 </DOCNO>
Quantum surfaces, special functions, and the tunneling effect


  The notion of quantum embedding is considered for two classes of examples:
quantum coadjoint orbits in Lie coalgebras and quantum symplectic leaves in
spaces with non-Lie permutation relations. A method for constructing
irreducible representations of associative algebras and the corresponding trace
formulas over leaves with complex polarization are obtained. The noncommutative
product on the leaves incorporates a closed 2-form and a measure which (in
general) are different from the classical symplectic form and the Liouville
measure. The quantum objects are related to some generalized special functions.
The difference between classical and quantum geometrical structures could even
occur to be exponentially small with respect to the deformation parameter. That
is interpreted as a tunneling effect in the quantum geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73321 </DOCNO>
The Glueball sector of two-flavor Color Superconductivity


  We construct the effective Lagrangian describing the light glueballs
associated with the unbroken and confining SU(2) color subgroup for the 2
flavor superconductive phase of QCD. This Lagrangian constitutes a key
ingredient for understanding the non perturbative physics of 2 flavor color
superconductivity. We estimate the two photon decay process of the light
glueballs using the saturation of the electromagnetic trace anomaly at the
effective Lagrangian level. The present results are particularly relevant to
our model of Gamma Ray Bursts based on color superconductivity in Quark Stars
(R. Ouyed and F. Sannino astro-ph/0103022).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128310 </DOCNO>
Chandra detection of the radio and optical double hot spot of 3C 351


  In this letter we report a Chandra X-ray detection of the double northern hot
spot of the radio quasar 3C 351. The hot spot has also been observed in the
optical with the Hubble Space Telescope (R-band) and with the 3.5m. Telescopio
Nazionale Galileo (B-band). The radio-to-optical and X-ray spectra are
interpreted as the results of the synchrotron and synchrotron-self-Compton
(SSC) mechanisms, respectively, with hot-spot magnetic field strengths ~3 times
smaller than the equipartition values. In the framework of shock acceleration
theory, we show that the requirement for such a relatively small field strength
is in agreement with the fitted synchrotron spectral models and with the sizes
of the hot spots. Finally, we show that the combination of a lower magnetic
field strength with the high frequencies of the synchrotron cut-off in the
fitted synchrotron spectra provides strong evidence for electron acceleration
in the hot spots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169074 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical stability analysis of a two-photon laser including spatial


  We investigate the dynamics of a two-photon laser under conditions where the
spatial variation of the cavity field along the cavity axis is important. Main
attention is paid to linear stability analysis and numerical investigation of a
two-photon laser for the Maxwell-Bloch equations. The model assumes pumping to
the upper state of the two-photon transition. We consider the Maxwell-Bloch
equations on the basis of which we study the stability analysis of the steady
state of the system. The system is taken to be contained in a ring-laser
cavity. Asymptotic expansion of the eigenvalue and analytic information are
obtained in some realistic limits, such as very large reflectivity, very small
cavity losses, or very small population relaxation rate. The results are
illustrated with an application to a specific atomic system (Potassium) as an
amplifying medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72390 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos, Large Extra Dimensions and Solar Neutrino Puzzle


  A desirable feature of models with large extra dimensions and a TeV range
string scale is the possibility to understand an ultralight sterile neutrino
needed for a simultaneous understanding of solar, atmospheric and LSND results
as a Kaluza-Klein state of a bulk neutrino. How these oscillation data are
understood in quantitative detail is still not clear. We have recently
suggested a new way to understand the solar neutrino data in this framework by
a combination of vacuum and small angle MSW transition of $\nu_e$ to sterile KK
modes of the bulk neutrino. This mechanism can be embedded into an economical
extension of the standard model in the brane to understand the atmospheric and
LSND data. After a brief discussion of how small neutrino masses arise
naturally in extra dimensional models, we review this new suggestion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124528 </DOCNO>
Properties of the circumnuclear medium in Active Galactic Nuclei


  We propose a classification scheme for the circumnuclear medium of AGNs based
on their location in the A_V - N_H plane (related to dust absorption and gas
absorption, respectively). We present evidence that the A_V/N_H ratio is often
lower than the Galactic value. This is shown by the broad line ratios of a
sample of intermediate Seyferts, and by the optical/X-ray ratio of line
selected (as opposed to color selected) AGNs. We point out the implications for
the physical properties of the absorber. A complete classification would
require a third axis, related to the density of the absorber and/or its
distance from the AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128322 </DOCNO>
Large-Amplitude 2.65-d Oscillation in the VY Scl-Type star V425 Cas


  From long-term photometry of a VY Scl-type star, V425 Cas, between 1998 and
2000, we discovered a short-term, large-amplitude (up to 1.5 mag) variations.
The variation was well represented by a single period of 2.65 d. The large
amplitude and the profile of the folded light curve suggest that the dwarf
nova-type disk instability is responsible for this variation. The shortness of
the period is unprecedented in hydrogen-rich cataclysmic variables. Given the
recent emerging evidence that the irradiation from white dwarfs in VY Scl-type
systems affect their light behavior, we propose a possibility that this unique
variation in V425 Cas can be explained by the combination of the dwarf
nova-type disk instability and irradiation. Similar short-period "outbursts"
have been known in X-ray transients (V518 Per), and helium cataclysmic
variables (CR Boo and V803 Cen). We discuss the possibility that these
phenomena have a common origin to the unique variation in V425 Cas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73358 </DOCNO>
Lepton Transmutation in $e^+e^-$ Collision


  This paper is subsumed and superseded by hep-ph/0111175.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168152 </DOCNO>
Quantum Interrogation and the Safer X-ray


  We investigate quantum interrogation techniques which allow imaging
information about semi-transparent objects to be obtained with lower absorption
rates than standard classical methods. We show that a gain proportional to log
N can be obtained when searching for defects in an array of N pixels, if it is
known that at most M of the pixels can have transparencies different from a
predetermined theoretical value. A logarithmic gain can also be obtained when
searching for infrequently occurring large structures in arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114425 </DOCNO>
New Advances in Bayesian Calculation for Linear and Nonlinear Inverse


  The Bayesian approach has proved to be a coherent approach to handle ill
posed Inverse problems. However, the Bayesian calculations need either an
optimization or an integral calculation. The maximum a posteriori (MAP)
estimation requires the minimization of a compound criterion which, in general,
has two parts: a data fitting part and a prior part. In many situations the
criterion to be minimized becomes multimodal. The cost of the Simulated
Annealing (SA) based techniques is in general huge for inverse problems.
Recently a deterministic optimization technique, based on Graduated Non
Convexity (GNC), have been proposed to overcome this difficulty. The objective
of this paper is to show two specific implementations of this technique for the
following situations: -- Linear inverse problems where the solution is modeled
as a piecewise continuous function. The non convexity of the criterion is then
due to the special choice of the prior; -- A nonlinear inverse problem which
arises in inverse scattering where the non convexity of the criterion is due to
the likelihood part. Keywords: Inverse problems, Regularization, Bayesian
calculation, Global optimization, Graduated Non Convexity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81392 </DOCNO>
Test of the Polyakov Loop Model


  We discuss the two point functions for the real and imaginary parts of the
Polyakov loop in a pure SU(3) gauge theory. The behavior of these correlation
functions in the Polyakov Loop Model is markedly different from that in
perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128471 </DOCNO>
Energy Release and Transport Processes in the Centers of Galaxies


  Observations over the past decade have verified, beyond reasonable doubt,
that most galactic nuclei contain massive black holes. Hole masses are being
measured and firm evidence for spin is being sought. Attention is now returning
to the study of how gas flows around black holes and how energy is released
both from the accreting gas and from the hole itself in the form of radiation,
relativistic jets and non-relativistic, hydromagnetic winds. Some of the
different possibilities currently under investigation are briefly reviewed and
some recent clues from radio scintillation, polarization and X-ray observations
are discussed. It is argued that observations of persistent circular
polarisation in Sgr A$^\ast$ support the presence of an ordered disk magnetic
field. It is also conjectured that adiabatic, sub- and super-critical accretion
flows are demand-limited, not supply-driven and are associated with large mass
outflow as appears to be the case in Sgr A$^\ast$. This principle may have to
be modified when a massive black hole forms in a protogalaxy and this
modification may account for the proposed hole mass-bulge velocity dispersion
relation. The final stages of this process may release sufficient wind energy
from the nucleus to prevent disk formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81231 </DOCNO>
The $U_A(1)$ Problem on the Lattice


  If the expression of the topological charge density operator, suggested by
fermions obeying the Ginsparg--Wilson relation, is employed, it is possible to
prove on the lattice the validity of the Witten--Veneziano formula for the
$\eta'$ mass. Recent numerical results from simulations with overlap fermions
in 2 (abelian Schwinger model) and 4 (QCD) dimensions give values for the mass
of the lightest pseudo-scalar flavour-singlet state that agree with theoretical
expectations and/or experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73678 </DOCNO>
SUSY CP violations in K and B systems


  I report our recent works on the effects of % flavor conserving CP violating
phases in SUSY models on B and K phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179622 </DOCNO>
Charged multiplicities and $J/\psi$ suppression at SPS and RHIC energies


  Charged multiplicities in nucleus--nucleus collisions are calculated in the
Dual Parton Model taking into account shadowing corrections. Its dependence on
the number of collisions and participants is analyzed and found in agreement
with experiment at SPS and RHIC energies. Using these results, we compute the
$J/\psi$ suppression at SPS as a function of the transverse energy and of the
energy of the zero degree calorimeter. Predictions for RHIC are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73943 </DOCNO>
Ising-like dynamical signatures and the end-point of the QCD transition


  An increase in the size of coherent domains in the one component $\Phi^4$
field theory under the influence of a uniformly changing external magnetic
field near the critical end-point $T_{\Phi}=T_c, h_{\Phi}=0$ was proposed
recently as an estimate also for the variation of the chiral correlation length
of QCD near its respective hypothetical end point in the $T_{QCD}-\mu_{QCD}$
plane. The present detailed numerical investigation of the effective model
suggests that passing by the critical QCD end point with realistic rate of
temperature change will trigger large amplitude oscillations in the temporal
variation of the chiral correlation length. A simple mechanism for producing
this phenomenon is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127274 </DOCNO>
Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies: Atlas of Near-Infrared Images


  A sample of 27 ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) systems has been imaged
at 1.6 microns using the HST Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer
(NICMOS). These ULIRGs are from a larger sample also imaged with HST in the
I-band. Images and catalog information for the NICMOS subsample, as well as
brief morphological descriptions of each system are presented. Inspection of
the infrared images and a comparison with optical images of these systems shows
that at least 85% are obviously composed of two or more galaxies involved in a
close interaction or merger event, with as many as 93% showing some signs of
interaction history. Approximately 37% of the systems show either spectroscopic
or morphological characteristics of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The
infrared morphologies of these systems are generally less complicated or
disturbed than their optical morphologies, indicating that some of the
small-scale features seen in optical images are likely due to complicated
patterns of dust obscuration, as well as widely distributed star formation
activity. In some systems the high-resolution HST infrared images have revealed
nuclear remnants that are obscured or unidentified in ground-based imaging,
which has led to changes in previously determined interaction stage
classifications or system content. In general, however, the NICMOS images
support previous conclusions from previous HST optical imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41093 </DOCNO>
Search for First-Generation Scalar and Vector Leptoquarks


  We describe a search for the pair production of first-generation scalar and
vector leptoquarks in the eejj and enujj channels by the D0 Collaboration. The
data are from the 1992--1996 ppbar run at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV at the Fermilab
Tevatron collider. We find no evidence for leptoquark production; in addition,
no kinematically interesting events are observed using relaxed selection
criteria. The results from the eejj and enujj channels are combined with those
from a previous D0 analysis of the nunujj channel to obtain 95% confidence
level (C.L.) upper limits on the leptoquark pair-production cross section as a
function of mass and of beta, the branching fraction to a charged lepton. These
limits are compared to next-to-leading-order theory to set 95% C.L. lower
limits on the mass of a first-generation scalar leptoquark of 225, 204, and 79
GeV/c^2 for beta=1, 1/2, and 0, respectively. For vector leptoquarks with gauge
(Yang-Mills) couplings, 95% C.L. lower limits of 345, 337, and 206 GeV/c^2 are
set on the mass for beta=1, 1/2, and 0, respectively. Mass limits for vector
leptoquarks are also set for anomalous vector couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123896 </DOCNO>
The Initial Mass Function and its Variation


  The observed distribution of IMF shapes can be understood as statistical
sampling from a universal IMF and variations that result from stellar-dynamical
processes. However, young star clusters appear to have an IMF biased towards
low-mass stars when compared to the Galactic disk IMF, which comprises an
average populated by star-formation episodes occurring Gyrs ago. In addition to
this tentative but exciting deduction, this text outlines some of the stumbling
blocks hindering the production of rigorous IMF determinations, and discusses
the most robust evidence for structure in it. Also, it is stressed that an
invariant IMF should not be expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75389 </DOCNO>
The DVCS Measurement at HERA


  The recent results of the studies of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS)
events at HERA are presented. The possibility offered by this process to gain
information about skewed parton distributions (SPD) is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86279 </DOCNO>
Scaling Solutions and reconstruction of Scalar Field Potentials


  Starting from the hypothesis of scaling solutions, the general exact form of
the scalar field potential is found. In the case of two fluids, it turns out to
be a negative power of hyperbolic sine. In the case of three fluids the
analytic form is not found, but is obtained by quadratures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128990 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos from active galactic nuclei as a diagnostic tool


  Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are known as sources of high energy gamma-rays.
The emission probably results from non-thermal radiation of relativistic jets
belonging to the AGN. Earlier investigations of these processes have suggested
that neutrinos are among the radiation products of the jets and may be used to
discriminate between hadrons and leptons as primary particles for the
production of the high energy emission. It is shown that the neutrino flux is
correlated with the flux of TeV gamma-rays. This allows to distinctly search
for neutrino emissions from the jets of AGN by using the TeV gamma-ray light
curves to drastically reduce the temporal and spatial parameter space. Given
the observed TeV photon fluxes from nearby BL Lacs the neutrino signal from AGN
may be detectable with future neutrino observatories as least as sensitive as
IceCube.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3520 </DOCNO>
Why Quantum Phase Transitions Are Interesting


  This paper discusses why the usual notion that quantum phase transitions can
be mapped onto classical phase transitions in a higher dimension, and that this
makes the former uninteresting from a fundamental theoretical point of view, is
in general misleading. It is shown that quantum phase transitions are often
qualitatively different from their classical counterparts due to (1)
long-ranged effective interactions that are induced by soft modes, and (2) in
the presence of quenched disorder, an extreme anisotropy of space-time. These
points are illustrated using various magnetic phase transitions as examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86879 </DOCNO>
Finite group discretization of Yang-Mills and Einstein actions


  Discrete versions of the Yang-Mills and Einstein actions are proposed for any
finite group. These actions are invariant respectively under local gauge
transformations, and under the analogues of Lorentz and general coordinate
transformations. The case Z_n \times Z_n \times...\times Z_n is treated in some
detail, recovering the Wilson action for Yang-Mills theories, and a new
discretized action for gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167936 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear optics with less than one photon


  We demonstrate suppression and enhancement of spontaneous parametric down-
conversion via quantum interference with two weak fields from a local
oscillator (LO). Pairs of LO photons are observed to upconvert with high
efficiency for appropriate phase settings, exhibiting an effective nonlinearity
enhanced by at least 10 orders of magnitude. This constitutes a two-photon
switch, and promises to be useful for a variety of nonlinear optical effects at
the quantum level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5649 </DOCNO>
Interaction corrections at intermediate temperatures: magneto-resistance


  We consider the correction to conductivity of a 2D electron gas due to
electron-electron interaction in the parallel magnetic field at arbitrary
relation between temperature and the elastic mean free time. The correction
exhibits non-trivial dependence on both temperature and the field. This
dependence is determined by the Fermi liquid constant, which accounts for the
spin-exchange interaction. In particular, the sign of the slope of the
temperature dependence is not universal and can change with the increase of the
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97284 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic properties of the adjacency matrix of quadriculated disks


  Let \Delta be a bicolored quadriculated disk. We prove that the
black-to-white matrix B_\Delta admits a L(~D)U decomposition where L and U are
lower and upper triangular matrices and ~D is a block defective identity matrix
so that all the entries of L, ~D and U are 0, 1 or -1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72528 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading Order Calculation of Associated Production of Gauginos


  Results are presented of a next-to-leading order calculation in perturbative
QCD of the production of charginos and neutralinos in association with gluinos
at hadron colliders. Predictions for total and differential cross sections are
shown at the energies of the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider
for a typical supergravity model of the sparticle mass spectrum and for a light
gluino model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114479 </DOCNO>
Hadron spectra from a non-relativistic model with confining harmonic


  Hadron spectra and other properties of quark systems are studied in the
framework of a non-relativistic spin-independent phenomenological model. The
confining potential is chosen as an harmonic one, which allowed to obtain
analytical solutions for both meson and baryon (of equal constituent quarks)
spectra. The introduced parameters are fixed from the low-lying levels of the
heavy quark mesons. The requirement of flavor independence is imposed and it
restricts the possible choices of the potentials, that having an harmonic
confining part, could be complemented by a non-harmonic term without destroying
the analytical solution. The hyper-spherical coordinates are considered for the
solution of the three body problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76946 </DOCNO>
Testing Supersymmetry in the Associated Production of CP-odd and Charged


  In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the masses of the
charged Higgs boson ($H^\pm$) and the CP-odd scalar ($A$) are related by
$M_{H^+}^2=M_A^2+m_W^2$. Furthermore, because the coupling of $W^-$-$A$-$H^+$
is fixed by gauge interaction, the tree level production rate of $q \bar q' \to
W^{\pm \ast} \to A H^\pm$ depends only on one supersymmetry parameter --the
mass ($M_A$) of $A$. We show that to a good approximation this conclusion also
holds at the one-loop level. Consequently, this process can be used to
distinguish MSSM from its alternatives (such as a general two-Higgs-doublet
model) by verifying the above mass relation, and to test the prediction of the
MSSM on the product of the decay branching ratios of $A$ and $H^\pm$ in terms
of only one single parameter -- $M_A$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1763 </DOCNO>
Landau Level Crossings and Extended-State Mapping in Magnetic


  We present longitudinal and Hall magneto-resistance measurements of a
``magnetic'' two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed in modulation-doped
Zn$_{1-x-y}$Cd$_{x}$Mn$_{y}$Se quantum wells. The electron spin splitting is
temperature and magnetic field dependent, resulting in striking features as
Landau levels of opposite spin cross near the Fermi level. Magnetization
measurements on the same sample probe the total density of states and Fermi
energy, allowing us to fit the transport data using a model involving extended
states centered at each Landau level and two-channel conduction for spin-up and
spin-down electrons. A mapping of the extended states over the whole quantum
Hall effect regime shows no floating of extended states as Landau levels cross
near the Fermi level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97384 </DOCNO>
The honeycomb model of GL(n) tensor products II: Puzzles determine


  The set of possible spectra (\lambda,\mu,\nu) of zero-sum triples of
Hermitian matrices forms a polyhedral cone. We give a complete determination of
its facets, finishing a long story with recent highlights by [Helmke-Rosenthal,
Klyachko, Belkale]. We introduce_puzzles_, which are new combinatorial gadgets
to compute Grassmannian Schubert calculus, and will probably be the main point
of interest for many readers. As the proofs indicate, the Hermitian sum problem
is very naturally studied using puzzles directly, and their connection to
Schubert calculus is quite incidental to our approach. In particular, we get
new, puzzle-theoretic, proofs of the results in [H,Kly,HR,Be]. Along the way we
give a characterization of ``rigid'' puzzles, which we use to prove a
conjecture of W. Fulton: ``if for a triple of dominant weights \lambda,\mu,\nu
of GL(n,C) the irreducible representation V_\nu appears exactly once in
V_\lambda tensor V_\mu, then for all N\in \naturals, V_{N\lambda} appears
exactly once in V_{N\lambda} tensor V_{N\mu}.''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6797 </DOCNO>
Scaling Limit of Vicious Walkers, Gaussian Random Matrix Ensembles, and


  We study systems of interacting Brownian particles in one dimension
constructed as the diffusion scaling limits of Fisher's vicious walk models. We
define two types of nonintersecting Brownian motions, in which we impose no
condition (resp. nonintersecting condition forever) in the future for the
first-type (resp. second-type). It is shown that, when all particles start from
the origin, their positions at time 1 in the first-type (resp. at time 1/2 in
the second-type) process are identically distributed with the eigenvalues of
Gaussian orthogonal (resp.unitary) random matrices. The second-type process is
described by the stochastic differential equations of the Dyson-type Brownian
motions with repulsive two-body forces proportional to the inverse of
distances. The present study demonstrates that the spatio-temporal coarse
graining of random walk models with contact interactions can provide many-body
systems with long-range interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148562 </DOCNO>
Smirnov-type integral formulae for correlation functions of the


  Presented are the integral solutions to the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov
equations for the correlation functions of both the bulk and boundary XXZ
models in the anti-ferromagnetic regime. The difference equations can be
derived from Smirnov-type master equations for correlation functions on the
basis of the CTM bootstrap. Our integral solutions with an appropriate choice
of the integral kernel reproduce the formulae previously obtained by using the
bosonization of the vertex operators of the quantum affine algebra $U_q
(\hat{\mathfrak{sl}_2})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81067 </DOCNO>
B meson decay constant from two-flavor lattice QCD with non-relativistic


  We present a study of leptonic $B$ meson decay constants in lattice QCD with
two flavors ($N_f=2$) of light dynamical quarks using NRQCD for the heavy
quark. Gauge configurations are generated with a renormalization-group improved
gauge action and a meanfield-improved clover light quark action. Measurements
are carried out at two values of $\beta=6/g^2$, each for four sea quark masses,
corresponding to the inverse lattice spacing $a^{-1}\approx 1.3$ and 1.8 GeV in
the chiral limit of sea quark. The continuum values of the decay constants are
derived by evaluating the discretization errors at each finite lattice spacing.
We find $f_B^{N_f=2}=204(8)(29)(+44) $ MeV, $f_{B_s}^{N_f=2} = 242(9)(34)(+38)$
MeV, and $f_{B_s}^{N_f=2}/f_B^{N_f=2} = 1.179(18)(23)$, where the errors listed
are statistical, systematic and uncertainty due to choice of the physical
quantity used to fix the scale. Comparison is made to quenched results
($N_f=0$) obtained with the same action combination and matching lattice
spacings. We find $f_B^{N_f=2}/f_B^{N_f=0}=1.07(5)$,
$f_{B_s}^{N_f=2}/f_{B_s}^{N_f=0}=1.10(5)$ and
$(f_{B_s}/f_B)^{N_f=2}/(f_{B_s}/f_B)^{N_f=0}=1.03(2)$, which indicates a 5--10%
increase in the values of the decay constants, but no appreciable change in the
ratio $f_{B_s}/f_B$, due to sea quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86940 </DOCNO>
Radiation from Violently Accelerated Bodies


  A determination is made of the radiation emitted by a linearly uniformly
accelerated uncharged dipole transmitter. It is found that, first of all, the
radiation rate is given by the familiar Larmor formula, but it is augmented by
an amount which becomes dominant for sufficiently high acceleration. For an
accelerated dipole oscillator, the criterion is that the center of mass motion
become relativistic within one oscillation period. The augmented formula and
the measurements which it summarizes presuppose an expanding inertial
observation frame. A static inertial reference frame will not do. Secondly, it
is found that the radiation measured in the expanding inertial frame is
received with 100% fidelity. There is no blueshift or redshift due to the
accelerative motion of the transmitter. Finally, it is found that a pair of
coherently radiating oscillators accelerating (into opposite directions) in
their respective causally disjoint Rindler-coordinatized sectors produces an
interference pattern in the expanding inertial frame. Like the pattern of a
Young double slit interferometer, this Rindler interferometer pattern has a
fringe spacing which is inversely proportional to the proper separation and the
proper frequency of the accelerated sources. The interferometer, as well as the
augmented Larmor formula, provide a unifying perspective. It joins adjacent
Rindler-coordinatized neighborhoods into a single spacetime arena for
scattering and radiation from accelerated bodies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97292 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Cohomological Field Theory and GMS soliton


  We show that it is possible to construct a quantum field theory that is
invariant under the translation of the noncommutative parameter
$\theta_{\mu\nu}$. This is realized in a noncommutative cohomological field
theory. As an example, a noncommutative cohomological scalar field theory is
constructed, and its partition function is calculated. The partition function
is the Euler number of Gopakumar, Minwalla and Strominger (GMS) soliton space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148421 </DOCNO>
Electric-Magnetic Duality in Supergravity


  I review electric-magnetic duality from the perspective of extended
supergravity theories in four spacetime dimensions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149509 </DOCNO>
Determinant Line Bundles and Topological Invariants of Hyperbolic


  We give some remarks on twisted determinant line bundles and Chern-Simons
topological invariants associated with real hyperbolic manifolds. Index of a
twisted Dirac operator is derived. We discuss briefly application of obtained
results in topological quantum field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4787 </DOCNO>
Tunneling of magnetization versus spin-phonon and spin-spin transitions


  Strong hyperfine coupling in a 0.2% Holmium doped LiYF_4 single crystal
induces staircaselike hysteresis loops of the magnetization at very low
temperatures. The field sweep rate dependence of hysteresis loops allows the
study of two different regimes in the magnetic relaxation of these weakly
coupled magnetic moments. At slow field sweep rates, quantum tunneling of the
magnetization occurs at avoided level crossings in the low-energy scheme of a
single ion Ho^3+. At faster sweep rates, nonequilibrated spin-phonon and
spin-spin transitions, mediated by weak dipolar interactions, lead to
magnetization oscillations and additional steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84057 </DOCNO>
Universal Model for Paraphrasing -- Using Transformation Based on a


  This paper describes a universal model for paraphrasing that transforms
according to defined criteria. We showed that by using different criteria we
could construct different kinds of paraphrasing systems including one for
answering questions, one for compressing sentences, one for polishing up, and
one for transforming written language to spoken language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168969 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of open quantum systems initially entangled with environment:


  We present a general analysis of the role of initial correlations between the
open system and an environment on quantum dynamics of the open system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1725 </DOCNO>
Hole-hole correlation effects on magnetic properties of


  The mean-field theory represents a useful starting point for studying
carrier-induced ferromagnetism in Mn$_x$III$_{1-x}$V diluted magnetic
semiconductors. A detail description of these systems requires to include
correlations in the many-body hole system. We discuss the effects of
correlations among itinerant carriers on magnetic properties of bulk
Mn$_x$III$_{1-x}$V and magnetic semiconductor quantum wells. Presented results
were obtained using parabolic band approximation and we also derive a many-body
perturbation technique that allows to account for hole-hole correlations in
realistic semiconductor valence bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73010 </DOCNO>
Chiral fermions and gauge-fixing in five-dimensional theories


  We study in detail the issue of gauge-fixing in theories with one universal
extra dimension, i.e. theories where both bosons and fermions display
Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations. The extra dimension is compactified using the
standard orbifold construction for a massless chiral fermion. We carry out the
gauge-fixing procedure at the level of the five-dimensional theory and
determine the tree-level propagators and interaction vertices needed for
performing perturbative calculations with the effective four-dimensional theory
resulting after the compactification. The gauge-independence of the tree-level
S-matrix involving massive KK modes is verified using specific examples. In
order to obtain massive fermionic zero modes one has to enlarge the theory by
introducing a set of mirror fermions, a construction which is carried out in
detail. Finally, the gauge-independence of the tree-level S-matrix involving
the resulting new mass-eigenstates is proved by resorting to generalized
current conservation equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98883 </DOCNO>
Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and the binomial distribution


  A class of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are derived from the properties of
conditional probability using the binomial distribution. In particular, in the
case of $l=l_1+l_2$ it is shown that $$[<l_1/2-k_1, l_2/2-k_2|l/2,
k=k_1+k_2]>^2 =\frac{(\begin{array}{c} l_1 k_1\end{array}) (\begin{array}{c}l_2
k_2\end{array})}{(\begin{array}{c}l k \end{array})}$$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5053 </DOCNO>
Critical Behaviour of Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions to Magnetically


  We describe non-equilibrium phase transitions in arrays of dynamical systems
with cubic nonlinearity driven by multiplicative Gaussian white noise.
Depending on the sign of the spatial coupling we observe transitions to
ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic ordered states. We discuss the phase
diagram, the order of the transitions, and the critical behaviour. For global
coupling we show analytically that the critical exponent of the magnetization
exhibits a transition from the value 1/2 to a non-universal behaviour depending
on the ratio of noise strength to the magnitude of the spatial coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86709 </DOCNO>
Stationary Electromagnetic Fields of a Slowly Rotating Magnetized


  Following the general formalism presented by Rezzolla, Ahmedov and Miller
(MNRAS, 322, 723 2001), we here derive analytic solutions of the
electromagnetic fields equations in the internal and external background
spacetime of a slowly rotating highly conducting magnetized neutron star. The
star is assumed to be isolated and in vacuum, with a dipolar magnetic field not
aligned with the axis of rotation. Our results indicate that the
electromagnetic fields of a slowly rotating neutron star are modified by
general relativistic effects arising from both the monopolar and the dipolar
parts of the gravitational field. The results presented here differ from the
ones discussed by Rezzolla, Ahmedov and Miller (MNRAS, 322, 723 2001) mainly in
that we here consider the interior magnetic field to be dipolar with the same
radial dependence as the external one. While this assumption might not be a
realistic one, it should be seen as the application of our formalism to a case
often discussed in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97775 </DOCNO>
Grothendieck's Theorem for Operator Spaces


  We prove several versions of Grothendieck's Theorem for completely bounded
linear maps $T\colon E \to F^*$, when E and F are operator spaces. We prove
that if E,F are $C^*$-algebras, of which at least one is exact, then every
completely bounded $T\colon E \to F^*$ can be factorized through the direct sum
of the row and column Hilbert operator spaces. Equivalently T can be decomposed
as $T=T_r+T_c$ where $T_r$ (resp. $T_c$) factors completely boundedly through a
row (resp. column) Hilbert operator space. This settles positively (at least
partially) some earlier conjectures of Effros-Ruan and Blecher on the
factorization of completely bounded bilinear forms on $C^*$-algebras. Moreover,
our result holds more generally for any pair E,F of "exact" operator spaces.
This yields a characterization of the completely bounded maps from a
$C^*$-algebra (or from an exact operator space) to the operator Hilbert space
OH. As a corollary we prove that, up to a complete isomorphism, the row and
column Hilbert operator spaces and their direct sums are the only operator
spaces E such that both E and its dual $E^*$ are exact. We also characterize
the Schur multipliers which are completely bounded from the space of compact
operators to the trace class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149892 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Superstrings II, The Chiral Measure on Moduli Space


  A detailed derivation from first principles is given for the unambiguous and
slice-independent formula for the two-loop superstring chiral measure which was
announced in the first paper of this series. Supergeometries are projected onto
their super period matrices, and the integration over odd supermoduli is
performed by integrating over the fibers of this projection. The subtleties
associated with this procedure are identified. They require the inclusion of
some new finite-dimensional Jacobian superdeterminants, a deformation of the
worldsheet correlation functions using the stress tensor, and perhaps
paradoxically, another additional gauge choice, ``slice \hat\mu choice'', whose
independence also has to be established. This is done using an important
correspondence between superholomorphic notions with respect to a supergeometry
and holomorphic notions with respect to its super period matrix. Altogether,
the subtleties produce precisely the corrective terms which restore the
independence of the resulting gauge-fixed formula under infinitesimal changes
of gauge-slice. This independence is a key criterion for any gauge-fixed
formula and hence is verified in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126070 </DOCNO>
The stellar content of the Hamburg/ESO survey. II. A large,


  We present a sample of 403 faint high latitude carbon (FHLC) stars selected
from the digitized objective prism plates of the Hamburg/ESO Survey (HES).
Because of the ~15 Angstroem spectral resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio
of the HES prism spectra, our automated procedure based on the detection of C_2
and CN molecular bands permits high-confidence identification of carbon stars
without the need for follow-up spectroscopy. From a set of 329 plates (87% of
the survey), covering 6400 square degrees to a magnitude limit of V~16.5, we
analyze the selection efficiency and effective surface area of the HES FHLC
survey to date. The surface density of FHLC stars that we detect (0.072 +/-
0.005 square degrees) is 2-4 times higher than that of previous objective prism
and CCD surveys at high galactic latitude, even though those surveys claimed a
limiting magnitude up to 1.5 magnitudes fainter. This attests to the highest
selection sensitivity yet achieved for these types of stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179474 </DOCNO>
Pseudoscalar and vector meson production in NN collisions


  Heavy meson production in nucleon-nucleon collisions is discussed within a
meson exchange model of hadronic interactions, paying special attention to the
basic dynamics that determine the behavior of the cross sections near the
threshold energy. The pp-->pp\phi reaction is discussed as an example of the
production of vector mesons in NN collisions. For the pseudoscalar meson
production, results for the \eta production in both the pp and pn collisions
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98502 </DOCNO>
A strange example concerning Property N_p


  We exhibit an example of a line bundle M on a smooth complex projective
variety Y s.t. M satisfy Property N_p for some p, the p-module of a minimal
resolution of the ideal of the embedding of Y by M is nonzero and M^2 does not
satisfy Property N_p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41092 </DOCNO>
First Observation of barB0 to D*0 pi+pi+pi-pi- Decays


  We report on the observation of B0bar -> D*0 pi+ pi+ pi- pi- decays. The
branching ratio is (0.30 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.06)%. Interest in this particular mode
was sparked by Ligeti, Luke and Wise who propose it as a way to check the
validity of factorization tests in B0bar -> D*+ pi+ pi- pi- pi0 decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124752 </DOCNO>
Limits Due to Instrumental Polarisation in CMB Experiments at Microwave


  An extended analysis of some instrumental polarisation sources has been done,
as a consequence of the renewed interest in extremely sensitive polarisation
measurements stimulated by Cosmic Microwave Background experiments. The case of
correlation polarimeters, being them more suitable than other configurations,
has been studied in detail and the algorithm has been derived to calculate
their intrinsic sensitivity limit due to device characteristics as well as to
the operating environment. The atmosphere emission, even though totally
unpolarised, has been recognized to be the most important source of sensitivity
degradation for ground based experiments. This happens through receiver
component losses (mainly in the OMT), which generate instrumental polarisation
in genuinely uncorrelated signals. The relevant result is that, also in best
conditions (cfr. Antarctica), integration times longer than ~40s are not
allowed on ground without modulation techniques. Finally, basic rules to
estimate the maximum modulation period for each instrumental configuration have
been provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150209 </DOCNO>
A Broken Gauge Approach to Gravitational Mass and Charge


  We argue that a spontaneous breakdown of local Weyl invariance offers a
mechanism in which gravitational interactions contribute to the generation of
particle masses and their electric charge. The theory is formulated in terms of
a spacetime geometry whose natural connection has both dynamic torsion and
non-metricity. Its structure illuminates the role of dynamic scales used to
determine measurable aspects of particle interactions and it predicts an
additional neutral vector boson with electroweak properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85858 </DOCNO>
Evidence For Intrinsic Magnetic Moments in Black Hole Candidates


  We present evidence that the power law part of the quiescent x-ray emissions
of neutron stars in low mass x-ray binaries is magnetospheric in origin. It can
be very accurately calculated from known rates of spin and magnetic moments
determined from the the $\sim 10^{3 - 4}$ times brighter luminosity at the
transition to the hard spectral state. This strongly suggests that the spectral
state transition for neutron stars is a magnetospheric propeller effect. We
test the hypothesis that the similar spectral state switches and quiescent
power law emissions of the black hole candidates might also be magnetospheric
effects. In the process we derive proposed magnetic moments and rates of spin
for them and accurately predict their quiescent luminosities. This constitutes
an observational test for the physical realization of event horizons and
suggests that they may not be formed during the gravitational collapse of
ordinary matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97765 </DOCNO>
Tight distance-regular graphs


  We consider a distance-regular graph $\G$ with diameter $d \ge 3$ and
eigenvalues $k=\theta_0>\theta_1>... >\theta_d$. We show the intersection
numbers $a_1, b_1$ satisfy $$ (\theta_1 + {k \over a_1+1}) (\theta_d + {k \over
a_1+1}) \ge - {ka_1b_1 \over (a_1+1)^2}. $$ We say $\G$ is {\it tight} whenever
$\G$ is not bipartite, and equality holds above. We characterize the tight
property in a number of ways. For example, we show $\G$ is tight if and only if
the intersection numbers are given by certain rational expressions involving
$d$ independent parameters. We show $\G$ is tight if and only if $a_1\not=0$,
$a_d=0$, and $\G$ is 1-homogeneous in the sense of Nomura. We show $\G$ is
tight if and only if each local graph is connected strongly-regular, with
nontrivial eigenvalues $-1-b_1(1+\theta_1)^{-1}$ and $-1-b_1(1+\theta_d)^{-1}$.
Three infinite families and nine sporadic examples of tight distance-regular
graphs are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4850 </DOCNO>
Spin dynamics from time-dependent spin density-functional theory


  We derive the spin-wave dynamics of a magnetic material from the
time-dependent spin density functional theory in the linear response regime.
The equation of motion for the magnetization includes, besides the static spin
stiffness, a "Berry curvature" correction and a damping term. A gradient
expansion scheme based on the homogeneous spin-polarized electron gas is
proposed for the latter two quantities, and the first few coefficients of the
expansion are calculated to second order in the Coulomb interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86744 </DOCNO>
General Brane Dynamics with R_{4} term in the Bulk


  A general analysis of the induced brane dynamics is performed when the
intrinsic curvature term is included in the action. Such a term is known to
cause dramatic changes and is generically induced by quantum corrections coming
from the bulk gravity and its coupling with matter living on the brane. The
induced brane dynamics is shown to be the usual Einstein dynamics coupled to a
well defined modified energy-momentum tensor. In cosmology, conventional
general relativity revives for an initial era whose duration depends on the
value of the five-dimensional Planck mass. Violations of energy conditions may
be possible, as well as matter inhomogeneities on the brane in (A)dS_{5} or
Minkowski backgrounds. A new anisotropic cosmological solution is given in the
above context. This solution, for a fine-tuned five-dimensional cosmological
constant, exhibits an intermediate accelerating phase which is followed by an
era corresponding to a 4D perfect fluid solution with no future horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149445 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetries and Gauge Natural Theories


  We discuss the gauge natural formulation of supersymmetric theories and
supergravity, with the aim to show that the standard and the supersymmetric
frameworks admit in fact a unifying mathematical language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77052 </DOCNO>
Expansion of bound state energies in powers of m/M and (1-m/M)


  Elaborating on a previous letter, we use a new approach to compute energy
levels of a non-relativistic bound-state of two constituents, with masses m and
M, by systematic expansions - one in powers of m/M and another in powers of
(1-m/M). Technical aspects of the calculations are described in detail.
Theoretical predictions are given for O(alpha(Z*alpha)^5) radiative recoil and
O((Z*alpha)^6) pure recoil corrections to the average energy shift and
hyperfine splitting relevant for hydrogen, muonic hydrogen, and muonium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149019 </DOCNO>
On the origin of divergences in massless $QED_2$


  We show that ultraviolet divergences found in fermionic Green's functions of
massless $QED_2$ have an essentially non-perturbative nature. We investigate
their origin both in gauge invariant formalism (the one where we introduce
Wess-Zumino fields to restore quantum gauge invariance) and in gauge
non-invariant formalism, mapping two different but equivalent mechanisms
responsible for their appearance. We find the same results in both approaches,
what contradicts a previous work of Jian-Ge, Qing-Hai and Yao-Yang, that found
no divergences in the chiral Schwinger model considered in the gauge invariant
formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83938 </DOCNO>
Recognizing When Heuristics Can Approximate Minimum Vertex Covers Is


  For both the edge deletion heuristic and the maximum-degree greedy heuristic,
we study the problem of recognizing those graphs for which that heuristic can
approximate the size of a minimum vertex cover within a constant factor of r,
where r is a fixed rational number. Our main results are that these problems
are complete for the class of problems solvable via parallel access to NP. To
achieve these main results, we also show that the restriction of the vertex
cover problem to those graphs for which either of these heuristics can find an
optimal solution still is NP-hard.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168199 </DOCNO>
Quantum theory and the role of mind in nature


  Orthodox Copenhagen quantum theory renounces the quest to understand the
reality in which we are imbedded, and settles for practical rules describing
connections between our observations. Many physicist have regarded this
renunciation of our effort to describe nature herself as premature, and John
von Neumann reformulated quantum theory as a theory of an evolving objective
universe interacting with human consciousness. This interaction is associated
both in Copenhagen quantum theory and in von Neumann quantum theory with a
sudden change that brings the objective physical state of a system in line with
a subjectively felt psychical reality. The objective physical state is thereby
converted from a material substrate to an informational and dispositional
substrate that carries both the information incorporated into it by the
psychical realities, and certain dispositions for the occurrence of future
psychical realities. The present work examines and proposes solutions to two
problems that have appeared to block the development of this conception of
nature. The first problem is how to reconcile this theory with the principles
of relativistic quantum field theory; the second problem is to understand
whether, strictly within quantum theory, a person's mind can affect the
activities of his brain, and if so how. Solving the first problem involves
resolving a certain nonlocality question. The proposed solution to the second
problem is based on a postulated connection between effort, attention, and the
quantum Zeno effect. This solution explains on the basis of quantum physics a
large amount of heretofore unexplained data amassed by psychologists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129639 </DOCNO>
HST Spectroscopy of the Nucleus of M33


  We have used Hubble Space Telescope to obtain moderate resolution 1150-5700
Ang. spectroscopy of the nucleus of M33 and a blue star ~1 arcsec NNW of the
nucleus in an attempt to find the optical counterpart of the nuclear X-ray
source and to characterize stellar populations in the nuclear region. The STIS
spectra of the nucleus can be modelled in terms of two starbursts, one with a
mass of about 9000 solar masses at 40 Myrs and the other with a mass of about
76,000 solar masses at 1 Gyrs. The blue star is a late type O giant, with no
obvious spectral anomalies to indicate that it is associated with the luminous
X-ray source. The nuclear region is not heavily reddened; 2200 Ang absorption
features in the spectra of both the nucleus and the star are weak. The data and
the star formation history support the hypothesis that the M33 nuclear source,
the brightest persistent source in the Local group, is an ~10 solar mass black
hole binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75840 </DOCNO>
Affleck-Dine Leptogenesis and Low Scale Inflation


  We study Affleck-Dine leptogenesis via the L H_u flat direction in
supersymmetric theories. We find that the baryon asymmetry is enhanced when the
energy scale of the inflation is sufficiently low. Especially, we consider
models of low scale inflation in which the Hubble parameter during inflation is
comparable to (but slightly larger than) the gravitino mass m_{3/2} \sim 1
\TeV. The observed cosmological baryon asymmetry is obtained with the lightest
neutrino mass m_{\nu_1} \sim 10^{-4} eV, if the reheating process is suddenly
terminated after inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169084 </DOCNO>
Coherent Decays of Atoms


  The prolongation and shortening of lifetimes of atoms due to quantum
coherence between atoms is examined. These effects are shown to follow simply
from the unitarity of time evolution. Possible experiments to detect these
effects are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168207 </DOCNO>
Maximal Violation of Bell's Inequalities for Continuous Variable Systems


  We generalize Bell's inequalities to biparty systems with continuous quantum
variables. This is achieved by introducing the Bell operator in perfect analogy
to the usual spin-1/2 systems. It is then demonstrated that two-mode squeezed
vacuum states display quantum nonlocality by using the generalized Bell
operator. In particular, the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled states,
which are the limiting case of the two-mode squeezed vacuum states, can
maximally violate Bell's inequality due to Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt.
The experimental aspect of our scheme and nonlocality of arbitrary biparticle
entangled pure states of continuous variables are briefly considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74712 </DOCNO>
The Process \gamma^{*}_L+ q \to q\bar{q}g + q: Real Corrections to the


  We calculate, for the longitudinally polarized virtual photon, the cross
section of the process \gamma^{*}+q\to (q\bar{q}g)+q at high energies with a
large rapidity gap between the fragmentation system q\bar{q}g and the other
quark. This process provides the real corrections of the virtual photon impact
factor in the next-to leading order. Evidence is given for the appearance of a
new q\bar{q}g Fock-component of the photon state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127152 </DOCNO>
Observational Prospects for Afterglows of Short Duration Gamma-ray


  If the efficiency for producing $\gamma$-rays is the same in short duration
($\siml 2$ s) Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) as in long duration GRBs, then the
average kinetic energy of short GRBs must be $\sim 20$ times less than that of
long GRBs. Assuming further that the relativistic shocks in short and long
duration GRBs have similar parameters, we show that the afterglows of short
GRBs will be on average 10--40 times dimmer than those of long GRBs. We find
that the afterglow of a typical short GRB will be below the detection limit
($\siml 10 \microJy$) of searches at radio frequencies. The afterglow would be
difficult to observe also in the optical, where we predict $R \simg 23$ a few
hours after the burst. The radio and optical afterglow would be even fainter if
short GRBs occur in a low-density medium, as expected in NS-NS and NS-BH
merger models. The best prospects for detecting short-GRB afterglows are with
early ($\siml 1$ day) observations in X-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73424 </DOCNO>
Confinement, Chiral Symmetry Breaking, and Axial Anomaly from Domain


  Based on general renormalization group arguments, Polyakov's loop-space
formalism, and recent analytical lattice arguments, suggesting, after Abelian
gauge fixing, a description of pure gluodynamics by means of a Georgi-Glashow
like model, the corresponding vacuum fields are defined in a non-local way.
Using lattice information on the gauge invariant field strength correlator in
full QCD, the resolution scale $\La_b$, at which these fields become relevant
in the vacuum, is determined. For SU(3) gauge theory it is found that
$\La_b\sim$ 2.4 GeV, 3.1 GeV, and 4.2 GeV for ($N_F=4, m_q=18$ MeV), ($N_F=4,
m_q=36$ MeV), and pure gluodynamics, repectively. Implications for the operator
product expansion of physical correlators are discussed. It is argued that the
emergence of magnetic (anti)monopoles in the vacuum at resolution $\La_b$ is a
direct consequence of the randomness in the formation of a low entropy Higgs
condensate. This implies a breaking of chiral symmetry and a proliferation of
the axial U(1) anomaly at this scale already. Justifying Abelian projection, a
decoupling of non-Abelian gauge field fluctuations from the dynamics occurs.
The condensation of (anti)monopoles at $\La_c<\La_b$ follows from the demand
that vacuum fields ought to have vanishing action at any resolution. As
monopoles condense they are reduced to their cores, and hence they become
massless. Apparently broken gauge symmetries at resolutions $\La_c<\La\le\La_b$
are restored in this process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81221 </DOCNO>
Manifestation of Confinement in the Gluon propagator


  The gluon propagator in Landau gauge is calculated on the lattice for SU(2)
gauge theory. In particular the manifestation of confinement in the gluon
propagator is studied. Removing the confining center vortices from the
Yang-Mills ensemble leads to a drastic reduction of the gluonic form factor in
the intermediate momentum regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6131 </DOCNO>
Analytical and numerical study of hardcore bosons in two dimensions


  We study various properties of bosons in two dimensions interacting only via
onsite hardcore repulsion. In particular, we use the lattice spin-wave
approximation to calculate the ground state energy, the density, the condensate
density and the superfluid density in terms of the chemical potential. We also
calculate the excitation spectrum, $\omega({\bf k})$. In addition, we performed
high precision numerical simulations using the stochastic series expansion
algorithm. We find that the spin-wave results describe extremely well the
numerical results over the {\it whole} density range $0\leq \rho \leq 1$. We
also compare the lattice spin-wave results with continuum results obtained by
summing the ladder diagrams at low density. We find that for $\rho \leq 0.1$
there is good agreement, and that the difference between the two methods
vanishes as $\rho^2$ for $\rho \to 0$. This offers the possibility of obtaining
precise continuum results by taking the continuum limit of the spin-wave
results for all densities. Finaly, we studied numerically the finite
temperature phase transition for the entire density range and compared with low
density predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3999 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of self-organized criticality


  We introduce two sandpile models which show the same behavior of real
sandpiles, that is, an almost self-organized critical behavior for small
systems and the dominance of large avalanches as the system size increases. The
systems become fully self-organized critical, with the critical exponents of
the Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld model, as the system parameters are changed,
showing that these systems can make a bridge between the well known theoretical
and numerical results and what is observed in real experiments. We find that a
simple mechanism determines the boundary where self-organized can or cannot
exist, which is the presence of local chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74923 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions to Pauli-Villars-regulated field theories


  We present a new class of quantum field theories which are exactly solvable.
The theories are generated by introducing Pauli-Villars fermionic and bosonic
fields with masses degenerate with the physical positive metric fields. An
algorithm is given to compute the spectrum and corresponding eigensolutions. We
also give the operator solution for a particular case and use it to illustrate
some of the tenets of light-cone quantization. Since the solutions of the
solvable theory contain ghost quanta, these theories are unphysical. However,
we also discuss how perturbation theory in the difference between the masses of
the physical and Pauli-Villars particles could be developed, thus generating
physical theories. The existence of explicit solutions of the solvable theory
also allows one to study the relationship between the equal-time and light-cone
vacua and eigensolutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148106 </DOCNO>
Heat trace asymptotics with transmittal boundary conditions and quantum


  We study the spectral geometry of an operator of Laplace type on a manifold
with a singular surface. We calculate several first coefficients of the heat
kernel expansion. These coefficients are responsible for divergences and
conformal anomaly in quantum brane-world scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83617 </DOCNO>
Bootstrapping Syntax and Recursion using Alignment-Based Learning


  This paper introduces a new type of unsupervised learning algorithm, based on
the alignment of sentences and Harris's (1951) notion of interchangeability.
The algorithm is applied to an untagged, unstructured corpus of natural
language sentences, resulting in a labelled, bracketed version of the corpus.
Firstly, the algorithm aligns all sentences in the corpus in pairs, resulting
in a partition of the sentences consisting of parts of the sentences that are
similar in both sentences and parts that are dissimilar. This information is
used to find (possibly overlapping) constituents. Next, the algorithm selects
(non-overlapping) constituents. Several instances of the algorithm are applied
to the ATIS corpus (Marcus et al., 1993) and the OVIS (Openbaar Vervoer
Informatie Systeem (OVIS) stands for Public Transport Information System.)
corpus (Bonnema et al., 1997). Apart from the promising numerical results, the
most striking result is that even the simplest algorithm based on alignment
learns recursion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128638 </DOCNO>
The Gravitational Lens B1608+656: I. V, I, and H-band HST Imaging


  We present a multi-wavelength analysis of high-resolution observations of the
quadruple lens B1608+656 from the HST archive, acquired with WFPC2 through
filters F606W (V-band) and F814W (I-band), and with NIC1 in filter F160W
(H-band).
  In the three bands, the observations show extended emission from the four
images of the source in a ring-like configuration that surrounds the two,
resolved, lensing galaxies. B1608+656 was discovered as a double-lobed radio
source, and later identified as a post-starburst galaxy in the optical. Based
on photometry and optical spectroscopy we estimate that the stellar population
of the source has an age of $\sim$ 500 Myr. This provides a model for the
spectrum of the source that extends over spectral regions where no observations
are available, and is used to generate Tiny Tim PSFs for the filters.
Deconvolutions performed with the Lucy-Richardson method are presented, and the
limitations of these restorations is discussed. V$-$I and I$-$H color maps show
evidence of extinction by dust associated with one of the lensing galaxies, a
late type galaxy presumably disrupted after its close encounter with the other
lens, an elliptical galaxy. The extinction affects the two lens galaxies and
two of the four multiple images. The diagnostic of wavelength-dependent effects
in the images shows that corrections for contamination with light from the
lenses, extinction, and PSF convolution need to be applied before using the
extended structure in the images as a constraint on lens models. We will
present the restoration of the images in a subsequent paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148975 </DOCNO>
Classical Open-String Field Theory : $A_{\infty}$-Algebra,


  We investigate classical bosonic open-string field theory from the
perspective of the Wilson renormalization group of world-sheet theory. The
microscopic action is identified with Witten's covariant cubic action and the
short-distance cut-off scale is introduced by length of open-string strip which
appears in the Schwinger representation of open-string propagator. {\it
Classical open-string field theory} in the title means open-string field theory
governed by a classical part of the low energy action. It is obtained by
integrating out suitable planar interactions of open-strings and is of
non-polynomial type. We study this theory by using the BV formalism. It turns
out to be deeply related with deformation theory of $A_{\infty}$-algebra. We
introduce renormalization group equation of this theory and discuss it from
several aspects. It is also discussed that this theory is interpreted as a
boundary open-string field theory. Closed-string BRST charge and boundary
states of closed-string field theory in the presence of open-string field play
important roles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95390 </DOCNO>
A generating function for the trace of the Iwahori-Hecke algebra


  The Iwahori-Hecke algebra has a ``natural'' trace $\tau$. This trace is the
evaluation at the identity element in the usual interpretation of the
Iwahori-Hecke algebra as a sub-algebra of the convolution algebra of a p-adic
semi-simple group. The Iwahori-Hecke algebra contains an important commutative
sub-algebra ${\bf C}[\theta_x]$, that was described and studied by Bernstein,
Zelevinski and Lusztig. In this note we compute the generating function for the
value of $\tau$ on the basis $\theta_x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41779 </DOCNO>
Study of neutrino induced upgoing muons


  An estimate of the energy of neutrino-induced muons in MACRO is provided by a
multiple Coulomb scattering measurement. The MACRO original upward-muon data
sample has been subdivided according to the reconstructed muon energy. The
results are interpreted in terms of neutrino oscillation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124603 </DOCNO>
The Vacuum Energy from a New Perspective


  It is commonly believed that the vacuum energy problem points to the need for
(1) a radically new formulation of gravitational physics and (2) a new
principle which forces the vacuum stress-energy tensor (as measured by gravity)
to be nearly zero. Here we point out that a new fundamental theory contains
both features: (1) In this theory the vierbein is interpreted as the
"superfluid velocity" associated with the order parameter for a GUT-scale Higgs
condensate. (2) The vacuum stress-energy tensor is exactly zero in the vacuum
state, because the action is extremalized with respect to variations in the
order parameter. With inhomogeneously-distributed matter present, the vacuum
stress-energy tensor is shifted away from zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95653 </DOCNO>
Remarks on a Paper by Y.Caro and R.Yuster on Turan Problem


  Caro and Yuster (Electronic J.Comb 7 (2000)) studied a generalization of the
Turan problem, where a certain function (instead of the size) of an F-free
graph has to be maximized. We prove one conjecture appearing in the above
paper, which extends the Erdos-Stone Theorem to these settings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87238 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Analysis of Poincar\'e Gauge Theory: Higher Spin Modes


  We examine several higher spin modes of the Poincar\'e gauge theory (PGT) of
gravity using the Hamiltonian analysis. The appearance of certain undesirable
effects due to non-linear constraints in the Hamiltonian analysis are used as a
test. We find that the phenomena of field activation and constraint bifurcation
both exist in the pure spin 1 and the pure spin 2 modes. The coupled spin-$0^-$
and spin-$2^-$ modes also fail our test due to the appearance of constraint
bifurcation. The ``promising'' case in the linearized theory of PGT given by
Kuhfuss and Nitsch (KRNJ86) likewise does not pass. From this analysis of these
specific PGT modes we conclude that an examination of such nonlinear constraint
effects shows great promise as a strong test for this and other alternate
theories of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95563 </DOCNO>
A Characterization of Freeness by a Factorization Property of


  Let M be a B-probability space. Assume that B itself is a D-probability
space; then M can be viewed as a D-probability space as well. Let X be in M. We
characterize freeness of X from B with amalgamation over D in terms of a
certain factorization condition linking the B-valued and D-valued R-transforms
of X. We give an application to random matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97065 </DOCNO>
Singularity Formation in 2+1 Wave Maps


  We present numerical evidence that singularities form in finite time during
the evolution of 2+1 wave maps from spherically equivariant initial data of
sufficient energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4157 </DOCNO>
Crack Front Waves and the dynamics of a rapidly moving crack


  Crack front waves are localized waves that propagate along the leading edge
of a crack. They are generated by the interaction of a crack with a localized
material inhomogeneity. We show that front waves are nonlinear entities that
transport energy, generate surface structure and lead to localized velocity
fluctuations. Their existence locally imparts inertia, which is not
incorporated in current theories of fracture, to initially "massless" cracks.
This, coupled to crack instabilities, yields both inhomogeneity and scaling
behavior within fracture surface structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41856 </DOCNO>
Analysis and interpretation of new low-energy Pi-Pi scattering data


  The recently published E865 data on charged K_e4 decays and Pi-Pi phases are
reanalyzed to extract values of the two S-wave scattering lengths, of the
subthreshold parameters alpha and beta, of the low-energy constants l3-bar and
l4-bar as well as of the main two-flavour order parameters: <u-bar u> and F_pi
in the limit m_u = m_d = 0 taken at the physical value of the strange quark
mass. Our analysis is exclusively based on direct experimental information on
Pi-Pi phases below 800 MeV and on the new solutions of the Roy equations by
Ananthanarayan et al. The result is compared with the theoretical prediction
relating 2 a_0^0 - 5 a_0^2 and the scalar radius of the pion, which was
obtained in two-loop Chiral Perturbation Theory. A discrepancy at the 1-sigma
level is found and commented upon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76326 </DOCNO>
New Globular Cluster Age Estimates and Constraints on the Cosmic


  New estimates of globular cluster distances, combined with revised ranges for
input parameters in stellar evolution codes and recent estimates of the
earliest redshift of cluster formation allow us to derive a new 95% confidence
level lower limit on the age of the Universe of 11 Gyr. This is now
definitively inconsistent with the expansion age for a flat Universe for the
currently allowed range of the Hubble constant unless the cosmic equation of
state is dominated by a component that violates the strong energy condition.
This solidifies the case for a dark energy-dominated universe, complementing
supernova data and direct measurements of the geometry and matter density in
the Universe. The best-fit age is consistent with a cosmological
constant-dominated (w=pressure/energy density = -1) universe. For the Hubble
Key project best fit value of the Hubble Constant our age limits yields the
constraints w < -0.4 and Omega_matter < 0.38 at the 68 % confidence level, and
w < -0.26 and Omega_matter < 0.58 at the 95 % confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168696 </DOCNO>
On Some Peculiarities of Solving Nonstationary Problems of Quantum


  Exact solutions of several nonstationary problems of quantum mechanics are
obtained. It is shown that if the initial conditions of the problem correspond
to the localized-in-space particle, then it moves exactly along the classical
trajectory, and the wave packet is not spread in time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127512 </DOCNO>
Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs around Sigma Orionis


  We present optical spectroscopy of 71 photometric candidate low-mass members
of the cluster associated with Sigma Orionis. Thirty-five of these are found to
pass the lithium test and hence are confirmed as true cluster members, covering
a mass range of <0.055-0.3M_{sun}, assuming a mean cluster age of <5 Myr. We
find evidence for an age spread on the (I, I-J) colour magnitude diagram,
members appearing to lie in the range 1-7 Myr. There are, however, a
significant fraction of candidates that are non-members, including some
previously identified as members based on photometry alone. We see some
evidence that the ratio of spectroscopically confirmed members to photometric
candidates decreases with brightness and mass. This highlights the importance
of spectroscopy in determining the true initial mass-function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114385 </DOCNO>
Upgrading of the beam diagnostic system of U-70 beam transfer lines


  The beam diagnostic system of U-70 beam transfer lines (beam profiles,
intensity and beam losses measurements) was designed in the beginning of 80-th
on the base of 8-bit microprocessor, SUMMA hardware and home made serial
communication link. Because of the maintenance problems the decision was taken
to upgrade the hardware and software parts of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123730 </DOCNO>
Strange Cepheids and RR Lyrae


  Strange modes can occur in radiative classical Cepheids and RR Lyrae models.
These are vibrational modes that are trapped near the surface as a result of a
'potential barrier' caused by the sharp hydrogen partial ionization region.
Typically the modal number of the strange mode falls between the 7th and 12th
overtone, depending on the astrophysical parameters of the equilibrium stellar
models (L, M, \Teff, X, Z). Interestingly these modes can be linearly unstable
outside the usual instability strip, in which case they should be observable as
new kinds of variable stars, 'strange Cepheids' or 'strange RR Lyrae' stars.
The present paper reexamines the linear stability properties of the strange
modes by taking into account the effects of an isothermal atmosphere, and of
turbulent convection. It is found that the linear vibrational instability of
the strange modes is resistant to both of these effects. Nonlinear hydrodynamic
calculations indicate that the pulsation amplitude of these modes is likely to
saturate at the millimagnitude level. These modes should therefore be
detectable albeit not without effort.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113958 </DOCNO>
The indefinite metric problem revisited and chased away


  Attempts to quantize light in a manifestly Lorentz covariant manner fail
because of the indefinite metric problem. Here an error in the interpretation
is uncovered that is at the root of this problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123720 </DOCNO>
Blazars


  In our review of the blazar phenomenon, we discuss blazar models, with a
focus on the following issues: sub-parsec jets and their environment; energy
dissipation and particle acceleration; and radiative processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128879 </DOCNO>
Subtleties in Measuring Iron K Lines in AGN


  Chandra and XMM observations are showing that the Fe-K emission lines in type
1 AGN are composite, in general consisting of a narrow and a broad component.
We review the latest Chandra HETG results and compare the line profiles with
those measured by ASCA. The narrow Fe-K line components necessitate re-modeling
of the line profiles measured previously and revision of the parameters of the
relativistic broad components, as well re-interpretation of variability
studies. We also explicitly demonstrate the effect of changes in the ASCA
calibration on the measurements of the Fe-K lines in AGN. We find that the
differences in measured parameters are insignificant. Both the intrinsic width
and EW change by less than 8%. Fe-K line studies which claim much larger
differences do not adequately model the line emission. We point out that it is
incorrect to compare different calibrations, and indeed make astrophysical
inferences, using models which do not describe the data. We then present some
new results for the highest S/N broad Fe-K line profile in the entire ASCA
archive, from NGC 4151.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127988 </DOCNO>
Temperature fluctuations in the intergalactic medium


  The temperature of the low-density intergalactic medium is set by the balance
between adiabatic cooling resulting from the expansion of the universe, and
photo-heating by the UV-background. We have analysed the Lyman-alpha forest of
eleven high-resolution quasar spectra using wavelets, and find strong evidence
of a marked jump in the temperature at the mean density, T_0, of 60 per cent
around a redshift z=3.3, which we attribute to reionization of HeliumII. The
jump can be seen in all three of our spectra that straddle redshift 3.3, at a
significance of 99 per cent. Below z=3.1, our results are consistent with a
smooth cooling down of the universe, as expected when adiabatic expansion
dominates over photo-heating by a UV-background from QSOs and galaxies. We find
no evidence of thermal fluctuations on scales greater than 5000 km/s larger
than 50 per cent, which could be detected by our method, suggesting that the
IGM follows a reasonably well-defined temperature-density relation. We
demonstrate that the mean wavelet amplitude scales inversely with T_0 and
calibrate the relation with hydrodynamical simulations. We find T_0= 12000K at
z>3.6. Such high temperature suggest that Hydrogen reionization occured
relatively recent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75693 </DOCNO>
An Alternative Approach to Semi-inclusive DIS and A Model Independent


  We discuss how to extract the polarized parton densities and fragmentation
functions in a model independent way from SIDIS, and present results for
D_{u,d,s}^{\pi^+}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149492 </DOCNO>
Bound States of String Networks and D-branes


  We show the existence of non-threshold bound states of (p, q) string networks
and D3-branes, preserving 1/4 of the full type IIB supersymmetry, interpreted
as string networks dissolved in D3-branes. We also write down the expression
for the mass density of the system and discuss the extension of the
construction to other Dp-branes. Differences in our construction of string
networks with the ones interpreted as dyons in N=4 gauge theories are also
pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86753 </DOCNO>
Ricci-flat Kahler Manifolds from Supersymmetric Gauge Theories


  Using techniques of supersymmetric gauge theories, we present the Ricci-flat
metrics on non-compact Kahler manifolds whose conical singularity is repaired
by the Hermitian symmetric space. These manifolds can be identified as the
complex line bundles over the Hermitian symmetric spaces. Each of the metrics
contains a resolution parameter which controls the size of these base
manifolds, and the conical singularity appears when the parameter vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41246 </DOCNO>
Light Front Models of the Leptons, Bosons, and Quarks


  The elementary particles are modeled as harmonic oscillator excitations of
transverse U(1) gauge fields propagating at v = c, with open and closed
string-like propagation paths. One, two and three node states represent the
leptons, bosons, and quarks. We incorporate a twist theta for the gauge field
components which rotate counterclockwise (L) for the electron, yielding a
chiral model. Theta increases by pi from node to node, making the lepton models
SU(2) representations. At nodes the twist may reverse, creating new particle
states. For three nodes, twist combinations map the SU(3) color states of the
quarks. Generations are modeled topologically by the winding number of the
strings. Mapping model E fields to distant observers makes understandable how
fractional charges arise for the quarks. These models are 3D slices of
spacetime, allowing us to make drawings of particle field conformations. From
model particle quantum numbers, new mass relationships are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124862 </DOCNO>
Finding out the velocity anisotropy parameter for some globular


  The problem of determination of the velocity anisotropy parameter (A) from
star density profiles in globular clusters is considered. The calculations are
performed for following clusters: M3, M12, M13, M15, M55, M56, Palomar 3,
Palomar 14, NGC5139 (Omega Centauri) and NGC6535. We found that for most
clusters is A=0. For M56 the parameter is calculated at limiting magnitudes
B=21.5 and B=19.0 and we found A=0.8 and A=0.3 respectively. For Omega Centauri
the anisotropy parameter is determined in three separate regions and we found:
A=0 for central region, A=0.1 for middle region and A=0.3 for halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97598 </DOCNO>
Quantum monodromy and semi-classical trace formulae


  Trace formulae provide one of the most elegant descriptions of the
classical-quantum correspondence. One side of a formula is given by a trace of
a quantum object, typically derived from a quantum Hamiltonian, and the other
side is described in terms of closed orbits of the corresponding classical
Hamiltonian. In algebraic situations, such as the original Selberg trace
formula, the identities are exact, while in general they hold only in
semi-classical or high-energy limits. We refer to a recent survey \cite{Ur} for
an introduction and references.
  In this paper we present an intermediate trace formula in which the original
trace is expressed in terms of traces of quantum monodromy operators directly
related to the classical dynamics. The usual trace formulae follow and in
addition this approach allows handling effective Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113397 </DOCNO>
Subpixel Spatial Resolution of the X-Ray Charge-Coupled Device Based on


  When an X-ray photon lands into a pixel (event pixel), the primary charge is
mainly collected into the event pixel. If the X-ray landing position is
sufficiently close to the pixel boundary, the primary charge spills over to the
adjacent pixel forming split events. We can easily understand that there are
three parameters coupled together; the X-ray landing position inside the pixel,
the X-ray event pattern and the primary charge cloud shape. We can determine
any one of them from the other two parameters. Since we know the charge cloud
shape using the multi-pitch mesh experiment, we can calculate the X-ray landing
position with subpixel resolution using the event pattern. We applied our
method to Ti-K X-rays for the charge-coupled device with $12 \mu$m square
pixel. Once the primary charge splits into the adjacent pixel, we can determine
the X-ray landing position with subpixel resolution. Using three- or four-pixel
split events, we can determine the X-ray landing position with an accuracy of
less than $1 \mu$m. For a two-pixel split event, we obtained a similar position
accuracy in the split direction with no improvement in the direction
perpendicular to it. We will discuss the type of CCD which can achieve the
subpixel resolution for the entire area of the CCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2686 </DOCNO>
Screened-interaction expansion for the Hubbard model and determination


  We develop a systematic self-consistent perturbative expansion for the self
energy of Hubbard-like models. The interaction lines in the Feynman diagrams
are dynamically screened by the charge fluctuations in the system. Although the
formal expansion is exact-assuming that the model under the study is
perturbative-only if diagrams to all orders are included, it is shown that for
large-on-site-Coulomb-repulsion-U systems weak-coupling expansions to a few
orders may already converge. We show that the screened interaction for the
large-U system can be vanishingly small at a certain intermediate electron
filling; and it is found that our approximation for the imaginary part of the
one-particle self energy agrees well with the QMC results in the low energy
scales at this particular filling. But, the usefulness of the approximation is
hindered by the fact that it has the incorrect filling dependence when the
filling deviates from this value. We also calculate the exact QMC Fermi
surfaces for the two-dimensional (2-D) Hubbard model for several fillings. Our
results near half filling show extreme violation of the concepts of the band
theory; in fact, instead of growing, Fermi surface vanishes when doped toward
the half-filled Mott-Hubbard insulator. Sufficiently away from half filling,
noninteracting-like Fermi surfaces are recovered. These results combined with
the Luttinger theorem might show that diagrammatic expansions for the
nearly-half-filled Hubbard model are unlikely to be possible; however, the
nonperturbative part of the solution seems to be less important as the filling
gradually moves away from one half. Results for the 2-D one-band Hubbard model
for several hole dopings are presented. Implications of this study for the
high-temperature superconductors are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 133 </DOCNO>
Spin Correlations in Ho$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$: a Dipolar Spin Ice System


  The pyrochlore material $\rm Ho_{2}Ti_{2}O_{7}$ has been suggested to show
``spin ice'' behaviour. We present neutron scattering and specific heat results
that establish unambiguously that Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ exhibits spin ice
correlations at low temperature. Diffuse magnetic neutron scattering from
Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ is found to be quite well described by a near neighbour spin
ice model and very accurately described by a dipolar spin ice model. The heat
capacity is well accounted for by the sum of a dipolar spin ice contribution
and an expected nuclear spin contribution, known to exist in other Ho$^{3+}$
salts. These results settle the question of the nature of the low temperature
spin correlations in $\rm Ho_{2}Ti_{2}O_{7}$ for which contradictory claims
have been made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3699 </DOCNO>
Dissipative Dynamics of Inflation


  Dissipative scalar quantum field theory is examined at zero temperature.
Estimates of radiation production are given. Relevance of the results to
supercooled and warm inflation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73171 </DOCNO>
The muon-positron conversion in nuclei mediated by light Majorana


  We study the lepton number violating muon-positron conversion in nuclei
mediated by the exchange of virtual light Majorana neutrinos. We found that a
previously overlooked imaginary part of this amplitude plays an important role.
The numerical calculation has been made for the experimentally interesting
muon-positron conversion in Ti48 using realistic renormalized proton-neutron
QRPA wave functions. We also discuss the very similar case of the neutrinoless
double beta decay of Ca48 The ratio of muon-positron conversion over the total
muon absorption has been computed taking into account the current constraints
from neutrino oscillation phenomenology. We compare our results with the
experimental limits as well as with previous theoretical predictions. We have
found that the Majorana neutrino mode of muon-positron conversion in Ti48 is
too small to be measurable in the foreseeable future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2906 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of nanocrystalline MgB$_2$ thin films made by


  We have studied the structural and superconducting properties of MgB$_2$ thin
films made by pulsed laser deposition followed by in situ annealing. The
cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveals a nanocrystalline
mixture of textured MgO and MgB$_2$ with very small grain sizes. A
zero-resistance transition temperature ($T_{c0}$) of 34 K and a zero-field
critical current density ($J_c$) of $1.3 \times 10^6$ A/cm$^2$ were obtained.
The irreversibility field was $\sim$ 8 T at low temperatures, although severe
pinning instability was observed. These bulk-like superconducting properties
show that the in situ deposition process can be a viable candidate for MgB$_2$
Josephson junction technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 378 </DOCNO>
Electronic properties of ternary quasicrystals in one dimension


  The one-electron properties of a certain class of one-dimensional ternary
quasicrystals are investigated. In particular, we show in detail the presence
of a special kind of critical states called marginal critical states in these
QCs. By the use of a real-space renormalization-group method, it is shown that
the scaling properties of marginal critical states are characterized by
stretched exponentials. These states are virtually localized, so that their
presence may make a QC less conductive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72529 </DOCNO>
Precision Studies of the Higgs Boson Profile at the e+e- Linear Collider


  This paper reviews the potential of a high luminosity e+e- linear collider
(LC) in the precision study of the Higgs boson profile. The complementarity of
the linear collider data with that from the LHC is also discussed together with
a comparison with a muon collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72946 </DOCNO>
Axino - New Candidate for Cold Dark Matter


  Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model when combined with the
Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem necessarily contain also the
axino, the fermionic partner of the axion. In contrast to the neutralino and
the gravitino, the axino mass is generically not of the order of the
supersymmetry breaking scale and can be much smaller. The axino is therefore an
intriguing candidate for a stable superpartner. The axinos are a natural
candidate for cold dark matter in the Universe when they are generated
non-thermally through out-of-equilibrium neutralino decays or via a competing
thermal production mechanism through scatterings and decays of particles in the
plasma. We identify axino masses in the range of tens of MeV to several GeV
(depending on the scenario) as corresponding to cold axino relics if the
reheating temperature T_R is less than about 5 \times 10^4 GeV. At higher T_R
and lower mass, axinos could constitute warm dark matter. In the scenario with
axinos as stable relics the gravitino problem finds a natural solution. The
lightest superpartner of the Standard Model spectrum will remain stable in
high-energy detectors but may be either neutral or charged. The usual
constraint Omega*h^2<1 on the relic abundance of the lightest neutralino does
not hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98814 </DOCNO>
$\beta$-Boundedness, Semipassivity, and the KMS-Condition


  The proof of a recent result by Guido and Longo establishing the equivalence
of the KMS-condition with complete $\beta$-boundedness is shortcut and
generalized in such a way that a covariant version of the theorem is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124759 </DOCNO>
Accretion-Assisted Spindown of Young Radio Pulsars


  We present a model for the spindown of young radio pulsars in which the
neutron star loses rotational energy not only by emitting magnetic dipole
radiation but also by torquing a surrounding accretion disk produced by
supernova fallback. The braking index predicted in our model is in general less
than n=3 (the value for pure dipole magnetic radiation), in agreement with the
reported values of n<3 for five young radio pulsars. With an accuracy of 30% or
better, our model reproduces the age, braking index and third frequency
derivative of the Crab pulsar for a disk accretion rate in the range 3 x 10^16
- 10^17 g/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149945 </DOCNO>
Emergent Gauge Bosons


  The old idea that the photon is a Goldstone boson emergent from a
spontaneously broken theory of interacting fermions is revisited. It is
conjectured that the gauge-potential condensate has a vacuum expectation value
which is very large, perhaps the GUT/Planck momentum scale, but that the
magnitude of the effective potential which generates it is very small, so small
that in the limit of vanishing cosmological constant it would vanish. In this
way, the threat of unacceptably large observable, noncovariant residual effects
is mitigated. The linkage of these ideas to other speculative ideas involving
black holes and parametrizations of Standard-Model coupling constants is also
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73720 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangian with valence gluons in extended SU(2) QCD model


  The effective action with homogeneous valence (off-diagonal) gluons as
background fields in the extended SU(2) model of QCD is obtained in one-loop
approximation. We keep the manifest gauge and Lorentz invariance during whole
calculation by using a special gauge-fixing recipe and taking into account the
quartic interaction terms in the original Lagrangian as well. It has been shown
that the effective Lagrangian gains a negative imaginary part with the same
number factor as in the case of a pure chromoelectric background in the
standard SU(2) theory of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169024 </DOCNO>
How unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment is possible


  Bit commitment involves the submission of evidence from one party to another
so that the evidence can be used to confirm a later revealed bit value by the
first party, while the second party cannot determine the bit value from the
evidence alone. It is widely believed that unconditionally secure quantum bit
commitment is impossible due to quantum entanglement cheating, which is
codified in a general impossibility theorem. In this paper, the scope of this
general impossibility proof is analyzed, and gaps are found. Two variants of a
bit commitment scheme utilizing anonymous quantum states and decoy states are
presented. In the first variant, the exact verifying measurement is independent
of the committed bit value, thus the second party can make it before the first
party opens, making possible an unconditional security proof based on
no-cloning. In the second variant, the impossibility proof fails because
quantum entanglement purification of a mixed state does not render the protocol
determinate. Whether impossibility holds in this or similar protocols is an
open question, although preliminary results already show that the impossibility
proof cannot work as it stands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98371 </DOCNO>
Geometric and Physical Interpretation of Fractional Integration and


  A solution to the more than 300-years old problem of geometric and physical
interpretation of fractional integration and differentiation (i.e., integration
and differentiation of an arbitrary real order) is suggested for the
Riemann-Liouville fractional integration and differentiation, the Caputo
fractional differentiation, the Riesz potential, and the Feller potential. It
is also generalized for giving a new geometric and physical interpretation of
more general convolution integrals of the Volterra type.
  Besides this, a new physical interpretation is suggested for the Stieltjes
integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81397 </DOCNO>
Pion Decay Constant, $Z_A$ and Chiral Log from Overlap Fermions


  We report our calculation of the pion decay constant $f_\pi$, the axial
renormalization constant $Z_A$, and the quenched chiral logarithms from the
overlap fermions. The calculation is done on a quenched $20^4$ lattice at
$a=0.148$ fm using tree level tadpole improved gauge action. The smallest pion
mass we reach is about 280 MeV. The lattice size is about 4 times the Compton
wavelength of the lowest mass pion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6700 </DOCNO>
Finite size and temperature effects in the $J_1-J_2$ model on a strip


  Within Takahashi's spin-wave theory we study finite size and temperature
effects near the quantum critical point in the $J_{1}-J_{2}$ Heisenberg
antiferromagnet defined on a strip ($L\times\infty$). The theory predicts
universal finite size and temperature corrections and describes the dimensional
crossover in magnetic properties from 2+1 to 1+1 space-time dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76532 </DOCNO>
Color-flavor locking in strange stars, strangelets, and cosmic rays


  Three topics with relation to color superconductivity in strange quark matter
are discussed. 1) The r-mode instability in strange stars, which is consistent
with the existence of ``ordinary'' strange quark matter stars but inconsistent
with strange stars in a pure color-flavor locked state. 2) Color-flavor locked
strangelets, which are more bound than normal strangelets, and have a different
charge-mass relation. 3) Estimates of the strangelet flux in cosmic rays, which
is relevant for strangelet detections in upcoming cosmic ray space experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96063 </DOCNO>
Geometric and probabilistic aspects of boson lattice models


  This review describes quantum systems of bosonic particles moving on a
lattice. These models are relevant in statistical physics, and have natural
ties with probability theory. The general setting is recalled and the main
questions about phase transitions are addressed. A lattice model with
Lennard-Jones potential is studied as an example of a system where first-order
phase transitions occur.
  A major interest of bosonic systems is the possibility of displaying a
Bose-Einstein condensation. This is discussed in the light of the main existing
rigorous result, namely its occurrence in the hard-core boson model. Finally,
we consider another approach that involves the lengths of the cycles formed by
the particles in the space-time representation; Bose-Einstein condensation
should be related to positive probability of infinite cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2243 </DOCNO>
Exact Tagged Particle Correlations in the Random Average Process


  We study analytically the correlations between the positions of tagged
particles in the random average process, an interacting particle system in one
dimension. We show that in the steady state the mean squared auto-fluctuation
of a tracer particle grows subdiffusively as $sigma^2(t) ~ t^{1/2}$ for large
time t in the absence of external bias, but grows diffusively $sigma^2(t) ~ t$
in the presence of a nonzero bias. The prefactors of the subdiffusive and
diffusive growths as well as the universal scaling function describing the
crossover between them are computed exactly. We also compute $sigma_r^2(t)$,
the mean squared fluctuation in the position difference of two tagged particles
separated by a fixed tag shift r in the steady state and show that the external
bias has a dramatic effect in the time dependence of $sigma_r^2(t)$. For fixed
r, $sigma_r^2(t)$ increases monotonically with t in absence of bias but has a
non-monotonic dependence on t in presence of bias. Similarities and differences
with the simple exclusion process are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125805 </DOCNO>
Population Synthesis of Pulsars: Magnetic Field Effects


  New results based on methods of population synthesis, concerning magnetic
field effects on the evolution of pulsars are reported. The present study
confirms that models with timescales for the magnetic field decay longer than
the pulsar lifetime are in better agreement with data. These new simulations
indicate that the diagram log($P\dot P$) - log($t_s$) alone cannot be used to
test field decay models. The dispersion of the values of the initial period and
magnetic field can explain the observed behaviour of the data points in such a
diagram. The simulations also indicate that the statistical properties of
anomalous X-ray pulsars and soft-gamma repeaters (magnetar candidates) are
compatible with those derived for objects born in the high side tail of the
magnetic field distribution. The predicted birth rate of neutron stars having
field strengths in excess of 10$^{14}$ G is one object born each 750 yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148946 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian Sp(3) BRST symmetry for irreducible gauge theories


  The Lagrangian Sp(3) BRST symmetry for irreducible gauge theories is
constructed in the framework of homological perturbation theory. The canonical
generator of this extended symmetry is shown to exist. A gauge-fixing procedure
specific to the standard antibracket-antifield formalism, that leads to an
effective action, which is invariant under all the three differentials of the
Sp(3) algebra, is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72852 </DOCNO>
Is a Coherent Picture of Massive Neutrinos Emerging?


  The hypothesis that neutrinos are massive has a strong experimental support;
however, the information we have is quite limited, and many possibilities are
open. Theoretical considerations might help fill the gaps (or foresee
regularities), as we illustrate with a specific example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149550 </DOCNO>
Spherically symmetric solutions of the 6th order SU(N) Skyrme models


  We use the generalised rational map ansatz introduced by Ioannidou et al. to
construct analytically some topologically non-trivial solutions of the
generalised SU(3) Skyrme model defined by adding a sixth order term to the
usual Lagrangian. These solutions are radially symmetric and some of them can
be interpreted as bound states of Skyrmions. The same ansatz is used to
construct low-energy configuration of the SU(N) Skyrme model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123397 </DOCNO>
Flat-Fielding BATSE Occultation Data for use in a Hard X-Ray All Sky


  The BATSE mission aboard CGRO can be used to observe hard X-ray sources by
using the Earth occultation method. This method relies on measuring a step in
the count rate profile in each BATSE detector as a source rises above or sets
below the Earth's limb. A major problem in determining the step sizes (and
hence the flux) is in extracting the steps from the varying background. A
technique for flat-fielding the response of gamma ray detectors has been
developed at Southampton. The technique uses a dynamic Monte-Carlo model to
simulate the dominant components of the gamma-ray background encountered by the
experiment at any point in its orbit. A maximum likelihood imaging method is
also being developed that will be used to make a sky survey with all 9 years of
the BATSE Continuous data set in the 20 - 500 keV range. An all sky map of 25 -
35 keV emission has been made using 60 days of data and has a 3 sigma flux
sensitivity of 14 mCrab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86070 </DOCNO>
Invariant dynamics of scalar perturbations of inflanton and


  A gauge-independent, invariant theory of linear scalar perturbations of
inflation and gravitational fields has been created. This invariant theory
allows one to compare gauges used in the work of other researchers and to find
the unambiguous criteria to separate the physical and coordinate effects. It is
shown, in particular, that the so-called longitudial gauge, commonly used when
considering inflation instability, leads to a fundamental overestimation of the
effect because of non-physical perturbations of the proper time in the frame of
reference specified by this gauge. Back reaction theories employing this sort
of gauge [1] also involve coordinate effects. The invariant theory created here
shows that the classical Lifshitz (1946) [2] gauge does not lead to
non-physical perturbations of the proper time and can be used to analyze the
inflation regime and the back reaction of perturbations on this regime
properly. The first theory of back reaction on background of all types of
perturbations (scalar, vector and tensor) based on this gauge was published in
1975 [3] and has been applied recently to the inflation [4]. The investigation
of long-length perturbations, which characterize the stability of the
inflationary process, and quantum fluctuations, which form the
Harrison-Zel'dovich spectrum at the end of inflation, is performed in the
invariant form. The invariant theory proposed allows one to examine the effect
of quantum fluctuations on the inflationary stage when the periodic regime
changes to an aperiodic one. That only the invariant theory must be used to
analyze space experiments is one of the conclusions of the present work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2766 </DOCNO>
Correlations in a confined magnetized free-electron gas


  Equilibrium quantum statistical methods are used to study the pair
correlation function for a magnetized free-electron gas in the presence of a
hard wall that is parallel to the field. With the help of a path-integral
technique and a Green function representation the modifications in the
correlation function caused by the wall are determined both for a
non-degenerate and for a completely degenerate gas. In the latter case the
asymptotic behaviour of the correlation function for large position differences
in the direction parallel to the wall and perpendicular to the field, is found
to change from Gaussian in the bulk to algebraic near the wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3669 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy on the Fermi Surface of the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model


  Anisotropy on the Fermi surface is investigated for the two-dimensional
Hubbard model by the quantum Monte Carlo method.
  We calculate a momentum-resolved charge compressibility $\kappa (\bbox{k}) =
{d < n(\bbox{k}) >}/{d \mu}$, which reflects effects of an infinitesimal doping
at a finite temperature. At the temperature $T \sim {t^2}/{U}$, the $\kappa
(\bbox{k})$ shows peak structure at $(\pm \pi/2,\pm \pi/2)$ points on the Fermi
surface.
  This is consistent with the mean field calculation for the d-wave pairing
state or the staggered flux state.
  The peak structure disappears at a sufficiently high temperature compared to
the Coulomb interaction $U$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126122 </DOCNO>
Clusters in extragalactic HII regions and their modelling


  This review deals with properties of very young (< 10-20 Myr) stellar
clusters which are in the nebular phase and are embedded in photoionized
regions (classical extragalactic HII regions (RHIIs) or starburst galaxies).
Based on the analysis of the integrated light of these clusters at the UV and
optical wavelengths, different techniques are discussed that allow to estimate
in consistent the stellar content and the evolutionary state of the ionizing
clusters. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72809 </DOCNO>
The scale of supersymmetry breaking as a free parameter


  While supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model can be fully described
in terms of explicitly broken global supersymmetry, this description is only
effective. Once related to spontaneous breaking in a more fundamental theory,
the effective parameters translate to functions of two distinct scales, the
scale of spontaneous supersymmetry breaking and the scale of its mediation to
the standard-model fields. The scale dependence will be written explicitly and
the full spectrum of supersymmetry breaking operators which emerges will be
explored. It will be shown that, contrary to common lore, scale-dependent
operators can play an important role in determining the phenomenology. For
example, theories with low-energy supersymmetry breaking, such as gauge
mediation, may correspond to a scalar potential which is quite different than
in theories with high-energy supersymmetry breaking, such as gravity mediation.
As a concrete example, the Higgs mass prediction will be discussed in some
detail and its upper bound will be shown to be sensitive to the supersymmetry
breaking scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 504 </DOCNO>
DNA electrophoresis studied with the cage model


  The cage model for polymer reptation, proposed by Evans and Edwards, and its
recent extension to model DNA electrophoresis, are studied by numerically exact
computation of the drift velocities for polymers with a length L of up to 15
monomers. In agreement with De Gennes' reptation arguments, we find that
asymptotically for large polymers the diffusion coefficient D decreases
quadratically with polymer length; for the cage model, the proportionality
coefficient is DL^2=0.175(2). Additionally we find that the leading correction
term for finite polymer lengths scales as N^{-1/2}, where N=L-1 is the number
of bonds. If an electric field is applied with strength E, the polymer drift
velocity v scales initially as v ~ E/L, and then changes into a regime where v
\~ E^2, as in the Duke-Rubinstein model. We find confirmation for the existence
of a third regime, still in the physically relevant range of field strengths,
where the drift velocity decreases exponentially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41016 </DOCNO>
Regge models of the proton structure function with and without hard


  A comparative phenomenological analysis of Regge models with and without a
hard Pomeron component is performed using a common set of recently updated
data. It is shown that the data at small $x$ do not indicate explicitly the
presence of the hard Pomeron. Moreover, the models with two soft-Pomeron
components (simple and double poles in the angular momentum plane) with
trajectories having intercept equal one lead to the best description of the
data not only at $W>3$ GeV and at small $x$ but also at all $x\leq 0.75$ and
$Q^{2}\leq 30000$ GeV$^{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125757 </DOCNO>
CDM and Strong Lensing: Concord or Conflict?


  (Abridged) Using the number and sizes of observed gravitational lenses, I
derive upper limits on the dark matter content of elliptical galaxies. Galaxies
built from Cold Dark Matter (CDM) mass distributions are too concentrated to
comfortably satisfy these limits; SCDM is ruled out, and LCDM is only
marginally consistent with the data. Thus, lensing adds to the evidence that
CDM mass distributions are too concentrated on kiloparsec scales to agree with
real galaxies, and extends the argument to elliptical galaxies. By contrast,
the lack of central images in radio lenses implies that the central densities
of CDM galaxies are too low on ~10 parsec scales, even if supermassive black
holes are included. Self-interacting dark matter, or any other modification to
regular cold dark matter, must simultaneously reduce the densities on
kiloparsec scales and increase the densities on parsec scales in order to
satisfy the unique constraints from lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96998 </DOCNO>
Some knot theory of complex plane curves


  This survey of some of the more topological aspects of the placement problem
for complex curves in complex surfaces was originally published in
L'Enseignement Mathematique 29 (1983). The present LaTeXed redaction corrects
several typographical errors without, I hope, introducing new ones; some minor
emendations and references to post-1983 results have been added as footnotes,
but I have not made a thoroughgoing effort to update the text. Anyone having
further information -- for instance, on the current status of questions
incorrectly described as still open -- is encouraged to let me know!

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6867 </DOCNO>
Single electron transistors with high quality superconducting niobium


  Deep submicron Al-AlOx-Nb tunnel junctions and single electron transistors
with niobium islands were fabricated by electron beam gun shadow evaporation.
Using stencil masks consisting of the thermostable polymer polyethersulfone
(PES) and germanium, high quality niobium patterns with good superconducting
properties and a gap energy of up to 2Delta = 2.5 meV for the niobium were
achieved. The I(U) characteristics of the transistors show special features due
to tunneling of single Cooper pairs and significant gate modulation in both the
superconducting and the normal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99002 </DOCNO>
Voronoi-Dickson Hypothesis on Perfect Forms and L-types


  George Voronoi (1908, 1909) introduced two important reduction methods for
positive quadratic forms: the reduction with perfect forms, and the reduction
with L-type domains, often called domains of Delaunay type. The first method is
important in studies of dense lattice packings of spheres. The second method
provides the key tools for finding the least dense lattice coverings with equal
spheres in lower dimensions. In his investigations Voronoi heavily relied on
that in dimensions less than 6 the partition of the cone of positive quadratic
forms into L-types refines the partition of this cone into perfect domains.
Voronoi conjectured implicitely and Dickson (1972) explicitely that the
L-partition is always a refinement of the partition into perfect domains. This
was proved for n =< 5 (Voronoi, Delaunay, Ryshkov, Baranovskii). We show that
Voronoi-Dickson conjecture fails already in dimension 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126645 </DOCNO>
The Clustering Properties of Lyman-Break Galaxies at Redshift z~3


  We present a new measure of the angular two-point correlation function of
Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z~3, obtained from the variance of galaxy counts
in 2-dimensional cells. By avoiding binning of the angular separations, this
method is significantly less affected by shot noise than traditional measures,
and allows for a more accurate determination of the correlation function. We
used a sample of about 1,000 galaxies with R<=25.5 extracted from the survey by
Steidel and collaborators, and found the following results. At scales in the
range 30<~theta<~100 arcsec, the angular correlation function w(theta) can be
accurately described as a power law with slope beta=0.50 +0.25-0.50(1 sigma
random)-0.10(systematic), shallower than the measure presented by Giavalisco et
al. However, the spatial correlation length, derived by Limber deprojection, is
in very good agreement with the previous measures, confirming the strong
spatial clustering of these sources. We discuss in detail the effects of both
random and systematic errors, in particular of the so called ``integral
constraint'' bias, to which we set a lower limit using numerical simulations.
This suggests that the current samples do not yet provide a ``fair
representation'' of the large-scale distribution of LBGs at z~3. An intriguing
result of our analysis is that at angular separations smaller than theta<~30
arcsec the correlation function seems to depart from the power-law fitted at
larger scales and become smaller. This feature is detected at the ~90 per cent
confidence level and, if real, it can provide information on the number density
and spatial distribution of LBGs within their host halos as well as the size
and the mass of the halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150028 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Superstrings III, Slice Independence and Absence of Ambiguities


  The chiral superstring measure constructed in the earlier papers of this
series for general gravitino slices is examined in detail for slices supported
at two points x_\alpha. In this case, the invariance of the measure under
infinitesimal changes of gravitino slices established previously is
strengthened to its most powerful form: the measure is shown, point by point on
moduli space, to be locally and globally independent from the points x_\alpha,
as well as from the superghost insertion points p_a, q_\alpha introduced
earlier as computational devices. In particular, the measure is completely
unambiguous. The limit x_\alpha = q_\alpha is then well defined. It is of
special interest, since it elucidates some subtle issues in the construction of
the picture-changing operator Y(z) central to the BRST formalism. The formula
for the chiral superstring measure in this limit is derived explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179337 </DOCNO>
Nucleon-Nucleon and Nucleon-Nucleus Optical Models for Energies to 3 GeV


  Within the key issues of hadronic physics one of the interesting issues in
nuclear physics is whether there is a transition region between meson-nucleon
and quark-gluon degrees of freedom in the NN interaction. This question is
relevant for pairs of free nucleons as well as for nucleon pairs immersed in
nuclear matter. From NN phase shifts we deduce a dibaryonic scale of 1 GeV for
the soft core NN potential strengths at nucleon separation r equal 0.25 to 0.5
fm. A short range intermediate transition, with fusion and fission of the two
scattered nucleons into a dibaryon with prevailing quark-gluon dynamics, is
conjectured from NN optical models for T-lab greater 1.5 GeV. From efforts and
progress of nucleon-nucleus scattering analysis in the GeV region some results
are presented. This is our first step for an in-medium search for transitions
from the meson-nucleon into the quark-gluon sector using NA optical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124374 </DOCNO>
Matching the observed cosmological constant with vacuum energy density


  We calculate the vacuum energy density by taking account of different massive
scalar fields in AdS spacetime. It is found that the mass spectrum of a scalar
field in AdS spacetime is discrete because of a natural boundary condition. The
results match well with the observed cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7423 </DOCNO>
Shell structure and pairing for interacting fermions in a trap


  The shell structures for weakly interacting fermions in a harmonic oscillator
traps at zero temperature undergo several transitions depending on the number
of particles in the trap and their interaction strength. Calculations of the
single and two particle spectrum gives the pairing gaps and the many particle
state is constructed by the seniority scheme. For sufficiently few particles
$N\la 10^4$ the pairing field exceeds the mean field splitting of single
particle levels at the Fermi surface and the greater number of almost
degenerate states due to the SU(3) symmetry in the harmonic oscillator shell
lead to {\it supergaps}. Deformation and rotation is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74054 </DOCNO>
The exclusive B_s -> phi mu+ mu- process in a constituent quark model


  We consider the exclusive B_s -> phi mu+ mu- process in the standard model
using a constituent quark loop model approach together with a simple
parameterization of the quark dynamics. The model allows to compute the decay
form factors and therefore can give predictions for the decay rates, the
invariant mass spectra and the asymmetries. This process is suppressed in the
standard model but can be enhanced if new physics beyond the standard model is
present, such as flavor-violating supersymmetric models. It constitutes
therefore an interesting precision test of the standard model at forthcoming
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128863 </DOCNO>
Have Acoustic Oscillations been Detected in the Current Cosmic Microwave


  The angular power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background has been
measured out to sufficiently small angular scale to encompass a few acoustic
oscillations. We use a phenomenological fit to the angular power spectrum to
quantify the statistical significance of these oscillations and discuss the
cosmological implications of such a finding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98651 </DOCNO>
Special McKay correspondence


  There are many generalizations of the McKay correspondence for higher
dimensional Gorenstein quotient singularities and there are some applications
to compute the topological invariants today. But some of the invariants are
completely different from the classical invariants, in particular for
non-Gorenstein cases. In this paper, we would like to discuss the McKay
correspondence for 2-dimensional quotient singularities via "special"
representations which gives the classical topological invariants and give a new
characterization of the special representations for cyclic quotient
singularities in terms of combinatorics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81235 </DOCNO>
Investigation of gauge-fixed pure U(1) theory at strong coupling


  We numerically investigate the phase diagram of pure U(1) gauge theory with
gauge fixing at strong gauge coupling. The FM-FMD phase transition, which
proved useful in defining Abelian lattice chiral gauge theory, persists also at
strong gauge coupling. However, there the transition seems no to be longer
continuous. At large gauge couplings we find evidences for confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149338 </DOCNO>
Non-orientable Boundary Superstring Field theory with Tachyon field


  We use the BSFT method to study the unoriented open string field theory (type
I). The partition function on the Mobius strip is calculated. We find that, at
the one-loop level, the divergence coming from planar graph and unoriented
graph cancel each other as expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87134 </DOCNO>
Exact positivity of the Wigner and P-functions of a Markovian open


  We discuss the case of a Markovian master equation for an open system, as it
is frequently found from environmental decoherence. We prove two theorems for
the evolution of the quantum state. The first one states that for a generic
initial state the corresponding Wigner function becomes strictly positive after
a finite time has elapsed. The second one states that also the P-function
becomes exactly positive after a decoherence time of the same order. Therefore
the density matrix becomes exactly decomposable into a mixture of Gaussian
pointer states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95849 </DOCNO>
Covering lattice points by subspaces


  We find tight estimates for the minimum number of proper subspaces needed to
cover all lattice points in an n-dimensional convex body symmetric about the
origin. We also find the order of magnitude of the number of (n-1)-dimensional
subspaces induced by the lattice points in a large n-dimensional ball centered
at the origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149747 </DOCNO>
On the Spectrum of QCD(1+1) with SU(N_c) Currents


  Extending previous work, we calculate in this note the fermionic spectrum of
two-dimensional QCD in the formulation with SU(N_c) currents. Together with the
results in the bosonic sector this allows to address the as yet unresolved task
of finding the single-particle states of this theory as a function of the ratio
of the numbers of flavors and colors, \lambda=N_f/N_c, anew. We construct the
Hamiltonian matrix in DLCQ formulation as an algebraic function of the harmonic
resolution K and the continuous parameter \lambda. Amongst the more surprising
findings in the fermionic sector chiefly considered here is that the fermion
momentum is a function of \lambda. This dependence is necessary in order to
reproduce the well-known 't Hooft and large N_f spectra. Remarkably, those
spectra have the same single-particle content as the ones in the bosonic
sectors. The twist here is the dramatically different sizes of the Fock bases
in the two sectors, which makes it possible to interpret in principle all
states of the discrete approach. The hope is that some of this insight carries
over into the continuum. We also present some new findings concerning the
single-particle spectrum of the adjoint theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 10 </DOCNO>
Solution of the Complex Action Problem in the Potts Model for Dense QCD


  Monte Carlo simulations of lattice QCD at non-zero baryon chemical potential
$\mu$ suffer from the notorious complex action problem. We consider QCD with
static quarks coupled to a large chemical potential. This leaves us with an
SU(3) Yang-Mills theory with a complex action containing the Polyakov loop.
Close to the deconfinement phase transition the qualitative features of this
theory, in particular its Z(3) symmetry properties, are captured by the 3-d
3-state Potts model. We solve the complex action problem in the Potts model by
using a cluster algorithm. The improved estimator for the $\mu$-dependent part
of the Boltzmann factor is real and positive and is used for importance
sampling. We localize the critical endpoint of the first order deconfinement
phase transition line and find consistency with universal 3-d Ising behavior.
We also calculate the static quark-quark, quark-anti-quark, and
anti-quark-anti-quark potentials which show screening as expected for a system
with non-zero baryon density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148127 </DOCNO>
String Webs and the Decay of Supersymmetric Particles


  The spectrum of stable electrically and magnetically charged supersymmetric
particles can change discontinuously due to the decay of these particles as the
vacuum on the Coulomb branch is varied. We show that this decay process is well
described by semi-classical field configurations purely in terms of the low
energy effective action on the Coulomb branch even when it occurs at strong
coupling. The resulting picture of the stable supersymmetric spectrum is a
generalization of the ``string web'' picture of these states found in string
constructions of certain theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113348 </DOCNO>
Determination of some solubilization parameters with surfactants of


  Effective surfactant:phospholipid ratios (i.e. molar ratios in the mixed
aggregates, vesicles or micelles) have been determined by static
light-scattering for the interaction of egg-yolk lecithin (EYL) multilamellar
vesicles (MLV) with Triton X-100 (TX-100), sodium deoxycholate (DOCNa) and
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMB). The suspension of MLV-EYL was mixed with
appropriate volumes of surfactant solution and was left overnight to reaches
thermodynamic equilibrium. Rectan-gular optic diffusion data were used to
compute the solubilization parameters: total surfactant concentrations, at
saturation and solubilization Dtsat and Dtsol respectively, and effective molar
ratios, Resat and Resol respectively. From the Resat value ob-tained
graphically for interaction of vesicles with TX-100 resulted that in vesicle
bilayers a surfactant molecule is surrounded with seven phospholipid molecules
and the Resol value suggests that in mixed micelles ten lipid molecules with
about fifteen surfactant molecules coexist. The values of Resat and Resol in
case of MLV solubilization with DOCNa are 0.07 and 1.1 re-spectively. In case
of vesicles solubilization with CTMB, Resat =0.25 and Resol =3.6 These data
show that the solubilization power at thermodynamic equilibrium for the three
surfactants is in the sequence: CTMB<TX-100<DOCNa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96088 </DOCNO>
Geometric variants of the Hofer norm


  This note discusses some geometrically defined seminorms on the group
$\Ham(M, \omega)$ of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of a closed symplectic
manifold $(M, \omega)$, giving conditions under which they are nondegenerate
and explaining their relation to the Hofer norm. As a consequence we show that
if an element in $\Ham(M, \omega)$ is sufficiently close to the identity in the
$C^{2}$-topology then it may be joined to the identity by a path whose Hofer
length is minimal among all paths, not just among paths in the same homotopy
class relative to endpoints. Thus, true geodesics always exist for the Hofer
norm. The main step in the proof is to show that a "weighted" version of the
nonsqueezing theorem holds for all fibrations over $S^2$ generated by
sufficiently short loops.Further, an example is given showing that the Hofer
norm may differ from the sum of the one sided seminorms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168551 </DOCNO>
Improving the Efficiency of an Ideal Heat Engine: The Quantum


  By using a laser and maser in tandem, it is possible to obtain laser action
in the hot exhaust gases involved in heat engine operation. Such a "quantum
afterburner" involves the internal quantum states of working gas atoms or
molecules as well as the techniques of cavity quantum electrodynamics and is
therefore in the domain of quantum thermodynamics. As an example, it is shown
that Otto cycle engine performance can be improved beyond that of the "ideal"
Otto heat engine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97315 </DOCNO>
Cover Times for Brownian Motion and Random Walks in Two Dimensions


  Let T(x,r) denote the first hitting time of the disc of radius r centered at
x for Brownian motion on the two dimensional torus. We prove that sup_{x}
T(x,r)/|log r|^2 --> 2/pi as r --> 0. The same applies to Brownian motion on
any smooth, compact connected, two-dimensional, Riemannian manifold with unit
area and no boundary. As a consequence, we prove a conjecture, due to Aldous
(1989), that the number of steps it takes a simple random walk to cover all
points of the lattice torus Z_n^2 is asymptotic to (2n log n)^2/pi. Determining
these asymptotics is an essential step toward analyzing the fractal structure
of the set of uncovered sites before coverage is complete; so far, this
structure was only studied non-rigorously in the physics literature. We also
establish a conjecture, due to Kesten and Revesz, that describes the
asymptotics for the number of steps needed by simple random walk in Z^2 to
cover the disc of radius n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2791 </DOCNO>
Labyrinthic granular landscapes


  We have numerically studied an evolution model of granular landscape eroded
by wind. We show the appearance of labyrinthic patterns when the wind
orientation turns by $90^\circ$. The occurence of such structures are
discussed. Moreover, we introduce the density $n_k$ of `defects' as the dynamic
parameter governing the landscape evolution. A power law behavior of $n_k$ is
found as a function of time. In the case of wind variations, the exponent
(drastically) shifts from 2 to 1. The presence of two asymptotic values of
$n_k$ implies the existence of a memory affect of the granular topography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4812 </DOCNO>
Chaos suppression in the large size limit for long-range systems


  We consider the class of long-range Hamiltonian systems first introduced by
Anteneodo and Tsallis and called the alpha-XY model. This involves N classical
rotators on a d-dimensional periodic lattice interacting all to all with an
attractive coupling whose strength decays as r^{-alpha}, r being the distances
between sites. Using a recent geometrical approach, we estimate for any
d-dimensional lattice the scaling of the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) with N
as a function of alpha in the large energy regime where rotators behave almost
freely. We find that the LLE vanishes as N^{-kappa}, with kappa=1/3 for alpha/d
between 0 and 1/2 and kappa=2/3(1-alpha/d) for alpha/d between 1/2 and 1. These
analytical results present a nice agreement with numerical results obtained by
Campa et al., including deviations at small N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87290 </DOCNO>
The generally covariant locality principle -- A new paradigm for local


  A new approach to the model-independent description of quantum field theories
will be introduced in the present work. The main feature of this new approach
is to incorporate in a local sense the principle of general covariance of
general relativity, thus giving rise to the concept of a "locally covariant
quantum field theory". Such locally covariant quantum field theories will be
described mathematically in terms of covariant functors between the categories,
on one side, of globally hyperbolic spacetimes with isometric embeddings as
morphisms and, on the other side, of *-algebras with unital injective
*-endomorphisms as morphisms. Moreover, locally covariant quantum fields can be
described in this framework as natural transformations between certain
functors. The usual Haag-Kastler framework of nets of operator-algebras over a
fixed spacetime background-manifold, together with covariant automorphic
actions of the isometry-group of the background spacetime, can be re-gained
from this new approach as a special case. Examples of this new approach are
also outlined. In case that a locally covariant quantum field theory obeys the
time-slice axiom, one can naturally associate to it certain automorphic
actions, called ``relative Cauchy-evolutions'', which describe the dynamical
reaction of the quantum field theory to a local change of spacetime background
metrics. The functional derivative of a relative Cauchy-evolution with respect
to the spacetime metric is found to be a divergence-free quantity which has, as
will be demonstrated in an example, the significance of an energy-momentum
tensor for the locally covariant quantum field theory. Furthermore, we discuss
the functorial properties of state spaces of locally covariant quantum field
theories that entail the validity of the principle of local definiteness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76419 </DOCNO>
Dimming Supernovae without Cosmic Acceleration


  We present a simple model where photons propagating in extra-galactic
magnetic fields can oscillate into very light axions. The oscillations may
convert some of the photons departing a distant supernova into axions, making
the supernova appear dimmer and hence more distant than it really is. Averaging
over different configurations of the magnetic field we find that the dimming
saturates at about 1/3 of the light from the supernovae at very large
redshifts. This results in a luminosity-distance vs. redshift curve almost
indistinguishable from that produced by the accelerating Universe, if the axion
mass and coupling scale are m ~ 10^-16 eV, M ~ 4 10^11 GeV. This phenomenon may
be an alternative to the accelerating Universe for explaining supernova
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4419 </DOCNO>
Identification and Characterization of Two Energy Gaps in


  This paper reports specific-heat measurements on superconducting MgB2 in
magnetic fields to 9 T. In zero magnetic field the data can be fitted to a
two-gap model, which is a generalization of a semi-empirical model for
strong-coupled, single-gap superconductors (the alpha-model), to within the
precision of the data. Both gaps close at Tc, with one gap larger and one
smaller than the BCS weak-coupling-limit. (The two gaps have a ratio ~ 4:1.)
Each gap accounts for ~ 50% of the normal electron density of states. The
parameters characterizing the fits agree well with those from recent
spectroscopic measurements and theory. In magnetic fields the superconductong
anomaly is broadened as expected for an anisotropic, randomly-oriented
superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168370 </DOCNO>
Efficient Implementation and the Product State Representation of Numbers


  The relation between the requirement of efficient implementability and the
product state representation of numbers is examined. Numbers are defined to be
any model of the axioms of number theory or arithmetic. Efficient
implementability (EI) means that the basic arithmetic operations are physically
implementable and the space-time and thermodynamic resources needed to carry
out the implementations are polynomial in the range of numbers considered.
Different models of numbers are described to show the independence of both EI
and the product state representation from the axioms. The relation between EI
and the product state representation is examined. It is seen that the condition
of a product state representation does not imply EI. Arguments used to refute
the converse implication, EI implies a product state representation, seem
reasonable; but they are not conclusive. Thus this implication remains an open
question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75470 </DOCNO>
On the Optimum Long Baseline for the Next Generation Neutrino


  For high energy long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments, we propose a
Figure of Merit criterion to compare the statistical quality of experiments at
various oscillation distances under the condition of identical detectors and a
given neutrino beam. We take into account all possible experimental errors
under general consideration. In this way the Figure of Merit is closely related
to the usual statistical criterion of number of sigmas. We use a realistic
neutrino beam for an entry level neutrino factory and a possible superbeam from
a meson source and a 100 kt detector for the calculation. We considered in
detail four oscillation distances, 300 km, 700 km, 2100 km and 3000 km, in the
neutrino energy range of 0.5-20 GeV for a 20 GeV entry level neutrino factory
and a 50 GeV superbeam. We found that the very long baselines of 2100 km and
3000 km are preferred for the neutrino factory according to the figure of merit
criterion. Our results also show that, for a neutrino factory, lower primary
muon energies such as 20 GeV are preferred rather than higher ones such as 30
or 50 GeV. For the superbeam, the combination of a long baseline such as 300 km
and a very long baseline like 2100 km will form a complete measurement of the
oscillation parameters besides the CP phase. To measure the CP phase in a
superbeam, a larger detector (a factor 3 beyond what is considered in this
article) and/or a higher intensity beam will be needed to put some significant
constraints on the size of the CP angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75824 </DOCNO>
Timelike Compton scattering: exclusive photoproduction of lepton pairs


  We investigate the exclusive photoproduction of a heavy timelike photon which
decays into a lepton pair, gamma p -> l+ l- p. This can be seen as the analog
of deeply virtual Compton scattering, and we argue that the two processes are
complementary for studying generalized parton distributions in the nucleon. In
an unpolarized experiment the angular distribution of the leptons readily
provides access to the real part of the Compton amplitude. We estimate the
possible size of this effect in kinematics where the Compton process should be
dominated by quark exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74380 </DOCNO>
Chiral Extrapolations and Exotic Meson Spectrum


  We examine the chiral corrections to exotic meson masses calculated in
lattice QCD. In particular, we ask whether the non-linear chiral behavior at
small quark masses, which has been found in other hadronic systems, could lead
to large corrections to the predictions of exotic meson masses based on linear
extrapolations to the chiral limit. We find that our present understanding of
exotic meson decay dynamics suggests that open channels may not make a
significant contribution to such non-linearities whereas the virtual, closed
channels may be important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72392 </DOCNO>
Rare radiative B decays in perturbative QCD


  We report on recent progress on perturbative QCD calculations of certain
exclusive rare weak $B$ meson decays involving hard photons. In the limit of a
photon energy $E_\gamma$ much larger than $\Lambda_{QCD}$, the amplitudes for
such processes can be analyzed in a twist expansion in powers of
$\Lambda/E_\gamma$. The leading twist amplitude is given by the convolution of
a hard scattering amplitude with the $B$ meson light-cone wavefunction. This
approach is applied to a calculation of the leptonic radiative $B\to \gamma
\ell \nu_\ell$ formfactors and to an estimate of the weak annihilation
contribution to the penguin decays $B\to \rho(\omega)\gamma$. As an application
we discuss a few methods for constraining the unitarity triangle with exclusive
radiative B decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 732 </DOCNO>
Estimation of matrix element effects and determination of the Fermi


  The strong dependence of the momentum distribution of the photoelectrons on
experimental conditions raises the question as to whether angle-resolved
photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is able to provide an accurate reflection of
the Fermi surface in Bi-based cuprate superconductors. In this paper we
experimentally prove that the main contribution to the intensity variation
comes from matrix elements effects and develop an approach to overcome this
problem. We introduce a concept of 'self-normalization' which makes the spectra
essentially independent of both the matrix elements and particular experimental
parameters. On the basis of this concept we suggest a simple and precise method
of Fermi surface determination in quasi-2D systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149629 </DOCNO>
Non Abelian Toda models and Constrained KP hierarchies


  A general construction of affine Non Abelian Toda models in terms of gauged
two loop WZNW model is discussed. Its connection to non relativistic models
corresponding to constrained KP hierarchies is established in terms of time
evolution associated to positive and negative grading of the Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128103 </DOCNO>
Tracing out the northern stream of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy with


  Standard cosmology predicts that dwarfs were the first galaxies to be formed
in the Universe and that many of them merge afterwards to form bigger galaxies
such as the Milky Way. This process would have left behind traces such as tidal
debris or tidal streams in the outer halo. We report here the detection of two
new tidal debris of the northern stream of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, based
in the analysis of wide field, deep color- magnitude diagrams. These detections
provide strong observational evidence that the stripped debris of Sagittarius
extends up to 60 degrees from its center, suggesting that the stream of this
galaxy completely wraps the Milky Way in an almost polar orbit. Our negative
detections also suggest the stream is narrow, supporting a nearly spherical
Milky Way dark matter halo potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72635 </DOCNO>
The Instanton/Sphaleron Mechanism of Prompt Gluon Production in High


  We argue that if the growing part of hadron-hadron cross section (described
phenomenologically by the supercritical soft Pomeron) is due to
instanton/sphaleron mechanism, one should find certain qualitative features of
the produced cluster which differ from the usual string fragmentation.
Furthermore, we suggest that this mechanism should be even more important for
heavy ion collisions in the RHIC energy domain. Large number of parton-parton
collisions should result in hundreds of produced sphaleron-like gluomagnetic
clusters per unit rapidity. Unlike perturbative gluons (or mini-jets), these
{\em classically unstable} objects promptly decay into several gluons and
quarks in mini-explosions, leading to very rapid entropy generation. This may
help to explain why the QGP seem to be produced at RHIC so early. We further
argue that this mechanism cannot be important at higher energies (LHC), where
perturbative description should apply.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128711 </DOCNO>
Radial B-V/V-K color gradients, extinction-free Q_BVK combined color


  In this paper we model and analyse the B-V/V-K radial color gradients
observed in the Cartwheel ring galaxy. Along with the color-color diagrams, we
use the Q_BVK combined color indices, which minimise the uncertainties in the
observed B-V and V-K colors introduced by dust extinction. To model the optical
and near-infrared color properties of the Cartwheel galaxy, we assume that an
intruder galaxy generates an expanding ring density wave in the Cartwheel's
disk, which in its turn triggers massive star formation along the wave's
perimeter according to the Schmidt law. We use the population synthesis to
calculate the color properties of stellar populations formed in the expanding
density wave. The results of color modelling suggest that the pre-collision
Cartwheel was a late-type spiral, embedded in an extensive gaseous disk of
sub-critical surface density. The properties of the old stellar disk are
typical for the late-type Freeman disks, with the central surface brightness in
V-band and the scale length being 21.0 mag arcsec^-2 and 2 kpc respectively.
The pre-collision gaseous disk has a metallicity gradient ranging from
z=z_sun/5 at the outer regions to z=z_sun in the central regions. At present,
the wave of star formation has passed the initial extent of the pre-collision,
old stellar disk and is currently moving in the predominantly gaseous,
low-metallicity disk at the radius of 16 kpc. Neither young stellar populations
formed in an expanding density wave, nor their mixture with the old,
pre-collision stellar populations can reproduce the B-V and V-K colors of the
Cartwheel's nucleus+inner ring. We find that an additional 10-Myr-old burst of
star formation in the nuclear regions, along with the visual extinction of 1.3
mag, might be responsible for the peculiar colors of the Cartwheel's nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7261 </DOCNO>
Bell inequalities and entanglement in solid state devices


  Bell-inequality checks constitute a probe of entanglement -- given a source
of entangled particles, their violation are a signature of the non-local nature
of quantum mechanics. Here, we study a solid state device producing pairs of
entangled electrons, a superconductor emitting Cooper pairs properly split into
the two arms of a normal-metallic fork with the help of appropriate filters. We
formulate Bell-type inequalities in terms of current-current cross-correlators,
the natural quantities measured in mesoscopic physics; their violation provides
evidence that this device indeed is a source of entangled electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7127 </DOCNO>
CP_N Solitons in Quantum Hall Systems


  We will present here an elementary pedagogical introduction to $CP_N$
solitons in quantum Hall systems. We begin with a brief introduction to both
$CP_N$ models and to quantum Hall (QH) physics. Then we focus on spin and
layer-spin degrees of freedom in QH systems and point out that these are in
fact $CP_N$ fields for N=1 and N=3. Excitations in these degrees of freedom
will be shown to be topologically non-trivial soliton solutions of the
corresponding $CP_N$ field equations. This is followed by a brief summary of
our own recent work in this area, done with Sankalpa Ghosh. [ Invited Plenary
Lecture at the International Conference on Geometry, Integrability and
Nonlinearity in Condensed Matter & Soft Condensed Matter Physics held at
Bansko, Bulgaria, July 15-20, 2001. ]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149298 </DOCNO>
Constructing Bidimensional Scalar Field Theory Models From Zero Mode


  In this paper we review how to reconstruct scalar field theories in two
dimensional spacetime starting from solvable Schrodinger equations. Three
different Schrodinger potentials are analyzed. We obtained two new models
starting from the Morse and Scarf II hyperbolic potentials, {\it i.e}, the
$U(\phi)=\phi^2\ln^2(\phi^2)$ model and $U(\phi)=\phi^2\cos^2(\ln(\phi^2))$
model respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168656 </DOCNO>
Signal-Locality in Hidden-Variables Theories


  We prove that all deterministic hidden-variables theories, that reproduce
quantum theory for a 'quantum equilibrium' distribution of hidden variables,
predict the existence of instantaneous signals at the statistical level for
hypothetical 'nonequilibrium ensembles'. This signal-locality theorem
generalises yet another property of the pilot-wave theory of de Broglie and
Bohm. The theorem supports the hypothesis that in the remote past the universe
relaxed to a state of statistical equilibrium (at the hidden-variable level) in
which nonlocality happens to be masked by quantum noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150048 </DOCNO>
Note on mirror symmetry and coisotropic D-branes on tori


  We describe mirror symmetry on higher dimensional tori, paying special
attention to the behaviour of D-branes under mirror symmetry. To find the
mirror D-branes the description of mirror symmetry on D-branes due to Ooguri,
Oz en Yin is used. This method allows us to deal with the coisotropic D-branes
recently introduced by Kapustin and Orlov. We compare this to the description
of mirror symmetry on D-branes using the Fourier-Mukai transform of charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127659 </DOCNO>
Envelope tomography of long-period variable stars II. Method


  A tomographic method is described that makes it possible to follow the
propagation of shock waves across the photosphere of long-period variable
stars. The method relies on the correlation of the observed spectrum with
numerical masks probing layers of different atmospheric depths. The formation
depth of spectral lines is derived from synthetic spectra of non-variable red
giant stars. When applied to Mira stars around maximum light, the tomographic
masks reveal that the deepest photospheric layers are generally characterized
by blueshifted absorption lines (attesting their upward motion), whereas the
uppermost layers generally exhibit redshifted absorption lines (indicating
their infalling motion). Double absorption lines are found in intermediate
layers, where the shock front is located. At later phases, the shock front is
seen moving towards upper layers, until it leaves the photosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83634 </DOCNO>
Mathematics of learning


  We study the convergence properties of a pair of learning algorithms
(learning with and without memory). This leads us to study the dominant
eigenvalue of a class of random matrices. This turns out to be related to the
roots of the derivative of random polynomials (generated by picking their roots
uniformly at random in the interval [0, 1], although our results extend to
other distributions). This, in turn, requires the study of the statistical
behavior of the harmonic mean of random variables as above, which leads us to
delicate question of the rate of convergence to stable laws and tail estimates
for stable laws. The reader can find the proofs of most of the results
announced here in the paper entitled "Harmonic mean, random polynomials, and
random matrices", by the same authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98987 </DOCNO>
Normal shift in general Lagrangian dynamics


  It is well known that Lagrangian dynamical systems naturally arise in
describing wave front dynamics in the limit of short waves (which is called
pseudoclassical limit or limit of geometrical optics). Wave fronts are the
surfaces of constant phase, their points move along lines which are called
rays. In non-homogeneous anisotropic media rays are not straight lines. Their
shape is determined by modified Lagrange equations. An important observation is
that for most usual cases propagating wave fronts are perpendicular to rays in
the sense of some Riemannian metric. This happens when Lagrange function is
quadratic with respect to components of velocity vector. The goal of paper is
to study how this property transforms for the case of general (non-quadratic)
Lagrange function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148132 </DOCNO>
D-brane Solutions in Non-Commutative Gauge Theory on Fuzzy Sphere


  Non-commutative gauge theory on fuzzy sphere was obtained by Alekseev et al.
as describing the low energy dynamics of a spherical D2-brane in S^3 with the
background b-field. We identify a subset of solutions of this theory which are
analogs of ``unstable'' solitons on a non-commutative flat D2-brane found by
Gopakumar et al. Analogously to the flat case, these solutions have the
interpretation as describing D0-branes ``not yet dissolved'' by the D2-brane.
We confirm this interpretation by showing the precise agreement of the binding
energy computed in the non-commutative and ordinary Born-Infeld descriptions.
We then study stability of the solution describing a single D0-brane off a
D2-brane. Similarly to the flat case, we find an instability when the D0-brane
is located close to the D2-brane. We furthermore obtain the complete mass
spectrum of 0-2 fluctuations, which thus gives a prediction for the low energy
spectrum of the 0-2 CFT in S^3. We also discuss in detail how the instability
to a formation of the fuzzy sphere modifies the usual Higgs mechanism for small
separation between the branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125170 </DOCNO>
Carbon Recombination Lines from the Galactic Plane at 34.5 & 328 MHz


  We present results of a search for carbon recombination lines in the Galaxy
at 34.5 MHz (C$575\alpha$) made using the dipole array at Gauribidanur near
Bangalore. Observations made towards 32 directions, led to detections of lines
in absorption at nine positions. Followup observations at 328 MHz
(C$272\alpha$) using the Ooty Radio Telescope detected these lines in emission.
A VLA D-array observation of one of the positions at 330 MHz yielded no
detection implying a lower limit of 10' for the angular size of the line
forming region.
  The longitude-velocity distribution of the observed carbon lines indicate
that the line forming region are located mainly between 4 kpc and 7 kpc from
the Galactic centre. Combining our results with published carbon recombination
line data near 76 MHz (\nocite{erickson:95} Erickson \et 1995) we obtain
constraints on the physical parameters of the line forming regions. We find
that if the angular size of the line forming regions is $\ge 4^{\circ}$, then
the range of parameters that fit the data are: \Te $= 20-40$ K, \ne $\sim
0.1-0.3$ \cm3 and pathlengths $\sim 0.07-0.9$ pc which may correspond to thin
photo-dissociated regions around molecular clouds. On the other hand, if the
line forming regions are $\sim 2^{\circ}$ in extent, then warmer gas (\Te $\sim
60-300$ K) with lower electron densities (\ne $\sim 0.03-0.05$ \cm3) extending
over several tens of parsecs along the line of sight and possibly associated
with atomic \HI gas can fit the data. Based on the range of derived parameters,
we suggest that the carbon line regions are most likely associated with
photo-dissociation regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7397 </DOCNO>
Circuit Theory for Full Counting Statistics in Multi-Terminal Circuits


  We propose a theory that treats the current, noise, and, generally, the full
current statistics of electron transfer in a mesoscopic system in a unified,
simple and efficient way. The theory appears to be a circuit theory of $2\times
2$ matrices associated with Keldysh Green functions. We illustrate the theory
by considering the big fluctuations of currents in various three-terminal
circuits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 608 </DOCNO>
Tapping Thermodynamics of the One Dimensional Ising Model


  We analyse the steady state regime of a one dimensional Ising model under a
tapping dynamics recently introduced by analogy with the dynamics of
mechanically perturbed granular media. The idea that the steady state regime
may be described by a flat measure over metastable states of fixed energy is
tested by comparing various steady state time averaged quantities in extensive
numerical simulations with the corresponding ensemble averages computed
analytically with this flat measure. The agreement between the two averages is
excellent in all the cases examined, showing that a static approach is capable
of predicting certain measurable properties of the steady state regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2159 </DOCNO>
Optical phonons of superconducting infinite-layer compounds


  We have identifies the otical phonon modes of the superconducting
infinite-layer compounds Sr$_{0.9}Ln_{0.1}$CuO$_2$ ($Ln$ = La, Gd, Sm; $T_c$ =
43 K for all) from their infrared reflectivity spectra obtained with a
Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer on high-quality high-purity samples
synthesized under high pressure. The La- and the Gd-doped compounds exhibited
only four (2$A_{\rm 2u}$+2$E_{\rm u}$) out of the five (2$A_{\rm 2u}$+3$E_{\rm
u}$) infrared-active phonon modes predicted by a group theoretical analysis
whereas the Sm-doped compound exhibited all five modes. We propose the atomic
displacement pattern for each phonon mode based on reported lattice dynamics
calculations and through comparison with the phonon modes of other single-layer
high-$T_{\rm c}$ cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113707 </DOCNO>
Planar microfluidics - liquid handling without walls


  The miniaturization and integration of electronic circuitry has not only made
the enormous increase in performance of semiconductor devices possible but also
spawned a myriad of new products and applications ranging from a cellular phone
to a personal computer. Similarly, the miniaturization and integration of
chemical and biological processes will revolutionize life sciences. Drug design
and diagnostics in the genomic era require reliable and cost effective high
throughput technologies which can be integrated and allow for a massive
parallelization. Microfluidics is the core technology to realize such
miniaturized laboratories with feature sizes on a submillimeter scale. Here, we
report on a novel microfluidic technology meeting the basic requirements for a
microfluidic processor analogous to those of its electronic counterpart: Cost
effective production, modular design, high speed, scalability and
programmability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4925 </DOCNO>
Review of superconducting properties of MgB2


  This review paper illustrates the main normal and superconducting state
properties of magnesium diboride, a material known since early 1950's, but
recently discovered to be superconductive at a remarkably high critical
temperature Tc=40K for a binary compound. What makes MgB2 so special? Its high
Tc, simple crystal structure, large coherence lengths, high critical current
densities and fields, transparency of grain boundaries to current promises that
MgB2 will be a good material for both large scale applications and electronic
devices. During the last seven month, MgB2 has been fabricated in various
forms, bulk, single crystals, thin films, tapes and wires. The largest critical
current densities >10MA/cm2 and critical fields 40T are achieved for thin
films. The anisotropy ratio inferred from upper critical field measurements is
still to be resolved, a wide range of values being reported, between 1.2 and 9.
Also there is no consensus about the existence of a single anisotropic or
double energy gap. One central issue is whether or not MgB2 represents a new
class of superconductors, being the tip of an iceberg who awaits to be
discovered. Up to date MgB2 holds the record of the highest Tc in its class.
However, the discovery of superconductivity in MgB2 revived the interest in
non-oxides and initiated a search for superconductivity in related materials,
several compounds being already announced to become superconductive: TaB2,
BeB2.75, C-S composites, and the elemental B under pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41508 </DOCNO>
Weak scale: Dynamical determination versus accidental stabilization


  Is it a mere accident that the weak scale is exactly so much smaller than the
Planck scale, and at the same time exactly so much larger than the QCD scale?
Or are the experimentally-measured values of the corresponding gauge couplings
enough to help us determine dynamically these energy scales? And if nature has
indeed offered us the possibility of such a determination, why dismiss it and
fix these scales instead by means of arbitrary parameters within a multitude of
jejune theoretical frameworks which make this wonderful hierarchy seem
fortuitous?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1898 </DOCNO>
Spinon excitation and M\"obius boundary condition in S=1/2


  We investigate the low-lying excitation of the antiferromagnetic zigzag spin
ladder with M\"obius boundary condition. Using the Lanczos and Householder
diagonalization methods, we calculate the excitation spectrum of the zigzag
ladder in the momentum space. We then show that the topological defect
generated by the M\"obius boundary provides the clear evidence of the single
spinon excitation. On the basis of the obtained single-spinon dispersion curve,
we analyze the two-spinon scattering states under the usual periodic boundary
condition. We further discuss the interaction effect between the spinons, and
the connection to the cusp singularity in the magnetization process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98421 </DOCNO>
On nonlinear equations integrable in theta functions of nonprincipally


  The formula of expanding the Abel variety theta function restricted to Abel
subvariety into theta functions of this subvariety is obtained. With the help
of this formula the solution of differential equations with Jacobi theta
functions, restricted on a nonprincipally polarized Abel subvariety and their
translations are rewritten in terms of the theta functions of these
subvarieties. This is exemplified by the CKP equations, the Bogoyavlenskij
system, and the Toda $g_2^{(1)}$-chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113834 </DOCNO>
Chaos in the Music of the Spheres


  The light curves (time series of the radiated energy) of most large
amplitude, pulsating stars such as the well known Cepheid stars are regular.
However, a smaller group of variable stars that are located next to them in the
Hertzsprung- Russell diagram undergoes irregular light variations and exhibits
irregular radial velocities as well. The mechanism behind this irregular
behavior was a long standing mystery. A flow reconstruction technique based on
the observed lightcurves of six separate stars shows that their underlying
dynamics is chaotic and low dimensional (d=4). Furthermore, we present evidence
that the physical mechanism behind the behavior is the nonlinear interaction of
just two pulsation eigenmodes. In a generalized Shil'nikov scenario, the
pulsation energy alternates continuously, but irregularly between a lower
frequency mode that is linearly unstable and thus growing, and a stable
overtone that gets entrained through a low order resonance (2:1), but that
wants to decay. The flow reconstruction from the stellar light curve thus
yields interesting physical insight into the pulsation mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150086 </DOCNO>
Observables of String Field Theory


  We study gauge invariant operators of open string field theory and find a
precise correspondence with on-shell closed strings. We provide a detailed
proof of the gauge invariance of the operators and a heuristic interpretation
of their correlation functions in terms of on-shell scattering amplitudes of
closed strings. We also comment on the implications of these operators to
vacuum string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128136 </DOCNO>
The Galactic Halo UV Field, Magellanic Stream and High Velocity Clouds


  Significant numbers of high-velocity HI clouds (HVCs) have now been detected
in H-alpha, with a subset seen in low ionization lines (e.g. [NII]). It was
originally hoped that the observed H-alpha strength would provide a distance
constraint to individual clouds. This idea requires that a useful fraction
(f_esc > 1%) of ionizing photons escape the Galaxy, and that the halo ionizing
field is relatively smooth, as we discuss. Most HVCs which are known to be
close to the Sun are H-alpha; the brightest clouds also show enhanced [NII]
emission, in contrast to the Magellanic Stream where the low ionization
emission lines are always weak compared to H-alpha. But an acute complication
for H-alpha distances is the apparent H-alpha brightness of the Magellanic
Stream along several sight lines. To account for this, we present three
possible configurations for the Magellanic Stream and propose a follow-up
experiment. If we normalize the distances to local HVCs, some HVCs appear to be
scattered throughout the Galactic halo on scales of tens of kiloparsecs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124457 </DOCNO>
Modeling the evolution of Sakurai's object


  Sakurai's object is a born again AGB star of the very late thermal pulse
flavor. In this contribution I will discuss new models of stellar evolution and
nucleosynthesis models of this phase. Two most intriguing properties of
Sakurai's objects have so far not been understood theoretically: the peculiar
chemical appearance, in particular the high lithium abundance and the short
time scale of only a few years on which the transition from the dwarf
configuration into the born again giant appearance has occurred. A new
nucleosynthesis mode of hot hydrogen-deficient He3 burning can explain the
extraordinary lithium abundance. During the thermal pulse He3 is ingested from
the envelope together with the protons into the hot He-flash convection zone.
The first network calculations show that due to the large C12 abundance protons
are rather captured by carbon than destroy newly formed Be7 and ultimately Li7.
Moreover, the short evolution time scale has been reproduced by making the
assumption that the convective efficiency for element mixing is smaller by two
to three orders of magnitude than predicted by the mixing-length theory. As a
result the main energy generation from fast convective proton capture will
occur at a larger mass coordinate, closer to the surface and the expansion to
the giant state is accelerated to a few years in agreement with Sakurai's
behavior. This result may represent an independent empirical constraint on the
poorly known efficiency of element mixing in convective zones of the stellar
interior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174805 </DOCNO>
New Results on Pb-Au Collisions at 40 AGeV from the CERES/NA45


  In 1999 the CERES/NA45 ran at the CERN SPS with a beam energy of 40
GeV/nucleon. The data set comprises about 8.7 millions Pb-Au events with a
trigger selection corresponding to approximately the most central 30% of the
geometrical cross section. Results on low-mass electron pair analysis are
presented.
 The upgrade of the experimental setup with the radial drift TPC has allowed to
enhance hadron physics capabilities of the experiment. New results on hadron
spectra (including Lambda) and flow are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74008 </DOCNO>
Analysis of direct CP violation in $B^- \to D^0 D_s^-, D^0 D^-$ decays


  We investigate the possibility of observing the direct CP violation in the
decay modes $B^- \to D^0 D_s^-$ and $D^0 D^-$ within the Standard Model.
Including the contributions arising from the tree, annihilation, QCD as well as
electroweak penguins with both time- and space-like components, we find that
the direct CP asymmetry in $B^- \to D^0 D_s^-$ is very small $\sim 0.2$ % but
in $B^- \to D^0 D^- $ decay it can be as large as 4%. Approximately $10^7$
charged $B$ mesons are required to experimentally observe the CP asymmetry
parameter for the later case. Since this is easily accessible with the
currently running B factories, the decay mode $B^- \to D^0 D^-$ may be pursued
to look for CP violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128812 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission from a merger remnant, NGC 7252,the "Atoms-for-Peace"


  We observed a nearby merger remnant NGC 7252 with the X-ray satellite ASCA,
and detected X-ray emission with the X-ray flux of (1.8+/-0.3)E-13 ergs/s/cm/cm
in the 0.5 - 10 keV band. This corresponds to the X-ray luminosity of 8.1E40
ergs/s. The X-ray emission is well described with a two-component model: a soft
component with kT =0.72+/-0.13 keV and a hard component with kT > 5.1 keV.
Although NGC 7252 is referred to as a dynamically young protoelliptical, the
0.5 - 4 keV luminosity of the soft component is about 2E40 ergs/s, which is low
for an early-type galaxy. The ratio of L_X/L_FIR suggests that the soft
component originated from the hot gas due to star formation. Its low luminosity
can be explained by the gas ejection from the galaxy as galaxy winds. Our
observation reveals the existence of hard X-ray emission with the 2 - 10 keV
luminosity of 5.6E40 ergs/s. This may indicate the existence of nuclear
activity or intermediate-mass black hole in NGC 7252.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3683 </DOCNO>
Charge profile of surface doped C60


  We study the charge profile of a C60-FET (field effect transistor) as used in
the experiments of Schoen, Kloc and Batlogg. Using a tight-binding model, we
calculate the charge profile treating the Coulomb interaction in a mean-field
approximation. The charge profile behaves similarly to the case of a continuous
space-charge layer, in particular it is confined to a single interface layer
for doping higher than ~0.3 electron (or hole) per C60 molecule. The morahedral
disorder of the C60 molecules smoothens the structure in the density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126998 </DOCNO>
Reconstructing cosmological fields using tessellation methods


  Astronomical observations, physical experiments as well as computer
simulations often involve discrete data sets supposed to represent a fair
sample of an underlying smooth and continuous field. Reconstructing the
underlying fields from a set of irregularly sampled data is therefore a
recurring key issue in operations on astronomical data sets. Conventional
methods involve artificial filtering through a grid or a smoothing kernel and
fail to achieve an optimal result. Here we describe a fully self-adaptive
geometric method which does not make use of artificial filtering, and which
makes optimal use of the available information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83998 </DOCNO>
Quality Control, Testing and Deployment Results in NIF ICCS


  The strategy used to develop the NIF Integrated Computer Control System
(ICCS) calls for incremental cycles of construction and formal test to deliver
a total of 1 million lines of code. Each incremental release takes four to six
months to implement specific functionality and culminates when offline tests
conducted in the ICCS Integration and Test Facility verify functional,
performance, and interface requirements. Tests are then repeated on line to
confirm integrated operation in dedicated laser laboratories or ultimately in
the NIF. Test incidents along with other change requests are recorded and
tracked to closure by the software change control board (SCCB). Annual
independent audits advise management on software process improvements.
Extensive experience has been gained by integrating controls in the prototype
laser preamplifier laboratory. The control system installed in the preamplifier
lab contains five of the ten planned supervisory subsystems and seven of
sixteen planned front-end processors (FEPs). Beam alignment, timing, diagnosis
and laser pulse amplification up to 20 joules was tested through an automated
series of shots. Other laboratories have provided integrated testing of six
additional FEPs. Process measurements including earned-value, product size, and
defect densities provide software project controls and generate confidence that
the control system will be successfully deployed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98425 </DOCNO>
A semicontinuous trace for almost local operators on an open manifold


  A semicontinuous semifinite trace is constructed on the C*-algebra generated
by the finite propagation operators acting on the L^2-sections of a hermitian
vector bundle on an amenable open manifold of bounded geometry. This trace is
the semicontinuous regularization of a functional already considered by J. Roe.
As an application, we show that, by means of this semicontinuous trace,
Novikov-Shubin numbers for amenable manifolds can be defined (cf.
math.OA/9802015 for an alternate definition). 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123861 </DOCNO>
On the Binding Energy Parameter of Common Envelope Evolution. Dependency


  According to the standard picture for binary interactions, the outcome of
binaries surviving the evolution through a common envelope (CE) and spiral-in
phase is determined by the internal structure of the donor star at the onset of
the mass transfer, as well as the poorly-known efficiency parameter, eta_CE},
for the ejection of the H-envelope of the donor. In this Research Note we
discuss the bifurcation point which separates the ejected, unprocessed H-rich
material from the inner core region of the donor (the central part of the star
which will later contract to form a compact object). We demonstrate that the
exact location of this point is very important for evaluating the binding
energy parameter, lambda, which is used to determine the post-CE orbital
separation. Here we compare various methods to define the bifurcation point
(core/envelope boundary) of evolved stars with masses 4, 7, 10 and 20 M_sun. We
consider the specific nuclear energy production rate profile, the change in the
mass-density gradient (Bisscheroux 1998), the inner region containing less than
10% hydrogen, the method suggested by Han et al. (1994) and the entropy
profile. We also calculated effective polytropic index profiles. The entropy
profile method measures the convective boundary (at the onset of flatness in
the specific entropy) which is not equivalent to the core boundary for RGB
stars. Hence, this method is not applicable for RGB stars, unless the actual
bifurcation point of a CE is located at the bottom of the outer convection zone
(resulting in larger values of lambda and larger post-CE orbital separations).
On the AGB, where highly degenerate and condensed cores are formed, we find
good agreement between the various methods, except for massive (20 M_sun)
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129198 </DOCNO>
A New Way to Detect Massive Black Holes in Galaxies: The Stellar


  We point out that the tidal disruption of a giant may leave a luminous
(10^35-10^39 ergs/s), hot (10-100 eV) stellar core. The ``supersoft'' source
detected by Chandra at the center of M31 may be such a core; whether or not it
is, the observations have shown that such a core is detectable, even in the
center of a galaxy. We therefore explore the range of expected observational
signatures and how they may be used to (1) test the hypothesis that the M31
source is a remnant of tidal stripping and (2) discover evidence of black holes
and disruption events in other galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72379 </DOCNO>
Uncertainties of predictions from parton distribution functions II: the


  We develop a general method to quantify the uncertainties of parton
distribution functions and their physical predictions, with emphasis on
incorporating all relevant experimental constraints. The method uses the
Hessian formalism to study an effective chi-squared function that quantifies
the fit between theory and experiment. Key ingredients are a recently developed
iterative procedure to calculate the Hessian matrix in the difficult global
analysis environment, and the use of parameters defined as components along
appropriately normalized eigenvectors. The result is a set of 2d Eigenvector
Basis parton distributions (where d=16 is the number of parton parameters) from
which the uncertainty on any physical quantity due to the uncertainty in parton
distributions can be calculated. We illustrate the method by applying it to
calculate uncertainties of gluon and quark distribution functions, W boson
rapidity distributions, and the correlation between W and Z production cross
sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168935 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cooperative Games


  We study two forms of a symmetric cooperative game played by three players,
one classical and other quantum. In its classical form making a coalition gives
advantage to players and they are motivated to do so. However in its quantum
form the advantage is lost and players are left with no motivation to make a
coalition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86506 </DOCNO>
Open Strings in the SL(2,R) WZWN Model with Solution for a Rigidly


  Boundary conditions and gluing conditions for open strings and D-branes in
the $SL(2,R)$ WZWN model, corresponding to $AdS_3$, are discussed. Some
boundary conditions and gluing conditions previously considered in the
literature are shown to be incompatible with the variation principle.
  We then consider open string boundary conditions corresponding to a certain
{\it field-dependent} gluing condition. This allows us to consider open strings
with constant energy and angular momentum. Classically, these open strings
naturally generalize the open strings in flat Minkowski space. For rigidly
rotating open strings, we show that the torsion leads to a bending and an
unfolding. We also derive the $SL(2,R)$ Regge relation, which generalizes the
linear Minkowski Regge relation. For "high" mass, it takes the form $L\approx
\pm M/H$, where $H$ is the scale of the $SL(2,R)$ group manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73726 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Structure and Flavor Symmetry Breaking in Supersymmetric SO(n_c)


  We determine the vacuum structure and phases of N=1 theories obtained via a
mass \mu for the adjoint chiral superfield in N=2, SO(n_c) SQCD. For large
number of flavors these theories have two groups of vacua. The first exhibits
dynamical breaking of flavor symmetry \USp(2n_f) \to U(n_f) and arises as a
relevant deformation of a non-trivial superconformal theory. These are in the
confined phase. The second group, in an IR-free phase with unbroken flavor
symmetry, is produced from a Coulomb branch singularity with Seiberg's dual
gauge symmetry. In the large-\mu regime both groups of vacua are well-described
by dual quarks and mesons, and dynamical symmetry breaking in the first group
occurs via meson condensation. We follow the description of these vacua from
weak to strong coupling and demonstrate a nontrivial agreement between the
phases and the number of vacua in the two regimes. We construct the
semiclassical monopole flavor multiplets and argue that their multiplicity is
consistent with the number of N=1 vacua.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126674 </DOCNO>
Velocity dispersions of dwarf spheroidal galaxies: dark matter versus


  We present predictions for the line-of-sight velocity dispersion profiles of
dwarf spheroidal galaxies and compare them to observations in the case of the
Fornax dwarf. The predictions are made in the framework of standard dynamical
theory of spherical systems with different velocity distributions. The stars
are assumed to be distributed according to Sersic laws with parameters fitted
to observations. We compare predictions obtained assuming the presence of dark
matter haloes (with density profiles adopted from N-body simulations) versus
those resulting from Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). If the anisotropy of
velocity distribution is treated as a free parameter observational data for
Fornax are reproduced equally well by models with dark matter and with MOND. If
stellar mass-to-light ratio of $1 M_{\sun}/L_{\sun}$ is assumed, the required
mass of the dark halo is $1.5 \times 10^9 M_{\sun}$, two orders of magnitude
bigger than the mass in stars. The derived MOND acceleration scale is $a_0 =
2.1 \times 10^{-8}$ cm/s$^2$. In both cases a certain amount of tangential
anisotropy in the velocity distribution is needed to reproduce the shape of the
velocity dispersion profile in Fornax.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168295 </DOCNO>
The zero energy quantum informtaiton processing


  In contradistinction with some plausible statements of the information
theory, we point out the possibility of the zero energy quantum information
processing. Particularly, we investigate the rate of the entanglement formation
in the operation of the quantum "oracles" employing the "quantum parallelism",
and we obtain that the relative maximum of the rate of the operation
distinguishes the zero average energy of interaction in the composite system
"input register + output register". This result is reducible to neither of the
previously obtained bounds, and therefore represents a new bound for the
nonorthogonal state transformations in the quantum information theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76240 </DOCNO>
Quest for Localized 4-D Black Holes in Brane Worlds


  We investigate the possibility of obtaining localized black hole solutions in
brane worlds by introducing a dependence of the four-dimensional line--element
on the extra dimension. An analysis, performed for the cases of an empty bulk
and of a bulk containing either a scalar or a gauge field, reveals that no
conventional type of matter can support such a dependence. Considering a
particular ansatz for the five-dimensional line--element that corresponds to a
black hole solution with a ``decaying'' horizon, we determine the bulk
energy--momentum tensor capable of sustaining such a behaviour. It turns out
that an exotic, shell-like distribution of matter is required. For such
solutions, the black hole singularity is indeed localized near the brane and
the spacetime is well defined near the AdS horizon, in contrast to the
behaviour found in black string type solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113442 </DOCNO>
Quantization of the Coulomb Chain in an External Focusing Field


  With the appropriate choice of parameters and sufficient cooling, charged
particles in a circular accelerator are believed to undergo a transition to a
highly-ordered crystalline state. The simplest possible crystalline
configuration is a one-dimensional chain of particles. In this paper, we write
down the quantized version of its dynamics. We show that in a low-density
limit, the dynamics is that of a theory of interacting phonons. There is an
infinite sequence of $n$-phonon interaction terms, of which we write down the
first orders, which involve phonon scattering and decay processes. The quantum
formulation developed here can serve as a first step towards a
quantum-mechanical treatment of the system at finite temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2310 </DOCNO>
Vortices in Trapped Superfluid Fermi-gases


  We consider a superfluid of trapped fermionic atoms and study the single
vortex solution in the Ginzburg-Landau regime. We define simple analytical
estimates for the main characteristics of the system, such as the vortex core
size, temperature regimes for the existence of a vortex, and the effects of
rotation and interactions with normal fermions. The parameter dependence of the
vortex core size (healing length) is found to be essentially different from
that of the healing length in metallic superconductors or in trapped atomic BEC
in the Thomas-Fermi limit. This is an indication of the importance of the
confining geometry for the properties of fermionic superfluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73869 </DOCNO>
Damping scales of neutralino cold dark matter


  The lightest supersymmetric particle, most likely the neutralino, might
account for a large fraction of dark matter in the Universe. We show that the
primordial spectrum of density fluctuations in neutralino cold dark matter
(CDM) has a sharp cut-off due to two damping mechanisms: collisional damping
during the kinetic decoupling of the neutralinos at about 30 MeV (for typical
neutralino and sfermion masses) and free streaming after last scattering of
neutralinos. The last scattering temperature is lower than the kinetic
decoupling temperature by one order of magnitude. The cut-off in the primordial
spectrum defines a minimal mass for CDM objects in hierarchical structure
formation. For typical neutralino and sfermion masses the first gravitationally
bound neutralino clouds have to have masses above 10^(-7) solar masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2680 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-y}$ at T$<$T$_c$ based on Cu(2)


  Two maxima in transverse relaxation rate of Cu(2) nuclei in
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-y}$ are observed, at T = 35 K and T = 47 K. Comparison of
the $^{63}$Cu(2) and $^{65}$Cu(2) rates at T = 47 K indicates the magnetic
character of relaxation. The enhancement at T = 47 K of fluctuating local
magnetic fields perpendicular to the CuO$_2$ planes is connected with the
critical fluctuations of orbital currents. Maximum at T = 35 K is connected
with the appearance of inhomogeneous supeconducting phase. Together with data
published to date, our experimental results allow to suggest a qualitatively
new phase diagram of the superconducting phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73991 </DOCNO>
Multi--Layer Structure in the Strongly Coupled 5D Abelian Higgs Model


  We explore the phase diagram of the five-dimensional anisotropic Abelian
Higgs model by Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, we study the transition
between the confining phase and the four dimensional layered Higgs phase. We
find that, in a certain region of the lattice parameter space, this transition
can be first order and that each layer moves into the Higgs phase independently
of the others (decoupling of layers). As the Higgs couplings vary, we find,
using mean field techniques, that this transition may probably become second
order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3401 </DOCNO>
The boson-fermion model with on-site Coulomb repulsion between fermions


  The boson-fermion model, describing a mixture of itinerant electrons
hybridizing with tightly bound electron pairs represented as hard-core bosons,
is here generalized with the inclusion of a term describing on-site Coulomb
repulsion between fermions with opposite spins. Within the general framework of
the Dynamical Mean-Field Theory, it is shown that around the symmetric limit of
the model this interaction strongly competes with the local boson-fermion
exchange mechanism, smoothly driving the system from a pseudogap phase with
poor conducting properties to a metallic regime characterized by a substantial
reduction of the fermionic density. On the other hand, if one starts from
correlated fermions described in terms of the one-band Hubbard model, the
introduction in the half-filled insulating phase of a coupling with hard-core
bosons leads to the disappearance of the correlation gap, with a consequent
smooth crossover to a metallic state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149688 </DOCNO>
Novel Type I Compactifications


  We argue that there are two distinct classes of type I compactification to
four dimensions on any space. These two classes are distinguished in a
mysterious way by the presence (or absence) of a discrete 6-form potential. In
simple examples, duality suggests that the new class of compactifications have
reduced numbers of moduli. We also point out analogous discrete choices in M, F
and type II compactifications, including some with $G_2$ holonomy. These
choices often result in spaces with frozen singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98431 </DOCNO>
Generalised supersymmetric fluxbranes


  We classify generalised supersymmetric fluxbranes in type II string theory
obtained as Kaluza-Klein reductions of the Minkowski space vacuum of
eleven-dimensional supergravity. We obtain two families of smooth solutions
which contains all the known solutions, new solutions called nullbranes, and
solutions interpolating between them. We explicitly construct all the solutions
and we study the U-duality orbits of some of these backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3873 </DOCNO>
Oscillating magnetoresistance in diluted magnetic semiconductor barrier


  Ballistic spin polarized transport through diluted magnetic semiconductor
(DMS) single and double barrier structures is investigated theoretically using
a two-component model. The tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of the system
exhibits oscillating behavior when the magnetic field are varied. An
interesting beat pattern in the TMR and spin polarization is found for
different NMS/DMS double barrier structures which arises from an interplay
between the spin-up and spin-down electron channels which are splitted by the
s-d exchange interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74088 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Saturation Hypothesis and QCD Sum Rules


  The accuracy of the vacuum saturation hypothesis is discussed using the
examples of vacuum expectation values of four-quark operators and the parameter
$B$, which determines the short-distance contribution to the $K^0 - \bar K^0$
mixing. Note added: The approach based on sum rules in position (x-)space as
elaborated in the paper is relevant and useful tool for the current
phenomenology. In particular, it provides the unique possibility of direct
non-perturbative estimation of the VEV's of four-quark operators renormalized
in any scheme, including the MSbar one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41202 </DOCNO>
A new measurement of K+(e4) decay and the s-wave pi-pi-scattering length


  A sample of 400000 events from the decay K+->pi+pi-e+nu(e)(K(e4)) has been
collected in experiment E865 at the Brookhaven AGS. The analysis of these data
yields new measurements of the K(e4) branching ratio
(4.11+-0.01+-0.11)*10**(-5)), the s-wave pi-pi scattering length
a00=0.228+-0.012+-0.003, and the form factors F, G, and H of the hadronic
current and their dependence on the invariant pi-pi mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96967 </DOCNO>
Rational Generalised Moonshine from Abelian Orbifoldings of the


  We consider orbifoldings of the Moonshine Module with respect to the abelian
group generated by a pair of commuting Monster group elements with one of prime
order $p=2,3,5,7$ and the other of order $pk$ for $k=1$ or $k$ prime. We show
that constraints arising from meromorphic orbifold conformal field theory allow
us to demonstrate that each orbifold partition function with rational
coefficients is either constant or is a hauptmodul for an explicitly found
modular fixing group of genus zero. We thus confirm in the cases considered the
Generalised Moonshine conjectures for all rational modular functions for the
Monster centralisers related to the Baby Monster, Fischer, Harada-Norton and
Held sporadic simple groups. We also derive non-trivial constraints on the
possible Monster conjugacy classes to which the elements of the orbifolding
abelian group may belong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169293 </DOCNO>
Purification of entangled coherent states


  We suggest an entanglement purification scheme for mixed entangled coherent
states using 50-50 beam splitters and photodetectors. This scheme is directly
applicable for mixed entangled coherent states of the Werner type, and can be
useful for general mixed states using additional nonlinear interactions. We
apply our scheme to entangled coherent states decohered in a vacuum environment
and find the decay time until which they can be purified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72941 </DOCNO>
Non-linear evolution and parton distributions at LHC and THERA energies


  We suggest a new procedure for extrapolating the parton distributions from
HERA energies to higher energies at THERA and LHC. The procedure suggested
consists of two steps: first, we solve the non-linear evolution equation which
includes the higher twists contributions, however this equation is deficient
due to the low ($log(1/x)$) accuracy of our calculations. Second, we introduce
a correcting function for which we write a DGLAP type linear evolution
equation. We show that this correcting function is small in the whole kinematic
region and decreases at low $x$. The nonlinear evolution equation is solved
numerically and first estimates for the saturation scale, as well as for the
value of the gluon density at THERA and LHC energies are made. We show that
non-linear effects lead to damping of the gluon density by a factor of
 $2 \div 3$ at $x \approx 10^{-7}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74920 </DOCNO>
Stability of bound states in the light-front Yukawa model


  We show that in the system of two fermions interacting by scalar exchange,
the solutions for J$^{\pi}$=$0^+$ bound states are stable without any cutoff
regularization, for values of the coupling constant $\alpha$ below a critical
value $\alpha_c$. This latter is calculated from an eigenvalue equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167964 </DOCNO>
Enhanced absorption Hanle effect on the Fg=F->Fe=F+1 closed transitions


  We analyse the Hanle effect on a closed $F_g\to F_e=F_g+1$ transition. Two
configurations are examined, for linear- and circular-polarized laser
radiation, with the applied magnetic field collinear to the laser light
wavevector. We describe the peculiarities of the Hanle signal for
linearly-polarized laser excitation, characterized by narrow bright resonances
at low laser intensities. The mechanism behind this effect is identified, and
numerical solutions for the optical Bloch equations are presented for different
transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96403 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of autonomous systems with external forces


  We consider a geometric framework for analytical mechanics with external
forces. Four versions of this framework are considered. A variational principle
with boundary terms and external forces.The second and the third versions are
the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations,respectively. The last one is the
Poisson formulation. An extensive introductory section presents some well known
and some little known geometric constructions to put our formulation in the
appropriate setting to make the comparison of the different formulations
easier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74707 </DOCNO>
A Simple Varying-alpha Cosmology


  We investigate the cosmological consequences of a simple theory in which the
electric charge $e$ is allowed to vary. The theory is locally gauge and Lorentz
invariant, and satisfies general covariance. We find that in this theory the
fine structure 'constant', $\alpha $, remains almost constant in the radiation
era, undergoes small increase in the matter era, but approaches a constant
value when the universe starts accelerating because of the presence of a
positive cosmological constant. This model satisfies geonuclear,
nucleosynthesis, and CMB constraints on time-variation in $\alpha $, while
fitting simultaneously the observed accelerating universe and the recent
high-redshift evidence for small $\alpha $ variations in quasar spectra. The
model also places specific restrictions on the nature of the dark matter.
Further tests, involving stellar spectra and the E\"otv\"os experiment, are
proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148683 </DOCNO>
The formulation of the Chern-Simons action for general compact Lie


  We formulate the Chern-Simons action for any compact Lie group using Deligne
cohomology. This action is defined as a certain function on the space of smooth
maps from the underlying 3-manifold to the classifying space for principal
bundles. If the 3-manifold is closed, the action is a function with values in
complex numbers. If the 3-manifold is not closed, then the action is a section
of a Hermitian line bundle associated with the Riemann surface which appears as
the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6614 </DOCNO>
Vortex states in a mesoscopic superconducting triangle


  The set of the nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau equations is solved for an Al
mesoscopic superconducting triangle of finite thickness. We calculate the
distributions of the superconducting phase in the triangle and of the magnetic
field in and near the triangle. The distribution of the superconducting phase
in the triangle is studied as a function of the applied magnetic field.
Possible scenarios of penetration of the magnetic field into the triangle are
analyzed. We consider two different states: a single vortex state and a state
in the form of a symmetric combination of three vortices and an antivortex with
vorticity L_a = - 2 ("3 - 2" combination). The free energy calculations show
that a single vortex penetrates the triangle through a midpoint of one side.
The "3 - 2" combination turns out to be thermodynamically preferable when the
vortices are close to the center of the triangle. Equilibrium is achieved when
a single vortex (or each component of the "3 - 2" combination) is in the center
of the triangle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87043 </DOCNO>
Normal frames for linear connections in vector bundles and the


  Frames normal for linear connections in vector bundles are defined and
studied. In particular, such frames exist at every fixed point and/or along
injective path. Inertial frames for gauge fields are introduced and on this
ground the principle of equivalence for (system of) gauge fields is formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5233 </DOCNO>
Bond-Dilution Effects on Two-Dimensional Spin-Gapped Heisenberg


  Bond-dilution effects on spin-1/2 spin-gapped Heisenberg antiferromagnets of
coupled alternating chains on a square lattice are investigated by means of the
quantum Monte Carlo method. It is found that, in contrast with the site-diluted
system having an infinitesimal critical concentration, the bond-diluted system
has a finite critical concentration of diluted bonds, $x_{c}$, above which the
system is in an antiferromagnetic (AF) long-range ordered phase. In the
disordered phase below $x_{c}$, plausibly in the concentration region
significantly less than $x_{c}$, the system has a spin gap due to singlet pairs
of induced magnetic moments reformed by the AF interactions through the
two-dimensional shortest paths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97662 </DOCNO>
Pushing disks apart - The Kneser-Poulsen conjecture in the plane


  We give a proof of the planar case of a longstanding conjecture of Kneser
(1955) and Poulsen (1954). In fact, we prove more by showing that if a finite
set of disks in the plane is rearranged so that the distance between each pair
of centers does not decrease, then the area of the union does not decrease, and
the area of the intersection does not increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127583 </DOCNO>
Cataclysmic Variables with Evolved Secondaries and the Progenitors of AM


  We present the results of a systematic study of cataclysmic variables (CVs)
and related systems, combining detailed binary-population synthesis (BPS)
models with a grid of 120 binary evolution sequences calculated with a
Henyey-type stellar evolution code. In these sequences, we used 3 masses for
the white dwarf (0.6, 0.8, 1.0 Msun) and seven masses for the donor star in the
range of 0.6-1.4 Msun. The shortest orbital periods were chosen to have
initially unevolved secondaries, and the longest orbital period for each
secondary mass was taken to be just longer than the bifurcation period (16 - 22
hr), beyond which systems evolve towards long orbital periods. These
calculations show that systems which start with evolved secondaries near the
end or just after their main-sequence phase become ultra-compact systems with
periods as short as 7 min. These systems are excellent candidates for AM CVn
stars. Using a standard BPS code, we show how the properties of CVs at the
beginning of mass transfer depend on the efficiency for common-envelope (CE)
ejection and the efficiency of magnetic braking. In our standard model, where
CE ejection is efficient, some 10 per cent of all CVs have initially evolved
secondaries (with a central hydrogen abundance X_c < 0.4) and ultimately become
ultra-compact systems (implying a Galactic birthrate for AM CVn-like stars of
10^{-3} yr^{-1}). Almost all CVs with orbital periods longer than 5 hr are
found to have initially evolved or relatively massive secondaries. We show that
their distribution of effective temperatures is in good agreement with the
distribution of spectral types obtained by Beuermann et al. (1998).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5499 </DOCNO>
Importance Sampling in Rigid Body Diffusion Monte Carlo


  We present an algorithm for rigid body diffusion Monte Carlo with importance
sampling, which is based on a rigorous short-time expansion of the Green's
function for rotational motion in three dimensions. We show that this
short-time approximation provides correct sampling of the angular degrees of
freedom, and provides a general way to incorporate importance sampling for all
degrees of freedom. The full importance sampling algorithm significantly
improves both calculational efficiency and accuracy of ground state properties,
and allows rotational and bending excitations in molecular van der Waals
clusters to be studied directly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 708 </DOCNO>
Electron transmission through molecules and molecular interfaces


  Electron transmission through molecules and molecular interfaces has been a
subject of intensive research due to recent interest in electron transfer
phenomena underlying the operation of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
on one hand, and in the transmission properties of molecular bridges between
conducting leads on the other. In these processes the traditional molecular
view of electron transfer between donor and acceptor species give rise to a
novel view of the molecule as a current carrying conductor, and observables
such as electron transfer rates and yields are replaced by the conductivities,
or more generally by current-voltage relationships, in molecular junctions.
  In this paper I review the current knowledge and understanding of this field,
with particular emphasis on theoretical issues. Different approaches to
computing the conduction properties of molecules and molecular assemblies are
reviewed, and the relationships between them are discussed. Following a
detailed discussion of static junctions models, a review of our current
understanding of the role played by inelastic processes, dephasing and thermal
relaxation effects, is provided. The most important molecular environment for
electron transfer and transmission is water, and our current theoretical
understanding of electron transmission through water layers is reviewed.
Finally, a brief discussion of overbarrier transmission, exemplified by
photoemission through adsorbed molecular layers or low energy electron
transmission through such layers is provided. Similarities and differences
between the different systems studied are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85898 </DOCNO>
Note on Invariants of the Weyl Tensor


  Algebraically special gravitational fields are described using algebraic and
differential invariants of the Weyl tensor. A type III invariant is also given
and calculated for Robinson-Trautman spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86204 </DOCNO>
Stability Analysis of Anisotropic Inflationary Cosmology


  The stability analysis of an anisotropic inflationary universe of the four
dimensional Neveu-Schwarz--Neveu-Schwarz string model with a nonvanishing
cosmological constant is discussed in this paper. The accelerating expansion
solution found earlier is shown to be stable against the perturbations with
respect to the dilaton and axion fields once the dilaton field falls close to
the local minimum of the symmetry-breaking potential. This indicates that the
Bianchi I space tends to evolve to an isotropic flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker
space. This expanding solution is also shown to be stable against the
perturbation with respect to anisotropic spatial directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128545 </DOCNO>
Solar-like oscillations of semiregular variables


  Oscillations of the Sun and solar-like stars are believed to be excited
stochastically by convection near the stellar surface. Theoretical modeling
predicts that the resulting amplitude increases rapidly with the luminosity of
the star. Thus one might expect oscillations of substantial amplitudes in red
giants with high luminosities and vigorous convection. Here we present evidence
that such oscillations may in fact have been detected in the so-called
semiregular variables, extensive observations of which have been made by
amateur astronomers in the American Association for Variable Star Observers
(AAVSO). This may offer a new opportunity for studying the physical processes
that give rise to the oscillations, possibly leading to further information
about the properties of convection in these stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98104 </DOCNO>
Exterior algebra resolutions arising from homogeneous bundles


  For the exterior algebra E over a vector space, we consider general maps E^a
-> E(1)^b and general symmetric and skew-symmetric maps E^a -> E(1)^a and
describe the associated exterior algebra resolutions.
  Using the theory of homogeneous bundles on homogeneous varieties we also
describe the exterior algebra resolutions of much wider classes of maps E^a ->
E(r)^b.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125522 </DOCNO>
Two-sided radio emission in ON231 (W Comae)


  Recent radio images of the BL Lac object ON231 (W Com, 1219+285) show
remarkable new features in the source structure compared to those previously
published. The images were obtained from observations made with the European
VLBI Network plus MERLIN at 1.6 GHz and 5 GHz after the exceptional optical
outburst occurred in Spring 1998. The up-to-date B band historic light curve of
ON231 is also presented together with the R band luminosity evolution in the
period 1994--1999. We identify the source core in the radio images with the
brightest component having the flattest spectrum. A consequence of this
assumption is the existence of a two--sided emission in ON231 not detected in
previous VLBI images. A further new feature is a large bend in the jet at about
10 mas from the core. The emission extends for about 20 mas after the bend,
which might be due to strong interaction with the environment surrounding the
nucleus. We suggest some possible interpretations to relate the changes in the
source structure with the optical and radio flux density variation in the frame
of the unification model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41381 </DOCNO>
The Proposed CLEO-c Program and R Measurement Prospects


  The proposed experimental program (CLEO-c) for a charm factory based on a
modification of the Cornell Electron Storage Ring is summarized. The prospects
for R measurements over the range 3 GeV to 7 GeV are examined in detail.
Adapted from "CLEO-c and CESR-c: A New Frontier of Weak and Strong
Interactions", the CLEO-c project description, by the CLEO Collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113975 </DOCNO>
First Lasing of Volume FEL (VFEL) at Wavelength Range $\lambda \sim $


  First lasing of volume free electron laser (VFEL) is described. The
generating system consists of two metal diffraction grating with different
spatial periods. The first grating creates the conditions for Smith Purcell
emission mechanism. The second grating provides the distributed feedback for
emitted wave. The length of diffraction grating is 10 cm. Electron beam pulse
with a time duration $\tau \sim$ 10 ms has a sinusoidal form with the amplitude
varied from 1 to ~10 kV. The measured microwave power reached the value of
about 3-4 W in mm wavelength range. The generation stops at threshold current
value. When the current tends to the threshold value, the region of generation
tends to a narrow band near to 5 kV. At higher current values the radiation
appears in electron energy range 5 - 7.5 KeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126606 </DOCNO>
Penetrating the Mask: The Gravitational Torque of Bars


  The Hubble classification scheme of galaxies is based on blue-light
appearance. Atlases reveal the rich variety of responses of the Population I
component (the "mask") of gas and dust to the underlying, older, stellar
population. However, the Population I component may only constitute 5 percent
of the dynamical mass of the galaxy; furthermore, dusty masks are highly
effective in hiding bars. In the 1960s, Ken Freeman presented a meticulous
study of the dynamics of bars at a time when nonbarred galaxies were called
"normal" spirals and barred galaxies were regarded as curiosities. Now we know
that it is more "normal" for a galaxy to be barred than to be nonbarred. What
is the range for gravitational torques of bars? We describe here a recently
developed method for deriving relative bar torques by using gravitational
potentials inferred from near-infrared light distributions. We incorporate a
bar torque class into the Block/Puerari dust-penetrated galaxy classification
system. We find a huge overlap in relative bar torque between Hubble (Sa, Sb,
 ...) and (SBa, SBb, ...) classifications. Application of the method to the
high redshift universe is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72450 </DOCNO>
Dependence of energy loss of jets on the initial thermodynamic state of


  The dependence of the radiative energy loss of fast partons on the initial
thermodynamic parameters is studied for deconfined matter to be expected at
RHIC. We demonstrate that the specific QCD radiation pattern with a quadratic
dependence of the energy loss on the propagated distance leads to a strong
increase of the energy loss with increasing initial entropy of deconfined
matter supposed its life-time is less than the average time to pass through the
medium. This is in contrast to a parameterization with constant energy loss per
unit length of propagation. For a sufficiently high initial temperature a
two-regime behavior of the energy loss as a function of the initial parton
momentum occurs. The angular structure of the energy loss of hard jets with
respect to the initial temperature is also discussed for RHIC conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76298 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Masses in GUTs and the Baryon Asymmetry


  We discuss the implications of large neutrino mixings for grand unified
theories based on the seesaw mechanism. In SU(5) GUTs large mixings can be
accomodated by means of $U(1)_F$ flavour symmetries. In these models the heavy
Majorana neutrinos are essentially decoupled from low energy neutrino physics.
On the contrary in SO(10) GUTs large neutrino mixings severely constrain the
mass spectrum of the heavy Majorana neutrinos. This leads to predictions for a
variety of observables in neutrino physics as well as for the cosmological
baryon asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125850 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the Globular Cluster System Associated with M87 (NGC 4486).


  We present a dynamical analysis of the globular cluster system associated
with M87 (= NGC 4486), the cD galaxy near the dynamical center of the Virgo
cluster. The analysis utilizes a new spectroscopic and photometric database
which is described in a companion paper (Hanes et al. 2001). Using a sample of
278 globular clusters with measured radial velocities and metallicities, and
new surface density profiles based on wide-field Washington photometry, we
study the dynamics of the M87 globular cluster system both globally --- for the
entire cluster sample --- and separately --- for the metal-rich and metal-poor
globular cluster samples. This constitutes the largest sample of radial
velocities for pure Population II tracers yet assembled for any galaxy. We
discuss the implications of our findings for models for the formation of giant
elliptical galaxies, globular cluster systems, and the Virgo cluster.
(ABRIDGED)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99263 </DOCNO>
The Character of the Principal Series of Representations of the Real


  The character of the principal series of representations of SL(n,R) is
evaluated by using Gel'fand and Naimark's definition of character. This
representation is realized in the space of functions defined on the right coset
space of SL(n,R) with respect to the subgroup of real triangular matrices. This
form of the representations considerably simplifies the problem of
determination of the integral kernel of the group ring which is fundamental in
the Gel'fand-Naimark theory of character. An important feature of the principal
series of representations is that the `elliptic' elements of SL(n,R) do not
contribute to its character.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124015 </DOCNO>
Beaming in Gamma-Ray Bursts: Evidence for a Standard Energy Reservoir


  Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most brilliant objects in the Universe but
efforts to estimate the total energy released in the explosion -- a crucial
physical quantity -- have been stymied by their unknown geometry: spheres or
cones. We report on a comprehensive analysis of GRB afterglows and derive their
conical opening angles. We find that the gamma-ray energy release, corrected
for geometry, is narrowly clustered around 5x10**50 erg. We draw three
conclusions. First, the central engines of GRBs release energies that are
comparable to ordinary supernovae, suggesting a connection. Second, the wide
variation in fluence and luminosity of GRBs is due entirely to a distribution
of opening angles. Third, only a small fraction of GRBs are visible to a given
observer and the true GRB rate is at least a factor of 500 times larger than
the observed rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86084 </DOCNO>
Is particle creation by the gravitational field consistent with energy


  If particle creation is described by a Bogoliubov transformation, then, in
the Heisenberg picture, the raising and lowering operators are time dependent.
On the other hand, this time dependence is not consistent with field equations
and the conservation of the stress-energy tensor. Possible physical
interpretations and resolutions of this inconsistency are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96251 </DOCNO>
A model for the quasi-static growth of brittle fractures: existence and


  We give a precise mathematical formulation of a variational model for the
irreversible quasi-static evolution of brittle fractures proposed by G.A.
Francfort and J.-J. Marigo, and based on Griffith's theory of crack growth. In
the two-dimensional case we prove an existence result for the quasi-static
evolution and show that the total energy is an absolutely continuous function
of time, although we can not exclude that the bulk energy and the surface
energy may present some jump discontinuities. This existence result is proved
by a time discretization process, where at each step a global energy
minimization is performed, with the constraint that the new crack contains all
cracks formed at the previous time steps. This procedure provides an effective
way to approximate the continuous time evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41852 </DOCNO>
The Width Difference of $B_d$ Mesons


  We estimate $\dg/\Gamma_d$, including $1/m_b$ contributions and part of the
next-to-leading order QCD corrections. We find that adding the latter
corrections decreases the value of $\dg/\Gamma_d$ computed at the leading order
by a factor of almost 2. We also show that under certain conditions an upper
bound on the value of $\dg/\Gamma_d$ in the presence of new physics can be
derived. With the high statistics and accurate time resolution of the upcoming
LHC experiment, the measurement of $\dg$ seems to be possible. This measurement
would be important for an accurate measurement of $\sin(2\beta)$ at the LHC. In
addition, we point out the possibility that the measurement of the width
difference leads to a clear signal for new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86587 </DOCNO>
Quantum Information and Quantum Black Holes


  First, the relation between black holes and limitations on information of
other systems is developed. After reviewing the relation of entropy to
information, we derive the entropy bound, review its applications to cosmology
and its extensions to higher dimensions, and discuss why black holes behave as
1-D objects when emitting entropy. We also discuss fundamental limitations on
the information of pulses in curved space, and on the rate of disposal of
information into a black hole. We then move on to a discussion of quantum black
holes motivated by the adiabatic invariance of horizon area of classical holes.
We develop an algebraic formalism based on symmetry which gives information on
the area (or mass) spectrum of quantum black holes, and on the degeneracy of
the levels. This last turns out to be consistent with the horizon area-black
hole entropy proportionality while leaving room for corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5804 </DOCNO>
The large-scale structure of semantic networks: statistical analyses and


  We present statistical analyses of the large-scale structure of three types
of semantic networks: word associations, WordNet, and Roget's thesaurus. We
show that they have a small-world structure, characterized by sparse
connectivity, short average path-lengths between words, and strong local
clustering. In addition, the distributions of the number of connections follow
power laws that indicate a scale-free pattern of connectivity, with most nodes
having relatively few connections joined together through a small number of
hubs with many connections. These regularities have also been found in certain
other complex natural networks, such as the world wide web, but they are not
consistent with many conventional models of semantic organization, based on
inheritance hierarchies, arbitrarily structured networks, or high-dimensional
vector spaces. We propose that these structures reflect the mechanisms by which
semantic networks grow. We describe a simple model for semantic growth, in
which each new word or concept is connected to an existing network by
differentiating the connectivity pattern of an existing node. This model
generates appropriate small-world statistics and power-law connectivity
distributions, and also suggests one possible mechanistic basis for the effects
of learning history variables (age-of-acquisition, usage frequency) on
behavioral performance in semantic processing tasks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2864 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic Domain Distribution in Thin Films During Magnetization


  We have shown that polarized neutron reflectometry can determine in a
model-free way not only the mean magnetization of a ferromagnetic thin film at
any point of a hysteresis cycle, but also the mean square dispersion of the
magnetization vectors of its lateral domains. This technique is applied to
elucidate the mechanism of the magnetization reversal of an exchange-biased
Co/CoO bilayer. The reversal process above the blocking temperature is governed
by uniaxial domain switching, while below the blocking temperature the reversal
of magnetization for the trained sample takes place with substantial domain
rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75916 </DOCNO>
Precision Electroweak Data: Phenomenological Analysis


  The precision electroweak program, including weak neutral current (WNC),
$Z$-pole, and high energy collider experiments, has been the primary prediction
and test of electroweak unification. It has established that the standard model
(SM) is correct and unique to first approximation, establishing the gauge
principle as well as the SM gauge group and representations; shown that the SM
is correct at loop level, confirming the basic principles of renormalizable
gauge theory and allowing the successful prediction or constraint on $m_t$,
$\alpha_s$, and $M_H$; severely constrained new physics at the TeV scale, with
the ideas of unification strongly favored over TeV-scale compositeness; and
yielded precise values for the gauge couplings, consistent with
(supersymmetric) gauge unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41478 </DOCNO>
Energy loss of fast quarks in nuclei


  We report an analysis of the nuclear dependence of the yield of Drell-Yan
(DY) dimuons from the 800 GeV/c proton bombardment of $^2H$, C, Ca, Fe, and W
targets. A light-cone formulation of the DY process is employed in the rest
frame of the nucleus. In this frame, for $x_2\ll x_1$, DY production appears as
bremsstrahlung of a virtual photon followed by decay into dileptons. We treat
the two sources of nuclear suppression, energy loss and shadowing, in a
consistent formulation. Shadowing, involving no free parameters, is calculated
within the light-cone dipole formalism. Initial-state energy loss, the only
unknown in the problem, is determined from a fit to the nuclear-dependence
ratio versus $x_1$. With the assumption of constant energy loss per unit path
length, we find $-dE/dz = 2.32 \pm 0.52\pm 0.5$ GeV/fm. This is the first
observation of a nonzero energy loss of partons traveling in nuclear
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76595 </DOCNO>
Energy-Momentum Tensor of Field Fluctuations in Massive Chaotic


  We study the renormalized energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the inflaton
fluctuations in rigid space-times during the slow-rollover regime for chaotic
inflation with a mass term. We use dimensional regularization with adiabatic
subtraction and introduce a novel analytic approximation for the inflaton
fluctuations which is valid during the slow-rollover regime. Using this
approximation we find a scale invariant spectrum for the inflaton fluctuations
in a rigid space-time, and we confirm this result by numerical methods. The
resulting renormalized EMT is covariantly conserved and agrees with the
Allen-Folacci result in the de Sitter limit, when the expansion is exactly
linearly exponential in time. We analytically show that the EMT tensor of the
inflaton fluctuations grows initially in time, but saturates to the value H^2
H(0)^2, where H is the Hubble parameter and H(0) is its value when inflation
has started. This result also implies that the quantum production of light
scalar fields (with mass smaller or equal to the inflaton mass) in this model
of chaotic inflation depends on the duration of inflation and is larger than
the usual result extrapolated from the de Sitter result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7297 </DOCNO>
Idealized glass transitions for a system of dumbbell molecules


  The mode-coupling theory for ideal glass transitions in simple systems is
generalized to a theory for the glassy dynamics of molecular liquids using the
density fluctuations of the sites of the molecule's constituent atoms as the
basic structure variables. The theory is applied to calculate the liquid-glass
phase diagram and the form factors for the arrested structure of a system of
symmetric dumbbells of fused hard spheres. The static structure factors, which
enter the equations of motion as input, are calculated as function of the
packing fraction $\phi$ and the molecule's elongation $\zeta$ within the
reference-interaction-site-model and Percus-Yevick theories. The critical
packing fraction $\phi_{c}$ for the glass transition is obtained as
non-monotone function of $\zeta$ with a maximum near $\zeta = 0.43$. A
transition line is calculated separating a small-$\zeta$-glass phase with
ergodic dipole motion from a large-$\zeta$-glass phase where also the
reorientational motion is arrested. The Debye-Waller factors at the transition
are found to be somewhat larger for sufficiently elongated systems than those
for the simple hard-sphere system, but the wave-number dependence of the
glass-form factors is quite similar. The dipole reorientations for $\zeta \ge
0.6$ are arrested as strongly as density fluctuations with wave vectors at the
position of the first sharp diffraction peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83717 </DOCNO>
A Note on the Complexity of Computing the Smallest Four-Coloring of


  We show that computing the lexicographically first four-coloring for planar
graphs is P^{NP}-hard. This result optimally improves upon a result of Khuller
and Vazirani who prove this problem to be NP-hard, and conclude that it is not
self-reducible in the sense of Schnorr, assuming P \neq NP. We discuss this
application to non-self-reducibility and provide a general related result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72691 </DOCNO>
Effective Field Theory for the Crystalline Colour Superconductive Phase


  We present an effective field theory for high density, low temperature QCD in
the crystalline colour superconductive phase (LOFF phase). This interesting
phase of QCD is characterized by a gap parameter with a crystalline pattern,
breaking traslational and rotational invariance, and could have astrophysical
applications. In the effective theory the fermions have a Majorana mass, which,
besides colour, breaks translation and rotation symmetries. Fermions couple to
the three phonons arising from the breaking of rotation and translation
invariance. Integrating out the fermions leads eventually to an effective
lagrangian in terms of the phonon fields only, which satisfies an anisotropic
dispersion relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168272 </DOCNO>
Quantum authentication of classical messages


  Although key distribution is arguably the most studied context on which to
apply quantum cryptographic techniques, message authentication, i.e.,
certifying the identity of the message originator and the integrity of the
message sent, can also benefit from the use of quantum resources. Classically,
message authentication can be performed by techniques based on hash functions.
However, the security of the resulting protocols depends on the selection of
appropriate hash functions, and on the use of long authentication keys. In this
paper we propose a quantum authentication procedure that, making use of just
one qubit as the authentication key, allows the authentication of binary
classical messages in a secure manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168176 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Restrictions on the Distinguishability of Orthogonal


  We analyze the restrictions on the distinguishability of quantum states
imposed by special relativity. An explicit expression relating the error
probability for distinguishing between two orthogonal single-photon states with
the time $T$ elapsed from the start of the measurement procedure until the
measurement result is obtained by the observer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72956 </DOCNO>
Cancellation of Sudakov Logarithms in Radiative Decays of Quarkonia


  We study infrared QCD effects in radiative quarkonia decays. We examine the
endpoint region z -> 1 of the photon spectrum. We point out a cancellation
mechanism for the corrections in $\alpha_s^n \ln^{m} (1-z)$, $m \leq 2 n$, in
the short-distance coefficient for the color-singlet Fock state in the
quarkonium. The cancellation is due to the coherence of the color radiation,
and applies even though logarithmic contributions are present in the jet
distributions associated with the decay. We comment on the implications of our
results for the modeling of hadronization in the endpoint region and for the
role of color-octet states in the quarkonium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4161 </DOCNO>
Photoluminescence Spectra of Quantum Dots: Enhanced Efficiency of the


  A theory of photoluminescence in semiconductor quantum dots is developed
which relies on two key ingredients. First, it takes into account
non-adiabaticity of the exciton-phonon system. Second, it includes the
multimode dielectric model of LO-phonons and of the electron-phonon interaction
in confined systems. The role of non-adiabaticity is shown to be of paramount
importance in spherical quantum dots, where the lowest one-exciton state can be
degenerate or quasi-degenerate. For various quantum dot structures, the
calculated intensities of phonon satellites as a function of temperature,
excitation energy and size of quantum dots are in a fair agreement with
experimental data on photoluminescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86888 </DOCNO>
Coherent states on spheres


  We describe a family of coherent states and an associated resolution of the
identity for a quantum particle whose classical configuration space is the
d-dimensional sphere S^d. The coherent states are labeled by points in the
associated phase space T*(S^d). These coherent states are NOT of Perelomov type
but rather are constructed as the eigenvectors of suitably defined annihilation
operators. We describe as well the Segal-Bargmann representation for the
system, the associated unitary Segal-Bargmann transform, and a natural
inversion formula. Although many of these results are in principle special
cases of the results of B. Hall and M. Stenzel, we give here a substantially
different description based on ideas of T. Thiemann and of K. Kowalski and J.
Rembielinski. All of these results can be generalized to a system whose
configuration space is an arbitrary compact symmetric space. We focus on the
sphere case in order to be able to carry out the calculations in a
self-contained and explicit way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85827 </DOCNO>
Quantum discontinuity between zero and infinitesimal graviton mass with


  We show that the recently demonstrated absence of the usual discontinuity for
massive spin 2 with a Lambda term is an artifact of the tree approximation, and
that the discontinuity reappears at one loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 82 </DOCNO>
Wealth Condensation in Pareto Macro-Economies


  We discuss a Pareto macro-economy (a) in a closed system with fixed total
wealth and (b) in an open system with average mean wealth and compare our
results to a similar analysis in a super-open system (c) with unbounded wealth.
Wealth condensation takes place in the social phase for closed and open
economies, while it occurs in the liberal phase for super-open economies. In
the first two cases, the condensation is related to a mechanism known from the
balls-in-boxes model, while in the last case to the non-integrable tails of the
Pareto distribution. For a closed macro-economy in the social phase, we point
to the emergence of a ``corruption'' phenomenon: a sizeable fraction of the
total wealth is always amassed by a single individual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4138 </DOCNO>
The Band Gap in Silicon Nanocrystallites


  The gap in semiconductor nanocrystallites has been extensively studied both
theoretically and experimentally over the last two decades. We have compared a
recent ``state-of-the-art'' theoretical calculation with a recent
``state-of-the-art'' experimental observation of the gap in Si nanocrystallite.
We find that the two are in substantial disagreement, with the disagreement
being more pronounced at smaller sizes. Theoretical calculations appear to
over-estimate the gap. Recognizing that the experimental observations are for a
distribution of crystallite sizes, we proffer a phenomenological model to
reconcile the theory with the experiment. We suggest that similar
considerations must dictate comparisons between the theory and experiment
vis-a-vis other properties such as radiative rate, decay constant, absorption
coefficient, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126638 </DOCNO>
Classification of Planetary Nebulae by their Departure from Axisymmetry


  We propose a scheme to classify planetary nebulae (PNe) according to their
departure from axisymmetric structure. We consider only departure along and
near the equatorial plane, i.e., between the two sides perpendicular to the
symmetry axis of the nebula. We consider 6 types of departure from axisymmetry:
(1) PNe whose central star is not at the center of the nebula; (2) PNe having
one side brighter than the other; (3) PNe having unequal size or shape of the
two sides; (4) PNe whose symmetry axis is bent, e.g., the two lobes in bipolar
PNe are bent toward the same side; (5) PNe whose main departure from
axisymmetry is in the outer regions, e.g., an outer arc; (6) PNe which show no
departure from axisymmetry, i.e., any departure, if it exists, is on scales
smaller than the scale of blobs, filaments, and other irregularities in the
nebula. We discuss the connection between departure types and the physical
mechanisms that may cause them, mainly due to the influence by a stellar binary
companion. We find that about 50 percents of all PNe possess large-scale
departure from axisymmetry. This number is larger than that expected from the
influence of binary companions, namely 25-30 percents. We argue that this
discrepancy comes from many PNe whose departure from axisymmetry, mainly
unequal size, shape, or intensity, results from the presence of long-lived and
large, hot or cool, spots on the surface of their AGB progenitors. Such spots
locally enhance mass loss rate, leading to a deparure from axisymmetry, mainly
near the equator, in the descendant PN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96943 </DOCNO>
Nonstandard Analysis of Graphs


  This paper shows certain classes of metric spaces characterized by volume
growth properties of balls can viewed as graphs with infinitesimal edges. Our
approach is based on nonstandard analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 386 </DOCNO>
Instability of metal-insulator transition against thermal cycling in


  We show that metal-insulator transition in Pr0.5Ca0.5Mn1-xCrxO3 (x =
0.015-0.025) is unstable against thermal cycling. Insulator-metal transition
shifts down and low temperature resistivity increases each time when the sample
is cycled between a starting temperature TS and a final temperature TF. The
effect is dramatic lower is x. Insulator-metal transition in x = 0.015 can be
completely destroyed by thermal cycling in absence of magnetic field as well as
under H = 2 T. Magnetic measurements suggest that ferromagnetic phase fraction
decreases with thermal cycling. We suggest that increase in strains in
ferromagnetic- charge ordered interface could be a possible origin of the
observed effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98538 </DOCNO>
Linking numbers in rational homology 3-spheres, cyclic branched covers


  We study the linking numbers in a rational homology 3-sphere and in the
infinite cyclic cover of the complement of a knot. They take values in $\Bbb Q$
and in ${Q}({\Bbb Z}[t,t^{-1}])$ respectively, where ${Q}({\Bbb Z}[t,t^{-1}])$
denotes the quotient field of ${\Bbb Z}[t,t^{-1}]$. It is known that the
modulo-$\Bbb Z$ linking number in the rational homology 3-sphere is determined
by the linking matrix of the framed link and that the modulo-${\Bbb
Z}[t,t^{-1}]$ linking number in the infinite cyclic cover of the complement of
a knot is determined by the Seifert matrix of the knot. We eliminate ` modulo
$\Bbb Z$' and ` modulo ${\Bbb Z}[t,t^{-1}]$'. When the finite cyclic cover of
the 3-sphere branched over a knot is a rational homology 3-sphere, the linking
number of a pair in the preimage of a link in the 3-sphere is determined by the
Goeritz/Seifert matrix of the knot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73698 </DOCNO>
Twist Four Longitudinal Structure Function for a Positronium-like Bound


  To have an analytic understanding of the higher-twist structure functions, we
calculate twist four longitudinal structure function for a positronium-like
bound state in weak coupling light-front QED. We find that in the weakly
coupled system, the fermionic part of $F_L$ is related to the kinetic energy of
the fermions and not to the interaction. We verify a previously proposed sum
rule in this limit, which in this case reduces to a relation connecting the
kinetic and the potential energies to the binding energy of positronium. Using
the analytic form of the wave function of positronium in this limit, we show
that the constituent counting rule does not hold for $x \to 1$. The twist four
$F_L$ in this limit is similar in form to a widely used phenomenological
ansatz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114351 </DOCNO>
The NIF Integrated Timing System - Design and Performance


  The National Ignition Facility (NIF) will contain the world's most powerful
laser. NIF requires more than 1500 precisely timed trigger pulses to control
the timing of laser and diagnostic equipment. The Integrated Timing System
applies new concepts to generate and deliver triggers at preprogrammed times to
equipment throughout the laser and target areas of the facility. Trigger pulses
during the last 2 seconds of a shot cycle are required to have a jitter of less
than 20 ps (rms) and a wander of less than 100 ps (max). Also, the Timing
System allows simultaneous, independent use by multiple clients by partitioning
the system hardware into subsets that are controlled via independent software
keys. The hardware necessary to implement the Integrated Timing System is
commercially available. -- This work is performed under the auspices of the
U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
contract No. W-7405-Eng-48.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97444 </DOCNO>
The Strong Macdonald Conjecture


  This paper presents our proof of the "strong Macdonald constant term
conjecture" of P. Hanlon and B. Feigin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96666 </DOCNO>
Geometric flow on compact locally conformally K\"ahler manifolds


  We study two kinds of transformation groups of a compact locally conformally
K\"ahler (l.c.K.) manifold. First we study compact l.c.K. manifolds by means of
the existence of parallel l.c.K. flow ($i.e.,$ a conformal, holomorphic flow
which lifts to an action on the universal cover by non-trivial homotheties with
respect to the K\"ahler metric.) We determine the structure of the compact
l.c.K. manifolds with parallel Lee form. Next, we introduce the
Lee-Cauchy-Riemann (LCR) transformations as a class of diffeomorphisms
preserving the specific $G$-structure of l.c.K. manifolds. We show that compact
l.c.K. manifolds admitting a non-compact $\CC^*$ flow of LCR transformations
are rigid: it is holomorphically conformal to a Hopf manifold with parallel Lee
form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1905 </DOCNO>
Nonadiabatic Pauli susceptibility in fullerene compounds


  Pauli paramagnetic susceptibility $\chi$ is unaffected by the electron-phonon
interaction in the Migdal-Eliashberg context. Fullerene compounds however do
not fulfill the adiabatic assumption of Migdal's theorem and nonadiabatic
effects are expected to be relevant in these materials. In this paper we
investigate the Pauli spin susceptibility in nonadiabatic regime by following a
conserving approach based on Ward's identity. We find that a sizable
renormalization of $\chi$ due to electron-phonon coupling appears when
nonadiabatic effects are taken into account. The intrinsic dependence of $\chi$
on the electron-phonon interaction gives rise to a finite and negative isotope
effect which could be experimentally detected in fullerides. In addition, we
find an enhancement of the spin susceptibility with temperature increasing, in
agreement with the temperature dependence of $\chi$ observed in fullerene
compounds. The role of electronic correlation is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1970 </DOCNO>
Persistence and Life Time Distribution in Coarsening Phenomen


  We investigate the life time distribution in one and two dimensional
coarsening processes modelled by Ising - Glauber dynamics at zero temperature.
We find that the life time distribution obeys a scaling ansatz, asymptotically.
An independent life time model where the life times are sampled from a
distribution with power law tail is presented, which predicts analytically the
qualitative features of the scaling function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149718 </DOCNO>
Framework for finite alternative theories to a quantum field theory


  Using the path-integral formalism, we generalize the 't Hooft-Veltman method
of unitary regulators to put forward a framework for finite, alternative
quantum theories to a given quantum field theory. Feynman-like rules of such a
finite, alternative quantum theory lead to alternative, perturbative Green
functions. Which are acceptably regularized perturbative expansions of the
original Green functions, causal, and imply no unphysical free particles. To
demonstrate that the proposed framework is feasible, we take the quantum field
theory of a single, self-interacting real scalar field and show how we can
alter, covariantly and locally, its free-field Lagrangian to obtain finite,
alternative perturbative Green functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73145 </DOCNO>
Ground and excited scalar isoscalar meson states in a U(3)xU(3) quark


  Ground and first radially excited scalar isoscalar meson states and a scalar
glueball are described in a nonlocal U(3)xU(3) quark model. The glueball is
introduced into the effective meson Lagrangian by means of the dilaton model on
the base of the scale invariance of the meson Lagrangian. The scale invariance
breaking by current quark masses and gluon anomalies is taken into account. The
glueball anomalies turn out to be important for the description of the
glueball-quarkonia mixing. The masses of five scalar isoscalar meson states and
their strong decay widths are calculated. The state f_0(1500) is shown to be
composed mostly of the scalar glueball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87059 </DOCNO>
Lower limits on the maximum orbital frequency around rotating strange


  Observations of kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the X-ray fluxes of
low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) have been used in attempts to constrain the
external metric of the compact members of these binaries, as well as their
masses and the equation of state of matter at supranuclear denisties. We
compute the maximum orbital frequency of stable circular motion around
uniformly rotating strange stars described by the MIT bag model. The
calculations are performed for both normal and supramassive constant baryon
mass sequences of strange stars rotating at all possible rates. We find the
lower limits on the maximum orbital frequency and discuss them for a range of
masses and for all rotational frequencies allowed in the model considered. We
show that for slowly and moderately rotating strange stars the maximum value of
orbital frequency can be a good indicator of the mass of the compact object.
However, for rapidly rotating strange stars the same value of orbital frequency
in the innermost stable circular orbit is obtained for stars with masses
ranging from that of a planetoid to about three solar masses. At sufficiently
high rotation rates of the strange star, the rotational period alone constrains
the stellar mass to a surprisingly narrow range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127048 </DOCNO>
Rapid Formation of Molecular Clouds and Stars in the Solar Neighborhood


  Observations of both star-forming regions and young, gas-free stellar
associations indicate that most nearby molecular clouds form stars only over a
short time span before dispersal; large-scale flows in the diffuse interstellar
medium have the potential for forming clouds sufficiently rapidly, and for
producing stellar populations with ages much less than the lateral crossing
times of their host molecular clouds. We identify four important factors for
understanding rapid star formation and short cloud lifetimes. First, much of
the accumulation and dispersal of clouds near the solar circle might occur in
the atomic phase; only the high-density portion of a cloud's lifecycle is spent
in the molecular phase, thus helping to limit molecular cloud ``lifetimes''.
Second, once a cloud achieves a high enough column density to form $\h2$ and
CO, gravitational forces become larger than typical interstellar pressure
forces; thus star formation can follow rapidly upon molecular gas formation and
turbulent dissipation in limited areas of each cloud complex. Third, typical
magnetic fields are not strong enough to prevent rapid cloud formation and
gravitational collapse. Fourth, rapid dispersal of gas by newly-formed stars,
and reduction of shielding by a small expansion of the cloud after the first
events of star formation, might limit the length of the star formation epoch
and the lifetime of a cloud in its molecular state. This picture emphasizes the
importance of large-scale boundary conditions for understanding molecular cloud
formation, and implies that star formation is a highly dynamic, rather than
quasi-static, process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98097 </DOCNO>
Quantum entanglement and geometry of determinantal varieties


  From the consideration of checking mixed states by separable pure states, we
introduce algebraic sets, which are determinantal varieties in complex
projective spaces or products of complex projective spaces, for mixed states in
bipartite or multipartite quantum systems as their invariants under local
unitary transformations. The algebraic sets of the mixed states are independent
of eigenvalues and only measure the geometric positions of eigenvectors. Thus
complex differential geometry and algebraic geometry of these determinantal
varieties turn to be powerful tools for the study of quantum entanglement of
both bipartite and multipartite mixed states. The algebraic sets have to be the
sum of linear subspaces if the mixed states are separable. Examples of the
entangled mixed states which are invariant under partial transposition (thus
bound entanglement) are constructed systematically from this new separability
criterion. The relation of these invariants and Schmidt numbers of the mixed
states is anlysised and a lower bound for Schmidt numbers of generic low rank
mixed states is proved. We also proved that these algebraic sets are not empty
for low rank mixed states and give a stronger result which can be potentially
used to treat the entanglement of high rank mixed states. Based on these
algebraic sets, a necessary condition of simulating Hamiltonians using local
unitary transformations is given. Many examples of entangled mixed states with
rich algebraic-geometric structure in their associated determinantal varieties
are constructed and studied from this point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127367 </DOCNO>
Two Decades of Hypergiant Research


  This article is a brief review of the research by Dr. C. de Jager and
co-workers over the past twenty years into the physics of hypergiant
atmospheres. Various important results on the microturbulence, mass-loss,
circumstellar environment, atmospheric velocity fields, and the Yellow
Evolutionary Void of these enigmatic stars are summarized. Aspects of recent
developments and future work are also communicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129501 </DOCNO>
Two-integral Schwarzschild models


  We describe a practical method for constructing axisymmetric two-integral
galaxy models (with distribution functions of the form f(E,L_z), in which E is
the orbital energy, and L_z is the vertical component of the angular momentum),
based on Schwarzschild's orbit superposition method. Other f(E,L_z)-methods are
mostly based on solving the Jeans equations or on finding the distribution
function directly from the density, which often places restrictions on the
shape of the galaxy. Here, no assumptions are made and any axisymmetric density
distribution is possible. The observables are calculated (semi-)analytically,
so that our method is faster than most previous, fully numerical
implementations. Various aspects are tested extensively, the results of which
apply directly to three-integral Schwarzschild methods. We show that a given
distribution function can be reproduced with high accuracy and investigate the
behaviour of the parameter that is used to measure the goodness-of-fit.
Furthermore, we show that the method correctly identifies the range of cusp
clopes for which axisymmetric two-integral models with a central black hole do
not exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125434 </DOCNO>
The gas content of peculiar galaxies: counterrotators and polar rings


  This paper studies the global ISM content in a sample of 104 accreting
galaxies, including counterrotators and polar rings, which spans the entire
Hubble sequence. The molecular, atomic and hot gas content of accretors is
compared to a newly compiled sample of normal galaxies. We present results of a
small survey of the J=1--0 line of {12}CO with the 15m SEST telescope on a
sample of 11 accretors (10 counterrotators and 1 polar ring). The SEST sample
is enlarged with published data from 48 galaxies, for which observational
evidence of counterrotation in the gas and/or the stars has been found.
Furthermore, the available data on a sample of 46 polar ring galaxies has been
compiled. It was found that the normalized content of cold gas (M_gas/L_B) in
polar rings is ~1 order of magnitude higher than the reference value derived
for normal galaxies. The inferred gas masses are sufficient to stabilize polar
rings through self-gravity. In contrast, it was found that the cold gas content
of counterrotators is close to normal for all galaxy types. Although
counterrotators and polar rings probably share a common origin, the gas masses
estimated here confirm that light gas rings accreted by future counterrotators
may have evolved faster than the self-gravitating structures of polar rings. In
this scenario, the transformation of atomic into molecular gas could be
enhanced near the transition region between the prograde and the retrograde
disks, especially in late-type accretors characterized by a high content of
primordial gas. This is tentatively confirmed in this work: the measured H_2/HI
ratio seems larger in counterrotators than in normal or polar ring galaxies for
types later than S0s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86611 </DOCNO>
Quantum Inequalities for the Electromagnetic Field


  A quantum inequality for the quantized electromagnetic field is developed for
observers in static curved spacetimes. The quantum inequality derived is a
generalized expression given by a mode function expansion of the four-vector
potential, and the sampling function used to weight the energy integrals is
left arbitrary up to the constraints that it be a positive, continuous function
of unit area and that it decays at infinity. Examples of the quantum inequality
are developed for Minkowski spacetime, Rindler spacetime and the Einstein
closed universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75217 </DOCNO>
Matrix Elements of Twist-2 Operators in Quenched Chiral Perturbation


  We compute the leading non-analytic quark mass dependence of the matrix
elements of isovector twist-2 operators between octet baryon states in quenched
QCD using quenched chiral perturbation theory. There are contributions of the
form m_q log m_q, in analogy with QCD, but there are also contributions of the
form log m_q from hairpin interactions. The nucleon does not receive such
hairpin contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148438 </DOCNO>
General Matter Coupled N=4 Gauged Supergravity in Five Dimensions


  We construct the general form of matter coupled N=4 gauged supergravity in
five dimensions. Depending on the structure of the gauge group, these theories
are found to involve vector and/or tensor multiplets. When self-dual tensor
fields are present, they must be charged under a one-dimensional Abelian group
and cannot transform non-trivially under any other part of the gauge group. A
short analysis of the possible ground states of the different types of theories
is given. It is found that AdS ground states are only possible when the gauge
group is a direct product of a one-dimensional Abelian group and a semi-simple
group. In the purely Abelian, as well as in the purely semi-simple gauging, at
most Minkowski ground states are possible. The existence of such Minkowski
ground states could be proven in the compact Abelian case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6166 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium excitations in Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles


  In recent measurements of tunneling transport through individual
ferromagnetic Co nanograins, Deshmukh, Gu\'eron, Ralph et al.
\cite{mandar,gueron} (DGR) observed a tunneling spectrum with discrete
resonances, whose spacing was much smaller than what one would expect from
naive independent-electron estimates. In a previous publication,
\cite{prl_kleff} we had suggested that this was a consequence of nonequilibrium
excitations, and had proposed a ``minimal model'' for ferromagnetism in
nanograins with a discrete excitation spectrum as a framework for analyzing the
experimental data. In the present paper, we provide a detailed analysis of the
properties of this model: We delineate which many-body electron states must be
considered when constructing the tunneling spectrum, discuss various
nonequilibrium scenarios and compare their results with the experimental data
of Refs. \cite{mandar,gueron}. We show that a combination of nonequilibrium
spin- and single-particle excitations can account for most of the observed
features, in particular the abundance of resonances, the resonance spacing and
the absence of Zeeman splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148863 </DOCNO>
Hamilton-Jacobi treatment of a non-relativistic particle on a curved


  In this paper a non-relativistic particle moving on a hypersurface in a
curved space and the multidimensional rotator are investigated using the
Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. The equivalence with the Dirac Hamiltonian formalism
is demonstrated in both Cartesian and curvilinear coordinates. The energy
spectrum of the multidimensional rotator is equal to that of a pure
Laplace-Beltrami operator with no additional constant arising from the
curvature of the sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83972 </DOCNO>
Teaching Parallel Programming Using Both High-Level and Low-Level


  We discuss the use of both MPI and OpenMP in the teaching of senior
undergraduate and junior graduate classes in parallel programming. We briefly
introduce the OpenMP standard and discuss why we have chosen to use it in
parallel programming classes. Advantages of using OpenMP over message passing
methods are discussed. We also include a brief enumeration of some of the
drawbacks of using OpenMP and how these drawbacks are being addressed by
supplementing OpenMP with additional MPI codes and projects. Several projects
given in my class are also described in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73467 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear and spin effects in two-photon annihilation of a fermion pair


  The pattern of calculation of amplitudes of a series of processes in the
field of an intensive laser wave, in which two fermions $(p; p')$ and two real
photons $(k_1; k_2)$ participate, is considered. In relation to one-photon
processes, these processes are of the second order on $\alpha$, if the wave
intensity $\xi \ll 1$ (i.e., actually absorption from the wave only one
quantum). Otherwise, they are competing and essentially nonlinear. One-photon
processes have a number of the important physical applications. For example,
${\gamma}e$ and ${\gamma}{\gamma}$ colliders work on their basis.
  In DSB the calculation is conducted at the level of reaction amplitudes. It
essentially simplifies both the calculation and the form of obtained results;
those combinations of amplitudes which describe the spin effects are easy to
calculate. And these effects are especially essential in nonlinear processes.
The calculations are conducted in covariant form. Besides compactness, this
provides independence of the frames of reference and energy modes. The masses
of fermions are taken into account precisely and are not assumed equal each
other (heavy leptons, modes of various decays). The pattern of calculation is
given in the channel indicated in the title. The amplitudes of this channel are
also applicable for calculating of induced decay of orthopositronium into two
photons. And in this approach there is no necessity to assume the relative
momentum equal to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129058 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The b_J-band galaxy luminosity function


  We use more than 110500 galaxies from the 2dF galaxy redshift survey (2dFGRS)
to estimate the b_J-band galaxy luminosity function at redshift z=0, taking
account of evolution, the distribution of magnitude measurement errors and
small corrections for incompletenessin the galaxy catalogue. Throughout the
interval -14>M- 5log h>-22, the luminosity function is accurately described by
a Schechter function with $M* -5log h =-19.66+/-0.07, alpha=-1.21+/-0.03 and
phistar=(1.68+/-0.08) 10^{-2} h^3/Mpc^3, giving an integrated luminosity
density of rho_L=(1.9+/-0.18) 10^8 h L_sol/Mpc^3 (assuming an Omega_0=0.3,
Lambda_0=0.7 cosmology). The quoted errors have contributions from the accuracy
of the photometric zeropoint, large scale structure in the galaxy distribution
and, importantly, from the uncertainty in the appropriate evolutionary
corrections. Our luminosity function is in excellent agreement with, but has
much smaller statistical errors than an estimate from the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) data when the SDSS data are accurately translated to the b_J-band
and the luminosity functions are normalized in the same way. We use the
luminosity function, along with maps describing the redshift completeness of
the current 2dFGRS catalogue, and its weak dependence on apparent magnitude, to
define a complete description of the 2dFGRS selection function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97363 </DOCNO>
The universal gerbe, Dixmier-Douady class, and gauge theory


  We clarify the relation between the Dixmier-Douady class on the space of self
adjoint Fredholm operators (`universal B-field') and the curvature of
determinant bundles over infinite-dimensional Grassmannians. In particular, in
the case of Dirac type operators on a three dimensional compact manifold we
obtain a simple and explicit expression for both forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72670 </DOCNO>
The Gauge String Solution of the D>=3 Yang-Mills Loop Equations


  I adapt the Gauge String, representing the strong coupling (SC) expansion in
the continuous D>=3 Yang-Mills theory (YM_{D}) with a sufficiently large bare
coupling constant \lambda>\lambda_{cr} and a fixed ultraviolet cut off \Lambda,
to the analysis of the regularized Wilson's loop-averages. When generalized to
describe the fat (rather than infinitely thin) flux-tubes, the pattern of thus
modified U(N) Gauge String is proved to be consistent with the chain of the
judiciously regularized U(N) Loop equations. In particular, we reveal the
dimensional reduction YM_{D}=>YM_{2}, taking place in the extreme SC limit
\lambda=>\infty, and compare it with the implications of the AdS/CFT
correspondence conjecture. On the other hand, for the loop-averages associated
to the sufficiently large minimal areas, the proposed stringy pattern is
supposed to be in the one infrared universality class (provided the loops are
without zig-zag backtrackings) with the novel implementation of the noncritical
D-dimensional Nambu-Goto string. The peculiarity is due to the nonstandard
\Lambda^{2}-scaling, \Lambda^{2}=O(\sigma_{ph}), of the physical string tension
\sigma_{ph}. Being well-motivated from the viewpoint of the standard YM_{4}
theory with \lambda=>0, this scaling is argued to entail that the considered
modification of the Nambu-Goto system is in the stringy (rather than in the
branched polymer) regime. In sum, the confinement in the continuous D>=3 U(N)
(and, similarly, SU(N)) gauge theory is justified, for the first time, at least
when both N and \lambda are sufficiently large. As a by-product, when continued
to N=1, the Gauge String is shown to describe the continuous U(1) gauge theory
with the monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1792 </DOCNO>
Traversal time for electron tunneling in water


  The traversal time for tunneling is a measure of the time during which the
transmitted particle can be affected by interactions localized in the barrier.
The Buttiker-Landauer approach, which estimates this time by imposing an
internal clock on the system, has been applied so far for relatively simple
1-dimensional models. Here we apply this approach to estimate the traversal
time for electron tunneling through a realistic 3-dimensional model of a water
layer. Observed structure in the energy dependence of times computed reflects
the existence of transient tunneling resonances associated with instantaneous
water structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2629 </DOCNO>
Finite Size Scaling of the Spin Stiffness of the Antiferromagnetic S=1/2


  We study the finite size scaling of the spin stiffness for the
one-dimensional s=1/2 quantum antiferromagnet as a function of the anisotropy
parameter Delta.Previous Bethe ansatz results allow a determination of the
stiffness in the thermodynamic limit. The Bethe ansatz equations for finite
systems are solvable even in the presence of twisted boundary conditions, a
fact we exploit to determine the stiffness exactly for finite systems allowing
for a complete determination of the finite size corrections. Relating the
stiffness to thermodynamic quantities we calculate the temperature dependence
of the susceptibility and its finite size corrections at T=0. A Luttinger
liquid approach is used to study the finite size corrections using
renormalization group techniques and the results are compared to the
numerically exact results obtained using the Bethe ansatz equations. Both
irrelevant and marginally irrelevant cases are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98397 </DOCNO>
A noncommutative version of the Banach-Stone theorem (II)


  In this paper, we extend the Banach-Stone theorem to the non commutative
case, i.e, we give a partial answere to the question 2.1 of [13], and we prove
that the structure of the postliminal C*-algebras A determines the topology of
its primitive ideals space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86939 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional general relativistic hydrodynamics II: long-term


  This is the second in a series of papers on the construction and validation
of a three-dimensional code for the solution of the coupled system of the
Einstein equations and of the general relativistic hydrodynamic equations, and
on the application of this code to problems in general relativistic
astrophysics. In particular, we report on the accuracy of our code in the
long-term dynamical evolution of relativistic stars and on some new physics
results obtained in the process of code testing. The tests involve single
non-rotating stars in stable equilibrium, non-rotating stars undergoing radial
and quadrupolar oscillations, non-rotating stars on the unstable branch of the
equilibrium configurations migrating to the stable branch, non-rotating stars
undergoing gravitational collapse to a black hole, and rapidly rotating stars
in stable equilibrium and undergoing quasi-radial oscillations. The numerical
evolutions have been carried out in full general relativity using different
types of polytropic equations of state using either the rest-mass density only,
or the rest-mass density and the internal energy as independent variables. New
variants of the spacetime evolution and new high resolution shock capturing
(HRSC) treatments based on Riemann solvers and slope limiters have been
implemented and the results compared with those obtained from previous methods.
Finally, we have obtained the first eigenfrequencies of rotating stars in full
general relativity and rapid rotation. A long standing problem, such
frequencies have not been obtained by other methods. Overall, and to the best
of our knowledge, the results presented in this paper represent the most
accurate long-term three-dimensional evolutions of relativistic stars available
to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124362 </DOCNO>
Age-Dating Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies Along the Merger Sequence


  Imaging spectroscopy using the new Palomar Integral Field Spectrograph is
presented for the Pa-alpha line in four ultraluminous infrared galaxies. In
most cases, we are able to establish the geometry of the merger, and thus
estimate the time in the merger process at which we are viewing the system. The
resulting range in estimated ages, some of which are very young encounters
(~5x10^7 yr), is not predicted by merger models, which produce high rates of
star formation either 1-2x10^8 years after the first encounter or very late
(~10^9 yr) in the merger process. Even in the very young mergers, the
ultraluminous activity appears to be centrally concentrated on the nucleus of
one of the progenitor galaxies---namely the galaxy with a prograde orbital
geometry. Very high star formation rates (2-5 M_sun/yr) are also observed in
structures believed to be newly formed tidal tails.
  The presence of a significant population of very young ultraluminous mergers,
together with the majority of ultraluminous infrared galaxies existing in the
final stages of merger activity, indicates that the ultraluminous galaxy phase
is at least bimodal in time. An evolutionary scenario is proposed for
ultraluminous infrared galaxies, wherein the far-infrared luminosity may
undergo multiple ultraluminous bursts during the course of the encounter. A
substantial fraction of the merger lifetime may be spent in a phase identified
with the less powerful luminous infrared galaxy class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148131 </DOCNO>
Generalized AdS/CFT Dualities and Space-Time Symmetries of M/Superstring


  I review the relationship between AdS/CFT (anti-de Sitter / conformal field
theory) dualities and the general theory of unitary lowest weight (ULWR)
(positive energy) representations of non-compact space-time groups and
supergroups. The ULWR's have the remarkable property that they can be
constructed by tensoring some fundamental ULWR's (singletons or doubletons).
Furthermore, one can go from the manifestly unitary compact basis of the ULWR's
of the conformal group (Wigner picture) to the manifestly covariant coherent
state basis (Dirac picture) labelled by the space-time coordinates. Hence every
irreducible ULWR corresponds to a covariant field with a definite conformal
dimension. These results extend to higher dimensional generalized spacetimes
(superspaces) defined by Jordan (super) algebras and Jordan (super) triple
systems. In particular, they extend to the ULWR's of the M-theory symmetry
superalgebra OSp(1/32,R).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 761 </DOCNO>
Neutron Scattering Studies of the Model Glass Former Ortho-terphenyl


  The van der Waals liquid orthoterphenyl has long been used as a model system
in the study of the glass transition. Motivated by mode-coupling theory,
extensive experiments have been undertaken to monitor the onset of structural
relaxation on microscopic time and length scales. Using in particular
quasielastic neutron scattering, the decay of density and tagged-particle
correlations has been measured as a function of temperature, pressure and wave
number. A consistent picture is developped in which the mode-coupling
singularity appears as a change of transport mechanism in the moderately
viscous liquid, at temperatures far above the conventional (caloric) glass
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86767 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium sequences of synchronized and irrotational binary systems


  We study equilibrium sequences of close binary systems on circular orbits and
composed of different mass stars with polytropic equation of state in Newtonian
gravity. The solving method is a multidomain spectral method which we have
recently developed. The computations are performed for both cases of
synchronized and irrotational binary systems with adiabatic indices $\gamma =
3, 2.5, 2.25, 2$ and 1.8, and for three mass ratios: $M_1/M_2 =0.5, 0.2$ and
0.1. It is found that the equilibrium sequences always terminate at a mass
shedding limit (appearance of a cusp on the surface of the less massive star).
For synchronized binaries, this contrasts with the equal mass case, where the
sequences terminate instead by a contact configuration. Regarding the turning
point of the total angular momentum (or total energy) along a sequence, we find
that it is difficult to get it for small mass ratios. Indeed, we do not find
any turning points for $M_1/M_2 \le 0.5$ in the irrotational case. However, in
the synchronized case, it becomes easier again to find one for mass ratios much
smaller than $M_1/M_2 \sim 0.2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129061 </DOCNO>
Orbital Divergence and Relaxation in the Gravitational N-Body Problem


  One of the fundamental aspects of statistical behaviour in many-body systems
is exponential divergence of neighbouring orbits, which is often discussed in
terms of Liapounov exponents. Here we study this topic for the classical
gravitational N-body problem. The application we have in mind is to old stellar
systems such as globular star clusters, where N~10^6, and so we concentrate on
spherical, centrally concentrated systems with total energy E<0. Hitherto no
connection has been made between the time scale for divergence (denoted here by
t_e) and the two-body relaxation time scale (t_r), even though both may be
calculated by consideration of two-body encounters.
  In this paper we give a simplified model showing that divergence in phase
space is initially roughly exponential, on a timescale proportional to the
crossing time (defined as a mean time for a star to cross from one side of the
system to another). In this phase t_e is much less than t_r, if N is not too
small (i.e. N is much more than about 30). After several e-folding times, the
model shows that the divergence slows down. Thereafter the divergence (measured
by the energies of the bodies) varies with time as t^{1/2}, on a timescale
nearly proportional to the familiar two-body relaxation timescale, i.e. t_e ~
t_r in this phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113733 </DOCNO>
Absolute calibration of the antiproton detection efficiency for BESS


  An accelerator beam experiment was performed using a low-energy antiproton
beam to measure the antiproton detection efficiency of the BESS detector.
Measured and calculated efficiencies derived from the BESS Monte Carlo
simulation based on GEANT/GHEISHA showed good agreement. With the detailed
verification of the BESS simulation, results demonstrate that the relative
systematic error of detection efficiency derived from the BESS simulation is
within 5 %, being previously estimated as 15 % which was the dominant
uncertainty for measurements of cosmic-ray antiproton flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76751 </DOCNO>
Lepton Spectra from e^+ e^- \to W^+ W^- in the BESS model


  We investigate the reaction e^+ e^- \to W^+ W^-, W^- \to l^- \bar{nu} in a
strong coupling scenario as implemented in the BESS model. Energy and angle
spectra of the secondary lepton are calculated and compared with the
predictions of the Standard Model. These spectra provide a determination of the
fraction f_0 of longitudinally polarized W's, and the backward fraction of
secondary leptons, f_{back}. Assuming BESS parameters allowed by present data,
we give numerical estimates of the effects to be expected at an e^+e^- collider
of energy \sqrt{s} = 500- 800 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124717 </DOCNO>
Incompatibility of a comoving Ly-alpha forest with supernova-Ia


  Recently Perlmutter et al. suggested a positive value of Einstein's
cosmological constant Lambda on the basis of luminosity distances from type-Ia
supernovae. However, Lambda world models had earlier been proposed by Hoell &
Priester and Liebscher et al. on the basis of quasar absorption-line data.
Employing more general repulsive fluids ("dark energy") encompassing the Lambda
component we quantitatively compare both approaches with each other.
  Fitting the SN-data by a minimum-component model consisting of dark energy +
dust yields a closed universe with a large amount of dust exceeding the
baryonic content constrained by big-bang nucleosynthesis. The nature of the
dark energy is hardly constrained. Only when enforcing a flat universe there is
a clear tendency to a dark-energy Lambda fluid and the `canonical' value
Omega_M = 0.3 for dust.
  Conversely, fitting the quasar-data by a minimum-component model yields a
sharply defined, slightly closed model with a low dust density ruling out
significant pressureless dark matter. The dark-energy component obtains an
equation-of-state P = -0.96 epsilon close to that of a Lambda-fluid. Omega_M =
0.3 or a precisely flat spatial geometry are inconsistent with
minimum-component models.
  It is found that quasar and supernova data sets cannot be reconciled with
each other via (repulsive ideal fluid+dust+radiation)-world models.
Compatibility could be reached by drastic expansion of the parameter space with
at least two exotic fluids added to dust and radiation as world constituents.
If considering such solutions as far-fetched one has to conclude that the
quasar absorption line and the SN-Ia constraints are incompatible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95673 </DOCNO>
The cosupport axiom, equivariant cohomology and the intersection


  Let $M$ be a proper Hamiltonian $K$-space with proper moment map $\mu$. The
symplectic quotient $X=\mu^{-1}(0)/K$ is in general a singular stratified
space. In this paper we first generalize the Kirwan map to this symplectic
setting which maps the $K$ equivariant cohomology of $\mu^{-1}(0)$ to the
middle perversity intersection cohomology $IH^*(X)$. Next, we show that there
is a natural right inverse of the Kirwan map, under an assumption coming from
the cosupport axiom for the intersection homology sheaf. Furthermore, we can
identify the subspace of $H^*_K(\mu^{-1}(0))$ which corresponds to $IH^*(X)$.
The naturality of the splitting ensures that the intersection pairing
corresponds to the cup product on equivariant cohomology. Finally, we show that
the same set of ideas can be applied to any circle action and prove similar
results without any assumption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2456 </DOCNO>
Curved Tails in Polymerization-Based Bacterial Motility


  The curved actin ``comet-tail'' of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is a
visually striking signature of actin polymerization-based motility. Similar
actin tails are associated with Shigella flexneri, spotted-fever Rickettsiae,
the Vaccinia virus, and vesicles and microspheres in related in vitro systems.
We show that the torque required to produce the curvature in the tail can arise
from randomly placed actin filaments pushing the bacterium or particle. We find
that the curvature magnitude determines the number of actively pushing
filaments, independent of viscosity and of the molecular details of force
generation. The variation of the curvature with time can be used to infer the
dynamics of actin filaments at the bacterial surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40981 </DOCNO>
Charmless B -> VV Decays in QCD Factorization: Implications of Recent


  In the heavy quark limit, both vector mesons in the charmless B -> VV decay
should have zero helicity and the corresponding amplitude is proportional to
the form factor difference $(A_1-A_2)$. The first observed charmless $B\to VV$
mode, $B\to\phi K^*$, indicates that the form factors $A_1(q^2)$ and $A_2(q^2)$
cannot be very similar at low $q^2$ as shown in some form-factor models. The
approach of QCD-improved factorization implies that the nonfactorizable
correction to each partial-wave or helicity amplitude is not the same; the
effective parameters $a_i$ vary for different helicity amplitudes. The
leading-twist nonfactorizable corrections to the transversely polarized
amplitudes vanish in the chiral limit and hence it is necessary to take into
account twist-3 distribution amplitudes of the vector meson in order to have
renormalization scale and scheme independent predictions. Branching ratios of
$B\to VV$ decays are calculated in two different models for form factors, and
the predicted decay rates are different by a factor of $1.5\sim 2$. Owing to
the absence of (S-P)(S+P) penguin contributions to the W-emission amplitudes,
tree-dominated decays tend to have larger branching ratios than the
penguin-dominated ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76919 </DOCNO>
\Lambda_b \to \Lambda J/\psi decay in perturbative QCD


  We calculate the amplitudes involved in the heavy baryon nonleptonic decay
$\Lambda_b \rar \Lambda J/\psi$ using perturbative QCD factorization theorem,
which are expressed as convolutions of hard $b$ quark decay amplitudes with the
$\Lambda_b$ baryon, $\Lambda$ baryon and $J/\psi$ meson distribution
amplitudes. It is found that nonfactorizable contributions dominate over
factorizable ones. Because of soft cancellation in pairs of nonfactorizable
diagrams, the $\Lambda_b \rar \Lambda J/\psi$ decay is characterized by a large
scale, such that perturbative QCD is applicable. Employing the distribution
amplitudes determined in our previous works and from QCD sum rules, we derive
the branching ratio $B(\Lambda_b \rar \Lambda J/\psi)=(1.7 \sim 5.3)\times
10^{-4}$ in agreement with data. We predict an asymmetry parameter $\alpha=
-0.17 \sim -0.14$ associated with the anisotropic angular distribution of the
$\Lambda$ baryons produced in polarized $\Lambda_b$ baryon decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84016 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Corba-Distributed Software Framework for Nif Controls


  The Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS) is based on a scalable software
framework that is distributed over some 325 computers throughout the NIF
facility. The framework provides templates and services at multiple levels of
abstraction for the construction of software applications that communicate via
CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture). Various forms of
object-oriented software design patterns are implemented as templates to be
extended by application software. Developers extend the framework base classes
to model the numerous physical control points, thereby sharing the
functionality defined by the base classes. About 56,000 software objects each
individually addressed through CORBA are to be created in the complete ICCS.
Most objects have a persistent state that is initialized at system start-up and
stored in a database. Additional framework services are provided by centralized
server programs that implement events, alerts, reservations, message logging,
database/file persistence, name services, and process management. The ICCS
software framework approach allows for efficient construction of a software
system that supports a large number of distributed control points representing
a complex control application.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127012 </DOCNO>
VHE Neutrinos and Gamma-Rays as Probes for Anisotropy of Arrival


  We estimate the fluxes of very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays and neutrinos
from the Galactic Center which are by-products of the hadronic interactions
between primary protons which are accelerated up to $\sim 10^{19}$eV and
ambient matter. We find that these signals depend strongly on the spectrum
index of the primary protons. This means that detection of these signals from
the Galactic Center will constrain the spectrum of the primary particles,
which, in turn, should constrain the acceleration mechanism at the Galactic
Center. We show that GeV-TeV gamma-rays will be detected by the ground-based
Cherenkov telescopes such as CANGAROOIII and the next-generation satellites
such as GLAST. Thus the acceleration region of the CRs below $\sim 10^{19}$eV
will be determined accurately by gamma-ray telescopes, which should help our
understanding on the particle acceleration. We estimate the event rate of VHE
neutrinos for the planned 1 km$^{2}$ detectors such as IceCube, ANTARES and
NESTOR. The event rate also depends on the spectrum index of the primary
protons. In the optimistic case, the event rate amounts to $\sim 10^4$ events
per year and the signals from the Galactic Center dominate the atmospheric
neutrino background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4848 </DOCNO>
Modified TAP equations for the SK spin glass


  The stability of the TAP mean field equations is reanalyzed with the
conclusion that the exclusive reason for the breakdown at the spin glass
instability is an inconsistency for the value of the local susceptibility. A
new alternative approach leads to modified equations which are in complete
agreement with the original ones above the instability. Essentially altered
results below the instability are presented and the consequences for the
dynamical mean field equations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128971 </DOCNO>
Channeled blast wave behavior based on longitudinal instabilities


  To address the important issue of how kinetic energy of collimated blast
waves is converted into radiation, Pohl & Schlickeiser (2000) have recently
investigated the relativistic two-stream instability of electromagnetic
turbulence. They have shown that swept-up matter is quickly isotropized in the
blast wave, which provides relativistic particles and, as a result, radiation.
Here we present new calculations for the electrostatic instability in such
systems. It is shown that the electrostatic instability is faster than the
electromagnetic instability for highly relativistic beams. However, even after
relaxation of the beam via the faster electrostatic turbulence, the beam is
still unstable with respect to the electromagnetic waves, thus providing the
isotropization required for efficient production of radiation. While the
emission spectra in the model of Pohl and Schlickeiser have to be modified, the
basic characteristics persist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72925 </DOCNO>
The Mesonic Fluctuations and Corrections in the Chiral Symmetry Breaking


  The mesonic quantum fluctuations and their corrections on the chiral
condensate and pion polarization function are investigated in the
self-consistent scheme of SU(2) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model by exactly calculating
the next-to-leading order (NLO) Feynman diagrams in $1/N_c$ expansion. While
the fluctuations and corrections depend strongly on the meson's three-momentum
cut-off $\Lambda_M$, no chiral symmetry restoration is found since the
cancellation between the NLO and the one-quark-loop diagram with quark mass
deviated from the mean-field value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41767 </DOCNO>
MACRIB High efficiency - high purity hadron identification for DELPHI


  Analysis of the data shows that hadron tags of the two standard DELPHI
particle identification packages RIBMEAN and HADSIGN are weakly correlated.
This led to the idea of constructing a neural network for both kaon and proton
identification using as input the existing tags from RIBMEAN and HADSIGN, as
well as preproccessed TPC and RICH detector measurements together with
additional dE/dx information from the DELPHI vertex detector. It will be shown
in this note that the net output is much more efficient at the same purity than
the HADSIGN or RIBMEAN tags alone. We present an easy-to-use routine performing
the necessary calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149344 </DOCNO>
Anatomy of One-Loop Effective Action in Noncommutative Scalar Field


  One-loop effective action of noncommutative scalar field theory with cubic
self-interaction is studied. Utilizing worldline formulation, both planar and
nonplanar part of the effective action are computed explicitly. We find
complete agreement of the result with Seiberg-Witten limit of string worldsheet
computation and standard Feynman diagrammatics. We prove that, at low-energy
and large noncommutativity limit, nonplanar part of the effective action is
simplified enormously and is resummable into a quadratic action of scalar open
Wilson line operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97047 </DOCNO>
Jet Bundles and the Formal Theory of Partial Differential Equations


  Systems of partial differential equations lie at the heart of physics.
Despite this, the general theory of these systems has remained rather obscure
in comparison to numerical approaches such as finite element models and various
other discretisation schemes. There are, however, several theoretical
approaches to systems of PDEs, including schemes based on differential algebra
and geometric approaches including the theory of exterior differential systems
and the so-called ``formal theory'' built on the jet bundle formalism. This
paper is a brief introduction to jet bundles focusing on the completion of
systems to equivalent involutive systems for which power series solutions may
be constructed order by order. We will not consider the mathematical
underpinnings of involution (which lie in the theory of combinatorial
decompositions of polynomial modules) nor other applications of the theory of
jet bundles such as the theory of symmetries of systems of PDEs or
discretisation schemes based on discrete approximations to jet bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113796 </DOCNO>
Theory of laser catalysis with pulses


  The possibility of accelerating molecular reactions by lasers has attracted
considerable theoretical and experimental interest. A particular example of
laser-modified reaction dynamics is laser catalysis, a process in which the
tunneling through a potential barrier is enhanced by transient excitation to a
bound electronic state. We have performed detailed calculations of pulsed laser
catalysis on one- and two-dimensional potentials, as a function of the
reactants' collision energy and the laser's central frequency. In agreement
with previous CW results, the reactive lineshapes are Fano-type curves,
resulting from interference between nonradiative tunneling and the optically
assisted pathway. In contrast to the CW process, the power requirements of
pulsed laser catalysis are well within the reach of commonly used pulsed laser
sources, making an experimental realization possible. The laser catalysis
scenario is shown to be equivalent in the ``dressed'' state picture, to
resonant tunneling through a double-barrier potential, admitting perfect
transmission when the incident energy matches a quasibound state of the well
within the barriers. Possible applications for atom optics, solid-state
devices, and scanning tunneling microscopy, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3253 </DOCNO>
On the role of dimensionality in many-body theories of magnetic


  Starting from general considerations concerning phase transitions and the
many-body problem, a pedagogical introduction to the Mermin-Wagner theorem is
given. Particular attention is paid to how the Mermin-Wagner theorem fits in
with more general methods in many-particle physics. An attempt at an assessment
of its validity for approximative methods is made by contrasting the results
obtained within Onsager reaction-field theory and those obtained by the
well-known Tyablikov method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6519 </DOCNO>
Unconventional phonon-mediated superconductivity in MgB_{2}


  We have evaluated the total carrier mass enhancement factor f_{t} for MgB_{2}
from two independent experiments (specific heat and upper critical field).
These experiments consistently show that f_{t} = 3.1\pm0.1. The unusually large
f_{t} is incompatible with the measured reduced gap (2\Delta (0)/k_{B}T_{c} =
4.1) and the total isotope-effect exponent (\alpha = 0.28\pm0.04) within the
conventional phonon-mediated model. We propose an unconventional
phonon-mediated mechanism, which is able to quantitatively explain the values
of T_{c}, f_{t}, \alpha, and the reduced energy gap in a consistent way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72375 </DOCNO>
The glueball Regge trajectory from the string-inspired theory


  The special case of 4D string-like theory proposed early is investigated.
Regge trajectories in the developed model are non-linear for small masses and
the values of spin and have the different asymptotical slopes $\alpha_p$. The
value $\alpha_p$ just as the form of the trajectory depends from the quantum
state of some ''internal'' {relativistic invariant} variables. It is also shown
that some trajectories have the asymptotical slope $\alpha_g$=0.21 $Gev^{-2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114450 </DOCNO>
Effects of Bulk and Surface Conductivity on the Performance of CdZnTe


  We studied the effects of bulk and surface conductivity on the performance of
high-resistivity CdZnTe (CZT) pixel detectors with Pt contacts. We emphasize
the difference in mechanisms of the bulk and surface conductivity as indicated
by their different temperature behaviors. In addition, the existence of a thin
(10-100 A) oxide layer on the surface of CZT, formed during the fabrication
process, affects both bulk and surface leakage currents. We demonstrate that
the measured I-V dependencies of bulk current can be explained by considering
the CZT detector as a metal-semiconductor-metal system with two back-to-back
Schottky-barrier contacts. The high surface leakage current is apparently due
to the presence of a low-resistivity surface layer that has characteristics
which differ considerably from those of the bulk material. This surface layer
has a profound effect on the charge collection efficiency in detectors with
multi-contact geometry; some fraction of the electric field lines originated on
the cathode intersects the surface areas between the pixel contacts where the
charge produced by an ionizing particle gets trapped. To overcome this effect
we place a grid of thin electrodes between the pixel contacts; when the grid is
negatively biased, the strong electric field in the gaps between the pixels
forces the electrons landing on the surface to move toward the contacts,
preventing the charge loss. We have investigated these effects by using CZT
pixel detectors indium bump bonded to a custom-built VLSI readout chip.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174830 </DOCNO>
New Technique for a Simultaneous Estimation of the Level Density and


  The new, model-independent method to estimate simultaneously the level
densities excited in the (n,gamma) reaction and the radiative strength
functions of dipole transitions is developed. The method can be applied for any
nucleus and reaction followed by cascade gamma-emission. It is just necessary
to measure the intensities of two-step gamma-cascades depopulating one or
several high-excited states and determine the quanta ordering in the main
portion of the observed cascades. The method provides a sufficiently narrow
interval of most probable densities of levels with given J,pi and radiative
strength functions of dipole transitions populating them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126267 </DOCNO>
Confronting atomic data with Fe L-shell spectra of stellar coronae


  It is common to suggest the uncertainties in the atomic data for explaining
difficulties that arise in interpreting astrophysical x-ray spectra. The atomic
data for the Fe L-shell ions have, over the years, been considered particularly
suspect. In this paper, we confront Fe-L spectra calculated using the HULLAC
atomic code assuming coronal conditions with recent observations of the stellar
coronae of Capella and HR 1099, obtained with the high-resolution grating
spectrometers on board Chandra and XMM-Newton. We find very good agreement,
which indicates that Fe-L transition rates calculated with state-of-the-art
codes, can generally be trusted in the analysis of x-ray spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1758 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Antiferromagnetic Spin Chains in a Transverse Field:


  We investigate one-dimensional S=1/2 and S=1 antiferromagnetic quantum spin
chains with easy-axis anisotropies in a transverse field. We calculate both the
uniform magnetization and the staggered magnetization, using a variant of the
density matrix renormalization group method. We find that the staggered
magnetizations exhibit reentrant behavior as functions of the transverse field,
where the competition between the classical Neel order and the quantum
fluctuations plays an important role. We also discuss the critical behavior
associated with the staggered magnetizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77018 </DOCNO>
New U(1) Gauge Symmetry of Quarks and Leptons


  Instead of anchoring the seesaw mechanism with the conventional heavy
right-handed neutrino singlet, a small Majorana neutrino mass may be obtained
just as well with the addition of a heavy triplet of leptons per family to the
minimal standard model of particle interactions. The resulting model is shown
to have the remarkable property of accommodating a new U(1) symmetry which is
anomaly-free and may thus be gauged. There are many possible phenomenological
consequences of this proposal which may be already relevant in explaining one
or two recent potential experimental discrepancies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179148 </DOCNO>
An attempt to incorporate separate chemical and thermal freeze outs in


  From an analysis of various types of data obtained in relativistic nuclear
collisions, the following picture has emerged in thermal and hydrodynamical
descriptions: as the fluid expands and cools, particles first undergo a
chemical freeze out at T_ch.~160-200 MeV then a thermal freeze out at
T_th~100-140 MeV. In this paper we show how to incorporate these separate
freeze outs consistently in a hydrodynamical code via a modified equation of
state (general case) or via a modified Cooper-Frye formula (particular case of
T_ch. close to T_th. or few particle species undergoing early chemical
freeze-out). The modified equation of state causes faster cooling and may have
sizable impact on the predicted values of observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85851 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Cosmological Models in the Brane-world Scenario


  We present the results of a systematic investigation of the qualitative
behaviour of the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) and Bianchi I and V
cosmological models in Randall-Sundrum brane-world type scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6007 </DOCNO>
Protein threading by learning


  Using techniques borrowed from statistical physics and neural networks, we
determine the parameters, associated with a scoring function, that are chosen
optimally to ensure complete success in threading tests in a training set of
proteins. These parameters provide a quantitative measure of the propensities
of amino acids to be buried or exposed and to be in a given secondary structure
and are a good starting point for solving both the threading and design
problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95935 </DOCNO>
A Mathematical Model Accounting for the Organisation in Multiplets of


  Requiring stability of genetic code against translation errors, modelised by
suitable mathematical operators in the crystal basis model of the genetic code,
the main features of the organisation in multiplets of the mitochondrial and of
the standard genetic code are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124005 </DOCNO>
The effect of stellar evolution upon Population II Contact Binaries in


  Field W UMa binaries observe a well known Period-Color Relation such that
systems containing more massive stars are bluer and have longer orbital periods
than those systems with lower mass components. However, it has been known for a
decade that metal-poor W UMa's are too blue, have too short an orbital period,
or both. Correcting the observed color for the reduced line blanketing in the
atmosphere of a Pop II star only accounts for part of the observed discrepancy.
As others have suggested, and Rucinski (2000) show, the smaller radii of Pop II
stars and the correspondingly shorter orbital periods are responsible for the
remainder. In this paper I investigate the effect of evolution upon the
location in the period-color plane. This paper addresses the restricted case of
equal mass components in critical contact with their inner Roche lobes, but
should be applicable to the more general cases to the extent that the relative
sizes of stellar components are preserved with metallicity changes.
  The calculated metallicity-age dependent Period-Color Relations substantially
agree with Rucinski & Duerbeck's (1997) empirically derived corrections to the
Period-Color Relation over most of the investigated range of periods. However,
our predictions deviate to a greater degree as stellar age increases since
their parameterization does not include the effect of evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74459 </DOCNO>
Supernova neutrinos: Earth matter effects and neutrino mass spectrum


  We perform a detailed study of the Earth matter effects on supernova
neutrinos. The dependences of these effects on the properties of the original
neutrino fluxes, on the trajectory of the neutrinos inside the Earth and on the
oscillation parameters are described. We show that, for a large fraction (60 %)
of the possible arrival times of the signal, the neutrino flux crosses a
substantial amount of the matter of the Earth at least for one of the existing
detectors. For oscillation parameters from the LMA solution of the solar
neutrino problem the Earth matter effect consists in an oscillatory modulation
of the $\barnue$ and/or $\nu_e$ energy spectra. The relative deviation with
respect to the undistorted spectra can be as large as 20-30 % for E> 20 MeV and
70-100 % for E> 40 MeV. For parameters from the
 SMA and LOW solutions the effect is localized at low energies (E<10 MeV) and
is not larger than 10 %. The Earth matter effects can be revealed (i) by the
observation of oscillatory distortions of the energy spectra in a single
experiment and (ii) by the comparison between the spectra at different
detectors. For a supernova at distance D=10 Kpc, comparing the results of
SuperKamiokande (SK), SNO and LVD experiments one can establish the effect at
(2-3) \sigma level, whereas larger statistical significance ((4-5) \sigma) is
obtained if two experiments of SK-size or larger are available. Studies of the
Earth matter effect will select or confirm the solution of the solar neutrino
problem, probe the mixing U_{e 3} and identify the hierarchy of the neutrino
mass spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1482 </DOCNO>
Theory of Magnetic Properties and Spin-Wave Dispersion for Ferromagnetic


  We present a microscopic theory of the long-wavelength magnetic properties of
the ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As. Details of the host
semiconductor band structure, described by a six-band Kohn-Luttinger
Hamiltonian, are taken into account. We relate our quantum-mechanical
calculation to the classical micromagnetic energy functional and determine
anisotropy energies and exchange constants. We find that the exchange constant
is substantially enhanced compared to the case of a parabolic heavy-hole-band
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149295 </DOCNO>
Deformed Boost Transformations That Saturate at the Planck Scale


  We derive finite boost transformations based on the Lorentz sector of the
bicross-product-basis $\kappa$-Poincare' Hopf albegra. We emphasize the role of
these boost transformations in a recently-proposed new relativistic theory. We
find that when the (dimensionful) deformation parameter is identified with the
Planck length, which together with the speed-of-light constant has the status
of observer-independent scale in the new relativistic theory, the deformed
boosts saturate at the value of momentum that corresponds to the inverse of the
Planck length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5079 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Effects on the Physical Properties of Cd2Re2O7 Near 200 K


  Experimental investigation of the resistivity $\rho$, susceptibility $\chi$,
specific heat C$_p$, and Hall coefficient R$_H$ of the pyrochlore
Cd$_2$Re$_2$O$_7$ reveals the presence of a continuous phase transition of
uncertain origin with critical temperature T* = 200 K. Electron and X-ray
diffraction measurements indicate that a commensurate structural transformation
accompanies the changes in the electronic properties, implying that lattice as
well as electronic degrees of freedom are involved in the transition.
Remarkable scaling relationships between $\rho$, $\chi$, and C$_p$ are
observed, indicating that fluctuations are crucial in the transition regime.
Scenarios involving both spin and ionic density fluctuations are considered in
the evaluation of the data. Although the observed structural transition
suggests that ionic density fluctuations are likely to be important, a scaling
relationship between $\rho$ and $\chi$ over a wide temperature range suggests
that spin fluctuations may be playing a role as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2205 </DOCNO>
Symmetry, dimension and the distribution of the conductance at the


  The probability distribution of the conductance at the mobility edge,
$p_c(g)$, in different universality classes and dimensions is investigated
numerically for a variety of random systems. It is shown that $p_c(g)$ is
universal for systems of given symmetry, dimensionality, and boundary
conditions. An analytical form of $p_c(g)$ for small values of $g$ is discussed
and agreement with numerical data is observed. For $g > 1$, $\ln p_c(g)$ is
proportional to $(g-1)$ rather than $(g-1)^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149927 </DOCNO>
Area Potentials and Deformation Quantization


  Systems built out of N-body interactions, beyond 2-body interactions, are
formulated on the plane, and investigated classically and quantum mechanically
(in phase space). Their Wigner Functions--the density matrices in phase-space
quantization--are given and analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114488 </DOCNO>
Quantum Multiple Scattering: Eigenmode Expansion and Its Applications to


  We show that for a general system of N s-wave point scatterers, there are
always N eigenmodes. These eigenmodes or eigenchannels play the same role as
spherical harmonic partial waves for a spherically symmetric target--they give
a phase shift only. In other words, the T matrix of the system is of rank N and
the eigenmodes are eigenvectors corresponding to non-0 eigenvalues of the T
matrix. The eigenmode expansion approach can give insight to the total
scattering cross section; the position, width, and superradiance or subradiance
nature of resonance peaks; the unsymmetric Fano lineshape of sharp proximity
resonance peaks based on the high energy tail of a broad band; and other
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97236 </DOCNO>
Hecke algebras of semidirect products


  We consider group-subgroup pairs in which the group is a semidirect product
and the subgroup is contained in the normal part. We give conditions for the
pair to be a Hecke pair and we show that the enveloping Hecke algebra and Hecke
C*-algebra are canonically isomorphic to semigroup crossed products,
generalizing earlier results of Arledge, Laca and Raeburn and of Brenken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6377 </DOCNO>
Determination of the parameters of semiconducting CdF2:In with Schottky


  Physical properties of semiconducting CdF_2 crystals doped with In are
determined from measurements of the radio-frequency response of a sample with
Schottky barriers at frequencies 10 - 10^6 Hz. The dc conductivity, the
activation energy of the amphoteric impurity, and the total concentration of
the active In ions in CdF_2 are found through an equivalent-circuit analysis of
the frequency dependencies of the sample complex impedance at temperatures from
20 K to 300 K. Kinetic coefficients determining the thermally induced
transitions between the deep and the shallow states of the In impurity and the
barrier height between these states are obtained from the time-dependent
radio-frequency response after illumination of the material. The results on the
low-frequency conductivity in CdF_2:In are compared with submillimeter (10^{11}
- 10^{12} Hz) measurements and with room-temperature infrared measurements of
undoped CdF_2. The low-frequency impedance measurements of semiconductor
samples with Schottky barriers are shown to be a good tool for investigation of
the physical properties of semiconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97128 </DOCNO>
A unified approach to Exel-Laca algebras and C*-algebras associated to


  We define an ultragraph, which is a generalization of a directed graph, and
describe how to associate a C*-algebra to it. We show that the class of
ultragraph algebras contains the C*-algebras of graphs as well as the Exel-Laca
algebras. We also show that many of the techniques used for graph algebras can
be applied to ultragraph algebras and that the ultragraph provides a useful
tool for analyzing Exel-Laca algebras. Our results include versions of the
Cuntz-Krieger Uniqueness Theorem and the Gauge-Invariant Uniqueness Theorem for
ultragraph algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98736 </DOCNO>
Cohomogeneity-one G2-structures


  G2-manifolds with a cohomogeneity-one action of a compact Lie group G are
studied. For G simple, all solutions with holonomy G2 and weak holonomy G2 are
classified. The holonomy G2 solutions are necessarily Ricci-flat and there is a
one-parameter family with SU(3)-symmetry. The weak holonomy G2 solutions are
Einstein of positive scalar curvature and are uniquely determined by the simple
symmetry group. During the proof the equations for G2-symplectic and
G2-cosymplectic structures are studied and the topological types of the
manifolds admitting such structures are determined. New examples of compact
G2-cosymplectic manifolds and complete G2-symplectic structures are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 567 </DOCNO>
Sliding Luttinger liquid phases


  We study systems of coupled spin-gapped and gapless Luttinger liquids. First,
we establish the existence of a sliding Luttinger liquid phase for a system of
weakly coupled parallel quantum wires, with and without disorder. It is shown
that the coupling can {\it stabilize} a Luttinger liquid phase in the presence
of disorder. We then extend our analysis to a system of crossed Luttinger
liquids and establish the stability of a non-Fermi liquid state: the crossed
sliding Luttinger liquid phase (CSLL). In this phase the system exhibits a
finite-temperature, long-wavelength, isotropic electric conductivity that
diverges as a power law in temperature $T$ as $T \to 0$. This two-dimensional
system has many properties of a true isotropic Luttinger liquid, though at zero
temperature it becomes anisotropic. An extension of this model to a
three-dimensional stack exhibits a much higher in-plane conductivity than the
conductivity in a perpendicular direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128375 </DOCNO>
X-ray Properties of Young Stellar Objects in OMC-2 and OMC-3 from the


  We report X-ray results of the Chandra observation of Orion Molecular Cloud 2
and 3. A deep exposure of \sim 100 ksec detects \sim 400 X-ray sources in the
field of view of the ACIS array, providing one of the largest X-ray catalogs in
a star forming region. Coherent studies of the source detection, time
variability, and energy spectra are performed. We classify the X-ray sources
into class I, class II, and class III+MS based on the J, H, and K-band colors
of their near infrared counterparts and discuss the X-ray properties
(temperature, absorption, and time variability) along these evolutionary
phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179266 </DOCNO>
Determination of pi-N scattering lengths from pionic hydrogen and pionic


  The pi-N s-wave scattering lengths have been inferred from a joint analysis
of the pionic hydrogen and the pionic deuterium x-ray data using a
non-relativistic approach in which the pi-N interaction is simulated by a
short-ranged potential. The pi-d scattering length has been calculated exactly
by solving the Faddeev equations and also by using a static approximation. It
has been shown that the same very accurate static formula for pi-d scattering
length can be derived (i) from a set of boundary conditions; (ii) by a
reduction of Faddeev equations; and (iii) through a summation of Feynman
diagrams. By imposing the requirement that the pi-d scattering length,
resulting from Faddeev-type calculation, be in agreement with pionic deuterium
data, we obtain bounds on the pi-N scattering lengths. The dominant source of
uncertainty on the deduced values of the pi-N scattering lengths are the
experimental errors in the pionic hydrogen data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72955 </DOCNO>
Dispersion relation formalism for virtual Compton scattering off the


  We present in detail a dispersion relation formalism for virtual Compton
scattering (VCS) off the proton from threshold into the
$\Delta(1232)$-resonance region. Such a formalism can be used as a tool to
extract the generalized polarizabilities of the proton from both unpolarized
and polarized VCS observables over a larger energy range. We present
calculations for existing and forthcoming VCS experiments and demonstrate that
the VCS observables in the energy region between pion production threshold and
the $\Delta(1232)$-resonance show an enhanced sensitivity to the generalized
polarizabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148511 </DOCNO>
Higher Spin Conformal Symmetry for Matter Fields in 2+1 Dimensions


  A simple realization of the conformal higher spin symmetry on the free $3d$
massless matter fields is given in terms of an auxiliary Fock module both in
the flat and $AdS_3$ case. The duality between non-unitary field-theoretical
representations of the conformal algebra and the unitary (singleton--type)
representations of the $3d$ conformal algebra $sp(4,\R)$ is formulated
explicitly in terms of a certain Bogolyubov transform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168901 </DOCNO>
Conditional two mode squeezed vacuum teleportation


  We show, by making conditional measurements on the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen
(EPR) squeezed vacuum, that one can improve the efficacy of teleportation for
both the position difference, momentum sum and number difference, phase sum
continuous variable teleportation protocols. We investigate the relative
abilities of the standard and conditional EPR states, and show that by
conditioning we can improve the fidelity of teleportation of coherent states
from below to above the $\bar{F} = 2/3$ boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75902 </DOCNO>
Stability of strange quark matter in the MIT bag model and in the Color


  We utilize the MIT bag model and two different versions of the Color
Dielectric Model in order to study the properties of strange matter, and to
discuss the stability of strangelets. We also investigate the effect of the
introduction of perturbative gluons. The MIT bag model and the Double Minimum
version of the Color Dielectric Model allow the existence of strangelets, while
the Single Minimum version excludes this possibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127173 </DOCNO>
Are Simulations of CDM Consistent with Galactic-Scale Observations at


  We compare new observations on the kinematic characteristics of the damped
Lya systems against results from numerical SPH simulations to test the
predictions of hierarchical galaxy formation. This exercise is particularly
motivated by recent numerical results on the cross-section of damped Lya
systems. Our analysis focuses on the velocity widths of ~50 low-ion absorption
profiles from our sample of z>1.5 damped Lya systems. The results indicate that
current numerical simulations fail to match the damped Lya observations at high
confidence levels (>99.9%). Although we do not believe that our results present
an insurmountable challenge to the paradigm of hierarchical cosmology, the
damped Lya observations suggest that current numerical SPH simulations overlook
an integral aspect of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99083 </DOCNO>
Convexity of Hamiltonian manifolds


  Let K be a connected Lie group and M a Hamiltonian K-manifold. In this paper,
we introduce the notion of convexity of M. It implies that the momentum image
is convex, the moment map has connected fibers, and the total moment map is
open onto its image. Conversely, the three properties above imply convexity. We
show that most Hamiltonian manifolds occuring "in nature" are convex (e.g., if
M is compact, complex algebraic, or a cotangent bundle). Moreover, every
Hamiltonian manifold is locally convex. This is an expanded version of section
2 of my paper dg-ga/9712010 on Weyl groups of Hamiltonian manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41609 </DOCNO>
Jets and multiplicities in e+e-


  Recent results on jet and inclusive charged particle production in hadronic
e+e- interactions are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4643 </DOCNO>
Kolmogorov-Burgers Model for Star Forming Turbulence


  The process of star formation in interstellar molecular clouds is believed to
be controlled by driven supersonic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. We suggest
that in the inertial range such turbulence obeys the Kolmogorov law, while in
the dissipative range it behaves as Burgers turbulence developing shock
singularities. On the base of the She-Leveque analytical model we then predict
the velocity power spectrum in the inertial range to be E_k ~ k^{-1.74}. This
result reproduces the observational Larson law, <u^2_l>~ l^{0.74...0.76},
[Larson, MNRAS 194 (1981) 809] and agrees well with recent numerical findings
by Padoan and Nordlund [astro-ph/0011465]. The application of the model to more
general dissipative structures, with higher fractal dimensionality, leads to
better agreement with recent observational results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73491 </DOCNO>
Quark Stars as inner engines for Gamma Ray Bursts?


  A model for Gamma ray bursts inner engine based on quark stars (speculated to
exist in nature) is presented. We describe how and why these objects might
constitute new candidates for GRB inner engines. At the heart of the model is
the onset of exotic phases of quark matter at the surface of such stars, in
particular the 2-flavor color superconductivity. A novel feature of such a
phase is the generation of particles which are unstable to photon decay
providing a natural mechanism for a fireball generation; an approach which is
fundamentally different from models where the fireball is generated during
collapse or conversion of neutron star to quark star processes. The model is
capable of reproducing crucial features of Gamma ray bursts, such as the
episodic activity of the engine (multiple and random shell emission) and the
two distinct categories of the bursts (two regimes are isolated in the model
with \sim 2 s and \sim 81 s burst total duration).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85844 </DOCNO>
Anti-self-dual four-manifolds with a parallel real spinor


  Anti-self-dual metrics in the $(++--)$ signature which admit a covariantly
constant real spinor are studied. It is shown that finding such metrics reduces
to solving a fourth order integrable PDE, and some examples are given. The
corresponding twistor space is characterised by existence of a preferred
non-zero real section of $\kappa^{-1/4}$, where $\kappa$ is the canonical line
bundle of the twistor space It is demonstrated that if the parallel spinor is
preserved by a Killing vector, then the fourth order PDE reduces to the
dispersionless Kadomtsev--Petviashvili equation and its linearisation.
Einstein--Weyl structures on the space of trajectories of the symmetry are
characterised by the existence of a parallel weighted null vector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169006 </DOCNO>
A new application of non-canonical maps in quantum mechanics


  A proof is given that an invertible and a unitary operator can be used to
reproduce the effect of a q-deformed commutator of annihilation and creation
operators. In other words, the original annihilation and creation operators are
mapped into new operators, not conjugate to each other, whose standard
commutator equals the identity plus a correction proportional to the original
number operator. The consistency condition for the existence of this new set of
operators is derived, by exploiting the Stone theorem on 1-parameter unitary
groups. The above scheme leads to modified equations of motion which do not
preserve the properties of the original first-order set for annihilation and
creation operators. Their relation with commutation relations is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73758 </DOCNO>
On fermionic vacuum energy


  We quantitatively compute the rate and spectrum of spontaneous photon
emissions, caused by the vacuum decaying when an external magnetic field is
introduced. The spectrum of spontaneous photon emissions shows the
energy-momentum-dependency in the low-energy region and in the high energy
region, is respectively similar to the Rayleigh-Jeans part and the Wien part of
the spectrum of the black-body radiation. However, the energy-momentum of
spontaneous photon emissions is quantized, analogous to the Wigner spectrum.
This provides quantitative results for experimental testes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74311 </DOCNO>
Analytical description of muon distributions at large depths


  The analytical expression for integral energy spectra and zenith angle
distributions of atmospheric muons at large depths is derived. Fluctuations of
muon energy losses are described using the parametrized correction factor. The
fitting formula for the sea level muon spectrum at different zenith angles for
spherical atmosphere is proposed. The concrete calculations for pure water are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2643 </DOCNO>
Effect of pressure on the superconducting Tc of MgB2


  Measurements of the superconducting transition temperature Tc have been
performed by the inductive method on MgB2 at pressures up to 28 GPa. Tc
decreases with applied pressure, exhibiting a cusp at about 9 GPa. We interpret
the appearance of this anomaly in the Tc(P) dependence as a result of the
pressure-induced electronic transition. Recent band-structure calculations for
MgB2 give some support for such an explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168567 </DOCNO>
Quantum control using sequences of simple control pulses


  Structured decompositions of a desired unitary operator are employed to
derive control schemes that achieve certain control objectives for finite-level
quantum systems using only sequences of simple control pulses such as square
waves with finite rise and decay times or Gaussian wavepackets. The technique
is applied to find control schemes that achieve population transfers for
pure-state systems, complete inversions of the ensemble populations for
mixed-state systems, create arbitrary superposition states and optimize the
ensemble average of observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73931 </DOCNO>
Grand Unification in Extra Dimensions and Proton Decay


  We discuss baryon and lepton violation in the context of a simple
5-dimensional grand unified model, based on the orbifold S^1/(Z_2 x Z_2').
While gauge and Higgs degrees of freedom live in the bulk, matter is located on
the boundaries of the space-time. We show that proton decay is naturally
suppressed or even forbidden by suitable implementations of the parity
symmetries in the matter sector. The corresponding mechanism does not affect
the SU(5) description of fermion masses also including neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2632 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Thomas-Fermi Model at Finite Temperatures


  We briefly review the Thomas-Fermi statistical model of atoms in the
classical non-relativistic formulation and in the generalised finite-nucleus
relativistic formulation. We then discuss the classical generalisation of the
model to finite temperatures in the non-relativistic approximation and present
a new relativistic model at finite temperatures, investigating how to recover
the existing theory in the limit of low temperatures. This work is intended to
be a propedeutical study for the evaluation of equilibrium configurations of
relativistic ``hot'' white dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87047 </DOCNO>
Check of the Mass Bound Conjecture in the de Sitter Space


  Recently an interesting conjecture was put forward which states that any
asymptotically de Sitter space whose mass exceeds that of exact de Sitter space
contains a cosmological singularity. In order to test this mass bound
conjecture, we present two solutions. One is the topological de Sitter solution
and the other is its dilatonic deformation. Although the latter is not
asymptotically de Sitter space, the two solutions have a cosmological horizon
and a cosmological singularity. Using surface counterterm method we compute the
quasilocal stress-energy tensor of gravitational field and the mass of the two
solutions. It turns out that this conjecture holds within the two examples.
Also we show that the thermodynamic quantities associated with the cosmological
horizon of the two solutions obey the first law of thermodynamics. Furthermore,
the nonconformal extension of dS/CFT correspondence is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98740 </DOCNO>
Nouvelles statistiques de partitions pour les q-nombres de Stirling de


  Steingrimsson has recently introduced a partition analogue of
Foata-Zeilberger's mak statistic for permutations and conjectured that its
generating function is equal to the classical q-Stirling numbers of second
kind. In this paper we prove a generalization of Steingrimsson's conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6594 </DOCNO>
Condensate of low dimensional charged Bose disks in a uniform magnetic


  The Bose condensation of a stack of low dimensional disks which is composed
of a noninteracting charged Bose gas in a uniform magnetic field is studied. A
statistical approach with density of states at noninteger dimensions are
applied for the system. The condensate fraction of the disk system in a uniform
magnetic field is calculated. The stack of low dimensional charged Bose disks
is found not to share the condensate behavior of the traditional BCS
superfluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169088 </DOCNO>
Repulsive Casimir Force between Dielectric Planes


  In 1948 H.B.G.Casimir predicted that an attractive force between two
perfectly conducting neutral plates exists due to changes in the
electromagnetic vacuum energy caused by the influence of the plates. In 1956
E.M. Lifshitz derived an extension of Casimir's expression applicable to finite
temperatures and arbitrary dielectric constants for the two half-spaces and the
gap in between them. It is shown in this brief report that, while the Lifshitz
formula predicts an attractive force for the case of identical dielectric
constants for the two half-spaces, a repulsive force results in some
circumstances when the dielectric constants are not identical. The reason for
the repulsive force and possible applications will be considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76635 </DOCNO>
Form of analyzing power and the determination of the basic parameters of


  The determination of magnitudes of basic parameters of the high energy
elastic scattering amplitude are examined at small momentum transfers with
taking account of the Coulomb-hadron interference effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168604 </DOCNO>
The role of auxiliary states in state discrimination with linear optical


  The role of auxiliary photons in the problem of identifying a state secretly
chosen from a given set of L-photon states is analyzed. It is shown that
auxiliary photons do not increase the ability to discriminate such states by
means of a global measurement using only optical linear elements, conditional
transformation and auxiliary photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129086 </DOCNO>
Nonrelativistic Electron-Electron Thermal Bremsstrahlung Gaunt Factor


  With the launch of the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and XMM-Newton, X-ray
astronomy has entered an era of precision science. The precision observational
data taken by these satellites require precision basic physics data for their
analysis. The present authors have recently published a series of papers in
which they have reported the results of the accurate calculations of the
electron-ion thermal bremsstrahlung which are particularly suited for the
analysis of the high-temperature galaxy clusters. In this paper we will present
accurate analytic fitting formulae for the nonrelativistic electron-electron
thermal bremsstrahlung Gaunt factor which will be useful for the analysis of
the X-ray observational data taken by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and
XMM-Newton. With the publication of the present paper X-ray astronomers will be
provided with an accurate thermal bremsstrahlung Gaunt factor which has an
overall accuracy better than 1% for the temperature range 6.0 <log T[K] < 8.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149068 </DOCNO>
Localization of metric fluctuations on scalar branes


  The localization of metric fluctuations on scalar brane configurations
breaking spontaneously five-dimensional Poincar\'e invariance is discussed.
Assuming that the four-dimensional Planck mass is finite and that the geometry
is regular, it is demonstrated that the vector and scalar fluctuations of the
metric are not localized on the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127960 </DOCNO>
Chemical composition of red horizontal branch stars in the thick disk of


  High-resolution spectra of 13 core helium-burning stars in the thick disk of
the Galaxy have been obtained with the SOFIN spectrograph on the Nordic Optical
Telescope to investigate abundances of up to 22 chemical elements. Abundances
of carbon were studied using the C_2 Swan (0,1) band head at 5635.5 A. The
wavelength interval 7980-8130 A with strong CN features was analysed in order
to determine nitrogen abundances and 12C/13C isotope ratios. The oxygen
abundances were determined from the O I line at 6300 A. Abundances in the
investigated stars suggest that carbon is depleted by about 0.3 dex, nitrogen
is enhanced by more than 0.4 dex and oxygen is unaltered. The 12C/13C ratios
are lowered and lie between values 3 and 7 which is in agreement with "cool
bottom processing" predictions (Boothroyd & Sackmann 1999). The C/N ratios in
the investigated stars are lowered to values between 0.7 and 1.2 which is less
than present day theoretical predictions and call for further studies of
stellar mixing processes. Abundance ratios of O, Mg, Eu and other heavy
chemical elements to iron in the investigated stars show a pattern
characteristic of thick disk stars. The results provide evidence that the thick
disk population has a distinct chemical history from the thin disk. The onset
of the bulk of SN Ia is suggested to appear around [Fe/H] = -0.6 dex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179495 </DOCNO>
A Quasi-Classical Model of Intermediate Velocity Particle Production in


  The particle emission at intermediate velocities in mass asymmetric reactions
is studied within the framework of classical molecular dynamics. Two reactions
in the Fermi energy domain were modelized, $^{58}$Ni+C and $^{58}$Ni+Au at 34.5
MeV/nucleon. The availability of microscopic correlations at all times allowed
a detailed study of the fragment formation process. Special attention was paid
to the physical origin of fragments and emission timescales, which allowed us
to disentangle the different processes involved in the mid-rapidity particle
production. Consequently, a clear distinction between a prompt pre- equilibrium
emission and a delayed aligned asymmetric breakup of the heavier partner of the
reaction was achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98108 </DOCNO>
Mean Curvature Flow of Surfaces in Einstein Four-Manifolds


  Let \Sigma be a compact oriented surface immersed in a four dimensional
K\"ahler-Einstein manifold M. We consider the evolution of \Sigma in the
direction of its mean curvature vector. It is proved that being symplectic is
preserved along the flow and the flow does not develop type I singularity. When
M has two parallel K\"ahler forms \omega' and \omega'' that determine different
orientations and\Sigma is symplectic with respect to both \omega' and \omega'',
we prove the mean curvature flow of \Sigma exists smoothly for all time. In the
positive curvature case, the flow indeed converges at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41186 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Physics Resource Book for Snowmass 2001 - Part 1:


  This Resource Book reviews the physics opportunities of a next-generation
e+e- linear collider and discusses options for the experimental program. Part 1
contains the table of contents and introduction and gives a summary of the case
for a 500 GeV linear collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128852 </DOCNO>
A Sensitive Targeted Search Campaign at Parkes to Find Young Radio


  We describe a sensitive targeted search campaign at Parkes to find faint
young radio pulsars using the center beam of the 20-cm multibeam receiver. The
high frequency of the receiver mitigates scattering effects which can dominate
profiles of distant pulsars at low frequencies and prevent detection. The
targets included several composite supernova remnants (SNRs), two fast X-ray
pulsars, long-period anomalous X-ray pulsars, and a soft gamma repeater. The
sensitivity limits in this search are significantly better than those
previously reported for these objects. We have discovered three new radio
pulsars, two of which are not associated with the target objects. The third
pulsar, PSR J1713-3949, is possibly associated with SNR G347.3-0.5; the
estimated ages and distances of the two objects are consistent, but a more
significant positional coincidence must be established with the central X-ray
source in the SNR through pulsar timing to confirm or refute the association.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75880 </DOCNO>
Analysis of particle production in ultra-relativistic heavy ion


  The experimental data on hadron yields and ratios in central lead-lead and
gold-gold collisions at 158 AGeV/$c$ (SPS) and $\sqrt{s} = 130$ AGeV (RHIC),
respectively, are analysed within a two-source statistical model of an ideal
hadron gas. A comparison with the standard thermal model is given. The two
sources, which can reach the chemical and thermal equilibrium separately and
may have different temperatures, particle and strangeness densities, and other
thermodynamic characteristics, represent the expanding system of colliding
heavy ions, where the hot central fireball is embedded in a larger but cooler
fireball. The volume of the central source increases with rising bombarding
energy. Results of the two-source model fit to RHIC experimental data at
midrapidity coincide with the results of the one-source thermal model fit,
indicating the formation of an extended fireball, which is three times larger
than the corresponding core at SPS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179161 </DOCNO>
Emission of single photons, hadrons, and dileptons in $Pb+Pb$ collisions


  The production of single photons in $Pb+Pb$ collisions at the CERN SPS as
measured by the WA98 experiment is analysed. A quark gluon plasma is assumed to
be formed initially, which expands, cools, hadronizes, and undergoes
freeze-out. A rich hadronic equation of state is used and the transverse
expansion of the interacting system is taken into account. The recent estimates
of photon production in quark-matter (at two loop level) along with the
dominant reactions in the hadronic matter leading to photons are used. About
half of the radiated photons are seen to have a thermal origin. The same
treatment and the initial conditions provide a very good description to
hadronic spectra measured by several groups and the intermediate mass dileptons
measured by the NA50 experiment, lending a strong support to the conclusion
that quark gluon plasma has been formed in these collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168558 </DOCNO>
A Convergent Iterative Solution of the Quantum Double-well Potential


  We present a new convergent iterative solution for the two lowest quantum
wave functions $\psi_{ev}$ and $\psi_{od}$ of the Hamiltonian with a quartic
double well potential $V$ in one dimension. By starting from a trial function,
which is by itself the exact lowest even or odd eigenstate of a different
Hamiltonian with a modified potential $V+\delta V$, we construct the Green's
function for the modified potential. The true wave functions, $\psi_{ev}$ or
$\psi_{od}$, then satisfies a linear inhomogeneous integral equation, in which
the inhomogeneous term is the trial function, and the kernel is the product of
the Green's function times the sum of $\delta V$, the potential difference, and
the corresponding energy shift. By iterating this equation we obtain successive
approximations to the true wave function; furthermore, the approximate energy
shift is also adjusted at each iteration so that the approximate wave function
is well behaved everywhere. We are able to prove that this iterative procedure
converges for both the energy and the wave function at all $x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6491 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensates in a 1D Optical Lattice


  We give an overview on current experiments on Bose-Einstein condensation
(BEC) in a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice. We introduce measurements of
ground state, tunnelling and dynamical properties as well as investigations of
atom optical applications and thermodynamical properties. Measurements of the
coherent atomic current in an array of Josephson junctions and the critical
velocity for the breakdown of superfluid motion are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95514 </DOCNO>
Cartan's topological structure


  A system of differential forms will establish a topology and a topological
structure on a domain of independent variables such that is possible to
determine which maps or processes acting on the system are continuous. Perhaps
the most simple topology is that generated by the existence of a single 1-form
of Action, its Pfaff sequence of exterior differentials, and their
intersections. In such a topology the exterior derivative becomes a limit point
generator in the sense of Kuratowski. The utilization of such techniques in
physical systems is examined. A key feature of the Cartan topology is
determined by the Pfaff dimension (representing the minimum number of functions
to describe the 1-form generator). In particular, when the Pfaff dimension is 3
or more the Cartan topology becomes a disconnected topology, with the existence
of topological torsion and topological parity. Most classical physical
applications are constrained to cases where the Pfaff dimension is 2 or less,
for such is the domain of unique integrability. The more interesting domain of
non-unique solutions requires the existence of topological torsion, and can
lead to an understanding of irreversible processes without the use of
statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126813 </DOCNO>
Using the Ca II Triplet to Trace Abundance Variations in Individual Red


  Spectroscopic abundance determinations for stars spanning a Hubble time in
age are necessary in order to unambiguously determine the evolutionary
histories of galaxies. Using FORS1 in Multi-Object Spectroscopy mode on ANTU
(UT1) at the ESO-VLT on Paranal we obtained near infrared spectra from which we
measured the equivalent widths of the two strongest Ca II triplet lines to
determine metal abundances for a sample of Red Giant Branch stars, selected
from ESO-NTT optical (I, V-I) photometry of three nearby, Local Group,
galaxies: the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal, the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal and the
Dwarf Irregular NGC 6822. The summed equivalent width of the two strongest
lines in the Ca II triplet absorption line feature, centered at 8500A, can be
readily converted into an [Fe/H] abundance using the previously established
calibrations by Armandroff & Da Costa (1991) and Rutledge, Hesser & Stetson
(1997). We measured metallicities for 37 stars in Sculptor, 32 stars in Fornax,
and 23 stars in NGC 6822, yielding more precise estimates of the metallicity
distribution functions for these galaxies than it is possible to obtain
photometrically. In the case of NGC 6822, this is the first direct measurement
of the abundances of the intermediate-age and old stellar populations. We find
metallicity spreads in each galaxy which are broadly consistent with the
photometric width of the Red Giant Branch, although the abundances of
individual stars do not always appear to correspond to their colour. This is
almost certainly predominantly due to a highly variable star formation rate
with time in these galaxies, which results in a non-uniform,
non-globular-cluster-like, evolution of the Ca/Fe ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127176 </DOCNO>
Properties of Planet-induced Deviations in the Astrometric Microlensing


  In this paper, we investigate the properties of the planet-induced deviations
in the trajectory of the microlensed source star centroid motion (astrometric
curve) and the correlations between the astrometric and photometric deviations.
For this, we construct vector field maps of excess centroid shifts. Fromthe
investigation of the maps, we find that the astrometric deviation is closely
correlated with the photometric one. The astrometric deviation increases as the
photometric deviation increases and $\Delta\deltavec$ is directed towards the
planet when the light curve has positive deviation and vice versa. We also
present excess centroid shift maps for lens systems with various values of the
planetary separation, planet/primary mass ratio, and source size to show the
changes in the pattern of excess centroid shifts with these parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5867 </DOCNO>
The spike-timing-dependent learning rule to encode spatiotemporal


  We study associative memory neural networks based on the Hodgkin-Huxley type
of spiking neurons. We introduce the spike-timing-dependent learning rule, in
which the time window with the negative part as well as the positive part is
used to describe the biologically plausible synaptic plasticity. The learning
rule is applied to encode a number of periodical spatiotemporal patterns, which
are successfully reproduced in the periodical firing pattern of spiking neurons
in the process of memory retrieval. The global inhibition is incorporated into
the model so as to induce the gamma oscillation. The occurrence of gamma
oscillation turns out to give appropriate spike timings for memory retrieval of
discrete type of spatiotemporal pattern. The theoretical analysis to elucidate
the stationary properties of perfect retrieval state is conducted in the limit
of an infinite number of neurons and shows the good agreement with the result
of numerical simulations. The result of this analysis indicates that the
presence of the negative and positive parts in the form of the time window
contributes to reduce the size of crosstalk term, implying that the time window
with the negative and positive parts is suitable to encode a number of
spatiotemporal patterns. We draw some phase diagrams, in which we find various
types of phase transitions with change of the intensity of global inhibition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168985 </DOCNO>
Quantum techniques using continuous variables of light


  We present schemes for the generation and evaluation of continuous variable
entanglement of bright optical beams and give a brief overview of the variety
of optical techniques and quantum communication applications on this basis. A
new entanglement-based quantum interferometry scheme with bright beams is
suggested. The performance of the presented schemes is independent of the
relative interference phase which is advantageous for quantum communication
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128074 </DOCNO>
Omega Centauri as a Disrupted Dwarf Galaxy: Evidence from Multiple


  Our recent CCD photometry (Lee et al. 1999) has shown, for the first time,
that omega Cen has several distinct stellar populations, which is reminiscent
of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. Here we present more detailed analysis of the
data along with the population models. We confirm the presence of several
distinct red-giant-branches (RGBs) with a red metal-rich sequence well
separated from other bluer metal-poor ones. Our population models suggest the
red clump associated with the most metal-rich RGB is about 4 Gyr younger than
the dominant metal-poor component, indicating that omega Cen was enriched over
this timescale. These features, taken together with this cluster's other
unusual characteristics, provide good evidence that omega Cen was once part of
a more massive system that merged with the Milky Way, as the Sagittarius dwarf
galaxy is in the process of doing now. Mergers probably were much more frequent
in the early history of the Galaxy and omega Cen appears to be a relict of this
era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1397 </DOCNO>
Theory of semi-flexible polymers


  We have mapped the physics of a system of semi-flexible inextensible polymers
onto a complex Ginzburg-Landau field theory using techniques of functional
integration. It is shown in the limit of low number density of monomers in a
melt of semi-flexible, inextensible polymers, kept apart by an excluded volume
interaction, the radius of gyration scales as N^{nu}, where N is the chain
length, and nu = 1, in contrast to the value of nu ~ 0.6 for flexible polymer
melts. Using Renormalization Group arguments, we show that the system exhibits
an infra-red stable fixed point which can be identified as the transition to
the entangled state. Experiments to test these calculations are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123696 </DOCNO>
The Hubble Deep Field in the Far Ultraviolet


  Results from a recent HST survey of field galaxies at wavelengths 1600
Angstroms and 2400 Angstroms are be presented. The data are used to constrain
the fraction of Lyman-continuum radiation that escapes from galaxies at
redshifts z ~ 1. The combined UV-IR photometry for HDF galaxies is also used to
investigate whether low-mass starburst galaxies dominate the field-galaxy
population at redshift z ~1. The relative lack of objects with the colors of
faded bursts suggests that star-formation is largly quiescent rather than
bursty or episodic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113884 </DOCNO>
Study of Low beta-y Straight Section in SPEAR 3


  The SPEAR 3 light source has two 7.6 m straight sections one of which is
available for new insertion devices (ID). By reducing the vertical beta
function at the center of the straight from 9.8 m to 1.5 m, the beam size can
be decreased from 44 to 17 microns to reduce the ID gap, but the ID length may
be limited by the increased beta-y variation in the ID. Alternatively, a
``double waist'' optics with two symmetric low beta-y locations and a chicane
may be considered to implement two IDs. In this paper, we discuss the low
beta-y optics, effects on the beam dynamic aperture, and the ID parameters
needed to maximize photon flux density and brightness while maintaining
electron beam lifetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84012 </DOCNO>
Upgrade of Spring-8 Beamline Network with Vlan Technology Over Gigabit


  The beamline network system at SPring-8 consists of three LANs; a BL-LAN for
beamline component control, a BL-USER-LAN for beamline experimental users and
an OA-LAN for the information services. These LANs are interconnected by a
firewall system. Since the network traffic and the number of beamlines have
increased, we upgraded the backbone of BL-USER-LAN from Fast Ethernet to
Gigabit Ethernet. And then, to establish the independency of a beamline and to
raise flexibility of every beamline, we also introduced the IEEE802.1Q Virtual
LAN (VLAN) technology into the BL-USER-LAN. We discuss here a future plan to
build the firewall system with hardware load balancers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86979 </DOCNO>
What Casimir Energy can suggest about Space Time Foam?


  In the context of a model of space-time foam, made by $N$ wormholes we
discuss the possibility of having a foam formed by different configurations. An
equivalence between Schwarzschild and Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter wormholes in
terms of Casimir energy is shown. An argument to discriminate which
configuration could represent a foamy vacuum coming from Schwarzschild black
hole transition frequencies is used. The case of a positive cosmological
constant is also discussed. Finally, a discussion involving charged wormholes
leads to the conclusion that they cannot be used to represent a ground state of
the foamy type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75487 </DOCNO>
Approximate calculation of corrections at NLO and NNLO


  For processes involving structure functions and/or fragmentation functions,
arguments that there is a part that dominates the NLO corrections are briefly
reviewed. The arguments are tested against more recent NLO and in particular
NNLO calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127892 </DOCNO>
Probing Dark Matter Substructure in Lens Galaxies


  We investigate the effects of numerous dark matter subhalos in a galaxy-sized
halo on the events of strong lensing, to assess their presence as expected from
the cold dark matter scenario. Lens galaxies are represented by a smooth
ellipsoid in an external shear field and additional cold dark matter subhalos
taken from Monte Carlo realizations which accord with recent N-body results. We
also consider other possible perturbers, globular clusters and luminous dwarf
satellites, for comparison. We then apply the models to the particular lens
systems with four images, B1422+231 and PG1115+080, for which smooth lens
models are unable to reproduce both the positions of the images and their radio
flux ratios or dust-free optical flux ratios simultaneously. We show that the
perturbations by both globular clusters and dwarf satellites are too small to
change the flux ratios, whereas cold dark matter subhalos are most likely
perturbers to reproduce the observed flux ratios in a statistically significant
manner. This result suggests us the presence of numerous subhalos in lens
galaxies, which is consistent with the results of cosmological N-body
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86358 </DOCNO>
The Semiclassical Limit of Loop Quantum Cosmology


  The continuum and semiclassical limits of isotropic, spatially flat loop
quantum cosmology are discussed, with an emphasis on the role played by the
Barbero-Immirzi parameter \gamma in controlling space-time discreteness. In
this way, standard quantum cosmology is shown to be the simultaneous limit
\gamma \to 0, j \to \infty of loop quantum cosmology. Here, j is a label of the
volume eigenvalues, and the simultaneous limit is technically the same as the
classical limit \hbar \to 0, l \to \infty of angular momentum in quantum
mechanics. Possible lessons for semiclassical states at the dynamical level in
the full theory of quantum geometry are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5704 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a single electron in the disordered Holstein model


  We study, at zero temperature, the dynamics of a single electron in a
Holstein model augmented by site-diagonal, binary-alloy type disorder. The
average over the phonon vacuum and the alloy configurations is performed within
a generalized dynamical coherent potential approximation. We present numerical
results for a Bethe lattice with infinite coordination number. In particular,
we investigate, in the intermediate electron-phonon coupling regime, the
spectral and diffusion properties in the vicinity of the high-energy edge of
the lowest polaronic subband. To characterize the diffusion properties, we
define a spectrally resolved delocalization time, which is, for a given energy,
the characteristic time scale on which the electron leaves a given site. We
find the delocalization times substantially enhanced for states with a large
phonon content, i.e., in the absence (presence) of alloy-type disorder at the
high-energy edge(s) of the polaronic subband (mini-subbands). According to
their delocalization times, we discriminate between ``fast''
quasi-particle-like and ``sluggish'' defect-like polaron states and
qualitatively address the issue of trapping of an electronic carrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2389 </DOCNO>
Comment on: `Pipe Network Model for Scaling of Dynamic Interfaces in


  We argue that a proposed exponent identity [Phys. Rev. Lett 85, 1238 (2000)]
for interface roughening in spontaneous imbibition is wrong. It rests on the
assumption that the fluctuations are controlled by a single time scale, but
liquid conservation imposes two distinct time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86703 </DOCNO>
Gravitational effects on entangled states and interferometer with


  It is discussed how systems of quantum-correlated (entangled)particles or
atoms behave in external gravitational fields and what gravitational effects
may exist in such systems. An experimental setup is proposed which improves the
sensitivity of the Ramsey interferometer by the usage of quantum-correlated
atoms. Entanglement of $n$ atoms improves the sensitivity to small phase shifts
in $n^2$ times. This scheme may be used for observing gravity-induced phase
shifts in laboratory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7184 </DOCNO>
Multiple Field-Induced Phase Transitions in a Geometrically-Frustrated


  Field-driven phase transitions generally arise from competition between
Zeeman energy and exchange or crystal-field anisotropy.
 Here we present the phase diagram of a frustrated pyrochlore magnet Gd2Ti2O7,
where crystal field splitting is small compared to the dipolar energy. We find
good agreement between zero-temperature critical fields and those obtained from
a mean-field model. Here, dipolar interactions couple real-space and
spin-space, so the transitions in Gd2Ti2O7 arise from field-induced
"cooperative anisotropy" reflecting the broken spatial symmetries of the
pyrochlore lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72602 </DOCNO>
Coulomb-hadron phase factor and spin phenomena in a wide region of


  The Coulomb-hadron interference effects are examined at small and large $t$.
The methods for the definition of spin-dependent parts of hadron scattering
amplitude are presented. The additional contributions to analyzing power $A_N$
and the double spin correlation parameter $A_{NN}$ owing to the
electromagnetic-hadron interference are determined in the diffraction dip
domain of high-energy elastic hadron scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75766 </DOCNO>
The spin structure of the Lambda hyperon in quenched lattice QCD


  It has been suggested to use the production of Lambda hyperons for
investigating the nucleon spin structure. The viability of this idea depends
crucially on the spin structure of the Lambda. Using nonperturbatively O(a)
improved Wilson fermions in the quenched approximation we have studied matrix
elements of two-quark operators in the Lambda. We present results for the axial
vector current, which give us the contributions of the u, d, and s quarks to
the Lambda spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168172 </DOCNO>
Simulation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiments in a local hidden


  We simulate correlation measurements of entangled photons numerically. The
model employed is strictly local. The correlation is determined by its
classical expression with one decisive difference: we sum up coincidences for
each pair individually. We analyze the effects of decoherence, detector
efficiency and polarizer thresholds in detail. The Bell inequalities are
violated in these simulations. The violation depends crucially on the threshold
of the polarizer switches and can reach a value of 2.0 in the limiting case.
Existing experiments can be fully accounted for by limited coherence and
non-ideal detector switches. It seems thus safe to conclude that the Bell
inequalities are no suitable criterium to decide on the nonlocality issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148485 </DOCNO>
D6 branes and M theory geometrical transitions from gauged supergravity


  We study the supergravity duals of supersymmetric theories arising in the
world-volume of D6 branes wrapping holomorphic two-cycles and special
Lagrangian three-cycles within the framework of eight dimensional gauged
supergravity. When uplifted to 11d, our solutions represent M-theory on the
background of, respectively, the small resolution of the conifold and a
manifold with G_2 holonomy. We further discuss on the flop and other possible
geometrical transitions and its implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150313 </DOCNO>
Conformal Covariantization of Moyal-Lax Operators


  A covariant approach to the conformal property associated with Moyal-Lax
operators is given. By identifying the conformal covariance with the second
Gelfand-Dickey flow, we covariantize Moyal-Lax operators to construct the
primary fields of one-parameter deformation of classical $W$-algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126974 </DOCNO>
The CLASS blazar survey. I - selection criteria and radio properties


  This paper presents a new complete and well defined sample of Flat Spectrum
Radio Sources (FSRS) selected from the CLASS survey with the further constraint
of a bright (mag<17.5) optical counterpart. The sample has been designed to
produce a large number of low-luminosity blazars in order to test the current
unifying models in the low luminosity regime. In this first paper the new
sample is presented and the radio properties of the 325 sources contained
therein discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96912 </DOCNO>
Amalgams of nilpotent groups of class two


  We give necessary and sufficient conditions for weak and strong embeddability
of amalgams in each subvariety of the category of all nilpotent groups of class
at most two; this generalizes B. Maier's result for the latter class. We also
discuss dominions (in the sense of Isbell), and characterize the weak, strong,
and special amalgamation bases for each subvariety, contrasting the resulting
classes with one another.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74286 </DOCNO>
Gravitational wave production: A strong constraint on primordial


  We compute the gravity waves induced by anisotropic stresses of stochastic
primordial magnetic fields. The nucleosynthesis bound on gravity waves is then
used to derive a limit on the magnetic field amplitude as function of the
spectral index. The obtained limits are extraordinarily strong: If the
primordial magnetic field is produced by a causal process, leading to a
spectral index $n\ge 2$ on super horizon scales, galactic magnetic fields
produced at the electroweak phase transition or earlier have to be weaker than
$B_\la \le 10^{-27}$Gauss! If they are induced during an inflationary phase
(reheating temperature $T\sim 10^{15}$GeV) with a spectral index $n\sim 0$, the
magnetic field has to be weaker than $B_\la \le 10^{-39}$Gauss! Only very red
magnetic field spectra, $n\sim -3$ are not strongly constrained. We also find
that a considerable amount of the magnetic field energy is converted into
gravity waves. The gravity wave limit derived in this work rules out most of
the proposed processes for primordial seeds for the large scale coherent
magnetic fields observed in galaxies and clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7058 </DOCNO>
Quantum discrete $\phi ^4$ model at finite temperatures: the mean-field


  The quantum discrete $\phi ^4$ model at finite temperature is studied in the
mean-field approximation. The phase diagrams are obtained for a wide range of
the model parameters. The domains of applicability for the classical, quantum,
and order-disorder limits are determined. It is shown that a remarkable part of
the phase diagram is reproduced by the first quantum correction to the
classical result. Parameters of Sn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$, SrTiO$_3$, and KH$_2$PO$_4$
are placed in the phase diagram of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114263 </DOCNO>
Polarization state of the optical near-field


  The polarization state of the optical electromagnetic field lying several
nanometers above complex dielectric structures reveals the intricate
light-matter interaction that occurs in this near-field zone. This information
can only be extracted from an analysis of the polarization state of the
detected light in the near-field. These polarization states can be calculated
by different numerical methods well-suited to near--field optics. In this
paper, we apply two different techniques (Localized Green Function Method and
Differential Theory of Gratings) to separate each polarisation component
associated with both electric and magnetic optical near-fields produced by
nanometer sized objects. The analysis is carried out in two stages: in the
first stage, we use a simple dipolar model to achieve insight into the physical
origin of the near-field polarization state. In the second stage, we calculate
accurate numerical field maps, simulating experimental near-field light
detection, to supplement the data produced by analytical models. We conclude
this study by demonstrating the role played by the near-field polarization in
the formation of the local density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97137 </DOCNO>
Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a non-Archimedean


  Quasi-invariant and pseudo-differentiable measures on a Banach space $X$ over
a non-Archimedean locally compact infinite field with a non-trivial valuation
are defined and constructed. Measures are considered with values in
non-Archimedean fields, for example, the field $\bf Q_p$ of $p$- adic numbers.
Theorems and criteria are formulated and proved about quasi-invariance and
pseudo-differentiability of measures relative to linear and non-linear
operators on $X$. Characteristic functionals of measures are studied. Moreover,
the non-Archimedean analogs of the Bochner-Kolmogorov and Minlos-Sazonov
theorems are investigated. Infinite products of measures are considered and the
analog of the Kakutani theorem is proved. Convergence of quasi-invariant and
pseudo-differentiable measures in the corresponding spaces of measures is
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3502 </DOCNO>
Dynamic of a non homogeneously coarse grained system


  To study materials phenomena simultaneously at various length scales,
descriptions in which matter can be coarse grained to arbitrary levels, are
necessary. Attempts to do this in the static regime (i.e. zero temperature)
have already been developed. In this letter, we present an approach that leads
to a dynamics for such coarse-grained models. This allows us to obtain
temperature-dependent and transport properties. Renormalization group theory is
used to create new local potentials model between nodes, within the
approximation of local thermodynamical equilibrium. Assuming that these
potentials give an averaged description of node dynamics, we calculate thermal
and mechanical properties. If this method can be sufficiently generalized it
may form the basis of a Molecular Dynamics method with time and spatial
coarse-graining.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40947 </DOCNO>
Measurement of V_{cb} from the decay process \bar{B^0} -> D^{*+} \ell^-


  A new precise measurement of |V_{cb}| and of the branching ratio BR(\bar{B^0}
-> D^{*+} \ell^- \bar{\nu_\ell}) has been performed using a sample of about
5000 semileptonic decays \bar{B^0} -> D^{*+} \ell^- \bar{\nu_\ell}, selected by
the DELPHI detector at LEP I by tagging the soft pion from D^{*+} -> D^0 \pi^+.
The results are:
  V_{cb}=(39.0 +/- 1.5 (stat.) ^{+2.5}_{-2.6} (syst. exp.) +/- 1.3 (syst. th.))
x 10^{-3}
  BR(\bar{B^0} -> D^{*+} \ell^- \bar{\nu_\ell})=(4.70 +/- 0.13 (stat.)
^{+0.36}_{-0.31} (syst. exp.))%
  The analytic dependences of the differential cross-section and of the Isgur
Wise form factor as functions of the variable w = v_{B^0}.v_{D^*} have also
been obtained by unfolding the experimental resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72604 </DOCNO>
Relativistic corrections to the electromagnetic polarizabilities of


  The low-energy amplitude of Compton scattering on the bound state of two
charged particles of arbitrary masses, charges and spins is calculated. A case
in which the bound state exists due to electromagnetic interaction (QED) is
considered. The term, proportional to $\omega^2$, is obtained taking into
account the first relativistic correction. It is shown that the complete result
for this correction differs essentially from the commonly used term
$\Delta\alpha$, proportional to the r.m.s. charge radius of the system. We
propose that the same situation can take place in the more complicated case of
hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98102 </DOCNO>
Quantum line bundles on noncommutative sphere


  Noncommutative (NC) sphere is introduced as a quotient of the enveloping
algebra of the Lie algebra su(2). Using the Cayley-Hamilton identities we
introduce projective modules which are analogues of line bundles on the usual
sphere (we call them quantum line bundles) and define a multiplicative
structure in their family. Also, we compute a pairing between certain quantum
line bundles and finite dimensional representations of the NC sphere in the
spirit of the NC index theorem. A new approach to constructing the differential
calculus on a NC sphere is suggested. The approach makes use of the projective
modules in question and gives rise to a NC de Rham complex being a deformation
of the classical one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87140 </DOCNO>
Analytic Continuation for Asymptotically AdS 3D Gravity


  We have previously proposed that asymptotically AdS 3D wormholes and black
holes can be analytically continued to the Euclidean signature. The analytic
continuation procedure was described for non-rotating spacetimes, for which a
plane t=0 of time symmetry exists. The resulting Euclidean manifolds turned out
to be handlebodies whose boundary is the Schottky double of the geometry of the
t=0 plane. In the present paper we generalize this analytic continuation map to
the case of rotating wormholes. The Euclidean manifolds we obtain are quotients
of the hyperbolic space by a certain quasi-Fuchsian group. The group is the
Fenchel-Nielsen deformation of the group of the non-rotating spacetime. The
angular velocity of an asymptotic region is shown to be related to the
Fenchel-Nielsen twist. This solves the problem of classification of rotating
black holes and wormholes in 2+1 dimensions: the spacetimes are parametrized by
the moduli of the boundary of the corresponding Euclidean spaces. We also
comment on the thermodynamics of the wormhole spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7566 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and


  High purity iron, which transforms into the hcp phase under pressure, has
recently been reported to be superconducing in the pressure range 150-300 kBar
[shim]. The electronic structure and the electron-phonon coupling
($\lambda_{ph}$) are calculated for hcp iron at different volumes. A
parameter-free theory for calculating the coupling constants $\lambda_{sf}$
from ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin fluctuations is
developed. The calculated $\lambda_{sf}$ are sufficiently large to explain
superconductivity especially from FM fluctuations. The results indicate that
superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations is more likely than from
electron-phonon interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74300 </DOCNO>
The Nonlinear Kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect


  We derive fully nonlinear expressions for temperature fluctuations from the
kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, the scattering of cosmic microwave background
(CMB) photons off hot electrons in bulk motion. Our result reproduces the
Ostriker-Vishniac effect to second order in perturbation theory but contains
important nonlinear contributions from the electron velocities and densities
that were neglected previously. We use the recently developed halo model for
nonlinear gravitational clustering to compute the nonlinear CMB power spectrum,
which dominates the primary anisotropy on small angular scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 422 </DOCNO>
Winterbottom Construction for Finite Range Ferromagnetic Models: An L_1


  We provide a rigorous microscopic derivation of the thermodynamic description
of equilibrium crystal shapes in the presence of a substrate, first studied by
Winterbottom. We consider finite range ferromagnetic Ising models with pair
interactions in dimensions greater or equal to 3, and model the substrate by a
finite-range boundary magnetic field acting on the spins close to the bottom
wall of the box.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6889 </DOCNO>
Generalised boundary conditions for the Aharonov-Bohm effect combined


  The most general admissible boundary conditions are derived for an idealised
Aharonov-Bohm flux intersecting the plane at the origin on the background of a
homogeneous magnetic field. A standard technique based on self-adjoint
extensions yields a four-parameter family of boundary conditions; other two
parameters of the model are the Aharonov-Bohm flux and the homogeneous magnetic
field. The generalised boundary conditions may be regarded as a combination of
the Aharonov-Bohm effect with a point interaction. Spectral properties of the
derived Hamiltonians are studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168161 </DOCNO>
Quantum Supearrivals


  A curious effect is uncovered by calculating the it time evolving probability
of reflection of a Gaussian wave packet from a rectangular potential barrier
while it is perturbed by reducing its height. A time interval is found during
which this probability of reflection is larger (``superarrivals'') than in the
unperturbed case. This nonclassical effect can be explained by requiring a wave
function to act as a ``field'' through which an action, induced by the
perturbation of the boundary condition, propagates at a speed depending upon
the rate of reducing the barrier height.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148768 </DOCNO>
Polarization of the D0 ground state in Quantum Mechanics and


  The presence of a distant D4-brane is used to further investigate the duality
between M-theory and D0-brane quantum mechanics. Although the D4-brane
background fields are not strong enough to induce a classical dielectric effect
in the D0 system, a polarization of the quantum mechanical ground state does
result. A similar deformation arises for the bubble of normal space found near
D0-branes in classical supergravity solutions. These deformations are compared
and are shown to have the same structure in each case. Brief comments are
included on the relation of D0-branes in this background to D0-branes as
instantons in the D4-brane field theory and an appendix addresses certain
infrared issues associated with 't Hooft scaling in 0+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3848 </DOCNO>
Critical Exponents for the Ferromagnetism in Colossal Magnetoresistance


  Critical phenomena of ferromagnetic transition in colossal magnetoresistance
manganites are theoretically studied. Concerning the critical exponents for
this transition, there still remains controversy among experimental results. In
order to clarify intrinsic physics of the manganites through a comparison with
theoretical prediction, we investigate the critical phenomena of
double-exchange models by using finite-size scaling analysis on unbiased
numerical results. As a result, we show that the critical exponents of the
ferromagnetic transition of the three-dimensional double-exchange model is
consistent with those of the Heisenberg model, but are distinct from the
mean-field one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150121 </DOCNO>
Violations of quantum mechanics


  We discuss the Schrodinger equation in presence of quaternionic potentials.
The study is performed analytically as long as it proves possible, when not, we
resort to numerical calculations. The results obtained could be useful to
investigate an underlying quaternionic quantum dynamics in particle physics.
Experimental tests and proposals to observe quaternionic quantum effects by
neutron interferometry are briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73380 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the K^0-\bar{K}^0 mixing parameter via the QCD sum rules


  The QCD finite energy sum rules method is used to show that the parameter of
the K^0-\bar{K}_0 mixing \hat{B} is mainly determined by the value of g m_s<
\bar{d} G_{\mu\nu} \sigma_{\mu\nu} d > and the vacuum expectation values of
four-quark operators. Assuming the hypothesis of vacuum dominance and/or
unitarity symmetry to estimate latter, it is found that \hat{B}=1.2\pm 0.1.
(The updated (March 2001) prediction reads \hat{B} = 1.0 +- 0.1 (for more
details, see Comments after the main text).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2357 </DOCNO>
Vortex dynamics in layered superconductors with correlated defects:


  We report a detailed study of the vortex dynamics and vortex phase diagrams
of two amorphous Ta_0.3Ge_0.7/Ge multilayered films with intrinsic coplanar
defects, but different interlayer coupling. A pinned Bose-glass phase in the
more weakly coupled sample exists only below a cross-over field H* in striking
contrast to the strongly coupled film. Above H* the flux lines are thought to
break up into pancake vortices and the cross-over field is significantly
increased when the field is aligned along the extended defects. The two films
show different vortex creep excitations in the Bose-glass phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81398 </DOCNO>
Discrete non-Abelian groups and asymptotically free models


  We consider a two-dimensional $\sigma$-model with discrete
icosahedral/dodecahedral symmetry. Using the perturbative renormalization
group, we argue that this model has a different continuum limit with respect to
the O(3) $\sigma$ model. Such an argument is confirmed by a high-precision
numerical simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75347 </DOCNO>
Dressed gluon exponentiation


  Perturbative and non-perturbative aspects of differential cross-sections
close to a kinematic threshold are studied applying ``dressed gluon
exponentiation'' (DGE). The factorization property of soft and collinear gluon
radiation is demonstrated using the light-cone axial gauge: it is shown that
the singular part of the squared matrix element for the emission of an
off-shell gluon off a nearly on-shell quark is universal. We derive a
generalized splitting function that describes the emission probability and show
how Sudakov logs emerge from the phase-space boundary where the gluon
transverse momentum vanishes. Both soft and collinear logs associated with a
single dressed gluon are computed through a single integral over the
running-coupling to any logarithmic accuracy. The result then serves as the
kernel for exponentiation. The divergence of the perturbative series in the
exponent indicates specific non-perturbative corrections. We identify two
classes of observables according to whether the radiation is from an
initial-state quark, as in the Drell-Yan process, or a final-state quark,
forming a jet with a constrained invariant mass, as in fragmentation functions,
event-shape variables and deep inelastic structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126186 </DOCNO>
The Shape of EAS Lateral Distribution and Primary Composition of the UHE


  Theoretical predictions for lateral distribution function of electrons in
extensive air showers based on scaling formalism are presented. Our results are
tested by comparison with AGASA experimental data taking into account the
contribution of low-energy muons and simultaneously the effect of scintillation
detectors response, according to recent simulation results. The possibility for
ultrahigh energy cosmic ray primary composition deduction from the shape of LDF
is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2111 </DOCNO>
Profit Profiles in Correlated Markets


  We consider a financial market where the asset price follows a fractional
Brownian motion. We introduce a family of investment strategies, and quantify
profit possibilities for both persistent and antipersistant markets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2637 </DOCNO>
Entropic Elasticity at the Sol-Gel Transition


  The sol-gel transition is studied in two purely entropic models consisting of
hard spheres in continuous three-dimensional space, with a fraction $p$ of
nearest neighbor spheres tethered by inextensible bonds. When all the tethers
are present ($p=1$) the two systems have connectivities of simple cubic and
face-centered cubic lattices. For all $p$ above the percolation threshold
$p_c$, the elasticity has a cubic symmetry characterized by two distinct shear
moduli. When $p$ approaches $p_c$, both shear moduli decay as $(p-p_c)^f$,
where $f\simeq 2$ for each type of the connectivity. This result is similar to
the behavior of the conductivity in random resistor networks, and is consistent
with many experimental studies of gel elasticity. The difference between the
shear moduli that measures the deviation from isotropy decays as $(p-p_c)^h$,
with $h\simeq 4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98639 </DOCNO>
Relative Zeta Functions, Determinants, Torsion, Index Theorems and


  The set of Clifford bundles of bounded geometry over open manifolds can be
endowed with a metrizable uniform structure. For one fixed bundle $E$ we define
the generalized component $\gencomp (E)$ as the set of Clifford bundles $E'$
which have finite distance to $E$. If $D$, $D'$ are the associated generalized
Dirac operators, we prove for the pair $(D,D')$ relative index theorems, define
relative $\zeta$-- and $\eta$--functions, relative determinants and in the case
of $D=\Delta$ relative analytic torsion. To define relative $\zeta$-- and
$\eta$--functions, we assume additionally that the essential spectrum of $D^2$
has a gap above zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1257 </DOCNO>
Exponential and power-law probability distributions of wealth and income


  We present the data on wealth and income distributions in the United Kingdom,
as well as on the income distributions in the individual states of the USA. In
all of these data, we find that the great majority of population is described
by an exponential distribution, whereas the high-end tail follows a power law.
The distributions are characterized by a dimensional scale analogous to
temperature. The values of temperature are determined for the UK and the USA,
as well as for the individual states of the USA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123627 </DOCNO>
Methods of Determination of the Energy and Mass of Primary Cosmic Ray


  Measurements of cosmic ray particles at energies above E = 5 x 10^{14} eV are
performed by large area ground based air shower experiments. Only they provide
the collection power required for obtaining sufficient statistics at the low
flux levels involved. In this review we briefly outline the physics and
astrophysics interests of such measurements and discuss in more detail various
experimental techniques applied for reconstructing the energy and mass of the
primary particles. These include surface arrays of particle detectors as well
as observations of Cherenkov- and of fluorescence light. A large variety of air
shower observables is then reconstructed from such data and used to infer the
properties of the primary particles via comparisons to air shower simulations.
Advantages, limitations, and systematic uncertainties of different approaches
will be critically discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169002 </DOCNO>
Improved Hamilton-Jacobi Quantization for Nonholonomic Constrained


  The nonholonomic constrained system with second-class constraints is
investigated using the Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) quantization scheme to yield the
complete equations of motion of the system. Although the integrability
conditions in the HJ scheme are equivalent to the involutive relations for the
first-class constrained system in the improved Dirac quantization method (DQM),
one should elaborate the HJ scheme by using the improved DQM in order to obtain
the first-class Hamiltonian and the corresponding effective Lagrangian having
the BRST invariant nonholonomic constrained system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97661 </DOCNO>
Direct construction method for conservation laws of partial differential


  This paper gives a general treatment and proof of the direct conservation law
method presented in Part I. In particular, the treatment here applies to
finding the local conservation laws of any system of one or more partial
differential equations expressed in a standard Cauchy-Kovalevskaya form. A
summary of the general method and its effective computational implementation is
also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96165 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphisms and families of Fourier-Mukai transforms in mirror


  Assuming the standard framework of mirror symmetry, a conjecture is
formulated describing how the diffeomorphism group of a Calabi-Yau manifold Y
should act by families of Fourier-Mukai transforms over the complex moduli
space of the mirror X. The conjecture generalizes a proposal of Kontsevich
relating monodromy transformations and self-equivalences. Supporting evidence
is given in the case of elliptic curves, lattice-polarized K3 surfaces and
Calabi-Yau threefolds. A relation to the global Torelli problem is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95448 </DOCNO>
Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch Formulae on Irreducible Symplectic K\"ahler


  In this article we investigate Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formulae for line
bundles on irreducible symplectic K\"ahler manifolds. As Huybrechts has shown,
for every irreducible complex K\"ahler manifold $X$ of dimension $2n$, there
are numbers $a_0, a_2, ..., a_{2n}$ such that $\chi(L) = \sum_{k = 0}^n
a_{2k}/(2k)! q_X(c_1(L))^k$ for the Euler characteristic of a line bundle $L$,
where $q_X: H^2(X, \mathbbm C) \to \mathbbm C$ is the Beauville-Bogomolov
quadratic form of $X$.
  Using Rozansky-Witten classes similar to Hitchin and Sawon, we obtain a
formula expressing the $a_{2k}$ in terms of Chern numbers of $X$. Furthermore,
for the $n$-th generalized Kummer variety $\KA n$, we prove $\chi(L) = (n + 1)
\binom{q(c_1(L)) / 2 + n} n$ by purely algebro-geometric methods, where $q$ is
the form $q_X$ up to a positive rational constant. A similar formula is already
known for the Hilbert scheme of zero-dimensional subschemes of length $n$ on a
K3-surface.
  Using our results, we are able to calculate all Chern numbers of the
generalized Kummer varieties $\KA n$ for $n \leq 5$. For $n \leq 4$ these
results were previously obtained by Sawon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97689 </DOCNO>
Convergence of Finite Difference Methods for Poisson's Equation with


  In this paper, a weak formulation of the discontinuous variable coefficient
Poisson equation with interfacial jumps is studied. The existence, uniqueness
and regularity of solutions of this problem are obtained. It is shown that the
application of the Ghost Fluid Method by Fedkiw, Kang, and Liu to this problem
can be obtained in a natural way through discretization of the weak
formulation. An abstract framework is given for proving the convergence of
finite difference methods derived from a weak problem, and as a consequence,
the Ghost Fluid Method is proven to be convergent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123970 </DOCNO>
The disc instability model for X-ray transients: evidence for truncation


  We study the prospect of explaining the outbursts of Soft X-ray Transients
(SXTs) by the thermal-viscous instability in a thin disc. This instability is
linked to hydrogen ionization and is significantly changed when irradiation of
the disc by X-rays from the inner regions is included. We present the first
numerically reliable, physically consistent calculations of the outburst cycles
which include the effects of accretion disc irradiation. The decay from
outburst is governed by irradiation, as pointed out by King & Ritter (1998),
leading to slow exponential decays. At the end of the outburst, the disc is
severely depleted, which lengthens the time needed to rebuild mass to the
critical density for an outburst. Despite this, the long recurrence times and
quiescent X-ray luminosities of SXTs still require the inner disc to be
replaced by another type of flow in quiescence, presumably a hot advection
dominated accretion flow (ADAF). We include the effects of such truncation and
show that the resulting lightcurves are conclusively similar to those of SXTs
like A0620-00. We conclude that the two-alpha disc instability model provides
an adequate description of the outbursts of SXTs when both truncation and
irradiation are included. The values for the viscosities in outburst and in
quiescence are comparable to those used in CVs. We discuss the model in the
context of present observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127228 </DOCNO>
Ages of S0 and elliptical galaxies in the Coma cluster


  The ages of stellar populations in 52 elliptical and S0 galaxies in the Coma
cluster are investigated using a new spectroscopic sample. More than 40% of the
S0s are found to have experienced recent star formation in their central
regions during the last ~5 Gyrs, while such activity is absent in the
ellipticals. Galaxies in this sample have absolute magnitudes in the range
-20.5 < M_B < -17.5, and the fraction of S0 galaxies with recent star formation
is higher at fainter luminosities. The observed luminosity range of S0 galaxies
with signs of recent star formation activity is consistent with them being the
descendants of typical star-forming spirals at intermediate redshift whose star
formation has been halted as a consequence of the dense environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1900 </DOCNO>
Andreev reflection through a quantum dot coupled with two ferromagnets


  We study the Andreev reflection (AR) in a three terminal mesoscopic hybrid
system, in which two ferromagnets (F$_1$ and F$_2$) are coupled to a
superconductor (S) through a quantum dot (QD). By using non-equilibrium Green
function, we derive a general current formula which allows arbitrary spin
polarizations, magnetization orientations and bias voltages in F$_1$ and F$_2$.
The formula is applied to study both zero bias conductance and finite bias
current. The current conducted by crossed AR involving F$_1$, F$_2$ and S is
particularly unusual, in which an electron with spin $\sigma $ incident from
one of the ferromagnets picks up another electron with spin $\bar{\sigma}$ from
the other one, both enter S and form a Cooper pair. Several special cases are
investigated to reveal the properties of AR in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127585 </DOCNO>
The initial conditions of isolated star formation. V: ISOPHOT imaging


  ISO data taken with the long-wavelength imaging photo-polarimeter ISOPHOT are
presented of 18 pre-stellar cores at three far-infrared wavelengths - 90, 170
and 200 microns. Most of the cores are detected clearly at 170 and 200 but only
one is detected strongly at 90 microns, indicating that mostly they are very
cold, with typical temperatures of only 10-20K. Colour temperature images are
constructed for each of the cores. Most of the cores are seen to be either
isothermal, or to have associated temperature gradients from the core centres
to their edges, with all except one being cooler at the centre. We compare the
data with previous ISOCAM absorption data and calculate the energy balance for
those cores in common between the two samples. We find that the energy radiated
by each core in the far-IR is similar to that absorbed at shorter wavelengths.
Hence there is no evidence for a central heating source in any of the cores -
even those for which previous evidence for core contraction exists. This is all
consistent with external heating of the cores by the local interstellar
radiation field, confirming their pre-stellar nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83931 </DOCNO>
ENUM: The Collision of Telephony and DNS Policy


  ENUM marks either the convergence or collision of the public telephone
network with the Internet. ENUM is an innovation in the domain name system
(DNS). It starts with numerical domain names that are used to query DNS name
servers. The servers respond with address information found in DNS records.
This can be telephone numbers, email addresses, fax numbers, SIP addresses, or
other information. The concept is to use a single number in order to obtain a
plethora of contact information.
  By convention, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) ENUM Working Group
determined that an ENUM number would be the same numerical string as a
telephone number. In addition, the assignee of an ENUM number would be the
assignee of that telephone number. But ENUM could work with any numerical
string or, in fact, any domain name. The IETF is already working on using E.212
numbers with ENUM. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5165 </DOCNO>
Duality in the Bose-Einstein condensation


  We show an explosion-implosion duality in the one and two dimensional
Bose-Einstein condensation with or without a particular time-dependent harmonic
trap. The result is independent of the strength and the attractive or the
repulsive nature of the self-interaction of the condensate. This implies that
the implosion in a particular atomic species has a dual description in terms of
the explosion in the same or another atomic species and the vice versa. The
result is applicable without any modifications to nonrelativistic theories that
are invariant under the SL(2,R) reparameterization of the time-coordinate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5924 </DOCNO>
Quantum-Hall Quantum-Bits


  Bilayer quantum Hall systems can form collective states in which electrons
exhibit spontaneous interlayer phase coherence. We discuss the possibility of
using bilayer quantum dot many-electron states with this property to create
two-level systems that have potential advantages as quantum bits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169014 </DOCNO>
Impurity Scattering Induced Entanglement of Ballistic Electrons


  We show how entanglement between two conduction electrons is generated in the
presence of a localized magnetic impurity embedded in an otherwise ballistic
conductor of special geometry. This process is a generalization of
beam-splitter mediated entanglement generation schemes with a localized spin
placed at the site of the beam splitter. Our entangling scheme is unconditional
and robust to randomness of the initial state of the impurity. The entangled
state generated manifests itself in noise reduction of spin-dependent currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41694 </DOCNO>
Elastic Vector Meson Production at HERA


  The H1 and ZEUS Collaborations report new results on elastic VM cross-section
and trajectory determination. Elastic VM production appears to be independent
of the photon polarization. The presence of non-zero shrinkage in the
photoproduction of J/psi indicates the presence of soft physics. Accumulated
data do not accommodate a universal Pomeron trajectory. The steepness of the x
dependence of elastic VM production with changing Q^2+M_V^2 is similar to that
of F_2 with changing Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76099 </DOCNO>
Theory of Multiparticle Production in the Soft Region


  We review theoretical and experimental advances in the application of the
perturbative QCD approach to the description of particle distributions in jets
in the (semi) soft region with particular emphasis on HERA physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6454 </DOCNO>
One-Center Charge Transfer Transitions in Manganites


  In frames of a rather conventional cluster approach, which combines the
crystal field and the ligand field models we have considered different charge
transfer (CT) states and O 2p-Mn 3d CT transitions in MnO$_{6}^{9-}$ octahedra.
  The many-electron dipole transition matrix elements were calculated using the
Racah algebra for the cubic point group. Simple "local" approximation allowed
to calculate the relative intensity for all dipole-allowed $\pi -\pi$ and
$\sigma -\sigma$ CT transitions. We present a self-consistent description of
the CT bands in insulating stoichiometric LaMn$^{3+}$O$_3$ compound with the
only Mn$^{3+}$ valent state and idealized octahedral MnO$_{6}^{9-}$ centers
which allows to substantially correct the current interpretation of the optical
spectra. Our analysis shows the multi-band structure of the CT optical response
with the weak low-energy edge at 1.7 eV, associated with forbidden
$t_{1g}(\pi)-e_{g}$ transition and a series of the weak and strong
dipole-allowed high-energy transitions starting from 2.5 and 4.5 eV,
respectively, and extending up to nearly 11 eV. The most intensive features are
associated with two strong composite bands near $4.6\div 4.7$ eV and $8\div 9$
eV, respectively, resulting from the superposition of the dipole-allowed
$\sigma -\sigma$ and $\pi -\pi$ CT transitions. These predictions are in good
agreement with experimental spectra. The experimental data point to a strong
overscreening of the crystal field parameter $Dq$ in the CT states of
MnO$_{6}^{9-}$ centers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2517 </DOCNO>
Short-range Magnetic interactions in the Spin-Ice compound


  Magnetization and susceptibility studies on single crystals of the pyrochlore
Ho$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ are reported for the first time. Magnetization
isotherms are shown to be qualitatively similar to that predicted by the
nearest neighbor spin-ice model. Below the lock-in temperature, $T^{\ast
}\simeq 1.97$ K, magnetization is consistent with the locking of spins along
[111] directions in a specific two-spins-in, two-spins-out arrangement. Below
$T^{\ast}$ the magnetization for $B||[111]$ displays a two step behavior
signalling the breaking of the ice rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7610 </DOCNO>
Effect of annealing on electron dephasing in three-dimensional


  We have studied the effect of thermal annealing on electron dephasing times
$\tau_\phi$ in three-dimensional polycrystalline metals. Measurements are
performed on as-sputtered and annealed AuPd and Sb thick films, using
weak-localization method. In all samples, we find that $\tau_\phi$ possesses an
extremely weak temperature dependence as $T \to 0$. Our results show that the
effect of annealing is non-universal, and it depends strongly on the amount of
disorder quenched in the microstructures during deposition. The observed
"saturation" behavior of $\tau_\phi$ cannot be easily explained by magnetic
scattering. We suggest that the issue of saturation can be better addressed in
three-dimensional, rather than lower-dimensional, structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124445 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic-Ray antiproton flux between 3 and 49 GeV


  We report on a new measurement of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum. The
data were collected by the balloon-borne experiment CAPRICE98 which was flown
on 28-29 May 1998 from Fort Sumner, New Mexico, USA. The experiment used the
NMSU-WIZARD/CAPRICE98 balloon-borne magnet spectrometer equipped with a gas
Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector, a time-of-flight system, a tracking
device consisting of drift chambers and a superconducting magnet and a
silicon-tungsten calorimeter. The RICH detector was the first ever flown
capable of mass-resolving charge-one particles at energies above 5 GeV.
  A total of 31 antiprotons with rigidities between 4 and 50 GV at the
spectrometer were identified with small backgrounds from other particles. The
absolute antiproton energy spectrum was determined in the kinetic energy region
at the top of the atmosphere between 3.2 and 49.1 GeV. We found that the
observed antiproton spectrum and the antiproton-to-proton ratio are consistent
with a pure secondary origin. However, a primary component may not be excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113678 </DOCNO>
Status Report and Future Plans for the PEP-II B Factory


  The PEP-II B Factory at SLAC has been in operation with the BABAR detector
since the summer of 1999. The peak currents and luminosity steadily increased
through the end of the 2000 run on October 31. By that time, 0.75 A of
electrons (the design current) routinely collided with 1.4 A of positrons in
657 bunches, to give a peak luminosity of 2.6E33 cm^{-2} s^{-1}. We delivered
an integrated luminosity of up to 184/pb per day and 1033 per week; BABAR
logged a total of 25/fb. Three days of machine development at the end of the
run raised the peak luminosity to 3.29E33, exceeding the design goal of 3.0.
BABAR then logged data for an hour, starting with a peak of 3.20. Next, we
achieved the design value for positron current, 2.14 A, operating without
collisions. The major limitation has been growth in the size of the positron
beam in the low-energy ring (LER) due to electron clouds and multipacting.
Since the arcs benefit from antechambers and a TiN coating with low secondary
emission, our efforts have concentrated on the straights, where we added
solenoid windings. Each straight wound allowed higher LER current without
blow-up, and a consequent increase in luminosity. Measurements of the
bunch-by-bunch luminosity showed that the effect becomes significant by about
the tenth bunch in a train, but clears after a short gap. Careful control of
the fill pattern has thus been essential in raising luminosity. For the 2001
run, which began in February, we added a third LER RF station, to collide with
more LER current and more bunches, and also tried reducing beta_x* from 50 to
35 cm, with the goal of reaching a luminosity of 5E33 by year's end. In 2003,
we plan to add a fourth LER and sixth HER RF station to reach 1E34.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114073 </DOCNO>
Eigenfrequencies of two mutually interacting gas bubbles in an acoustic


  Eigenfrequencies of two mutually interacting gas bubbles in an acoustic field
are discussed theoretically and numerically. It is shown by a linear theory
that a bubble interacting with a neighboring bubble has three eigenfrequencies
that change with the distance between two bubbles, and the sign and magnitude
of the primary Bjerknes force acting on bubbles also change according to the
change in the eigenfrequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 224 </DOCNO>
Current fluctuations for the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process


  The time-integrated current of the TASEP has non-Gaussian fluctuations of
order $t^{1/3}$. The recently discovered connection to random matrices and the
Painlev\'e II Riemann-Hilbert problem provides a technique through which we
obtain the probability distribution of the current fluctuations, in particular
their dependence on initial conditions, and the stationary two-point function.
Some open problems are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129403 </DOCNO>
The dynamics of S0 galaxies and their Tully-Fisher relation


  This paper investigates the detailed dynamical properties of a relatively
homogeneous sample of disc-dominated S0 galaxies, with a view to understanding
their formation, evolution and structure. By using high signal-to-noise ratio
long-slit spectra of edge-on systems, we have been able to reconstruct the
complete line-of-sight velocity distributions of stars along the galaxies'
major axes. From these data, we have derived both model distribution functions
(the phase density of their stars) and the approximate form of their
gravitational potentials. The derived distribution functions are all consistent
with these galaxies being simple disc systems, with no evidence for a complex
formation history. Essentially no correlation is found between the
characteristic mass scale-lengths and the photometric scale-lengths in these
galaxies, suggesting that they are dark-matter dominated even in their inner
parts. Similarly, no correlation is found between the mass scale-lengths and
asymptotic rotation speed, implying a wide range of dark matter halo
properties. By comparing their asymptotic rotation speeds with their absolute
magnitudes, we find that these S0 galaxies are systematically offset from the
Tully-Fisher relation for later-type galaxies. The offset in luminosity is what
one would expect if star formation had been suddenly switched off a few Gyrs
ago, consistent with a simple picture in which these S0s were created from
ordinary later-type spirals which were stripped of their star-forming ISM when
they encountered a dense cluster environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73652 </DOCNO>
Strangeness and QGP freeze-out dynamics


  We compare chemical and thermal analysis of the SPS Pb--Pb results at $158A$
GeV, and present a first chemical analysis of RHIC results. We show how a
combined analysis of several strange hadron resonances can be used in a study
of freeze-out dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6607 </DOCNO>
Conformation of a Polyelectrolyte Complexed to a Like-Charged Colloid


  We report results from a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on the
conformations of a long flexible polyelectrolyte complexed to a charged sphere,
\textit{both negatively charged}, in the presence of neutralizing counterions
in the strong Coulomb coupling regime. The structure of this complex is very
sensitive to the charge density of the polyelectrolyte. For a fully charged
polyelectrolyte the polymer forms a dense two-dimensional "disk", whereas for a
partially charged polyelectrolyte the monomers are spread over the colloidal
surface. A mechanism involving the \textit{overcharging} of the polyelectrolyte
by counterions is proposed to explain the observed conformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5089 </DOCNO>
Ising tricriticality and the dilute A$_3$ model


  Some universal amplitude ratios appropriate to the $\phi_{2,1}$ peturbation
of the c=7/10 minimal field theory, the subleading magnetic perturbation of the
tricritical Ising model, are explicitly demonstrated in the dilute A$_3$ model,
in regime 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7091 </DOCNO>
Scaling of Cluster and Backbone Mass Between Two Lines in 3d Percolation


  We consider the cluster and backbone mass distributions between two lines of
arbitrary orientations and lengths in porous media in three dimensions, and
model the porous media by bond percolation at the percolation threshold $p_c$.
We observe that for many geometrical configurations the mass probability
distribution presents power law behavior. We determine how the characteristic
mass of the distribution scales with such geometrical parameters as the line
length, w, the minimal distance between lines, r, and the angle between the
lines, $\theta$. The fractal dimensions of both the cluster and backbone mass
are independent of w, r, and $\theta$. The slope of the power law regime of the
cluster mass is unaffected by changes in these three variables. However, the
slope of the power law regime of the backbone mass distribution is dependent
upon $\theta$. The characteristic mass of the cluster also depends upon
$\theta$, but the characteristic backbone mass is only weakly affected by
$\theta$. We propose new scaling functions that reproduce the $\theta$
dependence of the characteristic mass found in the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5255 </DOCNO>
Time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group: A systematic method


  The density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) algorithm is extended to
treat time-dependent problems. The method provides a systematic and robust tool
to explore out-of-equilibrium phenomena in quantum many-body systems. We
illustrate the method by showing that attractive interactions enhance the
tunneling current between two Luttinger liquids, whereas repulsive interactions
suppress it, in qualitative agreement with analytical predictions. Enhancement
of the transport current through a quantum dot in the Kondo regime is also
exhibited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87205 </DOCNO>
Coulomb and quantum oscillator problems in conical spaces with arbitrary


  The Schr\"odinger equations for the Coulomb and the Harmonic oscillator
potentials are solved in the cosmic-string conical space-time. The spherical
harmonics with angular deficit are introduced.
 The algebraic construction of the harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions is
performed through the introduction of non-local ladder operators. By exploiting
the hidden symmetry of the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator the eigenvalues
for the angular momentum operators in three dimensions are reproduced.
 A generalization for N-dimensions is performed for both Coulomb and harmonic
oscillator problems in angular deficit space-times.
 It is thus established the connection among the states and energies of both
problems in these topologically non-trivial space-times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96269 </DOCNO>
Free field construction for the eight-vertex model: representation for


  The free field realization of the eight-vertex model is extended to form
factors. It is achieved by constructing off-diagonal with respect to the ground
state sectors matrix elements of the $\Lambda$ operator which establishes a
relation between corner transfer matrices of the eight-vertex model and of the
SOS model. As an example, the two-particle form factor of the $\sigma^z$
operator is evaluated explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86976 </DOCNO>
Horizon Properties of Einstein-Yang-Mills Black Hole


  We consider static axially symmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills black holes in the
isolated horizon formalism. The mass of these hairy black holes is related to
the mass of the corresponding particle-like solutions by the horizon mass. The
hairy black holes violate the ``quasi-local uniqueness conjecture'', based on
the horizon charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86825 </DOCNO>
Oscillation and Instabilities of Relativistic Stars


  In this short review we discuss the relevance of ongoing research into
stellar oscillations and associated instabilities for the detection of
gravitational waves and the future field of ``gravitational-wave astronomy''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127759 </DOCNO>
Large Torque Variations in Two Soft Gamma Repeaters


  We have monitored the pulse frequencies of the two soft gamma repeaters SGR
1806-20 and SGR 1900+14 through the beginning of year 2001 using primarily
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Proportional Counter Array observations. In both
sources, we observe large changes in the spin-down torque up to a factor of ~4,
which persist for several months. Using long baseline phase-connected timing
solutions as well as the overall frequency histories, we construct torque noise
power spectra for each SGR. The power spectrum of each source is very red
(power-law slope ~-3.5). These power spectra are consistent in normalization
with some accreting systems, yet much steeper in slope than any known accreting
source. To the best of our knowledge, torque noise power spectra with a
comparably steep frequency dependence have only been seen in young, glitching
radio pulsars (e.g. Vela). The observed changes in spin-down rate do not
correlate with burst activity, therefore, the physical mechanisms behind each
phenomenon are also likely unrelated. Within the context of the magnetar model,
seismic activity cannot account for both the bursts and the long-term torque
changes unless the seismically active regions are decoupled from one another.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73125 </DOCNO>
Shortcuts in the fifth dimension


  If our Universe is a three-brane embedded in a five-dimensional anti-deSitter
spacetime, in which matter is confined to the brane and gravity inhabits an
infinite bulk space, then the causal propagation of luminous and gravitational
signals is in general different. A gravitational signal traveling between two
points on the brane can take a ``shortcut'' through the bulk, and appear
quicker than a photon traveling between the same two points along a geodesic on
the brane. Similarly, in a given time interval, a gravitational signal can
propagate farther than a luminous signal. We quantify this effect, and analyze
the impact of these shortcuts through the fifth dimension on cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124956 </DOCNO>
Exploiting VSIPL and OpenMP for Parallel Image Processing


  VSIPL and OpenMP are two open standards for portable high performance
computing. VSIPL delivers optimized single processor performance while OpenMP
provides a low overhead mechanism for executing thread based parallelism on
shared memory systems. Image processing is one of the main areas where VSIPL
and OpenMP can make a large impact. Currently, a large fraction of image
processing applications are written in the Interpreted Data Language (IDL)
environment. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the performance
benefits of these new standards can be brought to image processing community in
a high level manner that is transparent to users. To this end, this talk
presents a fast, FFT based algorithm for performing image convolutions. This
algorithm has been implemented within the IDL environment using VSIPL (for
optimized single processor performance) with added OpenMP directives (for
parallelism). This work demonstrates that good parallel speedups are attainable
using standards and can be integrated seamlessly into existing user
environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2590 </DOCNO>
Heat and Charge Transport Properties of MgB2


  A polycrystalline sample of the MgB_2 superconductor was investigated by
measurements of the electrical resistivity, the thermopower and the thermal
conductivity in the temperature range between 1.8K and 300K in zero magnetic
field. The electrical resistivity shows a superconducting transition at
T_c=38.7K and, similarly to borocarbides, a T^2.4 behaviour up to 200K. The
electron diffusion thermopower and its bandstructure-derived value indicate the
dominant hole character of the charge carriers. The total thermopower can be
explained by the diffusion term renormalized by a significant electron-phonon
interaction and a phonon drag term. In the thermal conductivity, for decreasing
temperature, a significant decrease below T_c is observed resulting in a T^3
behaviour below 7K. The reduced Lorenz number exhibits values smaller than 1
and a characteristic minimum which resembles the behaviour of non-magnetic
borocarbides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123432 </DOCNO>
Recovering Physical Parameters from Galaxy Spectra Using MOPED


  We derive physical parameters of galaxies from their observed spectrum, using
MOPED, the optimized data compression algorithm of Heavens, Jimenez & Lahav
2000. Here we concentrate on parametrising galaxy properties, and apply the
method to the NGC galaxies in Kennicutt's spectral atlas. We focus on deriving
the star formation history, metallicity and dust content of galaxies. The
method is very fast, taking a few seconds of CPU time to estimate 17
parameters, and so specially suited to study of large data sets, such as the
Anglo-Australian 2 degree field galaxy survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
Without the power of MOPED, the recovery of star formation histories in these
surveys would be impractical. In the Kennicutt atlas, we find that for the
spheroidals a small recent burst of star formation is required to provide the
best fit to the spectrum. There is clearly a need for theoretical stellar
atmospheric models with spectral resolution better than 1\AA if we are to
extract all the rich information that large redshift surveys contain in their
galaxy spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148756 </DOCNO>
Hidden Symmetry of a Fluid Dynamical Model


  A connection between solutions of the relativistic d-brane system in (d+1)
dimensions with the solutions of a Galileo invariant fluid in d-dimensions is
by now well established. However, the physical nature of the light-cone gauge
description of a relativistic membrane changes after the reduction to the fluid
dynamical model since the gauge symmetry is lost. In this work we argue that
the original gauge symmetry present in a relativistic d-brane system can be
recovered after the reduction process to a d-dimensional fluid model. To this
end we propose, without introducing Wess-Zumino fields, a gauge invariant
theory of isentropic fluid dynamics and show that this symmetry corresponds to
the invariance under local translation of the velocity potential in the fluid
dynamics picture. We show that different but equivalent choices of the
sympletic sector lead to distinct representations of the embedded gauge
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95808 </DOCNO>
Lie Superalgebra Stability and Branes


  The algebra of the generators of translations in superspace is unstable, in
the sense that infinitesimal perturbations of its structure constants lead to
non-isomorphic algebras. We show how superspace extensions remedy this
situation (after arguing that remedy is indeed needed) and review the benefits
reaped in the description of branes of all kinds in the presence of the extra
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124955 </DOCNO>
The Observed Trend of Boron and Oxygen in Field Stars of the Disk


  Oxygen abundances are derived in a sample of 13 field F and G dwarfs and
subgiants with metallicities in the range of -0.75 < [Fe/H] < +0.15. This is
the same sample of stars for which boron abundances have been derived earlier
from archived spectra obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. In a log-log
comparison of the B versus the O abundances, a slope of m(BO)=1.39 is found,
indicating that in the disk, the abundance of B relative to O is intermediate
between primary and secondary production (hybrid behavior). This relation of B
versus O for disk stars is compared to the same relation for halo stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76864 </DOCNO>
Flavordynamics with Conformal Matter and Gauge Theories on Compact


  We outline a toy model in which a unique mechanism may trigger a dynamical
chain resulting in key low-energy regularities. The starting points are a
negative cosmological term in the bulk and conformally invariant nongravity
sector. These elements ensure compactification of the extra dimensional space
on a compact hyperbolic manifold (with the negative and constant scalar
curvature). The overall geometry is then M_4 x B_n. The negative curvature on
B_n triggers the formation of the four-dimensional defect which provides in
turn a dynamical localization of ordinary particles. It also leads,
simultaneously, to a spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetry through a Higgs
mechanism. Masses of the fermions, gauge bosons and scalars all derive from the
curvature of the internal manifold such that the Higgs boson is generally
heavier than the gauge bosons. The factorizable geometry M_4 x B_n and flatness
of M_4 require fine-tuning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4553 </DOCNO>
Raman Scattering in charge ordered Pr_{0.63}Ca_{0.37}MnO_{3} : Anomalous


  We report the evolution of the Raman active A_g phonon modes in the
charge-ordered manganite Pr_{0.63}Ca_{0.37}MnO_{3} as a function of temperature
from 300K to 25K. Our studies reveal that the linewidths of A_g(2) and A_g(4)
phonons increase as temperature decreases. This anomalous temperature
dependence of phonon lineshapes, seen for the first time in charge ordered
manganites, can be quantitatively understood in terms of strong spin-phonon
coupling involving t_{2g} spins and A_g phonons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86017 </DOCNO>
Generalized Hamiltonian Dynamics of Friedmann Cosmology with Scalar and


  The classical and quantum dynamics of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe
with massless scalar and massive fermion matter field as a source is discussed
in the framework of the Dirac generalized Hamiltonian formalism. The
Hamiltonian reduction of this constrained system is realized for two cases of
minimal and conformal coupling between gravity and matter. It is shown that in
both cases for all values of curvature, of maximally symmetric space there
exists a time independent reduced local Hamiltonian which describes the
dynamics of the cosmic scale factor. The relevance of conformal time-like
Killing vector fields in FRW space-time to the existence of time independent
Hamiltonian and the corresponding notion of conserved energy is discussed. The
extended quantization with the Wheeler-deWitt equation is compared with the
canonical quantization of unconstrained system. It is shown that quantum
observables treated as expectation values of the Dirac observables properly
describe the original classical theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95850 </DOCNO>
Riemann hypothesis and super-conformal invariance


  A strategy for proving (not a proof of, as was the first over-optimistic
belief) the Riemann hypothesis is suggested. The vanishing of Riemann Zeta
reduces to an orthogonality condition for the eigenfunctions of a non-Hermitian
operator D^+ having the zeros of Riemann Zeta as its eigenvalues. The
construction of D^+ is inspired by the conviction that Riemann Zeta is
associated with a physical system allowing superconformal transformations as
its symmetries and second quantization in terms of the representations of
superconformal algebra. The eigenfunctions of D^+ are analogous to the so
called coherent states and in general not orthogonal to each other. The states
orthogonal to a vacuum state (having a negative norm squared) correspond to the
zeros of Riemann Zeta. The physical states having a positive norm squared
correspond to the zeros of Riemann Zeta at the critical line. Riemann
hypothesis follows by reductio ad absurdum from the hypothesis that ordinary
superconformal algebra acts as gauge symmetries for all coherent states
orthogonal to the vacuum state, including also the non-physical coherent states
that might exist off from the critical line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124830 </DOCNO>
The Phase-Space Density Profiles of Cold Dark Matter Halos


  We examine the coarse-grained phase-space density profiles of a set of
recent, high-resolution simulations of galaxy-sized Cold Dark Matter (CDM)
halos. Over two and a half decades in radius the phase-space density closely
follows a power-law, $\rho/\sigma^3 \propto r^{-\alpha}$, with $\alpha =
1.875$. This behaviour matches the self-similar solution obtained by
Bertschinger for secondary infall in a uniformly expanding universe. On the
other hand, the density profile corresponding to Bertschinger's solution (a
power-law of slope $r^{2\alpha-6}$) differs significantly from the density
profiles of CDM halos. We show that isotropic mass distributions with power-law
phase-space density profiles form a one-parameter family of structures
controlled by $\kappa$, the ratio of the velocity dispersion to the peak
circular velocity. For $\kappa=\alpha=1.875$ one recovers the power-law
solution $\rho \propto r^{2\alpha-6}$. For $\kappa$ larger than some critical
value, $\kappa_{cr}$, solutions become non-physical, leading to negative
densities near the center. The critical solution, $\kappa =\kappa_{cr}$, has
the narrowest phase-space density distribution compatible with the power-law
phase-space density stratification constraint. Over three decades in radius the
critical solution is indistinguishable from an NFW profile. Our results thus
suggest that the NFW profile is the result of a hierarchical assembly process
that preserves the phase-space stratification of Bertschinger's infall model
but which ``mixes'' the system maximally, perhaps as a result of repeated
merging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86919 </DOCNO>
Relating Covariant and Canonical Approaches to Triangulated Models of


  In this paper explore the relation between covariant and canonical approaches
to quantum gravity and $BF$ theory. We will focus on the dynamical
triangulation and spin-foam models, which have in common that they can be
defined in terms of sums over space-time triangulations. Our aim is to show how
we can recover these covariant models from a canonical framework by providing
two regularisations of the projector onto the kernel of the Hamiltonian
constraint. This link is important for the understanding of the dynamics of
quantum gravity. In particular, we will see how in the simplest dynamical
triangulations model we can recover the Hamiltonian constraint via our
definition of the projector. Our discussion of spin-foam models will show how
the elementary spin-network moves in loop quantum gravity, which were
originally assumed to describe the Hamiltonian constraint action, are in fact
related to the time-evolution generated by the constraint. We also show that
the Immirzi parameter is important for the understanding of a continuum limit
of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41604 </DOCNO>
Simulation of crystal extraction experiments


  We discuss the simulation methods and results for the crystal extraction
experiments performed recently at the high energy accelerators. Possible future
applications of the crystal channeling technique are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98071 </DOCNO>
Analytic continuation of the Hurwitz Zeta Function with physical


  A new formula relating the analytic continuation of the Hurwitz zeta function
to the Euler gamma function and a polylogarithmic function is presented. In
particular, the values of the first derivative of the real part of the analytic
continuation of the Hurwitz zeta function for even negative integers and the
imaginary one for odd negative integers are explicitly given. The result can be
of interest both on mathematical and physical side, because we are able to
apply our new formulas in the context of the Spectral Zeta Function
regularization, computing the exact pair production rate per space-time unit of
massive Dirac particles interacting with a purely electric background field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169127 </DOCNO>
Generalized Quantum Search Hamiltonian


  There are hamiltonians that solve a search problem of finding one of $N$
items in $O(\sqrt{N})$ steps. They are hamiltonians to describe an oscillation
between two states. In this paper we propose a generalized search hamiltonian,
$H_{g}$. Then the known search hamiltonians become special cases of $H_{g}$.
  From the generalized search hamiltonian, we present remarkable results that
searching with 100% is subject only to the phase factor in $H_{g}$ and
independent to the number of states or initialization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6488 </DOCNO>
Path finding strategies in scale-free networks


  We numerically investigate the scale-free network model of Barab{\'a}si and
Albert [A. L. Barab{\'a}si and R. Albert, Science {\bf 286}, 509 (1999)]
through the use of various path finding strategies. In real networks, global
network information is not accessible to each vertex, and the actual path
connecting two vertices can sometimes be much longer than the shortest one. A
generalized diameter depending on the actual path finding strategy is
introduced, and a simple strategy, which utilizes only local information on the
connectivity, is suggested and shown to yield small-world behavior: the
diameter $D$ of the network increases logarithmically with the network size
$N$, the same as is found with global strategy. If paths are sought at random,
$D \sim N^{0.5}$ is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73668 </DOCNO>
Exact Gravitational Shockwaves and Planckian Scattering on Branes


  We obtain a solution describing a gravitational shockwave propagating along a
Randall-Sundrum brane. The interest of such a solution is twofold: on the one
hand, it is the first exact solution for a localized source on a
Randall-Sundrum three-brane. On the other hand, one can use it to study forward
scattering at Planckian energies, including the effects of the continuum of
Kaluza-Klein modes. We map out the different regimes for the scattering
obtained by varying the center-of-mass energy and the impact parameter. We also
discuss exact shockwaves in ADD scenarios with compact extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6584 </DOCNO>
Homology of Fortuin-Kasteleyn clusters of Potts models on the torus


  Topological properties of Fortuin-Kasteleyn clusters are studied on the
torus. Namely, the probability that their topology yields a given subgroup of
the first homology group of the torus is computed for Q=1, 2, 3 and 4. The
expressions generalize those obtained by Pinson for percolation (Q=1).
Numerical results are also presented for three tori of different moduli. They
agree with the theoretical predictions for Q=1, 2 and 3. For Q=4 agreement is
not ruled out but what seems logarithmic corrections makes it harder to decide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72373 </DOCNO>
Axino as a sterile neutrino and R parity violation


  We point out that axino can be a natural candidate for sterile neutrino which
would accommodate the LSND data with atmospheric and solar neutrino
oscillations. It is shown that the so called 3+1 scheme can be easily realized
when supersymmetry breaking is mediated by gauge interactions and also R-parity
is properly broken. Among the currently possible solutions to the solar
neutrino problem, only the large angle MSW oscillation is allowed in this
scheme. The weak scale value of the Higgs $\mu$ parameter and the required size
of R-parity violation can be understood by means of spontaneously broken
Peccei-Quinn symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125139 </DOCNO>
Shocked ammonia in the WR nebula NGC 2359


  We report the detection of the (1,1) and (2,2) metastable lines of ammonia
(NH_3) in the molecular cloud associated with the Wolf--Rayet (WR) nebula NGC
2359. Besides the CO and H_2, this is the first molecule detected in the
environs of a WR star. Width (3 km/s) and radial velocity (54 km/s) indicate
that the NH$_3$ lines arises from the molecular cloud which is interacting with
the WR star. The rotational temperature derived from the (1,1) and (2,2) line
intensity ratios is about 30 K, significantly larger than the typical kinetic
temperature of the ambient gas of 10 K. The derived NH_3 abundance is 10^{-8}.
Linewidth, abundance and kinetic temperature can be explained if NH_3 is
released from dust grain mantles to the gas phase by shocks produced by the
expansion of the bubble created by the WR stellar wind. We briefly discuss the
implications of the detection of warm NH_3 associated with a WR star in
connection to the hot NH_3 emission detected in the Galactic Center and in the
nuclei of external galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73292 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological quark model for baryon magnetic moments and beta decay


  Baryon magnetic moments and beta decay ratios ($G_A/G_V$) are calculated in a
phenomenological quark model. Non-static effects of pion exchange and orbital
excitation are included. Good agreement with experiment is found for a combined
fit to all measured baryon magnetic moments and beta decay ratios. The model
predicts an antiquark content for the proton that is consistent with the
Gottfried sum rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6876 </DOCNO>
Generalized-ensemble simulations of spin systems and protein systems


  In complex systems such as spin systems and protein systems, conventional
simulations in the canonical ensemble will get trapped in states of energy
local minima. We employ the generalized-ensemble algorithms in order to
overcome this multiple-minima problem. Three well-known generalized-ensemble
algorithms, namely, multicanonical algorithm, simulated tempering, and
replica-exchange method, are described. We then present three new
generalized-ensemble algorithms based on the combinations of the three methods.
Effectiveness of the new methods are tested with a Potts model and protein
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76536 </DOCNO>
QCD Processes at the LHC


  The study of QCD processes at the LHC will serve two main goals. First the
predictions of QCD will be tested and precision measurements will be performed.
Second QCD processes represent a major part of the background to other Standard
Model processes and signals of new physics at the LHC and thus need to be
understood precisely in the new kinematic region available here. Furthermore,
the production cross-sections for almost all processes are controlled by QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4948 </DOCNO>
Superfluid phases of quark matter, II: Phenomenology and sum rules


  We derive sum rules for a uniform, isotropic superfluid quark-gluon plasma
with massless quarks, first laying out the phenomenological equations obeyed by
a color superconductor in terms of macroscopic observables such as the
superfluid mass and baryon densities, and the electric and magnetic gluon
masses, and then expressing these quantities in terms of equilibrium
correlation functions. From the transverse part of the long wavelength baryon
current-momentum correlation function we derive an exact expression for the
superfluid baryon density, and from the longitudinal part, an f-sum rule. From
the transverse part of the long wavelength color current-current correlation
function we derive the superfluid Meissner mass, and from the longitudinal
part, the Debye mass. These masses constrain integrals of the transverse and
longitudinal parts of the gluon propagator over frequencies, and provide
self-consistent conditions for a solution to the gap equation beyond weak
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3812 </DOCNO>
Renormalized mean-field theory of the neutron scattering in cuprate


  The magnetic excitation spectrum of the t-t'-J-model is studied in mean-field
theory and compared to inelastic neutron-scattering (INS) experiments on YBCO
and BSCCO superconductors. Within the slave-particle formulation the dynamical
spin response is calculated from a renormalized Fermi liquid with an effective
interaction ~J in the magnetic particle--hole channel. We obtain the so-called
41meV resonance at wave vector (pi,pi) as a collective spin-1 excitation in the
d-wave superconducting state. It appears sharp (undamped), if the underlying
Fermi surface is hole-like with a sufficient next-nearest-neighbor hopping
t'<0. The double-layer structure of YBCO or BSCCO is not important for the
resonance to form. The resonance energy \omega_{res} and spectral weight at
optimal doping come out comparable to experiment. The observed qualitative
behavior of \omega_{res} with hole filling is reproduced in the underdoped as
well as overdoped regime. A second, much broader peak becomes visible in the
magnetic excitation spectrum if the 2D wave-vector is integrated over. It is
caused by excitations across the maximum gap, and in contrast to the resonance
its energy is almost independent of doping. At energies above or below
\omega_{res} the commensurate resonance splits into incommensurate peaks,
located off (pi,pi). Below \omega_{res} the intensity pattern is of `parallel'
type and the dispersion relation of incommensurate peaks has a negative
curvature. This is in accordance with recent INS experiments on YBCO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81058 </DOCNO>
Understanding Color Confinement


  An updated review is presented of our understanding of color confinement.
Lattice results on condensation of magnetic charges are discussed. The role of
vortices is analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97799 </DOCNO>
Vector bundles and Lax equations on algebraic curves


  The Hamiltonian theory of zero-curvature equations with spectral parameter on
an arbitrary compact Riemann surface is constructed. It is shown that the
equations can be seen as commuting flows of an infinite-dimensional field
generalization of the Hitchin system. The field analog of the elliptic
Calogero-Moser system is proposed. An explicit parameterization of Hitchin
system based on the Tyurin parameters for stable holomorphic vector bundles on
algebraic curves is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148726 </DOCNO>
p-p' System with B Field and Projection Operator Noncommutative Solitons


  We study the system of the Dp'-brane with Dp-brane (p<p') inside, in the case
where B_{ij} field is a nonvanishing constant. In order to understand how the
Dp-brane is viewed from the Dp'-brane worldvolume theory, we investigate the
process in which the Dp-brane is probed with p'-p' open string. We calculate
the scattering amplitudes among p-p' open strings and p'-p' open strings and
show that not only the Weyl transform of the projection operator onto the
ground state but also those onto higher excited states emerge as multiplicative
factors of the amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114272 </DOCNO>
Space-Time Encoding


  It is widely believed that one signal can carry maximum one bit of
information, and minimum KTlog2 energy is required to transmit or to erase a
bit. Here it is shown four bits of information can be transmitted by one signal
in four dimensional space-time. It implies space-time cannot be ignored to
determine the minimal energy cost of information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124735 </DOCNO>
Multiscale Gaussian Random Fields for Cosmological Simulations


  This paper describes the generation of initial conditions for numerical
simulations in cosmology with multiple levels of resolution, or multiscale
simulations. We present the theory of adaptive mesh refinement of Gaussian
random fields followed by the implementation and testing of a computer code
package performing this refinement called GRAFIC2. This package is available to
the computational cosmology community at http://arcturus.mit.edu/grafic/ or by
email from the author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127924 </DOCNO>
Optical-NIR Color Gradients in Early Type Galaxies at z \leq 1.0


  Recent studies based on line indices of nearby early-type galaxies suggest
that stars in the galaxies' inner part may be younger and more metal rich than
stars in the outer part. If confirmed, the finding has a profound implication
for the formation and evolution of early-type galaxies, since such age
gradients naturally arise if merging played an important role in their
formation/evolution. As an indpendent test for the existence of the age
gradient, we investigate the optical-NIR color gradients of six field
early-type galaxies at z \simeq 0.4 -- 1.0 where the age gradient is expected
to be detectable when combined with z=0 calibrations. By utilizing HST NICMOS
H-band imaging along with WFPC2 optical data, we obtain a broad wavelength
baseline, giving results that are sensitive to the expected age gradient. When
compared with simple model predictions, five of the objects show negligible age
gradients and are metallicity gradient dominated, while the remaining object
shows a color gradient consistent with the age+metallicity gradient picture.
Our results suggest that stars within early-type galaxies may be coeval at z
\sim 1, but sprinkling of young stars might have occured at z < 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169061 </DOCNO>
On the Power of Quantum Oracles


  A standard quantum oracle $S_f$ for a function $f: Z_N \to Z_N $ is defined
to act on two input states and return two outputs, with inputs $\ket{i}$ and
$\ket{j}$ ($i,j \in Z_N $) returning outputs $\ket{i}$ and $\ket{j \oplus
f(i)}$. For general $f$, this is the simplest invertible quantum map that
allows the evaluation of any $f(i)$ with one call. However, if $f$ is known to
be a one-one, a simpler oracle, $M_f$, which returns $\ket{f(i)}$ given
$\ket{i}$, shares these properties. We consider the relative strengths of these
oracles. We define a simple promise problem which minimal quantum oracles can
solve exponentially faster than classical oracles, via an algorithm which does
not extend to standard quantum oracles. We then prove our main result: two
invocations of $M_f$ suffice to construct $S_f$, while $\Theta(\sqrt{N})$
invocations of $S_f$ are required to construct $M_f$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4841 </DOCNO>
On Ground State Tunneling in Mn$_{12}$-Acetate


  We report Hall sensor measurements of the magnetic relaxation of
Mn$_{12}$-acetate as a function of magnetic field applied along the easy axis
of magnetization for a series of closely-spaced temperatures between 0.24 K and
1.9 K. We map out a region in the $H-T$ plane where ground state tunneling is
observed, a region where tunneling proceeds via thermally-assisted tunneling,
and a crossover region where both participate in the relaxation. We observe the
occasional absence of ground-state tunneling under conditions where one would
expect it to be present, and suggest a resolution to the enigma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123571 </DOCNO>
The Density Perturbation Power Spectrum to Second-Order Corrections in


  We set up a formalism that can be used to calculate the power spectrum of the
curvature perturbations produced during inflation up to arbitrary order in the
slow-roll expansion, and explicitly calculate the power spectrum and spectral
index up to second-order corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74336 </DOCNO>
Lorentz Invariance and Origin of Symmetries


  In this letter we reconsider the role of Lorentz invariance in the dynamical
generation of the observed internal symmetries. We argue that, generally,
Lorentz invariance can only be imposed in the sense that all Lorentz
non-invariant effects caused by the spontaneous breakdown of Lorentz symmetry
are physically unobservable. Remarkably, the application of this principle to
the most general relativistically invariant Lagrangian, with arbitrary
couplings for all the fields involved, leads by itself to the appearance of a
symmetry and, what is more, to the massless vector fields gauging this symmetry
in both Abelian and non-Abelian cases. In contrast, purely global symmetries
are only generated as accidental consequences of the gauge symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41764 </DOCNO>
Aging Studies of Large Area Proportional Chambers under High-Rate


  Experimental conditions at the HERA-B experiment impose very strong
requirements for gaseous detectors. The charged particle fluxes through the
HERA-B tracking system, varying with the radial distance $R$ from the beam
line, are about $2 \times 10^{7}/R^{2}$ particles per second, and comparable to
those that will be encountered by LHC experiments. The severe radiation
environment of the HERA-B experiment leads to a maximum charge deposit on a
wire, within the muon detector, of 200 mC/cm per year. We report recent results
of aging studies performed by irradiating proportional wire chambers filled
with $Ar/CF_4/CH_4$ (74:20:6), $Ar/CF_4/CH_4$ (67:30:3), $Ar/CF_4/CO_2$
(65:30:5), $Ar/CF_4$ (70:30), $CF_4/CH_4$ (90:10), $CF_4/CH_4$ (80:20) mixtures
in a three different experimental setups. The size of the irradiation zone
varied in the tests from 1 cm up to 500 cm. Our experience shows that the aging
rate depends not only on the total collected charge, but, in addition, on the
mode of operation and area of irradiation. The possible application of these
results to the construction of a large area gaseous detectors for operation in
high rate environments is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128673 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic and Variability Surveys for AGN in the Groth Survey Strip


  Preliminary results are presented for a spectroscopic survey of the Groth
Survey Strip (GSS), a 40 by 3.5 arcminute region of the sky imaged with HST,
for which several hundred galaxy spectra have been obtained as part of the DEEP
project (http://deep.ucolick.org). At least 6 broad-line AGNs (primarily
Seyfert 1s) have been detected as well as several narrow-line Seyfert 2
candidates. The Seyfert galaxies detected in our survey have integrated
absolute magnitudes extending to M(B)~-17.5, probing fainter magnitudes and
higher redshifts than existing optical spectroscopic surveys. We also discuss a
variability study of the GSS using the original HST images from 1994 and new
images obtained in 2001. The high resolution obtained with HST allows us to
isolate and measure variable galactic nuclei too faint to be detected from the
ground, reaching nuclear magnitudes of M(B)~-16 in galaxies to z=0.8. The
combination of these techniques provides a powerful probe of the population of
low-luminosity AGNs at moderate redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149212 </DOCNO>
Faddeev-Skyrme Model and Rational Maps


  The Faddeev-Skyrme model, a modified O(3) nonlinear sigma model in three
space dimensions, is known to admit topological solitons that are stabilized by
the Hopf charge. The Faddeev-Skyrme model is also related to the low-energy
limits of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. Here, the model is reformulated into its
gauge-equivalent expression, which turns out to be Skyrme-like. The solitonic
solutions of this Skyrme-like model are analyzed by the rational map ansatz.
The energy function and the Bogomolny-type lower bound of the energy are
established. The generalized Faddeev-Skyrme model that originates from the
infrared limits of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98318 </DOCNO>
Decomposable Ternary Cubics


  Cubic forms in three variables are parametrised by points of $\P^9$. We study
the subvarieties in this space defined by decomposable forms. Specifically, we
calculate the equivariant minimal resolutions of these varieties and describe
their ideals invariant-theoretically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74020 </DOCNO>
QCD Sum Rule for Heavy Baryons


  We construct the heavy baryonic currents by using the Bethe-Salpeter wave
functions in the heavy quark limit. We discuss the one-loop renormalization of
these heavy baryonic currents as well as their two-point correlators up to the
order $1/M_h$. For a special case, we do the QCD sum rule for masses of the
doublet (3/2,5/2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148836 </DOCNO>
Gerbes in classical Chern-Simons theory


  We construct geometrically a gerbe assigned to a connection on a principal
SU(2)-bundle over an oriented closed 1-dimensional manifold. If the connection
is given by the restriction of a connection on a bundle over a compact
2-manifold bounding the 1-manifold, then we have a natural object in the gerbe.
The gerbes and the objects satisfy certain fundamental properties, e.g. gluing
law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5448 </DOCNO>
Composite spin and orbital triplet superconductivity formed out of a


  An unconventional superconducting phase is explored developing out of a non
Fermi-liquid phase of the two-channel Anderson lattice model. It is
characterized by a composite order parameter comprising of a local spin or
orbital degree of freedom bound to triplet Cooper pairs with an isotropic and a
nearest neighbour form factor. The superconducting transition temperature peaks
in the moderate intermediate valence regime and vanishes at integral valence.
The gap function is non analytic and odd in frequency, and a pseudo-gap
develops in the conduction electron density of states which vanishes as
$|\omega|$ close to $\omega=0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74144 </DOCNO>
Can we live in a self-tuning universe?


  The self-tuning brane scenario is an attempt to solve the cosmological
constant problem in the context of extra dimensions. Rather than making the
vacuum energy small, this approach proceeds by removing the gravitational
effect of vacuum energy on the expansion of the universe. Such behavior is only
possible through changing the Friedmann equation of conventional cosmology, and
we discuss difficulties in obtaining cosmological evolution compatible with
observation in this context. Specific models considered include a bulk scalar
field coupling to the brane via a conformal transformation of the brane metric,
and via a rescaling of the brane volume element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74646 </DOCNO>
Probing MSSM Higgs Sector CP Violation at a Photon Collider


  We study the phenomenological implications of the Higgs sector CP violation
at a photon collider. In our model, the CP violation is radiatively induced by
the non-trivial CP phases of the third-generation scalar-quark sector in the
MSSM. We re-evaluate the $s$-channel resonance production cross sections and
the polarization asymmetries of the neutral Higgs bosons based on the
calculation of the mass matrix of the neutral Higgs bosons which is valid for
any values of the relevant SUSY parameters. The CP properties of the Higgs
bosons can be precisely probed through their $s$-channel resonance productions
at a photon linear collider by exploiting circularly and/or linearly polarized
backscattered laser photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124701 </DOCNO>
Deuterated Ammonia in Galactic Protostellar Cores


  We report on a survey of \nh2d towards protostellar cores in low-mass star
formation and quiescent regions in the Galaxy. Twenty-three out of thirty-two
observed sources have significant ($\gsim 5\sigma$) \nh2d emission.
Ion-molecule chemistry, which preferentially enhances deuterium in molecules
above its cosmological value of \scnot{1.6}{-5} sufficiently explains these
abundances. NH2D/NH3 ratios towards Class 0 sources yields information about
the ``fossil remnants'' from the era prior to the onset of core collapse and
star formation. We compare our observations with predictions of gas-phase
chemical networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73786 </DOCNO>
Scanning the Quark-Gluon Plasma with Charmonium


  We suggest the variation of charmonium suppression with Feynman x_F in heavy
ion collisions as a novel and sensitive probe for the properties of the matter
created in such reactions. In contrast to the proton-nucleus case where nuclear
suppression is weakest at small x_F, final state interactions with the comoving
matter create a minimum at x_F=0, which is especially deep and narrow if a
quark-gluon plasma is formed. While a particularly strong effect is predicted
at SPS, at the higher RHIC energy it overlaps with the expected sharp variation
with x_F of nuclear effects and needs comparison with proton-nucleus data. If
thermal enhancement of J/\Psi production takes over at the energies of RHIC and
LHC, it will form an easily identified peak, rather than dip in x_F dependence.
We predict a steep dependence on centrality and suggest that this new probe is
complementary to the dependence on transverse energy, and is more sensitive to
a scenario of final state interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95911 </DOCNO>
$L^p$ estimates for the biest I. The Walsh case


  We prove L^p estimates for the Walsh model of the "biest", a trilinear
multiplier with singular symbol which arises naturally in the expansion of
eigenfunctions of a Schrodinger operator, and which is also related to the
bilinear Hilbert transform. The corresponding estimates for the Fourier model
will be obtained in the sequel of this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73002 </DOCNO>
Indirect Detection of Neutralino Dark Matter up to TeV Scale


  In this paper, we will describe the results of SUSY parameter space searches
including minimal supergravity, non-universal supergravity and minimal
supersymmetry and the implications on the indirect detection of neutralino dark
matter. We give special attention to the effects of detector thresholds, solar
absorption of neutrinos and hadronization of neutralino annihilation products.
These effects are known to be important in calculating accurate event rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125337 </DOCNO>
Brillouin scattering and the CMB


  Brillouin scattering of photons off the pressure fluctuations in a fluid is
potentially important for cosmology. We derive the Brillouin spectral
distortion of blackbody radiation, and discuss the possible implications for
the cosmic microwave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123408 </DOCNO>
Event Rates for Binary Inspiral


  Double compact objects (neutron stars and black holes) found in binaries with
small orbital separations are known to spiral in and are expected to coalesce
eventually because of the emission of gravitational waves. Such inspiral and
merger events are thought to be primary sources for ground based
gravitational-wave interferometric detectors (such as LIGO). Here, we present a
brief review of estimates of coalescence rates and we examine the origin and
relative importance of uncertainties associated with the rate estimates. For
the case of double neutron star systems, we compare the most recent rate
estimates to upper limits derived in a number of different ways. We also
discuss the implications of the formation of close binaries with two
non-recycled pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114486 </DOCNO>
Active Vibration Suppression R&D for the NLC


  The nanometer scale beam sizes at the interaction point in linear colliders
limit the allowable motion of the final focus magnets. We have constructed a
prototype system to investigate the use of active vibration damping to control
magnet motion. Inertial sensors are used to measure the position of a test
mass, and a DSP based system provides feedback using electrostatic pushers.
Simulation and experimental results for the control of a mechanically simple
system are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6390 </DOCNO>
Zn-doping dependence of the wipeout region around Zn in


  We estimated the spread of the magnetically enhanced regions (wipeout
regions) around Zn ions in high-Tc superconductors YBa2(Cu1-xZnx)4O8 (x=0,
0.005, 0.01, and 0.022) at T=4.2 K, via the planar 63Cu nuclear spin-lattice
relaxation study with Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spin-echo
technique. From the analysis of nonexponential planar Cu nuclear spin-lattice
relaxation curves, we found that the wipeout region per a Zn ion shrinks with
Zn doping in the superconducting state. The shrinkage is associated with
suppression of the host antiferromagnetic spin correlation, as a result from a
dilution effect on the magnetic CuO2 network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83773 </DOCNO>
A Bit of Progress in Language Modeling


  In the past several years, a number of different language modeling
improvements over simple trigram models have been found, including caching,
higher-order n-grams, skipping, interpolated Kneser-Ney smoothing, and
clustering. We present explorations of variations on, or of the limits of, each
of these techniques, including showing that sentence mixture models may have
more potential. While all of these techniques have been studied separately,
they have rarely been studied in combination. We find some significant
interactions, especially with smoothing and clustering techniques. We compare a
combination of all techniques together to a Katz smoothed trigram model with no
count cutoffs. We achieve perplexity reductions between 38% and 50% (1 bit of
entropy), depending on training data size, as well as a word error rate
reduction of 8.9%. Our perplexity reductions are perhaps the highest reported
compared to a fair baseline. This is the extended version of the paper; it
contains additional details and proofs, and is designed to be a good
introduction to the state of the art in language modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81425 </DOCNO>
Lattice 2001: Reflections


  A few subjects which strongly intertwine our field are discussed: K --> Pi Pi
decay, chiral symmetry on the lattice and a few other selected topics. Open
questions are touched also on perturbation theory, locality, Gribov copies, CP
symmetry in chiral gauge theories and cut-off effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125822 </DOCNO>
Spectrophotometric Evolutionary Models for Tidal Dwarfs


  We describe our procedure to model Tidal Dwarf Galaxies in the context of our
evolutionary synthesis code. Our analysis shows strong contributions of gaseous
emission lines to optical colors and of continuum emission to NIR colors during
the burst phase. This underlines the importance of including both types of
emission when modeling any type of star-bursting galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76115 </DOCNO>
Bulk torsion fields in theories with large extra dimensions


  We study the consequences of spacetime torsion coexisting with gravity in the
bulk in scenarios with large extra dimensions. Having linked torsion with the
Kalb-Ramond antisymmetric tensor field arising in string theories, we examine
its artifacts on the visible 3-brane when the extra dimensions are
compactified. It is found that while torsion would have led to parity violation
in a 4-dimensional framework, all parity violating effects disappear on the
visible brane when the torsion originates in the bulk. However, such a scenario
is found to have characteristics of its own, some of which can be
phenomenologically significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124200 </DOCNO>
Is Angular Momentum in an Accretion Disk Transported Inwards?


  The derivation of the viscosity formula of accretion disks appearing in a
number of textbooks is based on a mean free path theory of gas particles.
However, this procedure, when followed precisely, leads to the incorrect
conclusion that the angular momentum of an accretion disk flows from the outer
part to the inner part.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96205 </DOCNO>
Generalized Orbifold Euler Characteristic of Symmetric Products and


  We introduce the notion of generalized orbifold Euler characteristic
associated to an arbitrary group, and study its properties. We then calculate
generating functions of higher order (p-primary) orbifold Euler characteristic
of symmetric products of a G-manifold M. As a corollary, we obtain a formula
for the number of conjugacy classes of d-tuples of mutually commuting elements
(of order powers of p) in the wreath product G wreath S_n in terms of
corresponding numbers of G. As a topological application, we present generating
functions of Euler characteristic of equivariant Morava K-theories of symmetric
products of a G-manifold M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73087 </DOCNO>
Inflation from Tsunami-waves


  We investigate inflation driven by the evolution of highly excited quantum
states within the framework of out of equilibrium field dynamics. These states
are characterized by a non-perturbatively large number of quanta in a band of
momenta but with vanishing expectation value of the scalar field.They represent
the situation in which initially a non-perturbatively large energy density is
localized in a band of high energy quantum modes and are coined tsunami-waves.
The self-consistent evolution of this quantum state and the scale factor is
studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that the time evolution of
these quantum states lead to two consecutive stages of inflation under
conditions that are the quantum analogue of slow-roll. The evolution of the
scale factor during the first stage has new features that are characteristic of
the quantum state. During this initial stage the quantum fluctuations in the
highly excited band build up an effective homogeneous condensate with a non-
perturbatively large amplitude as a consequence of the large number of quanta.
The second stage of inflation is similar to the usual classical chaotic
scenario but driven by this effective condensate.The excited quantum modes are
already superhorizon in the first stage and do not affect the power spectrum of
scalar perturbations. Thus, this tsunami quantum state provides a field
theoretical justification for chaotic scenarios driven by a classical
homogeneous scalar field of large amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3863 </DOCNO>
Spin Dynamics near the Superconductor-to-Insulator Transition in


  We studied low-frequency spin dynamics near the impurity-induced
superconductor-to-insulator transition for underdoped high-Tc superconductor
YBa2(Cu1-xMx)4O8 (M=Ni, Zn) using the Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR)
spin-echo technique. We observed remarkable suppression of the normal-state
pseudo spin-gap and a loss of Cu NQR spectrum intensity at low temperatures
around the critical impurity concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114457 </DOCNO>
What is the optimal anthropoid primate diet?


  Following Socrates' advice "You should learn all you can from those who know.
Everyone should watch himself throughout his life, and notice what sort of meat
and drink and what form of exercise suit his constitution, and he should
regulate them in order to enjoy good health." Based on biological, chemical and
physical considerations I have attempted to synthesize guide lines for an
optimal diet from the vast literature. For an offshoot of the primate line it
may be wise not to stray too far from the line's surprisingly uniform
predominantly frugi- and herbi-vorous diet that is only lightly supplemented by
hunted small mammals, eggs, nuts, insects, etc. By dry weight raw wild fruit
contains fats, proteins, carbohydrates, digested and undigested fiber in the
approximate proportions 5 : 7 : 14 : 17 : 17. The fat component contains both
essential fatty acids, about 23% linoleic and 16% alpha-linolenic, the latter
severely lacking in Western diets. The practical problem is how to as best as
possible, but not religiously, approximate this diet with super-market items.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125566 </DOCNO>
Low State of the X-ray Burster SLX 1732-304 in the Globular Cluster


  Observations of the X-ray burster SLX 1732-304 in the globular cluster Terzan
1 with the PCA/RXTE instrument in April 1997 are presented. The source was in a
low state; its flux in the standard X-ray band was half the flux recorded by
the ART-P/Granat telescope also during its low state. At the same time, its
spectrum was softer than the ART-P spectrum; it was well described by a power
law with a photon index of 2.3 without any evidence of a high-energy cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97989 </DOCNO>
Curves of genus 2 and Desargues configurations


  We study the moduli space M_D of Desargues configurations and how to define a
holomorphic map from M_D to M^b_6 the moduli space of stable binary forms of
degree 6. The construction of the map goes back to the greek mathematician C.
Stephanos who published a paper about this in 1883, using classical geometric
invariant theory.
 We put this in a contemporary context and give a new proof of the properties
of the map.We also study degenerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86123 </DOCNO>
Gravitational wave bursts from cusps and kinks on cosmic strings


  The strong beams of high-frequency gravitational waves (GW) emitted by cusps
and kinks of cosmic strings are studied in detail. As a consequence of these
beams, the stochastic ensemble of GW's generated by a cosmological network of
oscillating loops is strongly non Gaussian, and includes occasional sharp
bursts that stand above the ``confusion'' GW noise made of many smaller
overlapping bursts. Even if only 10% of all string loops have cusps these
bursts might be detectable by the planned GW detectors LIGO/VIRGO and LISA for
string tensions as small as $G \mu \sim 10^{-13}$. In the implausible case
where the average cusp number per loop oscillation is extremely small, the
smaller bursts emitted by the ubiquitous kinks will be detectable by LISA for
string tensions as small as $G \mu \sim 10^{-12}$. We show that the strongly
non Gaussian nature of the stochastic GW's generated by strings modifies the
usual derivation of constraints on $G \mu$ from pulsar timing experiments. In
particular the usually considered ``rms GW background'' is, when $G \mu \gaq
10^{-7}$, an overestimate of the more relevant confusion GW noise because it
includes rare, intense bursts. The consideration of the confusion GW noise
suggests that a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) value $ G \mu \sim 10^{-6}$ is
compatible with existing pulsar data, and that a modest improvement in pulsar
timing accuracy could detect the confusion noise coming from a network of cuspy
string loops down to $ G \mu \sim 10^{-11}$. The GW bursts discussed here might
be accompanied by Gamma Ray Bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168697 </DOCNO>
On the relationship between the screening coulomb and anharmonic


  The eigenvalues of the potentials
$V(r)=\frac{A_{1}}{r}+A_{2}+A_{3}r+A_{4}r^{2}+A_{5}r^{3}+A_{6}r^{4}$ and
$V(r)=B_{1}r^{2}+B_{2}r^{4}+B_{3}r^{6}+B_{4}r^{8}+B_{5}r^{10}$ are obtained in
$N$-dimensional space by the Lagrange-mesh calculations for a wide range of
values of the parameters. We discuss the explicit dependence of these two
potentials in higher-dimensional space. Using the formalism of supersymmetric
quantum mechanics, it is shown that exact solutions of these potentials exist
when the parameters satisfy certain constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85965 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis in Advective Accretion Disk around Compact Object


  We study the nucleosynthesis in accretion disk around compact object. When
matter falls towards the compact object, due to interactions in nuclear species
nuclear energy is released in the high temperature. In some region of parameter
space nuclear energy becomes comparable or higher to the energy release due to
the viscous effect of the disk. In those regions disk may become unstable. Also
the changes of nuclear abundance in the disk are significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97851 </DOCNO>
The Weil-Petersson metric and volumes of 3-dimensional hyperbolic convex


  We introduce a coarse combinatorial description of the Weil-Petersson
distance d_WP(X,Y) between two finite area hyperbolic Riemann surfaces X and Y.
The combinatorics reveal a connection between Riemann surfaces and hyperbolic
3-manifolds conjectured by Thurston: the volume of the convex core of the
quasi-Fuchsian manifold Q(X,Y) with X and Y in its boundary is comparable to
the Weil-Petersson distance d_WP(X,Y). Applications include a connection of the
Weil-Petersson distance with the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set and the
lowest eigenvalue of the Laplacian as well as a new finiteness criterion for
geometric limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76301 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of Bilinear Broken R-parity


  The straightforward supersymmetrization of the Standard Model (SM) results in
a phenomenologically inconsistent theory in which Baryon number ($B$) and
Lepton number ($L$) are violated by dimension 4 operators, inducing fast proton
decay. Proton stability allows only for separate $L$ or $B$ violation and, if
neutrinos are massive Majorana particles, $L$ violating terms must be present.
In this thesis I will study a Supersymmetric Standard Model (SSM) realization
with $B$ conservation and minimal $L$ violation. In this framework $L$ is
mildly violated only by super-renormalizable terms, allowing for small neutrino
Majorana masses. This model is more predictive than the Baryon-Parity SSM. The
induced dimension 4 $L$ violating couplings are not arbitrary, and
automatically satisfy all experimental constraints. After introducing the
theoretical framework for supersymmetric models without Lepton number, I will
discuss the phenomenology of the (unstable) lightest neutralino and of the
lightest stop. I will show that the leptonic decays of the stop can be related
to the neutrino parameters, and in particular their measurement can indirectly
probe the size of the solar neutrinos mixing angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73423 </DOCNO>
Collider Verification of the Neutrino Mass Matrix in Two Scenarios


  If the origin of neutrino mass is at the TeV energy scale, collider
experiments may in fact {\it map out} all the elements of the $3 \times 3$
neutrino mass matrix, up to an overall scale. Two examples \cite{mrs,ma01} are
discussed and one is related \cite{mr} to the muon anomalous magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41033 </DOCNO>
Vector meson production at HERA


  New results on elastic electroproduction and proton-dissociative
photoproduction at large t of rho, phi and J/psi mesons are presented. They are
interpreted within perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148940 </DOCNO>
Loop Corrected Tachyon Condensation


  We study loop corrections in boundary string field theory (BSFT). After
commenting on problems with quantizing the tree level BSFT as an ordinary field
theory, we discuss the tree level coupling to closed strings and define the
loop corrections via factorization in the closed string channel. This
description is weakly coupled in the vicinity of the closed string vacuum. Our
proposal for the one-loop effective action differs in general from computing
the annulus or cylinder partition functions. We also compute the decay rates
and the loop corrections to the tensions of unstable branes in perturbative
string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97108 </DOCNO>
Totally Real Minimal Tori in $CP^2$


  In this paper we show that all totally real superconformal minimal tori in
$CP^2$ correspond with doubly-periodic finite gap solutions of the Tzitzeica
equation
 $$\omega_{z{\overline z}}=e^{-2\omega}-e^{\omega}$$
  Using the results on the Tzitzeica equation in integrable system theory, we
describe explicitly all these tori by Prym-theta functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2731 </DOCNO>
Density profiles in a classical Coulomb fluid near a dielectric wall.


  In the framework of the grand-canonical ensemble of statistical mechanics, we
give an exact diagrammatic representation of the density profiles in a
classical multicomponent plasma near a dielectric wall. By a reorganization of
Mayer diagrams for the fugacity expansions of the densities, we exhibit how the
long-range of both the self-energy and pair interaction are exponentially
screened at large distances from the wall. However, the self-energy due to
Coulomb interaction with images still diverges in the vicinity of the
dielectric wall and the variation of the density is drastically different at
short or large distances from the wall. This variation is involved in the
inhomogeneous Debye-H\"uckel equation obeyed by the screened pair potential.
Then the main difficulty lies in the determination of the latter potential at
every distance. We solve this problem by devising a systematic expansion with
respect to the ratio of the fundamental length scales involved in the two
coulombic effects at stake. (The application of this method to a plasma
confined between two ideally conducting plates and to a quantum plasma will be
presented elsewhere). As a result we derive the exact analytical perturbative
expressions for the density profiles up to first order in the coupling between
charges. The mean-field approach displayed in Paper I is then justified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149582 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the spinning particle in one dimension


  The most general N=1 Lagrangian for the spinning particle with local
supersymmetry is found and the constraints of the system are analysed. The
Dirac quantisation of the model is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73100 </DOCNO>
Nuclear shadowing at low photon energies


  We calculate the shadowing effect in nuclear photoabsorption at low photon
energies (1-3 GeV) within a multiple scattering approach. We avoid some of the
high energy approximations that are usually made in simple Glauber theory like
the narrow width and the eikonal approximation. We find that the main
contribution to nuclear shadowing at low energies stems from $\rho^0$ mesons
with masses well below their pole mass. We also show that the possibility of
scattering in non forward directions allows for a new contribution to shadowing
at low energies: the production of neutral pions as intermediate hadronic
states enhances the shadowing effect in the onset region. For light nuclei and
small photon energies they give rise to about 30% of the total shadowing
effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113776 </DOCNO>
The Electrochemical Reduction of Hydrogen in the Presence of Bisulfate


  A new model for the intermediate compound of the hydrogen evolution reaction
(HER) is proposed, for the electrochemical reduction of hydrogen in the
presence of bisulfate on platinum(111). The formation of this compound, a
regular 2 dimensional honeycomb ice lattice, occurs by a first order phase
transitions that involves the reorientation of water molecules. The model is
analyzed using new and simple effective cluster approach which highlights the
relevant transitions in system. This method is based on the cluster variation
method used successfully in our previous work on the UPD of Cu onto Au(111),
and permits us to explore a large region of parameter space, an essential
feature to study this complex system. The theory makes full use of the
properties of the diffuse layer: The water molecule is reoriented as the
potential is changed. For positive potentials it forms linear chains which are
responsible for the $\sqrt 3 \times \sqrt 7$ structure of the sulfate observed
by STM. At negative potentials water turns so that its dipole points towards
the Pt. Then it will form a regular honeycomb network of hydrogen bonded
molecules, with the sulfate at the center of the hexagons. Then the bisulfate
is desorbed, leaving the honeycomb HER structure behind. Our model thus
provides an explanation of the well known fact that only 2/3 of the Pt atoms
participate in the electroreduction of the hydrogen. The theory implies
geometrical constraints to the water potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99042 </DOCNO>
Some integrable systems on Hurwitz spaces


  We introduce a new class of integrable systems, naturally associated to
spaces of rational maps. The critical values of the maps play the role of
"times". Our systems provide a natural generalization of the Ernst equation.
For the scalar case we generalize our systems to Hurwitz spaces in arbitrary
genus; the systems obtained in this way can be naturally called the generalized
Euler-Darboux equations. We show that any solution of these equations defines a
Darboux-Egoroff metric via its tau-function; a subclass of solutions of
generalized Euler-Darboux systems corresponds to some known classes of
Frobenius manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6776 </DOCNO>
Of the Theory of Giant Magnetoresistance (Longitudinal Current)


  The paper has been permanently removed due to copyright issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149418 </DOCNO>
Star Products from Commutative String Theory


  A boundary-state computation is performed to obtain derivative corrections to
the Chern-Simons coupling between a p-brane and the RR gauge potential C(p-3).
We work to quadratic order in the gauge field strength F, but all orders in
derivatives. In a certain limit, which requires the presence of a constant
B-field background, it is found that these corrections neatly sum up into the
*2 product of (commutative) gauge fields. The result is in agreement with a
recent prediction using noncommutativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113687 </DOCNO>
Anomalous self-similarity in two-dimensional turbulence


  Our velocity measurements on a quasi-two-dimensional turbulent flow in a
rapidly rotating annulus yield an inverse cascade with E(k)~k^{-2} rather than
the expected E(k)~k^{-5/3}. The probability distribution functions for
longitudinal velocity differences, \delta_v(r)=v(x+r)-v(x), are self-similar
(scale independent) but strongly non-Gaussian, which suggests that the coherent
vortices play a significant role. The structure functions,
<[\delta_v(r)]^p>~r^{\zeta_p}, exhibit anomalous scaling: \zeta_p=p/2 rather
than \zeta_p=p/3 as in the 1941 Kolmogorov theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72467 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Compton Scattering in Chiral Effective Field Theories


  Chiral effective field theories have a long history studying the process of
Compton scattering on the nucleon. In this contribution I want to focus on the
new developments that have occured since the last Chiral Dynamics conference in
Mainz 1997. I will focus exclusively on the spin-dependent sector, where most
of the recent work has been done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74522 </DOCNO>
Weak annihilation in the rare radiative $B\to \rho\gamma$ decay


  The ampitude of the $B\to\rho\gamma$ decay induced by the flavour-changing
neutral currents contains the penguin contribution and the weak-annihilation
contribution generated by the 4-quark operators in the effective Hamiltonian.
The penguin contribution is known quite well. We analyse the weak-annihilation
which is suppressed by the heavy-quark mass compared to the penguin
contribution.
  In the factorization approximation, the weak annihilation amplitude is
represented in terms of the leptonic decay constants and the meson-photon
matrix elements of the weak currents. The latter contain the $B\gamma$,
$\rho\gamma$ transition form factors and contact terms determined by the
equations of motion. We calculate the $B\gamma$ and $\rho\gamma$ form factors
within the relativistic dispersion approach and obtain numerical estimates for
the weak annihilation amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6856 </DOCNO>
Origin of room-temperature ferromagnetism in Mn doped semiconducting


  CdGeP2 chalcopyrites doped with Mn have been recently found to exhibit room
temperature ferromagnetism. Isovalent substitution of the Cd site is expected,
however, to create antiferromagnetism, in analogy with the well-known CdTe:Mn
(d^5) case. However, chalcopyrite semiconductors exhibit low-energy intrinsic
defects. We show theoretically how ferromagnetism results from the interaction
of Mn with hole-producing intrinsic defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3903 </DOCNO>
Modeling electricity loads in California: ARMA models with hyperbolic


  In this paper we address the issue of modeling electricity loads. After
analyzing properties of the deseasonalized loads from the California power
market we fit an ARMA(1,6) model to the data. The obtained residuals seem to be
independent but with tails heavier than Gaussian. It turns out that the
hyperbolic distribution provides an excellent fit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127476 </DOCNO>
Dynamical evolution of rotating stellar systems - II. Post-collapse,


  We present the first post core collapse models of initially rotating star
clusters, using the numerical solution of an orbit-averaged 2D Fokker-Planck
equation. Based on the code developed by Einsel & Spurzem (1999), we have
improved the speed and the stability and included the steady three-body binary
heating source. We have confirmed that rotating clusters, whether they are in a
tidal field or not, evolve significantly faster than non-rotating ones.
Consequences for observed shapes, density distribution, and kinematic
properties of young and old star clusters are discussed. The results are
compared with gaseous and 1D Fokker-Planck models in the non-rotating case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41580 </DOCNO>
On some inverse problems in nuclear physics


  Some inverse problems in high-energy physics, neutron diffraction and NMR
spectroscopy are discussed. To solve them, the Fourier integrated
transformation method and the Maximum Entropy Technique (MENT) were used. The
integrated images of experimental distributions are shown to be informative
when determining the space-time parameters of a particle generation zone and
when analysing blurred spectra. The efficiency of the above methods was checked
by comparing relevant results with the results obtained independently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73705 </DOCNO>
Massive fields temper anomaly-induced inflation: the clue to graceful


  A method of calculating the vacuum effective action for massive quantum
fields in curved space-time is outlined. Our approach is based on the conformal
representation of the fields action and on the integration of the corresponding
conformal anomaly. As a relevant cosmological application, we find that if
taking the masses of the fields into account, then the anomaly-induced
inflation automatically slows down. The only relevant massive fields for this
purpose turn out to be the fermion fields. So in supersymmetric theories this
mechanism can be specially efficient, for it may naturally provide the graceful
exit from the inflationary to the FLRW phase. Taking the SUSY breaking into
account, the anomaly-induced inflation could be free of the well-known
difficulties with the initial data and also with the amplitude of the
gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73311 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariance, Color-Octet Vector Resonances and Double Technieta


  We show that the usual vector meson dominance method does not apply directly
to the mixing of a color-octet vector boson (color-octet technirho) with the
gluon because of gauge invariance. We propose a gauge invariant method where
one works in a physical basis with mass eigenstate fields. As a result, we show
that the physical technirho does not couple to two gluons, contrary to the
general belief. Consequences for the production of a pair of color-octet,
isosinglet technipions (technietas) at Fermilab is analysed by means of a
simulation of the signal and background, including kinematical cuts. We find
that the signal is too small to be observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128306 </DOCNO>
Discovery of new embedded Herbig-Haro objects in the rho Ophiuchi dark


  We report here the discovery of a 30"-chain of embedded Herbig-Haro (HH)
objects in the rho Ophiuchi dark cloud. These HH objects were first detected
during a deep K_S-band observation (completeness magnitude for point source~19)
made with NTT/SOFI. We confirm their nature with follow-up observations made
with H_2 v=1-0 S(1) narrow-band filter. We argue that they belong to two
different jets emanating from two Class I protostars: the main component of the
recently resolved subarcsecond radio binary YLW15 (also called IRS43), and
IRS54. We propose also to identify the [S II] knot HH224NW1 (Gomez et al 1998)
as emanating from a counterjet of YLW15. The alignment between these HH objects
and the thermal jet candidate found in YLW15 by Girart et al. (2000) implies
that this jet is not precessing at least on timescale ~(2-4)x1E4 yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129039 </DOCNO>
NGC 4314. IV. Photometry of Star Clusters with Hubble Space Telescope -


  Using HST WFPC2 images, we have obtained U, B, V, I, and H-alpha photometry
for 76 star clusters in the nuclear star-forming ring of the barred spiral
galaxy NGC 4314. These clusters are likely associated with an inner Inner
Lindblad Resonance, or IILR. The blue colors and H-alpha emission for most of
these clusters imply very young ages of 1-15 Myr. Age estimates based on
several reddening-free parameters indicate that the present epoch of star
formation has lasted at least 30 Myr. By estimating the masses of stars in the
clusters and comparing with the H-alpha luminosity, we conclude that a
significant fraction of ongoing star formation in the nuclear ring of NGC 4314
occurs in clusters. The cluster masses identify these as young open clusters,
not young globular clusters. Further out in the galaxy, just exterior to the
ring of young stars, previous ground-based observations revealed two symmetric
stellar spiral arms which may be associated with an outer Inner Lindblad
Resonance, or OILR. With our HST data, we have revealed part of this structure
and its colors in more detail. The spiral arm colors are consistent with
stellar ages between 40 and 200 Myr. The age difference between the inner ring
of young stars (IILR) and the larger oval-like feature containing the blue arms
(OILR) supports an interpretation of the morphology of the nuclear region of
NGC 4314 that requires a reservoir of gas that becomes more compact over time.
We speculate that as the gas distribution becomes more centrally concentrated,
it interacts with these two resonances. Each resonance triggers star formation,
resulting in two distinct epochs of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125262 </DOCNO>
Prediction of supersoft X-ray phase, helium enrichment, and turn-off


  Recurrent nova CI Aquilae is still bright 300 days after the optical maximum,
showing the slowest evolution among recurrent novae. We predict the turn-off
time of CI Aql 2000 outburst coming in August 2001 after a supersoft X-ray
source (SSS) phase lasts 250 days. We also predict helium enrichment of ejecta,
He/H = 0.25 by number. Observational confirmations are urgently required. Based
on the optically thick wind mass-loss theory of the thermonuclear runaway
model, we have also estimated the WD mass to be 1.2 +- 0.05 Msun by fitting our
theoretical light curves with the 1917 and 2000 outbursts. The mass of the
hydrogen-rich envelope on the WD is also estimated to be 6 x 10^{-6} Msun at
the optical maximum, indicating an average mass accretion rate of 0.7 x 10^{-7}
Msun/yr during the quiescent phase between the 1917 and 2000 outbursts. Using
these obtained values, we have consistently reproduced the light curve in
quiescence as well as the two outburst phases. Thus, we predict the turn-off
time to be in August 2001 for the 2000 outburst. We strongly recommend soft
X-ray observations to detect SSS until August 2001 because the massive wind
phase have already ended in December 2000 followed by an SSS phase that very
likely lasts until August 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86454 </DOCNO>
Numerical Relativity: A review


  Computer simulations are enabling researchers to investigate systems which
are extremely difficult to handle analytically. In the particular case of
General Relativity, numerical models have proved extremely valuable for
investigations of strong field scenarios and been crucial to reveal unexpected
phenomena. Considerable efforts are being spent to simulate astrophysically
relevant simulations, understand different aspects of the theory and even
provide insights in the search for a quantum theory of gravity. In the present
article I review the present status of the field of Numerical Relativity,
describe the techniques most commonly used and discuss open problems and (some)
future prospects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4041 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependent 5f-states in URu_2Si_2


  A dramatic temperature dependent enhancement of U 5f spectral weight at $E_F$
is observed in angle-resolved photoemission measurements of $URu_2Si_2$ at the
center of an X-point hole-pocket. Comparison of this temperature dependent
behavior for excitation both at and below the U $5d \to 5f$ resonant threshold
is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5809 </DOCNO>
Spin-Glass and Chiral-Glass Transitions in a $\pm J$ Heisenberg


  The three-dimensional $\pm J$ Heisenberg spin-glass model is investigated by
the non-equilibrium relaxation method from the paramagnetic state. Finite-size
effects in the non-equilibrium relaxation are analyzed, and the relaxation
functions of the spin-glass susceptibility and the chiral-glass susceptibility
in the infinite-size system are obtained. The finite-time scaling analysis
gives the spin-glass transition at $T_{\rm sg}/J=0.21_{-0.02}^{+0.01}$ and the
chiral-glass transition at $T_{\rm cg}/J=0.22_{-0.03}^{+0.01}$. The results
suggest that both transitions occur simultaneously. The critical exponent of
the spin-glass susceptibility is estimated as $\gamma_{\rm sg}= 1.7 \pm 0.3$,
which makes an agreement with the experiments of the insulating and the
canonical spin-glass materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125421 </DOCNO>
Structural evolution in elliptical galaxies: the age-shape relation


  We test the hypothesis that the apparent axis ratio of an elliptical galaxy
is correlated with the age of its stellar population. We find that old
ellipticals (with estimated stellar ages t > 7.5 Gyr) are rounder on average
than younger ellipticals. The statistical significance of this shape difference
is greatest at small radii; a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test comparing the axis ratios
of the two populations at R = Re/16 yields a statistical significance greater
than 99.96 percent. The relation between age and apparent axis ratio is linked
to the core/powerlaw surface brightness profile dichotomy. Core ellipticals
have older stellar populations, on average, than powerlaw ellipticals and are
rounder in their inner regions. Our results are consistent with a scenario in
which powerlaw ellipticals are formed in gas-rich mergers while core
ellipticals form in dissipationless mergers, with cores formed and maintained
by the influence of a binary black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87163 </DOCNO>
Generalized observers and velocity measurements in General Relativity


  To resolve some unphysical interpretations related to velocity measurements
by static observers, we discuss the use of generalized observer sets, give a
prescription for defining the speed of test particles relative to those
observers and show that, for any locally inertial frame, the speed of a freely
falling material particle is always less than the speed of light at the
Schwarzschild black hole surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81066 </DOCNO>
Abelian monopole and vortex condensation in lattice gauge theories


  We study Abelian monopole and vortex condensation in lattice pure gauge
theories. Condensation is detected by means of a disorder parameter defined in
terms of a gauge-invariant effective action introduced using the lattice
Schr\"odinger functional. Dirac monopoles condense in the confined phase of
U(1) lattice gauge theory. Abelian monopoles and Abelian vortices condense in
the confined phase of SU(2) and SU(3) lattice gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72808 </DOCNO>
O'Mega: An Optimizing Matrix Element Generator


  We sketch the architecture of O'Mega, a new optimizing compiler for tree
amplitudes in quantum field theory, and briefly describe its usage. O'Mega
generates the most efficient code currently available for scattering amplitudes
for many polarized particles in the Standard Model and its extensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126504 </DOCNO>
Discovery of the Galaxy Proximity Effect and Implications for


  We present an analysis of galaxy and QSO absorption line pairs toward 24 QSOs
at redshifts between z~0.2 and 1 in an effort to establish the relationship
between galaxies and absorption lines in physical proximity to QSOs. We
demonstrate the existence of a galaxy proximity effect, in that galaxies in the
vicinities of QSOs do not show the same incidence and extent of gaseous
envelopes as galaxies far from QSOs. We show that the galaxy proximity effect
exists to galaxy-QSO velocity separations of ~ 3000 km/s, much larger than the
size of a typical cluster (~ 1000 km/s), i.e. it is more comparable to the
scale of the sphere of influence of QSO ionizing radiation rather than the
scale of galaxy-QSO clustering. This indicates that the QSO ionizing radiation
rather than some dynamical effect from the cluster environment is responsible
for the galaxy proximity effect. We combine previous findings that (1) many or
most Lya absorption lines arise in extended galaxy envelopes, and (2) galaxies
cluster around QSOs to show that the magnitude of the Lya forest proximity
effect is underestimated. Consequently, determinations of the UV ionizing
background intensity using the proximity effect are likely overestimated. We
use the galaxy-QSO cross-correlation function measured from our data to
estimate the magnitude of this overestimate and find that it could be as high
as a factor of 20 at z<1. This can have strong implications for models of the
origin and evolution of the ionizing background, and may indicate that QSOs
produce sufficient ionizing flux at all redshifts to account for the entire
background radiation field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97435 </DOCNO>
Convex Multivariable Trace Functions


  For any densely defined, lower semi-continuous trace \tau on a C*-algebra A
with mutually commuting C*-subalgebras A_1, A_2, ... A_n, and a convex function
f of n variables, we give a short proof of the fact that the function (x_1,
x_2, ..., x_n) --> \tau (f(x_1, x_2, ..., x_n)) is convex on the space
\bigoplus_{i=1}^n (A_i)_{self-adjoint}. If furthermore the function f is
log-convex or root-convex, so is the corresponding trace function. We also
introduce a generalization of log-convexity and root-convexity called
\ell-convexity, show how it applies to traces, and give a few examples. In
particular we show that the trace of an operator mean is always dominated by
the corresponding mean of the trace values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83857 </DOCNO>
Voice over IP in the Local Exchange: A Case Study


  There have been a small number of cost studies of Voice over IP (VoIP) in the
academic literature. Generally, they have been for abstract networks, have not
been focused on the public switched telephone network, or they have not
included the operating costs. This paper presents the operating cost portion of
our ongoing research project comparing circuit-switched and IP network costs
for an existing local exchange carrier.
  We have found that (1) The operating cost differential between IP and circuit
switching for this LEC will be small; and (2) A substantial majority of a
telco's operating cost lies in customer service and outside plant maintenance,
which will be incurred equally in both networks in a pure substitution
scenario. Thus, the operating cost difference lies in the actual cost
differences of the switching technologies. This appears to be less than 10%-15%
of the total operating cost of the network. Thus, even if the cost differences
for substitute services were large, the overall impact on the telco's financial
performance would be small. But IP has some hidden benefits on the operations
side. Most notably, data and voice services could be managed with the same
systems infrastructure, meaning that the incremental operations cost of rolling
out new services would likely be much lower, since it would all be IP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5113 </DOCNO>
Interlayer Coupling and p-wave Pairing in Strontium Ruthenate


  On the basis of a three orbital model and an effective attractive interaction
between electrons we investigate the possible superconducting states, with $p$
and $f$-wave internal symmetry, of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. For an orbital dependent
interaction which acts between in plane and out of plane nearest neighbour
Ruthenium atoms we find a state for which the gap in the quasi-particle spectra
has a line node on the $\alpha $ and $\beta $ sheets of the Fermi Surface, but
it is complex with no nodes on the $\gamma$-sheet. We show that this state is
consistent with all the available experimental data. In particular, we present
the results of our calculations of the specific heat and penetration depth as
functions of the temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84050 </DOCNO>
A Statistical Model for Word Discovery in Transcribed Speech


  A statistical model for segmentation and word discovery in continuous speech
is presented. An incremental unsupervised learning algorithm to infer word
boundaries based on this model is described. Results of empirical tests showing
that the algorithm is competitive with other models that have been used for
similar tasks are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168117 </DOCNO>
Bohmian trajectories for photons


  The first examples of Bohmian trajectories for photons have been worked out
for simple situations, using the Kemmer-Duffin-Harishchandra formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125612 </DOCNO>
Hard X-ray emission from the galaxy cluster A3667


  We report the results of a long BeppoSAX observation of Abell 3667, one of
the most spectacular galaxy cluster in the southern sky. A clear detection of
hard X-ray radiation up to ~ 35 keV is reported, while a hard excess above the
thermal gas emission is present at a marginal level that should be considered
as an upper limit to the presence of nonthermal radiation. The strong hard
excesses reported by BeppoSAX in Coma and A2256 and the only marginal detection
of nonthermal emission in A3667 can be explained in the framework of the
inverse Compton model. We argue that the nonthermal X-ray detections in the PDS
energy range are related to the radio index structure of halos and relics
present in the observed clusters of galaxie.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76107 </DOCNO>
Theory of CP Violation in the B-Meson System


  Recent developments in the theory of CP violation in the B-meson system are
reviewed, with focus on the determination of sin(2beta) from B-> J/psi K
decays, its implications for tests of the Standard Model and searches for New
Physics, and the determination of gamma and alpha from charmless hadronic B
decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4602 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal Vortices in Granular Flows


  We present a new instability observed in rapid granular flows down rough
inclined planes. For high inclinations and flow rates, the free surface of the
flow experiences a regular deformation in the transverse direction.
Measurements of the surface velocities imply that this instability is
associated with the formation of longitudinal vortices in the granular flow.
  From the experimental observations, we propose a mechanism for the
longitudinal vortex formation based on the concept of granular temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72337 </DOCNO>
Determination of Omega_b From Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in the Presence


  Production of regions of antimatter in the early universe is predicted in
many baryogenesis models. Small scale antimatter regions would annihilate
during or soon after nucleosynthesis, affecting the abundances of the light
elements. In this paper we study how the acceptable range in Omega_b changes in
the presence of antimatter regions, as compared to the standard big bang
nucleosynthesis. It turns out that it is possible to produce at the same time
both a low 4He value (Y_p < 0.240) and a low D/H value (D/H < 4e-5), but
overproduction of 7Li is unavoidable at large Omega_b.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97972 </DOCNO>
Fibred knots and twisted Alexander invariants


  We introduce a new algebraic topological technique to detect non-fibred knots
in the three sphere using the twisted Alexander invariants. As an application,
we show that for any Seifert matrix of a knot with a nontrivial Alexander
polynomial, there exist infinitely many non-fibered knots with the given
Seifert matrix. We illustrate by examples that twisted Alexander invariants are
useful in detecting non-fibred knots with trivial Alexander polynomials as
well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6145 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic Annulus And Superconducting Vortices


  The screening currents induced in a superconducting film by a magnetic
annulus whose magnetization is perpendicular to the superconductor are
calculated. We show that close to the superconductor transition temperature
$T_c$ particular values of the magnetization and radii of the annulus make the
creation of superconducting vortices energy favorable. We also show that the
magnetic annulus offers an alternative tool for vortex pinning in the
superconductor. Statistical mechanical properties of this system are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168849 </DOCNO>
Coherent population trapping in two-electron three-level systems with


  The possibility of coherent population trapping in two electron states with
aligned spins (ortho-system) is evidenced. From the analysis of a three-level
atomic system containing two electrons, and driven by the two laser fields
needed for coherent population trapping, a conceptually new kind of
two-electron dark state appears. The properties of this trapping are studied
and are physically interpreted in terms of a dark hole, instead of a dark
two-electron state. This technique, among many other applications, offers the
possibility of measuring, with subnatural resolution, some superposition-state
matrix-elements of the electron-electron correlation that due to their time
dependent nature are inaccesible by standard measuring procedures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77007 </DOCNO>
B meson decays to baryons in the diquark model


  We study B meson decays to two charmless baryons in the diquark model,
including strong and electroweak penguins as well as the tree operators. It is
shown that penguin operators can enhance $\bar{B} \to \Bb_s \bar{\Bb}$
considerably, but affect $\bar{B} \to \Bb_1 \bar{\Bb}_2$ only slightly, where
$\Bb_{(1,2)}$ and $\Bb_s$ are non-strange and strange baryons, respectively.
The $\gamma$ dependence of the decay rates due to tree-penguin interference is
illustrated. In principle, some of the $\Bb_s \bar{\Bb}$ modes could dominate
over $\Bb_1 \bar{\Bb}_2$ for $\gamma > 90^\circ$, but in general the effect is
milder than their mesonic counterparts. This is because the $O_6$ operator can
only produce vector but not scalar diquarks, while the opposite is true for
$O_1$ and $O_4$. Predictions from diquark model are compared to those from the
sum rule calculation. The decays $\bar{B} \to \Bb_s \bar{\Bb}_s$ and inclusive
baryonic decays are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6295 </DOCNO>
Fermi Liquid without Quasiparticles and Electron Spectral Functions of


  Properties of strongly correlated two-dimensional (2D) electron systems in
solids are studied on the assumption that these systems undergo a phase
transition, called fermion condensation, whose characteristic feature is
flattening of the electron spectrum $\epsilon({\pf p})$. Unlike the previous
models in the present study, the decay of single-particle states is properly
taken into account. Remarkably, the value of the topological charge ($N=1/2$)
remains unchanged, supporting the view that systems with a fermion condensate
form a separate class of Fermi liquids. Results of calculations are found to be
in qualitative agreement with ARPES data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 377 </DOCNO>
Two-Stage Rotational Disordering of a Molecular Crystal Surface: C60


  We propose a two-stage mechanism for the rotational surface disordering phase
transition of a molecular crystal, as realized in C$_{60}$ fullerite. Our
study, based on Monte Carlo simulations, uncovers the existence of a new
intermediate regime, between a low temperature ordered $(2 \times 2)$ state,
and a high temperature $(1 \times 1)$ disordered phase. In the intermediate
regime there is partial disorder, strongest for a subset of particularly
frustrated surface molecules. These concepts and calculations provide a
coherent understanding of experimental observations, with possible extension to
other molecular crystal surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 483 </DOCNO>
Width of the Zero-Field Superconducting Resistive Transition in the


  Resistive superconducting zero-field transition in amorphous In-O films in
states from the vicinity of the insulator-superconductor transition is analyzed
in terms of two characteristic temperatures: the upper one, $T_{c0}$, where the
finite amplitude of the order parameter is established and the lower one,
$T_c$, where the phase ordering takes place. It follows from the
magnetoresistance measurements that the resistance in between, $T_c<T<T_{c0}$,
cannot be ascribed to dissipation by thermally dissociated vortex pairs. So, it
is not Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii transition that happens at $T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1497 </DOCNO>
Corrections to the Boltzmann mean free path in disordered systems with


  The mean free path is an essential characteristic length in disordered
systems. In microscopic calculations, it is usually approximated by the
classical value of the elastic mean free path. It corresponds to the Boltzmann
mean free path when only isotropic scattering is considered, but it is
different for anisotropic scattering. In this paper, we work out the
corrections to the so called Boltzmann mean free path due to multiple
scattering effects on finite size scatterers, in the s-wave approximation, ie.
when the elastic mean free path is equivalent to the Boltzmann mean free path.
The main result is the expression for the mean free path expanded in powers of
the perturbative parameter given by the scatterer density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149627 </DOCNO>
Static BPS-conditions in N=2 harmonic superspace


  We analyze superfield representations of BPS-conditions for the self-dual
static solutions of D=4, N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6129 </DOCNO>
Irreversibility line of the MgB$_{2}$ superconductor


  Magneto-resistivity of a c-axis oriented MgB$_{2}$ thin film was studied in
perpendicular and parallel magnetic fields up to $\sim $23 T with temperatures
down to 0.38 K. Resistive critical magnetic fields were determined. Large
separations between irreversibility lines and upper critical magnetic fields
are observed. An effective quantum parameter as a function of temperature is
proposed to explain the separations under the theoretical framework of quantum
fluctuations, in good agreement with our experimental and previously published
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149075 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation on Orbifolds and McKay Correspondence


  In this short note we present a mathematical interpretation of tachyon
condensation on (three dimensional) orbifolds within the framework of boundary
string field theory (BSFT). We explicitly show that important parts of decay
modes in brane-antibrane systems with N=2 boundary supersymmetry can be
interpreted as the McKay correspondence described as complexes. This will give
an example of the recent interpretation of D-branes as derived category. We
also discuss the N=4 boundary supersymmetry as a more refined structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128866 </DOCNO>
R-Process Nucleosynthesis in Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion


  We study the r-process nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds of
gravitational core collapse SNeII. Appropriate physical conditions are found
for successful r-process nucleosynthesis, which meet with several features of
heavy elements discovered recently in metal-deficient halo stars. We find also
several difficulties which are not explained in the present wind models. We
discuss quests for new insights in nuclear physics, astrophysics, and
astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2858 </DOCNO>
Complexity in dislocation dynamics: model


  We propose a numerical model to study the viscoplastic deformation of ice
single crystals. We consider long-range elastic interactions among
dislocations, the possibility of mutual annihilation, and a multiplication
mechanism representing the activation of Frank-Read sources due to dislocation
pinning. The overdamped equations of motion for a collection of dislocations
are integrated numerically using different externally applied stresses. Using
this approach we analyze the avalanche-like rearrangements of dislocations
during the dynamic evolution. We observe a power law distribution of avalanche
sizes which we compare with acoustic emission experiments in ice single
crystals under creep deformation. We emphasize the connections of our model
with non-equilibrium phase transitions and critical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75953 </DOCNO>
Black hole production and Large Extra Dimensions


  Black hole (BH) production at colliders is possible when the colliding energy
is above the Planck scale, which can effectively be at TeV scale in models of
large extra dimensions. In this work, we study the production of black holes at
colliders and discuss the possible signatures. We point out the ``$ij\to {\rm
BH}+ $ others'' subprocesses, in which the BH and other SM particles are
produced with a large transverse momentum. When the BH decays, it gives a
signature that consists of particles of high multiplicity in a boosted
spherical shape on one side of the event and a few number of high $p_T$ partons
on the other side, which provide very useful tags for the event.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2801 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Functional Integral Theory of Quantum Fluctuations in


  We present a microscopic theory of zero-temperature order parameter and
pseudospin stiffness reduction due to quantum fluctuations in the ground state
of double-layer quantum Hall ferromagnets. Collective excitations in this
systems are properly described only when interactions in both direct and
exchange particle-hole channels are included. We employ a functional integral
approach which is able to account for both, and comment on its relation to
diagrammatic perturbation theory. We also discuss its relation to Gaussian
fluctuation approximations based on Hubbard-Stratonovich-transformation
representations of interactions in ferromagnets and superconductors. We derive
remarkably simple analytical expressions for the correlation energy,
renormalized order parameter and renormalized pseudospin stiffness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86342 </DOCNO>
Gravitational-Wave Inspiral of Compact Binary Systems to 7/2


  The inspiral of compact binaries, driven by gravitational-radiation reaction,
is investigated through 7/2 post-Newtonian (3.5PN) order beyond the quadrupole
radiation. We outline the derivation of the 3.5PN-accurate binary's
center-of-mass energy and emitted gravitational flux. The analysis consistently
includes the relativistic effects in the binary's equations of motion and
multipole moments, as well as the contributions of tails, and tails of tails,
in the wave zone. However the result is not fully determined because of some
physical incompleteness, present at the 3PN order, of the model of
point-particle and the associated Hadamard-type self-field regularization. The
orbital phase, whose prior knowledge is crucial for searching and analyzing the
inspiral signal, is computed from the standard energy balance argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149078 </DOCNO>
More on Singularity Resolution


  String theoretic resolution of classical spacetime singularities is
discussed. Particular emphasis is on the use of brane probes, and the
connection [1] of the enhancon phenomenon [2] to the n=2* Pilch-Warner flow
spacetime [3]. Some comments and details on the singularity of the PW spacetime
are added. For the proceedings of Strings 2001, Mumbai, India.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76194 </DOCNO>
Consistency bounds on the Higgs-boson mass


  In this talk we consider the modifications induced by heavy physics on the
triviality and vacuum stability bounds on the Higgs-boson mass. We parameterize
the heavy interactions using an effective Lagrangian and find that the
triviality bound is essentially unaffected for weakly-coupled heavy physics. In
contrast there are significant modifications in the stability bound that for a
light Higgs boson require a scale of new physics of the order of a few TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83599 </DOCNO>
Nice point sets can have nasty Delaunay triangulations


  We consider the complexity of Delaunay triangulations of sets of points in
R^3 under certain practical geometric constraints. The spread of a set of
points is the ratio between the longest and shortest pairwise distances. We
show that in the worst case, the Delaunay triangulation of n points in R^3 with
spread D has complexity Omega(min{D^3, nD, n^2}) and O(min{D^4, n^2}). For the
case D = Theta(sqrt{n}), our lower bound construction consists of a uniform
sample of a smooth convex surface with bounded curvature. We also construct a
family of smooth connected surfaces such that the Delaunay triangulation of any
good point sample has near-quadratic complexity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95772 </DOCNO>
Invariant manifolds and the long-time asymptotics of the Navier-Stokes


  We construct finite-dimensional invariant manifolds in the phase space of the
Navier-Stokes equation on R^2 and show that these manifolds control the
long-time behavior of the solutions. This gives geometric insight into the
existing results on the asymptotics of such solutions and also allows one to
extend those results in a number of ways.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76774 </DOCNO>
Gauged Nambu-Jona Lasinio Studies of the Triviality of Quantum


  By adding a small, irrelevant four fermi interaction to the action of
noncompact lattice Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), the theory can be simulated
with massless quarks in a vacuum free of lattice monopoles. The lattice theory
possesses a second order chiral phase transition which we show is
logarithmically trivial, with the same systematics as the Nambu-Jona Lasinio
model. The irrelevance of the four fermi coupling is established numerically.
The widths of the scaling windows are examined in both the coupling constant
and bare fermion mass directions in parameter space. For vanishing fermion mass
we find a broad scaling window in coupling. By adding a small bare fermion mass
to the action we find that the width of the scaling window in the fermion mass
direction is very narrow. Only when a subdominant scaling term is added to the
leading term of the equation of state are adequate fits to the data possible.
The failure of past studies of lattice QED to produce equation of state fits
with adequate confidence levels to seriously address the question of triviality
is explained. The vacuum state of the lattice model is probed for topological
excitations, such as lattice Monopoles and Dirac strings, and these objects are
shown to be non-critical along the chiral transition line as long as the four
fermi coupling is nonzero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6130 </DOCNO>
Electron-electron interaction in multiwall carbon nanotubes


  Magnetic susceptibility $\chi$ of pristine and brominated arc-produced sample
of multiwall carbon nanotubes was measured from 4.2 to 400 K. An additional
contribution $\Delta \chi(T)$ to diamagnetic susceptibility $\chi(T)$ of carbon
nanotubes was found at T $<$ 50 K for both samples. It is shown that $\Delta
\chi(T)$ are dominated by quantum correction to $\chi$ for interaction
electrons (interaction effects-IE). The IE shows a crossover from
two-dimensional to three-dimensional at $B$ = 5.5 T. The effective interaction
between electrons for interior layers of nanotubes are repulsion and the
electron-electron interaction $\lambda$$_c$ was estimated to be $\lambda_c\sim
$ 0.26.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125873 </DOCNO>
Detection of Bulk Motions in the ICM of the Centaurus Cluster


  Several recent numerical simulations of off-center cluster mergers predict
that significant angular momentum with associated velocities of a few x 10^{3}
km/s can be imparted to the resulting cluster. Such gas bulk velocities can be
detected by the Doppler shift of X-ray spectral lines with ASCA spectrometers.
Using two ASCA observations of the Centaurus cluster, we produced a velocity
map for the gas in the cluster's central regions. We also detected radial and
azimuthal gradients in temperature and metal abundance distributions, which
seem to be associated with the infalling sub-group centered at NGC 4709 (Cen
45). More importantly, we found a significant (>99.8% confidence level)
velocity gradient along a line near-perpendicular to the direction of the
incoming sub-group and with a maximum velocity difference of ~3.4+-1.1 x 10^{3}
km/s. It is unlikely (P < 0.002) that the observed velocity gradient is
generated by gain fluctuations across the detectors. While the observed
azimuthal temperature and abundance variations can be attributed to the
interaction with Cen 45, we argue that the intracluster gas velocity gradient
is more likely due to a previous off-center merging event in the main body of
the Centaurus cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168662 </DOCNO>
Ultrahigh reflection from a medium with ultraslow group velocity


  We show that an incident wavepacket at the boundary to a medium with
extremely slow group velocity, experiences enhanced reflection and a
substantial spatial and temporal distortion of the transmitted wave packet. In
the limit of vanishing group velocity, light cannot be transferred into the
medium due to its perfect reflectivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95908 </DOCNO>
Theorems of Barth-Lefschetz type on Kaehler manifolds of non-negative


  Theorems of Barth-Lefschetz type describe restrictions on the topology of
varieties of small codimension. R. Schoen and J. Wolfson, using Morse theory on
a path space, have described a technique to prove theorems of this kind for
complex submanifolds of K\"ahler manifolds of non-negative holomorphic
bisectional curvature. In this paper this program is carried out for the
compact Hermitian symmetric spaces. The key technical point is to define and
compute an invariant, called the {\it complex positivity}, that measures the
``amount'' of positive curvature, in a suitable sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149479 </DOCNO>
On the Integrability of Classical Ruijsenaars-Schneider Model of


  The problem of finding most general form of the classical integrable
relativistic models of many-body interaction of the $BC_{n}$ type is
considered. In the simplest nontrivial case of $n=2$,the extra integral of
motion is presented in explicit form within the ansatz similar to the
nonrelativistic Calogero-Moser models. The resulting Hamiltonian has been found
by solving the set of two functional equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97608 </DOCNO>
Directed percolation and random walk


  Techniques of `dynamic renormalization', developed earlier for undirected
percolation and the contact model, are adapted to the setting of directed
percolation, thereby obtaining solutions of several problems for directed
percolation on $Z^d$ where $d \ge 2$. The first new result is a type of
uniqueness theorem: for every pair $x$ and $y$ of vertices which lie in
infinite open paths, there exists almost surely a third vertex $z$ which is
joined to infinity and which is attainable from $x$ and $y$ along directed open
paths. Secondly, it is proved that a random walk on an infinite directed
cluster is transient, almost surely, when $d \ge 3$. And finally, the block
arguments of the paper may be adapted to systems with infinite range, subject
to certain conditions on the edge probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73493 </DOCNO>
Strategies for The Determination of phi3 in B- -> D0 K-


  Direct CP violation in decays such as B- -> D0 K- is sensitive to the CKM
angle phi_3 because these decays allow the interference of b-quark to c-quark
with b-quark to u-quark transitions. Indeed, phi_3 may be determined if one can
infer the strong phase of the B and subsequent D0 decays from experimental
data. In this talk, I will discuss how this can be carried out using either a
single decay mode of the D0 by combining data from a number of D0 decay modes
as well as the use of other, analogous decays and the prospects of implementing
such methods at various B-factories. Since the properties of the D0 decays are
crucial to these methods, it is possible that D0-D0-bar mixing at the 1% level
will contaminate the results. I will therefore discuss various methods to
remove such confounding effects so that phi-3 may be determined even if such
mixing is present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113816 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Physics of Logic: Aspects of Transcendental Materialism or


  It has been shown at other occasions that recent results of modern physics
can be used to shed some more light onto the foundations of the world, provided
the actual task of philosophy is being re-interpreted in terms of a theory
which is following up the results of science rather than laying the grounds for
the latter, contrary to what the original intention of Aristotelian "prima
philo- sophia" would imply. As it turns out, the interpretation of the main
results of present research dealing with aspects of quantum information theory
and quantum gravity, respectively, as well as with self-organized criticality,
suffices to re-construct a large class of phenomena not only within the field
of physics proper, but also within chemistry, biology, and even the social
sciences. We show that questions of ultimate reality and meaning can only be
answered within a framework of speculative philosophy which is rooted though in
what sceptic philosophy is able to derive from scientific results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76327 </DOCNO>
Fading out of J/psi color transparency in high energy heavy ion


  We provide predictions for the J/psi coherent production in the peripheral
heavy ion collisions at LHC and at RHIC using the leading twist model of
nuclear shadowing based on the QCD factorization theorem for diffraction and
the HERA hard diffraction data. We demonstrate that for the LHC kinematics this
model leads to a bump-shape distribution in rapidity which is suppressed
overall as compared to the expectations of the color transparency regime by a
factor 6. This is significantly larger suppression than that expected within
the impact parameter eikonal model. Thus we show that the interaction of
spatially small wave package for which the total cross section of interaction
with nucleons is small is still strongly shadowed by nuclear medium in high
energy processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148527 </DOCNO>
Exceptional non-renormalization properties and OPE analysis of chiral


  We show that certain classes of apparently unprotected operators in N=4 SYM_4
do not receive quantum corrections as a consequence of a partial
non-renormalization theorem for the 4-point function of chiral primary
operators. We develop techniques yielding the asymptotic expansion of the
4-point function of CPOs up to order O(\lambda^2) and we perform a detailed OPE
analysis. Our results reveal the existence of new non-renormalized operators of
approximate dimension 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127897 </DOCNO>
The Starburst-AGN connection: Implications for the Unification of


  Observations at ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared wavelengths have shown
the existence of recent star formation in the nuclear regions of Seyfert 2
(Sy2) galaxies that suggest a connection between the Starburst and the Seyfert
phenomenon. According with the standard unified models of AGN circumnuclear
starbursts also have to be present (and in the same numbers) in Sy1 as in Sy2
galaxies. This review discuss evidence in favor of the Starburst-AGN
connection, as well as possible differences in terms of star formation activity
between Sy1 and Sy2, that suggest an alternative interpretation of the Seyfert
classification to that proposed by the standard unification model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123487 </DOCNO>
Cosmic shear surveys


  Gravitational weak shear produced by large-scale structures of the universe
induces a correlated ellipticity distribution of distant galaxies. The
amplitude and evolution with angular scale of the signal depend on cosmological
models and can be inverted in order to constrain the power spectrum and the
cosmological parameters. We present our recent analysis of 50 uncorrelated VLT
fields and the very first constrains on ($\Omega_m,\sigma_8$) and the nature of
primordial fluctuations based on the join analysis of present-day cosmic shear
surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129266 </DOCNO>
The Masses of Lyman Break Galaxies


  Data on galaxies at high redshift, identified by the Lyman-break photometric
technique, can teach us about how galaxies form and evolve. The stellar masses
and other properties of such Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) depend sensitively on
the details of star formation. In this paper we consider three different star
formation prescriptions, and use semi-analytic methods applied to the
now-standard $\Lambda$CDM theory of hierarchical structure formation to show
how these assumptions about star formation affect the predicted masses of the
stars in these galaxies and the masses of the dark matter halos that host them.
We find that, within the rather large uncertainties, recent estimates of the
stellar masses of LBGs from multi-color photometry are consistent with the
predictions of all three models. However, the estimated stellar masses are more
consistent with the predictions of two of the models in which star formation is
accelerated at high redshifts $z\gsim3$, and of these models the one in which
many of the LBGs are merger-driven starbursts is also more consistent with
indications that many high redshift galaxies are gas rich. The clustering
properties of LBGs have put some constraints on the masses of their host halos,
but due to similarities in the halo occupation of the three models we consider
and degeneracies between model parameters, current constraints are not yet
sufficient to distinguish between realistic models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149631 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Instantons on R^2_{NC} x R^2_C


  We study U(1) and U(2) noncommutative instantons on R^2_{NC} x R^2_C based on
the ADHM construction. It is shown that a mild singularity in the instanton
solutions for both self-dual and anti-self-dual gauge fields always disappears
in gauge invariant quantities and thus physically regular solutions can be
constructed even though any projected states are not involved in the ADHM
construction. Furthermore the instanton number is also an integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126357 </DOCNO>
On the Dynamic Stability of Cool Supergiant Atmospheres


  We have developed a new formalism to compute the thermodynamic coefficient
Gamma1 in the theory of stellar and atmospheric stability. We generalize the
classical derivation of the first adiabatic index, which is based on the
assumption of thermal ionization and equilibrium between gas and radiation
temperature, towards an expression which incorporates photo-ionization due to
radiation with a temperature T_rad different from the local kinetic gas
temperature.Our formalism considers the important non-LTE conditions in the
extended atmospheres of supergiant stars. An application to the Kurucz grid of
cool supergiant atmospheres demonstrates that models with T_rad =~ T_eff
between 6500 K and 7500 K become most unstable against dynamic perturbations,
according to Ledoux' stability integral <Gamma1>. This results from Gamma1 and
<Gamma1> acquiring very low values, below 4/3, throughout the entire stellar
atmosphere, which causes very high gas compression ratios around these
effective temperatures. Based on detailed NLTE-calculations, we discuss
atmospheric instability of pulsating massive yellow supergiants, like the
hypergiant rho Cas (Ia+), which exist in the extension of the Cepheid
instability strip, near the Eddington luminosity limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97443 </DOCNO>
The Fine Structure of the Kasparov Groups II: topologizing the UCT


  The Kasparov groups KK_*(A, B) have a natural structure as pseudopolonais
groups. In this paper we analyze how this topology interacts with the terms of
the Universal Coefficient Theorem (UCT) and the splittings of the UCT
constructed by J. Rosenberg and the author, as well as its canonical three term
decomposition which exists under bootstrap hypotheses. We show that the various
topologies on Ext_{\Bbb Z}^1(K_*(A), K_*(B)) and other related groups mostly
coincide. Then we focus attention on the Milnor sequence and the fine structure
subgroup of KK_*(A, B).
  An important consequence of our work is that under bootstrap hypotheses the
closure of zero of KK_*(A, B) is isomorphic to the group Pext_{\Bbb
Z}^1(K_*(A), K_*(B)).
  Finally, we introduce new splitting obstructions for the Milnor and Jensen
sequences and prove that these sequences split if K_*(A) or K_*(B) is torsion
free.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76455 </DOCNO>
Testing orbifold models of Supersymmetric Grand Unification


  In a model of supersymmetric SU(5) Grand Unification with a spatial dimension
described by the orbifold $S^1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$, proton decay is naturally
suppressed at all orders. This is achieved by a suitable implementation of the
discrete symmetries on the brane. But baryon number violating interactions are
present in this model. We propose a few possible experimental tests of this
model which exploit the effect of the baryon number violating couplings on
low-energy observables like neutron-antineutron oscillations, double nucleon
decay into two kaons, hadronic decay widths of the $Z$ boson, and $t \bar t$
production cross-section in Run II of the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81063 </DOCNO>
CP(N-1) Models with Theta Term and Fixed Point Action


  The topological charge distribution P(Q) is calculated for lattice ${\rm
CP}^{N-1}$ models. In order to suppress lattice cut-off effects we employ a
fixed point (FP) action. Through transformation of P(Q) we calculate the free
energy $F(\theta)$ as a function of the $\theta$ parameter. For N=4, scaling
behavior is observed for P(Q), $F(\theta)$ as well as the correlation lengths
$\xi(Q)$. For N=2, however, scaling behavior is not observed as expected. For
comparison, we also make a calculation for the ${\rm CP}^{3}$ model with
standard action. We furthermore pay special attention to the behavior of P(Q)
in order to investigate the dynamics of instantons. For that purpose, we
carefully look at behavior of $\gamma_{\it eff}$, which is an effective power
of P(Q)($\sim \exp(-CQ^{\gamma_{\it eff}})$), and reflects the local behavior
of P(Q) as a function of Q. We study $\gamma_{\it eff}$ for two cases, one
of which is the dilute gas approximation based on the Poisson distribution of
instantons and the other is the Debye-H\"uckel approximation of instanton
quarks. In both cases we find similar behavior to the one observed in numerical
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72837 </DOCNO>
Asymptotics of QCD Factorization in Exclusive Hadronic Decays of B


  Using the renormalon calculus, we study the asymptotic behavior of the
perturbative expansion of the hard-scattering kernels entering the QCD
factorization formula for the nonleptonic weak decays B->D M, where M is a
light meson. In the ``large-beta_0 limit'', the kernels are infrared finite and
free of endpoint singularities to all orders of perturbation theory. The
leading infrared renormalon singularity corresponding to a power correction of
order Lambda/m_b vanishes if the light meson has a symmetric light-cone
distribution amplitude. We calculate the Borel transforms and the corresponding
momentum distribution functions of the hard-scattering kernels, and resum the
series of O(beta_0^{n-1} alpha_s^n) corrections to explore the numerical
significance of higher-order perturbative and power corrections. We also derive
explicit expressions for the O(beta_0 alpha_s^2) contributions to the kernels,
and for the renormalon singularities corresponding to power corrections of
order (Lambda/m_b)^2. Finally, we study the limit m_c->0 relevant to charmless
hadronic decays such as B->pi pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1694 </DOCNO>
Fractal to Nonfractal Phase Transition in the Dielectric Breakdown Model


  A fast method is presented for simulating the dielectric-breakdown model
using iterated conformal mappings. Numerical results for the dimension and for
corrections to scaling are in good agreement with the recent RG prediction of
an upper critical $\eta_c=4$, at which a transition occurs between branching
fractal clusters and one-dimensional nonfractal clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126299 </DOCNO>
Super Star Clusters in M82


  M82 is the nearest starburst galaxy. It contains two large systems of super
star clusters, one being spawned today in the active starforming core, and one
produced by an earlier starburst event which coincided with the last orbital
passage of its neighbor, M81. The proximity of M82 makes it uniquely valuable
for a wide range of studies of massive young clusters and their environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86384 </DOCNO>
Gravitational wave background from coalescing compact stars in eccentric


  Stochastic gravitational wave background produced by a stationary coalescing
population of binary neutron stars in the Galaxy is calculated. This background
is found to constitute a confusion limit within the LISA frequency band up to a
limiting frequency $\NUlim{}\sim 10^{-3}$ Hz, leaving the frequency window
$\sim 10^{-3}$--$10^{-2}$ Hz open for the potential detection of cosmological
stochastic gravitational waves and of signals involving massive black holes out
to cosmological distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7279 </DOCNO>
Community structure in social and biological networks


  A number of recent studies have focused on the statistical properties of
networked systems such as social networks and the World-Wide Web. Researchers
have concentrated particularly on a few properties which seem to be common to
many networks: the small-world property, power-law degree distributions, and
network transitivity. In this paper, we highlight another property which is
found in many networks, the property of community structure, in which network
nodes are joined together in tightly-knit groups between which there are only
looser connections. We propose a new method for detecting such communities,
built around the idea of using centrality indices to find community boundaries.
We test our method on computer generated and real-world graphs whose community
structure is already known, and find that it detects this known structure with
high sensitivity and reliability. We also apply the method to two networks
whose community structure is not well-known - a collaboration network and a
food web - and find that it detects significant and informative community
divisions in both cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97103 </DOCNO>
Generalized Takahashi manifolds


  We introduce a family of closed 3-dimensional manifolds, which are a
generalization of certain manifolds studied by M. Takahashi. The manifolds are
represented by Dehn surgery with rational coefficients on the 3-sphere, along
an n-periodic 2n-component link. A presentation of their fundamental group is
obtained, and covering properties of these manifolds are studied. In
particular, this family of manifolds includes the whole class of cyclic
branched coverings of two-bridge knots. As a consequence we obtain a simple
explicit surgery presentation for this important class of manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169505 </DOCNO>
A Raman approach to quantum logic in Calcium-like ions


  We consider the feasibility of performing quantum logic operations based on
stimulated Raman transitions in trapped Calcium ions. This technique avoids
many of the technical difficulties involved with laser stabilisation, and only
three laser wavelengths are required, none of which need have particularly
stringent requirements on their bandwidths. The possible problems with
experimental realisations are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127772 </DOCNO>
The Chandra LETGS high resolution X-ray spectrum of the isolated neutron


  We present the Chandra LETGS X-ray spectrum of the nearby (~60 pc) neutron
star RX J1856.5-3754. Detailed spectral analysis of the combined X-ray and
optical data rules out the nonmagnetic neutron star atmosphere models with
hydrogen, helium, iron and solar compositions. We also conclude that strongly
magnetized atmosphere models are unable to represent the data. The data can be
explained with a two-component blackbody model. The harder component with
temperature of kT_bb~63 eV and a radius R_bb~2.2 km of the emitting region well
fits the X-ray data and can be interpreted as radiation from a hot region on
the star's surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76519 </DOCNO>
Heavy flavor production at HERA


  Recent results of open charm and beauty production in electron proton
scattering at HERA are presented. In photoproduction, the measured cross
sections for charm exceed fixed order NLO QCD calculations. Experimental
evidence supports the hypothesis that a significant fraction of photoproduction
events with charm can be described by resolved photon processes, where the
charm quark is a constituent of the resolved photon. In deep inelastic
scattering the NLO calculations give in general a fairly reasonable description
of the observed charm cross sections. The measurements of the structure
function $F_2^{cc}$ show that, at large photon virtualities and low x, the
events with charm constitute a major part of the total ep cross section. The
beauty cross sections both in photoproduction and in DIS exceed NLO
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2593 </DOCNO>
The classical Generalized Constant Coupling method for Geometrically


  A microscopic derivation of the classical Generalized Constant Coupling (GCC)
model for geometrically frustrated magnets is presented. Starting from the
classical Heisenberg Hamiltonian, the partition function for clusters with p = 
2, 3, 4 ,...spins in the presence of the inhomogeneous symmetry breaking fields
(SBF) created by spins outside the unit is calculated. The effective fields
characterizing the interaction between units naturally arise as averages over
the SBF. These effective fields are fixed by a self-consistency condition. In
the paramagnetic regime, we recover all the results previously obtained in a
more phenomenological way, which were shown to be in excellent agreement with
Monte Carlo calculations for these lattices. In the absence of applied magnetic
field, it is found that, for antiferromagnetic interactions, the equilibrium
configuration is a non-collinear configuration in which the total magnetization
of the unit is zero, and the condition under which such an ordered state occurs
is also obtained from the calculation.
  However, frustration inhibits the formation of such an state, and the system
remains paramagnetic down to 0 K, if only nearest neighbor interactions are
taken into account, for all the systems considered. Furthermore, we also study
the effect of next nearest neighbor interactions (NNN) and site dilution by
non-magnetic impurities for the pyrochlore lattice. It is found that NNN
interactions can stabilize a non-collinear ordered state, or ferromagnetic one,
depending on the relation between NN and NNN interactions, and the phase
diagram is calculated. However, site dilution is not enough by itself to form
such an ordered state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97539 </DOCNO>
Dark matter and galactic halos - a quantum approach


  Traditional quantum theory can be used to construct hypothetical very
large-scale gravitational stationary state structures from traditionally stable
atoms and subatomic particles. These so called "gravitational
macro-eigenstructures" have potential to explain the composition of
extra-galactic dark matter and galactic halos. It is shown that the eigenstates
within these structures can have radiative and stimulated lifetimes that are
longer than the age of the universe, and also that they cannot be easily
transformed or "destroyed" by many conventional galactic processes. Because of
the unique nature of stationary states, it is shown that gravitational
eigenstructures have the potential to remain largely undetected, provided
certain conditions are met. Speculatively, it is suggested that they could
provide a mechanism for the origin of high-energy cosmic rays, and also that,
if these hypothetical structures have been present from an early time in the
history of the universe, then they could have influenced the large- scale
structure of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6655 </DOCNO>
Approach to Fixation for Zero-Temperature Stochastic Ising Models on the


  We investigate zero-temperature dynamics on the hexagonal lattice H for the
homogeneous ferromagnetic Ising model with zero external magnetic field and a
disordered ferromagnetic Ising model with a positive external magnetic field h.
We consider both continuous time (asynchronous) processes and, in the
homogeneous case, also discrete time synchronous dynamics (i.e., a
deterministic cellular automaton), alternating between two sublattices of H.
The state space consists of assignments of -1 or +1 to each site of H, and the
processes are zero-temperature limits of stochastic Ising ferromagnets with
Glauber dynamics and a random (i.i.d. Bernoulli) spin configuration at time 0.
We study the speed of convergence of the configuration $\sigma^t$ at time t to
its limit $\sigma^{\infty}$ and related issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6747 </DOCNO>
Charge Stripe in an Antiferromagnet: 1d Band of Composite Excitations


  With the help of analytical and numerical studies of the $t$-$J_z$ model we
argue that the charge stripe in an antiferromagnetic insulator should be
understood as a system of holon-spin-polaron excitations condensed at the
self-induced antiphase domain wall. The structure of such a charge excitation
is studied in detail with numerical and analytical results for various
quantities being in a very close agreement. An analytical picture of these
excitations occupying an effective 1D stripe band is also in a very good accord
with numerical data. The emerging concept advocates the primary role of the
kinetic energy in favoring the stripe as a ground state. A comparative analysis
suggests the effect of pairing and collective meandering on the energetics of
the stripe formation to be secondary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126815 </DOCNO>
Seyfert-Type Dependences of Narrow Emission-Line Ratios and Physical


  In order to examine how narrow emission-line flux ratios depend on the
Seyfert type, we compiled various narrow emission-line flux ratios of 355
Seyfert galaxies from the literature. We present in this paper that the
intensity of the high-ionization emission lines, [Fe VII]6087, [Fe X]6374 and
[Ne V]3426, tend to be stronger in Seyfert 1 galaxies than in Seyfert 2
galaxies. In addition to these lines, [O III]4363 and [Ne III]3869, whose
ionization potentials are not high (< 100 eV), but whose critical densities are
significantly high (> 10^7 cm^-3), also exhibit the same tendency. On the other
hand, the emission-line flux ratios among low-ionization emission lines do not
show such a tendency. We point out that the most plausible interpretation of
these results is that the high-ionization emission lines arise mainly from
highly-ionized, dense gas clouds, which are located very close to nuclei, and
thus can be hidden by dusty tori. To examine the physical properties of these
highly-ionized dense gas clouds, photoionization model calculations were
performed. As a result, we find that the hydrogen density and the ionization
parameter of these highly-ionized dense gas clouds are constrained to be n_H >
10^6 cm^-3 and U > 10^-2, respectively. These lower limits are almost
independent both from the metallicity of gas clouds and from the spectral
energy distribution of the nuclear ionizing radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72853 </DOCNO>
Expected Properties of Massive Neutrinos for Mass Matrices with a


  We study the class of neutrino mass matrices with a dominant block but
unspecified O(1) coefficients, and scan the possible models by the help of
random number generators. We discuss which are the most common expectations in
dependence of the adjustable parameter of the mass matrices, "epsilon", and
emphasise an interesting sub-class of models that have large mixing angles for
atmospheric and solar neutrinos. For those models where the lepton mass
matrices are subject to Froggatt-Nielsen U(1) selection rules, we show that the
neutrino mixing matrix receives important contributions from the rotations
operating on charged lepton sector, which increase the predicted value of the
angle "theta(13)" and the ee-entry of the neutrino mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6345 </DOCNO>
Interface electronic states and boundary conditions for envelope


  The envelope-function method with generalized boundary conditions is applied
to the description of localized and resonant interface states. A complete set
of phenomenological conditions which restrict the form of connection rules for
envelope functions is derived using the Hermiticity and symmetry requirements.
Empirical coefficients in the connection rules play role of material parameters
which characterize an internal structure of every particular heterointerface.
As an illustration we present the derivation of the most general connection
rules for the one-band effective mass and 4-band Kane models. The conditions
for the existence of Tamm-like localized interface states are established. It
is shown that a nontrivial form of the connection rules can also result in the
formation of resonant states. The most transparent manifestation of such states
is the resonant tunneling through a single-barrier heterostructure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2992 </DOCNO>
Heterogeneous volatility cascade in financial markets


  Using high frequency data, we have studied empirically the change of
volatility, also called volatility derivative, for various time horizons. In
particular, the correlation between the volatility derivative and the
volatility realized in the next time period is a measure of the response
function of the market participants. This correlation shows explicitly the
heterogeneous structure of the market according to the characteristic time
horizons of the differents agents. It reveals a volatility cascade from long to
short time horizons, with a structure different from the one observed in
turbulence. Moreover, we have developed a new ARCH-type model which
incorporates the different groups of agents, with their characteristic memory.
This model reproduces well the empirical response function, and allows us to
quantify the importance of each group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85755 </DOCNO>
Length versus time-interval discreteness in 2+1 Lorentzian canonical


  Paper withdrawn. (The result presented was derived previously by L Freidel.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2367 </DOCNO>
The Magnetic Susceptibility of Non-Interacting Nanoparticles


  We have calculated the low-field magnetic susceptibility $\chi$ of a system
consisting of non-interacting mono-dispersed nanoparticles using a classical
statistical approach. The model makes use of the assumption that the axes of
symmetry of all nanoparticles are aligned and oriented at a certain angle
$\psi$ with respect to the external magnetic field. An analytical expression
for the temperature dependence of the susceptibility $\chi(T)$ above the
blocking temperature is obtained. The derived expression is a generalization of
the Curie law for the case of anisotropic magnetic particles. We show that the
normalized susceptibility is a universal function of the ratio of the
temperature over the anisotropy constant for each angle $\psi$. In the case
that the easy-axis is perpendicular to the magnetic field the susceptibility
has a maximum. The temperature of the maximum allows one to determine the
anisotropy energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74077 </DOCNO>
In-medium pion weak decay constants


  In nuclear matter, the pion weak decay constant is separated into the two
components $f_t, f_s$ corresponding to the time and space components of the
axial-vector current. Using QCD sum rules, we compute the two decay constants
from the pseudoscalar-axial vector correlation function in the matter $i \int
d^4x~ e^{ip\cdot x} < \rho| T[{\bar d}(x) i \gamma_5 u (x)~ {\bar u}(0)
\gamma_\mu \gamma_5 d (0)] | \rho>$. It is found that the sum rule for $f_t$
satisfies the in-medium Gell-Mann--Oakes--Renner (GOR) relation precisely while
the $f_s$ sum rule does not. The $f_s$ sum rule contains the non-negligible
contribution from the dimension 5 condensate $<{\bar q} i D_0 iD_0 q >_N +
{1\over 8} < {\bar q} g_s \sigma \cdot {\cal G} q >_N$ in addition to the
in-medium quark condensate. Using standard set of QCD parameters and ignoring
the in-medium change of the pion mass, we obtain $f_t =105$ MeV at the nuclear
saturation density. The prediction for $f_s$ depends on values of the dimension
5 condensate and on the Borel mass. However, the OPE constrains that $f_s/f_t
\ge 1 $, which does not agree with the prediction from the in-medium chiral
perturbation theory. Depending on the value of the dimension 5 condensate,
$f_s$ at the saturation density is found to be in the range $ 112 \sim 134$ MeV
at the Borel mass $M^2 \sim 1$ GeV$^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96729 </DOCNO>
Parametrization of the moduli space of flat SL(2,R) connections on the


  The moduli space of flat SL(2,R)-connections modulo gauge transformations on
the torus may be described by ordered pairs of commuting SL(2,R) matrices
modulo simultaneous conjugation by SL(2,R) matrices. Their spectral properties
allow a classification of the equivalence classes, and a unique canonical form
is given for each of these. In this way the moduli space becomes explicitly
parametrized, and has a simple structure, resembling that of a cell complex,
allowing it to be depicted. Finally, a Hausdorff topology based on this
classification and parametrization is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129029 </DOCNO>
Mass loss from galaxies: feeding the IGM, recycling in the IGM


  As a result of internal processes or environmental effects like ram-pressure
stripping or collisions, galaxies lose a significant part of their stellar and
gaseous content. Whereas the impact of such stripping on galaxy evolution has
been well studied, much less attention has been given to the fate of the
expelled material in the intergalactic or intracluster medium (IGM/ICM).
Observational evidence exists showing that a fraction of the injected matter is
actually recycled to form a new generation of galaxies, such as the Tidal Dwarf
Galaxies discovered near numerous interacting systems. Using a set of
multiwavelength data, we are now able to roughly analyze the processes
pertaining to their formation: from an instability in the HI clouds, through
the formation of molecular gas, and to the onset of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6306 </DOCNO>
Spatial decay of the single-particle density matrix in insulators:


  Analytic results for the asymptotic decay of the electron density matrix in
insulators have been obtained in all three dimensions ($D=1 - 3$) for a
tight-binding model defined on a simple cubic lattice. The anisotropic decay
length is shown to be dependent on the energy parameters of the model. The
existence of the power-law prefactor, $+AFw-propto r^{-D/2}$, is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123546 </DOCNO>
The peculiar supernova remnant CTB 80


  Deep CCD exposures of the peculiar supernova remnant CTB 80 in the light of
major optical lines have been obtained. These images reveal significant shock
heated emission in the area of the remnant. The sulfur line image shows
emission in the north along the outer boundary of the IRAS and HI shells. The
comparison between the [OIII] and [OII] line images further suggest the
presence of significant inhomogeneities in the interstellar medium. The flux
calibrated images do not indicate the presence of incomplete recombination
zones, and we estimate that the densities of the preshock clouds should not
exceed a few atoms per cm^3. The area covered by the optical radiation along
with the radio emission at 1410 MHz suggest that CTB 80 occupies a larger
angular extent than was previously known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73237 </DOCNO>
rho -> pi pi decay in nuclear medium


  We calculate the medium modifications of the rho pi pi vertex in a
relativistic hadronic framework, incorporating nucleons and Delta(1232)
isobars. We find a substantial increase of the rho pi pi coupling, dominated by
processes where the Delta is excited. The coupling depends significantly on the
virtuality of the rho, which is related to analytic properties of the vertex
function. We analyze the general case of a non-zero three-momentum of the rho
with respect to the nuclear medium, and evaluate the resulting widths and
spectral strength in the transverse and longitudinal channels for the rho -> pi
pi decay. These widths are used to obtain the dilepton yields from rho decays
in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76407 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Strings in a Braneworld Theory with Metastable Gravitons


  If the graviton possesses an arbitrarily small (but nonvanishing) mass,
perturbation theory implies that cosmic strings have a nonzero Newtonian
potential. Nevertheless in Einstein gravity, where the graviton is strictly
massless, the Newtonian potential of a cosmic string vanishes. This discrepancy
is an example of the van Dam--Veltman--Zakharov (VDVZ) discontinuity. We
present a solution for the metric around a cosmic string in a braneworld theory
with a graviton metastable on the brane. This theory possess those features
that yield a VDVZ discontinuity in massive gravity, but nevertheless is
generally covariant and classically self-consistent. Although the cosmic string
in this theory supports a nontrivial Newtonian potential far from the source,
one can recover the Einstein solution in a region near the cosmic string. That
latter region grows proportionally to the evaporation length of the graviton
(analogous to an inverse graviton mass), suggesting the lack of a VDVZ
discontinuity in this theory. Moreover, the presence of scale dependent
structure in the metric may have consequences for the search for cosmic strings
through gravitational lensing techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123718 </DOCNO>
Modeling Flares Produced in Blazars


  We model light curves of flares observed in blazars, assuming that they are
produced by relativistic electrons/positrons injected by forward-reverse shocks
traveling down the jet with relativistic speeds. We approximate the radiating
region as a thin shell enclosed between the two shock fronts. In addition to
the conventional radiation processes such as synchrotron radiation and its
Comptonization, we take into account Comptonization of light originating in the
broad emission line region, and Comptonization of IR radiation from hot dust.
We demonstrate that flares produced in the adiabatic regime decay much slower
than flares produced in the radiative regime. The lack of such a difference
between the X-ray and $\gamma$-ray flares in 3C279 strongly supports the
synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) mechanism as responsible for X-ray production in
this object. Finally, we discuss a possible scenario which can explain the
`cooling' nature of the MeV peak in blazars by comparing the flares produced in
soft $\gamma$-ray band and above 100 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124949 </DOCNO>
Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Accretion Disks around a Weakly


  We carried out two dimensional high-resolution magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
simulations of an accretion disk around a weakly magnetized neutron star.
General relativistic effects are taken into account by using pseudo-Newtonian
potential of Pacz\'{y}nski, B., P. J. Witta (1980). When magnetic loops connect
the neutron star and the accretion disk, the twist injection from the disk or
from the rotating neutron star triggers expansion of the loops. Since the
expanding magnetic loops prevent inflow toward the magnetic poles of the
neutron star, disk matter accumulates on the boundary between the magnetosphere
and the disk. Magnetic reconnection taking place in the loops creates a channel
along which the disk matter can accrete and unloads the magnetosphere. This
process produces quasi-periodic variation of the accretion flow in the
innermost region of the disk. We found two kinds of oscillations. One is the
magnetospheric oscillation regulated by magnetic reconnection. The other is the
radial disk oscillation. The typical frequency of the oscillations is 100 Hz to
2 kHz. Furthermore, we predict that QPO sources inevitably accompany X-ray
flares by magnetic reconnection and bipolar outflows of hot X-ray emitting
plasma similar to the optical jets in protostars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6509 </DOCNO>
Spin glasses at imaginary temperature


  We consider spherical p-spin glass and p-spin glass models at imaginary
temperatures. Imaginary temperatures are special case, when order parameters
are real value numbers. Here there is a some antiferromagnetic like order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114219 </DOCNO>
A quasi classical approach to electron impact ionization


  A quasi classical approximation to quantum mechanical scattering in the
Moeller formalism is developed. While keeping the numerical advantage of a
standard Classical--Trajectory--Monte--Carlo calculation, our approach is no
longer restricted to use stationary initial distributions. This allows one to
improve the results by using better suited initial phase space distributions
than the microcanonical one and to gain insight into the collision mechanism by
studying the influence of different initial distributions on the cross section.
A comprehensive account of results for single, double and triple differential
cross sections for atomic hydrogen will be given, in comparison with experiment
and other theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86837 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity on the Classical Background: Group Analysis, Part I


  Quantization of gravitational field in the neighbourhood of exact solution of
Einstein equation is considered. The method of Bogoliubov group variables is
used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168885 </DOCNO>
Schmidt number of pure states in bipartite quantum systems as an


  Our previous work about algebraic-geometric invariants of the mixed states
are extended and a stronger separability criterion is given. We also show that
the Schmidt number of pure states in bipartite quantum systems, a classical
concept, is actually an algebraic-geometric invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98111 </DOCNO>
An effective algorithm for the cohomology ring of symplectic reductions


  Let G be a compact torus acting on a compact symplectic manifold M in a
Hamiltonian fashion, and T a subtorus of G. We prove that the kernel of
$\kappa:H_G^*(M)\to H^*(M//G)$ is generated by a small number of classes
$\alpha\in H_G^*(M)$ satisfying very explicit restriction properties. Our main
tool is the equivariant Kirwan map, a natural map from the G-equivariant
cohomology of M to the G/T-equivariant cohomology of the symplectic reduction
of M by T. We show this map is surjective. This is an equivariant version of
the well-known result that the (nonequivariant) Kirwan map $\kappa:H_G^*(M)\to
H^*(M//G)$ is surjective. We also compute the kernel of the equivariant Kirwan
map, generalizing the result due to Tolman and Weitsman in the case T=G and
allowing us to apply their methods inductively. This result is new even in the
case that dim T = 1. We close with a worked example: the cohomology ring of the
product of two $\C P^2$s, quotiented by the diagonal 2-torus action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149911 </DOCNO>
The quantum Hilbert space of a chiral two-form in d = 5 + 1 dimensions


  We consider the quantum theory of a two-form gauge field on a space-time
which is a direct product of time and a spatial manifold, taken to be a compact
five-manifold with no torsion in its cohomology. We show that the Hilbert space
of this non-chiral theory is a certain subspace of a tensor product of two
spaces, that are naturally interpreted as the Hilbert spaces of a chiral and
anti-chiral two-form theory respectively. We also study the observable
operators in the non-chiral theory that correspond to the electric and magnetic
field strengths, the Hamiltonian, and the exponentiated holonomy of the
gauge-field around a spatial two-cycle. All these operators can be decomposed
into contributions pertaining to the chiral and anti-chiral sectors of the
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74435 </DOCNO>
QCD and Diffraction


  I review some of the main results on hard diffraction, in their relation to
QCD, and indicate some of the strengths and weaknesses of the arguments. I also
make some suggestions for future work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75039 </DOCNO>
Doublet-Triplet Splitting in Realistic Heterotic String Derived models


  There has been recently a surge of interest in Grand Unified Theories on
orbifolds of higher dimensional spaces. In particular, the higher dimensional
doublet-triplet splitting mechanism has been of much interest. I revisit the
superstring doublet-triplet splitting mechanism in which the color triplets
are projected out by the GSO projections, while leaving the electroweak
doublets in the physical spectrum. The connection with the higher dimensional
theories is elucidated. It is shown that the doublet-triplet splitting depends
crucially on the assignment of boundary conditions in the compactified
directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73608 </DOCNO>
Interplay of soft and hard processes and hadron $p_T$ spectra in $pA$


  Motivated by a schematic model of multiple parton scattering within the
Glauber formalism, the transverse momentum spectra in $pA$ and $AA$ collisions
are analyzed in terms of a nuclear modification factor with respect to $pp$
collisions. The existing data at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS)
energies are shown to be consistent with the picture of Glauber multiple
scattering in which the interplay between soft and hard processes and the
effect of absorptive processes lead to nontrivial nuclear modification of the
particle spectra. Relative to the additive model of incoherent hard scattering,
the spectra are enhanced at large $p_T$ (hard) by multiple scattering while
suppressed at low $p_T$ (soft) by absorptive correction with the transition
occurring at around a scale $p_0\sim 1-2$ GeV/$c$ that separates soft and hard
processes. Around the same scale, the $p_T$ spectra in $pp$ collisions also
change from an exponential form at low $p_T$ to a power-law behavior at high
$p_T$. At very large $p_T\gg p_0$, the nuclear enhancement is shown to decrease
like $1/p_T^2$. Implications of these nuclear effects on the study of jet
quenching, parton thermalization and collective radial flow in high-energy $AA$
collisions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97834 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of groups of diffeomorphisms related to the modules of


  Let $M$ be a manifold and $T^*M$ be the cotangent bundle. We troduce
1-cocycle on the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$ with value in the space of
linear differ ential operators acting on $C^{\infty}(T^*M)$. We use this
1-cocycle to exhibit 1-cocycles generating the first-cohomology group of the
group of diffeomorphisms of $M$ with coefficients in the space of linear
differential operators acting on contravariant tensor fields on $M$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4052 </DOCNO>
Reversible stretching of homopolymers and random heteropolymers


  We have analyzed the equilibrium response of chain molecules to stretching.
For a homogeneous sequence of monomers, the induced transition from compact
globule to extended coil below the $\theta$-temperature is predicted to be
sharp. For random sequences, however, the transition may be smoothed by a
prevalence of necklace-like structures, in which globular regions and coil
regions coexist in a single chain. As we show in the context of a random
copolymer, preferential solvation of one monomer type lends stability to such
structures. The range of stretching forces over which necklaces are stable is
sensitive to chain length as well as sequence statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179432 </DOCNO>
Wobbling motion coupled to gamma vibration at high spin


  We report a solution of the tilted-axis cranked HFB equation for $^{164}$Hf,
which shows wobbling motion coupled to gamma vibration at high spin ($J\simeq
60\hbar$). Possible anharmonicity and splitting of energy levels are also
discussed as a consequence of the wobbling motion with large amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168307 </DOCNO>
Toward the Quantum Design of Multichannel Systems (The Inverse Problem


  The multichannel generalization of the theory of spectral, scattering and
decay control is presented. New universal algorithms of construction of complex
quantum systems with given properties are suggested. Particularly,
transformations of interaction matrices leading to the concentration of waves
in a chosen partial channel and spatial localization are shown. The limiting
instructive cases illustrating different phenomena which occur with the
combination of 'incompatible' properties are considered. For example, the
scattering solutions with different resonance widths at the same energy for the
same interaction are revealed. Analogously, a 'paradoxical' coexistence of both
strong reflection and absolute transparency is explained. The case of the
violation of 'natural' asymptotic behavior of partial wave function is
demonstrated : it has a greater damping decrement for the channel with a lower
threshold. Peculiarities of the multichannel periodic structures, bound states
embedded into continuum, resonance tunneling and degeneracy of states are
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125897 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations of Cluster Mergers: Cluster Morphologies and Their


  X-ray observations have played a key role in the study of substructure and
merging in galaxy clusters. I review the evidence for cluster substructure and
mergers obtained from X-ray observations with satellites that operated before
Chandra and XMM. Different techniques to study cluster mergers via X-ray
imaging and spectral data are discussed with an emphasis on the quantitative
analysis of cluster morphologies. I discuss the implications of measurements of
cluster morphologies for cosmology and the origin of radio halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3492 </DOCNO>
RHEED Studies of Epitaxial Oxide Seed-Layer Growth on RABiTS Ni(001):


  The epitaxial deposition of the first oxide buffer layer (seed layer) on
biaxially textured Ni tape for coated conductors is a critical step that is
dependent on the atomistic surface condition of the metal. We present a study
of the {100}<100> biaxially textured Ni (001) surface and seed-layer growth
using in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and Auger
electron spectroscopy (AES). Our observations are consistent with formation of
a c(2 x 2) 2-D superstructure due to surface segregation of sulfur contained in
the metal. We show that this superstructure can have a dramatic effect on the
heteroepitaxial growth of oxide seed layers. In particular, the surface
superstructure promotes the (200) epitaxial oxide growth of Y2O3-stabilized
ZrO2 (YSZ), which is necessary for the development of high-Jc superconducting
films for coated conductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 979 </DOCNO>
Addendum to "Nonlinear quantum evolution with maximal entropy


  The author calls attention to previous work with related results, which has
escaped scrutiny before the publication of the article "Nonlinear quantum
evolution with maximal entropy production", Phys.Rev.A63, 022105 (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126914 </DOCNO>
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Gravitationally Lensed


  We report the results of HST WFPC2 broadband F555W and F702W photometric and
F555W polarimetric observations of the "Cloverleaf" QSO H1413+1143. This is a
four-component gravitationally-lensed broad absorption line (BAL) QSO.
Observations were obtained at two epochs in March 1999 and June 1999 separated
by about 100 days. The goal of our program was to detect any relative changes
among the components and between the two epochs. Over this time baseline we
detected an approximately 0.07 mag dimming in component D of the lensed image,
which we interpret as evidence for microlensing. In March 1999 we find
significant evidence for a difference in the relative linear polarization of
component D in comparison to the other three components; in June 1999 the
combined polarization of the Cloverleaf components was lower. In March 1999 the
apparently microlensed component D has a rotated polarization position angle
and a somewhat higher degree of polarization than the other three components.
We suggest that this difference in polarization is due to microlensing
magnification of part of a scattered-light (i.e. polarized) continuum-producing
region. The results indicate that in the Cloverleaf the size-scale of the
polarized scattered-light region exceeds about 10^{16} cm but lies interior to
the region producing the broad emission lines (< 10^{18} cm).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6151 </DOCNO>
Effective nuclear temperature in a fluctuating spin system


  We report on very low temperature (27 mK) Mossbauer absorption spectra on Gd
155 in the Heisenberg frustrated antiferromagnets Gd2 Sn2 O7 (GdSn) and Gd2 Ti2
O7. We show that electronic fluctuations of correlated Gd3+ moments are present
near T=0 in GdSn by observing that the hyperfine levels are out of equilibrium.
Using a model spin 1/2 system, submitted to a magnetic (hyperfine) field
reversing randomly in time, we find an analytical expression for the stationary
probability distribution of the level populations (or magnetization). This
quantity is a simple function of the ratio of the nuclear relaxation time to
the average electronic flip time. These two time scales are found to be of the
same magnitude in GdSn, and we discuss a relevant mechanism for nuclear
relaxation and the influence of electronic fluctuations on the nuclear specific
heat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96023 </DOCNO>
Classification theorems for the C*-algebras of graphs with sinks


  We consider graphs E which have been obtained by adding one or more sinks to
a fixed directed graph G. We classify the C*-algebra of E up to a very strong
equivalence relation, which insists, loosely speaking, that C*(G) is kept
fixed. The main invariants are vectors W_E : G^0 -> N which describe how the
sinks are attached to G; more precisely, the invariants are the classes of the
W_E in the cokernel of the map A-I, where A is the adjacency matrix of the
graph G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99234 </DOCNO>
On $C^*$-algebras Associated to Certain Endomorphisms of Discrete Groups


  Let \alpha:G --> G be an endomorphism of a discrete amenable group such that
[G:\alpha(G)]<infinity. We study the structure of the C^* algebra generated by
the left convolution operators acting on the left regular representation space,
along with the isometry of the space induced by the endomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77149 </DOCNO>
Quantum Corrections to the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m and Kerr-Newman


  We use effective field theory techniques to examine the quantum corrections
to the gravitational metrics of charged particles, with and without spin. In
momentum space the masslessness of the photon implies the presence of
nonanalytic pieces $\sim \sqrt{-q^2},q^2\log -q^2$ etc. in the form factors of
the energy-momentum tensor. We show how the former reproduces the classical
non-linear terms of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m and Kerr-Newman metrics while
the latter can be interpreted as quantum corrections to these metrics, of order
$G\alpha\hbar/mr^3$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124795 </DOCNO>
General-Relativistic Curvature of Pulsar Vortex Structure


  The motion of a neutron superfluid condensate in a pulsar is studied. Several
theorems of general-relativistic hydrodynamics are proved for a superfluid. The
average density distribution of vortex lines in pulsars and their
general-relativistic curvature are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128037 </DOCNO>
The potential of near-infrared high-resolution studies on the field of


  So far, high resolution techniques on the one hand provide morphological
information on bright nearby objects. On the other hand, telescopes with large
collecting areas allow us to detect very faint and distant objects, but not to
obtain a spatial resolution which is sufficient for detailed morphological
studies. Currently, the construction of large optical and infrared
interferometers like the Keck Interferometer, the Very Large Telescope
Interferometer (VLTI) and the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI)
is in progress. These instruments will simultaneously provide larger collecting
areas and higher spatial resolutions than current instruments. Thus, they might
enable for the first time near-infrared studies of galaxies in the young
universe with an absolute spatial resolution as available today only for the
closest galaxies. Using recent results in the field of high resolution studies
of nearby galaxies, a rough idea of what might be expected to be observed is
given. The concepts of the forthcoming interferometers is reviewed and
technical aspects that are essential for observations of distant galactic
centers are discussed. An outlook is given on which observational tasks can be
addressed to these instruments and how the results will increase our knowledge
in the field of the evolution of galaxies and the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73053 </DOCNO>
Random matrix study of the phase structure of QCD with two colors


  We apply a random matrix model to the study of the phase diagram of QCD with
two colors, two flavors, and a small quark mass. Although the effects of
temperature are only included schematically, this model reproduces most of the
ground state predictions of chiral perturbation theory and also gives a
qualitative picture of the phase diagram at all temperatures. It leads,
however, to an unphysical behavior of the chiral order parameter and the baryon
density in vacuum and does not support diquark condensation at arbitrarily high
densities. A better treatment of temperature dependence leads to correct vacuum
and small temperature properties. We compare our results at both high and low
densities with the results of microscopic calculations using the
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and discuss the effects of large momentum scales on
the variations of condensation fields with chemical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149459 </DOCNO>
Character Expansions for the Orthogonal and Symplectic Groups


  Formulas for the expansion of arbitrary invariant group functions in terms of
the characters for the Sp(2N), SO(2N+1), and SO(2N) groups are derived using a
combinatorial method. The method is similar to one used by Balantekin to expand
group functions over the characters of the U(N) group. All three expansions
have been checked for all N by using them to calculate the known expansions of
the generating function of the homogeneous symmetric functions. An expansion of
the exponential of the traces of group elements, appearing in the finite-volume
gauge field partition functions, is worked out for the orthogonal and
symplectic groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73165 </DOCNO>
Extreme-Energy Cosmic Rays: Puzzles, Models, and Maybe Neutrinos


  The observation of twenty cosmic-ray air-showers at and above 10^{20} eV
poses fascinating problems for particle astrophysics: how the primary particles
are accelerated to these energies, how the primaries get here through the 2.7K
microwave background filling the Universe, and how the highest-energy events
exhibit clustering on few-degree angular scales on the sky when charged
particles are expected be bent by cosmic magnetic fields. An overview of the
puzzles is presented, followed by a brief discussion of many of the models
proposed to solve these puzzles. Emphasis is placed on (i) the signatures by
which cosmic ray experiments in the near future will discriminate among the
many proposed models, and (ii) the role neutrino primaries may play in
resolving the observational issues. It is an exciting prospect that
highest-energy cosmic rays may have already presented us with new physics not
accessible in terrestrial accelerator searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126309 </DOCNO>
Mass Follows Light


  We use comparisons between the shapes of gravitational lens galaxies and
models for their mass distributions to derive statistical constraints on the
alignment of the mass distribution relative to the observed lens galaxy and on
the strength of tidal shear perturbations. The mass distributions are aligned
with the luminous galaxies, with a 10 degree upper limit on the rms dispersion
in the angle between the major axes. Statistical constraints, such as our bound
on the misalignment between mass and light, are an important new approach to
reducing the uncertainties in individual lens models, particularly for lenses
used to estimate the Hubble constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6052 </DOCNO>
A spin Esaki diode


  We demonstrate electrical electron spin injection via interband tunneling in
ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic semiconductor Esaki diodes. An interband tunnel
junction between ferromagnetic p+-(Ga,Mn)As and nonmagnetic n+-GaAs under
reverse-bias allows spin-polarized tunneling of electrons from the valence band
of (Ga,Mn)As to the conduction band of n+-GaAs. The spin polarization of
tunneled electrons is probed by circular polarization of electroluminescence
(EL) from an n-GaAs/InGaAs/p-GaAs light emitting structure integrated with the
diode. Clear hysteresis loop with +-6.5% remanence is observed in the
magnetic-field dependence of the EL polarization at 6 K, below the Curie
temperature of (Ga,Mn)As.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125582 </DOCNO>
A SCUBA survey of the NGC 2068/2071 protoclusters


  We report the results of a submillimeter dust continuum survey of the
protoclusters NGC 2068 and NGC 2071 in Orion B carried out at 850 microns and
450 microns with SCUBA on JCMT. The mapped region is ~ 32' x 18' in size (~ 4
pc x 2 pc) and consists of filamentary dense cores which break up into
small-scale (~ 5000 AU) fragments, including 70 starless condensations and 5
circumstellar envelopes/disks. The starless condensations, seen on the same
spatial scales as protostellar envelopes, are likely to be gravitationally
bound and pre-stellar in nature. Their mass spectrum, ranging from ~ 0.3 Msun
to ~ 5 Msun, is reminiscent of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). Their
mass-size relation suggests that they originate from gravitationally-driven
fragmentation. We thus argue that pre-collapse cloud fragmentation plays a
major role in shaping the IMF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72842 </DOCNO>
Resummation of target mass corrections in two-photon processes:


  We develop a formalism for the resummation of target mass corrections in
off-forward two-photon amplitudes given by a chronological product of
electromagnetic currents, arising in e.g. deeply virtual Compton scattering.
The method is based on a relation of composite operators with a definite twist
to harmonic tensors, which form an irreducible representation of the Lorentz
group. We give an application of the framework for the matrix elements of
twist-two operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41471 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Branching Fraction for B^+ --> K^{*0} pi^+


  We present a preliminary result of the branching fraction for the B meson
decay to the final state K^+pi^-pi^+ via an intermediate K^{*0} resonance using
the sample of approximately 23 million B-anti-B mesons produced at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP II e+e- collider. The
K^{*0} was detected through the decay to the final state K^+pi^-. The result of
this analysis is BF(B^+ --> K^{*0} pi^+) = (15.5 +/- 3.4 +/- 1.8) x 10^{-6}
where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 820 </DOCNO>
High Tc superconductivity at a critical strain and charge density in


  We report variation of lattice structure in diborides (AB2) with different A
atoms to identify the special case of MgB2 showing high Tc superconductivity.
High purity MgB2 (Tc~39 K) has been prepared by direct reaction of the elements
and the lattice parameters are measured by x-ray diffraction determining the
strain e of the B-B distance. The results show that the superconductivity in
these intermetallics appear near a critical point in a two variables (strain
and charge density) phase diagram at (ec, rc).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126234 </DOCNO>
The Thermal X-ray Emitting Shell of LMC Supernova Remnant 0540-693


  We use data from the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) on the Chandra
X-ray Observatory to image the shell surrounding the pulsar B0540-69, and to
measure its spectral properties. Weak emission line features, notably of Fe, Mg
and Si, indicate that the shell is composed primarily of ambient material
heated by the blast wave. The shell emission in the east is faint and circular
in appearance, with a temperature and ionization age of approximately 5 keV and
10^10 cm^-3 s, respectively. The emission in the west is brighter and has a
more complex, distorted morphology, and is fitted with significantly lower
average temperatures and higher ionization ages. An image with photon energies
above 2 keV shows two hard arcs of emission located diametrically opposite each
other at the outer boundary of the remnant shell; the spectra from these
regions could include a substantial nonthermal component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129661 </DOCNO>
Lens Galaxies vs. CDM


  By directly probing mass distributions, gravitational lensing offers several
new tests of the CDM paradigm. Lens statistics place upper limits on the dark
matter content of elliptical galaxies. Galaxies built from CDM mass
distributions are too concentrated to satisfy these limits, so lensing extends
the ``concentration problem'' in CDM to elliptical galaxies. The central
densities of the model galaxies are too low on ~10 pc scales to agree with the
lack of central images in observed lenses. The flux ratios of four-image lenses
imply a substantial population of dark matter clumps with a typical mass ~10^6
Msun. Thus, lensing implies the need for a mechanism that reduces dark matter
densities on kiloparsec scales without erasing structure on smaller scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127551 </DOCNO>
Mg_2-sigma in Early-Type Galaxies and Spiral Bulges


  We analyze new measurements of the Mg_2 central line strength index and
velocity dispersion (sigma) for the galaxies of the ENEAR survey. The
observations are now complete (da Costa et al. 2000) and the sample contains
1223 early-type galaxies. We also analyze the line strength indices for a
sample of 95 spiral bulges (from Sa to Sbc). For the early-type galaxies we
find: i) that the Mg_2-sigma relation for Es and S0s are nearly the same, with
both populations showing comparable scatter, and ii) a marginal difference in
the slope of the Mg_2-sigma relation for cluster and field early-type galaxies.
However, we suggest that before interpreting such a difference in the framework
of a mass-metallicity relation, it is important to take into account the
effects of rotation in the Mg_2-sigma relation. Our preliminary results
indicate that once the rotation effects are minimized by choosing a sample
containing only slow rotators, the Mg_2-sigma relation is similar both for
isolated and clustered galaxies. More data on rotational velocities of
early-type galaxies are needed to confirm this result. For spiral bulges, we
find that their locus in the Mg_2-sigma plane lies always below the one
occupied by early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169463 </DOCNO>
Range Theorems for Quantum Probability and Entanglement


  We consider the set of all matrices of the form $p_{ij}=tr[W(E_{i}\otimes
F_{j})]$ where $E_{i}$, $F_{j}$ are projections on a Hilbert space $H$, and $W$
is some state on $H\otimes H$. We derive the basic properties of this set,
compare it with the classical range of probability, and note how its properties
may be related to geometric measures of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6606 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of La-substituted Bi-2201 crystals


  The superconducting gap Delta has been measured in Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+d single
crystals in a wide range of temperatures 4.2 K < T < Tc by point-contact and
tunnelling spectroscopy for current in c-direction. The value of Delta(4.2 K)
was found to scale with the critical temperature Tc in the whole range of
doping levels with the ratio 2D/kTc = 12.5 +/- 2. The closing of the gap Ds at
T = Tc has been registered in the underdoped, optimally doped as well as in the
overdoped sam-ples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97749 </DOCNO>
A Priori Estimates for the Global Error Committed by Runge-Kutta Methods


  The Alekseev-Gr{\"o}bner lemma is combined with the theory of modified
equations to obtain an \emph{a priori} estimate for the global error of
numerical integrators. This estimate is correct up to a remainder term of order
$h^{2p}$, where $h$ denotes the step size and $p$ the order of the method. It
is applied to a class of nonautonomous linear oscillatory equations, which
includes the Airy equation, thereby improving prior work which only gave the
$h^p$ term.
  Next, nonlinear oscillators whose behaviour is described by the Emden-Fowler
equation $y'' + t^\nu y^n = 0$ are considered, and global errors committed by
Runge-Kutta methods are calculated. Numerical experiments show that the
resulting estimates are generally accurate. The main conclusion is that we need
to do a full calculation to obtain good estimates: the behaviour is different
from the linear case, it is not sufficient to look only at the leading term,
and merely considering the local error does not provide an accurate picture
either.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2010 </DOCNO>
Optical studies of charge dynamics in the optimally-doped Bi2212 and the


  An analysis of the frequency-dependent scattering rate reveals signatures of
the superconducting gap as well as the pseudogap in high-T_c cuprates. These
features can be identified in the temperature-dependent spectral function
W(omega), inverted from the optical data of the optimally-doped Bi2212 using an
experimentally unambiguous method that shows the behavior of both the maxima
and minima in the spectral function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73238 </DOCNO>
Effect of the scalar condensate on the linear gauge field response in


  The effective equations of motion for low-frequency mean gauge fields in the
Abelian Higgs model are investigated in the presence of a scalar condensate,
near the high temperature equilibrium. We determine the current induced by an
inhomogeneous background gauge field in the linear response approximation up to
order $e^4$, assuming adiabatic variation of the scalar fields. The physical
degrees of freedom are found and a physical gauge choice for the numerical
study of the combined Higgs+gauge evolution is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41796 </DOCNO>
Performance and Simulation of the RICE detector


  The RICE experiment (Radio Ice Cherenkov Experiment) at the South Pole,
co-deployed with the AMANDA experiment, seeks to detect ultra-high energy (UHE)
electron neutrinos interacting in cold polar ice. Such interactions produce
electromagnetic showers, which emit radio-frequency Cherenkov radiation. We
describe the experimental apparatus and the procedures used to measure the
neutrino flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114334 </DOCNO>
HOTLink Rack Monitor


  A remote data acquisition chassis, called a HOTLink Rack Monitor, HRM, has
been developed for use in the Fermilab control system. This chassis provides
for 64 analog input channels, 8 analog output channels, and 8 bytes of digital
I/O. The interface to the host VMEbus crate is by way of a 320 MHz HOTLink
serial connection to a PMC mezzanine module. With no processor intervention,
all data sources in the remote chassis are read at 100 microsec intervals,
timestamped, and stored in a 2 MB circular buffer on the PMC module. In
operation, the memory always contains the most recent 16k samples of 10 kHz
data from all 64 analog input channels. An expansion module that resides in the
HRM chassis records snapshot data for 8 analog channels, each channel
consisting of up to 16k readings, digitized at rates up to 10 MHz. Snapshot
data is also returned and stored in buffers on the PMC module. Because the HRM
presents a memory-mapped interface to the host, it is independent of the
operating system and may be used in any system that supports PMC mezzanine
modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74580 </DOCNO>
Generating Small Numbers by Tunneling in Multi-Throat Compactifications


  A generic F-theory compactification containing many D3 branes develops
multiple brane throats. The interaction of observers residing inside different
throats involves tunneling suppression and, as a result, is very weak. This
suggests a new mechanism for generating small numbers in Nature. One
application is to the hierarchy problem: large supersymmetry breaking near the
unification scale inside a shallow throat causes TeV-scale SUSY-breaking inside
the standard-model throat. Another application, inspired by nuclear-decay, is
in designing naturally long-lived particles: a cold dark matter particle
residing near the standard model brane decays to an approximate CFT-state of a
longer throat within a Hubble time. This suggests that most of the mass of the
universe today could consist of CFT-matter and may soften structure formation
at sub-galactic scales. The tunneling calculation demonstrates that the
coupling between two throats is dominated by higher dimensional modes and
consequently is much larger than a naive application of holography might
suggest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2498 </DOCNO>
Writhing Photons and Berry Phases in Diffusive Wave Scattering


  We study theoretically the polarization state of light in multiple scattering
media in the limit of weak gradients in refractive index. Linearly polarized
photons are randomly rotated due to the Berry phase associated with the
scattering path. For circularly polarized light independent speckle patterns
are found for the two helical states. The statistics of the geometric phase is
related to the writhe distribution of semiflexible polymers such as DNA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73047 </DOCNO>
Higgs and SUSY Higgs bosons at future linear collider


  Theoretical overview on phenomenology of Higgs boson and SUSY Higgs boson at
a future linear collider experiment is given as a Higgs and SUSY Higgs working
group summary report for LCWS 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1771 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous magnetization of aluminum nanowires deposited on the


  We investigate electronic structures of Al quantum wires, both unsupported
and supported on the (100) NaCl surface, using the density-functional theory.
We confirm that unsupported nanowires, constrained to be linear, show
magnetization when elongated beyond the equilibrium length. Allowing ions to
relax, the wires deform to zig-zag structures with lower magnetization but no
dimerization occurs. When an Al wire is deposited on the NaCl surface, a
zig-zag geometry emerges again. The magnetization changes moderately from that
for the corresponding unsupported wire. We analyse the findings using electron
band structures and simple model wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75743 </DOCNO>
I=2 Pion Scattering Length from a Coarse Anisotropic Lattice Calculation


  Using the tadpole improved clover Wilson quark action on coarse anisotropic
lattices, the $\pi\pi$ scattering length in the I=2 channel is calculated
within quenched approximation. We show that such a calculation is feasible
using small lattices on small computers provided that the finite volume and
finite lattice spacing errors are under control. Our results are extrapolated
towards the chiral, infinite volume and continuum limit. Comparisons of our
results with previous lattice results from JLQCD collaboration, the new results
from E865 experiment, and the results from Chiral Perturbation Theory are made.
Good agreements are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97743 </DOCNO>
The injective spectrum of a noncommutative space


  For a noncommutative space X, we study Inj(X), the set of isomorphism classes
of indecomposable injective X-modules. In particular, we look at how this set,
suitably topologized, can be viewed as an underlying "spectrum" for X. As
applications we discuss noncommutative notions of irreducibility and
integrality, and a way of associating an integral subspace of X to each element
of Inj(X) which behaves like a "weak point."

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124670 </DOCNO>
Effect of Dust Extinction on Estimating Star Formation Rate of Galaxies:


  We re-examine the effect of Lyman continuum ($\lambda \leq 912$ \AA)
extinction (LCE) by dust in H {\sc ii} regions in detail and discuss how it
affects the estimation of the global star formation rate (SFR) of galaxies. To
clarify the first issue, we establish two independent methods for estimating a
parameter of LCE ($f$), which is defined as the fraction of Lyman continuum
photons contributing to hydrogen ionization in an H {\sc ii} region. One of
those methods determines $f$ from the set of Lyman continuum flux, electron
density and metallicity. In the framework of this method, as the metallicity
and/or the Lyman photon flux increase, $f$ is found to decrease. The other
method determines $f$ from the ratio of infrared flux to Lyman continuum flux.
Importantly, we show that $f \la 0.5$ via both methods in many H {\sc ii}
regions of the Galaxy. Thus, it establishes that dust in such H {\sc ii}
regions absorbs significant amount of Lyman continuum photons directly. To
examine the second issue, we approximate $f$ to a function of only the
dust-to-gas mass ratio (i.e., metallicity), assuming a parameter fit for the
Galactic H {\sc ii} regions. We find that a characteristic $\hat{f}$, which is
defined as $f$ averaged over a galaxy-wide scale, is 0.3 for the nearby spiral
galaxies. This relatively small $\hat{f}$ indicates that a typical increment
factor due to LCE for estimating the global SFR ($1/\hat{f}$) is large ($\sim
3$) for the nearby spiral galaxies. Therefore, we conclude that the effect of
LCE is not negligible relative to other uncertainties of estimating the SFR of
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 446 </DOCNO>
Ising Dipoles on the Triangular Lattice


  A cluster Monte Carlo method for systems of classical spins with purely
dipolar couplings is presented. It is tested and applied for finite arrays of
perpendicular Ising dipoles on the triangular lattice. This model is a
modification with long-range interactions of the geometrically frustrated Ising
antiferromagnet. From measurements of integrated autocorrelation times for
energy, magnetization and staggered magnetizations, a high efficiency of the
cluster Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm compared to a single-spin-flip algorithm is
found. For the investigated model, a finite temperature transition is found
which is characterized by a peak in the specific heat and in the staggered
susceptibilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97122 </DOCNO>
Finite dimensional Realizations of Stochastic Equations


  This paper discusses finite-dimensional (Markovian) realizations (FDRs) for
Heath-Jarrow-Morton interest rate models. We consider a d-dimensional
driving Brownian motion and stochastic volatility structures that are
non-degenerate smooth functionals of the current forward rate. In a recent
paper, Bj\"ork and Svensson give sufficient and necessary conditions for the
existence of FDRs within a particular Hilbert space setup. We extend their
framework, provide new results on the geometry of the implied FDRs and classify
all of them. In particular, we prove their conjecture that every short rate
realization is 2-dimensional. More generally, we show that all generic FDRs are
at least (d+1)-dimensional and that all generic FDRs are affine. As an
illustration we sketch an interest rate model, which goes well with the
Svensson curve-fitting method. These results cannot be obtained in the
Bj\"ork-Svensson setting.
  A substantial part of this paper is devoted to analysis on Fr\'echet spaces,
where we derive a Frobenius theorem. Though we only consider stochastic
equations in the HJM-framework, many of the results carry over to a more
general setup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168606 </DOCNO>
Secrecy, Computational Loads and Rates in Practical Quantum Cryptography


  A number of questions associated with practical implementations of quantum
cryptography systems having to do with unconditional secrecy, computational
loads and effective secrecy rates in the presence of perfect and imperfect
sources are discussed. The different types of unconditional secrecy, and their
relationship to general communications security, are discussed in the context
of quantum cryptography. In order to actually carry out a quantum cryptography
protocol it is necessary that sufficient computational resources be available
to perform the various processing steps, such as sifting, error correction,
privacy amplification and authentication. We display the full computer machine
instruction requirements needed to support a practical quantum cryptography
implementation. We carry out a numerical comparison of system performance
characteristics for implementations that make use of either weak coherent
sources of light or perfect single photon sources, for eavesdroppers
characterized by different levels of technological capability. We find that
while in some circumstances it is best to employ perfect single photon sources,
in other situations it is preferable to utilize weak coherent sources. In
either case the secrecy level of the final shared cipher is identical, with the
relevant distinguishing figure-of-merit being the effective throughput rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179329 </DOCNO>
New Magic Numbers and New Islands of Stability in Drip-Line Regions


  The systematics of the local energies and the two-neutron separation energies
obtained in the mass predictions of infinite nuclear matter model of atomic
nuclei show strong evidence of new neutron magic numbers 100,152,164, new
proton magic number 78 and new islands of stability around N=100, Z $\simeq$
62; N=152,Z=78; and N=164,Z$\simeq$90 in the drip line regions of nuclear
chart,where the usual magic numbers are found to be no more valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87061 </DOCNO>
Turning the Cosmological Constant into Black Holes


  It is known that there is a quantum mechanical tunneling process which,
through nucleation of a membrane, induces a transition between two de Sitter
spaces, lowering the cosmological constant. It is shown in this paper that a
different, new, membrane nucleation process exists, which, in addition to
lowering the cosmological constant, leaves a black hole behind. Once a black
hole is present, the relaxation of the cosmological constant may proceed via an
analog of the old process, which decreases the black hole horizon area, or via
the new process, which increases it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123646 </DOCNO>
A Differential Spectroscopic Analysis of 16 Cygni A and B


  We utilize high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra to perform a
differential analysis of Fe abundances in the common proper-motion pair 16 Cyg
A and B. We confirm that both stars are slightly metal-rich compared to the
Sun, and we show for the first time that the primary is enhanced in Fe relative
to the secondary by a significant amount. We find Delta[Fe/H]=+0.025\pm0.009.
This tends to support the ``self-pollution'' scenario proposed by Gonzalez
(1998), though lack of a complete understanding of small primordial metallicity
variations among binaries and open cluster members prevents a definitive
conclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75366 </DOCNO>
Low x Scattering as a Critical Phenomenon


  We discuss deep inelastic scattering at low $x$ as a critical phenomenon in
2+1 space-time dimensions. QCD (SU2) near the light cone becomes a critical
theory in the limit of $\lim x \to 0$ with a correlation mass $m(x) \propto
x^{\nu/2}$. We conjecture that the perturbative dipole wave function of the
virtual photon in the region $1/Q<x_{\bot}<1/m$ obeys correlation scaling $\Psi
\propto (x_{\bot})^{-(1+n)}$ before exponentially decaying for distances larger
than the inverse correlation mass. This behavior combined with an $x$
-independent dipole proton cross section gives a longitudinal structure
function which shows the dominant features of the experimental data. For SU3
QCD a similar second order phase transition is possible in the presence of
quark zero modes on the light cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 173 </DOCNO>
Theoretical and Experimental Approach to Spin Dynamics in Thin Magnetic


  The Landau-Lifshitz (L-L) equation describing the time dependence of the
magnetisation vector is numerically integrated fully without any simplifying
assumptions in the time domain and the magnetisation time series obtained is
Fourier transformed (FFT) to yield the permeability spectrum up to 10 GHz. The
non linear results are compared to the experimental results obtained on
magnetic amorphous thin films of Co-Zr, Co-Zr-Re. We analyse our results with
the frequency response obtained directly from the Landau-Lifshitz equation as
well as with the second order Gilbert frequency response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1602 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Dominated Josephson Tunneling with a Scanning Tunneling


  We demonstrate Josephson tunneling in vacuum tunnel junctions formed between
a superconducting scanning tunneling microscope tip and a Pb film, for junction
resistances in the range 50-300 k$\Omega$. We show that the superconducting
phase dynamics is dominated by thermal fluctuations, and that the Josephson
current appears as a peak centered at small finite voltages. In the presence of
microwave fields (f=15.0 GHz) the peak decreases in magnitude and shifts to
higher voltages with increasing rf power, in agreement with theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128335 </DOCNO>
Braking and bouncing


  I discuss the case for an efficient orbital braking mechanism in CVs, and the
effect of nova outbursts on the observed range of mass transfer rates. I review
the continuing problem that models have in interpreting the short-period
cut-off of the CV period distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86653 </DOCNO>
Qualitative Properties of Magnetic Fields in Scalar Field Cosmology


  We study the qualitative properties of the class of spatially homogeneous
Bianchi VI_o cosmological models containing a perfect fluid with a linear
equation of state, a scalar field with an exponential potential and a uniform
cosmic magnetic field, using dynamical systems techniques. We find that all
models evolve away from an expanding massless scalar field model in which the
matter and the magnetic field are negligible dynamically. We also find that for
a particular range of parameter values the models evolve towards the usual
power-law inflationary model (with no magnetic field) and, furthermore, we
conclude that inflation is not fundamentally affected by the presence of a
uniform primordial magnetic field. We investigate the physical properties of
the Bianchi I magnetic field models in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123641 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the X-Ray Jet of 3C273


  We report results from Chandra observations of the X-ray jet of 3C~273 during
the calibration phase in 2000 January. The zeroeth-order images and spectra
from two 40-ks exposures with the HETG and LETG+ACIS-S show a complex X-ray
structure. The brightest optical knots are detected and resolved in the 0.2-8
keV energy band. The X-ray morphology tracks well the optical. However, while
the X-ray brightness decreases along the jet, the outer parts of the jet tend
to be increasingly bright with increasing wavelength. The spectral energy
distributions of four selected regions can best be explained by inverse Compton
scattering of (beamed) cosmic microwave background photons. The model
parameters are compatible with equipartition and a moderate Doppler factor,
which is consistent with the one-sidedness of the jet. Alternative models
either imply implausible physical conditions and energetics (the synchrotron
self-Compton model) or are sufficiently ad hoc to be unconstrained by the
present data (synchrotron radiation from a spatially or temporally distinct
particle population).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 764 </DOCNO>
Fragmentation of SU(2)-invariant spin ladders


  A two-parameter family of quantum spin ladders with local bilinear and
biquadratic interactions is shown to be solvable by a mapping onto fragments of
integrable spin 1 chains. The phase diagram, consisting of four phases, and the
ground state properties are discussed. In one novel phase, the ground state is
made up of plaquette singlets and rung singlets, alternating with a three-rung
periodicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128947 </DOCNO>
Spectral Energy Distributions of 3C 279 revisited: BeppoSAX observations


  We present the BeppoSAX observations of 3C 279 performed in 1997 January
13-23 simultaneously with gamma-ray pointings with EGRET on board CGRO and
optical observations at the Torino Observatory (1997 January 11-18). ISO data
close to this epoch are also available. We compare the derived Spectral Energy
Distribution with those obtained at all other epochs with adequate
multiwavelength coverage. Simple spectral models fitted to the multiepoch SEDs
suggest that changes in intensity can be ascribed mainly to the variation of
the bulk Lorentz factor of the plasma in the jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2306 </DOCNO>
Cooperation and Surviving with Limited Resources


  A network of agents cooperate on a given area. Time evolution of their power
is described within a set of nonlinear equations. The limitation of resources
is introduced via the Verhulst term, equivalent to a global coupling. Each
agent is fed by some other agents from his neighborhood. Two subsequent stages
of the time evolution can be observed. Initially, the richness of everybody
increases distinctly, but its distribution becomes wide. After some transient
time, however, resources are exhausted. Richness of some agents falls to zero
and they are eliminated. Cooperation becomes less effective, what leads to
subsequent falls. Finally, small percent of agents survive in a steady state.
We investigate, how the cooperation influences the rate of surviving.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150008 </DOCNO>
A Non-Abelian Fourier Transform for Gauge Theories


  We consider SU(2) gauge potentials over a space with a compactified
dimension. A non-Abelian Fourier transform of the gauge potential in the
compactified dimension is defined in such a way that the Fourier coefficients
are (almost) gauge invariant. The functional measure and the gauge field
strengths are expressed in terms of these Fourier coefficients. The emerging
formulation of the non-Abelian gauge theory turns out to be an Abelian gauge
theory of a set of fields defined over the initial space with the compactified
dimension excluded. The Abelian theory contains an Abelian gauge field, a
scalar field, and an infinite tower of vector matter fields, some of which
carry Abelian charges. Possible applications of this formalism are discussed
briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83546 </DOCNO>
Total Protection of Analytic Invariant Information in Cross Tabulated


  To protect sensitive information in a cross tabulated table, it is a common
practice to suppress some of the cells in the table. An analytic invariant is a
power series in terms of the suppressed cells that has a unique feasible value
and a convergence radius equal to +\infty. Intuitively, the information
contained in an invariant is not protected even though the values of the
suppressed cells are not disclosed. This paper gives an optimal linear-time
algorithm for testing whether there exist nontrivial analytic invariants in
terms of the suppressed cells in a given set of suppressed cells. This paper
also presents NP-completeness results and an almost linear-time algorithm for
the problem of suppressing the minimum number of cells in addition to the
sensitive ones so that the resulting table does not leak analytic invariant
information about a given set of suppressed cells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96053 </DOCNO>
On primitive roots of unity, divisors of p+/-1, Wieferich primes, and


  Primitive roots of 1 mod p^k (k>2 and odd prime p) are sought, in cyclic
units group G_k = A_k B_k mod p^k, coprime to p, of order (p-1)p^{k-1}. 'Core'
subgroup A_k has order p-1 independent of k, and p+1 generates 'extension'
subgroup B_k of all p^{k-1} residues 1 mod p. Divisors r,t of powerful
generator p-1=rs=tu of \pm B_k mod p^k, and of p+1, are investigated as
primitive root candidates. Fermat's Small Theorem: x^{p-1} \e 1 mod p for 0<x<p
is, with recursion r^{n+1}-t^{n+1}=(r^n-t^n)(r+t)-(r^{n-1}-t^{n-1})rt (divisors
r != t) extended to: all divisors r | p \pm 1 have distinct r^n mod p^3 (0<n
\leq p). So for proper divisors: r^{p-1} != 1 mod p^3, a necessary (not
sufficient) condition for a primitive root mod p^{k>2}. And for prime p: 2^p
!=2 and 3^p != 3 (mod p^3). Re: Wieferich primes [4] and FLT case_1. Conj: at
least one divisor of p \pm 1 is a semi primitive root of 1 mod p^k. -- (paper
withdrawn, re thm2.2)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3972 </DOCNO>
The controllable pi - SQUID


  We have fabricated and studied a new kind of DC SQUID in which the magnitude
and sign of the critical current of the individual Josephson junctions can be
controlled by additional voltage probes connected to the junctions. We show
that the amplitude of the voltage oscillations of the SQUID as a function of
the applied magnetic field can be tuned and that the phase of the oscillations
can be switched between 0 and $\pi$ in the temperature range of 0.1 - 4.2 K
using a suitable control voltage. This is equivalent to the external
application of (n+1/2) flux quantum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76280 </DOCNO>
Effective Theory for QCD in the LOFF Phase


  After a review of the crystalline color superconductive (LOFF) phase, I
discuss the Nambu Goldstone Boson associated with the breaking of rotational
and translational invariance and I briefly consider possible astrophysical
implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87128 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Perturbations of the Kerr black hole due to arbitrary


  We describe the Kerr black hole in the ingoing and outgoing Kerr-Schild
horizon penetrating coordinates. Starting from the null vector naturally
defined in these coordinates, we construct the null tetrad for each case, as
well as the corresponding geometrical quantities allowing us to explicitly
derive the field equations for the ${\Psi_0}^{(1)}$ and ${\Psi_4}^{(1)}$
perturbed scalar projections of the Weyl tensor, including arbitrary source
terms. This perturbative description, including arbitrary sources, described in
horizon penetrating coordinates is desirable in several lines of research on
black holes, and contributes to the implementation of a formalism aimed to
study the evolution of the space time in the region where two black holes are
close.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4498 </DOCNO>
Instability of Myelin Tubes under Dehydration: deswelling of layered


  We report experimental observations of an undulational instability of myelin
figures. Motivated by this, we examine theoretically the deformation and
possible instability of concentric, cylindrical, multi-lamellar membrane
structures. Under conditions of osmotic stress (swelling or dehydration), we
find a stable, deformed state in which the layer deformation is given by \delta
R ~ r^{\sqrt{B_A/(hB)}}, where B_A is the area compression modulus, B is the
inter-layer compression modulus, and h is the repeat distance of layers. Also,
above a finite threshold of dehydration (or osmotic stress), we find that the
system becomes unstable to undulations, first with a characteristic wavelength
of order \sqrt{xi d_0}, where xi is the standard smectic penetration depth and
d_0 is the thickness of dehydrated region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96566 </DOCNO>
Hilbert functions and resolutions for ideals of n = s^2 fat points in P2


  Conjectures for the Hilbert function of the m-th symbolic power of the ideal
of n general points of P2 are verified for infinitely many m for each square n
> 9, using an approach developed by the authors in a previous paper. In those
cases that n is even, conjectures for the resolution are also verified.
Previously, by work of Evain (for the Hilbert function) and of Harbourne, Holay
and Fitchett (for the resolution), these conjectures were known for infinitely
many m for a given n > 9 only for n being a power of 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168402 </DOCNO>
Engineering arbitrary motional ionic state through realistic


  We present a reliable scheme for engineering arbitrary motional ionic states
through an adaptation of the projection synthesis technique for trapped-ion
phenomena. Starting from a prepared coherent motional state, the Wigner
function of the desired state is thus sculpted from a Gaussian distribution.
The engineering process has also been developed to take into account the errors
arising from intensity fluctuations in the exciting-laser pulses required for
manipulating the electronic and vibrational states of the trapped ion. To this
end, a recently developed phenomenological-operator approach that allows for
the influence of noise will be applied. This approach furnishes a
straightforward technique to estimate the fidelity of the prepared state in the
presence of errors, precluding the usual extensive ab initio calculations. The
results obtained here by the phenomenological approach, to account for the
effects of noise in our engineering scheme, can be directly applied to any
other process involving trapped-ion phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86583 </DOCNO>
Variable gamma-ray emission from the Be/X-ray transient A0535+26?


  We present a study of the unidentified gamma-ray source 3EG J0542+2610. This
source is spatially superposed to the supernova remnant G180.0-1.7, but its
time variability makes unlikely a physical link. We have searched into the
EGRET location error box for compact radio sources that could be the low energy
counterpart of the gamma-ray source. Although 29 point-like radio sources were
detected and measured, none of them is strong enough as to be considered the
counterpart of a background gamma-ray emitting AGN. We suggest that the only
object within the 95 % error box capable of producing the required gamma-ray
flux is the X-ray transient A0535+26. We show that this Be/accreting pulsar can
produce variable hadronic gamma-ray emission through the mechanism originally
proposed by Cheng & Ruderman (1989), where a proton beam accelerated in a
magnetospheric electrostatic gap impacts the transient accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114133 </DOCNO>
Coherent control of nuclear spin isomers of molecules: The role of


  Molecular center-of-mass motion is taken into account in the theory of
coherent control of nuclear spin isomers of molecules. It is shown that
infrared radiation resonant to the molecular rovibrational transition can
substantially enrich nuclear spin isomers and speed up their conversion rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3338 </DOCNO>
Gap Fluctuations in Inhomogeneous Superconductors


  Spatial fluctuations of the effective pairing interaction between electrons
in a superconductor induce variations of the order parameter which in turn lead
to significant changes in the density of states. In addition to an overall
reduction of the quasi-particle energy gap, theory suggests that mesoscopic
fluctuations of the impurity potential induce localised tail states below the
mean-field gap edge. Using a field theoretic approach, we elucidate the nature
of the states in the `sub-gap' region. Specifically, we show that these states
are associated with replica symmetry broken instanton solutions of the
mean-field equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126372 </DOCNO>
The Heating of the Intra Cluster Medium


  X-ray observations indicate that non-gravitational processes play a key role
in determining the distribution of the diffuse, X-ray emitting gas in clusters
of galaxies (ICM). The effect of non-gravitational processes is imprinted in
the ICM as an entropy minimum. Preheating models assume that the entropy
minimum is present in the cosmic baryons well before collapse. On the other
hand, observations of baryons in Ly_alpha clouds show only a modest extra
heating, ruling out the presence of such an entropy plateau in the majority of
low-density baryons at high z. The problem is avoided in the internal heating
scenario, where the heating occurs only inside virialized structures. However,
for internal heating the energy needed to build the entropy minimum is in
excess of 1 keV per particle. It is not clear which kind of source can heat the
baryons: SNae seem to be inefficient by a factor of 3 or more. This energy
crisis must be solved by other sources (like AGNs), unless we are missing some
key aspect of the heating mechanism. The main questions for the next years will
be: when and where is the excess entropy produced, and by which mechanism?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125331 </DOCNO>
The LX-sigma Relation for Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies


  We demonstrate that individual elliptical galaxies and clusters of galaxies
form a continuous X-ray luminosity---velocity dispersion (LX-sigma) relation.
Our samples of 280 clusters and 57 galaxies have LX ~ sigma^4.4 and LX ~
sigma^10, respectively. This unified LX - sigma relation spans 8 orders of
magnitude in LX and is fully consistent with the observed and theoretical
luminosity---temperature scaling laws. Our results support the notion that
galaxies and clusters of galaxies are the luminous tracers of similar dark
matter halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96140 </DOCNO>
Finite Semigroups of Constant Rank, and the five Basic State Machine


  Constant Rank (CR) state machines play an important role in the general
structure theory of Finite State Machines. A machine is of constant rank if
each input and input-sequence maps the state set onto the same number of next
states. CR-machines are analysed via their sequential closure (semigroup),
which is a simple semigroup, thus: a semi- direct product (L \times R)*G of a
left- and a right-copy semigroup, and a group. . . . So in general a CR-machine
is a composition of: a branch-, a reset- and a permutation machine, which are
three of the five basic types of state machines, to be derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95408 </DOCNO>
An exact sequence for Milnor's K-theory with applications to quadratic


  We construct a four-term exact sequence which provides information on the
kernel and cokernel of the multiplication by a pure symbol in Milnor's K-theory
mod 2 of fields of characteristic zero. As an application we establish, for
fields of characteristics zero, the validity of three conjectures in the theory
of quadratic forms - the Milnor conjecture on the structure of the Witt ring,
the Khan-Rost-Sujatha conjecture and the J-filtration conjecture.
  The first version of this paper was written in the spring of 1996.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99178 </DOCNO>
K-homology of the rotation algebras $A_{\theta}$


  We study the K-homology of the rotation algebras $A_{\theta}$ using the six
term cyclic sequence for the K-homology of a crossed product by ${\bf Z}$. In
the case where $\theta$ is irrational we use Pimsner and Voiculescu's work on
AF-embeddings of the $A_{\theta}$ to search for the missing generator of the
even K-homology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5792 </DOCNO>
A new method for Monte Carlo simulation of theories with Grassmann


  A new algorithm for simulation of theories with dynamical fermions is
presented. The algorithm is based on obtaining the new configuration U' from
the old one U by solving the equation M(U')\eta= \omega M(U)\eta, where M is
fermionic operator, \eta is random Gaussian vector, and \omega is random real
number close to unity. This algorithm can be used for acceleration of current
simulations in theories with fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86473 </DOCNO>
Spacetime geometry from algebra: spin foam models for non-perturbative


  This is an introduction to spin foam models for non-perturbative quantum
gravity, an approach that lies at the point of convergence of many different
research areas, including loop quantum gravity, topological quantum field
theories, path integral quantum gravity, lattice field theory, matrix models,
category theory, statistical mechanics. We describe the general formalism and
ideas of spin foam models, the picture of quantum geometry emerging from them,
and give a review of the results obtained so far, in both the Euclidean and
Lorentzian case. We focus in particular on the Barrett-Crane model for
4-dimensional quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76383 </DOCNO>
The Theory of Invariants and Interaction Symmetries


  An application of the Gordan-Hilbert finite algebraic basis theorem is
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1325 </DOCNO>
Carbon--The First Frontier of Information Processing


  Information is often encoded as an aperiodic chain of building blocks. Modern
digital computers use bits as the building blocks, but in general the choice of
building blocks depends on the nature of the information to be encoded. What
are the optimal building blocks to encode structural information? This can be
analysed by replacing the operations of addition and multiplication of
conventional arithmetic by translation and rotation. It is argued that at the
molecular level, the best component for encoding discretised structural
information is carbon. Living organisms discovered this billions of years ago,
and used carbon as the back-bone for constructing proteins that function
according to their structure. Structural analysis of polypeptide chains shows
that 20 building blocks are necessary to fold them into arbitrary shapes.
Properties of amino acids suggest that the present triplet genetic code was
preceded by a more primitive one, coding for 10 amino acids using two
nucleotide bases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124889 </DOCNO>
Radio Emission and the Timing Properties of the Hard X-ray State of GRS


  We combine a complete sample of 113 pointed observations taken with the Rossi
X-ray Timing Explorer between 1996-1999, monitoring observations taken with the
Ryle telescope and the Green Bank Interferometer, and selected observations
with the Very Large Array to study the radio and X-ray properties of GRS
1915+105 when its X-ray emission is hard and steady. We establish that radio
emission always accompanies the hard-steady state of GRS 1915+105, but that the
radio flux density at 15.2 GHz and the X-ray flux between 2-200 keV are not
correlated. Therefore we study the X-ray spectral and timing properties of GRS
1915+105 using three approaches: first, by describing in detail the properties
of three characteristic observations, then by displaying the time evolution of
the timing properties during periods of both faint and bright radio emission,
and lastly by plotting the timing properties as a function of the the radio
flux density. We find that as the radio emission becomes brighter and more
optically thick, 1) the frequency of a ubiquitous 0.5-10 Hz QPO decreases, 2)
the Fourier phase lags between hard (11.5-60 keV) and soft (2-4.3 keV) in the
frequency range of 0.01-10 Hz change sign from negative to positive, 3) the
coherence between hard and soft photons at low frequencies decreases, and 4)
the relative amount of low frequency power in hard photons compared to soft
photons decreases. We discuss how these results reflect upon basic models from
the literature describing the accretion flow around black holes and the
possible connection between Comptonizing electrons and compact radio jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129328 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Wind Nebulae as High Energy Gamma-Ray Emitters


  There is growing evidence that some variable high-energy gamma-ray sources
are associated with pulsar wind nebulae. We review the current status of X-ray
and radio studies of the sources most likely to be significant emitters above
100 MeV. The assumption of the gamma-radiation arising from synchrotron
processes puts a lower limit on the magnetic field and suggests there may be
significant doppler boosting causing the asymmetries seen in the morphology of
these nebulae. However, these sources are also in close proximity to molecular
clouds, suggesting that variable gamma-ray emission may arise from a ram
pressure confined pulsar wind nebula in a dense medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127572 </DOCNO>
A High Resolution X-ray Image of the Jet in M 87


  We present the first high resolution X-ray image of the jet in M 87 using the
Chandra X-ray Observatory. There is clear structure in the jet and almost all
of the optically bright knots are detected individually. The unresolved core is
the brightest X-ray feature but is only 2-3 times brighter than knot A (12.3"
from the core) and the inner knot HST-1 (1.0" from the core). The X-ray and
optical positions of the knots are consistent at the 0.1" level but the X-ray
emission from the brightest knot (A) is marginally upstream of the optical
emission peak. Detailed Gaussian fits to the X-ray jet one-dimensional profile
show distinct X-ray emission that is not associated with specific optical
features. The X-ray/optical flux ratio decreases systematically from the core
and X-ray emission is not clearly detected beyond 20" from the core. The X-ray
spectra of the core and the two brightest knots, HST-1 and A1, are consistent
with a simple power law with alpha = 1.46 +/- 0.05, practically ruling out
inverse Compton models as the dominant X-ray emission mechanism. The core flux
is significantly larger than expected from an advective accretion flow and the
spectrum is much steeper, indicating that the core emission may be due to
synchrotron emission from a small scale jet. The spectral energy distributions
(SEDs) of the knots are well fit by synchrotron models. The spectral indices in
the X-ray band, however are comparable to that expected in the
Kardashev-Pacholczyk synchrotron model but are much flatter than expected in
the pitch angle isotropization model of Jaffe and Perola. The break frequencies
derived from both models drop by factors of 10-100 with distance from the core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96017 </DOCNO>
Filtered stochastic calculus


  By introducing a color filtration to the multiplicity space, we extend the
quantum Ito calculus on multiple symmetric Fock space to the framework of
filtered adapted biprocesses. In this new notion of adaptedness,``classical''
time filtration makes the integrands similar to adapted processes, whereas
``quantum'' color filtration produces their deviations from adaptedness. An
important feature of this calculus, which we call filtered stochastic calculus,
is that it provides an explicit interpolation between the main types of
calculi, regardless of the type of independence, including freeness, Boolean
independence (more generally, m-freeness) as well as tensor independence.
Moreover, it shows how boson calculus is ``deformed'' by other noncommutative
notions of independence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5375 </DOCNO>
A structure factor approach to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect


  Structure factor theory (SFT) is applied to analyze distortions to the Cosmic
Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) due the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect (SZE)
in typical clusters of galaxies. It is shown that a suitable structure factor
associated to a collisionless (Knudsen) gas is able to reproduce the SZE
distortion of the CMBR . Physical arguments suggest that SFT yields an
approximate solution to the Kompaneets equation and sets plausible values for
the two ``free'' parameters involved in the calculation of the spectral
distortion. Finally, further applications of the SFT to other standard
cosmological problems are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74009 </DOCNO>
Lattice spacing dependence of phase transition temperature in the


  We have investigated the phase transition properties of classical linear
sigma model. The fields were kept in contact with a heat bath for sufficiently
long time such that fields are equilibrated at the temperature of the heat
bath. It was shown that the sigma model fields undergoes phase transition, but
the transition temperature depend crucially on the lattice spacing. In the
continuum limit, the transition temperature tends to zero or at least to a very
low value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124213 </DOCNO>
An Extremely Slow Nova?


  The binary companion to the peculiar F supergiant HD 172481 is shown to be a
Mira variable with a pulsation period of 312 days. Its characteristics are
within the normal range found for solitary Miras of that period, although its
pulsation amplitude and mass-loss rate (M(dot) ~ 3 x 10^{-6} solar masses per
year) are higher than average. Reasons are given for suspecting that the F
supergiant, which has L ~ 10^4 solar luminosities, is a white dwarf burning
hydrogen accreted from its companion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98977 </DOCNO>
Poisson Structures on Cotangent Bundles


  We make a study of Poisson structures of T*M which are graded structures when
restricted to the fiberwise polynomial algebra, and give examples. A class of
more general graded bivector fields which induce a given Poisson structure w on
the base manifold M is constructed. In particular, the horizontal lifting of a
Poisson structure from M to T*M via connections gives such bivector fields and
we discuss the conditions for these lifts to be Poisson bivector fields and
their compatibility with the canonical Poisson structure on T*M. Finally, for a
2-form on a Riemannian manifold, we study the conditions for some associated
2-forms on T*M to define Poisson structures on cotangent bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75374 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory and Unification in AdS5


  We consider gauge bosons in the bulk of AdS5 in a two-brane theory that
addresses the hierarchy problem. We show such a theory can be consistent with
gauge coupling unification at a high scale. We discuss subtleties in this
calculation and show how to regulate consistently in a bounded AdS5 background.
Our regularization is guided by the holographic dual of the calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114086 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hydrodynamic Model for the enhanced moments of Inertia of


  The increase in moment of inertia of SF$_6$ in helium nanodroplets is
calculated using the quantum hydrodynamic approach. This required an extension
of the numerical solution to the hydrodynamic equation to three explicit
dimensions. Based upon an expansion of the density in terms of the lowest four
Octahedral spherical harmonics, the predicted increase in moment of inertia is
$170 {\rm u \AA^2}$, compared to an experimentally determined value of $310(10)
{\rm u \AA^2}$, i.e., 55% of the observed value. The difference is likely in at
least part due to lack of convergence with respect to the angular expansion,
but at present we do not have access to the full densities from which a higher
order expansion can be determined. The present results contradict those of Kwon
et al., J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 113}, 6469 (2000), who predicted that the
hydrodynamic theory predicted less than 10% of the observed increase in moment
of inertia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73790 </DOCNO>
Combining Parton Showers with Next-to-Leading Order QCD Matrix Elements


  We have implemented a systematic procedure for combining parton shower
algorithms with next-to-leading order QCD calculations for the case of jet
production in deep-inelastic electron-proton scattering. Using this method we
have computed inclusive jet cross sections and jet shapes for the case of
single-jet production and compared them to data from the ZEUS collaboration at
HERA. We found good agreement between the data and our calculations, both for
the jet shapes and the inclusive spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168731 </DOCNO>
Conditional beam splitting attack on quantum key distribution


  We present a novel attack on quantum key distribution based on the idea of
adaptive absorption [calsam01]. The conditional beam splitting attack is shown
to be much more efficient than the conventional beam spitting attack, achieving
a performance similar to the, powerful but currently unfeasible, photon number
splitting attack. The implementation of the conditional beam splitting attack,
based solely on linear optical elements, is well within reach of current
technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3192 </DOCNO>
Translation-Rotation Coupling in Transient Grating Experiments :


  The results of a Transient Grating experiment in a supercooled molecular
liquid of anisotropic molecules and its theoretical interpretation are
presented. These results show the existence of two distinct dynamical
contributions in the response function of this experiment, density and
orientation dynamics. These dynamics can be experimentally disentangled by
varying the polarisation of the probe and diffracted beams and they have been
identified and measured in a Heterodyne Detected experiment performed on
m-toluidine. The results of the theory show a good qualitative agreement with
the measurements at all temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41132 </DOCNO>
Search for Gluinos and Scalar Quarks in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at


  We have performed a search for gluinos ($\gls$) and squarks ($\sq$) in a data
sample of 84 pb$^{-1}$ of \ppb collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.8
TeV, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab, by investigating the final
state of large missing transverse energy and 3 or more jets, a characteristic
signature in R-parity-conserving supersymmetric models. The analysis has been
performed `blind', in that the inspection of the signal region is made only
after the predictions from Standard Model backgrounds have been calculated.
Comparing the data with predictions of constrained supersymmetric models, we
exclude gluino masses below 195 \gev (95% C.L.), independent of the squark
mass. For the case $\msq \approx \mgls$, gluino masses below 300 \gev are
excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113483 </DOCNO>
On the thermocapillary motion of deformable droplets


  In studies on Marangoni type motion of particles the surface tension is often
approximated as a linear function of temperature. For deformable particles in a
linear external temperature gradient far from the reference point this
approximation yields a negative surface tension which is physically
unrealistic. It is shown that H.Zhou and R.H.Davis J. Colloid Interface Sci.,
n.181,60,1996 presented calculation where the leading deformable drop moved
into a region of negative surface tension. With respect numerical studies the
restriction of the migration of two deformable drops is given in terms of the
drift time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5195 </DOCNO>
A dimerized spin fluid in a one-dimensional electron system


  The ground state of a one-dimensional Hubbard model with a bond-charge
attraction W term at half-filling is investigated by the density matrix
renormalization group method. It is confirmed that the spin gap will be closed
at U>8W. But the long-range bond order wave survives even when the spin gap is
closed. It indicates that the ground state is a novel dimerized spin fluid at
U>8W. By a charge-spin transformation, it is shown that there should be a
dimerized metallic phase at U<-8W. Furthermore, it is found that the Hubbard
interaction U enhances initially the dimerization for a weak bond charge
attraction W whereas it reduces monotonously the dimerization for a stronger
bond charge attraction W.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128495 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Plane of Radio Galaxies


  We collected photometrical and dynamical data for 73 low red-shift (z<0.2)
Radio Galaxies (LzRG) in order to study their Fundamental Plane (FP). For 22
sources we also present new velocity dispersion data, that complement the
photometric data given in our previous study of LzRG (Govoni et al. 2000a). It
is found that the FP of LzRG is similar to the one defined by non-active
elliptical galaxies, with LzRG representing the brightest end of the population
of early type galaxies. Since the FP mainly reflects the virial equilibrium
condition, our result implies that the global properties of early--type
galaxies (defining the FP) are not influenced by the presence of gas accretion
in the central black hole. This is fully in agreement with the recent results
in black hole demography, showing that virtually all luminous spheroidal
galaxies host a massive black hole and therefore may potentially become active.
We confirm and extend to giant ellipticals the systematic increase of the
mass-to-light ratio with galaxy luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97802 </DOCNO>
Conformal Field Theories, Graphs and Quantum Algebras


  This article reviews some recent progress in our understanding of the
structure of Rational Conformal Field Theories, based on ideas that originate
for a large part in the work of A. Ocneanu. The consistency conditions that
generalize modular invariance for a given RCFT in the presence of various types
of boundary conditions --open, twisted-- are encoded in a system of integer
multiplicities that form matrix representations of fusion-like algebras. These
multiplicities are also the combinatorial data that enable one to construct an
abstract ``quantum'' algebra, whose $6j$- and $3j$-symbols contain essential
information on the Operator Product Algebra of the RCFT and are part of a cell
system, subject to pentagonal identities. It looks quite plausible that the
classification of a wide class of RCFT amounts to a classification of ``Weak
$C^*$- Hopf algebras''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97242 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative solitons on Kahler manifolds


  We construct a new class of scalar noncommutative multi-solitons on an
arbitrary Kahler manifold by using Berezin's geometric approach to quantization
and its generalization to deformation quantization. We analyze the stability
condition which arises from the leading 1/hbar correction to the soliton energy
and for homogeneous Kahler manifolds obtain that the stable solitons are given
in terms of generalized coherent states. We apply this general formalism to a
number of examples, which include the sphere, hyperbolic plane, torus and
general symmetric bounded domains. As a general feature we notice that on
homogeneous manifolds of positive curvature, solitons tend to attract each
other, while if the curvature is negative they will repel each other.
Applications of these results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1723 </DOCNO>
Pressure formulas for liquid metals and plasmas based on the


  At first, pressure formulas for the electrons under the external potential
produced by fixed nuclei are derived both in the surface integral and volume
integral forms concerning an arbitrary volume chosen in the system; the surface
integral form is described by a pressure tensor consisting of a sum of the
kinetic and exchange-correlation parts in the density-functional theory, and
the volume integral form represents the virial theorem with subtraction of the
nuclear virial. Secondly on the basis of these formulas, the thermodynamical
pressure of liquid metals and plasmas is represented in the forms of the
surface integral and the volume integral including the nuclear contribution.
  From these results, we obtain a virial pressure formula for liquid metals,
which is more accurate and simpler than the standard representation. From the
view point of our formulation, some comments are made on pressure formulas
derived previously and on a definition of pressure widely used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 586 </DOCNO>
Rung-Rung Current Correlations on a 2-Leg t-J Ladder


  We report the results of numerical calculations of rung-rung current
correlations on a 2-leg t-J ladder with J/t=0.35 for dopings x=0.125 and
x=0.19. We find that the amplitude of these correlations decays exponentially.
We argue that this can be understood within a bosonization framework in terms
of the pinned phase variables associated with a C1SO phase with
d_{x^2-y^2}-like power law pairing correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114115 </DOCNO>
Optimal use of time dependent probability density data to extract


  A novel algorithm was recently presented to utilize emerging time dependent
probability density data to extract molecular potential energy surfaces. This
paper builds on the previous work and seeks to enhance the capabilities of the
extraction algorithm: An improved method of removing the generally ill-posed
nature of the inverse problem is introduced via an extended Tikhonov
regularization and methods for choosing the optimal regularization parameters
are discussed. Several ways to incorporate multiple data sets are investigated,
including the means to optimally combine data from many experiments exploring
different portions of the potential. Results are presented on the stability of
the inversion procedure, including the optimal combination scheme, under the
influence of data noise. The method is applied to the simulated inversion of a
double well system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41613 </DOCNO>
A combined analysis technique for the search for fast magnetic monopoles


  We describe a search method for fast moving ($\beta > 5 \times 10^{-3}$)
magnetic monopoles using simultaneously the scintillator, streamer tube and
track-etch subdetectors of the MACRO apparatus. The first two subdetectors are
used primarily for the identification of candidates while the track-etch one is
used as the final tool for their rejection or confirmation. Using this
technique, a first sample of more than two years of data has been analyzed
without any evidence of a magnetic monopole. We set a 90% CL upper limit to the
local monopole flux of $1.5 \times 10^{-15} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1}$ in the
velocity range $5 \times 10^{-3} \le \beta \le 0.99$ and for nucleon decay
catalysis cross section smaller than $\sim 1 mb$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83622 </DOCNO>
System Support for Bandwidth Management and Content Adaptation in


  This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an operating system
module, the Congestion Manager (CM), which provides integrated network flow
management and exports a convenient programming interface that allows
applications to be notified of, and adapt to, changing network conditions. We
describe the API by which applications interface with the CM, and the
architectural considerations that factored into the design. To evaluate the
architecture and API, we describe our implementations of TCP; a streaming
layered audio/video application; and an interactive audio application using the
CM, and show that they achieve adaptive behavior without incurring much
end-system overhead. All flows including TCP benefit from the sharing of
congestion information, and applications are able to incorporate new
functionality such as congestion control and adaptive behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7090 </DOCNO>
Investigation of 2-electrons systems for interpreting local correlation


  Electron correlation effects are often invoked as possible candidates to
explain differences observed between experimental and Hartree-Fock (HF) Compton
profiles. The shape as well as the magnitude of these differences can be very
different, depending on the systems investigated. In order to illustrate this,
simple analytical wave functions (WFs) for 2-electrons systems are proposed,
which are correlated though radial and/or angular correlation factors. The
near-exact densities obtained give us the opportunity to illustrate the dilemma
that occurs when modeling momentum densities from Kohn-Sham (KS) orbitals. Ab
initio studies follow for the analysis of correlation mechanisms in isolated
ionic systems. opposite trends observed for experimental deviations to HF
Compton profiles are then qualitatively explained through empirical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3208 </DOCNO>
Ultracold Bose atoms in intense laser fields: intensity- and


  Starting from the first principles of nonrelativistic QED we have derived the
system of Maxwell-Schr\"odinger equations, which can be used for theoretical
description of atom optical phenomena at high densities of atoms and high
intensities of the laser radiation. The role of multiple atomic transitions
between ground and excited states in atom optics has been investigated.
Nonlinear optical properties of interacting Bose gas are studied: formula for
the refractive index has been derived and the polariton spectrum of a
condensate interacting with an intense laser field has been investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97428 </DOCNO>
Bosonic formulas for (k,l)-admissible partitions


  Bosonic formulas for generating series of partitions with certain
restrictions are obtained by solving a set of linear matrix q-difference
equations. Some particular cases are related to combinatorial problems arising
from solvable lattice models, representation theory and conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113861 </DOCNO>
A selection of papers with some relevance to the investigation of the


  This is simply a long list of papers that I have found useful. They are
generally related to aspects of the search for evidence that the Sun influences
the climate somehow. There are papers on Data, on Methods and papers that just
discuss the problems. So far the list is not structured, but it is planned that
later versions will have lists that are sorted into general subject classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97456 </DOCNO>
Prelle-Singer Approach and Liouvillian Solutions: An Important Result


  In math-ph/0107007, we present a method to tackle first order ordinary differential
equations whose solutions contain Liouvillian functions (LFOODEs), many of them
missed by the usual PS-approach. Here, we demonstrate an important result
concerning the generality of that method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179252 </DOCNO>
Microscopic optical potentials for nucleon-nucleus scattering


  Microscopic optical potentials for nucleon-nucleus (NA) scattering obtained
from the full folding of the effective g matrices, solutions of the
Bruckner-Bethe-Goldstone equation, with the densities of the target, are
applied to the case of neutron-nucleus scattering. Given that the optical
potentials are specified in all two-body angular momentum, spin and isospin
channels available to the NA scattering, the only difference in this model
description of proton and neutron scattering observables for a given nucleus is
in the inclusion of the Coulomb interaction. A priori microscopic optical model
predictions for neutron and proton elastic scattering are compared with results
from a phenomenological optical model and with data. New measurements are
recommended to reduce discrepancies in the existing database, and to
differentiate between different theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98594 </DOCNO>
Covariant Coordinate Transformations on Noncommutative Space


  We show how to define gauge-covariant coordinate transformations on a
noncommuting space. The construction uses the Seiberg-Witten equation and
generalizes similar results for commuting coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129713 </DOCNO>
Extended Red Emission in the "Evil Eye" Galaxy (NGC4826)


  We obtained low-resolution, long-slit 5300--9100 A spectroscopy of NGC4826 (a
nearby galaxy with an absorbing dust lane (DL) asymmetrically placed across its
bulge, associated with several HII regions) with a slit encompassing its bulge,
positioned across its nucleus. The wavelength-dependent effects of absorption
and scattering by dust in the lane are evident when comparing the observed
stellar SEDs of pairs of positions symmetrically located with respect to the
nucleus, one on the DL side and one on the opposite side of the bulge, by
assuming that the intrinsic ISRF is axi-symmetric. We analyzed these SED ratios
through the multiple-scattering radiative transfer model of Witt and Gordon and
we discovered strong residual Extended Red Emission (ERE) from a region of the
DL within a distance of 13 arcsec from the nucleus, adjacent to a broad, bright
HII region. ERE is an established phenomenon in the literature interpreted as
originating from photoluminescence by nanometer-sized clusters, illuminated by
UV/optical photons. The complex radial variation of the ERE band-integrated
intensity and of the ERE-to-scattered light band-integrated intensity ratio
with the optical depth of the model derived for the DL and with the strength
and hardness of the illuminating ISRF is reproduced consistently through the
theoretical interpretation of the photophysics of the ERE carrier by Smith and
Witt. When examined within the context of ERE observations in a variety of
Galactic dusty environments (e.g. the diffuse ISM, reflection nebulae,
planetary nebulae and the Orion Nebula), we conclude that the ERE photon
conversion efficiency in NGC4826 is as high as found elsewhere, but that the
size of the actively luminescing nanoparticles there is about twice as large as
those thought to exist in the Galactic diffuse ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75897 </DOCNO>
Monte-Carlo Event Generators at NLO


  A method to construct Monte-Carlo event generators at arbitrarily non-leading
order is explained for the case of a non-gauge theory. A precise and correct
treatment of parton kinematics is provided. Modifications of the conventional
formalism are required: parton showering is not exactly the same as DGLAP
evolution, and the external line prescription for the hard scattering differs
from the LSZ prescription. The prospects for extending the results to QCD are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150184 </DOCNO>
The partition function of the linear Poisson-sigma model on arbitrary


  We perform the calculation of the partition function of the Poisson-sigma
model on the world sheet with the topology of a two-dimensional disc.
Considering the special case of a linear Poisson structure we recover the
partition function of the Yang-Mills theory. Using a glueing procedure we are
able to calculate the partition function for arbitrary base manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4683 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle conductivities in disordered d-wave superconductors


  We study the quasiparticle transport coefficients in disordered d-wave
superconductors. We find that spin and charge excitations are generally
localized unless magnetic impurities are present. If the system is close to a
nesting point in the impurity-scattering unitary limit, the tendency towards
localization is reduced while the quasiparticle density of states gets enhanced
by disorder. We also show that the residual repulsive interaction among
quasiparticles has a delocalizing effect and increases the density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4777 </DOCNO>
3D Ising System in an External Field. Recurrence Relations for the


  The 3D one-component spin system in an external magnetic field is studied
using the collective variables method. The integration of the partition
function of the system over the phase space layers is performed in the
approximation of the sextic measure density including the even and the odd
powers of the variable (the asymmetric $\rho^6$ model). The general recurrence
relations between the coefficients of the effective measure densities are
obtained. The new functions appearing in these recurrence relations are given
in the form of a convergent series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124881 </DOCNO>
Wind Circulation in Selected Rotating Magnetic Early-B Stars


  The rotating magnetic B stars have oblique dipolar magnetic fields and often
anomalous helium and metallic compositions. These stars develop co-rotating
torus-shaped clouds by channelling winds from their magnetic poles to an
anchored planar disk over the magnetic equator. The line absorptions from the
cloud can be studied as the complex rotates and periodically occults the star.
We describe an analysis of the clouds of four stars (HD184927, beta Cep, sigma
Ori E, and HR6684). From line synthesis models, we find that the metallic
compositions are spatially uniform over the stars' surfaces. Next, using the
Hubeny CIRCUS code, we demonstate that periodic UV continuum fluxes can be
explained by the absorption of low-excitation lines. The analysis also
quantifies the cloud temperatures, densities, and turbulences, which appear to
increase inward toward the stars. The temperatures range from about 12,000K for
the weak Fe lines up to temperatures of 33,000K for N V absorptions, which is
in excess of temperatures expected from radiative equilibrium.
  The spectroscopic hallmark of this stellar class is the presence of strong C
IV and N V resonance line absorptions at occultation phases and of redshifted
emissions at magnetic pole-on phases. The emissions have characteristics which
seem most compatible with the generation of high-energy shocks at the
wind-cloud interface, as predicted by Babel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97704 </DOCNO>
$L^p$ improving bounds for averages along curves


  We establish local $(L^p,L^q)$ mapping properties for averages on curves. The
exponents are sharp except for endpoints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179406 </DOCNO>
Polarization Observables in (${\vec e},e'{\vec N}N$) and (${\vec


  Nucleon recoil polarization in electromagnetic reactions with two-nucleon
emission is discussed for both (${\vec e},e'{\vec N}N$) and
 (${\vec \gamma},{\vec N}N$). Numerical results are given for exclusive
two-nucleon knockout reactions from $^{16}$O in a theoretical model where
final-state interactions, one-body and two-body currents, and the effect of
correlations in the initial pair wave function are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72442 </DOCNO>
Predictions for Neutrino Structure Functions


  The first measurements of Delta- xF3 are higher than current theoretical
predictions. We investigate the sensitivity of these theoretical predictions
upon a variety of factors including: renormalization scheme and scale, quark
mass effects, higher twist, isospin violation, and PDF uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7087 </DOCNO>
Comment on `Phase-separated states in antiferromagnetic semiconductors


  The 'proof' of the possibility of the slab or stripe phase separation in
polar semiconductors, proposed recently by E. L. Nagaev (Phys. Rev. B64 (2001)
014401) is shown to be erroneous. The fundamental error originates in the
double-counting of the electron-phonon interaction with optical phonons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3982 </DOCNO>
Colossal Effects in Transition Metal Oxides Caused by Intrinsic


  The general aspects of the influence of quenched disorder on the competition
between ordered states separated by a first-order transition are investigated.
A phase diagram with features resembling quantum-critical behavior is observed.
The paramagnetic phase at low temperature consists of coexisting ordered
clusters, with a random orientation of the order parameter. Specializing to
manganites, this state is shown to have a colossal magnetoresistance effect. A
new scale T* for cluster formation is predicted. It is argued that cuprates
have similar features, compatible with the large proximity effect of the very
underdoped regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1605 </DOCNO>
Creep rupture of viscoelastic fiber bundles


  We study the creep rupture of bundles of viscoelastic fibers occurring under
uniaxial constant tensile loading. A novel fiber bundle model is introduced
which combines the viscoelastic constitutive behaviour and the strain
controlled breaking of fibers. Analytical and numerical calculations showed
that above a critical external load the deformation of the system monotonically
increases in time resulting in global failure at a finite time $t_f$, while
below the critical load the deformation tends to a constant value giving rise
to an infinite lifetime. Our studies revealed that the nature of the transition
between the two regimes, i.e. the behaviour of $t_f$ at the critical load
$sigma_c$, strongly depends on the range of load sharing: for global load
sharing $t_f$ has a power law divergence at $\sigma_c$ with a universal
exponent of 0.5, however, for local load sharing the transition becomes abrupt:
at the critical load $t_f$ jumps to a finite value, analogous to second and
first order phase transitions, respectively. The acoustic response of the
bundle during creep is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149345 </DOCNO>
Geometric Phase in Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics


  Quaternion quantum mechanics is examined at the level of unbroken SU(2) gauge
symmetry. A general quaternionic phase expression is derived from formal
properties of the quaternion algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149257 </DOCNO>
Boundary scattering in the principal chiral model


  An informal introduction to our recent work (hep-th/0104212) on the
(GxG-invariant) principal chiral model with boundary. We found that both
classically integrable boundary conditions and quantum boundary S-matrices were
classified by the symmetric spaces G/H.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7233 </DOCNO>
Nishimori point in random-bond Ising and Potts models in 2D


  We study the universality class of the fixed points of the 2D random bond
q-state Potts model by means of numerical transfer matrix methods. In
particular, we determine the critical exponents associated with the fixed point
on the Nishimori line. Precise measurements show that the universality class of
this fixed point is inconsistent with percolation on Potts clusters for q=2,
corresponding to the Ising model, and q=3

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1810 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric double quantum dots as a subminiature mesoscopic cell


  A subminiature mesoscopic cell, consisting of an asymmetric double quantum
dot capacitively coupled to a nearby mesoscopic circuit, is proposed, which can
transform disordered noise energy to ordered electric energy. Two schemes, the
noise originating from the nearby mesoscopic circuit and from the
electromagnetic wave disturbance in external environment, are investigated. We
found that the proposed cell can manifest as a good constant current source and
the output current may not reach its largest value even if the circuit is
shorted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124074 </DOCNO>
The light curve of V605 Aql


  ``Nova Aquilae No. 4'', discovered in 1919, later renamed V605 Aql, was
recognized to be a final helium flash object only in the 1980s. Clayton and De
Marco (1997) gave a detailed description of the available spectroscopic and
photometric material. Here we try to re-analyze the photometric record. The
photographic material is still available and has been used to construct a
revised light curve. Only fragments of the visual observations were published;
the remainder appears to be lost.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125686 </DOCNO>
ASCA observations of deep ROSAT fields V. The X-ray spectrum of hard


  We present an analysis of the \rosat and \asca spectra of 21 broad line AGN
(QSOs) with $z\sim 1$ detected in the 2-10 keV band with the \asca \gis. The
summed spectrum in the \asca band is well described by a power-law with
$\Gamma=1.56\pm0.18$, flatter that the average spectral index of bright QSOs
and consistent with the spectrum of the X-ray background in this band. The flat
spectrum in the \asca band could be explained by only a moderate absorption
($\sim 10^{22} \rm cm^{-2}$) assuming the typical AGN spectrum ie a power-law
with $\Gamma$=1.9. This could in principle suggest that some of the highly
obscured AGN, required by most X-ray background synthesis models, may be
associated with normal blue QSOs rather than narrow-line AGN.
  However, the combined 0.5-8 keV \asca-\rosat spectrum is well fit by a
power-law of $\Gamma=1.7\pm0.2$ with a spectral upturn at soft energies.
  It has been pointed out that such an upturn may be an artefact of
uncertainties in the calibration of the ROSAT or ASCA detectors. Nevertheless
if real, it could imply that the above absorption model suggested by the \asca
data alone is ruled out. Then a large fraction of QSOs could have ``concave''
spectra ie they gradually steepen towards softer energies. This result is in
agreement with the \bepposax hardness ratio analysis of $\sim$ 100 hard X-ray
selected sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125488 </DOCNO>
The Kr85 s-process Branching and the Mass of Carbon Stars


  We present new spectroscopic observations for a sample of C(N)-type red
giants. These objects belong to the class of Asymptotic Giant Branch stars,
experiencing thermal instabilities in the He-burning shell (thermal pulses).
Mixing episodes called third dredge-up enrich the photosphere with newly
synthesized C12 in the He-rich zone, and this is the source of the high
observed ratio between carbon and oxygen (C/O > 1 by number). Our spectroscopic
abundance estimates confirm that, in agreement with the general understanding
of the late evolutionary stages of low and intermediate mass stars, carbon
enrichment is accompanied by the appearance of s-process elements in the
photosphere. We discuss the details of the observations and of the derived
abundances, focusing in particular on rubidium, a neutron-density sensitive
element, and on the s-elements Sr, Y and Zr belonging to the first s-peak. The
critical reaction branching at Kr85, which determines the relative enrichment
of the studied species, is discussed. Subsequently, we compare our data with
recent models for s-processing in Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch
stars, at metallicities relevant for our sample. A remarkable agreement between
model predictions and observations is found. Thanks to the different neutron
density prevailing in low and intermediate mass stars, comparison with the
models allows us to conclude that most C(N) stars are of low mass (M < 3Mo). We
also analyze the C12/C13 ratios measured, showing that most of them cannot be
explained by canonical stellar models. We discuss how this fact would require
the operation of an ad hoc additional mixing, currently called Cool Bottom
Process, operating only in low mass stars during the first ascent of the red
giant branch and, perhaps, also during the asymptotic giant branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128053 </DOCNO>
An HI Rogues Gallery


  We have begun a compilation of HI maps of peculiar galaxies kindly
contributed by individual investigators, many as part of the ``Gas & Galaxy
Evolution'' conference. In this gallery we present images of the first 181
objects, which includes over 400 individually cataloged galaxies. The images
consist of a greyscale representation of the optical morphology and an
accompanying optical image with HI contours superimposed. A web-based ``living
Gallery'' is being maintained on the NRAO homepage (presently at
http://www.nrao.edu/astrores/HIrogues/).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6770 </DOCNO>
On-line learning and generalisation in coupled perceptrons


  We study supervised learning and generalisation in coupled perceptrons
trained on-line using two learning scenarios. In the first scenario the teacher
and the student are independent networks and both are represented by an
Ashkin-Teller perceptron. In the second scenario the student and the teacher
are simple perceptrons but are coupled by an Ashkin-Teller type four-neuron
interaction term. Expressions for the generalisation error and the learning
curves are derived for various learning algorithms. The analytic results find
excellent confirmation in numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125797 </DOCNO>
The Progenitors of Subluminous Type Ia Supernovae


  We find that spectroscopically peculiar subluminous SNe Ia come from an old
population. Of the sixteen subluminous SNe Ia known, ten are found in E/S0
galaxies, and the remainder are found in early-type spirals. The probability
that this is a chance occurrence is only 0.2%. The finding that subluminous SNe
Ia are associated with an older stellar population indicates that for a
sufficiently large lookback time (already accessible in current high redshift
searches) they will not be found. Due to a scarcity in old populations,
hydrogen and helium main sequence stars and He red giant stars that undergo
Roche lobe overflow are unlikely to be the progenitors of subluminous SNe Ia.
Earlier findings that overluminous SNe Ia (dM15(B) < 0.95) come from a young
progenitor population are confirmed. The fact that subluminous SNe Ia and
overluminous SNe Ia come from different progenitor populations and also have
different properties is a prediction of the CO white dwarf merger progenitor
scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4438 </DOCNO>
Unusual electronic ground state of a prototype cuprate: band splitting


  By in-situ change of polarization a small splitting of the Zhang-Rice singlet
state band near the Fermi level has been resolved for optimum doped (x=0.4)
Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2-x}$La$_{x}$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ at the (pi,0)-point (R.Manzke et al.
PRB 63, R100504 (2001). Here we treat the momentum dependence and lineshape of
the split band by photoemission in the EDC-mode with very high angular and
energy resolution. The splitting into two destinct emissions could also be
observed over a large portion of the major symmetry line $\Gamma$M, giving the
dispersion for the individual contributions. Since bi-layer effects can not be
present in this single-layer material the results have to be discussed in the
context of one-particle removal spectral functions derived from current
theoretical models. The most prominent are microscopic phase separation
including striped phase formation, coexisting antiferromagnetic and
incommensurate charge-density-wave critical fluctuations coupled to electrons
(hot spots) or even spin charge separation within the Luttinger liquid picture,
all leading to non-Fermi liquid like behavior in the normal state and having
severe consequences on the way the superconducting state forms. Especially the
possibilty of observing spinon and holon excitations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2866 </DOCNO>
Crater formation by fast ions: comparison of experiment with Molecular


  An incident fast ion in the electronic stopping regime produces a track of
excitations which can lead to particle ejection and cratering. Molecular
Dynamics simulations of the evolution of the deposited energy were used to
study the resulting crater morphology as a function of the excitation density
in a cylindrical track for large angle of incidence with respect to the surface
normal. Surprisingly, the overall behavior is shown to be similar to that seen
in the experimental data for crater formation in polymers. However, the
simulations give greater insight into the cratering process. The threshold for
crater formation occurs when the excitation density approaches the cohesive
energy density, and a crater rim is formed at about six times that energy
density. The crater length scales roughly as the square root of the electronic
stopping power, and the crater width and depth seem to saturate for the largest
energy densities considered here. The number of ejected particles, the
sputtering yield, is shown to be much smaller than simple estimates based on
crater size unless the full crater morphology is considered. Therefore, crater
size can not easily be used to estimate the sputtering yield.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4206 </DOCNO>
The Adsorption and Collapse Transitions in a Linear Polymer Chain near


  We deduce the qualitative phase diagram of a long flexible neutral polymer
chain immersed in a poor solvent near an attracting surface using
phenomenological arguments. The actual positions of the phase boundaries are
estimated numerically from series expansion up to 19 sites of a self-attracting
self avoiding walk in three dimensions. In two dimensions, we calculate
analytically phase boundaries in some cases for a partially directed model.
Both the numerical as well as analytical results corroborate the proposed
qualitative phase diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72506 </DOCNO>
Recent BCP progress in Taiwan


  I review theoretical progresses on $B$ physics and CP violation which were
made in Taiwan recently. I concentrate on the approaches to exclusive $B$ meson
decays based on factorization assumption, SU(3) symmetry, perturbative QCD
factorization theorem, QCD factorization, and light-front QCD formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5892 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Static Fractures in Disordered Media and Iterated Conformal Maps


  We study the geometrical characteristic of quasi-static fractures in
disordered media, using iterated conformal maps to determine the evolution of
the fracture pattern. This method allows an efficient and accurate solution of
the Lam\'e equations without resorting to lattice models. Typical fracture
patterns exhibit increased ramification due to the increase of the stress at
the tips. We find the roughness exponent of the experimentally relevant
backbone of the fracture pattern; it crosses over from about 0.5 for small
scales to about 0.75 for large scales, in excellent agreement with experiments.
We propose that this cross-over reflects the increased ramification of the
fracture pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75699 </DOCNO>
Unification in models with replicated gauge groups


  We examine unification of gauge couplings in four dimensional renormalizable
gauge theories inspired by the latticized (deconstructed) SM or MSSM in five
dimensions. The models are based on replicated gauge groups, spontaneously
broken to the diagonal subgroup. The analysis is performed at one-loop level,
with the contribution from the heavy vector bosons included, and compared with
the analogous results in the SM or MSSM. Unification at or above the diagonal
breaking scale is discussed. We find that in the considered class of extensions
of the SM(MSSM) unification is possible for a wide range of unification scales
and with the similar accuracy as in the SM(MSSM). Unification above the
diagonal breaking scale is particularly attractive: it is a consequence of the
SM(MSSM) unification, but with the unification scale depending on the number of
replications of the gauge group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83826 </DOCNO>
Competition and Price Dispersion in International Long Distance Calling


  This paper examines the relationship between changes in telecommunications
provider concentration on international long distance routes and changes in
prices on those routes. Overall, decreased concentration is associated with
significantly lower prices to consumers of long distance services. However, the
relationship between concentration and price varies according to the type of
long distance plan considered. For the international flagship plans frequently
selected by more price-conscious consumers of international long distance,
increased competition on a route is associated with lower prices. In contrast,
for the basic international plans that are the default selection for consumers,
increased competition on a route is actually associated with higher prices.
Thus, somewhat surprisingly, price dispersion appears to increase as
competition increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 192 </DOCNO>
Broad Histogram: Tests for a Simple and Efficient Microcanonical


  The Broad Histogram Method (BHM) allows one to determine the energy
degeneracy g(E), i.e. the energy spectrum of a given system, from the knowledge
of the microcanonical averages <Nup(E)> and <Ndn(E)> of two macroscopic
quantities Nup and Ndn defined within the method. The fundamental BHM equation
relating g(E) to the quoted averages is exact and completely general for any
conceivable system. Thus, the only possible source of numerical inaccuracies
resides on the measurement of the averages themselves. In this text, we
introduce a Monte Carlo recipe to measure microcanonical averages. In order to
test its performance, we applied it to the Ising ferromagnet on a 32x32 square
lattice. The exact values of g(E) are known up to this lattice size, thus it is
a good standard to compare our numerical results with. Measuring the deviations
relative to the exactly known values, we verified a decay proportional to
1/sqrt(counts), by increasing the counter (counts) of averaged samples over at
least 6 decades. That is why we believe this microcanonical simulator presents
no bias besides the normal statistical fluctuations. For counts~10**10, we
measured relative deviations near 10**(-5) for both g(E) and the specific heat
peak, obtained through BHM relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75107 </DOCNO>
The U_A(1) Problem on the Lattice with Ginsparg-Wilson Fermions


  We show how it is possible to give a precise and unambiguous implementation
of the Witten--Veneziano formula for the eta' mass on the lattice, which looks
like the formal continuum one, if the expression of the topological charge
density operator, suggested by fermions obeying the Ginsparg--Wilson relation,
is employed. By using recent numerical results from simulations with overlap
fermions in 2 (abelian Schwinger model) and 4 (QCD) dimensions, one obtains
values for the mass of the lightest pseudo-scalar flavour-singlet state that
agree within errors with theoretical expectations and experimental data,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168938 </DOCNO>
A quantum Goldreich-Levin theorem with cryptographic applications


  We investigate the Goldreich-Levin Theorem in the context of quantum
information. This result is a reduction from the computational problem of
inverting a one-way function to the problem of predicting a particular bit
associated with that function. We show that the quantum version of the
reduction -- between quantum one-way functions and quantum hard-predicates --
is quantitatively more efficient than the known classical version. Roughly
speaking, if the one-way function acts on n-bit strings then the overhead in
the reduction is by a factor of O(n/epsilon^2) in the classical case but only
by a factor of O(1/epsilon) in the quantum case, where 1/2 + epsilon is the
probability of predicting the hard-predicate. Moreover, we prove via a lower
bound that, in a black-box framework, the classical version of the reduction
cannot have overhead less than order n/epsilon^2.
  We also show that, using this reduction, a quantum bit commitment scheme that
is perfectly binding and computationally concealing can be obtained from any
quantum one-way permutation. This complements a recent result by Dumais, Mayers
and Salvail, where the bit commitment scheme is perfectly concealing and
computationally binding. We also show how to perform qubit commitment by a
similar approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148611 </DOCNO>
General Target Space Duality and Its Effects on D-branes


  We study a special combination of the compact directions of the spacetime
(compactified on tori) and the worldsheet parity transformed of these
directions. The transformations that change the compact part of the spacetime
to this combination, are more general than the T-duality transformations. Many
properties of this combination and also of the corresponding worldsheet
fermions are studied. By using the boundary state formalism, we study the
effects of the above transformations to D-branes. For the special cases the
resulted branes reduce to the known mixed branes, or reduce to the modified
mixed branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124952 </DOCNO>
Structure and Mass of a Young Globular Cluster in NGC 6946


  Using the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope,
we have imaged a luminous young star cluster in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC
6946. The cluster has an absolute visual magnitude M(V)=-13.2, comparable to
the brightest young `super-star clusters' in the Antennae merger galaxy. UBV
colors indicate an age of about 15 Myr. The cluster has a compact core (core
radius = 1.3 pc), surrounded by an extended envelope. We estimate that the
effective radius (Reff) = 13 pc, but this number is uncertain because the outer
parts of the cluster profile gradually merge with the general field. Combined
with population synthesis models, the luminosity and age of the cluster imply a
mass of 8.2x10^5 Msun for a Salpeter IMF extending down to 0.1 Msun, or
5.5x10^5 Msun if the IMF is log-normal below 0.4 Msun. Depending on model
assumptions, the central density of the cluster is between 5300 Msun pc^-3 and
17000 Msun pc^-3, comparable to other high-density star forming regions. We
also estimate a dynamical mass for the cluster, using high-dispersion spectra
from the HIRES spectrograph on the Keck I telescope. The velocity dispersion is
10.0 +/- 2.7 km/s, implying a total cluster mass within 65 pc of (1.7 +/- 0.9)
x 10^6 Msun. Comparing the dynamical mass with the mass estimates based on the
photometry and population synthesis models, the mass-to-light ratio is at least
as high as for a Salpeter IMF extending down to 0.1 Msun, although a turn-over
in the IMF at 0.4 Msun is still possible within the errors. The cluster will
presumably remain bound, evolving into a globular cluster-like object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72804 </DOCNO>
Dileptons and photons from central heavy-ion collisions at CERN-SPS


  A unique parameterization of secondary (thermal) dilepton and photon yields
in heavy-ion experiments at CERN-SPS is proposed. Adding those thermal yields
to background contributions the spectral shapes of the CERES/NA45, NA38, NA50,
HELIOS/3 and WA98 data from experiments with lead and sulfur beams can be well
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114212 </DOCNO>
The LIGO Suspended Optic Digital Control System


  The original LIGO suspension control system [1] used analog circuitry to
implement the closed loop damping required for local control of each the
suspended optics. Recent developments in analog to digital converters (ADC),
digital to analog converters (DAC), increased processor speed and performance,
and the use of reflective memory have made a digital alternative possible. Such
a control system would provide additional performance and flexibility that will
be required for operation of the interferometers. This paper will describe the
real-time digital servo control systems that have been designed, developed and
implemented for the LIGO suspended optics. In addition, the paper will describe
how the suspension controls have been integrated into the overall LIGO control
and data acquisition systems [2].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2707 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic quantum state reduction: uniting Bose-Einstein condensates


  Two independently prepared condensates can be combined into a single larger
condensate by detection of their relative phase in an intereference
measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114087 </DOCNO>
A High Granularity Imaging Calorimeter for Cosmic-Ray Physics


  An imaging calorimeter has been designed and is being built for the PAMELA
satellite-borne experiment. The physics goals of the experiment are the
measurement of the flux of antiprotons, positrons and light isotopes in the
cosmic radiation.
  The calorimeter is designed to perform a precise measurement of the total
energy deposited, to reconstruct the spatial development of the showers (both
in the longitudinal and in the transverse directions), and to measure the
energy distribution along the shower itself. From this information, the
calorimeter will identify antiprotons from a electron background and positrons
in a background of protons with an efficiency of about 95% and a rejection
power better than 10^-4. Furthermore, a self-trigger system has been
implemented with the calorimeter that will be employed to measure high-energy
(from about 300 GeV to more than 1 TeV) electrons.
  The instrument is composed of 22 layers of tungsten, each sandwiched between
two "views" of silicon strip detectors (X and Y). The signals are read out by a
custom VLSI front-end chip, the CR1.4P, specifically designed for the PAMELA
calorimeter, with a dynamic range of 7.14 pC or 1400 mip (minimum ionizing
particle).
  We report on the simulated performance and prototype design.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96468 </DOCNO>
An Inverse Problem from Sub-Riemannian Geometry


  The geodesics for a sub-Riemannian metric on a three-dimensional contact
manifold $M$ form a 1-parameter family of curves along each contact direction.
However, a collection of such contact curves on $M$, locally equivalent to the
solutions of a fourth-order ODE, are the geodesics of a sub-Riemannian metric
only if a sequence of invariants vanish. The first of these, which was earlier
identified by Fels, determines if the differential equation is variational. The
next two determine if there is a well-defined metric on $M$ and if the given
paths are its geodesics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76879 </DOCNO>
Strong and electromagnetic contributions to the U_A(1) anomaly and the


  Using flavor basis we relate flavor axial anomalies to the mass matrix of
pseudoscalar isoscalar fields in the context of a Linear Sigma Model which
includes U_A(1) symmetry breaking. We incorporate additional contributions to
these anomalies due to external electromagnetic fields invoking 't Hooft's
argument on anomaly matching and work out the predictions of this formalism for
eta to gamma gamma and eta' to gamma gamma decays. We show that the only effect
of the U_A(1) anomaly in these processes is in the formation of the eta and
eta' systems. From experimental data on their two photon decays we extract the
pseudoscalar mixing angle in flavor basis as phi_P in [38.4 deg, 41.0 deg ].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148598 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Potentials in Einstein-Cartan-Brans-Dicke Cosmology


  Cosmological inflation is discussed in the realm of
Einstein-Cartan-Brans-Dicke (ECBD) gravity by constructing an effective
inflaton potential and computing the number of e-folds.It is shown that
spin-torsion density contributes to a decrease on the number of e-folds of
inflation when the ratio of spin-torsion density to matter density is
aprecciable as happens in the Early Universe.Quantum fluctuations of spin and
inflatons are also investigated.Our results seems to be in agreement with
Palle's proposal that quantum fluctuations of spin may trigger the primordial
era of the universe.The main esult of the paper is the appearence of a
supersymmetric type inflaton potential from the ECBD gravity where the
coefficient of the one-loop type correction is a constant spin-torsion density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179372 </DOCNO>
QCD condensates and hadron parameters in nuclear matter: self-consistent


  We review various approaches to the calculation of QCD condensates and of the
nucleon characteristics in nuclear matter. We show the importance of their
self-consistent treatment. The first steps in such treatment appeared to be
very instructive. It is shown that the alleged pion condensation anyway can not
take place earlier than the restoration of the chiral symmetry. We demonstrate
how the finite density QCD sum rules for nucleons work and advocate their
possible role in providing an additional bridge between the condensate and
hadron physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114329 </DOCNO>
Polarisation Patterns and Vectorial Defects in Type II Optical


  Previous studies of lasers and nonlinear resonators have revealed that the
polarisation degree of freedom allows for the formation of polarisation
patterns and novel localized structures, such as vectorial defects. Type II
optical parametric oscillators are characterised by the fact that the
down-converted beams are emitted in orthogonal polarisations. In this paper we
show the results of the study of pattern and defect formation and dynamics in a
Type II degenerate optical parametric oscillator for which the pump field is
not resonated in the cavity. We find that traveling waves are the predominant
solutions and that the defects are vectorial dislocations which appear at the
boundaries of the regions where traveling waves of different phase or
wave-vector orientation are formed. A dislocation is defined by two topological
charges, one associated with the phase and another with the wave-vector
orientation. We also show how to stabilize a single defect in a realistic
experimental situation. The effects of phase mismatch of nonlinear interaction
are finally considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2920 </DOCNO>
Language as an Evolving Word Web


  Human language can be described as a complex network of linked words. In such
a treatment, each distinct word in language is a vertex of this web, and
neighboring words in sentences are connected by edges. It was recently found
(Ferrer and Sol\'e) that the distribution of the numbers of connections of
words in such a network is of a peculiar form which includes two pronounced
power-law regions. Here we treat language as a self-organizing network of
interacting words. In the framework of this concept, we completely describe the
observed Word Web structure without fitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96159 </DOCNO>
Some classical multiple orthogonal polynomials


  Recently there has been a renewed interest in an extension of the notion of
orthogonal polynomials known as multiple orthogonal polynomials. This notion
comes from simultaneous rational approximation (Hermite-Pade approximation) of
a system of several functions. We describe seven families of multiple
orthogonal polynomials which have he same flavor as the very classical
orthogonal polynomials of Jacobi, Laguerre and Hermite. We also mention some
open research problems and some applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2455 </DOCNO>
Exact form factors in integrable quantum field theories: the sine-Gordon


  A general model independent approach using the `off-shell Bethe Ansatz' is
presented to obtain an integral representation of generalized form factors. The
general techniques are applied to the quantum sine-Gordon model alias the
massive Thirring model. Exact expressions of all matrix elements are obtained
for several local operators. In particular soliton form factors of charge-less
operators as for example all higher currents are investigated. It turns out
that the various local operators correspond to specific scalar functions called
p-functions. The identification of the local operators is performed. In
particular the exact results are checked with Feynman graph expansion and full
agreement is found. Furthermore all eigenvalues of the infinitely many
conserved charges are calculated and the results agree with what is expected
from the classical case. Within the frame work of integrable quantum field
theories a general model independent `crossing' formula is derived. Furthermore
the `bound state intertwiners' are introduced and the bound state form factors
are investigated. The general results are again applied to the sine-Gordon
model. The integrations are performed and in particular for the lowest
breathers a simple formula for generalized form factors is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86828 </DOCNO>
Quantum Collapse of a Small Dust Shell


  The full quantum mechanical collapse of a small relativistic dust shell is
studied analytically, asymptotically and numerically starting from the exact
finite dimensional classical reduced Hamiltonian recently derived by
H\'aj{\'\i}\v{c}ek and Kucha\v{r}. The formulation of the quantum mechanics
encounters two problems. The first is the multivalued nature of the Hamiltonian
and the second is the construction of an appropriate self adjoint momentum
operator in the space of the shell motion which is confined to a half line. The
first problem is solved by identifying and neglecting orbits of small action in
order to obtain a single valued Hamiltonian. The second problem is solved by
introducing an appropriate lapse function. The resulting quantum mechanics is
then studied by means of analytical and numerical techniques. We find that the
region of total collapse has very small probability. We also find that the
solution concentrates around the classical Schwarzschild radius. The present
work obtains from first principles a quantum mechanics for the shell and
provides numerical solutions, whose behavior is explained by a detailed WKB
analysis for a wide class of collapsing shells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6179 </DOCNO>
Derivation of Transport Equations using the Time-Dependent Projection


  We develop a formalism to carry out coarse-grainings in quantum field
theoretical systems by using a time-dependent projection operator in the
Heisenberg picture. A systematic perturbative expansion with respect to the
interaction part of the Hamiltonian is given, and a Langevin-type equation
without a time-convolution integral term is obtained. This method is applied to
a quantum field theoretical model, and coupled transport equations are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 356 </DOCNO>
The Effect of the Third Dimension on Rough Surfaces Formed by


  The roughness exponent of surfaces obtained by dispersing silica spheres into
a quasi-two-dimensional cell is examined. The cell consists of two glass plates
separated by a gap, which is comparable in size to the diameter of the beads.
Previous work has shown that the quasi-one-dimensional surfaces formed have two
distinct roughness exponents in two well-defined length scales, which have a
crossover length about 1cm. We have studied the effect of changing the gap
between the plates to a limit of about twice the diameter of the beads.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168043 </DOCNO>
A Physical Explanation for Tilde System in Thermo Field Dynamics


  For a two-body quantum system, any pure state can be represented by a
biorthogonal expression by means of Schmidt decomposition. Using this in the
composite system which include a thermodynamic system and its surroundings, it
is found that the tilde system in thermo field dynamics is just the
surroundings of the real system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96594 </DOCNO>
Covers of groups definable in o-minimal structures


  We develop in this paper the theory of covers for Hausdorff properly $\bigvee
$-definable manifolds with definable choice in an o-minimal structure $\N$. In
particular, we show that given an $\N$-definably connected $\N$-definable group
$G$ we have $1\to \pi_1(G)\to \tilde{G}\stackrel{p}\to G\to 1$ in the category
of strictly properly $\bigvee $-definable groups with strictly properly
$\bigvee $-definable homomorphisms, where $\pi_1(G)$ is the o-minimal
fundamental group of $G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5775 </DOCNO>
Stationary Regime of Random Resistor Networks Under Biased Percolation


  The state of a 2-D random resistor network, resulting from the simultaneous
evolutions of two competing biased percolations, is studied in a wide range of
bias values. Monte Carlo simulations show that when the external current $I$ is
below the threshold value for electrical breakdown, the network reaches a
steady state with a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic. The properties of
this nonlinear regime are investigated as a function of different model
parameters. A scaling relation is found between $<R>/<R>_0$ and $I/I_0$, where
$<R>$ is the average resistance, $<R>_0$ the linear regime resistance and $I_0$
the threshold value for the onset of nonlinearity. The scaling exponent is
found to be independent of the model parameters. A similar scaling behavior is
also found for the relative variance of resistance fluctuations. These results
compare well with resistance measurements in composite materials performed in
the Joule regime up to breakdown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127537 </DOCNO>
Formation of internal shock waves in bent jets


  We discuss the circumstances under which the bending of a jet can generate an
internal shock wave. The analysis is carried out for relativistic and
non-relativistic astrophysical jets. The calculations are done by the method of
characteristics for the case of steady simple waves. This generalises the
non-relativistic treatment first used by Icke (1991). We show that it is
possible to obtain an upper limit to the bending angle of a jet in order not to
create a shock wave at the end of the curvature. This limiting angle has a
value of 75 degrees for non-relativistic jets with a polytropic index k = 4/3,
135 degrees for non-relativistic jets with k = 5/3) and 50 degrees for
relativistic jets with k = 5/3. We also discuss under which circumstances jets
will form internal shock waves for smaller deflection angles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7386 </DOCNO>
Existence and stability of bushes of vibrational modes for octahedral


  The special nonlinear dynamical regimes, "bushes of normal modes", can exist
in the N-particle Hamiltonian systems with discrete symmetry. The dimension of
the bush can be essentially less than that of the whole mechanical system.
One-dimensional bushes represent the similar nonlinear normal modes introduced
by Rosenberg. A given bush can be excited by imposing the appropriate initial
conditions, and the energy of the initial excitation turns out to be trapped in
this bush.
  In the present paper, we consider all possible vibrational bushes in the
simple octahedral mechanical system and discuss their stability under
assumption that the interactions between particles are described by the
Lennard-Jones potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168735 </DOCNO>
Total Absorption in Finite Time in an $i\delta$ Potential


  We consider the evolution of Green's function of the one-dimensional
Schr\"odinger equation in the presence of the complex potential $-ik\delta(x)$.
Our result is the construction of an explicit time-dependent solution which we
use to calculate the time-dependent survival probability of a quantum particle.
The survival probability decays to zero in finite time, which means that the
complex delta potential well is a total absorber for quantum particles. This
potential can be interpreted as a killing measure with infinite killing rate
concentrated at the origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1405 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Gap and Strong In-Plane Anisotropy in Untwinned


  With significantly improved sample quality and instrumental resolution, we
clearly identify in the (pi,0) ARPES spectra from YBa2Cu3O6.993, in the
superconducting state, the long-sought `peak-dip-hump' structure. This advance
allows us to investigate the large a-b anisotropy of the in-plane electronic
structure including, in particular, a 50% difference in the magnitude of the
superconducting gap that scales with the energy position of the hump feature.
This anisotropy, likely induced by the presence of the CuO chains, raises
serious questions about attempts to quantitatively explain the YBa2Cu3O7-d data
from various experiments using models based on a perfectly square lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 678 </DOCNO>
Supervised Learning with Restricted Training Sets: a Generating


  We study the dynamics of supervised on-line learning of realizable tasks in
feed-forward neural networks. We focus on the regime where the number of
examples used for training is proportional to the number of input channels N.
Using generating function techniques from spin glass theory, we are able to
average over the composition of the training set and transform the problem for
N to infinity to an effective single pattern system, described completely by
the student autocovariance, the student-teacher overlap and the student
response function, with exact closed equations. Our method applies to arbitrary
learning rules, i.e. not necessarily of a gradient-descent type. The resulting
exact macroscopic dynamical equations can be integrated without finite-size
effects up to any degree of accuracy, but their main value is in providing an
exact and simple starting point for analytical approximation schemes. Finally,
we show how, in the region of absent anomalous response and using the
hypothesis that (as in detailed balance systems) the short-time part of the
various operators can be transformed away, one can describe the stationary
state of the network succesfully by a set of coupled equations involving only
four scalar order parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74778 </DOCNO>
Unifying approach to hard diffraction


  We find a consistency between two different approaches of hard diffraction,
namely the QCD dipole model and the Soft Colour Interaction approach. A
theoretical interpretation in terms of S-Matrix and perturbative QCD properties
in the small $x_{Bj}$ regime is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2479 </DOCNO>
Critical indices of Anderson transition: something is wrong with


  Numerical results for Anderson transition are critically discussed. A simple
procedure to deal with corrections to scaling is suggested. With real
uncertainties taken into account, the raw data are in agreement with a value
$\nu=1$ for the critical index of the correlation length in three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113778 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Implications of General Relativity


  The unification of gravity to the other forces has been a major problem for
most of the last century. I use a modification to Newtonian gravitation to
extract the strong and weak nuclear coupling constants. Some of the possible
implications of this are discussed, including the feasibility of quantum
gravity theories and a probe into the nature of light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4875 </DOCNO>
On "Do the attractive bosons condense?" by N. K. Wilkin, J. M. F. Gunn,


  Using Perron-Frobenius theorem, we prove that the results by Wilkin, Gunn and
Smith [1] for the ground states of N Bose atoms rotating at the angular
momentum L in a harmonic atomic trap with frequency omega interacting via
attractive delta^2(r) forces, are valid for a broad class of predominantly
attractive interactions V(r), not necessarily attractive for any r. The
sufficient condition for the interaction is that all the two-body matrix
elements <z_1^k z_2^l |V| z_2^m z_1^n> allowed by the conservation of angular
momentum k+l = m+n, are negative. This class includes, in particular, the
Gaussian attraction of arbitrary radius, -1/r - Coulomb and log(r)-Coulomb
forces, as well as all the short-range R << omega^{-1/2} interactions
satisfying inequality int d^2r V(r) < 0. There is no condensation at L>> 1, and
the angular momentum is concentrated in the collective ``center-of-mass'' mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1690 </DOCNO>
RVB Contribution to Superconductivity in $MgB_2$


  We view $MgB_2$ as electronically equivalent to (non-staggered) graphite
($B^-$ layer) that has undergone a zero gap semiconductor to a superconductor
phase transition by a large c-axis (chemical) pressure due to $Mg^{++}$ layers.
Further, like the \ppi bonded planar organic molecules, graphite is an old
resonating valence bond (RVB) system. The RVB's are the `preexisting cooper
pairs' in the `parental' zero gap semiconducting $B^-$ (graphite) sheets that
manifests themselves as a superconducting ground state of the transformed
metal. Some consequences are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150024 </DOCNO>
On the correspondence between Light-Front Hamiltonian approach and


  The problem of the restoring of the equivalence between Light-Front (LF)
Hamiltonian and conventional Lorentz-covariant formulations of gauge theory is
solved for QED(1+1) and (perturbatively to all orders) for QCD(3+1). For
QED(1+1) the LF Hamiltonian is constructed which reproduces the results of
Lorentz-covariant theory. This is achieved by bosonization of the model and by
analysing the resulting bosonic theory to all orders in the fermion mass. For
QCD(3+1) we describe nonstandard regularization that allows to restore
mentioned equivalence with finite number of counterterms in LF Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123922 </DOCNO>
Study by MOA of extra-solar planets in gravitational microlensing events


  A search for extra-solar planets was carried out in three gravitational
microlensing events of high magnification, MACHO 98-BLG-35, MACHO 99-LMC-2, and
OGLE 00-BUL-12. Photometry was derived from observational images by the MOA and
OGLE groups using an image subtraction technique. For MACHO 98-BLG-35,
additional photometry derived from the MPS and PLANET groups was included.
Planetary modeling of the three events was carried out in a super-cluster
computing environment. The estimated probability for explaining the data on
MACHO 98-BLG-35 without a planet is <1%. The best planetary model has a planet
of mass ~(0.4-1.5) X 10^-5 M_Earth at a projected radius of either ~1.5 or ~2.3
AU. We show how multi-planet models can be applied to the data. We calculated
exclusion regions for the three events and found that Jupiter-mass planets can
be excluded with projected radii from as wide as about 30 AU to as close as
around 0.5 AU for MACHO 98-BLG-35 and OGLE 00-BUL-12. For MACHO 99-LMC-2, the
exclusion region extends out to around 10 AU and constitutes the first limit
placed on a planetary companion to an extragalactic star. We derive a
particularly high peak magnification of ~160 for OGLE 00-BUL-12. We discuss the
detectability of planets with masses as low as Mercury in this and similar
events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74929 </DOCNO>
Photons as Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays ?


  We study spectra of the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays assuming primaries are
protons and photons, and that their sources are extragalactic. We assume power
low for the injection spectra and take into account the influence of cosmic
microwave, infrared, optical and radio backgrounds as well as extragalactic
magnetic fields on propagation of primaries. Our additional free parameters are
the maximum energy of injected particles and the distance to the nearest
source. We find a parameter range where the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cut-off is
avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125498 </DOCNO>
Clusters of Galaxies as Self-Gravitating Systems


  Self-gravitating systems such as elliptical galaxies appear to have a
constant specific entropy and obey a scaling law relating their potential
energy to their mass. These properties can be interpreted as due to the
physical processes involved in the formation of these structures. Dark matter
haloes obtained through numerical simulations have also been found to obey a
scaling law relating their potential energy to their mass with the same slope
as ellipticals. Since the X-ray gas in clusters is weakly dissipative, we have
checked the hypothesis that it might verify similar properties. 
  We have analyzed ROSAT-PSPC images of 24 clusters, and also found that: 1)
the S\'ersic law parameters (intensity, shape and scale) describing the X-ray
gas emission are correlated two by two; 2) the hot gas in all these clusters
roughly has the same specific entropy; 3) a scaling law linking the cluster
potential energy to the mass of the X-ray gas is observed, with the same slope
as for elliptical galaxies and dark matter haloes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86115 </DOCNO>
Levi-Civita Solutions Coupled with Electromagnetic Fields


  The local and global properties of the Levi-Civita (LC) solutions coupled
with an electromagnetic field are studied and some limits to the vacuum LC
solutions are given. By doing such limits, the physical and geometrical
interpretations of the free parameters involved in the solutions are made
clear. Sources for both the LC vacuum solutions and the LC solutions coupled
with an electromagnetic field are studied, and in particular it is found that
all the LC vacuum solutions with $\sigma \ge 0$ can be produced by
cylindrically symmetric thin shells that satisfy all the energy conditions,
weak, dominant, and strong. When the electromagnetic field is present, the
situation changes dramatically. In the case of a purely magnetic field, all the
solutions with $\sigma \ge 1/\sqrt{8}$ or $\sigma \le - 1/\sqrt{8}$ can be
produced by physically acceptable cylindrical thin shells, while in the case of
a purely electric field, no such shells are found for any value of $\sigma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6409 </DOCNO>
Derivation of the Curie-Weiss Law in Dynamical Mean-Field Theory


  We present an analytic derivation of the linear temperature dependence of the
inverse static susceptibility $\chi ^{-1}(T,U)\sim T-T{_{c}}(U)$ near the
transition from a paramagnetic to a ferromagnetic correlated metal within the
dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) for the Hubbard model. The equations for the
critical temperature and interaction strength of the transition are also
determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72423 </DOCNO>
Two Photon Physics at Future Linear Colliders


  Prospects for QCD studies in two-photon interactions at a future linear e+e-
and gamma-gamma collider are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74874 </DOCNO>
Right-handed Neutrinos as Superheavy Dark Matter


  We propose that right-handed neutrinos are very long-lived dark matter. The
long lifetime is realized by the separation of the wavefunction of right-handed
neutrinos and that of other fermions in an extra dimension. Such long-lived and
superheavy dark matter can naturally explain observed ultra high energy cosmic
rays above the GZK cutoff (5 * 10^{19} eV) and huge amounts of cold dark matter
simultaneously. Furthermore, the exponentially suppressed Yukawa couplings of
right-handed neutrinos leads to the high predictablilty on the mass parameter
of the neutrinoless double beta decay, as all the models which predict very
small neutrino mass of one generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3076 </DOCNO>
Fermi gas response to non-adiabatic switching of external potential


  We compute analytically the distribution function P(E) for the energy E
acquired by a Fermi gas after being subjected to an arbitrary time-dependent
external potential (switching event). We relate the distribution function to a
solution of a matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem and present explicit formulae for
the low order cumulants of P(E). These general results are used to find the
distribution of dissipated energy in a biased quantum point contact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3044 </DOCNO>
CP^n Model on Fuzzy Sphere


  We construct the CP^n model on fuzzy sphere. The Bogomolny bound is saturated
by (anti-)self-dual solitons and the general solutions of BPS equation are
constructed. The dimension of moduli space describing the BPS solution on fuzzy
sphere is exactly the same as that of the commutative sphere or the
(noncommutative) plane. We show that in the soliton backgrounds, the number of
zero modes of Dirac operator on fuzzy sphere, Atiyah-Singer index, is exactly
given by the topological charge of the background solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75834 </DOCNO>
Dissociation of a Heavy Quarkonium at High Temperatures


  We examine three different ways a heavy quarkonium can dissociate at high
temperatures. The heavy quarkonium can dissociate spontaneously when it becomes
unbound at a temperature above its dissociation temperature. Following the
recent work of Digal, Petreczky, and Satz, we calculate the dissociation
temperatures of heavy quarkonia taking into account the angular momentum
selection rules and using a temperature-dependent potential inferred from
lattice gauge calculations. We find that the selection rules change the
dissociation temperatures substantially for charmonia but only slightly for
bottomia. A quarkonium system in thermal equilibrium with the medium can
dissociate by thermalization. The fraction of quarkonium lying above the
dissociation threshold increases as temperature increases. A quarkonium can
also dissociate by colliding with light hadrons. We evaluate the cross sections
for the dissociation of $J/\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ in collision with $\pi$ as a
function of the temperature of the hadron medium, using the quark-interchange
model of Barnes and Swanson. We find that as the temperature increases, the
threshold energy decreases and the dissociation cross section increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129091 </DOCNO>
The Gravitational Million-Body Problem


  We review what has been learned recently using N-body simulations about the
evolution of globular clusters. While simulations of star clusters have become
more realistic, and now include the evolution of single and binary stars, the
prospect of reaching large enough N is still a distant one. Nevertheless more
restricted kinds of simulations have recently brought valuable progress for
certain problems of current observational interest, including the origin and
structure of tidal tails of globular clusters. In addition, such simulations
have forced us to rethink some basic aspects of stellar dynamics, including, in
particular, the process of escape. Finally we turn to faster, approximate
methods for studying star cluster dynamics, where the role of N-body
simulations is one of calibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4803 </DOCNO>
Optimised Traffic Flow at a Single Urban Crossrtoads: Dynamical Symmetry


  We propose a stochastic model for the intersection of two urban streets. The
traffic state at the crossroads is controlled by a set of traffic lights, which
periodically switch to red and green with a total period of T. Vehicular
dynamics is simulated and total delay experienced by the traffic is evaluated
within a definite time interval. Minimizing the delay give rises to the optimum
signalization of traffic lights. It is shown that two different phases are
identified. In the light traffic phase, the green times should be distributed
to the streets on an equal basis. In the congested phase, minimizing the delay
enforces us to break the symmetry between the roads by allocating the majority
of green times to one of the roads. In contrast to our common sense, dividing
the green times on an equal basis, leads to unfairness to drivers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148164 </DOCNO>
Towards the complete N=2 superfield Born-Infeld action with partially


  We propose a systematic way of constructing $N=2, d=4$ superfield Born-Infeld
action with a second nonlinearly realized N=2 supersymmetry. The latter,
together with the manifest N=2 supersymmetry, form a central-charge extended
$N=4, d=4$ supersymmetry. We embed the Goldstone-Maxwell N=2 multiplet into an
infinite-dimensional off-shell supermultiplet of this N=4 supersymmetry and
impose an infinite set of covariant constraints which eliminate all extra N=2
superfields through the Goldstone-Maxwell one. The Born-Infeld superfield
Lagrangian density is one of these composite superfields. The constraints can
be solved by iterations to any order in the fields. We present the sought N=2
Born-Infeld action up to the 10th order. It encompasses the action found
earlier by Kuzenko and Theisen to the 8th order from a self-duality
requirement. This is a strong indication that the complete N=2 Born-Infeld
action with partially broken N=4 supersymmetry is also self-dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86258 </DOCNO>
Testing General Relativity with LAGEOS, LAGEOS II and Ajisai


  The accuracy reached in the past few years by Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)
allows for measuring even tiny features of the Earth's gravitational field
predicted by Einstein's General Relativity by means of artificial satellites.
The gravitomagnetic dragging of the orbit of a test body is currently under
measurement by analyzing a suitable combination of the orbital residuals of
LAGEOS and LAGEOS II. The lower bound of the error in this experiment amount to
12.92%. It is due to the mismodeling in the even zonal harmonics of the
geopotential which are the most important sources of systematic error. A
similar approach could be used in order to measure the relativistic
gravitoelectric pericenter shift in the field of the Earth with a lower bound
of the systematic relative error of 0.6% due to the even zonal harmonics as
well. The inclusion of the ranging data to the Japanese passive geodetic
satellite Ajisai would improve such limits to 10.78% and 0.08% respectively and
would allow to improve the accuracy in the determination of the PPN parameters
beta and gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113406 </DOCNO>
Birth and Early Development of Indian Astronomy


  This paper provides an overview of the birth and early development of Indian
astronomy. Taking account of significant new findings from archaeology and
literary analysis, it is shown that early mathematical astronomy arose in India
in the second millennium BC. The paper reviews the astronomy of the period of
the Vedas, the Brahmanas, and the Vedanga Jyotisha. The origins of Puranic
cosmology are also explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86885 </DOCNO>
Is the Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946 a Hadronic Cosmic Ray


  The non-thermal supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) has recently
been shown to be a site of cosmic ray (CR) electron acceleration to TeV
energies (Muraishi et al. 2000). Here we present evidence that this remnant is
also accelerating CR nuclei. Such nuclei can interact with ambient interstellar
gas to produce high energy gamma-rays via the decay of neutral pions. We
associate the unidentified EGRET GeV gamma- ray source 3EG J1714-3857 with a
massive (~3*10 5 Mo) and dense (~500 nucleons cm -3) molecular cloud
interacting with RX J1713.7-3946. Direct evidence for such interaction is
provided by observations of the lowest two rotational transitions of CO in the
cloud; as in other clear cases of interaction, the CO(J=2-1)/CO(J=1-0) ratio is
significantly enhanced. Since the cloud is of low radio and X-ray brightness,
CR electrons cannot be responsible for the bulk of its GeV emission there. A
picture thus emerges where both electrons and nuclei are being accelerated by
the SNR: whereas the CR electrons dominate the local non-thermal radio, X-ray
and TeV emission, the shock accelerated CR protons and ions (hadrons) are
revealed through their interactions in the adjacent massive cloud. Such a
scenario had been anticipated by Aharonian, Drury and Volk (1994).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3738 </DOCNO>
Nematic - Isotropic Transition in Porous Media - a Monte Carlo Study


  We propose a lattice model to simulate the influence of porous medium on the
Nematic - Isotropic transition of liquid crystal confined to the pores. The
effects of pore size and pore connectivity are modelled through a disorder
parameter. Monte Carlo calculations based on the model leads to results that
compare well with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126564 </DOCNO>
The Altitude of an Infrared Bright Cloud Feature on Neptune from


  We present 2.03-2.30 micron near-infrared spectroscopy of Neptune taken 1999
June 2 (UT) with the W.M. Keck Observatory's near-infrared spectrometer
(NIRSPEC) during the commissioning of the instrument. The spectrum is dominated
by a bright cloud feature, possibly a storm or upwelling, in the southern
hemisphere at approximately 50 degrees S latitude. The spectrum also includes
light from a dimmer northern feature at approximately 30 degrees N latitude. We
compare our spectra (R ~ 2000) of these two features with a simple model of
Neptune's atmosphere. Given our model assumption that the clouds are flat
reflecting layers, we find that the top of the bright southern cloud feature
sat at a pressure level of 0.14 (+0.05, -0.03) bar, and thus this cloud did not
extend into the stratosphere (P < 0.1 bar). A similar analysis of the dimmer
northern feature gives a cloud-top pressure of 0.084 +/- 0.026 bar. This
suggests that the features we observed efficiently transport methane to the
base of the stratosphere, but do not directly transport methane to the upper
stratosphere (P < 0.01-0.001 bar) where photolysis occurs. Our observations do
not constrain how far these clouds penetrate down into the troposphere. We find
that our model fits to the data restrict the fraction of molecular hydrogen in
ortho/para thermodynamic equilibrium to greater than 0.8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129109 </DOCNO>
Polarization of X-ray emission from the Sgr B2 cloud


  The Sgr B2 giant molecular cloud is claimed to be an "X-ray reflection
nebula" - the reprocessing site of a powerful flare of the Sgr A* source,
occurred few hundred years ago. The shape of the X-ray spectrum and the
strength of the iron fluorescent line support this hypothesis. We argue that
the most clean test of the origin of X-rays from Sgr B2 would be a detection of
polarized emission from this source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123832 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamic Structure of an Outer Gap Accelerator: Location of the


  We investigate a stationary pair production cascade in the outer
magnetosphere of a spinning neutron star. The charge depletion due to global
flows of charged particles, causes a large electric field along the magnetic
field lines. Migratory electrons and/or positrons are accelerated by this field
to radiate curvature gamma-rays, some of which collide with the X-rays to
materialize as pairs in the gap. The replenished charges partially screen the
electric field, which is self-consistently solved together with the
distribution functions of particles and gamma-rays. If no current is injected
at neither of the boundaries of the accelerator, the gap is located around the
conventional null surface, where the local Goldreich-Julian charge density
vanishes. However, we first find that the gap position shifts outwards (or
inwards) when particles are injected at the inner (or outer) boundary. Applying
the theory to the Crab pulsar, we demonstrate that the pulsed TeV flux does not
exceed the observational upper limit for moderate infrared photon density and
that the gap should be located near to or outside of the conventional null
surface so that the observed spectrum of pulsed GeV fluxes may be emitted via a
curvature process. Some implications of the existence of a solution for a super
Goldreich-Julian current are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113414 </DOCNO>
Assessment of W1 and W2 theories for the computation of electron


  The performance of two recent {\em ab initio} computational thermochemistry
schemes, W1 and W2 theory [J.M.L. Martin and G. de Oliveira, J. Chem. Phys.
111, 1843 (1999}], is assessed for an enlarged sample of thermochemical data
consisting of the ionization potentials and electron affinities in the G2-1 and
G2-2 sets, as well as the heats of formation in the G2-1 and a subset of the
G2-2 set. We find W1 theory to be several times more accurate for ionization
potentials and electron affinities than commonly used (and less expensive)
computational thermochemistry schemes such as G2, G3, and CBS-QB3: W2 theory
represents a slight improvement for electron affinities but no significant one
for ionization potentials. The use of a two-point $A+B/L^5$ rather than a
three-point $A+B/C^L$ extrapolation for the SCF component greatly enhances the
numerical stability of the W1 method for systems with slow basis set
convergence. Inclusion of first-order spin-orbit coupling is essential for
accurate ionization potentials and electron affinities involving degenerate
electronic states: inner-shell correlation is somewhat more important for
ionization potentials than for electron affinities, while scalar relativistic
effects are required for the highest accuracy. The mean deviation from
experiment for the G2-1 heats of formation is within the average experimental
uncertainty. W1 theory appears to be a valuable tool for obtaining benchmark
quality proton affinities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124651 </DOCNO>
On the Surface Waves in the Solar Photosphere


  The regular structures similar to the chains and clusters on the Solar
Photosphere are investigated and mechanism these origin are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168679 </DOCNO>
Novel Cascaded Ultra Bright Pulsed Source of Polarization Entangled


  A new ultra bright pulsed source of polarization entangled photons has been
realized using type-II phase matching in spontaneous parametric down conversion
process in two cascaded crystals. The optical axes of the crystals are aligned
in such a way that the extraordinarily (ordinarily) polarized cone from one
crystal overlaps with the ordinarily (extraordinarily) polarized cone from the
second crystal. This spatial overlapping removes the association between the
polarization and the output angle of the photons that exist in a single type-II
down conversion process. Hence, entanglement of photons originating from any
point on the output cones is possible if a suitable optical delay line is used.
This delay line is particularly simple and easy to implement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179395 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of equations governing nucleon dynamics and nonlocality


  We discuss the problem of renormalization of dynamical equations which arises
in an effective field theory description of nuclear forces. By using a toy
model of the separable NN potential leading to logarithmic singularities in the
Born series, we show that renormalization gives rise to nucleon dynamics which
is governed by a generalized dynamical equation with a nonlocal-in-time
interaction operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179092 </DOCNO>
Meson exchange in the weak decay of Lambda hypernuclei and the


  We take an approach to the Lambda non-mesonic weak decay in nuclei based on
the exchange of mesons. The one pion and one kaon exchange are considered,
together with the exchange of two pions, either correlated, leading to an
important scalar-isoscalar exchange (sigma-like exchange), or uncorrelated (box
diagrams). Extra effects of omega exchange in the scalar-isoscalar channel are
also considered. Constraints of chiral dynamics are used to generate these
exchanges. A drastic reduction of the OPE results for the Gamma_n/Gamma_p ratio
is obtained and the new results are compatible with all present experiments
within errors. The absolute rates obtained for different nuclei are also in
good agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179216 </DOCNO>
On Properties of the Isoscalar Giant Dipole Resonance


  Main properties (strength function, energy-dependent transition density,
branching ratios for direct nucleon decay) of the isoscalar giant dipole
resonance in several medium-heavy mass spherical nuclei are described within a
continuum-RPA approach, taking into account the smearing effect. All model
parameters used in the calculations are taken from independent data.
Calculation results are compared with available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125273 </DOCNO>
JHK Spectra of the z=2.39 Radio Galaxy 53W002


  We present low-resolution, near-IR JHK spectra of the weak z=2.39 radio
galaxy 53W002, obtained with the OH-airglow Suppressor spectrograph (OHS) and
Cooled Infrared Spectrograph and Camera for OHS (CISCO) on the Subaru
Telescope. They cover rest-frame wavelengths of 3400-7200 A, and the emission
lines of [O II]3727, Hb, [O III]4959, 5007, Ha, [N II]6548, 6583 and [S
II]6716, 6731 were detected. Using the Ha/Hb line ratio, we find an extinction
of E(B-V)=0.14. The emission-line ratios are reproduced by a cloud of electron
density n_e=1x10^{3-4}(/cm3) with solar metallicity, ionized by an alpha=-0.7
power-law continuum with ionizing parameter U=1x10^-3. In addition to these
emission lines, we make the first spectroscopic confirmation of the Balmer
discontinuity in a high-z radio galaxy. Together with rest-frame UV photometry
from the literature, we show that at least 1/3 of the present stellar mass was
formed in the current starburst. The stellar mass was estimated to be
(1-1.4)x10^11 M_sol by one-component model fitting, which is smaller than that
of typical z~1 B2/6C radio galaxies. We suggest that 53W002 is currently
assembling a large part of its stellar mass through merger events with the
surrounding sub-galactic clumps, some of which can be identified with the Lya
emitters detected in narrow-band imaging. After a few such events over the next
few Gyr, 53W002 will evolve into a massive elliptical galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113460 </DOCNO>
Turbulent Dynamos and Magnetic Helicity


  It is shown that the turbulent dynamo $\alpha$-effect converts magnetic
helicity from the turbulent field to the mean field when the turbulence is
electromagnetic while the magnetic helicity of the mean-field is transported
across space when the turbulence is electrostatic or due to the electron
diamagnetic effect. In all cases, however, the dynamo effect strictly conserves
the total helicity except for resistive effects and a small battery effect.
Implications for astrophysical situations, especially for the solar dynamo, are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124403 </DOCNO>
Accretion onto Black Holes and Neutron Stars: Differences and


  Accreting black holes and neutron stars at luminosities above 0.01 of the
critical Eddington luminosity have a lot of similarities, but also drastic
differences in their radiation and power density spectra. The efficiency of
energy release due to accretion onto a rotating neutron star usually is higher
than in the case of a black hole. The theory of the spreading layer on the
surface of an accreting neutron star is discussed. It predicts the appearance
of two bright belts equidistant from the equator. This layer is unstable and
its radiation flux must vary with high frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168036 </DOCNO>
Identification of all Hardy-type correlations for two photons or


  By using an alternative, equivalent form of the CHSH inequality and making
extensive use of the experimentally testable property of physical locality we
determine the 64 different Bell-type inequalities (each one involving four
joint probabilities) into which Hardy's nonlocality theorem can be cast. This
allows one to identify all the two-qubit correlations which can exhibit
Hardy-type nonlocality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128567 </DOCNO>
A scaling law of interstellar depletions as a tool for abundance studies


  An analytical expression is presented that allows dust depletions to be
estimated in different types of interstellar environments, including Damped Ly
alpha systems. The expression is a scaling law of a reference depletion pattern
and takes into account the possibility that the dust chemical composition may
vary as a function of the dust-to-metals ratio and of the intrinsic abundances
of the medium. Preliminary tests and applications of the proposed scaling law
are briefly reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3209 </DOCNO>
Charge pairing, superconducting transition and supersymmetry in


  We propose a model for high-T$_{c}$ superconductors, valid for
$0\leq\delta\leq\delta_{SC}$, that includes both the spin fluctuations of the
Cu$^{++}$ magnetic ions and of the O$^{--}$ doped holes. Spin-charge separation
is taken into account with the charge of the doped holes being associated to
quantum skyrmion excitations (holons) of the Cu$^{++}$ spin background. The
holon effective interaction potential is evaluated as a function of doping,
indicating that Cooper pair formation is determined by the competition between
the spin fluctuations of the Cu$^{++}$ background and of spins of the O$^{--}$
doped holes (spinons). The superconducting transition occurs when the spinon
fluctuations dominate, thereby reversing the sign of the interaction. At this
point ($\delta = \delta_{SC}$), the theory is supersymmetric at short distances
and, as a consequence, the leading order results are not modified by radiative
corrections. The critical doping parameter for the onset of superconductivity
at T=0 is obtained and found to be a universal constant determined by the shape
of the Fermi surface. Our theoretical values for $\delta_{SC}$ are in good
agreement with the experiment for both LSCO and YBCO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7406 </DOCNO>
Imaging the granular structure of high-Tc superconductivity in


  Granular superconductivity occurs when microscopic superconducting grains are
separated by non-superconducting regions through which they communicate by
Josephson tunneling to establish the macroscopic superconducting state [1].
Although crystals of the cuprate high-Tc superconductors are not granular in a
structural sense, theory indicates that at low hole densities the holes can
become concentrated at some locations resulting in hole-rich superconducting
domains [2-5]. Granular superconductivity due to Josephson tunneling through
'undoped' regions between such domains would represent a new paradigm for the
underdoped cuprates. Here we report studies of the spatial interrelationships
between STM tunneling spectra in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x. They reveal an
apparent spatial segregation of the electronic structure into ~3nm diameter
domains (with superconducting characteristics and local energy gap delta<50
meV) in an electronically distinct background. To explore whether this
represents nanoscale segregation of two distinct electronic phases, we employ
scattering-resonances at Ni impurity atoms [6] as 'markers' for the local
existence of superconductivity [7-9]. No Ni-resonances are detected in any
regions where delta>50(2.5) meV. These observations suggest that underdoped
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x is a mixture of two different short-range electronic orders
with the long-range characteristics of a granular superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125722 </DOCNO>
Accretion-Induced Conversion of High-Velocity Neutron Stars to Strange


  We present a new model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that are not only
associated with supernovae but also have small baryon contamination. In this
model, we assume a newborn neutron star to move outward at a kick velocity of
$\sim 10^3 {\rm km} {\rm s}^{-1}$ in the supernova ejecta. We find that such a
neutron star still hypercritically accretes its surrounding supernova matter.
Once the stellar mass increases to some critical mass, the neutron star will
undergo a phase transition to become a strange star, leading to an energy
release of a few $10^{52}$ ergs. The phase transition, if possibly occuring
just near the supernova front, will first result in an ultra-relativistic
fireball and then a GRB. This provides a plausible explanation for the
GRB-supernova association. We estimate the burst rate to be $\sim 10^{-6}$ per
year per galaxy. Our model also predicts other possiblities. For example, if
the resulting fireballs have a Lorentz factor of the order of a few, they will
produce X-ray GRBs observed by BeppoSAX. We find the rate of such bursts to be
$\sim 10^{-5}$ per year per galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95773 </DOCNO>
Long-time asymptotics of the Navier-Stokes and vorticity equations on


  We use the vorticity formulation to study the long-time behavior of solutions
to the Navier-Stokes equation on R^3. We assume that the initial vorticity is
small and decays algebraically at infinity. After introducing self-similar
variables, we compute the long-time asymptotics of the rescaled vorticity
equation up to second order. Each term in the asymptotics is a self-similar
divergence-free vector field with Gaussian decay at infinity, and the
coefficients in the expansion can be determined by solving a finite system of
ordinary differential equations. As a consequence of our results, we are able
to characterize the set of solutions for which the velocity field converges to
zero faster than t^(-5/4) in energy norm. In particular, we show that these
solutions lie on a smooth invariant submanifold of codimension 11 in our
function space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113757 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Analysis of Human Electroencephalogram


  The scaling behaviors of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) time series are
studied using detrended fluctuation analysis. Two scaling regions are found in
nearly every channel for all subjects examined. The scatter plot of the scaling
exponents for all channels (up to 129) reveals the complicated structure of a
subject's brain activity. Moment analyses are performed to extract the gross
features of all the scaling exponents, and another universal scaling behavior
is identified. A one-parameter description is found to characterize the
fluctuation properties of the nonlinear behaviors of the brain dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5487 </DOCNO>
Effect of pressure on magnetic structure in heavy fermion CeRhIn5


  The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the incommensurate antiferromagnetic
structure of CeRhIn5 is investigated with neutron diffraction using a He
pressure cell. At 3.8 kbar, the staggered magnetic moment is 0.37(4) Bohr
magneton per Ce at 1.6 K, which is the same as the ambient-pressure value. The
Neel temperature T_N=3.8(1) K is also the same as the ambient-pressure one,
although the curve of order parameter has changed by pressure. The
incommensurability "delta" of the magnetic wave vector q_M=(1/2,1/2,"delta")
has reduced from "delta"=0.297 at ambient pressure to "delta"=0.294(1) at 3.8
kbar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148999 </DOCNO>
Why Matrix theory works for oddly shaped membranes


  We give a simple proof of why there is a Matrix theory approximation for a
membrane shaped like an arbitrary Riemann surface. As corollaries, we show that
noncompact membranes cannot be approximated by matrices and that the Poisson
algebra on any compact phase space is U(infinity). The matrix approximation
does not appear to work properly in theories such as IIB string theory or
bosonic membrane theory where there is no conserved 3-form charge to which the
membranes couple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6296 </DOCNO>
Excitons and Two-dimensional Screening: Critical Screening Lengths


  A beautiful and intriguing relationship has recently been proposed to express
the critical screening lengths associated with the apparition of new bound
states for the two-dimensional statically screened Coulomb potential.
Semiclassical quantum theory show that this relationship is unfortunately not
strictly exact. These results are confirmed by a variational calculation, which
provides upper bounds for the critical screening lengths in the case $l \geq
1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4748 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour of driven bilayer systems: A field-theoretic


  We investigate the static and dynamic critical behaviour of a uniformly
driven bilayer Ising lattice gas at half filling. Depending on the strength of
the interlayer coupling J, phase separation occurs across or within the two
layers. The former transitions are controlled by the universality class of
model A (corresponding to an Ising model with Glauber dynamics), with upper
critical dimension d_c=4. The latter transitions are dominated by the
universality class of the standard (single-layer) driven Ising lattice gas,
with d_c=5 and a non-classical anisotropy exponent. These two distinct critical
lines meet at a non-equilibrium bicritical point which also falls into the
driven Ising class. At all transitions, novel couplings and dangerous
irrelevant operators determine corrections to scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72396 </DOCNO>
Lattice measurement of the scalar propagator near the symmetry breaking


  Recent lattice simulations of $(\lambda \Phi^4)_4$ theories in the broken
phase show that : a) the shifted field propagator is well reproduced by the
simple 2-parameter form ${{Z_{\rm prop}}\over{p^2 + M^2_h}}$ at finite momenta
but strongly differs for $p \to 0$ b) the bare zero-momentum two-point function
$\Gamma_2(0)= \frac{d^2 V_{\rm eff}}{d \phi^2_B}|_{\phi_B= \pm v_B}$ gives a
value of $Z_\phi \equiv {{M^2_h}\over{\Gamma_2(0)}}$ that increases when
approaching the continuum limit. This supports theoretical expectations where
$v_B$ is related by an infinite re-scaling to the `physical Higgs condensate'
$v_R$ defined through $\frac{d^2 V_{\rm eff}}{d \phi^2_R}|_{\phi_R= \pm
v_R}=M^2_h$. New lattice data collected around the phase transition confirm
this scenario. By denoting $M_{\rm SB} \equiv M_h ={\cal O} (v_R)$ the scale of
the broken phase, our results suggest the existence of a `hierarchy' of scales
$\Gamma_2(0) \ll M^2_{\rm SB} \ll v^2_B$ that become infinitely far in the
continuum limit. This may open unexpected possibilities to reconcile an
infinitesimal slope of the effective potential with finite values of $M_h$ and
accomodate very different mass scales in the framework of a spontaneously
broken theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75018 </DOCNO>
Second moment of quark structure function of the rho-meson in QCD sum


  The second moments of the quark structure functions of the longitudinally and
transversally polarized rho-mesons are calculated in the framework of QCD sum
rules in external fields. Operators of dimension 4 and 6 are taken into
account. The results are: 0.84 for the longitudinal polarization, 0.5 for the
transversal polarization. The large difference between these values indicates
that the rho-meson polarization strongly influences the internal structure. In
particular, in the case of the longitudinally polarized rho-meson the gluon sea
is found to be strongly suppressed, it is less than 0.20 - 0.25, whereas in
usual hadron case -- about 0.4 - 0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149973 </DOCNO>
Forces from Connes' geometry


  We try to give a pedagogical introduction to Connes' derivation of the
standard model of electro-magnetic, weak and strong forces from gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74825 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Gluon Production in Proton-Nucleus Collisions and in DIS


  We derive expressions for the gluon production cross sections in the single
diffractive proton-nucleus scattering and DIS processes in a quasi-classical
approximation. The resulting cross sections include the effects of all multiple
rescatterings in the classical background field of the target proton or
nucleus, which remains intact after the scattering. We also write down an
expression for the inclusive gluon production cross section in DIS in the
quasi-classical approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83583 </DOCNO>
Soundness, Idempotence and Commutativity of Set-Sharing


  It is important that practical data-flow analyzers are backed by reliably
proven theoretical results. Abstract interpretation provides a sound
mathematical framework and necessary generic properties for an abstract domain
to be well-defined and sound with respect to the concrete semantics. In logic
programming, the abstract domain Sharing is a standard choice for sharing
analysis for both practical work and further theoretical study. In spite of
this, we found that there were no satisfactory proofs for the key properties of
commutativity and idempotence that are essential for Sharing to be well-defined
and that published statements of the soundness of Sharing assume the
occurs-check. This paper provides a generalization of the abstraction function
for Sharing that can be applied to any language, with or without the
occurs-check. Results for soundness, idempotence and commutativity for abstract
unification using this abstraction function are proven.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41269 </DOCNO>
A Vademecum on Quark-Hadron Duality


  We present an elementary introduction to the problem of quark-hadron duality
and its practical limitations, in particular as it concerns local duality
violation in inclusive B meson decays. We show that the accurate definition of
duality violation elaborated over the recent years allows one to derive
informative constraints on violations of local duality. The magnitude of
duality violation is particularly restricted in the total semileptonic widths.
This explains its strong suppression in concrete dynamical estimates. We
analyze the origin of the suppression factors in a model-independent setting,
including a fresh perspective on the Small Velocity expansion. A new
potentially significant mechanism for violation of local duality in
\Gamma_sl(B) is analyzed. Yet we conclude that the amount of duality violation
in \Gamma_sl(B) must be safely below the half percent level, with realistic
estimates being actually much smaller. Violation of local duality in
\Gamma_sl(B) is thus far below the level relevant to phenomenology. We also
present a cautionary note on the B->D^* decay amplitude at zero recoil and show
that it is much more vulnerable to violations of quark-hadron duality than
\Gamma_sl(B). A critical review of some recent literature is given. We point
out that the presently limiting factor in genuinely model-independent
extraction of V_cb is the precise value of the short-distance charm quark mass.
We suggest a direct and precise experimental check of local quark-hadron
duality in semileptonic B->X_c l\nu decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76950 </DOCNO>
Unrenormalizable Theories are Predictive


  One of the the basic assumptions in perturbative renormalization as a
physical concept in a trivial, perturbatively renormalizable theory is that the
intrinsic cutoff of the theory is so large that the nonperturbative effects due
to the finite intrinsic cutoff become very small in the infrared regime. We
treat trivial theories, including unrenormalizable ones, in the Wilsonian
renormalization group approach, and extend the basic assumption
nonperturbatively so as to assume the maximal, instead of a large, intrinsic
cutoff for a given set of independent parameters. That is, the theory should
behave as a local continuum theory to the shortest distance. This is formulated
as the principle of maximal locality, and we find in concrete examples that the
principle enables us to make unique predictions in the infrared regime in terms
of a finite number of independent parameters. The principle will provide a way
for calculating quantum corrections in a low-energy effective theory of quantum
gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2113 </DOCNO>
The Origins of Phase Transitions in Small Systems


  The identification and classification of phases in small systems, e.g.
nuclei, social and financial networks, clusters, and biological systems, where
the traditional definitions of phase transitions are not applicable, is
important to obtain a deeper understanding of the phenomena observed in such
systems. Within a simple statistical model we investigate the validity and
applicability of different classification schemes for phase transtions in small
systems. We show that the whole complex temperature plane contains necessary
information in order to give a distinct classification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168878 </DOCNO>
Quantum coin flipping with arbitrary small bias is impossible


  Lo and Chau showed that an ideal quantum coin flipping protocol is
impossible. The proof was simply derived from the impossibility proof of
quantum bit commitment. However, the proof still leaves the possibility of a
quantum coin flipping protocol with arbitrary small bias.
  In this paper, we show that a quantum coin flipping protocol with arbitrary
small bias is impossible and show the lower bound of the bias of quantum coin
flipping protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96516 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in the gl(N)-NLS hierarchy on the half


  We describe an algebraic framework for studying the symmetry properties of
integrable quantum systems on the half line. The approach is based on the
introduction of boundary operators. It turns out that these operators both
encode the boundary conditions and generate integrals of motion. We use this
direct relationship between boundary conditions and symmetry content to
establish the spontaneous breakdown of some internal symmetries, due to the
boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114188 </DOCNO>
Some simple physical facts about the collapse of the Twin Towers


  An analysis of the collapse of the Twin Towers is carried on with the aid of
simple mechanical laws. The motion of the collapse front is calculated in terms
of geometric and energetic quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148479 </DOCNO>
Convergent Yang-Mills Matrix Theories


  We consider the partition function and correlation functions in the bosonic
and supersymmetric Yang-Mills matrix models with compact semi-simple gauge
group. In the supersymmetric case, we show that the partition function
converges when $D=4,6$ and 10, and that correlation functions of degree $k<
k_c=2(D-3)$ are convergent independently of the group. In the bosonic case we
show that the partition function is convergent when $D \geq D_c$, and that
correlation functions of degree $k < k_c$ are convergent, and calculate $D_c$
and $k_c$ for each group, thus extending our previous results for SU(N). As a
special case these results establish that the partition function and a set of
correlation functions in the IKKT IIB string matrix model are convergent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40713 </DOCNO>
Observation of $B\to \phi K$ and $B\to \phi K^{*}$


  We have studied two-body charmless hadronic decays of $B$ mesons into the
final states phi K and phi K^*. Using 9.7 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected
with the CLEO II detector, we observe the decays B- -> phi K- and B0 -> phi K*0
with the following branching fractions: BR(B- -> phi K-)=(5.5 +2.1-1.8 +- 0.6)
x 10^{-6} and BR(B0 -> phi K*0)=(11.5 +4.5-3.7 +1.8-1.7) x 10^{-6}. We also see
evidence for the decays B0 -> phi K0 and B- -> phi K*-. However, since the
statistical significance is not overwhelming for these modes we determine upper
limits of <12.3 x 10^{-6} and <22.5 x 10^{-6} (90% C.L.) respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96498 </DOCNO>
Divisors on $\mathcal{M}_{g,g+1}$ and the Minimal Resolution Conjecture


  We formulate a conjecture on the behavior of the minimal free resolutions of
sets of general points on arbitrary varieties embedded by complete linear
series, in analogy with the well-known Minimal Resolution Conjecture for points
in projective space. We then study in detail the case of curves. Our main
result is that the Minimal Resolution Conjecture holds for general points on
any canonical curve. On the other hand, for curves embedded with large degree,
it always fails at a well-specified spot in the Betti diagram. The results are
shown via techniques involving theta divisors associated to semistable vector
bundles, difference varieties in Jacobians, and divisor class calculations in
moduli spaces of curves with marked points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97889 </DOCNO>
GL(n,q) and Increasing Subsequences in Nonuniform Random Permutations


  Connections between longest increasing subsequences in random permutations
and eigenvalues of random matrices with complex entries have been intensely
studied. This note applies properties of random elements of the finite general
linear group to obtain results about the longest increasing subsequence in non-
uniform random permutations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98412 </DOCNO>
K3 surfaces via almost-primes


  Based on the result on derived categories on K3 surfaces due to Mukai and
Orlov and the result concerning almost-prime numbers due to Iwaniec, we remark
the following fact: For any given positive integer N, there are N (mutually
non-isomorphic) projective complex K3 surfaces such that their Picard lattices
are not isomorphic but their transcendental lattices are Hodge isometric, or
equivalently, their derived categories are mutually equivalent. After reviewing
some finiteness result, we also give an explicit formula for the cardinality of
the isomorphism classes of projective K3 surfaces having derived categories
equivalent to the one of X with Picard number 1 in terms of the degree of X.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41861 </DOCNO>
Rephasing Invariants of CP and T Violation in the Four-Neutrino Mixing


  We calculate the rephasing invariants of CP and T violation in a favorable
parametrization of the 4x4 lepton flavor mixing matrix. Their relations with
the CP- and T-violating asymmetries in neutrino oscillations are derived, and
the matter effects are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126458 </DOCNO>
A Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Spiral Galaxy Luminosities. II.


  This is the second of two papers based on a systematic multi-wavelength (X,
B, H, 12$\mu$m, FIR, 6cm) statistical analysis of the {\it Einstein Observatory
Galaxy Catalog} sample of 234 `normal' S0/a-Irr galaxies. This sample is
representative of spiral galaxies (Paper I), and its wide wavelength coverage
provides a unique opportunity for a systematic exploration of the relations
among different emission bands, that can give novel insight on the different
emission processes and their relation to galaxian components, as a function of
galaxy morphology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128290 </DOCNO>
Flux-loss of buoyant ropes interacting with convective flows


  We present 3-d numerical magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of a buoyant,
twisted magnetic flux rope embedded in a stratified, solar-like model
convection zone. The flux rope is given an initial twist such that it neither
kinks nor fragments during its ascent. Moreover, its magnetic energy content
with respect to convection is chosen so that the flux rope retains its basic
geometry while being deflected from a purely vertical ascent by convective
flows. The simulations show that magnetic flux is advected away from the core
of the flux rope as it interacts with the convection. The results thus support
the idea that the amount of toroidal flux stored at or near the bottom of the
solar convection zone may currently be underestimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126087 </DOCNO>
Non-uniform extinction in young open star clusters


  The extinction law and the variation of colour excess with position,
luminosity as well as spectral class in young open star clusters NGC 663,
NGC869, NGC 884, NGC 1502, NGC 1893, NGC 2244, NGC 2264, NGC 6611, Tr 14, Tr
15,Tr 16, Coll 228, Tr 37 and Be 86 have been studied. The difference in the
minimum and maximum values of E(B-V) of cluster members has been considered as
a measure of the presence of non-uniform gas and dust inside the clusters. Its
value ranges from 0.22 to 1.03 mag in clusters under study, which indicates
that non-uniform extinction is present in all the clusters. It has been noticed
for the first time in NGC 1502 and Tr 37. It is also found that the
differential colour excess in open clusters, which may be due to the presence
of gas and dust, decreases systematically with the age of clusters indicating
that matter is used either in star formation or blown away by hot stars or
both. There is no uniformity in the variation of E(B-V) with either position or
spectral class or luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41729 </DOCNO>
An Asymmetric e+e- Collider at the psi''


  A highly-asymmetric "psi'' factory" may be the best approach for studying D0
anti-D0 mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 634 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle picture of high temperature superconductors in the frame


  A model of a Fermi liquid with the fermion condensate (FC) is applied to the
consideration of quasiparticle excitations in high temperature superconductors,
in their superconducting and normal states. Within our model the appearance of
the fermion condensate presents a quantum phase transition, that separates the
regions of normal and strongly correlated electron liquids. Beyond the phase
transition point the quasiparticle system is divided into two subsystems, one
containing normal quasiparticles and the other --- fermion condensate localized
at the Fermi surface and characterized by almost dispersionless single-particle
excitations. In the superconducting state the quasiparticle dispersion in
systems with FC can be presented by two straight lines, characterized by
effective masses $M^*_{FC}$ and $M^*_L$, respectively, and intersecting near
the binding energy which is of the order of the superconducting gap. This same
quasiparticle picture persists in the normal state, thus manifesting itself
over a wide range of temperatures as new energy scales. Arguments are presented
that fermion systems with FC have features of a quantum protectorate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98532 </DOCNO>
Infinitesimal Operations on Graphs and Graph Homology


  We define a product, a coproduct, a differential, a bracket and a cobracket
on a chain complex of graphs introduced by Kontsevich. These structures fit
together in various ways to form both a Hopf algebra and a Batalin-Vilkovisky
algebra (and therefore also a Gerstenhaber algebra), as well as forming a Lie
bialgebra on the subcomplex spanned by one-particle irreducible graphs. All
operations descend to homology. Although they are highly nontrivial on chains,
it is unknown whether the bracket, cobracket or differential are nontrivial on
the homology level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98064 </DOCNO>
On Gorenstein log del Pezzo Surfaces


  In this paper, we first present the complete list of the singularity types of
the Picard number one Gorenstein log del Pezzo surface and the number of the
isomorphism classes with the given singularity type. Then we give out a method
to find out all singularity types of Gorenstein log del Pezzo surface. As an
application, we present the complete list of the Dynkin type of the Picard
number two Gorenstein log del Pezzo surfaces. Finally we present the complete
list of the singularity type of the relatively minimal Gorenstein log del Pezzo
surface and the number of the isomorphism classes with the given singularity
type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1035 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Vortices in High Temperature Superconductors


  It is suggested that modes, observed in recent neutron scattering experiments
by Lake {\it et al.}, on La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ in strong magnetic fields
($\approx$ 7 T), are due to the existence of antiferromagnetic moments
associated with the cores of vortices generated by the field. These moments
form one-dimensional chains along the $c$-axis (the vortex axis), which at
finite temperatures are disordered. At temperatures higher than 10 K the
correlation length gets shorter than the lattice parameter, resulting in no
scattering from coherent spin-waves above that temperature. The bandwidth of
the spin-waves is estimated to be $\approx$ 4 meV in accordance with the
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129615 </DOCNO>
ECHA J0843.3-7905: Discovery of an 'old' classical T Tauri star in the


  A limited-area survey of the eta Chamaeleontis cluster has identified 2 new
late-type members. The more significant of these is ECHA J0843.3-7905 (= IRAS
F08450-7854), a slowly-rotating (P = 12 d) M2 classical T Tauri (CTT) star with
a spectrum dominated by Balmer emission. At a distance of 97 pc and cluster age
of approx 9 Myr, the star is a nearby rare example of an 'old' CTT star and
promises to be a rewarding laboratory for the study of disk structure and
evolution in pre-main sequence (PMS) stars. The other new member is the M4
weak-lined T Tauri (WTT) star ECHA J0841.5-7853, which is the lowest mass (M =
0.2 M_sun) primary known in the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149168 </DOCNO>
Boundary effects in two-dimensional critical and off-critical systems


  Critical systems are described by conformal field theories, whose dynamics
can be exactly solved in two dimensions. In the presence of a boundary, with
the so-called method of images it is possible to study the surface critical
behaviour of these systems, and the conformal boundary conditions can be
related to the bulk operator content of the theory. After an overview of the
basic concepts of bulk and boundary conformal field theory, we present an
explicit calculation of some two-point correlation functions in Virasoro
minimal models with boundary. In the second part of the thesis, we summarize
the known results about perturbed conformal field theories, which describe the
dynamics of systems away from the critical point. We concentrate on cases in
which the off-critical massive field theory is integrable, with a corresponding
purely elastic and factorized scattering theory, focusing our attention on the
bootstrap approach. We also present the basic properties of affine Toda field
theories, whose S-matrices are closely related to the ones of some perturbed
minimal models. In the presence of a boundary, assuming that the boundary
conditions are compatible with integrability, the scattering theory is still
elastic and factorized. The analytic structure of the reflection matrix encodes
the boundary spectrum of the theory, in the light of a bootstrap approach
analogous to the bulk one. Starting from two kinds of known reflection
amplitudes, we have performed a detailed study of the boundary bound states
structure for the three E_{n} affine Toda field theories and for the
corresponding perturbed minimal models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129671 </DOCNO>
Discovery of 16.6 and 25.5 s Pulsations from the Small Magellanic Cloud


  We report the serendipitous detection of two previously unreported pulsars
from the direction of the Small Magellanic Cloud, with periods of 16.6 and 25.5
seconds. The detections are based on archival PCA data from the Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer (RXTE). The observation leading to these detections occurred in
September 2000 extending over 2.1 days with an exposure of 121 ks. A possible
identification of the 16.6 s pulsar with an X-ray source RX J0051.8-7310 seen
by both ROSAT and ASCA imaging X-ray satellites is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98289 </DOCNO>
Coherent transforms and irreducible representations corresponding to


  We study a class of algebras with non-Lie commutation relations whose
symplectic leaves are surfaces of revolution: a cylinder or a torus. Over each
of such surfaces we introduce a family of complex structures and Hilbert spaces
of antiholomorphic sections in which the irreducible Hermitian representations
of the original algebra are realized. The reproducing kernels of these spaces
are expressed in terms of the Riemann theta-function and its modifications.
They generate quantum K\"ahler structures on the surface and the corresponding
quantum reproducing measures. We construct coherent transforms intertwining
abstract representations of an algebra with irreducible representations, and
these transforms are also expressed via the theta-function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86398 </DOCNO>
The intrinsic derivative and centrifugal forces in general relativity:


  The tools developed in a preceding article for interpreting spacetime
geometry in terms of all possible space-plus-time splitting approaches are
applied to circular orbits in some familiar stationary axisymmetric spacetimes.
This helps give a more intuitive picture of their rotational features including
spin precession effects, and puts related work of Abramowicz, de Felice, and
others on circular orbits in black hole spacetimes into a more general context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76193 </DOCNO>
Abelian projected SU(2) Yang-Mills action for renormalisation group


  The dual Meissner effect scenario of confinement is discussed by studying the
low energy regime of SU(2) Yang-Mills in a maximal Abelian gauge. The Abelian
projected effective action is computed perturbatively. This serves as an input
for a study of the non-perturbative regime, which is undertaken using exact
renormalisation group methods. It is argued that the effective action derived
here contains the relevant degrees of freedom for confinement if ultraviolet
irrelevant vertices are retained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72979 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution of Black Holes in Brans-Dicke Gravity


  We consider a modified ``Swiss cheese'' model in Brans-Dicke theory, and use
it to discuss the evolution of black holes in an expanding universe. We define
the black hole radius by the Misner-Sharp mass and find their exact time
evolutions for dust and vacuum universes of all curvatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96210 </DOCNO>
Perverse sheaves and quantum Grothendieck rings


  We define a quantum analogue of the Grothendieck ring of finite dimensional
modules of a quantum affine algebra of simply laced type. The construction is
based on perverse sheaves on a variety related to quivers. We get also a new
geometric construction of the tensor category of finite dimensional modules of
a finite dimensional simple Lie algebra of type A-D-E.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2580 </DOCNO>
Topological interpretation of subharmonic mode locking in coupled


  A topological argument is constructed and applied to explain subharmonic mode
locking in a system of coupled oscillators with inertia. Via a series of
transformations, the system is shown to be described by a classical XY model
with periodic bond angles, which is in turn mapped onto a tight-binding
particle in a periodic gauge field. It is then revealed that subharmonic
quantization of the average phase velocity follows as a manifestation of
topological invariance. Ubiquity of multistability and associated hysteresis
are also pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73699 </DOCNO>
Positivity bounds on spin-one distribution and fragmentation functions


  We establish a connection between the distribution functions of quarks in
spin-one hadrons and the helicity matrix for forward scattering of antiquarks
off spin-one hadrons. From positivity of this matrix we obtain inequality
relations among the distribution functions. Analogous relations hold also for
fragmentation functions. The bounds we obtained can be used to constrain
estimates of unknown functions, occurring in particular in semi-inclusive deep
inelastic scattering or e+ e- annihilation with vector mesons in the final
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73756 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis in left-right symmetric theories


  The masses and mixing of the light left-handed neutrinos can be related to
those of the heavy right-handed neutrinos in left-right symmetric theories.
Properties of the light neutrinos are measured in terrestrial experiments and
the CP-violating decays of their heavy counterparts produce a baryon asymmetry
via the well-known leptogenesis mechanism. The left-handed Higgs triplet,
present in left-right symmetric theories, modifies the usual see-saw formula.
It is possible to relate the lepton asymmetry to the light neutrino parameters
when the triplet and the top quark through the usual see-saw mechanism give
dominant contribution to the neutrino mass matrix. We find that in this
situation the small angle MSW and vacuum solutions produce reasonable
asymmetry, whereas the large angle MSW case requires extreme fine-tuning of the
three phases in the mixing matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1532 </DOCNO>
Optical measurements of the superconducting gap in MgB2


  Far-infrared reflectivity studies on the polycrystalline intermetallic
compound MgB_2 with a superconducting transition temperature T_c=39 K were
performed at temperatures 20 K to 300 K. We observe a significant raise of the
superconducting-to-normal state reflectivity ratio below 70 cm^{-1}, with a
maximum at about 25-30 cm^{-1}, which gives a lower estimate of the
superconducting gap of 2\Delta(0)\approx3-4 meV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126026 </DOCNO>
High Spectral and Spatial Resolution Observations of Shocked Molecular


  The presence of OH (1720 MHz) masers, and the absence of counterparts at
1665/1667 MHz has proved to be a clear diagnostic of shocked molecular gas
associated with Galactic supernova remnants. This suggests that shocked
molecular gas should be associated with the OH (1720 MHz) masers that have been
detected in the circumnuclear disk (CND) and Sgr A East at the Galactic center.
In order to test this hypothesis, we observed the H$_2$ 1--0 S(1) and Br
$\gamma$ lines using NICMOS on the HST and UNSWIRF on the AAT, near the regions
where OH (1720 MHz) masers are detected in the CND and Sgr A East. We present
the distribution of H$_2$ in the North and South lobes of the CND and in Sgr A
East. H$_2$ emission accompanies almost all of the maser spots detected at the
Galactic center. In particular, we find a striking filamentary structure near
the Northwest of the CND and evidence that shocked molecular gas is associated
with the 70 \kms molecular cloud at the Galactic center. We argue that the
emission from the CND could arise in gas heated by the dissipation of the
random motion of clumps by collisions or the dissipation of turbulence in a
more homogeneous medium. In addition, highly red-shifted gas of up to 140 \kms\
close to the eastern edge of the Sgr A East shell is detected. These
observations combined with OH (1720 MHz) results suggest that the H$_2$ gas is
shocked and accelerated by the expansion of Sgr A East into the 50 and the 70
\kms cloud and into the lobes of the CND.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128087 </DOCNO>
Discovering internal symmetry in cosmology


  Internal (non-geometric) symmetry is recognized and studied as a new
phenomenon in cosmology. Symmetry relates cosmic vacuum to non-vacuum forms of
cosmic energies, which are dark matter, baryons, and radiation. It is argued
that the origin and physical nature of cosmic internal symmetry are due to the
interplay between gravity and electroweak scale physics in the early universe.
The time-independent characteristic number associated with this symmetry is
found in terms of the Planck energy and the electroweak energy scale. Cosmic
internal symmetry provides a framework which suggests a consistent solution to
both the `cosmic coincidence problem' and the `naturalness problem' that have
been considered as the most severe challenge to current concepts in cosmology
and fundamental physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86259 </DOCNO>
Moments of inertia of relativistic magnetized stars


  We consider principal moments of inertia of axisymmetric, magnetically
deformed stars in the context of general relativity. The general expression for
the moment of inertia with respect to the symmetric axis is obtained. The
numerical estimates are derived for several polytropic stellar models. We find
that the values of the principal moments of inertia are modified by a factor of
2 at most from Newtonian estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6310 </DOCNO>
Insulating and Fractional Quantum Hall States in the N=1 Landau Level


  The observation of new insulating phases of two-dimensional electrons in the
first excited Landau level is reported. These states, which are manifested as
re-entrant integer quantized Hall effects, exist alongside well-developed
even-denominator fractional quantized Hall states at nu=7/2 and 5/2 and new
odd-denominator states at nu=3+1/5 and 3+4/5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127088 </DOCNO>
Observations of O (1S) and O (1D) in Spectra of C/1999 S4 (LINEAR)


  We report on high spectral resolution observations of comet C/1999 S4
(LINEAR) obtained at McDonald Observatory in June and July 2000. We report
unequivocal detections of the O (1S) and O (1D) metastable lines in emission in
the cometary spectrum. These lines are well separated from any telluric or
cometary emission features. We have derived the ratio of the two red doublet
lines and show they are consistent with the predictions of the branching ratio.
We also derived a ratio of 0.06+/-0.01 for the green line flux to the sum of
the red line fluxes. This ratio is consistent with H2O as the dominant parent
for atomic oxygen. We have measured the widths of the lines and show that the
widths imply that there must be some parent of atomic oxygen in addition to the
H2O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6705 </DOCNO>
Surface states and their possible role in the superconductivity of MgB2


  We report layer-Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker calculations for bulk and surface
states as well as the corresponding angle resolved photoemission (ARPES)
intensities of MgB2. Our theoretical results reproduce very well the recent
ARPES data by Uchiyama et al., cond-mat/0111152. At least two surface states
are assigned. Consequences of SFS on the anisotropy of the upper critical
fields and other properties in the superconducting state of small grains in
micropowder samples are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113503 </DOCNO>
Self-Organizing Approach for Finding Borders of DNA Coding Regions


  A self-organizing approach is proposed for gene finding based on the model of
codon usage for coding regions and positional preference for noncoding regions.
The symmetry between the direct and reverse coding regions is adopted for
reducing the number of parameters. Without requiring prior training, parameters
are estimated by iteration. By employing the window sliding technique and
likelihood ratio, a very accurate segmentation is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3588 </DOCNO>
Dynamical random multiplicative cascade model in 1+1 dimensions


  Geometrical random multiplicative cascade processes are often used to model
positive-valued multifractal fields such as for example the energy dissipation
field of fully developed turbulence. A dynamical generalisation of these models
is proposed, which describes the continuous and homogeneous stochastic
evolution of the field in one space and one time dimension. Two-point
correlation functions are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 756 </DOCNO>
Unusual Properties of Anisotropic Hall Gas: Implication to Metrology of


  Physical properties of anisotropic compressible quantum Hall states and their
implications to integer quantum Hall effect are studied based on a mean field
theory on the von Neumann lattice. It is found that the Hall gas has unusual
thermodynamic properties such as negative pressure and negative compressibility
and unusual transport properties. Transport properties and density profile of
Hall gas states at half fillings agree with those of anisotropic states
discovered experimentally in higher Landau levels. Hall gas formed in the bulk
does not spread but shrinks, owing to negative pressure, and a strip of Hall
gas gives abnormal electric transport at finite temperature. Conductances at
finite temperature and finite injected current agree with recent experiments on
collapse and breakdown phenomena of the integer quantum Hall effect. As a
byproduct, existence of new quantum Hall regime, dissipative quantum Hall
regime, in which Hall resistance is quantized exactly even in the system of
small longitudinal resistance is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96267 </DOCNO>
A new kind of McKay correspondence from non-Abelian gauge theories


  The boundary chiral ring of a 2d gauged linear sigma model on a K\"ahler
manifold $X$ classifies the topological D-brane sectors and the massless open
strings between them. While it is determined at small volume by simple group
theory, its continuation to generic volume provides highly non-trivial
information about the $D$-branes on $X$, related to the derived category
$D^\flat(X)$. We use this correspondence to elaborate on an extended notion of
McKay correspondence that captures more general than orbifold singularities. As
an illustration, we work out this new notion of McKay correspondence for a
class of non-compact Calabi-Yau singularities related to Grassmannians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1822 </DOCNO>
Access time of an adaptive random walk on the world-wide Web


  We introduce and simulate the random walk that adapts move strategies
according to local node preferences on a directed graph. We consider graphs
with double-hierarchical connectivity and variable wiring diagram in the
universality class of the world-wide Web. The ensemble of walkers reveals the
structure of local subgraphs with dominant promoters and attractors of links.
The average access time decays with the distance in hierarchy $\Delta q$ as a
power $<t_{aw}> \sim (\Delta q)^{-\theta}$. The access to highly connected
nodes is orders of magnitude shorter compared to the standard random walk,
suggesting the adaptive walk as an efficient message-passing algorithm on this
class of graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126730 </DOCNO>
Power Spectra for Galaxy Shape Correlations


  It has recently been argued that the observed ellipticities of galaxies may
be determined at least in part by the primordial tidal gravitational field in
which the galaxy formed. Long-range correlations in the tidal field could thus
lead to an ellipticity-ellipticity correlation for widely separated galaxies. I
present results of a calculation of the angular power spectrum of intrinsic
galaxy shape correlations using a new model relating ellipticity to angular
momentum. I show that for low redshift galaxy surveys, the model predicts that
intrinsic correlations will dominate correlations induced by weak lensing, in
good agreement with previous theoretical work and observations. The model also
produces `E-mode' correlations enhanced by a factor of 3.5 over `B-modes' on
small scales, making it harder to disentangle intrinsic correlations from weak
lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97869 </DOCNO>
Leafwise Holomorphic Functions


  It is a well-known and elementary fact that a holomorphic function on a
compact complex manifold without boundary is necessarily constant. The purpose
of the present article is to investigate whether, or to what extent, a similar
property holds in the setting of holomorphically foliated spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129000 </DOCNO>
Inflationary Cosmology: Status and Prospects


  This article gives a brief overview of the status of attempts to constrain
inflation using observations, and examines prospects for future developments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97995 </DOCNO>
The FRT-dual U(O(G_q) \bowtie O(G_q)) and the q-Lorentz Algebra


  The algebra U(\hat O(G_q)) generated by the l-functionals on \hat
O(G_q):=O(G_q) \bowtie O(G_q) is considered, where O(G_q) is the coordinate
algebra of one of the standard quantum groups. It is shown that if q is not a
root of unity there is an isomorphism U(\hat O(G_q)) \simeq O(G_q)^op \bowtie
U(O(G_q)). This proves a conjecture of T. Hodges [Ho]. The results relate
several approaches to the quantum enveloping algebra corresponding to \hat
O(G_q). This applies in particular to various definitions of a q-Lorentz
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74040 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Structure of the Nucleon in the Perturbative Chiral


  We apply the perturbative chiral quark model (PCQM) at one loop to analyse
the electromagnetic structure of nucleons. This model is based on an effective
Lagrangian, where baryons are described by relativistic valence quarks and a
perturbative cloud of Goldstone bosons. Including the electromagnetic
interaction we first develop the formalism up to one-loop in the Goldstone
boson fluctuation relying on renormalization by use of counterterms. Local
gauge invariance is satisfied both on the Lagrangian level and also for the
relevant baryon matrix elements in the Breit frame. We apply the formalism to
obtain analytical expressions for the nucleon charge and magnetic form factors,
which are expressed in terms of fundamental parameters of low-energy
pion-nucleon physics (weak pion decay constant, axial nucleon coupling, strong
pion-nucleon form factor) and of only one model parameter (radius of the
nucleonic three-quark core). A detailed numerical analysis for the nucleon
magnetic moments, charge and magnetic radii and also for the momentum
dependence of form factors is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124025 </DOCNO>
Dusty Nuclear Disks and Filaments in Early Type Galaxies


  We examine the dust properties of a nearby distance-limited sample of early
type galaxies using the WFPC2 of the Hubble Space Telescope. Dust is detected
in 29 out of 67 galaxies (43%), including 12 with small nuclear dusty disks. In
a separate sample of 40 galaxies biased for the detection of dust by virtue of
their detection in the IRAS 100 micron band, dust is found in ~78% of the
galaxies, 15 of which contain dusty disks. In those galaxies with detectable
dust, the apparent mass of the dust correlates with radio and far infrared
luminosity, becoming more significant for systems with filamentary dust. A
majority of IRAS and radio detections are also associated with dusty galaxies
rather than dustless galaxies. This indicates that thermal emission from
clumpy, filamentary dust is the main source of the far-IR radiation in early
type galaxies. Dust in small disk-like morphology tends to be well aligned with
the major axis of the host galaxies, while filamentary dust appears to be more
randomly distributed with no preference for alignment with any major galactic
structure. This suggests that, if the dusty disks and filaments have a common
origin, the dust originates externally and requires time to dynamically relax
and settle in the galaxy potential in the form of compact disks. More galaxies
with visible dust than without dust display emission lines, indicative of
ionized gas, although such nuclear activity does not show a preference for
dusty disk over filamentary dust. There appears to be a weak relationship
between the mass of the dusty disks and central velocity dispersion of the
galaxy, suggesting a connection with a similar recently recognized relationship
between the latter and the black hole mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167977 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations and dissipation for a mirror in vacuum


  A mirror in the vacuum is submitted to a radiation pressure exerted by
scattered fields. It is known that the resulting mean force is zero for a
motionless mirror, but not for a mirror moving with a non-uniform acceleration.
We show here that this force results from a motional modification of the field
scattering while being associated with the fluctuations of the radiation
pressure on a motionless mirror. We consider the case of a scalar field in a
two-dimensional spacetime and characterize the scattering upon the mirror by
frequency dependent transmissivity and reflectivity functions obeying
unitarity, causality and high frequency transparency conditions. We derive
causal expressions for dissipation and fluctuations and exhibit their relation
for any stationary input. We recover the known damping force at the limit of a
perfect mirror in vacuum. Finally, we interpret the force as a mechanical
signature of the squeezing effect associated with the mirror's motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179156 </DOCNO>
Compton scattering on the nucleon at intermediate energies and


  A microscopic calculation of Compton scattering on the nucleon is presented
which encompasses the lowest energies -- yielding nucleon polarizabilities --
and extends to energies of the order of 600 MeV. We have used the covariant
"Dressed K-Matrix Model" obeying the symmetry properties which are appropriate
in the different energy regimes. In particular, crossing symmetry, gauge
invariance and unitarity are satisfied. The extent of violation of analyticity
(causality) is used as an expansion parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127828 </DOCNO>
Confidence levels of evolutionary synthesis models III: On sampling and


  In terms of statistical fluctuations, stellar population synthesis models are
only asymptotically correct in the limit of a large number of stars, where
sampling errors become asymptotically small. When dealing with stellar
clusters, starbursts, dwarf galaxies or stellar populations within pixels,
sampling errors introduce a large dispersion in the predicted integrated
properties of these populations. We present here an approximate but generic
statistical formalism which allows a very good estimation of the uncertainties
and confidence levels in any integrated property, bypassing extensive Monte
Carlo simulations, and including the effects of partial correlations between
different observables. Tests of the formalism are presented and compared with
proper estimates. We derive the minimum mass of stellar populations which is
required to reach a given confidence limit for a given integrated property. As
an example of this general formalism, which can be included in any synthesis
code, we apply it to the case of young (t < 20 Myr) starburst populations. We
show that, in general, the UV continuum is more reliable than other continuum
bands for the comparison of models with observed data. We also show that
clusters where more than 10^5 Mo have been transformed into stars have a
relative dispersion of about 10% in Q(He+) for ages smaller than 3 Myr. During
the WR phase the dispersion increases to about 25% for such massive clusters.
We further find that the most reliable observable for the determination of the
WR population is the ratio of the luminosity of the WR bump over the Hbeta
luminosity. A fraction of the observed scatter in the integrated properties of
clusters and starbursts can be accounted for by sampling fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148953 </DOCNO>
Finite Temperature Closed Superstring Theory: Infrared Stability and a


  We clarify that as in the bosonic string a Z_2 twist in Euclidean time is
required for the absence of spurious massless vector bosons in a finite
temperature gas of closed fermionic strings. Extending to a super-orbifold
twist on worldsheet fermions we find that the Hagedorn radius of a gas of free
closed fermionic strings coincides with the Kosterlitz-Thouless point of a
${\hat c}$$=$1 superconformal field theory. We find that the gas of IIA strings
undergoes a phase transition into a gas of IIB strings at temperature T_C. A
gas of free heterotic strings undergoes a Kosterlitz-Thouless self-duality
transition at $T_C$ with positive free energy and positive specific heat but
vanishing internal energy at criticality. The low temperature vortex gas
transitions at $T_C$ to a high temperature long string phase. We show that in
the absence of Ramond-Ramond fluxes the IIA and IIB 10D flat supersymmetric
vacua are thermodynamically unstable below the minimum temperature
$T_{min}$$=$$(2/3)2^{1/2}T_{C}$ at which the leading tachyonic perturbation
turns marginal. The 10D heterotic superstrings have nonabelian gauge fields and
in the presence of a temperature dependent Wilson line background are found to
share a stable and tachyon-free ground state at all temperatures starting from
zero with gauge group SO(16)$\times$SO(16).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179494 </DOCNO>
Nuclei beyond the drip line


  In a Thomas-Fermi model, calculations are presented for nuclei beyond the
nuclear drip line at zero temperature. These nuclei are in equilibrium by the
presence of an external gas, as may be envisaged in the astrophysical scenario.
We find that there is a limiting asymmetry beyond which these nuclei can no
longer be made stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7034 </DOCNO>
First order transition and phase separation in pyrochlores with


  Tl$_{2}$Mn$_{2}$O$_{7}$ pyrochlores present colossal magnetoresistance (CMR)
around the long range ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T$_{C}$). The
character of this magnetic phase transition has been determined to be first
order, by purely magnetic methods, in contrast to the second order character
previously reported by Zhao et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 219 (1999)). The
highest CMR effect, as in Tl$_{1.8}$Cd$_{0.2}$Mn$_{2}$O$_{7}$, corresponds to a
stronger first order character. This character implies a second type of
magnetic interaction, besides the direct superexchange between the Mn$^{4+}$
ions, as well as a phase coexistence. A model is proposed, with a complete
Hamiltonian (including superexchange and an indirect interaction), which
reproduce the observed phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150228 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Conformal Invariance in a Non-Abelian Chern-Simons-Matter


  One shows here the existence of solutions to the Callan-Symanzik equation for
the non-Abelian SU(2) Chern-Simons-matter model which exhibits asymptotic
conformal invariance to every order in perturbative theory. The conformal
symmetry in the classical domain is shown to hold by means of a local criteria
based on the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. By using the recently
exhibited regimes for the dependence between the several couplings in which the
set of $\beta$-functions vanish, the asymptotic conformal invariance of the
model appears to be valid in the quantum domain. By considering the SU(n) case
the possible non validity of the proof for a particular n would be merely
accidental.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98310 </DOCNO>
On the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of products of ideal sheaves


  In this paper we give bounds on the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of
products of ideals and ideal sheaves. In particular, we show that the
regularity of a product of ideals is bounded by the sum of the regularities of
its factors if the corresponding schemes intersect in a finite set of points.
We also show how approximations of sheaves can be used to bound the regularity
of an arrangement of two-planes in projective space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6720 </DOCNO>
Radiatively-induced Magnetic moment in four-dimensional anisotropic QED


  We discuss one-loop radiatively-induced magnetic moment in four-dimensional
quantum electrodynamics (QED) with anisotropic coupling, and examine various
cases which may be of interest in effective gauge theories of antiferromagnets,
whose planar limit coresponds to highly anisotropic QED couplings. We find a
different scaling with the magnetic field intensity in case there are extra
statistical gauge interactions in the model with spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Such a case is encountered in the CP-1 sigma-model sector of effective
spin-charge separated gauge theories of antiferromagnetic systems. Our work
provides therefore additional ways of possible experimental probing of the
gauge nature of such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86373 </DOCNO>
Dark Energy and the Observable Universe


  We consider ever-expanding Big Bang models with a cosmological constant,
$\Lambda$, and investigate in detail the evolution of the observable part of
the universe. We also discuss quintessence models from the same point of view.
  A new concept, the $\Lambda$-sphere (or $Q$-sphere, in the case of
quintessence) is introduced. This is the surface in our visible universe which
bounds the region where dark energy dominates the expansion, and within which
the universe is accelerating. We follow the evolution of this surface as the
universe expands, and we also investigate the evolution of the particle and
event horizons as well as the Hubble surface. We calculate the extent of the
observable universe and the portion of it that can be seen at different epochs.
Furthermore, we trace the changes in redshift, apparent magnitude and apparent
size of distant sources through cosmic history. Our approach is different from,
but complementary to, most other contemporary investigations, which concentrate
on the past light cone at the present epoch.
  When presenting numerical results we use the FRW world model with
$\Omega_{m0} = 0.30$ and $\Omega_{\Lambda0} = 0.70$ as our standard
cosmological model. In this model the $\Lambda$-sphere is at a redshift of
0.67, and within a few Hubble times the event horizon will be stationary at a
fixed proper distance of 5.1 Gpc (assuming $h_0 = 0.7$). All cosmological
sources with present redshift larger than 1.7 have by now crossed the event
horizon and are therefore completely out of causal contact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76000 </DOCNO>
Long-distance contributions to the QCD pressure


  The QCD pressure is a most fundamental quantity, for which lattice data is
available up to a few times the critical temperature $T_c$. Perturbation
theory, even at very high temperatures, has serious convergence problems.
Combining analytical and 3d numerical methods, we show that it is possible to
compute the QCD pressure from about $2 T_c$ to infinity. We also describe an
algorithm to generate and classify high order Feynman diagrams which is
tailored to minimize computational effort.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76499 </DOCNO>
Heavy quarks and QCD matter


  I present recent results on the theory of QCD matter production in high
energy heavy ion collisions and on the interactions of heavy quarks in such
environment. The centrality and rapidity dependence of hadron production is
evaluated in semi--classical approach. The energy loss of heavy quarks in
matter is computed. The heavy--to--light meson ratio (e.g., D/pion) at moderate
transverse momenta is demonstrated to be both sensitive to the density of color
charges in the medium and infrared stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169432 </DOCNO>
The power of entangled quantum channels


  All communication channels are at bottom quantum mechanical. Quantum
mechanics contributes both obstacles to communication in the form of noise, and
opportunities in the use of intrinsically quantum representations for
information. This paper investigates the trade-off between power and
communication rate for coupled quantum channels. By exploiting quantum
correlations such as entanglement, coupled quantum channels can communicate at
a potentially higher rate than unentangled quantum channels given the same
power. In particular, given the same overall power, M coupled, entangled
quantum channels can send M bits in the same time it takes a single channel to
send a single bit, and in the same time it takes M unentangled channels to send
$\sqrt M$ bits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5076 </DOCNO>
DMSO-Induced Dehydration of DPPC Membranes Studied by X-ray Diffraction,


  The influence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on membrane thickness,
multilamellar repeat distance, and phase transitions of
1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was investigated by
X-ray diffraction and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC) study of water freezing and ice melting was
performed in the ternary DPPC /DMSO /water and binary DMSO /water systems. The
methods applied demonstrated the differences in membrane structure in three
sub-regions of the DMSO mole fraction (X_dmso): from 0.0 to 0.3 for the first,
from 0.3 to 0.8 for the second, and from 0.9 to 1.0 for the third sub-region.
The thickness of the intermembrane solvent at T =20C decreases from 14.4 +/-
1.8 A at X_dmso =0.0 to 7.8 +/- 1.8 A at X_dmso =0.1. The data were used to
determine the number of free water molecules in the intermembrane space in the
presence of DMSO. The results for 0.0 < X_dmso < 0.3 were explained in the
framework of DMSO-induced dehydration of the intermembrane space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169105 </DOCNO>
Optimizing Completely Positive Maps using Semidefinite Programming


  Recently, a lot of attention has been devoted to finding physically
realisable operations that realise as closely as possible certain desired
transformations between quantum states, e.g. quantum cloning, teleportation,
quantum gates, etc. Mathematically, this problem boils down to finding a
completely positive trace-preserving (CPTP) linear map that maximizes the
(mean) fidelity between the map itself and the desired transformation. In this
note we want to draw attention to the fact that this problem belongs to the
class of so-called semidefinite programming (SDP) problems. As SDP problems are
convex, it immediately follows that they do not suffer from local optima.
Furthermore, this implies that the numerical optimization of the CPTP map can,
and should, be done using methods from the well-established SDP field, as these
methods exploit convexity and are guaranteed to converge to the real solution.
Finally, we show how the duality inherent to convex and SDP problems can be
exploited to prove analytically the optimality of a proposed solution. We give
an example of how to apply this proof method by proving the optimality of Hardy
and Song's proposed solution for the universal qubit $\theta$-shifter
(quant-ph/0102100).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5235 </DOCNO>
Artificial market model based on deterministic agents and derivation of


  We proposed an artificial market model based on deterministic agents which
select their action depending on past price changes. Temporal development of
market price fluctuations is calculated numerically. Probability density
functions of market price changes have power tails. Autocorrelation coefficient
of the changes has an anti-correlation, and autocorrelation coefficient of
squared changes (volatility correlation function) has a long time correlation.
A probability density function of intervals between successive trades follows a
discrete exponential function. ARCH type stochastic process is theoretically
derived from temporal development of price changes in limit manner. We conclude
that volatility clustering results from self-organized criticality in dealers'
interactions through market price fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114264 </DOCNO>
Instantons and radial excitations in attractive Bose-Einstein


  Imaginary- and real-time versions of an equation for the condensate density
are presented which describe dynamics and decay of any spherical Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC) within the mean field appraoch. We obtain quantized energies
of collective finite amplitude radial oscillations and exact numerical
instanton solutions which describe quantum tunneling from both the metastable
and radially excited states of the BEC of 7Li atoms. The mass parameter for the
radial motion is found different from the gaussian value assumed hitherto, but
the effect of this difference on decay exponents is small. The collective
breathing states form slightly compressed harmonic spectrum, n=4 state lying
lower than the second Bogolyubov (small amplitude) mode. The decay of these
states, if excited, may simulate a shorter than true lifetime of the metastable
state. By scaling arguments, results extend to other attractive BEC-s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129730 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Screening of Gravitational Interaction and Planetary Motions


  A density disturbance in a system of gravitating mass, induced by a moving
selected body gives rise to a dynamical screening of Newtonian potential of
this body. When applied to the solar planetary system it means that as a result
of the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy its effective force potential appears
more weak than the Newtonian potential. The relevant modifications of main
relations of the solar dynamics are considered here and it is found in
particular that the reestimated period of the Earth revolution around the Sun
rises in 1 second per year and semimajor axis of the Earth orbit increases on 4
kilometers. Similar relations are obtained for other planets too. It may be
supposed that the inclusion of these effects can help to explain the observable
anomalous acceleration of spacecrafts Pioneer 10 and 11.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126251 </DOCNO>
Millihertz Optical/UV Oscillations in 4U 1626-67: Evidence for a Warped


  We have detected large-amplitude 0.3-1.2 mHz quasi-periodic oscillations
(QPOs) from the low-mass X-ray binary pulsar 4U 1626-67/KZ TrA, using UV
photometry from HST and ground-based optical photometry. These 1 mHz QPOs,
which have coherence (Nu/DeltaNu)=8, are entirely distinct from the 130 mHz
pulsar spin frequency, a previously known 48 mHz QPO, and the 42 min binary
period (independently confirmed here). Unlike the 48 mHz and 130 mHz
oscillations which are present in both the optical/UV and the X-ray emission,
the 1 mHz QPOs are not detected in simultaneous observations with RXTE. The rms
amplitude of the mHz QPO decreases from 15% in the far UV to 3% in the optical,
while the upper limit on a corresponding X-ray QPO is as low as 0.8%. We
suggest that the mHz oscillations are due to warping of the inner accretion
disk. We also report the detection of coherent upper and lower sidebands of the
130 mHz optical pulsations, with unequal amplitude and a spacing of 1.93 mHz
around the main pulsation. The origin of these sidebands remains unclear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127878 </DOCNO>
Detection of Cosmic Shear from STIS Parallel Archive Data: Data Analysis


  In June 1997, parallel observations using the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph (STIS) on the HST started to be taken in substantial numbers along
many different lines-of-sight. We are using the imaging data to investigate the
distortion of background galaxies by the gravitational field of the large scale
matter distribution, also known as Cosmic Shear. This poster presents the data
and the catalog production that leads to the cosmic shear result presented in
the poster "First Cosmic Shear results from STIS parallel program archive data"
(Haemmerle et al., this conference). The data is publicly available also at
http://www.stecf.org/projects/shear .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1556 </DOCNO>
One-dimensional Excitations in Superfluid $^4$He and $^3$He-$^4$He


  A normal-fluid component varying as T$^{2}$ is observed at very low
temperatures in superfluid $^4$He and $^3$He-$^4$He mixture films adsorbed in
alumina powder. The normal fluid appears to arise from thermally excited third
sound that has one-dimensional propagation characteristics. A Landau model of
third sound excitations in an infinite cylindrical pore by Saam and Cole
provides good agreement with the experimental measurements over a wide range of
$^4$He and $^3$He coverages. However, it is unclear why the powder substrate
can be modeled as having cylindrical pores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127523 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Hydrogen Reionization with Three Dimensional Radiative


  We present new calculations of the inhomogeneous process of cosmological
reionization by carefully following the radiative transfer in pre-computed
hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation. These new computations
represent an important step on the way towards fully self-consistent and
adaptive calculations which will eventually cover the enormous range of scales
from the sizes of individual mini-halos to the mean free path of ionizing
photons in the post-overlap Universe. The goal of such simulations is to
include enough realistic physics to accurately model the formation of early
structures and the end of the `dark ages'. Our new calculations demonstrate
that the process by which the ionized regions percolate the Universe is
complex, and that the idea of voids being ionized before overdense regions is
perhaps too simplistic. It seems that observational information pertaining to
the reionization epoch may now be in our grasp, through the detection of
Gunn-Peterson troughs at z~6. If so, then the comparison of information from
many lines of sight with simulations such as ours may allow us to disentangle
details of the ionization history and trace the early formation of structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73748 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative geometry as a realization of varying speed of light


  We examine the cosmological implications of space-time non-commutativity,
discovering yet another realization of the varying speed of light model.
  Our starting point is the well-known fact that non-commutativity leads to
deformed dispersion relations, relating energy and momentum, implying a
frequency dependent speed of light. A Hot Big Bang Universe therefore
experiences a higher speed of light as it gets hotter. We study the statistical
physics of this "deformed radiation", recovering standard results at low
temperatures, but a number of novelties at high temperatures: a deformed
Planck's spectrum, a temperature dependent equation of state $w=p/\rho$
(ranging from 1/3 to infinity), a new Stephan-Boltzmann law, and a new entropy
relation. These new photon properties closely mimic those of phonons in
crystals, hardly a surprising analogy. They combine to solve the horizon and
flatness problems, explaining also the large entropy of the Universe. We also
show how one would find a direct imprint of non-commutativity in the spectrum
of a cosmic graviton background, should it ever be detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98251 </DOCNO>
A note on general setting of white noise triple and positive generalized


  Let $\ce^{*}$ be the space of tempered distributions and $\m$ be the standard
Gaussian measure on $\ce^{*}$. Being motivated by the distribution theory on
infinite dimensional space by Cochran, Kuo and Sengupta (CKS) \cite{cks}, Asai,
Kubo and Kuo (AKK) have recently determined the best possible class
$C_{+,{1\over 2},1}^{(2)}$ of functions $u$ to constract white noise triple,
[\ce]_u\subset L^2(\ce^{*},\m) \subset [\ce]^{*}_u, and to characterize white
noise test function space $[\ce]_u$ and generalized function space
$[\ce]_u^{*}$ in the series of papers \cite{akk1}, \citeakk2}, \cite{akk3},
\cite{akk4}, \cite{akk5}. The notion of Legendre transformation plays important
roles to examine relationships between the growth order of holomorphic
functions (S-transform) and the CKS-space of white noise test and generalized
functions. It is well-known that a positive generalized function is induced by
a Hida measure $\nu$ (generalized measure). A Hida measure can be characterized
by integrability conditions on a function inducing the above triple
(\cite{akk5}). See also \cite{kuo99-1}, \cite{kuo99-2}, \cite{ob99} for an
overview of other recent developments in white noise analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169094 </DOCNO>
Distinguishability Measures and Ensemble Orderings


  We show that different distinguishability measures impose different orderings
on ensembles of N pure quantum states. This is demonstrated using ensembles of
equally probable, linearly independent, symmetrical pure states, with the
maximum probabilities of correct hypothesis testing and unambiguous state
discrimination being the distinguishability measures. This finding implies that
there is no absolute scale for comparing the distinguishability of any two
ensembles of N quantum states, and that distinguishability comparison is
necessarily relative to a particular discrimination strategy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83801 </DOCNO>
Communication Complexity and Secure Function Evaluation


  We suggest two new methodologies for the design of efficient secure
protocols, that differ with respect to their underlying computational models.
In one methodology we utilize the communication complexity tree (or branching
for f and transform it into a secure protocol. In other words, "any function f
that can be computed using communication complexity c can be can be computed
securely using communication complexity that is polynomial in c and a security
parameter". The second methodology uses the circuit computing f, enhanced with
look-up tables as its underlying computational model. It is possible to
simulate any RAM machine in this model with polylogarithmic blowup. Hence it is
possible to start with a computation of f on a RAM machine and transform it
into a secure protocol.
  We show many applications of these new methodologies resulting in protocols
efficient either in communication or in computation. In particular, we
exemplify a protocol for the "millionaires problem", where two participants
want to compare their values but reveal no other information. Our protocol is
more efficient than previously known ones in either communication or
computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72339 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Theory of Relativistic Particles Moving in a Quantum Field:


  We apply the open systems concept and the influence functional formalism
introduced in Paper I to establish a stochastic theory of relativistic moving
spinless particles in a quantum scalar field. The stochastic regime resting
between the quantum and semi-classical captures the statistical mechanical
attributes of the full theory. Applying the particle-centric world-line
quantization formulation to the quantum field theory of scalar QED we derive a
time-dependent (scalar) Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac (ALD) equation and show that it
is the correct semiclassical limit for nonlinear particle-field systems without
the need of making the dipole or non-relativistic approximations. Progressing
to the stochastic regime, we derive multiparticle ALD-Langevin equations for
nonlinearly coupled particle-field systems. With these equations we show how to
address time-dependent dissipation/noise/renormalization in the semiclassical
and stochastic limits of QED. We clarify the the relation of radiation
reaction, quantum dissipation and vacuum fluctuations and the role that initial
conditions may play in producing non-Lorentz invariant noise. We emphasize the
fundamental role of decoherence in reaching the semiclassical limit, which also
suggests the correct way to think about the issues of runaway solutions and
preacceleration from the presence of third derivative terms in the ALD
equation. We show that the semiclassical self-consistent solutions obtained in
this way are ``paradox'' and pathology free both technically and conceptually.
This self-consistent treatment serves as a new platform for investigations into
problems related to relativistic moving charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113971 </DOCNO>
Rippling patterns in aggregates of myxobacteria arise from cell-cell


  Experiments with myxobacterial aggregates reveal standing waves called
rippling patterns. Here, these structures are modelled with a simple discrete
model based on the interplay between migration and collisions of cells.
Head-to-head collisions of cells result in cell reversals. To correctly
reproduce the rippling patterns, a refractory phase after each cell reversal
has to be assumed, during which further reversal is prohibited. The duration of
this phase determines the wavelength and period of the ripple patterns as well
as the reversal frequency of single cells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6624 </DOCNO>
Conductance of one-dimensional quantum wires


  We discuss the conductance of quantum wires (QW) in terms of the
Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) theory. We use explicitly the charge
fractionalization scheme which results from the chiral symmetry of the model.
We suggest that results of the standard two-terminal (2T) conductance
measurement depend on the coupling of TLL with the reservoirs and can be
interpreted as different boundary conditions at the interfaces. We propose a
three-terminal (3T) geometry in which the third contact is connected weakly to
the bulk of TLL subjected to a large bias current. We develop a renormalization
group (RG) analysis for this problem by taking explicitly into account the
splitting of the injected electronic charge into two chiral irrational charges.
We study in the presence of {\it bulk} contact the leading order corrections to
the conductance for two different boundary conditions, which reproduce in the
absence of {\it bulk} contact, respectively, the standard 2T source-drain (SD)
conductance $G_{\rm SD}^{(2)}=e^2/h$ and $G_{\rm SD}^{(2)}=ge^2/h$, where $g$
is the TLL charge interaction parameter. We find that under these two boundary
conditions for the {\it end} contacts the 3T SD conductance $G_{\rm SD}^{(3)}$
shows an UV-relevant deviation from the above two values, suggesting new fixed
points in the ohmic limit. Non-trivial scaling exponents are predicted as a
result of electron fractionalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5764 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio study of model guanine assemblies: The role of pi-pi coupling


  Several assemblies of guanine molecules are investigated by means of
first-principle calculations. Such structures include stacked and
hydrogen-bonded dimers, as well as vertical columns and planar ribbons,
respectively, obtained by periodically replicating the dimers. Our results are
in good agreement with experimental data for isolated molecules, isolated
dimers, and periodic ribbons. For stacked dimers and columns, the stability is
affected by the relative charge distribution of the pi orbitals in adjacent
guanine molecules. pi-pi coupling in some stacked columns induces dispersive
energy bands, while no dispersion is identified in the planar ribbons along the
connections of hydrogen bonds. The implications for different materials
comprised of guanine aggregates are discussed. The bandstructure of dispersive
configurations may justify a contribution of band transport (Bloch type) in the
conduction mechanism of deoxyguanosine fibres, while in DNA-like configurations
band transport should be negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149287 </DOCNO>
Self-energy and Self-force in the Space-time of a Thick Cosmic String


  We calculate the self-energy and self-force for an electrically charged
particle at rest in the background of Gott-Hiscock cosmic string space-time. We
found the general expression for the self-energy which is expressed in terms of
the $S$ matrix of the scattering problem. The self-energy continuously falls
down outward from the string's center with maximum at the origin of the string.
The self-force is repulsive for an arbitrary position of the particle. It tends
to zero in the string's center and also far from the string and it has a
maximum value at the string's surface. The plots of the numerical calculations
of the self-energy and self-force are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41162 </DOCNO>
Search for Single Leptoquark and Squark Production in Electron-Photon


  A search for first generation scalar and vector leptoquarks (LQ) as well as
for squarks in R-parity violating SUSY models has been performed using e+e-
collisions collected with the OPAL detector at LEP at an e+e- centre-of-mass
energy sqrt(s_ee) of 189 GeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity
of about 160 pb-1. The dominant process for this search is e q -> LQ/squark ->
e q, nu q, where a photon, which has been radiated by one of the beam
electrons, serves as a source of quarks. The numbers of selected events found
in the two decay channels are in agreement with the expectations from Standard
Model processes. This result allows to set lower limits at the 95% confidence
level on the mass of first generation scalar and vector leptoquarks, and of
squarks in R-parity violating SUSY models. For Yukawa couplings lambda to
fermions larger than sqrt{4 pi alpha_em}, the mass limits range from 121
GeV/c^2 to 175 GeV/c^2 (149 GeV/c^2 to 188 GeV/c^2) depending on the branching
ratio beta of the scalar (vector) leptoquark state. Furthermore, limits are set
on the Yukawa couplings lambda for leptoquarks and lambda'_1jk for squarks, and
on beta as a function of the scalar leptoquark/squark mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6660 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of Energy Equipartition in a 2D Binary Vibrated Granular Gas


  We report experiments on the equipartition of kinetic energy between grains
made of two different materials in a mixture of grains vibrated in 2
dimensions. In general, the two types of grains do not attain the same granular
temperature, Tg = 1/2m v^2. However, the ratio of the two temperatures is
constant in the bulk of the system and independent of the vibration velocity.
The ratio depends strongly on the ratio of mass densities of the grains, but is
not sensitive to the inelasticity of grains. Also, this ratio is insensitive to
compositional variables of the mixture such as the number fraction of each
component and the total number density. We conclude that a single granular
temperature, as traditionally defined, does not characterize a multi-component
mixture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40996 </DOCNO>
Rare radiative B decays to orbitally excited K mesons


  The exclusive rare radiative B meson decays to orbitally excited axial-vector
mesons K_1^*(1270), K_1(1400) and to the tensor meson K_2^*(1430) are
investigated in the framework of the relativistic quark model based on the
quasipotential approach in quantum field theory. These decays are considered
without employing the heavy quark expansion for the s quark. Instead the s
quark is treated to be light and the expansion in inverse powers of the large
recoil momentum of the final K^{**} meson is used to simplify calculations. It
is found that the ratio of the branching fractions of rare radiative B decays
to axial vector K^*_1(1270) and K_1(1400) mesons is significantly influenced by
relativistic effects. The obtained results for B decays to the tensor meson
K_2^*(1430) agree with recent experimental data from CLEO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127496 </DOCNO>
3D Spatial Distribution of the Intergalactic Medium


  Very recently a new inversion method has been developped to analyze the
intergalactic medium seen in absorption in quasar spectra (the so-called
Lyman-alpha forest). This method is applied to recover the temperature of the
gas and the underlying density field. Using constraints from the Lyman-beta
forest, it is possible to recover this field up to over-densities delta=10. By
inverting the HI and CIV absorptions together it has been shown that the CIV/HI
ratio varies through the profile of strong lines, beeing larger in the wings.
The method can be applied to reconstruct the 3D density field from multiple
lines of sight and is shown to give good results up to mean separations of 3
arcmin. Results from a survey of QSO pairs performed with HST/STIS and
VLT/UVES-FORS are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4816 </DOCNO>
Interplay between single-particle and two-particle tunneling in normal


  We discuss how life-time broadening of quasiparticle states influences
single- and two-particle current transport through zero-energy states at normal
metal/d-wave superconductor junctions. We distinguish between intrinsic
broadening (imaginary part $\eta$ of the energy), which couples the bound
states with the superconducting reservoir, and broadening due to leakage
through the junction barrier, which couples the bound states with the normal
metal reservoir. We show that shot noise is highly sensitive to the mechanism
of broadening, while the conductance is not. In the limit of small but finite
intrinsic broadening, compared to the junction transparency $D$,
$\eta/\Delta_0\ll D$, the low-voltage shot noise at zero frequency and zero
temperature becomes proportional to the magnitude $\eta$ of intrinsic
broadening ($\Delta_0$ is the maximum d-wave gap).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3183 </DOCNO>
Energy Spectrum of Vortex Tangle


  The energy spectrum of superfluid turbulence in the absence of the normal
fluid is studied numerically. In order to discuss the statistical properties,
we calculated the energy spectra of the 3D velocity field induced by dilute and
dense vortex tangles respectively, whose dynamics is calculated by the
Biot-Savart law. In the case of a dense tangle, the slope of the energy
spectrum is changed at $k=2\pi/l$, where $l$ is the intervortex spacing. For
$k>2\pi/l$, the energy spectrum has $k^{-1}$ behavior in the same manner as the
dilute vortex tangle, while otherwise the slope of the energy spectrum deviates
from $k^{-1}$ behavior. We compare the behavior for $k<2\pi/l$ with the
Kolmogorov law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7263 </DOCNO>
Electrostatic mapping of nuclear pairing


  The traditional nuclear pairing problem is shown to be in one-to-one
correspondence with a classical electrostatic problem in two dimensions. We
make use of this analogy in a series of calculations in the Tin region, showing
that the extremely rich phenomenology that appears in this classical problem
can provide interesting new insights into nuclear superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148186 </DOCNO>
Anti-Grand Unification and the Phase Transitions at the Planck Scale in


  This review is devoted to Anti-Grand Unification and to the Multiple Point
Model solution of problems of the unification of gauge interactions. According
to this model, near the Planck scale there exists a Multiple Critical Point
(MCP), where vacua of all fields existing in nature are degenerate. The MCP
rules over the evolution of all inverse finestructure constants in the Standard
model and beyond it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168847 </DOCNO>
Multi Mode Interferometer for Guided Matter Waves


  We describe the fundamental features of an interferometer for guided matter
waves based on Y-beam splitters and show that, in a quasi two-dimensional
regime, such a device exhibits high contrast fringes even in a multi mode
regime and fed from a thermal source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129722 </DOCNO>
Most Supermassive Black Holes must be Rapidly Rotating


  We use the integrated spectrum of the X-ray background and quasars Spectral
Energy Distribution to derive the contribution of quasars to the energy output
of the Universe. We find a lower limit for the energy from accretion onto black
holes of 6%, of the total luminosity of the Universe and probably more, with
15% quite possible. Comparing these values with the masses of black holes in
the center of nearby galaxies we show that the accretion process must be on
average very efficient: at least 15% of the accreted mass must be transformed
into radiated energy. This further implies that most supermassive black holes
are rapidly rotating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129567 </DOCNO>
The REFLEX Cluster Survey: Probing the Mass Distribution in the Universe


  We summarize some of the major results obtained so far from the REFLEX survey
of X-ray clusters of galaxies, concentrating on the latest measurements of the
cluster X-ray luminosity function and two-point correlation function. The
REFLEX luminosity function provides the most homogeneous census of the
distribution function of masses in the local Universe, representing a unique
zero-redshift reference quantity for evolutionary studies. On the other hand,
the observed clustering of REFLEX clusters is very well described both in
amplitude and shape by the correlation function computed for a low-Omega_M CDM
model. The bidimensional correlation map xi(r_p,pi) shows no stretching along
the line of sight, indicating negligible spurious effects in the sample, with
at the same time a clear compression of the contours as expected in the
presence of coherent large-scale motions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81178 </DOCNO>
First results from a parametrized Fixed-Point QCD action


  We have constructed a new fermion action which is an approximation to the
(chirally symmetric) Fixed-Point action, containing the full Clifford algebra
with couplings inside a hypercube and paths built from renormalization group
inspired fat links. We present an exploratory study of the light hadron
spectrum and the energy-momentum dispersion relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95406 </DOCNO>
Correspondence principle for idempotent calculus and some computer


  This paper is devoted to heuristic aspects of the so-called idempotent
calculus. There is a correspondence between important, useful and interesting
constructions and results over the field of real (or complex) numbers and
similar constructions and results over idempotent semirings in the spirit of N.
Bohr's correspondence principle in Quantum Mechanics.
  Some problems nonlinear in the traditional sense (for example, the Bellman
equation and its generalizations) turn out to be linear over a suitable
semiring; this linearity considerably simplifies the explicit construction of
solutions.
  The theory is well advanced and includes, in particular, new integration
theory, new linear algebra, spectral theory and functional analysis. It has a
wide range of applications.
  Besides a survey of the subject, in this paper the correspondence principle
is used to develop an approach to object-oriented software and hardware design
for algorithms of idempotent calculus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73208 </DOCNO>
Entropy Production in Relativistic Hydrodynamics


  The entropy production occurring in relativistic hydrodynamical systems such
as the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in high-energy nuclear collisions is
explored. We study mechanisms which change the composition of the fluid, i.e.
particle production and/or chemical reactions, along with chemo- and
thermo-diffusion. These effects complement the conventional dissipative effects
of shear viscosity, bulk viscosity, and heat conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148065 </DOCNO>
Introduction to Supersymmetry


  These are expanded notes of lectures given at the summer school "Gif 2000" in
Paris. They constitute the first part of an "Introduction to supersymmetry and
supergravity" with the second part on supergravity by J.-P. Derendinger to
appear soon. The present introduction is elementary and pragmatic. I discuss:
spinors and the Poincar\'e group, the susy algebra and susy multiplets,
superfields and susy lagrangians, susy gauge theories, spontaneously broken
susy, the non-linear sigma model, N=2 susy gauge theories, and finally
Seiberg-Witten duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6781 </DOCNO>
Core Strings and Flux Spreading Near Pinning Centers


  At the nucleus of a superconducting vortex is a small, circular region where
superconductivity is destroyed. Like an atomic nucleus, this core may become
deformed, and such distortions can have important consequences in
non-equilibrium situations. Using Ginzburg-Landau theory, we have investigated
this phenomenon for vortices in the presence of artificial defects. We show
that when a vortex approaches the vicinity of a defect, an abrupt transition
occurs in which the vortex core develops a "string" extending to the defect
boundary, while simultaneously the supercurrents and associated magnetic flux
spread out and engulf the defect. The energetics of stretching the string
determines the pinning behavior of the vortex. Experimental consequences of
these strings are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168987 </DOCNO>
The unity between quantum field computation, real computation, and


  It is indicated that principal models of computation are indeed significantly
related. The quantum field computation model contains the quantum computation
model of Feynman. (The term "quantum field computer" was used by Freedman.)
Quantum field computation (as enhanced by Wightman's model of quantum field
theory) involves computation over the continuum which is remarkably related to
the real computation model of Smale. The latter model was established as a
generalization of Turing computation. All this is not surprising since it is
well known that the physics of quantum field theory (which includes Einstein's
special relativity) contains quantum mechanics which in turn contains classical
mechanics. The unity of these computing models, which seem to have grown
largely independently, could shed new light into questions of computational
complexity, into the central P (Polynomial time) versus NP (Non-deterministic
Polynomial time) problem of computer science, and also into the description of
Nature by fundamental physics theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41057 </DOCNO>
A New Precise Measurement of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment


  The muon (g-2) experiment at BNL has completed four data runs for the
positive muon, beginning in 1997 and has just finished its first run for the
negative muon. Recently the analysis of a 1.3 ppm result based on the 1999 run
was completed and published (a_\mu^+ = 11,659,202(14)(6) x 10^-10). The result
shows a tantalizing discrepancy with the Standard Model prediction of 2.6 times
the combined experimental and theoretical uncertainty. The muon (g-2)
experiment at BNL is ultimately aimed at measuring the anomalous magnetic
moment of the muon with a relative uncertainty of 0.35 ppm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128435 </DOCNO>
Cepheids as Distance Indicators: Some Current Problems


  A general review is given of the calibration of the Cepheid distance scale,
with particular reference to its use in the determination of H0. Emphasis is
placed on the advantage of using a galactic calibration of the Cepheid scale,
rather than relying on an adopted distance to the LMC. It is then possible to
use LMC data to test for possible metallicity effects on this scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128639 </DOCNO>
Collimated Energy-Momentum Extraction from Rotating Black Holes in


  For almost four decades, since the discovery of quasars, mounting
observational evidence has accumulated that black holes indeed exist in nature.
In this paper, I present a theoretical and numerical (Monte Carlo) fully
relativistic 4-D analysis of Penrose scattering processes (Compton at radii
between the marginally stable, marginally bound orbits and
gamma-gamma-->$e^-e^+$ pair production at the photon orbit) in the ergosphere
of a supermassive Kerr (rotating) black hole. These model calculations
surprisingly reveal that the observed high energies and luminosities of quasars
and other active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the collimated jets about the polar
axis, and the asymmetrical jets (which can be enhanced by relativistic Doppler
beaming effects) all are inherent properties of rotating black holes. From this
analysis, it is shown that the Penrose scattered escaping relativistic
particles exhibit tightly wound coil-like cone distributions (highly collimated
vortical jet distributions) about the polar axis, with helical polar angles of
escape varying from $0.5^o$ to $30^o$ for the highest energy particles. It is
also shown that the gravitomagnetic (GM) field, which causes the dragging of
inertial frames, exerts a force acting on the momentum vectors of the incident
and scattered particles, causing the particle emission to be asymmetrical above
and below the equatorial plane, thus appearing to break the equatorial
reflection symmetry of the Kerr metric. This energy-momentum extraction model
can be applied to any size black hole, irrespective of the mass, and therefore
applies to microquasars as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169477 </DOCNO>
Sympathetic Cooling of Trapped Cd+ Isotopes


  We sympathetically cool a trapped 112Cd+ ion by directly Doppler-cooling a
114Cd+ ion in the same trap. This is the first demonstration of optically
addressing a single trapped ion being sympathetically cooled by a different
species ion. Notably, the experiment uses a single laser source, and does not
require strong focusing. This paves the way toward reducing decoherence in an
ion trap quantum computer based on Cd+ isotopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2040 </DOCNO>
The self-organised phases of manganites


  Self-organisation requires a multi-component system. In turn, a
multi-component system requires that there exist conditions in which more than
one component is robust enough to survive. This is the case in the manganites
because the free energies of surprisingly dissimilar competing states can be
similar -- even in continuous systems that are chemically homogeneous. Here we
describe the basic physics of the manganites and the nature of the competing
phases. Using Landau theory we speculate on the exotic textures that may be
created on a mesoscopic length scale of several unit cells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126025 </DOCNO>
Impact of reverberation in flared accretion discs on temporal


  Observations suggest that accretion discs in many X-ray binaries are likely
flared. An outer edge of the disc intercepts radiation from the central X-ray
source. Part of that radiation is absorbed and reemitted in the optical/UV
spectral ranges. However, a large fraction of that radiation is reflected and
appears in the broad-band X-ray spectrum as a Compton reflection bump. This
radiation is delayed and variability is somewhat smeared compared with the
intrinsic X-ray radiation. We compute response functions for flat and flared
accretion discs and for isotropic and anisotropic X-ray sources. A simple
approximation for the response function which is valid in the broad range of
the disc shapes and inclinations, inner and outer radii, and the plasma bulk
velocity is proposed. We also study the impact of the X-ray reprocessing on
temporal characteristics of X-ray binaries such as the power spectral density,
auto- and cross-correlation functions, and time/phase lags. We propose a
reprocessing model which explains the secondary peaks in the phase lag Fourier
spectra observed in Cyg X-1 and other Galactic black hole sources. The position
of the peaks could be used to determine the size of the accretion disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125726 </DOCNO>
Modeling Angular-Momentum History in Dark-Matter Halos


  We model the acquisition of spin by dark-matter halos in semi-analytic merger
trees. We explore two different algorithms; one in which halo spin is acquired
from the orbital angular momentum of merging satellites, and another in which
halo spin is gained via tidal torquing on shells of material while still in the
linear regime. We find that both scenarios produce the characteristic spin
distribution of halos found in N-body simulations, namely, a log-normal
distribution with mean ~0.04 and standard deviation ~0.5 in the log. A perfect
match requires fine-tuning of two free parameters. Both algorithms also
reproduce the general insensitivity of the spin distribution to halo mass,
redshift and cosmology seen in N-body simulations. The spin distribution can be
made strictly constant by physically motivated scalings of the free parameters.
In addition, both schemes predict that halos which have had recent major
mergers have systematically larger spin values. These algorithms can be
implemented within semi-analytic models of galaxy formation based on merger
trees. They yield detailed predictions of galaxy properties that strongly
depend on angular momentum (such as size and surface brightness) as a function
of merger history and environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4037 </DOCNO>
Cu Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of the Spin-Peierls Compound


  We report on a zero-field 63Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) study of
nonmagnetic Mg impurity substituted Cu1-xMgxGeO3 (single crystals; the
spin-Peierls transition temperature Tsp~14, 13.5, and 11 K for x=0, 0.0043, and
0.020) in a temperature range from 4.2 K to 250 K. We found that below T*~77 K,
Cu NQR spectra are broadened and nonexponential Cu nuclear spin-lattice
relaxation increases for undoped and more remarkably for Mg-doped samples. The
results indicate that random lattice distortion and impurity-induced spins
appear below T*, which we associate with a precursor of the spin-Peierls
transition. Conventional magnetic critical slowing down does not appear down to
4.2 K below Tsp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168320 </DOCNO>
Fidelity trade-off for finite ensembles of identically prepared qubits


  We calculate the trade-off between the quality of estimating the quantum
state of an ensemble of identically prepared qubits and the minimum level of
disturbance that has to be introduced by this procedure in quantum mechanics.
The trade-off is quantified using two mean fidelities: the operation fidelity
which characterizes the average resemblance of the final qubit state to the
initial one, and the estimation fidelity describing the quality of the obtained
estimate. We analyze properties of quantum operations saturating the
achievability bound for the operation fidelity versus the estimation fidelity,
which allows us to reduce substantially the complexity of the problem of
finding the trade-off curve. The reduced optimization problem has the form of
an eigenvalue problem for a set of tridiagonal matrices, and it can be easily
solved using standard numerical tools.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1485 </DOCNO>
A Stochastic Model of Human Gait Dynamics


  We present a stochastic model of gait rhythm dynamics, based on transitions
between different ``neural centers'', that reproduces distinctive statistical
properties of normal human walking. By tuning one model parameter, the hopping
range, the model can describe alterations in gait dynamics from childhood to
adulthood --- including a decrease in the correlation and volatility exponents
with maturation. The model also generates time series with multifractal spectra
whose broadness depends only on this parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148276 </DOCNO>
New relations between analyticity, Regge trajectories, Veneziano


  In this paper we use the analyticity properties of the scattering amplitude
in the context of the conformal mapping techniques. The Schwarz-Christoffel and
Riemann-Schwarz functions are used to map the upper half -plane onto a
triangle. We use the known asymptotic and threshold behaviors of the scattering
amplitude to establish a connection between the values of the Regge trajectory
functions and the angles of the triangle. This geometrical interpretation
allows a link between values of the Regge trajectory functions and the
generators of the invariance group of Moebius transformations associated with
the underlying automorphic function. The formalism provides useful new
relations between analyticity, geometry, Regge trajectory functions, Veneziano
model, groups of Moebius transformations and automorphic functions. It is hoped
that they will provide avenues for further work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81188 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of 2 and 3 flavour QCD


  We discuss recent results on the thermodynamics of QCD in the presence of
light dynamical quark degrees of freedom. In particular, we concentrate on an
analysis of the flavour and quark mass dependence of the QCD phase diagram, the
equation of state and the transition temperature. Moreover, we present recent
results on the heavy quark free energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72586 </DOCNO>
Alternative Scenarios for the Fragmentation of a Gluonic Lund String


  The assumptions in the Lund model suffice to prescribe a unique stochastic
process for the fragmentation of a string into a set of hadrons, so long as the
string is "flat", ie as long as the state described by the string consists only
of a quark and an antiquark stretching a constant force field between them.
Emission of gluons causes the string to trace more complicated surfaces in
Minkowski space, and some form of generalization of the 1+1 dimensional model
is required. One such generalizaiotn has been developed and implemented as a
Monte Carlo routine "JETSET" by Torbj\"orn Sj\"ostrand, which has been hightly
successful in describing experimental data. But there are theoretical reasons
to believe that the fragmentation scheme employed in JETSET is not entirely
satisfactory; most notably, non-adherance to the Lund Area law, and certain
problems in handling transverse momenta. A few alternative scenarios, which we
have examined in detail and implemented in separate computer programs, will be
presented here, with comparisons to JETSET in certain simple cases. Our effort
has been to preserve the area law for the fragmentation of a gluonic string,
while we explored the possibility of allowing the fragmentation process to
reshape the string surface slightly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126993 </DOCNO>
Tracing luminous and dark matter with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey


  I summarize the scientific goals and current status of the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey, briefly describe the Early Data Release, and discuss some recent
scientific results obtained from commissioning data which are apposite to the
distribution of luminous and dark matter in the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86714 </DOCNO>
Consistent discretizations for classical and quantum general relativity


  We consider discretizations of the Einstein action of general relativity such
that the resulting discrete equations of motion form a consistent constrained
system. Upon ``spin foam'' quantization of the system, consistency allows a
natural way of recovering the correct semi-classical theory. A consistent set
of approximations to the Einstein equations could also have implications for
numerical relativity and for the construction of approximate classical
observables for the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126518 </DOCNO>
Photometric Variability of the Gravitational Lens 0142-100 (UM 673)


  We present the results of a photometric CCD monitoring of the gravitational
lens system UM 673, that took place from 1995 to 2000. In total, the
doubly-imaged quasar was observed in the R-band during 29 photometric nights,
using optical telescopes with dimensions in the range 0.6 m to 1.3 m. We
detected a significant variability in the total light of the UM 673 system,
that is, in the light of the two QSO images plus the lensing galaxy. With
respect to the magnitude of the gravitational lens system at its discovery, in
1986, UM 673 was 0.3 magnitude brighter. Furthermore, our December 1996
measurements show that between November 1995 and October 1997 the system became
even brighter, reaching a magnitude difference of 0.5 magnitude with respect to
its discovery value. We also present R magnitudes and V-R colours of seven
field stars situated in the vicinity of the lens, based on a 3.5-month
monitoring during the year 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3409 </DOCNO>
Competitive random sequential adsorption of point and fixed-sized


  We study the kinetics of competitive random sequential adsorption (RSA) of
particles of binary mixture of points and fixed-sized particles within the
mean-field approach. The present work is a generalization of the random car
parking problem in the sense that it considers the case when either a car of
fixed size is parked with probability q or the parking space is partitioned
into two smaller spaces with probability (1-q) at each time event. This
allows an interesting interplay between the classical RSA problem at one
extreme (q=1), and the kinetics of fragmentation processes at the other
extreme (q=0). We present exact analytical results for coverage for a whole
range of q values, and physical explanations are given for different aspects
of the problem. In addition, a comprehensive account of the scaling theory,
emphasizing on dimensional analysis, is presented, and the exact expression for
the scaling function and exponents are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148578 </DOCNO>
Variations on stability


  We explore the effects of non-abelian dynamics of D-branes on their stability
and introduce Hitchin-like modifications to previously-known stability
conditions. The relation to brane-antibrane systems is used in order to rewrite
the equations in terms of superconnections and arrive at deformed vortex
equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41567 </DOCNO>
Search for Excited Neutrinos at HERA


  We present a search for excited neutrinos using e^-p data taken by the H1
experiment at HERA at a center-of-mass energy of 318 GeV with an integrated
luminosity of 15 pb-1. No evidence for excited neutrino production is found.
Mass dependent exclusion limits are determined for the ratio of the coupling to
the compositeness scale, f/Lambda, independently of the relative couplings to
the SU(2) and U(1) gauge bosons. These limits extend the excluded region to
higher masses than has been possible in previous searches at other colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129580 </DOCNO>
Outburst of Possible Eclipsing Symbiotic Variable AS 289


  We discovered major brightenings of the symbiotic variable AS 289 in 1984 and
1995. During the outburst phase in 1996, we detected a temporary drop of the
brightness. We consider that an eclipse is responsible for the fading episode
of AS 289 during outburst, as in FG Ser or V1413 Aql. The profile of light
curve suggests the eclipse may be grazing total, while the brightness at
minimum is considerably brighter than the pre-outburst level, implying that a
certain fraction of the outbursting source remain uneclipsed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2254 </DOCNO>
Metastability of the Three-Dimensional Carbon Cluster Prismane C$_8$


  Stability of recently predicted cage-like carbon cluster C$_8$ (prismane)
against its transformations to structures lying at lower energies is studied
theoretically. The smallest energy barrier inhibiting prismane transformation
is shown to be 0.44 eV, in qualitative agreement with the value of activation
energy for prismane decay calculated by molecular dynamics simulations. A
rather high value of the barrier suggests the possibility of experimental
observation of this cluster at ambient pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125642 </DOCNO>
The Host Galaxy of GRB980703 at Radio Wavelengths - a Nuclear Starburst


  We present radio observations of GRB980703 at 1.43, 4.86, and 8.46 GHz for
the period of 350 to 1000 days after the burst. These radio data clearly
indicate that there is a persistent source at the position of GRB980703 with a
flux density of approximately 70 $\mu$Jy at 1.43 GHz, and a spectral index,
$\beta\approx 0.32$, where $F_\nu\propto \nu^{-\beta}$. We show that emission
from the afterglow of GRB980703 is expected to be one to two orders of
magnitude fainter, and therefore cannot account for these observations. We
interpret this persistent emission as coming from the host galaxy --- the first
example of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) host detection at radio wavelengths. We show
that emission from an AGN is unlikely, and find that it can be explained as a
result of a star-formation rate (SFR) of massive stars (M>5M$_\odot$) of 90
M$_\odot$/yr, which gives a total SFR of $\approx 500$ M$_\odot$/yr. Using the
correlation between the radio and far-IR (FIR) luminosities of star-forming
galaxies, we find that the host of GRB980703 is at the faint end of the class
of Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs), with L_{FIR}\sim few\times
10^{12} L$_\odot$. From the radio measurements of the offset between the burst
and the host, and the size of the host, we conclude that GRB980703 occurred
near the center of the galaxy in a region of maximum star formation. A
comparison of the properties of this galaxy with radio and optical surveys at a
similar redshift ($z\approx 1$) reveals that the host of GRB980703 is an
average star-forming galaxy. This result has significant implications for the
potential use of a GRB-selected galaxy sample for the study of galaxies and the
IGM at high redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41726 </DOCNO>
Solar Neutrino Results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory


  We describe here the measurement of the flux of neutrinos created by the
decay of solar ^8B by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). The neutrinos
were detected via the charged current (CC) reaction on deuterium and by the
elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The CC reaction is sensitive exclusively
to $\nu_e$'s, while the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to
$\nu_{\mu}$'s and $\nu_{\tau}$'s. 
  The flux of $\nu_e$'s from ^8B decay measured by the CC reaction rate is
$\phi^CC (\nu_e) = 1.75 \pm 0.07 (stat.)^{+0.1 2}_{-0.11} (sys.) \pm 0.05
(theor.) \times 10^6 cm^-2 s^-1$. Assuming no flavor transformation, the flux
inferred from the ES reaction rate is $\phi^ES (\nu_x)=2.39\pm 0.34 (stat.)
^{+0.16}_{-0.14} (sys.) \times 10^6 cm^-2 s^-1$.
  Comparison of $\phi^CC (\nu_e)$ to the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration's
precision value of $\phi^ES (\nu_x)$ yields a $3.3\sigma$ difference, assuming
the systematic uncertainties are normally distributed, providing evidence that
there is a non-electron flavor active neutrino component in the solar flux. The
total flux of active ^8B neutrinos is thus determined to be $5.44\pm 0.99
\times 10^6 cm^-2 s^-1$, in close agreement with the predictions of solar
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1599 </DOCNO>
Surface Magnetic Phase Diagram of Tetragonal Manganites


  To gain insights into the fundamental and characteristic features of the
surface of doped manganites, we constructed a general magnetic phase diagram of
La$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$MnO$_3$ (001) surfaces in the plane spanned by $x$ and the
bulk tetragonal distortion $c/a$, from the first-principles calculations. We
found that the surfaces are quite different from the bulk in the sense that
both the (La, Sr)O and MnO$_2$ terminated surfaces show strong tendency toward
antiferromagnetism (A-type and C-type respectively). The basic physics
governing the phase diagram can be understood in terms of the surface orbital
polarizations. It is also found that the strong surface segregation of Sr atoms
is mostly caused by the electrostatic interaction and will further enhance the
tendency to surface antiferromagnetism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87024 </DOCNO>
Polarization of the Fulling-Rindler vacuum by uniformly accelerated


  Positive frequency Wightman function and vacuum expectation values of the
energy-momentum tensor are computed for a massive scalar field with general
curvature coupling parameter and satisfying Robin boundary condition on a
uniformly accelerated infinite plate. The both regions of the right Rindler
wedge, (i) on the right (RR region) and (ii) on the left (RL region) of the
plate are investigated. For the case (ii) the electromagnetic field is
considered as well. The mode summation method is used with combination of a
variant of the generalized Abel-Plana formula. This allows to present the
expectation values in the form of a sum of the purely Rindler and boundary
parts. Near the plate surface the vacuum energy-momentum tensor is dominated by
the boundary term. At large distances from the plate and near the Rindler
horizon the main contribution comes from the purely Rindler part. In the RL
region the vacuum energy density of the electromagnetic field is negative near
the horizon and is positive near the plate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125193 </DOCNO>
Inferring Initial Spin Periods for Neutron Stars in Composite Remnant


  We propose a method to infer the initial spin period of pulsars residing in
composite supernova remnants. Such a remnant consists of both a plerionic and a
shell type component, corresponding respectively to the pulsar wind nebula
driven by the spindown luminosity of the central pulsar, and the blastwave
bounding the supernova remnant. Theoretical investigations including
hydrodynamical simulations have shown that at late times (~ 1,000 - 10,000
years), a simple scaling law connects the radius of the supernova shell to the
radius of the plerion. The energy content of the plerion and the total
mechanical energy of the supernova remnant enter into this scaling law. One can
use this scaling law to estimate the initial spin period of pulsars residing in
composite remnants. We discuss potential pitfalls of this method, including the
effect of a small remnant age and of strong radiative losses in the plerion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127400 </DOCNO>
A Possible High Altitude High Energy Gamma Ray Observatory in India


  Recently an Indian Astronomical Observatory has been set up at Hanle
(32$^\circ$ 46$^\prime$ 46$^{\prime\prime}$ N, 78$^\circ$ 57$^\prime$
51$^{\prime\prime}$ E, 4515m amsl) situated in the high altitude cold desert in
the Himalayas. The Observatory has 2-m aperture optical-infrared telescope,
recently built by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.
  We have carried out systematic simulations for this observation level to
study the nature of \v{C}erenkov light pool generated by gamma ray and proton
primaries incident vertically at the top of the atmosphere. The differences in
the shape of the lateral distributions of \v{C}erenkov light with respect to
that at lower altitudes is striking. This arises primarily due to the proximity
of the shower maximum to the observation site. The limited lateral spread of
the \v{C}erenkov light pool and near 90% atmospheric transmission at this high
altitude location makes it an ideal site for a gamma ray observatory. This
results in a decrease in the gamma ray energy threshold by a factor of 2.9
compared to that at sea-level. Several parameters based on density and timing
information of \v{C}erenkov photons, including local and medium range photon
density fluctuations as well as photon arrival time jitter could be efficiently
used to discriminate gamma rays from more abundant cosmic rays at tens of GeV
energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114267 </DOCNO>
Implementation of the Epics Device Support for Network-Based Controllers


  In the control system of the JAERI-KEK joint project (High Intensity Proton
Accelerator Facility), it is planned to employ network-based controllers such
as PLC's and measurement stations instead of using other field control
networks, since the network hardware and software can be standardized and they
have been successfully utilized in other accelerator control systems in KEK.
  EPICS software support for those controllers was designed paying special
attention to robustness and has been implemented and applied for the
accelerator test stand. Basic functionalities were confirmed and miscellaneous
functions such as diagnosis of the software itself would be added.
  Since many kinds of network-based equipment such as oscilloscopes have become
available recently, they are considered to be integrated as well. They may
enable more manageable controllers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73089 </DOCNO>
Hard collisions of photons: plea for a common language


  An attempt is made to sort out ambiguities existing in the current usage of
several basic concepts describing hard collisions of photons. It is argued that
appropriate terminology is often a prerequisite for correct physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114491 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological approach to profile impact of scientific research:


  In this paper we present a phenomenological approach to describe a complex
system: scientific research impact through Citation Mining. The novel concept
of Citation Mining, a combination of citation bibliometrics and text mining, is
used for the phenomenological description. Citation Mining starts with a group
of core papers whose impact is to be examined, retrieves the papers that cite
these core papers, and then analyzes the technical infrastructure (authors,
jorunals, institutions) of the citing papers as well as their thematic
characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6098 </DOCNO>
Self-similar approach to market analysis


  A novel approach to analyzing time series generated by complex systems, such
as markets, is presented. The basic idea of the approach is the {\it Law of
Self-Similar Evolution}, according to which any complex system develops
self-similarly. There always exist some internal laws governing the evolution
of a system, say of a market, so that each of such systems possesses its own
character regulating its behaviour. The problem is how to discover these hidden
internal laws defining the system character. This problem can be solved by
employing the {\it Self-Similar Approximation Theory}, which supplies the
mathematical foundation for the Law of Self-Similar Evolution. In this report,
the theoretical basis of the new approach to analyzing time series is
formulated, with an accurate explanation of its principal points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3583 </DOCNO>
Far-infrared optical conductivity gap in superconducting MgB2 films


  We report the first study of the optical conductivity of MgB2 covering the
range of its superconducting energy gap. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is
utilized to determine the complex, frequency-dependent conductivity of thin
films. The imaginary part reveals an inductive reponse due to the emergence of
the superconducting condensate. The real part exhibits a strong depletion of
oscillator strength near 5 meV resulting from the opening of a superconducting
energy gap. The gap ratio of 2Delta/kTc = 1.9 is well below the weak-coupling
value, pointing to complex behavior in this novel superconductor

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98332 </DOCNO>
Improving Rogers' upper bound for the density of unit ball packings via


  The sphere packing problem asks for the densest packing of unit balls in
d-dimensional Euclidean space. This problem has its roots in geometry, number
theory and it is part of Hilbert's 18th problem. In 1958 C. A. Rogers proved a
non-trivial upper bound for the density of unit ball packings in d-dimensional
Euclidean space for all d>0. In 1978 Kabatjanskii and Levenstein improved this
bound for large d. In fact, Rogers' bound is the presently known best bound for
43>d>3, and above that the Kabatjanskii-Levenstein bound takes over. In this
paper we improve Rogers' upper bound for the density of unit ball packings in
Euclidean d-space for all d>7. We do this by estimating from below the surface
area of Voronoi cells in any packing of unit balls in Euclidean d-space for all
d>7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150260 </DOCNO>
D-branes on a Deformation of SU(2)


  We discuss D-branes on a line of conformal field theories connected by an
exact marginal deformation. The line contains an SU(2) WZW model and two
mutually T-dual SU(2)/U(1) cosets times a free boson. We find the D-branes
preserving a U(1) isometry, an F-flux quantization condition and conformal
invariance. Away from the SU(2) point a U(1) times U(1) symmetry is broken to
U(1) times Z_k, i.e. continuous rotations of branes are accompanied by
rotations along the branes. Requiring decoupling of the cosets from the free
boson at the endpoints of the deformation breaks the continuous rotation of
branes to Z_k. At the SU(2) point the full U(1) times U(1) symmetry is
restored. This suggests the occurrence of phase transitions for branes at
angles in the coset model, at a semiclassical level. We also discuss briefly
the orientifold planes along the deformation line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98866 </DOCNO>
Multilinear interpolation between adjoint operators


  Multilinear interpolation is a powerful tool used in obtaining strong type
boundedness for a variety of operators assuming only a finite set of restricted
weak-type estimates. A typical situation occurs when one knows that a
multilinear operator satisfies a weak $L^q$ estimate for a single index $q$
(which may be less than one) and that all the adjoints of the multilinear
operator are of similar nature, and thus they also satisfy the same weak $L^q$
estimate. Under this assumption, in this expository note we give a general
multilinear interpolation theorem which allows one to obtain strong type
boundedness for the operator (and all of its adjoints) for a large set of
exponents. The key point in the applications we discuss is that the
interpolation theorem can handle the case $q \leq 1$. When $q > 1$, weak $L^q$
has a predual, and such strong type boundedness can be easily obtained by
duality and multilinear interpolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72374 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic quadrupole moment of the nucleon


  We address the question of the intrinsic quadrupole moment Q_0 of the nucleon
in various models. All models give a positive intrinsic quadrupole moment for
the proton. This corresponds to a prolate deformation. We also calculate the
intrinsic quadrupole moment of the Delta(1232). All our models lead to a
negative intrinsic quadrupole moment of the Delta corresponding to an oblate
deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6749 </DOCNO>
Bushes of normal modes - new dynamical objects in nonlinear mechanical


  Bushes of normal modes represent exact mathematical objects describing
specific dynamical regimes in nonlinear mechanical systems with point or space
symmetry. In the present paper, we outline the bush theory and illustrate it
with some bushes of small dimensions in octahedral mechanical structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76125 </DOCNO>
SU(3) Breaking and D0-D0bar Mixing


  The main challenge in the Standard Model calculation of the mass and width
difference in the D0-D0bar system is to estimate the size of SU(3) breaking
effects. We prove that D meson mixing occurs in the Standard Model only at
second order in SU(3) violation. We consider the possibility that phase space
effects may be the dominant source of SU(3) breaking. We find that y=(Delta
Gamma)/(2Gamma) of the order of one percent is natural in the Standard Model,
potentially reducing the sensitivity to new physics of measurements of D meson
mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74197 </DOCNO>
Leptonic constants of heavy quarkonia in potential approach of NRQCD


  We consider a general scheme for calculating the leptonic constant of heavy
quarkonium QQ-bar in the framework of nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics,
NRQCD, operating as the effective theory of nonrelativistic heavy quarks. We
explore the approach of static potential in QCD, which takes into account both
the evolution of effective charge in the three-loop approximation and the
linearly raising potential term, which provides the quark confinement. The
leptonic constants of bb-bar and cc-bar systems are evaluated by making use of
two-loop anomalous dimension for the current of nonrelativistic quarks, where
the factor for the normalization of matrix element is introduced in order to
preserve the renormalization group invariance of estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74341 </DOCNO>
MSW effect for large mixing angles


  The traditional physical description of neutrino flavor conversion in the Sun
focuses on the notion of resonance. However, the resonance picture is valid
only in the limit of small mixing angles theta. For large values of theta, the
resonance picture leads to seemingly paradoxical results. This observation is
important for understanding the physics of neutrino flavor conversion in the
Sun, since the latest solar neutrino data seems to prefer large mixing angles.
Here we review the basic arguments and in particular show that the resonance
does not in general coincide with either the point of maximal violation of
adiabaticity in the nonadiabatic case or the point of maximal flavor conversion
in the adiabatic case. We also discuss a modified adiabaticity criterion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128180 </DOCNO>
Orbits of Four Very Massive Binaries in the R136 Cluster


  We present radial velocity and photometry for four early-type, massive
double-lined spectroscopic binaries in the R136 cluster. Three of these systems
are eclipsing, allowing orbital inclinations to be determined. One of these
systems, R136-38 (O3 V + O6 V), has one of the highest masses ever measured, 57
Mo, for the primary. Comparison of our masses with those derived from standard
evolutionary tracks shows excellent agreement. We also identify five other
light variables in the R136 cluster which are worthy of follow-up study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113689 </DOCNO>
The universal potential fluctuations


  It is assumed the existence of the universal potential fluctuations valid for
all scales in the universe which follow the fractal law $\delta_U=(\Delta
r/r)^2$. The value of the universal potential fluctuations is determined from
the data on anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background on degree scales. It
is suggested to test the existence of the universal potential fluctuations in
the laboratory experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7069 </DOCNO>
Non-polarizing two-atom interaction potential in the liquid He-4


  A formula for potential U of the He-4--He-4 interaction in the liquid state
is obtained by the direct electromagnetic computation as a function of the
interatomic distance R. The potential decreases exponentially at large R. The
further development and application of the result are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6148 </DOCNO>
Microwave Rectification at the Boundary between Two-Dimensional Electron


  Rectification of microwave radiation (20-40 GHz) by a line boundary between
two two-dimensional metals on a silicon surface was observed and investigated
at different temperatures, in-plane magnetic fields and microwave powers. The
rectified voltage $V_{dc}$ is generated whenever the electron densities
$n_{1,2}$ of the two metals are different, changing polarity at $n_1 \approx
n_2$. Very strong nonlinear response is found when one of the two 2D metals is
close to the electron density corresponding to the reported magnetic
instability in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74265 </DOCNO>
Exploring timelike exclusive processes in the light-front approach


  We discuss a necessary nonvalence contribution in timelike exclusive
processes. Utilizing a Schwinger-Dyson type of approach, we relate the
nonvalence contribution to an ordinary light-front wave function that has been
extensively tested in the spacelike exclusive processes. An application to
$K_{\ell3}$ decays provides encouraging results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126496 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a Massive Black Hole at the Center of a Dense Stellar System


  We develop a simple physical model to describe the dynamics of a massive
point-like object, such as a black hole, near the center of a dense stellar
system. It is shown that the total force on this body can be separated into two
independent parts, one of which is the slowly varying influence of the
aggregate stellar system, and the other being the rapidly fluctuating
stochastic force due to discrete encounters with individual stars. For the
particular example of a stellar system distributed according to a Plummer
model, it is shown that the motion of the black hole is then similar to that of
a Brownian particle in a harmonic potential, and we analyze its dynamics using
an approach akin to Langevin's solution of the Brownian motion problem. The
equations are solved to obtain the average values, time-autocorrelation
functions, and probability distributions of the black hole's position and
velocity. By comparing these results to N-body simulations, we demonstrate that
this model provides a very good statistical description of the actual black
hole dynamics. As an application of our model, we use our results to derive a
lower limit on the mass of the black hole Sgr A* in the Galactic center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179294 </DOCNO>
Prescission neutron multiplicity and fission probability from Langevin


  A theoretical model of one-body nuclear friction which was developed earlier,
namely the chaos-weighted wall formula, is applied to a dynamical description
of compound nuclear decay in the framework of the Langevin equation coupled
with statistical evaporation of light particles and photons. We have used both
the usual wall formula friction and its chaos-weighted version in the Langevin
equation to calculate the fission probability and prescission neutron
multiplicity for the compound nuclei $^{178}$W, $^{188}$Pt, $^{200}$Pb,
$^{213}$Fr, $^{224}$Th, and $^{251}$Es. We have also obtained the contributions
of the presaddle and postsaddle neutrons to the total prescission multiplicity.
A detailed analysis of our results leads us to conclude that the chaos-weighted
wall formula friction can adequately describe the fission dynamics in the
presaddle region. This friction, however, turns out to be too weak to describe
the postsaddle dynamics properly. This points to the need for a suitable
explanation for the enhanced neutron emission in the postsaddle stage of
nuclear fission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96786 </DOCNO>
On Anomalies in Classical Dynamical Systems


  The definition of "classical anomaly" is introduced. It describes the
situation in which a purely classical dynamical system which presents both a
lagrangian and a hamiltonian formulation admits symmetries of the action for
which the Noether conserved charges, endorsed with the Poisson bracket
structure, close an algebra which is just the centrally extended version of the
original symmetry algebra. The consistency conditions for this to occur are
derived. Explicit examples are given based on simple two-dimensional models.
Applications of the above scheme and lines of further investigations are
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179389 </DOCNO>
`` $\Lambda - \Sigma$ conversion in $^4_{\Lambda}$He and $^4_{\Lambda}$H


  Precise four-body calculations for $^4_{\Lambda}$He and $^4_{\Lambda}$H have
been performed in the framework of the variational method with
Jacobian-coordinate Gaussian-basis functions. All the rearrangement channels of
both $NNN \Lambda$ and $NNN \Sigma$ are explicitly taken into account for the
first time with the use of realistic $NN$ and $YN$ interactions. The role of
$\Lambda$-$\Sigma$ conversion and the amount of the virtual $\Sigma$-component
in $^4_{\Lambda}$He and $^4_{\Lambda}$H are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124022 </DOCNO>
The Trans-Relativistic Blast Wave Model for SN 1998bw and GRB 980425


  The spatiotemporal coincidence of supernova (SN) 1998bw and gamma-ray burst
(GRB) 980425 and this supernova's unusual optical and radio properties have
prompted many theoretical models that produce GRBs from supernovae. We review
the salient features of our simple, spherical model in which an energetic
supernova explosion shock accelerates a small fraction of the progenitor's
stellar envelope to mildly relativistic velocities. This material carries
sufficient energy to produce a weak GRB and a bright radio supernova through an
external shock against a dense stellar wind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149943 </DOCNO>
Dressing a Scalar Mass up to Two-Loop Order at Finite Temperature


  In this paper we use Modified Self-Consistent Resummation (MSCR) in order to
obtain the scalar dressed mass by evaluating the self-energy up to two loops in
the neutral scalar $\lambda \phi^4$ model at finite temperature. With this
laboratory model we show that, if a theory is renormalizable at zero
temperature, using the MSCR it is always possible to obtain a finite corrected
mass at finite temperature. This feature of the MSCR is not observed in some
other approximation techniques usually found in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72833 </DOCNO>
Implications of the Renormalization Group Equations in Three-Neutrino


  We obtain a {\it complete set} of one-loop RGE's for a set of combinations of
neutrino parameters for the case of two-fold degenerate hierarchical
three-neutrino models. The requirement of consistency of exact solutions to
these RGE's with the two-fold degeneracy yields conditions which have
previously been obtained perturbatively/numerically. These conditions, in the
limit $|U_{e\nu_{3}}|=0$, are shown to lead to a strong cancellation in the
matrix element of neutrinoless double beta decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123492 </DOCNO>
Neutron Star Pulsations and Instabilities


  Gravitational radiation (GR) drives an instability in certain modes of
rotating stars. This instability is strong enough in the case of the r-modes to
cause their amplitudes to grow on a timescale of tens of seconds in rapidly
rotating neutron stars. GR emitted by these modes removes angular momentum from
the star at a rate which would spin it down to a relatively small angular
velocity within about one year, if the dimensionless amplitude of the mode
grows to order unity. A pedagogical level discussion is given here on the
mechanism of GR instability in rotating stars, on the relevant properties of
the r-modes, and on our present understanding of the dissipation mechanisms
that tend to suppress this instability in neutron stars. The astrophysical
implications of this GR driven instability are discussed for young neutron
stars, and for older systems such as low mass x-ray binaries. Recent work on
the non-linear evolution of the r-modes is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2153 </DOCNO>
Electric field gradients in s-, p- and d-metal diborides and the effect


  Results of FLMTO-GGA (full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital -- generalized
gradient approximation) calculations of the band structure and boron electric
field gradients (EFG) for the new medium-T$_c$ superconductor (MTSC), MgB$_2$,
and related diborides MB$_2$, M=Be, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mo and Ta are reported.
The boron EFG variations are found to be related to specific features of their
band structure and particularly to the M-B hybridization. The strong charge
anisotropy at the B site in MgB$_2$ is completely defined by the valence
electrons - a property which sets MgB$_2$ apart from other diborides. The boron
EFG in MgB$_2$ is weakly dependent of applied pressure: the B p electron
anisotropy increases with pressure, but it is partly compensated by the
increase of core charge assymetry. The concentration of holes in bonding
$\sigma$ bands is found to decrease slightly from 0.067 to 0.062 holes/B under
a pressure of 10 GPa. Despite a small decrease of N(E$_F$), the Hopfield
parameter increases with pressure and we believe that the main reason for the
reduction under pressure of the superconducting transition temperature, T$_c$,
is the strong pressure dependence of phonon frequencies, which is sufficient to
compensate the electronic effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85791 </DOCNO>
Black Uniqueness Theorems


  I review the black hole uniqueness theorem and the no hair theorems
established for physical black hole stationary states by the early 80'. This
review presents the original and decisive work of Carter, Robinson, Mazur and
Bunting on the problem of no bifurcation and uniqueness of physical black
holes. Its original version was written only few years after my proof of the
Kerr-Newman et al. black hole uniqueness theorem has appeared in print. The
proof of the black hole uniqueness theorem relies heavily on the positivity
properties of nonlinear sigma models on the Riemannian noncompact symmetric
spaces with negative sectional curvature. It is hoped that the first hand
description of the original developments leading to our current understanding
of the black hole uniqueness will be found useful to all interested in the
subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2424 </DOCNO>
Lattice instabilities of cubic NiTi from first principles


  The phonon dispersion relation of NiTi in the simple cubic B2 structure is
computed using first-principles density-functional perturbation theory with
pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis set. Lattice instabilities are observed
to occur across nearly the entire Brillouin zone, excluding three
interpenetrating tubes of stability along the (001) directions and small
spheres of stability centered at R. The strongest instability is that of the
doubly degenerate M5' mode. The atomic displacements of one of the eigenvectors
of this mode generate a good approximation to the observed B19' ground-state
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98577 </DOCNO>
The gambler's ruin problem in path representation form


  We consider the classical one-dimensional random walk of a particle on the
right-half real line. We assume that the particle is initially at position x=k,
k > 0, and moves to the right with probability p or to the left with
probability 1-p. We consider that the particle is absorbed at the origin
without fixing the number of steps needed to get there. We calculate the
probability P(x=k) that the particles end up at the origin, given that it
starts at x=k, by means of a geometric representation of this random walk in
terms of paths on a two-dimensional lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149559 </DOCNO>
The Fuzzy Kaehler Coset Space with the Darboux Coordinates


  The Fedosov deformation quantization of the symplectic manifold is determined
by a 1-form differential r. We identify a class of r for which the $\star$
product becomes the Moyal product by taking appropriate Darboux coordinates,
but invariant by canonically transforming the coordinates. This respect of the
$\star$ product is explained by studying the fuzzy algebrae of the Kaehler
coset space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6643 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium relaxation of Bose-Einstein condensates: Real-time


  We present a field-theoretical method to obtain consistently the equations of
motion for small amplitude condensate perturbations in a homogeneous
Bose-condensed gas directly in real time. It is based on linear response, and
combines the Schwinger-Keldysh formulation of nonequilibrium quantum field
theory with the Nambu-Gorkov formalism of quasiparticle excitations in the
condensed phase and the tadpole method in quantum field theory. This method
leads to causal equations of motion that allow to study the nonequilibrium
evolution as an initial value problem. It also allows to extract directly the
Ward identities, which are a consequence of the underlying gauge symmetry and
which in equilibrium lead to the Hugenholtz-Pines theorem. An explicit one-loop
calculation of the equations of motion beyond the Hartree-Fock- Bogoliubov
approximation reveals that the nonlocal, absorptive contributions to the
self-energies corresponding to the Beliaev and Landau damping processes are
necessary to fulfill the Ward identities \emph{in} or \emph{out} of
equilibrium. It is argued that a consistent implementation at low temperatures
must be based on the loop expansion, which is shown to fulfill the Ward
identities order by order in perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124726 </DOCNO>
A New Method for ISOCAM Data Reduction - I. Application to the European


  We have developed a new data reduction technique for ISOCAM LW data and have
applied it to the European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS) LW3 (15 micron)
observations in the southern hemisphere (S1). This method, known as LARI
technique and based on the assumption of the existence of two different time
scales in ISOCAM transients (accounting either for fast or slow detector
response), was particularly designed for the detection of faint sources. In the
ELAIS S1 field we obtained a catalogue of 462 15 micron sources with
signal-to-noise ratio >= 5 and flux densities in the range 0.45 - 150 mJy
(filling the whole flux range between the Deep ISOCAM Surveys and the IRAS
Faint Source Survey). The completeness at different flux levels and the
photometric accuracy of this catalogue have been tested with simulations. Here
we present a detailed description of the method and discuss the results
obtained by its application to the S1 LW3 data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97002 </DOCNO>
Two symmetry problems in potential theory


  We consider two eliiptic overdetermined boundary value problems. There are
variants on J. Serrin's 1971 classical results and having the same conclusion
that the domains should be forcibly Euclidean balls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4919 </DOCNO>
Identifying and Indexing Icosahedral Quasicrystals from Powder


  We present a scheme to identify quasicrystals based on powder diffraction
data and to provide a standardized indexing. We apply our scheme to a large
catalog of powder diffraction patterns, including natural minerals, to look for
new quasicrystals. Based on our tests, we have found promising candidates
worthy of further exploration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86083 </DOCNO>
New Perspectives on Moving Domain Walls in (A)dS_(5) Space


  A new moving domain wall solution is obtained for a flat 3-universe. This
consists of a bulk metric depending on both time and the extra coordinate, plus
a dynamically interacting domain wall, admitted by the metric and inhabited by
the three-universe. The matter contents are cosmological constants on the
domain wall and the bulk. The bulk space is shown to be (A)dS_(5). A remarkable
fact concerning the three-universe is that its scale factor never vanishes,
even though the corresponding scale factor of the bulk metric vanishes. The
inclusion of a bulk scalar field is discussed, neglecting back-reaction. Its
normalizability and the existence of a positive frequency or adiabatic bulk
vacuum are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148670 </DOCNO>
One-loop Correction of the Tachyon Action in Boundary Superstring Field


  We compute one-loop correction to the string field theory action of the
tachyon for unstable D-branes in the framework of the boundary superstring
field theory. We would expect that the one-loop correction comes from the
partition function of the two-dimensional world-sheet theory on the annulus.
The annulus correction suggests that the genus expansion is, somehow, governed
by the effective string coupling defined in terms of the tachyon \lambda=g_s
exp(-T^2/4).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114003 </DOCNO>
XML for Domain Viewpoints


  Within research institutions like CERN (European Organization for Nuclear
Research) there are often disparate databases (different in format, type and
structure) that users need to access in a domain-specific manner. Users may
want to access a simple unit of information without having to understand detail
of the underlying schema or they may want to access the same information from
several different sources. It is neither desirable nor feasible to require
users to have knowledge of these schemas. Instead it would be advantageous if a
user could query these sources using his or her own domain models and
abstractions of the data. This paper describes the basis of an XML (eXtended
Markup Language) framework that provides this functionality and is currently
being developed at CERN. The goal of the first prototype was to explore the
possibilities of XML for data integration and model management. It shows how
XML can be used to integrate data sources. The framework is not only applicable
to CERN data sources but other environments too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125849 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the Globular Cluster System Associated with M87 (NGC 4486).


  We present a comprehensive database of kinematic, photometric and positional
information for 352 objects in the field of M87 (NGC 4486), the central giant
elliptical galaxy in the Virgo cluster; the majority of the objects are
globular clusters associated with that galaxy. New kinematic information comes
from multi-slit observations with the Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) of the
Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, an investigation which has added 96 new
velocities to and confirmed many of the earlier values in a pre-existing
dataset of 256 velocities published elsewhere. The photometry, consisting of
magnitudes and colors in the Washington T1, C-T1 system, is based on CCD
observations made at CTIO and KPNO. The composite database represents the
largest compilation of pure Population II dynamical tracers yet identified in
any external galaxy; moreover, it extends to larger spatial scales than have
earlier investigations. The inclusion of photometric information allows
independent study of the distinct red and blue sub-populations of the bimodal
GCS of M87. In a companion paper (Cote et al. 2001), we use this dataset to
analyse the present dynamical state of the M87 globular cluster system, and
consider the question of its interaction and formation history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2373 </DOCNO>
Interferometric detection of a single vortex in a dilute Bose-Einstein


  Using two radio frequency pulses separated in time we perform an amplitude
division interference experiment on a rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate. The
presence of a quantized vortex, which is nucleated by stirring the condensate
with a laser beam, is revealed by a dislocation in the fringe pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6853 </DOCNO>
Ion channel gating: a first passage time analysis of the Kramers type


  The opening rate of voltage-gated potassium ion channels exhibits a
characteristic, knee-like turnover where the common exponential
voltage-dependence changes suddenly into a linear one. An explanation of this
puzzling crossover is put forward in terms of a stochastic first passage time
analysis. The theory predicts that the exponential voltage-dependence
correlates with the exponential distribution of closed residence times. This
feature occurs at large negative voltages when the channel is predominantly
closed. In contrast, the linear part of voltage-dependence emerges together
with a non-exponential distribution of closed dwelling times with increasing
voltage, yielding a large opening rate. Depending on the parameter set, the
closed-time distribution displays a power law behavior which extends over
several decades.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127193 </DOCNO>
Reionization of an Inhomogeneous Universe


  Full radiative transfer in 3D space has been solved to pursue the
reionization history in an inhomogeneous universe. It has been shown that the
reionization of an inhomogeneous universe is not a prompt event, but a fairly
slow process. Also, QSO absorption line systems are simulated with using the
results of radiative transfer calculations. Ly$\alpha$ continuum depression
implies that the metagalactic UV intensity decreases rapidly with $z$ at $z>5$,
and the reionization must have taken place between $z=6$ and 10. Finally, it is
stressed that H$\alpha$ forest is a more powerful tool to probe the
reionization history and the density fluctuations in the universe at $z>5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97677 </DOCNO>
The space of associated metrics on a symplectic manifold


  The spaces of Riemannian metrics on a closed manifold $M$ are studied. On the
space ${\mathcal M}$ of all Riemannian metrics on $M$ the various weak
Riemannian structures are defined and the corresponding connections are
studied. The space ${\mathcal AM}$ of associated metrics on a symplectic
manifold $M,\omega$ is considered in more detail. A natural parametrization of
the space ${\mathcal AM}$ is defined. It is shown, that ${\mathcal AM}$ is a
complex manifold. A curvature of the space ${\mathcal AM}$ and quotient space
${\mathcal AM}/{\mathcal D}_{\omega}$ is found. The finite dimensionality of
the space of associated metrics of a constant scalar curvature with Hermitian
Ricci tensor is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96578 </DOCNO>
Clifford Index of ACM Curves in ${\mathbb P}^3$


  In this paper we review the notions of gonality and Clifford index of an
abstract curve. For a curve embedded in a projective space, we investigate the
connection between the \ci of the curve and the \gc al properties of its \emb.
In particular if $C$ is a curve of degree $d$ in ${\P}^3$, and if $L$ is a
multisecant of maximum order $k$, then the pencil of planes through $L$ cuts
out a $g^1_{d-k}$ on $C$. If the gonality of $C$ is equal to $d-k$ we say the
gonality of $C$ can be computed by multisecants. We discuss the question
whether the \go of every smooth ACM curve in ${\P}^3$ can be computed by
multisecants, and we show the answer is yes in some special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86823 </DOCNO>
Quantum Einstein's Equations and Constraints Algebra


  In this paper we shall address this problem: Is quantum gravity constraints
algebra closed and what are the quantum Einstein equations. We shall
investigate this problem in the de-Broglie--Bohm quantum theory framework. It
is shown that the constraint algebra is weakly closed and the quantum
Einstein's equations are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113694 </DOCNO>
Regular solutions of Schwarzschild problem


  Through an analysis and a generalization of a profound Fock's treatment, I
make conspicuous the physically essential role of those functions of the polar
radial coordinate for which the expressions of the spacetime interval are
everywhere regular for all values of the above coordinate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129678 </DOCNO>
An ASCA Study of the W51 Complex


  We present the analysis of ASCA archival data from the Galactic source W51.
The ASCA spectra show that the soft (kT<= 2.5 keV) X-rays are of thermal origin
and are compatible with W51C being a single, isothermal (kT~0.3 keV) supernova
remnant at the far-side of the Sagittarius arm. The ASCA images reveal hard
(kT>=2.5 keV) X-ray sources which were not seen in previous X-ray observations.
Some of these sources are coincident with massive star-forming regions and the
spectra are used to derive X-ray parameters. By comparing the X-ray absorbing
column density with atomic hydrogen column density, we infer the location of
star-forming regions relative to molecular clouds. There are unidentified hard
X-ray sources superposed on the supernova remnant and we discuss the
possibility of their association.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113561 </DOCNO>
Probability tree algorithm for general diffusion processes


  Motivated by path-integral numerical solutions of diffusion processes,
PATHINT, we present a new tree algorithm, PATHTREE, which permits extremely
fast accurate computation of probability distributions of a large class of
general nonlinear diffusion processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125107 </DOCNO>
Ionization Properties and Elemental Abundances in Damped Ly alpha


  We analyze extant data of Al++, Al+ and other low ions with the aim of
studying the ionization properties of Damped Ly alpha systems (DLAs) from the
analysis of the ratio R(Al++/Al+) = N(Al++)/N(Al+). We find good correlations
logN(Al+)-logN(Si+) and logN(Al+)-logN(Fe+) that we use to indirectly estimate
N(Al+) from N(Si+) and/or N(Fe+) measurements. In this way we determine the
ratio R(Al++/Al+) for a sample of 20 DLAs. Contrary to common belief, the ratio
can attain relatively high values (up to 0.6), suggesting that gas of
intermediate ionization state plays an important role in DLAs. On the other
hand, the lack of any trend between abundance ratios, such as Si/H and Si/Fe,
and R(Al++/Al+) indicates that abundances are not severely influenced by
ionization effects. We find a logR(Al++/Al+) - logN(H I) anticorrelation that
we use, in conjunction with idealized photoionization equilibrium calculations,
to constrain the ionization properties and to predict ionization corrections in
DLAs. We consider two possible origins for the species of low and intermediate
ionization state: (1) neutral regions devoid of Al++ and/or (2) partially
ionized, (Al++)-bearing regions. The logR(Al++/Al+) - logN(H I) anticorrelation
can be naturally explained in terms of a two-region model with a soft,
stellar-type ionizing radiation field. We present abundance ionization
corrections for 14 elements of astrophysical interest derived with different
types of ionizing spectra. For most of these elements the corrections are
generally below measurements errors, contrary to the predictions of recent
models presented in the literature. We briefly discuss the potential effects of
inaccuracies of the Al recombination rates used in the photoionization
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83645 </DOCNO>
On Assessing the Complexity of Software Architectures


  This paper proposes some new architectural metrics which are appropriate for
evaluating the architectural attributes of a software system. The main feature
of our approach is to assess the complexity of a software architecture by
analyzing various types of architectural dependences in the architecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124502 </DOCNO>
Complete and Simultaneous Spectral Observations of the Black-Hole X-ray


  The X-ray nova XTE J1118+480 suffers minimal extinction (b = 62 degrees) and
therefore represents an outstanding opportunity for multiwavelength studies.
Hynes et al. (2000) conducted the first such study, which was centered on 2000
April 8 using UKIRT, EUVE, HST and RXTE. On 2000 April 18, the Chandra X-ray
Observatory obtained data coincident with a second set of observations using
all of these same observatories. A 30 ks grating observation using Chandra
yielded a spectrum with high resolution and sensitivity covering the range
0.24-7 keV. Our near-simultaneous observations cover approximately 80% of the
electromagnetic spectrum from the infrared to hard X-rays. The UV/X-ray
spectrum of XTE J1118+480 consists of two principal components. The first of
these is an approximately 24 eV thermal component which is due to an accretion
disk with a large inner disk radius: > 35 Schwarzschild radii. The second is a
quasi power-law component that was recorded with complete spectral coverage
from 0.4-160 keV. A model for this two-component spectrum is presented in a
companion paper by Esin et al. (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75966 </DOCNO>
Precision testing the Standard Model


  Internal consistency of the most sensitive electroweak measurements within
the standard model framework is examined. Confirming an earlier observation on
the separation of Z-pole asymmetry measurements into {\em hadronisation-
free}and {\em hadronisation-sensitive}, the electroweak mixing angle derived
using the former is in perfect agreement with the precision W mass. These two
complimentary measurements of weak radiative corrections, when combined with
the lower limit on Higgs mass, are incompatible with the measured top quark
mass. To overcome this inconsistency, a scenario readily testable in Run-II at
Tevatron is envisaged: an upward shift of the top quark mass by about 10 GeV
($\sim 2\sigma$). If, however, the improved top quark mass remains at its
current value or the lower limit on Higgs mass moves up substantially, then
abandoning the SM may become inevitable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149553 </DOCNO>
On D0-branes in Gepner models


  We show why and when D0-branes at the Gepner point of Calabi-Yau manifolds
given as Fermat hypersurfaces exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96958 </DOCNO>
Bundle 2-gerbes


  We make the category BGrb_M of bundle gerbes on a manifold M into a
2-category by providing 2-cells in the form of transformations of bundle gerbe
morphisms. This description of BGrb_M as a 2-category is used to define the
notion of a bundle 2-gerbe. To every bundle 2-gerbe on M is associated a class
in H^4(M;Z). We define the notion of a bundle 2-gerbe connection and show how
this leads to a closed, integral differential 4-form on M which represents the
image in real cohomology of the class in H^4(M;Z). Some examples of bundle
2-gerbes are discussed, including the bundle 2-gerbe associated to a principal
G-bundle P \to M. It is shown that the class in H^4(M;Z) associated to this
bundle 2-gerbe coincides with the first Pontryagin class of P --- this example
was previously considered from the point of view of 2-gerbes by Brylinski and
McLaughlin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3335 </DOCNO>
Lifetime of d-holes at Cu surfaces: Theory and experiment


  We have investigated the hole dynamics at copper surfaces by high-resolution
angle-resolved photoemission experiments and many-body quasiparticle GW
calculations. Large deviations from a free-electron-like picture are observed
both in the magnitude and the energy dependence of the lifetimes, with a clear
indication that holes exhibit longer lifetimes than electrons with the same
excitation energy. Our calculations show that the small overlap of d- and
sp-states below the Fermi level is responsible for the observed enhancement.
Although there is qualitative good agreement of our theoretical predictions and
the measured lifetimes, there still exist some discrepancies pointing to the
need of a better description of the actual band structure of the solid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72363 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Constant and the Brane World Scenario


  Although the cosmological constant has primarily cosmological consequences,
its smallness poses one of the basic problems in particle physics. Various
attempts have been made to explain this mystery, but no satisfactory solution
has been found yet. The appearance of extra dimensions in the framework of
brane world systems seems to provide some new ideas to address this problem
form a different point of view. We shall discuss some of these new approaches
and see whether or not they lead to an improvement of the situation. We shall
conclude that we are still far from a solution of the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4229 </DOCNO>
Quantum vortex tunneling: Microscopic theory and application to d-wave


  Despite its fundamental and applied importance, the understanding of vortex
motion in superconductors is still incomplete. We present here a microscopic
approach, in the case of vortex quantum tunneling. The theory predicts in-plane
anistropic tunneling rates in d-wave superconductors, suggesting a new
experimental signature of order parameter symmetry as well as new pinning
strategies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73162 </DOCNO>
Comment on studying the corrections to factorization in B -> D(*) X


  We propose studying the mechanism of factorization in exclusive decays of the
form B->D(*)X by examining the differential decay rate as a function of the
invariant mass of the light hadronic state X. If factorization works primarily
due to the large N_c limit then its accuracy is not expected to decrease as the
X invariant mass increases. However, if factorization is mostly a consequence
of perturbative QCD then the corrections should grow with the X invariant mass.
Combining data for hadronic tau decays and semileptonic B decays allows tests
of factorization to be made for a variety of final states. We discuss the
examples of B->D^*\pi^+\pi^-\pi^-\pi^0 and B->D^*\omega\pi^-. The mode
B->D^*\omega\pi^- will allow a precision study of the dependence of the
corrections to factorization on the invariant mass of the light hadronic state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169177 </DOCNO>
Characterizing Entanglement


  Quantum entanglement is at the heart of many tasks in quantum information.
Apart from simple cases (low dimensions, few particles, pure states), however,
the mathematical structure of entanglement is not yet fully understood. This
tutorial is an introduction to our present knowledge about how to decide
whether a given state is separable or entangled, how to characterize
entanglement via witness operators, how to classify entangled states according
to their usefulness (i.e. distillability), and how to quantify entanglement
with appropriate measures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114452 </DOCNO>
An electromagnetic trinity from "negative permittivity" and "negative


  An electromagnetic trinity comprising vacuum, anti--vacuum, and nihility is
postulated -- after making use of materials with "negative permittivity" and
"negative permeability" -- to illuminate the structure of electromagnetic
theory, at least insofar as the relationship of phase velocity with Poynting
vector is concerned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74239 </DOCNO>
W Mass and W+W- Final State Interactions


  Precise measurements of the mass and width of the
 W boson are carried out in e+e- collisions at LEP, by kinematic reconstruction
of the invariant mass distributions of WW->qqlv and
 WW->qqqq candidate events. The most recent combination of such results from
ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL uses approximately 82% of the final LEP2 integrated
luminosity and is preliminary. The mass of the W boson so determined is
Mw=80.446 +-0.026+-0.030 GeV, while the corresponding direct measurement of the
W boson width gives
 Gamma_W= 2.148+-0.071+-0.063 GeV. These measurements are subject to sizeable
systematic uncertainties from the QCD phenomena of
 Bose-Einstein correlations and colour reconnection. Recent substantial
progress in both of these areas is reported

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6050 </DOCNO>
Electrical Spin Injection in a Ferromagnetic / Tunnel Barrier/


  We demonstrate experimentally the electrical ballistic electron spin
injection from a ferromagnetic metal / tunnel barrier contact into a
semiconductor III-V heterostructure. We introduce the Oblique Hanle Effect
technique for reliable optical measurement of the degree of injected spin
polarization. In a CoFe / Al2O3 / GaAs / (Al,Ga)As heterostructure we observed
injected spin polarization in excess of 8 % at 80K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1967 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Anomalous Diffusion: an Efficient Way to Detect Memory in


  We study time series concerning rare events. The occurrence of a rare event
is depicted as a jump of constant intensity always occurring in the same
direction, thereby generating an asymmetric diffusion process. We consider the
case where the waiting time distribution is an inverse power law with index
$\mu$. We focus our attention on $\mu<3$, and we evaluate the scaling $\delta$
of the resulting diffusion process. We prove that $\delta$ gets its maximum
value, $\delta=1$, corresponding to the ballistic motion, at $\mu=2$. We study
the resulting diffusion process by means of joint use of the continuous time
random walk and of the generalized central limit theorem, as well as adopting
numerical treatment. We show that rendering asymmetric the diffusion process
yelds the significant benefit of enhancing the value of the scaling parameter
$\delta$. Furthermore, this scaling parameter becomes sensitive to the power
index $\mu$ in the whole region $1<\mu<3$. Finally, we show our method in
action on real data concerning human heartbeat sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74561 </DOCNO>
tau -> mu gamma and mu -> e gamma as probes of neutrino mass models


  We discuss the possibility of discriminating between different supersymmetric
see-saw models by improving the experimental sensitivity to charged lepton
flavour violating processes. Assuming a hierarchical neutrino mass spectrum, we
classify realistic see-saw models according to how the hierarchy Delta
m^2_{sun} << Delta m^2_{atm} is generated, and study the predictions of each
class for the branching ratios of tau -> mu gamma and mu -> e gamma. The
process tau -> mu gamma is found to be a particularly promising tool to probe
the fundamental see-saw parameters, and especially to identify the origin of
the large atmospheric mixing angle. Predictions for mu -> e gamma are more
model-dependent. We point out that, even with an improvement of the
experimental sensitivities by three orders of magnitude, both tau -> mu gamma
and mu -> e gamma could escape detection in models where Delta m^2_{atm} is
determined by one of the lightest right-handed neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126426 </DOCNO>
Pair-production multiplicities in rotation-powered pulsars


  We discuss the creation of electron-positron cascades in the context of
pulsar polar cap acceleration models and derive several useful analytic and
semi-analytic results for the spatial extent and energy response of the
cascade. Instead of Monte Carlo simulations, we use an integro- differential
equation which describes the development of the cascade energy spectrum in one
space dimension quite well, when it is compared to existing Monte Carlo models.
We reduce this full equation to a single integral equation, from which we can
derive useful results, such as the energy loss between successive generations
of photons and the spectral index of the response. We find that a simple
analytic formula represents the pair cascade multiplicity quite well, provided
that the magnetic field is below 10^12 Gauss, and that an only slightly more
complex formula matches the numerically-calculated cascade at all other field
strengths. Using these results, we find that cascades triggered by gamma rays
emitted through inverse Compton scattering of thermal photons from the neutron
star's surface, both resonant and non-resonant, are important for the dynamics
of the polar cap region in many pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4976 </DOCNO>
Universality classes in anisotropic non-equilibrium growth models


  We study the effect of generic spatial anisotropies on the scaling behavior
in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation. In contrast to its "conserved" variants,
anisotropic perturbations are found to be relevant in d > 2 dimensions, leading
to rich phenomena that include novel universality classes and the possibility
of first-order phase transitions and multicritical behavior. These results
question the presumed scaling universality in the strong-coupling rough phase,
and shed further light on the connection with generalized driven diffusive
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4155 </DOCNO>
Experimental Observation of Coherence and Stochastic Resonances in an


  Stochastic and coherence resonances appear in nonlinear systems subjected to
an external source of noise and are characterized by a maximum response at the
optimal value of the noise intensity. This paper shows experimentally that it
is possible to observe them in a chaotic system. To this end we have
analysed an electronic Chua circuit running in the chaotic regime and added
noise to its dynamics. In the case of coherence resonance, we observe an
optimal periodicity for the jumps between chaotic attractors, whereas in the
case of stochastic resonance we observe a maximum in the signal-to-noise
ratio at the frequency of an external sinusoidal perturbation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125967 </DOCNO>
Predicting Metallicities and Color Distributions for Secondary GCs


  In a 1$^{\rm st}$ step I present results from our new set of evolutionary
synthesis models for Simple (= single burst) Stellar Populations ({\bf SSP}s)
of various metallicities, and in a 2$^{\rm nd}$ step I combine these results
with the information we have about the redshift evolution of spiral galaxies'
ISM abundances. The aim is to provide a grid of color and luminosity
distibutions of any secondary GC population formed at some time in the past in
those mergers for comparison with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128988 </DOCNO>
Deep Westerbork 1.4 GHz Imaging of the Bootes Field


  We present the results from our deep (16x12 hour) Westerbork Synthesis Radio
Telescope (WSRT) observations of the approximately 7 square degree Bootes Deep
Field, centered at 14h32m05.75s, 34d16'47.5" (J2000). Our survey consists of 42
discrete pointings, with enough overlap to ensure a uniform sensitivity across
the entire field, with a limiting sensitivity of 28 microJy (1 sigma rms). The
catalog contains 3172 distinct sources, of which 316 are resolved by the
13"x27" beam. The Bootes field is part of the optical/near-infrared imaging and
spectroscopy survey effort conducted at various institutions. The combination
of these data sets, and the deep nature of the radio observations will allow
unique studies of a large range of topics including the redshift evolution of
the luminosity function of radio sources, the K-z relation and the clustering
environment of radio galaxies, the radio / far-infrared correlation for distant
starbursts, and the nature of obscured radio loud AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149385 </DOCNO>
The Volume of some Non-spherical Horizons and the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We calculate the volumes of a large class of Einstein manifolds, namely
Sasaki-Einstein manifolds which are the bases of Ricci-flat affine cones
described by polynomial embedding relations in C^n. These volumes are important
because they allow us to extend and test the AdS/CFT correspondence. We use
these volumes to extend the central charge calculation of Gubser (1998) to the
generalized conifolds of Gubser, Shatashvili, and Nekrasov (1999). These
volumes also allow one to quantize precisely the D-brane flux of the AdS
supergravity solution. We end by demonstrating a relationship between the
volumes of these Einstein spaces and the number of holomorphic polynomials
(which correspond to chiral primary operators in the field theory dual) on the
corresponding affine cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95447 </DOCNO>
Spectral estimates on 2-tori


  We prove upper and lower bounds for the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator and
the Laplace operator on 2-dimensional tori. In particluar we give a lower bound
for the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator for non-trivial spin structures.
It is the only explicit estimate for eigenvalues of the Dirac operator known so
far that uses information about the spin structure.
  As a corollary we obtain lower bounds for the Willmore functional of a torus
embedded into S_3.
  In the final section we compare Dirac spectra for two different spin
structures on an arbitrary Riemannian spin manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98702 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on q-deformed multiple polylogarithms


  We introduce general q-deformed multiple polylogarithms which even in the
dilogarithm case differ slightly from the deformation usually discussed in the
literature. The merit of the deformation as suggested, here, is that q-deformed
multiple polylogarithms define an algebra, then (as in the undeformed case).
For the special case of q-deformed multiple zeta-values, we show that there
exists even a noncommutative and noncocommutative Hopf algebra structure which
is a deformation of the commutative Hopf algebra structure which one has in the
classical case. Finally, we discuss the possible correspondence between
q-deformed multiple polylogarithms and a noncommutative and noncocommutative
self-dual Hopf algebra recently introduced by the author as a quantum analog of
the Grothendieck-Teichmueller group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148182 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Lorentz Symmetry Breaking by Anti-Symmetric Tensor Field


  We study the spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking in a field theoretical
model in (2+1)-dimension, inspired by string theory. This model is a gauge
theory of an anti-symmetric tensor field and a vector field (photon). The
Nambu-Goldstone (NG) boson for the spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking is
identified with the unphysical massless photon in the covariant quantization.
We also discuss an analogue of the equivalence theorem between the amplitudes
for emission or absorption of the physical massive anti-symmetric tensor field
and those of the unphysical massless photon. The low-energy effective action of
the NG-boson is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1188 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Spin-Singlet Superconductivity in Layered MgB2


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors, because of serious experimental
problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99108 </DOCNO>
Curves on a Double Surface


  Let F be a smooth surface in a smooth projective threefold T, and let X=2F be
the first infinitesimal neighborhood of X in T. A locally Cohen-Macaulay curve
C in X gives rise to two effective divisors on F, namely the curve part P of
the intersection of C and F, and the curve R residual in C to this
intersection. We show that a general deformation of R on F lifts to a
deformation of C on X when a certain cohomology group vanishes. In our paper
"Hilbert Schemes of Degree Four Curves" we use this result to prove the
connectedness of the Hilbert schemes H(4,g) of locally Cohen-Macaulay space
curves of degree four and arbitrary arithmetic genus g.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148052 </DOCNO>
Our World as an Intersection of Walls and a String


  A solution of Einstein equations is obtained for our four-dimensional world
as an intersection of a wall and a string-like defect in seven-dimensional
spacetime with a negative cosmological constant. A matter energy-momentum
tensor localized on the wall and on the string is needed. A single massless
graviton is found and is localized around the intersection. The leading
correction to the gravitational Newton potential from massive spin 2 graviton
is found to be almost identical to that of a wall in five dimensions, contrary
to the case of a string in six dimensions. The generalization to the
intersection of a string and $n$ orthogonally intersecting walls is also
obtained and a similar result is found for the gravitational potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150132 </DOCNO>
Relativistic shape invariant potentials


  Dirac equation for a charged spinor in electromagnetic field is written for
special cases of spherically symmetric potentials. This facilitates the
introduction of relativistic extensions of shape invariant potential classes.
We obtain the relativistic spectra and spinor wavefunctions for all potentials
in one of these classes. The nonrelativistic limit reproduces the usual
Rosen-Morse I & II, Eckart, Poschl-Teller, and Scarf potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174656 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity Distributions and Charged-neutral Fluctuations


  Results from the multiplicity distributions of inclusive photons and charged
particles, scaling of particle multiplicities, event-by-event multiplicity
fluctuations, and charged-neutral fluctuations in 158$\cdot A$ GeV Pb+Pb
collisions are presented and discussed. A scaling of charged particle
multiplicity as $N_{part}^{1.07\pm 0.05}$ and photons as $N_{part}^{1.12\pm
0.03}$ have been observed, indicating violation of naive wounded nucleon model.
The analysis of localized charged-neutral fluctuation indicates a
model-independent demonstration of non-statistical fluctuations in both charged
particles and photons in limited azimuthal regions. However, no correlated
charged-neutral fluctuations are observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75738 </DOCNO>
Back-Reaction Is For Real


  We demonstrate the existence of a secular back-reaction on inflation using a
simple scalar model. The model consists of a massless, minimally coupled scalar
with a quartic self-interaction which is a spectator to $\Lambda$-driven
inflation. To avoid problems with coincident propagators, and to make the
scalars interact more like gravitons, we impose a covariant normal ordering
prescription which has the effect of removing tadpole graphs. This version of
the theory exhibits a secular slowing at three loop order due to interactions
between virtual infrared scalars which are ripped apart by the inflating
background. The effect is quantified using an invariant observable and all
orders bounds are given. We also argue that, although stochastic effects can
have either sign, the slowing mechanism is superimposed upon them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125927 </DOCNO>
Detection of Gravitational Waves from Gravitationally Lensed Systems


  It is accepted that quasars are powered by supermassive black holes (SMBH)
with masses in the range 10^6 - 10^9 solar masses in their cores. Occasionally,
compact stars can plunge into SMBH. In addition, there may be a number of such
compact objects circling the central SMBH in any given quasar. Both of these
processes are known to emit gravitational waves. LISA has the right sensitivity
to detect these waves. We show that gravitational lenses amplify the amplitudes
of these gravitational waves just as they amplify the observed light of
quasars. Given the geometry of the lensing configuration, this amplification
can be as large as a factor of 2 to 10, allowing the waves to be above the
detection threshold of LISA. We also show that waves from lensed quasars arrive
with time delays which are much larger than the coherence time of the
gravitational waves, making interference effects negligible. Thus, a simple
geometrical optics application leads to the lensing theory of gravitational
waves. In this context, we analyze and show in this preliminary analysis that
there is an enhancement of the amplitudes of gravitational radiation coming
from observed lensed quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148480 </DOCNO>
A Note on Functional Integral over the Local Gauge Group


  We evaluated some particular type of functional integral over the local gauge
group C^{\infty}({\bf R}^n, U(1)) by going to a discretized lattice. The
results explicitly violates the property of the Haar measure. We also analysed
the Faddeev-Popov method through a toy example. The results also violates the
property of the Haar measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95465 </DOCNO>
Hysteresis in layered spring magnets


  This article addresses a problem of micromagnetics: the reversal of magnetic
moments in layered spring magnets. A one-dimensional model is used of a film
consisting of several atomic layers of a soft material on top of several atomic
layers of a hard material. Each atomic layer is taken to be uniformly
magnetized, and spatial inhomogeneities within an atomic layer are neglected.
The state of such a system is described by a chain of magnetic spin vectors.
Each spin vector behaves like a spinning top driven locally by the effective
magnetic field and subject to damping (Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation). A
numerical integration scheme for the LLG equation is presented that is
unconditionally stable and preserves the magnitude of the magnetization vector
at all times. The results of numerical investigations for a bilayer in a
rotating in-plane magnetic field show hysteresis with a basic period of $2\pi$
at moderate fields and hysteresis with a basic period of $\pi$ at strong
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2837 </DOCNO>
Synchronization in Scale-free Dynamical Networks: Robustness and


  Recently, it has been demonstrated that many large complex networks display a
scale-free feature, that is, their connectivity distributions have the
power-law form. In this paper, we investigate the synchronization phenomena in
a scale-free dynamical network. We show that its synchronizability is robust
against random removal of nodes, but is fragile to specific removal of the most
highly connected nodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148516 </DOCNO>
D-branes and twisted K-theory


  Topological charges of the $D6$-brane in the presence of a Neveu-Schwarz
B-field are computed by methods of twisted $K$-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98222 </DOCNO>
On the Spectrum of Holonomy Algebras


  The paper has been withdrawn by the authors

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7476 </DOCNO>
Superconductor coupled to two Luttinger liquids as an entangler for


  We consider an s-wave superconductor (SC) which is tunnel-coupled to two
spatially separated Luttinger liquid (LL) leads. We demonstrate that such a
setup acts as an entangler, i.e. it creates spin-singlets of two electrons
which are spatially separated, thereby providing a source of electronic
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs. We show that in the presence of a bias voltage,
which is smaller than the energy gap in the SC, a stationary current of
spin-entangled electrons can flow from the SC to the LL leads due to Andreev
tunneling events. We discuss two competing transport channels for Cooper pairs
to tunnel from the SC into the LL leads. On the one hand, the coherent
tunneling of two electrons into the same LL lead is shown to be suppressed by
strong LL correlations compared to single-electron tunneling into a LL. On the
other hand, the tunneling of two spin-entangled electrons into different leads
is suppressed by the initial spatial separation of the two electrons coming
from the same Cooper pair. We show that the latter suppression depends
crucially on the effective dimensionality of the SC. We identify a regime of
experimental interest in which the separation of two spin-entangled electrons
is favored. We determine the decay of the singlet state of two electrons
injected into different leads caused by the LL correlations. Although the
electron is not a proper quasiparticle of the LL, the spin information can
still be transported via the spin density fluctuations produced by the injected
spin-entangled electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126798 </DOCNO>
H2 and CO emission from disks around TTauri and HerbigAe


  We present ISO-SWS observations of H2 pure-rotational line emission from the
disks around low and intermediate mass pre-main-sequence stars as well as from
young stars thought to be surrounded by debris disks. We detect `warm' (T ~
100-200 K) H2 gas around many sources, including tentatively the debris-disk
objects. The mass of this warm gas ranges from ~1E-4 Solar mass up to 8E-3
Solar mass, and can constitute a non-negligible fraction of the total disk
mass. Complementary single-dish 12CO 3-2, 13CO 3-2 and 12CO 6-5 observations
have been obtained as well. These transitions probe cooler gas at T ~ 20-80 K.
Most objects show a double-peaked CO emission profile characteristic of a disk
in Keplerian rotation, consistent with interferometer data on the lower-J
lines. The ratios of the 12CO 3-2/ 13CO 3-2 integrated fluxes indicate that
12CO 3-2 is optically thick but that 13CO 3-2 is optically thin or at most
moderately thick. The 13CO 3-2 lines have been used to estimate the cold gas
mass. If a H2/CO conversion factor of 1E4 is adopted, the derived cold gas
masses are factors of 10-200 lower than those deduced from 1.3 millimeter dust
emission assuming a gas/dust ratio of 100,in accordance with previous studies.
The warm gas is typically 1-10 % of the total mass deduced from millimeter
continuum emission, but can increase up to 100% or more for the debris-disk
objects. Thus, residual molecular gas may persist into the debris-disk phase.
No significant evolution in the H2, CO or dust masses is found for stars with
ages in the range of 1E6-1E7 years, although a decrease is found for the older
debris-disk star beta Pictoris. Existing models fail to explain the amount of
warm gas quantitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125576 </DOCNO>
Mayall II = G1 in M31: Giant Globular Cluster or Core of a Dwarf


  (Abridged version) Mayall II = G1 is one of the brightest globular clusters
belonging to M31, the Andromeda galaxy. Our observations with HST/WFPC2 provide
data for the (I vs. V-I) and (V vs. V-I) color-magnitude diagrams. From model
fitting, we determine a rather high mean metallicity of [Fe/H] = --0.95 +-
0.09, somewhat similar to 47 Tucanae. We find a larger spread in V-I than can
be explained by the measurement errors, and we attribute this to an intrinsic
metallicity dispersion amongst the stars of G1. So far, only omega Centauri,
the giant Galactic globular cluster, has been known to exhibit such an
intrinsic metallicity dispersion.
  Three estimates of the total mass of this globular cluster can be obtained:
King mass = 15 x 10^6 with M/Lv ~ 7.5, Virial mass = 7.3 x 10^6 with M/Lv ~
3.6, and King-Michie mass range from 14 to 17 x 10^6. Although uncertain, all
of these mass estimates make G1 more than twice as massive as omega Centauri.
  Such large masses relate to the metallicity spread whose origin is still
unknown (either self-enrichment, an inhomogeneous proto-cluster cloud, or
remaining core of a dwarf galaxy). When considering the positions of G1 in the
different diagrams defined by Kormendy (1985), G1 always appears on the
sequence defined by globular clusters, and definitely away from the other
sequences defined by elliptical galaxies, bulges, and dwarf spheroidal
galaxies. The same is true for omega Centauri and for the nucleus of the dwarf
elliptical NGC 205. This does not prove that all (massive) globular clusters
are the remnant cores of nucleated dwarf galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96731 </DOCNO>
Reduction and a concentration-compactness principle for energy-Casimir


  Energy-Casimir functionals are a useful tool for the construction of steady
states and the analysis of their nonlinear stability properties for a variety
of conservative systems in mathematical physics. Recently, Y. Guo and the
author employed them to construct stable steady states for the Vlasov-Poisson
system in stellar dynamics, where the energy-Casimir functionals act on number
density functions on phase space. In the present paper we construct natural,
reduced functionals which act on mass densities on space and study compactness
properties and the existence of minimizers in this context. This puts the
techniques developed by Y.Guo and the author into a more general framework. We
recover the concentration-compactness principle due to P.L.Lions in a more
specific setting and connect our stability analysis with the one of G.Wolansky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168598 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Eavesdropping on the BB84 Protocol


  An undetected eavesdropping attack must produce count rate statistics that
are indistinguishable from those that would arise in the absence of such an
attack. In principle this constraint should force a reduction in the amount of
information available to the eavesdropper. In this paper we illustrate, by
considering a particular class of eavesdropping attacks, how the general
analysis of this problem may proceed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129643 </DOCNO>
The Relationship Between Masers and Massive Star Formation: What Can Be


  The infrared represents an alternative wavelength regime in which to study
the environments of maser emission, while at the same time complementing the
information obtained through radio techniques. The near infrared (1-2 microns)
yields information on outflows, shocks, and reflected dust emission, while the
thermal infrared (3-30 microns) yields information on the thermal dust
distribution around stars. Thus, the infrared regime yields important clues in
determining whether masers exist in shocks, outflows, circumstellar accretion
disks, or in the dense medium close to protostars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148916 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Differential Calculus for D-brane in Non-Constant B Field


  In this paper we try to construct noncommutative Yang-Mills theory for
generic Poisson manifolds. It turns out that the noncommutative differential
calculus defined in an old work is exactly what we need. Using this calculus,
we generalize results about the Seiberg-Witten map, the Dirac-Born-Infeld
action, the matrix model and the open string quantization for constant B field
to non-constant background with H=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96083 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of Everything


  I argue that string theory can not be a serious candidate for the Theory of
Everything, not because it lacks experimental support, but because of its
algebraic shallowness. I describe two classes of algebraic structures which are
deeper and more general than anything seen in string theory:
        The multi-dimensional Virasoro algebras, i.e. the abelian but
non-central extension of the algebra of vector fields in N dimensions by its
module of closed dual one-forms.
        The exceptional simple Lie superalgebra mb(3|8), which is the deepest
possible symmetry (depth 3 in its consistent Weisfeiler grading). The grade
zero subalgebra, which largely governs the representation theory, is the
standard model algebra sl(3)+sl(2)+gl(1). Some general features can be
extracted from an mb(3|8) gauge theory even before its detailed construction:
several generations of fermions, absense of proton decay, no additional gauge
bosons, manifest CP violation, and particle/anti-particle asymmetry.
        I discuss classifications supporting the claim that every conceivable
symmetry is known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127480 </DOCNO>
Nova Sco 2001 (V1178 Sco)


  We present intermediate resolution spectroscopy and near infrared photometry
of NOVA Sco 2001 (V1178 Sco), which was first detected May 13th 2001 and
reported June 21th 2001, and obtained by us the same day. We also retrieved
very accurate astrometry of the target in this very crowded field. This is
needed to be able to do follow up observations of the postnova during the next
years. The spectrum shows an overall expansion of 2100 km/s and has clearly
complex, and most likely nonsymmetric, outflow substructures. We clearly
identify this object as classical nova, "Fe II" subclass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128685 </DOCNO>
Searching and studying clusters with the SZ effect


  I discuss galaxy cluster surveys based on the Sunyaev--Zel'dovich effect and
their relevance for cosmological studies. The unique aspects of cluster
selection by this method are emphasized and certain issues of surveying are
addressed. Finally, I briefly present prospects for upcoming surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 821 </DOCNO>
Observation of the Transverse Optical Plasmon in SmLa0.8Sr0.2CuO4-d


  We present microwave and infrared measurements on SmLa0.8Sr0.2CuO4-d, which
are direct evidence for the existence of a transverse optical plasma mode,
observed as a peak in the c-axis optical conductivity. This mode appears as a
consequence of the existence of two different intrinsic Josephson couplings
between the CuO2 layers, one with a Sm2O2 block layer, and the other one with a
(La,Sr)O block layer. From the frequencies and the intensities of the
collective modes we determine the value of the compressibility of the two
dimensional electron fluid in the copper oxygen planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85888 </DOCNO>
Friedmann limits of rotating hypersurface-homogeneous dust models


  The existence of Friedmann limits is systematically investigated for all the
hypersurface-homogeneous rotating dust models, presented in previous papers by
this author. Limiting transitions that involve a change of the Bianchi type are
included. Except for stationary models that obviously do not allow it, the
Friedmann limit expected for a given Bianchi type exists in all cases. Each of
the 3 Friedmann models has parents in the rotating class; the k = +1 model has
just one parent class, the other two each have several parent classes. The type
IX class is the one investigated in 1951 by Goedel. For each model, the
consecutive limits of zero rotation, zero tilt, zero shear and spatial isotropy
are explicitly calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125960 </DOCNO>
The Star Cluster Systems of the Magellanic Clouds


  The characteristics of the cluster systems of the Magellanic Clouds, as
inferred from integrated properties, are compared with those from individual
cluster studies and from the field population. The agreement is generally
satisfactory though in the case of the LMC, the lack of clusters older than ~3
Gyr is not reflected in the field population. The possible origin(s) for this
cluster ``age-gap'' are discussed. The SMC cluster age-metallicity relation is
also presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84069 </DOCNO>
Using Structural Metadata to Localize Experience of Digital Content


  With the increasing technical sophistication of both information consumers
and providers, there is increasing demand for more meaningful experiences of
digital information. We present a framework that separates digital object
experience, or rendering, from digital object storage and manipulation, so the
rendering can be tailored to particular communities of users. Our framework
also accommodates extensible digital object behaviors and interoperability. The
two key components of our approach are 1) exposing structural metadata
associated with digital objects -- metadata about the labeled access points
within a digital object and 2) information intermediaries called context
brokers that match structural characteristics of digital objects with
mechanisms that produce behaviors. These context brokers allow for localized
rendering of digital information stored externally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126756 </DOCNO>
Characteristics Of A Magnetic Buoyancy Driven Solar Dynamo Model


  We have developed a hybrid model of the solar dynamo on the lines of the
Babcock-Leighton idea that the poloidal field is generated at the surface of
the Sun from the decay of active regions. In this model magnetic buoyancy is
handled with a realistic recipe - wherein toroidal flux is made to erupt from
the overshoot layer wherever it exceeds a specified critical field ($10^5$ G).
The erupted toroidal field is then acted upon by the alpha effect near the
surface to give rise to the poloidal field. In the first half of this paper we
present a parameter space study of this model, to bring out similarities and
differences between it and other well studied models of the past. In the second
half of this paper we show that the mechanism of buoyant eruptions and the
subsequent depletion of the toroidal field inside the overshoot layer, is
capable of constraining the magnitude of the dynamo generated magnetic field
there, although a global quenching mechanism is still required to ensure that
the magnetic fields do not blow up. We also believe that a critical study of
this mechanism may give us new information regarding the solar interior and end
with an example, where we propose a new method for estimating an upper limit of
the diffusivity within the overshoot layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83659 </DOCNO>
Constraint Propagation in Presence of Arrays


  We describe the use of array expressions as constraints, which represents a
consequent generalisation of the "element" constraint. Constraint propagation
for array constraints is studied theoretically, and for a set of domain
reduction rules the local consistency they enforce, arc-consistency, is proved.
An efficient algorithm is described that encapsulates the rule set and so
inherits the capability to enforce arc-consistency from the rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41611 </DOCNO>
CP violation in B decays at the BaBar experiment


  The BaBar detector and SLAC PEP-II asymmetric e+e- collider tuned to the
Y(4s) resonance has collected around 23M B0 anti-B0 pairs in year 2000. The
total data sample for run 1 is 20.7fb-1, using this data we present the study
of sin2beta, with samples of B0 --> J/Psi KOS, B0 --> psi(2S) K0S and B0 -->
J/Psi KOL decays. The measured value is sin2beta 0.34+/-0.20 (stat) +/- 0.05
(syst),. In addition, we present preliminary measurements of charged and
neutral B meson lifetimes and B0-anti B0 oscillation frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76708 </DOCNO>
Unitarity Corrections to the Proton Structure Functions through the


  We study the dipole picture for the description of the deep inelastic
scattering, focusing on the structure functions which are driven directly by
the gluon distribution. One performs estimates using the effective dipole cross
section given by the Glauber-Mueller approach in QCD, which encodes the
corrections due to the unitarity effects associated with the saturation
phenomenon. We also address issues about frame invariance of the calculations
when analysing the observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4637 </DOCNO>
The Josephson plasmon as a Bogoliubov quasiparticle


  We study the Josephson effect in alkali atomic gases within the two-mode
approximation and show that there is a correspondence between the Bogoliubov
description and the harmonic limit of the phase representation. We demonstrate
that the quanta of the Josephson plasmon can be identified with the Bogoliubov
excitations of the two-site Bose fluid. We thus establish a mapping between the
Bogoliubov approximation for the many-body theory and the linearized pendulum
Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113886 </DOCNO>
Study of Beam Energy Spectrum Measurement in the NLC Extraction Line


  The NLC extraction line provides a secondary focal point with a low beta
function and 2 cm dispersion which can be used for measurement of the beam
energy spectrum. In this study, tracking simulations were performed to
transport the 0.5 TeV electron beam from the Interaction Point (IP) to the
secondary focus (SF), ``measure'' the resultant transverse beam profile and
reconstruct the disrupted IP energy spread. In the simulation, the obtained
energy spectrum reproduced the initial IP spread reasonably well, especially
with the vertical dispersion at SF which provides larger ratio of dispersion to
the betatron beam size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75134 </DOCNO>
Experimental study of Pomeron


  A Pomeron phenomenon remains a mystery. A short review of the experimental
situation in diffractive physics and an account of some spectacular
manifestations of the Pomeron are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2856 </DOCNO>
Excited States of the Cooper Problem in a Three-Dimensional Disordered


  This work presents the study of the excited states of the Cooper problem in
the three-dimensional Anderson model. It is shown that the excited pair states
remain localized while their excitation energy $\Delta E$ is negative. For
$\Delta E>0$ the particles are delocalized over the three-dimensional lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4779 </DOCNO>
A vortex description of the first-order phase transition in type-I


  Using both analytical arguments and detailed numerical evidence we show that
the first order transition in the type-I 2D Abelian Higgs model can be
understood in terms of the statistical mechanics of vortices, which behave in
this regime as an ensemble of attractive particles. The well-known
instabilities of such ensembles are shown to be connected to the process of
phase nucleation. By characterizing the equation of state for the vortex
ensemble we show that the temperature for the onset of a clustering instability
is in qualitative agreement with the critical temperature. Below this point the
vortex ensemble collapses to a single cluster, which is a non-extensive phase,
and disappears in the absence of net topological charge. The vortex description
provides a detailed mechanism for the first order transition, which applies at
arbitrarily weak type-I and is gauge invariant unlike the usual field-theoretic
considerations, which rely on asymptotically large gauge coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113911 </DOCNO>
La teoria del "Aspin". Unificacion mecanica de las fuerzas basicas


  Mechanical theory unifying the basic forces by an unique particle-wave
interaction.
  This paper has been withdrawn by the author because now is obsolete. Soon, we
will have a new version. 
  -----
  Teoria exclusivamente mecanica que unifica todas las fuerzas basicas mediante
una unica interaccion particula-onda.
  Este trabajo ha sido retirado por quedar obsoleto. Pronto saldra una nueva
version en ingles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1184 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium transport through a quantum dot weakly coupled to


  We study the nonequlibrium transport through a quantum dot weakly coupled to
Luttinger liquids (LL). A general current expression is derived by using
nonequilibrium Green function method. Then a special case of the dot with only
a single energy level is discussed. As a function of the dot's energy level, we
find that the current as well as differential conductance is strongly
renormalized by the interaction in the LL leads. In comparison with the system
with Fermi liquid (FL) leads, the current is suppressed, consistent with the
suppression of the electron tunneling density of states of the LL; and the
outset of the resonant tunneling is shifted to higher bias voltages. Besides,
the linear conductance obtained by Furusaki using master equation can be
reproduced from our result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128018 </DOCNO>
Globular Cluster Systems in Four BCGs: A262, A3560, A3565 and A3742


  We have used deep I-band (F814W) images from the HST archive to study the
globular cluster systems around the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in Abell
262, 3560, 3565 and 3742. Three of these BCGs have inner dust lanes and
peculiar structural features which indicate past histories of low-level
interaction and accretion. The deep I-band WFPC2 images have photometric limits
which, for all four galaxies, reach near or just beyond the GCLF turnover
point. Their specific frequencies are 8.24 \pm 1.65, 4.66 \pm 0.93, 2.58 \pm
0.52 and 2.62 \pm 0.52 respectively, all within a factor of two of the normal
range for giant ellipticals. We obtain new estimates of the GCLF turnover
magnitudes, which are shown to be consistent with an adopted Hubble constant of
H_0 ~ 70 km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1} on the ``Hubble diagram'' of GCLF turnover apparent
magnitude versus redshift, on a distance scale where the fundamental GCLF
calibrator E galaxies (M87 and others) in Virgo are at d=16 Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85714 </DOCNO>
A cosmological model in Weyl-Cartan spacetime


  We present a cosmological model for early stages of the universe on the basis
of a Weyl-Cartan spacetime. In this model, torsion $T^{\alpha}$ and
nonmetricity $Q_{\alpha \beta}$ are proportional to the vacuum polarization.
Extending earlier work of one of us (RT), we discuss the behavior of the cosmic
scale factor and the Weyl 1-form in detail. We show how our model fits into the
more general framework of metric-affine gravity (MAG).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1265 </DOCNO>
Pumping Heat with Quantum Ratchets


  We describe how adiabatically rocked quantum electron ratchets can act as
heat pumps. In general, ratchets may be described as non-equilibrium systems in
which directed particle motion is generated using spatial or temporal
asymmetry. In a rocked ratchet, which may also be described as a non-linear
rectifier, an asymmetric potential is tilted symmetrically and periodically.
The potential deforms differently during each half-cycle, producing a net
current of particles when averaged over a full period of rocking. Recently it
was found that in the quantum regime, where tunnelling contributes to
transport, the net current may change sign with temperature. Here we show that
a Landauer model of an experimental tunnelling ratchet [Linke et. al., Science
286, 2314 (1999)] predicts the existence of a net heat current even when the
net particle current goes through zero. We quantify this heat current and
define a coefficient of performance for the ratchet as a heat pump, finding
that more heat is deposited in each of the two electron reservoirs due to the
process of rocking than is pumped from one reservoir to the other by the
ratchet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124696 </DOCNO>
A representative sample of Be stars III: H band spectroscopy


  We present H band (1.53 - 1.69 micron) spectra of 57 isolated Be stars of
spectral types O9-B9 and luminosity classes III,IV & V. The HI Brackett (n-4)
series is seen in emission from Br 11-18, and FeII emission is also apparent
for a subset of those stars with HI emission. No emission from species with a
higher excitation temperature, such as He II or CIII is seen, and no forbidden
line emission is present. A subset of 12 stars show no evidence for emission
from any species; these stars appear indistinguishable from normal B stars of a
comparable spectral type. In general the line ratios constructed from the
transitions in the range Br 11-18 do not fit case B recombination theory
particularly well. Strong correlations between the line ratios with Br-gamma
and spectral type are found. These results most likely represent systematic
variations in the temperature and ionization of the circumstellar disc with
spectral type. Weak correlations between the line widths and projected
rotational velocity of the stars are observed; however no systematic trend for
increasing line width through the Brackett series is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124369 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in the Field and Clusters of NGC 5253


  We investigate the star formation history of both the bright star clusters
and the diffuse `field star' population in the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 5253
using STIS longslit ultraviolet spectroscopy. Our slit covers a physical area
of 370 x 1.6 pc and includes 8 apparent clusters and several inter-cluster
regions of diffuse light which we take to be the field. The diffuse light
spectrum lacks the strong O-star wind features which are clearly visible in
spectra of the brightest clusters. This discrepancy provides compelling
evidence that the diffuse light is not reflected light from nearby clusters,
but originates in a UV-bright field star population, and it raises the issue of
whether the star formation process may be operating differently in the field
than in clusters. We compare our spectra to STARBURST99 evolutionary synthesis
models which incorporate a new low metallicity atlas of O-star spectra. We
favor a scenario which accounts for the paucity of O-stars in the field without
requiring the field to have a different IMF than the clusters: stellar clusters
form continuously and then dissolve on ~10 Myr timescales and disperse their
remaining stars into the field. We consider the probable contribution of an
O-star deficient field population to the spatially unresolved spectra of high
redshift galaxies. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125500 </DOCNO>
A Comparison of the EUV and X-Ray Emission Profiles in Six Clusters of


  We have performed the wavelet analysis and image reconstructions for six
clusters of galaxies observed both at extreme ultraviolet and X-ray energies.
The comparison of the profiles of the EUV and X-ray reconstructed images shows
that they differ at a very large confidence level in five of the six clusters,
and are similar only for the Coma cluster, which is by far the hottest one in
the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125778 </DOCNO>
Limits to the Mass and the Radius of the Compact Star in SAX


  We show that a survey of equations of state and observations of X-ray
pulsations from SAX J1808.4-3658 give 2.27 solar mass as the upper limit of the
compact star mass. The corresponding upper limit of the radius comes out to be
9.73 km. We also do a probabilistic study to estimate the lower limit of the
mass of the compact star. Such a limit puts useful constraints on equations of
state. We also discuss the implications of the upper mass limit for the the
evolutionary history of the source, as well as the detection of it in radio
frequencies. We envisage that the possible observation of radio-eclipse may be
able to rule out several soft equation of state models, by setting a moderately
high value for the lower limit of inclination angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128701 </DOCNO>
Error analysis of the photometric redshift tecnique


  We present a calculation of the systematic component of the error budget in
the photometric redshift technique. We make use of it to describe a simple
technique that allows for the assignation of confidence limits to redshift
measurements obtained through photometric methods. We show that our technique,
through the calculation of a redshift probability function, gives complete
information on the probable redshift of an object and its associated confidence
intervals. This information can and must be used in the calculation of any
observable quantity which makes use of the redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40969 </DOCNO>
Bs Physics at LEP, SLD, and CDF: Delta m_s and Delta Gamma_s


  The current status of the experimental knowledge of $\Bs$ meson physics is
reviewed. Results from LEP and CDF on the width difference $\dgs$ are
presented, the corresponding average is found to be in good agreement with the
present theoretical estimation. The $\Bs$ oscillations have not yet been
resolved, despite the progress recently achieved by SLD and ALEPH. The world
combination, including results from the LEP experiments, SLD and CDF, is
presented, together with the expected and observed lower limit on the $\Bs$
oscillation frequency. A tantalizing hint of an oscillation is observed around
$\dms\sim17 \psin$, near future results could increase the significance of this
hint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98446 </DOCNO>
Relative family Gromov-Witten invariants and symplectomorphisms


  We study the symplectomorphism groups
$G_{\lambda}=Symp_0(M,\omega_{\lambda})$ of an arbitrary closed manifold M
equipped with a 1-parameter family of symplectic forms $\omega_{\lambda}$ with
variable cohomology class. We show that the existence of nontrivial elements in
$\pi_*({\cal A},{\cal A}')$, where $({\cal A},{\cal A}')$ is a suitable pair of
spaces of almost complex structures, implies the exiarxiv.org stence of
families of nontrivial elements in $\pi_{*-i}G_{\lambda}$, for $i=1$ or 2.
Suitable parametric Gromov Witten invariants detect nontrivial elements in
$\pi_*({\cal A},{\cal A}')$. By looking at certain resolutions of quotient
singularities we investigate the situation $(M,\omega_{\lambda})= (S^2 \times
S^2 \times X,\sigma_F \oplus \lambda \sigma_B \oplus \omega_{st})$, with
$(X,\omega_{st})$ an arbitrary symplectic manifold. We find families of
nontrivial elements in $\pi_k(G_{\lambda}^X)$, for countably many $k$ and
different values of $\lambda$. In particular we show that the fragile elements
$w_{\ell}$ found by Abreu-McDuff in $\pi_{4 \ell}(G_{\ell+1}^{pt})$ do not
disappear when we consider them in $S^2 \times S^2 \times X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113613 </DOCNO>
The Origin Of Galaxies. Mass Particles, Time, Gravitation and Black


  The CER concept which describes the physical origin of mass and charge has
shown that mass particles are of electromagnetic origin and consist of
condensed circular polarized electromagnetic radiation, EMR. It has also been
shown that this theory predicts the existence of the most fundamental particles
in the Standard Model, leptons and quarks of the first generation. Heavier mass
particles such as mesons and baryons are found to be composed of superimposed
CER wave packets. Using this knowledge it is possible to draw conclusions
regarding the concept of time, the nature of gravitation and the formation of
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97745 </DOCNO>
The hypermetric cone on seven vertices


  The hypermetric cone $HYP_n$ is the set of vectors $(d_{ij})_{1\leq i< j\leq
n}$ satisfying the inequalities $\sum_{1\leq i<j\leq n} b_ib_jd_{ij}\leq 0 with
b_i\in\Z and \sum_{i=1}^{n}b_i=1$. A Delaunay polytope of a lattice is called
extremal if the only affine bijective transformations of it into a Delaunay
polytope, are the homotheties; there is a correspondance between such Delaunay
polytopes and extreme rays of $HYP_n$. We show that unique Delaunay polytopes
of root lattice $A_1$ and $E_6$ are the only extreme Delaunay polytopes of
dimension at most 6. We describe also the skeletons and adjacency properties of
$HYP_7$ and of its dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6752 </DOCNO>
Bulk Termination of the Quasicrystalline Five-Fold Surface of


  The structure of the Al_{70}Pd_{21}Mn_{9} surface has been investigated using
high resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), and an atomically
resolved surface has been imaged. The location of this surface-plane has been
estimated in the bulk model M for icosahedral (i)-AlPdMn based on the
three-dimensional tiling T*(2F) for an F-phase. The high resolution STM image
of the surface allows the position of the bulk terminations to be fixed within
the layers of Bergman polytopes in the model M. They are 4.08 A in the
direction of the bulk from a surface of the most dense Bergman layers. The
average atomic density of terminations consisting of two plane-layers at the
new positions is consistent with the results of Gierer et al. From the coding
window of the model (M)-termination-plane we estimate the shortest edge of a
possible tiling by Penrose (P1) prototiles to be 7.8 A. The experimentally
derived tiling of the surface has edge length 8.0 +- 0.3 A and hence matches
edge-length expected from the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169034 </DOCNO>
QED using the nilpotent formalism


  The nilpotent formalism for the Dirac equation, outlined in previous
papers,is applied to QED. It is shown that what is usually described as
'renormalization' is effectively a statement of the fact that the nilpotent
formulation is automatically second quantized and constrains the field into
producing finite values for fundamental quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4359 </DOCNO>
Complex-Temperature Phase Diagrams for the q-State Potts Model on


  We present exact calculations of the Potts model partition function
$Z(G,q,v)$ for arbitrary $q$ and temperature-like variable $v$ on self-dual
strip graphs $G$ of the square lattice with fixed width $L_y$ and arbitrarily
great length $L_x$ with two types of boundary conditions. Letting $L_x \to
\infty$, we compute the resultant free energy and complex-temperature phase
diagram, including the locus ${\cal B}$ where the free energy is nonanalytic.
Results are analyzed for widths $L_y=1,2,3$. We use these results to study the
approach to the large-q limit of ${\cal B}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73768 </DOCNO>
Quintessence with two energy scales


  We study quintessence models using low energy supergravity inspired from
string theory. We consider effective supergravity with two scales m_S, the
string scale, and m_PL, the Planck scale and show that quintessence naturally
arises from a supersymmetry breaking hidden sector. As long as supersymmetry is
broken by the $F$-term of a Polonyi-like field coupled to the quintessence
field in the K\"ahler potential we find that the Ratra-Peebles potential and
its supergravity version are generic predictions. This requires that the string
scale decouples from the Planck scale, m_S << m_PL. In the context of
supergravity, the potential possesses a minimum induced by the supergravity
corrections to the Ratra-Peebles potential at low redshifts. We study the
physical consequences of the presence of this minimum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75557 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic dynamics of thermal quantum fields


  It is shown that the timelike asymptotic properties of thermal correlation
functions in relativistic quantum field theory can consistently be described in
terms of free fields carrying some stochastic degree of freedom which couples
to the thermal background. These ``asymptotic thermal fields'' have specific
algebraic properties (commutation relations) and their dynamics can be
expressed in terms of asymptotic field equations. The formalism is applied to
interacting theories where it yields concrete non-perturbative results for the
asymptotic thermal propagators. The results are consistent with the expected
features of dissipative propagation of the constitutents of thermal states,
outlined in previous work, and they shed new light on the non-perturbative
effects of thermal backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126653 </DOCNO>
A source of high-velocity white dwarfs


  We investigate whether the recently-observed population of high-velocity
white dwarfs can be derived from a population of binaries residing initially
within the thin disk of the Galaxy. In particular we consider binaries where
the primary is sufficiently massive to explode as a type II supernova. A large
fraction of such binaries are broken up when the primary then explodes as a
supernova owing to the combined effects of the mass loss from the primary and
the kick received by the neutron star on its formation. For binaries where the
primary evolves to fill its Roche lobe, mass transfer from the primary leads to
the onset of a common envelope phase during which the secondary and the core of
the primary spiral together as the envelope is ejected. Such binaries are the
progenitors of X-ray binaries if they are not broken up when the primary
explodes. For those systems which are broken up, a large number of the
secondaries receive kick velocities ~100 - 200 km/s and subsequently evolve
into white dwarfs. We compute trajectories within the Galactic potential for
this population of stars and relate the birthrate of these stars over the
entire Galaxy to those seen locally with high velocities relative to the LSR.
We show that for a reasonable set of assumptions concerning the Galactic
supernova rate and the binary population, our model produces a local number
density of high-velocity white dwarfs compatible with that inferred from
observations. We therefore propose that a population of white dwarfs
originating in the thin disk may make a significant contribution to the
observed population of high-velocity white dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83517 </DOCNO>
Signal-Theoretic Characterization of Waveguide Mesh Geometries for


  Waveguide Meshes are efficient and versatile models of wave propagation along
a multidimensional ideal medium. The choice of the mesh geometry affects both
the computational cost and the accuracy of simulations. In this paper, we focus
on 2D geometries and use multidimensional sampling theory to compare the
square, triangular, and hexagonal meshes in terms of sampling efficiency and
dispersion error under conditions of critical sampling. The analysis shows that
the triangular geometry exhibits the most desirable tradeoff between accuracy
and computational cost.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128881 </DOCNO>
On the detectability of distant Compton-thick obscured quasars


  Chandra and XMM-Newton have resolved the 2-8 keV X-ray Background (XRB) into
point sources. Many of the fainter sources are obscured active galactic nuclei
(AGN) with column densities in the range of 10^22-10^23 pcmsq, some of which
have quasar-like luminosities. According to obscuration models, the XRB above 8
keV is dominated by emission from Compton-thick AGN, with column densities
exceeding 1.5 times 10^24 pcmsq. Here, we consider whether Compton-thick
quasars are detectable by Chandra and XMM-Newton by their direct (i.e. not
scattered) X-ray emission. Detectability is optimized if the objects
individually have a high luminosity and high redshift, so that the direct
emission has a significant flux in the observed band. Using a simple galaxy
formation model incorporating accreting black holes, in which quasars build
most of their mass in a Compton-thick manner before expelling the obscuring
matter, we predict that moderately deep 100 ks Chandra and XMM-Newton exposures
may contain a handful of detectable Compton-thick quasars. Deep Ms or more
Chandra images should contain 50-100 distant, optically-faint, Compton-thick
sources. In passing we show that radiation pressure can be as effective in
expelling the obscuring gas as quasars winds, and yields a black hole mass
proportional to the velocity dispersion of the host bulge to the fourth power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2186 </DOCNO>
Polaron effects in electron channels on a helium film


  Using the Feynman path-integral formalism we study the polaron effects in
quantum wires above a liquid helium film. The electron interacts with
two-dimensional (2D) surface phonons, i.e. ripplons, and is confined in one
dimension (1D) by an harmonic potential. The obtained results are valid for
arbitrary temperature ($T$), electron-phonon coupling strength ($\alpha $), and
lateral confinement ($\omega_{0}$). Analytical and numerical results are
obtained for limiting cases of $T$, $\alpha $, and $\omega_{0}$. We found the
surprising result that reducing the electron motion from 2D to quasi-1D makes
the self-trapping transition more continuous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128279 </DOCNO>
A Pilot Study of the Tully-Fisher Relation in Cl0024+1654 at z=0.4


  We present the first determination of the Tully-Fisher relation (TFR) for a
distant galaxy cluster. We have measured internal kinematics of seven members
of Cl0024+1654 from spatially resolved emission observed in 2D Keck (LRIS)
spectra. Measurements of disk structural parameters were made from HST (WFPC2)
images. While we do not find evidence for a change in the slope or zeropoint of
the cluster TFR, we do find that there was more scatter in the past. We intend
to expand this study with kinematic measurements from fifteen more Cl0024
members.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128759 </DOCNO>
Is Thermal Expansion Driving the Initial Gas Ejection in NGC 6251?


  In this paper, we explore the possibility that the radiative properties of
the most compact region in NGC 6251* may be understood in the same sense as Sgr
A*, though with some telling differences that may hint at the nature of jet
formation. We show that observations of this object with ASCA, ROSAT, HST and
VLBI together may be hinting at a picture in which Bondi-Hoyle accretion from
an ambient ionized medium feeds a standard disk accreting at ~ 4.0*10^{22} g
s^{-1}. Somewhere near the event horizon, this plasma is heated to >10^{11} K,
where it radiates via thermal synchrotron (producing a radio component) and
self-Comptonization (accounting for a nonthermal X-ray flux). This temperature
is much greater than its virial value and the hot cloud expands at roughly the
sound speed (~0.1c), after which it begins to accelerate on a parsec scale to
relativistic velocities. In earlier work, the emission from the extended jet
has been modeled successfully using nonthermal synchrotron self-Compton
processes, with a self-absorbed inner core. In the picture we are developing
here, the initial ejection of matter is associated with a self-absorbed thermal
radio component that dominates the core emission on the smallest scales. The
nonthermal particle distributions responsible for the emission in the extended
jet are then presumably energized, e.g., via shock acceleration, within the
expanding, hot gas. The power associated with this plasma represents an
accretion efficiency of about 0.54, requiring dissipation in a prograde disk
around a rapidly spinning black hole (with spin parameter a~1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3034 </DOCNO>
Integrable open boundary conditions for the Bariev model of three


  The integrable open-boundary conditions for the Bariev model of three coupled
one-dimensional XY spin chains are studied in the framework of the boundary
quantum inverse scattering method. Three kinds of diagonal boundary K-matrices
leading to nine classes of possible choices of boundary fields are found and
the corresponding integrable boundary terms are presented explicitly. The
boundary Hamiltonian is solved by using the coordinate Bethe ansatz technique
and the Bethe ansatz equations are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98151 </DOCNO>
Permutation Groups with a Cyclic Two-Orbits Subgroup and Monodromy


  We classify the finite primitive permutation groups which have a cyclic
subgroup with two orbits. This extends classical topics in permutation group
theory, and has arithmetic consequences. By a theorem of C. L. Siegel, affine
algebraic curves with infinitely many integral points are parametrized by
rational functions whose monodromy groups have this property. We classify the
possibilities of these monodromy groups, and give an application to Hilbert's
irreducibility theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148948 </DOCNO>
Casimir stress for concentric spheres in de Sitter space


  The Casimir stress on two concentric spherical shell in de Sitter background
for massless scalar field is calculated. The scalar field satisfies Dirichlet
boundary conditions on the spheres. The metric is written in conformally flat
form to make maximum use of Minkowski space calculations. Then the Casimir
stress is calculated for inside and outside of the shell with different
backgrounds. This model may be used to study the effect of the Casimir stress
on the dynamics of the domain wall formation in inflationary models of early
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4616 </DOCNO>
Language Trees and Zipping


  In this letter we present a very general method to extract information from a
generic string of characters, e.g. a text, a DNA sequence or a time series.
Based on data-compression techniques, its key point is the computation of a
suitable measure of the remoteness of two bodies of knowledge. We present the
implementation of the method to linguistic motivated problems, featuring highly
accurate results for language recognition, authorship attribution and language
classification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114072 </DOCNO>
A Dynamical Study of the Friedmann Equations


  Cosmology is an attracting subject for students but usually difficult to deal
with if general relativity is not known. In this article, we first recall the
Newtonian derivation of the Friedmann equations which govern the dynamics of
our universe and discuss the validity of such a derivation. We then study the
equations of evolution of the universe in terms of a dynamical system. This
sums up the different behaviors of our universe and enables to address some
cosmological problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96843 </DOCNO>
An ABS Algorithm for a Class of Systems of Stochastic Linear Equations


  This paper is to explore a model of the ABS Algorithms for dealing with a
class of systems of linear stochastic equations A xi=eta satisfying eta sim
N_m(v, I_{m}). It is shown that the iteration step alpha_{i} is N(V,\pi) and
approximation solutions is xi_{i} \sim N_n(U,\Sigma) for this algorithm model.
And some properties of (V,\pi)$ and $(U,\Sigma) are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126095 </DOCNO>
Response to Technical Comments regarding the paper "Direct Detection of


  We reply to the criticism of Gibson & Flynn and of Graff regarding "Direct
detection of galactic halo dark matter" by Oppenheimer et al. (2001) (Science,
Vol. 292, p. 698), which reported on the discovery of a significant population
of halo white dwarfs found in our South Galactic Cap survey. None of their
arguments against our claims withstand close scrutiny.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98751 </DOCNO>
$L^2$ cohomology of Manifolds with flat ends


  We give a topological interpretation of the space of $L^2$-harmonic forms on
Manifold with flat ends. It is an answer to an old question of J. Dodziuk. We
also give a Chern-Gauss-Bonnet formula for the $L^2$-Euler characteristic of
some of these Manifolds. These results are applications of general theorems on
complete Riemannian Manifold whose Gauss-Bonnet operator is non-parabolic at
infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99037 </DOCNO>
Notes on Weyl-Clifford algebras


  Here is discussed generalization of Clifford algebras, l^n-dimensional
Weyl-Clifford algebras T(n,l) with n generators t_k satisfying equation
$(\sum_{k=1}^n a_k t_k)^l = \sum_{k=1}^n a_k^l$. It is originated from two
basic and well known constructions: representation of Clifford algebras via
tensor products of Pauli matrices together with extension for l > 2 using Weyl
commutation relations. Presentation of such general topics here may not pretend
to entire originality or completeness and it is rather a preliminary excursus
into this very broad and interesting area of research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1644 </DOCNO>
Magnetoroton scattering by phonons in the fractional quantum Hall regime


  Motivated by recent phonon spectroscopy experiments in the fractional quantum
Hall regime we consider processes in which thermally excited magnetoroton
excitations are scattered by low energy phonons. We show that such scattering
processes can never give rise to dissociation of magnetorotons into unbound
charged quasiparticles as had been proposed previously. In addition we show
that scattering of magnetorotons to longer wavelengths by phonon absorption is
possible because of the shape of the magnetoroton dispersion curve and it is
shown that there is a characteristic cross-over temperature above which the
rate of energy transfer to the electron gas changes from an exponential
(activated) to a power law dependence on the effective phonon temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1465 </DOCNO>
Excited states of linear polyenes


  We present density matrix renormalisation group calculations of the Pariser-
Parr-Pople-Peierls model of linear polyenes within the adiabatic approximation.
We calculate the vertical and relaxed transition energies, and relaxed
geometries for various excitations on long chains. The triplet (3Bu+) and even-
parity singlet (2Ag+) states have a 2-soliton and 4-soliton form, respectively,
both with large relaxation energies. The dipole-allowed (1Bu-) state forms an
exciton-polaron and has a very small relaxation energy. The relaxed energy of
the 2Ag+ state lies below that of the 1Bu- state. We observe an attraction
between the soliton-antisoliton pairs in the 2Ag+ state. The calculated
excitation energies agree well with the observed values for polyene oligomers;
the agreement with polyacetylene thin films is less good, and we comment on the
possible sources of the discrepencies. The photoinduced absorption is
interpreted. The spin-spin correlation function shows that the unpaired spins
coincide with the geometrical soliton positions. We study the roles of
electron-electron interactions and electron-lattice coupling in determining the
excitation energies and soliton structures. The electronic interactions play
the key role in determining the ground state dimerisation and the excited state
transition energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125924 </DOCNO>
CCD Observations of the RR Lyrae Variables in the Globular Cluster NGC


  CCD observations for 10 (6 previously known and 4 newly discovered) of the 11
RR Lyrae variables in NGC 5897 have been analysed. The period-luminosity and
period-amplitude plots indicate that the population of RR Lyrae variables in
NGC 5897 includes 3 fundamental mode, 4 first-overtone and 4 second-overtone
variables with mean periods 0.828, 0.459 and 0.343 days respectively. The
variables have properties that are similar to some of the Oosterhoff type II
variables in Omega Centauri. Two of the new variables (V11 and V13) were
previously considered to be possible non-variables that lie within or near the
instability strip on the horizontal branch; both have V amplitudes less than
0.2 mag. There is a chance that one or two of the variables (V10 and possibly
V3) might be anomalous Cepheids and not RR Lyrae stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114042 </DOCNO>
Evaluating the quality of ground-based microwave radiometer measurements


  Time series both of microwave radiometer brightness temperature measurements
at 23.8 and 31.4 GHz and of retrievals of water vapor and liquid water path
from these brightness temperatures are evaluated using the detrended
fluctuation analysis method. As quantified by the parameter $\alpha$, this
method (i) enables identification of the time scales over which noise dominates
the time series and (ii) characterizes the temporal range of correlations in
the time series. The more common spectral analysis method is also used to
assess the data and its results are compared with those from detrended
fluctuation analysis method. The assumption that measurements should have
certain scaling properties allows the quality of the measurements to be
characterized. The additional assumption that the scaling properties of the
measurements of an atmospheric quantity are preserved in a useful retrieval
provides a means for evaluating the retrieval itself. Applying these two
assumptions to microwave radiometer measurements and retrievals demonstrates
three points. First, the retrieved water vapor path during cloudy-sky periods
can be dominated by noise on shorter than ~30~min time scales
($\alpha$-exponent = 0.1) and exhibits no scaling behavior at longer time
scales. However, correlations in the brightness temperatures and liquid water
path retrievals are found to be consistent with a power-law behavior for time
scales up to 3 hr with an $\alpha$-exponent equal to approximately 0.3, as in
other geophysical phenomena. Second, clear-sky, moist atmospheres show the
expected scaling for both measurements and retrievals of the water vapor path.
Third, during clear-sky, dry atmospheric days, instrument noise from the 31.4
GHz channel compromises the quality of the water vapor path retrieval.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72704 </DOCNO>
Instantons and the $\Delta I=1/2 $ Rule


  The instanton induced interaction leads to a significant enhancement of the
$A_0$ weak amplitude determining the $\Delta I=1/2$ rule, through the
contribution of operators with dimension d=9, as we show in the weak $K\to
\pi\pi$ decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97043 </DOCNO>
Ground state properties of the Nelson Hamiltonian - A Gibbs


  We study properties of the ground state of the Nelson model through
functional integration. We obtain bounds on the average and the variance of the
Bose field both in position and momentum space, on the distribution of the
number of bosons, and on the position space distribution of the particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6407 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of MgB$_2$ from angle-resolved photoemission


  The first angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy results from MgB$_2$
single crystals are reported. Close to the $\Gamma$K and $\Gamma$M directions,
three distinct dispersions are observed approaching the Fermi energy, as can be
assigned to the theoretically predicted $\sigma$ (B $2p_{x,y}$) and $\pi$ (B
$2p_z$) bands. In addition, we also observed a small parabolic-like band
centered around $\Gamma$, and attributed it to a surface-derived state. Good
agreement between our results and the band calculations suggests that the
electronic structure of MgB$_2$ is of a conventional nature, thus implying that
electron correlations are weak, and may be of little importance to the
superconductivity in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169151 </DOCNO>
Stimulated emission of polarization-entangled photons


  Entangled photon pairs -- discrete light quanta that exhibit non-classical
correlations -- play a crucial role in quantum information science (for example
in demonstrations of quantum non-locality and quantum cryptography). At the
macroscopic optical field level non-classical correlations can also be
important, as in the case of squeezed light, entangled light beams and
teleportation of continuous quantum variables. Here we use stimulated
parametric down-conversion to study entangled states of light that bridge the
gap between discrete and macroscopic optical quantum correlations. We
demonstrate experimentally the onset of laser-like action for entangled
photons. This entanglement structure holds great promise in quantum information
science where there is a strong demand for entangled states of increasing
complexity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129491 </DOCNO>
Formation Pumping of Molecular Hydrogen in the Messier 17


  We have imaged the emission from the near-infrared v=1-0 S(1), 1-0 S(7), 2-1
S(1) and 6-4 O(3) lines of molecular hydrogen in the N- and SW-Bars of M17,
together with the hydrogen Br-gamma and Br-10 lines. This includes the first
emission line image ever to be obtained of a line from the highly excited v=6
level of H2. In both Bars, the H2 emission is generally distributed in clumps
along filamentary features. The 1-0 S(1) and 2-1 S(1) images have similar
morphologies. Together with their relative line ratios, this supports a
fluorescent origin for their emission, within a photodissociation region. The
SW-Bar contains a clumpy medium, but in the N-Bar the density is roughly
constant. The 1-0 S(7) line image is also similar to the 1-0 S(1) image, but
the 6-4 O(3) image is significantly different to it. Since the emission
wavelengths of these two lines are similar (1.748 to 1.733um), this cannot be
due to differential extinction between the v=6 and the v=1 lines. We attribute
the difference to the pumping of newly formed H2 into the v=6, or to a nearby,
level. However, this also requires either a time-dependent photodissociation
region (where molecule formation does not balance dissociation), rather than it
to be in steady-state, and/or for the formation spectrum to vary with position
in the source. If this interpretation of formation pumping of molecular
hydrogen is correct, it is the first clear signature from this process to be
seen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127086 </DOCNO>
A Survey of z>5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Discovery


  We present the results from a survey of i-dropout objects selected from ~1550
deg^2 of multicolor imaging data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, to search
for luminous quasars at z>5.8. Objects with i*-z*>2.2 and z*<20.2 are selected,
and follow-up J band photometry is used to separate L and T type cool dwarfs
from high-redshift quasars. We describe the discovery of three new quasars, at
z=5.82, 5.99 and 6.28, respectively. Their spectra show strong and broad Ly
alpha+NV emission lines, and very strong Ly alpha absorption, with a mean
continuum decrement D_A > 0.90. The ARC 3.5m spectrum of the z=6.28 quasar
shows that over a range of 300 A immediately blueward of the Ly alpha emission,
the average transmitted flux is only 0.003 +/-0.020 times that of the continuum
level, consistent with zero flux, and suggesting a tentative detection of the
complete Gunn-Peterson trough. The existence of strong metal lines suggests
early chemical enrichment in the quasar enviornment. The three new objects,
together with the previously published z=5.8 quasar form a complete
color-selected flux-limited sample at z>5.8. We estimate that at $z=6$, the
comoving density of luminous quasars at M_1450 < -26.89 (h=0.5, Omega=1)is
1.1x10^-9 Mpc^-3. This is a factor of ~2 lower than that at z~5, and is
consistent with an extrapolation of the observed quasar evolution at low-z. We
discuss the contribution of quasars to the ionizing background at z~6. The
luminous quasars discussed in the paper have central black hole masses of
several times 10^9 M_sun by the Eddington argument. Their observed space
density provides a sensitive test of models of quasar and galaxy formation at
high redshift. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5494 </DOCNO>
Duality Between the Weak and Strong Interaction Limits of Deformed


  We establish the existence of a duality transformation for fermionic models
with two-body interactions. The eigenstates at weak and strong interaction $U$
possess similar statistical properties when expressed in the U=0 and U=infinity
eigenstates basis respectively. This implies the existence of a duality point
U_d where the eigenstates have the same spreading in both basis. U_d is
surrounded by an interval of finite width which is characterized by a non
Lorentzian behavior of the strength function in both basis. Scaling arguments
predict the survival of this intermediate regime in the thermodynamic limit and
suggest that this duality is specific to the two-body nature of interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179324 </DOCNO>
Chiral Dynamics and Nuclear Matter


  We calculate the equation of state of isospin-symmetric nuclear matter in the
three-loop approximation of chiral perturbation theory. The contributions to
the energy per particle $\bar E(k_f)$ from one- and two-pion exchange diagrams
are ordered in powers of the Fermi momentum $k_f$ (modulo functions of $k_f
/m_\pi$). It is demonstrated that, already at order ${\cal O}(k_f^4)$, two-pion
exchange produces realistic nuclear binding. The underlying saturation
mechanism is surprisingly simple (in the chiral limit), namely the combination
of an attractive $k_f^3$-term and a repulsive $k_f^4$-term. The empirical
saturation point and the nuclear compressibility $K\simeq 250 $MeV are well
reproduced at order ${\cal O}(k_f^5)$ with a momentum cut-off of $\Lambda
\simeq 0.65$ GeV which parametrizes short-range dynamics. No further
short-distance terms are required in our calculation of nuclear matter. In the
same framework we calculate the density-dependent asymmetry energy and find
$A_0\simeq 34 $MeV at the saturation point, in good agreement with the
empirical value. The pure neutron matter equation of state is also in fair
qualitative agreement with sophisticated many-body calculations and a
resummation result of effective field theory, but only for low neutron
densities $\rho_n <0.25 $fm$^{-3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148902 </DOCNO>
Black hole entropy from non-perturbative gauge theory


  We present the details of a mean-field approximation scheme for the quantum
mechanics of N D0-branes at finite temperature. The approximation can be
applied at strong 't Hooft coupling. We find that the resulting entropy is in
good agreement with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of a ten-dimensional
non-extremal black hole with 0-brane charge. This result is in accord with the
duality conjectured by Itzhaki, Maldacena, Sonnenschein and Yankielowicz. We
study the spectrum of single-string excitations within the quantum mechanics,
and find evidence for a clear separation between light and heavy degrees of
freedom. We also present a way of identifying the black hole horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125237 </DOCNO>
Near-Infrared Imaging of the Central Regions of Metal-Poor Inner


  JHK images obtained with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) Adaptive
Optics Bonnette (AOB) are used to investigate the near-infrared photometric
properties of red giant branch (RGB) and horizontal branch (HB) stars in eight
metal-poor globular clusters with R_GC < 2 kpc. The slope of the RGB on the (K,
J-K) CMDs confirms the metal-poor nature of these clusters, four of which
appear to have metallicities comparable to M92. The luminosity functions of RGB
stars in inner spheroid and outer halo clusters have similar slopes, although
there is a tendency for core-collapsed clusters to have slightly flatter
luminosity functions than non-collapsed clusters. The distribution of red HB
stars on the (K, J-K) CMDs of inner spheroid clusters with [Fe/H] ~ -1.5 is
very different from that of clusters with [Fe/H] ~ -2.2, suggesting that
metallicity is the main parameter defining HB content among these objects. The
RGB-bump is detected in four of the inner spheroid clusters, and this feature
is used to compute distances to these objects. Finally, the specific frequency
of globular clusters in the inner Galaxy is discussed in the context of the
early evolution of the bulge. If the globular cluster formation efficiency for
the inner Galaxy is similar to that measured in other spheroidal systems, then
the main body of the bulge could have formed from gas that was chemically
enriched in situ.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81062 </DOCNO>
The Weakly Coupled Gross-Neveu Model with Wilson Fermions


  The nature of the phase transition in the lattice Gross-Neveu model with
Wilson fermions is investigated using a new analytical technique. This involves
a new type of weak coupling expansion which focuses on the partition function
zeroes of the model. Its application to the single flavour Gross-Neveu model
yields a phase diagram whose structure is consistent with that predicted from a
saddle point approach. The existence of an Aoki phase is confirmed and its
width in the weakly coupled region is determined. Parity, rather than chiral
symmetry breaking naturally emerges as the driving mechanism for the phase
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148581 </DOCNO>
A Supersymmetric Solution in N=2 Gauged Supergravity with the Universal


  We present supersymmetric solutions for the theory of gauged supergravity in
five dimensions obtained by gauging the shift symmetry of the axion of the
universal hypermultiplet. This gauged theory can also be obtained by
dimensionally reducing M-theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold with background flux.
The solution found preserves half of the N=2 supersymmetry, carries electric
fields and has nontrivial scalar field representing the CY-volume. We comment
on the possible solutions of more general hypermultiplet gauging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 823 </DOCNO>
Magnetoresistivity and Complete $H_{c2}(T)$ in $MgB_2$


  Detailed magneto-transport data on dense wires of $MgB_2$ are reported for
applied magnetic fields up to 18 T. The temperature and field dependencies of
the electrical resistivity are consistent with $MgB_2$ behaving like a simple
metal and following a generalized form of Kohler's rule. In addition, given the
generally high $T_c$ values and narrow resistive transition widths associated
with $MgB_2$ synthesized in this manner, combined with applied magnetic fields
of up to 18 T, an accurate and complete $H_{c2}(T)$ curve could be determined.
This curve agrees well with curves determined from lower field measurements on
sintered pellets and wires of $MgB_2$. $H_{c2}(T)$ is linear in $T$ over a wide
range of temperature (7 K $\le~T~\le$ 32 K) and has an upward curvature for $T$
close to $T_c$. These features are similar to other high $\kappa$, clean limit,
boron-bearing intermetallics: $YNi_2B_2C$ and $LuNi_2B_2C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6401 </DOCNO>
(Sr/Ca)_{14}Cu_{24}O_{41} spin ladders studied by NMR under pressure


  (63)Cu-NMR measurements have been performed on two-leg hole-doped spin
ladders Sr_{14-x}Ca_{x}Cu_{24}O_{41} single crystals (0-x-12) at several
pressures up to the pressure domain where the stabilization of a
superconducting ground state can be achieved. The data reveal marked decrease
of the spin gap derived from Knight shift measurements upon Ca substitution and
also under pressure and confirm the onset of low lying spin excitations around
P_{c} as previously reported. The spin gap in Sr_{2}Ca_{12}Cu_{24}O_{41} is
strongly reduced above 20 kbar. However, the data of an experiment performed at
P=36 kbar where superconductivity has been detected at 6.7K by an inductive
technique have shown that a significant amount of spin excitations remains
gapped at 80K when superconductivity sets in. The standard relaxation model
with two and three-magnon modes explains fairly well the activated relaxation
data in the intermediate temperature regime corresponding to gapped spin
excitations using the spin gap data derived from Knight shift experiments.The
data of Gaussian relaxation rates of heavily doped samples support the
limitation of the coherence lenght at low temperature by the average distance
between doped holes. We discuss the interplay between superconductivity and the
spin gap and suggest that these new results support the exciting prospect of
superconductivity induced by the interladder tunnelling of preformed pairs as
long as the pressure remains lower than the pressure corresponding to the
maximum of the superconducting critical temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86330 </DOCNO>
A family of heavenly metrics


  gr-qc/0105088 has been withdrawn by the authors because the principal new
result reported here was obtained earlier: Calderbank D. M. J. and Tod K. P.:
Einstein metrics, hypercomplex structures and the Toda field equation, Differ.
Geom. Appl. 14 (2001) 199--208 math.DG/9911121

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83637 </DOCNO>
Man [and Woman] vs. Machine: A Case Study in Base Noun Phrase Learning


  A great deal of work has been done demonstrating the ability of machine
learning algorithms to automatically extract linguistic knowledge from
annotated corpora. Very little work has gone into quantifying the difference in
ability at this task between a person and a machine. This paper is a first step
in that direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4253 </DOCNO>
A Variational Perturbation Method in Nonextensive Tsallis Statistics


  A variational perturbation method is developed to calculate the generalized
free energy in nonextensive Tsallis statistics. This method affords a
nonperturbative approach beyond the variational approximation, and its
approximation accuracy can be improved order by order. A model calculation is
performed up to the third order and the numerical results here are compared
with variational and exact ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1498 </DOCNO>
Perturbations of planar interfaces in Ginzburg-Landau models


  Certain dissipative Ginzburg-Landau models predict existence of planar
interfaces moving with constant velocity. In most cases the interface solutions
are hard to obtain because pertinent evolution equations are nonlinear. We
present a systematic perturbative expansion which allows us to compute effects
of small terms added to the free energy functional of a soluble model. As an
example, we take the exactly soluble model with single order parameter $\phi$
and the potential $V_0(\phi) = A\phi^2 + B \phi^3 + \phi^4$, and we perturb it
by adding $V_1(\phi) = {1/2} \epsilon_1 \phi^2 \partial_i \phi \partial_i \phi
+ 1/5 \epsilon_2 \phi^5 + 1/6 \epsilon_3 \phi^6. $ We discuss the corresponding
changes of the velocity of the planar interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125627 </DOCNO>
Metal Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium in Cosmological Simulations


  Observations have established that the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM) at
z ~ 3 is enriched to ~0.1-1% solar metallicity and that the hot gas in large
clusters of galaxies (ICM) is enriched to 1/3-1/2 solar metallicity at z=0.
Metals in the IGM may have been removed from galaxies (in which they presumably
form) during dynamical encounters between galaxies, by ram-pressure stripping,
by supernova-driven winds, or as radiation-pressure driven dust efflux. This
study develops a method of investigating the chemical enrichment of the IGM and
of galaxies, using already completed cosmological simulations. To these
simulations, we add dust and (gaseous) metals, distributing the dust and metals
in the gas according to three simple parameterized prescriptions, one for each
enrichment mechanism. These prescriptions are formulated to capture the basic
ejection physics, and calibrated when possible with empirical data. Our results
indicate that dynamical removal of metals from >~ 3*10^8 solar mass galaxies
cannot account for the observed metallicity of low-column density Ly-alpha
absorbers, and that dynamical removal from >~ 3*10^10 solar mass galaxies
cannot account for the ICM metallicities. Dynamical removal also fails to
produce a strong enough mass-metallicity relation in galaxies. In contrast,
either wind or radiation-pressure ejection of metals from relatively large
galaxies can plausibly account for all three sets of observations (though it is
unclear whether metals can be distributed uniformly enough in the low-density
regions without overly disturbing the IGM, and whether clusters can be enriched
quite as much as observed). We investigate in detail how our results change
with variations in our assumed parameters, and how results for the different
ejection processes compare. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96979 </DOCNO>
Quasi-exactly solvable quartic Bose Hamiltonians


  We consider Hamiltonians, which are even polynomials of the forth order with
the respect to Bose operators. We find subspaces, preserved by the action of
Hamiltonian These subspaces, being finite-dimensional, include, nonetheless,
states with an \QTR{it}{infinite} number of quasi-particles, corresponding to
the original Bose operators. The basis functions look rather simple in the
coherent state representation and are expressed in terms of the degenerate
hypergeometric function with respect to the complex variable labeling the
representation. In some particular degenerate cases they turn (up to the power
factor) into the trigonometric or hyperbolic functions, Bessel functions or
combinations of the exponent and Hermit polynomials. We find explicitly the
relationship between coefficients at different powers of Bose operators that
ensure quasi-exact solvability of Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113534 </DOCNO>
Resonant $dd\mu$ Formation in Condensed Deuterium


  The rate of $dd\mu$ muonic molecule resonant formation in $d\mu$ atom
collision with a condensed deuterium target is expressed in terms of a
single-particle response function. In particular, $dd\mu$ formation in solid
deuterium at low pressures is considered. Numerical calculations of the rate in
the case of fcc polycrystalline deuterium at 3 K have been performed using the
isotropic Debye model of solid. It is shown that the energy-dependent $dd\mu$
formation rates in the solid differ strongly from those obtained for D$_2$
gaseous targets, even at high $d\mu$ kinetic energies. Monte Carlo neutron
spectra from $dd$ fusion in $dd\mu$ molecules have been obtained for solid
targets with different concentrations of ortho-D$_2$ and para-D$_2$. The
neutron time spectra calculated for pure ortho-D$_2$ and para-D$_2$ targets are
very similar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73476 </DOCNO>
Energy Loss of Hard Partons in Nuclear Matter


  We report on recent calculations of the medium-induced gluon radiation off
hard partons. The employed path-integral formalism reduces in limiting cases to
the main ``jet quenching'' results of the existing literature. Moreover, it
describes destructive interference effects between medium-independent and
medium-induced radiation amplitudes. These affect the angular distribution and
$L$-dependence of the medium-induced gluon bremsstrahlung spectrum
significantly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98137 </DOCNO>
Automorphisms of tiled orders


  Let Lambda be a tiled R-order. We give a description of Aut_R(Lambda) as the
semidirect product of Inn(Lambda) and a certain subgroup of Aut(Q(Lambda)),
where Q(Lambda) is the link graph of Lambda. Additionally, we give criteria for
determining when an element of Aut(Q(Lambda)) belongs to this subgroup in terms
of the exponent matrix for Lambda.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4264 </DOCNO>
Topology and Energetics of Metal-Encapsulating Si Fullerene-Like Cage


  On the basis of a topological discussion as well as an {\it ab initio}
calculation, we show that it is possible to construct a fullerene-like Si cage
by doping of a transition metal atom. The cage is a simple 3-polytope which
maximizes the number of its inner diagonals close to the metal atom. Our
topological argument also reveals how closely the structure of the
fullerene-like Si cages studied is related to that of fullerenes themselves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168627 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance


  Quantum information processing is the use of inherently quantum mechanical
phenomena to perform information processing tasks that cannot be achieved using
conventional classical information technologies. One famous example is quantum
computing, which would permit calculations to be performed that are beyond the
reach of any conceivable conventional computer. Initially it appeared that
actually building a quantum computer would be extremely difficult, but in the
last few years there has been an explosion of interest in the use of techniques
adapted from conventional liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
experiments to build small quantum computers. After a brief introduction to
quantum computing I will review the current state of the art, describe some of
the topics of current interest, and assess the long term contribution of NMR
studies to the eventual implementation of practical quantum computers capable
of solving real computational problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97120 </DOCNO>
Systolic freedom of loop space


  Given a pair of integers m and n such that 1 < m < n, we show that every
n-dimensional manifold admits metrics of arbitrarily small total volume, and
possessing the following property: every m-dimensional submanifold of less than
unit m-volume is necessarily torsion in homology.
  This result is different from the case of a pair of complementary dimensions,
for which a direct geometric construction works and gives the analogous theorem
in complete generality. In the present paper, we use Sullivan's telescope model
for the rationalisation of a space to observe systolic freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98779 </DOCNO>
Regularization of Ill-Posed Problems with Unbounded Operators


  Variational regularization and the quasisolutions method are justified for
unbounded closed, possibly nonlinear, operators. The argument is quite simple
and yields general results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1858 </DOCNO>
Structure and Superconducting Properties of "BeB_2"


  We present the crystal structure and low temperature electronic transport
properties of the intermetallic commonly known as BeB_2. In contrast to the
much simpler AlB_2-type structure of the 39K superconductor MgB_2, BeB_2 forms
a complex structure type that is nearly unique in nature. The structure has
110.5 atoms per unit cell and a stoichiometry BeB_{2.75}. Polycrystalline
Be(^{10.8}B)_{2.75} is superconducting below T_c=0.72K with a critical magnetic
field H_{c2}=0.175T. Isotopically pure ^{10.0}B samples of have an
enhanced$T_c=0.79K, consistent with a BCS isotope effect. Hall effect
measurements suggest that the material is intrinsically compensated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75137 </DOCNO>
Progress in weakly coupled string phenomenology


  The weakly coupled vacuum of $E_8\otimes E_8$ heterotic string theory remains
an attractive scenario for particle physics. The particle spectrum and the
issue of dilaton stabilization are reviewed. A specific model for hidden sector
condensation and supersymmetry breaking, that respects known constraints from
string theory, is described, and its phenomenological and cosmological
implications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86127 </DOCNO>
Maximum Mass-Radius Ratio for Compact General Relativistic Objects in


  Upper limits for the mass-radius ratio are derived for arbitrary general
relativistic matter distributions in the presence of a cosmological constant.
General restrictions for the red shift and total energy (including the
gravitational contribution) for compact objects in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter
geometry are also obtained in terms of the cosmological constant and of the
mean density of the star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124094 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of Two High-Redshift Quasars


  We report the first high-resolution X-ray spectra of two high-redshift
quasars, S5 0836+710 and PKS 2149-306, obtained with the Chandra High Energy
Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS). The primary goal of this observation
is to use the high spectral resolving power of the HETGS to detect X-ray
absorption produced by a hot intergalactic medium. The continuum of both
quasars can be fitted by absorbed power laws. The power law photon index
(Gamma) of S5 0836+710 is consistent with that found in previous observations
with ROSAT and ASCA, while the power law of PKS 2149-306 is harder than found
in a previous observation by ASCA. Excess continuum absorption above the
Galactic value is found in S5 0836+710, as evidenced in ASCA and ROSAT
observations. No significant emission or absorption feature is detected in
either source at 3 sigma level. Based on the detection limits we constrain the
properties of possible emitters and absorbers. The upper limit of the
equivalent width of Fe K emission lines could be as low as ~ 10 eV. Absorbers
with a column density higher than 8e16 cm^{-2} for O VIII or 5e16 cm^{-2} for
Si XIV would have been detected. We propose a method to constrain the
cosmological parameters (namely Omega_0 and Omega_b) via the X-ray forest
theory, but current data do not give significant constraints. However, we
estimate that observing ~ 7 bright quasars should give at least one O VIII and
more O VII absorption lines at 95% possibility. We also find that combined with
the constraints from the distortion of the CMB spectrum, the X-ray
Gunn-Peterson test can marginally constrain a uniform, enriched IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124107 </DOCNO>
Caustic Crossing in the Gravitational Lens Q2237+0305


  The monitoring of the gravitational lens Q2237+0305 carried out by the OGLE
group during 1997--1999 is analyzed. The significant light amplifications in
the C and A quasar components with maxima in mid- and late 1999, respectively,
are interpreted as the crossing of microlens caustics by the source. A
constraint on the emitting-region size R < 10^(15) cm has been obtained from
the light-curve shape by assuming a power-law quasar brightness distribution
(r^2+R^2)^(-p). To estimate the exponent p ~ 1.2 requires refining the standard
model for the quasar continuum formation in an optically thick accretion disk
with p = 1.5

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74917 </DOCNO>
Comments on conformal stability of brane-world models


  The stability of 5-D brane-world models under conformal perturbations is
investigated. The analysis is carried out in the general case and then it is
applied to particular solutions. It is shown that models with the Poincare and
the de Sitter branes are unstable because they have negative mass squared of
gravexcitons whereas models with the Anti de Sitter branes have positive
gravexciton mass squared and are stable. It is also shown that 4-D effective
cosmological and gravitational constants on branes as well as gravexciton
masses undergo hierarchy: they have different values on different branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127129 </DOCNO>
The Age of the Galactic Bulge


  The dominant stellar population of the central bulge of the Milky Way is old,
with roughly solar metallicity. The age is very similar to that of the old
metal rich bulge globular clusters and to 47 Tucanae, which has an age of 13
Gyr. Stellar composition measurements from Keck/HIRES confirm that the bulge
stars are enhanced in Mg and Ti. New HST/NICMOS data are consistent with an old
stellar population dominating the central 100 pc of the Milky Way.
  New infrared photometry has been reported for the bulge of M31. Although
bright asymptotic asymptotic giant branch stars are observed in the infrared,
the data are most consistent with an old stellar population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6475 </DOCNO>
Application of the Cluster Variation Method to Spin Ice Systems on the


  The cactus approximation in the cluster variation method is applied to the
spin ice system with nearest neighbor ferromagnetic coupling. The temperature
dependences of the entropy and the specific heat show qualitatively good
agreement with those observed by Monte Carlo simulations and experiments, and
the Pauling value is reproduced for the residual entropy. The analytic
expression of the q-dependent magnetic susceptibility is obtained, from which
the absence of magnetic phase transition is confirmed. The neutron scattering
pattern is also evaluated and found to be consistent with that obtained from
Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81072 </DOCNO>
Equation of state in finite-temperature QCD with two flavors of improved


  We present results of a first study of equation of state in
finite-temperature QCD with two flavors of Wilson-type quarks. Simulations are
made on lattices with temporal size $N_t=4$ and 6, using an RG-improved action
for the gluon sector and a meanfield-improved clover action for the quark
sector. The lines of constant physics corresponding to fixed values of the
ratio $m_{\rm PS}/m_{\rm V}$ of the pseudo-scalar to vector meson masses at
zero temperature are determined, and the beta functions which describe the
renormalization-group flow along these lines are calculated. Using these
results, the energy density and the pressure are calculated as functions of
temperature along the lines of constant physics in the range $m_{\rm PS}/m_{\rm
V} = 0.65$--0.95. The quark mass dependence in the equation of state is found
to be small for $m_{\rm PS}/m_{\rm V} \simlt 0.8$. Comparison of results for
$N_t=4$ and $N_t=6$ lattices show significant scaling violation present in the
$N_t=4$ results. At high temperatures the results for $N_t=6$ are quite close
to the continuum Stefan-Boltzmann limit, suggesting the possibility of a
precise continuum extrapolation of thermodynamic quantities from simulations at
$N_t\simgt 6$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76428 </DOCNO>
CPT and Lorentz Tests with Clocks in Space


  Space-based clock-comparison experiments can provide Planck-scale sensitivity
to many parameters for Lorentz and CPT violation that are difficult to measure
on Earth. The principal advantages are a reduced timescale for data collection,
reduced suppression for certain effects, and access to certain parameters not
possible with Earth-based experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113742 </DOCNO>
Two-step Liquid Drop Model for Binary, Metal-rich Clusters


  It is shown that differences observed between the ionization potentials of
the molecular-doped metallic clusters and those corresponding to the bare
metallic ones can be explained by a two-step approach of the classical Liquid
Drop Model. This approach takes into account the distinct physical properties
of the interface between the molecular core and the metallic shell. Also, it is
shown that the presence of the molecular core may act in the determination of
the predominant channel of the coulombic fission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179196 </DOCNO>
Baryonic contributions to the dilepton spectrum of nucleon-nucleon


  Dilepton spectrum in relativistic nucleon-nucleon collisions is studied with
an emphasis on baryon resonance Dalitz-decays. Resonances up to spin-5/2 are
included in our model. We discuss the technical issues of calculating
Dalitz-decays of high spin resonances. The obtained dilepton spectra are
compared to the experimental data by the DLS collaboration. Predictions for the
HADES detector (SIS, GSI) are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85911 </DOCNO>
Stress Tensor Fluctuations and Passive Quantum Gravity


  The quantum fluctuation of the stress tensor of a quantum field are
discussed, as are the resulting spacetime metric fluctuations. Passive quantum
gravity is an approximation in which gravity is not directly quantized, but
fluctuations of the spacetime geometry are driven by stress tensor
fluctuations. We discuss a decomposition of the stress tensor correlation
function into three parts, and consider the physical implications of each part.
The operational significance of metric fluctuations and the possible limits of
validity of semiclassical gravity are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87098 </DOCNO>
Linear constraints from generally covariant systems with quadratic


  How to make compatible both boundary and gauge conditions for generally
covariant theories using the gauge symmetry generated by first class
constraints is studied. This approach employs finite gauge transformations in
contrast to previous works which use infinitesimal ones. Two kinds of
variational principles are taken into account, the first one features non
gauge-invariant actions whereas the second includes fully gauge-invariant
actions. Furthermore, it is shown that it is possible to rewrite fully
gauge-invariant actions featuring first class constraints quadratic in the
momenta into first class constraints linear in the momenta (and homogeneous in
some cases) due to the fully gauge invariance of their actions. This shows that
the gauge symmetry present in generally covariant theories having first class
constraints quadratic in the momenta is not of a different kind with respect to
the one of theories with first class constraints linear in the momenta if fully
gauge-invariant actions are taken into account for the formers. These ideas are
implemented for the parameterized relativistic free particle, parameterized
harmonic oscillator, and the SL(2,R) model

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98868 </DOCNO>
Uniform exponential ergodicity of stochastic dissipative systems


  We study ergodic properties of stochastic dissipative systems with additive
noise. We show that the system is uniformly exponentially ergodic provided the
growth of nonlinearity at infinity is faster than linear. The abstract result
is applied to the stochastic reaction diffusion equation in $\mathbb R^d$ with
$d\le 3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128070 </DOCNO>
On the C/O Enrichment of Novae Ejecta


  Using the results of recent work in shear instabilities in stratified fluids,
we show that the resonant interaction between large-scale flows in the accreted
H/He envelope of white dwarf stars and interfacial gravity waves can mix with
the star's envelope with the white dwarf's surface material, leading to the
enhancement of the envelope's C/O abundance to levels required by extant models
for nova outbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126210 </DOCNO>
Light Isotope Abundances in Solar Energetic Particles measured by the


  This article reports nine Solar Energetic Particle events detected by the
instrument NINA between October 1998 and April 1999. NINA is a silicon-based
particle detector mounted on-board the Russian satellite Resurs-01-N4, which
has flown at an altitude of about 800 km in polar inclination since July 1998.
For every solar event the power-law He4 spectrum across the energy interval
10--50 MeV/n was reconstructed, and spectral indexes, gamma, from 1.8 to 6.8
extracted. Data of He3 and He4 were used to determine the He3/He4 ratio, that
for some SEP events indicated an enrichment in He3. For the 1998 November 7
event the ratio reached a maximum value of 0.33+- 0.06, with spectral indexes
of gamma = 2.5 +- 0.6 and gamma = 3.7 +- 0.3 for He3 and He4, respectively. The
He3/He4 ratio averaged over the remaining events was 0.011 +- 0.004. For all
events the deuterium-to-proton ratio was determined. The average value over all
events was (3.9+-1.4) 10^{-5} across the energy interval 9--12 MeV/n. For one
event (1998 November 24) this ratio yielded approximately 10 times higher than
normal coronal values. Upper limits on the H3/H1 counting ratio for all events
were determined. For the 1998 November 14 SEP event the high flux of heavy
particles detected made it possible to reconstruct the carbon and oxygen flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126079 </DOCNO>
Missing Link Found? --- The ``runaway'' path to supermassive black holes


  Observations of stellar kinematics, gas dynamics and masers around galactic
nuclei have now firmly established that many galaxies host central supermassive
black holes (SMBHs) with masses in the range $10^6 \sim 10^9$M$_{\odot}$.
However, how these SMBHs formed is not well understood. One reason for this
situation is the lack of observations of intermediate-mass BHs (IMBHs), which
could bridge the gap between stellar-mass BHs and SMBHs. Recently, this missing
link (i.e., an IMBH) has been found in observations made by the ASCA and the
Chandra of the central region of the starburst galaxy M82 \citep{MT99, PG99,
MT01, Ka01}. Subsequent observations by SUBARU have revealed that this IMBH
apparently coincides with a young compact star cluster. Based on these
findings, we suggest a new formation scenario for SMBHs. In this scenario,
IMBHs first form in young compact star clusters through runaway merging of
massive stars. While these IMBHs are forming, the host star clusters sink
toward the galactic nucleus through dynamical friction, and upon evaporation
deposit their IMBHs near the galactic center. The IMBHs then form binaries and
eventually merge via gravitational radiation, forming an SMBH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73113 </DOCNO>
Caustic Rings and Cold Dark Matter


  The hierarchical cold dark matter (CDM) model for structure formation is a
well defined and testable model. Direct detection is the best technique for
confirming the model yet predictions for the energy and density distribution of
particles on earth remain inadequate. Axially symmetric collapse of
collisionless dark matter can leave observable caustic rings in phase space and
this model is frequently used to make experimental predictions (Sikivie 1999).
Such cold collapses inevitably suffer from radial orbit instabilities that
produce unrealistic bar-like halos. Moreover, this model bears no relation to
the hierarchical growth of CDM galactic halos which form via a complicated
sequence of mergers and violent relaxation. This process destroys any symmetry
and phase wraps existing caustics on a scale comparable to the first objects to
collapse. Since axions can cluster on microscopic scales and free streaming of
neutralinos only erases structure smaller than \sim 100 (GeV/m_{CDM}) A.U., the
dynamical effects of caustics in the Galactic halo are expected to be
negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126468 </DOCNO>
Non-linear evolution of thermally unstable slim accretion discs with a


  We are carrying out a programme of non-linear time-dependent numerical
calculations to study the evolution of the thermal instability driven by
radiation pressure in transonic accretion discs around black holes. In our
previous studies we first investigated the original version of the slim-disc
model with low viscosity (parameter alpha = 0.001) for a stellar-mass (10 solar
masses) black hole, comparing the behaviour seen with results from local
stability analysis (which were broadly confirmed). In some of the unstable
models, we saw a violently evolving shock-like feature appearing near to the
sonic point. Next, we retained the original model simplifications but
considered a higher value of alpha = 0.1 and demonstrated the existence of
limit-cycle behaviour under suitable circumstances. The present paper describes
more elaborate calculations with a more physical viscosity prescription and
including a vertically integrated treatment of acceleration in the vertical
direction. Limit-cycle behaviour is still found for a model with alpha = 0.1,
giving a strong motivation to look for its presence in observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128177 </DOCNO>
Locating the starburst in the SCUBA galaxy, SMM J14011+0252


  We present new, multi-wavelength, high-resolution imaging of the luminous,
submillimeter galaxy, SMM J14011+0252, an interacting starburst at z = 2.56.
Our observations comprise optical imaging from the HST, sensitive radio mapping
from the VLA and CO observations from OVRO and BIMA. Aided by well-constrained
gravitational amplification, we use these new data to map the distribution of
gas and both obscured and unobscured starlight. The maps show that the gas and
star formation are extended on scales of >= 10 kpc, much larger than starbursts
seen in local ultraluminous galaxies, and larger than the rest-frame UV-bright
components of SMM J14011+0252, J1/J2. The most vigorous star formation is
marked by peaks in both the molecular gas and radio emission, ~1'' north of
J1/J2, in the vicinity of J1n, an apparent faint extension of J1. Using new
sub-0.5'' K-band imaging from UKIRT, we identify J1n as an extremely red object
(ERO). We suggest that while J1 and J2 are clearly associated with the submm
source, they are merely windows through the dust, or unobscured companions to a
large and otherwise opaque star-forming system. Hence, their rest-frame UV
properties are unlikely to be relevant for understanding the detailed internal
physics of the starburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73013 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Spin of the Higgs Boson


  By studying the threshold dependence of the excitation curve and the angular
distribution in Higgs-strahlung at e+e- colliders, e+e- -> HZ, the spin of the
Higgs boson in the Standard Model and related extensions can be determined
unambiguously in a model-independent way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179665 </DOCNO>
Faddeev treatment of long-range correlations and the one-hole spectral


  The Faddeev technique is employed to study the influence of both
particle-particle and particle-hole phonons on the one-hole spectral function
of O16.
  Collective excitations are accounted for at a random phase approximation
level and subsequently summed to all orders by the Faddeev equations to obtain
the nucleon self-energy. An iterative procedure is applied to investigate the
effects of the self-consistent inclusion of the fragmentation in the
determination of the phonons and the corresponding self-energy. The present
results indicate that the characteristics of hole fragmentation are related to
the low-lying states of O16.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168722 </DOCNO>
Master Equation for Retrodiction of Quantum Communication Signals


  We derive the master equation that governs the evolution of the measured
state backwards in time in an open system. This allows us to determine
probabilities for a given set of preparation events from the results of
subsequent measurements, which has particular relevance to quantum
communication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81443 </DOCNO>
Improving the Dirac Operator in Lattice QCD


  Recently various new concepts for the construction of Dirac operators in
lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) have been introduced. These operators
satisfy the so-called Ginsparg-Wilson condition (GWC), thus obeying the
Atiyah-Singer index theorem and violating chiral symmetry only in a modest and
local form. Here we present studies in 4-d for SU(3) gauge configurations with
non-trivial topological content. We study the flow of eigenvalues and we
compare the numerical stability and efficiency of a recently suggested chirally
improved operator with that of others in this respect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128515 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Cusps and Cores in Early-type Galaxies As Relics of Binary Black


  We present an analysis of the central cusp slopes and core parameters of
early-type galaxies using a large database of surface brightness profiles
obtained from Hubble Space Telescope observations. We examine the relation
between the central cusp slopes, core parameters, and black hole masses in
early-type galaxies, in light of two models that attempt to explain the
formation of cores and density cusps via the dynamical influence of black
holes. Contrary to the expectations from adiabatic-growth models, we find that
the cusp slopes do not steepen with increasing black hole mass fraction.
Moreover, a comparison of kinematic black hole mass measurements with the
masses predicted by the adiabatic models shows that they overpredict the masses
by a factor of approximately 3. Simulations involving binary black hole mergers
predict that both the size of the core and the central mass deficit correlate
with the final black hole mass. These relations are qualitatively supported by
the present data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2515 </DOCNO>
Random Lasing from Weakly Scattering Media: Universality in the Emission


  When films of Pi-conjugated polymers are optically excited above a certain
threshold intensity, then the emission spectrum acquires a multimode finely
structured shape, which depends on the position of the excitation spot. We
demonstrate that the power Fourier transform (PFT) of the emission spectrum
exhibits a certain peak-like structure, which also depends on the excitation
spot. Our intriguing observation is that averaging the individual PFTs does not
lead to a structureless curve, but rather yields a series of distinct transform
peaks. This suggests universality, namely that the underlying random resonators
that are responsible for the laser emission from the pi-conjugated polymer film
are almost identical. We argue that the reason for such an universality is the
large size of a typical resonator, which we determined from the PFT, as
compared to the emission wavelength, lambda. This fact is, in turn, a
consequence of the large light mean free path, l* approximately 10 lambda in
the polymer film. This contrasts previous observations of random lasing in
powders, where l* approx. lambda. We develop a simple theory that explains the
presence of peaks in the average PFT and predicts their shape. The results of
the theory agree quantitatively with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5886 </DOCNO>
DC Josephson Effect in SNS Junctions of Anisotropic Superconductors


  A formula for the Josephson current between two superconductors with
anisotropic pairing symmetries is derived based on the mean-field theory of
superconductivity. Zero-energy states formed at the junction interfaces is one
of basic phenomena in anisotropic superconductor junctions. In the obtained
formula, effects of the zero-energy states on the Josephson current are taken
into account through the Andreev reflection coefficients of a quasiparticle. In
low temperature regimes, the formula can describe an anomaly in the Josephson
current which is a direct consequence of the exsitence of zero-energy states.
It is possible to apply the formula to junctions consist of superconductors
with spin-singlet Cooper pairs and those with spin-triplet Cooper pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125516 </DOCNO>
Using Correlation Integrals to Characterize 3D Stellar Orbits


  In an effort to more fully understand the variety of stellar distribution
functions that can be used to construct models of realistic galaxies, the
correlation integral method for orbit characterization that previously has been
introduced by Grassberger & Procaccia (1983) and Carnevali & Santangelo (1984)
is examined in considerable detail. The broad utility of the method is
validated and demonstrated by applying it to orbits in a number of different,
previously studied test cases (1D, 2D, and 3D; nonrotating and rotating). At
the same time, the correlation integral method is compared and contrasted with
other more traditional characterization tools such as Lyapunov exponents and
surfaces of section. The method is then extended to orbits in a previously
unexamined rotating, 3D bar potential. The correlation integral method is found
to be a simple and reliable way to quantitatively categorize orbits in
virtually any potential. It is recommended that it be broadly adopted as a tool
for characterizing the properties of orbits and, by extension, stellar
distribution functions, in all Hamiltonian dynamical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125426 </DOCNO>
Fossil Disks and Propellor Spindown of SGR/AXPs


  We have shown that the interstellar media which surround the progenitors of
SGRs and AXPs were unusually dense compared to the environments around most
young radio pulsars. This environmental correlation argues strongly against the
current magnetar model for SGRs and AXPs. We suggest instead that they are
neutron stars with sub-critical magnetic fields and are spun down rapidly by
``propeller'' torques from fossil disks formed from the fallback of supernova
ejecta. We show that this hypothesis is consistent with the observed properties
of these enigmatic objects, and we compare the propeller and magnetar models
for SGR and AXPs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167928 </DOCNO>
Formulation of Quantum Theory Using Computable and Non-Computable Real


  It is shown that in two-state quantum theory, a generic quantum state can be
described by a non-computable real number. In terms of this, the criterion for
measurement outcome is simply and deterministically defined. This demonstration
is based on a construction of the Riemann sphere whose points represent, not
complex numbers, but divergent sequences with bivalent elements. Complex
structure arises from self-similar properties of a set of operators which
generate these sequences. In general, a rotation of (the coordinates of) the
sphere maps a computable real to a non-computable real. This is interpreted
physically as a mapping of a physically-measurable state to a counterfactual
state. Implications for non-locality, null measurements, many worlds and so on,
are discussed. The possible role of the Euler equation as the counterpart of
the Schrodinger equation for real-number quantum state evolution is also
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128132 </DOCNO>
Long-term X-ray variability and state transition of GX 339-4


  With extensive monitoring data spanning over 30 years from Vela 5B, Ariel 5,
Ginga, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and BeppoSAX,
we find evidence for long-term X-ray variability on timescales ~190-240 d from
the black hole low-mass X-ray binary system GX 339-4. Such variability
resembles the outburst cycle of Z Cam-type dwarf novae, in which the standard
disc instability model plays a crucial role. If such a model is applicable to
GX 339-4, then the observed variability might be due to the irradiation of an
unstable accretion disc. We show that within the framework of the X-ray
irradiation model, when the accretion rate exceeds a critical value, GX 339-4
enters a `flat-topped' high/soft state, such as seen in 1998, which we suggest
corresponds to the `standstill' state of Z Cam systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114439 </DOCNO>
Intercellular Communication Via Intracellular Calcium Oscillations


  In this letter we present the results of a simple model for intercellular
communication via calcium oscillations, motivated in part by a recent
experimental study. The model describes two cells (a "donor" and "sensor")
whose intracellular dynamics involve a calcium-induced, calcium release
process. The cells are coupled by assuming that the the input of the sensor
cell is proportional to the output of the donor cell. As one varies the
frequency of calcium oscillations of the donor cell, the sensor cell passes
through a sequence of N:M phase locked regimes and exhibits a "Devil's
staircase" behavior. Such a phase locked response has been seen experimentally
in pulsatile stimulation of single cells. We also study a stochastic version of
the coupled two cell model. We find that phase locking holds for realistic
choices for the cell volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4329 </DOCNO>
Pseudogap formation of four-layer BaRuO$_3$ and its electrodynamic


  We investiaged the optical properties of four-layer BaRuO$_{3}$, which shows
a fermi-liquid-like behavior at low temperature. Its optical conductivity
spectra clearly displayed the formation of a pseudogap and the development of a
coherent peak with decreasing temperature. Temperature-dependences of the
density $n$ and the scattering rate $1/\tau$ of the coherent component were
also derived. As the temperature decreases, both $n$ and $1/\tau$ decrease for
four-layer BaRuO$_{3}$. These electrodynamic responses were compared with those
of nine-layer BaRuO$_{3}$, which also shows a pseudogap formation but has an
insulator-like state at low temperature. It was found that the relative rates
of change of both $n$ and $1/\tau$ determine either metallic or insulator-like
responses in the ruthenates. The optical properties of the four-layer ruthenate
were also compared with those of other pseudogap systems, such as high $T_{c}$
cuprates and heavy electron systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86565 </DOCNO>
The quantum phase problem: steps toward a resolution


  Defining the observable ${\bf \phi}$ canonically conjugate to the number
observable ${\bf N}$ has long been an open problem in quantum theory. The
problem stems from the fact that ${\bf N}$ is bounded from below. In a previous
work we have shown how to define the absolute phase observable ${\bf
\Phi}\equiv |{\bf\phi}|$ by suitably restricting the Hilbert space of $x$ and
$p$ like variables. Here we show that also from the classical point of view,
there is no rigorous definition for the phase even though it's absolute value
is well defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86573 </DOCNO>
Generalized Tensor Analysis Method and the Wilson and Wilson Experiment


  A generalized covariant method of analysis applicable to frames for which
time is not orthogonal to space, such as spacetime around a star possessing
angular momentum or on a rotating disk, is presented. Important aspects of such
an analysis are shown to include i) use of the physically relevant
contravariant or covariant component form for a given vector/tensor, ii)
conversion of physical (measured) components to coordinate (generalized)
components prior to tensor analysis, iii) use of generally covariant
constitutive equations during tensor analysis, and iv) conversion of coordinate
components back to physical components after tensor analysis. The method is
then applied to the rotating frame Wilson and Wilson and Roentgen/Eichenwald
experiments and shown to predict the measured results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174843 </DOCNO>
Two-particle correlations in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$


  We present preliminary results on two new two-particle correlation analyses
of Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130 GeV$ performed by the STAR
collaboration. Two-pion interferometry with respect to the reaction plane shows
that the pion source can be described as an ellipse extended out of the
reaction plane. Analysing the pion-kaon correlation functions, we show that, on
average, pions and kaons are not emitted at the same position and/or time. Both
measurements are interpreted in the so-called blast wave model framework whose
main feature is a strong flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95386 </DOCNO>
Singular polynomials of generalized Kasteleyn matrices


  Kasteleyn counted the number of domino tilings of a rectangle by considering
a mutation of the adjacency matrix: a Kasteleyn matrix K. In this paper we
present a generalization of Kasteleyn matrices and a combinatorial
interpretation for the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of KK^\ast
(which we call the singular polynomial), where K is a generalized Kasteleyn
matrix for a planar bipartite graph. We also present a q-version of these ideas
and a few results concerning tilings of special regions such as rectangles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6735 </DOCNO>
Unzipping dsDNA with a force: scaling theory


  A double stranded DNA molecule under the stress of a pulling force acting on
the strand terminals exhibits a partially denatured structure or can be
completely unzipped depending the magnitude of the pulling force. A scaling
argument for relationships amongst basic length scales is presented that takes
into account the heterogeneity of the sequence. The result agrees with our
numerical simulation data, which provides a critical test of the power laws in
the unzipping transition region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149323 </DOCNO>
Correspondence principle in quantum gravity


  The problem of consistent formulation of the correspondence principle in
quantum gravity is considered. The usual approach based on the use of the
two-particle scattering amplitudes is shown to be in disagreement with the
classical result of General Relativity given by the Schwarzschild solution. It
is shown also that this approach fails to describe whatever non-Newtonian
interactions of macroscopic bodies. An alternative interpretation of the
correspondence principle is given directly in terms of the effective action.
Gauge independence of the \hbar^0 part of the one-loop radiative corrections to
the gravitational form factors of the scalar particle is proved, justifying the
interpretation proposed. Application to the black holes is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114055 </DOCNO>
Photoinjector design for the LCLS


  The design of the Linac Coherent Light Source assumes that a low-emittance,
1-nC, 10-ps beam will be available for injection into the 15-GeV linac. The
proposed rf photocathode injector that will provide a 150-MeV beam with rms
normalized emittances of 1 mm in both the transverse and longitudinal
dimensions is based on a 1.6-cell S-band rf gun that is equipped with an
emittance compensating solenoid. The booster accelerator is positioned at the
beam waist coinciding with the first emittance maximum and is provided with an
accelerating gradient of ~25 MeV/m, i.e., the "new working point." The uv
pulses required for cathode excitation will be generated by tripling the output
of a Ti:sapphire laser system consisting of a highly stable cw mode-locked
oscillator and two bow-tie amplifiers pumped by a pair of Q-switched Nd:YAG
lasers. The large bandwidth of the Ti:sapphire system accommodates the desired
temporal pulse shaping. Details of the design and the supporting simulations
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7164 </DOCNO>
Bond and Neel order and fractionalization in ground states of easy-plane


  We describe the zero temperature phases and phase boundaries of an effective
lattice model for frustrated, easy-plane, spin S=1/2 quantum antiferromagnets.
The model contains states with Neel and bond-centered charge order and
fractionalization in different limiting regimes, and we describe how these
orders compete at intermediate coupling. The complex Berry phase terms render
this model unsuitable for direct simulation; however, a duality mapping leads
to a model of interacting current loops with positive weights, which is then
studied by Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113512 </DOCNO>
Large Scale Quantization and the Puzzling Cosmological Problems


  We have investigated the implications of Quantum Mechanics to macroscopic
scale. Evaporation of Black Holes and evolution of pulsars may be one of the
consequences of this conjecture. The two equations GM=Rc^2 and GM^2=hc where R
and M are the radius and the mass of the universe, are governing the evolution
of the universe throughout its entire cosmic expansion, provided that the
appropriate Planck constant is chosen. The existence of very large values of
physical quantities are found to be due to cosmic quantization. We predict a
constant residual acceleration of the order 10^{-7}cm s^{-2} acting on all
objects at the present time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148661 </DOCNO>
Construction of non-Abelian gauge theories on noncommutative spaces


  We present a formalism to explicitly construct non-Abelian gauge theories on
noncommutative spaces (induced via a star product with aconstant Poisson
tensor) from a consistency relation. This results in an expansion of the gauge
parameter, the noncommutative gauge potential and fields in the fundamental
representation, in powers of a parameter of the noncommutativity. This allows
the explicit construction of actions for these gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126512 </DOCNO>
Extremely Metal-Poor Stars. VIII. High-Resolution, High-Signal-To-Noise


  High-resolution, high-signal-to-noise (<S/N> = 85) spectra have been obtained
for five stars -- CD-24:17504, CD-38:245, CS 22172-002, CS 22885-096, and CS
22949-037 -- having [Fe/H] < -3.5 according to previous lower S/N material. LTE
model-atmosphere techniques are used to determine [Fe/H] and relative
abundances, or their limits, for some 18 elements, and to constrain more
tightly the early enrichment history of the Galaxy than is possible based on
previous analyses.
  We compare our results with high-quality higher-abundance literature data for
other metal-poor stars and with the canonical Galactic chemical enrichment
results of Timmes et al. (1995) and obtain the following basic results: (1)
Large supersolar values of [C/Fe] and [N/Fe], not predicted by the canonical
models, exist at lowest abundance. For C at least, the result is difficult to
attribute to internal mixing effects; (2) We confirm that there is {\it no
upward trend} in [$\alpha$/Fe] as a function of [Fe/H], in contradistinction to
some reports of the behavior of [O/Fe]; (3) The abundances of aluminum, after
correction for non-LTE effects, are in fair accord with theoretical prediction;
(4) We confirm earlier results concerning the Fe-peak elements that [Cr/Fe] and
[Mn/Fe] decrease at lowest abundance, while [Co/Fe] increases -- behaviors that
had not been predicted. We find, however, that [Ni/Fe] does not vary with
[Fe/H], and at [Fe/H] ~ -3.7, [Ni/Fe] = +0.08 +/- 0.06. This result appears to
be inconsistent with the supernova models of Nakamura et al. (1999) that seek
to understand the observed behavior of the Fe-peak elements by varying the
position of the model mass cut relative to the Si-burning regions.
(abbreviated)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7594 </DOCNO>
Theory of single spin detection with STM


  We propose a mechanism for detection of a single spin center on a
non-magnetic substrate. In the detection scheme, the STM tunnel current is
correlated with the spin orientation. In the presence of magnetic field, the
spin precesses and the tunnel current is modulated at the Larmor frequency. The
mechanism relies on the effective spin-orbit interaction between the injected
unpolarized STM current and the local spin center, which leads to the nodal
structure of the spatial signal profile. Based on the proposed mechanism, the
strongest spin-related signal can be expected for the systems with large
spin-orbit coupling and low carrier concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74191 </DOCNO>
Hadron Production in Neutrino-Nucleon Interactions at High Energies


  The multi-particle production at high energy neutrino- nucleon collisions are
investigated through the analysis of the data of the experiment CERN-WA-025 at
neutrino energy less than 260GeV and the experiments FNAL-616 and FNAL-701 at
energy range 120-250 GeV. The general features of these experiments are used as
base to build a hypothetical model that views the reaction by a Feynman diagram
of two vertices. The first of which concerns the weak interaction between the
neutrino and the quark constituents of the nucleon. At the second vertex, a
strong color field is assumed to play the role of particle production, which
depend on the momentum transferred from the first vertex. The wave function of
the nucleon quarks are determined using the variation method and relevant
boundary conditions are applied to calculate the deep inelastic cross sections
of the virtual diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149000 </DOCNO>
An N=1 Supersymmetric Coulomb Flow


  We find a three-parameter family of solutions to IIB supergravity that
corresponds to N=1 supersymmetric holographic RG flows of N=4 supersymmetric
Yang Mills theory. This family of solutions allows one to give a mass to a
single chiral superfield, and to probe a two-dimensional subspace of the
Coulomb branch. In particular, we examine part of the Coulomb branch of the
Leigh-Strassler fixed point. We look at the infra-red asymptotics of these
flows from the ten-dimensional perspective. We also make general conjectures
for the lifting Ansatz of five-dimensional scalar configurations to
ten-dimensional tensor gauge fields. Our solution provides a highly non-trivial
test of these conjectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113641 </DOCNO>
The Light Scattering and Fast Mie Algorithm


  The main topics of this paper is to shown a Fast Mie Algorithm FMA as the
best way to use the Mie scattering theory for cross section calculation. This
fast algorithm used recursion for summing a long timed sum of cylindrical
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76195 </DOCNO>
Triviality and stability in effective theories


  In this talk we consider the modifications induced by heavy physics on the
triviality and vacuum stability bounds on the Higgs-boson mass. We parameterize
the heavy interactions using an effective Lagrangian and find that the
triviality bound is essentially unaffected for weakly-coupled heavy physics. In
contrast there are significant modifications in the stability bound that for a
light Higgs boson require a scale of new physics of the order of a few TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113830 </DOCNO>
Universal Spectrum for Natural Variability of Climate: Implications for


  The apparantly irregular (unpredictable) space-time fluctuations in
atmospheric flows ranging from climate (thousands of kilometers - years) to
turbulence (millimeters - seconds) exhibit the universal symmetry of
self-similarity. Self-similarity or scale invariance implies long-range
spatiotemporal correlations and is manifested in atmospheric flows as the
fractal geometry to spatial pattern concomitant with inverse power-law form for
power spectra of temporal fluctuations. Long-range spatiotemporal correlations
are ubiquitous to dynamical systems in nature and are identified as signatures
of self-organized criticality. Standard meteorological theory cannot explain
satisfactorily the observed self-organized criticality. Numerical models for
simulation and prediction of atmospheric flows are subject to deterministic
chaos and give unrealistic solutions. Deterministic chaos is a direct
consequence of round-off error growth in iterative computations. Round-off
error of finite precision computations doubles on an average at each step of
iterative computations. Round-off error will propagate to the mainstream
computation and give unrealistic solutions in numerical weather prediction
(NWP) and climate models which incorporate thousands of iterative computations
in long-term numerical integration schemes. A recently developed
non-deterministic cell dynamical system model for atmospheric flows predicts
the observed self-organized criticality as intrinsic to quantumlike mechanics
governing flow dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148133 </DOCNO>
The Layer Phase in the Non-isotropic SU(3) Gauge Model at Finite


  The phase structure of a non-isotropic non-Abelian SU(3) lattice gauge model
at finite temperature is investigated to the third order in the
variational-cumulant expansion (VCE) approach. The layer phase exists in this
model in the cases of dimensions D=4, D=5 (d=D-1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76586 </DOCNO>
Exploring New Physics Through Contact Interactions in Lepton Pair


  If a contact interaction type correction to a Standard Model process is
observed, studying its detailed properties can provide information on the
fundamental physics responsible for it. Assuming that such a correction has
been observed in lepton pair production at a 500 GeV - 1 TeV linear collider,
we consider a few possible models that could explain it, such as theories with
large and TeV-scale extra dimensions and models with lepton compositeness. We
show that using the measured cross-sections and angular distributions, these
models can be distinguished with a high degree of confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96723 </DOCNO>
Singular Lagrangian Systems on Jet Bundles


  The jet bundle description of time-dependent mechanics is revisited. The
constraint algorithm for singular Lagrangians is discussed and an exhaustive
description of the constraint functions is given. By means of auxiliary
connections we give a basis of constraint functions in the Lagrangian and
Hamiltonian sides. An additional description of constraints is also given
considering at the same time compatibility, stability and second-order
condition problems. Finally, a classification of the constraints in first and
second class is obtained using a cosymplectic geometry setting. Using the
second class constraints, a Dirac bracket is introduced, extending the
well-known construction by Dirac.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99018 </DOCNO>
Distances en geometrie non commutative


  Cette these etudie l'aspect metrique de la geometrie non commutative a
travers la formulation de Connes de la distance entre etats d'une algebre. Sont
etudies des exemples d'espaces finis et le modele standard ou le champs de
Higgs s'interprete comme coefficient d'une metrique dans une dimension interne
discrete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73865 </DOCNO>
Status of Neutrino Oscillations


  Solar and atmospheric neutrino data require physics beyond the Standard Model
of particle physics. The simplest, most generic, but not yet unique,
interpretation of the data is in terms of neutrino oscillations. I summarize
the results of the latest three-neutrino oscillation global fit of the data, in
particular the bounds on the angle $\theta_{13}$ probed in reactor experiments.
Even though not implied by the data, bi-maximal neutrino mixing emerges as an
attractive possibility either in hierarchical or quasi-degenerate neutrino
scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125354 </DOCNO>
Magellanic Cloud Structure from Near-IR Surveys II: Star Count Maps and


  I construct a near-IR star count map of the LMC and demonstrate, using the
viewing angles derived in Paper I, that the LMC is intrinsically elongated. I
argue that this is due to the tidal force from the Milky Way. The near-IR data
from the 2MASS and DENIS surveys are used to create a star count map of RGB and
AGB stars, which is interpreted through ellipse fitting. The radial number
density profile is approximately exponential with a scale-length 1.3-1.5 kpc.
However, there is an excess density at large radii that may be due to the tidal
effect of the Milky Way. The position angle and ellipticity profile converge to
PA_maj = 189.3 +/- 1.4 degrees and epsilon = 0.199 +/- 0.008 for r > 5 deg. At
large radii there is a drift of the center of the star count contours towards
the near side of the plane, which can be undrestood as due to viewing
perspective. The fact that PA_maj differes from the line of nodes position
angle Theta = 122.5 +/- 8.3 (cf. Paper I) indicates that the LMC disk is not
circular, but has an intrinsic ellipticity of 0.31. The LMC is elongated in the
general direction of the Galactic center, and is elongated perpendicular to the
Magellanic Stream and the velocity vector of the LMC center of mass. This
suggests that the elongation of the LMC has been induced by the tidal force of
the Milky Way. The position angle of the line of nodes differs from the
position angle Theta_max of the line of maximum line of sight velocity
gradient: Theta_max - Theta = 20-60 degrees. This could be due to: (a)
streaming along non-circular orbits in the elongated disk; (b) uncertainties in
the transverse motion of the LMC center of mass; (c) precession and nutation of
the LMC disk as it orbits the Milky Way (expected on theoretical grounds).
[Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148433 </DOCNO>
Strings in a Space with Tensor Central Charge Coordinates


  New string models in D=4 space-time extended by tensor central charge
coordinates $z_{mn}$ are constructed. We use the $z_{mn}$ coordinates to
generate string tension using a minimally extended string action linear in
$dz^{mn}$. It is shown that the presence of $z_{mn}$ lifts the light-like
character of the tensionless string worldsheet and the degeneracy of its
induced metric. We analyse the equations of motion and find a solution of the
string equations in the generalized D=(4+6)-dimensional space $X^{\cal
M}=(x^{m},z^{mn})$ with $z_{mn}$ describing a spin wave process. A
supersymmetric version of the proposed model is formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74378 </DOCNO>
The Bose-Einstein distribution functions and the multiparticle


  The evolution properties of propagating particles produced at high energies
in a randomly distributed environment are studied. The finite size of the phase
space of the multiparticle production region as well as the chaoticity can be
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 153 </DOCNO>
Interaction and Particle-Hole Symmetry of Laughlin Quasiparticles


  The pseudopotentials describing interaction of Laughlin quasielectrons (QE)
and quasiholes (QH) in an infinite fractional quantum Hall system are studied.
The QE and QH pseudopotentials are similar which suggests the (approximate)
particle--hole symmetry recovered in the thermodynamical limit. The problem of
the hypothetical symmetry-breaking QE hard-core repulsion is resolved by the
estimate that the ``forbidden'' QE pair state has too high energy and is
unstable. Strong oscillations of the QE and QH pseudopotentials persist in an
infinite system, and the analogous QE and QH pair states with small relative
angular momentum and nearly vanishing interaction energy are predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113609 </DOCNO>
Elementar Objects of Matter: Universality, Hierarchy, Isomorphysm,


  In the frame of Wave Universe Concept (WU Concept) it is presented the
alternative approach to the effective description of Elementar Objects of
Matter (EOM) of micro and megaworld hierarchy, in particular, of particles in
subatomic physics.
   According to the Wave Universe Concept (WU Concept), discrete spectrum of
EOM is close connected, generate by universal spectrum of physically
preferable, elite velocities in the Universe.
   The special attantion to analysis and precise description of central set of
EOM - stationary states (of EOM) is payed.
   In particular, sufficiently precise representations for mass values, cross
relations between masses of main important objects of particle physics (proton,
pion, main mesons, etc.) are obtained.
   Obtained representations for the hierarchy of characteristic dimensional
parameters, for instance, for the mass spectrum - mass formula are not
contained any divergencies - its are simple, compact, possess clear physical
sence and have not any kind of fitting parameters. With this, the competence
field of these representations is practically indefinitely - apparently, "all"
Wave Universe for wide set EOM of micro and megaworld.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74687 </DOCNO>
Stability of $AdS_p x S^n x S^{q-n}$ Compactifications


  We examine the stability of ${\rm AdS}_p \times {\rm S}^n \times {\rm
S}^{q-n}$. The initial data constructed by De Wolfe et al \cite{Gary} has been
carefully analyised and we have confirmed that there is no lower bound for the
total mass for $q< 9$. The effective action on ${\rm AdS}_p$ has been derived
for dilatonic compactification of the system to describe the non-linear
fluctuation of the background space-time. The stability is discussed applying
the positive energy theorem to the effective theory on AdS, which again shows
the stability for $q \geq 9$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98860 </DOCNO>
For differential equations with r parameters, 2r+1 experiments are


  Given a set of differential equations whose description involves unknown
parameters, such as reaction constants in chemical kinetics, and supposing that
one may at any time measure the values of some of the variables and possibly
apply external inputs to help excite the system, how many experiments are
sufficient in order to obtain all the information that is potentially available
about the parameters? This paper shows that the best possible answer (assuming
exact measurements) is 2r+1 experiments, where r is the number of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125471 </DOCNO>
Identification of the donor in the X-ray binary GRS 1915+105


  We report on the results of medium-resolution spectroscopy of GRS 1915+105 in
the near-infrared H and K band using the 8m VLT at ESO. We clearly identify
absorption bandheads from 12CO and 13CO. Together with other features this
results in a classification of the mass-donating star in this binary as a K-M
III star, clearly indicating that GRS 1915+105 belongs to the class of low-mass
X-ray binaries (LMXB).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179566 </DOCNO>
Tensor representation of the nucleon-nucleon amplitude


  Many approaches to nucleon-nucleus elastic and inelastic scattering are based
on the use of the free-space nucleon-nucleon transition amplitude. In
calculations where the full spin-dependence of this amplitude is needed, its
use is more tractable when it is expressed in terms of irreducible tensor
operators of the spins of the interacting nucleons. We present general formulae
for this representation which is particularly useful for inelastic scattering
studies involving spin-flip transitions of a target nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74360 </DOCNO>
Hidden Sector Supergravity Breakdown


  Gravity mediated supersymmetry breakdown originated from a study of gaugino
condensation in a hidden sector. We review this mechanism of supergravity
breakdown from the original formulation in the early eighties to its natural
implementation in superstring theory and M-theory. In the latter case hidden
and observable sector become separated geometrically and supersymmetry is
broken dynamically on a hidden wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75744 </DOCNO>
Perturbation Calculation of the Axial Anomaly of a Ginsparg-Wilson


  A recent proposal suggests that even if a Ginsparg-Wilson lattice Dirac
operator does not possess any topological zero modes in
topologically-nontrivial gauge backgrounds, it can reproduce correct axial
anomaly for sufficiently smooth gauge configurations, provided that it is
exponentially-local, doublers-free, and has correct continuum behavior. In this
paper, we calculate the axial anomaly of this lattice Dirac operator in weak
coupling perturbation theory, and show that it recovers the topological charge
density in the continuum limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86799 </DOCNO>
Admissible Lichnerowicz coordinates for the Schwarzschild metric


  Global harmonic coordinates for the complete Schwarzschild metric are found
for a more general case than that addressed in a previous work by Quan-Hui Liu.
The supplementary constant that appears, in addition to the mass, is related to
the stress quadrupole moment of a singular energy--momentum tensor. Similar
calculations are also carried out in q--harmonic coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129214 </DOCNO>
Multiple starbursts in Blue Compact Galaxies


  In this paper we present some results concerning the effects of two
instantaneous starbursts, separated by a quiescent period, on the dynamical and
chemical evolution of blue compact dwarf galaxies. In particular, we compare
the model results to the galaxy IZw18, which is a very metal-poor, gas-rich
dwarf galaxy, possibly experiencing its first or second burst of star
formation. We follow the evolution of a first weak burst of star formation
followed by a second more intense one occurring after several hundreds million
years. We find that a galactic wind develops only during the second burst and
that metals produced in the burst are preferentially lost relative to the
hydrogen gas. We predict the evolution of several chemical abundances (H, He,
C, N, O, \alpha-elements, Fe) in the gas inside and outside the galaxy, by
taking into account in detail the chemical and energetical contributions from
type II and Ia supernovae. We find that the abundances predicted for the star
forming region are in good agreement with the HII region abundances derived for
IZw18. We also predict the abundances of C, N and O expected for the HI gas to
be compared with future FUSE abundance determinations. We conclude that IZw18
must have experienced two bursts of star formation, one occurred \sim 300 Myr
ago and a present one with an age between 4-7 Myr. However, by taking into
account also other independent estimates, such as the color-magnitude diagram
and the spectral energy distribution of stars in IZw18, and the fact that real
starbursts are not instantaneous, we suggest that it is more likely that the
burst age is between 4 and 15 Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179606 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity Studies for Extraction of G_E^n from Inclusive and


  The processes \vec{3He}(\vec{e},e') and \vec{3He}(\vec{e},e'n) are
theoretically analyzed with the aim to search for sensitivities in the electric
form factor of the neutron, G_E^n. Faddeev calculations based on the high
precision NN force AV18 and using consistent MEC's are employed. While the
inclusive process is too insensitive, the semi-exclusive one appears promising.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81487 </DOCNO>
The Area Law in Matrix Models for Large N QCD Strings


  We study the question whether matrix models obtained in the zero volume limit
of 4d Yang-Mills theories can describe large N QCD strings. The matrix model we
use is a variant of the Eguchi-Kawai model in terms of Hermitian matrices, but
without any twists or quenching. This model was originally proposed as a toy
model of the IIB matrix model. In contrast to common expectations, we do
observe the area law for Wilson loops in a significant range of scale of the
loop area. Numerical simulations show that this range is stable as N increases
up to 768, which strongly suggests that it persists in the large N limit. Hence
the equivalence to QCD strings may hold for length scales inside a finite
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96013 </DOCNO>
Seshadri constants and very ample divisors on algebraic surfaces


  A broadly applicable geometric approach for constructing nef divisors on blow
ups of algebraic surfaces at n general points is given; it works for all
surfaces in all characteristics for any n. This construction is used to obtain
substantial improvements for currently known lower bounds for n point Seshadri
constants. Remarks are included about a range of applications to classical
problems involving linear systems on P2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129005 </DOCNO>
Long-Term Monitoring of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars


  We report on long-term monitoring of anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) using the
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. Using phase-coherent timing, we find a wide
variety of behaviors among the sources, ranging from high stability (in 1E
2259.1+586 and 4U 0142+61), to instabilities so severe that phase-coherent
timing is not possible (in 1E 1048.1-5937). We note a correlation in which
timing stability in AXPs decreases with increasing spin-down rate. The timing
stability of soft gamma repeaters in quiescence is consistent with this trend,
which is similar to one seen in radio pulsars. We consider high signal-to-noise
ratio average pulse profiles as a function of energy for each AXP, and find a
variety of behaviors. We find no large variability in pulse morphology nor in
pulsed flux as a function of time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4425 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of parametric pumping due to Andreev reflection


  We report properties of parametric electron pumping in the presence of a
superconducting lead. Due to a constructive interference between the direct
reflection and the multiple Andreev reflection, the pumped current is greatly
enhanced. For both quantum point contacts and double barrier structures at
resonance, we obtain exact solutions in the weak pumping regime showing that
$I_p^{NS} = 4 I_p^N$, which should be compared with the result of conductance
$G_{NS} = 2G_N$. Numerical results are also provided for the strong pumping
regime showing interesting Andreev assisted pumping behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113360 </DOCNO>
Recycling probability and dynamical properties of germinal center


  We introduce a new model for the dynamics of centroblasts and centrocytes in
a germinal center. The model reduces the germinal center reaction to the
elements considered as essential and embeds proliferation of centroblasts,
point mutations of the corresponding antibody types represented in a shape
space, differentiation to centrocytes, selection with respect to initial
antigens, differentiation of positively selected centrocytes to plasma or
memory cells and recycling of centrocytes to centroblasts. We use exclusively
parameters with a direct biological interpretation such that, once determined
by experimental data, the model gains predictive power. Based on the experiment
of Han et al. (1995b) we predict that a high rate of recycling of centrocytes
to centroblasts is necessary for the germinal center reaction to work reliably.
Furthermore, we find a delayed start of the production of plasma and memory
cells with respect to the start of point mutations, which turns out to be
necessary for the optimization process during the germinal center reaction. The
dependence of the germinal center reaction on the recycling probability is
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113885 </DOCNO>
An elementary approach to quantum gravity based on a flux model of a


  Interactions with ordinary matter of a flux of high-speed uncharged dark
matter particles pervasively present in space are examined. In this model, we
find that the property of matter that we designate as mass becomes a measure of
the interaction cross section of ordinary matter with the flux of dark matter.
  From this model emerge both a flux-mediated attractive inverse-square force
between particles of ordinary matter as well as a characteristic
nondeterministic behavior of ordinary matter that originates from statistical
variations in the flux. The occurrence of effects similar to gravitational
phenomena and effects similar to quantum phenomena in this model may enable a
straightforward examination of the convergence of gravitational physics and
quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148313 </DOCNO>
Chiral Gauge Anomalies on Noncommutative Minkowski Space-time


  Chiral gauge anomalies on noncommutative Minkowski Space-time are computed
and have their origin elucidated. The consistent form and the covariant form of
the anomaly are obtained. Both Fujikawa's method and Feynman diagram techniques
are used to carry out the calculations

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41357 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Topological Branching Fractions of the tau lepton at


  Using data collected with the L3 detector at LEP from 1992 to 1995 on the Z
peak, we determine the branching fractions of the tau lepton into one, three
and five charged particles to be:
  B(tau->(1-prong)) = 85.274 +- 0.105 +- 0.073 %,
  B(tau->(3-prong)) = 14.556 +- 0.105 +- 0.076 %,
  B(tau->(5-prong)) = 0.170 +- 0.022 +- 0.026 %.
  The first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The
accuracy of these measurements alone is similar to that of the current world
average.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99165 </DOCNO>
Zygmund regularity of Colombeau generalized functions and applications


  We introduce an intrinsic notion of Zygmund regularity for Colombeau algebras
of generalized functions. In case of embedded distributions belonging to some
Zygmund-H\"older space this is shown to be consistent. The definition is
motivated by the well-known use of the wavelet transform as a tool in studying
H\"older regularity. It is based on a simple mollifier-wavelet interplay which
translates wavelet estimates into properties of regularizations. We investigate
basic properties of the newly defined subspaces as well as their application to
differential equations whose coefficients and initial data are generalized
functions in some Zygmund class. Problems of this kind occur, for example, in
global seismology where Earth's properties of fractal nature have to be taken
into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97526 </DOCNO>
The equivariant cohomology of Hamiltonian $G$-spaces From Residual $S^1$


  We show that for a Hamiltonian action of a compact torus $G$ on a compact,
connected symplectic manifold $M$, the $G$-equivariant cohomology is determined
by the residual $S^1$ action on the submanifolds of $M$ fixed by codimension-1
tori. This theorem allows us to compute the equivariant cohomology of certain
manifolds, which have pieces that are four-dimensional or smaller. We give
several examples of the computations that this allows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81274 </DOCNO>
The Index and Axial Anomaly of a lattice Dirac operator


  A remarkable feature of a lattice Dirac operator is discussed. Unlike the
Dirac operator for massless fermions in the continuum, this Ginsparg-Wilson
lattice Dirac operator does not possess topological zero modes for any
topologically-nontrivial background gauge fields, even though it is
exponentially-local, doublers-free, and reproduces correct axial anomaly for
topologically-trivial gauge configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149172 </DOCNO>
Dark Energy in Perturbative String Cosmology


  The apparent observation of dark energy poses problems for string theory. In
de Sitter space, or in quintessence models, one cannot define a gauge-invariant
S-matrix. We argue that eternal quintessence does not arise in weakly coupled
string theory, but point out that it is difficult to define an $S$-matrix even
in the presence of perturbative potentials for the moduli. The solutions of the
Fischler-Susskind equations all have Big Bang or Big Crunch Singularities. We
believe that an S-matrix (or S-vector) exists in this context but cannot be
calculated by purely perturbative methods. We study the possibility of
metastable de Sitter vacua in such weakly coupled scenarios, and conclude that
the S-matrix of the extreme weak coupling region cannot probe de Sitter
physics.
 We also consider proposed explanations of the dark energy from the perspective
of string theory, and find that most are implausible. We note that it is
possible that the axion constitutes both the dark matter and the dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2449 </DOCNO>
Universal Lax pairs for Spin Calogero-Moser Models and Spin Exchange


  For any root system $\Delta$ and an irreducible representation ${\cal R}$ of
the reflection (Weyl) group $G_\Delta$ generated by $\Delta$, a {\em spin
Calogero-Moser model} can be defined for each of the potentials: rational,
hyperbolic, trigonometric and elliptic. For each member $\mu$ of ${\cal R}$, to
be called a "site", we associate a vector space ${\bf V}_{\mu}$ whose element
is called a "spin". Its dynamical variables are the canonical coordinates
$\{q_j,p_j\}$ of a particle in ${\bf R}^r$, ($r=$ rank of $\Delta$), and spin
exchange operators $\{\hat{\cal P}_\rho\}$ ($\rho\in\Delta$) which exchange the
spins at the sites $\mu$ and $s_{\rho}(\mu)$. Here $s_\rho$ is the reflection
generated by $\rho$. For each $\Delta$ and ${\cal R}$ a {\em spin exchange
model} can be defined. The Hamiltonian of a spin exchange model is a linear
combination of the spin exchange operators only. It is obtained by "freezing"
the canonical variables at the equilibrium point of the corresponding classical
Calogero-Moser model. For $\Delta=A_r$ and ${\cal R}=$ vector representation it
reduces to the well-known Haldane-Shastry model. Universal Lax pair operators
for both spin Calogero-Moser models and spin exchange models are presented
which enable us to construct as many conserved quantities as the number of
sites for {\em degenerate} potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128484 </DOCNO>
Filaments and Ionized Gas in the Vicinity of 3C 244.1


  We present results of Hubble Space Telescope observations of the radio galaxy
3C 244.1. The broadband F702W (R) and F555W (V) images (WFPC2/PC) show an
elliptical galaxy and gaseous filaments and blobs surrounding it. In the
narrow-band ramp filter, dominated by [OIII]lambda5007, these filaments are
bright and have the same morphology as the broad band images. To the south, the
filaments have a cone-shaped structure and the radio jet is located at the
center of this cone. To the north of the galaxy, the structure is found near
the nucleus of the galaxy within its elliptical profile. From the photometry,
the two brighter structures seem to be extended narrow line emission regions
(ENLRs). The comparison with diagnostic line ratios shows that the observed
emission is consistent with interactions between the expanding radio-jet and
the local denser medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179086 </DOCNO>
Superfluid Phase Transitions in Dense Neutron Matter


  The phase transitions in a realistic system with triplet pairing, dense
neutron matter, have been investigated. The spectrum of phases of the
$^3P_2-^3F_2$ model, which adequately describes pairing in this system, is
analytically constructed with the aid of a separation method for solving BCS
gap equation in states of arbitrary angular momentum. In addition to solutions
involving a single value of the magnetic quantum number (and its negative),
there exist ten real multicomponent solutions. Five of the corresponding
angle-dependent order parameters have nodes, and five do not. In contrast to
the case of superfluid $^3$He, transitions occur between phases with nodeless
order parameters. The temperature dependence of the competition between the
various phases is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148028 </DOCNO>
Cosmic String in the Supersymmetric CSKR Theory


  We study a cosmic string solution of an N=1-supersymmetric version of the
Cremmer-Scherk-Kalb-Ramond (CSKR) Lagrangian coupled to a vector superfield by
means of a topological mass term. The 2-form gauge potential is proposed to
couple non-minimally to matter, here described by a chiral scalar superfield.
The important outcome is that supersymmetry is kept exact both in the core and
in the exterior region of the string. We contemplate the bosonic configurations
and it can be checked that the solutions saturate the Bogomolnyi bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74489 </DOCNO>
Gauge-invariant fluctuations of scalar branes


  A generalization of the Bardeen formalism to the case of warped geometries is
presented. The system determining the gauge-invariant fluctuations of the
metric induced by the scalar fluctuations of the brane is reduced to a set of
Schr\"odinger-like equations for the Bardeen potentials and for the canonical
normal modes of the scalar-tensor action. Scalar, vector and tensor modes of
the geometry are classified according to four-dimensional Lorentz
transformations. While the tensor modes of the geometry live on the brane
determining the corrections to Newton law, the scalar and and vector
fluctuations exhibit non normalizable zero modes and are, consequently, not
localized on the brane. The spectrum of the massive modes of the fluctuations
is analyzed using supersymmetric quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168923 </DOCNO>
Geometric Phases of Macroscopic Spin in Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We propose a scheme for generating spin J geometric phases using a coupled
two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate. First we show how to observe the standard
Berry phase using a Raman coupling between the modes. Presence of collisions
allows us to implement non-Abelian geometric phases as well. Finally we show
that errors in the standard Berry phase due to elastic collisions can be
corrected by controlling inelastic collisions between atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98109 </DOCNO>
Deforming Area Preserving Diffeomorphism of Surfaces by Mean Curvature


  Let f:\Sigma_1 --> \Sigma_2 be an area preserving diffeomorphism between
compact Riemann surfaces of constant curvature. The graph of f can be viewed as
a Lagrangian submanifold in \Sigma_1\times \Sigma_2. This article discusses a
canonical way to deform f along area preserving diffeomorphisms. This
deformation process is realized through the mean curvature flow of the graph of
f in \Sigma_1\times \Sigma_2. It is proved that the flow exists for all time
and the map converges to a canonical map. In particular, this gives a new proof
of the classical topological results that O(3) is a deformation retract of the
diffeomorphism group of S^2 and the mapping class group of a Riemman surface of
positive genus is a deformation retract of the diffeomorphism group .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95735 </DOCNO>
Critical sets of nonlinear Sturm-Liouville operators of Ambrosetti-Prodi


  The critical set C of the operator F:H^2_D([0,pi]) -> L^2([0,pi]) defined by
F(u)=-u''+f(u) is studied. Here X:=H^2_D([0,pi]) stands for the set of
functions that satisfy the Dirichlet boundary conditions and whose derivatives
are in L^2([0,pi]). For generic nonlinearities f, C=\cup C_k decomposes into
manifolds of codimension 1 in X. If f''<0 or f''>0, the set C_j is shown to be
non-empty if, and only if, -j^2 (the j-th eigenvalue of u -> u'') is in the
range of f'. The critical components C_k are (topological) hyperplanes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98858 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Projectivity of Moduli Spaces of Polarized Varieties


  Please refer to (identical) version math.AG/0111144.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179469 </DOCNO>
$\omega$-Meson Photoproduction on Nucleons In the Near Threshold Region


  The $\omega$-meson photoproduction, $\gamma+p\to p+\omega$, is studied in the
framework of a model, containing $\pi$-meson exchange in t-channel and
nucleon-exchange in s- and u-channels. Considering both $\omega NN$-coupling
constants in the region of time-like meson four momenta as the free parameters,
we find different sets of solutions for these constants from the existing data
on the t-dependence of the differential cross sections, $d\sigma(\gamma+p\to
p+\omega)/dt$, in the near threshold region $E_{\gamma}\leq 2$ GeV. These sets
of $\omega NN$-coupling constants, corresponding to destructive and
constructive $\pi\bigotimes N$-interference contributions to $d\sigma/dt$ can
be well distinguished by measurements of beam asymmetry, induced by linear
photon polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114381 </DOCNO>
An Overview of the LIGO Control and Data Acquisition System


  The LIGO Control and Data system (CDS) features a tightly coupled and highly
integrated control and data acquisition system. Control of the interferometers
requires many Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) control loops closed both
locally and across the 4-kilometer interferometer arm lengths. In addition to
providing the closed loop control, the control systems front end processors act
as Data Collection Units (DCU) for the data acquisition system. Data collected
by these front ends and the data acquisition system must be collected and time
stamped to an accuracy of 1 microsecond and made available to on-line analysis
tools such as the Global Diagnostics System (GDS)[1]. Data is also sent to the
LIGO Data Analysis System (LDAS)[2] for long-term storage and off-line
analysis. Data rates exceed 5 Mbytes per second per interferometer continuous.
Connection between the various front end processors and the data acquisition
system is achieved using fiber optic reflective memory networks. Both controls
and data acquisition systems use VME hardware and VxWorks operating systems.
This paper will present an overview of the LIGO CDS and discuss key aspects of
its design.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150113 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry of Massive D=9 Supergravity


  By applying generalized dimensional reduction on the type IIB supersymmetry
variations, we derive the supersymmetry variations for the massive
9-dimensional supergravity. We use these variations and the ones for massive
type IIA to derive the supersymmetry transformation of the gravitino for the
proposed massive 11-dimensional supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2533 </DOCNO>
Where the Tsallis Statistic is valid?


  In the present paper are analysed the conditions for the validity of the
Tsallis Statistics. The same have been done following the analogy with the
traditional case: starting from the microcanonical description of the systems
and analysing the scaling properties of the fundamental macroscopic observables
in the Thermodynamic Limit. It is shown that the Generalized Legendre Formalism
in the Tsallis Statistic only could be applied for one special class of the
bordering systems, those with non exponential growth of the accessible states
density in the thermodynamic limit and zero-order divergency behavior for the
fundamental macroscopic observables, systems located in the chaos threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169092 </DOCNO>
Reply to `Singularities of the mixed state phase'


  The only difference between Bhandari's viewpoint [quant-ph/0108058] and ours
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2845 (2000)] is that our phase is defined modulo $2\pi$,
whereas Bhandari argues that two phases that differ by $2\pi n$, $n$ integer,
may be distinguished experimentally in a history-dependent manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3975 </DOCNO>
Large deviations in rarefied quantum gases


  The probability of observing a large deviation (LD) in the number of
particles in a region $\Lambda$ in a dilute quantum gas contained in a much
larger region $V$ is shown to decay as $\exp[-|\Lambda|\Delta F]$, where $|\L|$
is the volume of $\Lambda$ and $\Delta F$ is the change in the appropriate free
energy density, the same as in classical systems. However, in contrast with the
classical case, where this formula holds at all temperatures and chemical
potentials our proof is restricted to rarefied gases, both for the typical and
observed density, at least for Bose or Fermi systems. The case of Boltzmann
statistics with a bounded repulsive potential can be treated at all
temperatures and densities. Fermions on a lattice in any dimension, or in the
continuum in one dimension, can be treated at all densities and temperatures if
the interaction is small enough (depending on density and temperature),
provided one assumes periodic boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129044 </DOCNO>
Structure of rapidly rotating strange stars: salient differences from


  Structure parameters of rapidly rotating strange stars are compared with
those for neutron stars. The salient differences are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113375 </DOCNO>
Solving the inverse problem for artificial irregularity diagnostics from


  The paper presents formulation and solution for the problem of determination
of spatial spectrum of artificial ionospheric irregularities from vertical HF
radio sounding data on anomalous attenuation. The suggested method uses the
dependence of extraordinary wave attenuation caused by multiple scattering from
the irregularities on frequency to obtain the spectrum parameters. The method
is applied to the data obtained in experiments with Sura heating facility
carried out on September 6-9, 1999.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83987 </DOCNO>
The Use of Classifiers in Sequential Inference


  We study the problem of combining the outcomes of several different
classifiers in a way that provides a coherent inference that satisfies some
constraints. In particular, we develop two general approaches for an important
subproblem-identifying phrase structure. The first is a Markovian approach that
extends standard HMMs to allow the use of a rich observation structure and of
general classifiers to model state-observation dependencies. The second is an
extension of constraint satisfaction formalisms. We develop efficient
combination algorithms under both models and study them experimentally in the
context of shallow parsing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86677 </DOCNO>
Gravity and the Quantum Vacuum Inertia Hypothesis. I. Formalized


  It has been shown [1,2] that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum makes a
contribution to the inertial mass, $m_i$, in the sense that at least part of
the inertial force of opposition to acceleration, or inertia reaction force,
springs from the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. As experienced in a Rindler
constant acceleration frame the electromagnetic quantum vacuum mainfests an
energy-momentum flux which we call the Rindler flux (RF). The RF, and its
relative, Unruh-Davies radiation, both stem from event-horizon effects in
accelerating reference frames. The force of radiation pressure produced by the
RF proves to be proportional to the acceleration of the reference frame, which
leads to the hypothesis that at least part of the inertia of an object should
be due to the interaction of its quarks and electrons with the RF. We
demonstrate that this quantum vacuum inertia hypothesis is consistent with
general relativity (GR) and that it answers a fundamental question left open
within GR, viz. is there a physical mechanism that generates the reaction force
known as weight when a specific non-geodesic motion is imposed on an object?
The quantum vacuum inertia hypothesis provides such a mechanism, since by
assuming the Einstein principle of local Lorentz-invariance (LLI), we can
immediately show that the same RF arises due to curved spacetime geometry as
for acceleration in flat spactime. Thus the previously derived expression for
the inertial mass contribution from the electromagnetic quantum vacuum field is
exactly equal to the corresponding contribution to the gravitational mass,
$m_g$. Therefore, within the electromagnetic quantum vacuum viewpoint proposed
in [1,2], the Newtonian weak equivalence principle, $m_i=m_g$, ensues in a
straightforward manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113837 </DOCNO>
QED theory of the nuclear recoil effect on the atomic g factor


  The quantum electrodynamic theory of the nuclear recoil effect on the atomic
g factor to all orders in \alpha Z and to first order in m/M is formulated. The
complete \alpha Z-dependence formula for the recoil correction to the
bound-electron g factor in a hydrogenlike atom is derived. This formula is used
to calculate the recoil correction to the bound-electron g factor in the order
(\alpha Z)^2 m/M for an arbitrary state of a hydrogenlike atom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4127 </DOCNO>
Microcanonical Aproach for the OLA Model


  In the present paper it is analyzed a very simple example of pseudoextensive
system, the tridimensional system of Linear Coupled Oscillators (OLA Model).
The same one constitutes a classical tridimensional system of identical
interacting particles by means of harmonic oscillators. This academic problem
possesses a complete analytical solution allowing this way that it can find
application in modeling some properties of the self-gravitating systems. It is
shown that although this is a nonextensive system in the usual sense, it can be
dealt in the thermodynamic limit with the usual Boltzmann-Gibbs' Statistics
with an appropriate selection of the representation of the space of the
integrals of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86731 </DOCNO>
Dirac Operators and the Calculation of the Connes Metric on arbitrary


  As an outgrowth of our investigation of non-regular spaces within the context
of quantum gravity and non-commutative geometry, we develop a graph Hilbert
space framework on arbitrary (infinite) graphs and use it to study spectral
properties of graph-Laplacians and graph-Dirac-operators. We define
a spectral triplet sharing most of the properties of what Connes calls a
spectral triple. With the help of this scheme we derive an explicit
expression for the Connes-distance function on general directed or
undirected graphs. We derive a series of apriori estimates and calculate it for
a variety of examples of graphs. As a possibly interesting aside, we show that
the natural setting of approaching such problems may be the framework of
(non-)linear programming or optimization. We compare our results
(arrived at within our particular framework) with the results of other authors
and show that the seeming differences depend on the use of different
graph-geometries and/or Dirac operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96945 </DOCNO>
On the simplest split-merge operator on the infinite-dimensional simplex


  We consider the simplest split-merge Markov operator $T$ on the
infinite-dimensional simplex $\Sigma_1$ of monotone non-negative sequences with
unit sum. For a sequence $x\in\Sigma_1$, it picks a size-biased sample (with
replacement) of two elements of $x$; if these elements are distinct, it merges
them and reorders the sequence, and if the same element is picked twice, it
splits this element uniformly into two parts and reorders the sequence. We
prove that the means along the $T$-trajectory of the $\de$-measure at the
vector $(1,0,0,{...})$ converge to the Poisson--Dirichlet distribution PD(1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6626 </DOCNO>
Low temperature properties of one-dimensional SU(4) Hubbard-like model


  On the basis of Bethe ansatz solution of one dimensional SU(4) Hubbard-like
model, we study its thermodynamics properties by means of Yang-Yang
thermodynamics Bethe ansatz. The Land\'e $g$ factor is taken into account so as
to describe electrons with orbital degeneracy. The free energy at low
temperature is given and the specific heat both in strong coupling and weak
coupling limits are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6073 </DOCNO>
Crystal Structure and Magnetism of the Linear-Chain Copper Oxides


  The title quasi-1D copper oxides (0=< x =<0.4) were investigated by neutron
diffraction and magnetic susceptibility studies. Polyhedral CuO4 units in the
compounds were found to comprise linear-chains at inter-chain distance of
approximately 10 A. The parent chain compound (x = 0), however, shows less
anisotropic magnetic behavior above 2 K, although it is of substantially
antiferromagnetic (mu_{eff}= 1.85 mu_{B} and Theta_{W} = -46.4 K) spin-chain
system. A magnetic cusp gradually appears at about 100 K in T vs chi with the
Bi substitution. The cusp (x = 0.4) is fairly characterized by and therefore
suggests the spin gap nature at Delta/k_{B} ~ 80 K. The chain compounds hold
electrically insulating in the composition range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123448 </DOCNO>
Studying the Galactic Bulge Through Spectroscopy of Microlensed Sources:


  The spectroscopy of microlensed sources towards the Galactic bulge provides a
unique opportunity to study (i) the kinematics of the Galactic bulge,
particularly its far-side, (ii) the effects of extinction on the microlensed
sources, and (iii) the contributions of the bulge and the disk lenses to the
microlensing optical depth. We present the results from such a spectroscopic
study of 17 microlensed sources carried out using the ESO Faint Object
Spectrograph (EFOSC) at the 3.6 m European Southern Observatory (ESO)
telescope. The spectra of the unlensed sources and Kurucz model spectra were
used as templates to derive the radial velocities and the extinctions of the
microlensed sources. It is shown that there is an extinction shift between the
microlensed population and the non-microlensed population but there is no
apparent correlation between the extinction and the radial velocity. This
extinction offset, in our best model, would imply that 70% of the events are
caused by self-lensing within the bulge. The sample needs to be increased to
about 100 sources to get a clear picture of the kinematics of the bulge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83624 </DOCNO>
Tracing a Faint Fingerprint of the Invisible Hand?


  Any economic agent constituting the monetary economy maintains the activity
of monetary flow equilibration for fulfilling the condition of monetary flow
continuity in the record, except at the central bank. At the same time,
monetary flow equilibration at one economic agent constantly induces at other
agents in the economy further flow disequilibrium to be eliminated
subsequently. We propose the rate of monetary flow disequilibration as a figure
measuring the progressive movement of the economy. The rate of disequilibration
was read out of both the Japanese and the United States monetary economy
recorded over the last fifty years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7413 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Behavior of the Fokker-Planck Type Equation and Overall Phase


  This papers deals with overall phase transformation kinetics. The
Fokker-Planck type equation is derived from the generalized nucleation theory
proposed by Binder and Stauffer. Existence of the steady state solution is
shown by a method based on the mean value theorem of differential calculus.
  From the analysis of asymptotic behavior of the Fokker-Planck type equation
it is known that the number of clusters having the critical size increases with
time in the case of constant driving force. On the basis of the present study
on overall phase transformation kinetics a simple method for analyzing
experimental phase transformation curves was proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41665 </DOCNO>
Asymmetry of Strange Sea in Nucleons


  Based on the finite-temperature field theory, we evaluate the medium effects
in nucleon which can induce an asymmetry between quarks and antiquarks of the
strange sea. The short-distance effects determined by the weak interaction can
give rise to $\delta m\equiv \Delta m_s-\Delta m_{\bar s}$ where $\Delta
m_{s(\bar s)}$ is the medium-induced mass of strange quark by a few KeV at
most, but the long-distance effects by strong interaction are sizable. Our
numerical results show that there exists an obvious mass difference between
strange and anti-strange quarks, as large as 10-100 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85889 </DOCNO>
Noncanonical quantization of gravity. II. Constraints and the physical


  The program of quantizing the gravitational field with the help of affine
field variables is continued. For completeness, a review of the selection
criteria that singles out the affine fields, the alternative treatment of
constraints, and the choice of the initial (before imposition of the
constraints) ultralocal representation of the field operators is initially
presented. As analogous examples demonstrate, the introduction and enforcement
of the gravitational constraints will cause sufficient changes in the operator
representations so that all vestiges of the initial ultralocal field operator
representation disappear. To achieve this introduction and enforcement of the
constraints, a well characterized phase space functional integral
representation for the reproducing kernel of a suitably regularized physical
Hilbert space is developed and extensively analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85990 </DOCNO>
Coalescence of Two Spinning Black Holes: An Effective One-Body Approach


  We generalize to the case of spinning black holes a recently introduced
``effective one-body'' approach to the general relativistic dynamics of binary
systems. The combination of the effective one-body approach, and of a Pad\'e
definition of some crucial effective radial functions, is shown to define a
dynamics with much improved post-Newtonian convergence properties, even for
black hole separations of the order of $6 GM / c^2$. We discuss the approximate
existence of a two-parameter family of ``spherical orbits'' (with constant
radius), and, of a corresponding one-parameter family of ``last stable
spherical orbits'' (LSSO). These orbits are of special interest for forthcoming
LIGO/VIRGO/GEO gravitational wave observations. It is argued that for most (but
not all) of the parameter space of two spinning holes the effective one-body
approach gives a reliable analytical tool for describing the dynamics of the
last orbits before coalescence. This tool predicts, in a quantitative way, how
certain spin orientations increase the binding energy of the LSSO. This leads
to a detection bias, in LIGO/VIRGO/GEO observations, favouring spinning black
hole systems, and makes it urgent to complete the conservative effective
one-body dynamics given here by adding (resummed) radiation reaction effects,
and by constructing gravitational waveform templates that include spin effects.
Finally, our approach predicts that the spin of the final hole formed by the
coalescence of two arbitrarily spinning holes never approaches extremality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129552 </DOCNO>
Radiative Transfer in Spheres I. Analytical Solutions


  A nonsingular analytical solution for the transfer equation in a pure
absorber is obtained in central symmetry and in a monochromatic radiation
field. The native regular singularity of the equation is removed by applying a
linear transformation to the frame of reference. Two different approaches are
used to carry out the solution. In the first approach the angular derivative is
interpreted in an original way that made it possible to discard this derivative
from the equation for all black body media without upsetting the conservation
of energy. In this approach the analytic solution is expressible in terms of
exponential integrals without approximations but for practical considerations
the solution is presented in the form of Gauss-Legendre quadrature for
quantitative evaluation of the solutions. In the second approach the angular
derivative is approximated by a new set of discrete ordinates that guarantees
the closure of the set of equations and the conservation of energy. The
solutions from the two approaches are numerically identical in homogeneous and
non-homogeneous cold media as well as in local thermodynamic equilibrium and
for all optical depths that can be managed with 16 significant digits
arithmetics without numerical instabilities. The solution in either approach is
made possible by splitting the original transfer equation into two equations,
one for the centripetal energy flow and another one for the centrifugal energy
flow. The end-points form of the solution proved to be very effective in
numerical computations without spatial truncation errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126939 </DOCNO>
Galaxy number counts in the Hubble Deep Field as a strong constraint on


  Number counts of galaxies are re-analyzed using a semi-analytic model (SAM)
of galaxy formation based on the hierarchical clustering scenario. We have
determined the astrophysical parameters in the SAM that reproduce observations
of nearby galaxies, and used them to predict the number counts and redshifts of
faint galaxies for three cosmological models for (1) the standard cold dark
matter (CDM) universe, (2) a low-density flat universe with nonzero
cosmological constant, and (3) a low-density open universe with zero
cosmological constant. The novelty of our SAM analysis is the inclusion of
selection effects arising from the cosmological dimming of surface brightness
of high-redshift galaxies, and also from the absorption of visible light by
internal dust and intergalactic \ion{H}{1} clouds. Contrary to previous SAM
analyses which do not take into account such selection effects, we find, from
comparison with observed counts and redshifts of faint galaxies in the Hubble
Deep Field (HDF), that the standard CDM universe is {\it not} preferred, and a
low-density universe either with or without cosmological constant is favorable,
as suggested by other recent studies. Moreover, we find that a simple
prescription for the time scale of star formation (SF), being proportional to
the dynamical time scale of the formation of the galactic disk, is unable to
reproduce the observed number- redshift relation for HDF galaxies, and that the
SF time scale should be nearly independent of redshift, as suggested by other
SAM analyses for the formation of quasars and the evolution of damped
Ly-$\alpha$ systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148184 </DOCNO>
Wilson Loops in ${\cal N}=4$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory from


  Based on the AdS/CFT correspondence, string theory has given exact
predictions for circular Wilson loops in U(N) ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory to all orders in a 1/N expansion. These Wilson loops can also
be derived from Random Matrix Theory. In this paper we show that the result is
generically insensitive to details of the Random Matrix Theory potential. We
also compute all higher $k$-point correlation functions, which are needed for
the evaluation of Wilson loops in arbitrary irreducible representations of
U(N).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5091 </DOCNO>
A model of inversion of DNA charge by a positive polymer:


  Charge inversion of a DNA double helix by an oppositely charged flexible
polyelectrolyte (PE) is considered. We assume that, in the neutral state of the
DNA-PE complex, each of the DNA charges is locally compensated by a PE charge.
When an additional PE molecule is adsorbed by DNA, its charge gets fractionized
into monomer charges of defects (tails and arches) on the background of the
perfectly neutralized DNA. These charges spread all over the DNA eliminating
the self-energy of PE. This fractionization mechanism leads to a substantial
inversion of the DNA charge, a phenomenon which is widely used for gene
delivery.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81429 </DOCNO>
Fast evaluation and locality of overlap fermions


  In order to construct improved overlap fermions, we start from a short ranged
approximate Ginsparg-Wilson fermion and insert it into the overlap formula. We
show that its polynomial evaluation is accelerated considerably compared to the
standard Neuberger fermion. In addition the degree of locality is strongly
improved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3646 </DOCNO>
Coupling integrable field theories to mechanical systems at the boundary


  We present an integrable Hamiltonian which describes the sinh-Gordon model on
the half line coupled to a non-linear oscillator at the boundary. We explain
how we apply Sklyanin's formalism to a dynamical reflection matrix to obtain
this model. This method can be applied to couple other integrable field
theories to dynamical systems at the boundary. We also show how to find the
dynamical solution of the quantum reflection equation corresponding to our
particular example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86440 </DOCNO>
The Schroedinger-Newton model as N->Infinity limit of a N color model


  The generalization to N colors of a recently proposed non unitary two color
model for the gravitational interaction in non relativistic quantum mechanics
is considered. The N->Infinity limit is proven to be equivalent to the
Schroedinger-Newton model, which, though sharing localization properties with
the N=2 model, cannot produce decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 843 </DOCNO>
Heat Capacity of MgB_2: Evidence for Moderately Strong Coupling Behavior


  We characterize the superconducting state of phase pure polycrystalline
samples of the new layered superconductor MgB$_2$ by specific heat measurements
in magnetic fields up to 9 T. The characteristic jump at the superconducting
transition is observed and compared with the predictions of weak coupling
BCS-theory and the $\alpha$-model. Our analysis shows excellent agreement with
the predictions for 2$\Delta/k_BT_{\rm C}$ = 4.2(2) with a Sommerfeld term
$\gamma_{\rm exp}$ of 3.1(1) mJ/mol K$^2$ indicating that MgB$_2$ is a
superconductor in the moderately strong electron-phonon coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7589 </DOCNO>
Fragmentation of positively charged metal clusters in stabilized jellium


  Using the stabilized jellium model with self-compression, we have calculated
the dissociation energies and the barrier heights for the binary fragmentation
of charged silver clusters. At each step of calculations, we have used the
relaxed-state sizes and energies of the clusters. The results for the doubly
charged Ag clusters predict a critical size, at which evaporation dominates the
fission, in good agreement with the experiment. Comparing the dissociation
energies and the fission barrier heights with the experimental ones, we
conclude that in the experiments the fragmentation occurs before the full
structural relaxation expected after the ionization of the cluster. In the
decays of Ag$_N^{4+}$ clusters, the results predict that the charge-symmetric
fission processes are dominant for smaller clusters, and the charge-asymmetric
fission processes become dominant for sufficiently larger clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4123 </DOCNO>
The onset of magnetic order in fcc-Fe films on Cu(100)


  On the basis of a first-principles electronic structure theory of finite
temperature metallic magnetism in layered materials, we investigate the onset
of magnetic order in thin (2-8 layers) fcc-Fe films on Cu(100) substrates. The
nature of this ordering is altered when the systems are capped with copper.
Indeed we find an oscillatory dependence of the Curie temperatures as a
function of Cu-cap thickness, in excellent agreement with experimental data.
The thermally induced spin-fluctuations are treated within a mean-field
disordered local moment (DLM) picture and give rise to layer-dependent `local
exchange splittings' in the electronic structure even in the paramagnetic
phase. These features determine the magnetic intra- and interlayer interactions
which are strongly influenced by the presence and extent of the Cu cap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96182 </DOCNO>
On the lattice of cotorsion theories


  We discuss the lattice of cotorsion theories for abelian groups. First we
show that the sublattice of the well-studied rational cotorsion theories can be
identified with the well-known lattice of types. Using a recently developed
method for making Ext vanish we also prove that any power set together with the
ordinary set inclusion (and thus any poset) can be embedded into the lattice of
all cotorsion theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149585 </DOCNO>
Holography and two phases of the QCD vacuum


  The holographic principle is often (and hastily) attributed to quantum
gravity and domains of the Planck size. Meanwhile it can be usefully applied to
problems where gravitation effects are negligible and domains of less exotic
size. The essence of this principle is that any physical system can be taken to
be either classical, placed in a D+1-dimensional spacetime, or
quantum-mechanical, located in its D-dimensional boundary. For example, one
believes that a hydrogen atom is a typical quantum system living in a
four-dimensional spacetime, but it can also be conceived as a classical system
living in a five-dimensional embracing spacetime. The subnuclear realm is more
intricate since the gluon vacuum reveals two phases, the hadronic and plasma
phases. They differ in energetics and symmetry. Moreover, the classical
four-dimensional picture is pertinent to the behavior of constituent quarks
while the plasma phase is expected to be grasped by standard four-dimensional
QCD. The relation between the holographic standpoint and the symmetry treatment
of these two phases is outlined. Exact retarded solutions to the classical
SU(N) four-dimensional Yang-Mills equations with the source composed of several
point-like colored particles is considered. Features of these solutions in the
large-N limit provide insight into the gauge symmetries of two gluon vacua.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75780 </DOCNO>
LHC(CMS) SUSY discovery potential for the case of nonuniversal gaugino


  We investigate squark and gluino pair production at LHC(CMS) for the case of
nonuniversal gaugino masses. Visibility of signal by an excess over SM
background in $(n \geq 2)jets + E^{miss}_T + (m \geq leptons)$ events depends
rather strongly on the relation between LSP, gluino and squark masses and it
decreases with the increase of LSP mass. For relatively heavy LSP mass close to
squark or gluino masses it is possible to detect SUSY for $(m_{\tilde{q}},
m_{\tilde{g}}) \leq (1 - 1.5)$ TeV.}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72864 </DOCNO>
Improved Calculation of F2 in Electroproduction and xF3 in Neutrino


  We improve the existing calculations of deep inelastic scattering to next to
next to leading order in the following manner. First, we use the recently
calculated values of the anomalous dimensions for moments with index n=10,12 in
ep scattering. Second, we use also recently calculated anomalous dimensions for
n=1,3,...,13 for xF3 in neutrino N scattering, to extend the calculation to
this process. Lastly, we use the determinantal constraints on the moments that
follow from positivity of the structure functions to stabilize the fits. We
find substantial improvement over previous results, getting the following
numbers: Lambda(n_f=4, 3 loops)= 274 \pm 20 MeV, alpha_s^{3
loops}(M_Z^2)=0.1166 \pm 0.0013 and chi^2/dof= 92/(153-18) from ep and, from
\nu N, Lambda(n_f=4, 3 loops)=255 \pm 72 MeV, alpha_s^{3 loops}(M_Z^2)=0.1153
\pm 0.0063 and chi^2/dof=0.335/(64-7). The errors take into account
experimental errors and higher twist effects among other estimated theoretical
errors. We can also extrapolate the fit, made originally for the range 3.5 <
Q^2 < 230 GeV^2 to higher momenta, obtaining very good reproduction of
experimental data up to Q^2=5000 GeV^2. From this, in particular, we can
exclude supersymmetric partners (squarks or gluinos) for masses up to some 60
GeV. The fitted value of the coupling is now, including the data at high Q^2,
alpha_s^{3 loops}(M_Z^2)=0.1163 \pm 0.0014.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86071 </DOCNO>
Area spectrum in Lorentz covariant loop gravity


  We use the manifestly Lorentz covariant canonical formalism to evaluate
eigenvalues of the area operator acting on Wilson lines. To this end we modify
the standard definition of the loop states to make it applicable to the present
case of non-commutative connections. The area operator is diagonalized by using
the usual shift ambiguity in definition of the connection. The eigenvalues are
then expressed through quadratic Casimir operators. No dependence on the
Immirzi parameter appears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129646 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric Analysis of the M/L- and M/T-Dwarf Binary Systems LHS 102


  We present 0.9-2.5um spectroscopy with R~800 and 1.12-1.22um spectroscopy
with R~5800 for the M dwarfs Gl 229A and LHS 102A, and for the L dwarf LHS
102B. We also report IZJHKL' photometry for both components of the LHS 102
system, and L' photometry for Gl 229A. The data are combined with previously
published spectroscopy and photometry to produce flux distributions for each
component of the kinematically old disk M/L-dwarf binary system LHS 102 and the
kinematically young disk M/T-dwarf binary system Gliese 229. The data are
analyzed using synthetic spectra generated by the latest "AMES-dusty" and
"AMES-cond" models by Allard & Hauschildt. Although the models are not able to
reproduce the overall slope of the infrared flux distribution of the L dwarf,
most likely due to the treatment of dust in the photosphere, the data for the M
dwarfs and the T dwarf are well matched. We find that the Gl 229 system is
metal-poor despite having kinematics of the young disk, and that the LHS 102
system has solar metallicity. The observed luminosities and derived
temperatures and gravities are consistent with evolutionary model predictions
if the Gl 229 system is very young (age ~30 Myr) with masses (A,B) of
(0.38,>0.007)M(sun), and the LHS 102 system is older, aged 1-10 Gyr with masses
(A,B) of (0.19,0.07)M(sun).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96196 </DOCNO>
Free Entropy


  Free entropy is the analogue of entropy in free probability theory. The paper
is a survey of free entropy, its applications to von Neumann algebras,
connections to random matrix theory and a discussion of open problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96306 </DOCNO>
Compactification of the Bruhat-Tits building of PGL by lattices of


  We construct a compactification of the Bruhat-Tits building associated to the
group PGL(V) by attaching all the Bruhat-Tits buildings of PGL(W) for
non-trivial subspaces W of V as a boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6925 </DOCNO>
Mode-Coupling Theory of Colloids with Short-range Attractions


  Within the framework of the mode-coupling theory of super-cooled liquids, we
investigate new phenomena in colloidal systems on approach to their glass
transitions. When the inter-particle potential contains an attractive part,
besides the usual repulsive hard core, two intersecting liquid-glass transition
lines appear, one of which extends to low densities, while the other one, at
high densities, shows a re-entrant behaviour. In the glassy region a new type
of transition appears between two different types of glasses. The complex
phenomenology can be described in terms of higher order glass transition
singularities. The various glass phases are characterised by means of their
viscoelastic properties. The glass driven by attractions has been associated to
particle gels, and the other glass is the well known repulsive colloidal glass.
These correspondences, in associations with the new predictions of glassy
behaviour mean that such phenomena may be expected in colloidal systems with,
for example, strong depletion or other short-ranged attractive potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75860 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Correlations in Z Fragmentation and Other Reactions


  Recent experimental studies of Bose-Einstein Correlations in Z fragmentation
are reviewed in view of the need to understand their apparent suppression for
pions originating from different W's. Particular features discussed are source
elongation, position-momentum correlation, non-Gaussian shape of the
correlator, transverse-mass dependence, density dependence and dilution,
space-time shape of the emission function, neutral-pion and genuine
higher-order correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128757 </DOCNO>
The performance of spherical wavelets to detect non-Gaussianity in the


  We investigate the performance of spherical wavelets in discriminating
between standard inflationary models (Gaussian) and non-Gaussian models. For
the later we consider small perturbations of the Gaussian model in which an
artificially specified skewness or kurtosis is introduced through the Edgeworth
expansion. By combining all the information present in all the wavelet scales
with the Fisher discriminant, we find that the spherical Mexican Hat wavelets
are clearly superior to the spherical Haar wavelets. The former can detect
levels of the skewness and kurtosis of ~1% for 33' resolution, an order of
magnitude smaller than the later. Also, as expected, both wavelets are better
for discriminating between the models than the direct consideration of moments
of the temperature maps. The introduction of instrumental white noise in the
maps, S/N=1, does not change the main results of this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123474 </DOCNO>
The Variable Diffuse Continuum Emission of Broad Line Clouds


  We investigate the wavelength-dependent intensity and reverberation
properties of the UV-optical diffuse continuum emission expected from broad
emission line gas. The locally optimally emitting clouds picture is adopted,
with the cloud distribution functions in gas density and distance from the
ionizing source determined by a fit to the mean UV emission line spectrum from
the 1993 HST campaign of NGC5548 in our previous paper. The model Balmer
continuum's strength and variability characteristics are in agreement with
those derived from the observations of NGC5548. A key prediction is a
wavelength dependent lag across the UV-optical spectrum which can broadly mimic
the signature from X-ray reprocessing in an accretion disk, calling into
question the discovery claims of the latter in NGC7469. The influence of the
diffuse continuum on the optical continuum may result in a small yet
significant underestimation of the characteristic sizes of the regions emitting
the optical emission lines. Its contribution can also alter the inferred
spectral energy distribution of the UV-optical continuum, even well outside the
spectral region near the well-known Balmer jump. The reverberation of the
diffuse continuum emitted by the BLR may account for perhaps one-third of the
observed effect that the 1350-5100 Angstrom continuum becomes bluer as it
becomes brighter (even after accounting for non-variable optical starlight).
And as in other models of the broad emission line gas, a significant yet
unobserved Lyman jump is predicted. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150217 </DOCNO>
A new wrinkle on the enhancon


  We generalize the basic enhancon solution of Johnson, Peet and Polchinski by
constructing solutions without spherical symmetry. A careful consideration of
boundary conditions at the enhancon surface indicates that the interior of the
supergravity solution is still flat space in the general case. We provide some
explicit analytic solutions where the enhancon locus is a prolate or oblate
sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174798 </DOCNO>
Ultra-Peripheral Collisons in CMS


  Coherent peripheral collisions of atomic nuclei involve electromagnetic or
long range hadronic interactions at impact parameters, where both nuclei
survive intact. Recently such ultra-peripheral collisions were observed at
RHIC. The effect of the electromagnetic field can be interpreted as a
photon-photon collision with an effective center of mass energy up to a few GeV
at RHIC. At the Large Hadron Collider the effective center of mass energy will
be increased by more than an order of magnitude. This opens new opportunities,
ranging from the study of non-perturbative QCD to the search for new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127965 </DOCNO>
STIS spectroscopy of newborn massive stars in SMC N81


  Using Hubble Space Telescope observations with STIS, we study the main
exciting stars of N81, a high excitation compact Hii region in the Small
Magellanic Cloud (SMC). These far UV observations are the first spectroscopic
measurements of stars in such a region and reveal features characteristic of an
O6-O8 stellar type. The astonishing weakness of their wind profiles and their
sub-luminosity (up to ~ 2 mag fainter in Mv than the corresponding dwarfs) make
these stars a unique stellar population in the Magellanic Clouds. Our analysis
suggests that they are probably in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram locus of a
particularly young class of massive stars, the so-called Vz luminosity class,
as they are arriving on the zero age main sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98172 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Transformation Group of CAR Fermion Algebra


  Based on our previous work on the recursive fermion system in the Cuntz
algebra, it is shown that a nonlinear transformation group of the CAR fermion
algebra is induced from a $U(2^p)$ action on the Cuntz algebra ${\cal O}_{2^p}$
with an arbitrary positive integer $p$. In general, these nonlinear
transformations are expressed in terms of finite polynomials in generators.
Some Bogoliubov transformations are involved as special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96477 </DOCNO>
Higher K-theory of toric varieties


  A natural higher K-theoretic analogue of the triviality of vector bundles on
affine toric varieties is the conjecture on nilpotence of the multiplicative
action of the natural numbers on the K-theory of these varieties. This includes
both Quillen's fundamental result on K-homotopy invariance of regular rings and
the stable version of the triviality of vector bundles on affine toric
varieties. Moreover, it yields a similar behavior of not necessarily affine
toric varieties and, further, of their equivariant closed subsets.
  The conjecture is equivalent to the claim that the relevant admissible
morphisms of the category of vector bundles on an affine toric variety can be
supported by monomials not in a non-degenerate corner subcone of the underlying
polyhedral cone. We prove that one can in fact eliminate all lattice points in
such a subcone, except maybe one point. The elimination of the last point is
also possible in 0 characteristic if the action of the big Witt vectors
satisfies a very natural condition. A partial result on this in the arithmetic
case provides first non-simplicial examples -- actually, an explicit infinite
series of combinatorially different affine toric varieties, verifying the
conjecture for all higher groups simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 721 </DOCNO>
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy in MgB2


  We present scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of the surface of
superconducting MgB2 with a critical temperature of 39K. In zero magnetic field
the conductance spectra can be analyzed in terms of the standard BCS theory
with a smearing parameter Gamma. The value of the superconducting gap is 5.2
meV at 4.2 K, with no experimentally significant variation across the surface
of the sample. The temperature dependence of the gap follows the BCS form,
fully consistent with phonon-mediated superconductivity in this novel
superconductor. The application of a magnetic field induces strong
pair-breaking as seen in the conductance spectra in fields up to 6 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128360 </DOCNO>
On the Role of Massive Stars in the Support and Destruction of Giant


  We argue that massive stars are the dominant sources of energy for the
turbulent motions within giant molecular clouds, and that the primary agent of
feedback is the expansion of H II regions within the cloud volume. This
conclusion is suggested by the low efficiency of star formation and
corroborated by dynamical models of H II regions. We evaluate the turbulent
energy input rate in clouds more massive than one third of a million solar
masses, for which gravity does not significantly affect the expansion of H II
regions. Such clouds achieve a balance between the decay of turbulent energy
and its regeneration in H II regions; summed over clouds, the implied ionizing
luminosity and star formation rate are roughly consistent with the Galactic
total. H II regions also photoevaporate their clouds: we derive cloud
destruction times somewhat shorter than those estimated by Williams and McKee.
The upper mass limit for molecular clouds in the Milky Way may derive from the
fact that larger clouds would destroy themselves in less than one crossing
time. The conditions within starburst galaxies do not permit giant molecular
clouds to be supported or destroyed by H II regions. This should lead to rapid
cloud collapse and the efficient formation of massive star clusters, explaining
some aspects of the starburst phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87265 </DOCNO>
Gravitation and Nonlocality


  The physical basis of the standard theory of general relativity is examined
and a nonlocal theory of accelerated observers is described that involves a
natural generalization of the hypothesis of locality. The nonlocal theory is
confronted with experiment via an indirect approach. The implications of the
results for gravitation are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1675 </DOCNO>
Generalized Drude model: Unification of ballistic and diffusive electron


  For electron transport in parallel-plane semiconducting structures, a model
is developed that unifies ballistic and diffusive transport and thus
generalizes the Drude model. The unified model is valid for arbitrary magnitude
of the mean free path and arbitrary shape of the conduction band edge profile.
Universal formulas are obtained for the current-voltage characteristic in the
nondegenerate case and for the zero-bias conductance in the degenerate case,
which describe in a transparent manner the interplay of ballistic and diffusive
transport. The semiclassical approach is adopted, but quantum corrections
allowing for tunneling are included. Examples are considered, in particular the
case of chains of grains in polycrystalline or microcrystalline semiconductors
with grain size comparable to, or smaller than, the mean free path. Substantial
deviations of the results of the unified model from those of the ballistic
thermionic-emission model and of the drift-diffusion model are found. The
formulation of the model is one-dimensional, but it is argued that its results
should not differ substantially from those of a fully three-dimensional
treatment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 164 </DOCNO>
The N\'eel order for a frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model:


  Within Dyson-Maleev (DM) transformation and self-consistent mean-field
treatment, the N\'eel order/disorder transition is studied for an
antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model which is defined on a square lattice with a
nearest neighbour exchange $J_1$ and a next-nearest neighbour exchange $J_2$
along only one of the diagonals. It is found that the N\'eel order may exist up
to $J_2/J_1=0.572$, beyond its classically stable regime. This result
qualitatively improves that from linear spin-wave theory based on
Holstein-Primakoff transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150066 </DOCNO>
Spectral Function of Quarks in Quark Matter


  We investigate the spectral function of light quarks in infinite quark matter
using a simple, albeit self-consistent model. The interactions between the
quarks are described by the SU(2) Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. Currently mean
field effects are neglected and all calculations are performed in the chirally
restored phase at zero temperature. Relations between correlation functions and
collision rates are used to calculate the spectral function in an iterative
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6727 </DOCNO>
Chaos and rectification of electromagnetic wave in a lateral


  We find the conditions for a rectification of electromagnetic wave in a
lateral semiconductor superlattice with a high mobility of electrons. We show
that the physical mechanism responsible for the rectification is a
symmetry-breaking bifurcation caused by a dynamic localization of miniband
electrons in the superlattice. For a very high electron mobility, the
rectification is assisted by a transition to a dissipative chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84003 </DOCNO>
Data Acquisition and Database Management System for Samsung


  In order to fulfill the test requirement of KSTAR (Korea Superconducting
Tokamak Advanced Research) superconducting magnet system, a large scale
superconducting magnet and conductor test facility, SSTF (Samsung
Superconductor Test Facility), has been constructed at Samsung Advanced
Institute of Technology. The computer system for SSTF DAC (Data Acquisition and
Control) is based on UNIX system and VxWorks is used for the real-time OS of
the VME system. EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) is
used for the communication between IOC server and client. A database program
has been developed for the efficient management of measured data and a Linux
workstation with PENTIUM-4 CPU is used for the database server. In this paper,
the current status of SSTF DAC system, the database management system and
recent test results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128341 </DOCNO>
Detecting Clusters of Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I : Monte


  We present a comparison of three cluster finding algorithms from imaging data
using Monte Carlo simulations of clusters embedded in a 25 deg^2 region of
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) imaging data: the Matched Filter (MF; Postman
et al. 1996), the Adaptive Matched Filter (AMF; Kepner et al. 1999) and a
color-magnitude filtered Voronoi Tessellation Technique (VTT). Among the two
matched filters, we find that the MF is more efficient in detecting faint
clusters, whereas the AMF evaluates the redshifts and richnesses more
accurately, therefore suggesting a hybrid method (HMF) that combines the two.
The HMF outperforms the VTT when using a background that is uniform, but it is
more sensitive to the presence of a non-uniform galaxy background than is the
VTT; this is due to the assumption of a uniform background in the HMF model. We
thus find that for the detection thresholds we determine to be appropriate for
the SDSS data, the performance of both algorithms are similar; we present the
selection function for each method evaluated with these thresholds as a
function of redshift and richness. For simulated clusters generated with a
Schechter luminosity function (M_r^* = -21.5 and alpha = -1.1) both algorithms
are complete for Abell richness >= 1 clusters up to z ~ 0.4 for a sample
magnitude limited to r = 21. While the cluster parameter evaluation shows a
mild correlation with the local background density, the detection efficiency is
not significantly affected by the background fluctuations, unlike previous
shallower surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149836 </DOCNO>
On the M5 and the AdS7/CFT6 Correspondence


  The chiral primary operators of the D=6 superconformal (2,0) theory
corresponding to 14 scalars of N=4 D=7 supergravity are obtained by expanding
the world volume action for the M5-brane around an AdS_7 x S^4 background. In
the leading order, the operators take their values in the symmetric traceless
representation of the SO(5) R-symmetry group in consistency with the early
conjecture on their structure based on the superconformal symmetry and
Matrix-like model arguments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6859 </DOCNO>
ARPES in the normal state of the cuprates: comparing the marginal Fermi


  We address the issue whether ARPES measurements of the spectral function $A_k
(\omega)$ near the Fermi surface in the normal state of near optimally doped
cuprates can distinguish between the marginal Fermi liquid scenario and the
spin-fluctuation scenario. We argue that the data for momenta near the Fermi
surface are equally well described by both theories, but this agreement is
nearly meaningless as in both cases one has to add to $\Sigma^{\prime \prime}
(\omega)$ a large constant of yet unknown origin. We show that the data can be
well fitted by keeping only this constant term in the self-energy. To
distinguish between the two scenarios, one has to analyze the data away from
the Fermi surface, when the intrinsic piece in $\Sigma (\omega)$ becomes
dominant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168974 </DOCNO>
Classical and Quantum Propagation of Chaos


  This article examines the relationship between classical and quantum
propagation of chaos. (In this context, "chaos" refers to the Boltzmann's
Ansatz of molecular disorder, not to chaotic dynamics.) Classical propagation
of chaos is shown to occur when quantum systems that propagate quantum
molecular chaos are suitably prepared, allowed to evolve without interference,
and then observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2213 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal effects in the shot noise of diffusive superconductor -


  A cross-shaped diffusive system with two superconducting and two normal
electrodes is considered. A voltage $eV < \Delta$ is applied between the normal
leads. Even in the absence of average current through the superconducting
electrodes their presence increases the shot noise at the normal electrodes and
doubles it in the case of a strong coupling to the superconductors. The
nonequilibrium noise at the superconducting electrodes remains finite even in
the case of a vanishingly small transport current due to the absence of energy
transfer into the superconductors. This noise is suppressed by
electron-electron scattering at sufficiently high voltages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149137 </DOCNO>
Can the Hierarchy Problem be Solved by Finite-Temperature Massive


  Quantum effects of bulk matter, in the form of massive fermions, are
considered in the Randall-Sundrum $AdS_5$ brane world at finite temperatures.
The thermodynamic energy (modulus potential) is calculated in the limiting case
when the temperature is low, and is shown to possess a minimum, thus suggesting
a new dynamical mechanism for stabilizing the brane world. Moreover, these
quantum effects may solve the hierarchy scale problem, at quite low
temperatures. The present note reviews essentially the fermion-related part of
the recent article by I. Brevik, K. A. Milton, S. Nojiri, and S. D. Odintsov,
hep-th/0010205 .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148177 </DOCNO>
Strings at the Tachyonic Vacuum


  We study the world-volume effective action of Dp-brane at the tachyonic
vacuum which is equivalent to the zero tension limit. Using the Hamiltonian
formalism we discuss the algebra of constraints and show that there is a
non-trivial ideal of the algebra which corresponds to Virasoro like
constraints. The Lagrangian treatment of the model is also considered. For the
gauge fixed theory we construct the important subset of classical solutions
which is equivalent to the string theory solutions in conformal gauge. We
speculate on a possible quantization of the system. At the end a brief
discussion of different background fields and fluctuations around the tachyonic
vacuum is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4331 </DOCNO>
Observable-dependence of fluctuation-dissipation relations and effective


  We study the non-equilibrium version of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem
(FDT) within the glass phase of Bouchaud's trap model. We incorporate into the
model an arbitrary observable m and obtain its correlation and response
functions in closed form. A limiting non-equilibrium FDT plot (of correlator vs
response) is approached at long times for most choices of m, with
energy-temperature FDT a notable exception. In contrast to standard mean field
models, however, the shape of the plot depends nontrivially on the observable,
and its slope varies continuously even though there is a single scaling of
relaxation times with age. Non-equilibrium FDT plots can therefore not be used
to define a meaningful effective temperature T_eff in this model. Consequences
for the wider applicability of an FDT-derived T_eff are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123800 </DOCNO>
CO Detections of Edge-On Low Surface Brightness Galaxies


  We have obtained deep CO(1-0) observations of 8 nearby, edge-on, low surface
brightness (LSB) spiral galaxies using the NRAO 12-m telescope. We report
detections of 3 of our targets at >4 sigma level as well as one marginal (~3
sigma) detection. These are among the first direct detections of molecular gas
in late-type, LSB spirals. Using a Galactic CO-to-H2 conversion factor, we
derive MH2~1.4-3.5 x 10^{7}Msun and MH2/MHI~0.010-0.055 for the detected
sources, with 3-sigma upper limits of MH2<0.7-5.7 x 10^{7}Msun and
MH2/MHI<0.006-0.029 for the undetected objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3251 </DOCNO>
Glass transition in secondary structures formed by random RNA sequences


  Formation of RNA secondary structures is an example of the sequence-structure
problem omnipresent in biopolymers. A theoretical question of recent interest
is whether a random RNA sequence undergoes a finite temperature glass
transition. We answer this question affirmatively by first establishing the
perturbative stability of the high temperature phase via a two replica
calculation. Subsequently, we show that this phase cannot persist down to zero
temperature by considering energetic contributions due to rare regions of
complementary subsequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150027 </DOCNO>
Classical and semiclassical investigations of models for real scalar


  We investigate several models described by real scalar fields, searching for
topological defects, and investigating their linear stability. We also find
bosonic zero modes and examine the thermal corrections at the one-loop level.
The classical investigations may be of interest to high energy physics and
applications to nonlinear science. The semiclassical investigations show that
the finite temperature corrections that appear in a specific model do not
suffice to fully restore the symmetry at high temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7417 </DOCNO>
Quantum interference and supercurrent in multiple-barrier proximity


  We analyze an interplay between the proximity effect and quantum interference
of electrons in hybrid structures superconductor-normal metal-superconductor
which contain several insulating barriers. We demonstrate that the dc Josephson
current in these structures may change qualitatively due to quantum
interference of electrons scattered at different interfaces. In junctions with
few conducting channels mesoscopic fluctuations of the supercurrent are
significant and its amplitude can be strongly enhanced due to resonant effects.
In the many channel limit averaging over the scattering phase effectively
suppresses interference effects for systems with {\it two} insulating barriers.
In that case a standard quasiclassical approach describing scattering at
interfaces by means of Zaitsev boundary conditions allows to reproduce the
correct results. However, in systems with {\it three} or more barriers the
latter approach fails even in the many channel limit. In such systems
interference effects remain important in this limit as well. For short
junctions these effects result in additional suppression of the Josephson
critical current indicating the tendency of the system towards localization.
For relatively long junctions interference effects may -- on the contrary --
enhance the supercurrent with respect to the case of independent barriers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 44 </DOCNO>
Zero temperature transition from d-wave superconductor to underdoped


  By using mutual flux-attaching singular gauge transformations, we derive an
effective action describing the zero temperature quantum phase transition from
d-wave superconductor to underdoped regime. In this effective action, quantum
fluctuation generated vortices couple to quasi-particles by a mutual
statistical interaction with statistical angle \theta, the vortices are also
interacting with each other by long range interactions due to charge
fluctuation. Neglecting the charge fluctuation, we find a fixed line
characterized by \theta and calculate the universal spinon, vortex and mutual
Hall drag conductivities which continuously depend on \theta. Implications for
double layer quantum Hall systems are given. When incorporating the charge
fluctuation, we emphasize the importance of keeping the periodicity of the
mutual CS term at \theta= \pm 1/2 to get the correct critical behaviors and
point out possible future directions. The connection with Z_{2} gauge theory is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125739 </DOCNO>
The new X-ray transient SAX J1711.6-3808: decoupling between its 3-20


  We present a study of the correlated spectral and timing behavior of the new
X-ray transient SAX J1711.6-3808 during its 2001 outburst using data obtained
with the RXTE. We also investigate the correlations between those source
properties and the 3-20 keV X-ray luminosity. The behavior of the source during
the observations can be divided into two distinct state types. During the hard
state, the energy spectra are relatively hard and can be described by only a
power-law component, and the characteristic frequencies (i.e., the frequency of
the 1-7 Hz QPOs observed for the first time in this source) in the power
spectra are low. However, during the ``soft'' state, the spectra are
considerably softer (in addition to the power-law component, a soft component
is necessary to fit the spectra) and the frequencies are the highest observed.
Remarkably, this distinction into two separate states cannot be extrapolated to
also include the 3-20 keV X-ray luminosity. Except for one observation, this
luminosity steadily decreased but the hard state was observed both at the
highest and lowest observed luminosities. In contrast, the soft state occurred
only at intermediate luminosities. This clearly demonstrates that the state
behavior of SAX J1711.6-3808 is decoupled from its X-ray luminosity and that if
the X-ray luminosity traces the accretion rate in SAX J1711.6-3808, then the
state transitions are not good accretion rate indicators, or vice versa. The
data of SAX J1711.6-3808 does not allow us to conclusively determine its exact
nature. The source resembles both neutron star and black hole systems when they
have low luminosities. We discuss our results with respect to the correlated
timing and spectral behavior observed in other LMXBs and the implications of
our results on the modeling of the outburst light curves of X-ray transients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7439 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic GaMnAs/GaAs superlattices - MBE growth and magnetic


  We have studied the magnetic properties of (GaMnAs)m/(GaAs)n superlattices
with magnetic GaMnAs layers of thickness between 8 and 16 molecular layers (ML)
(23-45 \AA), and with nonmagnetic GaAs spacers from 4 ML to 10 ML (11-28 \AA).
While previous reports state that GaMnAs layers thinner than 50 \AA are
paramagnetic in the whole Mn composition range achievable using MBE growth (up
to 8% Mn), we have found that short period superlattices exhibit a
paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition with a transition temperature
which depends on both the thickness of the magnetic GaMnAs layer and the
nonmagnetic GaAs spacer. The neutron scattering experiments have shown that the
magnetic layers in superlattices are ferromagnetically coupled for both thin
(below 50 \AA) and thick (above 50 \AA) GaMnAs layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3736 </DOCNO>
Interlayer pair tunneling and gap anisotropy in


  Recent ARPES measurement observed a large $ab$-axis gap anisotropy,
$\Delta(0,\pi)/\Delta(\pi,0)=1.5$, in clean YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$. This
indicates that some sub-dominant component may exist in the $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave
dominant gap. We propose that the interlayer pairing tunneling contribution can
be determined through the investigation of the order parameter anisotropy.
Their potentially observable features in transport and spin dynamics are also
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3010 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of alpha- and beta- processes in thin polymer films: poly(vinyl


  Dynamics of thin films of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(methyl
methacrylate) (PMMA) have been investigated by dielectric relaxation
spectroscopy in the frequency range from 0.1Hz to 1MHz at temperatures from
263K to 423K. The $\alpha$-process, the key process of glass transition, is
observed for thin films of PVAc and PMMA as a dielectric loss peak at a
temperature $T_{\alpha}$ in temperature domain with a fixed frequency. For PMMA
the $\beta$-process is also observed at a temperature $T_{\beta}$. For PVAc,
$T_{\alpha}$ decreases gradually with decreasing thickness, and the thickness
dependence of $T_{\alpha}$ is almost independent of the molecular weight
($M_{\rm w}\le2.4\times10^5$). For PMMA, $T_{\alpha}$ remains almost constant
as thickness decreases down to a critical thickness $d_c$, at which point it
begins to decrease with decreasing thickness. Contrastingly, $T_{\beta}$
decreases gradually as thickness decreases to $d_c$, and below $d_c$ it
decreases drastically. For both PVAc and PMMA, the broadening of the
distribution of the relaxation times in thinner films is observed and this
broadening is more pronounced for the $\alpha$-process than for the
$\beta$-process. It is also observed that the relaxation strength is depressed
as the thickness decreases for both the polymers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6981 </DOCNO>
Discrete Breathers in Anisotropic Ferromagnetic Spin Chains


  We prove the existence of discrete breathers (time-periodic, spatially
localized solutions) in weakly coupled ferromagnetic spin chains with easy-axis
anisotropy. Using numerical methods we then investigate the continuation of
discrete breather solutions as the intersite coupling is increased. We find a
band of frequencies for which the 1-site breather continues all the way to the
soliton solution in the continuum. There is a second band, which abuts the
first, in which the 1-site breather does not continue to the soliton solution,
but a certain multi-site breather does. This banded structure continues, so
that in each band there is a particular multi-site breather which continues to
the soliton solution. A detailed analysis is presented, including an exposition
of how the bifurcation pattern changes as a band is crossed. The linear
stability of breathers is analyzed. It is proved that 1-site breathers are
stable at small coupling, provided a non-resonance condition holds, and an
extensive numerical stability analysis of 1-site and multisite breathers is
performed. The results show alternating bands of stability and instability as
the coupling increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86093 </DOCNO>
New Approach to Quantum Field Theory for Arbitrary Observers in


  A reformulation of fermionic QFT in electromagnetic backgrounds is presented
which uses methods analogous to those of conventional multiparticle quantum
mechanics. Emphasis is placed on the (Schr\"odinger picture) states of the
system, described in terms of Slater determinants of Dirac states, and not on
the field operator $\hat{\psi}(x)$ (which is superfluous in this approach). The
vacuum state `at time $\tau$' is defined as the Slater determinant of a basis
for the span of the negative spectrum of the `first quantized' Hamiltonian
$\hat{H}(\tau)$, thus providing a concrete realisation of the Dirac Sea. The
general S-matrix element of the theory is derived in terms of time-dependent
Bogoliubov coefficients, demonstrating that the S-matrix follows directly from
the definition of inner product between Slater determinants. The process of
`Hermitian extension', inherited directly from conventional multiparticle
quantum mechanics, allows second quantized operators to be defined without
appealing to a complete set of orthonormal modes, and provides an extremely
straightforward derivation of the general expectation value of the theory. The
concept of `radar time', advocated by Bondi in his work on k-calculus, is used
to generalise the particle interpretation to an arbitrarily moving observer. A
definition of particle results, which depends {\it only} on the observer's
motion and the background present, not on any choice of coordinates or gauge,
or of the particle detector. We relate this approach to conventional methods by
comparing and contrasting various derivations. Our particle definition can be
viewed as a generalisation to arbitrary observers of Gibbons' approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73736 </DOCNO>
Model-independent approach as a tool of studying chiral symmetry


  A simultaneous analysis (in the model-independent approach) of the $\pi\pi$
scattering (from the threshold to 1.9 GeV) and of the $\pi\pi\to K\overline{K}$
process (from the threshold to $\sim$ 1.46 GeV) is carried out in channel with
$I^GJ^{PC}=0^+0^{++}$. The existence of the $f_0(665)$ state with properies of
the $\sigma$-meson is proved. An indication for the glueball nature of the
$f_0(1500)$ is obtained. A minimum scenario of the simultaneous description of
the processes $\pi\pi\to\pi\pi,K\overline{K}$ does without the ${f_0}(1370)$
resonance. A version including this state is also considered. In this case the
${f_0}(1370)$ resonance has the dominant $s{\bar s}$ component (the ratio of
its coupling constant with the $\pi\pi$ channel to the one with the
$K\overline{K}$ channel is 0.12). The coupling constants of the observed states
with the $\pi\pi$ and $K\overline{K}$ systems and the $\pi\pi$ and
$K\overline{K}$ scattering lengths are obtained. A parameterless description of
the $\pi\pi$ background is given by allowance for the left-hand branch-point in
the uniformizing variable. On the basis of this and of the fact that all the
adjusted parameters for the $\pi\pi$ scattering are only the positions of poles
describing resonances, it is concluded that our model-independent approach is a
valuable tool for studying the realization schemes of chiral symmetry. The
existence of the $f_0(665)$ state and the obtained $\pi\pi$-scattering length
($a_0^0\approx 0.27 m_{\pi^+}^{-1}$) seem to suggest the linear realization of
chiral symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76903 </DOCNO>
Fermion Mass Hierarchy in Six Dimensional SO(10) Grand Unified Theory on


  We suggest a simple supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory in 6
dimensions which produces the suitable fermion mass hierarchies. The 5th and
6th dimensional coordinates are compactified on a $T^2/Z_2$ orbifold. The gauge
and Higgs fields propagate in 6 dimensions while ordinal chiral matter fields
are localized in 4 dimensions. The orbifolding and boundary conditions realize
the gauge symmetry reduction,
  $SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \times U(1)_X$, and the triplet-doublet
mass splitting. We introduce extra three sets of vector-like heavy fields: two
sets propagate in 6 dimensions and chiral fields which couple to them are
defined as the 1st generation, and one set propagates in 5 dimensions and
chiral fields which couple to them are defined as the 2nd generation. The
suitable fermion mass hierarchies are generated by integrating out these
vector-like heavy fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77054 </DOCNO>
Quark number susceptibilities from lattice QCD


  Results from our recent investigations of quark number susceptibilities in
both quenched and 2-flavour QCD are presented as a function of valence quark
mass and temperature. A strong reduction (approx. 40%) is seen in the strange
quark susceptibility above T_c in both the cases. A comparison of our isospin
susceptibility results with the corresponding weak coupling expansion reveals
once again the non-perturbative nature of the plasma up to 3T_c. Evidence
relating the susceptibility to another non-perturbative phenomena, pionic
screening lengths, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86285 </DOCNO>
Extreme objects with arbitrary large mass, or density, and arbitrary


  We consider a generalization of the interior Schwarzschild solution that we
match to the exterior one to build global C^1 models that can have arbitrary
large mass, or density, with arbitrary size. This is possible because of a new
insight into the problem of localizing the center of symmetry of the models and
the use of principal transformations to understand the structure of space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 374 </DOCNO>
Precursory dynamics in threshold systems


  A precursory dynamics, motivated by the analysis of recent experiments on
solid-on-solid friction, is introduced in a continuous cellular automaton that
mimics the essential physical contents of earthquake source processes. The
resulting system of equations for the inter-event cycle can be decoupled and
yields an analytical solution in the mean-field limit, exhibiting a smoothing
effect of the dynamics on the stress field. Simulation results show the
resulting departure from scaling at the large-event end of the frequency
distribution, and support claims that the field leakage may parameterize the
superposition of scaling and characteristic regimes observed in real earthquake
faults.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4801 </DOCNO>
Concentration Gradient, Diffusion, and Flow Through Open Porous Medium


  The interacting lattice gas model is used to simulate fluid flow through an
open percolating porous medium with the fluid entering at the source-end and
leaving from the opposite end. The shape of the steady-state concentration
profile and therefore the gradient field depends on the is found to scale with
the porosity according to porosity p. The root mean square (rms) displacements
of fluid and its constituents (tracers) show a drift power-law behavior, in the
asymptotic regime. The flux current density is found to scale with the porosity
according to an exponent near 1.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96588 </DOCNO>
On needed reals


  Following Blass, we call a real a ``needed'' for a binary relation R on the
reals if in every R-adequate set we find an element from which a is Turing
computable. We show that every real needed for Cof(N) is hyperarithmetic.
Replacing ``R-adequate'' by ``R-adequate with minimal cardinality'' we get
related notion of being ``weakly needed''. We show that is is consistent that
the two notions do not coincide for the reaping relation. (They coincide in
many models.) We show that not all hyperarithmetical reals are needed for the
reaping relation. This answers some questions asked by Blass at the Oberwolfach
conference in December 1999.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6681 </DOCNO>
Numerical Study of the Spin-Flop Transition in Anisotropic Spin-1/2


  Magnetization processes of the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic $XXZ$ model in two
and three spatial dimensions are studied using quantum Monte Carlo method based
on stochastic series expansions. Recently developed operator-loop algorithm
enables us to show a clear evidence of the first-order phase transition in the
presence of an external magnetic field. Phase diagrams of closely related
systems, hard core bosons with nearest-neighbor repulsions, are also discussed
focusing on possibilities of phase-separated and supersolid phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73314 </DOCNO>
Casimir scaling in a dual superconducting scenario of confinement


  The string tensions of flux tubes associated with static charges in various
SU(3) representations are studied within the dual Ginzburg-Landau (DGL) theory.
The ratios of the string tensions between higher and fundamental
representations, $d_{D} \equiv \sigma_{D}/\sigma_{F}$, are found to depend only
on the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) parameter, $\kappa = m_{\chi}/m_{B}$, the mass
ratio between monopoles $m_\chi$ and dual gauge bosons $m_B$. In the case of
the Bogomol'nyi limit ($\kappa=1$), analytical values of $d_{D}$ are easily
obtained by adopting the manifestly Weyl invariant formulation of the DGL
theory, which are provided simply by the number of color-electric Dirac strings
inside the flux tube. A numerical investigation of the ratio for various
GL-parameter cases is also performed, which suggests that the Casimir scaling
is obtained in the type-II parameter range within the interval $\kappa=5 \sim
9$ for various ratios $d_D$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1796 </DOCNO>
Interaction and magnetic moment of the electron in quantum Hall effect


  We introduce s.n where n is the unit vector in the direction of the radius
vector and s is the spin, which along with the velocity forms a spin-orbit
interaction of the order of v/c whereas the usual spin-orbit interaction is of
the order of the square of v/c. The effective fractional charges obtained from
this interaction are in good agreement with the experimental data of the
quantum Hall effect. The energy of the system diverges as L tends to infinity
indicating that there is a phase transformation at the half-filled Landau
level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81034 </DOCNO>
Schwinger Model with the Overlap-Dirac Operator: exact results versus a


  We propose new techniques for the numerical implementation of the
overlap-Dirac operator, which exploit the physical properties of the underlying
theory to avoid nested algorithms. We test these procedures in the
two-dimensional Schwinger model and the results are very promising. These
techniques can be directly applied to QCD simulations. We also present a
detailed computation of the spectrum and the chiral properties of the Schwinger
model in the overlap lattice formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7548 </DOCNO>
Low frequency transport measurements in GdSr2RuCu2O8


  Low frequency transport measurements are performed on GdSr$_2$RuCu$_2$O$_8$
pellets. The observed current-voltage curves are qualitatively explained in the
framework of a simple phenomenological model accounting for coexistence of
ferromagnetism and superconductivity in the sample. A Curie temperature
$T_{cM}$=133 K and a superconducting critical temperature $T_{cS}$=18 K, with
an onset temperature $T_{cO}$=33 K, are extracted from the analysis of the
current-voltage curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124396 </DOCNO>
Spatially resolved spectroscopy of emission-line gas in QSO Host


  We present off-nuclear spectra of 3 radio loud QSO's, 3C249.1, 3C273 and
3C323.1., taken with the echellette spectrograph and imager (ESI) at Keck
observatory. From these spectra we have extracted the spatial profile along the
slit of the [OIII], $\lambda= \textsf{5007}$ line. Fitted Gaussian
distributions to each of these profiles show emission-line gas out to several
tens of kiloparsecs from the galaxy nucleus. Most observations show several gas
components at distinct velocities and velocity dispersions, much of which is
above the escape velocity for any resonable mass galaxy. In addition, we show
slitless spectroscopy images for one other object, 3C48. From the slitless
spectroscopy images we can extract 2-dimensional spatial as well as velocity
information on the emission line gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148944 </DOCNO>
Remarks on topological models and fractional statistics


  One of the most intriguing aspects of Chern-Simons-type topological models is
the fractional statistics of point particles which has been shown essential for
our understanding of the fractional quantum Hall effects. Furthermore these
ideas are applied to the study of high Tc superconductivity. We present here an
recently proposed model for fractional spin with the Pauli term. On the other
hand, in D=4 space-time, a Schwarz-type topological gauge theory with
antisymmetric tensor gauge field, namely BF model, is reviewed. Antisymmetric
tensor fields are conjectured as mediator of string interaction. A dimensional
reduction of the previous model provides a (2+1) dimensional topological
theory, which involves a 2-form B and a 0-form $\phi$. Some recent results on
this model are reported. Recently, there have been thoughts of generalizing
unusual statistics to extended objects in others space-time dimensions, and in
particular to the case of strings in four dimensions. In this context,
discussions about fractional spin and antisymmetric tensor field are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6385 </DOCNO>
Periodic orbit analysis of an elastodynamic resonator using shape


  We report the first definitive experimental observation of periodic orbits
(POs) in the spectral properties of an elastodynamic system. The Fourier
transform of the density of flexural modes show peaks that correspond to stable
and unstable POs of a clover shaped quartz plate. We change the shape of the
plate and find that the peaks corresponding to the POs that hit only the
unperturbed sides are unchanged proving the correspondence. However, an exact
match to the length of the main POs could be made only after a small rescaling
of the experimental results. Statistical analysis of the level dynamics also
shows the effect of the stable POs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2480 </DOCNO>
Correlation functions, free energies and magnetizations in the


  Transfer-matrix methods are used to calculate spin-spin correlation functions
($G$), Helmholtz free energies ($f$) and magnetizations ($m$) in the
two-dimensional random-field Ising model close to the zero-field bulk critical
temperature $T_{c 0}$, on long strips of width $L = 3 - 18$ sites, for binary
field distributions. Analysis of the probability distributions of $G$ for
varying spin-spin distances $R$ shows that describing the decay of their
averaged values by effective correlation lengths is a valid procedure only for
not very large $R$. Connections between field-- and correlation function
distributions at high temperatures are established, yielding approximate
analytical expressions for the latter, which are used for computation of the
corresponding structure factor. It is shown that, for fixed $R/L$, the
fractional widths of correlation-function distributions saturate asymptotically
with $L^{-2.2}$. Considering an added uniform applied field $h$, a connection
between $f(h)$, $m(h)$, the Gibbs free energy $g(m)$ and the distribution
function for the uniform magnetization in zero uniform field, $P_0(m)$, is
derived and first illustrated for pure systems, and then applied for non-zero
random field. From finite-size scaling and crossover arguments, coupled with
numerical data, it is found that the width of $P_0(m)$ varies against
(non-vanishing, but small) random-field intensity $H_0$ as $H_0^{-3/7}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40777 </DOCNO>
Present and Future CP Measurements


  We review theoretical and experimental results on CP violation summarizing
the discussions in the working group on CP violation at the UK phenomenology
workshop 2000 in Durham.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114071 </DOCNO>
Diffusers for holographic stereography


  Holographic diffusers have long been recognized as versatile components with
a broad number of applications. In this work we discuss holographic diffusers
for projection of laser light from a Liquid Crystal Display(LCD) onto a
holographic recording medium. In holographic stereography, projection of the
information from a LCD onto a holographic recording medium has traditionally
been done by a lens or a ground glass. It is suggested that the holographic
diffusers can replace these elements and improve image quality and light
economy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96488 </DOCNO>
$C_k$-moves on spatial theta-curves and Vassiliev invariants


  The $C_k$-equivalence is an equivalence relation generated by $C_k$-moves
defined by Habiro. Habiro showed that the set of $C_k$-equivalence classes of
the knots forms an abelian group under the connected sum and it can be
classified by the additive Vassiliev invariant of order $\leq k-1$. We see that
the set of $C_k$-equivalence classes of the spatial $\theta$-curves forms a
group under the vertex connected sum and that if the group is abelian, then it
can be classified by the additive Vassiliev invariant of order $\leq k-1$.
However the group is not necessarily abelian. In fact, we show that it is
nonabelian for $k\geq 12$. As an easy consequence, we have the set of
$C_k$-equivalence classes of $m$-string links, which forms a group under the
composition, is nonabelian for $k\geq 12$ and $m\geq 2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174735 </DOCNO>
HBT and Fluctuations: Recent Results


  We give an overview of the latest results of HBT and fluctuations studies in
heavy ion collisions presented during the Quark Matter 2001 Conference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128610 </DOCNO>
Opacity in the jet of 3C309.1


  The "core" of a radio source is believed to mark the frequency-dependent
location where the optical depth to synchrotron self--absorption tau_s~1. The
frequency dependence can be used for derive physical conditions of the radio
emitting region and the ambient environment near the central engine of the
radio source. In order to test and improve the models to derive this
information, we made multi-frequency dual-polarization observations of 3C309.1
in 1998.6, phase-referenced to the QSOs S5 1448+76 and 4C72.20 (S5 1520+72)
(4d26' and 1d49' away, respectively). We present here preliminary results from
these observations: total and polarized intensity maps, spectral information
deduced from these images, and the relative position of 3C309.1 with respect to
S5 1448+76 at different frequencies. Finally, we discuss briefly the observed
shift of the core position.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127168 </DOCNO>
Optical and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of SN 1995N: Evidence for Strong


  Optical and ultraviolet observations of the Type IIn supernova 1995N at
epochs between 321 and 1799 days after the explosion show three distinct
velocity components. The narrow lines come from circumstellar gas and show both
low and high ionization. This component has a low filling factor, and is
photoionized by X-rays from the shock. The intermediate component, which is
dominated by newly processed oxygen, originates in a shell with velocity of
2500-5000 km/s, and most likely comes from the ejecta. The hydrogen- and
helium-dominated gas has a low ionization, a high density, and velocities that
extend out to ~10,000 km/s. Strong signatures of Ly-alpha-pumped fluorescence
lines of Fe II are seen in the near-infrared and ultraviolet. The He/H ratio, ~
0.3 by number, and the nitrogen overabundance provide strong evidence for CNO
burning products. The fluxes of the broad hydrogen and helium lines decrease
considerably faster than the oxygen lines. The H-alpha line profile shows
strong evolution, with the red wing decreasing faster than the blue. Possible
scenarios, involving either a clumpy circumstellar medium, or an aspherical
distribution of the surrounding gas, are discussed based on the line profiles
and physical conditions. Finally, we propose that Type IIn supernovae have
their origin in red supergiants in a superwind phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95826 </DOCNO>
Boolean representation of manifolds and functions


  It is shown that a smooth n dimensional manifold with a boundary in R^n
admits a Boolean representation in terms of closed half spaces defined by the
tangent hyperplanes at the points on its boundary. A similar result is
established for smooth functions on closed convex domains in R^n. The latter
result is considered as a form of the Legendre transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126962 </DOCNO>
1RXS J214303.7+065419/RBS 1774: A New Isolated Neutron Star Candidate


  We report on the identification of a new possible Isolated Neutron Star
candidate in archival ROSAT observations. The source 1RXS J214303.7+065419,
listed in the ROSAT Bright Survey as RBS 1774, is very soft, exhibits a thermal
spectrum well fitted by a blackbody at ${T}\sim 90$ eV and has a low column
density, ${N_H}\sim 5\times 10^{20}$ ${cm}^{-2}$. Catalogue searches revealed
no known sources in other energy bands close to the X-ray position of RBS 1774.
Follow-up optical observations with NTT showed no peculiar object within the
X-ray error circle. The absence of any plausible optical counterpart down to
${m_R}\sim 23$ results in an X-ray to optical flux ratio in excess of 1000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73504 </DOCNO>
Charge Violation and Alice Behavior in Global and Textured Strings


  Spontaneous breaking of global symmetries can produce ``Alice'' strings: line
defects which make unbroken symmetries multivalued, induce apparent charge
violation via Aharonov-Bohm interactions, and form point defects when twisted
into loops. We demonstrate this behavior for both divergent and textured global
Alice strings. Both adiabatically scatter charged particles via effective
Wilson lines. For textured Alice strings, such Wilson lines occur at all radii,
and are multivalued only inside the string. This produces measurable effects,
including path-dependent charge violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98928 </DOCNO>
Differential geometry of the Z_3-graded quantum superplane


  In this work, differential geometry of the Z$_3$-graded quantum superplane is
constructed. The corresponding quantum Lie superalgebra and its Hopf algebra
structure are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123398 </DOCNO>
GRBS: Standard Model & Beyond


  There have been great and rapid progresses in the field of $\gamma$-ray
bursts since BeppoSAX and other telescopes discovered their afterglows in 1997.
In this talk, the main observational facts of $\gamma$-ray bursts and their
afterglows, and the standard fireball shock model are reviewed briefly. And
then, various post-standard effects, deviations from the standard model, are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74413 </DOCNO>
On the direct detection of extragalactic WIMPs


  We consider the direct detection of WIMPs reaching the Earth from outside the
Milky Way. If these WIMPs form a distinct population they will, although of
much lower flux than typical galactic halo WIMPs, have a number of features
which might aid in their ultimate detectability: a high and essentially unique
velocity ($\sim 600$ km/s in the galactic rest frame) due to their acceleration
in entering the Milky Way, and most likely one or two unique flight directions
at the Earth. This high velocity may be experimentally advantageous in direct
detection experiments, since it gives a recoil signal at relatively high energy
where background is generally much reduced. For a density of extragalactic
WIMPs comparable to the critical density of the universe the count rate
expected is very roughly the same as that of fast galactic WIMPs. If there is
an increased density relative to critical associated with the Local Group of
galaxies, say 10-30 times the critical density, there is a corresponding
increase in rate and the extragalactic WIMPs would show up as a high energy
shoulder in the recoil energy distribution. Evidence of such WIMPs as a
separate population with these distinct properties would offer interesting
information on the formation and prehistory of the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123585 </DOCNO>
A Chandra detection of the radio hotspot of 3C123


  Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of the powerful, peculiar radio galaxy
3C123 have resulted in an X-ray detection of the bright eastern hotspot, with a
1-keV flux density of ~ 5 nJy. The X-ray flux and spectrum of the hotspot are
consistent with the X-rays being inverse-Compton scattering of radio
synchrotron photons by the population of electrons responsible for the radio
emission (`synchrotron self-Compton emission') if the magnetic fields in the
hotspot are close to their equipartition values. 3C123 is thus the third radio
galaxy to show X-ray emission from a hotspot which is consistent with being in
equipartition. Chandra also detects emission from a moderately rich cluster
surrounding 3C123, with Lx (2-10 keV) = 2 x 10^44 ergs/s and kT ~ 5 keV, and
absorbed emission from the active nucleus, with an inferred intrinsic column
density of 1.7 x 10^22 cm^-2 and an intrinsic 2-10 keV luminosity of 10^44
ergs/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73209 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in supersymmetric theories


  We study the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in supersymmetric
theories. The impact of the recent Brookhaven E821 experimental measurement on
both model-independent and model-dependent supersymmetric parameter spaces is
discussed in detail. We find that values of tan\beta as low as 3 can be
obtained while remaining within the E821 one-sigma bound. This requires a light
smuon; however, we show that, somewhat surprisingly, no model-independent bound
can be placed on the mass of the lightest chargino for any tan\beta greater
than or equal to 3. We also show that the maximum contributions to the
anomalous magnetic moment are insensitive to CP-violating phases. We provide
analyses of the supersymmetric contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic
moment in dilaton-dominated supergravity models and gauge-mediated
supersymmetry-breaking models. Finally, we discuss how other phenomena, such as
$B(b\to s\gamma)$, relic abundance of the lightest superpartner, and the Higgs
mass may be correlated with the anomalous magnetic moment, but do not
significantly impact the viability of a supersymmetric explanation, or the mass
limits obtainable on smuons and charginos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99092 </DOCNO>
On crossed products of the Cuntz algebra ${\mathcal O}_\infty$ by


  We investigate the structures of crossed products of the Cuntz algebra
${\mathcal O}_\infty$ by quasi-free actions of abelian groups. We completely
determine their ideal structures and compute the strong Connes spectra and
K-groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7316 </DOCNO>
Relativistic equilibrium velocity distribution to improve standard solar


  The current standard solar models can be improved by substituting the
relativistic equilibrium velocity distribution for the Maxwellian velocity
distribution. The relativistic equilibrium velocity distribution is close-
fitting to the Maxwellian velocity distribution in the low-velocity part and
substantially different from the Maxwellian velocity distribution in the
high-velocity part, and vanishes at the velocity of light. If adopted in
standard solar models, it will lower solar neutrino fluxes, change solar
neutrino energy spectra but maintain solar sound speeds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 665 </DOCNO>
Cluster expansions in dilute systems: applications to satisfiability


  We develop a systematic cluster expansion for dilute systems in the highly
dilute phase. We first apply it to the calculation of the entropy of the
K-satisfiability problem in the satisfiable phase. We derive a series expansion
in the control parameter, the average connectivity, that is identical to the
one obtained by using the replica approach with a replica symmetric ({\sc rs})
{\it Ansatz}, when the order parameter is calculated via a perturbative
expansion in the control parameter. As a second application we compute the
free-energy of the Viana-Bray model in the paramagnetic phase. The cluster
expansion allows one to compute finite-size corrections in a simple manner and
these are particularly important in optimization problems. Importantly enough,
these calculations prove the exactness of the {\sc rs} {\it Ansatz} below the
percolation threshold and might require its revision between this and the
easy-to-hard transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125511 </DOCNO>
Characterizing the QPO Behavior of the X-ray Nova XTE J1550--564


  For all 209 RXTE observations of the X-ray nova XTE J1550-564 during its
major outburst of 1998-1999, we have analyzed the X-ray power spectra, phase
lags, and coherence functions. The phase lags and coherence measures are used
to distinguish three types of low-frequency QPOs (one more than those reported
by Wijnands, Homan, & van der Klis 1999). For the most common type, the phase
lag is correlated with both the QPO frequency and the amplitude. The physical
significance of the QPO types is evident in the relationships between QPO
properties and the apparent temperature and flux from the accretion disk. There
is also a clear pattern in how the QPO types relate to the presence of
high-frequency QPOs. In general, both the amplitude and the Q value
(freq./FWHM) of low-frequency QPOs decrease as the high-frequency oscillations
increase in frequency (100 to 284 Hz) and in Q value. We speculate that the
antagonism between low-frequency and high-frequency QPOs arises from competing
structures in a perturbed accretion disk. However, we find that the frequencies
of slow (< 20 Hz) and fast (> 100 Hz) QPOs are not correlated. In addition, we
encounter systematic problems in attempting to reliably compare the QPO
frequencies with broad features in the power continuum, since there are a
variable number of such features in the power spectra. These results cast some
doubt on the reported global relationship between QPOs from neutrons stars and
those from black hole systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74543 </DOCNO>
Hidden symmetry and separation of variables in the problem of two


  An additional spheroidal integral of motion and a group of dynamic symmetry
in a model quantum-mechanical problem of two centres eZ_{1}Z_{2}omega with
Coulomb and oscillator interactions is obtained, the group properties of its
solutions being studied. P(3) \otimes P(2,1), P(5,1) and P(4,2) groups are
considered as the dynamic symmetry groups of the problem, among them P(3)
\otimes P(2,1) group possessing the smallest number of parameters. The obtained
results may appear useful at the calcuations of QQq-baryons and QQg-mesons
energy spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97954 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative localization and chain complexes I. Algebraic K- and


  The noncommutative (Cohn) localization S^{-1}R of a ring R is defined for any
collection S of morphisms of f.g. projective left R-modules. We exhibit S^{-1}R
as the endomorphism ring of R in an appropriate triangulated category. We use
this expression to prove that if S^{-1}R is "stably flat over R" (meaning that
Tor^R_i(S^{-1}R,S^{-1}R)=0 for i>0) then every bounded f.g. projective
S^{-1}R-module chain complex D with [D] \in im(K_0(R)-->K_0(S^{-1}R)) is chain
equivalent to S^{-1}C for a bounded f.g. projective R-module chain complex C,
and that there is a localization exact sequence in higher algebraic K-theory
>... --> K_n(R) --> K_n(S^{-1}R) --> K_n(R,S) --> K_{n-1}(R) --> ..., extending
to the left the sequence obtained for n<2 by Schofield. For a noncommutative
localization S^{-1}R of a ring with involution R there are analogous results
for algebraic L-theory, extending the results of Vogel from quadratic to
symmetric L-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1228 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and spin transport in a mesoscopic ring with


  We present a detailed analysis of the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interference
oscillations manifested through transmission of an electron in a mesoscopic
ring with a magnetic impurity atom inserted in one of its arms. The spin
polarization transport is also studied. The electron interacts with the
impurity through the exchange interaction leading to exchange spin-flip
scattering. Transmission in the spin-flipped and spin-unflipped channels are
explicitly calculated. We show that the entanglement between electron and
spin-flipper states lead to a reduction of AB oscillations in spite of absence
of any inelastic scattering. The spin-conductance (related to spin-polarized
transmission coefficient) is asymmetric in the flux reversal as opposed to the
two probe conductance which is symmetric under flux reversal. We point out
certain limitations of this model in regard to the general notion of dephasing
in quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124109 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Imaging with the Coded Mask IBIS Telescope


  The IBIS telescope onboard INTEGRAL, the ESA gamma-ray space mission to be
launched in 2002, is a soft gamma-ray (20 keV - 10 MeV) device based on a coded
aperture imaging system. We describe here basic concepts of coded masks, the
imaging system of the IBIS telescope, and the standard data analysis procedures
to reconstruct sky images. This analysis includes, for both the low-energy
detector layer (ISGRI) and the high energy layer (PICSIT), iterative procedures
which decode recorded shadowgrams, search for and locate sources, clean for
secondary lobes, and then rotate and compose sky images. These procedures will
be implemented in the Quick Look and Standard Analysis of the INTEGRAL Science
Data Center (ISDC) as IBIS Instrument Specific Software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99027 </DOCNO>
A derivation of the Catalan numbers from a bijection between


  We present an algorithmic mapping from permutations of length dn to labeled
n-node d-ary trees and back again. Given such a bijection, one can interpret
each of the factorials in the formula for the Catalan numbers as a count of
permutations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 646 </DOCNO>
Square water as a solvent: Monte Carlo simulations


  Square water takes into account the directionality of hydrogen bonds. The
model is reviewed and its properties as a solvent for apolar particles are
studied through Monte Carlo simulations. Specific heat measurements are used to
identify phase separation. Data for comparison with the lattice gas on the
square lattice are presented and the relation to non-associating solvents is
discussed. Data for the frequency of hydrogen bonds as a function of
temperature indicate a slower rate of bond breaking for the hydration shell as
compared to bulk water particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72540 </DOCNO>
Parton interactions in the Bjorken limit of QCD


  We consider the Bjorken limit in the framework of the effective action
approach and discuss its similarities to the Regge limit. The proposed
effective action allows for a rather simple calculation of the known evolution
kernels. We represent the result in terms of two-parton interaction operators
involving gluon and quark operators depending on light-ray position and
helicity and analyze their symmetry properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169204 </DOCNO>
Exact, convergent periodic-orbit expansions of individual energy


  We present exact, explicit, convergent periodic-orbit expansions for
individual energy levels of regular quantum graphs. One simple application is
the energy levels of a particle in a piecewise constant potential. Since the
classical ray trajectories (including ray splitting) in such systems are
strongly chaotic, this result provides the first explicit quantization of a
classically chaotic system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76144 </DOCNO>
Future physics with polarized ep-colliders


  We discuss some of the physics opportunities at polarized ep-colliders.
Recent studies for polarized ep-colliders include HERA, EIC and THERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3148 </DOCNO>
Electromechanics of charge shuttling in dissipative nanostructures


  We investigate the current-voltage (IV) characteristics of a model
single-electron transistor where mechanical motion, subject to strong
dissipation, of a small metallic grain is possible. The system is studied both
by using Monte Carlo simulations and by using an analytical approach. We show
that electromechanical coupling results in a highly nonlinear IV-curve. For
voltages above the Coulomb blockade threshold, two distinct regimes of charge
transfer occur: At low voltages the system behave as a static asymmetric double
junction and tunneling is the dominating charge transfer mechanism. At higher
voltages an abrupt transition to a new shuttle regime appears, where the grain
performs an oscillatory motion back and forth between the leads. In this regime
the current is mainly mediated by charges that are carried on the grain as it
moves from one lead to the other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73456 </DOCNO>
Phase transition dynamics in the hot Abelian Higgs model


  We present a detailed numerical study of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium
dynamics of the phase transition in the finite-temperature Abelian Higgs model.
Our simulations use classical equations of motion both with and without
hard-thermal-loop corrections, which take into account the leading quantum
effects. From the equilibrium real-time correlators, we determine the Landau
damping rate, the plasmon frequency and the plasmon damping rate. We also find
that, close to the phase transition, the static magnetic field correlator shows
power-law magnetic screening at long distances. The information about the
damping rates allows us to derive a quantitative prediction for the number
density of topological defects formed in a phase transition. We test this
prediction in a non-equilibrium simulation and show that the relevant time
scale for defect formation is given by the Landau damping rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97614 </DOCNO>
Ample filters of invertible sheaves


  Let $X$ be a scheme, proper over a commutative noetherian ring $A$. We
introduce the concept of an ample filter of invertible sheaves on $X$ and
generalize the most important equivalent criteria for ampleness of an
invertible sheaf. We also prove the Theorem of the Base for $X$ and generalize
Serre's Vanishing Theorem. We then generalize results for twisted homogeneous
coordinate rings which were previously known only when $X$ was projective over
an algebraically closed field. Specifically, we show that the concepts of left
and right $\sigma$-ampleness are equivalent and that the associated twisted
homogeneous coordinate ring must be noetherian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126216 </DOCNO>
HST Observations of the Nuclear Regions of the Toomre Sequence of


  We present first results from an HST WFPC2 imaging and STIS spectroscopy
program to investigate the structural and star forming properties in the
nuclear regions of the Toomre Sequence of merging galaxies. Here we discuss
V-band, I-band and H-alpha images of the nuclei. We comment briefly on the
connection between the nuclear morphology of the ionized gas and the merger
stage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76385 </DOCNO>
Studying the Higgs Potential at the e+e- Linear Collider


  The determination of the shape of the Higgs potential is needed to complete
the investigation of the Higgs profile and to obtain a direct experimental
proof of the mechanism of electro-weak symmetry breaking. This can be achieved,
at a linear collider, by determining the Higgs triple self-coupling g_HHH in
the processes e+e--> HHZ and HHnunu and, possibly, the quartic coupling. This
paper summarises the results of a study of the expected accuracies on the
determination of g_HHH at a TeV-class LC and at a multi-TeV LC. The statistical
dilution arising from contributions not sensitive to the triple Higgs vertex,
can be reduced by means of variables sensitive to the kinematics and the spin
properties of the reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74755 </DOCNO>
Cosmological perturbations from multi-field inflation in generalized


  We study cosmological perturbations generated from quantum fluctuations in
multi-field inflationary scenarios in generalized Einstein theories, taking
both adiabatic and isocurvature modes into account. In the slow-roll
approximation, explicit closed-form long-wave solutions for field and metric
perturbations are obtained by the analysis in the Einstein frame. Since the
evolution of fluctuations depends on specific gravity theories, we make
detailed investigations based on analytic and numerical approaches in four
generalized Einstein theories: the Jordan-Brans-Dicke (JBD) theory, the
Einstein gravity with a non-minimally coupled scalar field, the
higher-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory, and the $R+R^2$ theory with a
non-minimally coupled scalar field. We find that solutions obtained in the
slow-roll approximation show good agreement with full numerical results except
around the end of inflation. Due to the presence of isocurvature perturbations,
the gravitational potential $\Phi$ and the curvature perturbations ${\cal R}$
and $\zeta$ do not remain constant on super-horizon scales. In particular, we
find that negative non-minimal coupling can lead to strong enhancement of
${\cal R}$ in both the Einstein and higher derivative gravity, in which case it
is difficult to unambiguously decompose scalar perturbations into adiabatic and
isocurvature modes during the whole stage of inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2726 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a tunneling magnetic impurity: Kondo effect induced


  We study how the formation of the Kondo compensation cloud influences the
dynamical properties of a magnetic impurity that tunnels between two positions
in a metal. The Kondo effect dynamically generates a strong tunneling
impurity-conduction electron coupling, changes the temperature dependence of
the tunneling rate, and may ultimately result in the destruction of the
coherent motion of the particle at zero temperature. We find an interesting
two-channel Kondo fixed point as well for a vanishing overlap between the
electronic states that screen the magnetic impurity. We propose a number of
systems where the predicted features could be observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126982 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observation of MS 1455.0+2232: cold fronts in a massive cooling


  We present the Chandra observation of the cluster of galaxies MS 1455.0+2232.
  From previous ASCA and ROSAT observations, this cluster was identified as a
``relaxed'' cluster that hosts one of the most massive cooling flows detected.
With higher angular resolution, the Chandra X-ray image shows the presence of
two surface brightness edges on opposite sides of the X-ray peak: the first at
190 kpc to the north and the second at 450 kpc to the south. Even though the
low exposure of this observation limits our ability to constrain the
temperature jump across both edges, we show that the northern edge is likely to
be a ``cold front'' similar to others observed recently by Chandra in the
clusters A2142, A3667, RX J1720.1+2638, and A2256. The observed cold front is
most likely produced by the motion, from south to north, of a group-size dark
matter halo. The most natural explanation for the presence of this observed
moving subclump is that MS 1455.0+2232 is a merger cluster in the very last
stage before it becomes fully relaxed. This scenario, however, appears to be
unlikely as the cluster shows no further sign of ongoing merger. Moreover, it
is not clear if a massive cooling flow could have survived this kind of merger.
We propose an alternative scenario in which, as for RX J1720.1+2638, MS
1455.0+2232 is the result of the hierarchical collapse of two co-located
density perturbations, the first a group-scale perturbation collapse followed
by a second cluster-scale perturbation collapse that surrounded, but did not
destroy, the first. We suggest that a cooling flow may have begun inside the
already collapsed group-scale perturbation and may have been later amplified by
the gas compression induced by the infall of the overlying main cluster mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1876 </DOCNO>
Trends in Resonance Energy Shifts and Decay Rates for Bose Condensates


  This is a study of quasi-discrete Bogoliubov quasi-particles in a spherically
symmetric harmonic trap. We first evaluate analytically the aymptotic energy
shifts of the high energy modes and find them to have $1/sqrt(n)$ dependence on
the number of radial nodes, $n$, consistent with earlier semiclassical
discussions. To address the question of the widths or decay rates, we attempt
to clarify previous discussions by deriving an implicit equation for the widths
from an assumption of exponential decay. Numerically, we study the trends in
the behavior of the widths as a function of temperature, energy, particle
number and scattering lengths. In particular, we find that the width due to
Landau decay rises rapidly at low $n$ and then declines, while the Beliaev
decay rate rises slowly with $n$. As temperature goes to zero, Beliaev decay
reaches a constant (>0 for n>0), while the Landau decay rate goes to zero. The
decay rate is approximately linear in the s-wave scattering length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96383 </DOCNO>
Spectral and Tiling properties of the Unit Cube


  Let $\Q=[0,1)^d$ denote the unit cube in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space \Rd
and let \T be a discrete subset of \Rd. We show that the exponentials
$e_t(x):=exp(i2\pi tx)$, $t\in\T$ form an othonormal basis for $L^2(\Q)$ if and
only if the translates $\Q+t$, $t\in\T$ form a tiling of \Rd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4193 </DOCNO>
Analytical expressions for the spin-spin local-field factor and the


  We present an analytical expression for the static many-body local field
factor $G_{-}(q)$ of a homogeneous two-dimensional electron gas, which
reproduces Diffusion Monte Carlo data and embodies the exact asymptotic
behaviors at both small and large wave number $q$. This allows us to also
provide a closed-form expression for the spin-antisymmetric exchange and
correlation kernel $K^{-}_{xc}(r)$ which represents a key input for
spin-density functional studies of inhomogeneous electronic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84005 </DOCNO>
Gemini MCAO Control System


  The Gemini Observatory is planning to implement a Multi Conjugate Adaptive
Optics (MCAO) System as a facility instrument for the Gemini-South telescope.
The system will include 5 Laser Guide Stars, 3 Natural Guide Stars, and 3
Deformable mirrors optically conjugated at different altitudes to achieve
near-uniform atmospheric compensation over a 1 arc minute square field of view.
The control of such a system will be split into 3 main functions: the control
of the opto-mechanical assemblies of the whole system (including the Laser, the
Beam Transfer Optics and the Adaptive Optics bench), the control of the
Adaptive Optics System itself at a rate of 800FPS and the control of the safety
system. The control of the Adaptive Optics System is the most critical in terms
of real time performances. The control system will be an EPICS based system. In
this paper, we will describe the requirements for the whole MCAO control
system, preliminary designs for the control of the opto-mechanical devices and
architecture options for the control of the Adaptive Optics system and the
safety system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97678 </DOCNO>
The Quantization of the Relative Cohomology Group


  The paper was removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149578 </DOCNO>
Summing the derivative expansion of the effective action


  The derivative expansion of the effective action is a perturbative
development in derivatives of the fields. The expansion breaks down when some
of the derivatives are too large. We show how to sum exactly the first and
second derivatives and treat perturbatively derivatives higher than second.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127250 </DOCNO>
Pulsar braking index: A test of emission models?


  Pulsar braking torques due to magnetodipole radiation and to unipolar
generator are considered, which results in braking index being less than 3 and
could be employed to test the emission models. Improved equations to obtain
pulsar braking index and magnetic field are presented if we deem that the
rotation energy loss rate equals to the sum of the dipole radiation energy loss
rate and that of relativistic particles powered by unipolar generator. The
magnetic field calculated by conventional way could be good enough but only
modified by a factor of ~0.6 at most. Both inner and outer gaps may coexist in
the magnetosphere of the Vela pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97663 </DOCNO>
Linear Boltzmann equation as the long time dynamics of an electron


  We consider the long time evolution of a quantum particle weakly interacting
with a phonon field. We show that in the weak coupling limit the Wigner
distribution of the electron density matrix converges to the solution of the
linear Boltzmann equation globally in time. The collision kernel is identified
as the sum of an emission and an absorption term that depend on the equilibrium
distribution of the free phonon modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86098 </DOCNO>
Analog gravity from field theory normal modes?


  We demonstrate that the emergence of a curved spacetime ``effective
Lorentzian geometry'' is a common and generic result of linearizing a field
theory around some non-trivial background. This investigation is motivated by
considering the large number of ``analog models'' of general relativity that
have recently been developed based on condensed matter physics, and asking
whether there is something more fundamental going on. Indeed, linearization of
a classical field theory (a field theoretic ``normal mode analysis'') results
in fluctuations whose propagation is governed by a Lorentzian-signature curved
spacetime ``effective metric''. For a single scalar field, this procedure
results in a unique effective metric, which is quite sufficient for simulating
kinematic aspects of general relativity (up to and including Hawking
radiation). Quantizing the linearized fluctuations, the one-loop effective
action contains a term proportional to the Einstein--Hilbert action, suggesting
that while classical physics is responsible for generating an ``effective
geometry'', quantum physics can be argued to induce an ``effective dynamics''.
The situation is strongly reminiscent of Sakharov's ``induced gravity''
scenario, and suggests that Einstein gravity is an emergent low-energy
long-distance phenomenon that is insensitive to the details of the high-energy
short-distance physics. (We mean this in the same sense that hydrodynamics is a
long-distance emergent phenomenon, many of whose predictions are insensitive to
the short-distance cutoff implicit in molecular dynamics.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98084 </DOCNO>
Applications of the Quon Algebra: 3-D Harmonic Oscillator and the Rotor


  In this work we present a method to build in a systematic way a many-body
quon basis state. In particular, we show a closed expression for a given number
N of quons, restricted to the permutational symmetric subspace, which belongs
to the whole quonic space. The method is applied to two simple problems: the
three-dimensional harmonic oscillator and the rotor model and compared to
previous quantum algebra results. The differences obtained and possible future
applications are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114140 </DOCNO>
Helium nanodroplet isolation ro-vibrational spectroscopy: methods and


  In this article, recent developments in HElium NanoDroplet Isolation (HENDI)
spectroscopy are reviewed, with an emphasis on the infrared region of the
spectrum. Topics discussed include experimental details, comparison of
radiation sources, symmetry issues of the helium solvation structure, sources
of line broadening, changes in spectroscopic constants upon solvation, and
applications including formation of novel chemical structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127704 </DOCNO>
The Effect of the Random Magnetic Field Component on the Parker


  The Parker instability is considered to play important roles in the evolution
of the interstellar medium. Most studies on the development of the instability
so far have been based on an initial equilibrium system with a uniform magnetic
field. However, the Galactic magnetic field possesses a random component in
addition to the mean uniform component, with comparable strength of the two
components. Parker and Jokipii have recently suggested that the random
component can suppress the growth of small wavelength perturbations. Here, we
extend their analysis by including gas pressure which was ignored in their
work, and study the stabilizing effect of the random component in the
interstellar gas with finite pressure. Following Parker and Jokipii, the
magnetic field is modeled as a mean azimuthal component, $B(z)$, plus a random
radial component, $\epsilon(z) B(z)$, where $\epsilon(z)$ is a random function
of height from the equatorial plane. We show that for the observationally
suggested values of $<\epsilon^2>^{1/2}$, the tension due to the random
component becomes important, so that the growth of the instability is either
significantly reduced or completely suppressed. When the instability still
works, the radial wavenumber of the most unstable mode is found to be zero.
That is, the instability is reduced to be effectively two-dimensional. We
discuss briefly the implications of our finding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127081 </DOCNO>
Atomic Data Needs for Modeling Photoionized Plasmas


  Many of the fundamental questions in astrophysics can be addressed using
spectroscopic observations of photoionized cosmic plasmas. However, the
reliability of the inferred astrophysics depends on the accuracy of the
underlying atomic data used to interpret the collected spectra. In this paper,
we review some of the most glaring atomic data needs for better understanding
photoionized plasmas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114006 </DOCNO>
Mixture of ultracold lithium and cesium atoms in an optical dipole trap


  We present the first simultaneous trapping of two different ultracold atomic
species in a conservative trap. Lithium and cesium atoms are stored in an
optical dipole trap formed by the focus of a CO$_2$ laser. Techniques for
loading both species of atoms are discussed and observations of elastic and
inelastic collisions between the two species are presented. A model for
sympathetic cooling of two species with strongly different mass in the presence
of slow evaporation is developed. From the observed Cs-induced evaporation of
Li atoms we estimate a cross section for cold elastic Li-Cs collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98414 </DOCNO>
Some Galois extensions of quadratic extensions associated with Witt


  A Galois field extension $E/F$ whose Galois group is a pro-2-group of an
exponent of at most 8, with a nilpotency class of at most 4, is determined,
such that it contains essential information about the Witt rings of all
quadratic extensions of $F$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7482 </DOCNO>
The response function of a Hall magnetosensor


  Patterned two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems into micrometer Hall
bars can be used as Hall magnetosensors to provide detailed information on the
magnetic field distribution. In this way, ballistic Hall probes have already
been studied and used successfully. Here, the response function of a Hall
sensor is determined in the diffusive regime, which allows this device to be
used as a magnetosensor for the determination of inhomogeneous magnetic field
distribtutions. Furthermore, the influence of the geometry of the Hall bar on
this response function, such as circular corners and asymmetry in the probes,
is also investigated and appears to be non-negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 561 </DOCNO>
Deep Inelastic Neutron Scattering determination of the single particle


  For the first time, an experimental determination of the single-particle mean
kinetic energies for 3He along the T=2.00 K isotherm in the dense liquid and in
the solid hcp and bcc phases is reported. Deep Inelastic Neutron Scattering
measurements at exchanged wavevectors ranging from 90.0 A^-1 to 140.0 A^-1 have
been performed in order to evaluate, within the framework of the Impulse
Approximation, the molar volume dependence of the kinetic energy. The results
are found in excellent agreement with recent Diffusion Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124043 </DOCNO>
The Metal-rich Globular Cluster NGC6553: Observations with WFPC2, STIS,


  We present a HST study of the metal-rich globular cluster NGC6553 using
WFPC2, NICMOS and STIS. Our primary motivation is to calibrate the STIS
broad-band LP magnitude against $V_{555}$ and $I_{814}$ magnitudes for stars of
known metallicity and absolute (visual) magnitude, for application to our study
of LMC globular clusters. NGC6553 has been shown in earlier studies to have a
very unusual colour-magnitude diagram, so we also use our data to investigate
the reddening, distance, luminosity function and structure of this cluster. We
deduce a higher metallicity and smaller distance modulus than did some previous
studies, but emphasise that very large patchy extinction on small angular
scales prohibits accurate determination of the parameters of this cluster. The
horizontal branch of NGC6553 in ($V,V-I$) is tilted at an angle close to that
of the reddening vector. We show that extinction does not, however, explain the
tilt, which is presumably a metallicity effect. The colour-magnitude diagram
shows an apparent second turnoff some 1.5 magnitudes fainter than that of the
cluster. We show that this is most likely the background Galactic bulge:
however, in that case, the colour-magnitude diagram of NGC6553 is not a good
match to that of the field bulge population. The cluster is probably more
metal-rich than is the mean field bulge star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150264 </DOCNO>
Brane/Flux Annihilation and the String Dual of a Non-Supersymmetric


  We consider the dynamics of p anti-D3 branes inside the Klebanov-Strassler
geometry, the deformed conifold with M units of RR 3-form flux around the S^3.
We find that for p<<M the system relaxes to a nonsupersymmetric NS 5-brane
``giant graviton'' configuration, which is classically stable, but quantum
mechanically can tunnel to a nearby supersymmetric vacuum with M-p D3 branes.
This decay mode is exponentially suppressed and proceeds via the nucleation of
an NS 5-brane bubble wall. We propose a dual field theory interpretation of the
decay as the transition between a nonsupersymmetric ``baryonic'' branch and a
supersymmetric ``mesonic'' branch of the corresponding SU(2M-p)x SU(M-p) low
energy gauge theory. The NS 5-brane tunneling process also provides a simple
explanation of the geometric transition by which D3-branes can dissolve into
3-form flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1581 </DOCNO>
Zero Energy Solutions and Vortices in Schroedinger Equations


  All two-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger equations with symmetric potentials
\break $(V_a(\rho)=-a^2g_a \rho ^{2(a-1)/2} {with} \rho=\sqrt{x^2+y^2} {and}
a\not=0)$ is shown to have zero energy states contained in conjugate spaces of
Gel'fand triplets. For the zero energy eigenvalue the equations for all $a$ are
reduced to the same equation representing two-dimensional free motions in the
constant potential $V_a=-g_a$ in terms of the conformal mappings of
$\zeta_a=z^a$ with $z=x+iy$. Namely, the zero energy eigenstates are described
by the plane waves with the fixed wave numbers $k_a=\sqrt{mg_a}/\hbar$ in the
mapped spaces. All the zero energy states are infinitely degenerate as same as
the case of the parabolic potential barrier (PPB) shown in ref. \cite{sk4}.
Following hydrodynamical arguments, we see that such states describe stationary
flows round the origin, which are represented by the complex velocity
potentials $W=p_a z^a$, ($p_a$ being a complex number) and their linear
combinations create almost arbitrary vortex patterns. Examples of the vortex
patterns in constant potntials and PPB are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129660 </DOCNO>
The field of NGC 6397 as a test for Galactic models


  Taking advantage of recent HST data for field stars in the region of the
Galactic globular cluster NGC 6397, we tested the predictions of several
Galactic models with star counts reaching a largely unexplored range of
magnitudes, down to $V$$\sim$ 26.5. After updating the input stellar ($V-I$)
colors, we found that the two-component Bahcall-Soneira (B&S) model can be put
in satisfactory agreement with observations for suitable choices of
disk/spheroid luminosity functions. However if one assumes the Gould, Bahcall
and Flynn (1996, 1997) disk luminosity function (LF) together with the Gould,
Flynn and Bahcall (1998) spheroid LF, there is no way to reconcile the
predicted and observed $V $-magnitude distribution. We also analysed the
agreement between observed and predicted magnitude and color distributions for
two selected models with a thick disk component. Even in this case there are
suitable combinations of model parameters and faint magnitude LFs which can
give a reasonable agreement with observational star counts both in magnitude
and in color, the above quoted combination of Gould et al. (1997, 1998) LFs
giving again predictions in clear disagreement with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174822 </DOCNO>
Measurement of inclusive antiprotons from Au+Au collisions at 130 GeV


  We report the first measurement of inclusive antiproton production at
mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at 130 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The
antiproton transverse mass distributions in the measured transverse momentum
range of 0.25 < pT < 0.95 GeV/c are found to fall less steeply for more central
collisions. The extrapolated antiproton rapidity density is found to scale
approximately with the negative hadron multiplicity density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4053 </DOCNO>
Possible realization of Josephson charge qubits in two coupled


  We demonstrate that two coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) at zero
temperature can be used to realize a qubit which is the counterpart of
Josephson charge qubits. The two BEC are weakly coupled and confined in an
asymmetric double-well trap. When the "charging energy" of the system is much
larger than the Josephson energy and the system is biased near a degeneracy
point, the two BEC represent a qubit with two states differing only by one
atom. The realization of the BEC qubits in realistic BEC experiments is briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4277 </DOCNO>
DC current through a superconducting two-barrier system


  We analyze the influence of the structure within a SNS junction on the
multiple Andreev resonances in the subgap I-V characteristics. Coherent
interference processes and incoherent propagation in the normal region are
considered. The detailed geometry of the normal region where the voltage drops
in superconducting contacts can lead to observable effects in the conductance
at low voltages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95839 </DOCNO>
A Homotopy Theory of Orbispaces


  In 1985, physicists Dixon, Harvey, Vafa and Witten studied string theories on
Calabi-Yau orbifolds (cf. [DHVW]). An interesting discovery in their paper was
the prediction that a certain physicist's Euler number of the orbifold must be
equal to the Euler number of any of its crepant resolutions. This was soon
related to the so called McKay correspondence in mathematics (cf. [McK]). Later
developments include stringy Hodge numbers (cf. [Z], [BD]), mirror symmetry of
Calabi-Yau orbifolds (cf. [Ro]), and most recently the Gromov-Witten invariants
of symplectic orbifolds (cf. [CR1-2]). One common feature of these studies is
that certain contributions from singularities, which are called ``twisted
sectors'' in physics, have to be properly incorporated. This is called the
``stringy aspect'' of an orbifold (cf. [R]).
  This paper makes an effort to understand the stringy aspect of orbifolds in
the realm of ``traditional mathematics''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126851 </DOCNO>
Angular Momentum Evolution of Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster


  (Abridged) We present theoretical models of stellar angular momentum
evolution from the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) to the Pleiades and the Hyades.
We demonstrate that observations of the Pleiades and Hyades place tight
constraints on the angular momentum loss rate from stellar winds. The observed
periods, masses and ages of ONC stars in the range 0.2--0.5 M$_\odot$, and the
loss properties inferred from the Pleiades and Hyades stars, are then used to
test the initial conditions for stellar evolution models. We use these models
to estimate the distribution of rotational velocities for the ONC stars at the
age of the Pleiades (120 Myr). The modeled ONC and observed Pleiades
distributions of rotation rates are not consistent if only stellar winds are
included. In order to reconcile the observed loss of angu lar momentum between
these two clusters, an extrinsic loss mechanism such as protostar-accretion
disk interaction is required. Our model, which evolves the ONC stars with a
mass dependent saturation threshold normalized such that $\omega_{crit} = 5.4
\omega_\odot$ at 0.5 \m, and which includes a distribution of disk lifetimes
that is uniform over the range 0--6 Myr, is consistent with the Pleiades. This
model for disk-locking lifetimes is also consistent with inferred disk
lifetimes from the percentage of stars with infrared excesses observed in young
clusters. Different models, using a variety of initial period distributions and
different maximum disk lifetimes, are also compared to the Pleiades. For
disk-locking models that use a uniform distribution of disk lifetimes over the
range 0 to $\tau_{max}$, the acceptable range of the maximum lifetime is $3.5 <
\tau_{max} < 8.5$ Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72394 </DOCNO>
Strangeness Production by Electromagnetic and Hadronic Probes


  After pioneering works on hypernuclei, strangeness production mechanisms have
been studied in hadron collisions and photoreactions in the sixties. Recent
experiments at SATURNE and COSY, in the hadronic sector, as well as ELSA and
JLab, in the electromagnetic sector, have confirmed our basic ideas on the
reaction mechanisms. In the near future, strangeness production at JLab, HERMES
and COMPASS may prove to be a powerful tool to study hadronic matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7174 </DOCNO>
Kondo and anti-Kondo resonances in transport through nanoscale devices


  We study the current through a quantum wire side coupled to a quantum dot,
and compare it with the case of an embedded dot. The system is modeled by the
Anderson Hamiltonian for a linear chain, with one atom either coupled to
(side-dot) or substituted by (embedded dot) a magnetic impurity. For realistic
(small) hopping of the dot to the rest of the system, an exact relationship
between both conductivities holds. We calculate the temperature dependence for
moderate values of the Coulomb repulsion U using an interpolative perturbative
scheme. For sufficiently large U and temperature greater than the Kondo
temperature, the conductance as a function of gate voltage displays two
extrema.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125030 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission from classical and recurrent-novae observed with ROSAT


  We have analysed 350 pointed and serendipitous observations of 108 different
classical and recurrent novae in outburst and in quiescence, contained in the
ROSAT archive. One aim was to search for super-soft X-ray sources and we found
only 3 of them among post-novae. Thus, the super-soft X-ray phase of novae is
relatively short lived (up to 10 years) and is observed only for up to 20% of
novae.
  Most classical and recurrent novae instead emit hard X-rays (in the ROSAT
band) in the first months after the outburst, with peak X-ray luminosity of a
few times 10(33) erg/s. The emission, which we attribute to shocks in the nova
ejecta, lasts at least 2 years and even much longer under special circumstances
(like preexisting circumstellar material, or a prolonged wind phase).
  We also investigate X-ray emission due to accretion in quiescent novae. Only
11 out of 81 Galactic classical and recurrent novae were detected. The average
X-ray uminosity is not higher than for dwarf novae, and some novae are variable
in X-rays on time scales of years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98389 </DOCNO>
On the existence of completely saturated packings and completely reduced


  A packing by a body $K$ is collection of congruent copies of $K$ (in either
Euclidean or hyperbolic space) so that no two copies intersect nontrivially in
their interiors. A covering by $K$ is a collection of congruent copies of $K$
such that for every point $p$ in the space there is copy in the collection
containing $p$. A completely saturated packing is one in which it is not
possible to replace a finite number of bodies of the packing with a larger
number and still remain a packing. A completely reduced covering is one in
which it is not possible to replace a finite number of bodies of the covering
with a smaller number and still remain a covering. It was conjectured by G.
Fejes Toth, G. Kuperberg, and W. Kuperberg that completely saturated packings
and commpletely reduced coverings exist for every body $K$ in either
$n$-dimensional Euclidean or $n$-dimensional hyperbolic space. We prove this
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149992 </DOCNO>
Clifford spinors and the relativistic point particle


  We examine the structure of the Clifford algebra associated with a Hermitian
bilinear form and apply the result to a dynamical model of the relativistic
point particle. The dynamics of the particle is described by a Dirac spinor
with components in a Clifford algebra. This spinor determines, through the
Clifford algebra, both the space-time coordinates and their conjugate momenta
and satisfies a first order equation of motion which leads to the usual
space-time canonical equations of motion. The constraints appear as the
equations of motion for the einbein and spin connection which are needed to
ensure the reparametrization invariance and local Lorentz invariance of the
action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124268 </DOCNO>
An atlas of mid-infrared dust emission in spiral galaxies


  We present maps of dust emission at 7 microns and 15 microns/7 microns
intensity ratios of selected regions in 43 spiral galaxies observed with
ISOCAM. This atlas is a complement to studies based on these observations,
dealing with star formation in centers of barred galaxies and in spiral disks.
It is accompanied by a detailed description of data reduction and an inventory
of generic morphological properties in groups defined according to bar strength
and HI gas content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74899 </DOCNO>
Quark degrees of freedom in hadronic systems: Partonic distributions


  The role of models in Quantum Chromodynamics is to produce simple physical
pictures that connect the phenomenological regularities with the underlying
structure. The static properties of hadrons have provided experimental input to
define a variety of very succesful Quark Models. We discuss applications of
some of the most widely used of these models to the high energy regime, a
scenario for which they were not proposed. The initial assumption underlying
our presentation will be that gluon and sea bremsstrahlung connect the
constituent quark momentum distributions with the partonic structure functions.
The results obtained are encouraging but lead to the necessity of more complex
structures at the hadronic scale. This initial hypothesis may be relaxed by
introducing some non perturbative model for the constituent quarks. Within this
scheme we will discuss some relevant problems in nucleon structure as seen in
high energy experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168999 </DOCNO>
Environmental Influence on the Measurement Process in Stochastic


  We consider the energy-driven stochastic state vector reduction equation for
the density matrix, which for pure state density matrices can be written in two
equivalent forms. We use these forms to discuss the decoupling of the noise
terms for independent subsystems, and to construct ``environmental'' stochastic
density matrices whose time-independent expectations are the usual quantum
statistical distributions. We then consider a measurement apparatus weakly
coupled to an external environment, and show that in mean field (Hartree)
approximation the stochastic equation separates into independent equations for
the apparatus and environment, with the Hamiltonian for the apparatus augmented
by the environmental expectation of the interaction Hamiltonian. We use the
Hartree approximated equation to study a simple accretion model for the
interaction of the apparatus with its environment, as part of a more general
discussion of when the stochastic dynamics predicts state vector reduction, and
when it predicts the maintenance of coherence. We also discuss the magnitude of
decoherence effects acting during the reduction process. Our analysis supports
the suggestion that a measurement takes place when the different outcomes are
characterized by sufficiently distinct environmental interactions for the
reduction process to be rapidly driven to completion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1395 </DOCNO>
Charge Fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O6+x Superconductors


  Striped phases in which spin and charge separate into different regions in
the material have been proposed to account for the unusual properties of the
high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors. The driving force for a striped phase is
the charge distribution, which self-organizes itself into linear regions. In
the highest $T_c$ materials such regions are not static but fluctuate in time.
Neutrons, having no charge, can not directly observe these fluctuations but
they can be observed indirectly by their effect on the phonons. Neutron
scattering measurements have been made using a specialized technique to study
the phonon line shapes in four crystals with oxygen doping levels varying from
highly underdoped to optimal doping. It is shown that fluctuating charge
stripes exist over the whole doping range, and become visible below
temperatures somewhat higher than the pseudogap temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125905 </DOCNO>
Is the X-ray variable source in M82 due to gravitational lensing ?


  We explore the possibility of attributing the recent discovery of the hard
X-ray variable source CXOM82 J095550.2+694047 in M82 to the gravitational
magnification by an intervening stellar obeject along the line of sight as
microlens. The duration of the event ($>84$ days) allows us to set robust
constraints on the mass and location of the mircolensing object when combined
with the dynamical properties of the Galactic halo, the M82 and typical
globular clusters. Except for the extremely low probablity, the microlensing
magnification by MACHO in either the Galactic halo or the M82 halo is able to
explain the X-ray variability of CXOM82 J095550.2+694047. It is hoped that the
lensing hypothesis can be soon tested by the light curve measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5051 </DOCNO>
Fullerene based devices for molecular electronics


  We have investigated the electronic properties of a C_60 molecule in between
carbon nanotube leads. This problem has been tackled within a quantum chemical
treatment utilizing a density functional theory-based LCAO approach combined
with the Landauer formalism. Owing to low-dimensionality, electron transport is
very sensitive to the strength and geometry of interfacial bonds. Molecular
contact between interfacial atoms and electrodes gives rise to a complex
conductance dependence on the electron energy exhibiting spectral features of
both the molecule and electrodes. These are attributed to the electronic
structure of the C_60 molecule and to the local density of states of the leads,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179684 </DOCNO>
On contribution of three-body forces to $Nd$ interaction at intermediate


  Available data on large-angle nucleon-deuteron elastic scattering $Nd\to dN$
below the pion threshold give a signal for three-body forces. There is a
problem of separation of possible subtle aspects of these forces from off-shell
effects in two-nucleon potentials.
  By considering the main mechanisms of the process, we show qualitatively that
in the quasi-binary reaction $N+d\to (NN)+N$ with the final spin singlet
NN-pair in the S-state the relative contribution of the 3N forces differs
substantially from the elastic channel.
  It gives a new testing ground for the problem in question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74904 </DOCNO>
Muonium hyperfine structure and hadronic effects


  A new result for the hadronic vacuum polarization correction to the muonium
hyperfine splitting (HFS) is presented:
  Delta nu(had - vp) = (0.233 +- 0.003) kHz.
  Compared with previous calculations, the accuracy is improved by using the
latest data on e+e- -> hadrons. The status of the QED prediction for HFS is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97419 </DOCNO>
A Legendrian surgery presentation of contact 3-manifolds


  We prove that every closed, connected contact 3-manifold can be obtained from
the 3-sphere with its standard contact structure by contact surgery of
coefficient plus or minus 1 along a Legendrian link. As a corollary, we derive
a result of Etnyre and Honda about symplectic cobordisms (in slightly stronger
form).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125406 </DOCNO>
Order and chaos in the local disc stellar kinematics induced by the


  (Abridged) The Galactic bar causes a characteristic splitting of the disc
phase space into regular and chaotic orbit regions which is shown to play an
important role in shaping the stellar velocity distribution in the Solar
neighbourhood. A detailed orbital analysis within an analytical 2D rotating
barred potential reveals that this splitting is mainly dictated by the value of
the Hamiltonian H and the bar induced resonances. Test particle and N-body
simulations reveal how the decoupled evolution of the disc distribution
function in the two kind of regions and the process of chaotic mixing lead to
overdensities in the H>H_12 chaotic part of the u-v velocity distributions
outside corotation, where H_12 is the effective potential at the Lagrangian
points L_1/2. In particular, for realistic space positions of the Sun near or
slightly beyond the outer Lindblad resonance and if u is defined positive
towards the anti-centre, the eccentric quasi-periodic orbits trapped around the
stable x1(1) orbits - i.e. the bar-aligned closed orbits which asymptotically
become circular at larger distances - produce a broad u<0 regular arc in
velocity space extending within the H>H_12 zone, whereas the corresponding u>0
region appears as an overdensity of chaotic orbits forced to avoid that arc.
This chaotic overdensity provides an original interpretation, distinct from the
anti-bar elongated quasi-periodic orbit interpretation proposed by Dehnen
(2000), for the prominent stream of high asymmetric drift and predominantly
outward moving stars clearly emerging from the Hipparcos data. The effects of
spiral arms and of molecular clouds are also briefly discussed within this
context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128730 </DOCNO>
Identifying modes in a pulsating sdB (EC14026) star


  We present a preliminary analysis of time series photometry on the pulsating
subdwarf B star PG1336-018 acquired as part of two Whole Earth Telescope runs.
PG1336-018 is a multi-mode pulsator with at least 15 periods centered around
175 seconds. It is also an HW~Vir-type eclipsing binary with a period of 2.4
hours.
  Though over 20 pulsating subdwarf B stars have been discovered, only a few
have resolved temporal spectra and still fewer have identified pulsation modes.
We analyze features unique to the eclipsing binary system of PG1336-018 as a
means of identifying pulsation modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126839 </DOCNO>
12CO(1-0) observations of NGC 4848: a Coma galaxy after stripping


  We study the molecular gas content and distribution in the Coma cluster
spiral galaxy NGC 4848. Plateau de Bure interferometric CO(1-0) observations
reveal a lopsided H_2 distribution with an off-center secondary maximum
coincident with the inner part of the HI. NGC 4848 is not at all deficient in
molecular gas as it contains M_H_2~4x10^9 M_solar. At the interface between the
CO and HI emission regions, about 8 kpc NW of the center, however, strong star
formation is present as witnessed by Halpha and radio continuum emission. This
is the region in which earlier Fabry-Perot observations revealed a
double-peaked Halpha line, indicating gas at two different velocities at the
same sky position. In order to understand these observations, we present the
results of numerical simulations of the ISM-ICM interaction. We suggest that
NGC 4848 already passed through the center of the cluster about 4x10^8 years
ago. At the observed stage ram pressure has no more direct dynamical influence
on the galaxy's ISM. We observe the galaxy when a fraction of the stripped gas
is falling back onto the galaxy. Ram pressure is thus a short-lived event with
longer-lasting consequences. The combination of ram-pressure and rotation
results in gas at different velocities colliding where the double-peaked Halpha
line is observed. Ram-pressure can thus result, after re-accretion, in
displaced molecular gas without the H_2 itself being pushed efficiently by the
ICM. A scenario where two interactions take place simultaneously is also
consistent with the available data but less probable on the basis of our
numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75555 </DOCNO>
The Infrared Boundary of Perturbative QCD


  Evidence is reviewed suggesting that QCD remains a perturbative theory with a
(relatively) small coupling constant down to a distinct infrared boundary on
perturbative physics, a boundary corresponding to the momentum scale associated
with a beta-function pole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125673 </DOCNO>
A Sample of Radius-Expansion Bursters Observed by the BeppoSAX-WFCs


  Since 1996 a monitoring campaign of the Galactic Bulge region has been
performed by the BeppoSAX Wide Field Cameras in the 2-28 keV band. This allowed
accurate and unbiased studies of classes of objects. In particular the type-I
X-ray bursters, whose distribution is concentrated in the monitored sky region,
have been investigated. High luminosity radius-expansion bursts have been
observed from nine sources, allowing to estimate important physical parameters
such as distance, photospheric radius, averaged luminosity and accretion rate.
An overview of these results is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41024 </DOCNO>
Search for Electroweak Production of Single Top Quarks at DZero


  This paper discusses a search for electroweak production of single top quarks
in the electron+jets and muon+jets decay channels. The measurements use ~90
pb^-1 of data from Run 1 of the Fermilab Tevatron collider, collected at 1.8
TeV with the DZero detector. We use events that include a tagging muon,
implying the presence of a b jet, to set an upper limit at the 95% confidence
level on the cross section for the s-channel process ppbar->tb+X of 39 pb. The
upper limit for the t-channel process ppbar->tqb+X is 58 pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97746 </DOCNO>
Trace formulas for a class of compact complex surfaces


  We give the trace formulas of weight $k$ for cocompact, torsion-free discrete
subgroups of $SU(2, 1)$ and prove the analogue of the Riemann hypothesis on
compact complex surfaces $M$ with $c_1^2(M)=3 c_2(M)$, where $c_i(M)$ is the
$i$-th Chern class of $M$, $c_2(M)$ is a multiple of three and $c_2(M)>0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 232 </DOCNO>
Mixed-Parity Superconductivity in Sr2RuO4


  We show that in Sr2RuO4 the Fermi surface geometry as inferred from angle
resolved photoemission experiments has important implications for a pairing
interaction dominated by incommensurate, strongly anisotropic, spin
fluctuations. For a spin fluctuation spectrum consistent with inelastic neutron
scattering experiments the system is close to an accidental degeneracy between
even parity spin singlet and odd parity spin triplet channels. This opens the
possibility of a mixed parity order parameter state in Sr2RuO4. We determine
the stable and metastable order parameter phases at low temperatures and
discuss especially phases with order parameter nodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5811 </DOCNO>
AC-driven quantum spins: resonant enhancement of transverse DC


  We consider s=1/2 spins in the presence of a constant magnetic field in
z-direction and an AC magnetic field in the x-z plane. A nonzero DC
magnetization component in y direction is a result of broken symmetries. A
pairwise interaction between two spins is shown to resonantly increase the
induced magnetization by one order of magnitude. We discuss the mechanism of
this enhancement, which is due to additional avoided crossings in the level
structure of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86934 </DOCNO>
Ricci and Matter inheritance collineations of Robertson-Walker


  It is well known that every Killing vector is a Ricci and Matter
collineation. Therefore the metric, the Ricci tensor and the energy-momentum
tensor are all members of a large family of second order symmetric tensors
which are invariant under a common group of symmetries. This family is
described by a generic metric which is defined from the symmetry group of the
space-time metric. The proper Ricci and Matter (inheritance) collineations are
the (conformal) Killing vectors of the generic metric which are not (conformal)
Killing vectors of the space-time metric. Using this observation we compute the
Ricci and Matter inheritance collineations of the Robertson-Walker space-times
and we determine the Ricci and Matter collineations without any further
calculations. It is shown that these higher order symmetries can be used as
supplementary conditions to produce an equation of state which is compatible
with the Geometry and the Physics of the Robertson-Walker space-times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96030 </DOCNO>
Modular data: the algebraic combinatorics of conformal field theory


  This paper is primarily intended as an introduction for the mathematically
inclined to some of the rich algebraic combinatorics arising in for instance
CFT. It is essentially self-contained, apart from some of the background
motivation and examples which are included to give the reader a sense of the
context. The theory is still a work-in-progress, and emphasis is given here to
several open questions and problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75505 </DOCNO>
CP-violation in the heavy quark systems


  We present a review of general picture in the sector of electroweak symmetry
breaking with the CP-violation in the heavy quark interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99203 </DOCNO>
A bijective proof of the hook-length formula for shifted standard


  We present a bijective proof of the hook-length formula for shifted standard
tableaux of a fixed shape based on a modified jeu de taquin and the ideas of
the bijective proof of the hook-length formula for ordinary standard tableaux
by Novelli, Pak and Stoyanovskii. In their proof Novelli, Pak and Stoyanovskii
define a bijection between arbitrary fillings of the Ferrers diagram with the
integers $1,2,...,n$ and pairs of standard tableaux and hook tabloids. In our
shifted version of their algorithm the map from the set of arbitrary fillings
of the shifted Ferrers diagram onto the set of shifted standard tableaux is
analog to the construction of Novelli, Pak and Stoyanovskii, however, unlike to
their algorithm, we are forced to use the 'rowwise' total order of the cells in
the shifted Ferrers diagram rather than the 'columnwise' total order as the
underlying order in the algorithm. Unfortunately the construction of the
shifted hook tabloid is more complicated in the shifted case. As a side-result
we obtain a simple random algorithm for generating shifted standard tableaux of
a given shape, which produces every such tableau equally likely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76824 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic form factors in the light-front formalism and the


  The connection between the Feynman triangle diagram and the light-front
formalism for spin-0 and spin-1 two-fermion systems is analyzed. It is shown
that in the limit q+ = 0 the form factors for both spin-0 and spin-1 systems
can be uniquely determined using only the good amplitudes, which are not
affected by spurious effects related to the loss of rotational covariance
present in the light-front formalism. At the same time, the unique feature of
the suppression of the pair creation process is maintained. Therefore, a
physically meaningful one-body approximation, in which all the constituents are
on their mass-shells, can be consistently formulated in the limit q+ = 0.
Moreover, it is shown that the effects of the contact term arising from the
instantaneous propagation of the active constituent can be canceled out from
the triangle diagram by means of an appropriate choice of the off-shell
behavior of the bound state vertexes; this implies that in case of good
amplitudes the Feynman triangle diagram and the one-body light-front result
match exactly. The application of our covariant light-front approach to the
evaluation of the rho-meson elastic form factors is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124098 </DOCNO>
Properties of Globular Cluster Systems in Nearby Early-type Galaxies


  We present a study of globular clusters (GCs) in 17 relatively nearby
early-type galaxies, based on deep HST/WFPC2 F555W and F814W images. We compare
color distributions, cluster sizes and luminosity functions with those of GCs
in the Milky Way. In nearly all cases, a KMM test returns a high confidence
level for the hypothesis that a sum of two Gaussians provides a better fit to
the observed color distribution than a single Gaussian, although histograms of
the V-I distribution are not always obviously bimodal. The blue and red peak
colors both correlate with absolute host galaxy B band magnitude and central
velocity dispersion (at about the 2-3 sigma level), but we see no clear
correlation with host galaxy V-I or J-K color. Red GCs are generally smaller
than blue GCs by about 20%. The size difference is seen at all radii and exists
also in the Milky Way and Sombrero (M104) spiral galaxies. Fitting t5 functions
to the luminosity functions of blue and red GC populations separately, we find
that the V-band turn-over of the blue GCs is generally brighter than that of
the red ones by about 0.3 mag, as expected if the two GC populations have
similar ages and mass distributions but different metallicities. Brighter than
M_V ~ -7.5, the luminosity functions (LFs) are well approximated by power-laws
with an exponent of about -1.75. This is similar to the LF for young star
clusters, suggesting that young and old globular clusters form by the same
basic mechanism. We discuss scenarios for GC formation and conclude that our
data appear to favor ``in-situ'' models in which all GCs in a galaxy formed
after the main body of the proto-galaxy had assembled into a single potential
well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95560 </DOCNO>
The Gauss-Manin connection on the Hodge structures


  Pour tout sch\'ema simplicial complexe $X_{\bullet}$ il existe une
application canonique $\nabla:H^{\ast}(X_{\bullet})\longrightarrow
\Omega^1_{{\mathbb C}/{\mathbb Q}}\otimes H^{\ast}(X_{\bullet})$, appel\'ee la
connexion de Gau\ss-Manin. Nous montrons qu'il existe une unique connexion
fonctorielle sur toute structure de Hodge-Tate mixte ayant certaines
propri\'et\'es de la connexion de Gau\ss-Manin. Cette connexion n'est pas
int\'egrable en g\'en\'eral, et alors son int\'egrabilit\'e est une condition
non triviale pour qu'une structure de Hodge soit g\'eom\'etrique.
  Dans des cas particuliers, je donne des formules explicites pour la connexion
de Gau\ss-Manin sur la cohomologie singuli\`ere des vari\'et\'es alg\'ebriques
sur ${\mathbb C}$ dans les termes de la structure de Hodge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7504 </DOCNO>
Zurek-Kibble domain structures: The Dynamics of Spontaneous Vortex


  Phase transitions executed in a finite time show a domain structure with
defects, that has been argued by Zurek and Kibble to depend in a characteristic
way on the quench rate. In this letter we present an experiment to measure the
Zurek-Kibble scaling exponent $\sigma$. Using symmetric and long Josephson
Tunnel Junctions, for which the predicted index is $\sigma =0.25$, we find
$\sigma =0.27\pm 0.05$. Further, there is agreement with the ZK prediction for
the overall normalisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4740 </DOCNO>
Low Energy Behaviour of XXZ Antiferromagnetic Spin Chain


  Zero temperature phase diagram of XXZ spin chain in external magnetic field
is investigated at low energies using path integral approach.It has been shown
by spin wave analysis and then by nonlinear sigma model transformation that
below some critical field the system undergoes quantum Kosterlitz-Thouless
phase transition.Above that critical field for low anisotropies the system is
saturated while at strong anisotropy the system has Ising antiferromagnetic
order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4902 </DOCNO>
Virial coefficients from 2+1 dimensional QED effective actions at finite


  From spinor and scalar 2+1 dimensional QED effective actions at finite
temperature and density in a constant magnetic field background we calculate
the corresponding virial coefficients for particles in the lowest Landau level.
These coefficients depend on an arbitrary parameter $\theta$ related to the
time-component of the gauge field, which plays an essential role for large
gauge invariance. The parameter $\theta$ might lead to a continuous
interpolation between fermionic and bosonic coefficients when the cluster
coefficients are conveniently renormalized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74029 </DOCNO>
Threshold eta and eta' electroproduction off nucleons


  The electroproduction of eta and eta' mesons on the proton and the neutron is
investigated at tree level within the framework of U(3) chiral perturbation
theory. In addition to the Born terms low-lying resonances such as the vector
mesons and J^P= 1/2^+, 1/2^- baryon resonances are included explicitly and
their contributions are calculated. Results for the separated differential
cross sections are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5546 </DOCNO>
Coexistence of bond-order wave and antiferromagnetism in a


  The two-dimensional Peierls-Hubbard model is studied at half-filling within
both Hartree-Fork and Kotliar-Ruckenstein slave-boson theory. The interplay
between two types of long-range order, bond-order wave (BOW) and
antiferromagnetism (AFM), is analysed for two representative dimerization
patterns, corresponding both to the same wavevector $(\pi,\pi)$. For each
pattern, the Peierls dimerization (and associated BOW) is weakened and finally
suppressed with increasing Hubbard on-site interaction, and correspondingly AFM
is gradually enhanced. In particular, a coexistence regime with both BOW and
AFM order is established in the parameter space of electron-lattice and Hubbard
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124892 </DOCNO>
The Equilibrium Structure of Cosmological Halos


  We have derived an analytical model for the postcollapse equilibrium
structure of cosmological halos as nonsingular truncated isothermal spheres
(TIS) and compared this model with observations and simulations of cosmological
halos on all scales. Our model is in good agreement with the observations of
the internal structure of dark-matter-dominated halos from dwarf galaxies to
X-ray clusters. It reproduces many of the average properties of halos in CDM
simulations to good accuracy, including the density profiles outside the
central region, while avoiding the possible discrepancy at small radii between
observed galaxy and cluster density profiles and the singular density profiles
predicted by N-body simulations of the CDM model. While much attention has been
focused lately on this possible discrepancy, we show that the observed galaxy
rotation curves and correlations of halo properties nevertheless contain
valuable additional information with which to test the theory, despite this
uncertainty at small radii. The available data allows us to constrain the
fundamental cosmological parameters and also to put a unique constraint on the
primordial density fluctuation power spectrum at large wavenumbers (i.e. small
mass scale).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126709 </DOCNO>
A SCUBA Scanmap of the HDF: Measuring the bright end of the sub-mm


  Using the 850 micron SCUBA camera on the JCMT and a scanning technique
different from other sub-mm surveys, we have obtained a 125 square arcminute
map centered on the Hubble Deep Field. The one-sigma sensitivity to point
sources is roughly 3 mJy and thus our map probes the brighter end of the sub-mm
source counts. We find 6 sources with a flux greater than about 12 mJy (>4
sigma) and, after a careful accounting of incompleteness and flux bias,
estimate the integrated density of bright sources N(>12 mJy)= 164 (+77/-58) per
square degree (68 per cent confidence bounds).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6771 </DOCNO>
Effect of nonstationarities on detrended fluctuation analysis


  Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is a scaling analysis method used to
quantify long-range power-law correlations in signals. Many physical and
biological signals are ``noisy'', heterogeneous and exhibit different types of
nonstationarities, which can affect the correlation properties of these
signals. We systematically study the effects of three types of
nonstationarities often encountered in real data. Specifically, we consider
nonstationary sequences formed in three ways: (i) stitching together segments
of data obtained from discontinuous experimental recordings, or removing some
noisy and unreliable parts from continuous recordings and stitching together
the remaining parts -- a ``cutting'' procedure commonly used in preparing data
prior to signal analysis; (ii) adding to a signal with known correlations a
tunable concentration of random outliers or spikes with different amplitude,
and (iii) generating a signal comprised of segments with different properties
-- e.g. different standard deviations or different correlation exponents. We
compare the difference between the scaling results obtained for stationary
correlated signals and correlated signals with these three types of
nonstationarities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83703 </DOCNO>
Complexity Results and Practical Algorithms for Logics in Knowledge


  Description Logics (DLs) are used in knowledge-based systems to represent and
reason about terminological knowledge of the application domain in a
semantically well-defined manner. In this thesis, we establish a number of
novel complexity results and give practical algorithms for expressive DLs that
provide different forms of counting quantifiers.
  We show that, in many cases, adding local counting in the form of qualifying
number restrictions to DLs does not increase the complexity of the inference
problems, even if binary coding of numbers in the input is assumed. On the
other hand, we show that adding different forms of global counting restrictions
to a logic may increase the complexity of the inference problems dramatically.
  We provide exact complexity results and a practical, tableau based algorithm
for the DL SHIQ, which forms the basis of the highly optimized DL system iFaCT.
  Finally, we describe a tableau algorithm for the clique guarded fragment
(CGF), which we hope will serve as the basis for an efficient implementation of
a CGF reasoner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96703 </DOCNO>
Computational Experiments with Abs Algorithms for Overdetermined Linear


  The results of computational experiments with ABS algorithms for
overdetermined linear systems are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75181 </DOCNO>
Prediction of Three-body $B^0\to \rho^-p\bar{n}, \pi^-p\bar{n}$ Decay


  We predict the rates of the charmless three-body $B^0\to \rho^-p\bar{n}$ and
$\pi^-p\bar{n}$ modes due to weak vector current contributions to be $\sim
4\times 10^{-6}$ and $2\times 10^{-6}$, respectively. The basis is a
factorization approach of current produced nucleon pairs, together with an
isospin transformation that relates nucleon weak vector form factors to
electromagnetic form factors. Adding the axial vector current contribution, we
find $B^0\to \rho^-p\bar{n}$ and $B^+\to \rho^0p\bar{n}$ to be at $10^{-5}$
order. The three-body modes appear to dominate over the two-body modes such as
$B\to p\bar{p}$, $p\bar \Lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3743 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy of Quasiparticle Lifetimes and the Role of Disorder for


  Femtosecond time-resolved photoemission of photoexcited electrons in highly
oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) provides strong evidence for anisotropies of
quasiparticle (QP) lifetimes. Indicative of such anisotropies is a pronounced
anomaly in the energy dependence of QP lifetimes between 1.1 eV and 1.5 eV -
the vicinity of a saddle point in the graphite bandstructure. This is supported
by recent ab initio calculations and a comparison with experiments on
defect-enriched HOPG which reveal that disorder, e.g. defects or phonons,
increases electron energy relaxation rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72822 </DOCNO>
Chiral multiplets versus parity doublets in highly excited baryons


  It has recently been suggested that the parity doublet structure seen in the
spectrum of highly excited baryons may be due to effective chiral restoration
for these states. We argue how the idea of chiral symmetry restoration high in
the spectrum is consistent with the concept of quark-hadron duality. If chiral
symmetry is effectively restored for highly-lying states, then the baryons
should fall into representations of $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R$ that are compatible
with the given parity of the states - the parity-chiral multiplets. We classify
all possible parity-chiral multiplets: (i) $(1/2,0)\oplus(0, 1/2)$ that contain
parity doublet for nucleon spectrum;(ii) $(3/2,0) \oplus (0, 3/2)$ consists of
the parity doublet for delta spectrum; (iii) $(1/2,1) \oplus (1, 1/2)$ contains
one parity doublet in the nucleon spectrum and one parity doublet in the delta
spectrum of the same spin that are degenerate in mass. Here we show that the
available spectroscopic data for nonstrange baryons in the $\sim$ 2 GeV range
is consistent with all possibilities, but the approximate degeneracy of parity
doublets in nucleon and delta spectra support the latter possibility with
excited baryons approximately falling into $(1/2,1) \oplus (1, 1/2)$
representation of $SU(2)_L\timesSU(2)_R$ with approximate degeneracy between
positive and negative parity $N$ and $\Delta$ resonances of the same spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4387 </DOCNO>
Exact solution of the multi-component Falicov-Kimball model in infinite


  The exact solution for the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of the
infinite-dimensional multi-component Falicov-Kimball model for arbitrary
concentration of d- and f-electrons is presented. The emphasis is on a
descriptive derivation of important physical quantities by the equation of
motion technique. We provide a thorough discussion of the f-electron Green
function and of the susceptibility to spontaneous hybridization. The solutions
are used to illustrate different physical systems ranging from the
high-temperature phase of the YbInCu4 family of materials to an examination of
classical intermediate valence systems that can develop a spontaneous
hybridization at T=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95527 </DOCNO>
Resolutions of fat point ideals involving 8 general points of P2


  The main result provides an algorithm for determining the minimal free
resolution of ideals of fat point subschemes of ${\bf P}^2$ involving up to 8
general points with arbitrary multiplicities; the results hold over
algebraically closed fields of any characteristic. The algorithm, which works
by giving a formula in certain cases and a reduction to these cases otherwise,
does not involve Gr\"obner bases, and so is very fast, even for very large
multiplicities. Partial information is also obtained in certain cases with
$n>8$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75931 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the Fayet-Iliopoulos Term in Softly Broken SUSY Gauge


  It is shown that renormalization of the Fayet-Iliopoulos term in a softly
broken SUSY gauge theory, in full analogy with all the other soft terms
renormalizations, is completely defined in a rigid or an unbroken theory.
However, contrary to the other soft renormalizations, there is no simple
differential operator that acts on the renormalization functions of a rigid
theory and allows one to get the renormalization of the F-I term. One needs an
analysis of the superfield diagrams and some additional diagram calculations in
components. The method is illustrated by the four loop calculation of some part
of renormalization proportional to the soft scalar masses and the soft triple
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3033 </DOCNO>
The electronic specific heat in the pairing pseudogap regime


  When pairing correlations in a quasi two dimensional electron system induce a
pseudogap in the single particle density of states, the specific heat must also
contain a sizeable pair contribution. The theoretically calculated specific
heat for such a system is compared to the experimental results of Loram and his
collaborators for underdoped YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} and La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_4 samples.
The size and doping dependence of the extracted pseudogap energy scale for both
materials is comparable to the values obtained from a variety of other
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113367 </DOCNO>
Determination of apparent activating energy of solubilizing MLV-DPPC and


  It were determinated the apparent activating energy of
dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) multilamellar liposome (MLV) solubilizing
with sodium deoxycholate (DOCNa) by turbidi-metric measurements and the
apparent activating energy of egg-yolk lecithin (EYL)- MLV solubilizing with
different surfactants (DOCNa, TX-100, CTMB) by rectangular optic
diffu-si-met-ric measurements. The apparent activating energy of MLV-DPPC
solubilizing with DOCNa is Ea = 127.7kJ/mol. The apparent activating energy of
MLV-EYL solubilizing with cetyl-trimet-hylamonium bromide (CTMB) is 22.3kJ/mol
and with DOCNa is 47.3kJ/mol (average value) and with Triton X-100 is
99.3kJ/mol. On the basis of the above data it can be said that besides the
utilisation of the liposomes in the modelling of cellular membranes, they can
be used as experimental models, too, in order to investigate the solubilization
capacity of surfactants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149033 </DOCNO>
Effects of singular external fields and boundary condition on the vacuum


  Effects of the configuration of an external static magnetic field in the form
of a singular vortex on the vacuum of a quantized massless spinor field are
studied. The most general boundary conditions at the punctured singular point
which make the twodimensional Dirac Hamiltonian to be self-adjoint are
employed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5664 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of the superfluid dilute Bose gas with disorder


  We generalize the Beliaev-Popov diagrammatic technique for the problem of
interacting dilute Bose gas with weak disorder. Averaging over disorder is
implemented by the replica method. Low energy asymptotic form of the Green
function confirms that the low energy excitations of the superfluid dirty Boson
system are sound waves with velocity renormalized by the disorder and
additional dissipation due to the impurity scattering. We find the
thermodynamic potential and the superfluid density at any temperature below the
superfluid transition temperature and derive the phase diagram in temperature
vs. disorder plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96485 </DOCNO>
Coupling and Bernoullicity in random-cluster and Potts models


  An explicit coupling construction of random-cluster measures is presented. As
one of the applications of the construction, the Potts model on amenable Cayley
graphs is shown to exhibit at every temperature the mixing property known as
Bernoullicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75388 </DOCNO>
Quantum Numbers of AGUT Higgs Fields from the Quark-Lepton Spectrum


  A series of Higgs field quantum numbers in the anti-grand unification model,
based on the gauge group $SMG^3 \times U(1)_f$, is tested against the spectrum
of quark and lepton masses and mixing angles. A more precise formulation of the
statement that the couplings are assumed of order unity is given. It is found
that the corrections coming from this more precise assumption do not contain
factors of order of the number of colours, $N_c= 3$, as one could have feared.
We also include a combinatorial correction factor, taking account of the
distinct internal orderings within the chain Feynman diagrams in our
statistical estimates. Strictly speaking our model predicts that the
uncertainty in its predictions and thus the accuracy of our fits should be $\pm
60\%$. Many of the best fitting quantum numbers give a higher accuracy fit to
the masses and mixing angles, although within the expected fluctuations in a
$\chi^2$. This means that our fit is as good as it can possibly be.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98811 </DOCNO>
Differential Geometrical Methods for Deriving Dirac's Equation in Curved


  Differential geomtrical methods for deriving the Dirac equation in Curved
Spacetime are presented. Einstein's field equation is applied in a novel
manner; in the most current standard reference, Birrell and Davies, 1994 [1],
the suggestions for deriving the Dirac equation in Curved Spacetime make no
mention of employing Einstein's field equation. Thus, to date, the literature
on the derivation of the Dirac equation could not include an expression for the
presence of matter. This lack is consistent with earlier publications,
including Lichnerowicz's well-known 1964 journal article [3], which presented
the first such derivation, and Dimock's 1982 article [2]. The new differential
geometrical methods go beyond all previous suggestions, which only apply to
cases in the absence of matter. These differential geometrical methods have
resulted in derivations of the Dirac equation in Curved Spacetime that apply to
either the presence or absence of matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76179 </DOCNO>
On the Global Anisotropy of Cosmic Ray Data above $4 \times 10^{19}eV$


  The distribution of arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays may
yield clues to their mysterious origin. We introduce a method of invariant
statistics to analyze cosmic ray data which eliminates coordinate-dependent
artifacts. When combined with maximum likelihood analysis, the method is
capable of quantifying deviations of the distribution from isotropy with high
reliability. We test our method against published AGASA events with energies
above $4 \times 10^{19} eV$. Angular cuts from observational limitations are
taken into account. A model based on the Fisher distribution reveals the
rotation of the Earth with the axis $\hat n$ along the direction ($5^h 53.36^m,
85.78^{\circ}$) in $RA,DEC$ coordinates, which is within $5^{\circ}$ of the
equatorial north pole. Global anisotropy of the data, if any, hinges on finer
understanding of detector acceptance than what is available from the published
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 672 </DOCNO>
Individual and Multi Vortex Pinning in Systems with Periodic Pinning


  We examine multi and individual vortex pinning in thin superconductors with
periodic pinning arrays. For multi-vortex pinning we observe peaks in the
critical current of equal magnitude at every matching field, while for
individual vortex pinning we observe a sharp drop in the critical current after
the first matching field in agreement with experiments. We examine the scaling
of the critical current at commensurate and incommensurate fields for varied
pinning strength and show that the depinning force at incommensurate fields
decreases faster than at the commensurate fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96312 </DOCNO>
On the Genus of a Random Riemann Surface


  Brooks and Makover introduced an approach to random Riemann surfaces based on
associating a dense set of them - Belyi surfaces - with random cubic graphs. In
this paper, using Bollobas model for random regular graphs, we examine the
topological structure of these surfaces, obtaining in particular an estimate
for the expected value of their genus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113713 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of the Thermodynamics of Hydrophobic Solvation Based on


  A comprehensive, semi-quantitative model for the thermodynamics of
hydrophobic solvation is presented. The model is based on a very simple premise
suggested by the scaled particle theory and treats both solute and solvent
molecules as hard spheres. A connection between the peculiarly large
heat-capacity change for hydrophobic solvation and the large temperature
dependence of the thermal expansivity of water is found. Analysis reveals a
possible physical origin for the converging behavior of solvation entropies for
a series of homologous hydrophobic compounds. The model suggests that the low
solubility and the large heat-capacity change of hydrophobic solvation stem
from two distinct aspects of water molecules: the static geometry of the
molecule and the dynamic hydrogen bonding network, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169384 </DOCNO>
Observable Dirac-type singularities in Berry's phase and the monopole


  The physical reality and observability of 2n\pi Berry phases, as opposed to
the usually considered modulo 2\pi topological phases is demonstrated with the
help of computer simulation of a model adiabatic evolution whose parameters are
varied along a closed loop in the parameter space. Using the analogy of Berry's
phase with the Dirac monopole, it is concluded that an interferometer loop
taken around a magnetic monopole of strength n/2 yields an observable 2n\pi
phase shift, where n is an integer. An experiment to observe the effect is
proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95739 </DOCNO>
A Hilbert C*-module for Gabor systems


  We construct Hilbert $C^*$-modules useful for studying Gabor systems and show
that they are Banach algebras under pointwise multiplication. For rational
$ab<1$ we prove that the set of functions $g \in L^2(R)$ so that $(g,a,b)$ is a
Bessel system is an ideal for the Hilbert $C^*$-module given this pointwise
algebraic structure. This allows us to give a multiplicative perturbation
theorem for frames. Finally we show that a system $(g,a,b)$ yields a frame for
$L^2(R)$ iff it is a modular frame for the given Hilbert $C^*$-module.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97205 </DOCNO>
Obstructions to Deformations of DG Modules


  Let k be a field and n > 0. There exists a DG k-module (V,d) and various
approximations d + t d_1 + t^2 d_2 + ... + t^n d_n to a differential on V[[t]],
one of which is a non-trivial deformation, another is obstructed, and another
is unobstructed at order n. The analogous problem in the category of k-algebras
in characteristic zero remains a long-standing open question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114382 </DOCNO>
Using A Nameserver to Enhance Control System Efficiency


  The Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) control
system uses a nameserver to reduce system response time and to minimize the
impact of client name resolution on front-end computers. The control system is
based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), which
uses name-based broadcasts to initiate data communication. By default, when
EPICS process variables (PV) are requested by client applications, all
front-end computers receive the broadcasts and perform name resolution
processing against local channel name lists. The nameserver is used to offload
the name resolution task to a single node. This processing, formerly done on
all front-end computers, is now done only by the nameserver. In a control
system with heavily loaded front-end computers and high peak client connection
loads, a significant performance improvement is seen. This paper describes the
name server in more detail, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of
making name resolution a centralized service.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40978 </DOCNO>
Recent theoretical developments in CP violation


  We review recent suggestions for testing through B decays the flavor
structure of CP violation in the Standard Model. Relative signs of CP
asymmetries in U-spin related processes can by themselves test the
Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism in a crude manner. Ratios of charge-averaged decay
rates and certain CP asymmetries may constrain tightly the weak phases
$\gamma=\phi_3$ and $\alpha=\phi_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128273 </DOCNO>
A New Evolutionary Picture for CVs and LMXBs II. The Impact of


  Depending on the outcome of pre-CV formation, mass transfer may set in under
thermally unstable conditions in a significant number of systems. Full
computations have shown that such an early phase of thermal-timescale mass
transfer usually leads to ordinary looking CVs, but these do also show some
unusual properties (e.g. chemical anomalies in later stages).
  Rather than investigating the common envelope evolution leading to pre-CVs,
we study the properties of multiple evolutionary tracks starting with a phase
of thermal-timescale mass transfer. Apart from fitting unusual CVs (like AE
Aqr), global properties of the CV population as a whole give indications that
this is indeed the channel where many CVs come from.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5219 </DOCNO>
Effects of Spin Polarization on Electron Transport in Modulation Doped


  We examine and identify magnetoresistance mechanisms in 2D system containing
a sizable concentration of magnetic ions. We argue that some of these
mechanisms can serve as a tool to measure spin polarization. Lack of spin
degeneracy and enhanced localization make it possible to detect an additional
QHE plateau associated with extended states floating-up in vanishing magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129437 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray burst beaming: a universal configuration with a standard


  We consider a gamma-ray burst (GRB) model based on an anisotropic fireball
with an axisymmetric power-law distribution of the energy per solid angle with
index -k, and allow for the observer's viewing direction being at an arbitrary
angle with respect to the jet axis. This model can reproduce the key features
expected from the conventional on-axis uniform jet models, with the novelty
that the achromatic break time in the broadband afterglow lightcurves
corresponds to the epoch when the relativistic beaming angle is equal to the
viewing angle rather than to the jet half opening angle. If all the GRB
fireballs have such a similar energy distribution form with 1.5 < k < (or \sim)
2, GRBs may be modeled by a quasi-universal beaming configuration, and an
approximately standard energy reservoir. The conclusion also holds for some
other forms of angular energy distributions, such as the Gaussian function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72461 </DOCNO>
Simulations of R-parity Violating SUSY Models


  In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in R-parity violating
supersymmetric models. We explain the motivation for studying these models and
explore the various phenomenological consequences of R-parity violation. It has
become essential for the experimental study of any new model to have a Monte
Carlo event generator which includes the processes predicted by that model. We
review the techniques used in the construction of these simulations and show
how we have extended the HERWIG event generator to include R-parity violating
processes. We discuss how to treat the emission of QCD radiation in these
processes including colour coherence effects via the angular-ordered parton
shower.
  We then make use of this simulation to investigate the discovery potential
for resonant slepton production, via either supersymmetric gauge or R-parity
violating decay modes, in hadron-hadron collisions. Finally, we look at the
possibility that the KARMEN time anomaly can be explained by the existence of a
light neutralino which is produced and decays via R-parity violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 591 </DOCNO>
Kinetic energy functional for Fermi vapors in spherical harmonic


  Two equations are constructed which reflect, for fermions moving
independently in a spherical harmonic potential, a differential virial theorem
and a relation between the turning points of kinetic energy and particle
densities. These equations are used to derive a differential equation for the
particle density and a non-local kinetic energy functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168708 </DOCNO>
Communicating a direction using spin states


  The communication of directions using quantum states is a useful laboratory
test for some basic facts of quantum information. For a system of spin-1/2
particles there are different quantum states that can encode directions. This
information can later be decoded by means of a generalized measurement. In this
talk we present the optimal strategies under different assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73888 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Symmetry Broken Condition in (De)Constructing Dimensions


  In this short report, a brief introduction to Arkani-Hamed, Cohen, Georgi
model (ACG-model, (de)constructing dimensions model), whose main characters are
that extra-dimensional space-time are generated dynamically from a
four-dimensional gauge theory and that extra dimensions are lattices, will be
given first. Then after a concise review of NCG on cyclic groups, actions for
gauge fields along extra dimensions will be constructed by virtue of NCG and
classical (vacuum) solutions will be solved, with low energy phenomenology
being classified accordingly. As a conclusion, the behavior of spontaneous
symmetry broken within ACG-model can be determined by noncommutative Yang-Mills
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169407 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Concentration Using Quantum Statistics


  We propose an entanglement concentration scheme which uses only the effects
of quantum statistics of indistinguishable particles. This establishes the fact
that useful quantum information processing can be accomplished by quantum
statistics alone. Due to the basis independence of statistical effects, our
protocol requires less knowledge of the initial state than most entanglement
concentration schemes. Moreover, no explicit controlled operation is required
at any stage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97993 </DOCNO>
Genus 2 fields with degree 3 elliptic subfields


  In this paper we study genus 2 function fields K with degree 3 elliptic
subfields. We show that the number of Aut(K)-classes of such subfields of K is
0,1,2, or 4. Also we compute an equation for the locus of such K in the moduli
space of genus 2 curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168642 </DOCNO>
The Pegg-Barnett Formalism and Covariant Phase Observables


  We compare the Pegg-Barnett (PB) formalism with the covariant phase
observable approach to the problem of quantum phase and show that PB-formalism
gives essentially the same results as the canonical (covariant) phase
observable. We also show that PB-formalism can be extended to cover all
covariant phase observables including the covariant phase observable arising
from the angle margin of the Husimi Q-function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3752 </DOCNO>
Universality Class of Discrete Solid-on-Solid Limited Mobility


  We investigate, using the noise reduction technique, the asymptotic
universality class of the well-studied nonequilibrium limited mobility
atomistic solid-on-solid surface growth models introduced by Wolf and Villain
(WV) and Das Sarma and Tamborenea (DT) in the context of kinetic surface
roughening in ideal molecular beam epitaxy. We find essentially all the earlier
conclusions regarding the universality class of DT and WV models to be severely
hampered by slow crossover and extremely long lived transient effects. We
identify the correct asymptotic universality class(es) which differs from
earlier conclusions in several instances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4223 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory Size-Dependence of the Surface Plasmon Linewidth in Metallic


  We study the linewidth of the surface plasmon resonance in the optical
absorption spectrum of metallic nanoparticles, where the decay into
electron-hole pairs is the dominant channel. Within a semiclassical approach,
we find that the electron-hole density-density correlation oscillates as a
function of the size of the particles, leading to oscillations of the
linewidth. This result is confirmed numerically for alkali and noble metal
particles. While the linewidth can increase strongly, the oscillations persist
when the particles are embedded in a matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40697 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Physics Results from LEP2


  At LEP2 many Standard Model predictions are tested up to centre-of-mass
energies of 209 GeV. Fermion pair production cross sections and asymmetries
agree well with the theoretical expectation over the entire energy range. The
measurements are used to determine the gamma/Z interference and to search for
contact interactions up to 20 TeV. The cross sections for single-W, ZZ and W+W-
production agree well with the expectations. The branching fractions of the W
boson into hadrons and leptons are determined as well as the CKM matrix element
|V_{cs}|. Precise measurements of the W mass and width are presented yielding
MW=80.427+-0.046 GeV and GammaW=2.12=_0.11 GeV. All electroweak data are very
consistent with the Standard Model predictions. In a combined fit using the
recent value of Delta alpha_{had}^(5)(s) the mass of the Higgs boson is
constrained to MH=88^{+60}_{-37} GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7250 </DOCNO>
The differential sum rule for the relaxation rate in the cuprates


  Motivated by recent experiments by Basov {\it et al}, we study the
differential sum rule for the effective scattering rate $1/\tau (\omega)$. We
show that in a dirty BCS superconductor, the area under $1/\tau (\omega)$ does
not change between the normal and the superconducting states.
 For magnetically mediated pairing, similar result holds between $T<T_c$ and $T
\geq T_c$, while in the pseudogap phase,
 $1/\tau (\omega)$ is just suppressed compared to $1/\tau(\omega)$ in the
normal state. We argue that this violation of the differential sum rule is due
to the fact that low-energy fermions in the pseudogap phase are still
incoherent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95938 </DOCNO>
Correspondence spaces and twistor spaces for parabolic geometries


  For a given semi-simple Lie group $G$ with parabolic subgroups $Q\subset
P\subset G$, we associate to any parabolic geometry of type $(G,P)$ on a smooth
manifold $N$ the correspondence space $\Cal CN$, which is the total space of a
fiber bundle with fiber a generalized flag manifold over $N$ and construct a
canonical parabolic geometry of type $(G,Q)$ on $\Cal CN$.
  Conversely, for a parabolic geometry of type $(G,Q)$ on a smooth manifold
$M$, we construct a canonical distribution corresponding to $P$, and find the
exact conditions for its integrability. If these conditions are satisfied, then
we define the twistor space $N$ as a local leaf space of the corresponding
foliation. We find equivalent conditions for the existence of a parabolic
geometry of type $(G,P)$ on the twistor space $N$ such that $M$ is locally
isomorphic to the correspondence space $\Cal CN$, thus obtaining a complete
local characterization of correspondence spaces.
  We show that all these constructions preserve the subclass of normal
parabolic geometries (which are determined by some underlying geometrical
structure) and that in the regular normal case, all characterizations can be
expressed in terms of the harmonic parts of the curvature of the Cartan
connection, which is relatively easy to handle. Several examples are discussed
and applications are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5539 </DOCNO>
A Multi-Species Asymmetric Exclusion Model with an Impurity


  A multi-species generalization of the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process
(ASEP) has been considered in the presence of a single impurity on a ring. The
model describes particles hopping in one direction with stochastic dynamics and
hard core exclusion condition. The ordinary particles hop forward with their
characteristic hopping rates and fast particles can overtake slow ones with a
relative rate. The impurity, which is the slowest particle in the ensemble of
particles on the ring, hops in the same direction of the ordinary particles
with its intrinsic hopping rate and can be overtaken by ordinary particles with
a rate which is not necessarily a relative rate. We will show that the phase
diagram of the model can be obtained exactly. It turns out that the phase
structure of the model depends on the density distribution function of the
ordinary particles on the ring so that it can have either four phases or only
one. The mean speed of impurity and also the total current of the ordinary
particles are explicitly calculated in each phase. Using Monte Carlo
simulation, the density profile of the ordinary particles is also obtained. The
simulation data confirm all of the analytical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41468 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the branching fractions for psi(2S)-->e+e- and


  We measure the branching fractions of the psi(2S) meson to the leptonic final
states e+e- and mu+mu- relative to that for psi(2S)-->J/psi pi+pi-. The method
uses psi(2S) mesons produced in the decay of B mesons at the Upsilon(4S)
resonance in a data sample collected with the BABAR detector at the Stanford
Linear Accelerator Center. Using previous measurements for the psi(2S)-->J/psi
pi+pi- branching fraction, we determine the e+e- and mu+mu- branching fractions
to be 0.0078+/-0.0009+/-0.0008 and 0.0067+/-0.0008+/-0.0007 respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128957 </DOCNO>
7Be(p,gamma)8B astrophysical S-factor from precision cross section


  We measured the 7Be(p,gamma)8B cross section from E_cm = 186 to 1200 keV,
with a statistical-plus-systematic precision per point of better than +- 5%.
All important systematic errors were measured including 8B backscattering
losses. We obtain S_17(0) = 22.3 +- 0.7(expt) +- 0.5(theor) eV-b from our data
at E_cm <= 300 keV and the theory of Descouvemont and Baye.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127500 </DOCNO>
A blind HI survey of the M81 group


  Results are presented of the first blind HI survey of the M81 group of
galaxies. The data were taken as part of the HI Jodrell All Sky Survey
(HIJASS). The survey reveals several new aspects to the complex morphology of
the HI distribution in the group. All four of the known dwarf irregular (dIrr)
galaxies close to M81 can be unambiguously seen in the HIJASS data. Each forms
part of the complex tidal structure in the area. We suggest that at least three
of these galaxies may have formed recently from the tidal debris in which they
are embedded. The structure connecting M81 to NGC2976 is revealed as a single
tidal bridge of mass approx. 2.1 x 10^8 Msol and projected spatial extent
approx. 80 kpc. Two `spurs' of HI projecting from the M81 complex to lower
declinations are traced over a considerably larger spatial and velocity extent
than by previous surveys. The dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies BK5N and Kar 64
lie at the spatial extremity of one of these features and appear to be
associated with it. We suggest that these may be the remnants of dIrrs which
has been stripped of gas and transmuted into dEs by close gravitational
encounters with NGC3077. The nucleated dE galaxy Kar 61 is unambiguously
detected in HI for the first time and has an HI mass of approx.10^8 Msol,
further confirming it as a dE/dIrr transitional object. HIJASS has revealed one
new possible group member, HIJASS J1021+6842. This object contains approx. 2 x
10^7 Msol of HI and lies approx.105arcmin from IC2574. It has no optical
counterpart on the Digital Sky Survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76649 </DOCNO>
On the structure of the pion: A QCD--inspired point of view


  The effective interaction between a quark and an anti-quark as obtained
previously with by the method of iterated resolvents is replaced by the so
called up-down-model and applied to flavor off-diagonal mesons including the
pion. The only free parameters are those of canonical quantum chromo-dynamics
(QCD), particularly the coupling constant and the masses of the quarks. The so
obtained light-cone wave function can be used to calculate the pion's form
factor, particularly its mean-square radius can be computed analytically. The
results allow for the exciting conclusion that the pion is built by highly
relativistic constituents, in strong contrast to composite systems like atoms
or nuclei with non-relativistic constituents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1910 </DOCNO>
Dendritic magnetic instability in superconducting MgB2 films


  Magneto-opitcal studies of a c-oriented epitaxial MgB2 film show that below
10 K the global penetration of vortices is dominated by complex dendritic
structures abruptly entering the film. We suggest that the observed behavior is
due to a thermo-magnetic instability which is supported by vortex dynamics
simulations. The instability is also responsible for large fluctuations in the
magnetization curves in MgB2 at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148118 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry in Classical Mechanics


  We briefly review the universal supersymmetry present in classical
hamiltonian systems and show its applications to field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114499 </DOCNO>
Nature of Gravitation


  The photoeffect, (vacuum analogue of the photoelectric effect,) is used to
study the structure of the physical vacuum, the outcome of which is the basis
for an hypothesis on the nature of gravitation and inertia. The source of
gravitation is the vacuum which has a weak massless elementary electrical
dipole (+/-) charge. Inertia is the result of the elastic force of the vacuum
in opposition to the accelerated motion of material objects. The vacuum is seen
as the source of attraction for all bodies according to the law of induction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75413 </DOCNO>
Off-shell renormalization of the abelian Higgs model in the unitary


  We discuss the off-shell renormalization properties of the abelian Higgs
model in the unitary gauge. The model is not renormalizable according to the
usual power counting rules. In this paper, however, we show that with a proper
choice of interpolating fields for the massive photon and the Higgs particle,
their off-shell Green functions can be renormalized. An analysis of the nature
of the extra singularities in the unitary gauge is given, and a recipe for the
off-shell renormalization is provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125120 </DOCNO>
Quantitative Morphology of the Intermediate-Redshift Galaxy Cluster


  We present broad-band photometry and provide a quantitative analysis of the
structure of galaxies in the inner region of the Abell Cluster 2443 (z~0.1).
The galaxy parameters have been derived by fitting a two-component model
(Sersic r^{1/n} bulge and exponential disk) to a magnitude-limited sample.
Using a new method of analysis which takes into account the effects of seeing
on the structural parameters and considers the ellipticity as an active
parameter, we avoid systematic errors arising from assumptions of circular
symmetry. 76% of the sample galaxies were classified with these models, the
rest were morphologically peculiar. For the spiral galaxies, the relation
between n and B/D is consistent with the trend observed in nearby field galaxy
samples. The Sersic index n (which can be considered as a concentration index)
of the elliptical galaxies is correlated with the local surface density of the
cluster. Monte Carlo simulations were used to check the reliability of the
method and determine the magnitude selection criteria.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2950 </DOCNO>
The self-organized critical forest-fire model on large scales


  We discuss the scaling behavior of the self-organized critical forest-fire
model on large length scales. As indicated in earlier publications, the
forest-fire model does not show conventional critical scaling, but has two
qualitatively different types of fires that superimpose to give the effective
exponents typically measured in simulations. We show that this explains not
only why the exponent characterizing the fire-size distribution changes with
increasing correlation length, but allows also to predict its asymptotic value.
We support our arguments by computer simulations of a coarse-grained model, by
scaling arguments and by analyzing states that are created artificially by
superimposing the two types of fires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74672 </DOCNO>
Background Enhancement of CPT Reach at an Asymmetric Phi Factory


  Photoproduction of neutral-kaon pairs is studied from the perspective of CP
and CPT studies. Interference of the P and S waves, with the former due to
diffractive phi production and the latter to f_0/a_0 production, is shown to
enhance the CPT reach. Results are presented of Monte Carlo studies based on
rates expected in future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148650 </DOCNO>
Universality and a generalized C-function in CFTs with AdS Duals


  We argue that the thermodynamics of conformal field theories with AdS duals
exhibits a remarkable universality. At strong coupling, a Cardy-Verlinde
entropy formula holds even when R-charges or bulk supergravity scalars are
turned on. In such a setting, the Casimir entropy can be identified with a
generalized C-function that changes monotonically with temperature as well as
when non-trivial bulk scalar fields are introduced. We generalize the
Cardy-Verlinde formula to cases where no subextensive part of the energy is
present and further observe that such a formula is valid for the N=4 super
Yang-Mills theory in D=4 even at weak coupling. Finally we show that a
generalized Cardy-Verlinde formula holds for asymptotically flat black holes in
any dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149132 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative Gauge Theory, Open Wilson Lines and Closed Strings


  A recently proposed connection between closed string field and an open Wilson
line defined on an arbitrary contour is further explored here. We suggest that
reparametrization invariance of a Wilson line is the principle which determines
the coupling of non-commutative gauge theory/matrix model to the modes of the
closed string. An analogue of the level matching condition on the gauge
theory/matrix model operators emerges quite naturally from the cyclic symmetry
of the straight Wilson line. We show that the generating functional of
correlation functions of these operators has the space-time gauge symmetry that
one expects to find in closed string field theory. We also identify an infinite
number of conserved operators in gauge theory/matrix model, the first of which
is known to be the conserved stress tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76540 </DOCNO>
New Results from NA49


  We present recent results of the SPS experiment NA49 on production of strange
particles and event-by-event fluctuations of mean $p_t$ and of charged particle
ratios in central Pb+Pb collisions at various beam energies (40, 80, 158 AGeV)
as well as in different collisions at 158 AGeV, going from p+p over light-ion
collisions to peripheral and central Pb+Pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127753 </DOCNO>
Tree-Structured Grid Model of Line and Polarization Variability from


  We have developed a 3-D Monte Carlo radiative transfer model which computes
line and continuum polarization variability for a binary system with an
optically thick non-axisymmetric envelope. This allows us to investigate the
complex (phase-locked) line and continuum polarization variability features
displayed by many massive binaries: W-R+O, O+O, etc. An 8-way tree data
structure constructed via a ``cell-splitting'' method allows for high precision
with efficient use of computer resources. The model is not restricted to binary
systems; it can easily be adapted to a system with an arbitrary density
distribution and large density gradients. As an application to a real system,
the phase dependent Stokes parameters (I, Q, U) and the phase dependent He I
(5876) profiles of the massive binary system V444 Cyg (WN5+O6 III-V) are
computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169185 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensate Antihydrogen: Its Production and Storage to


  We discuss the possibility that Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) antihydrogen
could provide the necessary mechanism for a deep space propulsion system. In a
Bose-Einstein condensate, matter (or antimatter) is in a coherent state
analogous to photons in a laser beam, and individual atoms lose their
independent identity. This allows many atoms to be stored in a small volume. In
the context of recent advances in producing and controlling BECs, this could
potentially provide a revolutionary way to efficiently make and store large
quantities of antimatter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98867 </DOCNO>
The Chord Problem and a new method of filling by pseudoholomorphic


  In this paper a new method of filling by pseudoholomorphic curves is
developed. It is applied by proving existence of characteristic chords for
certain Legendrian knots in closed tight contact three manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2763 </DOCNO>
Low-temperature transport in Heisenberg chains


  A technique to determine accurately transport properties of integrable and
non-integrable quantum-spin chains at finite temperatures by Quantum
Monte-Carlo is presented. The reduction of the Drude weight by interactions in
the integrable gapless regime is evaluated. Evidence for the absence of a Drude
weight in the gapless regime of a non-integrable system with longer-ranged
interactions is presented. We estimate the effect of the non-integrability on
the transport properties and compare with recent experiments on one-dimensional
quantum-spin chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128940 </DOCNO>
220 GHZ Zenith Atmospheric Transparency at Iao, Hanle


  We present 220 GHz (1.36 mm) measurements of zenith optical depth obtained to
characterise the Indian Astronomical Observatory, Hanle (Ladakh, India) during
the period from late December 1999 to early May 2000 and early October 2000 to
September 2001. The data were sampled at an interval of 10 minutes. We describe
the automated 220 GHz tipping radiometer used, its basic principle, operation,
data acquisition method and data reduction scheme in detail. The 220 GHz
opacity is found to be less than 0.06 for a significant fraction (40%) of the
time during the winter months, indicating that Hanle is one of the good
observing sites for submillimeter-wave astronomy. We make a preliminary
correlation with the precipitable water vapour derived from surface relative
humidity and air temperature measurements made during the same period with a
weather station installed at the site. We also compare the Hanle site with
other high-altitude sites like Mauna Kea and Atacama desert.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148897 </DOCNO>
QCD versus Skyrme-Faddeev Theory


  We discuss the physical impacts of the ``Cho decomposition'' (or the
``Cho-Faddeev-Niemi-Shabanov decomposition'') of the non-Abelian gauge
potential on QCD. We show how the decomposition makes a subtle but important
modification on the non-Abelian dynamics, and present three physically
equivalent quantization schemes of QCD which are consistent with the
decomposition. In particular, we show that the decomposition enlarges the
dynamical degrees of QCD by making the topological degrees of the non-Abelian
gauge symmetry dynamical. Furthermore with the decomposition we show that the
Skyrme-Faddeev theory of non-linear sigma model and QCD have almost identical
topological structures. In specific we show that an essential ingredient in
both theories is the Wu-Yang type non-Abelian monopole, and that the
Faddeev-Niemi knots of the Skyrme-Faddeev theory can actually be interpreted to
describe the multiple vacua of the SU(2) QCD. Finally we argue that the
Skyrme-Faddeev theory is, just like QCD, a theory of confinement which confines
the magnetic flux of the monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81370 </DOCNO>
Topology and pion correlators -- a study in the N_f=2 Schwinger model


  I readdress the issue whether the topological charge of the gauge background
has an influence on a hadronic observable. To this end pion correlators in the
Schwinger model with 2 dynamical flavours are determined on subensembles with a
fixed topological charge. It turns out that the answer depends on a specific
function of the sea-quark mass and the box volume which is in close analogy to
the Leutwyler-Smilga parameter in full QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96986 </DOCNO>
Zeros of closed 1-forms, homoclinic orbits, and Lusternik - Schnirelman


  In this paper we study topological lower bounds on the number of zeros of
closed 1-forms without Morse type assumptions. We prove that one may always
find a representing closed 1-form having at most one zero. We introduce and
study a generalization $cat(X,\xi)$ of the notion of Lusternik - Schnirelman
category, depending on a topological space $X$ and a cohomology class $\xi\in
H^1(X;\R)$. We prove that any closed 1-form has at least $cat(X,\xi)$ zeros
assuming that it admits a gradient-like vector field with no homoclinic cycles.
We show that the number $cat(X,\xi)$ can be estimated from below in terms of
the cup-products and higher Massey products. This paper corrects some
statements made in my previous papers on this subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126583 </DOCNO>
Relativistic effects in the solar EOS


  We study the sensitivity of the sound speed to relativistic corrections of
the equation of state (EOS) in the standard solar model by means of a
helioseismic forward analysis. We use the latest GOLF/SOHO data for $\ell =
0,1,2,3$ modes to confirm that the inclusion of the relativistic corrections to
the adiabatic exponent $\Gamma_1$ computed from both OPAL and MHD EOS leads to
a more reliable theoretical modelling of the innermost layers of the Sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 474 </DOCNO>
Chaotic transients in the switching of roto-breathers


  By integrating a set of model equations for Josephson ladder subjected to a
uniform transverse bias current we have found almost all of the kinds of
breathers described in recent experiments, and closely reproduced their
voltage-current characteristics and switching behaviour. Our main result is
that a chaotic transient occurs in the switching process. The growth of tiny
perturbations during the chaotic transient causes the new breather
configuration to be extremely sensitive to the precise history of the initial
breather and can also cause the new breather to have a new centre of symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76461 </DOCNO>
Brane Cosmology Solutions with Bulk Scalar Fields


  Brane cosmologies with static, five-dimensional and Z_2 symmetric bulks are
analysed. A general solution generating mechanism is outlined. The qualatitive
cosmological behaviour of all such solutions is determined. Conditions for
avoiding naked bulk singularities are also discussed. The restrictions placed
on the solutions by the assumption of such a static bulk are investigated. In
particular the requirement of a non-standard energy-momentum conservation law.
The failure of such solutions to provide viable quintessence terms in the
Friedmann equations is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96581 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphism invariant Colombeau Algebras. Part I: Local theory


  This contribution is the first in a series of three: it reports on the
construction of (a fine sheaf of) diffeomorphism invariant Colombeau algebras
on open sets of Eucildean space, which completes earlier approaches. Part II
and III will show, among others, the way to an intrinsic definition of
Colombeau algebras on manifolds which, locally, reproduces the local
diffeomorphism invariant theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98942 </DOCNO>
Two-parametric extension of h-deformation of GL$(1| 1)$


  The two-parametric quantum deformation of the algebra of coordinate functions
on the supergroup GL$(1| 1)$ via a contraction of GL$_{p,q}(1| 1)$ is
presented. Related differential calculus on the quantum superplane is
introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174772 </DOCNO>
Negatively Charged Hadron Spectra in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) =


  Negatively charged hadron (h-) production in Au+Au collisions at BNL-RHIC is
studied with the STAR experiment. Results are presented on h- multiplicity,
pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions at sqrt(s_NN) = 130 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73054 </DOCNO>
TeV Strings and the Neutrino-Nucleon Cross Section at Ultra-high


  In scenarios with the fundamental unification scale at the TeV one expects
string excitations of the standard model fields at accessible energies. We
study the neutrino-nucleon cross section in these models. We show that duality
of the scattering amplitude forces the existence of a tower of massive
leptoquarks that mediate the process in the s-channel. Using the narrow-width
approximation we find a sum rule for the production rate of resonances with
different spin at each mass level. We show that these contributions can
increase substantially the standard model neutrino-nucleon cross section,
although seem insufficient in order to explain the cosmic ray events above the
GZK cutoff energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76850 </DOCNO>
Study of Rapidity Gap Events in Hadronic Z Decays with L3 detector


  Rapidity gaps have been studied in well separated completely symmetric 3 jet
events from hadronic Z decays to search for colour singlet exchange.
Asymmetries in particle flow and angular separation, defined with respect to
the inter-jet regions, are found to be sensitive to the exchange of a colour
singlet object instead of a colour octet gluon. %Comparing data from the L3
experiment with Monte Carlo predictions, %a limit is obtained on the fraction
%of colour singlet exchange in data. From a comparison of the distributions
observed in the L3 experiment and Monte Carlo predictions, a limit is obtained
on the fraction of colour singlet exchange in data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3578 </DOCNO>
AC induced damping of a fluxon in long Josephson junction


  We present a theoretical and experimental study of Josephson vortex (fluxon)
moving in the presence of spatially homogeneous dc and ac bias currents. By
mapping this problem to the problem of calculating the current-voltage
characteristic of a small Josephson junction, we derive the dependence of the
average fluxon velocity on the dc bias current. In particular we find that the
low frequency ac bias current results in an additional nonlinear damping of
fluxon motion. Such ac induced damping crucially depends on the intrinsic
damping parameter and increases drastically as this parameter is reduced. We
find a good agreement of the analysis with both the direct numerical
simulations and the experimentally measured current-voltage characteristics of
a long annular Josephson junction with one trapped fluxon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127536 </DOCNO>
Properties of Relativistic Jets in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows


  We extend our calculation of physical parameters of GRB jets by modeling the
broadband emission of the afterglows 970508, 980519, 991208, 000926, 000418,
and 010222. Together with 990123, 990510, 991216, and 000301c, there are ten
well-observed afterglows for which the initial opening angle of the GRB jet can
be constrained. The jet energies (after the GRB phase) obtained for this set of
afterglows are within one decade around 5E50erg. With the exception of 000418,
which requires a jet wider than 1/2 radians, the jet initial half-angle in the
other cases ranges from 2 deg to 20 deg. We find that, in half of the cases, a
homogeneous ambient medium accommodates the afterglow emission better than the
wind-like 1/r^2 profile medium expected around massive stars. The two types of
media give fits of comparable quality in four cases, a wind medium providing a
better description only for 970508. The circumburst densities we obtain are in
the 0.1-100 per cc range, with the exception of 990123, for which it is below
0.01 per cc. If in all ten cases the observed GRB durations are a good measure
of the ejecta deceleration timescale, then the parameters obtained here lead to
jet initial bulk Lorentz factors between 70 and 300, anticorrelated with the
jet initial aperture, and jet masses around 1E-6 M_sun. Our results on the jet
energy, opening Lorentz factor, and evacuation of material until break-out
provide constraints on theoretical models of GRB jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114127 </DOCNO>
On the passive gravitational mass


  A good candidate to the role of passive gravitational mass of a
Schwarzschild's incompressible sphere is represented by the substantielle Masse
of the sphere, which is larger than the active gravitational mass. Presumably
this inequality has a general validity, i.e. it is not limited to the
homogeneous spheres of incompressible fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97857 </DOCNO>
On boundary properties of solutions of complex vector fields


  This work presents results on the boundary properties of solutions of a
complex, planar, smooth vector field $L$. Classical results in the $H^p$ theory
of holomorphic functions of one variable are extended to the solutions of a
class of nonelliptic complex vector fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86210 </DOCNO>
Integro-differential equation for brane-world cosmological perturbations


  Cosmological perturbations in the brane-world cosmology with a positive
tension brane in the AdS background bulk geometry is analyzed by using the
doubly gauge-invariant formalism. We derive four independent equations for
scalar perturbations in the plane symmetric (K=0) background. Three of these
equations are differential equations written in terms of gauge invariant
variables on the brane only, and another of them is an integro-differential
equation whose kernel is constructed formally from the Z_2-symmetric retarded
Green's function of the bulk gravitational waves. We compare these four
equations with the corresponding equations in the standard cosmology. As a
by-product, we also obtain a set of equations which may be useful in numerical
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129268 </DOCNO>
Wavelet tomography of the Galactic magnetic field. I. The method


  We suggest a two-dimensional wavelet devised to deduce the large-scale
structure of a physical field (e.g., the Galactic magnetic field) from its
integrals along straight paths from irregularly spaced data points to a fixed
interior point (the observer). The method can be applied to the analysis of
pulsar rotation and dispersion measures in terms of the large-scale Galactic
magnetic field and electron density. The method does not use any 'a priori'
assumptions about the physical field and can be considered as an algorithm of
wavelet differentiation. We argue that a certain combination of the wavelet
transformation with model fitting would be most efficient in the interpretation
of the available pulsar RM data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124940 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission from the giant molecular clouds in the Galactic Center


  We report the results of X-ray (2-10 keV) observations of the giant molecular
clouds SgrB, SgrC and SgrD in the Galactic Center region, together with the
discovery of the point-like source SAXJ1748.2-2808. The data have been obtained
with the MECS instrument on the BeppoSAX satellite. The core of SgrB2 has an
X-ray luminosity of 6x10^34 erg/s and its spectrum is characterized by a strong
Fe emission line at 6.5 keV with an equivalent width of 2 keV. Faint diffuse
X-ray emission is detected from SgrC and from the SNR G1.05-0.15 (SgrD). A new,
unresolved source with a strong Fe line has been discovered in the SgrD region.
This source, SAXJ1748.2-2808, is probably associated with a SiO and OH maser
source at the Galactic Center distance. If so, its luminosity is 10^34 erg/s.
We propose that the X-ray emission from SAX J1748.2-2808 is produced either by
protostars or by a giant molecular cloud core. Emission from sources similar to
SAX J1748.2-2808 could have an impact on the expected contribution on the
observed Fe line emission from the Galactic ridge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125014 </DOCNO>
Sloan Digital Sky Survey Multicolor Observations of GRB010222


  The discovery of an optical counterpart to GRB010222 (detected by BeppoSAX;
Piro 2001) was announced 4.4 hrs after the burst by Henden (2001a). The Sloan
Digital Sky Survey's 0.5m photometric telescope (PT) and 2.5m survey telescope
were used to observe the afterglow of GRB010222 starting 4.8 hours after the
GRB. The 0.5m PT observed the afterglow in five, 300 sec g' band exposures over
the course of half an hour, measuring a temporal decay rate in this short
period of F_nu \propto t^{-1.0+/-0.5}. The 2.5m camera imaged the counterpart
nearly simultaneously in five filters (u' g' r' i' z'), with r' = 18.74+/-0.02
at 12:10 UT. These multicolor observations, corrected for reddening and the
afterglow's temporal decay, are well fit by the power-law F_nu \propto
nu^{-0.90+/-0.03} with the exception of the u' band UV flux which is 20% below
this slope. We examine possible interpretations of this spectral shape,
including source extinction in a star forming region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129393 </DOCNO>
A new approach to inferring the mass composition of cosmic rays at


  We describe a new approach to establishing the mass composition at high
energies. Based on measuring both the vertical and inclined shower rates, it
has the potential to distinguish heavy nuclei from light nuclei. We apply the
method to Haverah Park data above 10^18 eV to show that, under the assumption
that the Quark Gluon String Jet Model correctly describes the high energy
interactions, the inclined shower measurements favour a light composition at
energies above 10^19 eV. The same conclusion is obtained using a variety of
assumptions about the cosmic ray spectrum. To the extent that precise spectral
measurements will be possible by forthcoming experiments such as the Auger
observatories, the method will further constrain data on composition of the
ultra high energy cosmic rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127479 </DOCNO>
Limits on the early afterglow phase of gamma-ray burst sources from


  The T\'elescope \`a Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires (TAROT-1) has
as prime objective the observation of the prompt and delayed emission of cosmic
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We have performed a search for optical emission from 6
GRBs detected by BATSE. The positioning error circle was fully covered within
typically thirty minutes after the trigger. No detection of the early afterglow
phase was made, and magnitude limits in the range of $ \mathrm{m}_{\mathrm{R}}
= 13-15 $ were estimated using 20s exposures. These limits are compared to
optical afterglow data obtained in later phases and the results are interpreted
in terms of source distances. They correspond to a median redshift of z = 0.5.
With HETE-2 and the planned instrument upgrade, TAROT-1 will be able to detect
the early optical emission of GRBs up to a redshift of the order of 5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6603 </DOCNO>
Site-centered impurities in quantum spin chains


  The magnetic behavior of antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 chains with site-centered
impurities in a magnetic field is investigated. The effect of impurities is
implemented by considering different situations of both diagonal and
off-diagonal disorder. The resulting magnetization curves present a wide
variety of plateaux, whose position strongly depends on the kind of disorder
considered. The relevance of these results to experimental situations is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95477 </DOCNO>
Singular locus of rational ruled surfaces


  We prove that the morphism that maps a rational ruled surface to its singular
locus is genericaly injective modulo isomophism and duality. We also calculate
the dimension and the degre of its image.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86796 </DOCNO>
Applications of the theory of evolution equations to general relativity


  The theory of evolution equations has been applied in various ways in general
relativity. Following some general considerations about this, some illustrative
examples of the use of ordinary differential equations in general relativity
are presented. After this recent applications of Fuchsian equations are
described, with particular attention to work on the structure of singularities
of solutions of the Einstein equations coupled to a massless scalar field. Next
the relations between analytical and numerical studies of the Einstein
equations are discussed. Finally an attempt is made to identify fruitful
directions for future research within the analytic approach to the study of the
Einstein equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3643 </DOCNO>
Ground state properties and excitation spectra of non-Galilean invariant


  We study the ground state properties and the excitation spectrum of bosons
which, in addition to a short-range repulsive two body potential, interact
through the exchange of some dispersionless bosonic modes. The latter induces a
time dependent (retarded) boson-boson interaction which is attractive in the
static limit. Moreover the coupling with dispersionless modes introduces a
reference frame for the moving boson system and hence breaks the Galilean
invariance of this system. The ground state of such a system is depleted {\it
linearly} in the boson density due to the zero point fluctuations driven by the
retarded part of the interaction. Both quasiparticle (microscopic) and
compressional (macroscopic) sound velocities of the system are studied. The
microscopic sound velocity is calculated up the second order in the effective
two body interaction in a perturbative treatment, similar to that of Beliaev
for the dilute weakly interacting Bose gas. The hydrodynamic equations are used
to obtain the macroscopic sound velocity. We show that these velocities are
identical within our perturbative approach. We present analytical results for
them in terms of two dimensional parameters -- an effective interaction
strength and an adiabaticity parameter -- which characterize the system. We
find that due the presence of several competing effects, which determine the
speed of the sound of the system, three qualitatively different regimes can be
in principle realized in the parameter space and discuss them on physical
grounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76105 </DOCNO>
Modified Dispersion Relations from Closed Strings in Toroidal Cosmology


  A long-standing problem of theoretical physics is the exceptionally small
value of the cosmological constant $\Lambda \sim 10^{-120}$ measured in natural
Planckian units. Here we derive this tiny number from a toroidal string
cosmology based on closed strings. In this picture the dark energy arises from
the correlation between momentum and winding modes that for short distances has
an exponential fall-off with increasing values of the momenta.The freeze-out by
the expansion of the background universe for these transplanckian modes may be
interpreted as a frozen condensate of the closed-string modes in the three
non-compactified spatial dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41661 </DOCNO>
Probing Non-Standard Couplings of Neutrinos at the Borexino Detector


  The present experimental status does not exclude weak-strength non-standard
interactions of neutrinos with electrons. These interactions can be revealed in
solar neutrino experiments. Our discussion covers several aspects related to
this issue. First, we perform an analysis of the Super Kamiokande and SNO data
to investigate their sensitivity to such interactions. In particular, we show
that the \nu_e oscillation into sterile neutrinos can be still allowed if \nu_e
has extra interactions of the proper strength. Second, we suggest that the
Borexino detector can provide good signatures for these non-standard
interactions. Indeed, in Borexino the shape of the recoil electron spectrum
from the \nu e \to \nu e scattering essentially does not depend on the solar
neutrino conversion details, since most of the signal comes from the
mono-energetic ^7Be neutrinos. Hence, the partial conversion of solar \nu_e
into a a nearly equal mixture of \nu_\mu and \nu_\tau, as is indicated by the
atmospheric neutrino data, offers the chance to test extra interactions of
\nu_\tau, or of \nu_e itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168037 </DOCNO>
What is Possible Without Disturbing Partially Known Quantum States?


  Consider a situation in which a quantum system is secretly prepared in a
state chosen from the known set of states. We present a principle that gives a
definite distinction between the operations that preserve the states of the
system and those that disturb the states. The principle is derived by
alternately applying a fundamental property of classical signals and a
fundamental property of quantum ones. The principle can be cast into a simple
form by using a decomposition of the relevant Hilbert space, which is uniquely
determined by the set of possible states. The decomposition implies the
classification of the degrees of freedom of the system into three parts
depending on how they store the information on the initially chosen state: one
storing it classically, one storing it nonclassically, and the other one
storing no information. Then the principle states that the nonclassical part is
inaccessible and the classical part is read-only if we are to preserve the
state of the system. From this principle, many types of no-cloning,
no-broadcasting, and no-imprinting conditions can easily be derived in general
forms including mixed states. It also gives a unified view on how various
schemes of quantum cryptography work. The principle helps to derive optimum
amount of resources (bits, qubits, and ebits) required in data compression or
in quantum teleportation of mixed-state ensembles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97611 </DOCNO>
Microlocal study of ind-sheaves I: micro-support and regularity


  We define the notions of micro-support and regularity for ind-sheaves, and
prove their invariance by contact transformations. We apply the results to the
ind-sheaves of temperate holomorphic solutions of D-modules. We prove that the
micro-support of such an ind-sheaf is the characteristic variety of the
corresponding D-module and that the ind-sheaf is regular if the D-module is
regular holonomic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75156 </DOCNO>
QCD Sum-Rule Bounds on the Light Quark Masses


  QCD sum-rules are related to an integral of a hadronic spectral function, and
hence must satisfy integral inequalities which follow from positivity of the
spectral function. Development of these Holder inequalities and their
application to the Laplace sum-rule for pions lead to a lower bound on the
average of the non-strange 2 GeV light-quark masses in the MS-bar scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125753 </DOCNO>
Inversion of the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest: 3D investigation of the


  We discuss the implementation of Bayesian inversion methods in order to
recover the properties of the intergalactic medium from observations of the
neutral hydrogen Lyman-$\alpha$ absorptions observed in the spectra of high
redshift quasars (the so-called Lyman-$\alpha$ forest). We use two
complementary schemes (i) a constrained Gaussian random field linear approach
and (ii) a more general non-linear explicit Bayesian deconvolution method which
offers in particular the possibility to constrain the parameters of the
equation of state for the gas. While relying on prior assumption for the
two-point correlation functions, we show how to recover, at least
qualitatively, the 3D topology of the large scale structures in redshift space
by inverting a suitable network of adjacent, low resolution lines of sight. We
also discuss the inversion of single lines of sight observed at high spectral
resolution. Our preliminary investigations suggest that the explicit Bayesian
method can be used to derive quantitative information on the physical state of
the gas. Redshift distortion is considered by simultaneous constrained
reconstruction of the velocity and the density field in real space while
assuming statistical correlation between the two fields. The method seems to
work well in the strong prior regime where peculiar velocities are assumed to
be the most likely realization in the density field. Finally, we investigate
the effect of line of sight separation and number of lines of sight. Our
analyses suggest that multiple low resolution lines of sight could be used to
improve most likely velocity reconstruction on a high resolution line of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6223 </DOCNO>
Self healing slip pulses along a gel/glass interface


  We present an experimental evidence of self-healing shear cracks at a
gel/glass interface. This system exhibits two dynamical regimes depending on
the driving velocity : steady sliding at high velocity (> Vc = 100-125 \mu
m/s), caracterized by a shear-thinning rheology, and periodic stick-slip
dynamics at low velocity. In this last regime, slip occurs by propagation of
pulses that restick via a ``healing instability'' occuring when the local
sliding velocity reaches the macroscopic transition velocity Vc. At driving
velocities close below Vc, the system exhibits complex spatio-temporal
behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5024 </DOCNO>
Shubnikov-de Haas effect in quasi-two-dimensional compounds


  The Shubnikov - de Haas effect in quasi-two-dimensional compounds is studied.
The conductivity is calculated from the Kubo formula. Two effects -- the
field-dependent phase shift of the beats and the slow oscillations of the
conductivity are explained and calculated. The results are applicable to the
strongly anisotropic organic metals and other layered compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85772 </DOCNO>
On the r-mode spectrum of relativistic stars in the low-frequency


  The axial modes for non-barotropic relativistic rotating neutron stars with
uniform angular velocity are studied, using the slow-rotation formalism
together with the low-frequency approximation, first investigated by Kojima.
The time independent form of the equations leads to a singular eigenvalue
problem, which admits a continuous spectrum. We show that for $l=2$, it is
nevertheless also possible to find discrete mode solutions (the $r$-modes).
However, under certain conditions related to the equation of state and the
compactness of the stellar model, the eigenfrequency lies inside the continuous
band and the associated velocity perturbation is divergent; hence these
solutions have to be discarded as being unphysical. We corroborate our results
by explicitly integrating the time dependent equations. For stellar models
admitting a physical $r$-mode solution, it can indeed be excited by arbitrary
initial data. For models admitting only an unphysical mode solution, the
evolutions do not show any tendency to oscillate with the respective frequency.
For higher values of $l$, it seems that in certain cases there are no mode
solutions at all.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5168 </DOCNO>
Optical excitations in diphenylacetylene based dendrimers studied by a


  A phenomenological coupled exciton model is proposed in order to characterize
optical excitations in extended dendrimers. An onsite exciton state is assigned
at each phenyl rings and a nearest neighbor hopping integral which obeys the
Gaussian distribution is considered between the exciton states. The decreasing
optical excitation energy with respect to the dendrimer size indicates the
presence of exciton funnels along the backbone of the dendrimers. Therefore,
the extended dendrimers can work as artificial fractal antenna systems which
capture energy of light. Dynamics of an exciton is also investigated by solving
time development of a wavefunction of optical excitations. It is shown that a
damping term with a certain magnitude is necessary in order that optical
excitations captured at the outer edge of the supermolecule move to the central
areas of the molecule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97966 </DOCNO>
Schr\"odinger operators with singular Gordon potentials


  Singular Gordon potentials are defined to be distributions from the space
W^{-1}_{2,unif}(R) that are sufficiently fast approximated by periodic ones. We
prove that Schr\"odinger operators with singular Gordon potentials have no
point spectrum and show that a rich class of quasiperiodic distributions
consists of singular Gordon potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81294 </DOCNO>
Where do perturbative and non-perturbative QCD meet?


  We computed the static potential and Wilson loops to $O(\alpha^2)$ in
perturbation theory for different lattice quark and gluon actions. In general,
we find short distance lattice data to be well described by ``boosted
perturbation theory''. For Wilson-type fermions at present-day quark masses and
lattice spacings agreement within 10% between measured ``$\beta$-shifts'' and
those predicted by perturbation theory is found. We comment on prospects for a
determination of the real world QCD running coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40800 </DOCNO>
Mixing and CP Violation in the Decay of Neutral D Mesons at CLEO


  We present preliminary results of several analyses searching for the effects
of CP violation and mixing in the decay of D0 mesons. We find no evidence of CP
asymmetry in five different two-body decay modes of the D0 to pairs of light
pseudo-scalar mesons: A_CP(K+ K-) = (+0.05 +- 2.18 +- 0.84)%, A_CP(pi+ pi-) =
(+2.0 +- 3.2 +- 0.8)%, A_CP(K0_S pi0) = (+0.1 +- 1.3)%, A_CP(pi0 pi0) = (+0.1
+- 4.8)% and A_CP(K0_S K0_S) = (-23 +- 19)%. We present the first measurement
of the rate of wrong-sign D0 -> K+ pi- pi0 decay: R_WS = 0.0043 + 0.0011 -
0.0010 +- 0.0007. Finally, we describe a measurement of the mixing parameter
y_CP= Delta Gamma / (2 Gamma) by searching for a lifetime difference between
the CP neutral K+ pi- final state and the CP even K+K- and pi+pi- final states.
Under the assumption that CP is conserved we find y_CP = -0.011 +- 0.025 +-
0.014.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81087 </DOCNO>
Chiral Behaviour of the Rho Meson in Lattice QCD


  In order to guide the extrapolation of the mass of the rho meson calculated
in lattice QCD with dynamical fermions, we study the contributions to its
self-energy which vary most rapidly as the quark mass approaches zero; from the
processes $\rho \to \omega \pi$ and $\rho \to \pi \pi$. It turns out that in
analysing the most recent data from CP-PACS it is crucial to estimate the
self-energy from $\rho \to \pi \pi$ using the same grid of discrete momenta as
included implicitly in the lattice simulation. The correction associated with
the continuum, infinite volume limit can then be found by calculating the
corresponding integrals exactly. Our error analysis suggests that a factor of
10 improvement in statistics at the lowest quark mass for which data currently
exists would allow one to determine the physical rho mass to within 5%.
Finally, our analysis throws new light on a long-standing problem with the
J-parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126602 </DOCNO>
Gravity's smoking gun?


  We present a new constraint on the biased galaxy formation picture.
Gravitational instability theory predicts that the two-point mass density
correlation function, \xi(r), has an inflection point at the separation r=r_0,
corresponding to the boundary between the linear and nonlinear regime of
clustering, \xi = 1. We show how this feature can be used to constrain the
square of the biasing parameter, b^2 = \xi_g / \xi on scales r = r_0, where
\xi_g is the galaxy-galaxy correlation function, allowed to differ from \xi. We
apply our method to real data: the \xi_g(r), estimated from the APM galaxy
survey. Our results suggest that the APM galaxies trace the mass at separations
r > 5 Mpc/h, where h is the Hubble constant in units of 100 km/s Mpc. The
present results agree with earlier studies, based on comparing higher order
correlations in the APM with weakly non-linear perturbation theory. Both
approaches constrain the "b" factor to be within 20% of unity. If the existence
of the feature we identified in the APM \xi_g(r) -- the inflection point near
\xi_g = 1 -- is confirmed by more accurate surveys, we may have discovered
gravity's smoking gun: the long awaited ``shoulder'' in \xi, predicted by Gott
and Rees 25 years ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127999 </DOCNO>
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Difference Image Analysis


  We describe the Difference Image Analysis (DIA) algorithms and software used
to analyze four years (1997-2000) of OGLE-II photometric monitoring of the
Magellanic Clouds, the calibration, the photometric error analysis, and the
search for variable stars. A preliminary analysis of photometric errors is
based on the field LMC_SC2. A full catalog of about 70,000 variable stars will
be presented in a separate publication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 334 </DOCNO>
One-point functions in integrable quantum field theory at finite


  We determine the form factor expansion of the one-point functions in
integrable quantum field theory at finite temperature and find that it is
simpler than previously conjectured. We show that no singularities are left in
the final expression provided that the operator is local with respect to the
particles and argue that the divergences arising in the non-local case are
related to the absence of spontaneous symmetry breaking on the cylinder. As a
specific application, we give the first terms of the low temperature expansion
of the one-point functions for the Ising model in a magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123620 </DOCNO>
The z=0 Galaxy Luminosity Function: I. Techniques for Identification of


  We present a program to study the galaxy luminosity function (GLF) of the Leo
I and Coma I Groups at ~10 Mpc. We have surveyed over seven square degrees in
Leo I and ~11 square degrees in Coma I. In this paper, we detail the method we
have developed and implemented for identifying on morphological grounds
low-surface-brightness, M_R < -10 dwarf galaxies at a distance of 10 Mpc. We
also describe extensive Montecarlo simulations of artificial galaxies which we
use to tune our detection algorithms and evaluate our detection efficiency and
parameter recovery as a function of mu_R(0) and R_T. We find for a sub-set of
our Leo I data that at the 90% completeness level we can detect dwarfs
comparable to Antlia and Sculptor. Finally, we describe preliminary follow-up
observations which confirm we are detecting dwarf spheroidals in Leo I at 10
Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96351 </DOCNO>
The 2-dimension series of the just-nonsolvable BSV group


  I also submitted this paper as math.GR/0112109... it is therefore withdrawn
from math.GR/0104076

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125312 </DOCNO>
Spectropolarimetry of the Type II Supernovae 1997ds, 1998A, and 1999gi


  We present single-epoch spectropolarimetry of the Type II supernovae (SNe II)
1997ds, 1998A, and 1999gi. SN 1997ds and SN 1998A were both observed during the
early photospheric phase, while spectropolarimetry of SN 1999gi was obtained
near the start of the transition to the nebular phase. Uncorrected for
interstellar polarization (ISP), SN 1997ds is characterized by p_V = 0.85 +/-
0.02%, SN 1998A has p_V = 0.24 +/- 0.05%, and SN 1999gi is polarized at p_V =
5.72 +/- 0.01%. The low continuum polarization inferred for SN 1997ds and SN
1998A and the amplitude of polarization modulations across strong line features
are consistent with those measured at similar epochs for SN 1987A and the Type
II-plateau SN 1999em, and supports the growing consensus that core-collapse
events with hydrogen envelopes substantially intact at the time of explosion
are not significantly aspherical during the early photospheric phase.
  The spectral shape of the high continuum polarization of SN 1999gi closely
resembles a ``Serkowski'' ISP curve, and is inconsistent with the
wavelength-independent nature of electron scattering expected for an aspherical
SN atmosphere. Since Galactic reddening is minimal along this line-of-sight,
the majority of the observed polarization in SN 1999gi is believed to be due to
ISP of the host galaxy, although significant (up to p = 2%) intrinsic
polarization cannot be ruled out. The potential power of SN spectropolarimetry
to study the properties of interstellar dust in external galaxies is described
and applied to the SN 1999gi data, where it is shown that if the polarization
is indeed predominantly interstellar in origin, then R_V = 3.0 +/- 0.2 for the
dust along this line-of-sight in NGC 3184.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99214 </DOCNO>
Brownian Bridge Asymptotics for the Subcritical Bernoulli Bond


  For the d-dimensional model of a subcritical bond percolation (p<p_c) and a
point \vec{a} in Z^d, we prove that a cluster conditioned on connecting points
(0,...,0) and n\vec{a} if scaled by 1/(n|vec{a}|) along \vec{a} and by
1/sqrt{n} in the orthogonal direction converges asymptotically to Time x
(d-1)-dimensional Brownian Bridge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40707 </DOCNO>
Colour Reconnection at LEP2


  Colour reconnection is the final state interaction between quarks from
different sources. It is not yet fully understood and is a source of systematic
error for W-boson mass and width measurements in hadronic \WW decays at LEP2.
The methods of measuring this effect and the results of the 4 LEP experiments
at $183\gev\leq\rts\leq 202\gev$ will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6469 </DOCNO>
Universal persistence exponents in an extremally driven system


  The local persistence R(t), defined as the proportion of the system still in
its initial state at time t, is measured for the Bak--Sneppen model. For 1 and
2 dimensions, it is found that the decay of R(t) depends on one of two classes
of initial configuration. For a subcritical initial state, R(t)\sim
t^{-\theta}, where the persistence exponent \theta can be expressed in terms of
a known universal exponent. Hence \theta is universal. Conversely, starting
from a supercritical state, R(t) decays by the anomalous form 1-R(t)\sim
t^{\tau_{\rm ALL}} until a finite time t_{0}, where \tau_{\rm ALL} is also a
known exponent. Finally, for the high dimensional model R(t) decays
exponentially with a non--universal decay constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149622 </DOCNO>
Deformation independent open brane metrics and generalized theta


  We investigate the consequences of generalizing certain well established
properties of the open string metric to the conjectured open membrane and open
Dp-brane metrics. By imposing deformation independence on these metrics their
functional dependence on the background fields can be determined including the
notorious conformal factor. In analogy with the non-commutativity parameter
$\Theta^{\mu\nu}$ in the string case, we also obtain `generalized' theta
parameters which are rank q+1 antisymmetric tensors (polyvectors) for open
Dq-branes and rank 3 for the open membrane case. The expressions we obtain for
the open membrane quantities are expected to be valid for general background
field configurations, while the open D-brane quantities are only valid for one
parameter deformations. By reducing the open membrane data to five dimensions,
we show that they, modulo a subtlety with implications for the relation between
OM-theory and NCYM, correctly generate the open string and open D2-data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41705 </DOCNO>
Structure of Virtual Photons at HERA


  Triple differential dijet cross-sections in e p interactions measured with
the H1 and ZEUS detectors at HERA are presented. The data are compared to Monte
Carlo simulations which differ in their assumptions about photon structure and
parton evolution. Effects of the resolved processes of longitudinally polarized
virtual photons at HERA are investigated for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3011 </DOCNO>
Far-infrared transmission studies of c-axis oriented superconducting


  We reported far-infrared transmission measurements on a c-axis oriented
superconducting MgB$_{2}$ thin film in the frequency range of 30 $\sim$ 250
cm$^{-1}$. We found that these measurements were sensitive to values of
scattering rate $1/\tau$ and superconducting gap $2\Delta$. By fitting the
experimental transmission spectra at 40 K and below, we obtained $1/\tau =$
(700 $\sim$ 1000) cm$^{-1}$ and $2\Delta (0)\cong$ 42 cm$^{-1}$. These two
quantities suggested that MgB$_{2}$ belong to the dirty limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81496 </DOCNO>
Polynomial Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm for lattice QCD with odd number


  We present a Polynomial Hybrid Monte Carlo (PHMC) algorithm for lattice QCD
with odd numbers of flavors of O(a)-improved Wilson quark action. The algorithm
makes use of the non-Hermitian Chebyshev polynomial to approximate the inverse
square root of the fermion matrix required for odd number of flavors. The
systematic error from the polynomial approximation is removed by a
noisy-Metropolis test for which a new method is developed. Investigating the
property of our PHMC algorithm in the $N_f=2$ QCD case, we find that it is as
efficient as the conventional HMC algorithm for moderately large lattice size
($16^{3}\times 48$) with intermediate quark masses
($m_{\mathit{PS}}/m_{\mathit{V}}\sim 0.7$-0.8). We test our odd-flavor
algorithm through extensive simulations of two-flavor QCD treated as an
$N_f=1+1$ system, and comparing the results to those of the established
algorithms for $N_f=2$ QCD. These tests establish that our PHMC algorithm works
on moderately large lattice sizes with intermediate quark mass ($16^{3}\times
48, m_{\mathit{PS}}/m_{\mathit{V}}\sim 0.7$-0.8). Finally we experiment with
the 2+1-flavor QCD simulation on small lattices ($4^3\times 8$ and $8^3\times
16$), and confirm agreement of results with those obtained with the R algorithm
and extrapolated to zero molecular dynamics step size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6382 </DOCNO>
Coherence in magnetic quantum tunneling


  Currently, spin tunneling at very low temperatures is assumed to proceed as
an incoherent sequence of events that take place whenever a bias field h(t)
that varies randomly with time t becomes sufficiently small, as in Landau-Zener
transitions. We study the behavior of a suitably defined coherence time t_p.
Coherence effects become significant when t_p >= t_h$, where t_h is the
correlation time for h(t). The theory of tunneling of Prokof'ev and Stamp (PS),
which rests on the assumption that t_p <= t_h, is extended beyond this
constraint. It is shown, both analytically and numerically, that t_p >= t_h
when t_h*dh <= h, where dh is the rms deviation of h. Equations that give t_p
and the tunneling rate as a function of t_h*dh both for t_h*dh>=h, where the
theory of PS hold, and for t_h*dh <= h, where it does not, are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76330 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Evolution in a Cyclic Universe


  Based on concepts drawn from the ekpyrotic scenario and M-theory, we
elaborate our recent proposal of a cyclic model of the Universe. In this model,
the Universe undergoes an endless sequence of cosmic epochs which begin with
the Universe expanding from a `big bang' and end with the Universe contracting
to a `big crunch.'
 Matching from `big crunch' to `big bang' is performed according to the
prescription recently proposed with Khoury, Ovrut and Seiberg. The expansion
part of the cycle includes a period of radiation and matter domination followed
by an extended period of cosmic acceleration at low energies. The cosmic
acceleration is crucial in establishing the flat and vacuous initial conditions
required for ekpyrosis and for removing the entropy, black holes, and other
debris produced in the preceding cycle. By restoring the Universe to the same
vacuum state before each big crunch, the acceleration insures that the cycle
can repeat and that the cyclic solution is an attractor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114294 </DOCNO>
Searching for vortex structures in high Reynolds number turbulence


  In experimental study of very high Reynolds number turbulence, we found
evidences that there are distinguished vortex structures in the intermediate
range, that is, between the Kolmogorov and Taylor microscales, where they are
indeed expected to be present. These structures are responsible for the
intermittency, and, in the same time, they contribute into asymmetry of
turbulent statistics, the latter following from the Kolmogorov law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3915 </DOCNO>
The Asymmetric Exclusion Process revisited: Fluctuations and Dynamics in


  We investigate the total asymmetric exclusion process by analyzing the
dynamics of the shock. Within this approach we are able to calculate the
fluctuations of the number of particles and density profiles not only in the
stationary state but also in the transient regime. We find that the analytical
predictions and the simulation results are in excellent agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95398 </DOCNO>
Rapidly growing Fourier integrals


  The Riemann-Lebesgue Lemma says that the Fourier transform of an absolutely
integrable function on the real line tends to zero as the transform parameter
tends to infinity. When the integral is allowed to converge conditionally, the
transform can have arbitrarily rapid pointwise growth as the transform
parameter tends to infinity. Smoothness of the function to be transformed need
not decrease growth of the transform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6243 </DOCNO>
Quantum Transport in Nonuniform Magnetic Fields: Aharonov-Bohm Ring as a


  We study the spin-dependent magneto conductance in mesoscopic rings subject
to an inhomogeneous in-plane magnetic field. We show that the polarization
direction of transmitted spin-polarized electrons can be controlled via an
additional magnetic flux such that spin flips are induced at half a flux
quantum. This quantum interference effect is independent of the strength of the
nonuniform field applied. We give an analytical explanation for one-dimensional
rings and numerical results for corresponding ballistic microstructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98938 </DOCNO>
Discrete Spacings


  Consider a string of $n$ positions, i.e. a discrete string of length $n$.
Units of length $k$ are placed at random on this string in such a way that they
do not overlap, and as often as possible, i.e. until all spacings between
neighboring units have length less than $k$. When centered and scaled by
$n^{-1/2}$ the resulting numbers of spacings of length $1, 2,..., k-1$ have
simultaneously a limiting normal distribution as $n\to\infty$. This is proved
by the classical method of moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126785 </DOCNO>
The Relationship Between the Circular Polarization and the Magnetic


  The relationship between the magnetic field and the circular polarization of
astrophysical maser radiation due to the Zeeman effect under idealized
conditions is investigated when the Zeeman splitting is much smaller than the
spectral linebreadth and when radiative saturation is significant. The
description of the circular polarization, as well as inferences about the
magnetic field from the observations, are clearest when the rate for stimulated
emission is much less than the Zeeman splitting. The calculations here are
performed in this regime, which is relevant for some (if not most) observations
of astrophysical masers. We demonstrate that Stokes-$V$ is proportional to the
Zeeman splitting and the fractional linear polarization is independent of the
Zeeman splitting when the ratio of the Zeeman splitting to the spectral line
breadth is small---less than about 0.1. In contrast to its behavior for
ordinary spectral lines, the circular polarization for masers that are at least
partially saturated does not decrease with increasing angle between the
magnetic field and the line-of-sight until they are nearly perpendicular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2004 </DOCNO>
Signature of ballistic effects in disordered conductors


  Statistical properties of energy levels, wave functions and
quantum-mechanical matrix elements in disordered conductors are usually
calculated assuming diffusive electron dynamics. Mirlin has pointed out [Phys.
Rep. 326, 259 (2000)] that ballistic effects may, under certain circumstances,
dominate diffusive contributions. We study the influence of such ballistic
effects on the statistical properties of wave functions in quasi-one
dimensional disordered conductors. Our results support the view that ballistic
effects can be significant in these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114081 </DOCNO>
Experimental Investigations of Signals of a New Nature with the aid of


  In consequence of long-term (2000) observation of a system of two
high-precision quartz gravimeters (one of them with an attached magnet) placed
in a special (at a depth of $\sim $10m) gravimetric laboratory on a common base
separated from the foundation of the building, signals of a new nature were
detected. They were of a smooth peak-type shape, several minutes duration, and
with amplitudes often more than that of the moon tide. The nature of the
signals cannot be explained in the framework of traditional physical views but
can be qualitatively described with the aid of a supposed new interaction
connected with the hypothesis about the existence of the cosmological vectorial
potential A_g, a new presumed fundamental vectorial constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75052 </DOCNO>
Charm Physics - Like Botticelli in the Sistine Chapel


  After sketching heavy quark expansions as applied to heavy flavour decays I
emphasize the relevance of nonperturbative dynamics at the charm scale for
exclusive $b\to c$ modes. I address the issue of quark-hadron duality for charm
and discuss both the experimental and theoretical status of $D^0-\bar D^0$
oscillations. Finally I argue that comprehensive CP studies of charm decays
provide novel portals to New Physics and suggest benchmark figures for
desirable sensitivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127898 </DOCNO>
Detection of a CMB decrement towards a cluster of mJy radiosources


  We present the results of radio, optical and near-infrared observations of
the field of TOC J0233.3+3021, a cluster of milliJansky radiosources from the
TexOx Cluster survey. In an observation of this field with the Ryle Telescope
(RT) at 15 GHz, we measure a decrement in the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
of $-675 \pm 95 \mu$Jy on the RT's $\approx$ 0.65 k$\lambda$ baseline. Using
optical and infrared imaging with the McDonald 2.7-m Smith Reflector, Calar
Alto 3.5-m telescope and UKIRT, we identify the host galaxies of five of the
radiosources and measure magnitudes of $R \approx 24$, $J \approx 20$, $K
\approx 18$.
  The CMB decrement is consistent with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect of a
massive cluster of galaxies, which if modelled as a spherical King profile of
core radius $\theta_C = 20^{\prime\prime}$ has a central temperature decrement
of $900 \mu$K. The magnitudes and colours of the galaxies are consistent with
those of old ellipticals at $z \sim 1$. We therefore conclude that TOC
J0233.3+3021 is a massive, high redshift cluster. These observations add to the
growing evidence for a significant population of massive clusters at high
redshift, and demonstrate the effectiveness of combining searches for AGN
`signposts' to clusters with the redshift-independence of the SZ effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126617 </DOCNO>
KL Estimation of the Power Spectrum Parameters from the Angular


  We present measurements of parameters of the 3-dimensional power spectrum of
galaxy clustering from 222 square degrees of early imaging data in the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey. The projected galaxy distribution on the sky is expanded
over a set of Karhunen-Loeve eigenfunctions, which optimize the signal-to-noise
ratio in our analysis. A maximum likelihood analysis is used to estimate
parameters that set the shape and amplitude of the 3-dimensional power
spectrum. Our best estimates are Gamma=0.188 +/- 0.04 and sigma_8L = 0.915 +/-
0.06 (statistical errors only), for a flat Universe with a cosmological
constant. We demonstrate that our measurements contain signal from scales at or
beyond the peak of the 3D power spectrum. We discuss how the results scale with
systematic uncertainties, like the radial selection function. We find that the
central values satisfy the analytically estimated scaling relation. We have
also explored the effects of evolutionary corrections, various truncations of
the KL basis, seeing, sample size and limiting magnitude. We find that the
impact of most of these uncertainties stay within the 2-sigma uncertainties of
our fiducial result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174640 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry in the Nucleon Sea


  A precise measurement of the ratio of Drell-Yan yields from an 800 GeV/c
proton beam incident on liquid hydrogen and deuterium targets is reported. Over
370,000 Drell-Yan muon pairs were recorded. From these data, the ratio of
anti-down ($\bar{d}$) to anti-up ($\bar{u}$) quark distributions in the proton
sea is determined over a wide range in Bjorken-x. A strong x dependence is
observed in the ratio $\bar{d}/\bar{u}$. From this result, the integral of
$(\bar{d}-\bar{u})$ is evaluated for 0.015<x<0.35 and compared with deep
inelastic scattering results. The origin of this asymmetry is probably due to
non-perturbative effects such as those contained in pion cloud models. This
measurement has instigated new global fits since previous parameterizations of
the proton could not accommodate this large asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1194 </DOCNO>
Vortex stabilization in a small rotating asymmetric Bose-Einstein


  We use a variational method to investigate the ground-state phase diagram of
a small, asymmetric Bose-Einstein condensate with respect to the dimensionless
interparticle interaction strength $\gamma$ and the applied external rotation
speed $\Omega$. For a given $\gamma$, the transition lines between no-vortex
and vortex states are shifted toward higher $\Omega$ relative to those for the
symmetric case. We also find a re-entrant behavior, where the number of vortex
cores can decrease for large $\Omega$. In addition, stabilizing a vortex in a
rotating asymmetric trap requires a minimum interaction strength. For a given
asymmetry, the evolution of the variational parameters with increasing $\Omega$
shows two different types of transitions (sharp or continuous), depending on
the strength of the interaction. We also investigate transitions to states with
higher vorticity; the corresponding angular momentum increases continuously as
a function of $\Omega$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96453 </DOCNO>
Quantitative theory of ordinary differential equations and tangential


  These highly informal lecture notes aim at introducing and explaining several
closely related problems on zeros of analytic functions defined by ordinary
differential equations and systems of such equations. The main incentive for
this study was its potential application to the tangential Hilbert 16th problem
on zeros of complete Abelian integrals.
  The exposition consists mostly of examples illustrating various phenomena
related to this problem. Sometimes these examples give an insight concerning
the proofs, though the complete exposition of the latter is mostly relegated to
separate expositions.
  For related and quoted articles, check the author's homepage
http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~yakov .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148595 </DOCNO>
On the Absorption by Near-Extremal Black Branes


  We study the absorption of a minimally coupled scalar in the gravitational
background created by a stack of near-extremal black three-branes, and more
generally by M2, M5 and Dp branes. The absorption probability has the form P(l)
= P_0(l) f_l(\lambda), where P_0(l) is the partial wave's absorption
probability in the extremal case, and the thermal factor f_l(\lambda) depends
on the ratio of the frequency of the incoming wave and the Hawking temperature,
\lambda = \omega/\pi T. Using Langer-Olver's method, we obtain a
low-temperature (\lambda \gg 1) asymptotic expansion for P(l) with coefficients
determined recursively. This expansion, which turns out to be a fairly good
approximation even for \lambda \sim 1, accounts for all power-like
finite-temperature corrections to P_0(l), and we calculate a few terms
explicitly. We also show that at low temperature the absorption probability
contains exponentially suppressed terms, and attempt to develop an
approximation scheme to calculate those. The high-temperature expansion is also
considered. For the s-wave, the low-temperature gravity result is consistent
with the free finite-temperature field theory calculation, while for high
temperature and higher partial waves we find a disagreement. As a check of the
approximation methods used, we apply them to the D1-D5-brane system, and
compare results to the known exact solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124253 </DOCNO>
A wide field survey at the Northern Ecliptic Pole: II. Number counts and


  We present a medium deep survey carried out in the three filters B_j, R and
K. The survey covers homogeneously the central square degree around the
Northern Ecliptic Pole (NEP) down to a completeness limit of 24.25, 23.0 and
17.5mag in B_j, R and K, respectively. While the near infrared data have been
presented in the first paper of this series, here we concentrate on the optical
data and the results based on the combined B_jRK-data. The unique combination
of area and depth in our survey allows to perform a variety of investigations
based on homogeneous material covering more than ten magnitudes in apparent
brightness. We analyze the number counts for point-like and extended sources in
B_j and R to determine the slopes in dlogN/dm and to test for possible breaks
therein. While we can confirm the slopes found in previous works with a higher
statistical significance, the largest uncertainty remaining for the amplitudes
is galactic extinction. We determine the colour distributions of galaxies in
B_j-R and R-K down to B_j=24.0 and K=18.0mag, respectively. The distributions
in both colours are modeled using galaxy spectral evolution synthesis. We
demonstrate that the standard models of galaxy evolution are unable to
reproduce the steady reddening trend in R-K despite flawless fits to the colour
distributions in the optical (B_j-R). The B_jRK data collected over a large
area provides the opportunity to select rare objects like candidates for
high-redshift galaxies and extremely red objects (EROs, R-K>5.0) and to
determine their surface density. Our EROs are selected at an intermediate
magnitude range and contain contribution from both galactic as well as
extragalactic sources. At K<16.5mag, where a morphological classification is
possible, the stellar component dominates the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74058 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the determination of the Landau gauge OPE for the Asymmetric


  We compute a compact OPE formula describing power corrections to the
perturbative expression for the asymmetric $\widetilde{MOM}$-renormalized
running coupling constant up to the leading logarithm. By the use of the
phenomelogical hypothesis leading to the factorization of the condensates
through a perturbative vacuum insertion, the only relevant condensate in the
game is $<A^2>$. The validity of the OPE formula is tested by searching for a
good-quality coherent description of previous lattice evaluations of
$\widetilde{MOM}$-renormalized gluon propagator and running coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169260 </DOCNO>
Local Deterministic Transformations of Three-Qubit Pure States


  The properties of deterministic LOCC transformations of three qubit pure
states are studied. We show that the set of states in the GHZ class breaks into
an infinite number of disjoint classes under this type of transformation. These
classes are characterized by the value of a quantity that is invariant under
these transformations, and is defined in terms of the coefficients of a
particular canonical form in which only states in the GHZ class can be
expressed. This invariant also imposes a strong constraint on any POVM that is
part of a deterministic protocol. We also consider a transformation generated
by a local 2-outcome POVM and study under what conditions it is deterministic,
i.e., both outcomes belong to the same orbit. We prove that for real states it
is always possible to find such a POVM and we discuss analytical and numerical
evidence that suggests that this result also holds for complex states. We study
the transformation generated in the space of orbits when one or more parties
apply several deterministic POVMs in succession and use these results to give a
complete characterization of the real states that can be obtained from the GHZ
state with probability 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3611 </DOCNO>
Crystallographic structure of ultrathin Fe films on Cu(100)


  We report bcc-like crystal structures in 2-4 ML Fe films grown on fcc Cu(100)
using scanning tunneling microscopy. The local bcc structure provides a
straightforward explanation for their frequently reported outstanding magnetic
properties, i.e., ferromagnetic ordering in all layers with a Curie temperature
above 300 K. The non-pseudomorphic structure, which becomes pseudomorphic above
4 ML film thickness is unexpected in terms of conventional rules of thin film
growth and stresses the importance of finite thickness effects in ferromagnetic
ultrathin films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6879 </DOCNO>
Quantum Interference in Superconducting Wire Networks and Josephson


  We investigate analytically and numerically the mean-field
superconducting-normal phase boundaries of two-dimensional superconducting wire
networks and Josephson junction arrays immersed in a transverse magnetic field.
The geometries we consider include square, honeycomb, triangular, and kagome'
lattices. Our approach is based on an analytical study of multiple-loop
Aharonov-Bohm effects: the quantum interference between different electron
closed paths where each one of them encloses a net magnetic flux. Specifically,
we compute exactly the sums of magnetic phase factors, i.e., the lattice path
integrals, on all closed lattice paths of different lengths. A very large
number, e.g., up to $10^{81}$ for the square lattice, exact lattice path
integrals are obtained. Analytic results of these lattice path integrals then
enable us to obtain the resistive transition temperature as a continuous
function of the field. In particular, we can analyze measurable effects on the
superconducting transition temperature, $T_c(B)$, as a function of the magnetic
filed $B$, originating from electron trajectories over loops of various
lengths. In addition to systematically deriving previously observed features,
and understanding the physical origin of the dips in $T_c(B)$ as a result of
multiple-loop quantum interference effects, we also find novel results. In
particular, we explicitly derive the self-similarity in the phase diagram of
square networks. Our approach allows us to analyze the complex structure
present in the phase boundaries from the viewpoint of quantum interference
effects due to the electron motion on the underlying lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81181 </DOCNO>
Chiral measurements with the Fixed-Point Dirac operator and construction


  In this preliminary study, we examine the chiral properties of the
parametrized Fixed-Point Dirac operator D^FP, see how to improve its chirality
via the Overlap construction, measure the renormalized quark condensate Sigma
and the topological susceptibility chi_t, and investigate local chirality of
near zero modes of the Dirac operator. We also give a general construction of
chiral currents and densities for chiral lattice actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 806 </DOCNO>
Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a 2-dimensional cellular


  We propose a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model to simulate pedestrian
traffic. It is a vmax=1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics.
Long-range interactions between the pedestrians are mediated by a so called
floor field which modifies the transition rates to neighbouring cells. This
field, which can be discrete or continuous, is subject to diffusion and decay.
Furthermore it can be modified by the motion of the pedestrians. Therefore the
model uses an idea similar to chemotaxis, but with pedestrians following a
virtual rather than a chemical trace. Our main goal is to show that the
introduction of such a floor field is sufficient to model collective effects
and self-organization encountered in pedestrian dynamics, e.g. lane formation
in counterflow through a large corridor. As an application we also present
simulations of the evacuation of a large room with reduced visibility, e.g. due
to failure of lights or smoke.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98122 </DOCNO>
Pointed Hopf algebras of dimension 32


  We give a complete classification of the 32-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras
over an algebraically closed field k with characteristic different from 2. It
turns out that there are infinite families of isomorphism classes of pointed
Hopf algebras of dimension 32. In [Andruskiewitsch-Schneider, J. Alg 209],
[Beattie-Dascalescu-Grunenfelder, Invent. Math. 136 (1)] and [Gelaki, J. Alg
209] are given families of counterexamples for the tenth Kaplansky conjecture.
Up to now, 32 is the lowest dimension where Kaplansky conjecture fails.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4353 </DOCNO>
Determining the density of states for classical statistical models: A


  We describe an efficient Monte Carlo algorithm using a random walk in energy
space to obtain a very accurate estimate of the density of states for classical
statistical models. The density of states is modified at each step when the
energy level is visited to produce a flat histogram. By carefully controlling
the modification factor, we allow the density of states to converge to the true
value very quickly, even for large systems. This algorithm is especially useful
for complex systems with a rough landscape since all possible energy levels are
visited with the same probability. In this paper, we apply our algorithm to
both 1st and 2nd order phase transitions to demonstrate its efficiency and
accuracy. We obtained direct simulational estimates for the density of states
for two-dimensional ten-state Potts models on lattices up to $200 \times 200 $
and Ising models on lattices up to $256 \times 256$. Applying this approach to
a 3D $\pm J$ spin glass model we estimate the internal energy and entropy at
zero temperature; and, using a two-dimensional random walk in energy and
order-parameter space, we obtain the (rough) canonical distribution and energy
landscape in order-parameter space. Preliminary data suggest that the glass
transition temperature is about 1.2 and that better estimates can be obtained
with more extensive application of the method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168806 </DOCNO>
Optical mode characterization of single photons prepared via conditional


  A detailed theoretical analysis of the spatiotemporal mode of a single photon
prepared via conditional measurements on a photon pair generated in the process
of parametric down-conversion is presented. The maximum efficiency of coupling
the photon into a transform-limited classical optical mode is calculated and
ways for its optimization are determined. An experimentally feasible technique
of generating the optimally matching classical mode is proposed. The theory is
applied to a recent experiment on pulsed homodyne tomography of the
single-photon Fock state (A. I. Lvovsky et al., Phys Rev. Lett. 87, 050402
(2001) - preprint at quant-ph/0101051)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125074 </DOCNO>
Variability of the Vela Pulsar-wind Nebula Observed with Chandra


  The observations of the pulsar-wind nebula (PWN) around the Vela pulsar with
the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer aboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory,
taken on 2000 April 30 and November 30, reveal its complex morphology
reminiscent of that of the Crab PWN. Comparison of the two observations shows
changes up to 30% in the surface brightness of the PWN features. Some of the
PWN elements show appreciable shifts, up to a few arcseconds (about 10^{16}
cm), and/or spectral changes. To elucidate the nature of the observed
variations, further monitoring of the Vela PWN is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98029 </DOCNO>
A Heawood-type result for the algebraic connectivity of graphs on


  We prove that the algebraic connectivity a(G) of a graph embedded on a
nonplanar surface satisfies a Heawood-type result. More precisely, it is shown
that the algebraic connectivity of a surface S, defined as the supremum of a(G)
over all graphs that can be embedded in S, is equal to the chromatic number of
S. Furthermore, and with the possible exception of the Klein bottle, we prove
that this bound is attained only in the case of the maximal complete graph that
can be embedded in S. In the planar case, we show that, at least for some
classes of graphs which include the set of regular graphs, a(G) is less than or
equal to four. As an application of these results and techniques, we obtain a
lower bound for the genus of Ramanujan graphs.
  We also present some bounds for the asymptotic behaviour of a(G) for certain
classes of graphs as the number of vertices goes to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98524 </DOCNO>
The prime and primitive spectra of multiparameter quantum symplectic and


  We investigate a class of algebras that provides multiparameter versions of
both quantum symplectic space and quantum Euclidean $2n$-space. These algebras
encompass the graded quantized Weyl algebras, the quantized Heisenberg space,
and a class of algebras introduced by Oh. We describe the structure of the
prime and primitive ideals of these algebras. Other structural results include
normal separation and catenarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149847 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter, Quantum Gravity, Vacuum Energy, and Lorentz Invariance


  We discuss the problems of dark matter, quantum gravity, and vacuum energy
within the context of a theory for which Lorentz invariance is not postulated,
but instead emerges as a natural consequence in the physical regimes where it
has been tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75334 </DOCNO>
Flat Vacuum Branes Without Fine Tuning


  We construct solutions in purely gravitational bulk with flat vacuum branes
without fine tuning the constants of the theory. Our solutions incorporate one
or two branes and have topology S^1 \times R^4 without Z_2 symmetry. They are
not invariant under the four-dimensional Lorentz group effectively acting on
the brane, but the significance of this fact will become clear only after the
study of their perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3932 </DOCNO>
Novel Josephson Junction Geometries in NbCu bilayers fabricated by


  We explore novel junction configurations as an extension of our established
Focused Ion Beam-based low TC SNS Junction fabrication technique. By milling a
circular trench (diameter 1 micron, width 50 nm) in a 125 nm Nb 75 nm Cu
bilayer we define a superconducting island connected to the bulk of the film by
a normal metal barrier and entirely enclosed in-plane by the superconducting
film. The circular junction properties can be probed by depositing an
insulating layer over the device and drilling a 0.3 micron diameter hole down
to the island to allow a Nb via to be deposited. Device behavior has been
studied at 4.2 K. An SNS-like current voltage characteristic and Shapiro steps
are observed. It is in terms of magnetic field behavior that the device
exhibits novel characteristics: as the device is entirely enclosed in type II
superconductor, when a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plane of
the film, only quantized flux can enter the junction. Hence as applied magnetic
field is increased the junction critical current is unchanged, then abruptly
suppressed as soon as a flux quantum enters (close to the expected value of
lower critical field for the film).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2407 </DOCNO>
Growth-related profiles of remanent flux in bulk melt-textured YBaCuO


  We have studied the remanent magnetic flux distribution in bulk melt-textured
YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) crystals after their magnetization in quasi-static and pulsed
magnetic fields up to 6T. It has been shown that, provided that the magnetic
pulse is sharp enough and its amplitude much exceeds the twice penetration
magnetic field, the pulse magnetization technique becomes extremely sensitive
to the sample inhomogeneities. Using this method with appropriate parameters of
the magnetic pulse, we have particularly demonstrated that the growth of YBCO
crystals in the growth sectors (GSs) responds for a macroscopic arrangement of
weaks links -- they mostly appear inside of GSs, but not along the GS
boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126119 </DOCNO>
Are Stars with Planets Polluted?


  We compare the metallicities of stars with radial velocity planets to the
metallicity of a sample of field dwarfs. We confirm recent work indicating that
the stars-with-planet sample as a whole is iron rich. However, the lowest mass
stars tend to be iron poor, with several having [Fe/H]<-0.2, demonstrating that
high metallicity is not required for the formation of short period Jupiter-mass
planets. We show that the average [Fe/H] increases with increasing stellar mass
(for masses below 1.25 solar masses) in both samples, but that the increase is
much more rapid in the stars-with-planet sample. The variation of metallicity
with stellar age also differs between the two samples. We examine possible
selection effects related to variations in the sensitivity of radial velocity
surveys with stellar mass and metallicity, and identify a color cutoff
(B-V>0.48) that contributes to but does not explain the mass-metallicity trend
in the stars-with-planets sample. We use Monte Carlo models to show that adding
an average of 6.5 Earth masses of iron to each star can explain both the
mass-metallicity and the age-metallicity relations of the stars-with-planets
sample. However, for at least one star, HD 38529, there is good evidence that
the bulk metallicity is high. We conclude that the observed metallicities and
metallicity trends are the result of the interaction of three effects;
accretion of about 6 Earth masses of iron rich material, selection effects, and
in some cases, high intrinsic metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97046 </DOCNO>
Resonant normal forms as constrained linear systems


  We show that a nonlinear dynamical system in Poincare'-Dulac normal form (in
$\R^n$) can be seen as a constrained linear system; the constraints are given
by the resonance conditions satisfied by the spectrum of (the linear part of)
the system and identify a naturally invariant manifold for the flow of the
``parent'' linear system. The parent system is finite dimensional if the
spectrum satisfies only a finite number of resonance conditions, as implied
e.g. by the Poincare' condition. In this case our result can be used to
integrate resonant normal forms, and sheds light on the geometry behind the
classical integration method of Horn, Lyapounov and Dulac.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76661 </DOCNO>
The Physics of Flavor is the Flavor of Physics


  Summary Talk: International Conference of Flavor Physics (ICFP 2001).
Zhang-Jia-Jie. Hunan, China (May / June 2001)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128833 </DOCNO>
How Do Z and Atoll X-ray Binaries Differ?


  Low-mass X-ray binaries containing weakly magnetized neutron stars may be
divided into two classes, Z and atoll sources, based in large part upon the
patterns which they trace in plots of two X-ray colors. In this paper, we
examine color-color diagrams of nine atoll sources and five Z sources using
data from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. The five-year span of data we have
examined is significantly longer than those of previous studies. We find that
the previous clear distinction between atoll and Z sources may be an artifact
of incomplete sampling, as those atoll sources which are sampled over a wide
dynamic range in intensity (greater than a factor of 80) trace three-branched
color-color patterns similar to the tracks for which Z sources are named. This
suggests that the two classes are more intimately related than previously
realized, which also has been suggested based upon recent timing studies.
However, detailed differences in the spectral behavior of the two classes argue
against any simple unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4552 </DOCNO>
Interaction between a magnetic domain wall and a superconductor


  The interaction between a magnetic thin film and a superconductor is studied.
In particular, the equilibrium width of a Bloch wall is estimated with and
without the superconductor. It is shown that the Bloch wall experiences a small
shrinkage on cooling through the critical temperature of the superconductor.
Furthermore, the interaction between the Bloch wall and a single vortex is
estimated, and a simple expression for the force is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126637 </DOCNO>
Fabry-Perot Kinematics of HH 202, 203-204 in the Orion Nebula: Are they


  We present a kinematic study of the Herbig-Haro objects HH 202, 203 and 204
using Halpha and [NII] Fabry-Perot velocity maps. For HH 202 we find new
features that could belong to this HH object or that perhaps are associated
with an outflow different from HH 202. Because of its high velocity (up to 100
km/seg) this outflow probably can be a HH flow not catalogued previously. Large
internal motions are found in the fainter regions of HH 203-204, as well as
evidence of transverse density gradients. We show that the apex of HH 204 is
the zone of maximum velocity in agreement with bow shock models. From our
studies, we find kinematic evidence that suggests that HH 203-204 and HH 202
are part of a single and large (approx 0.55 pc) HH flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74819 </DOCNO>
Branes on the Horizon


  Models with extra dimensions are often invoked to resolve cosmological
problems. We investigate the possibility of apparent acausality as seen by a
brane-based observer resulting from signal propagation through the extra
dimensions. Null geodesics are first computed in static and cosmological
single-brane models, following which we derive the equations of motion for the
inter-brane distance in a two-brane scenario, which we use to examine possible
acausality in this more complex setup. Despite observing significant effective
acausality in some situations there is no a priori solution to the horizon
problem using this mechanism. In the two-brane scenario there can be
significant late time violation of gravitational Lorentz invariance, resulting
in the gravitational horizon being larger than the particle horizon, leading to
potential signals in gravitational wave detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168033 </DOCNO>
Quantum Approach to a Derivation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics


  We re-interprete the microcanonical conditions in the quantum domain as
constraints for the interaction of the "gas-subsystem" under consideration and
its environment ("container"). The time-average of a purity-measure is found to
equal the average over the respective path in Hilbert-space. We then show that
for typical (degenerate or non-degenerate) thermodynamical systems almost all
states within the allowed region of Hilbert-space have a local von
Neumann-entropy S close to the maximum and a purity P close to its minimum,
respectively. Typically thermodynamical systems should therefore obey the
second law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5361 </DOCNO>
The order of the metal to superconductor transition


  We present results from large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on the full
Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model, including fluctuations in the amplitude and the
phase of the matter-field, as well as fluctuations of the non-compact
gauge-field of the theory. {}From this we obtain a precise critical value of
the GL parameter $\kct$ separating a first order metal to superconductor
transition from a second order one, $\kct = (0.76\pm 0.04)/\sqrt{2}$. This
agrees surprisingly well with earlier analytical results based on a disorder
theory of the superconductor to metal transition, where the value
$\kct=0.798/\sqrt{2}$ was obtained. To achieve this, we have done careful
infinite volume and continuum limit extrapolations. In addition we offer a
novel interpretation of $\kct$, namely that it is also the value separating
\typeI and \typeII behaviour.<

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76205 </DOCNO>
Higgs Bosons at Muon Colliders


  We review the role of a muon collider in the study of Higgs bosons via
production in the s-channel. Very precise measurements of a Standard Model-like
Higgs boson mass and total width can be performed, and may lead to a
discrimination between a Standard Model Higgs boson and the light Higgs boson
of the minimal supersymmetric theory. The heavier Higgs bosons from a
supersymmetric theory or an exotic Higgs sector can be studied in the
s-channel. A muon collider may play a crucial role in separating the
overlapping signals for two heavy nearly degenerate Higgs bosons, and may play
an important role in precision tests of radiative corrections in the Higgs
sector. The measurements at a muon collider will be complementary to the Higgs
studies at the Large Hadron Collider and at an electron-positron Linear
Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114394 </DOCNO>
New Abeans for TINE Java Control Applications


  Abeans [1] (wide-interface accelerator Java beans developed at JSI) have in
the past been used with great success in control applications at ANKA and ESO
and on test cases at the SLS and Riken. At DESY, TINE [2] is used as the
principal control system for HERA as well as the intercommunication protocol
among the HERA experiments. To date, most TINE-based client-side applications
have been written using ACOP [3] (a narrow-interface accelerator component) in
Visual Basic (VB), which has provided a remarkably powerful developing
environment for generating professional control applications. Currently,
however, VB control applications can only run on Windows-based desktop machines
and consoles. As it is often desirable to provide certain control applications
on non-Windows platforms (or indeed over the Web), we have created an equally
powerful developing environment based on Java and the next release of Abeans,
where an ACOP-like narrow-interface bean has been developed. Like ACOP, the
Abean itself accepts plugs from various communication protocols, but was
brought to fruition at DESY using the TINE Java class. Details concerning
matching Abeans and TINE, as well as the pros and cons of wide versus narrow
interfaces will be presented below. Several applications will also presented
along with the results of benchmarking against similar VB applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 357 </DOCNO>
Stylized facts of financial markets and market crashes in Minority Games


  We present and study a Minority Game based model of a financial market where
adaptive agents -- the speculators -- interact with deterministic agents --
called producers. Speculators trade only if they detect predictable patterns
which grant them a positive gain. Indeed the average number of active
speculators grows with the amount of information that producers inject into the
market. Transitions between equilibrium and out of equilibrium behavior are
observed when the relative number of speculators to the complexity of
information or to the number of producers are changed. When the system is out
of equilibrium, stylized facts arise, such as fat tailed distribution of
returns and volatility clustering. Without speculators, the price follows a
random walk; this implies that stylized facts arise because of the presence of
speculators. Furthermore, if speculators abandon price taking behavior,
stylized facts disappear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113747 </DOCNO>
Surface Oscillations in Overdense Plasmas Irradiated by Ultrashort Laser


  The generation of electron surface oscillations in overdense plasmas
irradiated at normal incidence by an intense laser pulse is investigated.
Two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell simulations show a transition from a
planar, electrostatic oscillation at $2\omega$, with $\omega$ the laser
frequency, to a 2D electromagnetic oscillation at frequency $\omega$ and
wavevector $k>\omega/c$. A new electron parametric instability, involving the
decay of a 1D electrostatic oscillation into two surface waves, is introduced
to explain the basic features of the 2D oscillations. This effect leads to the
rippling of the plasma surface within a few laser cycles, and is likely to have
a strong impact on laser interaction with solid targets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2061 </DOCNO>
Loop symmetry of integrable vertex models at roots of unity


  It has been recently discovered in the context of the six vertex or XXZ model
in the fundamental representation that new symmetries arise when the anisotropy
parameter $(q+q^{-1})/2$ is evaluated at roots of unity $q^{N}=1$. These new
symmetries have been linked to an $U(A^{(1)}_1)$ invariance of the transfer
matrix and the corresponding spin-chain Hamiltonian.In this paper these results
are generalized for odd primitive roots of unity to all vertex models
associated with trigonometric solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation by invoking
representation independent methods which only take the algebraic structure of
the underlying quantum groups $U_q(\hat g)$ into account. Here $\hat g$ is an
arbitrary Kac-Moody algebra. Employing the notion of the boost operator it is
then found that the Hamiltonian and the transfer matrix of the integrable model
are invariant under the action of $U(\hat{g})$. For the simplest case $\hat
g=A_1^{(1)}$ the discussion is also extended to even primitive roots of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6706 </DOCNO>
Multi-vortex states of a thin superconducting disk in a step-like


  The vortex states in a thin mesoscopic disk are investigated within the
phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory in the presence of a step-like external
magnetic field with zero average which could model the field resulting from a
ferromagnetic disk or a current carrying loop. The regions of existence of the
multi-vortex state and the giant vortex state are found. We analyzed the phase
transitions between them and found regions in which ring-shaped vortices
contribute. Furthermore, we found a vortex state consisting of a central giant
vortex surrounded by a collection of anti-vortices that are located in a ring
around this giant vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127285 </DOCNO>
The redshift and scale dependence of the cosmic shear signal from


  The weak lensing shear signal has been measured in $N$-body simulations on
angular scales of $\theta = 0.5'$ to 32' and for sources at 14 different
redshifts ($z_s = 0.1$ to 3.6). This paper reports on the scale and redshift
dependence of the shear variance, $<\gamma^2>$, which may be described by a
simple formula of the form $<\gamma^2>(\theta,z_s) = a(\theta)z_s^{b(\theta)}$.
The redshift dependence of the shear signal, for source redshifts up to 1.6, is
found to be $\sim z_s^{2.05}$, which is a stronger dependence than predicted
analytically ($<\gamma^2 > \propto z_s^{1.52}$). However, at higher redshifts,
the $z_s$ dependence of the shear variance is clearly less steep. Equations are
also given for the variance in the reduced shear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124636 </DOCNO>
X-ray, Optical, and Radio Observations of the Type II Supernovae 1999em


  Observations of the Type II-P (plateau) Supernova (SN) 1999em and Type IIn
(narrow emission line) SN 1998S have enabled estimation of the profile of the
SN ejecta, the structure of the circumstellar medium (CSM) established by the
pre-SN stellar wind, and the nature of the shock interaction. SN 1999em is the
first Type II-P detected at both X-ray and radio wavelengths. The Chandra X-ray
data indicate non-radiative interaction of SN ejecta with a power-law density
profile (rho \propto r^{-n} with n ~ 7) with a pre-SN wind with a low mass-loss
rate of ~2 \times 10^{-6} M_sun/yr for a wind velocity of 10 km/sec, in
agreement with radio mass-loss rate estimates. The Chandra data show an
unexpected, temporary rise in the 0.4--2.0 keV X-ray flux at ~100 days after
explosion. SN 1998S, at an age of >3 years, is still bright in X-rays and is
increasing in flux density at cm radio wavelengths. Spectral fits to the
Chandra data show that many heavy elements (Ne, Al, Si, S, Ar, and Fe) are
overabundant with respect to solar values. We compare the observed elemental
abundances and abundance ratios to theoretical calculations and find that our
data are consistent with a progenitor mass of approximately 15-20 M_sun if the
heavy element ejecta are radially mixed out to a high velocity. If the X-ray
emission is from the reverse shock wave region, the supernova density profile
must be moderately flat at a velocity ~10^4 km/sec, the shock front is
non-radiative at the time of the observations, and the mass-loss rate is 1-2
\times 10^{-4} M_sun/yr for a pre-supernova wind velocity of 10 km/sec. This
result is also supported by modeling of the radio emission which implies that
SN 1998S is surrounded by a clumpy or filamentary CSM established by a high
mass-loss rate, ~2 \times 10^{-4} M_sun/yr, from the pre-supernova star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1086 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Superconducting $Mg^{10}B_2$


  Transport and thermodynamic properties of a sintered pellet of the newly
discovered $MgB_2$ superconductor have been measured to determine the
characteristic critical magnetic fields and critical current densities. Both
resistive transition and magnetization data give similar values of the upper
critical field, $H_{c2}$, with magnetization data giving $dH_{c2}/dT=0.44~T/K$
at the transition temperature of $T_c=40.2 K$. Close to the transition
temperature, magnetization curves are thermodynamically reversible, but at low
temperatures the trapped flux can be on the order of one Tesla. The value of
$dH_c/dT$ at $T_c$ is estimated to be about $12~mT/K$, a value similar to
classical superconductors like Sn. Hence, the Ginsburg-Landau parameter $\kappa
\sim 26$. Estimates of the critical supercurrent density, $J_c$, using
hysteresis loops and the Bean model give critical current densities on the
order of $10^5~A/cm^2$. Hence the supercurrent coupling through the grain
boundaries is comparable to intermetallics like $Nb_3Sn$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76500 </DOCNO>
Precision determination of Vub


  We review how to determine |Vub| from inclusive semileptonic B decay using
combined cuts on the leptonic and hadronic invariant masses to eliminate the b
-> c background. This leads to a determination of |Vub| with theoretical
uncertainty at the 5 -10% level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40913 </DOCNO>
Determination of nuclear parton distributions


  Parametrization of nuclear parton distributions is investigated in the
leading order of alpha_s. The parton distributions are provided at Q^2=1 GeV^2
with a number of parameters, which are determined by a chi^2 analysis of the
data on nuclear structure functions. Quadratic or cubic functional form is
assumed for the initial distributions. Although valence quark distributions in
the medium x region are relatively well determined, the small x distributions
depend slightly on the assumed functional form. It is difficult to determine
the antiquark distributions at medium x and gluon distributions. From the
analysis, we propose parton distributions at Q^2=1 GeV^2 for nuclei from
deuteron to heavy ones with the mass number A~208. They are provided either
analytical expressions or computer subroutines for practical usage. Our studies
should be important for understanding the physics mechanism of the nuclear
modification and also for applications to heavy-ion reactions. This kind of
nuclear parametrization should also affect existing parametrization studies in
the nucleon because "nuclear" data are partially used for obtaining the optimum
distributions in the "nucleon".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73445 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Scattering at Very High Energies


  We discuss the current understanding of nuclear scattering at very high
energies. We point out several serious inconsistencies in nowadays models,
which provide big problems for any interpretation of data at high energy
nuclear collisions. We outline how to develop a fully self-consistent
formalism, which in addition uses all the knowledge available from studying
electron-positron annihilation and deep inelastic scattering, providing a solid
basis for further developments concerning secondary interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7031 </DOCNO>
Ordering in Heisenberg Spin Glasses


  For five different Heisenberg spin glass systems, torque experiments were
performed in applied magnetic fields up to 4 T. The Dzyaloshinski-Moriya random
anisotropy strengths, the in-field torque onset temperatures, and the torque
relaxation were measured. Critical exponents were estimated independently using
a standard protocol. The data are strong evidence for a true spin glass ordered
state which survives under high applied magnetic fields; they can be
interpreted consistently in terms of a chiral ordering model with replica
symmetry breaking proposed by Kawamura and coworkers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6487 </DOCNO>
Ab Initio Evidence for the Formation of Impurity d(3z^2-r^2) Holes in


  Using the spin unrestricted Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr density functional, we
computed the electronic structure of explicitly doped La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4 (x =
0.125, 0.25, and 0.5). At each doping level, an impurity hole band is formed
within the undoped insulating gap. This band is well-localized to CuO_6
octahedra adjacent to the Sr impurities. The nature of the impurity hole is
A_{1g} in symmetry, formed primarily from the z^2 orbital on the Cu and p_z
orbitals on the apical O's. There is a strong triplet coupling of this hole
with the intrinsic B_{1g} Cu x^2-y^2/O1 p_{sigma} hole on the same site.
Optimization of the c coordinate of the apical O's in the doped CuO_6
octahedron lead to an asymmetric anti-Jahn-Teller distortion of the O2 atoms
toward the central Cu. In particular, the O2 atom between the Cu and Sr is
displaced 0.26 A while the O2 atom between the Cu and La is displaced 0.10 A.
Contrary to expectations, investigation of a 0.1 A enhanced Jahn-Teller
distortion of this octahedron does not force formation of an x^2-y^2 hole, but
instead leads to migration of the z^2 hole to the four other CuO_6 octahedra
surrounding the Sr impurity. This latter observation offers a simple
explanation for the bifurcation of the Sr-O2 distance revealed in x-ray
absorption fine structure data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77105 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Tests of Lorentz and CPT Symmetry


  A review is presented of some recent Lorentz and CPT tests in atomic and
particle systems where the predominant interactions are described by quantum
electrodynamics. A theoretical framework extending QED in the context of the
standard model is used to analyze these systems. Experimental signatures of
possible Lorentz and CPT violation are investigated, and bounds are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168925 </DOCNO>
Quantum-optical states in finite-dimensional Hilbert space. I. General


  The interest in quantum-optical states confined in finite-dimensional Hilbert
spaces has recently been stimulated by the progress in quantum computing,
quantum-optical state preparation, and measurement techniques, in particular,
by the development of the discrete quantum-state tomography. In the first part
of our review we present two essentially different approaches to define
harmonic oscillator states in the finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. One of
them is related to the truncation scheme of Pegg, Phillips and Barnett [Phys.
Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] -- the so-called quantum scissors device. The
second method corresponds to the truncation scheme of Leo\'nski and Tana\'s
[Phys. Rev. A 49, R20 (1994)]. We propose some new definitions of the states
related to these truncation schemes and find their explicit forms in the Fock
representation. We discuss finite-dimensional generalizations of coherent
states, phase coherent states, displaced number states, Schr\"odinger cats, and
squeezed vacuum. We show some intriguing properties of the states with the help
of the discrete Wigner function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 117 </DOCNO>
Magnetization in quasiperiodic magnetic multilayers with biquadratic


  A theoretical study of the magnetization curves of quasiperiodic magnetic
multilayers is presented. We consider structures composed by ferromagnetic
films (Fe) with interfilm exchange coupling provided by intervening
nonferromagnetic layers (Cr). The theory is based on a realistic
phenomenological model, which includes the following contributions to the free
magnetic energy: Zeeman, cubic anisotropy, bilinear and biquadratic exchange
energies. The experimental parameters used here are based on experimental data
recently reported, which contain sufficiently strong biquadratic exchange
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 158 </DOCNO>
Strong interconversion of non-polar phonons and Josephson plasma


  We analyze consequences of dynamical modulations of Josephson current by
non-polar lattice mode in the Josephson junction barrier. In the high $T_c$
junctions, the effect of such modulations can be anomalously strong due to the
proximity of the insulating barrier to the superconducting state. Accordingly,
the interconversion of sound (as well as other non-polar phonons) and the
Josephson plasma oscillations mediated by stationary Josephson currents, which
may be present in the junction due to various reasons, becomes possible. We
suggest that this effect can be employed for imaging of the stationary
Josephson currents. Estimates of the effect are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113562 </DOCNO>
Wave packet propagation study of the charge transfer interaction in the


  The electron transfer between an $F^{-}$ ion and $Cu(111)$ and $Ag(111)$
surfaces is studied by the wave packet propagation method in order to determine
specifics of the charge transfer interaction between the negative ion and the
metal surface due to the projected band gap. A new modeling of the $F^{-}$ ion
is developed that allows one to take into account the six quasi-equivalent
electrons of $F^{-}$ which are {\it a priori} active in the charge transfer
process. The new model invokes methods of constrained quantum dynamics. The
six-electron problem is transformed to two one-electron problems linked via a
constraint. The projection method is used to develop a wave packet propagation
subject to the modeling constraint. The characteristics (energy and width) of
the ion $F^{-}$ ion level interacting with the two surfaces are determined and
discussed in connection with the surface projected band gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7307 </DOCNO>
Persistence solves Fermi Paradox but challenges SETI projects


  Persistence phenomena in colonization processes could explain the negative
results of SETI search preserving the possibility of a galactic civilization.
However, persistence phenomena also indicates that search of technological
civilizations in stars in the neighbourhood of Sun is a misdirected SETI
strategy. This last conclusion is also suggested by a weaker form of the Fermi
paradox. A simple model of a branching colonization which includes emergence,
decay and branching of civilizations is proposed. The model could also be used
in the context of ant nests diffusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124601 </DOCNO>
Exploring Topology of the Universe in the Cosmic Microwave Background


  We study the effect of global topology of the spatial geometry on the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) for closed flat and closed hyperbolic models in
which the spatial hypersurface is multiply connected. If the CMB temperature
fluctuations were entirely produced at the last scattering, then the
large-angle fluctuations would be much suppressed in comparison with the simply
connected counterparts which is at variance with the observational data.
However, as we shall show in this thesis, for low matter density models the
observational constraints are less stringent since a large amount of
large-angle fluctuations could be produced at late times. On the other hand, a
slight suppression in large-angle temperature correlations in such models
explains rather naturally the observed anomalously low quadrupole which is
incompatible with the prediction of the ``standard''
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker-Lemaitre models. Interestingly, moreover, the
development in the astronomical observation technology has made it possible to
directly explore the imprint of the non-trivial topology by looking for
identical objects so called ``ghosts'' in wide separated directions. For the
CMB temperature fluctuations identical patterns would appear on a pair of
circles in the sky. Another interesting feature is the non-Gaussianity in the
temperature fluctuations. Inhomogeneous and anisotropic Gaussian fluctuations
for a particular choice of position and orientation are regarded as
non-Gaussian fluctuations for a homogeneous and isotropic ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97202 </DOCNO>
Harmonic Hopf Constructions Between Spheres II


  We prove that a necessary condition for the existence of the remaining
problem in the harmonic Hopf construction is also sufficient. We also give some
topological applications based on our result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3452 </DOCNO>
The Random-bond Potts model in the large-q limit


  We study the critical behavior of the q-state Potts model with random
ferromagnetic couplings. Working with the cluster representation the partition
sum of the model in the large-q limit is dominated by a single graph, the
fractal properties of which are related to the critical singularities of the
random Potts model. The optimization problem of finding the dominant graph, is
studied on the square lattice by simulated annealing and by a combinatorial
algorithm. Critical exponents of the magnetization and the correlation length
are estimated and conformal predictions are compared with numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129250 </DOCNO>
Antiprotons from primordial black holes


  Primordial black holes (PBHs) have motivated many studies since it was shown
that they should evaporate and produce all kinds of particles. Recent
experimental measurements of cosmic rays with great accuracy, theoretical
investigations on the possible formation mechanisms and detailed evaporation
processes have revived the interest in such astrophysical objects. This article
aims at using the latest developments on antiproton propagation models together
with new data from BESS, CAPRICE and AMS experiments to constrain the local
amount of PBH dark matter. Depending on the diffusion halo parameters and on
the details of emission mechanism, we derive an average upper limit of the
order of rho < 1.7E-33 g cm^-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1244 </DOCNO>
Ordering at two length scales in comb-coil diblock copolymers consisting


  The microphase separated morphology of a melt of a specific class of
comb-coil diblock copolymers, consisting of an AB comb block and a linear
homopolymer A block, is analyzed in the weak segregation limit. On increasing
the length of the homopolymer A block, the systems go through a characteristic
series of structural transitions. Starting from the pure comb copolymer the
first series of structures involve the short length scale followed by
structures involving the large length scale. A maximum of two critical points
exists. Furthermore, in the two parameter space, characterizing the comb-coil
diblock copolymer molecules considered, a non-trivial bifurcation point exists
beyond which the structure factor can have two maxima (two correlation hole
peaks).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6979 </DOCNO>
The attainable superconducting Tc in a model of phase coherence by


  The onset of macroscopic phase coherence in superconducting cuprates is
considered to be determined by random percolation between mesoscopic
Jahn-Teller pairs, stripes or clusters. The model is found to predict the onset
of superconductivity near 6% doping, maximum Tc near 15% doping and Tc= T* at
optimum doping, and accounts for the destruction of superconductivity by Zn
doping near 7%. The model also predicts a relation between the pairing
(pseudogap) energy and Tc in terms of experimentally measurable quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73432 </DOCNO>
Relativistic quark models of baryons with instantaneous forces


  This is the first of a series of three papers treating light baryon
resonances (up to 3 GeV) within a relativistically covariant quark model based
on the three-fermion Bethe-Salpeter equation with instantaneous two- and
three-body forces. In this paper we give a unified description of the
theoretical background and demonstrate how to solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation
by a reduction to the Salpeter equation. The specific new features of our
covariant Salpeter model with respect to the usual nonrelativistic quark model
are discussed in detail. The purely theoretical results obtained in this paper
will be applied numerically to explicit quark models for light baryons in two
subsequent papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6370 </DOCNO>
Anderson localization of polaron states


  We study the localization of a single polaron in a disordered system within
the context of the Anderson-Holstein model. Adopting the statistical dynamical
mean field approximation, we calculate the typical polaron tunneling rate and
use the vanishing of this rate as an indicator for the breakdown of itinerancy.
We find that the ratio between the critical disorder strength needed to
localize all states in the (lowest) polaron band and the polaron band width is
not necessarily smaller than the corresponding ratio for a bare electron.
Specifically in the adiabatic intermediate-to-strong coupling regime,
long-range tunneling induced by the electron-phonon interaction substantially
suppresses the effect of disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168124 </DOCNO>
Verifying Atom Entanglement Schemes by Testing Bell's Inequality


  Recent experiments to test Bell's inequality using entangled photons and ions
aimed at tests of basic quantum mechanical principles. Interesting results have
been obtained and many loopholes could be closed. In this paper we want to
point out that tests of Bell's inequality also play an important role in
verifying atom entanglement schemes. We describe as an example a scheme to
prepare arbitrary entangled states of N two-level atoms using a leaky optical
cavity and a scheme to entangle atoms inside a photonic crystal. During the
state preparation no photons are emitted and observing a violation of Bell's
inequality is the only way to test whether a scheme works with a high precision
or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127575 </DOCNO>
3D Identification and Reconstruction of z~1 Clusters: Prospects for the


  We have developed a geometrical method based on 3D Voronoi polyhedra and
Delaunay tessellation for identifying and reconstructing clusters of galaxies
in the next generation of deep, flux-limited redshift surveys. We here describe
this algorithm and tests of it using mock catalogs that simulate the
DEEP2/DEIMOS redshift survey, which will begin observations in the Spring of
2002 and will provide a detailed three dimensional map of the large scale
structure up to redshift 1.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149731 </DOCNO>
Fivebranes Wrapped on SLAG Three-Cycles and Related Geometry


  We construct ten-dimensional supergravity solutions corresponding to the near
horizon limit of IIB fivebranes wrapping special Lagrangian three-cycles of
constant curvature. The case of branes wrapping a three-sphere provides a
gravity dual of pure N=2 super-Yang-Mills theory in D=3. The non-trivial part
of the solutions are seven manifolds that admit two G_2 structures each of
which is covariantly constant with respect to a different connection with
torsion. We derive a formula for the generalised calibration for this general
class of solutions. We discuss analogous aspects of the geometry that arises
when fivebranes wrap other supersymmetric cycles which lead to Spin(7) and
SU(N) structures. In some cases there are two covariantly constant structures
and in others one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6326 </DOCNO>
Landau--Zener interferometry for qubits


  One may probe intrinsic coherence of a qubit by periodically sweeping its
control parameter. The qubit is then excited by Landau--Zener (LZ) mechanism.
The interference between multiple LZ transition leads to the unusual
oscillatory dependence of the energy absorption rate on sweeping amplitude and
period. This interference pattern allows to determine the decoherence time of
the qubit. We introduce a simple phenomenological model describing this
``interferometer'', and find the form of the interference pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2635 </DOCNO>
Shapes and textures of ferromagnetic liquid droplets


  Theoretical calculations, computer simulations and experiments indicate the
possible existence of a ferromagnetic liquid state. Should such a state exist,
demagnetization effects would force a nontrivial magnetization texture governed
by the shape of the liquid droplet. Since liquid droplets are deformable, the
droplet shape couples to the magnetization texture. This paper solves the joint
shape/texture problem subject to the assumption of cylindrical droplet
symmetry. The shape undergoes a change in topology from spherical to toroidal
as exchange energy grows or surface tension decreases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99238 </DOCNO>
Complex structures on the Iwasawa manifold


  We identify the space of left-invariant oriented complex structures on the
complex Heisenberg group, and prove that it has the homotopy type of the
disjoint union of a point and a 2-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179291 </DOCNO>
Polarization Phenomena in Hadronic and Nuclear Processes in Threshold


  The threshold region for processes of hadronic and nuclear interactions is
very interesting for a theoretical as well as an experimental point of view. In
this region one can apply different physical methods, starting from classical
current algebra methods - for processes invloving soft pions, through effective
Lagrangian approaches - or perturbative chiral symmetry theory (ChPT). The
essential simplification of the spin structure of matrix elements for threshold
regime results in better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and allows
the analysis of polarization phenomena. A dedicated formalism is developed here
for a wide class of processes including even such complicated processes as
production of pseudoscalar and vector mesons in nucleon-nucleon collisions.
Many interesting physical problems are discussed: hidden strangeness of
nucleons and OZI-violation, $\eta N$ -and $\omega N$ interactions in S-state,
the determination of P-parity of strange particles. Special attention is
devoted to the analysis of the spin structure and polarization phenomena for
nuclear processes with light nuclei which have important applications in
fundamental astrophysics and in nuclear fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4054 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the resistance in p-SiGe over a wide temperature range


  The temperature dependence of a system exhibiting a `metal-insulator
transition in two dimensions at zero magnetic field' (MIT) is studied up to
90K. Using a classical scattering model we are able to simulate the
non-monotonic temperature dependence of the resistivity in the metallic high
density regime. We show that the temperature dependence arises from a complex
interplay of metallic and insulating contributions contained in the calculation
of the scattering rate $1/\td(E,T)$, each dominating in a limited temperature
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168204 </DOCNO>
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradox for continuous variables


  We show how to construct states for which a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger type
paradox occurs if each party measures either the position or momentum of his
particle. The paradox can be ascribed to the anticommutation of certain
translation operators in phase space. We then rephrase the paradox in terms of
modular and binary variables. The origin of the paradox is then due to the fact
that the associativity of addition of modular variables is true only for
c-numbers but does not hold for operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129650 </DOCNO>
A 2.4-80 micron spectrophotometric study of SS433 with ISO


  We present ISOPHOT spectrophotometric observations of SS433 at four different
orbital phases in 1996 and 1997. The HeI+HeII lines in both spectra of SS433
and the Wolf-Rayet star WR147, a WN8+BO5 binary system, closely match. The
2.5-12 micron continuum radiation is due to an expanding wind free-free
emission in an intermediate case between optically thick and optically thin
regime. A rough mass loss rate evaluation gives about 1.4 10^{-4} M_sun/yr.
Results are consistent with a Wolf-Rayet-like companion to the compact object
in SS433.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74183 </DOCNO>
The Instanton Universal Moduli Space of N=2 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills


  We use the recursive structure of the compactification of the instanton
moduli space of N=2 Super Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(2), to
construct, by inductive limit, a universal moduli space which includes all the
multi-instanton moduli spaces. Furthermore, with the aim of understanding the
field theoretic structure of the strong coupling expansion, we perform the
Borel sum which acts on the parameter defining such a universal moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41820 </DOCNO>
Search for Leptoquarks in Electron-Photon Scattering at sqrt(s_ee) up to


  Searches for first generation scalar and vector leptoquarks, and for squarks
in R-parity violating SUSY models with the direct decay of the squark into
Standard Model particles, have been performed using e+e- collisions collected
with the OPAL detector at LEP at e+e- centre-of-mass energies between 189 and
209 GeV. No excess of events is found over the expectation from Standard Model
background processes. Limits are computed on the leptoquark couplings for
different values of the branching ratio to electron-quark final states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148203 </DOCNO>
Holography and Stiff-matter on the Brane


  Recently, Verlinde noted a surprising similarity between Friedmann equation
governing radiation dominated universe and Cardy's entropy formula in conformal
field theory. In this note, we study a brane-universe filled with radiation and
stiff-matter. We analyze Friedmann equation in this context and compare our
results with Cardy's entropy formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3272 </DOCNO>
Angular quantization and the density matrix renormalization group


  Path integral techniques for the density matrix of a one-dimensional
statistical system near a boundary previously employed in black-hole physics
are applied to providing a new interpretation of the density matrix
renormalization group: its efficacy is due to the concentration of quantum
states near the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129704 </DOCNO>
QSOs and Spheroidal Galaxies


  In view of the extensive evidence of tight inter-relationships between
spheroidal galaxies (and galactic bulges) with massive black holes hosted at
their centers, a consistent model must deal jointly with the evolution of the
two components. We describe one such model, which successfully accounts for the
local luminosity function of spheroidal galaxies, for their photometric and
chemical properties, for deep galaxy counts in different wavebands, including
those in the (sub)-mm region which proved to be critical for current
semi-analytic models stemming from the standard hierarchical clustering
picture, for clustering properties of SCUBA galaxies, of EROs, and of LBGs, as
well as for the local mass function of massive black holes and for quasar
evolution. Predictions that can be tested by surveys carried out by SIRTF are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148082 </DOCNO>
Graviton Absorption by Non-BPS Branes


  We consider the behaviour of neutral non-BPS branes probed by scalars and
gravitons. We show that the naked singularity of the non-BPS branes is a {\it
repulson} absorbing no incoming radiation. The naked singularity is surrounded
by an infinite potential well breaking the unitarity of the scattering
S-matrix. We compute the absorption cross section which is infrared divergent.
In particular this confirms that gravity does not decouple for the non-BPS
branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129457 </DOCNO>
Pseudo Elliptical NFW Lensing Mass Model


  In this letter we introduce analytical expressions for a pseudo-elliptical
projected Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW) mass profile to be used in lensing
equations. The formalism developed here incorporates the ellipticity into the
expression for the deflection angle, with the result that the associated mass
distribution is pseudo-elliptical. This approach can be applied to any circular
mass profile for which the projected mass profile Sigma(r) and the deflection
angle profile alpha(r) both have analytical expressions. Here, we apply this
new formalism to the NFW profile and study how well this pseudo-elliptical NFW
model describes an elliptical mass distribution. We conclude that the
pseudo-elliptical NFW model is a good description of elliptical mass
distributions provided that the ellipticity of the projected mass distribution
is <~ 0.5, although with a slightly boxy distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124575 </DOCNO>
Analysis of hysteresis effect in p mode frequency shifts and solar


  Using intermediate degree p mode frequency data sets for solar cycle 22, we
find that the frequency shifts and magnetic indices show a `hysteresis'
phenomenon. It is observed that the magnetic indices follow different paths for
the ascending and descending phases of the solar cycle, the descending path
always seems to follow a higher track than the ascending one. However, for the
radiative indices, the paths cross each other indicating phase reversal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75506 </DOCNO>
CP Violation - A New Era


  We give a pedagogical review of the theory of CP violation with emphasis on
the implications of recent experimental results. The review includes: (i) A
detailed description of how CP violation arises in the Standard Model and in
its extension that allows for neutrino masses; (ii) The formalism of CP
violation in meson decays and its application to various K decays (\epsilon_K,
\epsilon^\prime and K\to\pi\nu\nu), D decays (D\to K\pi and D\to KK) and B
decays (B\to\ell\nu X, B\to\psi K_S and B\to\pi\pi, including a discussion of
the `penguin pollution' problem); (iii) Supersymmetry: the CP problems and the
use of CP violation as a probe of the mechanism of dynamical supersymmetry
breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114459 </DOCNO>
Classical collisional trajectories as the source of strong-field double


  In this paper, a quasistatic model is extended to describe the double
ionization of Helium in intense linearly polarized field, yielding achieve an
insight to the two-electron correlation effect in the ionization dynamics. Our
numerical calculations reproduce the excessive double ionization and the
photoelectron spectra observed experimentally both quantitatively and
qualitatively. Moreover, it is shown that the classical collisional
trajectories are the main source of the double ionization in the knee regime
and responsible for the unusual angular distribution of the photoelectrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83518 </DOCNO>
Decomposing Finite Abelian Groups


  This paper describes a quantum algorithm for efficiently decomposing finite
Abelian groups. Such a decomposition is needed in order to apply the Abelian
hidden subgroup algorithm. Such a decomposition (assuming the Generalized
Riemann Hypothesis) also leads to an efficient algorithm for computing class
numbers (known to be at least as difficult as factoring).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113915 </DOCNO>
The Kraichnan-Kazantsev dynamo


  The problem of the dynamo effect for a Kraichnan incompressible helicity-free
velocity field is considered. Exploiting a quantum formalism first introduced
by Kazantsev (A.P. Kazantsev, Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1031-1034 (1968)), we show
that a critical magnetic Reynolds number exists for the presence of dynamo. The
value of the Prandtl number influences the spatial distribution of the magnetic
field and its growth in time. The magnetic field correlation length is always
the largest between the diffusive scale and the viscous scale of the flow. In
the same way the field growth is characterized by a time scale that corresponds
to the largest between the diffusive and the viscous characteristic time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1323 </DOCNO>
Fractional and unquantized dc voltage generation in THz-driven


  We consider the spontaneous creation of a dc voltage across a strongly
coupled semiconductor superlattice subjected to THz radiation. We show that the
dc voltage may be approximately proportional either to an integer or to a half-
integer multiple of the frequency of the applied ac field, depending on the
ratio of the characteristic scattering rates of conducting electrons. For the
case of an ac field frequency less than the characteristic scattering rates, we
demonstrate the generation of an unquantized dc voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41602 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity and inclusive momentum


  The charged-particle multiplicity distribution and the inclusive momentum
distribution, in terms of the variable xi, are measured for all hadronic events
as well as for light-quark and b-quark events in e+e- collisions at the Z pole.
Moments of the charged-particle multiplicity distributions are calculated, and
the peak positions of the xi distributions determined.
     The multiplicity distributions are studied in terms of their H moments.
Their quasi-oscillations when plotted versus the rank of the moment are
compared with different theoretical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81028 </DOCNO>
Improvement and Renormalization Constants in O(a) Improved Lattice QCD


  We present results at beta=6.0 and 6.2 for the O(a) improvement and
renormalization constants for bilinear operators using axial and vector Ward
identities. We discuss the extraction of the mass dependence of the
renormalization constants and the coefficients of the equation of motion
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73939 </DOCNO>
QED Radiative Corrections to Asymmetries of Elastic ep-scattering in


  Compact analytical formulae for QED radiative corrections in the processes of
elastic $e-p$ scattering are obtained in the case when kinematic variables are
reconstructed from the recoil proton momentum measured. Numerical analysis is
presented under kinematic conditions of current experiments at JLab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74269 </DOCNO>
B-meson dileptonic decays enhanced by supersymmetry with large


  We examined the rare decays $B\to X_s\ell^+\ell^-$ and
$B_s\to\ell^+\ell^-\gamma$ in the minimal supersymmetric model with large
$\tan\beta$. Taking into account the gluino-loop and neutralino-loop effects,
we found that for a large $\tan\beta$ the neutral Higgs exchanging diagrams
could enhance $Br(B\to X_s\tau^+\tau^-)$ by a factor of 5 and
$Br(B_s\to\tau^+\tau^-\gamma)$ by a couple of orders in some part of
supersymmetric parameter space allowed by current experiments such as $b\to
s\gamma, B\to K^{(*)}\ell^+\ell^-$ and $B_s\to\ell^+\ell^-$. The
forward-backward asymmetry and the distributions of differential branching
ratios are also found to differ significantly from the standard model results.
  Such enhanced branching ratios reach the level of $10^{-5}$ and thus might be
observable in the new generation of B experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85781 </DOCNO>
Emission of gravitational radiation from ultra-relativistic sources


  Recent observations suggest that blobs of matter are ejected with
ultra-relativistic speeds in various astrophysical phenomena such as supernova
explosions, quasars, and microquasars. In this paper we analyze the
gravitational radiation emitted when such an ultra-relativistic blob is ejected
from a massive object. We express the gravitational wave by the metric
perturbation in the transverse-traceless gauge, and calculate its amplitude and
angular dependence. We find that in the ultra-relativistic limit the
gravitational wave has a wide angular distribution, like $1+\cos\theta$. The
typical burst's frequency is Doppler shifted, with the blue-shift factor being
strongly beamed in the forward direction. As a consequence, the energy flux
carried by the gravitational radiation is beamed. In the second part of the
paper we estimate the anticipated detection rate of such bursts by a
gravitational-wave detector, for blobs ejected in supernova explosions. Dar and
De Rujula recently proposed that ultra-relativistic blobs ejected from the
central core in supernova explosions constitute the source of Gamma-ray bursts.
Substituting the most likely values of the parameters as suggested by their
model, we obtain an estimated detection rate of about 1 per year by the
advanced LIGO-II detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1638 </DOCNO>
Competing Spin-Gap Phases in a Frustrated Quantum Spin System in Two


  We investigate quantum phase transitions among the spin-gap phases and the
magnetically ordered phases in a two-dimensional frustrated antiferromagnetic
spin system, which interpolates several important models such as the
orthogonal-dimer model as well as the model on the 1/5-depleted square lattice.
By computing the ground state energy, the staggered susceptibility and the spin
gap by means of the series expansion method, we determine the ground-state
phase diagram and discuss the role of geometrical frustration. In particular,
it is found that a RVB-type spin-gap phase proposed recently for the
orthogonal-dimer system is adiabatically connected to the plaquette phase known
for the 1/5-depleted square-lattice model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127452 </DOCNO>
An upper limit on the X-ray luminosity of the black hole - microlens


  We present an upper limit on the 3--20 keV X-ray flux from the black hole -
microlens OGLE-1999-BUL-32, based on RXTE/PCA scans over the Galactic Center
region in 1999-2000. It is shown that the X-ray luminosity of the black hole
did not exceed L(3-20 keV)<3e33(d/1kpc)^2 ergs/s (where d is the distance to
the black hole). Near the maximum of the background star amplification by the
microlens (July 6, 1999), the upper limit on the X-ray flux corresponds to an
X-ray luminosity L(3-20 keV)<7e33(d/1kpc)^2 ergs/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148413 </DOCNO>
AdS/CFT and quantum-corrected brane entropy


  It is shown that quantum-induced (inflationary) brane Universe occurs in the
bulk 5d AdS black hole in accordance with AdS/CFT correspondence. Brane stress
tensor is induced by quantum effects of dual CFT and brane crosses the horizon
of AdS black hole. Quantum-corrected Hubble constant, Hawking temperature and
entropy are found on the brane (and at the horizon). The similarity between CFT
entropy at the horizon and FRW equations is extended on the quantum level. This
suggests the way to understand cosmological entropy bounds in quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72696 </DOCNO>
Standard-Model-like scenarios in the 2HDM and Photon Collider potential


  After operations at the LHC and e^+e^- Linear Colliders it may be found that
a Standard-Model-like scenario is realized. In this scenario no new particle
will be discovered, except a single Higgs boson having partial widths or
coupling constants with fundamental particles, whose squares are close, within
anticipated experimental uncertainty, to those of the SM. Experiments at a
Photon Collider can resolve whether the SM or e.g. the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model
is realized in Nature.
  For the SM-like realizations of the 2HDM (II) we study the loop couplings of
the Higgs boson with \gamma\gamma and Z \gamma, and also with gluons. The
deviation of the two-photon width from its SM value is generally higher than
the expected inaccuracy in the measurement of \Gamma_{\gamma \gamma} at a
Photon Collider. The deviation is sensitive to the parameters of the Higgs self
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74983 </DOCNO>
Application of Pauli-Villars regularization and discretized light-cone


  We apply Pauli-Villars regularization and discretized light-cone quantization
to the nonperturbative solution of (3+1)-dimensional Yukawa theory in a
single-fermion truncation. Three heavy scalars, including two with negative
norm, are used to regulate the theory. The matrix eigenvalue problem is solved
for the lowest-mass state with use of a new, indefinite-metric Lanczos
algorithm. Various observables are extracted from the wave functions, including
average multiplicities and average momenta of constituents, structure
functions, and a form factor slope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125599 </DOCNO>
Fractal Structure of Molecular Clouds


  Compelling evidence exists to show that the structure of molecular clouds is
fractal in nature. In this paper, the author reiterates this view and, in
addition, asserts that not only is cloud geometry fractal, but that they also
have a common characteristic - they are similar in shape to the Horsehead
nebula in Orion. This shape can be described by the Julia function f(x)= z^2 +
c,where both z and c are complex quantities and c = -0.745429 + 0.113008i. The
dynamical processes responsible for the production of these clouds seem to be
turbulence followed by Brownian motion till high densities are reached, at
which point structure formation is dictated by gravity. The author presents
image analysis of four varied examples, namely those of the Horsehead nebula,
Eagle nebula, Rosette nebula and Paley I nebula to prove her hypothesis. The
images of these nebulae are analyzed for their box dimension using fractal
analysis software and comparisons are made with the given Julia set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41672 </DOCNO>
Particle and Astroparticle Searches for Supersymmetry


  Supersymmetry may be discovered at high energy colliders, through low energy
precision measurements, and by dark matter searches. We present a comprehensive
analysis of all available probes in minimal supergravity. This work extends
previous analyses by including the focus point branch of parameter space and
the full array of promising indirect dark matter searches. We find that
particle and astrophysical searches underway are highly complementary: each
separately provides only partial coverage of the available parameter space, but
together they probe almost all models. Cosmology does {\em not} provide upper
bounds on superpartner masses useful for future colliders. At the same time, in
the cosmologically preferred region, if supersymmetry is to be observable at a
500 GeV linear collider, some signature of supersymmetry must appear {\em
before} the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126333 </DOCNO>
The Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey: I. Observing and Data Analysis


  The Parkes multibeam pulsar survey is a sensitive survey of a strip along the
Galactic plane with |b|<5 deg and l=260 deg to l=50 deg. It uses a 13-beam
receiver on the 64-m Parkes radio telescope, receiving two polarisations per
beam over a 288 MHz bandwidth centred on 1374 MHz. Receiver and data
acquisition systems are described in some detail. For pulsar periods in the
range 0.1 - 2 s and dispersion measures of less than 300 cm^{-3} pc, the
nominal limiting flux density of the survey is about 0.2 mJy. At shorter or
longer periods or higher dispersions, the sensitivity is reduced. Timing
observations are carried out for pulsars discovered in the survey for 12 - 18
months after confirmation to obtain accurate positions, spin parameters,
dispersion measures, pulse shapes and mean flux densities. The survey is
proving to be extremely successful, with more than 600 pulsars discovered so
far. We expect that, when complete, this one survey will come close to finding
as many pulsars as all previous pulsar surveys put together. The newly
discovered pulsars tend to be young, distant and of high radio luminosity. They
will form a valuable sample for studies of pulsar emission properties, the
Galactic distribution and evolution of pulsars, and as probes of interstellar
medium properties. This paper reports the timing and pulse shape parameters for
the first 100 pulsars timed at Parkes, including three pulsars with periods of
less than 100 ms which are members of binary systems. These results are briefly
compared with the parameters of the previously known population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96879 </DOCNO>
Composition series of affine manifolds and n-gerbes


  In this paper we study n-composition series of affine manifolds. One
composition series are classified using gerbe theory. It is natural to think
that n-composition series must be classified using n-gerbe theory. In the last
section of this, we propose a notion of abelian n-gerbe theory

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4766 </DOCNO>
Domain motion in confined liquid crystals


  We extend a lattice Boltzmann algorithm of liquid crystal hydrodynamics to
include an applied electric field. The approach solves the equations of motion
written in terms of a tensor order parameter. Back-flow effects and the
hydrodynamics of topological defects are included. We investigate some of the
dynamics relevant to liquid crystal devices; in particular defect-mediated
motion of domain walls relevant to the nucleation of states useful in pi-cells.
An anisotropy in the domain wall velocity is seen because defects of different
topology couple differently to the flow field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126510 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Crab Flux Above 60 GeV with the CELESTE Cherenkov


  We have converted the former solar electrical plant THEMIS (French Pyrenees)
into an atmospheric Cherenkov detector called CELESTE, which records gamma rays
above 30 GeV (7E24 Hz). Here we present the first sub-100 GeV detection by a
ground based telescope of a gamma ray source, the Crab nebula, in the energy
region between satellite measurements and imaging atmospheric Cherenkov
telescopes. At our analysis threshold energy of 60 +/- 20 GeV we measure a
gamma ray rate of 6.1 +/- 0.8 per minute. Allowing for 30% systematic
uncertainties and a 30% error on the energy scale yields an integral gamma ray
flux of I(E>60 GeV) = 6.2^{+5.3}_{-2.3} E-6 photons m^-2 s^-1. The analysis
methods used to obtain the gamma ray signal from the raw data are detailed. In
addition, we determine the upper limit for pulsed emission to be <12% of the
Crab flux at the 99% confidence level, in the same energy range. Our result
indicates that if the power law observed by EGRET is attenuated by a cutoff of
form e^{-E/E_0} then E_0 < 26 GeV. This is the lowest energy probed by a
Cherenkov detector and leaves only a narrow range unexplored beyond the energy
range studied by EGRET.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148424 </DOCNO>
On the BV formulation of boundary superstring field theory


  We propose a Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formulation of boundary superstring
field theory. The superstring field action is defined in terms of a closed
one-form in the space of couplings, and we compute it explicitly for exactly
solvable tachyon perturbations. We also argue that the superstring field action
defined in this way is the partition function on the disc, in accord with a
previous proposal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2873 </DOCNO>
Ballistic spin-polarized transport and Rashba spin precession in


  We present numerical calculations of the ballistic spin-transport properties
of quasi-one-dimensional wires in the presence of the spin-orbit (Rashba)
interaction. A tight-binding analog of the Rashba Hamiltonian which models the
Rashba effect is used. By varying the robustness of the Rashba coupling and the
width of the wire, weak and strong coupling regimes are identified. Perfect
electron spin-modulation is found for the former regime, regardless of the
incident Fermi energy and mode number. In the latter however, the
spin-conductance has a strong energy dependence due to a nontrivial subband
intermixing induced by the strong Rashba coupling. This would imply a strong
suppression of the spin-modulation at higher temperatures and source-drain
voltages. The results may be of relevance for the implementation of
quasi-one-dimensional spin transistor devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126877 </DOCNO>
A giant stream of metal-rich stars in the halo of the galaxy M31


  Recent observations have revealed streams of gas and stars in the halo of the
Milky Way that are the debris from interactions between our Galaxy and some of
its dwarf companion galaxies; the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy and the Magellanic
clouds. Analysis of the material has shown that much of the halo is made up of
cannibalized satellite galaxies, and that dark matter is distributed nearly
spherically in the Milky Way. It remains unclear, however, whether cannibalized
substructures are as common in the haloes of galaxies as predicted by
galaxy-formation theory. Here we report the discovery of a giant stream of
metal-rich stars within the halo of the nearest large galaxy, M31 (the
Andromeda galaxy). The source of this stream could be the dwarf galaxies M32
and NGC205, which are close companions of M31 and which may have lost a
substantial number of stars owing to tidal interactions. The results
demonstrate that the epoch of galaxy building still continues, albeit at a
modest rate, and that tidal streams may be a generic feature of galaxy haloes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75965 </DOCNO>
A compilation of total cross section data on e^+ e^- --> hadrons and


  All available data on the total cross sections and R-ratio of e^+ e^- -->
hadrons are compiled from the PPDS(DataGuide), PPDS(ReacData) and
HEPDATA(Reaction) databases and transformed to a compilation of data on the e^+
e^- --> quark antiquark --> hadrons in the continuum region which can be used
in tests of the parton model and pQCD calculations. This evaluated data
compilation is made available in PPDS system and is accessible through the Web.
It is shown that current predictions from the parton model and pQCD are well
supported by this world "continuum" data compilation which can then be used in
future refinements of the alpha_s(Q^2) as well as alpha_{QED}(Q^2) evolution
forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174780 </DOCNO>
Spin correlations in $\vec{p}\vec{p}\to pn\pi^{+}$ pion production near


  A first measurement of longitudinal as well as transverse spin correlation
coefficients for the reaction $\vec{p}\vec{p}\to pn\pi^+$ was made using a
polarized proton target and a polarized proton beam. We report kinematically
complete measurements for this reaction at 325, 350, 375 and 400 MeV beam
energy. The spin correlation coefficients $A_{xx}+A_{yy}, A_{xx}-A_{yy},
A_{zz}, A_{xz},$ and the analyzing power $A_{y},$ as well as angular
distributions for $\sigma(\theta_{\pi})$ and the polarization observables
$A_{ij}(\theta_{\pi})$ were extracted. Partial wave cross sections for dominant
transition channels were obtained from a partial wave analysis that included
the transitions with final state angular momenta of $l\leq 1$. The measurements
of the ${\vec{p}\vec{p}\to pn\pi^{+}}$ polarization observables are compared
with the predictions from the J\"ulich meson exchange model. The agreement is
very good at 325 MeV, but it deteriorates increasingly for the higher energies.
At all energies agreement with the model is better than for the reaction
${\vec{p}\vec{p}\to pp\pi^{0}}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3474 </DOCNO>
Twisted Vortices in a Gauge Field Theory


  We inspect a particular gauge field theory model that describes the
properties of a variety of physical systems, including a charge neutral
two-component plasma, a Gross-Pitaevskii functional of two charged Cooper pair
condensates, and a limiting case of the bosonic sector in the Salam-Weinberg
model. It has been argued that this field theory model also admits stable
knot-like solitons. Here we produce numerical evidence in support for the
existence of these solitons, by considering stable axis-symmetric solutions
that can be thought of as straight twisted vortex lines clamped at the two
ends. We compute the energy of these solutions as a function of the amount of
twist per unit length. The result can be described in terms of a energy
spectral function. We find that this spectral function acquires a minimum which
corresponds to a nontrivial twist per unit length, strongly suggesting that the
model indeed supports stable toroidal solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75796 </DOCNO>
Bottom-Tau Unification in SUSY SU(5) GUT and Constraints from b to s


  An analysis is made on bottom-tau Yukawa unification in supersymmetric (SUSY)
SU(5) grand unified theory (GUT) in the framework of minimal supergravity, in
which the parameter space is restricted by some experimental constraints
including Br(b to s gamma) and muon g-2. The bottom-tau unification can be
accommodated to the measured branching ratio Br(b to s gamma) if superparticle
masses are relatively heavy and higgsino mass parameter \mu is negative. On the
other hand, if we take the latest muon g-2 data to require positive SUSY
contributions, then wrong-sign threshold corrections at SUSY scale upset the
Yukawa unification with more than 20 percent discrepancy. It has to be
compensated by superheavy threshold corrections around the GUT scale, which
constrains models of flavor in SUSY GUT. A pattern of the superparticle masses
preferred by the three requirements is also commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124860 </DOCNO>
The Balloon-borne Large Aperture Sub-millimetre Telescope


  The Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Sub-millimetre Telescope (BLAST) will
operate on a Long Duration Balloon platform with large format bolometer arrays
at 250, 350 and 500 microns, initially using a 2m mirror, with plans to
increase to 2.5m. BLAST is a collaboration between scientists in the USA,
Canada, UK, Italy and Mexico. Funding has been approved and it is now in its
building phase. The test flight is scheduled for 2002, with the first long
duration flight the following year. The scientific goals are to learn about the
nature of distant extragalactic star forming galaxies and cold pre-stellar
sources by making deep maps both at high and low galactic latitudes. BLAST will
be useful for planning Herschel key projects which use SPIRE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168456 </DOCNO>
NMR C-NOT gate through Aharanov-Anandan's phase shift


  Recently, it is proposed to do quantum computation through the Berry's
phase(adiabatic cyclic geometric phase) shift with NMR (Jones et al, Nature,
403, 869(2000)). This geometric quantum gate is hopefully to be fault tolerant
to certain types of errors because of the geometric property of the Berry
phase. Here we give a scheme to realize the NMR C-NOT gate through
Aharonov-Anandan's phase(non-adiabatic cyclic phase) shift on the dynamic phase
free evolution loop.
  In our scheme, the gate is run non-adiabatically, thus it is less affected by
the decoherence. And, in the scheme we have chosen the the zero dynamic phase
time evolution loop in obtaining the gepmetric phase shift, we need not take
any extra operation to cancel the dynamic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5150 </DOCNO>
Doping and temperature dependence of incommensurate antiferromagnetism


  The doping, temperature and energy dependence of the dynamical spin structure
factors of the underdoped lanthanum cuprates in the normal state is studied
within the t-J model using the fermion-spin transformation technique.
Incommensurate peaks are found at $[(1\pm\delta)\pi,\pi]$,
$[\pi,(1\pm\delta)\pi]$ at relatively low temperatures with $\delta$ linearly
increasing with doping at the beginning and then saturating at higher dopings.
These peaks broaden and weaken in amplitude with temperature and energy, in
good agreement with experiments. The theory also predicts a rotation of these
peaks by $\pi/4$ at even higher temperatures, being shifted to $[(1\pm
\delta/\sqrt{2})\pi,(1\pm \delta/\sqrt{2})\pi]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40906 </DOCNO>
Measuring $D^0-\bar D^0$ Mixing and Relative Strong Phases at a Charm


  We propose a set of measurements at a charm factory to determine the
$D^0-\bar D^0$ mixing parameters $\Delta M$ and $\Delta\Gamma$ and the strong
phase difference $\delta$ between doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) and
Cabibbo-favored (CF) neutral $D$ decays into $K^-\pi^+$. The method can also be
used to measure strong phase differences between other corresponding DCS and CF
amplitudes. These phase differences are important for studies of $D^0$--$\bar
D^0$ mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95829 </DOCNO>
Frobenius extensions and weak Hopf algebras


  We study a symmetric Markov extension of k-algebras N \into M, a certain kind
of Frobenius extension with conditional expectation that is tracial on the
centralizer and dual bases with a separability property. We place a depth two
condition on this extension, which is essentially the requirement that the
Jones tower N \into M \into M_1 \into M_2 can be obtained by taking relative
tensor products with centralizers A = C_{M_1}(N) and B = C_{M_2}(M). Under this
condition, we prove that N \into M is the invariant subalgebra pair of a weak
Hopf algebra action by A, i.e., that N = M^A. The endomorphism algebra M_1 =
\End_N M is shown to be isomorphic to the smash product algebra M # A. We also
extend results of Szymanski, Vainerman and the second author, and the authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150145 </DOCNO>
Towards an explicit expression of the Seiberg-Witten map at all orders


  The Seiberg-Witten map links noncommutative gauge theories to ordinary gauge
theories, and allows to express the noncommutative variables in terms of the
commutative ones. Its explicit form can be found order by order in the
noncommutative parameter theta and the gauge potential A by the requirement
that gauge orbits are mapped on gauge orbits. This of course leaves
ambiguities, corresponding to gauge transformations, and there is an infinity
of solutions. Is there one better, clearer than the others ? In the abelian
case, we were able to find a solution, linked by a gauge transformation to
already known formulas, which has the property of admitting a recursive
formulation, uncovering some pattern in the map. In the special case of a pure
gauge, both abelian and non-abelian, these expressions can be summed up, and
the transformation is expressed using the parametrisation in terms of the gauge
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41669 </DOCNO>
epsilon'/eps in the Standard Model


  We overview the detailed analysis of epsilon'/epsilon within the Standard
Model, presented in ref. 1. When all sources of large logarithms are
considered, both at short and long distances, it is possible to perform a
reliable Standard Model estimate of epsilon'/epsilon. The strong S-wave
rescattering of the final pions has an important impact on this observable. The
Standard Model prediction is found to be Re(epsilon'/epsilon) =(1.7 +-
0.9)*10^{-3}, in good agreement with the most recent experimental measurements.
A better estimate of the strange quark mass would reduce the uncertainty to
about 30%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179460 </DOCNO>
Consequences of a Relativistic Pseudospin Symmetry for Radial Nodes and


  The identification of pseudospin symmetry as a relativistic symmetry of the
Dirac Hamiltonian is used to explain the structure of radial nodes occurring in
pseudospin doublets and to illuminate the special status of nodeless intruder
states in nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5430 </DOCNO>
Integrable Stochastic Ladder Models


  A general way to construct ladder models with certain Lie algebraic or
quantum Lie algebraic symmetries is presented. These symmetric models give rise
to series of integrable systems. It is shown that corresponding to these SU(2)
symmetric integrable ladder models there are exactly solvable stationary
discrete-time (resp. continuous-time) Markov processes with transition matrices
(resp. intensity matrices) having spectra which coincide with the ones of the
corresponding integrable models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2601 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects on the dynamics of a two-mode atom-molecule


  We study the system of coupled atomic and molecular condensates within the
two-mode model and beyond mean-field theory (MFT). Large amplitude
atom-molecule coherent oscillations are shown to be damped by the rapid growth
of fluctuations near the dynamically unstable molecular mode. This result
contradicts earlier predictions about the recovery of atom-molecule
oscillations in the two-mode limit. The frequency of the damped oscillation is
also shown to scale as $\sqrt{N}/\log N$ with the total number of atoms $N$,
rather than the expected pure $\sqrt{N}$ scaling. Using a linearized model, we
obtain analytical expressions for the initial depletion of the molecular
condensate in the vicinity of the instability, and show that the important
effect neglected by mean field theory is an initially non-exponential
`spontaneous' dissociation into the atomic vacuum. Starting with a small
population in the atomic mode, the initial dissociation rate is sensitive to
the exact atomic amplitudes, with the fastest (super-exponential) rate observed
for the entangled state, formed by spontaneous dissociation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114399 </DOCNO>
Automated Checking and Visualization of Interlocks in the ISAC Control


  The EPICS based control system of the ISAC radioactive beam facility
supervises several sub-systems, which are controlled by PLCs. Most of the
devices are protected by non-trivial interlocks, which are implemented with
ladder-logic software. Detailed information on interlock state and the
individual interlock conditions are accessible for each device at the EPICS
operator interface level. With the increasing number of ISAC devices, the
interactive generation and maintenance of these displays with standard EPICS
tools was too labor-intensive and error-prone. Software was developed, which
uses a printout of the PLC program as well as reports from the ISAC device
database to a) check the interlock implementation in the PLC against interlock
specifications in natural language and b) generate device displays with a
graphical representation of interlock state and details of interlock
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4467 </DOCNO>
The two dimensional Hubbard Model at half-filling: I. Convergent


  We prove analyticity theorems in the coupling constant for the Hubbard model
at half-filling. The model in a single renormalization group slice of index $i$
is proved to be analytic in $\lambda$ for $|\lambda| \le c/i$ for some constant
$c$, and the skeleton part of the model at temperature $T$ (the sum of all
graphs without two point insertions) is proved to be analytic in $\lambda$ for
$|\lambda| \le c/|\log T|^{2}$. These theorems are necessary steps towards
proving that the Hubbard model at half-filling is {\it not} a Fermi liquid (in
the mathematically precise sense of Salmhofer).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96593 </DOCNO>
The Binet-Cauchy Theorem for the Hyperdeterminant of boundary format


  Let $A$, $B$ be multidimensional matrices of boundary format respectively
$\prod_{i=0}^p(k_i+1)$, $\prod_{j=0}^q(l_j+1)$. Assume that $k_p=l_0$ so that
the convolution $A\ast B$ is defined. We prove that $Det (A\ast
B)=Det(A)^{\alpha}\cdot Det(B)^{\beta}$ where $\alpha= \frac {l_0!}{l_1!...
l_q!}$, $\beta=\frac {(k_0+1)!}{k_1! ... k_{p-1}!(k_p+1)!}$ and $Det$ is the
hyperdeterminant. When $A$, $B$ are square matrices this formula is the usual
Binet-Cauchy Theorem computing the determinant of the product $A\cdot B$. It
follows that $A \ast B$ is nondegenerate if and only if $A$ and $B$ are both
nondegenerate. We show by a counterexample that the assumption of boundary
format cannot be dropped.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174619 </DOCNO>
Anti-flow of K$^0_s$ Mesons in 6 AGeV Au + Au Collisions


  We have measured the sideward flow of neutral strange ($K^0_s$) mesons in 6
AGeV Au + Au collisions. A prominent anti-flow signal is observed for an impact
parameter range (b $\lesssim 7$ fm) which spans central and mid-central events.
Since the $K^0_s$ scattering cross section is relatively small in nuclear
matter, this observation suggests that the in-medium kaon vector potential
plays an important role in high density nuclear matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167980 </DOCNO>
Maximum-likelihood method in quantum estimation


  The maximum-likelihood method for quantum estimation is reviewed and applied
to the reconstruction of density matrix of spin and radiation as well as to the
determination of several parameters of interest in quantum optics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97457 </DOCNO>
Variational principle and almost quasilocality for some renormalized


  We restore part of the thermodynamic formalism for some renormalized measures
that are known to be non-Gibbsian. We first point out that a recent theory due
to Pfister implies that for block-transformed measures free energies and
relative entropy densities exist and are conjugate convex functionals. We then
determine a necessary and sufficient condition for consistency with a
specification that is quasilocal in a fixed direction. As corollaries we obtain
consistency results for models with FKG monotonicity and for models with
appropriate "continuity rates". For (noisy) decimations or projections of the
Ising model, these results imply almost quasilocality of the decimated "+" and
"-" measures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74383 </DOCNO>
Comments on "A Supernova Brane Scan"


  Recently we proposed that the acceleration of the Universe could be due to
gravity leaking to extra dimensions. This scenario gives an alternative to the
cosmological constant or quintessence. In [astro-ph/0106274] the authors
claimed that this proposal is strongly disfavored if not ruled out by the
existing data on Supernovae, Cosmic Microwave Background and clusters. We show
that the work [astro-ph/0106274] contains incorrect statements in the
theoretical part, and, moreover, we argue that the main conclusions of the work
concerning the comparison with the data are premature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168700 </DOCNO>
Comments on "Quantum Control by Decompositions of SU(2)"


  The purpose of the paper is to point out some typos and to observe that the
main result of V. Ramakrishna, K. Flores, H. Rabitz and R. J. Ober, Phys. Rev.
A Volume 62, 054309, 2000 remains valid (and this validity can be verified in a
constructive fashion) with only the requirement that the su(2) matrices A and B
in the paper in the title be linearly independent. An interpretation of this
constructive extension, in terms of Givens rotations of real Euclidean space,
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5336 </DOCNO>
Self-organization of (001) cubic crystal surfaces


  Self-organization on crystal surface is studied as a two dimensional spinodal
decomposition in presence of a surface stress. The elastic Green function is
calculated for a $(001)$ cubic crystal surface taking into account the crystal
anisotropy. Numerical calculations show that the phase separation is driven by
the interplay between domain boundary energy and long range elastic
interactions. At late stage of the phase separation process, a steady state
appears with different nanometric patterns according to the surface coverage
and the crystal elastic constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5982 </DOCNO>
Evidence for three dimensional superconductivity in the cuprates oxides


  We review the empirical scenario emerging from the measured doping dependence
of the transition temperature and the anisotropy parameter $% \gamma $ $=\xi
_{ab}/\xi_{c}$, defined as the ratio of the correlation lengths parallel and
perpendicular to the ab-planes. It suggests that two dimensional models cannot
explain the occurrence of superconductivity in the cuprates. This conclusion is
confirmed and extended in terms of a novel scaling relation. It involves the
transition temperature, the aerial superfluid density in the ground state,
$\gamma $ and the dynamic critical exponent of the quantum superconductor to
insulator transition. The important implication there is that a non vanishing
superfluid density in the ground state of the cuprates is unalterably linked to
an anisotropic but 3D condensation mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168435 </DOCNO>
Quantum Walks on the Hypercube


  Recently, it has been shown that one-dimensional quantum walks can mix more
quickly than classical random walks, suggesting that quantum Monte Carlo
algorithms can outperform their classical counterparts. We study two quantum
walks on the n-dimensional hypercube, one in discrete time and one in
continuous time. In both cases we show that the quantum walk mixes in (\pi/4)n
steps, faster than the O(n log n) steps required by the classical walk. In the
continuous-time case, the probability distribution is {\em exactly} uniform at
this time. More importantly, these walks expose several subtleties in the
definition of mixing time for quantum walks. Even though the continuous-time
walk has an O(n) instantaneous mixing time at which it is precisely uniform, it
never approaches the uniform distribution when the stopping time is chosen
randomly as in [AharonovAKV2001]. Our analysis treats interference between
terms of different phase more carefully than is necessary for the walk on the
cycle; previous general bounds predict an exponential, rather than linear,
mixing time for the hypercube.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123694 </DOCNO>
A Search for HI in E+A Galaxies


  We present the results of HI line and radio continuum observations of five
nearby E+A galaxies. These galaxies have spectra that are dominated by a young
stellar component but lack the emission lines characteristic of significant,
on-going star formation. They are selected from a unique sample of 21 E+A's
identified by Zabludoff et al.(1996) in their spectroscopic search for E+A
galaxies using the Las Campanas Redshift Survey, where over 11,000 nearby
galaxies were examined. The five E+A galaxies span a range of environments:
three are in the field and two are in clusters. Only one system was detected in
HI emission, the field E+A galaxy EA1, with a total flux of 0.30 +/- 0.02 Jy
km/s and an HI mass of (3.5 +/- 0.2) 10^9 h^(-2) M_sun. The HI morphology and
kinematics of EA 1 suggest a galaxy-galaxy interaction, with a dynamical age of
about 6 x 10^8 h^(-1) yr inferred from the HI tail lengths and velocities. This
age estimate is consistent with the interpretation drawn from optical
spectroscopy that starbursts in E+A galaxies began (and subsequently ended)
within the last 10^9 yr. Our HI detection limits are such that if the other
E+A's in our sample had the HI properties of EA 1, we would have detected (or
marginally detected) them. We conclude that E+A galaxies have a range of HI
properties. None of the galaxies were detected in radio continuum emission,
with upper limits to the radio power of about 10^21 h^(-2) W/Hz. Our limits
exclude the possibility that these E+A's are dust-enshrouded massive starburst
galaxies, but are insufficient to exclude modest star formation rates of less
than a few h^(-2) M_sun per yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 681 </DOCNO>
Does Luttinger liquid behaviour survive in an atomic wire on a surface?


  We form a highly simplified model of an atomic wire on a surface by the
coupling of two one-dimensional chains, one with electron-electron interactions
to represent the wire and and one with no electron-electron interactions to
represent the surface. We use exact diagonalization techniques to calculate the
eigenstates and response functions of our model, in order to determine both the
nature of the coupling and to what extent the coupling affects the Luttinger
liquid properties we would expect in a purely one-dimensional system. We find
that while there are indeed Luttinger liquid indicators present, some residual
Fermi liquid characteristics remain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96574 </DOCNO>
On the Strong Factorization of Toric Birational Maps


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to a counter example to step
6.2 indicated by K. Karu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5054 </DOCNO>
The Dilute Bose-Einstein Condensate with Large Scattering Length


  We study a dilute Bose gas of atoms whose scattering length a is large
compared to the range of their interaction. We calculate the energy density of
the homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate to second order in the low-density
expansion, expressing it in terms of a and a second parameter Lambda_* that
determines the low-energy observables in the 3-body sector. The second-order
correction to the energy density has a small imaginary part that reflects the
instability due to 3-body recombination. In the case of a trapped Bose-Einstein
condensate with large negative scattering length, we calculate the coefficient
of the 3-body mean-field term in the energy density in terms of a and Lambda_*.
It can be very large if there is an Efimov state near threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126351 </DOCNO>
Formation of Twin Clusters in a Galactic Tidal Field


  The formation of globular clusters is still an unsolved problem. Though most
scenarios assume a massive molecular cloud as the progenitor, it is unclear,
how the cloud is transformed into a star cluster. Here a scheme of supernova
(SN) induced cluster formation is investigated. In this scenario the expanding
SN shell accumulates the mass of the cloud. This is accompanied by
fragmentation resulting in star formation in the shell. If this stellar shell
expands sufficiently slow, its self-gravity leads to a recollapsing shell, by
this forming one or several stellar clusters.
  In this paper N-body simulations of collapsing shells moving on circular
orbits in a galactic potential are presented. It is shown that typical shells
(10^5 Msun, 30 pc) evolve to twin clusters in the galactocentric distance range
between 3 and 11 kpc. Their masses show a strong radial trend: on orbits inside
5 kpc both clusters have almost equal mass. Outside 5 kpc the more massive twin
cluster contains about 55% of the shell's mass, whereas the mass of the smaller
decreases linearily to 15% at 11 kpc. Outside 11 kpc the collapsing shells end
up in a single cluster. Inside 3 kpc the shells are tidally disrupted and only
fragments substantially less massive than the initial shell survive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87052 </DOCNO>
Non-Singular String-Cosmologies From Exact Conformal Field Theories


  Non-singular two and three dimensional string cosmologies are constructed
using the exact conformal field theories corresponding to SO(2,1)/SO(1,1) and
SO(2,2)/SO(2,1). {\it All} semi-classical curvature singularities are canceled
in the exact theories for both of these cosets, but some new quantum curvature
singularities emerge. However, considering different patches of the global
manifolds, allows the construction of non-singular spacetimes with cosmological
interpretation. In both two and three dimensions, we construct non-singular
oscillating cosmologies, non-singular expanding and inflationary cosmologies
including a de Sitter (exponential) stage with positive scalar curvature as
well as non-singular contracting and deflationary cosmologies. Similarities
between the two and three dimensional cases suggest a general picture for
higher dimensional coset cosmologies: Anisotropy seems to be a generic
unavoidable feature, cosmological singularities are generically avoided and it
is possible to construct non-singular cosmologies where some spatial dimensions
are experiencing inflation while the others experience deflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7402 </DOCNO>
Velocity dependent internal conversion in ultracold gases


  We examine the consequences of the ``identical spin rotation effect'' (ISRE)
in ultracold gas of (non-condensed) bosons or fermions with two internal
states. When a $\pi/2$ pulse is applied to the sample, in the presence of a
gradient of the transition frequency between internal states, the ISRE
transfers atoms into an internal state depending on the direction of their
velocity. Hence, after a short time, one gets a separation between the two
states. A kinetic equation is solved analytically and numerically; the results
agree well with the recent observations of Lewandowski et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86410 </DOCNO>
Boundary conditions in linearized harmonic gravity


  We investigate the initial-boundary value problem for linearized
gravitational theory in harmonic coordinates. Rigorous techniques for
hyperbolic systems are applied to establish well-posedness for various
reductions of the system into a set of six wave equations. The results are used
to formulate computational algorithms for Cauchy evolution in a 3-dimensional
bounded domain. Numerical codes based upon these algorithms are shown to
satisfy tests of robust stability for random constraint violating initial data
and random boundary data; and shown to give excellent performance for the
evolution of typical physical data. The results are obtained for plane
boundaries as well as piecewise cubic spherical boundaries cut out of a
Cartesian grid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72651 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of the 3-flavor NJL model : chiral symmetry breaking and


  Employing an extended three flavor version of the NJL model we discuss in
detail the phase diagram of quark matter. The presence of quark as well as of
diquark condensates gives raise to a rich structure of the phase diagram. We
study in detail the chiral phase transition and the color superconductivity as
well as color flavor locking as a function of the temperature and chemical
potentials of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174713 </DOCNO>
Pi0 electroproduction in the Delta(1232) region at MAMI


  The extraction of the Coulomb quadrupole to magnetic dipole ratio from a
p(e_pol,e'p_pol)pi^0 measurement is discussed. Preliminary results from further
asymmetry measurements with polarized and unpolarized electron beam indicate
that the imaginary background is well under control in the MAID2000
parameterization, but not the real (Born-) amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148656 </DOCNO>
On a CFT prediction in the sine-Gordon model


  A quantitative prediction of Conformal Field Theory (CFT), which relates the
second moment of the energy-density correlator away from criticality to the
value of the central charge, is verified in the sine-Gordon model. By
exploiting the boson-fermion duality of two-dimensional field theories, this
result also allows to show the validity of the prediction in the strong
coupling regime of the Thirring model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4286 </DOCNO>
Tunneling and EPR linewidths due to dislocations in Mn-12 acetate


  We compute the width and shape of the EPR and tunneling resonances due to
dislocations in Mn-12 acetate crystals. Uncorrelated dislocations produce the
Gaussian shape of resonances while dislocations bound in pairs produce the
Lorentzian shape. We stress that the uniaxial spin Hamiltonian together with
crystal defects can explain the totality of experimental data on Mn-12.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6748 </DOCNO>
Influence of quantum confinement on the ferromagnetism of (Ga,Mn)As


  We investigate the effect of quantum confinement on the ferromagnetism of
diluted magnetic semiconductor Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As using a combination of
tight-binding and density functional methods. We observe strong majority-spin
Mn $d$-As $p$ hybridization, as well as half metallic behavior, down to sizes
as small as 20 \AA in diameter. Below this critical size, the doped holes are
self-trapped by the Mn-sites, signalling both valence and electronic
transitions. Our results imply that magnetically doped III-V nanoparticles will
provide a medium for manipulating the electronic structure of dilute magnetic
semiconductors while conserving the ferromagnetic properties and even enhancing
it in certain size regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3700 </DOCNO>
With a little help of DNA: Morphological diversity of colloidal


  We study theoretically a binary system in which an attraction of unlike
particles is combined with a type-independent soft core repulsion.
  The possible experimental implementation of the system is a mixture of
DNA-covered colloids, in which both the repulsion and the attraction may be
induced by DNA solution. The system is shown to exhibit surprisingly diverse
and unusual morphologies. Among them are the diamond lattice and the membrane
phase with in-plane square order, a striking example of spontaneous
compactification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149997 </DOCNO>
Starting--point of Supergravity


  In this report I wish to recall how the basic concepts and ingredients of
supergravity were formulated by Dmitrij V. Volkov and the present author in
1973-74 under the first investigation of the super-Higgs effect .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2142 </DOCNO>
Electric-field induced polarization paths in PZT alloys


  Properties of Pb(Zr_{1-x}Ti_x)O_3 (PZT) for compositions x near the
morphotropic phase boundary and under an electric field are simulated using an
ab-initio based approach. Applying an electric field of [111] orientation to
tetragonal PZT (e.g., x=0.50) leads to the expected sequence of tetragonal,
A-type monoclinic, and rhombohedral structures. However, the application of a
field of orientation [001] to rhombohedral PZT (e.g., x=0.47) does not simply
reverse this sequence. Instead, the system follows a complicated path involving
also triclinic and C-type monoclinic structures. These latter phases are found
to exhibit huge shear piezoelectric coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86055 </DOCNO>
On Perturbations in Warm Inflation


  Warm inflation is an interesting possibility of describing the early
universe, whose basic feature is the absence, at least in principle, of a
preheating or reheating phase. Here we analyze the dynamics of warm inflation
generalizing the usual slow-roll parameters that are useful for characterizing
the inflationary phase. We study the evolution of entropy and adiabatic
perturbations, where the main result is that for a very small amount of
dissipation the entropy perturbations can be neglected and the purely adiabatic
perturbations will be responsible for the primordial spectrum of
inhomogeneities. Taking into account the COBE-DMR data of the cosmic microwave
background anisotropy as well as the fact that the interval of inflation for
which the scales of astrophysical interest cross outside the Hubble radius is
about 50 e-folds before the end of inflation, we could estimate the magnitude
of the dissipation term. It was also possible to show that at the end of
inflation the universe is hot enough to provide a smooth transition to the
radiation era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148122 </DOCNO>
Free energy and critical temperature in eleven dimensions


  We compute the one-loop contribution to the free energy in eleven-dimensional
supergravity, with the eleventh dimension compactified on a circle of radius
$R_{11}$. We find a finite result, which, in a small radius expansion, has the
form of the type IIA supergravity free energy plus non-perturbative corrections
in the string coupling $g_A$, whose coefficients we determine. We then study
type IIA superstring theory at finite temperature in the strong coupling regime
by considering M-theory on $R^9\times T^2$, one of the sides of the torus being
the euclidean time direction, where fermions obey antiperiodic boundary
conditions. We find that a certain winding membrane state becomes tachyonic
above some critical temperature, which depends on $g_A$. At weak coupling, it
coincides with the Hagedorn temperature, at large coupling it becomes $T_{\rm
cr} \cong 0.31 l_P^ {-1} $ (so it is very small in string units).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95944 </DOCNO>
Locality in Free String Field Theory-II


  We study the covariant free bosonic string field theory and explore its
locality (causality) properties. We find covariant string fields which are
strictly local and covariant, but act on an unconstrained Hilbert space with an
indefinite inner product. From these we also define observable fields which act
on the physical Hilbert space with an definite inner product. These are shown
to be approximately local.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169517 </DOCNO>
Tomography of multimode quantum systems with quadratic Hamiltonians and


  The systems with multimode nonstationary Hamiltonians quadratic in position
and momentum operators are reviewed. The tomographic probability distributions
(tomograms) for the Fock states and Gaussian states of the quadratic systems
are discussed. The tomograms for the Fock states are expressed in terms of
multivariable Hermite polynomials. Using the obvious physical relations some
new formulas for multivariable Hermite polynomials are found. Examples of
oscillator and charge moving in electromagnetic field are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99216 </DOCNO>
A property of strictly singular 1-1 operators


  We prove that if T is a strictly singular 1-1 operator defined on an infinite
dimensional Banach space X, then for every infinite dimensional subspace Y of X
there exists an infinite dimensional subspace Z of Y such that Z contains
orbits of T of every finite length and the restriction of T on Z is a compact
operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75198 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium spectroscopy and perturbative QCD: massive quark-loop effects


  We study the spectra of the bottomonium and B_c states within perturbative
QCD up to order alpha_s^4. The O(Lambda_QCD) renormalon cancellation between
the static potential and the pole mass is performed in the epsilon-expansion
scheme. We extend our previous analysis by including the (dominant) effects of
non-zero charm-quark mass in loops up to the next-to-leading non-vanishing
order epsilon^3. We fix the b-quark MSbar mass $\bar{m}_b \equiv m_b^{\bar{\rm
MS}}(m_b^{\bar{\rm MS}})$ on Upsilon(1S) and compute the higher levels. The
effect of the charm mass decreases $\bar{m}_b$ by about 11 MeV and increases
the n=2 and n=3 levels by about 70--100 MeV and 240--280 MeV, respectively. We
provide an extensive quantitative analysis. The size of non-perturbative and
higher order contributions is discussed by comparing the obtained predictions
with the experimental data. An agreement of the perturbative predictions and
the experimental data depends crucially on the precise value (inside the
present error) of alpha_s(M_Z). We obtain $m_b^{\bar{\rm MS}}(m_b^{\bar{\rm
MS}}) = 4190 \pm 20 \pm 25 \pm 3 ~ {\rm MeV}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97278 </DOCNO>
Z-Analytic TAF Algebras and Partial Dynamical Systems


  Connections between partial dynamcial systems, a generalized notion of
partial dynamical systems defined by nested sequences of partial
homeomorphisms, and triangular AF algebras which admit an integer-valued
cocycle are established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3041 </DOCNO>
Point defects, ferromagnetism and transport in calcium hexaboride


  The formation energy and local magnetic moment of a series of point defects
in CaB$_6 $ are computed using a supercell approach within the generalized
gradient approximation to density functional theory. Based on these results,
speculations are made as to the influence of these defects on electrical
transport. It is found that the substitution of Ca by La does not lead to the
formation of a local moment, while a neutral B$_6 $ vacancy carries a moment of
2.4 Bohr magnetons, mostly distributed over the six nearest-neighbour B atoms.
A plausible mechanism for the ferromagnetic ordering of these moments is
suggested. Since the same broken B-B bonds appear on the preferred (100)
cleavage planes of the CaB$_6$ structure, it is argued that internal surfaces
in polycrystals as well as external surfaces in general will make a large
contribution to the observed magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123418 </DOCNO>
Lensing Constraints on the Cores of Massive Dark Matter Halos


  The statistics of wide-separation (6'' < theta < 15'') gravitational lenses
constrain the amount of mass in the cores of dark matter halos on group and
cluster mass scales. For a family of halo models with a central cusp $\rho
\propto r^{-alpha}$ (1.0 <= alpha <= 1.9), the lack of wide-separation lenses
in the large Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey yields an upper limit on the fraction
of the halo mass that is contained within ~4% of the virial radius, f_{core} <
0.023 (95% confidence level, LCDM). This limit offers an important test of the
cold dark matter paradigm. While the halo profiles derived from numerical
simulations appear to be consistent with this upper limit, larger surveys
currently underway such as the 2dF and SDSS should detect wide-separation
lenses and thus provide a measurement of the core mass fraction in massive dark
matter halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95523 </DOCNO>
Metrics of positive Ricci curvature on vector bundles over nilmanifolds


  We construct metrics of positive Ricci curvature on some vector bundles over
tori (or more generally, over nilmanifolds). This gives rise to the first
examples of manifolds with positive Ricci curvature which are homotopy
equivalent but not homeomorphic to manifolds of nonnegative sectional
curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5622 </DOCNO>
Effects of an electron gas on the negative trion in semiconductor


  We present here the results of calculations of the negative trion binding
energy in the presence of an electron gas. The screening of the Coulomb
interaction and the Pauli exclusion principle are considered. Our results show
a rapid ionization of the negative trion due to the Pauli exclusion principle
while the screening is mainly responsible for the weakening of the trion
binding energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169536 </DOCNO>
From Monte Carlo to Quantum Computation


  Quantum computing was so far mainly concerned with discrete problems.
 Recently, E. Novak and the author studied quantum algorithms for high
dimensional integration and dealt with the question, which advantages quantum
computing can bring over classical deterministic or randomized methods for this
type of problem.
  In this paper we give a short introduction to the basic ideas of quantum
computing and survey recent results on high dimensional integration. We discuss
connections to the Monte Carlo methology and compare the optimal error rates of
quantum algorithms to those of classical deterministic and randomized
algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2089 </DOCNO>
Energies and collapse times of symmetric and symmetry-breaking states of


  We study quantum systems of volume V, which will exhibit the breaking of a
U(1) symmetry in the limit of V \to \infty, when V is large but finite. We
estimate the energy difference between the `symmetric ground state' (SGS),
which is the lowest-energy state that does not breaks the symmetry, and a `pure
phase vacuum' (PPV), which approaches a symmetry-breaking vacuum as V \to
\infty. Under some natural postulates on the energy of the SGS, it is shown
that PPVs always have a higher energy than the SGS, and we derive a lower bound
of the excess energy. We argue that the lower bound is O(V^0), which becomes
much larger than the excitation energies of low-lying excited states for a
large V. We also discuss the collapse time of PPVs for interacting many bosons.
It is shown that the wave function collapses in a microscopic time scale,
because PPVs are not energy eigenstates. We show, however, that for PPVs the
expectation value of any observable, which is a finite polynomial of boson
operators and their derivatives, does not collapse for a macroscopic time
scale. In this sense, the collapse time of PPVs is macroscopically long.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86657 </DOCNO>
Quantization of static space-times


  A 4-dimensional Lorentzian static space-time is equivalent to 3-dimensional
Euclidean gravity coupled to a massless Klein-field. By canonically quantizing
the coupling model in the framework of loop quantum gravity, we obtain a
quantum theory which actually describes quantized static space-times. The
Kinematical Hilbert space is the product of the Hilbert space of gravity with
that of imaginary scalar fields. It turns out that the Hamiltonian constraint
of the 2+1 model corresponds to a densely defined operator in the underlying
Hilbert space, and hence it is finite without renormalization. As a new point
of view, this quantized model might shed some light on a few physical problems
concerning quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86430 </DOCNO>
Discrete interactions and the Pioneer anomalous acceleration:


  The dominant contributions from a discrete gravitational interaction produce
the standard potential as an effective continuous field. The sub-dominant
contributions are, in a first approximation, linear on $n$, the accumulated
number of (discrete) interaction events along the test-body trajectory. For a
nearly radial trajectory $n$ is proportional to the transversed distance and
its effects may have been observed as the Pioneer anomalous constant radial
acceleration, which cannot be observed on the nearly circular planetary orbits.
Here we give calculation details of the alternative II, discussed in
gr-qc/0106046.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169215 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Enhanced Multiplayer Quantum Games


  Recently two player quantum games have drawn great interest. However,
investigating quantum games in multiqubit system could be more interesting. In
this paper, we study the property of quantum games with more than two players.
For the particular case of 3-player Prisoner's Dilemma, a novel Nash
equilibrium which can remove the original dilemma emerges. Based on this
Equilibrium strategy, we found the game is enhanced by the entanglement of the
game's state. When all players resort to the Nash equilibrium, the players'
payoffs increase monotonously with respect to the amount of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97640 </DOCNO>
Deformations of Gabor Frames


  The quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian generates a
one-parameter unitary group W(\theta) in L^2(R) which rotates the
time-frequency plane. In particular, W(\pi/2) is the Fourier transform. When
W(\theta) is applied to any frame of Gabor wavelets, the result is another such
frame with identical frame bounds. Thus each Gabor frame gives rise to a
one-parameter family of frames, which we call a deformation of the original.
For example, beginning with the usual tight frame F of Gabor wavelets generated
by a compactly supported window g(t) and parameterized by a regular lattice in
the time-frequency plane, one obtains a family of frames F_\theta generated by
the non-compactly supported windows g_\theta=W(theta)g, parameterized by
rotated versions of the original lattice. This gives a method for constructing
tight frames of Gabor wavelets for which neither the window nor its Fourier
transform have compact support. When \theta=\pi/2, we obtain the well-known
Gabor frame generated by a window with compactly supported Fourier transform.
The family F_\theta therefore interpolates these two familiar examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98923 </DOCNO>
New proof of the Cheeger-Muller Theorem


  We present a short analytic proof of the equality between the analytic and
combinatorial torsion. We use the same approach as in the proof given by
Burghelea, Friedlander and Kappeler, but avoid using the difficult
Mayer-Vietoris type formula for the determinants of elliptic operators.
Instead, we provide a direct way of analyzing the behaviour of the determinant
of the Witten deformation of the Laplacian. In particular, we show that this
determinant can be written as a sum of two terms, one of which has an
asymptotic expansion with computable coefficients and the other is very simple
(no zeta-function regularization is involved in its definition).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4023 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of the Two-Dimensional Coulomb Gas in the


  The model under consideration is the two-dimensional Coulomb gas of $\pm$
charged hard disks with diameter $\sigma$. For the case of pointlike charges
$(\sigma=0)$, the system is stable against collapse of positive-negative pairs
of charges in the range of inverse temperatures $0 \le \beta < 2$, where its
full thermodynamics was obtained exactly [L. {\v{S}}amaj and I. Trav{\v{e}}nec,
{\it J. Stat. Phys.} {\bf 101}:713 (2000)]. In the present work, we derive the
leading correction to the exact thermodynamics of pointlike charges due to the
presence of the hard core $\sigma$ (appearing in the dimensionless combination
$n\sigma^2$, $n$ is the particle density). This permits us to extend the
treatment to the interval $2\le \beta <3$ (the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase
transition takes place at $\beta=4$). The results, which are exact in the
low-density limit $n\sigma^2 \to 0$, reproduce correctly the singularities of
thermodynamic quantities at the collapse point $\beta=2$ and agree very well
with Monte-Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7497 </DOCNO>
Shot-noise anomalies in nondegenerate elastic diffusive conductors


  We present a theoretical investigation of shot-noise properties in
nondegenerate elastic diffusive conductors. Both Monte Carlo simulations and
analytical approaches are used. Two new phenomena are found: (i) the display of
enhanced shot noise for given energy dependences of the scattering time, and
(ii) the recovery of full shot noise for asymptotic high applied bias. The
first phenomenon is associated with the onset of negative differential
conductivity in energy space that drives the system towards a dynamical
electrical instability in excellent agreement with analytical predictions. The
enhancement is found to be strongly amplified when the dimensionality in
momentum space is lowered from 3 to 2 dimensions. The second phenomenon is due
to the suppression of the effects of long range Coulomb correlations that takes
place when the transit time becomes the shortest time scale in the system, and
is common to both elastic and inelastic nondegenerate diffusive conductors.
These phenomena shed new light in the understanding of the anomalous behavior
of shot noise in mesoscopic conductors, which is a signature of correlations
among different current pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179750 </DOCNO>
A simple approach to the angular momentum distribution in the ground


  We propose a simple approach to predict the angular momentum I ground state
(I g.s.) probabilities of many-body systems that does not require the
diagonalization of hamiltonians with random interactions. This method is found
to be applicable to {\bf all} cases that have been discussed: even and odd
fermion systems (both in single-j and many-j shells), and boson (both sd and
sdg) systems. A simple relation for the highest angular momentum g.s.
probability is found. Furthermore, it is suggested for the first time that the
0g.s. dominance in boson systems and in even-fermion systems is given by
two-body interactions with specific features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76857 </DOCNO>
The Two-Loop QCD Matrix Element for $e^+e^- \to 3$ Jets


  We compute the ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^3)$ virtual QCD corrections to the
$\gamma^*\to q\bar q g$ matrix element arising from the interference of the
two-loop with the tree-level amplitude and from the self-interference of the
one-loop amplitude. The calculation is performed by reducing all loop integrals
appearing in the two-loop amplitude to a small set of known master integrals.
Infrared and ultraviolet divergences are both regularized using conventional
dimensional regularization, and the ultraviolet renormalization is performed in
the $\bar{MS}$ scheme. The infrared pole structure of the matrix elements
agrees with the prediction made by Catani using an infrared factorization
formula. The analytic result for the finite terms of both matrix elements is
expressed in terms of one- and two-dimensional harmonic polylogarithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40767 </DOCNO>
Physics Implications of Precision Electroweak Experiments


  A brief review is given of precision electroweak physics, and its
implications for establishing the standard model and constraining the
possibilities for new physics at the TeV scale and beyond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95471 </DOCNO>
Multi-dimensional Diffeomorphism and Current Algebras from Virasoro and


  The recently constructed Fock representations of $N$-dimensional
diffeomorphism and current algebras are reformulated in terms of
one-dimensional currents, satisfying Virasoro and affine Kac-Moody algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168281 </DOCNO>
A general mathematical structure for the time-reversal operator


  The aim of this work is the mathematical analysis of the physical
time-reversal operator and its definition as a geometrical structure\QTR{bf}{,
}in such a way that it could be generalized to the purely mathematical realm.
Rigorously, only having such a ``time-reversal structure'' it can be decided
whether a dynamical system is time-symmetric or not.\QTR{it}{\}The
``time-reversal structures'' of several important physical and mathematical
examples are presented, showing that there are some mathematical categories
whose objects are the (classical or abstract) ``time-reversal systems'' and
whose morphisms generalize the Wigner transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81482 </DOCNO>
Quark propagator from an improved staggered action in Laplacian and


  Studies of gauge dependent quantities are afflicted with Gribov copies, but
Laplacian gauge fixing provides one possible solution to this problem. We
present results for the lattice quark propagator in both Landau and Laplacian
gauges using standard and improved staggered quark actions. The standard
Kogut-Susskind action has errors of \oa{2} while the improved ``Asqtad'' action
has \oa{4}, \oag{2}{2} errors and this improvement is seen in the quark
propagator. We demonstrate the application of tree-level corrections to these
actions and see that Landau and Laplacian gauges produce very similar results.
In addition, we test an ansatz for the quark mass function, with promising
results. In the chiral limit, the infrared quark mass, $M(q^2 = 0)$ is found to
be $260\pm 20$ MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81203 </DOCNO>
Abelian and Center Vortex Condensation in SU(3) Lattice Gauge Theory


  We study the condensation of Abelian and Center vortices in SU(3) lattice
gauge theory at finite temperature. We find that both vortices condense in the
confined phase of the SU(3) vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83912 </DOCNO>
Quantum Certificate Verification: Single versus Multiple Quantum


  The class MA consists of languages that can be efficiently verified by
classical probabilistic verifiers using a single classical certificate, and the
class QMA consists of languages that can be efficiently verified by quantum
verifiers using a single quantum certificate. Suppose that a verifier receives
not only one but multiple certificates. In the classical setting, it is obvious
that a classical verifier with multiple classical certificates is essentially
the same with the one with a single classical certificate. However, in the
quantum setting where a quantum verifier is given a set of quantum certificates
in tensor product form (i.e. each quantum certificate is not entangled with
others), the situation is different, because the quantum verifier might utilize
the structure of the tensor product form. This suggests a possibility of
another hierarchy of complexity classes, namely the QMA hierarchy. From this
point of view, we extend the definition of QMA to QMA(k) for the case quantum
verifiers use k quantum certificates, and analyze the properties of QMA(k).
  To compare the power of QMA(2) with that of QMA(1) = QMA, we show one
interesting property of ``quantum indistinguishability''. This gives a strong
evidence that QMA(2) is more powerful than QMA(1). Furthermore, we show that,
for any fixed positive integer $k \geq 2$, if a language L has a one-sided
bounded error QMA(k) protocol with a quantum verifier using k quantum
certificates, L necessarily has a one-sided bounded error QMA(2) protocol with
a quantum verifier using only two quantum certificates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127871 </DOCNO>
Variation of Muon Counts Versus Solar Time


  Project GRAND observes small variations in the number of incident muons when
plotted versus local solar time. The total accumulated number of muons by GRAND
over four years' time is ~140 billion. The data obtained by Project GRAND are
compared with data from neutron monitor stations at Climax and at Newark which
detect secondary neutrons. Project GRAND is an array of 64 proportional wire
chamber stations which are sensitive to secondary muons at energies greater
than 0.1 GeV. The mean energy of cosmic ray primaries which produce these muons
depends on the spectral index. For a differential spectral index of 2.4, the
most probable gamma ray primary energy is about 10 GeV, the response falling
steeply below this energy and slowly above this energy; this most probably
energy varies only slowly with spectral index.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124085 </DOCNO>
INTEGRAL capabilities for faint Gamma-Ray Bursts


  We discuss the INTEGRAL capabilities to detect a high redshift population of
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). First a simple comparison between other past or
planned experiments (BATSE, SAX, HETE-2, Romer, Swift) and INTEGRAL
instrumentation (IBIS, JEM-X) is shown. After this first view we will be
focused on comparing the capabilities of the two most sensitive missions
(INTEGRAL/IBIS and Swift) of detecting a further population of GRBs. We
conclude that, if the GRB rate is proportional to the star formation rate, the
capabilities of studying GRBs of INTEGRAL are complementary to the ones of
missions like Swift and HETE-2, specially devoted to prompt localizations of
GRBs. Whereas Swift and HETE-2 would detect a higher number of GRBs than
INTEGRAL (~8 and ~22 more detections than IBIS and JEM-X respectively),
INTEGRAL and specially IBIS would detect very high redshift (z > 15) GRBs,
unreachable for Swift and HETE-2. This fact is very relevant for studying a
population of GRBs further than z=15, which would be associated with the
population III of stars. Therefore, the INTEGRAL mission (precisely IBIS) will
be a very valuable tool to trace the primitive star formation rate at the early
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4569 </DOCNO>
The Finite Energy Constant Magnetization of the Two - Dimensional Ising


  We suggest the new definition of the magnetization. For the two - dimensional
Ising model with the free boundary conditions we calculate any derivative of
this magnetization for zero magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127332 </DOCNO>
Nova-induced mass transfer variations


  We investigate variations of the mass transfer rate in cataclysmic variables
(CVs) that are induced by nova outbursts. The ejection of nova shells leads to
a spread of transfer rates in systems with similar orbital period. The effect
is maximal if the specific angular momentum in the shell is the same as the
specific orbital angular momentum of the white dwarf. We show analytically that
in this case the nova-induced widening of the mass transfer rate distribution
can be significant if the system, in the absence of nova outbursts, is close to
mass transfer instability (i.e., within a factor of ~1.5 of the critical mass
ratio). Hence the effect is negligible below the period gap and for systems
with high-mass white dwarfs. At orbital periods between about 3 and 6 hrs the
width of the mass transfer rate distribution exceeds an order of magnitude if
the mass accreted on the white dwarf prior to the runaway is larger than a few
10^{-4} M_sun. At a given orbital period in this range, systems with the
highest transfer rate should on average have the largest ratio of donor to
white dwarf mass. We show results of population synthesis models which confirm
and augment the analytic results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5458 </DOCNO>
Experimental Demonstration of Fermi Surface Effects at Filling Factor


  Using small wavelength surface acoustic waves (SAW) on ultra-high mobility
heterostructures, Fermi surface properties are detected at 5/2 filling factor
at temperatures higher than those at which the quantum Hall state forms. An
enhanced conductivity is observed at 5/2 by employing sub 0.5 micron wavelength
SAW, indicating a quasiparticle mean-free-path substantially smaller than that
in the lowest Landau level. These findings are consistent with the presence of
a filled Fermi sea of composite fermions, which may pair at lower temperatures
to form the 5/2 ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75648 </DOCNO>
g-2 From Noncommutative Geometry


  This brief Letter demonstrates that effects from a $\nc$ space-time geometry
will measurably affect the value of $(g-2)_\mu$ inferred from the decay of the
muon to an electron plus two neutrinos. If the scale of noncommutivity is
${\cal O}(TeV)$, the alteration of the $V-A$ structure of the lepton-lepton-W
vertex is sufficient to shift the inferred value of $(g-2)_\mu$ to one part in
$10^8$. This may account for the recently reported $2.6 \sigma$ discrepancy
between the BNL measurement $a_{expt} = 11659202(14)(6) \times 10^{-10}$ and
the Standard Model prediction $a_{SM} = 11659159.6(6.7) \times 10^{-10}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127392 </DOCNO>
Angular Resolution of Pachmarhi Array of Cerenkov Telescopes


  Pachmarhi Array of \v{C}erenkov Telescopes(PACT), consisting of a distributed
array of 25 telescopes is used to sample the atmospheric \v{C}erenkov Photon
showers. The shower front is fitted to a plane and the direction of arrival of
primary particle is obtained. The accuracy in the estimation of the arrival
direction of showers has been estimated to be $\sim 0^{\circ}.1~$ using `split'
array method. The angular resolution is expected to be even better when a
spherical front is used for direction reconstruction or correction for the
curvature of the front is applied. This is the best angular resolution among
all the currently operating atmospheric \v{C}erenkov telescopes in the world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128153 </DOCNO>
Clustering of dark matter halos on the light-cone: scale-, time- and


  We develop a phenomenological model to predict the clustering of dark matter
halos on the light-cone by combining several existing theoretical models.
Assuming that the velocity field of halos on large scales is approximated by
linear theory, we propose an empirical prescription of a scale-, mass-, and
time-dependence of halo biasing. We test our model against the Hubble Volume
$N$-body simulation and examine its validity and limitations. We find a good
agreement in two-point correlation functions of dark matter halos between the
phenomenological model predictions and measurements from the simulation for
$R>5h^{-1}$Mpc both in the real and redshift spaces. Although calibrated on the
mass scale of groups and clusters and for redshifts up to $z\sim2$, the model
is quite general and can be applied to a wider range of astrophysical objects,
such as galaxies and quasars, if the relation between dark halos and visible
objects is specified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95991 </DOCNO>
A construction of some ideals in affine vertex algebras


  Let $N_{k} (\g)$ be a vertex operator algebra (VOA) associated to the
generalized Verma module for affine Lie algebra of type $A_{\ell -1} ^{(1)}$ or
$C_{\ell} ^{(1)}$. We construct a family of ideals $J_{m,n} (\g)$ in $N_{k}
(\g)$, and a family $V_{m,n} (\g)$ of quotient VOAs. These families include
VOAs associated to the integrable representations, and VOAs associated to
admissible representations at half-integer levels investigated in
q-alg/9502015. We also explicitly identify the Zhu's algebras $A(V_{m,n} (\g))$
and find a connection between these Zhu's algebras and Weyl algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73139 </DOCNO>
Monopoles and Confining Strings in QCD


  We review the recent results in the physics of the magnetic monopoles in
gluodynamics and a dual formulation of non-Abelian theories, relevant to the
physics of the confinement. It occurs that the dual gluon is a U(1) gauge
boson, despite of the fact that usual gluons are non-Abelian. The effective
infrared Lagrangian for gluodynamics is suggested which leads to the Casimir
scaling of the string tension for quarks in various representations. We also
show that the results of the calculations in lattice gauge theories confirm our
theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114254 </DOCNO>
Ramping Control of HLS Storage Ring


  HLS (Hefei Light Source) is a second generation synchrotron radiation source.
After injected into the storage ring at energy of 200MeV, the electrons will be
ramped to 800MeV. During ramping, the magnetic fields of the bend, quadruple
and sextuple magnets are ramped up synchronously to keep the working point of
the storage ring unchanged. This process is carefully controlled by HLS control
system, which is built under EPICS. Several measures are taken to insure the
synchronization and linearity of the ramping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75160 </DOCNO>
Photon-pair conversion into neutrinos in a strong magnetic field


  A general analysis of the three-vertex loop amplitude in a strong magnetic
field, based on the asymptotic form of the electron propagator in the field, is
performed. In order to investigate the photon-neutrino process gamma gamma ->
nu bar nu, the vertex combinations of the scalar-vector-vector (SVV),
pseudoscalar-vector-vector (PVV), 3-vector (VVV), and
axial-vector-vector-vector (AVV) types are considered. It is shown that only
the SVV amplitude grows linearly with the magnetic field strength, while in the
other amplitudes, PVV, VVV, and AVV, the linearly growing terms are cancelled.
The process gamma gamma -> nu bar nu is investigated in the
left-right-symmetric extension of the standard model of electroweak
interaction, where the effective scalar nu nu e e coupling could exist.
Possible astrophysical manifestations of the considered process are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169455 </DOCNO>
Stoppage of Light Made Flexible by an Additional Control Field


  We show how the application of a coupling field connecting the two lower
metastable states of a Lambda system facilitates stoppage of light in a coheren
tly driven Doppler broadened atomic medium via electromagnetic induced
transparency

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4256 </DOCNO>
Direct Investigation of Superparamagnetism in Co Nanoparticle Films


  A direct probe of superparamagnetism was used to determine the complete
anisotropy energy distribution of Co nanoparticle films. The films were
composed of self-assembled lattices of uniform Co nanoparticles 3 nm or 5 nm in
diameter, and a variable temperature scanning-SQUID microscope was used to
measure temperature-induced spontaneous magnetic noise in the samples. Accurate
measurements of anisotropy energy distributions of small volume samples will be
critical to magnetic optimization of nanoparticle devices and media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4276 </DOCNO>
Green fluorescent proteins as optically-controllable elements in


  A single-biomolecule optical toggle-switch is demonstrated based on a mutated
green fluorescent protein (GFP). We have exploited molecular biology techniques
to tailor GFP molecular structure and photophysical properties and give it
optically-controlled bistability between two distinct states. We present
optical control of the fluorescence dynamics with two laser beams at 476 and
350 nm down to the ultimate limit of single molecules. These results indicate
that GFP-class fluorophores are promising candidates for the realization of
biomolecular devices such as volumetric optical memories and optical switches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129376 </DOCNO>
Stellar Nuclear Rings in Barred Galaxies: Fossils of Past Circumnuclear


  We have found four barred S0 galaxies -- NGC 936, NGC 3945, NGC 4340, and NGC
4371 -- which contain smooth, luminous, purely stellar nuclear rings within
their bars. These rings have little or no dust, no evidence for recent star
formation, and are approximately the same color as surrounding bar and bulge.
Thus, they are probably the aged remnants of bar-driven circumnuclear starburst
episodes similar to those seen in barred galaxies today.
  Using kinematic data from long-slit spectroscopy, we construct rotation and
resonance curves for two of the galaxies. In both cases, the nuclear rings
appear to be located near or at the inner inner Lindblad resonances of the
large-scale bars.
  We also discuss the difficulties inherent in detecting and identifying such
rings, and show some of the surprising ways in which stellar rings can distort
galaxy isophotes and ellipse fits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41572 </DOCNO>
A Search for Instantons at HERA


  A search for QCD instanton (I) induced events in deep-inelastic scattering
(DIS) at HERA is presented in the kinematic range of low x and low Q^2. After
cutting into three characteristic variables for I-induced events yielding a
maximum suppression of standard DIS background to the 0.1% level while still
preserving 10% of the I-induced events, 549 data events are found while
363^{+22}_{-26} (CDM) and 435^{+36}_{-22} (MEPS) standard DIS events are
expected. More events than expected by the standard DIS Monte Carlo models are
found in the data. However, the systematic uncertainty between the two
different models is of the order of the expected signal, so that a discovery of
instantons can not be claimed. An outlook is given on the prospect to search
for QCD instanton events using a discriminant based on range searching in the
kinematical region Q^2\gtrsim100\GeV^2 where the I-theory makes safer
predictions and the QCD Monte Carlos are expected to better describe the
inclusive data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4488 </DOCNO>
Infinitesimal incommensurate stripe phase in an axial


  An axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising (ANNNI) model is studied by using the
non-equilibrium relaxation method. We find that the incommensurate stripe phase
between the ordered phase and the paramagnetic phase is negligibly narrow or
may vanish in the thermodynamic limit. The phase transition is the second-order
transition if approached from the ordered phase, and it is of the
Kosterlitz-Thouless type if approached from the paramagnetic phase. Both
transition temperatures coincide with each other within the numerical errors.
The incommensurate phase which has been observed previously is a paramagnetic
phase with a very long correlation length (typically $\xi\ge 500$). We could
resolve this phase by treating very large systems ($\sim 6400\times 6400$),
which is first made possible by employing the present method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97295 </DOCNO>
Geometric structures on orbifolds and the PGL(3, R)-Teichmuller


  Let $G$ be a Lie group acting on a space $X$. We show that the space of
isotopy-equivalence classes of $(G,X)$-structures on an orbifold $\Sigma$ maps
locally homeomorphic to the space of representations of the fundamental group
of $\Sigma$ to $G$ following the work of Morgan and Lok. Next, we define the
Teichm\"uller component of the space of conjugacy equivalence classes of
representations to $\PGL(3, \bR)$ of the fundamental group of a 2-orbifold of
negative Euler characteristic generalizing that for a closed surface. This
component contains the space of conjugacy classes of the
$\PO(1,2)$-representations of the orbifold corresponding to hyperbolic
structures, i.e., the Teichm\"uller space. We identify this component with the
deformation space of convex real projective structures on the orbifold. We also
provide a proof of the existence and uniqueness of universal covering orbifolds
along Thurston's notes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126565 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Globular Cluster Population in NGC 1399


  We report on the {\it Chandra} observations of the elliptical galaxy NGC
1399, concentrating on the X-ray sources identified with globular clusters
(GCs). A large fraction of the 2-10 keV X-ray emission in the $8' \times 8'$
{\it Chandra} image is resolved into point sources with luminosities $\ge 5
\times 10^{37}$ \ergsec. These sources are most likely Low Mass X-ray Binaries
(LMXBs). In a region imaged by {\it HST} about 70% of the X-ray sources are
located within GCs. This association suggests that in giant elliptical galaxies
luminous X-ray binaries preferentially form in GCs. Many of the GC sources have
super-Eddington luminosities (for an accreting neutron star) and their average
luminosity is higher than the non-GC sources. The X-ray spectral properties of
both GC and non-GC sources are similar to those of LMXBs in our Galaxy. Two of
the brightest sources, one of which is in a GC, have an ultra-soft spectrum,
similar to that seen in the high state of black hole candidates. The
``apparent'' super-Eddington luminosity in many cases may be due to multiple
LMXB systems within individual GCs, but with some of the most extremely
luminous systems containing massive black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75658 </DOCNO>
High-p_T pion and kaon production in relativistic nuclear collisions


  High-p_T pion and kaon production is studied in relativistic proton-proton,
proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions in a wide energy range. Cross
sections are calculated based on perturbative QCD, augmented by a
phenomenological transverse momentum distribution of partons (``intrinsic
k_T''). An energy dependent width of the transverse momentum distribution is
extracted from pion and charged hadron production data in
proton-proton/proton-antiproton collisions. Effects of multiscattering and
shadowing in the strongly interacting medium are taken into account.
Enhancement of the transverse momentum width is introduced and parameterized to
explain the Cronin effect. In collisions between heavy nuclei, the model
over-predicts central pion production cross sections (more significantly at
higher energies), hinting at the presence of jet quenching. Predictions are
made for proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83926 </DOCNO>
A Proposal for Dynamic Access Lists for TCP/IP Packet Filering


  The use of IP filtering to improve system security is well established, and
although limited in what it can achieve has proved to be efficient and
effective.
  In the design of a security policy there is always a trade-off between
usability and security. Restricting access means that legitimate use of the
network is prevented; allowing access means illegitimate use may be allowed.
Static access list make finding a balance particularly stark -- we pay the
price of decreased security 100% of the time even if the benefit of increased
usability is only gained 1% of the time.
  Dynamic access lists would allow the rules to change for short periods of
time, and to allow local changes by non-experts. The network administrator can
set basic security guide-lines which allow certain basic services only. All
other services are restricted, but users are able to request temporary
exceptions in order to allow additional access to the network. These exceptions
are granted depending on the privileges of the user.
  This paper covers the following topics: (1) basic introduction to TCP/IP
filtering; (2) semantics for dynamic access lists and; (3) a proposed protocol
for allowing dynamic access; and (4) a method for representing access lists so
that dynamic update and look-up can be done efficiently performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1477 </DOCNO>
Superconducting gap anisotropy of LuNi2B2C thin films from microwave


  Surface impedance measurements of LuNi2B2C superconducting thin films as a
function of temperature have been performed down to 1.5 K and at 20 GHz using a
dielectric resonator technique. The magnetic penetration depth closely
reproduces the standard B.C.S. result, but with a reduced value of the energy
gap at low temperature. These data provide evidence for an anisotropic s-wave
character of the order parameter symmetry in LuNi2B2C. From the evaluation of
the real part of complex conductivity, we have observed constructive (type II)
coherence effects in the electromagnetic absorption below Tc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114226 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic Singularities


  We give a brief overview of the physical significance of singularities in
fluid mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125106 </DOCNO>
The second ROSAT PSPC survey of M31 and the complete ROSAT PSPC source


  This paper reports the results of the analysis of the second ROSAT PSPC
survey of M31 performed in summer 1992. We compare our results with those of
the first survey. Within the ~10.7 deg^2 field of view, 396 individual X-ray
sources are detected in the second survey data, of which 164 are new
detections. When combined with the first survey, this result in a total of 560
X-ray sources in the field of M31. Their (0.1 keV - 2.0 keV) fluxes range from
7 x 10^-15 to 7.6 x 10^-12 erg cm^-2 s^-1, and of these 560 sources, 55 are
tentatively identified with foreground stars, 33 with globular clusters, 16
with supernova remnants, and 10 with radio sources and galaxies (including
M32). A comparison with the results of the Einstein M31 survey reveals 491
newly detected sources, 11 long term variable sources, and 7 possible transient
sources. Comparing the two ROSAT surveys, we come up with 34 long term variable
sources and 8 transient candidates. For the M31 sources, the observed
luminosities range from 4 x 10^35 to 4 x 10^38 erg s^-1. The total (0.1 keV -
2.0 keV) luminosity of M31 is (3.4+-0.3) x 10^39 erg s^-1, distributed
approximately equally between the bulge and disk. Within the bulge region, the
luminosity of a possible diffuse component combined with faint sources below
the detection threshold is (2.0+-0.5) x 10^38 erg s^-1. An explanation in terms
of hot gaseous emission leads to a maximum total gas mass of (1.0+-0.3) x 10^6
M_sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1246 </DOCNO>
The Convergence of European Business Cycles 1978-2000


  The degree of convergence of the business cycles of the economies of the
European Union is a key policy issue. In particular, a substantial degree of
convergence is needed if the European Central Bank is to be capable of setting
a monetary policy which is appropriate to the stage of the cycle of the Euro
zone economies.
  We consider the annual rates of real GDP growth on a quarterly basis in the
large core economies of the EU (France, Germany and Italy, plus the
Netherlands) over the period 1978Q1 - 2000Q3. An important empirical question
is the degree to which the correlations between these growth rates contain true
information rather than noise. The technique of random matrix theory is able to
answer this question, and has been recently applied successfully in the physics
journals to financial markets data.
  We find that the correlations between the growth rates of the core EU
economies contain substantial amounts of true information, and exhibit
considerable stability over time. Even in the late 1970s and early 1980s, these
economies moved together closely over the course of the business cycle. There
was a slight loosening at the time of German re-unification, but the economies
are now, if anything, even more closely correlated.
  In contrast, the results obtained with a data set of the EU core plus the UK
show no such trend. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the UK economy did
exhibit some degree of correlation with those of the core EU. However, there is
no clear evidence to suggest that the UK business cycle has moved more closely
into line with that of the core EU economies over the 1978-2000 period.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168306 </DOCNO>
Collective Rabi Oscillations and Cold Collisions


  We examine cold atomic collisions within a resonant optical cavity. The
quantized cavity mode can be used to manipulate the collisions between the cold
atoms, such that periodic exchange of excitations between the atoms and the
electromagnetic field strongly alters the collision dynamics. A colliding pair
of atoms can thereby oscillate between its ground and excited states during the
collision time. Using a semiclassical model, it can be predicted that such
Rabi-like oscillations are revealed in the atomic trap-loss probabilities,
which show maxima and minima as a function of the detuning between the
frequencies of the mode and the atomic transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2836 </DOCNO>
Zeroes of the Jones polynomial


  We study the distribution of zeroes of the Jones polynomial $V_K(t)$ for a
knot $K$. We have computed numerically the roots of the Jones polynomial for
all prime knots with $N\leq 10$ crossings, and found the zeroes scattered about
the unit circle $|t|=1$ with the average distance to the circle approaching a
nonzero value as $N$ increases.
  For torus knots of the type $(m,n)$ we show that all zeroes lie on the unit
circle with a uniform density in the limit of either $m$ or $n\to \infty$, a
fact confirmed by our numerical findings. We have also elucidated the relation
connecting the Jones polynomial with the Potts model, and used this relation to
derive the Jones polynomial for a repeating chain knot with $3n$ crossings for
general $n$. It is found that zeroes of its Jones polynomial lie on three
closed curves centered about the points $1, i$ and $-i$. In addition, there are
two isolated zeroes located one each near the points $t_\pm = e^{\pm 2\pi i/3}$
at a distance of the order of $3^{-(n+2)/2}$. Closed-form expressions are
deduced for the closed curves in the limit of $n\to \infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114200 </DOCNO>
Electric multipole plasmons in deformed sodium clusters


  The random-phase-approximation (RPA) method with separable residual forces
(SRPA) is proposed for the description of multipole electric oscillations of
valence electrons in deformed alkali metal clusters. Both the deformed mean
field and residual interaction are derived self-consistently from the Kohn-Sham
functional. SRPA drastically simplifies the computational effort which is
urgent if not decisive for deformed systems. The method is applied to the
description of dipole, quadrupole and octupole plasmons in deformed sodium
clusters of a moderate size. We demonstrate that, in clusters with the size
N>50, Landau damping successfully competes with deformation splitting and even
becomes decisive in forming the width and gross structure of the dipole
plasmon. Besides, the plasmon is generated by excitations from both ground
state and shape isomers. In such clusters familiar experimental estimates for
deformation splitting of dipole plasmon are useless.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148271 </DOCNO>
Topologically Massive Non-Abelian Gauge Theories: Constraints and


  We study the relationship between three non-Abelian topologically massive
gauge theories, viz. the naive non-Abelian generalization of the Abelian model,
Freedman-Townsend model and the dynamical 2-form theory, in the canonical
framework. Hamiltonian formulation of the naive non-Abelian theory is presented
first. The other two non-Abelian models are obtained by deforming the
constraints of this model. We study the role of the auxiliary vector field in
the dynamical 2-form theory in the canonical framework and show that the
dynamical 2-form theory cannot be considered as the embedded version of naive
non-Abelian model. The reducibility aspect and gauge algebra of the latter
models are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5851 </DOCNO>
Emergent Z_2 gauge symmetry and spin-charge separation in one


  We demonstrate that in the scaling limit the phenomenon of spin-charge
separation as encountered in Luttinger liquids defined on the lattice can be
associated with the emergence of local Ising symmetry. This Z_2 gauge field is
of geometrical nature (sublattice parity) and the Luttinger liquid corresponds
with the critical point where the symmetry is on the verge of becoming local.
We argue that in a true one dimensional superconductor the local symmetry will
be fully realized as long as the geometrical structure associated with
spin-charge separation is maintained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1536 </DOCNO>
Heavy-fermion superconductivity in CeCoIn5 at 2.3K


  We report the observation of heavy-fermion superconducitivity in CeCoIn5 at
Tc =2.3 K. When compared to the pressure-induced Tc of its cubic relative CeIn3
(Tc ~200 mK), the Tc of CeCoIn5 is remarkably high. We suggest that this
difference may arise from magnetically mediated superconductivity in the
layered crystal structure of CeCoIn5 .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4991 </DOCNO>
Hysteresis and Fractional Matching in Thin Nb Films with Rectangular


  We have investigated the periodic pinning of magnetic flux quanta in thin Nb
films with rectangular arrays of magnetic dots. In this type of pinning
geometry, a change in the periodicity and shape of the minima in the
magnetoresistance occurs for magnetic fields exceeding a certain threshold
value. This has been explained recently in terms of a reconfiguration
transition of the vortex lattice due to an increasing vortex-vortex interaction
with increasing magnetic field. In this picture the dominating elastic energy
at high fields forces the vortex lattice to form a square symmetry rather than
being commensurate to the rectangular geometry of the pinning array. In this
paper we present a comparative study of rectangular arrays with Ni-dots,
Co-dots and holes. In the magnetic dot arrays, we found a strong fractional
matching effect up to the second order matching field. In contrast, no clear
fractional matching is seen after the reconfiguration. Additionally, we
discovered the existence of hysteresis in the magnetoresistance in the
crossover between the low and the high field regime. We found evidence that
this effect is correlated to the reconfiguration phenomenon rather than to the
magnetic state of the dots. The temperature and angular dependences of the
effect have been measured and possible models are discussed to explain this
behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97879 </DOCNO>
Linear Equations over cones and Collatz-Wielandt numbers


  Let $K$ be a proper cone in $\IR^n$, let $A$ be an $n\times n$ real matrix
that satisfies $AK\subseteq K$, let $b$ be a given vector of $K$, and let
$\lambda$ be a given positive real number. The following two linear equations
are considered in this paper: (i)$(\lambda I_n-A)x=b$, $x\in K$, and
(ii)$(A-\lambda I_n)x=b$, $x\in K$. We obtain several equivalent conditions for
the solvability of the first equation. For the second equation we give an
equivalent condition for its solvability in case when $\lambda>\rho_b (A)$, and
we also find a necessary condition when $\lambda=\rho_b (A)$ and also when
$\lambda < \rho_b(A)$, sufficiently close to $\rho_b(A)$, where $\rho_b (A)$
denotes the local spectral radius of $A$ at $b$. With $\lambda$ fixed, we also
consider the questions of when the set $(A-\lambda I_n)K \bigcap K$ equals
$\{0\}$ or $K$, and what the face of $K$ generated by the set is. Then we
derive some new results about local spectral radii and Collatz-Wielandt sets
(or numbers) associated with a cone-preserving map, and extend a known
characterization of $M$-matrices among $Z$-matrices in terms of alternating
sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2298 </DOCNO>
Some comments on superconductivity in diborides


  Short discussion trying to explain, why superconductivity revealed for some
diborides is not always confirmed in experiments of different research groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124694 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric Abundances in Post-AGB candidates of Intermediate


  Detailed atmospheric abundances have been calculated for a sample of A-G
supergiant stars with IR fluxes and/or high galactic latitudes. HD 172481 and
HD 158616 show clear indications of being post-AGB stars that have experienced
third dredge-up. HD 158616 is carbon-rich while the abundance pattern of HD
172481 and its large Li enhancement gives support to the hot bottom burning
scenario that explains paucity of carbon-rich stars among AGB stars. HD 172324
is very likely a hot post-AGB star that shows a strong carbon deficiency. HD
725, HD 218753 and HD 331319 also appear to be evolved objects between the red
giant and the AGB. HD 9167, HD 173638 with a few exceptions, reflect solar
abundances and no signs of post red giant evolution. They are most likely young
massive disk supergiants. Further analysis of proto-Planetary Nebula HDE 341617
reveals that He lines show signs of velocity stratification. The emission lines
have weakened considerably since 1993. The envelope expands at 19 km s$^{-1}$
relative to the star. Atmospheric abundances, evolutionary tracks and
isochrones are used to estimate masses and ages of all stars in the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123954 </DOCNO>
The Nearest Neighbor Alignment of Cluster X-ray Isophotes


  We examine the orientations of rich galaxy cluster X-ray isophotes with
respect to their rich nearest neighbors using existing samples of Abell cluster
position angles measured from {\it Einstein} and {\it ROSAT} observations. We
study a merged subset of these samples using updated and improved positions and
redshifts for Abell/ACO clusters. We find high confidence for alignment, which
increases as nearest neighbor distance is restricted. We conclude that there is
a strong alignment signal in all this data, consistent with gravitational
instability acting on Gaussian perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1396 </DOCNO>
Excluded Volume in Protein Sidechain Packing


  To examine the relationship between sidechain geometry and sidechain packing,
we use an all-atom Monte Carlo simulation to sample the large space of
sidechain conformations. We study three models of excluded volume and use
umbrella sampling to effectively explore the entire space. We find that while
excluded volume constraints reduce the size of conformational space by many
orders of magnitude, the number of allowed conformations is still large. An
average repacked conformation has 20% of its chi angles in a non-native state.
Interestingly, well-packed conformations, with up to 50% non-native chi's
exist. Entropy is distributed non-uniformly over positions, and we partially
explain the observed distribution using rotamer probabilities derived from the
pdb database. In spite of our finding that 65% of the native rotamers and 85%
of chi 1 angles can be correctly predicted on the basis of excluded volume
only, 95% of positions can accomodate more than 1 rotamer in simulation. We
estimate that in order to quench the sidechain entropy observed in the presence
of excluded volume interactions, other interactions (hydrophobic, polar,
electrostatic) must provide an additional stabilization of at least 0.6 kT per
residue in order to single out the native state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 37 </DOCNO>
Spin-Flip Transistor


  The recently developed semiclassical theory for magnetoelectronic circuits is
applied to a transistor-like device consisting of a normal metal island and
three magnetic terminals. The electric current between source and drain can be
controlled by the magnetization of a ``base'' reservoir up to distances of the
order of the spin-flip diffusion length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169367 </DOCNO>
To the nonlinear quantum mechanics


  The Schroedinger equation with the nonlinear term is derived by the natural
generalization of the hydrodynamical model of quantum mechanics. The nonlinear
term appears to be logically necessary because it enables explanation of the
classical limit of the wave function, the collaps of the wave function and
solves the Schroedinger cat paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113642 </DOCNO>
Ray-Tracing studies in a perturbed atmosphere: I- The initial value


  We report the development of a new ray-tracing simulation tool having the
potential of the full characterization of a radio link through the accurate
study of the propagation path of the signal from the transmitting to the
receiving antennas across a perturbed atmosphere. The ray-tracing equations are
solved, with controlled accuracy, in three dimensions (3D) and the propagation
characteristics are obtained using various refractive index models. The
launching of the rays, the atmospheric medium and its disturbances are
characterized in 3D. The novelty in the approach stems from the use of special
numerical techniques dealing with so called stiff differential equations
without which no solution of the ray-tracing equations is possible. Starting
with a given launching angle, the solution consists of the ray trajectory, the
propagation time information at each point of the path, the beam spreading, the
transmitted (resp. received) power taking account of the radiation pattern and
orientation of the antennas and finally, the polarization state of the beam.
Some previously known results are presented for comparative purposes and new
results are presented as well as some of the capabilities of the software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76152 </DOCNO>
Charmed Hadron Production in Neutrino Reactions and Polarized s-quark


  In order to obtain information about the polarized strange quark
distribution, we studied the semi-inclusive $\Lambda_c / \bar{\Lambda}_c$
production in neutrino and polarized proton collisions. We found that these
reactions are effective to clearly extract the polarization of strange quark by
measuring the spin correlation between the target proton and the produced
$\Lambda_c / \bar{\Lambda}_c$ baryon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83947 </DOCNO>
Inference of termination conditions for numerical loops in Prolog


  We present a new approach to termination analysis of numerical computations
in logic programs. Traditional approaches fail to analyse them due to non
well-foundedness of the integers. We present a technique that allows overcoming
these difficulties. Our approach is based on transforming a program in a way
that allows integrating and extending techniques originally developed for
analysis of numerical computations in the framework of query-mapping pairs with
the well-known framework of acceptability. Such an integration not only
contributes to the understanding of termination behaviour of numerical
computations, but also allows us to perform a correct analysis of such
computations automatically, thus extending previous work on a constraint-based
approach to termination. Finally, we discuss possible extensions of the
technique, including incorporating general term orderings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174718 </DOCNO>
Delta I = 1 staggering in octupole bands of light actinides: "Beat"


  The Delta I = 1 staggering (odd--even staggering) in octupole bands of light
actinides is found to exhibit a ``beat'' behaviour as a function of the angular
momentum I, forcing us to revise the traditional belief that this staggering
decreases gradually to zero and then remains at this zero value. Various
algebraic models (spf-Interacting Boson Model, spdf-IBM, Vector Boson Model,
Nuclear Vibron Model) are shown to predict in their su(3) limits constant
staggering for this case, being thus unable to describe the ``beat'' behaviour.
An explanation of the ``beat'' behaviour is given in terms of two Dunham
expansions (expansions in terms of powers of I(I+1)) with slightly different
sets of coefficients for the ground state band and the negative parity band,
the difference in the values of the coefficients being attributed to Coriolis
couplings to other negative parity bands. Similar ``beat'' patterns have
already been seen in rotational bands of some diatomic molecules, like AgH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129493 </DOCNO>
Detecting the progenitors of core collapse supernovae


  The masses and the evolutionary states of the progenitors of core-collapse
supernovae are not well constrained by direct observations. Stellar evolution
theory generally predicts that massive stars with initial masses less than
about 30M_sol should undergo core-collapse when they are cool M-type
supergiants. However the only two detections of a SN progenitor before
explosion are SN1987A and SN1993J, and neither of these was an M-type
supergiant. Attempting to identify the progenitors of supernovae is a difficult
task, as precisely predicting the time of explosion of a massive star is
impossible for obvious reasons. There are several different types of supernovae
which have different spectral and photometric evolution, and how exactly these
are related to the evolutionary states of the progenitor stars is not currently
known. I will describe a novel project which may allow the direct
identification of core-collapse supernovae progenitors on pre-explosion images
of resolved, nearby galaxies. This project is now possible with the excellent
image archives maintained by several facilities and will be enhanced by the new
initiatives to create Virtual Observatories, the earliest of which ASTROVIRTEL
is already producing results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168070 </DOCNO>
A Talk on Quantum Cryptography, or How Alice Outwits Eve


  Alice and Bob wish to communicate without the archvillainess Eve
eavesdropping on their conversation. Alice, decides to take two college
courses, one in cryptography, the other in quantum mechanics. During the
courses, she discovers she can use what she has just learned to devise a
cryptographic communication system that automatically detects whether or not
Eve is up to her villainous eavesdropping. Some of the topics discussed are
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, the Vernam cipher, the BB84 and B92
cryptographic protocols. The talk ends with a discussion of some of Eve's
possible eavesdropping strategies, opaque eavesdropping, translucent
eavesdropping, and translucent eavesdropping with entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73354 </DOCNO>
New Supernova Limit on Large Extra Dimensions


  If large extra dimensions exist in nature, supernova (SN) cores will emit
large fluxes of Kaluza-Klein gravitons, producing a cosmic background of these
particles with energies and masses up to about 100 MeV. Radiative decays then
give rise to a diffuse cosmic gamma-ray background with E_gamma < 100 MeV which
is well in excess of the observations if more than 0.5-1% of the SN energy is
emitted into the new channel. This argument complements and tightens the
well-known cooling limit from the observed duration of the SN1987A neutrino
burst. For two extra dimensions we derive a conservative bound on their radius
of R < 0.9 x 10^-4 mm, for three extra dimensions it is R < 1.9 x 10^-7 mm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75223 </DOCNO>
Comments on Color-Suppressed Hadronic B Decays


  Recent experimental results on the color-suppressed nonleptonic decays B^0 ->
D^{(*)0} pi^0 provide evidence for a failure of the naive factorization model
and for sizeable relative strong-interaction phases between class-1 and class-2
B -> D^(*) pi decay amplitudes. The allowed regions for the corresponding
ratios of (complex) isospin amplitudes and a_2/a_1 parameters are determined.
The results are interpreted in the context of QCD factorization for the related
class-1 amplitudes in the heavy-quark limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86783 </DOCNO>
Static axially symmetric solutions of Einstein-Yang-Mills equations with


  Numerical solutions of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations with a negative
cosmological constant are constructed. These axially symmetric solutions
approach asymptotically the anti-de Sitter spacetime and are regular
everywhere. They are characterized by the winding number $n>1$, the mass and
the non-Abelian magnetic charge. The main properties of the solutions and the
differences with respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. The
existence of axially symmetric monopole and dyon solutions in fixed anti-de
Sitter spacetime is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123537 </DOCNO>
Jet stability and the generation of superluminal and stationary


  We present a numerical simulation of the response of an expanding
relativistic jet to the ejection of a superluminal component. The simulation
has been performed with a relativistic time-dependent hydrodynamical code from
which simulated radio maps are computed by integrating the transfer equations
for synchrotron radiation. The interaction of the superluminal component with
the underlying jet results in the formation of multiple conical shocks behind
the main perturbation. These trailing components can be easily distinguished
because they appear to be released from the primary superluminal component,
instead of being ejected from the core. Their oblique nature should also result
in distinct polarization properties. Those appearing closer to the core show
small apparent motions and a very slow secular decrease in brightness, and
could be identified as stationary components. Those appearing farther
downstream are weaker and can reach superluminal apparent motions. The
existence of these trailing components indicates that not all observed
components necessarily represent major perturbations at the jet inlet; rather,
multiple emission components can be generated by a single disturbance in the
jet. While the superluminal component associated with the primary perturbation
exhibits a rather stable pattern speed, trailing components have velocities
that increase with distance from the core but move at less than the jet speed.
The trailing components exhibit motion and structure consistent with the
triggering of pinch modes by the superluminal component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 102 </DOCNO>
Is CeNiSn the Kondo semiconductor?: break-junction data


  IVC characteristics as well as their derivatives were recorded for contacts
on the base of CeNiSn, known as Kondo semiconductor, in the metallic and the
tunnelling regime at temperatures between 0.1-8 K and in magnetic fields up to
8 T using mechanically controllable break junctions (MCBJ). It was found that
CeNiSn behaves like a compound with typical metallic properties instead of the
expected semiconducting behaviour. The main spectral feature is a pronounced
zero-bias conductance minimum of about 10 meV width both for metallic and
tunnel regime, which appears to be of magnetic nature. The experiments provide
no clear-cut evidence for an energy (pseudo)gap in this compound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40867 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Branching Ratio for D_s->tau nu_tau Decays


  Using about 3.9 million hadronic Z decays from e+e- collisions recorded by
the OPAL detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies near MZ the branching ratio
for the decay D_s -> tau nu_tau has been measured to be (7.0 +/- 2.1(stat) +/-
2.0 (syst))%. This result can be used to derive the decay constant of the D_s
meson: f(D_s) = 286 +/- 44(stat) +/- 41(syst) MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1444 </DOCNO>
Acoustic Plasmons in MgB2


  We present strong evidence for the existence of an acoustic plasmon mode,
that is, a quadrupolar charge collective mode with linear dispersion, in MgB2.
This mode may be responsible for the anomalously small value of the Coulomb
pseudopotential required to explain the high superconducting transition
temperature of 40K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75298 </DOCNO>
Limits on the Size of Extra Dimensions and the String Scale


  We give a brief summary of present bounds on the size of possible
extra-dimensions as well as the string scale from collider experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74807 </DOCNO>
On the Erraticity in Random-Cascading alpha Model


  The erraticity in the random-cascading $\alpha$ model is revisited. It is
found that in contrary to the previous expectation, even in the pure
single-$\alpha$ random-cascading model without putting in any particle there
exists erraticity behavior and the corresponding entropy indices do not vanish.
This means that the dynamical fluctuations in a pure single-$\alpha$ model
already fluctuate event-by-event. Models with multiple-$\alpha$ strengthen this
fluctuation. Taking double-$\alpha$ model as example, the variation of the
event-space fluctuation strength with the mixing ratio of the two $\alpha$'s is
studied in some detail. The influence of particle number on the results when
particles are putted into the system is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4652 </DOCNO>
Universal fluctuations and extreme value statistics


  We study the effect of long range algebraic correlations on extreme value
statistics and demonstrate that correlations can produce a limit distribution
which is indistinguishable from the ubiquitous Bramwell-Holdsworth-Pinton
distribution. We also consider the square-width fluctuations of the avalanche
signal. We find, as recently predicted by T. Antal, M. Droz G. Gyorgyi and Z.
Racz for logarithmic correlated 1/f signals, that these fluctuations follow the
Fisher-Tippett-Gumbel distribution from uncorrelated extreme value statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 363 </DOCNO>
Threshold electric field in unconventional density waves


  As it is well known most of charge density wave (CDW) and spin density wave
(SDW) exhibit the nonlinear transport with well defined threshold electric
field E_T. Here we study theoretically the threshold electric field of
unconventional density waves. We find that the threshold field increases
monotonically with temperature without divergent behaviour at T_c, unlike the
one in conventional CDW. The present result in the 3D weak pinning limit
appears to describe rather well the threshold electric field observed recently
in the low-temperature phase (LTP) of alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2KHg(SCN)_4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179150 </DOCNO>
Validity of the one-body current for the calculation of form factors in


  Form factors are calculated in the point form of relativistic quantum
mechanics for the lowest energy states of a system made of two scalar particles
interacting via the exchange of a massless boson. They are compared to the
exact results obtained by using solutions of the Bethe-Salpeter equation which
are well known in this case (Wick-Cutkosky model). Deficiencies of the
point-form approach together with the single-particle current are emphasised.
They point to the contribution of two-body currents which are required in any
case to fulfil current conservation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128887 </DOCNO>
Three Types of Cooling Superfluid Neutron Stars: Theory and Observations


  Cooling of neutron stars (NSs) with the cores composed of neutrons, protons,
and electrons is simulated assuming $^1$S$_0$ pairing of neutrons in the NS
crust, and also $^1$S$_0$ pairing of protons and weak $^3$P$_2$ pairing of
neutrons in the NS core, and using realistic density profiles of the superfluid
critical temperatures $T_{\rm c}(\rho)$. The theoretical cooling models of
isolated middle-aged NSs can be divided into three main types. (I) {\it
Low-mass}, {\it slowly cooling} NSs where the direct Urca process of neutrino
emission is either forbidden or almost fully suppressed by the proton
superfluidity. (II) {\it Medium-mass} NSs which show {\it moderate} cooling via
the direct Urca process suppressed by the proton superfluidity. (III) {\it
Massive} NSs which show {\it fast} cooling via the direct Urca process weakly
suppressed by superfluidity. Confronting the theory with observations we treat
RX J0822--43, PSR 1055--52 and RX J1856--3754 as slowly cooling NSs. To explain
these sufficiently warm sources we need a density profile $T_{\rm c}(\rho)$ in
the crust with a rather high and flat maximum and sharp wings. We treat 1E
1207--52, RX J0002+62, PSR 0656+14, Vela, and Geminga as moderately cooling
NSs. We can determine their masses for a given model of proton superfluidity,
$T_{\rm cp}(\rho)$, and the equation of state in the NS core. No rapidly
cooling NS has been observed so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95703 </DOCNO>
Canonical curves and varieties of sums of powers of cubic polynomials


  In this note we show that the apolar cubic forms associated to codimension
two linear sections of canonical curves of genus at least eleven are special
with respect to their presentation as sums of cubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95583 </DOCNO>
Small polynomials with integer coefficients


  We study the problem of minimizing the supremum norm, on a segment of the
real line or on a compact set in the plane, by polynomials with integer
coefficients. The extremal polynomials are naturally called integer Chebyshev
polynomials. Their factors, zero distribution and asymptotics are the main
subjects of this paper. In particular, we show that the integer Chebyshev
polynomials for any infinite subset of the real line must have infinitely many
distinct factors, which answers a question of Borwein and Erd\'{e}lyi.
Furthermore, it is proved that the accumulation set for their zeros must be of
positive capacity in this case.
  We also find the first nontrivial examples of explicit integer Chebyshev
constants for certain classes of lemniscates. Since it is rarely possible to
obtain an exact value of integer Chebyshev constant, good estimates are of
special importance.
  Introducing the methods of weighted potential theory, we generalize and
improve the Hilbert-Fekete upper bound for integer Chebyshev constant. These
methods also give bounds for the multiplicities of factors of integer Chebyshev
polynomials, and lower bounds for integer Chebyshev constant. Moreover, all the
mentioned bounds can be found numerically, by using various extremal point
techniques, such as weighted Leja points algorithm. Applying our results in the
classical case of the segment $[0,1]$, we improve the known bounds for the
integer Chebyshev constant and the multiplicities of factors of the integer
Chebyshev polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113443 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic Waves in Regions with Smooth Loss of Convexity of


  General phenomenological theory of hydrodynamic waves in regions with smooth
loss of convexity of isentropes is developed based on the fact that for most
media these regions in p-V plane are anomalously small. Accordingly the waves
are usually weak and can be described in the manner analogous to that for weak
shock waves of compression. The corresponding generalized Burgers equation is
derived and analyzed. The exact solution of the equation for steady shock waves
of rarefaction is obtained and discusses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77015 </DOCNO>
On the Large Nc Expansion in Quantum Chromodynamics


  I discuss methods based on the large Nc expansion to study nonperturbative
aspects of quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force. I apply
these methods to the analysis of weak decay processes and the nonperturbative
computation of the weak matrix elements needed for a complete evaluation of
these decays in the Standard Model of elementary particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129201 </DOCNO>
Thermal Instability-Induced Interstellar Turbulence


  We study the dynamics of phase transitions in the interstellar medium by
means of three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical simulations. We use a
realistic cooling function and generic nonequilibrium initial conditions to
follow the formation history of a multiphase medium in detail in the absence of
gravity. We outline a number of qualitatively distinct stages of this process,
including a linear isobaric evolution, transition to an isochoric regime,
formation of filaments and voids (also known as "thermal" pancakes), the
development and decay of supersonic turbulence, an approach to pressure
equilibrium, and final relaxation of the multiphase medium. We find that 1%-2%
of the initial thermal energy is converted into gas motions in one cooling
time. The velocity field then randomizes into turbulence that decays on a
dynamical timescale E_k ~ t^-n, 1 < n < 2. While not all initial conditions
yield a stable two-phase medium, we examine such a case in detail. We find that
the two phases are well mixed with the cold clouds possessing a fine-grained
structure near our numerical resolution limit. The amount of gas in the
intermediate unstable phase roughly tracks the rms turbulent Mach number,
peaking at 25% when M_rms ~ 8, decreasing to 11% when M_rms ~ 0.4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 384 </DOCNO>
Ginzburg-Landau theory for the time-dependent phase field in a


  We derive a finite temperature time-dependent effective theory for the phase
$\theta$ of the pairing field, which is appropriate for a 2D conducting
electron system with non-retarded d-wave attraction. As for s-wave pairing the
effective action contains terms with Landau damping, but their structure
appears to be different from the s-wave case due to the fact that the Landau
damping is determined by the quasiparticle group velocity $v_g$, which for the
d-wave pairing does not have the same direction as the non-interacting Fermi
velocity $v_F$. We show that for the d-wave pairing the Landau terms have a
linear low temperature dependence and in contrast to the s-wave case are
important for all finite temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125891 </DOCNO>
A search for intergalactic HI gas in the NGC 1808 group of galaxies


  A mosaic of six HI line observations with the Australia Telescope Compact
Array is used to search for intergalactic gas in the NGC 1808 group of
galaxies. Within the field of view of about 1.4 deg x 1.2 deg, no emission from
intergalactic HI gas is detected, either in the form of tidal plumes or tails,
intergalactic HI clouds, or as gas associated with tidal dwarf galaxies, with a
5-sigma limiting sensitivity of about 3x10^{18} cm^{-2} (or 1.4x10^7 M_sun at a
distance of 10.9 Mpc, for the given beam size of 127.9" x 77.3"). The HI data
of NGC 1792 and NGC 1808, with a velocity resolution of 6.6 km/s, confirm the
results of earlier VLA observations. Simultaneous wide-band 1.34 GHz continuum
observations also corroborate the results of earlier studies. However, the
continuum flux of NGC 1808 measured by us is almost 20% higher than reported
previously. No radio continuum emission was detected from the type Ia supernova
SN1993af in the north-eastern spiral arm of NGC 1808. A comparison of NGC 1792
and NGC 1808 shows that it is not primarily the total energy input that makes
the big difference between the starburst-related outflow in NGC 1808 and the
absence of such extraplanar features in NGC 1792, but the area over which the
energy released by stellar winds and supernovae is injected into the ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98261 </DOCNO>
On representations and K-theory of the braid groups


  Let G be the fundamental group of the complement of a K(G,1) hyperplane
arrangement (such as Artin's pure braid group) or more generally a
homologically toroidal group (as defined in the paper). The subgroup of
elements in the complex K-theory of BG which arises from complex unitary
representations of G is shown to be trivial. In the case of real K-theory, this
subgroup is an elementary abelian 2-group, which is characterized completely in
terms of the first two Stiefel-Whitney classes of the representation.
Furthermore, an orthogonal representation of G gives rise to a trivial bundle
if and only if the representation factors through the spinor groups.
  In addition, quadratic relations in the cohomology algebra of the pure braid
groups which correspond precisely to the Jacobi identity for certain choices of
Poisson algebras are shown to give the existence of certain homomorphisms from
the pure braid group to generalized Heisenberg groups. These cohomology
relations correspond to non-trivial Spin representations of the pure braid
groups which give rise to trivial bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5926 </DOCNO>
Ordered phase and non-equilibrium fluctuation in stock market


  We analyze the statistics of daily price change of stock market in the
framework of a statistical physics model for the collective fluctuation of
stock portfolio. In this model the time series of price changes are coded into
the sequences of up and down spins, and the Hamiltonian of the system is
expressed by spin-spin interactions as in spin glass models of disordered
magnetic systems. Through the analysis of Dow-Jones industrial portfolio
consisting of 30 stock issues by this model, we find a non-equilibrium
fluctuation mode on the point slightly below the boundary between ordered and
disordered phases. The remaining 29 modes are still in disordered phase and
well described by Gibbs distribution. The variance of the fluctuation is
outlined by the theoretical curve and peculiarly large in the non-equilibrium
mode compared with those in the other modes remaining in ordinary phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96521 </DOCNO>
On the birational geometry of toric Fano 4-folds


  We announce a factorization result for equivariant birational morphisms
between toric 4-folds whose source is Fano: such a morphism is always a
composite of blow-ups along smooth invariant centers. Moreover, we show with a
counterexample that, differently from the 3-dimensional case, even if both
source and target are Fano, the intermediate varieties can not be chosen Fano.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95670 </DOCNO>
Tensor algebras, displacement structure, and the Schur algorithm


  In this paper we explore the connection between tensor algebras and
displacement structure. We describe a scattering experiment in this framework,
we obtain a realization of the elements of the tensor algebra as transfer maps
of a certain class of nonstationary linear systems, and we describe a Schur
algorithm for the Schur elements of the tensor algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76690 </DOCNO>
Prospects for New Physics observations in diffractive processes at the


  We study the double-diffractive production of various heavy systems (e.g.
Higgs, dijet, t tbar and SUSY particles) at LHC and Tevatron collider energies.
In each case we compute the probability that the rapidity gaps, which occur on
either side of the produced system, survive the effects of soft rescattering
and QCD bremsstrahlung effects. We calculate both the luminosity for different
production mechanisms, and a wide variety of subprocess cross sections. The
results allow numerical predictions to be readily made for the cross sections
of all these processes at the LHC and the Tevatron collider. For example, we
predict that the cross section for the exclusive double-diffractive production
of a 120 GeV Higgs boson at the LHC is about 3 fb, and that the QCD background
in the b bbar decay mode is about 4 times smaller than the Higgs signal if the
experimental missing-mass resolution is 1 GeV. For completeness we also discuss
production via gamma gamma or WW fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127447 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX 0.1 - 100 keV Spectrum of the X-ray Pulsar 4U 1538-52


  We report the results of temporal and spectral analysis performed on the
X-ray pulsar 4U 1538-52 observed by BeppoSAX. We obtained a new estimate of the
spin period of the neutron star P=528.24 \pm 0.01 s (corrected for the orbital
motion of the X-ray source): the source is still in the spin-up state, as since
1988. The pulse profile is double peaked, although significant variations of
the relative intensity of the peaks with energy are present. The broad band
(0.12-100 keV) out-of-eclipse spectrum is well described by an absorbed power
law modified by a high energy cutoff at \sim 16 keV (e-folding energy \sim 10
keV) plus an iron emission line at \sim 6.4 keV. A cyclotron line at \sim 21
keV is present. The width of the line is consistent with thermal Doppler
broadening at the temperature of the exponential cutoff. We searched for the
presence of the second harmonic, previously reported for this source. We found
no evidence of lines at \sim 42 keV, although an absorption feature at 51 keV
seems to be present (at 99% confidence level). A soft excess, modelled by a
blackbody with a temperature of \sim 0.08 keV could be present, probably
emitted by the matter at the magnetosphere. We also performed a spectral
analysis during the X-ray eclipse. The spectral evolution during the eclipse
can be well described by a progressive covering of the primary Comptonization
spectrum that is scattered into the line of sight. During the deep eclipse this
spectrum also softens, suggesting that the dust-scattered component becomes
important. An alternative, more complex model, with an emission iron line and
scattered components (as the one that has been used to fit the eclipse of
Centaurus X-3), also gives a good fit of the deep-eclipse data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98603 </DOCNO>
Bracelets and the Goussarov Filtration of the Space of Knots


  Following Goussarov's paper "Interdependent Modifications of Links and
Invariants of Finite Degree" we describe an alternative finite type theory of
knots. While (as shown by Goussarov) the alternative theory turns out to be
equivalent to the standard one, it nevertheless has its own share of intrinsic
beauty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99182 </DOCNO>
On Heron Simplices and Integer Embedding


  In "Unsolved Problems in Number Theory" problem D22 Richard Guy asked for the
existence of simplices with integer lengths, areas, volumes... In dimension two
this is well known, these triangles are called Heron triangles.
  Here I will present my results on Heron tetrahedra, their connection to the
existence of an integer box (problem D18), the tools for the search for higher
dimensional Heron simplices and my nice embedding conjecture about Heron
simplices, which I can only proof in dimension two, but I verified it for a
large range in dimension three.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86468 </DOCNO>
Fresh inflation and decoherence of super Hubble fluctuations


  I study a stochastic approach to the recently introduced fresh inflation
model for super Hubble scales. I find that the state loses its coherence at the
end of the fresh inflationary period as a consequence of the damping of the
interference function in the reduced density matrix. This fact should be a
consequence of a) the relative evolutions of both the scale factor and the
horizon and b) the additional thermal and dissipative effects. This implies a
relevant difference with respect to supercooled inflationary scenarios which
require a very rapid expansion of the scale factor to give the decoherence of
super Hubble fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2422 </DOCNO>
Baxter's T-Q Relation and Bethe Ansatz of Discrete Quantum Pendulum and


  Using the Baxter's T-Q relation derived from the transfer matrix technique,
we consider the diagonalization problem of discrete quantum pendulum and
discrete quantum sine-Gordon Hamiltonian from the algebraic geometry aspect.
For a finite chain system of the size L, when the spectral curve degenerates
into rational curves, we have reduced the Baxter's T-Q relation into a
polynomial equation; the connection of T-Q polynomial equation with the
algebraic Bethe Ansatz is clearly established . In particular, for L=4 it is
the case of rational spectral curves for the discrete quantum pendulum and
discrete sine-Gordon model. To these Baxter's T-Q polynomial equations, we have
obtained the complete and explicit solutions with a detailed understinding of
the quantitative and qualitative structure of solutions. In general the model
possesses a spectral curve with a generic parameter, we have conducted certain
qualitative study on the algebraic geometry of this high genus Riemann surface
incorporating the Baxter's T-Q relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72674 </DOCNO>
The Dilaton Potential from N= 1*


  Recent understanding of {\cal N}=1* supersymmetric theory (mass deformed
{\cal N}=4) has made it possible to find an exact superpotential which encodes
the properties of the different phases of the theory. We consider this
superpotential as an illustrative example for the source of a nontrivial scalar
potential for the string theory dilaton and study its properties. The
superpotential is characterized by the rank of the corresponding gauge group
(N) and integers p,q,k labelling the different massive phases of the theory.
For generic values of these parameters, we find the expected runaway behaviour
of the potential to vanishing string coupling. But there are also
supersymmetric minima at weak coupling stabilizing the dilaton field. An
interesting property of this potential is that there is a proliferation of
supersymmetric vacua in the confining phases, with the number of vacua
increasing with N and leading to a kind of staircase potential. For a range of
parameters, it is possible to obtain realistic values for the gauge coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168102 </DOCNO>
Quantum Liouville-space trajectories for dissipative systems


  In this paper we present a new quantum-trajectory based treatment of quantum
dynamics suitable for dissipative systems. Starting from a de Broglie/Bohm-like
representation of the quantum density matrix, we derive and define quantum
equations-of-motion for Liouville-space trajectories for a generalized system
coupled to a dissipative environment. Our theory includes a vector potential
which mixes forward and backwards propagating components and non-local quantum
potential which continuously produces coherences in the system. These
trajectories are then used to propagate an adaptive Lagrangian grid which
carries the density matrix, $\rho(x,y)$, and the action, $A(x,y)$, thereby
providing a complete hydrodynamic-like description of the dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126927 </DOCNO>
A Remarkable Three Hour Thermonuclear Burst From 4U 1820-30


  We present a detailed observational and theoretical study of a ~3 hr long
X-ray burst (the ``super burst'') observed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
(RXTE) from the low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1820-30. This is the longest
X-ray burst ever observed from this source, and perhaps one of the longest ever
observed in great detail from any source. We show that the super burst is
thermonuclear in origin. The level of the accretion driven flux as well as the
total energy release of ~1.5 x 10^{42} ergs indicate that helium could not be
the energy source for the super burst. We outline the physics relevant to
carbon production and burning on helium accreting neutron stars and present
calculations of the thermal evolution and stability of a carbon layer and show
that this process is the most likely explanation for the super burst. We show
that for large columns of accreted carbon fuel, a substantial fraction of the
energy released in the carbon burning layer is radiated away as neutrinos, and
the heat that is conducted from the burning layer in large part flows inward,
only to be released on timescales longer than the observed burst. Thus the
energy released possibly exceeds that observed in X-rays by more than a factor
of ten. Spectral analysis during the super burst reveals the presence of a
broad emission line between 5.8 - 6.4 keV and an edge at 8 - 9 keV likely due
to reflection of the burst flux from the inner accretion disk in 4U 1820-30. We
believe this is the first time such a signature has been unambiguously detected
in the spectrum of an X-ray burst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2034 </DOCNO>
Marginal pinning of vortices at high temperature


  We analyze the competition between thermal fluctuations and pinning of
vortices in bulk type II superconductors subject to point-like disorder and
derive an expression for the temperature dependence of the pinning length
L_c(T) which separates different types of single vortex wandering. Given a
disorder potential with a basic scale \xi and a correlator K_0(u) \sim K_0
(u/xi)^{-\beta} ln^alpha (u/xi) we determine the dependence of L_c(T) on the
correlator range: correlators with \beta > 2 (short-range) and \beta <2
(long-range) lead to the known results L_c(T) \sim L_c(0) exp[C T^3] and L_c(T)
\sim L_c(0) (C T)^{(4+beta)/(2-beta)}, respectively. Using functional
renormalization group we show that for \beta =2 the result takes the
interpolating form L_c(T) \sim L_c(0) exp[C T^{3/(2+alpha)}]. Pinning of
vortices in bulk type II superconductors involves a long-range correlator with
\beta=2, \alpha=1 on intermediate scales \xi<u<\lambda, with \xi and \lambda
the coherence length and London penetration depth, hence L_c(T) \sim L_c(0)
exp[C T]; at large distances L_c(T) crosses over to the usual short-range
behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97320 </DOCNO>
The Manneville map: topological, metric and algorithmic entropy


  We study the Manneville map f(x)=x+x^z (mod 1), with z>1, from a
computational point of view, studying the behaviour of the Algorithmic
Information Content. In particular, we consider a family of piecewise linear
maps that gives examples of algorithmic behaviour ranging from the fully to the
mildly chaotic, and show that the Manneville map is a member of this family.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4363 </DOCNO>
Tunneling current characteristics in bilayer quantum Hall systems


  Weakly disordered bilayer quantum Hall systems at filling factor $\nu=1$ show
spontaneous interlayer phase coherence if the layers are sufficiently close
together. We study the collective modes in the system, the current-voltage
characteristics and their evolution with an in-plane magnetic field in the
phase-coherent regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75431 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative non-locality: $V\pm A$ correlators in euclidean


  Using an OPE modification, which takes non-perturbative non-locality into
account, the difference and sum of vector and axial-vector correlators are
evaluated in euclidean position space. For distances up to 0.8 fm the
calculated behavior is close to the instanton liquid result and the ALEPH data,
in contrast to the implications of the conventional OPE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98806 </DOCNO>
SO(5) structure of p-wave superconductivity for spin-dipole interaction


  A closed SO(5) algebraic structure in the the mean-field form of the
Hamiltonian the pure p-wave superconductivity is found that can help to
diagonalized by making use of the Bogoliubov rotation instead of the
Balian-Werthamer approach. we point out that the eigenstate is nothing but
SO(5)-coherent state with fermionic realization. By applying the approach to
the Hamiltonian with dipole interaction of Leggett the consistency between the
diagonalization and gap equation is proved through the double-time Green
function. The relationship between the s-wave and p-wave superconductivities
turns out to be recognized through Yangian algebra, a new type of
infinite-dimensional algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127939 </DOCNO>
Dwarf galaxies in the Local Group: the VLT perspective


  Recent results on the evolution of Local Group dwarf galaxies obtained from
VLT imaging and spectroscopy are briefly reviewed, and prospects for dwarf
galaxy research at the VLT are discussed in the light of the current and
forthcoming instrumentation. Some aspects of future instrument developments,
such as deep wide-field imaging at both optical and near-infrared wavelengths
that may be of advantage for research on the evolution of dwarf galaxies, are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41725 </DOCNO>
Resonances and Exclusive Channels: an Experimenter's Summary


  A very remarkable number of new results in the study of resonances and
exclusive channels has been presented at this conference giving fundamental
information in the understanding of strong interactions at low energies. The
first results from the new high luminosity colliders are impressive and a lot
of activity in this field is foreseen for the future. The most relevant issues
are summarized and discussed in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86199 </DOCNO>
Scalar perturbations in a primordial inflationary scenario


  We compute the spectral index for scalar perturbations generated in a
primordial inflationary model. In this model, the transition of the
inflationary phase to the radiative era is achieved through the decay of the
cosmological term leading a second order phase transition and the
characteristics of the model allow to implement a set of initial conditions
where the perturbations display a thermal spectrum when they emerge from the
horizon. The obtained value for the spectral index is equal to 2, a result that
depends very weakly on the various parameters of the model and on the initial
conditions used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113544 </DOCNO>
The manipulation of massive ro-vibronic superpositions using


  Molecular ro-vibronic coherences, joint energy-time distributions of quantum
amplitudes, are selectively prepared, manipulated, and imaged in
Time-Frequency-Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (TFRCARS)
measurements using femtosecond laser pulses. The studies are implemented in
iodine vapor, with its thermally occupied statistical ro-vibrational density
serving as initial state. The evolution of the massive ro-vibronic
superpositions, consisting of 1000 eigenstates, is followed through
two-dimensional images. The first- and second-order coherences are captured
using time-integrated frequency-resolved CARS, while the third-order coherence
is captured using time-gated frequency-resolved CARS. The Fourier filtering
provided by time integrated detection projects out single ro-vibronic
transitions, while time-gated detection allows the projection of arbitrary
ro-vibronic superpositions from the coherent third-order polarization. Beside
the control and imaging of chemistry, the controlled manipulation of massive
quantum coherences suggests the possibility of quantum computing. We argue that
the universal logic gates necessary for arbitrary quantum computing - all
single qubit operations and the two-qubit controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate - are
available in time resolved four-wave mixing in a molecule. The molecular
rotational manifold is naturally "wired" for carrying out all single qubit
operations efficiently, and in parallel. We identify vibronic coherences as one
example of a naturally available two-qubit CNOT gate, wherein the vibrational
qubit controls the switching of the targeted electronic qubit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168423 </DOCNO>
Robust and Fragile Entanglement of Three Qubits: Relation to Permutation


  Entanglement properties of a basic set of eight entangled three particle pure
states possessing certain permutation symmetries are studied. They fall into
four sets of two entangled states, differing in their patterns of robustness to
entanglement when one of the states is lost. These features are related to the
permutation symmetries of the spin states of the three particles and their
corresponding marginal two-particle states. It is interesting to note that the
eight entangled three-qubit states discussed here are eigenstates of a
three-spin Heisenberg Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97664 </DOCNO>
Abelian surfaces with anti-holomorphic multiplication


  For appropriate $N\ge 3$ and $d<0,$ the moduli space of principally polarized
abelian surfaces with level $N$ structure and anti-holomorphic multiplication
by $\mathcal O_d$ (the ring of integers in $\mathbb Q(\sqrt{d})$) is shown to
consist of the real points of a quasi-projective algebraic variety defined over
$\mathbb Q$, and to coincide with finitely many copies of the quotient of
hyperbolic 3-space by the principal congruence subgroup of level $N$ in
$\mathbf{SL}(2, \mathcal O_d).$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1329 </DOCNO>
Dissipation in Dynamics of a Moving Contact Line


  The dynamics of the deformations of a moving contact line is studied assuming
two different dissipation mechanisms. It is shown that the characteristic
relaxation time for a deformation of wavelength $2\pi/|k|$ of a contact line
moving with velocity $v$ is given as $\tau^{-1}(k)=c(v) |k|$. The velocity
dependence of $c(v)$ is shown to drastically depend on the dissipation
mechanism: we find $c(v)=c(v=0)-2 v$ for the case when the dynamics is governed
by microscopic jumps of single molecules at the tip (Blake mechanism), and
$c(v)\simeq c(v=0)-4 v$ when viscous hydrodynamic losses inside the moving
liquid wedge dominate (de Gennes mechanism). We thus suggest that the debated
dominant dissipation mechanism can be experimentally determined using
relaxation measurements similar to the Ondarcuhu-Veyssie experiment [T.
Ondarcuhu and M. Veyssie, Nature {\bf 352}, 418 (1991)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73788 </DOCNO>
A Connection Between The Perturbative QCD Potential and Phenomenological


  When the cancellation of the leading renormalon contributions is
incorporated, the total energy of a b bbar system, E_{tot,bbbar}(r) = 2
m_{pole,b} + V_QCD(r), agrees well with the potentials used in phenomenological
models for heavy quarkonia in the range 0.5 GeV^-1 < r < 3 GeV^-1. We provide a
connection between the conventional potential-model approaches to the
quarkonium spectroscopy and the recent computation based on perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83843 </DOCNO>
Price Increases from Online Privacy


  Consumers value keeping some information about them private from potential
marketers. E-commerce dramatically increases the potential for marketers to
accumulate otherwise private information about potential customers. Online
marketers claim that this information enables them to better market their
products. Policy makers are currently drafting rules to regulate the way in
which these marketers can collect, store, and share this information. However,
there is little evidence yet either of consumers' valuation of their privacy or
of the benefits they might reap through better target marketing. We provide a
framework for measuring a portion of the benefits from allowing marketers to
make better use of consumer information. Target marketing is likely to reduce
consumer search costs, improve consumer product selection decisions, and lower
the marketing costs of goods sold. Our model allows us to estimate the value to
consumers of only the latter, price reductions from more efficient marketing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125565 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Source SLX 1732-304 in the Globular Cluster Terzan 1: The


  The results of ART-P/Granat observations of the X-ray burster SLX1732-304 in
the globular cluster Terzan 1 are presented. The X-ray (3-20 keV) fluxes from
the source differed by more than a factor of 4 during the observing sessions on
September 8 ($F_{\rm X}\simeq6.95\times10^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) and
October 6, 1990 ($F_{\rm X}\simeq1.64\times10^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$).
The intensity variations of SLX1732-304 were apparently accompanied by
variations in its hardness: whereas the source in its high state had the
spectrum with a distinct exponential cutoff typical of bright low-mass X-ray
binaries, its low-state spectrum could be satisfactorily described by a simple
power law with a photon index $\alpha\simeq1.7$. During the ART-P observation
on September 8, a type I X-ray burst was detected from SLX1732-304.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41606 </DOCNO>
Higgs Searches at LEP and at the Tevatron


  After years of efforts to push the LEP performance to, and indeed beyond, the
limits of what had been believed possible, hints of signal of a Higgs boson at
115GeV/c2 appeared in June 2000, were confirmed in September, and confirmed
again in November. Spending an additional six-month period with LEP would have
given the unambiguous opportunity of a fundamental discovery. Instead, this
possibilty was handed over to the Tevatron, for which at least si more years
will be needed to confirm the existence of a Higgs boson around 115GeV/c2. The
upgrades performed at LEP and needed at the Tevatron, together with the physics
outcomes, are briefly mentioned in turn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125190 </DOCNO>
Warm and Hot Diffuse Gas in Dwarf Galaxies


  Dwarf galaxies provide a special environment due to their low mass, small
size and generally low metal content. These attributes make them perfect
laboratories for the interaction of massive stars with the interstellar medium
on small and especially large spatial scales. The natural result of the
spatially concentrated energy output from stellar winds and supernovae of an OB
association is an expanding bubble. These bubbles can grow to kpc-size and
become the dominant driver of the chemical and dynamical evolution of dwarf
galaxies. In such low mass systems, bubbles have an enhanced probability of
breaking out of the gaseous disk into the halo of the host galaxy. This may
lead to venting metal enriched hot gas to large distances from the sites of
creation. In this work I review the current observational material on hot gas
inside bubbles, blow-outs, and hot halos of dwarf galaxies and discuss several
conclusions which can be drawn from the observations. I will also present an
analysis of the dwarf galaxy NGC 1705 as a case study, highlighting
observational methods and problems with the current data. Finally I will
comment on some areas where large progress should be possible in the near
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128383 </DOCNO>
Reddening, Emission-Line, and Intrinsic Absorption Properties in the


  We use Hubble Space Telescope UV and optical spectra of the narrow-line
Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxy Akn 564 to investigate its internal reddening and
properties of its emission-line and intrinsic UV absorption gas. We find that
the extinction curve of Akn 564, derived from a comparison of its UV/optical
continuum to that of an unreddened NLS1, lacks a 2200 A bump and turns up
towards the UV at a longer wavelength (4000 A) than the standard Galactic, LMC,
and SMC curves. However, it does not show the extremely steep rise to 1200 A
that characterizes the extinction curve of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3227. The
emission-lines and continuum experience the same amount of reddening,
indicating the presence of a dust screen that is external to the narrow-line
region (NLR). Echelle spectra from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph
show intrinsic UV absorption lines due to Ly-alpha, N V, C IV, Si IV, and Si
III, centered at a radial velocity of -190 km/s (relative to the host galaxy).
Photoionization models of the UV absorber indicate that it has a sufficient
columnand is at a sufficient distance from the nucleus (D > 95 pc) to be the
source of the dust screen. Thus, Akn 564 contains a dusty ``lukewarm absorber''
similar to that seen in NGC 3227.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7447 </DOCNO>
Heterogeneous aging in spin glasses


  Nonequilibrium dynamics provides a window to explore the complex collective
behaviour found in glasses. We introduce a theoretical framework capable of
describing heterogeneous nonequilibrium dynamics in glassy systems, and test
its predictions by comparison with numerical simulations of short-range spin
glasses. Local fluctuations and local responses are shown to be connected by a
generalized local out of equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation. Scaling
relationships are uncovered for the slow evolution of heterogeneities at all
time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97246 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical Calculations of Wigner Functions in Nonlinear Beam


  We present the application of variational-wavelet analysis to
numerical/analytical calculations of Wigner functions in (nonlinear)
quasiclassical beam dynamics problems. (Naive) deformation quantization and
multiresolution representations are the key points. We construct the
representation via multiscale expansions in generalized coherent states or
high-localized nonlinear eigenmodes in the base of compactly supported wavelets
and wavelet packets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149832 </DOCNO>
D-branes in String theory Melvin backgrounds


  We determine the consistent D-brane configurations in type II
nonsupersymmetric Melvin Background. The D-branes are analysed from three
complementary points of view: the effective Born-Infeld action, the open string
partition function and the boundary state approach. We show the agreement of
the results obtained by the three different approaches. Among the surprising
features is the existence of supersymmetric branes, some of them having a
quasi-periodic direction. We also discuss the generalisation to backgrounds
with several magnetic fields, some of them preserving in the closed and the
open spectra some amount of supersymmetry. The case of rational magnetic flux,
equivalent to freely-acting noncompact orbifolds, is also studied. It allows
more possibilities of consistent D-brane configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99058 </DOCNO>
On the Differential Geometry of $GL_q(1| 1)$


  The differential calculus on the quantum supergroup GL$_q(1| 1)$ was
introduced by Schmidke {\it et al}. (1990 {\it Z. Phys. C} {\bf 48} 249). We
construct a differential calculus on the quantum supergroup GL$_q(1| 1)$ in a
different way and we obtain its quantum superalgebra. The main structures are
derived without an R-matrix. It is seen that the found results can be written
with help of a matrix $\hat{R}$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125979 </DOCNO>
A Comprehensive Study of Neutron Star Retention in Globular Clusters


  (abridged) Observations of very high speeds among pulsars in the Galactic
disk present a puzzle regarding neutron stars in globular clusters. The
inferred characteristic speed of single pulsars in the Galaxy is $\sim 5-10$
times as large as the central escape speed from the most massive globular
clusters. It is then reasonable to ask why any pulsars are seen in globular
clusters, whereas, in fact, quite a large number have been detected and as many
as $\sim 1000$ are thought to be present in some of the richest clusters.
  We use a Monte Carlo approach to generate a population of massive primordial
binaries. If we utilize the convention assumptions regarding mass transfer and
neutron star kicks, we find that < 5% of the neutron stars initially formed in
a massive cluster can be retained. We suggest that this fraction is too low to
account for what is observed, and we speculate on possible alternative
solutions to the retention problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124755 </DOCNO>
Radiation Front Sweeping the Ambient Medium of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are emitted by relativistic ejecta from powerful
cosmic explosions. Their light curves suggest that the gamma-ray emission
occurs at early stages of the ejecta expansion, well before it decelerates in
the ambient medium. If so, the launched gamma-ray front must overtake the
ejecta and sweep the ambient medium outward. As a result a gap is opened
between the ejecta and the medium that surfs the radiation front ahead.
Effectively, the ejecta moves in a cavity until it reaches a radius
R_{gap}=10^{16}E_{54}^{1/2} cm where E is the isotropic energy of the GRB. At
R=R_{gap} the gap is closed, a blast wave forms and collects the medium swept
by radiation. Further development of the blast wave is strongly affected by the
leading radiation front: the front plays the role of a precursor where the
medium is loaded with e+- pairs and preaccelerated just ahead of the blast. It
impacts the emission from the blast at R < R_{load}=5R_{gap} (the early
afterglow). A spectacular observational effect results: GRB afterglows should
start in optical/UV and evolve fast (< min) to a normal X-ray afterglow. The
early optical emission observed in GRB 990123 may be explained in this way. The
impact of the front is especially strong if the ambient medium is a wind from a
massive progenitor of the GRB. In this case three phenomena are predicted: (1)
The ejecta decelerates at R<R_{load} producing a lot of soft radiation. (2) The
light curve of soft emission peaks at
t_{peak}=40(1+z)E_{54}^{1/2}(Gamma_{ej}/100)^{-2} s where Gamma_{ej} is the
Lorentz factor of the ejecta. Given measured redshift z and t_{peak}, one finds
Gamma_{ej}. (3) The GRB acquires a spectral break at 5 - 50 MeV because harder
photons are absorbed by radiation scattered in the wind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95476 </DOCNO>
Sequentially Cohen-Macaulay modules and local cohomology


  The main result of the paper states that for a graded ideal I in a polynomial
ring R over a field of characteristic 0, the Hilbert functions of the local
cohomology modules of R/I and of R/Gin(I) coincide if and only if R/I is
sequentially Cohen-Macaulay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83521 </DOCNO>
Assertion checker for the C programming language based on computations


  This paper suggests an approach to the development of software testing and
debugging automation tools based on precise program behavior models. The
program behavior model is defined as a set of events (event trace) with two
basic binary relations over events -- precedence and inclusion, and represents
the temporal relationship between actions. A language for the computations over
event traces is developed that provides a basis for assertion checking,
debugging queries, execution profiles, and performance measurements. The
approach is nondestructive, since assertion texts are separated from the target
program source code and can be maintained independently. Assertions can capture
the dynamic properties of a particular target program and can formalize the
general knowledge of typical bugs and debugging strategies. An event grammar
provides a sound basis for assertion language implementation via target program
automatic instrumentation. An implementation architecture and preliminary
experiments with a prototype assertion checker for the C programming language
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 177 </DOCNO>
Heated granular fluids: the random restitution coefficient approach


  We introduce the model of inelastic hard spheres with random restitution
coefficient $\alpha$, in order to account for the fact that, in a vertically
shaken granular system interacting elastically with the vibrating boundary, the
energy injected vertically is transferred to the horizontal degrees of freedom
through collisions only, which leads to heating through collisions, i.e. to
inelastic horizontal collisions with an effective restitution coefficient that
can be larger than 1. This allows the system to reach a non-equilibrium steady
state, where we focus in particular on the single particle velocity
distribution $f(v)$ in the horizontal plane, and on its deviation from a
Maxwellian. Molecular Dynamics simulations and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo
(DSMC) show that, depending on the distribution of $\alpha$, different shapes
of $f(v)$ can be obtained, with very different high energy tails. Moreover, the
fourth cumulant of the velocity distribution quantifying the deviations from
Gaussian statistics is obtained analytically from the Boltzmann equation and
successfully tested against the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97523 </DOCNO>
Random walks and random fixed-point free involutions


  A bijection is given between fixed point free involutions of $\{1,2,...,2N\}$
with maximum decreasing subsequence size $2p$ and two classes of vicious
(non-intersecting) random walker configurations confined to the half line
lattice points $l \ge 1$. In one class of walker configurations the maximum
displacement of the right most walker is $p$. Because the scaled distribution
of the maximum decreasing subsequence size is known to be in the soft edge GOE
(random real symmetric matrices) universality class, the same holds true for
the scaled distribution of the maximum displacement of the right most walker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97621 </DOCNO>
An Algebraic Formulation of Quantum Decoherence


  An algebraic formalism for quantum decoherence in systems with continuous
evolution spectrum is introduced. A certain subalgebra, dense in the
characteristic algebra of the system, is defined in such a way that
Riemann-Lebesgue theorem can be used to explain decoherence in a well defined
final pointer basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87149 </DOCNO>
Refringence, field theory, and normal modes


  In a previous paper [gr-qc/0104001; Class. Quant. Grav. 18 (2001) 3595-3610]
we have shown that the occurrence of curved spacetime ``effective Lorentzian
geometries'' is a generic result of linearizing an arbitrary classical field
theory around some non-trivial background configuration. This observation
explains the ubiquitous nature of the ``analog models'' for general relativity
that have recently been developed based on condensed matter physics. In the
simple (single scalar field) situation analyzed in our previous paper, there is
a single unique effective metric; more complicated situations can lead to
bi-metric and multi-metric theories. In the present paper we will investigate
the conditions required to keep the situation under control and compatible with
experiment -- either by enforcing a unique effective metric (as would be
required to be strictly compatible with the Einstein Equivalence Principle), or
at the worst by arranging things so that there are multiple metrics that are
all ``close'' to each other (in order to be compatible with the {\Eotvos}
experiment). The algebraically most general situation leads to a physical model
whose mathematical description requires an extension of the usual notion of
Finsler geometry to a Lorentzian-signature pseudo-Finsler geometry; while this
is possibly of some interest in its own right, this particular case does not
seem to be immediately relevant for either particle physics or gravitation. The
key result is that wide classes of theories lend themselves to an effective
metric description. This observation provides further evidence that the notion
of ``analog gravity'' is rather generic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148168 </DOCNO>
On the mixed symmetry irreducible representations of the Poincare group


  The lagrangian description of irreducible massless representations of the
Poincare group with the corresponding Young tableaux having two rows along with
some explicit examples including the notoph and Weyl tensor is given. For this
purpose is used the method of the BRST constructions adopted to the systems of
second class constraints by the construction of an auxiliary representations of
the algebras of constraints in terms of Verma modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150131 </DOCNO>
Mirror Symmetry and Landau Ginzburg Calabi-Yau Superpotentials in


  We study Landau Ginzburg (LG) theories mirror to 2D N=2 gauged linear sigma
models on toric Calabi-Yau manifolds. We derive and solve new constraint
equations for Landau Ginzburg elliptic Calabi-Yau superpotentials, depending on
the physical data of dual linear sigma models. In Calabi-Yau threefolds case,
we consider two examples. First, we give the mirror symmetry of the canonical
line bundle over the Hirzebruch surfaces $\bf F_n$. Second, we find a special
geometry with the affine so(8) Lie algebra toric data extending the geometry of
elliptically fibered K3. This geometry leads to a pure N=1 six dimensional
SO(8) gauge model from the F-theory compactification. For Calabi-Yau fourfolds,
we give a new algebraic realization for ADE hypersurfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6330 </DOCNO>
Dynamically turning off interactions in a two component condensate


  We propose a mechanism to change the interaction strengths of a two component
condensate. It is shown that the application of pi/2 pulses allows to alter the
effective interspecies interaction strength as well as the effective
interaction strength between particles of the same kind. This mechanism
provides a simple method to transform spatially stable condensates into
unstable once and vice versa. It also provides a means to store a squeezed spin
state by turning off the interaction for the internal states and thus allows to
gain control over many body entangled states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96859 </DOCNO>
A counterexample to a conjecture of Akemann and Anderson


  Akemann and Anderson made a conjecture about ``paving'' projections in finite
dimensional matrix algebras which, if true, would settle the well-known
Kadison-Singer problem. We falsify their conjecture by an explicit seqence of
counterexamples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174816 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Recoil Measurement in CsI(Tl) Crystal for Cold Dark Matter


  There are recent interests with CsI(Tl) scintillating crystals for Dark
Matter experiments. The scattering signatures by neutrons on a CsI(Tl) detector
were studied using a neutron beam generated by a 13 MV Tandem accelerator. The
energy spectra of nuclear recoils from 7 keV to 132 keV were measured, and
their quenching factors for scintillating light yield were derived. The data
represents the first confirmation of the Optical Model predictions on neutron
elastic scatterings with a direct measurement on the nuclear recoils of heavy
nuclei. The pulse shape discrimination techniques to differentiate nuclear
recoils from $\gamma$-background were studied. Internal consistencies were
obtained among the different methods of light yield measurements. The projected
capabilities for Cold Dark Matter searches with CsI(Tl) crystals are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4897 </DOCNO>
Spin and charge order in Mott insulators and d-wave superconductors


  We argue that aspects of the anomalous, low temperature, spin and charge
dynamics of the high temperature superconductors can be understood by studying
the corresponding physics of undoped Mott insulators. Such insulators display a
quantum transition from a magnetically ordered Neel state to a confining
paramagnet with a spin gap; the latter state has bond-centered charge order, a
low energy S=1 spin exciton, confinement of S=1/2 spinons, and a free S=1/2
moment near non-magnetic impurities. We discuss how these characteristics, and
the quantum phase transitions, evolve upon doping the insulator into a d-wave
superconductor. This theoretical framework was used to make a number of
predictions for STM measurements and for the phase diagram of the doped Mott
insulator in an applied magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124688 </DOCNO>
A New Method to Measure and Map the Gas Scale-Height of Disk Galaxies


  We propose a new method to measure and map the gas scale height of nearby
disk galaxies. This method is applied successfully to the Australia Telescope
Compact Array interferometric HI survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC); it
could also be applied to a significant number of nearby disk galaxies, thanks
to the next generation of interferometric facilities, such as the extended VLA
and CARMA.
   The method consists of computing the Spectral Correlation Function (SCF) for
a spectral-line map of a face-on galaxy. The SCF quantifies the correlation
between spectra at different map positions as a function of their separation,
and is sensitive to the properties of both the gas mass distribution and the
gas velocity field. It is likely that spatial correlation properties of the gas
density and velocity fields in a galactic disk are sensitive to the value of
the scale height of the gas disk. A scale-free turbulent cascade is unlikely to
extend to scales much larger than the disk scale height, as the disk dynamics
on those larger scales should be dominated by two dimensional motions.
   We find a clear feature in the SCF of the LMC HI disk, on the scale of
approximately 180 pc, which we identify as the disk scale height. We are also
tentatively able to map variations of the scale height over the disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127742 </DOCNO>
Deep ROSAT-HRI observations of the NGC 1399/NGC 1404 region: morphology


  We present the analysis of a deep (167 ks) ROSAT HRI observation of the cD
galaxy NGC 1399 in the Fornax cluster. Using both HRI and, at larger radii,
archival PSPC data, we find that the radial behavior of the X-ray surface
brightness profile is not consistent with a simple Beta model and suggests
instead three distinct components. We use a multi-component bidimensional model
to study in detail these three components that we identify respectively with
the cooling flow region, the galactic and the cluster halo. From these data we
derive a binding mass distribution in agreement with that suggested by optical
dynamical indicators, with an inner core dominated by luminous matter and an
extended dark halo differently distributed on galactic and cluster scales. The
HRI data and a preliminary analysis of Chandra public data, allow us to detect
significant density fluctuations in the halo. We discuss possible
non-equilibrium scenarios to explain the hot halo structure, including tidal
interactions with neighboring galaxies, ram stripping from the intra-cluster
medium and merging events. In the innermost region of NGC 1399, the comparison
between the X-ray and radio emission suggests that the radio emitting plasma is
displacing and producing shocks in the hot X-ray emitting gas. We found that
the NGC 1404 halo is well represented by a single symmetric Beta model and
follows the stellar light profile within the inner 8 kpc. The mass distribution
is similar to the `central' component of the NGC 1399 halo. At larger radii ram
pressure stripping from the intra-cluster medium produces strong asymmetries in
the gas distribution. Finally we discuss the properties of the point source
population finding evidence of correlation between the source excess and NGC
1399.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86910 </DOCNO>
Spherical Universes with Anisotropic Pressure


  Einstein's equations are solved for spherically symmetric universes composed
of dust with tangential pressure provided by angular momentum, L(R), which
differs from shell to shell. The metric is given in terms of the shell label,
R, and the proper time, tau, experienced by the dust particles. The general
solution contains four arbitrary functions of R - M(R), L(R), E(R) and r(0,R).
The solution is described by quadratures, which are in general elliptic
integrals. It provides a generalization of the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solution.
We present a discussion of the types of solution, and some examples. The
relationship to Einstein clusters and the significance for gravitational
collapse is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2526 </DOCNO>
Non-additivity of Tsallis entropies and fluctuations of temperature


  We show that the non-additivity relation of the Tsallis entropies in
nonextensive statistical mechanics has a simple physical interpretation for
systems with fluctuating temperature or fluctuating energy dissipation rate. We
also show that there is a distinguished dependence of the entropic index q on
the spatial scale that makes the Tsallis entropies quasi-additive.
Quasi-additivity implies that q is a strictly monotonously decreasing function
of the spatial scale r, as indeed observed in various experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126111 </DOCNO>
Molecular gas and dust in NGC4550: A galaxy with two counterrotating


  We report the detection of 1 10^7 M_sun of molecular gas in the central
region of the S0/E7 galaxy NGC4550, inferred from observations of CO(1-0)
emission. Dust is detected in HST WFPC2 images and found to be asymmetrically
distributed around the nucleus, only extending to a galactocentric distance of
7'' (600 pc). The shape of the CO emission profile is consistent with a
molecular gas distribution following the dust. The distribution of the dust and
gas in the center could be the result of an m=1 instability, which is the
fastest growing unstable mode in counterrotating stellar disks. On a global
scale the molecular gas in NGC4550 is stable against gravitational collapse but
nevertheless star formation appears to be ongoing with normal star formation
efficiency and gas consumption time scales. The stellar velocity dispersion in
NGC4550 resembles that of elliptical galaxies. It is therefore likely that a
hot X-ray emitting plasma limits the lifetime of the molecular gas, that must
arise from a recent (<1 Gyr) accretion event.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6271 </DOCNO>
Direct observation of the charging of a 2D electron gas through an


  Using charge accumulation imaging, we measure the charge flow across an
incompressible strip and follow its evolution with magnetic field. The strip
runs parallel to the edge of a gate deposited on the sample and forms at
positions where an exact number of integer Landau levels is filled. An RC model
of charging fits the data well and enables us to determine the longitudinal
resistance of the strip. Surprisingly, we find that the strip becomes more
resistive as its width decreases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95897 </DOCNO>
A theorem on eigenvectors in idempotent spaces


  This paper suggests an algebraic version of the theorem on the existence of
eigenvectors for linear operators in abstract idempotent spaces. Earlier, the
theorem on the existence of eigenvectors was only known for the cases of a free
finite-dimensional semimodule and for compact operators in semimodules of real
continuous functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86945 </DOCNO>
Network sensitivity to geographical configuration


  Gravitational wave astronomy will require the coordinated analysis of data
from the global network of gravitational wave observatories. Questions of how
to optimally configure the global network arise in this context. We have
elsewhere proposed a formalism which is employed here to compare different
configurations of the network, using both the coincident network analysis
method and the coherent network analysis method. We have constructed a network
model to compute a figure-of-merit based on the detection rate for a population
of standard-candle binary inspirals. We find that this measure of network
quality is very sensitive to the geographic location of component detectors
under a coincident network analysis, but comparatively insensitive under a
coherent network analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 444 </DOCNO>
Observation of Andreev Surface Bound States in the 3-K phase Region of


  The tunneling spectrum of the superconducting phase with T_c ~ 3.0 K has been
measured in the Ru-embedded region of Sr_2RuO_4 using cleaved junctions. A
sharp zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP) has been observed below 3 K. All
characteristics of this ZBCP suggest that it originates from Andreev surface
bound states, indicating that the pairing in the 3-K phase is also non-s-wave.
Below the bulk T_c of Sr_2RuO_4 (~1.5 K), a bell-shaped ZBCP was found. This
supports that there is a phase transition in the 3-K phase region near the bulk
T_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129342 </DOCNO>
15 Years Going Steady - Timing the Magnetar 1E 1841-045


  We report on a long-term monitoring campaign of 1E 1841-045, the 12-s
anomalous X-ray pulsar and magnetar candidate at the center of the supernova
remnant Kes 73. We have obtained approximately monthly observations of the
pulsar with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer spanning over two years, during
which time 1E 1841-045 is found to be rotating with sufficient stability to
derive a phase-connected timing solution. A linear ephemeris is consistent with
observations of the pulse period made over the last 15 yrs with the Ginga,
ASCA, XTE, & SAX observatories. Phase residuals suggest the presence of "timing
noise", as is typically observed from young radio pulsars. These results
confirm a rapid, constant spin-down for the pulsar, which continues to maintain
a steady flux; this is inconsistent with most accretion scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86415 </DOCNO>
Viscous Cosmologies with Extra Dimensions


  We present an analysis of a n-dimensional vacuum Einstein field equations in
which 4-dimensional space-time which is described by a Friedmann
Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric and that of the extra dimensions by a Kasner type
Euclidean metric. The field equations are interpreted as four dimensional
Einstein equations with effective matter properties. We obtain solutions for
the cases when the effective matter is described by imperfect fluid. We
consider the theories of imperfect fluid given by Eckart, truncated
Israel-Stewart and full Israel-Stewart theories and obtain cosmological
solutions for a flat model of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114453 </DOCNO>
On Perfect Lenses and Nihility


  The canonical problem of a perfect lens with linear bianisotropic materials
is formulated. Its solution is shown to be directly connected with the concept
of nihility, the electromagnetic nilpotent. Perfect lenses as well as nihility
remain unrealizable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77079 </DOCNO>
Chiral Phase Transitions in QCD at Finite Temperature: Hard-Thermal-Loop


  Chiral phase transition in thermal QCD is studied by using the
Dyson-Schwinger (DS) equation in the real time hard thermal loop approximation.
Our results on the critical temperature and the critical coupling are
significantly different from those in the preceding analyses in the ladder DS
equation, showing the importance of properly taking into account the essential
thermal effects, namely the Landau damping and the unstable nature of thermal
quasiparticles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5776 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo simulation of electromigration phenomena in metallic lines


  The electromigration (EM) of metallic lines is studied in terms of
competition between two percolative processes taking place in a random resistor
network. The effects associated with the transport of mass and with the
consequent growth of the internal stress are accounted for by stochastic
generation and recovery of voids, driven by the external current. Monte Carlo
simulations enable us to investigate within a unified theoretical framework a
variety of relevant aspects of EM degradation as: damage patterns, the
distribution of the time to failures, early stage resistance change in the
presence of compositional effects, Black's law, geometrical effects, etc. A
general agreement is found with the experimental findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 157 </DOCNO>
Depairing currents in the superconductor/ferromagnet proximity system


  We have investigated the behaviour of the depairing current J_{dp} in
ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet (F/S/F) trilayers as function of the
thickness d_s of the superconducting layers. Theoretically, J_{dp} depends on
the superconducting order parameter or the pair density function, which is not
homogeneous across the film due to the proximity effect. We use a proximity
effect model with two parameters (proximity strength and interface
transparency), which can also describe the dependence of the superconducting
transition temperature T_c on d_s. We compare the computations with the
experimentally determined zero-field critical current J_{c0} of small strips
(typically 5~ \mu m wide) of Fe/Nb/Fe trilayers with varying thickness d_{Nb}
of the Nb layer. Near T_c the temperature dependence J_{c0}(T) is in good
agreement with the expected behaviour, which allows extrapolation to T = 0.
Both the absolute values of J_{c0}(0) and the dependence on d_{Nb} agree with
the expectations for the depairing current. We conclude that J_{dp} is
correctly determined, notwithstanding the fact that the strip width is larger
than both the superconducting penetration depth and the superconducting
coherence length, and that J_{dp}(d_s) is correctly described by the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81143 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Chiral Gauge Theories on the Lattice with Manifest


  We show that noncommutative U(r) gauge theories with a chiral fermion in the
adjoint representation can be constructed on the lattice with manifest
star-gauge invariance in arbitrary even dimensions. Chiral fermions are
implemented using a Dirac operator which satisfies the Ginsparg-Wilson
relation. A gauge-invariant integration measure for the fermion fields can be
given explicitly, which simplifies the construction as compared with lattice
chiral gauge theories in ordinary (commutative) space-time. Our construction
includes the cases where continuum calculations yield a gauge anomaly. This
reveals a certain regularization dependence, which is reminiscent of parity
anomaly in commutative space-time with odd dimensions. We speculate that the
gauge anomaly obtained in the continuum calculations in the present cases can
be cancelled by an appropriate counterterm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75600 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing Kaluza-Klein Resonances From a $Z'$ in Drell-Yan


  We explore the capability of the LHC to distinguish the production of
Kaluza-Klein(KK) excitations in Drell-Yan collisions from an ordinary $Z'$ at
the LHC in the case of one extra dimension with the fermions localized at the
orbifold fixed points. In particular, we demonstrate that this capability is
dependent on both the mass of the KK state as well as whether or not the quarks
and leptons lie at the same fixed points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81365 </DOCNO>
Quenched Results for Light Quark Physics with Overlap Fermions


  We present results of a quenched QCD simulation with overlap fermions on a
lattice of volume V = 16^3X32 at beta=6.0, which corresponds approximatively to
a lattice cutoff of 2 GeV and an extension of 1.4 fm. From the two-point
correlation functions of bilinear operators we extract the pseudoscalar meson
masses and the corresponding decay constants. From the GMOR relation we
determine the chiral condensate and, by using the K-meson mass as experimental
input, we compute the sum of the strange and average up-down quark masses (m_s
+ \hat m). The needed logarithmic divergent renormalization constant Z_S is
computed with the RI/MOM non-perturbative renormalization technique. Since the
overlap preserves chiral symmetry at finite cutoff and volume, no divergent
quark mass and chiral condensate additive renormalizations are required and the
results are O(a) improved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75839 </DOCNO>
Higgsino and Wino Dark Matter from Q-ball Decay in Affleck-Dine


  We claim that the Higgsino-like and wino-like neutralinos can be good dark
matter candidates if they are produced by the late time decay of Q-ball, which
is generally formed in Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. The late time decays of the
Q-balls into these LSP's and subsequent pair annihilations of the LSP's
naturally lead to the desired mass density of dark matter. Furthermore, these
dark matter can be much more easily detected by the dark-matter search
experiments than the standard bino-like dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 505 </DOCNO>
The Three - Dimensional Z_2 Electrodynamics and the Two - Dimensional


  The correlation functions are calculated for the three - dimensional Z_2
electrodynamics for the particular values of the ineraction energies and for
the free boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169359 </DOCNO>
The Parallel Principle


  Von Neumann's psycho-physical parallelism requires the existence of an
interaction between subjective experiences and material systems. A hypothesis
is proposed that amends physics in a way that connects subjective states with
physical states, and a general model of the interaction is provided. A specific
example shows how the theory applies to pain consciousness. The implications
concerning quantum mechanical state creation and reduction are discussed, and
some mechanisms are suggested to seed the process. An experiment that tests the
hypothesis is described elsewhere. Key Words: von Neumann, psycho-physical,
consciousness, state reduction, state collapse, macroscopic superpositions,
conscious observer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113786 </DOCNO>
On the Doublet Formation in the Flocculation Process of the Yeast Cells


  The combination of single cells to form doublets is regarded as the
rate-limiting step of flocculation and requires the presence of surface
proteins in active form. The process of activation of the flocculation proteins
of yeast cells is described in the frame of the autocrine interaction regime
(Cantrell, D. A. and Smith, K. A., 1984, Science 224, 1312-1316). The influence
of several effectors (the cell efficiency to use sugars, the calcium content in
the external medium and the probability that free cells collide each other
under thermal motion conditions) on the initial rate of flocculation and on the
fraction of remaining free cells in the steady state is briefly discussed in
the paper. The present model offers an useful tool for further quantitative
investigations in this topic. Also, it indicates qualitatively a way in which
the regulation of flocculation might be controlled at the level of the
expression of cell-surface activation abilities.
  Keywords: flocculation; yeast; autocrine binding; lectin hypothesis

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72994 </DOCNO>
Direct Determination of the CKM Matrix from Decays of W Bosons and Top


  At proposed high energy linear e+e- colliders a large number of W bosons and
top quarks will be produced. We evaluate the potential precision to which the
decay branching ratios into the various quark species can be measured, implying
also the determination of the respective CKM matrix elements. Crucial is the
identification of the individual quark flavours, which can be achieved
independent of QCD models. For transitions involving up quarks the accuracy is
of the same order of magnitude as has been reached in hadron decays. We
estimate that for charm transitions a precision can be reached that is superior
to current and projected traditional kinds of measurements. The t->b
determination will be significantly improved, and for the first time a direct
measurement of the t->s transition can be made. In all cases such a
determination is complementary to the traditional way of extracting the CKM
matrix elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41196 </DOCNO>
Search for Leptoquark Pairs Decaying to nu-nu + jets in P Anti-P


  We present the preliminary results of a search for leptoquark ($LQ$) pairs
using (85.2 $\pm$ 3.7) pb$^{-1}$ of $p{\bar p}$ collider data collected by the
DO experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron from 1994-1996. We observe no evidence
for leptoquark production and set a limit on $\sigma (p{\bar p} \to
LQ\overline{LQ} \to \nu\nu + jets)$ as a function of the mass of the leptoquark
($M_{LQ}$), assuming BR($LQ \to \nu q$)=100%. At the 95% confidence level, we
exclude scalar leptoquarks for $M_{LQ} < 99 GeV/c^2$, and vector leptoquarks
for $M_{LQ} < 178 GeV/c^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76842 </DOCNO>
The reconstructed Big Bang from RHIC data


  The final state of $Au + Au$ collisions at sqrt{s}=130 AGeV at RHIC has been
reconstructed within the framework of the Buda-Lund hydro model, by performing
a simultaneous fit to preliminary PHENIX and STAR data on two-particle
Bose-Einstein correlations and identified single particle spectra. The Hubble
constant of the expanding final state of this heavy ion collision is determined
to be H = <u_t> = 0.77 +- 0.09.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 233 </DOCNO>
Evidence for pseudogap and phase-coherence gap separation by Andreev


  We present new Au/La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} (LSCO) point-contact conductance
measures as a function of voltage and temperature in samples with 0.08 <= x <=
0.2. Andreev reflection features disappear at about the bulk Tc, giving no
evidence of gap for T > Tc. The fit of the normalized conductance at any T < Tc
supports a (s + d)-wave symmetry of the gap, whose dominant low-T s component
follows the Tc(x) curve in contrast with recent angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy and quasiparticle tunneling data. These results prove the
separation between pseudogap and phase-coherence superconducting gap in LSCO at
x <= 0.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85961 </DOCNO>
Interaction of gravitational waves with an elastic solid medium


  Contents. 1. Introduction. 2. Kinematics of a Material Medium: Material
Representation. 3. Kinematics of a Material Medium: Convected Differentials. 4.
Kinematics of a Perfect Elastic Medium. 5. Small Gravitational Perturbations of
an Elastic Medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75385 </DOCNO>
On Electron-Positron Annihilation into Nucleon-Antinucleon Pairs


  We discuss the puzzling experimental results on baryon-antibaryon production
in e+e- annihilation close to the threshold, in particular the fact that
sigma(e+e- --> nbar n) >~ sigma(e+e- --> pbar p). We discuss an interpretation
in terms of a two-step process, via an intermediate coherent isovector state
serving as an intermediary between e+e- and the baryon-antibaryon system. We
provide evidence that the isovector channel dominates both e+e- --> pions and
from Nbar N annihilation at rest, and show that the observed ratio of
sigma(e+e- --> nbar n)/sigma(e+e- --> pbarp p) can be understood quantitatively
in this picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5971 </DOCNO>
An empirical analysis of medium-term interest rates


  In the present paper, an empirical study of LIBOR (London Interbank Offered
Rate) data is presented. In particular, a data set of interest rates from 1997
to 1999, for two different currencies and various maturities, is analyzed. It
turns out that the random behavior of the daily increments for the interest
rates series is non-Gaussian and follows a leptokurtic distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127540 </DOCNO>
Photon Bunching at TeV Energies


  Harwit, Protheroe, and Biermann (1999) recently proposed that Bose-Einstein
photon bunching might significantly affect the interpretation of Cerenkov
counts of TeV gamma photons. Here, we show that a combination of two recent
results of Aharonian et al. (2000) and Aharonian et al. (2001) permits us to
set new, more stringent upper limits of $\lesssim 10%$ on the fractional amount
of photon bunching in the 7-10 TeV radiation from Markarian 501. Potential
bunching at even higher energies should nevertheless continue to be
investigated for this and other TeV sources, since a clear understanding of TeV
energy spectra is required to unambiguously determine the spectral energy
density of the mid-infrared extragalactic background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3615 </DOCNO>
Spin state and phase competition in TbBaCo_{2}O_{5.5} and the lanthanide


  A clear physics picture of TbBaCo$_{2}$O$_{5.5}$ is revealed on the basis of
density functional theory calculations. An antiferromagnetic (AFM)
superexchange coupling between the almost high-spin Co$^{3+}$ ions competes
with a ferromagnetic (FM) interaction mediated by both p-d exchange and double
exchange, being responsible for the observed AFM-FM transition. And the
metal-insulator transition is accompanied by an xy/xz orbital-ordering
transition. Moreover, this picture can be generalized to the whole lanthanide
series, and it is predicted that a few room-temperature magnetoresistance
materials could be found in LnBa$_{1-x}$A$_{x}$Co$_{2}$O$_{5+\delta}$
(Ln=Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu; A=Sr,Ca,Mg).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95657 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills measure on compact surfaces


  We construct and study the Yang-Mills measure in two dimensions. According to
the informal description given by the physicists, it is a probability measure
on the space of connections modulo gauge transformations on a principal bundle
with compact structure group. We are interested in the case where the base
space of this bundle is a compact orientable surface.
  The construction of the measure in a discrete setting, where the base space
of the fiber bundle is replaced by a graph traced on a surface, is quite well
understood thanks to the work of E. Witten. In contrast, the continuum limit of
this construction, which should allow to put a genuine manifold as base space,
still remains problematic.
  This work presents a complete and unified approach of the discrete theory and
of its continuum limit. We give a geometrically consistent definition of the
Yang-Mills measure, under the form of a random holonomy along a wide, intrinsic
and natural class of loops. This definition allows us to study combinatorial
properties of the measure, like its Markovian behaviour under the surgery of
surfaces, as well as properties specific to the continuous setting, for
example, some of its microscopic properties. In particular, we clarify the
links between the Yang-Mills measure and the white noise and show that there is
a major difference between the Abelian and semi-simple theories. We prove that
it is possible to construct a white noise using the measure as a starting point
and vice versa in the Abelian case but we show a result of asymptotic
independence in the semi-simple case which suggests that it is impossible to
extract a white noise from the measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3727 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram and dynamics of the projected SO(5)-symmetric model of


  We present numerical studies of a quantum ``projected'' SO(5) model which
aims at a unifying description of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in
the high-T$_c$ cuprates, while properly taking into account the Mott insulating
gap. Our numerical results, obtained by the Quantum Monte Carlo technique of
Stochastic Series Expansion, show that this model can give a realistic
description of the global phase diagram of the high-$T_c$ superconductors and
accounts for many of their physical properties. Moreover, we address the
question of dynamic restoring of the SO(5) symmetry at the critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127688 </DOCNO>
Beryllium in the Hyades F and G Dwarfs from Keck/HIRES Spectra


  Beryllium is not destroyed as easily as Li, so the abundances of Li and Be
together can tell us more about the internal physical processes in stars than
either element can alone. We have obtained high-resolution (45,000) and high
signal-to-noise (typically 90 per pixel) spectra of the Be II resonance lines
in 34 Hyades F and G dwarfs with the Keck I telescope and HIRES. The Be
abundances have been derived with the spectrum synthesis method. We find that
Be is depleted in the Li gap in the F stars reaching down to values of A(Be) =
0.60, or a factor of nearly seven below the meteoritic Be abundance. There is
little or no depletion of Be in stars cooler than 6000 K, in spite of the large
depletions (0.5 - 2.5 dex) in Li. The mean value of A(Be) for the ten coolest
stars is 1.33 +/- 0.06, not far from the meteoritic value of 1.42. The pattern
in the Be abundances - a Be dip in the F stars and undepleted Be in the cool
stars - is well matched by the predictions of slow mixing due to stellar
rotation (e.g. Deliyannis and Pinsonneault). The depletions of Li and Be
probably occur simultaneously. The Li and Be abundances are correlated for
stars in the temperature range of 5850 - 6680 K, similar to results from
earlier work on Li and Be in F and G field stars. The Hyades G dwarfs have more
Be than the sun; their initial Be may have been larger or they may not be old
enough to have depleted Be. For those Hyades stars which appear to have little
or no depletion of Li or Be, the Li/Be ratio is found to be 75 +/- 30.
(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75771 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry of Baryons


  We study chiral symmetry aspects of the positive and negative parity baryons
by identifying them with linear representations of the chiral group $SU(N_{f})
\otimes SU(N_{f})$. It is shown that there are two distinctive schemes: naive
and mirror assignments. We construct linear sigma models for baryons in the two
assignments and examine their physical implications. Then we investigate
properties of the naive and mirror nucleons microscopically by using QCD
interpolating fields. Finally, we propose experiments to distinguish the two
chiral assignments for the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4374 </DOCNO>
Helium nanodroplets and trapped Bose-Einstein condensates as prototypes


  Helium nanodroplets and trapped Bose-Einstein condensates in dilute atomic
gases offer complementary views of fundamental aspects of quantum many-body
systems. We discuss analogies and differences, stressing their common
theoretical background and peculiar features. We briefly review some relevant
concepts, such as the meaning of superfluidity in finite systems, the behavior
of elementary excitations and collective modes, as well as rotational
properties and quantized vorticity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5063 </DOCNO>
Liquid-to-liquid phase transition in pancake vortex systems


  We study the thermodynamics of a model of pancake vortices in layered
superconductors. The model is based on the effective pair potential for the
pancake vortices derived from the London approximation of a version of the
Lawrence-Doniach model which is valid for extreme type-II superconductors.
Using the hypernetted-chain (HNC) approximation, we find that there is a
temperature below which multiple solutions to the HNC equations exist. By
explicitly evaluating the free energy for each solution we find that the system
undergoes a first-order transition between two vortex liquid phases. The
low-temperature phase has larger correlations along the field direction than
the high-temperature phase. We discuss the possible relation of this phase
transition to the liquid-to-liquid phase transition recently observed in
Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors in high magnetic fields in the presence of disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5334 </DOCNO>
Exact form of the Bogoliubov excitations in one-dimensional nonlinear


  In the paper we present the exact solutions of one-dimensional Nonlinear
Schr\"{o}dinger Equation. The solutions correspond to the Bogoliubov
excitations in Bose-gas with a local interaction. The obtained expression is
used for evaluating the transmission coefficient of the excitations across a
delta-functional potential barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1824 </DOCNO>
Simulations of the Static Friction Due to Adsorbed Molecules


  The static friction between crystalline surfaces separated by a molecularly
thin layer of adsorbed molecules is calculated using molecular dynamics
simulations. These molecules naturally lead to a finite static friction that is
consistent with macroscopic friction laws. Crystalline alignment, sliding
direction, and the number of adsorbed molecules are not controlled in most
experiments and are shown to have little effect on the friction. Temperature,
molecular geometry and interaction potentials can have larger effects on
friction. The observed trends in friction can be understood in terms of a
simple hard sphere model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86676 </DOCNO>
Strength and genericity of singularities in Tolman-Bondi-de Sitter


  We study the curvature strength and visibility of the central singularity
arising in Tolman-Bondi-de Sitter collapse. We find that the singularity is
visible and Tipler strong along an infinite number of timelike geodesics,
independently of the initial data, and thus stable against perturbations of the
latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87272 </DOCNO>
The dark matter and the condensed description by the gravitational


  In this work the approach for a description of the physical systems about
whiches it is not possible to get basicly the total information is suggested.
 As a result the differential equations, the solutions of which characterize
the physical system, must bieng obtained from the demand of the minimality of
the generalized variance.
 As the understanding of the particles trajectory absents in the quantum theory
we shall consider that the Riemannian space-time is the effective one,
postulating the metric tensor on the base of the reduced density matrix of the
gravitational fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 846 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of 2 and 3 dimensional ferro- and antiferromagnetic


  In this work we generalize and subsequently apply the Effective Field
Renormalization Group technique to the problem of ferro- and
antiferromagnetically coupled Ising spins with local anisotropy axes in
geometrically frustrated geometries (kagome and pyrochlore lattices). In this
framework, we calculate the various ground states of these systems and the
corresponding critical points. Excellent agreement is found with exact and
Monte Carlo results. The effects of frustration are discussed. As pointed out
by other authors, it turns out that the spin ice model can be exactly mapped to
the standard Ising model but with effective interactions of the opposite sign
to those in the original Hamiltonian. Therefore, the ferromagnetic spin ice is
frustrated, and does not order. Antiferromagnetic spin ice (in both 2 and 3
dimensions), is found to undergo a transition to a long range ordered state.
The thermal and magnetic critical exponents for this transition are calculated.
It is found that the thermal exponent is that of the Ising universality class,
whereas the magnetic critical exponent is different, as expected from the fact
that the Zeeman term has a different symmetry in these systems. In addition,
the recently introduced Generalized Constant Coupling method is also applied to
the calculation of the critical points and ground state configurations. Again,
a very good agreement is found with both exact, Monte Carlo, and
renormalization group calculations for the critical points. Incidentally, we
show that the generalized constant coupling approach can be regarded as the
lowest order limit of the EFRG technique, in which correlations outside a
frustrated unit are neglected, and scaling is substituted by strict equality of
the thermodynamic quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125404 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations of XTE J1550-564 During the Decay of the 2000


  We investigate the timing behavior of XTE J1550-564 with the Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer (RXTE) as the source made a transition to the hard state during
the decay of the 2000 outburst. We detect a high frequency QPO at 65 Hz in one
observation with a fractional rms amplitude of 4.9%. This is the first time
that a high frequency QPO has been detected in a transition to the hard state
during outburst decay. We also observe low frequency QPOs in the 0.36-4.1 Hz
range and rich aperiodic variability. The changes in the temporal properties
during the decay are very similar to the state transitions observed for other
sources. We find a correlation between the QPO frequency and the break
frequency in the continuum power spectra. We investigate the energy dependence
of rms amplitudes of the QPOs. We compare these timing properties with those
previously observed for XTE J1550-564 and other Galactic black hole candidates
and discuss the implications for QPO models and black hole accretion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40841 </DOCNO>
Investigation of Quark-Antiquark Interaction Properties using Leading


  Measurements of heavy quark production in electron-positron collisions are
used to analyse the strong interactions between quarks and anti-quarks. A
scaling behaviour is observed in distributions of the rapidity change of D*,
B*, and B mesons. From these distributions information is obtained on the
hadron formation time, effective quark masses, and the potential between
quark-antiquark pairs. Predictions for fragmentation functions are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126934 </DOCNO>
Large Bodies in the Kuiper Belt


  We present a survey for bright Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) and Centaurs,
conducted at the Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) 0.9 m telescope with the
KPNO 8k Mosaic CCD. The survey imaged 164 sq deg near opposition to a limiting
red magnitude of 21.1. Three bright KBOs and one Centaur were found, the
brightest KBO having red magnitude 19.7, about 700 km in diameter assuming a
dark Centaur-like 4% albedo. We estimate the power-law differential size
distribution of the Classical KBOs to have index q = 4.2 (+0.4)(-0.3), with the
total number of Classical KBOs with diameters larger than 100 km equal to 4.7
(+1.6)(-1.0) x 10^4. Additionally, we find that if there is a maximum object
size in the Kuiper Belt, it must be larger than 1000 km in diameter. By
extending our model to larger size bodies, we estimate that 30 (+16)(-12)
Charon-sized and 3.2 (+2.8)(-1.7) Pluto-sized Classical KBOs remain
undiscovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73357 </DOCNO>
Instantons and Glueballs


  We investigate the impact of instantons on scalar glueball properties in a
largely model-independent analytical approach based on the instanton-improved
operator product expansion (IOPE) of the $0^{++}$ glueball correlator. The
instanton contributions turn out to be dominant, to substantially improve the
consistency of the correponding QCD sum rules, and to increase the glueball
residue about fivefold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1977 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase transitions and collective modes in d-wave superconductors


  Fluctuations near second-order quantum phase transitions in d-wave
superconductors can cause strong damping of fermionic excitations, as observed
in photoemission experiments. The damping of the gapless nodal quasiparticles
can arise naturally in the quantum-critical region of a transition with an
additional spin-singlet, zero momentum order parameter; we argue that the
transition to a d_x^2-y^2 + i d_xy pairing state is the most likely possibility
in this category. On the other hand, the gapped antinodal quasiparticles can be
strongly damped by the coupling to antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations arising
from the proximity to a Neel-ordered state. We review some aspects of the
low-energy field theories for both transitions and the corresponding
quantum-critical behavior. In addition, we discuss the spectral properties of
the collective modes associated with the proximity to a superconductor with
d_x^2-y^2 + i d_xy symmetry, and implications for experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114378 </DOCNO>
Online Model Server for the Jefferson Lab accelerator


  A beam physics model server (Art++) has been developed for the Jefferson Lab
accelerator. This online model server is a redesign of the ARTEMIS model
server. The need arose from an impedance mismatch between the current
requirements and ARTEMIS capabilities. The purpose of the model server is to
grant access to both static (machine lattice parameters) and dynamic (actual
machine settings) data using a single programming interface. A set of useful
optics calculations (R-matrix, orbit fit, etc.) has also been implemented and
can be invoked by clients via the model interface. Clients may also register
their own dynamic models in the server. The server interacts with clients using
the CDEV protocol and data integrity is guaranteed by a relational database
(Oracle8i) accessed through a persistence layer. By providing a centralized
repository for both data and optics calculations, the following benefits were
achieved: optimal use of network consumption, software reuse, and ease of
maintenance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169200 </DOCNO>
Superoscillations and tunneling times


  It is proposed that superoscillations play an important role in the
interferences which give rise to superluminal effects. To exemplify that, we
consider a toy model which allows for a wave packet to travel, in zero time and
negligible distortion a distance arbitrarily larger than the width of the wave
packet. The peak is shown to result from a superoscillatory superposition at
the tail. Similar reasoning applies to the dwell time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6573 </DOCNO>
Testing the Gaussian Copula Hypothesis for Financial Assets Dependences


  Using one of the key property of copulas that they remain invariant under an
arbitrary monotonous change of variable, we investigate the null hypothesis
that the dependence between financial assets can be modeled by the Gaussian
copula. We find that most pairs of currencies and pairs of major stocks are
compatible with the Gaussian copula hypothesis, while this hypothesis can be
rejected for the dependence between pairs of commodities (metals).
Notwithstanding the apparent qualification of the Gaussian copula hypothesis
for most of the currencies and the stocks, a non-Gaussian copula, such as the
Student's copula, cannot be rejected if it has sufficiently many ``degrees of
freedom''. As a consequence, it may be very dangerous to embrace blindly the
Gaussian copula hypothesis, especially when the correlation coefficient between
the pair of asset is too high as the tail dependence neglected by the Gaussian
copula can be as large as 0.6, i.e., three out five extreme events which occur
in unison are missed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98399 </DOCNO>
A remark on Fourier pairing and binomial formula for Macdonald


  We give a concise direct proof of the orthogonality of interpolation
Macdonald polynomials with respect to the Fourier pairing and briefly discuss
some immediate applications of this orthogonality, such as the symmetry of the
Fourier pairing and the binomial formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81453 </DOCNO>
A Fermion Doublet With Chiral Gauge Interaction On A Lattice


  We present a new staggered discretization of the Dirac operator. Doubling
gives only a doublet of Dirac fermions which we propose to interpret as a
physical (lepton or quark) doublet. If coupled with gauge fields, an
$(1+\gamma^5)$ chiral interaction appears in a natural way. We define a
generalization for curved background which does not require tetrad variables.
The approach suggests a natural explanation for the three fermion families.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 682 </DOCNO>
Andreev bound states in high-$T_c$ superconducting junctions


  The formation of bound states at surfaces of materials with an energy gap in
the bulk electron spectrum is a well known physical phenomenon. At
superconductor surfaces, quasiparticles with energies inside the
superconducting gap $\Delta$ may be trapped in bound states in quantum wells,
formed by total reflection against the vacuum and total Andreev reflection
against the superconductor. Since an electron reflects as a hole and sends a
Cooper pair into the superconductor, the surface states give rise to resonant
transport of quasiparticle and Cooper pair currents, and may be observed in
tunneling spectra. In superconducting junctions, these surface states may
hybridize and form bound Andreev states, trapped between the superconducting
electrodes. In d-wave superconductors, the order parameter changes sign under
$90^o$ rotation and, as a consequence, Andreev reflection may lead to the
formation of zero energy quasiparticle bound states, midgap states (MGS). The
formation of MGS is a robust feature of d-wave superconductivity and provides a
unified framework for many important effects which will be reviewed: large
Josephson current, low-temperature anomaly of the critical Josephson current,
$\pi$-junction behavior, $0\to \pi$ junction crossover with temperature,
zero-bias conductance peaks, paramagnetic currents, time reversal symmetry
breaking, spontaneous interface currents, and resonance features in subgap
currents. Taken together these effects, when observed in experiments, provide
proof for d-wave superconductivity in the cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76530 </DOCNO>
Centrality Dependence of Baryon and Meson Momentum Distributions in $pA$


  The proton and neutron inclusive distributions in the projectile
fragmentation region of $pA$ collisions are studied in the valon model.
Momentum degradation and flavor changes due to the nuclear medium are described
at the valon level using two parameters. Particle production is treated by
means of the recombination subprocess. Pion inclusive distributions can be
calculated without any adjustable parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1030 </DOCNO>
Free Energy Self-Averaging in Protein-Sized Random Heteropolymers


  Current theories of heteropolymers are inherently macrpscopic, but are
applied to folding proteins which are only mesoscopic. In these theories, one
computes the averaged free energy over sequences, always assuming that it is
self-averaging -- a property well-established only if a system with quenched
disorder is macroscopic. By enumerating the states and energies of compact 18,
27, and 36mers on a simplified lattice model with an ensemble of random
sequences, we test the validity of the self-averaging approximation. We find
that fluctuations in the free energy between sequences are weak, and that
self-averaging is a valid approximation at the length scale of real proteins.
These results validate certain sequence design methods which can exponentially
speed up computational design and greatly simplify experimental realizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86382 </DOCNO>
Vortex Holography


  We show that the Abelian Higgs field equations in the four dimensional anti
de Sitter spacetime have a vortex line solution. This solution, which has
cylindrical symmetry in AdS$_4$, is a generalization of the flat spacetime
Nielsen-Olesen string. We show that the vortex induces a deficit angle in the
AdS$_4$ spacetime that is proportional to its mass density. Using the AdS/CFT
correspondence, we show that the mass density of the string is uniform and dual
to the discontinuity of a logarithmic derivative of correlation function of the
boundary scalar operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83782 </DOCNO>
What's Fit To Print: The Effect Of Ownership Concentration On Product


  This paper examines the effect of ownership concentration on product
position, product variety and readership in markets for daily newspapers. US
antitrust policy presumes that mergers reduce the amount and diversity of
content available to consumers. However, the effects of consolidation in
differentiated product markets cannot be determined solely from theory. Because
multi-product firms internalize business stealing, mergers may encourage firms
to reposition products, leading to more, not less, variety. Using data on
reporter assignments from 1993-1999, results show that differentiation and
variety increase with concentration. Moreover, there is evidence that
additional variety increases readership, suggesting that concentration benefits
consumers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168525 </DOCNO>
Quantum axiomatics and a theorem of M.P. Soler


  Three of the traditional quantum axioms (orthocomplementation,
orthomodularity and the covering law) show incompatibilities with two products
introduced by Aerts for the description of joint entities. Inspired by Soler's
theorem and Holland's AUG axiom, we propose a property of 'plane transitivity',
which also characterizes classical Hilbert spaces among infinite dimensional
orthomodular spaces, as a possible partial substitute for the 'defective'
axioms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174742 </DOCNO>
Event anisotropy in 4.2A GeV/c C+C collisions


  The directed and elliptic flow of protons and negative pions in 4.2A GeV/c
C+C collisions is studied using the Fourier analysis of azimuthal
distributions. It is found that the protons exhibit pronounced directed flow,
while the flow of pions is either non existent or too weak to be detected
experimentally. Also, it is found that in the entire rapidity interval the
elliptic flow is very small if not zero. These results are confirmed by the
Quark-Gluon-String Model (QGSM) and the relativistic transport model (ART 1.0),
except that these models predict very weak antiflow of pions. The more detailed
comparison with the QGSM suggests that the decay of resonances and rescattering
of secondaries dominantly determine the proton and negative pion flow at this
energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 162 </DOCNO>
Liquid markets and market liquids: collective and single-asset dynamics


  We characterize the collective phenomena of a liquid market. By interpreting
the behavior of a no-arbitrage N asset market in terms of a particle system
scenario, (thermo)dynamical-like properties can be extracted from the asset
kinetics. In this scheme the mechanisms of the particle interaction can be
widely investigated. We test the verisimilitude of our construction on
two-decade stock market daily data (DAX30) and show the result obtained for the
interaction potential among asset pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124079 </DOCNO>
Solar models and electron screening


  We investigate the sensitivity of the solar model to changes in the nuclear
reaction screening factors. We show that the sound speed profile as determined
by helioseismology certainly rules out changes in the screening factors
exceeding more than 10%. A slightly improved solar model could be obtained by
enhancing screening by about 5% over the Salpeter value. We also discuss how
envelope properties of the Sun depend on screening, too. We conclude that the
solar model can be used to help settling the on-going dispute about the
``correct'' screening factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179493 </DOCNO>
Probing the effectiveness: chiral perturbation theory calculations of


  I summarize three recent calculations of electromagnetic reactions on
deuterium in chiral perturbation theory. All of these calculations were carried
out to O(Q^4), i.e. next-to-next-to-leading order. The reactions discussed here
are: elastic electron-deuteron scattering, Compton scattering on deuterium, and
the photoproduction of neutral pions from deuterium at threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73915 </DOCNO>
MS vs. Pole Masses of Gauge Bosons: Electroweak Bosonic Two-Loop


  The relationship between MS and pole masses of the vector bosons Z and W is
calculated at the two-loop level in the Standard Model. We only consider the
purely bosonic contributions which represents a gauge invariant subclass of
diagrams. All calculations were performed in the linear $R_\xi$ gauge with
three arbitrary gauge parameters utilizing the method of asymptotic expansions.
The results are presented in analytic form as series in the small parameters
$\sin^2\theta_W$ and mass ratio $m_Z^2/m_H^2$. As a byproduct we obtain the
bosonic two-loop contributions to the renormalization of the weak mixing
parameter $\sin^2\theta_W$ and of the Fermi constant. The running of Fermi
constant will become important at high energy colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128151 </DOCNO>
Spectrally resolved flares in the quiescent black hole V404 Cyg


  We present a spectrophotometric study of short-term optical variability in
the quiescent black hole X-ray transient V404 Cyg focusing on two nights of
Halpha spectroscopy. We find significant variability, with both the Halpha line
and the continuum varying in a correlated way. This includes both dramatic
flares lasting a few hours in which the line flux nearly doubles and
lower-level flickering. The strongest flares involve development of asymmetry
in the line profile, with the red wing usually strongest independent of orbital
phase. Based on the line profile changes during the flares, we conclude that
the most likely origin for the variability is variable photoionisation by the
central source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113948 </DOCNO>
Calculation of nuclear spin-dependent parity-nonconserving amplitude for


  Many-body calculation of nuclear spin-dependent parity-nonconserving
amplitude for (7s,F=4) --> (7s,F=5) transition between hyperfine sublevels of
the ground state of $^{211}$Fr is carried out. The final result is <7s,F=5
||d_PNC|| 7s,F=4> = -0.49 10^{-10} i kappa a.u., where kappa is the
dimensionless coupling constant. This is approximately an order of magnitude
larger than similar amplitude in Cs. The dominant contribution to kappa is
associated with the anapole moment of the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86612 </DOCNO>
Invariance properties of induced Fock measures for U(1) holonomies


  We study invariance properties of the measures in the space of generalized
U(1) connections associated to Varadarajan's r-Fock representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150134 </DOCNO>
A Note on Holography on a Curved Brane


  Some recent literature has examined the holographic-induced cosmology of a
brane universe in the background of an anti-de Sitter-black hole geometry. In
this regard, curved-brane scenarios have begun to receive considerable
attention. Our current interest is in a formal discrepancy that exists between
two such works by Padilla (hep-th/0111247) and Youm (hep-th/0111276). In
particular, these authors have incorporated different values for a conformal
factor that is used to relate the thermodynamics of the relevant (AdS bulk and
CFT brane) spacetimes. After a more general review, we clarify this issue and
discuss the implications on the prior results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149969 </DOCNO>
Anomaly Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking in Four Dimensions, Naturally


  We present a simple four-dimensional model in which anomaly mediated
supersymmetry breaking naturally dominates. The central ingredient is that the
hidden sector is near a strongly-coupled infrared fixed-point for several
decades of energy below the Planck scale. Strong renormalization effects then
sequester the hidden sector from the visible sector. Supersymmetry is broken
dynamically and requires no small input parameters. The model provides a
natural and economical explanation of the hierarchy between the
supersymmetry-breaking scale and the Planck scale, while allowing anomaly
mediation to address the phenomenological challenges posed by weak scale
supersymmetry. In particular, flavor-changing neutral currents are naturally
near their experimental limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125446 </DOCNO>
Applications of Halo Approach to Non-Linear Large Scale Structure


  We present astrophysical applications of the recently popular halo model to
describe large scale structure clustering. We formulate the power spectrum,
bispectrum and trispectrum of dark matter density field in terms of
correlations within and between dark matter halos. The halo approach uses
results from numerical simulations and involves a profile for dark matter, a
mass function for halos, and a description of halo biasing with respect to the
linear density field. This technique can easily be extended to describe
clustering of any property of the large scale structure, such as galaxies,
baryons and pressure, provided that one formulate the relationship between such
properties and dark matter. In detail, we discuss applications of the halo
model for several observational probes of the local universe involving weak
gravitational lensing, thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect and the kinetic
SZ effect. We also propose a new cosmological test using the redshift evolution
of the angular power spectrum of halos and using a calibrated linear power
spectrum, which acts as an effective standard ruler (Summary).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5610 </DOCNO>
Tunneling between two semiconductors with localized electrons: Can it


  It is shown that the voltage dependence of the tunneling conductance between
two lightly doped semiconductors, which are separated by an large area
tunneling barrier, can reveal the high energy part of the Coulomb gap if the
barrier is thick enough. At the barrier thickness smaller than average distance
between impurities no Coulomb gap feature can be found. This happens because
such tunneling is sensitive to very rare shortest pairs of occupied and empty
states localized at opposite sides of the barrier, whose density of states in
this limit has no Coulomb gap. Small area tunneling contacts are also
discussed. It is shown that the tunneling conductance of a point-like contact
exponentialy grows with the applied voltage. This dependence does not permit a
direct measurement of the Coulomb gap, but indirectly has information about it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148255 </DOCNO>
String Orbifolds and Quotient Stacks


  In this note we observe that, contrary to the usual lore, string orbifolds do
not describe strings on quotient spaces, but rather seem to describe strings on
objects called quotient stacks, a result that follows from simply unraveling
definitions, and is further justified by a number of results. Quotient stacks
are very closely related to quotient spaces; for example, when the orbifold
group acts freely, the quotient space and the quotient stack are homeomorphic.
We explain how sigma models on quotient stacks naturally have twisted sectors,
and why a sigma model on a quotient stack would be a nonsingular CFT even when
the associated quotient space is singular. We also show how to understand twist
fields in this language, and outline the derivation of the orbifold Euler
characteristic purely in terms of stacks. We also outline why there is a sense
in which one naturally finds B nonzero on exceptional divisors of resolutions.
These insights are not limited to merely understanding existing string
orbifolds: we also point out how this technology enables us to understand
orbifolds in M-theory, as well as how this means that string orbifolds provide
the first example of an entirely new class of string compactifications. As
quotient stacks are not a staple of the physics literature, we include a
lengthy tutorial on quotient stacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7203 </DOCNO>
Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm with Josephson charge


  We investigate the realization of a simple solid-state quantum computer by
implementing the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm in a system of Josephson charge
qubits. Starting from a procedure to carry out the one-qubit Deutsch-Jozsa
algorithm we show how the N-qubit version of the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm
can be realized. For the implementation of the three-qubit Deutsch-Jozsa
algorithm we study in detail a setup which allows to produce entangled states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99081 </DOCNO>
Anti-self-dual metrics on Lie groups


  The aim of the paper is to determine left-invariant,anti-self-dual, non
conformally flat, Riemannian metrics on four-dimensional Lie groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113762 </DOCNO>
Some Problems with Negative Refraction


  J. B. Pendry's "Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens" is analyzed.
  It appears that several statements may be understood in terms of lens design
but not in terms of fundamental behavior of light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129264 </DOCNO>
Studies of Structure Formation and Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys


  Surveys of galaxy clusters provide a promising method of testing models of
structure formation in the universe. Within the context of our standard
structure formation scenario, surveys provide measurements of the geometry of
the universe and the nature of the dark energy and dark matter. Cluster
catalogues will be constructed using some combination of X-ray,
optical/near--IR, and mm or cm-wave observations. These catalogues will be used
to study the cluster redshift and mass distributions along with the
correlations of the cluster spatial distribution. These measurements probe the
volume--redshift relation, the power spectrum of density fluctuations and the
evolution of galaxy cluster abundance. All are sensitive to the amount of dark
matter Omega_M, the amount of dark energy Omega_E, the equation of state of the
dark energy w(z) and any other parameter, which affects the expansion history
of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86530 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Radiation Evolution of Accreting Neutron Stars


  The gravitational-wave and accretion driven evolution of neutron stars in low
mass X-ray binaries and similar systems is analyzed, while the amplitude of the
radiating perturbation (here assumed to be an r-mode) remains small. If most of
the star is superfluid, with (temperature independent) mutual friction
dominating the ordinary (temperature dependent) shear viscosity, the amplitude
of the mode and the angular velocity of the star oscillate about their
equilibrium values with a period of at least a few hundred years. The resulting
oscillation of the neutron star temperature is also computed. For temperature
dependent viscosity, the general conditions for the equilibrium to be stable
are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127737 </DOCNO>
Magnetic fields in the Centaurus cluster


  We present multi-frequency VLA observations of the radio galaxy PKS 1246-410
at the center of the Centaurus Cluster, and compare these results to recent
Chandra observations. The unusual radio morphology of PKS 1246-410 probably
results from interactions with the hot, X-ray emitting gas. This gas, along
with cluster magnetic fields, also produces substantial Faraday Rotation
Measures towards PKS 1246-410. We discuss these observations in the context of
a sample of 14 luminous X-ray clusters with embedded radio galaxies and
possible cooling flows. A correlation is found between the cooling flow rate
and the maximum Faraday Rotation Measures. Magnetic fields of strength 10-40 uG
are found to be common to the centers of clusters with strong cooling flows,
and somewhat lower field strengths of 2-10 uG are found in the non cooling-flow
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124256 </DOCNO>
Modes of Multiple Star Formation


  This paper argues that star forming environments should be classified into
finer divisions than the traditional isolated and clustered modes. Using the
observed set of galactic open clusters and theoretical considerations regarding
cluster formation, we estimate the fraction of star formation that takes place
within clusters. We find that less than 10% of the stellar population
originates from star forming regions destined to become open clusters,
confirming earlier estimates. The smallest clusters included in the
observational surveys (having at least N=100 members) roughly coincide with the
smallest stellar systems that are expected to evolve as clusters in a dynamical
sense. We show that stellar systems with too few members N < N_\star have
dynamical relaxation times that are shorter than their formation times (1-2
Myr), where the critical number of stars N_\star \approx 100. Our results
suggest that star formation can be characterized by (at least) three principal
modes: I. isolated singles and binaries, II. groups (N<N_\star), and III.
clusters (N>N_\star). Many -- if not most -- stars form through the
intermediate mode in stellar groups with 10<N<100. Such groups evolve and
disperse much more rapidly than open clusters; groups also have a low
probability of containing massive stars and are unaffected by supernovae and
intense ultraviolet radiation fields. Because of their short lifetimes and
small stellar membership, groups have relatively little effect on the star
formation process (on average) compared to larger open clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124083 </DOCNO>
The cosmological evolution of colour gradients in spheroids


  The analysis of the four-colour maps of galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field has
revealed in the sample of 0.4<z<1 early-type field galaxies the existence of
ellipticals with a predominantly old coeval stellar population. However, there
is another, unexpected, category of HDF early-type galaxies, in which the
galaxy core is significantly bluer than the outer regions. We demonstrate that
these colour gradients are predicted by the multi-zone chemodynamical model for
the evolution of elliptical galaxies. We suggest that the colour gradient could
be used as a chronometer of the evolution of elliptical galaxies: galaxies
younger than a few Gyr exhibit cores bluer than the surrounding galaxy, due to
ongoing star formation, while more evolved galaxies have redder cores, due to
metallicity gradients increasing towards the centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 297 </DOCNO>
Numerical verification of universality for the Anderson transition


  We analyze the scaling behavior of the higher Lyapunov exponents at the
Anderson transition. We estimate the critical exponent and verify its
universality and that of the critical conductance distribution for box,
Gaussian and Lorentzian distributions of the random potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5724 </DOCNO>
The role of the initial state in the collapse of a Bose condensed gas


  The stability of a Bose condensed gas with a negative scattering length is
studied with regard to the role played by the initial state. A trapped ideal
gas ground state is shown to be unstable when the Gross Pitaevskii equation
still predicts the existence of a stable state. A possible relation to a recent
experimental study of the critical conditions for stability or collapse of a
Bose Einstein condensate [J.L. Roberts et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4211
(2001)] is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75356 </DOCNO>
Chiral perturbation theory and kaon physics


  A brief survey of applications of chiral perturbation theory to both
semileptonic and nonleptonic kaon decays is presented. Special emphasis is
given to recent theoretical advances related to semileptonic decays, in
particular pion pion scattering and Ke4 decays. The systematic approach for
including isospin violation and electromagnetic corrections in semileptonic
decays is discussed for Kl3 decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124196 </DOCNO>
Models for Old, Metal-Poor Stars with Enhanced alpha-Element Abundances.


  An improved algorithm for interpolating isochrones and isochrone population
functions (IPFs), based on the scheme introduced by Bergbusch & VandenBerg
(1992, APJS, 81, 163), is described. The computer programs (FORTRAN 77) and the
grids of evolutionary tracks, for 17 [Fe/H] values between -2.31 and and -0.3,
with three choices of [alpha/Fe] (0.0, 0.3, and 0.6) at each iron abundance,
are freely available to users interested in producing isochrones and IPFs. We
add to the evidence presented in previous papers in this series in support of
the Teff and color scales of our models. The temperatures derived by Gratton et
al. (1996, A&A, 314, 191) for local Population II subdwarfs with accurate
{Hipparcos} parallaxes are in excellent agreement with those predicted for
them, when the Gratton et al. [Fe/H] scale is also assumed. The locus defined
by local subdwarfs and subgiants on the [M_V, log Teff] plane and the
morphologies of globular cluster C-M diagrams are well matched by the present
models, despite the neglect of diffusion. The three field halo subgiants in our
sample all have ages >15 Gyr, which is also favored for the Galaxy's most
metal-poor globular clusters (GCs). Our isochrones accurately reproduce the Da
Costa & Armandroff (1990, AJ, 100, 162) red-giant branch fiducials for M15, NGC
6752, NGC 1851, and 47 Tuc on the [M_I, (V-I)_0]-diagram. However, our models
fail to predict the observed luminosities of the red-giant bump by ~0.25 mag:
this may indicate inward overshooting of convective envelopes in red giants.
The Zinn & West (1984, ApJS, 55, 45) metallicities for intermediate metal-poor
GCs (-1.8 > [Fe/H] > -1.1) are preferred over recent spectroscopic results,
suggesting an inconsistency between current subdwarf and GC [Fe/H] scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98249 </DOCNO>
Full faithfulness for overconvergent F-isocrystals


  Let X be a smooth variety over a field of characteristic p>0. We prove that
the forgetful functor from the category of overconvergent F-isocrystals on X to
the category of convergent F-isocrystals is fully faithful. The argument uses
the quasi-unipotence theorem for overconvergent F-isocrystals (recently proved
independently by Andre, Mebkhout, and the author; see math.AG/0110124), plus
arguments of de Jong, Etesse and Tsuzuki.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75594 </DOCNO>
Scaling and asymptotic behavior of the $\gamma^* p$ total cross section


  The scaling in $\sigma_{\gamma^*p}$ cross sections (for $Q^2/W^2 << 1$) in
terms of the scaling variable $\eta = (Q^2 + m^2_0)/\Lambda^2 (W^2)$ is
interpreted in the generalized vector dominance/color-dipole picture (GVD/CDP).
The quantity $\Lambda^2 (W^2)$ is identified as the average gluon transverse
momentum absorbed by the $q \bar q$ state, $<\vec l^{~2}> = (1/6) \Lambda^2
(W^2)$. At any $Q^2$, for $W^2 \to \infty$, the cross sections for virtual and
real photons become universal, $\sigma_{\gamma^*p}(W^2,Q^2)/\sigma_{\gamma
p}(W^2) \to 1$. The gluon density corresponding to the color-dipole cross
section in the appropriate limit is found to be consistent with the results
from QCD fits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 509 </DOCNO>
A Solvable Model of Secondary Structure Formation in Random


  We propose and solve a simple model describing secondary structure formation
in random hetero-polymers. It describes monomers with a combination of
one-dimensional short-range interactions (representing steric forces and
hydrogen bonds) and infinite range interactions (representing polarity forces).
We solve our model using a combination of mean field and random field
techniques, leading to phase diagrams exhibiting second-order transitions
between folded, partially folded and unfolded states, including regions where
folding depends on initial conditions. Our theoretical results, which are in
excellent agreement with numerical simulations, lead to an appealing physical
picture of the folding process: the polarity forces drive the transition to a
collapsed state, the steric forces introduce monomer specificity, and the
hydrogen bonds stabilise the conformation by damping the frustration-induced
multiplicity of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41722 </DOCNO>
The Muon Anomaly: Experiment and Theory


  A summary is given of the present status of the theory and experiment of the
anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. A difference between predicted and
measured values is an indication of physics beyond the Standard Model. A new
experimental number has produced a value which differs from a recent Standard
Model prediction by about 1.6 standard deviations. When the new result was
first announced, the discrepancy was about 2.6 standard deviations, but
theorists have recently found an error in the sign of the largest term in the
Standard Model hadronic light-by-light contribution which reduces the
difference. Additional data are being analyzed and elements of the theory are
being scrutinized to provide, in the future, a sharper test of theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124902 </DOCNO>
The anomalous properties of Markarian 1460


  We present and discuss optical, near-infrared and HI measurements of the
galaxy Markarian 1460 at a distance of 19 Mpc in the Ursa Major Cluster. This
low-luminosity (M_B = -14) galaxy is unusual because (i) it is blue (B-R=0.8)
and has the spectrum of an HII galaxy, (ii) it has a light profile that is
smooth and well fit by an r^{1/4} and not an exponential function at all radii
larger than the seeing, and (iii) it has an observed central brightness of
about mu_B = 20 mag arcsec^{-2}, intermediate between those of elliptical
galaxies (on the bright mu_B side) and normal low-luminosity dwarf irregular
(on the low mu_B side) galaxies. No other known galaxy exhibits all these
properties in conjunction. On morphological grounds this galaxy looks like a
normal distant luminous elliptical galaxy, since the fundamental plane tells us
that higher luminosity normal elliptical galaxies tend to have lower
surface-brightnesses. Markarian 1460 has 2 X 10^7 M_sun of HI and a ratio
M(HI)/L_B of 0.2, which is low compared to typical values for star-forming
dwarf galaxies. From the high surface brightness and r^{1/4} profile, we infer
that the baryonic component of Markarian 1460 has become self-gravitating
through dissipative processes. From the colours, radio continuum, HI and
optical emission line properties, yet smooth texture, we infer that Markarian
1460 has had significant star formation as recently as about 1 Gyr ago but not
today.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148593 </DOCNO>
Spin and Electromagnetic Duality: An Outline


  An outline is given of recent work concerning the electromagnetic duality
properties of Maxwell theory on curved space-times with or without spin
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149660 </DOCNO>
{\cal N}=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory on Orbifold-$T^4/{\bf Z}_2$:


  We derive the partition function of {\cal N}=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills
theory on orbifold-T^4/{\bf Z}_2 for gauge group SU(N). We generalize the
method of our previous work for the SU(2) case to the SU(N) case. The resulting
partition function is represented as the sum of the product of G\"ottche
formula of singular quotient space $T^4/{\bf Z}_2 $ and of blow-up formulas
including A_{N-1} theta series with level N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113710 </DOCNO>
New Theoretical Physics as the Possible Solution to the Solar Neutrino


  Although the efforts to solve the solar neutrino problem have been concerted,
there has yet to be a proposed solution which has gained wide scale acceptance.
This paper may constitute the most unique attempt. This is for the simple
reason that the solution relies on new theoretical physics which will not be
found within the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73940 </DOCNO>
Role of Photoproduction in Exotic Meson Searches


  We discuss two production mechanisms of the $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ exotic meson,
hadroproduction, using pion beams and photoproduction.
  We show that the ratio of exotic to non-exotic, in particular the $a_2$,
meson production cross sections is expected to be by a factor of 5 to 10
larger, in photoproduction then in hadroproduction. Furthermore we show that
the low-t photoproduction of exotic meson is enhanced as compared to hadronic
production. This findings support the simple quark picture in which exotic
meson production is predicted to be enhanced when the beam is a virtual $Q\bar
Q$ pair with a spin-1 (photon) rather then with a spin-0 (pion).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114475 </DOCNO>
Instrumentation, Field Network and Process Automation for the Cryogenic


  CERN is now setting up String 2, a full-size prototype of a regular cell of
the LHC arc. It is composed of two quadrupole, six dipole magnets, and a
separate cryogenic distribution line (QRL) for the supply and recovery of the
cryogen. An electrical feed box (DFB), with up to 38 High Temperature
Superconducting (HTS) leads, powers the magnets. About 700 sensors and
actuators are distributed along four Profibus DP and two Profibus PA field
buses. The process automation is handled by two controllers, running 126 Closed
Control Loops (CCL). This paper describes the cryogenic control system,
associated instrumentation, and their commissioning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99254 </DOCNO>
On the rank of a binary form


  We describe in the space of binary forms of degree d the strata of forms
having constant rank. We also give a simple algorithm to determine the rank of
a given form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127621 </DOCNO>
The small-scale structure of the Magellanic Stream


  We have mapped in neutral hydrogen (HI) two regions at the northern tip of
the Magellanic Stream, known as MS V and MS VI, using the Arecibo telescope.
The small-scale structure of the MS shows clumpy and head-tail morphology. The
spatial power spectrum of this star-free intergalactic medium has a power-law
behavior with the density slope of -3.8. A gradual steepening of the power-law
slope is seen when increasing the thickness of velocity slices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125615 </DOCNO>
Pulses, Spectral Lags, Durations, and Hardness Ratios in Long GRBs


  We analyze BATSE 64-ms data for long gamma-ray bursts (T90 > 2.6 s),
exploring the relationships between spectral lag, duration, and the number of
distinct pulses per burst, Npulses. We measure durations using a
brightness-independent technique. Within a similarly brightness-independent
framework, we use a "Bayesian Block" method to find significant valleys and
peaks, and thereby identify distinct pulses in bursts. Our results show that,
across large dynamic ranges in peak flux and the Npulses measure, bursts have
short lags and narrow pulses, while bursts with long lags tend to have just a
few significant, wide pulses. There is a tendency for harder bursts to have few
pulses, and these hardest bursts have short lags. Spectral lag and duration
appear to be nearly independent - even for those bursts with relatively long
lags: wider pulses tend to make up in duration for fewer pulses. Our
brightness-independent analysis adds to the nascent picture of an intimate
connection between pulse width, spectral lag, and peak luminosity for bursts
with known redshifts: We infer that lower-luminosity bursts should have fewer
episodes of organized emission - wider pulses with longer spectral lags.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95718 </DOCNO>
The Sidon constant of sets with three elements


  We solve an elementary extremal problem on trigonometric polynomials and
obtain the exact value of the Sidon constant for sets with three elements {n0,
n1, n2}: it is \sec(\pi / 2n) for n = max(n1-n0, n2-n0, n2-n1) / gcd(n1-n0,
n2-n0).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 32 </DOCNO>
Suppression of weak localization effects in low-density metallic 2D


  We have measured the conductivity in a gated high-mobility GaAs two
dimensional hole sample with densities in the range (7-17)x10^9 cm^-2 and at
hole temperatures down to 5x10^-3 E_F. We measure the weak localization
corrections to the conductivity g=G/(e^2/h) as a function of magnetic field
(Delta g=0.019 +/- 0.006 at g=1.5 and T=9 mK) and temperature (d ln g/dT<0.0058
and 0.0084 at g=1.56 and 2.8). These values are less than a few percent of the
value 1/pi predicted by standard weak localization theory for a disordered 2D
Fermi liquid

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3194 </DOCNO>
Undulation instability of lipid membranes under an electric field


  The influence of an electric field on a poorly conductive membrane such as a
lipid bilayer is studied theoretically. The unbalanced electric stress created
by an ionic current across a non-perfectly flat membrane gives rise to a
destabilizing surface energy enhancing undulations. The deformation of a
membrane attached to a frame and the subsequent force on the frame are derived
and the electrohydrodynamic instability of a free floating membrane is also
studied. We find a most unstable mode of undulation, of wavelength in the $\mu
m$ range, connected to the crossover between membrane and solvent dominated
dissipations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96120 </DOCNO>
On matrices in prescribed conjugacy classes with no common invariant


  We determine those k-tuples of conjugacy classes of matrices, from which it
is possible to choose matrices which have no common invariant subspace and have
sum zero. This is an additive version of the Deligne-Simpson problem. We deduce
the result from earlier work of ours on preprojective algebras and the moment
map for representations of quivers. Our answer depends on the root system for a
Kac-Moody Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7395 </DOCNO>
Single-electron control of Wigner crystallization


  Wigner crystallization in mesoscopic quantum dots containing only few ($N <
50$) electrons exhibits a number of interesting peculiarities: (i) there exist
two distinct crystal phases, and (ii) the phase boundary sensitively depends on
the precise particle number. In this paper we demonstrate that this behavior
can be used to control the {\em collective} transport properties by adding or
removing a {\em single electron}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168365 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Decay in the Presence of Absorbing Media


  After giving a summary of the basic-theoretical concept of quantization of
the electromagnetic field in the presence of dispersing and absorbing
(macroscopic) bodies, their effect on spontaneous decay of an excited atom is
studied. Various configurations such as bulk material, planar half space media,
spherical cavities, and microspheres are considered. In particular, the
influence of material absorption on the local-field correction, the decay rate,
the line shift, and the emission pattern are examined. Further, the interplay
between radiative losses and losses due to material absorption is analyzed.
Finally, the possibility of generating entangled states of two atoms coupled by
a microsphere-assisted field is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127608 </DOCNO>
Vortex Configurations, Oscillations and Pinning in Neutron Star Crust


  The rotating neutron superfluid in the inner crust of a neutron star is
threaded by quantized vortex lines. The pinning force from lattice nuclei and
the Magnus force from neutron superfluid act onto a vortex line that has a
finite tension. The configuration of a vortex line in equilibrium comprises a
number of pinned straight lengths separated by unpinned kinks when the rotation
axis is slightly inclined to the major axis of a crystal lattice and the Magnus
force is not so strong. Energy of $\sim 4 {MeV}$ is required to form a kink at
densities of $\sim 3.4 \times 10^{13}{g cm}^{-3}$. Magnus force makes the
vortex line parabolic on global scale. There exist two modes, rotational and
helical (Kelvin), for oscillations allowed on a vortex line. The vortex
oscillations in the pinned straight segments are possible only above a minimum
frequency. We find no unstable mode that grows with time. Hence, the vortex
configurations with kinks may be stable and yield the strongly pinned state.
The essence of our results may not be altered even when we consider the vortex
behaviors in a polycrystalline structure. Our studies suggest that pinning of a
vortex line in a polycrystalline structure would be still strong enough to
explain the large glitches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168408 </DOCNO>
Geometric Phase in SU(N) Interferometry


  An interferometric scheme to study Abelian geometric phase shift over the
manifold SU(N)/SU(N-1) is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5934 </DOCNO>
Relationships Between the Superconducting Gap, Pseudogap and Transition


  The crossover from superconducting gap to pseudogap is considered. We show
that the superconductivity is destroyed at the temperature $T_c$, with the
superconducting gap being smoothly transformed into the pseudogap. Relations,
which are of general interest, between the maximum values of the gap
$\Delta_1$, $T_c$ and $T^*$ are established. We presents arguments that $T^*$
as a function of the doping level $x$ is approximately a straight line that
crosses the abscissa at some point $x_{FC}$. In the vicinity of this point
$T^*$ coincides with $T_c$, and at $x=x_{FC}$ the fermion condensation quantum
phase transition takes place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179253 </DOCNO>
The Local Potential Approximation for the Brueckner G-matrix


  The Brueckner G-matrix for a slab of nuclear matter is analyzed in the
singlet $^1S$ and triplet $^3S+^3D$ channels. The complete Hilbert space is
split into two domains, the model subspace $S_0$, in which the two-particle
propagator is calculated explicitly, and the complementary one, $S'$, in which
the local potential approximation is used. This kind of local approximation was
previously found to be quite accurate for the $^1S$ pairing problem. A set of
model spaces $S_0(E_0)$ with different values of the cut-off energy $E_0$ is
considered, $E_0$ being the upper limit for the single-particle energies of the
states belonging to $S_0$. The independence of the G-matrix of $E_0$ is assumed
as a criterion of validity of the local potential approximation. Such
independence is obtained within few percent for $E_0=10 \div 20$ MeV for both
the channels under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76338 </DOCNO>
Small-x QCD Effects in Particle Collisions at High Energies


  Recent theoretical developments to calculate cross sections of hadronic
objects in the high energy limit are summarised and experimental attempts to
establish the need for new QCD effects connected with a resummation of small
hadron momentum fractions x are reviewed.
  The relation between small-$x$ parton dynamics and the phenomenon of
diffraction is briefly out-lined. In addition, a search for a novel,
non-perturbative QCD effect, the production of QCD instanton induced events, is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174730 </DOCNO>
Search for dibaryon production in 4Hep interactions at medium energies


  The 4Hep interactions at 2.7 GeV/c and 5 GeV/c initial momenta of
alpha-particles are investigated using the 2m liquid hydrogen bubble chamber
(the kinetic energies of the initial protons in the nuclear rest frame were Tp
= 220 MeV and 620 MeV). The effective mass spectrum of two nucleons from the
reactions 4Hep -> dppn and 4Hep -> pppnn was analysed. The narrow structure in
the 2p mass spectrum from the quasi-elastic reaction p4He ->nF(pp)d at Tp = 620
MeV (where nF is the fast neutron in the nuclear rest frame) was found which is
the evidence of the existence of dibaryon with a mass M2p = 2008 +- 13 MeV and
a width Gamma = 20 +- 5 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96313 </DOCNO>
Existence of conformal metrics on $S^n$ with prescribed fourth order


  In this paper we prescribe a fourth order conformal invariant on the standard
$n-$sphere, with $n\geq5$, and study the related fourth order elliptic
equation. We first find some existence results in the perturbative case. After
some blow up analysis we build a homotopy to pass from the perturbative case to
the non-perturbative one under some flatness condition. Finally we state some
existence results under the assumption of symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86234 </DOCNO>
Dirac Spinor Waves and Solitons in Anisotropic Taub-NUT Spaces


  We apply a new general method of anholonomic frames with associated nonlinear
connection structure to construct new classes of exact solutions of
Einstein-Dirac equations in five dimensional (5D)gravity. Such solutions are
parametrized by off-diagonal metrics in coordinate (holonomic) bases, or,
equivalently, by diagonal metrics given with respect to some anholonomic frames
(pentads, or funfbiends, satisfing corresponding constraint relations). We
consider two possibilities of generalization of the Taub NUT metric in order to
obtain vacuum solutions of 5D Einsitein equations with effective
renormalization of constants having distinguished anisotropies on an angular
parameter or on extra dimension coordinate. The constructions are extended to
solutions describing self-consistent propagations of 3D Dirac wave packets in
5D anisotropic Taub NUT spacetimes. We show that such anisotropic
configurations of spinor matter can induce gravitational 3D solitons being
solutions of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili or of sine-Gordon equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83824 </DOCNO>
Relevant Knowledge First - Reinforcement Learning and Forgetting in


  In order to solve complex configuration tasks in technical domains, various
knowledge based methods have been developed. However their applicability is
often unsuccessful due to their low efficiency. One of the reasons for this is
that (parts of the) problems have to be solved again and again, instead of
being "learnt" from preceding processes. However, learning processes bring with
them the problem of conservatism, for in technical domains innovation is a
deciding factor in competition. On the other hand a certain amount of
conservatism is often desired since uncontrolled innovation as a rule is also
detrimental. This paper proposes the heuristic RKF (Relevant Knowledge First)
for making decisions in configuration processes based on the so-called
relevance of objects in a knowledge base. The underlying relevance-function has
two components, one based on reinforcement learning and the other based on
forgetting (fading). Relevance of an object increases with its successful use
and decreases with age when it is not used. RKF has been developed to speed up
the configuration process and to improve the quality of the solutions relative
to the reward value that is given by users.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85937 </DOCNO>
A prescription for probabilities in eternal inflation


  Some of the parameters we call ``constants of Nature'' may in fact be
variables related to the local values of some dynamical fields. During
inflation, these variables are randomized by quantum fluctuations. In cases
when the variable in question (call it $\chi$) takes values in a continuous
range, all thermalized regions in the universe are statistically equivalent,
and a gauge invariant procedure for calculating the probability distribution
for $\chi$ is known. This is the so-called ``spherical cutoff method''. In
order to find the probability distribution for $\chi$ it suffices to consider a
large spherical patch in a single thermalized region. Here, we generalize this
method to the case when the range of $\chi$ is discontinuous and there are
several different types of thermalized region. We first formulate a set of
requirements that any such generalization should satisfy, and then introduce a
prescription that meets all the requirements. We finally apply this
prescription to calculate the relative probability for different bubble
universes in the open inflation scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126363 </DOCNO>
Preparation of the COROT space mission: fundamental stellar parameters


  We present a sample of 9 nearby F-type stars with detailed spectroscopic
analyses to investigate the Basel Stellar Library (BaSeL) in two photometric
systems simultaneously, UBV Johnson and uvby Stromgren. The sample corresponds
to potential targets of the central seismology programme of the COROT space
experiment, which have been recently observed at Observatoire de Haute-Provence
(OHP, France). The atmospheric parameters Teff, [Fe/H], and log g obtained from
the BaSeL models are compared with spectroscopic determinations as well as with
results of other photometric calibrations. Moreover, new rotational velocity
determinations are also derived from the spectroscopic analysis and compared
with previous results compiled in the SIMBAD database. All the methods
presented give consistent solutions, and the agreement between Templogg and
BaSeL for the hottest stars of the sample could be especially useful in view of
the well known difficulty of spectroscopic determinations for fast rotating
stars. Finally, we present current and future developments of the BaSeL models
for a systematic application to all the COROT targets. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 557 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall Effect: The resistivity of a two-dimensional electron gas


  Based on a thermodynamic approach, we calculate the resistivity of a 2D
electron gas known to be dissipationless in the strong quantum limit. We
demonstrate that the standard magnetotransport measurements with extra current
leads give the resistivity caused by combined Peltier and Seebeck effects. The
current causes heating(cooling) at the first(second) sample contact due to the
Peltier effect. The contact temperatures are different. The measured voltage is
equal to the Peltier effect-induced thermoemf which is $linear$ in current. As
a result, the resistivity is nonzero as $% I\to 0$. The resistivity is a
universal function of magnetic field and temperature, expressed in fundamental
units $h/e^{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124897 </DOCNO>
The Cygnus X region: a nucleosynthesis laboratory for INTEGRAL


  The detection of 1.809 MeV gamma-ray line emission from the Cygnus X complex
by the COMPTEL telescope is one of the most convincing proves of massive star
nucleosynthesis in our Galaxy. The Cygnus X complex is an extremely active
nearby region, containing several star forming regions, OB associations and
young open star clusters. It houses some of the most massive stars known in our
Galaxy and concentrates a large number of Wolf-Rayet stars. Thermal radio
continuum emission and intense [C II] line emission reveals widespread
ionisation, and at least 60 individual H II regions have been identified. In
order to understand the 1.809 MeV gamma-ray line emission from the Cygnus X
complex, and to compare the observations to theoretical nucleosynthesis
calculations, we modelled the multi-wavelength spectrum of the region by means
of an evolutionary synthesis model. Our investigation leads us to the following
conclusions: 1. Stellar wind ejection is the dominant mechanism for the
observed 26Al enrichment in the Cygnus X region. 2. Cyg OB2 is by far the
dominating massive star association in Cygnus X and 1.809 MeV line emission
from 26Al produced in this association should be detectable by the spectrometer
SPI on INTEGRAL. 3. There is only low supernova activity in the Cygnus X
complex and the 60Fe lines should be below INTEGRAL's detection sensitivity.
The detectability of an individual massive star cluster (Cyg OB2) by INTEGRAL
provides a fantastic opportunity for future nucleosynthesis studies using
gamma-ray line spectroscopy. We will explore the scientific potential of such
observations, and provide estimates for gamma-ray line intensity distributions
based on the massive star census of the Cygnus X region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113450 </DOCNO>
Storage ring measurement of the C IV recombination rate coefficient


  The low energy C IV dielectronic recombination (DR) rate coefficient
associated with 2s-2p Delta n=0 excitations of this lithiumlike ion has been
measured with high energy-resolution at the heavy-ion storage-ring TSR of the
Max-Planck-Institut fuer Kernphysik in Heidelberg, Germany. The experimental
procedure and especially the experimental detection probabilities for the high
Rydberg states produced by the recombination of this ion are discussed in
detail. From the experimental data a Maxwellian plasma rate coefficient is
derived with 15% systematic uncertainty and parameterized for ready use in
plasma modeling codes. Our experimental result especially benchmarks the plasma
rate coefficient below 10000 K where DR occurs predominantly via C III (1s2 2p
4l) intermediate states and where existing theories differ by orders of
magnitude. Furthermore, we find that the total dielectronic and radiative C IV
recombination can be represented by the incoherent sum of our DR rate
coefficient and the RR rate coefficient of Pequignot et al. (1991, Astron.
Astrophys., 251, 680).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98242 </DOCNO>
Multidimensional rearrangement and Lorentz spaces


  We define a multidimensional rearrangement, which is related to classical
inequalities for functions that are monotone in each variable. We prove the
main measure theoretical results of the new theory and characterize the
functional properties of the associated weighted Lorentz spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87211 </DOCNO>
A Thermodynamic Sector of Quantum Gravity


  The connection between gravity and thermodynamics is explored. Examining a
perfect fluid in gravitational equilibrium we find that the entropy is extremal
only if Einstein's equations are satisfied. Conversely, one can derive part of
Einstein's equations from ordinary thermodynamical considerations. This allows
the theory of this system to be recast in such a way that a sector of general
relativity is purely thermodynamical and should not be quantized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75915 </DOCNO>
N* Masses from QCD Sum Rules


  We report N* masses in the spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 sectors using the method of
QCD Sum Rules. They are based on three independent sets derived from
generalized interpolating fields. The predictive ability of each sum rule is
examined by a Monte-Carlo based analysis procedure in which all three
phenomenological parameters (mass, coupling, threshold) are extracted
simultaneously. A parity projection technique is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125507 </DOCNO>
Vector and Tensor Microwave Background Signatures of a Primordial


  A stochastic magnetic field in the early Universe will produce anisotropies
in the temperature and polarization of the cosmic microwave background. We
derive analytic expressions for the microwave background temperature and
polarization power spectra induced by vector and tensor perturbations from a
power-law magnetic field. For a scale-invariant stochastic magnetic field with
a comoving damping scale of 1.4 Mpc, current microwave background temperature
measurements constrain the comoving mean-field amplitude to be no greater than
approximately $6\times 10^{-10}$ G. Limits improve as the power-law slope
increases: for causally-generated power-law magnetic fields, the comoving
mean-field amplitude has an upper bound of approximately $3\times 10^{-11}$ G.
These are the strongest current limits on large-scale primordial magnetic
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40938 </DOCNO>
A study of the centrally produced pi0pi0pi0 channel in pp interactions


  The reaction pp -> pf (pi0pi0pi0) ps has been studied at 450 GeV/c. The
pi0pi0pi0 effective mass spectrum shows clear eta(547) and pi2(1670) signals.
Branching ratios for the eta(547) and pi_2(1670) are given as well as upper
limits for the decays of the omega(782), a1(1260) and a2(1320) into 3pi0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124722 </DOCNO>
IRSI-DARWIN: How to see through the interplanetary dust cloud


  ESA has identified interferometry as one of the major goals of the Horizon
2000+ programme. Infrared interferometers are a highly sensitive astronomical
instruments that enable us to observe terrestrial planets around nearby stars.
In this context the Infrared Space Interferometry Mission (IRSI)/ DARWIN is
studied. The current design calls for a constellation of 6 free flying
telescopes using 1.5m mirrors, plus one hub and one master spacecraft. As the
baseline trajectory an orbit about the second collinear libration point of the
Earth-Sun system has been selected. The thermal radiation from the
interplanetary dust cloud that surrounds the Sun, the so-called zodiacal
infrared foreground, is a major concern for any high-sensitivity infrared
mission. The most reliable information about this radiation comes from the
measurements by NASA's Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) mission. There are
various ways to detect faint terrestrial planets despite the bright foreground.
We find that, using integration times in the order of 30h, the baseline mission
scenario is capable of detecting earth-sized exo-planets out to 14pc. We seize
the suggestion that increasing the heliocentric distance of the instrument
would make the observing conditions even better. A dust model that was fitted
to the COBE measurements shows that an observing location of DARWIN in the
outer solar system would potentially reduce the zodiacal foreground by a factor
of 100, effectively increasing the number of potential target stars by almost a
factor of 30.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124890 </DOCNO>
Explosions and Outflows during Galaxy Formation


  We consider an explosion at the center of a halo which forms at the
intersection of filaments inside a cosmological pancake, a convenient test-bed
model for galaxy formation. ASPH/P3M simulations reveal that such explosions
are anisotropic. The energy and metals are channeled into the low density
regions, away from the pancake. The pancake remains essentially undisturbed,
even if the explosion is strong enough to blow away all the gas located inside
the halo and reheat the IGM surrounding the pancake. Infall quickly replenishes
this ejected gas and gradually restores the gas fraction as the halo continues
to grow. Estimates of the collapse epoch and SN energy-release for galaxies of
different mass in the CDM model can relate these results to scale-dependent
questions of blow-out and blow-away and their implication for early IGM heating
and metal enrichment and the creation of gas-poor dwarf galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169394 </DOCNO>
Different versions of perturbation expansion based on the


  The newly developed single trajectory quadrature method is applied to a
two-dimensional example. The results based on different versions of new
perturbation expansion and the new Green's function deduced from this method
are compared to each other, also compared to the result from the traditional
perturbation theory. As the first application to higher-dimensional
non-separable potential the obtained result further confirms the applicability
and potential of this new method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96036 </DOCNO>
When does a detector click?


  We propose a general construction of an observable measuring the time of
occurence of an effect in quantum theory. Time delay in potential scattering is
computed as a straightforward application.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98799 </DOCNO>
Lax representation for the systems of S.Kowalevskaya type


  We descibe a number of dynamical systems that are generalizations of S.
Kowalevskaya system and admit the Lax representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96265 </DOCNO>
Biholomorphic mapping on the boundary I


  We study on the biholomorphic equivalence of a strongly pseudoconvex bounded
domain with differentiable spherical boundary to an open ball, and we study on
the biholomorphicity of a proper holomorphic self mapping of a strongly
pseudoconvex domain with real analytic boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168219 </DOCNO>
Subsystem Purity as an Enforcer of Entanglement


  We show that entanglement can always arise in the interaction of an
arbitrarily large system in any mixed state with a single qubit in a pure
state. This small initial purity is enough to enforce entanglement even when
the total entropy is close to maximum. We demonstrate this feature using the
Jaynes-Cummings interaction of a two level atom in a pure state with a field in
a thermal state at an arbitrarily high temperature. We find the time and
temperature variation of a lower bound on the amount of entanglement produced
and study the classical correlations quantified by the mutual information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168677 </DOCNO>
Visibility, efficiency, and Bell violations in real


  The violation of Bell's inequalities in Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiments
has been demonstrated for photons and ions. In all experiments of this kind the
relation between visibility, efficiency, and Bell violation is generally
unknown. In this paper we show that simulations based on a local hidden
variables models for entangled photons provide this information. It is
established that these properties are closely related by the way, in which
photons are detected after a polarizer beam splitter. On this basis we suggest
controlled experiments which, for the first time, subject the superposition
principle to experimental tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6902 </DOCNO>
Geometric phases and polarization patterns in multiple light scattering


  Multiple light scattering is widely used to characterize dense colloidal
systems as well as in deep tissue imaging; experiments are often interpreted
via a theory of diffusion of the light intensity within a sample, neglecting
the vector nature of the electromagnetic wave. Recent experiments on diffuse
backscattering with linearly polarized light from colloidal suspensions of
micron size particles were found to display strong intensity variations with
fourfold rotational symmetry when observed through an arbitrarily oriented
linear analyzer. We show that these polarization patterns are manifestations of
a Berry phase of the multiple scattered beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76229 </DOCNO>
Saturation model for two-photon interactions at high energies


  We formulate and analyse a saturation model for the total gamma gamma and
gamma* gamma* cross-sections and for the real photon structure function
F_2^gamma(x,Q^2). The model is based on a picture in which the gamma* gamma*
total cross-section for arbitrary photon virtualities is driven by the
interaction of colour dipoles, into which the virtual photons fluctuate. The
cross-section describing this interaction is assumed to satisfy the saturation
property with the saturation radius taken from the Golec-Biernat and Wusthoff
analysis of the gamma* p interaction at HERA. The model is supplemented by the
QPM and non-pomeron reggeon contributions. The model gives a very good
description of the data on the gamma gamma total cross-section, on the photon
structure function F_2^gamma(x,Q^2) at low x and on the gamma* gamma*
cross-section extracted from LEP double tagged events. Production of heavy
flavours in gamma gamma collisions is also studied. Predictions of the model
for the very high energy range which will be probed at future linear colliders
are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83668 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Reduce and Maple at UAM I - Mexico


  These lectures give a brief introduction to the Computer Algebra systems
Reduce and Maple. The aim is to provide a systematic survey of most important
commands and concepts. In particular, this includes a discussion of
simplification schemes and the handling of simplification and substitution
rules (e.g., a Lie Algebra is implemented in Reduce by means of simplification
rules).
  Another emphasis is on the different implementations of tensor calculi and
the exterior calculus by Reduce and Maple and their application in Gravitation
theory and Differential Geometry.
  I held the lectures at the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa,
Departamento de Fisica, Mexico, in November 1999.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 277 </DOCNO>
Design of a semiconductor ferromagnet in a quantum dot artificial


  We present the theoretical design of quantum dot (QD) artificial
ferromagnetic crystals. The electronic structure calculations based on local
spin density approximation (LSDA) show that our designed QD artificial crystal
from a structure comprising the crossing 0.104-micrometer-wide InAs quantum
wires (an effective Kagome lattice) has flat band characteristics. Our examined
QD artificial crystal has the ferromagnetic ground state when the flat band is
half-filled, even though it contains no magnetic elements. The ferromagnetic
and the paramagnetic state can be freely switched by changing the electron
filling via a gate voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5637 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic traffic models from microscopic car-following models


  We present a method to derive macroscopic fluid-dynamic models from
microscopic car-following models via a coarse-graining procedure. The method is
first demonstrated for the optimal velocity model. The derived macroscopic
model consists of a conservation equation and a momentum equation, and the
latter contains a relaxation term, an anticipation term, and a diffusion term.
Properties of the resulting macroscopic model are compared with those of the
optimal velocity model through numerical simulations, and reasonable agreement
is found although there are deviations in the quantitative level. The
derivation is also extended to general car-following models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74280 </DOCNO>
Possibility of baryon number violation at hot spots in relativistic


  It is possible that under certain situations, in a relativistic heavy-ion
collision, partons may expand out forming a shell like structure. We analyze
the process of hadronization in such a picture for the case when the
quark-hadron transition is of first order, and argue that the inside region of
such a shell must correspond to supercooled (to $T = 0$) deconfined vacuum.
Hadrons from that region escape out, leaving a bubble of pure deconfined vacuum
with large vacuum energy. This bubble undergoes relativistic collapse, with
highly Lorentz contracted bubble walls, concentrating entire energy into
extremely small regions. Eventually bubble walls collide, with the energy being
released in the form of particle production. Thermalization of this system can
lead to temperatures of the order of several GeV for RHIC energies, and may
even exceed the electroweak transition temperature ($\sim$ 100 GeV) for LHC. We
discuss implications of such hot spots, most importantly about the possibility
of observing sphaleron transitions and resulting baryon number violation in
heavy-ion collisions at LHC. Even for RHIC, such high temperatures will have
clear signals, in terms of very large $P_T$ partons, dileptons, and enhanced
production of heavy quarks. Due to concentration of large energy at these hot
spots, possibility of Higgs and top quark production may also arise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149343 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Solitons and the W_{1+\infty} Algebras in Quantum Hall


  We show that U(\infty) symmetry transformations of the noncommutative field
theory in the Moyal space are generated by a combination of two W_{1+\infty}
algebras in the Landau problem. Geometrical meaning of this infinite symmetry
is illustrated by examining the transformations of an invariant subgroup on the
noncommutative solitons, which generate deformations and boosts of solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114303 </DOCNO>
Destabilization of dark states and optical spectroscopy in


  We present a general discussion of the techniques of destabilizing dark
states in laser-driven atoms with either a magnetic field or modulated laser
polarization. We show that the photon scattering rate is maximized at a
particular evolution rate of the dark state. We also find that the atomic
resonance curve is significantly broadened when the evolution rate is far from
this optimum value. These results are illustrated with detailed examples of
destabilizing dark states in some commonly-trapped ions and supported by
insights derived from numerical calculations and simple theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81245 </DOCNO>
Nucleon axial charge from quenched lattice QCD with domain wall fermions


  In our previous DWF calculation with the Wilson gauge action at $\beta=6.0$
($a^{-1}\simeq$ 1.9 GeV) on a $16^3 \times 32 \times 16$ lattice, we found that
$\Ga$ had a fairly strong dependence on the quark mass. A simple linear
extrapolation of $\Ga$ to the chiral limit yielded a value that was almost a
factor of two smaller than the experimental one. Here we report our recent
study of this issue. In particular, we investigate possible errors arising from
finite lattice volume, especially in the lighter quark mass region. We employ a
RG-improved gauge action (DBW2), which maintains very good chiral behavior even
on a coarse lattice ($a^{-1}\simeq$ 1.3 GeV), in order to perform simulations
at large physical volume ($> (2{\rm fm})^3$). Our preliminary results suggest
that the finite volume effect is significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7496 </DOCNO>
Vortices in superconducting strips: interplay between surface effects


  Vortices in a narrow superconducting strip with a square array of pinning
sites are studied. The interactions of vortices with other vortices and with
external sources (applied magnetic field and transport current) are calculated
via a screened Coulomb model. The edge barrier is taken into account and shown
to have an important role on the system dynamics. Numerical simulations in this
approach show that the field dependent magnetic moment presents peaks
corresponding to history dependent configurations of the vortex lattice. Some
effects of the edge barrier on the I-V characteristics are also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149104 </DOCNO>
Matrix Model for De Sitter


  Based on a heuristic boost argument, we propose that the 4 dimensional de
Sitter space can be described by a spherical Chern-Simons matrix model near the
cosmological horizon, or models generalizing this simple choice. The dimension
of the Hilbert space is naturally finite. We also make some comments on
possible realization of holography in this approach, and on possible relation
to the conformal field theory approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75346 </DOCNO>
Resummation of angular dependent corrections in spontaneously broken


  Recent investigations of electroweak radiative corrections have revealed the
importance of higher order contributions in high energy processes, where the
size of typical corrections can exceed those associated with QCD considerably.
Beyond one loop, only universal (angular independent) corrections are known to
all orders except for massless $e^+ e^- \longrightarrow f {\overline f}$
processes where also angular dependent corrections exist in the literature. In
this paper we present general arguments for the consistent resummation of
angular dependent subleading (SL) logarithmic corrections to all orders in the
regime where all invariants are still large compared to the gauge boson masses.
We discuss soft isospin correlations, fermion mass and gauge boson mass gap
effects, the longitudinal and Higgs boson sector as well as mixing
contributions including CKM effects for massive quarks. Two loop arguments are
interpreted in the context of the effective high energy effective theory based
on the Standard Model Lagrangian in the symmetric basis with the appropriate
matching conditions to include the soft QED regime. The result is expressed in
exponentiated operator form in a CKM-extended isospin space in the symmetric
basis. Thus, a full electroweak SL treatment based on the infrared evolution
equation method is formulated for arbitrary high energy processes at future
colliders. Comparisons with known results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126915 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Sources in M101


  A deep (98.2 ks) Chandra Cycle-1 observation has revealed a wealth of
discrete X-ray sources as well as diffuse emission in the nearby face-on spiral
galaxy M101. From this rich dataset we have created a catalog of the 110
sources from the S3 chip detected with a significance of >3 sigma,
corresponding to a flux of ~1.0E-16 ergs/cm/cm/s and a luminosity of 1.0E36
ergs/s for a distance to M101 of 7.2 Mpc. The sources display a distinct
correlation with the spiral arms and include a variety of X-ray binaries,
supersoft sources, supernova remnants, and other objects of which only ~27 are
likely to be background sources. There are only a few sources in the interarm
regions, and most of these have X-ray colors consistent with that of background
AGNs. The derived log N-log S relation for the sources in M101 (background
subtracted) has a slope of -0.80+/-0.05 over the range of 1.0E36 - 1.0E38
ergs/s. The nucleus is resolved into 2 nearly identical X-ray sources, each
with a 0.5-2.0 keV flux of 4.0E37 ergs/s. One of these sources coincides with
the optical nucleus, and the other coincides with a cluster of stars 110 pc to
the south.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114326 </DOCNO>
Model selection for inverse problems: Best choice of basis functions and


  A complete solution for an inverse problem needs five main steps: choice of
basis functions for discretization, determination of the order of the model,
estimation of the hyperparameters, estimation of the solution, and finally,
characterization of the proposed solution. Many works have been done for the
three last steps. The first two have been neglected for a while, in part due to
the complexity of the problem. However, in many inverse problems, particularly
when the number of data is very low, a good choice of the basis functions and a
good selection of the order become primary. In this paper, we first propose a
complete solution within a Bayesian framework. Then, we apply the proposed
method to an inverse elastic electron scattering problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6334 </DOCNO>
Growth-Collapse Cycles of a Bose-Einstein Condensate with Attractive


  A Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms with attractive interactions exhibits
growth and collapse cycles, when it is fed by a thermal cloud. Recently this
phenomenon has been directly observed in a trapped Li-7 gas. We offer a
quantitative explanation of the data, on the basis of a model proposed earlier.
It is shown that the condensate wave function acquires a chaotic component
after the first collapse, indicating superfluid turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2274 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity of Rb$_3$C$_{60}$: breakdown of the Migdal-Eliashberg


  In this paper, through an exhaustive analysis within the Migdal-Eliashberg
theory, we show the incompatibility of experimental data of Rb$_3$C$_{60}$ with
the basic assumptions of the standard theory of superconductivity. For
different models of the electron-phonon spectral function $\alpha^2F(\Omega)$
we solve numerically the Eliashberg equations to find which values of the
electron-phonon coupling $\lambda$, of the logarithmic phonon frequency
$\Omega_{ln}$ and of the Coulomb pseudopotential $\mu^*$ reproduce the
experimental data of Rb$_3$C$_{60}$. We find that the solutions are essentially
independent of the particular shape of $\alpha^2F(\Omega)$ and that, to explain
the experimental data of Rb$_3$C$_{60}$, one has to resort to extremely large
couplings: $\lambda=3.0\pm 0.8$. This results differs from the usual partial
analyses reported up to now and we claim that this value exceeds the maximum
allowed $\lambda$ compatible with the crystal lattice stability. Moreover, we
show quantitatively that the obtained values of $\lambda$ and $\Omega_{ln}$
strongly violate Migdal's theorem and consequently are incompatible with the
Migdal-Eliashberg theory. One has therefore to consider the generalization of
the theory of superconductivity in the nonadiabatic regime to account for the
experimental properties of fullerides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86162 </DOCNO>
Self-dual gravity with topological terms


  The canonical analysis of the (anti-) self-dual action for gravity
supplemented with the (anti-) self-dual Pontrjagin term is carried out. The
effect of the topological term is to add a `magnetic' term to the original
momentum variable associated with the self-dual action leaving the Ashtekar
connection unmodified. In the new variables, the Gauss constraint retains its
form, while both vector and Hamiltonian constraints are modified. This shows,
the contribution of the Euler and Pontrjagin terms is not the same as that
coming from the term associated with the Barbero-Immirzi parameter, and thus
the analogy between the theta-angle in Yang-Mills theory and the
Barbero-Immirzi parameter of gravity is not appropriate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126587 </DOCNO>
A photometric and spectroscopic study of dwarf and giant galaxies in the


  This is the second paper in a series studying the photometric and
spectroscopic properties of galaxies of different luminosities in the Coma
cluster. The sample selection, spectroscopic observations and completeness
functions are presented here. To study the spectral properties of galaxies as a
function of their local environment, two fields were selected for spectroscopic
observations to cover both the core (Coma1) and outskirts (ie. south-west of
the core and centered on NGC4839)- (Coma3) of the cluster. Medium resolution
spectroscopy (6-9 \AA) was carried out for a total of 490 galaxies in both
fields (302 in Coma1 and 188 in Coma3), using the WYFFOS multi-fiber
spectrograph on the William Herschel Telescope. The galaxies cover a range of
$12 < R < 20$, corresponding to -23 < M_R < -15 (H0=65 km/sec/Mpc). The
redshifts are measured with an accuracy of 100 km/sec. The spectral line
strengths and equivalent widths are also measured for the same galaxies and
analysed in Poggianti et al (2001- paper III). A total of 189 (Coma1) and 90
(Coma3) galaxies are identified as members of the Coma cluster. An analysis of
the colors show that only two members of the Coma cluster in our sample have
B-R > 2. The completeness functions for the spectroscopic sample is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75847 </DOCNO>
Isospin Breaking in B -> K^* gamma Decays


  A calculation of the leading isospin-breaking contributions to the B -> K^*
gamma decay amplitudes based on the QCD factorization approach is presented.
They arise at order Lambda/m_b in the heavy-quark expansion and are due to
annihilation contributions from 4-quark operators, the chromo-magnetic dipole
operator, and charm penguins. In the Standard Model the decay rate for B^0 ->
K^{*0} gamma is predicted to be about 10-20 % larger than that for B^- ->
K^{*-} gamma. Isospin-breaking effects are a sensitive probe of the penguin
sector of the effective weak Hamiltonian. New Physics models in which the
hierarchy of B -> K^* gamma decay rates is either flipped or greatly enhanced
could be ruled out with more precise data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124985 </DOCNO>
Where Have All the Submillisecond Pulsars Gone?


  The existence of pulsars with spin period below one millisecond is expected,
though they have not been detected up to now. Their formation depends on the
quantity of matter accreted from the companion which, in turn, is limited by
the mechanism of mass ejection from the binary. Mass ejection must be
efficient, at least in some cases, in order to produce the observed population
of moderately fast spinning millisecond pulsars. First we demonstrate, in the
framework of the widely accepted recycling scenario, using a population
synthesis approach, that a significant number of pulsars with spin period below
one millisecond is expected. Then we propose that significant variations in the
mass-transfer rate may cause, in systems with orbital periods larger than 1 hr,
the switch-on of a radio pulsar whose radiation pressure is capable of ejecting
out of the system most of the matter transferred by the companion and prevent
any further accretion. We show how this mechanism could dramatically alter the
binary evolution since the mechanism that drives mass overflow from the inner
Lagrangian point is still active while the accretion is inhibited. Moreover we
demonstrate that the persistency of this ``radio ejection'' phase depends on
the binary orbital period, demonstrating that close systems (orbital periods
lower than 1 hr) are the only possible hosts for ultra fast spinning neutron
stars. This could explain why submillisecond pulsars have not been detected so
far, as current radio surveys are hampered by computational limitations with
respect to the detection of very short spin period pulsars in short orbital
period binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2088 </DOCNO>
Precision calculation of magnetization and specific heat of vortex


  A new systematic calculation of magnetization and specific heat contributions
of vortex liquids and solids (not very close to the melting line) is presented.
We develop an optimized perturbation theory for the Ginzburg - Landau
description of thermal fluctuations effects in the vortex liquids. The
expansion is convergent in contrast to the conventional high temperature
expansion which is asymptotic. In the solid phase we calculate first two orders
which are already quite accurate. The results are in good agreement with
existing Monte Carlo simulations and experiments. Limitations of various
nonperturbative and phenomenological approaches are noted. In particular we
show that there is no exact intersection point of the magnetization curves both
in 2D and 3D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81249 </DOCNO>
Dual Superconductivity and Chiral Symmetry in Full QCD


  A disorder parameter detecting dual superconductivity of the vacuum is
measured across the chiral phase transition in full QCD with two flavours of
dynamical staggered fermions. The observed behaviour is similar to the quenched
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114061 </DOCNO>
Measure representation and multifractal analysis of complete genomes


  This paper introduces the notion of measure representation of DNA sequences.
Spectral analysis and multifractal analysis are then performed on the measure
representations of a large number of complete genomes. The main aim of this
paper is to discuss the multifractal property of the measure representation and
the classification of bacteria. From the measure representations and the values
of the $D_{q}$ spectra and related $C_{q}$ curves, it is concluded that these
complete genomes are not random sequences. In fact, spectral analyses performed
indicate that these measure representations considered as time series, exhibit
strong long-range correlation. For substrings with length K=8, the $D_{q}$
spectra of all organisms studied are multifractal-like and sufficiently smooth
for the $C_{q}$ curves to be meaningful. The $C_{q}$ curves of all bacteria
resemble a classical phase transition at a critical point. But the 'analogous'
phase transitions of chromosomes of non-bacteria organisms are different. Apart
from Chromosome 1 of {\it C. elegans}, they exhibit the shape of double-peaked
specific heat function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95978 </DOCNO>
On Two Moduli Problems Concerning Number of Points and Equidistribution


  Problems of (i) precise (exact) bound for families of hyperelliptic curves
over prime finite fields and (ii) equidistribution of angles of Kloosterman
sums are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96129 </DOCNO>
On the topology of compact Stein surfaces


  In this paper we obtain the following results: (1) Any compact Stein surface
with boundary embeds naturally into a symplectic Lefschetz fibration over the
2-sphere. (2) There exists a minimal elliptic fibration over the 2-disk, which
is not Stein. (3) The circle bundle over a genus n>1 surface with euler number
e=-1 admits at least n+1 mutually non-homeomorphic simply-connected Stein
fillings. (4) Any surface bundle over the circle, whose fiber is a closed
surface of genus n>0 can be embedded into a closed symplectic 4-manifold,
splitting the symplectic 4-manifold into two pieces both of which have positive
b_2^+. (5) Every closed, oriented connected 3-manifold has a weakly
symplectically fillable double cover, branched along a 2-component link.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168248 </DOCNO>
A quantum evaporation effect


  A small momentum transfer to a particle interacting with a steep potential
barrier gives rise to a quantum evaporation effect which increases the
transmission appreciably. This effect results from the unexpectedly large
population of quantum states with energies above the height of the barrier. Its
characteristic properties are studied and an example of physical system in
which it may be observed is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40888 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Neutrino Oscillations Using 1258 Days of Super-Kamiokande


  We report the result of a search for neutrino oscillations using precise
measurements of the recoil electron energy spectrum and zenith angle variations
of the solar neutrino flux from 1258 days of neutrino-electron scattering data
in Super-Kamiokande. The absence of significant zenith angle variation and
spectrum distortion places strong constraints on neutrino mixing and mass
difference in a flux-independent way. Using the Super-Kamiokande flux
measurement in addition, two allowed regions at large mixing are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124328 </DOCNO>
The Cannonball Model of Gamma Ray Bursts: Lines in the X-Ray Afterglow


  Recent observations suggest that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows
are produced by jets of highly relativistic cannonballs (CBs), emitted in
supernova explosions. The fully ionized CBs cool to a temperature below 4500 K
within a day or two, at which point electron-proton recombination produces an
intense Lyman-$\alpha$ emission. The line energy is Doppler-shifted by the CBs'
motion to X-ray energies in the observer's frame. The measured line energies,
corrected for their cosmological redshift, imply Doppler factors in the range
600 to 1000, consistent with those estimated -in the CB model- from the
characteristics of the $\gamma$-ray bursts. All other observed properties of
the lines are also well described by the CB model. Scattering and
self-absorption of the recombination lines within the CB also produce a
wide-band flare-up in the GRB afterglow, as the observations indicate. A very
specific prediction of the CB model is that the X-ray lines ought to be narrow
and move towards lower line energies as they are observed: their current
apparently large widths would be the effect of time integration, and/or of the
blending of lines from CBs with different Doppler factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125610 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Superfluidity vs Observations of Cooling Neutron Stars


  Cooling simulations of neutron stars (NSs) are performed assuming that
stellar cores consist of neutrons, protons and electrons and using realistic
density profiles of superfluid critical temperatures $T_{cn}(\rho)$ and
$T_{cp}(\rho)$ of neutrons and protons. Taking a suitable profile of
$T_{cp}(\rho)$ with maximum $\sim 5 \times 10^9$ K one can obtain smooth
transition from slow to rapid cooling with increasing stellar mass. Adopting
the same profile one can explain the majority of observations of thermal
emission from isolated middle--aged NSs by cooling of NSs with different masses
either with no neutron superfluidity in the cores or with a weak superfluidity,
$T_{cn} < 10^8$ K. The required masses range from $\sim 1.2 M_\odot$ for (young
and hot) RX J0822-43 and (old and warm) PSR 1055-52 and RX J1856-3754 to
$\approx 1.45 M_\odot$ for the (colder) Geminga and Vela pulsars. Observations
constrain the $T_{cn}(\rho)$ and $T_{cp}(\rho)$ profiles with respect to the
threshold density of direct Urca process and maximum central density of NSs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96173 </DOCNO>
The Hilbert-Smith Conjecture


  The Hilbert-Smith Conjecture states that if G is a locally compact group
which acts effectively on a connected manifold as a topological transformation
group, then G is a Lie group. A rather straightforward proof of this conjecture
is given. The motivation is work of Cernavskii (``Finite-to-one mappings of
manifolds'', Trans. of Math. Sk. 65 (107), 1964.) His work is generalized to
the orbit map of an effective action of a p-adic group on compact connected
n-manifolds with the aid of some new ideas. There is no attempt to use Smith
Theory even though there may be similarities.
  It is well known that if a locally compact group acts effectively on a
connected n-manifold M and G is not a Lie group, then there is a subgroup H of
G isomorphic to a p-adic group A_p which acts effectively on M. It can be shown
that A_p can not act effectively on an n-manifold and, hence, The Hilbert Smith
Conjecture is true. The existence of a non empty fixed point set adds some
complexity to the proof. In this paper, it is shown that A_p can not act freely
on a compact connected n-manifold. The basic ideas for the general case are
more clearly seen in this case. The general proof will be given in another
paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6231 </DOCNO>
Quantum current enhancement effect in hybrid rings at equilibrium


  Current enhancement- a novel quantum phenomena is found to occur in a
mesoscopic hybrid ring at equilibrium. The hybrid system is described by a ring
with bubble which is in turn coupled to a reservoir. In the system the ring
encloses a magnetic flux $\Phi$ while the bubble does not enclose any flux. The
novelty of this work lies in the fact that while earlier current enhancement
was observed in non-equilibrium systems (e.g., a ring coupled to two reservoirs
at different chemical potentials $\mu_{1}$ and $\mu_{2}$), herein we prove that
current enhancement can also arise in equilibrium. In addition, we show that
the closed system analog of our chosen open hybrid ring system violates parity
effects. Finally, we bring to focus the discrepancy between the equilibrium
magnetic moment (obtained via energy eigenvalues) and that calculated from the
currents in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74694 </DOCNO>
On the Formation of Degenerate Heavy Neutrino Stars


  The dynamics of a self-gravitating cold Fermi gas is described using the
analogy with an interacting self-gravitating Bose condensate having the same
Thomas-Fermi limit. The dissipationless formation of a heavy neutrino star
through gravitational collapse and ejection of matter is demonstrated
numerically. Such neutrino stars offer an alternative to black holes for the
supermassive compact dark objects at the centers of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6991 </DOCNO>
Velocity Tails for Inelastic Maxwell Models


  We study the velocity distribution function for inelastic Maxwell models,
characterized by a Boltzmann equation with constant collision rate, independent
of the energy of the colliding particles. By means of a nonlinear analysis of
the Boltzmann equation, we find that the velocity distribution function decays
algebraically for large velocities, with exponents that are analytically
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148025 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal two-dimensional Yang-Mills- and generalized Yang-Mills-theories


  A generalization of the two-dimensional Yang-Mills and generalized Yang-Mills
theory is introduced in which the building B-F theory is nonlocal in the
auxiliary field. The classical and quantum properties of this nonlocal
generalization are investigated and it is shown that for large gauge groups,
there exist a simple correspondence between the properties a nonlocal theory
and its corresponding local theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129302 </DOCNO>
557 GHz Observations of Water Vapor Outflows from VY CMa and W Hydrae


  We report the first detection of thermal water vapor emission in the 557 GHz,
$1_{10} - 1_{01}$ ground state transition of ortho-H$_2$O toward VY Canis
Majoris. In observations obtained with the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy
Satellite (SWAS), we measured a flux of $\sim 450 $Jy, in a spectrally resolved
line centered on a velocity $v_{LSR} = 25 $km s$^{-1}$ with a full width half
maximum of $\sim 35$ km s$^{-1}$, somewhat dependent on the assumed line shape.
We analyze the line shape in the context of three different radial outflow
models for which we provide analytical expressions. We also detected a weaker
557 GHz emission line from W Hydrae. We find that these and other H$_2$O
emission line strengths scale as suggested by Zubko and Elitzur (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73457 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos Confronting Large Extra Dimensions


  We study neutrino physics in a model with one large extra dimension. We
assume the existence of two four-dimensional branes in the five-dimensional
space-time, one for the ordinary particles and the other one for mirror
particles, and we investigate neutrino masses and mixings in this scheme.
Comparison of experimental neutrino data with the predictions of the model
leads to various restrictions on the parameters of the model. For instance, the
size of the extra dimension, R, turns out to be bounded from below.
Cosmological considerations seem to favor a large R. The usual mixing schemes
proposed as solutions to the solar and atmospheric neutrino anomalies are
compatible with our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2649 </DOCNO>
Decoupling of superconducting layers in magnetic superconductor


  We propose the model for magnetic properties of the magnetic superconductor
RuSr$_{2}$GdCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$, which incorporates the theory of the
superconducting/ferromagnetic multilayers. The transition line $T_{d}(h)$, on
which the Josephson coupled superconducting planes are decoupled, i.e. $%
j_{c}(T_{d})=0$, is calculated as a function of the exchange energy $h$. As the
result of this decoupling a nonmonotonic behavior of magnetic properties, like
the lower critical field $H_{c1}$, Josephson plasma frequency, etc. is realized
near (or by crossing) the $T_{d}(h)$ line. The obtained results are used in
analyzing the newly discovered antiferromagnetic ruthenocuprate
RuSr$_{2}$GdCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$ with possible weak ferromagnetic order in the RuO
planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76875 </DOCNO>
Quasiquarks in two stream system


  We study the collective quark excitations in an extremely anisotropic system
of two interpenetrating streams of the quark-gluon plasma. In contrast to the
gluon modes, all quark ones appear to be stable in such a system. Even more,
the quark modes in the two-stream system are very similar to those in the
isotropic plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126297 </DOCNO>
Merging Binary Clusters


  We study three prominent bi-modal X-ray clusters: A3528, A1750 and A3395.
Using observations taken with ROSAT and ASCA, we analyze the temperature and
surface brightness distributions. We also analyze the velocity distributions of
the three clusters using new measurements supplemented with previously
published data. We examine both the overall cluster properties, as well as the
two sub-cluster elements in each. These results are then applied to the
determination of the overall cluster masses, and demonstrate excellent
consistency between the various methods used. While the characteristic
parameters of the sub-clusters are typical of isolated objects, our temperature
results for the regions between the two sub-clusters clearly confirm the
presence of merger activity. These three clusters represent a progression of
equal-sized sub-cluster mergers, starting from initial contact to immediately
before first core passage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97394 </DOCNO>
Extensions of Quandles and Cocycle Knot Invariants


  Quandle cocycles are constructed from extensions of quandles. The theory is
parallel to that of group cohomology and group extensions. An interpretation of
quandle cocycle invariants as obstructions to extending knot colorings is
given, and is extended to links component-wise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3354 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of an NP-complete Problem: Subset Sum


  We study statistical properties of an NP-complete problem, the subset sum,
using the methods and concepts of statistical mechanics. The problem is a
generalization of the number partitioning problem, which is also an NP-complete
problem and has been studied in the physics literature. The asymptotic
expressions for the number of solutions are obtained. These results applied to
the number partitioning problem as a special case are compared with those which
were previously obtained by a different method. We discuss the limit of
applicability of the techniques of statistical mechanics to the present
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73711 </DOCNO>
The origin of quark and lepton mixings


  We propose a model for the mass matrices of quarks and leptons based on two
Abelian flavor symmetries. One is assumed to be broken at a high energy region
near the Planck scale. It is used for the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism in both
quark and charged lepton sectors. Another one remains unbroken to a multi-TeV
region. The mixings among neutrinos and gauginos including the one of the new
Abelian symmetry generate non-zero masses and mixings among neutrinos. A
bi-maximal scheme for the neutrino oscillation can be realized together with
suitable masses and CKM-mixings in the quark sector. FCNC constraints on this
flavor dependent Abelian symmetry seems to be evaded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96460 </DOCNO>
On an invariant related to a linear inequality


  Let A be an m-dimensional vector with positive real entries. Let A_{i,j} be
the vector obtained from A on deleting the entries A_i and A_j. We investigate
some invariant and near invariants related to the solutions E (m-2 dimensional
vectors with entries either +1 or -1) of the linear inequality |A_i-A_j| <
<E,A_{i,J}> < A_i+A_j, where <,> denotes the usual inner product. One of our
methods relates, by the use of Rademacher functions, integrals involving
trigonometric quantities to these quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4413 </DOCNO>
Optimal immunisation of complex networks


  Complex networks such as the sexual partnership web or the Internet often
show a high degree of redundancy and heterogeneity in their connectivity
properties. This peculiar connectivity, however, provides an ideal environment
for the spreading of biological or digital infective agents. Here we show that
the random uniform immunisation of individuals does not lead to the eradication
of infections in all complex networks. Namely, networks with scale-free
properties do not acquire global immunity from major epidemic outbreaks even in
the presence of unrealistically high densities of randomly immunised
individuals. The absence of any critical immunisation threshold is due to the
unbounded connectivity fluctuations of scale-free networks. Successful
immunisation strategies can be developed only by taking into account the
inhomogeneous connectivity properties of scale-free networks. In particular,
{\em targeted} immunisation programmes, based on the nodes' connectivity
hierarchy, sharply lower the network's vulnerability to epidemic attacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2201 </DOCNO>
The density functional theory of classical fluids revisited


  We reconsider the density functional theory of nonuniform classical fluids
from the point of view of convex analysis. From the observation that the
logarithm of the grand-partition function $\log \Xi [\phi]$ is a convex
functional of the external potential $\phi$ it is shown that the Kohn-Sham free
energy ${\cal A}[\rho]$ is a convex functional of the density $\rho$. $\log \Xi
[\phi]$ and ${\cal A}[\rho]$ constitute a pair of Legendre transforms and each
of these functionals can therefore be obtained as the solution of a variational
principle. The convexity ensures the unicity of the solution in both cases. The
variational principle which gives $\log \Xi [\phi]$ as the maximum of a
functional of $\rho$ is precisely that considered in the density functional
theory while the dual principle, which gives ${\cal A}[\rho]$ as the maximum of
a functional of $\phi$ seems to be a new result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129169 </DOCNO>
High Energy Radiation Generated at Boundary Shear Layers of Relativistic


  A simple model of cosmic ray electron acceleration at the jet boundary
(Ostrowski 2000) yields a power-law particle energy distribution of
ultrarelativistic electrons with an energy cut-off growing with time and
finally, a growing particle bump at the energy, where energy gains equal
radiation losses. For such electron distribution, in tens-of-kpc scale jets, we
derived the observed time varying spectra of synchrotron and inverse-Compton
radiation, including comptonization of synchrotron and cosmic microwave
background photons. Slowly varying spectral index along the jet in the
`low-frequency' spectral range is a natural consequence of boundary layer
acceleration. Variations of the high energy bump of the electron distribution
can give rise to anomalous behaviour in X-ray band in comparison to the lower
frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86080 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Creation of Vector Bosons and Fermions


  The cosmological creation of primordial vector bosons and fermions is
described in the Standard Model of strong and electro-weak interactions given
in a space-time with the relative standard of measurement of geometric
intervals. Using the reparametrization - invariant perturbation theory and the
holomorphic representation of quantized fields we derive equations for the
Bogoliubov coefficients and distribution functions of created particles. The
main result is the intensive cosmological creation of longitudinal Z and W
bosons (due to their mass singularity) by the universe in the rigid state. We
introduce the hypothesis that the decay of the primordially created vector
bosons is the origin of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128538 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of the EIS Candidate Clusters: Confirmation of z<0.6


  We use public V-band imaging data from the wide-angle surveys conducted by
the ESO Imaging Survey project (EIS) to further investigate the nature of the
EIS galaxy cluster candidates. These were originally identified by applying a
matched-filter algorithm which used positional and photometric data of the
galaxy sample extracted from the I-band survey images. In this paper, we apply
the same technique to the galaxy sample extracted from V-band data and compare
the new cluster detections with the original ones. We find that ~75% of the
low-redshift cluster candidates (z<0.6) are detected in both passbands and
their estimated redshifts show good agreement with the scatter in the redshift
differences being consistent with the estimated errors of the method. For the
``robust'' I-band detections the matching frequency approaches ~85%. We also
use the available (V-I) color to search for the red sequence of early-type
galaxies observed in rich clusters over a broad range of redshifts. This is
done by searching for a simultaneous overdensity in the three-dimensional
color-projected distance space. We find significant overdensities for ~75% of
the ``robust'' candidates with z_I<0.6. We find good agreement between the
characteristic color associated to the detected "red sequence" and that
predicted by passive evolution galaxy models for ellipticals at the redshift
estimated by the matched-filter. The results presented in this paper show the
usefulness of color data, even of two-band data, to both tentatively confirm
cluster candidates and to select possible cluster members for spectroscopic
observations. Based on the present results, we estimate that ~150 EIS clusters
with z_I<0.6 are real, making it one of the largest samples of galaxy clusters
in this redshift range currently available in the southern hemisphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3418 </DOCNO>
Chemical bonding, elasticity, and valence force field models: a case


  We have carried out a detailed study of the chemical bonding for two
room-temperature stable platinum silicide phases, tetragonal alpha-Pt_2Si and
orthorhombic PtSi. An analysis of the valence electronic charge density reveals
surprising evidence of covalent three-center bonds in both silicide phases, as
well as two-dimensional metallic sheets in alpha-Pt_2Si. These elements of the
bonding are further analyzed by constructing valence force field models using
the results from recent first principles calculations of the six (nine)
independent, non-zero elastic constants of alpha-Pt_2Si (PtSi). The resulting
volume-, radial-, and angular-dependent force constants provide insight into
the relative strength of various bonding elements as well as the trends
observed in the elastic constants themselves. The valence force field analysis
yields quantitative information about the nature of the chemical bonding which
is not easily discernable from the more qualitative charge density plots. More
generally, this study demonstrates that the detailed variations in the elastic
constants of a material contain useful information about the chemical bonds
which can be extracted using valence force field models. Inversely, these
models also allow identification of specific elements of the chemical bonding
with particular trends in the elastic constants, both within a given material
and among a class of related materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75442 </DOCNO>
Coherent Betatron Oscillation and Induced Errors in the Experimental


  Precision measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon depend on
the correct collective mode assignment of the coherent betatron oscillations in
the beam. Presently, there is a disagreement between experiment and theory for
the horizontal betatron frequency. The discrepancy is here resolved by our
computations of electrostatic beam focusing. The correct treatment of the
betatron effects renders less likely the need for non-standard model
corrections to the muon g-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127203 </DOCNO>
The Properties of Brightest Cluster Galaxies in X-Ray Selected Clusters


  We present the K-band Hubble diagram for 162 brightest cluster galaxies
(BCGs) in X-ray selected clusters, 0.01<z<0.83. The sample incorporates that of
Burke, Collins, & Mann (2000) and includes additional infrared data from the
2MASS extended source catalogue. We show that below z=0.1 the BCGs show no
correlation with their environment, however, above z=0.1 BCGs in more X-ray
luminous clusters are more uniform in their photometric properties. This
suggests that there may be two populations of BCGs which have different
evolutionary histories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96372 </DOCNO>
Fuglede conjecture holds for convex planar domains


  Let $\Omega$ be a compact convex domain in the plane. We prove that
$L^2(\Omega)$ has an orthogonal basis of exponentials if and only if $\Omega$
tiles the plane by translation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168671 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion Experiment to Measure Both Photon


  Recent work using spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) has made
possible investigations of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox in its original
(position-momentum) form. We propose an experiment that uses SPDC photon pairs
to measure through which slit a photon passes while simultaneously observing
double-slit interference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7363 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence and anisotropy of the bulk upper critical field


  The bulk upper critical field H_{c2}(T) of superconducting MgB_2 and its
anisotropy are established by analyzing experimental data on the temperature
and magnetic field dependences of the ab-plane thermal conductivity of a
single-crystalline sample in external magnetic fields oriented both parallel
(H_{c2}^c) and perpendicular (H_{c2}^{ab}) to the c axis of the hexagonal
lattice. From numerical fits we deduce the anisotropy ratio \gamma_0 =
H_{c2}^{ab}(0) / H_{c2}^c(0)=4.2 at T=0 K. Both the values and the temperature
dependences of H_{c2}^c and H_{c2}^{ab} are distinctly different from previous
claims based on measurements of the electrical resistivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75756 </DOCNO>
Quantum Electrodynamics is free from the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox


  I show that Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) predicts a sort of uncertainty
principle on the number of the "soft photons" that can be produced in
coincidence with the particles that are observed in any EPR experiment. This
result is argued to be sufficient to remove the original EPR paradox. A
signature of this soft-photons solution of the EPR paradox would be the
observation of apparent symmetry violation in single events. On the other hand,
in the case of the EPR experiments that have actually been realized, the QED
correlations are argued to be very close to those calculated by the previous,
incomplete treatment, which showed a good agreement with the data. Finally, the
usual interpretation of the correlations themselves as a real sign of
nonlocality is also criticized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148603 </DOCNO>
E_11 and M Theory


  We argue that eleven dimensional supergravity can be described by a
non-linear realisation based on the group E_{11}. This requires a formulation
of eleven dimensional supergravity in which the gravitational degrees of
freedom are described by two fields which are related by duality. We show the
existence of such a description of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 983 </DOCNO>
Theoretical issues in spin-based quantum dot quantum computation


  We review our recent work addressing various theoretical issues in spin-based
quantum dot quantum computation and quantum information processing. In
particular, we summarize our calculation of electron exchange interaction in
two-electron double quantum dots and multi-electron double dots, and discuss
the physical implication of our results. We also discuss possible errors and
how they can be corrected in spin-based quantum dot quantum computation. We
critically assess the constraints and conditions required for building
spin-based solid state quantum dot quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126859 </DOCNO>
N=Z Waiting Point Nucleus $^{68}$Se: Collective Rotation and High-K


  The structure of collective states and quasi-particle excitations in
$^{68}$Se is analyzed by using the projected shell model. It is found that the
$g_{9/2}$ orbitals play a decisive role for the structure of this nucleus. At
the prolate minimum, alignment of the low-K states causes the observed first
backbending in moment of inertia and we predict a second backbending that has
not yet been reported. At the oblate minimum, quasi-particles having high-K can
form long-lived isomeric states. The structure of $^{68}$Se is discussed with
respect to the isomers and their possible impact on the determination of its
nuclear mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128894 </DOCNO>
Radiation drag driven mass accretion in clumpy interstellar medium:


  We quantitatively scrutinize the effects of the radiation drag arising from
the radiation fields in a galactic bulge in order to examine the possibility
that the radiation drag could be an effective mechanism to extract angular
momentum in a spheroidal system like a bulge and allow plenty of gas to accrete
onto the galactic center. For this purpose, we numerically solve the
relativistic radiation hydrodynamical equation coupled with the accurate
radiative transfer and quantitatively assess the radiation drag efficiency. As
a result, we find that in an optically thick regime the radiation drag
efficiency is sensitively dependent on the density distributions of
interstellar medium (ISM). The efficiency drops according to $\tau_{\rm
T}^{-2}$ in an optically thick {\it uniform} ISM, where $\tau_{\rm T}$ is the
total optical depth of the dusty ISM, whereas the efficiency remains almost
constant at a high level if the ISM is {\it clumpy}. Hence, if the bulge
formation begins with a star formation event in a clumpy ISM, the radiation
drag will effectively work to remove the angular momentum and the accreted gas
may form a supermassive black hole. As a natural consequence, this mechanism
reproduces a putative linear relation between the mass of a supermassive black
hole and the mass of a galactic bulge, although further detailed modeling for
stellar evolution is required for the more precise prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76378 </DOCNO>
The Chiral Odd Nucleon Tensor Charge


  Exploiting the phenomenological symmetry of the $J^{PC}=1^{+-}$ light axial
vector mesons and using pole dominance, we calculate the flavor contributions
to the nucleon tensor charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6904 </DOCNO>
Exact Persistence Exponent for One-dimensional Potts Models with


  We obtain \theta_p(q) = 2\theta_s(q) for one-dimensional q-state
ferromagnetic Potts models evolving under parallel dynamics at zero temperature
from an initially disordered state, where \theta_p(q) is the persistence
exponent for parallel dynamics and \theta_s(q) = -{1/8}+
\frac{2}{\pi^2}[cos^{-1}{(2-q)/q\sqrt{2}}]^2 [PRL, {\bf 75}, 751, (1995)], the
persistence exponent under serial dynamics. This result is a consequence of an
exact, albeit non-trivial, mapping of the evolution of configurations of Potts
spins under parallel dynamics to the dynamics of two decoupled reaction
diffusion systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81252 </DOCNO>
Confinement and monopole condensation: some properties of the disorder


  We demonstrate that the disorder parameter $<\mu>$ to detect dual
superconductivity in the confining phase of QCD is the v.e.v. of a magnetically
charged, Dirac like, gauge invariant operator $\mu$. We also show that the
abelian projection on the lattice is determined up to terms O(a^2) (a = lattice
spacing).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179736 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal calculation for nonstrange dibaryons and tribaryons


  We study the possible existence of nonstrange dibaryons and tribaryons by
solving the bound-state problem of the two- and three-body systems composed of
nucleons and deltas. The two-body systems are $NN$, $N\Delta$, and
$\Delta\Delta$, while the three-body systems are $NNN$, $NN\Delta$,
$N\Delta\Delta$, and $\Delta\Delta\Delta$. We use as input the nonlocal $NN$,
$N\Delta$, and $\Delta\Delta$ potentials derived from the chiral quark cluster
model by means of the resonating group method. We compare with previous results
obtained from the local version based on the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97625 </DOCNO>
Proof of the Conjecture that the Planar Self-Avoiding Walk has Root Mean


  This paper proves the long-standing open conjecture rooted in chemical
physics (Flory (1949)) that the self-avoiding walk (SAW) in the square lattice
has root mean square displacement exponent \nu= 3/4. This value is an instance
of the formula \nu=1 on Z and \nu = max(1/2, 1/4 + 1/d) in Z^d for dimensions d
\geq 2, which will be proved in a subsequent paper. This expression differs
from the one that Flory's arguments suggested. We consider (a) the point
process of self-intersections defined via certain paths of the symmetric simple
random walk in Z^2 and (b) a ``weakly self-avoiding cone process'' relative to
this point process when in a certain "shape". We derive results on the
asymptotic expected distance of the weakly SAW with parameter \beta>0 from its
starting point, from which a number of distance exponents are immediately
collectable for the SAW as well. Our method employs the Palm distribution of
the point process of self-intersection points in a cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6854 </DOCNO>
Symmetry Properties of the k-Body Embedded Unitary Ensemble of Random


  We extend the recent study of the k-body embedded Gaussian ensembles by Benet
et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 101601-1 and Ann. Phys. 292 (2001) 67) and
by Asaga et al. (cond-mat/0107363 and cond-mat/ 0107364). We show that central
results of these papers can be derived directly from the symmetry properties of
both, the many-particle states and the random k-body interaction. We offer new
insight into the structure of the matrix of second moments of the embedded
ensemble, and of the supersymmetry approach. We extend the concept of the
embedded ensemble and define it purely group-theoretically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2672 </DOCNO>
Less singular quasicrystals: life in low codimensions


  The Rauzy tilings were proposed recently in a generalisation of the Fibonacci
chain by Vidal and Mosseri. These tilings have a particularly simple
theoretical description, making them appealing candidates for analytical
solutions for electronic properties. We show by a numerical study of
statistical properties of the tight-binding spectra that these tilings fall in
an intermediate category between the crystal and the quasicrystal, i.e. in a
class of almost integrable models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86713 </DOCNO>
Linking and causality in (2+1)-dimensional static spacetimes


  Given a (d+1)-dimensional spacetime (M,g), one can consider the set N of all
its null geodesics. If (M,g) is globally hyperbolic then this set is naturally
a smooth (2d-1)-manifold. The sky of an event x in M is the set X of all null
geodesics through x, and is an embedded submanifold of N diffeomorphic to
S^{d-1}. Low conjectured that if d=2 then x,y are causally related in M iff X,Y
are linked in N. We prove Low's conjecture for a (large) class of static
spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87301 </DOCNO>
Tolman-Bondi collapse in scalar-tensor theories as a probe of


  In cosmological models with a varying gravitational constant, it is not clear
whether primordial black holes preserve the value of $G$ at their formation
epoch. We investigate this question by using the Tolman-Bondi model to study
the evolution of a background scalar field when a black hole forms from the
collapse of dust in a flat Friedmann Universe. Providing the back reaction of
the scalar field on the metric can be neglected, we find that the value of the
scalar field at the event horizon very quickly assumes the background
cosmological value. This suggests that there is very little gravitational
memory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127025 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of the Narrow-Line Region in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy Mrk 3


  We present measurements of radial velocities for the narrow-line region gas
(NLR) in the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 3 out to ~1 kpc from the nucleus. The
observations consist of two datasets, both using the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope: 1) An [O III] slitless
spectrum with the G430M grating of the inner 3" around the nucleus, and 2) a
long-slit observation centered on the nucleus (PA = 71 deg) using the G430L
grating and the 52" x 0".1 aperture. Our results produce radial velocity maps
of the emission-line gas. These maps indicate general trends in the gas motion,
which include: blueshifts and redshifts on either side of the nucleus, steep
velocity rises from systemic up to ~ +/-700 km/s taking place in the inner 0".3
(0.8 kpc) both east and west of the nucleus, gradual velocity descents back to
near-systemic values from 0".3-1".0, slightly uneven velocity amplitudes on
each side of the nucleus, and narrow velocity ranges over the entire observed
region. When fitted to kinematic modeling programs for the NLR gas, the data
clearly favor a model where the gas exists in a partially filled bicone, is
accelerated radially away from the nucleus, and is followed by a constant
deceleration. This geometry and general kinematic model is in agreement with
previous work done on the NLR gas of NGC 1068 and NGC 4151. On scales of
hundreds of parsecs, we conclude that radial outflow may be a common feature of
Seyfert galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95811 </DOCNO>
Unitary representations of $U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}(2,\RR))$, the modular


  The paper deals with the analytic theory of the quantum q-deformed Toda
chain; the technique used combines the methods of representation theory and the
Quantum Inverse Scattering Method. The key phenomenon which is under scrutiny
is the role of the modular duality concept (first discovered by L.Faddeev) in
the representation theory of noncompact semisimple quantum groups. Explicit
formulae for the Whittaker vectors are presented in terms of the double sine
functions and the wave functions of the N-particle q-deformed open Toda chain
are given as a multiple integral of the Mellin-Barnes type. For the periodic
chain the two dual Baxter equations are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179489 </DOCNO>
ISI and FSI in NN-->NNX reactions


  The present status of the theoretical description of Initial (ISI) and Final
State Interactions (FSI) in nucleon induced exclusive meson production
processes close to threshold is reviewed. Shortcomings are addressed and new
perspectives given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41737 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production and Spectroscopy at HERA


  Production of final states containing open charm and beauty quarks at HERA is
reviewed. Photoproduction (PHP) of the charm meson resonances D^*, D^0 and D_s,
as well as D^* production in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) regime, are
measured and compared to QCD predictions. The excited charm mesons D^0_1(2420),
D^{*0}_2(2460) and D^{+-}_{s1}(2536) have been observed and the rates of charm
quarks hadronising to these mesons were extracted. A search for radially
excited charm mesons has been performed. PHP and DIS beauty cross sections are
higher than expected in next-to-leading order QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7542 </DOCNO>
Robustness of the in-degree exponent for the world-wide web


  We consider a stochastic model for directed scale-free networks following
power-laws in the degree distributions in both incoming and outgoing
directions. In our model, the number of vertices grow geometrically with time
with growth rate p. At each time step, (i) each newly introduced vertex is
connected to a constant number of already existing vertices with the
probability linearly proportional to the in-degree of a selected vertex, and
(ii) each existing vertex updates its outgoing edges through a stochastic
multiplicative process with mean growth rate of outgoing edges g and variance
$\sigma^2$. Using both analytic treatment and numerical simulations, we show
that while the out-degree exponent $\gamma_{\rm out}$ depends on the
parameters, the in-degree exponent $\gamma_{\rm in}$ has two distinct values,
$\gamma_{\rm in}=2$ for $p > g$ and 1 for $p < g$, independent of different
parameters values. The latter case has logarithmic correction to the power-law.
Since the vertex growth rate p is larger than the degree growth rate g for
the world-wide web (www) nowadays, the in-degree exponent appears robust as
$\gamma_{\rm in}=2$ for the www.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1935 </DOCNO>
Classification of the pairing transition in finite fermionic systems


  In this work we employ a simple pairing interaction model in order to study
and classify an eventual pairing phase transition in finite fermionic systems.
We show that systems with as few as 10-16 fermions can exhibit clear features
reminiscent of a phase transition. To classify the nature of the transition we
apply two different numerical methods, one based on standard thermodymanics,
and another based on a recently proposed scheme by Borrmann et al. [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 84, 3511 (2000)]. The transition is shown to be of second order, in
agreement with results for infinite fermionic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126594 </DOCNO>
Synergy Between Observations of AGN with GLAST and MAXI - Detecting


  The EGRET instrument onboard of CGRO detected a number of gamma-ray flares
from blazars, and it is expected that GLAST, to be launched in 2006, should
detect many more such flares. These flares should be preceded by X-ray
precursors, and the MAXI All-Sky Monitor, to be deployed around the time of
launch of GLAST, is likely to detect such precursors. This paper highlights the
interesting new insights into the structure of jets in blazars that may result
from simultaneous X-ray and gamma-ray observations. In particular, it addresses
the expected temporal relationship between the precursors and flares, and the
expected luminosities of the precursors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127823 </DOCNO>
Modeling the corona of AB Doradus


  We present a technique that combines Zeeman Doppler imaging (ZDI) principles
with a potential field mapping prescription in order to gain more information
about the surface field topology of rapid rotators. This technique is an
improvement on standard ZDI, which can sometimes suffer from the suppression of
one vector component due to the effects of stellar inclination, poor phase
coverage or lack of flux from dark areas on the surface. Defining a
relationship beween the different vector components allows information from one
component to compensate for reduced information in another. We present
simulations demonstrating the capability of this technique and discuss its
prospects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1639 </DOCNO>
Disappearance of Ensemble-Averaged Josephson Current in Dirty SNS


  We discuss the Josephson current in superconductor / dirty normal conductor /
superconductor junctions, where the superconductors have $d_{x^2-y^2}$ pairing
symmetry. The low-temperature behavior of the Josephson current depends on the
orientation angle between the crystalline axis and the normal of the junction
interface. We show that the ensemble-averaged Josephson current vanishes when
the orientation angle is $\pi/4$ and the normal conductor is in the diffusive
transport regime. The $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave pairing symmetry is responsible for
this fact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95838 </DOCNO>
Boundary Conditions for Singular Perturbations of Self-Adjoint Operators


  Let $A:D(A)\subseteq\H\to\H$ be an injective self-adjoint operator and let
$\tau:D(A)\to\X$, $\X$ a Banach space, be a surjective linear map such that
$\|\tau\phi\|_\X\le c \|A\phi\|_\H$. Supposing that \text{\rm Range}$
(\tau')\cap\H' =\left\{0\right\}$, we define a family $A^\tau_\Theta$ of
self-adjoint operators which are extensions of the symmetric operator
$A_{|\left\{\tau=0\right\}\right.}$. Any $\phi$ in the operator domain
$D(A^\tau_\Theta)$ is characterized by a sort of boundary conditions on its
univocally defined regular component $\phireg$, which belongs to the completion
of $D(A)$ w.r.t. the norm $\|A\phi\|_\H$. These boundary conditions are written
in terms of the map $\tau$, playing the role of a trace (restriction) operator,
as $\tau\phireg=\Theta Q_\phi$, the extension parameter $\Theta$ being a
self-adjoint operator from $\X'$ to $\X$. The self-adjoint extension is then
simply defined by $A^\tau_\Theta\phi:=A \phireg$. The case in which
$A\phi=T*\phi$ is a convolution operator on $\LD$, $T$ a distribution with
compact support, is studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148743 </DOCNO>
A note on the decay of noncommutative solitons


  We propose an ansatz for the equations of motion of the noncommutative model
of a tachyonic scalar field interacting with a gauge field, which allows one to
find time-dependent solutions describing decaying solitons. These correspond to
the collapse of lower dimensional branes obtained through tachyon condensation
of unstable brane systems in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128873 </DOCNO>
Turbulent viscosity in clumpy accretion disks. Application to the Galaxy


  The equilibrium state of a turbulent clumpy gas disk is analytically
investigated. The disk consists of distinct self-gravitating clouds.
Gravitational cloud-cloud interactions transfer energy over spatial scales and
produce a viscosity, which allows mass accretion in the gas disk. Turbulence is
assumed to be generated by instabilities involving self-gravitation and to be
maintained by the energy input from differential rotation and mass transfer.
Disk parameters, global filling factors, molecular fractions, and star
formation rates are derived. The application of our model to the Galaxy shows
good agreement with observations. They are consistent with the scenario where
turbulence generated and maintained by gravitation can account for the
viscosity in the gas disk of spiral galaxies. The role of the galaxy mass for
the morphological classification of spiral galaxies is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76147 </DOCNO>
Higgs plus two jet production at LHC and VLHC


  We consider gluon-fusion and weak-boson fusion production of Higgs plus two
jets in pp collisions at sqrt{s}=14 TeV (LHC) and sqrt{s}=50, 100, 200 TeV
(VLHC). We give cross sections for Higgs masses between 115 GeV and 200 GeV,
and discuss the experimental cuts that should be applied in order to enhance
the weak-boson fusion contribution with respect to the gluon-fusion background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73873 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluctuations in brane-world inflation without inflaton on the


  A Randall-Sundrum type brane-cosmological model in which slow-roll inflation
on the brane is driven solely by a bulk scalar field was recently proposed by
Himemoto and Sasaki. We analyze their model in detail and calculate the quantum
fluctuations of the bulk scalar field $\phi$ with $m^2=V''(\phi)$. We decompose
the bulk scalar field into the infinite mass spectrum of 4-dimensional fields;
the field with the smallest mass-square, called the zero-mode, and the
Kaluza-Klein modes above it with a mass gap. We find the zero-mode dominance of
the classical solution holds if $|m^2|\bar\ell^2\ll1$, where $\bar{\ell}$ is
the curvature radius of the effectively anti-de Sitter bulk, but it is violated
if $|m^2|\bar\ell^2\gg1$, though the violation is very small. Then we evaluate
the vacuum expectation value $<\delta\phi^2>$ on the brane. We find the
zero-mode contribution completely dominates if $|m^2|\bar{\ell}^2\ll 1$ similar
to the case of classical background. In contrast, we find the Kaluza-Klein
contribution is small but non-negligible if the value of $|m^2|\bar{\ell}^2$ is
large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169330 </DOCNO>
A reformulation of the Hilbert's tenth problem through Quantum Mechanics


  Inspired by Quantum Mechanics, we reformulate the Hilbert's tenth problem in
the domain of integer arithmetics into a problem involving a set of coupled
differential equations. Analytical and numerical studies of the differential
equations will either themselves settle and/or be of crucial assistance for
some physical implementation of an adiabatic quantum algorithm to determine the
existence of solutions for the particular Diophantine equation in question.
Either way, Mathematics and Physics could be combined for the Hilbert's tenth
problem and for the notion of effective computability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125382 </DOCNO>
High Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in the 2000 Outburst of the


  We present an analysis of the high frequency timing properties of the
April-May 2000 outburst of the black hole candidate and Galactic microquasar
XTE J1550-564, measured with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. The rapid X-ray
variability we measure is consistent with the source being in either the ``very
high'' or ``intermediate'' black hole state. Strong (5-8% rms) quasi-periodic
oscillations (QPOs) are found between 249-276 Hz; this represents the first
detection of the same high frequency QPO in subsequent outbursts of a transient
black hole candidate. We also present evidence for lower-frequency QPOs at
approximately 188 Hz (3.5 sigma, single trial), also reported previously and
likely present simultaneously with the higher-frequency QPOs. We discuss these
findings within the context of the 1998 outburst of XTE J1550-564, and comment
on implications for models of QPOs, accretion flows, and black hole spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98966 </DOCNO>
Scattering phase shift for relativistic exponential-type separable


  The J-matrix method of scattering is used to obtain analytic expressions for
the phase shift of two classes of relativistic exponential-type separable
potentials whose radial component is either of the general form r^(n-1)exp(-r)
or r^(2n)exp(-r^2), where n = 0, 1, or 2. The rank of these separable
potentials is n + 1. The nonrelativistic limit is obtained and shown to be
identical to the nonrelativistic phase shift. An exact numerical evaluation for
higher order potentials (n > 2) can also be obtained in a simple way as
illustrated for the case n = 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128214 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Background Imager


  Design and performance details are given for the Cosmic Background Imager
(CBI), an interferometer array that is measuring the power spectrum of
fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) for multipoles
in the range 400 < l < 3500. The CBI is located at an altitude of 5000 m in the
Atacama Desert in northern Chile. It is a planar synthesis array with 13 0.9-m
diameter antennas on a 6-m diameter tracking platform. Each antenna has a
cooled, low-noise receiver operating in the 26-36 GHz band. Signals are
cross-correlated in an analog filterbank correlator with ten 1 GHz bands. This
allows spectral index measurements which can be used to distinguish CMBR
signals from diffuse galactic foregrounds. A 1.2 kHz 180-deg phase switching
scheme is used to reject cross-talk and low-frequency pick-up in the signal
processing system. The CBI has a 3-axis mount which allows the tracking
platform to be rotated about the optical axis, providing improved (u,v)
coverage and a powerful discriminant against false signals generated in the
receiving electronics. Rotating the tracking platform also permits polarization
measurements when some of the antennas are configured for the orthogonal
polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124247 </DOCNO>
Linear nonadiabatic properties of SX Phoenicis variables


  We present a detailed linear, nonadiabatic pulsational scenario for
oscillating Blue Stragglers (BSs)/SX Phoenicis (SX Phe) in Galactic Globular
Clusters (GGCs) and in Local Group (LG) dwarf galaxies. The sequences of models
were constructed by adopting a wide range of input parameters and properly
cover the region of the HR diagram in which these objects are expected to be
pulsationally unstable. Current calculations together with more metal-rich
models already presented by Gilliland et al. suggest that the pulsation
properties of SX Phe are partially affected by metal content. Our calculations
also suggest that the secular period change seems to be a good observable to
identify the pulsation mode of cooler SX Phe variables. The dependence of
pulsation properties on the helium envelope content is discussed and we find
that the secular period change for He-enhanced models is approximately a factor
of two larger than for canonical ones. According to this evidence we suggest
that the pulsation properties of SX Phe can be soundly adopted to constrain the
evolutionary history of BSs, and in turn to single out the physical mechanisms
which trigger their formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148050 </DOCNO>
From noncommutative string/membrane to ordinary ones


  We discuss origin of equivalence between noncommutative and ordinary
Yang-Mills from point of view of string theory. Working in BRST/Hamiltonian
framework first we investigate string model in the decoupling limit and show
that change of variables and applying the conversion of constraints of
decoupled string theory gives commuting coordinates on the D-brane. Also, we
discuss algebra of constraints in general case and show the ways of having
commutative coordinates without going to decoupling limit. It could be argued
that noncommutative string in B-field is equivalent to the commutative model.
We investigate the case of the membrane ending on the M-5-brane in constant
C-field and discuss noncommutative/commutative equivalence in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99030 </DOCNO>
Solitons on a finite-gap background in Bullough-Dodd-Jiber-Shabat model


  The determinant formula for N-soliton solutions of the
Bullough-Dodd-Jiber-Shabat equation on a finite-gap background is obtained.
Nonsingularity conditions for them and their asymptotics are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72454 </DOCNO>
Gluon shadowing in the low x region probed by the LHC


  Starting from an unintegrated gluon distribution which satisfies a `unified'
equation which embodies both BFKL and DGLAP behaviour, we compute the shadowing
corrections to the integrated gluon in the small x domain that will be
accessible at the LHC. The corrections are calculated via the Korchegov
equation, which incorporates the leading ln(1/x) triple-Pomeron vertex, and are
approximately resummed using a simple Pade technique. We find that the
shadowing corrections to xg(x,Q^2) are rather small in the HERA domain, but
lead to a factor of 2 suppression in the region x \sim 10^-6, Q^2 \sim 4 GeV^2
accessible to experiments at the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5207 </DOCNO>
Partition Functions in Statistical Mechanics, Symmetric Functions, and


  Partition functions for non-interacting particles are known to be symmetric
functions. It is shown that powerful group-theoretical techniques can be used
not only to derive these relationships, but also to significantly simplify
calculation of the partition functions for particles that carry internal
quantum numbers. The partition function is shown to be a sum of one or more
group characters. The utility of character expansions in calculating the
partition functions is explored. Several examples are given to illustrate these
techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150267 </DOCNO>
Little String Theories in Heterotic Backgrounds


  We study Little String Theories (LST) with ${\cal N}=(1,0)$ supersymmetry
arising, in a suitable double scaling limit, from 5-branes in heterotic string
theory or in the heterotic-like type II/$(-)^{F_L}\times {\rm shift}$. The
limit in question, previously studied in the type II case, is such that the
resulting holographically dual pairs, i.e. bulk string theory and LST are at a
finite effective coupling. In particular, the internal $(2,2)$ SCFT on the
string theory side is non-singular and given by $SL(2)/U(1)\times SU(2)/U(1)$
coset. In the type II orbifold case, we determine the orbifold action on the
internal SCFT and construct the boundary states describing the non-BPS massive
states of a completely broken $SO$ gauge theory, in agreement with the dual
picture of D5-branes in type II/$\Omega\times {\rm shift}$. We also describe a
different orbifold action which gives rise to a $Sp$ gauge theory with $(1,1)$
supersymmetry. In both the heterotic SO(32) and $E_8\times E_8$ cases, we
determine the gauge bundles which correspond to the above SCFT and break down
the gauge groups to $SU(2)\times SO(28)$ and $E_7\times E_8$ respectively. The
double scaling limit in this case involves taking small instanton together with
small string coupling constant limit. We determine the spectrum of chiral gauge
invariant operators with the corresponding global symmetry charges on the LST
side and compare with the massless excitations on the string theory side,
finding agreement for multiplicities and global charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125517 </DOCNO>
A Survey for Infall Motions toward Starless Cores. II. $CS (2-1)$ and


  We present the results of an extensive mapping survey of 53 `starless' cores
in the optically thick line of CS 2-1 and the optically thin lines of N2H+ 1-0
and C18O 1-0. The purpose of this survey was to search for signatures of
extended inward motions.
  This study finds 10 `strong' and 9 `probable' infall candidates, based on
$\delta V_{CS}$ analysis and on the spectral shapes of CS lines.
  From our analysis of the blue-skewed CS spectra and the $\delta V_{CS}$
parameter, we find typical infall radii of 0.06-0.14 pc. Also, using a simple
two layer radiative transfer model to fit the profiles, we derive
one-dimensional infall speeds, half of whose values lie in the range of 
0.05-0.09 km s$^{-1}$. These values are similar to those found in L1544 by
Tafalla et al., and this result confirms that infall speeds in starless cores
are generally faster than expected from ambipolar diffusion in a strongly
sub-critical core. In addition, the observed infall regions are too extended to
be consistent with the `inside-out' collapse model applied to a very low-mass
star. In the largest cores, the spatial extent of the CS spectra with infall
asymmetry is larger than the extent of the $\rm N_2H^+$ core by a factor of
2-3. All these results suggest that extended inward motions are a common
feature in starless cores, and that they could represent a necessary stage in
the condensation of a star-forming dense core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125647 </DOCNO>
Deep Near-Infrared Imaging Surveys and the Stellar Content of High


  Deep, near-infrared imaging surveys have been motivated by the desire to
study the rest-frame optical properties and stellar content of galaxies at high
redshift. Here we briefly review their history, and illustrate one application,
using HST NICMOS imaging of the Hubble Deep Field North to examine the
rest-frame optical luminosities and colors of galaxies at 2 < z < 3, and to
constrain their stellar masses. The rest-frame B-band luminosity density at z =
2.5 is similar to that in the local universe, but the galaxies are evidently
less massive, with rapid star formation and low mass-to-light ratios. There are
few candidates for red, non-star-forming galaxies at these redshifts to the
HDF/NICMOS limits. We estimate a stellar mass density at 2 < z < 3 that is ~5%
of the present-day value, with an upper bound of <= 30%. Future headway will
come from wide-field ground-based surveys, multiplexing infrared spectrographs,
and new space-based facilities such as HST/WFC3 and SIRTF/IRAC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96224 </DOCNO>
Gromov-Witten invariants and pseudo symplectic capacities


  We define the concept of pseudo symplectic capacities that is a mild
generalization of that of symplectic capacities. In particular a typical pseudo
symplectic capacity, whose special case is a variant of the Hofer-Zehnder
symplectic capacity, is constructed and estimated in terms of the Gromov-Witten
invariants. The (pseudo) symplectic capacities of the Grassmannian and some
product symplectic manifolds are calculated. An example is also given to
illustrate that using the pseudo symplectic capacity one can get a better
estimation result than the Hofer-Zehnder capacity. Among various potential
applications of the pseudo symplectic capacity two typical ones are given. The
first one is to derive some general nonsqueezing theorems that generalize and
unite many previous versions. The second is to prove the Weinstein conjecture
in cotangent bundles of a large class of symplectic uniruled manifolds
(including the uniruled manifolds in algebraic geometry) and in some product
symplectic uniruled manifolds. Fi nally we also give a result on symplectic
packings and one on Seshadri constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 321 </DOCNO>
A fast Monte Carlo algorithm for site or bond percolation


  We describe in detail a new and highly efficient algorithm for studying site
or bond percolation on any lattice. The algorithm can measure an observable
quantity in a percolation system for all values of the site or bond occupation
probability from zero to one in an amount of time which scales linearly with
the size of the system. We demonstrate our algorithm by using it to investigate
a number of issues in percolation theory, including the position of the
percolation transition for site percolation on the square lattice, the
stretched exponential behavior of spanning probabilities away from the critical
point, and the size of the giant component for site percolation on random
graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149961 </DOCNO>
Black-brane solution for C_2 algebra


  Black p-brane solutions for a wide class of intersection rules and Ricci-flat
``internal'' spaces are considered. They are defined up to moduli functions H_s
obeying non-linear differential equations with certain boundary conditions
imposed. A new solution with intersections corresponding to the Lie algebra C_2
is obtained. The functions H_1 and H_2 for this solution are polynomials of
degree 3 and 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1439 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution Photoemission Study of MgB2


  We have performed high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy on MgB2 and
observed opening of a superconducting gap with a narrow coherent peak. We found
that the superconducting gap is s-like with the gap value of 4.5 meV at 15 K.
The temperature dependence (15 - 40 K) of gap value follows well the BCS form,
suggesting that 2Delta/kBTc at T=0 is about 3. No pseudogap behavior is
observed in the normal state. The present results strongly suggest that MgB2 is
categorized into a phonon-mediated BCS superconductor in the weak-coupling
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76185 </DOCNO>
Some Simpler Analogues of the Dual Standard Model and their Relation to


  We point out that the correspondence between SU(5) monopoles and the
elementary particles, which underlies the construction of a dual standard
model, has some simpler analogues associated with the strong, weak, and
hypercharge interactions. We then discuss how these relate to Bais'
generalisation of the Montenon-Olive conjecture, and find the representations
of the monopoles under the dual gauge group; these representations agree with
those of the elementary particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72622 </DOCNO>
Off-shell W-pair production - universal versus non-universal corrections


  Electroweak radiative corrections to e+e- scattering processes typically
amount to O(10%) at LEP energies. Their logarithmic increase with energy
renders them even more important at future colliders. Although the bulk of
these corrections is due to universal process-independent effects, the
remaining non-universal corrections are nevertheless phenomenologically
important. We describe the structure of the universal corrections to e+e- -->
WW --> 4f in detail and discuss the numerical size of universal and
non-universal effects using the Monte Carlo generator RACOONWW.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41142 </DOCNO>
alpha_s at low Q^2 from e+e- and tau data


  It has been shown in recent analyses by ALEPH [1] and OPAL [2] that precision
QCD tests are possible with hadronic tau decays by comparing spectral moments
of the hadronic decay ratio of the tau with QCD calculations. In principle e+e-
data can be used in a similar manner by evaluating spectral moments of R. The
current e+e- data is compared with the OPAL tau data and a prediction is made
on the achievable accuracy of QCD tests with the projected precision of PEP-N
[3].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96039 </DOCNO>
Trapping regions and an ODE-type proof of the existence and uniqueness


  Using ODE-methods and trapping regions derived by Mattingly and Sinai we give
a new proof of the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Navier-Stokes
equations with periodic boundary conditions on the plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76865 </DOCNO>
Elementary Particles on a Dedicated Parallel Computer


  Numerical simulation of lattice QCD is now an indispensable tool for
investigating non-perturbative properties of quarks at low energies. In this
paper, I introduce a recent lattice QCD calculation of light hadron spectrum
and quark masses performed on a dedicated parallel computer, CP-PACS. From a
simulation of QCD with two flavors of dynamical quarks, we find
$m_{ud}^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2{\rm GeV}) = 3.44^{+0.14}_{-0.22}$ MeV for the averaged
mass of $u$ and $d$ quarks to reproduce the experimental masses of $\pi$ and
$\rho$ mesons, and $m_{s}^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2{\rm GeV}) = 88^{+4}_{-6}$ MeV or
$90^{+5}_{-11}$ MeV to reproduce the $K$ or $\phi$ meson mass. These values are
about 20--30% smaller than the previous estimates using the quenched
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129313 </DOCNO>
Radio, Sub-mm, and X-ray Studies of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies


  The study of gamma-ray burst (GRB) host galaxies in the radio, sub-mm, and
X-ray wavelength regimes began only recently, in contrast to optical studies.
This is mainly due to the long timescale on which the radio afterglow emission
decays, and to the intrinsic faintness of radio emission from star-forming
galaxies at z~1, as well as source confusion in sub-mm observations; X-ray
observations of GRB hosts have simply not been attempted yet. Despite these
difficulties, we have recently made the first detections of radio and sub-mm
emission from the host galaxies of GRB980703 and GRB010222, respectively, using
the VLA and the SCUBA instrument on JCMT. In both cases we find that the
inferred star formation rates (~500 solar masses per year) and bolometric
luminosities (~few 10^12 solar luminosities) indicate that these galaxies are
possibly analogous to the local population of Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies
(ULIRGs) undergoing a starburst. However, there is a modest probability that
the observed emission is due to AGN activity rather than star formation, thus
requiring observations with Chandra or XMM. The sample of GRB hosts offers a
number of unique advantages to the broader question of the evolution of
galaxies and star formation from high redshift to the present time since: (i)
GRBs trace massive stars, (ii) are detectable to high redshifts, and (iii) have
immense dust penetrating power. Therefore, radio/sub-mm/X-ray observations of
GRB hosts can potentially provide crucial information both on the nature of the
GRB host galaxies, and on the history of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95840 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical asymptotics and gaps in the spectra of magnetic


  In this paper, we study an L2 version of the semiclassical approximation of
magnetic Schroedinger operators with invariant Morse type potentials on
covering spaces of compact manifolds. In particular, we are able to establish
the existence of an arbitrary large number of gaps in the spectrum of these
operators, in the semiclassical limit as the coupling constant goes to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2743 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in optical trap


  The dynamics of a 2D Bose-Einstein condensate in optical trap is studied
taking into consideration fluctuations of the far-off-resonance laser field
intensity. The problem is described in the frame of the mean field
Gross-Pitaevskii equation with randomly varying trap potential. An analytic
approach based on the moments method has been employed to describe the noise
induced evolution of the condensate properties. Stochastic parametric resonance
in oscillations of the condensate width is proved to exist. For the condensate
with negative scattering length of atoms, it is shown that the noise can delay
or even arrest the collapse. Analytical predictions are confirmed by numerical
simulations of the underlying PDE and ODE models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150199 </DOCNO>
Weinberg's Approach and Antisymmetric Tensor Fields


  We extend the previous series of articles [HPA] devoted to finding mappings
between the Weinberg-Tucker-Hammer formalism and antisymmetric tensor fields.
Now we take into account solutions of different parities of the Weinberg-like
equations. Thus, the Proca, Duffin-Kemmer and Bargmann-Wigner formalisms are
generalized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86014 </DOCNO>
Inflation from a massive scalar field and scalar perturbations of the


  In the framework of chaotic inflation we study the case of a massive scalar
field using a semiclassical approach. We derive the energy density fluctuations
in the infrared sector generated by matter field and gauge-invariant metric
fluctuations by means of a different method. We find that the super Hubble
density fluctuations increase during inflation for a massive scalar field, in
agreement with the result obtained in a previous work in which a power-law
expanding universe was considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127618 </DOCNO>
A RICH prototype for the AMS experiment


  The AMS spectrometer will be installed on the International Space Station at
the end of 2003. Among other improvements over the first version of the
instrument, a ring imaging Cherenkov detector (RICH) will be added which latter
should open a new window for cosmic-ray physics, allowing isotope separation up
to A~25 between 1 and 10 GeV/c and elements identification up to Z~25 between
threshold and 1 TeV/c/nucleon. It should also contribute to the high level of
redundancy required for AMS and reject efficiency albedo particles. The results
of the first generation prototype and the expected results of the new one are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179177 </DOCNO>
Threshold suppression of Lambda spin-orbit splitting


  New experimental data on medium to heavy single Lambda hypernuclei revealed a
much larger spin-orbit splitting than observed in older measurements of light
hypernuclei. Taking into account particle threshold effects and the
density-dependence of in-medium coupling constants the apparent suppression of
spin-orbit strength in light hypernuclei as well as the spin-orbit structure
observed in medium to heavy nuclei are explained in a unified manner within the
density dependent relativistic hadron field theory. It is concluded that the
most valuable information on the Lambda spin-orbit dynamics in finite nuclei
has to be extracted from medium to heavy mass nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73483 </DOCNO>
Physics Signatures at CLIC


  A set of signatures for physics processes of potential interests for the CLIC
programme at 1 - 5 TeV are discussed. These signatures, that may correspond to
the manifestation of different scenarios of new physics as well to Standard
Model precision tests, are proposed as benchmarks for the optimisation of the
CLIC accelerator parameters and for a first definition of the required detector
response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129388 </DOCNO>
Neutron stars and the fermionic Casimir effect


  The inner crust of neutron stars consists of nuclei of various shapes
immersed in a neutron gas and stabilized by the Coulomb interaction in the form
of a crystal lattice. The scattering of neutrons on nuclear inhomegeneities
leads to the quantum correction to the total energy of the system. This
correction resembles the Casimir energy and turns out to have a large influence
on the structure of the crust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148060 </DOCNO>
Shadow multiplets and superHiggs mechanism


  We discuss a general feature of Freund Rubin compactifications that was
previously overlooked. It consist in a curious pairing, which we call a shadow
relation, of completely different (in terms of spin and mass) fields of the
dimensionally reduced theory. Particularly interesting is the case where the
compactification preserves a certain amount of supersymmetry, giving rise to a
shadowing phenomenon between whole supermultiplets of fields. In particular,
there are strong suggestions about the consistency of a massive truncation of
11D supergravity to the massless modes of the graviton supermultiplet plus the
massive modes of its shadow partner. This fact has important consequences in
the ${\cal N}=2$ and ${\cal N}=3$ cases, which seem to realize respectively a
Higgs or a superHiggs phenomenon. In other words, we are led to reinterpret the
dimensionally reduced theory as a spontaneously broken phase of some higher
(super)symmetric theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124886 </DOCNO>
A semi-analytical approach to non-linear shock acceleration


  Shocks in astrophysical fluids can generate suprathermal particles by first
order (or diffusive) Fermi acceleration. In the test particle regime there is a
simple relation between the spectrum of the accelerated particles and the jump
conditions at the shock. This simple picture becomes complicated when the
pressure of the accelerated particles becomes comparable with the pressure of
the shocked fluid, so that the non-linear backreaction of the particles becomes
non negligible and the spectrum is affected in a substantial way. Though only
numerical simulations can provide a fully self-consistent approach, a more
direct and easily applicable method would be very useful, and would allow to
take into account the non-linear effects in particle acceleration in those
cases in which they are important and still neglected. We present here a simple
semi-analytical model that deals with these non-linear effects in a
quantitative way. This new method, while compatible with the previous
simplified results, also provides a satisfactory description of the results of
numerical simulations of shock acceleration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95986 </DOCNO>
An Approach to Hopf Algebras via Frobenius Coordinates I


  In Section 1 we introduce Frobenius coordinates in the general setting that
includes Hopf subalgebras. In Sections 2 and 3 we review briefly the theories
of Frobenius algebras and augmented Frobenius algebras with some new material
in Section 3. In Section 4 we study the Frobenius structure of an FH-algebra H
\cite{Par72} and extend two recent theorems in \cite{EG}. We obtain two Radford
formulas for the antipode in H and generalize in Section 7 the results on its
order in \cite{FMS}. We study the Frobenius structure on an FH-subalgebra pair
in Sections 5 and 6. In Section 8 we show that the quantum double of H is
symmetric and unimodular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126538 </DOCNO>
Discovery of X-ray emission from the proto-stellar jet L1551 IRS5 (HH


  We have for the first time detected X-ray emission associated with a
proto-stellar jet, on the jet emanating from L1551 IRS5. The IRS5 proto-star is
hidden beyond a very large absorbing column density, making the direct
observation of the jet's emission possible. The observed X-ray emission is
likely associated with the shock ``working surface'', i.e. the interface
between the jet and the circumstellar medium. The X-ray luminosity emanating
from the jet is moderate, at LX ~ 3 times 10^29 erg/s, a significant fraction
of the luminosity normally associated with the coronal emission from young
stars. The spectrum of the X-ray emission is compatible with thermal emission
from a hot plasma, with T ~ 0.5 MK, fully compatible with the temperature
expected (on the basis of the jet's velocity) for the shock front produced by
the jet hitting the circumstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7216 </DOCNO>
Coupled Growing Networks


  We introduce and solve a model which considers two coupled networks growing
simultaneously. The dynamics of the networks is governed by the new arrival of
network elements (nodes) making preferential attachments to pre-existing nodes
in both networks. The model segregates the links in the networks as
intra-links, cross-links and mix-links. The corresponding degree distributions
of these links are found to be power-laws with exponents having coupled
parameters for intra- and cross-links. In the weak coupling case the model
reduces to a simple citation network. As for the strong coupling, it mimics the
mechanism of \emph{the web of human sexual contacts}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123416 </DOCNO>
Entropic-acoustic instability of shocked Bondi accretion I. What does


  In the radial flow of gas into a black hole (i.e. Bondi accretion), the
infall of any entropy or vorticity perturbation produces acoustic waves
propagating outward. The dependence of this acoustic flux on the shape of the
perturbation is investigated in detail. This is the key process in the
mechanism of the entropic-acoustic instability proposed by Foglizzo & Tagger
(2000) to explain the instability of Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion. These
acoustic waves create new entropy and vorticity perturbations when they reach
the shock, thus closing the entropic-acoustic cycle. With an adiabatic index
1<gamma<=5/3, the linearized equations describing the perturbations of the
Bondi flow are studied analytically and solved numerically. The fundamental
frequency of this problem is the cut-off frequency of acoustic refraction,
below which ingoing acoustic waves are refracted out. This cut-off is
significantly smaller than the Keplerian frequency at the sonic radius and
depends on the latitudinal number l of the perturbations. When advected
adiabatically inward, entropy and vorticity perturbations trigger acoustic
waves propagating outward, with an efficiency which is highest for non radial
perturbations l=1. The outgoing acoustic flux produced by the advection of
vorticity perturbations is always moderate and peaks at rather low frequency.
By contrast, the acoustic flux produced by an entropy wave is highest close to
the refraction cut-off. It can be very large if gamma is close to 5/3. These
results suggest that the shocked Bondi flow with gamma=5/3 is strongly unstable
with respect to the entropic-acoustic mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85769 </DOCNO>
On rigidity of spacetimes with a compact Cauchy horizon


  Smooth spacetimes with a compact Cauchy horizon ruled by closed null
geodesics are considered. The compact Cauchy horizon is assumed to be
non-degenerate. Then, supporting the validity of Penrose's strong cosmic censor
hypothesis, the existence of a smooth Killing vector field in a neighbourhood
of the horizon on the Cauchy development side is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150015 </DOCNO>
Casimir Problem in Spherical Dielectrics: A Quantum Statistical


  The Casimir mutual free energy F for a system of two dielectric concentric
nonmagnetic spherical bodies is calculated, at arbitrary temperatures. Whereas
F has recently been evaluated for the special case of metals (refractive index
n=\infty), here analogous results are presented for dielectrics, and shown
graphically when n=2.0. Our calculational method relies upon quantum
statistical mechanics. The Debye expansions for the Riccati-Bessel functions
when carried out to a high order are found to be very useful in practice
(thereby overflow/underflow problems are easily avoided), and also to give
accurate results even for the lowest values of l. Another virtue of the Debye
expansions is that the limiting case of metals becomes quite amenable to an
analytical treatment in spherical geometry. We first discuss the zero-frequency
TE mode problem from a mathematical viewpoint and then, as physical input,
invoke the actual dispersion relations. The result of our analysis, based upon
adoption of the Drude dispersion relation as the most correct one at low
frequencies, is that the zero-frequency TE mode does not contribute for a
metal. Accordingly, F turns out in this case to be only one half of the
conventional value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97331 </DOCNO>
Math and Physics


  I present a brief review on some of the recent developments in topological
quantum field theory. These include topological string theory, topological
Yang-Mills theory and Chern-Simons gauge theory. It is emphasized how the
application of different field and string theory methods has led to important
progress, opening entirely new points of view in the context of Gromov-Witten
invariants, Donaldson invariants, and quantum-group invariants for knots and
links.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76028 </DOCNO>
Constraints on heavy Z' couplings from \Delta S = 2 B^- -> K^- K^- \pi^+


  The heavy Z' boson with family nonuniversal couplings can introduce flavour
changing effects. Constraints on nondiagonal Z' couplings coming from the \mu-e
conversion in a muonic atom, K^0 - \bar{K^0} and B - \bar{B} mixing, epsilon
and epsilon'/ \epsilon CP- violating coefficients have been already
established. By using the OPAL upper bound of the branching ratio for the B^-
-> K^- K^- \pi^+ decay, we indicate additional constraints on the Z' couplings.
We comment also on the constraints of Z' couplings coming from the b->d d
\bar{s} transition. The constraint obtained here from the upper bound of the
B^- -> K^- K^- \pi^+ decay involves a different combination of couplings than
those previously presented, but is much weaker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127115 </DOCNO>
A Simple Family of Models for Eccentric Keplerian Fluid Disks


  In order to be in a long-lived configuration, the density in a fluid disk
should be constant along streamlines to prevent compressional (PdV) work from
being done cyclically around every orbit. In a pure Kepler potential, flow
along aligned, elliptical streamlines of constant eccentricity will satisfy
this condition. For most density profiles, differential precession driven by
the pressure gradient will destroy the alignment; however, in the razor-thin
approximation there is a family of simple equilibria in which the precession
frequency is the same at all radii. These disks may therefore be long-lived at
significant eccentricities. The density can be made axisymmetric as r goes to
0, while maintaining the precession rate, by relaxing the requirement of
constancy along streamlines in an arbitrarily small transition region near the
center. In the limit of small eccentricity, the models can be seen as
acoustically perturbed axisymmetric disks, and the precession rate is shown to
agree with linear theory. The perturbation is a traveling wave similar to an
ocean wave, with the fluid rising and falling epicyclically in the
gravitational field of the central mass. The expected emission line profiles
from the eccentric disks are shown to be strongly asymmetric in general, and,
in extreme cases, prone to misinterpretation as single narrow lines with
significant velocity offsets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72514 </DOCNO>
`Strategy of Regions': Expansions of Feynman Diagrams both in Euclidean


  The strategy of regions [1] turns out to be a universal method for expanding
Feynman integrals in various limits of momenta and masses. This strategy is
reviewed and illustrated through numerous examples. In the case of typically
Euclidean limits it is equivalent to well-known prescriptions within the
strategy of subgraphs. For regimes typical for Minkowski space, where the
strategy of subgraphs has not yet been developed, the strategy of regions is
characterized in the case of threshold limit, Sudakov limit and Regge limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125152 </DOCNO>
H110alpha recombination-line emission and 4.8-GHz continuum emission in


  We present results from observations of H110alpha recombination-line emission
at 4.874 GHz and the related 4.8-GHz continuum emission towards the Carina
Nebula using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. These data provide
information on the velocity, morphology and excitation parameters of the
ionized gas associated with the two bright HII regions within the nebula, Car I
and Car II. They are consistent with both Car I and Car II being expanding
ionization fronts arising from the massive star clusters Trumpler 14 and
Trumpler 16, respectively. The overall continuum emission distribution at 4.8
GHz is similar to that at lower frequencies. For Car I, two compact sources are
revealed that are likely to be young HII regions associated with triggered star
formation. These results provide the first evidence of ongoing star formation
in the northern region of the nebula. A close association between Car I and the
molecular gas is consistent with a scenario in which Car I is currently carving
out a cavity within the northern molecular cloud. The complicated kinematics
associated with Car II point to expansion from at least two different centres.
All that is left of the molecular cloud in this region are clumps of dense gas
and dust which are likely to be responsible for shaping the striking morphology
of the Car II components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81098 </DOCNO>
The Ising Model on a Dynamically Triangulated Disk with a Boundary


  We use Monte Carlo simulations to study a dynamically triangulated disk with
Ising spins on the vertices and a boundary magnetic field. For the case of zero
magnetic field we show that the model possesses three phases. For one of these
the boundary length grows linearly with disk area, while the other two phases
are characterized by a boundary whose size is on the order of the cut-off. A
line of continuous magnetic transitions separates the two small boundary
phases. We determine the critical exponents of the continuous magnetic phase
transition and relate them to predictions from continuum 2-d quantum gravity.
This line of continuous transitions appears to terminate on a line of
discontinuous phase transitions dividing the small boundary phases from the
large boundary phase. We examine the scaling of bulk magnetization and boundary
magnetization as a function of boundary magnetic field in the vicinity of this
tricritical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179644 </DOCNO>
Note on the Deformed Boson Scheme in Time-Dependent Variational Method


  The Holstein-Primakoff representation for the su(2)-algebra is derived in the
deformed boson scheme. The following two points are discussed : (i) connection
between a simple Hamiltonian and the Hamiltonian obeying the su(2)-algebra such
as Lipkin model and (ii) derivation of the Hamiltonian for describing the
damped and amplified motion for the su(2)-boson model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40741 </DOCNO>
Supernarrow Dibaryons Production in pd Interactions


  An analysis of experimental data, obtained at the Proton Linear Accelerator
of INR, is carried out with the aim of searching for supernarrow dibaryons in
the pd->p+pX_1 and pd->p+dX_2 reactions. Dibaryons with masses 1904\pm 2,
1926\pm 2, and 1942\pm 2 MeV have been observed in invariant mass M_{pX_1}
spectra. In missing mass M_{X_1} spectra, the peaks at M_{X_1}=966\pm 2, 986\pm
2, and 1003\pm 2 MeV have been found. The analysis of the data obtained leads
to the conclusion that the observed dibaryons are supernarrow dibaryons, the
decay of which into two nucleons is forbidden by the Pauli exclusion principle.
A possible interpretation of exited nucleon states with small masses is
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5644 </DOCNO>
Series Expansion Calculation of Persistence Exponents


  We consider an arbitrary Gaussian Stationary Process X(T) with known
correlator C(T), sampled at discrete times T_n = n \Delta T. The probability
that (n+1) consecutive values of X have the same sign decays as P_n \sim
\exp(-\theta_D T_n). We calculate the discrete persistence exponent \theta_D as
a series expansion in the correlator C(\Delta T) up to 14th order, and
extrapolate to \Delta T = 0 using constrained Pad\'e approximants to obtain the
continuum persistence exponent \theta. For the diffusion equation our results
are in exceptionally good agreement with recent numerical estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127178 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation History and the Morphological Evolution of the Draco


  The photometric and morphological properties, as well as the star formation
history, of the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy are analyzed on the basis of wide
field, CCD photometry of the resolved stars covering about 1deg^2. No
metallicity gradient is detected. The star surface density distribution can be
fitted by a single exponential law of scale-length a=5'.0+/-0'.1. The central
surface magnitude is mu_V=24.4+/-0.5 and the core radius r_c=7'.5+/- 0.'3
(equivalent to r_c=175+/-7 pc). Within errors, the same scale-lengths are found
for the density profiles along the semi-major axis and the semi-minor axis
(re-scaled to semi-major axis units, using the ellipticity of the galaxy) of
Draco. There are hence no evidences of a tidal-tail associated to Draco. The
tidal radius of the galaxy is found to be r_t~42' (~1 kpc). The possibility
that the large mass-to-light relation in Draco could be accounted for by a
convenient spatial orientation is rejected, which implies that other mechanisms
(e.g., dark matter) are required.
  The stellar population of Draco is mainly old. Although some intermediate-age
population is present in Draco, most of the star formation (up to 90%) took
place before ~10 Gyr ago. No significant star formation activity is detected in
the last ~2 Gyr. Two methods ("partial model" and "subgiant") have been used to
investigate the star formation history of Draco.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72937 </DOCNO>
Precision Observables in the MSSM: Leading Electroweak Two-loop


  The leading electroweak MSSM two-loop corrections to the $\rho$-parameter are
calculated. They are obtained by evaluating the two-loop self-energies of the Z
and the W boson at O(Gf^2 m_t^4) in the limit of heavy scalar quarks. A very
compact expression is derived, depending on the ratio of the CP-odd Higgs boson
mass, M_A, and the top quark mass, m_t. Expressions for the limiting cases M_A
>> m_t and M_A << m_t are also given. The decoupling of the non-SM contribution
in the limit M_A -> oo is verified at the two-loop level. The numerical effect
of the leading electroweak MSSM two-loop corrections is analyzed in comparison
with the leading corrections of O(Gf^2 m_t^4) in the SM and with the O(alpha
alpha_s) corrections in the MSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72527 </DOCNO>
On particle production for high energy neutrino beams


  Analytical formulae for the calculation of secondary particle yields in p-A
interactions are given. These formulae can be of great practical importance for
fast calculations of neutrino fluxes and for designing new neutrino beam-lines.
The formulae are based on a parameterization of the inclusive invariant cross
sections for secondary particle production measured in p-Be interactions. Data
collected in different energy ranges and kinematic regions are used. The
accuracy of the fit to the data with the empirical formulae adopted is within
the experimental uncertainties. Prescriptions to extrapolate this
parameterization to finite targets and to targets of different materials are
given. The results obtained are then used as an input for the simulation of
neutrino beams. We show that our approach describes well the main
characteristics of measured neutrino spectra at CERN. Thus it may be used in
fast simulations aiming at the optimisation of the proposed long-baseline
neutrino beams at CERN and FNAL. In particular we will show our predictions for
the CNGS beam from CERN to Gran Sasso.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41019 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Electroweak Breaking and Latticized Extra Dimensions


  Using gauge invariant effective Lagrangians in 1+3 dimensions describing the
Standard Model in 1+4 dimensions, we explore dynamical electroweak symmetry
breaking. The Top Quark Seesaw model arises naturally, as well as the full CKM
structure. We include a discussion of effects of warping, and indicate how
other dynamical schemes may also be realized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179354 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Structure of exotic nuclei and superheavy elements in a


  A recent paper [M. Rashdan, Phys. Rev. C 63, 044303 (2001)] introduces the
new parameterization NL-RA1 of the relativistic mean-field model which is
claimed to give a better description of nuclear properties than earlier ones.
Using this model ^{298}114 is predicted to be a doubly-magic nucleus. As will
be shown in this comment these findings are to be doubted as they are obtained
with an unrealistic parameterization of the pairing interaction and neglecting
ground-state deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75981 </DOCNO>
Strings, Branes and Extra Dimensions


  This review is devoted to strings and branes. Firstly, perturbative string
theory is introduced. The appearance of various types of branes is discussed.
These include orbifold fixed planes, D-branes and orientifold planes. The
connection to BPS vacua of supergravity is presented afterwards. As
applications, we outline the role of branes in string dualities, field theory
dualities, the AdS/CFT correspondence and scenarios where the string scale is
at a TeV. Some issues of warped compactifications are also addressed. These
comprise corrections to gravitational interactions as well as the cosmological
constant problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126698 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constant from Conformal Fluctuations of the Metric


  At the level of the Planck scale, the spacetime metric has to be considered a
quantum variable. Conformal quantum fluctuations of the metric tensor are
studied here. They lead to an extra term in the Einstein equations which can be
identified with a cosmological constant. Quantum fluctuations may therefore
contribute to an accelerated expansion of the universe, in accordance with
newer observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4294 </DOCNO>
Emergence of a confined state in a weakly bent wire


  In this paper we use a simple straightforward technique to investigate the
emergence of a bound state in a weakly bent wire. We show that the bend behaves
like an infinitely shallow potential well, and in the limit of small bending
angle and low energy the bend can be presented by a simple 1D delta function
potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98542 </DOCNO>
A geometric construction of Tango bundle on P^5


  The Tango bundle T over P^5 is proved to be the pull-back of the twisted
Cayley bundle C(1) via a map f : P^5 --> Q_5 existing only in characteristic 2.
The Frobenius morphism F factorizes via such f.
 Using f the cohomology of T is computed in terms of F^*(C), Sym^2(C), C and
the tensor product of S by C, while these are computed by applying
Borel-Bott-Weil theorem.
 By machine-aided computation the mimimal resolutions of C and T are given;
incidentally the matrix presenting the spinor bundle S over Q_5 is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149783 </DOCNO>
Inside an Enhancon: Monopoles and Dual Yang-Mills Theory


  In this paper we study wrapped brane configurations that give rise to three
dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory with eight supercharges. The corresponding
supergravity solution is singular and it was conjectured that the singularity
is removed by an enhancon mechanism. Instead, we incorporate non-perturbative
gauge fields into supergravity and find a smooth solution for these
configurations. Along the way we derive a non-abelian supergravity Lagrangian
for type IIA on K3 and explicit formulae for the toroidal reduction of the
heterotic string with non-abelian gauge fields. We proceed to analyse the
duality with Yang-Mills theory and find that the dual background is a monopole
configuration in little string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73062 </DOCNO>
Solar neutrino oscillations in the quasi-vacuum regime


  Motivated by recent experimental data, we study solar neutrino oscillations
in the range 10^-10 < delta m^2/E < 10^-7 eV^2/MeV. In this range vacuum
oscillations become increasingly affected by (solar and terrestrial) matter
effects for increasing delta m^2, smoothly reaching the MSW regime. A numerical
study of matter effects in such "quasi-vacuum" regime is performed. The results
are applied to the analysis of the recent solar neutrino phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148275 </DOCNO>
Wave Functionals, Gauge Invariant Equations for Massive Modes and the


  In earlier papers on the loop variable approach to gauge invariant
interactions in string theory, a ``wave functional'' with some specific
properties was invoked.
 It had the purpose of converting the generalized momenta to space time fields.
In this paper we describe this object in detail and give some explicit
examples. We also work out the interacting equations of the massive mode of the
bosonic string, interacting with electromagnetism, and discuss in detail the
gauge invariance. This is naturally described in this approach as a massless
spin two field interacting with a massless spin one field in a higher
dimension. Dimensional reduction gives the massive system. We also show that in
addition to describing fields perturbatively, as is required for reproducing
the perturbative equations, the wave functional can be chosen to reproduce the
Born-Infeld equations, which are non-perturbative in field strengths. This
makes contact with the sigma model approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148518 </DOCNO>
One-Loop Effective Action for the Extended Spinor Electrodynamics with


  If violation of Lorentz and CPT symmetry is introduced into the fermion
sector of conventional quantum electrodynamics, then the Chern-Simons term is
radiatively induced with finite nonzero coefficient, as well as the Maxwell
term is with logarithmically divergent one. The heat kernel expansion and the
proper time methods are used to determine the effective action in the one-loop
approximation unambiguously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127483 </DOCNO>
The Burst and Transient Source Experiment Earth Occultation Technique


  An Earth orbiting detector sensitive to gamma ray photons will see step-like
occultation features in its counting rate when a gamma ray point source crosses
the Earth's limb. This is due to the change in atmospheric attenuation of the
gamma rays along the line of sight. In an uncollimated detector, these
occultation features can be used to locate and monitor astrophysical sources
provided their signals can be individually separated from the detector
background. We show that the Earth occultation technique applied to the Burst
and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
(CGRO) is a viable and flexible all-sky monitor in the low energy gamma ray and
hard X-ray energy range (20 keV - 1 MeV). The method is an alternative to more
sophisticated photon imaging devices for astronomy, and can serve well as a
cost-effective science capability for monitoring the high energy sky.
     Here we describe the Earth occultation technique for locating new sources
and for measuring source intensity and spectra without the use of complex
background models. Examples of transform imaging, step searches, spectra, and
light curves are presented. Systematic uncertainties due to source confusion,
detector response, and contamination from rapid background fluctuations are
discussed and analyzed for their effect on intensity measurements. A sky
location-dependent average systematic error is derived as a function of
galactic coordinates. The sensitivity of the technique is derived as a function
of incident photon energy and also as a function of angle between the source
and the normal to the detector entrance window. Occultations of the Crab Nebula
by the Moon are used to calibrate Earth occultation flux measurements
independent of possible atmospheric scattering effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99261 </DOCNO>
A New Class of Two-Dimensional Noncommutative Spaces


  We find an infinite number of noncommutative geometries which posses a
differential structure. They generalize the two dimensional noncommutative
plane, and have infinite dimensional representations. Upon applying generalized
coherent states we are able to take the continuum limit, where we recover the
punctured plane with non constant Poisson structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75214 </DOCNO>
Wigner Rotations in Laser Cavities


  The Wigner rotation is a key word in many branches of physics, chemistry and
engineering sciences. It is a group theoretical effect resulting from two
Lorentz boosts. The net effect is one boost followed or preceded by a rotation.
This rotation can therefore be formulated as a product of three boosts. In
relativistic kinematics, it is a rotation in the Lorentz frame where the
particle is at rest. This rotation does not change its momentum, but it rotates
the direction of the spin. The Wigner rotation is not confined to relativistic
kinematics. It manifests itself in physical systems where the underlying
mathematics is the Lorentz group. It is by now widely known that this group is
the basic scientific language for quantum and classical optics. It is shown
that optical beams perform Wigner rotations in laser cavities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96060 </DOCNO>
Enumerative Geometry of Stable Maps with Lagrangian Boundary Conditions


  In this paper, we present foundational material towards the development of a
rigorous enumerative theory of stable maps with Lagrangian boundary conditions,
i.e. stable maps from bordered Riemann surfaces to a symplectic manifold, such
that the boundary maps to a Lagrangian submanifold. Our main application is to
a situation where our proposed theory leads to a well-defined algebro-geometric
computation very similar to well-known localization techniques in Gromov-Witten
theory. In particular, our computation of the invariants for multiple covers of
a generic disc bounding a special Lagrangian submanifold in a Calabi-Yau
threefold agrees completely with the original predictions of Ooguri and Vafa
based on string duality. Our proposed invariants depend more generally on a
discrete parameter which came to light in the work of Aganagic, Klemm, and Vafa
which was also based on duality, and our more general calculations agree with
theirs up to sign.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73908 </DOCNO>
Measurement of CP violation at a Neutrino Factory


  The prospects of measuring CP violation in the leptonic sector using the
intense neutrino beams arising from muon decay in the straight sections of a
muon accumulator ring (the so-called neutrino factory) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6211 </DOCNO>
X-Ray-Diffraction Study of Charge-Density-Waves and Oxygen-Ordering in


  We report a temperature-dependent increase below 300 K of diffuse
superlattice peaks corresponding to q_0 =(~2/5,0,0) in an under-doped
YBa_2Cu_3O_6+x superconductor (x~0.63). These peaks reveal strong c-axis
correlations involving the CuO_2 bilayers, show a non-uniform increase below
\~220 K with a plateau for ~100-160 K, and appear to saturate in the
superconducting phase. We interpret this unconventional T-dependence of the
``oxygen-ordering'' peaks as a manifestation of a charge density wave in the
CuO_2 planes coupled to the oxygen-vacancy ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81057 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Evidence Against Instanton Dominance of Topological Charge


  We comment on the recent paper (hep-lat/0102003) by Horvath, Isgur, McCune,
and Thacker, which concludes that the local chiral structure of fermionic
eigenmodes is not consistent with instanton dominance. Our calculations, done
with an overlap action, suggest the opposite conclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3138 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in viscous fingering


  Our experiments on viscous (Saffman-Taylor) fingering in Hele-Shaw channels
reveal finger width fluctuations that were not observed in previous
experiments, which had lower aspect ratios and higher capillary numbers Ca.
These fluctuations intermittently narrow the finger from its expected width.
The magnitude of these fluctuations is described by a power law, Ca^{-0.64},
which holds for all aspect ratios studied up to the onset of tip instabilities.
Further, for large aspect ratios, the mean finger width exhibits a maximum as
Ca is decreased instead of the predicted monotonic increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5728 </DOCNO>
Analytic approximations to Kelvin functions with applications to


  We present analytical approximations for the real Kelvin function ber(x) and
the imaginary Kelvin function bei(x), using the two-point quasifractional
approximation procedure. We have applied these approximations to the
calculation of the current distribution within a cylindrical conductor. Our
approximations are simple and accurate. The infinite number of roots is also
obtained with the approximation and the precision increases with the value of
the root. Our results could find useful applications in problems where
analytical approximations of the Kelvin functions are needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75227 </DOCNO>
A possible resolution of the e+e- --> Nbar N puzzle


  We sketch some recent ideas proposed as the mechanism behind the puzzling
experimental results on baryon-antibaryon production in e+e- annihilation close
to threshold. The essential new point in the proposed mechanism is that it is a
two-stage process, with a coherent state of pions serving as an intermediary
between e+e- and the baryon-antibaryon system. Skyrmion-antiskyrmion
annihilation is proposed as a concrete computational framework for a
quantitative description of the baryon-antibaryon annihilation. We also point
out the possible connection to similarly puzzling data on baryon-antibaryon
production in photon-photon collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73710 </DOCNO>
Affleck-Dine baryo/leptogenesis with a gauged U(1)(B-L)


  We briefly review the present status of Affleck-Dine baryo/leptogenesis
scenarios in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) in the context of
the gravity-mediated SUSY breaking, and show that there is a serious
cosmological problem in the Affleck-Dine mechanism. That is, the late decay of
the associated large Q-balls leads to the over production of the lightest
supersymmetric particles. Then, we point out that the minimal extension of the
MSSM by introducing a gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry naturally solves this
problem. Here, the breaking scale of the $U(1)_{B-L}$ can be determined quite
independently of the reheating temperature from the required baryon asymmetry.
It is extremely interesting that the obtained scale of the $U(1)_{B-L}$
breaking is well consistent with the one suggested from the seesaw mechanism to
explain the recent neutrino-oscillation experiments. We consider that the
present scenario provides a new determination of the $U(1)_{B-L}$ breaking
scale fully independent of the neutrino masses. We also comment on viability of
the present scenario in anomaly-mediated SUSY breaking models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148531 </DOCNO>
Exact Consequences of the Trace Anomaly in Four Dimensions


  The general form of the stress-tensor three-point function in four dimensions
is obtained by solving the Ward identities for the diffeomorphism and Weyl
symmetries. Several properties of this correlator are discussed, such as the
renormalization and scheme independence and the analogies with the anomalous
chiral triangle. At the critical point, the coefficients a and c of the
four-dimensional trace anomaly are related to two finite, scheme-independent
amplitudes of the three-point function. Off-criticality, the imaginary parts of
these amplitudes satisfy sum rules which express the total
renormalization-group flow of a and c between pairs of critical points.
Although these sum rules are similar to that satisfied by the two-dimensional
central charge, the monotonicity of the flow, i.e. the four-dimensional
analogue of the c-theorem, remains to be proven.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148899 </DOCNO>
Boundary CFT Construction of D-branes in Vacuum String Field Theory


  In previous papers we built (multiple) D-branes in flat space-time as
classical solutions of the string field theory based on the tachyon vacuum. In
this paper we construct classical solutions describing all D-branes in any
fixed space-time background defined by a two-dimensional CFT of central charge
26. A key role is played by the geometrical definition of the sliver state in
general boundary CFT's. The correct values for ratios of D-brane tensions arise
because the norm of the sliver solution is naturally related to the disk
partition function of the appropriate boundary CFT. We also explore the
possibility of reproducing the known spectrum of physical states on a D-brane
as deformations of the sliver.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148210 </DOCNO>
Finite Size Effects in Integrable Quantum Field Theories


  The study of Finite Size Effects in Quantum Field Theory allows the
extraction of precious perturbative and non-perturbative information. The use
of scaling functions can connect the particle content (scattering theory
formulation) of a QFT to its ultraviolet Conformal Field Theory content. If the
model is integrable, a method of investigation through a nonlinear integral
equation equivalent to Bethe Ansatz and deducible from a light-cone lattice
regularization is available. It allows to reconstruct the S-matrix and to
understand the locality properties in terms of Bethe root configurations,
thanks to the link to ultraviolet CFT guaranteed by the exact determination of
scaling function. This method is illustrated in practice for Sine-Gordon /
massive Thirring models, clarifying their locality structure and the issues of
equivalence between the two models. By restriction of the Sine-Gordon model it
is also possible to control the scaling functions of minimal models perturbed
by Phi_1,3

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74043 </DOCNO>
Charmonium suppression in p-A collisions at RHIC


  We discuss charmonium production in proton-nucleus collisions at RHIC
energies under the assumption of xF and x2 scaling. We find that all the
ambiguities due to energy loss are gone at this energy and therefore data will
reveal the scaling law, if any. These p-A data will also be crucial to
interpret nucleus-nucleus data with respect to a possible formation of a quark
gluon plasma because the extrapolations for charmonium production from the
present p-A data to RHIC energies, based on the two scaling laws, differ by a
factor of four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41058 </DOCNO>
Production of pi^+-, K^+-, p and p-bar in Quark, Antiquark and Gluon


  We present measurements of identified charged hadron production over a wide
momentum range using the SLD Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector. In addition to
studying particle production in flavor-inclusive Z^0 decays, we compare the
production in decays into light, c and b flavor events. We also examine
particle production in gluon jets with that in light quark jets. The jet
flavors are selected by using displaced vertex information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126483 </DOCNO>
Population Synthesis and the Diagnostics of High-redshift Galaxies


  The effect of redshift on the observation of distant galaxies is briefly
discussed emphasizing the possible sources of bias in the interpretation of
high-z data. A general energetic criterion to assess physical self-consistency
of evolutionary population synthesis models is also proposed, for a more
appropriate use of this important tool to investigate distinctive properties of
primeval galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75696 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to $bg \to t W^-$ at the CERN


  The next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the Standard Model process of
single top production,
  $bg \to t W^-$, for the CERN Large Hadron Collider with $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV
have been calculated. For renormalization and factorization scales $\mu=\mu_0$
($\mu_0=m_t+m_W$), the NLO hadronic cross section is $\sim 37 $ pb, while $\sim
25 $ pb for tree level. The NLO QCD corrections can enhance the cross section
by a factor from 1.33 to 1.66 for $\frac{\mu_0}{2} < \mu < 2 \mu_0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6141 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of rumor propagation on small-world networks


  We study the dynamics of an epidemic-like model for the spread of a rumor on
a small-world network. It has been shown that this model exhibits a transition
between regimes of localization and propagation at a finite value of the
network randomness. Here, by numerical means, we perform a quantitative
characterization of the evolution in the two regimes. The variant of dynamic
small worlds, where the quenched disorder of small-world networks is replaced
by randomly changing connections between individuals, is also analyzed in
detail and compared with a mean-field approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149056 </DOCNO>
Eternal Black Holes in AdS


  We propose a dual non-perturbative description for maximally extended
Schwarzschild Anti-de-Sitter spacetimes. The description involves two copies of
the conformal field theory associated to the AdS spacetime and an initial
entangled state. In this context we also discuss a version of the information
loss paradox and its resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128318 </DOCNO>
The Frequency of Active and Quiescent Galaxies with Companions:


  We analyze the idea that nuclear activity, either AGN or star formation, can
be triggered by interactions, studying the percentage of active, HII and
quiescent galaxies with companions. Our sample was selected from the Palomar
survey, and avoids selection biases faced by previous studies. The comparison
between the local galaxy density distributions showed that in most cases there
is no statistically significant difference among galaxies of different activity
types. The comparison of the percentage of galaxies with nearby companions
showed that there is a higher percentage of LINERs, transition, and absorption
line galaxies with companions than Seyferts and HII galaxies. However, we find
that when we consider only galaxies of similar morphological types (ellipticals
or spirals), there is no difference in the percentage of galaxies with
companions among different activity types, indicating that the former result
was due to the morphology-density effect. Also, only small differences are
found when we consider galaxies with similar Halpha luminosities. The
comparison between HII galaxies of different Halpha luminosities shows that
there is a significantly higher percentage of galaxies with companions among
the higher luminosity HII galaxies, indicating that interactions increase the
amount of circumnuclear star formation, in agreement with previous results. The
fact that we find that galaxies of different activity types have the same
percentage of companions, suggests that interactions between galaxies is not a
necessary condition to trigger the nuclear activity in AGNs. We compare our
results with previous ones and discuss their implications. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1969 </DOCNO>
Low-energy vibrational density of states of plasticized poly(methyl


  The low-energy vibrational density of states (VDOS)of hydrogenated or
deuterated poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)plasticized by dibutyl phtalate (DBP)
is determined by inelastic neutron scattering.From experiment, it is equal to
the sum of the ones of the PMMA and DBP components.However, a partition of the
total low-energy VDOS among PMMA and DBP was observed.Contrary to Raman
scattering, neutron scattering does not show enhancement of the boson peak due
to plasticization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95854 </DOCNO>
Mean curvature 1 surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space with low total curvature


  In this work, complete constant mean curvature 1 (CMC-1) surfaces in
hyperbolic 3-space with total absolute curvature at most 4 pi are classified.
This classification suggests that the Cohn-Vossen inequality can be sharpened
for surfaces with odd numbers of ends, and a proof of this is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95520 </DOCNO>
Excision for simplicial sheaves on the Stein site and Gromov's Oka


  A complex manifold $X$ satisfies the Oka-Grauert property if the inclusion
$\Cal O(S,X) \hookrightarrow \Cal C(S,X)$ is a weak equivalence for every Stein
manifold $S$, where the spaces of holomorphic and continuous maps from $S$ to
$X$ are given the compact-open topology. Gromov's Oka principle states that if
$X$ has a spray, then it has the Oka-Grauert property. The purpose of this
paper is to investigate the Oka-Grauert property using homotopical algebra. We
embed the category of complex manifolds into the model category of simplicial
sheaves on the site of Stein manifolds. Our main result is that the Oka-Grauert
property is equivalent to $X$ representing a finite homotopy sheaf on the Stein
site. This expresses the Oka-Grauert property in purely holomorphic terms,
without reference to continuous maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98830 </DOCNO>
Commensurate Harmonic Oscillators: Classical Symmetries


  The symmetry properties of a classical N-dimensional harmonic oscillator with
rational frequency ratios are studied from a global point of view. A
commensurate oscillator possesses the same number of globally defined constants
of motion as an isotropic oscillator. In both cases invariant phase-space
functions form the algebra su(N) with respect to the Poisson bracket. In the
isotropic case, the phase-space flows generated by the invariants can be
integrated globally to a set of finite transformations isomorphic to the group
SU(N). For a commensurate oscillator, however, the group SU(N) of symmetry
transformations is found to exist only on a reduced phase space, due to
unavoidable singularities of the flow in the full phase space. It is therefore
crucial to distinguish carefully between local and global definitions of
symmetry transformations in phase space. This result solves the longstanding
problem of which symmetry to associate with a commensurate harmonic oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75813 </DOCNO>
The CP Puzzle in the Strong Interactions


  This lecture, directed to an broad audience including non-specialists,
presents a short review of the problem of strong CP symmetry maintenance. The
problem is defined and the possible solutions briefly reviewed. I discuss the
way in which Roberto Peccei and I came up with one solution, generally known as
Peccei-Quinn symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1232 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariance and Hall Terms in the Quasiclassical Equations of


  This paper presents a careful derivation of the quasiclassical equations of
superconductivity so that a manifest gauge invariance is retained with respect
to the space-time arguments of the quasiclassical Green's function $\hat{g}$.
The terms responsible for the Hall effect naturally appear from the derivation.
The equations are applicable to clean as well as dirty superconductors for an
arbitrary external frequency much smaller than the Fermi energy. Thus, they
will form a basis toward a complete microscopic understanding of the Hall
effect in type-II superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87085 </DOCNO>
Recycling strange stars to millisecond periods


  Recycling strange stars to millisecond periods is studied within the
framework of general relativity. We employ equations of state of strange quark
matter based on the MIT Bag Model, with massive strange quarks and lowest order
QCD interactions. The presence of the crust of normal matter is taken into
account, with a bottom density assumed to be equal to the neutron-drip one. The
calculations are performed by solving the exact 2-D equations for rigidly
rotating stationary configurations in general relativity. Evolutionary tracks
of accreting strange stars are computed, and their dependence on the initial
strange star mass and on the fraction of the angular momentum transferred to
the star from the infalling matter, is studied. The differences between
recycling strange stars and neutron stars are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128754 </DOCNO>
Cross-Correlation of the Cosmic Microwave Background with Radio Sources:


  We present a new limit on the cosmological constant based on the absence of
correlations between the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the distribution
of distant radio sources. In the cosmological constant-cold dark matter models
currently favored, such correlations should have been produced via the
integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, assuming that radio sources trace the local
(z=1) matter density. We find no evidence of correlations between the COBE 53Hz
microwave map and the NVSS 1.4 GHz radio survey. The implied 95% CL limit on
the cosmological constant is Lambda < 0.74, in marginal agreement with the
values suggested by recent measurements of the CMB anisotropy and type-IA
supernovae observations, 0.6 < Lambda < 0.7. If the cosmological model does lie
in this range, then the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect should be detectable with
upcoming CMB maps and radio surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150309 </DOCNO>
Multi-Trace Operators, Boundary Conditions, And AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We argue that multi-trace interactions in quantum field theory on the
boundary of AdS space can be incorporated in the AdS/CFT correspondence by
using a more general boundary condition for the bulk fields than has been
considered hitherto. We illustrate the procedure for a renormalizable
four-dimensional field theory with a $(\Tr \Phi^2)^2$ interaction. In this
example, we show how the AdS fields with the appropriate boundary condition
reproduce the renormalization group effects found in the boundary field theory.
We also construct in related examples a line of fixed points with a
nonperturbative duality, and a flow between two methods of quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 364 </DOCNO>
Unusual scaling for pulsed laser deposition


  We demonstrate that a simple model for pulsed laser deposition exhibits an
unusual type of scaling behavior for the island density in the submonolayer
regime. This quantity is studied as function of pulse intensity and deposition
time. We find a data collapse for the ratios of the logarithms of these
quantities, whereas conventional scaling as observed in molecular beam epitaxy
involves ratios of powers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6394 </DOCNO>
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of


  Using an interplay between molecular dynamics (MD) and scanning tunneling
microscopy (STM) we have studied the intersection of dislocations with a
Ag(111) surface, a model system for the more general situation of an extended
crystal defect intersecting a metal surface. The broken translational symmetry
at the surface permits the dissociation width of the dislocation to change
significantly at the surface, which is clearly observed in both simulations and
experiment. The near-surface structures obtained from the simulation are in
good agreement with the STM data. Hereby a link is established between
atomically resolved experimental surface structures and bulk structures
inaccessible by STM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114421 </DOCNO>
Shape reconstruction in X-ray tomography from a small number of


  X-ray tomographic image reconstruction consists of determining an object
function from its projections. In many applications such as non-destructive
testing, we look for a fault region (air) in a homogeneous, known background
(metal). The image reconstruction problem then becomes the determination of the
shape of the default region. Two approaches can be used: modeling the image as
a binary Markov random field and estimating the pixels of the image, or
modeling the shape of the fault and estimating it directly from the
projections. In this work we model the fault shape by a deformable polygonal
disc or a deformable polyhedral volume and propose a new method for directly
estimating the coordinates of its vertices from a very limited number of its
projections. The basic idea is not new, but in other competing methods, in
general, the fault shape is modeled by a small number of parameters (polygonal
shapes with very small number of vertices, snakes and deformable templates) and
these parameters are estimated either by least squares or by maximum likelihood
methods. We propose modeling the shape of the fault region by a polygon with a
large number of vertices, allowing modeling of nearly any shape and estimation
of its vertices' coordinates directly from the projections by defining the
solution as the minimizer of an appropriate regularized criterion. This
formulation can also be interpreted as a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate in
a Bayesian estimation framework. To optimize this criterion we use either a
simulated annealing or a special purpose deterministic algorithm based on
iterated conditional modes (ICM). The simulated results are very encouraging,
especially when the number and the angles of projections are very limited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6182 </DOCNO>
Transport signatures of correlated disorder in a two-dimensional


  We report electronic transport measurements on two-dimensional electron gases
in a Ga[Al]As heterostructure with an embedded layer of InAs self-assembled
quantum dots. At high InAs dot densities, pronounced Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak
magnetoresistance oscillations are observed, which indicate short-range
ordering of the potential landscape formed by the charged dots and the strain
fields. The presence of these oscillations coincides with the observation of a
metal-insulator transition, and a maximum in the electron mobility as a
function of the electron density. Within a model based on correlated disorder,
we establish a relation between these effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113943 </DOCNO>
A single hollow beam optical trap for cold atoms


  We present an optical trap for atoms that we have developed for precision
spectroscopy measurements. Cold atoms are captured in a dark region of space
inside a blue-detuned hollow laser beam formed by an axicon. We analyze the
light potential in a ray optics picture and experimentally demonstrate trapping
of laser-cooled metastable xenon atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40843 </DOCNO>
Precise Measurement of Dimuon Production Cross-Sections in muon neutrino


  We present measurements of the semi-inclusive cross-sections for muon
neutrino and muon antineutrino-nucleon deep inelastic scattering interactions
with two oppositely charged muons in the final state. These events dominantly
arise from production of a charm quark during the scattering process. The
measurement was obtained from the analysis of 5102 muon neutrino-induced and
1458 muon antineutrino-induced events collected with the NuTeV detector exposed
to a sign-selected beam at the Fermilab Tevatron. We also extract a
cross-section measurement from a re-analysis of 5030 muon neutrino-induced and
1060 muon antineutrino-induced vents collected from the exposure of the same
detector to a quad-triplet beam by the CCFR experiment. The results are
combined to obtain the most statistically precise measurement of
neutrino-induced dimuon production cross-sections to date. These measurements
should be of broad use to phenomenologists interested in the dynamics of charm
production, the strangeness content of the nucleon, and the CKM matrix element
Vcd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149380 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear differential equations for the correlation functions of the 2D


  We derive determinant representations and nonlinear differential equations
for the scaled 2-point functions of the 2D Ising model on the cylinder. These
equations generalize well-known results for the infinite lattice (Painlev\'e
III equation and the equation for the $\tau$-function of Painlev\'e V).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3892 </DOCNO>
Theory of Ferromagnetism in Ca1-xLaxB6


  Novel ferromagnetism in Ca$_{1-x}$La$_{x}$B$_6$ is studied in terms of the
Ginzburg-Landau theory for excitonic order parameters, taking into account
symmetry of the wavefunctions. We found that the minima of the free energy
break both inversion and time-reversal symmetries, while the product of these
two remains preserved. This explains various novelties of the ferromagnetism
and predicts a number of magnetic properties, including the magnetoelectric
effect, which can be tested experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4555 </DOCNO>
Signature of the staggered flux state around a superconducting vortex in


  Based on the SU(2) lattice gauge theory formulation of the t-J model, we
discuss possible signature of the unit cell doubling associated with the
staggered flux (SF) state in the lightly doped spin liquid. Although the SF
state appears only dynamically in a uniform d-wave superconducting (SC) state,
a topological defect [SU(2) vortex] freezes the SF state inside the vortex
core. Consequently, the unit cell doubling shows up in the hopping
($\chi_{ij}$) and pairing ($\Delta_{ij}$) order parameters of physical
electrons. We find that whereas the center in the vortex core is a SF state, as
one moves away from the core center, a correlated staggered modulation of
$\chi_{ij}$ and $\Delta_{ij}$ becomes predominant. We predict that over the
region outside the core and inside the internal gauge field penetration depth
around a vortex center, the local density-of-states (LDOS) exhibits staggered
peak-dip (SPD) structure inside the V-shaped profile when measured on the
bonds. The SPD structure has its direct origin in the unit cell doubling
associated with the SF core and the robust topological texture, which has
little to do with the symmetry of the d-wave order parameter. Therefore the
structure may survive the tunneling matrix element effects and easily be
detected by STM experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113592 </DOCNO>
Tachyons, Quanta, and Chaos


  It is shown using numerical simulation that classical charged tachyons have
several features normally thought to be unique to quantum mechanics. Spin-like
self-orbiting helical motions are shown to exist at discrete values for the
velocity of the tachyon in Feynman-Wheeler electrodynamics and in normal causal
electrodynamics more complex closed orbits also appear to exist. Tunneling
behavior of the classical tachyon is observed at classical turning points
depending on the angle of incidence. The equations of motion appear to be
chaotic and effectively indeterministic when the tachyon crosses its own past
light cone. It is argued that self-interacting tachyons moving in a tight helix
would behave causally, and that they could be a basis for a hidden variable
description of quantum mechanics. A procedure is proposed which could determine
the fine structure constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169340 </DOCNO>
A mechanistic macroscopic physical entity with a three-dimensional


  It is sometimes stated that Gleason's theorem prevents the construction of
hidden-variable models for quantum entities described in a more than
two-dimensional Hilbert space. In this paper however we explicitly construct a
classical (macroscopical) system that can be represented in a three-dimensional
real Hilbert space, the probability structure appearing as the result of a lack
of knowledge about the measurement context. We briefly discuss Gleason's
theorem from this point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126532 </DOCNO>
Line ratios for Helium-like ions: Applications to collision-dominated


  The line ratios R and G of the three main lines of He-like ions (triplet:
resonance, intercombination, forbidden lines) are calculated for CV, NVI, OVII,
NeIX, MgXI, and SiXIII. These ratios can be used to derive electron density n_e
and temperature T_e of hot late-type stellar coronae and O, B stars from
high-resolution spectra obtained with Chandra (LETGS, HETGS) and XMM-Newton
(RGS). All excitation and radiative processes between the levels and the effect
of upper-level cascades from collisional electronic excitation and from
dielectronic and radiative recombination have been considered. When possible
the best experimental values for radiative transition probabilities are used.
For the higher-Z ions (i.e. NeIX, MgXI, SiXIII) possible contributions from
blended dielectronic satellite lines to each line of the triplets were included
in the calculations of the line ratios R and G for four specific spectral
resolutions: RGS, LETGS, HETGS-MEG, HETGS-HEG. The influence of an external
stellar radiation field on the coupling of the 2^3S (upper level of the
forbidden line) and 2^3P levels (upper levels of the intercombination lines) is
taken into account. This process is mainly important for the lower-Z ions (i.e.
CV, NVI, OVII) at moderate radiation temperature (T_rad).
 These improved calculations were done for plasmas in collisional ionization
equilibrium, but will be later extended to photo-ionized plasmas and to
transient ionization plasmas. The values for R and G are given in extensive
tables, for a large range of parameters, which could be used directly to
compare to the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96175 </DOCNO>
Integrability of characteristic Hamiltonian systems on simple Lie groups


  Phase space of a characteristic Hamiltonian system is a symplectic leaf of a
factorizable Poisson Lie group. Its Hamiltonian is a restriction to the
symplectic leaf of a function on the group which is invariant with respect to
conjugations. It is shown in this paper that such system is always integrable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76082 </DOCNO>
On suppressing the Higgsino-mediated proton decay in SUSY SO(10) GUT's


  Using the freedom in SO(10) GUT's one can generalize the existing models
without changing the mass spectrum of fermions to obtain a significant
suppression of proton decay resulting from the baryon number violating
operators of dimension 5. In some limiting cases, their contributions can be
made negligible compared to the dimension 6 operators resulting from the heavy
gauge bosons exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76142 </DOCNO>
Chiral unitary approach to S-wave meson baryon scattering in the


  We study the S-wave interaction of mesons with baryons in the strangeness S=0
sector in a coupled channel unitary approach. The basic dynamics is drawn from
the lowest order meson baryon chiral Lagrangians. Small modifications inspired
by models with explicit vector meson exchange in the t-channel are also
considered. In addition the pi pi N channel is included and shown to have an
important repercussion in the results, particularly in the isospin 3/2 sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3137 </DOCNO>
A Distribution of Tunnel Splittings in Mn$_{12}$-Acetate


  In magnetic fields applied parallel to the anisotropy axis, the relaxation of
the magnetization of Mn$_{12}$ measured for different sweep rates is shown to
collapse onto a single scaled curve. The form of the scaling implies that the
dominant symmetry-breaking process that gives rise to tunneling is a locally
varying second-order anisotropy, forbidden by tetragonal symmetry in the
perfect crystal, which gives rise to a broad distribution of tunnel splittings
in a real crystal of Mn$_{12}$-acetate. Different forms applied to even and
odd-numbered steps provide a distinction between even step resonances
(associated with crystal anisotropy) and odd resonances (which require a
transverse component of magnetic field).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95867 </DOCNO>
Some cyclotomic additive Galois cohomology rings


  Let p be an odd prime, let Z_(p) denote the localization of Z at the prime
ideal (p). We consider the cyclotomic extension Z_(p)[zeta_{p^2}] of Z_(p),
with Galois group G = (Z/p^2)^*. Since this extension is wildly ramified,
Z_(p)[zeta_{p^2}] is not projective as a module over the group ring Z_(p) G. We
calculate its cohomology ring H^*(G,Z_(p)[zeta_{p^2}];Z_(p)), the
multiplication being given by cup product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127134 </DOCNO>
Monitoring Variability of the Sky


  Variability in the sky has been known for centuries, even millennia, but our
knowledge of it is very incomplete even at the bright end. Current technology
makes it possible to built small, robotic optical instruments, to record images
and to process data in real time, and to archive them on-line, all at a low
cost. In addition to obtaining complete catalogs of all kinds of variable
objects, spectacular discoveries can be made, like the optical flash associated
with GRB 990123 and a planetary transit in front of HD 209458. While prototypes
of such robotic instruments have been in operation for several years, it is not
possible to purchase a complete system at this time. I expect (hope) that
complete systems will become available `off the shelf' in the near future, as
monitoring bright sky for variability has a great scientific, educational and
public outreach potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72965 </DOCNO>
Hadron masses and power corrections to event shapes


  It is widely believed that hadronisation leads to 1/Q corrections to e+e-
event shapes. We show that there are further corrections, proportional to (ln
Q)^A/Q with A=4C_A/beta_0~=1.6, associated with hadron masses and whose
relative normalisations can be calculated from one observable to another. At
today's energies these extra corrections can be of the same order of magnitude
as `traditional' 1/Q corrections. They fall into two classes: universal and
non-universal. The latter can be eliminated by suitable redefinitions of the
observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6651 </DOCNO>
Oscillations in the photocurrent from quantum dots: Geometric


  We demonstrate that the current of photoelectrons from a quantum dot exhibits
oscillations as a function of the photon energy owing to the predominant
ionization from the dot boundary. In the Fourier reciprocal space of the
photoelectron wave vector these oscillations reveal frequencies connected to
the confinement range. We attribute the oscillation in the recent photocurrent
measurements by Fry et al. (PRL 84, 733 (2000)) to this phenomenon.
Angle-resolved and angle-integrated experiments with the focus on directly
imaging the confining potential are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86627 </DOCNO>
Projective Formalism and Some Methods from Algebraic Geometry in the


  The purpose of this paper is to propose the implementation of some methods
from algebraic geometry in the theory of gravitation, and more especially in
the variational formalism. It has been assumed that the metric tensor depends
on two vector fields, defined on a manifold, and also that the gravitational
Lagrangian depends on the metric tensor and its first and second differentials
(instead on the partial or covariant derivatives, as usually assumed).
  Assuming also different operators of variation and differentiation, it has
been shown that the first variation of the gravitational Lagrangian can be
represented as a third-rank polynomial in respect to the variables, defined in
terms of the variated or differentiated vector fields. Therefore, the solution
of the variational problem is found to be equivalent to finding all the
variables - elements of an algebraic variety, which satisfy the algebraic
equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6961 </DOCNO>
Influence of correlations on the velocity statistics of scalar granular


  The free evolution of inelastic particles in one dimension is studied by
means of Molecular Dynamics (MD), of an inelastic pseudo-Maxwell model and of a
lattice model, with emphasis on the role of spatial correlations. We present an
exact solution of the 1d granular pseudo-Maxwell model for the scaling
distribution of velocities and discuss how this model fails to describe
correctly the homogeneous cooling stage of the 1d granular gas. Embedding the
pseudo-Maxwell gas on a lattice (hence allowing for the onset of spatial
correlations), we find a much better agreement with the MD simulations even in
the inhomogeneous regime. This is seen by comparing the velocity distributions,
the velocity profiles and the structure factors of the velocity field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83626 </DOCNO>
A Vector Representation of 3D Rotations


  A set of algorithms is demonstrated for handling rotations in a
three-dimensional space. In these algorithms the rotation is itself represented
as a three-dimensional vector. The vector is parallel to the axis of rotation
and its three components transform covariantly on change of coordinates. The
mapping from rotations to vectors is 1:1 apart from computation error. The
discontinuities of the representation require special handling but are not
problematic. The rotation matrix can be generated efficiently from the vector
without the use of transcendental functi ons, and vice-versa. The
representation is more efficient than Euler angles, has affinities with
Hassenpflug's Argyris angles and is very closely related to the quaternion
representation. However the present paper gives efficient algorithms for
computing the set of rotations which map a given vector to another of the same
length, and the rotation which maps a given pair of vectors to another pair of
the same length and subtended angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179238 </DOCNO>
The $\eta NN$-system at low energy within a three-body approach


  The role of the $\eta NN$-interaction is studied in the low energy regime in
$\eta$-deuteron reactions as well as in coherent and incoherent
$\eta$-photoproduction on the deuteron using a three-body model with separable
two-body interactions. The three-body approach turns out to be quite essential
in the most important lowest partial wave. Results are presented for
differential and total cross sections as well as for the $\eta$-meson spectrum.
They differ significantly from those predicted by a simple rescattering model
in which only first-order $\eta N$- and $NN$-interactions in the final state
are considered. The major features of the experimental data of
$\eta$-photoproduction in the near-threshold region are well reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96624 </DOCNO>
Fibre bundle formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics. I.


  We propose a new fibre bundle formulation of the mathematical base of
relativistic quantum mechanics. At the present stage the bundle form of the
theory is equivalent to its conventional one, but it admits new types of
generalizations in different directions.
  In the present first part of our investigation we consider the time-dependent
or Hamiltonian approach to bundle description of relativistic quantum
mechanics. In it the wavefunctions are replaced by (state) liftings of paths or
sections along paths of a suitably chosen vector bundle over space-time whose
(standard) fibre is the space of the wavefunctions. Now the quantum evolution
is described as a linear transportation (by means of the evolution transport
along paths in the space-time) of the state liftings/sections in the (total)
bundle space. The equations of these transportations turn to be the bundle
versions of the corresponding relativistic wave equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1617 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluctuation induced spatial stochastic resonance at zero


  We consider a model in which the quantum fluctuation can be controlled and
show that the system responds to a spatially periodic external field at zero
temperature. This signifies the occurrence of spatial stochastic resonance
where the fluctuations are purely quantum in nature. Various features of the
phenomenon are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123508 </DOCNO>
SuperAGILE: the X-ray Monitor of the AGILE gamma-ray Mission


  SuperAGILE is the X-ray stage of the AGILE gamma-ray mission. It is devoted
to monitor X-ray (10-40 keV) sources with a sensitivity better than 10 mCrabs
in 50 ks and to detect X-ray transients in a field of view of 1.8 sr, well
matched to that of the gamma-ray tracker, with few arc-minutes position
resolution and better than 5 us timing resolution. SuperAGILE is designed to
exploit one additional layer of four Si microstrip detectors placed on top of
the AGILE tracker, and a system of four mutually orthogonal one-dimensional
coded masks to encode the X-ray sky. The total geometric area is 1444 cm^2. Low
noise electronics based on ASIC technology composes the front-end read out. We
present here the instrumental and astrophysical performances of SuperAGILE as
derived by analytical calculations, Monte Carlo simulations and experimental
tests on a prototype of the silicon microstrip detector and front-end
electronics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168785 </DOCNO>
Tests of Bell Inequalities


  According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality
are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not
been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality
and detection efficiency loopholes, although making a very significant
progress, have conceptual drawbacks. The important task is constructing quantum
devices which will allow winning games of certain correlated replies against
any classical team. A novel game of this type is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73106 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle production at RHIC and LHC: a classical point of view


  We report results of our ongoing nonperturbative numerical study of a
classical effective theory describing low-x partons in the central region of a
heavy-ion collision. In particular, we give estimates of the initial transverse
energies and multiplicities for a wide range of collision regimes, including
those at RHIC and at LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98259 </DOCNO>
Pointed Hopf algebras


  This is a survey on pointed Hopf algebras over algebraically closed fields of
characteristic 0. We propose to classify pointed Hopf algebras $A$ by first
determining the graded Hopf algebra $\gr A$ associated to the coradical
filtration of $A$. The $A_{0}$-coinvariants elements form a braided Hopf
algebra $R$ in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over the coradical
$A_{0} = \ku \Gamma$, $\Gamma$ the group of group-like elements of $A$, and
$\gr A \simeq R # A_{0}$. We call the braiding of the primitive elements of $R$
the infinitesimal braiding of $A$. If this braiding is of Cartan type
\cite{AS2}, then it is often possible to determine $R$, to show that $R$ is
generated as an algebra by its primitive elements and finally to compute all
deformations or liftings, that is pointed Hopf algebras such that $\gr A \simeq
R # \ku \Gamma$. In the last Chapter, as a concrete illustration of the method,
we describe explicitly all finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras $A$ with
abelian group of group-likes $G(A)$ and infinitesimal braiding of type $A_{n}$
(up to some exceptional cases). In other words, we compute all the liftings of
type $A_n$; this result is our main new contribution in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127533 </DOCNO>
Population Gradients in Local Group Dwarf Spheroidals


  We present a systematic and homogeneous analysis of population gradients for
the Local Group dwarf spheroidals (dSphs) Carina, Sculptor, Sextans, Tucana,
Andromeda I-III, V, and VI. For all of the Milky Way companions studied here we
find significant population gradients. The same is true for the remote dSph
Tucana located at the outskirts of the LG. Among the M 31 dSph companions only
Andromeda I and VI show obvious gradients. In all cases where a HB morphology
gradient is visible, the red HB stars are more centrally concentrated. The
occurence of a HB morphological gradient shows a correlation with a morphology
gradient in the red giant branch. It seems likely that metallicity is the
driver of the gradients in Sextans, Sculptor, Tucana, and Andromeda VI, while
age is an important factor in Carina. We find no evidence that the vicinity of
a nearby massive spiral galaxy influences the formation of the population
gradients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96015 </DOCNO>
Unification of independence in quantum probability


  For a family of unital free *-algebras with a family of states on them, we
construct a sequence of noncommutative probability spaces, which are tensor
product algebras with tensor product states and which approximate the free
product of states in the sense of convergence of mixed moments to those of free
random variables. The constructed sequence of noncommutative probability spaces
is called the hierarchy of freeness with the corresponding states called m-free
products of states. The first-order approximation corresponding to m=1 gives
the Boolean product of states. Thus the product states for the main types of
noncommutative independence can be obtained from tensor products of states.
Therefore, this approach can be viewed as a unification of independence. We
also show how to associate a cocommutative *-bialgebra with the m-free product
of states. This approach is developed in the paper for the more general case of
the conditionally free product of states and can be easily extended to families
of sequences of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98194 </DOCNO>
Conformal compactification and cycle-preserving symmetries of spacetimes


  The cycle-preserving symmetries for the nine two-dimensional real spaces of
constant curvature are collectively obtained within a Cayley-Klein framework.
This approach affords a unified and global study of the conformal structure of
the three classical Riemannian spaces as well as of the six relativistic and
non-relativistic spacetimes (Minkowskian, de Sitter, anti-de Sitter, both
Newton-Hooke and Galilean), and gives rise to general expressions holding
simultaneously for all of them. Their metric structure and cycles (lines with
constant geodesic curvature that include geodesics and circles) are explicitly
characterized. The corresponding cyclic (Mobius-like) Lie groups together with
the differential realizations of their algebras are then deduced; this
derivation is new and much simpler than the usual ones and applies to any
homogeneous space in the Cayley-Klein family, whether flat or curved and with
any signature. Laplace and wave-type differential equations with conformal
algebra symmetry are constructed. Furthermore, the conformal groups are
realized as matrix groups acting as globally defined linear transformations in
a four-dimensional "conformal ambient space", which in turn leads to an
explicit description of the "conformal completion" or compactification of the
nine spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96760 </DOCNO>
About Some Regge-Like Relations for (stable) Black Holes


  We associated, in a classical formulation of "strong gravity", hadron
constituents with suitable stationary, axisymmetric solutions of some new
Einstein-type equations supposed to describe the strong field inside hadrons.
These new equations can be obtained by the Einstein equations with cosmological
term Lambda. As a consequence, Lambda and the masses M result in our theory to
be scaled up, and transformed into a "hadronic constant" and into "strong
masses", respectively. Due to the unusual range of Lambda and M values
considered, we met a series of solutions of the Kerr-Newman-de Sitter
(hereafter KNdS) type with rather interesting properties. The requirement that
those solutions be stable, i.e., that their temperature (or surface gravity) be
vanishingly small, implies the coincidence of at least two of their (in
general, three) horizons. Imposing the stability condition of a certain horizon
does yield (once chosen the values of J, q and Lambda) mass and radius of the
associated black-hole (hereafter BH). In the case of ordinary Einstein
equations and for stable BHs of the KNdS type, we get in particular Regge-like
(hereafter RL) relations among mass M, angular momentum J, charge q and
cosmological constant Lambda; which did not receive enough attention in the
previous literature. Besides, we show some particular and interesting cases of
these relations. Another interesting point is that, with few exceptions, all
such relations (among M, J, q, Lambda) lead to solutions that can be regarded
as (stable) cosmological models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150233 </DOCNO>
Low Momentum Scattering in the Dirac Equation


  It is shown that the amplitude for reflection of a Dirac particle with
arbitrarily low momentum incident on a potential of finite range is -1 and
hence the transmission coefficient T=0 in general. If however the potential
supports a half-bound state at k=0 this result does not hold. In the case of an
asymmetric potential the transmission coefficient T will be non-zero whilst for
a symmetric potential T=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74458 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of Dark Matter Detection


  Direct and indirect dark matter detection relies on the scattering of the
dark matter candidate on nucleons or nuclei. Here, attention is focused on dark
matter candidates (neutralinos) predicted in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model and its constrained version with universal input soft
supersymmetry-breaking masses. Current expectations for elastic scattering
cross sections for neutralinos on protons are discussed with particular
attention to satisfying all current accelerator constraints as well as insuring
a sufficient cosmological relic density to account for the dark matter in the
Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97520 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum of a linearized 2D Euler operator


  We study the spectral properties of the linearized Euler operator obtained by
linearizing the equations of incompressible two dimensional fluid at a steady
state with the vorticity that contains only two nonzero complex conjugate
Fourier modes.
  We prove that the essential spectrum coincides with the imaginary axis, and
give an estimate from above for the number of isolated nonimaginary
eigenvalues. In addition, we prove that the spectral mapping theorem holds for
the group generated by the linearized 2D Euler operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 888 </DOCNO>
Constructing, characterizing, and simulating Gaussian and higher-order


  The definition and the properties of a Gaussian point distribution, in
contrast to the well-known properties of a Gaussian random field are discussed.
Constraints for the number density and the two-point correlation function
arise. A simple method for the simulation of this so-called Gauss-Poisson point
process is given and illustrated with an example. The comparison of the
distribution of galaxies in the PSCz catalogue with the Gauss-Poisson process
underlines the importance of higher-order correlation functions for the
description for the galaxy distribution. The construction of the Gauss-Poisson
point process is extended to the n-point Poisson cluster process, now
incorporating correlation functions up to the nth-order. The simulation methods
and constraints on the correlation functions are discussed for the n-point case
and detailed for the three-point case. As another approach, well suited for
strongly clustered systems, the generalized halo-model is discussed. The
influence of substructure inside the halos on the two- and three-point
correlation functions is calculated in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 914 </DOCNO>
Electron-phonon interaction in the normal and superconducting states of


  For the 40K-superconductor MgB2 we have calculated the electronic and
phononic structures and the electron-phonon interaction throughout the
Brillouin zone ab initio. In contrast to the isoelectronic graphite, MgB2 has
holes in the bonding sigma-bands, which contribute 42 per cent to the density
of states: N(0) =0.355 states/(MgB2 eV spin). The total interaction strength,
lambda =0.87 and lambda,tr=0.60, is dominated by the coupling of the
sigma-holes to the bond-stretching optical phonons with wavenumbers in a narrow
range around 590 cm^{-1}. Like the holes, these phonons are quasi
two-dimensional and have wave-vectors close to Gamma-A, where their symmetry is
E. The pi-electrons contribute merely 0.25 to lambda and to lambda,tr. With
Eliashberg theory we evaluate the normal-state resistivity, the density of
states in the superconductor, and the B-isotope effect on Tc and Delta0, and
find excellent agreement with experiments, when available. Tc=40 K is
reproduced with mu*=0.10 and 2Delta0/kB Tc=3.9. MgB2 thus seems to be an
intermediate-coupling e-ph pairing s-wave superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114507 </DOCNO>
On the statistics of wind gusts


  Velocity measurements of wind blowing near the North Sea border of Northern
Germany and velocity measurements under local isotropic conditions of a
turbulent wake behind a cylinder are compared. It is shown that wind gusts -
measured by means of velocity increments - do show similar statistics to the
laboratory data, if they are conditioned on an averaged wind speed value. Clear
differences between the laboratory data and the atmospheric wind velocity
measurement are found for the waiting time statistics between successive gusts
above a certain threshold of interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149905 </DOCNO>
Rational Conformal Field Theories With G_2 Holonomy


  We study conformal field theories for strings propagating on compact,
seven-dimensional manifolds with G_2 holonomy. In particular, we describe the
construction of rational examples of such models. We argue that analogues of
Gepner models are to be constructed based not on N=1 minimal models, but on Z_2
orbifolds of N=2 models. In Z_2 orbifolds of Gepner models times a circle, it
turns out that unless all levels are even, there are no new Ramond ground
states from twisted sectors. In examples such as the quintic Calabi-Yau, this
reflects the fact that the classical geometric orbifold singularity can not be
resolved without violating G_2 holonomy. We also comment on supersymmetric
boundary states in such theories, which correspond to D-branes wrapping
supersymmetric cycles in the geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125006 </DOCNO>
On the accretion flow geometry in A0535+26


  The geometry of accretion flow in the Be/X-ray transient A0535+26 is
explored. It is shown that neither moderate nor giant X-ray flaring events
observed in the system can be interpreted within the spherically symmetrical
accretion model and hence the formation of an accretion disk around the neutron
star magnetosphere during the both types of flares is required. The accretion
disk can be formed at the periastron if (i) the expansion velocity of the Be
star envelope in the equatorial plane is V_wr < 150 km/s and (ii) the parameter
accounting for the accretion flow inhomogeneities, xi, satisfies the following
condition: xi > 0.16 (Mdot_17)^-1/7, where (Mdot_17)^-1/7 is the rate of mass
capture by the neutron star expressed in units of 1017 g/s. We suggest that the
`missing' outburst phenomenon can be associated with the spherically
symmetrical accretion onto the interchange-stable magnetosphere of the neutron
star. The average spin up rate of the neutron star during moderate flares < 3.5
x 10^-12 Hz/s is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113509 </DOCNO>
Exact zero-energy solution for a new family of Anharmonic Potentials


  An explicit, oscillatory solution of the type r = [A + B sin(wt)]exp(a) is
found for the zero-energy one-dimensional motion of a particle under a specific
family of anharmonic potentials. We present a new parametric family of
anharmonic potentials for which one is able to obtain closed analytical
solutions for the trajectories of zero-energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125761 </DOCNO>
IRAS 11590-6452 in BHR 71 - a binary protostellar system?


  New AAT near-infrared and SEST 12CO J=2-1 observations are combined with
existing ISO mid-infrared and ATCA cm radio continuum observations to examine
the protostellar content of the Bok globule BHR 71. Together with observations
of Herbig-Haro objects, these data show: (1) Two protostellar sources, IRS1 and
IRS2, with a separation of ~17 arcsec (3400 AU) are located within BHR 71. (2)
Each protostar is driving its own molecular outflow. The outflow from IRS1 is
much larger in extent, is more massive, and dominates the CO emission. (3) Both
protostars are associated with Herbig-Haro objects and shock excited 2.122
micron H2 v=1-0S(1) emission, which coincide spatially with their CO outflows.
(4) IRS1 is associated with cm continuum emission, with a flat or rising
spectrum which is consistent with free-free emission, a signpost of
protostellar origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 975 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of the Josephson current by an exchange field in


  We calculate the dc Josephson current for two superconductor-ferromagnet
(S/F) bilayers separated by a thin insulating film. It is demonstrated that the
critical Josephson current $I_{c}$ in the junction strongly depends on the
relative orientation of the effective exchange field $h$ of the bilayers. We
found that in the case of an antiparallel orientation, $I_{c}$ increases at low
temperatures with increasing $h$ and at zero temperature has a singularity when
$h$ equals the superconducting gap $\Delta $. This striking behavior contrasts
suppression of the critical current by the magnetic moments aligned in parallel
and is an interesting new effect of the interplay between superconductors and
ferromagnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 337 </DOCNO>
Weighted Evolving Networks


  Many biological, ecological and economic systems are best described by
weighted networks, as the nodes interact with each other with varying strength.
However, most network models studied so far are binary, the link strength being
either 0 or 1. In this paper we introduce and investigate the scaling
properties of a class of models which assign weights to the links as the
network evolves. The combined numerical and analytical approach indicates that
asymptotically the total weight distribution converges to the scaling behavior
of the connectivity distribution, but this convergence is hampered by strong
logarithmic corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168403 </DOCNO>
Entanglement in a two-identical-particle system


  The definition of entanglement in identical-particle system is introduced.
The separability criterion in two-identical particle system is given. The
physical meaning of the definition is analysed. Applications to two-boson and
two-fermion systems are made. It is found new entanglement and correlation
phenomena in identical-boson systems exist, and they may have applications in
the field of quantum information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114017 </DOCNO>
Impulse Gravity Generator Based on Charged YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y}


  The detection of apparent anomalous forces in the vicinity of high-Tc
superconductors under non equilibrium conditions has stimulated an experimental
research in which the operating parameters of the experiment have been pushed
to values higher than those employed in previous attempts. The results confirm
the existence of an unexpected physical interaction. An apparatus has been
constructed and tested in which the superconductor is subjected to peak
currents in excess of 10^4 A, surface potentials in excess of 1 MV, trapped
magnetic field up to 1 T, and temperature down to 40 K. In order to produce the
required currents a high voltage discharge technique has been employed.
Discharges originating from a superconducting ceramic electrode are accompanied
by the emission of radiation which propagates in a focused beam without
noticeable attenuation through different materials and exerts a short repulsive
force on small movable objects along the propagation axis. Within the
measurement error (5 to 7 %) the impulse is proportional to the mass of the
objects and independent on their composition. It therefore resembles a
gravitational impulse. The observed phenomenon appears to be absolutely new and
unprecedented in the literature. It cannot be understood in the framework of
general relativity. A theory is proposed which combines a quantum gravity
approach with anomalous vacuum fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125714 </DOCNO>
HST Observations of Young Star Clusters in Interacting Galaxies


  We present early results from the analysis of HST imaging observations for
several pairs of interacting galaxies. We include two cases that were
specifically chosen to represent a strong early (young) encounter (Arp 81 = NGC
6621/6622) and a weak late (old) encounter (Arp 297 = NGC 5752/5754). The goals
of the project include a determination of the timing, frequency, strength, and
characteristics of the young star clusters formed in these two limiting cases
of tidal encounters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148408 </DOCNO>
Stability of Randall-Sundrum brane-world and tachyonic scalar


  We address the behaviour of the scalar field with negative mass squared in
the five dimensional AdS space where the Randall-Sundrum brane-world is
embedded. We point out that the tachyonic scalar allowed in the bulk space
destabilizes the embedded brane-world where the cosmological constant is zero.
The resolution of this instability is discussed from the viewpoint of AdS/CFT
correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169245 </DOCNO>
The vacuum interpretation of quantum mechanics and the vacuum universe


  Quantum mechanics is interpreted by the adjacent vacuum that behaves as a
virtual particle to be absorbed and emitted by its matter. As described in the
vacuum universe model, the adjacent vacuum is derived from the pre-inflationary
universe in which the pre-adjacent vacuum is absorbed by the pre-matter. This
absorbed pre-adjacent vacuum is emitted to become the added space for the
inflation in the inflationary universe whose space-time is separated from the
pre-inflationary universe. This added space is the adjacent vacuum. The
absorption of the adjacent vacuum as the added space results in the adjacent
zero space (no space), Quantum mechanics is the interaction between matter and
the three different types of vacuum: the adjacent vacuum, the adjacent zero
space, and the empty space. The absorption of the adjacent vacuum results in
the empty space superimposed with the adjacent zero space, confining the matter
in the form of particle. When the absorbed vacuum is emitted, the adjacent
vacuum can be anywhere instantly in the empty space superimposed with the
adjacent zero space where any point can be the starting point (zero point) of
space-time. Consequently, the matter that expands into the adjacent vacuum has
the probability to be anywhere instantly in the form of wavefunction. In the
vacuum universe model, the universe not only gains its existence from the
vacuum but also fattens itself with the vacuum. During the inflation, the
adjacent vacuum also generates the periodic table of elementary particles to
account for all elementary particles and their masses in a good agreement with
the observed values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6047 </DOCNO>
Plasticity in current-driven vortex lattices


  We present a theoretical analysis of recent experiments on current-driven
vortex dynamics in the Corbino disk geometry. This geometry introduces
controlled spatial gradients in the driving force and allows the study of the
onset of plasticity and tearing in clean vortex lattices. We describe plastic
slip in terms of the stress-driven unbinding of dislocation pairs, which in
turn contribute to the relaxation of the shear, yielding a nonlinear response.
The steady state density of free dislocations induced by the applied stress is
calculated as a function of the applied current and temperature. A criterion
for the onset of plasticity at a radial location $r$ in the disk yields a
temperature-dependent critical current that is in qualitative agreement with
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74059 </DOCNO>
High-Energy Proton-Proton Forward Scattering and Derivative Analyticity


  We present the results of several parametrizations to two different ensemble
of data on $pp$ total cross sections $\sigma_{tot}^{pp}$ at the highest
center-of-mass energies (including cosmic-ray information). The results are
statistically consistent with two distinct scenarios at high energies. From one
ensemble the prediction for the LHC ($\sqrt s = 14$ TeV) is $\sigma_{tot}^{pp}
= 113 \pm 5$ mb and from the other, $\sigma_{tot}^{pp}=140 \pm 7$ mb. From each
parametrization, and making use of derivative analyticity relations (DAR), we
determine $\rho(s)$ (ratio between the forward real and imaginary parts of the
elastic scattering amplitude). A discussion on the optimization of the DAR in
terms of a free parameter is also presented.In all cases good descriptions of
the experimental data are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149428 </DOCNO>
AdS2 Superspace Models


  A superspace formulation of N = 1 supersymmetry in two dimensional
Anti-deSitter space is provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2093 </DOCNO>
Relaxational dynamics study of the classical Heisenberg spin XY model in


  The two- and three-dimensional classical Heisenberg spin XY (CHSXY) models,
with the spherical coordinates of spins taken as dynamic variables, are
numerically investigated. We allow the polar $\theta$ and azimuthal $\phi$
angles to have uniform values in $[0,\pi)$ and $[-\pi, \pi)$, respectively, and
the static universality class is shown to be identical to the classical XY
model with two-component spins, as well as the CHSXY model with a different
choice of dynamic variables, conventionally used in the literature. The
relaxational dynamic simulation reveals that the dynamic critical exponent $z$
is found to have the value $z \approx 2.0$ for both two and three dimensions,
in contrast to $z \approx d/2$ ($d=$ spatial dimension) found previously with
spin dynamics simulation of the conventional CHSXY model. Comparisons with the
usual two-component classical XY model are also made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5357 </DOCNO>
Origin of Light


  The existence of light (a massless U(1) gauge boson) is one of unresolved
mysteries in nature. In this paper, we would like to propose that light is
originated from certain quantum orders in our vacuum. We will construct quantum
models on lattice to demonstrate that some quantum orders can give rise to
light without breaking any symmetries and without any fine tuning. Through our
models, we show that the existence of light can simply be a phenomenon of
quantum coherence in a system with many degrees of freedom. Massless gauge
fluctuations appears commonly and naturally in strongly correlated systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81479 </DOCNO>
Setting the scale for the Luescher-Weisz action


  We study the quark-antiquark potential of quenched SU(3) lattice gauge theory
with the Luescher-Weisz action. After blocking the gauge fields with the
recently proposed hypercubic transformation we compute the Sommer parameter,
extract the lattice spacing a and set the scale at 6 different values of the
gauge coupling in a range from a = 0.084 fm to 0.136 fm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5853 </DOCNO>
Comment on: "Even-odd behavior of conductance in monatomic sodium wires"


  In this comment, we give a simple analytical proof for the even-odd behavior
of the conductance of atomic wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97007 </DOCNO>
Rotations of nuclei with reflection asymmetry correlations


  We propose a collective Hamiltonian which incorporates interactions capable
to generate rotations in nuclei with simultaneous presence of octupole and
quadrupole deformations. It is demonstrated that the model formalism could be
applied to reproduce the staggering effects observed in nuclear octupole bands.
On this basis we propose that the interactions involved would provide a
relevant handle in the study of collective phenomena in nuclei and other
quantum mechanical systems with reflection asymmetry correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96438 </DOCNO>
On Positive Sasakian Geometry


  A Sasakian structure on a manifold is called {\it positive} if its basic
first Chern class can be represented by a positive (1,1)-form with respect to
its transverse holomorphic CR-structure. We prove a theorem that says that
every positive Sasakian structure can be deformed to a Sasakian structure whose
metric has positive Ricci curvature. This allows us by example to give a
completely independent proof of a result of Sha and Yang [SY] that for every
positive integer k the k-fold connected sum of $S^2\times S^3$ admits metrics
of positive Ricci curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6068 </DOCNO>
Shearing a Glassy Material: Numerical Tests of Nonequilibrium


  The predictions of a nonequilibrium schematic mode-coupling theory developed
to describe the nonlinear rheology of soft glassy materials have been
numerically challenged in a sheared binary Lennard-Jones mixture. The theory
gives an excellent description of the stress/temperature `jamming phase
diagram' of the system. In the present paper, we focus on the issue of an
effective temperature Teff for the slow modes of the fluid, as defined from a
generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem. As predicted theoretically, many
different observables are found to lead to the same value of Teff, suggesting
several experimental procedures to measure Teff. New, simple experimental
protocols to access Teff from a generalized equipartition theorem are also
proposed, and one such experiment is numerically performed. These results give
strong support to the thermodynamic interpretation of Teff and make it
experimentally accessible in a very direct way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2118 </DOCNO>
Structure of aluminum atomic chains


  First-principles density functional calculations reveal that aluminum can
form planar chains in zigzag and ladder structures. The most stable one has
equilateral triangular geometry with four nearest neighbors; the other stable
zigzag structure has wide bond angle and allows for two nearest neighbors. An
intermediary structure has the ladder geometry and is formed by two strands.
All these planar geometries are, however, more favored energetically than the
linear chain. We found that by going from bulk to a chain the character of
bonding changes and acquires directionality. The conductance of zigzag and
linear chains is 4e^2/h under ideal ballistic conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76199 </DOCNO>
Resummed event shape spectra in DIS


  Resummed results are discussed for DIS event shape variable distributions
involving the thrust defined using the thrust axis of the current hemisphere,
the C parameter and the jet mass. The resummation of these variables requires
the development of some techniques different to those applied before for the
resummation of DIS event shapes. Including power corrections and matching a
comparison with H1 data is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5905 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric approach to the infinite U Hubbard Model


  We present a preliminary discussion on the use of supersymmetric
representation of the Hubbard operator which unifies the slave boson and slave
fermion representations into a single $U (1)\times SU (1| 1)$ gauge theory to
treat the physics of the infinite U Hubbard model. By looking for solutions to
the Hamiltonian in which the spins can exist as both condensed ordered moments
and as mobile charged carriers, we examine the possibility of a Nagaoka
ferromagnetic phase at finite doping with a quantum critical point into the
paramagnetic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124332 </DOCNO>
The Influence of Hydrodynamical Winds on Hot Accretion Disk Solutions


  The effect of a possible hydrodynamical wind on the nature of hot accretion
disk solutions is studied. It is found that the advection dominated branch, in
the presence of a wind, maintains the self-similar solution for the disk
structure with the temperature, $\theta \propto 1/r$, optical depth $\tau
\propto r^{P-1/2}$ and accretion rate $\dot m \propto r^P$. Based on global
solutions, cooling due to wind energy loss and advection are found to be
equally important. For a wide range of viscosity and wind parameters, the
temperature is about one-tenth of the virial value and $P \approx 0.9$,
independent of the mass accretion rate and radius. In the context of cooling by
unsaturated Comptonization of soft photons, solutions also exist where
radiative cooling, advection, and wind cooling are important. In this case,
wind regulated solutions are possible. Here, the radial dependence of the
critical mass accretion rate above which solutions do not exist is unchanged
from those solutions without winds. The wind/advection dominated solutions are
locally unstable to a new type of instability called ``wind driven insbility''
where the presence of a wind causes the disk to be unstable to long wavelength
perturbations of the surface density. The growth rate of this instability is
inversely proportional to the ratio of the radiative cooling to the
gravitational energy dissipation rates and it can grow on a timescale much
longer than the viscous timescale in the disk for sufficiently small radiative
cooling efficiencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1092 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phase Transitions


  We give a general introduction to quantum phase transitions in
strongly-correlated electron systems. These transitions which occur at zero
temperature when a non-thermal parameter $g$ like pressure, chemical
composition or magnetic field is tuned to a critical value are characterized by
a dynamic exponent $z$ related to the energy and length scales $\Delta$ and
$\xi$. Simple arguments based on an expansion to first order in the effective
interaction allow to define an upper-critical dimension $D_{C}=4$ (where
$D=d+z$ and $d$ is the spatial dimension) below which mean-field description is
no longer valid. We emphasize the role of pertubative renormalization group
(RG) approaches and self-consistent renormalized spin fluctuation (SCR-SF)
theories to understand the quantum-classical crossover in the vicinity of the
quantum critical point with generalization to the Kondo effect in heavy-fermion
systems. Finally we quote some recent inelastic neutron scattering experiments
performed on heavy-fermions which lead to unusual scaling law in $\omega /T$
for the dynamical spin susceptibility revealing critical local modes beyond the
itinerant magnetism scheme and mention new attempts to describe this local
quantum critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98085 </DOCNO>
An Entropic Uncertainty Principle for Quantum Measurements


  The entropic uncertainty principle as outlined by Maassen and Uffink for a
pair of non-degenerate observables in a finite level qusystem is generalized
here to the case of a pair of arbitrary quantum measurements. In particular,
our result includes not only the case of projectivmeasurements (or
equivalently, observables) exhibiting degeneracy but also an uncertainty
principle for a single measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148725 </DOCNO>
4d Gauge Theory and Gravity Generated from 3d Ones at High Energy


  Dynamical generation of 4d gauge theories and gravity at low energy from the
3d ones at high energy is studied, based on the fermion condensation mechanism
recently proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Cohen and Georgi. For gravity, 4d Einstein
gravity is generated from the multiple copy of the 3d ones, by referring to the
two form gravity. Since the 3d Einstein action without matter coupling is
topological, ultraviolet divergences are less singular in our model. In the
gauge model, matter fermions are introduced on the discrete lattice following
Wilson. Then, the 4d gauge interactions are correctly generated from the 3d
theories even in the left-right asymmetric theories of the standard model. In
order for this to occur, the Higgs fields as well as the gauge fields of the
extra dimension should be generated by the fermion condensates. Therefore, the
generation of the 4d standard model from the multiple copy of the 3d ones is
quite promising. To solve the doubling problem in the weak interaction sector,
two kinds of discrete lattices have to be introduced separately for L- and
R-handed sectors, and the two types of Higgs fields should be generated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98850 </DOCNO>
Operators Similar to Contractions and Their Similarity to a Normal


  It is proved recently by Benamara-Nikolski that a contraction having finite
defects and spectrum not filling in the closed unit disc, is similar to a
normal operator if and only if it has the so-called linear resolvent growth
property. We obtain results of the same type for a wider (than contractions)
class of operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96663 </DOCNO>
Geometric characterizations of some classes of operators in C*-algebras


  We present geometric characterizations of the partial isometries, unitaries,
and invertible operators in C*-algebras and von Neumann algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2072 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions as topology changes in configuration space: an exact


  The phase transition in the mean-field XY model is shown analytically to be
related to a topological change in its configuration space. Such a topology
change is completely described by means of Morse theory allowing a computation
of the Euler characteristic---of suitable submanifolds of configuration
space---which shows a sharp discontinuity at the phase transition point, also
at finite N. The present analytic result provides, with previous work, a new
key to a possible connection of topological changes in configuration space as
the origin of phase transitions in a variety of systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40983 </DOCNO>
On the Anomalous Dimension of the Transversity Distribution $h_1(x,Q^2)$


  We calculate the leading order anomalous dimension of the transversity
structure function directly using three different methods, the local light-cone
expansion in the forward case, the non-forward case, and the short-distance
expansion of the forward Compton amplitude. Our results agree with the original
calculation by Artru and Mekhfi [Z. Phys. {\bf 45} (1990) 669], which has been
doubted recently. We also comment on the next-to-leading order anomalous
dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75060 </DOCNO>
Understanding $B\to D^{*-}N\bar{N}$ and Its Implications


  The CLEO Collaboration recently reported the observation of the $B^0\to
D^{*-}p\bar{n}$ mode at a rate only a factor of 4--5 lower than $B^0\to
D^{*-}\rho^+$ and $D^{*-}\pi^+$. We try to understand this with a factorization
approach of current produced nucleon pairs. The baryon weak vector current form
factors are related by isospin rotation to nucleon electromagnetic form
factors. By using $G^{p,n}_M$ measured from $e^+e^-\to \bar{N}N$ and
$p\bar{p}\to e^+e^-$ processes, assuming factorization of the $B^0\to D^{*-}$
transition and the $p\bar n$ pair production, we are able to account for up to
60% of the observed rate. The remainder is argued to arise from the axial
current. The model is then applied to B decays to other mesons plus $p\bar{n}$
modes and $D^{*-}$ plus strange baryon pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2988 </DOCNO>
Width Distributions and the Upper Critical Dimension of KPZ Interfaces


  Simulations of restricted solid-on-solid growth models are used to build the
width-distributions of d=2-5 dimensional KPZ interfaces. We find that the
universal scaling function associated with the steady-state width-distribution
changes smoothly as d is increased, thus strongly suggesting that d=4 is not an
upper critical dimension for the KPZ equation. The dimensional trends observed
in the scaling functions indicate that the upper critical dimension is at
infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2872 </DOCNO>
Thermal activation between Landau levels in the organic superconductor


  We show that Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the interlayer resistivity of
the organic superconductor $\beta''$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$SF$_{5}$
CH$_{2}$CF$_{2}$SO$_{3}$ become very pronounced in magnetic fields $\sim$~60~T.
The conductivity minima exhibit thermally-activated behaviour that can be
explained simply by the presence of a Landau gap, with the
quasi-one-dimensional Fermi surface sheets contributing negligibly to the
conductivity. This observation, together with complete suppression of chemical
potential oscillations, is consistent with an incommensurate nesting
instability of the quasi-one-dimensional sheets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148402 </DOCNO>
Boundary states in boundary logarithmic CFT


  There exist logarithmic CFTs(LCFTs) such as the $c_{p,1}$ models. It is also
well known that it generally contains Jordan cell structure. In this paper, we
obtain the boundary Ishibashi state for a rank-2 Jordan cell structure and,
with these states in $c=-2$ rational LCFT, we derive boundary states in the
closed string picture, which correspond to boundary conditions in the open
string picture. We also discuss the Verlinde formula for LCFT and possible
applications to string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86964 </DOCNO>
A decoupled system of hyperbolic equations for linearized cosmological


  A decoupled system of hyperbolic partial differential equations for linear
perturbations around any spatially flat FRW universe is obtained for a wide
class of perturbations. The considered perturbing energy momentum-tensors can
be expressed as the sum of the perturbation of a minimally coupled scalar field
plus an arbitrary (weak) energy-momentum tensor which is covariantly conserved
with respect to the background. The key ingredient in obtaining the decoupling
of the equations is the introduction of a new covariant gauge which plays a
similar role as harmonic gauge does for perturbations around Minkowski
space-time. The case of universes satysfying a linear equation of state is
discussed in particular, and closed analytic expressions for the retarded
Green's functions solving the de Sitter, dust and radiation dominated cases are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128217 </DOCNO>
Polarization properties of the 6.7 GHz methanol masers in NGC6334F


  The Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) has been used to make the first
full polarization observations of 6.7 GHz methanol masers. Linear polarization
was detected towards all four sources observed, at levels between a few and
10%, while none of the sources show circular polarization stronger than
approximately 1.5%. Linear polarization appears to be more common in the 6.7
GHz methanol maser transition than it is for the 12.2 GHz transition,
consistent with the hypothesis that the 6.7 GHz masers are more saturated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76610 </DOCNO>
Unified description of dark matter at the center and in the halo of the


  We consider a self-gravitating ideal fermion gas at nonzero temperature as a
model for the Galactic halo. The Galactic halo of mass ~ 2 x 10^12 Msol
enclosed within a radius of ~ 200 kpc implies the existence of a supermassive
compact dark object at the Galactic center that is in hydrostatic and thermal
equilibrium with the halo. The central object has a maximal mass of ~ 2.3 x
10^6 Msol within a minimal radius of ~ 18 mpc for fermin masses ~ 15 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124291 </DOCNO>
The Origin of the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays


  Contrary to expectations, several cosmic ray events with energies above
$10^{20}$ eV have been observed. The flux of such events is well above the
predicted Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff due to the pion production (via the
$\Delta$ resonace) of extragalactic cosmic ray protons off the cosmic microwave
background. In addition to the relatively high flux of events, the isotropic
distribution of arrival directions and an indication of hadronic primaries
strongly challenge all models proposed to resolve this puzzle. Models based on
astrophysical accelerators need to invoke strong Galactic and extragalactic
magnetic fields with specific properties which are yet to be observed, while
models based on physics beyond the standard model of particle physics generally
predict photon primaries contrary to experimental indications. The resolution
of this puzzle awaits a significant increase in the data at these energies
which will be provided by future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148185 </DOCNO>
BPS Bound States of D6-branes and Lower Dimensional D-branes


  We construct 1/8, 1/4, and 1/2 BPS solutions spanned by diagonal elements of
U(N) constant fluxes in the 6+1 dimensional U(N) super Yang-Mills theory on T^6
with topological stability. These solutions represent BPS bound states of D0,
D2, D4, and D6 branes. The consistency with the D-brane charge conservation
implies that unstable D0-D2-D6-brane systems in a B field decay to the BPS
solutions, in which lower dimensional D-branes are dissolved in D6-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179467 </DOCNO>
Faddeev Approach to the Study of One- and Two-hole Spectral Functions


  Theoretical calculations of one- and two-hole spectral functions for the O16
nucleus are still failing to describe some of the important features observed
experimentally. Of critical importance for the solution of these issues is to
obtain an appropriate description of the interplay between hole-hole and
particle-hole excitations. A formalism is reviewed here that allows the
consistent treatment of such phonons at a Random Phase approximation level.
Although the application of this formalism to O16 is still in the
implementation stage, some preliminary results are discussed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86463 </DOCNO>
Pair creation of particles and black holes in external fields


  It is well known that massive black holes may form through the gravitational
collapse of a massive astrophysical body. Less known is the fact that a black
hole can be produced by the quantum process of pair creation in external
fields. These black holes may have a mass much lower than their astrophysical
counterparts. This mass can be of the order of Planck mass so that quantum
effects may be important. This pair creation process can be investigated
semiclassically using non-perturbative instanton methods, thus it may be used
as a theoretical laboratory to obtain clues for a quantum gravity theory. In
this work, we review briefly the history of pair creation of particles and
black holes in external fields. In order to present some features of the
euclidean instanton method which is used to calculate pair creation rates, we
study a simple model of a scalar field and propose an effective one-loop action
for a two-dimensional soliton pair creation problem. This action is built from
the soliton field itself and the soliton charge is no longer treated as a
topological charge but as a Noether charge. The results are also valid
straightforwardly to the problem of pair creation rate of domain walls in
dimensions greater than 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169042 </DOCNO>
Qubit Channels Can Require More Than Two Inputs to Achieve Capacity


  We give examples of qubit channels that require three input states in order
to achieve the Holevo capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75213 </DOCNO>
Vector meson masses in hot nuclear matter : the effect of quantum


  The medium modification of vector meson masses is studied taking into account
the quantum correction effects for the hot and dense hadronic matter. In the
framework of Quantum Hadrodynamics, the quantum corrections from the baryon and
scalar meson sectors were earlier computed using a nonperturbative variational
approach through a realignment of the ground state with baryon-antibaryon and
sigma meson condensates. The effect of such corrections was seen to lead to a
softer equation of state giving rise to a lower value for the compressibility
and, an increase in the in-medium baryonic masses than would be reached when
such quantum effects are not taken into account. These quantum corrections
arising from the scalar meson sector result in an increase in the masses of the
vector mesons in the hot and dense matter, as compared to the situation when
only the vacuum polarisation effects from the baryonic sector are taken into
account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96981 </DOCNO>
On solutions of the q-hypergeometric equation with q^{N}=1


  We consider the q-hypergeometric equation with q^{N}=1 and $\alpha, \beta,
\gamma \in {\Bbb Z}$. We solve this equation on the space of functions given by
a power series multiplied by a power of the logarithmic function. We prove that
the subspace of solutions is two-dimensional over the field of quasi-constants.
We get a basis for this space explicitly. In terms of this basis, we represent
the q-hypergeometric function of the Barnes type constructed by Nishizawa and
Ueno. Then we see that this function has logarithmic singularity at the origin.
This is a difference between the q-hypergeometric functions with 0<|q|<1 and at
|q|=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75332 </DOCNO>
Special Classes of Solutions for Linear String Baryon Configuration


  For the linear string baryon model with three material points (three quarks)
joined sequentially by the relativistic strings, the class of motions admitting
linearizable boundary conditions is investigated. These motions may be
represented as the Fourier series with eigenfunctions of some boundary-value
problem. The two types of rotational motions are found among the mentioned
class of solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3222 </DOCNO>
Tunneling gap of laterally separated quantum Hall states


  We use a method of matched asymptotics to determine the energy gap of two
counter-propagating, strongly interacting, quantum Hall edge states. The
microscopic edge state dispersion and Coulomb interactions are used to
precisely constrain the short-distance behavior of an integrable field theory,
which then determines the low energy spectrum. We discuss the relationship of
our results to the tunneling measurements of Kang et al., Nature 403, 59
(2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6056 </DOCNO>
An Adaptive, Kink-Based Approach to Path Integral Calculations


  A kink-based expression for the canonical partition function is developed
using Feynman's path integral formulation of quantum mechanics and a discrete
basis set. The approach is exact for a complete set of states. The method is
tested on the 3x3 Hubbard model and overcomes the sign problem seen in
traditional path integral studies of fermion systems. Kinks correspond to
transitions between different N-electron states, much in the same manner as
occurs in configuration interaction calculations in standard ab initio methods.
The different N-electron states are updated, based on which states occur
frequently during a Monte Carlo simulation, giving better estimates of the true
eigenstates of the Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148784 </DOCNO>
Brane worlds


  This is an introductory review of gravity on branes with an emphasis on
codimension 1 models. However, for a new result it is also pointed out that the
cosmological evolution of the 3-brane in the model of Dvali, Gabadadze and
Porrati may follow the standard Friedmann equation.
 Contents:
  1. Introduction
  2. Conventions
  3. The Lanczos-Israel matching conditions
  4. The action principle with codimension 1 hypersurfaces: Need for the
Gibbons-Hawking term
  5. The Newtonian limit on thin branes
  6. A remark on black holes in the model of Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati
  7. The cosmology of codimension 1 brane worlds

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86306 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Physics of Black Holes: Results from String Theory


  We review recent progress in our understanding of the physics of black holes.
In particular, we discuss the ideas from string theory that explain the entropy
of black holes from a counting of microstates of the hole, and the related
derivation of unitary Hawking radiation from such holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5845 </DOCNO>
Global phase diagram of bilayer quantum Hall ferromagnets


  We present a microscopic study of the interlayer spacing d versus in-plane
magnetic field $B_\parallel$ phase diagram for bilayer quantum Hall (QH)
pseudo-ferromagnets. In addition to the interlayer charge balanced commensurate
and incommensurate states analyzed previously, we address the corresponding
interlayer charge unbalanced "canted" QH states. We predict a large anomaly
in the bilayer capacitance at the canting transition and the formation of
dipole stripe domains with periods exceeding 1 micron in the canted state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76567 </DOCNO>
A Simple Model for the BFKL-DGLAP Transition


  A simple model for the gluon structure function at small $x$ is presented,
which gives an intuitive picture of the transition between the DGLAP and B FKL
regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2207 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Bulk Magnets: Very High Trapped Fields and Cracking


  Improved trapped fields are reported for bulk melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7-x
(YBCO) material in the temperature range between 20 K and 50 K. Trapped fields
up to 12.2 T were obtained at 22 K on the surface of single YBCO disks (with Ag
and Zn additions). In YBCO mini-magnets, maximum trapped fields of 16 T (at 24
K) and of 11.2 T (at 47 K) were achieved using (Zn + Ag) and Zn additions,
respectively. In all cases, the YBCO disks were encapsulated in steel tubes in
order to reinforce the material against the large tensile stress acting during
the magnetizing process and to avoid cracking. We observed cracking not only
during the magnetizing process, but also as a consequence of flux jumps due to
thermomagnetic instabilities in the temperature range betweeen 20 K and 30 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41291 </DOCNO>
Stau LSP and comparison with H^+(-) phenomenology


  In supersymmetric models with explicit breaking of R-parity the lightest
supersymmetric particle (LSP) may be the lightest stau, $\stau_1$. Such a
scenario would provide a clear sign of R-parity violating SUSY, although its
phenomenology may resemble that of a charged Higgs boson, $H^\pm$. We discuss
various ways of distinguishing a LSP $\stau_1$ from $H^\pm$ at future
colliders, and address the case of $\stau_1$ mimicking the signal for $H^\pm$.
As an example we suggest that the recent L3 signal for $H^+H^-\to qq'qq'$ and
$H^+H^-\to qq'\tau\nu_{\tau}$ could be more easily explained by a LSP
$\stau_1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76449 </DOCNO>
Kink interactions in $SU(N)\times Z_2$


  There are $N-1$ classes of kink solutions in $SU(N)\times Z_2$. We show how
interactions between various kinks depend on the classes of individual kinks as
well as on their orientations with respect to each other in the internal space.
In particular, we find that the attractive or repulsive nature of the
interaction depends on the trace of the product of charges of the two kinks. We
calculate the interaction potential for all combinations of kinks and antikinks
in $SU(5)\times Z_2$ and study their collisions. The outcome of kink-antikink
collisions, as expected from previous studies, is sensitive to their initial
relative velocity. We find that heavier kinks tend to break up into lighter
ones, while interactions between the lightest kinks and antikinks in this model
can be repulsive as well as attractive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128821 </DOCNO>
The Power of Jets: New Clues from Radio Circular Polarization and X-rays


  Jets are ubiquitous in accreting black holes. Often ignored, they may be a
major contributor to the emitted spectral energy distribution for sub-Eddington
black holes. For example, recent observations of radio-to-X-ray correlations
and broad band spectra of X-ray binaries in the low/hard state can be explained
by a significant synchrotron contribution from jets also to their IR-to-X-ray
spectrum as proposed by Markoff, Falcke, Fender 2001. This model can also
explain state-transitions from low/hard to high/soft states. Relativistic
beaming of the jet X-ray emission could lead to the appearance of seemingly
Super-Eddington X-rays sources in other galaxies. We show that a simple
population synthesis model of X-ray binaries with relativistic beaming can well
explain the currently found distribution of off-nucleus X-ray point sources in
nearby galaxies. Specifically we suggest that the so-called ultra-luminous
X-ray sources (ULXs, also IXOs) could well be relativistically beamed
microblazars. The same model that can be used to explain X-ray binaries also
fits Low-Luminosity AGN (LLAGN) and especially Sgr A* in the Galactic Center.
The recent detection of significant circular polarization in AGN radio cores,
ranging from bright quasars down to low-luminosity AGN like M81*, Sgr A* and
even X-ray binaries, now places additional new constraints on the matter
contents of such jets. The emerging picture are powerful jets with a mix of hot
and cold matter, a net magnetic flux, and a stable magnetic north pole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148853 </DOCNO>
Super D-Helix


  We study `Myers effect' for a bunch of $D1$-branes with $IIB$ superstrings
moving in one direction along the branes. We show that the `blown-up'
configuration is the helical $D1$-brane, which is self-supported from collapse
by the axial momentum flow. The tilting angle of the helix is determined by the
number of $D1$-branes. The radius of the helix is stabilized to a certain value
depending on the number of $D1$-branes and the momentum carried by $IIB$
superstrings. This is actually T-dual version of the supertube recently found
as the `blown-up' configuration of a bunch of $IIA$ superstrings carrying
$D0$-brane charge. It is found that the helical $D1$ configuration preserves
one quarter of the supersymmetry of $IIB$ vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86648 </DOCNO>
A One-Parameter Family of Time-Symmetric Initial Data for the Radial


  A one-parameter family of time-symmetric initial data for the radial infall
of a particle into a Schwarzschild black hole is constructed within the
framework of black-hole perturbation theory. The parameter measures the amount
of gravitational radiation present on the initial spacelike surface. These
initial data sets are then evolved by integrating the Zerilli-Moncrief wave
equation in the presence of the particle. Numerical results for the
gravitational waveforms and their power spectra are presented; we show that the
choice of initial data strongly influences the waveforms, both in their shapes
and their frequency content. We also calculate the total energy radiated by the
particle-black-hole system, as a function of the initial separation between the
particle and the black hole, and as a function of the choice of initial data.
Our results confirm that for large initial separations, a conformally-flat
initial three-geometry minimizes the initial gravitational-wave content, so
that the total energy radiated is also minimized. For small initial
separations, however, we show that the conformally-flat solution no longer
minimizes the energy radiated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125765 </DOCNO>
Physics of Collisionless GRB Shocks and Their Radiation Properties


  We present a theory of ultrarelativistic collisionless shocks based on the
relativistic kinetic two-stream instability. We demonstrate that the shock
front is unstable to the generation of small-scale, randomly tangled magnetic
fields. These fields are strong enough to scatter the energetic incoming (in
the shock frame) protons and electrons over pitch angle and, therefore, to
convert their kinetic energy of bulk motion into heat with very high
efficiency. This validates the use of MHD approximation and the shock jump
conditions in particular. The effective collisions are also necessary for the
diffusive Fermi acceleration of electrons to operate and produce an observed
power-law. Finally, these strong (sub-equipartition) magnetic fields are also
required for the efficient synchrotron-type radiation emission from the shocks.
  The predicted magnetic fields have an impact on polarization properties of
the observed radiation (e.g., a linear polarization from a jet-like ejecta and
polarization scintillations in radio for a spherical one) and on its spectrum.
We present an analytical theory of jitter radiation, which is emitted when the
magnetic field is correlated on scales smaller then the gyration (Larmor)
radius of the accelerated electrons. A composite jitter+synchrotron model of
GRB $\gamma$-ray emission from internal shocks is capable of resolving many
puzzles of GRB spectra, such as the violation of the ``line of death'', sharp
spectral breaks, and multiple spectral components seen in some bursts (good
examples are GRB910503, GRB910402, etc.). We stress that simultaneous detection
of both spectral components opens a way to a precise diagnostics of the
conditions in GRB shocks. We also discuss the relation of our results to other
systems, such as internal shocks in blazars, radio lobes, and supernova shocks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127590 </DOCNO>
ECLAIRs: A microsatellite for the prompt optical and X-ray emission of


  The prompt gamma-ray emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) is currently
interpreted in terms of radiation from electrons accelerated in internal shocks
in a relativistic fireball. On the other hand, the origin of the prompt (and
early afterglow) optical and X-ray emission is still debated, mostly because
very few data exist for comparison with theoretical predictions. It is however
commonly agreed that this emission hides important clues on the GRB physics and
can be used to constrain the fireball parameters, the acceleration and emission
processes and to probe the surroundings of the GRBs. ECLAIRs is a
microsatellite devoted to the observation of the prompt optical and X-ray
emission of GRBs. For about 150 GRBs/yr, independent of their duration, ECLAIRs
will provide high time resolution high sensitivity spectral coverage from a few
eV up to ~50 keV and localization to ~ 5'' in near real time. This capability
is achieved by combining wide field optical and X-ray cameras sharing a common
field of view (>~ 2.2 steradians) with the coded-mask imaging telescopes
providing the triggers and the coarse localizations of the bursts. Given the
delays to start ground-based observations in response to a GRB trigger, ECLAIRs
is unique in its ability to observe the early phases (the first ~20 sec) of all
GRBs at optical wavelengths. Furthermore, with its mode of operation, ECLAIRs
will enable to search for optical and X-ray precursors expected from
theoretical grounds. Finally ECLAIRsis proposed to operate simultaneously with
GLAST on a similar orbit. This combination will both provide unprecedented
spectral coverage from a few eV up to ~200 GeV for ~100 GRBs/yr, as well as
accurate localization of the GLAST GRBs to enable follow-up studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127133 </DOCNO>
Long-term Multi-wavelength Observations of GRS 1758-258 and the ADAF


  We present a long-term multi-wavelength light curve of Galactic black hole
candidate GRS 1758-258 by combining previously published and archival data from
GRANAT, ROSAT, CGRO, RXTE, SAX, ASCA, EXOSAT, and the VLA. In addition we
include first spectral results from the balloon-borne Gamma-ray Arcminute
Telescope Imaging System (GRATIS). In light of divergent analyses of the
1991-1993 ROSAT observations, we have re-analyzed these data; we find the soft
X-rays track the hard X-rays, and that the fits require no black-body
component-- indicating that GRS 1758-258 did not go to the high state in 1993.
We offer an interpretation based on the ADAF model for a system with mdot
\ltsim mdot_crit. We find the 1990-1993 coeval hard and soft X-ray observations
support the ADAF predictions. We discuss a new way to constrain black-hole mass
with spectral data and the ADAF theory, and apply this technique to GRS
1758-258 to find M_1 \gtsim 8--9 M_sol at an assumed distance of 8.5 kpc.
Further investigations of the ADAF model allow us to evaluate the model
critically against the data and flux-flux diagram of Barret, McClintock &
Grindlay (1996) and to understand the limits of the latter's ``X-ray burster
box.''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72445 </DOCNO>
Matter enhanced nu_mu->nu_e signals using various Fermilab main injector


  We calculate the sensitivity to nu_mu->nu_e appearance oscillations in
various Fermilab main injector neutrino beam configurations using simulations
of a MINOS-like detector and an OPERA-like detector. We make the assumption of
3 neutrino generations, and that only solar and atmospheric neutrino
oscillations signals are "real." We find that a 6 GeV neutrino beam pointed at
a fine-grained detector located at SLAC is optimal (for the central Super-K
atmospheric neutrino oscillation Delta-m-squared value). We show that
nu_mu->nu_e appearance signals and the sign of Delta-m_23-squared can be
obtained at the 3-sigma level for theta_13>3degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1658 </DOCNO>
Magnetically Stabilized Luminescent Excitations in Hexagonal Boron


  Magnetically stabilized luminescence is observed in hexagonal boron nitride.
The luminescence is induced by absorption of cold neutrons and is in the
visible region. In the absence of a magnetic field, the photon emission level
is observed to decay over several hundred seconds. A fraction of this
luminescence can be suppressed if the temperature is T <~ 0.6 K and the
magnetic field is B >~ 1.0 T. Subsequent to irradiation and suppression,
luminescence can be induced by an increase in T or lowering of B. Possible
explanations include stabilization of triplet states or the localization and
stabilization of excitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113400 </DOCNO>
On the origin of the optical nonlinearity of a gallium-silica interface


  Simultaneous measurements of the intensity and phase of a probe wave
reflected from an interface between silica and elemental alpha-gallium reveal
its very strong optical nonlinearity, affecting both these parameters of the
reflected wave. The data corroborate with a non-thermal mechanism of optical
response which assumes appearance of a homogeneous highly metallic layer, only
a few nanometer thick, between the silica and bulk alpha-gallium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174864 </DOCNO>
Analysing powers for the reaction $\vec{\rm n} {\rm p} \to {\rm p} {\rm


  The analysing power of the reaction ${\rm n}{\rm p} \to {\rm p}{\rm p}
\pi^{-}$ for neutron energies between threshold and 570 MeV has been determined
using a transversely polarised neutron beam at PSI. The reaction has been
studied in a kinematically complete measurement using a time-of-flight
spectrometer with large acceptance. Analysing powers have been determined as a
function of the c.m. pion angle in different regions of the proton-proton
invariant mass. They are compared to other data from the reactions ${\rm n}{\rm
p} \to {\rm p}{\rm p} \pi^{-}$ and ${{\rm p}{\rm p} \to {\rm p}{\rm p}
\pi^{0}}$. The np elastic scattering analysing power was determined as a
by-product of the measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73112 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations in the early universe. Resonant case


  Lepton asymmetry generated in the early universe by neutrino oscillations
into sterile partners is calculated. Kinetic equations are analytically reduced
to a simple form that permits an easy numerical treatment. Asymptotic values of
the asymmetry are at the level of 0.2-0.3 and are reasonably close to those
obtained by other groups, though the approach to asymptotics in some cases is
noticeably slower. No chaoticity is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168797 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and linear entropy increase in the quantum baker's map


  We show that the coarse-grained quantum baker's map exhibits a linear entropy
increase at an asymptotic rate given by the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of the
classical chaotic baker's map. The starting point of our analysis is a symbolic
representation of the map on a string of $N$ qubits, i.e., an $N$-bit register
of a quantum computer. To coarse-grain the quantum evolution, we make use of
the decoherent histories formalism. As a byproduct, we show that the condition
of medium decoherence holds asymptotically for the coarse-grained quantum
baker's map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 202 </DOCNO>
Binary spreading process with parity conservation


  Recently there has been a debate concerning the universal properties of the
phase transition in the pair contact process with diffusion (PCPD) $2A\to 3A,
2A\to \emptyset$. Although some of the critical exponents seem to coincide with
those of the so-called parity-conserving universality class, it was suggested
that the PCPD might represent an independent class of phase transitions. This
point of view is motivated by the argument that the PCPD does not conserve
parity of the particle number. In the present work we pose the question what
happens if the parity conservation law is restored. To this end we consider the
the reaction-diffusion process $2A\to 4A, 2A\to \emptyset$. Surprisingly this
process displays the same type of critical behavior, leading to the conclusion
that the most important characteristics of the PCPD is the use of binary
reactions for spreading, regardless of whether parity is conserved or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113436 </DOCNO>
Fragmentary Electrodynamics of Solitons Emitted by Atoms


  In the recent years there was published some papers in which the photons are
represented as electromagnetic solitons [1,2,3]. All particles - solitons -
represent some electromagnetic field restricted in a very small volume, length,
cross-section and propagate in vacuum with light velocity in one and the same
directions at a very great unrestricted distances [3]. These unordinary
properties of the electromagnetic field - soliton - require some more detailed
investigations of the dynamics of interactions of charged particles and
electromagnetic fields. In this paper I make an attempt to solve in part
(fragmentary) some questions about energy density of the soliton,
electrodynamics of soliton and the simplest hydrogen atom, the acceleration of
a charged particle, the path of the electron wile it changes its position, the
emitted electromagnetic soliton energy and the electron in a stationary state.
The descriptions are restricted only to the properties of the solitons in paper
[3] and to the hydrogen atom, but I think that obtained results could be
applied to the more complicated systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169497 </DOCNO>
Theoretical analysis of quantum dynamics in 1D lattices: Wannier-Stark


  This papers presents a formalism describing the dynamics of a quantum
particle in a one-dimensional tilted time-dependent lattice. The description
uses the Wannier-Stark states, which are localized in each site of the lattice
and provides a simple framework leading to fully-analytical developments.
Particular attention is devoted to the case of a time-dependent potential,
which results in a rich variety of quantum coherent dynamics is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3734 </DOCNO>
Switching behavior of semiconducting carbon nanotubes under an external


  We investigate theoretically the switching characteristics of semiconducting
carbon nanotubes connected to gold electrodes under an external (gate) electric
field. We find that the external introduction of holes is necessary to account
for the experimental observations. We identify metal-induced-gap states (MIGS)
at the contacts and find that the MIGS of an undoped tube would not
significantly affect the switching behavior, even for very short tube lengths.
We also explore the miniaturization limits of nanotube transistors, and, on the
basis of their switching ratio, we conclude that transistors with channels as
short as 50\AA would have adequate switching characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97875 </DOCNO>
Lower central series and free resolutions of hyperplane arrangements


  If $M$ is the complement of a hyperplane arrangement, and $A=H^*(M,\k)$ is
the cohomology ring of $M$ over a field of characteristic 0, then the ranks,
$\phi_k$, of the lower central series quotients of $\pi_1(M)$ can be computed
from the Betti numbers, $b_{ii}=\dim_{\k} \Tor^A_i(\k,\k)_i$, of the linear
strand in a (minimal) free resolution of $\k$ over $A$. We use the
Cartan-Eilenberg change of rings spectral sequence to relate these numbers to
the graded Betti numbers, $b'_{ij}=\dim_{\k} \Tor^E_i(A,\k)_j$, of a (minimal)
resolution of $A$ over the exterior algebra $E$.
  From this analysis, we recover a formula of Falk for $\phi_3$, and obtain a
new formula for $\phi_4$. The exact sequence of low degree terms in the
spectral sequence allows us to answer a question of Falk on graphic
arrangements, and also shows that for these arrangements, the algebra $A$ is
Koszul iff the arrangement is supersolvable. We also give combinatorial lower
bounds on the Betti numbers, $b'_{i,i+1}$, of the linear strand of the free
resolution of $A$ over $E$; if the lower bound is attained for $i = 2$, then it
is attained for all $i \ge 2$. For such arrangements, we compute the entire
linear strand of the resolution, and we prove that all components of the first
resonance variety of $A$ are local. For graphic arrangements (which do not
attain the lower bound, unless they have no braid sub-arrangements), we show
that $b'_{i,i+1}$ is determined by the number of triangles and $K_4$ subgraphs
in the graph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6636 </DOCNO>
Stabilization of frictional sliding by normal load modulation: A


  This paper presents the stability analysis of a system sliding at low
velocities ($< 100 \mu$m.s$^{-1}$) under a periodically modulated normal load,
preserving interfacial contact. Experiments clearly evidence that normal
vibrations generally stabilize the system against stick-slip oscillations, at
least for a modulation frequency much larger than the stick-slip one. The
mechanical model of Bureau {\it et al.} (2000), validated on the steady-state
response of the system, is used to map its stability diagram. The model takes
explicitly into account the finite shear stiffness of the load-bearing
asperities, in addition to a classical state- and rate-dependent friction
force. The numerical results are in excellent quantitative agreement with the
experimental data obtained from a multicontact frictional system between glassy
polymer materials. Simulations at larger amplitude of modulation (typically 20%
of the mean normal load) suggest that the non-linear coupling between normal
and sliding motion could have a destabilizing effect in restricted regions of
the parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1436 </DOCNO>
Shaking a Box of Sand


  We present a simple model of a vibrated box of sand, and discuss its dynamics
in terms of two parameters reflecting static and dynamic disorder respectively.
The fluidised, intermediate and frozen (`glassy') dynamical regimes are
extensively probed by analysing the response of the packing fraction to steady,
as well as cyclic, shaking, and indicators of the onset of a `glass transition'
are analysed. In the `glassy' regime, our model is exactly solvable, and allows
for the qualitative description of ageing phenomena in terms of two
characteristic lengths; predictions are also made about the influence of grain
shape anisotropy on ageing behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99128 </DOCNO>
Homology of holomorphs of free groups


  The holomorph of a free group $F_n$ is the semidirect product $F_n \rtimes
Aut(F_n)$. Using the methods of Hatcher and Vogtmann, we derive stability
results and calculate the mod-$p$ homology of these holomorphs for odd primes
$p$ in dimensions 1 and 2, and their rational homology in dimensions 1 through
5. Calculations of the twisted (where $Aut(F_n)$ acts by first projecting to
$Gl_n(\Z)$ and then including in $Gl_n(\Q)$) homology $H_*(Aut(F_n); \Q^n)$
follow in corresponding dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85796 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Cosmological Models in the Brane-world Scenario


  In this work we consider Randall-Sundrum brane-world type scenarios, in which
the spacetime is described by a five-dimensional manifold with matter fields
confined in a domain wall or three-brane. We present the results of a
systematic analysis, using dynamical systems techniques, of the qualitative
behaviour of the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker and the Bianchi I and V
cosmological models in these scenarios. We construct the state spaces for these
models and discuss how their structure changes with respect to the
general-relativistic case, in particular, what new critical points appear and
their nature, the occurrence of bifurcations and the dynamics of anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1128 </DOCNO>
Corrections to scaling for percolative conduction: anomalous behavior at


  Recently Grassberger has shown that the correction to scaling for the
conductance of a bond percolation network on a square lattice is a nonmonotonic
function of the linear lattice dimension with a minimum at $L = 10$, while this
anomalous behavior is not present in the site percolation networks. We perform
a high precision numerical study of the bond percolation random resistor
networks on the square, triangular and honeycomb lattices to further examine
this result. We use the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means to obtain the
conductance and find that the qualitative behavior does not change: it is not
related to the shape of the conductance distribution for small system sizes. We
show that the anomaly at small L is absent on the triangular and honeycomb
networks. We suggest that the nonmonotonic behavior is an artifact of
approximating the continuous system for which the theory is formulated by a
discrete one which can be simulated on a computer. We show that by slightly
changing the definition of the linear lattice size we can eliminate the minimum
at small L without significantly affecting the large L limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4063 </DOCNO>
Origin of heavy quasiparticles in UPt_3


  We propose a microscopic description of heavy fermions in UPt_3. It is based
on the assumption that two of the three 5f electrons of the U ions are
localized. Band-structure calculations based on this supposition reproduce the
observed de Haas-van Alphen frequencies very well. The observed enhancement of
the quasiparticle mass as compared with the LDA band mass results from the
local Coulomb interaction of the delocalized f electrons with the localized
ones. Diagonalization of the Coulomb interaction matrix yields the level scheme
of the localized f^2 states. Assuming a splitting of the ground-state doublet
by the crystal field of similar size as in UPd_2Al_3 results in a mass
enhancement factor of order 10 in agreement with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76207 </DOCNO>
Minimal Higher-Dimensional Extensions of the Standard Model and


  We consider minimal 5-dimensional extensions of the Standard Model
compactified on an $S^1/Z_2$ orbifold, in which the SU(2)$_L$ and U(1)$_Y$
gauge fields and Higgs bosons may or may not all propagate in the fifth
dimension while the observable matter is always assumed to be confined to a
4-dimensional subspace. We pay particular attention to consistently quantize
the higher-dimensional models in the generalized $R_\xi$ gauge and derive
analytic expressions for the mass spectrum of the resulting Kaluza-Klein states
and their couplings to matter. Based on recent data from electroweak precision
tests, we improve previous limits obtained in the 5-dimensional Standard Model
with a common compactification radius and extend our analysis to other possible
5-dimensional Standard-Model constructions. We find that the usually derived
lower bound of $\sim 4$ TeV on an universal compactification scale may be
considerably relaxed to $\sim 3$ TeV in a minimal scenario, in which the
SU(2)$_L$ gauge boson is the only field that feels the presence of the fifth
dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73232 </DOCNO>
Two-loop virtual corrections to B --> X_s l^+ l^- in the standard model


  We calculate O(alpha_s) two-loop virtual corrections to the differential
decay width dGamma(B --> X_s l^+ l^-)/ds, where s is the invariant mass squared
of the lepton pair. We also include those contributions from gluon
bremsstrahlung which are needed to cancel infrared and collinear singularities
present in the virtual corrections. Our calculation is restricted to the range
0.05 < s/m_b^2 < 0.25 where the effects from resonances are small. The new
contributions drastically reduce the renormalization scale dependence of
existing results for dGamma(B --> X_s l^+ l^-)/ds. For the corresponding
branching ratio (restricted to the above s-range) the renormalization scale
uncertainty gets reduced from +/- 13% to +/- 6.5%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179618 </DOCNO>
Dynamical moment of inertia and quadrupole vibrations in rotating nuclei


  The contribution of quantum shape fluctuations to inertial properties of
rotating nuclei has been analysed within the self-consistent one-dimensional
cranking oscillator model. It is shown that in even-even nuclei the dynamical
moment of inertia calculated in the mean field approximation is equivalent to
the Thouless-Valatin moment of inertia calculated in the random phase
approximation if and only if the self-consistent conditions for the mean field
are fulfilled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86502 </DOCNO>
Evolution of cosmological perturbations in non-singular string


  In a class of non-singular cosmologies derived from higher-order corrections
to the low-energy bosonic string action, we derive evolution equations for the
most general cosmological scalar, vector and tensor perturbations. In the large
scale limit, the evolutions of both scalar and tensor perturbations are
characterised by conserved quantities, the usual curvature perturbation in the
uniform-field gauge and the tensor-type perturbed metric. The vector
perturbation is not affected, being described by the conservation of the
angular momentum of the fluid component in the absence of any additional
dissipative process. For the scalar- and tensor-type perturbations, we show
how, given a background evolution during kinetic driven inflation of the
dilaton field, we can obtain the final power spectra generated from the vacuum
quantum fluctuations of the metric and the dilaton field during the inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5563 </DOCNO>
Onset of superconductivity and hysteresis in magnetic field for a long


  Based on the self-consistent solution of a nonlinear system of
one-dimensional GL-equations, the onset and destruction of superconductivity,
the phase transitions and hysteresis phenomena are discussed for a cylinder
(radius R) in an axial magnetic field (H) for arbitrary R,kappa,H,m (kappa$ is
the GL-parameter, m is the total vorticity of the system). The edge-suppressed
solutions (which are connected with the jumps of magnetization in the states
with fixed vorticity m), the depressed solutions (responsible for the
hysteresis in type-II superconductors), and the precursor solutions (which
describe the onset of superconductivity in type-I superconductors) are also
studied. The limits of applicability of the so-called linear equation
approximation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 696 </DOCNO>
Quadratic Algebra associated with Rational Calogero-Moser Models


  Classical Calogero-Moser models with rational potential are known to be
superintegrable. That is, on top of the r involutive conserved quantities
necessary for the integrability of a system with r degrees of freedom, they
possess an additional set of r-1 algebraically and functionally independent
globally defined conserved quantities. At the quantum level, Kuznetsov
uncovered the existence of a quadratic algebra structure as an underlying key
for superintegrability for the models based on A type root systems. Here we
demonstrate in a universal way the quadratic algebra structure for quantum
rational Calogero-Moser models based on any root systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96343 </DOCNO>
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces. I. Stochastic processes


  Non-Archimedean analogs of Markov quasimeasures and stochastic processes are
investigated. Thery are used for the development of stochastic antiderivations.
The non-Archimedean analog of the It$\hat o$ formula is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123963 </DOCNO>
UVES observations of a damped Ly-alpha system at z_abs = 4.466 towards


  We present the first high-resolution (6.2 to 7.7 km/s FWHM) spectra of the
APM BR J0307-4945 quasar at z_em = 4.73 obtained with UVES on the 8.2m VLT
Kueyen telescope. We focus our analysis on a damped Ly-alpha (DLA) system at
z_abs = 4.466 with a neutral hydrogen column density N(HI) = (4.68 +/- 0.97)
10^{20} cm^{-2}. It is the most distant DLA system known to the present date,
observed when the age of the universe was only 1.3 Gyr. It shows complex low-
and high-ionization line profiles spanning ~240 and 300 km/s in velocity space
respectively. We derive accurate abundances for N, O, Al, Si and Fe, and place
a lower limit on C and an upper limit on Ni: [N/H] = -3.07 +/- 0.15, [O/H] =
-1.63 +/- 0.19, [Al/H] = -1.79 +/- 0.11, [Si/H] = -1.54 +/- 0.11, [Fe/H] =
-1.97 +/- 0.19, [C/H] > -1.63 and [Ni/H] < -2.35. The derived high metallicity,
1/90 solar, shows that this very young absorber (< 1.3 Gyr) has already
experienced a significant metal enrichment. The [O/Si] ratio is nearly solar
suggesting a limited amount of dust, the relative [Si,O/Fe] abundance ratios
show a similar enhancement as observed in the Milky Way stars with comparable
metallicities, and the [N/O] ratio is very low. All these results point to an
enrichment pattern dominated by Type II supernovae which suggests a Milky Way
type evolutionary model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97289 </DOCNO>
On twisting of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras


  In this paper we study the properties of Drinfeld's twisting for
finite-dimensional Hopf algebras. We determine how the integral of the dual to
a unimodular Hopf algebra $H$ changes under twisting of $H$. We show that the
classes of cosemisimple unimodular, cosemisimple involutive, cosemisimple
quasitriangular finite-dimensional Hopf algebras are stable under twisting. We
also prove the cosemisimplicity of a coalgebra obtained by twisting of a
cosemisimple unimodular Hopf algebra by two different twists on two sides (such
twists are closely related to biGalois extensions), and describe the
representation theory of its dual. Next, we define the notion of a
non-degenerate twist for a Hopf algebra $H$, and set up a bijection between
such twists for $H$ and $H^*$. This bijection is based on Miyashita-Ulbrich
actions of Hopf algebras on simple algebras. It generalizes to the
non-commutative case the procedure of inverting a non-degenerate skew-symmetric
bilinear form on a vector space. Finally, we apply these results to
classification of twists in group algebras and of cosemisimple triangular
finite-dimensional Hopf algebras in positive characteristic, generalizing the
previously known classification in characteristic zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126696 </DOCNO>
Direct and indirect detection of WIMPs


  We present here the principles of detection of Weakly Interacting Massive
Particles, which could represent a large contribution to Dark Matter. A status
of the experimental situation is given both for indirect and direct detection.
In particular, the DAMA claim for a WIMP signal is confronted to the recent
results of the CDMS and EDELWEISS experiments. We conclude by comparing direct
and indirect search sensitivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127739 </DOCNO>
Reflection at large distance from the central engine in Seyferts


  We consider the possibility that most of the reflection component, observed
in the hard X-ray spectra of Seyfert galaxies, could be formed on an extended
medium, at large distance from the central source of primary radiation (e.g. on
a torus). Then, the reflector cannot respond to the rapid fluctuations of the
primary source. The observed reflected flux is controlled by the time-averaged
primary spectrum rather than the instantaneous (observed) one. We show that
this effect strongly influence the spectral fits parameters derived under the
assumption of a reflection component consistent with the primary radiation. We
find that a pivoting primary power-law spectrum with a nearly constant
Comptonised luminosity may account for the reported correlation between the
reflection amplitude $R$ and the spectral index $\Gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148286 </DOCNO>
Domain Walls in Supersymmetric QCD


  In this talk we construct BPS-saturated domain walls in supersymmetric QCD,
for any values of the masses of the chiral matter superfields. We compare our
results to those already obtained in the literature and we also discuss their
range of applicability, as well as future directions that would be desirable to
explore in order to achieve a complete understanding of supersymmetric
gluodynamics as a step in improving our knowledge of how QCD works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97058 </DOCNO>
Approach to Equilibrium for a Forced Burgers Equation


  We show that approach to equilibrium in certain forced Burgers equations is
implied by a decay estimate on a suitable intrinsic semigroup estimate, and we
verify this estimate in a variety of cases including a periodic force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73898 </DOCNO>
Chiral corrections to baryon properties with composite pions


  A calculational scheme is developed to evaluate chiral corrections to
properties of composite baryons with composite pions. The composite baryons and
pions are bound states derived from a microscopic chiral quark model. The model
is amenable to standard many-body techniques such as the BCS and RPA
formalisms. An effective chiral model involving only hadronic degrees of
freedom is derived from the macroscopic quark model by projection onto hadron
states. Chiral loops are calculated using the effective hadronic Hamiltonian. A
simple microscopic confining interaction is used to illustrate the derivation
of the pion-nucleon form factor and the calculation of pionic self-energy
corrections to the nucleon and Delta(1232) masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7431 </DOCNO>
Static phase and dynamic scaling in a deposition model with an inactive


  We extend a previously proposed deposition model with two kinds of particles,
considering the restricted solid-on-solid condition. The probability of
incidence of particle C (A) is p (1-p). Aggregation is possible if the top of
the column of incidence has a nearest neighbor A and if the difference in the
heights of neighboring columns does not exceed 1. For any value of p>0, the
deposit attains some static configuration, in which no deposition attempt is
accepted. In 1+1 dimensions, the interface width has a limiting value W_s ~
p^{-\eta}, with \eta = 3/2, which is confirmed by numerical simulations. The
dynamic scaling relation W_s = p^{-\eta} f(tp^z) is obtained in very large
substrates, with z=\eta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127658 </DOCNO>
Constraining cosmological models using arc statistics in future SZ


  Upcoming wide-area surveys in the submillimetre regime will allow the
construction of complete galaxy cluster samples through their thermal
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. We propose an analytic method to predict the number
of gravitationally lensed giant arcs produced by the cluster sample expected to
be detectable for the Planck satellite. The statistics of lensed arcs can be
used to constrain cosmological parameters. This computation implies the choice
of an analytic cluster model which has to reproduce the lensing properties of
realistic galaxy clusters. Comparing the results of analytic computations and
numerical ray-tracing simulations, we show that spherical models with the
Navarro-Frenk-White density profile fail by far to produce as many giant arcs
as realistic galaxy clusters. This confirms the great importance of asymmetries
and substructures in the lensing matter distribution. By elliptically
distorting the lensing potential of spherical NFW density profiles, we show
that the discrepancy between analytic and numerical computations can almost
completely be removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1874 </DOCNO>
The glassy phase of Gallager codes


  Gallager codes are the best error-correcting codes to-date. In this paper we
study them by using the tools of statistical mechanics. The corresponding
statistical mechanics model is a spin model on a sparse random graph. The model
can be solved by elementary methods (i.e. without replicas) in a large
connectivity limit. For low enough temperatures it presents a completely frozen
glassy phase (q_{EA}=1). The same scenario is shown to hold for finite
connectivities. In this case we adopt the replica approach and exhibit a
one-step replica symmetry breaking order parameter. We argue that our ansatz
yields the exact solution of the model. This allows us to determine the whole
phase diagram and to understand the performances of Gallager codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150285 </DOCNO>
Vacuum States and the S-Matrix in dS/CFT


  We propose a definition of dS/CFT correlation functions by equating them to
S-matrix elements for scattering particles from I^- to I^+. In planar
coordinates, which cover half of de Sitter space, we consider instead the
S-vector obtained by specifying a fixed state on the horizon. We construct the
one-parameter family of de Sitter invariant vacuum states for a massive scalar
field in these coordinates, and show that the vacuum obtained by analytic
continuation from the sphere has no particles on the past horizon. We use this
formalism to provide evidence that the one-parameter family of vacua
corresponds to marginal deformations of the CFT by computing a three-point
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125011 </DOCNO>
Far Infrared Spectroscopy of star-forming galaxies: Expectations for the


  ISO has enabled far-infrared spectroscopy of a variety of galaxies. Using the
[CII] (158 micron) and [OI](63 micron) lines, we can characterize the physical
conditions in the star-forming ISM. These observations also form the basis of
our expectations for what the Herschel Space Observatory will observe for high
redshift galaxies. While [CII] is suppressed in ULIRGs and normal galaxies with
high dust temperatures, it is stronger than expected in metal poor galaxies by
factors of a few. Young galaxies at high redshifts might be expected to be both
metal poor and actively star-forming, leading to contrary expectations for the
[CII] line strength. The best prediction for [CII] detection is derived by
using the observed proportionality between [CII] and mid-IR emission from PAHs.
Using the observed [CII]/7 micron ratio and number counts from ISO deep surveys
we predict that HSO will be able to detect 100 sources/square-degree in the
[CII] line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6067 </DOCNO>
Enhanced tunneling across nanometer-scale metal-semiconductor interfaces


  We have measured electrical transport across epitaxial, nanometer-sized
metal-semiconductor interfaces by contacting CoSi2-islands grown on Si(111)
with an STM-tip. The conductance per unit area was found to increase with
decreasing diode area. Indeed, the zero-bias conductance was found to be about
10^4 times larger than expected from downscaling a conventional diode. These
observations are explained by a model, which predicts a narrower barrier for
small diodes and therefore a greatly increased contribution of tunneling to the
electrical transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1179 </DOCNO>
Superconducting magnesium diboride films with Tc \approx 24K grown by


  Thin superconducting films of magnesium diboride (MgB2) with Tc \approx 24K
were prepared on various oxide substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD)
followed by an in-situ anneal. A systematic study of the influence of various
in-situ annealing parameters shows an optimum temperature of about 600C in a
background of 0.7 atm. of Ar/4%H2 for layers consisting of a mixture of
magnesium and boron. Contrary to ex-situ approaches (e.g. reacting boron films
with magnesium vapor at 900C), these films are processed below the
decomposition temperature of MgB2. This may prove enabling in the formation of
multilayers, junctions, and epitaxial films in future work. Issues related to
the improvement of these films and to the possible in-situ growth of MgB2 at
elevated temperature are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1516 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall states as matrix Chern-Simons theory


  We propose a finite Chern-Simons matrix model on the plane as an effective
description of fractional quantum Hall fluids of finite extent. The
quantization of the inverse filling fraction and of the quasiparticle number is
shown to arise quantum mechanically and to agree with Laughlin theory. We also
point out the effective equivalence of this model, and therefore of the quantum
Hall system, with the Calogero model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123346 </DOCNO>
Observations of the interstellar medium in the Magellanic Bridge


  We present ultraviolet and optical spectra of DI 1388, a young star in the
Magellanic Bridge, a region of gas between the Small and Large Magellanic
Clouds. The data have signal-to-noise ratios of 20 to 45 and a spectral
resolution of 6.5 km/s. Interstellar absorption by the Magellanic Bridge at
v_LSR = 200 km/s is visible in the lines of C I, C II,C II*, C IV, N I, O I, Al
II, Si II, Si III, Si IV, S II, Ca II, Fe II, and Ni II. The relative gas-phase
abundances of C II, N I, O I, Al II, Si II, Fe II, and Ni II with respect to S
II are similar to those found in Galactic halo clouds, despite a significantly
lower metallicity in the Magellanic Bridge. The higher ionization species in
the cloud have a column density ratio N(C IV)/N(Si IV) about 1.9, similar to
that inferred for collisionally ionized Galactic cloud interfaces at
temperatures 10^5 K.We identify sub-structure in the stronger interstellar
lines, with a broad component (FWHM = 20 km/s) at 179 km/s and a sharp
component (FWHM = 11 km/s) at 198 km/s. The abundance analysis for these clouds
indicates that the feature at 198 km/s consists of a low electron density,
mainly neutral gas that may be associated with an interface responsible for the
highly ionized gas. The 179 km/s cloud consists of warmer, lower density gas
that is partially ionized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1748 </DOCNO>
Topological Properties of Citation and Metabolic Networks


  Topological properties of "scale-free" networks are investigated by
determining their spectral dimensions $d_S$, which reflect a diffusion process
in the corresponding graphs. Data bases for citation networks and metabolic
networks together with simulation results from the growing network model
\cite{barab} are probed. For completeness and comparisons lattice, random,
small-world models are also investigated. We find that $d_S$ is around 3 for
citation and metabolic networks, which is significantly different from the
growing network model, for which $d_S$ is approximately 7.5. This signals a
substantial difference in network topology despite the observed similarities in
vertex order distributions. In addition, the diffusion analysis indicates that
whereas the citation networks are tree-like in structure, the metabolic
networks contain many loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179740 </DOCNO>
Considerations on rescattering effects for threshold photo- and


  We show that for the S-state $\pi^0$-production in processes $\gamma+d\to
d+\pi^0$ and $e^-+d\to e^-+d+\pi^0$ the rescattering effects due to the
transition: $ \gamma+d\to p+p+\pi^-$ (or $n+n+\pi^+)\to d+\pi^0$ are cancelled
out due to the Pauli principle. The large values for these effects predicted in
the past may result from the fact that the spin structure of the corresponding
matrix element and the necessary antisymmetrization induced by the presence of
identical protons (or neutrons) in the intermediate state was not taken into
account accurately. One of the important consequences of these considerations
is that $\pi^0$ photo- and electro-production on deuteron near threshold can
bring direct information about elementary neutron amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4432 </DOCNO>
Low density approach to the Kondo-lattice model


  We propose a new approach to the (ferromagnetic) Kondo-lattice model in the
low density region, where the model is thought to give a reasonable frame work
for manganites with perovskite structure exhibiting the "colossal
magnetoresistance" -effect. Results for the temperature- dependent
quasiparticle density of states are presented. Typical features can be
interpreted in terms of elementary spin-exchange processes between itinerant
conduction electrons and localized moments. The approach is exact in the zero
bandwidth limit for all temperatures and at T=0 for arbitrary bandwidths,
fulfills exact high-energy expansions and reproduces correctly second order
perturbation theory in the exchange coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96145 </DOCNO>
Classes de Chern en cohomologie rigide


  In this paper, I construct Chern classes in the rigid cohomology of P.
Berthelot. We start by constructing Chern classes for proper varieties. To
prove all the properties we have to reinterpret the construction in a
crystalline way. Then we can deal with open varieties using a compactification
theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169308 </DOCNO>
From limits of quantum nonlinear operations to multicopy entanglement


  Limits of nonlinear in quantum mechanics are studied. Impossibility of
physical implementation of the transformation $\varrho^{\otimes n} \to
\varrho^{n}$ in quantum mechanics is proved. For sake of further analysis the
simplest notion of structural completely positive approximation (SCPA) and
structural physical approximations (SPA) of unphysical map are introduced. Both
always exist for linear hermitian maps and can be optimised under natural
assumptions. However it is shown that some intuitively natural SPA of the
nonlinear operation $\varrho^{\otimes 2} \to \varrho^{2}$ that was already
proven to be unphysical is impossible. It is conjectured that there exist no
SPA of the operation $\varrho^{\otimes n} \to \varrho^{n}$ at all. It is
pointed out that, on the other hand, it is physically possible to measure the
trace of the second power of the state $Tr(\varrho^{2})$ if only two copies of
the system are available. This gives the interpretation of one of Tsallis
entropy as mean value of some ``multicopy'' observable. The (partial)
generalisation of this idea shows that each of higher order Tsallis entropies
can be measured with help of only two multicopy observables. Following this
observations the notion of multicopy entanglement witnesses is defined and
first example is provided. Finally, with help of multicopy observables simple
method of spectrum state estimation is pointed out and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87277 </DOCNO>
Discrete scalar field and general relativity


  What is the nature - continuous or discrete - of matter and of its
fundamental interactions? The physical meaning, the properties and the
consequences of a discrete scalar field are discussed; limits for the validity
of a mathematical description of fundamental physics in terms of continuum
fields are a natural outcome of discrete fields with discrete interactions. Two
demarcating points (a near and a far) define a domain where no difference
between the discrete and the standard continuum field formalisms can be
experimentally detected. Discrepancies, however, can be observed as a
continuous-interaction is always stronger below the near point and weaker above
the far point than a discrete one. The connections between the discrete scalar
field and gravity from general relativity are discussed. Whereas vacuum
solutions of general relativity can be retrieved from discrete scalar field
solutions, this cannot be extended to solutions in presence of massive sources
as they require a true tensor metric field. Contact is made, on passing, with
the problem of dark matter and the rotation curve of galaxies, with inflation
and the accelerated expansion, the apparent anomaly in the Pioneer spacecraft
acceleration, the quantum Hall effect, high-$T_{c}$ superconductivity, quark
confinement, and with Tsallis generalized one-parameter statistics as some
possible manifestation of discrete interaction and of an essentially discrete
world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97522 </DOCNO>
Generalized Longo-Rehren subfactors and alpha-induction


  We study the recent construction of subfactors by Rehren which generalizes
the Longo-Rehren subfactors. We prove that if we apply this construction to a
non-degenerately braided subfactor N subset M and alpha-induction, then the
resulting subfactor is dual to the Longo-Rehren subfactor M tensor M^opp subset
R arising from the entire system of irreducible endomorphisms of M resulting
from alpha-induction. As a corollary, we solve a problem on existence of
braiding raised by Rehren negatively. Furthermore, we generalize our previous
study with Longo and Muger on multi-interval subfactors arising from a
completely rational conformal net of factors on S^1 to a net of subfactors and
show that the (generalized) Longo-Rehren subfactors and alpha-induction
naturally appear in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179436 </DOCNO>
In medium T-matrix for superfluid nuclear matter


  We study a generalized ladder resummation in the superfluid phase of the
nuclear matter. The approach is based on a conserving generalization of the
usual T-matrix approximation including also anomalous self-energies and
propagators. The approximation here discussed is a generalization of the usual
mean-field BCS approach and of the in medium T-matrix approximation in the
normal phase. The numerical results in this work are obtained in the
quasi-particle approximation. Properties of the resulting self-energy,
superfluid gap and spectral functions are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128388 </DOCNO>
An Overview of the Performance and Scientific Results from the Chandra


  The Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO), the x-ray component of NASA's Great
Observatories, was launched on 1999, July 23 by the Space Shuttle Columbia.
After satellite systems activation, the first x-rays focussed by the telescope
were observed on 1999, August 12. Beginning with the initial observation it was
clear that the telescope had survived the launch environment and was operating
as expected. Despite an initial surprise due to the discovery that the
telescope was far more efficient for concentrating CCD-damaging low-energy
protons than had been anticipated, the observatory is performing well and is
returning superb scientific data. Together with other space observatories, most
notably XMM-Newton, it is clear that we have entered a new era of discovery in
high-energy astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129682 </DOCNO>
The simulation of astroparticle experiments and the GEANT4 toolkit


  The new generation of astroparticle experiments will use technologies common
to High Energy Physics. Among such technologies a central place is given to the
role of simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 573 </DOCNO>
Criticality of natural absorbing states


  We study a recently introduced ladder model which undergoes a transition
between an active and an infinitely degenerate absorbing phase. In some cases
the critical behaviour of the model is the same as that of the branching
annihilating random walk with $N\geq 2$ species both with and without hard-core
interaction. We show that certain static characteristics of the so-called
natural absorbing states develop power law singularities which signal the
approach of the critical point. These results are also explained using random
walk arguments. In addition to that we show that when dynamics of our model is
considered as a minimum finding procedure, it has the best efficiency very
close to the critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41486 </DOCNO>
Search for CP Violation in the decays D+ -> K_S pi+ and D+ -> K_S K+


  A high statistics sample of photo-produced charm from the FOCUS(E831)
experiment at Fermilab has been used to search for direct CP violation in the
decays D+->K_S pi+ and D+ -> K_S K+. We have measured the following asymmetry
parameters relative to D+->K-pi+pi+: A_CP(K_S pi+) = (-1.6 +/- 1.5 +/- 0.9)%,
A_CP(K_S K+) = (+6.9 +/- 6.0 +/- 1.5)% and A_CP(K_S K+) = (+7.1 +/- 6.1 +/-
1.2)% relative to D+->K_S pi+. The first errors quoted are statistical and the
second are systematic. We also measure the relative branching ratios:
\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}pi+)/\Gamma(D+->K-pi+pi+) = (30.60 +/- 0.46 +/- 0.32)%,
\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}K+)/\Gamma(D+->K-pi+pi+) = (6.04 +/- 0.35 +/- 0.30)% and
\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}K+)/\Gamma(D+->\bar{K0}pi+) = (19.96 +/- 1.19 +/- 0.96)%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76153 </DOCNO>
Analytic continuation and perturbative expansions in QCD


  Starting from the divergence pattern of perturbative quantum chromodynamics,
we propose a novel, non-power series replacing the standard expansion in powers
of the renormalized coupling constant $a$. The coefficients of the new
expansion are calculable at each finite order from the Feynman diagrams, while
the expansion functions, denoted as $W_n(a)$, are defined by analytic
continuation in the Borel complex plane. The infrared ambiguity of perturbation
theory is manifest in the prescription dependence of the $W_n(a)$. We prove
that the functions $W_n(a)$ have branch point and essential singularities at
the origin $a=0$ of the complex $a$-plane and their perturbative expansions in
powers of $a$ are divergent, while the expansion of the correlators in terms of
the $W_n(a)$ set is convergent under quite loose conditions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76368 </DOCNO>
On helicity and spin on the light cone


  Starting from a one-body front-form equation with Lepage-Brodsky spinors we
show, with a fair amount of new technology, how an integral equation in
standard momentum space with Bjorken-Drell spinors can be obtained. The
integral equation decouples for singlets and triplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3064 </DOCNO>
Memory effects in the relaxation of Ising models


  It is analytically shown that the one-dimensional Ising model with Glauber
dynamics exhibits short time memory effects when submitted to an abrupt change
in the temperature. These effects are qualitatively similar to those
experimentally observed in the compaction of vibrated granular materials.
Moreover, a critical time separating regimes of ``normal'' and ``anomalous''
responses to the perturbation is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73549 </DOCNO>
The prompt TeV-PeV atmospheric neutrino window


  We discuss the possible existence of an observational window, in the TeV-PeV
energy range, for the detection of prompt neutrinos from the decay of charmed
particles produced in cosmic ray interactions with the atmosphere. We calculate
the event rates for muon and tau neutrinos of heavy quark, mostly charm,
origin. We argue that their prompt fluxes are observable in a kilometer-scale
neutrino telescope, even though the calculations are subjected to large
uncertainties, which we quantify. We raise the possibility that a small
component of prompt neutrinos may already be present in the observed samples of
current experiments. We also discuss the interplay of the predicted fluxes with
those produced by the flavor oscillation of conventional atmospheric neutrinos,
and by anticipated cosmic sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1917 </DOCNO>
Line shapes of dynamical correlation functions in Heisenberg chains


  We calculate line shapes of correlation functions by use of complete
diagonalization data of finite chains and analytical implications from
conformal field theory, density of states, and Bethe ansatz. The numerical data
have different finite size accuracy in case of the imaginary and real parts in
the frequency and time representations of spin-correlation functions,
respectively. The low temperature, conformally invariant regime crosses over at
$T^*\approx 0.7J$ to a diffusive regime that in turn connects continuously to
the high temperature, interacting fermion regime. The first moment sum rule is
determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98262 </DOCNO>
Stability of Singular Spectral Types under Decaying Perturbations


  We look at invariance of a.e. boundary condition spectral behavior under
perturbations, $W$, of half-line, continuum or discrete Schr\"odinger
operators. We extend the results of del Rio, Simon, Stolz from compactly
supported $W$'s to suitable short-range $W$. We also discuss invariance of the
local Hausdorff dimension of spectral measures under such perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126761 </DOCNO>
Theory and Extragalactic Masers


  Theoretical research on extragalactic masers (and hence this review) is
almost entirely directed toward 22 GHz water masers in circumnuclear disks with
the focus being the near ideal masing disk at the nucleus of the galaxy
NGC4258. The discussion here is organized around (1) the excitation and
conditions for the masers, (2) the spatial and spectral appearance of the maser
emission, and (3) the mass accretion rate and structure of the disk. In
addition, a summary is given of the basic physics (spectral linebeadths and
maser polarization) that underlies certain interpretations of these and other
astrophysical masers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123855 </DOCNO>
Galactic planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet nuclei. II. A consistent


  We present high resolution spectrophotometric data for 34 galactic planetary
nebulae with [WC] nuclei (WRPNe).The sample includes PNe with early and late
[WC] stars and some WELS. Physical conditions and chemical abundances have been
derived and expansion velocities were estimated for most objects of the sample.
A statistical study was developed to find fundamental relationships between the
nebular and central star parameters.We found evidence for a strong unexpected
electron temperature gradient in WRPNe which is related to nebular excitation.
Abundance ratios indicate that there seems to be no preferential stellar mass
for the WR phenomenon to occur in the nucleus of a planetary nebula. The PNe M
1-25 and M 1-32 were found to have very small Ne/O ratios.Our data confirm the
trend of the electron density decreasing with decreasing spectral type, which
was interpreted as evidence that [WC] stars evolve from late to early [WC]
types. On the other hand, the expansion velocities do not show the increase
with decreasing spectral type, that one might expect in such a scenario. Two
objects with very late [WC] central stars, K 2-16 and PM 1-188, do not follow
the general density sequence, being of very low density for their spectral
types. We suggest that the stars either underwent a late helium flash (the
``born again'' scenario) or that they have had a particularly slow evolution
from the AGB. The 6 WELS of our sample follow the same density vs. [WC]-type
relation as the bona fide WRPNe, but they tend to have smaller expansion
velocities. The comparison between the WRPNe in the Magellanic Clouds and in
the Galaxy indicates that metallicity affects the [WR] phenomenon in central
stars of planetary nebulae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127931 </DOCNO>
X-Rays from Isolated Black Holes in the Milky Way


  Galactic stellar-population-synthesis models, chemical-enrichment models, and
long-duration Bulge microlensing events indicate about N_tot=(0.1-1) billion
stellar-mass black holes reside in our Galaxy. We study X-ray emission from
accretion from the interstellar medium on to isolated black holes. Although
isolated black holes may be fewer in number than neutron stars, N_NS ~ 1
billion, their higher masses, <M>~9 M_sun, and smaller space velocities, v ~ 40
km/s, result in Bondi-Hoyle accretion rates ~4.E3 times higher than for neutron
stars. We estimate that ~1.E4 N_9 isolated black holes within the Milky Way
should accrete at > 1.E15 g/s, comparable to accretion rates inferred for
black-hole X-ray binaries given a total number of black holes N_tot= N_9 1.E9.
If black holes accrete at efficiencies only ~1.E-4(N_NS/N_tot)^0.8 of the
neutron-star accretion efficiency, a comparable number of each may be
detectable. We make predictions for the number of isolated accreting black
holes in our Galaxy which can be detected with X-ray surveys as a function of
efficiency, concluding that all-sky surveys at a depth of F = f 1.E-15
erg/cm^2/s/dex can find N(>F)~ 1.E4 N_9 (e5/f)^1.2 isolated accreting black
holes for a velocity dispersion of 40 km/s and X-ray accretion efficiency = e5
1.E-5. Deeper surveys of the Galactic plane with Chandra and XMM-Newton may
find tens of these objects per year, depending on the efficiency. We argue that
a minimum mass can be derived for microlensing black-hole candidates if they
are detected in the X-ray.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127174 </DOCNO>
A Tunable Lyot Filter at Prime Focus: a Method for Tracing Supercluster


  Tunable narrow-band, emission-line surveys have begun to show the ease with
which star forming galaxies can be identified in restricted redshift intervals
to z ~ 5 with a 4m class telescope. These surveys have been carried out with
imaging systems at the Cassegrain or Nasmyth focus and are therefore restricted
to fields smaller than 10 arcmin. We now show that tunable narrowband imaging
is possible over a 30 arcmin field with a high-performance Lyot filter placed
directly in front of a CCD mosaic at the prime focus. Our design is intended
for the f/3.3 prime focus of the AAT 3.9m, although similar devices can be
envisaged for the Subaru 8m (f/2), Palomar 5m (f/3.4), VISTA 4m (f/6), Mayall
4m (f/2.6) or CFHT 3.6m (f/4). A modified Wynne doublet ensures sub-arcsecond
performance over the field. In combination with the new Wide-Field Imaging 8K x
8K mosaic (WFI) at the AAT, the overall throughput (35%) of the system to
unpolarised light is expected to be comparable to the TAURUS Tunable Filter
(TTF). Unlike the TTF, the field is fully monochromatic and the instrumental
profile has much better wing suppression. For targetted surveys of
emission-line sources at z ~ 1, a low-resolution (R ~ 150 at 550nm) Lyot filter
on a 4m telescope is expected to be comparable or superior to current
instruments on 8-10m class telescopes. We demonstrate that the 30 arcmin field
is well matched to superclusters at these redshifts such that large-scale
structure should be directly observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6513 </DOCNO>
Dielectric mixtures -- electrical properties and modeling


  In this paper, a review on dielectric mixtures and the importance of the
numerical simulations of dielectric mixtures are presented. It stresses on the
interfacial polarization observed in mixtures. It is shown that this
polarization can yield different dielectric responses depending on the
properties of the constituents and their concentrations. Open question on the
subject are also introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6739 </DOCNO>
Static Correlation and Dynamical Properties of Tb3+-moments in Tb2Ti2O7


  Static and dynamical properties of the magnetic moment system of pyrochlore
compound Tb2Ti2O7 with strong magnetic frustration, have been investigated down
to the temperature T=0.4 K by neutron scattering on a single crystal sample.
The scattering vector (Q)-dependence of the magnetic scattering intensity
becomes appreciable with decreasing T at around 30 K, indicating the
development of the magnetic correlation. From the observed energy profiles, the
elastic, quasi elastic and inelastic components have been separately obtained.
The quasi elastic component corresponds to the diffusive motion of the magnetic
moments within the lowest states, which are formed of the lowest energy levels
of Tb3+ ions. Magnetic correlation pattern which can roughly reproduce the
Q-dependence of the scattering intensities of the elastic and quasi elastic
component is discussed based on the trial calculations for clusters of 7
moments belonging to two corner-sharing tetrahedra. A possible origin of the
glassy state, which develops at around 1.5 K with decreasing T is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5118 </DOCNO>
Stochastically perturbed flows: Delayed and interrupted evolution


  We present analytical expressions for the time-dependent and stationary
probability distributions corresponding to a stochastically perturbed
one-dimensional flow with critical points, in two physically relevant
situations: delayed evolution, in which the flow alternates with a quiescent
state in which the variate remains frozen at its current value for random
intervals of time; and interrupted evolution, in which the variate is also
re-set in the quiescent state to a random value drawn from a fixed
distribution. In the former case, the effect of the delay upon the first
passage time statistics is analyzed. In the latter case, the conditions under
which an extended stationary distribution can exist as a consequence of the
competition between an attractor in the flow and the random re-setting are
examined. We elucidate the role of the normalization condition in eliminating
the singularities arising from the unstable critical points of the flow, and
present a number of representative examples. A simple formula is obtained for
the stationary distribution and interpreted physically. A similar
interpretation is also given for the known formula for the stationary
distribution in a full-fledged dichotomous flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76933 </DOCNO>
Comment on 4D Lorentz invariance violations in the brane-world


  The brane-world scenario offers the possibility for signals to travel outside
our visible universe and reenter it. We find the condition for a signal emitted
from the brane to return to the brane. We also study the propagation of such
signals and show that, as seen by a 4D observer, these signals arrive earlier
than light traveling along the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73950 </DOCNO>
CP violation in B decay


  We review the physics of CP violation in B decays. After introducing the CKM
matrix and how it causes CP violation, we cover three types of CP violation
that can occur in B decays: CP violation in mixing, CP violation by
mixing-decay interference, and CP violation in decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6598 </DOCNO>
Viscous fingering and a shape of an electronic droplet in the Quantum


  We show that the semiclassical dynamics of an electronic droplet confined in
the plane in a quantizing inhomogeneous magnetic field in the regime when the
electrostatic interaction is negligible is similar to viscous (Saffman-Taylor)
fingering on the interface between two fluids with different viscosities
confined in a Hele-Shaw cell. Both phenomena are described by the same
equations with scales differing by a factor of up to $10^{-9}$. We also report
the quasiclassical wave function of the droplet in an inhomogeneous magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7408 </DOCNO>
Systematic (63)Cu NQR and (89)Y NMR Study of Spin Dynamics in


  We demonstrate that spin dynamics in underdoped Y(1-z)Ca(z)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(y) for
y=6.0 exhibit nearly identical behavior to underdoped La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) for an
equal amount of hole concentration p=z/2=x<0.11. However,a spin-gap appears as
more holes are doped into the CuO(2) plane by increasing the oxygen
concentration to y=6.5 for a fixed value of Ca concentration z. Our results
also suggest that Ca doping causes disorder effects that enhance the low
frequency spin fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4718 </DOCNO>
Broken ergodicity and memory in the minority game


  We study the dynamics of the `batch' minority game with market-impact
correction using generating functional techniques to carry out the quenched
disorder average. We find that the assumption of weak long-term memory, which
one usually makes in order to calculate ergodic stationary states, breaks down
when the persistent autocorrelation becomes larger than c_c=0.772... We show
that this condition, remarkably, coincides with the AT-line found in an earlier
static calculation. This result suggests a new scenario for ergodicity breaking
in disordered systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169303 </DOCNO>
Non-Locality and Theories of Causation


  The aim of the paper is to investigate the characterization of an unambiguous
notion of causation linking single space-llike separated events in EPR-Bell
frameworks. This issue is investigated in ordinary quantum mechanics, with some
hints to no collapse formulations of the theory such as Bohmian mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124347 </DOCNO>
Stability of accretion discs threaded by a strong magnetic field


  We study the stability of poloidal magnetic fields anchored in a thin
accretion disc. The two-dimensional hydrodynamics in the disc plane is followed
by a grid-based numerical simulation including the vertically integrated
magnetic forces. The 3--dimensional magnetic field outside the disc is
calculated in a potential field approximation from the magnetic flux density
distribution in the disc. For uniformly rotating discs we confirm numerically
the existence of the interchange instability as predicted by Spruit, Stehle &
Papaloizou (1995). In agreement with predictions from the shearing sheet model,
discs with Keplerian rotation are found to be stabilized by the shear, as long
as the contribution of magnetic forces to support against gravity is small.
When this support becomes significant, we find a global instability which
transports angular momentum outward and allows mass to accrete inward. The
instability takes the form of a $m=1$ rotating `crescent', reminiscent of the
purely hydrodynamic nonlinear instability previously found in
pressure-supported discs. A model where the initial surface mass density
$\Sigma(r)$ and $B_{\mathrm{z}}(r)$ decrease with radius as power laws shows
transient mass accretion during about 6 orbital periods, and settles into a
state with surface density and field strength decreasing approximately
exponentially with radius. We argue that this instability is likely to be the
main angular momentum transport mechanism in discs with a poloidal magnetic
field sufficiently strong to suppress magnetic turbulence. It may be especially
relevant in jet-producing discs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7535 </DOCNO>
Cooper-pair qubit and Cooper-pair electrometer in one device


  An all-superconductor charge qubit enabling a radio-frequency readout of its
quantum state is described. The core element of the setup is a superconducting
loop which includes the single-Cooper-pair (Bloch) transistor. This circuit has
two functions: First, it operates as a charge qubit with magnetic control of
Josephson coupling and electrostatic control of the charge on the transistor
island. Secondly, it acts as the transducer of the rf electrometer, which
probes the qubit state by measuring the Josephson inductance of the transistor.
The evaluation of the basic parameters of this device shows its superiority
over the rf-SET-based qubit setup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 34 </DOCNO>
Ordered Morphologies of Confined Diblock Copolymers


  We investigate the ordered morphologies occurring in thin-films diblock
copolymer. For temperatures above the order-disorder transition and for an
arbitrary two-dimensional surface pattern, we use a Ginzburg-Landau expansion
of the free energy to obtain a linear response description of the copolymer
melt. The ordering in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the surface
are coupled. Three dimensional structures existing when a melt is confined
between two surfaces are examined. Below the order-disorder transition we find
tilted lamellar phases in the presence of striped surface fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113882 </DOCNO>
A Longshot Technique for Resurrecting the Dead by Reversing the Flow of


  Reversing the flow of time between Casimir plates raises the question of
whether or not a recently deceased, intact organism could be brought back to
life. The odds are not good.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5823 </DOCNO>
Metastable states in the Blume-Emery-Griffiths spin glass model


  We study the Blume-Emery-Griffiths spin glass model in presence of an
attractive coupling between real replicas, and evaluate the effective potential
as a function of the density overlap. We find that there is a region, above the
first order transition of the model, where metastable states with a large
density overlap exist. The line where these metastable states appear should
correspond to a purely dynamical transition, with a breaking of ergodicity.
Differently from what happens in p-spin glasses, in this model the dynamical
transition would not be the precursor of a 1-step RSB transition, but
(probably) of a full RSB transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98706 </DOCNO>
Amenability and co-amenability of algebraic quantum groups II


  We continue our study of the concepts of amenability and co-amenability for
algebraic quantum groups in the sense of A. Van Daele and our investigation of
their relationship with nuclearity and injectivity. One major tool for our
analysis is that every non-degenerate *-representation of the universal
C*-algebra associated to an algebraic quantum qroup has a unitary generator
which may be described in a concrete way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7524 </DOCNO>
Effect of a finite intra-molecular interaction on the presence of the


  Using mean field theory and Monte Carlo simulations, we study a model for
water with a tunable intra-molecular interaction J_sigma. The model displays a
temperature of maximum density for all J_sigma. For liquids, such as water,
where experiments suggest a finite intra-molecular interaction (J_sigma > 0),
our calculations support the presence of a liquid-liquid phase transition with
a possible liquid-liquid critical point. For liquids with negligible
intra-molecular interactions (J_sigma \approx 0), our results support the
singularity-free scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3462 </DOCNO>
Single ion anisotropy of Mn doped GaAs measured by EPR


  Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study of MBE grown Mn doped GaAs is
presented. The resolved fine structure allows us to evaluate the crystal field
parameters of the spin Hamiltonian. The obtained cubic constant is a= -14.1
10^-4/cm. The axial field parameter, D, increases with Mn concentration, x,
i.e., with the strain of (Ga,Mn)As layers. Extrapolation of D shows that the
single ion anisotropy is the important contribution to the magnetic anisotropy
which is observed in ferromagnetic layers with greater Mn concentrations. The
analysis of the EPR linewidth shows that native defects of the concentration of
5 10^19/cm^3, but not the Mn ions, are the main origin of crystal field
fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86048 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Density Contrast with Particle Production in a


  In this work we derive the evolution equation for the density contrast
considering open system cosmology, where the influence of adiabatic particle
production process on the dynamic of a homogeneous and isotropic is
investigated within a manifestly covariant formulation. As application we
derive the solution for two sources, one of them is a generalization of
Prigogine's model. Then we establish the condition for the reach of the
non-linear regime for the density contrast which turns out to be a necessary
condition for the structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 877 </DOCNO>
Strong Chaos in the N-body problem and Microcanonical Thermodynamics of


  The dynamical justifications which lie at the basis of an effective
Statistical Mechanics for self gravitating systems are formulated, analyzing
some among the well known obstacles thought to prevent a rigorous Statistical
treatment. It is shown that N-body gravitational systems satisfy a strong chaos
criterion, so supporting the assumption of an increasingly uniform spreading of
orbits over the constant energy surface, i.e., the asymptotic evolution towards
a microcanonical distribution. We then focus on the necessary conditions for
the equivalence of statistical ensembles and remark that this equivalence is
broken for any N-body system whose interaction has a range comparable with its
spatial extension. Once realized that the obstacles originate from the long
range nature of the Newtonian interaction, leading to the non-extensivity of
canonical and grand-canonical thermodynamic potentials, we show that instead a
suitably generalized microcanonical ensemble constitutes an orthode, i.e., a
reliable framework for a correct Thermodynamics. Within this setting we use the
thermodynamic relations and find consistent definitions for Entropy (which
turns out to be extensive, despite the non stable nature of the interaction),
Temperature and Heat Capacity. Then, a Second Law-like criterion is used to
select the hierarchy of secular equilibria describing, for any finite time, the
macroscopic behaviour of self gravitating systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167999 </DOCNO>
Entangled Nonorthogonal States and Their Decoherence Properties


  This paper presents properties of the so-called quasi-Bell states: entangled
states written as superpositions of nonorthogonal states. It is shown that a
special class of those states, namely entangled coherent states, are more
robust against decoherence due to photon absorption than the standard bi-photon
Bell states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74682 </DOCNO>
BPS Branes in Cosmology


  The possibility to study the M/string theory cosmology via 5d bulk & brane
action is investigated. The role of the 4-form field in the theory of BPS
branes in 5d is clarified. We describe arguments suggesting that the effective
4d description of the universe in the ekpyrotic scenario (hep-th/0103239)
should lead to contraction rather than expansion of the universe. To verify
these arguments, we study the full 5d action prior to its integration over the
5th dimension. We show that if one adds the potential V(Y) to the action of the
bulk brane, then the metric ansatz used in the ekpyrotic scenario does not
solve the dilaton and gravitational equations. To find a consistent
cosmological solution one must use a more general metric ansatz and a complete
5d description of the brane interaction instead of simply adding an effective
4d bulk brane potential V(Y).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6197 </DOCNO>
Pair Phase Fluctuations and the Pseudogap


  The single-particle density of states and the tunneling conductance are
studied for a two-dimensional BCS-like Hamiltonian with a d_{x^2-y^2}-gap and
phase fluctuations. The latter are treated by a classical Monte Carlo
simulation of an XY model. Comparison of our results with recent scanning
tunneling spectra of Bi-based high-T_c cuprates supports the idea that the
pseudogap behavior observed in these experiments can be understood as arising
from phase fluctuations of a d_{x^2-y^2} pairing gap whose amplitude forms on
an energy scale set by T_c^{MF} well above the actual superconducting
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86529 </DOCNO>
Slowly rotating superfluid Newtonian neutron star model with entrainment


  We develop a formalism to model slowly rotating superfluid Newtonian neutron
stars. A two-fluid model is used to describe the matter, where one fluid is the
superfluid neutrons that are believed to exist in the inner crust and core of
mature neutron stars, while the other fluid is a charge neutral conglomerate of
the remaining constituents (crust nuclei, core superconducting protons,
electrons, etc). We include the entrainment effect, which is a non-dissipative
interaction between the two fluids whereby a momentum induced in one of the
fluids will cause part of the mass of the other fluid to be carried along. The
equations that describe rotational equilibria (i.e. axisymmetric and stationary
configurations) are approximated using the slow-rotation approximation; an
expansion in terms of the rotation rates of the two fluids where only terms up
to second-order are kept. Our formalism allows the neutrons to rotate at a rate
different from that of the charged constituents. For a particular equation of
state that is quadratic in the two mass-densities and relative velocities of
the fluids, we find an analytic solution to the slow-rotation equations. This
result provides an elegant generalisation to the two-fluid problem of the
standard expressions for the one-fluid polytrope ${\cal E} \propto \rho^2$. The
model equation of state includes entrainment and is general enough to allow for
realistic values for, say, mass and radius of the star. It also includes a term
that can be related to ``symmetry energy'' terms that appear in more realistic
equations of state. We use the analytic solution to explore how relative
rotation between the two fluids, the ``symmetry energy'' term, and entrainment
affect the neutron star's local distribution of particles, as well as global
quantities as the Kepler limit, ellipticity, and moments of inertia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7271 </DOCNO>
Two effective temperatures in traffic flow models: analogies with


  We present a model of traffic flow, with rules that describe the behaviour of
automated vehicles in an open system. We show first of all that the fundamental
diagram of this system collapses to a point, where states of free and jammed
traffic can coexist in phase space. This leads us to consider separately the
roles of average velocities and densities as better descriptors of the actual
state of the traffic. Next, we observe that the transition between free and
jammed traffic as a function of the braking parameter R is different for high
and low initial densities, in the steady state; it turns out to be 'smeared
out' for low densities, a behaviour which is already portended by the transient
behaviour of the system. Our results indicate strongly that, at least for such
models, two effective temperatures (one related to R, and the other to the
density) are needed to describe the global behaviour of this system in
statistical mechanical terms. Analogies with granular flow are discussed in
this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97053 </DOCNO>
The q-deformation of AKNS-D Hierarchy


  In this paper, we considered the q-deformation of AKNS-D hierarchy, proved
the bilinear identity and give out the $\tau$-function of the q-deformed AKNS-D
hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2730 </DOCNO>
Nonadiabatic scattering of a quantum particle in an inhomogenous


  We investigate the quantum effects, in particular the Landau-level
quantization, in the scattering of a particle the nonadiabatic classical
dynamics of which is governed by an adiabatic invariant. As a relevant example,
we study the scattering of a drifting particle on a magnetic barrier in the
quantum limit where the cyclotron energy is much larger than a broadening of
the Landau levels induced by the nonadiabatic transitions. We find that,
despite the level quantization, the exponential suppression $\exp(-2\pi
d/\delta)$ (barrier width $d$, orbital shift per cyclotron revolution $\delta$)
of the root-mean-square transverse displacement experienced by the particle
after the scattering is the same in the quantum and the classical regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77069 </DOCNO>
Inflationary Scenarios from Branes at Angles


  We describe a simple mechanism that can lead to inflation within string-based
brane-world scenarios. The idea is to start from a supersymmetric configuration
with two parallel static Dp-branes, and slightly break the supersymmetry
conditions to produce a very flat potential for the field that parametrises the
distance between the branes, i.e. the inflaton field. This breaking can be
achieved in various ways: by slight relative rotations of the branes with small
angles, by considering small relative velocities between the branes, etc. If
the breaking parameter is sufficiently small, a large number of e-folds can be
produced within the D-brane, for small changes of the configuration in the
compactified directions. Such a process is local, i.e. it does not depend very
strongly on the compactification space nor on the initial conditions. Moreover,
the breaking induces a very small velocity and acceleration, which ensures very
small slow-roll parameters and thus an almost scale invariant spectrum of
metric fluctuations, responsible for the observed temperature anisotropies in
the microwave background. Inflation ends as in hybrid inflation, triggered by
the negative curvature of the string tachyon potential. In this paper we
elaborate on one of the simplest examples: two almost parallel D4-branes in a
flat compactified space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129163 </DOCNO>
Comparison of cosmological models using Bayesian theory


  Using the Bayesian theory of model comparison, a new cosmological model due
to John and Joseph [M. V. John and K. Babu Joseph, Phys. Rev. D 61, 87304
(2000)] is compared with the standard \Omega_{\Lambda} \neq 0 cosmological
model. Their analysis based on the recent apparent magnitude-redshift data of
Type Ia supernovas found evidence against the new model; our more careful
analysis finds instead that this evidence is not strong. On the other hand, we
find that the angular size-redshift data from compact (milliarcsecond) radio
sources do not discriminate between the two models. Our analysis serves as an
example of how to compare the relative merits of cosmological models in
general, using the Bayesian approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5017 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Dielectric Microwave Losses in MgO Substrates


  We have investigated the nonlinear surface impedance and two-tone
intermodulation distortion of nine epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-d films on MgO
substrates, using stripline resonators, at frequencies f=2.3-11.2GHz and
temperatures T=1.7K-Tc. The power dissipation decreased by up to one order of
magnitude as the microwave electric field was increased to about 100V/m for
T<20 K, while the reactance Xs showed only a weak increase. The minimum of the
losses correlated with a plateau in the intermodulation signal. The same
features were observed for a Nb film on MgO. The anomalous response is due to
nonlinear dielectric losses in the substrate, which can be described by defect
dipole relaxation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113738 </DOCNO>
Stresses, energy flow and energy density of gravitational nature


  Two arguments which show the validity of the concept of gravitational energy
put forward by Lorentz and Levi-Civita.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1295 </DOCNO>
Relaxation versus collision times in the cosmological radiative era


  We consider the Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi metric with an inhomogeneous
viscous fluid source satisfying the equation of state of an interactive mixture
of radiation and matter. Assuming conditions prior to the decoupling era, we
apply Extended Irreversible Thermodynamcs (EIT) to this mixture. Using the full
transport equation of EIT we show that the relaxation time of shear viscosity
can be several orders of magnitude larger than the Thomson collision time
between photons and electrons. A comparison with the ``truncated'' transport
equation for these models reveals that the latter cannot describe properly the
decoupling of matter and radiation

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168853 </DOCNO>
Separability of Two-Party Gaussian States


  We investigate the separability properties of quantum two-party Gaussian
states in the framework of the operator formalism for the density operator.
Such states arise as natural generalizations of the entangled state originally
introduced by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen. We present explicit forms of
separable and nonseparable Gaussian states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3708 </DOCNO>
Transition temperature of ferromagnetic semiconductors: a dynamical mean


  We formulate a theory of doped magnetic semiconductors such as
Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As which have attracted recent attention for their possible use
in spintronic applications. We solve the theory in the dynamical mean field
approximation to find the magnetic transition temperature $T_c$ as a function
of magnetic coupling strength $J$ and carrier density $n$. We find that $T_c$
is determined by a subtle interplay between carrier density and magnetic
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4107 </DOCNO>
Quantum-critical theory of the spin-fermion model and its application to


  We present the full analysis of the normal state of the spin-fermion model
near the antiferromagnetic instability in two dimensions. This model describes
low-energy fermions interacting with their own collective spin fluctuations,
which soften at the antiferromagnetic transition. We argue that in 2D, the
system has two typical energies - an effective spin-fermion interaction $\bar
g$ and an energy $\omega_{sf}$ below which the system behaves as a Fermi
liquid. The ratio of the two determines the dimensionless coupling constant for
spin-fermion interaction $\lambda^2 \propto {\bar g}/\omega_{sf}$. We show that
$\lambda$ scales with the spin correlation length and diverges at criticality.
This divergence implies that the conventional perturbative expansion breaks
down. We developed a novel approach to the problem - the expansion in either
the inverse number of hot spots in the Brillouin zone, or the inverse number of
fermionic flavors - which allowed us to explicitly account for all terms which
diverge as powers of $\lambda$, and treat the remaining, $O(\lambda)$ terms in
the RG formalism. We applied this technique to study the properties of the
spin-fermion model in various frequency and temperature regimes. We present the
results for the fermionic spectral function, spin susceptibility, optical
conductivity and other observables. We compare our results in detail with the
normal state data for cuprates, and argue that the spin-fermion model is
capable to explain the anomalous normal state properties of high $T_c$
materials. We also discuss the non -applicability of the conventional $\phi^4$
theory of the quantum-critical behavior in 2D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150033 </DOCNO>
Principles of a Unified Theory of Spacetime and Physical Interactions


  Principles of a new approach (binary geometrophysics) are presented to
construct the unified theory of spacetime and the familiar kinds of physical
interactions. Physically, the approach is a modified S-matrix theory involving
ideas of the multidimensional geometric models of physical interactions of
Kaluza-Klein's type as well as Fokker-Feynman's action-at-a-distance theory.
Mathematically, this is a peculiar binary geometry being described in algebraic
terms. In the present approach the binary geometry volume is a prototype of
three related notions: the S-matrix, the physical action (Lagrangian) of both
strong and electroweak interactions, and the multidimensional metric. A
transition from microworld geometrophysics to the conventional physical theory
in classical spacetime are characterized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129446 </DOCNO>
Variability and Spectra of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae


  We report spectral and variability analysis of two quiescent low mass x-ray
binaries (previously identified with ROSAT HRI as X5 and X7) in the globular
cluster 47 Tuc, from a Chandra ACIS-I observation. X5 demonstrates sharp
eclipses with an 8.666+-0.008 hr period, as well as dips showing an increased
N_H column. Their thermal spectra are well-modelled by unmagnetized hydrogen
atmospheres of hot neutron stars, most likely heated by transient accretion,
with little to no hard power law component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96332 </DOCNO>
Enumeration of lozenge tilings of hexagons with cut off corners


  Motivated by the enumeration of a class of plane partitions studied by
Proctor and by considerations about symmetry classes of plane partitions, we
consider the problem of enumerating lozenge tilings of a hexagon with ``maximal
staircases'' removed from some of its vertices. The case of one vertex
corresponds to Proctor's problem. For two vertices there are several cases to
consider, and most of them lead to nice enumeration formulas. For three or more
vertices there do not seem to exist nice product formulas in general, but in
one special situation a lot of factorization occurs, and we pose the problem of
finding a formula for the number of tilings in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95866 </DOCNO>
Schubert Calculus, Schubert Cell, Schubert Cycle, and Schubert


  We briefly describe each of the four topics: Schubert Calculus, Schubert
Cell, Schubert Cycle, and Schubert Polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1959 </DOCNO>
Large-n Critical Behavior of O(n)xO(m) Spin Models


  We consider the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson Hamiltonian with O(n)x O(m) symmetry
and compute the critical exponents at all fixed points to O(n^{-2}) and to
O(\epsilon^3) in a \epsilon=4-d expansion. We also consider the corresponding
non-linear sigma model and determine the fixed points and the critical
exponents to O(\tilde{\epsilon}^2) in the \tilde{\epsilon}=d-2 expansion. Using
these results, we draw quite general conclusions on the fixed-point structure
of models with O(n)xO(m) symmetry for n large and all 2 < d < 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96553 </DOCNO>
The Laurent phenomenon


  A composition of birational maps given by Laurent polynomials need not be
given by Laurent polynomials; however, sometimes---quite unexpectedly---it
does. We suggest a unified treatment of this phenomenon, which covers a large
class of applications. In particular, we settle in the affirmative a conjecture
of D.Gale and R.Robinson on integrality of generalized Somos sequences, and
prove the Laurent property for several multidimensional recurrences, confirming
conjectures by J.Propp, N.Elkies, and M.Kleber.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95429 </DOCNO>
Algebraic-statistical approach to quantum mechanics


  It is proposed the scheme of quantum mechanics, in which a Hilbert space and
the linear operators are not primary elements of the theory. Instead of it
certain variant of the algebraic approach is considered. The elements of
noncommutative algebra (observables) and the nonlinear functionals on this
algebra (physical states) are used as the primary constituents. The functionals
associate with results of a particular measurement. It is suggested to consider
certain ensembles of the physical states as quantum states of the standart
quantum mechanics. It is shown that in such scheme the mathematical formalism
of the standart quantum mechanics can be reproduced completely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129171 </DOCNO>
High resolution Chandra HETG and RXTE observations of GRS 1915+105 : A


  The time-averaged 30 ks Chandra HETGS observation of the micro-quasar GRS
1915+105 in the low hard state reveals for the first time in this source
neutral K absorption edges from Fe, Si, Mg, & S. Ionized resonance absorption
from H-, and He-like Fe (XXV, XXVI), Ca XX and possibly emission from neutral
Fe Kalpha and ionized Fe XXV (forbidden, or the resonance emission component of
a P-Cygni profile) are also seen. We report the tentative detection of the
first astrophysical signature of XAFS in the photoelectric edge of Si (and
possibly Fe and Mg), attributed to material in grains. The large column
densities measured from the neutral edges reveal anomalous Si and Fe
abundances. Scenarios for which the anomalous abundances can be attributed to
surrounding cold material associated with GRS 1915+105 and/or that the
enrichment may signify either a highly unusual supernova/hypernova, or external
supernova activity local to the binary are discussed. We attribute the ionized
features to a hot disk, disk-wind, or corona environment. These features allow
for constraints on the ionization parameter (log xi > 4.15), temperature (T >
2.4 x 10^6 K), and hydrogen equivalent number density (n > 10^{12} cm^{-3}) for
this region. Variability studies with simultaneous RXTE data show that the
light curve count rate tracks changes in the disk blackbody and the power-law
flux. Spectral changes in the Chandra data also track the behavior of the light
curve, and may point to changes in both the ionizing flux and density of the
absorber. A 3.69 Hz QPO and weak first harmonic is seen in the RXTE data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72644 </DOCNO>
Gauge Fields Out-Of-Equilibrium: A Gauge Invariant Formulation and the


  We study the abelian Higgs model out-of-equilibrium in two different
approaches, a gauge invariant formulation, proposed by Boyanovsky et al.
\cite{Boyanovsky:1996dc} and in the Coulomb gauge. We show that both approaches
become equivalent in a consistent one loop approximation. Furthermore, we carry
out a proper renormalization for the model in order to prepare the equations
for a numerical implementation. The additional degrees of freedom, which arise
in gauge theories, influence the behavior of the system dramatically. A
comparison with results in the 't Hooft-Feynman background gauge found by us
recently, shows very good agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95612 </DOCNO>
Some connections between Falconer's distance set conjecture, and sets of


  In this paper we investigate three unsolved conjectures in geometric
combinatorics, namely Falconer's distance set conjecture, the dimension of
Furstenburg sets, and Erdos's ring conjecture. We formulate natural
$\delta$-discretized versions of these conjectures and show that in a certain
sense that these discretized versions are equivalent. In particular, it appears
that to progress on any of these problems one must prove a quantitative
statement about the existence of sub-rings of $R$ of dimension 1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83850 </DOCNO>
Branching: the Essence of Constraint Solving


  This paper focuses on the branching process for solving any constraint
satisfaction problem (CSP). A parametrised schema is proposed that (with
suitable instantiations of the parameters) can solve CSP's on both finite and
infinite domains. The paper presents a formal specification of the schema and a
statement of a number of interesting properties that, subject to certain
conditions, are satisfied by any instances of the schema.
  It is also shown that the operational procedures of many constraint systems
including cooperative systems) satisfy these conditions.
  Moreover, the schema is also used to solve the same CSP in different ways by
means of different instantiations of its parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86062 </DOCNO>
Expanding, axisymmetric pure-radiation gravitational fields with a


  New expanding, axisymmetric pure-radiation solutions are found, exploiting
the analogy with the Euler-Darboux equation for aligned colliding plane waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76412 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal production of gravitinos and inflatinos in the Inflationary


  The success of primordial nucleosynthesis imposes stringent bounds on the
abundance of gravitational relics. This is particularly true for gravitinos,
which - for models with gravitationally mediated supersymmetry breaking - are
expected to have a mass below the TeV scale and thus to decay only after
nucleosynthesis has concluded. We discuss the nonthermal production of
gravitinos in models with several chiral fields, to be able to distinguish the
mechanisms of supersymmetry breaking and inflation. Our explicit calculations
show that the superpartner of the inflaton can be significantly generated.
Gravitinos can be produced both at the preheating stage and at the subsequent
inflaton/inflatino decay. We verify that this production is well below the
nucleosynthesis bound, provided the sector responsible for the present
supersymmetry breakdown is weakly (for example, only gravitationally) coupled
to the one which drove inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168432 </DOCNO>
Time Evolution of tunneling and decoherence: soluble model


  Decoherence effects associated to the damping of a tunneling two-level system
are shown to dominate the tunneling probability at short times in strong
coupling regimes in the context of a soluble model. A general decomposition of
tunneling rates in dissipative and unitary parts is implemented. Master
equation treatments fail to describe the model system correctly when more than
a single relaxation time is involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41356 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Higgs Boson with the L3 Experiment at LEP


  Final results of the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson are presented
for the data collected by the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies up
to about 209 GeV. These data are compared with the expectations of Standard
Model processes for Higgs boson masses up to 120 GeV. A lower limit on the mass
of the Standard Model Higgs boson of 112.0 GeV is set at the 95 % confidence
level. The most significant high mass candidate is a Hnunu event. It has a
reconstructed Higgs mass of 115 GeV and it was recorded at root(s)=206.4 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6199 </DOCNO>
Origin of the peak-dip-hump structure in the photoemission spectra of


  The famous peak-dip-hump lineshape of the (\pi,0) photoemission spectrum of
the bilayer Bi HTSC in the superconducting state is shown to be a superposition
of spectral features originating from different electronic states which reside
at different binding energies, but are each describable by essentially
identical single-particle spectral functions. The 'superconducting' peak is due
to the antibonding Cu-O-related band, while the hump is mainly formed by its
bonding counterpart, with a c-axis bilayer coupling induced splitting of about
140 meV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148061 </DOCNO>
On the spectrum of QCD(1+1) with large numbers of flavours N_F and


  QCD(1+1) in the limit of a large number of flavours N_F and a large number of
colours N_C is examined in the small N_F/N_C regime. Using perturbation theory
in N_F/N_C, stringent results for the leading behaviour of the spectrum
departing from N_F/N_C = 0 are obtained. These results provide benchmarks in
the light of which previous truncated treatments of QCD(1+1) at large N_F and
N_C are critically reconsidered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97750 </DOCNO>
A Gluing Theorem for Special Lagrangian Submanifolds


  The purpose of this paper is to prove a gluing theorem for a given special
Lagrangian submanifold of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold. The proof will be an adaption of
the gluing techniques in J-holomorphic curve theory. It is a well known
procedure in geometric analysis to construct new solutions to a given nonlinear
partial differential equation by gluing known solutions. First an approximate
solution is constructed and then using analytic methods it is perturbed to a
real solution. In this paper the gluing theorem will be used for smoothing a
singularity of a special Lagrangian submanifold. In particular, we will show
that given a special Lagrangian submanifold L of a Calabi-Yau manifold X with a
particular codimension-two self intersection K it can be approximated by a
sequence of smooth special Lagrangian submanifolds and therefore L is a limit
point in the moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123772 </DOCNO>
Precession Interpretation of the Isolated Pulsar PSR B1828-11


  Pulse timing of the isolated pulsar PSR B1882-11 shows strong Fourier power
at periods ~1000, 500 and 250 d, correlated with changes in the pulse profile
(Stairs, Lyne & Shemar 2000). We study the extent to which these data can be
explained by precession of the star's rigid crust coupled to the magnetic
dipole torque. We find that the correlated changes in the pulse duration and
spin period derivative can be explained as precession at a period of ~500 d
with a wobble angle of ~3 deg if the star's dipole moment is nearly orthogonal
to its symmetry axis. The dipole torque produces a harmonic at ~250 d.
Comparison of the predicted spin dynamics with the observed pulse durations
requires the radio beam to have a non-standard ``hour-glass'' shape. We make
predictions of variations in beam polarization and pulse profile with which to
test this interpretation. The precession interpretation of PSR B1828-11
seriously challenges the current understanding of the liquid interior of the
neutron star. In particular, if the internal liquid is in a superfluid state,
its rotational vortices cannot be significantly pinned to the crust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2473 </DOCNO>
Deterministic Annealing and Nonlinear Assignment


  For combinatorial optimization problems that can be formulated as Ising or
Potts spin systems, the Mean Field (MF) approximation yields a versatile and
simple ANN heuristic, Deterministic Annealing. For assignment problems the
situation is more complex -- the natural analog of the MF approximation lacks
the simplicity present in the Potts and Ising cases. In this article the
difficulties associated with this issue are investigated, and the options for
solving them discussed. Improvements to existing Potts-based MF-inspired
heuristics are suggested, and the possibilities for defining a proper
variational approach are scrutinized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95992 </DOCNO>
Source Coding, Large Deviations, and Approximate Pattern Matching


  We present a development of parts of rate-distortion theory and pattern-
matching algorithms for lossy data compression, centered around a lossy version
of the Asymptotic Equipartition Property (AEP). This treatment closely
parallels the corresponding development in lossless compression, a point of
view that was advanced in an important paper of Wyner and Ziv in 1989. In the
lossless case we review how the AEP underlies the analysis of the Lempel-Ziv
algorithm by viewing it as a random code and reducing it to the idealized
Shannon code. This also provides information about the redundancy of the
Lempel-Ziv algorithm and about the asymptotic behavior of several relevant
quantities. In the lossy case we give various versions of the statement of the
generalized AEP and we outline the general methodology of its proof via large
deviations. Its relationship with Barron's generalized AEP is also discussed.
The lossy AEP is applied to: (i) prove strengthened versions of Shannon's
source coding theorem and universal coding theorems; (ii) characterize the
performance of mismatched codebooks; (iii) analyze the performance of pattern-
matching algorithms for lossy compression; (iv) determine the first order
asymptotics of waiting times (with distortion) between stationary processes;
(v) characterize the best achievable rate of weighted codebooks as an optimal
sphere-covering exponent. We then present a refinement to the lossy AEP and use
it to: (i) prove second order coding theorems; (ii) characterize which sources
are easier to compress; (iii) determine the second order asymptotics of waiting
times; (iv) determine the precise asymptotic behavior of longest match-lengths.
Extensions to random fields are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99185 </DOCNO>
On Gorenstein Surfaces Dominated by P^2


  In this paper we prove that a normal Gorenstein surface dominated by the
projective plane P^2 is isomorphic to a quotient P^2/G, where G is a finite
group of automorphisms of P^2 (except possibly for one surface V_8'). We can
completely classify all such quotients. Some natural conjectures when the
surface is not Gorenstein are also stated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125890 </DOCNO>
Tidal Torques and Galactic Warps


  We investigate the tilting and warping of galactic disks in response to tidal
torquing. The strength of the torque is determined from cosmological N-body
simulations. We find the tidal torques to be dominated by substructure in the
galactic halo, such as dwarf satellites, and by a misalignment between the disk
angular momentum and the figure axes of the dark matter halo. The radial
dependence of the torque can approximated by a power law of index -2.5. A
massless disk subjected to such a torque develops a trailing warp similar to
those seen in a large number of disk galaxies, i.e. the inner regions of the
disk tilt faster than the outer disk. In the case of massive disks, self
gravity causes the inner disk to stay locally flat and only the outer regions
show the signatures of warps. The radius outside of which a massive disk is
warped depends on the local surface density of the disk and on the product of
the strength of the torque and the exposure time to this torque.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179377 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological study of hadron interaction models


  We present a phenomenological study of three models with different effective
degrees of freedom: a Goldstone Boson Exchange (GBE) model which is based on
quark-meson couplings, the quark delocalization, color screening model (QDCSM)
which is based on quark-gluon couplings with delocalized quark wavefunctions,
and the Fujiwara-Nijmegen (FN) mixed model which includes both quark-meson and
quark-gluon couplings. We find that for roughly two-thirds of 64 states
consisting of pairs of octet and decuplet baryons, the three models predict
similar effective baryon-baryon interactions. This suggests that the three very
different models, based on different effective degrees of freedom, are
nonetheless all compatible with respect to baryon spectra and baryon-baryon
interactions. We also discuss the differences between the three models and
their separate characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6571 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear atom optics and bright gap soliton generation in finite


  We theoretically investigate the transmission dynamics of coherent matter
wave pulses across finite optical lattices in both the linear and the nonlinear
regimes. The shape and the intensity of the transmitted pulse are found to
strongly depend on the parameters of the incident pulse, in particular its
velocity and density: a clear physical picture for the main features observed
in the numerical simulations is given in terms of the atomic band dispersion in
the periodic potential of the optical lattice. Signatures of nonlinear effects
due the atom-atom interaction are discussed in detail, such as atom optical
limiting and atom optical bistability. For positive scattering lengths, matter
waves propagating close to the top of the valence band are shown to be subject
to modulational instability. A new scheme for the experimental generation of
narrow bright gap solitons from a wide Bose-Einstein condensate is proposed:
the modulational instability is seeded in a controlled way starting from the
strongly modulated density profile of a standing matter wave and the solitonic
nature of the generated pulses is checked from their shape and their
collisional properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114065 </DOCNO>
Transport in a laser irradiated thin foil


  Three dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulations describing the interaction of
a short intense laser pulse with thin foils are presented. It is observed that
the laser generated electron current decays into magnetically isolated
filaments. The filaments grow in scale and magnitude by reconnection. Two
different laser wavelengths are considered. The spatial separation of the
filaments varies for the two wavelengths. Many current filaments carry net
electric currents exceeding the Alfven current considerably.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129339 </DOCNO>
The Bologna Key Project on Omega Cen


  In this contribution we schematically summarize a number of ongoing,
coordinated spectro-photometric projects devoted to the study of the stellar
population properties in Omega Cen. All of these investigations are part of a
global comprehensive project led by our team to address the complex formation
history of stars in this cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150122 </DOCNO>
Interacting Dipoles from Matrix Formulation of Noncommutative Gauge


  We study the IR behavior of noncommutative gauge theory in the matrix
formulation. We find that in this approach, the nature of the UV/IR mixing is
easily understood, which allows us to perform a reliable calculation of the
quantum effective action for the long wavelength modes of the noncommutative
gauge field. At one loop, we find that our description is weakly coupled only
in the supersymmetric theory. At two loops, we find non-trivial interaction
terms suggestive of dipole degrees of freedom. These dipoles exhibit a channel
duality reminiscent of string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149443 </DOCNO>
Anomalies from Immersions


  Two forms of anomalies for chiral spinors living on submanifolds of the
spacetime are obtained from the integrality theorem for immersions. The first
form of the chiral anomaly is the usual for chiral spinors living on D-brane
and O-plane intersections, the second form is exotic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169334 </DOCNO>
Why Quantum Theory?


  The usual formulation of quantum theory is rather abstract. In recent work I
have shown that we can, nevertheless, obtain quantum theory from five
reasonable axioms. Four of these axioms are obviously consistent with both
classical probability theory and quantum theory. The remaining axiom requires
that there exists a continuous reversible transformation between any two pure
states. The requirement of continuity rules out classical probability theory.
In this paper I will summarize the main points of this new approach. I will
leave out the details of the proof that these axioms are equivalent to the
usual formulation of quantum theory (for these see quant-ph/0101012).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97932 </DOCNO>
On the Support of Physical Measures in Gauge Theories


  It is proven that the physical measure for the two-dimensional Yang-Mills
theory is purely singular with respect to the kinematical Ashtekar-Lewandowski
measure. For this, an explicit decomposition of the gauge orbit space into
supports of these two measures is given. Finally, the results are extended to
more general (e.g. confining) theories. Such a singularity implies, in
particular, that the standard method of determining the physical measure via
``exponential of minus the action times kinematical measure'' is not
applicable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41719 </DOCNO>
An Off-Axis Neutrino Beam


  In this pedagogic note, set as problem for the reader, it is shown how the
existence of a maximum energy of a neutrino that appears at a given angle to
the direction of its parent pion leads to a useful enhancment of neutrino flux
in an off-axis beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87040 </DOCNO>
Supergravity Fluxbranes in Various Dimensions


  We investigate fluxbrane solutions to the Einstein-antisymmetric form-dilaton
theory in arbitrary space-time dimensions for a transverse space of cylindrical
topology $S^k\times R^n$, corresponding to smeared and unsmeared solutions. A
master equation for a single metric function is derived. This is a non-linear
second-order ordinary differential equation admitting an analytic solution,
singular at the origin, which serves as an attractor for globally regular
solutions, whose existence is demonstrated numerically. For all fluxbranes of
different levels of smearing the metric function diverges at infinity as the
same power of the radial coordinate except for the maximally smeared case,
where a global solution is known in closed form and can be obtained
algebraically using U-duality. The particular cases of F6 and F3 fluxbranes in
D=11 supergravity and fluxbranes in IIA, IIB supergravities are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3134 </DOCNO>
Phonon-assisted electronic topological transition in MgB2 under pressure


  We report measurements of the superconducting critical temperature Tc of
polycrystalline MgB2 samples containing isotopically pure (10)B and (11)B under
quasi-hydrostatic pressure conditions in He pressure media up to 44 GPa.
Measurements to volume compressions V/V_0 ~ 0.82 allow us to observe a kink in
the volume dependence of Tc for Mg(10)B2 (at 20 GPa) and Mg(11)B2 (at 15 GPa).
The pressure dependence of the E(2g) mode also changes abruptly around 20 GPa
for the Mg(10)B2 sample. The anharmonic character of the E(2g) phonon mode and
anomalies in Tc pressure dependence are interpreted as the result of a
phonon-assisted Lifshitz electronic topological transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113662 </DOCNO>
New stopping criteria for segmenting DNA sequences


  We propose a solution on the stopping criterion in segmenting inhomogeneous
DNA sequences with complex statistical patterns. This new stopping criterion is
based on Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) in the model selection framework.
When this stopping criterion is applied to a left telomere sequence of yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the complete genome sequence of bacterium
Escherichia coli, borders of biologically meaningful units were identified
(e.g. subtelomeric units, replication origin, and replication terminus), and a
more reasonable number of domains was obtained. We also introduce a measure
called segmentation strength which can be used to control the delineation of
large domains. The relationship between the average domain size and the
threshold of segmentation strength is determined for several genome sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 464 </DOCNO>
Calcium Rubidium Nitrate: Mode-Coupling $\beta$ Scaling without


  The fast dynamics of viscous calcium rubidium nitrate is investigated by
depolarized light scattering, neutron scattering and dielectric loss. Fast
$\beta$ relaxation evolves as in calcium potassium nitrate. The dynamic
susceptibilities can be described by the asymptotic scaling law of
mode-coupling theory with a shape parameter $\lambda = 0.79$; the temperature
dependence of the amplitudes extrapolates to $T_c\simeq 378$ K. However, the
frequencies of the minima of the three different spectroscopies never coincide,
in conflict with the factorization prediction, indicating that the true
asymptotic regime is unreachable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174667 </DOCNO>
Nuclear fission: The "onset of dissipation" from a microscopic point of


  Semi-analytical expressions are suggested for the temperature dependence of
those combinations of transport coefficients which govern the fission process.
This is based on experience with numerical calculations within the linear
response approach and the locally harmonic approximation. A reduced version of
the latter is seen to comply with Kramers' simplified picture of fission. It is
argued that for variable inertia his formula has to be generalized, as already
required by the need that for overdamped motion the inertia must not appear at
all. This situation may already occur above T=2 MeV, where the rate is
determined by the Smoluchowski equation. Consequently, comparison with
experimental results do not give information on the effective damping rate, as
often claimed, but on a special combination of local stiffnesses and the
friction coefficient calculated at the barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149538 </DOCNO>
Conformal boundary states for free bosons and fermions


  A family of conformal boundary states for a free boson on a circle is
constructed. The family contains superpositions of conventional U(1)-preserving
Neumann and Dirichlet branes, but for general parameter values the boundary
states are fundamental and preserve only the conformal symmetry. The relative
overlaps satisfy Cardy's condition, and each boundary state obeys the
factorisation constraint. It is also argued that, together with the
conventional Neumann and Dirichlet branes, these boundary states already
account for all fundamental conformal D-branes of the free boson theory. The
results can be generalised to the situation with N=1 world-sheet supersymmetry,
for which the family of boundary states interpolates between superpositions of
non-BPS branes and combinations of conventional brane anti-brane pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98588 </DOCNO>
Logarithmic fluctuations for the Internal Diffusion Limited Aggregation


  The Internal Diffusion Limited Aggregation (Internal DLA) is a growth model
on an infinite set, associated to a random walk on this set. It was introduced
by Diaconis and Fulton in 1991. Lawler, Bramson, and Griffeath (1992) studied
this model for the simple random walk on $Z^d$. They proved that the limiting
shape of the cluster generated by this model is the trace of the Euclidean
balls. Later (1995), Lawler gave bounds of order $n^{1/3}$ (with logarithmic
corrections) on the fluctuations around this limiting shape. Here, we prove
that the fluctuations are at most logarithmic, using an induction based on
Lawler's proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179186 </DOCNO>
Wobbling Motion in the multi-bands crossing region: dynamical coupling


  We analyze a mechanism of coupling of high- and low-$K$ bands in terms of a
dynamical treatment for nuclear rotations, i.e.,wobbling motion. The wobbling
states are produced through the generator coordinate method after angular
momentum projection ({\it GCM-after-AMP}), in which the intrinsic states are
constructed through fully self-consistent calculations by the 2d-cranked (or
tilted-axis-cranked) HFB method . In particular, the phenomena of ``signature
inversion'' and ``signature splitting'' in the t-band (tilted rotational band)
are explained in terms of the wobbling model. % Our calculations will be
compared with new data for in-band E2 transition rates in $^{182}$Os, which may
shed light on the mechanism of the anomalous K=25 isomer decay, directly to the
yrast band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 612 </DOCNO>
Porous silicon formation and electropolishing


  Electrochemical etching of silicon in hydrofluoride containing electrolytes
leads to pore formation for low and to electropolishing for high applied
current. The transition between pore formation and polishing is accompanied by
a change of the valence of the electrochemical dissolution reaction. The local
etching rate at the interface between the semiconductor and the electrolyte is
determined by the local current density. We model the transport of reactants
and reaction products and thus the current density in both, the semiconductor
and the electrolyte. Basic features of the chemical reaction at the interface
are summarized in law of mass action type boundary conditions for the transport
equations at the interface. We investigate the linear stability of a planar and
flat interface. Upon increasing the current density the stability flips either
through a change of the valence of the dissolution reaction or by a nonlinear
boundary conditions at the interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179217 </DOCNO>
The Ay Problem for p-3He Elastic Scattering


  We present evidence that numerically accurate quantum calculations employing
modern internucleon forces do not reproduce the proton analyzing power, A_y,
for p-3He elastic scattering at low energies. These calculations underpredict
new measured analyzing powers by approximately 30% at E_{c.m.} = 1.20 MeV and
by 40% at E_{c.m.} = 1.69 MeV, an effect analogous to a well-known problem in
p-d and n-d scattering. The calculations are performed using the complex Kohn
variational principle and the (correlated) Hyperspherical Harmonics technique
with full treatment of the Coulomb force. The inclusion of the three-nucleon
interaction does not improve the agreement with the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5990 </DOCNO>
Ruthenocuprates RuSr2(Eu,Ce)2Cu2O10: Intrinsic magnetic multilayers


  We report ac susceptibility data on RuSr_2(Eu,Ce)_2Cu_2O_(10-y) (Ru-1222, Ce
content x=0.5 and 1.0), RuSr_2GdCu_2O_8 (Ru-1212) and SrRuO_3. Both Ru-1222
(x=0.5, 1.0) sample types exhibit unexpected magnetic dynamics in low magnetic
fields: logarithmic time relaxation, switching behavior, and `inverted'
hysteresis loops. Neither Ru-1212 nor SrRuO_3 exhibit such magnetic dynamics.
The results are interpreted as evidence of the complex magnetic order in
Ru-1222. We propose a specific multilayer model to explain the data, and note
that superconductivity in the ruthenocuprate is compatible with both the
presence and absence of the magnetic dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114320 </DOCNO>
Damping of transversal plasma-electron oscillations and waves in


  Previously developed method for finding asymptotic solutions of Vlasov
equations using two-dimensional (in coordinate x and time t) Laplace transform
is here applied to consider transversal oscillations and waves in low-collision
quasi-neutral (n_i \simeq n_e) Maxwellian electron-ion plasmas. We obtain two
branches of electron waves: the ubiquitous one of high-frequency and
high-velocity oscillations and the unusual low-velocity one. Taking into
account Coulomb collisions in the limit m_e << m_i, \bar{v_i} << \bar{v_e}, and
T_e m_e << T_i m_i results in expressions for transversal plasma-electron
oscillation/wave decrements with a damping of the low-velocity electron branch
\sim n_i^{1/3}/\bar{v}_e^{4/3}, where n_i is the ion density and \bar{v}_e is
the mean electron velocity. It ought to rehabilitate Vlasov principal value
prescription for relevant integrals, but to supplement it with representation
of an asymptotical solution as a sum of exponents (not a single one).
"Non-damping" kinematical waves in low-collision plasma transform in the
damping ones at reasonably chosen iteration process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2982 </DOCNO>
High transport critical current density above 30 K in pure Fe-clad MgB2


  Fe-clad MgB2 long tapes have been fabricated using a powder-in-tube
technique. An Mg + 2B mixture was used as the central conductor core and
reacted in-situ to form MgB2. The tapes were sintered in pure Ar at 800 ^(o) C
for 1 h at ambient pressure. SEM shows a highly dense core with a large grain
size of 100 micron. The Fe clad tape shows a sharp transition with transition
width of 0.2 K and Tc0 at 37.5 K. We have achieved the highest transport
critical current reported so far at 1.6 times 10^(4) A/cm^2 for both 29.5 K in
1 Tesla and 33 K in null field. R-T and critical current were also measured for
fields perpendicular and parallel to the tape plane. The iron cladding shielded
on the core from the applied external field, with the shielding being less
effective for the field in the tape plane. Fe cladding may be advantageous for
some applications as it could reduce the effects of both the self-field and
external fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2221 </DOCNO>
Spinor Bosonic Atoms in Optical Lattices: Symmetry Breaking and


  We study superfluid and Mott insulator phases of cold spin-1 Bose atoms with
antiferromagnetic interactions in an optical lattice, including a usual polar
condensate phase, a condensate of singlet pairs, a crystal spin nematic phase,
and a spin singlet crystal phase. We suggest a possibility of exotic
fractionalized phases of spinor BEC and discuss them in the language of
topological defect condensation and $Z_2$ lattice gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73735 </DOCNO>
High energy behaviour of gamma gamma to f f(bar) processes in SM and


  We compute the leading logarithms electroweak contributions to gamma gamma to
f f(bar) processes in SM and MSSM. Several interesting properties are pointed
out, such as the importance of the angular dependent terms, of the Yukawa
terms, and especially of the $\tan^2\beta$ dependence in the SUSY
contributions. These properties are complementary to those found in e+e- to f
f(bar). These radiative correction effects should be largely observable at
future high energy gamma gamma colliders. Polarized beams would bring
interesting checks of the structure of the one loop corrections. We finally
discuss the need for two-loop calculations and resummation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124258 </DOCNO>
High Energy Large Area Surveys: from BeppoSAX to Chandra and XMM


  Optical identification of hard X-ray selected BeppoSAX and Chandra sources
indicates that a large fraction of the sources are ``intermediate'' AGN, i.e.
type 1.8-1.9 AGN, broad-line quasars and even X-ray loud but optically dull
(apparently normal) galaxies, all obscured in X-rays by columns of the order of
logNH=22-23.5 cm-2. Because of this obscuring matter, these sources are more
difficult to detect or select at other wavelengths, implying that a fraction of
the accretion power in the Universe may have been missed so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98191 </DOCNO>
Ricci defects of microlocalized Einstein metrics


  This is the third and last in our series of papers concerning rough solutions
of the Einstein vacuum equations expressed relative to wave coordinates. In
this paper we prove an important result concerning Ricci defects of
microlocalized solutions, stated and used in the proof of the crucial
Asymptotics Theorem in our second paper "The causal structure of the
microlocalized rough Einstein metrics"

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125042 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Models of Polarized Dust Emission from Protostellar Cores


  We model the polarized thermal dust emission from protostellar cores that are
assembled by super-sonic turbulent flows in molecular clouds. Self-gravitating
cores are selected from a three dimensional simulation of super-sonic and
super-Alfvenic magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. The polarization is
computed in two ways. In model A it is assumed that dust properties and grain
alignment efficiency are uniform; in model B it is assumed that grains are not
aligned at visual extinction larger than 3 mag. The main results of this work
are: i) Values of the degree of polarization P between 1 and 10% are typical,
despite the super-Alfvenic nature of the turbulence; ii) A steep decrease of P
with increasing values of the sub-mm dust continuum intensity I is always found
in self--gravitating cores selected from the MHD simulations, if grains are not
aligned above a certain value of visual extinction (model B); iii) The same
behavior is hard to reproduce if grains are aligned independently of visual
extinction (model A); iv) The Chandrasekhar-Fermi formula, corrected by a
factor f=0.4, provides an approximate estimate of the average magnetic field
strength in the cores. Sub-mm dust continuum polarization maps of quiescent
protostellar cores and Bok globules always show a decrease in P with increasing
value of I consistent with the predictions of our model B. We therefore
conclude that sub-mm polarization maps of quiescent cores do not map the
magnetic field inside the cores at visual extinction larger than approximately
3 mag. There is no inconsistency between the results from optical and near-IR
polarized absorption of background stars, and the observed polarization of
sub-mm dust continuum from quiescent cores. In both cases, grains at large
visual extinction appear to be virtually unaligned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96707 </DOCNO>
Regular homotopy classes of immersions of 3-manifolds into 5-space


  We give geometric formulae which enable us to detect (completely in some
cases) the regular homotopy class of an immersion with trivial normal bundle of
a closed oriented 3-manifold into 5-space. These are analogues of the geometric
formulae for the Smale invariants due to Ekholm and the second author. As a
corollary, we show that two embeddings into 5-space of a closed oriented
3-manifold with no 2-torsion in the second cohomology are regularly homotopic
if and only if they have Seifert surfaces with the same signature. We also show
that there exist two embeddings $F_0$ and $F_8 : T^3 \hookrightarrow {\bf R}^5$
of the 3-torus $T^3$ with the following properties: (1) $F_0 \sharp h$ is
regularly homotopic to $F_8$ for some immersion $h : S^3 \looparrowright {\bf
R}^5$, and (2) the immersion $h$ as above cannot be chosen from a regular
homotopy class containing an embedding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84078 </DOCNO>
Systolic and Hyper-Systolic Algorithms for the Gravitational N-Body


  A systolic algorithm rhythmically computes and passes data through a network
of processors. We investigate the performance of systolic algorithms for
implementing the gravitational N-body problem on distributed-memory computers.
Systolic algorithms minimize memory requirements by distributing the particles
between processors. We show that the performance of systolic routines can be
greatly enhanced by the use of non-blocking communication, which allows
particle coordinates to be communicated at the same time that force
calculations are being carried out. Hyper-systolic algorithms reduce the
communication complexity at the expense of increased memory demands. As an
example of an application requiring large N, we use the systolic algorithm to
carry out direct-summation simulations using 10^6 particles of the Brownian
motion of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy. We
predict a 3D random velocity of 0.4 km/s for the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98273 </DOCNO>
Small Prime Powers in the Fibonacci Sequence


  It is shown that there are no non-trivial fifth-, seventh-, eleventh-,
thirteenth- or seventeenth powers in the Fibonacci sequence.
  For eleventh, thirteenth- and seventeenth powers an alternative (to the usual
exhaustive check of products of powers of fundamental units) method is used to
overcome the problem of having a large number of independent units and
relatively high bounds on their exponents.
  It is envisaged that the same method can be used to decide the question of
the existence of higher small prime powers in the Fibonacci sequence and that
the method can be applied to other binary recurrence sequences. The alternative
method mentioned may have wider applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96321 </DOCNO>
Generic ideals and Moreno-Soc{\'\i}as conjecture


  Let $f_1, ..., f_n$ be homogeneous polynomials generating a generic ideal $I$
in the ring of polynomials in $n$ variables over an infinite field.
Moreno-Soc\'ias conjectured that for the graded reverse lexicographic term
ordering, the initial ideal ${\rm in}(I)$ is a weakly reverse lexicographic
ideal. This paper contains a new proof of Moreno-Soc{\'\i}as' conjecture for
the case $n=2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6924 </DOCNO>
Orientational and Translational Hopping in Supercooled Liquids and


  Orientational relaxation (OR) in a viscous, glassy liquid is investigated by
carrying out extensive NPT molecular dynamics simulations of isolated
ellipsoids in a glass forming binary mixture.
 Near the glass transition, the OR occurs mainly via hopping involving either a
ring- or a tunnel like motion, with the participation of several neighboring
atoms. In the glassy state, hopping is found to be accompanied by larger
fluctuations in the total energy and the volume of the system. Both
orientational and translational hopping are found to be {\it gated}, restricted
primarily by the entropic bottlenecks, with orientation becoming increasingly
slower than translation as the pressure is increased. OR is heterogeneous, with
a wide distribution of decay times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6888 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic theories of dissipation: Why and when do we need them?


  We illustrate and emphasize the relevance of hyperbolic theories of
dissipation in different physical scenarios. Particular attention is paid to
self-gravitating systems where the relaxation time may become large enough as
to require a description of the transient regime. It is argued that even
outside that regime, hyperbolic theories may be needed to provide an accurate
description of dissipative processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125025 </DOCNO>
Large Scale Diffuse X-ray Emission from the Large Magellanic Cloud


  X-ray mosaics of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) taken with the ROSAT
Position Sensitive Proportional Counter (PSPC) have revealed extensive diffuse
X-ray emission, indicative of hot >= 10^6 K gas associated with this irregular
galaxy on scales from ~10 pc to >= 1000 pc. We have selected regions of
large-scale (d >= 600 pc) diffuse X-ray emission, such as supergiant shells,
the LMC Spur, and the LMC Bar, and examined the physical conditions of the hot
gas associated with them. We find that for these objects the plasma
temperatures range from kT ~0.15 - 0.60 keV and the derived electron densities
range from n_e ~0.005 - 0.03 cm^-3. Furthermore, we have examined the fraction
of diffuse X-ray emission from the LMC and compared it to the total X-ray
emission. We find that discrete sources such as X-ray binaries and supernova
remnants (SNRs) account for ~41% and ~21% of the X-ray emission from the LMC,
respectively. In contrast, diffuse X-ray emission from the field and from
supergiant shells account for ~30% and ~6% of the total X-ray emission,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97981 </DOCNO>
Elementary equivalence versus Isomorphism


  How does the first order language of fields encode birational invariants of
varieties?... This question is related to rational points on varieties and
effectiveness in algebraic/arithmetic geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174832 </DOCNO>
Surface diffuseness anomaly in heavy-ion fusion potentials


  Recent high precision experimental data for heavy-ion fusion cross sections
at energies in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier systematically show that a
strikingly large surface diffuseness parameter for a Woods-Saxon potential is
required in order to fit the data. We discuss possible origins for this
anomaly, including the effects of dissipation and the sensitivity of fusion
cross sections to the choice of inter-nuclear potential. Our study suggests
that the frozen density approximation, which is often used in analyses of
heavy-ion reactions, may have to be re-examined for heavy-ion fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76054 </DOCNO>
Momentum Transfer Dependence of the Differential Cross Section for


  We discuss the $t$ dependence of
 $J/\psi$ production in the region of $0< -t < M^2_{\psi}$. The forward slope
of the elastic differential cross section is calculated assuming a dipole-type
dependence for the gluon ladder-proton form factor. The $t$ dependence of
$d\sigma/dt$ is obtained using DGLAP evolution both for the elastic channel at
low $-t$ and for the inelastic channel at large values of $-t$, up to $-t\simeq
M^2_{\psi}$. Results are presented and compared with the relevant experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74418 </DOCNO>
Towards mapping the proton unintegrated gluon distribution in dijets


  It is discussed how the dijet azimuthal correlations in DIS and real
photoproduction at HERA probe the unintegrated gluon distribution in the
proton. The correlation function shows a strong dependence on kinematical
variables. We discuss a possible interplay of perturbative and nonperturbative
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114051 </DOCNO>
Modification of special relativity and local structures of gravity-free


  Besides two fundamental postulates, (i) the principle of relativity and (ii)
the constancy of the speed of light in all inertial frames of reference,
special relativity uses the assumption about the Euclidean structures of
gravity-free space and time in the usual inertial coordinate system.
Introducing the so-called primed inertial coordinate system, in addition to the
usual inertial coordinate system, for each inertial frame of reference, we
assume the Euclidean structures of gravity-free space and time in the primed
inertial coordinate system and their generalized Finslerian structures in the
usual inertial coordinate system. We combine this assumption with the two
postulates (i) and (ii) to modify special relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148954 </DOCNO>
On non-abelian structures in open string field theory


  Multi-brane backgrounds are studied in the framework of the background
independent open string field theory. A simple description of the non-abelian
degrees of freedom is given. Algebra of the differential operators acting on
the space of functions on the space-time provides a natural tool for the
discussion of this phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5396 </DOCNO>
Catalytic CO Oxidation on Nanoscale Pt Facets: Effect of Inter-Facet CO


  We present lattice-gas modeling of the steady-state behavior in CO oxidation
on the facets of nanoscale metal clusters, with coupling via inter-facet CO
diffusion. The model incorporates the key aspects of reaction process, such as
rapid CO mobility within each facet, and strong nearest-neighbor repulsion
between adsorbed O. The former justifies our use a "hybrid" simulation approach
treating the CO coverage as a mean-field parameter. For an isolated facet,
there is one bistable region where the system can exist in either a reactive
state (with high oxygen coverage) or a (nearly CO-poisoned) inactive state.
Diffusion between two facets is shown to induce complex multistability in the
steady states of the system. The bifurcation diagram exhibits two regions with
bistabilities due to the difference between adsorption properties of the
facets. We explore the role of enhanced fluctuations in the proximity of a cusp
bifurcation point associated with one facet in producing transitions between
stable states on that facet, as well as their influence on fluctuations on the
other facet. The results are expected to shed more light on the reaction
kinetics for supported catalysts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75111 </DOCNO>
On the glueball spectrum in O(a)-improved lattice QCD


  We calculate the light `glueball' mass spectrum in N_f=2 lattice QCD using a
fermion action that is non-perturbatively O(a) improved. We work at lattice
spacings a ~0.1 fm and with quark masses that range down to about half the
strange quark mass. We find the statistical errors to be moderate and under
control on relatively small ensembles. We compare our mass spectrum to that of
quenched QCD at the same value of a. Whilst the tensor mass is the same (within
errors), the scalar mass is significantly smaller in the dynamical lattice
theory, by a factor of ~(0.84 +/- 0.03). We discuss what the observed m_q
dependence of this suppression tells us about the dynamics of glueballs in QCD.
We also calculate the masses of flux tubes that wind around the spatial torus,
and extract the string tension from these. As we decrease the quark mass we see
a small but growing vacuum expectation value for the corresponding flux tube
operators. This provides clear evidence for `string breaking' and for the
(expected) breaking of the associated gauge centre symmetry by sea quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126804 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Deconstruction: Clues from Globular Clusters


  The present-day globular cluster populations of galaxies reflect the
cumulative effects of billions of years of galaxy evolution via such processes
as mergers, tidal stripping, accretion, and in some cases the partial or even
complete destruction of other galaxies. If large galaxies have grown by
consuming their smaller neighbors, or by accreting material stripped from other
galaxies, then their observed globular cluster systems are an amalgamation of
the globular cluster systems of their progenitors. Careful analysis of the
globular cluster populations of galaxies can thus allow astronomers to
reconstruct their dynamical histories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7445 </DOCNO>
Bosonisation as the Hubbard-Stratonovich Transformation


  The purpose of this Lecture is to demonstrate how the well-known results on
Luttinger Liquid can be obtained with the use of the coherent state integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72620 </DOCNO>
Potential Models for Radiative Rare B Decays


  We compute the branching ratios for the radiative rare decays of B into
K-Meson states and compare them to the experimentally determined branching
ratio for inclusive decay b -> s gamma using non relativistic quark model, and
form factor definitions consistent with HQET covariant trace formalism. Such
calculations necessarily involve a potential model. In order to test the
sensitivity of calculations to potential models we have used three different
potentials, namely linear potential, screening confining potential and heavy
quark potential as it stands in QCD.We find the branching ratios relative to
the inclusive b ->s gamma decay to be (16.07\pm 5.2)% for B -> K^* (892)gamma
and (7.25\pm 3.2)% for B -> K_2^* (1430)gamma for linear potential. In the case
of the screening confining potential these values are (19.75\pm 5.3)% and
(4.74\pm 1.2)% while those for the heavy quark potential are (11.18\pm 4.6)%
and (5.09\pm 2.7)% respectively. All these values are consistent with the
corresponding present CLEO experimental values: (16.25\pm 1.21)% and (5.93\pm
0.46)%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3878 </DOCNO>
Random-cluster multi-histogram sampling for the q-state Potts model


  Using the random-cluster representation of the $q$-state Potts models we
consider the pooling of data from cluster-update Monte Carlo simulations for
different thermal couplings $K$ and number of states per spin $q$. Proper
combination of histograms allows for the evaluation of thermal averages in a
broad range of $K$ and $q$ values, including non-integer values of $q$. Due to
restrictions in the sampling process proper normalization of the combined
histogram data is non-trivial. We discuss the different possibilities and
analyze their respective ranges of applicability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76244 </DOCNO>
The Eventual Quintessential Big Collapse of the Closed Universe with the


  Whether our universe with present day acceleration can eventually collapse is
very interesting problem. We are also interesting in such problems, whether the
universe is closed? Why it is so flat? How long to expend a period for a cycle
of the universe? In this paper a simple ``slow-fast'' type of the quintessence
potential is designed for the closed universe to realize the present
acceleration of our universe and its eventual big collapse. A detail numerical
simulation of the universe evolution demonstrates that it divides the seven
stages, a very rich story. It is unexpected that the quintessential kinetic
energy is dominated in the shrink stage of the universe with very rapid
velocity of the energy increasing. A complete analytic analysis is given for
each stage. Some very interesting new problems brought by this collapse are
discussed. Therefore our model avoids naturally the future event horizon
problem of the present accelerative expanding universe and maybe realize the
infinite cycles of the universe, which supplies a mechanism to use naturally
the anthropic principle. This paper shows that the understanding on the essence
of the cosmological constant should contain a richer content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127741 </DOCNO>
Gravitational tidal effects on galactic open clusters


  We have investigated the 2-D stellar distribution in the outer parts of three
nearby open clusters: NGC 2287 (=M41), NGC 2516, and NGC 2548 (=M48).
Wide-field star counts have been performed in two colours on pairs of digitized
ESO and SRC Schmidt plates, allowing us to select likely cluster members in the
colour-magnitude diagrams. Cluster tidal extensions were emphasized using a
wavelet transform. Taking into account observational biases, namely the galaxy
clustering and differential extinction in the Galaxy, we have associated these
stellar overdensities with real open cluster structures stretched by the
galactic gravitational field. As predicted by theory and simulations, and
despite observational limitations, we detected a general elongated (prolate)
shape in a direction parallel to the galactic Plane, combined with tidal tails
extended perpendicularly to it. This geometry is due both to the static
galactic tidal field and the heating up of the stellar system when crossing the
Disk. The time varying tidal field will deeply affect the cluster dynamical
evolution, and we emphasize the importance of adiabatic heating during the
Disk-shocking. In the case of NGC 2548, our dating of the last shocking with
the Plane (based on a tidal clump) is consistent with its velocity. During the
10-20 Z-oscillations experienced by a cluster before its dissolution in the
Galaxy, crossings through the galactic Disk contribute to at least 15% of the
total mass loss. Using recent age estimations published for open clusters, we
find a destruction time-scale of about 600 Myr for clusters in the solar
neighbourhood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86931 </DOCNO>
Addendum: Hawking Radiation of Photons in a Variable-mass Kerr Black


  Hawking evaporation of photons in a variable-mass Kerr space-time is
investigated by using a method of the generalized tortoise coordinate
transformation. The blackbody radiant spectrum of photons displays a new
spin-rotation coupling effect obviously dependent on different helicity states
of photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127786 </DOCNO>
Observations of Galaxies with Chandra


  This talk discusses the growing impact of Chandra observations on the
study of galaxies. In particular, we address progress in the study of X-ray
source populations in diverse galaxies and in the study of the hot ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125032 </DOCNO>
Testing dark matter with high-redshift supernovae


  Dark matter in the Universe consisting of macroscopic objects such as
primordial black holes may cause gravitational lensing of distant objects. The
magnification associated with lensing will lead to additional scatter in the
received flux from standard candles, and too small an observed scatter could
rule out compact dark matter entirely. In this letter, we show how the scatter
in fluxes of distant Type 1a supernovae could be used to distinguish between
models with and without lensing by macroscopic dark matter. The proposed SNAP
project, with $\sim 2400$ supernovae in the range $0.1\ls z\ls 1.7$, should be
able to identify models at 99.9% confidence, if systematic errors are
controlled. Note that this test is independent of any evolution of the mean
supernova luminosity with redshift. The variances of the current Supernova
Cosmology Project sample do not rule out compact lenses as dark matter:
formally they favour such a population, but the significance is low, and
removal of a single faint supernova from the sample reverses the conclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74622 </DOCNO>
Tachyonic Instability and Dynamics of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking


  Spontaneous symmetry breaking usually occurs due to the tachyonic (spinodal)
instability of a scalar field near the top of its effective potential at $\phi
= 0$. Naively, one might expect the field $\phi$ to fall from the top of the
effective potential and then experience a long stage of oscillations with
amplitude O(v) near the minimum of the effective potential at $\phi = v$ until
it gives its energy to particles produced during these oscillations. However,
it was recently found that the tachyonic instability rapidly converts most of
the potential energy V(0) into the energy of colliding classical waves of the
scalar field. This conversion, which was called "tachyonic preheating," is so
efficient that symmetry breaking typically completes within a single
oscillation of the field distribution as it rolls towards the minimum of its
effective potential. In this paper we give a detailed description of tachyonic
preheating and show that the dynamics of this process crucially depend on the
shape of the effective potential near its maximum. In the simplest models where
$V(\phi) \sim -m^2\phi^2$ near the maximum, the process occurs solely due to
the tachyonic instability, whereas in the theories $-\lambda\phi^n$ with n > 2
one encounters a combination of the effects of tunneling, tachyonic instability
and bubble wall collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150045 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Superstrings IV, The Cosmological Constant and Modular Forms


  The slice-independent gauge-fixed superstring chiral measure in genus 2
derived in the earlier papers of this series for each spin structure is
evaluated explicitly in terms of theta-constants. The slice-independence allows
an arbitrary choice of superghost insertion points q_1, q_2 in the explicit
evaluation, and the most effective one turns out to be the split gauge defined
by S_{\delta}(q_1,q_2)=0. This results in expressions involving bilinear
theta-constants M. The final formula in terms of only theta-constants follows
from new identities between M and theta-constants which may be interesting in
their own right. The action of the modular group Sp(4,Z) is worked out
explicitly for the contribution of each spin structure to the superstring
chiral measure. It is found that there is a unique choice of relative phases
which insures the modular invariance of the full chiral superstring measure,
and hence a unique way of implementing the GSO projection for even spin
structure. The resulting cosmological constant vanishes, not by a Riemann
identity, but rather by the genus 2 identity expressing any modular form of
weight 8 as the square of a modular form of weight 4. The degeneration limits
for the contribution of each spin structure are determined, and the
divergences, before the GSO projection, are found to be the ones expected on
physical grounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6329 </DOCNO>
Kinetically driven glassy transition in an exactly solvable toy model


  We propose a toy model with reversible mode coupling mechanism and with
trivial Hamiltonian (and hence trivial statics). The model can be analyzed
exactly without relying upon uncontrolled approximation such as the
factorization approximation employed in the current MCT. We show that the model
exhibits a kinetically driven transition from an ergodic phase to nonergodic
phase. The nonergodic state is the nonequilibrium stationary solution of the
Fokker-Planck equation for the distribution function of the model

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127029 </DOCNO>
Cosmic-Ray Rejection by Laplacian Edge Detection


  Conventional algorithms for rejecting cosmic-rays in single CCD exposures
rely on the contrast between cosmic-rays and their surroundings, and may
produce erroneous results if the Point Spread Function (PSF) is smaller than
the largest cosmic-rays. This paper describes a robust algorithm for cosmic-ray
rejection, based on a variation of Laplacian edge detection. The algorithm
identifies cosmic-rays of arbitrary shapes and sizes by the sharpness of their
edges, and reliably discriminates between poorly sampled point sources and
cosmic-rays. Examples of its performance are given for spectroscopic and
imaging data, including HST WFPC2 images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75624 </DOCNO>
A gluonic mechanism for B --> D eta'


  We present a calculation of the process B --> D eta' within a heavy-light
chiral quark model. We assume that the eta' has a large gluonic component, and
its coupling is described via the glue-glue-eta' effective vertex. The main
contribution comes from the non-factorizable part of the effective weak
Lagrangian at quark level. We find, within our model-dependent assumptions, a
branching ratio Br(B --> D eta') = (1.7 -- 3.3) 10^(-4), somewhat below the
experimental upper bound 9.4 10^(-4).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6942 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall Liquid Crystals


  In this report we summarize a recent progress in exploration of correlated
two-dimensional electron states in partially filled high Landau levels. At a
mean-field Hartree-Fock level they can be described as charge-density waves,
either unidirectional (stripes) or with the symmetry of the triangular lattice
(bubbles). Thermal and quantum fluctuations have a profound effect on the
stripe density wave and give rise to novel phases, which are quite similar to
smectic and nematic liquid crystals. We discuss the effective theories for
these phases, their collective modes, and phase transitions between them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149369 </DOCNO>
CP^n, or, entanglement illustrated


  We show that many topological and geometrical properties of complex
projective space can be understood just by looking at a suitably constructed
picture. The idea is to view CP^n as a set of flat tori parametrized by the
positive octant of a round sphere. We pay particular attention to submanifolds
of constant entanglement in CP^3 and give a few new results concerning them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5111 </DOCNO>
Cooper-pair coherence in a superfluid Fermi-gas of atoms


  We study the coherence properties of a trapped two-component gas of fermionic
atoms below the BCS critical temperature. We propose an optical method to
investigate the Cooper-pair coherence across different regions of the
superfluid. Near-resonant laser light is used to induce transitions between the
two coupled hyperfine states. The beam is split so that it probes two spatially
separate regions of the gas. Absorption of the light in this interferometric
scheme depends on the Cooper-pair coherence between the two regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81383 </DOCNO>
Numerical Quantum Field Theory on the Continuum and a New Look at


  The Source Galerkin method finds approximate solutions to the functional
differential equations of field theories in the presence of external sources.
While developing this process, it was recognized that approximations of the
spectral representations of the Green's functions by Sinc function expansions
are an extremely powerful calculative tool. Specifically, this understanding
makes it not only possible to apply the Source Galerkin method to higher
dimensional field theories, but also leads to a new approach to perturbation
theory calculations in scalar and fermionic field theories. This report
summarizes the methodologies for solving quantum field theories with the Source
Galerkin method and for performing perturbation theory calculations using Sinc
approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127650 </DOCNO>
The Metallicity of the Local IGM from the HST/STIS Spectrum of 3C273


  We present a preliminary study of the metallicity of low-redshift Lyman alpha
absorbers from the HST/STIS spectrum of 3C273. Using a pixel-based
shift-and-coadd technique, we compare observations to carefully-constructed
mock quasar spectra from a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation. We place an
upper limit of [C/H]<-1.5 at >90% confidence using two Ly-alpha absorbers with
N_HI>10^14 cm^-2, from the fact that we see little absorption near the expected
CIV positions, whereas the artificial spectra predict significant absorption.
We assume a Haardt & Madau (quasar-based) ionizing background spectrum, but a
softer spectrum results in a stronger constraint on the metallicity. With only
two absorbers and various modeling uncertainties, it is too early to make a
definitive determination of the diffuse IGM metallicity, but upcoming
observations should improve constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 492 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Fluctuations Of Orbital Magnetic Response In Level-Quantized


  We evaluate the distribution function of mesoscopic fluctuations of orbital
magnetic response in finite-size level-quantized metal particles and
Aharonov-Bohm rings for temperatures smaller than the mean level spacing. We
find a broad distribution with the reduced moments much larger than the mean.
For strong spin-orbit interaction we find very long tails due to thermal
activation of large effective moments of the electrons at the Fermi level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4267 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear coupling between scissors modes of a Bose-Einstein condensate


  We explore the nonlinear coupling of the three scissors modes of an
anisotropic Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that only when the frequency of
one of the scissors modes is twice the frequency of another scissors mode,
these two modes can be resonantly coupled and a down conversion can occur. We
perform the calculation variationally using a gaussian trial wave function.
This enables us to obtain simple analytical results that describe the
oscillation and resonance behaviour of the two coupled modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148459 </DOCNO>
Superbranes and Super Born-Infeld Theories from Nonlinear Realizations


  We describe, on a few instructive examples, a systematic way of deducing the
superfield equations of motion of superbranes in the approach of partial
breaking of global supersymmetry (PBGS) from the nonlinear-realizations
formalism. For D-branes these equations simultaneously represent the
appropriate supersymmetric Born-Infeld theories. We also discuss how to
construct an off-shell superfield action for the $N=2, d=4$ Dirac-Born-Infeld
theory corresponding to the partial supersymmetry breaking $N=4 \to N=2$ in
$d=4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98640 </DOCNO>
A short simplicial h-vector and the upper bound theorem


  We verify the Upper Bound Conjecture (UBC) for a class of odd-dimensional
simplicial complexes that in particular includes all Eulerian simplicial
complexes with isolated singularities. The proof relies on a new invariant of
simplicial complexes -- a short simplicial h-vector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98095 </DOCNO>
Complementarity of representations in quantum mechanics


  We show that Bohr's principle of complementarity between position and
momentum descriptions can be formulated rigorously as a claim about the
existence of representations of the CCRs. In particular, in any representation
where the position operator has eigenstates, there is no momentum operator, and
vice versa. Equivalently, if there are nonzero projections corresponding to
sharp position values, all spectral projections of the momentum operator map
onto the zero element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4351 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous d-wave superconducting state of a doped Mott insulator


  Recent scanning tunneling microscope (STM) measurements discovered remarkable
electronic inhomogeneity, i.e. nano-scale spatial variations of the local
density of states (LDOS) and the superconducting energy gap, in the high-Tc
superconductor BSCCO. Based on the experimental findings we conjectured that
the inhomogeneity arises from variations in local oxygen doping level and may
be generic of doped Mott insulators which behave rather unconventionally in
screening the dopant ionic potentials at atomic scales comparable to the short
coherence length. Here, we provide theoretical support for this picture. We
study a doped Mott insulator within a generalized t-J model, where doping is
accompanied by ionic Coulomb potentials centered in the BiO plane. We calculate
the LDOS spectrum, the integrated LDOS, and the local superconducting gap, make
detailed comparisons to experiments, and find remarkable agreement with the
experimental data. We emphasize the unconventional screening in a doped Mott
insulator and show that nonlinear screening dominates at nano-meter scales
which is the origin of the electronic inhomogeneity. It leads to strong
inhomogeneous redistribution of the local hole density and promotes the notion
of a local doping concentration. We find that the inhomogeneity structure
manifests itself at all energy scales in the STM tunneling differential
conductance, and elucidate the similarity and the differences between the data
obtained in the constant tunneling current mode and the same data normalized to
reflect constant tip-to-sample distance. We also discuss the underdoped case
where nonlinear screening of the ionic potential turns the spatial electronic
structure into a percolative mixture of patches with smaller pairing gaps
embedded in a background with larger gaps to single particle excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168889 </DOCNO>
Comments on some recently proposed experiments that should distinguish


  Recently Ghose (quant-ph/0001024,quant-ph/0003037,quant-ph/0103126) and
Golshani and Akhavan (quant-ph/0009040,quant-ph/0103100,quant-ph/0103101)
claimed to have found experiments that should be able to distinguish between
Standard Quantum Mechanics and Bohmian Mechanics. It is our aim to show that
the claims made by Ghose, Golshani and Akhavan are unfounded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5824 </DOCNO>
Exactly Solvable Model Glass with a Facilitated Dynamics


  A model glass with fast and slow processes is studied. The statics is simple
and the facilitated slow dynamics is exactly solvable. The main features of a
fragile glass take place: Kauzmann transition, Vogel-Fulcher law, Adam-Gibbs
relation and aging. The time evolution can be so slow that a quasi-equilibrium
occur at a time dependent effective temperature. The same effective temperature
is derived from the Fluctuation-Dissipation ratio, which supports the
applicability of out of equilibrium thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168639 </DOCNO>
Classical capacity of a noiseless quantum channel assisted by noisy


  We derive the general formula for the capacity of a noiseless quantum channel
assisted by an arbitrary amount of noisy entanglement. In this capacity
formula, the ratio of the quantum mutual information and the von Neumann
entropy of the sender's share of the noisy entanglement plays the role of
mutual information in the completely classical case. A consequence of our
results is that bound entangled states cannot increase the capacity of a
noiseless quantum channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72820 </DOCNO>
Recent Result from E821 Experiment on Muon g-2 and Unconstrained Minimal


  Recently, the E821 experiment at the Brookhaven National Laboratory announced
their latest result of their muon g-2 measurement which is about 2.6-\sigma
away from the standard model prediction. Taking this result seriously, we
examine the possibility to explain this discrepancy by the supersymmetric
contribution. Our analysis is performed in the framework of the unconstrained
supersymmetric standard model which has free seven parameters relevant to muon
g-2. We found that, in the case of large \tan\beta, sparticle masses are
allowed to be large in the region where the SUSY contribution to the muon g-2
is large enough, and hence the conventional SUSY search may fail even at the
LHC. On the contrary, to explain the discrepancy in the case of small
\tan\beta, we found that (i) sleptons and SU(2)_L gauginos should be light, and
(ii) negative search for the Higgs boson severely constrains the model in the
framework of the mSUGRA and gauge-mediated model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85895 </DOCNO>
Asymptotically Flat Initial Data with Prescribed Regularity at Infinity


  We prove the existence of a large class of asymptotically flat initial data
with non-vanishing mass and angular momentum for which the metric and the
extrinsic curvature have asymptotic expansions at space-like infinity in terms
of powers of a radial coordinate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97684 </DOCNO>
The structure of corings with a grouplike element


  Characteristic properties of corings with a grouplike element are analysed. A
unital ring structure of such corings is revealed and associated differential
graded rings are studied. A correspondece between categories of comodules and
flat connections is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149653 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Formulations of Superstring Theory


  After a short introduction to Matrix theory, we explain how can one
generalize matrix models to describe toroidal compactifications of M-theory and
the heterotic vacua with 16 supercharges. This allows us, for the first time in
history, to derive the conventional perturbative type IIA string theory known
in the 80s within a complete and consistent nonperturbative framework, using
the language of orbifold conformal field theory and conformal perturbation
methods. A separate chapter is dedicated to the vacua with Horava-Witten domain
walls that carry E8 gauge supermultiplets. Those reduce the gauge symmetry of
the matrix model from U(N) to O(N). We also explain why these models contain
open membranes. The compactification of M-theory on T4 involves the so-called
(2,0) superconformal field theory in six dimensions, compactified on T5. A
separate chapter describes an interesting topological contribution to the low
energy equations of motion on the Coulomb branch of the (2,0) theory that
admits a skyrmionic solution that we call ``knitting fivebranes''. Then we
return to the orbifolds of Matrix theory and construct a formal classical
matrix model of the Scherk-Schwarz compactification of M-theory and type IIA
string theory as well as type 0 theories. We show some disastrous consequences
of the broken supersymmetry. Last two chapters describe a hyperbolic structure
of the moduli spaces of one-dimensional M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6116 </DOCNO>
Critical current and topology of the supercooled vortex state in NbSe2


  We study the behavior of the critical current, Ic(H,T), of pure and Fe doped
NbSe2 crystals in the denominated disordered vortex region, limited by the
critical field Hc2(T) and the field Hp(T) at which the peak effect in Ic(H,T)
is detected. The critical current follows an individual pinning response as
demonstrated by its field independent universal function of the superfluid
density. Transport measurements combined with Bitter decorations show no
evidence of the existence of an amorphous phase in the high temperature region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168473 </DOCNO>
Orchestrating an NMR quantum computation: the N=3 Deutsch-Jozsa


  A detailed description of the development of a three qubit NMR realization of
the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm [Collins et.al., Phys. Rev. A 62, 022304 (2000)] is
provided. The theoretical and experimental techniques used for the reduction of
the algorithm's evolution steps into a sequence of NMR pulses are discussed at
length. This includes the description of general pulse sequence compilation
techniques, various schemes for indirectly coupled gate realizations,
experimental pulse parameterization techniques and bookkeeping methods for
pulse phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128678 </DOCNO>
The Relation between Near-Infrared Luminosity of RGB Bumps and


  Using photometric data from the 2MASS second incremental release point source
catalog we constructed Ks vs. (J-Ks) color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of
Galactic globular clusters (GGCs) for which the JKs photometric data have been
made available up to now. On the CMDs of 13 GGCs we identified RGB bump
features and derived luminosities of bumps in Ks and in absolute Ks for 11 of
them. We reconfirm the relation between abolute Ks magnitude of bump and
metallicity [Fe/H]CG97 or [M/H] such that the luminosity of bump becomes
brighter as metallicity [Fe/H]CG97 or [M/H] decreases. This result is similar
to that obtained by Ferraro et al. (1999) for the relation between abolute V
magnitude of bump and [M/H] based on observations of 47 GGCs which were
conducted in the optical region (V vs. (B-V) CMDs). Our results show the same
trend as those found by Ferraro et al. (2000) for the relations between abolute
Ks magnitude of bump and metallicity [Fe/H]CG97 and [M/H] derived from
observations of 8 GGCs in the same near-infrared (K vs. (J-K) CMDs). Combining
with the data of Ferraro et al. (2000), we derive a robust relation for the
metal-dependent luminosities of the bumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6930 </DOCNO>
Role of Coulomb correlation on magnetic and transport properties of


  Results of LSDA and LSDA+U calculations of the electronic structure and
magnetic configurations of the 50% hole-doped pseudocubic perovskite
La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 and double layered LaSr2Mn2O7 are presented. We demonstrate that
the on-site Coulomb correlation (U) of Mn d electrons has a very different
influence on the (i) band formations, (ii) magnetic ground states, (iii)
interlayer exchange interactions, and (iv) anisotropy of the electrical
transport in these two manganites. A possible reason why the LSDA failures in
predicting observed magnetic and transport properties of the double layered
compound - in contrast to the doped perovskite manganite - is considered on the
basis of a p-d hybridization analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127682 </DOCNO>
The Local Lya Forest. III. Relationship between Lya Absorbers and


  In this paper, we use large-angle, nearby galaxy redshift surveys to
investigate the relationship between the 81 low-redshift Lya absorbers in our
HST/GHRS survey and galaxies, superclusters, and voids. In a subsample of 46
Lya absorbers located in regions where the February 8, 2000 CfA catalog is
complete down to at least L* galaxies, the nearest galaxy neighbors range from
100kpc to >10 Mpc. Of these 46 absorbers, 8 are found in galaxy voids. After
correcting for pathlength and sensitivity, we find that 22+-8% of the Lya
absorbers lie in voids, which requires that at least some low-column density
absorbers are not extended halos of individual bright galaxies. The number
density of these clouds yields a baryon fraction of 4.5+-1.5% in voids.
  The stronger Lya absorbers (10^{13.2-15.4} cm^-2) cluster with galaxies more
weakly than galaxies cluster with each other, while the weaker absorbers
(10^{12.4-13.2} cm^-2) are more randomly distributed. The median distance from
a low-z Lya absorber in our sample to its nearest galaxy neighbor (~500 kpc) is
twice the median distance between bright galaxies in the same survey volume.
This makes any purposed "association" between these Lya absorbers and
individual galaxies problematic. The suggested correlation between Lya absorber
equivalent width (W) and nearest-galaxy impact parameter does not extend to
W<200mA, or to impact parameters >200kpc. Instead, we find statistical support
for the contention that absorbers align with large-scale filaments of galaxies.
While some strong (W>400mA) Lya absorbers may be gas in the extended gaseous
halos of individual galaxies, much of the local Lya "forest" appears to be
associated with the large-scale structures of galaxies and some with voids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86710 </DOCNO>
Stability of Transparent Spherically Symmetric Thin Shells and Wormholes


  The stability of transparent spherically symmetric thin shells (and
wormholes) to linearized spherically symmetric perturbations about static
equilibrium is examined. This work generalizes and systematizes previous
studies and explores the consequences of including the cosmological constant.
The approach shows how the existence (or not) of a domain wall dominates the
landscape of possible equilibrium configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6816 </DOCNO>
Spin Excitations in La2CuO4: Consistent Description by Inclusion of


  We consider the square lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet with plaquette ring
exchange and a finite interlayer coupling leading to a consistent description
of the spin-wave excitation spectrum in La2CuO4. The values of the in-plane
exchange parameters, including ring-exchange J_{\Box}, are obtained
consistently by an accurate fit to the experimentally observed in-plane
spin-wave dispersion, while the out-of-plane exchange interaction is found from
the temperature dependence of the sublattice magnetization at low temperatures.
The fitted exchange interactions J=151.9 meV and J_{\Box}=0.24 J give values
for the spin stiffness and the Neel temperature in excellent agreement with the
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149471 </DOCNO>
On a Matrix Model of Level Structure


  We generalize the dimensionally reduced Yang-Mills matrix model by adding d=1
Chern-Simons term and terms for a bosonic vector. The coefficient, \kappa of
the Chern-Simons term must be integer, and hence the level structure. We show
at the bottom of the Yang-Mills potential, the low energy limit, only the
linear motion is allowed for D0 particles. Namely all the particles align
themselves on a single straight line subject to \kappa^2/r^2 repulsive
potential from each other. We argue the relevant brane configuration to be
D0-branes in a D4 after \kappa of D8's pass the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113814 </DOCNO>
Relativistic fine structure and resonance effects in electron-ion


  Relativistic close coupling calculations are reported for unified electronic
recombination of (e + C IV) including non-resonant and resonant recombination
processes, radiative and dielectronic recombination (RR and DR). Detailed
comparison of the theoretical unified results with two recent experiments on
ion storage rings (Mannervik etal. [1] and Schippers etal. [2]) shows very good
agreement in the entire measured energy region 2s -- 2p with 2pnl resonances.
The results benchmark theory and experiments to uncertainties of ~15%, and show
that the resonant and the background cross sections are not an incoherent sum
of separate RR and DR contributions. The limiting values of the DR cross
sections, as n ---> infinity, are shown to correspond to those due to electron
impact excitation (EIE) at the 2Po_(1/2,3/2) fine structure thresholds,
delineated for the first time. The near-threshold 2s 2S_(1/2) - 2p
2Po_(1/2,3/2) EIE cross sections are also compared with recent experimental
measurements. The demonstrated threshold fine structure and resonance effects
should be of general importance in excitation and recombination of positive
ions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95647 </DOCNO>
Discretization and Moyal brackets


  We give a q-analysis version of a discretization procedure of Kemmoku and
Saito leading to an apparently new q-Moyal type bracket.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96440 </DOCNO>
A Hopf Index Theorem for foliations


  We formulate and prove an analog of the Hopf Index Theorem for Riemannian
foliations. We compute the basic Euler characteristic of a closed Riemannian
manifold as a sum of indices of a non-degenerate basic vector field at critical
leaf closures. The primary tool used to establish this result is an adaptation
to foliations of the Witten deformation method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7209 </DOCNO>
Calculating Value-at-Risk contributions in CreditRisk+


  Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB) launched in 1997 the model CreditRisk+
which aims at calculating the loss distribution of a credit portfolio on the
basis of a methodology from actuarial mathematics. Knowing the loss
distribution, it is possible to determine quantile-based values-at-risk (VaRs)
for the portfolio. An open question is how to attribute fair VaR contributions
to the credits or loans forming the portfolio. One approach is to define the
contributions as certain conditional expectations. We develop an algorithm for
the calculations involved in this approach. This algorithm can be adapted for
computing the contributions to the portfolio Expected Shortfall (ES).
  Key words: CreditRisk+; Value-at-Risk (VaR); risk contribution; conditional
expectation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87081 </DOCNO>
String Cosmology


  `Old' String Theory is a theory of one-dimensional extended objects, whose
vibrations correspond to excitations of various target-space field modes
including gravity. In these lectures I will give an introduction to low-energy
Effective Target-Space Actions derived from conformal invariance conditions of
the underlying sigma models in string theory, discuss cosmology, emphasizing
the role of the dilaton field in inducing inflationary scenaria and in general
expanding string universes. Specifically, I shall analyse some exact solutions
of string theory with a linear dilaton, and discuss their role in inducing
expanding Robertson-Walker Universes. I will mention briefly pre-Big-Bang
scenaria of String Cosmology, in which the dilaton plays a crucial role. In
view of recent claims on experimental evidence on the existence of cosmic
acceleration in the universe today, with a positive non-zero cosmological
constant (de Sitter type), I shall also discuss difficulties of incorporating
such Universes with eternal acceleration in the context of critical string
theory, and present scenaria for a graceful exit from such a phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 859 </DOCNO>
Superconducting condensation energy and neutron resonance in high-Tc


  Based on the slave-boson theory of the two-dimensional $t-t'-J$ model, we
calculate the superconducting condensation energy for optimally doped and
overdoped high $T_{c}$ cuprates at finite temperatures using a renormalized
random phase approximation. The contributions come from the mean-field part and
the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations. In the presence of neutron resonance
peak at $(\pi,\pi)$, the latter is shown to have similar temperature and doping
dependences as the difference in antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange energy between
the normal and the superconducting state. This difference has been proposed to
be related to the superconducting condensation energy by Scalapino and White.
The total condensation energy, however, is about 1/2 smaller than the proposed
AF exchange energy difference and shows a more rapid decrease as the
temperature rises. The doping dependence of the condensation energy is found to
be consistent with experiments. In particular, near zero temperature, our
result shows a good quantitative agreement with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148445 </DOCNO>
D-Branes, Holonomy and M-Theory


  We show that M-theory on spaces with irreducible holonomy represent Type IIA
backgrounds in which a collection of D6-branes wrap a supersymmetric cycle in a
manifold with a holonomy group different from the one appearing in the M-theory
description. For example, we show that D6-branes wrapping a supersymmetric
four-cycle on a manifold with G_2 holonomy is described in eleven dimensions by
M-theory on a space with Spin(7) holonomy. Examples of such Type IIA
backgrounds which lift to M-theory on spaces with SU(3), G_2, SU(4) and Spin(7)
holonomy are considered. The M-theory geometry can then be used to compute
exact quantities of the gauge theory on the corresponding D-brane
configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76758 </DOCNO>
Can MSSM with light sbottom and light gluino survive Z-peak constraints


  In the framework of minimal supersymmetric model we examine the Z-peak
constraints on the scenario of one light sbottom (2--5.5 GeV) and light gluino
(12--16 GeV), which has been successfully used to explain the excess of bottom
quark production in hadron collision. Such a scenario is found to be severely
constrained by LEP Z-peak observables, especially by R_b, due to the large
effect of gluino-sbottom loops. To account for the R_b data in this scenario,
the other mass eigenstate of sbottom, i.e., the heavier one, must be lighter
than 125 (195) GeV at 2-sigma (3-sigma) level, which should have been produced
in association with the lighter one at LEP II and will probobaly be within the
reach of Tevatron Run 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3618 </DOCNO>
Scaling theory for the free-energy barrier to homogeneous nucleation of


  Homogeneous nucleation of a new phase near an Ising-like critical point of
another phase transition is studied. A scaling analysis shows that the free
energy barrier to nucleation contains a singular term with the same scaling as
the order parameter associated with the critical point. The total magnetisation
of the nucleus scales as the response function and so it diverges.
Vapour-liquid critical points are in the Ising universality class and so our
results imply that near such a critical point the number of molecules in a
nucleus of a another phase, such as a crystalline phase, diverges as the
isothermal compressibility. The case where symmetry prevents coupling between
the nucleus and the order parameter is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124764 </DOCNO>
ROSAT and BeppoSAX evidence of soft X-ray excess emission in the Shapley


  Excess soft X-ray emission in clusters of galaxies has so far been detected
for sources that lie along lines-of-sight to very low Galactic HI column
density (such as Coma, A1795, A2199 and Virgo, N_H 0.9-2.0 10^{20} cm-2). We
show that the cluster soft excess emission can be investigated even at higher
N_H, which provides an opportunity for investigating soft X-ray emission
characteristics among a large number of clusters.
  The ROSAT PSPC analysis of some members of the Shapley concentration (A3571,
A3558, A3560 and A3562, at N_H 4-4.5 10^{20} cm-2) bears evidence for excess
emission in the 1/4 keV band. We were able to confirm the finding for the case
of A3571 by a pointed SAX observation. Within the current sample the soft X-ray
flux is again found to be consistently above the level expected from a hot
virialized plasma. The data quality is however insufficient to enable a
discrimination between alternative models of the excess low energy flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98386 </DOCNO>
A reason for fusion rules to be even


  We show that certain tensor product multiplicities in semisimple braided
sovereign tensor categories must be even. The quantity governing this behavior
is the Frobenius-Schur indicator. The result applies in particular to the
representation categories of large classes of groups, Lie algebras, Hopf
algebras and vertex algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4017 </DOCNO>
Multifractal wavelet filter of natural images


  Natural images are characterized by the multiscaling properties of their
contrast gradient, in addition to their power spectrum. In this work we show
that those properties uniquely define an {\em intrinsic wavelet} and present a
suitable technique to obtain it from an ensemble of images. Once this wavelet
is known, images can be represented as expansions in the associated wavelet
basis. The resulting code has the remarkable properties that it separates
independent features at different resolution level, reducing the redundancy,
and remains essentially unchanged under changes in the power spectrum. The
possible generalization of this representation to other systems is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126717 </DOCNO>
2-Point Moments in Cosmological Large Scale Structure: I. Theory and


  We present new perturbation theory (PT) predictions in the Spherical Collapse
(SC) model for the 2-point moments of the large-scale distribution of dark
matter density in the universe. We assume that these fluctuations grow under
gravity from small Gaussian initial conditions. These predictions are compared
with numerical simulations and with previous PT results to assess their domain
of validity. We find that the SC model provides in practice a more accurate
description of 2-point moments than previous tree-level PT calculations. The
agreement with simulations is excellent for a wide range of scales (5-50 Mpc/h)
and fluctuations amplitudes (0.02-2 variance). When normalized to unit variance
these results are independent of the cosmological parameters and of the initial
amplitude of fluctuations. The 2-point moments provide a convenient tool to
study the statistical properties of gravitational clustering for fairly
non-linear scales and complicated survey geometries, such as those probing the
clustering of the Ly-alpha forest. In this context, the perturbative SC
predictions presented here, provide a simple and novel way to test the
gravitational instability paradigm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96470 </DOCNO>
Generalized Projection Operators in Geometric Algebra


  Given an automorphism and an anti-automorphism of a semigroup of a Geometric
Algebra, then for each element of the semigroup a (generalized) projection
operator exists that is defined on the entire Geometric Algebra. A single
fundamental theorem holds for all (generalized) projection operators. This
theorem makes previous projection operator formulas equivalent to each other.
The class of generalized projection operators includes the familiar subspace
projection operation by implementing the automorphism `grade involution' and
the anti-automorphism `inverse' on the semigroup of invertible versors. This
class of projection operators is studied in some detail as the natural
generalization of the subspace projection operators. Other generalized
projection operators include projections onto any invertible element, or a
weighted projection onto any element. This last projection operator even
implies a possible projection operator for the zero element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98747 </DOCNO>
$K_0$ of purely infinite simple regular rings


  We extend the notion of a purely infinite simple C*-algebra to the context of
unital rings, and we study its basic properties, specially those related to
K-Theory. For instance, if $R$ is a purely infinite simple ring, then
$K_0(R)^+= K_0(R)$, the monoid of isomorphism classes of finitely generated
projective $R$-modules is isomorphic to the monoid obtained from $K_0(R)$ by
adjoining a new zero element, and $K_1(R)$ is the abelianization of the group
of units of $R$. We develop techniques of construction, obtaining new examples
in this class in the case of von Neumann regular rings, and we compute the
Grothendieck groups of these examples. In particular, we prove that every
countable abelian group is isomorphic to $K_0$ of some purely infinite simple
regular ring. Finally, some known examples are analyzed within this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75939 </DOCNO>
Triviality and Vacuum Stability Bounds on the Higgs Boson Mass beyond


  The triviality and vacuum stability bounds on the Higgs-boson mass were
revisited in presence of weakly-coupled new interactions parameterized in a
model-independent way by effective operators of dimension 6. It was shown that
for the scale of new physics in the region Lambda=.5-50 TeV the Standard Model
triviality upper bound remains unmodified whereas it is natural to expect that
the lower bound derived from the requirement of vacuum stability is increased
by 40-60 GeV depending on the scale Lambda and strength of coefficients of
effective operators. It turns out that if the Higgs-boson mass is close to its
lower LEP limit then the upper bound on the scale of new physics that follows
from the vacuum stability requirement would be decreased dramatically even for
modest values of coefficients of effective operators implying new physics
already at the scale of a few TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74128 </DOCNO>
Higgs Sector Radiative Corrections and s-Channel Production


  Higgs boson mass sum rules of supersymmetric models offer attractive targets
for precision tests at future muon colliders. These sum rules involve the gauge
boson masses as well as the masses of the Higgs boson states which can be
precisely measured in the $s$-channel production process at a muon collider.
These measurements can sensitively probe radiative corrections to the Higgs
boson masses as well as test for CP-violation and nonminimality of the Higgs
sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74644 </DOCNO>
Earth matter effects on the supernova neutrino spectra


  We explore the earth matter effects on the energy spectra of neutrinos from a
supernova. We show that the observations of the energy spectra of $\nu_e$ and
$\bar{\nu}_e$ from a galactic supernova may enable us to identify the solar
neutrino solution, to determine the sign of $\Delta m^2_{32}$, and to probe the
mixing matrix element $|U_{e3}|^2$ to values as low as $10^{-3}$. We point out
scenarios in which the matter effects can even be established through the
observation of the spectrum at a single detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169224 </DOCNO>
A GHZ-type proof of Bell's Theorem for A Two-particle Singlet State


  For the case of two spin-1/2 particles in the singlet state, we provide a
GHZ-type proof of Bell's theorem by using the idea of postselected
measurements. Furthermore, we show that in spite of the low efficiency of the
detectors one can derive an inequality in the case of real experiments which is
violated by quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127198 </DOCNO>
A Catalogue and Analysis of X-ray luminosities of Early-type galaxies


  We present a catalogue of X-ray luminosities for 401 early-type galaxies, of
which 136 are based on newly analysed ROSAT PSPC pointed observations. The
remaining luminosities are taken from the literature and converted to a common
energy band, spectral model and distance scale. Using this sample we fit the
L_X:L_B relation for early-type galaxies and find a best fit slope for the
catalogue of ~2.2. We demonstrate the influence of group-dominant galaxies on
the fit and present evidence that the relation is not well modeled by a single
powerlaw fit. We also derive estimates of the contribution to galaxy X-ray
luminosities from discrete sources and conclude that they provide
L_discrete/L_B = 29.5 erg/s/L_solar. We compare this result to luminosities
from our catalogue. Lastly, we examine the influence of environment on galaxy
X-ray luminosity and on the form of the L_X:L_B relation. We conclude that
although environment undoubtedly affects the X-ray properties of individual
galaxies, particularly those in the centres of groups and clusters, it does not
change the nature of whole populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114043 </DOCNO>
The heats of formation of the haloacetylenes XCCY [X, Y = H, F, Cl]:


  The heats of formation of haloacetylenes are evaluated using the recent W1
and W2 ab initio computational thermochemistry methods. These calculations
involve CCSD and CCSD(T) coupled cluster methods, basis sets of up to spdfgh
quality, extrapolations to the one-particle basis set limit, and contributions
of inner-shell correlation, scalar relativistic effects, and (where relevant)
first-order spin-orbit coupling. The heats of formation determined using W2
theory are: \hof(HCCH) = 54.48 kcal/mol, \hof(HCCF) = 25.15 kcal/mol,
\hof(FCCF) = 1.38 kcal/mol, \hof(HCCCl) = 54.83 kcal/mol, \hof(ClCCCl) = 56.21
kcal/mol, and \hof(FCCCl) = 28.47 kcal/mol. Enthalpies of hydrogenation and
destabilization energies relative to acetylene were obtained at the W1 level of
theory. So doing we find the following destabilization order for acetylenes:
FCCF $>$ ClCCF $>$ HCCF $>$ ClCCCl $>$ HCCCl $>$ HCCH. By a combination of W1
theory and isodesmic reactions, we show that the generally accepted heat of
formation of 1,2-dichloroethane should be revised to -31.8$\pm$0.6 kcal/mol, in
excellent agreement with a very recent critically evaluated review. The
performance of compound thermochemistry schemes such as G2, G3, G3X and CBS-QB3
theories has been analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4252 </DOCNO>
From quantum disorder to quantum chaos


  We study the statistics of wave functions in a ballistic chaotic system. The
statistical ensemble is generated by adding weak smooth random potential, which
allows us to apply the ballistic $\sigma$-model approach. We analyze conditions
of applicability of the $\sigma$-model, emphasizing the role played by the
single-particle mean free path and the Lyapunov exponent due to the random
potential. In particular, we present a resolution of the puzzle of repetitions
of periodic orbits counted differently by the $\sigma$-model and by the trace
formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127789 </DOCNO>
Group Scaling Relations From a Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulation: No


  We investigate the X-ray vs. optical scaling relations of poor groups to
small clusters (sigma~100-700 km/s) identified in a cosmological hydrodynamic
simulation of a Lambda-CDM universe, with cooling and star formation but no
pre-heating. We find that the scaling relations between X-ray luminosity, X-ray
temperature, and velocity dispersion show significant departures from the
relations predicted by simple hydrostatic equilibrium models or simulations
without cooling, having steeper L_X-sigma and L_X-T_X slopes and a "break" at
\~200 km/s (~0.3 keV). These departures arise because the hot (X-ray emitting)
gas fraction varies substantially with halo mass in this regime. Our
predictions roughly agree with observations. Thus radiative cooling is a
critical physical process in modeling galaxy groups, and may present an
alternative to ad hoc models such as pre-heating or entropy floors for
explaining X-ray group scaling relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1182 </DOCNO>
Gravitational instability of finite isothermal spheres


  We investigate the stability of bounded self-gravitating systems in the
canonical ensemble by using a thermodynamical approach. Our study extends the
earlier work of Padmanabhan [Astrophys. J. Supp. 71, 651 (1989)] in the
microcanonical ensemble. By studying the second variations of the free energy,
we find that instability sets in precisely at the point of minimum temperature
in agreement with the theorem of Katz [ Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 183, 765
(1978)]. The perturbation that induces instability at this point is calculated
explicitly; it has not a ``core-halo'' structure contrary to what happens in
the microcanonical ensemble. We also study Jeans type gravitational instability
of isothermal gaseous spheres described by Navier-Stokes equations. We show
analytically the equivalence between dynamical stability and thermodynamical
stability and the fact that the stability of isothermal gas spheres does not
depend on the viscosity. This confirms the findings of Semelin et al.
[astro-ph/9908073] who used numerical methods. We also give a simpler
derivation of the geometric hierarchy of scales inducing instability discovered
by these authors. The density profiles that trigger these instabilities are
calculated analytically; they present more and more oscillations that also
follow a geometric progression. This suggests that the system will fragmentate
in a series of `clumps' and that these `clumps' will themselves fragmentate in
substructures. The fact that both the domain sizes leading to instability and
the `clumps' sizes within a box follow a geometric progression with the same
ratio suggests a fractal-like behaviour. This gives further support to the
interpretation of de Vega et al. [Nature, 383, 56 (1996)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127785 </DOCNO>
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Brown Dwarfs: Methane and the Transition


  We report the possible identification of weak methane spectral features in
the near-infrared K band in two late L dwarfs, DENIS 0205-11 (L7) and 2MASS
1523+30 (L8). New, high signal-to-noise ratio flux-calibrated spectra, spanning
the wavelength interval 1.10 - 2.35 microns with an average resolving power R =
1800 were obtained using NIRSPEC on the Keck II telescope. Results are reported
and compared for three late L dwarfs (L5, L7, and L8) and two T dwarfs (T1 and
T6). The spectra, which are continuous through the atmospheric absorption
bands, show the development of deep steam bands and the weakening of iron
hydride features through the L dwarfs and the emergence of strong methane bands
in the T dwarfs. A detailed comparison of the K band regions with synthetic
spectra suggests that the weak features seen in the L7 and L8 dwarfs at 2.20
microns are likely to be methane. We see no evidence for methane in the H band.
At the R = 1800 resolution, significant differences are evident between the
spectral signatures of the L8 and the T1, leaving room for additional
transition objects (L9 or T0).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98027 </DOCNO>
Regularity of quasi-stationary measures for simple exclusion in


  We consider the symmetric simple exclusion process on Z^d, for d>= 5, and
study the regularity of the quasi-stationary measures of the dynamics
conditionned on not occupying the origin. For each \rho\in ]0,1[, we establish
uniqueness of the density of quasi-stationary measures in L^2(d\nur), where
\nur is the stationary measure of density \rho. This, in turn, permits us to
obtain sharp estimates for P_{\nur}(\tau>t), where \tau is the first time the
origin is occupied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85761 </DOCNO>
Signature transition and compactification


  It is shown that a change in the signature of the space-time metric together
with compactification of internal dimensions could occure in a six-dimensional
cosmological model. We also show that this is due to interaction with Maxwell
fields having support in the internal part of the space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2908 </DOCNO>
Transport Properties of the Diluted Lorentz Slab


  We study the behavior of a point particle incident from the left on a slab of
a randomly diluted triangular array of circular scatterers. Various scattering
properties, such as the reflection and transmission probabilities and the
scattering time are studied as a function of thickness and dilution. We show
that a diffusion model satisfactorily describes the mentioned scattering
properties. We also show how some of these quantities can be evaluated exactly
and their agreement with numerical experiments. Our results exhibit the
dependence of these scattering data on the mean free path. This dependence
again shows excellent agreement with the predictions of a Brownian motion
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5466 </DOCNO>
Specific Heat of the Periodic Anderson Model: From Weak to Strong


  We study the temperature dependence of the specific heat in the periodic
Anderson model as function of the on-site Coulomb interaction, hybridization,
and position of the f-electrons energy level. At strong coupling (U=infinity)
we use slave bosons, whereas at weak coupling we use a simple Hartree-Fock
decomposition. We find that both in the strong and weak coupling limits the
specific heat of the system presents a multiple peak structure in a mean field
treatment. We believe these features to be related to band-shape effects. The
temperature evolution of the low-temperature peak position on the model
parameters for the non-half filled non-symmetric case is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99197 </DOCNO>
On Fourier and Zeta(s)


  We study some of the interactions between the Fourier Transform and the
Riemann zeta function (and Dirichlet-Dedekind-Hecke-Tate L-functions)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83522 </DOCNO>
A Knowledge-based Automated Debugger in Learning System


  Currently, programming instructors continually face the problem of helping to
debug students' programs. Although there currently exist a number of debuggers
and debugging tools in various platforms, most of these projects or products
are crafted through the needs of software maintenance, and not through the
perspective of teaching of programming. Moreover, most debuggers are too
general, meant for experts as well as not user-friendly. We propose a new
knowledge-based automated debugger to be used as a user-friendly tool by the
students to self-debug their own programs. Stereotyped code (cliche) and bugs
cliche will be stored as library of plans in the knowledge-base. Recognition of
correct code or bugs is based on pattern matching and constraint satisfaction.
Given a syntax error-free program and its specification, this debugger called
Adil (Automated Debugger in Learning system) will be able locate, pinpoint and
explain logical errors of programs. If there are no errors, it will be able to
explain the meaning of the program. Adil is based on the design of the
Conceiver, an automated program understanding system developed at Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127797 </DOCNO>
The University of Cape Town CCD CV Survey


  Some results from a high speed photometric survey of faint southern
Cataclysmic Variables are presented, including 7 new orbital periods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74842 </DOCNO>
Charged Higgs production from SUSY particle cascade decays at the LHC


  We analyze the cascade decays of the scalar quarks and gluinos of the Minimal
Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, which are abundantly produced
at the Large Hadron Collider, into heavier charginos and neutralinos which then
decay into the lighter ones and charged Higgs particles, and show that they can
have substantial branching fractions. The production rates of these Higgs
bosons can be much larger than those from the direct production mechanisms, in
particular for intermediate values of the parameter $\tan \beta$, and could
therefore allow for the detection of these particles. We also discuss charged
Higgs boson production from direct two-body top and bottom squark decays as
well as from two- and three-body gluino decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3265 </DOCNO>
Lattice Twisting Operators and Vertex Operators in Sine-Gordon Theory in


  In one dimension, the exponential position operators introduced in a theory
of polarization are identified with the twisting operators appearing in the
Lieb-Schultz-Mattis argument, and their finite-size expectation values $z_L$
measure the overlap between the unique ground state and an excited state.
Insulators are characterized by $z_{\infty}\neq 0$. We identify $z_L$ with
ground-state expectation values of vertex operators in the sine-Gordon model.
This allows an accurate detection of quantum phase transitions in the
universality classes of the Gaussian model. We apply this theory to the
half-filled extended Hubbard model and obtain agreement with the level-crossing
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76159 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous CP Violation in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard


  We re-examine spontaneous $\cp$ violation (SCPV) at the tree level in the
context of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) with two
Higgs doublets and a gauge singlet field. We analyse the most general Higgs
potential without a discrete $Z_3$ symmetry, and derive an upper bound on the
mass of the lightest neutral Higgs boson. We estimate $\epsi_K$ by applying the
mass insertion approximation, finding that in order to account for the for the
observed $\cp$ violation in the neutral kaon sector a non-trivial flavour
structure in the soft-breaking $A$ terms is required and that the upper bound
on the lightest Higgs-boson mass becomes stronger. We also discuss the
implications of electric dipole moments of the electron and the neutron in SUSY
models with SCPV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2616 </DOCNO>
Carbon Nanotubes Band Assignation, Topology, Bloch States and Selection


  Various properties of the energy band structures (electronic, phonon, etc.),
including systematic band degeneracy, sticking and extremes, following from the
full line group symmetry of the single-wall carbon nanotubes are established.
The complete set of quantum numbers consists of quasi momenta (angular and
linear or helical) and parities with respect to the z-reversal symmetries and,
for achiral tubes, the vertical plane. The assignation of the electronic bands
is performed, and the generalized Bloch symmetry adapted eigen functions are
derived. The most important physical tensors are characterized by the same set
of quantum numbers. All this enables application of the presented exhaustive
selection rules. The results are discussed by some examples, e.g. allowed
interband transitions, conductivity, Raman tensor, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179220 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Calculations for Incoherent Photoproduction of Eta Mesons


  We develop a relativistic model for incoherent eta-photoproduction on nuclei.
The elementary process is described using an effective Lagrangian containing
photons, nucleons, the S11(1535) and D13(1520) nucleon resonances, and rho,
omega, and eta mesons. The nucleon and eta wavefunctions are obtained from
relativistic wave equations. Final-state interactions of the outgoing particles
are included via optical potentials. The effects of these interactions are
found to be large and lead to reduced cross sections.The incoherent cross
sections for isovector transitions are much larger than those for isoscalar
ones. The dominant contributions are those from the S11 and D13 resonances. We
find important interference effects between the contributions of these two
resonances. We give some detailed calculations for the cross sections for
incoherent eta-photoproduction on C-12. We find that the incoherent cross
section for a subset of states in the excitation energy region below 17 MeV are
significantly larger than those of the coherent process. These cross sections
may thus be accessible experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4621 </DOCNO>
Plane-waves DFT-LDA calculation of the electronic structure and


  We present an accurate, first-principles study of the electronic structure
and absorption spectrum of bulk copper within Density Functional Theory in the
Local Density Approximation (DFT-LDA), including the study of intraband
transitions. We construct norm-conserving pseudopotentials (PPs) including the
3d shell (and optionally the underlying 3s and 3p shells) in the valence, and
requiring a relatively small plane-waves basis (60 and 140 Rydbergs cutoff,
respectively). As a consequence, these PPs are strongly non-local, yielding to
macroscopically wrong results in the absorption spectrum when momentum matrix
elements are computed naively. Our results are compared with experimental
photoemission, absorption and electron energy loss data, and suggest non
trivial self-energy effects in the quasiparticle spectrum of Cu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72879 </DOCNO>
Brane World in Generalized Gravity


  We consider Randall-Sundrum(RS) model in generalized gravities and see that
the localization of gravity happens in generic situations though its
effectiveness depends on the details of the configuration. It is shown that RS
picture is robust against quantum gravity corrections ($\phi \R$) as long as
the correction is reasonably small. We extend our consideration to the model of
scalar(dilaton) coupled gravity which leads us to the specific comparison
between RS model and inflation models. The exponential and power law hierarchy
in RS model are shown to correspond to the exponential and power law inflation
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3228 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram and optical conductivity of the ionic Hubbard model


  We investigate the ground state phase diagram of the one-dimensional ionic
Hubbard model with an alternating potential at half-filling by the bosonization
technique as well as by numerical diagonalization of finite systems with the
Lanczos and DMRG methods. Our results support the existence of a single
"metallic" transition point from a band to a Mott insulator. In addition, we
present results for the optical conductivity obtained by the recently developed
dynamical DMRG method. The band-insulator to Mott-insulator phase transition is
discussed in detail including a critical review of existing approaches and
results for the ionic Hubbard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99139 </DOCNO>
A Barth-Lefschetz theorem for toric varieties


  The theorem of Barth-Lefschetz is a statement about the cohomology of a
submanifold X of some projective space, in a range depending on the codimension
of the embedding. Here this is generalized to the case of a submanifold X of a
smooth projective toric variety Y, under some natural conditions on X. In
particular, in the Barth-Lefschetz range a formula for the Hodge numbers of X
in terms of the toric, i.e. combinatorial data of Y is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98455 </DOCNO>
Nowhere-zero harmonic spinors and their associated self-dual 2-forms


  Let M be a closed oriented 4-manifold, with Riemannian metric g, and a spin^C
structure induced by an almost-complex structure \omega. Each connection A on
the determinant line bundle induces a unique connection \nabla^A, and Dirac
operator \D^A on spinor fields. Let \sigma: W^+ --> \Lambda^+ be the natural
squaring map, taking self-dual spinors to self-dual 2-forms.
  In this paper, we characterize the self-dual 2-forms that are images of
self-dual spinor fields through \sigma. They are those \alpha for which (off
zeros) c_1(\alpha) = c_1(\omega), where c_1(\alpha) is a suitably defined Chern
class. We also obtain the formula: || \phi ||^2 D^A \phi = i (2 d^*
\sigma(\phi) + < \nabla^A \phi, i \phi >)* \phi.
  Using these, we establish a bijective correspondence between: {Kahler forms
\alpha compatible with a metric scalar-multiple of g, and with c_1(\alpha) =
c_1(\omega)} and {gauge classes of pairs (\phi, A), with \nabla^A \phi = 0}, as
well as a bijective correspondence between: {Symplectic forms \alpha compatible
with a metric conformal to g, and with c_1(\alpha) = c_1(\omega)} and {gauge
classes of pairs (\phi, A), with D^ A \phi = 0, and < \nabla^A \phi, i \phi > =
0, and \phi nowhere-zero}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6858 </DOCNO>
Internal waves and synchronized precession in a cold vapor


  Exchange in a Boltzmann gas of bosons with several internal states leads to
collective transport of internal polarization. The internal dynamics can be
understood as Larmor precession in the presence of a torque induced by atoms on
each other via exchange coupling. A generalized Bloch equation that includes
interatomic exchange effects as well as orbital motion in the gas is derived
and used to interpret recent experiment by Lewandowski et al. as an excitation
of a collective wave of internal state polarization. It is shown that exchange
leads to formation of domains in which precession frequencies are synchronized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126836 </DOCNO>
Standing Shocks around Black Holes: An Analytical Study


  We compute locations of sonic points and standing shock waves in a thin,
axisymmetric, adiabatic flow around a Schwarzschild black hole. We use
completely analytical method to achieve our goal. Our results are compared with
those obtained numerically and a good agreement is seen. Our results positively
prove the existence of shocks in centrifugal pressure dominated flows. We
indicate how our results could be used to obtain spectral properties and
frequencies of shock oscillations which may be directly related to the
quasi-periodic oscillations of hard X-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113553 </DOCNO>
The ghostly solution of the quantum paradoxes and its experimental


  The wave-particle duality is a mind-body one. In the real 3d-space there
exists only the particle; the wave exists in its consciousness, as well as the
reflection of the whole world. If there are many particles, their distribution
in accordance with the wave function looks as a real wave in real space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86568 </DOCNO>
Tidal interaction in binary black hole inspiral


  In rotating viscous fluid stars, tidal torque leads to an exchange of spin
and orbital angular momentum. The horizon of a black hole has an effective
viscosity that is large compared to that of stellar fluids, and an effective
tidal torque may lead to important effects in the strong field interaction at
the endpoint of the inspiral of two rapidly rotating holes. In the most
interesting case both holes are maximally rotating and all angular momenta
(orbital and spins) are aligned. We point out here that in such a case (i) the
transfer of angular momentum may have an important effect in modifying the
gravitational wave ``chirp'' at the endpoint of inspiral. (ii) The tidal
transfer of spin energy to orbital energy may increase the amount of energy
being radiated. (iii) Tidal transfer in such systems may provide a mechanism
for shedding excess angular momentum. We argue that numerical relativity, the
only tool for determining the importance of tidal torque, should be more
specifically focused on binary configurations with aligned, large, angular
momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123373 </DOCNO>
Supernova, Hypernova and Gamma Ray Bursts


  Recent observations suggest that gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows
are produced by highly relativistic jets emitted in core collapse supernova
explosions (SNe). The result of the event, probably, is not just a compact
object plus a spherical ejecta: within days, a fraction of the parent star
falls back to produce a thick accretion disk around the compact object.
Instabilities in the disk induce sudden collapses with ejection of highly
relativistic ``cannonballs'' of plasma, similar to those ejected by
microquasars. The jet of cannonballs exit the supernova shell/ejecta reheated
by their collision with it, emitting highly forward-collimated radiation which
is Doppler shifted to $\gamma$-ray energy. Each cannonball corresponds to an
individual pulse in a GRB. They decelerate by sweeping up the ionised
interstellar matter in front of them, part of which is accelerated to
cosmic-ray energies and emits synchrotron radiation: the afterglow. The
Cannonball Model cannot predict the timing sequence of these pulses, but it
fares very well in describing the total energy, energy spectrum, and
time-dependence of the individual $\gamma$-ray pulses and afterglows. It also
predicts that GRB pulses are accompanied by detectable short pulses of TeV
neutrinos and sub TeV $\gamma$-rays, that are much more energetic and begin and
peak a little earlier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148221 </DOCNO>
Boundary bootstrap principle in two-dimensional integrable quantum field


  We study the reflection amplitudes of affine Toda field theories with
boundary, following the ideas developed by Fring and Koberle and focusing our
attention on the $E_{n}$ series elements, because of their interesting
structure of higher order poles. We also investigate the corresponding minimal
reflection matrices, finding, with respect to the bulk case, a more complicated
relation between the spectra of bound states associated to the minimal and to
the ''dressed'' amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7275 </DOCNO>
Deconfinement in Two Dimensions


  The unbinding of vortex-antivortex pairs for the classical two-dimensional XY
model in a magnetic field is studied. A single such pair is connected by a
string of overturned spins, leading to linear confinement. We show that this
system supports two phase transitions, one in which closed strings proliferate,
and a second in which vortices unbind. The transitions are shown to be dual to
one another, and are remarkably continuous. Possible consequences for a variety
of systems are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149337 </DOCNO>
Domain Walls with Strings Attached


  We have constructed a bulk & brane action of IIA theory which describes a
pair of BPS domain walls on S_1/Z_2, with strings attached. The walls are given
by two orientifold O8-planes with coincident D8-branes and `F1-D0'-strings are
stretched between the walls. This static configuration satisfies all matching
conditions for the string and domain wall sources and has 1/4 of unbroken
supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179204 </DOCNO>
Total Routhian surface calculations for neutron-rich 149Ce


  Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations were performed for the 149Ce
nucleus. The equilibrium deformation parameters and total angular momentum
values have been calculated as a function of rotational frequency for both
signatures of the lowest positive- and negative-parity rotational bands.
Theoretical predictions are compared with the results of experimental studies
of this nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5224 </DOCNO>
The Ising spin glass in a transverse field. Results of two fermionic


  We analyze the long range Ising spin glass in a transverse field by using
Grassmann variables in a field theory where the spin operators are represented
by bilinear combinations of fermionic fields. We compare the results of two
fermionic models. In the four state (4S)-model the diagonal Sz operator has two
vanishing eigenvalues, that are suppressed by a restraint in the two states
(2S)-model. Within a replica symmetric theory and in the static approximation
we obtain similar results for both models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149070 </DOCNO>
"Dynamical" non-minimal higher-spin interaction and gyromagnetic ratio


  The field-dependent invariant representation (the "dynamical" representation)
of the Poincar\'e algebra is considered as a dynamical principle in order to
get the corresponding "dynamical" electromagnetic coupling for higher spins
($s\geq 1$). If in lower-spin ($s=0,1/2$) cases the "dynamical" coupling is
taken to coincide with the minimal electromagnetic coupling the higher-spin
coupling is inevitably non-minimal, containing a term linear in the field
strength tensor $F_{\mu\nu}$. This term leads to $g=2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167995 </DOCNO>
Constructing Qubits in Physical Systems


  The notion of a qubit is ubiquitous in quantum information processing. In
spite of the simple abstract definition of qubits as two-state quantum systems,
identifying qubits in physical systems is often unexpectedly difficult. There
are an astonishing variety of ways in which qubits can emerge from devices.
What essential features are required for an implementation to properly
instantiate a qubit? We give three typical examples and propose an operational
characterization of qubits based on quantum observables and subsystems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167926 </DOCNO>
Quantum Communication Complexity (A Survey)


  Can quantum communication be more efficient than its classical counterpart?
Holevo's theorem rules out the possibility of communicating more than n bits of
classical information by the transmission of n quantum bits --- unless the two
parties are entangled, in which case twice as many classical bits can be
communicated but no more. In apparent contradiction, there are distributed
computational tasks for which quantum communication cannot be simulated
efficiently by classical means. In extreme cases, the effect of transmitting
quantum bits cannot be achieved classically short of transmitting an
exponentially larger number of bits.
  In a similar vein, can entanglement be used to save on classical
communication? It is well known that entanglement on its own is useless for the
transmission of information. Yet, there are distributed tasks that cannot be
accomplished at all in a classical world when communication is not allowed, but
that become possible if the non-communicating parties share prior entanglement.
This leads to the question of how expensive it is, in terms of classical
communication, to provide an exact simulation of the spooky power of
entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149645 </DOCNO>
Classical electromagnetic field theory in the presence of magnetic


  Using two new well defined 4-dimensional potential vectors, we formulate the
classical Maxwell's field theory in a form which has manifest Lorentz
covariance and SO(2) duality symmetry in the presence of magnetic sources. We
set up a consistent Lagrangian for the theory. Then from the action principle
we get both Maxwell's equation and the equation of motion of a dyon moving in
the electro-magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 287 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological theory of magnetic anisotropy in thin films and


  Within a phenomenological approach the density of induced uniaxial anisotropy
in nanostructures K(r) is treated as a physical field additional to the
magnetization M(r). The equilibrium distributions of K(r) are formed under the
influence of the surfaces and internal interactions. The functions K(r) and
M(r) are calculated for a magnetic layer between two nonmagnetic spacers. It is
shown that the transition from the phase with magnetization in plane to the
perpendicular phase occurs continuously via an intermediate phase which is
inhomogeneous across the layer-thickness. The theory explains experimentally
observed thickness dependences of the effective anisotropy and gives a method
to obtain values of the characteristic parameters for the theory from
experimental data. It is shown that the separation of the induced anisotropy
into volume and surface contribution is valid only for thick films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76433 </DOCNO>
Introduction to sterile neutrinos


  Model-building issues raised by the prospect of light sterile neutrinos are
discussed in a pedagogical way. I first review the na\"{\i}ve proposal that
sterile neutrinos be identified with ``right handed neutrinos''. A critical
discussion of the simple expedient of adding three gauge singlet fermions to
the usual minimal standard model matter content is followed by an examination
of right handed neutrinos in extended theories. I introduce the terminology of
``fully sterile'' and ``weakly sterile'' to classify varieties usually
conflated under the sterile neutrino banner. After introducing the concepts of
``technical naturalness'' and plain ``naturalness'', the unbearable lightness
of being a sterile neutrino is confronted. This problem is used to motivate
mirror neutrinos, whose connection with pairwise maximal mixing is emphasised.
Some brief remarks about phenomenology are made throughout. The impossibility
of identifying the sole sterile neutrino of the currently favoured $2 + 2$ and
$3 + 1$ phenomenological constructs as a lone gauge singlet fermion added to
the minimal standard model is explained. Finally, I remark on the beauty and
subtlety of light sterile neutrino cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86641 </DOCNO>
Conformal modes in simplicial quantum gravity and the Weil-Petersson


  Our goal here is to present a detailed analysis connecting the anomalous
scaling properties of 2D simplicial quantum gravity to the geometry of the
moduli space M_{g,N} of genus g Riemann surfaces with N punctures. In the case
of pure gravity we prove that the scaling properties of the set of dynamical
triangulations with N vertices are directly provided by the large N asymptotics
of the Weil-Petersson volume of M_{g,N}, recently discussed by Manin and
Zograf. Such a geometrical characterization explains why dynamical
triangulations automatically take into account the anomalous scaling properties
of Liouville theory. In the case of coupling with conformal matter we briefly
argue that the anomalous scaling of the resulting discretized theory should be
related to the Gromov-Witten invariants of the moduli space M_{g,N}(X,\beta) of
stable maps from (punctured Riemann surfaces associated with) dynamical
triangulations to a manifold X parameterizing the conformal matter
configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73708 </DOCNO>
Probing R-violating top quark decays at the NLC


  We examine the possibility of observing exotic top quark decays via
$R$-Parity violating SUSY interactions in $e^+e^-$ collisions at $\sqrt{s = 500
GeV$. We present cross-sections for $t\bar t$ production followed by the
subsequent decay of either the $t$ or $\overline{t}$ via the $R$-Parity
violating interaction while the other undergoes the SM decay. We discuss
kinematic cuts that allow the exotic SUSY decays to be detected over standard
model backgrounds. Discovery limits for $R$-Parity violating couplings in the
top sector are presented assuming an integrated luminosity of $100 fb^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 539 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity from Hole Undressing


  Photoemission and optical experiments indicate that the transition to
superconductivity in cuprates is an 'undressing' transition . In photoemission
this is seen as a coherent quasiparticle peak emerging from an incoherent
background, in optics as violation of the Ferrell-Glover-Tinkham sum rule
indicating effective mass reduction of superconducting carriers. We propose
that this is a manifestation of the fundamental electron-hole asymmetry of
condensed matter described by the theory of hole superconductivity. The theory
asserts that electrons in nearly empty bands and holes in nearly full bands are
fundamentally different : the former yield high conductivity and normal metals,
the latter yield low normal state conductivity and high temperature
superconductivity. This is because the normal state transport of electrons is
coherent and that of holes is incoherent. We explain how this asymmetry arises
from the Coulomb interaction between electrons in atoms and the nature of
atomic orbitals, and propose a simple Hamiltonian to describe it. A $universal$
mechanism for superconductivity follows from this physics, whereby dressed hole
carriers undress by pairing, turning (partially) into electrons and becoming
more mobile in the superconducting state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81387 </DOCNO>
Continuum limit in abelian projected SU(2) lattice gauge theory


  We study the continuum limit of the abelian string tension and the density of
abelian monopoles calculated after carefully fixing the maximal abelian gauge
by employing the simulated annealing algorithm. We present the evidence that
the abelian string tension converges to the nonabelian one in the continuum
limit. For the monopole density we confirm earlier findings that the density of
the properly defined infrared monopoles has correct scaling while the total
density seems divergent in the continuum limit due to ultraviolate
contributions. We also compare with results obtained with the usual iterative
gauge fixing algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98232 </DOCNO>
Spectral Theorem for Convex Monotone Homogeneous Maps, and Ergodic


  We consider convex maps f:R^n -> R^n that are monotone (i.e., that preserve
the product ordering of R^n), and nonexpansive for the sup-norm. This includes
convex monotone maps that are additively homogeneous (i.e., that commute with
the addition of constants). We show that the fixed point set of f, when it is
non-empty, is isomorphic to a convex inf-subsemilattice of R^n, whose dimension
is at most equal to the number of strongly connected components of a critical
graph defined from the tangent affine maps of f. This yields in particular an
uniqueness result for the bias vector of ergodic control problems. This
generalizes results obtained previously by Lanery, Romanovsky, and Schweitzer
and Federgruen, for ergodic control problems with finite state and action
spaces, which correspond to the special case of piecewise affine maps f. We
also show that the length of periodic orbits of f is bounded by the cyclicity
of its critical graph, which implies that the possible orbit lengths of f are
exactly the orders of elements of the symmetric group on n letters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95960 </DOCNO>
Minkowski- versus Euclidean rank for products of metric spaces


  We introduce a notion of the Euclidean- and the Minkowski rank for arbitrary
metric spaces and we study their behaviour with respect to products. We show
that the Minkowski rank is additive with respect to metric products, while
additivity of the Euclidean rank only holds under additional assumptions, e.g.
for Riemannian manifolds. We also study products with nonstandard product
metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40734 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle Correlations at LEP1


  Bidding farewell to the LEP accelerator, we acknowledge that an essential
part of its legacy is the immense amount of data collected during 5 years of
the LEP1 stage, at the Z peak. This set of data allows for detailed studies of
many phenomena, and particularly, of the final state interactions between
hadrons. Presented here is a review of the most recent analyses in this area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76915 </DOCNO>
The CDF-II Online Silicon Vertex Tracker


  The Online Silicon Vertex Tracker is the new CDF-II level 2 trigger processor
designed to reconstruct 2-D tracks within the Silicon Vertex Detector with high
speed and accuracy. By performing a precise measurement of impact parameters
the SVT allows tagging online B events which typically show displaced secondary
vertices. Physics simulations show that this will greatly enhance the CDF-II
B-physics capability. The SVT has been fully assembled and operational since
the beginning of Tevatron RunII in April 2001. In this paper we briefly review
the SVT design and physics motivation and then describe its performance during
the early phase (April-October 2001) of run II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81354 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Models of the Quark-Gluon Plasma Equation of State


  Two phenomenological models describing an SU(N) quark-gluon plasma are
presented. The first is obtained from high temperature expansions of the free
energy of a massive gluon, while the second is derived by demanding color
neutrality over a certain length scale. Each model has a single free parameter,
exhibits behavior similar to lattice simulations over the range T_d-5T_d, and
has the correct blackbody behavior for large temperatures. The N=2
deconfinement transition is second order in both models, while N=3,4, and 5 are
first order. Both modelsappear to have a smooth large-N limit. In both models,
the confined phase is characterized by a mutual repulsion of Polyakov loop
eigenvalues that makes the Polyakov loop expectation value zero. In the
deconfined phase, the rotation of the eigenvalues in the complex plane towards
1 is responsible for the approach to the blackbody limit over the range
T_d-5T_d. The addition of quarks in SU(3) breaks Z(3) symmetry weakly and
eliminates the deconfining phase transition for sufficiently light quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148282 </DOCNO>
OSp(N|4) group and their contractions to P(3,1)xGauge


  Starting from SO(n,m) groups, we are in search of groups that: (1.) in a
simple way, include N supersymmetric generators(see \cite{Nahm}) (2.) contain
as subgroup: the de Sitter group SO(4,1) or the Anti-de Sitter group SO(3,2)
(3.) permit nontrivial gauge symmetry groups. The smallest groups satisfyng
above conditions are the OSp(N|4) groups, which contain Sp(4)xSO(N) ($Sp(4)\sim
SO(3,2)$) or OSp(1|4)xSO(N-1). Because of this, it is possible to generate
P(3,1)xG using groups contraction mechanism, which may be: $SO(3,2)\to P(3,1)$
o $OSp(N|4)\to ^SP(3,1|N)$ where P(3,1) is the Poincar\'e group and G is a
gauge group, say SO(N) or SO(N-1). This group contraction mechanism and its
consequences upon different groups representations including SO(3,2) or
SO(4,1), is clarified and extended to OSp(N|4) representations (see
\cite{Nicolai}), contracted to its N-extensi\'on SuperPoincar\'e group $\
^SP(3,1|N)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5655 </DOCNO>
A new one parameter deformation of the exponential function


  Recently, in the ref. Physica A \bfm{296} 405 (2001), a new one parameter
deformation for the exponential function $\exp_{_{\{{\scriptstyle
\kappa}\}}}(x)= (\sqrt{1+\kappa^2x^2}+\kappa x)^{1/\kappa};
\exp_{_{\{{\scriptstyle 0}\}}}(x)=\exp (x)$, which presents a power law
asymptotic behaviour, has been proposed. The statistical distribution
$f=Z^{-1}\exp_{_{\{{\scriptstyle \kappa}\}}}[-\beta(E-\mu)]$, has been obtained
both as stable stationary state of a proper non linear kinetics and as the
state which maximizes a new entropic form. In the present contribution,
starting from the $\kappa$-algebra and after introducing the $\kappa$-analysis,
we obtain the $\kappa$-exponential $\exp_{_{\{{\scriptstyle \kappa}\}}}(x)$ as
the eigenstate of the $\kappa$-derivative and study its main mathematical
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4152 </DOCNO>
Anomalous dynamical light scattering in soft glassy gels


  We compute the dynamical structure factor S(q,tau) of an elastic medium where
force dipoles appear at random in space and in time, due to `micro-collapses'
of the structure. Various regimes are found, depending on the wave vector q and
the collapse time. In an early time regime, the logarithm of the structure
factor behaves as (q tau)^{3/2}, as predicted by Cipelletti et al. [1] using
heuristic arguments. However, in an intermediate time regime we rather obtain a
q tau)^{5/4} behaviour. Finally, the asymptotic long time regime is found to
behave as q^{3/2} tau. We also give a plausible scenario for aging, in terms of
a strain dependent energy barrier for micro-collapses. The relaxation time is
found to grow with the age t_w, quasi-exponentially at first, and then as
t_w^{4/5} with logarithmic corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96135 </DOCNO>
Numerical computation of resonance poles in scattering theory


  We present a possible way of computing resonance poles and modes in
scattering theory. Numerical examples are given for the scattering of
electromagnetic waves by finite-size photonic crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98481 </DOCNO>
Modules of principal parts on the projective line


  We study the splitting-type of the bi-modules of principal parts
(Grothendiecks analogue of jet-bundles in algebraic geometry) as left and right
O-module on the projective line in positive characteristic, and obtain explicit
examples where the splitting-type as left O-module differs from the
splitting-type as right O-module. Hence the principal parts are the first
examples of a sheaf of abelian groups equipped with two non-isomorphic
structures as locally free O-module. We also give explicit examples showing
that in some cases the splitting-type changes with the characteristic of the
base-field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76533 </DOCNO>
Global analysis of Solar neutrino oscillation evidence including SNO and


  An updated analysis of all available neutrino oscillation evidence in Solar
experiments including the latest $SNO$ data is presented. Predictions for total
rates and day-night asymmetry in Borexino are calculated. Our analysis features
the use of exhaustive computation of the neutrino oscillation probabilities and
the use of an improved statistical $\chi^2$ minimization.
  In the framework of two neutrino oscillations we conclude that the best fit
to the data is obtained in the LMA region with parameters $(\Delta m^2,
\tan^2\theta) = (5.2 \times 10^{-5} \eV^2, 0.47)$, ($\chi^2_{min}/n=0.82$,
$n=38$ degrees of freedom). Although less favored, solutions in the LOW and VAC
regions are still possible with a reasonable statistical significance. The best
possible solution in the SMA region gets as maximum a statistical significance
as low as $\sim 3%$.
  We study the implications of these results for the prospects of Borexino and
the possibility of discriminating between the different solutions. The expected
normalized Borexino signal is 0.62 at the best fit LMA solution while the DN
asymmetry is negligible (approximately $10^{-5}$). In the LOW region the signal
is in the range $\sim 0.6-0.7$ at 90% confidence level while the asymmetry is
$\simeq 1-20%$. As a consequence, the combined Borexino measurements of the
total event rate with a error below $\pm 5-10%$ and day-night total rate
asymmetry with a precision comparable to the one of SuperKamiokande, will have
a strong chance of distinguishing or at least strongly favoring one of the
Solar neutrino solutions provided by present data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128755 </DOCNO>
Non-thermal X-ray Emission: An Alternative to Cluster Cooling Flows?


  We report the results of experiments aimed at reducing the major problem with
cooling flow models of rich cluster X-ray sources: the fact that most of the
cooled gas or its products have not been found. Here we show that much of the
X-ray emission usually attributed to cooling flows can, in fact, be modeled by
a power-law component which is indicative of a source(s) other than thermal
bremsstrahlung from the intracluster medium. We find that adequate simultaneous
fits to ROSAT PSPCB and ASCA GIS/SIS spectra of the central regions of ten
clusters are obtained for two-component models that include a thermal plasma
component that is attributable to hot intracluster gas and a power-law
component that is likely generated by compact sources and/or extended
non-thermal emission. For five of the clusters that purportedly have massive
cooling flows, the best-fit models have power-law components that contribute
$\sim$ 30 % of the total flux (0.14 - 10.0 keV) within the central 3
arcminutes. Because cooling flow mass deposition rates are inferred from X-ray
fluxes, our finding opens the possibility of significantly reducing cooling
rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128017 </DOCNO>
The Origin of Cosmic Rays and the Diffuse Galactic Gamma-Ray Emission


  Cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas and photons produce diffuse
gamma-ray emission. In this talk we will review the current understanding of
this diffuse emission and its relationship to the problem of the origin of
cosmic rays. We will discuss the open issues and what progress might be
possible with GLAST, which is planned for launch in 2006.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4141 </DOCNO>
Effect of Nyquist Noise on the Nyquist Dephasing Rate in 2d Electron


  We measure the effect of externally applied broadband Nyquist noise on the
intrinsic Nyquist dephasing rate of electrons in a two-dimensional electron gas
at low temperatures. Within the measurement error, the phase coherence time is
unaffected by the externally applied Nyquist noise, including applied noise
temperatures of up to 300 K. The amplitude of the applied Nyquist noise from
100 MHz to 10 GHz is quantitatively determined in the same experiment using a
microwave network analyzer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3564 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics of typical set decoding


  The performance of ``typical set (pairs) decoding'' for ensembles of
Gallager's linear code is investigated using statistical physics. In this
decoding, error happens when the information transmission is corrupted by an
untypical noise or two or more typical sequences satisfy the parity check
equation provided by the received codeword for which a typical noise is added.
We show that the average error rate for the latter case over a given code
ensemble can be tightly evaluated using the replica method, including the
sensitivity to the message length. Our approach generally improves the existing
analysis known in information theory community, which was reintroduced by
MacKay (1999) and believed as most accurate to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129345 </DOCNO>
Explaining the Lyman-alpha forest


  It is shown that many properties of Ly-alpha forest absorbers can be derived
using simple physical arguments. Analytical expressions are derived for the
density and the size of an absorber as a function of its neutral hydrogen
column density, which agree well with both observations and hydrodynamical
simulations. An expression is presented to compute Omega_IGM from the observed
column density distribution, independent of the overall shape of the absorbers.
Application to the observed column density distribution shows that at high
redshift most of the baryons are in the forest and suggests a simple
interpretation for its shape and evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74541 </DOCNO>
Photo-production of Nucleon Resonances and Nucleon Spin Structure


  The photo-production of nucleon resonances is calculated based on a chiral
constituent quark model including both relativistic corrections H{rel} and
two-body exchange currents, and it is shown that these effects play an
important role. We also calculate the first moment of the nucleon spin
structure function g1 (x,Q^2) in the resonance region, and obtain a
sign-changing point around Q^2 ~ 0.27 {GeV}^2 for the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4900 </DOCNO>
Non-exclusion statistics: a generalization of Bose-Einstein's principle


  By constructing the super-particle representation of the free boson gas, we
propose a new statistics in which the particles are non-exclusive. This
statistics can be considered as a generalization of Bose-Einstein's. The
possible condensation of this statistical system is studied. It is found that
the chemical potential below the condensation temperature is linearly
proportional to the temperature rather than a constant. With an proper choice
of the exclusion factors $\gamma_l$, Hadane-Wu's fractional statistics is
retrieved in this representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6217 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Peculiar Scaling of Self-Avoiding Walk Contacts"


  We demonstrate that the recently proposed Interacting Growth Walk
(cond-mat/0108097) does not have the contact-scaling behaviour of Self-Avoiding
Walk (M. Baiesi, E. Orlandini and A. L. Stella, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 070602
(2001)) at finite temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72424 </DOCNO>
Total gamma-gamma and gamma*-gamma* Cross Sections Measured at LEP


  Recent results on total cross-section measurements in gamma-gamma and
gamma*-gamma* collisions at LEP are reported. Phenomenological fits to the data
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125050 </DOCNO>
Density Contrast-Peculiar Velocity Relation in the Newtonian Gauge


  In general relativistic framework of the large scale structure formation
theory in the universe, we investigate the relation between density contrast
and peculiar velocity in the Newtonian gauge. According to the gauge-invariant
property of the energy-momentum tensor in the Newtonian gauge, we consider the
perturbation of velocity in the energy-momentum tensor behaves as the
Newtonian peculiar velocity. It is shown that in the relativistic framework,
the relation between peculiar velocity and density contrast has an extra
correction term with respect to the Newtonian Peebles formula which in small
scales, can be ignorable . The relativistic correction of peculiar velocity for
the structures with the extension of few hundred mega parsec is about few
percent which is smaller than the accuracy of the recent observations for
measuring peculiar velocity. The peculiar velocity in the general relativistic
framework also changes the contribution of Doppler effect on the anisotropy of
CMB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150049 </DOCNO>
The Heterotic Enhancon


  The enhancon mechanism is studied in the heterotic string theory. We consider
the N_L=0 winding strings with momentum (NS1-W*) and the Kaluza-Klein dyons
(KK5-NS5*). The NS1-W* and KK5-NS5* systems are dualized to the D4-D0* and
D6-D2* systems, respectively, under the d=6 heterotic/IIA S-duality. The
heterotic form has a number of advantages over the type IIA form. We study
these backgrounds and obtain the enhancon radii by brane probe analysis. The
results are consistent with S-duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126805 </DOCNO>
A Limit on the Large Angular Scale Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave


  We present an upper limit on the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave
Background at 7 degree angular scales in the frequency band between 26 and 36
GHz, produced by the POLAR experiment. The campaign produced a map of linear
polarization over the R.A. range 112 degrees - 275 degrees at declination
43degrees. The model-independent upper limit on the E-mode polarization
component of the CMB at angular scales l = 2 - 20 is 10 microKelvin (95%
confidence). The corresponding limit for the B-mode is also 10 microKelvin.
Constraining the B-mode power to be zero, the 95% confidence limit on E-mode
power alone is 8 microKelvin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3083 </DOCNO>
Geometric frustration and magnetization plateaus in quantum spin and


  We study XXZ Heisenberg models on frustrated triangular lattices wrapped
around a cylinder. In addition to having interesting magnetic phases, these
models are equivalent to Bose-Hubbard models that describe the physical problem
of adsorption of noble gases on the surface of carbon nanotubes. We find
analytical results for the possible magnetization plateau values as a function
of the wrapping vectors of the cylinder, which in general introduce extra
geometric frustration besides the one due to the underlying triangular lattice.
We show that for particular wrapping vectors $(N,0)$, which correspond to the
zig-zag nanotubes, there is a macroscopically degenerate ground state in the
classical Ising limit. The Hilbert space for the degenerate states can be
enumerated by a mapping first into a path in a square lattice wrapped around a
cylinder (a Bratteli diagram), and then to free fermions interacting with a
single ${\bf Z}_N$ degree of freedom. From this model we obtain the spectrum in
the anisotropic Heisenberg limit, showing that it is gapless. The continuum
limit is a $c=1$ conformal field theory with compactification radius $R=N$ set
by the physical tube radius. We show that the compactification radius
quantization is exact in the projective $J_\perp/J_z \ll 1$ limit, and that
higher order corrections reduce the value of $R$. The particular case of a
$(N=2,0)$ tube, which corresponds to a 2-leg ladder with cross links, is
studied separately and shown to be gapped because the fermion mapped problem
contains superconducting pairing terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179112 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Coulomb corrections to e^+e^- production in


  The qualitative difference in the use of retarded and Feynman amplitudes as
demonstrated in nucl-th/0101024 had been wrongly considered in this comment.
The concept of the breakdown of crossing symmetry is not effective in the case
considered in the adressed article. The technical aspects of the evaluation of
higher-order corrections which were adressed in the original comment and their
applicability to the total inclusive cross section have been clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179132 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Nuclear Matter from Extended Brueckner-Hartree-Fock Approach


  The properties of isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter have been investigated in
the framework of the extended Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approximation at zero
temperature. Self-consistent calculations using the Argonne $V_{14}$
interaction are reported for several asymmetry parameters $\beta = \frac{N -
Z}{A}$ ranging from symmetric nuclear matter to pure neutron matter. The
binding energy per nucleon fulfills the $\beta^2$ law in the whole asymmetry
range. The symmetry energy is calculated for different densities and discussed
in comparison with other predictions. At the saturation point it is in fairly
good agreement with the empirical value. The present approximation, based on
the Landau definition of quasiparticle energy, is investigated in terms of the
Hugenholtz-Van Hove theorem, which is proved to be fulfilled with a good
accuracy at various asymmetries. The isospin dependence of the single-particle
properties is discussed, including mean field, effective mass, and mean free
path of neutrons and protons. The isospin effects in nuclear physics and
nuclear astrophysics are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123709 </DOCNO>
The low-mass IMF - deep star counts in the dSph galaxy Ursa Minor


  We present a new study of deep star counts in the Local Group dwarf
spheroidal (dSph) in Ursa Minor. Both the luminosity function (LF) and the
colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) of the unevolved stars are compared with the LF
and CMD of the old, metal-poor globular cluster M92. The main sequence
locations and turn-offs are identical within the errors. Since we know from the
brighter evolved stars that the metallicities for these two disparate systems
are the same this implies that they also have equal ages. A direct comparison
of faint LFs is then equivalent to comparison of the low-mass stellar Initial
Mass Functions (IMF). We find that their LFs are identical within the
mass-range covered (~0.35 - 0.8 M_sun). The Ursa Minor dSph has one of the
highest apparent M/L ratios known in the Local Group, and is an extremely low
surface brightness external galaxy. M92 is a typical high surface brightness
globular cluster, with no apparent dark matter. These results lead to the
conclusion that the low-mass stellar IMF in systems that formed at high
redshift is independent of environment. Indeed, it is consistent with the
low-mass IMF in star-forming regions today.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74194 </DOCNO>
A Possibility to Measure CP-Violating Effects in the Decay $K \to


  It is argued that a precise measurement of the transverse component of the
muon spin in the decay $K \to \mu\nu\gamma$ makes it possible to obtain more
stringent limits on CP-violating parameters of the leptoquark, SUSY and
left-right symmetric models. The results of the calculations of the CP-even
transverse component of the muon spin in the decay $K \to \mu\nu\gamma$ due to
the final-state electromagnetic interactions are presented. The weighted
average of the transverse component of the muon spin comprises $2.3 \times
10^{-4}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76820 </DOCNO>
Chiral extrapolation of lattice data for the hyperfine splittings of


  Hyperfine splittings between the heavy vector (D*, B*) and pseudoscalar (D,
B) mesons have been calculated numerically in lattice QCD, where the pion mass
(which is related to the light quark mass) is much larger than its physical
value. Naive linear chiral extrapolations of the lattice data to the physical
mass of the pion lead to hyperfine splittings which are smaller than
experimental data. In order to extrapolate these lattice data to the physical
mass of the pion more reasonably, we apply the effective chiral perturbation
theory for heavy mesons, which is invariant under chiral symmetry when the
light quark masses go to zero and heavy quark symmetry when the heavy quark
masses go to infinity. This leads to a phenomenological functional form with
three parameters to extrapolate the lattice data. It is found that the
extrapolated hyperfine splittings are even smaller than those obtained using
linear extrapolation. We conclude that the source of the discrepancy between
lattice data for hyperfine splittings and experiment must lie in non-chiral
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2605 </DOCNO>
Large-N theory of strongly commensurate dirty-bosons: absence of


  The spherical limit of strongly commensurate dirty-bosons is studied
perturbatively at weak disorder and numerically at strong disorder in two
dimensions (2D). We argue that disorder is not perfectly screened by
interactions, and consequently that the ground state in the effective Anderson
localisation problem always remains localised. As a result there is only a
gapped Mott insulator phase in the theory. Comparisons with other studies and
the parallel with disordered fermions in 2D are discussed. We conjecture that
while for the physical cases N=2 (XY) and N=1 (Ising) the theory should have
the ordered phase, it may not for N=3 (Heisenberg).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1688 </DOCNO>
Solar neutrinos: global analysis and implications for SNO


  We present a global analysis of all the available solar neutrino data
treating consistently the 8B and hep neutrino fluxes as free parameters. The
analysis reveals at 99.7% C.L. eight currently-allowed discrete regions in
two-neutrino oscillation space, five regions corresponding to active neutrinos
and three corresponding to sterile neutrinos. Most of the allowed solutions are
robust with respect to changes in the analysis procedure, but the traditional
vacuum solution is fragile. The globally-permitted range of the 8B neutrino
flux, 0.45 to 1.95 in units of the BP2000 flux, is comparable to the 3 sigma
range allowed by the standard solar model. We discuss the implications for SNO
of a low mass, Delta m^2 ~ 6 times 10^{-12} eV^2, vacuum oscillation solution,
previously found by Raghavan, and by Krastev and Petcov, but absent in recent
analyses that included Super-Kamiokande data. For the SNO experiment, we
present refined predictions for the charged-current rate and the ratio of the
neutral-current rate to charged-current rate. The predicted charged-current
rate can be clearly distinguished from the no-oscillation rate only for the LMA
solution. The predicted ratio of the neutral-current rate to charged-current
rate is distinguishable from the no-oscillation ratio for the LMA, SMA, LOW,
and VAC solutions for active neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72792 </DOCNO>
A nonsupersymmetric resolution of the anomalous muon magnetic moment


  The recent result from the E821 experiment at BNL on the anomalous magnetic
moment of the muon shows a distinct discrepancy with the Standard Model
predictions. We calculate the additional correction that the anomalous magnetic
moment receives in a model with scalar leptoquarks. We find that such models
can account for the deviation from the SM value even for small leptoquark
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169368 </DOCNO>
Secure communication with a publicly known key


  We present a scheme for direct and confidential communication between Alice
and Bob, where there is no need for establishing a shared secret key first, and
where the key used by Alice even will become known publicly. The communication
is based on the exchange of single photons and each and every photon transmits
one bit of Alice's message without revealing any information to a potential
eavesdropper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 53 </DOCNO>
Rotational invariance and the Pauli exclusion principle


  In this article, the rotational invariance of entangled quantum states is
investigated as a possible cause of the Pauli exclusion principle. First, it is
shown that a certain class of rotationally invariant states can only occur in
pairs. This will be referred to as the coupling principle. This in turn
suggests a natural classification of quantum systems into those containing
coupled states and those that do not. Surprisingly, it would seem that
Fermi-Dirac statistics follows as a consequence of this coupling while the
Bose-Einstein follows by breaking it. Finally, the experimental evidence to
justify the above classification will be discussed. Pacs: 3.65.Bz, 5.30 d,
12.40.Ee

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74334 </DOCNO>
Resonance estimates of O(p^6) low-energy constants and QCD


  Starting from the study of the low-energy and high-energy behaviours of the
QCD three-point functions <VAP>, <VVP> and <AAP>, several O(p^6) low-energy
constants of the chiral Lagrangian are evaluated within the framework of the
lowest meson dominance (LMD) approximation to the large-N_C limit of QCD. In
certain cases, values that differ substantially from estimates based on a
resonance Lagrangian are obtained. It is pointed out that the differences arise
through the fact that QCD short-distance constraints are in general not
correctly taken into account in the approaches using resonance Lagrangians. We
discuss the implications of our results for the O(p^6) counterterm
contributions to the vector form factor of the pion and to the decay \pi -> e
\nu_e \gamma, and for the pion-photon-photon transition form factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149880 </DOCNO>
Topologically massive gauge theories from first order theories in


  We thereby prove that a large class of topologically massive theories of the
Cremmer-Scherk-Kalb-Ramond-type in any $d$ dimensions corresponds to gauge
non-invariant first-order theories that can be interpreted as self-dual models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6431 </DOCNO>
Dynamical properties of liquid Al near melting. An orbital-free


  The static and dynamic structure of liquid Al is studied using the orbital
free ab-initio molecular dynamics method. Two thermodynamic states along the
coexistence line are considered, namely T = 943 K and 1323 K for which X-ray
and neutron scattering data are available. A new kinetic energy functional,
which fulfills a number of physically relevant conditions is employed, along
with a local first principles pseudopotential. In addition to a comparison with
experiment, we also compare our ab-initio results with those obtained from
conventional molecular dynamics simulations using effective interionic pair
potentials derived from second order pseudopotential perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126938 </DOCNO>
Novel Ways to Probe the Universe with Gamma-Ray Bursts and Quasars


  I consider novel ways by which Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and quasars can be
used to probe the universe. Clues about how and when was the intergalactic
medium ionized can be read off the UV emission spectrum of GRB explosions from
the first generation of stars. The existence of intergalactic and galactic
stars can be inferred from their gravitational microlensing effect on GRB
afterglows. Prior to reionization, quasars should be surrounded by a halo of
scattered Lyman-alpha radiation which probes the neutral intergalactic medium
(IGM) around them. The situation is analogous to the appearance of a halo of
scattered light around a street lamp which is embedded in a dense fog. Outflows
from quasars magnetize the IGM at all redshifts. As a result, the shocks
produced by converging flows during the formation of large scale structure in
the IGM, accelerate electrons to relativistic energies and become visible in
the radio regime through their synchrotron emission and in the gamma-ray regime
through their inverse-Compton scattering of the microwave background photons.
During transient episodes of strong mergers, X-ray clusters should therefore
appear as extended radio or gamma-ray sources on the sky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3393 </DOCNO>
Reduced symmetry of heterointerfaces and orientational pinning of


  In a 2D electron system in (001) GaAs/AlGaAs upon filling high Landau levels,
it was recently observed a new class of collective states, which are recognized
now to relate to the spontaneous formation of a charge density wave (``stripe
phase''). Here we analyze one of the possible mechanisms of the stripe pinning
along the crystallographic direction [110]---the native effective mass
anisotropy of 2D electrons. It is shown that for a symmetric quantum well this
anisotropy is a linear function of applied perpendicular-to-plane electric
field. So, if it is the anisotropy that defines the direction of the stripes,
the critical in-plane magnetic field, when the stripes rotate, will strongly
depend on the bias. The proper experiment will answer the question whether the
native anisotropy of the effective mass is the mechanism of the pinning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98473 </DOCNO>
Purely affine elementary su(N) fusions


  We consider three-point couplings in simple Lie algebras -- singlets in
triple tensor products of their integrable highest weight representations. A
coupling can be expressed as a linear combination of products of finitely many
elementary couplings. This carries over to affine fusion, the fusion of
Wess-Zumino-Witten conformal field theories, where the expressions are in terms
of elementary fusions. In the case of su(4) it has been observed that there is
a purely affine elementary fusion, i.e., an elementary fusion that is not an
elementary coupling. In this note we show by construction that there is at
least one purely affine elementary fusion associated to every su(N>3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7509 </DOCNO>
Boundary of two mixed Bose-Einstein condensates


  The boundary of two mixed Bose-Einstein condensates interacting repulsively
was considered in the case of spatial separation at zero temperature.
Analytical expressions for density distribution of condensates were obtained by
solving two coupled nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equations in cases corresponding
weak and strong separation. These expressions allow to consider excitation
spectrum of a particle confined in the vicinity of the boundary as well as
surface waves associated with surface tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1301 </DOCNO>
An adaptive inelastic magnetic mirror for Bose-Einstein condensates


  We report the reflection and focussing of a Bose-Einstein condensate by a new
pulsed magnetic mirror. The mirror is adaptive, inelastic, and of extremely
high optical quality. The deviations from specularity are less than 0.5 mrad
rms, making this the best atomic mirror demonstrated to date. We have also used
the mirror to realize the analog of a beam-expander, producing an ultra-cold
collimated fountain of matter waves

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6142 </DOCNO>
The dynamics of sodium in sodium disilicate: Channel relaxation and


  We use molecular dynamics computer simulations to study the dynamics of
amorphous (Na_2O)2(SiO_2). We find that the Na ions move in channels embedded
in a SiO_2 matrix. The characteristic distance between these channels gives
rise to a prepeak in the structure factor at around q=0.95 A^-1. The dynamics
of sodium is given by a fast process which can be seen in the incoherent
scattering function and a slow process which is seen in the coherent function.
The relaxation time of the latter coincides with the alpha-relaxation time of
the matrix. The Kohlrausch exponent of the fast process for q>1.6 A^1 is the
same as the von Schweidler exponent for the slow one, demonstrating that the
two processes are closely related.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124353 </DOCNO>
A Molecular Tidal Tail in the Medusa Minor Merger


  We have detected CO 1-0 emission along the tidal tail of the NGC 4194 (the
Medusa) merger. It is the first CO detection in the optical tail of a minor
merger. Emission is detected both in the centre of the tail and at its tip. The
molecular mass in the 33'' Onsala 20m beam is estimated to be >= 8.5 x 10^7
M_{sun} which is at least 4% of the total molecular mass measured so far in
this system. We suggest that the emission is a molecular tidal tail which is
part of the extended structure of the main body, and that the molecular gas was
thrown out by the collision instead of having formed in situ from condensing
atomic material. We find it unlikely that the emission is associated with a
tidal dwarf galaxy (even if the future formation of such an object is
possible), but high resolution HI, CO and optical observations are necessary to
resolve the issue. The Medusa is very likely the result of an elliptical+spiral
collison and our detection supports the notion that molecular gas in minor
mergers can be found at great distances from the merger centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41561 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations Experiments using Off-axis NuMI Beam


  NuMI neutrino beam is constructed to aim at the MINOS detector in Soudan
mine. Neutrinos emitted at angles $10-20 mrad$ with respect to the beam axis
create an intense beam with a well defined energy, dependent on the angle.
Additional surface detectors positioned at the transverse distance of several
kilometers from the mine offer an opportunity for very precise mesurements of
the neutrino oscillation parameters. The mixing matrix element $|U_{e3}|^{2}$
can be measured down to a value of 0.0025 with the exposure of the order of $20
kton\times years$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2530 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle trapping problem in the half-line


  A variation of Rosenstock's trapping model in which $N$ independent random
walkers are all initially placed upon a site of a one-dimensional lattice in
the presence of a {\em one-sided} random distribution (with probability $c$) of
absorbing traps is investigated. The probability (survival probability)
$\Phi_N(t)$ that no random walker is trapped by time $t$ for $N \gg 1$ is
calculated by using the extended Rosenstock approximation. This requires the
evaluation of the moments of the number $S_N(t)$ of distinct sites visited in a
{\em given} direction up to time $t$ by $N$ independent random walkers. The
Rosenstock approximation improves when $N$ increases, working well in the range
$Dt\ln^2(1-c) \ll \ln N$, $D$ being the diffusion constant. The moments of the
time (lifetime) before any trapping event occurs are calculated asymptotically,
too. The agreement with numerical results is excellent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96260 </DOCNO>
An Index Theorem for Toeplitz Operators on Odd Dimensional Manifolds


  We establish an index theorem for Toeplitz operators on odd dimensional spin
manifolds with boundary. It may be thought of as an odd dimensional analogue of
the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem for Dirac operators on manifolds with
boundary. In particular, there occurs naturally an $\eta$-invariant of
cylinders which should be of independent interests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124866 </DOCNO>
The Environmental Dependence of the Infrared Luminosity and Stellar Mass


  We investigate the dependence of the galaxy infrared luminosity function (LF)
and the associated stellar mass function (SMF) on environment and spectral type
using photometry from the Two Micron All Sky Survey and redshifts from the Las
Campanas Redshift Survey for galaxies brighter than M_J<-19+5 log h. In the
field environment, galaxies with emission lines have LFs with much steeper
faint end slopes (alpha_J=-1.39) than galaxies without emission lines
(alpha_J=-0.59). In the cluster environment, however, even the non-emission
line galaxies have a steep faint-end LF (alpha_J=-1.22). There is also a
significant (95%) difference between the overall cluster and field LFs, $\Delta
\alpha_J=-0.34, \Delta M_J^\ast=-0.54$. All of these variations are more
pronounced in the SMFs, which we compute by relating the strength of the 4000 A
break in the optical spectra to a mass-to-light ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149651 </DOCNO>
Duality symmetric massive type II theories in D=8 and D=6


  We study $T^2$ compactification of massive type IIA supergravity in presence
of possible Ramond-Ramond (RR) background fluxes. The resulting theory in D=8
is shown to possess full $SL(2,R)\times SL(2,R)$ T-duality symmetry similar to
the massless case. It is shown that elements of duality symmetry interpolate
between massive type IIA compactified on $T^2$ and ordinary type IIA
compactified on $T^2$ with RR 2-form flux. We also discuss relationship between
M-theory vacua and massive type IIA vacua. The D8-brane is found to correspond
to M-theory `pure gravity' solution which is a direct product of 7-dimensional
Minkowski space and a 4-dimensional instanton. We also construct D6-D8 bound
state which preserves 1/2 supersymmetries. We then discuss massive IIA
compactification on $T^4$ and point out that when all possible RR fluxes on
$T^4$ are turned on the six-dimensional theory appears to assume a nice SO(4,4)
invariant form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128252 </DOCNO>
Abundances and Kinematics of Field Stars II: Kinematics and Abundance


  As an investigation of the origin of ``$\alpha$-poor'' halo stars, we analyze
kinematic and abundance data for 73 intermediate metallicity stars ($-1 >$
[Fe/H] $\geq -2$) selected from Paper I of this series. We find evidence for a
connection between the kinematics and the enhancement of certain
element-to-iron ([X/Fe]) ratios in these stars. Statistically significant
correlations were found between [X/Fe] and galactic rest-frame velocities
(\vrf{}) for Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Ni, with marginally significant
correlations existing for Ti and Y as well. We also find that the [X/Fe] ratios
for these elements all correlate with a similar level of significance with
[Na/Fe]. Finally, we compare the abundances of these halo stars against those
of stars in nearby dSph galaxies. We find significant differences between the
abundance ratios in the dSph stars and halo stars of similar metallicity. From
this result, it is unlikely that the halo stars in the solar neighborhood,
including even the ``$\alpha$-poor'' stars, were once members of disrupted dSph
galaxies similar to those studied to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76871 </DOCNO>
Natural units, numbers and numerical clusters


  Defined by Lord Kelvin as the science of measurement it is described a
fundamental fact of physics. The so called `natural' units represent the unique
system of units conveniently used in the realm of High Energy Physics. The
system of natural units is defined by the consistent providing of the
adimensional unit value to the velocity c of the eletromagnetic radiation in
the vacuum, related to the Maxwell classical electromagnetic theory and to the
special relativity theory, to the reduced Planck constant
$\hbar\equiv\frac{h}{2\pi}$ having the dimension of action, which is the
fundamental constant of the quantum mechanics as well as to the Boltzmann
constant $k_B$ which has the dimension of heat capacity, being the fundamental
constant associated to the statistical mechanics, $c=\hbar = k_B = 1$. Such
prescription is mandatory as we investigate the ultimate constituents of matter
and their dynamics, since the atoms, leptons and quarks up to the grand
unification, strings, superstrings, and the supergravity theories, as well as
the total unification of the interactions in the M-theory. The one-dimensional
character of this phenomenology is totally featured by the use of the natural
units, reflecting the fact that in order to be possible the investigation of
the fundamental constituents of matter it is being necessary the resolution of
lengths of the order of $10^{-16} cm$ or to reach energies of the order of at
least 1 TeV. The application of this system of natural units results
exceptionally adequate in the description of the Universe since the Planck
scale, up to the Hubble large scale expanding Universe, resulting in the
curious formation of the regular numerical clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149669 </DOCNO>
Mother Moose: Generating Extra Dimensions from Simple Groups at Large N


  We show that there exists a correspondence between four dimensional gauge
theories with simple groups and higher dimensional gauge theories at large N.
As an example, we show that a four dimensional {N}=2 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge
theory, on the Higgs branch, has the same correlators as a five dimensional
SU(N) gauge theory in the limit of large N provided the couplings are
appropriately rescaled. We show that our results can be applied to the AdS/CFT
correspondence to derive correlators of five or more dimensional gauge theories
from solutions of five dimensional supergravity in the large t'Hooft coupling
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97303 </DOCNO>
The relationship between skew group algebras and orbifold theory


  Let V be a simple vertex operator algebra and let G be a finite automorphism
group of V. In [DY], it was shown that any irreducible V-module is a completely
reducible V^G-module where V^G is the G-invariant sub-vertex operator algebra
of V. In this paper, we give an alternative proof of this fact using the theory
of skew group algebras. We also extend this result to any irreducible g-twisted
V-module when g is in the center of G and V is a g-rational vertex operator
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149466 </DOCNO>
Quiver Theories from D6-branes via Mirror Symmetry


  We study N=1 four dimensional quiver theories arising on the worldvolume of
D3-branes at del Pezzo singularities of Calabi-Yau threefolds. We argue that
under local mirror symmetry D3-branes become D6-branes wrapped on a three torus
in the mirror manifold. The type IIB (p,q) 5-brane web description of the local
del Pezzo, being closely related to the geometry of its mirror manifold,
encodes the geometry of 3-cycles and is used to obtain gauge groups, quiver
diagrams and the charges of the fractional branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127609 </DOCNO>
The Dyer-Roeder distance-redshift relation in inhomogeneous universes


  Using Monte-Carlo methods, we determine the best-fit value of the homogeneity
parameter alpha in the Dyer-Roeder distance-redshift relation for a variety of
redshifts, inhomogeneity models and cosmological parameter values. The relation
between alpha and the fraction of compact objects, f_p, is found to be
approximately linear. This relation can be parametrized with reasonable
accuracy for all cases treated in this paper by alpha = a*f_p, where a = 0.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95646 </DOCNO>
A Unifying Field in Logics: Neutrosophic Logic


  In this book one makes an introduction to non-standard analysis in the first
part, needed to the next four chapters in order to study the neutrosophics:
    1. Neutrosophy - a new branch of philosophy.
    2. Neutrosophic Logic - a unifying field in logics.
    3. Neutrosophic Set - a unifying field in sets.
    4. Neutrosophic Probability - a generalization of classical and imprecise
probabilities - and Neutrosophic Statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150106 </DOCNO>
Relativity, Causality, Locality, Quantization and Duality in the


  We analyze properties of the Sp(2M) conformally invariant field equations in
the recently proposed generalized $\half M(M+1)$-dimensional space-time $\M_M$
with matrix coordinates. It is shown that classical solutions of these field
equations define a causal structure in $\M_M$ and admit a well-defined
decomposition into positive and negative frequency solutions that allows
consistent quantization in a positive definite Hilbert space. The effect of
constraints on the localizability of fields in the generalized space-time is
analyzed. Usual d-dimensional Minkowski space-time is identified with the
subspace of the matrix space $\M_M$ that allows true localization of the
dynamical fields. Minkowski coordinates are argued to be associated with some
Clifford algebra in the matrix space $\M_M$. The dynamics of a conformal scalar
and spinor in $\M_2$ and $\M_4$ is shown to be equivalent, respectively, to the
usual conformal field dynamics of a scalar and spinor in the 3d Minkowski
space-time and the dynamics of massless fields of all spins in the 4d Minkowski
space-time. An extension of the electro-magnetic duality transformations to all
spins is identified with a particular generalized Lorentz transformation in
$\M_4$. The M=8 case is shown to correspond to a 6d chiral higher spin theory.
The cases of M=16 (d=10) and M=32 (d=11) are discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2913 </DOCNO>
Neutron Diffraction Study of the Irreversible R-MA-MC Phase Transition


  Single crystals of the relaxor PZN-xPT display an enormously strong
piezoelectric character. Recent x-ray scattering studies have revealed novel
electric-field induced phase transitions in PZN-8%PT. As-grown crystals exhibit
a rhombohedral structure that, under application of an electric field oriented
along [001], transforms into a monoclinic (MA) phase, and then irreversibly to
another monoclinic (MC) phase with increasing field strength. Since the latter
phase change is very unusual, its transition sequence has been investigated by
using triple-axis neutron scattering techniques so that the ``skin effect''
observed by x-ray scattering can be avoided, and the entire crystal bulk is
probed. Contour maps of the elastic scattering have been mapped out in each
phase in the (HOL) zone with high q-resolution. Increasing the field strength
within the MC phase induces a sharp c-axis jump around 15 kV/cm. This jump was
observed easily with x-rays in previous studies, but it was not observed in 5
different crystals examined with neutrons. A subsequent high-energy x-ray study
of the same crystals showed that the c-axis jump is distributed within the
crystal volume, thereby washing out the jump. The observed R-MA-MC
transformational path is in perfect accord with very recent first principles
calculations by Bellaiche, Garcia, and Vanderbilt in the PZT system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148429 </DOCNO>
Strong-weak coupling duality in anisotropic current interactions


  The recently proposed all orders beta function is further investigated. By
using a strong-weak coupling duality of the beta function, and some added
topology of the space of couplings we are able to extend the flows to
arbitrarily large or small scales. Using a non-trivial RG invariant we are able
to identify sine-Gordon, sinh-Gordon and Kosterlitz-Thouless phases. We also
find an additional phase with cyclic or roaming RG trajectories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2759 </DOCNO>
Svortices and the fundamental modes of the "snake instability":


  The connection between quantized vortices and dark solitons in a long and
thin, waveguide-like trap geometry is explored in the framework of the
non-linear Schr\"odinger equation. Variation of the transverse confinement
leads from the quasi-1D regime where solitons are stable to 2D (or 3D)
confinement where soliton stripes are subject to a transverse modulational
instability known as the ``snake instability''. We present numerical evidence
of a regime of intermediate confinement where solitons decay into single,
deformed vortices with solitonic properties, also called svortices, rather than
vortex pairs as associated with the ``snake'' metaphor. Further relaxing the
transverse confinement leads to production of 2 and then 3 vortices, which
correlates perfectly with a Bogoliubov-de Gennes stability analysis. The decay
of a stationary dark soliton (or, planar node) into a single svortex is
predicted to be experimentally observable in a 3D harmonically confined dilute
gas Bose-Einstein condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128926 </DOCNO>
Refined numerical models for multidimensional Type Ia supernova


  Following up on earlier work on this topic (Reinecke et al. 1999, A&A 347,
pp. 724 and 739), we present an improved set of numerical models for
simulations of white dwarfs exploding as Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia).
Two-dimensional simulations were used to test the reliability and numerical
robustness of these algorithms; the results indicate that integral quantities
like the total energy release are insensitive to changes of the grid resolution
(above a certain threshold), which was not the case for our former code.
  The models were further enhanced to allow fully three-dimensional simulations
of SNe Ia. A direct comparison of a 2D and a 3D calculation with identical
initial conditions shows that the explosion is considerably more energetic in
three dimensions; this is most likely caused by the assumption of axisymmetry
in 2D, which inhibits the growth of flame instabilities in the azimuthal
direction and thereby decreases the flame surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128030 </DOCNO>
Relic Black Holes In Galactic Nuclei


  We discuss the link between the observations of distant quasars and those of
massive dark objects in the cores of many local galaxies. We show how the
formation of early black holes gives rise to the luminosity function of high z
quasars, while it imprints into their dark local relics a related shape of the
mass-dispersion correlation. We propose that in its lower section the
correlation slope will tell the (otherwise uncertain) strenght of the feedback
effect from the quasar radiation on the host galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72980 </DOCNO>
Explicit Derivation of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Relation of the


  Motivated by a recent work by Terashima (Phys. Rev. D60 084001), we revisit
the fluctuation-dissipation (FD) relation between the dissipative coefficient
of a detector and the vacuum noise of fields in curved spacetime. In an
explicit manner we show that the dissipative coefficient obtained from
classical equations of motion of the detector and the scalar (or Dirac) field
satisfies the FD relation associated with the vacuum noise of the field, which
demonstrates that the Terashima's prescription works properly in the
$N$-dimensional de Sitter spacetime. This practice is useful not only to
reconfirm the validity of the use of the retarded Green function to evaluate
the dissipative coefficient from the classical equations of motion but also to
understand why the derivation works properly, which is discussed in connection
with previous investigations on the basis on the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS)
condition. Possible application to black hole spacetime is also briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83676 </DOCNO>
Soft Scheduling


  Classical notions of disjunctive and cumulative scheduling are studied from
the point of view of soft constraint satisfaction. Soft disjunctive scheduling
is introduced as an instance of soft CSP and preferences included in this
problem are applied to generate a lower bound based on existing discrete
capacity resource. Timetabling problems at Purdue University and Faculty of
Informatics at Masaryk University considering individual course requirements of
students demonstrate practical problems which are solved via proposed methods.
Implementation of general preference constraint solver is discussed and first
computational results for timetabling problem are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125401 </DOCNO>
A self-regulated model of galactic spiral structure formation


  The presence of spiral structure in isolated galaxies is a problem that has
only been partially explained by theoretical models. Because the rate and
pattern of star formation in the disk must depend only on mechanisms internal
to the disk, we may think of the spiral galaxy as a self-regulated system far
from equilibrium. This paper uses this idea to look at a reaction-diffusion
model for the formation of spiral structures in certain types of galaxies. In
numerical runs of the model, spiral structure forms and persists over several
revolutions of the disk, but eventually dies out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123661 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in Tidal Dwarf Galaxies


  Tidal Dwarf Galaxies (TDGs) are objects presently forming from gas which has
been expelled from their parent galaxies during an interaction. We observed the
CO emission of a sample of 11 TDGs, of which 8 were detected. The CO is found
at the peak of the HI observations and has the same line velocity and width,
indicating that the molecular gas is forming in situ instead of being torn from
the parent galaxies. The presence of H$\alpha$ emission furthermore shows that
stars are forming from this molecular gas. In order to investigate star
formation in TDGs further, we compared their molecular gas content and star
formation rate (SFR), traced by H$\alpha$, to those of spiral galaxies and
classical dwarfs. The major difference between TDGs and classical dwarfs is the
lower metallicity of the latter. The star formation efficiency (SFR per
molecular gas mass) of TDGs lies in the range typical of spiral galaxies
indicating that star formation is proceeding in a normal fashion from molecular
gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73284 </DOCNO>
The QCD Mixed Phase: Shaken, not Stirred


  Baryon fluctuations exceeding Poisson expectations can signal a nearly first
order phase transition at RHIC. We show how these fluctuations can be measured,
and apply a dissipative-hydrodynamic formulation used in condensed matter
physics to simulate their evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76361 </DOCNO>
Numerical Evaluation of Two-Dimensional Harmonic Polylogarithms


  The two-dimensional harmonic polylogarithms $\G(\vec{a}(z);y)$, a
generalization of the harmonic polylogarithms, themselves a generalization of
Nielsen's polylogarithms, appear in analytic calculations of multi-loop
radiative corrections in quantum field theory. We present an algorithm for the
numerical evaluation of two-dimensional harmonic polylogarithms, with the two
arguments $y,z$ varying in the triangle $0\le y \le 1$, $ 0\le z \le 1$, $\
0\le (y+z) \le 1$. This algorithm is implemented into a {\tt FORTRAN}
subroutine {\tt tdhpl} to compute two-dimensional harmonic polylogarithms up to
weight 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74093 </DOCNO>
A gauge-invariant subtraction technique for non-inclusive observables in


  Using the electromagnetic form factor of a quark as a working example, we
describe a subtraction technique to treat infrared sensitive regions in
non-inclusive processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75341 </DOCNO>
Changing alpha With Time: Implications For Fifth-Force-Type Experiments


  If the recent observations suggesting a time variation of the fine structure
constant are correct, they imply the existence of an ultra light scalar
particle. This particle inevitably couples to nucleons through the
\alpha-dependence of their masses and thus mediates an isotope-dependent
long-range force. The strength of the coupling is within a couple of orders of
magnitude from the existing experimental bounds for such forces. The new force
can be potentially measured in the precision experimental tests of the
equivalence principle. Due to an interesting coincidence of the required
time-scales, the scalar filed in question can at the same time play the role of
a quintessence field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6534 </DOCNO>
Grand canonical ensemble simulation studies of polydisperse fluids


  We describe a Monte Carlo scheme for simulating polydisperse fluids within
the grand canonical ensemble. Given some polydisperse attribute $\sigma$, the
state of the system is described by a density distribution $\rho(\sigma)$ whose
form is controlled by the imposed chemical potential distribution
$\mu(\sigma)$. We detail how histogram extrapolation techniques can be employed
to tune $\mu(\sigma)$ such as to traverse some particular desired path in the
space of $\rho(\sigma)$. The method is applied in simulations of size-disperse
hard spheres with densities distributed according to Schulz and log-normal
forms. In each case, the equation of state is obtained along the dilution line,
i.e. the path along which the scale of $\rho(\sigma)$ changes but not its
shape. The results are compared with the moment-based expressions of Boublik et
al (J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 54}, 1523 (1971)) and Salacuse and Stell (J. Chem.
Phys. {\bf 77}, 3714 (1982)). It is found that for high degrees of
polydispersity, both expressions fail to give a quantitatively accurate
description of the equation of state when the overall volume fraction is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74528 </DOCNO>
Correlations of errors in a CP-violation neutrino factory experiment


  An indirect CP-violation neutrino factory experiment is studied, including
simul taneous correlations of errors of the six oscillation parameters and a
matter ef fect normalisation parameter, C. It is found that for larger values
of $\theta_{13}$ ($3^\circ$), an uncertainty on the matter effect of the order
5% means t hat the optimal baseline for measurement of $\delta$ is reduced from
3000km to 2 000km. When the background fraction is assumed to be $10^{-3}$ the
optimal muon energy is also reduced from 50GeV to around 20GeV. An experiment
with L=2000km, $E_\mu=$20GeV is found to be sensitive to non-zero $\delta$ down
to around $\t heta_{13}\approx0.3^\circ$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168668 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal interactions and quantum dynamics


  The problem is considered of describing the dynamics of quantum systems
generated by a nonlocal in time interaction. It is shown that the use of the
Feynman approach to quantum theory in combination with the canonical approach
allows one to extend quantum dynamics to describe the time evolution in the
case of such interactions. In this way, using only the current concepts of
quantum theory, a generalized equation of motion for state vectors is derived.
In the case, where the fundamental interaction generating the dynamics in a
system is local in time, this equation is equivalent to the Schr{\"o}dinger
equation. Explicit examples are given for an exactly solvable model. The
proposed formalism is shown to provide a new insight into the problem of the
description of nonlocal interactions in quantum field theory. It is shown that
such a property of the equation of motion as nonlocality in time may be
important for describing hadron-hadron interactions at low and intermediate
energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124607 </DOCNO>
Black hole X-ray transients: mass accumulation in the disk - constraints


  The outburst cycles of black hole X-ray transients are now generally
understood as caused by a thermal instability in the accretion disk, the same
mechanism as in dwarf novae outbursts. During quiescence the accretion occurs
via a cool disk in the outer region but changes to a coronal flow/ADAF in the
inner region. The transition to the coronal flow is caused by evaporation of
matter from the cool disk. This process is an important feature for the disk
evolution. We point out that if the disk is depleted during the outburst, e.g.
by irradiation, its evolution during quiescence is independent of the detailed
outburst luminosity decline. The mass accumulation during quiescence has to
meet several constraints as the accretion rate, the recurrence time and the
total outburst energy. We present a critical discussion of different ways to
model X-ray transient outburst cycles and compare with the requirements from
observations. For the case of only little mass left over after the outburst the
observations indicate a frictional parameter in the cool disk of order
alpha(cold) =0.05, similar to that in dwarf nova disks during quiescence, with
no need to resort to much lower alpha values of order 0.005.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77130 </DOCNO>
DGLAP and BFKL evolution equations in the N=4 supersymmetric gauge


  We discuss DGLAP and BFKL evolution equations in the N=4 supersymmetric gauge
theory in the leading and next-to-leading approximations. Eigenvalues of the
BFKL kernel in this model turn out to be analytic functions of the conformal
spin. It allows us to find the residues of the anomalous dimensions of the
twist-2 operators in the points j=1,0,-1, ... from the BFKL equation in an
agreement with their direct calculation from the DGLAP equation. The
holomorphic separability of the BFKL kernel and the integrability of the DGLAP
dynamics in this model are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125817 </DOCNO>
Four Extreme Relic Radio Sources in Clusters of Galaxies


  (Abridged) We describe the results of the highest-resolution radio
observations yet made of four relic radio sources in the Abell clusters A13,
A85, A133 and A4038. Our VLA images at 1.4 GHz with 4" resolution show a
remarkable variety of fine structure in the form of spectacular arcs, wisps,
plumes and loops. Their integrated radio flux densities fall very rapidly with
frequency, with power-law slopes between 2.1 and 4.4 near 1.4 GHz The relics
possess linear polarization levels ranging between 2.3 % (A133) and 35 % (A85);
the higher polarization fractions imply a highly ordered magnetic field in the
fine structure and low differential Faraday rotation in the intervening cluster
gas. The optical identification of host galaxies remains problematic. In A85,
A133 and A4038 the travel times for the brightest cluster galaxies are
significantly longer than the modeled ages of the relics and nearby bright
ellipticals provide a better match. Excess X-ray emission in the 0.5 keV-to-2
keV band was found near the relics in A85 and A133. The surface brightness was
too high to be attributed to the inverse-Compton mechanism alone. We found
excellent fits to the broad-band radio spectra using the anisotropic (KGKP)
model of spectral ageing, and we have extended the model to include diffusion
of particles between regions of different field strength (the Murgia-JP, or
MJP, model). The steep radio spectra imply ages for the relics of ~ 10^8 yr, at
the start of which period their radio luminosities would have been ~ 10^25 W/Hz
at 1.4 GHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128613 </DOCNO>
Numerical convergence of physical variables in hydrodynamical


  Results from hydrodynamical SPH simulations of galaxy clusters are used to
investigate the dependence of the final cluster X-ray properties on the
numerical resolution and the assumed models for the physical gas processes. Two
different spatially flat cosmological models have been considered: a
low-density cold dark matter universe with a vacuum energy density Omega_L=0.7
(LCDM) and a cold+hot dark matter model (CHDM). These simulations first include
radiative cooling and then also conversion of cold gas particles into stars.
When cold gas particles are allowed to convert into stars the final gas
profiles show a well defined core radius and the temperature profiles are
nearly flat. For the most massive test cluster in the LCDM model, these
simulations show a prominent cooling flow in the cluster core. This cluster was
analyzed in detail, running simulations with different star formation methods
and increasing numerical resolution. A comparison between different runs shows
that the results of simulations, based on star formation methods in which gas
conversion into stars is controlled by an efficiency parameter c_star, are
sensitive to the numerical resolution of the simulation. In this respect star
formation methods based instead on a local density threshold, as in Navarro and
White (1993), are shown to give more stable results. Final X-ray luminosities
are found to be numerically stable, with uncertainties of a factor two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81080 </DOCNO>
Topological Susceptibility of Yang-Mills Center Projection Vortices


  The topological susceptibility induced by center projection vortices
extracted from SU(2) lattice Yang-Mills configurations via the maximal center
gauge is measured. Two different smoothing procedures, designed to eliminate
spurious ultraviolet fluctuations of these vortices before evaluating the
topological charge, are explored. They result in consistent estimates of the
topological susceptibility carried by the physical thick vortices
characterizing the Yang-Mills vacuum in the vortex picture. This susceptibility
is comparable to the one obtained from the full lattice Yang-Mills
configurations. The topological properties of the SU(2) Yang-Mills vacuum can
thus be accounted for in terms of its vortex content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96287 </DOCNO>
Non-contractible periodic trajectories of symplectic vector fields,


  For a closed symplectic manifold $(M,\omega)$, a compatible almost complex
structure $J$, a 1-periodic time dependent symplectic vector field $Z$ and a
homotopy class of closed curves $\gamma$ we define a Floer complex based on
1-periodic trajectories of $Z$ in the homotopy class $\gamma$. We suppose that
the closed 1-form $i_{Z_t}\omega$ represents a cohomology class
$\beta(Z):=\beta$, independent of $t$. We show how to associate to
$(M,\omega,\gamma,\beta)$ and to two pairs $(Z_i,J_i)$, $i=1,2$ with
$\beta(Z_i)=\beta$ an invariant, the relative symplectic torsion, which is an
element in the Whitehead group $Wh(\Lambda_0)$, of a Novikov ring $\Lambda_0$
associated with $(M,\omega,Z,\gamma)$. If the cohomology of the Floer complex
vanishes or if $\gamma$ is trivial we derive an invariant, the symplectic
torsion for any pair $(Z,J)$.
  We prove, that when $\beta(\gamma)\neq 0$, or when $\gamma$ is non-trivial
and $\beta$ is 'small', the cohomology of the Floer complex is trivial, but the
symplectic torsion can be non-trivial. Using the first fact we conclude results
about non-contractible 1-periodic trajectories of 1-periodic symplectic vector
fields. In this version we will only prove the statements for closed weakly
monotone manifolds, but note that they remain true as formulated for arbitrary
closed symplectic manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41426 </DOCNO>
Branching Ratio Measurement of the decay K_L -> e+ e- mu+ mu-


  We have collected a 43 event sample of the decay $K_L\to e^+e^-\mu^+\mu^-$
with negligible backgrounds and measured its branching ratio to be $(2.62 \pm
0.40 \pm 0.17)\times 10^{-9} $. We see no evidence for CP violation in this
decay. In addition, we set the 90% confidence upper limit on the combined
branching ratios for the lepton flavor violating decays $K_L\to
e^{\pm}e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}\mu^{\mp}$ at ${\mathcal B}(K_L\to
e^{\pm}e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}\mu^{\mp}) \leq 1.23\times10^{-10}$, assuming a uniform
phase space distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4595 </DOCNO>
Large magnetoresistance effect due to spin-injection into a non-magnetic


  A novel magnetoresistance effect, due to the injection of a spin-polarized
electron current from a dilute magnetic into a non-magnetic semiconductor, is
presented. The effect results from the suppression of a spin channel in the
non-magnetic semiconductor and can theoretically yield a positive
magnetoresistance of 100%, when the spin flip length in the non-magnetic
semiconductor is sufficiently large. Experimentally, our devices exhibit up to
25% magnetoresistance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97725 </DOCNO>
Solvability of the $F_4$ Integrable System


  It is shown that the $F_4$ rational and trigonometric integrable systems are
exactly-solvable for {\it arbitrary} values of the coupling constants. Their
spectra are found explicitly while eigenfunctions by pure algebraic means. For
both systems new variables are introduced in which the Hamiltonian has an
algebraic form being also (block)-triangular. These variables are invariant
with respect to the Weyl group of $F_4$ root system and can be obtained by
averaging over an orbit of the Weyl group. Alternative way of finding these
variables exploiting a property of duality of the $F_4$ model is presented. It
is demonstrated that in these variables the Hamiltonian of each model can be
expressed as a quadratic polynomial in the generators of some
infinite-dimensional Lie algebra of differential operators in a
finite-dimensional representation. Both Hamiltonians preserve the same flag of
polynomials and each subspace of the flag coincides with the finite-dimensional
representation space of this algebra. Quasi-exactly-solvable generalization of
the rational $F_4$ model depending on two continuous and one discrete
parameters is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168944 </DOCNO>
Classicality of quantum information processing


  The ultimate goal of the classicality programme is to quantify the amount of
quantumness of certain processes. Here, classicality is studied for a
restricted type of processes: quantum information processing (QIP). Under
special conditions, one can force some qubits of a quantum computer to a
classical state without affecting the outcome of the computation. The minimal
set of conditions is described and its structure is studied. Some implications
of this formalism are the increase of noise robustness, a proof of the
quantumness of mixed state quantum computing and a step forward in
understanding the very foundation of QIP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 535 </DOCNO>
Scaling of H_{c2 \perp}(T) in Nb/CuMn Multilayers


  Measurements of the perpendicular upper critical magnetic field H_{c2
\perp}(T) are reported for several Nb/CuMn multilayers. It is found that,
despite the magnetic nature of the samples, the data for samples with low Mn
percentage in the CuMn layers are simply described by the
Werthamer-Helfand-Honenberg theory for conventional type-II superconductors,
neglecting both Pauli spin paramagnetism and spin orbit impurity scattering.
For high Mn concentration a different theoretical aprroach is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168336 </DOCNO>
Perturbation Theory for Quantum Computation with Large Number of Qubits


  We describe a new and consistent perturbation theory for solid-state quantum
computation with many qubits. The errors in the implementation of simple
quantum logic operations caused by non-resonant transitions are estimated. We
verify our perturbation approach using exact numerical solution for relatively
small (L=10) number of qubits. A preferred range of parameters is found in
which the errors in processing quantum information are small. Our results are
needed for experimental testing of scalable solid-state quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75565 </DOCNO>
$J/\psi$ suppression in Pb+Pb collisions, a conventional description


  We have analyzed the latest NA50 data on $J/\psi$ suppression in Pb + Pb
collisions. $J/\psi$ production is assumed to be a two step process, (i)
formation of $c\bar{c}$ pair, which is accurately calculable in QCD and (ii)
formation of $J/\psi$ meson from the $c\bar{c}$ pair, which can be conveniently
parameterized. In a pA/AA collision, the as the $c\bar{c}$ pair pass through
the nuclear medium, it gain relative square momentum at the rate of
$\epsilon^2$ per unit path length. As a result, some of the $c\bar{c}$ pairs
can gain enough momentum to cross the threshold to become an open charm meson,
leading to suppression in pA/AA collisions. The parameters of the model were
fixed from experimental data on the total $J/\psi$ cross section as a function
of effective nuclear length. The model without any free parameter, give
excellent description of NA50 data on $E_T$ dependence of $J/\psi$ to Drell-Yan
ratio. The model was applied to predict the $E_T$ dependence of $J/\psi$ at
RHIC energy. Much larger suppression of $J/\psi$, in agreement with other model
calculations are predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149636 </DOCNO>
Stringy Domain Walls of N=1, D=4 Supergravity


  We examine domain wall solutions of N=1, D=4 supergravity which preserve half
of the supersymmetry and arise from Euclidean M2-brane instantons on M5-branes
wrapping associative 3-cycles of G_2 holonomy manifolds. We also investigate
composite solutions which break an additional half of the supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40966 </DOCNO>
Radiative B Meson Decay


  We studied radiative B meson decays with the Belle detector. We measured the
following branching fractions; Br(B->K*0(892)\gamma) = (49.6 \pm 6.7 \pm 4.5) x
10^{-6}, Br(B->K*+(892)\gamma) = (38.9 \pm 9.3 \pm 4.1) x 10^{-6},
Br(B->Xs\gamma) = (3.39 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.42 +0.51-0.55) x 10^{-4}. We also set an
upper limit for B -> \rho\gamma as Br(B->\rho\gamma)/Br(B->K*(892)\gamma) <
0.19 at 90% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99135 </DOCNO>
Free martingale polynomials


  In this paper we investigate the properties of the free Sheffer systems,
which are certain families of martingale polynomials with respect to the free
Levy processes. First, we classify such families that consist of orthogonal
polynomials; these are the free analogs of the Meixner systems. Next, we show
that the fluctuations around free convolution semigroups have as principal
directions the polynomials whose derivatives are martingale polynomials.
Finally, we indicate how Rota's finite operator calculus can be modified for
the free context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3593 </DOCNO>
Electrostatic complexation of spheres and chains under elastic stress


  We consider the complexation of highly charged semiflexible polyelectrolytes
with oppositely charged macroions. On the basis of scaling arguments we discuss
how the resulting complexes depend on the persistence length of the
polyelectrolyte, the salt concentration, and the sizes and charges of the chain
and the macroions. We study first the case of complexation with a single sphere
and calculate the wrapping length of the chain. We then extend our
considerations to complexes involving many wrapped spheres and study
cooperative effects. The mechanical properties of such a complex under an
external deformation are evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168824 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Explanation of the Matteucci-Pozzi and Aharonov-Bohm Phase


  Classical electromagnetic forces can account for the experimentally observed
phase shifts seen in an electron interference pattern when a line of electric
dipoles or a line of magnetic dipoles (a solenoid) is placed between the
electron beams forming the interference pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5719 </DOCNO>
Comment on "A Bragg glass phase in the vortex lattice of a type II


  In a recent letter Klein et al. [Nature 413, 404 (2001); cond-mat/0110018]
provide experimental evidence for the existence of the Bragg glass phase in
impure type II superconductors. Here we show that a more complete consideration
of recent theoretical findings allows an even better interpretation of the
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113599 </DOCNO>
Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Sources for Lithography based on Synchrotron


  The study presented here was initiated by a discussion to investigate the
possibility of using synchrotron radiation as a source for the Next Generation
Lithography (NGL) based on the EUV-concept (Extreme Ultra-Violet; here 13.5 nm
or 11.3 nm radiation, respectively). The requirements are: 50 W, 2% bandwidth
and minimal power outside this bandwidth. Three options were investigated. The
first two deal with radiation from bending magnets and undulators. The results
confirm the earlier work by Oxfords Instrument and others that these
light-sources lack in-band power while emitting excessive out-of-band
radiation. The third approach is a FEL (Free Electron Laser) driven by a 500
MeV linear accelerator with a superconducting mini-undulator as radiation
emitting device. Such a device would produce in-band EUV-power in excess of 50
W with negligible out-of-band power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73641 </DOCNO>
Majorana Neutrinos and Same-Sign Dilepton Production at LHC and in Rare


  We discuss same-sign dilepton production mediated by Majorana neutrinos in
high-energy proton-proton collisions $pp\ra \ell^+ \ell^{\prime +}X$ for
$\ell,~ \ell^\prime = e,~ \mu,~ \tau$ at the LHC energy $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV, and
in the rare decays of $K$, $D$, $D_s$, and $B$ mesons of the type $M^{+}\ra
M^{\prime -}\ell ^{+}\ell ^{\prime+}$. For the $pp$ reaction, assuming one
heavy Majorana neutrino of mass $m_N$, we present discovery limits in the
$(m_{N},|U_{\ell N}U_{\ell^\prime N}|)$ plane where $U_{\ell N}$ are the mixing
parameters. Taking into account the present limits from low energy experiments,
we show that at LHC one has sensitivity to heavy Majorana neutrinos up to a
mass $m_{N}\leq 2$ -- 5 TeV in the dilepton channels $\mu\mu,~ \tau\tau$, and
$\mu\tau$, but the dilepton states $e\ell$ will not be detectable due to the
already existing constraints from neutrinoless double beta decay. We work out a
large number of rare meson decays, both for the light and heavy Majorana
neutrino scenarios, and argue that the present experimental bounds on the
branching ratios are too weak to set reasonable limits on the effective
Majorana masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149158 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Chaplygin gas


  Using a Kaluza-Klein framework, we consider a relativistic fluid whose
projection yields the supersymmetric non-relativistic Chaplygin gas introduced
by Bergner-Jackiw-Polychronakos and by Hoppe. The conserved (super)charges of
the Chaplygin gas are obtained as the projection of those arising in the
extended model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6937 </DOCNO>
Nontrivial Velocity Distributions in Inelastic Gases


  We study freely evolving and forced inelastic gases using the Boltzmann
equation. We consider uniform collision rates and obtain analytical results
valid for arbitrary spatial dimension d and arbitrary dissipation coefficient
epsilon. In the freely evolving case, we find that the velocity distribution
decays algebraically, P(v,t) ~ v^{-sigma} for sufficiently large velocities. We
derive the exponent sigma(d,epsilon), which exhibits nontrivial dependence on
both d and epsilon, exactly. In the forced case, the velocity distribution
approaches a steady-state with a Gaussian large velocity tail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168629 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative space-time and the uncertainty principle


  The full algebra of relativistic quantum mechanics (Lorentz plus Heisenberg)
is unstable. Stabilization by deformation leads to a new deformation parameter
$\epsilon \ell ^{2}$, $\ell $ being a length and $\epsilon$ a $\pm$ sign. The
implications of the deformed algebras for the uncertainty principle and the
density of states are worked out and compared with the results of past analysis
following from gravity and string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3472 </DOCNO>
Effective Ginzburg-Landau model for superfluid 4 He


  We propose an effective Ginzburg-Landau energy functional for superfluid
helium that is motivated by the ideal Bose gas model. The parameters of this
phenomenological model are adjusted to known properties of the bulk system. The
motivation and the field of applications of this model are quite similar to
that of the Psi theory by Ginzburg and Sobyanin. The correlation length, the
depression of the transition temperature in helium films and the density
profile at a boundary are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7378 </DOCNO>
Strange kinetics: conflict between density and trajectory description


  We study a process of anomalous diffusion, based on intermittent velocity
fluctuations, and we show that its scaling depends on whether we observe the
motion of many independent trajectories or that of a Liouville-like equation
driven density. The reason for this discrepancy seems to be that the
Liouville-like equation is unable to reproduce the multi-scaling properties
emerging from trajectory dynamics. We argue that this conflict between density
and trajectory might help us to define the uncertain border between dynamics
and thermodynamics, and that between quantum and classical physics as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123431 </DOCNO>
Noise estimation in CMB time-streams and fast map-making. Application to


  We describe here an iterative method for jointly estimating the noise power
spectrum from a CMB experiment's time-ordered data, together with the
maximum-likelihood map. We test the robustness of this method on simulated
Boomerang datasets with realistic noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126621 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter in the center of galaxies and galaxy clusters: ruling out


  This work is focused on the preliminary results of the observations of
H\alpha rotation curves for some of the late type dwarf and LSB galaxies
carried out at the TNG telescope. In light of the observational data and of the
N-body simulations we have performed recently, we discuss some of the
implications on the nature of the DM particles and the formation of the dark
haloes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3655 </DOCNO>
I-V characteristics and differential conductance fluctuations of Au


  Electronic transport properties of Au nano-structure are investigated using
both experimental and theoretical analysis. Experimentally, stable Au nanowires
were created using mechanically controllable break junction in air, and
simultaneous current-voltage (I-V) and differential conductance $\delta
I/\delta V$ data were measured. The atomic device scale structures are
mechanically very stable up to bias voltage $V_b\sim0.6V$ and have a life time
of a few $minutes$. Facilitated by a shape function data analysis technique
which finger-prints electronic properties of the atomic device, our data show
clearly differential conductance fluctuations with an amplitude $>1%$ at room
temperature, and a nonlinear I-V characteristics. To understand the transport
features of these atomic scale conductors, we carried out {\it ab initio}
calculations on various Au atomic wires. The theoretical results demonstrate
that transport properties of these systems crucially depend on the electronic
properties of the scattering region, the leads, and most importantly the
interaction of the scattering region with the leads. For ideal, clean Au
contacts, the theoretical results indicate a linear I-V behavior for bias
voltage $V_b<0.5V$. When sulfur impurities exist at the contact junction,
nonlinear I-V curves emerge due to a tunnelling barrier established in the
presence of the S atom. The most striking observation is that even a single S
atom can cause a qualitative change of the I-V curve from linear to nonlinear.
A quantitatively favorable comparison between experimental data and theoretical
results is obtained. We also report other results concerning quantum transport
through Au atomic contacts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124514 </DOCNO>
The Abundance Distribution in the Extrasolar-Planet Host Star HD19994


  Abundances of 22 elements have been determined from a high-resolution, high
signal-to-noise spectrum of HD19994, a star recently announced as harboring an
extrasolar planet. A detailed spectroscopic analysis of this stars finds it to
have a mass of 1.2+/-0.1Msun. HD19994 is found to be slightly enriched in
"metals" relative to the Sun 9[Fe/H]=+0.09+/-0.05 and an average of all metals
of [m/H]=+0.13), as are most stars known with extrasolar planets. In a search
for possible signatures of accretion of metal-rich gas onto the parent stars
(using HD19994 and published abundances for other stars), it is found that a
small subset of stars with planets exhibit a trend of increasing [X/H] with
increasing condensation temperature for a given element X. This trend may point
to the accretion of chemically fractionated solid material into the outer
(thin) convection zones of these solar-type stars. It is also found that this
small group of stars exhibiting an accretion signature all have large planets
orbiting much closer than is found, in general, for stars with planets not
showing this peculiar abundance trend, suggesting a physical link between
accretion and orbital separation. In addition, the stars showing evidence of
fractionated accretion are, on average, of larger mass (1.2Msun) than stars not
showing measurable evidence of accretion (1.0Msun).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113939 </DOCNO>
Transformation of an Electromagnetic Field into Gravitational Field in


  Series of experiments were carried out to check the prediction concerning the
possibility to generate gravitational field when charged massive particles
decelerated in the in substance. As a source of the charged particles was used
the accelerator of the electrons. The narrow bundle relativistic electrons
(average power of a bundle 450 W, electrons energy about 30 MeV) were directed
on a stopping target made from tungsten where electrons deceleration happened.
  The measurements have shown emerging statistically of authentic deviation of
a rotating pendulum, one of which massive cargoes was near to the stopping
target, in the moment when the bundle of relativistic electrons decelerated in
the stopping target. Also was fixed changing of direction of the pendulum
rotation when stopping target was shifted from one end of a pendulum to
another. The magnitude of force that calls a deviation of the pendulum has
upper limit 0,000001 N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81211 </DOCNO>
Center vortex model for the infrared sector of Yang-Mills theory


  A model for the infrared sector of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory, based on magnetic
vortices represented by (closed) random surfaces, is presented. The model
quantitatively describes both confinement (including the finite-temperature
transition to a deconfined phase) and the topological susceptibility of the
Yang-Mills ensemble. A first (quenched) study of the spectrum of the Dirac
operator furthermore yields a behavior for the chiral condensate which is
compatible with results obtained in lattice gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168369 </DOCNO>
Dynamic disquantization of Dirac equation


  Classical model S_dc of Dirac particle S_D is constructed. S_D is the dynamic
system described by the Dirac equation. Its classical analog S_dc is described
by a system of ordinary differential equations, containing the quantum constant
h as a parameter. Dynamic equations for S_dc are determined by the Dirac
equation uniquely. Both dynamic systems S_D and S_dc appear to be
nonrelativistic. One succeeded in transforming nonrelativistic dynamic system
S_dc into relativistic one S_dcr. The dynamic system S_dcr appears to be a
two-particle structure (special case of a relativistic rotator). It explains
freely such properties of S_D as spin and magnetic moment, which are strange
for pointlike structure. The rigidity function f_r(a), describing rotational
part of total mass as a function of the radius $a$ of rotator, has been
calculated for S_dcr. For investigation of S_D and construction of S_dc one
uses new dynamic methods: dynamic quantization and dynamic disquantization.
These relativistic pure dynamic procedures do not use principles of quantum
mechanics (QM). They generalize and replace conventional quantization and
transition to classical approximation. Totality of these methods forms the
model conception of quantum phenomena (MCQP). Technique of MCQP is more subtle
and effective, than conventional methods of QM. MCQP relates to conventional
QM, much as the statistical physics relates to thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84047 </DOCNO>
One-way communication complexity and the Neciporuk lower bound on


  The Neciporuk method for proving lower bounds on the size of Boolean formulae
is reformulated in terms of one-way communication complexity. We investigate
the scenarios of probabilistic formulae, nondeterministic formulae, and quantum
formulae. In all cases we can use results about one-way communication
complexity to prove lower bounds on formula size. In the latter two cases we
newly develop the employed lower bounds for communication complexity. The main
results are as follows: A polynomial size gap between probabilistic/quantum and
deterministic formulae. A near-quadratic size gap between nondeterministic
formulae with access to less resp. (a log factor) more than a (polynomial)
threshold on the number of nondeterministic bits. A near quadratic lower bound
on quantum formula size, as well as a polynomial separation between the sizes
of quantum formulae with and without multiple read random inputs. In the case
of quantum formulae we construct a programmable quantum gate with large success
probability to validate the lower bound method. The methods for quantum and
probabilistic formulae employ a variant of the Neciporuk bound in terms of the
VC-dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128980 </DOCNO>
Lyman Continuum Escape from Inhomogeneous ISM


  We have studied the effects of gas density inhomogeneities on the escape of
ionising Lyman continuum (Lyc) photons from Milky Way-type galaxies via 3D
numerical simulations using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code CRASH
(Ciardi et al. 2001). To this aim a comparison between a smooth Gaussian
distribution (GDD) and an inhomogeneous, fractal one (FDD) has been made with
realistic assumptions for the ionising stellar sources based on available data
in the solar neighborhood. In both cases the escape fraction f_esc increases
with ionisation rate N_gamma (although for the FDD with a flatter slope) and
they become equal at N_gamma = 2*10^50 s^-1 where f_esc = 0.11. FDD allows
escape fractions of the same order also at lower N_gamma, when Lyc photon
escape is sharply suppressed by GDD. Values of the escape fraction as high as
0.6 can be reached (GDD) for N_gamma ~ 9*10^50 s^-1, corresponding to a star
formation rate (SFR) of roughly 2 M_o yr^-1; at this ionising luminosity the
FDD is less transparent (f_esc ~ 0.28). If high redshift galaxies have gas
column densities similar to local ones, are characterized by such high SFRs and
by a predominantly smooth (i.e.turbulence free) interstellar medium, our
results suggest that they should considerably contribute to - and possibly
dominate - the cosmic UV background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98241 </DOCNO>
Compatibility betwenn pseudo-riemannian structure and Poisson structure


  We will introduce two notions of compatibility bettwen pseudo-Riemannian
metric and Poisson structure using the notion of contravariant connection
introduced by Fernandes R. L., we will study some proprities of manifold
endowed with such compatible structures an we will give some examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96424 </DOCNO>
Projective Ranks of Compact Hermitian Symmetric Spaces


  Let M be a compact irreducible Hermitian symmetric space and write M=G/K,
with G the group of holomorphic isometries of M and K the stability group of
the point of 0 in M. We determine the maximal dimension of a complex projective
space embedded in M as a totally geodesic submanifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148644 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Sp(2,R) Gauge Theories - A Field Theory Approach to


  Phase-space and its relativistic extension is a natural space for realizing
Sp(2,R) symmetry through canonical transformations. On a Dx2 dimensional
covariant phase-space, we formulate noncommutative field theories, where
Sp(2,R) plays a role as either a global or a gauge symmetry group. In both
cases these field theories have potential applications, including certain
aspects of string theories, M-theory, as well as quantum field theories. If
interpreted as living in lower dimensions, these theories realize Poincare'
symmetry linearly in a way consistent with causality and unitarity. In case
Sp(2,R) is a gauge symmetry, we show that the spacetime signature is determined
dynamically as (D-2,2). The resulting noncommutative Sp(2,R) gauge theory is
proposed as a field theoretical formulation of two-time physics: classical
field dynamics contains all known results of `two-time physics', including the
reduction of physical spacetime from D to (D-2) dimensions, with the associated
`holography' and `duality' properties. In particular, we show that the solution
space of classical noncommutative field equations put all massless scalar,
gauge, gravitational, and higher-spin fields in (D-2) dimensions on
equal-footing, reminiscent of string excitations at zero and infinite tension
limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150175 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics of superparticle with 1/4 supersymmetry breaking


  We study quantum mechanics of a massive superparticle in d=4 which preserves
1/4 of the target space supersymmetry with eight supercharges, and so
corresponds to the partial breaking N=8 down to N=2. Its worldline action
contains a Wess-Zumino term, explicitly breaks d=4 Lorentz symmetry and
exhibits one complex fermionic kappa-symmetry. We perform the Hamiltonian
analysis of the model and quantize it in two different ways, with gauge-fixed
kappa-symmetry and in the Gupta-Bleuler formalism. Both approaches give rise to
the same supermultiplet structure of the space of states. It contains three
irreducible N=2 multiplets with the total number of (4+4) complex on-shell
components. These states prove to be in one-to-one correspondence with the de
Rham complex of p-forms on a three-dimensional subspace of the target
x-manifold. We analyze the vacuum structure of the model and find that the
non-trivial vacua are given by the exact harmonic one- and two-forms. Despite
the explicit breaking of the d=4 Lorentz symmetry in the fermionic sector, the
d=4 mass-shell condition is still valid in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6221 </DOCNO>
Chern-Simons theory and BCS superconductivity


  We study the relationship between the holomorphic unitary connection of
Chern-Simons theory with temporal Wilson lines and the Richardson's exact
solution of the reduced BCS Hamiltonian. We derive the integrals of motion of
the BCS model, their eigenvalues and eigenvectors as a limiting case of the
Chern-Simons theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74553 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic suppression of the decay mu --> e+gamma


  Due to large QED anomalous dimensions of the electric and magnetic dipole
operators, the rate of the rare muon decay mu --> e+gamma is suppressed by the
factor [ 1- 8 alpha/pi ln(Lambda/m_mu) ], independent of the physics
responsible for the lepton-flavor violation, except for the scale Lambda at
which it occurs. For Lambda = 100 -- 1000 GeV, the resulting decrease of the
rate amounts to about 12 -- 17 %.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72915 </DOCNO>
Extra dimensions as an alternative to Higgs mechanism?


  We show that a pure gauge theory in higher dimensions may lead to an
effective lower-dimensional theory with massive vector field, broken gauge
symmetry and no fundamental Higgs boson. The mechanism we propose employs the
localization of a vector field on a lower-dimensional defect. No non-zero
expectation values of the vector field components along extra dimensions are
required. New possibilities for the solution to the gauge hierarchy problem are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124120 </DOCNO>
A Near-Infrared Stellar Census of Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies: The


  We report the results of near-IR imaging in J and H, of I Zw 36
($\approx$Z$_{\odot}$/14) with the Hubble Space Telescope. Whereas imaging with
the pre-COSTAR Faint Object Camera (FOC) previously resolved hot and massive
stars in the near-UV, the NICMOS data furnish a census of the cool,
intermediate- and low-mass stars. There clearly was star formation in I Zw 36
prior to the activity which earned it its Blue Compact Dwarf/Wolf-Rayet galaxy
classification. The detection of luminous, asymptotic giant branch stars
requires that stars formed vigorously several hundred Myr ago. The
well-populated red giant branch indicates stars with ages of at least 1-2 Gyr
(and possibly older than 10 Gyr). We use the tip-of-the-red-giant-branch method
to derive a distance of $\geq$5.8 Mpc. This is the third in a series of papers
on near-IR---resolved Blue Compact Dwarf galaxies. We notice that the
color-magnitude diagrams of VII Zw 403, Mrk 178, and I Zw 36 do not exhibit the
gaps expected from an episodic mode of star formation. Using simulated
color-magnitude diagrams we demonstrate for I Zw 36 that star formation did not
stop for more than a few 10$^8$ yrs over the past 10$^9$ yrs, and discuss the
implications of this result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124262 </DOCNO>
Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of black hole accretion


  We discuss the results of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations,
using a pseudo-Newtonian potential, of thin disk (h/r ~ 0.1) accretion onto
black holes. We find (i) that magnetic stresses persist within the marginally
stable orbit, and (ii) that the importance of those stresses for the dynamics
of the flow depends upon the strength of magnetic fields in the disk outside
the last stable orbit. Strong disk magnetic fields (alpha > 0.1) lead to a
gross violation of the zero-torque boundary condition at the last stable orbit,
while weaker fields (alpha ~ 0.01) produce results more akin to traditional
models for thin disk accretion onto black holes. Fluctuations in the magnetic
field strength in the disk could lead to changes in the radiative efficiency of
the flow on short timescales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169198 </DOCNO>
Error sensitivity of a Quantum Simulator I: a first example


  As the first useful Quantum Computers will be quantum simulators, here the
minimum number of qubits necessary for the solution of the Schroedinger
equation in simple test problems is evaluated. From the present preliminary
results it appears that it is possible to realize a useful quantum simulator
with a register of only 10-15 qbits. The intrinsic sensitivity to some errors
appears to be moderate without the need of error correcting methods. At present
there is at least some indication that the amplitude errors are more dangerous
than phase and decoherence errors. So corrections limited to amplitude errors
may be very useful.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169348 </DOCNO>
Quantum operations that cannot be implemented using a small mixed


  To implement any quantum operation (a.k.a. ``superoperator'' or ``CP map'')
on a d-dimensional quantum system, it is enough to apply a suitable overall
unitary transformation to the system and a d^2-dimensional environment which is
initialized in a fixed pure state. It has been suggested that a d-dimensional
environment might be enough if we could initialize the environment in a mixed
state of our choosing. In this note we show with elementary means that certain
explicit quantum operations cannot be realized in this way. Our counterexamples
map some pure states to pure states, giving strong and easily manageable
conditions on the overall unitary transformation. Everything works in the more
general setting of quantum operations from d-dimensional to d'-dimensional
spaces, so we place our counterexamples within this more general framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1963 </DOCNO>
Mobility of the Doped Holes and the Antiferromagnetic Correlations in


  The emergence and the evolution of the metallic charge transport in the
La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} system from lightly- to optimally-doped samples (x = 0.01
- 0.17) are studied. We demonstrate that in high-quality single crystals the
in-plane resistivity shows a metallic behavior for ALL values of x at moderate
temperatures and that the hole mobility at 300 K changes only by a factor of 3
from x = 0.01 to 0.17, where its x-dependence is found to be intriguingly
similar to that of the inverse antiferromagnetic correlation length. We discuss
an incoherent-metal picture and a charged-stripe scenario as candidates to
account for these peculiar features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96320 </DOCNO>
Integral Non-commutative Spaces


  This paper introduces a notion of integrality that is suitable for
non-commutative varieties. It is compatible with the usual notion of
integrality for schemes. The function field and generic point of a
non-commutative integral space are also defined. These agree with the usual
notion for noetherian schemes. It is shown that these notions behave as one
would wish. For example, various non-commutative analogues of projective space
are integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126415 </DOCNO>
Gas in the central region of AGNs: ISM and supermassive gaseous objects


  This is a starting point of future work on a more detailed study of early
evolutionary phases of galactic nuclei. We put into port the study of the
evolution of star accretion onto a supermassive gaseous object in the central
region of an active galactic nucleus, which was previously addressed
semi-analytically. For this purpose, we use a gaseous model of relaxing dense
stellar systems, whose equations are solved numerically. The model is shortly
described and some first model calculations for the specific case of black hole
mass growth in time are given. Similar concepts will be applied in future work
for a system in which there is a dense interstellar medium as a possible
progenitor of a black hole in the galactic centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4975 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking with Abnormal Number of Nambu-Goldstone


  We describe a class of relativistic models incorporating finite density of
matter in which spontaneous breakdown of continuous symmetries leads to a
lesser number of Nambu-Goldstone bosons than that required by the Goldstone
theorem. This class, in particular, describes the dynamics of the kaon
condensate in the color-flavor locked phase of high density QCD. We describe
the spectrum of low energy excitations in this dynamics and show that, despite
the presence of a condensate and gapless excitations, this system is not a
superfluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126030 </DOCNO>
A new constraint on cosmological variability of the proton-to-electron


  Exotic cosmologies predict variability of the fundamental physical constants
over the cosmic time. Using the VLT/UVES high resolution spectra of the quasar
Q0347-3819 and unblended electronic - vibrational - rotational lines of the H2
molecule identified at z = 3.025 we test possible changes in the proton - to -
electron mass ratio mu_0 = m_p/m_e over the period of 11 Gyr. We obtained a new
constraint on the time - averaged variation rate of mu_0 of |d mu /d t /mu_0| <
5 10^{-15} yr^{-1} (1 sigma c.l.). The estimated 1 sigma uncertainty interval
of the |Delta mu/mu_0| ratio of about 0.004% implies that since the time when
the H2 spectrum was formed at z = 3.025, mu_0 has not changed by more than a
few thousands of a percent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99099 </DOCNO>
Quantum group symmetry in sine-Gordon and affine Toda field theories on


  We consider the sine-Gordon and affine Toda field theories on the half-line
with classically integrable boundary conditions, and show that in the quantum
theory a remnant survives of the bulk quantized affine algebra symmetry
generated by non-local charges. The paper also develops a general framework for
obtaining solutions of the reflection equation by solving an intertwining
property for representations of certain coideal subalgebras of quantized affine
algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2439 </DOCNO>
Exact diagonalization of the S=1/2 XY ferromagnet on finite bcc lattices


  In this paper finite bcc lattices are defined by a triple of vectors in two
different ways - upper triangular lattice form and compact form. In Appendix A
are lists of some 260 distinct and useful bcc lattices of 9 to 32 vertices. The
energy and magnetization of the S = 1/2 XY ferromagnet have been computed on
these bcc lattices in the lowest states for $S_z$ = 0, 1/2, 1 and 3/2. These
data are studied statistically to fit the first three terms of the appropriate
finite lattice scaling equations. Our estimates of the T = 0 energy and
magnetization agree very well with spin wave and series expansion estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74577 </DOCNO>
Quark-hadron duality: resonances and the onset of scaling


  We examine the origin of Bloom-Gilman duality and the relationship between
resonances and scaling in deep-inelastic scattering. A simple quantum
mechanical model is used to illustrate the essential features of Bloom-Gilman
duality at low momentum transfer. As an application of local duality, we
discuss model-independent relations between structure functions at x ~ 1 and
elastic electromagnetic form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168533 </DOCNO>
Quantum Summation with an Application to Integration


  We study summation of sequences and integration in the quantum model of
computation. We develop quantum algorithms for computing the mean of sequences
which satisfy a p-summability condition and for integration of functions from
Lebesgue spaces L_p([0,1]^d) and analyze their convergence rates. We also prove
lower bounds which show that the proposed algorithms are, in many cases,
optimal within the setting of quantum computing. This extends recent results of
Brassard, Hoyer, Mosca, and Tapp (2000) on computing the mean for bounded
sequences and complements results of Novak (2001) on integration of functions
from Hoelder classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149122 </DOCNO>
The boundary N=2 supersymmetric sine-Gordon model


  We construct an action for the N=2 supersymmetric sine-Gordon model on the
half-line, which we argue is both supersymmetric and integrable. The boundary
interaction depends on three continuous boundary parameters, as well as the
bulk mass parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123738 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Effects in the Core Collapse Supernova Mechanism


  We apply our recently developed code for spherically symmetric, fully general
relativistic (GR) Lagrangian hydrodynamics and multigroup flux-limited
diffusion neutrino transport to examine the effects of GR on the hydrodynamics
and transport during collapse, bounce, and the critical shock reheating phase
of core collapse supernovae. Comparisons of models computed with GR versus
Newtonian hydrodynamics show that collapse to bounce takes slightly less time
in the GR limit, and that the shock propagates slightly farther out in radius
before receding. After a secondary quasistatic rise in the shock radius, the
shock radius declines considerably more rapidly in the GR simulations than in
the corresponding Newtonian simulations. During the shock reheating phase, core
collapse computed with GR hydrodynamics results in a substantially more compact
structure from the center out to the stagnated shock. The inflow speed of
material behind the shock is also increased. Comparisons also show that the
luminosity and rms energy of any neutrino flavor during the shock reheating
phase increases when switching from Newtonian to GR hydrodynamics, and
decreases when switching from Newtonian to GR transport. This latter decrease
in neutrino luminosities and rms energies is less in magnitude than the
increase that arise when switching from Newtonian to GR hydrodynamics, with the
result that a fully GR simulation gives higher neutrino luminosities and harder
neutrino spectra than a fully Newtonian simulation of the same precollapse
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7040 </DOCNO>
Crystal Growth of Isotactic Polystyrene in Ultrathin Films : Film


  The film thickness dependence of crystal growth is investigated for isotactic
polystyrene (it-PS) in thin films, the thickness of which is from 20nm down to
4nm. The single crystals of it-PS grown at 180 in the ultrathin films show the
morphology typical in the diffusion-controlled growth: dense branching
morphology (DBM), fractal seeweed (FS). The characteristic length of the
morphology, i.e. the width of the branch, increases with decreasing film
thickness. The thickness dependence of the growth rate of crystals shows a
crossover around the lamellar thickness of the crystal, 8 nm. The thickness
dependences of the growth rate and morphology are discussed in terms of the
diffusion of chain molecules in thin films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127009 </DOCNO>
Multiple stellar population in the Sextans dwarf spheroidal galaxy?


  We present wide field (33 X 34 arcmin^2) multiband (BVI) CCD photometry (down
to I <= 20.5) of the very low surface brightness dwarf Spheroidal (dSph) galaxy
Sextans. In the derived Color Magnitude Diagrams we have found evidences
suggesting the presence of multiple stellar populations in this dSph. In
particular we discovered: {\it (i)} a Blue Horizontal Branch (HB) tail that
appears to lie on a brighter sequence with respect to the prominent Red HB and
the RR Lyrae stars, very similar to what found by Majewski et al. (1999) for
the Sculptor dSph; {\it (ii)} hints of a bimodal distribution in color of the
RGB stars; {\it (iii)} a double RGB-bump. All these features suggest that (at
least) two components are present in the old stellar population of this galaxy:
a main one with [Fe/H]~ -1.8 and a minor component around [Fe/H]<~ -2.3. The
similarity with the Sculptor case may indicate that multiple star formation
episodes are common also in the most nearby dSphs that ceased their star
formation activity at very early epochs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98625 </DOCNO>
Jacobson generators of the quantum superalgebra $U_q[sl(n+1|m)]$ and


  As an alternative to Chevalley generators, we introduce Jacobson generators
for the quantum superalgebra $U_q[sl(n+1|m)]$. The expressions of all
Cartan-Weyl elements of $U_q[sl(n+1|m)]$ in terms of these Jacobson generators
become very simple. We determine and prove certain triple relations between the
Jacobson generators, necessary for a complete set of supercommutation relations
between the Cartan-Weyl elements. Fock representations are defined, and a
substantial part of this paper is devoted to the computation of the action of
Jacobson generators on basis vectors of these Fock spaces. It is also
determined when these Fock representations are unitary. Finally, Dyson and
Holstein-Primakoff realizations are given, not only for the Jacobson
generators, but for all Cartan-Weyl elements of $U_q[sl(n+1|m)]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149472 </DOCNO>
Explicit proof of equivalence of two-point functions in the two


  We give an explicit proof of equivalence of the two-point function to
one-loop order in the two formalisms of thermal $\lambda \phi^3$ theory based
on the expressions in the real-time formalism. It is indicated that the
key-point of completing the proof is to separate carefully the imaginary part
of the zero-temperature loop integral from relevant expressions and this fact
will certainly be very useful for examination of the equivalence problem of the
two formalisms of thermal field theory in other theories, including the one of
the propagators for scalar bound states in a NJL model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 668 </DOCNO>
Loss of superconductivity and structural transition in Mg1-xAlxB2


  The basic magnetic and electronic properties of most binary compounds have
been well known for decades. Therefore the recent announcement of
superconductivity at 39 K in the simple binary ceramic compound MgB2 is
surprising. This compound, available from common chemical suppliers, and used
as a starting material for chemical metathesis reactions, has been known and
structurally characterized since the mid 1950's. Here we show that the addition
of electrons to MgB2 through partial substitution of Al for Mg results in the
loss of superconductivity. Associated with the Al substitution is a subtle but
distinct structural transition, reflected in the partial collapse of the
spacing between boron layers near 10% Al content. This indicates that
superconducting MgB2 is poised very near a structural instability at slightly
higher electron concentrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127181 </DOCNO>
Rapid Calculation of Equatorial Rotation Curves


  We derive a simple, fast one-dimensional integral for the equatorial rotation
curve of a thin disk with surface density Sigma(R) modeled as a spheroid with
axis ratio q. The result is simpler than standard expressions even in the limit
of an infinitely thin disk (q-->0).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98300 </DOCNO>
Crossing number of links formed by edges of a triangulation


  We study the crossing number of links that are formed by edges of a
triangulation T of the 3-sphere with n tetrahedra. We show that the crossing
number is bounded from above by an exponential function of n^2. In general,
this bound can not be replaced by a subexponential bound. However, if T is
polytopal (resp. shellable) then there is a quadratic (resp. biquadratic) upper
bound in n for the crossing number. In our proof, we use a numerical invariant
p(T), called polytopality, that we have introduced in math.GT/0009216.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99144 </DOCNO>
Killing spinor equations in dimension 7 and geometry of integrable


  We compute the scalar curvature of 7-dimensional ${G}_2$-manifolds admitting
a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion. We prove the formula for the
general solution of the Killing spinor equation and express the Riemannian
scalar curvature of the solution in terms of the dilation function and the NS
3-form field. In dimension n=7 the dilation function involved in the second
fermionic string equation has an interpretation as a conformal change of the
underlying integrable ${G}_2$-structure into a cocalibrated one of pure type
$W_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72625 </DOCNO>
Two-loop electroweak contributions to $\Delta r$


  A review is given on the quantum correction $\Delta r$ in the $W$--$Z$ mass
correlation at the electroweak two-loop level, as derived from the calculation
of the muon lifetime in the Standard Model. Exact results for $\Delta r$ and
the $W$-mass prediction including ${\mathcal{O}}(\alpha^2)$ corrections with
fermion loops are presented and compared with previous results of a
next-to-leading order expansion in the top-quark mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168377 </DOCNO>
Entanglement of Orbital Angular Momentum States of Photons


  So far experimental confirmation of entanglement has been restricted to
qubits, i.e. two-state quantum systems including recent realization of three-
and four-qubit entanglements. Yet, an ever increasing body of theoretical work
calls for entanglement in quantum system of higher dimensions. Here we report
the first realization of multi-dimensional entanglement exploiting the orbital
angular momentum of photons, which are states of the electromagnetic field with
phase singularities (doughnut modes). The properties of such states could be of
importance for the efforts in the field of quantum computation and quantum
communication. For example, quantum cryptography with higher alphabets could
enable one to increase the information flux through the communication channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95687 </DOCNO>
Hypermultiplets, Hyperkahler Cones and Quaternion-Kahler Geometry


  We study hyperkahler cones and their corresponding quaternion-Kahler spaces.
We present a classification of 4(n-1)-dimensional quaternion-Kahler spaces with
n abelian quaternionic isometries, based on dualizing superconformal tensor
multiplets. These manifolds characterize the geometry of the hypermultiplet
sector of perturbative moduli spaces of type-II strings compactified on a
Calabi-Yau manifold. As an example of our construction, we study the universal
hypermultiplet in detail, and give three inequivalent tensor multiplet
descriptions. We also comment on the construction of quaternion-Kahler
manifolds that may describe instanton corrections to the moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76521 </DOCNO>
Probing colour separate singlet states in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation at


  By selecting two-jet like events and employing sensitive observable, we find
that two kinds of colour connections at the hard-soft interface lead to
significantly differences in hadron states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148281 </DOCNO>
Convergence of derivative expansions in scalar field theory


  The convergence of the derivative expansion of the exact renormalisation
group is investigated via the computation of the beta function of massless
scalar lambda phi^4 theory. The derivative expansion of the Polchinski flow
equation converges at one loop for certain fast falling smooth cutoffs.
Convergence of the derivative expansion of the Legendre flow equation is
trivial at one loop, but also can occur at two loops and in particular
converges for an exponential cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83749 </DOCNO>
Learning Computational Grammars


  This paper reports on the "Learning Computational Grammars" (LCG) project, a
postdoc network devoted to studying the application of machine learning
techniques to grammars suitable for computational use. We were interested in a
more systematic survey to understand the relevance of many factors to the
success of learning, esp. the availability of annotated data, the kind of
dependencies in the data, and the availability of knowledge bases (grammars).
We focused on syntax, esp. noun phrase (NP) syntax.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114313 </DOCNO>
Penalized maximum likelihood for multivariate Gaussian mixture


  In this paper, we first consider the parameter estimation of a multivariate
random process distribution using multivariate Gaussian mixture law. The labels
of the mixture are allowed to have a general probability law which gives the
possibility to modelize a temporal structure of the process under study. We
generalize the case of univariate Gaussian mixture in [Ridolfi99] to show that
the likelihood is unbounded and goes to infinity when one of the covariance
matrices approaches the boundary of singularity of the non negative definite
matrices set. We characterize the parameter set of these singularities. As a
solution to this degeneracy problem, we show that the penalization of the
likelihood by an Inverse Wishart prior on covariance matrices results to a
penalized or maximum a posteriori criterion which is bounded. Then, the
existence of positive definite matrices optimizing this criterion can be
guaranteed. We also show that with a modified EM procedure or with a Bayesian
sampling scheme, we can constrain covariance matrices to belong to a particular
subclass of covariance matrices. Finally, we study degeneracies in the source
separation problem where the characterization of parameter singularity set is
more complex. We show, however, that Inverse Wishart prior on covariance
matrices eliminates the degeneracies in this case too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97835 </DOCNO>
IFFT-Equivariant Quantizations


  The existence and uniqueness of quantizations that are equivariant with
respect to conformal and projective Lie algebras of vector fields were recently
obtained by Duval, Lecomte and Ovsienko. In order to do so, they computed
spectra of some Casimir operators. We give an explicit formula for those
spectra in the general framework of IFFT-algebras classified by Kobayashi and
Nagano. We also define tree-like subsets of eigenspaces of those operators in
which eigenvalues can be compared to show the existence of IFFT-equivariant
quantizations. We apply our results to prove existence and uniqueness of
quantizations that are equivariant with respect to the infinitesimal action of
the symplectic (resp. pseudo-orhogonal) group on the corresponding Grassmann
manifold of maximal isotropic subspaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148140 </DOCNO>
Infrared Behaviour of Massive Scalar Matter coupled to Gravity


  In the framework of causal perturbation theory we consider a massive scalar
field coupled to gravity. In the field theoretic approach to quantum gravity
(QG) we start with a massless second rank tensor field. This tensor field is
then quantized in a covariant way in Minkowski space. This article deals with
the adiabatic limit for graviton radiative corrections in a scattering process
of two massive scalar particles. We compute the differential cross-section for
bremsstrahlung processes in which one of the outgoing particles emites a
graviton of low energy, a so called soft graviton. Since the emited graviton
will not be detected we have to integrate over all soft gravitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76020 </DOCNO>
Counting tree diagrams: asymptotic results for QCD-like theories


  We discuss the enumeration of Feynman diagrams at tree order for processes
with external lines of different types. We show how this can be done by
iterating algebraic Schwinger-Dyson equations. Asymptotic estimates for very
many external lines are derived. Applications include QED, QCD and scalar QED,
and the asymptotic estimates are numerically confronted with the exact results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74427 </DOCNO>
Q-ball formation: Obstacle to Affleck-Dine baryogenesis in the


  We consider the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis comprehensively in the minimal
supersymmetric standard model with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking.
Considering the high temperature effects, we see that the Affleck-Dine field is
naturally deformed into the form of the Q ball. In the natural scenario where
the initial amplitude of the field and the A-terms are both determined by the
nonrenormalizable superpotential, we obtain only very a narrow allowed region
in the parameter space in order to explain the baryon number of the universe
for the case that the Q-ball formation occurs just after baryon number
production. Moreover, most of the parameter sets suited have already been
excluded by current experiments. We also find new situations in which the
Q-ball formation takes place rather late compared with baryon number creation.
This situation is more preferable, since it allows a wider parameter region for
naturally consistent scenarios, although it is still difficult to realize in
the actual cosmological scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96730 </DOCNO>
Traces for star products on symplectic manifolds


  We give a direct elementary proof of the existence of traces for arbitrary
star products on a symplectic manifold. We follow the approach we used in
\cite{refs:GuttRaw}, solving first the local problem. A normalisation
introduced by Karabegov \cite{refs:Karabegov} makes the local solutions unique
and allows them to be pieced together to solve the global problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124416 </DOCNO>
The Episodic, Precessing Giant Molecular Outflow from IRAS 04239+2436


  We present the first set of detailed molecular line maps of the region
associated with the giant Herbig-Haro flow HH 300, from the young star IRAS
04239+2436. Our results indicate that the red lobe of the HH 300 flow is
depositing a fair amount of momentum and kinetic energy over a notable volume
of its host dark cloud. This makes HH 300 a key player in the evolution and
fate of its parent cloud. The redshifted molecular outflow lobe of HH 300 is
1.1 pc long and 0.3 pc wide, and has a very clumpy structure. The density,
velocity, and momentum distributions in the outflow indicate that the observed
clumps arise from the prompt entrainment of ambient gas. Bow shock-shaped
structures are associated with the clumps, and we hypothesize that the shocks
are produced by different mass ejection episodes. Lines drawn from IRAS
04239+2436 to each of these clumps have different orientations on the plane of
the sky, and we conclude that HH 300 is a precessing and episodic outflow. The
observations include a map of the red lobe in the 12CO(2-1) line, with a beam
size of 27'', and more extended maps of the outflow region in the 12CO(1-0) and
13CO(1-0) lines, with 45'' and 47'' beam sizes, respectively. We obtain a steep
power-law mass spectrum for HH 300, which we believe is best explained by the
evolution of the outflow mass kinematics. In addition, our 13CO observations
show that the HH 300 flow has been able to redistribute (in space and velocity)
considerable amounts of its surrounding medium-density gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125210 </DOCNO>
VLA Observations of the H92alpha line from NGC 5253 and Henize 2-10 :


  We have detected the H92alpha radio recombination line from two dwarf
starburst galaxies, NGC 5253 and He 2-10, using the Very Large Array. Both the
line data as well as the radio continuum data are used to model the properties
of the ionized gas in the centers of these galaxies. We consider a
multi-density model for radio recombination lines and show why previous models,
which were based on the assumption of gas at a single density, are valid in
many situations. The models show that the ionized gas has a density of ~10^4
/cc in both galaxies, with an effective size of 2-10 pc and a total mass of
about 10^4 Msun. The derived production rate of Lyman continuum photons is ~2.5
x 10^{52} /s in both the galaxies and the corresponding mass of stars (assuming
a Salpeter IMF) is ~10^5 msun. The implied stellar density shows that the
observed radio recombination lines arise from ionized gas around super star
clusters (SSCs) in both galaxies (these SSCs have been recently detected
through their radio continuum emission). The existence of ~10^4 Msun of ionized
gas within a few parsecs of an SSC places strict constraints on dynamical
models. Using simple arguments, the parameter space for a few possible models
are derived. The well known radio-FIR correlation also holds for NGC 5253,
although the radio emission from this galaxy is almost completely thermal. It
is shown that NGC 5253 is strong evidence that the component of FIR emission
from warm dust is correlated separately with the component of radio emission
from thermal bremsstrahlung.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76555 </DOCNO>
Multiple Production, Transport in Atmosphere and Detection of High


  We describe the general aspects of Monte Carlo Collision Generators suitable
for cosmic ray nucleon-Air and nuclei-Air interactions, including accelerator
and collider data. The problem of the extrapolation at 3 energy decades above
the LHC of the main features of high energy collisions is discussed and under
theoretical and phenomenological assumptions, the properties of the
longitudinal and lateral development of giant extensive air showers simulated
with the CORSIKA program are presented. The determination of the primary energy
near $10^{20}$ eV is examined for different observables, total size, densities
of charged particles interpolated at 600~m from shower core. The extensive air
shower data collected around LHC energy is in better agreement with models of
large multiplicities. Beyond this energy, the extrapolation carried assuming
the diquark breaking mechanism can change the classic conversion to primary
energy and such circumstance can have consequences on the validity of the GZK
cut off. In those conditions, we have simulated large and giant air showers
taking into account, in addition, new processes, such as diquark breaking, and
topological problems involving adequate structure functions for lateral
distributions, up to energies exceeding $10^{20}$ eV for P.AUGER and EUSO
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86446 </DOCNO>
Cosmological perturbations: a new gauge-invariant approach


  A new gauge-invariant approach for describing cosmological perturbations is
developed. It is based on a physically motivated splitting of the stress-energy
tensor of the perturbation into two parts - the bare perturbation and the
complementary perturbation associated with stresses in the background
gravitational field induced by the introduction of the bare perturbation. The
complementary perturbation of the stress-energy tensor is explicitly singled
out and taken to the left side of the perturbed Einstein equations so that the
bare stress-energy tensor is the sole source for the perturbation of the metric
tensor and both sides of these equations are gauge invariant with respect to
infinitesimal coordinate transformations. For simplicity we analyze the
perturbations of the spatially-flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker dust
model. A cosmological gauge can be chosen such that the equations for the
perturbations of the metric tensor are completely decoupled for the h_{00},
h_{0i}, and h_{ij} metric components and explicitly solvable in terms of
retarded integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96478 </DOCNO>
Logarithms of formal groups over Hopf algebras


  The aim of this paper is to prove the following result. For any commutative
formal group ${\frak F}(x\otimes 1,1\otimes x),$ which is considered as a
formal group over $H_\mathbb{Q},$ there exists a homomorphism to a formal group
of the form ${\frak c}+x\otimes 1+1\otimes x,$ where $\frak c\in
H_\mathbb{Q}{\mathop{\hat{\otimes}} \limits_{R_\mathbb{Q}}}H_\mathbb{Q}$ such
that $(\id \otimes \epsilon){\frak c}=0= (\epsilon \otimes \id){\frak c}.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127411 </DOCNO>
A Complete Analytic Inversion of Supernova Lines in the Sobolev


  We show that the shape of P-Cygni line profiles of photospheric phase
supernova can be analytically inverted to extract both the optical depth and
source function of the line -- i.e. all the physical content of the model for
the case when the Sobolev approximation is valid. Under various simplifying
assumptions, we derive formulae that give S(r) and tau(r) in terms of
derivatives of the line flux with respect to wavelength. The transition region
between the minimum and maximum of the line profile turns out to give
especially interesting information on the optical depth near the photosphere.
The formulae give insights into the relationship between line shape and
physical quantities that may be useful in interpreting observed spectra and
detailed numerical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86275 </DOCNO>
Detection of Impulsive Light-Like Signals in General Relativity


  The principal purpose of this paper is to study the effect of an impulsive
light-like signal on neighbouring test particles. Such a signal can in general
be unambiguously decomposed into a light-like shell of null matter and an
impulsive gravitational wave. Our results are: (a) If there is anisotropic
stress in the light-like shell then test particles initially moving in the
signal front are displaced out of this 2-surface after encountering the signal;
(b) For a light-like shell with no anisotropic stress accompanying a
gravitational wave the effect of the signal on test particles moving in the
signal front is to displace them relative to each other with the usual
distortion due to the gravitational wave diminished by the presence of the
light-like shell. An explicit example for a plane-fronted signal is worked
out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169004 </DOCNO>
Nullification of the Nullification


  A recent claim by Meyer, Kent and Clifton (MKC), that their models
``nullify'' the Kochen-Specker theorem, has attracted much comment. In this
paper we present a new counter-argument, based on the fact that a classical
measurement reveals, not simply a pre-existing value, but pre-existing
classical information. In the MKC models measurements do not generally reveal
pre-existing classical information. Consequently, the Kochen-Specker theorem is
not nullified. We go on to prove a generalized version of the Kochen-Specker
theorem, applying to non-ideal quantum measurements. The theorem was inspired
by the work of Simon et al and Larsson (SBZL). However, there is a loophole in
SBZL's argument, which means that their result is invalid (operational
non-contextuality is not inconsistent with the empirical predictions of quantum
mechanics). Our treatment resolves this difficulty. We conclude by discussing
the question, whether the MKC models can reproduce the empirical predictions of
quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126054 </DOCNO>
A grid of Composite Models for the Simulation of Starburst Galaxy and


  A grid of models for starburst spectra is presented and compared with
power-law models which represent AGNs. The models are composite, i.e., they
account for the radiation from the starburst and for the shocks created by
super-winds. Some interesting fit of models to observations are also discussed.
In particular, it is found that [OIII]/Hb ~can reach values as high as for the
AGN when the emitting clouds are close to the starburst region. Moreover CIV
lines can be high even if SiIV lines are relatively low. It is found that for
some line ratios, which have similar values for starburst and AGN models, the
width of the lines can distinguish between the two types.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 373 </DOCNO>
Entropic Elasticity of Weakly Perturbed Polymers


  Taking into account the nonequivalence of fixed-force and fixed-length
ensembles in the weak-force regime, equations of state are derived that
describe the equilibrium extension or compression of an ideal Gaussian polymer
chain in response to an applied force in such a manner that the calculated
unstretched scalar end-to-end separation is the random-coil size rather than
zero. The entropy-spring model for a polymer chain is thereby modified so that
for calculational purposes, the spring is of finite rather than zero
unstretched length. These force laws are shown to be consistent with
observations from stretching experiments performed on single DNA molecules,
wherein the measured extension approaches a non-zero limit as the external
force is reduced. When used to describe single-chain dynamics, this approach
yields a single exponential relaxation expression for a short Gaussian chain
(bead-spring dumbbell), which when initially compressed or extended relaxes
into a state having the random-coil end separation, in agreement with the
Rouse-model result. An equation is derived that describes the elongational
response of a charged, tethered chain to a weak electric field (as might occur
in electrophoresis), a calculation not feasible with the traditional approach.
Finally, an expression for the entropic work required to bring the ends of a
chain together, starting from the random-coil configuration, is derived and
compared with the Hookean result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148974 </DOCNO>
The Fuzzy Kaehler Coset Space by the Fedosov Formalism


  We discuss deformation quantization of the Kaehler coset space by using the
Fedosov formalism. We show that the Killing potentials of the Kaehler coset
space satisfy the fuzzy algebrae, when the coset space is irreducible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97017 </DOCNO>
Difference Discrete Variational Principle,EULER-Lagrange Cohomology and


  We study the difference discrete variational principle in the framework of
multi-parameter differential approach by regarding the forward difference as an
entire geometric object in view of noncomutative differential geometry. By
virtue of this variational principle, we get the difference discrete
Euler-Lagrange equations and canonical ones for the difference discrete
versions of the classical mechanics and classical field theory. We also explore
the difference discrete versions for the Euler-Lagrange cohomology and apply
them to the symplectic or multisymplectic geometry and their preserving
properties in both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism. In terms of the
difference discrete Euler-Lagrange cohomological concepts, we show that the
symplectic or multisymplectic geometry and their difference discrete structure
preserving properties can always be established not only in the solution spaces
of the discrete Euler-Lagrange/canonical equations derived by the difference
discrete variational principle but also in the function space in each case if
and only if the relevant closed Euler-Lagrange cohomological conditions are
satisfied. We also apply the difference discrete variational principle and
cohomological approach directly to the symplectic and multisymplectic
algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73082 </DOCNO>
$\mu$-term due to the non-universal supersymmetry breaking and the Higgs


  We propose a solution to the $\mu$-problem due to the non-universal soft
supersymmetry breaking in a class of supersymmetric extensions of the SM with
an extra U(1) and the NMSSM. Our scenario resembles an earlier one which has
been proposed as a solution to the $\mu$-problem in the framework of similar
models but it has rather different features from that. Theoretically crucial
points in the present scenario are the realization of the required
non-universal soft supersymmetry breaking parameters and the concern to avoid
the vacuum instability due to tadpoles. We discuss them in some detail. In
particular, on the non-universal soft supersymmetry breaking we discuss the
superstring and the field theory with reduction of couplings possibilities. We
also study the weak scale radiative symmetry breaking in the considered models
and estimate the upper mass bound of the lightest neutral Higgs scalar. The
latter tends to be smaller in the present scenario as compared to the previous
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95668 </DOCNO>
Invariant Subspaces of the Monodromy


  We show that there are obstructions to the existence of certain types of
invariant subspaces of the Milnor monodromy; this places restrictions on the
cohomology of Milnor fibres of non-isolated hypersurface singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74872 </DOCNO>
BLM scale for the pion transition form factor


  The NLO Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie (BLM) scale for the pion transition form
factor has been determined. To achieve that, a consistent calculation up to
nf-proportional NNLO contributions to both the hard-scattering amplitude and
the perturbatively calculable part of the pion distribution amplitude has been
performed. By combining and matching the results obtained for these two
amplitudes, a proper cancellation of collinear singularities has been
established and the gamma5 ambiguity problem (related to the use of the
dimensional regularization method) has been resolved by using the naive-gamma5
as well as the 't Hooft-Veltman (HV) schemes. It has been demonstrated that the
prediction for the pion transition form factor is independent of the
factorization scale muF at every order in the strong coupling constant, making
it possible to use the simplest choice muF^2=Q^2 at the intermediate steps of
the calculation. Assuming the pion asymptotic distribution amplitude and
working in the \bar{MS} scheme, we have found the BLM scale to be muR^2=muBLM^2
~ Q^2/9. Based on the same distribution, the complete NLO prediction for the
pion transition form factor has been calculated in the alphaV definition of the
QCD coupling renormalized at muR^2=muV^2 = e^{5/3} muBLM^2 ~ Q^2/2. It is in
good agreement with the presently available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75654 </DOCNO>
Multiskyrmions and baryonic bags


  Analytical treatment of skyrmions given by rational map (RM) ansaetze
proposed recently for the Skyrme model is extended to the model including the
6-th order term in chiral fields derivatives in the lagrangian (the SK6 variant
of the model) and used for calculation of different properties of
multiskyrmions. For special class of profile functions approximating the true
profile and the domain wall behaviour at the same time, the masses and other
static properties of multiskyrmions are expressed in terms of the Euler-type
integrals. An upper bound is obtained for the masses of RM multiskyrmions which
is close to the calculated masses, especially at large B. The gap between
rigorous upper bound and lower bound, obtained for the SK6 model as well, for
large B multiskyrmions is less than 9%, in comparison with about 4% for the SK4
(Skyrme) variant. The basic properties of such bubbles of matter are
investigated, some of them, e.g. the thickness of the bubbles envelope, being
of universal character, i.e. they do not depend on baryon number of
configuration, or reveal a simple and natural dependence. The dependence of
these properties on the number of flavours is absent or very weak in both
models. Qualitatively, the properties of the baryonic bags are the same for the
SK6 and SK4 variants of the model, although differ in some details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2126 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity and Aluminum Ordering in Mg1-xAlxB2


  Superconductivity and structural properties of Mg1-xAlxB2 materials have been
systematically investigated. Evident modifications in both superconductivity
and microstructure are identified to originate from the Al ordering along the
c-axis direction. The resultant superstructure phase has an optimal composition
of MgAlB4 with the superconducting transition at around 12K. Brief diagrams
illustrating the superconductivity and structural features of Mg1-xAlxB2
materials along with the increase of Al concentration are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73073 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity Resolution to the Cosmological Constant Problem


  A finite quantum gravity theory is used to resolve the cosmological constant
problem. A fundamental quantum gravity scale, \Lambda_G \leq 10^{-3} eV, is
introduced above which the quantum corrections to the vacuum energy density
coupled to gravity are exponentially suppressed by a graviton vertex form
factor, yielding an observationally acceptable value for the particle physics
contribution to the cosmological constant. Classical Einstein gravity retains
its causal behavior as well as the standard agreement with observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113847 </DOCNO>
Quantum and classical dynamics of methane scattering


  The dissociation of methane on transition metals is an important reaction in
catalysis. It is the rate limiting step in steam reforming to produce syngas.
Molecular beam experiments have shown that the energy in the internal
vibrations are about as effective as the translational energy in inducing
dissociation.
  The published wave packet simulations on the methane dissociation reaction on
transition metals have treated the methane molecule always as a diatomic up to
now. Besides the C-H bond and molecule surface distance, a combination of other
coordinates were included, like (multiple) rotations and some lattice motion.
None of them have looked at the role of the internal vibrations. We were not
able yet to simulate the dissociation including all internal vibrations.
Instead we simulated the scattering of methane in fixed orientations, for which
all internal vibrations can be included, and used the results to deduce
consequences for the dissociation. Furthermore we studied the isotope effect,
and the role of vibrational excitations.
  We ended with classical trajectory calculations of the rotational vibrational
scattering of a non-rigid methane molecule from a Ni(111) surface. Energy
dissipation and scattering angles have been studied as a function of the
translational kinetic energy, the incident angle, the (rotational) nozzle
temperature, and the surface temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76464 </DOCNO>
Graviphoton and graviscalars delocalization in braneworld scenarios


  A manifestly gauge-invariant theory of gravitational fluctuations of
brane-world scenarios is discussed. Without resorting to any specific gauge
choice, a general method is presented in order to disentangle the fluctuations
of the brane energy-momentum from the fluctuations of the metric. As an
application of the formalism, the localization of metric fluctuations on scalar
branes breaking spontaneously five-dimensional Poincar\'e invariance is
addressed. Only assuming that the four-dimensional Planck mass is finite and
that the geometry is regular, it is demonstrated that the vector and scalar
fluctuations of the metric are not localized on the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128818 </DOCNO>
Nuclear and global X-ray properties of LINER galaxies: Chandra and


  We report on the 0.1--100 keV BeppoSAX observations of two nearby LINER
galaxies, Sombrero and NGC 4736. Chandra ACIS-S observations supplement this
broad-beam spectral study with a high resolution look into the nuclear region,
and show a dominating central point source in Sombrero and a complex X-ray
binary dominated/starburst region in NGC 4736. A compact non-thermal radio
source, present in the nucleus of both galaxies, coincides with the central
source in Sombrero, while in NGC 4736 its X-ray counterpart is a much fainter
point source, not the brightest of the central region. On the basis of these
and other results, we conclude that the LINER activity is linked to the
presence of a low luminosity AGN in Sombrero and to a recent starburst in NGC
4736, and that Chandra's spectroscopic capabilities coupled to high resolution
imaging are essential to establish the origin of the nuclear activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6994 </DOCNO>
Simple dynamical model with history dependence for a sandpile experiment


  A lattice dynamics model is proposed for the history dependence observed in
sandpile experiments. The dependence of the stress distribution on the
preparation of the sandpile is explained as a dependence of certain attractors
on the preparation of the system. The model has three phases, but the history
dependence is shown to exist only in the phase where a perturbation is
amplified selectively rather than globally when propagating in the downflow
direction. The condition for this history dependence is given in terms of the
spatial Lyapunov exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123679 </DOCNO>
Observational Signatures of the First Stars


  At present, there are several feasible observational probes of the first
stars in the universe. Here, we examine the constraints on early stellar
activity from the metallicity of the high-redshift Ly-$\alpha$ clouds, from the
effects of stellar ionizing photons on reionization and the cosmic microwave
background (CMB), and from the implications of gravitational microlensing
results for the presence of stellar remnants in galactic halos. We also discuss
whether the above signatures are consistent with each other, i.e., if they
reflect the same population of stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 461 </DOCNO>
Strategies for the evolution of sex


  We find that the hypothesis made by Jan, Stauffer and Moseley [Theory in
Biosc., 119, 166 (2000)] for the evolution of sex, namely a strategy devised to
escape extinction due to too many deleterious mutations, is sufficient but not
necessary for the successful evolution of a steady state population of sexual
individuals within a finite population. Simply allowing for a finite
probability for conversion to sex in each generation also gives rise to a
stable sexual population, in the presence of an upper limit on the number of
deleterious mutations per individual. For large values of this probability, we
find a phase transition to an intermittent, multi-stable regime. On the other
hand, in the limit of extremely slow drive, another transition takes place to a
different steady state distribution, with fewer deleterious mutations within
the asexual population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73570 </DOCNO>
Contributions of Vector-Like Quarks to $B \to X_s \gamma$ and $B_s^0


  The radiative decay $\BSgamma$ and the mixing $\BsBs$ are discussed in the
vector-like quark model which contains extra SU(2)-singlet quarks with the same
electric charges as the up-type and down-type quarks. Constraints on the
extended Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix are obtained from the experimental
results for the branching ratio of $\BSgamma$ . Within these experimental
bounds, any value of the branching ratio can be accounted for by the
contributions from the vector-like quarks. In sizable ranges of the model
parameters, the mixing parameter for $\BsBs$ is much different from the
prediction of the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129261 </DOCNO>
Probing SZ Source Detection with Gasdynamical Simulations


  The huge worldwide investment in CMB experiments should make the
Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect a key probe of the cosmic web in the near future.
For the promise to be realized, substantial development of simulation and
analysis tools to relate observation to theory is needed. The high nonlinearity
and dissipative/feedback gas physics lead to highly non-Gaussian patterns that
are much more difficult to analyze than Gaussian primary anisotropies for which
the procedures are reasonably well developed. Historical forecasts for what CMB
experiments might see used semi-analytic tools, including large scale map
constructions, with localized and simplified pressure structures distributed on
a point process of (clustered) sources. Hydro studies beyond individual
cluster/supercluster systems were inadequate, but now large-volume simulations
with high resolution are beginning to shift the balance. We illustrate this by
applying ``Gasoline'' (parallelized Tree+SPH) computations to construct SZ maps
and derive statistical measures. We believe rapid Monte Carlo simulations using
parameterized templates centered on point processes informed by optical and
other means on the observational side, and by hydro simulations on the theory
side, should play an important role in pipelines to analyze the new SZ field
data. We show that localized sources should dominate upcoming SZ experiments,
identify sources in the maps under filtering and noise levels expected for
these experiments, use the RCS photometric optical survey as an example of
redshift localization, and discuss whether cosmic web patterns such as
superclusters can be enhanced when such extra source information is supplied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148625 </DOCNO>
Superstring BRST Cohomology


  We first derive all world-sheet action functionals for NSR superstring models
with (1,1) supersymmetry and any number of abelian gauge fields, for gauge
transformations of the standard form. Then we prove for these models that the
BRST cohomology groups $H^g(s)$, $g<4$ (with the antifields taken into account)
are isomorphic to those of the corresponding bosonic string models, whose
cohomology is fully known. This implies that the nontrivial global symmetries,
Noether currents, background charges, consistent deformations and candidate
gauge anomalies of an NSR (1,1) superstring model are in one-to-one
correspondence with their bosonic counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2157 </DOCNO>
Structural features, stacking faults, and grain boundaries in MgB2


  The structural properties of MgB2 superconductors have been analyzed by means
of convergent-beam electron diffraction, high-resolution transmission-electron
microscopy, and theoretical simulations. The MgB2 crystal has been identified
to have a hexagonal structure with the space group of P6/mmm. Microstructural
features of MgB6 materials depend evidently upon the synthesis pressures.
Stacking faults and grain boundaries in a sample with the critical current
density greater than 105A/cm2 have been extensively investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3115 </DOCNO>
Specific Heat upon Aqueous Unfolding of the Protein Interior: A


  We study theoretically the thermodynamics, over a broad temperature range (5
C to 125 C), related to hydrated water upon protein unfolding. The hydration
effect is modeled as interacting dipoles in an external field, mimicking the
influence from the unfolded surfaces on the surrounding water compared to bulk
water. The heat capacity change upon hydration is compared with experimental
data from Privalov and Makhatadze on four different proteins: myoglobin,
lysozyme, cytochrome c and ribonuclease. Despite the simplicity of the model,
it yields good correspondence with experiments. With some interest we note that
the effective coupling constants are the same for myoglobin, lysozyme, and
cytochrome c, although they are slightly different for ribonuclease.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86090 </DOCNO>
Causality Violation and Naked Time Machines in AdS_5


  We study supersymmetric charged rotating black holes in AdS$_5$, and show
that closed timelike curves occur outside the event horizon. Also upon lifting
to rotating D3 brane solutions of type IIB supergravity in ten dimensions,
closed timelike curves are still present. We believe that these causal
anomalies correspond to loss of unitarity in the dual ${\cal N}=4$, D=4 super
Yang-Mills theory, i.e. the chronology protection conjecture in the AdS bulk is
related to unitarity bounds in the boundary CFT. We show that no charged or
uncharged geodesic can penetrate the horizon, so that the exterior region is
geodesically complete. These results still hold true in the quantum case,
i.~e.~the total absorption cross section for Klein-Gordon scalars propagating
in the black hole background is zero. This suggests that the effective
temperature is zero instead of assuming the naively found imaginary value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40847 </DOCNO>
Radio limits on an isotropic flux of >100 EeV cosmic neutrinos


  We report on results from about 30 hours of livetime with the Goldstone Lunar
Ultra-high energy neutrino Experiment (GLUE). The experiment searches for <10
ns microwave pulses from the lunar regolith, appearing in coincidence at two
large radio telescopes separated by about 22 km and linked by optical fiber.
The pulses can arise from subsurface electromagnetic cascades induced by
interactions of up-coming ~100 EeV neutrinos in the lunar regolith. A new
triggering method implemented after the first 12 hours of livetime has
significantly reduced the terrestrial interference background, and we now
operate at the thermal noise level. No strong candidates are yet seen. We
report on limits implied by this non-detection, based on new Monte Carlo
estimates of the efficiency. We also report on preliminary analysis of smaller
pulses, where some indications of non-statistical excess may be present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74293 </DOCNO>
Short distance current correlators: Comparing lattice simulations to the


  Point to point correlators of currents are computed in quenched QCD using a
chiral lattice fermion action, the overlap action. I compare correlators made
of exact quark propagators with correlators restricted to low (less than 500
MeV) eigenvalue eigenmodes of the Dirac operator. In many cases they show
qualitative resemblence (typically at small values of the quark mass and
distances larger than 0.4 fm) and they differ qualitatively at larger quark
masses or at very short distance. Lattice results are in qualitative agreement
(and in the difference of vector and axial vector channels, quantitative
agreement) with the expectations of instanton liquid models. The scalar channel
shows the effects of a quenched finite volume zero mode artifact, a negative
correlator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76410 </DOCNO>
Constraints on New Interactions at LEP200 Energies in the Reaction


  The process $\EEGG$ is well suited to test QED and to search for new physics
phenomena, whose expected contribution with the increasing of energy. The
measurements of this reaction with the L3 detector are used to constrain a
model of an excited electron and to study contact interactions. No evidence for
these phenomena is found and new limits on their cut--off parameters are set.
The total and differential cross sections for the process $\EEGG$, are measured
at energies from 91 GeV to 202 GeV using the data collected with the L3
detector from 1991 to 1999. The newest analysis of the data, which were taken
during the last operation period of LEP200 is also included. Some applications
of obtained limits to the string theory in quantum gravity are discussed. This
paper has been withdrawn by the author(s). Paper is on hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7025 </DOCNO>
Griffiths phases in the strongly disordered Kondo necklace model


  The effect of strong disorder on the one-dimensional Kondo necklace model is
studied using a perturbative real-space renormalization group approach which
becomes asymptotically exact in the low energy limit. The phase diagram of the
model presents a random quantum critical point separating two phases; the {\em
random singlet phase} of a quantum disordered XY chain and the random Kondo
phase. We also consider an anisotropic version of the model and show that it
maps on the strongly disordered transverse Ising model. The present results
provide a rigorous microscopic basis for non-Fermi liquid behavior in
disordered heavy fermions due to Griffiths phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77098 </DOCNO>
Status of a hybrid three-neutrino interpretation of neutrino data


  We re-analyse the non-standard interaction (NSI) solutions to the solar
neutrino problem in the light of the latest solar as well as atmospheric
neutrino data. The latter require oscillations (OSC), while the former do not.
Within such a three-neutrino framework the solar and atmospheric neutrino
sectors are connected not only by the neutrino mixing angle theta_13
constrained by reactor and atmospheric data, but also by the flavour-changing
(FC) and non-universal (NU) parameters accounting for the solar data. Since the
NSI solution is energy-independent the spectrum is undistorted, so that the
global analysis observables are the solar neutrino rates in all experiments as
well as the Super-Kamiokande day-night measurements. We find that the NSI
description of solar data is slightly better than that of the OSC solution and
that the allowed NSI regions are determined mainly by the rate analysis. By
using a few simplified ansatzes for the NSI interactions we explicitly
demonstrate that the NSI values indicated by the solar data analysis are fully
acceptable also for the atmospheric data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41013 </DOCNO>
CP Violation and the Absence of Second Class Currents in Charmless B


  The absence of second class currents together with the assumption of
factorization for non-leptonic B decays provide new constraints on CP
observables in decay B to a0(980)(to eta pi) pi. The kinematics of this decay
do not allow interference between the oppositely charged resonances in the
Dalitz plot as in B0 to rho(770)pi. Nonetheless, under the assumption of
factorization,the a0pi two-body time-dependent isospin analysis leads to a more
robust extraction of the angle alpha than in the rhopi isospin-pentagon
analysis. The absence of second class currents might lead to enhanced direct CP
violation and/or allows for a test of some assumptions made in the alpha
analysis in other decays like B to a0rho, B to b1(1235)pi, B to a0 a0, B to
eta(eta')pipi and B to b1 a0. The effects from non-factorizable contributions
on the determination of alpha are estimated by means of a numerical study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72633 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to the Casimir energy and effective field theory


  We discuss radiative corrections to the Casimir effect from an effective
field theory point of view. It is an improvement and more complete version of a
previous discussion by Kong and Ravndal. By writing down the most general
effective Lagrangian respecting the symmetries and the boundary conditions, we
are able to reproduce earlier results of Bordag, Robaschik and Wieczorek
calculated in full QED. They obtained the correction E_0^(1) =
\pi^2\alpha/2560mL^4 to the Casimir energy. We find that this leading
correction is due to surface terms in the effective theory, which we attribute
to having dominant fluctuations localized on the plates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113487 </DOCNO>
High-precision calculations of van der Waals coefficients for


  Van der Waals coefficients for the heteronuclear alkali-metal dimers of Li,
Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr are calculated using relativistic ab initio methods
augmented by high-precision experimental data. We argue that the uncertainties
in the coefficients are unlikely to exceed about 1%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6321 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport properties of untwinned YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} single


  We present the result of our accurate measurements of the a- and b-axis
resistivity (\rho_a and \rho_b), magnetoconductivity (\Delta\sigma / \sigma),
Hall coefficient R_H, and the a-axis thermopower S_a in untwinned
YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} single crystals in a wide range of doping (6.45 < y < 7.0).
The systematics of our data reveals a number of novel 60-K-phase anomalies in
the charge transport: (i) Temperature dependences of \rho_a show anomalous
overlap below ~130 K for 6.65 < y < 6.80, (ii) Hall mobility \mu_H shows an
enhancement near y ~ 6.65, which is reflected in an anomalous y dependence of
\sigma_{xy}, (iii) With decreasing temperature R_H shows a marked drop upon
approaching T_c only in samples with 6.70 < y < 6.85, (iv) Superconducting
fluctuation magnetoconductivity is anomalously enhanced near y ~ 6.7, and (v)
H_{c2} is anomalously reduced near y ~ 6.70. We discuss that the fluctuating
charge stripes might be responsible for these anomalies in the charge
transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83793 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic asynchronous pi-calculus


  We propose an extension of the asynchronous pi-calculus with a notion of
random choice. We define an operational semantics which distinguishes between
probabilistic choice, made internally by the process, and nondeterministic
choice, made externally by an adversary scheduler. This distinction will allow
us to reason about the probabilistic correctness of algorithms under certain
schedulers. We show that in this language we can solve the electoral problem,
which was proved not possible in the asynchronous $\pi$-calculus. Finally, we
show an implementation of the probabilistic asynchronous pi-calculus in a
Java-like language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72630 </DOCNO>
An introduction to CHPT


  These lectures provide an elementary introduction to Chiral Perturbation
Theory, focused on the sector of pseudoscalar meson interactions. Basic
concepts and technical methods of this approach are discussed on general
grounds and with the help of a few specific examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85878 </DOCNO>
Gravitomagnetic Clock Effects in Black Hole Spacetimes


  Gravitomagnetic clock effects for circularly rotating orbits in black hole
spacetimes are studied from a relative observer point of view, clarifying the
roles played by special observer families.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74416 </DOCNO>
Model for Small neutrino masses at the TeV Scale


  We propose a model for neutrino mass generation in wich no physics beyond a
TeV is required. We extend the standard model by adding two charged singlet
fields with lepton number two. Dirac neutrino masses $m_{\nu_D} \leq MeV$ are
generated at the one loop level. Small left handed majorana neutrino masses can
be generated via the seesaw mechanism with right handed neutrino masses $M_R$
are of order TeV scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128015 </DOCNO>
Astrometry Survey Missions Beyond the Magnitude Limit


  Three planned astrometry survey satellites, FAME, DIVA, and GAIA, all aim at
observing magnitude-limited samples. We argue that substantial additional
scientific opportunities are within the reach of these mission if they devote a
modest fraction of their catalogs to selected targets that are fainter than
their magnitude limits. We show that the addition of ~10^6 faint (R>15) targets
to the 40 10^6 object FAME catalog can improve the precision of the reference
frame by a factor 2.5, to 7 micro-as/yr, increase Galactocentric distance at
which halo rotation can be precisely (2 km/s) measured by a factor 4, to 25
kpc, and increase the number of late M dwarfs, L dwarfs, and white dwarfs with
good parallaxes by an order of magnitude. In most cases, the candidate quasars,
horizontal branch stars, and dim dwarfs that should be observed to achieve
these aims are not yet known. We present various methods to identify candidates
from these classes, and assess the efficiencies of these methods. The analysis
presented here can be applied to DIVA with modest modifications. Application to
GAIA should be deferred until the characteristics of potential targets are
better constrained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41339 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the exclusive branching fractions B^0 --> eta K^{*0) and


  We present the results of searches for B decays to the two charmless two-body
final states B^0 --> eta K^{*0} and B^+ --> eta K^{*+}, based on 20.7 fb-1 of
data collected in 1999 and 2000 with the BABAR detector at PEP-II. We find the
branching fractions BF(B^0 --> eta K^{*0}) = (19.8^{+6.5}_{-5.6} +/- 1.7) x
10^{-6} and BF(B^+ --> eta K^{*+}) = (22.1^{+11.1}_{-9.2} +/- 3.3) x 10^{-6},
where the first error quoted is the statistical and the second systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5631 </DOCNO>
Spin and orbital effects of Cooper pairs coupled to a single magnetic


  The Kondo effect strongly depends on spin and orbital degrees of freedom of
unconventional superconductivity. We focus on the Kondo effect in the $p_x + i
p_y$-wave and $d_{x^2 - y^2} + i d_{xy}$-wave superconductors to compare the
magnetic properties of the spin-triplet and spin-singlet Cooper pairs. The
difference appears when both of the paired electrons couple to a local spin
directly. For the $p_x + i p_y$-wave, the ground state is always a spin doublet
for a $S_{\rm imp} = 1/2$ local spin, and it is always a spin singlet for
$S_{\rm imp} = 1$. The latter is due to uniaxial spin anisotropy of the triplet
Cooper pair. For the $d_{x^2 - y^2} + i d_{xy}$-wave, the interchange of ground
states occurs, which resembles a competition between the Kondo effect and the
superconducting energy gap in s-wave superconductors. Thus the internal degrees
of freedom of Cooper pairs give a variety to the Kondo effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76703 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis at the TeV scale


  We present a general description of the problems encountered when attempting
to build a simple model of leptogenesis and hence of baryogenesis at an energy
scale as low as 1-10 TeV. We consider three possible lepton asymmetry
enhancement mechanisms in the out-of-equilibrium decay scenario, emphasizing
the three body decay mechanism as most natural. A new model based on the three
body decays of right-handed neutrinos is proposed. It naturally allows both
leptogenesis and neutrino mass generation at low scale. Also discussed is the
possibility of inducing leptogenesis at low scale in existing neutrino mass
models: Fukugita-Yanagida model, Higgs triplet model, Zee model and models with
R-parity violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1816 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and dephasing in coupled Josephson-junction qubits


  We investigate the decoherence and dephasing of two coupled Josephson qubits.
With the interaction between the qubits being generated by current-current
correlations, two different situations in which the qubits are coupled to the
same bath, or to two independent baths, are considered. Upon focussing on
dissipation being caused by the fluctuations of voltage sources, the relaxation
and dephasing rates are explicitly evaluated. Analytical and numerical results
for the coupled qubits dynamics are provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127309 </DOCNO>
How Did Globular Clusters Form?


  It is suggested that there have been at least two physically distinct epochs
of massive cluster formation. The first generation of globular clusters may
have formed as halo gas was compressed by shocks driven inward by ionization
fronts generated during cosmic reionization at z ~ 6. On the other hand a
second generation of massive clusters might have been formed at later times by
compression, and subsequent collapse, of giant molecular clouds. In some cases
this compression may have been triggered by heating of the interstellar medium
via collisions between gas-rich disk galaxies. It is also suggested that the
present specific globular cluster frequency in galaxies was mainly determined
by the peak rate of star creation, with elevated peak rates of star formation
per unit area resulting in high present specific globular cluster frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126298 </DOCNO>
Dust penetrated morphology in the high redshift Universe


  Images from the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) North and South show a large
percentage of dusty, high redshift galaxies whose appearance falls outside
traditional classification systems. The nature of these objects is not yet
fully understood. Since the HDF preferentially samples restframe UV light, HDF
morphologies are not dust or `mask' penetrated. The appearance of high redshift
galaxies at near-infrared restframes remains a challenge for the New
Millennium. The Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) could routinely provide
us with such images. In this contribution, we quantitatively determine the
dust-penetrated structures of high redshift galaxies such as NGC 922 in their
near-infrared restframes. We show that such optically peculiar objects may
readily be classified using the dust penetrated z ~ 0 templates of Block and
Puerari (1999) and Buta and Block (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5541 </DOCNO>
Metric-tensor flexible-cell algorithm for isothermal-isobaric molecular


  An extended Hamiltonian approach to conduct isothermal-isobaric molecular
dynamics simulations with full cell flexibility is presented. The components of
the metric tensor are used as the fictitious degrees of freedom for the cell,
thus avoiding the problem of spurious cell rotations and artificial symmetry
breaking effects present in the original Parrinello-Rahman scheme. This is
complemented by the Nose-Poincare approach for isothermal sampling. The
combination of these two approaches leads to equations of motion that are
Hamiltonian in structure, and which can therefore be solved numerically using
recently developed powerful symplectic integrators. One such integrator, the
generalised leap-frog, is employed to provide a numerical algorithm for
integrating the isothermal-isobaric equations of motion obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74567 </DOCNO>
MONOLITH: a high resolution neutrino oscillation experiment


  MONOLITH is a proposed massive magnetized tracking calorimeter at the Gran
Sasso laboratory in Italy, optimized for the detection of atmospheric muon
neutrinos. The main goal is to test the neutrino oscillation hypothesis through
an explicit observation of the full first oscillation swing. The sensitivity
range for this measurement comfortably covers the entire Super-Kamiokande
allowed region. Other measurements include studies of matter effects, the NC/CC
and neutrino/anti-neutrino ratio with atmospheric neutrinos and auxiliary
measurements from the CERN to Gran Sasso neutrino beam. Depending on approval,
data taking with part of the detector could start in 2005. The MONOLITH
detector and its performance are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85679 </DOCNO>
Generation of exact solutions in cosmology on the basis of


  The homogeneous and isotropic model of the Universe is considered in the
framework of the five-dimensional Projective Unified Field Theory in which the
gravitation is described both by curvature of space-time and some hypothetical
scalar field ($\sigma$-field). We propose a generation method of exact
solutions. New exact Friedmann-like solutions for the dust model and
inflationary solutions are found. It is shown that in the framework of the
exponential type inflation we obtain a natural explanation why at present time
we do not observe the $\sigma$-field effects or why these effects are so
negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128795 </DOCNO>
First Clear Signature of an Extended Dark Matter Halo in the Draco Dwarf


  We present the first clear evidence for an extended dark matter halo in the
Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy based on a sample of new radial velocities for
159 giant stars out to large projected radii. Using a two parameter family of
halo models spanning a range of density profiles and velocity anisotropies, we
are able to rule out (at about the 2.5 sigma confidence level) haloes in which
mass follows light. The data strongly favor models in which the dark matter is
significantly more extended than the visible dwarf. However, haloes with
harmonic cores larger than the light distribution are also excluded. When
combined with existing measurements of the proper motion of Draco, our data
strongly suggest that Draco has not been tidally truncated within ~1 kpc. We
also show that the rising velocity dispersion at large radii represents a
serious problem for modified gravity (MOND).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114493 </DOCNO>
Front-End electronics configuration system for CMS


  The four LHC experiments at CERN have decided to use a commercial SCADA
(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) product for the supervision of their
DCS (Detector Control System). The selected SCADA, which is therefore used for
the CMS DCS, is PVSS II from the company ETM. This SCADA has its own database,
which is suitable for storing conventional controls data such as voltages,
temperatures and pressures. In addition, calibration data and FE (Front-End)
electronics configuration need to be stored. The amount of these data is too
large to be stored in the SCADA database [1]. Therefore an external database
will be used for managing such data. However, this database should be
completely integrated into the SCADA framework, it should be accessible from
the SCADA and the SCADA features, e.g. alarming, logging should be benefited
from. For prototyping, Oracle 8i was selected as the external database manager.
The development of the control system for calibration constants and FE
electronics configuration has been done in close collaboration with the CMS
tracker group and JCOP (Joint COntrols Project)(1).
  (1)The four LHC experiments and the CERN IT/CO group has merged their efforts
to build the experiments controls systems and set up the JCOP at the end of
December, 1997 for this purpose.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96490 </DOCNO>
Theta-curve polynomials and finite-type invariants


  The normalized Yamada polynomial is a polynomial invariant in variable A for
theta-curves. In this work, we show that the coefficients of the power series
obtained from this polynomial by the substitution A=e^x=1+x+x^2/2+x^3/6+... are
finite-type invariants for theta-curves although the coefficients of original
polynomial are not. A similar result can be obtained in the case of Yokota
polynomial for theta-curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127816 </DOCNO>
Chandra and RXTE Observations of X-ray Novae


  We discuss new observations of X-ray novae with Chandra which provide strong
evidence that black holes have event horizons. The evidence is based on the
finding that black hole X-ray novae in quiescence are approximately 100 times
fainter than equivalent neutron star X-ray novae. The advection-dominated
accretion flow model provides a natural explanation for this difference. RXTE
observations of XTE J1550-564 in the very high state, which were obtained
during the 1998-1999 outburst of the source, reveal an extraordinarily tight
correlation between the central frequency of the low frequency QPO and the
soft, non-power-law flux in the 2-20 keV band. We discuss the nature of this
soft spectral component and suggest the importance of obtaining direct
observations of it at low energies (E < 2 keV) at the first available
opportunity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125054 </DOCNO>
A Detailed Analysis of a Cygnus Loop Shock-Cloud Interaction


  The XA region of the Cygnus Loop is a complex zone of radiative and
nonradiative shocks interacting with interstellar clouds. We combine five far
ultraviolet spectral observations from the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT),
a grid of 24 IUE spectra and a high-resolution longslit Halpha spectrum to
study the spatial emission line variations across the region. These spectral
data are placed in context using ground-based, optical emission line images of
the region and a far-UV image obtained by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope
(UIT). The presence of high-ionization ions (OVI, NV, CIV) indicates a shock
velocity near 170 km/s while other diagnostics indicate v_shock=140 km/s. It is
likely that a large range of shock velocities may exist at a spatial scale
smaller than we are able to resolve. By comparing CIV 1550, CIII 977 and CIII]
1909, we explore resonance scattering across the region. We find that a
significant column depth is present at all positions, including those not near
bright optical/UV filaments. Analysis of the OVI doublet ratio suggests an
average optical depth of about unity in that ion while flux measurements of
[SiVIII] 1443 suggest a hot component in the region at just below 10^6K. Given
the brightness of the OVI emission and the age of the interaction, we rule out
the mixing layer interpretation of the UV emission. Furthermore, we formulate a
picture of the XA region as the encounter of the blast wave with a finger of
dense gas protruding inward from the pre-SN cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96991 </DOCNO>
Automorphism groups and derivation algebras of finitely generated vertex


  We investigate the general structure of the automorphism group and the Lie
algebra of derivations of a finitely generated vertex operator algebra. The
automorphism group is isomorphic to an algebraic group. Under natural
assumptions, the derivation algebra has an invariant bilinear form and the
ideal of inner derivations is nonsingular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149028 </DOCNO>
Finite Noncommutative Chern-Simons with a Wilson Line and the Quantum


  We present a finite dimensional matrix model associated to the noncommutative
Chern-Simons theory, obtained by inserting a Wilson line. For a specific choice
of the representation of the Wilson line the model is equivalent to the minimal
modification of the matrix model which is compatible with finite dimensional
matrices, and was introduced previously to study droplets of quantum Hall
fluid. For other representations we obtain generalizations corresponding to
regularized U(n) Chern-Simons theoris, representing multilayered quantum Hall
fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4350 </DOCNO>
Parameters for Systems Exhibiting Local Lattice Distortions, Charge and


  Keeping in mind the experimental results that indicate local lattice
distortions, charge and spin orderings, we have developed a phenomenological
approach which allows us to describe the electronic phase diagram of cuprates
and related systems in terms of few parameters.In the present work we consider
a third-order parameter theory which characterize charge, spin and
superconductivity orderings. We are thus led to a theory of three scalar
fields. By coupling these scalars to gauge fields we are naturally led to
string-like solutions, which we interpret as stripes. This ties nicely with our
quantum group conjecture that 1d systems play an important role in the physics
of cuprates and related materials. We show that this simple approach can give
rough values for two-order parameters which can be naively be interpreted as
charge and spin orderings. We also report our attempt to understand how local
lattice distortions are involved and what role they play in terms of these two
order parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123481 </DOCNO>
The Connection between BL Lacs and FSRQs


  We discuss the features that mark the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars from the BL
Lacertae objects. We propose that FSRQs exceeding L = 10^{46} erg/s are powered
by black hole accreting at rates dm/dt = 1 - 10; their power is dominated by
the disk components, thermal and BZ. Instead, sources accreting at rates
10^{-3} < dm/dt < 10^{-2} radiate in the BL Lac mode; here the power is mainly
non-thermal, and is driven by the rotational energy stored in a Kerr hole which
sustains L < 10^{46} erg/s in the jet frame for Gyrs. The two populations may
be even linked if around the same objects dm/dt drops in time; then some
negative cosmological evolution is expected for the newborn BL Lacs fed by the
dying FSRQs. Further implications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168768 </DOCNO>
Perturbation Theory and Numerical Modeling of Quantum Logic Operations


  The perturbation theory is developed based on small parameters which
naturally appear in solid state quantum computation. We report the simulations
of the dynamics of quantum logic operations with a large number of qubits (up
to 1000). A nuclear spin chain is considered in which selective excitations of
spins are provided by having a uniform gradient of the external magnetic field.
Quantum logic operations are utilized by applying resonant electromagnetic
pulses. The spins interact with their nearest neighbors. We simulate the
creation of the long-distance entanglement between remote qubits in the spin
chain. Our method enables us to minimize unwanted non-resonant effects in a
controlled way. The method we use cannot simulate complicated quantum logic (a
quantum computer is required to do this), but it can be useful to test the
experimental performance of simple quantum logic operations. We show that: (a)
the probability distribution of unwanted states has a ``band'' structure, (b)
the directions of spins in typical unwanted states are highly correlated, and
(c) many of the unwanted states are high-energy states of a quantum computer (a
spin chain). Our approach can be applied to simple quantum logic gates and
fragments of quantum algorithms involving a large number of qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2309 </DOCNO>
Tiling of the five-fold surface of Al(70)Pd(21)Mn(9)


  The nature of the five-fold surface of Al(70)Pd(21)Mn(9) has been
investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy. From high resolution images
of the terraces, a tiling of the surface has been constructed using pentagonal
prototiles. This tiling matches the bulk model of Boudard et. al. (J. Phys.:
Cond. Matter 4, 10149, (1992)), which allows us to elucidate the atomic nature
of the surface. Furthermore, it is consistent with a Penrose tiling T^*((P1)r)
obtained from the geometric model based on the three-dimensional tiling
T^*(2F). The results provide direct confirmation that the five-fold surface of
i-Al-Pd-Mn is a termination of the bulk structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7424 </DOCNO>
Quantum criticalities in a two-leg antiferromagnetic S=1/2 ladder


  We study a two-leg antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 ladder in the presence of a
staggered magnetic field. We consider two parameter regimes: strong (weak)
coupling along the legs and weak (strong) coupling along the rungs. In both
cases, the staggered field drives the Haldane spin-liquid phase of the ladder
towards a Gaussian quantum criticality. In a generalized spin ladder with a
non-Haldane, spontaneously dimerized phase, the staggered magnetic field
induces an Ising quantum critical regime. In the vicinity of the critical
lines, we derive low-energy effective field theories and use these descriptions
to determine the dynamical response functions, the staggered spin
susceptibility and the string order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7302 </DOCNO>
Persistence of a Continuous Stochastic Process with Discrete-Time


  We consider the problem of `discrete-time persistence', which deals with the
zero-crossings of a continuous stochastic process, X(T), measured at discrete
times, T = n(\Delta T). For a Gaussian Stationary Process the persistence (no
crossing) probability decays as exp(-\theta_D T) = [\rho(a)]^n for large n,
where a = \exp[-(\Delta T)/2], and the discrete persistence exponent, \theta_D,
is given by \theta_D = \ln(\rho)/2\ln(a). Using the `Independent Interval
Approximation', we show how \theta_D varies with (\Delta T) for small (\Delta
T) and conclude that experimental measurements of persistence for smooth
processes, such as diffusion, are less sensitive to the effects of discrete
sampling than measurements of a randomly accelerated particle or random walker.
We extend the matrix method developed by us previously [Phys. Rev. E 64,
015151(R) (2001)] to determine \rho(a) for a two-dimensional random walk and
the one-dimensional random acceleration problem. We also consider `alternating
persistence', which corresponds to a < 0, and calculate \rho(a) for this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97785 </DOCNO>
Mathematical modelling of an array of nuclear waste containers


  The goal of this paper is to give a mathematical model describing the global
be haviour of the nuclear waste disposal process.The physical situation can be
described as an array made of high number of alveoles inside of a low permeable
layer (e.g. clay) included between two layers with slightly higher permeability
(e.g. limestone). Radioactive elements are leaking from their containers over a
period of time ]0,t_m[ . In a porous media (clay) there is a dilution effect
(similar to diffusion) and convection due to some underground water flow. The
real physical situation is simplified by replacing 5 alveoles by one macro
alveole and by considering the convection velocity as a given field. These
simplifications seam to be unimportant for understanding the global effects.
The typical size of such macro alveole is of order : 100 m width, 1000 m
length, 5 m hight. The distance between two alveoles is also of order 100 m.
The size of law permeable layer is of order 150 m hight, and 3000 length. Since
alveoles are small compared to the size of layer and their number is large
direct numerical simulations using the {\em microscopic} model is unrealistic.
On the other hand the ratio between domain length and the length of one alveole
is small, of order 1/30, and allows an asymptotic study with respect to that
small parameter, denoted by \epsilon, using the method of homogenization and
boundary layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41251 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations with Two $\Delta m^2$ Scales


  An approximation that is often used in fits to reactor and atmospheric
neutrino data and in some studies of future neutrino oscillation experiments is
to assume one dominant scale, $\Delta m^2$, of neutrino mass squared
differences, in particular, $\Delta m^2_{atm} \sim 3 \times 10^{-3}$ eV$^2$.
Here we investigate the corrections to this approximation arising from the
quantity $\Delta m^2_{sol}$ relevant for solar neutrino oscillations, assuming
the large mixing angle solution. We show that for values of
$\sin^2(2\theta_{13}) \sim 10^{-2}$ (in the range of interest for long-baseline
neutrino oscillation experiments with either intense conventional neutrino
beams such as JHF-SuperK or a possible future neutrino factory) and for $\Delta
m^2_{sol} \sim 10^{-4}$ eV$^2$, the contributions to $\nu_\mu \to\nu_e$
oscillations from both CP-conserving and CP-violating terms involving
$\sin^2(\Delta m^2_{sol}L/(4E))$ can be comparable to the terms involving
$\sin^2(\Delta m^2_{atm}L/(4E))$ retained in the one-$\Delta m^2$
approximation. Accordingly, we emphasize the importance of performing a full
three-flavor, two-$\Delta m^2$ analysis of the data on $\nu_\mu \to \nu_e$
oscillations in a conventional-beam experiment and $\nu_e \to \nu_\mu$,
$\bar\nu_e \to \bar\nu_\mu$ oscillations at a neutrino factory. We also discuss
a generalized analysis method for the KamLAND reactor experiment, and note how
the information from this experiment can be used to facilitate the analysis of
the subsequent data on $\nu_\mu \to \nu_e$ oscillations. Finally, we consider
the analysis of atmospheric neutrino data and present calculations of matter
effects in a three-flavor, two-$\Delta m^2$ framework relevant to this data and
to neutrino factory measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3163 </DOCNO>
Parametric Dynamics of Level Spacings in Quantum Chaos


  We identify parametric (radial) Bessel-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stochastic
processes as primitive dynamical models of energy level repulsion in irregular
quantum systems. Familiar GOE, GUE, GSE and non-Hermitian
 Ginibre universality classes of spacing distributions arise as special cases
in that formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149737 </DOCNO>
Structure of singularities on the world sheets of relativistic strings


  We show that relativistic strings of open and closed types in Minkowski
space-time of dimension 3 and 4 have topologically stable singular points. This
paper describes the structure of singularities, derives their normal forms, and
introduces a local characteristic of singularity (topological charge),
possessing a global law of conservation. Two other types of solutions (breaking
and exotic strings) are also considered, which have singularities at arbitrary
value of dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149236 </DOCNO>
D-branes and Cosmological Singularities


  The motion of a test Dq-brane in a Dp-brane background is studied. The
induced metric on the test brane is then interpreted as the cosmology of the
test brane universe. One is then able to resolve the resulting cosmological
singularities. In particular, for a D3-brane in a D5-brane background, one
finds a 3+1 dimensional FRW universe with equation of state $p = \ed$. It has
been argued that this may have been the dominant form of matter at very early
times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81247 </DOCNO>
Singular gauge potentials and the gluon condensate at zero temperature


  We consider a new cooling procedure which separates gluon degrees of freedom
from singular center vortices in SU(2) LGT in a gauge invariant way. Restricted
by a cooling scale $\kappa^4/\sigma^2$ fixing the residual SO(3) gluonic action
relative to the string tension, the procedure is RG invariant. In the limit
$\kappa \to 0$ a pure Z(2) vortex texture is left. This {\it minimal} vortex
content does not contribute to the string tension. It reproduces, however, the
lowest glueball states. With an action density scaling like $a^4$ with $\beta$,
it defines a finite contribution to the action density at T=0 in the continuum
limit. We propose to interpret this a mass dimension 4 condensate related to
the gluon condensate. Similarly, this vortex texture is revealed in the Landau
gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95674 </DOCNO>
Intersection cohomology of representation spaces of surface groups


  We show by studying the symplectic geometry of the extended moduli space that
the intersection cohomology of the representation space
$Hom(\pi_1(\Sigma),G)/G$ for a simply connected compact Lie group $G$ is
naturally embedded into the $G$ equivariant cohomology of
$Hom(\pi_1(\Sigma),G)$ where $\Sigma$ is a closed Riemann surface. This enables
us to compute the intersection cohomology as a graded vector space with
intersection pairing, in terms of the equivariant cohomology ring. The case
where $G=SU(2)$ -- the moduli space of rank 2 holomorphic vector bundles of
even degree -- is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98280 </DOCNO>
Discrete Torsion, Quotient Stacks, and String Orbifolds


  This is the writeup of a lecture given at the May Wisconsin workshop on
mathematical aspects of orbifold string theory. In the first part of this
lecture, we review recent work on discrete torsion, and outline how it is
currently understood in terms of the B field. In the second part of this
lecture, we discuss the relationship between quotient stacks and string
orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97669 </DOCNO>
Covering Dimension for Nuclear C*-Algebras II


  The completely positive rank is an analogue of topological covering
dimension, defined for nuclear C*-algebras via completely positive
approximations. These may be thought of as simplicial approximations of the
algebra, which leads to the concept of piecewise homogeneous maps and a notion
of noncommutative simplicial complexes.
  We introduce a technical variation of the completely positive rank and show
that the two theories coincide in many important cases. Furthermore we analyze
some of their properties; in particular we show that both theories behave
nicely with respect to ideals and that they coincide with covering dimension of
the spectrum for certain continuous trace C*-algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87216 </DOCNO>
Creation of scalar and Dirac particles in the presence of a time varying


  In this article we compute the density of scalar and Dirac particles created
by a cosmological anisotropic Bianchi type I universe in the presence of a time
varying electric field. We show that the particle distribution becomes thermal
when one neglects the electric interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96443 </DOCNO>
Some identities for enumerators of circulant graphs


  We establish analytically several new identities connecting enumerators of
different types of circulant graphs of prime, twice prime and prime-squared
orders. In particular, it is shown that the semi-sum of the number of
undirected circulants and the number of undirected self-complementary
circulants of prime order is equal to the number of directed self-complementary
circulants of the same order.
  Keywords: circulant graph; cycle index; cyclic group; nearly doubled primes;
Cunningham chain; self-complementary graph; tournament; mixed graph

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4675 </DOCNO>
Forecasting Uncertain Events with Small Groups


  We present a novel methodology for predicting future outcomes that uses small
numbers of individuals participating in an imperfect information market. By
determining their risk attitudes and performing a nonlinear aggregation of
their predictions, we are able to assess the probability of the future outcome
of an uncertain event and compare it to both the objective probability of its
occurrence and the performance of the market as a whole. Experiments show that
this nonlinear aggregation mechanism vastly outperforms both the imperfect
market and the best of the participants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124511 </DOCNO>
The evolution of core and surface magnetic field in isolated neutron


  We apply the model of flux expulsion from the superfluid and superconductive
core of a neutron star, developed by Konenkov & Geppert (2000), both to neutron
star models based on different equations of state and to different initial
magnetic field structures. When initially the core and the surface magnetic
field are of the same order of magnitude, the rate of flux expulsion from the
core is almost independent of the equation of state, and the evolution of the
surface field decouples from the core field evolution with increasing
stiffness. When the surface field is initially much stronger than the core
field, the magnetic and rotational evolution resembles to those of a neutron
star with a purely crustal field configuration; the only difference is the
occurence of a residual field. In case of an initially submerged field
significant differences from the standard evolution occur only during the early
period of neutron star's life, until the field has been rediffused to the
surface. The reminder of the episode of submergence is a correlation of the
residual field strength with the submergence depth of the initial field. We
discuss the effect of the rediffusion of the magnetic field on to the
difference between the real and the active age of young pulsars and on their
braking indices. Finally, we estimate the shear stresses built up by the moving
fluxoids at the crust--core interface and show that preferentially in neutron
stars with a soft equation of state these stresses may cause crust cracking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98602 </DOCNO>
Gr\"obner $\delta$-bases and Gr\"obner bases for differential operators


  This paper deals with the notion of Gr\"obner $\delta$-base for some rings of
linear differential operators by adapting the works of W. Trinks, A. Assi, M.
Insa and F. Pauer. We compare this notion with the one of Gr\"obner base for
such rings. As an application, and following a previous work of A. Assi, we
give some results on finiteness and on flatness of finitely generated left
modules over these rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6084 </DOCNO>
Fluctuating-friction molecular motors


  We show that the correlated stochastic fluctuation of the friction
coefficient can give rise to long-range directional motion of a particle
undergoing Brownian random walk in a constant periodic energy potential
landscape. The occurrence of this motion requires the presence of two
additional independent bodies interacting with the particle via friction and
via the energy potential, respectively, which can move relative to each other.
Such three-body system generalizes the classical Brownian ratchet mechanism,
which requires only two interacting bodies. In particular, we describe a simple
two-level model of fluctuating-friction molecular motor that can be solved
analytically. In our previous work [M.K., L.M and D.P. 2000 J. Nonlinear Opt.
Phys. Mater. vol. 9, 157] this model has been first applied to understanding
the fundamental mechanism of the photoinduced reorientation of dye-doped liquid
crystals. Applications of the same idea to other fields such as molecular
biology and nanotechnology can however be envisioned. As an example, in this
paper we work out a model of the actomyosin system based on the
fluctuating-friction mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125922 </DOCNO>
Non-integrable galactic dynamics


  Orbital and self-consistent dynamics of non-integrable galaxy models are
reviewed. Topics covered include torus construction; resonances; triaxial
systems with central singularities; mixing and collisionless relaxation; and
chaos in collisional systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148715 </DOCNO>
No ghost state of Gauss-Bonnet interaction in warped backgrounds


  A general solution to the Einstein field equations with Gauss-Bonnet(GB) term
in the $AdS_5$ brane background implies that the GB coupling $\alpha$ can take
either sign (+ or -), though a positive $\alpha$ will be more meaningful. By
considering linearized gravity with GB term in the Randall-Sundrum(RS) a
singular 3-brane model, we study the gravitational interactions between matter
sources localized on the brane. With a correctly defined boundary condition on
the brane, we find a smooth behavior of graviton propagator and hence the
zero-mode solution as a 4d massless graviton localized on the brane with
correct momentum and tensor structures. The coupling $\alpha$ modifies the
graviton propagators both on the brane and in the bulk. The issue on ghost
state of the GB term is resolved, and we find that there is no real ghost
(negative norm) state of the GB term in the RS single brane picture. The latter
condition leads to a consistency in the coupling between the brane matter and
the bulk gravity. We also elucidate about the possibilities for behavior of a
test particle on the brane and in five space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1418 </DOCNO>
Integrable variant of the one-dimensional Hubbard model


  A new integrable model which is a variant of the one-dimensional Hubbard
model is proposed. The integrability of the model is verified by presenting the
associated quantum R-matrix which satisfies the Yang-Baxter equation. We
argue that the new model possesses the SO(4) algebra symmetry, which contains a
representation of the $\eta$-pairing SU(2) algebra and a spin SU(2) algebra.
Additionally, the algebraic Bethe ansatz is studied by means of the quantum
inverse scattering method. The spectrum of the Hamiltonian, eigenvectors, as
well as the Bethe ansatz equations, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 544 </DOCNO>
Bond-order-wave phase and quantum phase transitions in the


  We use a stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo method to study the
phase diagram of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model at half filling for
small to intermediate values of the on-site (U) and nearest-neighbor (V)
repulsions. We confirm the existence of a novel, long-range-ordered
bond-order-wave (BOW) phase recently predicted by Nakamura (J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
68, 3123 (1999)) in a small region of the parameter space between the familiar
charge-density-wave (CDW) state for V > U/2 and the state with dominant
spin-density-wave (SDW) fluctuations for V < U/2. We discuss the nature of the
transitions among these states and evaluate some of the critical exponents.
Further, we determine accurately the position of the multi-critical point,
(U_m,V_m)= (4.7 +/- 0.1, 2.51 +/- 0.04) (in energy units where the hopping
integral is normalized to unity), above which the two continuous SDW-BOW-CDW
transitions are replaced by one discontinuous (first-order) direct SDW-CDW
transition. We also discuss the evolution of the CDW and BOW states upon hole
doping. We find that in both cases the ground state is a Luther-Emery liquid,
i.e., the spin gap remains but the charge gap existing at half-filling is
immediately closed upon doping. The charge and bond-order correlations decay
with distance r as r^{-K_rho}, where K_rho is approximately 0.5 for the
parameters we have considered. We also discuss advantages of using parallel
tempering (or exchange Monte Carlo) -- an extended ensemble method that we here
combine with quantum Monte Carlo -- in studies of quantum phase transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1689 </DOCNO>
Determination of the chemical potential and the energy of the \nu=1/2


  We consider the energy density of a spin polarized $\nu=1/2$ system for low
temperatures. We show that due to the elimination of the magnetic field and the
field of the positive background charge in the calculation of the grand
canonical potential of Chern-Simons systems through a mean field formalism one
gets corrections to the well known equations which determine the chemical
potential and the energy from the grand canonical potential. We use these
corrected equations to calculate the chemical potential and the energy of the
$\nu=1/2$ system at low temperatures in two different approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81375 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Fermions in Hamiltonian Lattice Gauge Theory


  We describe a first attempt to understand dynamical fermions within a
Hamiltonian framework. As a testing ground we study compact QED3 which shares
some important features of QCD4 such as confinement, glueballs, mesons, and
chiral symmetry breaking. We discuss the methods used and show data for the
chiral condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74291 </DOCNO>
Generalized Bell States and Quantum Teleportation


  We make a brief comment on measurement of quantum operators with degenerate
eigenstates and apply to quantum teleportation. We also try extending the
quantum teleportation by Bennett et al [5] to more general situation by making
use of generalized Bell states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3073 </DOCNO>
Josephson effect in MgB_2 break junctions


  We present the first observation of the DC and AC Josephson effect in MgB_2
break junctions. The junctions, obtained at 4.2 K in high-quality, high-density
polycrystalline metallic MgB_2 samples, show a non-hysteretic DC Josephson
effect. By irradiating the junctions with microwaves we observe clear Shapiro
steps spaced by the ideal $\Delta V$ value. The temperature dependence of the
DC Josephson current and the dependence of the height of the steps on the
microwave power are obtained. These results are a direct prove for the
existence of pairs with charge 2e in this new metallic superconductor and give
evidence of the superconductor-normal metal-superconductor weak link character
of these junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168147 </DOCNO>
Position eigenstates and the Statistical Axiom of Quantum Mechanics


  Quantum mechanics postulates the existence of states determined by a particle
position at a single time. This very concept, in conjunction with
superposition, induces much of the quantum-mechanical structure. In particular,
it implies the time evolution to obey the Schroedinger equation, and it can be
used to complete a truely basic derivation of the statistical axiom as recently
proposed by Deutsch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73528 </DOCNO>
Chiral effective theory of strong interactions


  The review of chiral effective theory (CET) is given. CET is based on quantum
chromodynamics and describes the processes of strong interaction at low
energies. It is proved, that CET comes as a consequence of the spontaneous
violation of chiral symmetry in QCD - the appearance of chiral symmetry
violating vacuum condensates. The Goldstone theorem for the case of QCD is
proved and the existence of the octet of massless Goldstone bosons (pi, K, eta)
is demonstrated in the limit of massless u,d,s quarks (or the triplet of
massless pions in the limit m_u,m_d->0). It is shown, that the same phenomenon
- the appearance of quark condensate in QCD - which causes the Goldstone
bosons, results in appearance of violating chiral symmetry massive baryons. The
general form of CET Lagrangian is derived. Few examples of higher order
corrections to tree diagrams in CET are given. The Wess-Zumino term (of order
p^4 term in CET Lagrangian) is presented. Low energy sum rules are presented.
QCD and CET at finite temperature are discussed. In the framework of CET the
T^2 correction to quark condensate in QCD at finite temperature T is calculated
and the results of higher order temperature corrections are demonstrated. These
results indicate on phase transition in QCD at T \sim 150-200 MeV. The mixing
of current correlators in order T^2 is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3956 </DOCNO>
Scaling in the growth of geographically subdivided populations:


  We consider statistical patterns of variation in growth rates for over 400
species of breeding birds across North America surveyed from 1966 to 1998. We
report two results. First, the standard deviation of population growth rates
decays as a power-law function of total population size with an exponent $\beta
= 0.36\pm0.02$. Second, the number of subpopulations, measured as the number of
survey locations with non-zero counts, scales to the 3/4-power of total number
of birds counted in a given species. We show how these patterns may be related,
and discuss a simple stochastic growth model for a geographically subdivided
population that formalizes the relationship. We also examine reasons that may
explain why some species deviate from these scaling-laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179306 </DOCNO>
Comprehensive calculations of three--body breakup cross sections


  We present in detail a theoretical model for fragmentation reactions of
three--body halo nuclei. The different reaction mechanisms corresponding to the
different processes are described and discussed. Coulomb and nuclear
interactions are simultaneously included and the method is therefore applicable
for any target, light, intermediate and heavy. Absolute values of many
differential cross sections are then available as function of beam energy and
target. We apply the method to fragmentation of $^6$He and $^{11}$Li on C, Cu
and Pb. A large variety of observables, cross sections and momentum
distributions, are computed. In almost all cases we obtain good agreement with
the available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85823 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics of Charged Black Holes


  We quantize the spherically symmetric sector of generic charged black holes.
Thermal properties are encorporated by imposing periodicity in Euclidean time,
with period equal to the inverse Hawking temperature of the black hole. This
leads to an exact quantization of the area (A) and charge (Q) operators. For
the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole, $A=4\pi G \hbar (2n+p+1)$ and $Q=me$, for
integers $n,p,m$. Consistency requires the fine structure constant to be
quantized: $e^2/\hbar=p/m^2$. Remarkably, vacuum fluctuations exclude extremal
black holes from the spectrum, while near extremal black holes are highly
quantum objects. We also prove that horizon area is an adiabatic invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129435 </DOCNO>
Solar Magnetic Field Studies Using the 12-Micron Emission Lines. IV.


  We have recently developed the capability to make solar vector (Stokes IQUV)
magnetograms using the infrared line of MgI at 12.32 microns. On 24 April 2001,
we obtained a vector magnetic map of solar active region NOAA 9433,
fortuitously just prior to the occurrence of an M2 flare. Examination of a
sequence of SOHO/MDI magnetograms, and comparison with ground-based H-alpha
images, shows that the flare was produced by the cancellation of newly emergent
magnetic flux outside of the main sunspot. The very high Zeeman-sensitivity of
the 12-micron data allowed us to measure field strengths on a spatial scale
which was not directly resolvable. At the flare trigger site, opposite polarity
fields of 2700 and 1000 Gauss occurred within a single 2 arc-sec resolution
element, as revealed by two resolved Zeeman splittings in a single spectrum.
Our results imply an extremely high horizontal field strength gradient (5 G/km)
prior to the flare, significantly greater than seen in previous studies. We
also find that the magnetic energy of the cancelling fields was more than
sufficient to account for the flare's X-ray luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126395 </DOCNO>
The confusion limit on astrometry with SIM


  An important requirement for the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) is to
carry out precision astrometry in crowded fields. This capability is crucial,
for example, to accurately measure proper motions of bright stars in nearby
galaxies. From such measurements, one can obtain distance estimates, explore
the dynamics of these systems and measure the mass of the Milky Way itself. In
this paper we investigate errors introduced by confusion, i.e. the presence of
objects other than the targeted star in the SIM field of view (FOV). Using
existing HST images of fields in M31, the LMC and the Galaxy we simulate the
background within the SIM FOV and estimate the errors in the measured position
of the target star. Our simulations account for the error contribution from
photon statistics. We also study the effects of pointing imperfections when a
field is revisited which result in errors in the measured proper motion. We use
the simulations to explore the measurement accuracy of several SIM key programs
which will require crowded field astrometry. In M31, the error in the absolute
position of the targets could be significant for all but the brightest targets.
Our results also indicate that in the case of the brightest targets in M31, and
for all likely target magnitudes in the other cases, confusion-induced proper
motion errors are well within the SIM requirements. However, targets which vary
in flux between measurements can be susceptible to enhanced proper motion
errors. We also find that for an on-source integration time of one hour, photon
noise is larger than or of comparable magnitude to the confusion-induced
position error for bright targets and dominates over proper motion error in
most cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127132 </DOCNO>
Sub-parsec to Mega-parsec jet emission and power


  Relativistic jets carry a significant fraction of the total energy budget of
a radio source, rivaling the power that is extracted through accretion. A minor
part of this bulk kinetic power is transformed to radiation, possibly through
internal shocks if the plasma is accelerated, at the base of the jet, to a
velocity which changes in time. In this way we can understand why some
radiation is produced all along the jet even if most of it originates at a
preferred location, and why the efficiency of conversion of bulk to random
energy is small. The recent observations by Chandra of intense jet X-ray
emission at large scales suggest that at least the "spine" of jets continues to
be highly relativistics even up to hundreds of kiloparsecs away from the
nucleus and give tight lower limits on the jet bulk kinetic power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72736 </DOCNO>
High accuracy calculation of 6s -> 7s parity nonconserving amplitude in


  We calculated the parity nonconserving (PNC) 6s -> 7s amplitude in Cs. In the
Dirac-Coulomb approximation our result is in a good agreement with other
calculations. Breit corrections to the PNC amplitude and to the Stark-induced
amplitude $\beta$ are found to be -0.4% and -1% respectively. The weak charge
of $^{133}$Cs is $Q_W=-72.5 \pm 0.7$ in agreement with the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96724 </DOCNO>
The Baum-Connes conjecture for hyperbolic groups


  We prove the Baum-Connes conjecture for hyperbolic groups and their
subgroups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5405 </DOCNO>
Hubbard-U calculations for Cu from first-principles Wannier functions


  We present first-principles calculations of optimally localized Wannier
functions for Cu and use these for an ab-initio determination of Hubbard
(Coulomb) matrix elements. We use a standard linearized muffin-tin orbital
calculation in the atomic-sphere approximation (LMTO-ASA) to calculate Bloch
functions, and from these determine maximally localized Wannier functions using
a method proposed by Marzari and Vanderbilt. The resulting functions were
highly localized, with greater than 89% of the norm of the function within the
central site for the occupied Wannier states. Two methods for calculating
Coulomb matrix elements from Wannier functions are presented and applied to fcc
Cu. For the unscreened on-site Hubbard $U$ for the Cu 3d-bands we have obtained
about 25eV. These results are also compared with results obtained from a
constrained local-density approximation (LDA) calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169560 </DOCNO>
On the Supposed Conceptual Inadequacy of the Shannon Information


  In Phys. Rev. A 63, 022113 (2001), Brukner and Zeilinger claim that the
Shannon information is not well defined as a measure of information in quantum
mechanics, adducing arguments that seek to show that it is inextricably tied to
classical notions of measurement. It is shown here that these arguments do not
succeed: the Shannon information does not have problematic ties to classical
concepts. In a further argument, Brukner and Zeilinger compare the Shannon
information unfavourably to their preferred measure, I(p), with regard to the
definition of a notion of `total information content'. This argument is found
unconvincing and the relationship between individual measures of information
and notions of `total information content' investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75886 </DOCNO>
Monopoles and hybrids in Abelian projection of lattice QCD


  We study topological defects constructed from diagonal and non-diagonal
gluons in Abelian projection of zero temperature lattice QCD. We compare
results obtained in the quenched and non-quenched vacuum field configurations
and show that the density of hybrids is higher than the density of monopoles.
The density of some hybrids is sensitive to the presence of the virtual
fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127225 </DOCNO>
Detectability of Microwave Background Polarization


  Measurement of the amplitudes of both the E and B components of the CMB
polarization will open new windows onto the early Universe. Using a
Fisher-matrix formalism, we calculate the required sensitivities and observing
times for an experiment to measure the amplitudes of both E and B components as
a function of sky coverage, taking full account of the fact that the two
components cannot be perfectly separated in an incomplete sky map. We also
present a simple approximation scheme that accounts for mixing of E and B
components in computing predicted errors in the E-component power spectrum
amplitude. In an experiment with small sky coverage, mixing of the two
components increases the difficulty of detecting the subdominant B component by
a factor of two or more in observing time; however, for larger survey sizes the
effect of mixing is less pronounced. As a result, the optimal experimental
setup for detecting the B component must cover an area of sky significantly
larger than is found when mixing is neglected. Surprisingly, mixing of E and B
components can enhance the detectability of the E component by increasing the
effective number of independent modes that probe this component. The formalism
presented in this paper can be used to explore ways in which survey geometry
and nonuniform noise due to uneven sky coverage will affect detectability of
the two components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72723 </DOCNO>
Probing the SUSY Higgs boson couplings to scalar leptons at high-energy


  We discuss the production at $e^+e^-$ colliders of Higgs bosons in
association with both the scalar leptons and the lightest neutralinos in the
Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. While the rates for
associated Higgs production with neutralinos and first/second generation
sleptons are rather tiny, the cross section for the production of the lightest
Higgs boson $h$ with scalar $\tau$ lepton pairs can reach the femtobarn level
at c.m. energies at and above 500 GeV in favorable regions of the parameter
space, making this process potentially detectable at a high-luminosity $\ee$
collider, in particular in the $\gamma \gamma$ option. This would provide a
determination of the $h \tilde{\tau} \tilde{\tau}$ coupling and opens up the
possibility of measuring the parameter $\tan \beta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76702 </DOCNO>
Pi N -> Omega N in a Coupled-Channel Approach


  We describe the pi N -> omega N cross section from threshold to a center of
mass energy of 2 GeV in a unitary coupled-channel model and analyze it in terms
of rescattering and resonance excitations. The amplitude is mainly composed of
D13, P13, and P11 contributions, where the D13 dominates over the complete
considered energy range. We also outline the generalization of the standard
partial-wave formalism necessary for the decomposition of the omega N final
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2987 </DOCNO>
A search for incipient lattice instabilities in MgB$_{2}$ by anelastic


  We measured the complex dynamic elastic modulus of MgB2 between 1.3 and 650 K
at frequencies included between 5 and 70 kHz. The main purpose of this work is
to search for possible lattice instabilities, which could contribute to enhance
the electron-phonon coupling. The Young's modulus indeed presents an anomalous
softening on cooling below 400 K, and hysteresis between cooling and heating.
Such anomalies, however, can be accounted for by intense relaxation processes
with maxima between 50 and 150 K, whose nature is not yet clarified, and by
geometric defects generated by the anisotropic thermal expansion between the
grains during thermal cycling. Additional intense relaxation processes are
observed above room temperature, and their possible origin is discussed. The
influence of the highly anharmonic in-plane vibration modes of the B atoms on
the elastic and anelastic properties of MgB2 is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127387 </DOCNO>
A Single Distance Sample of Molecular Outflows from High-Mass Young


  We have made 12CO 2-1 and 1-0 maps of eleven molecular outflows associated
with intermediate to high-mass young stellar objects (YSOs) in order to
establish whether the correlations between outflow parameters and source
bolometric luminosity hold in the high-mass regime. It is important to consider
the effects of Malmquist-type biases when looking at high-mass YSOs, as they
are generally much more distant than their low mass counterparts. We therefore
chose only objects located at ~2kpc. We find that the relations show much more
scatter than is seen in similar studies of low-mass YSOs. We also find that the
mass-spectrum is significantly steeper in high-mass outflows, indicating a
larger mass-fraction at lower velocities, a low collimation factor (~1-2) and
no Hubble-like relationship.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149987 </DOCNO>
How to generate spinor representations in any dimension in terms of


  We present a method to find solutions of the Weyl or the Dirac equation
without specifying a representation choice for $\gamma^a$'s. By taking
$\gamma^a$'s formally as independent variables, we construct solutions out of
$2^d$ orthonormal polynomials of $\gamma^a$'s (in $d$-dimensional space)
operating on a ``vacuum state''. Polynomials reduce into $2^{d/2}$ or
$2^{(d+1)/2}$ repetitions of the Dirac spinors for $d$ even or odd,
respectively. We further propose the corresponding graphic presentation of
basic states, which offers an easy way to see all the quantum numbers of states
with respect to the generators of the Lorentz group, as well as transformation
properties of the states under any operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4735 </DOCNO>
On the origin of the zero-resistance anomaly in heavy fermion


  We present the results of the specific heat and AC magnetic susceptibility
measurements of $CeIr_{1-x}Rh_xIn_5$ for x from 0 to 0.5. As x is increased
from 0 both quantities reflect the competition between two effects. The first
is a suppression of superconductivity below the bulk transition temperature of
T$_c = 0.4$ K, which is due to the pair breaking effect of Rh impurities. The
second is an increase in the volume fraction of the superconducting regions
above T$_c$, which we attribute to defect-induced strain. Analysis of the H-T
phase diagram for CeIrIn$_5$obtained from the bulk probes and resistance
measurements points to the filamentary origin of the inhomogeneous
superconductivity at T$_\rho \approx 1.2$ K, where the resistance drops to
zero. The identical anisotropies in the magnetic field dependence of the
specific heat and the resistance anomalies in CeIrIn$_5$ indicate that the
filamentary superconductivity is intrinsic, involving electrons from the part
of the Fermi surface responsible for bulk superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73374 </DOCNO>
The new (g-2) for muon measurement and limits on the light Higgs bosons


  We discuss how new data for a_{mu}= (g-2)_{mu}/2 improve constraints on new
physics. Using two types of estimations of a_{mu}^{had} (Davier & H"{o}cker
(case A) and Jegerlehner2000 (case B)) we evaluate 95% CL intervals for a new
contribution, which can be used to constrain any model beyond the Standard
Model. We apply these intervals to the general 2HDM ("Model II"), where up to
now one light neutral Higgs particle, h or A, was allowed by the data. Assuming
that only one Higgs boson contributes to a_{mu}^{2HDM} the two-loop calculation
based on the case A leads to the exclusion of scalar $h$ while a pseudoscalar
with mass between 10 and 70 GeV (for tan beta > 20) is allowed. For case B the
upper limits for tan beta for both scalar and pseudoscalar are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1934 </DOCNO>
Ground state of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on an


  An investigation of the N\'eel Long Range Order (NLRO) in the ground state of
antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin system on the two-dimensional, uniform,
bipartite lattice consisting of squares, hexagons and dodecagons is presented.
Basing on the analysis of the order parameter and the long-distance correlation
function the NLRO is shown to occur in this system. Exact diagonalization and
variational (Resonating Valence Bond) methods are applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3390 </DOCNO>
Crater formation: can macroscopic scaling laws be used in microscopic


  Using classical molecular dynamics simulations we examine the formation of
craters during 0.4 - 100 keV Xe bombardment of Au. Our simulation results, and
comparison with experiments and simulations of other groups, are used to
examine to what extent analytical models can be used to predict the size and
properties of craters. We do not obtain a fully predictive analytical model
(with no fitting parameters) for the cratering probability, because of the
difficulty in predicting the probability of cascades splitting into
subcascades, and the relation of the heat spike lifetime and energy density. We
do, however, demonstrate that the dependence of the crater size on the incident
ion energy can be well understood qualitatively in terms of the lifetime of the
heat spike and the cohesive energy of the material. We also show that a simple
energy density criterion can not be used to predict cratering in a wide ion
energy range because of the important role of the heat spike lifetime in
high-energy cascades. The cohesive energy dependence differs from that obtained
for macroscopic cratering (observed e.g. in astrophysics) because of the
crucial role of melting in the development of heat spikes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1607 </DOCNO>
Single hole spectral function and spin-charge separation in the t-J


  Worm algorithm quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the hole Green function
with subsequent spectral analysis were performed for J/t 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 on
lattices with up to LxL=32x32 sites at temperatures as low as T=J/40, and
present, apparently, the hole spectral function in the thermodynamic limit.
Spectral analysis reveals a delta-function-sharp quasiparticle peak at the
lower edge of the spectrum which is incompatible with the power-law singularity
and thus rules out the possibility of spin-charge separation in this parameter
range. Spectral continuum features two peaks separated by a gap ~4t.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148337 </DOCNO>
Superfield Lagrangian Quantization with Extended BRST Symmetry


  We consider possible superfield representations of extended BRST symmetry for
general gauge theories within the principle of gauge-fixing based on a
generating equation for the gauge functional. We examine admissible superfield
choices for an extended antibracket and delta-operator with given algebraic
properties and show that only one of these choices is compatible with the
requirement of extended BRST symmetry realized in terms of supertranslations
along Grassmann coordinates. We demonstrate that this realization leads to the
gauge-independence of the S-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124379 </DOCNO>
On faint companions in the close environment of star-forming dwarf


  We have searched for companion galaxies in the close environment of 98
star-forming dwarf galaxies (SFDGs) from field and low density environments,
using the NASA Extragalactic Database. Most of the companions are dwarf
galaxies which due to observational selection effects were previously
disregarded in environmental studies of SFDGs. A subsample at low redshift,
cz<2000 km/s, was chosen to partially eliminate the observational bias against
distant dwarf companions. We find companion candidates for approximately 30% of
the objects within a projected linear separation s_p<100 kpc and a redshift
difference (Delta cz)<500 km/s. The limited completeness of the available data
sets, together with the non-negligible frequency of HI clouds in the vicinity
of SFDGs indicated by recent radio surveys, suggest that a considerably larger
fraction of these galaxies may be accompanied by low-mass systems. This casts
doubt on the hypothesis that the majority of them can be considered truly
isolated. The velocity differences between companion candidates and sample
SFDGs amount typically to (Delta cz)<250 km/s, and show a rising distribution
towards lower (Delta cz). This is similarly found for dwarf satellites of
spiral galaxies, suggesting a physical association between the companion
candidates and the sample SFDGs. SFDGs with a close companion do not show
significant differences in their Hbeta equivalent widths and B-V colours as
compared to isolated ones. However, the available data do not allow us to rule
out that interactions with close dwarf companions can influence the star
formation activity in SFDGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149676 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation: Calculations in String Field Theory


  In this Ph.D. thesis, we study tachyon condensation in string field theories.
  In chapter 2, we review Witten's bosonic string field theory and calculate
the tachyon potential.
  In chapter 3, we calculate the tachyon potential in Berkovits' superstring
field theory.
  In chapter 4, we look for exact solutions in a toy model.
  Unpublished result: we use conservation laws to calculate the level (4,8)
approximation of the tachyon potential in Berkovits' superstring field theory.
We verify Sen's conjecture up to 94.4%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5548 </DOCNO>
Superfluid pairing in a polarized dipolar Fermi gas


  We calculate the critical temperature of a superfluid phase transition in a
polarized Fermi gas of dipolar particles. In this case the order parameter is
anisotropic and has a nontrivial energy dependence. Cooper pairs do not have a
definite value of the angular momentum and are coherent superpositions of all
odd angular momenta. Our results describe prospects for achieving the
superfluid transition in single-component gases of fermionic polar molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1490 </DOCNO>
Unified theory of quantum many-particle systems


  Using eigen-functional bosonization method, we study quantum many-particle
systems, and show that the quantum many-particle problems end in to solve the
differential equation of the phase fields which represent the particle
correlation strength. Thus, the physical properties of these systems are
completely determined by the differential equation of the phase fields. We
mainly focus on the study of D-dimensional electron gas with/without transverse
gauge fields, two-dimensional electron gas under an external magnetic field,
D-dimensional boson systems, a D-dimensional Heisenberg model and a one-band
Hubbard model on a square lattice, and give their exact (accurate for
Heisenberg model) functional expressions of the ground state energy and action,
and the eigen-functional wave functions of the fermions/bosons. With them, we
can calculate a variety of correlation functions of the systems, such as single
particle Green's functions and their ground state wave functions. In present
theoretical framework, we can unifiably represent the Landau Fermi liquid,
non-Fermi liquid ($D\geq 2$) and Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2975 </DOCNO>
Spin-polarized transport in GaMnAs multilayers


  The spin-dependent mobility for the lateral transport of the hole gas in a
GaMnAs/GaAs heterostructure containing several metallic-like ferromagnetic
layers is calculated. The electronic structure is obtained self-consistently
taking into account the direct Coulomb Hartree and exchange-correlation terms,
besides the sp-d exchange interaction with the Mn magnetic moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148908 </DOCNO>
The Geometry of Point Particles


  There is a very natural map from the configuration space of n distinct points
in Euclidean 3-space into the flag manifold U(n)/U(1)^n, which is compatible
with the action of the symmetric group. The map is well-defined for all
configurations of points provided a certain conjecture holds, for which we
provide numerical evidence. We propose some additional conjectures, which imply
the first, and test these numerically. Motivated by the above map, we define a
geometrical multi-particle energy function and compute the energy minimizing
configurations for up to 32 particles. These configurations comprise the
vertices of polyhedral structures which are dual to those found in a number of
complicated physical theories, such as Skyrmions and fullerenes. Comparisons
with 2-particle and 3-particle energy functions are made. The planar
restriction and the generalization to hyperbolic 3-space are also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 501 </DOCNO>
Solution of a Generalized Stieltjes Problem


  We present the exact solution for a set of nonlinear algebraic equations
$\frac{1}{z_l}= \pi d + \frac{2 d}{n} \sum_{m \neq l} \frac{1}{z_l-z_m}$. These
were encountered by us in a recent study of the low energy spectrum of the
Heisenberg ferromagnetic chain \cite{dhar}. These equations are low $d$
(density) ``degenerations'' of more complicated transcendental equation of
Bethe's Ansatz for a ferromagnet, but are interesting in themselves. They
generalize, through a single parameter, the equations of Stieltjes,
  $x_l = \sum_{m \neq l} 1/(x_l-x_m)$, familiar from Random Matrix theory.
  It is shown that the solutions of these set of equations is given by the
zeros of generalized associated Laguerre polynomials. These zeros are
interesting, since they provide one of the few known cases where the location
is along a nontrivial curve in the complex plane that is determined in this
work.
  Using a ``Green's function'' and a saddle point technique we determine the
asymptotic distribution of zeros.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167949 </DOCNO>
Cavity-damping-induced transitions in a driven atom-cavity system


  We investigate the fluorescence spectrum of a two-level atom in a cavity when
the atom is driven by a classical field. We show that forbidden dipole
transitions in the Jaynes-Cummings Ladder structure are induced in the presence
of the cavity damping, which deteriorates the degree of otherwise perfect
destructive interference among the transition channels. With the larger cavity
decay, these transitions are more enhanced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96452 </DOCNO>
On the biharmonic Dirichlet problem: The higher dimensional case


  Withdrawn by authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7551 </DOCNO>
Multiple Scattering of Fractionally-Charged Quasiparticles


  We employ shot noise measurements to characterize the effective charge of
quasiparticles, at filling factor nu=1/3 of the fractional quantum Hall regime,
as they scatter from an array of identical weak backscatterers. Upon
scattering, quasiparticles are known to bunch, e.g., only three e/3 charges, or
'electrons' are found to traverse a rather opaque potential barrier. We find
here that the effective charge scattered by an array of scatterers is
determined by the scattering strength of an individual scatterer and not by the
combined scattering strength of the array, which can be very small. Moreover,
we also rule out intra-edge equilibration of e/3 quasiparticles over length
scale of hundreds microns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114481 </DOCNO>
A counter-example to Bell's theorem with a softened singularity and a


  In the present paper a counter-example to Bell's theorem is given which is
based on common probability densities as standard normal (Gaussian) and uniform
probability densities. The reason for violating the Bell inequalities lies in
the 'softening' of functions similar to the Dirac delta such that they can be
'hidden' inside a sign function. In addtition, the related demand that that
physical signals may not travel faster than light is discussed with the
FitzGerald-Lorentz contraction factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97169 </DOCNO>
A characterization of shortest geodesics on surfaces


  Any finite configuration of curves with minimal intersections on a surface is
a configuration of shortest geodesics for some Riemannian metric on the
surface. The metric can be chosen to make the lengths of these geodesics equal
to the number of intersections along them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6247 </DOCNO>
Application of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group in momentum


  We investigate the application of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group
(DMRG) to the Hubbard model in momentum-space. We treat the one-dimensional
models with dispersion relations corresponding to nearest-neighbor hopping and
$1/r$ hopping and the two-dimensional model with isotropic nearest-neighbor
hopping. By comparing with the exact solutions for both one-dimensional models
and with exact diagonalization in two dimensions, we first investigate the
convergence of the ground-state energy. We find variational convergence of the
energy with the number of states kept for all models and parameter sets. In
contrast to the real-space algorithm, the accuracy becomes rapidly worse with
increasing interaction and is not significantly better at half filling. We
compare the results for different dispersion relations at fixed interaction
strength over bandwidth and find that extending the range of the hopping in one
dimension has little effect, but that changing the dimensionality from one to
two leads to lower accuracy at weak to moderate interaction strength. In the
one-dimensional models at half-filling, we also investigate the behavior of the
single-particle gap, the dispersion of spinon excitations, and the momentum
distribution function. For the single-particle gap, we find that proper
extrapolation in the number of states kept is important. For the spinon
dispersion, we find that good agreement with the exact forms can be achieved at
weak coupling if the large momentum-dependent finite-size effects are taken
into account for nearest-neighbor hopping. For the momentum distribution, we
compare with various weak-coupling and strong-coupling approximations and
discuss the importance of finite-size effects as well as the accuracy of the
DMRG.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1817 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic Approach to Pattern Selection


  The problem of pattern selection arises when the evolution equations have
many solutions, whereas observed patterns constitute a much more restricted
set. An approach is advanced for treating the problem of pattern selection by
defining the probability distribution of patterns. Then the most probable
pattern naturally corresponds to the largest probability weight. This approach
provides the ordering principle for the multiplicity of solutions explaining
why some of them are more preferable than other. The approach is applied to
solving the problem of turbulent photon filamentation in resonant media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124682 </DOCNO>
UBV stellar photometry of bright stars in GC M5. I. UV colour-magnitude


  We present stellar photometry in the UBV passbands for the globular cluster
M5 = NGC5904. The observations, short-exposured photographic plates and CCD
frames, were obtained in the RC-focus of the 2m telescope of the Natl. Astron.
Obs. 'Rozhen'. All stars in an annulus with radius 1 < r < 5.5 arcmin were
measured. We show that the UV CMDs describe different evolutionary stages in a
better manner than the 'classical' (V, B-V) diagram. We use HB stars, with
known spectroscopic Teff, to check the validity of the colour zero-point. A
review of all known UV-bright star candidates in M5 is made and some of their
parameters are catalogued. Six new stars of this kind are suspected on the
basis of their position on the CMD. New assessment of the cluster reddening and
metallicity is done using the (U-B, B-V) diagram. We find [Fe/H]= -1.38, which
confirms the Zinn & West (1984) value contrasting with recent spectroscopic
estimates. In an effort to clarify the question of the gap in the BHB stellar
distribution and to investigate some other peculiarities, we use the relatively
long-base colour index U-V. A comparison of the unreddened (V, U-V)
distribution of HB stars with a canonical ZAHB model (Dorman et al. 1993)
reveals that the hottest stars rise above the model line. We find this similar
to the 'u-jump' found in the Stroemgren photometry (Grundahl et al. 1998,
1999). (U-B)o indeces of 18 BHB stars with (B-V)o in [-0.02, 0.18] were used to
estimate their ultraviolet deficiency. It is shown that low gravity log g < 2
Kurucz's atmospheric models fit well the observed distribution of these stars
along the two-colour diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75592 </DOCNO>
Analytic resummation and power corrections for DIS and Drell--Yan


  Dimensional continuation is applied to resummed expressions for the DIS and
Drell-Yan partonic cross sections, to regularize the Landau pole. Simple
analytic expression are obtained, encoding information about nonperturbative
power--suppressed effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97643 </DOCNO>
Wavelet Electrodynamics II: Atomic Composition of Electromagnetic Waves


  The representation of solutions of Maxwell's equations as superpositions of
scalar wavelets with vector coefficients developed earlier is generalized to
wavelets with polarization, which are matrix-valued. The construction proceeds
in four stages: (1) A Hilbert space H of solutions is considered, based on a
conformally invariant inner product. (2) The analytic-signal transform extends
solutions from real space-time to a complex space-time domain T (double tube).
The evaluation map E_z, which sends any solution F=B+iE in H to the value F(z)
at z\in T, is bounded. The electromagnetic wavelets are defined as the adjoints
the \Psi_z=E_z^*. (3) The eight real parameters z=x+iy\in T are given a
complete physical interpretation: x\in R^4 is interpreted as a space-time point
about which \Psi_z is focussed, and the timelike vector y gives its scale and
velocity. Thus wavelets parameterized by the set of {\sl Euclidean} points
(real space, imaginary time) have stationary centers, and the others are
Doppler-shifted versions of the former. All the wavelets can be obtained from a
single "mother wavelet" by conformal transformations. (4) A resolution of unity
is established in H, giving a representation of solutions as "atomic
compositions" of wavelets parameterized by z\in E. This yields a constructive
method for generating solutions with initial data specified locally in space
and by scale. Other representations, employing wavelets with moving centers,
are obtained by applying conformal transformations to the stationary
representation. This could be useful in the analysis of electromagnetic waves
reflected or emitted by moving objects, such as radar signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73018 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric radiative corrections at large tan beta


  In the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM), fermion
masses and Yukawa couplings receive radiative corrections at one loop from
diagrams involving the supersymmetric particles. The corrections to the
relation between down-type fermion masses and Yukawa couplings are enhanced by
tan beta, which makes them potentially very significant at large tan beta.
These corrections affect a wide range of processes in the MSSM, including
neutral and charged Higgs phenomenology, rare B meson decays, and
renormalization of the CKM matrix. We give a pedagogical review of the sources
and phenomenological effects of these corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4039 </DOCNO>
Competition between charge/spin-density-wave orders and


  We have performed a series of elastic neutron scattering measurements on
1/8-hole doped La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ single crystals with
{\it x} = 0.05, 0.06, 0.075 and 0.085. % Both charge-density-wave (CDW) and
spin-density-wave (SDW) orders are found to develop simultaneously below the
structural transition temperature between the low-temperature orthorhombic
(LTO) and low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) or low-temperature less-orthorhombic
(LTLO) phases. % In the ground state the CDW order is observed only in the
LTT/LTLO phase and drastically degrades towards the LTO boundary. The {\it
x}-dependence of {\it T}$_{c}$ strongly suggests a direct effect of the CDW
order on the suppression of superconductivity. % Results are discussed in
comparison with those from the La$_{1.6-x}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ system
within the framework of the stripe model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81115 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Optimization of Wave Functions for Fermion Lattice Models


  We present a simulation algorithm for Hamiltonian fermion lattice models. A
guiding trial wave function is adaptively optimized during Monte Carlo
evolution. We apply the method to the two dimensional Gross-Neveu model and
analyze systematc errors in the study of ground state properties. We show that
accurate measurements can be achieved by a proper extrapolation in the
algorithm free parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126311 </DOCNO>
Deuterium at high redshift: primordial or evolved ?


  On the basis of arguments from galactic chemical evolution we suggest that
the recent observations of D/H vs. metallicity in several high redshift
absorbers are best understood if the primordial D value is in the range 2-3
10$^{-5}$. This range points to a rather high baryonic density
($\Omega_Bh^2$=0.019-0.026) compatible to the one obtained by recent estimates
based on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy measurements.
Slightly higher values (D/H=4 10$^{-5}$) are found in Lyman limit systems. Such
values are still compatible with CMB estimates but, if taken at face value,
they suggest a trend of decreasing D abundance with metallicity. We argue that
special assumptions, like differential enrichment, are required to explain the
data in that case. A clear test of such a differential enrichment would be an
excess of products of low mass stars like C and/or N in those systems, but
currently available data of N/Si in DLAs do not favour such a ``non-standard''
senario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81073 </DOCNO>
Flavor Symmetry and the Static Potential with Hypercubic Blocking


  We introduce a new smearing transformation, the hypercubic (HYP) fat link.
The hypercubic fat link mixes gauge links within hypercubes attached to the
original link only. Using quenched lattices at beta = 5.7 and 6.0 we show that
HYP fat links improve flavor symmetry by an order of magnitude relative to the
thin link staggered action. The static potential measured on HYP smeared
lattices agrees with the thin link potential at distances r/a >= 2 and has
greatly reduced statistical errors. These quenched results will be used in
forthcoming dynamical simulations of HYP staggered fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74746 </DOCNO>
Higgs Decays to Muons in Weak Boson Fusion


  We investigate the muonic decay of a light Higgs boson, produced in weak
boson fusion at future hadron colliders. We find that this decay mode would be
observable at the CERN LHC only with an unreasonably large amount of data,
while at a 200 TeV vLHC this process could be used to extract the muon Yukawa
coupling to about the 10% level, or better if significant improvements in
detector design can be achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2701 </DOCNO>
Exchange Splitting and Charge Carrier Spin Polarization in EuO


  High quality thin films of the ferromagnetic semiconductor EuO have been
prepared and were studied using a new form of spin-resolved spectroscopy. We
observed large changes in the electronic structure across the Curie and
metal-insulator transition temperature. We found that these are caused by the
exchange splitting of the conduction band in the ferromagnetic state, which is
as large as 0.6 eV. We also present strong evidence that the bottom of the
conduction band consists mainly of majority spins. This implies that doped
charge carriers in EuO are practically fully spin polarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127099 </DOCNO>
Evolution of active galactic nuclei broad-line region clouds: low- and


  The formation of quasar broad-line region (BLR) clouds via thermal
instability in the presence of Alfven heating has been discussed by Goncalves
et al. (1993a, 1996). In particular, these studies showed the relevance of
Alfven heating in establishing the stability of BLR clouds in the intercloud
medium. The present paper shows the results of time-dependent calculations (we
use a time-dependent hydrodynamic code) following the evolution of BLR clouds,
since their formation from the 10^7 K intercloud medium. We also calculate the
UV and optical line emission associated with the clouds in order to compare
with observations. Our results are compared with those of UV and optical
monitoring of well-studied AGN, which suggest that the BLR is most probably
composed of at least two different regions, each one giving rise to a kind of
line variability, since low- and high-ionization lines present different
patterns of variability. We discuss the alternative scenario in which lines of
different ionization could be formed at the same place but heated/excited by
distinct mechanisms, considering as a non-radiative mechanism the Alfven
heating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149614 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy sphere bimodule, ABS construction to the exact soliton solutions


  In this paper, we set up the bi-module of the algebra ${\cal A}$ on fuzzy
sphere. Based on the differential operators in moving frame, we generalize the
ABS construction into fuzzy sphere case. The applications of ABS construction
are investigated in various physical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127932 </DOCNO>
Optical and Near-IR Imaging of Ultra Steep Spectrum Radio Sources - The


  We present optical and/or near-IR images of 128 ultra steep spectrum (USS)
radio sources. Roughly half of the objects are identified in the optical images
(R <~ 24), while in the near-IR images, >94% are detected at K<~ 22. The mean
K-magnitude is K=19.26 within a 2" diameter aperture. The distribution of R-K
colors indicates that at least 1/3 of the objects observed have very red colors
(R-K>5). The major axes of the identifications in K-band are preferentially
oriented along the radio axes, with half of them having compact morphologies.
  The 22 sources with spectroscopic redshifts and K-band magnitudes follow the
K-z relation found from previous radio samples, but with a larger scatter. We
argue that this may be due to a dependence of K-magnitude on the radio power,
with the highest radio power sources inhabiting the most massive host galaxies.
We present a composite K-z diagram of radio-loud and radio-quiet galaxies,
selected from the HDF-North and the Hawaii surveys. Out to z <~ 1, the
radio-loud galaxies trace the bright envelope of the radio quiet galaxies,
while at z >~ 1, the radio-loud galaxies are >~ 2 magnitudes brighter. We argue
that this is not due to a contribution from the AGN or emission lines. This
difference strongly suggests that radio galaxies pinpoint the most massive
systems out to the highest known redshifts, probably due to the mutual
correlation of the mass of the galaxy and the radio power on the mass of the
central black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5464 </DOCNO>
Transport and the Order Parameter of Superconducting UPt3


  We calculate the ultrasonic absorption and the thermal conductivity in the
superconducting state of UPt$_{3}$ as functions of temperature and direction of
propagation and polarization. Two leading candidates for the superconducting
order parameter are considered: the $E_{1g}$ and $E_{2u}$ representations. Both
can fit the data except for the ultrasonic absorption in the $A$ phase. To do
that, it is necessary to suppose that the system has only a single domain, and
that must be chosen as the most favorable one. However, the $E_{2u}$ theory
requires fine-tuning of parameters to fit the low temperature thermal
conductivity. Thus, transport data favor the $E_{1g}$ theory. Measurements of
the thermal conductivity as a function of pressure at low temperature could
help to further distinguish the two theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124381 </DOCNO>
From Centimeter to Millimeter Wavelengths: A High Angular Resolution


  We monitored 3C273 with VLBI at 15-86 GHz since 1990. We discuss component
trajectories, opacity effects at the jet base, a rotating and perhaps
precessing jet, and outburst-ejection relations from Gamma-ray to radio bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126604 </DOCNO>
BZ Cam during its 1999/2000 optical low state


  We report optical observations of the VY Scl star BZ Cam during its previous
optical low state in 1999/2000. We find drastic variations in the line
profiles. Narrow-band imaging observations show that its nebula extends farther
than previously known and seems to be composed of two components. We determine
the [OIII] line intensity of BZ Cam's nebula to 4.8 * 10^-13 erg/cm^2/s. We
discover a proper motion of BZ Cam of 25+-2 mas/yr which together with the
systemic radial velocity yields a space velocity of 125 km/s. We re-interpret
the nebula as being photo-ionized by hypothesized transient, luminous,
supersoft X-ray emission during optical low states, and shaped by the
transverse motion of BZ Cam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149804 </DOCNO>
K\"ahler polarisation and Wick Quantisation of Hamiltonian systems


  The necessary and sufficient conditions are established for the second-class
constraint surface to be (an almost) K\"ahler manifold. The deformation
quantisation for such systems is scetched resulting in the Wick-type symbols
for the respective Dirac brackets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40689 </DOCNO>
Precision Electroweak Measurements


  This talk describes some of the precision electroweak measurements from
around the world, namely those related to the Z and W bosons, the top quark
mass, sin2 theta_ W at NuTeV, and three other fundamental measurements: alpha-1
m2_ Z, (g-2)_mu at the E821 BNL experiment as well as the atomic parity
violation (APV) measurement for the Cesium atom. These and other measurements
are set in the context of the Standard Model (SM) and of the electroweak fit
predictions. Future prospects for forthcoming experiments are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98159 </DOCNO>
A remark on potentially semi-stable representations of Hodge-Tate type


  In this note we complement a part of a theorem of Fontaine-Mazur. We show
that if $(V,\rho)$ is an irreducible finite dimensional representation of the
Galois group $Gal({\bar K}/K)$ of a finite extension of $K\Q_p$, of Hodge-Tate
type $(0,1)$ then it is potentially semi-stable if and only if it is
potentially crystalline. This was proved by Fontaine-Mazur for dimension two
and $p\geq 5$ by their classfication theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76993 </DOCNO>
TeV Astrophysics Constraints on Planck Scale Lorentz Violation


  Lorentz violation at high energies might lead to nonlinear dispersion
relations for the fundamental particles. We analyze observational constraints
on these dispersion relations without assuming any a priori equality between
the coefficients determining the amount of Lorentz violation for different
particle species. We focus on constraints from thresholds for three high energy
processes involving photons and electrons: vacuum Cerenkov radiation, photon
decay and photo-production of electron-positron pairs. We show that the
kinematics of these interactions have novel features with respect to the
Lorentz invariant case. Not only are the first two of them allowed for some
ranges of the coefficients but also the thresholds for pair creation can occur
with asymmetric distribution of the total momentum. We find that cubic momentum
terms in the dispersion relations are strongly constrained by astrophysical
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2675 </DOCNO>
Quantifying Nonequilibrium Behavior with Varying Cooling Rates


  We investigate nonequilibrium behavior in (1+1)-dimensional stochastic field
theories in the context of Ginzburg-Landau models at varying cooling rates. We
argue that a reliable measure of the departure from thermal equilibrium can be
obtained from the absolute value of the rate of change of the
momentum-integrated structure function, $\Delta S_{\rm{tot}}$. We show that the
peak of $\Delta S_{\rm{tot}}$ scales with the cooling, or quench, time-scale,
$\tau_q$, in agreement with the prediction by Laguna and Zurek for the scaling
of freeze-out time in both over and under-damped regimes. Furthermore, we show
that the amplitude of the peak scales as $\tau_q^{-6/5}$ independent of the
viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168071 </DOCNO>
Complete controllability of finite-level quantum systems


  Complete controllability is a fundamental issue in the field of control of
quantum systems, not least because of its implications for dynamical
realizability of the kinematical bounds on the optimization of observables. In
this paper we investigate the question of complete controllability for
finite-level quantum systems subject to a single control field, for which the
interaction is of dipole form. Sufficient criteria for complete controllability
of a wide range of finite-level quantum systems are established and the
question of limits of complete controllability is addressed. Finally, the
results are applied to give a classification of complete controllability for
four-level systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169115 </DOCNO>
A non-local, Lorentz-invariant, hidden-variable interpretation of


  We demonstrate how to construct a lorentz-invariant, hidden-variable
interpretation of relativistic quantum mechanics based on particle
trajectories. The covariant theory that we propose employs a multi-time
formalism and a lorentz-invariant rule for the coordination of the space-time
points on the individual particle trajectories. In this way we show that there
is no contradiction between nonlocality and lorentz invariance in quantum
mechanics. The approach is illustrated for relativistic bosons, using a simple
model to discuss the individual non-locally correlated particle motion which
ensues when the wavefunction is entangled. A simple example of measurement is
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1567 </DOCNO>
New criteria for bosonic behavior of excitons


  Dimensional arguments lead to say that $N$ excitons in a sample of volume $V$
behave as bosons for $\lambda N a_x^3/V \ll 1$, $a_x$ being the exciton radius
and $\lambda$ a dimensionless factor. The Mott criterion, which is based on the
disappearance of all exciton bound states because of screening, gives $\lambda
\simeq 1$. Since excitons feel each other through both Coulomb interaction and
Pauli exclusion between their electrons and holes, criteria based on the
underlying fermionic character of the exciton should be even more relevant. Two
significant quantities are the boson departure $1- [B,B^{\dagger}]$ and boson
number $B^{\dagger} B$, where $B^{\dagger}$ is the exciton creation operator.
Their expectation values in the $N$-exciton state are close to their boson
values for $\lambda \sim 100$ and $\lambda \sim 50$, respectively. By contrast,
the expectation value of $B^N (B^{\dagger})^N$ in the vacuum state is close to
$N!$ for $25 N^2 a_x^3/V \ll 1$ only. This surprising $N^2$ dependence comes
from the intrinsic $N$-body character of Pauli exclusion. Consequences of these
new criteria on the Bose condensation of excitons are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127435 </DOCNO>
Confirming the Metal-Rich Nature of Stars with Giant Planets


  With the goal of confirming the metallicity ``excess'' observed in stars with
planetary mass companions, we have conducted a high-precision spectroscopic
study of a ``comparison'' sample of dwarfs included in the CORALIE extra-solar
planet survey (Santos, Israelian, & Mayor 2001). The targets were chosen
following two basic criteria: they make part of a limited volume and they do
not present the signature of a planetary host companion. The spectroscopic
analysis, done using the very same technique as previous works on the
metallicity of stars with planets, permitted a direct and non-biased comparison
of the samples. The results have revealed that metallicity plays an impressive
role on the giant planet formation. The chemical composition of the molecular
cloud is probably the key parameter to form giant planets. Some evidences
exist, however, showing the possibility of accretion of matter in the stellar
outer convective zone. These conclusions impose serious constraints on the
planetary systems formation and evolution models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72655 </DOCNO>
FCNC top quark decays beyond the Standard Model


  Flavor Changing Neutral Current decays of the top quark within the strict
context of the Standard Model are known to be extremely rare. In fact, they are
hopelessly undetectable at the Tevatron, LHC and LC in any of their scheduled
upgradings. Therefore, if a few of these events eventually show up in the
future we will have certainly discovered new physics. We argue that this could
well be the case for the LHC and the LC both within the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM) and in a general two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM),
especially if we look for FCNC top quark decays into Higgs bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114456 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of immersed molecules in superfluids


  The dynamics of a molecule immersed in a superfluid medium are considered.
Results are derived using a classical hydrodynamic approach followed by
canonical quantization. The classical model, a rigid body immersed in
incompressible fluid, permits a thorough analysis; its effective Hamiltonian
generalizes the usual rigid-rotor Hamiltonian. In contrast to the free rigid
rotor, the immersed body is shown to have chaotic dynamics. Quantization of the
classical model leads to new and experimentally verifiable features. It is
shown, for instance, that chiral molecules can behave as "quantum propellers":
the rotational-translational coupling induced by the superfluid leads to a
nonzero linear momentum in the ground state. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong
candidate for experimental detection of this effect. The signature is a
characteristic splitting of rotational absorption lines. The 1_{01}-->1_{10}
line in hydrogen peroxide, for example, is predicted to split into three lines
separated by as much as 0.05 cm^{-1}, or five times the experimental linewidth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4556 </DOCNO>
Correlations Between Charge Ordering and Local Magnetic Fields in


  Zero-field muon spin relaxation (ZF-$\mu$SR) measurements were undertaken on
under- and overdoped samples of superconducting YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ to
determine the origin of the weak static magnetism recently reported in this
system. The temperature dependence of the muon spin relaxation rate in
overdoped crystals displays an unusual behavior in the superconducting state. A
comparison to the results of NQR and lattice structure experiments on highly
doped samples provides compelling evidence for strong coupling of charge, spin
and structural inhomogeneities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179401 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic amplitudes and microscopic substructure effects in nucleon


  Spectroscopic amplitudes play an important role in nuclear capture reactions.
These amplitudes are shown to include both single-particle and polarization
effects: the former through their spatial dependence and the latter through
their normalization (the spectroscopic factors). Coupled-channels equations are
developed for the spectroscopic amplitudes. These equations serve as a
convenient starting point for the derivation of several approximations:
Hartree, Hartree-Fock and two different single-particle models. The
single-particle models include antisymmetry in different ways, but both miss
many-body effects. Therefore, cross sections calculated with either of these
models need to be multiplied by the spectroscopic factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95399 </DOCNO>
Covering theorems and Lebesgue integration


  This paper shows how the Lebesgue integral can be obtained as a Riemann sum
and provides an extension of the Morse Covering Theorem to open sets. Let $X$
be a finite dimensional normed space; let $\mu$ be a Radon measure on $X$ and
let $\Omega\subseteq X$ be a $\mu$-measurable set. For $\lambda\geq1$, a $\mu
$-measurable set $S_{\lambda}(a)\subseteq X$ is a $\lambda$-Morse set with tag
$a\in S_{\lambda}(a)$ if there is $r>0$ such that $B(a,r)\subseteq S_{\lambda
}(a)\subseteq B(a,\lambda r)$ and $S_{\lambda}(a)$ is starlike with respect to
all points in the closed ball $B(a,r)$. Given a gauge $\delta:\Omega \to(0,1]$
we say $S_{\lambda}(a)$ is $\delta$-fine if $B(a,\lambda r)\subseteq
B(a,\delta(a))$. If $f\geq0$ is a $\mu$-measurable function on $\Omega$ then
$\int_{\Omega}f d\mu=F\in\mathbb{R}$ if and only if for some $\lambda\geq1$ and
all $\epsilon>0$ there is a gauge function $\delta$ so that $|\sum_{n}f(x_{n})
\mu(S(x_{n}))-F|<\epsilon$ for all sequences of disjoint $\lambda$-Morse sets
that are $\delta$-fine and cover all but a $\mu $-null subset of $\Omega$. This
procedure can be applied separately to the positive and negative parts of a
real-valued function on $\Omega$. The covering condition
$\mu(\Omega\setminus\cup_{n}S(x_{n}))=0$ can be satisfied due to the Morse
Covering Theorem. The improved version given here says that for a fixed
$\lambda\geq1$, if $A$ is the set of centers of a family of $\lambda$-Morse
sets then $A$ can be covered with the interiors of sets from at most $\kappa$
pairwise disjoint subfamilies of the original family; an estimate for $\kappa$
is given in terms of $\lambda$, $X$ and its norm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168495 </DOCNO>
Quantum Switch for Continuous Variable Teleportation


  A novel quantum switch for continuous variables teleportation is proposed.
Two pairs of EPR beams with identical frequency and constant phase relation are
composed on two beamsplitters to produce two pairs of conditional entangled
beams, two of which are sent to two sending stations(Alices) and others to two
receiving stations(bobs). The EPR entanglement initionally results from
two-mode quadrature squeezed state light. Converting the squeezed component of
one of EPR sources between amplitude and phase, the input quantum state at a
sender will be reproduced at two receivers in turn. The switching system
manipulated by squeezed state light might be developed as a practical quantum
switch device for the communication and teleportation of quantum information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5449 </DOCNO>
Large Deviation of the Density Profile in the Steady State of the Open


  We consider an open one dimensional lattice gas on sites $i=1,...,N$, with
particles jumping independently with rate 1 to neighboring interior empty
sites, the {\it simple symmetric exclusion process}. The particle fluxes at the
left and right boundaries, corresponding to exchanges with reservoirs at
different chemical potentials, create a stationary nonequilibrium state (SNS)
with a steady flux of particles through the system. The mean density profile in
this state, which is linear, describes the typical behavior of a macroscopic
system, i.e., this profile occurs with probability 1 when $N \to \infty$. The
probability of microscopic configurations corresponding to some other profile
$\rho(x)$, $x = i/N$, has the asymptotic form $\exp[-N {\cal F}(\{\rho\})]$;
$\cal F$ is the {\it large deviation functional}. In contrast to equilibrium
systems, for which ${\cal F}_{eq}(\{\rho\})$ is just the integral of the
appropriately normalized local free energy density, the $\cal F$ we find here
for the nonequilibrium system is a nonlocal function of $\rho$. This gives rise
to the long range correlations in the SNS predicted by fluctuating
hydrodynamics and suggests similar non-local behavior of $\cal F$ in general
SNS, where the long range correlations have been observed experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3446 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in the mesoscopic superconducting square


  We solve the Ginzburg-Landau equation (GLE) for the mesoscopic thin film of
the square shape in the magnetic field. In the limit of Ginzburg-Landau
parameter $\kappa \to \infty$ we find a series of first and second order phase
transitions as temperature and/or magnetic field changes. First order phase
transitions between giant flux states can be described with a simple
variational procedure. We discuss the similarity with rotating liquid $He^4$
and derive a simple formula for $H_{c1}$. We identify order parameters based on
symmetry arguments and we propose Landau functional describing the second order
phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95470 </DOCNO>
Generalized spiked harmonic oscillator


  A variational and perturbative treatment is provided for a family of
generalized spiked harmonic oscillator Hamiltonians H = -(d/dx)^2 + B x^2 +
A/x^2 + lambda/x^alpha, where B > 0, A >= 0, and alpha and lambda denote two
real positive parameters. The method makes use of the function space spanned by
the solutions |n> of Schroedinger's equation for the potential V(x)= B x^2 +
A/x^2. Compact closed-form expressions are obtained for the matrix elements
<m|H|n>, and a first-order perturbation series is derived for the wave
function. The results are given in terms of generalized hypergeometric
functions. It is proved that the series for the wave function is absolutely
convergent for alpha <= 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179567 </DOCNO>
Non-abelian anomaly and the Lagrangian for radiative muon capture


  We discuss an anomalous Lagrangian of the pi-rho-omega-a_1 system in the
presence of external electroweak fields which is suitable for constructing the
amplitude for the radiative muon capture by proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75322 </DOCNO>
Why 3 + 1 metric rather than 4 + 0 or 2 + 2?


  Why does the physical 4-dimensional space have a 3 + 1 signature rather than
a 4 + 0 or a 2 + 2 for its metric? We give a simple explanation based largely
on a group-theoretic argument a la Wigner. Applied to flat spaces of higher
dimensions the same approach indicates that metrics with more than one time
dimension are physically unacceptable because the corresponding irreducible
unitary representations are infinite dimensional (besides the trivial
representation).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128200 </DOCNO>
High-Dispersion Spectroscopy of the X-Ray Transient RXTE J0421+560 (= CI


  We obtained high dispersion spectra of CI Cam, the optical counterpart of XTE
J0421+560, two weeks after the peak of its short outburst in 1998 April. The
optical counterpart is a supergiant B[e] star emitting a two-component wind.
The cool wind (the source of narrow emission lines of neutral and ionized
metals) has a velocity of 32 km/s and a temperature near 8000 K. Dense and
roughly spherical, it fills the space around the sgB[e] star, and, based on the
size of an infrared-emitting dust shell around the system, extends to a radius
between 13 - 50 AU. It carries away mass at a high rate, Mdot > 10^(-6) solar
masses per year. The hot wind has a velocity in excess of 2500 km/s and a
temperature of 1.7 +/-0.3 x 10^4 K. From UV spectra of CI Cam obtained in 2000
March with Hubble Space Telescope, we derive a differential extinction E(B-V) =
0.85 +/- 0.05. We derive a distance to CI Cam > 5 kpc. Based on this revised
distance, the X-ray luminosity at the peak of the outburst was L(2-25 keV) >
3.0 x 10^38 erg/s, making CI Cam one of the most luminous X-ray transients. The
ratio of quiescent to peak luminosity in the 2 - 25 keV band is < 1.7 x
10^(-6). The compact star in CI Cam is immersed in the dense circumstellar wind
from the sgB[e] star and burrows through the wind producing little X-ray
emission except for rare transient outbursts. This picture (a compact star
traveling in a wide orbit through the dense circumstellar envelope of a sgB[e]
star, occasionally producing transient X-ray outbursts) makes CI Cam unique
among the known X-ray binaries. Strong circumstantial evidence suggests that
the compact object is a black hole, not a neutron star. We speculate that the
X-ray outburst was short because the accretion disk around the compact star is
fed from a stellar wind and is smaller than disks fed by Roche-lobe overflow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83840 </DOCNO>
A Framework for Assessing Universal Service Obligations: A Developing


  A critical element of most national telecom policy objectives is advancing
universal service. In a multi-operator context, this is usually operationalized
through Universal Service Obligations (USO), by which various operators are
mandated to provide a part of their services to rural areas or to high cost to
serve customers at "affordable" prices.
  This paper highlights the various issues in USO from a developing country
perspective. The first part of this paper gives an overview of USO practices
and issues. The second part reviews the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India's
recommendations on USO cost estimation. In the third part, the paper analyzes
characteristics of rural exchanges with a view to evolve a framework for
assessing USO. This framework is applicable to developing countries as the
study carried out in this paper is in the context of a developing country
characterized by low telecom penetration and non-availability of data with
regulators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75989 </DOCNO>
Complete meson-meson scattering within one loop in Chiral Perturbation


  We review our recent one-loop calculation of all the two meson scattering
amplitudes within SU(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory, i.e. with pions, kaons and
etas. By unitarizing these amplitudes we are able to generate dynamically the
lightest resonances in meson-meson scattering. We thus obtain a remarkable
description of the meson-meson scattering data right from threshold up to 1.2
GeV, in terms of chiral parameters in good agreement with previous
determinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125614 </DOCNO>
Stellar evolution with rotation VII: Low metallicity models and the blue


  We calculate a grid of models with and without the effects of axial rotation
for massive stars in the range of 9 to 60 M$_{\odot}$ and metallicity $Z$ =
0.004 appropriate for the SMC. Remarkably, the ratios
$\Omega/\Omega_{\mathrm{crit}}$ of the angular velocity to the break-up
angular velocity grow strongly during the evolution of high mass stars,
contrary to the situation at $Z$ = 0.020. The reason is that at low $Z$, mass
loss is smaller and the removal of angular momentum during evolution much
weaker, also there is an efficient outward transport of angular momentum by
meridional circulation. Thus, a much larger fraction of the stars at lower $Z$
reach break-up velocities and rotation may thus be a dominant effect at low
$Z$. The models with rotation well account for the long standing problem of the
large numbers of red supergiants observed in low $Z$ galaxies, while current
models with mass loss were predicting no red supergiants. We discuss in detail
the physical effects of rotation which favour a redwards evolution in the HR
diagram. The models also predict large N enrichments during the evolution of
high mass stars. The predicted relative N-enrichments are larger at $Z$ lower
than solar and this is in very good agreement with the observations for A-type
supergiants in the SMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 925 </DOCNO>
Absence of Superconductivity in BeB2


  The hexagonal BeB2 compound has been prepared and found to be paramagnetic
down to 5 K. The mixed (Mg,Be)B2 system has the same TC =39 K as pure MgB2,
indicating that Be does not replace the Mg atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125945 </DOCNO>
Early Metal Enrichment by Pregalactic Outflows: II. Simulations of


  We present results from three-dimensional numerical simulations of the
dynamics of SN-driven bubbles as they propagate through and escape the grasp of
subgalactic halos with masses M ~ 10^8 Msun at redshift z=9. The hydrodynamic
simulations use a nested grid method to follow the evolution of explosive
multi-SN events operating on the characteristic timescale of a few x 10^7 yr,
the lifetime of massive stars. The results confirm that, if the star formation
efficiency of subgalactic halos is close to 10%, a significant fraction of the
halo gas will be lifted out of the potential well (`blow-away'), shock the
intergalactic medium, and pollute it with metal-enriched material, a scenario
recently advocated by Madau, Ferrara & Rees (2001). The volume filling factor
of the ejecta is close to unity. Depending on the stellar distribution, we find
that less than 30% of the available SN energy is converted into kinetic energy
of the blown away material, the remainder being radiated away. It appears that
mechanical feedback is less efficient than expected from simple energetic
arguments, as off-nuclear SN explosions drive inward-propagating shocks that
tend to collect and pile up cold gas in the central regions of the host halo.
Low-mass galaxies at early epochs may survive multiple SN events and continue
forming stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98576 </DOCNO>
A Program For Geometric Arithmetic


  Proposed is a program for what we call Geometric Arithmetic, based on our
works on non-abelian zeta functions and non-abelian class field theory. Key
words are stability and adelic intersection-cohomology theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73653 </DOCNO>
Models of realistic Reggeons for t=0 high energy scattering


  Several Regge-phenomenological models of forward scattering at high energies
are considered. It was found that one of them corresponds to the form of finite
series in log s with additional terms that represent the exchanges of
non-degenerate Regge-trajectories. These trajectories are unique for both the
scattering and resonance regions and satisfy the most realistic ideas on them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168594 </DOCNO>
A necessary and sufficient condition for optimal decompositions


  An important measure of bipartite entanglement is the entanglement of
formation, which is defined as the minimum average pure state entanglement of
all decompositions realizing a given state. A decomposition which achieves this
minimum is called an optimal decomposition. However, as for the entanglement of
formation, there is not much known about the structure of such optimal
decompositions, except for some special cases, like states of two qubits or
isotropic states. Here we present a necessary and sufficient condition for a
set of pure states of a finite dimensional bipartite system to form an optimal
decomposition. This condition is well suited to treat the question, whether the
entanglement of formation is additive or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114370 </DOCNO>
A Relational Database Model for Managing Accelerator Control System


  The operations software group at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
Facility faces a number of challenges common to facilities managing a large
body of software developed in-house. Developers include members of the software
group, operators, hardware engineers and accelerator physicists. One management
problem has been ensuring that all software has an identified maintainer who is
still working at the lab. In some cases, locating source code for 'orphaned'
software has also proven to be difficult. Other challenges include enforcing
minimal standards for versioning and documentation, segregating test software
from operational software, encouraging better code reuse, consolidating
input/output file storage and management, and tracking software dependencies.
This paper will describe a relational database model for tracking the
information necessary to solve the problems above. The instantiation of that
database model provides the foundation for various productivity- and
consistency- enhancing tools for automated (or at least assisted) building,
versioning, documenting and installation of software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129110 </DOCNO>
Systematics of Microwave Polarimetry with the Planck LFI


  The Planck Low Frequency Instrument will recover polarization by differencing
the outputs from radiometers sensitive to orthogonal polarizations. We contrast
the systematic errors that afflict such a system with those that affect
correlation polarimeters; the Planck design has some important advantages when
measuring very weak signals such as the CMB. We also review systematic effects
arising from the choice of scan strategy for all-sky mapping missions like
Planck.[For the Planck-LFI consortium].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72742 </DOCNO>
The two cutoff phase space slicing method


  The phase space slicing method of two cutoffs for next-to-leading-order
Monte-Carlo style QCD corrections has been applied to many physics processes.
The method is intuitive, simple to implement, and relies on a minimum of
process dependent information. Although results for specific applications exist
in the literature, there is not a full and detailed description of the method.
Herein such a description is provided, along with illustrative examples;
details, which have not previously been published, are included so that the
method may be applied to additional hard scattering processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2260 </DOCNO>
High-Tc via electron polar coupling: relation to low-Tc


  Directional coupling of Thornber-Feynman polarization with the high-Tc ARPES
distribution specifies the optimum flatband pseudogap \Delta and mobile
localized quasiparticle. This coupling peaks by tuning the statistics and
interaction energy to produce stable short-ranged directional pairing that
reflects the lattice asymmetry. Analogous energy gap and BCS ratio parameters
are identified for low-Tc long-range acoustical phonons and for
quark-anti-quark tightly bound chiral pions in particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75036 </DOCNO>
Quark correlations and gluon propagators in elastic vector meson


  We study the behavior of the differential cross section for vector meson
photoproduction at large momentum transfer in the two-gluon exchange model. We
focus on the treatment of two-quark correlation function in the proton and on
gluon propagators with a dynamically generated mass. We find that only the
large t region is sensitive to the particular details of these inputs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179215 </DOCNO>
Event-by-event fluctuations and the QGP


  We discuss the physics underlying event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic
heavy ion collisions. We will emphasize how the fluctuations of particle ratios
can be utilized to explore the properties of the matter created in these
collisions. In particular, we will argue that the fluctutions of the ratio of
positively over negatively charged particles may serve as a unique signature
for the Quark Gluon Plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128001 </DOCNO>
Broad and shifted iron-group emission lines in gamma-ray bursts as tests


  In the hypernova/collapsar model of gamma-ray bursts, it is natural that
radiation is emitted by the inner engine for some time after the burst. This
has been discussed as a possible source of the X-ray line emission observed in
some afterglows. We show here that the natural geometry of a hypernova
 --a source of radiation at the bottom of a deep funnel-- has very significant
consequences for the shape and central energy of the observed emission lines:
the lines acquire a very broad scattering wing on the low-energy side and a
characteristic second peak one Compton wavelength away from the initial energy,
due to the once- and twice-scattered photons. We suggest that this explains the
large width of the observed lines. Furthermore, the downscattering lowers the
central line energy (by up to 1 keV in the source rest frame, before the lines
become unrecognizable), so that the observed line energies can become
consistent with originating from cobalt and nickel, as expected in few-day-old
supernova ejecta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1979 </DOCNO>
The $U=\infty$ Hubbard model with few holes: Monte Carlo studies near


  We present an efficient Monte Carlo method to study the properties of the
infinitely repulsive Hubbard model with few holes at finite nonzero
temperatures. Using this method, magnetic and specific heat results are
presented for a 10 by 10 lattice with two holes. Our results show that the
magnetization increases with decreasing temperature for such a finite system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95691 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical Calculations for Wigner Functions via Multiresolution


  We present the application of variational-wavelet analysis to
numerical/analytical calculations of Wigner functions in (nonlinear)
quasiclassical beam dynamics problems. (Naive) deformation quantization and
multiresolution representations are the key points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129114 </DOCNO>
Basic Approach to the Problem of Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy


  Most of the calculations done to obtain the value of the cosmological
constant use methods of quantum gravity, a theory that has not been established
as yet, and a variety of results are usually obtained. The numerical value of
the cosmological constant is then supposed to be inserted in the Einstein field
equations, hence the evolution of the Universe will depend on the calculated
value. Here we present a fundamental approach to the problem. The theory
presented here uses a Riemannian four-dimensional presentation of gravitation
in which the coordinates are those of Hubble, i.e. distances and velocity
rather than space and time. We solve these field equations and show that there
are three possibilities for the Universe to expand but only the accelerating
Universe is possible. From there we calculate the cosmological constant and
find that its value is given by 1.934x10^(-35)s^-2. This value is in excellent
agreement with the measurements obtained by the High-Z Supernova Team and the
Supernova Cosmology Project. Finally it is shown that the three-dimensional
space of the Universe is Euclidean, as the Boomerang experiment shows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1541 </DOCNO>
Universal Negative Poisson Ratio of Self Avoiding Fixed Connectivity


  We determine the Poisson ratio of self-avoiding fixed-connectivity membranes,
modeled as impenetrable plaquettes, to be sigma=-0.37(6), in statistical
agreement with the Poisson ratio of phantom fixed-connectivity membranes
sigma=-0.32(4). Together with the equality of critical exponents, this result
implies a unique universality class for fixed-connectivity membranes. Our
findings thus establish that physical fixed-connectivity membranes provide a
wide class of auxetic (negative Poisson ratio) materials with significant
potential applications in materials science.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123775 </DOCNO>
The BMW Deep X-ray Cluster Survey


  We briefly describe the main features of the Brera Multi-Wavelet (BMW) survey
of serendipitous X-ray clusters, based on the still unexploited ROSAT-HRI
archival observations. Cluster candidates are selected from the general BMW
catalogue of 20,000 sources based exclusively on their X-ray extension.
Contrary to common wisdom, a clever selection of the HRI energy channels allows
us to significantly reduce the background noise, thus greatly improving the
ability to detect low surface-brightness sources as clusters. The resulting
sample of ~250 candidates shows a very good sky coverage down to a flux
\~3x10^-14 erg/s/cm^2 ([0.5-2.0] keV band), i.e comparable to existing
PSPC-based deep survey, with a particularly interesting area of ~100 sq.deg.
around fluxes ~10^-13 erg/s/cm^2, i.e. where highly-luminous, rare systems at
z~0.6-1 can be detected. At the same time, the superior angular resolution of
the instrument should avoid biases against intrinsically small systems, while
easing the identification process (e.g. by spotting blends and AGN
contaminants). While about 20% of the candidates are already identified with
groups/clusters at z<0.3 on the DSS2 images, we have started a deep CCD imaging
campaign to observe all sources associated to "blank fields". First results
from these observations reveal a distant (z>0.5) bonafide cluster counterpart
for ~80% of the targets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81160 </DOCNO>
Center vortices on SU(2) lattices


  We show that gauge invariant definition of thin, thick and hybrid center
vortices, defined by Kovacs and Tomboulis on SO(3) x Z(2) configurations, can
also be defined in SU(2). We make this connection using the freedom of choosing
a particular SU(2) representative of SO(3). We further show that in another
representative the Tomboulis \sigma - \eta thin vortices are P (projection)
vortices. The projection approximation corresponds to dropping the perimeter
factor of a Wilson loop after appropriate gauge fixing. We present results for
static quark potentials based on these vortex counters and compare pojection
vortex counters with gauge invariant ones on the same configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41744 </DOCNO>
Searches for New Particles


  The status of searches for new particles and new physics during the past year
at the Fermilab Tevatron, at HERA and at LEP is summarized. A discussion of the
hints for the Standard Model Higgs boson from LEP2 data is presented. Searches
for non-Standard Model Higgs bosons are also described. Many searches have been
carried out for the particles predicted by supersymmetry theories, and a
sampling of these is given. There have also been searches for flavor changing
neutral currents in the interactions of the top quark. In addition, searches
for excited leptons, leptoquarks and technicolor are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95642 </DOCNO>
Unitary interpolants and factorization indices of matrix functions


  For an $n\times n$ bounded matrix function $\Phi$ we study unitary
interpolants $U$, i.e., unitary-valued functions $U$ such that $\hat
U(j)=\hat\Phi(j)$, $j<0$. We are looking for unitary interpolants $U$ for which
the Toeplitz operator $T_U$ is Fredholm. We give a new approach based on
superoptimal singular values and thematic factorizations. We describe
Wiener--Hopf factorization indices of $U$ in terms of superoptimal singular
values of $\Phi$ and thematic indices of $\Phi-F$, where $F$ is a superoptimal
approximation of $\Phi$ by bounded analytic matrix functions. The approach
essentially relies on the notion of a monotone thematic factorization
introduced in [AP]. In the last section we discuss hereditary properties of
unitary interpolants. In particular, for matrix functions $\Phi$ of class
$H^\be+C$ we study unitary interpolants $U$ of class $QC$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114090 </DOCNO>
Decrease of Particle's Interference Pattern Due to Energy Changes


  In this paper we reveal an additional new cause for decreasing of particles
interference. We found that particle which, transmits kinetic energy to the
detector decrease its wave packet area size. A detector that transmits kinetic
energy to the particle increases the particle's wave packet area. We found
these phenomena cause decrease in the interference pattern. We show that the
interference pattern decrease is graduate and proportional to the amount of the
particle's kinetic energy change. We show that our findings are in agreement
with the results of different experiments like the two slits experiment and the
two paths interferometer experiment. We conclude the wave like behavior of the
particle, is not have to lost in the detection process, it changes its area
size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85790 </DOCNO>
Linear perturbations in a universe with a cosmological constant


  There are now evidences that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ has a
non-zero positive value. Alternative scenarios to a pure cosmological constant
model are provided by quintessence, an effective negative pressure fluid
permeating the universe. Recent results indicate that the energy density $\rho$
and the pressure $p$ of this fluid are constrained by $-\rho\leq p
\buildrel<\over\sim-0.6 \rho$. Since $p=-\rho$ is equivalent to the pure
cosmological constant model, it is appropriate to analyze this particular, but
important, case further. We study the linear theory of perturbations in a
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with a cosmological constant. We obtain the
equations for the evolution of the perturbations in the fully relativistic
case, for which we analyze the single-fluid and the two-fluid cases. We obtain
solutions to these equations in appropriate limits. We also study the Newtonian
approximation. We find that for a positive cosmological constant universe (i)
the perturbations will grow slower in the relativistic regime for a two-fluid
composed of dark matter and radiation, and (ii) in the Newtonian regime, the
perturbations stop growing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75429 </DOCNO>
Modifying operator product expansions by non-perturbative non-locality


  Local quark-hadron duality violations in conventional applications of the
operator product expansion are proposed to have their origin in the fact that
the QCD vacuum or a hadronic state is not only characterized by nonvanishing
expectation values of local, gauge invariant operators but also by finite
correlation lengths of the corresponding gauge invariant $n$-point functions.
Utilizing high-resolution lattice information on these correlators a
non-perturbative component of OPE coarse graining is proposed which, in
principle, allows for a determination of the critical dimension where the
break-down of the expansion sets in.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150257 </DOCNO>
Fractional branes on ALE orbifolds


  We derive the classical type IIB supergravity solution describing fractional
D3-branes transverse to a C^2/Gamma orbifold singularity, for Gamma any
Kleinian ADE subgroup. This solution fully describes the N=2 gauge theory with
appropriate gauge groups and matter living on the branes, up to
non-perturbative instanton contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148827 </DOCNO>
The Diagonal Ghost Equation Ward Identity for Yang-Mills Theories in the


  A BRST perturbative analysis of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in a class of maximal
Abelian gauges is presented. We point out the existence of a new nonintegrated
renormalizable Ward identity which allows to control the dependence of the
theory from the diagonal ghosts. This identity, called the diagonal ghost
equation, plays a crucial role for the stability of the model under radiative
corrections implying, in particular, the vanishing of the anomalous dimension
of the diagonal ghosts. Moreover, the Ward identity corresponding to the
Abelian Cartan subgroup is easily derived from the diagonal ghost equation.
Finally, a simple proof of the fact that the beta function of the gauge
coupling can be obtained from the vacuum polarization tensor with diagonal
gauge fields as external legs is given. A possible mechanism for the decoupling
of the diagonal ghosts at low energy is also suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6834 </DOCNO>
High temperature superconductivity and charge segregation in a model


  An analytical method of studying strong long-range electron-phonon and
Coulomb interactions in complex lattices is presented. The method is applied to
a perovskite layer with anisotropic coupling of holes to the vibrations of
apical atoms. Depending on the relative strength of the polaronic shift, Ep,
and the inter-site Coulomb repulsion, Vc, the system is either a polaronic
Fermi liquid, Vc > 1.23 Ep, a bipolaronic superconductor, 1.16 Ep < Vc < 1.23
Ep, or a charge segregated insulator, Vc < 1.16 Ep. In the superconducting
window, the carriers are mobile bipolarons with a remarkably low effective
mass. The model describes the key features of the underdoped superconducting
cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168059 </DOCNO>
The physical meaning of phase and its importance for quantum


  We argue that the two parties in a quantum teleportation protocol need to
share more resources than just an entangled state and a classical communication
channel. As the phase between orthogonal states has no physical meaning by
itself, a shared standard defining all relevant phases is necessary. We discuss
several physical implementations of qubits and the corresponding physical
meaning of phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76178 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass Operator Renormalization in Two Higgs Doublet Models and


  In a recent re-analysis of the Standard Model (SM) beta-function for the
effective neutrino mass operator, we found that the previous results were not
entirely correct. Therefore, we consider the analogous dimension five operators
in a class of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM's) and the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM). Deriving the renormalization group equations for these
effective operators, we confirm the existing result in the case of the MSSM.
Some of our 2HDM results are new, while others differ from earlier
calculations. This leads to modifications in the renormalization group
evolution of leptonic mixing angles and CP phases in the 2HDM's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2483 </DOCNO>
Indication of Superconductivity at 35 K in Graphite-Sulfur Composites


  We report magnetization measurements performed on graphite--sulfur composites
which demonstrate a clear superconducting behavior below the critical
temperature T$_{c0}$ = 35 K. The Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect, screening
supercurrents, and magnetization hysteresis loops characteristic of type-II
superconductors were measured. The results indicate that the superconductivity
occurs in a small sample fraction, possibly related to the sample surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179093 </DOCNO>
Chiral 3$\pi$-exchange NN-potentials: Results for dominant


  We calculate in (two-loop) chiral perturbation theory the local NN-potentials
generated by the three-pion exchange diagrams with one insertion from the
second order chiral effective pion-nucleon Lagrangian proportional to the
low-energy constants $c_{1,2,3,4}$. The resulting isoscalar central potential
vanishes identically. In most cases these $3\pi$-exchange potentials are larger
than the ones generated by the diagrams involving only leading order vertices
due to the large values of $c_{3,4}$ (which mainly represent virtual
$\Delta$-excitation). A similar feature has been observed for the chiral
$2\pi$-exchange. We also give suitable (double-integral) representations for
the spin-spin and tensor potentials generated by the leading-order diagrams
proportional to $g_A^6$ involving four nucleon propagators. In these cases the
Cutkosky rule cannot be used to calculate the spectral-functions in the
infinite nucleon mass limit since the corresponding mass-spectra start with a
non-vanishing value at the $3\pi$-threshold. Altogether, one finds that chiral
$3\pi$-exchange leads to small corrections in the region $r\geq 1.4$ fm where
$1\pi$- and chiral $2\pi$-exchange alone provide a very good strong NN-force as
shown in a recent analysis of the low-energy pp-scattering data-base.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169227 </DOCNO>
Accardi contra Bell (cum mundi): The Impossible Coupling


  An experimentally observed violation of Bell's inequality is supposed to show
the failure of local realism to deal with quantum reality. However, finite
statistics and the time sequential nature of real experiments still allow a
loophole for local realism. We show that the randomized design of the Aspect
experiment closes this loophole. Our main tool is van de Geer's (2000)
supermartingale version of the classical Bernstein (1924) inequality
guaranteeing, at the root n scale, a not-heavier-than-Gaussian tail of the
distribution of a sum of bounded supermartingale differences. The results are
used to specify a protocol for a public bet between the author and L. Accardi,
who in recent papers (Accardi and Regoli, 2000a,b, 2001) has claimed to have
produced a suite of computer programmes, to be run on a network of computers,
which will simulate a violation of Bell's inequalites. At a sample size of
thirty thousand, both error probabilities are guaranteed smaller than one in a
million, provided we adhere to the sequential randomized design.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148299 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Theory and Noncommutative Geometry


  The noncommutative generalisation of the standard electroweak model due to
Balakrishna, Gursey and Wali is formulated in terms of the derivations
Der_2(M_3) of a three dimensional representation of the su(2) Lie algebra of
weak isospin. A light Higgs boson of mass about 130 GeV, together with four
very heavy scalar bosons are predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123560 </DOCNO>
Detection of Cosmic Shear with the HST Survey Strip


  Weak lensing by large-scale structure provides a unique method to directly
measure matter fluctuations in the universe, and has recently been detected
from the ground. Here, we report the first detection of this `cosmic shear'
based on space-based images. The detection was derived from the Hubble Space
Telescope (HST) Survey Strip (or Groth Strip), a 4' by 42' set of 28 contiguous
WFPC2 pointings with I<27. The small size of the HST Point-Spread Function
(PSF) affords both a lower statistical noise, and a much weaker sensitivity to
systematic effects, a crucial limiting factor of cosmic shear measurements. Our
method and treatment of systematic effects were discussed in an earlier paper
(Rhodes, Refregier & Groth 2000). We measure an rms shear of 1.8% on the WFPC2
chip scale (1.27'), in agreement with the predictions of cluster-normalized CDM
models. Using a Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis, we show that our detection is
significant at the 99.5% confidence level (CL), and measure the normalization
of the matter power spectrum to be sigma8*Omega_m^(0.48) = 0.51 (+0.14,-0.17),
in a LambdaCDM universe. These 68% CL errors include (Gaussian) cosmic
variance, systematic effects and the uncertainty in the redshift distribution
of the background galaxies. Our result is consistent with earlier lensing
measurements from the ground, and with the normalization derived from cluster
abundance. We discuss how our measurement can be improved with the analysis of
a large number of independent WFPC2 fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3403 </DOCNO>
Vortex lattice stability in the SO(5) model


  We study the energetics of superconducting vortices in the SO(5) model for
high-$T_c$ materials proposed by Zhang. We show that for a wide range of
parameters normally corresponding to type II superconductivity, the free energy
per unit flux $\FF(m)$ of a vortex with $m$ flux quanta is a decreasing
function of $m$, provided the doping is close to its critical value. This
implies that the Abrikosov lattice is unstable, a behaviour typical of type I
superconductors. For dopings far from the critical value, $\FF(m)$ can become
very flat, indicating a less rigid vortex lattice, which would melt at a lower
temperature than expected for a BCS superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75038 </DOCNO>
Status of Spin Physics


  Fundamental spin physics has made striking progresses in the last years; new
ideas, experiments and data interpretations have been proposed and keep
emerging. A review of some of the most important issues in the spin structure
of nucleons is made and prospects for the future are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75530 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to the Calculation of Some Properties of Vacuum and $\pi$


  It is shown in a systematic way that the instanton dilute model can be
combined with the global colour symmetry model to form a new nonperturbative
QCD model. Based on the quark propagator derived in the instanton dilute liquid
approximation, the quark condensate $<\bar{q}q>$, the mixed quark gluon
condensate $g_{s}<\bar{q}G_{\mu\nu}\sigma^{\mu\nu}q>$, the four quark
condensate $<|bar{q}\Gamma q\bar{q}\Gamma q>$ and tensor, pion vacuum
susceptibilities have been calculated at the mean field level in the framework
of the new nonperturbative QCD model. The numerical results are compatible with
the values obtained within other nonperturbative approaches. The calculated
masses and decay constants of $\pi$ and $\sigma$ mesons are also close to the
experimental values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125121 </DOCNO>
86 GHz Very Long Baseline Polarimetry of 3C273 and 3C279 with the


  86 GHz Very Long Baseline Polarimetry probes magnetic field structures within
the cores of Active Galactic Nuclei at higher angular resolutions and a
spectral octave higher than previously achievable. Observations of 3C273 and
3C279 taken in April 2000 with the Coordinated Millimeter VLBI Array have
resulted in the first total intensity (Stokes I) and linear polarization VLBI
images reported of any source at 86 GHz. These results reveal the 86 GHz
electric vector position angles within the jets of 3C273 and 3C279 to be
orthogonal to each other, and the core of 3C273 to be unpolarized. If this lack
of polarization is due to Faraday depolarization alone, the dispersion in
rotation measure is >=90000 rad/m^2 for the core of 3C273.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97702 </DOCNO>
The bigger Brauer group is really big


  I show that each etale n-cohomology class on noetherian schemes comes from a
Cech cocycle, provided that any n-tuple of points admits an affine open
neighborhood. Together with results of Raeburn and Taylor on the bigger Brauer
group, this implies that for schemes such that each pair of points admits an
affine open neighborhood, any etale G_m-gerbe comes from a central separable
algebra. Such algebras are nonunital generalizations of Azumaya algebras. I
also prove that, on normal noetherian schemes, each Zariski G_m-gerbe comes
from a central separable algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41761 </DOCNO>
Status and preliminary results of the ANAIS experiment at Canfranc


  ANAIS (Annual Modulation with NaI's) is an experiment planned to investigate
seasonal modulation effects in the signal of galactic WIMPs using up to 107 kg
of NaI(Tl) in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spain). A prototype using
one single crystal (10.7 kg) is being developed before the installation of the
complete experiment; the first results presented here show an average
background level of 1.2 counts/(keV kg day) from threshold (Ethr~4 keV) up to
10 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74405 </DOCNO>
WA98 Photon and CERES Dilepton Spectra: Spectral Red-Shift Versus


  We estimate the photon and dilepton emission rates from hot hadronic matter
with in-medium spectral shift and broadening of vector mesons. It is observed
that both the WA98 photon data and CERES/NA45 dilepton data can be well
reproduced with similar initial conditions. We argue that simultaneous
measurement of the $p_T$ spectra of single photons and invariant mass
distribution of dileptons is important to understand the in-medium spectral
function of the vector mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81267 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to eta' on the Lattice


  We perform an eta' mass analysis based on a total of 1130 dynamical gauge
field configurations, with 5 different quark mass values on lattices of size
16^3*32 (SESAM) and 24^3*40 (TkL) at beta = 5.6. We employ the stochastic
estimator technique and spectral methods to deal with the disconnected piece of
the flavour singlet correlation function. We demonstrate that very early
plateau formation in the local eta' mass can be achieved by first ground state
projecting the connected piece of its correlator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2303 </DOCNO>
Degeneracy of Ground State in Two-dimensional Electron-Lattice System


  We discuss the ground state of a two dimensional electron-lattice system
described by a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger type Hamiltonian with a half-filled
electronic band, for which it has been pointed out in the previous paper [J.
Phys. Soc. Jpn. 69 (2000) 1769-1776] that the ground state distortion pattern
is not unique in spite of a unique electronic energy spectrum and the same
total energy. The necessary and sufficient conditions to be satisfied by the
distortion patterns in the ground state are derived numerically. As a result
the degrees of degeneracy in the ground state is estimated to be about
$N^{N/4}$ for $N \gg 1$ with $N$ the linear dimension of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124624 </DOCNO>
Soft X-ray Properties of ULIRGs Based on a Large and Complete Sample


  We report on the results of the cross-correlation of a sample of 903
Ultraluminous IRAS galaxies (ULIRGs) with the ROSAT-All Sky Survey Bright
Source Catalogue and the ROSAT archived pointing observations. The sample of
ULIRGs has been compiled from the PSCz redshift survey. In total, 35 ULIRGs are
securely detected by the ROSAT All-Sky Survey and pointing observations, five
of which are blazars. The statistical properties of these sources in the soft
X-ray band are determined and compared with their properties in other
wavebands. We find that the ratio of the soft X-ray to the far-infrared flux
spans about 5 orders of magnitude and reaches values of about unity. This ratio
is a good indicator of the main energy source of ULIRGs. Those with soft X-ray
to far-infrared flux exceeding 0.01 are probably powered by accretion onto
central supermassive black holes while those with ratios smaller than 0.001 are
probably caused by starbursts or other heating processes, or are Compton thick
sources. Some ULIRGs have energy contributions from both. This ratio is low for
most ULIRGs and hyperluminous infrared galaxies, which explains their low
detection rate by ROSAT and ASCA. We also find that some ULIRGs have a similar
soft X-ray luminosity vs. temperature relation to that for groups of galaxies
and elliptical galaxies, suggesting a common origin of these systems. Our study
also reveals a correlation between the hardness ratio and the soft X-ray
luminosity for Seyfert 1s/QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5456 </DOCNO>
On the effective velocity created by a point vortex in two-dimensional


  We complete previous investigations on the statistics of velocity
fluctuations arising from a random distribution of point vortices in
two-dimensional hydrodynamics. We show that, on a statistical sense, the
velocity created by a point vortex is shielded by cooperative effects on a
distance $\Lambda \sim n^{-1/2}$, the inter-vortex separation. For $R\gg
\Lambda$, the ``effective'' velocity decays as $R^{-2}$ instead of the ordinary
law $R^{-1}$ recovered for $R\ll \Lambda$. These results are similar to those
obtained by Agekyan [Sov. Astron. 5 (1962) 809] in his investigations on the
fluctuations of the gravitational field. They give further support to our
previous observation that the statistics of velocity fluctuations are
(marginally) dominated by the contribution of the nearest neighbor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81044 </DOCNO>
Wilson Action of Lattice Gauge Fields with An Additional Term from


  Differential structure of lattices can be defined if the lattices are treated
as models of noncommutative geometry. The detailed construction consists of
specifying a generalized Dirac operator and a wedge product. Gauge potential
and field strength tensor can be defined based on this differential structure.
When an inner product is specified for differential forms, classical action can
be deduced for lattice gauge fields. Besides the familiar Wilson action being
recovered, an additional term, related to the non-unitarity of link variables
and loops spanning no area, emerges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4873 </DOCNO>
Ground states of quantum antiferromagnets in two dimensions


  We explore the ground states and quantum phase transitions of
two-dimensional, spin S=1/2, antiferromagnets by generalizing lattice models
and duality transforms introduced by Sachdev and Jalabert (Mod. Phys. Lett. B
4, 1043 (1990), http://onsager.physics.yale.edu/p32.pdf). The `minimal' model
for square lattice antiferromagnets is a lattice discretization of the quantum
non-linear sigma model, along with Berry phases which impose quantization of
spin. With full SU(2) spin rotation invariance, we find a magnetically ordered
ground state with Neel order at weak coupling, and a confining paramagnetic
ground state with bond charge (e.g. spin Peierls) order at strong coupling. We
study the mechanisms by which these two states are connected in intermediate
coupling. We extend the minimal model to study different routes to
fractionalization and deconfinement in the ground state, and also generalize it
to cases with a uniaxial anisotropy (the spin symmetry group is then U(1)). For
the latter systems, fractionalization can appear by the pairing of vortices in
the staggered spin order in the easy-plane; however, we argue that this route
does not survive the restoration of SU(2) spin symmetry. For SU(2) invariant
systems we study a separate route to fractionalization associated with the
Higgs phase of a complex boson measuring non-collinear, spiral spin
correlations: we present phase diagrams displaying competition between magnetic
order, bond charge order, and fractionalization, and discuss the nature of the
quantum transitions between the various states. A strong check on our methods
is provided by their application to S=1/2 frustrated antiferromagnets in one
dimension: here, our results are in complete accord with those obtained by
bosonization and by the solution of integrable models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1988 </DOCNO>
Vortex Lattices in Quantum Mechanics


  Vortex lattices are constructed in terms of linear combinations of solutions
for Scr\"{o}dinger equation with a constant potential. The vortex lattices are
mapped on the spaces with two-dimensional rotationally symmetric potentials by
using conformal mappings and the differences of the mapped vortex-patterns are
examined. The existence of vortex dipole and quadrupole is also pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179592 </DOCNO>
Scaling in many-body systems and proton structure function


  The observation of scaling in processes in which a weakly interacting probe
delivers large momentum ${\bf q}$ to a many-body system simply reflects the
dominance of incoherent scattering off target constituents. While a suitably
defined scaling function may provide rich information on the internal dynamics
of the target, in general its extraction from the measured cross section
requires careful consideration of the nature of the interaction driving the
scattering process. The analysis of deep inelastic electron-proton scattering
in the target rest frame within standard many-body theory naturally leads to
the emergence of a scaling function that, unlike the commonly used structure
functions $F_1$ and $F_2$, can be directly identified with the intrinsic proton
response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167967 </DOCNO>
Prospects for a Quantum Dynamic Random Access Memory (Q-DRAM)


  Compared to quantum logic gates, quantum memory has received far less
attention. Here, we explore the prognosis for a solid-state, scalable quantum
dynamic random access memory (Q-DRAM), where the qubits are encoded by the spin
orientations of single quantons in exchange-decoupled quantum dots. We address,
in particular, various possibilities for implementing refresh cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 694 </DOCNO>
Anomalous scattering rate and microwave absorption in


  We determine the scattering rate from microwave measurements for an optimally
doped Bi-2212 single crystal, using a simple two fluid model with a d-wave
symmetry order parameter. In the superconducting state, the calculated
scattering rate is three orders of magnitude smaller than that determined from
ARPES experiments. A similar anomalously large decrease in the scattering rate
is also required to explain the data within a gap-quasiparticle scenario for
other HTS, such as $YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-\delta}$. The results suggest that the
assumption of normal excitations vanishing at low $T$ is invalid and an
additional charge mode is responsible for the microwave absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41793 </DOCNO>
Angular Distribution of Leptons in General ttbar Production and Decay


  Angular distribution of the secondary lepton in top-quark production followed
by subsequent semi-leptonic decay is studied assuming general top-quark
couplings. It is shown that the distribution does not depend on any possible
anomalous tbW couplings and is determined only by the standard V-A decay vertex
for any production mechanism if certain well-justified conditions are
satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114373 </DOCNO>
The Control System Modeling Language


  The well-known Unified Modeling Language (UML) describes software entities,
such as interfaces, classes, operations and attributes, as well as
relationships among them, e.g. inheritance, containment and dependency. The
power of UML lies in Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools such as
Rational Rose, which are also capable of generating software structures from
visual object definitions and relations. UML also allows add-ons that define
specific structures and patterns in order to steer and automate the design
process. We have developed an add-on called Control System Modeling Language
(CSML). It introduces entities and relationships that we know from control
systems, such as "property" representing a single controllable point/channel,
or an "event" specifying that a device is capable of notifying its clients
through events. Entities can also possess CSML-specific characteristics, such
as physical units and valid ranges for input parameters. CSML is independent of
any specific language or technology and generic such that any control system
can be described with it. Simple transformation scripts map CSML defined
structures to APIs and tools such as EPICS, CDEV, SCADA, Abeans, BACI and
generate the appropriate database or source files. Advantages of control system
development with CSML are discussed on a concrete example of a bending magnet's
power supply in a synchrotron accelerator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125241 </DOCNO>
Host Galaxies, Obscuration and Nuclear Structure of Three Nearby Compact


  We present 3-band HST imaging of three z</=0.1 compact symmetric objects
(CSOs): 4C 31.04, 1946+708 and 1146+596. These objects were chosen on the basis
of proximity to Earth as well as HI 21 cm absorption. The inner H-band
isophotes of these galaxies are well fit by "nuker" models, typical of nearby
ellipticals. Each shows a significant flattening in the isophotal profile at
radii ~0.5", as well as variations in ellipticity and PA. However, neither is
uncommon for elliptical galaxies. All three show modest departures from nuker
models at radii of 1-5 $h_{60}^{-1}$ kpc. Each shows large, well distributed
dust features, which are somewhat concentrated in the nuclear regions in
features which resemble disks or tori. The amount of dust in these galaxies is
about 10 times higher than normal for ellipticals and radio galaxy hosts. The
nuclear dust disks tend to be oriented roughly perpendicular to the radio axis.
One galaxy, 4C31.04, exhibits bright nuclear regions well-aligned with the
radio axis, while another, 1146+596, shows a significant near-IR excess
resembling a stellar bar along its dust disk. The combination of outwardly
normal isophotal profiles with significant variations in PA and ellipticity is
consistent with the host galaxies being relatively recent merger remnants, with
the mergers having occurred >/= 10^8 years ago. Such a merger could have
"triggered" the current activity in these objects, but our data require a
significant time delay between the merger and the onset of nuclear activity.
However, these data are also consistent with the hypothesis that the onset of
nuclear activity in radio galaxies is due to relatively minor "feeding" events
and/or the formation of "bars within bars", which would disturb the internal
kinematics only slightly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168774 </DOCNO>
The stuff the world is made of: physics and reality


  Taking into account the results that we have been obtained during the last
decade in the foundations of quantum mechanic we put forward a view on reality
that we call the 'creation discovery view'. In this view it is made explicit
that a measurement is an act of a macroscopic physical entity on a
microphysical entity that entails the creation of new elements of reality as
well as the detection of existing elements of reality. Within this view most of
the quantum mechanical paradoxes are due to structural shortcomings of the
standard quantum theory, which means that our analysis agrees with the claim
made in the Einstein Podolsky Rosen paper, namely that standards quantum
mechanics is an incomplete theory. This incompleteness is however not due to
the absence of hidden variables but to the impossibility for standard quantum
mechanics to describe separated quantum entities. Nonlocality appears as a
genuine property of nature in our view and makes it necessary to reconsider the
role of space in reality. Our proposal for a new interpretation for space makes
it possible to put forward an new hypothesis for why it has not been possible
to unify quantum mechanics and relativity theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87157 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Generic Isolated Horizons


  Geometrical structures intrinsic to non-expanding, weakly isolated and
isolated horizons are analyzed and compared with structures which arise in
other contexts within general relativity, e.g., at null infinity. In
particular, we address in detail the issue of singling out the preferred
normals to these horizons required in various applications. This work provides
powerful tools to extract invariant, physical information from numerical
simulations of the near horizon, strong field geometry. While it complements
the previous analysis of laws governing the mechanics of weakly isolated
horizons, prior knowledge of those results is not assumed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148180 </DOCNO>
Brane/anti-Brane Systems and U(N|M) Supergroup


  We show that in the context of topological string theories N branes and M
anti-branes give rise to Chern-Simons gauge theory with the gauge supergroup
$U(N|M)$. We also identify a deformation of the theory which corresponds to
brane/anti-brane annihilation. Furthermore we show that when $N=M$ all open
string states are BRST trivial in the deformed theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129347 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical Models of Pulsar wind Bow-Shock Nebulae


  We present hydrodynamical simulations, using a 2-D two fluid model, of bow
shocks in a representative regime for pulsar wind driven bow-shock nebulae. We
also investigate the behaviour of a passive toroidal magnetic field wounded
around the pulsar velocity direction. Moreover we estimate the opacity of the
bow-shock to penetration of ISM neutral hydrogen. Finally we compare these
numerical results with those from an analytical model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125990 </DOCNO>
Electrical Conductivity at the Core of a Magnetar


  An expression for the electrical conductivity at the core of a magnetar is
derived using Boltzmann kinetic equation with the relaxation time
approximation. The rates for the relevant scattering processes, e.g.,
electron-electron and electron-proton are evaluated in presence of strong
quantizing magnetic fields using tree level diagrams. It is found that in
presence of a strong quantizing magnetic field, electrical conductivity behaves
like a second rank tensor. However, if the zeroth Landau levels are only
occupied by the charged particles, it again behaves like a scaler of a one
dimensional system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 581 </DOCNO>
The influence of the oscillations of the chemical potential on the de


  The de Haas - van Alphen effect in quasi-two-dimensional metals is studied at
arbitrary parameters. The oscillations of the chemical potential may
substantially change the temperature dependence of harmonic amplitudes that is
usually used to determine the effective electron mass. Hence, the processing of
the experimental data using the standard Lifshitz-Kosevich formula (that
assumes the chemical potential to be constant) may lead to substantial errors
even in the limit of strong harmonic damping. This fact may explain the
difference between the effective electron masses, determined from the de Haas -
van Alphen effect and the cyclotron resonance measurements. The oscillations of
the chemical potential and the deviations from the Lifshitz-Kosevich formula
depend on the reservoir density of states, that exists in organic metals due to
open sheets of Fermi surface. This dependence can be used to determine the
density of electron states on open sheets of Fermi surface. We present the
analytical results of the calculations of harmonic amplitudes in some limiting
cases that show the importance of the oscillations of the chemical potential.
The algorithm of the simple numerical calculation of the harmonic amplitudes at
arbitrary reservoir density of states, arbitrary warping, spin-splitting,
temperature and Dingle temperature is also described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174752 </DOCNO>
Recent measurements with the out-of-plane spectrometer system at


  The recent experimental program with the out-of-plane spectrometer system
(OOPS) at MIT-Bates encompassed an extensive set of
$\mathrm{d}(\vec\mathrm{e},\mathrm{e}'\mathrm{p})$ measurements, investigations
of the $\mathrm{N}\to\Delta$ transition using
$\mathrm{p}(\vec\mathrm{e},\mathrm{e}'\mathrm{p})\pi^0$ and
$\mathrm{p}(\vec\mathrm{e},\mathrm{e}'\pi^+)\mathrm{n}$ reaction channels, and
studies of virtual Compton scattering (VCS)
$\mathrm{p}(\mathrm{e},\mathrm{e}'\mathrm{p})\gamma$ below the pion threshold.
Preliminary results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169248 </DOCNO>
Quantum Effects in Matter-Wave Diffraction


  Advances in micro-technology of the last years have made it possible to carry
optics textbooks experiments over to atomic and molecular beams, such as
diffraction by a double slit or transmission grating. The usual wave-optical
approach gives a good qualitative description of these experiments. However,
small deviations therefrom and sophisticated quantum mechanics yield new
surprising insights on the size of particles and on their interaction with
surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113803 </DOCNO>
Adding Physical Quantities in Introductory Physics


  In physics/0103069 we proposed a unified approach to addition of resistors
and capacitors such that the formulae are always simply additive. This approach
has the advantage of being consistent with the intuition of students. To
demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we proposed some problems. In
this companion to the original paper, we give the solutions of the problems and
we add new problems from different areas of physics. We hope that it can serve
as a resource paper for problems on the subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95681 </DOCNO>
A general theory of almost convex functions


  Let $\Delta_m$ be the standard $m$-dimensional simplex of non-negative $m+1$
tuples that sum to unity and let $S$ be a nonempty subset of $\Delta_m$. A real
valued function $h$ defined on a convex subset of a real vector space is
$S$-almost convex iff for all $(t_0,...,t_m)\in S$ and $x_0,...,x_m\in C$ the
inequality h(t_0 x_0+ ... +t_m x_m)\leq 1+ t_0 h(x_0)+ ... +t_m h(x_m) holds. A
detailed study of the properties of $S$-almost convex functions is made,
including the constriction of the extremal (i.e. pointwise largest bounded)
$S$-almost convex function on simplices that vanishes on the vertices. In the
special case that $S$ is the barycenter of $\Delta_m$ very explicit formulas
are given for the extremal function and its maximum. This is of interest as the
extremal function and its maximum give the best constants in various geometric
and analytic inequalities and theorems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 564 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation effects in disordered Peierls systems


  We review the density of states and related quantities of quasi
one-dimensional disordered Peierls systems in which fluctuation effects of a
backscattering potential play a crucial role. The low-energy behavior of
non-interacting fermions which are subject to a static random backscattering
potential will be described by the fluctuating gap model (FGM). Recently, the
FGM has also been used to explain the pseudogap phenomenon in high-$T_c$
superconductors. After an elementary introduction to the FGM in the context of
commensurate and incommensurate Peierls chains, we develop a non-perturbative
method which allows for a simultaneous calculation of the density of states
(DOS) and the inverse localization length. First, we recover all known results
in the limits of zero and infinite correlation lengths of the random potential.
Then, we attack the problem of finite correlation lengths. While a complex
order parameter, which describes incommensurate Peierls chains, leads to a
suppression of the DOS, i.e. a pseudogap, the DOS exhibits a singularity at the
Fermi energy if the order parameter is real and therefore refers to a
commensurate system. We confirm these results by calculating the DOS and the
inverse localization length for finite correlation lengths and Gaussian
statistics of the backscattering potential with unprecedented accuracy
numerically. Finally, we consider the case of classical phase fluctuations
which apply to low temperatures where amplitude fluctuations are frozen out. In
this physically important regime, which is also characterized by finite
correlation lengths, we present analytic results for the DOS, the inverse
localization length, the specific heat, and the Pauli susceptibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2536 </DOCNO>
Inelastic effects in electron tunneling through water layers


  Calculations of tunneling matrix elements associated with electron transfer
through molecular environments are usually done for given frozen nuclear
configurations, assuming that nuclear motions are slow relative to the
timescale of a tunneling event. The motivation for this study is a recent
calculation [Peskin et al, J. Chem. Phys. 111, 7558 (1999)] that indicates that
electron tunneling through water may be enhanced by tunneling resonances in the
range of ~1eV below the vacuum barrier and finds that the lifetimes of such
resonances are in the 10fs range, same order as OH stretch periods. Our
calculation is based on the absorbing-boundary-conditions-Green's-function
(ABCGF) method. First we consider the effect of a single symmetric OH-stretch
mode on electron tunneling in an otherwise frozen water environment and
establish that the inelastic tunneling probability is small enough to justify
an approach based on perturbation theory limited to single phonon transitions.
Next we note that on the short timescale of a tunneling event, even under
resonance conditions, water nuclear dynamics may be represented in the
instantaneous normal modes picture. We generalize the ABCGF method to take into
account low order inelastic scattering from a continuum of such harmonic normal
modes. We find that near resonance the total inelastic transmission probability
is of the same order as the elastic one, and may lead to an additional ~20-40%
enhancement of the overall transmission in the range of up to 1eV below the
vacuum barrier. The absolute energy exchange is small, of the order of 1% of
the incident electron energy. The main contribution to the inelastic
transmission is associated with energy transfer into the rotational-librational
range of the water instantaneous normal mode spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 795 </DOCNO>
Doubling of the bands in overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-probable evidence for


  We present high resolution ARPES data of the bilayer superconductor
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi2212) showing a clear doubling of the near EF bands. This
splitting approaches zero along the (0,0)-(pi,pi) nodal line and is not
observed in single layer Bi2Sr2CuO6 (Bi2201), suggesting that the splitting is
due to the long sought after bilayer splitting effect. The splitting has a
magnitude of approximately 75 meV near the middle of the zone, extrapolating to
about 100 meV near the (pi,0) point

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114123 </DOCNO>
Raman Spectroscopy of the Eutectic in the Mixed Crystal of the


  The mixed crystal of a para-dibromobenzene with a para-chloronitrobenzene is
investigated at concentration of components from 0% up to 60% of a
para-chloronitrobenzene by the method of Low-Frequency Raman spectroscopy. It
is shown, that in range of concentrations from 25% up to 50% of a
para-chloronitrobenzene the spectrum of the mixed crystal would consist of the
sum of spectrums a and b phases which relation of intensities depends on
concentration of components. It is also found, that the single crystal in this
range has rod frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114198 </DOCNO>
Performance of the triple-GEM detector with optimized 2-D readout in


  Multiple-GEM detectors are considered to be good candidates for tracking
devices in experiments with high hadronic background. We present the results of
the triple-GEM detectors beam test in a high intensity pion beam. The detectors
had an optimized two-dimensional readout with minimized strip capacitance. Such
optimization permitted the starting point of the efficiency plateau down to a
gain of 5000. The probability of GEM discharges induced by heavily ionizing
particles has been measured as a function of gain: at a gain of 20000 it
amounts to 10^(-11) per incident particle. Such a value will ensure safe
operation of the detector in the conditions of forward region of the LHC
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2934 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties of nanoparticles in the Bethe-Peierls approximation


  In this work we present a new method to calculate the classical properties of
magnetic nanoparticles. Based on the Bethe-Peierls (pair) approximation, we
developed a simple system of equations for the classical magnetization of spins
at any position within the nanoparticle. The nearest neightbor pair
correlations are treated exactly for Ising spins, and the method can be
generalized for various lattice symmetries. The master equation is solved for
the Glauber dynamics (single-spin-flip) in order to obtain the time evolution
of the magnetization. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated through
the calculation of hysteresis loops as well as field cooling (FC) and zero
field cooling (ZFC) magnetization curves of heterogeneous nanoparticles. The
present method can be an alternative to the usually complex and time consuming
methods employed in micromagnetism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41030 </DOCNO>
Experimental Investigations of Changes in beta-decay rate of Co-60 and


  Results of simultaneous measurements of beta-decay rate with the aid of
Ge(Li)-detectors performed at two laboratories 140km apart (INR RAS, Troitsk,
Co-60, and JINR, Dubna, Cs-137) during a period from 15.03.2000 till
10.04.2000, are presented. Regular deviations of the count rate of gamma-quanta
following the beta-decay of $\sim$ 0.7% (INR RAS, Co-60) and $\sim$ 0.2% (JINR,
Cs-137) from the statistical average, are observed. The analysis of extremum
deviations of gamma-quanta count rate shows that the set of directions of
tangents to the Earth's parallels of latitude at the extremum points of
trajectories of motion in the space of each laboratory clearly forms three
separate compact subsets of directions which agree, for two laboratories, to an
accuracy of $\pm10^\circ$. This phenomenon is shown not to be explained on the
basis of traditional notion. A possible explanation is suggested basing on the
hypothesis that there exists a new anisotropic interaction caused by the
cosmological vectorial potential \textbf{A}$_{\rm g}$, a new fundamental
constant having, according to the experiments carried out, the coordinate of
right ascension $\alpha \approx 285^\circ$ in the second equatorial system.
This is in agreement with earlier experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 477 </DOCNO>
Acoustic Attenuation by Two-dimensional Arrays of Rigid Cylinders


  In this Letter, we present a theoretical analysis of the acoustic
transmission through two-dimensional arrays of straight rigid cylinders placed
parallelly in the air. Both periodic and completely random arrangements of the
cylinders are considered. The results for the sound attenuation through the
periodic arrays are shown to be in a remarkable agreement with the reported
experimental data. As the arrangement of the cylinders is randomized, the
transmission is significantly reduced for a wider range of frequencies. For the
periodic arrays, the acoustic band structures are computed by the plane-wave
expansion method and are also shown to agree with previous results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125624 </DOCNO>
Measuring Angular Diameter Distances through Halo Clustering


  Current and upcoming wide-field surveys for weak gravitational lensing and
the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect will generate mass-selected catalogues of dark
matter halos with internal or followup photometric redshift information. The
angular power spectrum of these halos provides additional information that
complements the previously-studied number counts. In particular, using the
shape of the linear power spectrum as a standard ruler that is calibrated by
cosmic microwave background measurements, we find that a survey of 4000 sqr.
deg. and a mass threshold of 10^14 M_sun can be used to determine the comoving
angular diameter distance as a function of redshift. In principle, this test
also allows an absolute calibration of the distance scale and measurement of
the Hubble constant. This test is largely insensitive to the details of halo
mass measurements, mass function, and halo bias. Determination of these
quantities would further allow a measurement of the linear growth rate of
fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127701 </DOCNO>
Local Interstellar Matter: The view from Paris


  Observations of interstellar gas and dust towards nearby stars and within the
solar system show that the Sun is embedded in a warm diffuse partially-ionized
cloud. This cloud is the leading edge of a flow of interstellar matter (ISM)
through our Galactic neighborhood. Interstellar matter sets the boundary
conditions of the heliosphere and astrospheres of extra-solar planetary
systems. Moreover, the interplanetary regions in these systems are sensitive to
inflowing ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74373 </DOCNO>
MRST Global Fit Update


  We discuss the impact of the most recent data on the MRST global analysis -
in particular the new high-E_T jet data and their implications for the gluon
and the new small x structure function data. In the light of these new data we
also consider the uncertainty in predictions for physical quantities depending
on parton distributions, concentrating on the W cross-section at hadron
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72510 </DOCNO>
Degenerate and Other Neutrino Mass Scenarios and Dark Matter


  I discuss in this talk mainly three topics related with dark matter motivated
neutrino mass spectrum and a generic issue of mass pattern, the normal versus
the inverted mass hierarchies. In the first part, by describing failure of a
nontrivial potential counter example, I argue that the standard 3 $\nu$ mixing
scheme with the solar and the atmospheric $\Delta m^2$'s is robust. In the
second part, I discuss the almost degenerate neutrino (ADN) scenario as the
unique possibility of accommodating dark matter mass neutrinos into the 3 $\nu$
scheme. I review a cosmological bound and then reanalyze the constraints
imposed on the ADN scenario with the new data of double beta decay experiment.
In the last part, I discuss the 3 $\nu$ flavor transformation in supernova (SN)
and point out the possibility that neutrinos from SN may distinguish the normal
versus inverted hierarchies of neutrino masses. By analyzing the neutrino data
from SN1987A, I argue that the inverted mass hierarchy is disfavored by the
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6510 </DOCNO>
Huyghens Principle, Planck Law: Peculiarities in the Behavior of Planar


  Huyghens principle and Planck law are studied in Maxwell and
Maxwell-Chern-Simons frameworks in (2+1) dimensions. Contrary to (3+1)
dimensions, massless photons are shown to violate Huyghens principle in planar
world. In addition, we obtain that Planck law is no longer proportional to
$\nu^3$, but to the squared frequency, $\nu^2$, of the planar photons. We also
briefly discuss possible physical consequences of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113537 </DOCNO>
True energy-momentum tensors are unique. Electrodynamics spin tensor is


  From our point of view, classical electrodynamics is not complete. The task
is to discover a nonzero spin tensor of electromagnetic field.
     The variational principle results in a pair of the canonical tensors: the
energy-momentum tensor and the spin tensor. But they contradict experience. The
attempt to correct the tensors by subtraction the Rosenfeld's pair of tensors
from the canonical pair does not lead to the Minkowski energy-momentum tensor,
eliminates electrodynamics spin tensor and is inadmissible on principle because
an addition of any construction to an energy-momentum tensor of concrete matter
corresponds to a local change of matter. And what is more, the addition can
change the total 4-momentum and angular 4-momentum of a system.
     The elimination of spin tensor leads to a strange opinion that a
circularly polarized plane wave with infinite extent can have no angular
momentum, that only a quasiplane wave of finite transverse extend carries an
angular momentum which is provided by an outer region of the wave where the
amplitudes of the electric and magnetic fields are decreasing.
     From our point of view, the inner region where energy flow is parallel to
the wave vector has a spin angular momentum. If a circularly polarized beam is
absorbed by a round target which is divided concentrically into outer and inner
parts, the inner part of the target will perceive a torque.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124633 </DOCNO>
The Measurement of Disk Ellipticity in Nearby Spiral Galaxies


  We have measured the intrinsic disk ellipticity for 7 nearby, nearly face-on
spiral galaxies by combining Densepak integral-field spectroscopy with I-band
imaging from the WIYN telescope. Initially assuming an axisymmetric model, we
determine kinematic inclinations and position angles from H-alpha velocity
fields, and photometric axis ratios and position angles from imaging data. We
interpret the observed disparities between kinematic and photometric disk
parameters in terms of an intrinsic non-zero ellipticity. The mean ellipticity
of our sample is 0.05. If the majority of disk galaxies have such intrinsic
axis ratios, this would account for roughly 50% of the scatter in the
Tully-Fisher relation. This result, in turn, places tighter constraints on
other sources of scatter in this relation, the most astrophysically compelling
of which is galaxy mass-to-light ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149916 </DOCNO>
The polarization of F1 strings into D2 branes: "Aut Caesar aut nihil"


  We give matrix and supergravity descriptions of type IIA F-strings polarizing
into cylindrical D2 branes. When a RR four-form field strength F_4 is turned on
in a supersymmetric fashion (with 4 supercharges), a complete analysis of the
solutions reveals the existence of a moduli space of F1 -> D2 polarizations
(Caesar) for some fractional strengths of the perturbation, and of no
polarization whatsoever (nihil) for all other strengths of the perturbation.
This is a very intriguing phenomenon, whose physical implications we can only
speculate about. In the matrix description of the polarization we use the
Non-Abelian Born-Infeld action in an extreme regime, where the commutators of
the fields are much larger than 1. The validity of the results we obtain,
provides a direct confirmation of this action, although is does not confirm or
disprove the symmetrized trace prescription.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98708 </DOCNO>
A topological obstruction to existence of quaternionic Plucker map


  We prove the following statement motivated by the quaternionic linear
algebra: there is no continuous map from the quaternionic Grassmannian to the
quaternionic projective space such that the pull back of the first Pontryagin
class of the tautological bundle over the projective space is equal to the
first Pontryagin class of the tautological bundle over the Grassmannian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1034 </DOCNO>
Small-world behavior in a system of mobile elements


  We analyze the propagation of activity in a system of mobile automata. A
number r L^d of elements move as random walkers on a lattice of dimension d,
while with a small probability p they can jump to any empty site in the system.
We show that this system behaves as a Dynamic Small-World (DSW) and present
analytic and numerical results for several quantities. Our analysis shows that
the persistence time T* (equivalent to the persistence size L* of small-world
networks) scales as T* ~ (r p)^(-t), with t = 1/(d+1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74389 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Dijet Production and Nuclear Shadowing in pA Interactions


  We study the implications of non-universality observed recently in e p and
pbar p diffraction for nuclear shadowing and diffractive dijet production in pA
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174631 </DOCNO>
Strange Magnetism and the Anapole Structure of the Proton


  The violation of mirror symmetry in the weak force provides a powerful tool
to study the internal structure of the proton. Experimental results have been
obtained that address the role of strange quarks in generating nuclear
magnetism. The measurement reported here provides an unambiguous constraint on
strange quark contributions to the proton's magnetic moment through the
electron-proton weak interaction. We also report evidence for the existence of
a parity-violating electromagnetic effect known as the anapole moment of the
proton. The proton's anapole moment is not yet well understood theoretically,
but it could have important implications for precision weak interaction studies
in atomic systems such as cesium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96917 </DOCNO>
Subvarieties of Shimura varieties


  A conjecture by Yves Andre and Frans Oort says that closed subvarieties of
Shimura varieties that contain a Zariski dense subset of special points are
subvarieties of Hodge type. We prove this in the case where the subvariety is a
curve that contains infinitely many special points that lie in one Hecke orbit.
Via work of Juergen Wolfart, Paula Cohen and Gisbert Wuestholz, this result has
an application to algebraicity of values of hypergeometric functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150234 </DOCNO>
Chiral splitting and world-sheet gravitinos in higher-derivative string


  We report on progress made in the construction of higher-derivative
superinvariants for type-II theories in ten dimensions. The string amplitude
calculations required for this analysis exhibit interesting features which have
received little attention in the literature so far. We discuss two examples
from a forthcoming publication: the construction of the (H_{NS})^2 R^3 terms
and the fermionic completion of the \epsilon\epsilon R^4 terms. We show that a
correct answer requires very careful treatment of the chiral splitting theorem,
implies unexpected new relations between fermionic correlators, and most
interestingly, necessitates the use of worldsheet gravitino zero modes in the
string vertex operators. In addition, we discuss the relation of our results to
the predictions of the linear scalar superfield of the type-IIB theory and find
(and explain) an interesting discrepancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5812 </DOCNO>
Anomalous doping dependence of the fluctuation-induced diamagnetism in


  SQUID magnetization measurements in oriented powders of Y$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$Ba$%
_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{y}$, with $x$ ranging from 0 to 0.2, for $y\approx 6.1$ and
$y\approx 6.97$, have been performed in order to study the doping dependence of
the fluctuating diamagnetism above the superconducting transition temperature
$T_{c}$. While for optimally doped compounds the diamagnetic susceptibility and
the magnetization curves $-M_{fl}(T=const$) vs. $H$ are rather well justified
on the basis of an anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau (GL) functional, in underdoped
and overdoped regimes an anomalous diamagnetism is observed, with a large
enhancement with respect to the GL scenario. Furthermore the shape of
magnetization curves differs strongly from the one derived in that scheme. The
anomalies are discussed in terms of phase fluctuations of the order parameter
in a layered system of vortices and in the assumption of charge inhomogeneities
inducing local, non percolating, superconducting regions with $T_{c}^{(loc)}$
higher than the resistive transition temperature $T_{c}$. The susceptibility
displays activated temperature behavior, a mark characteristic of the
vortex-antivortex description, while history dependent magnetization, with
relaxation after zero-field cooling, is consistent with the hypothesis of
superconducting droplets in the normal state. Thus the theoretical picture
consistently accounts for most experimental findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125791 </DOCNO>
Imaging Polarimetric Observations of a New Circumstellar Disk System


  Few circumstellar disks have been directly observed. Here we use sensitive
differential polarimetric techniques to overcome atmospheric speckle noise in
order to image the circumstellar material around HD 169142. The detected
envelope or disk is considerably smaller than expectations based on the
measured strength of the far-IR excess from this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87051 </DOCNO>
A rotating black ring in five dimensions


  The vacuum Einstein equations in five dimensions are shown to admit a
solution describing an asymptotically flat spacetime regular on and outside an
event horizon of topology S^1 x S^2. It describes a rotating ``black ring''.
This is the first example of an asymptotically flat vacuum solution with an
event horizon of non-spherical topology. There is a range of values for the
mass and angular momentum for which there exist two black ring solutions as
well as a black hole solution. Therefore the uniqueness theorems valid in four
dimensions do not have simple higher dimensional generalizations. It is
suggested that increasing the spin of a five dimensional black hole beyond a
critical value results in a transition to a black ring, which can have an
arbitrarily large angular momentum for a given mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113731 </DOCNO>
S-matrix poles and the second virial coefficient


  For cutoff potentials, a condition which is not a limitation for the
calculation of physical systems, the S-matrix is meromorphic. We can express it
in terms of its poles, and then calculate the quantum mechanical second virial
coefficient of a neutral gas.
  Here, we take another look at this approach, and discuss the feasibility,
attraction and problems of the method. Among concerns are the rate of
convergence of the 'pole' expansion and the physical significance of the
'higher' poles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97459 </DOCNO>
On some integrals involving the Hurwitz zeta function: part 2


  We establish a series of indefinite integral formulae involving the Hurwitz
zeta function and other elementary and special functions related to it, such as
the Bernoulli polynomials, ln sin (\pi q), ln Gamma(q) and the polygamma
functions. Many of the results are most conveniently formulated in terms of a
family of functions A_k(q):=k zeta'(1-k,q), where k is a natural number, and a
family of polygamma functions of negative order, whose properties we study in
some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123583 </DOCNO>
Morphological fluctuations of large-scale structure: the PSCz survey


  In a follow-up study to a previous analysis of the IRAS 1.2Jy catalogue, we
quantify the morphological fluctuations in the PSCz survey. We use a variety of
measures, among them the family of scalar Minkowski functionals. We confirm the
existence of significant fluctuations that are discernible in volume-limited
samples out to 200Mpc/h. In contrast to earlier findings, comparisons with
cosmological N-body simulations reveal that the observed fluctuations roughly
agree with the cosmic variance found in corresponding mock samples. While
two-point measures, e.g. the variance of count-in-cells, fluctuate only mildly,
the fluctuations in the morphology on large scales indicate the presence of
coherent structures that are at least as large as the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95431 </DOCNO>
Minimal entropy rigidity for lattices in products of rank one symmetric


  We prove minimal entropy rigidity for complete, finite volume manifolds
locally isometric to a product of rank one symmetric spaces of dimension at
least 3: the locally symmetric metric uniquely minimizes (normalized) entropy
among all Riemannian metrics. The corresponding theorem is true for maps into
these spaces as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114414 </DOCNO>
Metastability in simple climate models: Pathwise analysis of slowly


  We consider simple stochastic climate models, described by slowly
time-dependent Langevin equations. We show that when the noise intensity is not
too large, these systems can spend substantial amounts of time in metastable
equilibrium, instead of adiabatically following the stationary distribution of
the frozen system. This behaviour can be characterized by describing the
location of typical paths, and bounding the probability of atypical paths. We
illustrate this approach by giving a quantitative description of phenomena
associated with bistability, for three famous examples of simple climate
models: Stochastic resonance in an energy balance model describing Ice Ages;
hysteresis in a box model for the Atlantic thermohaline circulation; and
bifurcation delay in the case of the Lorenz model for Rayleigh-B'enard
convection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96720 </DOCNO>
Applications of Group Cohomology to the Classification of Crystals and


  In 1962, Bienenstock and Ewald described the classification of crystalline
space groups algebraically in the dual, or Fourier, space. Recently, the method
has been applied to quasicrystals and modulated crystals. We interpret this
method in terms of group cohomology. A certain cohomology group classifies the
space groups, and the dual homology group gives all gauge invariants. We
exploit this duality to prove several results that were previously known only
in special cases, including the classification of space groups for arbitrary
lattices in two dimensions. We also discuss extinctions in X-ray diffraction
patterns and degeneracy of electronic levels as physical manifestations of
non-zero homology classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75028 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the Higgs Boson Mass Using the Complementarity Principle


  We compute the Higgs mass in a model for the electroweak interactions based
on a confining theory. This model is related to the standard model by the
complementarity principle. A dynamical effect due to the large typical scale of
the Higgs boson shifts its mass above that of the W-bosons. We obtain m_H=129.6
GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125274 </DOCNO>
A New Measurement of the Primordial Abundance of Deuterium: Toward


  From the analysis of the near-UV spectrum of the QSO 2206-199, obtained with
a long series of exposures with STIS on the HST, we deduce a value (D/H) =
(1.65 +/- 0.35) x 10(-5) (1 sigma error) for the abundance of deuterium in the
z(abs) = 2.0762 damped Lyman alpha system (DLA) along this sight-line. The
velocity structure of this absorber is very simple and its neutral hydrogen
column density, N(H I), is accurately known; the error in D/H is mostly due to
the limited signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum. Since this is also one of
the most metal-poor DLAs, with metal abundances of about 1/200 of solar, the
correction due to astration of D is expected to be insignificant and the value
we deduce should be essentially the primordial abundance of deuterium. When all
(six) available measurements of D/H in high redshift QSO absorbers are
considered, we find that the three DLAs---where N(H I) is measured most
reliably---give consistently lower values than the three Lyman limit systems.
We point out that the weighted mean of the DLA measurements, D/H = (2.2 +/-
0.2) x 10(-5), yields a baryon density Omega_B h^2 = 0.025 +/- 0.001 which is
within 1 sigma of the value deduced from the analysis of the CMB angular power
spectrum, and is still consistent with the present-day D/H and models of
Galactic chemical evolution. Future observations of D I absorption in other
DLAs are needed to establish whether our finding reflects a real advantage of
DLAs over other classes of QSO absorbers for the measurement of D, or is just a
statistical fluctuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123989 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of "The Antennae" Galaxies (NGC 4038/39)


  We report the results of a deep Chandra ACIS pointing at the merging system
NGC 4038/39. We detect an extraordinarily luminous population of X-ray sources,
with luminosity well above that of XRBs in M31 and the Milky Way. If these
sources are unbeamed XRBs, our observations may point to them being 10-100Mo
black hole counterparts. We detect an X-ray bright hot ISM, with features
including bright superbubbles associated with the actively star-forming knots,
regions where hot and warm (H$\alpha$) ISM intermingle, and a large-scale
outflow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75069 </DOCNO>
Current Bounds on Technicolor with Scalars


  Technicolor with scalars is the simplest dynamical symmetry breaking model
and one in which the predicted values of many observables may be readily
calculated. This letter applies current LEP, Tevatron, CESR, and SLAC data from
searches for neutral and charged scalars and from studies of b-quark physics to
obtain bounds on technicolor with scalars. Expectations for how upcoming
measurements will further probe the theory's parameter space are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75157 </DOCNO>
Proton polarizability contribution to the hyperfine splitting in muonic


  The contribution of the proton polarizability to the ground state hyperfine
splitting in muonic hydrogen is evaluated on the basis of modern experimental
and theoretical results on the proton polarized structure functions. The value
of this correction is equal to 4.6(8)\cdot 10^{-4} times the Fermi splitting
E_F.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98744 </DOCNO>
The dynamical zeta function and transfer operators for the Kac-Baker


  The Kac-Baker model describes a 1-dim. classical lattice spin system with
exponentially fast decaying two body interaction. The model was introduced by
M. Kac and G. Baker to investigate the phenomenon of phase transition in
systems with weak long-range interactions like van der Waals gas. Ruelle's
dynamical zeta function for this model can be expressed in terms of Fredholm
determinants of two transfer operators and hence is a meromorphic function. One
of the two operators, found by M. Kac, is an integral operator with symmetric
kernel acting in the Hilbert space of square integrable functions on the line.
The other one is Ruelle's transfer operator acting in some Banach space of
holomorphic observables of the system. In this paper we show how the Kac
operator can be explicitly related basically through the Segal-Bargmann
transform to the Ruelle operator restricted to a certain Segal-Bargmann space
of entire functions in the complex plane. This allows us to show that Ruelle's
zeta function for the Kac-Baker model has infinitely many "non-trivial" zeros
on the real axis. In a special case we can show the existence of also
infinitely many "trivial" zeros on the line Re s = ln 2 in the complex s-plane.
Hence some kind of Riemann hypothesis seems to hold for this dynamical zeta
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83933 </DOCNO>
Structuring Business Metadata in Data Warehouse Systems for Effective


  Large organizations today are being served by different types of data
processing and informations systems, ranging from the operational (OLTP)
systems, data warehouse systems, to data mining and business intelligence
applications. It is important to create an integrated repository of what these
systems contain and do in order to use them collectively and effectively. The
repository contains metadata of source systems, data warehouse, and also the
business metadata. Decision support and business analysis require extensive and
in-depth understanding of business entities, tasks, rules and the environment.
The purpose of business metadata is to provide this understanding. Realizing
the importance of metadata, many standardization efforts has been initiated to
define metadata models. In trying to define an integrated metadata and
information systems for a banking application, we discover some important
limitations or inadequacies of the business metadata proposals. They relate to
providing an integrated and flexible inter-operability and navigation between
metadata and data, and to the important issue of systematically handling
temporal characteristics and evolution of the metadata itself.
  In this paper, we study the issue of structuring business metadata so that it
can provide a context for business management and decision support when
integrated with data warehousing. We define temporal object-oriented business
metadata model, and relate it both to the technical metadata and the data
warehouse. We also define ways of accessing and navigating metadata in
conjunction with data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97341 </DOCNO>
q-Supernomial coefficients: From riggings to ribbons


  q-Supernomial coefficients are generalizations of the q-binomial
coefficients. They can be defined as the coefficients of the Hall-Littlewood
symmetric function in a product of the complete symmetric functions or the
elementary symmetric functions. Hatayama et al. give explicit expressions for
these q-supernomial coefficients. A combinatorial expression as the generating
function of ribbon tableaux with (co)spin statistic follows from the work of
Lascoux, Leclerc and Thibon. In this paper we interpret the formulas by
Hatayama et al. in terms of rigged configurations and provide an explicit
statistic preserving bijection between rigged configurations and ribbon
tableaux thereby establishing a new direct link between these combinatorial
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174791 </DOCNO>
Quartet S-wave p-d scattering in EFT


  We present a power counting to include Coulomb effects in the three-nucleon
system in a low-energy pionless effective field theory (EFT). With this power
counting, the quartet S-wave proton-deuteron elastic scattering amplitude is
calculated. The calculation includes next-to-leading order (NLO) Coulomb
effects and next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) strong interaction effects,
with an estimated theoretical error of about 7 %. The EFT results agree with
potential model calculations and phase shift analysis of experimental data
within the estimated errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169371 </DOCNO>
Effects of noisy entangled state transmission on quantum teleportation


  Quantum teleportation requires the transmission of entangled pairs to Alice
and Bob. Transmission errors modify the entangled state before the
teleportation can be performed. We determine the changes in the output state
caused by such transmission errors. It is shown that the errors caused by
entanglement transmission are equivalent to the errors caused in a direct
transmission of a quantum state from Alice to Bob.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124102 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Microwave Background polarization and the ionization history of


  We point out that polarization measurements as planned for the upcoming
PLANCK mission can significantly enhance the accuracy of cosmic parameter
estimation compared to the temperature anisotropy spectrum alone. In order to
illustrate this, we consider a standard cosmological model and several
modifications that adjust one parameter each to fit the recently published
Maxima-1 data. While all models produce acceptable fits as far as the power
spectrum is concerned, their corresponding polarization spectra differ widely.
The strongest differences are expected for a model with delayed recombination,
reflecting the fact that polarization measurements are most sensitive to the
processes governing the epoch of recombination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148807 </DOCNO>
Principal chiral model scattering and the alternating quantum spin chain


  We consider the critical alternating quantum spin chain with ${q_{+}\over
2}$, ${q_{-} \over2}$ spins. Using the Bethe ansatz technique we find explicit
expressions for the $S$-matrix of the model. We show that in the limit that
$q_{\pm} \rightarrow \infty$ our results coincide with the ones obtained for
the principal chiral model level one, for the LL (RR) LR scattering. We also
study the scattering of the bound states of the model and we recover the
results of the XXZ (sine -Gordon) model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3263 </DOCNO>
Physical Origin of the Boson Peak Deduced from a Two-Order-Parameter


  We propose that the boson peak originates from the (quasi-) localized
vibrational modes associated with long-lived locally favored structures, which
are intrinsic to a liquid state and are randomly distributed in a sea of
normal-liquid structures. This tells us that the number density of locally
favored structures is an important physical factor determining the intensity of
the boson peak. In our two-order-parameter model of the liquid-glass
transition, the locally favored structures act as impurities disturbing
crystallization and thus lead to vitrification. This naturally explains the
dependence of the intensity of the boson peak on temperature, pressure, and
fragility, and also the close correlation between the boson peak and the first
sharp diffraction peak (or prepeak).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124261 </DOCNO>
Morphology and Galactic Distribution of PNs: a New Scenario


  We review recent studies on the morphology and distribution with respect to
the galactic plane of planetary nebulae (PNs), as well as recent advances in
MHD modeling of PNs. We discuss a tentative explanation for the connection
between morphological classes and their galactic distribution

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99113 </DOCNO>
Permutation group algebras


  We consider the permutation group algebra defined by Cameron and show that if
the permutation group has no finite orbits, then no homogeneous element of
degree one is a zero-divisor of the algebra. We proceed to make a conjecture
which would show that the algebra is an integral domain if, in addition, the
group is oligomorphic. We go on to show that this conjecture is true in certain
special cases, including those of the form H Wr S and H Wr A, and show that in
the oligormorphic case, the algebras corresponding to these special groups are
polynomial algebras. In the H Wr A case, the algebra is related to the shuffle
algebra of free Lie algebra theory. We finish by considering some integer
sequences which arise from certain of these groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7088 </DOCNO>
A cluster partitioning method: determination of density matrices of


  In this paper we show that 1-electron properties such as Compton profiles and
structure factors of crystals can be asymptotically retrieved through
cluster-based calculations, followed by an appropriate partition of the
1-electron reduced density matrix (1RDM). This approach, conceptually simple,
is checked with respects to both position and momentum spaces simultaneously
for insulators and a covalent crystal. Restricting the calculations to small
clusters further enables a fair description of local correlation effects in
ionic compounds, which improves both Compton profiles and structure factors vs.
their experimentally determined counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95600 </DOCNO>
Refined Brill-Noether Locus and Non-Abelian Zeta Functions for Elliptic


  New local and global non-abelian zeta functions for elliptic curves are
studied using certain refined Brill-Noether loci in moduli spaces of
semi-stable bundles. Examples of these zeta functions and a justification of
using only semi-stable bundles are given too. We end this paper with an
appendix on the so-called Weierstrass Groups for general curves, which is
motivated by a construction of Euler systems from torsion points (of elliptic
curves).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73195 </DOCNO>
Direct Signals for Large Extra Dimensions in the Production of Fermion


  We analyze the potentiality of the new generation of $e^+e^-$ linear
colliders to search for large extra dimensions via the production of fermion
pairs in association with Kaluza-Klein gravitons (G), i.e. $e^+e^- \leftarrow
f\bar{f}G$. This process leads to a final state exhibiting a significant amount
of missing energy in addition to acoplanar lepton or jet pairs. We study in
detail this reaction using full tree level contibutions due to the graviton
emission and the standard model backgrounds. After choosing the cuts to enhance
the signal, we show that a linear collider with a center-of-mass energy of 500
GeV will be able to probe quantum gravity scales from 0.96(0.86) up to 4.1(3.3)
TeV at 2(5)$\sigma$ level, depending on the number of extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168259 </DOCNO>
Functional approach to quantum decoherence and the classical final limit


  A quantum system with discrete and continuos evolution spectrum is studied. A
final pointer basis is found, that can be defined in a presised mathematical
way. This result is use to explain the quantum measurement in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179251 </DOCNO>
Coulomb displacement energies, energy differenced and neutron skins


  A Fock space representation of the monopole part of the Coulomb potential is
presented. Quantum effects show through a small orbital term in $l(l+1)$. Once
it is averaged out, the classical electrostatic energy emerges as an
essentially exact expression, which makes it possible to eliminate the
Nolen-Schiffer anomaly, and to estimate neutron skins and the evolution of
radii along yrast states of mirror nuclei. The energy differences of the latter
are quantitatively reproduced by the monopole term and a schematic multipole
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5007 </DOCNO>
From classical to quantum Kagome antiferromagnet in a magnetic field


  We study the magnetic properties of the Kagome antiferromagnet going from the
classical limit to the deep quantum regime of spin 1/2 systems. In all the
cases there are special values for the magnetization, 1/3 in particular, in
which a singular behavior is observed to occur in both the classical and
quantum cases. We show clear evidence for a magnetization plateau for the spin
1/2 case in a wide range of XXZ anisotropies and for the occurrence of quantum
order by disorder effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74531 </DOCNO>
Lepton-Flavor Violating Processes $l_{i}\to l_{j}\gamma$ in Topcolor


  We consider the lepton-flavor violating(LFV) processes $l_{i}\to l_{j}\gamma$
in the framework of topcolor assisted technicolor(TC2) models. We find that the
new gauge boson $Z^{\prime}$ predicted by TC2 models can give significantly
contributions to these processes via the flavor changing couplings. The present
experimental bound on the LFV process $\mu \to e\gamma$ gives severe
constraints on the TC2 models. In the case that the $Z^{\prime}$ mass $M_{Z}$
is consistent with other experimental constraints, we obtain constraints on the
lepton mixing factors $K_{\tau\mu}$ and $K_{\tau e}$. The future LFV
experiments will be probe of the TC2 models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124851 </DOCNO>
n-Dimensional Gravity: Little Black Holes, Dark Matter, and Ball


  The gravitational field, and radiation from quantized gravitational atoms and
little black holes (LBH) are analyzed in n-space, i.e. in all dimensions from 0
to o to develop insights into possible additional compacted dimensions as
predicted by hierarchy and string theory. It is shown that the entropy of LBH
is significantly greater in higher dimensional space with potential
implications to the initial entropy of the universe. A case is made that LBH
are the dark matter of the universe, and can manifest themselves as the core
energy source of ball lightning (BL). The LBH incidence rate on earth is
related to BL occurrence and has the potential of aiding in the determination
of the distribution of LBH and hence dark matter in the universe. Examination
of LBH interactions with the atmosphere are found to be in accord with
observations of BL. Possibilities are explored as to why Hawking radiation has
been undetected in over 25 years. An alternate LBH tunneling radiation model is
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149222 </DOCNO>
Realizing the Quantum Hall System in String Theory


  In a recent paper Bernevig, Brodie, Susskind and Toumbas constructed a brane
realization of the Quantum Hall fluid. Since then it has been realized that the
Quantum Hall system is very closely related to non--commutative Chern Simons
theory and this suggests alternative brane constructions which we believe are
more reliable and clear. In this paper a brane construction is given for the
non--commutative Chern Simons Matrix formulation of the Quantum Hall system as
described by in recent papers by Susskind, Polychronakos and by Hellerman and
Van Raamsdonk. The system is a generalized version of Berkooz's ``Rigid Light
Cone Membrane which occurs as an excition of the DLCQ description of the
M5--brane in a background 3--form field. The original construction of Berkooz
corresponds to the fully filled $\nu =1$ state of the QH system. To change the
filling fraction to $\nu = 1/(k+1)$ a system of $k$ background D8-branes is
required. Quasi--hole excitations can be generated by passing a D6-brane though
the Rigid Membrane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124364 </DOCNO>
Relativistic corrections to astrometric shifts due to gravitational


  Gravitational microlensing has proved to be a versatile astrophysical tool.
Recently, the question of whether higher order relativistic corrections can
influence the observable properties of microlensing has been addressed. This
letter extends earlier studies, investigating higher order relativistic terms
in astrometric shifts during microlensing events, revealing that they produce
no effects. The magnitude of the relativistic corrections is examined in an
astrophysical context and is found to be negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2193 </DOCNO>
Growing length scales in a supercooled liquid close to an interface


  We present the results of molecular dynamics computer simulations of a simple
glass former close to an interface between the liquid and the frozen amorphous
phase of the same material. By investigating F_s(q,z,t), the incoherent
intermediate scattering function for particles that have a distance z from the
wall, we show that the relaxation dynamics of the particles close to the wall
is much slower than the one for particles far away from the wall. For small z
the typical relaxation time for F_s(q,z,t) increases like exp(Delta/(z-z_p)),
where Delta and z_p are constants. We use the location of the crossover from
this law to the bulk behavior to define a first length scale tilde{z}. A
different length scale is defined by considering the Ansatz F_s(q,z,t) =
F_s^{bulk}(q,t) +a(t) exp[-(z/xi(t))^{beta(t)}], where a(t), xi(t), and beta(t)
are fit parameters. We show that this Ansatz gives a very good description of
the data for all times and all values of z. The length xi(t) increases for
short and intermediate times and decreases again on the time scale of the
alpha-relaxation of the system. The maximum value of xi(t) can thus be defined
as a new length scale xi_max. We find that tilde{z} as well as xi_max increase
with decreasing temperature. The temperature dependence of this increase is
compatible with a divergence of the length scale at the Kauzmann temperature of
the bulk system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174634 </DOCNO>
The comparative analysis of channels of three \alpha-particles and ^12C


  New experimental data of the comparative analysis of channels of the
production of three \alpha-particles and ^12C nuclei in ^16Op-collisions at
3.25 A GeV/c are submitted. It is shown, that the channel with the three
\alpha-particles production is realised in a half part of events as a result of
decay of an excited ^12C^* nucleus, and the rest part of the channel - by the
knocking-out of one \alpha-cluster from the weakly bound residual nucleus,
containing three \alpha-clusters. The modelling of the decay of an excited
system on the model of isotropic phase space is justified at small values of
excitation energy and, nevertheless, it allows to take the valuable additional
information about the dynamics of investigated process from experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96067 </DOCNO>
Metastability in the BCS model


  We discuss metastable states in the mean-field version of the strong coupling
BCS-model and study the evolution of a superconducting equilibrium state
subjected to a dynamical semi-group with Lindblad generator in detailed balance
w.r.t. another equilibrium state. The intermediate states are explicitly
constructed and their stability properties are derived. The notion of
metastability in this genuine quantum system, is expressed by means of
energy-entropy balance inequalities and canonical coordinates of observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179417 </DOCNO>
Extracting forward strong amplitudes from elastic differential cross


  The feasibility of a model-independent extraction of the forward strong
amplitude from elastic nuclear cross section data in the Coulomb-nuclear
interference region is assessed for $\pi$ and $K^+$ scattering at intermediate
energies. Theoretically-generated "data" are analyzed to provide criteria for
optimally designing experiments to measure these amplitudes, whose energy
dependence (particularly that of the real parts) is needed for disentangling
various sources of medium modifications of the projectile-nucleon interaction.
The issues considered include determining the angular region over which to make
the measurements, the role of the most forward angles measured, and the effects
of statistical and systematic errors. We find that there is a region near the
forward direction where Coulomb-nuclear interference allows reliable extraction
of the strong forward amplitude for both pions and the $K^+$ from .3 to 1
GeV/c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86928 </DOCNO>
Partial observables


  We discuss the distinction between the notion of partial observable and the
notion of complete observable. Mixing up the two is frequently a source of
confusion. The distinction bears on several issues related to observability,
such as (i) whether time is an observable in quantum mechanics, (ii) what are
the observables in general relativity, (iii) whether physical observables
should or should not commute with the Wheeler-DeWitt operator in quantum
gravity. We argue that the extended configuration space has a direct physical
interpretation, as the space of the partial observables. This space plays a
central role in the structure of classical and quantum mechanics and the
clarification of its physical meaning sheds light on this structure,
particularly in context of general covariant physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4136 </DOCNO>
Scale-free Network in Financial Correlations


  We study the cross-correlations in stock price changes between the S&P 500
companies by introducing a weighted random graph, where all vertices
(companies) are fully connected, and each edge is weighted. The weight assigned
to each edge is given by the normalized covariance of the two modified returns
connected, so that it is ranged from -1 to 1. Here the modified return means
the deviation of a return from its average over all companies. We define
influence-strength at each vertex as the sum of the weights on the edges
incident upon that vertex. Then we found that the influence-strength
distribution in its absolute magnitude $|s|$ follows a power-law, $P(|s|)\sim
|s|^{-\delta}$, with exponent $\delta \approx 1.8(1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1559 </DOCNO>
Strong ferromangnetism and weak antiferroamgnetism in double


  Double perovskites Sr$_2$FeMO$_6$ (M=Mo and Re) exhibit significant colossal
magnetoresistance even at room temperature due to the high Curie Temperature
(419K and 401K). However, such a high Curie Temperature is puzzling, given the
large separation between magnetic elements (Fe). Moreover, with M=W, the
electronic and magnetic properties suddenly change to insulating and
antiferromagnetic with the N{\'e}el temperature of only 16$\sim$37 K. Based on
detailed electronic structure calculations, a new mechanism is proposed which
stabilizes the strong ferromagnetic state for M=Mo and Re and is passivated for
M=W.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148722 </DOCNO>
Covariant $\kappa-$Symmetry Gauge Fixing and the Classical Relation


  The main goal of this paper is the manifestly covariant derivation of the
classical relation between the gauge-fixed Grassmann variables of the NSR
string and the Type II GS superstring. To this end we analyze the
superembedding equation for the Type II superstring to derive the relation
between the original variables of the NSR string and the Type II GS superstring
and, further, by means of Lorentz harmonic variables we fix $\kappa-$symmetry
of the GS superstring in the manifestly Lorentz covariant way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123360 </DOCNO>
Tau Air-Showers Signature of Ultra High Energy Neutrinos


  The discover of Ultra High Energy Neutrino of astrophysical nature may be
already reached. Indeed upward and horizontal tau Air-showers emerging from the
Earth crust or mountain chains offer the best and most powerful signal of Ultra
High Energy UHE neutrinos nu_tau}, bar\nu_tau and bar{\nu}_e at PeV and higher
energy. The multiplicity in tau Air-showers secondary particles,N_{opt}
=10^{12}, (E_tau}/ PeV, N_{\gamma}= 10^8 E_tau/ PeV, N_{e^- e^+}= 2 10^7
E_tau/PeV, N_mu =3 10^5 (E_tau/PeV)^{0.85}, make easy its over-amplified
discover. Indeed UHE nu_tau, following Super Kamiokande evidence of neutrino
flavour mixing, should be as abundant as nu_mu. Also anti-neutrino electrons,
bar{\nu}_e, near the Glashow W resonance peak, E_{\bar{\nu_e}} = M^2_W / 2m_e,
may generate tau Air-showers. Such horizontal tau air-showers by nu_{\tau}-N
and UHE bar\nu_{e}-e at PeVs emerging from mountain high chain is one of the
most power-full UHE neutrino imprint. Upward UHE nu_{\tau}- N interaction on
Earth crust at horizontal edge and from below, their consequent UHE tau
air-showers beaming toward high mountains should flash gamma,mu,X and Cherenkov
lights toward detectors located on the top of the mountains or on balloons.
Such upward tau air-shower may hit also nearby satellite flashing them by
short, hard, diluted gamma-burst at the edge of most sensitive Gamma Ray
Observatory BATSE threshold. We identify already these rarest gamma events with
recent (1994) discovered upward Terrestrial Gamma Flashes (TGF); we show their
very probable UHE tau-UHE \nu_\tau origin. Partial TGF Galactic signature and
known galactic and extra-galactic source location are discovered within known
47 TGF events at low, 2 10^{-3}, probability threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128168 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Beat Cepheid and RR Lyrae Models


  The numerical hydrodynamic modelling of beat Cepheid behavior has been a long
standing quest in which purely radiative models had failed consistently. We
find that beat pulsations occur naturally when {\it turbulent convection} is
accounted for in our hydrodynamics code. The development of a relaxation code
and of a Floquet stability analysis greatly facilitates the search for and the
analysis of beat Cepheid models. The conditions for the occurrence of beat
behavior can be understood easily and at a fundamental level with the help of
amplitude equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96596 </DOCNO>
Auslander-regular and Cohen-Macaulay Quantum Groups


  In this paper we use refiltering methods to prove that certain types of
multi-filtered algebras are Auslander-regular and Cohen-Macaulay. This is
applied to obtain that the quantized enveloping algebra associated to a Cartan
matrix is Auslander-regular and Cohen-Macaulay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129113 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of blue supergiants in NGC 300


  We have obtained VLT low-resolution (~5 A) multi-object spectroscopy in the
4,000-5,000 A spectral range of about 70 blue supergiant candidates in the
Sculptor Group spiral galaxy NGC 300. We present a detailed spectral catalog
containing identification, magnitudes, colors and spectral types. We employ
synthetic spectra to determine metal abundances for two A0 supergiants of the
sample. In agreement with the expectations, the star closer to the galactic
center is found to be more metal rich than the object at a larger
galactocentric distance. Using the Balmer Hbeta line profile we have estimated
the mass-loss rate for one of the brightest A2 supergiants in the sample. We
determined the wind momentum of the star and compared it to the value expected
from the empirical wind momentum-luminosity relationship (WLR) for A-type
supergiants of Kudritzki et al. (1999). Good agreement is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97243 </DOCNO>
Twisted K-theory and K-theory of bundle gerbes


  In this note we introduce the notion of bundle gerbe K-theory and investigate
the relation to twisted K-theory. We provide some examples. Possible
applications of bundle gerbe K-theory to the classification of D-brane charges
in non-trivial backgrounds are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126318 </DOCNO>
Far-infrared dust opacity and visible extinction in the Polaris Flare


  We present an extinction map of the Polaris molecular cirrus cloud derived
from star counts and compare it with the Schlegel et al. (1998) extinction map
derived from the far--infrared dust opacity. We find that, within the Polaris
cloud, the Schlegel et al. Av values are a factor 2 to 3 higher than the star
count values. We propose that this discrepancy results from a difference in
$\tau_{FIR}/ A_V$ between the diffuse atomic medium and the Polaris cloud. We
use the difference in spectral energy distribution, warm for the diffuse atomic
medium, cold for the Polaris cloud, to separate their respective contribution
to the line of sight integrated infrared emission and find that the
$\tau_{FIR}/ A_V$ of cold dust in Polaris is on average 4 times higher than the
Schlegel et al. value for dust in atomic cirrus. This change in dust property
could be interpreted by a growth of fluffy particles within low opacity
molecular cirrus clouds such as Polaris. Our work suggests that variations in
dust emissivity must be taken into account to estimate Av from dust emission
wherever cold infrared emission is present (i.e. molecular clouds).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 443 </DOCNO>
Biological Evolution and Statistical Physics


  This review is an introduction to theoretical models and mathematical
calculations for biological evolution, aimed at physicists. The methods in the
field are naturally very similar to those used in statistical physics, although
the majority of publications appeared in biology journals. The review has three
parts, which can be read independently. The first part deals with evolution in
fitness landscapes and includes Fisher's theorem, adaptive walks, quasispecies
models, effects of finite population sizes, and neutral evolution. The second
part studies models of coevolution, including evolutionary game theory, kin
selection, group selection, sexual selection, speciation, and coevolution of
hosts and parasites. The third part discusses models for networks of
interacting species and their extinction avalanches. Throughout the review,
attention is paid to giving the necessary biological information, and to
pointing out the assumptions underlying the models, and their limits of
validity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123461 </DOCNO>
Optical studies of the X-ray transient XTE J2123-058 - II.


  We present time-resolved spectroscopy of the soft X-ray transient XTE
J2123-058 in outburst. A useful spectral coverage of 3700-6700A was achieved
spanning two orbits of the binary, with single epoch coverage extending to
\~9000A. The optical spectrum approximates a steep blue power-law, consistent
with emission on the Rayleigh-Jeans tail of a hot black body spectrum. The
strongest spectral lines are HeII 4686A and CIII/NIII 4640A (Bowen blend) in
emission. Their relative strengths suggest that XTE J2123-058 was formed in the
Galactic plane, not in the halo. Other weak emission lines of HeII and CIV are
present and Balmer lines show a complex structure, blended with HeII. HeII
4686A profiles show a complex multiple S-wave structure with the strongest
component appearing at low velocities in the lower-left quadrant of a Doppler
tomogram. H alpha shows transient absorption between phases 0.35-0.55. Both of
these effects appear to be analogous to similar behaviour in SW Sex type
cataclysmic variables. We therefore consider whether the spectral line
behaviour of XTE J2123-058 can be explained by the same models invoked for
those systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2251 </DOCNO>
What was the temperature of the Bagsik financial oscillator?


  We argue that the recently published by Przystawa and Wolf model of the
Bagsik financial oscillator is oversimplified and unrealistic. We propose and
analyze a refined explanation of this rare financial phenomenon. We have found
an example that results in profitability about 45 000 times bigger than that of
the Przystawa and Wolf model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97826 </DOCNO>
Hook Interpolations


  The hook components of $V^{\otimes n}$ interpolate between the symmetric
power $\sym^n(V)$ and the exterior power $\wedge^n(V)$. When $V$ is the algebra
of $k\times m$ matrices over $\bbc$, we decompose the hook components into
irreducible $GL_k(\bbc)\times GL_m(\bbc)$-modules. In particular, classical
theorems are proved as boundary cases. For the algebra of square matrices over
$\bbc$, a bivariate interpolation is presented and studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113426 </DOCNO>
Alternative Fourier Expansions for Inverse Square Law Forces


  Few-body problems involving Coulomb or gravitational interactions between
pairs of particles, whether in classical or quantum physics, are generally
handled through a standard multipole expansion of the two-body potentials. We
discuss an alternative based on a compact, cylindrical Green's function
expansion that should have wide applicability throughout physics. Two-electron
"direct" and "exchange" integrals in many-electron quantum systems are
evaluated to illustrate the procedure which is more compact than the standard
one using Wigner coefficients and Slater integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41166 </DOCNO>
Calculations of neutrino spectra with a program based on the GEANT


  The methods of neutrino spectra calculations with GEANT library and the
peculiarities of such calculations for different neutrino beams are summarized.
The formula expressing $K^0$ yields from a neutrino target through the $K^+$
and $K^-$ yields from the same target is proposed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168596 </DOCNO>
A cesium gas strongly confined in one dimension : sideband cooling and


  We study one-dimensional sideband cooling of Cesium atoms strongly confined
in a far-detuned optical lattice. The Lamb-Dicke regime is achieved in the
lattice direction whereas the transverse confinement is much weaker. The
employed sideband cooling method, first studied by Vuletic et al.\cite{Vule98},
uses Raman transitions between Zeeman levels and produces a spin-polarized
sample. We present a detailed study of this cooling method and investigate the
role of elastic collisions in the system. We accumulate $83(5)%$ of the atoms
in the vibrational ground state of the strongly confined motion, and elastic
collisions cool the transverse motion to a temperature of $2.8 \mu $K=$0.7
\hbar\omega_{\rm osc}/k_{\rm B}$, where $\omega_{\rm osc}$ is the oscillation
frequency in the strongly confined direction. The sample then approaches the
regime of a quasi-2D cold gas. We analyze the limits of this cooling method and
propose a dynamical change of the trapping potential as a mean of cooling the
atomic sample to still lower temperatures. Measurements of the rate of
thermalization between the weakly and strongly confined degrees of freedom are
compatible with the zero energy scattering resonance observed previously in
weak 3D traps. For the explored temperature range the measurements agree with
recent calculations of quasi-2D collisions\cite{Petr01}. Transparent analytical
models reproduce the expected behavior for $k_{\rm B}T \gg \hbar \omega_{\rm
osc}$ and also for $k_{\rm B}T \ll \hbar \omega_{\rm osc}$ where the 2D
features are prominent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129105 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Relativity: Determining the Universe by the Cosmological


  Using cosmological relativity theory, we derive the formula for the
cosmological redshift written explicitly in terms of 1 - "Omega", where "Omega"
= "rho"/"rho"_c is the ratio of the average mass density to the critical
"closure" density. Based on the present-day data of observed redshifts, we
conclude that "Omega" is less than one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74607 </DOCNO>
Baryon Form Factors in QCD


  This is a summary of perturbative QCD calculations of baryon form factors.
For e^+ e^- going to baryon-antibaryon pairs, normalized calculations are
available and reported for the entire ground state octet and decuplet,
including off-diagonal form factors, and for the S_{11}(1535)-antiS_{11}. (The
latter results are new for this report.) We also include some explanation of
how the results come to be.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150276 </DOCNO>
The Seiberg-Witten prepotential and the Euler class of the reduced


  The n-instanton contribution to the Seiberg-Witten prepotential of N=2
supersymmetric d=4 Yang Mills theory is represented as the integral of the
exponential of an equivariantly exact form. Integrating out an overall scale
and a U(1) angle the integral is rewritten as (4n-3) fold product of a closed
two form. This two form is, formally, a representative of the Euler class of
the Instanton moduli space viewed as a principal U(1) bundle, because its
pullback under bundel projection is the exterior derivative of an angular
one-form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98769 </DOCNO>
An isomorphism between polynomial eigenfunctions of the transfer


  For the group PSL(2,Z) it is known that there is an isomorphism between
polynomial eigenfunctions of the transfer operator for the geodesic flow and
the Eichler cohomology in the theory of modular forms. In a recent paper by
Chang and Mayer it is indicated that such an isomorphism exists as well for
certain subgroups of PSL(2,Z). We prove this and provide some evidence by
computer aided algebraic calculations that such an isomorphism exists for all
principal congruence subgroups and all congruence subgroups of Hecke type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3108 </DOCNO>
Different Gd3+ sites in CaB6: an ESR study


  The local environment of Gd3+ (4f7 S=7/2) ions in single crystals of
Ca1-xGdxB6 (0.0001 < x < 0.01) is studied by means of Electron Spin Resonance
(ESR). The spectra for low concentration samples (x < 0.001) show a split
spectrum due to cubic crystal field effects(CFE). The lineshape of each fine
structure line is lorentzian, indicating an insulating environment for the Gd3+
ions. For higher concentrations (0.003 < x < 0.01), the spectra show a single
resonance (g=1.992(4), DH1/2 ~ 30-60 Oe) with no CFE and dysonian lineshape
indicating metallic environment for the Gd3+ ions. For intermediate
concentrations, a coexistence of spectra corresponding to insulating and
metallic regions is observed. Most of the measured samples show the weak
ferromagnetism (WF) as reported for Ca1-xLaxB6 (x ~ 0.005), but, surprisingly,
this WF has no effect in our ESR spectra either for metallic or insulating
environments. This result suggests that the ferromagnetism in these systems
might be isolated in clusters (defect-rich regions) and its relationship with
metallicity is nontrivial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97724 </DOCNO>
Uniform Exponential Growth for Linear Groups


  We announce the folowing result: Any finitely generated non virtually
solvable linear group over a field of characteristic zero has uniform
exponential growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5874 </DOCNO>
A strong operator topology adiabatic theorem


  We prove an adiabatic theorem for the evolution of spectral data under a weak
additive perturbation in the context of a system without an intrinsic time
scale. For continuous functions of the unperturbed Hamiltonian the convergence
is in norm while for a larger class functions, including the spectral
projections associated to embedded eigenvalues, the convergence is in the
strong operator topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86081 </DOCNO>
Universe Generation from Black Hole Interiors


  We point out that scenarios in which the universe is born from the interior
of a black hole may not posses many of the problems of the Standard Big-Bang
(SBB) model. In particular we demonstrate that the horizon problem, flatness,
and the structure formation problem might be solved naturally, not necessarily
requiring a long period of cosmological inflation. The black hole information
loss problem is also discussed. Our conclusions are completely independent of
the details of general models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72493 </DOCNO>
'Steckbrief' Lambda


  The phenomenology of the FLRW models with non-vanishing cosmological constant
(CC) is briefly surveyed in the light of the recent astrophysical and
cosmological observations. A subset of these models, which probably includes
the world where we live, is singled out by the combined data from high redshift
Type Ia supernovae, CMBR and the cosmic inventory of matter in our universe.
The kinematical success of a non-vanishing CC, however, leaves open many
dynamical questions in quantum field theory. A semiclassical renormalization
group approach to the CC might perhaps shed some light on them. In this
context, the CC is naturally non-zero simply because it is a running parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149062 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian Sp(3) BRST symmetry for Yang-Mills theory


  The Sp(3) BRST symmetry for Yang-Mills theory is derived in the framework of
the antibracket-antifield formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41443 </DOCNO>
Subjet Multiplicity of Gluon and Quark Jets Reconstructed with the


  The D0 Collaboration has studied for the first time the properties of
hadron-collider jets reconstructed with a successive-combination algorithm
based on relative transverse momenta ($k_{\perp}$) of energy clusters. Using
the standard value D = 1.0 of the jet-separation parameter in the $k_{\perp}$
algorithm, we find that the $p_T$ of such jets is higher than the $E_T$ of
matched jets reconstructed with cones of radius R = 0.7, by about 5 (8) GeV at
$p_T \approx 90$ (240) GeV. To examine internal jet structure, the $k_{\perp}$
algorithm is applied within D = 0.5 jets to resolve any subjets. The
multiplicity of subjets in jet samples at $\sqrt{s} = 1800$ GeV and 630 GeV is
extracted separately for gluons ($M_g$) and quarks ($M_q$), and the ratio of
average subjet multiplicities in gluon and quark jets is measured as $(M_{g} -
1) / (M_{q} - 1) = 1.84 \pm 0.15 (stat.) \pm ^{0.22}_{0.18} (sys.)$. This ratio
is in agreement with the expectations from the HERWIG Monte Carlo event
generator and a resummation calculation, and with observations in $e^+e^-$
annihilations, and is close to the naive prediction for the ratio of color
charges of $C_A/C_F = 9/4 = 2.25$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149064 </DOCNO>
Open Wilson Lines and Generalized Star Product in Noncommutative Scalar


  Open Wilson line operators and generalized star product have been studied
extensively in noncommutative gauge theories. We show that they also show up in
noncommutative scalar field theories as universal structures. We first point
out that dipole picture of noncommutative geometry provides an intuitive
argument for robustness of the open Wilson lines and generalized star products
therein. We calculate one-loop effective action of noncommutative scalar field
theory with cubic self-interaction and show explicitly that the generalized
star products arise in the nonplanar part. It is shown that, at low-energy,
large noncommutativity limit, the nonplanar part is expressible solely in terms
of the {\sl scalar} open Wilson line operator and descendants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73242 </DOCNO>
Seesaw tau lepton mass and calculable neutrino masses in a 3-3-1 model


  In a version of the 3-3-1 model proposed by Duong and Ma the introduction of
the scalar sextet for giving mass to the charged leptons is avoided by adding a
singlet charged lepton. We show that in this case the $\tau$ lepton gains mass
through a seesaw--like mechanism. Besides we show how to generate neutrino
masses at the tree and at the 1-loop level with the respective
Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata leptonic mixing matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76203 </DOCNO>
Results of the O(alpha_s) two-loop virtual corrections to B --> X_s l+


  We present the results of the O(alpha_s) two-loop virtual corrections to the
differential decay width dGamma(B -> X_s l+ l-)/ds, where s is the invariant
mass squared of the lepton pair. Those contributions from gluon bremsstrahlung
which are needed to cancel infrared and collinear singularities are also
included. Our calculation is restricted to the range 0.05 < s/mb^2 < 0.25 where
the effects from resonances are small. The new contributions drastically reduce
the renormalization scale dependence of existing results for dGamma(B->X_s l+
l-)/ds. The renormalization scale uncertainty of the corresponding branching
ratio (restricted to range mentioned above) gets reduced from +/-13% to
+/-6.5%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97086 </DOCNO>
Least Sqaure Method for Sum of the Functions Satysfying the Differential


  We propose a linear algorithm for determining two function parameters by
their linear combination. These functions must satisfy the first order
differential equations with polynomial coefficients and our parameters are the
coefficients of these polynomials. The algorithm consists of sequential
solution by least squares method of two linear problems - first, differential
equation polynomial coefficients determining for linear combination of two
given functions and second - determining functions parameters by these
polynomial coefficients. Numerical modeling carried by this scheme gives an
good accordance under weak normal noise (with dispersion \( <5\% \)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128139 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a New Companion and Evidence of a Circumprimary Disk:


  Since a majority of young low-mass stars are members of multiple systems, the
study of their stellar and disk configurations is crucial to our understanding
of both star and planet formation processes. Here we present near-infrared
adaptive optics observations of the young multiple star system VW Cha. The
previously known 0.7 arcsec binary is clearly resolved already in our raw J and
K band images. We report the discovery of a new, faint companion to the
secondary, at an apparent separation of only 0.1 arcsec or 16 AU. Our
high-resolution photometric observations also make it possible to measure the
J-K colors of each of the three components individually. We detect an infrared
excess in the primary, consistent with theoretical models of a circumprimary
disk. Analytical and numerical calculations of orbital stability show that VW
Cha may be a stable triple system. Using models for the age and total mass of
the secondary pair, we estimate the orbital period to be 74 years. Thus,
follow-up astrometric observations might yield direct dynamical masses within a
few years, and constrain evolutionary models of low-mass stars. Our results
demonstrate that adaptive optics imaging in conjunction with deconvolution
techniques is a powerful tool for probing close multiple systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99050 </DOCNO>
Group Classification of Generalised Eikonal Equations


  A new approach to the problem of group classification is applied to the class
of first-order non-linear equations of the form $u_a u_a=F(t,u,u_t)$. It
allowed complete solution of the group classification problem for a class of
equations for functions depending on multiple independent variables, where
highest derivatives enter nonlinearly. Equivalence groups of the class under
consideration and algebraic properties of the symmetry algebra are studied. The
class of equations considered presents generalisation of the eikonal and
Hamilton-Jacobi equations. The paper contains the list of all non-equivalent
equations from this class with symmetry extensions, and proofs of such non-
equivalence. New first order non-linear equations possessing wide symmetry
groups were constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76140 </DOCNO>
Next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the photon's parton


  The next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections in massless perturbative
QCD are derived for the parton distributions of the photon and the deep
inelastic structure functions F_1^gamma and F_2^gamma. We present the full
photonic coefficient functions at order alpha alpha_s and calculate the first
six even-integer moments of the corresponding O(alpha alpha_s^2) photon-quark
and photon-gluon splitting functions together with the moments of the alpha
alpha_s^2 coefficient functions which enter only beyond NNLO. These results are
employed to construct parametrizations of the splitting functions which prove
to be sufficiently accurate at least for momentum fractions x >= 0.05. We also
present explicit expressions for the transformation from the MS_bar to the
DIS_gamma factorization scheme and write down the solution of the evolution
equations. The numerical impact of the NNLO corrections is discussed in both
schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6619 </DOCNO>
Broadband Microwave Spectroscopy of d-Wave Quasiparticles in


  A novel bolometric apparatus has been used to continuously scan (0.6-21 GHz)
the a-axis microwave surface resistance $R_s(\omega)$ of a single crystal of
ortho-II phase YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.50}$ for T < 7 K. Penetration depth data for
the same sample allow the extraction of the real part of the conductivity
$\sigma_1(\omega)$ from $R_s(\omega)$, and we resolve, for the first time, the
detailed conductivity lineshape of an extremely clean d-wave superconductor in
the low-T limit. The spectra reveal previously unobserved signatures of
weak-limit d-wave quasiparticle scattering, but the observed $T\to 0$ spectral
weight challenges existing theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169382 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Quantum Newton's Law and photon trajectories


  Using the relativistic quantum Hamilton-Jacobi equation within the framework
of the equivalence postulate, and grounding one self on both relativistic and
quantum Lagrangians, we construct a Lagrangian of relativistic quantum system
in one dimension and derive a third order equation of motion representing a
first integral of the relativistic quantum Newton's law. Then, we investigate
the free particle case and establish the photon's trajectories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148990 </DOCNO>
Maximally localized states and causality in non commutative quantum


  We give simple representations for quantum theories in which the position
commutators are non vanishing constants. A particular representation reproduces
results found using the Moyal star product. The notion of exact localization
being meaningless in these theories, we adapt the notion of ``maximally
localized states'' developed in another context . We find that gaussian
functions play this role in a 2+1 dimensional model in which the non
commutation relations concern positions only. An interpretation of the wave
function in this non commutative geometry is suggested. We also analyze higher
dimensional cases. A possible incidence on the causality issue for a Q.F.T with
a non commuting time is sketched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126831 </DOCNO>
What can we learn from the surface chemical composition of the optical


  Several evolutionary sequences with low--mass secondaries ($M_d $=1.25, 1.5
and 1.7$ M_\odot $) and black hole accretors ($M_{bh} $=5 and 10$ M_\odot$) are
calculated. The angular momentum losses due to magnetic braking and
gravitational wave radiation are included. Using full nuclear networks (p--p
and CNO cycles) we follow carefully the evolution of the surface composition of
the secondary star. We find that the surface chemical composition of the
secondary star may give additional information which helps to understand the
formation of soft X-ray transients with black holes as accretors. We show that
observations of isotope ratios $^{12}C/^{13}C$, $^{14}N/^{15}N$ and
$^{16}O/^{17}O $ with comparison to computed sequences allow estimates
independent from spectroscopy of the mass of the secondary component. We find
that our evolutionary calculations satisfactorily explain the observed $\it q =
M_{sg}/M_{bh}$ -- $P_{orb}$ distribution for Soft X-ray transients with orbital
periods less than one day. Using our evolutionary calculations we estimate
secondary masses and surface chemical abundances (C,N,O) for different systems.
We distinguished three different phases in the SXT's evolution. The optical
component shows (i) cosmic C, N, O abundances and $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C isotopic
ratio; (ii) cosmic C, N, O abundances but modified $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C ratio; and
(iii) depletion of C and enhanced of N abundances and strongly modified
isotopic ratios of C, N, O elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123433 </DOCNO>
New Results from a Survey of Galactic Outflows in Nearby Active Galactic


  Recent results from a multiwavelength survey of spatially resolved outflows
in nearby active galaxies are presented. Optical Fabry-Perot and long-slit
spectroscopic data are combined with VLA and ROSAT images, when available, to
probe the warm, relativistic and hot gas components involved in the outflow.
The emphasis is put on objects which harbor wide-angle galactic-scale outflows
but also show evidence at radio or optical wavelengths for collimated jet-like
phenomena (e.g., Circinus, NGC 4388, and to a lesser extent NGC 2992). Our
results are compared with the predictions from published jet-driven thermal
wind models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113818 </DOCNO>
The Distant Possibility of Using a High-Luminosity Muon Source to


  Short-baseline calculations reveal that if the neutrino were massive, it
would show a beautifully structured difference spectrum; however, this spectrum
seems beyond current experimental reach.
  An interval-timing paradigm would not seem feasible in a short-baseline
experiment; however, interval timing on an Earth-Moon long baseline experiment
might be able to improve current upper limits on the neutrino mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1038 </DOCNO>
Instanton picture of the spin tunneling in the Lipkin model


  A consistent theory of the ground state energy and its splitting due to the
process of tunneling for the Lipkin model is presented. For the functional
integral in terms of the spin coherent states for the partition function of the
model we accurately calculate the trivial and the instanton saddle point
contributions. We show that such calculation has to be perfomed very accurately
taking into account the discrete nature of the functional integral. Such
accurate consideration leads to finite corrections to a naive continous
consideration. We present comparison with numerical calculation of the ground
state energy and the tunneling splitting and with the results obtained by the
quasiclassical method and get excellent agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127188 </DOCNO>
The Las Campanas IR Survey: Early Type Galaxy Progenitors Beyond


  (Abridged) We have identified a population of faint red galaxies from a 0.62
square degree region of the Las Campanas Infrared Survey whose properties are
consistent with their being the progenitors of early-type galaxies. The optical
and IR colors, number-magnitude relation and angular clustering together
indicate modest evolution and increased star formation rates among the
early-type field population at redshifts between one and two. The counts of red
galaxies with $H$ magnitudes between 17 and 20 rise with a slope that is much
steeper than that of the total H sample. The surface density of red galaxies
drops from roughly 3000 per square degree at H = 20.5, I-H > 3 to ~ 20 per
square degree at H = 20, I-H > 5. The V-I colors are approximately 1.5
magnitudes bluer on average than a pure old population and span a range of more
than three magnitudes. The colors, and photometric redshifts derived from them,
indicate that the red galaxies have redshift distributions adequately described
by Gaussians with sigma_z ~ 0.2$ centered near redshift one, with the exception
that galaxies having $V-I<1.6$ and $I-H>3$ are primarily in the 1.5 < z < 2
range. We find co-moving correlation lengths of 9-10 Mpc at z ~ 1, comparable
to, or larger than, those found for early-type galaxies at lower redshifts. A
simple photometric evolution model reproduces the counts of the red galaxies,
with only a ~ 30% decline in the underlying space density of early-type
galaxies at z ~ 1.2. We suggest on the basis of the colors, counts, and
clustering that these red galaxies are the bulk of the progenitors of present
day early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125974 </DOCNO>
Field Stars, Open Clusters, and the Galactic Abundance Gradient


  The effects of the orbital diffusion of stars and clusters on the galactic
abundance gradient have been modelled. For a single generation of field stars,
the results confirm previous analyses based upon the assumption of a linear
gradient with galactocentric distance. Though the dispersion in metallicity at
a given radius grows with time, the underlying slope across the disk remains
unchanged. For a disk dominated by a discontinuity in [Fe/H] beyond the solar
circle, but no gradient within the inner or outer disk, a gradient is derived
for any sample whose galactocentric baseline overlaps the discontinuity. The
consequence of orbital diffusion is to shift the observable edge of the
transition in [Fe/H] to smaller galactocentric distance. In contrast, star
clusters of a single generation evaporate so quickly that the small surviving
sample of the oldest clusters is statistically insufficient to define any but a
linear gradient. Inclusion of multiple generations of stars and clusters with a
plausible age-metallicity relation enhances these patterns by expanding the
metallicity range at a given galactocentric distance through the inclusion of
stars with a wide range in both age and galactocentric origin. For field stars,
the metallicity distribution of stars in the solar neighborhood is virtually
indistinguishable for the two cases modelled. Because ages, abundances, and
distances can be reliably determined for clusters and any sample of clusters is
invariably dominated by clusters formed over the last 2 Gyrs, the cluster
population offers a means for finding detailed structure within the recent
galactic abundance gradient. Using clusters to extend the galactocentric
baseline would supply an additional critical test of the discontinuity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128118 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties of photospheric regions having very low magnetic


  The magnetic properties of the quiet Sun are investigated using a novel
inversion code, FATIMA, based on the Principal Component Analysis of the
observed Stokes profiles. The stability and relatively low noise sensitivity of
this inversion procedure allows for the systematic inversion of large data sets
with very weak polarization signal. Its application to quiet Sun observations
of network and internetwork regions reveals that a significant fraction of the
quiet Sun contains kilogauss fields (usually with very small filling factors)
and confirms that the pixels with weak polarization account for most of the
magnetic flux. Mixed polarities in the resolution element are also found to
occur more likely as the polarization weakens.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148204 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics on Riemannian Manifold in Schwinger's Quantization


  Schwinger's quantization scheme is extended in order to solve the problem of
the formulation of quantum mechanics on a space with a group structure. The
importance of Killing vectors in a quantization scheme is showed. Usage of
these vectors provides algebraic properties of operators to be consistent with
the geometrical structure of a manifold. The procedure of the definition of the
quantum Lagrangian of a free particle and the norm of velocity (momentum)
operators is given. These constructions are invariant under a general
coordinate transformation. The unified procedure for constructing the quantum
theory on a space with a group structure is developed. Using it quantum
mechanics on a Riemannian manifold with a simply transitive group acting on it
is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149940 </DOCNO>
D-Branes in Coset Models


  The analysis of D-branes in coset models G/H provides a natural extension of
recent studies on branes in WZW-theory and it has various interesting
applications to physically relevant models. In this work we develop a reduction
procedure that allows to construct the non-commutative gauge theories which
govern the dynamics of branes in G/H. We obtain a large class of solutions and
interprete the associated condensation processes geometrically. The latter are
used to propose conservation laws for the dynamics of branes in coset models at
large level k. In super-symmetric theories, conserved charges are argued to
take their values in the representation ring of the denominator theory.
Finally, we apply the general results to study boundary fixed points in two
examples, namely for parafermions and minimal models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168074 </DOCNO>
The Use of NMR for Solving the Problems of Quantum Computers


  The analysis of papers on usage NMR in quantum computations is provided and
the probable direction of the future investigations are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179328 </DOCNO>
Toward a Spin- and Parity-Independent Nucleon-Nucleon Potential


  A supersymmetric inversion method is applied to the singlet $^1S_0$ and
$^1P_1$ neutron-proton elastic phase shifts. The resulting central potential
has a one-pion-exchange (OPE) long-range behavior and a parity-independent
short-range part; it fits inverted data well. Adding a regularized OPE tensor
term also allows the reproduction of the triplet $^3P_0$, $^3P_1$ and $^3S_1$
phase shifts as well as of the deuteron binding energy. The potential is thus
also spin-independent (except for the OPE part) and contains no spin-orbit
term. These important simplifications of the neutron-proton interaction are
shown to be possible only if the potential possesses Pauli forbidden bound
states, as proposed in the Moscow nucleon-nucleon model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1009 </DOCNO>
Gate-Controlled Electron Spin Resonance in a GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructure


  The electron spin resonance (ESR) of two-dimensional electrons is
investigated in a gated GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. We found that the ESR
resonance frequency can be turned by means of a gate voltage. The front and
back gates of the heterostructure produce opposite g-factor shift, suggesting
that electron g-factor is being electrostatically controlled by shifting the
equilibrium position of the electron wave function from one epitaxial layer to
another with different g-factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4007 </DOCNO>
Photoinduced Changes of Reflectivity in Single Crystals of YBa2Cu3O6.5


  We report measurements of the photoinduced change in reflectivity of an
untwinned single crystal of YBa2Cu3O6.5 in the ortho II structure. The decay
rate of the transient change in reflectivity is found to decrease rapidly with
decreasing temperature and, below Tc, with decreasing laser intensity. We
interpret the decay as a process of thermalization of antinodal quasiparticles,
whose rate is determined by an inelastic scattering rate of quasiparticle
pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86301 </DOCNO>
Brane-world generalizations of the Einstein static universe


  A static Friedmann brane in a 5-dimensional bulk (Randall-Sundrum type
scenario) can have a very different relation between the density, pressure,
curvature and cosmological constant than in the case of the general
relativistic Einstein static universe. In particular, static Friedmann branes
with zero cosmological constant and 3-curvature, but satisfying rho>0 and
rho+3p>0, are possible. Furthermore, we find static Friedmann branes in a bulk
that satisfies the Einstein equations but is not Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter
or its specializations. In the models with negative bulk cosmological constant,
a positive brane tension leads to negative density and 3-curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 338 </DOCNO>
Wavelets and their use


  This review paper is intended to give a useful guide for those who want to
apply discrete wavelets in their practice. The notion of wavelets and their use
in practical computing and various applications are briefly described, but
rigorous proofs of mathematical statements are omitted, and the reader is just
referred to corresponding literature. The multiresolution analysis and fast
wavelet transform became a standard procedure for dealing with discrete
wavelets. The proper choice of a wavelet and use of nonstandard matrix
multiplication are often crucial for achievement of a goal. Analysis of various
functions with the help of wavelets allows to reveal fractal structures,
singularities etc. Wavelet transform of operator expressions helps solve some
equations. In practical applications one deals often with the discretized
functions, and the problem of stability of wavelet transform and corresponding
numerical algorithms becomes important. After discussing all these topics we
turn to practical applications of the wavelet machinery. They are so numerous
that we have to limit ourselves by some examples only. The authors would be
grateful for any comments which improve this review paper and move us closer to
the goal proclaimed in the first phrase of the abstract.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75801 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in a SUSY SO(10) x U(2)_{F} Model


  We construct a model based on SUSY SO(10) combined with U(2) family symmetry
including complex phases leading to CP violation. In contrast with the commonly
used effective operator approach, \bar{126}-dimensional Higgs fields are
utilized to construct the Yukawa sector. R-parity symmetry is thus preserved at
low energies. The symmetric mass textures arising from the left-right symmetry
breaking chain of SO(10) give rise to very good predictions for quark and
lepton masses and mixings. The prediction for \sin 2\beta agrees with the
current bounds from BaBar and Belle. In the neutrino sector, our predictions
are in good agreement with results from atmospheric neutrino experiments. Our
model favors both the LOW and QVO solutions to the solar neutrino anomaly; the
matrix element for neutrinoless double beta decay is highly suppressed. The
leptonic analog of the Jarlskog invariant, J_{CP}^{l}, is predicted to be of
O(10^{-2}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128044 </DOCNO>
Low-extinction windows in the inner Galactic Bulge


  We built K band extinction maps in the area of two candidate low-extinction
windows in the inner Bulge: W0.2-2.1 at (l,b) = (0.25o,-2.15o), and W359.4-3.1
at (l,b) = (359.40o,-3.10o). We employed JHKs photometry from the 2MASS Point
Source Catalog. Extinction values were determined by fitting the upper giant
branch found in the present 2MASS Ks x J-Ks diagrams to a de-reddened bulge
stellar population reference giant branch. We tested the method on the well
known Baade's and Sgr I windows: the 2MASS mean extinction values in these
fields agreed well with those of previous studies. We confirm the existence of
low-extinction windows in the regions studied, as local minima in the A_K maps
reaching A_K values about 2 standard deviations below the mean values found in
the neighbouring areas. Schlegel et al.'s (1998) FIR extinction maps, which
integrate dust contributions throughout the Galaxy, are structurally similar to
those derived with 2MASS photometry in the two studied windows. We thus
conclude that the dust clouds affecting the 2MASS and FIR maps in these
directions are basically the same and are located on foreground of the bulk of
bulge stars. However, the A_K absolute values differ significantly. In
particular, the FIR extinction values for W359.4-3.1 are a factor ~1.45 larger
than those derived from the 2MASS photometry. Possible explanations of this
effect are discussed. The lower Galactic latitudes of the low-extinction
windows W359.4-3.1 and W0.2-2.1, as compared to Baade's Window, make them
promising targets for detailed studies of more central bulge regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169350 </DOCNO>
Geometric Manipulation of Trapped Ions for Quantum Computation


  We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to achieve quantum computation
based solely on geometric manipulations of a quantum system. The desired
geometric operations are obtained by driving the quantum system to undergo
appropriate adiabatic cyclic evolutions. Our implementation of the
all-geometric quantum computation is based on laser manipulation of a set of
trapped ions. An all-geometric approach, apart from its fundamental interest,
promises a possible way for robust quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169456 </DOCNO>
Bogoliubov transformations and exact isolated solutions for simple


  We present a new method for finding isolated exact solutions of a class of
non-adiabatic Hamiltonians of relevance to quantum optics and allied areas.
Central to our approach is the use of Bogoliubov transformations of the bosonic
fields in the models. We demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of this
method by applying it to the Rabi Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174719 </DOCNO>
Overview of PHENIX Results from the First RHIC Run


  Results from the PHENIX experiment for the first RHIC run with Au-Au
collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 130 GeV are presented.
The systematic variation with centrality of charged particle multiplicity,
transverse energy, elliptic flow, identified particle spectra and yield ratios,
and production of charged particles and neutral pions at high transverse
momenta are presented. Results on two-pion correlations and electron spectra
are also provided, along with a discussion of plans for the second run at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 815 </DOCNO>
Replica Treatment of the Calogero-Sutherland Model


  Employing Forrester-Ha method of Jack polynomials, we derive an integral
identity connecting certain N-fold coordinate average of the
Calogero-Sutherland model with the n-fold replica integral. Subsequent
analytical continuation to non-integer n leads to asymptotic expressions for
the (static and dynamic) density-density correlation function of the model as
well as the Green's function for an arbitrary coupling constant $\lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87125 </DOCNO>
Holography and the large number hypothesis


  Dirac's large number hypothesis is motivated by certain scaling
transformations that relate the parameters of macro and microphysics. We show
that these relations can actually be explained in terms of the holographic $N$
bound conjectured by Bousso and a series of purely cosmological observations,
namely, that our universe is spatially homogeneous, isotropic, and flat to a
high degree of approximation and that the cosmological constant dominates the
energy density at present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126593 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. VII. X-ray Emission from Lyman


  We present results from stacking analyses, using the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field
North data, that constrain the X-ray emission of Lyman break galaxies at z =
2-4. Stacking the counts from 24 individually undetected Lyman break galaxies
located within the Hubble Deep Field North, we have obtained average detections
of these objects in the resulting 0.5-8.0 keV and 0.5-2.0 keV images; these
images have effective exposure times of 22.4 Ms (260 days). Monte Carlo testing
empirically shows the detections to be highly significant. The average
rest-frame 2-8 keV luminosity of a Lyman break galaxy is derived to be 3.2 x
10^{41} erg s^{-1}, comparable to that of the most X-ray luminous starbursts in
the local Universe. The observed ratio of X-ray to B-band luminosity is
somewhat, but not greatly, higher than that seen from local starbursts. The
X-ray emission probably arises from a combination of high-mass X-ray binaries,
"super-Eddington" X-ray sources, and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129100 </DOCNO>
Disclosing the true nature of the Sy 2 galaxy NGC 3281: one more


  We present the BeppoSAX broad-band X-ray spectrum of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC
3281. The source high-energy spectrum is characterized by the nuclear
transmitted component, with an absorbing column density of about 2 10^24 cm^-2,
while the MECS spectrum is reflection-dominated, with a prominent (EW about
0.5-1.2 keV) iron K_alpha emission line. The source is detected at only the 5
sigma significance level in the LECS band, because of the strong obscuration
which hampers at low energies the direct view of the active nucleus harbored in
NGC 3281. BeppoSAX results are consistent with the scenario where NGC 3281 is
inclined more than 60 degrees with respect to the line-of-sight. Combining the
N_H value obtained from the present X-ray analysis with the A_V measurement, a
N_H/A_V about 50 times the Galactic value is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124378 </DOCNO>
The DIRECT project: Catalogs of stellar objects in nearby galaxies. II.


  DIRECT is a project to directly obtain the distances to two important
galaxies in the cosmological distance ladder, M31 and M33, using detached
eclipsing binaries and Cepheids. As part of our search for these variables, we
have obtained photometry and positions for thousands of stellar objects within
the monitored fields, covering an area of 557.8 arcmin^2. In this research note
we present the equatorial coordinates and BVI photometry for 26712 stars in the
M31 galaxy, along the eastern arm and in the vicinity of the star forming
region NGC206.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98758 </DOCNO>
Generalized Riemann-Hilbert Transmission and Boundary Value Problems,


  We present classical and generalized Riemann-Hilbert problem in several
contexts arising from $K$-theory and bordism theory. The language of Fredholm
pairs turns out to be useful and unavoidable. We propose an abstract
formulation of a notion of bordism in the context of Hilbert spaces equipped
with splittings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72632 </DOCNO>
Effective field theory and the quark model


  We analyze the connections between the quark model (QM) and the description
of hadrons in the low-momentum limit of heavy-baryon effective field theory in
QCD. By using a three-flavor-index representation for the effective baryon
fields, we show that the ``nonrelativistic'' constituent QM for baryon masses
and moments is completely equivalent through O(m_s) to a parametrization of the
relativistic field theory in a general spin--flavor basis. The flavor and spin
variables can be identified with those of effective valence quarks. Conversely,
the spin-flavor description clarifies the structure and dynamical
interpretation of the chiral expansion in effective field theory, and provides
a direct connection between the field theory and the semirelativistic models
for hadrons used in successful dynamical calculations. This allows dynamical
information to be incorporated directly into the chiral expansion. We find, for
example, that the striking success of the additive QM for baryon magnetic
moments is a consequence of the relative smallness of the non-additive
spin-dependent corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174672 </DOCNO>
Self energies of the pion and the delta isobar from the


  In a kinematically complete experiment at the Mainz microtron MAMI, pion
angular distributions of the $^3$He(e,e'$\pi^+)^3$H reaction have been measured
in the excitation region of the $\Delta$ resonance to determine the
longitudinal ($L$), transverse ($T$), and the $LT$ interference part of the
differential cross section. The data are described only after introducing
self-energy modifications of the pion and $\Delta$-isobar propagators. Using
Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) to extrapolate the pion self energy as
inferred from the measurement on the mass shell, we deduce a reduction of the
$\pi^+$ mass of $\Delta m_{\pi^+} = (-1.7^{+ 1.7}_{- 2.1})$ MeV/c$^2$ in the
neutron-rich nuclear medium at a density of $\rho = (0.057^{+ 0.085}_{-
0.057})$ fm$^{-3}$. Our data are consistent with the $\Delta$ self energy
determined from measurements of $\pi^0$ photoproduction from $^4$He and heavier
nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96768 </DOCNO>
Inductive Construction of the Loop Transform for Abelian Gauge Theories


  We construct the loop transform in the case of Abelian gauge theories as
unitary operator given by the inductive limit of Fourier transforms on tori. We
also show that its range, i.e.the space of kinematical states of the quantum
loop representation, is the Hilbert space of square integrable complex valued
functions on the group of loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76882 </DOCNO>
Complete next-to-leading order QCD corrections to charged Higgs boson


  The complete next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections to charged Higgs
boson associated production with top quark through $b g \to tH^{-}$ at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider are calculated in the minimal supersymmetric standard
model (MSSM) and two-Higgs-doublet model in the $\bar{MS}$ scheme. The NLO QCD
corrections can reduce the scale dependence of the leading order (LO) cross
section. The K-factor (defined as the ratio of the NLO cross section to the LO
one) varies roughly from $\sim 1.6$ to $\sim 1.8$ when charged Higgs mass
increases from 200 GeV to 1000 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96936 </DOCNO>
Brolin's Theorem for curves in two complex dimensions


  Given a holomorphic selfmap f of the complex projective plane of algebraic
degree at least 2, we give sufficient conditions on a positive closed (1,1)
current S of unit mass under which the normalized pullbacks of S under iterates
of f converge to the Green current T.
  In particular, we completely characterize the plane algebraic curves whose
normalized pullbacks converge weakly to T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97375 </DOCNO>
The Spectral Scale and the k-Numerical Range


  Suppose that c is a linear operator acting on an n-dimensional complex
Hilbert Space H, and let tau denote the normalized trace on B(H). Set b_1 =
(c+c*)/2 and b_2 = (c-c*)/2i, and write B for the the spectral scale of {b_1,
b_2} with respect to tau. We show that B contains full information about
(W_k)(c), the k-numerical range of c for each k =1,...,n. We then use our
previous work on spectral scales to prove several new facts about (W_k)(c). For
example, we show in Theorem 3.4 that the point lambda is a singular point on
the boundary of (W_k)(c) if and only if lambda is an isolated extreme point of
(W_k)(c). In this case lambda = (n/k)tau(cz), where z is a central projection
in in the algebra generated by b_1, b_2 and the identity. We show in Theorem
3.5, that c is normal if and only if (W_k)(c) is a polygon for each k. Finally,
it is shown in Theorem 5.4 that the boundary of (W_k)(c) is the finite union of
line segments and curved real analytic arcs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148138 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Transformation of Quantum Fields


  In the Wess-Zumino gauge, supersymmetry transformations become non-linear and
are usually incorporated together with BRS transformations in the form of
Slavnov-Taylor identities, such that they appear at first sight to be even
non-local. Furthermore, the gauge fixing term breaks supersymmetry. In the
present paper, we clarify in which sense supersymmetry is still a symmetry of
the system and how it is realized on the level of quantum fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125134 </DOCNO>
Sco X-1: Energy Transfer from the Core to the Radio Lobes


  The evolution of the radio emission from Sco X-1 is determined from a 56-hour
continuous VLBI observation and from shorter observations over a four-year
period. The radio source consists of a variable core near the binary, and two
variable compact radio lobes which form near the core, move diametrically
outward, then fade away. Subsequently, a new lobe-pair form near the core and
the behavior repeats. The differences in the radio properties of the two lobes
are consistent with the delay and Doppler-boosting associated with an average
space velocity of 0.45c at 44 deg to the line of sight. Four lobe speeds,
between 0.32c and 0.57c, were measured for several lobe-pairs on different
days. The speed during each epoch remained constant over many hours. The
direction of motion of the lobes over all epochs remained constant to a few
degrees.
  Two core flares are contemporaneous with two lobe flares after removal of the
delay associated with an energy burst moving with speed >0.95c in a twin-beam
from the core to each lobe. This is the first direct measurement of the speed
of energy flow within an astrophysical jet. The similarity of the core and lobe
flares suggests that the twin-beam flow is symmetric and that the core is
located near the base of the beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169240 </DOCNO>
Landau quantum systems: an approach based on symmetry


  We show that the Landau quantum systems (or integer quantum Hall effect
systems) in a plane, sphere or a hyperboloid, can be explained in a complete
meaningful way from group-theoretical considerations concerning the symmetry
group of the corresponding configuration space. The crucial point in our
development is the role played by locality and its appropriate mathematical
framework, the fiber bundles. In this way the Landau levels can be understood
as the local equivalence classes of the symmetry group. We develop a unified
treatment that supplies the correct geometric way to recover the planar case as
a limit of the spherical or the hyperbolic quantum systems when the curvature
goes to zero. This is an interesting case where a contraction procedure gives
rise to nontrivial cohomology starting from a trivial one. We show how to
reduce the quantum hyperbolic Landau problem to a Morse system using horocyclic
coordinates. An algebraic analysis of the eigenvalue equation allow us to build
ladder operators which can help in solving the spectrum under different
boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3541 </DOCNO>
Isotope Effect in the Presence of Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Impurities


  The effect of impurities on the isotope coefficient is studied theoretically
in the framework of Abrikosov-Gor'kov approach generalized to account for both
potential and spin-flip scattering in anisotropic superconductors. An
expression for the isotope coefficient as a function of the critical
temperature is obtained for a superconductor with an arbitrary contribution of
spin-flip processes to the total scattering rate and an arbitrary degree of
anisotropy of the superconducting order parameter, ranging from isotropic
s-wave to d-wave and including anisotropic s-wave and mixed (s+d)-wave as
particular cases. It is found that both magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities
enhance the isotope coefficient, the enhancement due to magnetic impurities
being generally greater than that due to nonmagnetic impurities. From the
analysis of the experimental results on La-Sr-Cu-M-O high temperature
superconductor, it is concluded that the symmetry of the pairing state in this
system differs from a pure d-wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1112 </DOCNO>
Periodic Density Modulation Effects on a Correlated two-dimensional


  We examine theoretically the effects caused by a periodic external potential
on the correlated motion of a two-dimensional electron system under strong
magnetic fields corresponding to a filling factor 1/2. To describe the
resulting complex dynamics, we adopt a composite fermion approach and we
determine in a two loop approximation the density-response function
$K_{00}(\bfq,\omega)$ and the compressibility. We show explicitly that the
long-wavelength limit of $K_{00}(\bfq,\omega)$ exhibits substantial anisotropic
behavior induced by the modulation, and that the system tends to be
incompressible in a direction orthogonal to the modulation as opposed to its
response along the modulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127781 </DOCNO>
A Possible X-Ray Periodicity at Several Tens Hours of a Ultra-Luminous


  A long (155 hours) ASCA observation was performed of two ultra luminous
compact X-ray sources, Source 1 and Source 2, in the spiral galaxy IC 342.
While Source 1 that was in a hard spectral state varied little, Source 2 that
was in its soft spectral state varied significantly on a time scale of about
one day. The rms variation amplitude amounts to 5% in the 2-10 keV band, but is
less than 4% in 0.7-2 keV. The variation involves statistically significant
changes in the parameters describing multi-color disk blackbody emission from
this source. The variation is possibly periodic, with a period of either 31
$\pm$ 2, hours or 41 $\pm$ 3 hours. Both are consistent with the orbital period
of a semi-detached binary formed by a black hole and a main-sequence star of
several tens solar masses. These results reinforce the interpretation of these
X-ray objects in terms of accreting massive stellar black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127560 </DOCNO>
The Infrared Continuum Spectrum of VY CMa


  We combine spectra of VY CMa obtained with the short- and long-wavelength
spectrometers, SWS and LWS, on the Infrared Space Observatory to provide a
first detailed continuum spectrum of this highly luminous star. The
circumstellar dust cloud through which the star is observed is partially
self-absorbing, which makes for complex computational modeling. We review
previous work and comment on the range of uncertainties about the physical
traits and mineralogical composition of the modeled disk. We show that these
uncertainties significantly affect the modeling of the outflow and the
estimated mass loss. In particular, we demonstrate that a variety of quite
diverse models can produce good fits to the observed spectrum. If the outflow
is steady, and the radiative repulsion on the dust cloud dominates the star's
gravitational attraction, we show that the total dust mass-loss rate is $\sim
4\times 10^{-6}M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, assuming that the star is at a distance of
1.5 kpc. Several indications, however, suggest that the outflow from the star
may be spasmodic. We discuss this and other problems facing the construction of
a physically coherent model of the dust cloud and a realistic mass-loss
analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168989 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and Properties of Composite Quantum Systems: a Conceptual


  Various topics concerning the entanglement of composite quantum systems are
considered with particular emphasis concerning the strict relations of such a
problem with the one of attributing objective properties to the constituents.
Most of the paper deals with composite systems in pure states. After a detailed
discussion and a precise formal analysis of the case of systems of
distinguishable particles, the problems of entanglement and the one of the
properties of subsystems of systems of identical particles are thourougly
discussed. This part is the most interesting and new and it focuses various
subtle questions which have never been adequately discussed in the literature.
Some inappropriate assertions which appeared in recent papers are analyzed. The
relations of the main subject of the paper with the nonlocal aspects of quantum
mechanics, as well as with the possibility of deriving Bell's inequality are
also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114169 </DOCNO>
Reality of Time


  The meaning of instantaneous action at a distance is elucidated. It is shown
that the absence of a medium to transmit action (usually referred to as AAD in
the literature) and instantaneous action are not identical. Since the term
"instantaneous" is incompatible with relativity and field theory, a critique is
presented on the concept of time in relativity. It is argued that relativity
does not deal with the nature of time. Physical reality of the absolute time is
envisaged, and instantaneous action is proposed to be a natural consequence of
it. Possibly gravity is such kind of a force, however the electromagnetic
force, though envisaged as direct particle interaction (i.e. without
intermediary fields) can not be instantaneous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98130 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical properties and chaos degree for the quantum baker's map


  We study the chaotic behaviour and the quantum-classical correspondence for
the baker's map. Correspondence between quantum and classical expectation
values is investigated and it is numerically shown that it is lost at the
logarithmic timescale. The quantum chaos degree is computed and it is
demonstrated that it describes the chaotic features of the model. The
correspondence between classical and quantum chaos degrees is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75670 </DOCNO>
$\bar B\to D\tau \bar\nu_{\tau}$ in two-Higgs-doublet model


  We study the exclusive semi-tauonic B decay, $\bar B \to D \tau
\bar\nu_{\tau}$, in two-Higgs-doublet models. Using recent experimental and
theoretical results on hadronic form factors, we estimate theoretical
uncertainties in the branching ratio. As a result, we clarify the potential
sensitivity of this mode to the charged Higgs exchange. Our analysis will help
to probe the charged Higgs boson at present and future B factory experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3361 </DOCNO>
Partial and macroscopic phase coherences in underdoped


  A combined study with use of time-domain pump-probe spectroscopy and
time-domain terahertz transmission spectroscopy have been carried out on an
underdoped Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+{\delta}}$ thin film. It was observed that
the low energy multi-excitation states were decomposed into superconducting gap
and pseudogap. The pseudogap locally opens below $T^*{\simeq}210$ K
simultaneously with the appearance of the high-frequency partial pairs around
1.3 THz. With decreasing temperature, the number of the local domains with the
partial phase coherence increased and saturated near 100 K, and the macroscopic
superconductivity appeared below 76 K through the superconductivity fluctuation
state below 100 K. These experimental results indicate that the pseudogap makes
an important role for realization of the superconductivity as a precursor to
switch from the partial to the macroscopic phase coherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77078 </DOCNO>
Overview of Relativistic Heavy-Ion Physics


  Selected topics in the field of relativistic heavy-ion collisions are
reviewed f rom the 15 year research programme at the SPS at CERN and the AGS at
BNL, and from the first run of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at BNL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5883 </DOCNO>
Gross-Pitaevskii Theory of the Rotating Bose Gas


  We study the Gross-Pitaevskii functional for a rotating two-dimensional Bose
gas in a trap. We prove that there is a breaking of the rotational symmetry in
the ground state; more precisely, for any value of the angular velocity and for
large enough values of the interaction strength, the ground state of the
functional is not an eigenfunction of the angular momentum. This has
interesting consequences on the Bose gas with spin; in particular, the ground
state energy depends non-trivially on the number of spin components, and the
different components do not have the same wave function. For the special case
of a harmonic trap potential, we give explicit upper and lower bounds on the
critical coupling constant for symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179732 </DOCNO>
Coherent Interactions in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions


  At the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National
Laboratory and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, particles will be
produced in coherent and diffractive nuclear interactions. In extremely
peripheral nuclear collisions (b$>$2R), coherent interactions occur at very
high rates and are dominated by photon-Pomeron or photon-meson processes. In
these reactions, the photon and the Pomeron/meson from the electromagnetic and
nuclear fields couple coherently to all nucleons. The rates for photonuclear
interactions are roughly two orders of magnitude larger than for two-photon
interactions at comparable center-of-mass energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5427 </DOCNO>
Yet another resolution of the Gibbs paradox: an information theory


  The ``Gibbs Paradox'' refers to several related questions concerning entropy
in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics: whether it is an extensive
quantity or not, how it changes when identical particles are mixed, and the
proper way to count states in systems of identical particles. Several authors
have recognized that the paradox is resolved once it is realized that there is
no such thing as the entropy of a system, that there are many entropies, and
that the choice between treating particles as being distinguishable or not
depends on the resolution of the experiment. The purpose of this note is
essentially pedagogical; we add to their analysis by examining the paradox from
the point of view of information theory. Our argument is based on that
`grouping' property of entropy that Shannon recognized, by including it among
his axioms, as an essential requirement on any measure of information. Not only
does it provide the right connection between different entropies but, in
addition, it draws our attention to the obvious fact that addressing issues of
distinguishability and of counting states requires a clear idea about what
precisely do we mean by a state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148669 </DOCNO>
N=2 Supersymmetry and String-Loop Corrected Magnetic Black Holes


  We study string-loop corrections to magnetic black hole. Four-dimensional
theory is obtained by compactification of the heterotic string theory on the
manifold $K3\times T^2$ or on a suitable orbifold yielding N=1 supersymmetry in
6D. The resulting 4D theory has N=2 local supersymmetry. Prepotential of this
theory receives only one-string-loop correction. The tree-level gauge couplings
are proportional to the inverse effective string coupling and decrease at small
distances from the center of magnetic black hole, so that loop corrections to
the gauge couplings are important in this region. We solve the system of spinor
Killing equations (conditions for the supersymmetry variations of the fermions
to vanish) and Maxwell equations. At the string-tree level, we reproduce the
magnetic black hole solution which can be also obtained by solving the system
of the Einstein-Maxwell equations and the equations of motion for the moduli.
String-loop corrections to the tree-level solution are calculated in the first
order in string coupling. The resulting corrections to the metric and dilaton
are large at small distances from the center of the black hole. Possible
smearing of the singularity at the origin by quantum corrections is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3627 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of Fractional Quantum Hall Edges


  We study the interplay of interaction, confining potential and effects of
finite temperature at the edge of a quantum Hall liquid. Our exact
diagonalization calculation indicates that edge reconstruction occurs in the
fractional quantum Hall regime for a variety of confining potential, including
ones that correspond to a "sharp" edge. Our finite temperature Hartree-Fock
calculation for integer quantum Hall edges indicates that reconstruction is
suppressed above certain temperature. We discuss the implication of our results
on recent edge tunneling and microwave absorption experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76959 </DOCNO>
Evidence for chemical equilibration at RHIC


  This contribution focuses on the results of statistical model calculations at
RHIC energies, including recently available experimental data. Previous
calculations of particle yield ratios showed good agreement with measurements
at SPS and lower energies, suggesting that the composite system possesses a
high degree of chemical equilibrium at freeze-out. The effect of feeddown
contamination on the model parameters is discussed, and the sensitivity of
individual ratios to the model parameters ($T$, $\mu_B$) is illustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129292 </DOCNO>
Galactic orbits of stars with planets


  We have reconstructed the galactic orbits of the parent stars of exoplanets.
For comparison, we have recalculated the galactic orbits of stars from the
Edvardsson et al.(1993) catalog. A comparison between the two samples indicates
that stars with planets are not kinematically peculiar. At each perigalactic
distance stars with planets have a metallicity systematically larger than the
average for the comparison sample. We argue that this result favors scenarios
where the presence of planets is the cause of the higher metallicity of stars
with planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148049 </DOCNO>
Deliberations on 11D Superspace for the M-Theory Effective Action


  In relation to the superspace modifications of 11D supergeometry required to
describe the M-theory low-energy effective action, we present an analysis of
infinitesimal supergravity fluctuations about the flat superspace limit. Our
investigation confirms Howe's interpretation of our previous Bianchi identity
analysis. However, the analysis also shows that should 11D supergravity obey
the rules of other off-shell supergravity theories, the complete M-theory
corrections will necessarily excite our previously anticipated spin-1/2
engineering dimension-1/2 spinor auxiliary multiplet superfield. The analysis
of fluctuations yields more evidence that Howe's 1997 theorem is specious when
applied to Poincar\' e supergravity or 11D supergravity/M-theory. We end by
commenting upon recent advances in this area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7379 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phase Transition in Coupled Spin Ladders


  The ground state of an array of coupled, spin-half, antiferromagnetic ladders
is studied using spin-wave theory, exact diagonalization (up to 36 sites) and
quantum Monte Carlo techniques (up to 256 sites). Our results clearly indicate
the occurrence of a zero-temperature phase transition between a N\'eel ordered
and a non-magnetic phase at a finite value of the inter-ladder coupling
($\alpha_c\simeq0.3$). This transition is marked by remarkable changes in the
structure of the excitation spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75605 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the high-energy behaviour of cross-sections in weak-scale


  We consider the high-energy behaviour of processes involving Kaluza-Klein
(KK) gravitons of weak-scale string theories. We discuss how form-factors
derived within string theory modify the couplings of KK gravitons and thereby
lead to an exponential fall-off of cross sections in the high-energy limit.
Further, we point out that the assumption of Regge behaviour for a scattering
amplitude in the high energy limit, $T\propto s^{\alpha(t)}$, combined with a
linear growth of the total cross-section, $\sigma_{tot}(s)\propto s$, violates
elastic unitarity. Regge behaviour leads to a stringent bound on the growth of
the total cross-section, $\stot (s) \leq 32\pi \alpha' \ln(s/s_0)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149329 </DOCNO>
Living with Ghosts


  Perturbation theory for gravity in dimensions greater than two requires
higher derivatives in the free action. Higher derivatives seem to lead to
ghosts, states with negative norm. We consider a fourth order scalar field
theory and show that the problem with ghosts arises because in the canonical
treatment, $\phi$ and $\Box \phi $ are regarded as two independent variables.
Instead, we base quantum theory on a path integral, evaluated in Euclidean
space and then Wick rotated to Lorentzian space. The path integral requires
that quantum states be specified by the values of $\phi$ and $\phi_{,\tau}$. To
calculate probabilities for observations, one has to trace out over
$\phi_{,\tau}$ on the final surface. Hence one loses unitarity, but one can
never produce a negative norm state or get a negative probability. It is shown
that transition probabilities tend toward those of the second order theory, as
the coefficient of the fourth order term in the action tends to zero. Hence
unitarity is restored at the low energies that now occur in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75260 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and the positron excess in cosmic rays


  Recently the HEAT balloon experiment has confirmed an excess of high-energy
positrons in cosmic rays. They could come from annihilation of dark matter in
the galactic halo. We discuss expectations for the positron signal in cosmic
rays from the lightest superpartner. The simplest interpretations are
incompatible with the size and shape of the excess if the relic LSPs evolved
from thermal equilbrium. Non-thermal histories can describe a sufficient
positron rate. Reproducing the energy spectrum is more challenging, but perhaps
possible. The resulting light superpartner spectrum is compatible with collider
physics, the muon anomalous magnetic moment, Z-pole electroweak data, and other
dark matter searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1762 </DOCNO>
Against Chaos in Temperature in Mean-Field Spin-Glass Models


  We study the problem of chaos in temperature in some mean-field spin-glass
models by means of a replica computation over a model of coupled systems. We
propose a set of solutions of the saddle point equations which are
intrinsically non-chaotic and solve a general problem regarding the consistency
of their structure. These solutions are relevant in the case of uncoupled
systems too, therefore they imply a non-trivial overlap distribution
$P(q_{T1T2})$ between systems at different temperatures. The existence of such
solutions is checked to fifth order in an expansion near the critical
temperature through highly non-trivial cancellations, while it is proved that a
dangerous set of such cancellations holds exactly at all orders in the
Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model. The SK model with soft-spin distribution is
also considered obtaining analogous results. Previous analytical results are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81273 </DOCNO>
Super Yang-Mills Theory on Lattice and the Transformation


  We present a new lattice super Yang-Mills theory and its SUSY transformation.
After our formulation of the model in a fundamental lattice, it is extended to
the whole lattice with a substructure of modulo 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86316 </DOCNO>
Induced Matter and Particle Motion in Non-Compact Kaluza-Klein Gravity


  We examine generalizations of the five-dimensional canonical metric by
including a dependence of the extra coordinate in the four-dimensional metric.
We discuss a more appropriate way to interpret the four-dimensional
energy-momentum tensor induced from the five-dimensional space-time and show it
can lead to quite different physical situations depending on the interpretation
chosen. Furthermore, we show that the assumption of five-dimensional null
trajectories in Kaluza-Klein gravity can correspond to either four-dimensional
massive or null trajectories when the path parameterization is chosen properly.
Retaining the extra-coordinate dependence in the metric, we show the
possibility of a cosmological variation in the rest masses of particles and a
consequent departure from four-dimensional geodesic motion by a geometric
force. In the examples given, we show that at late times it is possible for
particles traveling along 5D null geodesics to be in a frame consistent with
the induced matter scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40916 </DOCNO>
How to Describe Neutrino Mixing and CP Violation


  We present a classification of possible parametrizations of the 3x3 lepton
flavor mixing matrix in terms of the rotation and phase angles. A particular
parametrization, which is most convenient to describe the observables of
neutrino oscillations and that of the neutrinoless double beta decay, is
studied in detail. The possibility to determine the Dirac- and Majorana-type
CP-violating phases are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128568 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared [Fe II] emission from supernova remnants and the supernova


  In an effort to better calibrate the supernova rate of starburst galaxies as
determined from near-IR [Fe II] features, we report on a [Fe II] 1.644 microns
line-imaging survey of a sample of 42 optically-selected SNRs in M33. A wide
range of [Fe II] luminosities are observed within our sample (from less than 6
to 695 L_sun). Our data suggest that the bright [Fe II] SNRs are entering the
radiative phase and that the density of the local ISM largely controls the
amount of [Fe II] emission. We derive the following relation between the [Fe
II] 1.644 microns line luminosity of radiative SNRs and the electronic density
of the postshock gas, n_e: L_[Fe II] (L_sun) ~ 1.1 n_e (cm^-3). We also find a
correlation in our data between L_[Fe II] and the metallicity of the
shock-heated gas, but the physical interpretation of this result remains
inconclusive, as our data also show a correlation between the metallicity and
n_e. The dramatically higher level of [Fe II] emission from SNRs in the central
regions of starburst galaxies is most likely due to their dense environments,
although metallicity effects might also be important. The typical [Fe
II]-emitting lifetime of a SNR in the central regions of starburst galaxies is
found to be of the order of 10^4 yr. On the basis of these results, we provide
a new empirical relation allowing the determination of the current supernova
rate of starburst galaxies from their integrated near-IR [Fe II] luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6536 </DOCNO>
Disorder-induced zero-energy spectral singularity for random matrices


  A zero-energy mid-band singularity has been found in the energy spectrum of
random matrices with correlations between diagonal and off-diagonal elements
typical of vibrational problems. Two representative classes of matrices,
characterizing the instantaneous configurations in liquids and mechanically
unstable lattices (which mimic the former) have been analysed. At least for
disordered lattice models, the singularity is universal and its origin can be
explained within the mean-field treatment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41085 </DOCNO>
Heavy Flavour Production at HERA


  Recent measurements of Charm and Beauty production at HERA are described. The
charm results are well described by NLO QCD calculations with a somewhat better
description in the CCFM than in the DGLAP evolution schemes. However, the
Beauty results in both photoproduction and in deep inelastic scattering (DIS)
are poorly described by such calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167987 </DOCNO>
Causality, stability and passivity for a mirror in vacuum


  The mean force exerted upon a perfect mirror moving in vacuum in a two
dimensional spacetime has the same expression as the radiation reaction force
computed in classical electron theory. It follows that unacceptable runaway
solutions are predicted. We show that this instability problem does not appear
when partially transmitting mirrors are studied. The mechanical impedance
describing the mirror coupled to vacuum radiation pressure is computed
explicitly; recoil is neglected. It is found to be a passive function, so that
stability is ensured. This is connected to the fact that no energy can be
extracted from the vacuum state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125135 </DOCNO>
The Fanaroff-Riley Transition and the Optical Luminosity of the Host


  We show that a model for radio source dynamics we had earlier proposed can
readily reproduce the relationship between the radio power division separating
the two Fanaroff-Riley classes of extragalactic radio sources and the optical
luminosity of the host galaxy, as found by Owen and Ledlow (1994). In our
scenario, when less powerful jets eventually slow down to the point that the
advance of the working surface (i.e., hotspot) becomes subsonic with respect to
the external gas, the jet's collimation is severely weakened. This criterion
distinguishes the powerful and well collimated FR II sources from the weaker
sources producing the less collimated FR I type morphologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1400 </DOCNO>
Localized Random Lasing Modes and a New Path for Observing Localization


  We demonstrate that a knowledge of the density-of-states and the eigenstates
of a random system without gain, in conjunction with the frequency profile of
the gain, can accurately predict the mode that will lase first. Its critical
pumping rate can be also obtained. It is found that the shape of the
wavefunction of the random system remains unchanged as gain is introduced.
These results were obtained by the time-independent transfer matrix method and
finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) methods. They can be also analytically
understood by generalizing the semi-classical Lamb theory of lasing in random
systems. These findings provide a new path for observing the localization of
light, such as looking for mobility edge and studying the localized states.
%inside the random systems..

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97135 </DOCNO>
A new algorithm for the volume of a convex polytope


  We provide two algorithms for computing the volume of a convex polytope with
half-space representation {x>=0; Ax <=b} for some (m,n) matrix A and some
m-vector b. Both algorithms have a O(n^m) computational complexity which makes
them especially attractive for large n and relatively small m when the other
methods with O(m^n) complexity fail. The methodology which differs from
previous existing methods uses a Laplace transform technique that is
well-suited to the half-space representation of the polytope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97533 </DOCNO>
Hyperelliptic Solutions of Modified Korteweg-de Vries Equation of Genus


  Explicit hyperelliptic solutions of the modified Korteweg-de Vries equations
without any ambiguous parameters were constructed in terms only of the
hyperelliptic $\al$-functions over non-degenerated hyperelliptic curve $y^2 =
f(x)$ of arbitrary genus $g$. In the derivation, any $\theta$-functions or
Baker-Akhiezer functions were not essentially used. Then the Miura
transformation naturally appears as the connections between the hyperelliptic
$\wp$-functions and hyperelliptic $\al$-functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179632 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Ground State Observables and QCD Scaling in a Refined


  We present results obtained in the calculation of nuclear ground state
properties in relativistic Hartree approximation using a Lagrangian whose
QCD-scaled coupling constants are all natural (dimensionless and of order 1).
Our model consists of four-, six-, and eight-fermion point couplings (contact
interactions) together with derivative terms representing, respectively, two-,
three-, and four-body forces and the finite ranges of the corresponding mesonic
interactions. The coupling constants have been determined in a self-consistent
procedure that solves the model equations for representative nuclei
simultaneously in a generalized nonlinear least-squares adjustment algorithm.
The extracted coupling constants allow us to predict ground state properties of
a much larger set of even-even nuclei to good accuracy. The fact that the
extracted coupling constants are all natural leads to the conclusion that QCD
scaling and chiral symmetry apply to finite nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81318 </DOCNO>
Meson Spectral Functions at finite Temperature


  The Maximum Entropy Method provides a Bayesian approach to reconstruct the
spectral functions from discrete points in Euclidean time. The applicability of
the approach at finite temperature is probed with the thermal meson correlation
function. Furthermore the influence of fuzzing/smearing techniques on the
spectral shape is investigated. We present first results for meson spectral
functions at several temperatures below and above $T_c$. The correlation
functions were obtained from quenched calculations with Clover fermions on
large isotropic lattices of the size $(24-64)^3 \times 16$. We compare the
resulting pole masses with the ones obtained from standard 2-exponential fits
of spatial and temporal correlation functions at finite temperature and in the
vacuum. The deviation of the meson spectral functions from free spectral
functions is examined above the critical temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1744 </DOCNO>
Exchange-correlation kernels for excited states in solids


  The performance of several common approximations for the exchange-correlation
kernel within time-dependent density-functional theory is tested for elementary
excitations in the homogeneous electron gas. Although the adiabatic
local-density approximation gives a reasonably good account of the plasmon
dispersion, systematic errors are pointed out and traced to the neglect of the
wavevector dependence. Kernels optimized for atoms are found to perform poorly
in extended systems due to an incorrect behavior in the long-wavelength limit,
leading to quantitative deviations that significantly exceed the experimental
error bars for the plasmon dispersion in the alkali metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149979 </DOCNO>
D2-brane RR-charge on SU(2)


  We compute RR charges of D2-branes on a background with H-field which belongs
to a nontrivial cohomology class. We discover that the RR charge depends on the
configuration of the background `electric' RR field. This result explains the
ambiguity in the definition of the RR charge previously observed in the SU(2)
WZW model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125562 </DOCNO>
The Super Star Cluster NGC 1569-A Resolved on Sub-Parsec Scales with


  We present 3000--10000 Ang HST/STIS long-slit spectroscopy of the bright
super star cluster A (SSC-A) in the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 1569. The 0.05"
HST angular resolution allows, for the first time, to probe for spatial
variations in the stellar population of a ~ 10^6 M_sun SSC. Integrated
ground-based spectra of SSC-A have previously revealed young Wolf-Rayet (WR)
signatures that coexist with features from supposedly older, red supergiant
(RSG), populations. We find that the WR emission complexes come solely from the
subcluster A2, identified in previous HST imaging, and are absent from the main
cluster A1, thus resolving the question of whether the WR and RSG features
arise in a single or distinct clusters. The equivalent widths of the WR
features in A2 --- including the CIV 5808 complex which we detect in this
object for the first time --- are larger than previously observed in other WR
galaxies. Models with sub-solar metallicity, as inferred from the nebular
emission lines of this galaxy, predict much lower equivalent widths. On the
``clean'' side of A1, opposite to A2, we find no evidence for radial gradients
in the observed stellar population at 0.05"<R<0.40" (~0.5 to 5 pc), neither in
broad-band, low-resolution, spectra nor in medium-resolution spectra of the
infrared CaII triplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96751 </DOCNO>
Many-body scattering theory of electronic systems


  This work reviews recent advances in the analytical treatment of the
continuum spectrum of correlated few-body non-relativistic Coulomb systems. The
exactly solvable two-body problem serves as an introduction to the
non-separable three-particle system. For the latter case we discuss the
existence of an approximate separability of the long and the short-range
dynamics which is exposed in an appropriately chosen curvilinear coordinates.
  The three-body wave functions of the long-ranged part of the Hamiltonian are
derived and methods are presented to account approximately for the short-ranged
dynamics. Furthermore, we present a generalization of the methods employed for
the derivation of the three-body wave functions to the scattering states of $N$
charged particles.
  To deal with thermodynamic properties of finite systems we develop and
discuss a recent Green function methodology designed for the non-perturbative
regime.
  In addition, we give a brief account on how thermodynamic properties and
critical phenomena can be exposed in finite interacting systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83660 </DOCNO>
Market-Based Reinforcement Learning in Partially Observable Worlds


  Unlike traditional reinforcement learning (RL), market-based RL is in
principle applicable to worlds described by partially observable Markov
Decision Processes (POMDPs), where an agent needs to learn short-term memories
of relevant previous events in order to execute optimal actions. Most previous
work, however, has focused on reactive settings (MDPs) instead of POMDPs. Here
we reimplement a recent approach to market-based RL and for the first time
evaluate it in a toy POMDP setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179640 </DOCNO>
From Light Nuclei to Nuclear Matter. The Role of Relativity?


  The success of non-relativistic quantum dynamics in accounting for the
binding energies and spectra of light nuclei with masses up to A=10 raises the
question whether the same dynamics applied to infinite nuclear matter agrees
with the empirical saturation properties of large nuclei.The simple unambiguous
relation between few-nucleon and many-nucleon Hamiltonians is directly related
to the Galilean covariance of nonrelativistic dynamics. Relations between the
irreducible unitary representations of the Galilei and Poincare groups indicate
thatthe ``nonrelativistic'' nuclear Hamiltonians may provide sufficiently
accurate approximations to Poincare invariant mass operators. In relativistic
nuclear dynamics based on suitable Lagrangeans the intrinsic nucleon parity is
an explicit, dynamically relevant, degree of freedom and the emphasis is on
properties of nuclear matter. The success of this approach suggests the
question how it might account for the spectral properties of light nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74596 </DOCNO>
Predictions of the sign of \mu from supersymmetry breaking models


  The sign of the supersymmetric Higgs mass \mu is usually taken as an
independent input parameter in analyses of the supersymmetric standard model. I
study the role of theories of supersymmetry breaking in determining the sign of
\mu as an output. Models with vanishing soft scalar couplings at the apparent
gauge coupling unification scale are known to predict positive \mu. I
investigate more general results for the sign of \mu as a function of the
holomorphic soft scalar couplings, and compare to predictions of models with
gaugino mass dominance at higher scales. In a significant region of the
B_0/m_{1/2} versus A_0/m_{1/2} plane including A_0 = B_0 = 0, \mu must be
positive. In another region, \mu is definitely negative. Only in a smaller
intermediate region does knowledge of the supersymmetry breaking mechanism not
permit a definite prediction of the sign of \mu. The last region will shrink
considerably as the top quark mass becomes more accurately known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123868 </DOCNO>
Self-Similar Equilibria of Self-Gravitating, Magnetized, Rotating,


  The self-similar equilibrium models of self-gravitating, rotating, isothermal
systems are investigated analytically. In these models the rotation velocity is
constant and the density varies as $\frac{f(\theta, \phi)}{r^2}$, where $r$ and
$\theta$ are the spherical radius and the co-latitude, respectively. The
nonaxisymmetric solutions contain three free parameters, one of the parameters
depends on the rotation velocity. These parameters determine the overall shape
of the density distribution. By assuming that the dominant component of the
magnetic field is purely toroidal and the ratio of the purely toroidal magnetic
pressure to the gas pressure, $\alpha$, is spatially constant, the axisymmetric
solutions generalized so as the effect of magnetic field could be studied. We
find that the equilibria of axially symmetric systems yield ellipsoids or
spheres only when the ratio of rotation velocity to the sound speed is taken to
be $\sqrt{2\alpha}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74880 </DOCNO>
On the form factor of physical mesons and their distribution function


  This work addresses more to the technical rather than to the physical
problem, how to calculate analytically the form factor $F(Q)$, the associated
mean-square radius $<r^2>$, and the distribution function $\Phi(x,Q^2)$ for a
given light-cone wave function $\Psi_{q\bar q}(x,\vec k_{\perp})$ of the pion.
They turn out to be functions of only one dimensionless parameter, which is the
ratio of the constituent quark mass and an effective Bohr momentum which
measures the width of the wave function in momentum space. Both parameters are
subject to change in the future, when the presently used solution for the over
simplified $\uparrow\downarrow$-model will be replaced by something better.
Their relation to and agreement with experiment is discussed in detail.
  The procedure can be generalized also to other hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1226 </DOCNO>
High temporal stability of supercurrents in MgB(2) materials


  Fine grained polycrystalline samples of MgB(2) superconductor were
synthesized from the elements to contain < 5 % of impurity phases, according to
X-ray powder diffractometry. The superconductive transition was sharp with a
midpoint Tc = 38.5 K. The magnetization in the vortex state was studied as a
function of applied field H, temperature T, and time t. From the equilibrium
magnetization, the London penetration depth was obtained. The supercurrent
density J(T,H,t) in the vortex state (derived from the irreversible
magnetization) decreases approximately linearly with T, in contrast to the
quasi-exponential falloff in high-Tc superconductors. The current is highly
stable in time, with normalized decay rates S = -d ln(J)/d ln(t) well below
those in high-Tc materials. These results are compared with those of other
superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86476 </DOCNO>
Decoherent histories analysis of the relativistic particle


  The Klein-Gordon equation is a useful test arena for quantum cosmological
models described by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We use the decoherent
histories approach to quantum theory to obtain the probability that a free
relativistic particle crosses a section of spacelike surface. The decoherence
functional is constructed using path integral methods with initial states
attached using the (positive definite) ``induced'' inner product between
solutions to the constraint equation. The notion of crossing a spacelike
surface requires some attention, given that the paths in the path integral may
cross such a surface many times, but we show that first and last crossings are
in essence the only useful possibilities. Different possible results for the
probabilities are obtained, depending on how the relativistic particle is
quantized (using the Klein-Gordon equation, or its square root, with the
associated Newton-Wigner states). In the Klein-Gordon quantization, the
decoherence is only approximate, due to the fact that the paths in the path
integral may go backwards and forwards in time. We compare with the results
obtained using operators which commute with the constraint (the ``evolving
constants'' method).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97896 </DOCNO>
A note on a canonical dynamical r-matrix


  It is well known that a classical dynamical $r$-matrix can be associated with
every finite-dimensional self-dual Lie algebra $\G$ by the definition
$R(\omega):= f(\mathrm{ad} \omega)$, where $\omega\in \G$ and $f$ is the
holomorphic function given by $f(z)={1/2}\coth \frac{z}{2}-\frac{1}{z}$ for
$z\in \C\setminus 2\pi i \Z^*$. We present a new, direct proof of the statement
that this canonical $r$-matrix satisfies the modified classical dynamical
Yang-Baxter equation on $\G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127180 </DOCNO>
Probing the evolution of galaxies using redshifted H-alpha emission


  In this paper we review the present status and implications of H-alpha
surveys at various redshifts. With the advent of sensitive wide-format
near-infrared detectors on large telescopes, deep and extensive H-alpha surveys
are now feasible to redshift z~2.5. The cosmic star formation history can
therefore be traced out to this redshift using H-alpha alone, avoiding
complications arising from the comparison of different tracers at different
redshifts. The H-alpha surveys to date confirm the rapid increase in luminosity
density from z=0 out to z=1, and show that this increase flattens off at higher
redshifts, remaining approximately constant out to at least z~2.2. We also
discuss the prospects for determining the masses of high redshift galaxies
based on emission lines. A set of high-quality H-alpha rotation curves of
samples of disk galaxies at a number of different redshifts would allow a study
of the evolution of the Tully-Fisher relation and address fundamental issues in
disk galaxy formation. Such a program remains challenging even with present-day
large telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76641 </DOCNO>
The complementary roles of the LHC and the LC in discovering


  We address the complementarity of the CERN Large Hadron Collider and an $e^+
e^-$ Linear Collider in determining SUSY model parameters for a particular
SO(10) SUSY GUT case study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5121 </DOCNO>
Coexistence of Superconductivity and Spin Density Wave orderings in the


  The phase diagram of the organic superconductor (TMTSF)_2PF_6 has been
revisited using transport measurements with an improved control of the applied
pressure. We have found a 0.8 kbar wide pressure domain below the critical
point (9.43 kbar, 1.2 K) for the stabilisation of the superconducting ground
state featuring a coexistence regime between spin density wave (SDW) and
superconductivity (SC). The inhomogeneous character of the said pressure domain
is supported by the analysis of the resistivity between T_SDW and T_SC and the
superconducting critical current. The onset temperature T_SC is practically
constant (1.20+-0.01 K) in this region where only the SC/SDW domain proportion
below T_SC is increasing under pressure. An homogeneous superconducting state
is recovered above the critical pressure with T_SC falling at increasing
pressure. We propose a model comparing the free energy of a phase exhibiting a
segregation between SDW and SC domains and the free energy of homogeneous
phases which explains fairly well our experimental findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179718 </DOCNO>
Deuteron binding energies and form factors from light front field theory


  The objective of this paper is to investigate how the breaking of manifest
rotational invariance in light-front dynamics affects the binding energy and
the form factors of the deuteron. To do this, we derive new light-front
nucleon-nucleon one- and two-meson-exchange potentials, and use the potentials
to solve for the deuteron wave function and binding energy. We find that
including two-meson-exchange (TME) potentials partially repairs the broken
rotational invariance of the one-meson-exchange (OME) potential. This is shown
by a decrease in binding energy difference of different $m$ states of the
deuteron. We calculate the matrix elements of the electromagnetic current using
the deuteron wave functions obtained from the OME and OME+TME potentials.
Rotational invariance requires that the matrix elements satisfy an angular
condition, but in light-front dynamics that condition is only partially
satisfied. The current matrix elements from the OME calculation satisfy the
angular condition better than the ones from the OME+TME calculation. The matrix
elements of the axial current satisfy the angular condition to the same extent
regardless of which wave functions are used for the calculation. Finally, we
find that at momentum transfers greater than about 2 GeV$^2$, the breaking of
rotational invariance causes less uncertainty in the computed deuteron form
factors than do the uncertainties in the nucleon form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74448 </DOCNO>
Secondary Antiprotons in Cosmic Rays


  High energy collisions of cosmic ray (CR) nuclei with interstellar gas are
believed to be the mechanism producing the majority of CR antiprotons. The
distinguishing spectral shape with a maximum at 2 GeV and a sharp decrease
towards lower energies makes antiprotons a unique probe of the models of
particle propagation in the Galaxy and modulation in the heliosphere. Besides,
accurate calculation of the secondary antiproton flux provides a ``background''
for searches for exotic signals from the annihilation of supersymmetric
particles and primordial black hole evaporation. Recently new data with large
statistics on the antiproton flux have become available which allow for such
tests to be performed. We use our 3D Galactic cosmic ray propagation code
GALPROP to calculate interstellar propagation in several models. For our best
model we make predictions of proton and antiproton fluxes near the Earth for
different modulation levels and polarity using a steady-state drift model for
heliospheric modulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74935 </DOCNO>
Primordial space-time foam as an origin of cosmological


  The possibility is raised that the observed cosmological matter-antimatter
asymmetry may reside in asymmetric space-time fluctuations and their interplay
with the St\"ckelberg-Feynman interpretation of antimatter. The presented
thesis also suggests that the effect of space-time fluctuations is to diminish
the fine structure constant in the past. Recent studies of the QSO absorption
lines provide a 4.1 standard deviation support for this prediction. Our
considerations suggest that in the presence of space-time fluctuations, the
principle of local gauge invariance, and the related notion of parallel
transport, must undergo fundamental changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41520 </DOCNO>
Which solar neutrino experiment after KamLAND and Borexino?


  We estimate how well we will know the parameters of solar neutrino
oscillations after KamLAND and Borexino. The expected error on Delta m^2 is few
per-mille in the VO and QVO regions, few per-cent in the LMA region, and around
10% in the LOW region. The expected error on sin^2 2theta is around 5%. KamLAND
and Borexino will tell unambiguously which specific new measurement, dedicated
to pp solar neutrinos, is able to contribute to the determination of theta and
perhaps of Delta m^2. The present data suggest as more likely outcomes: no
measurement, or the total pp rate, or its day/night variation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74967 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity Ratios and the Confinement Mechanism


  I review theoretical and experimental challenges in studies of the ratio of
multiplicities in quark and gluon jets, and its relevance for our understanding
of hadronization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86379 </DOCNO>
Coproduct and star product in field theories on Lie-algebra


  We propose a new approach to field theory on $\kappa$-Minkowski
non-commutative space-time, a popular example of Lie-algebra space-time. Our
proposal is essentially based on the introduction of a star product, a
technique which is proving to be very fruitful in analogous studies of
canonical non-commutative space-times, such as the ones recently found to play
a role in the description of certain string-theory backgrounds. We find to be
incorrect the expectation, previously reported in the literature, that the lack
of symmetry of the $\kappa$-Poincare' coproduct should lead to interaction
vertices that are not symmetric under exchanges of the momenta of identical
particles entering the relevant processes. We show that in $\kappa$-Minkowski
the coproduct and the star product must indeed treat momenta in a non-symmetric
way, but the overall structure of interaction vertices is symmetric under
exchange of identical particles. We also show that in $\kappa$-Minkowski field
theories it is convenient to introduce the concepts of "planar" and
"non-planar" Feynman loop-diagrams, again in close analogy with the
corresponding concepts previously introduced in the study of field theories in
canonical non-commutative space-times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4493 </DOCNO>
Structural and electronic properties of an azamacrocycle, C26H18N6


  We compute the structure of an azamacrocycle, C26H18N6. Two approximatively
planar elliptical structures with C2 or CI symmetry are found to be nearly
degenerate. The roughly circular conformation observed in metal complexes turns
out to be ~ 0.6 eV higher in energy. We suggest that this difference is mainly
due to electrostatic interactions. We discuss the results on various levels of
theory (Hartree-Fock, local density and gradient corrected density functional
calculations).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75273 </DOCNO>
Effects of lepton number violating interactions on $t \bar t$ production


  We discuss the effects of lepton number violating interactions namely,
R-parity violation and leptoquarks on top quark pair production at the upcoming
$e^+ e^-$ linear colliders. Effects of SU(2) singlet, doublet and triplet
leptoquark interactions are investigated. R-parity violating minimal
supersymmetric standard model also allows certain kinds of lepton number
violating interactions which are same as singlet leptoquarks with left-handed
interactions. We have calculated the cross-section of $e^+ e^- \to t \bar t$ in
presence of the above interactions. With conservative values of lepton number
violating coupling strengths we got enhancement of top-pair production
cross-section in all of the above cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124142 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of Molecular Gas in the Nucleus of NGC1068, from H2 line


  We present results about the distribution and kinematics of the molecular
environment of the AGN in NGC1068, over a 1.5'' x 3.5'' region around the
central engine in NGC1068, derived from H2 line emission detected with ISAAC at
VLT/ANTU on ESO/Paranal. The H2 emitting molecular gas is found to be
distributed along the East-West direction and with two main peak emission
(knots) located at a distance of about 70 pc from the central engine. The
eastern H2 knot is more intense than the western one. The line profiles mapped
across the entire 1.5'' x 3.5'' region, at a spatial resolution of 0.3'' x
0.45'', appear to be quite complex with either a blue or red wing. At first
order, we find a velocity difference of 140 km/s between the two knots; if
interpreted as quasi-keplerian velocity, this implies a central enclosed mass
of 10^8 solar masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4398 </DOCNO>
Human behavior as origin of traffic phases


  It is shown that the desire for smooth and comfortable driving is directly
responsible for the occurrence of complex spatio-temporal structures
(``synchronized traffic'') in highway traffic. This desire goes beyond the
avoidance of accidents which so far has been the main focus of microscopic
modeling and which is mainly responsible for the other two phases observed
empirically, free flow and wide moving jams. These features have been
incorporated into a microscopic model based on stochastic cellular automata and
the results of computer simulations are compared with empirical data. The
simple structure of the model allows for very fast implementations of realistic
networks. The level of agreement with the empirical findings opens new
perspectives for reliable traffic forecasts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86609 </DOCNO>
Local contribution of a quantum condensate to the vacuum energy density


  We evaluate the local contribution g_{mu nu}L of coherent matter with
lagrangian density L to the vacuum energy density. Focusing on the case of
superconductors obeying the Ginzburg-Landau equation, we express the
relativistic invariant density L in terms of low-energy quantities containing
the pairs density. We discuss under which physical conditions the sign of the
local contribution of the collective wave function to the vacuum energy density
is positive or negative. Effects of this kind can play an important role in
bringing about local changes in the amplitude of gravitational vacuum
fluctuations - a phenomenon reminiscent of the Casimir effect in QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7462 </DOCNO>
Kerr constant of vesicle-like droplets


  The Kerr effect on vesicle-like droplets is described. We give a simple
derivation of the Kerr constant for a dielectric fluid droplet immersed in
another fluid, assuming that the droplet in an electric field becomes a prolate
ellipsoid. The Kerr constant is evaluated also for a droplet covered by a
membrane of finite thickness. The latter result differs significantly from the
result by E. van der Linden et al. [Physica A 156}, 130 (1989)]. Due to the
difference the bending rigidity constant of the surface layer extracted from
their experiments on droplet microemulsions should be increased about two
times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41415 </DOCNO>
Experimental Summary


  The experimental results presented at the XXXVI Rencontres de Moriond
Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories are summarized. The results range
from possible evidence for the Standard Model Higgs boson at LEP2 to searches
for new physics at LEP, the Tevatron and HERA, to precision electroweak and
weak decay measurements, and to the strong evidence for neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5850 </DOCNO>
Instanton Approach to Josephson Tunneling between Trapped Condensates


  An instanton method is proposed to investigate the quantum tunneling between
two weakly-linked Bose-Einstein condensates confined in double-well
potential traps. We point out some intrinsic pathologies in the earlier
treatments of other authors and make an effort to go beyond these very simple
zero order models. The tunneling amplitude may be calculated in the
Thomas-Fermi approximation and beyond it; we find it depends on the number of
the trapped atoms, through the chemical potential. Some suggestions are given
for the observation of the Josephson oscillation and the MQST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124921 </DOCNO>
Spectral variability in transonic discs around black holes


  Transonic discs with accretion rates relevant to intrinsically bright
Galactic X-ray sources ($L\approx 10^{38}$-$10^{39} {\rm erg s}^{-1}$) exhibit
a time dependent cyclic behaviour due to the onset of a thermal instability
driven by radiation pressure. In this paper we calculate radiation spectra
emitted from thermally-unstable discs to provide detailed theoretical
predictions for observationally relevant quantities. The emergent spectrum has
been obtained by solving self-consistently the vertical structure and radiative
transfer in the disc atmosphere. We focus on four particular stages of the disc
evolution, the maximal evacuation stage and three intermediate stages during
the replenishment phase. The disc is found to undergo rather dramatic spectral
changes during the evolution, emitting mainly in the 1-10 keV band during
outburst and in the 0.1-1 keV band off-outburst. Local spectra, although
different in shape from a blackbody at the disc effective temperature, may be
characterized in terms of a hardening factor $f$. We have found that $f$ is
rather constant both in radius and in time, with a typical value $\sim 1.65$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113972 </DOCNO>
Induced long range dipole field enhanced antihydrogen formation in the


  We assume all interaction to be Coulombic and solve the modified Faddeev
equation for energies between the $Ps(n=2)$ and $\bar{H}(n=3)$, which involve
six and eight open channels. We find that 99% of the antihydrogen are formed in
$\bar{H}(n=2)$. Just above the $Ps(n=2)$ threshold the S, P, and D partial
waves contribute more than 4000 square Bohr radii near the maximum. Evidences
indicate that the induced long range dipole potential from the degenerate
$Ps(n=2)$ targets is responsible for such a large antihydrogen formation cross
section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96615 </DOCNO>
The world sheet revisited


  We investigate the mathematical structure of the world sheet in
two-dimensional conformal field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1190 </DOCNO>
Non-Equilibrium Quantum Interference in Metallic Mesoscopic Systems


  We study the influence of a DC bias voltage V on quantum interference
corrections to the measured differential conduction in mesoscopic wires and
rings. The amplitude of both universal conductance fluctuations (UCF) and
Aharonov-Bohm effect (ABE) is enhanced by several 100 % for voltages larger
than the Thouless energy. The enhancement persists even in the presence of
inelastic electron-electron scattering up to V ~ 1 mV. For larger voltages
electron-phonon collisions lead to the amplitude decaying as a power law for
the UCF and exponentially for the ABE. A quantitative description is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95524 </DOCNO>
Moore-Penrose inverse, parabolic subgroups, and Jordan pairs


  A Moore--Penrose inverse of an arbitrary complex matrix A is defined as a
unique matrix A' such that AA'A=A, A'AA'=A', and AA', A'A are Hermite matrices.
We show that this definition has a natural generalization in the context of
shortly graded simple Lie algebras corresponding to parabolic subgroups with
aura (abelian unipotent radical) in simple complex Lie groups, or equivalently
in the context of simple complex Jordan pairs. We give further generalizations
and applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1268 </DOCNO>
Bose Condensation and Temperature


  A quantitative analysis of the process of condensation of bosons both in
harmonic traps and in gases is made resorting to two ingredients only: Bose
classical distribution and spectral discretness. It is shown that in order to
take properly into account statistical correlations, temperature must be
defined from first principles, based on Shannon entropy, and turns out to be
equal to $\beta^{-1}$ only for $T > T_c$ where the usual results are recovered.
Below $T_c$ a new critical temperature $T_d$ is found, where the specific heat
exhibits a sharp spike, similar to the $\lambda$-peak of superfluidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96867 </DOCNO>
Deformation Quantization of Non Regular Orbits of Compact Lie Groups


  In this paper we construct a deformation quantization of the algebra of
polynomials of an arbitrary (regular and non regular) coadjoint orbit of a
compact semisimple Lie group. The deformed algebra is given as a quotient of
the enveloping algebra by a suitable ideal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148272 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Aspects of q-Deformed Dynamics


  Within the framework of the q-deformed Heisenberg algebra a dynamical
equation of q-deformed quantum mechanics is discussed. The perturbative aspects
of the q-deformed Schr\"odinger equation are analyzed. General representations
of the additional momentum-dependent interaction originating from the
q-deformed effects are presented in two approaches. As examples, such
additional interactions related to the harmonic-oscillator potential and the
Morse potential are demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127061 </DOCNO>
A natural explanation for periodic X-ray outbursts in Be/X-ray binaries


  When applied to Be/X-ray binaries, the viscous decretion disc model for Be
stars naturally predicts the truncation of the circumstellar disc. The distance
at which the circumstellar disc is truncated depends mainly on the orbital
parameters and the viscosity. In systems with low eccentricity, the disc is
expected to be truncated at the 3:1 resonance radius, for which the gap between
the disc outer radius and the critical lobe radius of the Be star is so wide
that, under normal conditions, the neutron star cannot accrete enough gas at
periastron passage to show Type I X-ray outbursts. These systems will display
only Type II X-ray outbursts. On the other hand, in systems with high orbital
eccentricity, the disc truncation occurs at a much higher resonance radius,
which is very close to or slightly beyond the critical lobe radius at
periastron unless the viscosity is very low. In these systems, disc truncation
cannot be efficient, allowing the neutron star to capture gas from the disc at
every periastron passage and display Type I outbursts regularly. In contrast to
the rather robust results for systems with low eccentricity and high
eccentricity, the result for systems with moderate eccentricity depends on
rather subtle details. Systems in which the disc is truncated in the vicinity
of the critical lobe will regularly display Type I outbursts, whereas those
with the disc significantly smaller than the critical lobe will show only Type
II outbursts under normal conditions and temporary Type I outbursts when the
disc is strongly disturbed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3459 </DOCNO>
Glauber slow dynamics of the magnetization in a molecular Ising chain


  The slow dynamics (10^-6 s - 10^4 s) of the magnetization in the paramagnetic
phase, predicted by Glauber for 1d Ising ferromagnets, has been observed with
ac susceptibility and SQUID magnetometry measurements in a molecular chain
comprising alternating Co{2+} spins and organic radical spins strongly
antiferromagnetically coupled. An Arrhenius behavior with activation energy
Delta=152 K has been observed for ten decades of relaxation time and found to
be consistent with the Glauber model. We have extended this model to take into
account the ferrimagnetic nature of the chain as well as its helicoidal
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41484 </DOCNO>
Additional studies of the anomalous $l+MET+2,3$ jet events observed by


  We present additional studies of the kinematics of the anomalous events
observed by the CDF experiment. These events contain a high-$p_T$ lepton, large
transverse missing energy ($\MET$), and 2 or 3 high-$E_T$ jets, one of which
contains both a displaced secondary vertex and a soft lepton. Previous articles
detailed the selection and the kinematic properties of these events. In the
present paper, we use several phenomenological approaches to model these data
and to estimate their production cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127835 </DOCNO>
Detection of Infall Signatures Towards Serpens SMM4


  We present the detection of kinematic infall signatures towards the Class 0
protostellar system SMM4 in the Serpens cloud core. We have observed the dense
molecular gas towards the embedded source using millimeter and submillimeter
line transitions of density sensitive molecular tracers. High signal-to-noise
ratio maps obtained in HCO+ J=1-0, J=3-2, and J=4-3, and CS J=2-1 show the
blue-bulge infall signature. The blue-bulge infall signature can be observed in
the centroid velocity maps of protostellar objects when infall dominates over
rotation. The line profiles of HCO+ and CS exhibit the characteristic blue
asymmetric line profile signature consistent with infall. In addition, HCO+ and
CS optical depth profiles obtained using isotopic observations show a red
asymmetry also consistent with an infall interpretation. Using
three-dimensional radiative transfer models based on the rotating, collapse
model of Terebey, Shu and Cassen, we derive infall parameters of the source. To
determine the direction and orientation of molecular outflows in the larger
Serpens cluster, wide-field mapping of CO J=1-0 emission was also performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40811 </DOCNO>
Precise Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment


  A precise measurement of the anomalous g value, a_mu=(g-2)/2, for the
positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron.
The result a_mu^+=11 659 202(14)(6) X 10^{-10} (1.3 ppm) is in good agreement
with previous measurements and has an error one third that of the combined
previous data. The current theoretical value from the standard model is
a_mu(SM)=11 659 159.6(6.7) X 10^{-10} (0.57 ppm) and a_mu(exp)-a_mu(SM)=43(16)
X 10^{-10} in which a_mu(exp) is the world average experimental value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41282 </DOCNO>
Higgs Radiation off Top Quarks at the Tevatron and the LHC


  Higgs bosons can be searched for in the channels $p\bar p/pp\to t\bar tH+X$
at the Tevatron and the LHC. We have calculated the QCD corrections to these
processes in the Standard Model at next-to-leading order. The higher-order
corrections reduce the renormalization and factorization scale dependence
considerably and stabilize the theoretical predictions for the cross sections.
At the central scale $\mu=(2m_t+M_H)/2$ the properly defined $K$ factors are
slightly below unity for the Tevatron ($K \sim 0.8$) and slightly above unity
for the LHC ($K \sim 1.2$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76096 </DOCNO>
Dashen's Phenomenon in Gauge Theories with Spontaneously Broken Chiral


  We examine Dashen's phenomenon in the Leutwyler--Smilga regime of QCD with
any number of colors and quarks in either the fundamental or adjoint
representations of the gauge group. In this limit, the theories only depend on
simple combinations of quark masses, volume, chiral condensate and vacuum
angle. Based upon this observation, we derive simple expressions for the chiral
condensate and the topological density and show that they are in fact related.
By examining the zeros of the various partition functions, we elucidate the
mechanism leading to Dashen's phenomena in QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 749 </DOCNO>
Light scattering from a degenerate quasi-onedimensional confined gas of


  We evaluate the scattering functions of a gas of spin-polarized,
non-interacting fermions confined in a quasi-onedimensional harmonic trap at
zero temperature. The main focus is on the inelastic scattering spectrum and on
the angular distribution of scattered light from a mesoscopic atomic cloud as
probes of its discrete quantum levels and of its shell structure in this
restricted geometry. The dynamic structure factor is calculated and compared
with the results of a local-density approximation exploiting the spectrum of a
one-dimensional homogeneous Fermi gas. The elastic and inelastic contributions
to the static structure factor are separately evaluated: the inelastic term
becomes dominant as the momentum transfer increases, masking a small peak at
twice the Fermi momentum in the elastic term but still reflecting the discrete
quantum levels of the cloud. A fast and accurate numerical method is developed
to evaluate the full pair distribution function for mesoscopic inhomogeneous
clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168875 </DOCNO>
A comparison of the entanglement measures negativity and concurrence


  In this paper we investigate two different entanglement measures in the case
of mixed states of two qubits. We prove that the negativity of a state can
never exceed its concurrence and is always larger then
$\sqrt{(1-C)^2+C^2}-(1-C)$ where $C$ is the concurrence of the state.
Furthermore we derive an explicit expression for the states for which the upper
or lower bound is satisfied. Finally we show that similar results hold if the
relative entropy of entanglement and the entanglement of formation are
compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128158 </DOCNO>
Chromospheric activity, lithium and radial velocities of single


  We present here high resolution echelle spectra taken during three observing
runs of 14 single late-type stars identified in our previous studies (Montes et
al. 2001b, hereafter Paper I) as possible members of different young stellar
kinematic groups (Local Association (20 - 150 Myr), Ursa Major group (300 Myr),
 Hyades supercluster (600 Myr), and IC 2391 supercluster (35 Myr)). Radial
velocities have been determined by cross correlation with radial velocity
standard stars and used together with precise measurements of proper motions
and parallaxes taken from Hipparcos and Tycho-2 Catalogues, to calculate
Galactic space motions (U, V, W) and to apply Eggen's kinematic criteria. The
chromospheric activity level of these stars have been analysed using the
information provided for several optical spectroscopic features (from the Ca II
H & K to Ca II IRT lines) that are formed at different heights in the
chromosphere. The Li I 6707.8 AA line equivalent width (EW) has been determined
and compared in the EW(Li I) versus spectral type diagram with the EW(Li I) of
stars members of well known young open clusters of different ages, in order to
obtain an age estimation. All these data allow us to analyse in more detail the
membership of these stars in the different young stellar kinematic groups.
Using both kinematic and spectroscopic criteria we have confirmed PW And, V368
Cep, V383 Lac, EP Eri, DX Leo, HD 77407, and EK Dra as members of the Local
Association and V834 Tau, pi^{1} UMa, and GJ 503.2 as members of the Ursa Major
group. A clear rotation-activity dependence has been found in these stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126102 </DOCNO>
New neighbours. III. 13 new companions to nearby dwarfs, discovered with


  We present some results of a CFHT adaptive optics search for companions to
nearby dwarfs. We identify 13 new components in solar neighbourhood systems, of
which 6 belong to a volume-limited sample of M dwarfs within 12 pc. We are
obtaining complete observations for this subsample, to derive unbiased
multiplicity statistics for the very-low-mass disk population. We additionally
resolve for the first time 5 known spectroscopic or astrometric binaries, for a
total of 18 newly resolved companions. A fair number of the new binaries has
short enough estimated periods to offer good prospects for accurate mass
determinations.
  The newly resolved companion of Gl~120.1C had an apparent spectroscopic
minimum mass in the brown-dwarf range (Duquennoy and Mayor, 1991), and it
contributed to the statistical evidence that a few percent of solar type stars
might have brown-dwarf companions. We find that Gl~120.1C actually is an
unrecognised double-lined spectroscopic pair, whose radial-velocity amplitude
had been strongly underestimated by Duquennoy & Mayor (1991). It therefore does
not truly belong to their sample of single-lined systems with minimum
spectroscopic mass below the substellar limit.
  We also present the first direct detection of Gl 494B, an astrometric
brown-dwarf candidate. Its luminosity does straddle the substellar limit, and
it is a brown dwarf if its age is less than 300 Myr. A few more years of
observations will ascertain its status from first principles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124541 </DOCNO>
The evolution of the galaxy distribution


  We follow the evolution of the galaxy population in a Lambda-CDM cosmology by
means of high-resolution N-body simulations in which the formation of galaxies
and their observable properties are calculated using a semi-analytic model. We
display images of the spatial distribution of galaxies in the simulations that
illustrate its evolution and provide a qualitative understanding of the
processes responsible for various biases that develop. We consider three
specific statistical measures of clustering at z=1 and z=0: the correlation
length (in real- and redshift-space) of galaxies of different luminosity, the
morphology-density relation and the genus curve of the topology of galaxy
isodensity surfaces. For galaxies with luminosity below L*, the z=0 correlation
length depends very little on the luminosity of the sample, but for brighter
galaxies it increases very rapidly, reaching values in excess of 10Mpc/h. The
"accelerated" dynamical evolution experienced by galaxies in rich clusters,
which is partly responsible for this effect, also results in a strong
morphology-density relation. Remarkably, this relation is already
well-established at z=1. The genus curves of the galaxies are significantly
different from the genus curves of the dark matter but this is not due to
genuine topological differences but rather to the sparse sampling of the
density field provided by galaxies. The predictions of our model at z=0 will be
tested by forthcoming data from the 2dF and Sloan galaxy surveys, and those at
z=1 by the DEEP and VIRMOS surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6514 </DOCNO>
Interlayer exchange coupling and giant magnetoresistance in Fe/V (001)


  Magnetization and magnetoresistivity studies of Fe/V (001) superlattices are
reported. The first giant magnetoresistance peak with respect to the vanadium
and iron layer thicknesses is investigated. The interlayer antiferromagnetic
coupling strength is found to show a peak at a vanadium layer thickness of
 13 atomic monolayers ($\approx$ 20 \AA) with a full width at half maximum of
about 2 monolayers. The antiferromagnetic coupling shows a maximum at an iron
layer thickness of about 6 monolayers ($\approx$ 9 \AA) for series of
superlattices with vanadium thicknesses around 13 monolayers. The magnitude of
the giant magnetoresistance shows a similar variation as the antiferromagnetic
coupling strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179222 </DOCNO>
Sound modes in hot nuclear matter


  The propagation of the isoscalar and isovector sound modes in a hot nuclear
matter is considered. The approach is based on the collisional kinetic theory
and takes into account the temperature and memory effects. It is shown that the
sound velocity and the attenuation coefficient are significantly influenced by
the Fermi surface distortion (FSD). The corresponding influence is much
stronger for the isoscalar mode than for the isovector one. The memory effects
cause a non-monotonous behavior of the attenuation coefficient as a function of
the relaxation time leading to a zero-to-first sound transition with increasing
temperature. The mixing of both the isoscalar and the isovector sound modes in
an asymmetric nuclear matter is evaluated. The condition for the bulk
instability and the instability growth rate in the presence of the memory
effects is studied. It is shown that both the FSD and the relaxation processes
lead to a shift of the maximum of the instability growth rate to the longer
wave length region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77004 </DOCNO>
Lorentz invariance with an invariant energy scale


  We propose a modification of special relativity in which a physical energy,
which may be the Planck energy, joins the speed of light as an invariant, in
spite of a complete relativity of inertial frames and agreement with Einstein's
theory at low energies. This is accomplished by a non-linear modification of
the action of the Lorentz group on momentum space, generated by adding a
dilatation to each boost in such a way that the Planck energy remains
invariant. The associated algebra has unmodified structure constants, and we
highlight the similarities between the group action found and a transformation
previously proposed by Fock. We also discuss the resulting modifications of
field theory and suggest a modification of the equivalence principle which
determines how the new theory is embedded in general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126170 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Cosmic Quintessence and Quintessential Inflation


  Recently, attempts have been made to understand the apparent near coincidence
of the present dark energy and matter energy in terms of a dynamical
attractor-like solution for the evolution of a scalar field. In these models
the field couples with the dominant constituent and only acts like a
cosmological constant after the onset of the matter-diminated epoch. A generic
feature of such solutions, however, is the possibility of significant energy
density in the scalar field during the radiation-dominated epoch. This
possibility is even greater if the quintessence field begins in a
kinetic-dominated regime generated at the end of quintessential inflation. As
such, these models can affect and be constrained by primordial nucleosynthesis
and the epoch of of photon decoupling. Here, we analyze one popular form of the
quintessence field (with and without a supergravity correction) and quantify
constraints on the allowed initial conditions and parameters for the effective
potential. We also deduce constraints on the epoch of matter creation at the
end of quintessential inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87236 </DOCNO>
Spinors and Space-Time Anisotropy


  This is the first monograph on the geometry of anisotropic spinor spaces and
its applications in modern physics. The main subjects are the theory of gravity
and matter fields in spaces provided with off--diagonal metrics and associated
anholonomic frames and nonlinear connection structures, the algebra and
geometry of distinguished anisotropic Clifford and spinor spaces, their
extension to spaces of higher order anisotropy and the geometry of gravity and
gauge theories with anisotropic spinor variables. The book summarizes the
authors' results and can be also considered as a pedagogical survey on the
mentioned subjects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83805 </DOCNO>
Boosting Trees for Anti-Spam Email Filtering


  This paper describes a set of comparative experiments for the problem of
automatically filtering unwanted electronic mail messages. Several variants of
the AdaBoost algorithm with confidence-rated predictions [Schapire & Singer,
99] have been applied, which differ in the complexity of the base learners
considered. Two main conclusions can be drawn from our experiments: a) The
boosting-based methods clearly outperform the baseline learning algorithms
(Naive Bayes and Induction of Decision Trees) on the PU1 corpus, achieving very
high levels of the F1 measure; b) Increasing the complexity of the base
learners allows to obtain better ``high-precision'' classifiers, which is a
very important issue when misclassification costs are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41050 </DOCNO>
Electroproduction of the $\Lambda(1520)$ hyperon


  The reaction $ep \to e'K^+\Lambda(1520)$ with $\Lambda(1520) \to p'K^-$ was
studied at electron beam energies of 4.05, 4.25, and 4.46 GeV, using the CLAS
detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The
cos$\theta_{K^+}$, $\phi_{K^+}$, $Q^2$, and $W$ dependencies of $\Lambda$(1520)
electroproduction are presented for the kinematic region 0.9 $<$ $Q^2$ $<$ 2.4
GeV$^2$ and 1.95 $<$ $W$ $<$ 2.65 GeV. Also, the $Q^2$ dependence of the
$\Lambda$(1520) decay angular distribution is presented for the first time. The
cos$\theta_{K^+}$ angular distributions suggest {\it t}-channel diagrams
dominate the production process. Fits to the $\Lambda$(1520) {\it t}-channel
helicity frame decay angular distributions indicate the $m_{z}=\pm{1/2}$
parentage accounts for about 60% of the total yield, which suggests this
reaction has a significant contribution from {\it t}-channel processes with
either K$^+$ exchange or longitudinal coupling to an exchanged K$^*$. The $Q^2$
dependence of the $\Lambda$(1520) production cross section is the same as that
observed for $\Lambda$(1116) photo- and electroproduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98299 </DOCNO>
Invariant Stein domains in Stein symmetric spaces and a non-linear


  We prove a complex version of Kostant's non-linear convexity theorem.
Applications to the construction of G-invariant Grauert tubes of non-compact
Riemannian symmetric G/K spaces are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125123 </DOCNO>
An inner ring and the micro lensing toward the Bulge


  All current Bulge-Disk models for the inner Galaxy fall short of reproducing
self-consistently the observed micro-lensing optical depth by a factor of two
($> 2\sigma$). We show that the least mass-consuming way to increase the
optical depth is to add density roughly half-way the observer and the highest
micro-lensing-source density. We present evidence for the existence of such a
density structure in the Galaxy: an inner ring, a standard feature of barred
galaxies. Judging from data on similar rings in external galaxies, an inner
ring can contribute more than 50% of a pure Bulge-Disk model to the
micro-lensing optical depth. We may thus eliminate the need for a small
viewing angle of the Bar. The influence of an inner ring on the event-duration
distribution, for realistic viewing angles, would be to increase the fraction
of long-duration events toward Baade's window. The longest events are expected
toward the negative-longitude tangent point at $\ell\sim$ -22\degr . A
properly sampled event-duration distribution toward this tangent point would
provide essential information about viewing angle and elongation of the
over-all density distribution in the inner Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86637 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic symmetries on Killing horizons


  We investigate asymptotic symmetries regularly defined on spherically
symmetric Killing horizons in the Einstein theory with or without the
cosmological constant. Those asymptotic symmetries are described by asymptotic
Killing vectors, along which the Lie derivatives of perturbed metrics vanish on
a Killing horizon. We derive the general form of asymptotic Killing vectors and
find that the group of the asymptotic symmetries consists of rigid O(3)
rotations of a horizon two-sphere and supertranslations along the null
direction on the horizon, which depend arbitrarily on the null coordinate as
well as the angular coordinates. By introducing the notion of asymptotic
Killing horizons, we also show that local properties of Killing horizons are
preserved under not only diffeomorphisms but also non-trivial transformations
generated by the asymptotic symmetry group. Although the asymptotic symmetry
group contains the $\mathit{Diff}(S^1)$ subgroup, which results from the
supertranslations dependent only on the null coordinate, it is shown that the
Poisson bracket algebra of the conserved charges conjugate to asymptotic
Killing vectors does not acquire non-trivial central charges. Finally, by
considering extended symmetries, we discuss that unnatural reduction of the
symmetry group is necessary in order to obtain the Virasoro algebra with
non-trivial central charges, which will not be justified when we respect the
spherical symmetry of Killing horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97359 </DOCNO>
Canonical splittings of groups and 3-manifolds


  We introduce the notion of a `canonical' splitting over Z or ZxZ for a
finitely generated group G. We show that when G happens to be the fundamental
group of an orientable Haken manifold M with incompressible boundary, then the
decomposition of the group naturally obtained from canonical splittings is
closely related to the one given by the standard JSJ-decomposition of M. This
leads to a new proof of Johannson's Deformation Theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98967 </DOCNO>
Two parameter deformation of Grassmann matrix group and supergroup


  The two parameter quantum deformation of 2x2 Grassmann matrices, Gr(2), and
supermatrices, Gr$(1| 1)$, are presented. Gr(2) whose matrix elements are all
Grassmannian variables is called the superdual of the genel linear group GL(2),
and Gr$(1| 1)$ whose diagonal matrix elements are Grassmannian variables is
called the superdual of the supergroup GL$(1| 1)$ whose nondiagonal elements
are Grassmannian. Noncentral dual superdeterminant for Grassmann supermatrices
belonging to Gr$_{p,q}(1| 1)$ is constructed. As with the 2x2 quantum matrices,
the relations satisfied by the matrix elements of the Grassmann matrices are
expressed in terms of an $\hat{R}$-matrix. The properties of $n$th power of a
Grassmann supermatrix are given as an Appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96472 </DOCNO>
Hodge equations with change of type


  A geometric interpretation is given for certain elliptic-hyperbolic systems
in the plane. Among several examples, one which reduces in the elliptic region
to the equations for harmonic 1-forms on the projective disc is studied in
detail. A boundary-value problem for this example is formulated and is shown to
possess weak solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97924 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional Finsler metrics of constant curvature


  A Riemannian metric is of constant curvature if and only if it is locally
projectively flat. There are infinitely many locally projectively flat Finsler
metrics of constant curvature, that are special solutions to the Hilbert's
Fourth Problem.
  In this paper, we use the technique in the paper titled "Finsler metrics with
K=0 and S=0" (math.DG/0109060) to construct infinitely many Finsler metrics on
the 2-sphere with constant curvature K=1 and infinitely many Finsler metrics on
the 2-disk with constant curvature K = -1. These metrics are not projectively
flat. So far, the classification of Finsler metrics of constant curvature has
not been completely done yet. These examples are important to the
classification problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98118 </DOCNO>
Shock-capturing with natural high frequency oscillations


  This paper explores the potential of a newly developed conjugate filter
oscillation reduction (CFOR) scheme for shock-capturing under the influence of
natural high-frequency oscillations. The conjugate low-pass and high-pass
filters are constructed based on the principle of the discrete singular
convolution. Two Euler systems, the advection of an isentropy vortex flow and
the interaction of shock-entropy wave are considered to demonstrate the utility
of the CFOR scheme. Computational accuracy and order of approximation are
examined and compared with the literature. Some of the best numerical results
are obtained for the shock-entropy wave interaction. Numerical experiments
indicate that the proposed scheme is stable, conservative and reliable for the
numerical simulation of hyperbolic conservation laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1359 </DOCNO>
Stochastic resonance induced by random fields in ferroelectrics


  We propose a mechanism of stochastic resonance induced by spatial noise
(electric random fields) in ferroelectrics. The calculations demonstrate the
characteristic of the stochastic resonance: certain random field can increase
the susceptibility, the phonon occupancy, and the overcooled temperature. This
mechanics of stochastic resonance may be general in other disordered systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168500 </DOCNO>
Characteristic times in one dimensional scattering


  This chapter reviews several quantities that have been proposed in scattering
theory to characterize the temporal aspects of one dimensional collisions: the
dwell time, the delay time, the decay time, and times characterizing transient
effects or the attainment of stationary conditions. Some aspects of tunnelling
times are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3204 </DOCNO>
Acoustic and relaxation processes in supercooled o-ter-phenyl by


  The dynamics of the fragile glass-forming o-ter-phenyl is investigated by
time-resolved transient grating experiment with an heterodyne detection
technique in a wide temperature range. We investigated the dynamics processes
of this glass-former over more then 6 decades in time with an excellent
signal/noise. Acoustic, structural and thermal relaxations have been clearly
identify and measured in a time-frequency window not covered by previous
spectroscopic investigations. A detailed comparison with the density response
function, calculated on the basis of generalized hydrodynamics model, has been
worked out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126616 </DOCNO>
The Angular Power Spectrum of Galaxies from Early SDSS Data


  We compute the angular power spectrum C_l from 1.5 million galaxies in early
SDSS data on large angular scales, l<600. The data set covers about 160 square
degrees, with a characteristic depth of order 1 Gpc/h in the faintest (21<r<22)
of our four magnitude bins. Cosmological interpretations of these results are
presented in a companion paper by Dodelson et al (2001). The data in all four
magnitude bins are consistent with a simple flat ``concordance'' model with
nonlinear evolution and linear bias factors of order unity. Nonlinear evolution
is particularly evident for the brightest galaxies. A series of tests suggest
that systematic errors related to seeing, reddening, etc., are negligible,
which bodes well for the sixtyfold larger sample that the SDSS is currently
collecting. Uncorrelated error bars and well-behaved window functions make our
measurements a convenient starting point for cosmological model fitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127989 </DOCNO>
Modelling surface magnetic field evolution on AB Doradus due to


  From Zeeman Doppler images of the young, rapidly-rotating K0 dwarf AB
Doradus, we have created a potential approximation to the observed radial
magnetic field and have evolved it over 30 days due to the observed surface
differential rotation, meridional flow and various diffusion rates. Assuming
that the dark polar cap seen in Doppler images of this star is caused by the
presence of a unipolar field, we have shown that the observed differential
rotation will shear this field to produce the observed high-latitude band of
unidirectional azimuthal field. By cross-correlating the evolved fields each
day with the initial field we have followed the decay with time of the
cross-correlation function. Over 30 days it decays by only 10 percent. This
contrasts with the results of Barnes et al (1998), who show that on this
timescale the spot distribution of He699 is uncorrelated. We propose that this
is due to the effects of flux emergence changing the spot distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129692 </DOCNO>
Polarization of resonance X-ray lines from clusters of galaxies


  As is known, resonant scattering can distort the surface-brightness profiles
of clusters of galaxies in X-ray lines. We demonstrate that the scattered line
emission should be polarized and possibly detectable with near-future X-ray
polarimeters. Spectrally-resolved mapping of a galaxy cluster in polarized
X-rays could provide valuable independent information on the physical
conditions, in particular element abundances and the characteristic velocity of
small-scale turbulent motions, in the intracluster gas. The expected degree of
polarization is of the order of 10% for richest regular clusters (e.g. Coma)
and clusters whose X-ray emission is dominated by a central cooling flow (e.g.
Perseus or M87/Virgo).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73024 </DOCNO>
Defect Formation Rates in Cosmological First-Order Phase Transitions


  In cosmological first-order phase transitions, the progress of true-vacuum
bubbles is expected to be significantly retarded by the interaction between the
bubble wall and the hot plasma. It has been claimed that this leads to a
significant reduction in the number of topological defects formed per bubble,
as a result of phase equilibration between bubbles. This claim has been
verified for spontaneously-broken global symmetries. We perform a series of
simulations of complete phase transitions in the 2+1-dimensional U(1)-Abelian
Higgs model, for a range of bubble wall velocities, in order to obtain a
quantitative measure of the effect of bubble wall speed on the number density
of topological defects. We find that the number of defects formed is i)
significantly lower in the local than the global case and ii) decreases
exponentially as a function of wall velocity. Slow-moving bubbles also lead,
however, to the nucleation of more bubbles before the phase transition is
complete. Our simulations show that this is in fact the dominant effect, and so
we predict {\em more} defects per unit volume as a result of the sub-luminal
bubble wall terminal velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98897 </DOCNO>
Critical Thresholds in Euler-Poisson Equations


  We present a preliminary study of a new phenomena associated with the
Euler-Poisson equations -- the so called critical threshold phenomena, where
the answer to questions of global smoothness vs. finite time breakdown depends
on whether the initial configuration crosses an intrinsic, ${O}(1)$ critical
threshold.
  We investigate a class of Euler-Poisson equations, ranging from
one-dimensional problem with or without various forcing mechanisms to
multi-dimensional isotropic models with geometrical symmetry. These models are
shown to admit a critical threshold which is reminiscent of the conditional
breakdown of waves on the beach; only waves above certain initial critical
threshold experience finite-time breakdown, but otherwise they propagate
smoothly. At the same time,the asymptotic long time behavior of the solutions
remains the same, independent of crossing these initial thresholds.
  A case in point is the simple one-dimensional problem where the unforced
inviscid Burgers' solution always forms a shock discontinuity except for the
non-generic case of increasing initial profile, $u_0' \geq 0$. In contrast, we
show that the corresponding one dimensional Euler-Poisson equation with zero
background has global smooth solutions as long as its initial $(\rho_0,u_0)$-
configuration satisfies $u_0'\geq -\sqrt{2k\rho_0}$, allowing a finite,
critical negative velocity gradient. As is typical for such nonlinear
convection problems one is led to a Ricatti equation which is balanced here by
a forcing acting as a 'nonlinear resonance', and which in turn is responsible
for this critical threshold phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74896 </DOCNO>
Sudakov effects in BBNS approach


  The end-point singularity is an unsolved problem in BBNS approach.
Incorporating the partonic transverse momentum and the Sudakov form factor,
this problem can be solved model-independently. We discuss the Sudakov effects
in BBNS approach. The BBNS approach is compared with the modified PQCD
approach. The main idea of Sudakov form factor is briefly discussed. Our
conclusion is that the twist-3 contribution for the hard spectator scattering
is numerically not important in $B\to \pi\pi$ decays, compared with the twist-2
contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75710 </DOCNO>
Loop induced Higgs and Z boson couplings to Neutralinos and implications


  We calculate the one-loop induced couplings of two gaugino-like neutralinos
to the $Z$ and Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. These
couplings, which vanish at the tree level, can be generated through loops
involving fermions and sfermions. We show that, while the neutralino
contribution to the invisible $Z$ boson decay width remains small, the loop
induced couplings to the lightest Higgs boson might be sufficiently large to
yield a rate of invisible decays of this Higgs boson that should be detectable
at future $e^+e^-$ colliders. We also study the implications of these couplings
for direct searches of Dark Matter and show that they can modify appreciably
the neutralino-nucleon elastic cross section for some parameter range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6621 </DOCNO>
Localized spin ordering in Kondo lattice models


  Using a non-Abelian density matrix renormalization group method we determine
the phase diagram of the Kondo lattice model in one dimension, by directly
measuring the magnetization of the ground-state. This allowed us to discover a
second ferromagnetic phase missed in previous approaches. The phase transitions
are found to be continuous. The spin-spin correlation function is studied in
detail, and we determine in which regions the large and small Fermi surfaces
dominate. The importance of double-exchange ordering and its competition with
Kondo singlet formation is emphasized in understanding the complexity of the
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75700 </DOCNO>
Hyperfine Structure of the Ground and First Excited States in Light


  We consider hyperfine splitting of 1s and, in part, of 2s levels in light
hydrogen-like atoms: hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, helium-3 ion, muonium and
positronium. We discuss present status of precision theory and experiment for
the hfs intervals. We pay a special attention to a specific difference, D_{21}
= 8 E_{hfs}(2s) - E_{hfs}(1s), which is known experimentally for hydrogen,
deuterium and ^3He^+ ion. The difference is weakly affected by the effects of
the nuclear structure and thus may be calculated with a high accuracy. We
complete a calculation of the fourth order QED contributions to this difference
and present here new results on corrections due to the nuclear effects. Our
theoretical predictions appear to be in a fair agreement with available
experimental data. Comparison of the experimental data with our examination of
D_{21} allows to test the state-dependent sector of theory of the hfs
separation of the 1s and 2s levels in the light hydrogen-like atoms up to
10^-8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76618 </DOCNO>
Determinations of alpha(M_Z): Comparison and Prospects


  I review and compare various techniques to obtain the value of the QED
coupling, alpha, at the Z pole. GigaZ precisions would require a much more
accurate determination than available today. A combination of the virtues of
current methods may help to achieve this goal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7404 </DOCNO>
Adatoms and nanoengineering of carbon


  We present a new and general mechanism for inter-conversion of carbon
structures via a catalytic exchange process, which operates under conditions of
Frenkel pair generation. The mechanism typically lowers reaction barriers by a
factor of four compared to equivilent uncatalysed reactions. We examine the
relevance of this mechanism for fullerene growth, carbon onions and nanotubes,
and dislocations in irradiated graphite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76943 </DOCNO>
The stau exchange contribution to muon g-2 in the decoupling solution


  We study the possibility that the lepton-flavor changing process can induce
the suitable magnitude of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g_\mu -2) in the
decoupling solution to the flavor problem in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model. Our analyses introduce the flavor mixings of left- and
right-handed stau and smuon phenomenologically. It is found that if both the
left- and right-handed sleptons have sizable flavor mixings, the correction to
g_\mu -2 from the lighter slepton can reach to 10^{-9} while the correction to
the branching ratio of \tau \to \mu \gamma satisfies the current experimental
bound. On the other hand, when only the left-handed or right-handed sleptons
have the large flavor mixing, the suitable magnitude of the correction to
g_\mu-2 is not realized owing to the experimental bound of \tau \to \mu \gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3772 </DOCNO>
A supersymmetric U_{q}[osp(2|2)]-extended Hubbard model with boundary


  A strongly correlated electron system associated with the quantum
superalgebra ${U}_q[{osp}(2|2)]$ is studied in the framework of the quantum
inverse scattering method. By solving the graded reflection equation, two
classes of boundary-reflection $K$-matrices leading to four kinds of possible
boundary interaction terms are found. Performing the algebraic Bethe ansatz, we
diagonalize the two-level transfer matrices which characterize the charge and
the spin degrees of freedom, respectively. The Bethe-ansatz equations, the
eigenvalues of the transfer matrices and the energy spectrum are presented
explicitly. We also construct two impurities coupled to the boundaries. In the
thermodynamic limit, the ground state properties and impurity effects are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95798 </DOCNO>
Minimalit\'e des courbes sous-canoniques


  We prove the following result : Let $E$ be a rank 2 bundle on ${\bf P}$, the
projective space of dimension 3, and $n$ a relative number such that
$H^0E(n-1)=0$ and $H^0E(n)\neq 0$. Let $C$ be a curve which is the zero locus
of a section of $H^0E(n)$. Then $C$ is minimal in its biliaison class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128706 </DOCNO>
Intraday Variability in Northern Hemisphere Radio Sources


  We summarize results from flux density monitoring campaigns performed with
the 100 meter radio-telescope at Effelsberg and the VLA during the past 15 yrs.
We briefly discuss some of the statistical properties of the rapid variability
from now more than 40 high declination sources, which show Intraday Variability
(IDV). In general, IDV is more pronounced for sources with flat radio spectra
and compact VLBI structures. The frequency dependence of the variability
pattern varies with source and observing time. For 0917+62, we present new VLBI
images, which suggest that the variability pattern is modified by the
occurrence of new jet components. For 0716+71, we show the first detection of
IDV at millimeter wavelengths (32 GHz). For the physical interpretation of the
IDV phenomenon, a complex source and frequency dependent superposition of
interstellar scintillation and source intrinsic variability should be
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168361 </DOCNO>
Separability Criterion for all bipartite Gaussian States


  We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for separability of Gaussian
states of bipartite systems of arbitrarily many modes. The condition provides
an operational criterion since it can be checked by simple computation.
Moreover, it allows us to find a pure product-state decomposition of any given
separable Gaussian state. Our criterion is independent of the one based on
partial transposition, and is strictly stronger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168309 </DOCNO>
Entanglement generation and degradation by passive optical devices


  The influence of losses in the interferometric generation and the
transmission of continuous-variable entangled light is studied, with special
emphasis on Gaussian states. Based on the theory of quantum-state
transformation at absorbing dielectric devices, the amount of entanglement is
quantified by means of the relative-entropy measure. Upper bounds of
entanglement and the distance to the set of separable Gaussian states are
calculated. Compared with the distance measure, the bounds can substantially
overestimate the entanglement. In particular, they do not show the drastic
decrease of entanglement with increasing mean photon number, as does the
distance measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128469 </DOCNO>
Black Holes and Relativistic Jets


  There is strong observational evidence that AGN, Galactic X-ray transients
and (probably) $\gamma$-ray bursts are associated with black holes, and that
these sources are able to form collimated, ultrarelativistic outflows. There is
much interest in trying to understand how these prime movers are able to
release energy from accreting gas and their own spin energy. Electromagnetic
field plays a large role in many of the mechanisms under active consideration.
In this article, several of the many possible ``metabolic pathways'' through
which mass, angular momentum and energy can flow around and away from black
hole magnetospheres are discussed. Particular importance is attached to the
interactions between the inflowing disk, the outflowing wind, the black hole
and the jet. Some important unresolved questions are identified and it is
argued that large scale numerical computation will almost certainly be
necessary to address them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98954 </DOCNO>
Hilbert schemes and symmetric products: a dictionary


  Given a closed complex manifold $X$ of even dimension, we develop a
systematic (vertex) algebraic approach to study the rational orbifold
cohomology rings $\orbsym$ of the symmetric products. We present constructions
and establish results on the rings $\orbsym$ including two sets of ring
generators, universality and stability, as well as connections with vertex
operators and W algebras. These are independent of but parallel to the main
results on the cohomology rings of the Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces as
developed in our earlier works joint with W.-P. Li. We introduce a deformation
of the orbifold cup product and explain how it is reflected in terms of
modification of vertex operators in the symmetric product case. As a corollary,
we obtain a new proof of the isomorphism between the rational cohomology ring
of Hilbert schemes and the ring $\orbsym$ (after some modification of signs),
when X is a projective surface with a numerically trivial canonical class; we
show that no sign modification is needed if both cohomology rings use complex
coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168288 </DOCNO>
Scaling properties of cavity-enhanced atom cooling


  We extend an earlier semiclassical model to describe the dissipative motion
of N atoms coupled to M modes inside a coherently driven high-finesse cavity.
The description includes momentum diffusion via spontaneous emission and cavity
decay. Simple analytical formulas for the steady-state temperature and the
cooling time for a single atom are derived and show surprisingly good agreement
with direct stochastic simulations of the semiclassical equations for N atoms
with properly scaled parameters. A thorough comparison with standard free-space
Doppler cooling is performed and yields a lower temperature and a cooling time
enhancement by a factor of M times the square of the ratio of the atom-field
coupling constant to the cavity decay rate. Finally it is shown that laser
cooling with negligible spontaneous emission should indeed be possible,
especially for relatively light particles in a strongly coupled field
configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98210 </DOCNO>
On the multiplicativity of quantum cat maps


  The quantum mechanical propagators of the linear automorphisms of the
two-torus (cat maps) determine a projective unitary representation of the theta
group, known as Weil's representation. We prove that there exists an
appropriate choice of phases in the propagators that defines a proper
representation of the theta group. We also give explicit formulae for the
propagators in this representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128256 </DOCNO>
Energy confinement for a relativistic magnetic flux tube in the


  In the MHD description of plasma phenomena the concept of magnetic field
lines frozen into the plasma turns out to be very useful. We present here a
method of introducing Lagrangian coordinates into relativistic MHD equations in
general relativity, which enables a convenient mathematical formulation for the
behaviour of flux tubes. With the introduction of these Lagrangian, so--called
``frozen--in'' coordinates, the relativistic MHD equations reduce to a set of
nonlinear 1D string equations, and the plasma may therefore be regarded as a
gas of nonlinear strings corresponding to flux tubes. Numerical simulation
shows that if such a tube/string falls into a Kerr black hole, then the leading
portion loses angular momentum and energy as the string brakes, and to
compensate for this loss, momentum and energy is radiated to infinity to
conserve energy and momentum for the tube. Inside the ergosphere the energy of
the leading part turns out to be negative after some time, and the rest of the
tube then gets energy from the hole. In our simulations most of the compensated
positive energy is also localized inside the ergosphere because the inward
speed of the plasma is approximately equal to the velocity of the MHD wave
which transports energy outside. Therefore, an additional physical process has
to be included which can remove energy from the ergophere. Magnetic
reconnection seems fills this role releasing Maxwellian stresses and producing
a relativistic jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168534 </DOCNO>
From Classical State-Swapping to Quantum Teleportation


  The quantum teleportation protocol is extracted directly out of a standard
classical circuit that exchanges the states of two qubits using only
controlled-NOT gates. This construction of teleportation from a classically
transparent circuit generalizes straightforwardly to d-state systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75954 </DOCNO>
Grand Unified Models on $S_1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$ Orbifold


  We suggest two grand unified models where the fifth dimensional coordinate is
compactified on an $S_1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$ orbifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96212 </DOCNO>
Symbolic Evaluation of Coefficients in Airy-type Asymptotic Expansions


  Computer algebra algorithms are developed for evaluating the coefficients in
Airy-type asymptotic expansions that are obtained from integrals with a large
parameter. The coefficients are defined from recursive schemes obtained from
integration by parts. An application is given for the Weber parabolic cylinder
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148055 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Open String Theories and Their Dualities


  The recently found non-critical open string theories is reviewed. These open
strings, noncommutative open string theories (NCOS), arise as consistent
quantum theories describing the low energy theory of D-branes in a background
electric B-field in the critical limit. Focusing on the D3-brane case, we
construct the most general (3+1) NCOS, which is described by four parameters.
We study S and T -dualities of these theories and argue the existence of a
U-duality group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5182 </DOCNO>
Doping induced charge redistribution in the high temperature


  To understand the link between doping and electronic properties in high
temperature superconductors, we report first-principles calculations on the
oxygen doping effect for the single layer cuprate HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+\delta}$. The
doping effect is studied both by supercell and single cell virtual crystal type
approaches. We find ionic behavior of the dopant atom up to an optimal doping
concentration of $\delta=0.22$. The excess oxygen attracts electrons from the
CuO$_2$ plane leading to an increase of the hole concentration in this building
block. The maximum amount of holes is reached when the oxygen $p$-shell is
nearly completely filled. As a consequence the density of states at the Fermi
level exhibits a pronounced maximum at the optimal oxygen content. The
calculated hole content as a function of doping is in accordance with
experimental findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148198 </DOCNO>
Interacting fermions and domain wall defects in 2+1 dimensions


  We consider a Dirac field in 2+1 dimensions with a domain wall like defect in
its mass, minimally coupled to a dynamical Abelian vector field. The mass of
the fermionic field is assumed to have just one linear domain wall, which is
externally fixed and unaffected by the dynamics. We show that, under some
general conditions on the parameters, the localized zero modes predicted by the
Callan and Harvey mechanism are stable under the electromagnetic interaction of
the fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167984 </DOCNO>
Classical and Quantum Action-Phase Variables for Time-Dependent


  For a time-dependent classical quadratic oscillator we introduce pairs of
real and complex invariants that are linear in position and momentum. Each pair
of invariants realize explicitly a canonical transformation from the phase
space to the invariant space, in which the action-phase variables are defined.
We find the action operator for the time-dependent oscillator via the
classical-quantum correspondence. Candidate phase operators conjugate to the
action operator are discussed, but no satisfactory ones are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76432 </DOCNO>
Analytic Solution of Ground State for Coulomb Plus Linear Potential


  The newly developed single trajectory quadrature method is applied to solve
the ground state quantum wave function for Coulomb plus linear potential. The
general analytic expressions of the energy and wave function for the ground
state are given. The convergence of the solution is also discussed. The method
is applied to the ground state of the heavy quarkonium system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86340 </DOCNO>
Quantum general invariance and loop gravity


  A quantum physical projector is proposed for generally covariant theories
which are derivable from a Lagrangian. The projector is the quantum analogue of
the integral over the generators of finite one-parameter subgroups of the gauge
symmetry transformations which are connected to the identity. Gauge variables
are retained in this formalism, thus permitting the construction of spacetime
area and volume operators in a tentative spacetime loop formulation of quantum
general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4674 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Blockade Peak Spacing Distribution: The Interplay of Temperature


  We calculate the Coulomb Blockade peak spacing distribution at finite
temperature using the recently introduced ``universal Hamiltonian'' to describe
the e-e interactions. We show that the temperature effect is important even at
kT~0.1\Delta (\Delta is the single-particle mean level spacing). This
sensitivity arises because: (1) exchange reduces the minimum energy of
excitation from the ground state and (2) the entropic contribution depends on
the change of the spin of the quantum dot. Including the leading corrections to
the universal Hamiltonian yields results in quantitative agreement with the
experiments. Surprisingly, temperature appears to be the most important effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149486 </DOCNO>
Anomaly Cancellation On Manifolds Of G_2 Holonomy


  Smooth manifolds of G_2 holonomy, used to compactify M-theory to four
dimensions, give only abelian gauge groups without charged matter multiplets.
But singular G_2-manifolds can give abelian or nonabelian gauge groups with
chiral fermions. We describe the mechanism of anomaly cancellation in these
models, which depends upon anomaly inflow from the bulk. We also compare the
anomaly predictions to what has been learned by more explicit arguments in some
special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124407 </DOCNO>
Quiescent and flare analysis for the chromospherically active star Gl355


  We discuss ROSAT and ASCA observations of the young active star Gl355}.
During the ROSAT observation a strong flare was detected with a peak flux more
than an order of magnitude larger than the quiescent level. Spectral analysis
of the data allows us to study the temperature and emission measure
distribution, and the coronal metal abundance, for the quiescent phase and, in
the case of ROSAT, also during the evolution of the flare. The global coronal
metallicity $Z/Z_{\odot} \sim 0.1$ derived from both ROSAT and ASCA data is
much lower than solar and presumably also much lower than the photospheric
abundance expected for this very young star. The temperature structure of the
quiescent corona was about the same during the various observations, with a
cooler component at $T_1 \sim 7$ MK and a hotter component (to which only ASCA
was sensitive) at $T_2 \sim 20$ MK. During the flare, the low temperature
component remained approximately constant and equal to the quiescent value,
while the high-temperature component was the only one that varied. We have
modeled the flare with the hydrodynamic-decay sustained-heating approach of
Reale at al. (1997) and we have derived a loop semi--length of the order of
$\sim 1.5$ stellar radii, i.e. much larger than the dimensions of flares on the
Sun, but comparable with the typical dimensions inferred for other stellar
flares. We have compared the derived loop size with that estimated with a
simpler (but physically inconsistent) approach, finding that for this, as well
for several other stellar flares, the two methods give comparable loop sizes.
Possible causes and consequences of this result are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1608 </DOCNO>
Full Current Statistics in Diffusive Normal-Superconductor Structures


  We study the current statistics in normal diffusive conductors in contact
with a superconductor. Using an extension of the Keldysh Green's function
method we are able to find the full distribution of charge transfers for all
temperatures and voltages. For the non-Gaussian regime, we show that the
equilibrium current fluctuations are enhanced by the presence of the
superconductor. We predict an enhancement of the nonequilibrium current noise
for temperatures below and voltages of the order of the Thouless energy
E_Th=D/L^2. Our calculation fully accounts for the proximity effect in the
normal metal and agrees with experimental data. We demonstrate that the
calculation of the full current statistics is in fact simpler than a concrete
calculation of the noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95706 </DOCNO>
De Rham and infinitesimal cohomology in Kapranov's model for


  The title refers to the nilcommutative or $NC$-schemes introduced by M.
Kapranov in math.AG/9802041. The latter are noncommutative nilpotent
thickenings of commutative schemes. We consider also the parallel theory of
nil-Poisson or $NP$-schemes, which are nilpotent thickenings of commutative
schemes in the category of Poisson schemes. We study several variants of de
Rham cohomology for $NC$- and $NP$-schemes. The variants include nilcommutative
and nil-Poisson versions of the de Rham complex as well as of the cohomology of
the infinitesimal site introduced by Grothendieck. It turns out that each of
these noncommutative variants admits a kind of Hodge decomposition which allows
one to express the cohomology groups of a noncommutative scheme $Y$ as a sum of
copies of the usual (de Rham, infinitesimal) cohomology groups of the
underlying commutative scheme $X$ (Theorems 6.2, 6.5, 6.8). As a byproduct we
obtain new proofs for classical results of Grothendieck (Corollary 6.3) and of
Feigin-Tsygan (Corollary 6.9) on the relation between de Rham and infinitesimal
cohomology and between the latter and periodic cyclic homology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 831 </DOCNO>
Three-Dimensional Superconductivity in the Infinite-Layer Compound


  The infinite-layer compound ACuO$_{2}$ (A $=$ alkaline-earth ions) is
regarded as the most suitable material for exploring the fundamental nature of
the CuO$_2$ plane because it does not contain a charge-reservoir block, such as
a rock-salt or a fluorite like block. We report that superconductivity in the
infinite-layer compound Sr$_{0.9}$La$_{0.1}$CuO$_2$ is of a three-dimensional
nature, in contrast to the quasi two-dimensional superconducting behavior of
all other cuprates. The key observation is that the $c$-axis coherence length
is longer than the $c$-axis lattice constant even at zero temperature. This
means that the superconducting order parameter of one CuO$_{2}$ plane overlaps
with those of neighboring CuO$_{2}$ planes all the temperatures below the
$T_c$. Among all cuprates, only the infinite-layer superconductor shows such a
feature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72960 </DOCNO>
Excited Q-Balls in the MSSM with gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking


  Excited Q-balls are studied by numerical simulations in the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model with supersymmetry broken by a gravity mediated
mechanism. It is found that there is a suppression factor of $\cO(10^{-2})$ in
the rate at which a Q-ball can emit their excess energy compared to the rate
set by the dynamical scale of the field, $m$. Furthermore, it is noted that a
Q-ball can withstand a large amount of excess energy without losing a
significant amount of its charge. The cosmological importance of these
properties are considered for Q-balls in the thermal bath of the early
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127290 </DOCNO>
Highly-Ionized Intergalactic Gas at Low Redshifts: Constraints from QSO


  High-resolution UV spectroscopy of low-z QSOs with the Space Telescope
Imaging Spectrograph and the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer has
indicated that O VI absorption-line systems provide a valuable probe of the
low-z intergalactic medium. These observations and their implications are
briefly reviewed. Though still uncertain due to the small sample, the number of
O VI absorbers per unit redshift is quite high, and these absorbers appear to
trace an important baryon reservoir. The O VI systems are intervening; they are
highly displaced from the background QSO redshifts and are correlated with
foreground luminous galaxies. Their physical conditions are variable and
sometimes complicated. In some cases, there is clear evidence that the
absorbers have a multiphase nature. Some appear to be photoionized by the UV
background from QSOs, while others are probably collisionally ionized. However,
the majority of the O VI lines have b-values that suggest an origin in
collisionally ionized hot gas. The observations are in agreement with
hydrodynamic simulations of cosmological structure growth, which predict
substantial quantities of shock-heated, hot intergalactic gas at low z, but
more observational and theoretical work is needed to confirm the nature of the
O VI systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41598 </DOCNO>
The LCDROOT Analysis Package


  The North American Linear Collider Detector group has developed simulation
and analysis program packages. LCDROOT is one of the packages, and is based on
ROOT and the C++ programing language to maximally benefit from object oriented
programming techniques. LCDROOT is constantly improved and now has a new
topological vertex finder, ZVTOP3. In this proceeding, the features of the
LCDROOT simulation are briefly described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3547 </DOCNO>
Correlation Functions for Diffusion-Limited Annihilation, A + A -> 0


  The full hierarchy of multiple-point correlation functions for
diffusion-limited annihilation, A + A -> 0, is obtained analytically and
explicitly, following the method of intervals. In the long time asymptotic
limit, the correlation functions of annihilation are identical to those of
coalescence, A + A -> A, despite differences between the two models in other
statistical measures, such as the interparticle distribution function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129021 </DOCNO>
Physical parameters in the hot spots and jets of Compact Symmetric


  We present a model to determine the physical parameters of jets and hot spots
of a sample of CSOs under very basic assumptions like synchrotron emission and
minimum energy conditions. Based on this model we propose a simple evolutionary
scenario for these sources assuming that they evolve in ram pressure
equilibrium with the external medium and constant jet power. The parameters of
our model are constrained from fits of observational data (radio luminosity,
hot spot radius and hot spot advance speed) versus projected linear size. From
these plots we conclude that CSOs evolve self-similarly and that their radio
luminosity increases with linear size along the first kiloparsec. Assuming that
the jets feeding CSOs are relativistic from both kinematical and
thermodynamical points of view, we use the values of the pressure and particle
number density within the hot spots to estimate the fluxes of momentum
(thrust), energy, and particles of these relativistic jets. The mean jet power
obtained in this way is within an order of magnitude that inferred for FRII
sources, which is consistent with CSOs being the possible precursors of large
doubles. The inferred flux of particles corresponds to, for a barionic jet,
about a 10% of the mass accreted by a black hole of $10^8 {\rm M_{\odot}}$ at
the Eddington limit, pointing towards a very efficient conversion of accretion
flow into ejection, or to a leptonic composition of jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41515 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Lifetime Difference of $B_d$ Mesons: Possible and


  We estimate the decay width difference $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ in the
$B_d$ system including $1/m_b$ contributions and next-to-leading order QCD
corrections, and find it to be around 0.3%. We explicitly show that the time
measurements of an untagged $B_d$ decaying to a single final state
isotropically can only be sensitive to quadratic terms in $\Delta Gamma_d /
\Gamma_d$, and hence the use of at least two different final states is desired.
We discuss such pairs of candidate decay channels for the final states and
explore the feasibility of a $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ measurement through
them. The measurement of this width difference is essential for an accurate
measurement of $\sin(2\beta)$ at the LHC. The nonzero width difference may also
be used to identify new physics effects and to resolve a twofold discrete
ambiguity in the $B_d$-$\bar{B}_d$ mixing phase. We also derive an upper bound
on the value of $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ in the presence of new physics, and
point out some differences in the phenomenology of width differences in the
$B_s$ and $B_d$ systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5016 </DOCNO>
Asymmetries, Correlations and Fat Tails in Percolation Market Model


  Modifications of the Cont-Bouchaud percolation model for price fluctuations
give an asymmetry for time-reversal, an asymmetry between high and low prices,
volatility clustering, effective multifractality, correlations between
volatility and traded volume, and a power law tail with exponent near 3 for the
cumulative distribution of price changes. Combining them together still gives
the same power law. Using Ising-correlated percolation does not change these
results. Different modifications give log-periodic oscillations before a crash,
arising from nonlinear feedback between random fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99111 </DOCNO>
Construction of raising and lowering operators for Uq(sl(2,R))


  In the case of Uq(sl(2,R)) at root of unity q-deformed analogues are proposed
for the generator of the maximal compact subalgebra, J, and for the raising and
lowering operators. We prove an algebraic identity which implies that J has
similar properties as in the nondeformed case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 974 </DOCNO>
Core percolation in random graphs: a critical phenomena analysis


  We study both numerically and analytically what happens to a random graph of
average connectivity "alpha" when its leaves and their neighbors are removed
iteratively up to the point when no leaf remains. The remnant is made of
isolated vertices plus an induced subgraph we call the "core". In the
thermodynamic limit of an infinite random graph, we compute analytically the
dynamics of leaf removal, the number of isolated vertices and the number of
vertices and edges in the core. We show that a second order phase transition
occurs at "alpha = e = 2.718...": below the transition, the core is small but
above the transition, it occupies a finite fraction of the initial graph. The
finite size scaling properties are then studied numerically in detail in the
critical region, and we propose a consistent set of critical exponents, which
does not coincide with the set of standard percolation exponents for this
model. We clarify several aspects in combinatorial optimization and spectral
properties of the adjacency matrix of random graphs.
  Key words: random graphs, leaf removal, core percolation, critical exponents,
combinatorial optimization, finite size scaling, Monte-Carlo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98598 </DOCNO>
A Strategy for Proving Riemann Hypothesis


  A strategy for proving Riemann hypothesis is suggested. The vanishing of the
Rieman Zeta reduces to an orthogonality condition for the eigenfunctions of a
non-Hermitian operator $D^+$ having the zeros of Riemann Zeta as its
eigenvalues. The construction of $D^+$ is inspired by the conviction that
Riemann Zeta is associated with a physical system allowing conformal
transformations as its symmetries. The eigenfunctions of $D^+$ are analogous to
the so called coherent states and in general not orthogonal to each other. The
states orthogonal to a vacuum state (which has a negative norm squared)
correspond to the zeros of the Riemann Zeta. The induced metric in the space
${\cal{V}}$ of states which correspond to the zeros of the Riemann Zeta at the
critical line $Re[s]=1/2$ is hermitian and both hermiticity and positive
definiteness properties imply Riemann hypothesis. Conformal invariance in the
sense of gauge invariance allows only the states belonging to ${\cal{V}}$.
Riemann hypothesis follows also from a restricted form of a dynamical conformal
invariance in ${\cal{V}}$ and one can reduce the proof to a standard analytic
argument used in Lie group theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75204 </DOCNO>
A renormalisation-group approach to two-body scattering with long-range


  We apply the renormalisation-group to two-body scattering by a combination of
known long-range and unknown short-range forces. A crucial feature is that the
low-energy effective theory is regulated by applying a cut-off in the basis of
distorted waves for the long range potential. We illustrate the method by
applying it to scattering in the presence of a repulsive 1/r^2 potential. We
find a trivial fixed point, describing systems with weak short-range
interactions, and a unstable fixed point. The expansion around the latter
corresponds to a distorted-wave effective-range expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41514 </DOCNO>
Impact of bosonic decays on the search for t~_1 and b~_1 squarks


  We show that the bosonic decays of the lighter top and bottom squarks, i.e.
t~_1 -> b~_1 + (H^+ or W^+) and b~_1 -> t~_1 + (H^- or W^-), can be dominant in
a wide range of the MSSM parameters. Compared to the fermionic decays, such as
t~_1 -> b + chargino_j, these bosonic decays can have significantly different
decay distributions. We also show that the effect of the supersymmetric QCD
running of the quark and squark parameters on the t~_1 and b~_1 decay branching
ratios is quite dramatic. These could have an important impact on the search
for t~_1 and b~_1 and the determination of the MSSM parameters at future
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76320 </DOCNO>
Bimaximal Neutrino Mixings from Lopsided Mass Matrices


  Current solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation data seem to favor a
bimaximal pattern for neutrino mixings where the matrix elements U_{e2} and
U_{\mu 3} are of order one, while U_{e3} is much smaller. We show that such a
pattern can be obtained quite easily in theories with ``lopsided'' mass
matrices for the charged leptons and the down type quarks. A relation
connecting the solar and atmospheric neutrino mixing angles is derived,
\tan^2\theta_{atm} \simeq 1+ \tan^2\theta_{sol}, which predicts \sin^2
2\theta_{atm} \simeq 0.97 corresponding to the best fit LMA solution for solar
neutrinos. Predictive schemes in SO(10) realizing these ideas are presented. A
new class of SO(10) models with lopsided mass matrices is found which makes use
of an adjoint VEV along the I_{3R} direction, rather than the traditional B-L
direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98516 </DOCNO>
A note on Lagrangian barrier theorem by P.Biran


  We use the Gromov-Witten invariants and a nonsqueezing theorem by the author
to generalize a theorem of Lagrangian barriers by P.Biran.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41353 </DOCNO>
Study of three-body charmless B decays at Belle


  Using a data sample of 21.3 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the Belle detector, three
body charmless decays $B^+\to K^+ h^+ h^-$ have been studied. With no
assumptions on the intermediate mechanisms, the following branching fractions
have been measured for the first time $ {\cal{B}}(B^+\to K^+ \pi^- \pi^+) =
(58.5\pm 7.1\pm 8.8)\times 10^{-6}$ and $ {\cal{B}}(B^+\to K^+ K^- K^+) =
(37.0\pm 3.9\pm 4.4)\times 10^{-6}$. We also present the first observations of
the decay mode $B^+\to K^{*0}(892)\pi^+$ with a branching fraction of
${\cal{B}}(B^+\to K^{*0}(892) \pi^+) =
(16.7^{+3.7+2.1+3.0}_{-3.4-2.1-5.9})\times 10^{-6}$ and the decay mode $B^+\to
f_0(980)K^+$ with a product branching fraction of ${\cal{B}}(B^+\to f_0(980)
K^+)\times{\cal{B}}(f_0(980)\to \pi^+\pi^-) =
(11.7^{+2.5+1.5+4.1}_{-2.7-1.5-1.0})\times 10^{-6}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75961 </DOCNO>
Unquenched calculation of alpha_s from Green functions: progress report


  We present preliminary results on the computation of the QCD running coupling
constant in the MOM_tilde scheme and Landau gauge with two flavours of
dynamical Wilson quarks. Gluon momenta range up to about 7 GeV (beta=5.6, 5.8
and 6.0) with a constant dynamical quark mass. This range already allows to
exhibit some evidence for a sizeable 1/mu^2 correction to the asymptotic
behaviour, as in the quenched approximation. We find Lambda_MS^(N_f=2) =
264(27) MeV x [a^{-1}(5.6,0.1560)/(2.19 GeV)], which leads to alpha_s(M_Z) =
0.113(3)(4). In view of the systematics error to be controlled, this
encouraging result is more a preliminary indication than a real prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75991 </DOCNO>
CP Violation and Dilaton Stabilization in Heterotic String Models


  We study the possibility of spontaneous CP violation in string models with
the dilaton field stabilized at a phenomenologically acceptable value. We
consider three mechanisms to stabilize the dilaton: multiple gaugino
condensates, a nonperturbative Kahler potential, and a superpotential based on
S-duality, and analyze consequent CP phases in the soft SUSY breaking terms.
Due to non-universality forced upon the theory by requiring a non-trivial CKM
phase, the EDM problem becomes more severe. Even if there are no complex phases
in the VEVs of the SUSY breaking fields, the electric dipole moments are
overproduced by orders of magnitude. We also address the question of modular
invariance of the physical CP phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3890 </DOCNO>
Spectral Response of Al/Si Photodiode as IR Sensor


  Al/Si photodiode were prepared by successive of deposition of Aluminum thin
films on p-type Si (100) using coprecipitation method by evaporator in vacuum
2.0E-4 torr. The measured signals are attributed to a spectral response, which
appears in the studied photodiode. The photodiode Al/Si is sensitivity over a
broad range of IR wavelengths from 800 to 1000 nm, when illuminated with
discontinuous light at chopper frequency 200 Hz. The spectral response
distribution that sensitivity peaks appear when the measurement was performed
using the ac mode. The peak was at 981 nm, the incident radiation power (Pi) at
the surface was 25 microwatt/cm2, the current signal (Ip) was 12.2 nA, the
quantum efficiency was 6.16 % and the current sensitivity was 0.488
nA/microwatt/cm2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125116 </DOCNO>
Searching for the in-plane Galactic bar and ring in DENIS


  New evidence for a long thin Galactic bar (in contradistinction to the
bulge), as well as for the existence of the ring and the truncation of the
inner disc, are sought in the DENIS survey. First, we examine DENIS and Two
Micron Galactic Survey star counts for the characteristic signatures of an
in-plane bar and ring. The star counts in the plane for 30 deg.>l>-30 deg. are
shown to be highly asymmetric with considerably more sources at positive than
at negative longitudes. At |b|\approx 1.5 deg., however, the counts are nearly
symmetric. Therefore, the asymmetry is not due to the disc, which is shown to
have an inner truncation, or to the bulge, so there has to be another major
component in the inner Galaxy that is causing the asymmetries. This component
provides up to 50% of the detected sources in the plane between the bulge and
l=27 deg. or l=-14 deg. This component is shown to be consistent with an
in-plane bar with a position angle of 40 deg. and half-length of 3.9 kpc.
However, there is also a major peak in the counts at l=-22 deg., which
coincides with the tangential point of the so-called 3 kpc arm. This is shown
to be most probably a ring or a pseudo-ring. The extinction in the plane is
also shown to be asymmetric with more extinction at negative than at positive
longitudes. For l<8 deg. the extinction is shown to be slightly tilted with
respect to b=0 deg. in the same manner as the HI disc. We conclude that the
Galaxy is a fairly typical ringed barred spiral galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97744 </DOCNO>
Uno's conjecture on representation types of Hecke algebras


  Based on a recent result of Mathas and the author, we prove that Uno's
conjecture on representation types of Hecke algebras is true for all Hecke
algebras of classical type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148979 </DOCNO>
Boundary String Field Theory Approach to High-Temperature Tachyon


  The boundary string field theory approach is used to evaluate the one-loop
tachyon potential. We first discuss the boundary condition at the two
boundaries on annulus diagram and then the exact form of corrected potentials
at zero and high temperature are obtained. The profile of the tachyon potential
is found to be temperature independent and tachyon will condense at high
temperature. Our investigations also provide an easy way to prove the
universality of the tachyon potential, even if the string is in the thermal
background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84028 </DOCNO>
Prototyping CLP(FD) Tracers: a Trace Model and an Experimental


  Developing and maintaining CLP programs requires visualization and
explanation tools. However, existing tools are built in an ad hoc way.
Therefore porting tools from one platform to another is very difficult. We have
shown in previous work that, from a fine-grained execution trace, a number of
interesting views about logic program executions could be generated by trace
analysis.
  In this article, we propose a trace model for constraint solving by
narrowing. This trace model is the first one proposed for CLP(FD) and does not
pretend to be the ultimate one. We also propose an instrumented
meta-interpreter in order to experiment with the model. Furthermore, we show
that the proposed trace model contains the necessary information to build known
and useful execution views. This work sets the basis for generic execution
analysis of CLP(FD) programs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75581 </DOCNO>
New Trends in the Zee Model


  Recent trends in the Zee model are reviewed. Especially, the importance of a
serious constraint in the Zee model, sin^2 2\theta_{solar} =1.0, is pointed
out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169195 </DOCNO>
Schroedinger discovery of wave mechanics


  Schroedinger's great discovery of wave mechanics in 1926 - his annus
mirabilis - is discussed in detail. Beside the six most important papers that
appeared during the first half of 1926, letters between Schroedinger and
leading physicists at this time are main sources of this account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72948 </DOCNO>
Non-Baryonic Dark Matter


  There exist several well-motivated candidates for non-baryonic cold dark
matter, including neutralinos, axions, axinos, gravitinos, Wimpzillas. I review
the dark matter properties of the neutralino and the current status of its
detection. I also discuss the axino as a new interesting alternative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81470 </DOCNO>
Matrix Elements of Light Quarks


  Lattice results for matrix elements of light quark operators are reviewed.
The discussion is focused on recent theoretical progress and new numerical
calculations which appeared after the Lattice 2000 Conference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41849 </DOCNO>
Global Analysis of the post-SNO Solar Neutrino Data for Standard and


  What can we learn from solar neutrino observations? Is there any solution to
the solar neutrino anomaly which is favored by the present experimental
panorama? After SNO results, is it possible to affirm that neutrinos have mass?
In order to answer such questions we analyze the current available data from
the solar neutrino experiments, including the recent SNO result, in view of
many acceptable solutions to the solar neutrino problem based on different
conversion mechanisms, for the first time, using the same statistical
procedure. This allows us to do a direct comparison of the goodness of the fit
among different solutions, from which we can discuss and conclude on the
current status of each proposed dynamical mechanism. These solutions are based
on different assumptions: (a) neutrino mass and mixing, (b) non-vanishing
neutrino magnetic moment, (c) the existence of non-standard flavor-changing and
non-universal neutrino interactions and (d) the tiny violation of the
equivalence principle. We investigate the quality of the fit provided by each
one of these solutions not only to the total rate measured by all the solar
neutrino experiments but also to the recoil electron energy spectrum measured
at different zenith angles by the Super-Kamiokande collaboration. We conclude
that several non-standard neutrino flavor conversion mechanisms provide a very
good fit to the experimental data which is comparable with (or even slightly
better than) the most famous solution to the solar neutrino anomaly based on
the neutrino oscillation induced by mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83537 </DOCNO>
Properties of Input-Consuming Derivations


  We study the properties of input-consuming derivations of moded logic
programs. Input-consuming derivations can be used to model the behavior of
logic programs using dynamic scheduling and employing constructs such as delay
declarations.
  We consider the class of nicely-moded programs and queries. We show that for
these programs a weak version of the well-known switching lemma holds also for
input-consuming derivations. Furthermore, we show that, under suitable
conditions, there exists an algebraic characterization of termination of
input-consuming derivations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 585 </DOCNO>
Regularities Unseen, Randomness Observed: Levels of Entropy Convergence


  We study how the Shannon entropy of sequences produced by an information
source converges to the source's entropy rate. We synthesize several
phenomenological approaches to applying information theoretic measures of
randomness and memory to stochastic and deterministic processes by using
successive derivatives of the Shannon entropy growth curve. This leads, in
turn, to natural measures of apparent memory stored in a source and the amounts
of information that must be extracted from observations of a source in order
for it to be optimally predicted and for an observer to synchronize to it. One
consequence of ignoring these structural properties is that the missed
regularities are converted to apparent randomness. We demonstrate that this
problem arises particularly for small data sets; e.g., in settings where one
has access only to short measurement sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96930 </DOCNO>
Positivity in the Grothendieck group of complex flag varieties


  We prove a conjecture of A. S. Buch concerning the structure constants of the
Grothendieck ring of a flag variety with respect to its basis of Schubert
structure sheaves. For this, we show that the coefficients in this basis of the
structure sheaf of any subvariety with rational singularities, have alternating
signs. Equivalently, the class of the dualizing sheaf of such a subvariety is a
nonnegative combination of classes of dualizing sheaves of Schubert varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150298 </DOCNO>
A Note on Noncommutative D-Brane Actions


  We use the nonabelian action of N coincident D(-1) branes in constant
background fields, in the N $\to \infty$ limit, to construct noncommutative
D-brane actions in an arbitrary noncommutative description and comment on
tachyon condensation from this perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77014 </DOCNO>
Bounds on Broken R-Parity from Leptonic Meson Decays


  Investigating leptonic decays of pi^-, K^-, B^-, pi^0, K_L^0, B_s^0 we
present new bounds on some products of two R-parity violating coupling
constants. For mesons of a similar structure but so far poor experimental data
we give the corresponding formulae, to be used in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41547 </DOCNO>
Optimization of crystal extraction experiment


  Using a computer model for the crystal extraction, we investigate the
bent-crystal parameters optimal for the extraction experiment. The optimal
crystal curvature is found to be near 1 GeV/cm (for pv/R), i.e. a factor of
2--3 higher than for the crystal application in beam lines. An influence of the
accelerator optics on extraction is discussed. A possibility of using the
high-Z crystals for extraction is considered. The simulations for the ongoing
experiments at the CERN-SPS and the Fermilab Tevatron, and for the proposed
extraction at LHC, are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123440 </DOCNO>
Dust Absorption and Emission in Galaxies at High and Low Redshifts


  This article reviews three related topics: the extragalactic background l
ight and its sources, evolution models for the dust absorption and emission in
galaxies, and empirical constraints on these transfer pr ocesses in nearby
starburst galaxies. It is intended that the material presented here will serve
as an introduction to this Joint Discussion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149621 </DOCNO>
Lorentz and CPT violations in QED : a short comment on recent


  We rediscuss the recent controversy on a possible Chern-Simons like term
generated through radiative corrections in QED with a CPT violating term. We
emphasize the fact that any absence of an {\sl a priori} divergence should be
explained by some symmetry or some non-renormalisation theorem : otherwise, no
prediction can be made on the corresponding quantity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96361 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic reformulation of Maxwell's equations for inhomogeneous


  We propose a simple quaternionic reformulation of Maxwell's equations for
inhomogeneous media and use it in order to obtain new solutions in a static
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97505 </DOCNO>
On 2-torsion in motivic cohomology


  In this paper we prove the 2-local part of the Beilinson-Lichtenbaum
conjectures on tosion in motivic cohomology. In particular we prove the Milnor
conjecture relating Milnor's K-theory and the Galois cohomology with
Z/2-coefficients. This paper is a new version of the previously distributed
preprint "The Milnor Conjecture".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86049 </DOCNO>
Density perturbations in an Universe dominated by the Chaplygin gas


  We study the fate of density perturbations in an Universe dominate by the
Chaplygin gas, which exhibit negative pressure. We show that it is possible to
obtain the value for the density contrast observed in large scale structure of
the Universe by fixing a free parameter in the equation of state of this gas.
The negative character of pressure must be significant only very recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75394 </DOCNO>
Signals for Non-Commutative QED in $e \gamma$ and $\gamma \gamma$


  We study the effects of non-commutative QED (NCQED) in fermion pair
production, gamma + gamma -> f + bar{f} and Compton scattering, e + gamma -> e
+ gamma. Non-commutative geometries appear naturally in the context of
string/M-theory and gives rise to 3- and 4-point photon vertices and to
momentum dependent phase factors in QED vertices which will have observable
effects in high energy collisions. We consider e+ e- colliders with energies
appropriate to the TeV Linear Collider proposals and the multi-TeV CLIC project
operating in gamma gamma and e gamma modes. Non-commutative scales roughly
equal to the center of mass energy of the e+ e- collider can be probed, with
the exact value depending on the model parameters and experimental factors.
However, we found that the Compton process is sensitive to Lambda_{NC} values
roughly twice as large as those accessible to the pair production process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40686 </DOCNO>
What is the Case for a Return to the Z-Pole?


  The possibilities to run with a linear collider at the Z-pole with high
luminosity are examined. Apart from the implications on machine and detector
the interest for electroweak and B-physics is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76004 </DOCNO>
Perturbative and non-perturbative QCD corrections to wide-angle Compton


  We investigate corrections to the handbag approach for wide-angle Compton
scattering off protons at moderately large momentum transfer: the photon-parton
subprocess is calculated to next-to-leading order QCD and contributions from
the generalized parton distribution E} are taken into account. Photon and
proton helicity flip amplitudes are non-zero due to these corrections which
leads to a wealth of polarization phenomena in Compton scattering. Thus, for
instance, the incoming photon asymmetry or the transverse polarization of the
proton are non-zero although small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5920 </DOCNO>
Successive Phase Transitions in a Metal-Ordered Manganite Perovskite


  Structural, magnetic and electric properties of a metal-ordered perovskite
YBaMn2O6 have been studied by means of powder X-ray diffraction, DSC, magnetic
susceptibility, and electric resistivity. It is found that this material
undergoes a 1st order structural phase transition at Tc1=520 K, from a pseudo
orthorhombic (monoclinic) phase to a pseudo tetragonal (monoclinic) one.
Accompanied by this transition, the susceptibility exhibits a sharp drop, where
ferromagnetic exchange interaction becomes antiferromagnetic. Furthermore, two
more transitions, a metal-insulator transition at Tc2=480 K and an
antiferromagnetic ordering at Tc3=200 K, have been observed respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149161 </DOCNO>
On the n=4 Supersymmetry for the FRW Model


  In this work we have constructed the n=4 extended local conformal time
supersymmetry for the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmological models.
This is based on the superfield construction of the action, which is invariant
under wordline local n=4 supersymmetry with $SU(2)_{local} \otimes
SU(2)_{global}$ internal symmetry. It is shown that the supersymmetric action
has the form of the localized (or superconformal) version of the action for n=4
supersymmetric quantum mechanics. This superfield procedure provides a well
defined scheme for including supermatter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87283 </DOCNO>
Geometrical Aspects of Cosmic Magnetic Fields


  We discuss how the vector nature of magnetic fields, and the geometrical
interpretation of gravity introduced by general relativity, lead to a special
coupling between magnetism and spacetime curvature. This magneto-geometrical
interaction effectively transfers the tension properties of the field into the
spacetime fabric, triggering a variety of effects with potentially far-reaching
implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72819 </DOCNO>
Investigation of a new analytic running coupling in QCD


  The mathematical properties of the new analytic running coupling (NARC) in
QCD are investigated. This running coupling naturally arises under
``analytization'' of the renormalization group equation. One of the crucial
points in our consideration is the relation established between the NARC and
its inverse function. The latter is expressed in terms of the so-called Lambert
$W$ function. This relation enables one to present explicitly the NARC in the
renorminvariant form and to derive the corresponding $\beta$ function. The
asymptotic behavior of this $\beta$ function is examined. The consistent
estimation of the parameter $\Lambda_{QCD}$ is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98569 </DOCNO>
Connecting orbits of time dependent Lagrangian systems


  We generalize to higher dimension results of Birkhoff and Mather on the
existence of orbits wandering in regions of instability of twist maps. This
generalization is strongly inspired by the one already proposed by Mather.
However, its advantage is that it really contains most of the results of
Birkhoff and Mather on twist maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3852 </DOCNO>
Deceptive signals of phase transitions in small magnetic clusters


  We present an analysis of the thermodynamic properties of small transition
metal clusters and show how the commonly used indicators of phase transitions
like peaks in the specific heat or magnetic susceptibility can lead to
deceptive interpretations of the underlying physics. The analysis of the
distribution of zeros of the canonical partition function in the whole complex
temperature plane reveals the nature of the transition. We show that signals in
the magnetic susceptibility at positive temperatures have their origin at zeros
lying at negative temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149967 </DOCNO>
BRST Properties of New Superstring States


  Brane-like states are defined by physical vertex operators in NSR superstring
theory, existing at nonzero pictures only. These states exist both in open and
closed string theories, in the NS and NS-NS sectors respectively. In this paper
we present a detailed analysis of their BRST properties, giving a proof that
these vertex operators are physical, i.e. BRST invariant and BRST non-trivial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113836 </DOCNO>
Delta I = 2 staggering in rotational bands of diatomic molecules as a


  It is shown that the recently observed Delta I = 2 staggering seen in
superdeformed nuclear bands is also occurring in certain electronically excited
rotational bands of diatomic molecules. In the case of diatomic molecules the
effect is attributed to interband interactions (bandcrossings).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1958 </DOCNO>
The mean-squared displacement of a molecule moving in a glassy system


  The mean-squared displacement (MSD) of a hard sphere and of a dumbbell
molecule consisting of two fused hard spheres immersed in a dense hard-sphere
system is calculated within the mode-coupling theory for ideal liquid-glass
transitions. It is proven that the velocity correlator, which is the second
time derivative of the MSD, is the negative of a completely monotone function
for times within the structural-relaxation regime. The MSD is found to exhibit
a large time interval for structural relaxation prior to the onset of the
$\alpha$-process which cannot be described by the asymptotic formulas for the
mode-coupling-theory-bifurcation dynamics. The $\alpha$-process for molecules
with a large elongation is shown to exhibit an anomalously wide cross-over
interval between the end of the von-Schweidler decay and the beginning of
normal diffusion. The diffusivity of the molecule is predicted to vary
non-monotonically as function of its elongation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98392 </DOCNO>
On the group orders of elliptic curves over finite fields


  Given a prime power q, for every pair of positive integers m and n with m
dividing the GCD of n and q-1, we construct a modular curve over F_q that
parametrizes elliptic curves over F_q along with F_q-defined points P and Q of
order m and n, respectively, with P and (n/m)Q having a given Weil pairing.
Using these curves, we estimate the number of elliptic curves over F_q that
have a given integer N dividing the number of their F_q-defined points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7465 </DOCNO>
Metastable Intermediates in the Condensation of Semiflexible Polymers


  Motivated by results from an earlier Brownian Dynamics (BD) simulation for
the collapse of a single, stiff polymer in a poor solvent [B. Schnurr, F. C.
MacKintosh, and D. R. M. Williams, Europhys. Lett. 51 (3), 279 (2000)] we
calculate the conformational energies of the intermediate (racquet) states
suggested by the simulations. In the absence of thermal fluctuations (at zero
temperature) the annealed shapes of these intermediates are well-defined in
certain limits, with their major structural elements given by a particular case
of Euler's elastica. In appropriate units, a diagram emerges which displays the
relative stability of all states, tori and racquets. We conclude that, in
marked contrast to the collapse of flexible polymers, the condensation of
semiflexible or stiff polymers generically proceeds via a cascade through
metastable intermediates, the racquets, towards a ground state, the torus or
ring, as seen in the dynamical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72957 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Proto-Neutron Stars with Quarks


  Neutrino fluxes from proto-neutron stars with and without quarks are studied.
Observable differences become apparent after 10--20 s of evolution.
Sufficiently massive stars containing negatively-charged, strongly interacting,
particles collapse to black holes during the first minute of evolution. Since
the neutrino flux vanishes when a black hole forms, this is the most obvious
signal that quarks (or other types of strange matter) have appeared. The
metastability timescales for stars with quarks are intermediate between those
containing hyperons and kaon condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128429 </DOCNO>
The Transformation of Galaxies within the Large Scale Structure around a


  We present deep, panoramic multi-color imaging of the distant rich cluster
A851 (Cl0939+4713, z=0.41) using Suprime-Cam on Subaru. These images cover a
27' field of view, ~11 Mpc at z=0.41, and by exploiting photometric redshifts
estimated from our BVRI imaging we can isolate galaxies in a narrow redshift
slice at the cluster redshift. Using a sample of ~2700 probable cluster members
brighter than 0.02 Lv*, we trace the network of filaments and subclumps around
the cluster core. The depth of our observations, combined with the
identification of filamentary structure, gives us an unprecedented opportunity
to test the influence of the environment on the properties of low luminosity
galaxies. We find an abrupt change in the colors of < 0.1 Lv* galaxies at a
local density of 100 gal. per sq. Mpc, with the population in lower density
regions being predominantly blue, while those in higher density regions are
red. The transition in the color-local density behavior occurs at densities
corresponding to subclumps within the filaments surrounding the cluster.
Identifying the sites where the transition occurs brings us much closer to
understanding the mechanisms which are responsible for establishing the
present-day relationship between environment and galaxy characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3219 </DOCNO>
Fermi Surface Nesting and Nanoscale Fluctuating Charge/Orbital Ordering


  We used high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to reveal
the Fermi surface and key transport parameters of the metallic state of the
layered Colossal Magnetoresistive (CMR) oxide La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7. With these
parameters the calculated in-plane conductivity is nearly one order of
magnitude larger than the measured DC conductivity. This discrepancy can be
accounted for by including the pseudogap which removes at least 90% of the
spectral weight at the Fermi energy. Key to the pseudogap and many other
properties are the parallel straight Fermi surface sections which are highly
susceptible to nesting instabilities. These nesting instabilities produce
nanoscale fluctuating charge/orbital modulations which cooperate with
Jahn-Teller distortions and compete with the electron itinerancy favored by
double exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6522 </DOCNO>
Extrinsic Magnetotransport Phenomena in Ferromagnetic Oxides


  This review is focused on extrinsic magnetotransport effects in ferromagnetic
oxides. It consists of two parts; the second part is devoted to an overview of
experimental data and theoretical models for extrinsic magnetotransport
phenomena. Here a critical discussion of domain-wall scattering is given.
Results on surfacial and interfacial magnetism in oxides are presented.
Spin-polarized tunnelling in ferromagnetic junctions is reviewed and
grain-boundary magnetoresistance is interpreted within a model of
spin-polarized tunnelling through natural oxide barriers. The situation in
ferromagnetic oxides is compared with data and models for conventional
ferromagnets. The first part of the review summarizes basic material
properties, especially data on the spin-polarization and evidence for
half-metallicity. Furthermore, intrinsic conduction mechanisms are discussed.
An outlook on the further development of oxide spin-electronics concludes this
review.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75151 </DOCNO>
Color-flavor locked strangelets


  Finite lumps of color-flavor locked strange quark matter (CFL-strangelets)
are significantly more stable than strangelets without color-flavor locking for
wide ranges of parameters, increasing the likelihood of strangelet
metastability, or even absolute stability beyond some minimum baryon number
$A_{min}$. Whereas bulk CFL strange quark matter is electrically neutral,
CFL-strangelets are positively charged, with $Z\approx 0.3 A^{2/3}$. This is
quite different from ``ordinary'' strangelets and may provide a possible test
of color-flavor locking if strangelets are detected in upcoming cosmic-ray
space experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113637 </DOCNO>
A Doppler-like strong light-matter interaction


  While complicated, unreliable alternatives to Doppler effect were proposed,
an elementary optical light- matter interaction provides one which is commonly
observed in the labs, but with a distortion due to the use of short, powerful
laser pulses. It is generally assumed that Raman scattering in gases is
incoherent. This assumption fails if the pressure is lowered enough to increase
the relaxation times over the length of light pulses; the ''Impulsive
Stimulated Raman Scattering'' (ISRS), generally used to study dense matter with
ultrashort laser pulses, is adapted to the low energy pulses making the
incoherent light beams; the usual light is redshifted by some very low pressure
gases while it propagates.
  To produce this adapted ISRS called ''Incoherent Light Spatially Coherent
Raman Scattering" (ILSCRS), a molecule must have an hyperfine structure:
polyatomic molecules must be heavy or have odd numbers of electrons; light
atoms and the other molecules must be perturbed by a Stark or Zeeman effect.
  ILSCRS redshifts may be distinguished from Doppler redshifts using a very
difficult to observe dispersion of ILSCRS redshifts. This dispersion may
explain the discrepancies of the fine structures in the spectra of the quasars,
presently attributed to a variation of the fine structure constant.
  While the present interpretation of the Lyman forest in the spectra of
quasars requires clouds stressed, for instance, by sheets of dark matter,
ILSCRS interpretation requires only usual physical concepts. It produces
thermal radiations from short wavelengths, just as dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174847 </DOCNO>
Measurement of parity-nonconserving rotation of neutron spin in the


  The parity nonconserving spin rotation of neutrons in the 0.734-eV p-wave
resonance of $^{139}La$ was measured with the neutron transmission method. Two
optically polarized $^3He$ cells were used before and behind a a 5-cm long
$^{139}La$ target as a polarizer and an analyzer of neutron spin. The rotation
angle was carefully measured by flipping the direction of $^3He$ polarization
in the polarizer in sequence. The peak-to-peak value of the spin rotation was
found to be $ (7.4 \pm 1.1) \times 10^{-3} $ rad/cm which was consistent with
the previous experiments. But the result was statisticallly improved. The s-p
mixing model gives the weak matrix element as $xW = (1.71 \pm 0.25)$ meV. The
value agrees well with the one deduced from the parity-nonconserving
longitudinal asymmetry in the same resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148509 </DOCNO>
Instantons, Hilbert Schemes and Integrability


  We review the deformed instanton equations making connection with Hilbert
schemes and integrable systems. A single U(1) instanton is shown to be \asd\
with respect to the Burns metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2050 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Properties of RuSr2RECu2O8 (RE=Gd, Eu) and Ru1-xSr2GdCu2+xO8-y


  Synthesis in 1% oxygen at 930C leads to non-superconducting RuSr2GdCu2O8 in
which superconductivity subsequently can be induced with oxygen annealings
without observable stoichiometric changes. Detailed ac susceptibility and
zero-field muon spin rotation experiments reveal that the superconducting
compounds always exhibit a lower temperature of the magnetic transition and
larger values of the internal magnetic field in the ordered state of the Ru
sublattice. The same annealings in oxygen, however, lead to non-superconducting
RuSr2EuCu2O8. The magnetic properties of a newly discovered series of
Ru1-xSr2GdCu2+xO8-y superconductors (maximum Tc=72 K for x=0.4) are reported.
Low temperature behavior of the magnetization shows a significant contribution
of the paramagnetic system of Gd ions to the magnetic response below the
superconducting transition. Muon-spin rotation experiments reveal the presence
of bulk magnetic transitions at low temperature for compounds with x<=0.4.
XANES Cu-K absorption edge data show an increase in Cu valence with x.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5739 </DOCNO>
Substrate Interface Interactions


  By utilizing the current transients in scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the
local interfacial electronics between multiwalled carbon nanotubes and several
supporting substrates has been investigated. Voltage offsets in the tunneling
spectra are directly correlated with the formation of a dipole layer at the
nanotube-substrate interface strongly suggesting the formation of interface
states. Further, a systematic variation in this local potential, as a function
of tube diameter, is observed for both metallic substrates (Au) and
semi-metallic substrates (graphite). In both cases, tubes with diameters
between ~ 5 nm and 30 nm, the interfacial potential is nearly constant as a
function of tube diameter. However, for tube diameters < 5 nm, a dramatic
change in the local potential is observed. Using ab initio techniques, this
diameter dependent electronic interaction is shown to derive from changes in
the tube-substrate hybridization that results from the curvature of the
nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127495 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the 10 Kilosecond X-ray Flare in Sgr A*


  The X-ray mission Chandra has observed a dramatic X-ray flare -- a
brightening by a factor of 50 for only three hours -- from Sgr A*, the Galactic
Center supermassive black hole. Sgr A* has never shown variability of this
amplitude in the radio and we therefore argue that a jump of this order in the
accretion rate does not seem the likely cause. Based on our model for
jet-dominated emission in the quiescent state of Sgr A*, we suggest that the
flare is a consequence of extra electron heating near the black hole. This can
either lead to direct heating of thermal electrons to T_e~6*10^11 K and
significantly increased synchrotron-self Compton emission, or result from
non-thermal particle acceleration with increased synchrotron radiation and
electron Lorentz factors up to gamma_e>10^5. While the former scenario is
currently favored by the data, simultaneous VLBI, submm, mid-infrared and X-ray
observations should ultimately be able to distinguish between the two cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168467 </DOCNO>
Optimal quantum measurements for spin-1 and spin-3/2 particles


  Positive operator valued measures (POVMs) are presented that allow an unknown
pure state of a spin-1 particle to be determined with optimal fidelity when 2
to 5 copies of that state are available. Optimal POVMs are also presented for a
spin-3/2 particle when 2 or 3 copies of the unknown state are available.
Although these POVMs are optimal they are not always minimal, indicating that
there is room for improvement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97931 </DOCNO>
Wigner Functions versus WKB-Methods in Multivalued Geometrical Optics


  We consider the Cauchy-problem for a class of scalar linear dispersive
equations with rapidly oscillating initial data. The problem of high-frequency
asymptotics of such models is reviewed,in particular we highlight the
difficulties in crossing caustics when using (time-dependent) WKB-methods.
Using Wigner measures we present an alternative approach to such asymptotic
problems. We first discuss the connection of the naive WKB solutions to
transport equations of Liouville type (with mono-kinetic solutions) in the
prebreaking regime. Further we show that the Wigner measure approach can be
used to analyze high-frequency limits in the post-breaking regime, in
comparison with the traditional Fourier integral operator method. Finally we
present some illustrating examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168934 </DOCNO>
Perfect cloning of harmonic oscillator coherent states is possible


  We have withdrawn this paper due to a fatal flaw in eqn(38).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125878 </DOCNO>
Photometric redshifts from reconstructed QSO templates


  From SDSS commissioning photometric and spectroscopic data, we investigate
the utility of photometric redshift techniques to the task of estimating QSO
redshifts. We consider empirical methods (e.g. nearest-neighbor searches and
polynomial fitting), standard spectral template fitting and hybrid approaches
(i.e. training spectral templates from spectroscopic and photometric
observations of QSOs). We find that in all cases, due to the presence of strong
emission-lines within the QSO spectra, the nearest-neighbor and template
fitting methods are superior to the polynomial fitting approach. Applying a
novel reconstruction technique, we can, from the SDSS multicolor photometry,
reconstruct a statistical representation of the underlying SEDs of the SDSS
QSOs. Although, the reconstructed templates are based on only broadband
photometry the common emission lines present within the QSO spectra can be
recovered in the resulting spectral energy distributions. The technique should
be useful in searching for spectral differences among QSOs at a given redshift,
in searching for spectral evolution of QSOs, in comparing photometric redshifts
for objects beyond the SDSS spectroscopic sample with those in the well
calibrated photometric redshifts for objects brighter than 20th magnitude and
in searching for systematic and time variable effects in the SDSS broad band
photometric and spectral photometric calibrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41012 </DOCNO>
Semi-inclusive B Decays and Direct CP Violation in QCD Factorization


  We have systematically investigated the semi-inclusive B decays B->MX, which
are manifestations of the quark decay b->Mq, within the framework of
QCD-improved factorization. These decays are theoretically clean and have
distinctive experimental signatures. We focus on a class of these that do not
require any form factor information and therefore may be especially suitable
for extracting information on the angles $\alpha$ and $\gamma$ of the unitarity
triangle. The nonfactorizable effects, such as vertex-type and penguin-type
corrections to the two-body b decay and hard spectator corrections to the
3-body decay are calculable in the heavy quark limit. QCD factorization is
applicable when the emitted meson is a light meson or a charmonium. We discuss
the issue of the CPT constraint on partial rate asymmetries. The strong phase
coming from final-state rescattering due to hard gluon exchange between the
final states can induce large rate asymmetries for tree-dominated
color-suppressed modes $(\pi^0,\rho^0,\omega)X_{\bar s}$. The nonfactorizable
hard spectator interactions in the 3-body decay, though phase-space suppressed,
are extremely important for the tree-dominated modes
$(\pi^0,\rho^0,\omega)X_{\bar s}, \phi X$, $J X_s,J X$ and the
penguin-dominated mode $\omega X_{s\bar s}$. In fact, they are dominated by the
hard spectator corrections. Our result for ${\cal B} (B\to J/\psi X_s)$ is in
agreement with experiment. The semi-inclusive decay modes: $B^0_s\to
(\pi^0,\rho^0,\omega)X_{\bar s}$, $\rho^0X_{s\bar s}$, $B^0\to(K^-X,K^{*-}X)$
and $B^-\to (K^0X_s,K^{*0}X_s)$ are the most promising ones in searching for
direct CP violation. In fact, they have branching ratios of order
$10^{-6}-10^{-4}$ and CP rate asymmetries of order $(10-40)%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74333 </DOCNO>
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking due to Dimensional Reduction over


  A ten-dimensional supersymmetric $E_8$ gauge theory is compactified over
six-dimensional coset spaces, establishing further our earlier conjecture that
the resulting four dimensional theory is a softly broken supersymmetric gauge
theory in the case that the used coset space is non-symmetric. The specific
non-symmetric six-dimensional spaces examined in the present study are
$Sp(4)/(SU(2) \times U(1))_{non-max.}$ and $ SU(3)/U(1) \times U(1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40955 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Triple Gauge-Boson Couplings at LEP up to 189GeV


  The triple gauge-boson couplings involving the W are determined using data
samples collected with the ALEPH detector at mean centre-of-mass energies of
183 GeV and 189 GeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 57 pb^-1 and
174 pb^-1, respectively. The couplings, g^Z_1, Kappa_gamma and lambda_gamma,
are measured using W-pair events, single-W production and single-gamma
production. Each coupling is measured individually with the other two coupling
fixed at their Standard Model value. Including ALEPH results from lower
energies, the 95% confidence level intervals for the deviation to the Standard
Model are -0.087 < Dg^Z_1 < 0.141 -0.200 < DKappa_gamma < 0.258 -0.062 <
Lambda_gamma < 0.147. Fits are also presented where two or all three couplings
are allowed to vary. In addition, W-pair events are used to set limits on the
C- or P-violating couplings g^V_4, g^V_5, Kappa_V, and Lambda_V, where V
denotes either gamma or Z. No deviations from the Standard Model expectations
are observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41707 </DOCNO>
A study of RHIC crystal collimation


  The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) will experience increasing
longitudinal and transverse heavy ion emittances, mostly due to intra-beam
scattering (IBS). The experiments in RHIC are expected to not only have reduced
luminosities due to IBS but also an unwanted beam halo. Primary betatron
collimators will be used to remove the large amplitude particles. The
efficiency of the primary collimator in RHIC depends very much on the alignment
of the jaws which needs to be within few micro-radians for the best conditions.
As proposed by V. Biryukov bent crystals could be used to improve the
efficiency of an existing collimation system by installing them upstream of the
collimator jaws. Bent crystals have been successfully used in SPS, Protvino and
Fermilab for extraction of the beam particles channeled through them. This
study examines possible improvements of the primary collimator system for heavy
ions at RHIC by use of bent crystals. Bent crystals will reduce the collimator
jaws alignment requirement and will increase collimator efficiency thereby
reducing detector background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76525 </DOCNO>
Why the Very High Multiplicity events are rare


  The possibility to suppress the nonperturbative effects choosing the vary
high multiplicity final state is discussed. The theoretical uncertainties and
the experimental observable consequence of this choice are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 178 </DOCNO>
To Phenomenological Theory of Superfluidity. Superfluidity - Viscousless


  Despite of remarkable successes the theory of superfluidity, until now we
have no a physical explanation of an opportunity of existence of viscousless
flow of liquid helium in viscous medium. The existence of superfluid flow
becomes possible due to occurence of flicker noise and appropriate residual
temporary correlations of the superfluid velocity fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129633 </DOCNO>
Effects on the structure of the universe of an accelerating expansion


  Recent experimental results from supernovae Ia observations have been
interpreted to show that the rate of expansion of the universe is increasing.
Other recent experimental results find strong indications that the universe is
``flat.'' In this paper, I investigate some solutions of Einstein's field
equations which go smoothly between Schwarzschild's relativistic gravitational
solution near a mass concentration to the Friedmann-Lemaitre expanding universe
solution. In particular, the static, curved-space extension of the Lemaitre-
Schwarzschild solution in vacuum is given. Uniqueness conditions are discussed.
One of these metrics preserves the ``cosmological equation.'' We find that when
the rate of expansion of the universe is increasing, space is broken up into
domains of attraction. Outside a domain of attraction, the expansion of the
universe is strong enough to accelerate a test particle away from the domain
boundary. I give a domain-size--mass relationship. This relationship may very
well be important to our understanding of the large scale structure of the
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2773 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Origin of Giant Optical Nonlinearity in


  Comment on Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2086 (2001)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128128 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Plasma Diagnostics of Stellar Winds in Young Massive Stars


  High resolution X-ray spectra of very young massive stars opened a new
chapter in the diagnostics and understanding of the properties of stellar wind
plasmas. Observations of several very young early type stars in the Orion
Trapezium demonstrated that the conventional model of shock heated plasmas in
stellar winds is not sufficient to explain the observed X-ray spectra. Detailed
X-ray line diagnostics revealed extreme temperatures in some of the candidates
as well as evidence for high plasma densities. It is also evident from high
resolution spectra of more conventional early type stars, that not all show
such extreme characteristics. However, the fact that some of the stars show hot
and dense components and some do not requires more understanding of the
physical processes involved in stellar wind emissions. The Orion Trapezium
stars distinguish themselves from all the others by their extreme youth. By
comparing the diverse spectral properties of theta Ori A and theta Ori E with
those of theta Ori C, we further demonstrate that X-ray spectral properties of
very young massive stars are far from understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73874 </DOCNO>
Do mirror planets exist in our solar system?


  Mirror matter is predicted to exist if parity is an unbroken symmetry of
nature. Currently, there is a large amount of evidence that mirror matter
actually exists coming from astrophysics and particle physics. One of the most
fascinating (but speculative) possibilities is that there is a significant
abundance of mirror matter within our solar system. If the mirror matter
condensed to form a large body of planatary or stellar mass then there could be
interesting observable effects. Indeed studies of long period comets suggest
the existence of a solar companion which has escaped direct detection and is
therefore a candidate for a mirror body. Nemesis, hypothetical "death star"
companion of the Sun, proposed to explain biological mass extinctions, may
potentially be a mirror star. We examine the prospects for detecting these
objects if they do indeed exist and are made of mirror matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73035 </DOCNO>
Color superconducting quark matter


  I review recent progress in our understanding of the color superconducting
phase of matter above nuclear density, giving particular emphasis to the effort
to find observable signatures of the presence of this phase in compact stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98862 </DOCNO>
Godbillon-Vey invariants for families of foliations


  The classical Godbillon-Vey invariant is an odd degree cohomology class that
is a cobordism invariant of a single foliation. Here we investigate cohomology
classes of even degree that are cobordism invariants of (germs of) 1-parameter
families of foliations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128839 </DOCNO>
Comparison of bar strengths in active and non-active galaxies


  Bar strengths are compared between active and non-active galaxies for a
sample of 43 barred galaxies. The relative bar torques are determined using a
new technique (Buta and Block 2001), where maximum tangential forces are
calculated in the bar region, normalized to the axisymmetric radial force
field. We use JHK images of the 2 Micron All Sky Survey. We show a first clear
empirical indication that the ellipticies of bars are correlated with the
non-axisymmetric forces in the bar regions. We found that nuclear activity
appears preferentially in those early type galaxies in which the maximum bar
torques are weak and appear at quite large distances from the galactic center.
Most suprisingly the galaxies with the strongest bars are non-active. Our
results imply that the bulges may be important for the onset of nuclear
activity, but that the correlation between the nuclear activity and the early
type galaxies is not straightforward.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2374 </DOCNO>
Are randomly grown graphs really random?


  We analyze a minimal model of a growing network. At each time step, a new
vertex is added; then, with probability delta, two vertices are chosen
uniformly at random and joined by an undirected edge. This process is repeated
for t time steps. In the limit of large t, the resulting graph displays
surprisingly rich characteristics. In particular, a giant component emerges in
an infinite-order phase transition at delta = 1/8. At the transition, the
average component size jumps discontinuously but remains finite. In contrast, a
static random graph with the same degree distribution exhibits a second-order
phase transition at delta = 1/4, and the average component size diverges there.
These dramatic differences between grown and static random graphs stem from a
positive correlation between the degrees of connected vertices in the grown
graph--older vertices tend to have higher degree, and to link with other
high-degree vertices, merely by virtue of their age. We conclude that grown
graphs, however randomly they are constructed, are fundamentally different from
their static random graph counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81206 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD on PCs?


  Current PC processors are equipped with vector processing units and have
other advanced features that can be used to accelerate lattice QCD programs.
Clusters of PCs with a high-bandwidth network thus become powerful and
cost-effective machines for numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96929 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Differentials and Yang-Mills on Permutation Groups S_N


  We study noncommutative differential structures on permutation groups S_N,
defined by conjugacy classes. The 2-cycles class defines an exterior algebra
\Lambda_N which is a super analogue of the quadratic algebra E_N for Schubert
calculus on the cohomology of the flag variety. Noncommutative de Rahm
cohomology and moduli of flat connections are computed for N<6. We find that
flat connections of submaximal cardinality form a natural representation
associated to each conjugacy class, often irreducible, and are analogues of the
Dunkl elements in E_N. We also construct \Lambda_N and E_N as braided groups in
the category of S_N-crossed modules, giving a new approach to the latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73468 </DOCNO>
Partial Masslessness of Higher Spins in (A)dS


  Massive spin s>=3/2 fields can become partially massless in cosmological
backgrounds. In the plane spanned by m^2 and \Lambda, there are lines where new
gauge invariances permit intermediate sets of higher helicities, rather than
the usual flat space extremes of all 2s+1 massive or just 2 massless
helicities. These gauge lines divide the (m^2,\Lambda) plane into unitarily
allowed or forbidden intermediate regions where all 2s+1 massive helicities
propagate but lower helicity states can have negative norms. We derive these
consequences for s=3/2,2 by studying both their canonical (anti)commutators and
the transmutation of massive constraints to partially massless Bianchi
identities. For s=2, a Hamiltonian analysis exhibits the absence of zero
helicity modes in the partially massless sector. For s=5/2,3 we derive Bianchi
identities and their accompanying gauge invariances for the various partially
massless theories with propagating helicities (+/-5/2,+/-3/2) and (+/-3,+/-2),
(+/-3,+/-2,+/-1), respectively. Of these, only the s=3 models are unitary. To
these ends, we also provide the half integer generalization of the integer spin
wave operators of Lichnerowicz. Partial masslessness applies to all higher
spins in (A)dS as seen by their degree of freedom counts. Finally a derivation
of massive d=4 constraints by dimensional reduction from their d=5 massless
Bianchi identity ancestors is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5647 </DOCNO>
Bosonic behavior of excitons and screening: a consistent calculation


  Excitons have recently been shown to deviate from pure bosons at densities a
hundred times smaller than the Mott density. The corresponding calculations
relied on the unscreened excitonic ground state wavefunction. A consistent
inclusion of screening, by use of the fundamental eigenfunction of the
Hulth\'{e}n potential, vindicates this approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73352 </DOCNO>
Nonstandard neutrino properties and the high-energy cosmic neutrino flux


  Recently, it has been shown that cosmic neutrino flux at the GRB/AGN source,
$F_{\nu_e}^0 : F_{\nu_{\mu}}^0 : F_{\nu_{\tau}}^0 \simeq 1 :2 :0 $, inevitably
oscillates (in the three neutrino framework) to 1 : 1: 1, irrespective of the
mixing angle relevant to the solar data. It has also been pointed out that the
intrinsic flux of the cosmic high-energy neutrinos may not have the standard
ratio, in which case the cosmic neutrino flux in the far distance should be
dependent of the mixing angle. For neutrinos with nonzero electromagnetic
properties, we show in the latter case that matter effects on oscillations of
high-energy cosmic neutrinos can substantially modify the vacuum oscillation
probability, if the mass-squared difference is $\lsim 10^{-10}$ eV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168343 </DOCNO>
Experimental Tests for Stochastic Reduction Models


  Stochastic models for quantum state reduction give rise to statistical laws
that are in many respects in agreement with those of standard quantum
measurement theory. Here we construct a counterexample involving a Hamiltonian
with degenerate eigenvalues such that the statistical predictions of stochastic
reduction models differ from the predictions of quantum measurement theory. An
idealised experiment is proposed whereby the validity of these predictions can
be put to the test.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72650 </DOCNO>
Thermal ratio of the disorder deviation and the space-time deconfined


  A systematic study of the strongly interacting matter under extreme
conditions via the form of the thermal ratio of the disorder deviation is
presented. The evolution of fermi- and bose- particles (quarks and gluons) is
studied in the framework of multi-particle correlation and distribution
functions to predict the size of the finite-temperature deconfined phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83816 </DOCNO>
Conceptualising Regulatory Change - Explaining Shifts in


  Drawing on perspectives from telecommunications policy and neo-Gramscian
understandings of international political economy, this paper offers an
explanation and analysis of the shifting patterns of regulation which have been
evident in the telecommunications sector in recent years. It aims to illustrate
explain and explore the implications of the movement of regulatory sovereignty
away from the nation-state, through regional conduits, to global organisations
in the crystallisation of a world system of telecommunications governance.
  Our central argument is that telecommunications governance has evolved from a
regulatory arena characterised, in large part, by national diversity, to one
wherein a more convergent global multilayered system is emerging. We suggest
that the epicentre of this regulatory system is the relatively new World Trade
Organisation (WTO). Working in concert with the WTO are existing
well-established nodes regulation. In further complement, we see regional
regulatory projects, notably the European Union (EU), as important conduits and
nodes of regulation in the consolidation of a global regulatory regime.
  By way of procedure, we first explore the utility of a neo-Gramscian approach
for understanding the development of global regulatory frameworks. Second, we
survey something of the recent history - and, in extension, conventional wisdom
- of telecommunications regulation at national and regional levels. Third, we
demonstrate how a multilayered system of global telecommunications regulation
has emerged centred around the regulatory authority of the WTO. Finally, we
offer our concluding comments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75074 </DOCNO>
Interpreted History Of Neutrino Theory Of Light And Its Future


  De Broglie's original idea that a photon is composed of a
neutrino-antineutrino pair bound by some interaction was severely modified by
Jordan. Although Jordan addressed an important problem (photon statistics) that
de Broglie had not considered, his modifications may have been detrimental to
the development of a composite photon theory. His obsession with obtaining Bose
statistics for the composite photon made it easy for Pryce to prove his theory
untenable. Pryce also indicated that forming transversely-polarized photons
from neutrino-antineutrino pairs was impossible, but others have shown that
this is not a problem. Following Pryce, Berezinskii has proven that any
composite photon theory (using fermions) is impossible if one accepts five
assumptions. Thus, any successful composite theory must show which of
Berezinskii's assumptions is not valid. A method of forming composite particles
based on Fermi and Yang's model will be discussed. Such composite particles
have properties similar to conventional photons. However, unlike the situation
with conventional photon theory, Lorentz invariance can be satisfied without
the need for gauge invariance or introducing non-physical photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4828 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Heterostructures in B/N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes


  Carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional and very narrow. These obvious facts
imply that under doping with boron and nitrogen, microscopic doping
inhomogeneity is much more important than for bulk semiconductors. We consider
the possibility of exploiting such fluctuations to create interesting devices.
Using self-consistent tight-binding (SCTB), we study heavily doped highly
compensated nanotubes, revealing the spontaneous formation of structures
resembling chains of random quantum dots, or nano-scale diode-like elements in
series. We also consider truly isolated impurities, revealing simple scaling
properties of bound state sizes and energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148079 </DOCNO>
Relating Friedmann equation to Cardy formula in universes with


  A relation between the Friedmann equation and the Cardy formula has been
found for de Sitter closed and Anti de Sitter flat universes. For the remaining
(Anti) de Sitter universes the arguments fail, and we speculate whether the
general philosophy of holography can be satisfied in such contents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169532 </DOCNO>
Quantum key distribution with realistic states: photon-number statistics


  Quantum key distribution can be performed with practical signal sources such
as weak coherent pulses. One example of such a scheme is the Bennett-Brassard
protocol that can be implemented via polarization of the signals, or equivalent
signals. It turns out that the most powerful tool at the disposition of an
eavesdropper is the photon-number splitting attack. We show that this attack
can be extended in the relevant parameter regime such as to preserve the
Poissonian photon number distribution of the combination of the signal source
and the lossy channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129254 </DOCNO>
Limits from CGRO/EGRET Data on the Use of Antimatter as a Power Source


  I argue that the existence of cold antimatter in bulk is not permitted by the
Standard Model, so that if a gamma-ray signature from antiproton annihilation
were to be detected, it must represent either new physics or the action of
intelligence. Time variability of the signal would strongly support the second
alternative. The entire sky was scanned at the relevant energies (30 - 928 MeV)
by the EGRET experiment on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory during 1991
- 1995. A search of this database for the antiproton annihilation signature
yielded only upper limits on the flux (an intriguing spectrum detected from QSO
2206+650 = 3EG J2206+6602 is probably not related to SETI). The all-sky,
longterm 99% upper limit is 2.3 x 10^-8 photon/(cm2 s); it is a factor 10 worse
in the Galactic plane due to the higher diffuse gamma-ray background emission.
I give brief, but quantitative, illustrations of what this limit means for
nearby intelligent activities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74869 </DOCNO>
Probing Top-Charm Associated Production at the LHC in the R-parity


  We present the analytical and numerical investigations of top-charm
associated production at the LHC in the framework of the R-parity violating
MSSM. The numerical analysis of their production rates is carried out in the
mSUGRA scenario with some typical parameter sets. The results show that the
cross sections of associated $t\bar{c}(\bar{t}c)$ production via gluon-gluon
fusion can reach 5% of that via $d\bar{d}$ annihilation. The total cross
section will reach the order of $10 \sim 10^2 ~fb$ and the cross sections are
strongly related to the R-parity violating parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97127 </DOCNO>
Spectral Stability of the Neumann Laplacian


  We prove the equivalence of Hardy- and Sobolev-type inequalities, certain
uniform bounds on the heat kernel and some spectral regularity properties of
the Neumann Laplacian associated with an arbitrary region of finite measure in
Euclidean space. We also prove that if one perturbs the boundary of the region
within a uniform H\"older category then the eigenvalues of the Neumann
Laplacian change by a small and explicitly estimated amount.
        AMS subject classifications: 35P15, 35J25, 47A75, 47B25, 26D10, 46E35.
        Keywords: Neumann Laplacian, Sobolev inequalities, Hardy inequalities,
spectral stability, H\"older continuity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179498 </DOCNO>
The two-nucleon system in the $\Delta$ region including full meson


  A model is developed for the hadronic and electromagnetic interaction in the
two-nucleon system above pion threshold in the framework of meson, nucleon and
$\Delta$ degrees of freedom. It is based on time-ordered perturbation theory
and includes full meson retardation in potentials and exchange currents as well
as loop contributions to the nucleonic one-body current. Results for $NN$
scattering and deuteron photodisintegration are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125194 </DOCNO>
Detection and measurement of planetary systems with GAIA


  We use detailed numerical simulations and the $\upsilon$ Andromedae,
planetary system as a template to evaluate the capability of the ESA
Cornerstone Mission GAIA in detecting and measuring multiple planets around
solar-type stars in the neighborhood of the Solar System. For the outer two
planets of the $\upsilon$ Andromedae, system, GAIA high-precision global
astrometric measurements would provide estimates of the full set of orbital
elements and masses accurate to better than 1--10%, and would be capable of
addressing the coplanarity issue by determining the true geometry of the system
with uncertainties of order of a few degrees. Finally, we discuss the
generalization to a variety of configurations of potential planetary systems in
the solar neighborhood for which GAIA could provide accurate measurements of
unique value for the science of extra-solar planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127378 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal Emission from Accreting and Merging Clusters of Galaxies


  We compare the nonthermal emission from clusters of galaxies undergoing minor
mergers (``accreting'' clusters) and major mergers (``merging'' clusters). For
accreting clusters, the radial distribution of the nonthermal emission in the
clusters is also calculated. The relativistic electrons, which are the origin
of the nonthermal radiation through inverse Compton (IC) and synchrotron
mission, are assumed to be accelerated at shocks produced by accretion or
mergers. We estimate the typical accretion rate and merger probability
according to a hierarchical clustering model. We show that the total luminosity
of IC emission from accreting and merging clusters are similar. On the other
hand, the luminosity of synchrotron radio emission of the former is much
smaller than that of the latter. We show that about 10% of clusters at z~0
should have hard X-ray and radio nonthermal emissions due to their last major
merger, which are comparable to or dominate those due to ongoing accretion.
Moreover, 20-40% of clusters should have significant EUV emission due to their
last merger. We also investigate the case where the criterion of mergers is
relaxed. If we extend the definition of a merger to an increase in the mass of
the larger subcluster by at least 10% of its initial mass, about 20-30% of
clusters at z~0 should have hard X-ray and radio nonthermal emissions due to
the merger even in a low density universe. We compare the results with
observations. We find that the observed EUV emission from clusters is not
attributed to accretion. If the diffuse radio emission observed in clusters is
synchrotron emission from electrons accelerated via accretion or merging, the
magnetic fields of clusters are generally as small as ~0.1 mu G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149269 </DOCNO>
Quasibosons


  The similarity of the commutation relations for bosons and quasibosons
(fermion pairs) suggests the possibility that all integral spin particles
presently considered to be bosons could be quasibosons. The boson commutation
relations for integral spin particles could be just an approximation to the
quasiboson commutation relations that contain an extra term. Although the
commutation relation for quasibosons are slightly more complex, it is simpler
picture of matter in that only fermions and composite particles formed of
fermions exist. Mesons are usually referred to as bosons, but they must be
quasibosons since their internal structure is fermion (quark) pairs. The photon
is usually considered to be an elementary boson, but as shown here, existing
experiments do not rule out the possibility that it is also a quasiboson. We
consider how the quasiboson, composite nature of such a photon might manifest
itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149004 </DOCNO>
Quantum Chaos at Finite Temperature


  We use the quantum action to study quantum chaos at finite temperature. We
present a numerical study of a classically chaotic 2-D Hamiltonian system -
harmonic oscillators with anharmonic coupling. We construct the quantum action
non-perturbatively and find temperature dependent quantum corrections in the
action parameters. We compare Poincar\'{e} sections of the quantum action at
finite temperature with those of the classical action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74604 </DOCNO>
Fourth generation effects in rare (B_s -> l^+ l^-) and (B_s -> l^+ l^-


  The contribution of the fourth generation quarks to the rare (B_s -> l^+ l^-)
and (B_s -> l^+ l^- gamma) decays are studied. Using two possible solutions of
the 4x4 CKM matrix element (V_{t's}^* V_{t' b}), which are obtained from
experimental results on branching ratio for the (B_s -> X_s gamma) and
semileptonic (B_s -> X_c l bar(nu)) decays, the branching ratios of the
above-mentioned decays, as well as the photon spectrum in the (B_s -> l^+ l^-
gamma) decay, are studied. It is found that one of the solutions for (V_{t's}^*
V_{t'b}) yields results that are very different from the SM prediction, while
the results from the other solution for (V_{t's}^* V_{t'b}) are practically the
same as SM predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6855 </DOCNO>
On charge and orbital ordering in La0.5Sr1.5MnO4


  Using first principle band structure calculations, we critically examine
results of resonant x-ray scattering experiments which is believed to directly
probe charge and orbital ordering. Considering the specific case of
La0.5Sr1.5MnO4, we show that this technique actually probes most directly and
sensitively small structural distortions in the system. Such distortions, often
difficult to detect with more conventional techniques, invariably accompany and
usually cause the orbital and charge orderings. In this sense, this technique
is only an indirect probe of such types of ordering. Our results also provide a
microscopic explanation of the novel types of charge and orbital ordering
realized in this system and other doped manganites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149708 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Polytropic Gas Dynamics


  We construct the N=1 supersymmetric extension of the polytropic gas dynamics.
We give both the Lagrangian as well as the Hamiltonian description of this
system. We construct the infinite set of "Eulerian'' conserved charges
associated with this system and show that they are in involution, thereby
proving complete integrability of this system. We construct the SUSY -B
extension of this system as well and comment on the similarities and
differences between this system and an earlier construction of the
supersymmetric Chaplygin gas. We also derive the N=1 supersymmetric extension
of the elastic medium equations, which, however, do not appear to be
integrable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126246 </DOCNO>
Making Movies from Radio Astronomical Images with AIPS


  We present a detailed recipe for making movies from multi-epoch radio
observations of astronomical sources. Images are interpolated linearly in time
to create a smooth succession of frames so that a continuous movie can be
compiled. Here, we outline the procedure, and draw attention to specific
details necessary for making a successful movie. In particular, we discuss the
issues pertaining specifically to making polarization movies. The procedure
described here has been implemented into scripts in NRAO's AIPS package
(Brandeis AIPS Movie Maker -- BAMM) that are available for public use
(http://www.astro.brandeis.edu).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127210 </DOCNO>
A Synthesis of Data from Fundamental Plane and Surface Brightness


  We perform a series of comparisons between distance-independent photometric
and spectroscopic properties used in the surface brightness fluctuations (SBF)
and fundamental plane (FP) methods of early-type galaxy distance estimation.
The data are taken from two recent surveys: the SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances
and the Streaming Motions of Abell Clusters (SMAC) FP survey. We derive a
relation between V-I colour and Mg_2 index using nearly 200 galaxies and
discuss implications for Galactic extinction estimates and early-type galaxy
stellar populations. We find that the reddenings from Schlegel et al (1998) for
galaxies with $E(B{-}V) \gta 0.2$ mag appear to be overestimated by 5--10%, but
we do not find significant evidence for large-scale dipole errors in the
extinction map. In comparison to stellar population models having solar
elemental abundance ratios, the galaxies in our sample are generally too blue
at a given Mg_2; we ascribe this to the well-known enhancement of the
$\alpha$-elements in luminous early-type galaxies. We confirm a tight relation
between stellar velocity dispersion $\sigma$ and the SBF `fluctuation count'
parameter \Nbar, which is a luminosity-weighted measure of the total number of
stars in a galaxy. The correlation between \Nbar and $\sigma$ is even tighter
than that between Mg_2 and $\sigma$. Finally, we derive FP photometric
parameters for 280 galaxies from the SBF survey data set. Comparisons with
external sources allow us to estimate the errors on these parameters and derive
the correction necessary to bring them onto the SMAC system. The data are used
in a companion paper which compares the distances derived from the FP and SBF
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149609 </DOCNO>
Collapsing sphere on the brane radiates


  We study the analogue of the Oppenheimer-Snyder model of a collapsing sphere
of homogeneous dust on the Randall-Sundrum type brane. We show that the
collapsing sphere has the Vaidya radiation envelope which is followed by the
brane analogue of the Schwarzschild solution described by the
Reissner-Nordstrom metric. The collapsing solution is matched to the brane
generalized Vaidya solution and which in turn is matched to the
Reissner-Nordstrom metric. The mediation by the Vaidya radiation zone is the
new feature introduced by the brane. Since the radiating mediation is
essential, we are led to the remarkable conclusion that a collapsing sphere on
the brane does indeed, in contrast to general relativity, radiate null
radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123582 </DOCNO>
The Effects of Magnetic Fields on Radiative Cooling Jets


  We here review the results of recent studies of magnetic field effects on the
structure and evolution of overdense, radiative cooling, steady and pulsed jets
which were carried out with the help of fully three-dimensional MHD
simulations. Three initial magnetic field topologies are considered: (i) a
helical and (ii) a longitudinal field, both of which permeate the jet and the
ambient medium, and (iii) a pure toroidal field in the jet. Using a set of
parameters which is particularly suitable for protostellar jets, we examine the
emission structure of the internal knots and the leading working surface and
compare with a nonmagnetic baseline and also with 2-D MHD calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124409 </DOCNO>
The early-type galaxy population in Abell 2218


  (Abridged) We present morphological, photometric, kinematic and line-strength
data of 48 early-type members of the rich cluster Abell 2218 at z=0.18. This
sample is both larger and spans a wider galaxy luminosity range, down to
M*_B+1, than previous studies. We compare A2218 with similar samples drawn from
local clusters to identify evolutionary changes between the samples which have
occured over the last 3Gyrs. The overall picture is one of little or no
evolution in nearly all galaxy parameters. Zeropoint offsets in the
Faber--Jackson, Mg_b-sigma and Fundamental Plane relations are all consistent
with passively evolving stellar populations. The slopes of these relations have
not changed significantly. We do however find a significant spread in the
estimated luminosity-weighted ages of the stellar populations in the galaxies,
based on line diagnostic diagrams. This age spread is seen in both the disky
early-type galaxies (S0) and also the ellipticals. We observe both ellipticals
with a strong contribution from a young stellar population and lenticulars
dominated by old stellar populations. On average, we find no evidence for
systematic differences between the populations of ellipticals and lenticulars.
This points to a common formation epoch for the bulk of the stars in most of
the early-type galaxies in A2218. This result can be reconciled with the claims
of rapid morphological evolution in distant clusters if the suggested
transformation from spirals to lenticulars does not involve significant new
star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127547 </DOCNO>
Mapping the interstellar dust with near-infrared observations: An


  We generalize the technique of Lada et al. (1994) to map dust column density
through a molecular cloud (NICE) to an optimized multi-band technique (NICER)
that can be applied to any multi-band survey of molecular clouds. We present a
first application to a ~625 deg^2 subset of the Two Micron All Sky Survey
(2MASS) data and show that when compared to NICE, the optimized NICER technique
(i) achieves the same extinction peak values, (ii) improves the noise variance
of the map by a factor of 2 and (iii) is able to reach 3 \sigma dust extinction
measurements as low as A_V = 0.5 magnitudes, better than or equivalent to
classical optical star count techniques and below the threshold column density
for the formation of CO, the brightest H2 tracer in radio-spectroscopy
techniques. The application of the NICER techniques to near-infrared data
obtained with a 8 meter-class telescope with a state-of-the-art NIR camera,
such as the VLT-ISAAC combination, will be able to achieve dynamic ranges from
below 10^21 protons cm^-2 to over 10^23 protons cm^-2 (A_V in the range [0.3,
60]) and spatial resolutions < 10'', making use of a single and straightforward
column density tracer, extinction by interstellar dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74343 </DOCNO>
4D Constructions of Supersymmetric Extra Dimensions and Gaugino


  We present 4D gauge theories which at low energies coincide with higher
dimensional supersymmetric (SUSY) gauge theories on a transverse lattice. We
show that in the simplest case of pure 5D SUSY Yang-Mills there is an
enhancement of SUSY in the continuum limit without fine-tuning. This result no
longer holds in the presence of matter fields, in which case fine-tuning is
necessary to ensure higher dimensional Lorentz invariance and supersymmetry. We
use this construction to generate 4D models which mimic gaugino mediation of
SUSY breaking. The way supersymmetry breaking is mediated in these models to
the MSSM is by assuming that the physical gauginos are a mixture of a number of
gauge eigenstate gauginos: one of these couples to the SUSY breaking sector,
while another couples to the MSSM matter fields. The lattice can be as coarse
as just two gauge groups while still obtaining the characteristic
gaugino-mediated soft breaking terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74597 </DOCNO>
Scale of fermion mass generation


  Unitarity of longitudinal weak vector boson scattering implies an upper bound
on the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking, $\Lambda_{EWSB}\equiv
\sqrt{8\pi}v\approx$ 1 TeV. Appelquist and Chanowitz have derived an analogous
upper bound on the scale of fermion mass generation, proportional to $v^2/m_f$,
by considering the scattering of same-helicity fermions into pairs of
longitudinal weak vector bosons in a theory without a standard Higgs boson. We
show that there is no upper bound, beyond that on the scale of electroweak
symmetry breaking, in such a theory. This result is obtained by considering the
same process, but with a large number of longitudinal weak vector bosons in the
final state. We further argue that there is no scale of (Dirac) fermion mass
generation in the standard model. In contrast, there is an upper bound on the
scale of Majorana-neutrino mass generation, given by $\Lambda_{Maj}\equiv 4\pi
v^2/m_\nu$. In general, the upper bound on the scale of fermion mass generation
depends on the dimensionality of the interaction responsible for generating the
fermion mass. We explore the scale of fermion mass generation in a variety of
excursions from the standard model: models with fermions in nonstandard
representations, a theory with higher-dimension interactions, a
two-Higgs-doublet model, and models without a Higgs boson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76575 </DOCNO>
QCD Description of Angular Correlations


  We review the predictions on angular correlations and their recent
experimental tests at LEP and HERA. Power behaviour of correlation functions
appear for large angles and reflect the underlying fractal structure in jet
evolution. Asymptotic scaling laws work rather well for the low momentum
particles. For angular correlations the predictions work at least
qualitatively, sometimes quantitatively, at LEP and the higher HERA energies.
Some limitations of the approach and possible improvements are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6532 </DOCNO>
Anomalous diffusion in non-equilibrium relativistic heavy-ion rapidity


  There is experimental and theoretical evidence that the broad rapidity
distribution of net proton yield in central heavy-ion collisions at SPS
energies could be a signal of non-equilibrium properties of the system. We show
that the broad rapidity shape can be well reproduced in the framework of a
non-linear relativistic Fokker-Planck dynamics which incorporates non-extensive
statistics and anomalous diffusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76488 </DOCNO>
Are Heavy Particles Boltzmann Suppressed?


  Matsumoto and Yoshimura have recently argued that the number density of heavy
particles in a thermal bath is not necessarily Boltzmann-suppressed for T<<M,
as power law corrections may emerge at higher orders in perturbation theory.
This fact might have important implications on the determination of WIMP relic
densities. On the other hand, the definition of number densities in a
interacting theory is not a straightforward procedure. It usually requires
renormalization of composite operators and operator mixing, which obscure the
physical interpretation of the computed thermal average. We propose a new
definition for the thermal average of a composite operator, which does not
require any new renormalization counterterm and is thus free from such
ambiguities. Applying this definition to the annihilation model of Matsumoto
and Yoshimura we find that it gives number densities which are
Boltzmann-suppressed at any order in perturbation theory. We discuss also heavy
particles which are unstable already at T=0, showing that power law corrections
do in general emerge in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168169 </DOCNO>
Onset of Chaos in a Model of Quantum Computation


  We show that a magnetic field gradient can suppress the onset of quantum
chaos in a nuclear spin chain quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 305 </DOCNO>
Complexation between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes: beyond the


  We consider the phase behavior of polymeric systems by calculating the
structure factors beyond the Random Phase Approximation. The effect of this
correction to the mean-field RPA structure factor is shown to be important in
the case of coulombic systems. Two examples are given: simple electrolytes and
mixtures of incompatible oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. In this last
case, all former studies predicted an enhancement of compatibility for
increasing charge densities; we also describe the complexation transition
between the polyelectrolytes. We determine a phase diagram of the
polyelectrolyte mixture that includes both complexation and incompatibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4215 </DOCNO>
Crystal Symmetry and Time Scales


  The relation between the notion of crystalline symmetry and characteristic
time intervals when this symmetry could be observed is analyzed. Several time
scales are shown to exist for a system of interacting particles. It is only
when the observation time is much larger than the mesoscopic fluctuation time,
the notion of crystalline symmetry becomes physically meaningful. The ideas are
concretized by a two-phase lattice model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72457 </DOCNO>
Mixing-Matrix Renormalization Revisited


  We study the renormalization of normal mixing matrices, which includes
hermitian and unitary matrices as particular cases. We give a minimal,
multiplicative parametrization of counterterms, and compute the renormalized
Lagrangian to one-loop order in several models with N species of fermions, both
in on-shell and MS schemes. In on-shell scheme the mass-degenerate case is
considered separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126922 </DOCNO>
CCD drift-scan imaging lunar occultations: a feasible approach for


  A CCD drift-scanning technique for lunar occultation (LO) observations is
presented. While this approach has been addressed before by Sturmann (1994) for
the case of large telescopes, the technical validity has never been discussed
for sub-meter class telescopes. In contrast to Sturmann's scheme, the proposed
technique places the CCD in the image plane of the telescope. This does not
represent a problem in the case of small telescopes, where the practical
angular resolution attainable by LO is not limited by aperture smoothing.
Photon-generated charge is read out at millisecond rate on a column-per-column
basis, as the diffraction pattern of the occulted star is being tracked. Two LO
events (SAO 79031 and SAO 77911) were observed to demonstrate the feasibility
of the method. Data analysis was carried out and no angular diameter the
observed stars were resolved. We show, however, that the technique could be
useful for close binary detections with small telescopes. A discussion of the
limiting resolution and magnitude imposed by our instrumentation is carried
out, showing that drift-scanning technique could be extended to 1-2m telescopes
for stellar diameter determination purposes. Finally, we point out that the
technical demands required by this technique can be easily met by most small
professional observatories and advanced amateurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124856 </DOCNO>
A Search for Rapid Photometric Variability in Symbiotic Binaries


  We report on our survey for rapid (time scale of minutes) photometric
variability in symbiotic binaries. These binaries are becoming an increasingly
important place to study accretion onto white dwarfs since they are candidate
Type Ia supernovae progenitors. Unlike in most cataclysmic variables, the white
dwarfs in symbiotics typically accrete from a wind, at rates greater than or
equal to 10^{-9} solar masses per year. In order to elucidate the differences
between symbiotics and other white dwarf accretors, as well as search for
magnetism in symbiotic white dwarfs, we have studied 35 primarily northern
symbiotic binaries via differential optical photometry. Our study is the most
comprehensive to date of rapid variability in symbiotic binaries. We have found
one magnetic accretor, Z And, previously reported by Sokoloski & Bildsten
(1999). In four systems (EG And, BX Mon, CM Aql, and BF Cyg), some evidence for
flickering at a low level (roughly 10 mmag) is seen for the first time. These
detections are, however, marginal. For 25 systems, we place tight upper limits
(order of mmag) on both aperiodic and periodic variability, highlighting a
major difference between symbiotics and cataclysmic variables. The remaining
five of the objects included in our sample (the 2 recurrent novae RS Oph and T
CrB, plus CH Cyg, o Ceti, and MWC 560) had previous detections of
large-amplitude optical flickering, and we present our extensive observations
of these systems in a separate paper. We discuss the impact of our results on
the ``standard'' picture of wind-fed accretion, and speculate on the
possibility that in most symbiotics, light from quasi-steady nuclear burning on
the surface of the white dwarf hides the fluctuating emission from accretion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128960 </DOCNO>
Chandra observations of NGC 253. II: On the origin of diffuse X-ray


  We present a detailed case study of the diffuse X-ray and H-alpha emission in
the halo of NGC 253, a nearby edge-on starburst galaxy driving a galactic
superwind. The arcsecond spatial resolution of the Chandra ACIS instrument
allows us to study the spatial and spectral properties of the diffuse X-ray
emitting plasma with greatly superior spatial and spectral resolution compared
to previous X-ray instruments. We find statistically significant structure
within the X-ray diffuse emission on angular scales down to ~10 arcsec (~130
pc). There is no statistically significant evidence for any spatial variation
in the spectral properties of the diffuse emission, over scales from ~400 pc to
\~3 kpc. We show that the X-shaped soft X-ray morphology of the superwind,
previously revealed by ROSAT, is matched by very similar X-shaped H-alpha
emission, extending at least 8 kpc above the plane of the galaxy. In the
northern halo the X-ray emission appears to lie slightly interior to the
boundary marked by the H-alpha emission. The total 0.3-2.0 keV energy band
X-ray luminosity of the northern halo, L_X ~ 5e38 erg/s, is very similar to the
halo H-alpha luminosity of L_Ha ~ 4e38 erg/s, both of which are a small
fraction of the estimated wind energy injection rate of ~1e42 erg/s from
supernovae in the starburst. We show that there are a variety of models that
can simultaneously explain spatially-correlated X-ray and H-alpha emission in
the halos of starburst galaxies. These findings indicate that the physical
origin of the X-ray-emitting million-degree plasma in superwinds is closely
linked to the presence of much cooler and denser T ~ 1e4 K gas, not only within
the central kpc regions of starbursts, but also on ~10 kpc-scales within the
halos of these galaxies. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167974 </DOCNO>
The mean king's problem: Spin 1


  We show how one can ascertain the values of four mutually complementary
observables of a spin-1 degree of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148327 </DOCNO>
A Note on Noncommutative Chern-Simons Theories


  The three dimensional Chern-Simons theory on $\rr^2_{\theta}\times \rr$ is
studied. Considering the gauge transformations under the group elements which
are going to one at infinity, we show that under arbitrary (finite) gauge
transformations action changes with an integer multiple of $2\pi$ {\it if}, the
level of noncommutaitive Chern-Simons is {\it quantized}. We also briefly
discuss the case of the noncommutaitve torus and some other possible
extensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126403 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry of Variable Early-Type Be and B stars


  High-dispersion IUE data encode significant information about aggregate line
absorptions that cannot be conveniently extracted from individual spectra. We
apply a new technique in which fluxes from each echelle order of a short
wavelength IUE spectrum are binned together to construct low-resolution spectra
of a rapidly varying B or Be star. The ratio of binned spectra obtained bright-
star and faint-star phases contains information about the mechanism responsible
for a star's variability, such as from pulsations or occultations of the star
by ejected matter. We model the variations caused by these mechanism by means
of model atmosphere and absorbing-slab codes. Line absorptions strength changes
are sensitive to conditions in circumstellar clouds with T = 8,000--13,000K. To
demonstrate proofs of concept, we construct spectral ratios for circumstellar
structures associated with flux variability in various Be stars: (1) Vela X1
has bow-shock wind trailing its neutron star companion and shows signatures of
gas at 13,000K or 26,000K medium in different sectors, (2) 88 Her undergoes
episodic outbursts as its UV flux fades, followed a year later by a dimming in
visible wavelengths, a result of a gray opacity that dominates as the shell
expands and cools, and (3) zeta Tau and 60 Cyg exhibit periodic spectrum and
flux changes, which match model absorptions for occulting clouds. Also, ratioed
UV spectra of strongly pulsating stars show unique spectrophotometric
signatures which can be simulated with models. An analysis of ratioed spectra
obtained for a typical sample of 18 classical Be stars known to have rapid
periodic flux variations indicates that 13 of them have ratioed spectra which
are relatively featureless or have signatures of pulsation. Ratioed spectra of
3 others in the sample are consistent with the presence of co-rotating clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179683 </DOCNO>
Enhanced excitation of Giant Pairing Vibrations in heavy-ion reactions


  The use of radioactive ion beams is shown to offer the possibility to study
collective pairing states at high excitation energy, which are not usually
accessible with stable projectiles because of large energy mismatch. In the
case of two-neutron stripping reactions induced by 6He, we predict a population
of the Giant Pairing Vibration in 208Pb or 116Sn with cross sections of the
order of a millibarn, dominating over the mismatched transition to the ground
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124307 </DOCNO>
Bispectrum speckle interferometry observations and radiative transfer


  (abridged) NML Cyg is a highly evolved OH/IR supergiant and supposed to be
among the most luminous supergiants in the galaxy. We present the first
diffraction limited 2.13micron observations of NML Cyg with 73mas resolution.
The speckle interferograms were obtained with the SAO 6m telescope, image
reconstruction is based on the bispectrum speckle interferometry method.
Radiative transfer calculations have been carried out to model the spectral
energy distribution, our 2.13micron visibility function, and mid-infrared
visibility functions. The observed dust shell properties do not appear to be in
accordance with single-shell models but seem to require multiple components.
Considering previous periods of enhanced mass-loss, various density
enhancements in the dust shell were taken into account. An extensive grid of
models was calculated for different locations and strenghts of such superwind
regions in the dust shell. To match the observations from the optical to the
sub-mm domain requires at least two superwind regions embedded in the shell.
The best model includes a dust shell with a temperature of 1000K at its inner
radius of 6.2Rstar, a close embedded superwind shell extending from 15.5Rstar
to 21.7Rstar with amplitude 10 (factor of density enhancement), and a far-out
density enhancement at 186Rstar with amplitude 5. The angular diameter of the
inner dust-shell rim amounts to 105mas. Within the various parts of the dust
shell, 1/r^2 density distributions could be maintained differing only in their
amplitude A. The present-day mass-loss rate was determined to be 1.2 10^-4
Msol/yr. The inner embedded superwind shell corresponds to a phase of enhanced
mass-loss which began ~59yr ago and lasted for ~18yr, and the outer superwind
region to a high mass-loss period which terminated 529yr ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149950 </DOCNO>
Weyl Invariant Gonihedric Strings


  We study quantum corrections in the earlier proposed string theory, which is
based on Weyl invariant purely extrinsic curvature action. At one-loop level it
remains Weyl invariant irrespective of the dimension D of the embedding
spacetime. To some extent the counterterms are reminiscent of the ones in pure
quantum gravity. At classical level the string tension is equal to zero and
quarks viewed as open ends of the surface are propagating freely without
interaction. We demonstrate that quantum fluctuations generate nonzero area
term (string tension).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123577 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rays below Z=30 in a diffusion model: new constraints on


  Cosmic ray nuclei fluxes are expected to be measured with high precision in
the near future. For instance, high quality data on the antiproton component
could give important clues about the nature of the astronomical dark matter. A
very good understanding of the different aspects of cosmic ray propagation is
therefore necessary. In this paper, we use cosmic ray nuclei data to give
constraints on the diffusion parameters. Propagation is studied with
semi-analytical solutions of a diffusion model, and we give new analytical
solutions for radioactively produced species. Our model includes convection and
reacceleration as well as the standard energy losses. We perform a $\chi^2$
analysis over B/C data for a large number of configurations obtained by varying
the relevant parameters of the diffusion model. A very good agreement with B/C
data arises for a number of configurations, all of which are compatible with
sub-Fe/Fe data. Different source spectra $Q(E)$ and diffusion coefficients
$K(E)$ have been tried, but for both parameters only one form gives a good fit.
Another important result is that models without convection or without
reacceleration are excluded. We find that the various parameters, i.e. the
diffusion coefficient normalisation $K_0$ and spectral index $\delta$, the halo
thickness $L$, the Alfv\'en velocity $V_a$, and the convection velocity $V_c$
are strongly correlated. We obtain limits on the spectral index $\delta$ of
thediffusion coefficient, and in particular we exclude a Kolmogorov spectrum
($\delta = 1/3$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75351 </DOCNO>
$\Delta F=2$ processes in the MSSM in large $\tan\beta$ limit


  We discuss corrections to $\Delta M_{B_d}$, $\Delta M_{B_s}$ and to the CP
violation parameter $\epsilon$ in two examples of (generalized) minimal flavour
violation models: 2HDM and MSSM in the large $\tan\beta$ limit. We show that
for $H^+$ not too heavy, $\Delta M_{B_s}$ in the MSSM with heavy sparticles can
be substantially smaller than in the SM due the charged Higgs box contributions
and in particular due to the growing like $\tan^4\beta$ contribution of the
double penguin diagrams involving neutral Higgs boson exchanges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2121 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory dynamics and organization of the vortex solid in YBa2Cu3O7


  We report on the degree of order of the vortex solid in YBa2Cu3O7 single
crystals observed in ac susceptibility measurements. We show that when vortices
are "shaken" by a temporarily symmetric ac field they are driven into an
easy-to-move, ordered structure but, on the contrary, when the ac field is
temporarily asymmetric, they are driven into a more pinned disordered state.
This is characteristic of tearing of the vortex lattice and shows that ordering
due to symmetric ac fields is essentially different from an equilibration
process or a dynamical crystallization that is expected to occur at high
driving currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74148 </DOCNO>
Probabilities of rapidity gaps in high energy interactions


  We show that high energy hadronic reactions which contain a rapidity gap and
a hard subprocess have a specific dependence on the kinematic variables, which
results in a characteristic behaviour of the survival probability of the gap.
We incorporate this mechanism in a two-channel eikonal model to make an
essentially parameter-free estimate of diffractive dijet production at the
Tevatron, given the diffractive structure functions measured at HERA. The
estimates are in surprising agreement with the measurements of the CDF
collaboration. We briefly discuss the application of the model to other hard
processes with rapidity gaps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5720 </DOCNO>
Electromechanical noise in a diffusive conductor


  Electrons moving in a conductor can transfer momentum to the lattice via
collisions with impurities and boundaries, giving rise to a fluctuating
mechanical stress tensor. The root-mean-squared momentum transfer per
scattering event in a disordered metal (of dimension L greater than the mean
free path l and screening length xi) is found to be reduced below the Fermi
momentum by a factor of order l/L for shear fluctuations and (xi/L)^2 for
pressure fluctuations. The excitation of an elastic bending mode by the shear
fluctuations is estimated to fall within current experimental sensitivity for a
nanomechanical oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96753 </DOCNO>
Elliptic and Hyperelliptic Solutions of Discrete Painlev\'e I and Its


  The solutions of the discrete Painlev\'e equation I were constructed in terms
of elliptic and hyperelliptic $\psi$ functions for algebraic curves of genera
one and two. For the case of genus two, there appear higher order difference
equations which naturally contain the discrete Painlev\'e equation I as a
special case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73952 </DOCNO>
The Inflationary Brane-Antibrane Universe


  We show how the motion through the extra dimensions of a gas of branes and
antibranes can, under certain circumstances, produce an era of inflation as
seen by observers trapped on a 3-brane, with the inflaton being the inter-brane
separation. Although most of our discussion refers to arbitrary p-branes, when
we need to be specific we assume that they are D-branes of Type II or Type I
string theory. For realistic brane couplings, such as those arising in string
theory, the inter-brane potentials are too steep to inflate the universe for
acceptably long times. However, for special regions of the parameter space of
brane-antibrane positions the brane motion is slow enough for there to be
sufficient inflation. Inflation would be more generic in models where the
inter-brane interactions are much weaker. The spectrum of primordial density
fluctuations predicted has index n slightly less than 1, and an acceptable
amplitude, provided that the extra dimensions have linear size 1/r ~ 10^{12}
GeV. Reheating occurs as in hybrid inflation, with the tachyonic instability of
the brane-antibrane system taking over for small separations. The tachyon field
can induce a cascade mechanism within which higher-dimension branes annihilate
into lower-dimension ones. We argue that such a cascade naturally stops with
the production of 3-branes in 10-dimensional string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148564 </DOCNO>
On Stability Of The Crystal Universe Models


  We generalize the Goldberger-Wise mechanism and study the stability of the
Crystal Universe models. We show that the model can be stabilized, however for
configurations of Crystal Universe in the absence of fine-tuning, brane
crystals are not equidistant, i.e. a $"-+"$ pair is far away from adjacent
$"-+"$ pair, except for the fixed points of the orbifold, which differs from
the assumptions taken in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73137 </DOCNO>
SU(N) gauge theories in four dimensions: exploring the approach to N =


  We calculate the string tension, K, and some of the lightest glueball masses,
M, in 3+1 dimensional SU(N) lattice gauge theories for N=2,3,4,5 . From the
continuum extrapolation of the lattice values, we find that the mass ratios,
M/sqrt(K), appear to show a rapid approach to the large-N limit, and, indeed,
can be described all the way down to SU(2) using just a leading O(1/NxN)
correction. We confirm that the smooth large-N limit we find, is obtained by
keeping a constant 't Hooft coupling. We also calculate the topological charge
of the gauge fields. We observe that, as expected, the density of small-size
instantons vanishes rapidly as N increases, while the topological
susceptibility appears to have a non-zero N=infinity limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85861 </DOCNO>
Superfluid neutron stars


  Neutron stars are believed to contain (neutron and proton) superfluids. I
will give a summary of a macroscopic description of the interior of neutron
stars, in a formulation which is general relativistic. I will also present
recent results on the oscillations of neutron stars, with superfluidity
explicitly taken into account, which leads in particular to the existence of a
new class of modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5967 </DOCNO>
Effects of Paramagnetic Ferrocenium Cations on the Magnetic Properties


  The preparation and physical characterization are reported for several
single-molecule magnet salts to investigate the effects of paramagnetic cations
on the magnetization relaxation behavior of [Mn12]- anionic single-molecule
magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72720 </DOCNO>
Bi-maximal Neutrino Mixing And Anomalous Flavor ${\cal U}(1)$


  We describe how bi-maximal neutrino mixing can be realized in realistic
models based on MSSM and SUSY GUTs such as SU(5) and SO(10). A crucial role is
played by an anomalous ${\cal U}(1)$ flavor symmetry, which also helps
understand the observed charged fermion mass hierarchies and the magnitudes of
the CKM matrix elements. While in MSSM a variety of solutions for the solar
neutrino puzzle are possible, SUSY SU(5) and SO(10) only permit the large
mixing angle MSW solution. Models in which the ${\cal U}(1)$ symmetry also
mediates SUSY breaking allow both the large mixing angle and the low MSW
solutions.
  We also present renormalization group studies for the neutrino mass matrix,
generated through the ${\cal U}(1)$ flavor symmetry. Our analysis shows that
renormalization does not change the desirable picture of bi-maximal mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75447 </DOCNO>
Contribution of higher meson resonances to the electromagnetic


  Modifications of the DGMLY relation for calculation of electromagnetic
$\pi$-meson mass difference based on the Chiral Symmetry Restoration phenomenon
at high energies as well as the Operator Product Expansion of quark densities
for vector ($\rho$) and axial-vector ($a_1$) meson fields difference are
proposed. In the calculations higher meson resonances in vector and
axial-vector channels are taken into account. It is shown that the inclusion of
the first $\rho$ and $a_1$ radial excitations improves the results for
electromagnetic $\pi$-meson mass difference as compared with the previous ones.
Estimations on the electromagnetic $\rho$ and $a_1$-meson decay constants and
the constant $L_{10}$ of effective chiral Lagrangian are obtained from the
generalized Weinberg sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129076 </DOCNO>
Gamma Ray Bursts as Probes of the First Stars


  The redshift where the first stars formed is an important and unknown
milestone in cosmological structure formation. The evidence linking gamma ray
bursts (GRBs) with star formation activity implies that the first GRBs occurred
shortly after the first stars formed. Gamma ray bursts and their afterglows may
thus offer a unique probe of this epoch, because they are bright from gamma ray
to radio wavelengths and should be observable to very high redshift. Indeed,
our ongoing near-IR followup programs already have the potential to detect
bursts at redshift z ~ 10. In these proceedings, we discuss two distinct ways
of using GRBs to probe the earliest star formation. First, direct GRB counts
may be used as a proxy for star formation rate measurements. Second, high
energy cutoffs in the GeV spectra of gamma ray bursts due to pair production
with high redshift optical and ultraviolet background photons contain
information on early star formation history. The second method is
observationally more demanding, but also more rewarding, because each observed
pair creation cutoff in a high redshift GRB spectrum will tell us about the
integrated star formation history prior to the GRB redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73573 </DOCNO>
Absolute determination of D_s branching ratios and f_{D_s} extraction at


  A method for a direct measurement of the exclusive D_s branching ratios and
of the decay constant f_{D_s} with a systematical error better than 5% is
presented. The approach is based on the peculiar vertex topology of the
anti-neutrino induced diffractive charm events. The statistical accuracy
achievable with a neutrino factory is estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148418 </DOCNO>
$W_n^{(\ka)}$ algebra associated with the Moyal KdV Hierarchy


  We consider the Gelfand-Dickey (GD) structure defined by the Moyal
$\star$-product with parameter $\ka$, which not only defines the bi-Hamiltonian
structure for the generalized Moyal KdV hierarchy but also provides a
$W_n^{(\ka)}$ algebra containing the Virasoro algebra as a subalgebra with
central charge $\ka^2(n^3-n)/3$.
 The free-field realization of the $W_n^{(\ka)}$ algebra is given through the
Miura transformation and the cases for $W_3^{(\ka)}$ and $W_4^{(\ka)}$ are
worked out in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98363 </DOCNO>
Orthogonal and Symplectic Black Box Groups, Revisited


  We propose a simple one sided Monte-Carlo algorithm to distinguish, to any
given degree of certainty, between certain symplectic and orthogonal groups
over fields of odd order. The algorithm does not use an order oracle and works
in polynomial time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123705 </DOCNO>
Do angular momentum induced ellipticity correlations contaminate weak


  Alignments in the angular momentum vectors of galaxies can induce large scale
correlations in their projected orientations. Such alignments arise from the
tidal torques exerted on neighboring proto-galaxies by the smoothly varying
shear field. Weak gravitational lensing can also induce ellipticity
correlations since the images of neighboring galaxies will be distorted
coherently by the intervening mass distribution. Comparing these two sources of
shape correlations, it is found that for current weak lensing surveys with a
median redshift of 1, the intrinsic signal is a contaminant on the order of
1-10% of the measured signal. However, for shallower surveys, the intrinsic
correlations dominate over the lensing signal. The distortions induced by
lensing are curl-free, whereas those resulting from intrinsic alignments are
not. This difference can be used to disentangle these two sources of
ellipticity correlations. When the distortions are dominated by lensing, as
occurs at high redshifts, the decomposition provides a valuable tool for
understanding properties of the noise and systematic errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41716 </DOCNO>
Search for the lepton-family-number nonconserving decay \mu -> e +


  The MEGA experiment, which searched for the muon- and electron-number
violating decay \mu -> e + \gamma, is described. The spectrometer system, the
calibrations, the data taking procedures, the data analysis, and the
sensitivity of the experiment are discussed. The most stringent upper limit on
the branching ratio of \mu -> e + \gamma) < 1.2 x 10^{-11} was obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129107 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of Globular Clusters in M81


  We present moderate-resolution spectroscopy of globular clusters (GCs) around
the Sa/Sb spiral galaxy M81 (NGC 3031). Sixteen candidate clusters were
observed with the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph on the Keck I telescope.
All are confirmed as bona fide GCs, although one of the clusters appears to
have been undergoing a transient event during our observations. In general, the
M81 globular cluster system (GCS) is found to be very similar to the Milky Way
(MW) and M31 systems, both chemically and kinematically. A kinematic analysis
of the velocities of 44 M81 GCS, (the 16 presented here and 28 from previous
work) strongly suggests that the red, metal-rich clusters are rotating in the
same sense as the gas in the disk of M81. The blue, metal-poor clusters have
halo-like kinematics, showing no evidence for rotation. The kinematics of
clusters whose projected galactocentric radii lie between 4 and 8 kpc suggest
that they are rotating much more than those which lie outside these bounds. We
suggest that these rotating, intermediate-distance clusters are analogous to
the kinematic sub-population in the metal-rich, disk GCs observed in the MW and
we present evidence for the existence of a similar sub-population in the
metal-rich clusters of M31. With one exception, all of the M81 clusters in our
sample have ages that are consistent with MW and M31 GCs. One cluster may be as
young as a few Gyrs. The correlations between absorption-line indices
established for MW and M31 GCs also hold in the M81 cluster system, at least at
the upper end of the metallicity distribution (which our sample probes). On the
whole, the mean metallicity of the M81 GCS is similar to the metallicity of the
MW and M31 GCSs. The projected mass of M81 is similar to the masses of the MW
and M31. Its mass profile indicates the presence of a dark matter halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41299 </DOCNO>
Are there nu_mu or nu_tau in the flux of solar neutrinos on earth?


  Using the model independent method of Villante, Fiorentini, Lisi, Fogli,
Palazzo, and the rates measured in the SNO and Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino
experiment, we calculate the amount of active nu_mu or nu_tau present in the
flux of solar neutrinos on Earth. We show that the probability of
nu_e->nu_{mu,tau} transitions is larger than zero at 99.89% CL. We find that
the averaged flux of nu_{mu,tau} on Earth is larger than 0.17 times the 8B nu_e
flux predicted by the BP2000 Standard Solar Model at 99% CL. We discuss also
the consequences of possible nu_e->anti-nu_{mu,tau} or nu_e->anti-nu_e
transitions of solar neutrinos. We derive a model-independent lower limit of
0.52 at 99% CL for the ratio of the 8B nu_e flux produced in the Sun and its
value in the BP2000 Standard Solar Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99049 </DOCNO>
The Hopf algebra structure of GL(1,H$_q)$ and the isomorphism between


  In this Letter, we introduce the Hopf algebra structure of the quantum
quaternionic group GL(1,H$_q)$ and discuss the isomorphism between the quantum
symplectic group SP$_q(1)$ and the quantum unitary group SU$_q(2)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6601 </DOCNO>
Far infrared thermal spectroscopy of low-Tc and high-Tc superconductor


  Temperature dependence of far-infrared transmission of NbN thin films
deposited on MgO and Si substrates was measured at several frequencies from 0.4
up to 4.3 THz. Exponential increase of relative penetration depth at low
temperatures and a peak in transmission near Tc was observed for frequencies
below the optical gap. On the contrary, transmission measured at frequencies
above the gap exhibits only flat, almost linear temperature dependence. This
behavior is consistent with the BCS theory of superconductivity. Similar
measurements were performed also on YBaCuO thin films deposited on MgO and
sapphire substrates. Low-temperature variation of transmission is linear or
constant and the peak below Tc predicted by the BCS theory is not observed.
Flat temperature dependence at higher frequencies indicates that the photon
energy was sufficient for excitation over the optical gap. The s-wave BCS
theory is adequate for NbN films but not for the YBCO materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73666 </DOCNO>
Unitarity constraints on the stabilized Randall-Sundrum scenario


  Recently proposed stabilization mechanism of the Randall-Sundrum metric gives
rise to a scalar radion, which couples universally to matter with a weak
interaction ($\simeq 1$ TeV) scale. Demanding that gauge boson scattering as
described by the effective low enerrgy theory be unitary upto a given scale
leads to significant constraints on the mass of such a radion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124354 </DOCNO>
A hard X-ray constraint on the presence of an AGN in the ultra-luminous


  We present X-ray results on the ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp220 obtained
with BeppoSAX. The X-ray emission up to 10 keV is detected. No significant
signal is detected with the PDS detector in the higher energy band. The 2-10
keV emission has a hard spectrum (photon-index of 1.7), similar to M82, and a
luminosity of 1e41 erg/s. A population of X-ray binaries may be a major source
of this X-ray emission. The upper limit of an iron K line equivalent width at
6.4 keV is ~600 eV. This observation imposes so far the tightest constraint on
an active nucleus if present in Arp220. We find that a column density of X-ray
absorption must exceed 10**25 cm-2 for an obscured active nucleus to be
significant in the energetics, and the covering factor of the absorption should
be almost unity. The underluminous soft X-ray starburst emission may need a
good explanation, if the bolometric luminosity is primarily powered by a
starburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149356 </DOCNO>
Understanding flavor mixing in Quantum Field Theory


  We report on recent results showing that a rich non-perturbative vacuum
structure is associated with flavor mixing in Quantum Field Theory.
  We treat explicitly the case of mixing among three generations of Dirac
fermions.
  Exact oscillation formulas are presented exhibiting new features with respect
to the usual ones. CP and T violation are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6117 </DOCNO>
Coarsening Dynamics of a Quasi One-dimensional Driven Lattice Gas


  We study domain growth properties of two species of particles executing
biased diffusion on a half-filled square lattice, consisting of just two lanes.
Driven in opposite directions by an external ``electric'' field, the particles
form clusters due to steric hindrance. While strictly one-dimensional systems
remain disordered, clusters in our ``quasi 1D'' case grow until only a single
macroscopic cluster survives. In the coarsening regime, the average cluster
size increases $\sim t^{0.6}$, significantly faster than in purely
diffusion-controlled systems. Remarkably, however, the cluster size
distribution displays dynamic scaling, following a form consistent with a
diffusion-limited growth mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114352 </DOCNO>
Readout and Control of a Power-recycled Interferometric


  Interferometric gravitational wave antennas are based on Michelson
interferometers whose sensitivity to small differential length changes has been
enhanced by adding multiple coupled optical resonators. The use of optical
cavities is essential for reaching the required sensitivity, but sets
challenges for the control system which must maintain the cavities near
resonance. The goal for the strain sensitivity of the Laser Interferometer
Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) is 10^-21 rms, integrated over a 100 Hz
bandwidth centered at 150 Hz. We present the major design features of the LIGO
length and frequency sensing and control system which will hold the
differential length to within 5 10^-14 m of the operating point. We also
highlight the restrictions imposed by couplings of noise into the gravitational
wave readout signal and the required immunity against them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149342 </DOCNO>
Gauge transformations of the non-Abelian two-form


  A novel inhomogeneous gauge transformation law is proposed for a non-Abelian
adjoint two-form in four dimensions. Rules for constructing actions invariant
under this are given. The auxiliary vector field which appears in some of these
models transforms like a second connection in the theory. Another local
symmetry leaves the compensated three-form field strength invariant, but does
not seem to be generated by any combination of local constraints. Both types of
symmetries change the action by total divergences, suggesting that boundary
degrees of freedom have to be taken into account for local quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75109 </DOCNO>
Simple check of the vacuum structure in full QCD lattice simulations


  Given the increasing availability of lattice data for (unquenched) QCD with
$N_f=2$, it is worth while to check whether the generated vacuum significantly
deviates from the quenched one. I discuss a specific attempt to do this on the
basis of topological susceptibility data gained at various sea-quark masses,
since for this observable detailed predictions are available. The upshot is
that either discretization effects in dynamical simulations are still
untolerably large or the vacuum structure in 2-flavour QCD substantially
deviates from that in the theory with 3 (or 2+1) light quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2156 </DOCNO>
The non-centrosymmetric lamellar phase in blends of ABC triblock and ac


  The phase behaviour of blends of ABC triblock and ac diblock copolymers is
examined using self-consistent field theory. Several equilibrium lamellar
structures are observed, depending on the volume fraction of the diblocks,
phi_2, the monomer interactions, and the degrees of polymerization of the
copolymers. For segregations just above the order-disorder transition the
triblocks and diblocks mix together to form centrosymmetric lamellae. As the
segregation is increased the triblocks and diblocks spatially separate either
by macrophase-separating, or by forming a non-centrosymmetric (NCS) phase of
alternating layers of triblock and diblock (...ABCcaABCca...). The NCS phase is
stable over a narrow region near phi_2=0.4. This region is widest near the
critical point on the phase coexistence curve and narrows to terminate at a
triple point at higher segregation. Above the triple point there is two-phase
coexistence between almost pure triblock and diblock phases. The theoretical
phase diagram is consistent with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114324 </DOCNO>
Bayesian source separation with mixture of Gaussians prior for sources


  In this contribution, we present new algorithms to source separation for the
case of noisy instantaneous linear mixture, within the Bayesian statistical
framework. The source distribution prior is modeled by a mixture of Gaussians
[Moulines97] and the mixing matrix elements distributions by a Gaussian
[Djafari99a]. We model the mixture of Gaussians hierarchically by mean of
hidden variables representing the labels of the mixture. Then, we consider the
joint a posteriori distribution of sources, mixing matrix elements, labels of
the mixture and other parameters of the mixture with appropriate prior
probability laws to eliminate degeneracy of the likelihood function of variance
parameters and we propose two iterative algorithms to estimate jointly sources,
mixing matrix and hyperparameters: Joint MAP (Maximum a posteriori) algorithm
and penalized EM algorithm. The illustrative example is taken in [Macchi99] to
compare with other algorithms proposed in literature. Keywords: Source
separation, Gaussian mixture, classification, JMAP algorithm, Penalized EM
algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7183 </DOCNO>
Protein folding simulations with Interacting Growth Walk model


  We demonstrate that the recently proposed interacting growth walk (IGW)
model, modified for generating self-avoiding heteropolymers, proves to be a
simpler alternative to the other Monte Carlo methods available in the
literature for obtaining minimum energy conformation of lattice proteins. In
fact, this simple growth algorithm seems to be capable of quickly leading to
low energy states for all the three dimensional bench mark HP-sequences
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127462 </DOCNO>
Dark energy and the angular size - redshift diagram for milliarcsecond


  We investigate observational constraints on the cosmic equation of state from
measurements of angular size for a large sample of milliarcsecond compact
radio-sources. The results are based on a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW)
type models driven by non-relativistic matter plus a smooth dark energy
component parametrized by its equation of state $p_x = \omega \rho_x$ ($-1 \leq
\omega < 0$). The allowed intervals for $\omega$ and $\Omega_{\rm{m}}$ are
heavily dependent on the value of the mean projected linear size $l$. For $l
\simeq 20h^{-1} - 30h^{-1}$ pc, we find $\Omega_{\rm{m}} \leq 0.62$, $\omega
\leq -0.2$ and $\Omega_{\rm{m}} \leq 0.17$, $\omega \leq -0.65$ (68% c.l.),
respectively. As a general result, this analysis shows that if one minimizes
$\chi^{2}$ for the parameters $l$, $\Omega_{\rm{m}}$ and $\omega$, the
conventional flat $\Lambda$CDM model ($\omega = -1$) with $\Omega_{\rm{m}} =
0.22$ and $l = 22.6 h^{-1}$pc is the best fit for these angular size data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96650 </DOCNO>
A twining character formula for Demazure modules (abstract)


  We give a twining character formula for Demazure modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179108 </DOCNO>
Nuclear matter properties and relativistic mean-field theory


  Nuclear matter properties are calculated in the relativistic mean field
theory by using a number of different parameter sets. The result shows that the
volume energy $a_1$ and the symmetry energy $J$ are around the acceptable
values 16MeV and 30MeV respectively; the incompressibility $K_0$ is
unacceptably high in the linear model, but assumes reasonable value if
nonlinear terms are included; the density symmetry $L$ is around $100MeV$ for
most parameter sets, and the symmetry incompressibility $K_s$ has positive sign
which is opposite to expectations based on the nonrelativistic model. In almost
all parameter sets there exists a critical point $(\rho_c, \delta_c)$, where
the minimum and the maximum of the equation of state are coincident and the
incompressibility equals zero, falling into ranges
0.014fm$^{-3}<\rho_c<0.039$fm$^{-3}$ and $0.74<\delta_c\le0.95$; for a few
parameter sets there is no critical point and the pure neutron matter is
predicted to be bound. The maximum mass $M_{NS}$ of neutron stars is predicted
in the range 2.45M$_\odot\leq M_{NS}\leq 3.26$M$_\odot$, the corresponding
neutron star radius $R_{NS}$ is in the range 12.2km$\leq R_{NS}\leq 15.1$km.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98955 </DOCNO>
Stability and asymptotic stability in the energy space of the sum of N


  We prove in this paper the stability and asymptotic stability in H^1 of a
decoupled sum of N solitons for the subcritical generalized KdV equations
$u_t+(u_{xx}+u^p)_x=0$ (1<p<5). The proof of the stability result is based on
energy arguments and monotonicity of local L^2 norm. Note that the result is
new even for p=2 (the KdV equation). The asymptotic stability result then
follows directly from a rigidity theorem in [15].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72420 </DOCNO>
Particle rapidity density and collective phenomena in heavy ion


  We analyse recent results on charged particle pseudo-rapidity densities from
RHIC in the framework of the Dual String Model, in particular when including
string fusion. The model, in a simple way, agrees with all the existing data
and is consistent with the presence of the percolation transition to the
Quark-Gluon Plasma already at the CERN-SPS. It leads to strict saturation of
the particle (pseudo-)rapidity density, normalised to the number of participant
nucleons, as that number increases. A comparison with recent WA98 data is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169419 </DOCNO>
Classical entanglement


  Classical systems can be entangled. Entanglement is defined by coincidence
correlations. Quantum entanglement experiments can be mimicked by a mechanical
system with a single conserved variable and 77.8% conditional efficiency.
Experiments are replicated for four particle entanglement swapping and GHZ
entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5991 </DOCNO>
Metastable states in ultrathin magnetic films


  The equilibrium phase diagram of a two-dimensional Ising model with competing
exchange and dipolar interactions is analyzed using a Monte Carlo simulation
technique. We consider the low temperature region of the (delta,T) phase
diagram (delta being the ratio between the strengths of the exchange and
dipolar interactions) for the range of values of delta where striped phases
with widths h=1 and h=2 are present. We show that the transition line between
both phases is a first order one. We also show that, associated with the first
order phase transition, there appear metastable states of the phase h=2 in the
region where the phase h=1 is the thermodynamically stable one and viceversa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113679 </DOCNO>
Parameters for a 30 GeV Undulator Test Facility in the FFTB/LCLS


  The parameters for a 30 GeV test beam are outlined for use with an undulator
in the FFTB tunnel where the LCLS will eventually be housed. It is proposed to
use the SLAC linac and damping rings in their present mode of operation for PEP
II injection, where 30 GeV beams are also delivered at 10 Hz to the FFTB. High
peak currents are obtained with the addition of a second bunch compressor in
the linac. In order to minimize the synchrotron radiation induced emittance
growth in the bunch compressor it is necessary to locate the new bunch
compressor at the low-energy end of the linac, just after the damping rings.
The bunch compressor is a duplicate of the LCLS chicane-style bunch compressor.
This test beam would provide an exciting possibility to test LCLS undulator
sections and provide a unique high-brightness source of incoherent X-rays and
begin developing the LCLS experimental station. The facility will also act as a
much needed accelerator test bed for the production, diagnostics and tuning of
very short bunches in preparation for the LCLS after the photo injector is
commissioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169498 </DOCNO>
Alternative commutation relations, star products and tomography


  Invertible maps from operators of quantum obvservables onto functions of
c-number arguments and their associative products are first assessed. Different
types of maps like Weyl-Wigner-Stratonovich map and s-ordered quasidistribution
are discussed. The recently introduced symplectic tomography map of observables
(tomograms) related to the Heisenberg-Weyl group is shown to belong to the
standard framework of the maps from quantum observables onto the c-number
functions. The star-product for symbols of the quantum-observable for each one
of the maps (including the tomographic map) and explicit relations among
different star-products are obtained. Deformations of the Moyal star-product
and alternative commutation relations are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149162 </DOCNO>
On the large N limit, W_\infty Strings, Star products, AdS/CFT Duality,


  It is shown that the large $N$ limit of SU(N) YM in $curved$ $m$-dim
backgrounds can be subsumed by a higher $m+n$ dimensional gravitational theory
which can be identified to an $m$-dim generally invariant gauge theory of diffs
$N$, where $N$ is an $n$-dim internal space (Cho, Sho, Park, Yoon). Based on
these findings, a very plausible geometrical interpretation of the $AdS/CFT$
correspondence could be given. Conformally invariant sigma models in $D=2n$
dimensions with target non-compact SO(2n,1) groups are reviewed. Despite the
non-compact nature of the SO(2n,1), the classical action and Hamiltonian are
positive definite. Instanton field configurations are found to correspond
geometrically to conformal ``stereographic'' mappings of $R^{2n}$ into the
Euclidean signature $AdS_{2n}$ spaces. The relation between Self Dual branes
and Chern-Simons branes, High Dimensional Knots, follows. A detailed discussion
on $W_\infty $ symmetry is given and we outline the Vasiliev procedure to
construct an action involving higher spin massless fields in $AdS_4$. This
$AdS_4$ spacetime higher spin theory should have a one-to-one correspondence to
noncritical $W_\infty$ strings propagating on $AdS_4 \times S^7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167941 </DOCNO>
Quantum Logic


  We investigate some forms of quantum logic arising from the standard and the
unsharp approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124652 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of young stars. II. Galactic spiral structure


  The young star velocity field is analysed by means of a galactic model which
takes into account solar motion, differential galactic rotation and spiral arm
kinematics. We use two samples of Hipparcos data, one containing O- and B-type
stars and another one composed of Cepheid variable stars. The robustness of our
method is tested through careful kinematic simulations. Our results show a
galactic rotation curve with a classical value of $A$ Oort constant for the O
and B star sample ($A^{\mathrm{OB}} =$ 13.7-13.8 km s$^{-1}$ kpc $^{-1}$) and a
higher value for Cepheids ($A^{\mathrm{Cep}} =$ 14.9-16.9 km s$^{-1}$ kpc
$^{-1}$, depending on the cosmic distance scale chosen). The second-order term
is found to be small, compatible with a zero value. The study of the residuals
shows the need for a $K$-term up to a heliocentric distance of 4 kpc, obtaining
a value $K = -$(1-3) km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$. The results obtained for the
spiral structure from O and B stars and Cepheids show good agreement. The Sun
is located relatively near the minimum of the spiral perturbation potential
($\psi_\odot =$ 284-20$\degr$) and very near the corotation circle. The angular
rotation velocity of the spiral pattern was found to be $\Omega_{\mathrm{p}}
\approx 30$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc $^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41555 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of Low Energy Neutrinos from the Sun


  Two methods are discussed for the solar neutrino spectroscopy in the sub-MeV
region: absorption in a loaded liquid scintillator and elastic scattering in a
TPC. The different neutrino oscillation solutions predict a strong effect in
this energy region where the largest fraction (\sim 98%) of solar neutrinos
lies. Both projects have reached the stage where they have to prove their
capability to attain a background low enough for solar neutrino detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 204 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Josephson vortex flow transistors with different gate line


  We performed numerical simulations and experiments on Josephson vortex flow
transistors based on parallel arrays of YBa2Cu3O(7-x) grain boundary junctions
with a cross gate-line allowing to operate the same devices in two different
modes named Josephson fluxon transistor (JFT) and Josephson fluxon-antifluxon
transistor (JFAT). The simulations yield a general expression for the current
gain vs. number of junctions and normalized loop inductance and predict higher
current gain for the JFAT. The experiments are in good agreement with
simulations and show improved coupling between gate line and junctions for the
JFAT as compared to the JFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74673 </DOCNO>
Final-state interaction and s-quark helicity conservation in B -> J/psi


  The Section of charm quark spin conservation is deleted since it involves
more dynamical assumptions than previously stated. A few comments are added in
view of new experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97030 </DOCNO>
Matrix Riemann-Hilbert problems related to branched coverings of $\CP1$


  In these notes we solve a class of Riemann-Hilbert (inverse monodromy)
problems with quasi-permutation monodromy groups which correspond to
non-singular branched coverings of $\CP1$. The solution is given in terms of
Szeg\"o kernel on the underlying Riemann surface. In particular, our
construction provides a new class of solutions of the Schlesinger system. We
present some results on explicit calculation of the corresponding tau-function,
and describe divisor of zeros of the tau-function (so-called Malgrange divisor)
in terms of the theta-divisor on the Jacobi manifold of the Riemann surface. We
discuss the relationship of the tau-function to determinant of Laplacian
operator on the Riemann surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150 </DOCNO>
Stochastic processes with finite correlation time: modeling and


  The kangaroo process (KP) is characterized by various forms of the covariance
and can serve as a useful model of random noises. We discuss properties of that
process for the exponential, stretched exponential and algebraic (power-law)
covariances. Then we apply the KP as a model of noise in the generalized
Langevin equation and simulate solutions by a Monte Carlo method. Some results
appear to be incompatible with requirements of the fluctuation-dissipation
theorem because probability distributions change when the process is inserted
into the equation. We demonstrate how one can construct a model of noise free
of that difficulty. This form of the KP is especially suitable for physical
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125313 </DOCNO>
Multiple Peaks in the Angular Power Spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave


  Three peaks and two dips have been detected in the power spectrum of the
cosmic microwave background from the BOOMERANG experiment, at $\ell \sim 210,
540, 840$ and $\ell \sim 420, 750$, respectively. Using model-independent
analyses, we find that all five features are statistically significant and we
measure their location and amplitude. These are consistent with the adiabatic
inflationary model. We also calculate the mean and variance of the peak and dip
locations and amplitudes in a large 7-dimensional parameter space of such
models, which gives good agreement with the model-independent estimates, and
forecast where the next few peaks and dips should be found if the basic
paradigm is correct. We test the robustness of our results by comparing
Bayesian marginalization techniques on this space with likelihood maximization
techniques applied to a second 7-dimensional cosmological parameter space,
using an independent computational pipeline, and find excellent agreement:
$\Omega_{\rm tot} = 1.02^{+0.06}_{-0.05}$ {\it vs.} $1.04 \pm 0.05$, $\Omega_b
h^2 = 0.022^{+0.004}_{-0.003}$ {\it vs.} $0.019^{+0.005}_{-0.004}$, and $n_s =
0.96^{+0.10}_{-0.09}$ {\it vs.} $0.90 \pm 0.08$. The deviation in primordial
spectral index $n_s$ is a consequence of the strong correlation with the
optical depth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1471 </DOCNO>
How Traders enter the Market through the Book


  Simulation of the trading activity based on the implementation of the book.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124684 </DOCNO>
Comparative Chemistry of Diffuse Clouds II: CN, HCN, HNC, CH3CN & N2H+


  Using the Plateau de Bure interferometer, we observed the 3mm absorption
lines of CN, HCN and HNC from some of the diffuse clouds which lie toward our
well-studied sample of compact extragalactic mm-wave continuum sources. The
column densities of these species all vary by a factor of about fifty and are
prominent in only a limited subset of the clouds seen in the most ubiquitous
species such as OH, HCO+, C2H and C3H2. The CN, HCN, and HNC column densities
vary in fixed proportion to each other, with <N(HNC)/N(HCN)> = 0.21+/-0.05 and
<N(CN)/N(HCN)> = 6.8+/-1. We searched unsuccessfully for CH3CN and N2H+, which
are underabundant compared to dark clouds, by factors of at least 10 and 100,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76996 </DOCNO>
Gauge/Anomaly Syzygy and Generalized Brane World Models of Supersymmetry


  In theories in which SUSY is broken on a brane separated from the MSSM matter
fields, supersymmetry breaking is naturally mediated in a variety of ways.
Absent other light fields in the theory, gravity will mediate supersymmetry
breaking through the conformal anomaly. If gauge fields propagate in the extra
dimension they, too, can mediate supersymmetry breaking effects. The presence
of gauge fields in the bulk motivates us to consider the effects of new
messenger fields with holomorphic and non-holomorphic couplings to the
supersymmetry breaking sector. These can lead to contributions to the soft
masses of MSSM fields which dramatically alter the features of brane world
scenarios of supersymmetry breaking. In particular, they can solve the negative
slepton mass squared problem of anomaly mediation and change the predictions of
gaugino mediation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98581 </DOCNO>
Schur Partial Derivative Operators


  A lattice diagram is a finite list L=((p_1,q_1),...,(p_n,q_n) of lattice
cells. The corresponding lattice diagram determinant is \Delta_L(X;Y)=\det \|
x_i^{p_j}y_i^{q_j} \|. These lattice diagram determinants are crucial in the
study of the so-called ``n! conjecture'' of A. Garsia and M. Haiman. The space
M_L is the space spanned by all partial derivatives of \Delta_L(X;Y). The
``shift operators'', which are particular partial symmetric derivative
operators are very useful in the comprehension of the structure of the M_L
spaces. We describe here how a Schur function partial derivative operator acts
on lattice diagrams with distinct cells in the positive quadrant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3498 </DOCNO>
Exact spectra of conformal supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models in two


  We study two-dimensional nonlinear sigma models in which the target spaces
are the coset supermanifolds U(n+m|n)/[U(1)\times U(n+m-1|n)] \cong
CP^{n+m-1|n} (projective superspaces) and OSp(2n+m|2n)/OSp(2n+m-1|2n) \cong
S^{2n+m-1|2n} (superspheres), n, m integers, -2\leq m\leq 2; these quantum
field theories live in Hilbert spaces with indefinite inner products. These
theories possess non-trivial conformally-invariant renormalization-group fixed
points, or in some cases, lines of fixed points. Some of the conformal
fixed-point theories can also be obtained within Landau-Ginzburg theories. We
obtain the complete spectra (with multiplicities) of exact conformal weights of
states (or corresponding local operators) in the isolated fixed-point conformal
field theories, and at one special point on each of the lines of fixed points.
Although the conformal weights are rational, the conformal field theories are
not, and (with one exception) do not contain the affine versions of their
superalgebras in their chiral algebras. The method involves lattice models that
represent the strong-coupling region, which can be mapped to loop models, and
then to a Coulomb gas with modified boundary conditions. The results apply to
percolation, dilute and dense polymers, and other statistical mechanics models,
and also to the spin quantum Hall transition in noninteracting fermions with
quenched disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85971 </DOCNO>
Does the charge of a body reduce its gravitational field?


  One can get the impression from the Reissner-Nordstrom solution of Einstein's
equations that the charge of a body reduces its gravitational field. This looks
surprising since the energy of the electrostatic field surrounding a charged
body, must contribute positively, as an additional, "electromagnetic mass", to
the gravitational field produced by the body. We resolve this puzzle by showing
that the mass M in the Reissner-Nordstrom solution is not the "bare mass" of
the body, but its "renormalized mass". I. e. M, in addition to the bare mass,
includes the total electromagnetic mass of the body. But at finite distances
from the body only a part of the electromagnetic mass contributes to the
gravitational field. That is why the gravity of a charged body is determined by
the quantity smaller than M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128808 </DOCNO>
Precursors and electron-positron pair loading from erupting fireballs


  Recent observations suggest that long-duration gamma-ray bursts and their
afterglows are produced by highly relativistic jets emitted in core-collapse
explosions. As the jet makes its way out of the stellar mantle, a bow shock
runs ahead and a strong thermal precursor is produced as the shock breaks out.
Such erupting fireballs produce a very bright gamma-ray precursor as they
interact with the thermal break-out emission. The prompt gamma-ray emission
propagates ahead of the fireball before it becomes optically thin, leading to
electron-positron pair loading and radiative acceleration of the external
medium. The detection of such precursors would offer the possibility of
diagnosing not only the radius of the stellar progenitor and the initial
Lorentz factor of the collimated fireball, but also the density of the external
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169148 </DOCNO>
Impossibility Criterion for Obtaining Pure Entangled States From Mixed


  Purifying noisy entanglement is a protocol which can increase the
entanglement of a mixed state (as a source)at expense of the entanglement of
others(as an ancilla)by collective measurement. A protocol with which one can
get a pure entangled state from a mixed state is defined as purifying mixed
states. We address a basic question: can one get a pure entangled state from a
mixed state? We give a necessary and sufficient condition of purifying a mixed
state by fit local operations and classical communication and show that for a
class of source states and ancilla states in arbitrary bipartite systems
purifying mixed states is impossible by finite rounds of purifying protocols.
For $2\otimes 2$ systems, it is proved that arbitrary states cannot be purified
by individual measurement. The possible application and meaning of the
conclusion are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97401 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative smoothness and coadjoint orbits


  Raf Bocklandt and the author have proved in math.AG/0010030 that certain
quotient varieties of representations of deformed preprojective algebras are
coadjoint orbits for the necklace Lie algebra of the corresponding quiver. A
conjectural ringtheoretical explanation of these results was given in terms of
noncommutative smoothness in the sense of C. Procesi. In this paper we prove
these conjectures. The main tool in the proof is the etale local description
due to W. Crawley-Boevey in math.AG/0105247. Along the way we determine the
smooth locus of the so called Marsden-Weinstein reductions for quiver
representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114080 </DOCNO>
In search of Hidden Variables


  Here, I attribute the non-commuting character of the components of the
velocity operator (in the Dirac theory of the electron) to a peculiarity in the
physical make-up of the particle part of the electron. As a result I conclude
that the electrostatic fields of an electron, as seen by an observer, are in
the form of short duration pulses issuing from it. I then show why it is that
the value of the charge of the electron is related to the speed of light and
Planck constant via the formula for the fine-structure constant, and as a
result suggest that the speed of propagation of such pulses of electrostatic
fields through space is ~137c. It is then shown why it is that these faster
than light signals do not contradict the facts of Lorentz transformations. At
the end an experiment is proposed for verifying the existence and the
electromagnetic nature of faster than light signals

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123967 </DOCNO>
The prompt emission of GRB990712 with BeppoSAX: evidence of a transient


  We report on the prompt X- and gamma-ray observations of GRB990712 with the
BeppoSAX Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor and Wide Field Camera No. 2. Due to Sun
constraints, we could not perform a follow-up observation with the BeppoSAX
Narrow Field Instruments. The light curve of the prompt emission shows two
pulses and a total duration of about 40s in X-rays. In gamma-rays the event is
even shorter. The 2-700 keV spectral emission with time shows a discontinuity
in the peak energy Ep of the E F(E) spectrum: Ep is above our energy passband
during the first pulse and goes down to ~10 keV during the second pulse.
Another peculiarity is noted in this event for the first time: the possible
evidence of a 2s duration emission feature during the tail of the first pulse.
The feature is consistent with either a Gaussian profile with centroid energy
of 4.5 keV or a blackbody spectrum with kTbb ~1.3 keV. We discuss the possible
origin of the feature. The most attractive possibility is that we are observing
the thermal emission of a baryon-loaded expanding fireball, when it becomes
optically thin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124867 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of Bulges


  We show our results from the application of the Multiphase chemical evolution
model to a set of Bulges of spiral galaxies

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86143 </DOCNO>
Holonomy and gravitomagnetism


  We analyze parallel transport of a vector field around an equatorial orbit in
Kerr and stationary axisymmetric spacetimes that are reflection symmetric about
their equatorial planes. As in Schwarzschild spacetime, there is a band
structure of holonomy invariance. The new feature introduced by rotation is a
shift in the timelike component of the vector, which is the holonomic
manifestation of the gravitomagnetic clock effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2575 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature correlations for the U_q(sl(2|1))-invariant


  We study an integrable model of one-dimensional strongly correlated electrons
at finite temperature by explicit calculation of the correlation lengths of
various correlation functions. The model is invariant with respect to the
quantum superalgebra U_q(sl(2|1)) and characterized by the Hubbard interaction,
correlated hopping and pair-hopping terms. Using the integrability, the graded
quantum transfer matrix is constructed. From the analyticity of its
eigenvalues, a closed set of non-linear integral equations is derived which
describe the thermodynamical quantities and the finite temperature
correlations. The results show a crossover from a regime with dominating
density-density correlations to a regime with dominating superconducting pair
correlations. Analytical calculations in the low temperature limit are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95704 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Extensions of Normed Algebras


  We compare two known methods of extending a complex, unital, commutative
normed algebra so as to include solutions to sets of monic polynomials over the
original algebra. (One of these is a generalisation of a construction from the
thesis of B. J. Cole and only applies to uniform algebras.) An example is given
to show that they can lead to essentially different algebras.
  Integrally closed extensions which generalise Cole's `universal root
algebras' are also constructed .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98008 </DOCNO>
Pinching surface groups in complex hyperbolic plane


  We construct first examples of discrete geometrically finite subgroups of
PU(2,1) which contain parabolic elements, and are isomorphic to surface groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81171 </DOCNO>
The Critical Hopping Parameter in O(a) improved Lattice QCD


  We calculate the critical value of the hopping parameter, $\kappa_c$, in O(a)
improved Lattice QCD, to two loops in perturbation theory. We employ the
Sheikholeslami-Wohlert (clover) improved action for Wilson fermions.
  The quantity which we study is a typical case of a vacuum expectation value
resulting in an additive renormalization; as such, it is characterized by a
power (linear) divergence in the lattice spacing, and its calculation lies at
the limits of applicability of perturbation theory.
  The dependence of our results on the number of colors $N$, the number of
fermionic flavors $N_f$, and the clover parameter $c_{SW}$, is shown
explicitly. We compare our results to non perturbative evaluations of
$\kappa_c$ coming from Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6693 </DOCNO>
Interplay of Cooper and Kondo singlet formations in high-TC cuprates


  We performed high-field magnetotransport experiments up to 50 T on strained
La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 films. Two films with different strain, one expansively
strained with Tc ~ 26 K and the other compressively strained with Tc ~ 44 K,
show a striking contrast in the normal-state transport: the former has a
prominent low-temperature upturn while the latter has not. Identifying the
low-temperature upturn as due to the Kondo effect, our experimental
observations indicate that Cooper and Kondo singlet formations are competing in
high- Tc cuprates: Kondo singlet formation hinders Cooper pair formation. Based
on these results, we propose a new scenario for the electronic phase diagram of
La2-xSrxCuO4. According to our scenario, underdoped insulating La2-xSrxCuO4 can
be regarded as a "Kondo insulator".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5000 </DOCNO>
Spatial fluctuations of the pairing potential in disordered


  We study the effect of site diagonal, non-magnetic, disorder on the a pairing
amplitude in an extended Hubbard model with the intersite attraction. Analyzing
fluctuations of a pairing potential we discuss the instability of mixed
solutions, 's+d' and 's+id', in presence of disorder. The influence of disorder
on extended s- and d-wave superconductors appear to be comparable but in
certain regions of the phase diagram, even weak disorder can change the
symmetry of the order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1499 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulations of Critical Dynamics with Conserved Order


  Taking the two-dimensional Ising model for example, short-time behavior of
critical dynamics with a conserved order parameter is investigated by Monte
Carlo simulations. Scaling behavior is observed, but the dynamic exponent $z$
is updating schemes dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169256 </DOCNO>
Characterization of Distillable and Activable States using Entanglement


  We introduce a formalism that connections entanglement witnesses and the
distillation and activation properties of a state. We apply this formalism to
two cases: First, we rederive the results presented in quant-ph/0104095 by
Eggeling et al., namely that on copy of any bipartite state with non--positive
partial transpose (NPPT) is either distillable, or activable. Second, we show
that there exist three--partite NPPT states, with the property that two copies
can neither be distilled, nor activated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125201 </DOCNO>
HI Observations of Interacting Galaxy Pair NGC 4038/9


  We present the results of new radio interferometer HI line observations for
the merging galaxy pair NGC 4038/9 (`The Antennae'), obtained using the
Australia Telescope Compact Array. The results improve substantially on those
of van der Hulst (1979) and show in detail the two merging galactic disks and
the two tidal tails produced by their interaction. The small edge-on spiral
dwarf galaxy ESO 572-G045 is also seen near the tip of the southern tail, but
distinct from it. It shows no signs of tidal interaction. The northern tidal
tail of the Antennae shows no HI connection to the disks and has an extension
towards the west. The southern tidal tail is continuous, with a prominent HI
concentration at its tip, roughly at the location of the tidal dwarf galaxy
observed optically by Mirabel, Dottori & Lutz (1992). Clear velocity structure
is seen along the tidal tails and in the galactic disks. Radio continuum images
at 20-cm and 13-cm are also presented, showing the disks in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74756 </DOCNO>
Fermion Mass Hierarchy in the Grand Unified Theory on $S_1/(Z_2 \times


  We suggest a simple grand unified theory where the fifth dimensional
coordinate is compactified on an $S_1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$ orbifold. This model
is based on the supersymmetric flipped $SU(5) \times U(1)$ grand unified
theory, which can realize not only the triplet-doublet splitting but also the
natural fermion mass hierarchies. The triplet-doublet splitting is realized by
$S_1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$ orbifolding, which also reduces the gauge group as
$SU(5) \times U(1) \to SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Z \times U(1)_X$. The
suitable fermion mass hierarchies are generated by integrating out extra three
sets of vector-like heavy fields which can propagate in five dimensions. The
radiative corrections to the large Yukawa coupling of right-handed neutrinos
can reduce the gauge group to $SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128329 </DOCNO>
The shape of the Red Giant Branch Bump as a diagnostic of partial mixing


  We suggest to use the shape of the Red Giant Branch (RGB) Bump in metal-rich
globular clusters as a diagnostic of partial mixing processes between the base
of the convective envelope and the H-burning shell. The Bump located along the
differential luminosity function of cluster RGB stars is a key observable to
constrain the H-profile inside these structures. In fact, standard evolutionary
models that account for complete mixing in the convective unstable layers and
radiative equilibrium in the innermost regions do predict that the first
dredge-up lefts over a very sharp H-discontinuity at the bottom of the
convective region. Interestingly enough we found that both atomic diffusion and
a moderate convective overshooting at the base of the convective region
marginally affects the shape of the RGB Bump in the differential Luminosity
Function (LF). As a consequence, we performed several numerical experiments to
estimate whether plausible assumptions concerning the smoothing of the
H-discontinuity, due to the possible occurrence of extra-mixing below the
convective boundary, affects the shape of the RGB Bump. We found that the
difference between the shape of RGB Bump predicted by standard and by smoothed
models can be detected if the H-discontinuity is smoothed over an envelope
region whose thickness is equal or larger than 0.5 pressure scale heights.
Finally, we briefly discuss the comparison between theoretical predictions and
empirical data in metal-rich, reddening free Galactic Globular Clusters (GGCs)
to constrain the sharpness of the H-profile inside RGB stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179145 </DOCNO>
On the possibility of observation of $a_0$-$f_0$ mixing in the $pn \to


  It is shown that, if isospin is not conserved in $a^0_0$- and $f_0$-meson
mixing, forward-backward asymmetry arises in the reaction $pn\to da^0_0$. This
effect increases near the reaction threshold. The asymmetry is estimated within
the framework of a model in which the $a^0_0$-$f_0$ mixing is due to the
virtual $\pi^0\leftrightarrow\eta$ transition and the difference in masses of
the charged and neutral kaons in decay channels. The angular asymmetry near the
threshold of the $pn\to da^0_0$ reaction was found to be large, of the order of
$8\div 15$ %.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85868 </DOCNO>
Exact Inflation Braneworlds


  In Randall-Sundrum type braneworld cosmologies, the dynamical equations on
the three-brane differ from the general relativity equations by terms that
carry the effects of embedding and of the free gravitational field in the
five-dimensional bulk. In a FRW ansatze for the metric, we present two methods
for deriving inflationary solutions to the covariant non-linear dynamical
equations for the gravitational and matter fields on the brane. In the first
approach we examine the constraints on the dynamical relationship between the
cosmological scale factor and the scalar field driving self-interaction
potential, imposed by the weak energy condition. We then investigate
inflationary solutions obtained from a scalar field superpotential. Both these
techniques for solving the braneworld field equations are illustrated by flat
curvature models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174712 </DOCNO>
Collective Excitations of (154)Sm nucleus at FEL{gamma}+LHC Collider


  The production of collective excitations of the (154)Sm at FEL{gamma}+LHC
collider is investigated. We show that this machine will be a powerful tool for
investigation of high energy level excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125724 </DOCNO>
VLT Observations of Turnoff stars in the Globular Cluster NGC 6397


  VLT-UVES high resolution spectra of seven turnoff stars in the metal-poor
globular cluster NGC 6397 have been obtained. Atmospheric parameters and
abundances of several elements (Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sc, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn and Ba)
were derived for program stars. The mean iron abundance is [Fe/H] = -2.02, with
no star-to-star variation. The mean abundances of the alpha-elements (Ca, Ti)
and of the iron-peak elements (Sc, Cr, Ni) are consistent with abundances
derived for field stars of similar metallicity. Magnesium is also almost solar,
consistent with the values found by Idiart & Th\'evenin (2000) when non-LTE
effects (NLTE hereafter) are taken into account. The sodium abundance derived
for five stars is essentially solar, but one object (A447) is clearly Na
deficient. These results are compatible with the expected abundance range
estimated from the stochastic evolutionary halo model by Argast et al. (2000)
when at the epoch of [Fe/H] $\sim$ -2 the interstellar medium is supposed to
become well-mixed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2305 </DOCNO>
Phase transition in an asymmetric generalization of the zero-temperature


  An asymmetric generalization of the zero-temperature q-state Potts model on a
one dimensional lattice, with and without boundaries, has been studied. The
dynamics of the particle number, and specially the large time behavior of the
system has been analyzed. In the thermodynamic limit, the system exhibits two
kinds of phase transitions, a static and a dynamic phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 965 </DOCNO>
Column size effects of DER fluids


  The static yield stress of dielectric electrorheological(DER) fluids of
infinite column state and chain state are calculated from the first principle
method. The results indicate that the column surface contributions to ER
effects is very small and both states will give correct results to the real DER
fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5848 </DOCNO>
System Fitness and the Extinction Patterns of Firms under Pure Economic


  The relationships which characterise the outcomes of the interactions between
firms in the economy appear to follow power law behaviour. In particular, there
is evidence that the empirical power laws which relate the size of an
extinction to its frequency are similar for both biological species and firms
in the economy .Biological species interact with each other in ways which
either increase or decrease the fitness levels of individual species. In the
same way, firms in the economy carry out strategies, and the net outcome of the
interactions between firms is to increase or decrease the fitness of other
firms.. Models which are used to describe the interactions of biological
species can be given straightforward interpretations in terms of the
interactions of firms in an industry. The general versions of models of
interactions between agents allow for co-operative behaviour between pairs of
agents. We contrast the properties of such a model with special cases of it, in
which interactions are restricted so that only competitive interactions between
pairs of agents are permitted. Such pure economic competition (PEC) behaviour
is regarded as desirable by economic theory, The properties of the two models
are strikingly different. A power law no longer provides a good description of
the relationship between the size and frequency of extinctions in the PEC
model, in which there are substantial numbers of very large extinctions. As a
result, the level of fitness of the system as a whole remains considerably
lower than in the general version of the model. This suggests that models of
pure economic competition do not provide a good description of how many
industries actually behave, and that a certain amount of collaboration and
co-operation between firms is required for the survival of an industry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126991 </DOCNO>
Simulation of radio plasma in clusters of galaxies


  We present three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of buoyant gas in a
typical cluster environment. The hot matter was injected continuously into a
small region off-set from the cluster centre. In agreement with previous
analytic estimates we found that the bubbles evolve very differently depending
on their luminosity. Using tracer particles we computed radio maps of the
bubbles based on different assumptions about the magnetic field. In the radio
band the bubbles closely resemble FRI sources. For the bubbles to be detectable
for long enough to account for FRI sources, we found that reacceleration has to
take place. The bubbles are generally difficult to detect, both, in the radio
and in the X-ray band. Thus it is possible to hide a significant amount of
energy in the form of bubbles in clusters. Finally, we compute the efficiency
of the bubbles to stir the ICM and find that recurrent low-power sources may be
fairly effective in mixing the inner cluster region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97630 </DOCNO>
Communication via Holomorphic Green Functions


  Let G(x_r-x_e) be the causal Green function for the wave equation in four
spacetime dimensions, representing the signal received at the spacetime point
x_r due to an impulse emitted at the spacetime point x_e. Such emission and
reception processes are highly idealized, since no signal can be emitted or
received at a single (mathematical) point in space and time. We present a
simple model for \sl extended \rm emitters and receivers by extending G
analytically to a function \tilde G(z_r- z_e), where z_e=x_e+iy_e is a complex
spacetime point representing a circular \sl pulsed-beam emitting antenna dish
\rm centered at x_e and emitting in the direction of y_e, and z_r=x_r-iy_r
represents a circular \sl pulsed-beam receiving antenna dish \rm centered at
x_r and receiving from the direction of y_r. The holomorphic Green function
\tilde G(z_r-z_e) represents the \sl coupling \rm between the emission from z_e
and the reception at z_r. To preserve causality and give nonsingular coupling,
the orientation vectors y_e and y_r must belong to the \sl future cone \rm V_+
in spacetime. Equivalently, z_e and z_r belong to the \sl future and past tubes
\rm in complex spacetime, respectively. The space coordinates of y_e and y_r
give the spatial orientations and radii of the dishes, while their time
coordinates determine the \sl duration and focus \rm of the emission and
reception processes. The \sl directivity \rm D(y) of the communication process
is a convex function on V_+, i.e., D(y_r+y_e)\le D(y_r)+D(y_r). This shows that
the efficiency of the communication can be no better than the sum of its
emission and reception components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97814 </DOCNO>
Lefschetz fibrations with unbounded Euler class


  We investigate the bounded cohomology of Lefschetz fibrations: we show that
the Euler class of a Lefschetz fibration is bounded if and only if the
collection of vanishing cycles satisfies a certain incompleteness property. As
a consequence, we prove nontriviality of the simplicial volume for a class of
Lefschetz fibrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41531 </DOCNO>
A New Measurement of the Cascade(c)+ Lifetime


  A precise determination of the charm-strange baryon Cascade(c)+ lifetime is
presented. The data were accumulated by the Fermilab high-energy
photoproduction experiment FOCUS. The measurement is made with 300 Cascade(c)+
--> Cascade- pi+ pi+ decays, 130 Cascade(c)+ --> Sigma+ K- pi+ decays, 45
Cascade(c)+ --> p K- pi+ decays and 58 Cascade(c)+ --> Lambda K- pi+ pi+
decays. The Cascade(c)+ lifetime is measured to be 0.439+/-0.022+/-0.009 ps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6016 </DOCNO>
New mechanism of membrane fusion


  We have carried out Monte Carlo simulation of the fusion of bilayers of
single chain amphiphiles which show phase behavior similar to that of
biological lipids. The fusion mechanism we observe is very different from the
``stalk'' hypothesis. Stalks do form on the first stage of fusion, but they do
not grow radially to form a hemifused state. Instead, stalk formation
destabilizes the membranes and results in hole formation in the vicinity of the
stalks. When holes in each bilayer nucleate spontaneously next to the same
stalk, an incomplete fusion pore is formed. The fusion process is completed by
propagation of the initial connection, the stalk, along the edges of the
aligned holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125874 </DOCNO>
A Pulsar Wind Nebula in the Oxygen-Rich Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8


  Using the Chandra X-ray Observatory we have discovered a diffuse,
center-filled region of hard X-ray emission within the young, oxygen-rich
supernova remnant (SNR) G292.0+1.8. Near the peak of this diffuse emission lies
a point-like source of X-ray emission that is well described by an absorbed
power-law spectrum with photon index $1.72\pm0.09$. This source appears to be
marginally extended; its extent of 1.3$^{\prime\prime}$ (FWHM) is greater than
that of a nearby serendipitous X-ray source with FWHM = $1.1^{\prime\prime}$.
This is strong evidence for the presence within SNR G292.0+1.8 of a young
rapidly-rotating pulsar and its associated pulsar wind nebula. From the
unabsorbed, 0.2-4 keV band X-ray luminosity of the pulsar wind nebula ($L_X\sim
4\times 10^{34} \rm ergs s^{-1}$), we infer a spin-down energy loss rate of
$\dot E \sim 7\times 10^{36} \rm ergs s^{-1}$ for the still undetected pulsar.
The pulsar candidate is $0.9^\prime$ from the geometric center of the SNR which
implies a transverse velocity of $\sim$$770 (D/4.8 {\rm kpc}) (t/1600 {\rm
yr})^{-1} \rm km s^{-1}$ assuming currently accepted values for the distance
and age of G292.0+1.8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 833 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator crossover in superconducting cuprates in strong magnetic


  The metal-insulator crossover of the in-plane resistivity upon temperature
decrease, recently observed in several classes of cuprate superconductors, when
a strong magnetic field suppresses the superconductivity, is explained using
the $U(1)\times SU(2)$ Chern-Simons gauge field theory. The origin of this
crossover is the same as that for a similar phenomenon observed in heavily
underdoped cuprates without magnetic field. It is due to the interplay between
the diffusive motion of the charge carriers and the ``peculiar'' localization
effect due to short-range antiferromagnetic order. We also calculate the
in-plane transverse magnetoresistance which is in a fairly good agreement with
available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73256 </DOCNO>
Applying the flow equations to QCD


  The effective quark-antiquark-interaction is derived from Lagrangian QCD in
the front form by means of the flow equations. It coincides with previous
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6775 </DOCNO>
Bound Magnetic Polaron Interactions in Insulating Doped Diluted Magnetic


  The magnetic behavior of insulating doped diluted magnetic semiconductors
(DMS) is characterized by the interaction of large collective spins known as
bound magnetic polarons. Experimental measurements of the susceptibility of
these materials have suggested that the polaron-polaron interaction is
ferromagnetic, in contrast to the antiferromagnetic carrier-carrier
interactions that are characteristic of nonmagnetic semiconductors. To explain
this behavior, a model has been developed in which polarons interact via both
the standard direct carrier-carrier exchange interaction (due to virtual
carrier hopping) and an indirect carrier-ion-carrier exchange interaction (due
to the interactions of polarons with magnetic ions in an interstitial region).
Using a variational procedure, the optimal values of the model parameters were
determined as a function of temperature. At temperatures of interest, the
parameters describing polaron-polaron interactions were found to be nearly
temperature-independent. For reasonable values of these constant parameters, we
find that indirect ferromagnetic interactions can dominate the direct
antiferromagnetic interactions and cause the polarons to align. This result
supports the experimental evidence for ferromagnetism in insulating doped DMS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81301 </DOCNO>
SUSY Ward identities in 1-loop perturbation theory


  We present preliminary results of a study of the supersymmetric (SUSY) Ward
identities (WIs) for the N=1 SU(2) SUSY Yang-Mills theory in the context of
one-loop lattice perturbation theory. The supersymmetry on the lattice is
explicitly broken by the gluino mass and the lattice artifacts. However, the
renormalization of the supercurrent can be carried out in a scheme that
restores the nominal continuum WIs. The perturbative calculation of the
renormalization constants and mixing coefficients for the local supercurrent is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126038 </DOCNO>
Revealing the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium with OVI Absorption


  Hydrodynamic simulations of growth of cosmic structure suggest that 30-50% of
the total baryons at z=0 may be in a warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) with
temperatures ~10^5-10^7K. The O VI \lambda \lambda 1032, 1038 absorption line
doublet in the FUV portion of QSO spectra provides an important probe of this
gas. Utilizing recent hydrodynamic simulations, it is found that there should
be ~5 O VI absorption lines per unit redshift with equivalent widths >= 35 mA,
decreasing rapidly to ~0.5 per unit redshift at >= 350 mA. About 10% of the
total baryonic matter or 20-30% of the WHIM is expected to be in the O VI
absorption line systems with equivalent width >= 20 mA; the remaining WHIM gas
may be too hot or have too low metallicity to be detected in O VI. We find that
the simulation results agree well with observations with regard to the line
abundance and total mass contained in these systems. Some of the O VI systems
are collisionally ionized and some are photoionized, but most of the mass is in
the collisionally ionized systems. We show that the gas that produces the O VI
absorption lines does not reside in virialized regions such as galaxies,
groups, or clusters of galaxies, but rather has an overdensity of 10-40 times
the average density. These regions form a somewhat connected network of
filaments. The typical metallicity of these regions is 0.1-0.3Zsun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124447 </DOCNO>
Metallicities for Double Mode RR Lyrae in the Large Magellanic Cloud


  Metallicities for six double mode RR Lyrae's (RRd's) in the Large Magellanic
Cloud have been estimated using the DeltaS method. The derived [Fe/H] values
are in the range [Fe/H] = -1.09 to -1.78 (or -0.95 to -1.58, adopting a
different calibration of [Fe/H] vs DeltaS). Two stars in our sample are at the
very metal rich limit of all RRd's for which metal abundance has been
estimated, either by direct measure (for field objects) or on the basis of the
hosting system (for objects in globular clusters or external galaxies). These
metal abundances, coupled with mass determinations from pulsational models and
the Petersen diagram, are used to compare the mass-metallicity distribution of
field and cluster RR Lyrae variables. We find that field and cluster RRd's seem
to follow the same mass-metallicity distribution, within the observational
errors, strengthening the case for uniformity of properties between field and
cluster variables At odds to what is usually assumed, we find no significative
difference in mass for RR Lyrae's in globular clusters of different metallicity
and Oosterhoff types, or there may even be a difference contrary to the
commonly accepted one, depending on the metallicity scale adopted to derive
masses. This ``unusual'' result for the mass-metallicity relation is probably
due, at least in part, to the inclusion of updated opacity tables in the
computation of metal-dependent pulsation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1096 </DOCNO>
Quantum-fluctuation-induced repelling interaction of quantum string


  Quantum string, which was brought into discussion recently as a model for the
stripe phase in doped cuprates, is simulated by means of the
density-matrix-renormalization-group method. String collides with adjacent
neighbors, as it wonders, owing to quantum zero-point fluctuations. The energy
cost due to the collisions is our main concern. Embedding a quantum string
between rigid walls with separation d, we found that for sufficiently large d,
collision-induced energy cost obeys the formula \sim exp (- A d^alpha) with
alpha=0.808(1), and string's mean fluctuation width grows logarithmically \sim
log d. Those results are not understood in terms of conventional picture that
the string is `disordered,' and only the short-wave-length fluctuations
contribute to collisions. Rather, our results support a recent proposal that
owing to collisions, short-wave-length fluctuations are suppressed, but
instead, long-wave-length fluctuations become significant. This mechanism would
be responsible for stabilizing the stripe phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148483 </DOCNO>
On the holographic duals of N=1 gauge dynamics


  We analyze the holographic description of several properties of $\N=1$
confining gauge dynamics. In particular we discuss Wilson loops including the
issues of a Luscher term and the broadening of the flux tubes, 't Hooft loops,
baryons, instantons, chiral symmetry breaking, the gluino condensate and BPS
domain walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127299 </DOCNO>
The Quiescence of Dwarf Novae and X-ray Transients


  Our understanding of the structure and properties of accretion disks in
quiescent Dwarf Novae and X-ray Transients is very limited. Observations during
quiescence challenge some of the standard Disk Instability Model (DIM)
predictions. Our ignorance of the nature of viscosity may be the main source of
uncertainties in quiescent disk models. A ``layered accretion'' alternative to
the DIM, in which accretion proceeds via X-ray ionized surface layers,
illustrates the magnitude of these uncertainties. A detection of molecular
hydrogen in quiescent disks may provide direct constraints on the nature of
viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5723 </DOCNO>
Excitations and phase segregation in a two component Bose-Einstein


  Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations and the excitation spectrum of a
two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) are derived with an arbitrary
interaction between bosons, including long-range and short range forces. The
nonconverting BEC mixture segregates into two phases for some two-body
interactions. Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equations are solved for the phase
segregated BEC. A possibility of boundary-surface and other localised
excitations is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75570 </DOCNO>
Unintegrated parton densities applied to heavy quark production in the


  The application of k_t - factorization supplemented with the CCFM small-x
evolution equation to heavy quark production is discussed. The b-b_bar
production cross sections at the TEVATRON can be consistently described using
the k_t-factorization formalism together with the unintegrated gluon density
obtained within the CCFM evolution approach from a fit to HERA F_2 data.
Special attention is drawn to the comparison with measured visible cross
sections. The visible measured cross sections at HERA are compared to the
hadron level Monte Carlo generator CASCADE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73800 </DOCNO>
Double chiral logarithms of Generalized Chiral Perturbation Theory for


  We express the two-massless-flavor Gell-Mann--Oakes--Renner ratio in terms of
low-energy pi-pi observables, including the O(p^6) double chiral logarithms of
generalized chiral perturbation theory. Their contribution is sizeable and
tends to compensate the one from the single chiral logarithms. However it is
not large enough to spoil the convergence of the chiral expansion. As a signal
of reduced theoretical uncertainty, we find that the scale dependence from the
one-loop single logarithms is almost completely canceled by the one from the
two-loop double logarithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95459 </DOCNO>
A proof of a multivariable elliptic summation formula conjectured by


  We prove a multivariable elliptic analogue of Jackson's 8W7 summation
formula, which was recently conjectured by S.O.Warnaar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74462 </DOCNO>
Four-dimensional lattice results on the MSSM electroweak phase


  We present the results of our large scale 4-dimensional (4d) lattice
simulations for the MSSM electroweak phase transition (EWPT). We carried out
infinite volume and continuum limit extrapolations and found a transition whose
strength agrees well with perturbation theory. We determined the properties of
the bubble wall that are important for a successful baryogenesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6711 </DOCNO>
Characteristic length scale and energy of a vortex line in a dilute,


  We calculate the characteristic length scale of a vortex line in a dilute,
superfluid gas of fermionic atoms, and find that it is in general smaller, and
has a weaker density dependence than the BCS coherence length. Taking this into
account, we find the energy of a vortex line to be larger than has previously
been estimated. As a consequence, the critical frequency for formation of
vortices in trapped fermion gases can be significantly larger than earlier
calculations have suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128540 </DOCNO>
Temperature Profiles of Nearby Clusters of Galaxies


  We report results from the analysis of 21 nearby galaxy clusters, 11 with
cooling flow (CF) and 10 without cooling flow, observed with BeppoSAX. The
temperature profiles of both CF and non-CF systems are characterized by an
isothermal core extending out to 0.2 r_180; beyond this radius both CF and
non-CF cluster profiles rapidly decline. Our results differ from those derived
by other authors who either found continuously declining profiles or
substantially flat profiles. Neither the CF nor the non-CF profiles can be
modeled by a polytropic temperature profile, the reason being that the radius
at which the profiles break is much larger than the core radius characterizing
the gas density profiles. For r > 0.2 r_180, where the gas can be treated as a
polytrope, the polytropic indices derived for CF and non-CF systems are
respectively 1.20 +/- 0.06 and 1.46 +/- 0.06. The former index is closer to the
isothermal value, 1, and the latter to the adiabatic value, 5/3. Published
hydrodynamic simulations do not reproduce the peculiar shape of the observed
temperature profile, probably suggesting that a fundamental ingredient is
missing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113591 </DOCNO>
Strange Attractors in Multipath propagation: Detection and


  Multipath propagation of radio waves in indoor/outdoor environments shows a
highly irregular behavior as a function of time. Typical modeling of this
phenomenon assumes the received signal is a stochastic process composed of the
superposition of various altered replicas of the transmitted one, their
amplitudes and phases being drawn from specific probability densities. We set
out to explore the hypothesis of the presence of deterministic chaos in signals
propagating inside various buildings at the University of Calgary. The
correlation dimension versus embedding dimension saturates to a value between 3
and 4 for various antenna polarizations. The full Liapunov spectrum calculated
contains two positive exponents and yields through the Kaplan-Yorke conjecture
the same dimension obtained from the correlation sum. The presence of strange
attractors in multipath propagation hints to better ways to predict the
behaviour of the signal and better methods to counter the effects of
interference. The use of Neural Networks in non linear prediction will be
illustrated in an example and potential applications of same will be
highlighted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95626 </DOCNO>
A new theorem of desingularization over fields of characteristic zero


  We present a proof of embedded desingularization for closed subschemes which
does not use the Hilbert-Samuel function and therefore avoids Hironaka's notion
of normal flatness. First we define a procedure for principalization of ideals
(i.e. a procedure to make the ideal invertible), and then we show that
desingularization of a closed subscheme $X$ is achieved by using the procedure
of principalization for the ideal $I(X)$ associated to the embedded scheme $X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128624 </DOCNO>
Observations and models of the embedded phase of high-mass star


  This paper is a review and an update on recent work on the physical and
chemical structure of the envelopes of newly born massive stars, at the stages
preceding ultracompact H II regions. It discusses methods and results to
determine total mass, temperature and density structure, ionization rate, and
depth-dependent chemical composition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6272 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional electron gas: correlation energy versus density and spin


  We propose a simple analytic representation of the correlation energy for the
two-dimensional electron gas, as a function of the density and the spin
polarization. This new parametrization includes most of the known high- and
low- density limits and fits our new fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo
simulations, performed for a wide range of electron densities and
spin-polarization states. In this way we provide a reliable local-spin-density
energy functional for two-dimensional systems. The corresponding correlation
potential is discussed and compared with previous models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129510 </DOCNO>
New Regime of MHD Turbulence: Cascade Below Viscous Cutoff


  In astrophysical situations, e.g. in the interstellar medium (ISM), neutrals
can provide viscous damping on scales much larger than the magnetic diffusion
scale. Through numerical simulations, we have found that the magnetic field can
have a rich structure below the dissipation cutoff scale. This implies that
magnetic fields in the ISM can have structures on scales much smaller than
parsec scales. Our results show that the magnetic energy contained in a
wavenumber band is independent of the wavenumber and magnetic structures are
intermittent and extremely anisotropic. We discuss the relation between our
results and the formation of the tiny-scale atomic structure (TSAS).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76666 </DOCNO>
The cosmological information on neutrino mixing


  Cosmology provides interesting information on neutrino mixing models with
sterile neutrinos. In this case non standard BBN effects can be relevant. We
show how the recent measurement of the baryon content from the observations of
CMB anisotropies together with the primordial nuclear abundances measurements
can be used to constrain them. In particular four neutrino mixing models are
potentially at variance with the cosmological observations. We also discuss the
possible scenarios from future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3200 </DOCNO>
Bound states in point-interaction star-graphs


  We discuss the discrete spectrum of the Hamiltonian describing a
two-dimensional quantum particle interacting with an infinite family of point
interactions. We suppose that the latter are arranged into a star-shaped graph
with N arms and a fixed spacing between the interaction sites. We prove that
the essential spectrum of this system is the same as that of the infinite
straight "polymer", but in addition there are isolated eigenvalues unless N=2
and the graph is a straight line. We also show that the system has many
strongly bound states if at least one of the angles between the star arms is
small enough. Examples of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are computed
numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123774 </DOCNO>
Photometry and the Metallicity Distribution of the Outer Halo of M31


  We have conducted a wide-field CCD-mosaic study of the resolved red-giant
branch (RGB) stars of M31, in a field located 20 kpc from the nucleus along the
SE minor axis. In our (I, V-I) color-magnitude diagram, RGB stars in the top
three magnitudes of the M31 halo are strongly present. Photometry of a more
distant control field to subtract field contamination is used to derive the
`cleaned' luminosity function and metallicity distribution function (MDF) of
the M31 halo field. From the color distribution of the foreground Milky Way
halo stars, we find a reddening E(V-I)= 0.10 +/- 0.02 for this field, and from
the luminosity of the RGB tip, we determine a distance modulus (m-M)_o = 24.47
+/- 0.12 (= 783 +/- 43 kpc). The MDF is derived from interpolation within an
extensive new grid of RGB models (Vandenberg et al. 2000). The MDF is dominated
by a moderately high-metallicity population ([m/H]~ -0.5) found previously in
more interior M31 halo/bulge fields, and is much more metal-rich than the
[m/H]~ -1.5 level in the Milky Way halo. A significant (~30% - 40%, depending
on AGB star contribution) metal-poor population is also present. To first
order, the shape of the MDF resembles that predicted by a simple,
single-component model of chemical evolution starting from primordial gas with
an effective yield y=0.0055. It strongly resembles the MDF recently found for
the outer halo of the giant elliptical NGC 5128 (Harris et al. 2000), though
NGC 5128 has an even lower fraction of low-metallicity stars. Intriguingly, in
both NGC 5128 and M31, the metallicity distribution of the globular clusters in
M31 does not match the halo stars; the clusters are far more heavily weighted
to metal-poor objects. We suggest similarities in the formation and early
evolution of massive, spheroidal stellar systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97556 </DOCNO>
Higher polyhedral K-groups


  We define higher polyhedral K-groups for commutative rings, starting from the
stable groups of elementary automorphisms of polyhedral algebras. Both
Volodin's theory and Quillen's + construction are developed. In the special
case of algebras associated with unit simplices one recovers the usual
algebraic K-groups, while the general case of lattice polytopes reveals many
new aspects, governed by polyhedral geometry. This paper is a continuation of
[BrG5] (math.KT/0104206) which is devoted to the study of polyhedral aspects of
the classical Steinberg relations. The present work explores the polyhedral
geometry behind Suslin's well known proof of the coincidence of the classical
Volodin's and Quillen's theories. We also determine all K-groups coming from
2-dimensional polytopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114093 </DOCNO>
Floquet Scattering and Classical-Quantum correspondence in strong time


  We study the scattering of an electron from a one dimensional inverted
Gaussian atomic potential in the presence of strong time periodic electric
fields. Using Floquet theory, we construct the Floquet Scattering matrix in the
Kramers-Henneberger frame. We compute the transmission coefficients as a
function of electron incident energy and find that they display asymmetric Fano
resonances due to the electron interaction with the driving field. We find that
the Fano resonances are associated with zero-pole pairs of the Floquet
Scattering matrix in the complex energy plane. Another way we "probe" the
complex spectrum of the system is by computing the Wigner-Smith delay times.
Finally we find that the eigenphases of the Floquet Scattering matrix undergo a
number of "avoided crossings" as a function of electron Floquet energy that
increases with increasing strength of the driving field. These "avoided
crossings" appear to be quantum manifestations of the destruction of the
constants of motion and the onset of chaos in classical phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6828 </DOCNO>
Voltage-tunable entanglement of electron pairs in quantum dots


  Results of calculations and high source-drain transport measurements are
presented which demonstrate voltage-tunable entanglement of electron pairs in
lateral quantum dots. At a fixed magnetic field, the application of a
judiciously-chosen gate voltage alters the ground-state of an electron pair
from an entagled spin singlet to a spin triplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124597 </DOCNO>
Comparative Analysis of GALLEX-GNO Solar Neutrino Data and SOHO/MDI


  We carry out a comparative analysis of the GALLEX-GNO solar neutrino data and
estimates of the solar internal rotation rate derived from the MDI
helioseismology experiment on the SOHO spacecraft. We introduce a statistic,
which we evaluate as a function of radius and latitude, that is a measure of
the degree of "resonance" of oscillations in the neutrino flux and the synodic
solar rotation rate at that radius and latitude. A map of this statistic
indicates that the probable location is deep in the convection zone near the
equator.
  We also examine the integral of this statistic over the equatorial section of
the convection zone. This provides a measure of the likelihood that the
variability of the solar neutrino flux, as measured by the GALLEX-GNO data, has
its origin in the equatorial section of the convection zone. We apply the
shuffle test, randomly reassigning measurements among runs, to estimate the
significance of the value of the statistic computed from the actual data. This
test implies that the result is significant at the 0.2% level. When, for
comparison, we repeat this analysis for the radiative zone, we find that the
integral resonance statistic is not significant.
  These results support earlier evidence for rotational modulation of the solar
neutrino flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149588 </DOCNO>
Three-point functions and operator product expansion in the SL(2)


  In the SL(2) conformal field theory, we write down and analyze the analytic
expression of the three-point functions of generic primary fields with definite
SL(2) weights. Using these results, we discuss the operator product expansion
in the SL(2,R) WZW model. We propose a prescription of the OPE, the classical
limit of which is in precise agreement with the tensor products of the
representations of SL(2,R).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125837 </DOCNO>
Hard radio spectra from reconnection regions in galactic nuclei


  Extremely flat and inverted radio spectra as observed in galactic nuclei and
BL Lac sources are still a challenge for fast particle acceleration models.
Continuous acceleration by electric fields in reconnection regions can result
in almost constant particle distributions and thereby in inverted synchrotron
spectra independent from the details of the injected spectrum. These spectra
are calculated from a spatially averaged diffusion transport equation in
momentum space that includes systematic momentum gains and losses as well as
finite particle escape lifetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95975 </DOCNO>
On syzygies of Segre embeddings


  The main result of this paper is the following: let d be a natural number >=
3; the line bundle O(1,...,1) on the product of d copies of the projective line
P^1 satisfies Property N_p of Green-Lazarsfeld if and only if p <= 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149894 </DOCNO>
Holomorphic potentials for graded D-branes


  We discuss gauge-fixing, propagators and effective potentials for topological
A-brane composites in Calabi-Yau compactifications. This allows for the
construction of a holomorphic potential describing the low-energy dynamics of
such systems, which generalizes the superpotentials known from the ungraded
case. Upon using results of homotopy algebra, we show that the string field and
low energy descriptions of the moduli space agree, and that the deformations of
such backgrounds are described by a certain extended version of `off-shell
Massey products' associated with flat graded superbundles. As examples, we
consider a class of graded D-brane pairs of unit relative grade. Upon computing
the holomorphic potential, we study their moduli space of composites. In
particular, we give a general proof that such pairs can form acyclic
condensates, and, for a particular case, show that another branch of their
moduli space describes condensation of a two-form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81251 </DOCNO>
The N_f=0 heavy quark potential and perturbation theory


  The potential of a static quark-antiquark pair is studied in the range 0.05
fm $<$ r $<$ 0.8 fm, employing a sequence of lattices up to 64^4. The continuum
quantities are evaluated by extrapolation of the data at finite lattice
spacing. The results are compared with the perturbation theory predictions
obtained from the solution of the renormalization group equation for the
coupling. The renormalization scheme must be chosen carefully. No evidence for
large non-perturbative effects at short distances is seen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124417 </DOCNO>
The Mass-Velocity and Position-Velocity Relations in Episodic Outflows


  While observational evidence for the episodic nature of young stellar
outflows continues to mount, existing numerical and theoretical models of
molecular outflows assume they are formed by the interaction of a non-episodic
wind from a young stellar object with an ambient cloud. In this Letter we
estimate and discuss the effects of episodicity on the mass-velocity and
position-velocity relations observed in molecular outflows. We explain how many
recent observational results disagree with the predictions of non-episodic
outflow models, and we offer simple explanations for the discrepancies. In
particular, we discuss how an episodic stellar outflow can steepen the
power-law slope of the mass-velocity relation in a molecular outflow. And, we
illustrate how an episodic outflow can produce multiple "Hubble-wedges'' in the
position-velocity distribution of a molecular outflow. With a little more
information than we have now, it may be possible to use the "fossil record"
embedded in a molecular outflow's mass-velocity and position-velocity relations
to reconstruct the history of a young stellar object's mass ejection episodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98937 </DOCNO>
Laplace operators in deRham complexes associated with measures on


  Let $\Gamma_X$ denote the space of all locally finite configurations in a
complete, stochastically complete, connected, oriented Riemannian manifold $X$,
whose volume measure $m$ is infinite. In this paper, we construct and study
spaces $L^2_\mu\Omega^n$ of differential $n$-forms over $\Gamma_X$ that are
square integrable with respect to a probability measure $\mu$ on $\Gamma_X$.
The measure $\mu$ is supposed to satisfy the condition $\Sigma_m'$ (generalized
Mecke identity) well known in the theory of point processes. On
$L^2_\mu\Omega^n$, we introduce bilinear forms of Bochner and deRham type. We
prove their closabilty and call the generators of the corresponding closures
the Bochner and deRham Laplacian, respectively. We prove that both operators
contain in their domain the set of all smooth local forms. We show that, under
a rather general assumption on the measure $\mu$, the space of all
Bochner-harmonic $\mu$-square integrable forms on $\Gamma_X$ consists only of
the zero form. Finally, a Weitzenb\"ock type formula connecting the Bochner and
deRham Laplacians is obtained. As examples, we consider (mixed) Poisson
measures, Ruelle type measures on $\Gamma_{{\Bbb R}^d}$, and Gibbs measures in
the low activity--high temperature regime, as well as Gibbs measures with a
positive interaction potential on $\Gamma_X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74787 </DOCNO>
Leptoquark Signals via $\nu $ interactions at Neutrino Factories


  The accurate prediction of neutrino beam produced in muon decays and the
absence of opposite helicity contamination for a particular neutrino flavour
makes a future neutrino factory (NF) based on a muon storage ring (MSR), the
ideal place to look for the lepton flavour violating (LFV) effects. In this
paper, we address the contribution of mediating LFV leptoquarks (LQ) in $\nu
(\bar\nu)-{N}$ interactions leading to production of $\tau$'s and wrong sign
$\mu$'s at MSR and investigate the region where LQ interactions are significant
in the near-site and short baseline experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7139 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect and anti-ferromagnetic correlation in transport through


  We propose to study the transport through tunneling-coupled double quantum
dots (DQDs) connected in series to leads, using the finite-U slave-boson mean
field approach developed initially by Kotliar and Ruckenstein [Phys. Rev. Lett.
57, 1362 (1986)]. This approach treats the dot-lead coupling and the inter-dot
tunnelling t nonperturbatively at arbitrary Coulomb correlation U, thus allows
the anti-ferromagnetic exchange coupling parameter $J=4t^2/U$ to appear
naturally. We find that, with increasing the inter-dot hopping, the DQDs
manifest three distinct physical scenarios: the Kondo singlet state of each dot
with its adjacent lead, the spin singlet state consisting of local spins on
each dot and the doubly occupied bonding orbital of the coupled dots. The three
states exhibit remarkably distinct behavior in transmission spectrum, linear
and differential conductance and their magnetic-field dependence. Theoretical
predictions agree with numerical renormalization group and Lanczos
calculations, as well as with recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3523 </DOCNO>
Order parameter theory for Anderson localization


  We present a self-consistent theory of Anderson localization, that identifies
the typical local density of states as the fundamental order parameter. Both
the escape rate of an electron from a given site, and the conductivity are
shown to vanish in the insulating phase, which emerges for disorder strengths
comparable to the electronic bandwidth. Due to the local character of our
theory, it can easily be combined with standard dynamical mean-field approaches
for strong electronic correlations, thus opening an attractive avenue for the
study of the interplay of interactions and disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114148 </DOCNO>
An Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm on Molecular Vibronic


  Time-Frequency Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (TFRCARS) was
recently proposed as a means to implement quantum logic using the molecular
ro-vibrational manifold as a quantum register [R. Zadoyan et al., Chem. Phys.
266, 323 (2001)]. We give a concrete example of how this can be accomplished
through an illustrative algorithm that solves the Deutsch-Jozsa problem. We use
realistic molecular parameters to recognize that, as the problem size expands,
shaped pulses must be tailored to maintain fidelity of the algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124587 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constraints on Terrestrial Planet Formation


  I attempt to piece together a consistent scenario based on current estimates
of the evolution of the star formation rate of the Universe, the metallicity
evolution of the star-forming regions of the Universe and the most recent
observations of extrasolar planets. The precision of all of these data sets is
improving rapidly, but they can already be combined to yield an estimate of the
age distribution of earth-like planets in the Universe (Lineweaver 2001,
astro-ph/0012399).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114229 </DOCNO>
Development of a Detector Control System for the ATLAS Pixel Detector


  The innermost part of the ATLAS experiment will be a pixel detector
containing around 1750 individual detector modules. A detector control system
(DCS) is required to handle thousands of I/O channels with varying
characteristics. The main building blocks of the pixel DCS are the cooling
system, the power supplies and the thermal interlock system, responsible for
the ultimate safety of the pixel sensors. The ATLAS Embedded Local Monitor
Board (ELMB), a multi purpose front end I/O system with a CAN interface, is
foreseen for several monitoring and control tasks. The Supervisory, Control And
Data Acquisition (SCADA) system will use PVSS, a commercial software product
chosen for the CERN LHC experiments. We report on the status of the different
building blocks of the ATLAS pixel DCS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96801 </DOCNO>
Elliptic Gorenstein singularities, log canonical thresholds and log


  We point out an interesting relation between hypersurface elliptic
singularities and log Enriques surfaces: with a few exceptions, every
hypersurface elliptic singularity define some klt log Enriques surface
$(S,Diff)$. In many cases, the log canonical cover of $(S,Diff)$ is a Du Val K3
surface with ``large'' nonsymplectic automorphism group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96649 </DOCNO>
Affine Structures on abelian Lie Groups


  The complete affine structures on abelian Lie algebras in small dimensions
are well known. In this paper we are interested by the non complete case. In
particular we classify all these structures in dimensions 2 and 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169360 </DOCNO>
Founding Mistrustful Quantum Cryptography on Coin Tossing?


  A significant branch of classical cryptography deals with the problems which
arise when mistrustful parties need to generate, process or exchange
information. As Kilian showed a while ago, mistrustful classical cryptography
can be founded on a single protocol, oblivious transfer, from which general
secure multi-party computations can be built.
  The scope of mistrustful quantum cryptography is limited by no-go theorems,
which rule out, inter alia, unconditionally secure quantum protocols for
oblivious transfer or general secure two-party computations. These theorems
apply even to protocols which take relativistic signalling constraints into
account. The best that can be hoped for, in general, are quantum protocols
computationally secure against quantum attack. I describe here a method for
building a classically certified bit commitment, and hence every other
mistrustful cryptographic task, from a secure coin tossing protocol. No
security proof is attempted, but I sketch reasons why these protocols might
resist quantum computational attack.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98445 </DOCNO>
The Kodaira dimension of moduli spaces of curves with marked points, II


  We sharpen our previous results on the g and n such that the moduli space of
curves of genus g with n marked points is of general type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86364 </DOCNO>
Interacting spin 0 fields with torsion via Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau theory


  Here we study the behaviour of spin 0 sector of the DKP field in spaces with
torsion. First we show that in a Riemann-Cartan manifold the DKP field presents
an interaction with torsion when minimal coupling is performed, contrary to the
behaviour of the KG field, a result that breaks the usual equivalence between
the DKP and the KG fields.
  Next we analyse the case of Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity
Weitzenbock manifold, showing that in this case there is a perfect agreement
between KG and DKP fields. The origins of both results are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2077 </DOCNO>
Imaging and spectroscopy of artificial-atom states in core/shell


  Current imaging scanning tunneling microscopy is used to observe the
electronic wavefunctions in InAs/ZnSe core/shell nanocrystals. Images taken at
a bias corresponding to the s conduction band state show that it is localized
in the central core region, while images at higher bias probing the p state
reveal that it extends to the shell. This is supported by optical and tunneling
spectroscopy data demonstrating that the s-p gap closes upon shell growth.
Shapes of the current images resemble atom-like envelope wavefunctions of the
quantum dot calculated within a particle in a box model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114040 </DOCNO>
Correlated many-body treatment of Breit interaction with application to


  Corrections from Breit interaction to basic properties of atomic 133Cs are
determined in the framework of third-order relativistic many-body perturbation
theory. The corrections to energies, hyperfine-structure constants,
off-diagonal hyperfine 6S-7S amplitude, and electric-dipole matrix elements are
tabulated. It is demonstrated that the Breit corrections to correlations are
comparable to the Breit corrections at the Dirac-Hartree-Fock level.
Modification of the parity-nonconserving (PNC) 6S-7S amplitude due to Breit
interaction is also evaluated; the resulting weak charge of $^{133}$Cs shows no
significant deviation from the prediction of the standard model of elementary
particles. The neutron skin correction to the PNC amplitude is also estimated
to be -0.2% with an error bound of 30% based on the analysis of recent
experiments with antiprotonic atoms. The present work supplements publication
[A. Derevianko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1618 (2000)] with a discussion of the
formalism and provides additional numerical results and updated discussion of
parity violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81130 </DOCNO>
Topological Susceptibility in Lattice QCD with Two Flavors of Dynamical


  We present a study of the topological susceptibility in lattice QCD with two
degenerate flavors of dynamical quarks. The topological charge is measured on
gauge configurations generated with a renormalization group improved gauge
action and a mean field improved clover quark action at three values of
$\beta=6/g^2$, corresponding to lattice spacings of $a \approx 0.22$, 0.16 and
0.11 fm, with four sea quark masses at each $\beta$. The study is supplemented
by simulations of pure SU(3) gauge theory with the same gauge action at 5
values of $\beta$ with lattice spacings 0.09 fm$\simlt a \simlt$0.27 fm. We
employ a field theoretic definition of the topological charge together with
cooling. For the topological susceptibility in the continuum limit of pure
SU(3) gauge theory we obtain $\chi_t^{1/4} = 197^{+13}_{-16}$ MeV where the
error shows statistical and systematic ones added in quadrature. In full QCD
$\chi_t$ at heavy sea quark masses is consistent with that of pure SU(3) gauge
theory. A decrease of $\chi_t$ toward light quark masses, as predicted by the
anomalous Ward-Takahashi identity for U(1) chiral symmetry, becomes clearer for
smaller lattice spacings. The cross-over in the behavior of $\chi_t$ from heavy
to light sea quark masses is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125246 </DOCNO>
Evidence for dust grain growth in young circumstellar disks


  Hundreds of circumstellar disks in the Orion nebula are being rapidly
destroyed by the intense ultraviolet radiation produced by nearby bright stars.
These young, million-year-old disks may not survive long enough to form
planetary systems. Nevertheless, the first stage of planet formation -- the
growth of dust grains into larger particles -- may have begun in these systems.
Observational evidence for these large particles in Orion's disks is presented.
A model of grain evolution in externally irradiated protoplanetary disks is
developed and predicts rapid particle size evolution and sharp outer disk
boundaries. We discuss implications for the formation rates of planetary
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41200 </DOCNO>
Implications of the Tevatron Jet Results on PDF


  We report a new measurement of the pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-
energy (Et) dependence of the inclusive jet production cross section in pbar p
collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV using 95 pb**-1 of data collected with the D0
detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The differential cross section d^2sigma/(dEt
deta) is presented up to |eta|=3, significantly extending previous
measurements. The results are in good overall agreement with next-to-leading
order predictions from QCD, indicate a preference for certain parton
distribution functions, and provide the world's best constraint on the gluon
distribution at high parton momentum fraction x.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97342 </DOCNO>
Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction for quantum groups and deformations of


  We define deformations of W-algebras associated to complex semi-simple Lie
algebras by means of quantum Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction procedure for affine
quantum groups. We also introduce Wakimoto modules for arbitrary affine quantum
groups and construct free field resolutions and screening operators for the
deformed W-algebras. We compare our results with earlier definitions of
q-W-algebras and of the deformed screening operators due to Awata, Kubo, Odake,
Shiraishi (q-alg/9507034, q-alg/9508011, q-alg/9612001), Feigin, E. Frenkel
(q-alg/9508009) and E. Frenkel, Reshetikhin (q-alg/9708006). The screening
operator and the free field resolution for the deformed W-algebra associated to
the simple Lie algebra sl(2) coincide with those for the deformed Virasoro
algebra introduced in q-alg/9507034.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1609 </DOCNO>
New type of conductivity oscillations in quantized films with rough


  A new type of quantum size effect (QSE) oscillations is predicted for films
with a relatively large correlation radius of surface inhomogeneities. The
effect replaces usual QSE for random inhomogeneities with Gaussian and
exponential power spectra. The well-pronounced oscillations of conductivity
$\sigma $ as a function of channel width $L$ separate two distinct regions with
different indices in the power-law dependence $\sigma (L) $. The oscillations
are explained and their positions identified. The effect is reminiscent of
magnetic breakthrough and can simplify observation of QSE in metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1872 </DOCNO>
Dipolar Excitons, Spontaneous Phase Coherence, and Superfluid-Insulator


  The spontaneous interlayer phase coherent (111) state of bi-layer Quantum
Hall system at filling factor $\nu=1$ may be viewed as a condensate of
interlayer particle-hole pairs or excitons. We show in this paper that when the
layers are biased in such a way that these excitons are very dilute, they may
be viewed as point-like bosons. We calculate the exciton dispersion relation,
and show that the exciton-exciton interaction is dominated by the dipole moment
they carry. In addition to the phase coherent state, we also find a Wigner
Crystal/Glass phase in the presence/absence of disorder which is an insulating
state for the excitons. The position of the phase boundary is estimated and the
properties of the superfluid-insulator type transition between these two phases
is discussed. We also discuss the relation between these "dipolar" excitons and
the "dipolar" composite fermions studied in the context of half-filled Landau
level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6203 </DOCNO>
Robust D-wave Pairing Correlations in a Hole-Doped Spin-Fermion Model


  Pairing Correlations are studied numerically in the hole-doped spin-fermion
model for cuprates. Simulations performed on up to 12x12 clusters provide
robust indications of D-wave superconductivity away from half-filling. The
pairing correlations are the strongest in the direction perpendicular to the
dynamic stripe-like inhomogeneities that appear in the ground state at some
densities. An optimal doping, where the correlations reach a maximum value, was
observed at about 25% doping, in qualitative agreement with hight T_{c}
cuprates' experiments. On the other hand, pairing correlations are suppressed
by static stripe inhomogeneities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149200 </DOCNO>
Two simple topics in spectral theory


  1.An expression for the smoothed counting function in terms of the fractional
derivatives of the delta-function is presented. 2. The Neumann-Dirichlet (ND)
boundary problem is introduced via some elementary examples based on a
functorial relation between the ND, DD, NN and periodic boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76287 </DOCNO>
Overpopulation of $\bar \Omega$ in pp collisions: a way to distinguish


  The $\bar{\Omega}/\Omega$ ratio originating from string decays is predicted
to be larger than unity in proton proton interactions at SPS energies ($E_{\rm
lab}$=160 GeV). The anti-omega dominance increases with decreasing beam energy.
This surprising behavior is caused by the combinatorics of quark-antiquark
production in small and low-mass strings. Since this behavior is not found in a
statistical description of hadron production in proton proton collisions, it
may serve as a key observable to probe the hadronization mechanism in such
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97490 </DOCNO>
Moduli of contact circles


  We continue the study of linear families of contact forms on 3-manifolds
begun in our paper `Contact geometry and complex surfaces'. The present paper
introduces Teichmuller and moduli spaces for so-called taut contact circles. By
constructing a developing map for taut contact circles, we show that these
geometrically defined deformation spaces are equivalent to certain spaces of
representations of the fundamental group in appropriate Lie groups.
Furthermore, we relate these deformation spaces to `classical' Teichmuller
theory of Riemann surfaces and orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2646 </DOCNO>
Nonstoichiometry, Defects and Transport Properties in MgB2


  The local composition Mg:B of MgB2 powder was systematically changed through
annealing. Correlations were observed between the Mg loss and the lattice
parameters a/c and the microstrain of MgB2. Direct
wavelength-dispersive-spectrum and XRD measurements on ceramic samples with
different residual resistivity ratios suggested that the transport property of
MgB2 might be affected by this Mg-deficiency, but oxygen-related defects may
play a more important role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124984 </DOCNO>
The visibility of gamma-ray burst afterglows in dusty star-forming


  Recent observations of the environments of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) favour
massive stars as their progenitors, which are likely to be surrounded by gas
and dust. The visibility of the optical and UV emission of a GRB are expected
to depend on the characteristics of both the dust and the GRB emission itself.
A reasonable distribution of surrounding dust is capable of absorbing all the
optical and UV emission of the optical flash and afterglow of a GRB, unless the
optical flash has a peak isotropic luminosity L_peak > 10^49 erg/s. This means
that dark bursts should exist and these bursts will have to be studied at
infrared rather than optical wavelengths. In this paper details will be given
about the infrared GRB dust emission. The reprocessed dust emission peaks at a
rest-frame wavelength of about 8 micron. Forthcoming space telescopes, in
particular the IRAC camera aboard the Space Infrared Telescope Facility could
detect this emission out to a redshift of about 2. However, an accurate
position of the GRB afterglow must be provided for this emission to be
identified, because the light curve of the reprocessed dust emission does not
vary on time-scales less than several years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75199 </DOCNO>
Exploring Neutrino Mixing with Low Energy Superbeams


  We explore as clearly as possible the features of neutrino oscillation which
are relevant for measurements of the CP violating Kobayashi-Maskawa phase delta
and the sign of \Delta m^2_{13}. We focus on the so called low-energy option
and discuss principles for optimizing experimental parameters to measure these
two quantities simultaneously. Toward the goal, we first formulate a method for
obtaining a bird-eye view of the phenomenon of neutrino oscillation by
introducing a new powerful tool called the ``CP trajectory diagram in
bi-probability space''. It allows us to represent pictorially the three effects
separately in a single diagram; effect from genuine CP violation due to the sin
delta term, effect from the CP conserving cos delta term, and the fake CP
violating effect due to earth matter. By using the CP trajectory diagram we
observe that there is a two-fold ambiguity in the determination of delta which
is related with the sign of Delta m^2_{13}. We then address the question of
what are the promising options for conceptual design of experiments at low
energies which looks for CP violation and at the same time would resolve the
two-fold ambiguity. We point out that a version with distance of about 700 km,
with a megaton class water Cherenkov detector gives an optimal design which
allows simultaneous determination of delta and the sign of Delta m^2_{13} {\it
in situ}. We also point out that there is a possibility that the similar {\it
in situ} measurement of both quantities can be done at the Phase II of JHF
experiment with much shorter baseline, under the assumption of nature's kind
setting of delta to the region of sin{delta} \cdot Delta m^2_{13} < 0. A
technique of running at high (sim 1 GeV) and low (sim 0.5 GeV) beam energies is
proposed as a method for better identification of delta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97960 </DOCNO>
Geodcesic completeness for meromorphic metrics: the case of coercive


  This thesis is concerned with extending the idea of geodesic completeness
from pseudo-Riemannian to complex geometry: we take, however a completely
holomorphicpoint of view; that is to say, a 'metric' will be a (meromorphic)
symmetric section of the twice covariant holomorphic tensor bundle. We shall
hint at the need of reformulating some aspects of the theory of differential
equations in the complex domain, originating in the interpenetration betwixt
differential and algebraic aspects when analytical continuation is pursued. The
notion itself of path should be reformulated: we remark that geodesics will be
defined on Riemann surfaces which are domains over regions in the complex
plane. Of course geodesics will be eventually defined to be auto-parallel
paths, but we shall focus our attention on the fact that the Levi-Civita
connection will be meromorphic if the metric from which it is induced is
allowed to have poles or even simply to lower somewhere in its rank. We shall
study rather more deeply a class of manifolds, namely warped products of
Riemann surfaces; some hypotheses concerning their metrics will be done,
(metrics will be suppose to be 'coercive', in a sense that will be defined) but
we shall show that the range of applicability of the yielded completeness
theorems will not be exceedingly restricted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72555 </DOCNO>
Renormalon Analysis of Heavy-Light Exclusive B Decays


  We study two-body exclusive decays of the form B -> D^(*) L (L = \pi, \rho)
in the heavy quark limit. We perform a renormalon analysis of such processes to
determine the order at which nonperturbative factorization-breaking power
corrections enter the amplitude. We find that a class of leading power
corrections to the color octet matrix element, of O(\Lambda_QCD/m_b), vanish in
the limit of a symmetric light meson parton distribution function. We discuss
the phenomenological significance of this result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128434 </DOCNO>
A simple analytical model for the abundance of damped Ly-\alpha


  A simple analytical model for estimating the fraction (\Omega_{gas}) of
matter in gaseous form within the collapsed dark matter (DM) haloes is
presented. The model is developed using (i) the Press-Schechter formalism to
estimate the fraction of baryons in DM haloes, and (ii) the observational
estimates of the star formation rate at different redshifts. The prediction for
\Omega_{gas} from the model is in broad agreement with the observed abundance
of the damped Ly-\alpha systems. Furthermore, it can be used for estimating the
circular velocities of the collapsed haloes at different redshifts, which could
be compared with future observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72600 </DOCNO>
Toward Determination of m_t at 50 MeV Accuracy


  The top quark mass will be determined to high accuracy from the shape of the
ttbar total production cross section in the threshold region at a future linear
e+e- collider. Presently the estimated statistical error in the measurement of
the MSbar mass of the top quark is \sim 50 MeV, while the estimated theoretical
error is 150-200 MeV. In order to reduce the theoretical uncertainty to below
50 MeV, we have recently computed an important part of the higher-order
corrections. We deomonstrate the significance of the calculated correction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113366 </DOCNO>
An approximate cooperativity analysis by DSC of phase transitions of


  The effect of solute, sodium deoxycholate bile salt (DOCNa), on the
cooperativity of ordered-fluid, fosfolipid phase transition has been
investigated by determining of the transition widths in multibilayer
dispersions of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)-DOCNa mixtures. The
DT1/2 values were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The van't
Hoff values of the main transition enthalpies were calculated using an
approximative expression, deduced from Zimm and Bragg theory
[Sturtevant,J.M.(1982), Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,79:3963-3967]. The bile salt
decreases the cooperativity (size of cooperative unit) of DPPC bilayers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75871 </DOCNO>
Effects of Cosmological Moduli Fields on Cosmic Microwave Background


  We discuss effects of cosmological moduli fields on the cosmic microwave
background (CMB). If a modulus field \phi once dominates the universe, the CMB
we observe today is from the decay of \phi and its anisotropy is affected by
the primordial fluctuation in the amplitude of the modulus field. Consequently,
constraints on the inflaton potential from the CMB anisotropy can be relaxed.
In particular, the scale of the inflation may be significantly lowered. In
addition, with the cosmological moduli fields, correlated mixture of adiabatic
and isocurvature fluctuations may be generated, which results in enhanced CMB
angular power spectrum at higher multipoles relative to that of lower ones.
Such an enhancement can be an evidence of the cosmological moduli fields, and
may be observed in future satellite experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179097 </DOCNO>
Non equilibrium effects in fragmentation


  We study, using molecular dynamics techniques, how boundary conditions affect
the process of fragmentation of finite, highly excited, Lennard-Jones systems.
We analyze the behavior of the caloric curves (CC), the associated thermal
response functions (TRF) and cluster mass distributions for constrained and
unconstrained hot drops. It is shown that the resulting CC's for the
constrained case differ from the one in the unconstrained case, mainly in the
presence of a ``vapor branch''. This branch is absent in the free expanding
case even at high energies . This effect is traced to the role played by the
collective expansion motion. On the other hand, we found that the recently
proposed characteristic features of a first order phase transition taking place
in a finite isolated system, i.e. abnormally large kinetic energy fluctuations
and a negative branch in the TRF, are present for the constrained (dilute) as
well the unconstrained case. The microscopic origin of this behavior is also
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74742 </DOCNO>
Neutrino, Lepton, and Quark Masses in Supersymmetry


  The recently proposed model of neutrino mass with no new physics beyond the
TeV energy scale is shown to admit a natural and realistic supersymmetric
realization, when combined with another recently proposed model of quark masses
in the context of a softly broken U(1) symmetry. Four Higgs doublets are
required, but two must have masses at the TeV scale. New characteristic
experimental predictions of this synthesis are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41226 </DOCNO>
Search for Direct CP Violation in B -> K pi Decays


  We search for direct CP violation in flavor specific B -> K pi decays by
measuring the rate asymmetry between charge conjugate modes. The search is
performed on a data sample of 11.1 million B B bar events recorded on the
Upsilon(4S) resonance by the Belle experiment at KEKB. We measure 90%
confidence intervals in the partial rate asymmetry A_CP of -0.25 < A_CP(K-/+
pi+/-) < 0.37, -0.40 < A_CP(K-/+ pi^0) < 0.36, and -0.53 < A_CP(K^0 pi-/+) <
0.82. By combining the K-/+ pi+/- and K-/+ pi^0 final states, we conclude that
-0.22 < A_CP[K-/+(pi+/- + pi^0)] < 0.25 at the 90% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74263 </DOCNO>
Solving the strong CP problem with supersymmetry


  We propose a new solution to the strong CP problem based on supersymmetric
non-renormalization theorems. CP is broken spontaneously and it's breaking is
communicated to the MSSM by radiative corrections. The strong CP phase is
protected by a susy non-renormalization theorem and remains exactly zero while
loops can generate a large CKM phase from wave function renormalization. We
present a concrete model as an example but stress that our framework is
general. We also discuss constraints on susy breaking and point out
experimental signatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124050 </DOCNO>
Complexity in Cosmology


  The question of the nature of galaxy clustering and the possible homogeneity
of galaxy distribution is one of the fundamental problem of cosmology. It is
well established that galaxy structures are characterized, up to a certain
scale, by fractal properties. The possible crossover to homogeneity is instead
still matter of debate. However, independently on the specific value of the
homogeneity scale, the fractal nature of galaxy clustering requires new methods
and theoretical concepts developed in the area of statistical physics and
complexity. In this lecture we discuss a new perspective on the problem of
cosmological structures formation, both from the experimental and the
theoretical points of view. This new perspective leads to a very interesting
and constructive interaction between the fields of cosmic structures,
statistical physics and complexity with very challenging open problems which we
also discuss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72905 </DOCNO>
Dispersion relations and soft pion theorems for K -> pi pi


  We propose a new method to obtain the K -> pi pi amplitude from K -> pi which
allows one to fully account for the effects of final state interactions. The
method is based on a set of dispersion relations for the K -> pi pi amplitude
in which the weak Hamiltonian carries momentum. The soft pion theorem, which
relates this amplitude to the K -> pi amplitude, can be used to determine one
of the two subtraction constants - the second constant is at present known only
to leading order in chiral perturbation theory. We solve the dispersion
relations numerically and express the result in terms of the unknown higher
order corrections to this subtraction constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96229 </DOCNO>
The two-eigenvalue problem and density of Jones representation of braid


  Introduction
  1. The two-eigenvalue problem
  2. Hecke algebra representations of braid groups
  3. Duality of Jones-Wenzl representations
  4. Closed images of Jones-Wenzl sectors
  5. Distribution of evaluations of Jones polynomials
  6. Fibonacci representations

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73006 </DOCNO>
Future Measurements of Transversity


  A review of envisaged future quark transversity measurements is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124935 </DOCNO>
The crust of rotating strange quark stars


  Calculations of the properties of rotating strange stars with crusts are
performed within the framework of general relativity. We employ an equation of
state (EOS) of strange quark matter based on the MIT Bag Model with massive
strange quarks and lowest order QCD interactions. The crust is described by the
BPS equation of state. A significant increase of the stellar radius is found
close to the Keplerian (mass-shedding limit) configuration. This leads to the
disappearance of the gap between the stellar surface and the innermost stable
circular orbit (ISCO) at very high rotation rates, for a rather broad range of
stellar masses. The Keplerian configuration for the strange star with crust
corresponds to values of J, T/W which are about 20% smaller than in the case of
bare strange stars. Because the Keplerian configuration is achieved due to the
increase of the stellar oblateness, the Keplerian frequency (of the rotation)
remains almost unaltered. The lack of the gap close to the Keplerian rotation
could imply a more stringent limit on the frequency of the ISCO, if the
existence of such a gap is supported by observations, as in the source 4U
1820-30 with the upper QPO frequency 1.07 kHz. During the spin-down of a
magnetized strange quark star with crust, the crust matter is absorbed in the
equatorial region by the strange matter core. The deconfinement of absorbed
crust matter is a strongly exothermic process, which would influence the
cooling curve of this compact object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6236 </DOCNO>
Spontaneously Broken Spacetime Symmetries and Goldstone's Theorem


  Goldstone's theorem states that there is a massless mode for each broken
symmetry generator. It has been known for a long time that the naive
generalization of this counting fails to give the correct number of massless
modes for spontaneously broken spacetime symmetries. We explain how to get the
right count of massless modes in the general case, and discuss examples
involving spontaneously broken Poincare and conformal invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96199 </DOCNO>
Singular Monge-Ampere foliations


  This replaces the previous version, by correcting an error in the proof of
Theorem 1.4, that was pointed out by the referee.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87097 </DOCNO>
Conformally Flat Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics: Application to Neutron


  We present a new 3D SPH code which solves the general relativistic field +
hydrodynamics equations in the conformally flat approximation. Several test
cases are considered to test different aspects of the code. We finally apply
then the code to the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The neutron
stars are modeled by a polytropic equation of state (EoS) with adiabatic
indices $\Gamma=2.0$, $\Gamma=2.6$ and $\Gamma=3.0$. We calculate the
gravitational wave signals, luminosities and frequency spectra by employing the
quadrupole approximation for emission and back reaction in the slow motion
limit. In addition, we consider the amount of ejected mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76069 </DOCNO>
CPT violation: mechanism and phenomenology


  A new mechanism for T and CPT violation is reviewed, which relies on chiral
fermions, gauge interactions and nontrivial spacetime topology. Also discussed
are the possible effects on the propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuo,
in particular for the cosmic microwave background radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126283 </DOCNO>
Arguments for a Hubble Constant near $H_0$ = 55


  Recent analyses of Cepheid distances to spiral galaxies have led to an
announcement of a Hubble constant of $H_0 = 72 \pm 8$ km/sec/Mpc. The new
Cepheid distances, however, show that there are numerous redshift distances
with large excesses which cannot be due to peculiar velocities. Ignoring these
discordant redshifts, if the Hubble constant is calibrated with Cepheid
distances of low redshift spirals a value near $H_0$ = 55 is obtained. Use of
independent distance criteria such as Tully-Fisher and group membership
verifies this value and leads to three conclusions: 1) The peculiar velocities
of galaxies in space are characteristically small. 2) Sc companions to normal
Sb's tend to be less luminous, with younger stellar populations and small
amounts non velocity redshift. 3) ScI and other purportedly over luminous
spirals have large amounts of intrinsic redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98124 </DOCNO>
The mass of asymptotically hyperbolic Riemannian manifolds


  We present a set of global invariants, called "mass integrals", which can be
defined for a large class of asymptotically hyperbolic Riemannian manifolds.
When the "boundary at infinity" has spherical topology one single invariant is
obtained, called the mass; we show positivity thereof. We apply the definition
to conformally compactifiable manifolds, and show that the mass is
completion-independent. We also prove the result, closely related to the
problem at hand, that conformal completions of conformally compactifiable
manifolds are unique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2916 </DOCNO>
Universal behaviour of ideal and interacting quantum gases in two


  We discuss ideal and interacting quantum gases obeying the generalization of
the Pauli exclusion principle. We find simple expressions for the thermodynamic
quantities for the case when the single-particle density of states is constant
and we show that all the temperature dependence is contained in a single
variable $y_0$ which is independent of the statistics interaction parameter
$\alpha$. Using this result, the thermodynamic equivalence between these
systems follows directly. We give also the microscopical justification of this
equivalence. Interacting systems are analyzed in the mean-field approximation.
Using the previous results, we prove the equivalence between the ideal and
non-ideal systems and discuss the situation when the particles are in a general
two-dimensional external potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126055 </DOCNO>
Search for nearby stars among proper motion stars selected by


  We present the discovery of a previously unknown very nearby star - LHS 2090
at a distance of only d=6 pc. In order to find nearby (i.e. d < 25 pc) red
dwarfs, we re-identified high proper motion stars ($\mu >$ 0.18 arcsec/yr) from
the NLTT catalogue (Luyten \cite{luyten7980}) in optical Digitized Sky Survey
data for two different epochs and in the 2MASS data base. Only proper motion
stars with large $R-K_s$ colour index and with relatively bright infrared
magnitudes ($K_s<10$) were selected for follow-up spectroscopy. The
low-resolution spectrum of LHS 2090 and its large proper motion
(0.79 arcsec/yr) classify this star as an M6.5 dwarf. The resulting
spectroscopic distance estimate from comparing the infrared $JHK_s$ magnitudes
of LHS 2090 with absolute magnitudes of M6.5 dwarfs is $6.0\pm1.1$ pc assuming
an uncertainty in absolute magnitude of $\pm$0.4 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5815 </DOCNO>
Sum rule for the optical scattering rates


  An important quantity in electronic systems is the quasiparticle scattering
rate (QPSR). A related optical scattering rate (OSR) is routinely extracted
from optical data, and, while it is not the same as the QPSR, it nevertheless
displays many of the same features. We consider a sum rule which applies to the
area under a closely related quantity, almost equal to the OSR in the low
energy region. We focus on the readjustment caused by, for example, a
quasiparticle density of states change due to the superconducting transition.
Unfortunately, no general statement about mechanism can be made solely on the
energy scale in which the spectral weight readjustment on the OSR occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168640 </DOCNO>
Nonstationary Casimir Effect and analytical solutions for quantum fields


  This is a review of publications on classical and quantum electrodynamics in
cavities with moving boundaries (in the quantum case this subject is labeled
frequently as "nonstationary Casimir effect" or "dynamical Casimir effect"),
from 1921 to October of 2000, with an emphasis on analytical results related to
cavities with resonantly oscillating boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76352 </DOCNO>
Higgs-Boson Pole Masses in the MSSM with Explicit CP Violation


  Extending previous results obtained in the effective-potential approach, we
derive analytic expressions for the pole masses of the charged and neutral
Higgs bosons in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with explicit
CP violation. In such a minimal supersymmetric model, the CP invariance of the
Higgs potential is explicitly broken by quantum effects dominated by
third-generation squarks at the one-loop level and by one-loop gluino- and
higgsino-mediated threshold corrections to the top- and bottom-quark Yukawa
couplings at the two-loop level. Field-theoretic issues arising in the
description of a two-level Higgs-boson system strongly mixed due to CP
violation are addressed. Numerical results for the pole masses of the
CP-violating Higgs bosons are presented, and comparisons are made with previous
results obtained in the effective-potential approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127752 </DOCNO>
Scale Dependent Spectral Index in Slow Roll Inflation


  Recent observations suggest that the spectral index of the primordial
perturbations is very close to unity, as expected in models of slow roll
inflation. It is still possible for such models to produce spectra which are
scale dependent. We present a formula for the spectrum produced by an arbitrary
inflaton potential (within the context of slow roll models); this formula
explicitly illustrates and accounts for the possiblity of scale dependence. A
class of examples are studied and comparisons made with the standard slow roll
formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77100 </DOCNO>
Physics at Multi-TeV Linear Colliders


  The physics at an e+e- linear collider with a center of mass energy of 3-5
TeV is reviewed. The following topics are covered: experimental environment,
Higgs physics, supersymmetry, fermion pair-production, WW scattering, extra
dimensions, non-commutative theories, and black hole production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95671 </DOCNO>
On the Collapse of Tubes Carried by 3D Incompressible Flows


  We povide a test for numerical simulations for the collapse of regular tubes
carried by a 3D incompressible flow. In particular, we obtain necessary
conditions for 3D Euler to have a vortex tube collapse in finite time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113968 </DOCNO>
Two-loop self-energy correction in H-like ions


  A part of the two-loop self-energy correction, the so-called P term, is
evaluated numerically for the 1s state to all orders in Z\alpha. Our
calculation, combined with the previous investigation [S. Mallampalli and J.
Sapirstein, Phys. Rev. A 57, 1548 (1998)], yields the total answer for the
two-loop self-energy correction in H-like uranium and bismuth. As a result, the
major uncertainty is eliminated from the theoretical prediction for the Lamb
shift in these systems. The total value of the ground-state Lamb shift in
H-like uranium is found to be 463.93(50) eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97271 </DOCNO>
A Weil-Barsotti formula for Drinfeld modules


  We study the group of extensions in the category of Drinfeld modules and
Anderson's t-modules, and we show in certain cases that this group can itself
be given the structure of a t-module. Our main result is a Drinfeld module
analogue of the Weil-Barsotti formula for abelian varieties. Extensions of
general t-modules are also considered, in particular extensions of tensor
powers of the Carlitz module. We motivate these results from various directions
and compare to the situation of elliptic curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97781 </DOCNO>
D-branes, Matrix Theory and K-homology


  In this paper, we study a new matrix theory based on non-BPS D-instantons in
type IIA string theory and D-instanton - anti D-instanton system in type IIB
string theory, which we call K-matrix theory. The theory correctly incorporates
the creation and annihilation processes of D-branes. The configurations of the
theory are identified with spectral triples, which are the noncommutative
generalization of Riemannian geometry a la Connes, and they represent the
geometry on the world-volume of higher dimensional D-branes. Remarkably, the
configurations of D-branes in the K-matrix theory are naturally classified by a
K-theoretical version of homology group, called K-homology. Furthermore, we
argue that the K-homology correctly classifies the D-brane configurations from
a geometrical point of view. We also construct the boundary states
corresponding to the configurations of the K-matrix theory, and explicitly show
that they represent the higher dimensional D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124612 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Spectrum of the Vela Pulsar Resolved with Chandra


  We report the results of the spectral analysis of two observations of the
Vela pulsar with the Chandra X-ray observatory. The spectrum of the pulsar does
not show statistically significant spectral lines in the observed 0.25-8.0 keV
band. Similar to middle-aged pulsars with detected thermal emission, the
spectrum consists of two distinct components. The softer component can be
modeled as a magnetic hydrogen atmosphere spectrum - for the pulsar magnetic
field $B=3\times 10^{12}$ G and neutron star mass $M=1.4 M_\odot$ and radius
$R^\infty =13$ km, we obtain $\tef^\infty =0.68\pm 0.03$ MK, $L_{\rm
bol}^\infty = (2.6\pm 0.2)\times 10^{32}$ erg s$^{-1}$, $d=210\pm 20$ pc (the
effective temperature, bolometric luminosity, and radius are as measured by a
distant observer). The effective temperature is lower than that predicted by
standard neutron star cooling models. A standard blackbody fit gives $T^\infty
=1.49\pm 0.04$ MK, $L_{\rm bol}^\infty=(1.5\pm 0.4)\times
10^{32} d_{250}^2$ erg s$^{-1}$ ($d_{250}$ is the distance in units of 250 pc);
the blackbody temperature corresponds to a radius, $R^\infty =(2.1\pm
0.2) d_{250}$ km, much smaller than realistic neutron star radii. The harder
component can be modeled as a power-law spectrum, with parameters depending on
the model adopted for the soft component - $\gamma=1.5\pm 0.3$, $L_x=(1.5\pm
0.4)\times 10^{31} d_{250}^2$ erg s$^{-1}$ and $\gamma=2.7\pm 0.4$,
$L_x=(4.2\pm 0.6)\times 10^{31} d_{250}^2$ erg s$^{-1}$ for the hydrogen
atmosphere and blackbody soft component, respectively ($\gamma$ is the photon
index, $L_x$ is the luminosity in the 0.2--8 keV band). The extrapolation of
the power-law component of the former fit towards lower energies matches the
optical flux at $\gamma\simeq 1.35$--1.45.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149715 </DOCNO>
Les Houches Lectures on De Sitter Space


  These lectures present an elementary discussion of some background material
relevant to the problem of de Sitter quantum gravity. The first two lectures
discuss the classical geometry of de Sitter space and properties of quantum
field theory on de Sitter space, especially the temperature and entropy of de
Sitter space. The final lecture contains a pedagogical discussion of the
appearance of the conformal group as an asymptotic symmetry group, which is
central to the dS/CFT correspondence. A (previously lacking) derivation of
asymptotically de Sitter boundary conditions is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125408 </DOCNO>
A few things we do not know about stars and model atmospheres


  We list a few things that we do not understand about stars and that most
people ignore. These are all hard problems. We can learn more cosmology by
working on them to reduce the systematic errors they introduce than by trying
to derive cosmological results that are highly uncertain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1079 </DOCNO>
Electron-Phonon Interactions Cause HTSC


  What is the microscopic interaction responsible for high temperature
superconductivity (HTSC)? Here data on temporal relaxation of Tc and the room
temperature conductivity in YBa2Cu3O(6+x) after abrupt alteration by light
pulses or pressure changes are analyzed. The analysis proves, independently of
microscopic details, that only electron-phonon interactions can cause HTSC in
the cuprates; all other interactions are excluded by experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95478 </DOCNO>
On a quaternionic generalisation of the Riccati differential equation


  A quaternionic partial differential equation is shown to be a generalisation
of the Riccati ordinary differential equation and its relationship with the
Schrodinger equation is established. Various approaches to the problem of
finding particular solutions are explored, and the generalisations of two
theorems of Euler on the Riccati differential equation, which correspond to the
quaternionic equation, are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 671 </DOCNO>
Viscoelasticity near the gel-point: a molecular dynamics study


  We report on extensive molecular dynamics simulations on systems of soft
spheres of functionality f, i.e. particles that are capable of bonding
irreversibly with a maximum of f other particles. These bonds are randomly
distributed throughout the system and imposed with probability p. At a critical
concentration of bonds, p_c approximately equal to 0.2488 for f=6, a gel is
formed and the shear viscosity \eta diverges according to \eta ~ (p_c-p)^{-s}.
We find s is approximately 0.7 in agreement with some experiments and with a
recent theoretical prediction based on Rouse dynamics of phantom chains. The
diffusion constant decreases as the gel point is approached but does not
display a well-defined power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2783 </DOCNO>
Density Correlations in the Two-Dimensional Coulomb Gas


  We consider a two-dimensional Coulomb gas of positive and negative pointlike
unit charges interacting via a logarithmic potential. The density (rather than
the charge) correlation functions are studied. In the bulk, the form-factor
theory of an equivalent sine-Gordon model is used to determine the density
correlation length. At the surface of a rectilinear plain wall, the
universality of the asymptotic behavior of the density correlations is
suggested. A scaling analysis implies a local form of the compressibility sum
rule near a hard wall. A symmetry of the Coulomb system with respect to the
M\"obius conformal transformation, which induces a gravitational source acting
on the particle density, is established. Among the consequences, a universal
term of the finite-size expansion of the grand potential is derived exactly for
a disk geometry of the confining domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168419 </DOCNO>
Interaction of 3-level atom with radiation


  The interaction of 3-level system with a quantum field in a non-equilibrium
state is considered. We describe a class of states of the quantum field for
wich a stationary state drives the system to inverse populated state. We find
that the quotient of the population of the energy levels in the simplest case
is described by the double Einstein formula which involves products of two
Einstein emission/absorption relations. Emission and absorption of radiation by
3-level atom in non-equlibrium stationary state is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168387 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of Coherent States and Black Hole Entropy


  Entropy and temperature of a system in a coherent state are naturally defined
on a base of a density matrix of the system. As an example, entropy and
temperature are evaluated for coherent states of a harmonic oscillator and
quantum field described by the Klein--Gordon--Fock equation with a source term.
It is shown, in particular, that the temperature of the coherent oscillator in
a ground state coincides with the effective temperature of a harmonic
oscillator being in contact with a heat bath (Bloch formula) when the bath
temperature tends to zero. The Bekenstein--Hawking entropy of a black hole can
also be interpreted as an entropy of coherent states of a physical vacuum in
the vicinity of a horizon surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81124 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative improvement of lattice QCD at large momenta


  We propose a method to improve lattice operators composed of Wilson fermions
which allows the removal of all corrections of $O(a)$, including those
proportional to the quark mass. It requires off-shell improvement of quark
fields and composite operators, which is achieved by studying the behaviour of
quark and gluon correlation functions at large momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41238 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric proton and neutron spectra at energies above 1 GeV


  We discuss an effective numerical method for solving the transport equations
for cosmic ray nucleons in the atmosphere. It is demonstrated that the nucleon
attenuation lengths are strongly energy and depth dependent due to the
non-power-law behavior of the primary spectrum, growth of the total inelastic
cross sections with energy, and scaling violation in the nucleon-nucleus
interactions. The numerical results are compared with the available
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1388 </DOCNO>
The Hamiltonian of the V$_{15}$ Spin System from first-principles


  We report first-principles all-electron density-functional based studies of
the electronic structure, magnetic ordering and anisotropy for the V$_{15}$
molecular magnet. From these calculations, we determine a Heisenberg
Hamiltonian with four antiferromagnetic and one {\em ferromagnetic} coupling.
We perform direct diagonalization to determine the temperature dependence of
the susceptibility. This Hamiltonian reproduces the experimentally observed
spin $S$=1/2 ground state and low-lying $S$=3/2 excited state. A small
anisotropy term is necessary to account for the temperature independent part of
the magnetization curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148239 </DOCNO>
Pedagogical Reflections on Color Confinement in Chromostatics


  Abelian and nonabelian gauge invariant states are directly compared to
revisit how the unconfined abelian theory is expressed. It is argued that the
Yang-Mills equations have no obvious physical content apart from their relation
to underlying physical states. The main observation is that the physical states
of electrostatics can be regarded as point charges connected by a uniform
superposition of all possible Faraday lines. These states are gauge invariant
only in the abelian case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4807 </DOCNO>
Surface barrier and bulk pinning in MgB$_2$ superconductor


  We present a modified method of preparation of the new superconductor
MgB$_2$. The polycrystalline samples were characterized using x-ray and
magnetic measurements. The surface barriers control the isothermal
magnetization loops in powder samples. In bulk as prepared samples we always
observed symmetric magnetization loops indicative of the presence of a bulk
pinning mechanism. Magnetic relaxation measurements in the bulk sample reveal a
crossover of surface barrier to bulk pinning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96509 </DOCNO>
A tall space with small bottom


  We introduce a general method of constructing locally compact scattered
spaces from certain families of sets and then, with the help of this method, we
prove that if kappa^{<kappa}=kappa then there is such a space of height kappa^+
with only kappa many isolated points. This implies that there is a locally
compact scattered space of height omega_2 with omega_1 isolated points in ZFC,
solving an old problem of the first author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72353 </DOCNO>
Large Lepton Mixings Induced by Sterile Neutrino


  We assume that the mass matrix of active neutrinos has hierarchical form with
small mixings, similar to quark mass matrix. We show that the large mixings
between $\nu_\mu$ and $\nu_\tau$ as well as between $\nu_e$ and certain
combination of $\nu_\mu$ and $\nu_\tau$ required by the present data can appear
due to the presence of a sterile neutrino state. Two realizations of this
possibility are considered: (i) Large flavor mixing appears as a result of
sterile neutrino ``decoupling'' ($m_{ss} \gg m_a$), so that the active-sterile
mixings are negligible. (ii) Sterile neutrino has a mass of O(1) eV and its
mixing with active neutrinos can be observable. In the second case, the (3+1)
scheme of neutrino mass, which also accommodates the LSND result, can be
reproduced, provided the hierarchy of the mass matrix of active neutrinos is
not strong (the ratio of largest to smallest elements is about two orders of
magnitude). The enhancement of lepton mixing via coupling with sterile neutrino
can be realized in Grand Unified theories with the see-saw mechanism of
neutrino mass generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73916 </DOCNO>
Rephasing-invariant CP violating parameters with Majorana neutrinos


  We analyze the dependence of the squared amplitudes on the
rephasing-invariant CP-violating parameters of the lepton sector, involving
Majorana neutrinos, for various lepton-conserving and lepton-violating
processes. We analyze the conditions under which the CP-violating effects in
such processes vanish, in terms of the minimal set of rephasing invariants,
giving special attention to the dependence on the extra CP-violating parameters
that are due to the Majorana nature of the neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126903 </DOCNO>
Potential formation sites of super star clusters in ultra-luminous


  Recent observational results on high spatial resolution images of
ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIGs) have revealed very luminous, young,
compact, and heavily obscured super star clusters in their central regions,
suggested to be formed by gas-rich major mergers. By using stellar and gaseous
numerical simulations of galaxy mergers, we firstly demonstrate that the
central regions of ULIGs are the most promising formation sites of super star
clusters owing to the rather high gaseous pressure of the interstellar medium.
Based on simple analytical arguments, we secondly discuss the possibility that
super star clusters in an ULIG can be efficiently transferred into the nuclear
region owing to dynamical friction and consequently merge with one another to
form a single compact stellar nucleus with a seed massive black hole. We thus
suggest that multiple merging between super star clusters formed by nuclear
starbursts in the central regions of ULIGs can result in the formation of
massive black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3816 </DOCNO>
Retrieval behavior and thermodynamic properties of symmetrically diluted


  The retrieval behavior and thermodynamic properties of symmetrically diluted
Q-Ising neural networks are derived and studied in replica-symmetric mean-field
theory generalizing earlier works on either the fully connected or the
symmetrical extremely diluted network. Capacity-gain parameter phase diagrams
are obtained for the Q=3, Q=4 and $Q=\infty$ state networks with uniformly
distributed patterns of low activity in order to search for the effects of a
gradual dilution of the synapses. It is shown that enlarged regions of
continuous changeover into a region of optimal performance are obtained for
finite stochastic noise and small but finite connectivity. The de
Almeida-Thouless lines of stability are obtained for arbitrary connectivity,
and the resulting phase diagrams are used to draw conclusions on the behavior
of symmetrically diluted networks with other pattern distributions of either
high or low activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2360 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear random resistor diode networks and fractal dimensions of


  We study nonlinear random resistor diode networks at the transition from the
non percolating to the directed percolating phase. The resistor-like bonds and
the diode-like bonds under forward bias voltage obey a generalized Ohm's law,
$V \sim I^r$. Based on general grounds as symmetries and relevance we develop a
field theoretic model. We focus on the average two-port resistance, which is
governed at the transition by the resistance exponent $\phi_r$. By employing
renormalization group methods we calculate $\phi_r$ for arbitrary $r$ to
one-loop order. Then we address the fractal dimensions characterizing directed
percolation clusters. Via considering distinct values of the nonlinearity $r$,
we determine the dimension of the red bonds, the chemical path and the backbone
to two-loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2972 </DOCNO>
First order phase transitions driven by in-plane magnetic field in


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2597 </DOCNO>
Inelastic Scattering Time for Conductance Fluctuations


  We revisit the problem of inelastic times governing the temperature behavior
of the weak localization correction and mesoscopic fluctuations in one- and
two-dimensional systems. It is shown that, for dephasing by the electron
electron interaction, not only are those times identical but the scaling
functions are also the same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168454 </DOCNO>
Spin-orbit pendulum in Dirac oscillator


  The dynamics of wavepackets in a relativistic Dirac oscillator (DO) is
considered. A comparison to nonrelativistic spin-orbit pendulum effect is
discussed. Particular relativistic effects, like Zitterbewegung in spin motion,
are found in Dirac representation. This trembling motion disappears in
Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. A substantial difference between the dynamics
of wavepackets corresponding to circular and linear orbits of a particle is
obtained and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73000 </DOCNO>
The Renormalization Group Equation for the Color Glass Condensate


  We present an explicit and simple form of the renormalization group equation
which governs the quantum evolution of the effective theory for the Color Glass
Condensate (CGC). This is a functional Fokker-Planck equation for the
probability density of the color field which describes the CGC in the covariant
gauge. It is equivalent to the Euclidean time evolution equation for a second
quantized current-current Hamiltonian in two spatial dimensions. The quantum
corrections are included in the leading log approximation, but the equation is
fully non-linear with respect to the generally strong background field. In the
weak field limit, it reduces to the BFKL equation, while in the general
non-linear case it generates the evolution equations for Wilson-line operators
previously derived by Balitsky and Kovchegov within perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6461 </DOCNO>
Bi-layer splitting in overdoped high $T_{c}$ cuprates


  Recent ARPES data for overdoped Bi2212 are explained in terms of a theory in
which a Fermi surface Kondo peak develops out of a quasi-particle band. The
superconductive peaks develop from the Kondo resonance. The bi-layer splitting
is large enough to produce a bonding hole and an electron anti-bonding
quasi-particle Fermi surface. Smaller bilayer splittings observed in some
experiments reflect the interaction of the Kondo resonances with quasi-particle
states near, but not at, the Fermi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98793 </DOCNO>
Quantum integrable systems and special functions


  The wave functions of quantum Calogero-Sutherland systems for trigonometric
case are related to polynomials in l variables (l is a rank of root system) and
they are the generalization of Gegenbauer polynomials and Jack polynomials.
Using the technique of \kappa-deformation of Clebsch-Gordan series developed in
previous authors papers we investigate some new properties of generalized
Gegenbauer polynomials.Note that similar results are also valid in A_2 case for
more general two-parameter deformation ((q,t)-deformation) introduced by
Macdonald.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 540 </DOCNO>
Time-Reversal-Symmetry Violation and Coexistence of Superconducting and


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. We performed additional
zero-field muon spin relaxation measurements in the superconducting state of
CeIrIn$_5$ and found that the spontaneous fields reported previously below
$T_c$ are not present. Thus, there is no evidence for a
time-reversal-symmetry-violating superconducting order parameter. These new
zero-field measurements, as well as new measurements of the penetration depth
in this system, will be reported elsewhere. Our zero-field measurements in
CeIr$_{0.5}$Rh$_{0.5}$In$_5$, reporting coexistence of superconductivity and
magnetic order, are still valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7292 </DOCNO>
CO on Pt(111) puzzle; A possible solution


  CO adsorption on the Pt(111) surface is studied using first-principles
methods. As found in a recent study [Feibelman, et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 105,
4018 (2001)], we find the preferred adsorption site within density functional
theory to be the hollow site, whereas experimentally it is found that the top
site is preferred. The influence of pseudopotential and exchange-correlation
functional error on the CO binding energy and site preference was carefully
investigated. We also compare the site preference energy of CO on Pt(111) with
the reaction energy of formaldehyde formation from H$_2$ and CO. We show that
the discrepancies between the experimental and theoretical results are due to
the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) treating different bond orders
with varying accuracy. As a result, GGA results will contain significant error
whenever bonds of different bond order are broken and formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114413 </DOCNO>
Mind-Body Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics


  The wave-particle duality is a mind-body one. In the real 3D-space there
exists only the particle, the wave exists in its consciousness. If there are
many particles, their distribution in accordance with the wave function
represents a real wave in real space. Many worlds, Schroedinger cat, etc.,
exist only as mental constructions. The "waves of matter" are non-material.
Feynman et al. taught quantum world "is like neither". Alas, they forgot living
matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86094 </DOCNO>
Precursors, black holes, and a locality bound


  We revisit the problem of precursors in the AdS/CFT correspondence.
Identification of the precursors is expected to improve our understanding of
the tension between holography and bulk locality and of the resolution of the
black hole information paradox. Previous arguments that the precursors are
large, undecorated Wilson loops are found to be flawed. We argue that the role
of precursors should become evident when one saturates a certain locality
bound. The spacetime uncertainty principle is a direct consequence of this
bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76514 </DOCNO>
The gluon plasma at RHIC


  Differential elliptic flow and particle spectra are calculated from covariant
Boltzmann transport theory taking into account the finite transport opacity of
the gluon plasma produced in Au+Au at $E_{cm}\sim 130$ $A$ GeV at RHIC. The
solutions are shown to depend mainly on the transport opacity, $\chi=\int dz
\sigma_t\rho_g$. The elliptic flow saturation pattern reported by STAR
indicates that $\chi_{b=0} \sim 25$, i.e., the gluon plasma is $\sim 80$ times
more opaque than the pQCD estimate based on HIJING. Such large opacities are
also consistent with the measured charged hadron spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4116 </DOCNO>
Transverse voltage in high-Tc superconductors in zero magnetic fields


  Longitudinal and transverse voltages have been measured in zero external
magnetic fields. In close vicinity of the superconducting transition nonzero
transverse voltage has been observed while far away from Tc, both above and
below no such voltage has been detected. The value of the transverse
resistivity depends on the value of the transport current. Several models have
been discussed taking into account also the penetration of self field due to
the applied transport current. It seems that observed results can be explained
using the Kosterlitz-Thouless model as a result of an unpairing of
vortex-antivortex pairs created below Tkt due to fluctuations. At Tkt free
vortices and antivortices are created and can contribute to a dissipation of
energy. Their movement should also be responsible for the observed nonzero
transverse voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125770 </DOCNO>
Upper limits on O VI Emission From Voyager


  We have examined 426 {\it Voyager} fields distributed across the sky for
\ion{O}{6} ($\lambda \lambda$ 1032/1038 \AA) emission from the Galactic diffuse
interstellar medium. No such emission was detected in any of our observed
fields. Our most constraining limit was a 90% confidence upper limit of 2600
\phunit on the doublet emission in the direction (l, b) = (117\fdegree3,
50\fdegree6). Combining this with an absorption line measurement in nearly the
same direction allows us to place an upper limit of 0.01 cm$^{-3}$ on the
electron density of the hot gas in this direction. We have placed 90%
confidence upper limits of less than or equal to 10,000 \phunit on the
\ion{O}{6} emission in 16 of our 426 observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85904 </DOCNO>
Solutions of Conformal Gravity with Dynamical Mass Generation in the


  The field equations of Mannheim's theory of conformal gravity with dynamic
mass generation are solved numerically in the interior and exterior regions of
a model spherically symmetric sun with matched boundary conditions at the
surface. The model consists of a generic fermion field inside the sun, and a
scalar Higgs field in both the interior and exterior regions. From the
conformal geodesic equations it is shown how an asymptotic gradient in the
Higgs field causes an anomalous radial acceleration in qualitative agreement
with that observed on the Pioneer 10/11, Galileo, and Ulysses spacecraft. At
the same time the standard solar system tests of general relativity are
preserved within the limits of observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75265 </DOCNO>
Beyond "naive" factorization in exclusive radiative B-meson decays


  We apply the QCD factorization approach to exclusive, radiative B meson
decays in the region of small invariant photon mass. We calculate factorizable
and non-factorizable corrections to leading order in the heavy quark mass
expansion and next-to-leading order in the strong coupling constant.
Phenomenological consequences for the B -> K* gamma decay rate and the B -> K*
ell+ ell- forward-backward asymmetry are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87210 </DOCNO>
Primordial Black Holes in an Accelerating Universe


  General expressions are given for the generation of Primordial Black Holes
(PBH) in a universe with a presently accelerated expansion due to a(n
effective) cosmological constant. We give expressions both for a powerlaw
scalefree primordial spectrum and for spectra which are not of that type.
Specializing to the case of a pure cosmological constant $\Lambda$ and assuming
flatness, we show that a comological constant with $\Omega_{\Lambda,0}=0.7$
will decrease the mass variance at the PBH formation time by about 15% compared
with a critical density universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77027 </DOCNO>
Effects of matter density variations on dominant oscillations in long


  Variations around the average density and composition of the Earth mantle may
affect long-baseline (anti)neutrino oscillations through matter effects. For
baselines not exceeding a few thousand km, such effects are known to be very
small, and can be practically regarded as fractional contributions to the
theoretical uncertainties. We perturbatively derive compact expressions to
evaluate such contributions in phenomenologically interesting scenarios with
three or four neutrinos and a dominant mass scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86503 </DOCNO>
Influence of the cosmological expansion on small systems


  The effect of the large-scale cosmological expansion on small systems is
studied in the light of modern cosmological models of large-scale structure. We
identify certain assumptions of earlier works which render them unrealistic
regarding these cosmological models. The question is reanalyzed by dropping
these assumptions to conclude that a given small system can experience either
an expansion or a contraction of cosmological origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128353 </DOCNO>
Astrometry with Hubble Space Telescope: A Parallax of the Fundamental


  We present an absolute parallax and relative proper motion for the
fundamental distance scale calibrator, RR Lyr. We obtain these with astrometric
data from FGS 3, a white-light interferometer on HST. We find $\pi_{abs} = 3.82
\pm 0.2$ mas. Spectral classifications and VRIJHKT$_2$M and DDO51 photometry of
the astrometric reference frame surrounding RR Lyr indicate that field
extinction is low along this line of sight. We estimate <A_V>=0.07\pm0.03 for
these reference stars. The extinction suffered by RR Lyr becomes one of the
dominant contributors to the uncertainty in its absolute magnitude. Adopting
the average field absorption, <A_V>=0.07 \pm 0.03, we obtain M_V^{RR} = 0.61
^{-0.11}_{+0.10}. This provides a distance modulus for the LMC, m-M = 18.38 -
18.53^{-0.11}_{+0.10} with the average extinction-corrected magnitude of RR Lyr
variables in the LMC, <V(RR)>, remaining a significant uncertainty. We compare
this result to more than 80 other determinations of the distance modulus of the
LMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124901 </DOCNO>
Light Curves of Jetted Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows in Circumstellar


  The afterglow emission from a spreading jet expanding in a circumstellar
cloud is discussed. Prompt X-ray radiation and a strong UV flash from the
reverse shock produced by the interaction of the jet with the cloud may destroy
and clear the dust out to about 30 pc within the initial solid angle of the
jet. As the sideways expansion of the jet becomes significant, most of the
optical radiation from the high-latitude part of the jet may be absorbed by the
dust outside the initial solid angle of the jet, but only the radiation from
the part within the initial solid angle can be observed. We analytically show
that the flux of the observational radiation decays as $\propto t^{-(p+1)}$
(where $p$ is the power-law index of the electron distribution) in the
relativistic phase. This preliminary result motivates us to perform numerical
calculations. Our results show that one break in the optical afterglow ligh
curve extends over a factor of $\sim 3$ in time rather than one decade in time
in the previous jet model. These results may provide a way to judge whether
GRBs locate in dense clouds or not. Finally, we carry out a detailed modelling
for the R-band afterglow of GRB 000926.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4963 </DOCNO>
Critical thermodynamics of three-dimensional MN-component field model


  The critical thermodynamics of an $MN$-component field model with cubic
anisotropy relevant to the phase transitions in certain crystals with
complicated ordering is studied within the four-loop $\ve$ expansion using the
minimal subtraction scheme. Investigation of the global structure of RG flows
for the physically significant cases M=2, N=2 and M=2, N=3 shows that the model
has an anisotropic stable fixed point with new critical exponents. The critical
dimensionality of the order parameter is proved to be equal to
$N_c^C=1.445(20)$, that is exactly half its counterpart in the real hypercubic
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168651 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic Cooling and Scalable NMR Quantum Computers


  We present here algorithmic cooling (via polarization-heat-bath)- a powerful
method for obtaining a large number of highly polarized spins in liquid
nuclear-spin systems at finite temperature. Given that spin-half states
represent (quantum) bits, algorithmic cooling cleans dirty bits beyond the
Shannon's bound on data compression, by employing a set of rapidly
thermal-relaxing bits. Such auxiliary bits could be implemented using spins
that rapidly get into thermal equilibrium with the environment, e.g., electron
spins.
  Cooling spins to a very low temperature without cooling the environment could
lead to a breakthrough in nuclear magnetic resonance experiments, and our
``spin-refrigerating'' method suggests that this is possible.
  The scaling of NMR ensemble computers is probably the main obstacle to
building useful quantum computing devices, and our spin-refrigerating method
suggests that this problem can be resolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124776 </DOCNO>
The Optical/Infrared Astronomical Quality of High Atacama Sites. I.


  The region surrounding the Llano de Chajnantor, a high altitude plateau in
the Atacama Desert in northern Chile, has caught the attention of the
astronomical community for its potential as an observatory site. Combining high
elevation and extremely low atmospheric water content, the Llano has been
chosen as the future site of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. We have
initiated a campaign to investigate the astronomical potential of the region in
the optical/infrared. Here, we report on an aspect of our campaign aimed at
establishing a seeing benchmark to be used as a reference for future activities
in the region. After a brief description of the region and its climate, we
describe the results of an astronomical seeing campaign, carried out with a
Differential Image Motion Monitor that operates at 0.5 micron wavelength. The
seeing at the Llano level of 5000 m, measured over 7 nights in May 1998,
yielded a median FWHM of 1.1". However, the seeing decreased to 0.7" at a
modest 100 m gain above the plateau (Cerro Chico), as measured over 38 nights
spread between July 1998 and October 2000. Neither of these represents the best
seeing expected in the region; the set of measurements provides a reference
base for simultaneous dual runs at Cerro Chico and at other sites of interest
in the region, currently underway. A comparison between simultaneous
measurements at Cerro Chico and Cerro Paranal indicates that seeing at Cerro
Chico is about 12% better than at Paranal. The percentage of optically
photometric nights in the Chajnantor region is about 60%, while that of nights
useful for astronomical work is near 80%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6499 </DOCNO>
Surface charge of a flat superconducting slab in the Meissner state


  The electrostatic potential in the flat superconducting slab is evaluated in
the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau theory extended by Bardeen to low
temperatures. For magnetic fields below B_c1, we discuss the formation of a
surface charge induced by the Bernoulli potential of the suppercurrents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2429 </DOCNO>
The State(s) of Replica Symmetry Breaking: Mean Field Theories vs.


  We prove the impossibility of recent attempts to decouple the Replica
Symmetry Breaking (RSB) picture for finite-dimensional spin glasses from the
existence of many thermodynamic (i.e., infinite-volume) pure states while
preserving another signature RSB feature --- space filling relative domain
walls between different finite-volume states. Thus revisions of the notion of
pure states cannot shield the RSB picture from the internal contradictions that
rule out its physical correctness in finite dimensions at low temperature in
large finite volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124420 </DOCNO>
Extended radio emission after the soft X-ray maximum of the NOAA 9077 AR


  An extended radio emission after a soft X-ray (SXR) maximum was detected in
the active region NOAA 9077 by several observatories for the solar flare after
21:42 UT on July 10, 2000. Also some radio fine structures before the enduring
radio emission were observed with the 1.0-2.0 GHz spectrometer of Beijing
Astronomical Observatory (BAO) in the same time. We apply a shear-driven
quadrupolar reconnection model (SQR) to analyze the fine structures and the
related radio emission. We find that the footpoint shear motion of the flux
loop is accompanied with the emerging up of the loop during the reconnection
process. We tentatively interpret the extended radio emission as the nonthermal
radiation caused by a new reconnection process between emerging flux loop and
pre-existing overarching loop after the soft X-ray maximum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81315 </DOCNO>
Charmonium spectrum from quenched QCD on anisotropic lattices


  We present our final results of the charmonium spectrum in quenched QCD on
anisotropic lattices. Simulations are made with the plaquette gauge action and
a tadpole improved clover quark action employing $\xi = a_s/a_t = 3$. We
calculate the spectrum of S- and P-states and their excitation, and study the
scaling behavior of mass splittings. Comparison is made with the experiment and
previous lattice results. The issue of hyperfine splitting for different
choices of the clover coefficients obtained by Klassen is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124906 </DOCNO>
Iron line emission in X-ray afterglows


  Recent observations of X-ray afterglows reveal the presence of a redshifted
Kalpha iron line in emission in four bursts. In GRB 991216, the line was
detected by the low energy grating of Chandra, which showed the line to be
broad, with a full width of ~15,000 km/s. These observations indicate the
presence of a >1 solar mass of iron rich material in the close vicinity of the
burst, most likely a supernova remnant. The fact that such strong lines are
observed less than a day after the trigger strongly limits the size of the
remnant, which must be very compact. If the remnant had the observed velocity
since the supernova explosion, its age would be less than a month. In this case
nickel and cobalt have not yet decayed into iron. We show how to solve this
paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4540 </DOCNO>
Zero bias anomaly in the density of states of low-dimensional metals


  We consider the effect of Coulomb interactions on the average density of
states (DOS) of disordered low-dimensional metals for temperatures T and
frequencies omega smaller than the inverse elastic life-time. Using the fact
that long-range Coulomb interactions in two dimensions (2d) generate
ln^2-singularities in the DOS nu (omega) but only ln-singularities in the
conductivity sigma(omega), we can re-sum the most singular contributions to the
average DOS via a simple gauge-transformation. If lim_{omega -> 0} sigma
(omega) > 0, then a metallic Coulomb gap nu(omega) propto |omega|/e^4 appears
in the DOS at T=0 for frequencies below a certain crossover frequency Omega_2
which depends on the value of the DC conductivity sigma(0). Here, -e is the
charge of the electron. Naively adopting the same procedure to calculate the
DOS in quasi 1d metals, we find nu(omega) propto (|omega|/Omega_1)^{1/2}
exp(-Omega_1/|omega|) at T = 0, where Omega_1 is some interaction-dependent
frequency scale. However, we argue that in quasi 1d the above
gauge-transformation method is on less firm grounds than in 2d. We also discuss
the behavior of the DOS at finite temperatures and give numerical results for
the expected tunneling conductance that can be compared with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114053 </DOCNO>
Finite nuclear size correction to the bound-electron g factor in a


  The finite nuclear size correction to the bound-electron g factor in
hydrogenlike atoms is investigated in the range Z=1-20. An analytical formula
for this correction which includes the non-relativistic and dominant
relativistic contributions is derived. In the case of the 1s state, the results
obtained by this formula are compared with previous non-relativistic analytical
and relativistic numerical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3750 </DOCNO>
Pulsed Quantum Tunneling with Matter Waves


  In this report we investigate the macroscopic quantum tunneling of a Bose
condensate falling under gravity and scattering on a Gaussian barrier that
could model a mirror of far-detuned sheet of light. We analyze the effect of
the inter-atomic interaction and that of a transverse confining potential. We
show that the quantum tunneling can be quasi-periodic and in this way one could
generate coherent Bose condensed atomic pulses. In the second part of the
report, we discuss an effective 1D time-dependent non-polynomial nonlinear
Schrodinger equation (NPSE), which describes cigar-shaped condensates. NPSE is
obtained from the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation by using a variational approach.
We find that NPSE gives much more accurate results than all other effective 1D
equations recently proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76948 </DOCNO>
Recent Progress in Neutrino Astrophysics


  Recent progress in neutrino physics has been rapid, to a large extent thanks
to observations of neutrinos produced in astrophysical environments. Here, we
review the current standing on such questions as neutrino masses and mixings,
focusing mainly on the interplay between neutrino physics, astrophysics and
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123825 </DOCNO>
The FORS Deep Field


  Dedicating a major fraction of its guaranteed time, the FORS consortium
established a FORS Deep Field which contains a known QSO at z = 3.36. It was
imaged in UBgRIz with FORS at the VLT as well as in J and Ks with the NTT.
Covering an area 6-8 times larger as the HDFs but with similar depth in the
optical it is one of the largest deep fields up to date to investigate i)
galaxy evolution in the field from present up to z $\sim$ 5, ii) the galaxy
distribution in the line of sight to the QSO, iii) the high-z QSO environment
and iv) the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal in such a large field. In this
presentation a status report of the FORS Deep Field project is given. In
particular, the field selection, the imaging results (number counts,
photometric redshifts etc.) and the first spectroscopic results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179491 </DOCNO>
Neutron electric form factor at large momentum transfer


  Based on the recent, high precision data for elastic electron scattering from
protons and deuterons, at relatively large momentum transfer $Q^2$, we
determine the neutron electric form factor up to $Q^2=3.5$ GeV$^2$. The values
obtained from the data (in the framework of the nonrelativistic impulse
approximation) are larger than commonly assumed and are in good agreement with
the Gari-Kr\"umpelmann parametrization of the nucleon electromagnetic form
factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74411 </DOCNO>
Loop induced $W^{\pm}H^{\mp}$ associated production via photon-photon


  We study the loop induced production of charged Higgs boson associated with
W-boson via photon-photon collisions at linear colliders (LC). The
investigation is carried out under the two-Higgs-doublet model(THDM) and the
minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM) using full on-mass-shell renormalization
scheme. The numerical analysis of their production rates is presented with some
typical parameter sets. The results show that the total cross sections in frame
of the MSSM at linear colliders(LC) can reach 0.1 femto barn quantitatively.
The contributions from supersymmetric sector can lead to an order of magnitude
enhancement of the cross section in some parameter space. We conclude that the
associated $W^{\pm}H^{\mp}$ production rate in photon-photon collision mode is
comparable to that in $e^+e^-$ collision mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2606 </DOCNO>
Optical absorption and energy-loss spectra of aligned carbon nanotubes


  Optical-absorption cross-sections and energy-loss spectra of aligned
multishell carbon nanotubes are investigated, on the basis of photonic
band-structure calculations. A local graphite-like dielectric tensor is
assigned to every point of the tubules, and the effective transverse dielectric
function of the composite is computed by solving Maxwell's equations in media
with tensor-like dielectric functions. A Maxwell-Garnett-like approach
appropriate to the case of infinitely long anisotropic tubules is also
developed. Our full calculations indicate that the experimentally measured
macroscopic dielectric function of carbon nanotube materials is the result of a
strong electromagnetic coupling between the tubes. An analysis of the
electric-field pattern associated with this coupling is presented, showing that
in the close-packed regime the incident radiation excites a very localized
tangential surface plasmon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168157 </DOCNO>
Low-Entanglement Remote State Preparation


  An upper bound on the low-entanglement remote state preparation (RSP) ebits
vs. bits tradeoff curve (Bennett et al.,quant-ph/0006044) is found using
techniques of classical information theory. We prove our coding scheme to be
optimal amongst an important class of protocols, and conjecture the bound to be
tight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2041 </DOCNO>
Ni-Cr textured substrates with reduced ferromagnetism for coated


  A series of biaxially textured Ni(1-x)Cr(x) materials, with compositions x =
0, 7, 9, 11, and 13 at % Cr, have been studied for use as substrate materials
in coated conductor applications with high temperature superconductors. The
magnetic properties were investigated, including the hysteretic loss in a Ni-7
at % Cr sample that was controllably deformed; for comparison, the loss was
also measured in a similarly deformed pure Ni substrate. Complementary X-ray
diffraction studies show that thermo-mechanical processing produces nearly
complete {100}<100> cube texturing, as desired for applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98338 </DOCNO>
Characterisation of lattices induced by (extended) Chip Firing Games


  The Chip Firing Game (CFG) is a discrete dynamical model used in physics,
computer science and economics. It is known that the set of configurations
reachable from an initial configuration (this set is called the configuration
space) can be ordered as a lattice. We first present a structural result about
this model, which allows us to introduce some useful tools for describing those
lattices. Then we establish that the class of lattices that are the
configuration space of a CFG is strictly between the class of distributive
lattices and the class of upper locally distributive (or ULD) lattices. Finally
we propose an extension of the model, the coloured Chip Firing Game, which
generates exactly the class of ULD lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75169 </DOCNO>
Fragmentation functions from semi-inclusive DIS pion production and


  By combining recent HERMES data on semi-inclusive DIS $\pi^\pm$-production
with the singlet fragmentation function $D_\Sigma^{\pi^+}$, which is well
determined from $e^+e^-$ data, we are able to extract, for the first time, the
flavoured fragmentation functions $D_u^{\pi^+}$, $D_d^{\pi^+}$ and
$D_s^{\pi^+}$ without making any assumptions about favoured and unfavoured
transitions. Whereas $D_u^{\pi^+}$ and $D_d^{\pi^+}$ are very well determined,
the accuracy of $D_s^{\pi^+}$ is limited by the uncertainty in evolving
$D_\Sigma^{\pi^+}$ from the $Z^0$ pole down to the SIDIS scale of a few
$(GeV)^2$. We discuss how the precision on $D_s^{\pi^+}$ could be improved.
Knowledge of the $D_{q=u,d,s}^{\pi^+}$ will permit the extraction of the
polarized parton densities from future polarized SIDIS asymmetry measurements.
We study the precision that can be expected in such an extraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2146 </DOCNO>
Influence of confinement on the orientational phase transitions in the


  In this work we incorporate some real-system effects into the theory of
orientational phase transitions under shear flow (M. E. Cates and S. T. Milner,
Phys. Rev. Lett. v.62, p.1856 (1989) and G. H. Fredrickson, J. Rheol. v.38,
p.1045 (1994)). In particular, we study the influence of the shear-cell
boundaries on the orientation of the lamellar phase. We predict that at low
shear rates the parallel orientation appears to be stable. We show that there
is a critical value of the shear rate at which the parallel orientation loses
its stability and the perpendicular one appears immediately below the spinodal.
We associate this transition with a crossover from the fluctuation to the
mean-field behaviour. At lower temperatures the stability of the parallel
orientation is restored. We find that the region of stability of the
perpendicular orientation rapidly decreases as shear rate increases. This
behaviour might be misinterpreted as an additional perpendicular to parallel
transition recently discussed in literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75400 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Radiative Corrections to Neutral-Current Drell-Yan Processes


  We calculate the complete electroweak O(alpha) corrections to pp, pbar p ->
l+l- X (l=e, mu) in the Standard Model of electroweak interactions. They
comprise weak and photonic virtual one-loop corrections as well as real photon
radiation to the parton-level processes q bar q -> gamma,Z -> l+l-. We study in
detail the effect of the radiative corrections on the l+l- invariant mass
distribution, the cross section in the Z boson resonance region, and on the
forward-backward asymmetry, A_FB, at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN Large
Hadron Collider. The weak corrections are found to increase the Z boson cross
section by about 1%, but have little effect on the forward-backward asymmetry
in the Z peak region. Threshold effects of the W box diagrams lead to
pronounced effects in A_FB at m(l+l-) approx 160 GeV which, however, will be
difficult to observe experimentally. At high di-lepton invariant masses, the
non-factorizable weak corrections are found to become large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99100 </DOCNO>
Dimensional reduction and quiver bundles


  The so-called Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence, proved by Donaldson,
Uhlenbeck and Yau, establishes that an indecomposable holomorphic vector bundle
over a compact Kahler manifold admits a Hermitian-Einstein metric if and only
if the bundle satisfies the Mumford-Takemoto stability condition. In this paper
we consider a variant of this correspondence for G-equivariant vector bundles
on the product of a compact Kahler manifold X by a flag manifold G/P, where G
is a complex semisimple Lie group and P is a parabolic subgroup. The
modification that we consider is determined by a filtration of the vector
bundle which is naturally defined by the equivariance of the bundle. The study
of invariant solutions to the modified Hermitian-Einstein equation over XxG/P
leads, via dimensional reduction techniques, to gauge-theoretic equations on X.
These are equations for hermitian metrics on a set of holomorphic bundles on X
linked by morphisms, defining what we call a quiver bundle for a quiver with
relations whose structure is entirely determined by the parabolic subgroup P.
Similarly, the corresponding stability condition for the invariant filtration
over XxG/P gives rise to a stability condition for the quiver bundle on X, and
hence to a Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence. In the simplest case, when the
flag manifold is the complex projective line, one recovers the theory of
vortices, stable triples and stable chains, as studied by Bradlow, the authors,
and others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124702 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic neutrino background from PBHs evaporation


  We calculated the energy spectra and the fluxes of electron neutrinos in
extragalactic space emitted in the process of the evaporation of primordial
black holes (PBHs) in the early universe. It was assumed that PBHs are formed
by a blue power-law spectrum of primordial density fluctuations. In the
calculations of neutrino spectra the spectral index of density fluctuations and
the reheating temperature were used as free parameters. The absorption of
neutrinos during propagation in the space was taken into account. We obtained
the bounds on the spectral index assuming validity of the standard picture of
gravitational collapse and using the available data of several experiments with
atmospheric and solar neutrinos. The comparison of our results with the
previous constraints (which had been obtained using diffuse photon background
data) shows that such bounds are quite sensitive to an assumed form of the
initial PBH mass function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150277 </DOCNO>
Improved variational description of the Wick-Cutkosky model with the


  We generalize the worldline variational approach to field theory by
introducing a trial action which allows for anisotropic terms to be induced by
external 4-momenta of Green's functions. By solving the ensuing variational
equations numerically we demonstrate that within the (quenched) scalar
Wick-Cutkosky model considerable improvement can be achieved over results
obtained previously with isotropic actions. In particular, the critical
coupling associated with the instability of the model is lowered, in accordance
with expectations from Baym's proof of the instability in the unquenched
theory. The physical picture associated with a different quantum mechanical
motion of the dressed particle along and perpendicular to its classical
momentum is discussed. Indeed, we find that for large couplings the dressed
particle is strongly distorted in the direction of its four-momentum. In
addition, we introduce new and efficient methods to evaluate the averages
needed in the variational approach and apply them to the calculation of the
2-point function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125351 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Spectra of Quasar AALs: 3C 191


  We discuss new high-resolution (6.7 km/s) spectra of the associated
absorption lines (AALs) in the radio-loud quasar 3C 191. The measured AALs have
ionizations ranging from Mg I to N V, and multi-component profiles that are
blueshifted by ~400 to ~1400 km/s relative to the quasar's broad emission
lines. Excited-state absorption lines of Si II* and C II* imply volume
densities of ~300 cm^-3 and a nominal distance from the quasar of 28 kpc
(assuming photoionization). The total column density is N_H ~ 2 x 10^20 cm^-2.
Surprisingly, the absorber only partially covers the quasar emission source
along our line of sight. We propose a model for the absorber in which pockets
of dense neutral gas are surrounded by bigger clouds of generally lower density
and higher ionization. This outflowing material might be leftover from a
blowout associated with a nuclear starburst, the onset of quasar activity, or a
past broad absorption line (BAL) wind phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7266 </DOCNO>
Diffusion on random site percolation clusters. Theory and NMR microscopy


  Quasi two-dimensional random site percolation model objects were fabricate
based on computer generated templates. Samples consisting of two compartments,
a reservoir of H$_2$O gel attached to a percolation model object which was
initially filled with D$_2$O, were examined with NMR (nuclear magnetic
resonance) microscopy for rendering proton spin density maps. The propagating
proton/deuteron inter-diffusion profiles were recorded and evaluated with
respect to anomalous diffusion parameters. The deviation of the concentration
profiles from those expected for unobstructed diffusion directly reflects the
anomaly of the propagator for diffusion on a percolation cluster. The fractal
dimension of the random walk, $d_w$, evaluated from the diffusion measurements
on the one hand and the fractal dimension, $d_f$, deduced from the spin density
map of the percolation object on the other permits one to experimentally
compare dynamical and static exponents. Approximate calculations of the
propagator are given on the basis of the fractional diffusion equation.
Furthermore, the ordinary diffusion equation was solved numerically for the
corresponding initial and boundary conditions for comparison. The anomalous
diffusion constant was evaluated and is compared to the Brownian case. Some ad
hoc correction of the propagator is shown to pay tribute to the finiteness of
the system. In this way, anomalous solutions of the fractional diffusion
equation could experimentally be verified for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128445 </DOCNO>
High-Mass Proto-Stellar Candidates - II : Density structure from dust


  We present a detailed 1.2 mm continuum and CS spectral line study of a large
sample of 69 massive star forming regions in very early stages of evolution,
most of them prior to building up an ultracompact HII region. The continuum
data show a zoo of different morphologies and give detailed information on the
spatial distributions, the masses, column densities and average densities of
the whole sample. Fitting the radial intensity profiles shows that three
parameters are needed to describe the spatial distribution of the sources:
constant emission from the center out to a few arcsec radius followed by a
first power law intensity distribution which steepens further outside into a
second power law distribution. The mean inner power law intensity index mi
(I~r^(-mi)) is 1.2 corresponding to density indices p (n~r^(-p)) of 1.6. In
total the density distribution of our massive star formations sites seem to be
not too different from their low-mass counterparts, but we show that setting
tight constrains on the density indices is very difficult and subject to many
possible errors. The local densities we derive from CS calculations are higher
(up to one order of magnitude) than the mean densities we find via the
mm-continuum. Such inhomogeneous density distribution reflects most likely the
ubiquitous phenomenon of clumping and fragmentation in molecular clouds.
Linewidth-mass relations show a departure from virial equilibrium in the stages
of strongly collapsing cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 718 </DOCNO>
Nesting symmetries and diffusion in disordered d-wave superconductors


  The low-energy density of states (DOS) of disordered 2D d-wave
superconductors is extremely sensitive to details of both the disorder model
and the electronic band structure. Using diagrammatic methods and numerical
solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, we show that the physical
origin of this sensitivity is the existence of a novel diffusive mode with
momentum close to $(\pi,\pi)$ which is gapless only in systems with a global
nesting symmetry. We find that in generic situations, the DOS vanishes at the
Fermi level. However, proximity to the highly symmetric case may nevertheless
lead to observable non-monotonic behavior of the DOS in the cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129440 </DOCNO>
Propeller vs. Magnetar Concepts for SGR/AXPs


  Two lines of thought exist as to the nature of Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters
(SGRs) and Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs). On the one hand,we have neutron
stars with super-critical magnetic fields, which spin-down the stars and power
the gamma-ray bursts. On the other hand, are neutron stars with typical pulsar
magnetic fields, which are spun-down by magnetospheric ``propeller'' torques
from fallback or fossil disks in addition to magnetic dipole radiation. Many
observational facts are available for comparing and contrasting these two
concepts. The facts are described and whether or not each is compatible with
these concepts is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3372 </DOCNO>
Electron - Phonon Superconductivity


  In this chapter we review the essentials of conventional electron-phonon
superconductivity, as provided through the Migdal-Eliashberg formalism.
Signatures of the electron-phonon interaction, as they appear in conventional
superconductors, are described in detail. An appendix briefly describes more
recent attempts to understand the electron-phonon interaction for all coupling
strengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75194 </DOCNO>
Extended Electroweak Interactions and the Muon g-2


  We look at a number of simple, but representative, models of extended
electroweak gauge structures, and present the general contributions to a_muon
from the heavy Z' and W' electroweak gauge bosons. Of the models we have
examined, none can explain the observed discrepancy between the current
experimental value of a_muon and the Standard Model prediction if we require
that the gauge fields explain the discrepancy by themselves. In the context of
models with new matter fields as well as the additional gauge fields discussed
here, however, the gauge field contributions to a_muon can be a substantial and
important part of the discrepancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4476 </DOCNO>
Magnetization in quasiperiodic magnetic multilayers with biquadratic


  A theoretical study is made of the magnetization versus applied field curves
of ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic multilayers constructed according to a Fibonacci
quasiperiodic sequence. The ferromagnetic films are assumed to have uniaxial
anisotropy and are coupled by both bilinear and biquadratic effective exchange.
The effects of quasiperiodicity in the magnetic phases are illustrated
numerically for Fe/Cr systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3385 </DOCNO>
Crossover and self-averaging in the two-dimensional site-diluted Ising


  Using the newly proposed probability-changing cluster (PCC) Monte Carlo
algorithm, we simulate the two-dimensional (2D) site-diluted Ising model. Since
we can tune the critical point of each random sample automatically with the PCC
algorithm, we succeed in studying the sample-dependent $T_c(L)$ and the sample
average of physical quantities at each $T_c(L)$ systematically. Using the
finite-size scaling (FSS) analysis for $T_c(L)$, we discuss the importance of
corrections to FSS both in the strong-dilution and weak-dilution regions. The
critical phenomena of the 2D site-diluted Ising model are shown to be
controlled by the pure fixed point. The crossover from the percolation fixed
point to the pure Ising fixed point with the system size is explicitly
demonstrated by the study of the Binder parameter. We also study the
distribution of critical temperature $T_c(L)$. Its variance shows the power-law
$L$ dependence, $L^{-n}$, and the estimate of the exponent $n$ is consistent
with the prediction of Aharony and Harris [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 77}, 3700
(1996)]. Calculating the relative variance of critical magnetization at the
sample-dependent $T_c(L)$, we show that the 2D site-diluted Ising model
exhibits weak self-averaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40782 </DOCNO>
Frequentist analyses of solar neutrino data (updated including the CC,


  The solar neutrino data are analyzed in a frequentist framework, using the
Crow-Gardner and Feldman-Cousins prescriptions for the construction of
confidence regions. Including in the fit only the total rates measured by the
various experiments, both methods give results similar to the commonly used
Delta chi^2-cut approximation. When fitting the full data set, the Delta
chi^2-cut still gives a good approximation of the Feldman-Cousins regions.
However, a careful statistical analysis significantly reduces the
goodness-of-fit of the SMA and LOW solutions.
  In the addenda we discuss the implications of the latest SNO and SK data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168516 </DOCNO>
How many photons are needed to distinguish two transparencies?


  We give a bound on the minimum number of photons that must be absorbed by any
quantum protocol to distinguish between two transparencies. We show how a
quantum Zeno method in which the angle of rotation is varied at each iteration
can attain this bound in certain situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74715 </DOCNO>
Goldstone bosons and solitons on the brane


  In this work we compute the effective action describing the low-energy brane
Goldstone-boson dynamics. The Goldstone bosons or branons appear because the
brane spontaneously breaks the translational invariance along the extra
dimensions. We discuss the Higgs-like mechanism in which the Kaluza-Klein gauge
fields absorb the Goldstone bosons and acquire mass. We also present the
explicit form of the effective action describing the low-energy interactions
between the three-brane Goldstone bosons and the Standard Model fields. In
addition to the branons, two new kinds of states arise corresponding to
Skyrmion-like solutions and wrapped states. We study the main properties of
these states, their geometrical interpretation and the relations between them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95733 </DOCNO>
The Riemannian geometry of orbit spaces. The metric, geodesics, and


  We investigate the rudiments of Riemannian geometry on orbit spaces $M/G$ for
isometric proper actions of Lie groups on Riemannian manifolds. Minimal
geodesic arcs are length minimising curves in the metric space $M/G$ and they
can hit strata which are more singular only at the end points. This is phrased
as convexity result. The geodesic spray, viewed as a (strata-preserving) vector
field on $TM/G$, leads to the notion of geodesics in $M/G$ which are
projections under $M\to M/G$ of geodesics which are normal to the orbits. It
also leads to `ballistic curves' which are projections of the other geodesics.
In examples (Hermitian and symmetric matrices, and more generally polar
representations) we compute their equations by singular symplectic reductions
and obtain generalizations of Calogero-Moser systems with spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149133 </DOCNO>
Fully Off-shell Effective Action and its Supersymmetry in Matrix Theory


  In a previous work, we computed the fully off-shell effective action $\Gamma$
and the corresponding quantum-corrected supersymmetry (SUSY) transformation
operator $\delta_\epsilon$ for the so-called source-probe configuration in
Matrix theory at one loop at order 4 in the derivative expansion, and showed
that they satisfy the SUSY Ward identity $\delta_\epsilon \Gamma=0$. In this
article, starting from the most general form of $\Gamma$, we demonstrate that,
conversely, given such $\delta_\epsilon$ the SUSY Ward identity determines
$\Gamma$ uniquely to the order specified above. Our demonstration does not
require the explicit knowledge of the quantum-corrected supersymmetry
transformation and hence strongly suggests that the uniqueness property would
persist to all orders in perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97984 </DOCNO>
Steenrod operations and Hochshild homology


  Let $X$ be a simply connected space and ${\Bbb F}_p$ be a prime field. The
algebra of normalized singular cochains $N^*(X; {\Bbb F}_p)$ admits a natural
homotopy structure which induces natural Steenrod operations on the Hochschild
homology $HH_* N^*(X;{\Bbb F}_p)$ of the space $X$. The primary purpose of this
paper is to prove that the J. Jones isomorphism $HH_*N^*(X;{\Bbb F}_p) \cong H
^*(X^{S^1};{\Bbb F}_p)$ identifies theses Stenrood operations with those
defined on the cohomology of the free loop space with coefficients in ${\Bbb
F}_p$. The other goal of this paper is to describe a theoritic model which
allows to do some computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2678 </DOCNO>
Non-existence of spin-asymmetry of conductance in two-terminal devices


  This paper is Comment to the Letter "Oscillatory Spin-Filtering due to Gate
Control of Spin-Dependent Interface Conductance", by D. Grundler (PRL 86, 1058
(2001)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168027 </DOCNO>
PT symmetric square well


  In a PT symmetrically complexified square well, bound states are constructed
by the matching technique. Their energies prove real in a domain of weak
non-Hermiticity, and continuous in the Hermitian limit. At a sequence of
certain strong-Hermiticity thresholds, the lowest two energies merge and
disappear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75166 </DOCNO>
The non-equivalence of Weyl and Majorana neutrinos with standard-model


  It is shown that a Majorana neutrino with identical phenomenology as a
standard-model Weyl neutrino obeys a Lagrangian different by a factor sqrt(2)
in the weak-interaction term from one that follows from the standard model.
Assuming that the standard model does hold in good approximation for the weak
interactions of a Majorana neutrino, e.g. a charged-current production cross
section a factor 2 larger than the observed one is predicted. From this it is
concluded that the neutrino is not of Majorana type. This conclusion does not
forbid the possible existence of a Weyl neutrino with a Majorana mass term and
ensuing lepton-number violating phenomena (like e.g. neutrino-less double beta
decay). The paper is not in contradiction with any published literature,
because it analyses the formal proof of equivalence between Weyl and Majorana
neutrino for the first time under the assumption that the standard model is
quantitatively correct for the weak interactions of the neutrino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2179 </DOCNO>
Thermoelectric Behavoir Near Magnetic Quantum Critical Point


  We use the coupled 2d-spin-3d-fermion model proposed by Rosch et. al. (Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 79}, 159 (1997)) to study the thermoelectric behaviour of a
heavy fermion compound when it is close to an antiferromagnetic quantum
critical point. When the low energy spin fluctuations are quasi two
dimensional, as has been observed in ${\rm YbRh}_2{\rm Si}_2$ and $ {\rm
CeCu}_{6-x}{\rm Au}_x $, with a typical 2d ordering wavevector and 3d Fermi
surface, the ``hot'' regions on the Fermi surface have a finite area. Due to
enhanced scattering with the nearly critical spin fluctuations, the electrons
in the hot region are strongly renormalized. We argue that there is an
intermediate energy scale where the qualitative aspects of the renormalized hot
electrons are captured by a weak-coupling perturbative calculation. Our
examination of the electron self energy shows that the entropy carried by the
hot electrons is larger than usual. This accounts for the anomalous logarithmic
temperature dependence of specific heat observed in these materials. We show
that the same mechanism produces logarithmic temperature dependence in
thermopower. This has been observed in $ {\rm CeCu}_{6-x}{\rm Au}_x $. We
expect to see the same behaviour from future experiments on ${\rm YbRh}_2{\rm
Si}_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73749 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric, Solar, and CHOOZ neutrinos: a global three generation


  We perform a global three generation analysis of the current solar and
atmospheric evidence in favor of neutrino oscillations. We also include the
negative results coming from CHOOZ to constrain the nu_e mixing. We study the
zones of mass-mixing oscillations parameters compatible with all the data. It
is shown that almost pure nu_mu <--> nu_tau oscillations are required to
explain the atmospheric neutrino anomaly and almost pure nu_1 <--> nu_2
oscillations to account for the solar neutrino deficit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1576 </DOCNO>
"Soft" Anharmonic Vortex Glass in Ferromagnetic Superconductors


  Ferromagnetic order in superconductors can induce a {\em spontaneous} vortex
(SV) state. For external field ${\bf H}=0$, rotational symmetry guarantees a
vanishing tilt modulus of the SV solid, leading to drastically different
behavior than that of a conventional, external-field-induced vortex solid. We
show that quenched disorder and anharmonic effects lead to elastic moduli that
are wavevector-dependent out to arbitrarily long length scales, and non-Hookean
elasticity. The latter implies that for weak external fields $H$, the magnetic
induction scales {\em universally} like $B(H)\sim B(0)+ c H^{\alpha}$, with
$\alpha\approx 0.72$. For weak disorder, we predict the SV solid is a
topologically ordered vortex glass, in the ``columnar elastic glass''
universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98741 </DOCNO>
The Lie algebra structure on the first Hochschild cohomology group of a


  We study the Lie algebra structure of the first Hochschild cohomology group
of a finite dimensional monomial algebra A, in terms of the combinatorics of
its quiver, in any characteristic. This allows us also to examine the identity
component of the algebraic group of outer automorphisms of A in characteristic
zero. Criteria for the (semi-)simplicity, the solvability, the reductivity, the
commutativity and the nilpotency are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1361 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a mesoscopic qubit under continuous quantum measurement


  We present the conditional quantum dynamics of an electron tunneling between
two quantum dots subject to a measurement using a low transparency point
contact or tunnel junction. The double dot system forms a single qubit and the
measurement corresponds to a continuous in time readout of the occupancy of the
quantum dot. We illustrate the difference between conditional and unconditional
dynamics of the qubit. The conditional dynamics is discussed in two regimes
depending on the rate of tunneling through the point contact: quantum jumps, in
which individual electron tunneling current events can be distinguished, and a
diffusive dynamics in which individual events are ignored, and the
time-averaged current is considered as a continuous diffusive variable. We
include the effect of inefficient measurement and the influence of the relative
phase between the two tunneling amplitudes of the double dot/point contact
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97600 </DOCNO>
On the exceptional zeros of Rankin-Selberg L-functions


  The main objects of study in this article are two classes of Rankin-Selberg
L-unctions, namely L(s, f \times g) and L(s, sym^2(g) \times sym^2(g)), where
f, g are newforms, holomorphic or of Maass type, on the upper half plane, and
sym^2(g) denotes the symmetric square lift of g to GL(3). We prove that in
general, i.e., when these L-functions are not divisible by L-functions of
quadratic characters (such divisibility happening rarely), they do not admit
any Landau-Siegel zeros. These zeros, which are real and close to s=1, are
highly mysterious and are not expected to occur. There are corollaries of our
result, one of them being a strong lower bound for special value at s=1, which
is of interest both geometrically and analytically. One also gets this way a
good bound on the norm of sym^2(g).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86935 </DOCNO>
Cosmological anomalies and exotic smoothness structures


  It seems to be generally accepted that apparently anomalous cosmological
observations, such as accelerating expansion, etc., necessarily are
inconsistent with standard general relativity and standard matter sources.
Following the suggestions of S{\l}adkowski, we point out that in addition to
exotic theories and exotic matter there is another possibility. We refer to
exotic differential structures on ${\mathbb R}^4$ which could be the source of
the observed anomalies without changing the Einstein equations or introducing
strange forms of matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5363 </DOCNO>
Kinetics of coherent order-disorder transition in $Al_3 Zr$


  Within a phase field approach which takes the strain-induced elasticity into
account, the kinetics of the coherent order-disorder transition is investigated
for the specific case of $Al_3 Zr$ alloy. It is shown that a microstructure
with cubic $L1_2$ precipitates appears as a transient state during the
decomposition of a homogeneous disordered solid solution into a microstructure
with tetragonal $DO_{23}$ precipitates embedded into a disordered matrix. At
low enough temperature, favored by a weak internal stress, only $L1_2$
precipitates grow in the transient microstructure preceding nucleation of the
$DO_{23}$ precipitates that occurs exclusively at the interface of the solid
solution with the $L1_2$ precipitates. Analysis of microstructures at
nanoscopic scale shows a characteristic rod shape for the $DO_{23}$
precipitates due to the combination of their tetragonal symmetry and their
large internal stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129529 </DOCNO>
A photometric investigation of the young open cluster Trumpler 15


  In this paper we present and analyze new CCD $UBVRI$ photometry down to
$V\approx$21 in the region of the young open cluster Trumpler~15, located in
the Carina spiral feature. The cluster is rather compact and has a core radius
of about 2$^{\prime}$, which translates in about 1 pc at the distance of the
cluster. We provide the first CCD investigation and update its fundamental
parameters. We identify 90 candidate photometric members on the base of the
position in the color-color and color-magnitude diagrams. This sample allows us
to obtain a distance of 2.4$\pm$0.3 kpc from the Sun and a reddening
E$(B-V)$=0.52$\pm0.07$. We confirm that the cluster is young, and fix a upper
limit of 6 million yrs to its age . In addition, we draw the attention on the
lower part of the Main Sequence (MS) suggesting that some stars can be in
contracting phase and on a gap in the MS, that we show to be a real feature,
the $B1-B5$ gap found in other young open clusters. We finally study in details
the extinction toward Trumpler~15 concluding that it is normal and suggesting a
value of 2.89$\pm$0.19 for the ratio of total to selective absorption $R_V$.\

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41120 </DOCNO>
Observability of the Lightest CMSSM Higgs Boson at Hadron Colliders


  We discuss the observability of the lightest neutral Higgs boson in the
constrained MSSM (CMSSM), with universal soft supersymmetry-breaking
parameters, at hadron colliders such as the Tevatron and the LHC. We take
account of the constraints on parameter space provided by LEP, the measured
rate of b to s gamma decay, the cosmological relic density Omega h^2, and the
recent measurement of g_mu - 2. We normalize products of the expected CMSSM
Higgs production cross sections and decay branching ratios (sigma B)_CMSSM
relative to those expected for a Standard Model Higgs boson of the same mass.
In the h to gamma gamma channel, we find that (sigma B)_CMSSM > 0.85 (sigma
B)_SM. In the W/t tbar + h, h to b bbar channels, we find that (sigma B)_CMSSM
\~ 1.05 (sigma B)_SM. We conclude that the lightest CMSSM Higgs boson should be
almost as easy to see as the Standard Model Higgs boson: in particular, it
should be discoverable with about 15/fb of luminosity at the Tevatron or 10/fb
of luminosity at the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2658 </DOCNO>
Interplay of linear and modified nonlinear impurities in the formation


  Formation of stationary localized states in one-dimensional chain due to a
linear impurity and a modified nonlinear impurity is studied. Furthermore, a
one-dimensional chain with linear and modified nonlinear site energies at the
alternate sites is studied and rich phase diagrams of SL states are obtained
for all the systems we considered. The results are compared with those of the
linear and nonlinear systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127488 </DOCNO>
First Results from SPARO: Evidence for Large-Scale Toroidal Magnetic


  We have observed the linear polarization of 450 micron continuum emission
from the Galactic center, using a new polarimetric detector system that is
operated on a 2 m telescope at the South Pole. The resulting polarization map
extends ~ 170 pc along the Galactic plane and ~ 30 pc in Galactic latitude, and
thus covers a significant fraction of the central molecular zone. Our map shows
that this region is permeated by large-scale toroidal magnetic fields. We
consider our results together with radio observations that show evidence for
poloidal fields in the Galactic center, and with Faraday rotation observations.
We compare all of these observations with the predictions of a magnetodynamic
model for the Galactic center that was proposed in order to explain the
Galactic Center Radio Lobe as a magnetically driven gas outflow. We conclude
that the observations are basically consistent with the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99153 </DOCNO>
Generalisations of Rozansky-Witten invariants


  We survey briefly the definition of the Rozansky-Witten invariants, and
review their relevance to the study of compact hyperkaehler manifolds. We
consider how various generalisations of the invariants might prove useful for
the study of non-compact hyperkaehler manifolds, of quaternionic-Kaehler
manifolds, and of relations between hyperkaehler manifolds and Lie algebras.
The paper concludes with a list of additional problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129442 </DOCNO>
Strong and Weak Lensing Constraints on Galaxy Mass Distribution


  Gravitational Lensing is a UNIQUE tool to constrain the mass distribution of
collapsed structures, this is particularly true for galaxies, either on a case
by case basis using multiple images of background sources (such as quasars), or
statistically using the so called galaxy-galaxy lensing technique. First, I
will present the lensing theory, and then discuss the various methods applied
to current observations. Finally, I will review the bright future prospects of
galaxy lensing that will benefit of the development of high resolution, large,
wide and deep (lensing) surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7134 </DOCNO>
On the Anti-Wishart distribution


  We provide the probability distribution function of matrix elements each of
which is the inner product of two vectors.
  The vectors we are considering here are independently distributed but not
necessarily Gaussian variables.
  When the number of components M of each vector is greater than the number of
vectors N, one has a $N\times N$ symmetric matrix.
  When $M\ge N$ and the components of each vector are independent Gaussian
variables, the distribution function of the $N(N+1)/2$ matrix elements was
obtained by Wishart in 1928.
  When N > M, what we called the ``Anti-Wishart'' case, the matrix elements are
no longer completely independent because the true degrees of freedom becomes
smaller than the number of matrix elements. Due to this singular nature,
analytical derivation of the probability distribution function is much more
involved than the corresponding Wishart case. For a class of general random
vectors, we obtain the analytical distribution function in a closed form, which
is a product of various factors and delta function constraints, composed of
various determinants. The distribution function of the matrix element for the
$M\ge N$ case with the same class of random vectors is also obtained as a
by-product. Our result is closely related to and should be valuable for the
study of random magnet problem and information redundancy problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1885 </DOCNO>
The Phase Diagram of High-Tc Superconductors in the Presence of Dynamic


  The phase diagram of superconducting copper oxides is calculated as a
function of doping based on a theory of dynamic stripe induced
superconductivity. The two major conclusions from the theory and the numerical
analysis are that T* (the pseudogap onset) and Tc (superconductivity onset) are
correlated through the pseudogap, which induces a gap in the single particle
energies that persists into the superconducting state. By decreasing the doping
the pseudogap Delta* increases and T* increases, but when Delta* exceeds a
certain critical value the superconducting transition temperature Tc is
suppressed. A mixed s- and d-wave pairing symmetry is also examined as function
of doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127685 </DOCNO>
A physical upper limit on the HI column density of gas clouds


  An intriguing fact about cosmic gas clouds is that they all appear to have
neutral (atomic) hydrogen column densities smaller than 10^{22} cm^{-2}.
Observations of damped Ly-alpha (DLA) absorption systems further indicate that
the maximum N(HI) decreases with increasing metallicity. It is generally
assumed that this trend is due to a dust-induced selection bias: DLA systems
with high N(HI) and high metallicity contain so much dust that the background
QSO becomes too dim to be included in optically selected surveys. Here, it is
argued that this explanation may not be viable. Instead, it is proposed that
conversion to molecular hydrogen determines the maximum HI column density.
Molecular hydrogen forms on the surface of dust grains and is destroyed by
photodissociation. Therefore, the molecular fraction correlates with both the
dust content and, because of self-shielding, the total hydrogen column density,
and anticorrelates with the intensity of the incident UV radiation. It is shown
that the first relation can account for the observed anticorrelation between
the maximum N(HI) and metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1606 </DOCNO>
Dimensionality dependence of optical nonlinearity and relaxation


  Femtosecond pump-probe measurements find pronounced dimensionality dependence
of the optical nonlinearity in cuprates. Although the coherent two-photon
absorption (TPA) and linear absorption bands nearly overlap in both quasi-one
and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) cuprates, the TPA coefficient is one order of
magnitude smaller in 2D than in 1D. Furthermore, picosecond recovery of optical
transparency is observed in 1D cuprates, while the recovery in 2D involves
relaxation channels with a time scales of tens of picoseconds. The experimental
results are interpreted within the two-band extended Hubbard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149013 </DOCNO>
The Reduced Open Membrane Metric


  We discuss the reduction of the open membrane metric and determine the
(previously unknown) conformal factor. We also construct SL(2,R) invariant open
string metrics and complex open string coupling constants by reducing the open
membrane metric on a 2-torus. In doing so we also clarify some issues on
manifest SL(2,R) symmetry of the D3-brane. We remark on the consequences of our
results for the recently conjectured existence of decoupled (p,q)
non-commutative open string theories in type IIB string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81434 </DOCNO>
Study of the SU(2) High Density System with Wilson Fermion


  We investigate high density state of SU(2) QCD in the case of the Wilson
fermions with Iwasaki improved action. Based on the Woodbery formula, the ratio
of fermion determinants is evaluated at each step of the Metropolis link
update. At $\beta=0.7$, for $\kappa = 0.150$, and $\kappa = 0.175$, we
calculate thermodynamical quantities, such as, baryon number density, Polyakov
line, and the energy density of gluon sector with chemical potential $\mu$=0 to
0.9 on the $4^{3} \times 8$ lattice. The susceptibility of the Polyakov line to
the chemical potential shows peak at around $\mu = 0.7$ which indicates the
deconfinement phase transition. Behavior of the meson and diquark propagators
with finite chemical potential are also investigated at both side of the peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99007 </DOCNO>
Lieb-Thirring Inequalities for Jacobi Matrices


  For a Jacobi matrix J on l^2(Z_+) with Ju(n)=a_{n-1} u(n-1) + b_n u(n) + a_n
u(n+1), we prove that
  \sum_{|E|>2} (E^2 -4)^{1/2} \leq \sum_n |b_n| + 4\sum_n |a_n -1|.
  We also prove bounds on higher moments and some related results in higher
dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124325 </DOCNO>
Time delay in QSO 0957+561 from 1984-99 optical data


  Photometric optical data of QSO 0957+561 covering the period 1984-99 are
analyzed to discern between the two values of the time delay (417 and 424 days)
mostly accepted in the recent literature. The observations, performed by groups
from three different institutions-Princeton University, Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics, and Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias-and including
new unpublished 1998-9 data from the IAC80 Telescope, were obtained in five
filters (V, R, I, g, and r). The different light curves have been divided into
observational seasons and two restriction have been applied to better calculate
the time delay: (i) points with a strange photometric behavior have been
removed; and (ii) data sets without large gaps have been selected. Simulated
data were generated to test several numerical methods intended to compute the
time delay. The methods giving the best results-the discrete correlation
function, delta-square, z-transformed discrete correlation function, and linear
interpolation-were then applied to real data. A first analysis of the 23
different time delays derived from each technique shows that the time delay
must be into the interval 420-424 days. From our statistical study, a most
probable value of 422.6 +/- 0.6 days is inferred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5738 </DOCNO>
Inter-isotope determination of ultracold rubidium interactions from


  Combining the measured binding energies of four of the most weakly bound
rovibrational levels of the $^{87}$Rb$_2$ molecule with the results of two
other recent high-precision rubidium experiments, we obtain exceptionally
strong constraints on the atomic interaction parameters in a highly model
independent analysis. The comparison of $^{85}$Rb and $^{87}$Rb data, where the
two isotopes are related by a mass scaling procedure, plays a crucial role.
Using the consistent picture of the interactions that thus arises we are led to
predictions for scattering lengths, clock shifts, Feshbach resonance fields and
widths with an unprecedented level of accuracy. To demonstrate this, we predict
two Feshbach resonances in mixed-spin scattering channels at easily accessible
magnetic field strengths, which we expect to play a role in the damping of
coherent spin oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174677 </DOCNO>
Review of Nuclear Reactions at the AGS


  Results from p+A and A+A collisions from the beam energies 2-18 AGeV/c are
reviewed with emphasis on the properties of dense hadronic matter, and its
implications for claims that a new state of matter has been formed at the SPS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96904 </DOCNO>
Quantization of Slodowy slices


  We give a direct proof of (a slight generalization of) the recent result of
A. Premet related to generalized Gelfand-Graev representations and of an
equivalence due to Skryabin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86515 </DOCNO>
Superstrings in 2D Backgrounds with R-R Flux and New Extremal Black


  The hybrid formalism is used to quantize the superstring compactified to
two-dimensional target-space in a manifestly spacetime supersymmetric manner. A
quantizable sigma model action is then constructed for the Type II superstring
in curved two-dimensional supergravity backgrounds which can include
Ramond-Ramond flux. Such curved backgrounds include Calabi-Yau four-fold
compactifications with Ramond-Ramond flux, and new extremal black hole
solutions in two-dimensional dilaton supergravity theory. These black hole
solutions are a natural generalization of the CGHS model and might be possible
to describe using a supergroup version of the SL(2,R)/U(1) WZW model. We also
study some dynamical aspects of the new black holes, such as formation and
evaporation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7269 </DOCNO>
Heat capacity of mesoscopically disordered superconductors:implications


  Electronic heat capacity was calculated for a mesoscopically disordered
s-wave superconductor treated as a spatial ensemble of domains with a
continuously varying superconducting properties. The domains are assumed to
have sizes larger than the coherence length. Each domain is characterized by a
certain critical temperature. The averaging over the superconducting gap
distribution leads to quadratic temperature dependence of the specific heat at
low temperatures, whereas its anomaly at the critical temperature is
substantially smeared. The results explain well the heat capacity data for
MgB$_{2}$, where a multiple-gap structure is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1300 </DOCNO>
On the equivalence of the Ashkin-Teller and the four-state Potts-glass


  We show that for a particular choice of the coupling parameters the
Ashkin-Teller spin-glass neural network model with the Hebb learning rule and
one condensed pattern yields the same thermodynamic properties as the
four-state anisotropic Potts-glass neural network model. This equivalence is
not seen at the level of the Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169225 </DOCNO>
Single particle nonlocality: A proposed experimental test


  We show that controlled interference of a particle's wavefunction can be used
to perform a quantum mechanical measurement in an incomplete basis. This
happens because the measurement projects the particle into a lower dimensional
subspace of the Hilbert space of the incoming wave. It allows a sender (Alice)
to signal the receiver (Bob) nonlocally, by Alice's choosing to measure in a
complete or incomplete basis (in general: bases of differing incompleteness).
If experimentally confirmed, it furnishes a new quantum communication act:
nonlocal transmission of a bit without concomitant causal communication.
However, the question of its compatibility with special relativity remains
unresolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 886 </DOCNO>
Comment on 'Missing 2$k_F$ Response for Composite Fermions in Phonon


  A Comment on the Letter by S. Zelakiewicz et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1942
(2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114441 </DOCNO>
Analyzing laser-plasma interferograms with a Continuous Wavelet


  Laser-plasma interferograms are currently analyzed by extracting the
phase-shift map with FFT techniques (K.A.Nugent, Applied Optics {\bf 18}, 3101
(1985)). This methodology works well when interferograms are only marginally
affected by noise and reduction of fringe visibility, but it can fail in
producing accurate phase-shifts maps when dealing with low-quality images.
 In this paper we will present a novel procedure for the phase-shift map
computation which makes an extensive use of the Ridge Extraction in the
Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) framework. The CWT tool is {\it flexible}
because of the wide adaptability of the analyzing basis and it can be very {\it
accurate} because of the intrinsic noise reduction in the Ridge Extraction.
 A comparative analysis of the accuracy performances of the new tool and the
FFT-based one shows that the CWT-based tool phase maps are considerably less
noisy and it can better resolve local inhomogeneties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149957 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous breakdown of PT symmetry in the solvable square-well model


  In many PT symmetric models with real spectra, apparently, energy levels
"merge and disappear" at a point of the spontaneous PT-symmetry breaking. We
argue that such an oversimplified and discontinuous physical interpretation of
this mechanism as proposed, e.g., by one of us in Phys. Lett. A 285 (2001), p.
7 would be inappropriate. Using the elementary square-well model of the above
reference in the strongly non-Hermitian regime we exemplify how the doublets of
states with broken PT symmetry continue to exist at complex conjugate energies.
In contrast to many other exactly solvable examples of such a mechanism (we
listed some of them in quant-ph/0110064), our present model of symmetry
breaking does not complexify all the spectrum at once. "Realistically", it
rather proceeds step by step, starting from the low-lying part of the spectrum
and involving more and more excited states with an increasing degree of
non-Hermiticity of the underlying interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 992 </DOCNO>
Epidemic dynamics and endemic states in complex networks


  We study by analytical methods and large scale simulations a dynamical model
for the spreading of epidemics in complex networks. In networks with
exponentially bounded connectivity we recover the usual epidemic behavior with
a threshold defining a critical point below which the infection prevalence is
null. On the contrary, on a wide range of scale-free networks we observe the
absence of an epidemic threshold and its associated critical behavior. This
implies that scale-free networks are prone to the spreading and the persistence
of infections whatever spreading rate the epidemic agents might possess. These
results can help understanding computer virus epidemics and other spreading
phenomena on communication and social networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73619 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Violating Z Decays in the Zee Model


  We calculate lepton flavor violating (LFV) Z decays Z \to {{e_i^\pm}}e_j^\mp
(i, j = e, \mu, \tau ; i\neq j) in the Zee model keeping in view the radiative
leptonic decays e_i\to e_j\gamma (i = \mu, \tau ; j = e, \mu ; i\neq j), \mu
decay and anomalous muon magnetic moment (\mu AMM). We investigate three
different cases of Zee f_{ij} coupling (A) f_{e\mu}^2 = f_{\mu\tau}^2= f_{\tau
e}^2, (B) f_{e\mu}^2 \gg f_{\tau e}^2 \gg f_{\mu\tau}^2, and (C) f_{\mu\tau}^2
\gg f_{e\mu}^2 \gg f_{\tau e}^2 subject to the neutrino phenomenology.
Interestingly, we find that, although the case (C) satisfies the large excess
value of \mu AMM, however, it is unable to explain the solar neutrino
experimental result, whereas the case (B) satisfies the bi-maximal neutrino
mixing scenario, but confronts with the result of \mu AMM experiment. We also
find that among all the three cases, only the case (C) gives rise to largest
contribution to the ratio B(Z\to e^\pm\tau^\mp)/B(Z\to \mu^\pm \mu^\mp) \simeq
{10}^{-8} which is still two order less than the accessible value to be probed
by the future linear colliders, whereas for the other two cases, this ratio is
too low to be observed even in the near future for all possible LFV Z decay
modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168170 </DOCNO>
Dirac particles in a rotating magnetic field


  We study a relativistic charged Dirac particle moving in a rotating magnetic
field. By using a time-dependent unitary transformation, the Dirac equation
with the time-dependent Hamiltonian can be reduced to a Dirac-like equation
with a time-independent effective Hamiltonian. Eigenstates of the effective
Hamiltonian correspond to cyclic solutions of the original Dirac equation. The
nonadiabatic geometric phase of a cyclic solution can be expressed in terms of
the expectation value of the component of the total angular momentum along the
rotating axis, regardless of whether the solution is explictly available. For a
slowly rotating magnetic field, the eigenvalue problem of the effective
Hamiltonian is solved approximately and the geometric phases are calculated.
The same problem for a charged or neutral Dirac particle with an anomalous
magnetic moment is discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124210 </DOCNO>
The Gamma-Ray Properties of Unidentified EGRET Sources


  Although the majority of gamma-ray sources still remain unidentified, we have
various kinds of information to characterize the observational properties of
unidentified EGRET sources. Despite astronomical properties like locations of
individual sources or the collective arrangement of the class as such, the nine
years of CGRO observations provide the ability to investigate flux variability
at different timescales, enable us to perform periodicity searches, determine
gamma-ray source spectra between 30 MeV and 10 GeV and even investigate
spectral variability. The basic observational properties of unidentified
high-energy gamma-ray sources discovered by EGRET are reviewed. Various
instrumental and observational peculiarities affecting the interpretation of
the EGRET data are pointed out, also describing the way such biases might
affect scientific conclusions drawn from the EGRET data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169331 </DOCNO>
Direct detection of quantum entanglement


  Quantum entanglement, after playing a significant role in the development of
the foundations of quantum mechanics, has been recently rediscovered as a new
physical resource with potential commercial applications such as, for example,
quantum cryptography, better frequency standards or quantum-enhanced
positioning and clock synchronization. On the mathematical side the studies of
entanglement have revealed very interesting connections with the theory of
positive maps. The capacity to generate entangled states is one of the basic
requirements for building quantum computers. Hence, efficient experimental
methods for detection, verification and estimation of quantum entanglement are
of great practical importance. Here, we propose an experimentally viable,
\emph{direct} detection of quantum entanglement which is efficient and does not
require any \emph{a priori} knowledge about the quantum state. In a particular
case of two entangled qubits it provides an estimation of the amount of
entanglement. We view this method as a new form of quantum computation, namely,
as a decision problem with quantum data structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86106 </DOCNO>
Radiating sources in higher-dimensional gravity


  We study a time-dependent 5D metric which contains a static 4D sub-metric
whose 3D part is spherically symmetric. An expansion in the metric coefficient
allow us to obtain close-to Schwarzschild approximation to a class of
spherically-symmetric solutions. Using Campbell's embedding theorem and the
induced-matter formalism we obtain two 4D solutions. One describes a source
with the stiff equation of state believed to be applicable to dense
astrophysical objects, and the other describes a spherical source with a radial
heat flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86728 </DOCNO>
Comment on the transition amplitude for toy universe models


  The parametrized system called ``ideal clock'' is turned into an ordinary
gauge system and quantized by means of a path integral in which canonical
gauges are admissible. Then the possibility of applying the results to obtain
the transition amplitude for empty minisuperspaces, and the restrictions
arising from the topology of the constraint surface, are studied by matching
the models with the ideal clock. A generalization to minisuperspaces with true
degrees of freedom is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76300 </DOCNO>
Remark on the perturbative component of inclusive $\tau$-decay


  In the context of the inclusive $\tau$-decay, we analyze various forms of
perturbative expansions which have appeared as modifications of the original
perturbative series. We argue that analytic perturbation theory, which combines
renormalization-group invariance and $Q^2$-analyticity, has significant merits
favoring its use to describe the perturbative component of $\tau$-decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168924 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory of Observers


  This is an attempt to create a consistent and non-trivial extension of
quantum theory, describing in detail the quantum measurement process. A
tentative but concrete model is presented, based on the concept of multiple
observer/participators, represented by separate state vectors. The evolution is
deterministic, and in the chaotic regime implies approximate adherence to the
Born rule for probabilities. The model is applied in a number of contexts:
simple detectors, multi-state selectors, and intermittent systems. The results
are consistent with phenomenology. We also consider more speculative
applications, including specific spin and position `observables.' Finally the
outlook for the model is discussed, and its relation to other work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4826 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Transition Temperature Fluctuation Induced Pinning im


  The magnetic field dependent critical current density $j_c(B)$ of a MgB$_2$
bulk sample has been obtained by means of magnetization hysteresis
measurements. The $j_c(B)$ curves at different temperatures demonstrate a
crossover from single vortex pinning to small-bundle vortex pinning, when the
field is larger than the crossover field $B_{sb}$. The temperature dependence
of the crossover field $B_{sb}(T)$ is in agreement with a model of randomly
distributed weak pinning centers via the spatial fluctuations of the transition
temperature ($\delta T_c$-pinning), while pinning due to the mean free path
fluctuations ($\delta l$-pinning) is not observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76040 </DOCNO>
Reheating and turbulence


  We show that the ''turbulent'' particle spectra found in numerical
simulations of the behavior of matter fields during reheating admit a simple
interpretation in terms of hydrodynamic models of the reheating period. We
predict a particle number spectrum $n_{k}\propto k^{-\alpha}$ with $\alpha \sim
2$ for $k\to 0.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150289 </DOCNO>
Homotopy Algebra Morphism and Geometry of Classical String Field Theory


  We discuss general properties of classical string field theories with
symmetric vertices in the context of deformation theory. For a given conformal
background there are many string field theories corresponding to different
decomposition of moduli space of Riemann surfaces. It is shown that any
classical open string field theories on a fixed conformal background are
$A_\infty$-quasi-isomorphic to each other. This indicates that they have
isomorphic moduli space of classical solutions. The minimal model theorem in
$A_\infty$-algebras plays a key role in these results. Its natural and
geometric realization on formal supermanifolds is also given. The same results
hold for classical closed string field theories, whose algebraic structure is
governed by $L_\infty$-algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127722 </DOCNO>
Predicting the number, spatial distribution and merging history of dark


  We present a new algorithm (PINOCCHIO, PINpointing Orbit-Crossing Collapsed
HIerarchical objects) to predict accurately the formation and evolution of
individual dark matter haloes in a given realization of an initial linear
density field. Compared with the halo population formed in a large (360^3
particles) collisionless simulation of a CDM universe, our method is able to
predict to better than 10 per cent statistical quantities such as the mass
function, two-point correlation function and progenitor mass function of the
haloes. Masses of individual haloes are estimated accurately as well, with
errors typically of order 30 per cent in the mass range well resolved by the
numerical simulation. These results show that the hierarchical formation of
dark matter haloes can be accurately predicted using local approximations to
the dynamics when the correlations in the initial density field are properly
taken into account. The approach allows one to automatically generate a large
ensemble of accurate merging histories of haloes with complete knowledge of
their spatial distribution. The construction of the full merger tree for a
256^3 realisation requires a few hours of CPU-time on a personal computer,
orders of magnitude faster than the corresponding N-body simulation would take,
and without needing any extensive post-processing. The technique can be
efficiently used, for instance, for generating the input for galaxy formation
modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4774 </DOCNO>
Kob-Andersen model: a non-standard mechanism for the glassy transition


  We present new results reflecting the analogies between the Kob-Andersen
model and other glassy systems. Studying the stability of the blocked
configurations above and below the transition we also give arguments that
supports their relevance for the glassy behaviour of the model.
 However we find, surprisingly, that the organization of the phase space of the
system is different from the well known organization of other mean-field spin
glasses and structural glasses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114024 </DOCNO>
A Metric Determined by Photon Exchange


  The k-calculus was advanced by Hermann Bondi as a means of explaining special
relativity using only simple algebra [1]. Bondi's argument was placed in the
context of classical electrodynamics. In this paper it is placed in context of
particle theoretic QED. The central derivations are reviewed, using proofs only
slightly more elegant than those in Bondi's books. As used by Bondi, k is
Doppler red shift. The relativistic measurement of position is placed in the
context of an information theoretic interpretation of quantum mechanics as a
theory of measurement results. The law of geodesic motion is seen as consequent
on the refraction of the wave function due curvature, as in geometric optics.
The k-calculus is extended to include gravitational red shift and to account
for gravity by observing that, after allowing a small inherent delay in the
reflection of a photon, the metric defined by the radar method obeys Einstein's
field equation. A very simple derivation of Schwarzschild is given using the
k-calculus and avoiding differential geometry and calculation of Christoffel
symbols. The Newtonian approximation is seen from a direct application of red
shift to the wave function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96961 </DOCNO>
Orthonormal Eigenbases over the Octonions


  We previously showed that the real eigenvalues of 3x3 octonionic Hermitian
matrices form two separate families, each containing 3 eigenvalues, and each
leading to an orthonormal decomposition of the identity matrix, which would
normally correspond to an orthonormal basis. We show here that it nevertheless
takes both families in order to decompose an arbitrary vector into components,
each of which is an eigenvector of the original matrix; each vector therefore
has 6 components, rather than 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74720 </DOCNO>
New physics signatures at a Linear Collider: model-independent analysis


  We discuss four-fermion contact-interaction searches in the processes
e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^-, c{\bar c} and b{\bar b} at a future e^+e^- Linear Collider
with c.m. energy \sqrt{s}=0.5 TeV and with both beams longitudinally polarized.
Our analysis is based on the measurements of familiar polarized observables
such as the total cross section and the forward-backward/left-right
asymmetries, and accounts for the general set of contact interaction couplings
as independent, non-zero, parameters thus avoiding simplifying,
model-dependent, assumptions. We derive the corresponding model-independent
constraints on the above-mentioned coupling constants, and evaluate the
corresponding reach at the Linear Collider, emphasizing the role of beam
polarization. We compare the results with a model-dependent procedure where
only one coupling is varied at a time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179313 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of rare particles as a measure of chemical equilibration


  We calculate the time evolution of fluctuations for rare particles such as
e.g. kaons in 1 AGeV or charmonium in 200 AGeV heavy ion collisions. We find
that these fluctuations are a very sensitive probe of the degree of chemical
equilibration reached in these collisions. Furthermore, measuring the second
factorial moment the size of the initial population can be determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168181 </DOCNO>
Quantum Entanglement of Photons in Doubled q-Fock Space


  A doubled q-Fock space is constructed by introducing an idle mode system dual
to the physical one under consideration. The quantum entanglements of photons
in the squeezed states and thermal states based on the doubled q-Fock space are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 832 </DOCNO>
Electronic States of Boron in Superconducting MgB$_2$ Studied by


  NMR spectra and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}$ of $^{11}$B
have been measured in superconducting polycrystalline MgB$_{2}$ with
$T_C^{ons}\cong 39.5K$. It is shown that $(T_{1}T)^{-1}$ and the Knight shift
$K_{s}$ are independent of temperature and nearly isotropic above $T_C$. Both
of these quantities are decreased gradually in going to superconducting state.
According NMR data the density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level is flat at
the scale $\approx$ 500K. Some conclusions on the orbital content of the DOS at
the Fermi level was done and compared with the results of the band structure
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125372 </DOCNO>
The fluctuating gravitational field in inhomogeneous and clustered


  In this paper I extend the results of Ahmad & Cohen (1973), regarding the
study of the probability distribution of the stochastic force in homogeneous
gravitational systems, to inhomogeneous gravitational ones. To this aim, I
study the stochastic force distribution using N-body realizations of Plummer's
spherically symmetric models. I find that the stochastic force distribution
obtained for the evolved system is in good agreement with Kandrup's (1980)
theory of stochastic force in inhomogeneous systems. Correlation effects that
arise during the evolution of the system of particles are well described by
Antonuccio-Delogu & Atrio-Barandela's (1992) theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74914 </DOCNO>
The Gauge Technique in QED_{2+1}


  The Gauge Technique has been applied to QED$_{2+1}$ in the quenched case with
infrared subtraction. The behaviour of the fermion propagator near the
threshold is then found to be \[ S(p)\to \frac{(\gamma \cdot
p+m)}{(p^{2}-m^{2})}(\frac{p^{2}-m^{2}}{% 2m^{2}})^{\zeta}\exp (-\frac{\eta
\varsigma}{2}), \] where $\varsigma =e^{2}/(4\pi m)$ and this is gauge
invariant except the exponential factor. We also find a spectral function in
the Landau and Yennie like gauge. The propagators $S(p)$ are expressed in terms
of $\Phi (z,1,\varsigma)$ explicitly .The vacuum expectation value $<
\overline{\psi}\psi >$ is gauge dependent . Thus dynamical mass generation does
not occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5520 </DOCNO>
Hysteretic properties of a magnetic particle with strong surface


  We study the influence of surface anisotropy on the zero-temperature
hysteretic properties of a small single-domain magnetic particle, and give an
estimation of the anisotropy constant for which deviations from the
Stoner-Wohlfarth model are observed due to non-uniform reversal of the
particle's magnetisation. For this purpose, we consider a spherical particle
with simple cubic crystalline structure, a uniaxial anisotropy for core spins
and radial anisotropy on the surface. The hysteresis loop is obtained by
solving the local (coupled) Landau-Lifschitz equations for classical spin
vectors. We find that when the surface anisotropy constant is at least of the
order of the exchange coupling, large deviations are observed with respect to
the Stoner-Wohlfarth model in the hysteresis loop and thereby the
limit-of-metastability curve, since in this case the magnetisation reverses its
direction in a non-uniform manner via a progressive switching of spin clusters.
In this case the critical field, as a function of the particle's size, behaves
as observed in experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125774 </DOCNO>
Probability Distribution Function of Cosmological Density Fluctuations


  We quantitatively study the probability distribution function (PDF) of
cosmological nonlinear density fluctuations from N-body simulations with
Gaussian initial condition. In particular, we examine the validity and
limitations of one-point and two-point log-normal PDF models against those
directly estimated from the simulations. We find that the one-point log-normal
PDF describes very accurately the cosmological density distribution even in the
nonlinear regime (the rms variance \sigma_{nl} \simlt 4 and the over-density
\delta \simlt 100). Furthermore the two-point log-normal PDFs are also in good
agreement with the simulation data from linear to fairly nonlinear regime,
while slightly deviate from them for \delta \simlt -0.5. Thus the log-normal
PDF can be used as a useful empirical model for the cosmological density
fluctuations. While this conclusion is fairly insensitive to the shape of the
underlying power spectrum of density fluctuations P(k), models with substantial
power on large scales, i.e., n\equiv d\ln P(k)/d \ln k \simlt -1, are better
described by the log-normal PDF. On the other hand, we note that the one-to-one
mapping of the initial and the evolved density fields consistent with the
log-normal model does not approximate the broad distribution of their mutual
correlation even on average. Thus the origin of the phenomenological log-normal
PDF approximation still remains to be understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113903 </DOCNO>
The Early Universe and the Standard Model of Particle Physics


  The most well tested and successful model of particle physics is the Standard
Model (SM). It is shown here that the restoration of the full SM symmetry (as
in the Early Universe) leads to the result that the electric charge loses all
physical meaning and hence does not exist above this scale, As a direct
consequence of this we show that `time', `light' along with its velocity c and
therefore the theory of relativity, all lose any physical meaning. The
space-time structure as known to us, disappears in this phase transition. Thus
it is hypothesized that the Universe came into existence when the SM symmetry $
SU(3)_c \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y $ was spontaneously broken to $ SU(3)_c
\otimes U(1)_{em} $. This does not require any spurious extensions of the SM
and in a natural and consistent manner explains the origin of the Universe
within the framework of the SM itself. Thus the SM, in addition to all its
successes, has within itself, the capablity of giving a consistent decription
of the origin of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86166 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Initial Conditions in Quantum Cosmology


  Loop quantum cosmology is shown to provide both the dynamical law and initial
conditions for the wave function of a universe by one discrete evolution
equation. Accompanied by the condition that semiclassical behavior is obtained
at large volume, a unique wave function is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7412 </DOCNO>
Lattice Models of Ionic Systems


  A theoretical analysis of Coulomb systems on lattices in general dimensions
is presented. The thermodynamics is developed using Debye-Huckel theory with
ion-pairing and dipole-ion solvation, specific calculations being performed for
3D lattices. As for continuum electrolytes, low-density results for sc, bcc and
fcc lattices indicate the existence of gas-liquid phase separation. The
predicted critical densities have values comparable to those of continuum ionic
systems, while the critical temperatures are 60-70% higher. However, when the
possibility of sublattice ordering as well as Debye screening is taken into
account systematically, order-disorder transitions and a tricritical point are
found on sc and bcc lattices, and gas-liquid coexistence is suppressed. Our
results agree with recent Monte Carlo simulations of lattice electrolytes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150148 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Chern-Simons Vortices


  Based on the gauge potential decomposition theory and the $\phi $-mapping
theory, the topological inner structure of the Chern-Simons-Higgs vortex has
been showed in detail. The evolution of CSH vortices is studied from the
topological properties of the Higgs scalar field. The vortices are found
generating or annihilating at the limit points and encountering, splitting or
merging at the bifurcation points of the scalar field $\phi .$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 606 </DOCNO>
A geometric model for cold water and liquid-liquid transitions


  Water is an associated liquid in which the main intermolecular interaction is
the hydrogen bond (HB) which is limited to four per atom, independently of the
number of neighbours. We have considered a hydrogen bond net superposed on
Bernal's geometric model for liquids, which allows for different local
environments for the liquid particles. In this study, a mean-field treatment of
the two-dimensinal version of the model is discussed. Under pressure the model
exhibits three phases of different densities and a coexistence line ending in a
critical point between low and high density phases. Entropy of the HB network
plays an essential role in defining the slope of the coexistence line. The
model behaviour might be of interest in describing supercooled water and
liquid-liquid transitions of other substances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1306 </DOCNO>
Dynamic structure factor of a superfluid Fermi gas


  We describe the excitation spectrum of a two-component neutral Fermi gas in
the superfluid phase at finite temperature by deriving a suitable Random-Phase
approximation with the technique of functional derivatives. The obtained
spectrum for the homogeneous gas at small wavevectors contains the
Bogoliubov-Anderson phonon and is essentially different from the spectrum
predicted by the static Bogoliubov theory, which instead shows an unphysically
large response. We adapt the results for the homogeneous system to obtain the
dynamic structure factor of a harmonically confined superfluid and we identify
in the spectrum a unique feature of the superfluid phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149149 </DOCNO>
On the Ground State of SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory


  We compute the effective potential of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory using the
background field method and the Faddeev-Niemi decomposition of the gauge
fields. In particular, we find that the potential will depend on the values of
two scalar fields in the decomposition and that its structure will give rise to
a symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1339 </DOCNO>
Bosonization and effective vector-field theory of the fractional quantum


  The electromagnetic characteristics of the fractional quantum Hall states are
studied by formulating an effective vector-field theory that takes into account
projection to the exact Landau levels from the beginning. The effective theory
is constructed, via bosonization, from the electromagnetic response of an
incompressible and uniform state. It does not refer to either the
composite-boson or composite-fermion picture, but properly reproduces the
results of the standard bosonic and fermionic Chern-Simons approaches, thus
revealing the universality of the long-wavelength characteristics of the
quantum Hall states and the associated quasiparticles. In particular, the
dual-field Lagrangian of Lee and Zhang is obtained without invoking the
composite-boson picture. An argument is also given to verify, within a
vector-field version of the fermionic Chern-Simons theory, the identification
by Goldhaber and Jain of a composite fermion as a dressed electron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149935 </DOCNO>
CFT on the Brane with a Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter Twist


  We consider a brane universe in a Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter background
spacetime of arbitrary dimensionality. It is shown that the brane evolution is
described by generalized Friedmann equations for radiative matter along with a
stiff-matter contribution. On the basis of the (conjectured) dS/CFT
correspondence, we identify various thermodynamic properties of the brane. It
is then demonstrated that, when the brane crosses the de Sitter cosmological
horizon, the CFT thermodynamics and Friedmann-like equations coincide.
Moreover, the CFT entropy is shown to be expressible in a generalized
Cardy-Verlinde form. Finally, we consider the holographic entropy bounds in
this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73097 </DOCNO>
Tests of QCD in Two Photon PHysics


  Recent developments in the field of Two Photon Physics at LEP, and their
contribution to QCD are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95522 </DOCNO>
Orthogonal Polynomials in Analytical Method of Solving Differential


  An effective method to obtain exact analytical solutions of equations
describing the coherent dynamics of multilevel systems is presented. The method
is based on the usage of orthogonal polynomials, integral transforms and their
discrete analogues. All the obtained solutions are expressed by way of special
or elementary functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72797 </DOCNO>
Quantum diffusion of magnetic fields in a numerical worldline approach


  We propose a numerical technique for calculating effective actions of
electromagnetic backgrounds based on the worldline formalism. As a conceptually
simple example, we consider scalar electrodynamics in three dimensions to
one-loop order. Beyond the constant-magnetic-field case, serving as a benchmark
test, we analyze the effective action of a step-function-like magnetic field --
a configuration that is inaccessible to derivative expansions. We observe
magnetic-field diffusion, i.e., nonvanishing magnetic action density at space
points near the magnetic step where the classical field vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72745 </DOCNO>
QCD and Hadronic Final States at the LHC


  Hadronic final states at the LHC will be an interesting testing ground for
QCD. A good understanding of QCD radiation will also be important for the
discovery of new physics at the LHC. I discuss some aspects of this subject and
give a few examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123746 </DOCNO>
Diffraction-limited 800nm imaging with the 2.56m Nordic Optical


  A quantitative assessment is presented of diffraction-limited stellar images
with Strehl ratios of 0.25-0.30 obtained by selection of short-exposure CCD
images of stars brighter than +6m at 810nm with the Nordic Optical Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96448 </DOCNO>
n-Categories Admissible by n-graph


  The concept of n-categories and related subject is considered. An n-category
is described as an n-graph with a composition. A new definition of operad is
presented. Some illustrative examples are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75630 </DOCNO>
Brane Gas Inflation


  We consider the brane gas picture of the early universe. At later stages,
when there are no winding modes and the background is free to expand, we show
that a moving 3-brane, which we identify with our universe, can inflate even
though it is radiation-dominated. The crucial ingredients for successful
inflation are the coupling to the dilaton and the equation of state of the
bulk. If we suppose the brane initially forms in a collision of
higher-dimensional branes, then the spectrum of primordial density fluctuations
naturally has a thermal origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87247 </DOCNO>
Cosmological models and centre manifold theory


  Centre manifold theory is applied to some dynamical systems arising from
spatially homogeneous cosmological models. Detailed information is obtained
concerning the late-time behaviour of solutions of the Einstein equations of
Bianchi type III with collisionless matter. In addition some statements in the
literature on solutions of the Einstein equations coupled to a massive scalar
field are proved rigorously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169473 </DOCNO>
Interference of spontaneously emitted photons


  We discuss an experimental setup where two laser-driven atoms spontaneously
emit photons and every photon causes a ``click'' at a point on a screen. By
deriving the probability density for an emission into a certain direction from
basic quantum mechanical principles we predict a spatial interference pattern.
Similarities and differences with the classical double-slit experiment are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97576 </DOCNO>
Generalized coherent states associated with the C_{\lambda}-extended


  Two new types of coherent states associated with the C_{\lambda}-extended
oscillator, where C_{\lambda} is the cyclic group of order \lambda, are
introduced. The first ones include as special cases both the Barut-Girardello
and the Perelomov su(1,1) coherent states for \lambda=2, as well as the
annihilation-operator coherent states of the C_{\lambda}-extended oscillator
spectrum generating algebra for higher \lambda values. The second ones, which
are eigenstates of the C_{\lambda}-extended oscillator annihilation operator,
extend to higher \lambda values the paraboson coherent states, to which they
reduce for \lambda=2. All these states satisfy a unity resolution relation in
the C_{\lambda}-extended oscillator Fock space (or in some subspace thereof).
They give rise to Bargmann representations of the latter, wherein the
generators of the C_{\lambda}-extended oscillator algebra are realized as
differential-operator-valued matrices (or differential operators). The
statistical and squeezing properties of the new coherent states are
investigated over a wide range of parameters and some interesting nonclassical
features are exhibited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114047 </DOCNO>
High-precision determination of transition amplitudes of principal


  A method for determination of atomic dipole matrix elements of principal
transitions from the value of dispersion coefficient C_6 of molecular
potentials correlating to two ground-state atoms is proposed. The method is
illustrated on atomic Cs using C_6 deduced from high-resolution Feshbach
spectroscopy. The following reduced matrix elements are determined < 6S_{1/2}
|| D || 6P_{1/2} > =4.5028(60) |e| a0 and < 6S_{1/2} || D || 6P_{3/2} >
=6.3373(84) |e| a0 (a0= 0.529177 \times 10^{-8} cm.) These matrix elements are
consistent with the results of the most accurate direct lifetime measurements
and have a similar uncertainty. It is argued that the uncertainty can be
considerably reduced as the coefficient C_6 is constrained further.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168933 </DOCNO>
Explicit Euler method for solving time dependent Schr\H{o}dinger


  Using an explicit Euler substitution it was obtained a system of differential
equations, which can be used to find the solution of time-dependent
1-dimentional Schr\H{o}dinger equation for a general form of the time-dependent
potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5120 </DOCNO>
High-resolution ac-calorimetry studies of the quasi-2D organic


  We report high-resolution specific heat measurements on the quasi-2D organic
superconductor $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$, performed by using a most
sensitive ac-modulation technique. The main observations are (i) a
discontinuity at \tc\ much in excess of what is expected for a weak-coupling
BCS superconductor and (ii) a quasiparticle contribution to the specific heat
with an exponentially weak temperature dependence at $T \ll T_c$. The latter
finding is incompatible with an order parameter that vanishes at certain parts
of the Fermi surface. The data for $T \leq T_c$ can be well described by a
strong-coupling extension of the BCS theory - the $\alpha$-model - similar to
what has been recently found for the $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br
salt [Elsinger {\em et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 84}, 6098 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75901 </DOCNO>
4D construction of bulk supersymmetry breaking


  We give a four-dimensional description of supersymmetry breaking in
higher-dimensional bulk. The description clarifies a universal aspect of
supersymmetry-breaking mechanisms with extra spatial dimensions. We find that
they are closely connected by the difference in vacuum expectation values of
auxiliary components of modulus fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169506 </DOCNO>
Some Points On Casimir Forces


  Casimir forces of massive fermionic Dirac fields are calculated for parallel
plates geometry in spatial space with dimension d and imposing bag model
boundary conditions.It is shown that in the range of ma>>1 where m is mass of
fields quanta and a is the separation distance of the plates,it is equal to
massive bosonic fields Casimir force for each degree of freedom.We argue this
equality exists for any massive anyonic field in two-dimensional spatial
space.Also the ratio of massless fermionic field Casimir force to its bosonic
correspondent in d-dimentional spatial space is $(1-1/2^d)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41827 </DOCNO>
Measurement of e+e- -> pi+pi- cross section with CMD-2 around rho-meson


  The cross section of the process e+e- -> pi+pi- has been measured using about
114000 events collected by the CMD-2 detector at the VEPP-2M e+e- collider in
the center-of-mass energy range from 0.61 to 0.96 GeV. Results of the pion form
factor determination with a 0.6% systematic uncertainty are presented.
Implications for the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic
moment are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5249 </DOCNO>
Pathological Behavior in the Spectral Statistics of the Asymmetric Rotor


  The aim of this work is to study the spectral statistics of the asymmetric
rotor model (triaxial rigid rotator). The asymmetric top is classically
integrable and, according to the Berry-Tabor theory, its spectral statistics
should be Poissonian. Surprisingly, our numerical results show that the nearest
neighbor spacing distribution $P(s)$ and the spectral rigidity $\Delta_3(L)$ do
not follow Poisson statistics. In particular, $P(s)$ shows a sharp peak at
$s=1$ while $\Delta_3(L)$ for small values of $L$ follows the Poissonian
predictions and asymptotically it shows large fluctuations around its mean
value. Finally, we analyze the information entropy, which shows a dissolution
of quantum numbers by breaking the axial symmetry of the rigid rotator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97392 </DOCNO>
Invariants of finite group schemes


  We investigate the algebras of invariants and the properties of the quotient
morphism by an action of a finite group scheme in terms of stabilizers of
points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83951 </DOCNO>
Counting is Easy


  For any fixed $k$, a remarkably simple single-tape Turing machine can
simulate $k$ independent counters in real time. Informally, a counter is a
storage unit that maintains a single integer (initially 0), incrementing it,
decrementing it, or reporting its sign (positive, negative, or zero) on
command. Any automaton that responds to each successive command as a counter
would is said to simulate a counter. (Only for a sign inquiry is the response
of interest, of course. And zeroness is the only real issue, since a simulator
can readily use zero detection to keep track of positivity and negativity in
finite-state control. In this paper we describe a remarkably simple real-time
simulation, based on just five simple rewriting rules, of any fixed number $k$
of independent counters. On a Turing machine with a single, binary work tape,
the simulation runs in real time, handling an arbitrary counter command at each
step. The space used by the simulation can be held to $(k+\epsilon) \log_2 n$
bits for the first $n$ commands, for any specified $\epsilon > 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41639 </DOCNO>
Sum rules for total hadronic widths of mesons


  Mass sum rules for meson multiplets derived from exotic commutators may be
written for complex masses. Then the real parts give the well known mass
formulae (GM-O, Schwinger, Ideal) and the imaginary ones give the corresponding
sum rules for total hadronic widths. The masses and widths of the meson nonets
submit to a definite orders. It thus follows that tables of the meson nonets
should include information about masses, widths and the orders as well as the
mixing angle. The width sum rule for the nonet complying with Schwinger mass
formula may be depicted as a straight line in the $(m,\Gamma)$ plane. It is
easily verifiable and satisfied better for high mass nonets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3527 </DOCNO>
Planar pyrochlore, quantum ice and sliding ice


  We study quantum antiferromagnetism on the highly frustrated checkerboard
lattice, also known as the square lattice with crossings. The quantum
Heisenberg antiferromagnet on this lattice is of interest as a two-dimensional
analog of the pyrochlore lattice magnet. By combining several approaches we
conclude that this system is most likely ordered for all values of spin, $S$,
with a Neel state for large $S$ giving way to a two-fold degenerate
valence-bond solid for smaller $S$. We show next that the Ising antiferromagnet
with a weak four-spin exchange, equivalent to square ice with the leading
quantum dynamics, exhibits long range ``anti-ferroelectric'' order. As a
byproduct of this analysis we obtain, in the system of weakly coupled ice
planes, a sliding phase with XY symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129726 </DOCNO>
How Can We Study the Local Universe with CMB Photons?


  We show how observations of temperature fluctuations in cosmic microwave
background (CMB) can be used to extract information related to the large scale
structure, including dark matter distribution, pressure and halo velocities
involving the line of sight, transverse and rotational components. The
frequency spectrum can be used to separate the SZ effect from thermal
fluctuations. The measurement of higher order correlations in CMB can be used
to extract effects involving lensing and kinetic SZ effects. A high
signal-to-noise arcminute scale CMB experiment can be used to construct the
weak lensing convergence, which is useful given that the background source, CMB
anisotropies at the last scattering surface, is well understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85947 </DOCNO>
A spin-statistics theorem for quantum fields on curved spacetime


  A model-independent, locally generally covariant formulation of quantum field
theory over four-dimensional, globally hyperbolic spacetimes will be given
which generalizes similar, previous approaches. Here, a generally covariant
quantum field theory is an assignment of quantum fields to globally hyperbolic
spacetimes with spin-structure where each quantum field propagates on the
spacetime to which it is assigned. Imposing very natural conditions such as
local general covariance, existence of a causal dynamical law, fixed spinor- or
tensor-type for all quantum fields of the theory, and that the quantum field on
Minkowski spacetime satisfies the usual conditions, it will be shown that a
spin-statistics theorem hols: If for some spacetimes the corresponding quantum
field obeys the "wrong" connection between spin and statistics, then all
quantum fields of the theory, on each spacetime, are trivial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5671 </DOCNO>
Intercalation and High Temperature Superconductivity of Fullerides


  Intercalation of polyatomic molecules into a superconductor can drastically
affect the properties of the compound. A mechanism leading to a large increase
in Tc for such systems is proposed. It explains the recent remarkable
observation of high Tc superconductivity in the hole-doped C60/CHX3 (X=Cl,Br)
compounds and the large shift in their Tc upon Cl->Br substitution. The
increase in Tc is due to contribution to the pairing arising from the
interaction of electrons with the vibrational manifold of the molecule. The
proposed mechanism opens up the possibility to observe a site-selective isotope
effect. We also suggest that intercalating CHI3 would further increase the
critical temperature to Tc=140K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128992 </DOCNO>
Breaking the Redshift Deadlock - I: Constraining the star formation


  Future extragalactic sub-millimetre and millimetre surveys have the potential
to provide a sensitive census of the level of obscured star formation in
galaxies at all redshifts. While in general there is good agreement between the
source counts from existing SCUBA (850um) and MAMBO (1.25mm) surveys of
different depths and areas, it remains difficult to determine the redshift
distribution and bolometric luminosities of the sub-millimetre and millimetre
galaxy population. This is principally due to the ambiguity in identifying an
individual sub-millimetre source with its optical, IR or radio counterpart
which, in turn, prevents a confident measurement of the spectroscopic redshift.
Additionally, the lack of data measuring the rest-frame FIR spectral peak of
the sub-millimetre galaxies gives rise to poor constraints on their rest-frame
FIR luminosities and star formation rates. In this paper we describe
simulations that demonstrate how photometric redshifts derived from future
sub-millimetre experiments, in particular the Balloon-borne Large Aperture
Submillimetre Telescope and the Herschel satellite, can constrain the global
star formation rates for luminous galaxies [L(FIR) > 3 x 10^12 L(sun)] with an
accuracy of ~20% at redshifts 0.5 < z < 5.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148890 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation of D2/D4-Brane System in Noncommutative Gauge


  In this paper we construct the 2+1 effective theory of the light states in
D2/D4-brane system in the context of noncommutative Yang-Mills theory. This
effective theory is noncommutative and tachyonic, however, it is not taking the
form of an Abelian Higgs model as naively expected. We solve the classical
solutions of the effective theory which are nicely corresponding to different
states during the tachyon condensation process of the dissolution of D2-brane
into D4-brane. Among these solutions, we find there is none corresponding to
D0/D4 configurations which is known to be stable for the self-dual B-field
background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1773 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic properties of nonextensive thermodynamic


  Based on the Tsallis entropy, the nonextensive thermodynamic properties are
studied as a q-deformation of classical statistical results using only
probabilistic methods and straightforward calculations. It is shown that the
constant in the Tsallis entropy depends on the deformation parameter and must
be redefined to recover the usual thermodynamic relations. The notions of
variance and covariance are generalised. A partial derivative formula of the
entropy is established. It verifies important relations from which most of the
nonextensive thermodynamics relations can be recovered. This leads to a new
proof of a highly nontrivial conclusion that thermodynamic relations and
Maxwell relations in non extensive thermodynamic have the same forms as those
in ordinary nonextensive statistical mechanics. Theoretical results are applied
to ideal gas. The case of fermions and bosons systems with fractal
distributions is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3342 </DOCNO>
On the power spectrum of magnetization noise


  Understanding the power spectrum of the magnetization noise is a long
standing problem. While earlier work considered superposition of 'elementary'
jumps, without reference to the underlying physics, recent approaches relate
the properties of the noise with the critical dynamics of domain walls. In
particular, a new derivation of the power spectrum exponent has been proposed
for the random-field Ising model. We apply this approach to experimental data,
showing its validity and limitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114503 </DOCNO>
The effect of increasing the rate of repetitions of classical reactions


  Using quantum theory methods we discuss the general reversible reactions
$A_1+A_2+... A_r \leftrightarrow B_1+B_2+... +B_s$, where r and s are arbitrary
natural positive numbers, and show that if either direction of the reaction is
repeated a large number of times N, in a finite total time T, then in the limit
of very large N, keeping T constant, one remains with the initial reacting
particles of the repeated direction only. We also show that if the reaction
evolves through different possible paths of evolution, each of them beginning
at the same side of the reaction, proceeds through intermediate consecutive
different reactions and end at the other side, then one may realize any such
path by performing a large number of repetitions of the reactions along it. We
propose a numerical model to prove this for the specific reversible reaction
A+B \leftrightarrow A+C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96093 </DOCNO>
Sections along maps in field theories. The covariant field operators


  The ``time-evolution operator'' in mechanics is a powerful tool which can be
geometrically defined as a vector field along the Legendre map. It has been
extensively used by several authors for studying the structure and properties
of the dynamical systems (mainly the non-regular ones), such as the relation
between the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms, constraints, and
higher-order mechanics. This paper is devoted to defining a generalization of
this operator for field theories, in a covariant formulation. In order to do
this, we also use sections along maps, in particular multivector fields
(skew-symmetric contravariant tensor fields of order greater than 1), jet
fields and connection forms along the Legendre map. As a first relevant
property, we use these geometrical objects to obtain the solutions of the
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian field equations, and the equivalence among them
(specially for non-regular field theories).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148339 </DOCNO>
T-duality in the string theory effective action with a string source


  We consider the T-duality transformations of the low-energy quantum string
theory effective action in the presence of classical fundamental string source
and demonstrate explicitly that T-duality still holds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97690 </DOCNO>
On normed products of operator ideals which contain $\frak{L}_2$ as a


  We investigate quasi-Banach operator ideal products
$({\frak{A}}\circ{\frak{B}},\mathbf{A\circ B})$ which contain $(\frak{L}_2,
\mathbf{L}_2)$ as a factor. In particular, we ask for conditions which
guarantee that $\mathbf{A\circ B}$ is even a norm if each factor of the product
is a 1-Banach ideal. In doing so, we reveal the strong influence of the
existence of such a norm in relation to the accessibility of the product ideal
and the structure of its factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3806 </DOCNO>
Onset of Glassy Dynamics in a Two-Dimensional Electron System in Silicon


  The time-dependent fluctuations of conductivity \sigma have been studied in a
two-dimensional electron system in low-mobility, small-size Si inversion
layers. The noise power spectrum is ~1/f^{\alpha} with \alpha exhibiting a
sharp jump at a certain electron density n_s=n_g. An enormous increase in the
relative variance of \sigma is observed as n_s is reduced below n_g, reflecting
a dramatic slowing down of the electron dynamics. This is attributed to the
freezing of the electron glass. The data strongly suggest that glassy dynamics
persists in the metallic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3785 </DOCNO>
Vortex nucleation and quadrupole deformation of a rotating Bose-Einstein


  Using a semi-analytic model based on the Thomas-Fermi approximation, we
investigate the relevance of the quadrupole deformation of a trapped
Bose-Einstein condensate for the nucleation of quantized vortices. For
sufficiently high angular velocities $\Omega$ of the trap, the tendency of the
system to exhibit spontaneous deformation is shown to lower the barrier which
inhibits the nucleation of vortices at smaller $\Omega$. The corresponding
value of the critical angular velocity $\Omega_c$ is calculated as a function
of the deformation of the trap and of the chemical potential. The theoretical
predictions for $\Omega_c$ refer to the case of a sudden switch-on of the
deformed rotating trap and they are compared with recent experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7015 </DOCNO>
Atomic scale imaging and spectroscopy of the V_2O_3 (0001)-surface: bulk


  We present atomic scale images of a V_2O_3 (0001)-surface, which show that
the surface is susceptible to reconstruction by dimerization of vanadium ions.
The atomic order of the surface depends sensitively on the surface preparation.
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy proves a dimerized surface has a gap in the
electronic density of states at the Fermi energy, while a surface prepared by
sputtering and successive annealing shows no dimerization and no gap.
Photoemission spectra depend sensitively on the surface structure and are
consistent with scanning tunneling spectroscopy data. The measurements explain
inconsistencies in photoemission experiments performed on such oxides in the
past.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40738 </DOCNO>
Inter-W Bose-Einstein Correlations ... or Not?


  A critical summary is given of the present status of the study of
Bose-Einstein Correlations in W-pair production at LEP II. In particular, the
evidence is reviewed for or against the existence of Bose-Einstein correlations
between pions originating both from a different of the two W's. If present,
such an inter-W interference would not only form a potential bias in the
determination of the W mass, but also would provide a laboratory to measure the
space-time development of the overlap. If absent, this would drastically change
the conventional (Hanbury Brown and Twiss) picture of pion interferometry in
high energy physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4402 </DOCNO>
The role of symmetry on interface states in magnetic tunnel junctions


  When an electron tunnels from a metal into the barrier in a magnetic tunnel
junction it has to cross the interface. Deep in the metal the eigenstates for
the electron can be labelled by the point symmetry group of the bulk but around
the interface this symmetry is reduced and one has to use linear combinations
of the bulk states to form the eigenstates labelled by the irreducible
representations of the point symmetry group of the interface. In this way there
can be states localized at the interface which control tunneling. The
conclusions as to which are the dominant tunneling states are different from
that conventionally found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179134 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Matter EOS with a Three-body Force


  The effect of a microscopic three-body force on the saturation properties of
nuclear matter is studied within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach. The
calculations show a decisive improvement of the saturation density along with
an overall agreement with the empirical saturation point. With the three-body
force the symmetry energy turns more rapidly increasing with density, which
allows for the direct URCA process to occur in $\beta$-stable neutron star
matter. The influence of the three-body force on the nuclear mean field does
not diminish the role of the ground state correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6709 </DOCNO>
The Excitation Spectrum of a Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We report the first measurement of the excitation spectrum and the static
structure factor of a Bose-Einstein condensate. The excitation spectrum
displays a linear phonon regime, as well as a parabolic single-particle regime.
The linear regime provides an upper limit for the superfluid critical velocity,
by the Landau criterion. The excitation spectrum agrees well with the
Bogoliubov spectrum, in the local density approximation. This agreement
continues even for excitations close to the long-wavelength limit of the region
of applicability of the approximation. Feynman's relation between the
excitation spectrum and the static structure factor is verified, within an
overall constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95611 </DOCNO>
Semistable bundles on curves and reducible representations of the


  Bolibruch's examples of representations of pi_1(P^1-finitely many points)
which are not realizable by Fuchsian differential systems are adapted to curves
of higher genus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87109 </DOCNO>
Non strict and strict hyperbolic systems for the Einstein equations


  The integration of the Einstein equations split into the solution of
constraints on an initial space like 3 - manifold, an essentially elliptic
system, and a system which will describe the dynamical evolution, modulo a
choice of gauge. We prove in this paper that the simplest gauge choice leads to
a system which is causal, but hyperbolic non strict in the sense of Leray -
Ohya. We review some strictly hyperbolic systems obtained recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83632 </DOCNO>
Microplanning with Communicative Intentions: The SPUD System


  The process of microplanning encompasses a range of problems in Natural
Language Generation (NLG), such as referring expression generation, lexical
choice, and aggregation, problems in which a generator must bridge underlying
domain-specific representations and general linguistic representations. In this
paper, we describe a uniform approach to microplanning based on declarative
representations of a generator's communicative intent. These representations
describe the results of NLG: communicative intent associates the concrete
linguistic structure planned by the generator with inferences that show how the
meaning of that structure communicates needed information about some
application domain in the current discourse context. Our approach, implemented
in the SPUD (sentence planning using description) microplanner, uses the
lexicalized tree-adjoining grammar formalism (LTAG) to connect structure to
meaning and uses modal logic programming to connect meaning to context. At the
same time, communicative intent representations provide a resource for the
process of NLG. Using representations of communicative intent, a generator can
augment the syntax, semantics and pragmatics of an incomplete sentence
simultaneously, and can assess its progress on the various problems of
microplanning incrementally. The declarative formulation of communicative
intent translates into a well-defined methodology for designing grammatical and
conceptual resources which the generator can use to achieve desired
microplanning behavior in a specified domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98372 </DOCNO>
The Riemann problem with additional singularities


  The Riemann problem is studied in the case when the unknown function has
nonisolated singularities, concentrated on the real axis. The problem is used
for the factorization of functions, holomorphic outside of the unit circle and
the real axis, in the form of the product of two functions which have
singulariries on the given set of the real axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75576 </DOCNO>
Large N planar approximation and critical behavior of a SU(N) invariant


  A four-fermion model in 2+1 dimensions describing N Dirac fermions
interacting via SU(N) invariant N^2-1 four-fermion interactions is solved in
the leading order of the 1/N expansion. The 1/N expansion corresponds to 't
Hoofts topological 1/N expansion in which planar Feynman diagrams prevail. For
the symmetric phase of this model, it is argued that the planar expansion
corresponds to the ladder approximation. A truncated set of Schwinger-Dyson
equations for the fermion propagator and composite boson propagator
representing the relevant planar diagrams is solved analytically. The critical
four-fermion coupling and various critical exponents are determined as
functions of N. The universality class of this model turns out to be quite
distinct from the Gross-Neveu model in the large N limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76947 </DOCNO>
Predictions for azimuthal asymmetries in pion and kaon production in


  Predictions are made for azimuthal asymmetries in pion and kaon production
from SIDIS off a longitudinally polarized deuterium target for HERMES
kinematics, based on information on the 'Collins fragmentation function' from
DELPHI data and on predictions for the transversity distribution function from
non-perturbative calculations in the chiral quark-soliton model. There are no
free parameters in the approach, which has been already successfully applied to
explain the azimuthal asymmetries from SIDIS off polarized proton targets
observed by HERMES and SMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5833 </DOCNO>
Nonuniqueness and derivative discontinuities in density-functional


  Current-carrying and superconducting systems can be treated within
density-functional theory if suitable additional density variables (the current
density and the superconducting order parameter, respectively) are included in
the density-functional formalism. Here we show that the corresponding conjugate
potentials (vector and pair potentials, respectively) are {\it not} uniquely
determined by the densities. The Hohenberg-Kohn theorem of these generalized
density-functional theories is thus weaker than the original one. We give
explicit examples and explore some consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179315 </DOCNO>
Quantum rotors and their symmetries


  A connection between nuclear symmetries other than those of an ellipsoidal
nucleus and the properties of the implied rotational spectra are discussed. The
discussion is focussed on a few examples of exotic shapes predicted recently by
microscopic calculations. Some possible interpretation difficulties related to
experiment are shortly mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3382 </DOCNO>
Chern-Simons matrix model: coherent states and relation to Laughlin


  Using a coherent state representation we derive many-body probability
distributions and wavefunctions for the Chern-Simons matrix model proposed by
Polychronakos and compare them to the Laughlin ones. We analyze two different
coherent state representations, corresponding to different choices for electron
coordinate bases. In both cases we find that the resulting probability
distributions do not quite agree with the Laughlin ones. There is agreement on
the long distance behavior, but the short distance behavior is different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76465 </DOCNO>
Semitopological Q-Rings


  Semitopological Vortices (Q-Rings) are identified to be classical soliton
configurations whose stability is attributed to both topological and
nontopological charges. We discuss some recent work on the simplest possible
realization of such a configuration in a scalar field theory with an unbroken
U(1) global symmetry. We show that Q-Rings correspond to local minima of the
energy, exhibit numerical solutions of their field configurations and derive
virial theorems demonstrating their stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124049 </DOCNO>
Overconstrained dynamics in galaxy redshift surveys


  The least-action principle (LAP) method is used on four galaxy redshift
surveys to measure the density parameter Omega_m and the matter and
galaxy-galaxy power spectra. The datasets are PSCz, ORS, Mark III and SFI. The
LAP method is applied on the surveys simultaneously, resulting in an
overconstrained dynamical system that describes the cosmic overdensities and
velocity flows. The system is solved by relaxing the constraint that each
survey imposes upon the cosmic fields. A least-squares optimization of the
errors that arise in the process yields the cosmic fields and the value of
Omega_m that is the best fit to the ensemble of datasets. The analysis has been
carried out with a high-resolution Gaussian smoothing of 500 km/s and over a
spherical selected volume of radius 9,000 km/s. We have assigned a weight to
each survey, depending on their density of sampling, and this parameter
determines their relative influence in limiting the domain of the overall
solution. The influence of each survey on the final value of Omega_m, the
cosmographical features of the cosmic fields and the power spectra largely
depends on the distribution function of the errors in the relaxation of the
constraints. We find that PSCz and Mark III are closer to the final solution
than ORS and SFI. The likelihood analysis yields Omega_m= 0.37\pm 0.01 to
1sigma level. PSCz and SFI are the closest to this value, whereas ORS and Mark
III predict a somewhat lower Omega_m. The model of bias employed is a
scale-dependent one, and we retain up to 42 bias coefficients b_{rl} in the
spherical harmonics formalism. The predicted power spectra are estimated in the
range of wavenumbers 0.02-0.49h Mpc^{-1}, and we compare these results with
measurements recently reported in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7430 </DOCNO>
Scaling Analysis of Surfactant Templated Polyacrylamide Gel Surfaces


  Surfaces of surfactant-templated polyacrylamide hydrogels were imaged by
atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the surface morphology was studied by
numerical scaling analysis. The templated gels were formed by polymerizing
acrylamide plus a cross-linker in the presence of surfactants, which were then
removed by soaking in distilled water. Gels formed in the presence of over 20%
surfactant (by weight) formed clear, but became opaque upon removal of the
surfactants. Untemplated gels formed and remained clear. The surface morphology
of the gels was studied by several one- and two-dimensional numerical scaling
methods. The surfaces were found to be self-affine on short length scales, with
a roughness (Hurst) exponent in the range 0.85 to 1, crossing over to a
constant root-mean-square surface width on long scales. Both the crossover
length between these two regimes and the saturation value of the surface width
increased significantly with increasing surfactant concentration, coincident
with the increase in opacity. We propose that the changes in the surface
morphology are due to a percolation transition in the system of voids formed
upon removal of the surfactants from the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169375 </DOCNO>
Irreducibility of n-ary quantum information


  Quantum information is radically different from classical information in that
the quantum formalism (Hilbert space) makes necessary the introduction of
irreducible ``nits,'' n being an arbitrary natural number (bigger than one),
not just bits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127420 </DOCNO>
Distributed Data Acquisition System for Pachmarhi Array of Cerenkov


  Pachmarhi Array of \v Cerenkov Telescopes (PACT) consists of a 5$\times$5
array of \v Cerenkov telescopes deployed over an area of 100 $m$ $\times$ 80
$m$, in the form of a rectangular matrix. The experiment is based on
atmospheric \v Cerenkov technique using wavefront sampling technique. Each
telescope consists of 7 parabolic mirrors mounted para-axially on an equatorial
mount. At the focus of each mirror a fast phototube is mounted. In this
experiment a large number of parameters have to be measured and recorded from
each of the 175 phototubes in the shortest possible time. Further, the counting
rates from each phototube as well as the analog sum of the 7 phototubes from
each telescope (royal sum) need to be monitored at regular intervals during the
run. In view of the complexity of the system, the entire array is divided into
four smaller sectors each of which is handled by an independent field signal
processing centre (FSPC) housed in a control room that collects, processes and
records information from nearby six telescopes that belong to that sector. The
distributed data acquisition system (DDAS) developed for the purpose consists
of stand-alone sector data acquisition system (SDAS) in each of the four FSPC's
and a master data acquisition system (MDAS). MDAS running in the master signal
processing centre (MSPC) records data from each of the 25 telescopes. The data
acquisition and monitoring PCs (SDAS and MDAS) are networked through LAN. The
entire real time software for DDAS is developed in C under $linux$ environment.
Most of the hardware in DDAS are designed and fabricated in-house. The design
features and the performance of the entire system along with some other
auxiliary systems to facilitate the entire observations will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74083 </DOCNO>
Pair Production of Neutral Higgs Bosons through Noncommutative QED


  We study the feasibility of detecting noncommutative (NC) QED through neutral
Higgs boson (H) pair production at linear colliders (LC). This is based on the
assumption that H interacts directly with photon in NCQED as suggested by
symmetry considerations and strongly hinted by our previous study on
\pi^0-photon interactions. We find the following striking features as compared
to the standard model (SM) result: (1) generally larger cross sections for an
NC scale of order 1 TeV; (2) completely different dependence on initial beam
polarizations; (3) distinct distributions in the polar and azimuthal angles;
and (4) day-night asymmetry due to the Earth's rotation. These will help to
separate NC signals from those in the SM or other new physics at LC. We
emphasize the importance of treating properly the Lorentz noninvariance problem
and show how the impact of the Earth's rotation can be used as an advantage for
our purpose of searching for NC signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148259 </DOCNO>
Classical solutions in the Einstein-Born-Infeld-Abelian-Higgs model


  We consider the classical equations of the Born-Infeld-Abelian-Higgs model
(with and without coupling to gravity) in an axially symmetric ansatz. A
numerical analysis of the equations reveals that the (gravitating)
Nielsen-Olesen vortices are smoothly deformed by the Born-Infeld interaction,
characterized by a coupling constant $\beta^2$, and that these solutions cease
to exist at a critical value of $\beta^2$. When the critical value is
approached, the length of the magnetic field on the symmetry axis becomes
infinite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148377 </DOCNO>
Skyrmions, Fullerenes and Rational Maps


  We apply two very different approaches to calculate Skyrmions with baryon
number B less than 23. The first employs the rational map ansatz, where
approximate charge B Skyrmions are constructed from a degree B rational map
between Riemann spheres. We use a simulated annealing algorithm to search for
the minimal energy rational map of a given degree B. The second involves the
numerical solution of the full non-linear time dependent equations of motion,
with initial conditions consisting of a number of well separated Skyrmion
clusters. In general, we find a good agreement between the two approaches. For
B greater than 6 almost all the solutions are of fullerene type, that is, the
baryon density isosurface consists of twelve pentagons and 2B-14 hexagons
arranged in a trivalent polyhedron. There are exceptional cases where this
structure is modified, which we discuss in detail. We find that for a given
value of B there are often many Skyrmions, with different symmetries, whose
energies are very close to the minimal value, some of which we discuss. We
present rational maps which are good approximations to these Skyrmions and
accurately compute their energy by relaxation using the full non-linear
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40919 </DOCNO>
Charged-Lepton-Flavour Violation in the CMSSM in View of the Muon


  We use the BNL E821 measurement of g - 2, the anomalous magnetic moment of
the muon, to normalize, within a supersymmetric GUT framework, constrained MSSM
(CMSSM) predictions for processes that violate charged-lepton flavour
conservation, including mu to e gamma, mu to e conversion and K^0_L to mu e. We
illustrate our analysis with two examples of lepton mass matrix textures
motivated by data on neutrino oscillations. We find that mu to e gamma may well
occur at a rate within one or two (two or three) orders of magnitude of the
present experimental upper limit if g - 2 is within the one- (two-)standard
deviation range indicated by E821. We also find that mu to e conversion is
likely to occur at rate measurable by MECO, and there is a chance that K^0_L to
mu e may be observable in an experiment using an intense proton source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7065 </DOCNO>
Magneto-elastic Polarons and Superconductivity of Underdoped Cuprates


  Magneto-elastic Polarons and Superconductivity of Underdoped Cuprates HTS's
   G.Sergeeva
 NSC KIPT, Academicheskaya 1, Kharkov, 61108, Ukraine
  It is discussed some problems of normal states of high temperature
superconductors (HTS's) with d-wave pairing and next suppositions: 1) at
pseudogap temperature it occurs the dimensional crossover from 3D incoherent
normal state to quasi 2D system of Cu O2 layers; 2) "naked holes" are bed
quasiparticles for system with Janh-Teller and mixed valent Cu ions, strong
electron correlations and fluctuations, and inherent strong p-d hybridization
of copper and oxygen orbitals; 3) this leads to reducing of "naked holes" to
two types of magneto-elastic polarons. It is shown that one of them,
ferromagnetic bound polarons, lead to the formation of the stripes, and the
attraction between antiferromagnetic polarons lead to their pairing and to
superconducting fluctuations in plane. Some experimental evidences of the
observation of ferromagnetic bound polarons and of antiferromagnetic bipolarons
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75426 </DOCNO>
Apocalypse soon


  Based upon a simple vacuum Lagrangian, comprising cosmological and quadratic
scalar field terms, a cosmological model is presented whose history is
indistinguishable from that of an innocuous low-density cold dark matter (CDM)
universe, but whose future is very much shorter. For sensible values of the
deceleration parameter (0<q_0<1), its age is greater than 85% of the Hubble
time, thus resolving the current version of the age crisis, which appears
(appeared) to be that t_0 ~ H_0 while q_0 is significantly positive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 441 </DOCNO>
Sedimentation profiles of systems with reentrant melting behavior


  We examine sedimentation density profiles of star polymer solutions as an
example of colloidal systems in sedimentation equilibrium which exhibit
reentrant melting in their bulk phase diagram. Phase transitions between a
fluid and a fluid with an intercalated solid are observed below a critical
gravitational strength $\alpha^{*}$. Characteristics of the two fluid-solid
interfaces in the density profiles occurring in Monte Carlo simulations for
$\alpha < \alpha^{*}$ are in agreement with scaling laws put forth in the
framework of a phenomenological theory. Furthermore we detect density
oscillations at the fluid-gas interface at high altitudes for high
gravitational fields, which are verified with density functional theory and
should be observable in surface scattering experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41273 </DOCNO>
Pion Generalized Dipole Polarizabilities by Virtual Compton Scattering


  We present a calculation of the cross section and the event generator of the
reaction $\pi e\to \pi e \gamma$. This reaction is sensitive to the pion
generalized dipole polarizabilities, namely, the longitudinal electric
$\alpha_L(q^2)$, the transverse electric $\alpha_T(q^2)$, and the magnetic
$\beta(q^2)$ which, in the real-photon limit, reduce to the ordinary electric
and magnetic polarizabilities $\bar{\alpha}$ and $\bar{\beta}$, respectively.
The calculation of the cross section is done in the framework of chiral
perturbation theory at ${\cal O}(p^4)$. A pion VCS event generator has been
written which is ready for implementation in GEANT simulation codes or for
independent use.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98356 </DOCNO>
K-theory of hyperbolic 3-manifolds


  The subject of present note are relationships between certain class of
noncommutative C*-algebras and geometry of 3-dimensional manifolds which fiber
over the circle. We suggest a new classification of such manifolds which is
based on the K-theory of a C*-algebra coming from measured foliations and
geodesic laminations studied by Thurston et al. In the first part of the paper
a bijection between surface bundles with the pseudo-Anosov monodromy and
stationary Bratteli diagrams is established. In the second part, we apply the
elaborated calculus (rotation numbers, associated number fields) to estimate
the volume and Dehn surgery invariants of the 3-dimensional manifolds. In
particular, it is shown that the number of cusps is equal to the class number
of a real quadratic field associated to the manifold. This generalizes
Bianchi's formula for the imaginary quadratic fields known since 1892.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98257 </DOCNO>
Periodic points of quasianalytic Hamiltonian billiards


  We study absolutely periodic points and trajectories of Hamiltonian systems.
Our main result is a necessary and sufficient for a Hamiltonian system to have
the following property: if there exists one absolutely periodic trajectory then
all trajectories are periodic with the same period.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168726 </DOCNO>
Remote operations and interactions for systems of arbitrary dimensional


  We present a systematic simple method for constructing deterministic remote
operations on single and multiple systems of arbitrary discrete dimensionality.
These operations include remote rotations, remote interactions and
measurements. The resources needed for an operation on a two-level system are
one ebit and a bidirectional communication of two cbits, and for an n-level
system, a pair of entangled n-level particles and two classical ``nits''. In
the latter case, there are $n-1$ possible distinct operations per one n-level
entangled pair. Similar results apply for generating interaction between a pair
of remote systems and for remote measurements. We further consider remote
operations on $N$ spatially distributed systems, and show that the number of
possible distinct operations increases here exponentially, with the available
number of entangled pairs that are initial distributed between the systems. Our
results follow from the properties of a hybrid state-operator object
(``stator''), which describes quantum correlations between states and
operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97115 </DOCNO>
New Approach to Ohno Relation for Multiple Zeta Values


  Ohno's relation gives a large family of relations of the multiple zeta
values. We shall show functional relations of generating functions of Ohno's
relation. With these relations we present a new proof of Ohno's relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3344 </DOCNO>
The World of the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation


  The cubic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is one of the most-studied
nonlinear equations in the physics community.
 It describes a vast variety of phenomena from nonlinear waves to second-order
phase transitions, from superconductivity, superfluidity and Bose-Einstein
condensation to liquid crystals and strings in field theory. Our goal is to
give an overview of various phenomena described the complex Ginzburg-Landau
equation in one, two and three dimensions from the point of view of condensed
matter physicists. Our approach is to study the relevant solutions to get an
insight into nonequilibrium phenomena in spatially extended systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83633 </DOCNO>
Quantum Formulas: a Lower Bound and Simulation


  We show that Nechiporuk's method for proving lower bounds for Boolean
formulas can be extended to the quantum case. This leads to an $\Omega(n^2 /
\log^2 n)$ lower bound for quantum formulas computing an explicit function. The
only known previous explicit lower bound for quantum formulas states that the
majority function does not have a linear-size quantum formula. We also show
that quantum formulas can be simulated by Boolean circuits of almost the same
size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96326 </DOCNO>
Supplement 2 to the paper "Floating bundles and their applications"


  This paper is the supplement to the section 2 of the paper "Floating bundles
and their applications" (math.AT/0102054). Below we study some properties of
category, connected with cobordism rings of FBSP. In particular, we shall show
that it is the tensor category.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168965 </DOCNO>
A Proposed Quantum Low Density Parity Check Code


  We propose a new CSS code based on the finite geometry low density parity
check code of Kou, Lin, and Fossorier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40995 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Higgs search at LEP in channels other than four jets


  The LEP centre of mass energy has been increased since 1996 in the aim of
producing the Higgs boson. The SM Higgs boson search has been pursued in the
four LEP collaborations exploiting final states with higher branching ratios.
In the following we discuss the search in final states with two jets and
missing energy or charged leptons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 643 </DOCNO>
Turbulent Effects on Fluid Flow through Disordered Porous Media


  The influence of turbulent effects on a fluid flow through a (pseudo) porous
media is studied by numerically solving the set of Reynolds-averaged
Navier-Stokes equations with the $\kappa$-$\epsilon$ model for turbulence. The
spatial domains are two-dimensional rectangular grids with different {\it
porosities} obtained by the random placing of rigid obstacles. The objective of
the simulations is to access the behavior of the generalized friction factor
with varying Reynolds number. A good agreement with the Forchheimer's equation
is observed. The flow distribution at both low and high Reynolds conditions is
also analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113779 </DOCNO>
The Einstein-Hopf model within the realm of stochastic electrodynamics


  The fundamental Einstein-Hopf work that convinced the most part of
physicists, since it had appeared, to take quantum ideas seriously, is
reanalysed in this paper. We have studied the genesis of the work and have
found the conclusion made by Einstein and Hopf not so unambiguous. There may
exist classical, not quantum interpretations of the result. T. H. Boyer
proposed one of those in 1969. Unfortunately, his derivation contains a
loophole in its argument. We propose here a new classical derivation of
Planck's radiation law, with the Einstein-Hopf model being used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97077 </DOCNO>
Diffraction of weighted lattice subsets


  A Dirac comb of point measures in Euclidean space with bounded complex
weights that is supported on a lattice inherits certain general properties from
the lattice structure. In particular, its autocorrelation admits a
factorization into a continuous function and the uniform lattice Dirac comb,
and its diffraction measure is periodic, with the dual lattice as lattice of
periods. This statement remains true in the setting of a locally compact
Abelian group that is also $\sigma$-compact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97653 </DOCNO>
Differential geometry of fibre bundles over foliated manifolds


  Any leafwise connection on a fibre bundle over a foliated manifold is proved
to come from a connection on this fibre bundle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149543 </DOCNO>
Cohomogeneity One Manifolds of Spin(7) and G(2) Holonomy


  In this paper, we look for metrics of cohomogeneity one in D=8 and D=7
dimensions with Spin(7) and G_2 holonomy respectively. In D=8, we first
consider the case of principal orbits that are S^7, viewed as an S^3 bundle
over S^4 with triaxial squashing of the S^3 fibres. This gives a more general
system of first-order equations for Spin(7) holonomy than has been solved
previously. Using numerical methods, we establish the existence of new
non-singular asymptotically locally conical (ALC) Spin(7) metrics on line
bundles over \CP^3, with a non-trivial parameter that characterises the
homogeneous squashing of CP^3. We then consider the case where the principal
orbits are the Aloff-Wallach spaces N(k,\ell)=SU(3)/U(1), where the integers k
and \ell characterise the embedding of U(1). We find new ALC and AC metrics of
Spin(7) holonomy, as solutions of the first-order equations that we obtained
previously in hep-th/0102185. These include certain explicit ALC metrics for
all N(k,\ell), and numerical and perturbative results for ALC families with AC
limits. We then study D=7 metrics of $G_2$ holonomy, and find new explicit
examples, which, however, are singular, where the principal orbits are the flag
manifold SU(3)/(U(1)\times U(1)). We also obtain numerical results for new
non-singular metrics with principal orbits that are S^3\times S^3. Additional
topics include a detailed and explicit discussion of the Einstein metrics on
N(k,\ell), and an explicit parameterisation of SU(3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 875 </DOCNO>
The role of electronic correlation in the Si(100) reconstruction: a


  Recent low-temperature scanning tunneling experiments have challenged the
generally accepted picture of buckled silicon dimers as the ground state
reconstruction of the Si(100) surface. Together with the symmetric dimer model
of the surface suggested by quantum chemistry calculations on small clusters,
these findings question our general understanding of electronic correlations at
surfaces and its proper description within density functional theory. We
present quantum Monte Carlo calculations on large cluster models of the
symmetric and buckled surface, and conclude that buckling remains energetically
more favorable even when the present-day best treatment of electronic
correlation is employed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129161 </DOCNO>
A search for radio emission from Galactic supersoft X-ray sources


  We have made a deep search for radio emission from all the northern
hemisphere supersoft X-ray sources using the VLA and MERLIN telescopes, at 5
and 8.4 GHz. Three previously undetected sources: T Pyx, V1974 Cygni and RX
J0019.8+2156 were imaged in quiescence using the VLA in order to search for any
persistent emission. No radio emission was detected in any of the VLA fields
down to a typical 1 sigma RMS noise of 20 uJy/beam, however, 17 new point
sources were detected in the fields with 5 GHz fluxes between 100 and 1500 uJy
giving an average 100 uJy-source density of around 200 per square degree,
comparable to what was found in the MERLIN HDF survey. The persistent source AG
Draconis was observed by MERLIN to provide a confirmation of previous VLA
observations and to investigate the source at a higher resolution. The core is
resolved at the milliarcsec scale into two components which have a combined
flux of around 1 mJy. It is possible that we are detecting nebulosity which is
becoming resolved out by the higher MERLIN resolution. We have investigated
possible causes of radio emission from a wind environment, both directly from
the secondary star, and also as a consequence of the high X-ray luminosity from
the white dwarf. There is an order of magnitude discrepancy between observed
and modelled values which can be explained by the uncertainty in fundamental
quantities within these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168742 </DOCNO>
Optimal sequence of POVMs in the sense of Stein's lemma in quantum


  In this paper, we give another proof of quantum Stein's lemma by calculating
the information spectrum, and study an asymptotic optimal measurement in the
sense of Stein's lemma. We propose a projection measurement characterized by
the irreducible representation theory of the special linear group SL(H).
Specially, in spin 1/2 system, it is realized by a simultaneous measurement of
the total momentum and a momentum of a specified direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97497 </DOCNO>
Representation of Infinitely Differentiable Functions by Dirichlet


  The problem of representation of elements of weighted space of infinitely
differentiable functions on real line by exponential series is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179163 </DOCNO>
$\gamma$-Radiation of Excited Nuclear Discrete Levels in Peripheral


  We study a new process of peripheral heavy ion collisions in which a nucleus
is excited to the discrete state and then emits $\gamma$-rays. Doppler effect
at large nuclear Lorentz factor allows to observe the high energy photons. On
one hand it gives a significant background of $\gamma$-rays in the nuclear
fragmentation region and on the other hand it can be used for the nuclear beam
intensity monitoring by TOTEM CMS. We show that a two stage process, in which
at first the electron positron pair is produced by virtual photons of nucleus
and then the electron (positron) excites the nucleus has large cross-section
about 5 barn. The energy and angular distributions of the secondary photons
emitted by nucleus in such process is calculated. The secondary photons have
the energies up to 26 GeV and fly to the angles of a few hundred mikroradians
along the beam direction for Ca-Ca collisions at LHC energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126807 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of gravitational clustering I. Building perturbative expansions


  We develop a systematic method to obtain the solution of the collisionless
Boltzmann equation which describes the growth of large-scale structures as a
perturbative series over the initial density perturbations. We give an explicit
calculation of the second-order terms which are shown to agree with the results
obtained from the hydrodynamical description of the system. Then, we explain
that this identity extends to all orders of perturbation theory and that the
perturbative series actually diverge for hierarchical scenarios. However, since
the collisionless Boltzmann equation provides the exact description of the
dynamics (including the non-linear regime) these results may serve as a basis
for a study of the non-linear regime. In particular, we derive a
non-perturbative quadratic integral equation which explicitly relates the
actual non-linear distribution function to the initial conditions (more
precisely, to the linear growing mode). This allows us to write an explicit
path-integral expression for the probability distribution of the exact
non-linear density field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5802 </DOCNO>
Chaotic Scattering of Microwaves


  In this paper we analyze a recent experiment conducted in an anechoic
chamber, where the scattering of microwaves from an array of metallic cylinders
was measured. This is a system which displays chaotic scattering in the short
wave limit. The analysis of the experimental data is aimed at elucidating the
effects of the underlying chaos. We describe a robust numerical method which
provides the scattering matrix for any number of non overlapping reflecting
cylinders. We use this method to calculate the scattering from one, two and
three cylinders, and to compare the results in the numerical simulations with
those obtained in the experiment. Both simulations and measurements validate
the presented theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113714 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic Fluid Approach to the Coherent Beam-Beam Interaction


  Building on the Radon transform of the Vlasov-Poisson equations, a
macroscopic fluid model for the coherent beam-beam interaction has been
developed. It is shown that the Vlasov equation, expressed in action-angle
variables, can be reduced to a closed set of hydrodynamic (fluid) equations for
the beam density and current velocity. The linearized one dimensional equations
have been analysed, and explicit expressions for the coherent beam-beam
tuneshifts are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126320 </DOCNO>
The Distribution of Pressures in a Supernova-Driven Interstellar Medium


  Observations have suggested substantial departures from pressure equilibrium
in the interstellar medium (ISM) in the plane of the Galaxy, even on scales
under 50 pc. Nevertheless, multi-phase models of the ISM assume at least
locally isobaric gas. The pressure then determines the density reached by gas
cooling to stable thermal equilibrium. We use two different sets of numerical
models of the ISM to examine the consequences of supernova driving for
interstellar pressures. The first set of models is hydrodynamical, and uses
adaptive mesh refinement to allow computation of a 1 x 1 x 20 kpc section of a
stratified galactic disk. The second set of models is magnetohydrodynamical,
using an independent code framework, and examines a 200 pc cubed periodic
domain threaded by magnetic fields. Both of these models show broad pressure
distributions with roughly log-normal functional forms produced by both shocks
and rarefaction waves, rather than the power-law distributions predicted by
previous work, with rather sharp thermal pressure gradients. The width of the
distribution of the logs of pressure in gas with log T < 3.9 is proportional to
the rms Mach number in that gas, while the distribution in hotter gas is
broader, but not so broad as would be predicted by the Mach numbers in that
gas. Individual parcels of gas reach widely varying points on the thermal
equilibrium curve: no unique set of phases is found, but rather a
dynamically-determined continuum of densities and temperatures. Furthermore, a
substantial fraction of the gas remains entirely out of thermal equilibrium.
Our results appear consistent with observations of interstellar pressures, and
suggest that the pressures observed in molecular clouds may be due to ram
pressure rather than gravitational confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128672 </DOCNO>
A Fast, Accurate and Robust Algorithm For Transferring Radiation in


  We have developed an algorithm for transferring radiation in
three-dimensional space. The algorithm computes radiation source and sink terms
using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, based on a formulation in which
the integral of any quantity (such as emissivity or opacity) over any volume
may be written in the classic convolution form. The algorithm is fast with the
computational time scaling as N (log N)^2, where N is the number of grid points
of a simulation box, independent of the number of radiation sources.
Furthermore, in this formulation one can naturally account for both local
radiation sources and diffuse background as well as any extra external sources,
all in a self-consistent fashion. Finally, the algorithm is completely stable
and robust.
  While the algorithm is generally applicable, we test it on a set of problems
that encompass a wide range of situations in cosmological applications,
demonstrating that the algorithm is accurate. These tests show that the
algorithm produces results that are in excellent agreement with analytic
expectations in all cases. In particular, radiation flux is guaranteed to
propagate in the right direction, with the ionization fronts traveling at the
correct speed with an error no larger than one cell for all the cases tested.
The total number of photons is conserved in the worst case at 10% level and
typically at 1-5% level over hundreds of time steps. As an added advantage, the
accuracy of the results depends weakly on the size of the time step, with a
typical cosmological hydrodynamic time step being sufficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124139 </DOCNO>
Evolution of spiral shocks in U Gem during outburst


  Time resolved spectroscopic observations of U Gem during its March 2000
outburst show strong spiral shocks in the accretion disk. During the plateau at
maximum brightness the spiral shocks contribute 14% to the total He II flux.
The two arms of the spiral show a distinctly different evolution during the
outburst and decline, which indicates an asymmetric evolution in the disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87172 </DOCNO>
Topological Vacuum of the Closed Universe as a Gauging Factor


  The only known general base to eliminate the vacuum divergencies of quantized
material fields in quantum geometrodynamics is the fermion-boson supersymmetry.
The topological effect of the closed Universe - discretization of the vacuum
fluctuations spectra - allows to formulate the conditions of the mutual
compensation of the divergencies. In the center of attention of this work is
the fact that these conditions result in the considerable restrictions on the
gauge and factor-ordering ambiguities peculiar to the equations of the theory,
and in the limits of the isotropic model of the Universe remove these
ambiguities at all.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5839 </DOCNO>
de Haas-van Alphen Effect in the Two-Dimensional and the


  We study the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillation in two-dimensional and
quasi-two-dimensional systems. We give a general formula of the dHvA
oscillation in two-dimensional multi-band systems. By using this formula, the
dHvA oscillation and its temperature-dependence for the two-band system are
shown. By introducing the interlayer hopping $t_z$, we examine the crossover
from the two-dimension, where the oscillation of the chemical potential plays
an important role in the magnetization oscillation, to the three-dimension,
where the oscillation of the chemical potential can be neglected as is well
know as the Lifshitz and Kosevich formula. The crossover is seen at $4 t_z \sim
8 ta b H /\phi_0$, where a and b are lattice constants, $\phi_0$ is the flux
quantum and 8t is the width of the total energy band. We also study the dHvA
oscillation in quasi-two-dimensional magnetic breakdown systems. The quantum
interference oscillations such as $\beta-\alpha$ oscillation as well as the
fundamental oscillations are suppressed by the interlayer hopping $t_z$, while
the $\beta+\alpha$ oscillation gradually increases as $t_z$ increases and it
has a maximum at $t_z/t\approx 0.025$. This interesting dependence on the
dimensionality can be observed in the quasi-two-dimensional organic conductors
with uniaxial pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126508 </DOCNO>
Density waves in the central regions of galaxies


  Density waves in the central kpc of galaxies, taking the form of spirals,
bars and/or lopsided density distributions are potential actors of the
redistribution of angular momentum. They thus play an important role in the
overall evolution of the central structures, not mentioning the possible link
with the active/non-active nucleus. I present here kinematical evidences for
the presence of such structures using new sets of observations: two-dimensional
(OASIS/CFHT) and long-slit (ISAAC/VLT) spectrography of nuclear bars and
spirals. I also discuss the importance of $m=1$ modes in the nuclear regions of
galaxies, illustrating this with newly revealed cases and original N body
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41285 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic corrections to gamma pi(+) -> pi(0) pi(+)


  The amplitude for the anomalous transitions gamma pi(+) -> pi(0) pi(+) is
analyzed within Chiral Perturbation Theory including electromagnetic
interactions. The presence of a t-channel one-photon exchange contribution
induces sizeable e^2 corrections which enhance the cross-section in the
threshold region and bring the theoretical prediction into agreement with
available data. In the case of the crossed reaction gamma pi(0) -> pi(+) pi(-),
the same contribution appears in the s-channel and its effects are small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148125 </DOCNO>
Topologically Induced Instability in String Theory


  Using the generalised AdS/CFT correspondence, we show that there are certain
ten-dimensional differentiable manifolds such that string theory on such a
manifold is unstable [to the emission of "large branes"] no matter what the
metric may be. The instability is thus due to the [differential] topology of
the manifold, not to any particular choice of its geometry. We propose a
precise criterion for this "topology selection mechanism", and prove it in many
cases. The techniques employed may be useful in more general cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74275 </DOCNO>
On the theoretical uncertainties in the muon anomalous magnetic moment


  I present a fairly detailed discussion of various contributions to the
anomalous magnetic moment of the muon a_mu. I try to give an unbiased
evaluation of the validity of the SM prediction for this quantity and to point
out some delicate issues involved in its calculation. I conclude that the
theory uncertainties in the SM prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic
moment are underestimated and a great deal of work will be required to reduce
these uncertainties to the level required by experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127408 </DOCNO>
The coincidence and angular clustering of Chandra and SCUBA sources


  We explore the relationship between the hard X-ray and sub-mm populations
using deep Chandra observations of a large, contiguous SCUBA survey. In
agreement with other recent findings, we confirm that the direct overlap is
small. Of the 17 sub-mm sources detected above a significance of 3.5 sigma at
850 microns, only one is coincident with a Chandra source (2/36 if the SCUBA
detection threshold is relaxed to 3 sigma). We conclude that the majority of
SCUBA sources are not powered by AGN, unless the central engine is obscured by
Compton-thick material with a low (<1 per cent) scattered component.
Furthermore, since Chandra detects only 5 per cent of SCUBA sources, the
typical obscuration would need to be almost isotropic. The X-ray upper limits
are so strong that in most cases we can also rule out a starburst SED at low
redshift, suggesting that the majority of SCUBA sources lie at z>1 even if they
are purely starburst galaxies. Despite the low detection rate, we find evidence
for strong angular clustering between the X-ray and sub-mm populations. The
implication is that AGN and SCUBA sources trace the same large-scale structure
but do not generally coincide. If bright sub-mm sources represent massive
elliptical galaxies in formation, we suggest that (for a given galaxy) the
major episode of star-formation must be essentially distinct from the onset of
observable quasar activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86838 </DOCNO>
R=0 spacetimes and self-dual Lorentzian wormholes


  A two-parameter family of spherically symmetric, static Lorentzian wormholes
is obtained as the general solution of the equation $\rho=\rho_t=0$, where
$\rho = T_{ij} u^iu^j$, $\rho_t = (T_{ij} - {1\over2} T g_{ij}) u^iu^j$, and
$u^i u_i =- 1$. This equation characterizes a class of spacetimes which are
``self dual'' (in the sense of electrogravity duality). The class includes the
Schwarzschild black hole, a family of naked singularities, and a disjoint
family of Lorentzian wormholes, all of which have vanishing scalar curvature
(R=0). Properties of these spacetimes are discussed. Using isotropic
coordinates we delineate clearly the domains of parameter space for which
wormholes, nakedly singular spacetimes and the Schwarzschild black hole can be
obtained. A model for the required ``exotic'' stress-energy is discussed, and
the notion of traversability for the wormholes is also examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99192 </DOCNO>
Integration motivique sur les schemas formels


  We develop the theory of motivic integration for formal schemes

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74940 </DOCNO>
Bell inequality and CP violation in the neutral kaon system


  For the entangled neutral kaon system we formulate a Bell inequality
sensitive to CP violation in mixing. Via this Bell inequality we obtain a bound
on the leptonic CP asymmetry which is violated by experimental data.
Furthermore, we connect the Bell inequality with a decoherence approach and
find a lower bound on the decoherence parameter which practically corresponds
to Furry's hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73005 </DOCNO>
Spin-Dependent Structure Functions of the Photon


  The implications of the positivity constraint on the presently unknown
polarized structure function of the photon, $g_1^{\gamma}(x,Q^2)$, are studied
in detail. In particular the non-trivial consequences of this constraint,
$|g_1^{\gamma}(x,Q^2)|\leq F_1^{\gamma}(x,Q^2)$, in the next-to-leading order
analysis of $g_1^{\gamma}$ are pointed out by employing appropriate (DIS)
factorization schemes related to $g_1^{\gamma}$ and $F_1^{\gamma}$ (rather than
to $F_2^{\gamma}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179414 </DOCNO>
Effective boost and "point-form" approach


  Triangle Feynman diagrams can be considered as describing form factors of
states bound by a zero-range interaction. These form factors are calculated for
scalar particles and compared to point-form and non-relativistic results. By
examining the expressions of the complete calculation in different frames, we
obtain an effective boost transformation which can be compared to the
relativistic kinematical one underlying the present point-form calculations, as
well as to the Galilean boost. The analytic expressions obtained in this simple
model allow a qualitative check of certain results obtained in similar studies.
In particular, a mismatch is pointed out between recent practical applications
of the point-form approach and the one originally proposed by Dirac.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150256 </DOCNO>
Unstable solitons on noncommutative tori and D-branes


  We describe a class of exact solutions of super Yang-Mills theory on
even-dimensional noncommutative tori. These solutions generalize the solitons
on a noncommutative plane introduced in hep-th/0009142 that are conjectured to
describe unstable D2p-D0 systems. We show that the spectrum of quadratic
fluctuations around our solutions correctly reproduces the string spectrum of
the D2p-D0 system in the Seiberg-Witten decoupling limit. In particular the
fluctuations correctly reproduce the 0-0 string winding modes. For p=1 and p=2
we match the differences between the soliton energy and the energy of an
appropriate SYM BPS state with the binding energies of D2-D0 and D4-D0 systems.
We also give an example of a soliton that we conjecture describes branes of
intermediate dimension on a torus such as a D2-D4 system on a four-torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98283 </DOCNO>
On a Subfactor Construction of a Factor Non Anti-Isomorphic to Itself


  We give a subfactor construction for a $II_{1}$ factor M which is not
anti-isomorphic to itself. The $II_{1}$ factor we consider is essentially the
same as the example previously given by Connes. However, our construction uses
the recently developed theory of free group factors. We show that there exists
an inclusion of $II_{1}$ factors $A\subset B$ which by iteration of the Jones
basic construction produces $M$ as the enveloping algebra. Here A is a free
group factor and B is isomorphic to the crossed product of A by an action of a
finite group. By using a Connes' argument involving the invariant $\chi (M)$,
we verify that $M$ is not anti--isomorphic to itself.
  Publication of this manuscript is funded in part by the National Science
Foundation. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. DMS--9810361.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3777 </DOCNO>
Holon edge states in organic conductors (TMTTF)2X in the charge-gap


  Using the bosonization technique, which separates charge and spin degrees of
freedom, we study a possibility of formation of the holon edge states in a
one-dimensional electron system with an energy gap in the charge sector. The
results are applied to the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductors (TMTTF)2X.
The different roles of the bond and site dimerizations in this material are
discussed. We predict that the holon edge states should appear below the
temperature of the recently discovered ferroelectric transition, where the
inorganic anions X displace to asymmetric positions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96779 </DOCNO>
An update on harmonic maps of finite uniton number, via the zero


  This is primarily a survey of the developments in the theory of harmonic maps
of finite uniton number (or unitons) which have taken place since the
introduction of extended solutions by Uhlenbeck. Such maps include all harmonic
maps from the two-sphere to a compact Lie group or symmetric space. Extended
solutions are equivalent to harmonic maps, but the advantage of extended
solutions is the fact that they are solutions to a zero curvature equation. The
closely related complex extended solutions (or complex extended frames) are in
fact even more advantageous, as has been pointed out by Dorfmeister, Pedit and
Wu. We use them to review the existing theory and also to prove some new
results concerning harmonic maps into the unitary group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76979 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation modes in color-superconductors


  We investigate fluctuation effects of a gap parameter in
color-superconductors. The fluctuation modes in the super phase are described
by two scalar fields of diquarks. One of them is a Nambu-Goldstone boson and
the other is a diquark boson whose mass is about twice of the gap energy (an
extended quasi-supersymmetry). In the normal phase the fluctuation becomes a
precursory (soft) mode whose amplitude increases near the critical temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73651 </DOCNO>
Polarized photons in radiative muon capture


  We discuss the measurement of polarized photons arising from radiative muon
capture. The spectrum of left circularly polarized photons or equivalently the
circular polarization of the photons emitted in radiative muon capture on
hydrogen is quite sensitive to the strength of the induced pseudoscalar
coupling constant $g_P$. A measurement of either of these quantities, although
very difficult, might be sufficient to resolve the present puzzle resulting
from the disagreement between the theoretical prediction for $g_P$ and the
results of a recent experiment. This sensitivity results from the absence of
left-handed radiation from the muon line and from the fact that the leading
parts of the radiation from the hadronic lines, as determined from the chiral
power counting rules of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory, all contain
pion poles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126755 </DOCNO>
Coupling emitted light and chemical yields from stars: a basic


  In this paper we emphasize the close connection between the chemical and
spectrophotometric evolution of stellar systems: Chemical yields from stars
correspond to a precise fraction of their emitted light. We translate this
concept quantitatively. Starting from simple stellar populations, we derive
useful analytical relations to calculate the stellar fuel consumption (emitted
light) as a function of basic quantities predicted by stellar models, i.e. the
mass of the core and the chemical composition of the envelope. The final
formulas explicate the relation between integrated light contribution (total or
limited to particular evolutionary phases), chemical yields and stellar
remnants. We test their accuracy in the case of low- and intermediate-mass
stars, and indicate the way to extend the analysis to massive stars. This
formalism provides an easy tool to check the internal consistency between the
different stellar inputs adopted in galaxy models: The fuel computed by means
of the analytical formulas (corresponding to a given set of chemical yields)
should be compared to the exact values given by the luminosity integration
along the stellar evolutionary tracks or isochrones (corresponding to a given
set of spectrophotometric models). Only if both estimates of the fuel are
similar, the stellar inputs can be considered self-consistent in terms of their
energetics. This sets an important requirement to galaxy models, also in
consideration of the fact that different sources of input stellar data are
frequently used to model their spectro-photometric and chemical evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75187 </DOCNO>
Update on Solar and Atmospheric Four-Neutrino Oscillations


  In this talk we present the update (including the recent SNO results) of our
analysis of the neutrino oscillation solutions of the solar and atmospheric
neutrino problems in the framework of four-neutrino mixing where a sterile
neutrino is added to the three standard ones and the mass spectra present two
separated doublets. Such scenarios allow for simultaneous transitions of solar
$\nu_e$, as well as atmospheric $\nu_\mu$, into a combination of active and
sterile neutrinos. We evaluate the allowed active-sterile admixture in both
solar and atmospheric oscillations from the combined analysis. Our results show
that, although the Super-Kamiokande data disfavour both the pure
$\nu_\mu\to\nu_s$ atmospheric channel and, in combination with SNO, the pure
$\nu_e\to\nu_s$ solar channel, the result from the combined analysis still
favours close-to-pure active and sterile oscillations and disfavours
oscillations into a near-maximal active-sterile admixture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 156 </DOCNO>
Electron confinement and optical enhancement in Si/SiO$_2$ superlattices


  We have performed first-principles calculations of Si/SiO$_2$ superlattices
in order to examine their electronic states, confinement and optical
transitions, using linearized-augmented-plane-wave techniques and
density-functional theory. Two atomic models having fairly simple interface
structure are considered; they differ in the way dangling bonds at interfaces
are satisfied. We compare our first-principles band structures with those from
tight-binding calculations. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric
function are calculated at the Fermi-Golden-rule level and used to estimate the
absorption coefficients. Confinement is confirmed by the dispersionless
character of the electronic band structures in the growth direction. Optical
enhancement is shown to exist by comparing the direct and indirect transitions
in the band structures with the related transitions in bulk-Si. The role played
by the interface on the optical properties is assessed by comparing the
absorption coefficients from the two models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124234 </DOCNO>
The ATESP Radio Survey IV. Optical Identifications and Spectroscopy in


  (Abridged) This paper is the fourth of a series reporting the results of the
ATESP 1.4 GHz radio survey. The survey covers a region of ~26 sq. degrees at
decl. -40 degr. and has produced a catalogue of 2967 radio sources down to ~0.5
mJy (6sigma). In this paper we present the optical identifications over a 3 sq.
degr. region of the public ESO Imaging Survey. In this region deep photometry
and 95% complete object catalogues in the I band are available down to I~22.5.
These data allowed us to identify 57% of the ATESP sources present in the
region (219/386). For a magnitude limited sample of 70 identified sources with
I<19.0 we have obtained spectroscopy at the ESO 3.6 m telescope. This data
allowed us to get redshifts and spectral classification for all sources (except
one). From the analysis of the spectroscopic sample we find that the
composition of the faint radio population abruptly changes going from mJy to
sub-mJy fluxes: the early type galaxies largely dominate the mJy population
(60%), while star forming processes become important in the sub-mJy regime.
Starburst and post-starburst galaxies go from 13% at S>1 mJy to 39% at S<1 mJy.
Nevertheless, at sub-mJy fluxes, early type galaxies still constitute a
significant fraction (25%) of the whole population. We also show that, due to
the distribution of radio to optical ratios, sub-mJy samples with fainter
spectroscopic follow-ups should be increasingly sensitive to the population of
early type galaxies, while a larger fraction of star-forming galaxies would be
expected in microJy samples. We compare our results with others obtained from
studies of sub-mJy samples and we show how the existing discrepancies can be
explained in terms of selection effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76809 </DOCNO>
A Colored Zoo of Quasi-particles and Light Glueballs


  I briefly review the effective Lagrangians for three and two flavors QCD
describing the relevant color superconductive light degrees of freedom and
their electroweak interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179649 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Models for the Particle-Vibration Coupling in Exotic Nuclei


  Recent results obtained, often in fruitful collaboration with Japanese
colleagues in the study of the interplay between single-particle and collective
degrees of freedom are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149311 </DOCNO>
Refined Algebraic Quantization of Constrained Systems with Structure


  The method of refined algebraic quantization of constrained systems which is
based on modification of the inner product of the theory rather than on
imposing constraints on the physical states is generalized to the case of
constrained systems with structure functions and open gauge algebras. A new
prescription for inner product for the open-algebra systems is suggested. It is
illustrated on a simple example. The correspondence between refined algebraic
and BRST-BFV quantizations is investigated for the case of nontrivial structure
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 159 </DOCNO>
Phase ordering of two-dimensional symmetric binary fluids: a droplet


  The late-stage phase ordering, in $d=2$ dimensions, of symmetric fluid
mixtures violates dynamical scaling. We show however that, even at 50/50 volume
fractions, if an asymmetric droplet morphology is initially present then this
sustains itself, throughout the viscous hydrodynamic regime, by a
`coalescence-induced coalescence' mechanism. Scaling is recovered (with length
scale $l \sim t$, as in $d=3$). The crossover to the inertial hydrodynamic
regime is delayed even longer than in $d=3$; on entering it, full symmetry is
finally restored and we find $l\sim t^{2/3}$, regardless of the initial state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41300 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model and Prospects for SUSY


  We perform a complete analysis of the supersymmetric particle spectrum in the
Minimal Supergravity (mSUGRA) model where the soft SUSY breaking scalar masses,
gaugino masses and trilinear couplings are unified at the GUT scale, so that
the electroweak symmetry is broken radiatively. We show that the present
constraints on the Higgs boson and superparticle masses from collider searches
and precision measurements still allow for large regions of the mSUGRA
parameter space where charginos, neutralinos, sleptons and top squarks as well
as the heavier Higgs particles, are light enough to be produced at the next
generation of $\ee$ linear colliders with center of mass energy around
$\sqrt{s} \sim 800$ GeV, with sizeable cross sections. An important part of
this parameter space remains even when we require that the density of the
lightest neutralinos left over from the Big Bang, which we calculate using
standard assumptions, falls in the range favored by current determinations of
the Dark Matter density in the Universe. Already at a c.m. energy of 500 GeV,
SUSY particles can be accessible in some parameter range, and if the energy is
increased to $\sqrt{s} \simeq 1.2$ TeV, the $e^+e^-$ collider will have a reach
for high precision studies of SUSY particles in a range that is comparable to
the discovery range of the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72987 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative improvement and tree-level correction of the quark


  We extend an earlier study of the Landau gauge quark propagator in quenched
QCD where we used two forms of the O(a)-improved propagator with the
Sheikholeslami-Wohlert quark action. In the present study we use the
nonperturbative value for the clover coefficient c_sw and mean-field
improvement coefficients in our improved quark propagators. We compare this to
our earlier results which used the mean-field c_sw and tree-level improvement
coefficients for the propagator. We also compare three different
implementations of tree-level correction: additive, multiplicative, and hybrid.
We show that the hybrid approach is the most robust and reliable and can
successfully deal even with strong ultraviolet behavior and zero-crossing of
the lattice tree-level expression. We find good agreement between our improved
quark propagators when using the appropriate nonperturbative improvement
coefficients and hybrid tree-level correction. We also present a simple
extrapolation of the quark mass function to the chiral limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149265 </DOCNO>
Type IIB supergravity compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold with


  We discuss the compactification of type IIB supergravity on a Calabi-Yau
manifold in the presence of both RR and NS fluxes for the three-form fields. We
obtain the classical potential both by direct compactification and by using the
techniques of N=2 gauged supergravity in four-dimensions. We briefly discuss
the properties of such potential and compare the result with previous
derivations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124377 </DOCNO>
The DIRECT Project: Influence of Blending on the Cepheid Distance Scale.


  We investigate the influence of blending on the Cepheid distance scale.
Blending is the close association of a Cepheid with one or more intrinsically
luminous stars. High-resolution HST images are compared to our ground-based
data, obtained as part of the DIRECT project, for a sample of 102 Cepheids in
the M33 galaxy. The average (median) flux contribution from luminous companions
not resolved on the ground-based images in the B, V and I bands (S_B, S_V, S_I)
is about 29% (15%), 24% (14%), 30% (21%) of the flux of the Cepheid. For 64
Cepheids with periods in excess of 10 days the average (median) values of S_B,
S_V, S_I are 20% (10%), 16% (7%), 23% (14%). This shows that, depending on the
sample of objects chosen, the distance derived from our ground-based V-band
magnitudes for the M33 Cepheids would be systematically underestimated by about
8%-11% (3%-6%). Using artificial star tests we study crowding and blending as
separate phenomena. These tests indicate that the effect of blending could be
more significant than crowding in regions of lower surface brightness, below
21.6 mag/arcsec^2. We also find indications that in the case of long period
Cepheids (P>10^d) companions from blending are on average bluer than companions
introduced by crowding. Our ground-based resolution in M33 corresponds to the
HST resolution at about 11 Mpc. We estimate the effect of blending at
resolutions corresponding to a range of distances as observed with the HST
using the HST M33 data as the template unblended population. We compare our
results to those obtained by other groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98311 </DOCNO>
S-partitions


  This note reports on the number of s-partitions of a natural number n. In an
s-partition each cell has the form $2^k-1$ for some integer k. Such partitions
have potential applications in cryptography, specifically in distributed
computations of the form $a^n$ mod m. The main contribution of this paper is a
correction to the upper bound on the number of s-partitions presented by Bhatt.
We will give a precise asymptotics for the number of such partitions for a
given integer n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128508 </DOCNO>
Can X-Ray Jets Be Cosmic Beacons?


  If X-rays observed from any extragalactic radio jets are due to inverse
Compton scattering on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, then
such a source will be detectable with the same surface brightness anywhere in
the more distant universe. Chandra observations imply that such systems do
exist, and will therefore serve as Cosmic Beacons out to the redshift at which
they form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87151 </DOCNO>
Time and Cosmic Clock


  The nature of time vis-a-vis relativity is critically examined. Based on the
author's space-time interaction hypothesis of late 1970's, cosmological model
with time-varying velocity of light is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2223 </DOCNO>
Unusual Hall Effect in Superconducting MgB$_2$ Films: Analogy to


  We have investigated the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the
Hall coefficient of two well-characterized superconducting MgB$_2$ films
(T$_{c0}$=38.0 K) in both the normal and superconducting states. Our results
show that the normal-state Hall coefficient R$_H$ is positive and increases
with decreasing temperature, independent of the applied magnetic field. Below
T$_c$(H), R$_H$ decreases rapidly with temperature and changes sign before it
reaches zero. The position and magnitude at which R$_H$ shows a minimum depends
on the applied field. Quantitative analysis of our data indicates that the Hall
response of MgB$_2$ behaves very similarly to that of high-T$_c$ cuprates:
R$_H$ $\propto$ T and cot$\theta_H$ $\propto$ T$^2$ in the normal state, and a
sign reversal of R$_H$ in the mixed state. This suggests that the B-B layers in
MgB$_2$, like the Cu-O planes in high-T$_c$ cuprates, play an important role in
the electrical transport properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73229 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the Tau Magnetic Moments: Standard Model and Beyond


  We obtain new bounds for the magnetic dipole moments of the tau lepton. These
limits on the magnetic couplings of the tau to the electroweak gauge bosons
(gamma, W, Z) are set in a model independent way using the most general
effective Lagrangian with the SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y symmetry. Comparison with data
from the most precise experiments at high energies shows that the present
limits are more stringent than the previous published ones. For the anomalous
magnetic moment the bounds are, for the first time, within one order of
magnitude of the standard model prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75306 </DOCNO>
Chromomagnetic Catalysis of Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Color


  It is shown in the framework of an extended NJL model with two flavors that
some types of external chromomagnetic field induce the dynamical chiral or
color symmetry breaking even at weakest attraction between quarks. It is argued
also that an external chromomagnetic field, simulating the chromomagnetic gluon
condensate of the real QCD-vacuum, might significantly influence the color
superconductivity formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149790 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Noncommutative Solitons


  In the first part of this work we consider an unstable non-BPS
Dp-\bar{Dp}-brane pair in Type II superstring theory. Turning on a background
NS-NS B-field (constant and nonzero along two spatial directions), we show that
the tachyon responsible for the unstability has a complex GMS solitonic
solution, which is interpreted as the low energy remnant of the resulting
D(p-2)-brane. In the second part, we apply these results to construct the
noncommutative soliton analogous of Witten's superconducting string. This is
done by considering the complex GMS soliton arising from the D3-\bar{D3}-brane
annihilation in Type IIB superstring theory. In the presence of left-handed
fermions, we apply the Weyl-Wigner-Moyal correspondence and the bosonization
technique to show that this object behaves like a superconducting wire.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4356 </DOCNO>
Magnetic domains in III-V magnetic semiconductors


  Recent progress in theoretical understanding of magnetic anisotropy and
stiffness in III-V magnetic semiconductors is exploited for predictions of
magnetic domain characteristics and methods of their tuning. We evaluate the
width and the energy of domain walls as well as the period of stripe domains in
perpendicular films. The computed stripe width d = 1.1 um for
Ga_0.957Mn_0.043As/In_0.16Ga_0.84As compares favorably to the experimental
value 1.5 um, as determined by Shono et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 1363
(2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74897 </DOCNO>
New Hadrons Formed by the Fourth SM Family and Iso-singlet Quarks


  The properties of new heavy mesons containing new heavy quarks have been
investigated. As an example, the fourth SM family quarks and weak isosinglet
quarks predicted by E_{6} GUT are considered. Production of these hadrons at
TeV energy lepton colliders have been analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149393 </DOCNO>
Massless monopoles and the moduli space approximation


  We investigate the applicability of the moduli space approximation in
theories with unbroken non-Abelian gauge symmetries. Such theories have
massless magnetic monopoles that are manifested at the classical level as
clouds of non-Abelian field surrounding one or more massive monopoles. Using an
SO(5) example with one massive and one massless monopole, we compare the
predictions of the moduli space approximation with the results of a numerical
solution of the full field equations. We find that the two diverge when the
cloud velocity becomes of order unity. After this time the cloud profile
approximates a spherical wavefront moving at the speed of light. In the region
well behind this wavefront the moduli space approximation continues to give a
good approximation to the fields. We therefore expect it to provide a good
description of the motion of the massive monopoles and of the transfer of
energy between the massive and massless monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41348 </DOCNO>
Angular Analysis of the Muon Pair Asymmetry at LEP 1


  Data on muon pair production obtained by the OPAL collaboration at centre of
mass energies near the Z peak are analysed. Small angular mismatches between
the directions of the two muons are used to assess the effects of initial state
photon radiation and initial-final-state radiation interference on the
forward-backward asymmetry of muon pairs. The dependence of the asymmetry on
the invariant mass of the pair is measured in a model-independent way.
Effective vector and axial-vector couplings of the Z boson are determined and
compared to the Standard Model expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2272 </DOCNO>
Vortex dynamics in two-dimensional systems at high driving forces


  We study numerically the dynamics of two-dimensional vortex systems at zero
temperature. In addition to pinned states and turbulent plastic flow, we find
motion of vortices in rough channels along the direction of the driving force.
In this decoupled channel regime we demonstrate how topological defects mediate
the phase slip of different channels moving with different velocities. We thus
provide important confirmation of recent analytical work describing vortex
dynamics at high driving forces such as the moving glass theory of Giamarchi
and Le Doussal. For the largest driving forces we find that the channels couple
and observe elastic motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75037 </DOCNO>
Pseudoscalar (Charged) Higgs Boson Production with $Z^0$


  Pseudoscalar and charged Higgs bosons production in the processes $\mu^+
\mu^-\to P^0_i Z^0$, $\mu^+\mu^- \to H^{\pm}W^{\mp}$ within the models with
several Higgs doublets and singlets is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40747 </DOCNO>
The vector form factor of the pion from unitarity and analyticity: a


  We study a model-independent parameterization of the vector pion form factor
that arises from the constraints of analyticity and unitarity. Our description
should be suitable up to sqrt(s) ~ 1.2 GeV and allows a model-independent
determination of the mass of the rho(770) resonance, M(rho) = (775.1 +- 0.5)
MeV. We analyse the experimental data on tau(-) -> pion(-) pion(0)
neutrino(tau), in this framework, and its consequences on the low-energy
observables worked out by chiral perturbation theory. An evaluation of the
two-pion contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a_muon, and
to the fine structure constant, alpha(M(Z)^2), is also performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128442 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton discovery of a sharp spectral feature at ~7 keV in the


  We report the first detection of a sharp spectral feature in a Narrow-Line
Seyfert 1 galaxy. Using XMM-Newton we have observed 1H0707-495 and find a drop
in flux by a factor of more than 2 at a rest-frame energy of ~7 keV without any
detectable narrow Fe K alpha line emission. The energy of this feature suggests
a connection with the neutral iron K photoelectric edge, but the lack of any
obvious absorption in the spectrum at lower energies makes the interpretation
challenging. We explore two alternative explanations for this unusual spectral
feature: (i) partial covering absorption by clouds of neutral material and (ii)
ionised disc reflection with lines and edges from different ionisation stages
of iron blurred together by relativistic effects. We note that both models
require an iron overabundance to explain the depth of the feature. The X-ray
light curve shows strong and rapid variability, changing by a factor of four
during the observation. The source displays modest spectral variability which
is uncorrelated with flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148148 </DOCNO>
Fractional Supersymmetry As a Matrix Model


  Using parafermionic field theoretical methods, the fundamentals of 2d
fractional supersymmetry ${\bf Q}^{K} =P$ are set up. Known difficulties
induced by methods based on the $U_{q}(sl(2))$ quantum group representations
and non commutative geometry are overpassed in the parafermionic approach.
Moreover we find that fractional supersymmetric algebras are naturally realized
as matrix models. The K=3 case is studied in details. Links between 2d
$({1\over 3},0)$ and $(({1\over 3}^{2}),0)$ fractional supersymmetries and N=2
U(1) and N=4 su(2) standard supersymmetries respectively are exhibited. Field
theoretical models describing the self couplings of the matter multiplets
$(0^{2},({1\over 3})^{2},({2\over 3})^{2})$ and $(0^{4},({1\over
3})^{4},({2\over 3})^{4})$ are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 435 </DOCNO>
Adaptive evolution on neutral networks


  We study the evolution of large but finite asexual populations evolving in
fitness landscapes in which all mutations are either neutral or strongly
deleterious. We demonstrate that despite the absence of higher fitness
genotypes, adaptation takes place as regions with more advantageous
distributions of neutral genotypes are discovered. Since these discoveries are
typically rare events, the population dynamics can be subdivided into separate
epochs, with rapid transitions between them. Within one epoch, the average
fitness in the population is approximately constant. The transitions between
epochs, however, are generally accompanied by a significant increase in the
average fitness. We verify our theoretical considerations with two analytically
tractable bitstring models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5356 </DOCNO>
Self-organized critical neural networks


  How do natural nervous systems regulate their degree of connectivity? Here it
is argued that local mechanisms suffice for regulation of global network
connectivity, provided an order parameter of the global dynamics is accessible
at the single synapse level. This principle is studied in the simple toy system
of a two-dimensional random asymmetric neural network. A slow topology change
is imposed on the network by a local rewiring rule motivated by Hebbian,
activity-dependent synaptic development: Neighbor neurons of correlated
activity develop a new connection while uncorrelated neighbors tend to
disconnect. As a result, one observes a robust self-organization of the network
towards the percolation transition between ordered and disordered dynamics,
independent of initial conditions and robust against thermal noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86848 </DOCNO>
Quantum Thermal Effect of Dirac Particles in a Non-uniformly


  The Hawking radiation of Dirac particles in an arbitrarily rectilinearly
accelerating Kinnersley black hole is studied by using a method of the
generalized tortoise coordinate transformation. Both the location and the
temperature of the event horizon depend on the time and polar angle. The
Hawking thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is also derived.
  PACS numbers: 97.60.Lf, 04.70.Dy

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86895 </DOCNO>
Is Many Likelier than Few? A Critical Assessment of the Self-Indicating


  We analyze the arguments allegedly supporting the so-called Self-Indication
Assumption (SIA), as an attempt to reject counterintuitive consequences of the
Doomsday Argument of Carter, Leslie, Gott and others. Several arguments
purportedly supporting this assumption are demonstrated to be either flawed or,
at best, inconclusive. Therefore, no compelling reason for accepting SIA exists
so far, and it should be regarded as an ad hoc hypothesis with several rather
strange and implausible physical and epistemological consequences. Accordingly,
if one wishes to reject the controversial consequences of the Doomsday
Argument, a route different from SIA has to be found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87266 </DOCNO>
Algebraic approach to time-delay data analysis for LISA


  Cancellation of laser frequency noise in interferometers is crucial for
attaining the requisite sensitivity of the triangular 3-spacecraft LISA
configuration. Raw laser noise is several orders of magnitude above the other
noises and thus it is essential to bring it down to the level of other noises
such as shot, acceleration, etc. Since it is impossible to maintain equal
distances between spacecrafts, laser noise cancellation must be achieved by
appropriately combining the six beams with appropriate time-delays. It has been
shown in several recent papers that such combinations are possible. In this
paper, we present a rigorous and systematic formalism based on algebraic
geometrical methods involving computational commutative algebra, which
generates in principle {\it all} the data combinations cancelling the laser
frequency noise. The relevant data combinations form the first module of
syzygies, as it is called in the literature of algebraic geometry. The module
is over a polynomial ring in three variables, the three variables corresponding
to the three time-delays around the LISA triangle. Specifically, we list
several sets of generators for the module whose linear combinations with
polynomial coefficients generate the entire module. We find that this formalism
can also be extended in a straight forward way to cancel Doppler shifts due to
optical bench motions. The two modules are infact isomorphic.
  We use our formalism to obtain the transfer functions for the six beams and
for the generators. We specifically investigate monochromatic gravitational
wave sources in the LISA band and carry out the maximisiation over linear
combinations of the generators of the signal-to-noise ratios with the frequency
and source direction angles as parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2190 </DOCNO>
Transport Theory in the Context of the Normalized Generalized Statistics


  In this work assuming valid the equipartition theorem and using the
normalized q-expectation value, we obtain, until first order approximation, the
hydrodynamics equation for the generalized statistics. This equations are
different from those obtained in the context of the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics.
This difference is that now appears two transport coefficient that depend on
the q-value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126910 </DOCNO>
Interacting Stellar Wind and Photoionization Models of the SN 1987A


  We are investigating the SN 1987A remnant by modeling the circumstellar
environment of the progenitor star. Interacting stellar winds models have been
reasonably successful at reproducing the gross features of the nebula, but some
details, such as the early rise of the radio and x-ray emission from the
supernova blast and the presence of the outer rings, are not explained in a
pure wind model. In this paper we describe preliminary results from 2-D models
that incorporate the effects of photoionization due to radiation from the
central star. These models have successfully produced a thick HII region, as
needed to produce the early radio and X-ray emission. The HII region is
thickest away from the equatorial plane. The models have also produced a
feature resembling the outer rings, but we suspect this to be an artifact of
the 2-D calculations that would not persist in 3-D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95924 </DOCNO>
Comprehensive analysis of conditionally exactly solvable models


  We study a quantum mechanical potential introduced previously as a
conditionally exactly solvable (CES) model. Besides an analysis following its
original introduction in terms of the point canonical transformation, we also
present an alternative supersymmetric construction of it. We demonstrate that
from the three roots of the implicit cubic equation defining the bound-state
energy eigenvalues, there is always only one that leads to a meaningful
physical state. Finally we demonstrate that the present CES interaction is, in
fact, an exactly solvable Natanzon-class potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149620 </DOCNO>
Classical Mechanics and kappa-symmetry


  In this paper we analyze two local extensions of a model introduced some time
ago to obtain a path integral formalism for Classical Mechanics. In particular,
we show that these extensions exhibit a nonrelativistic local symmetry which is
very similar to the well known kappa-symmetry introduced in the literature
almost 20 years ago. Differently from the latter, this nonrelativistic local
symmetry gives no problem in separating 1st from 2nd-class constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179209 </DOCNO>
Towards explanation of the "inertia anomalies" in realistic mean field


  Careful theoretical studies of the nuclear collective inertia based on the
non-relativistic mean-field theory and the cranking model indicate that the
moments of inertia of the super-deformed nuclei calculated using various
standard methods and parameterizations exceed systematically the experimental
values. Similarly, but for other reasons the relativistic cranking calculations
based on the relativistic mean field method present, in our opinion, a
different class of systematic deviations from experiment. The origin and
possible explanations of these deviations are discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74447 </DOCNO>
On Testing for New Couplings in Top Quark Decay


  To quantitatively assay future measurements of competing observables in t -->
W b decay, we consider the g_{V-A} coupling values of the helicity decay
parameters versus those for "(V-A)+ Single Additional Lorentz Structures".
There are 2 dynamical phase-type ambiguities. Associated with the latter (f_M +
f_E) ambiguity, there are 3 very interesting numerical puzzles at the 0.1%
level. This evidence for the presence of tensorial couplings in t-decay is a
consequence of the empirical value of m_W/m_t and the small, but non-zero ratio
m_b/m_t. Measurement of the sign of eta_L = 0.46 (SM) due to the large
interference between the W longitudinal/transverse amplitudes could exclude
such tensorial couplings. Similarly, measurements of eta_L and eta_L^{'} could
resolve the case of a partially-hidden T-violation associated with the
additional (f_M + f_E) coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127300 </DOCNO>
Small Scale Anisotropies of UHECRs from Super-Heavy Halo Dark Matter


  The decay of very heavy metastable relics of the Early Universe can produce
ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in the halo of our own Galaxy. In this
model, no Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff is expected because of the short
propagation distances. We show here that, as a consequence of the hierarchical
build up of the halo, this scenario predicts the existence of small scale
anisotropies in the arrival directions of UHECRs, in addition to a large scale
anisotropy, known from previous studies. We also suggest some other observable
consequences of this scenario which will be testable with upcoming experiments,
as Auger, EUSO and OWL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74279 </DOCNO>
Prompt Atmospheric Neutrinos: Phenomenology and Implications


  We present an overview of the phenomenology of prompt neutrinos produced in
the atmosphere by the decay of charmed particles. In face of the great activity
involving operational and proposed large scale neutrino telescopes, we discuss
the implications of different scenarios in calculating the prompt flux, upon
the detectable signals in these experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168113 </DOCNO>
Two-qubit catalysis in a four-state pure bipartite system


  We consider a four-state pure bipartite system consisting of four qubits
shared among two parties using the same Schmidt basis, two qubits per party. In
some cases, transformation between two known pure states may not be possible
using LOCC transformations but may be possible with the addition of a two-qubit
catalyst. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for this to occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73521 </DOCNO>
Determination of the angle $\gamma$ from nonleptonic $B_c \to D_s D^0$


  We note that the two body nonleptonic pure tree decays $B_c^\pm \to D_s^\pm
D^0(\bar D^0)$ and the corresponding vector-vector modes $B_c^\pm \to D_s^{*
\pm} D^{*0}(\bar D^{* 0}) $ are well suited to extract the weak phase $\gamma$
of the unitarity triangle. The CP violating phase $\gamma$ can be determined
cleanly as these decay modes are free from the penguin pollutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84055 </DOCNO>
Using a Support-Vector Machine for Japanese-to-English Translation of


  This paper describes experiments carried out using a variety of
machine-learning methods, including the k-nearest neighborhood method that was
used in a previous study, for the translation of tense, aspect, and modality.
It was found that the support-vector machine method was the most precise of all
the methods tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5197 </DOCNO>
The Josephson current in Luttinger liquid-superconductor junctions


  We study the Josephson current through a Luttinger liquid in contact with two
superconductors. We show that it can be deduced from the Casimir energy in a
two-boundary version of the sine-Gordon model. We develop a new thermodynamic
Bethe Ansatz, which, combined with a subtle analytic continuation procedure,
allows us to calculate this energy in closed form, and obtain the complete
current-crossover function from the case of complete normal to complete Andreev
reflection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6794 </DOCNO>
Radiation forces on an absorbing micrometer-sized sphere in an


  The vertical radiation force on an absorbing micrometer-sized dielectric
sphere situated in an evanescent field is calculated, using electromagnetic
wave theory. The present work is a continuation of an earlier paper [E. Almaas
and I. Brevik, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B {\bf 12}, 2429 (1995)], in which both the
horizontal and the vertical radiation forces were calculated with the
constraint that the sphere was nonabsorbing. Whereas the horizontal force can
be well accounted for within this constraint, there is no possibility to
describe the {\it repulsiveness} of the vertical force, so distinctly
demonstrated in the Kawata-Sugiura experiment [Opt. Lett. {\bf 17}, 772
(1992)], unless a departure from the theory of pure nondispersive dielectrics
is made in some way. Introduction of absorption, i.e. a complex
refractive index, is one natural way of generalizing the previous theory. We
work out general expressions for the vertical force for this case and
illustrate the calculations by numerical computations. It turns out that, when
applied to the Kawata-Sugiura case, the repulsive radiation force caused by
absorption is {\it not} strong enough to account for the actual lifting of the
polystyrene latex or glass spheres. The physical reason for the experimental
outcome is, in this case, most probably the presence of surfactants making the
surface of the spheres partially conducting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179382 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov Equations in the Case of


  We introduce a natural and simple to implement renormalization scheme of the
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) equations for the case of zero range pairing
interaction. This renormalization scheme proves to be equivalent to a simple
energy cut-off with a position dependent running coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129463 </DOCNO>
Indirect imaging of the accretion stream in eclipsing polars IV: V895


  We present spectroscopic and high speed photometric data of the eclipsing
polar V895 Cen. We find that the eclipsed component is consistent with it being
the accretion regions on the white dwarf. This is in contrast to Stobie et al
who concluded that the eclipsed component was not the white dwarf. Further, we
find no evidence for an accretion disc in our data. From our Doppler tomography
results, we find that the white dwarf has M geq 0.7 Msun. Our indirect imaging
of the accretion stream suggests that the stream is brightest close to the
white dwarf. When we observed V895 Cen in its highest accretion state, emission
is concentrated along field lines leading to the upper pole. There is no
evidence for enhanced emission at the magnetic coupling region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129693 </DOCNO>
Rejuvenating the shells of supernova remnants by pulsar winds


  We reconsider the rejuvenation mechanism as proposed by Shull, Fesen, & Saken
(1989). These authors suggest that an active pulsar can catch up with, and
rejuvenate the shell of the associated supernova remnant. The morphology of the
SNRs G5.4-1.2 and CTB80 seem to confirm this rejuvenation mechanism. The
spindown energy is deposited by the pulsar as a relativistic pulsar wind, and
has a sufficient power to explain the observed radio emission observed in these
remnants. Shull et al. (1989) did {\it not} explain the observed lengthscales
of the rejuvenated parts of the SNR shell. therefore one needs to consider the
diffusive transport of the injected electrons by the pulsar wind. We propose to
apply a diffusion mechanism as introduced by Jokipii (1987), which makes a
distinction between diffusion along the magnetic field lines and perpendicular
to the magnetic field lines, parameterised by the gyro factor $\eta$. We show
that one has to assume a high value for the gyro factor, $\eta\simeq
10^3-10^4$, i.e. diffusion of the electrons along the magnetic field line is
much faster then perpendicular to the magnetic field line, in order for the
rejuvenation mechanism to work on the observed lengthscales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123900 </DOCNO>
NICS-TNG infrared spectroscopy of NGC1068: the first extragalactic


  We report 0.9-1.4 micron spectroscopic observations of NGC1068 collected
during the commissioning phase of the near infrared camera spectrometer (NICS)
of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG). These yielded the first
extragalactic measurement of [PII] (1.188 micron) line emission. In the central
0.75"x2" the [FeII]/[PII] line-intensity ratio is close to unity, similar to
that measured in the Orion bar and a factor of about 20 smaller than in
supernova remnants. This indicates that most of iron is locked into grains and,
therefore, argues against shock excitation being the primary origin of [FeII]
line emission in the central regions of NGC1068.
  We propose the [FeII]/[PII] ratio as a simple and effective tool to study and
perhaps resolve the long debated questions related to the origin of [FeII] line
emission and, more generally, to constrain the role of shock excitation in
active galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73941 </DOCNO>
Moment-operator expansion for the two-meson, two-photon and


  A complete set of formulae in terms of the moment-operator expansion is
presented for the two-meson, two-photon and fermion-antifermion states that can
be used in the analysis of scalar (S) and pseudoscalar (P) meson production in
anti-p p and gamma-gamma collisions: anti-p p -> SS, PP, SP and gamma gamma ->
SS, PP, SP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126350 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter or a New Force?


  We show that a new force, which appeared in a five-dimensional generalization
of general relativity, implies precisely the flat circular velocity curves of
luminous matter observed in the outer parts of spiral galaxies. A cosmological
solution for the new force (not the galactic solution treated in this paper)
might explain the cosmic negative, or repulsive, gravitation responsible for
the accelerated expansion of the universe, attributed nowadays to ``dark
energy'' and sometimes modelled by Einstein's cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86230 </DOCNO>
Spacetime and Fields, a Quantum Texture


  We report on joint work, past and in progress, with K.Fredenhagen and with
J.E,Roberts, on the quantum structure of spacetime in the small which is
dictated by the principles of Quantum Mechanics and of General Relativity; we
comment on how these principles point to a deep link between coordinates and
fields. This is an expanded version of a lecture delivered at the 37th Karpacz
School in Theoretical Physics, February 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87145 </DOCNO>
The end of the time machine


  Irrespective of local conditions imposed on the metric any extendible
spacetime U has a maximal extension containing no closed causal curves outside
the chronological past of U. We prove this fact and interpret it as
impossibility (in classical general relativity) of the time machines, insofar
as the latter are defined to be causality violating regions created by human
beings (as opposed to those appeared spontaneously).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74374 </DOCNO>
Baryon Fluctuations and the QCD Phase Transition


  The dynamic separation into phases of high and low baryon density in a heavy
ion collision can enhance fluctuations of the net rapidity density of baryons
compared to model expectations. We demonstrate that event-by-event proton and
antiproton measurements can be used to observe this phenomenon. We then perform
real-time lattice simulations to show how these fluctuations arise and how they
can survive through freeze out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148627 </DOCNO>
Matrix strings in a B-field


  We study the discrete light-cone quantization (DLCQ) of closed strings in the
background of Minkowski space-time and a constant Neveu-Schwarz $B$-field. For
the Bosonic string, we identify the $B$-dependent part of the thermodynamic
free energy to all orders in string perturbation theory. For every genus, $B$
appears in a constraint in the path integral which restricts the world-sheet
geometries to those which are branched covers of a certain torus. This is the
extension of a previous result where the $B$-field was absent
\cite{Grignani:2000zm}. We then discuss the coupling of a $B$-field to the
Matrix model of M-theory. We show that, when we consider this theory at finite
temperature and in a finite $B$-field, the Matrix variables are functions which
live on a torus with the same Teichm\"uller parameter as the one that we
identified in string theory. We show explicitly that the thermodynamic
partition function of the Matrix string model in the limit of free strings
reproduces the genus 1 thermodynamic partition function of type IIA string.
This is strong evidence that the Matrix model can reproduce perturbative string
theory. We also find an interesting behavior of the Hagedorn temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40939 </DOCNO>
Charmless B decays into three charged track final states


  Using a data sample of 10.5 1/fb collected by the Belle detector, three-body
charmless decays B+ --> K+h+h- have been studied. The following branching
fractions have been obtained: Br(B+ --> K+pi-pi+) = (64.8+-10.0+-7.0) x 10**-6
and Br(B+ --> K+K-K+) = (36.5+-6.1+-5.5) x 10**-6. The upper limits for other
combinations of charged kaons and pions have been placed. Analysis of the
intermediate two-body states gives evidence for production of scalar resonances
in charmless B decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5758 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Dynamics in Low Dimensional Systems


  In these lectures we give an overview of nonequilibrium stochastic systems.
In particular we discuss in detail two models, the asymmetric exclusion process
and a ballistic reaction model, that illustrate many general features of
nonequilibrium dynamics: for example coarsening dynamics and nonequilibrium
phase transitions. As a secondary theme we shall show how a common mathematical
structure, the q-deformed harmonic oscillator algebra, serves to furnish exact
results for both systems. Thus the lectures also serve as a gentle introduction
to things q-deformed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86390 </DOCNO>
Conformal General Relativity


  The inflation-free solution of problems of the modern cosmology (horizon,
cosmic initial data, Planck era, arrow of time, singularity,homogeneity, and so
on) is considered in the conformal-invariant unified theory given in the space
with geometry of similarity where we can measure only the conformal-invariant
ratio of all quantities. Conformal General Relativity is defined as the
$SU_c(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$-Standard Model where the dimensional parameter
in the Higgs potential is replaced by a dilaton scalar field described by the
negative Penrose-Chernikov-Tagirov action. Spontaneous SU(2) symmetry breaking
is made on the level of the conformal-invariant angle of the dilaton-Higgs
mixing, and it allows us to keep the structure of Einstein's theory with the
equivalence principle. We show that the lowest order of the linearized
equations of motion solves the problems mentioned above and describes the Cold
Universe Scenario with the constant temperature T and z-history of all masses
with respect to an observable conformal time. A new fact is the intensive
cosmic creation of $W,Z$-vector bosons due to their mass singularity. In the
rigid state, this effect is determined by the integral of motion $(m_w^2H_{\rm
hubble})^{1/3}=2.7 K k_B$ that coincides with the CMB temperature and has the
meaning of the primordial Hubble parameter. The created bosons are enough to
consider their decay as an origin of the CMB radiation and all observational
matter with the observational element abundances and the baryon asymmetry.
Recent Supernova data on the relation between the luminosity distance and
redshift (including the point $z=1.7$) do not contradict the dominance of the
rigid state of the dark matter in the Conformal Cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77076 </DOCNO>
A study of single sneutrino production in association with fermion pairs


  We investigate single sneutrino production in the context of
R-parity-violating Supersymmetry at future $\gamma\gamma$ linear colliders. The
sneutrino is produced in association with fermion pairs and it is shown that
its decays into two further fermions will lead to a clean signal. We also
discuss possible backgrounds and the effects of beam polarisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126490 </DOCNO>
Conversion Problems: How (Not) to Determine Molecular Masses in Dwarf


  The determination of molecular gas masses in star forming dwarf irregular
galaxies is crucial to assess the star formation process in these objects. But
the derivation of the molecular gas content of dwarf galaxies has been a
long-standing problem. CO, as the only practical tracer of cold molecular gas,
has been (and to some extent still is) notoriously diffucult to detect. Yet,
star formation clearly takes place in many dwarf irregulars. This conference
contribution contrasts a number of methods commonly used to derive the
molecular gas contents of dwarf galaxies based on CO observations: Procedures
based on the virial theorem and those relying on radiative transfer arguments.
It is shown that both classes of methods have serious drawbacks. Still,
examples show that there seem to be real differences in the `correct'
conversion factor both between and within star forming dwarf irregular
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98068 </DOCNO>
A noncommutative version of the Banach-Stone Theorem


  In this paper, we extend the Banach-Stone theorem to the non commutative
case, i.e, we prove that the structure of the liminal $C^{*}$-algebras $\cal A$
determines the topology of its primitive ideal space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41417 </DOCNO>
Muon Cooling R&D


  International efforts are under way to design and test a muon ionization
cooling channel. The present R&D program is described, and future plans
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 104 </DOCNO>
Vertically coupled quantum dots in the local spin-density functional


  We have investigated the structure of double quantum dots vertically coupled
at zero magnetic field within local spin-density functional theory. The dots
are identical and have a finite width, and the whole system is axially
symmetric. We first discuss the effect of thickness on the addition spectrum of
one single dot. Next, we describe the structure of coupled dots as a function
of the interdot distance for different electron numbers. Addition spectra,
Hund's rule and molecular-type configurations are discussed. It is shown that
self-interaction corrections to the density functional results do not play a
very important role in the calculated addition spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125301 </DOCNO>
Search for Nemesis Encounters with Vega, epsilon Eridani, and Fomalhaut


  We calculate the space motions of 21,497 stars to search for close stellar
encounters with Vega, epsilon Eridani and Fomalhaut during the past 1 Myr. We
discover that epsilon Eridani experienced three <2 pc encounters over the past
100,000 yr. Within the uncertainties, epsilon Eridani is having a close
encounter with Kapteyn's star near the present epoch, with a 42.2 percent
probability that the closest approach distance is <1 pc. Vega and Fomalhaut
experienced four and six <2 pc encounters, respectively, over the past 1 Myr.
Each had one encounter with a roughly 2 percent probability that the closest
approach distance is less than 0.5 pc. These encounters will not directly
influence the debris disks observed around Vega, epsilon Eridani and Fomalhaut,
but they may pass through hypothetical Oort clouds surrounding these stars. We
find that two other Vega-like stars, HD 17848 and HD 20010, experienced rare,
<0.1 pc stellar encounters that are more likely to directly perturb their
circumstellar disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124288 </DOCNO>
Competitive accretion in embedded stellar cluster


  We investigate the physics of gas accretion in young stellar clusters.
Accretion in clusters is a dynamic phenomenon as both the stars and the gas
respond to the same gravitational potential. Accretion rates are highly
non-uniform with stars nearer the centre of the cluster, where gas densities
are higher, accreting more than others. This competitive accretion naturally
results in both initial mass segregation and a spectrum of stellar masses.
Accretion in gas-dominated clusters is well modelled using a tidal-lobe radius
instead of the commonly used Bondi-Hoyle accretion radius. This works as both
the stellar and gas velocities are under the influence of the same
gravitational potential and are thus comparable. The low relative velocity that
results means that the tidal radius is smaller than the Bondi-Hoyle radius in
these systems. In contrast, when the stars dominate the potential and are
virialised, the Bondi-Hoyle radius is smaller than the tidal radius and thus
Bondi-Hoyle accretion is a better fit to the accretion rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72599 </DOCNO>
The Drell-Levy-Yan Relation: ep vs $e^+e^-$ Scattering to


  We study the validity of a relation by Drell, Levy and Yan (DLY) connecting
the deep inelastic structure (DIS) functions and the single-particle
fragmentation functions in $e^+e^-$ annihilation which are defined in the
spacelike ($q^2<0$) and timelike ($q^2>0$) regions, with respect to physical
evolution kernels for the two processes to $O(\alpha_s^2)$. We also comment on
a relation proposed by Gribov and Lipatov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168191 </DOCNO>
Absorption-free optical control of spin systems:the quantum Zeno effect


  We show that atomic spin motion can be controlled by circularly polarized
light without light absorption in the strong pumping limit. In this limit, the
pumping light, which drives the empty spin state, destroys the Zeeman coherence
effectively and freezes the coherent transition via the quantum Zeno effect. It
is verified experimentally that the amount of light absorption decreases
asymptotically to zero as the incident light intensity is increased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76334 </DOCNO>
Probing colored glass via $q\bar{q}$ photoproduction II: diffraction


  In this paper, we consider the diffractive photoproduction of quark-antiquark
pairs in peripheral heavy ion collisions. The color field of the nuclei is
treated within the Colored Glass Condensate model. The cross-section turns out
to be very sensitive to the value of the saturation scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74955 </DOCNO>
Search for T-violation in Neutrino Oscillation with the Use of Muon


  A possibility to search for T-violation in neutrino oscillation with the use
of muon polarization is studied. The sensitivity to T-violation is examined
with different muon polarization as a function of muon energy and long-baseline
distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168197 </DOCNO>
No place for particles in relativistic quantum theories?


  Several recent arguments purport to show that there can be no relativistic,
quantum-mechanical theory of localizable particles and, thus, that relativity
and quantum mechanics can be reconciled only in the context of quantum field
theory. We point out some loopholes in the existing arguments, and we provide
two no-go theorems to close these loopholes. However, even with these loopholes
closed, it does not yet follow that relativity plus quantum mechanics
exclusively requires a field ontology, since relativistic quantum field theory
itself might permit an ontology of localizable particles supervenient on the
fundamental fields. Thus, we provide another no-go theorem to rule out this
possibility. Finally, we allay potential worries about this conclusion by
arguing that relativistic quantum field theory can nevertheless explain the
possibility of "particle detections," as well as the pragmatic utility of
"particle talk."

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72806 </DOCNO>
Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and Lepton Flavor Violation


  A non-universal interaction, which involves only the third family leptons
induces lepton flavor violating couplings and contributes to the anomalous
magnetic moment of muon. In this paper, we study the effects of non-universal
interaction on muon (g-2) and rare decay $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ by using an
effective lagrangian technique, and a phenomenological $Z^\prime$ model where
$Z^\prime$ couples only to the third family lepton. We find that the deviation
from the theory can be explained and the induced $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ rate
could be very close to the current experimental limit. In the $Z^\prime$ model,
$M_{Z^\prime}$ has to be lighter than 2.6 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3674 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity mediated by charge fluctuations in layered molecular


  In elemental metals the pairing of electrons leading to superconductivity is
mediated by the vibrations of the crystal lattice and the pairs have spherical
symmetry. For layered organic molecular crystals there is no consensus about
the pairing symmetry or the mechanism of the superconductivity. We show
theoretically that the mechanism of superconductivity for members of the
(BEDT-TTF)2X family with the theta and beta'' crystal structures is mediated by
charge fluctuations and the superconducting order parameter has dxy symmetry.
This is in contrast to the kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2X family, for which theoretical
calculations give superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations and with
dx2-y2 symmetry. Our conclusions are based on systematic many-body calculations
using slave-boson theory of an extended Hubbard model. This is the simplest
model that can describe the competition between metallic, superconducting,
insulating, and charge ordered phases that occurs in the theta and beta''
materials. Based on the theory presented we predict several materials that
should become superconducting under pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124123 </DOCNO>
Self-Interacting Dark Matter with Flavor Mixing


  The crisis of the cold dark matter and problems of the self-interacting dark
matter models is resolved by postulating flavor mixing of dark matter
particles. Flavor-mixed particles segregate in the gravitational field to form
dark halos composed of heavy mass eigenstates. Since these particles are mixed
in the interaction basis, elastic collisions convert some of heavy eigenstates
into light ones which leave dense central regions of the halo. This
annihilation-like process will soften dense central cusps of halos. The
proposed model accumulates most of the attractive features of self-interacting
and annihilating dark matter models, but does not suffer from their severe
drawbacks. This model is natural; it does not require fine tuning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72831 </DOCNO>
The anomalous process gamma pi -> pi pi to two loops


  The amplitude for the anomalous process gamma pi -> pi pi is evaluated to two
loops in the chiral expansion by means of a dispersive method. The two new
coupling constants that enter at this order are estimated via sum rules derived
from a non-perturbative chiral approach. With these coupling constants fixed,
the numerical results are given and compared with the available experimental
information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76253 </DOCNO>
QCD Finite Energy Sum Rules and the Isoscalar Scalar Mesons


  We apply QCD Finite Energy Sum Rules to the scalar-isoscalar current to
determine the lightest $u \bar{u} + d \bar{d}$ meson in this channel. We use
`pinch-weights' to improve the reliability of the QCD predictions and reduce
the sensitivity to the cut-off $s_0$. A decaying exponential is included in the
weight function to allow us to focus on the contribution from low mass states
to the phenomenological integral. On the theoretical side we include OPE
contributions up to dimension six and a contribution due to instantons taken
from the Instanton Liquid Model. Phenomenologically, we incorporate
experimental data by using a coupling scheme for the scalar current which links
the vacuum polarisation to the $\pi \pi$ scattering amplitude via the scalar
form factor. We find that the sum rules are well saturated for certain
instanton parameters. We conclude that the $f_0(400-1200)$ definitely contains
a large $u \bar{u} + d \bar{d}$ component, whereas the $f_0(980)$ most likely
does not. We are able to estimate the average light quark mass and find
$m_q(1 \GeV) = 5.2 \pm 0.6$ MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168107 </DOCNO>
A novel quantum key distribution scheme with orthogonal product states


  The general conditions for the orthogonal product states of the multi-state
systems to be used in quantum key distribution (QKD) are proposed, and a novel
QKD scheme with orthogonal product states in the 3x3 Hilbert space is
presented. We show that this protocol has many distinct features such as great
capacity, high efficiency. The generalization to nxn systems is also discussed
and a fancy limitation for the eavesdropper's success probability is reached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179243 </DOCNO>
The Effect of Nuclear Rotation on the Collective Transport Coefficients


  We have examined the influence of rotation on the potential energy and the
transport coefficients of the collective motion (friction and mass
coefficients). For axially symmetric deformation of nucleus Th-224 we have
found that at excitations corresponding to temperatures T > 1 MeV the shell
correction to the liquid drop energy practically does not depend on the angular
rotation. The friction and mass coefficients obtained within the linear
response theory for the same nucleus at temperatures larger than T=2 MeV are
rather stable with respect to rotation provided that the contributions from
spurious states arising due to the violation of rotation symmetry are removed.
At smaller excitations both friction and mass parameters corresponding to the
elongation mode are growing functions of rotational frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6258 </DOCNO>
Symmetry consideration and eg bands in NdNiO3 and YNiO3


  Group theoretical analyses are applied to the magnetic and electronic
structures of NdNiO3 and YNiO3, whose electronic structures have been studied
very recently by the LSDA+U method. The Jahn-Teller distortion cannot satisfy
the experimentally observed magnetic diffraction. The resultant ground state
magnetic stuructures are monoclinic P_ba in NdNiO3 case and P_b2_1/a in YNiO3
case, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6308 </DOCNO>
Phase Transitions and Adsorption Isotherm in Multilayer Adsorbates with


  We analyze here a model for an adsorbate system composed of many layers by
extending a theoretical approach used to describe pattern formation on a
monolayer of adsorbates with lateral interactions. The approach shows, in
addition to a first order phase transition in the first layer, a transition in
the second layer together with evidence of a "cascade" of transitions if more
layers are included. The transition profiles, showing a staircase structure,
corroborate this picture. The adsorption isotherm that came out of this
approach is in qualitative agreement with numerical and experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4137 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Bohm Interferometry with Interacting Quantum Dots: Spin


  We study electron transport through multiply-connected mesoscopic geometries
containing interacting quantum dots. Our formulation covers both equilibrium
and non-equilibrium physics. We discuss the relation of coherent transport
channels through the quantum dot to flux-sensitive Aharonov-Bohm oscillations
in the total conductance of the device. Contributions to transport in first and
second order in the intrinsic line width of the dot levels are addressed in
detail. We predict an interaction-induced asymmetry in the amplitude of the
interference signal around resonance peaks as a consequence of incoherence
associated with spin-flip processes. This asymmetry can be used to probe the
total spin of the quantum dot. Such a probe requires less stringent
experimental conditions than the Kondo effect, which provides the same
information. We show that first-order contributions can be partially or even
fully coherent. This contrasts with the sequential-tunneling picture, which
describes first-order transport as a sequence of incoherent tunneling
processes. We predict bias-voltage induced Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of
physical quantities which are independent of flux in the linear-response
regime. Going beyond the Onsager relations we analyze the relations between the
space symmetry group of the setup and the flux-dependent non-linear
conductance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125393 </DOCNO>
Redshift Evolution of the Merger Fraction of Galaxies in CDM Cosmologies


  We use semi-analytical modelling of galaxy formation to study the redshift
evolution of the galaxy merger fractions and merger ratesin Lambda CDM and
quintessence (QCDM) cosmologies, their dependence on physical parameters as the
environment, the merger timescale, the way major mergers are defined, and the
minimum mass of objects taken into account. We find that for a given final halo
mass the redshift dependence of the merger fraction F_mg and the resulting
merger rate can be fitted well by a power law for redshifts z <= 1. The
normalization F_{mg}(0) and the slope m depend on the final halo mass. For a
given merger timescale t_merg and an assumed maximum mass ratio R_major for
major mergers, F_mg(0) and m depend exponentially on each other. The slope m
depends logarithmically on the ratio of the final halo mass and the minimum
halo mass taken into account. In addition, the local normalization F_{mg}(0)
increases for larger R_{major} while m decreases. We compare the predicted
merger fractionwith recent observations and find that the model cannot
reproduce both the merger index and the normalization at the same time. In
general the model underestimates F_{mg}(0) and m by a factor of 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128530 </DOCNO>
Brightest Cluster Galaxy Formation in Low-Redshift Galaxy Clusters


  We present the composite luminosity function of a sample of 17 low-redshift
galaxy clusters. Our luminosity functions have been measured for an inner
region ($r \leq r_{200}$) and an outer region ($r_{200} \leq r \leq 2r_{200}$)
centred on each Brightest Cluster Galaxy. The inner region luminosity function
has a significantly flatter faint-end slope ($\alpha_{inner}= -1.81 \pm 0.02$)
than the outer region ($\alpha_{outer}= -2.07 \pm 0.02$). These results are
consistent with the hypothesis that a large fraction of dwarf galaxies near
cluster centres are being tidally disrupted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73546 </DOCNO>
Fermion Mixing and Mass Hierarchy as Consequences of Mass Matrix


  It is shown that a fermion mass matrix changing in orientation (rotating)
with changing scales can give a simple yet near-quantitative explanation for
quark mixing, neutrino oscillations and the fermion mass hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2647 </DOCNO>
Comparative genomics study of inverted repeats in bacteria


  We investigate the number of inverted repeats observed in 37 complete genomes
of bacteria. The number of inverted repeats observed is much higher than
expected using Markovian models of DNA sequences in most of the eubacteria. By
using the information annotated in the genomes we discover that in most of the
eubacteria the inverted repeats of stem length longer than 8 nucleotides
preferentially locate near the 3' end of the nearest coding regions. We also
show that IRs characterized by large values of the stem length locate
preferentially in short non-coding regions bounded by two 3' ends of convergent
genes. By using the program TransTerm recently introduced to predict
transcription terminators in bacterial genomes, we conclude that only a part of
the observed inverted repeats fullfills the model requirements characterizing
rho-independent termination in several genomes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73757 </DOCNO>
High p_T Higgs signal for the LHC


  We show that the broad transverse momentum distribution of the Higgs boson
produced by WW fusion can provide a viable way to identify H --> b anti-b
decays at the LHC, if particular kinematical configurations with large rapidity
gaps are selected. We estimate the event rate of the signal and of the QCD b
anti-b background. We also discuss Higgs boson detection via the H --> tau tau
and H --> WW* decay modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72772 </DOCNO>
The b->sgamma rate and Higgs boson limits in the Constrained Minimal


  New NLO b->sgamma calculations have become available using resummed radiative
corrections. Using these calculations we perform a global fit of the
supergravity inspired constrained minimal supersymmetric model (CMSSM). We find
that the resummed calculations show similar constraints as the LO calculations,
namely that only with a relatively heavy supersymmetric mass spectrum of the
order of 1 TeV the b-\tau Yukawa unification and the b->sgamma rate can coexist
in the large tanb scenario. The resummed b->sgamma calculations are found to
reduce the renormalization scale uncertainty considerably. The low tanb
scenario is excluded by the present Higgs limits from LEP II. The constraint
from the Higgs limit in the $m_0,m_{1/2}$ plane is severe, if the trilinear
coupling A_0 at the GUT scale is fixed to zero, but is considerably reduced for
$A_0\le -2m_0$. The relatively heavy SUSY spectrum required by \besg
corresponds to a Higgs mass of $m_h=119\pm 1~ (stop masses)}\pm
2~(theory)~\pm~3 (top mass) GeV $ in the CMSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126871 </DOCNO>
HST photometry of Globular Clusters in the Sombrero Galaxy


  We explore the rich globular cluster (GC) system of the nearby Sa galaxy
M104, the "Sombrero" (NGC 4594), using archive WFPC2 data. The GC colour
distribution is found to be bimodal at the > 99% level, with peaks at V-I =
0.96+/-0.03 and 1.21+/-0.03 (corrected for foreground reddening). The inferred
metallicities are very similar to those of globular clusters in our Galaxy and
M31. However the Sombrero reveals a much enhanced number of red (metal-rich)
GCs compared to other well-studied spirals. Because the Sombrero is dominated
by a huge bulge and only has a modest disk, we associate the two
sub-populations with the halo and bulge components respectively. Thus our
analysis supports the view that the metal-rich GCs in spirals are associated
with the bulge rather than with the disk. The Sombrero GCs have typical
effective (half-light) radii of about 2 pc with the red ones being about 30%
smaller than the blue ones. We identify many similarities between the
Sombrero's GC system and those of both late type spirals and early-type
galaxies. Thus both the GC system and the Hubble type of the Sombrero galaxy
appear to be intermediate in their nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126066 </DOCNO>
New spectroscopic observations of the B[e]/K binary system MWC 623


  The B[e]/K binary system MWC 623 was reinvestigated using new spectroscopic
observations. The absorption lines of the K and the B star do not exhibit any
significant radial velocity variations over a time interval of 14 years. The
spectral classification using a recent echelle spectrum yielded spectral types
of K2II-Ib and B4III. The luminosity class of the K star gives an estimate of
the distance towards MWC 623 of 2.4(+1.4/-0.9) kpc. This is consistent with the
kinematic distance of 2.0(+0.6/-0.3) kpc. The masses derived from the locations
of the binary components in the H-R diagram are 7+-1.5 Msun and 7.5+-2.5 Msun
for the B and K star, respectively, i.e. the mass ratio is close to 1. Both
stars are coeval with an age of 50+10/-20 Myr as shown by the comparison with
isochrones. The high luminosity of the K star excludes a pre-main sequence
evolutionary phase as explanation for the strong LiI lambda 6708 absorption
line observed in the late-type component. Rather, the high lithium abundance is
a consequence of the young age. Likewise, the B[e] star is a slightly evolved
object starting it post-main sequence evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129140 </DOCNO>
ZEPLIN IV: A One Ton Ultimate WIMP Detector


  We describe the research and development program carried out by the UCLA -
Torino group leading to the ZEPLIN II detector under construction for the
Boulby Laboratory. Knowledge of ZEPLIN II performance will help in the design
and construction of ZEPLIN IV. This detector could be located at a U.S.
underground laboratory (WIPP site or others) or elsewhere. We show that a
detector of this size is required to observe SUSY WIMPS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6045 </DOCNO>
The Parallel Magnetoconductance of Interacting Electrons in a Two


  The transport properties of interacting electrons for which the spin degree
of freedom is taken into account are numerically studied for small two
dimensional diffusive clusters. On-site electron-electron interactions tend to
delocalize the electrons, while long-range interactions enhance localization.
On careful examination of the transport properties, we reach the conclusion
that it does not show a two dimensional metal insulator transition driven by
interactions. A parallel magnetic field leads to enhanced resistivity, which
saturates once the electrons become fully spin polarized. The strength of the
magnetic field for which the resistivity saturates decreases as electron
density goes down. Thus, the numerical calculations capture some of the
features seen in recent experimental measurements of parallel
magnetoconductance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97235 </DOCNO>
On the Existence of Certain Metrics with Non Parallel Ricci Tensor


  A. Derdzinki [D] gave examples of Riemannian metrics with harmonic curvature
and non parallel Ricci tensor on some compact manifolds $(M,g]$ . We examine
their existence as well as their number wich naturally depends on the geometry
of the manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128510 </DOCNO>
Observations of T-Tauri Stars using HST-GHRS: I. Far Ultraviolet


  We have analyzed GHRS data of eight CTTS and one WTTS. The GHRS data consists
of spectral ranges 40 A wide centered on 1345, 1400, 1497, 1550, and 1900 A.
These UV spectra show strong SiIV, and CIV emission, and large quantities of
sharp (~40 km/s) H2 lines. All the H2 lines belong to the Lyman band and all
the observed lines are single peaked and optically thin. The averages of all
the H2 lines centroids for each star are negative which may indicate that they
come from an outflow. We interpret the emission in H2 as being due to
fluorescence, mostly by Ly_alpha, and identify seven excitation routes within 4
A of that line. We obtain column densities (10^12 to 10^15 cm^-2) and optical
depths (~1 or less) for each exciting transition. We conclude that the
populations are far from being in thermal equilibrium. We do not observe any
lines excited from the far blue wing of Ly_alpha, which implies that the
molecular features are excited by an absorbed profile. SiIV and CIV (corrected
for H2 emission) have widths of ~200 km/s, and an array of centroids
(blueshifted lines, centered, redshifted). These characteristics are difficult
to understand in the context of current models of the accretion shock. For DR
Tau we observe transient strong blueshifted emission, perhaps the a result of
reconnection events in the magnetosphere. We also see evidence of multiple
emission regions for the hot lines. While CIV is optically thin in most stars
in our sample, SiIV is not. However, CIV is a good predictor of SiIV and H2
emission. We conclude that most of the flux in the hot lines may be due to
accretion processes, but the line profiles can have multiple and variable
components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7595 </DOCNO>
First order transition from ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism in


  The magnetotransport behaviour is investigated in detail across the first
order magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic state
in polycrystalline Ce(Fe$_{0.96}$Al$_{0.04}$)$_2$ sample. The study clearly
brings out various generic features associated with a first order transition,
viz., hysteresis, phase coexistence, supercooling and superheating, presence
and limits of the metastable regimes. These results of magnetotransport study
exhibit and support all the interesting thermomagnetic history effects that
were observed in our earlier dc-magnetisation study on the same sample. Most
notable here is the initial (or virgin) resistivity vs. field curve lying
outside the hysteretic "butterfly shaped" magnetoresistivity loops obtained on
cyclying the magnetic field between high enough positive and negative
strengths. These findings, bearing one-to-one similarity with the data obtained
in their magnetic counterpart (i.e., dc-magnetisation), have been ascribed an
origin due to the arresting of this first order transition kinetics at low
temperature and high magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76939 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Equation-of-state of the Universe: Pitfalls and Prospects


  We explore various pitfalls and challenges in determining the
equation-of-state (w) of dark energy component that dominates the universe and
causes the current accelerated expansion. We demonstrated in an earlier paper
the existence of a degeneracy that makes it impossible to resolve well the
value of w or its time-derivative with supernovae data. Here we consider
standard practices, such as assuming priors that w is constant or greater than
-1, and show that they also can lead to gross errors in estimating the true
equation-of-state. We further consider combining measurements of the cosmic
microwave background anisotropy and the Alcock-Paczynski test with supernovae
data and find that the improvement in resolving the time-derivative of w is
marginal, although the combination can constrain its present value perhaps to
20 percent uncertainty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149160 </DOCNO>
Embedded Monopoles


  Using the embedded defect formalism we give a simple classification of the
possible embeddings of a 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole in a larger gauge group. We
then determine how these results relate to fundamental monopoles and describe
some similarities with embedded vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74049 </DOCNO>
Prospects for supersymmetric charged Higgs boson discovery at the


  We investigate the prospects for heavy charged Higgs boson production through
the mechanisms pp-bar(pp)->tbH+ +X at the upgraded Fermilab Tevatron and at the
upcoming LHC collider at CERN respectively. We focus on the MSSM case at high
values of tan[beta]> m_top/m_bot and include the leading SUSY quantum
corrections. A detailed study is performed for all important production modes
and basic background processes for the "ttbb" signature. At the upgraded
Tevatron a charged Higgs signal is potentially viable in the 220-250 GeV range
or excluded at 95%CL up to 300 GeV. At the LHC, a H+ of mass up to 800 GeV can
be discovered at 5 sigma or else be excluded up to a mass of ~ 1.5 TeV. The
presence ofSUSY quantum effects may highly influence the discovery potential in
both machines and can typically shift these limits by 200 GeV at the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40893 </DOCNO>
Search for Heavy Stable and Long-Lived Particles in e+e- Collisions at


  A search for stable and long-lived heavy charged particles was performed
using the data taken by the DELPHI experiment at an energy of 189 GeV. The
Cherenkov light detected in the Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector and the
ionisation loss measured in the Time Projection Chamber were used to identify
heavy particles passing through the detector. No evidence for the production of
such particles has been found, therefore exclusion limits at 95% confidence
level were derived on the masses of left and right handed smuons and staus. The
results were combined with previous DELPHI searches in this channel. Including
previous DELPHI results, masses of left (right) handed stable smuons and staus
can be excluded between 2 GeV/c^2 and 88 (87.5) GeV/c^2 at 95% CL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127735 </DOCNO>
The gaseous content of the Blue Compact Galaxy Mrk 59


  FUSE far-UV spectroscopy of the nearby metal-deficient (Zo/8) cometary Blue
Compact Dwarf galaxy Mrk59 have been used to investigate element abundances in
its interstellar medium. The lack of diffuse H2 (N(H2)<10e15 cm-2) is due to
the combined effect of a strong UV radiation field and a low metallicity. By
fitting the line profiles with multiple components having b=7kms-1 and spanning
a radial velocity range of 100 kms-1, we derive heavy element abundances in the
neutral gas. We find log N(OI)/N(HI)=-5.0+/-0.3, about a factor of 10 below the
oxygen abundance of the supergiant HII region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98465 </DOCNO>
Computation of Cohomology Operations on Finite Simplicial Complexes


  We propose a method for calculating cohomology operations for finite
simplicial complexes. Of course, there exist well--known methods for computing
(co)homology groups, for example, the reduction algorithm consisting in
reducing the matrices corresponding to the differential in each dimension to
the Smith normal form, from which one can read off (co)homology groups of the
complex, or the incremental algorithm (due to Edelsbrunner et al.) for
computing Betti numbers. However, there is a gap in the literature concerning
general methods for computing cohomology operations. For a given finite
simplicial complex K, we sketch a procedure including the computation of some
primary and secondary cohomology operations and the $A_{\infty}$--algebra
structure on the cohomology of K. This method is based on the transcription of
the reduction algorithm mentioned above, in terms of a special type of
algebraic homotopy equivalences, called a contraction, of the (co)chain complex
of K to a "minimal" (co)chain complex M(K). For instance, whenever the ground
ring is a field or the (co)homology of K is free, then M(K) is isomorphic to
the (co)homology of K. Combining this contraction with the combinatorial
formulae for Steenrod reduced $p$th powers at cochain level developed in
\cite{GR99} and \cite{Gon00}, these operations at cohomology level can be
computed. Finally, a method for calculating Adem secondary cohomology
operations $\Phi_q: Ker(Sq^2H^q(K))\ra H^{q+3}(K)/Sq^2H^q(K)$ is showed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126833 </DOCNO>
Fast Magnetosonic Waves Driven by Gravitational Waves


  The propagation of a gravitational wave (GW) through a magnetized plasma is
considered. In particular, we study the excitation of fast magnetosonic waves
(MSW) by a gravitational wave, using the linearized general-relativistic
hydromagnetic equations. We derive the dispersion relation for the plasma,
treating the gravitational wave as a perturbation in a Minkowski background
space-time. We show that the presence of gravitational waves will drive
magnetosonic waves in the plasma and discuss the potential astrophysical
implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150274 </DOCNO>
Definite and Indefinite Unitary Time Representations for Hilbert and


  Stable states (particles), ghosts and unstables states (particles) are
discussed with respect to the time representations involved, their unitary
groups and the induced Hilbert spaces. Unstable particles with their decay
channels are treated as higher dimensional probability collectives with
nonabelian probability groups U(n) generalizing the individual abelian
U(1)-normalization for stable states (particles).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75846 </DOCNO>
Timing evolution of accreting strange stars


  It has been suggested that the QPO phenomenon in LMXB's could be explained
when the central compact object is a strange star. In this work we investigate
within a standard model for disk accretion whether the observed clustering of
spin frequencies in a narrow band is in accordance with this hypothesis. We
show that frequency clustering occurs for accreting strange stars when typical
values of the parameters of magnetic field initial strength and decay time,
accretion rate are chosen. In contrast to hybrid star accretion no mass
clustering effect is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87298 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing as a possible explanation for some unidentified


  We propose that some of the high-latitude unidentified EGRET gamma-ray
sources could be the result of gravitational lensing amplification of the
innermost regions of distant, faint, active galactic nuclei. These objects have
gamma-ray emitting regions small enough as to be affected by microlensing of
stars in interposed galaxies. We compute the gravitational amplification taking
into account effects of the host galaxy of the lens and prove that, whereas the
innermost gamma-ray regions can be magnified up to thousand times, there is no
amplification at radio frequencies, leading to the observed absence of strong
counterparts. Some new effects in the spectral evolution of a gravitational
microlensed gamma-ray AGN are predicted. Within a reasonable range of lensing
parameters, and/or types of sources, both variable and non-variable EGRET
detections at high latitudes can be explained by microlensing. The same
phenomenon could also have an important incidence among the future GLAST
detections at high-latitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168299 </DOCNO>
Additivity for a class of unital qubit channels


  Additivity of the Holevo capacity is proved for product channels, under the
condition that one of the channels is in a certain class of unital qubit
channels, with the other completely arbitrary. This qubit class includes the
depolarizing channel. As a byproduct this proves that the Holevo bound is the
ultimate information capacity of such qubit channels (assuming no prior
entanglement between sender and receiver). Additivity of minimal entropy and
multiplicativity of p-norms are also proved under the same assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3610 </DOCNO>
Few-electron quantum dots and disks in zero magnetic field: Possible


  Exact-diagonalization studies of few-electron quantum dots and disks are
performed, with the aim to investigate a Wigner cluster -- Fermi liquid
crossover in zero magnetic field at varying strength of Coulomb interaction. A
clear indication of a transition of a liquid-solid type in the ground state is
found in a more adequate quantum-disk model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128587 </DOCNO>
Was GRB 990123 a unique optical flash?


  GRB 990123 was a long, complex gamma-ray burst accompanied by an extremely
bright optical flash. We find different constraints on the bulk Lorentz of this
burst to be consistent with the speculation that the optical light is emission
from the reverse shock component of the external shock. Motivated by this
currently favoured idea, we compute the prompt reverse shock emission to be
expected for bursts in which multi-wavelength observations allow the physical
parameters to be constrained. We find that for reasonable assumptions about the
velocity of source expansion, a strong optical flash of approximately m_V=9 was
expected from the reverse shocks, which were usually found to be mildly
relativistic. The best observational prospects for detecting these prompt
flashes are highlighted, along with the possible reasons for the absence of
optical prompt detections in ongoing observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5491 </DOCNO>
New aspects of Verway transition in magnetite


  A new mechanism of the Verway transition in magnetite (Fe3O4), which has been
argued to be a charge ordering transition so far, is proposed. Based on the
mean field calculations for the three band model of spinless fermions
appropriate for the d electrons of the Fe ions on the B sites, it is indicated
that the phase transition should be the bond dimerization due to the
cooperative effects of strong electronic correlation and electron-phonon
interaction. The results show that the ferro-orbital ordered state is
stabilized in a wide temperature range due to the strong on-site Coulomb
interaction between different t2g orbitals resulting in an effectively
one-dimensional electronic state, which leads the system toward an insulating
state by the Peierls lattice distortion with the period of two Fe(B) ions,
i.e., bond dimerization. Furthermore, it is found that the interplay between
such lattice distortion in the Fe(B) ions and the lattice elastic energy of the
Fe(B)-O as well as the Fe(A)-O bonds gives rise to a competition between two
different three-dimensional patterns for the bond dimerization, and can
stabilize a complicated one with a large unit cell size. The results are
compared with the known experimental facts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 635 </DOCNO>
Vibrational spectrum of topologically disordered systems


  The topological nature of the disorder of glasses and supercooled liquids
strongly affects their high-frequency dynamics. In order to understand its main
features, we analytically studied a simple topologically disordered model,
where the particles oscillate around randomly distributed centers, interacting
through a generic pair potential. We present results of a resummation of the
perturbative expansion in the inverse particle density for the dynamic
structure factor and density of states. This gives accurate results for the
range of densities found in real systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3309 </DOCNO>
Effect of fluctuations on vortex lattice structural transitions in


  The rhombic-to-square transition field $H_{\Box}(T)$ for cubic and tetragonal
materials in fields along [001] is evaluated using the nonlocal London theory
with account of thermal vortex fluctuations. Unlike extended Ginzburg-Landau
models, our approach shows that the line $H_{\Box}(T)$ and the upper critical
field $H_{c2}(T)$ do not cross due to strong fluctuations near $H_{c2}(T)$
which suppress the square anisotropy induced by the nonlocality. In increasing
fields, this causes re-entrance of the rhombic structure in agreement with
recent neutron scattering data on borocarbides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98683 </DOCNO>
Flexible polyhedra in the Minkowski 3-space


  Given a polyhedral surface, assume that it is prohibited to change the shape
and size of any face but it is permissible to change the dihedral angles
between the faces. A polyhedral surface is said to be flexible if it is
possible to change its shape under the above restrictions. We prove that
flexible polyhedral surfaces without boundary do exist in the Minkowski 3-space
and each of them preserves the (inclosed) volume and the (total) mean curvature
during a flex. To prove the latter result, we introduce the notion of the angle
between two arbitrary non-null nonzero vectors in the Minkowski plane. The
latter notion may be of some independent interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 500 </DOCNO>
Boron Isotope Effect in Superconducting MgB$_2$


  We report the preparation method of, and boron isotope effect for MgB$_2$, a
new binary intermetallic superconductor with a remarkably high superconducting
transition temperature $T_c$($^{10}$B) = 40.2 K. Measurements of both
temperature dependent magnetization and specific heat reveal a 1.0 K shift in
$T_c$ between Mg$^{11}$B$_2$ and Mg$^{10}$B$_2$. Whereas such a high transition
temperature might imply exotic coupling mechanisms, the boron isotope effect in
MgB$_2$ is consistent with the material being a phonon-mediated BCS
superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86300 </DOCNO>
Proposal of Experimental Test of General Relativity Theory


  On the basis of the relativistic mass-energy concept we found that a proper
mass of a test particle in a gravitational field depends on a potential energy,
hence, a freely falling particle has a varying proper mass. Consequently, a
multitude of freely falling reference frames cannot be regarded as a multitude
of equivalent inertial reference frames. There is a class of experiments, in
which an inner observer can distinguish between the state of free fall in a
gravitational field and the state of free space by detecting the effect of a
proper mass variation. If so, a demonstration of a violation of the Equivalence
Principle is possible. It is shown that a variant of the classical
Pound-Rebka-Snider experiment on a photon frequency shift in a gravitational
field, if conducted in a freely falling laboratory, would be such a test.
  Abbreviation: SRT- the Special Relativity Theory, GRT- the General Relativity
Theory, EP - the Equivalence Principle, PRS - the Pound-Rebka-Snider
(experiment)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72697 </DOCNO>
Gluon-Photon mixing in dense QCD


  At high baryonic density with the formation of a diquark condensate $\Delta
\neq 0$, the QCD color symmetry is spontaneously broken.
  Being massive by the Anderson-Higgs mechanism, gluon and photon should mix
together within two linear combinations due to the color non-conservation.
Consequently a gluon $\widetilde{G}$ could decay into an $e^- e^+$ pair via its
photon component. With a low invariant mass (about a few ten MeV) and an
extremely narrow width peaking above the continuum background, the purely
leptonic decay of a strongly-interacting gluon $\widetilde{G} \to e^- + e^+$
constitutes a very distinctive signature of the color superconductivity phase.
By a similar scenario of gluon-$Z$ mixing, another "missing-energy" decay into
invisible neutrinos $\widetilde{G} \to \nu +\bar{\nu}$ could arise, its
amplitude is however $(\Delta/M_Z)^2$ power-suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169404 </DOCNO>
The quantum dynamics of two coupled qubits


  We investigate the difference between classical and quantum dynamics of
coupled magnetic dipoles. We prove that in general the dynamics of the
classical interaction Hamiltonian differs from the corresponding quantum model,
regardless of the initial state. The difference appears as non
positive-definite diffusion terms in the quantum evolution equation of an
appropriate positive phase-space probability density. Thus, it is not possible
to express the dynamics in terms of a convolution of a positive transition
probability function and the initial condition as can be done in the classical
case. We conclude that the dynamics is a quantum element of NMR quantum
information processing. There are two limits where our quantum evolution
coincide with the classical one: the short time limit before spin-spin
interaction sets in and the long time limit when phase diffusion is
incorporated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168715 </DOCNO>
Optimum detection for extracting maximum information from symmetric


  We demonstrate a class of optimum detection strategies for extracting the
maximum information from sets of equiprobable real symmetric qubit states of a
single photon. These optimum strategies have been predicted by Sasaki et al.
[Phys. Rev. A{\bf 59}, 3325 (1999)]. The peculiar aspect is that the detections
with at least three outputs suffice for optimum extraction of information
regardless of the number of signal elements. The cases of ternary (or trine),
quinary, and septenary polarization signals are studied where a standard von
Neumann detection (a projection onto a binary orthogonal basis) fails to access
the maximum information. Our experiments demonstrate that it is possible with
present technologies to attain about 96% of the theoretical limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74370 </DOCNO>
Resonance saturation for four-nucleon operators


  In the modern description of nuclear forces based on chiral effective field
theory, four-nucleon operators with unknown coupling constants appear. These
couplings can be fixed by a fit to the low partial waves of neutron-proton
scattering. We show that the so determined numerical values can be understood
on the basis of phenomenological one-boson-exchange models. We also extract
these values from various modern high accuracy nucleon-nucleon potentials and
demonstrate their consistency and remarkable agreement with the values in the
chiral effective field theory approach. This paves the way for estimating the
low-energy constants of operators with more nucleon fields and/or external
probes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149856 </DOCNO>
On Orientifolds of WZW Models and their Relation to Geometry


  We investigate D-branes in orientifolds of WZW models. A connection between
the conformal field theory approach to orientifolds and the target space
motivated analysis is established. In particular, we associate previously
constructed crosscap states to involutions of the group manifold and their
fixed point sets. Whereas our analysis of D-branes in orientifolds of general
WZW models is restricted to special D0-branes, we investigate all symmetry
preserving branes of SU(2)-orientifolds in detail. For that case, the location
of the orientifold fixed point set is independently determined by scattering
localized graviton wave packets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127010 </DOCNO>
Cuspy Dark-Matter Haloes and the Galaxy


  The microlensing optical depth to Baade's Window constrains the minimum total
mass in baryonic matter within the Solar circle to be greater than 3.9 x
10^{10} solar masses, assuming the inner Galaxy is barred with viewing angle of
roughly 20 degrees. From the kinematics of solar neighbourhood stars, the local
surface density of dark matter is about 30 +/- 15 solar masses per square
parsec. We construct cuspy haloes normalised to the local dark matter density
and calculate the circular-speed curve of the halo in the inner Galaxy. This is
added in quadrature to the rotation curve provided by the stellar and ISM
discs, together with a bar sufficiently massive so that the baryonic matter in
the inner Galaxy reproduces the microlensing optical depth. Such models violate
the observational constraint provided by the tangent-velocity data in the inner
Galaxy (typically at radii 2-4 kpc). The high baryonic contribution required by
the microlensing is consistent with implications from hydrodynamical modelling
and the pattern speed of the Galactic bar. We conclude that the cuspy haloes
favoured by the Cold Dark Matter cosmology (and its variants) are inconsistent
with the observational data on the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74569 </DOCNO>
Transverse Lambda polarization in unpolarized semi-inclusive DIS


  The long-standing problem of transverse Lambda polarization in high-energy
collisions of unpolarized hadrons can be tackled by considering new, spin and
k_T-dependent quark fragmentation functions for an unpolarized quark into a
polarized, spin-1/2 hadron. Simple phenomenological parameterizations of these
new "polarizing fragmentation functions", which describe quite well the
experimental data on Lambda and Lambda-bar hyperons produced in p-A processes,
are utilized and extended here to give predictions for transverse Lambda
polarization in semi-inclusive DIS

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149439 </DOCNO>
A Note on Noncommutative String theory and its low energy limit


  The noncommutative string theory is described by embedding open string theory
in a constant second rank antisymmetric $B_{\mu\nu}$ field and the
noncommutative gauge theory is defined by a deformed $\star$ product. As a
check, study of various scattering amplitudes in both noncommutative string and
noncommutative gauge theory confirm that in the $\alpha^{'}\to 0$ limit, the
noncommutative string theoretic amplitude goes over to the noncommutative gauge
theoretic amplitude, and the couplings are related as
$g_{YM}=G_0\sqrt{\frac{1}{2\alpha^{'}}}$. Furthermore we show that in this
limit there will not be any correction to the gauge theoretic action because of
absence of massive modes. We get sin/cos factors in the scattering amplitudes
depending on the odd/even number of external photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149580 </DOCNO>
Remark about string field for general configuration of N D-instantons


  In this paper we would like to suggest matrix form of the string field for
any configuration of N D-instantons in bosonic string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124512 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Stresses at the Inner Edges of Accretion Disks Around Black


  For the past twenty-five years, nearly all analyses of accretion disk
dynamics have assumed that stress inside the disk is locally proportional to
pressure (the "alpha-model") and that this stress goes to zero at the
marginally stable orbit. Recently, it has been demonstrated that MHD turbulence
accounts for the bulk of internal disk stress. In contradiction with the
traditional view, the stress from this MHD turbulence does not diminish near
the marginally stable orbit, and the ratio of magnetic stress to pressure rises
sharply there. Examples of the consequences include: an increase in accretion
efficiency that may also be time- and circumstance-dependent; a decrease in the
rate of black hole spin-up by accretion; and generation of disk luminosity
fluctuations. Preliminary results from numerical simulations lend support to
analytic estimates of these effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76548 </DOCNO>
Towards the solution of Bethe-Salpeter equation in Minkowski space


  The Bethe-Salpeter equation is solved in generalised ladder approximation for
simple scalar super-renormalizable theory. With the help of spectral
representation the results are obtained directly in Minkowski space. The
analytic form of resulting equation is rederived and its kernel is simplified.
The numerical performance of the method is tested on several simple cases
represented by bound states for which the ground state spectra with given
vertex functions are calculated. The results are used to estimate the behaviour
of the elastic electromagnetic form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76174 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of Generalized Higgs Boson Scenarios


  I outline some of the challenging issues that could arise in attempting to
fully delineate various possible Higgs sectors, with focus on the minimal
supersymmetric model, a general two-Higgs-doublet model, and extensions
thereof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86705 </DOCNO>
Quantum cosmological perfect fluid model and its classical analogue


  The quantization of gravity coupled to a perfect fluid model leads to a
Schr\"odinger-like equation, where the matter variable plays the role of time.
The wave function can be determined, in the flat case, for an arbitrary
barotropic equation of state $p = \alpha\rho$; solutions can also be found for
the radiative non-flat case. The wave packets are constructed, from which the
expectation value for the scale factor is determined. The quantum scenarios
reveal a bouncing Universe, free from singularity. We show that such quantum
cosmological perfect fluid models admit a universal classical analogue,
represented by the addition, to the ordinary classical model, of a repulsive
stiff matter fluid. The meaning of the existence of this universal classical
analogue is discussed. The quantum cosmological perfect fluid model is, for a
flat spatial section, formally equivalent to a free particle in ordinary
quantum mechanics, for any value of $\alpha$, while the radiative non-flat case
is equivalent to the harmonic oscillator. The repulsive fluid needed to
reproduce the quantum results is the same in both cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113654 </DOCNO>
Great Belt of Megalithic Observatories and Problem of History of the


  The problem of localization of megalithic memorials on the Earth surface is
investigated. It is pointed on existence of Great Belt of megalithic
observatories - of con- centration of astronomically significant objects near
geographical latitude 51 grad. N. The latent fundamental (and astronomical)
sense is discussed of this phenomenon- the tendency to functional and
architectural simplisity, to simmetry of megali- thic observatories (in view of
the Symmetric Mandale. It is pointed on possibility of existence of other
stretching concentrations-of clusters of megalithic observatories (the Great
Belts) in connection with other fixed position of the Poles of the World (of
the Earth rotation) in past

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125261 </DOCNO>
A measurement by BOOMERANG of multiple peaks in the angular power


  This paper presents a measurement of the angular power spectrum of the Cosmic
Microwave Background from l=75 to l=1025 (~10' to 5 degrees) from a combined
analysis of four 150 GHz channels in the BOOMERANG experiment. The spectrum
contains multiple peaks and minima, as predicted by standard
adiabatic-inflationary models in which the primordial plasma undergoes acoustic
oscillations. These results significantly constrain the values of Omega_tot,
Omega_b h^2, Omega_c h^2 and n_s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179346 </DOCNO>
Formation Of Quark Matter In Neutron Stars


  At very large densities and/or temperatures a quark-hadron phase transition
is expected to take place. Simulations of QCD on lattice at zero baryon density
indicate that the transition occurs at $T_c \sim 150-170$ MeV. The calculations
indicate that transition is likely to be second order or a cross over
phenomenon. Although the lattice simulations have not given any indication on
when the transition occurs at nonzero baryon density, the transition is
expected to occur around the densities of few times nuclear matter density.
Also, there is a strong reason to believe that the quark matter formed after
the phase transition is in colour superconducting phase. The matter densities
in the interior of neutron stars are expected to be several times the nuclear
matter density and therefore the neutron star cores may possibly consist of
quark matter. One then expects that this quark matter is formed during the
collapse of supernova. Starting with the assumption that the quark matter, when
formed consists of predominantly u and d quarks, we consider the evolution of
strange quarks by weak interactions in the present work. The reaction rates and
time required to reach the chemical equilibrium are computed here. Our
calculations show that the chemical equilibrium is reached in about $10^{-7}$
seconds. Further more during and immediately after the equilibration process
enormous amount of energy is released and copious numbers of neutrinos are
produced. We show that for reasonable models of nuclear equations of state the
amount of energy released could be as high as $10^{53}$ ergs and as many as
$10^{58}$ neutrinos may be emitted during the quark matter formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114335 </DOCNO>
Control System for Electromagnet Power Supplies


  A set of power supplies (PS) with output power rated from 100 W up to 10 kW
for electromagnets powering was developed. These PS have range of current
tuning of 60-80 db with high accuracy (error should be less than 0,01%). Some
types of power supplies have bipolar output current. The report will describe a
set of unified embedded devices for control and measurements of PS incorporated
into distributed control systems. These embedded devices includes DAC, ADC with
multiplexers and status Input/Output registers. The devices include
microprocessor and allow work with minimal host involving. This capability
decreases traffic, provides synchronous tuning of all electromagnet elements of
particle accelerator and increases reliability of entire system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96905 </DOCNO>
Box-ball systems and Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence


  The box-ball system is studied from the viewpoint of combinatorics of words
and tableaux. Each state of the box-ball system can be transformed into a pair
of tableaux $(P,Q)$ by the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence. In the
language of tableaux, the $P$-symbol gives rise to a conserved quantity of the
box-ball system, and the $Q$-symbol evolves independently of the $P$-symbol.
The time evolution of the $Q$-symbol is described explicitly in terms of the
box-labels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86260 </DOCNO>
Radiative falloff in Einstein-Straus spacetime


  The Einstein-Straus spacetime describes a nonrotating black hole immersed in
a matter-dominated cosmology. It is constructed by scooping out a spherical
ball of the dust and replacing it with a vacuum region containing a black hole
of the same mass. The metric is smooth at the boundary, which is comoving with
the rest of the universe. We study the evolution of a massless scalar field in
the Einstein-Straus spacetime, with a special emphasis on its late-time
behavior. This is done by numerically integrating the scalar wave equation in a
double-null coordinate system that covers both portions (vacuum and dust) of
the spacetime. We show that the field's evolution is governed mostly by the
strong concentration of curvature near the black hole, and the discontinuity in
the dust's mass density at the boundary; these give rise to a rather complex
behavior at late times. Contrary to what it would do in an asymptotically-flat
spacetime, the field does not decay in time according to an inverse power-law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179444 </DOCNO>
(e,e'N) and (e,e'NN) experiments at NIKHEF, Mainz and JLab and open


  A critical review is presented of recent data on direct one- and two-nucleon
emission obtained in electron scattering at NIKHEF, Mainz and JLab. In the case
of (e,e$'$p) reactions attention is focussed on extracting spectroscopic
factors, looking at medium effects on the bound nucleon form factors, and
investigating nuclear transparency. The possibility of obtaining information on
nucleon-nucleon correlations in (e,e$'$pp) and (e,e$'$pn) reactions is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126586 </DOCNO>
Optimal detection of sources on a homogeneous and isotropic background


  This paper introduces the use of pseudo-filters that optimize the
detection/extraction of sources on a background. We assume as a first approach
that such sources are described by a spherical (central) profile and that the
background is represented by a homogeneous and isotropic random field. We make
an n-dimensional treatment making emphasis in astrophysical applications for
spectra, images and volumes, for the cases of exponential and Gaussian source
profiles and scale-free power spectra to represent the background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72870 </DOCNO>
Top quark production in e+e- annihilation


  We analyze the four-fermion reactions e+e- -> 4f containing a single top
quark and three other fermions, a possible decay product of the resonant
anti-top quark, in the final state. This allows us to estimate the contribution
of the nonresonant Feynman graphs and effects related to the off mass shell
production and decay of the top quark. We test the sensitivity of the total
cross section at centre of mass energies in the t tbar threshold region and far
above it to the variation of the top quark width. We perform calculation in an
arbitrary linear gauge in the framework of the Standard Model and discuss an
important issue of gauge symmetry violation by the constant top quark width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125288 </DOCNO>
DASI First Results: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background


  We present measurements of anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background
(CMB) from the first season of observations with the Degree Angular Scale
Interferometer (DASI). The instrument was deployed at the South Pole in the
austral summer 1999--2000, and made observations throughout the following
austral winter. We have measured the angular power spectrum of the CMB in the
range 100<l<900 with high signal-to-noise. In this paper we review the
formalism used in the analysis, in particular the use of constraint matrices to
project out contaminants such as ground and point source signals, and to test
for correlations with diffuse foreground templates. We find no evidence of
foregrounds other than point sources in the data, and find a maximum likelihood
temperature spectral index beta = -0.1 +/- 0.2 (1 sigma), consistent with CMB.
We detect a first peak in the power spectrum at l approx 200, in agreement with
previous experiments. In addition, we detect a peak in the power spectrum at l
approx 550 and power of similar magnitude at l approx 800 which are consistent
with the second and third harmonic peaks predicted by adiabatic inflationary
cosmological models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76746 </DOCNO>
Universal scaling behaviour of the transverse polarization for


  Experimental data on the polarization of hyperons, inclusively produced in
hadron-hadron collisions, have been analyzed. It is shown that the existing
data can be described by a function of transverse momentum (Pt) and two scaling
variables Xa+-=(Xr +- Xf)/2: P_H=A^alpha*F(Pt)[G(Xa+ -x2) -sigma*G(Xa- +x2)].
The function G(x) is proportional to sin[omega*(x -x1)]/omega, which results
for some reactions in an oscillation of P_H as a function of Xf. The "omega",
as well as the magnitude and the sign of the hyperon polarization depend on
quark composition of hadrons participating in a reaction. The atomic weight
dependence of the Lambda hyperon polarization is characterized by the parameter
alpha = -0.16|Xf|. There is an analogy between the scaling properties of the
hyperon polarization and the analyzing power (An) in hadron production
reactions. This new scaling law allows one to predict hyperon polarization for
reactions and kinematic regions, yet unexplored in experiments and to confront
these predictions with future experiments and various models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 970 </DOCNO>
Exact diagonalisation study of charge order in the quarter-filled


  The charge ordering transition in the layer compound NaV2O5 is studied by
means of exact diagonalization methods for finite systems. The 2-leg ladders of
the V-Trellis lattice are associated with one spin variable of the vanadium
3d-electron in the rung and a pseudospin variable that describes its positional
degree of freedom. The charge ordering (CO) due to intersite Coulomb
interactions is described by an effective Ising-like Hamiltonian for the
pseudo-spins that are coupled to the spin fluctuations along the ladder. We
employ a Lanczos algortihm on 2D lattice to compute charge (pseudo-spin) and
spin-correlation functions and the energies of the low lying excited states. A
CO-phase diagram is constructed and the effect of intra-ladder exchange on the
CO transition is studied. It is shown that a phase with no-longe range order
(no-LRO) exists between the in-line and zig-zag ordered structures. We provide
a finite-size scaling analysis for the spin excitation gap and also discuss the
type of excitations. In addition we studied the effect of bond-alternation of
spin exchange and derived a scaling form for the spin gap in terms of the
dimerization parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113482 </DOCNO>
Aspects of the Structure of the QCD Radiation Field


  We consider the classical radiative solution to the QCD (quantum
chromodynamics) dynamical equations and find trivial solutions similar to the
electrodynamic situation when one considers singlet (colorless) radiation
sources. We transpose the findings to quantum fields and identify radiation
from hadron (meson) sources with gluon packages of 3 (2) gluons. Invoking the
singlet character of the QCD matter and radiation field, we deduce that the
blank (singlet) gluon packages are the elementary building blocks of QCD
radiation, just as blank hadrons and mesons are the building blocks of baryon
matter. Colorlessness of the gluon packages suggests a possibly simpler
quasi-abelian behaviour, as far as linear superposition is involved, of the QCD
singlet radiation field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 453 </DOCNO>
Relaxation times hierarchy in two-component quasiparticle gas


  A quasiparticle description of various condensed media is a very popular tool
in study of their transport and thermodynamic properties. I present here a
microscopic theory for the description of diffusion processes in two-component
gas of quasiparticles with arbitrary dispersion law and statistics.
Particularly, I analyze the role of interaction within each subsystem (i.e.
between identical quasiparticles) in relaxation of the whole system. The
approach for solution of such kinetic problem allows to study the most
important limiting cases and to clarify their physical sense. Classical results
for diffusion coefficient of light particles in a massive gas (Lorentz model)
and of massive particles in a light gas (Rayleigh model) are obtained directly
from the general solution without using artificial approaches, as it was done
earlier. This particularly provide a possibility to generalize these popular
models on quasiparticle systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129595 </DOCNO>
The size of a quasar's mid-IR emission region inferred from microlensed


  We use published mid-IR and V-band flux ratios for images A and B of
Q2237+0305 to demonstrate that the size of the mid-IR emission region has a
scale comparable to or larger than the microlens Einstein Radius (ER, ~10^17 cm
for solar mass stars). Q2237+0305 has been monitored extensively in the R and
V-bands for ~15 years. The variability record shows significant microlensing
variability of the optical emission region, and has been used by several
studies to demonstrate that the optical emission region is much smaller than
the ER for solar-mass objects. For the majority of the monitoring history, the
optical flux ratios have differed significantly from those predicted by
macro-models. In contrast, recent observations in mid-IR show flux ratios
similar to those measured in the radio, and to predictions of some lens models,
implying that the mid-IR flux is emitted from a region that is at least 2
orders of magnitude larger than the optical emission region. We have calculated
the likeli-hood of the observed mid-IR flux ratio as a function of mid-IR
source size given the observed V-band flux ratio. The expected flux ratio for a
source having dimensions of ~1 ER is a sensitive function of the macro model
adopted. However we find that the probability of source size given the observed
flux ratios is primarily sensitive to the ratio of the macro-model
magnifications. The majority of published macro models for Q2237+0305 yield a
flux ratio for images B and A of 0.8 - 1.1. By combining probabilities from the
ratios A/B and C/D we infer that the diameter of a circular IR emission region
is >1ER with >95% confidence. For microlensing by low-mass stars, this source
size limit rules out non-thermal processes such as synchrotron as mechanisms
for mid-IR emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7525 </DOCNO>
Unified Scaling Law for Earthquakes


  We show that the distribution of waiting times between earthquakes occurring
in California obeys a simple unified scaling law valid from tens of seconds to
tens of years, see Eq. (1) and Fig. 4. The short time clustering, commonly
referred to as aftershocks, is nothing but the short time limit of the general
hierarchical properties of earthquakes. There is no unique operational way of
distinguishing between main shocks and aftershocks. In the unified law, the
Gutenberg-Richter b-value, the exponent -1 of the Omori law for aftershocks,
and the fractal dimension d_f of earthquakes appear as critical indices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4924 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of the relaxor ferroelectric


  Recently, a new orthorhombic phase has been discovered in the ferroelectric
system Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PZN-xPT) for x= 9%, and for x= 8% after the
application of an electric field. In the present work, synchrotron x-ray
measurements have been extended to higher concentrations, 10% <= x <=15%. The
orthorhombic phase was observed for x= 10%, but, surprisingly, for x>= 11% only
a tetragonal phase was found down to 20 K. The orthorhombic phase thus exists
only in a narrow concentration range with near vertical phase boundaries on
both sides. This orthorhombic symmetry (MC-type) is in contrast to the
monoclinic MA-type symmetry recently identified at low temperatures in the
PbZr(1-x)TixO3 (PZT) system over a triangle-shaped region of the phase diagram
in the range x= 0.46-0.52. To further characterize this relaxor-type system
neutron inelastic scattering measurements have also been performed on a crystal
of PZN-xPT with x= 15%. The anomalous soft-phonon behaviour (''waterfall''
effect) previously observed for x= 0% and 8% is clearly observed for the 15%
crystal, which indicates that the presence of polar nanoregions extends to
large values of x.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128149 </DOCNO>
The dark side of star formation in galaxy clusters: spectroscopic


  The evolution of galaxies in cluster environments can be studied using mid-IR
observations which trace star forming regions hidden by dust. The optical
follow-up of A1689 (z=0.2), observed at 6.7 and 15um by ISOCAM, have revealed a
systematic excess of the B-[15um] galaxy color distribution with respect that
of Coma and Virgo clusters. This result suggests the existence of a dark side
of the Butcher-Oemler effect measured in the optical. We present an analysis of
the optical/mid-IR properties of the mid-IR emitters in A1689, comparing in
particular the star formation rates based on mid-IR and optical data. Morover,
we present preliminary result for J1888, a cluster at z=0.56 deeply observed
with ISOCAM, based on recent VLT/FORS and NTT/SOFI observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76357 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium Polarization in Lepton Annihilation


  We investigate the polarization properties of vector quarkonia in lepton
anti-lepton annihilation with special attention to effects due to intermediate
Z bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86675 </DOCNO>
Comment on `An extreme critical space-time: echoing and black-hole


  We show that the black hole perturbations of the Hayward static solution to
the massless Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations are actually gauge artifacts
resulting from the linearization of a coordinate transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74254 </DOCNO>
Probing the medium-induced energy loss of bottom quarks by dimuon


  The potential of coming experiments on Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to observe
the rescattering and energy loss of heavy quarks in the dense matter created in
heavy ion collisions is discussed. We analyze the sensitivity of high-mass
mu+mu- pairs from BBbar semileptonic decays and secondary J/Psi from single B
decays to the medium-induced bottom quark energy loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129371 </DOCNO>
Non-Parametric Inference in Astrophysics


  We discuss non-parametric density estimation and regression for astrophysics
problems. In particular, we show how to compute non-parametric confidence
intervals for the location and size of peaks of a function. We illustrate these
ideas with recent data on the Cosmic Microwave Background. We also briefly
discuss non-parametric Bayesian inference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6734 </DOCNO>
Specific heat anomaly in the d-density wave state and emergence of


  We study the effect of finite chemical potential on the d-density wave state
that has been proposed to explain the pseudogap phenomena in underdoped
cuprates. We find that the specific heat anomaly at the transition temperature,
below which the d-density wave state forms, gets weaker when finite chemical
potential is introduced. This provides a useful ground for the proper
interpretation of the specific heat measurement in regard to the existence of
the d-density wave state below the pseudogap temperature. Further increase of
the chemical potential leads to an incommensurate orbital antiferromagnetic
state before the system eventually turns into the normal state. This is an
inhomogeneous state characterized by novel charge ordering and an analog of the
Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state in superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97291 </DOCNO>
Taut maps M^3 --> S^1 and 2-cycles, realizing the Thurston norm


  Let $M^3$ be an oriented 3-manifold. We investigate when one of the fibers,
$F_{best}$, of a \emph{homologically taut} map $f: M^3 \rightarrow S^1$ with
Morse-type singularities delivers the Thurston norm $\chi_+([f])$ of its
homology class $[f]$.
  In particular, for a map $f$ with connected fibers and any oriented surface
$\Sigma \subset M$ in the homology class of a fiber, we show that
$$\chi_+(\Sigma) \geq \chi_+(F_{best}) - \tilde{\rho}^\circ(\Sigma, f)\cdot
var_{\chi_+}(f).$$ Here the variation $var_{\chi_+}(f)$ is the difference
between the maximum and the minimum of the $\chi_+$-characteristics of the
$f$-fibers, and $\tilde{\rho}^\circ(\Sigma, f)$ measures the complexity of the
intersection of $\Sigma$ with a particular set of "bad" fibers. This complexity
is tightly linked with the optimal "$f$-height" of $\Sigma$, being lifted to
the $f$-induced cyclic cover $\tilde M^3 \rightarrow M^3$.
  Based on these quantities, for any Morse map $f$, we introduce the notion of
its \emph{twist} $\rho^\circ_{\chi_+}(f)$. We prove that, for a homologically
taut $f$, $\chi_+([f]) = \, \chi_+(F_{best})$, if and only if,
$\rho^\circ_{\chi_+}(f) = 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113647 </DOCNO>
Are electromagnetic phenomena derivable from extended Einstein


  A new term describing interactions between charge and potentials may be added
to the right hand side of the Einstein equations. In the proposed term an
additional tensor has been introduced containing a charge density, analogous to
the energy-momentum tensor containing a mass density. (The contribution of the
electromagnetic fields has not been considered in this work.) The metric
components in the new equations may contain charge and mass contributions. In
the special relativistic case a set of four vacuum Maxwell equations is
obtained from the new equations containing a special relativistic charge
density. A related result was recently found by Jefimenko from a special
relativistic transformation. Moreover, from the postulated equations the usual
special relativistic electric energy and Lorentz force can be calculated, when
the approximated electromagnetic metric is used. In the non-relativistic case
the usual Maxwell equations with rest charge density are obtained. In the
presence of a static gravitational field a set of four Maxwell equations is
obtained applying in the general relativistic case. From these equations the
generally accepted isotropic velocity of light can be deduced. In addition,
calculated generalized Maxwell equations show that vacuum permittivity and
permeability may differ from unity value in the presence of a big charge Q or a
big mass M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148420 </DOCNO>
Open string field theory without open strings


  Witten's cubic open string field theory is expanded around the perturbatively
stable vacuum, including all scalar fields at levels 0, 2, 4 and 6. The
(approximate) BRST cohomology of the theory is computed, giving strong evidence
for the absence of physical open string states in this vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72356 </DOCNO>
Three-quark exchange operators, crossing matrices and Fierz


  We give explicit expressions for the three-quark exchange operators, crossing
matrices and Fierz transforms for the SU(2) and SU(3) groups. We identify the
invariant terms in these operators and express them in terms of Casimir
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7485 </DOCNO>
Dirac-like Monopoles in Three Dimensions and Their Possible Influences


  Dirac-like monopoles are studied in three-dimensional Abelian Maxwell and
Maxwell-Chern-Simons models. Their scalar nature is highlighted and discussed
through a dimensional reduction of four-dimensional electrodynamics with
electric and magnetic sources. Some general properties and similarities of them
when are considered in Minkowski or Euclidian space are mentioned. However, by
virtue of the structure of the space-time in which they are considered a number
of differences among them take place. Furthermore, we pay attention to some
consequences of these objects when acting upon usual particles. Among other
subjects, special attention is given to the study of a Lorentz-violating
non-minimal coupling between neutral fermions and the field generated by a
monopole alone. In addition, an analogue of the Aharonov-Casher effect is
discussed in this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86694 </DOCNO>
Topology and the Cosmic Microwave Background


  Nature abhors an infinity. The limits of general relativity are often
signaled by infinities: infinite curvature as in the center of a black hole,
the infinite energy of the singular big bang. We might be inclined to add an
infinite universe to the list of intolerable infinities. Theories that move
beyond general relativity naturally treat space as finite. In this review we
discuss the mathematics of finite spaces and our aspirations to observe the
finite extent of the universe in the cosmic background radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1830 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of the Kondo resonance and its satellites in


  We present high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy studies on the Kondo
resonance of the strongly-correlated Ce system CeCu$_2$Si$_2$. Exploiting the
thermal broadening of the Fermi edge we analyze position, spectral weight, and
temperature dependence of the low-energy 4f spectral features, whose major
weight lies above the Fermi level $E_F$. We also present theoretical
predictions based on the single-impurity Anderson model using an extended
non-crossing approximation (NCA), including all spin-orbit and crystal field
splittings of the 4f states. The excellent agreement between theory and
experiment provides strong evidence that the spectral properties of
CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ can be described by single-impurity Kondo physics down to $T
\approx 5$ K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86264 </DOCNO>
General Relativity, the Cosmological Constant and Modular forms


  Strong field (exact) solutions of the gravitational field equations of
General Relativity in the presence of a Cosmological Constant are investigated.
In particular, a full exact solution is derived within the inhomogeneous
Szekeres-Szafron family of space-time line element with a nonzero Cosmological
Constant. The resulting solution connects, in an intrinsic way, General
Relativity with the theory of modular forms and elliptic curves. The
homogeneous FLRW limit of the above space-time elements is recovered and we
solve exactly the resulting Friedmann Robertson field equation with the
appropriate matter density for generic values of the Cosmological Constant $%
\Lambda $ and curvature constant $K$. A formal expression for the Hubble
constant is derived. The cosmological implications of the resulting non-linear
solutions are systematically investigated. Two particularly interesting
solutions i) the case of a flat universe $K=0,\Lambda \not=0$ and ii) a case
with all three cosmological parameters non-zero, are described by elliptic
curves with the property of complex multiplication and absolute modular
invariant $j=0$ and 1728, respectively. The possibility that all non-linear
solutions of General Relativity are expressed in terms of theta functions
associated with Riemann-surfaces is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75485 </DOCNO>
Generic User Process Interface for Event Generators


  Generic Fortran common blocks are presented for use by High Energy Physics
event generators for the transfer of event configurations from parton level
generators to showering and hadronization event generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85987 </DOCNO>
On the nature of spin, inertia and gravity of a moving canonical


  It is suggested that a moving canonical particle interacts with a vacuum
regarded as a "soft" cellular space. The interaction results into the emergence
of elementary excitations of space - inertons - surrounding the particle. It is
assumed that such a motion leads not only to the spatial oscillation of the
particle along a path but to the oscillation of the particle centre-of-mass as
well. This phenomenon culminating in the anisotropic pulsation of the particle
is associated with the notion of spin. The particle-space interaction is
treated as the origin of the matter waves, which are identified with the
particle inertia and inertons surrounding the moving particle are considered as
carriers of its inert properties. Inertons are also identified with real
carriers of the gravitational interaction and the range of the particle
gravitational potential is evaluated by the inerton cloud amplitude
$\Lambda=\lambda c/v$, where $\lambda$ is the de Broglie wavelength, $c$ and
$v$ are the velocity of light and the particle respectively. The nature of the
phase transition that occurs in a quantum system when one should pass from the
description based on the Schroedinger formalism to that of resting on the Dirac
one is explained in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98034 </DOCNO>
Recurrence, dimensions and Lyapunov exponents


  We show that the Poincar\'e return time of a typical cylinder is at least its
length. For one dimensional maps we express the Lyapunov exponent and dimension
via return times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149190 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Casimir force in compact non-commutative extra dimensions


  We call attention to a series of mistakes in a paper by S. Nam [JHEP 10
(2000) 044, hep-th/0008083].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3014 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of Magneto Current in Spin Valve Transistor: A


  The temperature dependence of magneto current in the spin spin valve
transistor system is theoretically explored based on phenomenological model.
 We find that the collector current strongly depends on the relative
orientation of magnetic moment of ferromagnetic metals due to spin mixing
effect. For example, the collector current is decreasing in the parallel case
with increasing temperature, and it is increasing in anti-parallel
configuration. We then obtain decreasing magneto current with increasing
temperature. The result accords with the experimental data in qualitative
manner. This phenomenological model calculations suggest that spin mixing
effect may play an important role in the spin valve transistor system at finite
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83882 </DOCNO>
Is the Commercial Mass Media Necessary, or Even Desirable, for Liberal


  Is a commercial mass media, dependent on the market for its sustenance,
necessary, or even desirable, for liberal democracy? Yochai Benkler has argued
that a decentralized, peer-to-peer system of communications and information is
both possible with digital technology and preferable to a system based on
commercial mass media. He has contended in fact that the presence of
politically powerful, copyright-rich mass media imposes significant barriers to
the development of peer-to-peer information-sharing networks. In contrast, I
have argued that the commercial mass media play an important, and perhaps even
vital, role in liberal democracy by galvanizing public opinion, serving as a
watchdog against government and corporate wrongdoing, agenda-setting (which
enables public discourse), and serving as a relatively trustworthy source of
information. This paper seeks to push the ball forward on this issue. It first
isolates and enumerates the contributions that the commercial mass media are
said to make towards liberal democracy. It then briefly assesses the extent to
which the commercial mass media actually fulfills these constitutive functions.
It then asks whether alternative institutions might serve some or all of these
functions just as well or better. In so doing, it looks both to the past and
the future. First, it examines the political party-supported press that thrived
in the United States through much of the 19th century. Second, it examines
government-funded mass media. Third, it looks, skeptically, at possibilities
for peer-to-peer sharing of information and opinion in the digital network
environment. I conclude that, despite the weaknesses of commercial mass media,
an information policy suitable to liberal democracy should include a plurality
of types of voices, including commercial mass media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150163 </DOCNO>
Clearing the Throat: Irrelevant Operators and Finite Temperature in


  We study the addition of an irrelevant operator to the N=4 supersymmetric
large n SU(n) gauge theory, in the presence of finite temperature, T. In the
supergravity dual, the effect of the operator is known to correspond to a
deformation of the AdS_5 x S^5 ``throat'' which restores the asymptotic ten
dimensional Minkowski region of spacetime, completing the full D3-brane
solution. The system at non-zero T is interesting, since at the extremes of
some of the geometrical parameters the geometry interpolates between a seven
dimensional spherical Minkowskian Schwarzschild black hole (times R^3) and a
five dimensional flat AdS Schwarzschild black hole (times S^5). We observe that
when the coupling of the operator reaches a critical value, the deconfined
phase, which is represented by the geometry with horizon, disappears for all
temperatures, returning the system to a confined phase which is represented by
the thermalised extremal geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123393 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Isolated Neutron Stars


  In this paper we briefly review our recent results on evolution and
properties of isolated neutron stars (INSs) in the Galaxy.
  As the first step we discuss stochastic period evolution of INSs. We briefly
discuss how an INS's spin period evolves under influence of interaction with
turbulized interstellar medium. To investigate statistical properties of the
INS population we calculate a {\it census} of INSs in our Galaxy. Then we show
that for exponential field decay the range of minimum value of magnetic moment,
$\mu_b$: $\sim 10^{29.5}\ge \mu_b \ge 10^{28} {\rm G} {\rm cm}^3$, and the
characteristic decay time, $t_d$: $\sim 10^8\ge t_d \ge 10^7 {\rm yrs}$, can be
excluded assuming the standard initial magnetic momentum, $\mu_0=10^{30} {\rm
G} {\rm cm}^3$, if accreting INSs are observed.
     It is shown that old accreting INSs become more abundant than young
cooling INSs at X-ray fluxes below $\sim 10^{-13}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The
weak {\it ROSAT} sources, associated with INSs, can be young cooling objects,
if the NSs birth rate in the solar vicinity during the last $\sim 10^6$ yr was
much higher than inferred from radiopulsar observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97198 </DOCNO>
Nonexistence of invariant distributions supported on the limit set


  We obtain sufficient conditions exlcuding the existence of non-trivial
distribution sections of bundles over the boundary of symmetric spaces of
negative curvature which are invariant with respect to a geometrically finite
group of isometries and are supported on the limit set in a strong sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148330 </DOCNO>
Universal hypermultiplet metrics


  Some instanton corrections to the universal hypermultiplet moduli space
metric of the type-IIA string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau threefold
arise due to multiple wrapping of BPS membranes and fivebranes around certain
cycles of Calabi-Yau. The classical universal hypermultipet metric is locally
equivalent to the Bergmann metric of the symmetric quaternionic space
SU(2,1)/U(2), whereas its generic quaternionic deformations are governed by the
integrable SU(infinity) Toda equation. We calculate the exact
(non-perturbative) UH metrics in the special cases of (i) the D-instantons (the
wrapped D2-branes) in the absence of fivebranes, and (ii) the fivebrane
instantons with vanishing charges, in the absence of D-instantons. The
solutions of the first type preserve the U(1)xU(1) classical symmetry, while
they can be interpreted as the gravitational dressing of the hyper-K"ahler
D-instanton solutions. The second type solution preserves the non-abelian SU(2)
classical symmetry, while it can be interpreted as a gradient flow in the
universal hypermultiplet moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125200 </DOCNO>
H-Band and Spectroscopic Properties of Abell 1644


  We discuss H-band (1.65 micrometer) near-infrared photometry of the central
3x3h^{-2} Mpc^2 of Abell 1644 to a limiting M_H~M^*_H+3 (throughout this paper
H_0=100 h km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}). There are 861 galaxies in the photometric survey
region. We also measured radial velocities of 155 galaxies; 141 of these are
cluster members within 2.44 h^{-1} Mpc of the cluster center. The cluster
velocity dispersion of sigma~1000 km s^{-1} remains constant out to the
limiting radius. We find no evidence for substructure in the cluster. The
cluster mass within R=2.4 h^{-1} Mpc is 7.6+-1.3x10^{14} h^{-1} M_\odot.
  We compute the cluster luminosity function; the Schechter parameters
\alpha=-1.14\pm0.08 and M^*_H=-24.3\pm0.2 (with h=0.5) agree well with other
H-band luminosity functions. From the virial theorem and the caustic method we
compute one of the first mass-to-light ratios at H; the result is M/L_H=82-127
h M_\odot/L_\odot within 1.5 h^{-1} Mpc. This ratio corresponds to 374-579 h
M_\odot/L_\odot at R. The agreement of our IR measurement with previous $M/L$
determinations indicates that at low redshift dust and young stellar
populations may produce only negligible systematic errors in optical
mass-to-light ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41680 </DOCNO>
High-Energy Asymptotics of Photon--Photon Collisions in QCD


  The high-energy behaviour of the total cross section for highly virtual
photons, as predicted by the BFKL equation at next-to-leading order (NLO) in
QCD, is presented. The NLO BFKL predictions, improved by the BLM optimal scale
setting, are in excellent agreement with recent OPAL and L3 data at CERN LEP2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41188 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Physics Resource Book for Snowmass 2001 - Part 3:


  This Resource Book reviews the physics opportunities of a next-generation
e+e- linear collider and discusses options for the experimental program. Part 3
reviews the possible experiments on that can be done at a linear collider on
strongly coupled electroweak symmetry breaking, exotic particles, and extra
dimensions, and on the top quark, QCD, and two-photon physics. It also
discusses the improved precision electroweak measurements that this collider
will make available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114398 </DOCNO>
On the "barcode" functionality of the DNA, or The phenomenon of Life in


  The information contained in the genome is insufficient for the control of
organism development. Thus, the whereabouts of actual operational directives
and workings of the genome remain obscure. In this work, it is suggested that
the genome information plays a role of a "barcode". The DNA structure presents
a pseudo-random number(PRN)with classification tags, so organisms are
characterized by DNA as library books are characterized by catalogue numbers.
Elaboration of the "barcode" interpretation of DNA implicates the
infrastructure of the physical Universe as a seat of biological information
processing. Thanks to the PRNs provided by DNA, biological objects can share
these facilities in the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) mode, similarly to
cellular phone communications. Figuratively speaking, populations of biological
objects in the physical Universe can be seen as a community of users on the
Internet with a wireless CDMA connection. The phenomenon of Life as a
collective information processing activity has little to do with physics and is
to be treated with the methodology of engineering design. The concept of the
"barcode" functionality of DNA confronts the descriptive scientific doctrines
with a unique operational scheme of biological information control. Recognition
of this concept would require sacrificing the worldview of contemporary
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124279 </DOCNO>
Strip Searching for Supernovae


  The survey of a strip of sky carried out with a zenith-observing 4-m liquid
mirror can discover and observe several thousand supernovae/year to z = 1,
making it quite competitive with other proposed surveys. Because LMs are
inexpensive, and easy to build, a SNeIa survey can begin rapidly. As documented
in the published literature, the present technology, and its cost, has been
proven in both the laboratory and in observatory settings and is ready, at a
very modest cost, for a 4-m class telescope.
 As a bonus, the coadded data would survey 150 square degrees of sky to
magnitudes > 27, as deep as the deepest optical surveys but in a far larger
area of sky. There presently is a window of opportunity to make fundamental
discoveries by exploiting the cost advantage of this powerful novel technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2704 </DOCNO>
New SDW phases in quasi-one-dimensional systems dimerized in the


  The spin density wave instabilities in the quasi-one-dimensional metal
(TMTSF)_2ClO_4 are studied in the framework a matrix random phase approximation
for intra-band and inter-band order parameters. Depending on the anion ordering
potential V which measures the lattice doubling in the transverse direction,
two different instabilities are possible. The SDW_0 state at low values of V is
antiferromagnetic in b direction and has the critical temperature that
decreases rapidly with V. The degenerated states SDW_(+-), stable at higher
values of V, are superpositions of two magnetic orders, each one on its
subfamily of chains. As V increases the ratio between two components of
SDW_(+-) tends to zero and the critical temperature increases asymptotically
towards that of SDW instability for a system having perfect nesting and no
anion order. At intermediate V the metallic state can persist down to T=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6575 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium dynamics and fluctuation-dissipation relation in a


  The nonequilibrium dynamics of a binary Lennard-Jones mixture in a simple
shear flow is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The
range of temperature investigated covers both the liquid, supercooled and
glassy states, while the shear rate covers both the linear and nonlinear
regimes of rheology. The results can be interpreted in the context of a
nonequilibrium, schematic mode-coupling theory developed recently, which makes
the theory applicable to a wide range of soft glassy materials. The behavior of
the viscosity is first investigated. In the nonlinear regime, strong
shear-thinning is obtained. Scaling properties of the intermediate scattering
functions are studied. Standard `mode-coupling properties' of factorization and
time-superposition hold in this nonequilibrium situation. The
fluctuation-dissipation relation is violated in the shear flow in a way very
similar to that predicted theoretically, allowing for the definition of an
effective temperature Teff for the slow modes of the fluid. Temperature and
shear rate dependencies of Teff are studied using density fluctuations as an
observable. The observable dependence of Teff is also investigated. Many
different observables are found to lead to the same value of Teff, suggesting
several experimental procedures to access Teff. It is proposed that tracer
particle of large mass may play the role of an `effective thermometer'. When
the Einstein frequency of the tracers becomes smaller than the inverse
relaxation time of the fluid, a nonequilibrium equipartition theorem holds.
This last result gives strong support to the thermodynamic interpretation of
Teff and makes it experimentally accessible in a very direct way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149700 </DOCNO>
De Sitter Space in Supergravity and M Theory


  Two ways in which de Sitter space can arise in supergravity theories are
discussed. In the first, it arises as a solution of a conventional
supergravity, in which case it necessarily has no Killing spinors. For example,
de Sitter space can arise as a solution of N=8 gauged supergravities in four or
five dimensions. These lift to solutions of 11-dimensional supergravity or D=10
IIB supergravity which are warped products of de Sitter space and non-compact
spaces of negative curvature. In the second way, de Sitter space can arise as a
supersymmetric solution of an unconventional supergravity theory, which
typically has some kinetic terms with the `wrong' sign; such solutions are
invariant under a de Sitter supergroup. Such solutions lift to supersymmetric
solutions of unconventional supergravities in D=10 or D=11, which nonetheless
arise as field theory limits of theories that can be obtained from M-theory by
timelike T-dualities and related dualities. Brane solutions interpolate between
these solutions and flat space and lead to a holographic duality between
theories in de Sitter vacua and Euclidean conformal field theories. Previous
results are reviewed and generalised, and discussion is included of
Kaluza-Klein theory with non-compact internal spaces, brane and cosmological
solutions, and holography on de Sitter spaces and product spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123402 </DOCNO>
Application of an objective method for the identification of Young Star


  We present some results of the application of our automatic technique for the
identification of Young Star Groupings (YSGs) in spiral galaxies. In this
report we discuss our new results for NGC 3377a and NGC 3507 together with
previously published data of NGC 7217, NGC 1058 and UGC 12732. The aim of this
ongoing research is to obtain a wide sample of homogeneous data for the study
of the YSGs and their relationships with the properties of their parent
galaxies, using only objective identifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97248 </DOCNO>
Coherent Structures and Pattern Formation in Vlasov-Maxwell-Poisson


  We present the applications of methods from nonlinear local harmonic analysis
for calculations in nonlinear collective dynamics described by different forms
of Vlasov-Maxwell-Poisson equations. Our approach is based on methods provided
the possibility to work with well-localized in phase space bases, which gives
the most sparse representation for the general type of operators and good
convergence properties. The consideration is based on a number of anzatzes,
which reduce initial problems to a number of dynamical systems and on
variational-wavelet approach to polynomial approximations for nonlinear
dynamics. This approach allows us to construct the solutions via nonlinear
high-localized eigenmodes expansions in the base of compactly supported wavelet
bases and control contribution from each scale of underlying multiscales.
Numerical modelling demonstrates formation of coherent structures and stable
patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123645 </DOCNO>
High-mass X-ray binaries and OB-runaway stars


  High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) represent an important phase in the
evolution of massive binary systems. HMXBs provide unique diagnostics to test
massive-star evolution, to probe the physics of radiation-driven winds, to
study the process of mass accretion, and to measure fundamental parameters of
compact objects. As a consequence of the supernova explosion that produced the
neutron star (or black hole) in these systems, HMXBs have high space velocities
and thus are runaways. Alternatively, OB-runaway stars can be ejected from a
cluster through dynamical interactions. Observations obtained with the
Hipparcos satellite indicate that both scenarios are at work. Only for a
minority of the OB runaways (and HMXBs) a wind bow shock has been detected.
This might be explained by the varying local conditions of the interstellar
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125564 </DOCNO>
Cracking Open the Window for Strongly Interacting Massive Particles as


  In the early 1990's, an analysis was completed by several theorists of the
available mass/cross-section parameter space for unusual particle candidates to
solve the dark matter problem, e.g. strongly interacting massive particles
(SIMPs). This analysis found several unconstrained windows, such that for SIMP
masses and cross-sections within these windows, SIMPs could still be the
dominant dark matter in our Galactic halo. Since the early 1990's, some of
these windows have been narrowed or closed, and some of these windows have been
widened further by more careful analysis. We summarize the present state of the
SIMP parameter space, and point to the cosmological salience of SIMPs as dark
matter, given some of the present inadequacies of the WIMP solution to the dark
matter problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169433 </DOCNO>
A General SU(2) Formulation for Quantum Searching with Certainty


  A general quantum search algorithm with arbitrary unitary transformations and
an arbitrary initial state is considered in this work. To serach a marked state
with certainty, we have derived, using an SU(2) representation: (1) the
matching condition relating the phase rotations in the algorithm, (2) a concise
formula for evaluating the required number of iterations for the search, and
(3) the final state after the search, with a phase angle in its amplitude of
unity modulus. Moreover, the optimal choices and modifications of the phase
angles in the Grover kernel is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169132 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Stable Quantum Computation of Unstable Classical Chaos"


  I think the title and content of the recent Letter by Georgeot and
Shepelyanski [PRL 86, 5393 (2001), also quant-ph/0101004)] are not correct. As
long as the classical Arnold map is considered, the classical computational
algorithm can be made exactly equivalent with the quantum one. The claimed
advantage of the Letter's quantum algorithm disappears if we correctly restrict
the statistical analysis for the classical Arnold system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96778 </DOCNO>
On dynamical r-matrices obtained from Dirac reduction and their


  According to Etingof and Varchenko, the classical dynamical Yang-Baxter
equation is a guarantee for the consistency of the Poisson bracket on certain
Poisson-Lie groupoids. Here it is noticed that Dirac reductions of these
Poisson manifolds give rise to a mapping from dynamical r-matrices on a pair
$\L\subset \A$ to those on another pair $\K\subset \A$, where $\K\subset
\L\subset \A$ is a chain of Lie algebras for which $\L$ admits a reductive
decomposition as $\L=\K+\M$. Several known dynamical r-matrices appear
naturally in this setting, and its application provides new r-matrices, too. In
particular, we exhibit a family of r-matrices for which the dynamical variable
lies in the grade zero subalgebra of an extended affine Lie algebra obtained
from a twisted loop algebra based on an arbitrary finite dimensional self-dual
Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125699 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear effects in time-resolved spectra of DAVs


  Numerical simulations of light curves of variable DA white dwarfs (ZZ Ceti
stars) predict flux amplitudes with surface distributions different from the
spherical harmonics of the pulsation mode in deeper layers. In contrast to the
results of the perturbation analysis by Goldreich and Wu this is also true for
the fundamental period of the flux variation. As a consequence normalized
amplitude spectra depend not only on the mode number l but also on pulsation
amplitude and inclination. Another new result is that with increasing amplitude
of the pressure variation below the convection zone the flux variation at the
surface goes through a maximum and then decreases again.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 771 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation in variable dimensionality


  We introduce dimensional perturbation techniques to Bose-Einstein
condensation of inhomogeneous alkali gases (BEC). The perturbation parameter is
delta=1/kappa, where kappa depends on the effective dimensionality of the
condensate and on the angular momentum quantum number. We derive a simple
approximation that is more accurate and flexible than the N -> infinity
Thomas-Fermi ground state approximation (TFA) of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
The approximation presented here is well-suited for calculating properties of
states in three dimensions and in low effective dimensionality, such as vortex
states in a highly anisotropic trap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179490 </DOCNO>
Correlations and charge distributions of medium heavy nuclei


  The effects of long- and short-range correlations on the charge distributions
of some medium and heavy nuclei are investigated. The long-range correlations
are treated within the Random Phase Approximation framework and the short-range
correlations with a model inspired to the Correlation Basis Function theory.
The two type of correlations produce effects of the same order of magnitude. A
comparison with the empirical charge distribution difference between 206Pb and
205Tl shows the need of including both correlations to obtain a good
description of the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74069 </DOCNO>
Probe of SUSY and Extra Dimensions by the Brookhaven g-2 Experiment


  A brief review is given of $a_{\mu}=(g_{\mu}-2)/2$ as a probe of
supersymmetry and of extra dimensions. It is known since the early to mid
nineteen eightees that the supersymmetric electro-weak correction to $a_{\mu}$
can be as large or larger than the Standard Model electro-weak correction and
thus any experiment that proposes to test the Standard Model electro-weak
correction will also test the supersymmetric correction and constrain
supersymmetric models. The new physics effect seen in the Brookhaven (BNL)
experiment is consistent with these early expectations. Detailed analyses
within the well motivated supergravity unified model show that the size of the
observed difference ($a_{\mu}^{exp}-a_{\mu}^{SM}$) seen at Brookhaven implies
upper limits on sparticle masses in a mass range accessible to the direct
observation of these particles at the Large Hadron Collider. Further, analyses
also show that the BNL data is favorable for the detection of supersymmeteric
dark matter in direct dark matter searches. The effect of large extra
dimensions on $a_{\mu}$ is also discussed. It is shown that with the current
limits on the size of extra dimensions, which imply that the inverse size of
such dimensions lies in the TeV region, their effects on $a_{\mu}$ relative to
the supersymmetric contribution is small and thus extra dimensions do not
produce a serious background to the supersymmetric contribution. It is
concluded that the analysis of the additional data currently underway at
Brookhaven as well as a reduction of the hadronic error will help pin down the
scale of weak scale supersymmetry even more precisely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74959 </DOCNO>
The pion structure function and jet production in $\gamma p \to n X$


  Despite its theoretical and practical importance, the pion structure is still
badly constrained, particularly at low $x_{\pi}$ and in the sea-quark and gluon
sectors. Recently ZEUS have presented data on dijet photoproduction with a
leading neutron, which is dominated by slightly off-shell pion exchange and can
be used to constrain the pion densities down to $x_{\pi}\simeq 0.01$. We
compare a recent NLO calculation to the ZEUS data and find that the lower gluon
densities of SMRS seem to be preferred by the data. Theoretical uncertainties,
in particular from the pion flux, are discussed in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86201 </DOCNO>
Classical and Thermodynamic Stability of Black Branes


  It is argued that many non-extremal black branes exhibit a classical
Gregory-Laflamme instability if, and only if, they are locally
thermodynamically unstable. For some black branes, the Gregory-Laflamme
instability must therefore disappear near extremality. For the black $p$-branes
of the type II supergravity theories, the Gregory-Laflamme instability
disappears near extremality for $p=1,2,4$ but persists all the way down to
extremality for $p=5,6$ (the black D3-brane is not covered by the analysis of
this paper). This implies that the instability also vanishes for the
near-extremal black M2 and M5-brane solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86844 </DOCNO>
On all possible static spherically symmetric EYM solitons and black


  We prove local existence and uniqueness of static spherically symmetric
solutions of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations for any action of the rotation
group (or SU(2)) by automorphisms of a principal bundle over space-time whose
structure group is a compact semisimple Lie group G. These actions are
characterized by a vector in the Cartan subalgebra of g and are called regular
if the vector lies in the interior of a Weyl chamber. In the irregular cases
(the majority for larger gauge groups) the boundary value problem that results
for possible asymptotically flat soliton or black hole solutions is more
complicated than in the previously discussed regular cases. In particular,
there is no longer a gauge choice possible in general so that the Yang-Mills
potential can be given by just real-valued functions. We prove the local
existence of regular solutions near the singularities of the system at the
center, the black hole horizon, and at infinity, establish the parameters that
characterize these local solutions, and discuss the set of possible actions and
the numerical methods necessary to search for global solutions. That some
special global solutions exist is easily derived from the fact that su(2) is a
subalgebra of any compact semisimple Lie algebra. But the set of less trivial
global solutions remains to be explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149332 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Black Hole Degrees of Freedom in String Theory


  The Bekenstein-Hawking black hole area entropy law suggests that the quantum
degrees of freedom of black holes may be realized as projections of quantum
states unto the event horizon of the black hole. In this paper, we provide
further evidence for this interpretation in the context of string theory. In
particular, we argue that increase in the quantum entropy due to the capture of
infalling fundamental strings appears in the form of horizon degrees of
freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74938 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations Induced by Gravitational Recoil Effects


  Quantum gravitational fluctuations of the space-time background, described by
virtual D branes, may induce neutrino oscillations if a tiny violation of the
Lorentz invariance (or a violation of the equivalence principle) is imposed. In
this framework, the oscillation length of massless neutrinos turns out to be
proportional to M/E^2, where E is the neutrino energy and M is the mass scale
characterizing the topological fluctuations in the vacuum. Such a functional
dependence on the energy is the same obtained in the framework of loop quantum
gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3341 </DOCNO>
Micro-SQUID technique for studying the temperature dependence of


  An improved micro-SQUID technique is presented allowing us to measure the
temperature dependence of the magnetisation switching fields of single
nanoparticles well above the critical superconducting temperature of the SQUID.
Our first measurements on 3 nm cobalt nanoparticle embedded in a niobium matrix
are compared to the Neel Brown model describing the magnetisation reversal by
thermal activation over a single anisotropy barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96508 </DOCNO>
Special Lagrangians, stable bundles and mean curvature flow


  We make a conjecture about mean curvature flow of Lagrangian submanifolds of
Calabi-Yau manifolds, expanding on \cite{Th}. We give new results about the
stability condition, and propose a Jordan-H\"older-type decomposition of
(special) Lagrangians. The main results are the uniqueness of special
Lagrangians in hamiltonian deformation classes of Lagrangians, under mild
conditions, and a proof of the conjecture in some cases with symmetry: mean
curvature flow converging to Shapere-Vafa's examples of SLags.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4954 </DOCNO>
Optical Pumping in Ferromagnet-Semiconductor Heterostructures:


  Epitaxial ferromagnetic metal - semiconductor heterostructures are
investigated using polarization-dependent electroabsorption measurements on
GaAs p-type and n-type Schottky diodes with embedded In1-xGaxAs quantum wells.
We have conducted studies as a function of photon energy, bias voltage,
magnetic field, and excitation geometry. For optical pumping with circularly
polarized light at energies above the band edge of GaAs, photocurrents with
spin polarizations on the order of 1 % flow from the semiconductor to the
ferromagnet under reverse bias. For optical pumping at normal incidence, this
polarization may be enhanced significantly by resonant excitation at the
quantum well ground-state. Measurements in a side-pumping geometry, in which
the ferromagnet can be saturated in very low magnetic fields, show hysteresis
that is also consistent with spin-dependent transport. Magneto-optical effects
that influence these measurements are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 101 </DOCNO>
Width of phonon states on defects of various dimensions


  We consider the localized phonon states created by defects of various
geometries near the edge of an optical-phonon branch. The averaged Green's
function is calculated to study the Raman line shape. The phonon scattering by
the defects induces broadening and line shape asymmetry.
 The contribution of localized states to Raman spectra has a form of shoulder
with a width proportional to the square root of defect concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6795 </DOCNO>
Phase transition induced hydrodynamic instability and Langmuir-Blodgett


  We propose a model to understand periodic oscillations relevant to the origin
of mesoscopic channels formed during a Langmuir-Blodgett deposition observed in
recent experiments \{M. Gleiche, L.F. Chi, and H. Fuchs, Nature {\bf 403}, 173
(2000)\}. We numerically study one-dimensional flow of a van der Waals fluid
near its discontinuous liquid-gas transition and find that steady-state flow
becomes unstable in the vicinity of the phase transition. Instabilities leading
to complex periodic density-oscillations are demonstrated at some suitably
chosen sets of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99176 </DOCNO>
Twisted Internal coHom Objects in the Category of Quantum Spaces


  Adapting the idea of twisted tensor products to the category of finitely
generated algebras, we define on its opposite, the category QLS of quantum
linear spaces, a family of objects hom(B,A)^{op}, one for each pair
A^{op},B^{op} there, with analogous properties to its internal Hom objects, but
representing spaces of transformations whose coordinate rings hom(B,A) and the
ones of their respective domains B^{op} do not commute among themselves. The
mentioned non commutativity is controlled by a collection of twisting maps
\tau_{A,B}. We show that the (bi)algebras end(A)=hom(A,A), under certain
circumstances, are 2-cocycle twistings of the quantum semigroups end(A) in the
untwisted case. This fact generalizes the twist equivalence (at a semigroup
level) between, for instance, the quantum groups GL_{q}(n) and their
multiparametric versions GL_{q,\phi}(n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7492 </DOCNO>
Violation of finite-size scaling for the free energy near criticality


  The singular part of the finite-size free energy density $f_s$ of the O($n$)
symmetric $\phi^4$ field theory is calculated for confined geometries of linear
size L with periodic boundary conditions in the large-N limit and with
Dirichlet boundary conditions in one-loop order. We find that both a sharp
cutoff and a subleading long-range interaction cause a non-universal L
dependence of $f_s$ near $T_c$. For film geometry this implies a non-universal
critical Casimir force with an algebraic L dependence that dominates the
exponential finite-size scaling behavior above $T_c$ for both periodic and
Dirichlet boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96179 </DOCNO>
The splitting of primes in division fields of elliptic curves


  In this paper we will give a global description of the Frobenius for the
division fields of an elliptic curve E which is strictly analogous to the
cyclotomic case. This is then applied to determine the splitting of a prime p
in subfields of such a division field. Such fields include a large class of
non-solvable quintic extensions and our application provides an arithmetic
counterpart to Klein's "solution" of quintic equations using elliptic
functions. A central role is played by the discriminant of the ring of
endomorphisms of the elliptic curve reduced modulo p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75314 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model Prediction for Muon g-2


  The present Standard Model prediction for muon g-2 is reviewed. Emphasis is
put in discussing the main hadronic uncertainties at present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128983 </DOCNO>
An unusually massive stellar black hole in the Galaxy


  Here we report a measurement of the orbital period and mass function of GRS
1915+105 which allow us to deduce a mass of 14 +- 4 solar masses for its black
hole. This large mass provides a challenge for black hole formation scenarios
in binaries, since black holes with masses above 5-7 solar masses are hard to
explain. Also, the mass estimate allows us to understand the unique X-ray
variability of GRS 1915+105 as being due to instabilities of a
radiation-pressure dominated disk radiating near the Eddington limit. Finally,
several models are constrained which relate observable X-ray properties to the
spin of black holes in microquasars. Once further calibrated, these relations
may soon turn into a valuable tool to study relativistic effects in strong
gravitational fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74047 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of Non-Equilibrium States in Quantum Field


  Within the framework of relativistic quantum field theory, a novel method is
established which allows to distinguish non-equilibrium states admitting
locally a thermodynamic interpretation. The basic idea is to compare these
states with global equilibrium states (KMS states) by means of local thermal
observables. With the help of such observables, the states can be ordered into
classes of increasing local thermal stability. Moreover, it is possible to
identify states exhibiting certain specific thermal properties of interest,
such as a definite local temperature or entropy density. The method is
illustrated in a simple model describing the spatio-temporal evolution of a
``big heat bang''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129715 </DOCNO>
Rapid Formation of Ice Giant Planets


  The existence of Uranus and Neptune presents severe difficulties for the core
accretion model for the formation of ice giant planets. We suggest an
alternative mechanism, namely disk instability leading to the formation of gas
giant protoplanets, coagulation and settling of dust grains to form ice/rock
cores at their centers, and photoevaporation of their gaseous envelopes by a
nearby OB star, as a possible means of forming ice giant planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96689 </DOCNO>
Triples of arrangements and local systems


  For a triple of complex hyperplane arrangements, there is a well-known long
exact sequence relating the cohomology of the complements. We observe that this
result extends to certain local coefficient systems, and use this extension to
study the characteristic varieties of arrangements. We show that the first
characteristic variety may contain components that are translated by characters
of any order, thereby answering a question of A. Suciu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150259 </DOCNO>
Consistent reduction of N=2 -> N=1 four dimensional supergravity coupled


  We analyze the constraints which follow both on the geometry and on the gauge
sector for a consistent supergravity reduction of a general matter-coupled N=2
supergravity theory in four dimensions. These constraints can be derived in an
elegant way by looking at the fermionic sector of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2233 </DOCNO>
Interacting circular nanomagnets


  Regular 2D rectangular lattices of permalloy nanoparticles (40 nm in
diameter) were prepared by the method of the electron lithography. The
magnetization curves were studied by Hall magnetometry with the compensation
technique for different external field orientations at 4.2K and 77K. The shape
of hysteresis curves indicates that there is magnetostatic interaction between
the particles. The main peculiarity is the existence of remanent magnetization
perpendicular to easy plain. By numerical simulation it is shown, that the
character of the magnetization reversal is a result of the interplay of the
interparticle interaction and the magnetization distribution within the
particles (vortex or uniform).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179703 </DOCNO>
Staggering behavior of the low lying excited states of even-even nuclei


  We implement a high order discrete derivative analysis of the low lying
collective energies of even-even nuclei with respect to the total number of
valence nucleon pairs N in the framework of F- spin multiplets appearing in a
symplectic sp(4,R) classification scheme. We find that for the nuclei of any
given F- multiplet the respective experimental energies exhibit a Delta N=2
staggering behavior and for the nuclei of two united neighboring F- multiplets
well pronounced Delta N=1 staggering patterns are observed. Those effects have
been reproduced successfully through a generalized sp(4,R) model energy
expression and explained in terms of the step-like changes in collective modes
within the F- multiplets and the alternation of the F-spin projection in the
united neighboring multiplets. On this basis we suggest that the observed Delta
N=2 and Delta N=1 staggering effects carry detailed information about the
respective systematic manifestation of both high order alpha - particle like
quartetting of nucleons and proton (neutron) pairing interaction in nuclei.PACS
number(s):21.10.Re, 21.60.Fw

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 765 </DOCNO>
Non-equilibrium transitions in fully frustrated Josephson junction


  We study the effect of thermal fluctuations in a fully frustrated Josephson
junction array driven by a current I larger than the apparent critical current
I_c(T). We calculate numerically the behavior of the chiral order parameter of
Z_2 symmetry and the transverse helicity modulus (related to the U(1) symmetry)
as a function of temperature. We find that the Z_2 transition occurs at a
temperature T_{Z_2}(I) which is lower than the temperature T_{U(1)}(I) for the
U(1) transition. Both transitions could be observed experimentally from
measurements of the longitudinal and transverse voltages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129357 </DOCNO>
An Upper Limit to the Mass of rho1 Cnc's Radial Velocity Companion


  Doppler spectroscopy of rho1 Cnc has detected evidence of a companion with an
orbital period of 14.65 days and a minimum mass of 0.88 Jupiter masses.
Astrometric observations performed with the Hubble Space Telescope Fine
Guidance Sensor 1r using a novel new observing technique have placed an upper
limit on the astrometric reflex motion of rho1 Cnc in a time period of only one
month. These observations detected no reflex motion induced by the 14.65 day
period radial velocity companion, allowing us to place a 3-sigma upper limit of
\~0.3 milliarcseconds on the semi-major axis of this motion, ruling out the
preliminary Hipparcos value of 1.15 milliarcseconds. The corresponding upper
limit on the true mass of the companion is ~30 Mj, confirming that it is a
sub-stellar object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149365 </DOCNO>
QED Effective Action Revisited


  The derivation of a convergent series representation for the quantum
electrodynamic effective action obtained by two of us (S.R.V. and D.R.L.) in
[Can. J. Phys. vol. 71, p. 389 (1993)] is reexamined. We present more details
of our original derivation. Moreover, we discuss the relation of the
electric-magnetic duality to the integral representation for the effective
action, and we consider the application of nonlinear convergence acceleration
techniques which permit the efficient and reliable numerical evaluation of the
quantum correction to the Maxwell Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1122 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Tomography


  Neutral atoms may be trapped via the interaction of their magnetic dipole
moment with magnetic field gradients. One of the possible schemes is the
cloverleaf trap. It is often desirable to have at hand a fast and precise
technique for measuring the magnetic field distribution. We introduce a novel
diagnostic tool for instantaneous imaging the equipotential lines of a magnetic
field within a region of space (the vacuum recipient) that is not accessible to
massive probes. Our technique is based on spatially resolved observation of the
fluorescence emitted by a hot beam of sodium atoms crossing a thin slice of
resonant laser light within the magnetic field region to be investigated. The
inhomogeneous magnetic field spatially modulates the resonance condition
between the Zeeman-shifted hyperfine sublevels and the laser light and
therefore the amount of scattered photons. We demonstrate this technique by
mapping the field of our cloverleaf trap in three dimensions under various
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83887 </DOCNO>
'Negotiated Liberalization': Stakeholder Politics and Communication


  The paper examines the South African transition from apartheid to democracy
through the lens of the reform of the communication sector. Through a set of
participatory stakeholder consultative processes, the institutions of
broadcasting, telecommunications, print press, and state information agency
underwent reform in a process I refer to as 'negotiated liberalization.'

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124792 </DOCNO>
Myon Density Measurements with the KASCADE Central Detector


  Frequency distributions of local muon densities in high-energy extensive
air-showers (EAS) are presented as signature of the primary cosmic ray energy
spectrum in the knee region. Together with the gross shower variables like
shower core position, angle of incidence, and the shower sizes, the KASCADE
experiment is able to measure local muon densities for two different muon
energy thresholds. The spectra have been reconstructed for various core
distances, as well as for particular subsamples, classified on the basis of the
shower size ratio N_mu/N_e. The measured density spectra of the total sample
exhibit clear kinks reflecting the knee of the primary energy spectrum. While
relatively sharp changes of the slopes are observed in the spectrum of EAS with
small values of the shower size ratio, no such feature is detected at EAS of
large N_mu/N_e ratio in the energy range of 1--10 PeV. Comparing the spectra
for various thresholds and core distances with detailed Monte Carlo simulations
the validity of EAS simulations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1683 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Calogero-Moser-Sutherland models and Jack


  A new generalization of the Jack polynomials that incorporates fermionic
variables is presented. These Jack superpolynomials are constructed as those
eigenfunctions of the supersymmetric extension of the trigonometric
Calogero-Moser-Sutherland (CMS) model that decomposes triangularly in terms of
the symmetric monomial superfunctions. Many explicit examples are displayed.
Furthermore, various new results have been obtained for the supersymmetric
version of the CMS models: the Lax formulation, the construction of the Dunkl
operators and the explicit expressions for the conserved charges. The
reformulation of the models in terms of the exchange-operator formalism is a
crucial aspect of our analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125469 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Ray Protons Accelerated at Cosmological Shocks and Their Impact


  We investigate the production of cosmic ray (CR) protons at cosmological
shocks by performing, for the first time, numerical simulations of large scale
structure formation that include directly the acceleration, transport and
energy losses of the high energy particles. CRs are injected at shocks
according to the thermal leakage model and, thereafter, accelerated to a
power-law distribution as indicated by the test particle limit of the diffusive
shock acceleration theory. The evolution of the CR protons accounts for losses
due to adiabatic expansion/compression, Coulomb collisions and inelastic p-p
scattering. Our results suggest that CR protons produced at shocks formed in
association with the process of large scale structure formation could amount to
a substantial fraction of the total pressure in the intra-cluster medium. Their
presence should be easily revealed by GLAST through detection of gamma-ray flux
from the decay of neutral pions produced in inelastic p-p collisions of such CR
protons with nuclei of the intra-cluster gas. This measurement will allow a
direct determination of the CR pressure contribution in the intra-cluster
medium. We also find that the spatial distribution of CR is typically more
irregular than that of the thermal gas because it is more influenced by the
underlying distribution of shocks. This feature is reflected in the appearance
of our gamma-ray synthetic images. Finally, the average CR pressure
distribution appears statistically slightly more extended than the thermal
pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128919 </DOCNO>
Supernova search in the afterglow of gamma ray burst 011121


  In order to assist in planing the search of supernova (SN) in the late time
afterglow (AG) of the gamma ray burst (GRB) 011121 we use the Cannonball Model
of GRBs and the observations of its afterglow in the R band in the first two
days to predict its late time decline and intrinsic spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83904 </DOCNO>
The Consumer Product Selection Process in an Internet Age: Obstacles to


  Intermediaries, like real estate agents, Consumer Reports, and Zagats, have
long helped buyers to identify their most suitable options. Now, the
combination of databases and the Internet enables them to serve consumers
dramatically more effectively. This article begins by offering a three-part
framework for understanding the evolving forms of selection assistance. It then
focuses on numerous potential obstacles that could prevent shoppers from
enjoying the full benefits of these developing technologies. While concluding
that adjustments to business strategies and the enforcement of existing laws
can effectively overcome most of these impediments, the article identifies
several areas where proactive government action may be desirable, such as to
prevent the emergence of anticompetitive entry barriers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123536 </DOCNO>
ISOCAM-CVF 5-12 mum Spectroscopy of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies


  We present low resolution mid infrared spectra of 16 ultraluminous infrared
galaxies (ULIRGs) obtained with the CVF spectroscopy mode of ISOCAM on board
the Infrared Space Observatory ISO. Our sample completes previous ISO
spectroscopy of ultra- and hyperluminous infrared galaxies towards higher
luminosities. The combined samples cover an infrared luminosity range of
\~10^{12 -13.1} Lo. For about half of the high luminosity ULIRGs studied here,
strong aromatic emission bands suggest starburst dominance. Other spectra are
dominated by a strong AGN-related continuum with weak superposed emission
features of uncertain nature. An improved method to quantitatively characterize
the relative contribution of star formation and AGN activity to the
mid-infrared emission of ULIRGs is presented. As dominant source of the
bolometric luminosity, starbursts prevail at the lower end and AGNs at the
higher end of this range. The transition between mostly starburst and mostly
AGN powered occurs at ~10^{12.4}$ to $10^{12.5} Lo, and individual luminous
starbursts are found up to ~10^{12.65} Lo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148781 </DOCNO>
Representations of the Renormalization Group as Matrix Lie Algebra


  Renormalization is cast in the form of a Lie algebra of matrices. By
exponentiation, these matrices generate counterterms for Feynman diagrams with
subdivergences. The matrices are triangular, and in general infinite. As
representations of an insertion operator, the matrices provide explicit
representations of the Connes-Kreimer Lie algebra. In fact, the right-symmetric
nonassociative algebra of the Connes-Kreimer insertion product is equivalent to
an ``Ihara bracket'' in the matrix Lie algebra. We check our results in a few
three-loop examples in scalar field theory. Apart from the obvious application
to high-precision phenomenology, some ideas about possible applications in
noncommutative geometry and functional integration are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74461 </DOCNO>
Rapidity particle spectra in sudden hadronization of QGP


  We show that the remaining internal longitudinal flow of colliding quarks in
nuclei offers a natural explanation for the diversity of rapidity spectral
shapes observed in Pb--Pb 158AGeV nuclear collisions. Thus QGP sudden
hadronization reaction picture is a suitable approach to explain the rapidity
spectra of hadrons produced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99036 </DOCNO>
Hodge structure on the cohomology of the moduli space of Higgs bundles


  We study the moduli space of Higgs bundles on a compact Riemann surface. It
was shown by Thaddeus and Hausel that the rational cohomology ring of this
space is generated by universal classes. In this paper, we use their results to
compute the Hodge structure on the cohomology of this moduli space. We show
that the natural Hodge structure on H^k is pure of weight k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95525 </DOCNO>
Surgery formula for torsions and Seiberg-Witten invariants of


  We give a surgery formula for the torsions and Seiberg-Witten invariants
associated with $Spin^c$-structures on 3-manifolds. We use the technique of
Reidemeister-type torsions and their refinements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4987 </DOCNO>
Bottom-loading dilution refrigerator with ultra-high vacuum deposition


  A Kelvinox 400 dilution refrigerator with the ability to load samples onto
the mixing chamber from the bottom of the cryostat has been combined with an
ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) deposition chamber equipped with molecular beam sources.
The liquid helium cooled sample transfer mechanism is used in a manner that
allows films to be grown on substrates which are kept at temperatures of order
8K with chamber pressures in the 10^-9 to 10^-10 Torr range. This system
facilitates the growth of quench-condensed ultrathin films which must always be
kept below ~ 12K in a UHV environment during and after growth. Measurements can
be made on the films down to millikelvin temperatures and in magnetic fields up
to 15 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81498 </DOCNO>
A remark on the numerical validation of triviality for scalar field


  We suggest a simple modification of the usual procedures of analysis for the
high-temperature (strong-coupling or hopping-parameter) expansions of the
renormalized four-point coupling constant in the fourdimensional phi^4 lattice
scalar field theory. As a result we can more convincingly validate numerically
the triviality of the continuum limit taken from the high temperature phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95907 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Hamiltonean n-vectors in Multisymplectic Field Theory


  Multisymplectic geometry - which originates from the well known de
Donder-Weyl theory - is a natural framework for the study of classical field
theories. Recently, two algebraic structures have been put forward to encode a
given theory algebraically. Those structures are formulated on finite
dimensional spaces, which seems to be surprising at first. In this article, we
investigate the correspondence of Hamiltonian functions and certain
antisymmetric tensor products of vector fields. The latter turn out to be the
proper generalisation of the Hamiltonian vector fields of classical mechanics.
Thus we clarify the algebraic description of solutions of the field equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99012 </DOCNO>
A Universal Solution


  The phenomenon of an implicit function which solves a large set of second
order partial differential equations obtainable from a variational principle is
explicated by the introduction of a class of universal solutions to the
equations derivable from an arbitrary Lagrangian which is homogeneous of weight
one in the field derivatives. This result is extended to many fields. The
imposition of Lorentz invariance makes such Lagrangians unique, and equivalent
to the Companion Lagrangians introduced in [baker].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124789 </DOCNO>
The Expected Mass Function for Low Mass Galaxies in a CDM Cosmology: Is


  It is well known that the mass function for_halos_ in CDM cosmology is a
relatively steep power law for low masses, possibly too steep to be consistent
with observations. But how steep is the_galaxy_ mass function? We have analyzed
the stellar and gas mass functions of the first massive luminous objects formed
in a \Lambda CDM universe, as calculated in the numerical simulation described
in Gnedin (2000ab). We found that while the dark matter mass function is steep,
the stellar and gas mass functions are flatter for low mass objects. The
stellar mass function is consistently flat at the low mass end. Moreover, while
the gas mass function follows the dark matter mass function until reionization
at z~7, between z=7 and z=4, the gas mass function also flattens considerably
at the low mass end. At z=4, the gas and stellar mass functions are fit by a
Schechter function with \alpha ~ -1.2 +/- 0.1, significantly shallower than the
dark matter halo mass function and consistent with some recent observations.
The baryonic mass functions are shallower because (a) the dark matter halo mass
function is consistent with the Press-Schechter formulation at low masses n(M)
  M^-2 and (b) heating/cooling and ionization processes appear to cause baryons
to collect in halos with the relationship M_b M_d^4 at low masses. Combining
(a) and (b) gives n(M_b) M_b^-5/4, comparable to the simulation results. Thus,
the well known observational fact that low mass galaxies are underabundant as
compared to expectations from numerical dark matter simulations or
Press-Schechter modeling of CDM universes emerges naturally from these results,
implying that perhaps no ``new physics'' beyond the standard model is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2806 </DOCNO>
Quantum transport in parallel magnetic fields: A realization of the


  We analyze the magnetoconductance of two-dimensional electron and hole gases
(2DEGs) subject to a parallel magnetic field. It is shown that, for confining
potential wells which are symmetric with respect to spatial inversion, a
temperature-dependent weak localization signal exists even in the presence of a
magnetic field. Deviations from this symmetry lead to magnetoconductance
profiles that contain information on both, the geometry of the confining
potential and characteristics of the disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97837 </DOCNO>
Verification Theorems for Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations


  We study an optimal control problem in Bolza form and we consider the value
function associated to this problem. We prove two verification theorems which
ensure that, if a function $W$ satisfies some suitable weak continuity
assumptions and a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman inequality outside a rectifiable set
of codimension one, then it coincides with the value function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5506 </DOCNO>
Relaxation and Landau-Zener experiments down to 100 mK in ferritin


  Temperature-independent magnetic viscosity in ferritin has been observed from
2 K down to 100 mK, proving that quantum tunneling plays the main role in these
particles at low temperature. Magnetic relaxation has also been studied using
the Landau-Zener method making the system crossing zero resonant field at
different rates, alpha=dH/dt, ranging from 10^{-5} to 10^{-3} T/s, and at
different temperatures, from 150 mK up to the blocking temperature. We propose
a new Tln(Delta H_{eff}/tau_0 alpha) scaling law for the Landau-Zener
probability in a system distributed in volumes, where Delta H_{eff} is the
effective width of the zero field resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148114 </DOCNO>
Gravity on $AdS_3$ and flat connections in the boundary CFT


  We consider the CFT that arises from the D1-D5 system in the presence of a
constant background gauge potential which couples to the R-charge of the
theory: this potential effectively changes the periodicities of the fermions.
By the AdS/CFT correspondence, the effect of this connnection should be
obtained by finding a smooth solution to the vector field in AdS space which
couples to the constant mode of the R-current in the CFT. We investigate such
solutions for small values of the connection, and contrast these with
spacetimes which have `Wilson lines for the bulk ' -- spacetimes that are
locally AdS times a sphere but have a global deformation. The latter class are
in general singular spacetimes. We comment on some aspects of the recently
found geometries corresponding to the D1-D5 state with angular momentum,
observing relations between scales in the microscopic theory and scales in the
geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127268 </DOCNO>
Cluster-Cluster Lensing in Abell 2152


  We discuss lensing properties of the nearby cluster Abell 2152. Recent work
shows that Abell 2152 is actually the projection of two different clusters, one
of which is a Hercules supercluster member at z=0.043, while the other is more
than 3 times as distant. The cluster centers have a projected separation of
only 2.4 arcmin, and our data indicate that the foreground cluster lenses
members of the background one. We have an ongoing program to measure the
magnification of the fundamental plane in the background cluster. The
magnification of this standard rod will provide an estimate of the foreground
cluster mass free from the uncertainty of the mass-sheet degeneracy which
affects mass estimates based on weak shear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124224 </DOCNO>
The proper motion of the neutron star RXJ1856.5-3754 as measured by


  The proper motion of the faint (V=25.6 mag) neutron star RXJ1856.5-3754 as
measured consistently with both the FORS1 optical imager on the ESO Very Large
Telescope (VLT) as well as with the ROSAT High Resolution Imager is presented.
With two VLT images obtained with a 0.95 year epoch difference in Apr 1999 and
Apr 2000, a proper motion of mu_alpha = 0.326 \pm 0.064" per year to the east
and no detectable motion in declination is found, consistent with simultaneous
findings by Walter (2001) using three HST observations. Also, by comparing the
positional differences between the strong X-ray source RXJ1856.5-3754 and other
X-ray sources detected in the same ROSAT High Resolution Imager field (observed
in Oct 1994 and Oct 1997), a proper motion of 0.34 \pm 0.12" to the east is
detected. This may be the first star, where a proper motion is clearly detected
in X-ray images. Additional VLT images taken in half-year intervalls give an
upper limit to the parallax of about 51 mas. Furthermore, in archived VLT
observations, the first B-band detection of this object is found with B=25.14
\pm 0.41 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2431 </DOCNO>
BPS kinks in the Gross-Neveu model


  We find the exact spectrum and degeneracies for the Gross-Neveu model in two
dimensions. This model describes N interacting Majorana fermions; it is
asymptotically free, and has dynamical mass generation and spontaneous chiral
symmetry breaking. We show here that the spectrum contains 2^{N/2} kinks for
any $N$. The unusual \sqrt{2} in the number of kinks for odd $N$ comes from
restrictions on the allowed multi-kink states. These kinks are the BPS states
for a generalized supersymmetry where the conserved current is of dimension
N/2; the N=3 case is the {\cal N}=1 supersymmetric sine-Gordon model, for which
the spectrum consists of 2\sqrt{2} kinks. We find the exact S matrix for these
kinks, and the exact free energy for the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73827 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills Fields Quantization in the Factor Space


  The perturbation theory over inverse interaction constant $1/g$ is
constructed for Yang-Mills theory. It is shown that the new perturbation theory
is free from the gauge ghosts and Gribov's ambiguities, each order over $1/g$
presents the gauge-invariant quantity. It is remarkable that offered
perturbation theory did not contain divergences, at least in the vector fields
sector, and no renormalization procedure is necessary for it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73280 </DOCNO>
Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment (g-2)_mu and the Randall-Sundrum Model


  We study the effects of the Kaluza-Klein gravitons in the Randall-Sundrum
model on the recent BNL measurements of the muon (g-2) deviation from the
standard model prediction. By examining the J-partial wave unitarity bounds of
the elastic process gamma+gamma->gamma+gamma, the cut-off on the number of
massive KK gravitons, n_c, has been introduced. We found that the recently
measured (Delta a_mu) can be accommodated in the RS model, within the natural
parameter space allowed by the perturbative unitarity. For example, dozens
(hundreds) of the n_c for Lambda_pi=1-2 TeV (3 TeV) can explain the reported
Delta a_mu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75612 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Meson Observables at One-Loop in Partially Quenched Chiral


  I present one-loop level calculations of the Isgur-Wise functions for B ->
D^{(*)} + e + nu, of the matrix elements of isovector twist-2 operators in B
and D mesons, and the matrix elements for the radiative decays D^* -> D + gamma
in partially quenched heavy quark chiral perturbation theory. Such expressions
are required in order to extrapolate from the light quark masses used in
lattice simulations of the foreseeable future to those of nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127886 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Jet Domination of the Nuclear Radio Emission in


  We present simultaneous, sub-arcsecond (<=50pc) resolution 5 GHz, 8.4 GHz,
and 15 GHz VLA observations of a well-defined sample of sixteen low-luminosity
active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs). The radio emission in most of these nuclei
does not show the rising spectrum (0.2 <= s <= 1.3, L_nu propto nu^{s})
expected from thermal electrons in an advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF)
with or without weak to moderately-strong outflows. Rather, the flat radio
spectra are indicative of either synchrotron self-absorbed emission from jets,
convection-dominated accretion flows (CDAFs) with L >= 10^{-5} L_Edd, or ADAFs
with strong (p >= 0.6) outflows. The jet interpretation is favored by three
factors: a) the detection of pc-scale radio extensions, morphologically
reminiscent of jets, in the five nuclei with the highest peak radio
flux-density; b) the domination of parsec-scale jet radio emission over
unresolved `core' emission in the three best-studied nuclei; and c) the lack of
any clear correlation between radio spectral shape and black hole mass as would
be expected from the dependence of the radio turnover frequency on black hole
mass in ADAF and CDAF models. A jet domination of nuclear radio emission
implies significantly lower accretion rates in ADAF-type models than earlier
estimated from core radio luminosities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86244 </DOCNO>
Mapping the gravitational wave background


  The gravitational wave sky is expected to have isolated bright sources
superimposed on a diffuse gravitational wave background. The background
radiation has two components: a confusion limited background from unresolved
astrophysical sources; and a cosmological component formed during the birth of
the universe. A map of the gravitational wave background can be made by
sweeping a gravitational wave detector across the sky. The detector output is a
complicated convolution of the sky luminosity distribution, the detector
response function and the scan pattern. Here we study the general
de-convolution problem, and show how LIGO (Laser Interferometric Gravitational
Observatory) and LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) can be used to
detect anisotropies in the gravitational wave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6718 </DOCNO>
Correlation energies of inhomogeneous many-electron systems


  We generalize the uniform-gas correlation energy formalism of Singwi, Tosi,
Land and Sjolander to the case of an arbitrary inhomogeneous many-particle
system. For jellium slabs of finite thickness with a self-consistent LDA
groundstate Kohn-Sham potential as input, our numerical results for the
correlation energy agree well with diffusion Monte Carlo results. For a helium
atom we also obtain a good correlation energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169258 </DOCNO>
Teleportation implementation of non-deterministic quantum logic


  We present a feasible scheme to implement the non-deterministic quantum logic
operation of Knill, Laflamme and Milburn (Nature, 409, 46-52(2001)) by using a
teleportation protocol, which requires only single-photon sources, linear
optical elements and photon detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3652 </DOCNO>
Suppression of carrier induced ferromagnetism by composition and spin


  We suggest an approach to account for spatial (composition) and thermal
fluctuations in "disordered" magnetic models (e.g. Heisenberg, Ising) with
given spatial dependence of magnetic spin-spin interaction. Our approach is
based on introduction of fluctuating molecular field (rather than mean field)
acting between the spins. The distribution function of the above field is
derived self-consistently. In general case this function is not Gaussian,
latter asymptotics occurs only at sufficiently large spins (magnetic ions)
concentrations $n_i$. Our approach permits to derive the equation for a
critical temperature $T_c$ of ferromagnetic phase transition with respect to
the above fluctuations. We apply our theory to the analysis of influence of
composition fluctuations on $T_c$ in diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) with
RKKY indirect spin-spin interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168574 </DOCNO>
Photon counting for quantum key distribution with Peltier cooled


  The performance of three types of InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes is
investigated for photon counting at 1550 nm in the temperature range of
thermoelectric cooling. The best one yields a dark count probability of $%
2.8\cdot 10^{-5}$ per gate (2.4 ns) at a detection efficiency of 10% and a
temperature of -60C. The afterpulse probability and the timing jitter are also
studied. The results obtained are compared with those of other papers and
applied to the simulation of a quantum key distribution system. An error rate
of 10% would be obtained after 54 kilometers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97956 </DOCNO>
Critical exponents for two-dimensional percolation


  We show how to combine Kesten's scaling relations, the determination of
critical exponents associated to the stochastic Loewner evolution process by
Lawler, Schramm, and Werner, and Smirnov's proof of Cardy's formula, in order
to determine the existence and value of critical exponents associated to
percolation on the triangular lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5834 </DOCNO>
Exchange-correlation effects in magnetic-field-induced superconductivity


  Motivated by recent experiments on the organic superconductor
$\lambda-(BETS)_2FeCl_4$ we study the Jaccarino-Peter effect (JPE), the
earliest example of magnetic-field-induced superconductivity, from the point of
view of current-density-functional theory. It is found that both Meissner
(diamagnetic) and Pauli (paramagnetic) pair breaking are suppressed by an
exchange-correlation contribution to the vector potential, arising at the sites
of the magnetic ions. This explains a number of otherwise puzzling experimental
observations, and sheds new light on earlier theories of the JPE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124429 </DOCNO>
Circumstellar environment of RX Puppis


  The symbiotic Mira, RX Pup, shows long-term variations in its mean light
level due to variable obscuration by circumstellar dust. The last increase in
extinction towards the Mira, between 1995 and 2000, has been accompanied by
large changes in the degree of polarization in the optical and red spectral
range. The lack of any obvious associated changes in the position angle may
indicate the polarization variations are driven by changes in the properties of
the dust grains (e.g. variable quantity of dust and variable particle size
distribution, due to dust grain formation and growth) rather than changes in
the viewing geometry of the scattering region(s), e.g. due to the binary
rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87315 </DOCNO>
Scalar field description of decaying-$\Lambda$ cosmologies


  The conditions under which cosmologies driven by time varying cosmological
terms can be described by a scalar field coupled to a perfect fluid are
discussed. An algorithm to reconstruct potentials dynamically and
thermodynamically analogue to given phenomenological $\Lambda$ models is
presented. As a worked example, the deflationary cosmology, which evolves from
a pure de Sitter vacuum state to a slightly modified FRW cosmology is
considered. It is found that this is an example of nonsingular warm inflation
with an asymptotic exponential potential. Differences with respect to other
scalar field descriptions of decaying vacuum cosmologies are addressed and
possible extensions are indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73454 </DOCNO>
Bulk Fermions in Multi-Brane Worlds


  We study bulk fermion fields in various multi-brane models with localized
gravity. The chiral zero mode that these models support can be identified as a
right-handed sterile neutrino. In this case small neutrino Dirac masses can
naturally appear due to a localization of the bulk fermion zero mode
wavefunction, in an analogous way to graviton, without invoking the see-saw
mechanism. The conditions and the options for localization are discussed in
detail. It is shown that, considering a well motivated five dimensional mass
term, the localization behaviour of this mode can resemble the graviton's at
least in a region of the parameter space. As a result, the ''+-+'', ''++''
models can support, in addition to the ultralight graviton KK state, an
ultralight localized and strongly coupled bulk fermion KK mode. We find that
there are severe constraints on the parameter space of ''+-+'' and ''++''
models if the neutrino properties resulting from this light fermion state are
to be reasonable. Furthermore, in the case that also the Bigravity scenario is
realized the above special KK mode can induce too large mixing between the
neutrino and the KK tower sterile modes restricting even more the allowed
parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7159 </DOCNO>
Exact finite-size scaling with corrections in the two-dimensional Ising


  The two-dimensional Ising model with Brascamp-Kunz boundary conditions has a
partition function more amenable to analysis than its counterpart on a torus.
This fact is exploited to exactly determine the full finite-size scaling
behaviour of the Fisher zeroes of the model. Moreover, exact results are also
determined for the scaling of the specific heat at criticality, for the
specific-heat peak and for the pseudocritical points. All corrections to
scaling are found to be analytic and the shift exponent $\lambda$ does not
coincide with the inverse of the correlation length exponent $1/\nu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126541 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX observation of the eclipsing dipping X-ray binary X1658-298


  Results of a 2000 August 12-13 BeppoSAX observation of the 7.1 hr eclipsing,
dipping, bursting, transient, low-mass X-ray binary (LMXRB) X1658-298 are
presented. The spectrum outside of eclipses, dips and bursts can be modeled by
the combination of a soft disk-blackbody and a harder Comptonized component
with a small amount (1.3 10E21 atom/cm2) of low-energy absorption. In contrast,
an RXTE observation 18 months earlier during the same outburst, measured an
absorption of 5.0 10E22 atom/cm2. Such a change is consistent with a thinning
of the accretion disk as the outburst progresses. Structured residuals from the
best-fit spectral model are present which are tentatively identified with
Ne-K/Fe-L and Fe-K shell emission. The spectral changes during dips are complex
and may be modeled by a strong (~3 10E23 atom/cm2) increase in absorption of
the Comptonized component only, together with reductions in normalizations of
both spectral components. This behavior is in contrast to the ``complex
continuum'' model for X-ray dip sources, where the softer blackbody component
rapidly suffers strong absorption. It is however, similar to that found during
recent XMM-Newton observations of the eclipsing, dipping, LMXRB EXO0748-676.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148097 </DOCNO>
A Note on Intersecting and Fluctuating Solitons in 4D Noncommutative


  We examine the intersections, fluctuations and deformations of codimension
two solitons in field theory on noncommutative $R^4$, in the limit of large
noncommutativity. We find that holomorphic deformations are zero modes of flat
branes, and we show that there is a zero mode localized at the intersection of
two solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 457 </DOCNO>
NMR Relaxation Rate for 1D Multicomponent Spin-Orbital Systems


  The NMR relaxation rate $1/T_{1}$ is studied for one-dimensional
multicomponent spin-orbital systems. By combining the bosonization techniques
and the exact solution of the SU($n$) model, we evaluate the power-law exponent
and the enhancement factor for $1/T_1$ at low temperatures. We discuss how the
band splitting affects the relaxation rate, and find that $1/T_{1}$ may be
enhanced around the critical value of the band splitting. The crossover
behavior in $1/T_1$ around the critical point is discussed in terms of the
low-frequency dynamical spin susceptibility. The effect of the hole-doping is
also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125064 </DOCNO>
Was SN1997ff at z~1.7 magnified by gravitational lensing?


  The quest for the cosmological parameters has come to fruition with the
identification of a number of supernovae at a redshift of $z\sim1$. Analyses of
the brightness of these standard candles reveal that the Universe is dominated
by a large cosmological constant. The recent identification of the $z\sim1.7$
SN1997ff in the northern Hubble Deep Field has provided further evidence for
this cosmology. Here we examine the case for gravitational lensing of SN1997ff
due to the presence of galaxies lying along our line of sight. We find that,
while the alignment of SN1997ff with foreground masses was not favorable for it
to be multiply imaged and strongly magnified, two galaxies did lie close enough
to result in significant magnification: $\mu\sim1.4$ for the case where these
elliptical galaxies have velocity dispersion $200 {\rm km/s}$. Given the small
difference between supernova brightnesses in different cosmologies, detailed
modeling of the gravitational lensing properties of the intervening matter is
therefore required before the true cosmological significance of SN1997ff can be
deduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113807 </DOCNO>
On the physical nature of the fluorescence depletion effect


  The physical nature of the fluorescence depletion (FD) effect and the
possible way of its experimental study are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83585 </DOCNO>
Quantitative Neural Network Model of the Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon


  A new three-stage computer artificial neural network model of the
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is proposed. Each word's node is build from some
interconnected learned auto-associative two-layer neural networks each of which
represents separate word's semantic, lexical, or phonological components. The
model synthesizes memory, psycholinguistic, and metamemory approaches, bridges
speech errors and naming chronometry research traditions, and can explain
quantitatively many tip-of-the-tongue effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168287 </DOCNO>
Light-shift-induced quantum gates for ions in thermal motion


  An effective interaction between trapped ions in thermal motion can be
generated by illuminating them simultaneously with a single laser resonant with
the ionic carrier frequency. The ac Stark-shift induces simultaneous `virtual'
two-phonon transitions via several motional modes. Within a certain laser
intensity range these transitions can interfere constructively, resulting in a
relatively fast, heating-resistant two-qubit logic gate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148666 </DOCNO>
Holographic principle in the BDL brane cosmology


  We study the holographic principle in the brane cosmology. Especially we
describe how to accommodate the 5D anti de Sitter Schwarzschild (AdSS$_5$)
black hole in the Binetruy-Deffayet-Langlois (BDL) approach of brane cosmology.
It is easy to make a connection between a mass $M$ of the AdSS$_5$ black hole
and a conformal field theory (CFT)-radiation dominated universe on the brane in
the moving domain wall approach. But this is not established in the BDL
approach. In this case we use two parameters $C_1, C_2$ in the Friedmann
equation. These arise from integration and are really related to the choice of
initial bulk matter. If one chooses a bulk energy density $\rho_B$ to account
for a mass $M$ of the AdSS$_5$ black hole and the static fifth dimension, a
CFT-radiation term with $\rho_{CFT} \sim M/a^{4}$ comes out from the bulk
matter without introducing a localized matter distribution on the brane. This
means that the holographic principle can be established in the BDL brane
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75106 </DOCNO>
Light Quark Masses with Overlap Fermions in Quenched QCD


  We present the results of a computation of the sum of the strange and average
up-down quark masses with overlap fermions in the quenched approximation. Since
the overlap regularization preserves chiral symmetry at finite cutoff and
volume, no additive quark mass renormalization is required and the results are
O(a) improved. Our simulations are performed at beta=6.0 and volume V=16^3X32,
which correspond to a lattice cutoff of ~2 GeV and to an extension of ~1.4 fm.
The logarithmically divergent renormalization constant has been computed
non-perturbatively in the RI/MOM scheme. By using the K-meson mass as
experimental input, we obtain (m_s + m_l)^RI(2 GeV) = 120(7)(21) MeV, which
corresponds m_s^MS (2 GeV) = 102(6)(18) MeV if continuum perturbation theory
and ChiPT are used. By using the GMOR relation we also obtain <psi psi>^MS(2
GeV)/N_f = - 0.0190(11)(33) GeV^3 = - [267(5)(15) MeV]^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83868 </DOCNO>
Internet Attacks: A Policy Framework for Rules of Engagement


  Information technology is redefining national security and the use of force
by state and nonstate actors. The use of force over the Internet warrants
analysis given recent terrorist attacks. At the same time that information
technology empowers states and their commercial enterprises, information
technology makes infrastructures supported by computer systems increasingly
accessible, interdependent, and more vulnerable to malicious attack. The
Computer Security Institute and the FBI jointly estimate that financial losses
attributed to malicious attack amounted to $378 million in 2000. International
Law clearly permits a state to respond in self-defense when attacked by another
state through the Internet, however, such attacks may not always rise to the
scope, duration, and intensity threshold of an armed attack that may justify a
use of force in self-defense.
  This paper presents a policy framework to analyze the rules of engagement for
Internet attacks. We describe the state of Internet security, incentives for
asymmetric warfare, and the development of international law for conflict
management and armed conflict. We focus on options for future rules of
engagement specific to Information Warfare.
  We conclude with four policy recommendations for Internet attack rules of
engagement: (1) the U.S. should pursue international definitions of "force" and
"armed attack" in the Information Warfare context; (2) the U.S. should pursue
international cooperation for the joint investigation and prosecution of
Internet attacks; (3) the U.S. must balance offensive opportunities against
defensive vulnerabilities; and (4) the U.S. should prepare strategic plans now
rather than making policy decisions in real-time during an Internet attack.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127279 </DOCNO>
Modeling Galaxy Clustering by Color


  We extend the mass-halo formalism for analytically generating power spectra
to allow for the different clustering behavior observed in galaxy
sub-populations. Although applicable to other separations, we concentrate our
methods on a simple separation by rest-frame color into ``red'' and ``blue''
sub-populations through modifications to the <N(M)> relations and halo
distribution functions for each of the sub-populations. This sort of separation
is within the capabilities of the current generations of simulations as well as
galaxy surveys, suggesting a potentially powerful observational constraint for
current and future simulations. In anticipation of this, we demonstrate the
sensitivity of the resulting power spectra to the choice of model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98618 </DOCNO>
Classifying spaces for proper actions of locally-finite groups


  For each finite ordinal n, and each locally-finite group G of cardinality
aleph-sub-n, we construct an (n+1)-dimensional, contractible CW-complex on
which G acts with finite stabilizers. We use the complex to obtain information
about cohomology with induced coefficients. Our techniques also give
information about the location of some large free abelian groups in the
hierarchy HF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127092 </DOCNO>
On the Threshold of the Reionization Epoch


  Discovery of the cosmic reionization epoch would represent a significant
milestone in cosmology. We present Keck spectroscopy of the quasar SDSS
1044-0125, at z = 5.73. The spectrum shows a dramatic increase in the optical
depth at observed wavelengths lambda >~7550 A, corresponding to z_abs >~ 5.2.
Only a few small, narrow transmission regions are present in the spectrum
beyond that point, and out to the redshifts where the quasar signal begins. We
interpret this result as a signature of the trailing edge of the cosmic
reionization epoch, which we estimate to occur around <z> ~ 6 (as indeed
confirmed by subsequent observations by Becker et al.), and extending down to z
\~ 5.2. This behavior is expected in the modern theoretical models of the
reionization era, which predict a patchy and gradual onset of reionization. The
remaining transmission windows we see may correspond to the individual
reionization bubbles (Stromgren spheres) embedded in a still largely neutral
intergalactic medium, intersected by the line of sight to the quasar. Future
spectroscopic observations of quasars at comparable or larger redshifts will
provide a more detailed insight into the structure and extent of the
reionization era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75410 </DOCNO>
Effective lagrangians for QCD at high density


  We describe low energy physics in the CFL and LOFF phases by means of
effective lagrangians. In the CFL case we present also how to derive
expressions for the parameters appearing in the lagrangian via weak coupling
calculations taking advantage of the dimensional reduction of fermion physics
around the Fermi surface. The Goldstone boson of the LOFF phase turns out to be
a phonon satisfying an anisotropic dispersion relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148305 </DOCNO>
An introduction to generalized Yang-Mills theories


  In generalized Yang-Mills theories scalar fields can be gauged just as vector
fields in a usual Yang-Mills theory, albeit it is done in the spinorial
representation. The presentation of these theories is aesthetic in the
following sense: A physical theory using Yang-Mills theories requires several
terms and irreducible representations, but with generalized Yang-Mills
theories, only two terms and two irreducible representations are required.
These theories are constructed based upon the maximal subgroups of the gauge
Lie group. The two terms of the lagrangian are the kinetic energy of fermions
and of bosons. A brief review of Yang-Mills theories and covariant derivatives
is given, then generalized Yang-Mills theories are defined through a
generalization of the covariant derivative. Two examples are given, one
pertaining the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam model and another SU(5) grand
unification. The first is based upon a $U(3)\supset U(1)\times U(1)\times
SU(2)$ generalized Yang-Mills theory, and the second upon a $SU(6)\supset
U(1)\times SU(5)$ theory. The possibility of expressing generalized Yang-Mills
theories using a five-dimensional formalism is also studied. The situation is
unclear in this case. At the end a list of comments and criticisms is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97551 </DOCNO>
K Energy and K stability on Hypersurfaces


  In this paper, we study the limiting properties of the $K$ energy for smooth
hypersurfaces in the projective spaces. Our result generalizes the result of
Ding-Tian (W. Ding and G. Tian. K\"ahler-Einstein metrics and the generalized
Futaki invariant. {\em Invent Math}, 110:315-335, 1992.) in the case of
hypersurfaces. In particular, we allow the center fiber of a special
degeneration (a degeneration by a one-parameter group) to have multiplicity
great than 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114094 </DOCNO>
Simple Evaluation of Franck-Condon Factors and Non-Condon Effects in the


  The calculation of Franck-Condon factors between different one-dimensional
Morse potential eigenstates using a formula derived from the Wigner function is
discussed. Our numerical calculations using a very simple program written in
Mathematica is compared with other calculations. We show that our results have
a similar accuracy as the calculations performed with more sophisticated
methods. We discuss the extension of our method to include non-Condon effects
in the calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6807 </DOCNO>
On the origin of neutron magnetic scattering in anti-site disordered


  Anti-site disordering in Sr2FeMoO6 double perovskites (containing Mo atoms at
Fe positions, and viceversa) has recently been shown to have a dramatic
influence in their magnetic and magnetotransport properties. In the present
study, two polycrystalline Sr2FeMoO6 samples showing different degrees of
anti-site disorder (a nominally 'ordered' sample with 70% of cationic ordering
and a nominally 'disordered' sample with 18% of cationic ordering) have been
examined by magnetic measurements and neutron powder diffraction (NPD)
techniques in the 15-500K temperature range. Our main finding is that the
'disordered' sample exhibits a strong magnetic scattering (noticeable even at
500K), comparable to that displayed by the 'ordered' one below TC= 415 K. For
the 'disordered' sample, the magnetic scattering exhibited on low angle Bragg
positions, is not to be ascribed to a (non-existent) ferrimagnetic ordering:
our results suggest that it originates upon naturally-occurring groups of Fe
cations in which strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) Fe-O-Fe superexchange
interactions are promoted, similar to those existing in the LaFeO3 perovskite.
These Fe groups are not magnetically isolated, but coupled by virtue of Fe-O-Mo
AFM interactions, which maintain the long-range coherence of this AFM
structure. Susceptibility measurements confirm the presence of AFM interactions
below 770 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87269 </DOCNO>
Pair of null gravitating shells III. Algebra of Dirac's observables


  The study of the two-shell system started in ``Pair of null gravitating
shells I and II'' (gr-qc/0112060--061) is continued. The pull back of the
Liouville form to the constraint surface, which contains complete information
about the Poisson brackets of Dirac observables, is computed in the singular
double-null Eddington-Finkelstein (DNEF) gauge. The resulting formula shows
that the variables conjugate to the Schwarzschild masses of the intershell
spacetimes are simple combinations of the values of the DNEF coordinates on
these spacetimes at the shells. The formula is valid for any number of in- and
out-going shells. After applying it to the two-shell system, the symplectic
form is calculated for each component of the physical phase space; regular
coordinates are found, defining it as a symplectic manifold. The symplectic
transformation between the initial and final values of observables for the
shell-crossing case is written down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97776 </DOCNO>
Signatures of covering links


  The theory of signature invariants of links in rational homology spheres is
applied to covering links of homology boundary links. From patterns and Seifert
matrices of homology boundary links, an explicit formula is derived to compute
signature invariants of their covering links. Using the formula, we produce
fused boundary links that are positive mutants of ribbon links but are not
concordant to boundary links. We also show that for any finite collection of
patterns, there are homology boundary links that are not concordant to any
homology boundary links admitting a pattern in the collection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1459 </DOCNO>
DMRG and the Two Dimensional t-J Model


  We describe in detail the application of the recent non-Abelian Density
Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithm to the two dimensional t-J model.
This extension of the DMRG algorithm allows us to keep the equivalent of twice
as many basis states as the conventional DMRG algorithm for the same amount of
computational effort, which permits a deeper understanding of the nature of the
ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7426 </DOCNO>
Enhancement and deterioration of the critical current by defects in


  We study how the addition of defects in an otherwise uniform Josehpson
junction array modifies the critical current of the array, by numerically
solving the system of coupled Josephson equations. Our results confirm the
existence of two different regimes, depending on the normalized maximum
Josephson current of each junction, $i_{\rm max}$: for large $i_{\rm max}$, the
defects deteriorate partially the critical state of the uniform array and so
decrease the critical current, while for low values of $i_{\rm max}$, the
defects help the formation of the critical state, which leads to an enhancement
of critical current. The results are discussed in comparison with the behavior
of type-II superconductors, for which the inclusion of defects always results
in an enhancement of the critical current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126970 </DOCNO>
Criterion for Generation of Winds from Magnetized Accretion Disks


  An analytic model is proposed for non-radiating accretion flows accompanied
by up or down winds in a global magnetic field. Physical quantities in this
model solution are written in variable-separated forms, and their radial parts
are simple power law functions including one parameter for wind strength.
Several, mathematically equivalent but physically different expressions of the
criterion for wind generation are obtained. It is suggested also that the
generation of wind is a consequence of the intervention of some mechanism that
redistributes the locally available gravitational energy, and that the
Bernoulli sum can be a good indicator of the existence of such mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72888 </DOCNO>
Application and explicit solution of recurrence relations with respect


  A short review of the method for the tensor reduction of Feynman integrals
based on recurrence relations with respect to space-time dimension d- is given.
A solution of the difference equation with respect to d for the n - point
one-loop integrals with arbitrary momenta and masses is presented. The result
is written as multiple hypergeometric series depending on ratios of Gram
determinants. For the 3-point function a new expression in terms of the Appell
hypergeometric function F_1 is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169277 </DOCNO>
Implementation of Universal Control on a Decoherence-Free Qubit


  We demonstrate storage and manipulation of one qubit encoded into a
decoherence-free subspace (DFS) of two nuclear spins using liquid state nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The DFS is spanned by states that are
unaffected by arbitrary collective phase noise. Encoding and decoding
procedures reversibly map an arbitrary qubit state from a single data spin to
the DFS and back. The implementation demonstrates the robustness of the DFS
memory against engineered dephasing with arbitrary strength as well as a
substantial increase in the amount of quantum information retained, relative to
an un-encoded qubit, under both engineered and natural noise processes. In
addition, a universal set of logical manipulations over the encoded qubit is
also realized. Although intrinsic limitations prevent maintaining full noise
tolerance during quantum gates, we show how the use of dynamical control
methods at the encoded level can ensure that computation is protected with
finite distance. We demonstrate noise-tolerant control over a DFS qubit in the
presence of engineered phase noise significantly stronger than observed from
natural noise sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3417 </DOCNO>
Analytical expressions for the charge-charge local-field factor and the


  We present an analytical expression for the static many-body local field
factor $G_{+}(q)$ of a homogeneous two-dimensional electron gas, which
reproduces Diffusion Monte Carlo data and embodies the exact asymptotic
behaviors at both small and large wave number $q$. This allows us to also
provide a closed-form expression for the exchange and correlation kernel
$K_{xc}(r)$, which represents a key input for density functional studies of
inhomogeneous systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74693 </DOCNO>
Generation of Cosmic Magnetic Fields and Gravitational Waves at Neutrino


  We show that an inhomogeneous cosmological lepton number may have produced
turbulence in the primordial plasma when neutrinos entered (almost)
free-streaming regime. This effect may be responsible for the origin of cosmic
magnetic fields and give rise to a detectable background of gravitational
waves. An existence of inhomogeneous lepton asymmetry could be naturally
generated by active-sterile neutrino oscillations or by some versions of
Affleck and Dine baryogenesis scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169510 </DOCNO>
Classical and Quantum-like approaches to Charged-Particle Fluids in a


  A classical description of the dynamics of a dissipative charged-particle
fluid in a quadrupole-like device is developed. It is shown that the set of the
classical fluid equations contains the same information as a complex function
satisfying a Schrodinger-like equation in which Planck's constant is replaced
by the time-varying emittance, which is related to the time-varying temperature
of the fluid. The squared modulus and the gradient of the phase of this complex
function are proportional to the fluid density and to the current velocity,
respectively. Within this framework, the dynamics of an electron bunch in a
storage ring in the presence of radiation damping and quantum-excitation is
recovered. Furthermore, both standard and generalized (including dissipation)
coherent states that may be associated with the classical particle fluids are
fully described in terms of the above formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97057 </DOCNO>
A lemma on a total function defined over the Baker-Gill-Solovay set of


  If we establish that the counterexample function for P=NP, if total,
overtakes all total recursive functions when extended over all Turing machines,
then what happens to the same counterexample function when defined over the
so-called Baker-Gill-Solovay (BGS) set of poly machines? We state and prove
here a lemma that tries to answer this query.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41158 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the ratio of the differential cross sections for W and Z


  We report on a preliminary measurement of the ratio of the differential cross
sections for W and Z boson production as a function of transverse momentum in
proton-antiproton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.8 TeV. It has been shown that
the ratio between W and Z observables can be reliably calculated using
perturbative QCD, even when the individual observables are not. We present the
first comparison between the measurement of a W and Z observable ratio and a
purely perturbative calculation. The use of the ratio reduces both experimental
and theoretical uncertainites and might result in smaller overall uncertainties
on the measured W mass and width, compared to currently used methods at hadron
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125390 </DOCNO>
On the clustering phase transition in self-gravitating N-body systems


  The thermodynamic behaviour of self-gravitating $N$-body systems has been
worked out by borrowing a standard method from Molecular Dynamics: the time
averages of suitable quantities are numerically computed along the dynamical
trajectories to yield thermodynamic observables. The link between dynamics and
thermodynamics is made in the microcanonical ensemble of statistical mechanics.
The dynamics of self-gravitating $N$-body systems has been computed using two
different kinds of regularization of the newtonian interaction: the usual
softening and a truncation of the Fourier expansion series of the two-body
potential. $N$ particles of equal masses are constrained in a finite three
dimensional volume. Through the computation of basic thermodynamic observables
and of the equation of state in the $P - V$ plane, new evidence is given of the
existence of a second order phase transition from a homogeneous phase to a
clustered phase. This corresponds to a crossover from a polytrope of index
$n=3$, i.e. $p=K V^{-4/3}$, to a perfect gas law $p=K V^{-1}$, as is shown by
the isoenergetic curves on the $P - V$ plane. The dynamical-microcanonical
averages are compared to their corresponding canonical ensemble averages,
obtained through standard Monte Carlo computations. A major disagreement is
found, because the canonical ensemble seems to have completely lost any
information about the phase transition. The microcanonical ensemble appears as
the only reliable statistical framework to tackle self-gravitating systems.
Finally, our results -- obtained in a ``microscopic'' framework -- are compared
with some existing theoretical predictions -- obtained in a ``macroscopic''
(thermodynamic) framework: qualitative and quantitative agreement is found,
with an interesting exception.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169233 </DOCNO>
Motion of vortex lines in nonlinear wave mechanics


  We extend our previous analysis of the motion of vortex lines [I.
Bialynicki-Birula, Z. Bialynicka-Birula and C. Sliwa, Phys. Rev. A 61, 032110
(2000)] from linear to a nonlinear Schroedinger equation with harmonic forces.
We also argue that under certain conditions the influence of the contact
nonlinearity on the motion of vortex lines is negligible. The present analysis
adds new weight to our previous conjecture that the topological features of
vortex dynamics are to a large extent universal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83525 </DOCNO>
Multiple-Size Divide-and-Conquer Recurrences


  This short note reports a master theorem on tight asymptotic solutions to
divide-and-conquer recurrences with more than one recursive term: for example,
T(n) = 1/4 T(n/16) + 1/3 T(3n/5) + 4 T(n/100) + 10 T(n/300) + n^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124209 </DOCNO>
Constraints on thick disc and halo parameters from HST photometry of


  We analyse a sample of over 1000 stars from 32 fields imaged in the V and I
bands with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera, on board of the Hubble Space
Telescope. The fields are located at Galactic latitudes | b | >= 15deg and in
various directions on the sky. We consider models for the structure of the
Galaxy with different choices for the main parameters governing the shape and
luminosity function of the thick disk and stellar halo. Comparing model
predictions with the observed colour-magnitude diagram we are able to rule out
an increasing or flat stellar luminosity function at the low-luminosity end. We
also rule out large values of the vertical scale height of the thick disc, z_0,
finding it to be in the range 800 <= z_0 <= 1200 pc. As for the local density
normalization, values within the range 4 % <= n_0 <= 8 % seem to better
reproduce the data. Our data essentially rule out a flattened stellar halo (c/a
<~ 0.5) or models with both large local normalization and effective radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123987 </DOCNO>
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Cassiopeia A and Kepler Supernova


  Near-infrared spectra (0.95 - 2.4 micron) of the Cassiopeia A and Kepler
supernova remnants (SNRs) are presented. Low-dispersion (R = 700) spectra were
obtained for five bright fast-moving ejecta knots (FMKs) at two locations on
the main shell and for three bright circumstellar knots (QSFs) near the
southwest rim of Cas A. The main shell FMKs in Cas A exhibit a sparse
near-infrared spectrum dominated by [S II] 1.03 micron emission with a handful
of other, fainter emission lines. Among these are two high-ionization silicon
lines, [Si VI] 1.96 micron and [Si X] 1.43 micron, which have been detected in
AGNs and novae but never before in a supernova remnant. The near-infrared
spectra of circumstellar QSFs in Cas A show a much richer spectrum, with strong
He I 1.083 micron emission and over a dozen bright [Fe II] lines. Observed [Fe
II] line ratios indicate electron densities of 5 - 9 * 10^4 cm^-3 in the QSFs.
The Cas A QSF data are quite similar to the observed spectrum of a bright
circumstellar knot along the northwest rim of the Kepler SNR, which also shows
strong He I and [Fe II] emission with a measured electron density of 2.5 - 3 *
10^4 cm^-3. Finally, we present J- and K-band images of Cas A. The K-band image
shows faint diffuse emission which has no optical or mid-infrared counterpart
but is morphologically similar to radio continuum maps and may be infrared
synchrotron radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73443 </DOCNO>
Constraining Models of New Physics in Light of Recent Experimental


  We study extensions of the Standard Model where the charged current weak
interactions are governed by the CKM matrix and where all tree-level decays are
dominated by their Standard Model contribution. We constrain both analytically
and numerically the ratio and the phase difference between the New Physics and
the Standard Model contributions to the mixing amplitude of the neutral $B$
system using the experimental results on $R_u$, $\Delta m_{d,s}$, $\epsilon_K$
and $a_{\psi K_S}$. We present new results concerning models with minimal
flavor violation and update the relevant parameter space. We also study the
left-right symmetric model with spontaneously broken CP, probing the viability
of this model in view of the recent results for $a_{\psi K_S}$ and other
observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125150 </DOCNO>
Morphology of Circumstellar Environment and Some Characterictics of


  The well-known light minima of stars with the R Coronae Borealis variability
are caused by the formation of an additional circumstellar dust shell, the
screening shell, inside the permanent shell. Under the assumption of uniform
distribution of matter in the circumstellar environment we estimated the
optical thickness of the permanent gas-and-dust shell at 0.2-0.7, and its
geometrical thickness is no less than 0.4 of its own radius. The wavelength
dependence of extinction is close to neutral. From spectral observations of R
CrB itself in the 1985 minimum we traced the transformation of the stellar
linear and molecular absorption spectrum to the emission spectrum and
established that the fast variation of the U-B colour index by -0.6 in the
light decline was caused purely by a change of the spectrum type. The spectrum
transformation causes an increase of star brightness in the U, B, and V bands
by about 1.4, 0.75, and 0.75 mags, correspondingly. It is suggested that a
high-velocity (>200 km/s) matter stream through the circumstellar environment
is the cause of the excitation of the emissions observed during light minima
when the photospheric flux is weakening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74304 </DOCNO>
Combining LSND and Atmospheric Anomalies in a Three-Neutrino Picture


  We investigate the three-neutrino mixing scheme for solving the atmospheric
and LSND anomalies. We find the region in the parameter space that provides a
good fit to the LSND and the SK atmospheric data, taking into account the CHOOZ
constraint. We demonstrate that the goodness of this fit is comparable to that
of the conventional fit to the solar and atmospheric data. Large values of the
LSND angle are favoured and $\sin^2(2\theta_{\rm LSND})$ can be as high as 0.1.
This can have important effects on the atmospheric electron neutrino ratios as
well as on down-going multi-GeV muon neutrino ratios. We examine the
possibility of distinguishing this scheme from the conventional one at the long
baseline experiments. We find that the number of electron neutrino events
observed at the CERN to Gran Sasso experiment may lead us to identify the
scheme, and hence the mass pattern of neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6684 </DOCNO>
Density Matrix of a Bose--Einstein Condensate: Steady--State versus


  We compare the equilibrium solution for the condensate obtained in the
mean--field approximation to the master equation for sympathetic cooling with
the one obtained by Scully for a system in contact with a heat bath with the
help of an analogy with the laser. While the mean--field approach yields
analytical formulas for the approach towards equilibrium and for the
equilibrium solution, it neglects the correlations between occupation numbers
of different single--particle states which are approximately kept in Scully's
approach. Such neglect is admissible as long as the fraction of Bosons in the
condensate does not exceed a few percent or so.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128640 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Temperature Decline in the Course of the Evolution of the


  At the early stage of the Universe-evolution there were no stars and no
galaxies, but only a uniform hot plasma consisting of free electrons and free
nuclei. The Universe temperature was determined by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of
thermodynamics and the general relativistic cosmological theory. At the present
time one has the background cosmic radiation with the temperature of 2.73K. We
calculate how much of the early Universe energy has gone to matter and other
forms of energy, so as to leave us with a background radiation of only 2.73K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75569 </DOCNO>
Minimal Flavour Mixing of Quarks and Leptons


  Present situation in the flavour mixing of quarks and leptons is briefly
reviewed and a new approach called the Minimal Flavour Mixing (MFM) is
considered in detail. According to MFM the whole of the flavour mixing is
basically determined by the physical mass generation of the first family of
fermions. So, in the chiral symmetry limit when the masses of the lightest
quarks, u and d, vanish, all the weak mixing angle vanish. This minimal pattern
is shown to fit extremely well the already established CKM matrix elements and
to give fairly distinctive predictions for the as yet poorly known ones.
Remarkably, together with generically small quark mixing it also leads to the
large neutrino mixing thus giving adequate solution to the solar and
athmospheric neutrino oscillation problem. The possible origin of this approach
in the MSSM extended by the high-scale $SU(3)_{F}$ chiral family symmetry is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4454 </DOCNO>
Ground-state properties of the Falicov-Kimball model with correlated


  A new numerical method, recently developed to study ground states of the
Falicov-Kimball model (FKM), is used to examine the effects of correlated
hopping on the ground-state properties of this model in two dimensions. It is
shown that the ground-state phase diagram as well as the picture of
metal-insulator transitions found for the conventional FKM (without correlated
hopping) are strongly changed when the correlated hopping term is added. The
effect of correlated hopping is so strong that it can induce the
insulator-metal transition, even in the strong-coupling limit, where the ground
states of the conventional FKM are insulating for all $f$-electron densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126037 </DOCNO>
CHANDRA observation of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 13224-3809


  The narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1) IRAS 13224-3809 has been observed
with the CHANDRA High Resolution Camera (HRC-I) for 12 ksec on February, 2,
2000. The source was proposed for CHANDRA observations to precisely determine
the X-ray centroid position and to investigate the timing properties of the
most X-ray variable Seyfert galaxy. The position derived from CHANDRA confirms
that the X-ray emission is associated with IRAS 13224-3809. The CHANDRA HRC-I
light curve shows indications for a possible presence of a quasi-periodic
oscillation. The strongest signal is found at 2500 sec. Accretion disk
instabilities may provide a plausible explanation for the quasi-periodic
oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73911 </DOCNO>
Exponential Quintessence and the End of Acceleration


  Recent observations indicate that the universe's expansion has been
accelerating of late. But recent theoretical work has highlighted the
difficulty of squaring acceleration with the underlying assumptions of string
theory, disfavoring most models of quintessence. because they predict eternal
acceleration. We show that one of the simplest and most motivated quintessence
models described by an exponential potential can produce the acceleration
needed to explain the data while also predicting only a finite period of
acceleration, consistent with theoretical paradigms. This model is no more
tuned than the canonical tracking quintessence models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3799 </DOCNO>
Multipole modes and spin features in the Raman spectrum of nanoscopic


  We present a systematic study of ground state and spectroscopic properties of
many-electron nanoscopic quantum rings. Addition energies at zero magnetic
field (B) and electro-chemical potentials as a function of $B$ are given for a
ring hosting up to 24 electrons. We find discontinuities in the excitation
energies of multipole spin and charge density modes, and a coupling between the
charge and spin density responses that allow to identify the formation of
ferromagnetic ground states in narrow magnetic field regions. These effects can
be observed in Raman experiments, and are related to the fractional
Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of the energy and of the persistent current in the
ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72640 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariant Classes of Feynman Diagrams and Applications for


  In theories like SM or MSSM with a complex gauge group structure the complete
set of Feynman diagrams contributed to a particular physics process can be
splited to exact gauge invariant subsets. Arguments and examples given in the
review demonstrate that in many cases computations and analysis of the gauge
invariant subsets are important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5868 </DOCNO>
Finite-size scaling of interface free energies in the 3d Ising model


  We perform a study of the universality of the finite size scaling functions
of interface free energies in the 3d Ising model. Close to the hot/cold phase
transition, we observe very good agreement with the same scaling functions of
the 4d SU(2) Yang--Mills theory at the deconfinement phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2671 </DOCNO>
Surface States and Resonances in Field Emission from Low Index Facets of


  The energies, widths, and shapes of features observed in the total energy
distributions in field emission from W(100) and W(111) are compared with the
results of a full-potential LAPW calculation of the surface density of states
based on a supercell model of the crystal structure at the metal-vacuum
interface. The Swanson hump on W(100) is attributed to two bands of surface
states and surface resonances of dz^2 symmetry that are highly localised at the
center of the surface Brillouin zone (Gamma_bar), and a second peak observed at
lower energy is attributed to a band of surface resonances, also of dz^2
symmetry, centred at 0.11 A^(-1) along Gamma_bar to X_bar. The energy scale of
the calculated total energy distribution is compressed by about 20% relative to
the experimental data. The present calculation yields strong evidence that the
broad asymmetric peak observed on W(111) is due to emission from a band of
surface resonances. Further calculations for W(111) are proposed both to test
the accuracy of the band model and to take into account the velocity factor
that enters in a calculation of the emission current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149057 </DOCNO>
The dS/CFT Correspondence


  A holographic duality is proposed relating quantum gravity on dS_D
(D-dimensional de Sitter space) to conformal field theory on a single S^{D-1}
((D-1)-sphere), in which bulk de Sitter correlators with points on the boundary
are related to CFT correlators on the sphere, and points on I^+ (the future
boundary of dS_D) are mapped to the antipodal points on S^{D-1} relative to
those on I^-. For the case of dS_3, which is analyzed in some detail, the
central charge of the CFT_2 is computed in an analysis of the asymptotic
symmetry group at I^\pm. This dS/CFT proposal is supported by the computation
of correlation functions of a massive scalar field. In general the dual CFT may
be non-unitary and (if for example there are sufficently massive stable
scalars) contain complex conformal weights. We also consider the physical
region O^- of dS_3 corresponding to the causal past of a timelike observer,
whose holographic dual lives on a plane rather than a sphere. O^- can be
foliated by asymptotically flat spacelike slices. Time evolution along these
slices is generated by L_0+\bar L_0, and is dual to scale transformations in
the boundary CFT_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126497 </DOCNO>
RXTE Monitoring of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 1048.1-5937


  We report on long-term monitoring of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E
1048.1-5937 using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. This pulsar's timing
behavior is different from that of other AXPs. In particular, the pulsar shows
significant deviations from simple spin-down such that phase-coherent timing
has not been possible over time spans longer than a few months. We show that in
spite of the rotational irregularities, the pulsar exhibits neither pulse
profile changes nor large pulsed flux variations. We discuss the implications
of our results for AXP models. We suggest that 1E 1048.1-5937 may be a
transition object between the soft gamma-ray repeater and AXP populations, and
the AXP most likely to one day undergo an outburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4649 </DOCNO>
Expansion of a coherent array of Bose-Einstein condensates


  We investigate the properties of a coherent array containing about 200
Bose-Einstein condensates produced in a far detuned 1D optical lattice. The
density profile of the gas, imaged after releasing the trap, provides
information about the coherence of the ground-state wavefunction. The measured
atomic distribution is characterized by interference peaks. The time evolution
of the peaks, their relative population as well as the radial size of the
expanding cloud are in good agreement with the predictions of theory. The 2D
nature of the trapped condensates and the conditions required to observe the
effects of coherence are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3153 </DOCNO>
C-axis Response of a High-T_{c} Superconductor with D-Density Wave Order


  The microscopic origin of the pseudogap state which exists in the underdoped
cuprates remains unknown. The $c$-axis properties in the pseudogap regime are
particularly anomalous. We use a recently proposed model of a $d$-density wave
which leads to staggered currents and the doubling of the unit cell to
investigate the $c$-axis kinetic energy and the optical sum rule. The density
of states expected in the model is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169119 </DOCNO>
Extracting Quantum Entanglement (General Entanglement Purification


  We study the problem of general entanglement purification protocols. Suppose
Alice and Bob share a bipartite state $\rho$ which is ``reasonably close'' to
perfect EPR pairs. The only information Alice and Bob possess is a lower bound
on the fidelity of $\rho$ and a maximally entangled state. They wish to
``purify'' $\rho$ using local operations and classical communication and create
a state that is arbitrarily close to EPR pairs. We prove that on average, Alice
and Bob cannot increase the fidelity of the input state significantly. We also
construct protocols that may fail with a small probability, and otherwise will
output states arbitrarily close to EPR pairs with very high probability. Our
constructions are efficient, i.e., they can be implemented by polynomial-size
quantum circuits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86177 </DOCNO>
Quantum nondemolition measurements of a particle in electric and


  In this work we obtain a nondemolition variable for the case in which a
charged particle moves in the electric and gravitational fields of a spherical
body. Afterwards we consider the continuous monitoring of this nondemolition
parameter, and calculate along the ideas of the so called restricted path
integral formalism, the corresponding propagator. Using these results the
probabilities associated with the possible measurement outputs are evaluated.
The limit of our results, as the resolution of the measuring device goes to
zero, is analyzed, and the dependence of the corresponding propagator upon the
strength of the electric and gravitational fields are commented. The role that
mass plays in the corresponding results, and its possible connection with the
equivalence principle at quantum level, are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86065 </DOCNO>
A cure for unstable numerical evolutions of single black holes:


  Numerical codes based on a direct implementation of the standard ADM
formulation of Einstein's equations have generally failed to provide long-term
stable and convergent evolutions of black hole spacetimes when excision is used
to remove the singularities. We show that, for the case of a single black hole
in spherical symmetry, it is possible to circumvent these problems by adding to
the evolution equations terms involving the constraints, thus adjusting the
standard ADM system. We investigate the effect that the choice of the lapse and
shift has on the stability properties of numerical simulations and thus on the
form of the added constraint term. To facilitate this task, we introduce the
concept of quasi well-posedness, a version of well-posedness suitable for
ADM-like systems involving second-order spatial derivatives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149181 </DOCNO>
The Stress-Energy Tensor in Soluble Models of Spherically Symmetric


  We study the decay of a near-extremal black hole in AdS$_2$, related to the
near-horizon region of 3+1-dimensional Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetime,
following Fabbri, Navarro, and Navarro-Salas. Back-reaction is included in a
semiclassical approximation. Calculations of the stress-energy tensor of matter
coupled to the physical spacetime for an affine null observer demonstrate that
the black hole evaporation proceeds smoothly and the near-extremal black hole
evolves back to an extremal ground state, until this approximation breaks down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123994 </DOCNO>
The r-Process in Neutrino-Driven Winds from Nascent, "Compact" Neutron


  We present calculations of r-process nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds
from the nascent neutron stars of core-collapse supernovae. A full dynamical
reaction network for both the alpha-rich freezeout and the subsequent r-process
is employed. The physical properties of the neutrino-heated ejecta are deduced
from a general relativistic model in which spherical symmetry and steady flow
are assumed. Our results suggest that proto-neutron stars with a large
compaction ratio provide the most robust physical conditions for the r-process.
The third peak of the r-process is well reproduced in the winds from these
``compact'' proto-neutron stars even for a moderate entropy, \sim 100-200 N_A
k, and a neutrino luminosity as high as \sim 10^{52} ergs s^{-1}. This is due
to the short dynamical timescale of material in the wind. As a result, the
overproduction of nuclei with A \lesssim 120 is diminished (although some
overproduction of nuclei with A \approx 90 is still evident). The abundances of
the r-process elements per event is significantly higher than in previous
studies. The total-integrated nucleosynthesis yields are in good agreement with
the solar r-process abundance pattern. Our results have confirmed that the
neutrino-driven wind scenario is still a promising site in which to form the
solar r-process abundances. However, our best results seem to imply both a
rather soft neutron-star equation of state and a massive proto-neutron star
which is difficult to achieve with standard core-collapse models. We propose
that the most favorable conditions perhaps require that a massive supernova
progenitor forms a massive proto-neutron star by accretion after a failed
initial neutrino burst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96376 </DOCNO>
An extension theorem for separately holomorphic functions with


  Let $D_j\subset\Bbb C^{k_j}$ be a pseudoconvex domain and let $A_j\subset
D_j$ be a locally pluripolar set, $j=1,...,N$. Put$$X:=\bigcup_{j=1}^N
A_1\times...\times A_{j-1}\times D_j\times A_{j+1}\times...\times
A_N\subset\Bbb C^{k_1+...+k_N}.$$Let $U$ be an open connected neighborhood of
$X$ and let $M\varsubsetneq U$ be an analytic subset. Then there exists an
analytic subset $\hat M$ of the `envelope of holomorphy' $\hat X$ of $X$ with
$\hat M\cap X\subset M$ such that for every function $f$ separately holomorphic
on $X\setminus M$ there exists an $\hat f$ holomorphic on $\hat X\setminus\hat
M$ with $\hat f|_{X\setminus M}=f$. The result generalizes special cases which
were studied in \cite{\"Okt 1998}, \cite{\"Okt 1999}, \cite{Sic 2000}, and
\cite{Jar-Pfl 2001}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124034 </DOCNO>
Analytic Study of Grid Star and Reference Star Selection for the Space


  Grid stars and reference stars provide the fundamental global and local
astrometric reference frames for observations by the Space Interferometry
Mission. They must therefore be astrometrically stable at the ~1 uas level. I
present simple formulae in closed form to estimate contamination of these
frames by motions due to stellar companions that go undetected in a
radial-velocity (RV) survey of specified precision. The contamination rate
depends almost entirely on the binary-period distribution function and not on
the details of the mass or eccentricity distributions. Screening by a modest RV
survey (sigma_rv=60 m/s) can reduce the fraction of grid stars having
detectable unmodeled accelerations to <<1%. Reference-star selection promises
to be much more challenging, partly because the requirements of astrometric
stability are more severe and partly because the required density of sources is
about 100 times higher, which latter implies that less satisfactory candidates
will have to be accepted. The tools presented here can help design a
reference-star selection strategy, but a full treatment of the problem will
require better knowledge of their companions in the planetary mass range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73192 </DOCNO>
Bounds for FCNC and the Pseudoscalar Higgs mass in the General Two Higgs


  Current muon anomalous magnetic moment data have challenged the SM, and seems
to open a window to new Physics. Since the difference between SM and
experimental predictions is approximately $2.6\sigma$. In the framework of the
General Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), we calculate the muon anomalous
magnetic moment to get lower and upper bounds for the Flavor Changing Yukawa
couplings (FC) in the leptonic sector. We also obtain lower bounds for the mass
of the Pseudoscalar Higgs ($m_{A^ 0}$, as a function of the parameters of the
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127673 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton Probes the Solar Past: Coronal Abundances of Solar Analogs at


  We present an X-ray spectral analysis of four solar analogs with different
ages and magnetic activity levels. We find largely different coronal
compositions. The most active stars tend to show an ``Inverse First Ionization
Potential'' (IFIP) effect, i.e., elements with low FIP are underabundant. Less
active stars tend to the opposite effect, with relative overabundances of
low-FIP elements. Equivalent Chandra results are presented that support these
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126660 </DOCNO>
Spectral Consequences of Deviation from Spherical Composition Symmetry


  We investigate the prospects for constraining the maximum scale of clumping
in composition that is consistent with observed Type Ia supernova flux spectra.
Synthetic spectra generated without purely spherical composition symmetry
indicate that gross asymmetries make prominent changes to absorption features.
Motivated by this, we consider the case of a single unblended line forming in
an atmosphere with perturbations of different scales and spatial distributions.
Perturbations of about 1% of the area of the photodisk simply weaken the
absorption feature by the same amount independent of the line of sight.
Conversely, perturbations of about 10% of the area of the photodisk introduce
variation in the absorption depth which does depend on the line of sight. Thus,
1% photodisk area perturbations may be consistent with observed profile
homogeneity but 10% photodisk area perturbations can not. Based on this, we
suggest that the absence of significant variation in the depths of Si II 6355
absorption features in normal Type Ia spectra near maximum light indicates that
any composition perturbations in these events are quite small. This also
constrains future three-dimensional explosion models to produce ejecta profiles
with only small scale inhomogeneities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95818 </DOCNO>
Quasiprobability and Probability Distributions for Spin 1/2 States


  We develop a Radon like transformation, in which $P$ quasiprobability
distribution for spin 1/2 states is written in terms the tomographic
probability distribution $w$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85742 </DOCNO>
Exact static solutions in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton gravity with


  We present solution generating methods which allow to construct exact static
solutions to the equations of four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton gravity
starting with arbitrary static solutions to the pure vacuum Einstein equations,
Einstein-dilaton or Einstein-Maxwell equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95409 </DOCNO>
Morse theory for the Yang-Mills functional via equivariant homotopy


  In this paper we show the existence of non minimal critical points of the
Yang-Mills functional over a certain family of 4-manifolds with generic
SU(2)-invariant metrics using Morse and homotopy theoretic methods. These
manifolds are acted on fixed point freely by the Lie group SU(2) with quotient
a compact Riemann surface of even genus. We use a version of invariant Morse
theory for the Yang-Mills functional used by Parker and by Rade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125378 </DOCNO>
Reconciliation of the Surface Brightness Fluctuations and Type Ia


  We present Hubble Space Telescope measurements of surface brightness
fluctuations (SBF) distances to early-type galaxies that have hosted Type Ia
supernovae (SNIa). The agreement in the relative SBF and SNIa multicolor light
curve shape and delta-m_15 distances is excellent. There is no systematic scale
error with distance, and previous work has shown that SBF and SNIa give
consistent ties to the Hubble flow. However, we confirm a systematic offset of
about 0.25 mag in the distance zero points of the two methods, and we trace
this offset to their respective Cepheid calibrations. SBF has in the past been
calibrated with Cepheid distances from the H_0 Key Project team, while SNIa
have been calibrated with Cepheid distances from the team composed of Sandage,
Saha, and collaborators. When the two methods are calibrated in a consistent
way, their distances are in superb agreement. Until the conflict over the
``long'' and ``short'' extragalactic Cepheid distances among many galaxies is
resolved, we cannot definitively constrain the Hubble constant to better than
about 10%, even leaving aside the additional uncertainty in the distance to the
Large Magellanic Cloud, common to both Cepheid scales. However, recent
theoretical SBF predictions from stellar population models favor the Key
Project Cepheid scale, while the theoretical SNIa calibration lies between the
long and short scales. In addition, while the current SBF distance to M31/M32
is in good agreement with the RR Lyrae and red giant branch distances,
calibrating SBF with the longer Cepheid scale would introduce a 0.3 mag offset
with respect to the RR Lyrae scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81495 </DOCNO>
Lattice chiral symmetry, Yukawa couplings and the Majorana condition


  It is shown that the conflict between lattice chiral symmetry and the
Majorana condition in the presence of Yukawa couplings, which was noted in our
previous paper, is related in an essential way to the basic properties of
Ginsparg-Wilson operators, namely, locality and species doubling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149069 </DOCNO>
Super Virasoro Ghost Algebra using the Conformal Ghosts


  Superconformal ghost current generators of conformal dimension 3/2 are
constructed using the conformal ghosts and anticommuting infinite dimensional
gamma matrices of the Clifford algebra. The super-Virasoro algebra for the
ghosts in both the N.S. and R sectors are presented. The anomaly terms in both
cases are deduced using Jacobi identity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87068 </DOCNO>
Strange stars as persistent sources of gravitational waves


  We investigate the relevance of the gravitational-wave driven r-mode
instability for strange stars. We find that the unstable r-modes affect strange
stars in a way that is quite distinct from the neutron star case. For accreting
strange stars we show that the onset of r-mode instability does not lead to the
thermo-gravitational runaway that is likely to occur in neutron stars. Instead,
the strange star evolves towards a quasi-equilibrium state on a timescale of
about a year. This mechanism could thus explain the clustering of
spin-frequencies inferred from kHz QPO data in Low-mass X-ray binaries. For
young strange stars we show that the r-mode driven spin-evolution is also
distinct from the neutron star case. In a young strange star the r-mode
undergoes short cycles of instability during the first few months. This is
followed by a quasi-adiabatic phase where the r-mode remains at a small,
roughly constant, amplitude for thousands of years. Another distinguishing
feature from the neutron star case is that the r-modes in a strange star never
grow to large amplitudes. Our results suggest that the r-modes in strange star
emit a persistent gravitational-wave signal that should be detectable with
large-scale interferometers given an observation time of a few months. If
detected, these signals would provide unique evidence for the existence of
strange stars, which would put useful constraints on the parameters of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97636 </DOCNO>
Limit Measures for Affine Cellular Automata, II


  If M is a monoid (e.g. the lattice Z^D), and A is an abelian group, then A^M
is a compact abelian group; a linear cellular automaton (LCA) is a continuous
endomorphism F:A^M ---> A^M that commutes with all shift maps. If F is
diffusive, and mu is a harmonically mixing (HM) probability measure on A^M,
then the sequence {F^N mu} (N=1,2,3,...) weak*-converges to the Haar measure on
A^M, in density. Fully supported Markov measures on A^Z are HM, and nontrivial
LCA on A^{Z^D} are diffusive when A=Z/p is a prime cyclic group.
  In the present work, we provide sufficient conditions for diffusion of LCA on
A^{Z^D} when A=Z/n is any cyclic group or when A=[Z/(p^r)]^J (p prime). We show
that any fully supported Markov random field A^{Z^D} is HM (where A is any
abelian group). We also provide examples of HM Markov measures not having full
support, and measures on A^Z which have the Kolmogorov property but which are
not HM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4272 </DOCNO>
Orbital excitations in LaMnO$_3$


  We study the recently observed orbital excitations, orbitons, and treat
electron-electron correlations and lattice dynamics on equal footing. It is
shown that the orbiton energy and dispersion are determined by both
correlations and lattice-vibrations. The electron-phonon coupling causes
satellite structures in the orbiton spectral function and the elementary
excitations of the system are mixed modes with both orbital and phonon
character. It is proposed that the satellite structures observed in recent
Raman-scattering experiments on LaMnO$_3$ are actually orbiton derived
satellites in the phonon spectral function, caused by the phonon-orbiton
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5271 </DOCNO>
Relieving the fermionic and the dynamical sign problem: Multilevel


  This article gives an introduction to the multilevel blocking (MLB) approach
to both the fermion and the dynamical sign problem in path-integral Monte Carlo
simulations. MLB is able to substantially relieve the sign problem in many
situations. Besides an exposition of the method, its accuracy and several
potential pitfalls are discussed, providing guidelines for the proper choice of
certain MLB parameters. Simulation results are shown for strongly interacting
electrons in a 2D parabolic quantum dot, the real-time dynamics of several
simple model systems, and the dissipative two-state dynamics (spin-boson
problem).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179364 </DOCNO>
Meson Properties in Dense Hadronic Matter


  The medium modification of mesons in dense hadronic matter is discussed with
a focus on the relationship to the chiral structure of the non-perturbative QCD
vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124536 </DOCNO>
The mysterious HI deficiency of NGC 3175


  Australia Telescope Compact Array HI observations reveal the existence of
5.8x10^8 M_sun of HI gas in the central 7 kpc of the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC
3175. The detected HI and CO gas can explain why star formation, as traced by
other emission processes, is going on in the inner part of its disk. On the
other hand, the entire outer disk, beyond 3.5 kpc radius, shows no HI emission,
has a very red colour and exhibits neither radio continuum nor H-alpha
emission. This indicates that the outer part of NGC 3175 is quiescent, i.e. not
forming stars at a measurable rate. Its HI deficiency and the small extent of
the HI layer, which is confined to the boundaries of the optically visible
disk, make NGC 3175 a peculiar spiral galaxy. No intergalactic HI gas in the
NGC 3175 group was detected in our interferometric observations. Earlier Parkes
telescope single dish HI observations put an upper limit on the amount of
diffuse gas that might have been missed by the interferometer at 2x10^8 M_sun.
On DSS plates no galaxy in the NGC 3175 group of galaxies (Garcia 1993) is
close enough to it and none exhibits disturbances that could indicate a close
interaction which might have led to the stripping of large parts of its HI gas.
Thus, despite an extensive multi-wavelength investigation, the reason for the
unusual absence of HI and star formation activity in the outer disk of NGC 3175
remains an intriguing mystery.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4834 </DOCNO>
Effective actions and the density functional theory


  The effective action for the charge density and the photon field is proposed
as a generalization of the density functional. A simple definition is given for
the density functional, as the functional Legendre transform of the generator
functional of connected Green functions for the density and the photon field,
offering systematic approximation schemes. The leading order of the
perturbation expansion reproduces the Hartree-Fock equation. A renormalization
group motivated method is introduced to turn on the Coulomb interaction
gradually and to find corrections to the Hartree-Fock and the Kohn-Sham
schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6458 </DOCNO>
Time dependent correlations in marine stratocumulus cloud base height


  The scaling ranges of time correlations in the cloud base height records of
marine boundary layer stratocumulus are studied applying the Detrended
Fluctuation Analysis statistical method. We have found that time dependent
variations in the evolution of the $\alpha$ exponent reflect the diurnal
dynamics of cloud base height fluctuations in the marine boundary layer. In
general, a more stable structure of the boundary layer corresponds to a lower
value of the $\alpha$ - indicator, i.e. larger anti-persistence, thus a set of
fluctuations tending to induce a greater stability of the stratocumulus. In
contrast, during periods of higher instability in the marine boundary, less
anti-persistent (more persistent like) behavior of the system drags it out of
equilibrium, corresponding to larger $\alpha$ values. From an analysis of the
frequency spectrum, the stratocumulus base height evolution is found to be a
non-stationary process with stationary increments. The occurrence of these
statistics in cloud base height fluctuations suggests the usefulness of similar
studies for the radiation transfer dynamics modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179603 </DOCNO>
Statistical theory of the many-body nuclear system


  A recently proposed statistical theory of the mean fields associated with the
ground and excited collective states of a generic many-body system is extended
by increasing the dimensions of the P-space. In applying the new framework to
nuclear matter, in addition to the mean field energies we obtain their
fluctuations as well, together with the ones of the wavefunctions, in first
order of the expansion in the complexity of the Q-space states. The physics
described by the latter is assumed to be random. To extract numerical
predictions out of our scheme we develop a schematic version of the approach,
which, while much simplified, yields results of significance on the size of the
error affecting the mean fields, on the magnitude of the residual effective
interaction, on the ground state spectroscopic factor and on the mixing
occurring between the vectors spanning the P-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179394 </DOCNO>
Propagation of neutral mesons in asymmetric nuclear matter


  We calculate dispersion relations and propagators for the $\sigma$, $\omega$,
$\rho$ and $\delta$ mesons in relativistic nuclear matter with a proton-neutron
asymmetry. In addition to the $\sigma$-$\omega$ and $\delta$-$\rho$ mixings
already present in symmetric matter, mixing occur between all components of the
$\sigma$-$\omega$-$\delta$-$\rho$ system when the proton fraction differs from
1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73090 </DOCNO>
Muon-electron conversion in strange quark sea


  We study nuclear muon-electron (mu-e) conversion in the general framework of
effective Lagrangian approach without referring to any specific realization of
the physics beyond the standard model (SM) responsible for lepton flavor
violation (LFV). All the possible types of short range interactions
(non-photonic mechanisms), i.e. (pseudo-)scalar, (axial-)vector and tensor, are
included in our formalism. We show that the mu-e conversion in the strange
nucleon sea via the scalar interactions is comparable with that in the valence
quarks. This provides an insight into the strange quark couplings beyond the
SM. From the available experimental data on mu-e conversion and expected
sensitivities of planned experiments we derived upper bounds on the generic LFV
- parameters of mu-e conversion sensitive to the relevant u-,d- and s-quark
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1733 </DOCNO>
Parallel magnetic field induced strong negative magnetoresistance in a


  A negative magnetoresistance under the in-plane magnetic field, reaching
maximum 30-40% of its zero-field value in fields higher than ~12 T, has been
found in wide Ge_{1-x}Si_x/Ge/p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x quantum wells (QW) containing the
quasi-two-dimensional hole gas. In the QWs of intermediate widths and hole
densities, this negative magnetoresistance may be explained as being caused by
suppression of the intersubband scattering due to the upper subband
depopulation. For the widest QWs with the highest hole densities, in which the
hole gas is divided into two sublayers, similar negative magnetoresistance was
observed and tentatively interpreted as also been due to suppression of the
intersubband scattering, but subbands are the lowest symmetric and
antisymmetric states of the double quantum well structure. These subbands shift
under the in-plane magnetic field not vertically in energy, but horizontally
along the wave vector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41695 </DOCNO>
Research and Development towards a Detector for a High Energy


  This exposition provides a detailed picture of ongoing and planned activities
towards the development of a detector for a high-energy Linear Collider. Cases
for which research and development activity does not exist, or needs to be
bolstered, are identified for the various subsystems. The case is made that the
full exploitation of the potential of a high-energy Linear Collider will
require the augmentation of existing detector technology and simulation
capability, and that this program should become a major focus of the worldwide
particle physics community should the construction of a Linear Collider become
likely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76431 </DOCNO>
Probing the Planck Scale in Low-Energy Atomic Physics


  Experiments in atomic physics have exceptional sensitivity to small shifts in
energy in an atom, ion, or bound particle. They are particularly well suited to
search for unique low-energy signatures of new physics, including effects that
could originate from the Planck scale. A number of recent experiments have used
CPT and Lorentz violation as a candidate signal of new physics originating from
the Planck scale. A discussion of these experiments and their theoretical
implications is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128209 </DOCNO>
The TexOx Survey of Radio-Selected Galaxy Clusters


  We present some initial results from the TexOx (Texas-Oxford) Cluster (TOC)
survey - a new method of selecting distant galaxy clusters. The cosmic
evolution of the radio source population suggests that some massive clusters at
high redshift will contain several radio-loud AGN. We searched for extreme
over-densities at ~mJy levels in 7' x 7' boxes within the NVSS radio catalogue,
covering a large (~1100 square degree) sky area. We have acquired optical
images for ~130 cluster candidates, and followed up a subset of these with the
VLA, and with Calar Alto near-IR imaging. Ryle Telescope observations have
yielded at least one Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) detection of a massive z~1 system.
Spectroscopic follow-up with 8-m class telescopes is in progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73322 </DOCNO>
Baryons with two heavy quarks


  We consider general physical characteristics of doubly heavy baryons: the
spectroscopy in the framework of potential approach and sum rules of QCD,
mechanisms of production in various interactions on the basis of fragmentation
model with account of preasymptotic corrections caused by higher twists over
the transverse momentum of baryon, inclusive decays and lifetimes in the
operator product expansion over the inverse powers of heavy quark masses as
well as the exclusive decays in the sum rules of QCD. We generalize the methods
developed in the effective theory of heavy quarks towards the description of
systems with two heavy quarks and a single light quark. The calculations are
presented for the masses, decay widths and yields of baryons with two heavy
quarks in the running and planned experimental facilities. We discuss the
prospects of search for the baryons and possibilities of experimental
observation. The most bright physical effects concerning these baryons as well
as their position in the system for the theoretical description of heavy quark
dynamics are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5538 </DOCNO>
Theory of Suspension Segregation in Partially Filled Horizontal Rotating


  It is shown that a suspension of particles in a partially-filled, horizontal,
rotating cylinder is linearly unstable towards axial segregation and an
undulation of the free surface at large enough particle concentrations. Relying
on the shear-induced diffusion of particles, concentration-dependent viscosity,
and the existence of a free surface, our theory provides an explanation of the
experiments of Tirumkudulu et al., Phys. Fluids 11, 507-509 (1999); ibid. 12,
1615 (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179184 </DOCNO>
Selected topics on Low Energy Antiproton Physics


  Some of the last results on low energy antiproton physics are reviewed. First
Faddeev calculations for \={n}d scattering length are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76876 </DOCNO>
Solar neutrino experiments and Borexino perspectives


  We present an updated analysis of all the data available about solar
neutrinos, including the charged current SNO results. The best fit of the data
is obtained in the Large Mixing Angle region, but different solutions are still
possible. We also study the perspectives of Borexino and conclude that this
experiment, with a parallel analysis of total rate and day-night asymmmetry,
should be able to discriminate between the different possible solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76366 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production at the TESLA Collider and its Sensitivity to the


  Heavy quark production is studied at the high energy linear e^+e^- collider
(LC) TESLA both in its nominal and Photon Collider (PC) mode. Leading order
cross-sections are calculated for the production of heavy quarks, e^+e^- ->
e^+e^- Q\bar{Q}X, at high transverse momenta. The sensitivity of this process
to the gluon content in the photon is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179120 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Stopping as A Probe to In-medium Nucleon-nucleon Cross Section


  Using an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics, nuclear stopping in
intermediate heavy ion collisions has been studied. The calculation has been
done for colliding systems with different neutron-proton ratios in beam energy
ranging from 15MeV/u to 150MeV/u. It is found that, in the energy region from
above Fermi energy to 150MeV/u, nuclear stopping is very sensitive to the
isospin dependence of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section, but insensitive
to symmetry potential. From this investigation, we propose that nuclear
stopping can be used as a new probe to extract the information on the isospin
dependence of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in intermediate energy
heavy ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97024 </DOCNO>
The General O(n) Quartic Matrix Model and its application to Counting


  The counting of alternating tangles in terms of their crossing number, number
of external legs and connected components is presented here in a unified
framework using quantum field-theoretic methods applied to a matrix model of
colored links. The overcounting related to topological equivalence of diagrams
is removed by means of a renormalization scheme of the matrix model; the
corresponding ``renormalization equations'' are derived. Some particular cases
are studied in detail and solved exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3506 </DOCNO>
Scalar Symmetries of the Hubbard Models with Variable Range Hopping


  Examples of scalar conserved currents are presented for trigonometric,
hyperbolic and elliptic versions of the Hubbard model with non-nearest
neighbour variable range hopping. They support for the first time the
hypothesis about the integrability of the elliptic version. The two- electron
wave functions are constructed in an explicit form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74359 </DOCNO>
Polarized Structure Functions in QCD


  We review the nucleon's polarized structure functions from the viewpoint of
gauge invariant, nonlocal light-cone operators in QCD. We discuss a systematic
treatment of the polarized structure functions and the corresponding parton
distribution functions. We also address a question of what information on the
structure of Nature will be obtained from the future polarized experiments.
  From this point of view, we will discuss the W gamma production at RHIC
polarized experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127286 </DOCNO>
Magnetoconvection and dynamo coefficients: Dependence of the


  We present numerical simulations of three-dimensional compressible
magnetoconvection in a rotating rectangular box that represents a section of
the solar convection zone. The box contains a convectively unstable layer,
surrounded by stably stratified layers with overshooting convection. The
magnetic Reynolds number, Rm, is chosen subcritical, thus excluding spontaneous
growth of the magnetic field through dynamo action, and the magnetic energy is
maintained by introducing a constant magnetic field into the box, once
convection has attained a statistically stationary state. Under the influence
of the Coriolis force, the advection of the magnetic field results in a
non-vanishing contribution to the mean electric field, given by uxb. From this
electric field, we calculate the alpha-effect, separately for the stably and
the unstably stratified layers, by averaging over time and over suitably
defined volumes. From the variation of alpha we derive an error estimate, and
the dependence of alpha on rotation and magnetic field strength is studied.
Evidence is found for rotational quenching of the vertical alpha-effect, and
for a monotonic increase of the horizontal alpha-effect with increasing
rotation. For Rm~30, our results for both vertical and horizontal alpha-effect
are consistent with magnetic quenching by a factor 1/[1+Rm(B_0/B_eq)^2]. The
signs of the small-scale current helicity and of the vertical component of
alpha are found to be opposite to those for isotropic turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1540 </DOCNO>
Electron-doping versus hole-doping in the 2D t-t' Hubbard model


  We compare the one-loop renormalization group flow to strong coupling of the
electronic interactions in the two-dimensional t-t'-Hubbard model with t'=-0.3t
for band fillings smaller and larger than half-filling. Using a numerical
N-patch scheme (N=32...96) we show that in the electron-doped case with
decreasing electron density there is a rapid transition from a d(x^2-y^2)-wave
superconducting regime with small characteristic energy scale to an approximate
nesting regime with strong antiferromagnetic tendencies and higher energy
scales. This contrasts with the hole-doped side discussed recently which
exhibits a broad parameter region where the renormalization group flow suggests
a truncation of the Fermi surface at the saddle points. We compare the
quasiparticle scattering rates obtained from the renormalization group
calculation which further emphasize the differences between the two cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76011 </DOCNO>
MRST2001: partons and alpha_S from precise deep inelastic scattering and


  We use all the available new precise data for deep inelastic and related hard
scattering processes to perform NLO global parton analyses. These new data
allow an improved determination of partons and, in particular, the inclusion of
the recent measurements of the structure functions at HERA and of the inclusive
jets at the Tevatron help to determine the gluon distribution and alpha_S
better than ever before. We find a somewhat smaller gluon at low x than
previous determinations and that alpha_S(M_Z^2) = 0.119 +/- 0.002 (expt.) +/-
0.003 (theory).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148500 </DOCNO>
Higher-Derivative Gravity and the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We investigate the AdS/CFT correspondence for higher-derivative gravity
systems, and develop a formalism in which the generating functional of the
boundary field theory is given as a functional that depends only on the
boundary values of bulk fields. We also derive a Hamilton-Jacobi-like equation
that uniquely determines the generating functional, and give an algorithm
calculating the Weyl anomaly. Using the expected duality between a
higher-derivative gravity system and N=2 superconformal field theory in four
dimensions, we demonstrate that the resulting Weyl anomaly is consistent with
the field theoretic one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83611 </DOCNO>
Replica Selection in the Globus Data Grid


  The Globus Data Grid architecture provides a scalable infrastructure for the
management of storage resources and data that are distributed across Grid
environments. These services are designed to support a variety of scientific
applications, ranging from high-energy physics to computational genomics, that
require access to large amounts of data (terabytes or even petabytes) with
varied quality of service requirements. By layering on a set of core services,
such as data transport, security, and replica cataloging, one can construct
various higher-level services. In this paper, we discuss the design and
implementation of a high-level replica selection service that uses information
regarding replica location and user preferences to guide selection from among
storage replica alternatives. We first present a basic replica selection
service design, then show how dynamic information collected using Globus
information service capabilities concerning storage system properties can help
improve and optimize the selection process. We demonstrate the use of Condor's
ClassAds resource description and matchmaking mechanism as an efficient tool
for representing and matching storage resource capabilities and policies
against application requirements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129447 </DOCNO>
An X-ray, Optical and Radio Search for Supernova Remnants in the Nearby


  We present a multi-wavelength study of the properties of supernova remnants
(SNRs) in the nearby Sculptor Group Sd galaxy NGC 7793. Using our own Very
Large Array radio observations at 6 and 20 cm, as well as archived ROSAT X-ray
data, previously published optical results and our own H-alpha image, we have
searched for X-ray and radio counterparts to previously known
optically-identified SNRs and for new previously unidentified SNRs at these two
wavelength regimes. Only two of the 28 optically-identified SNRs are detected
at another wavelength. The most noteworthy source in our study is N7793-S26,
which is the only SNR that is detected at all three wavelengths. It features a
long (approximately 450 pc) filamentary morphology that is clearly seen in both
the optical and radio images. N7793-S26's radio luminosity exceeds that of the
Galactic SNR Cas A, and based on equipartition calculations we determine that
an energy of at least 10^52 ergs is required to maintain this source. A second
optically identified SNR, N7793-S11, has detectable radio emission but is not
detected in the X-ray. Complementary X-ray and radio searches for SNRs have
yielded five new candidate radio SNRs, to be added to the 28 SNRs in this
galaxy that have already been detected by optical methods. We find that the
density of the ambient interstellar medium (ISM) surrounding these SNRs
significantly impacts the spectral characteristics of SNRs in this galaxy,
consistent with surveys of the SNR populations in other galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86602 </DOCNO>
The Weyl tensor two-point function in de Sitter spacetime


  We present an expression for the Weyl-Weyl two-point function in de Sitter
spacetime, based on a recently calculated covariant graviton two-point function
with one gauge parameter. We find that the Weyl-Weyl two-point function falls
off with distance like r^{-4}, where r is spacelike coordinate separation
between the two points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124207 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Supernova in the Ic Band Light Curve of the Optical


  Unique data on $BVRI$ brightness curves of the OT of GRB 970508 obtained with
the 6-m telescope have been interpreted in the framework of the GRB-SN
(supernovae) connection. The effect must be maximal in the I_c band as OT GRB
970228. The peak absolute (M_B) magnitude of the suggested SN must be around
-19.5 for the OT of GRB 970508. If all or the main part of long GRBs are
associated with SNe, the GRB host galaxies (for ground-based observations, at
least) must be dimmer than the peak magnitude of the SN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97501 </DOCNO>
Kirillov theory, Treves strata, Schrodinger equations and analytic


  We attach representations to non-symplectic stratum in the characteristic set
of real vector fields. This leads to Schrodinger operators. The analysis of the
solutions of these Schrodinger equations allows us to construct smooth,
non-analytic solutions of the sub-elliptic operator formed by taking sums of
squares of the real vector fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5962 </DOCNO>
The origin of combination frequencies in quantum magnetization


  The influence of chemical potential oscillations on the magnetization
oscillations in two-dimensional multiband metals is investigated. In the regime
of small chemical potential oscillations, the Fourier series of magnetization
oscillations is derived. As a result, combination frequencies with significant
amplitudes are found if individual band frequencies differ significantly. The
analytical derivation of Alexandrov and Bratkovsky [Phys. Rev. B 63, 033105
(2001)] of magnetic quantum oscillations in two-dimensional multiband metals in
the presence of chemical potential oscillations is shown to be irrelevant.
Their mechanism for explaining the presence of combination frequencies in the
Fourier spectrum of magnetization oscillations makes no sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98246 </DOCNO>
Enriques surfaces with eight nodes


  A nodal Enriques surface can have at most 8 nodes. We give an explicit
description of Enriques surfaces with 8 nodes, showing that they are quotients
of products of elliptic curves by a group isomorphic to $\Z_2^2$ or to $\Z_2^3$
acting freely in codimension 1. We use this result to show that if $S$ is a
minimal surface of general type with $p_g=0$ such that the image of the
bicanonical map is birational to an Enriques surface then $K^2_S=3$ and the
bicanonical map is a morphism of degree 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75826 </DOCNO>
Temporal quark and gluon propagators: measuring the quasiparticle masses


  We calculate the Coulomb gauge temporal quark and gluon propagators in
quenched QCD. From the temporal quark and gluon propagators, dispersion
relations and quasiparticle masses are determined by means of the Maximum
Entropy Method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113549 </DOCNO>
About forces, acting on radiating charge


  It is shown, that the force acting on a radiating charge is stipulated by two
reasons - owing to exchange of a momentum between radiating charge and
electromagnetic field of radiation, and also between a charge and field
accompanying the charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3531 </DOCNO>
Classical to quantum crossover in high-current noise of one-dimensional


  Microscopic current fluctuations are inseparable from conductance. We give an
integral account of both quantized conductance and nonequilibrium thermal noise
in one-dimensional ballistic wires. Our high-current noise theory opens a very
different window on such systems. Central to the role of nonequilibrium
ballistic noise is its direct and robust dependence on the statistics of
carriers. For, with increasing density, they undergo a marked crossover from
classical to strongly degenerate behavior. This is singularly evident where the
two-probe conductance shows quantized steps: namely, at the discrete
subband-energy thresholds. There the excess thermal noise of field-excited
ballistic electrons displays sharp and large peaks, invariably larger than shot
noise. Most significant is the nonequilibrium peaks' high sensitivity to
inelastic relaxation within the open system. Through that sensitivity,
high-current noise provides unique clues to the origin of quantized contact
resistance and its evolution towards normal diffusive conduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4577 </DOCNO>
Transport of Bose-Einstein Condensates with Optical Tweezers


  We have transported gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates over distances up to 44
cm. This was accomplished by trapping the condensate in the focus of an
infrared laser and translating the location of the laser focus with controlled
acceleration. Condensates of order 1 million atoms were moved into an auxiliary
chamber and loaded into a magnetic trap formed by a Z-shaped wire. This
transport technique avoids the optical and mechanical access constraints of
conventional condensate experiments and creates many new scientific
opportunities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128032 </DOCNO>
The Crab Nebula at 850 microns


  Observations of the Crab Nebula at 850 micron made with the "Submillimetre
Common-User Bolometer Array" (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope are
presented. A variety of chop-throws and scanning directions was used in these
observations, to well sample structure over a range of scales and directions.
The resulting image, which was restored using a MEM algorithm, has a resolution
of 17 arcsec, and has been compared with a 20-cm VLA image of the Crab Nebula
to study spectral index variations. The 850-micron and 20-cm images are very
similar, implying that there is little variation in spectral index across the
face of the remnant between these wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3419 </DOCNO>
Microwave absorption by the Josephson-junction network in a low field: A


  We discuss the applied magnetic field dependence of the absorption of
microwaves by a 3-dimensional array up to 30x30x30 Josephson junctions with
random parameters including the resistivity, capacity and inductance of each
junction. The numerical simulation results for the networks show characteristic
microwave absorption anomalies observed in the ceramic samples of high
temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O(7-x). We also provide a discussion of the
absorption in simple analytical terms of Josephson loop instabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41312 </DOCNO>
A Multifunctional Processing Board for the Fast Track Trigger of the H1


  The electron-proton collider HERA is being upgraded to provide higher
luminosity from the end of the year 2001. In order to enhance the selectivity
on exclusive processes a Fast Track Trigger (FTT) with high momentum resolution
is being built for the H1 Collaboration. The FTT will perform a 3-dimensional
reconstruction of curved tracks in a magnetic field of 1.1 Tesla down to 100
MeV in transverse momentum. It is able to reconstruct up to 48 tracks within 23
mus in a high track multiplicity environment. The FTT consists of two hardware
levels L1, L2 and a third software level. Analog signals of 450 wires are
digitized at the first level stage followed by a quick lookup of valid track
segment patterns.
  For the main processing tasks at the second level such as linking, fitting
and deciding, a multifunctional processing board has been developed by the ETH
Zurich in collaboration with Supercomputing Systems (Zurich). It integrates a
high-density FPGA (Altera APEX 20K600E) and four floating point DSPs (Texas
Instruments TMS320C6701). This presentation will mainly concentrate on second
trigger level hardware aspects and on the implementation of the algorithms used
for linking and fitting. Emphasis is especially put on the integrated CAM
(content addressable memory) functionality of the FPGA, which is ideally suited
for implementing fast search tasks like track segment linking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75922 </DOCNO>
The D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K^0} decay beyond factorization


  The decay mode D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K^0} has no factorizable contribution. We
calculate the nonfactorizable chiral loop contributions of order O(p^3)and then
we use a heavy-light type chiral quark model to calculate nonfactorizable tree
level terms, also of order O(p^3), proportional to the gluon condensate.
Calculated chiral loops and the gluon condensate contributions are of the same
order of magnitude as the experimental amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149541 </DOCNO>
Field redefinitions and massive BF models in arbitrary space-time


  We show that the topological massive BF theories can be written as a pure BF
term through field redefinitions. The fields are rewritten as power expansion
series in the inverse of the mass parameter $m$. We also give a cohomological
justification of this expansion through BRST framework. In this approach the BF
term can be seen as a topological generator for massive BF theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96603 </DOCNO>
D-Branes on Noncompact Calabi-Yau Manifolds: K-Theory and Monodromy


  We study D-branes on smooth noncompact toric Calabi-Yau manifolds that are
resolutions of abelian orbifold singularities. Such a space has a distinguished
basis {S_i} for the compactly supported K-theory. Using local mirror symmetry
we demonstrate that the S_i have simple transformation properties under
monodromy; in particular, they are the objects that generate monodromy around
the principal component of the discriminant locus. One of our examples, the
toric resolution of C^3/(Z_2 x Z_2), is a three parameter model for which we
are able to give an explicit solution of the GKZ system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41199 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Beam-Spin Azimuthal Asymmetry Associated with


  The beam-spin asymmetry in hard electroproduction of photons has been
measured for the first time. The data have been accumulated by the HERMES
experiment at DESY using the HERA 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized positron
beam and an unpolarized hydrogen gas target. The asymmetry in the azimuthal
distribution of the produced photons in the angle phi relative to the lepton
scattering plane was determined with respect to the helicity state of the
incoming positron beam. The beam-spin analyzing power in the sin(phi) moment
was measured to be -0.23 +/- 0.04(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) in the missing-mass
range below 1.7 GeV. The observed asymmetry is attributed to the interference
of the Bethe-Heitler and deeply-virtual Compton scattering processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129519 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of the HH 111 jet from STIS spectra


  We present a long-slit spectrum of the Herbig-Haro object HH 111, obtained
with SITS on the Hubble Space Telescope. This spectrum has a spectral
resolution of approx. 50 km/s, so it gives a good picture of the kinematical
properties of the observed object at very high angular resolution. We find that
some of the knots along the jet are associated with sudden drops in the radial
velocity (modulus), confirming that the emission from the knots is formed in
shocks. We interprt the observed position-velocity diagrams in terms of a model
of a jet from a variable source, and we attempt to carry out a reconstruction
of the ejection variability necessary for reproducing the observed kinematical
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85693 </DOCNO>
Anti-de Sitter-type 2+1 spacetime of a charged rotating mass


  The exact charged rotating solution of 2+1 Einstein-Maxwell equations with
$\Lambda$ term is obtained and its properties outlined. It generalizes the
Cataldo-Cruz-del Campo-Garc{\'\i}a relativistic charged massive black hole on
the 2+1 anti-de Sitter cosmological background. We show that rotating solutions
correspond to inhomogeneous field equations, thus presence of sources in 2+1
Maxwell's equations cannot be identified with existence of a charge
distribution. Instead, these sources are related to the 2+1 Machian 2-form
field, and the overall Lagrangian structure of the rotating system is
reconstructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4531 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic scaling and generalized conformal invariance at Lifshitz


  A new variant of the Wolff cluster algorithm is proposed for simulating
systems with competing interactions. This method is used in a high-precision
study of the Lifshitz point of the 3D ANNNI model. At the Lifshitz point,
several critical exponents are found and the anisotropic scaling of the
correlators is verified. The functional form of the two-point correlators is
shown to be consistent with the predictions of generalized conformal
invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3323 </DOCNO>
Mean field behaviour of spin systems with orthogonal interaction matrix


  For the long-range deterministic spin models with glassy behaviour of
Marinari, Parisi and Ritort we prove weighted factorization properties of the
correlation functions which represent the natural generalization of the
factorization rules valid for the Curie-Weiss case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179435 </DOCNO>
Magic numbers in exotic nuclei and spin-isospin properties of {\it NN}


  The magic numbers in exotic nuclei are discussed, and their novel origin is
shown to be the spin-isospin dependent part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction
in nuclei. The importance and robustness of this mechanism is shown in terms of
meson exchange, G-matrix and QCD theories. In neutron-rich exotic nuclei, magic
numbers such as N = 8, 20, etc. can disappear, while N = 6, 16, etc. arise,
affecting the structure of lightest exotic nuclei to nucleosynthesis of heavy
elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86721 </DOCNO>
Kappa - Poincare dispersion relations and the black hole radiation


  Following the methods developed by Corley and Jacobson, we consider
qualitatively the issue of Hawking radiation in the case when the dispersion
relation is dictated by quantum kappa-Poincare algebra. This relation
corresponds to field equations that are non-local in time, and, depending on
the sign of the parameter kappa, to sub- or superluminal signal propagation. We
also derive the conserved inner product, that can be used to count modes, and
therefore to obtain the spectrum of black hole radiation in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76187 </DOCNO>
New analytic results for electroweak baryon number violation


  Real-time anomalous fermion number violation has been investigated for
massless chiral fermions in spherically symmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills gauge field
backgrounds which can be weakly dissipative or even nondissipative. Restricting
consideration to spherically symmetric fermion fields, a relation has been
found between the spectral flow of the Dirac Hamiltonian and two
characteristics of the background gauge field. This new result may be relevant
to electroweak baryon number violation in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124397 </DOCNO>
Can A Gravitational Quadruple Lens Produce 17 images?


  Gravitational lensing can be by a faint star, a trillion stars of a galaxy,
or a cluster of galaxies, and this poses a familiar struggle between particle
method and mean field method. In a bottom-up approach, a puzzle has been laid
on whether a quadruple lens can produce 17 images. The number of images is
governed by the gravitational lens equation, and the equation for $n$-tuple
lenses suggests that the maximum number of images of a point source potentially
increases as $n^2+1$. Indeed, the classes of $n=1, 2, 3$ lenses produce up to
$n^2+1 = 2, 5, 10$ images. We discuss the $n$-point lens system as a
two-dimensional harmonic flow of an inviscid fluid, count the caustics
topologically, recognize the significance of the limit points and discuss the
notion of image domains. We conjecture that the total number of positive images
is bounded by the number of finite limit points $2(n-1): n>1$ (1 limit point at
$\infty$ if $n=1$). A corollary is that the total number of images of a point
source produced by an $n$-tuple lens can not exceed $5(n-1):n>1$. We construct
quadruple lenses with distinct finite limit points that can produce up to 15
images and argue why there can not be more than 15 images. We show that the
maximum number of images is bounded from below by $3(n+1): n \ge 3$. We also
comment on "thick Einstein rings" that can have one or more holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5432 </DOCNO>
Exact versus mean-field solutions in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate


  We examine the equivalence between "exact" and mean-field solutions for the
lowest state of a harmonically-trapped, weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein
condensate of atoms which rotates with a given angular momentum. Making use of
the pair correlation function, we demonstrate that the solutions from the two
approaches give essentially the same results in the asymptotic limit of a large
number of atoms in the trap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123940 </DOCNO>
Gas Dynamic Stripping and X-Ray Emission of Cluster Elliptical Galaxies


  Detailed 3-D numerical simulations of an elliptical galaxy orbiting in a
gas-rich cluster of galaxies indicate that gas dynamic stripping is less
efficient than the results from previous, simpler calculations (Takeda et al.
1984; Gaetz et al. 1987) implied. This result is consistent with X-ray data for
cluster elliptical galaxies. Hydrodynamic torques and direct accretion of
orbital angular momentum can result in the formation of a cold gaseous disk,
even in a non-rotating galaxy. The gas lost by cluster galaxies via the process
of gas dynamic stripping tends to produce a colder, chemically enriched cluster
gas core. A comparison of the models with the available X-ray data of cluster
galaxies shows that the X-ray luminosity distribution of cluster galaxies may
reflect hydrodynamic stripping, but also that a purely hydrodynamic treatment
is inadequate for the cooler interstellar medium near the centre of the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1855 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Long-range electrostatic interactions between like-charged


  In a recent study [Phys. Rev. E 60, 6530 (1999)], Trizac and Raimbault showed
that the effective pair interaction between like charged colloids immersed in a
cylindrically confined electrolyte remains repulsive even when the size of the
micro-ions or the finite longitudinal extension of the confining cylinder are
taken into account. Contrary to their claim, we argue that the case of finite
longitudinal confinement doesn't always generate repulsive interactions and to
illustrate this point we also provide a simple example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126314 </DOCNO>
The Morphological Evolution of Merger Remnants


  Elliptical galaxies formed in a major merger tend to become more nearly
spherical with time, thanks to the gravitational effect of their central black
hole (or black holes). Observational results indicate that elliptical galaxies
with older stellar populations (t > 7.5 Gyr) have rounder central isophotes
than ellipticals with younger stellar populations. In addition, older
ellipticals tend to have core profiles, while younger ellipticals tend to have
power-law profiles. Numerical simulations of galaxy mergers indicate that if
one or both of the progenitors have a central black hole with a mass around 0.2
percent of the mass in stars, then the effect of the black hole(s) is to make
the central regions of the remnant rounder, with a characteristic time of a few
gigayears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73214 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment and the stabilized Randall-Sundrum


  We study the effects of extra dimension on the muon anomalous magnetic moment
in the stabilized Randall-Sundrum scenario. The effects of the Kaluza-Klein
states heavier than the cut-off scale expected to be of order $\Lambda_\pi$ are
neglected. Contribution from the spin-2 Kaluza-Klein states dominates over that
from the spin-0 radion. The recent BNL E821 results impose a strict constraint
on the parameter space of the model: $\Lambda_\pi \approx 0.4 - 2.1$ TeV with
$k/ M_{\rm Pl} =0.01 - 0.1$. Small $k/M_{\rm Pl}$ is preferred if $\Lambda_\pi$
is TeV scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75973 </DOCNO>
Possibility of spontaneous CP violation in the nonminimal supersymmetric


  A supersymmetric standard model with two Higgs doublets and two Higgs
singlets is investigated if it can accommodate the possibility of spontaneous
CP violation. Assuming the degeneracy of the scalar quark masses of the third
generation, we find that spontaneous CP violation in the Higgs sector is viable
in our model. In the case of spontaneous CP violation, the masses of the
lightest two neutral Higgs bosons are estimated to be 80 and 125 GeV for some
parameter values in our model, which, are consistent with LEP2 data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83572 </DOCNO>
Easy and Hard Constraint Ranking in OT: Algorithms and Complexity


  We consider the problem of ranking a set of OT constraints in a manner
consistent with data.
  We speed up Tesar and Smolensky's RCD algorithm to be linear on the number of
constraints. This finds a ranking so each attested form x_i beats or ties a
particular competitor y_i. We also generalize RCD so each x_i beats or ties all
possible competitors.
  Alas, this more realistic version of learning has no polynomial algorithm
unless P=NP! Indeed, not even generation does. So one cannot improve
qualitatively upon brute force:
  Merely checking that a single (given) ranking is consistent with given forms
is coNP-complete if the surface forms are fully observed and Delta_2^p-complete
if not. Indeed, OT generation is OptP-complete. As for ranking, determining
whether any consistent ranking exists is coNP-hard (but in Delta_2^p) if the
forms are fully observed, and Sigma_2^p-complete if not.
  Finally, we show that generation and ranking are easier in derivational
theories: in P, and NP-complete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124780 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Composition of the Star Formation Region CMa R1. II.


  We present new high and low resolution spectroscopic and photometric data of
nine members of the young association CMa R1. All the stars have circumstellar
dust at some distance as could be expected from their association with
reflection nebulosity. Four stars (HD 52721, HD 53367, LkHalpha 220 and
LkHalpha 218) show Halpha emission and we argue that they are Herbig Be stars
with discs. Our photometric and spectroscopic observations on these stars
reveal new characteristics of their variability. We present first
interpretations of the variability of HD 52721, HD 53367 and the two LkHalpha
stars in terms of a partially eclipsing binary, a magnetic activity cycle and
circumstellar dust variations, respectively. The remaining five stars show no
clear indications of Halpha emission in their spectra, although their spectral
types and ages are comparable with those of HD 52721 and HD 53367. This
indicates that the presence of a disc around a star in CMa R1 may depend on the
environment of the star. In particular we find that all Halpha emission stars
are located at or outside the arc-shaped border of the H II region, which
suggests that the stars inside the arc have lost their discs through
evaporation by UV photons from nearby O stars, or from the nearby (< 25 pc)
supernova, about 1 Myr ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98144 </DOCNO>
Regularizing a singular special Lagrangian variety


  Suppose $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ are two special Lagrangian submanifolds of $\Rtn$
with boundary that intersect transversally at one point $p$. The set $M_{1}
\cup M_{2}$ is a singular special Lagrangian variety with an isolated
singularity at the point of intersection. Suppose further that the tangent
planes at the intersection satisfy an angle condition (which always holds in
dimension $n=3$). Then, $M_{1} \cup M_{2}$ is regularizable; in other words,
there exists a family of smooth, minimal Lagrangian submanifolds $M_{\alpha}$
with boundary that converges to $M_{1} \cup M_{2}$ in a suitable topology. This
result is obtained by first gluing a smooth neck into a neighbourhood of $M_{1}
\cap M_{2}$ and then by perturbing this approximate solution until it becomes
minimal and Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75008 </DOCNO>
CP Tagged Decays at SuperBaBar


  We explore the possibility of measuring the CKM parameter gamma using CP
tagged decays at a very high luminosity e+e- B Factory. A new collider capable
of integrating as much as 10 inverse attobarns per year is being discussed as a
possible future for SLAC beyond the current PEP-II program, and could also be
in the future of KEK. In two years of operation, it could be possible for a
successor to BaBar or Belle to accumulate a sample of one million CP tagged B
decays. We find that a theoretically clean extraction of gamma with uncertainty
less than 5 degrees may be achievable in the analysis of such a data set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98985 </DOCNO>
The t-singular homology of orbifolds


  For an orbifold M we define a homology group, called t-singular homology
group t-H_q(M), which depends not only on the topological structure of the
underlying space of M, but also on the orbifold structure of M. We prove that
it is a b-homotopy invariant of orbifolds. If M is a manifold, t-H_q(M)
coincides with the usual singular homology group. We calculate the t-singular
homology groups with Z-coefficients of several orbifolds. The t-singular
homology group with rational coefficients of an orbifold M is isomorphic to the
singular homology group with rational coefficients of M (and to that of |M|).
 For each q we define a homomorphism from the orbifold homotopy group
\pi_q(M,x_0) to t-H_q(M) by using of t-modifications. Especially, t-H_1(M) is
isomorphic to the abelianization of \pi_1(M,x_0) if M is arcwise connected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149540 </DOCNO>
When the Casimir energy is not a sum of zero-point energies


  We compute the leading radiative correction to the Casimir force between two
parallel plates in the $\lambda\Phi^4$ theory. Dirichlet and periodic boundary
conditions are considered. A heuristic approach, in which the Casimir energy is
computed as the sum of one-loop corrected zero-point energies, is shown to
yield incorrect results, but we show how to amend it. The technique is then
used in the case of periodic boundary conditions to construct a perturbative
expansion which is free of infrared singularities in the massless limit. In
this case we also compute the next-to-leading order radiative correction, which
turns out to be proportional to $\lambda^{3/2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3018 </DOCNO>
Testing the Zurek-Kibble Causality Bounds with Annular Josephson Tunnel


  Zurek has provided simple causal bounds for the onset of phase transitions in
condensed matter, that mirror those proposed by Kibble for relativistic quantum
field theory. In this paper we show how earlier experiments with annular
Josephson tunnel Junctions are consistent with this scenario, and suggest how
further experiments might confirm it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1989 </DOCNO>
Photon Counting Statistics for Single Molecule Spectroscopy


  We present a general relation between Mandel's $Q$ parameter describing
variance of number of photons emitted from a single molecule and a three time
correlation function describing a spectral diffusion process the molecule is
undergoing. For a prototype of such a stochastic process an exact solution is
found which exhibits rich types of physical behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124850 </DOCNO>
Aspherical Supernovae: Hydrodynamics & Radiation Transport


  Core collapse supernovae (SN) are the final stages of stellar evolution in
massive stars during which the central region collapses, forms a neutron star
(NS), and the outer layers are ejected. Recent explosion scenarios assumed that
the ejection is due to energy deposition by neutrinos into the envelope but
detailed models do not produce powerful explosions. There is new and mounting
evidence for an asphericity and, in particular, for axial symmetry in several
SNe which may be hard to reconcile within the spherical picture. This evidence
includes the observed high polarization and its variation with time, pulsar
kicks, high velocity iron-group and intermediate-mass elements material in
remnants & direct observations of the debris of SN87A.Any successful mechanism
must invoke some sort of axial symmetry for the explosion. As limiting case, we
consider jet-induced/dominated explosions of "classical" core collapse SNe. Our
study is based on detailed 3-D hydro and radiation transport models. The jet
properties and of the progenitor structure influence on the final density and
chemical structure. Our calculations show that low velocity, massive jets can
explain the observations. Both asymmetric ionization and density/chemical
distributions have been identified as crucial for the formation of asymmetric
photospheres. Even within the picture of jet-induced explosion, the latter
effect alone fails to explain early polarization in core collapse SNe with a
massive, hydrogen-rich envelopes such as SN1999em.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114529 </DOCNO>
QED-SCF, MCSCF and Coupled-cluster Methods in Quantum Chemistry


  We investigate the method to combine the techniques of quantum chemisty with
QED. In our theory, we treat the N-electron system and the Dirac sea on an
equal footing; we regard both of them as the dynamical degrees of freedom of a
many-body system. After the introduction of our QED-SCF method, the QED-SCF
solutions are classified into several classes on the basis of group-theoretical
operations such as time reversal, parity and O(3) rotational symmetry. The
natural orbitals of general QED-SCF solutions are determined by diagonalizing
the first order density matrix. Thus, we obtain the possibility to treat the
system under strong QED effect by the methods of quantum chemistry, such as
QED-MCSCF and QED-coupled-cluster approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73802 </DOCNO>
Influence of statistical fluctuations on $K/\pi$ ratios in relativistic


  The influence of pure statistical fluctuations on $K/\pi$ ratio is
investigated in an event-by-event way. Poisson and the modified negative
binomial distributions are used as the multiplicity distributions since they
both have statistical background. It is shown that the distributions of the
ratio in these cases are Gaussian, and the mean and relative variance are given
analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97138 </DOCNO>
The Weyl Algebra and the Structure of Lie Superalgebras of Riemannian


  A Lie superalgebrea of Riemannian type leads to a representation of a
quadratic Lie algebra into a Weyl algebra. A necessary and sufficient condition
that such a representation leads to a Lie superalgebra of Riemannian type is
that the Casimir maps to a constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169470 </DOCNO>
Information and Distinguishability of Ensembles of Identical Quantum


  We consider a fixed quantum measurement performed over $n$ identical copies
of quantum states. Using a rigorous notion of distinguishability We consider a
fixed quantum measurement performed over $n$ identical copies of quantum
states. Using a rigorous notion of distinguishability based on Shannon's 12th
theorem, we show that in the case of a single qubit the number of
distinguishable states is
$W(\alpha_1,\alpha_2,n)=|\alpha_1-\alpha_2|\sqrt{\frac{2n}{\pi e}}$, where
$(\alpha_1,\alpha_2)$ is the angle interval from which the states are chosen.
In the general case of an $N$-dimensional Hilbert space and an area $\Omega$ of
the domain on the unit sphere from which the states are chosen, the number of
distinguishable states is $W(N,n,\Omega)=\Omega(\frac{2n}{\pi
e})^{\frac{N-1}{2}}$. The optimal distribution is uniform over the domain in
Cartesian coordinates.based on Shannon's 12th theorem, we show that in the case
of a single qubit the number of distinguishable states is
$W(\alpha_1,\alpha_2,n)=|\alpha_1-\alpha_2|\sqrt{\frac{2n}{\pi e}}$, where
$(\alpha_1,\alpha_2)$ is the angle interval from which the states are chosen.
In the general case of an $N$-dimensional Hilbert space and an area $\Omega$ of
the domain on the unit sphere from which the states are chosen, the number of
distinguishable states is $W(N,n,\Omega)=\Omega(\frac{2n}{\pi
e})^{\frac{N-1}{2}}$. The optimal distribution is uniform over the domain in
Cartesian coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74119 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to bound-state properties in QED


  This talk summarizes some results on bound-state properties obtained since
the previous (1998) RADCOR meeting. Recent results on radiative corrections to
positronium decay width and the $g$-factor of a bound electron are described. A
new approach to evaluating recoil corrections in systems consisting of
particles with different masses is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98123 </DOCNO>
An Algebraic Perspective of Group Relaxations


  This is an expository article on recent developments in the theory of group
relaxations in integer programming from an algebraic perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169299 </DOCNO>
What is the Temperature Dependence of the Casimir Force between Real


  The situation with the temperature corrections to the Casimir force between
real metals of finite conductivity is reported. It is shown that the plasma
dielectric function is well adapted to the Lifshitz formula and leads to
reasonable results for real conductors. The Drude dielectric function which
describes media with dissipation is found not to belong to the application
range of the Lifshitz formula at nonzero temperature. For Drude metals the
special modification of the zero-frequency term of this formula is suggested.
The contradictory results on the subject in recent literature are analysed and
explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5831 </DOCNO>
Stability of magnetic vortex in soft magnetic nano-sized circular


  Stability of magnetic vortex with respect to displacement of its center in a
nano-scale circular cylinder made of soft ferromagnetic material is studied
theoretically. The mode of vortex displacement producing no magnetic charges on
the cylinder side is proposed and the corresponding absolute single-domain
radius of the cylinder is calculated as a function of its thickness and the
exchange length of the material. In cylinders with the radii less than the
single-domain radius the vortex state is unstable and is absolutely prohibited
(except if pinned by material imperfections), so that the distribution of the
magnetization vector in such cylinders in no applied magnetic field is uniform
(or quasi-uniform). The phase diagram of nano-scale cylinders including the
stability line and the metastability region obtained here is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97644 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Calabi-Yau and special Lagrangian geometry


  This paper gives a leisurely introduction to Calabi-Yau manifolds and special
Lagrangian submanifolds from the differential geometric point of view, followed
by a survey of recent results on singularities of special Lagrangian
submanifolds, and their application to the SYZ Conjecture.
  It is aimed at graduate students in Geometry, String Theorists, and others
wishing to learn the subject, and is designed to be fairly self-contained. It
is based on lecture courses given at Nordfjordeid, Norway and MSRI, Berkeley in
June and July 2001.
  We introduce Calabi-Yau m-folds via holonomy groups, Kahler geometry and the
Calabi Conjecture, and special Lagrangian m-folds via calibrated geometry.
`Almost Calabi-Yau m-folds' (a generalization of Calabi-Yau m-folds useful in
special Lagrangian geometry) are explained and the deformation theory and
moduli spaces of compact special Lagrangian submanifolds in (almost) Calabi-Yau
m-folds is described.
  In the final part we consider isolated singularities of special Lagrangian
m-folds, focussing mainly on singularities locally modelled on cones, and the
expected behaviour of singularities of compact special Lagrangian m-folds in
generic (almost) Calabi-Yau m-folds. String Theory, Mirror Symmetry and the SYZ
Conjecture are briefly discussed, and some results of the author on
singularities of special Lagrangian fibrations of Calabi-Yau 3-folds are
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123480 </DOCNO>
Population synthesis for double white dwarfs. II. Semi-detached systems:


  We study two models for AM CVn stars: white dwarfs accreting (i) from a
helium white dwarf companion and (ii) from a helium-star donor. We show that in
the first model possibly no accretion disk forms at the onset of mass transfer.
The stability and the rate of mass transfer then depend on the tidal coupling
between the accretor and the orbital motion. In the second model the formation
of AM CVn stars may be prevented by detonation of the CO white dwarf accretor
and the disruption of the system. With the most favourable conditions for the
formation of AM CVn stars we find a current Galactic birth rate of 6.8 10^{-3}
yr^{-1}. Unfavourable conditions give 1.1 10^{-3} yr^{-1}. The expected total
number of the systems in the Galaxy is 9.4 10^{7} and 1.6 10^{7}, respectively.
We model very simple selection effects to get some idea about the currently
expected observable population and discuss the (quite good) agreement with the
observed systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75091 </DOCNO>
Gravitino Warm Dark Matter with Entropy Production


  Gravitinos with a mass in the keV range are an interesting candidate for warm
dark matter. Recent measurements of the matter density of the universe and of
cosmic structures at the dwarf galaxy scale rule out the simplest gravitino
models with thermal freeze-out. We construct a model where the decay of the
messenger particles that transmit the supersymmetry breaking to the observable
sector generates the required entropy to dilute the gravitino relic density by
the required factor of a few to come in line with observations. The model is
natural, and requires only that the coupling of the messenger sector to the
standard model be set so that the decay happens at the appropriate time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74184 </DOCNO>
Higgs bosons in the simplest SUSY models


  Nowadays in the MSSM the moderate values of $\tan\beta$ are almost excluded
by LEP II lower bound on the lightest Higgs boson mass. In the Next-to-Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model the theoretical upper bound on it increases and
reaches maximal value in the strong Yukawa coupling limit when all solutions of
renormalization group equations are concentrated near the quasi-fixed point.
For calculation of Higgs boson spectrum the perturbation theory method can be
applied. We investigate the particle spectrum in the framework of the modified
NMSSM which leads to the self-consistent solution in the strong Yukawa coupling
limit. This model allows one to get $m_h\sim 125$ GeV at values of
$\tan\beta\ge 1.9$. In the investigated model the lightest Higgs boson mass
does not exceed $130.5\pm 3.5$ GeV. The upper bound on the lightest
CP-even Higgs boson mass in more complicated supersymmetric models is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75030 </DOCNO>
Parton distributions for the pion in a chiral quark model


  Parton distributions for the pion are studied in a chiral quark model
characterized by a quark propagator for which a spectral representation is
assumed. Electromagnetic and chiral symmetry constraints are imposed through
the relevant Ward-Takahashi identities for flavoured vertex functions.
Finiteness of the theory, requires the spectral function to be non-positive
definite. Straightforward calculation yields the result that the pion structure
function becomes one in the chiral limit, regardless of the details of the
spectral function. LO and NLO evolution provide a satisfactory description of
phenomenological parameterizations of the valence distribution functions but
fails to describe gluon and sea distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148771 </DOCNO>
Prepotential Recursion Relations in N=2 Super-Yang Mills with Adjoint


  Linear recursion relations for the instanton corrections to the effective
prepotential are derived for N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories with one
hypermultiplet in the adjoint representation of SU(N) using the Calogero-Moser
parameterization of the Seiberg-Witten spectral curves. S-duality properties of
the Calogero-Moser parameterization and conjectures on the Seiberg-Witten
spectral curves generalized to arbitrary simply laced classical gauge groups
are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72976 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Collapse of a Radiating Shell


  We study the collapse of a self-gravitating and radiating shell. Matter
constituting the shell is quantized and the construction is viewed as a
semiclassical model of possible black hole formation. It is shown that the
shell internal degrees of freedom are excited by the quantum non-adiabaticity
of the collapse and, consequently, on coupling them to a massless scalar field,
the collapsing matter emits a burst of coherent (thermal) radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97922 </DOCNO>
String cohomology of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces via Mirror Symmetry


  We propose a construction of string cohomology spaces for Calabi-Yau
hypersurfaces that arise in Batyrev's mirror symmetry construction. The spaces
are defined explicitly in terms of the corresponding reflexive polyhedra in a
mirror-symmetric manner. We draw connections with other approaches to the
string cohomology, in particular with the work of Chen and Ruan.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179525 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Distribution of J/Psi's in Pb-Pb Collisions and


  The transverse momentum dependence of J/Psi suppression in relativistic heavy
ion collisions is calculated from initial state gluon rescattering not only
with nucleons but also with prompt gluons produced in nucleon-nucleon
collisions in the early phase of the reaction. The second mechanism is new and
turns out to be important in a description of the data for central collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81280 </DOCNO>
Diquark condensation in dense SU(2) matter


  We report on a lattice study of two-color QCD with adjoint staggered fermions
at high density. We find that the model has no early onset and we report on
results for diquark condensation, from simulations with and without a diquark
source term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148710 </DOCNO>
Mind The Gap


  We discuss an optimisation criterion for the exact renormalisation group
based on the inverse effective propagator, which displays a gap. We show that a
simple extremisation of the gap stabilises the flow, leading to better
convergence of approximate solutions towards the physical theory. This improves
the reliability of truncations, most relevant for any high precision
computation. These ideas are closely linked to the removal of a spurious scheme
dependence and a minimum sensitivity condition. The issue of predictive power
and a link to the Polchinski RG are discussed as well. We illustrate our
findings by computing critical exponents for the Ising universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7441 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Negative specific heat for a cluster of 147 Sodium atoms" by


  Schmidt et al (Phys Rev Lett 86, 1191 (2001)) observe and analyze a negative
specific heat in Na clusters. The analysis is done within the framework of
Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium statistical mechanics. We argue that this is not
the only physical possibility to be taken into account. A possible connection
with nonextensive statistical mechanics is considered as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97467 </DOCNO>
Poincare Duality and Spin^c Structures for Noncommutative Manifolds


  We prove a noncompact Serre-Swan theorem characterising modules which are
sections of vector bundles not necessarily trivial at infinity. We then
identify the endomorphism algebras of the resulting modules. The endomorphism
results continue to hold for the generalisation of these modules to
noncommutative, nonunital algebras. Finally, we apply these results to not
necessarily compact noncommutative spin manifolds, proving that Poincare
Duality implies the Morita equivalence of the `algebra of functions' and the
`Clifford algebra.'

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125373 </DOCNO>
Non radial motions and the large scale structure of the Universe


  We study the effect of non-radial motions on the mass function, the VDF and
on the shape of clusters of galaxies using the model introduced in Del Popolo &
Gambera (1998a,b; 1999). The mass function of clusters, obtained using the
quoted model, is compared with the statistical data by Bahcall & Cen (1992) and
Girardi et al. (1998), while the VDF is compared with the CfA data by Zabludoff
et al. (1993) for local clusters. In both cases the model predictions are in
good agreement with the observational data showing once more how non-radial
motions can reduce many of the discrepancies between CDM model predictions and
observational data. Besides we study the effect of non-radial motions on the
intrinsic shape of clusters of galaxies showing that non-radial motions produce
clusters less elongated with respect to CDM model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149932 </DOCNO>
Superstars and Giant Gravitons in M-theory


  Following hep-th/0109127, we show that a certain class of BPS naked
singularities (superstars) found in compactifications of M-theory can be
interpreted as being composed of giant gravitons. More specifically, we study
superstars which are asymptotically AdS_7 x S^4 and AdS_4 x S^7 and show that
these field configurations can be interpreted as being sourced by continuous
distributions of spherical M2- and M5-branes, respectively, which carry
internal momenta and have expanded on the spherical component of the
space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124678 </DOCNO>
Variability in the extreme helium star LSS 5121


  We report a photometric and spectroscopic study of the hot extreme helium
star LSS 5121. We found photometric variability, but no period was evident in
its periodogram. This is consistent with the previous proposal, based on
spectral line variations, that LSS 5121 is a non-radial pulsator similar to
other hot extreme helium stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5065 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of steps on crystal surfaces


  Fluctuations of isolated and pairs of ascending steps of monoatomic height
are studied in the framework of SOS models, using mainly Monte Carlo
techniques. Below the roughening transistion of the surface, the profiles of
long steps show the same scaling features for terrace and surface diffusion.
For a pair of short steps, their separation distance is found to grow as
$t^{1/3}$ at late stages. Above roughening, simulational data on surface
diffusion agree well with the classical continuum theory of Mullins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74309 </DOCNO>
Highlights in the analysis of exclusive B decays


  I briefly describe recent developments in the theoretical analysis of non
leptonic and semileptonic B decays. For non leptonic transitions, I focus on
factorization, from the naive formulation to the most recent achievements. As
for semileptonic decays, I mainly consider B transitions to excited charmed
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40912 </DOCNO>
Muon and tau anomalies updated


  We present a new independent evaluation of the hadronic vacuum polarization
contributions a_l{had}(l.o)=(1/2)(g-2)_l{had}(l.o) to the anomalous magnetic
moment (anomaly) of the muon and tau leptons using tau-decays and e+e- data.
The alone theoretical input used for describing the high-energy region not
accessible experimentally is perturbative QCD plus (negligible) additional
effects due to the QCD vacuum condensates. We obtain: a_mu{had}(l.o)=
7020.6(75.6)10^{-11} and a_tau{had}(l.o)= 353.6(3.8)10^{-8}, which we compare
with previous determinations. Our analysis leads to the Standard Model (SM)
prediction: a_mu^{SM}=116~591~846.9(78.9)10^{-11}.Confronting a_mu^{SM} with
the recent BNL measurement leads to a_mu{new}=
a_mu{exp}-a_mu{SM}=176(170)10^{-11}. Combined with the mean existing
determinations of a_mu^{had}(l.o), this leads to the conservative range: -42 <
a_mu{new}10^{11} < 413 at 90% CL, from which we derive conservative lower
bounds on the scales of some new physics. We also update our old predictions of
the SM contributions to a_tau. Including QED to sixth order, higher order
hadronic and electroweak contributions, we obtain a_tau{SM}=117 755(7)10^{-8},
waiting for a future precise measurement of a_tau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113826 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of adiabatic invariance in spherical tokamaks


  Thermal ions in spherical tokamaks have two adiabatic invariants: the
magnetic moment and the longitudinal invariant. For hot ions, variations in
magnetic-field strength over a gyro period can become sufficiently large to
cause breakdown of the adiabatic invariance. The magnetic moment is more
sensitive to perturbations than the longitudinal invariant and there exists an
intermediate regime, super-adiabaticity, where the longitudinal invariant
remains adiabatic, but the magnetic moment does not. The motion of
super-adiabatic ions remains integrable and confinement is thus preserved.
However, above a threshold energy, the longitudinal invariant becomes
non-adiabatic too, and confinement is lost as the motion becomes chaotic. We
predict beam ions in present-day spherical tokamaks to be super-adiabatic but
fusion alphas in proposed burning-plasma spherical tokamaks to be
non-adiabatic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76883 </DOCNO>
Deuteron Structure at Small $N - N$ Distances from Inelastic $e-D$ and


  The outline of the presentation is as follows: I. Nucleon Distribution in the
Deuteron from $e-D$ and $p-D$ Processes. II. Quark Distribution in Deuteron
from its Fragmentation to Pions and Deep Inelastic $e-D$ scattering.
III.Difference of These Two Distributions and Its Possible Understanding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179434 </DOCNO>
A method of implementing Hartree-Fock calculations with zero- and


  We develop a new method of implementing the Hartree-Fock calculations. A
class of Gaussian bases is assumed, which includes the Kamimura-Gauss basis-set
as well as the set equivalent to the harmonic-oscillator basis-set. By using
the Fourier transformation to calculate the interaction matrix elements, we can
treat various interactions in a unified manner, including finite-range ones.
The present method is numerically applied to the spherically-symmetric
Hartree-Fock calculations for the oxygen isotopes with the Skyrme and the Gogny
interactions, by adopting the harmonic-oscillator, the Kamimura-Gauss and a
hybrid basis-sets. The characters of the basis-sets are discussed. Adaptable to
slowly decreasing density distribution, the Kamimura-Gauss set is suitable to
describe unstable nuclei. A hybrid basis-set of the harmonic-oscillator and the
Kamimura-Gauss ones is useful to accelerate the convergence, both for stable
and unstable nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41755 </DOCNO>
Observation of B+ -> chi_c0 K+


  Using a sample of $31.3 x 10^6 $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected with the Belle
detector at the Y(4S) resonance, we make the first observation of the charged B
meson decay to chi_c0 and a charged kaon. The measured branching fraction is
Br(B+ -> chi_c0 K+)=(6.0^{+2.1}_{-1.8}\pm1.1)x10^{-4}, where the first error is
statistical, and the second is systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81399 </DOCNO>
Quantum Chaos in Physical Systems: from Super Conductors to Quarks


  This article is the written version of a talk delivered at the Bexbach
Colloquium of Science 2000 and starts with an introduction into quantum chaos
and its relationship to classical chaos. The Bohigas-Giannoni-Schmit conjecture
is formulated and evaluated within random-matrix theory. Several examples of
physical systems exhibiting quantum chaos ranging from nuclear to solid state
physics are presented. The presentation concludes with recent research work on
quantum chromodynamics and the quark-gluon plasma. In the case of a chemical
potential the eigenvalue spectrum becomes complex and one has to deal with
non-Hermitian random-matrix theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169307 </DOCNO>
Superpositions of the Orbital Angular Momentum for Applications in


  Two different experimental techniques for preparation and analyzing
superpositions of the Gaussian and Laguerre-Gassian modes are presented. This
is done exploiting an interferometric method on the one hand and using computer
generated holograms on the other hand. It is shown that by shifting the
hologram with respect to an incoming Gaussian beam different superpositions of
the Gaussian and the Laguerre-Gaussian beam can be produced. An analytical
expression between the relative phase and the amplitudes of the modes and the
displacement of the hologram is given. The application of such orbital angular
momenta superpositions in quantum experiments such as quantum cryptography is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74683 </DOCNO>
BPS Domain Walls in super Yang-Mills and Landau-Ginzburg models


  We study domain walls in two different extensions of super Yang--Mills
characterized by the absence of a logarithmic term in their effective
superpotential. The models, defined by the usual gaugino condensate and an
extra field Y, give different patterns of domain walls despite both leading to
the same effective limit for heavy Y, i.e. the Veneziano--Yankielowicz
effective Lagrangian of super Yang--Mills. We explain the origin of those
differences and also give a physical motivation for introducing the field Y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127636 </DOCNO>
High Redshift Galaxy Clusters as Probes of Cosmology


  A few, simple and qualitative examples of the potential of galaxy clusters as
diagnostics of cosmology are presented. In relation to these we discuss briefly
three ongoing or forthcoming cluster surveys in the optical/NIR, X-rays and the
cosmic microwave radiation background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83791 </DOCNO>
Information Extraction Using the Structured Language Model


  The paper presents a data-driven approach to information extraction (viewed
as template filling) using the structured language model (SLM) as a statistical
parser. The task of template filling is cast as constrained parsing using the
SLM. The model is automatically trained from a set of sentences annotated with
frame/slot labels and spans. Training proceeds in stages: first a constrained
syntactic parser is trained such that the parses on training data meet the
specified semantic spans, then the non-terminal labels are enriched to contain
semantic information and finally a constrained syntactic+semantic parser is
trained on the parse trees resulting from the previous stage. Despite the small
amount of training data used, the model is shown to outperform the slot level
accuracy of a simple semantic grammar authored manually for the MiPad ---
personal information management --- task.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73091 </DOCNO>
Comment on: Neutrino Mass Anarchy


  Recently Hall, Murayama and Weiner (Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 2572,
[hep-ph/9911341]) claimed that neutrino oscillation data are well accounted for
by a neutrino mass matrix which appears to have random entries. Here this claim
is disputed by constructing a specific counter example. Structure in the
neutrino mass matrix is clearly preferred over random matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86873 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the BTZ


  Hawking radiation is viewed as a tunnelling process. In this way the effect
of self-gravitation gives rise to semiclassical corrections to the entropy of
the (2+1) BTZ black hole. The modified entropy, due to specific modelling of
the self-gravitation effect, of the (2+1) BTZ black hole is evaluated. To first
order in $\omega$ which is a shell of energy radiated outwards the event
horizon of the BTZ black hole, modified entropy is proportional to the horizon.
In this semiclassical analysis, corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking formula
$S_{BH}=\mathcal{A}_{H} / 4l_{P}^{2}$ are found to be negative and the
proportionality factor connecting the modified entropy, $S_{bh}$, of the (2+1)
BTZ black hole to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, $S_{BH}$, is evaluated to
first order in $\omega$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149395 </DOCNO>
Heat-Kernel Asymptotics of Locally Symmetric Spaces of Rank One and


  The asymptotic expansion of the heat kernel associated with Laplace operators
is considered for general irreducible rank one locally symmetric spaces.
Invariants of the Chern-Simons theory of irreducible U(n)- flat connections on
real compact hyperbolic 3-manifolds are derived

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124244 </DOCNO>
Recycled Pulsars Discovered at High Radio Frequency


  We present the timing parameters of nine pulsars discovered in a survey of
intermediate Galactic latitudes at 1400 MHz with the Parkes radio telescope.
Eight of these pulsars possess small pulse periods and period derivatives
thought to be indicative of ``recycling''. Six of the pulsars are in circular
binary systems, including two with relatively massive white dwarf companions.
We discuss the implications of these new systems for theories of binary
formation and evolution. One long-period pulsar (J1410-7404) has a moderately
weak magnetic field and an exceedingly narrow average pulse profile, similar to
other recycled pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83812 </DOCNO>
Interactive Timetabling


  Timetabling is a typical application of constraint programming whose task is
to allocate activities to slots in available resources respecting various
constraints like precedence and capacity. In this paper we present a basic
concept, a constraint model, and the solving algorithms for interactive
timetabling. Interactive timetabling combines automated timetabling (the
machine allocates the activities) with user interaction (the user can interfere
with the process of timetabling). Because the user can see how the timetabling
proceeds and can intervene this process, we believe that such approach is more
convenient than full automated timetabling which behaves like a black-box. The
contribution of this paper is twofold: we present a generic model to describe
timetabling (and scheduling in general) problems and we propose an interactive
algorithm for solving such problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148539 </DOCNO>
The C-Theorem and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Asymptotically Free


  We confront Cardy's suggested c-function for four-dimensional field theories
with the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetries in asymptotically free
vectorlike gauge theories with fermions transforming according to different
representations under the gauge group. Assuming that the infrared limit of the
c-function is determined by the dimension of the associated Goldstone manifold,
we find that this c-function always decreases between the ultraviolet and
infrared fixed points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7157 </DOCNO>
(1+1)-dimensional Baryons from the SU(N) Color-Flavor Transformation


  The color-flavor transformation, an identity that connects two integrals,
each of which is over one of a dual pair of Lie groups acting in the fermionic
Fock space, is extended to the case of the special unitary group. Using this
extension, a toy model of lattice QCD is studied: N_f species of spinless
fermions interacting with strongly coupled SU(N_c) lattice gauge fields in 1+1
dimensions. The color-flavor transformed theory is expressed in terms of gauge
singlets, the meson fields, organized into sectors distinguished by the
distribution of baryonic flux. A comprehensive analytical and numerical search
is made for saddle-point configurations of the meson fields, with various
topological charges, in the vacuum and single-baryon sectors. Two definitions
of the static baryon on the square lattice, straight and zigzag, are
investigated. The masses of the baryonic states are estimated using the
saddle-point approximation for large N_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77147 </DOCNO>
Heavy flavor kinetics at the hadronization transition


  We investigate the in-medium modification of the charmonium breakup processes
due to the Mott effect for light (pi, rho) and open-charm (D, D*)
quark-antiquark bound states at the chiral/deconfinement phase transition. The
Mott effect for the D-mesons effectively reduces the threshold for charmonium
breakup cross sections, which is suggested as an explanation of the anomalous
J/psi suppression phenomenon in the NA50 experiment. Further implications of
finite-temperature mesonic correlations for the hadronization of heavy flavors
in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148321 </DOCNO>
Non-abelian Brane Intersections


  We study new solutions of the low-energy equations of motion for the
non-abelian D-string. We find a "fuzzy funnel" solution consisting of a
noncommutative four-sphere geometry which expands along the length of the
D-string. We show that this funnel solution has an interpretation as D-strings
ending on a set of orthogonal D5-branes. Although not supersymmetric, the
system appears to be stable within this framework. We also give a dual
description of this configuration as a bion spike in the non-abelian world
volume theory of coincident D5-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85756 </DOCNO>
Some aspects on the observation of the gravitomagnetic clock effect


  As a consequence of gravitomagnetism, which is a fundamental weak-field
prediction of general relativity and ubiquitous in gravitational phenomena,
clocks show a difference in their proper periods when moving along identical
orbits in opposite directions about a spinning mass. This time shift is induced
by the rotation of the source and may be used to verify the existence of the
terrestrial gravitomagnetic field by means of orbiting clocks. A possible
mission scenario is outlined with emphasis given to some of the major
difficulties which inevitably arise in connection with such a venture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128716 </DOCNO>
The XMM-LSS Survey: Mapping hot, luminous, obscured and dark material


  We review the unique cosmological implications of the XMM-LSS survey in
association with its multi-WL follow-up: (1) Large Scale Structures traced by
X-ray clusters and AGNs, optical galaxies, weak lensing as well as
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect; (2) location of IR star forming galaxies and IR
(obscured) AGNs within the cosmic web. The XMM/MegaCam/VIRMOS/SIRTF data base
will provide the first comprehensive study of structure formation - from
hundreds of Mpc to galaxy scale - in close connection with environmental
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169328 </DOCNO>
Self-adjoint Time Operator is the Rule for Discrete Semibounded


  We prove explicitly that to every discrete, semibounded Hamiltonian with
constant degeneracy and with finite sum of the squares of the reciprocal of its
eigenvalues and whose eigenvectors span the entire Hilbert space there exists a
characteristic self-adjoint time operator which is canonically conjugate to the
Hamiltonian in a dense subspace of the Hilbert space. Moreover, we show that
each characteristic time operator generates an uncountable class of self-
adjoint operators canonically conjugate with the same Hamiltonian in the same
dense subspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81360 </DOCNO>
Exploration of sea quark effects in two-flavor QCD with the


  We explore sea quark effects in the light hadron mass spectrum in a
simulation of two-flavor QCD using the nonperturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson
fermion action. In order to identify finite-size effects, light meson masses
are measured on 12^3x48, 16^3x48 and 20^3x48 lattices with a~0.1 fm. On the
largest lattice, where the finite-size effect is negligible, we find a
significant increase of the strange vector meson mass compared to the quenched
approximation. We also investigate the quark mass dependence of pseudoscalar
meson masses and decay constants and test the consistency with (partially
quenched) chiral perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149325 </DOCNO>
Boundary Quantum Field Theories with Infinite Resonance States


  We extend a recent work by Mussardo and Penati on integrable quantum field
theories with a single stable particle and an infinite number of unstable
resonance states, including the presence of a boundary. The corresponding
scattering and reflection amplitudes are expressed in terms of Jacobian
elliptic functions, and generalize the ones of the massive thermal Ising model
and of the Sinh-Gordon model. In the case of the generalized Ising model we
explicitly study the ground state energy and the one-point function of the
thermal operator in the short-distance limit, finding an oscillating behaviour
related to the fact that the infinite series of boundary resonances does not
decouple from the theory even at very short-distance scales. The analysis of
the generalized Sinh-Gordon model with boundary reveals an interesting
constraint on the analytic structure of the reflection amplitude. The roaming
limit procedure which leads to the Ising model, in fact, can be consistently
performed only if we admit that the nature of the bulk spectrum uniquely fixes
the one of resonance states on the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169069 </DOCNO>
Exponential lower bound on the highest fidelity achievable by quantum


  On a class of memoryless quantum channels which includes the depolarizing
channel, the highest fidelity of quantum error-correcting codes of length n and
rate R is proven to be lower bounded by 1-exp{-nE(R)} for some function E(R).
The E(R) is positive below some threshold, which is therefore a lower bound on
the quantum capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74007 </DOCNO>
From a Thick to a Thin Supergravity Domain Wall


  Within D=4 N=1 supergravity theory we obtain an effective theory of the thin
wall limit for a flat domain wall configuration, interpolating between isolated
supersymmetric extrema of the matter potential. We focus on the Z_2 symmetric
flat wall and derive the supersymmetric effective action both in the bulk and
on the wall; in the thin wall limit the scalar field, forming the wall, is
frozen, and provides the delta function domain wall source, while its fermionic
partner decouples due to its large mass. In addition, the interaction between
the gravitational supermultiplet and the interaction of the matter multiplet
decouples on the wall. While the results are explicitly demonstrated within N=1
D=4 supergravity, we also provide a generalization of the result to
D-dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96300 </DOCNO>
Gamma function, Beta function and combinatorial identities


  In this note we present a method for obtaining a wide class of combinatorial
identities. We give several examples, in particular, based on the Gamma and
Beta functions. Some of them have already been considered by previously, and
other are new.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150177 </DOCNO>
Intersoliton forces in the Wess-Zumino model


  The spectrum of supersymmetric domain wall solitons of the Wess-Zumino model
is known to be discontinuous across a curve (of marginal stability) in the
moduli space of quartic superpotentials. Here we show how this phenomenon can
be understood from the behavior of the long-range inter-soliton force, which we
compute by a method due to Manton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127430 </DOCNO>
Dust Absorption and the Cosmic UV Flux Density


  We study the evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity density as a function of
redshift in the Hubble Deep Field North (HDF-N). We estimate the amount of
energy absorbed by dust and hidden from optical observations by analyzing the
HDF-N photometric data with the spectral energy distribution fitting method.
According to our results, at redshifts 1 < z < 4.5, the global energy observed
in the UV rest-frame at lambda=1500 A corresponds to only 7-11% of the stellar
energy output, the rest of it being absorbed by dust and re-emitted in the
far-IR. Our estimates of the comoving star formation rate density in the
universe from the extinction-corrected UV emission are consistent with the
recent results obtained with Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array
 (SCUBA) at faint sub-millimeter flux levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7194 </DOCNO>
Effect of surface anisotropy on the hysteretic properties of a magnetic


  We study the influence of surface anisotropy on the zero-temperature
hysteretic properties of a small single-domain magnetic particle, and give an
estimation of the anisotropy constant for which deviations from the
Stoner-Wohlfarth model are observed. We consider a spherical particle with
simple cubic crystalline structure, a uniaxial anisotropy for core spins and
radial anisotropy on the surface, and compute the hysteresis loop by solving
the local Landau-Lifshitz equations for classical spin vectors. We find that
when the surface anisotropy constant is at least of the order of the exchange
coupling, large deviations are observed with respect to the Stoner-Wohlfarth
model in the hysteresis loop and thereby the limit-of-metastability curve, due
to the non-uniform cluster-wise reversal of the magnetisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123680 </DOCNO>
A Ray-Tracing Model of the Vela Pulsar


  In the relativistic plasma surrounding a pulsar, a subluminal ordinary-mode
electromagnetic wave will propagate along a magnetic field line. After some
distance, it can break free of the field line and escape the magnetosphere to
reach an observer. We describe a simple model of pulsar radio emission based on
this scenario and find that applying this model to the case of the Vela pulsar
reproduces qualitative characteristics of the observed Vela pulse profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113856 </DOCNO>
Genetic information and quantum gas


  Possible explanation of the 64/20 redundancy of the triplet genetic code
based on the assumption of quantum nature of genetic information is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76251 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity of Lepton Mass Matrices: Flavor Mixing and CP Violation


  I follow a lesson learnt from Heisenberg's matrix Quantum Mechanics to study
the property of lepton flavor mixing and CP violation. I show that the
commutator of lepton mass matrices defined in vacuum keeps invariant under
terrestrial matter effects within the four-neutrino mixing scheme. A set of
model-independent sum rules for neutrino masses are obtained, and they can be
generalized to hold for an arbitrary number of neutrino families. Useful sum
rules for the rephasing-invariant measures of leptonic CP violation have also
been found. Finally I present a generic formula of T-violating asymmetries
applicable to the future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167969 </DOCNO>
Quantum information processing: A linear systems perspective


  In this paper a system-oriented formalism of Quantum Information Processing
is presented. Its form resembles that of standard signal processing, although
further complexity is added in order to describe pure quantum-mechanical
effects and operations. Examples of the application of the formalism to quantum
time evolution and quantum measurement are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76101 </DOCNO>
Parity Violating Bosonic Loops at Finite Temperature


  The finite temperature parity-violating contributions to the polarization
tensor are computed at one loop in a system without fermions. The system
studied is a Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs system in the broken phase, for which
the parity-violating terms are well known at zero temperature. At nonzero
temperature the static and long-wavelength limits of the parity violating terms
have very different structure, and involve non-analytic log terms depending on
the various mass scales. At high temperature the boson loop contribution to the
Chern-Simons term goes like T in the static limit and like T log T in the
long-wavelength limit, in contrast to the fermion loop contribution which
behaves like 1/T in the static limit and like log T/T in the long wavelength
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169027 </DOCNO>
Quantum collision states for positive charges in an octahedral cage


  One-electron energy levels are studied for a configuration of two positive
charges inside an octahedral cage, the vertices of the cage being occupied by
atoms with a partially filled shell. Although ground states correspond to large
separations, there are relatively low-lying states with large collision
probabilities. Electromagnetic radiation fields used to excite the quantum
collisional levels may provide a means to control nuclear reactions. However,
given the scale of the excitation energies involved, this mechanism cannot
provide an explanation for the unexplained ``cold fusion'' events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128316 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Galaxy Clusters observed by Chandra


  A software package able to simulate imaging observations of galaxy clusters
by the Chandra X-ray telescope is here presented. We start from high resolution
N-body hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters and assign to each gas
particle a spectrum of emissivity, after assuming the MeKaL model. We then
construct spatial images of the source differential flux which are used to
create lists of incoming X-ray photons, preserving information on photon
direction and energy. The photon lists are passed on to the Chandra simulator
(MARX) to produce the final observation events. Background events are added to
complete the simulation. Data analysis is currently in progress and simulated
observations by other telescopes will become available in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125433 </DOCNO>
Observational Evidence for Strong Disk Comptonization in GRO J1655-40


  Analysis was made of the multiple XTE/PCA data on the promised black hole
candidate with superluminal jet, GRO J1655-40, acquired during its 1996--1997
outburst. The X-ray spectra can be adequately described by the sum of an
optically thick disk spectrum and a power-law. When the estimated 1--100 keV
power-law luminosity exceeds 1E37 erg/s (assuming a distance of 3.2 kpc), the
inner disk radius and the maximum color temperature derived from a simple
accretion disk model (a multi-color disk model) vary significantly with time.
These results reconfirm the previous report by Sobczak et al. (1999). In this
strong power-law state (once called ``very high state''), the disk luminosity
decreases with temperature, in contradiction to the prediction of the standard
Shakura-Sunyaev model. In the same state, the intensity of the power-law
component correlates negatively with that of the disk component, and positively
with the power-law photon index, suggesting that the strong power-law is simply
the missing optically thick disk emission. One possible explanation for this
behavior is inverse-Compton scattering in the disk. By re-fitting the same data
incorporating a disk Comptonization, the inner radius and temperature of the
underlying disk are found to become more constant. These results provide one of
the first observational confirmations of the scenario of disk Comptonization in
the strong power-law state. This strong power-law state seems to appear when
color temperature of the disk exceeds the certain threshold, 1.2 -- 1.3 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6317 </DOCNO>
Charge current in ferromagnet-superconductor junction with pairing state


  We calculate the tunneling conductance spectra of a ferromagnetic
metal/insulator/superconductor using the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK)
formulation. Two possible states for the superconductor are considered with the
time reversal symmetry ($\cal{T}$) broken, i.e., $d_{x^2-y^2}+is$, or
$d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy}$. In both cases the tunneling conductance within the gap
is suppressed with the increase of the exchange interaction due to the
suppression of the Andreev reflection. In the $(d_{x^2-y^2}+is)$-wave case the
peaks that exist when the ferromagnet is a normal metal in the amplitude of the
s-wave component due to the bound state formation are reduced symmetrically,
with the increase of the exchange field, while in the
$(d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy})$-wave case the residual density of states within the gap
develops a dip around E=0 with the increase of the exchange field. These
results would be useful to discriminate between $\cal{T}$-broken pairing states
near the surface in high-$T_c$ superconductors

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86339 </DOCNO>
Gravitoelectromagnetism: Just a Big Word?


  Arguments are made in favor of broadening the scope of the various approaches
to splitting spacetime into a single common framework in which measured
quantities, derivative operations, and adapted coordinate systems are clearly
understood in terms of associated test observer families. This ``relativity of
splitting formalisms" for fully nonlinear gravitational theory has been tagged
with the name "gravitoelectromagnetism" because of the well known analogy
between its linearization and electromagnetism, and it allows relationships
between the various approaches to be better understood and makes it easier to
extrapolate familiarity with one approach to the others. This is important
since particular problems or particular features of those problems in
gravitational theory are better suited to different approaches, and the present
barriers between the proponents of each individual approach sometimes prevent
the best match from occurring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114225 </DOCNO>
On Thermal Sensation and Entropy


  A neurophysiological thesis is proposed for thermal sensitivity that accounts
for the disorder in physical processes that is fundamental to temperature.
There is likely some form of thermal equilibrium rapidly established between
thermoreceptors and the external environment local to those thermoreceptors
that accounts for gauging the temperature accurately within a certain range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99211 </DOCNO>
Critical points of functions, sl_2 representations, and Fuchsian


  Let a second order Fuchsian differential equation with only univalued
solutions have finite singular points at z_1, ..., z_n with exponents
(a_1,b_1), ..., (a_n,b_n). Let the exponents at infinity be (A,B). Then for
fixed generic z_1,...,z_n, the number of such Fuchsian equations is equal to
the multiplicity of the irreducible sl_2 representation of dimension |A-B| in
the tensor product of irreducible sl_2 representations of dimensions |a_1-b_1|,
>..., |a_n-b_n|.
  To show this we count the number of critical points of a suitable function
which plays the crucial role in constructions of the hypergeometric solutions
of the sl_2 KZ equation and of the Bethe vectors in the sl_2 Gaudin model. As a
byproduct of this study we conclude that the Bethe vectors form a basis in the
space of states for the sl_2 inhomogeneous Gaudin model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125368 </DOCNO>
A Solvable Model for Nonlinear Mean Field Dynamo


  We formulate a solvable model that describes generation and saturation of
mean magnetic field in a dynamo with kinetic helicity, in the limit of large
magnetic Prandtl number. This model is based on the assumption that the
stochastic part of the velocity field is Gaussian and white in time (the
Kazantsev-Kraichnan ensemble), while the regular part describing the back
reaction of the magnetic field is chosen from balancing the viscous and Lorentz
stresses in the MHD Navier-Stokes equation. The model provides an analytical
explanation for previously obtained numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168529 </DOCNO>
Entanglement degradation in continuous-variable quantum teleportation


  The influence of losses in the transmission of continuous-variable entangled
light through linear devices such as optical fibers is studied, with special
emphasis on Gaussian states. Upper bounds on entanglement and the distance to
the set of separable Gaussian states are calculated. Compared with the distance
measure, the bounds can substantially overestimate the entanglement and thus do
not show the drastic decrease of entanglement with increasing mean photon
number, as does the distance measure. In particular, it shows that losses give
rise to entanglement saturation, which principally limits the amount of
information that can be transferred quantum mechanically in continuous-variable
teleportation. Even for an initially infinitely squeezed two-mode squeezed
vacuum, high-fidelity teleportation is only possible over distances that are
much smaller than the absorption lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7187 </DOCNO>
Infinitely many states and stochastic symmetry in a Gaussian


  We study a Gaussian Potts-Hopfield model. Whereas for Ising spins and two
disorder variables per site the chaotic pair scenario is realized, we find that
for q-state Potts spins [{q(q-1} \over 2]-tuples occur. Beyond the breaking of
a continous stochastic symmetry, we study the fluctuations and obtain the
Newman-Stein metastate description for our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6018 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism and disorder: A dynamical mean-field study


  We investigate ferromagnetism in the periodic Anderson model with diagonal
disorder. Using dynamical mean-field theory in combination with the modified
perturbation theory, the disorder can be included in the calculation
consistently, which turns out to be equivalent to the CPA method. Disorder
generally reduces the Curie temperature and can for certain configurations
completely suppress ferromagnetic order. This can be ascribed to the enhanced
quasiparticle damping and the special structure of the density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41473 </DOCNO>
Study of B-->D(*)anti-D(*) decays with the BABAR detector


  Decays of the type B-->D(*)anti-D(*) can be used to provide a measurement of
the parameter sin2beta of the Unitarity Triangle that is complementary to that
derived from the mode \bpsiks. Here we report a measurement of the branching
fraction and a study of the CP parity content for the decay B^0 -->
D^{*+}D^{*-} with the BABAR detector. With data corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 20.7 fb^{-1} collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance during
1999-2000, we determine the branching fraction to be
BF(B^0-->D^{*+}D^{*-})=(8.0 +/- 1.6 (stat) +/- 1.2 (syst)) x 10^{-4}. The
measured fraction of the component with odd CP parity is 0.22 +/- 0.18(stat)
+/- 0.03(syst). Observation of a significant number of candidates in the decay
modes B^0-->D^{*+}D^- and B^+ --> D^{*+}D^{*0} is reported. All results
presented in this note are preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83656 </DOCNO>
Solving Composed First-Order Constraints from Discrete-Time Robust


  This paper deals with a problem from discrete-time robust control which
requires the solution of constraints over the reals that contain both universal
and existential quantifiers. For solving this problem we formulate it as a
program in a (fictitious) constraint logic programming language with explicit
quantifier notation. This allows us to clarify the special structure of the
problem, and to extend an algorithm for computing approximate solution sets of
first-order constraints over the reals to exploit this structure. As a result
we can deal with inputs that are clearly out of reach for current symbolic
solvers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114504 </DOCNO>
Determination of Circular Polarization of gamma-quanta with Energy > 10


  The circularly polarized gamma-quanta with energy > 10 MeV are formed during
Compton backscattering of circularly polarized laser photons on an electron
beam with energy 1.26 GeV. The contribution of nonlinear processes for planned
parameters of a laser flash[T. Okugi, Y. Kurihara and M. Chiba, Jpn. J. Appl.
Phys. 35, p. 3677 (1996).] can be rather significant, that leads to
deterioration of polarization of a resulting gamma-beam. The direct method of
measurement of gamma-beam circular polarization will allow not only to estimate
a correctness of the theoretical calculations, but also to use the obtained
information for simulation of polarization parameters of positrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169072 </DOCNO>
Narrow Spectral Feature In Resonance Fluorescence With A Single


  We describe the resonance fluorescence spectrum of an atomic three-level
system where two of the states are coupled by a single monochromatic laser
field. The influence of the third energy level, which interacts with the two
laser-coupled states only via radiative decays, is studied in detail. For a
suitable choice of parameters, this system gives rise to a very narrow
structure at the laser frequency in the fluorescence spectrum which is not
present in the spectrum of a two-level atom. We find those parameter ranges by
a numerical analysis and use the results to derive analytical expressions for
the additional narrow peak. We also derive an exact expression for the peak
intensity under the assumption that a random telegraph model is applicable to
the system. This model and a simple spring model are then used to describe the
physical origins of the additional peak. Using these results, we explain the
connection between our system, a three-level system in V-configuration where
both transitions are laser driven, and a related experiment which was recently
reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129466 </DOCNO>
What's Behind Acoustic Peaks in the Cosmic Microwave Background


  We give a brief review of the physics of acoustic oscillations in Cosmic
Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies. As an example of the impact of their
detection in cosmology, we show how the present data on CMB angular power
spectrum on sub-degree scales can be used to constrain dark energy cosmological
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149591 </DOCNO>
Toric Duality as Seiberg Duality and Brane Diamonds


  We use field theory and brane diamond techniques to demonstrate that Toric
Duality is Seiberg duality for N=1 theories with toric moduli spaces. This
resolves the puzzle concerning the physical meaning of Toric Duality as
proposed in our earlier work. Furthermore, using this strong connection we
arrive at three new phases which can not be thus far obtained by the so-called
``Inverse Algorithm'' applied to partial resolution of C^3/Z_3 x Z_3. The
standing proposals of Seiberg duality as diamond duality in the work by
Aganagic-Karch-L\"ust-Miemiec are strongly supported and new diamond
configurations for these singularities are obtained as a byproduct. We also
make some remarks about the relationships between Seiberg duality and
Picard-Lefschetz monodromy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149211 </DOCNO>
Towards Massless Higher Spin Extension of D=5, N=8 Gauged Supergravity


  The AdS_5 superalgebra PSU(2,2|4) has an infinite dimensional extension,
which we denote by hs(2,2|4). We show that the gauging of hs(2,2|4) gives rise
to a spectrum of physical massless fields which coincides with the symmetric
tensor product of two AdS_5 spin-1 doubletons (i.e. the N=4 SYM multiplets
living on the boundary of AdS_5). This product decomposes into levels
\ell=0,1,2,..,\infty of massless supermultiplets of PSU(2,2|4). In particular,
the D=5, N=8 supergravity multiplet arises at level \ell=0. In addition to a
master gauge field, we construct a master scalar field containing the s=0,1/2
fields, the anti-symmetric tensor field of the gauged supergravity and its
higher spin analogs. We define the linearized constraints and obtain the
linearized field equations of the full spectrum, including those of D=5,N=8
gauged supergravity and in particular the self-duality equations for the 2-form
potentials of the gauged supergravity (forming a 6-plet of SU(4)), and their
higher spin cousins with s=2,3,...,\infty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126940 </DOCNO>
Environmental Effects on Evolution of Cluster Galaxies in a LCDM


  We investigate environmental effects on evolution of cluster galaxies under
hierarchical structure formation scenario using combination of a
dissipationless $N$-body simulation and a semi-analytic model of galaxy
formation. The $N$-body simulation enables us to calculate orbits of galaxies
in simulated clusters. Therefore we can include stripping of cold gas from the
galactic disks by ram pressure from an ICM in our model. In this paper we
consider galaxy mergers, stripping of diffuse hot gas from galactic halos as
they infall into larger virialized objects, and ram-pressure stripping of cold
gas from galactic disks. We find that observed color and star formation
gradients in galaxy clusters are explained by the hot gas stripping as previous
work has shown. Since the hot gas stripping sufficiently suppress star
formation in clusters, the ram-pressure stripping of cold gas hardly affects
the global properties of the cluster galaxies. We also examine whether the
ram-pressure stripping can resolve the problem that the simulated clusters
contain too few galaxies with intermediate bulge-to-disk ratio under the
hierarchical galaxy formation. We, however, find that the ram-pressure
stripping gives little change in morphologies of the cluster galaxies. It
suggests that the additional processes other than major mergers and
ram-pressure stripping, which affect the morphological evolution of
disk-dominated galaxies, should be considered to reproduce the observed
intermediate population in clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97124 </DOCNO>
Gromov-Witten invariants of symplectic quotients and adiabatic limits


  We study pseudoholomorphic curves in symplectic quotients as adiabatic limits
of solutions of a system of nonlinear first order elliptic partial differential
equations in the ambient symplectic manifold. The symplectic manifold carries a
Hamiltonian group action. The equations involve the Cauchy-Riemann operator
over a Riemann surface, twisted by a connection, and couple the curvature of
the connection with the moment map. Our main theorem asserts that the genus
zero invariants of Hamiltonian group actions defined by these equations are
related to the genus zero Gromov--Witten invariants of the symplectic quotient
(in the monotone case) via a natural ring homomorphism from the equivariant
cohomology of the ambient space to the quantum cohomology of the quotient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73417 </DOCNO>
Inflation with Low Reheat Temperature and Cosmological Constraint on


  Abundance of stable charged massive particles (CHAMPs) is severely
constrained by their searches inside sea water. We examine whether inflation
with low reheat temperature can sufficiently dilute the abundance to evade this
severe bound on CHAMPs, by taking into account their production and
annihilation in a plasma during reheating phase. We argue that the abundance of
the CHAMPs with mass less than 1 TeV will exceed the experimental bound, ruling
out these CHAMPs, especially the possibility of the superpartner of tau lepton
as the stable lightest superparticle. On the other hand, it is found that the
CHAMP much heavier than 1 TeV can survive the bound, if the reheat temperature
is low enough.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83564 </DOCNO>
Chaos for Stream Cipher


  This paper discusses mixing of chaotic systems as a dependable method for
secure communication. Distribution of the entropy function for steady state as
well as plaintext input sequences are analyzed. It is shown that the mixing of
chaotic sequences results in a sequence that does not have any state dependence
on the information encrypted by them. The generated output states of such a
cipher approach the theoretical maximum for both complexity measures and cycle
length. These features are then compared with some popular ciphers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41090 </DOCNO>
Latest Jet Results from the Tevatron or, QCD: Approaching True Precision


  This article summarizes several analyses I discussed at Moriond and I attempt
to maintain my speaking voice throughout. I extract several broad themes in the
recent development of QCD,and emphasize how the latest results on jet physics
reinforce these themes: that QCD is in a transitional stage from providing
qualitative descriptions to providing true quantitative descriptions of the
results. Certain figures presented in the talk are not reproduced here in the
interest of space, but can be found directly in the transparencies available
online, or in the references to the refereed journals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113582 </DOCNO>
The ideal trefoil knot


  The most tight conformation of the trefoil knot found by the SONO algorithm
is presented. Structure of the set of its self-contact points is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86347 </DOCNO>
Pure Quantum Solutions of Bohmian Quantum Gravity


  In this paper we have investigated the pure quantum solutions of Bohmian
quantum gravity. By pure quantum solution we mean a solution in which the
quantum potential cannot be ignored with respect to the classical potential,
especially in Bohmian quantum gravity we are interested in the case where these
two potentials are equal in their magnitude and in fact their sum is zero. Such
a solutions are obtained both using the perturbation and using the linear field
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85696 </DOCNO>
New Operators for Spin Net Gravity: Definitions and Consequences


  Two operators for quantum gravity, angle and quasilocal energy, are briefly
reviewed. The requirements to model semi-classical angles are discussed. To
model semi-classical angles it is shown that the internal spins of the vertex
must be very large, ~10^20.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124982 </DOCNO>
A model for the optical high state light curve of AM Herculis


  We present a simple quantitative model that can describe the photometric B
and V band light curves of AM Herculis obtained during a high state. The
double-humped shape of the V band light curve is dominated by cyclotron
emission from a region at the main accreting pole with an area of ~5x10e16 cm^2
and sustaining an inflow of ~0.06 g/cm^2/s. The almost unmodulated B band is
dominated by emission from the accretion stream. The contribution of the heated
white dwarf to the optical emission is small in the B band, but comparable to
that of the accretion stream in the V band. The emission of the secondary star
is negligible both in B and in V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97710 </DOCNO>
Classification of stable model categories


  A stable model category is a setting for homotopy theory where the suspension
functor is invertible. The prototypical examples are the category of spectra in
the sense of stable homotopy theory and the category of unbounded chain
complexes of modules over a ring. In this paper we develop methods for deciding
when two stable model categories represent `the same homotopy theory'. We show
that stable model categories with a single compact generator are equivalent to
modules over a ring spectrum. More generally stable model categories with a set
of generators are characterized as modules over a `ring spectrum with several
objects', i.e., as spectrum valued diagram categories. We also prove a Morita
theorem which shows how equivalences between module categories over ring
spectra can be realized by smashing with a pair of bimodules. Finally, we
characterize stable model categories which represent the derived category of a
ring. This is a slight generalization of Rickard's work on derived equivalent
rings. We also include a proof of the model category equivalence of modules
over the Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectrum HR and (unbounded) chain complexes of
R-modules for a ring R.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86698 </DOCNO>
Branes for Relativists


  Recently, branes in supergravity have become an indispensable tool even for
traditional relativists. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a
pedagogical account of the brane technology so that the relativists can use
branes in their study. The type IIA supergravity theory is mainly discussed and
other cases are briefly mentioned. The repulson singularity is also explained
as an interesting application.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4559 </DOCNO>
Classical and ab initio molecular dynamic simulation of an amorphous


  We present the results of a classical molecular dynamic simulation as well as
of an ab initio molecular dynamic simulation of an amorphous silica surface. In
the case of the classical simulation we use the potential proposed by van Beest
et al. (BKS) whereas the ab initio simulation is done with a Car-Parrinello
method (CPMD). We find that the surfaces generated by BKS have a higher
concentration of defects (e.g. concentration of two-membered rings) than those
generated with CPMD. In addition also the distribution functions of the angles
and of the distances are different for the short rings. Hence we conclude that
whereas the BKS potential is able to reproduce correctly the surface on the
length scale beyond approx 5 Angstroems, it is necessary to use an ab initio
method to predict reliably the structure at small scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4979 </DOCNO>
Separation of dissipation from diffusion


  We study velocity correlations induced by diffusion and dissipation in a
simple dissipative dynamical system. We observe that diffusion, as a result of
time reversible microscopic processes, leads to correlations with different
spatial parity from those caused by dissipation, consisting of time
irreversible microscopic processes. The velocity correlations observed conflict
with the ``molecular chaos'' assumption of the Boltzmann equation. To account
for the apparent correlation structures in our simple model system, we propose
that they indicate geometric distortion of the phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96654 </DOCNO>
A rational noncommutative invariant of boundary links


  This edition includes two more examples. We construct an invariant of
boundary links which is at least as strong as the Kontsevich integral,
determines the S-equivalence class of a boundary link and which takes values in
a space of trivalent graphs whose edges are decorated by rational functions in
noncommuting variables. Our invariant is axiomatically characterized by a
universal property closely related to the Homology Surgery view of boundary
links, and comes equipped with a diagrammatic integration theory, in the spirit
of perturbative quantum field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81215 </DOCNO>
Novel Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithms for Fermions


  Recent research shows that the partition function for a class of models
involving fermions can be written as a statistical mechanics of clusters with
positive definite weights. This new representation of the model allows one to
construct novel algorithms. We illustrate this through models consisting of
fermions with and without spin. A Hubbard type model with both attractive and
repulsive interactions becomes tractable using the new approach. Precision
results in the two dimensional attractive model confirm a superfluid phase
transition in the Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96609 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Dynamical Invariants


  We address the problem of identifying the (nonstationary) quantum systems
that admit supersymmetric dynamical invariants. In particular, we give a
general expression for the bosonic and fermionic partner Hamiltonians. Due to
the supersymmetric nature of the dynamical invariant the solutions of the
time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation for the partner Hamiltonians can be
easily mapped to one another. We use this observation to obtain a class of
exactly solvable time-dependent Schr\"odinger equations. As applications of our
method, we construct classes of exactly solvable time-dependent generalized
harmonic oscillators and spin Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124483 </DOCNO>
The Radio and Gamma-Ray Luminosities of Blazars


  Based on the $\gamma$-ray data of blazars in the third EGRET catalog and
radio data at 5 GHz, we studied the correlation between the radio and
$\gamma$-ray luminosities using two statistical methods. The first method was
the partial correlation analysis method, which indicates that there exist
correlations between the radio and $\gamma$-ray luminosities in both high and
low states as well as in the average case.
  The second method involved a comparison of expected $\gamma$-ray luminosity
distribution with the observed data using the Kolmogorov--
  Smirnov (KS) test. In the second method, we assumed that there is a
correlation between the radio and $\gamma$-ray luminosities and that the
$\gamma$-ray luminosity function is proportional to the radio luminosity
function. The KS test indicates that the expected gamma-ray luminosity
distributions are consistent with the observed data in a reasonable parameter
range. Finally, we used different $\gamma$-ray luminosity functions to estimate
the possible 'observed'
  $\gamma$-ray luminosity distributions by GLAST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72418 </DOCNO>
Vacuum polarization effects in hyperon rich dense matter -- a


  We derive the equation of state (EOS) for electrically charge neutral dense
matter using Quantum Hadrodynamics (QHD) model. This is carried out in a
nonperturbative manner including quantum corrections for baryons through a
realignment of vacuum with baryon-antibaryon condensates. This yields the
results of relativistic Hartree approximation of summing over baryonic tadpole
diagrams. The quantum corrections from the scalar meson is also taken into
account in a similar way. This leads to a softening of the equation of state
for the hyperonic matter. The formalism also allows us to do a self consistent
calculation of the in-medium sigma meson mass. The effects of such quantum
corrections on the composition of charge neutral dense matter is considered.
The effect of the resulting EOS on the structure of the neutron stars is also
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126852 </DOCNO>
Far-UV Observations of the Galactic Supersoft Binary RXJ0019.8+2156 (QR


  FUSE spectra were obtained of the supersoft X-ray binary RX J0019.8+2156 (QR
And) during 16 consecutive spacecraft orbits, covering the binary orbit
(P=15.85 hr) with about 0.2 phase overlap. The spectrum is dominated by strong
H2 absorption (column density ~10**20 g/cm**2), which appears at a radial
velocity different from other interstellar absorption lines and may be
partially circumbinary. This absorption makes study of spectral features from
the binary system difficult. The only well-detected emission lines are He II,
1085A, and O VI, 1032A, (the other line of the O VI doublet, 1037A, is largely
obscured by strong H2 absorption). The O VI shows a P Cygni profile that varies
in velocity and strength with binary phase. We compare this with similar
changes seen in Balmer line profiles. We extract the FUV light curve and
compare it with the optical light curve. There is an eclipse in both wavelength
regions, but the FUV minimum lasts much longer, well beyond the visible light
egress. The FUV results are discussed in connection with the binary model and
mass flows within the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97485 </DOCNO>
Quantization as a functor


  Notwithstanding known obstructions to this idea, we formulate an attempt to
turn quantization into a functorial procedure. We define a category PO of
Poisson manifolds, whose objects are integrable Poisson manifolds and whose
arrows are isomorphism classes of regular Weinstein dual pairs; it follows that
identity arrows are symplectic groupoids, and that two objects are isomorphic
in PO iff they are Morita equivalent in the sense of P. Xu. It has a
subcategory LPO that has duals of integrable Lie algebroids as objects and
cotangent bundles as arrows. We argue that naive C*-algebraic quantization
should be functorial from LPO to the well-known category KK, whose objects are
separable C*-algebras and whose arrows are Kasparov's KK-groups. This limited
functoriality of quantization would already imply the Atiyah-Singer index
theorem, as well as its far-reaching generalizations developed by Connes and
others. In the category KK, isomorphism of objects implies isomorphism of
K-theory groups, so that the functoriality of quantization on all of PO would
imply that Morita equivalent Poisson algebras are quantized by C*-algebras with
isomorphic K-theories. Finally, we argue that the correct codomain for the
possible functoriality of quantization is the category RKK(I), which takes the
deformation aspect of quantization into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2364 </DOCNO>
Faraday rotation spectra of bismuth-substituted ferrite garnet films


  Single crystalline films of bismuth-substituted ferrite garnets have been
synthesized by the liquid phase epitaxy method where GGG substrates are dipped
into the flux. The growth parameters are controlled to obtain films with
in-plane magnetization and virtually no domain activity, which makes them
excellently suited for magnetooptic imaging. The Faraday rotation spectra were
measured across the visible range of wavelengths. To interprete the spectra we
present a simple model based on the existence of two optical transitions of
diamagnetic character, one tetrahedral and one octahedral. We find excellent
agreement between the model and our experimental results for photon energies
between 1.77 and 2.53 eV, corresponding to wavelengths between 700 and 490 nm.
It is shown that the Faraday rotation changes significantly with the amount of
substituted gallium and bismuth. Furthermore, the experimental results suggest
that the magnetooptic response changes linearly with the bismuth substitution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169372 </DOCNO>
Generating and probing a two-photon Fock state with a single atom in a


  A two-photon Fock state is prepared in a cavity sustaining a "source mode "
and a "target mode", with a single circular Rydberg atom. In a third-order
Raman process, the atom emits a photon in the target while scattering one
photon from the source into the target. The final two-photon state is probed by
measuring by Ramsey interferometry the cavity light shifts induced by the
target field on the same atom. Extensions to other multi-photon processes and
to a new type of micromaser are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125900 </DOCNO>
Star Formation, Supernovae Feedback and the Angular Momentum Problem in


  We present a smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) simulation that reproduces
a galaxy that is a moderate facsimile of those observed. The primary failing
point of previous simulations of disk formation, namely excessive transport of
angular momentum from gas to dark matter, is ameliorated by the inclusion of a
supernova feedback algorithm that allows energy to persist in the model ISM for
a period corresponding to the lifetime of stellar associations. The inclusion
of feedback leads to a disk at a redshift $z=0.52$, with a specific angular
momentum content within 10% of the value required to fit observations. An
exponential fit to the disk baryon surface density gives a scale length within
17% of the theoretical value. Runs without feedback, with or without star
formation, exhibit the drastic angular momentum transport observed elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125690 </DOCNO>
Cosmology from Cosmic Microwave Background and Galaxy Clusters


  We present the results of analysis of constraints on cosmological parameters
from cosmic microwave background (CMB) alone and in combination with galaxy
cluster baryon fraction assuming inflation--generated adiabatic scalar
fluctuations. The CMB constraints are obtained using our likelihood
approximation method (Bartlett et al., 2000, Douspis et al., 2001). In the
present analysis we use the new data coming from MAXIMA and BOOMERanG balloon
borne experiments, the first results of the DASI interferometer together with
the COBE/DMR data. The quality of these independent data sets implies that the
$C_\ell$ are rather well known, and allow reliable constraints. We found that
the constraints in the $\Omega-H_0$ plane are very tightened, favouring a flat
Universe, that the index of the primordial fluctuations is very close to one,
that the primordial baryon density is now in good agreement with primordial
nucleosynthesis. Nevertheless degeneracies between several parameters still
exist, and for instance the constraint on the cosmological constant or the
Hubble constant are very weak, preferred values being low. A way to break these
degeneracies is to ``cross-constrain'' the parameters by combining with
constraints from other independent data. We use the baryon fraction
determination from X-ray clusters of galaxies as an additional constraint and
show that the combined analysis leads to strong constraints on all cosmological
parameters. Using a high baryon fraction ($\sim 15%$ for $h = 0.5$) we found a
rather low Hubble constant, values around 80 km/s/Mpc being ruled out. Using a
recent and low baryon fraction estimation ($\sim 10%$ for $h = 0.5$) we found a
preferred model with a low Hubble constant and a high density content
($\Omega_m$), an Einstein--de Sitter model being only weakly ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7171 </DOCNO>
Information and Computation: Classical and Quantum Aspects


  Quantum theory has found a new field of applications in the realm of
information and computation during the recent years. This paper reviews how
quantum physics allows information coding in classically unexpected and subtle
nonlocal ways, as well as information processing with an efficiency largely
surpassing that of the present and foreseeable classical computers. Some
outstanding aspects of classical and quantum information theory will be
addressed here. Quantum teleportation, dense coding, and quantum cryptography
are discussed as a few samples of the impact of quanta in the transmission of
information. Quantum logic gates and quantum algorithms are also discussed as
instances of the improvement in information processing by a quantum computer.
We provide finally some examples of current experimental realizations for
quantum computers and future prospects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127667 </DOCNO>
Envelope tomography of long-period variable stars III. Line-doubling


  This paper presents statistics of the line-doubling phenomenon in a sample of
81 long-period variable (LPV) stars of various periods, spectral types and
brightness ranges. When correlated with a mask mimicking a K0III spectrum, 54%
of the sample stars clearly showed a double-peaked cross-correlation profile
around maximum light, reflecting double absorption lines. Several pieces of
evidence are presented that point towards the double absorption lines as being
caused by the propagation of a shock wave through the photosphere. The
observation of the Balmer lines appearing in emission around maximum light in
these stars corroborates the presence of a shock wave. The observed velocity
discontinuities, ranging between 10 and 25 km/s, are not correlated with the
brightness ranges. A comparison with the center-of-mass (COM) velocity obtained
from submm CO lines originating in the circumstellar envelope reveals that the
median velocity between the red and blue peaks is blueshifted with respect to
the COM velocity, as expected if the shock moves upwards.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126184 </DOCNO>
Mean Square Radius of EAS Electrons


  Detailed theoretical study of the mean square radius of extensive air shower
electrons has been made in connection with further development of scaling
formalism for electron lateral distribution function. A very simple
approximation formula, which allows joint description of all our results
obtained in wide primary energy range and for different observation depths is
presented. The sensitivity of the mean square radius to variations of basic
parameters of hadronic interaction model is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73624 </DOCNO>
One-loop corrections to the chargino and neutralino mass matrices in the


  We present a consistent procedure for the calculation of the one-loop
corrections to the charginos and neutralinos by using their on-shell mass
matrices. The on-shell gaugino mass parameters M and M', and the Higgsino mass
parameter \mu are defined by the elements of these on-shell mass matrices. The
on-shell mass matrices are different by finite one-loop corrections from the
tree-level ones given in terms of the on-shell parameters. When the on-shell M
and \mu are determined by the chargino sector, the neutralino masses receive
corrections up to 4%. This must be taken into account in precision measurements
at future e^+ e^- linear colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41241 </DOCNO>
Inclusive Rare B Decays


  We review the present status of rare B decays, focusing on inclusive decay
modes and their role in our search for new physics. We also briefly discuss
direct CP violation in rare B decays and the rare kaon decays $K^+\to
\pi^+\nu\bar{\nu}$ and $K_L \to \pi^0 \nu \bar{\nu}$, which offer complementary
opportunities for precision flavour physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86552 </DOCNO>
Free Fall of a Cylindrical Mass Electrically Charged Bodies


  The gravitational Poynting vector provides a mechanism for the transfer of
gravitational energy to a system of falling objects. In the following we will
show that the gravitational poynting vector together with the electromagnetic
Poynting vector provides a mechanism to explain how massive electrically
charged bodies acquire kinetic energy during a free fall. We will demontrate
that falling electrically charged masses violate the Galilean law of universal
free fall. An experiment is suggested to confirm or not the predicted
phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3171 </DOCNO>
Symmetries and Decoherence of Two-Component Confined Atomic Clouds:


  Implications of the internal symmetries on the dynamics of the trapped
two-component atomic vapors are discussed. In the cases of $^{87}$Rb (bosons)
as well as of $^{40}$K (fermions) trapped in the two hyperfine states, the
intrinsic $su(2)$ symmetry can be realized with a very good precision. Such a
symmetry protects the global operators, which are the generators of the
symmetry, from any decoherence. The case of boson-fermion mixture is discussed
as well. The role of external factors, breaking the symmetry, in inducing the
decoherence of the global operators is considered. It is shown that, the loss
of the correlations is not faster than the rates of the induced heating or
losses, provided the noise is characterized by short correlation length. The
case of the extrinsic long-ranged fluctuations is also considered. Intrinsic
mechanisms of decoherence of the correlators of the condensate operators of the
two-component condensate are analyzed. The atomic echo is discussed as a test
for the reversibility of the phase diffusion effect. The intensity and the
profile of the multiple echo are calculated numerically as well as
analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7093 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Tests of SLE Predictions for the 2D Self-Avoiding Walk


  The conjecture that the scaling limit of the two-dimensional self-avoiding
walk (SAW) in a half plane is given by the stochastic Loewner evolution (SLE)
with $\kappa=8/3$ leads to explicit predictions about the SAW. A remarkable
feature of these predictions is that they yield not just critical exponents,
but probability distributions for certain random variables associated with the
self-avoiding walk. We test two of these predictions with Monte Carlo
simulations and find excellent agreement, thus providing numerical support to
the conjecture that the scaling limit of the SAW is SLE$_{8/3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87075 </DOCNO>
Action, Mass and Entropy of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes and the


  We investigate a recent proposal for defining a conserved mass in
asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes that is based on a conjectured holographic
duality between such spacetimes and Euclidean conformal field theory. We show
that an algorithm for deriving such terms in asymptotically anti de Sitter
spacetimes has an asymptotically de Sitter counterpart, and derive the explicit
form for such terms up to 9 dimensions. We show that divergences of the
on-shell action for de Sitter spacetime are removed in any dimension in
inflationary coordinates, but in covering coordinates a linear divergence
remains in odd dimensions that cannot be cancelled by local terms that are
polynomial in boundary curvature invariants. We show that the class of
Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes up to 9 dimensions has finite action and
conserved mass, and construct a definition of entropy outside the cosmological
horizon by generalizing the Gibbs-Duhem relation in asymptotically dS
spacetimes. The entropy is agreement with that obtained from CFT methods in
$d=2$. In general our results provide further supporting evidence for a dS/CFT
correspondence, although some important interpretive problems remain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148742 </DOCNO>
Nested braneworlds and strong brane gravity


  We find the gravitational field of a `nested' domain wall living entirely
within a brane-universe, or, a localised vortex within a wall. For a vortex
living on a critical Randall-Sundrum brane universe, we show that the induced
gravitational field on the brane is identical to that of an (n-1)-dimensional
vacuum domain wall. We also describe how to set-up a nested Randall-Sundrum
scenario using a flat critical vortex living on a subcritical (adS) brane
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127592 </DOCNO>
Secular and orbital variability of Cir X-1 observed in optical spectra


  We have observed variations in the optical emission lines from the X-ray
binary Circinus X-1. These variations may be attributed both to orbital
variations and to long term secular changes in line strength. We have detected
double-peaked H-alpha emission lines on two occasions, providing the first
direct evidence for an accretion disk in the system. The separation of the
peaks was different on the two occasions, suggesting that the disk might have a
different size. The equivalent width of the emission lines dropped by more than
a factor of three between 1999 and 2000; this continues the trend seen in
earlier data, so that the H-alpha equivalent width has now declined by a factor
of twenty since 1976. The emission lines do not appear to show signature of
orbital motion, except for the data taken near phase 0, which show a
significant velocity shift.
  We have observed an absorption component to the He I lines on one occasion.
We suggest that, unlike the P Cygni profiles seen in X-ray spectra, this
absorption does not arise in the accelerating zone of a radiatively driven
wind. Instead, the absorption arises in material previously ejected from the
system. It was only seen on this one occasion because the strength of the
emission line had dropped dramatically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169490 </DOCNO>
Multiple return times in the quantum baker map


  For chaotic classical systems, the distribution of return times to a small
region of phase space is universal. We propose a simple tool to investigate
multiple returns in quantum systems. Numerical evidence for the baker map and
kicked top points, also in the quantum case, at a universal distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86894 </DOCNO>
What are the equations of motion of classical physics?


  Action at a distance in Newtonian physics is replaced by finite propagation
speeds in classical physics, the physics defined by the field theories of
Maxwell and Einstein. As a result, the differential equations of motion in
Newtonian physics are replaced in classical physics by functional differential
equations, where the delay associated with the finite propagation speed (the
speed of light) is taken into account. Newtonian equations of motion, with
post-Newtonian corrections, are often used to approximate the functional
differential equations of motion. Some mathematical issues related to the
problem of extracting the ``correct'' approximate Newtonian equations of motion
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98523 </DOCNO>
Y-systems and generalized associahedra


  We prove, for an arbitrary finite root system, the periodicity conjecture of
Al.B.Zamolodchikov concerning Y-systems, a particular class of functional
relations arising in the theory of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. Algebraically,
Y-systems can be viewed as families of rational functions defined by certain
birational recurrences formulated in terms of the underlying root system. In
the course of proving periodicity, we obtain explicit formulas for all these
rational functions, which turn out to always be Laurent polynomials.
  In a closely related development, we introduce and study a family of
simplicial complexes that can be associated to arbitrary root systems. In type
A, our construction produces Stasheff's associahedron, whereas in type B, it
gives the Bott-Taubes polytope, or cyclohedron. We enumerate the faces of these
complexes, prove that their geometric realization is always a sphere, and
describe them in concrete combinatorial terms for the classical types ABCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1254 </DOCNO>
The Droplet State and the Compressibility Anomaly in Dilute 2D Electron


  We investigate the space distribution of carrier density and the
compressibility of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems by using the local
density approximation. The strong correlation is simulated by the local
exchange and correlation energies. A slowly varied disorder potential is
applied to simulate the disorder effect. We show that the compressibility
anomaly observed in 2D systems which accompanies the metal-insulator transition
can be attributed to the formation of the droplet state due to disorder effect
at low carrier densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128840 </DOCNO>
Parallel Science with Astero-seismology missions


  Eddington, COROT, MONS, KEPLER, and the other asteroseismology and planet
finding missions, obtain extremely high photometric quality time-series data as
their primary purpose. Similar quality data are potentially, and in some
designs actually, being obtained for very many other sources in the telescope
field of view, in addition to the primary mission targets. These parallel data,
of exceptional quality and broad scientific interest, can be made available for
scientific analysis with small system impact. This paper lists some of the most
obvious of the serendipitous research and discovery opportunities which these
parallel data will allow. The scientific potential is both large and unique,
encouraging efforts to provide these data to the community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128088 </DOCNO>
The Zeta Herculis binary system revisited. Calibration and seismology


  We have revisited the calibration of the visual binary system Zeta Herculis
with the goal to give the seismological properties of the G0 IV sub-giant Zeta
Her A. We have used the most recent physical and observational data. For the
age we have obtained 3387 Myr, for the masses respectively 1.45 and 0.98 solar
mass, for the initial helium mass fraction 0.243, for the initial mass ratio of
heavy elements to hydrogen 0.0269 and for the mixing-length parameters
respectively 0.92 and 0.90 using the Canuto & Mazitelli (1991, 1992) convection
theory. Our results do not exclude that Zeta Her A is itself a binary
sub-system; the mass of the hypothetical unseen companion would be smaller than
0.05 solar mass. The adiabatic oscillation spectrum of Zeta Her A is found to
be a complicated superposition of acoustic and gravity modes; some of them have
a dual character. This greatly complicates the classification of the non-radial
modes. The echelle diagram used by the observers to extract the frequencies
will work for ell=0, 2, 3. The large difference is found to be of the order of
42 mu Hz, in agreement with the Martic et al. (2001) seismic observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86179 </DOCNO>
Post-Newtonian Computation of Binary Inspiral Waveforms


  Contents: I. Introduction; II. Summary of optimal signal filtering; III.
Newtonian binary polarization waveforms; IV. Newtonian orbital phase evolution;
V. Post-Newtonian wave-generation; VI. Inspiral binary waveform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127001 </DOCNO>
X-Ray spectra from accretion disks illuminated by protons


  The X-ray spectrum from a cool accretion disk heated by virialized protons is
computed. The cool disk is either embedded in a magnetically heated accretion
disk corona or partly extends into an ion supported torus (or ADAF). We
calculate the stationary equilibrium between proton heating, electron thermal
conduction and the radiative losses by bremsstrahlung and Compton scattering. A
heated surface layer on top of the accretion disk is produced with temperatures
between 60--90 keV above a cool layer with temperatures of 0.01 keV (AGN) and
1keV (galactic black hole candidates). The spectra produced by the surface
layer are reminiscent of hard state spectra, but a bit too steep, especially
for AGN's. Near the inner edge of the disk, where the optical depth of the disk
$\tau lesssim 1$, we find that the cool component of the disk disappears.
Instead, the hot protons from the corona/ADAF heat the disk, on a dynamical
time-scale, to temperatures of several 100 keV, limited by pair production.
This region, here called a `warm disk', could contribute significantly to the
hard X-ray spectra and could be important for feeding material into an ADAF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6324 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanical Description of A Quasi-Sratic Process and An


  A quasi-static process is realized in a purely quantum-mechanical model which
is described by oscillator (or particle) systems having relative-phase
interactions. Time development of a mixture of two oscillator (or particle)
systems which have different temperatures is investigated in the quantum
mechanical framework. We study how they go to a thermal equilibrium. Time
dependence of the temperature of the object is numerically studied and the
difference of the time dependence between classical objects and quantum objects
is clearly pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174697 </DOCNO>
New Insight into Antiproton Production and Reabsorption Using


  Antiproton ($\bar{p}$) yields are presented for proton-nucleus collisions,
with targets Be, Cu, and Au, at beam momenta of 12.3 and 17.5 GeV/c. In
addition to target size and beam momentum, the number of projectile collisions
$\nu$, as derived from the number of ``grey'' tracks (slow protons and
deuterons), is used to disentangle the $\bar{p}$ reabsorption from the
production. By quantifying the amount of reabsorption of the $\bar{p}$ within
the nucleus as a function of $\nu$, the annihilation within the nucleus is
estimated and compared to the free annihilation cross section. Preliminary
results on antilambda ($\bar{\Lambda}$) production as a function of $\nu$ are
also presented for comparison.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40953 </DOCNO>
Ratios of charged antiparticles to particles near mid-rapidity in Au+Au


  We have measured the ratios of antiparticles to particles for charged pions,
kaons and protons near mid-rapidity in central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) =
130 GeV. For protons, we observe pbar/p = 0.60 +/- 0.04 (stat.) +/- 0.06
(syst.) in the transverse momentum range 0.15 < p_T < 1.0 GeV/c. This leads to
an estimate of the baryo-chemical potential mu_B of 45 MeV, a factor of 5-6
smaller than in central Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 17.2 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96915 </DOCNO>
Uniformity in the Mordell-Lang conjecture


  We note that Pillay's result on the stability of an algebraically closed
field with a predicate for a group of Lang type implies that number uniformity
follows formally from the finiteness results analogous to Faltings' Theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5326 </DOCNO>
Characterizing the structure of small-world networks


  We give exact relations which are valid for small-world networks (SWN's) with
a general `degree distribution', i.e the distribution of nearest-neighbor
connections. For the original SWN model, we illustrate how these exact
relations can be used to obtain approximations for the corresponding basic
probability distribution. In the limit of large system sizes and small
disorder, we use numerical studies to obtain a functional fit for this
distribution. Finally, we obtain the scaling properties for the mean-square
displacement of a random walker, which are determined by the scaling behavior
of the underlying SWN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 971 </DOCNO>
Excess number of percolation clusters on the surface of a sphere


  Monte Carlo simulations were performed in order to determine the excess
number of clusters b and the average density of clusters n_c for the
two-dimensional "Swiss cheese" continuum percolation model on a planar L x L
system and on the surface of a sphere. The excess number of clusters for the L
x L system was confirmed to be a universal quantity with a value b = 0.8841 as
previously predicted and verified only for lattice percolation. The excess
number of clusters on the surface of a sphere was found to have the value b =
1.215(1) for discs with the same coverage as the flat critical system. Finally,
the average critical density of clusters was calculated for continuum systems
n_c = 0.0408(1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 729 </DOCNO>
Flux Jumping and a Bulk-to-Granular Transition in the Magnetization of a


  The recent discovery of intermediate-temperature superconductivity (ITC) in
MgB2 by Akimitsu et al. and its almost simultaneous explanation in terms of a
hole-carrier-based pairing mechanism by Hirsch, has triggered an avalanche of
studies of its structural, magnetic and transport properties. As a further
contribution to the field we report the results of field (H) and temperature
(T) dependent magnetization (M) measurements of a pellet of uniform,
large-grain sintered MgB2. We show that at low temperatures the size of the
pellet and its critical current density, Jc(H) - i.e. its M(H) - ensure low
field flux jumping, which of course ceases when M(H) drops below a critical
value. With further increase of H and T the individual grains decouple and the
M(H) loops drop to lower lying branches, unresolved in the usual full M(H)
representation. After taking into account the sample size and grain size,
respectively, the bulk sample and the grains were deduced to exhibit the same
magnetically determined Jc s (e.g. 105 A/cm2, 20 K, 0T) and hence that for each
temperature of measurement Jc(H) decreased monotonically with H over the entire
field range, except for a gap within the grain-decoupling zone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4367 </DOCNO>
Nucleation in Systems with Elastic Forces


  Systems with long-range interactions when quenced into a metastable state
near the pseudo-spinodal exhibit nucleation processes that are quite different
from the classical nucleation seen near the coexistence curve. In systems with
long-range elastic forces the description of the nucleation process can be
quite subtle due to the presence of bulk/interface elastic compatibility
constraints. We analyze the nucleation process in a simple 2d model with
elastic forces and show that the nucleation process generates critical droplets
with a different structure than the stable phase. This has implications for
nucleation in many crystal-crystal transitions and the structure of the final
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2703 </DOCNO>
Screening ineffectiveness and THz emission at bare LO phonon frequencies


  Within a hydrodynamic approach we investigate the dynamics of an
inhomogeneous electron-hole gas coupled to phonons in Te and the corresponding
THz emission. We find that the {\em longitudinal} {\em % inhomogeneity} of the
photogenerated electron-hole gas -- due to short absorption lengths in Te --
gives rise to {\em screening ineffectiveness} for non-zero wave-vector modes.
This allows for THz dynamics and emission at the bare LO phonon frequency $\nu
_{LO}$ even at high carrier densities. Screening ineffectiveness thus provides
an appealingly simple explanation for the existence of bare modes at $\nu
_{LO}$ in longitudinally inhomogeneous systems such as Te; no lateral
inhomogeneity of the excitation spot is needed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40744 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the nature of the $\phi\to\gamma\pi\eta$ and


  We study interference patterns in the $\phi\to(\gamma
a_0+\pi^0\rho)\to\gamma\pi\eta$ and $\phi\to(\gamma f_0+\pi^0\rho)\to\gamma
\pi^0\pi^0$ reactions. Taking into account the interference, we fit the
experimental data and show that the background reaction does not distort the
$\pi^0\eta$ spectrum in the decay $\phi\to\gamma\pi\eta$ everywhere over the
energy region and does not distort the $\pi^0\pi^0$ spectrum in the decay
$\phi\to\gamma\pi^0\pi^0$ in the wide region of the $\pi^0\pi^0$ system
invariant mass, $m_{\pi\pi}>670$ MeV, or when the photon energy is less than
300 MeV. We discuss the details of the scalar meson production in the radiative
decays and note that there are reasonable arguments in favor of the one-loop
mechanism $\phi\to K^+K^-\to\gamma a_0$ and $\phi\to K^+K^-\to\gamma f_0$. We
discuss also distinctions between the four-quark, molecular, and two-quark
models and argue that the Novosibirsk data give evidence in favor of the
four-quark nature of the scalar $a_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129652 </DOCNO>
The mass of radio galaxies from low to high redshift


  Using a new radio sample, 6C* designed to find radio galaxies at z > 4 along
with the complete 3CRR and 6CE sample we extend the radio galaxy K-z relation
to z~4.5. The 6C* K-z data significantly improve delineation of the K-z
relation for radio galaxies at high redshift (z >2). In a spatially flat
universe with a cosmological constant (Omega_M=0.3 and Omega_Lambda=0.7), the
most luminous radio sources appear to be associated with galaxies with a
luminosity distribution with a high mean (~5L*), and a low dispersion (~0.5
mag) which formed their stars at epochs corresponding to z >~ 2.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179392 </DOCNO>
Multistrange baryon production in relativistic heavy ion collisions


  Using a multiphase transport model, we study the production of multistrange
baryons from the hadronic matter formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
The mechanism we introduce is the strangeness-exchange reactions between
antikaons and hyperons. We find that these reactions contribute significantly
to the production of multistrange baryons in heavy ion collisions at SPS
energies, which has been found to be appreciably enhanced. We have also made
predictions for multistrange baryon production in heavy ion collisions at RHIC
and found a similar enhancement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179574 </DOCNO>
The deuteron: a mini-review


  We review some recent results for elastic electron deuteron scattering
(deuteron form factors) and photodisintegration of the deuteron, with emphasis
on the recent high energy data from Jefferson Laboratory (JLab).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1580 </DOCNO>
Adsorption of multivalent ions on a charged surface: Oscillating


  Adsorption of multivalent counterions on the charged surface of a macroion is
known to lead to inversion of the macroion charge due to the strong lateral
correlations of counterions. We consider a nontrivial role of the excluded
volume of counterions on this effect. It is shown analytically that when the
bare charge of macroion increases, its net charge including the adsorbed
counterions oscillates with the number of their layers. Charge inversion
vanishes every time the top layer of counterions is completely full and becomes
incompressible. These oscillations of charge inversion are confirmed by
Monte-Carlo simulations. Another version of this phenomenon is studied for a
metallic electrode screened by multivalent counterions when potential of the
electrode is controlled instead of its charge. In this case, oscillations of
the compressibility and charge inversion lead to oscillations of capacitance of
this electrode with the number of adsorbed layers of multivalent counterions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73602 </DOCNO>
Implications of maximal Jarlskog invariant and maximal CP violation


  We argue here why CP violating phase Phi in the quark mixing matrix is
maximal, that is, Phi=90 degrees. In the Standard Model CP violation is related
to the Jarlskog invariant J, which can be obtained from non commuting Hermitian
mass matrices. In this article we derive the conditions to have Hermitian mass
matrices which give maximal Jarlskog invariant J and maximal CP violating phase
Phi. We find that all squared moduli of the quark mixing elements have a
singular point when the CP violation phase Phi takes the value Phi=90 degrees.
This special feature of the Jarlskog invariant J and the quark mixing matrix is
a clear and precise indication that CP violating Phase Phi is maximal in order
to let nature treat democratically all of the quark mixing matrix moduli.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127158 </DOCNO>
High redshift ellipticals: prospects for the VLT


  The results and the present limits of the observations of high-z ellipticals
are discussed in the framework of VLT imminent and future instruments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148333 </DOCNO>
The Noncommutative Supersymmetric Nonlinear Sigma Model


  We show that the noncommutativity of space-time destroys the
renormalizability of the 1/N expansion of the O(N) Gross-Neveu model. A similar
statement holds for the noncommutative nonlinear sigma model. However, we show
that, up to the subleading order in 1/N expansion, the noncommutative
supersymmetric O(N) nonlinear sigma model becomes renormalizable in D=3. We
also show that dynamical mass generation is restored and there is no
catastrophic UV/IR mixing. Unlike the commutative case, we find that the
Lagrange multiplier fields, which enforce the supersymmetric constraints, are
also renormalized. For D=2 the divergence of the four point function of the
basic scalar field, which in D=3 is absent, cannot be eliminated by means of a
counterterm having the structure of a Moyal product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 654 </DOCNO>
Aging effects and dynamic scaling in the 3d Edwards-Anderson spin


  We present a detailed study of the scaling behavior of correlations functions
and AC susceptibility relaxations in the aging regime in three dimensional spin
glasses. The agreement between simulations and experiments is excellent
confirming the validity of the full aging scenario with logarithmic corrections
which manifests as weak sub-aging effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125650 </DOCNO>
Geodetic Precession in Binary Neutron Stars


  The most recent evidence for geodetic precession observed in binary radio
pulsars is presented and discussed. It is demonstrated how an analysis of these
results can be used to study theories of gravity, stellar evolution and pulsar
emission theory. In order to highlight the observational strategies, an
overview of the applied techniques is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73219 </DOCNO>
Quantum Vacuum in Hot Nuclear Matter - A Nonperturbative Treatment


  We derive the equation of state for hot nuclear matter using Walecka model in
a nonperturbative formalism. We include here the vacuum polarisation effects
arising from the nucleon and scalar mesons through a realignment of the vacuum.
A ground state structure with baryon-antibaryon condensates yields the results
obtained through the relativistic Hartree approximation (RHA) of summing
baryonic tadpole diagrams. Generalization of such a state to include the
quantum effects for the scalar meson fields through the $\sigma$-meson
condensates amounts to summing over a class of multiloop diagrams. The
techniques of thermofield dynamics (TFD) method are used for the finite
temperature and finite density calculations. The in-medium nucleon and sigma
meson masses are also calculated in a self consistent manner. We examine the
liquid-gas phase transition at low temperatures ($\approx$ 20 MeV), as well as
apply the formalism to high temperatures to examine for a possible chiral
symmetry restoration phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169385 </DOCNO>
Instantaneous measurement of non-local variables is possible


  It is shown, under the assumption of possibility to perform an arbitrary
local operation, that all nonlocal variables, related to two or more separate
sites can be measured instantaneously. The measurement is based on
teleportation method. It is a verification measurement: it yields reliably the
eigenvalues of the nonlocal variables, but it does not prepare the eigenstates
of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113382 </DOCNO>
Fast Numerical simulations of 2D turbulence using a dynamic model for


  We present numerical simulation of 2D turbulent flow using a new model for
the subgrid scales which are computed using a dynamic equation linking the
subgrid scales with the resolved velocity. This equation is not postulated, but
derived from the constitutive equations under the assumption that the
non-linear interactions of subgrid scales between themselves are equivalent to
a turbulent viscosity.The performances of our model are compared with Direct
Numerical Simulations of decaying and forced turbulence. For a same resolution,
numerical simulations using our model allow for a significant reduction of the
computational time (of the order of 100 in the case we consider), and allow the
achievement of significantly larger Reynolds number than the direct method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76585 </DOCNO>
Sum rules for strange form factors and flavor singlet axial charges


  In chiral models with SU(3) group structure, strange form factors of baryon
octet are evaluated by constructing their sum rules to yield theoretical
predictions comparable to the recent experimental data of SAMPLE Collaboration.
We also study sum rules for the flavor singlet axial currents for the EMC
experiment in a modified quark model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72880 </DOCNO>
Net-Baryon fluctuations at the QCD critical point


  In the vicinity of the quark-hadron critical point, in the phase diagram of
QCD, simple power-law relations constrain the mid-rapidity net-baryon density
profile, for different heavy-ion processes, in a unifying scheme. The
corresponding scaling variable specifies the proximity of a given experiment to
the critical point. An important phenomenological aspect of the critical
properties in the baryonic sector is the possibility to observe intermittency
effects in the phase space distribution of net baryons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1646 </DOCNO>
A Simple Method to Make Asymptotic Series of Feynman Diagrams Converge


  We show that for two non-trivial lambda phi ^4 problems (the anharmonic
oscillator and the Landau-Ginzburg hierarchical model), improved perturbative
series can be obtained by cutting off the large field contributions. The
modified series converge to values exponentially close to the exact ones. For
lambda larger than some critical value, the method outperforms Pade's
approximants and Borel summations. The method can also be used for series which
are not Borel summable such as the double-well potential series. We show that
semi-classical methods can be used to calculate the modified Feynman rules,
estimate the error and optimize the field cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127847 </DOCNO>
A New Measurement of the Average FUV Extinction Curve


  We have measured the extinction curve in the far-ultraviolet wavelength
region of (900 -- 1200 A) using spectra obtained with the Berkeley EUV/FUV
spectrometer during the ORFEUS-I and the ORFEUS-II missions in 1993 and 1996.
  From the complete sample of early-type stars observed during these missions,
we have selected pairs of stars with the same spectral type but different
reddenings to measure the differential FUV extinction. We model the effects of
molecular hydrogen absorption and exclude affected regions of the spectrum to
determine the extinction from dust alone. We minimize errors from inaccuracies
in the cataloged spectral types of the stars by making our own determinations
of spectral types based on their IUE spectra. We find substantial scatter in
the curves of individual star pairs and present a detailed examination of the
uncertainties and their effects on each extinction curve. We find that, given
the potentially large uncertainties inherent in using the pair method at FUV
wavelengths, a careful analysis of measurement uncertainties is critical to
assessing the true dust extinction. We present a new measurement of the average
far-ultraviolet extinction curve to the Lyman limit; our new measurement is
consistent with an extrapolation of the standard extinction curve of Savage &
Mathis (1979).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6996 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Disorder and Quantum Fluctuations in Superconducting Films


  This is a Comment to the paper by Galitski and Larkin in Phys. Rev. Lett. 87
(2001) 087001 (cond-mat/0104247). It is pointed out that their argument that
the quantumn glass transition field should be higher than the mean field
H_{c2}(0) is incompatible with available data showing the so-called field-tuned
superconductor-insulator transition phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149125 </DOCNO>
Higgs Mechanism in the Presence of a Topological Term


  In cases of both abelian and nonabelian gauge groups, we study the Higgs
mechanism in the topologically massive gauge theories in an arbitrary
space-time dimension. We show that when the conventional Higgs potential
coexists with a topological term, gauge fields become massive by 'eating'
simultaneously both the Nambu-Goldstone boson and a higher-rank tensor field,
and instead a new massless scalar field is 'vomitted' in the physical spectrum.
Because of the appearance of this new massless field, the number of the
physical degrees of freedom remains unchanged before and after the spontaneous
symmetry breakdown. Moreover, the fact that the new field is a physical and
positive norm state is rigorously proved by performing the manifestly covariant
quantization of the model in three and four dimensions. In the mechanism at
hand, the presence of a topological term makes it possible to shift mass of
gauge fields in a nontrivial manner compared to the conventional value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73124 </DOCNO>
TeV Neutrinos from Successful and Choked Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Core collapse of massive stars resulting in a relativistic fireball jet which
breaks through the stellar envelope is a widely discussed scenario for
gamma-ray burst production. For very extended or slow rotating stars, the
fireball may be unable to break through the envelope. Both penetrating and
choked jets will produce, by photo-meson interactions of accelerated protons, a
burst of neutrinos with energies in excess of 5 TeV while propagating in the
envelope. The predicted flux, from both penetrating and chocked fireballs,
should be easily detectable by planned cubic kilometer neutrino telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128880 </DOCNO>
Disks surrounding Cataclysmic Binaries


  Observations of Cataclysmic Variables show a number of phenomena that do not
fit easily into the standard magnetic braking scenario. These include the large
spread in mass transfer rates, the low surface temperatures of many of the
companion stars, and evidence for material at low velocities. We propose that
these anomalies have a common cause: the presence of a circumbinary (CB) disk.
This may be a significant component of mass transferring binaries in general.
Direct detection of such CB disks may be possible but difficult, because of
their low luminosity Disks surrounding Cataclysmic Binaries and spectral energy
distribution peaking in the mid-IR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98374 </DOCNO>
The intersection homology D--module in finite characteristic


  Let R be a regular, local and F-finite ring defined over a field of finite
characteristic. Let I be an ideal of height c with normal quotient $A=R/I$. It
is shown that the local cohomology module H^c_I(R) contains a unique simple
D_R--submodule L(A,R). This should be viewed as a finite characteristic analog
of the Kashiwara--Brylinski D_R--module in characteristic zero which
corresponds to the intersection cohomology complex via the Riemann--Hilbert
correspondence. Besides the existence of L(A,R), more importantly, we give its
construction as a certain dual of the tight closure of zero in $H^d_m(A)$. We
obtain a precise D_R--simplicity criterion for H^c_I(R), namely H^c_I(R) is
D_R--simple if and only if the tight closure of zero in H^d_m(A) is Frobenius
nilpotent, in particular this is the case if A is F--rational.
  Furthermore, the techniques developed imply a result in tight closure theory,
saying that the parameter test module commutes with completion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95572 </DOCNO>
Geometric connections and geometric Dirac operators on contact manifolds


  We construct several natural connections and Dirac type operators on a
general metric contact manifold which are more sensitive to the geometric
background. In the special case of CR manifolds these connections are also
compatible with the CR structure and include among them the Webster connection.
We also describe several Weitzenbock type formulae. Our method is based on work
of P. Gauduchon applied to two almost complex manifolds naturally associated to
a given metric contact manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41770 </DOCNO>
Experimental investigation of high-energy photon splitting in atomic


  The new data analysis of the experiment, where the photon splitting in the
atomic fields has been observed for the first time, is presented. This
experiment was performed at the tagged photon beam of the ROKK-1M facility at
the VEPP-4M collider. In the energy region of 120-450 MeV, the statistics of
$1.6\cdot 10^9$ photons incident on the BGO target was collected. About 400
candidates to the photon splitting events were reconstructed. Within the
attained experimental accuracy, the experimental results are consistent with
the cross section calculated exactly in an atomic field. The predictions
obtained in the Born approximation significantly differ from the experimental
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150308 </DOCNO>
Equivalence of Weyl Vacuum and Normal Ordered Vacuum in the Moyal


  We study the features of the vacuum of the harmonic oscillator in the Moyal
quantization. Two vacua are defined, one with the normal ordering and the other
with the Weyl ordering. Their equivalence is shown by using a differential
equation satisfied by the normal ordered vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87057 </DOCNO>
Constant mean curvature foliations of flat space--times


  Let $V$ be a maximal globally hyperbolic flat $n+1$--dimensional space--time
with compact Cauchy surface of hyperbolic type. We prove that $V$ is globally
foliated by constant mean curvature hypersurfaces $M_{\tau}$, with mean
curvature $\tau$ taking all values in $(-\infty, 0)$. For $n \geq 3$, define
the rescaled volume of $M_{\tau}$ by $\Ham = |\tau|^n \Vol(M,g)$, where $g$ is
the induced metric. Then $\Ham \geq n^n \Vol(M,g_0)$ where $g_0$ is the
hyperbolic metric on $M$ with sectional curvature -1. Equality holds if and
only if $(M,g)$ is isometric to $(M,g_0)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123955 </DOCNO>
An Infrared Camera for Leuschner Observatory and the Berkeley


  We describe the design, fabrication, and operation of an infrared camera
which is in use at the 30-inch telescope of the Leuschner Observatory. The
camera is based on a Rockwell PICNIC 256 x 256 pixel HgCdTe array, which is
sensitive from 0.9-2.5 micron. The primary purpose of this telescope is for
undergraduate instruction. The cost of the camera has been minimized by using
commercial parts whereever practical. The camera optics are based on a modified
Offner relay which forms a cold pupil where stray thermal radiation from the
telescope is baffled. A cold, six-position filter wheel is driven by a
cryogenic stepper motor, thus avoiding any mechanical feed throughs. The array
control and readout electronics are based on standard PC cards; the only custom
component is a simple interface card which buffers the clocks and amplifies the
analog signals from the array.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81347 </DOCNO>
Quenched twisted mass QCD at small quark masses and in large volume


  As a test of quenched lattice twisted mass QCD, we compute the
non-perturbatively O($a$) improved pseudoscalar and vector meson masses and the
pseudoscalar decay constant down to $M_{\rm PS}/M_{\rm V} = 0.467(13)$ at
$\beta=6$ in large volume. We check the absence of exceptional configurations
and -- by further data at $\beta=6.2$ -- the size of scaling violations. The
CPU time cost for reaching a given accuracy is close to that with ordinary
Wilson quarks at $M_{\rm PS}/M_{\rm V} \simeq 0.6$ and grows smoothly as
$M_{\rm PS}/M_{\rm V}$ decreases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1424 </DOCNO>
Kinetic equation model for self-gravitating systems


  The kinetic theory of a self-gravitating system is considered in the
framework of Bhatnager-Gross-Krook model. This approach offers a unique and
tractable setup for studying the central, collision-dominated region of the
system, as well as its outer almost collisionless part. Stationary
non-equilibrium states of the system are considered and several different
self-similar solutions are identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4232 </DOCNO>
Interaction corrections to the Hall coefficient at intermediate


  We investigate the effect of electron-electron interaction on the temperature
dependence of the Hall coefficient of 2D electron gas at arbitrary relation
between the temperature $T$ and the elastic mean-free time $\tau$. At small
temperature $T\tau \ll \hbar$ we reproduce the known relation between the
logarithmic temperature dependences of the Hall coefficient and of the
longitudinal conductivity. At higher temperatures, this relation is violated
quite rapidly; correction to the Hall coefficient becomes $\propto 1/T$ whereas
the longitudinal conductivity becomes linear in temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85866 </DOCNO>
Gravitational-wave dynamics and black-hole dynamics: second


  Gravitational radiation with roughly spherical wavefronts, produced by
roughly spherical black holes or other astrophysical objects, is described by
an approximation scheme. The first quasi-spherical approximation, describing
radiation propagation on a background, is generalized to include additional
non-linear effects, due to the radiation itself. The gravitational radiation is
locally defined and admits an energy tensor, satisfying all standard local
energy conditions and entering the truncated Einstein equations as an effective
energy tensor. This second quasi-spherical approximation thereby includes
gravitational radiation reaction, such as the back-reaction on the black hole.
With respect to a canonical flow of time, the combined energy-momentum of the
matter and gravitational radiation is covariantly conserved. The corresponding
Noether charge is a local gravitational mass-energy. Energy conservation is
formulated as a local first law relating the gradient of the gravitational mass
to work and energy-supply terms, including the energy flux of the gravitational
radiation. Zeroth, first and second laws of black-hole dynamics are given,
involving a dynamic surface gravity. Local gravitational-wave dynamics is
described by a non-linear wave equation. In terms of a complex gravitational-
radiation potential, the energy tensor has a scalar-field form and the wave
equation is an Ernst equation, holding independently at each spherical angle.
The strain to be measured by a distant detector is simply defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3453 </DOCNO>
Dissociation of vertical semiconductor diatomic artificial molecules


  We investigate the dissociation of few-electron circular vertical
semiconductor double quantum dot artificial molecules at 0 T as a function of
interdot distance. Slight mismatch introduced in the fabrication of the
artificial molecules from nominally identical constituent quantum wells induces
localization by offsetting the energy levels in the quantum dots by up to 2
meV, and this plays a crucial role in the appearance of the addition energy
spectra as a function of coupling strength particularly in the weak coupling
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129080 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Scintillation in the Local ISM: Loop I and Beyond


  Recent pulsar scintillation measurements from Ooty, in conjunction with those
from Parkes and other large radio telescopes, are used for a systematic
investigation of the Local Interstellar Medium (LISM) towards the general
direction of the Loop I Bubble. For several pulsars, clear evidence is found
for an enhanced level of scattering which is over and above what can be
accounted for by the enhanced scattering model for the Local Bubble. These
results are interpreted in terms of enhanced scattering due to turbulent plasma
associated with the Loop I shell. Useful constraints are obtained for the
scattering properties of the shell. The inferred value for the scattering
measure for the Loop I shell is found to be ~0.3 pc m^{-20/3}. Assuming a shell
thickness ~5-10 pc, this implies an average strength of scattering in the shell
that is ~100-200 times larger than that in the ambient ISM. An alternative
explanation, where the enhanced level of scattering is due to a possible
"interaction zone" between the Local Bubble and the Loop I Bubble, is also
considered; it is found to be somewhat less satisfactory in explaining the
observations. The best fit value for the scattering measure for such an
interaction zone region is estimated to be ~1.1 pc m^{-20/3}.
  Further, several pulsars beyond ~1 kpc are found to show enhanced levels of
scattering over and above that expected from this "two-bubble model." For some
of the low-latitude pulsars, this is found to be due to enhanced scattering
from plasma inside the intervening Sagittarius spiral arm. We discuss the
implications of our results for the interpretation of scintillation data and
for the general understanding of the LISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3681 </DOCNO>
207Pb and 17O NMR Study of the Electron Density Distribution in Metal


  The 17O and 207Pb NMR spectra were measured in ceramic samples in the
metallic phase of BaPb_{1-x}Bi_{x}O_3 oxides (0<x< 0.33). The inhomogeneous
magnetic broadening which appears due to a distribution of the Knight shifts
was analyzed in detail. It is shown that Bi atoms, which are randomly
incorporated in BaPbO_3 parent compound give rise to an increased conduction
electron spin density within an area which is delimited by its two first cation
shells. According to NMR data the percolative overlap of these areas occurs in
superconducting compositions and it is accompanied by a sharp growth of the
average Knight shift <Ks>. The decrease of <17Ks> with temperature revealed for
x=0.33 evidences for an opening of the energy gap near E_F near the
metal-semiconductor transition (x=0.35).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127527 </DOCNO>
A comprehensive study of reported high metallicity giant HII regions. I.


  We present long-slit observations in the optical and near infrared of
fourteen HII regions in the spiral galaxies: NGC 628, NGC 925, NGC 1232 and NGC
1637, all of them reported to have solar or oversolar abundances according to
empirical calibrations. For seven of the observed regions, ion-weighted
temperatures from optical forbidden auroral to nebular line ratios have been
obtained and for six of them, the oxygen abundances derived by standard methods
turn out to be significantly lower than solar. The other one, named CDT1 in NGC
1232, shows an oxygen abundance of 12+log(O/H) = 8.95+-0.20 and constitutes, to
the best of our knowledge, the first high metallicity HII region for which
accurate line temperatures, and hence elemental abundances, have been derived.
  For the rest of the regions no line temperature measurements could be made
and the metallicity has been determined by means of both detailed
photoionisation modelling and the sulphur abundance parameter S_23. Only one of
these regions shows values of O_23 and S_23 implying a solar or oversolar
metallicity.
  According to our analysis, only two of the observed regions can therefore be
considered as of high metallicity. The two of them fit the trends previously
found in other high metallicity HII regions, i.e. N/O and S/O abundance ratios
seem to be higher and lower than solar respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77059 </DOCNO>
The handbag contribution to gamma gamma to pi pi and K K


  We investigate the soft handbag contribution to two-photon annihilation into
pion or kaon pairs at large energy and momentum transfer. The amplitude is
expressed as a hard gamma gamma -> q qbar subprocess times a form factor
describing the soft transition from q qbar to the meson pair. We find the
calculated angular dependence of the cross section in good agreement with data,
and extract annihilation form factors of plausible size. A key prediction of
the handbag mechanism is that the differential cross section is the same for
charged and neutral pion pairs, in striking contrast with what is found in the
hard scattering approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127728 </DOCNO>
Emission-Line Properties of z > 4 Quasars


  We present results of a program of high signal-to-noise spectroscopy for 44
QSOs at redshifts > 4 using the MMT and Keck observatories. The quasar spectra
cover 1100 -- 1700 A in the rest frame for sources spanning a luminosity range
of approximately 2 orders of magnitude. Comparisons between these data and
spectra of lower redshift quasars reveal a high degree of similarity, although
differences are present in the profiles and the strengths of some emission
features. An examination of the luminosity dependence of the emission lines
reveals evidence for a weak or absent Baldwin effect among z > 4 QSOs. We
compare measurements for objects in our sample with results from other high
redshift surveys characterized by different selection techniques. Distributions
of equivalent widths for these different ensembles are consistent with a common
parent population, suggesting that our sample is not strongly biased, or in any
case, subject to selection effects that are not significantly different from
other surveys, including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Based on this
comparison, we tentatively conclude that the trends identified here are
representative of high z QSOs. In particular, the data bolster indications of
supersolar metallicities in these luminous, high-z sources, which support
scenarios that assume substantial star formation at epochs preceding or
concurrent with the QSO phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126230 </DOCNO>
The Central kpc of Galaxy Bulges


  We study the innermost regions of bulges with surface brightness data derived
from combined HST/NICMOS and ground-based NIR profiles. Bulge profiles to 1-2
kpc may be fit with Sersic laws, and show a trend with bulge-to-disk ratio:
low-B/D bulges are roughly exponential, whereas higher-B/D bulges show
increasing Sersic shape index $n$, indicating higher peak central densities and
more extended brightness tails. N-body models of accretion of satellites onto
disk-bulge-halo galaxies show that satellite accretion contributes to the
increase of the shape index $n$ as the bulge grows by accretion. The N-body
results demonstrate that exponential profiles are fragile to merging, hence
bulges with exponential surface brightness profiles cannot have experienced
significant growth by accretion of dense satellites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41414 </DOCNO>
Muon Decay Asymmetries from $K^0_L \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \mu^-$ Decays


  We have examined the decay $K^0_L \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \mu^-$ in which the
branching ratio, the muon energy asymmetry and the muon decay asymmetry could
be measured. In particular, we find that within the Standard Model the
longitudinal polarization ($P_L$) of the muon is proportional to the direct CP
violating amplitude. On the other hand the energy asymmetry and the
out-of-plane polarization ($P_N$) depend on both indirect and direct CP
violating amplitudes. Although the branching ratio is small and difficult to
measure because of background, the asymmetries could be large $\cal{O}$(1) in
the Standard Model. A combined analysis of the energy asymmetry, $P_L$ and
$P_N$ could be used to separate indirect CPV, direct CPV, and CP conserving
contributions to the decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4790 </DOCNO>
Spin-Glass Phase in the Random Temperature Ising Ferromagnet


  In this paper we study the phase diagram of the disordered Ising ferromagnet.
Within the framework of the Gaussian variational approximation it is shown that
in systems with a finite value of the disorder in dimensions D=4 and D < 4 the
paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases are separated by a spin-glass phase. The
transition from paramagnetic to spin-glass state is continuous (second-order),
while the transition between spin-glass and ferromagnetic states is
discontinuous (first-order). It is also shown that within the considered
approximation there is no replica symmetry breaking in the spin-glass phase.
The validity of the Gaussian variational approximation for the present problem
is discussed, and we provide a tentative physical interpretation of the
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169466 </DOCNO>
On the non-trivil effect of Berry phase to degenerate quantum states


  We poin out that the Berry phase to the degenerate system, no matter it is
abelian or non-abelian, is qualitatively different from the one to the
nondegenerate system. We then propose a simple scheme to detect the nontrivil
effect of the Berry phase to the degenerate states by the entangled pair state.
In this scheme, we need not control any external parameters during the quantum
state evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95553 </DOCNO>
Special functions, conformal blocks, Bethe ansatz, and SL(3,Z)


  This is the talk of the second author at the meeting "Topological Methods in
Physical Sciences", London, November 2000. We review our work on KZB equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72843 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Physics: Summary


  This talk summarizes recent progress in top quark physics studies for high
energy linear electron-positron colliders as presented at the LCWS2000 Workshop
at Fermilab. New results were presented for top pair production at threshold
and in the continuum, as well as for top production at $\gamma\gamma$
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1089 </DOCNO>
Improved lower bounds for the ground-state energy of many-body systems


  New lower bounds for the binding energy of a quantum-mechanical system of
interacting particles are presented. The new bounds are expressed in terms of
two-particle quantities and improve the conventional bounds of the Hall-Post
type. They are constructed by considering not only the energy in the
two-particle system, but also the structure of the pair wave function. We apply
the formal results to various numerical examples, and show that in some cases
dramatic improvement over the existing bounds is reached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99188 </DOCNO>
Regularity of finite-dimensional realizations for Evolution Equations


  We show that a continuous local semiflow of $C^k$-maps on a
finite-dimensional $C^k$-manifold M can be embedded into a local $C^k$-flow on
M under some weak (necessary) assumptions. This result is applied to an open
problem in [fil/tei:01]. We prove that finite-dimensional realizations for
interest rate models are highly regular objects, namely given by submanifolds M
of $D(A^{\infty})$, where A is the generator of a strongly continuous
semigroup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72878 </DOCNO>
A gauge invariant formulation of intrinsically nonperturbative QCD


  Using a system of the corresponding Schwinger-Dyson equations of motion, a
pure dynamical theory of quark confinement and spontaneous breakdown of chiral
symmetry is formulated. It is based on dominated in the QCD vacuum
self-interaction of massless gluons only, i.e., without involving some extra
degrees of freedom. This interaction becomes strongly singular in the deep
infrared domain leading thus to the enhancement of zero momentum modes in the
nonperturbative QCD vacuum. Using theory of distributions, complemented by the
dimensional regularization method, we have explicitly shown that strong
infrared singularities can be put under control. In this way a new phase in
QCD, intrinsically nonperturbative QCD which is manifestly gauge invariant, was
discovered. As a result, a highly nontrivial dynamical and topological
structure of the QCD vacuum has emerged within our approach. We have also
explicitly shown how infrared multiplicative renormalization program should be
done in order to self-consistently remove all the strong infrared singularities
from the theory. The corresponding convergence conditions play a crucial role
in this program. In this theory any physical observables are determined by such
correlation functions from which all types of the perturbative contributions
should be subtracted, by definition. Theory is not only infrared finite but it
is free from the ultraviolet divergences as well. It has a mass gap $\Delta >
0$, i.e., there are no physical states in the interval $(0, \Delta)$. It
explains confinement, spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry and other
nonperturbative effects on a general ground and in self-consistent way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85908 </DOCNO>
1/r - Potential Without Charge


  In order to get geodesically complete Reissner - Nordstroem space - times, it
is necessary to identify pairs of singular points. This can be done in such a
way that "wormholes" are created which generate electric field lines without
any charge. Finally, it is shown that it is possible to glue these space -
times not in the singularities r=0, but at some r>0. The surface energy
generated by this gluing is exotic, but tends to zero in the limit r -> 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5169 </DOCNO>
Propagation of Cooper pairs in carbon nanotubes with superconducting


  Propagation of Cooper pairs in carbon nanotubes in the presence of
superconducting correlations is studied theoretically. We find that negative
and positive currents induced by impurity scatterings between electrons and
holes cancel each other, and the nonmagnetic impurity does not hinder the
supercurrent in the regions where the superconducting proximity effects occur.
The carbon nanotube is a good conductor for Cooper pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128358 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Galactic Origin of Very Short Gamma Ray Bursts and


  We systematically study the shortest time duration gamma ray bursts and find
unique features that are best interpreted as sources of a galactic origin.
There is a significant angular asymmetry and the V/Vmax distribution provides
evidence for a homogenous or Euclidean source distribution. We eview the
arguments that primordial black hole evaporation can give such GRBs. The rate
of events is consistent with a PBH origin if we assume on enhanced local
density, as are the other distributions. We suggest further tests of this
hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126773 </DOCNO>
The SCUBA 8-mJy survey - II: Multiwavelength analysis of bright sub-mm


  We present the results of a multi-wavelength study of the 19 most significant
sub-mm sources detected in the SCUBA 8-mJy survey. As described in Scott et al.
(2001), this survey covers ~260 arcmin^2 using the sub-millimetre camera SCUBA,
to a limiting source detection limit S(850um) ~ 8 mJy. One advantage of this
relatively bright flux-density limit is that accurate astrometric positions are
potentially achievable for every source using existing radio and/or mm-wave
interferometers. However, an associated advantage is that SED-based redshift
constraints should be more powerful than in fainter sub-mm surveys. Here we
therefore exploit the parallel SCUBA 450um data, in combination with existing
radio and ISO data at longer and shorter wavelengths to set constraints on the
redshift of each source. We also analyse new and existing optical and
near-infrared imaging of our SCUBA survey fields to select potential
identifications consistent with these constraints. Our derived SED-based
redshift constraints, and the lack of statistically significant associations
with even moderately bright galaxies allow us to conclude that all 19 sources
lie at z > 1, and at least half of them apparently lie at z > 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127730 </DOCNO>
Simulating the Performance of Large-Format Submillimetre Focal-Plane


  A robust measurement of the clustering amplitude of the sub-mm population of
starburst galaxies requires large-area surveys (>> 1 deg^2). The largest-format
arrays subtend only 10 arcmin^2 on the sky and hence scan-mapping is a
necessary observing mode. Providing realistic representations of the
extragalactic sky and atmosphere, as the input to a detailed simulator of the
telescope and instrument performance, allows important decisions to be made
about the design of large-area fully-sampled surveys and observing strategies.
In this paper we present preliminary simulations that include detector noise,
time-constants and array geometry, telescope pointing errors, scan speeds and
scanning angles, sky noise and sky rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98936 </DOCNO>
Uniform product of A_{g,n}(V) for an orbifold model V and G-twisted Zhu


  Let V be a vertex operator algebra and G a finite automorphism group of V.
For each g\in G and nonnegative rational number n\in {\mathbb Z}/|g|, a
g-twisted Zhu algebra A_{g,n}(V) plays an important role in the theory of
vertex operator algebras, but the given product in A_{g,n}(V) depends on the
eigenspaces of g. We show that there is a uniform definition of products on V
and we introduce a G-twisted Zhu algebra A_{G,n}(V) which covers all g-twisted
Zhu algebras.
  Assume that V is simple and let {\cal S} be a finite set of inequivalent
irreducible twisted V-modules which is closed under the action of G. There is a
finite dimensional semisimple associative algebra {\cal A}_{\alpha}(G,{\cal S})
for a suitable 2-cocycle naturally determined by the G-action on {\cal S}. We
show that a duality theorem of Schur-Weyl type holds for the actions of {\cal
A}_{\alpha}(G,{\cal S}) and V^G on the direct sum of twisted V-modules in {\cal
S} as an application of the theory of A_{G,n}(V). It follows as a natural
consequence of the result that for any g\in G every irreducible g-twisted
V-module is a completely reducible V^G-module.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124703 </DOCNO>
High-resolution radio observations of Seyfert galaxies in the extended


  We discuss the properties of compact nuclear radio components in Seyfert
galaxies from the extended 12-micron AGN sample of Rush et al.(1993). Our main
results can be summarised as follows. Type 1 and type 2 Seyferts produce
compact radio components which are indistinguishable in strength and aspect,
indicating that their central engines are alike as proposed by the unification
model. Infrared IRAS fluxes are more closely correlated with low-resolution
radio fluxes than high-resolution radio fluxes, suggesting that they are
dominated by kiloparsec-scale, extra-nuclear emission regions; extra-nuclear
emission may be stronger in type 2 Seyferts. Early-type Seyfert galaxies tend
to have stronger nuclear radio emission than late-type Seyfert galaxies.
V-shaped extended emission-line regions, indicative of `ionisation cones', are
usually found in sources with large, collimated radio outflows. Hidden broad
lines are most likely to be found in sources with powerful nuclear radio
sources. Type 1 and type 2 Seyferts selected by their IRAS 12-micron flux
densities have well matched properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2772 </DOCNO>
Long-Time Tails and Anomalous Slowing Down in the Relaxation of


  Exact analytic calculations in spin-1/2 XY chains, show the presence of
long-time tails in the asymptotic dynamics of spatially inhomogeneous
excitations. The decay of inhomogeneities, for $t\to \infty $, is given in the
form of a power law \[ (t/\tau_{Q}) ^{-\nu_{Q}} \] where the relaxation time
$\tau_{Q}$ and the exponent $\nu_{Q}$ depend on the wave vector $Q$,
characterizing the spatial modulation of the initial excitation. We consider
several variants of the XY model (dimerized, with staggered magnetic field,
with bond alternation, and with isotropic and uniform interactions), that are
grouped into two families, whether the energy spectrum has a gap or not. Once
the initial condition is given, the non-equilibrium problem for the
magnetization is solved in closed form, without any other assumption. The
long-time behavior for $t\to \infty $ can be obtained systematically in a form
of an asymptotic series through the stationary phase method. We found that
gapped models show critical behavior with respect to $Q$, in the sense that
there exist critical values $Q_{c}$, where the relaxation time $\tau_{Q}$
diverges and the exponent $\nu_{Q}$ changes discontinuously. At those points, a
slowing down of the relaxation process is induced, similarly to phenomena
occurring near phase transitions. Long-lived excitations are identified as
incommensurate spin density waves that emerge in systems undergoing the Peierls
transition. In contrast, gapless models do not present the above anomalies as a
function of the wave vector $Q$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 416 </DOCNO>
The pionic width of the $\omega(782)$ meson within a well-defined,


  We investigate the indirect generation of the partial width of the
$\omega(782)$ meson with respect to the reaction $\omega(782) \to \rho(770) \pi
\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ within the context of a ``Unitary Effective Resonance
Model'' (UERM), which has previously been applied to resonant fermionic field
operators, here extended to scalar, pseudoscalar and vector bosonic fields. The
$\omega(782)$ meson is described by a (quasi-)real field, while the
intermediate $\rho(770)$ meson is considered to be a resonant degree of
freedom, which can be treated consistently within the UERM.
  In the limit of an infinitesimal width (imaginary part of self-energy), the
UERM yields a consistent treatment of relativistic quantum field theory (QFT).
Some aspects of the UERM of (anti-)particles and (anti-)holes are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168747 </DOCNO>
The Precise Formula in a Sine Function Form of the norm of the Amplitude


  In this paper we derived the precise formula in a sine function form of the
norm of the amplitude in the desired state, and by means of he precise formula
we presented the necessary and sufficient phase condition for any quantum
algorithm with arbitrary phase rotations. We also showed that the phase
condition: identical rotation angles, is a sufficient but not a necessary phase
condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128159 </DOCNO>
Superquintessence


  There is marginal evidence that the quintessential form of matter responsible
for the acceleration of the universe observed today has ratio between pressure
and energy density $w<-1$. Such a regime, called superacceleration, cannot be
achieved with conventional scalar field models. The simplest non-exotic model
achieving superacceleration is that of a scalar field nonminimally coupled to
the Ricci curvature. This model is studied for general potentials and an exact
superaccelerating solution is presented. In quintessential inflation, the model
can have blue gravitational wave spectra, improving the prospects for the
detection of cosmological gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74045 </DOCNO>
Inclusive dileptonic rare B decays with an extra generation of


  We investigate the leading effects of extending the Standard Model of
electroweak interactions by an extra iso-singlet up- and down- type quark pair
on various distributions and total branching ratio of the inclusive B-> X_s l^+
l^- (l =e,\mu) rare B decays. The presence of the extra vector-like down quark
$D$ results in the non-unitarity of the extended quark mixing matrix V, which
in turn leads to b-> s FCNC at the tree level proportional to (V^\dagger
V)_{sb}. On the other hand, the effective penguin and box vertex functions are
sensitive to the mass of the extra iso-singlet up quark m_U. The experimental
upper bound on BR(B-> X_s \mu^+ \mu^-) is used to constrain the parameters of
the model. It is shown that the shapes of the differential branching ratio and
forward-backward asymmetry distribution are very sensitive to the value of the
model parameters. We also calculate the CP aymmetry distribution of the
dileptonic decay in the vector-like quark model. It is shown that, for a
typical choice of the model parameters, asymmetries up to around 10% can be
achieved for certain values of the dilepton invariant mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113584 </DOCNO>
Chemical efficiency of reactive microflows with heterogeneus catalysis:


  We investigate the effects of geometrical micro-irregularities on the
conversion efficiency of reactive flows in narrow channels of millimetric size.
Three-dimensional simulations, based upon a Lattice-Boltzmann-Lax-Wendroff
code, indicate that periodic micro-barriers may have an appreciable effect on
the effective reaction efficiency of the device. Once extrapolated to
macroscopic scales, these effects can result in a sizeable increase of the
overall reaction efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129336 </DOCNO>
The Diabolo photometer and the future of ground-based millimetric


  The millimetric atmospheric windows at 1 and 2 mm are interesting targets for
cosmological studies. Two broad areas appear leading this field: 1) the search
for high redshift star-forming galaxies and 2) the measurement of
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in clusters of galaxies at all redshifts. The
Diabolo photometer is a dual-channel photometer working at 1.2 and 2.1 mm and
dedicated to high angular resolution measurements of the Sunyaev--Zel'dovich
effect towards distant clusters. It uses 2 by 3 bolometers cooled down to 0.1 K
with a compact open dilution cryostat. The high resolution is provided by the
IRAM 30 m telescope. The result of several Winter campaigns are reported here,
including the first millimetric map of the SZ effect that was obtained by
Pointecouteau et al. (2001) on RXJ1347-1145, the non-detection of a millimetric
counterpart to the radio decrement towards PC1643+4631 and 2 mm number count
upper limits. We discuss limitations in ground-based single-dish millimetre
observations, namely sky noise and the number of detectors. We advocate the use
of fully sampled arrays of (100 to 1000) bolometers as a big step forward in
the millimetre continuum science. Efforts in France are briefly mentionned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86667 </DOCNO>
Quintessence as a run-away dilaton


  We consider a late-time cosmological model based on a recent proposal that
the infinite-bare-coupling limit of superstring/M-theory exists and has good
phenomenological properties, including a vanishing cosmological constant, and a
massless, decoupled dilaton. As it runs away to $+ \infty$, the dilaton can
play the role of the quintessence field recently advocated to drive the
late-time accelerated expansion of the Universe. If, as suggested by some
string theory examples, appreciable deviations from General Relativity persist
even today in the dark matter sector, the Universe may smoothly evolve from an
initial "focusing" stage, lasting untill radiation--matter equality, to a
"dragging" regime, which eventually gives rise to an accelerated expansion with
frozen $\Omega(\rm{dark energy})/\Omega(\rm{dark matter})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7198 </DOCNO>
Multi-overlap simulations of spin glasses


  We present results of recent high-statistics Monte Carlo simulations of the
Edwards-Anderson Ising spin-glass model in three and four dimensions. The study
is based on a non-Boltzmann sampling technique, the multi-overlap algorithm
which is specifically tailored for sampling rare-event states. We thus
concentrate on those properties which are difficult to obtain with standard
canonical Boltzmann sampling such as the free-energy barriers F^q_B in the
probability density P_J(q) of the Parisi overlap parameter q and the behaviour
of the tails of the disorder averaged density P(q) = [P_J(q)]_av.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3765 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Modulation of Multi-Dimensional Lattice Waves


  The equations governing weakly nonlinear modulations of $N$-dimensional
lattices are considered using a quasi-discrete multiple-scale approach. It is
found that the evolution of a short wave packet for a lattice system with cubic
and quartic interatomic potentials is governed by generalized Davey-Stewartson
(GDS) equations, which include mean motion induced by the oscillatory wave
packet through cubic interatomic interaction. The GDS equations derived here
are more general than those known in the theory of water waves because of the
anisotropy inherent in lattices. Generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations
describing the evolution of long wavelength acoustic modes in two and three
dimensional lattices are also presented. Then the modulational instability of a
$N$-dimensional Stokes lattice wave is discussed based on the $N$-dimensional
GDS equations obtained. Finally, the one- and two-soliton solutions of
two-dimensional GDS equations are provided by means of Hirota's bilinear
transformation method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96298 </DOCNO>
Seiberg-Witten-Floer stable homotopy type of three-manifolds with b_1=0


  Using Furuta's idea of finite dimensional approximation, we refine
Seiberg-Witten-Floer homology to obtain an invariant of homology 3-spheres
which lives in the equivariant graded suspension category. We also define a
relative invariant of four-manifolds with boundary and use it to give new
proofs to some results of Froyshov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95541 </DOCNO>
Microscopic shape of shocks in a domain growth model


  Considering the hydrodynamical limit of some interacting particle systems
leads to hyperbolic differential equation for the conserved quantities, e.g.
the inviscid Burgers equation for the simple exclusion process. The physical
solutions of these partial differential equations develop discontinuities,
called shocks. The microscopic structure of these shocks is of much interest
and far from being well understood. We introduce a domain growth model in which
we find a stationary (in time) product measure for the model, as seen from a
defect tracer or second class particle, travelling with the shock. We also show
that under some natural assumptions valid for a wider class of domain growth
models, no other model has stationary product measure as seen from the moving
defect tracer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3496 </DOCNO>
Pressure Dependence of the Raman Spectrum, Lattice Parameters and


  We have observed a strongly broadened Raman band of MgB2 that shows
anomalously large pressure dependence of its frequency. This band and its
pressure dependence can be interpreted as the E2g zone center phonon, which is
strongly anharmonic because of coupling to electronic excitations. The pressure
dependence of Tc was measured to 14 GPa in hydrostatic conditions and can be
explained only when a substantial pressure dependence of the Hopfield parameter
h=N(0)<I2>~(V0/V)^2.3(6)is taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75407 </DOCNO>
Gauge corrections and FI-term in 5D KK theories


  In the context of a five dimensional N=1 Kaluza Klein model compactified on
S_1/Z_2 x Z_2' we compute the one-loop gauge corrections to the self energy of
the (zero-mode) scalar field. The result is quadratically divergent due to the
appearance of a Fayet-Iliopoulos term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169452 </DOCNO>
A Refinement of Shor's Algorithm


  A refinement of Shor's Algorithm for determining order is introduced, which
determines a divisor of the order after any one run of a quantum computer with
almost absolute certainty. The information garnered from each run is
accumulated to determine the order, and for any k greater than 1, there is a
guaranteed minimum positive probability that the order will be determined after
at most k runs. The probability of determination of the order after at most k
runs exponentially approaches a value negligibly less than one, so that the
accumulated information determines the order with almost absolute certainty.
The probability of determining the order after at most two runs is more than
60%, and the probability of determining the order after at most four runs is
more than 90%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6814 </DOCNO>
A practical guide to computer simulations


  Here practical aspects of conducting research via computer simulations are
discussed. The following issues are addressed: software engineering,
object-oriented software development, programming style, macros, make files,
scripts, libraries, random numbers, testing, debugging, data plotting, curve
fitting, finite-size scaling, information retrieval, and preparing
presentations.
  Because of the limited space, usually only short introductions to the
specific areas are given and references to more extensive literature are cited.
All examples of code are in C/C++.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3020 </DOCNO>
Efficiency and persistence in models of adaptation


  A cut-and-paste model which mimics a trial-and-error process of adaptation is
introduced and solved. The model, which can be thought of as a diffusion
process with memory, is characterized by two properties, efficiency and
persistence. We establish a link between these properties and determine two
transitions for each property, a percolation transition and a depinning
transition. If the adaptation process is iterated, the antipersistent state
becomes an attractor of the dynamics. Extensions to higher dimensions are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179197 </DOCNO>
Degeneracies when T=0 Two Body Interacting Matrix Elements are Set Equal


  In a previous work we studied the effects of setting all two body T=0 matrix
elements to zero in shell model calculations for $^{43}$Ti ($^{43}$Sc) and
$^{44}$Ti. The results for $^{44}$Ti were surprisingly good despite the
severity of this approximation. In this approximation degeneracies arose in the
T=1/2 I=$({1/2})^-_1$ and $({13/2})^-_1$ states in $^{43}$Sc and the T=1/2
$I=({13/2})_2^-$, $({17/2})^-_1$, and $({19/2})_1^-$ in $^{43}$Sc. The T=0
$3_2^+$, $7_2^+$, $9_1^+$, and $10_1^+$ states in $^{44}$Ti were degenerate as
well. The degeneracies can be explained by certain 6j symbols and 9j symbols
either vanishing or being equal as indeed they are. Previously we used Regge
symmetries of 6j symbols to explain these degeneracies. In this work a simpler
more physical method is used. This is Talmi's method of calculating
coefficients of fractional parentage for identical particles to states which
are forbidden by the Pauli principle. This is done for both one particle cfp to
handle 6j symbols and two particle cfp to handle 9j symbols. The states can be
classified by the dual quantum numbers ($J_{\pi},J_{\nu}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127101 </DOCNO>
X-ray Detection from Bona-fide and Candidate Brown Dwarfs in the Rho


  We present results of an X-ray search from bona-fide and candidate brown
dwarfs in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud cores with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The
selected areas are two fields near the cloud center and are observed with the
ACIS-I array of a 17'x17' size and a ~100 ks exposure. Among 18 bona-fide and
candidate brown dwarfs listed by the infrared spectroscopy, we find X-ray
emission from 7 sources above 99.9% confidence level. Therefore ~40% of the
infrared-selected brown dwarfs in this cloud emit X-rays. For the brightest 4
sources, the X-ray spectra are made and are fitted with a thin-thermal plasma
model of a temperature 1-2.5 keV. The X-rays are also time variable with rapid
flares from 2 of the brown dwarfs. Assuming 2 keV temperature and using the
empirical relation of Av vs. NH, we estimate the X-ray luminosity or its upper
limit of the other faint or non-X-ray sources. The X-ray luminosity (Lx) of the
X-ray-detected sources is in the range of 0.3-90x10^28 ergs s^-1, while the
luminosity ratio of X-ray to bolometric (Lx/Lbol) is 10^-3 - 10^-5, similar to
those of low-mass pre-main-sequence and dMe stars. All these results suggest
that the X-ray origin of brown dwarfs is the same as low-mass stars; strong
magnetic activity at the stellar surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81310 </DOCNO>
Status of the QCDOC project


  A status report is given of the QCDOC project, a massively parallel computer
optimized for lattice QCD using system-on-a-chip technology. We describe
several of the hardware and software features unique to the QCDOC architecture
and present performance figures obtained from simulating the current VHDL
design of the QCDOC chip with single-cycle accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75983 </DOCNO>
Decline and Fall of the Standard Model?


  Motivations for physics beyond the Standard Model are reviewed, with
particular emphasis on supersymmetry at the TeV scale. Constraints on the
minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model with universal soft
supersymmetry-breaking terms (CMSSM) are discussed. These are also combined
with the supersymmetric interpretation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the
muon. The prospects for observing supersymmetry at accelerators are reviewed
using benchmark scenarios to focus the discussion. Prospects for other
experiments are discussed, including the detection of cold dark matter, mu -> e
gamma and related processes, as well as proton decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72887 </DOCNO>
Determination of the String Scale in D-Brane Scenarios and Dark Matter


  We analyze different phenomenological aspects of D-brane constructions.
First, we obtain that scenarios with the gauge group and particle content of
the supersymmetric standard model lead naturally to intermediate values for the
string scale, in order to reproduce the value of gauge couplings deduced from
experiments. Second, the soft terms, which turn out to be generically non
universal, and Yukawa couplings of these scenarios are studied in detail.
Finally, using these soft terms and the string scale as the initial scale for
their running, we compute the neutralino-nucleon cross section. In particular
we find regions in the parameter space of D-brane scenarios with cross sections
in the range of $10^{-6}$--$10^{-5}$ pb, i.e. where current dark matter
experiments are sensitive. For instance, this can be obtained for $\tan\beta >
5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1929 </DOCNO>
Two-point microrheology and the electrostatic analogy


  The recent experiments of Crocker et al. suggest that microrheological
measurements obtained from the correlated fluctuations of widely-separatedprobe
particles determine the rheological properties of soft, complex materials more
accurately than do the more traditional particle autocorrelations. This
presents an interesting problem in viscoelastic dynamics. We develop an
important, simplifing analogy between the present viscoelastic problem and
classical electrostatics. Using this analogy and direct calculation we analyze
both the one and two particle correlations in a viscoelastic medium in order to
explain this observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126945 </DOCNO>
Angular and three--dimensional correlation functions, determined from


  We measured the two dimensional galaxy--galaxy correlation function from the
Muenster Red Sky Survey (Ungruhe 1999). This survey has a slightly larger
surface as the APM survey and complete up to r_F<18.3 mag (z_{med} \sim 0.14).
The large dynamical range of the survey made it possible to examine
sub-catalogues with different limiting magnitudes. The positive part of our
measured angular correlation functions (after the colour correction) agree
excellently with those measured by Maddox, Efstathiou and Shutherland 1996 from
the APM galaxy catalogue (Maddox et al. 1990). From the measured angular
correlation functions the three dimensional two-point correlation function
\xi(r) was calculated. We have chosen the evolution parameter \epsilon so that
the change of the correlation length r_0 with the depth of the sub-catalogue
were minimal. This prescription gives r_0 = 5.82 \pm 0.05 h^{-1} Mpc and a
high, positive evolution parameter \epsilon = 2.6. We have estimated the
average inflow/outflow velocity, corresponding to the evolution of the 3d
correlation function. The position of the point, where the 3d correlation
function breaks away from the power law depends on the depth of the
sub-catalogues: for low magnitude limits the break-down comes earlier, for
higher later.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76156 </DOCNO>
Nuclear parton distributions in the DGLAP approach


  Determination of the nuclear parton distributions within the framework of
perturbative QCD, the DGLAP equations in particular, is discussed. Scale and
flavour dependent nuclear effects in the parton distributions are compared with
the scale and flavour independent parametrizations of HIJING and of the Hard
Probe Collaboration. A comparison with the data from deep inelastic
lepton-nucleus scattering and the Drell-Yan process in proton-nucleus
collisions is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4814 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the Optical Response of Semiconductors by


  In the past five years enormous progress has been made in the ab initio
calculations of the optical response of electrons in semiconductors. The
calculations include the Coulomb interaction between the excited electron and
the hole left behind, as well as local field effects. However, they are
performed under the assumption that the atoms occupy fixed equilibrium
positions and do not include effects of the interaction of the lattice
vibrations with the electronic states (electron-phonon interaction). This
interaction shifts and broadens the energies at which structure in the optical
spectra is observed, the corresponding shifts being of the order of the
accuracy claimed for the ab initio calculations. These shifts and broadenings
can be calculated with various degrees of reliability using a number of
semiempirical and ab initio techniques, but no full calculations of the optical
spectra including electron-phonon interaction are available to date.
  This article discusses experimental and theoretical aspects of the
renormalization of optical response functions by electron-phonon interaction,
including both temperature and isotopic mass effects. Some of the theoretical
techniques used can also be applied to analyze the renormalization of other
response functions, such as the phonon spectral functions, the lattice
parameters, and the elastic constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126635 </DOCNO>
The build-up of halos within Press-Schechter theory


  Modelling the build-up of halos is important for linking the formation of
galaxies with cosmological models. A simple model of halo growth is provided by
Press-Schechter (PS) theory, where the initial field of density fluctuations is
smoothed using spherically symmetric filters centred on a given position to
obtain information about the likelihood of later collapse on varying scales. In
this paper the predicted halo mass growth is compared for three filter shapes:
Gaussian, top-hat and sharp k-space. Preliminary work is also presented
analysing the build-up of halos within numerical simulations using a
friends-of-friends group finder. The best-fit to the simulation mass function
was obtained using PS theory with a top-hat filter. By comparing both the
backwards conditional mass function, which gives the distribution of halo
progenitors, and the distribution of halo mergers in time, the build-up of
halos in the simulations is shown to be better fitted by PS theory with a sharp
k-space filter. This strengthens previous work, which also found the build-up
of halos in simulations to be well matched to PS theory with a sharp k-space
filter by providing a direct comparison of different filters and by extending
the statistical tools used to analyse halo mass growth. The usefulness of this
work is illustrated by showing that the cosmological evolution in the
proportion of halos that have undergone recent merger is predicted to be
independent of mass and power spectrum and to only depend upon cosmology.
Recent results from observations of field galaxies are shown to match the
evolution expected, but are not sufficiently accurate to usefully distinguish
between cosmological parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 574 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics and Preferred Frame


  The Lorentz covariant statistical physics and thermodynamics is formulated
within the preferred frame approach. The transformation laws for geometrical
and mechanical quantities such as volume and pressure as well as the
Lorentz-invariant measure on the phase space are found using Lorentz
transformation in absolute synchronization. Next, the probability density and
partition function are investigated using the preferred frame approach and the
transformation laws for internal energy, entropy, temperature as well as other
thermodynamical potentials are established. The Lorentz covariance of basic
thermodynamical relations, including Clapeyron's equation and Maxwell's
relations is shown. Finally, the relation of presented approach to the previous
approaches to relativistic thermodynamics is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85845 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Fields and the Cosmic Microwave Background


  Observations of the high degree of isotropy of the cosmic microwave
background are commonly believed to indicate that the Universe is `almost'
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (at least since the time of last
scattering). Theoretical support for this belief comes from the so-called
Ehlers-Geren-Sachs Theorem. We show that a generalization of this theorem rules
out any strong magnetic fields in the Universe. Our theoretical result is
model-independent and includes the case of inhomogeneous magnetic fields,
complementing previous results. We thus prove that cosmic microwave background
observations severely constrain all types of primordial and protogalactic
magnetic fields in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 349 </DOCNO>
Ultrasound Attenuation in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$: an Angle-Resolved Study of the


  We present a study of the electronic ultrasound attenuation $\alpha$ in the
unconventional superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ . The power law behavior of
$\alpha$ at temperatures down to $T_c/30$ clearly indicates the presence of
nodes in the gap. In the normal state, we find an enormous anisotropy of
$\alpha$ in the basal plane of the tetragonal structure. In the superconducting
state, the temperature dependence of $\alpha$ also exhibits significant
anisotropy. We discuss these results in relation to possible gap functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1774 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Metastable Helium


  We have observed a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a dilute gas of $^4$He in the
$2^3S_1$ metastable state. We find a critical temperature of $(4.7\pm0.5) \mu$K
and a typical number of atoms at the threshold of $8\times10^6$. The maximum
number of atoms in our condensate is about $5\times10^5$. An approximate value
for the scattering length $a=(16\pm8)$ nm is measured. The elastic collision
rate is then estimated to be about $5\times10^4$ s$^{-1}$, indicating that we
are deeply in the hydrodynamic regime. The typical decay time of the condensate
is 2 s which places an upper bound on the rate constants for 2-body and 3-body
inelastic collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3635 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariant regularisation via SU(N|N)


  We construct a gauge invariant regularisation scheme for pure SU(N)
Yang-Mills theory in fixed dimension four or less (for N = infinity in all
dimensions), with a physical cutoff scale Lambda, by using covariant higher
derivatives and spontaneously broken SU(N|N) supergauge invariance. Providing
their powers are within certain ranges, the covariant higher derivatives cure
the superficial divergence of all but a set of one-loop graphs. The finiteness
of these latter graphs is ensured by properties of the supergroup and gauge
invariance. In the limit Lambda tends to infinity, all the regulator fields
decouple and unitarity is recovered in the renormalized pure SU(N) Yang-Mills
theory. By demonstrating these properties, we prove that the regularisation
works to all orders in perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72811 </DOCNO>
Drell-Yan Massive Lepton-Pair's Angular Distributions at Large $Q_T$


  By measuring Drell-Yan massive lepton-pair's angular distributions, we can
identify the polarization of the virtual photon of invariant mass $Q$ which
decays immediately into the lepton-pair. In terms of a modified QCD
factorization formula for Drell-Yan process, which is valid even if $Q_T\gg Q$,
we calculate the massive lepton-pair's angular distributions at large $Q_T$. We
find that the virtual photons produced at high $Q_T$ are more likely to be
transversely polarized. We discuss the implications of this finding to the
J/$\psi$ mesons' polarization measured recently at Fermilab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41423 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Strong Coupling Constant from Inclusive Jet


  We report a measurement of the strong coupling constant, $\alpha_s(M_Z)$,
extracted from inclusive jet production in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at
$\sqrt{s}=$1800 GeV. The QCD prediction for the evolution of $\alpha_s$ with
jet transverse energy $E_T$ is tested over the range 40<$E_T$<450 GeV using
$E_T$ for the renormalization scale. The data show good agreement with QCD in
the region below 250 GeV. In the text we discuss the data-theory comparison in
the region from 250 to 450 GeV. The value of $\alpha_s$ at the mass of the
$Z^0$ boson averaged over the range 40<$E_T$<250 GeV is found to be
$\alpha_s(M_{Z})= 0.1178 \pm 0.0001{(\rm stat)}^{+0.0081}_{-0.0095}{\rm (exp.
syst)}$. The associated theoretical uncertainties are mainly due to the choice
of renormalization scale ($^{+6%}_{-4%}$) and input parton distribution
functions (5%).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127602 </DOCNO>
Atomic and Molecular Gas in the Starburst Galaxy NGC4945


  Spatial and kinematical correlations between HI and CO (2-1) emission of the
southern spiral galaxy NGC4945 are studied with a common angular (23 arcsec)
and velocity resolution (7 km/s). The 21cm continuum emission is also observed.
The HI kinematics yield a galaxy mass of 1.4x10^{11} Mo within a radius of 380
arcsec, with molecular and neutral atomic gas each contributing 2%. Nuclear HI
absorption at velocities 80 km/s higher than systemic indicates gas flowing
towards the centre. HI features at each end of the major axis (R ~ 600 arcsec)
are interpreted as spiral arms that are viewed tangentially and that also cause
prominent emission features in the radio continuum, HI, and CO further inside
the galaxy. A central elongated region showing non-circular motions is
interpreted as a bar which fuels the nuclear starburst. HI and CO
position-velocity data have been analysed using linear resonance theory and
possible locations of resonances are identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74221 </DOCNO>
Mass Expansions of Screened Perturbation Theory


  The thermodynamics of massless phi^4-theory is studied within screened
perturbation theory (SPT). In this method the perturbative expansion is
reorganized by adding and subtracting a mass term in the Lagrangian. We
analytically calculate the pressure and entropy to three-loop order and the
screening mass to two-loop order, expanding in powers of m/T. The truncated
m/T-expansion results are compared with numerical SPT results for the pressure,
entropy and screening mass which are accurate to all orders in m/T. It is shown
that the m/T-expansion converges quickly and provides an accurate description
of the thermodynamic functions for large values of the coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125412 </DOCNO>
Distance measurements as a probe of cosmic acceleration


  A major recent evelopment in observational cosmology has been an accurate
measurement of the luminosity distance-redshift relation out to redshifts z=0.8
from Type Ia supernova standard candles. The results have been argued as
evidence for cosmic acceleration. It is well known that this assertion depends
on the assumption that we know the equation of state for all mass-energy other
than normal pressureless matter; popular models are based on either the
cosmological constant or on the more general quintessence formulation. But this
assertion also depends on a number of other assumptions, implicit in the
derivation of the standard cosmological field equations: large-scale isotropy
and homogeneity, the flatness of the Universe, and the validity of general
relativity on cosmological scales (where it has not been tested). A detailed
examination of the effects of these assumptions on the interplay between the
luminosity distance-redshift relation and the acceleration of the Universe is
not possible unless one can define the precise nature of the failure of any
particular assumption. However a simple quantitative investigation is possible
and reveals a number of considerations about the relative importance of the
different assumptions. In this paper we present such an investigation. We find
that the relationship between the distant-redshift relation and the sign of the
deceleration parameter is fairly robust and is unaffected if only one of the
assumptions that we investigate is invalid so long as the deceleration
parameter is not close to zero (it would not be close to zero in the
currently-favored Omega_Lambda = 1 - Omega_matter = 0.7 or 0.8 Universe, for
example). Failures of two or more assumptions in concordance may have stronger
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113536 </DOCNO>
Problems with "GR without SR: A gravitational-domain description of


  Einstein's goal of producing an advanced gravitational model that was
independent of special relativity's "non-gravitational" derivations has
arguably still not been achieved. The author produced a paper in 1998 outlining
a possible method of attack on the problem based on shift equivalence
principles ("Doppler mass shift"). Some problems with this paper have since
come to light. We list some further developments, some papers not cited in
gr-qc/9807084, some experimental results missed by the author, and identify a
problem with the paper's approach to aberration effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97868 </DOCNO>
Contact Singularities


  A contact singularity is a normal singularity $(V,0)$ together with a
holomorphic contact form $\eta$ on $V\backslash$ Sing $V$ in a neighbourhood of
0, i.e. $\eta\wedge (d\eta)^r$ has no zero, where dim $V=2r+1$. The main result
of this paper is that there are no isolated contact singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97645 </DOCNO>
Superintegrability in a two-dimensional space of non-constant curvature


  A Hamiltonian with two degrees of freedom is said to be superintegrable if it
admits three functionally independent integrals of the motion. This property
has been extensively studied in the case of two-dimensional spaces of constant
(possibly zero) curvature when all the independent integrals are either
quadratic or linear in the canonical momenta. In this article the first steps
are taken to solve the problem of superintegrability of this type on an
arbitrary curved manifold in two dimensions. This is done by examining in
detail one of the spaces of revolution found by G. Koenigs. We determine that
there are essentially three distinct potentials which when added to the free
Hamiltonian of this space have this type of superintegrability. Separation of
variables for the associated Hamilton-Jacobi and Schroedinger equations is
discussed. The classical and quantum quadratic algebras associated with each of
these potentials are determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179368 </DOCNO>
Multipole analysis for pion photoproduction with MAID and a dynamical


  Results of new analysis of pion photoproduction data obtained with Dynamical
and MAID models are presented

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149971 </DOCNO>
Integrable XYZ Model with Staggered Anisotropy Parameter


  We apply to the XYZ model the technique of construction of integrable models
with staggered parameters, presented recently for the XXZ case. The solution of
modified Yang-Baxter equations is found and the corresponding integrable
zig-zag ladder Hamiltonian is calculated. The result is coinciding with the XXZ
case in the appropriate limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75640 </DOCNO>
Cosmic microwave background and parametric resonance in reheating


  The variation of the perturbative 3-curvature parameter, \zeta, is
investigated in the period of reheating after inflation. The two-field model
used has the inflaton, with an extra scalar field coupled to it, and non-linear
effects of both fields are included as well as a slow decay mechanism into the
hydrodynamic fluid of the radiation era. Changes in \zeta occur and persist
into the succeeding cosmic eras to influence the generation of the cosmic
microwave background fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76636 </DOCNO>
QCD at High Energy


  I review few recent QCD results in $e^+e^-$, $ep$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions.
Furthermore, I discuss recent studies in power suppressed effects, ongoing
progress in next-to-next-to-leading QCD calculations, and some recent puzzling
results in $b$ production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6719 </DOCNO>
Microwave conductivity of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.99}$ including inelastic


  The fluctuation spectrum responsible for the inelastic scattering in
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.99}$ which was recently determined from consideration of the
in-plane optical conductivity in the infrared, is used to calculate the
temperature dependence of the microwave conductivity at several measured
frequencies. Reasonable overall agreement can only be achieved if, in addition,
some impurity scattering is included within a model potential intermediate
between weak (Born) and strong (unitary) limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77101 </DOCNO>
Kinetic equation for gluons at the early stage


  We derive the kinetic equation for pure gluon QCD plasma in a general way,
applying the background field method. We show that the quantum kinetic equation
contains a term as in the classical case, that describes a color charge
precession of partons moving in the gauge field. We emphasize that this new
term is necessary for the gauge covariance of the resulting equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128352 </DOCNO>
The stability of axisymmetric Taylor-Couette flow in hydromagnetics


  The linear marginal instability of an axisymmetric MHD Taylor-Couette flow of
infinite vertical extension is considered. The dependence of the flow stability
on magnetic Prandtl number, Pm, and gap-width between rotating cylinders is
investigated. There is an unstability for flows with resting outer cylinder
even without a magnetic field. Nevertheless, there are solutions with smaller
critical Reynolds numbers for certain (weak) magnetic fields. These solutions,
however, exist for not too small Pm or large enough gap. For hydrodynamically
stable flow, we found that a magnetic field amplitude always exsits where the
critical Reynolds number is minimal. In all calculated cases the minimal
critical Reynolds numbers are running with 1/Pm for small Pm and the critical
Reynolds numbers exceed value of 10^6 for Pm of sodium (10^{-5}) or gallium
(10^{-6}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81190 </DOCNO>
Theory of color confinement: state of the art


  The existing evidence for dual superconductivity as mechanism of color
confinement is reviewed. We also discuss what is known on the dual excitations,
which produce confinement by condensation, and what are the open problems

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148663 </DOCNO>
Matter Coupled F(4) Gauged Supergravity Lagrangian


  We construct the so far unknown Lagrangian of D=6, N=2 F(4) Supergravity
coupled to an arbitrary number of vector multiplets whose scalars span the
coset manifold SO(4,n)/{SO(4) x SO(n)}.
  This is done first in the ungauged case and then extended to the compact
gauging of SU(2) x G, where SU(2) is the R-symmetry diagonal subgroup of
SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R = SO(4) and G is a compact subgroup of SO(n), n being the
number of vector multiplets, and such that dim G = n.
  The knowledge of the Lagrangian allows in principle to refine the AdS_6/CFT_5
correspondence already discussed, as far as supersymmetric multiplets are
concerned, in a previous related paper. With respect to the latter we also give
a more exaustive treatment of the construction of the theory at the level of
superspace Bianchi identities and in particular of the scalar potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74926 </DOCNO>
Arrays is Space to detect Upward Tau and Highest Altitude Showers


  Ultra High Energy, UHE, upward Tau neutrinos Tau, anti-neutrino Tau, above
hundred TeVs and up to tens PeV energies, of relevant astrophysical nature, may
lead to UHE Taus and consequent Up-ward Tau air-Showers {UPTAUS} after
interaction on Earth crust surface. The UPTAUS discover may open a new UHE Tau
Neutrino Astrophysics. A new generation of Gamma, X, optical and Radio Arrays
in Space may discover, in the same Auger spirit, such up-coming Air-showers as
well as an additional Tau signal: the nearly Horizontal Tau AIR-Shower
{HORTAUS} originated by UHE neutrinos tau at 10^{19} eV energies arising from a
thin Earth crust corona at few tens of degree below the horizons; a degree
above the horizons, there should be over common diffused cosmic ray albedo, an
additional High Altitudes (nearly Horizontal) Showers {HIAS}, by more common
Cosmic Rays primaries at PeVs up to EeV and ZeV energies, both of hadronic or
of electro-magnetic $\gamma$ nature. Mini-arrays detectors in high Altitude
Balloons tails facing the horizons and the Earth below may also reveal both
UPTAUS, and HIAS, and more rarely HORTAUS. Gamma Burst, Cherenkov flashes and
rarer muons observed by high mountains peak arrays or high quota balloon array
may better probe UPTAUS and HORTAUS. Present and future X-Gamma satellites as
Beppo-Sax may be also able to discover HORTAUS and HIAS discovering transient
events by UHE source (as the Crab) while in occultation by Earth. Because of
the large shower distances and the Earth magnetic field, HIAS and HORTAUS
showers will be split in a {Twin-Beams} fan-shaped wide arc, orthogonal to the
terrestrial magnetic field, with a strong azimuths modulation. Gamma bursts
with rare single muons or neutrons at the horizon, associated with HIAS,
HORTAUS may be discovered by Glast and AMS satellite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 703 </DOCNO>
Segregation of granular binary mixtures by a ratchet mechanism


  We report on a segregation scheme for granular binary mixtures, where the
segregation is performed by a ratchet mechanism realized by a vertically shaken
asymmetric sawtooth-shaped base in a quasi-two-dimensional box. We have studied
this system by computer simulations and found that most binary mixtures can be
segregated using an appropriately chosen ratchet, even when the particles in
the two components have the same size, and differ only in their normal
restitution coefficient or friction coefficient. These results suggest that the
components of otherwise non-segregating granular mixtures may be separated
using our method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41243 </DOCNO>
Local Duality Predictions for x ~ 1 Structure Functions


  Recent data on the proton F2 structure function in the resonance region
suggest that local quark-hadron duality works remarkably well for each of the
low-lying resonances, including the elastic, to rather low values of Q^2. Using
quark-hadron duality we derive model-independent relations between structure
functions at x -> 1 and elastic electromagnetic form factors. The x -> 1
behavior of nucleon polarization asymmetries and the neutron to proton
structure function ratios are predicted from available data on the nucleon
electric and magnetic form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128456 </DOCNO>
J06587-5558 -- A Very Unusual Polarised Radio Source


  We have found a peculiar radio source in the field of one of the hottest
known clusters of galaxies 1E0657-56. It is slightly extended, highly polarised
(54% at 8.8GHz) and has a very steep spectrum, with alpha ~ -1 at 1.3 GHz,
steepening to ~ -1.5 at 8.8GHz (S \propto nu^alpha). No extragalactic sources
are known with such high integrated polarisation, and sources with spectra as
steep as this are rare. In this paper, we report the unusual properties of the
source J06587-5558 and speculate on its origin and optical identification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148489 </DOCNO>
Deconstructing de Sitter


  Semiclassical gravity predicts that de Sitter space has a finite entropy. We
suggest a picture for Euclidean de Sitter space in string theory, and use the
AdS/CFT correspondence to argue that de Sitter entropy can be understood as the
number of degrees of freedom in a quantum mechanical dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4410 </DOCNO>
Importance of Correlation Effects on Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe and Ni


  We calculate magnetic anisotropy energy of Fe and Ni by taking into account
the effects of strong electronic correlations, spin-orbit coupling, and
non-collinearity of intra--atomic magnetization. The LDA+U method is used and
its equivalence to dynamical mean--field theory in the static limit is
emphasized. Both experimental magnitude of MAE and direction of magnetization
are predicted correctly near U=1.9 eV, J=1.2 eV for Ni and U=1.2 eV, J=0.8 eV
for Fe. Correlations modify the one--electron spectra which are now in better
agreement with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123739 </DOCNO>
Galaxy mass distributions for some extreme orbital-speed Profiles


  Extreme speed profiles, that are impossible to anayze correctly using the
usual methods, are shown to be easily handled using the methods developed
previously by Nicholson (astro-ph/0006330). These profiles are constant orbital
speeds with sharp and smooth ramps at the origin, and constant angular velocity
with speeds increasing linearly to the galaxy rim. Also an example using
measured data for a real galaxy is shown for NGC 3198. A new format is
presented to show results in dimensionless form, that includes a way to show
SMD results so they are easily compared. Based on repeated trials for accuracy,
the rod representing the mass of a fundamental segment is now placed at
0.575*dr at the center ring of a galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125491 </DOCNO>
Open, Massive and Globular Clusters - Part of the same family?


  Populations of young star clusters show significant differences even among
"normal" disk galaxies. In this contribution I discuss how properties of young
cluster systems are related to those of their host galaxies, based on a recent
study of clusters in a sample of 22 nearby spiral galaxies. Luminous young
clusters similar to the "super" star clusters observed in starbursts and
mergers exist in several of these galaxies, and it is found that the luminosity
of the brightest star cluster as well as the specific luminosity of the cluster
systems both correlate well with the host galaxy star formation rate. When
considering star clusters in different environments the traditional distinction
between "open", "massive" and "globular" clusters breaks down, underscoring the
need for a universal physical description of cluster formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129429 </DOCNO>
Merging Massive Star Clusters as Building Blocks of Dwarf Galaxies ?


  Recent spectroscopic observations of galaxies in the Fornax-Cluster reveal
nearly unresolved `star-like' objects with red-shifts appropriate to the
Fornax-Cluster. These objects have intrinsic sizes of about 100 pc and absolute
B-band magnitudes in the range -14 < M_B < -11.5 mag and lower limits for the
central surface brightness mu_B >= 23 mag/arcsec^2 (Phillipps et al. 2001,
Hilker et al. 1999), and so appear to constitute a new population of
ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs). Such compact dwarfs were predicted to form
from the amalgamation of stellar super-clusters (= clusters of star clusters;
not to confuse with super stellar clusters (SSC)) by P. Kroupa (1998), which
are rich aggregates of young massive star clusters (YMCs) that can form in
collisions between gas-rich galaxies. Here we present the evolution of
super-clusters in a tidal field. The YMCs merge on a few super-cluster crossing
times. Super-clusters that are initially as concentrated and massive as Knot S
in the interacting Antennae galaxies (Whitmore et al. 1999) evolve to merger
objects that are long-lived and show properties comparable to the newly
discovered UCDs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74240 </DOCNO>
x_F-dependence of J/Psi suppression in pA collisions


  Coherence effects are important in the description of collisions with
extended objects as nuclei. At fixed target energies and small x_F, the
coherence length of the fluctuation containing the $c\bar c$ is small and the
usual nuclear absorption model is valid. However, at higher energies and/or x_F
the nucleus is seen as a whole by the fluctuation. In this case, the total, not
the absorptive, $c\bar c-N$ cross section controls the suppression and also
shadowing of gluons appears. We propose that the growth of the coherence length
can explain the x_F-dependence of present experimental data. For this, we need
a ratio of absorptive over total $c\bar c-N$ cross section of 0.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124341 </DOCNO>
Two-colour photometric selection of high redshift galaxies


  In this paper we describe a set of models to predict the colours of galaxies
over a wide range of redshifts. We present example output from the simulations,
and discuss their application to the selection of galaxies at high redshifts,
particularly through identification of the Lyman break. Additionally we
consider the optimal choices of filters for selection at a range of redshifts.
  An interface to a subset of the simulations has been made available on the
World Wide Web for the benefit of the community at the location
http://www-astro.physics.ox.ac.uk/~rejs/research/galcols.html.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72768 </DOCNO>
Primordial Galactic Magnetic Fields: An Application of QCD Domain Walls


  We present a mechanism for generating primordial magnetic fields with large
correlation lengths on the order of 100 kpc today. The mechanism is based on
recently conjectured QCD domain walls or similar CP violating domain walls with
QCD scale structure. Such domain walls align the electric and magnetic dipole
moments of the nucleons shortly after the QCD phase transition, producing
electromagnetic fields correlated along the domain walls. Through the Kibble
mechanism, the domain walls attain Hubble-scale correlations which they
transfer to the aligned electromagnetic fields. Due to the CP violation, the
Hubble-scale walls produce helical (non-zero Chern-Simons) magnetohydrodynamic
turbulence which then undergoes an inverse cascade, allowing the correlation
lengths to grow to 100 kpc today. We present an estimate the magnitude of the
generated electromagnetic fields in terms of the QCD parameters. We also
discuss some other unexplained astrophysical phenomena which may be related to
this mechanism. In particular, we discuss the relation between primordial
magnetic fields and the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff violations. We
also outline how, by creating inhomogeneities in the nucleon density, QCD
domain walls may lead to inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis (IBBN)
explaining the Omega_B excess recently measured through cosmic microwave
background (CMB) distortions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86097 </DOCNO>
From Fractal Cosmography to Fractal Cosmology


  Assuming a fractal distribution of matter in the universe, consequences that
follow from the General Theory of Relativity and the Copernican Principle for
fractal cosmology are examined. The change in perspective necessary to deal
with a fractal universe is highlighted. An ansatz that provides a concrete
application of the Conditional Cosmological Principle is provided. This fractal
cosmology is obtained by arguments closely following those used in standard
cosmology. The resulting model may play a significant role in the debate on
whether the universe is a fractal or crosses over to homogeneity at some scale.
This model may also be regarded as an idealized fractal model around which more
realistic models may be built.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2304 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect in d-wave superconductors


  We present theoretical investigation of a single magnetic impurity in a
d-wave superconductor using the large N limit. It is shown that the Kondo
screening occurs only in the presence of the particle-hole asymmetry. We find
analytical expressions for the Kondo temperature, magnetic susceptibility and
scattering matrix near the phase transition. The results are generalized for
the density of states vanishing with an arbitrary exponent. Also we briefly
study the modifications of the theory for the case of a non-magnetic impurity
which induces a staggered spin configuration on the nearby copper atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41084 </DOCNO>
Quartic Gauge Boson Couplings Results at LEP


  The study of charged and neutral boson vertices has been performed in
different production channels at the LEP experiments. Decay rates and kinematic
properties of these events are exploited to set constraints on the
corresponding gauge couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2478 </DOCNO>
Random regularization of Brown spectral measure


  We generalize a recent result of Haagerup; namely we show that a convolution
with a standard Gaussian random matrix regularizes behaviour of
Kadison--Fuglede determinant and Brown spectral distribution measure. In this
way it is possible to establish a connection between limit eigenvalues
distributions of a wide class of random matrices and the Brown measure of the
corresponding limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129047 </DOCNO>
Probing the pc- and kpc-scale environment of the powerful radio galaxy


  We present the kpc-scale behaviour of the powerful extragalactic radio source
Hercules A and the behaviour of the intracluster gas in which the radio source
is situated. We have found that Hercules A exhibits a strong Laing-Garrington
effect. The X-ray observations have revealed an extended X-ray emission
elongated along the radio galaxy axis. The estimated temperature of the cluster
is kT = 2.45 keV and the central electron density is no~7.8 x 10^(-3) cm^(-3)
which reveals a hot, dense environment in which Hercules A is situated. From
the combined study of the radio and X-ray data we have estimated a central
value of 3<Bo (muG)<9. We also present the most recent results from the
analysis of the radio data on the pc-scale structure of the radio galaxy,
observed at 18 cm by the EVN-MERLIN array. A faint but compact radio source,
coincident with the optical centre of Hercules A was detected by the EVN at 18
mas resolution. The total flux density of the EVN core is 14.6 mJy. Its angular
size is 18 x 7 mas with a position angle of ~139 degrees. There is also
evidence for extended emission in the NW-SE direction, most probably from the
eastern pc-scale jet. If this is true then there is a misalignment between the
direction of the pc-eastern and the aligned kpc-scale jets of ~35 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168351 </DOCNO>
Effects of twin-beam squashed light on a three-level atom


  An electro-optical feedback loop can make in-loop light (squashed light)
which produces a photocurrent with noise below the standard quantum limit (such
as squeezed light). We investigate the effect of squashed light interacting
with a three-level atom in the cascade configuration and compare it to the
effects produced by squeezed light and classical noise. It turns out that one
master equation can be formulated for all three types of light and that this
unified formalism can also be applied to the evolution of a two-level atom. We
show that squashed light does not mimic all aspects of squeezed light, and in
particular, it does not produce the characteristic linear intensity dependence
of the population of the upper-most level of the cascade three-level atom.
Nevertheless, it has nonclassical transient effects in the de-excitation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6077 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium shapes of flat knots


  We study the equilibrium shapes of prime and composite knots confined to two
dimensions. Using rigorous scaling arguments we show that, due to self-avoiding
effects, the topological details of prime knots are localised on a small
portion of the larger ring polymer. Within this region, the original knot
configuration can assume a hierarchy of contracted shapes, the dominating one
given by just one small loop. This hierarchy is investigated in detail for the
flat trefoil knot, and corroborated by Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41385 </DOCNO>
MSSM SUGRA searches at LEP


  During the LEP2 operation, the 4 LEP experiments have collected data at
centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV. Those data have been analysed in the
search of charginos, neutralinos and sfermions in the framework of the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with R-parity conservation and assuming
the lightest neutralino to be the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle
(SUGRA-model). No evidence for a signal was found in any of the channels. The
results of each search were used to derive upper limits on production
cross-sections and masses. In addition, the combined result of all searches
excludes regions in the parameter space of the constrained MSSM, leading to
limits on the mass of the LSP. All limits are given at 95% confidence level,
all results are preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73815 </DOCNO>
The Color Glass Condensate and Small x Physics: 4 Lectures


  The Color Glass Condensate is a state of high density gluonic matter which
controls the high energy limit of hadronic matter. These lectures begin with a
discussion of general problems of high energy strong interactions. The infinite
momentum frame description of a single hadron at very small x is developed, and
this picture is applied to the description of ultrarelativistic nuclear
collisions. Recent developments in the renormalization group description of the
Color Glass Condensate are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97266 </DOCNO>
The spectral measure of certain elements of the complex group ring of a


  We use elementary methods to compute the L2-dimension of the eigenspaces of
the Markov operator on the lamplighter group and of generalizations of this
operator on other groups. In particular, we give a transparent explanation of
the spectral measure of the Markov operator on the lamplighter group found by
Grigorchuk-Zuk. The latter result was used by Grigorchuk-Linnell-Schick-Zuk to
produce a counterexample to a strong version of the Atiyah conjecture about the
range of L2-Betti numbers. We use our results to construct manifolds with
certain L2-Betti numbers (given as convergent infinite sums of rational
numbers) which are not obviously rational, but we have been unable to determine
whether any of them are irrational.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86786 </DOCNO>
The collision of two slowly rotating, initially non boosted, black holes


  We study the collision of two slowly rotating, initially non boosted, black
holes in the close limit. A ``punctures'' modification of the Bowen - York
method is used to construct conformally flat initial data appropriate to the
problem. We keep only the lowest nontrivial orders capable of giving rise to
radiation of both gravitational energy and angular momentum. We show that even
with these simplifications an extension to higher orders of the linear
Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli black hole perturbation theory, is required to deal with
the evolution equations of the leading contributing multipoles. This extension
is derived, together with appropriate extensions of the Regge-Wheeler and
Zerilli equations. The data is numerically evolved using these equations, to
obtain the asymptotic gravitational wave forms and amplitudes. Expressions for
the radiated gravitational energy and angular momentum are derived and used
together with the results of the numerical evolution to provide quantitative
expressions for the relative contribution of different terms, and their
significance is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174792 </DOCNO>
Proton capture cross section of Sr isotopes and their importance for


  The (p,$\gamma$) cross sections of three stable Sr isotopes have been
measured in the astrophysically relevant energy range. These reactions are
important for the $p$-process in stellar nucleosynthesis and, in addition, the
reaction cross sections in the mass region up to 100 are also of importance
concerning the $rp$-process associated with explosive hydrogen and helium
burning. It is speculated that this $rp$-process could be responsible for a
certain amount of $p$-nuclei in this mass region. The (p,$\gamma$) cross
sections of $^{84,86,87}$Sr isotopes were determined using an activation
technique. The measurements were carried out at the 5 MV Van de Graaff
accelerator of the ATOMKI, Debrecen. The resulting cross sections are compared
with the predictions of statistical model calculations. The predictions are in
good agreement with the experimental results for $^{84}$Sr(p,$\gamma$)$^{85}$Y
whereas the other two reactions exhibit differences that increase with mass
number. The corresponding astrophysical reaction rates have also been computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96932 </DOCNO>
Recursion categories of coalgebras


  We construct recursion categories from categories of coalgebras. Let $F$ be a
nontrivial endofunctor on the category of sets that weakly preserves pullbacks
and such that the category $\textbf{Set}_F$ of $F$-coalgebras is complete. The
category $\textbf{Set}_F$ may be embedded in the category $\mathbf{Pfn}_F$ of
$F$-coalgebras and partial morphisms, which is a $P$-category that is
prodominical but not dominical in general. An existence theorem of A. Heller is
applied to certain subcategories of $\textbf{Pfn}_F$ to obtain examples of
recursion categories of coalgebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168195 </DOCNO>
Convexity and the Separability Problem of Quantum Mechanical Density


  A finite dimensional quantum mechanical system is modeled by a density rho, a
trace one, positive semi-definite matrix on a suitable tensor product space
H[N] . For the system to demonstrate experimentally certain non-classical
behavior, rho cannot be in S, a closed convex set of densities whose extreme
points have a specificed tensor product form. Two mathematical problems in the
quantum computing literature arise from this context: (1) the determination
whether a given rho is in S and (2) a measure of the ``entanglement'' of such a
rho in terms of its distance from S. In this paper we describe these two
problems in detail for a linear algebra audience, discuss some recent results
from the quantum computing literature, and prove some new results.We emphasize
the roles of densities rho as both operators on the Hilbert space H[N] and also
as points in a real Hilbert space M. We are able to compute the nearest
separable densities tau0 to rho0 in particular classes of inseparable densities
and we use the Euclidean distance between the two in M to quantify the
entanglement of rho0. We also show the role of tau0 in the construction of
separating hyperplanes, so-called entanglement witnesses in the quantum
computing literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77025 </DOCNO>
Coherent electromagnetic processes in relativistic heavy ion collisions


  Using the strong electromagnetic fields in peripheral heavy ion collisions
gives rise to a number of interesting possibilities of applications in both
photon-photon and photon-hadron physics. We look at the theoretical foundations
of the equivalent photon approximation and the specific problems in the heavy
ion case. The interesting physics processes that can be studied in this way are
outlined. Electron positron pair production plays a special role. We look at
multiple pair production and Coulomb corrections as typical strong field
effects. But electron positron pair production is also an important loss
process and has some practical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86058 </DOCNO>
Null Singularities in Colliding Waves


  Colliding Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar fields need not necessarily doomed to
become in a spacelike singularity. Examples are given in which null
singularities emerge as intermediate stages between a spacelike singularity and
a regular horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76589 </DOCNO>
Can structure formation influence the cosmological evolution?


  The backreaction of density fluctuations influences the cosmological
evolution equation for the homogenous and isotropic average metric. In a cold
dark matter universe this effect leads only to small corrections unless a
substantial fraction of matter is located in regions where strong gravitational
fields evolve in time. In presence of a scalar ``cosmon'' field mediating
quintessence, however, cosmology could be modified if local cosmon fluctuations
grow large. We speculate that this may trigger the accelerated expansion of the
universe after the formation of structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85943 </DOCNO>
Exact relativistic treatment of stationary counter-rotating dust disks


  This is the third in a series of papers on the construction of explicit
solutions to the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations which can be
interpreted as counter-rotating disks of dust. We discuss the physical
properties of a class of solutions to the Einstein equations for disks with
constant angular velocity and constant relative density which was constructed
in the first part. The metric for these spacetimes is given in terms of theta
functions on a Riemann surface of genus 2. It is parameterized by two physical
parameters, the central redshift and the relative density of the two
counter-rotating streams in the disk. We discuss the dependence of the metric
on these parameters using a combination of analytical and numerical methods.
Interesting limiting cases are the Maclaurin disk in the Newtonian limit, the
static limit which gives a solution of the Morgan and Morgan class and the
limit of a disk without counter-rotation. We study the mass and the angular
momentum of the spacetime. At the disk we discuss the energy-momentum tensor,
i.e. the angular velocities of the dust streams and the energy density of the
disk. The solutions have ergospheres in strongly relativistic situations. The
ultrarelativistic limit of the solution in which the central redshift diverges
is discussed in detail: In the case of two counter-rotating dust components in
the disk, the solutions describe a disk with diverging central density but
finite mass. In the case of a disk made up of one component, the exterior of
the disks can be interpreted as the extreme Kerr solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149546 </DOCNO>
The Minimal Unitary Representation of E_8(8)


  We give a new construction of the minimal unitary representation of the
exceptional group E_8(8) on a Hilbert space of complex functions in 29
variables. Due to their manifest covariance with respect to the E_7(7) subgroup
of E_8(8) our formulas are simpler than previous realizations, and thus well
suited for applications in supergravity and superstring theory. One possible
application arises in the context of the conformal quantum mechanics
description of extremal black holes in maximally extended supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97905 </DOCNO>
Spiked harmonic oscillators


  A complete variational treatment is provided for a family of spiked-harmonic
oscillator Hamiltonians H = -d^2/dx^2 + B x^2 + lambda/x^alpha, B > 0, lambda >
0, for arbitrary alpha > 0. A compact topological proof is presented that the
set S = {psi_n} of known exact solutions for alpha = 2 constitutes an
orthonormal basis for the Hilbert space L_2(0, infinity). Closed-form
expressions are derived for the matrix elements of H with respect to S. These
analytical results, and the inclusion of a further free parameter, facilitate
optimized variational estimation of the eigenvalues of H to high accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99174 </DOCNO>
An intrinsic characterization of p-symmetric Heegaard splittings


  We show that every p-fold strictly-cyclic branched covering of a b-bridge
link in the 3-sphere admits a p-symmetric Heegaard splitting of genus
g=(b-1)(p-1). This gives a complete converse to a result of Birman and Hilden,
and gives an intrinsic characterization of p-symmetric Heegaard splittings as
p-fold strictly-cyclic branched coverings of links.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148458 </DOCNO>
Anomalies on Orbifolds


  We discuss the form of the chiral anomaly on an S1/Z2 orbifold with chiral
boundary conditions. We find that the 4-divergence of the higher-dimensional
current evaluated at a given point in the extra dimension is proportional to
the probability of finding the chiral zero mode there. Nevertheless the
anomaly, appropriately defined as the five dimensional divergence of the
current, lives entirely on the orbifold fixed planes and is independent of the
shape of the zero mode. Therefore long distance four dimensional anomaly
cancellation ensures the consistency of the higher dimensional orbifold theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97176 </DOCNO>
Homfly Polynomials of Generalized Hopf Links


  Following the recent work by T.-H. Chan in [HOMFLY polynomial of some
generalized Hopf links, J. Knot Theory Ramif. 9 (2000) 865--883] on reverse
string parallels of the Hopf link we give an alternative approach to finding
the Homfly polynomials of these links, based on the Homfly skein of the
annulus. We establish that two natural skein maps have distinct eigenvalues,
answering a question raised by Chan, and use this result to calculate the
Homfly polynomial of some more general reverse string satellites of the Hopf
link.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5239 </DOCNO>
Phase fluctuations in atomic Bose gases


  We improve on the Popov theory for partially Bose-Einstein condensed atomic
gases by treating the phase fluctuations exactly. As a result, the theory
becomes valid in arbitrary dimensions and is able to describe the
low-temperature crossover between three, two and one-dimensional Bose gases,
which is currently being explored experimentally. We consider both homogeneous
and trapped Bose gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7119 </DOCNO>
Spatial Fluctuations of the Order Parameter in P-Wave Superconductors


  The effect of nonmagnetic disorder on the pairing amplitude is studied by
means of a perturbation method. Using an extended one band Hubbard model with
an intersite attraction we analyze various solutions of p-wave pairing symmetry
and discuss their instability calculating fluctuations of order parameter. The
model is applied to describe the effect of disorder in Sr2RuO4. The results
shows that the real solution with line nodes can be favoured by disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123802 </DOCNO>
The X-ray surface brightness distribution from diffuse gas


  We use simulations to predict the X-ray surface brightness distribution
arising from hot, cosmologically distributed diffuse gas. The distribution is
computed for two bands: 0.5-2 keV and 0.1-0.4 keV, using a
cosmological-constant dominated cosmology that fits many other observations. We
examine a number of numerical issues such as resolution, simulation volume and
pixel size and show that the predicted mean background is sensitive to
resolution such that higher resolution systematically increases the mean
predicted background. Although this means that we can compute only lower bounds
to the predicted level, these bounds are already quite restrictive. Since the
observed extra-galactic X-ray background is mostly accounted for by compact
sources, the amount of the observed background attributable to diffuse gas is
tightly constrained. We show that without physical processes in addition to
those included in the simulations (such as radiative cooling or
non-gravitational heating), both bands exceed observational limits. In order to
examine the effect of non-gravitational heating we explore a simple modeling of
energy injection and show that substantial amounts of heating are required
(i.e. 5 keV per particle when averaged over all baryons). Finally, we also
compute the distribution of surface brightness on the sky and show that it has
a well-resolved characteristic shape. This shape is substantially modified by
non-gravitational heating and can be used as a probe of such energy injection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86153 </DOCNO>
Compensation for thermal effects in mirrors of Gravitational Wave


  In this paper we study several means of compensating for thermal lensing
which, otherwise, should be a source of concern for future upgrades of
interferometric detectors of gravitational waves. The methods we develop are
based on the principle of heating the cold parts of the mirrors. We find that
thermal compensation can help a lot but can not do miracles. It seems finally
that the best strategy for future upgrades (``advanced configurations'') is
maybe to use thermal compensation together with another substrate materials
than Silica, for example Sapphire.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98348 </DOCNO>
Renormalization and Essential Singularity


  In usual dimensional counting, momentum has dimension one. But a function
f(x), when differentiated n times, does not always behave like one with its
power smaller by n. This inevitable uncertainty may be essential in general
theory of renormalization, including quantum gravity. As an example, we
classify possible singularities of a potential for the Schr\"{o}dinger
equation, assuming that the potential V has at least one $C^2$ class eigen
function. The result crucially depends on the analytic property of the eigen
function near its 0 point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148579 </DOCNO>
On off-shell structure of open string sigma model


  We analyze several problems related to off-shell structure of open string
sigma model by using a combination of derivative expansion and expansion in
powers of the fields. According to the sigma model approach to bosonic open
string theory, the tachyon effective action $S(T)$ coincides with the
renormalized partition function $Z(T)$ of sigma model on a disk, up to a term
vanishing on shell. On the other hand, $Z(T)$ is a generating functional of
perturbative open string scattering amplitudes. If $S(T) = Z(T)$, then there
should be no contribution of exchange diagrams to string amplitudes computed
using $S(T)$. We compute the cubic term in the effective action, and show that
it vanishes if some but not all external legs are on shell, and, therefore, any
exchange diagram involving the cubic term vanishes too. Then, we discuss a
problem of turning on nonrenormalizable boundary interactions, corresponding to
massive string modes. We compute the quadratic term for a symmetric tensor
field, and show that despite nonrenormalizability of the model one can
consistently remove all divergent terms, and obtain a quadratic action
reproducing the on-shell condition for the field. We also briefly discuss
fermionic (NS) sigma model, compute the tachyon quadratic term, and show that
it reproduces the correct tachyon mass. We note that turning on a massive
symmetric tensor field leads to the appearance of a term linear in it, which
can be removed by adding a higher-derivative term to the boundary of the disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128501 </DOCNO>
Are dwarf spheroidal galaxies dark matter dominated or remnants of


  The failure of standard cosmolocical models in accounting for the statistics
of dwarf satellites and the rotation curve of gas-rich dwarf galaxies in detail
has led us to examine whether earlier non-equilibrium models of dwarf
spheroidal satellites without any dark matter should be reconsidered in more
detail. Such models can explain the high dispersion of the dwarf spheroids by
the projection of disrupted tidal debris. We show in the case of Milky Way
satellites, that these models predict a significant spread in the apparent
magnitude of horizontal branch stars which is correlated with sky position and
velocity. In particular, the models produce a strong correlation of radial
velocity with the long axis of the dwarf. Current data do not set strong enough
constraints on the models, but we suggest that photometric and spectroscopic
surveys of extra-tidal stars of nearby dwarf spheroids in the Milky Way and
Andromeda can falsify these models without dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 647 </DOCNO>
Effective action for bubble nucleation rates


  We develop a method to calculate the prefactor in the expression for the
bubble nucleation rate. A fermion with Yukawa coupling is considered where a
step potential can be used as a good approximation in the thin wall limit.
Corrections due to thicker walls are considered by perturbing about the thin
wall case. We derive the thermal one loop effective action, calculating it
numerically, and find that the prefactor in the nucleation rate can both
suppress and enhance, for a given temperature, when the usual renormalisation
conditions are applied to the effective potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168512 </DOCNO>
A (Classical) Representation for a Spin-S Entity as a compound system in


  We generalize the results of [B. Coecke, Helv. Phys. Acta 68, 396 (1995)] for
the representation of coherent states of a spin-1 entity to spin-S entities
with S>1 and to non-coherent spin states: through the introduction of 'hidden
correlations' (see quant-ph/0105093) we introduce a representation for a spin-S
entity as a compound system consisting of 2S 'individual' spin-1/2 entities,
each of them represented by a 'proper state', and such that we are able to
consider a measurement on the spin-S entity as a measurement on each of the
individual spin-1/2 entities. If the spin-S entity is in a maximal spin state,
the 2S individual spin-1/2 entities behave as a collection of indistinguishable
but separated entities. If not so, we have to introduce the same kind of hidden
correlations as required for a hidden correlation representation of a compound
quantum systems described by a symmetrical superposition. Moreover, by applying
the Majorana representation and Aerts' representation for a spin-1/2 entity,
this hidden correlation representation yields a classical mechanistic
representation of a spin-S entity in R^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5504 </DOCNO>
Hard core particle exclusion effects in low dimensional non-equilibrium


  We review the currently known universality classes of continuous phase
transitions to absorbing states in nonequilibrium systems and present results
of simulations and arguments to show how the blockades introduced by different
particle species in one dimension cause new robust classes. Results of
investigations on the dynamic scaling behavior of some bosonic spreading models
are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85706 </DOCNO>
Spin and statistics in quantum gravity


  We present a review of the spin and statistics of topological geons,
particles in 3+1 quantum gravity. They can have half-odd-integral spin and
fermionic statistics and since the underlying gravitational field is tensorial
and bosonic, this is an example of ``emergent'' non-trivial spin and statistics
as displayed by familiar non-gravitating objects such as skyrmions. We give the
topological background and show that in a ``canonical'' quantization of gravity
there is no spin-statistics correlation for topological geons. Allowing the
topology of space to change, for example in a sum-over-histories approach,
raises the possibility that a spin-statistics correlation can be recovered for
geons. We review a conjectured set of rules powerful enough to give such a
spin-statistics correlation for all topological geons. These would appear to
rule out the possibility of parastatistics and may rule out spinorial and
fermionic geons altogether.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41133 </DOCNO>
School Cosmic Ray Outreach Detector (SCROD)


  We report on our studies of applying novel detector technologies developed
for LHC-era experiments to cosmic ray detection. In particular, we are
investigating usage of scintillating tiles with embedded wavelength-shifting
fibers and avalanche photodiode readout as part of a robust, inexpensive cosmic
air shower detector. In the near future, we are planning to deploy detector
stations based on this technology at area high schools and colleges as part of
an outreach and education effort, known as SCROD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41594 </DOCNO>
Observation of CP violation in the $B^0$ system


  The BABAR detector, operating at energies near the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance
at the PEP-II asymmetric $B$ Factory at SLAC, has collected a sample of 32
million $B\bar B$ pairs by May 2001. A study of time-dependent CP-violating
asymmetries in events where one neutral $B$ meson is fully reconstructed in a
final state containing charmonium has resulted in the measurement
$\sin2\beta=0.59 \pm 0.14 {\rm (stat)} \pm 0.05 {\rm (syst)}$, which
establishes CP violation in the $B^0$ meson system at the 4$\sigma$ level. $B$
lifetime and mixing measurements from a sub-sample of 23 million $B\bar B$
pairs are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81295 </DOCNO>
An new order parameter with renormalized Polyakov loops


  It is well established that physical quantities like the heavy quark
potentials get temperature independent at sufficiently short distances. As a
first application of this feature we suggest a new order parameter for the
confinement/deconfinement phase transition. Our investigations are based on
recent lattice studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5246 </DOCNO>
Separation of time-scales and reparametrization invariance for aging


  We show that the effective action describing the slow dynamics of glassy
systems is invariant under reparametrizations of the time scales. This result
is general and applies for both infinite and short range models alike. It
follows simply from the constraints of unitarity and causality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124321 </DOCNO>
X-ray Emitting Groups in the Infall Region of Abell 2199


  Using a large redshift survey covering 95 square degrees, we demonstrate that
the infall region of Abell 2199 contains Abell 2197, one or two X-ray emitting
groups, and up to five additional groups identified in redshift surveys. Our
survey shows that the X-ray emitting systems, located at projected radii of
$1.^\circ4, 1.^\circ9$, and $5.^\circ1$ (2.2, 3.1, and $8.0 h^{-1}$Mpc), are
connected kinematically to A2199. A2197 is itself an optically rich cluster;
its weak X-ray emission suggests that it is much less massive than A2199. The
absence of a sharp peak in the infall pattern at the position of A2197 supports
this hypothesis. The outermost group is well outside the virial region of A2199
and it distorts the infall pattern in redshift space. The two X-ray emitting
groups are roughly colinear, suggesting the existence of an extended ($8.0
h^{-1}$Mpc) filament. The identification of these infalling groups provides
direct support of hierarchical structure formation; studies of these systems
will provide insights into structure evolution. Groups in the infall regions of
nearby clusters may offer a unique probe of the physics of the warm/hot ionized
medium (WHIM) which is difficult to observe directly with current instruments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168505 </DOCNO>
From gauge transformations to topology computation in quantum lattice


  The evolution of a quantum lattice gas automaton (LGA) for a single charged
particle is invariant under multiplication of the wave function by a global
phase. Requiring invariance under the corresponding local gauge transformations
determines the rule for minimal coupling to an arbitrary external
electromagnetic field. We develop the Aharonov-Bohm effect in the resulting
model into a constant time algorithm to distinguish a one dimensional periodic
lattice from one with boundaries; any classical deterministic LGA algorithm
distinguishing these two spatial topologies would have expected running time on
the order of the cardinality of the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4333 </DOCNO>
Efficient Quantum Computing of Complex Dynamics


  We propose a quantum algorithm which uses the number of qubits in an optimal
way and efficiently simulates a physical model with rich and complex dynamics
described by the quantum sawtooth map. The numerical study of the effect of
static imperfections in the quantum computer hardware shows that the main
elements of the phase space structures are accurately reproduced up to a time
scale which is polynomial in the number of qubits. The errors generated by
these imperfections are more dangerous than the errors of random noise in gate
operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73872 </DOCNO>
Decay of accelerated protons and the existence of the


  We investigate the weak decay of uniformly {\em accelerated protons} in the
context of {\em standard} Quantum Field Theory. Because the mean {\em proper}
lifetime of a particle is a scalar, the same value for this observable must be
obtained in the inertial and coaccelerated frames. We are only able to achieve
this equality by considering the Fulling-Davies-Unruh effect. This reflects the
fact that the Fulling-Davies-Unruh effect is mandatory for the consistency of
Quantum Field Theory. There is no question about its existence provided one
accepts the validity of standard Quantum Field Theory in flat spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123396 </DOCNO>
The VIRMOS-VLT Deep Survey


  The aim of the VIRMOS VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) is to study of the evolution of
galaxies, large scale structures and AGNs from a sample of more than 150,000
galaxies with measured redshifts in the range 0<z<5+. The VVDS will rely on the
VIMOS and NIRMOS wide field multi-object spectrographs, which the VIRMOS
consortium is delivering to ESO. Together, they offer unprecedented multiplex
capability in the wavelength range 0.37-1.8microns, allowing for large surveys
to be carried out. The VVDS has several main aspects: (1) a deep multi-color
imaging survey over 18deg^2 of more than one million galaxies, (2) a "wide"
spectroscopic survey with more than 130,000 redshifts measured for objects
brighter than IAB=22.5 over 18deg^2, (3) a "deep" survey with 50,000 redshifts
measured to IAB=24, (4) ultra-deep" surveys with several thousand redshifts
measured to IAB=25, (5) multi-wavelength observations with the VLA and XMM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125133 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Plane of Elliptical Galaxies in Compact Groups


  We present a study focusing on the nature of compact groups through the study
of their elliptical galaxies. We determine velocity dispersions ($\sigma$) for
18 18 bright elliptical galaxies located in the core of Hickson compact groups
and a control sample of 12 bright bona fide ellipticals located in the field or
very loose groups. Several tests are carried out to avoid sources of systematic
effects in $\sigma$ measurements. We use these velocity dispersions to compare
the position of 11 compact group galaxies in the Fundamental Plane to that of a
large and homogeneous sample of elliptical galaxies (Burstein et al. 1987). We
find that little or no significant difference exists, as far as the Fundamental
Plane is concerned, between ellipticals in compact groups and their
counterparts in other environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127712 </DOCNO>
Emission from the secondary star in the old CV WZ Sge


  We present the first detection of the mass donor star in the cataclysmic
variable WZ Sge. Phase resolved spectroscopy reveals narrow Balmer emission
components from the irradiated secondary star during the 2001 outburst. Its
radial velocity curve indicates a systemic velocity of -72 +/- 3 km/s and an
apparent velocity amplitude of K_2_app=493 +/- 10 km/s. Doppler tomography
reveals a highly asymmetric accretion disc including a significant bright spot
contribution 20 days into the outburst. We estimate the primary radial velocity
K_1 using a center of symmetry method and find K_1_app=37 +/- 5 km/s.
Accounting for the likely systematic errors affecting both K_1 and K_2
measurements, we conservatively derive 508 < K_2 < 585 km/s and K_1 < 37 km/s.
This implies a massive white dwarf with M_1 > 0.77 M_sun. A non-degenerate mass
donor, implying WZ Sge has not yet evolved through its minimum orbital period,
is not ruled out by our observations. This would require an improved estimate
of K_1. Together with the measured phase offset between bright spot eclipse and
inferior conjuction of the secondary star, we can bracket the allowed mass
ratio (q=M_2/M_1) to lie between 0.040 and 0.073. This provides a firm upper
limit to the mass of the secondary of M_2 < 0.10 M_sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174683 </DOCNO>
First Measurements of Pion Correlations by the PHENIX Experiment


  First identical-pion correlations measured at RHIC energies by PHENIX are
presented. Two analyses with separate detectors, systematics, and statistics
provide consistent results. The resulting HBT radii are moderately larger than
those measured at lower energies. The $k_t$ dependence of the Bertsch-Pratt HBT
radii is also similar to previous measures and is consistent with the
conjecture of an expanding source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129421 </DOCNO>
The nature of faint submm-selected galaxies


  We present the source catalogue for the SCUBA Lens Survey. We summarise the
results of extensive multi-wavelength observations of the 15
submillimetre-selected galaxies in the catalogue, from X-rays to radio. We
discuss the main observational characteristics of faint submillimetre galaxies
as a population, and consider their interpretation within the framework of our
understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77080 </DOCNO>
Dynamical symmetry breaking of massless $\lambda\phi^4$ and


  Through two loop effective potential we demonstrate that the $\bar{MS}$
scheme of dimensional regularization and Jackiw's prescription in cut-off
regularization allow for the dynamical breaking solution in massless
$\lambda\phi^4$ theory, while the Coleman-Weinberg prescription does not. The
beta function of the broken phase is negative, like in the one loop effective
potential, but the UV fixed point is not zero, i.e., not an asymptotic freedom
solution, unlike the one loop case. Some related issues were briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81489 </DOCNO>
Benchmarking and tuning the MILC code on clusters and supercomputers


  Recently, we have benchmarked and tuned the MILC code on a number of
architectures including Intel Itanium and Pentium IV (PIV), dual-CPU Athlon,
and the latest Compaq Alpha nodes. Results will be presented for many of these,
and we shall discuss some simple code changes that can result in a very
dramatic speedup of the KS conjugate gradient on processors with more advanced
memory systems such as PIV, IBM SP and Alpha.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96278 </DOCNO>
Free Calculus


  I give a survey about my work on combinatorial and probabilistic aspects of
free probability theory. In particular, I present the combinatorial description
of freeness in terms of free cumulants and I give some ideas of the main
results of my joint work with Philippe Biane on a stochastic integration theory
for free Brownian motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124617 </DOCNO>
High Sensitivity, High Spectral Resolution, Mid-infrared Spectroscopy


  We broadly discuss mid-infrared spectroscopy and detail our new high spectral
resolution instrument, the Texas Echelon-cross-Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124565 </DOCNO>
The kinematics of molecular clumps surrounding hot cores in G29.96-0.02


  We present high angular resolution interferometric observations of the 3 and
1.3mm continuum emission, and HCO+(1-0) and SiO(2-1)v=0 lines, obtained with
the Owens Valley Radio Observatory millimeter-wave array, toward two hot cores
(HCs) associated with two well known ultracompact (UC) HII regions: G29.96-0.02
and G31.41+0.31. These HCs are believed to host young forming massive stars
which have been suggested to be surrounded by massive rotating accretion disks.
The aim of these new observations is to study the structure and kinematics of
the molecular clumps surrounding the HCs and nearby UCHII regions at moderately
high angular resolution. Our observations reveal that the clumps within which
the HCs and UCHII regions are embedded have a complex kinematical structure.
The total mass of the clumps is estimated to be in the range 1000-3000 Msun,
consistent with previous findings. Our observations also show compelling
evidence that the clump in G29.96-0.02 is contracting onto the HC position,
suggesting that the accretion process onto the massive young stellar object
embedded in the HC is still ongoing. In these objects the kinematical structure
that we observe is also compatible with the presence of a massive rotating disk
within the HC, even though we cannot prove this suggestion with our data. The
case of G31.41+0.31 is more complicated, and our data, although consistent with
the presence of an inner disk and an infalling envelope around it, do not have
the required spatial resolution to resolve the different structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174725 </DOCNO>
Liquid-Gas Coexistence Region in Central Xe+Sn Reactions


  Charge partitions and distributions of fragments emitted in
multifragmentation of fused systems produced in central collisions are studied
over the incident energy range 32-50 MeV per nucleon. Most of the charged
products are well identified thanks to the high performances of the INDRA 4pi
array. Supported by dynamical calculations, charge correlations are used t$
evidence, or not, spinodal instabilities and consequently the liquid-gas
coexistence region over the considered incident energy range. It was claimed in
the last few years that mass/charge distributions should follow a power law
behavior in the coexistence region. The Z distributions measured are discussed.
A first attempt is made to derive in which Z region the border between liquid
and gas parts is located.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149245 </DOCNO>
2D Black Holes, Conformal Vacua and CFTs on the Cylinder


  We investigate two-dimensional dilaton gravity models with a power-law
dilaton potential, whose black hole solutions contain, among others, the
dimensional reduction of the Schwarzschild black hole, the Anti-de Sitter black
hole and Rindler spacetime. We show that the ground state of these models
satisfies simple transformation laws under the SL(2,R) conformal group. We use
these transformation laws to explain the scaling behavior of the
thermodynamical parameters of the black hole and the nonextensivity of the
thermodynamical system. The black hole thermodynamical behavior, in particular
its entropy, is reproduced by a mapping into a two-dimensional conformal field
theory on the cylinder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96902 </DOCNO>
On complexes related with calculus of variations


  We consider the variational complex on infinite jet space and the complex of
variational derivatives for Lagrangians of multidimensional paths and study
relations between them. The discussion of the variational (bi)complex is set up
in terms of a flat connection in the jet bundle. We extend it to supercase
using a particular new class of forms. We establish relation of the complex of
variational derivatives and the variational complex. Certain calculus of
Lagrangians of multidimensional paths is developed. It is shown how covariant
Lagrangians of higher order can be used to represent characteristic classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149753 </DOCNO>
Anatomy of Two-Loop Effective Action in Noncommutative Field Theories


  We compute, at two-loop order, one-particle-irreducible Green functions and
effective action in noncommutative $\lambda[\Phi^3]_\star$-theory for both
planar (g=0, h=3) and nonplanar (g=1, h=1) contributions. We adopt worldline
formulation of the Feynman diagrammatics so that relation to string theory
diagrammatics is made transparent in the Seiberg-Witten limit. We argue that
the resulting two-loop effective action is expressible via open Wilson lines:
one-particle-irreducible effective action is generating functional of connected
diagrams for interacting open Wilson lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174643 </DOCNO>
Experimental evidence for spinodal decomposition in multifragmentation


  Multifragmentation of fused systems was observed for central collisions
between 32 AMeV 129Xe and Sn, and 36 AMeV 155Gd and U. Previous extensive
comparisons between the two systems led to the hypothesis of spinodal
decomposition of finite systems as the origin of multifragmentation for
incident energies around 30 AMeV. New results on velocity and charge
correlations of fragments bring strong arguments in favor of this
interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74492 </DOCNO>
Testing Non-commutative QED, Constructing Non-commutative MHD


  The effect of non-commutativity on electromagnetic waves violates Lorentz
invariance: in the presence of a background magnetic induction field b, the
velocity for propagation transverse to b differs from c, while propagation
along b is unchanged. In principle, this allows a test by the Michelson-Morley
interference method. We also study non-commutativity in another context, by
constructing the theory describing a charged fluid in a strong magnetic field,
which forces the fluid particles into their lowest Landau level and renders the
fluid dynamics non-commutative, with a Moyal product determined by the
background magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 994 </DOCNO>
Vertical magneto-tunneling through a quantum dot and the density of


  One-electron tunneling through a quantum dot with a strong magnetic field in
the direction of the current is studied. The linear magneto-conductance is
computed for a model parabolic dot with seven electrons in the intermediate
states and for different values of the magnetic field. It is shown that the dot
density of states at low excitation energies can be extracted from a precise
measurement of the conductance at the upper edge of the Coulomb blockade
diamond. We parametrized the density of states with a single ``temperature''
parameter (in the so called ``constant temperature approximation''), and found
that this parameter depends very weakly on the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125342 </DOCNO>
The formation of voids in a universe with cold dark matter and a


  A spherical Lagrangian hydrodynamical code has been written to study the
formation of cosmological structures in the early Universe. In this code we
take into account the presence of collisionless non-baryonic cold dark matter
(CDM), the cosmological constant and a series of physical processes present
during and after the recombination era, such as photon drag resulting from the
cosmic background radiation and hydrogen molecular production. We follow the
evolution of the structure since the recombination era until the present epoch.
As an application of this code we study the formation of voids starting from
negative density perturbations which evolved during and after the recombination
era. We analyse a set of COBE-normalized models, using different spectra to see
their influence on the formation of voids. Our results show that large voids
with diameters ranging from 10h^{-1} Mpc up to 50h^{-1} Mpc can be formed in a
universe model dominated by the cosmological constant (\Omega_\Lambda ~ 0.8).
This particular scenario is capable of forming large and deep empty regions
(with density contrasts \delta < -0.6). Our results also show that the physical
processes acting on the baryonic matter produce a transition region where the
radius of the dark matter component is greater than the baryonic void radius.
The thickness of this transition region ranges from about tens of kiloparsecs
up to a few megaparsecs, depending on the spectrum considered. Putative objects
formed near voids and within the transition region would have a different
amount of baryonic/dark matter when compared with \Omega_b/\Omega_d. If one
were to use these galaxies to determine, by dynamical effects or other
techniques, the quantity of dark matter present in the Universe, the result
obtained would be only local and not representative of the Universe as a whole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74827 </DOCNO>
Familon emission by dense magnetized plasma


  Emission of a familon caused by the processes $e^- \to e^- + \phi$, $ e^- \to
\mu^- + \phi$ in dense magnetized plasma is investigated in the model in which
a familon have both direct and no direct coupling to leptons via plasmon. The
process probabilities and the integral familon action on plasma are calculated.
It is shown that the $ P$ odd interference phenomenon in the process $e^- \to
\mu^- + \phi$ leads to the familon force acting on plasma along the magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75591 </DOCNO>
Inclusive D* Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at Next-to-Leading


  The next-to-leading order cross section for the inclusive production of charm
quarks in gamma-gamma collisions is calculated as a function of the transverse
momentum pT and the rapidity y in approaches using massive or massless charm
quarks. For the direct cross section we derive the massless limit from the
massive theory with the result that this limit differs from the massless
version with MSbar factorization by finite corrections. Subtracting or adding
these corrections allows us to compare the two approaches on equal footing. We
establish massless and massive versions with 3 and 4 initial flavours which are
shown to approach the massless approximations very fast with increasing pT.
With these results we calculate the inclusive D* cross section in gamma-gamma
collisions using realistic evolved fragmentation functions with appropriate
factorization scales and compare with recent data for dsigma/dpT from three LEP
collaborations after single- and double-resolved contributions have been added.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97498 </DOCNO>
Representations of the fundamental group of a surface in PU(p,q) and


  We count the connected components in the moduli space of
PU(p,q)-representations of the fundamental group for a closed oriented surface.
The components are labelled by pairs of integers which arise as topological
invariants of the flat bundles associated to the representations. Our results
show that for each allowed value of these invariants, which are bounded by a
Milnor-Wood type inequality, there is a unique non-empty connected component.
Interpreting the moduli space of representations as a moduli space of Higgs
bundles, we take a Morse theoretic approach using a certain smooth proper
function on the Higgs moduli space. A key step is the identification of the
function's local minima as moduli spaces of holomorphic triples. We prove that
these moduli spaces of triples are non-empty and irreducible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2 </DOCNO>
Entanglement in the Quantum Heisenberg XY model


  We study the entanglement in the quantum Heisenberg XY model in which the
so-called W entangled states can be generated for 3 or 4 qubits. By the concept
of concurrence, we study the entanglement in the time evolution of the XY
model. We investigate the thermal entanglement in the two-qubit isotropic XY
model with a magnetic field and in the anisotropic XY model, and find that the
thermal entanglement exists for both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic cases.
Some evidences of the quantum phase transition also appear in these simple
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114279 </DOCNO>
Kinematics on oblique axes


  We solve a difficult problem involving velocity and acceleration components
along oblique axes, and propose two problems of central force motion to be
solved using oblique axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179569 </DOCNO>
Applications of semiempirical shell model masses based on proton magic


  A recently published highly extrapolatable semiempirical shell model mass
equation is shown to describe rather well the energies of several seemingly
well identified alpha-decay chains with known end product nuclei observed in
superheavy elements research. The equation is also applied to the
interpretation problem of some recent hot fusion-evaporation experiments with
unknown end products and several conceivable reaction channels. Some plausible
interpretations are indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168466 </DOCNO>
Are Number and Phase Complementary Observables?


  We study various ways of characterising the quantum optical number and phase
as complementary observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7281 </DOCNO>
The origin of second-order transverse magnetic anisotropy in


  The problem of the role of transverse fields in Mn12-acetate, a molecular
nanomagnet, is still open. We present structural evidences that the disorder of
the acetic acid of crystallization indices sizeable distortion of the Mn(III)
sites, giving rise to six different isomers, four of them with symmetry lower
than tetragonal. Using a ligand field approach the effect of the structure
modifications on the second order transverse magnetic anisotropy, forbidden in
tetragonal symmetry, has been evaluated. The order of magnitude of the
quadratic transverse anisotropies well agree with the values derived by the
analysis of the field sweep dependence of the hysteresis loops performed by
Mertes et al.
  (Phys. Rev. Lett 87, 227205 (2001)) and allows to better simulate the EPR
spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6290 </DOCNO>
Peak effect and its evolution with defect structure in YBa2Cu3O7-d thin


  The vortex dynamics in YBa2Cu3O7-d thin films have been studied at microwave
frequencies. A pronounced peak in the surface resistance, Rs, is observed in
these films at frequencies of 4.88 and 9.55 GHz for magnetic fields varying
from 0.2 to 0.8 T. The peak is associated with an order-disorder transformation
of the flux line lattice as the temperature or field is increased. The
occurrence of the peak in Rs is crucially dependent on the depinning frequency,
wp and on the nature and concentration of growth defects present in these
films. Introduction of artificial defects by swift heavy ion irradiation with
200 MeV Ag ion at a fluence of 4x1010 ions/cm2 enhances wp and suppresses the
peak at 4.88 GHz but the peak at 9.55 GHz remains unaffected. A second peak at
lower temperature has also been observed at 9.55 GHz. This is related to twin
boundaries from angular dependence studies of Rs. Based on the temperature
variation of Rs, vortex phase diagrams have been constructed at 9.55 GHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73764 </DOCNO>
Integration of GRACE and PYTHIA


  We have successfully developed a technique to integrate an automatic
event-generator generation system GRACE and a general-purpose event generator
framework PYTHIA. The codes generated by GRACE are embedded in PYTHIA in the
created event generator program. The embedded codes give information on
parton-level hard interactions directly to PYTHIA. The choice of PDF is
controlled by the ordinary parameter setting in PYTHIA. This technique enables
us to create easy-to-handle event generators for any processes in hadron
collisions. Especially, in virtue of large capability of GRACE, we can easily
deal with those processes containing many (four or more) partons in the final
state, such as multiple heavy particle productions. This project is being
carried out as a collaboration between the Japanese Atlas group and the
Minami-Tateya group, aiming at developing event generators for Tevatron and LHC
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74078 </DOCNO>
Nucleation versus Spinodal decomposition in a first order quark hadron


  We investigate the scenario of homogeneous nucleation for a first order
quark-hadron phase transition in a rapidly expanding background of quark gluon
plasma. Using an improved preexponential factor for homogeneous nucleation
rate, we solve a set of coupled equations to study the hadronization and the
hydrodynamical evolution of the matter. It is found that significant
supercooling is possible before hadronization begins. This study also suggests
that spinodal decomposition competes with nucleation and may provide an
alternative mechanism for phase conversion particularly if the transition is
strong enough and the medium is nonviscous. For weak enough transition, the
phase conversion may still proceed via homogeneous nucleation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2311 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy of magnetothermal conductivity in Sr2RuO4


  The dependence of in-plane and interplane thermal conductivities of Sr2RuO4
on temperature, as well as magnetic field strength and orientation, is
reported. We found no notable anisotropy in the thermal conductivity for the
magnetic field rotation parallel to the conducting plane in the whole range of
experimental temperatures and fields, except in the vicinity of the upper
critical field Hc2, where the anisotropy of the Hc2 itself plays a dominant
role. This finding imposes strong constraints on the possible models of
superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 and supports the existence of a superconducting
gap with a line of nodes running orthogonal to the Fermi surface cylinder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41216 </DOCNO>
Experimental Status of Photon Photon into Baryon Antibaryon Pairs


  The exclusive production of baryon antibaryon pairs in the collisions of two
quasi-real photons have been studied in different experiments at e+e-
colliders. Results are presented for the processes gamma gamma to proton
antiproton and gamma gamma to lambda antilambda. The cross-section measurements
are compared with the recent analytic calculations based on the quark-diquark
model predictions. Monte Carlo studies have been done to investigate the PEP-N
expectations for the gamma gamma to proton antiproton process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76456 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Pair Production and Decay including Spin Effects at Hadron


  Top quark-antiquark ($t\bar t$) pairs will be produced copiously at the
Tevatron collider and in huge numbers at the LHC. This will make possible
detailed investigations of the properties and interactions of this quark
flavor. The analysis and interpretation of future data requires precise
predictions of the hadronic production of $t\bar t$ pairs and of their
subsequent decays. In this talk the reactions $p {\bar p}, p p \to t{\bar t} +
X \to l^+ l'^- + X$ are considered and results are presented of our calculation
of the dilepton angular distribution at next-to-leading order QCD, keeping the
full dependence on the spins of the intermediate $t\bar{t}$ state. The angular
distribution is determined for different choices of reference axes that can be
identified with the $t$ and $\bar t$ spin axes. While the QCD corrections to
the leading-order distribution turn out to be small in the case of the LHC, we
find them to be sizeable in the case of the Tevatron and find, moreover, the
angular distribution to be sensitive to the parton content of the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75926 </DOCNO>
Observability of the Lightest MSSM Higgs Boson with Explicit CP


  We investigate the observability of the lightest Higgs boson in the
gluon-fusion channel at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the minimal
supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit CP-violating mixing among three
neutral Higgs bosons. The lightest Higgs boson with its mass less than 130 GeV
can be detected at the LHC via its gluon-fusion production followed by the
decay into two photons. The explicit CP violation can suppress both the
production cross section and the two-photon decay branching fraction so
significantly that the signal cross section may be more than ten times smaller
than the SM signal. This reduction factor can be as small as 1/40 if the
lightest Higgs boson mass is 115 GeV and its production cross section at LEP2
is more than 90 % that of the SM case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129353 </DOCNO>
Structure formation in the quintessential Universe


  I review the main characteristics of structure formation in the
quintessential Universe. Assuming equation of state $w=p/\varrho=$const I
provide a brief description of the background cosmology and discuss the linear
growth of density perturbations, the strongly nonlinear evolution, the power
spectra and rms fluctuations as well as mass functions focusing on the three
values $w=-1, -2/3$ and -1/3. Finally I describe the presently available and
future constraints on w.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129377 </DOCNO>
The HI Environment of Three Superbubbles in the Large Magellanic Cloud


  The ambient interstellar environment of wind- and supernova-driven
superbubbles strongly affects their evolution, but its properties are rarely
well-determined. We have therefore obtained HI aperture synthesis imaging of
the environment around three similar, optically-selected superbubble nebulae in
the Large Magellanic Cloud. The resulting HI maps show that the ambient gas
distribution around these superbubbles differ to an extreme: DEM L25 shows no
neutral shell component, but is nestled within an HI hole; DEM L50 shows a
massive neutral shell component, but is otherwise within an HI void; and DEM
L301 shows no correspondence at all between the optical nebula and HI
distribution. There is also poor correspondence between the HI and optical
kinematics. These results strongly caution against inferring properties of the
ambient neutral environment of individual superbubbles without direct
observations. Finally, all three objects show some evidence of shock activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99206 </DOCNO>
Characterizing automorphism groups of ordered abelian groups


  We characterize the groups isomorphic to full automorphism groups of ordered
abelian groups. The result will follow from classical theorems on ordered
groups adding an argument from proofs used to realize rings as endomorphism
rings of abelian groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2000 </DOCNO>
Expansions for one quasiparticle states in spin 1/2 systems


  Convergent expansions of the wavefunctions for the ground state and low-lying
excited states of quantum transverse Ising systems are obtained. These
expansions are employed to prove that the dispersion relation for a single
quasi-particle has a convergent expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129611 </DOCNO>
The Epoch of Helium Reionization


  We study the reionization of Helium II by quasars using a numerical approach
that combines 3D radiative transfer calculations with cosmological
hydrodynamical simulations. Sources producing the ionizing radiation are
selected according to an empirical quasar luminosity function and are assigned
luminosities according to their intrinsic masses. We present models in which
these parameters are varied and examine characteristics of the resultant
reionization process that distinguish the various cases. In addition, we
extract artificial spectra from the simulations and quantify statistical
properties of the spectral features in each model. We find that the most
important factor affecting the evolution of He II reionization is the
cumulative number of ionizing photons that are produced by the sources.
Comparisons between He II opacities measured observationally and those obtained
by our analysis reveal that the available ranges in plausible values for the
parameters provide enough leeway to provide a satisfactory match. However, one
property common to all our calculations is that the epoch of Helium II
reionization must have occurred at a redshift between 3 < z < 4. If so, future
observational programs will be able to directly trace the details of the
ionization history of helium and probe the low density phase of the
intergalactic medium during this phase of the evolution of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83828 </DOCNO>
Crisis of Public Utility Deregulation and the Unrecognized Welfare State


  Successful achievement of public policies requires satisfaction of conditions
affecting political feasibility for policy adoption and maintenance as well as
economic viability of the desired activity or enterprise. This paper discusses
the difficulties of satisfying these joint constraints given the legacy of the
common law doctrines of "just price" and "businesses affected with a public
interest." In this regard, it is helpful to view traditional public utility
regulation as a form of welfare state regulation, as it suffers from similar
political problems from policy retrenchment. The retrenchment problems are
examined in the context of the electricity crisis in California as well as the
passage and implementation of the Telecommunications Act of 1996. As expected,
retrenchment from low residential retail rates - the most universalistic
benefit for customers - faces the greatest political resistance. The societal
trade-offs between monopoly and competition must be reexamined in light of the
greater instability and political difficulties under a deregulatory regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125733 </DOCNO>
13CI in high-mass star-forming clouds


  We report measurements of the 12C/13C abundance ratio in the three galactic
regions G 333.0-0.4, NGC 6334 A and G 351.6-1.3 from observations of the 12CI
3P2-3P1 transition and the hyperfine components of the corresponding 13CI
transition near 809 GHz. These transitions were observed simultaneously with
the CO 7-6 line emission at 806 GHz with the AST/RO telescope located at the
South Pole. From a simultaneous fit to the 12CI 3P2-3P1 transition and the HF
components of the corresponding 13CI transition and an independent estimate of
an upper limit to the optical depth of the 12CI emission we determine intrinsic
12CI/13CI column density ratios of 23+-1 for G 333.0-0.4, 56+-14 for NGC 6334 A
and 69+-12 for G 351.6-1.3. As the regions observed are photon dominated, we
argue that the apparent enhancement in the abundance of 13C towards G 333.0-0.4
may be due to strong isotope-selective photodissociation of 13CO, outweighing
the effects of chemical isotopic fractionation as suggested by models of PDRs.
Towards NGC 6334 A and G 351.6-1.3 these effects appear to be balanced, similar
to the situation for the Orion Bar region observed by Keene et al. (1998).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150185 </DOCNO>
A Note on Nonperturbative Instability in String Theory


  We investigate the possibility that stringy nonperturbative instabilities are
described by worldsheet methods. We focus on the case of open bosonic string
theory, where the D-instanton plays a role of the bounce, i.e. it describes
barrier penetration. In the process, we compute the exponential factor in a
decay probability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86664 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional inhomogeneous dust collapse and cosmic censorship


  We investigate the occurrence and nature of a naked singularity in the
gravitational collapse of an inhomogeneous dust cloud described by higher
dimensional Tolman-Bondi space-times. The naked singularities are found to be
gravitationally strong in the sense of Tipler. Higher dimensions seem to favour
black holes rather than naked singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40808 </DOCNO>
Study of Top-quark Production and Decay Vertices with LCD Fast


  We report a study of top-quark reconstruction in $e^+e^- \rightarrow
t\bar{t}$ events at a 500 GeV linear collider using the LCD Fast simulator. The
initial study of top-quark anomalous couplings is also reported. The final
states of 4 jets and lepton as well as 6 jets are used. Using the 4 jets and
lepton final state, we estimate the preliminary sensitivities for form factors
at the $\gamma/Z^0 t\bar{t}$ vertex. In the 6 jets reconstruction, we show
abilities of the top-quark charge identification and the $c$-quark tagging in W
decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74366 </DOCNO>
Overview of NNLO QCD corrections


  We discuss the motivation for making predictions for jet cross sections at
next-to-next-to-leading order. We describe the theoretical ingredients needed
for such a calculation and briefly review the progress in the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128480 </DOCNO>
Massive Star Birth in the Inner Galaxy: Obscured Massive Star Clusters


  The current census of, and stellar population in, massive Galactic star
clusters is reviewed. In particular, we concentrate on a recent survey of
obscured Galactic Giant H II (GHII) regions and the associated stellar clusters
embedded in them. The regions have been selected as the most luminous radio
continuum sources, and as such the stellar clusters appear to be among the
youngest massive clusters in the Galaxy. The emergent stellar populations are
further studied through near infrared spectroscopy of the brighter members. We
also discuss the massive stellar clusters within 50 pc of the Galactic center
(GC), comparing their known properties to those found in the GHII region
survey. It is suggested that the somewhat younger clusters associated with the
GHII regions are more suited to measuring the initial mass function in massive
star clusters. Narrow band images in the central pc of the GC are presented
which identify the young stellar sequence associated with the evolved He I
emission line stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123741 </DOCNO>
ISO Observations of Star-forming Galaxies


  The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) is used to carry out mid-IR (7 and 15
micron) and far-IR (90 micron) observations of a sample of star-forming sub-mJy
radio sources. By selecting the sample at radio wavelengths, one avoids biases
due to dust obscuration. It is found that the mid-IR luminosities, covering the
PAH features, measure the star formation rate for galaxies with $P_{1.4 GHz} <
10^{23}$ W Hz$^{-1}$. This is further confirmed using the H$\alpha$
luminosities. The far-IR emission is also found to trace the SFR over the whole
range of radio and H$\alpha$ luminosities. The implication of the mid-IR
measurements in estimating the SFRs from the future infrared space missions
(SIRTF and ASTRO-F) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95444 </DOCNO>
Embedding some bordered Riemann surfaces in C^2


  We study the existence of proper holomorphic embeddings of bordered Riemann
surfaces into the complex plane C^2. Denote by M(R) the moduli space consisting
of all equivalence classes of complex structures J on a given smooth oriented
bordered surface R. We introduce a class F(R) in M(R)with the following
properties: (1) F(R) is nonempty and open (in a natural topology on M(R)); (2)
The interior of any Riemann surface (R,J) in the class F(R) admits a proper
holomorphic embedding in C^2; (3) If R is a finitely connected planar domain
then F(R)=M(R); (4) Each hyperelliptic bordered Riemann surface (R,J) belongs
to the class F(R) and hence admits a proper holomorphic embedding in C^2. Part
(3) above is equivalent to the theorem of Globevnik and Stensones (Holomorphic
embeddings of planar domains into C^2, Math. Ann. 303, 579-597, 1995). Our
approach builds upon the earlier work of Cerne and Globevnik (On holomorphic
embedding of planar domains into C^2, J. d'Analyse Math. 8, 269-282, 2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72588 </DOCNO>
The Spin Structure of the Nucleon


  We present an overview of recent experimental and theoretical advances in our
understanding of the spin structure of protons and neutrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123885 </DOCNO>
Common-Envelope Evolution: the Nucleosynthesis in Mergers of Massive


  We study the merging of massive stars inside a common envelope for binary
systems consisting of a red supergiant with a mass of 15-20 Msun and a
main-sequence companion of 1-5 Msun. We are particularly interested in the
stage when the secondary, having overfilled its Roche lobe inside the common
envelope, starts to transfer mass to the core of the primary at a very high
mass-transfer rate and the subsequent nucleo-synthesis in the core-impact
region. Using a parametrized model for the structure of the envelope at this
stage, we perform 2-dimensional hydrodynamical calculations with the Munich
Prometheus code to calculate the dynamics of the stream emanating from the
secondary and its impact on the core of the primary. We find that, for the
lower end of the estimated mass-transfer rate, low-entropy, hydrogen-rich
material can penetrate deep into the primary core where nucleosynthesis through
the hot CNO cycle can take place and that the associated neutron exposure may
be sufficiently high for significant s-processing. For mass-transfer rates at
the high end of our estimated range and higher densities in the stream, the
stream impact can lead to the dredge-up of helium, but the neutron production
is too low for significant s-processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6657 </DOCNO>
High-pressure study on the superconducting pyrochlore oxide Cd2Re2O7


  Superconducting and structural phase transitions in a pyrochlore oxide
Cd2Re2O7 are studied under high pressure by x-ray diffraction and electrical
resistivity measurements. A rich P-T phase diagram is obtained, which contains
at least two phases with the ideal and slightly distorted pyrochlore
structures. It is found that the transition between them is suppressed with
increasing pressure and finally disappears at a critical pressure Pc = 3.5 GPa.
Remarkable enhancements in the residual resistivity as well as the coefficient
A of the AT 2 term in the resistivity are found around the critical pressure.
Superconductivity is detected only for the phase with the structural
distortion. It is suggested that the charge fluctuations of Re ions play a
crucial role in determining the electronic properties of Cd2Re2O7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95438 </DOCNO>
On projective group properties of the 6d h-space of the type [33]


  In this note we find the metric of 6-dimensional h-space of the [33] type and
then determine an important projective group characteristic of this h-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4672 </DOCNO>
Persistent currents in diffusive metallic cavities: Large values and


  The effect of disorder on confined metallic cavities with an Aharonov-Bohm
flux line is addressed. We find that, even deep in the diffusive regime, large
values of persistent currents may arise for a wide variety of geometries. We
present numerical results supporting an anomalous scaling law of the average
typical current $< I_{typ}>$ with the strength of disorder $w$, $< I_{typ}>
\sim w^{- \gamma}$ with $\gamma < 2$. This is contrasted with previously
reported results obtained for cylindrical samples where a scaling $< I_{typ}>
\sim w^{-2}$ has been found. Possible links to, up to date, unexplained
experimental data are finally discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150222 </DOCNO>
A G_2 Unification of the Deformed and Resolved Conifolds


  We find general first-order equations for G_2 metrics of cohomogeneity one
with S^3\times S^3 principal orbits. These reduce in two special cases to
previously-known systems of first-order equations that describe regular
asymptotically locally conical (ALC) metrics \bB_7 and \bD_7, which have
weak-coupling limits that are S^1 times the deformed conifold and the resolved
conifold respectively. Our more general first-order equations provide a
supersymmetric unification of the two Calabi-Yau manifolds, since the metrics
\bB_7 and \bD_7 arise as solutions of the {\it same} system of first-order
equations, with different values of certain integration constants.
Additionally, we find a new class of ALC G_2 solutions to these first-order
equations, which we denote by \wtd\bC_7, whose topology is an \R^2 bundle over
T^{1,1}. There are two non-trivial parameters characterising the homogeneous
squashing of the T^{1,1} bolt. Like the previous examples of the \bB_7 and
\bD_7 ALC metrics, here too there is a U(1) isometry for which the circle has
everywhere finite and non-zero length. The weak-coupling limit of the \wtd\bC_7
metrics gives S^1 times a family of Calabi-Yau metrics on a complex line bundle
over S^2\times S^2, with an adjustable parameter characterising the relative
sizes of the two S^2 factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41391 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model Higgs boson search at LEP: combined results


  During the run in the year 2000, with data collected at collision energies up
to 209 GeV, the LEP experiments have possibly unearthed the first evidence of a
Higgs boson signal at mh=115 GeV/c2. The preliminary combined results prepared
immediately after the end of the data-taking, in November 2000, are presented
here. Overall, a 2.9 sigma excess over the background is found, consistent with
a Standard Model Higgs boson signal with mh=115.0 GeV/c2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41635 </DOCNO>
The nonlinear-electrodynamic bending of the x-ray and gamma-ray in the


  It was shown that according to the non-linear electrodynamics of vacuum
electromagnetic rays should bend in the field of magnetic dipole. The angles of
ray bending in the gravitational and magnetic fields of pulsars and magnetars
were obtained. In the case of pulsars with $b\sim R\sim $ 100 km, $B_0\sim
10^{13} G$ the value of the angle of non-linear electrodynamic bending of a ray
in the Heisenberg-Euler theory will reach the value of $\delta \psi_{NED}\sim
30'',$ and in the case of a magnetar with $B_0\sim 10^{15} G$ the angle $\delta
\psi_{NED}$ will increase to $\delta \psi_{NED}\sim 1 rad\sim 60^\circ .$ The
angle of gravitational bending of a ray at neutron star with $r_g$ = 3 km in
the same conditions will be equal to $\delta \psi_g\sim 0.06$ rad $\sim 4^\circ
>.$ Observations can only be made in X- rays and gamma-rays, for which the
agnetosphere is quite opaque. Because the distance from the Earth to the
well-known pulsars and magnetars is too large to observe the pure effect of a
ray bending. The non-linear electrodynamic bending of a ray as well as the
gravitational bending will be revealed in the effect of lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7574 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticles and c-axis coherent hopping in high T_c superconductors


  We study the problem of the low-energy quasiparticle spectrum of the extended
t-J model and analyze the coherent hopping between weakly coupled planes
described by this model. Starting with a two-band model describing the Cu-O
planes and the unoccupied bands associated to the metallic atoms located in
between the planes, we obtain effective hopping matrix elements describing the
c-axis charge transfer. A computational study of these processes shows an
anomalously large charge anisotropy for doping concentrations around and below
the optimal doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81299 </DOCNO>
Lattice supersymmetric Ward identities


  SUSY Ward identities for the N=1 SU(2) SUSY Yang-Mills theory are studied on
the lattice in a non-perturbative numerical approach. As a result a
determination of the subtracted gluino mass is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97735 </DOCNO>
A representation of generalized braid group in classical braid group


  We ask if any finite type generalized braid group is a subgroup of some
classical Artin braid group. We define a natural map from a given finite type
generalized braid group to a classical braid group and ask if this map is an
injective homomorphism. We prove that this map is a homomorphism for the braid
groups of type A_n, B_n, I_2(k). The injectivity question of this homomorphism
(in these particular cases) is not yet settled. If this map is an injective
homomorphism then several results will follow. For example it will follow that
the Whitehead group, projective class group and the lower K-group of any
subgroup of any finite type generalized braid group vanish. (For the classical
braid group case this vanishing result is proved by the author and F.T. Farrell
in the paper "The Whitehead groups of braid groups vanish".) Also it will
follow that a finite type generalized braid group satisfies Tits alternative
(recently this was asked by M. Bestvina).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41179 </DOCNO>
Study of the $\pi\pi$ mass spectra in the process $e^+e^- \to


  The invariant mass spectra of the $\pi^+\pi^-$ and $\pi^\pm\pi^0$ pairs in
the process $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ were studied in the SND experiment at
the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region $\sqrt[]{s} \simeq 1020$ MeV. These
studies were based on about $0.5 \times 10^6$ experimental events. The spectra
were analyzed in the framework of the vector meson dominance model. It was
found that the experimental data can be described with $e^+e^- \to \rho\pi \to
\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ transition only. Upper limit on the branching ratio of the
$\phi(1020)\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ decay through intermediate states different from
$\rho\pi$ was obtained at the 90 % confidence level:
$B(\phi\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0)<6 \cdot 10^{-4}$. The $\rho$-meson mass and width
which follow from the spectra analysis are $m_\rho=775.0\pm 1.3$ MeV,
$\Gamma_\rho=150.4 \pm 3.0$ MeV. Neutral and charged $\rho$-mesons mass
difference was found to equal $m_{\rho^\pm}-m_{\rho^0}=-1.3\pm2.3$ MeV. In the
$\pi^+\pi^-$ mass spectrum the $\rho-\omega$ interference was seen at two
standard deviations level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149625 </DOCNO>
Elongated U(1) Instantons on Noncommutative R^4


  We found an exact solution of elongated U(1) instanton on noncommutative R^4
for general instanton number k. The deformed ADHM equation was solved with
general k and the gauge connection and the curvature were given explicitly. We
also checked our solutions and evaluated the instanton charge by a numerical
calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3436 </DOCNO>
Size-dependent Rigidities of Nanosized Torsional Elements


  A theory for the prediction of the size dependence of torsional rigidities of
nanosized structural elements is developed. It is shown that, to a very good
approximation, the torsional rigidity (D) of a nanosized bar differs from the
prediction of standard continuum mechanics $(D_c)$ as $(D-D_c)/D_c = A h_0/a$
where A is a non-dimensional constant, a is the size scale of the
cross-section of the bar and $h_0$ is a material length equal to the ratio of
the surface elastic constant to the bulk elastic constant. The theory developed
is compared with direct atomistic calculations (``numerical experiment'') of
the torsional rigidity bars made of several FCC metals modeled using the
embedded atom method. Very good agreement is obtained between theory and
simulation. The framework presented here can aid the development of design
methodologies for nanoscale structural elements without the need for full scale
atomistic simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179505 </DOCNO>
Deeply bound pionic atoms from the $(\gamma,p)$ reaction in nuclei


  We study the $(\gamma,p)$ reaction on $^{208}Pb$ leading to $^{207}Pb$ with a
bound pion attached to it in the lowest 1s or 2p pionic levels. The reaction
can be made recoilless to optimize the production cross section but we must
choose a bit higher photon energy to overcome the Coulomb barrier in the proton
emission. The cross sections obtained are easily measurable and can be larger
than 50 per cent of the background from inclusive ($\gamma$,p). This makes it a
clear case for the detection of the pionic atom signals, converting this
reaction into a practical tool to produce deeply bound pionic atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113950 </DOCNO>
Fractional Kinetics for Relaxation and Superdiffusion in Magnetic Field


  We propose fractional Fokker-Planck equation for the kinetic description of
relaxation and superdiffusion processes in constant magnetic and random
electric fields. We assume that the random electric field acting on a test
charged particle is isotropic and possesses non-Gaussian Levy stable
statistics. These assumptions provide us with a straightforward possibility to
consider formation of anomalous stationary states and superdiffusion processes,
both properties are inherent to strongly non-equilibrium plasmas of solar
systems and thermonuclear devices. We solve fractional kinetic equations, study
the properties of the solution, and compare analytical results with those of
numerical simulation based on the solution of the Langevin equations with the
noise source having Levy stable probability density. We found, in particular,
that the stationary states are essentially non-Maxwellian ones and, at the
diffusion stage of relaxation, the characteristic displacement of a particle
grows superdiffusively with time and is inversely proportional to the magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74599 </DOCNO>
Parameters' domain in three flavour neutrino oscillations


  We consider analytically the domain of the three mixing angles $\Theta_{ij}$
and the CP phase $\delta$ for three flavour neutrino oscillations both in
vacuum and matter. Similarly to the quark sector, it is necessary and
sufficient to let all the mixing angles $\Theta_{12},\Theta_{13},\Theta_{23}$
and $\delta$ be in the range $<0,\frac{\pi}{2}>$ and $0 \leq \delta < 2 \pi$,
respectively. To exploit the full range of $\delta$ will be important in future
when more precise fits are possible, even without CP violation measurements.
With the above assumption on the angles we can restrict ourselves to the
natural order of masses $m_1<m_2<m_3$. Considerations of the mass schemes with
some negative $\delta m^2$'s, though for some reasons useful, are not necessary
from the point of view of neutrino oscillation parametrization and cause double
counting only. These conclusions are independent of matter effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95578 </DOCNO>
A linear system on Naruki's moduli space of marked cubic surfaces


  Allcock and Freitag recently showed that the moduli space of marked cubic
surfaces is a subvariety of a nine dimensional projective space which is
defined by cubic equations. They used the theory of automorphic forms on ball
quotients to obtain these results. Here we describe the same embedding using
Naruki's toric model of the moduli space. We also give an explicit
parametrization of the tritangent divisors, we discuss another way to find
equations for the image and we show that the moduli space maps, with degree at
least ten, onto the unique quintic hypersurface in a five dimensional
projective space which is invariant under the action of the Weyl group of the
root system E_6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75580 </DOCNO>
Minimal Mixing of Quarks and Leptons in the SU(3) Theory of Flavour


  We argue that flavour mixing, both in the quark and lepton sector, follows
the minimal mixing pattern, according to which the whole of this mixing is
basically determined by the physical mass generation for the first family of
fermions. So, in the chiral symmetry limit when the masses of the lightest ($u$
and $d$) quarks vanish, all the quark mixing angles vanish. This minimal
pattern is shown to fit extremely well the already established CKM matrix
elements and to give fairly distinctive predictions for the as yet poorly known
ones. Remarkably, together with generically small quark mixing, it also leads
to large neutrino mixing, provided that neutrino masses appear through the
ordinary ``see-saw'' mechanism. It is natural to think that this minimal
flavour mixing pattern presupposes some underlying family symmetry, treating
families of quarks and leptons in a special way. Indeed, we have found a local
chiral $SU(3)_{F}$ family symmetry model which leads, through its dominant
symmetry breaking vacuum configuration, to a natural realization of the
proposed minimal mechanism. It can also naturally generate the quark and lepton
mass hierarchies. Furthermore spontaneous CP violation is possible, leading to
a maximal CP violating phase $\delta =\frac{\pi}{2}$, in the framework of the
MSSM extended by a high-scale $SU(3)_{F}$ chiral family symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7552 </DOCNO>
Novel aspects of spin-polarized transport and spin dynamics


  There is a renewed interest to study spin-polarized transport and spin
dynamics in various electronic materials. The motivation to examine the spin
degrees of freedom (mostly in electrons, but also in holes and nuclei) comes
from various sources: ranging from novel applications which are either not
feasible or ineffective with conventional electronics, to using spin-dependent
phenomena to explore the fundamental properties of solid state systems. Taken
in a broader context, term spintronics is addressing various aspects of these
efforts and stimulating new interactions between different subfields of
condensed matter physics. Recent advances in material fabrication made it
possible to introduce the nonequilibrium spin in novel class of systems,
including ferromagnetic semiconductors, high temperature superconductors and
carbon nanotubes--which leads to a question of how such a spin could be
utilized. For this purpose it is important to extend the understanding of
spin-polarized transport and spin dynamics to consider inhomogeneous systems,
various heterostructures, and the role of interfaces. This article presents
some views on novel aspects of spin-polarized transport and spin dynamics
(referring also to the topics which were addressed at the conference
Spintronics 2001) and suggests possible future research directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2817 </DOCNO>
Structure of Small-Scale Magnetic Fields in the Kinematic Dynamo Theory


  A weak fluctuating magnetic field embedded into a turbulent conducting medium
grows exponentially while its characteristic scale decays. In the ISM and
protogalactic plasmas, the magnetic Pr is very large, so a broad spectrum of
growing magnetic fluctuations is excited at subviscous scales. We study the
statistical correlations that are set up in the field pattern and show that the
magnetic-field lines possess a folding structure, where most of the scale
decrease is due to rapid transverse field direction reversals, while the scale
of the field variation along itself stays approximately constant. Specifically,
we find that the field strength and the field-line curvature are
anticorrelated, and the curvature possesses a stationary limiting distribution
with the bulk located at the values of curvature comparable to the
characteristic wave number of the velocity field and a power tail extending to
large values of curvature. The regions of large curvature, therefore, occupy
only a small fraction of the total volume of the system. Our theoretical
results are corroborated by direct numerical simulations. The implication of
the folding effect is that the advent of the Lorentz back reaction occurs when
the magnetic energy approaches that of the smallest turbulent eddies. Our
results also directly apply to the problem of statistical geometry of the
material lines in a random flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3234 </DOCNO>
Collective excitations in a F=2 Bose-Einstein condensate


  We calculate the collective excitations in a homogeneous F=2 spinor
condensate in the absence of the magnetic field and also in a strong magnetic
field. Almost all the excitations for a zero magnetic field are found to have
either the Bogoliubov form or the free-particle form. We relate our results for
a strong magnetic field to the concept of fragmented condensates and note that
some observable quantities such as the speed of sound for the cyclic state
depend on the relative phase between the spinor amplitudes for the $M=\pm 2, 0$
atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126232 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Components in the Bulges of Disk Galaxies


  By combining surface brightness profiles from images taken in the HST/NICMOS
F160W and ground-based (GB) $K$ bands, we have obtained NIR profiles for a well
studied sample of inclined disk galaxies, spanning radial ranges from 20 pc to
a few kpc. We fit PSF-convolved Sersic-plus-exponential laws to the profiles,
and compare the results with the fits to the ground-based data alone. HST
profiles show light excesses over the best-fit Sersic law in the inner ~1
arcsec. This is often as a result of inner power-law cusps similar to the inner
profiles of intermediate-luminosity elliptical galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1504 </DOCNO>
Coherent description of electrical and thermal impurity-and-phonon


  The electrical resistivity, thermoelectric power and electronic thermal
conductivity of simple (isotropic) metals are studied in a uniform way.
Starting from results of a variational solution of the Boltzmann equation, a
generalized Matthiessen rule is used in order to superpose the inelastic (or
not) electron-phonon and elastic electron-impurity scattering cross sections
("matrix elements"). The temperature dependence relative to these processes is
given through simple functions and physical parameters over the usually
investigated range of temperature for each transport coefficient. The coherence
of such results is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127806 </DOCNO>
Inflaton potential reconstruction in the braneworld scenario


  We consider inflaton potential reconstruction in the context of the simplest
braneworld scenario, where both the Friedmann equation and the form of scalar
and tensor perturbations are modified at high energies. We derive the
reconstruction equations, and analyze them analytically in the high-energy
limit and numerically for the general case. As previously shown by Huey and
Lidsey, the consistency equation between scalar and tensor perturbations is
unchanged in the braneworld scenario. We show that this leads to a perfect
degeneracy in reconstruction, whereby a different viable potential can be
obtained for any value of the brane tension $\lambda$. Accordingly, the initial
perturbations alone cannot be used to distinguish the braneworld scenario from
the usual Einstein gravity case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3152 </DOCNO>
On the Spectrum of the XXZ-chain at roots of unity


  In a recent paper (cond-mat/0009279), Fabricius and McCoy studied the
spectrum of the spin 1/2 XXZ-model at Delta = (q+q^{-1})/2 and q^{2N}=1 for
integer N >1. They found a certain pattern of degeneracies and linked it to the
sl(2)-loop symmetry present in the commensurable spin sector (N divides S^z).
We show that the degeneracies are due to zero-energy, transparent excitations,
the cyclic bound states. These exist both in commensurable and incommensurable
sectors, indicating a symmetry, of which sl(2)-loop is a partial manifestation.
Our approach treats both sectors on even footing and yields an analytical
expression for the degeneracies in the case N = 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124882 </DOCNO>
FLIERs as stagnation knots from post-AGB winds with polar momentum


  We present an alternative model for the formation of fast low-ionization
emission regions (FLIERs) in planetary nebulae that is able to account for many
of their attendant characteristics and circumvent the problems on the
collimation/formation mechanisms found in previous studies. In this model, the
section of the stellar wind flowing along the symmetry axis carries less
mechanical momentum than at higher latitudes, and temporarily develops a
concave or inverted shock geometry. The shocked ambient material is thus
refracted towards the symmetry axis, instead of away from it, and accumulates
in the concave section. The reverse is true for the outflowing stellar wind,
which in the reverse shock is refracted away from the axis. It surrounds the
stagnation region of the bow-shock and confines the trapped ambient gas. The
latter has time to cool and is then compressed into a dense "stagnation knot"
or "stagnation jet". In the presence of a variable stellar wind these features
may eventually overrun the expanding nebular shell and appear as detached
FLIERs. We present representative two and three-dimensional hydrodynamic
simulations of the formation and early evolution of stagnation knots and jets
and compare their dynamical properties with those of FLIERs in planetary
nebulae.
  Subject Headings: hydrodynamics - ISM: jets and outflows - ISM: kinematics
and dynamics - planetary nebulae: FLIERs and stagnation knots

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2377 </DOCNO>
Realization of Bose-Einstein condensates in lower dimensions


  Bose-Einstein condensates of sodium atoms have been prepared in optical and
magnetic traps in which the energy-level spacing in one or two dimensions
exceeds the interaction energy between atoms, realizing condensates of lower
dimensionality. The cross-over into two-dimensional and one-dimensional
condensates was observed by a change in aspect ratio and saturation of the
release energy when the number of trapped atoms was reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2854 </DOCNO>
Statistics of citation networks


  The out-degree distribution of citation networks is investigated. Statistical
data of the number of papers cited within a paper (out-degree) for different
journals in the period 1991-1999 is reported. The out-degree distribution is
characterized by a maximum at intermediate out-degrees. At the left of the
maximum there are strong fluctuations from journal to journal while is quite
universal at the right, with two classes of journals. These two classes are
associated with the existence or not of a restriction in the maximum number of
pages per paper. The shape of the out-degree distribution does not change
appreciable from period to period, but the average out-degree is observed to
increase logarithmically with the number of published papers. These features
are modeled using a recursive search model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128368 </DOCNO>
Runaway Acceleration of Line-Driven Winds: the Role of the Outer


  Observations and theory suggest that line driven winds from hot stars and
luminous accretion disks adopt a unique, critical solution which corresponds to
maximum mass loss rate. We analyze the numerical stability of the infinite
family of shallow wind solutions, which resemble solar wind breezes, and their
transition to the critical wind. Shallow solutions are sub-critical with
respect to radiative (or Abbott) waves. These waves can propagate upstream
through shallow winds at high speeds. If the waves are not accounted for in the
Courant time step, numerical runaway results. The outer boundary condition is
equally important for wind stability. Assuming pure outflow conditions, as is
done in the literature, triggers runaway of shallow winds to the critical
solution or to accretion flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114063 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Theory of Flame Front Instability


  Nonlinear non-stationary equation describing evolution of weakly curved
premixed flames with arbitrary gas expansion, subject to the Landau-Darrieus
instability, is derived. The new equation respects all the conservation laws to
be satisfied across the flame front, as well as correctly takes into account
influence of vorticity, generated in the flame, on the flame front structure
and flame velocity. Analytical solutions of the derived equation are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148401 </DOCNO>
Properties of Moyal-Lax Representation


  The Moyal-Lax representation and the Moyal momentum algebra are introduced
and systematically investigated. It is shown that the Moyal-Lax equation can be
interpreted as a Hamiltonian equation and can be derived from an action. We
show that the parameter of non-commutativity, in this case, is related to the
central charge of the second Hamiltonian structure of the system. The Moyal-Lax
description leads in a natural manner to the dispersionless limit and provides
the second Hamiltonian structure of dispersionless integrable models, which has
been an open question for sometime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2129 </DOCNO>
Models WD_{n} in the presence of disorder and the coupled models


  We have studied the conformal models WD_{n}^{(p)}, n=3,4,5,..., in the
presence of disorder which couples to the energy operator of the model. In the
limit of p<<1 where p is the corresponding minimal model index, the problem
could be analyzed by means of the perturbative renormalization group, with
$epsilon$-expansion in $\epsilon$=1/p. We have found that the disorder makes to
flow the model WD_{n}^{(p)} to the model WD_{n}^{(p-1)} without disorder. In
the related problem of N coupled regular WD_{n}^{(p)} models (no disorder),
coupled by their energy operators, we find a flow to the fixed point of N
decoupled WD_{n}^{(p-1)}. But in addition we find in this case two new fixed
points which could be reached by a fine tuning of the initial values of the
couplings. The corresponding critical theories realize the permutational
symmetry in a non-trivial way, like this is known to be the case for coupled
Potts models, and they could not be identified with the presently known
conformal models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75646 </DOCNO>
Vortices in Theories with Flat Directions


  In theories with flat directions containing vortices, such as supersymmetric
QED, there is a vacuum selection effect in the allowed asymptotic
configurations. We explain the role played by gauge fields in this effect and
extend this to an abelian model with N=2 supersymmetry. In this case the
magnetic flux spreads over an arbitrarily large area. We comment on the
possible cosmological implications and the implications for superstring
inspired magnetic confinement scenarios in N=2 abelian Higgs theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95598 </DOCNO>
Conformal Dirac Structures


  The Courant bracket defined originally on the sections of the vector bundle
$TM \oplus T^*M \to M$ is extended to the direct sum of the 1-jet vector bundle
and its dual. The extended bracket allows to interpret many structures
encountered in differential geometry in terms of Dirac structures. We give here
a new approach to conformal Jacobi structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128674 </DOCNO>
Spectra of the Expansion Stage of X-Ray Bursts


  We present an analytical theory of thermonuclear X-ray burst atmosphere
structure. Newtonian gravity and diffusion approximation are assumed.
Hydrodynamic and thermodynamic profiles are obtained as a numerical solution of
the Cauchy problem for the first-order ordinary differential equation. We
further elaborate a combined approach to the radiative transfer problem which
yields the spectrum of the expansion stage of X-ray bursts in analytical form
where Comptonization and free-free absorption-emission processes are accounted
for and tau ~ r^{-2} opacity dependence is assumed. Relaxation method on an
energy opacity grid is used to simulate radiative diffusion process in order to
match analytical form of spectrum, which contains free parameter, to energy
axis. Numerical and analytical results show high similarity. All spectra
consist of a power-law soft component and diluted black-body hard tail. We
derive simple approximation formulae usable for mass-radius determination by
observational spectra fitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114141 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Using Fermi Statistics to Create Strongly Coupled Ion


  The fermionic exchange energy of ultracold ions is computed. It is shown that
this effect allows to increase the ion coupling in traps by about an order of
magnitude compared to the classical case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5088 </DOCNO>
Quantum superalgebras at roots of unity and non-abelian symmetries of


  We consider integrable vertex models whose Boltzmann weights (R-matrices) are
trigonometric solutions to the graded Yang-Baxter equation. As is well known
the latter can be generically constructed from quantum affine superalgebras
$U_{q}(\hat g)$. These algebras do not form a symmetry algebra of the model for
generic values of the deformation parameter $q$ when periodic boundary
conditions are imposed. If $q$ is evaluated at a root of unity we demonstrate
that in certain commensurate sectors one can construct non-abelian subalgebras
which are translation invariant and supercommute with the transfer matrix and
therefore with all charges of the model. In the line of argument we introduce
the restricted quantum superalgebra $U^{res}_q(\hat g)$ and investigate its
root of unity limit. We prove several new formulas involving supercommutators
of arbitrary powers of the Chevalley-Serre generators and derive higher order
quantum Serre relations as well as an analogue of Lustzig's quantum Frobenius
theorem for superalgebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76440 </DOCNO>
Twisted Moduli and Supersymmetry Breaking


  We consider twisted moduli contributions to supersymmetry breaking in
effective type I string constructions involving intersecting $D5_i$ and
$D9$-branes using Goldstino angles to parametrise the supersymmetry breaking.
It is well known that twisted moduli enter at tree-level into the gauge kinetic
functions, and can provide new sources of gaugino mass if they develop F-term
vacuum expectation values. It is generally assumed that string states which are
sequestered from the twisted moduli receive a zero soft mass in the twisted
modulus domination limit, however the standard form of K\"{a}hler potential
does not reproduce this expectation. We therefore propose a new form of the
K\"{a}hler potential which is consistent at leading order with the sequestered
form proposed by Randall and Sundrum, and show that it leads to exponentially
suppressed sequestered soft masses. Including the effects of Green-Schwarz
mixing, we write down the soft scalar and trilinear masses arising from a type
I string construction involving intersecting $D5_{i}$ and $D9$-branes in the
presence of untwisted and twisted moduli. If the squarks and sleptons are
identified with sequestered states then in the twisted moduli dominated limit
this corresponds to gaugino mediated supersymmetry breaking, and we discuss two
different scenarios for this. The general results will be useful for
phenomenological studies involving a combination of gravity and gaugino
mediated SUSY breaking due to the dilaton, untwisted and twisted moduli
contributions, and enable the soft masses to be studied as a function of the
different compactification radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125785 </DOCNO>
Probing the Intergalactic Medium with the Lyman alpha forest along


  (abridged) We present an effective implementation of analytical calculations
of the Lyalpha opacity distribution of the Intergalactic Medium (IGM) along
multiple lines of sight (LOS) to distant quasars in a cosmological setting.
This method fully accounts for the expected correlations between LOS and the
cosmic variance in the large-scale modes of the dark matter distribution.
Strong correlations extending up to ~300 kpc (proper) and more are found at
redshift z~2->3, in agreement with observations. These correlations are
investigated using the cross-correlation coefficient and the cross-power
spectrum of the flux distribution along different LOS and by identifying
coincident absorption features as fitted with a Voigt profile fitting routine.
The cross-correlation coefficient between the LOS can be used to constrain the
shape-parameter Gamma of the power spectrum if the temperature and the
temperature density relation of the IGM can be determined indepedently. We also
propose a new technique to recover the 3D linear dark matter power spectrum by
integrating over 1D flux cross-spectra which is complementary to the usual
`differentiation' of 1D auto-spectra. The cross-power spectrum suffers much
less from errors uncorrelated in different LOS, like those introduced by
continuum fitting. Investigations of the flux correlations in adjacent LOS
should thus allow to extend studies of the dark matter power spectrum with the
Lyalpha forest to significantly larger scales than is possible with flux
auto-power spectra. 30 pairs with separation of 1-2 arcmin should be sufficient
to determine the 1D cross-spectrum at scales of 60 Mpc/h with an accuracy of
about 30% if the error is dominated by cosmic variance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124539 </DOCNO>
On the quiescence of the Hubble flow in the vicinity of the Local Group


  Cepheid distances of local galaxies (<7 Mpc) are used to study the very
nearby velocity field, as pioneered by Sandage (Sandage 1986) who also pointed
out its remarkable properties: linearity and quietness. The new data show that
the velocity dispersion in the distance range as seen from the barycentre of
the Local Group 1-8 Mpc is as low as 38 km/sec. The local rate of expansion
coincides with the global Hubble constant. Down to 1.5 Mpc we cannot detect a
deviation from the linear Hubble flow. This puts an upper limit for the mass of
the Local Group, for a wide class of Friedman models, including those with the
cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4775 </DOCNO>
Photoassociative Frequency Shift in a Quantum Degenerate Gas


  We observe a light-induced frequency shift in single-photon photoassociative
spectra of magnetically trapped, quantum degenerate 7Li. The shift is a
manifestation of the coupling between the threshold continuum scattering states
and discrete bound levels in the excited-state molecular potential induced by
the photoassociation laser. The frequency shift is observed to be linear in the
laser intensity with a measured proportionality constant that is in good
agreement with theoretical predictions. The frequency shift has important
implications for a scheme to alter the interactions between atoms in a
Bose-Einstein condensate using photoassociation resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125304 </DOCNO>
UV (IUE) spectra of the central stars of high latitude planetary nebulae


  We present an analysis of the UV (IUE) spectra of the central stars of Hb7
and Sp3. Comparison with the IUE spectrum of the standard star HD 93205 leads
to a spectral classification of O3V for these stars, with an effective
temperature of 50,000 K. From the P-Cygni profiles of CIV (1550 A), we derive
stellar wind velocities and mass loss rates of -1317 km/s +/- 300 km/s and
2.9X10^{-8} solar mass yr^{-1} and -1603 km/s +/- 400 km/s and 7X10^{-9} solar
mass yr^{-1} for Hb7 and Sp3 respectively. From all the available data, we
reconstruct the spectral energy distribution of Hb7 and Sp3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76184 </DOCNO>
Predictions for ${\bar \nu} \nu \gamma$ Production at LEP


  We study predictions for the reaction $e^+e^- \to {\bar \nu} \nu (n \gamma)$.
The complete one-loop corrections are taken into account and higher order
contributions, in particular those for the observed real photons, are added
whenever necessary. The event generator \KK MC, a general-purpose Monte Carlo
generator for the process $e^+e^- \to \bar f f n\gamma$ based on the method of
exclusive exponentiation, is used as the environment. We extend its
applicability to the process $e^+e^- \to \bar \nu_l \nu_l n\gamma$,
$l=e,\mu,\tau$, where the observation of at least a single $\gamma$ is
required. The exponentiation is implemented in much the same way as for the
s-channel process alone. In particular, all photonic effects present in the
case of W exchange, which {\it cannot} be included in the s-channel
exponentiation scheme, are calculated to a finite order only. The real hard
photon matrix element is calculated up to ${\cal O} ({\alpha^2})$. Leading
logarithmic contributions of the two-loop corrections and one-loop photonic
corrections accompanying real single photon emission are included. The
electroweak corrections are calculated with the DIZET library of the ZFITTER
package. Numerical tests and predictions for typical observables are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124368 </DOCNO>
Properties of Black Holes in Stellar Binary Systems


  Recent X-ray timing and spectral observations of black hole binaries in
outburst have redefined methods for investigating the properties of Galactic
black holes and the physics of accretion flows. High-frequency X-ray QPOs in 5
systems (60--300 Hz) continue to be investigated as a possible means to
constrain black hole mass and spin via interpretation as oscillations due to
strong-field effects in General Relativity. In principle, black hole mass and
spin may also be constrained via determination of the inner radius of the
accretion disk, using spectroscopic parallax of the X-ray thermal component.
However, an accurate application of this technique is fraught with
difficulties. Monitoring programs that track the evolution of the thermal and
power-law components in the X-ray spectrum provide new insights into modes of
energy flow and the formation of relativistic jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6625 </DOCNO>
Realistic modellization for the growth of a yeast colony


  An evolving yeast colony is simulated by means of a cellular automaton that
takes care of many important features of the system under study. A complete
survey of the properties of the colony is done and a set of scaling relations
is found, together with the analysis of the critical exponents. The
Family-Vicsek relation between them is verified to a good accuracy. A mobility
parameter is introduced in order to relate the behaviour of the growth exponent
with the temperature and we propose that the brownian motion is a key feature
to describe the bacterial and fungi growth process in diluted solutions. The
chemical and geometrical correlations are found to play a relevant role in the
modellization, so that the need of realism is emphasized. A new phase space
built upon the relevant 'thermodinamical' variables is explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73163 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Violation of Lorentz and CPT Symmetry


  Overview of spontaneous Lorentz and CPT breaking mechanism in the context of
the standard model contributed to the proceedings for the Coral Gables meeting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125057 </DOCNO>
New method of extracting non-Gaussian signals in the CMB


  Searching for and charactering the non-Gaussianity (NG) of a given field has
been a vital task in many fields of science, because we expect the consequences
of different physical processes to carry different statistical properties. Here
we propose a new general method of extracting non-Gaussian features in a given
field, and then use simulated cosmic microwave background (CMB) as an example
to demonstrate its power. In particular, we show its capability of detecting
cosmic strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7132 </DOCNO>
Study of the Ce(Rh$_{1-x}$Pd$_x$)$_2$Si$_2$ alloy: evidence for


  We present electrical resistivity and specific heat measurements of alloys on
the Rh rich side of the phase diagram of the Ce(Rh$_{1-x}$Pd$_x$)$_2$Si$_2$
system and compare the results with those obtained at intermediate and low Rh
concentrations. The analysis of the x-evolution of the entropy and the scaling
behaviour of $C_{el}(T)$ and $\rho(T)$ clearly confirm a separation of the
magnetic phase diagram into two regions. The region $x\le0.3$, showing a
concentration independent characteristic temperature $T_o\approx45 {\rm K}$,
while for $x>0.3$ $T_o$ decreases down to $T_o(x=1)\approx15 {\rm K}$. This
characteristic temperature is obtained by scaling the $C_{el}(T,x>0.3)$ results
as a function of the reduced temperature $T/T_o$. At low Pd-content, $T_N$
decreases very rapidly from $T_N = 36 {\rm K}$ in pure CeRh$_2$Si$_2$ to
$T_N=18 {\rm K}$ at x=0.1. With higher Pd concentration it stabilized at
$T_N\approx15 {\rm K}$ whereas the magnitude of the anomalies in $C_{el}(T)$
and in the susceptibility around $T_N$ are further reduced and disappear at
$x\approx0.3$. This is in contrast to the behavior found on the Pd-rich side,
where $T_N$ decreases continuously to zero with increasing Rh content. The
pronounced differences observed between both phase boundaries and the drastic
effect of doping on the Rh rich side suggest an itinerant character in CeRh$_2$
Si$_2$, in contrast to the localized character of CePd$_2$Si$_2$. A further
evidence for the itinerant character in CeRh$_2$Si$_2$ is given by the
$\rho(T)$ dependence observed for $x\le0.3$, which scales with $\rho(T)$ of the
prototype itinerant compound YCo$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4874 </DOCNO>
Soft x-ray spectroscopy experiments on the near K-edge of B in MB2


  Soft X-ray absorption and emission measurements are performed for the K- edge
of B in MB$_2$ (M=Mg, Al, Ta and Nb). Unique feature of MgB$_2$ with a high
density of B 2$p_{xy}(\sigma)$-state below and above the Fermi edge, which
extends to 1 eV above the edge, is confirmed. In contrast, the B 2$p$ density
of states in AlB$_2$ and TaB$_2$, both of occupied and unoccupied states,
decreased linearly towards the Fermi energy and showed a dip at the Fermi
energy. Furthermore, there is a broadening of the peaks with
$p\sigma$-character in XES and XAS of AlB$_2$, which is due to the increase of
three dimensionality in the $p\sigma$-band in AlB$_2$. The DOS of NbB$_2$ has a
dip just below the Fermi energy. The present results indicate that the large
DOS of B-2$p\sigma$ states near the Fermi energy are crucial for the
superconductivity of MgB$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149763 </DOCNO>
Bosonic Fields with Two Mass and Spin States


  We consider the bosonic fields which describe a particle which may exist in
states with spins one and zero with different masses. All the linearly
independent solutions of the equation for a free particle are obtained in the
form of the projection matrix-dyads (density-matrices). The interaction with
anomalous magnetic dipole and quadruple electric moments of a particle is
studied. The Hamiltonian form of the first order equation has been
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6689 </DOCNO>
Degenerate ground states and stability of spatial solitons in


  By examining the bound-state spectra of transverse fluctuations about
one-dimensional, spatially localized dark and bright soliton wavetrains of the
Gross-Pitaevskii equation, it is established that the low-temperature ground
states of repulsive and attractive quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein
condensates are degenerate. In the one-soliton limit, both ground states are
shown to possess two distinct transverse fluctuation modes which can couple to
the spatial soliton: the first involves zero-energy exchange, costing only the
soliton shape dressing via uniform translation of its centre of mass. The
second mode contributes in a negative energy for the repulsive case, but
positive energy in the attractive case. This unstability of the repulsive
spatial soliton against localized transverse fluctuation modes invalidates the
Gross-Pitaevskii equation for stationary solitonic processes in repulsive 1D
Bose-Einstein-Condensate systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113772 </DOCNO>
The Depth and Breadth of John Bell's Physics


  John Bell's investigations in foundations of quantum mechanics, particle
physics, and quantum field theory are recalled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 926 </DOCNO>
Bosonization Theory of Excitons in One-dimensional Narrow Gap


  Excitons in one-dimensional narrow gap semiconductors of anti-crossing
quantum Hall edge states are investigated using a bosonization method. The
excitonic states are studied by mapping the problem into a non-integrable
sine-Gordon type model. We also find that many-body interactions lead to a
strong enhancement of the band gap. We have estimated when an exciton
instability may occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83980 </DOCNO>
Overview of the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System


  The Channel Archiver has been operational for more than two years at Los
Alamos National Laboratory and other sites. This paper introduces the available
components (data sampling engine, viewers, scripting interface, HTTP/CGI
integration and data management), presents updated performance measurements and
reviews operational experience with the Channel Archiver.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169097 </DOCNO>
Two-mode heterodyne phase detection


  We present an experimental scheme that achieves ideal phase detection on a
two-mode field. The two modes $a$ and $b$ are the signal and image band modes
of an heterodyne detector, with the field approaching an eigenstate of the
photocurrent $\hat{Z}=a+b^{\dag}$. The field is obtained by means of a
high-gain phase-insensitive amplifier followed by a high-transmissivity
beam-splitter with a strong local oscillator at the frequency of one of the two
modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148277 </DOCNO>
Wave Function of the Radion in the dS and AdS Brane Worlds


  We study the linearized metric perturbation corresponding to the radion for
the generalization of the five dimensional two brane setup of Randall and
Sundrum to the case when the curvature of each brane is locally constant but
non-zero. We find the wave fuction of the radion in a coordinate system where
each brane is sitting at a fixed value of the extra coordinate. We find that
the radion now has a mass$^2$, which is negative for the case of de Sitter
branes but positive for anti de Sitter branes. We also determine the couplings
of the radion to matter on the branes, and construct the four dimensional
effective theory for the radion valid at low energies. In particular we find
that in AdS space the wave function of the radion is always normalizable and
hence its effects, though small, remain finite at arbitrarily large brane
separations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128185 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. VIII. X-ray Constraints on Spiral


  We present a statistical X-ray study of spiral galaxies in the Hubble Deep
Field-North and its Flanking Fields using the Chandra Deep Field North 1 Ms
dataset. We find that approximately L_star galaxies with 0.4 < z < 1.5 have
ratios of X-ray to B-band luminosity similar to those in the local Universe,
although the data indicate a likely increase in this ratio by a factor of
approximately 2-3. We have also determined that typical spiral galaxies at 0.4
< z < 1.5 should be detected in the 0.5--2 keV band in the flux range 3-6 X
10^-18 erg cm^-2 s^-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125684 </DOCNO>
Testing Tidal-Torque Theory: I. Spin Amplitude and Direction


  We evaluate the success of linear tidal-torque theory (TTT) in predicting
galactic-halo spin using a cosmological N-body simulation with thousands of
well-resolved haloes. The proto-haloes are identified by tracing today's haloes
back to the initial conditions. The TTT predictions for the proto-haloes match,
on average, the spin amplitudes of today's virialized haloes if linear growth
is assumed until ~t_0/3, or 55-70 per cent of the halo effective turn-around
time. This makes it a useful qualitative tool for understanding certain average
properties of galaxies, such as total spin and angular-momentum distribution
within haloes, but with a random scatter of the order of the signal itself.
Non-linear changes in spin direction cause a mean error of ~50 degrees in the
TTT prediction at t_0, such that the linear spatial correlations of spins on
scales >~ 1 Mpc/h are significantly weakened by non-linear effects. This
questions the usefulness of TTT for predicting intrinsic alignments in the
context of gravitational lensing. We find that the standard approximations made
in TTT, including a second order expansion of the Zel'dovich potential and a
smoothing of the tidal field, provide close-to-optimal results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41497 </DOCNO>
KATRIN: A next generation tritium beta decay experiment with sub-eV


  With the compelling evidence for massive neutrinos from recent
neutrino-oscillation experiments, one of the most fundamental tasks of particle
physics over the next years will be the determination of the absolute mass
scale of neutrinos. The absolute value of neutrino-masses will have crucial
implications for cosmology, astrophysics and particle physics. We present the
case for a next generation tritium beta decay experiment to perform a high
precision direct measurement of the absolute mass of the electron neutrino with
sub-eV sensitivity. We discuss the experimental requirements and technical
challenges of the proposed Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) and
outline its physics potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168586 </DOCNO>
Continuous-variable quantum teleportation through lossy channels


  The ultimate limits of continuous-variable single-mode quantum teleportation
due to absorption are studied, with special emphasis on (quasi-)monochromatic
optical fields propagating through fibers. It is shown that even if an
infinitely squeezed two-mode squeezed vacuum were used, the amount of
information that would be transferred quantum mechanically over a finite
distance is limited and effectively approaches to zero on a length scale that
is much shorter than the (classical) absorption length. Only for short
distances the state-dependent teleportation fidelity can be close to unity. To
realize the largest possibly fidelity, an asymmetrical equipment must be used,
where the source of the two-mode squeezed vacuum is nearer to Alice than to Bob
and in consequence the coherent displacement performed by Bob cannot be chosen
independently of the transmission lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 794 </DOCNO>
Bilayer Splitting in the Electronic Structure of Heavily Overdoped


  The electronic structure of heavily overdoped
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ is investigated by angle-resolved
photoemission spectroscopy. The long-sought bilayer band splitting in this
two-plane system is observed in both normal and superconducting states, which
qualitatively agrees with the bilayer Hubbard model calculations. The maximum
bilayer energy splitting is about 88 meV for the normal state feature, while it
is only about 20 meV for the superconducting peak. This anomalous behavior
cannot be reconciled with the quasiparticle picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126242 </DOCNO>
Intermediate resolution H-beta spectroscopy and photometric monitoring


  We have monitored the AGN 3C390.3 between 1995 and 2000.Two large amplitude
outbursts, of different duration, in continuum and H beta light were observed
ie.: in October 1994 a brighter flare that lasted about 1000 days and in July
1997 another one that lasted about 700 days were detected. The flux in the H
beta wings and line core vary simultaneously, a behavior indicative of
predominantly circular motions in the BLR.Important changes of the Hbeta
emission profiles were detected: at times, we found profiles with prominent
asymmetric wings, as those normaly seen in Sy1s, while at other times, we
observe profiles with weak almost symmetrical wings, similar to those seen in
Sy1.8s. We found that the radial velocity difference between the red and blue
bumps is anticorrelated with the light curves of H beta and continuum
radiation.e found that the radial velocity difference between the red and blue
bumps is anticorrelated with the light curves of H-beta and continuum
radiation. Theoretical H-beta profiles were computed for an accretion disk, the
observed profiles are best reproduced by an inclined disk (25 deg) whose region
of maximum emission is located roughly at 200 Rg. The mass of the black hole in
3C 390.3, estimated from the reverberation analysis is Mrev = 2.1 x 10^9 Msun,
ie. 5 times larger than previous estimates

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7466 </DOCNO>
Density Profile and Flow of Miscible Fluid with Dissimilar Constituent


  A computer simulation model is used to study the density profile and flow of
a miscible gaseous fluid mixture consisting of differing constituent masses
($m_A = m_B/3$) through an open matrix. The density profile is found to decay
with the height $\propto \exp(-m_{A(B)}h)$, consistent with the barometric
height law. The flux density shows a power-law increase $\propto
{(p_c-p)}^{\mu}$ with $\mu \simeq 2.3$ at the porosity $1-p$ above the pore
percolation threshold $1-p_c$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114405 </DOCNO>
Intermanifold similarities in partial photoionization cross sections of


  Using the eigenchannel R-matrix method we calculate partial photoionization
cross sections from the ground state of the helium atom for incident photon
energies up to the N=9 manifold. The wide energy range covered by our
calculations permits a thorough investigation of general patterns in the cross
sections which were first discussed by Menzel and co-workers [Phys. Rev. A {\bf
54}, 2080 (1996)]. The existence of these patterns can easily be understood in
terms of propensity rules for autoionization. As the photon energy is increased
the regular patterns are locally interrupted by perturber states until they
fade out indicating the progressive break-down of the propensity rules and the
underlying approximate quantum numbers. We demonstrate that the destructive
influence of isolated perturbers can be compensated with an energy-dependent
quantum defect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114487 </DOCNO>
Orbit Feedback using X-ray Beam Position Monitoring at the Advanced


  The Advanced Photon Source (APS) was commissioned in 1995 as a
third-generation x-ray user facility. At that time orbit control was performed
exclusively with broadband rf beam position monitors (BPMs). Since then,
emphasis has been placed on incorporating x-ray beam position monitors into the
orbit control algorithms. This has resulted in an order of magnitude
improvement in long-term beam stability vertically, using x-ray BPMs (X-BPMs)
on bending magnet beamlines. Additional processing will allow similar
improvements horizontally, once systematic effects associated with variable
insertion device (ID) x-ray beams are properly compensated. Progress to date
and upgrade plans will be presented, with an emphasis on the details of the
required digital signal processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127550 </DOCNO>
Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies and the Origin of QSOs


  We review the evidence which suggests that ultraluminous infrared galaxies
(ULIGs) are the precursors of optically selected quasi-stellar objects (QSOs)
and discuss additional data that suggests that the majority, if not all QSOs,
may begin their lives in an intense infrared phase. Implications for the host
galaxies of QSOs are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123375 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Perturbation Theory and Structure Formation


  These lecture notes discuss several topics in the physics of cosmic structure
formation starting from the evolution of small-amplitude fluctuations in the
radiation-dominated era. The topics include relativistic cosmological
perturbation theory with the scalar-vector-tensor decomposition, the evolution
of adiabatic and isentropic initial fluctuations, microwave background
anisotropy, spatial and angular power spectra, the cold dark matter linear
transfer function, Press-Schechter theory, and a brief introduction to
numerical simulation methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126233 </DOCNO>
Observations of galaxies with future X-ray observatories


  Normal galaxies are faint and complex X-ray sources that provide very
powerful probes for fundamental astrophysical questions. Examples include: the
study of populations of X-ray emitting sources; the study of the entire
spectrum of black-hole phenomena; and galaxy formation and evolution in
interaction with the surrounding environment. While exciting, all these fields
{\bf require} Chandra sub-arcsecond resolution, and at least comparable
spectral capabilities. They also require much large collecting areas. I argue
that this is the direction we must plan for future X-ray observatories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148552 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Entropy, Topological Entropy and Noncommutative Geometry


  Foliated manifolds are particular examples of noncommutative spaces. In this
article we try to give a qualitative description of the Godbillon-Vey class and
its relation on the one hand to the holonomy and on the other hand to the
topological entropy of a foliation, using a remarkable theorem proved recently
by G. Duminy relating these three notions in the case of codim-1 foliations.
Moreover we shall investigate its possible relation with the black hole entropy
adopting the superstring theory origin of the black hole entropy in the
extremal case. This situation we believe has some striking similarities with
the explanation due to Bellissard of the integrality of the Hall conductivity
in the quantum Hall effect. Our starting point is the Connes-Douglas-Schwarz
article on compactifications of matrix models to noncommutative tori. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5042 </DOCNO>
The critical amplitude ratio of the susceptibility in the random-site


  We present a new way of probing the universality class of the site-diluted
two-dimensional Ising model. We analyse Monte Carlo data for the magnetic
susceptibility, introducing a new fitting procedure in the critical region
applicable even for a single sample with quenched disorder. This gives us the
possibility to fit simultaneously the critical exponent, the critical amplitude
and the sample dependent pseudo-critical temperature. The critical amplitude
ratio of the magnetic susceptibility is seen to be independent of the
concentration $q$ of the empty sites for all investigated values of $q\le
0.25$. At the same time the average effective exponent $\gamma_{eff}$ is found
to vary with the concentration $q$, which may be argued to be due to
logarithmic corrections to the power law of the pure system. This corrections
are canceled in the susceptibility amplitude ratio as predicted by theory. The
central charge of the corresponding field theory was computed and compared well
with the theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86736 </DOCNO>
Enhancon and Resolution of Singularity


  We review the enhancon mechanism proposed by Johnson, Peet and Polchinski. If
we consider the D6-brane wrapped on K3, then there appear a naked singularity
called ``repulson'' in the supergravity solution. But this singularity is
resolved by a shell structure called ``enhancon''. In the interior of the
enhancon, the abelian gauge symmetry is enhanced to a nonabelian one, and
ordinary supergravity is no more reliable. We also review the interpretation of
enhancon as fuzzy sphere. This paper is the contribution to the proceedings of
"Frontier of Cosmology and Gravitation", April 25-27 2001, YITP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86558 </DOCNO>
Signal recycled laser-interferometer gravitational-wave detectors as


  Using the force-susceptibility formalism of linear quantum measurements, we
study the dynamics of signal recycled interferometers, such as LIGO-II. We show
that, although the antisymmetric mode of motion of the four arm-cavity mirrors
is originally described by a free mass, when the signal-recycling mirror is
added to the interferometer, the radiation-pressure force not only disturbs the
motion of that ``free mass'' randomly due to quantum fluctuations, but also and
more fundamentally, makes it respond to forces as though it were connected to a
spring with a specific optical-mechanical rigidity. This oscillatory response
gives rise to a much richer dynamics than previously known for SR
interferometers, which enhances the possibilities for reshaping the noise
curves and, if thermal noise can be pushed low enough, enables the standard
quantum limit to be beaten. We also show the possibility of using servo systems
to suppress the instability associated with the optical-mechanical interaction
without compromising the sensitivity of the interferometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127402 </DOCNO>
A catalogue of AGN observed by the PDS experiment on board BeppoSAX


  The PDS experiment onboard BeppoSAX is the most sensitive instrument ever
above 10 keV. Preliminary results on the complete catalogue of AGN observed
with it are presented in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73337 </DOCNO>
Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment, Two-Higgs-Doublet Model, and


  The recent measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_\mu$ shows a
$2.6\sigma$ deviation from the standard model value. We show that it puts
strong constraints on the parameter space of the two-higgs doublet model (2HDM)
II. The dominant contribution of the Higgses comes at the two-loop level, and
in order to explain the data it favors a pseudoscalar $A$ with a light mass
range and a large $\tan\beta$. At 95% C.L., upper limit for
$m_{\scriptscriptstyle A}$ is $29 (55) (85)$ GeV for $\tan\beta=30 (45)
  (60)$, and $\tan \beta$ is bounded below at 17. This is in sharp contrast to
the conclusion one draws from considering one-loop Higgs contributions alone.
Finally, we also discuss the role of the Higgs contributions in the minimal
supersymmetric standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76072 </DOCNO>
A cosmological constant from degenerate vacua


  Under the hypothesis that the cosmological constant vanishes in the true
ground state with lowest possible energy density, we argue that the observed
small but finite vacuum-like energy density can be explained if we consider a
theory with two or more degenerate perturbative vacua, which are unstable due
to quantum tunneling, and if we still live in one of such states. An example is
given making use of the topological vacua in non-Abelian gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97355 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on Finsler manifolds with constant flag curvature


  This article is an exposition of four loosely related remarks on the geometry
of Finsler manifolds with constant positive flag curvature.
  <p> The first remark is that there is a canonical Kahler structure on the
space of geodesics of such a manifold.
  <p> The second remark is that there is a natural way to construct a (not
necessarily complete) Finsler n-manifold of constant positive flag curvature
out of a hypersurface in suitably general position in complex projective
n-space.
  <p> The third remark is that there is a description of the Finsler metrics of
constant curvature on the 2-sphere in terms of a Riemannian metric and 1-form
on the space of its geodesics. In particular, this allows one to use any
(Riemannian) Zoll metric of positive Gauss curvature on the 2-sphere to
construct a global Finsler metric of constant positive curvature on the
2-sphere.
  <p> The fourth remark concerns the generality of the space of (local) Finsler
metrics of constant positive flag curvature in dimension n+1>2 . It is shown
that such metrics depend on n(n+1) arbitrary functions of n+1 variables and
that such metrics naturally correspond to certain torsion-free S^1 x
GL(n,R)-structures on 2n-manifolds. As a by-product, it is found that these
groups do occur as the holonomy of torsion-free affine connections in dimension
2n, a hitherto unsuspected phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169441 </DOCNO>
Finite Renormalization ll


  This paper is an updated version of the paper of similar title published in
September 1998 {21} modified to take into account recent experimental results
and recommendations from CODATA {19} and also to incorporate a correction. The
original abstract follows and is still valid. A 1960's suggestion by R. P.
Feynman, concerning the possibility of carrying out a "finite" renormalization
procedure in quantum electrodynamics, is here implemented using a newly
discovered "formula" for alpha, the fine structure constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168811 </DOCNO>
Quantum cryptography using photon source based on postselection from


  A photon source based on postselection from entangled photon pairs produced
by parametric frequency down-conversion is suggested. Its ability to provide
good approximations of single-photon states is examined. Application of this
source in quantum cryptography for quantum key distribution is discussed.
Advantages of the source compared to other currently used sources are
clarified. Future prospects of the photon source are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98873 </DOCNO>
Wigner quantum systems (Lie superalgebraic approach)


  We present three groups of examples of Wigner Quantum Systems related to the
Lie superalgebras $osp(1/6n)$, $sl(1/3n)$ and $sl(n/3)$ and discuss shortly
their physical features. In the case of $sl(1/3n)$ we indicate that the
underlying geometry is noncommutative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149941 </DOCNO>
Conformal topological Yang-Mills theory and de Sitter holography


  A new topological conformal field theory in four Euclidean dimensions is
constructed from N=4 super Yang-Mills theory by twisting the whole of the
conformal group with the whole of the R-symmetry group, resulting in a theory
that is conformally invariant and has two conformally invariant BRST operators.
A curved space generalisation is found on any Riemannian 4-fold. This
formulation has local Weyl invariance and two Weyl-invariant BRST symmetries,
with an action and energy-momentum tensor that are BRST-exact. This theory is
expected to have a holographic dual in 5-dimensional de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83867 </DOCNO>
Coase's Penguin, or Linux and the Nature of the Firm


  The paper explains why open source software is an instance of a potentially
broader phenomenon. Specifically, I suggest that nonproprietary peer-production
of information and cultural materials will likely be a ubiquitous phenomenon in
a pervasively networked society. I describe a number of such enterprises, at
various stages of the information production value chain. These enterprises
suggest that incentives to engage in nonproprietary peer production are trivial
as long as enough contributors can be organized to contribute. This implies
that the limit on the reach of peer production efforts is the modularity,
granularity, and cost of integration of a good produced, not its total cost. I
also suggest reasons to think that peer-production can have systematic
advantages over both property-based markets and corporate managerial
hierarchies as a method of organizing information and cultural production in a
networked environment, because it is a better mechanism for clearing
information about human capital available to work on existing information
inputs to produce new outputs, and because it permits largers sets of agents to
use larger sets of resources where there are increasing returns to the scale of
both the set of agents and the set of resources available for work on projects.
As capital costs and communications costs decrease in importance as factors of
information production, the relative advantage of peer production in clearing
human capital becomes more salient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7047 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopics in Spintronics: Conductance Fluctuations of Spin-Polarized


  We generalize a Landauer-type formula to treat spin-dependent transport of
phase-coherent particles, using a real$\otimes$spin-space Green function
technique. This formalism, which easily accommodates relevant spin-orbit
couplings (Rashba and Dresselhaus), is employed to study components of an exact
two-probe zero-temperature conductance matrix, as well as their mesoscopic
fluctuations, for spin-polarized transport through an open quantum dot from the
ballistic to strong disorder limit. A strong Rashba coupling leads to a
dramatic reduction of localization effects on the conductances and their
variances, whose features depend on the chosen axis for spin-polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96089 </DOCNO>
A bivariant Chern character for families of spectral triples


  In this paper we construct a bivariant Chern character defined on ``families
of spectral triples''. Such families should be viewed as a version of unbounded
Kasparov bimodules adapted to the category of bornological algebras. The Chern
character then takes its values in the bivariant entire cyclic cohomology of
Meyer. The basic idea is to work within Quillen's algebra cochains formalism,
and construct the Chern character from the exponential of the curvature of a
superconnection, leading to a heat kernel regularization of traces. The
obtained formula is a bivariant generalization of the JLO cocycle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4536 </DOCNO>
The Structure and Freezing of fluids interacting via the Gay-Berne (n-6)


  We have calculated the pair correlation functions of a fluid interacting via
the Gay-Berne(n-6) pair potentials using the \PY integral equation theory and
have shown how these correlations depend on the value of n which measures the
sharpness of the repulsive core of the pair potential. These results have been
used in the density-functional theory to locate the freezing transitions of
these fluids. We have used two different versions of the theory known as the
second-order and the modified weighted density-functional theory and examined
the freezing of these fluids for $8 \leq n \leq 30$ and in the reduced
temperature range lying between 0.65 and 1.25 into the nematic and the smectic
A phases. For none of these cases smectic A phase was found to be stabilized
though in some range of temperature for a given $n$ it appeared as a metastable
state. We have examined the variation of freezing parameters for the
isotropic-nematic transition with temperature and $n$. We have also compared
our results with simulation results wherever they are available. While we find
that the density-functional theory is good to study the freezing transitions in
such fluids the structural parameters found from the \PY theory need to be
improved particularly at high temperatures and lower values of $n$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2291 </DOCNO>
Ballistic electronic transport in Quantum Cables


  We studied theoretically ballistic electronic transport in a proposed
mesoscopic structure - Quantum Cable. Our results demonstrated that Qauntum
Cable is a unique structure for the study of mesoscopic transport. As a
function of Fermi energy, Ballistic conductance exhibits interesting stepwise
features. Besides the steps of one or two quantum conductance units ($2e^2/h$),
conductance plateaus of more than two quantum conductance units can also be
expected due to the accidental degeneracies (crossings) of subbands. As
structure parameters is varied, conductance width displays oscillatory
properties arising from the inhomogeneous variation of energy difference
betweeen adjoining transverse subbands. In the weak coupling limits,
conductance steps of height $2e^2/h$ becomes the first and second plateaus for
the Quantum Cable of two cylinder wires with the same width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98272 </DOCNO>
Projections in the Space $H^{\infty}$ and the Corona Theorem for


  Let $M$ be a non-compact connected Riemann surface of finite type, and
$R\subset\subset M$ be a relatively compact domain such that
$H_{1}(M,\Z)=H_{1}(R,\Z)$. Let $\tilde R\longrightarrow R$ be a covering. We
study the algebra $H^{\infty}(U)$ of bounded holomorphic functions defined in
some domains $U\subset\tilde R$. Our main result is a Forelli type theorem on
projections in $H^{\infty}(\Di)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125749 </DOCNO>
The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect: Current Status and Future Prospects


  The detailed spectral and spatial characteristics of the signature imprinted
on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation by Compton scattering of the
radiation by electrons in the hot gas in clusters of galaxies - the
Sunyaev-Zeldovich (S-Z) effect - are of great astrophysical and cosmological
significance. In recent years observations of the effect have improved
tremendously; high signal-to-noise images of the effect (at low microwave
frequencies) can now be obtained by interferometric arrays. In the near future,
high frequency measurements of the effect will be made with ground based and
balloon-borne telescopes equipped with bolometeric arrays. Towards the end of
the decade the PLANCK satellite will carry out an extensive S-Z survey over a
wide frequency range. Along with the improved observational capabilities, the
theoretical description of the effect, and its use as a precise cosmological
probe, have been considerably advanced. In this review, I briefly discuss the
nature and significance of the effect, its exact theoretical description, the
current observational status, and prospects for the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149707 </DOCNO>
The Three-Dimensional Noncommutative Nonlinear Sigma Model in Superspace


  We study the superspace formulation of the noncommutative nonlinear
supersymmetric O(N) invariant sigma-model in 2+1 dimensions. We prove that the
model is renormalizable to all orders of 1/N and explicitly verify that the
model is asymptotically free.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74305 </DOCNO>
Evolution of flat universe with a cosmological term in modified


  We consider the dynamics of tensor and scalar gravitational fields in the
Relativistic Theory of Gravitation with the Minkowskian vacuum metric and
generalize the formulation to the massless graviton. The potential of scalar
field is determined in the presence of cosmological term under clear physical
motivations. We find cosmological inflationary solutions and analyze conditions
providing the transition to the regime of hot expanding universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128641 </DOCNO>
X-ray and optical monitoring of the peculiar source 4U 1700+24/V934 Her


  (Abridged) We report on ASCA and BeppoSAX observations of the X-ray source 4U
1700+24 and on (quasi-)simultaneous spectroscopy of its optical counterpart,
V934 Her, from the Loiano 1.5-meter telescope. Archival ROSAT and RXTE data as
well as the RXTE ASM light curve of 4U 1700+24 are also analyzed along with a
1985 EXOSAT pointing. The optical spectra are typical of a M2 III star; a
revised distance to the object of ~400 pc is inferred. While these spectra do
not show either any change between the two epochs or any peculiar feature, the
X-ray spectra reveal a complex and long-term variable shape, with a clear soft
excess. The X-ray spectral properties of the source are best described by a
thermal Comptonization spectrum plus a soft energy(<1 keV) excess, which can be
modeled with a blackbody emission with kT_BB ~ 1 keV; the latter component is
not detected at the lowest source flux levels. The ratio between the two
components varies substantially with the source flux. The X-ray emission from
the object appears to become harder as its luminosity increases, and the RXTE
data acquired during an outburst occurred during Fall 1997 display a hard tail
detected up to 100 keV. Apart from erratic shot-noise variability on timescales
of tens to thousands of seconds, no significant pulsations or QPOs are found
from the timing analysis of the X-ray light curves. With the new distance
determination, the 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity range spanned in the considered
observations lies between ~2x10^32 and ~1x10^34 erg/s. All this allows us to
suggest a scenario consisting of a wide binary system in which a neutron star
accretes matter from the wind of an M giant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149058 </DOCNO>
Wess-Zumino term for the AdS superstring and generalized Inonu-Wigner


  We examine a Wess-Zumino term, written in bilinear of superinvariant
currents, for a superstring in anti-de Sitter (AdS) space. The standard
Inonu-Wigner contraction does not give the correct flat limit but gives zero.
This originates from the fact that the fermionic metric of the super-Poincare
group is degenerate. We propose a generalization of the Inonu-Wigner
contraction which reduces the super-AdS group to the "nondegenerate"
super-Poincare group, therefore it gives a correct flat limit of this
Wess-Zumino term. We also discuss the M-algebra obtained by this generalized
Inonu-Wigner contraction from OSp(1|32).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149151 </DOCNO>
String field theory, non-commutative Chern-Simons theory and Lie algebra


  Motivated by noncommutative Chern-Simons theory, we construct an infinite
class of field theories that satisfy the axioms of Witten's string field
theory. These constructions have no propagating open string degrees of freedom.
We demonstrate the existence of non-trivial classical solutions. We find Wilson
loop-like observables in these examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179233 </DOCNO>
Void Analysis of Hadronic Density Fluctuations at Phase Transition


  The event-to-event fluctuations of hadron multiplicities are studied for a
quark system undergoing second-order phase transition to hadrons. Emphasis is
placed on the search for an observable signature that is realistic for
heavy-ion collisions. It is suggested that in the 2-dimensional y-phi space the
produced particles selected in a very narrow p_T window may exhibit clustering
patterns even when integrated over the entire emission time. Using the Ising
model to simulate the critical phenomenon and taking into account a p_T
distribution that depends on the emission time, we study in the framework of
the void analysis proposed earlier and find scaling behavior. The scaling
exponents turn out to be larger than the ones found before for pure
configurations without mixing. The signature is robust in that it is
insensitive to the precise scheme of simulating time evolution. Thus it should
reveal whether or not the dense matter created in heavy-ion collisions is a
quark-gluon plasma before hadronization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40915 </DOCNO>
Parametrization of nuclear parton distributions


  Optimum nuclear parton distributions are obtained by analyzing available
experimental data on electron and muon deep inelastic scattering (DIS). The
distributions are given at Q^2=1 GeV^2 with a number of parameters, which are
determined by a chi^2 analysis of the data. Valence-quark distributions are
relatively well determined at medium x, but they are slightly dependent on the
assumed parametrization form particularly at small x. Although antiquark
distributions are shadowed at small x, their behavior is not obvious at medium
x from the F_2 data. The gluon distributions could not be restricted well by
the inclusive DIS data; however, the analysis tends to support the gluon
shadowing at small x. We provide analytical expressions and computer
subroutines for calculating the nuclear parton distributions, so that other
researchers could use them for applications to other high-energy nuclear
reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5685 </DOCNO>
Quantum machine language and quantum computation with Josephson


  An implementation method of a gate in a quantum computer is studied in terms
of a finite number of steps evolving in time according to a finite number of
basic Hamiltonians, which are controlled by on-off switches. As a working
example, the case of a particular implementation of the two qubit computer
employing a simple system of two coupled Josephson junctions is considered. The
binary values of the switches together with the time durations of the steps
constitute the quantum machine language of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41865 </DOCNO>
On the O(alpha_t^2) two-loop corrections to the neutral Higgs boson


  We compute the O(alpha_t^2) two-loop corrections to the neutral CP-even Higgs
boson mass matrix in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, for arbitrary
values of mA and of the parameters in the stop sector, in the effective
potential approach. In a large region of parameter space these corrections are
sizeable, increasing the prediction for mh by several GeV. We present explicit
analytical formulae for a simplified case. We discuss the inclusion of
momentum-dependent corrections and some possible ways of assigning the input
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75611 </DOCNO>
Orientiworld


  We propose a consistent string theory framework for embedding brane world
scenarios with infinite-volume extra dimensions. In this framework the Standard
Model fields are localized on D3-branes sitting on top of an orientifold
3-plane. The transverse 6-dimensional space is a non-compact orbifold or a more
general conifold. The 4-dimensional gravity on D3-branes is reproduced due to
the 4-dimensional Einstein-Hilbert term induced at the quantum level. The
orientifold 3-plane plays a crucial role, in particular, without it the
D3-brane world-volume theories would be conformal due to the tadpole
cancellation. We point out that in some cases the 4-dimensional Planck scale is
controlled by the size of certain relevant (as opposed to marginal) orbifold
blow-ups. We can then have a scenario with the desirable 4-dimensional Planck
scale, the string scale of order TeV, and the cross-over to 10-dimensional
gravity around the present Hubble size. We discuss some general features as
well as concrete models in this ``Orientiworld'' framework, including those
with D7-branes. We point out that the D7-brane gauge symmetry at the quantum
level becomes part of the 4-dimensional gauge symmetry. We present an N=1
supersymmetric model with 3 chiral generations of quarks and leptons, where the
original gauge group (which contains an SU(6) subgroup) can be Higgsed to
obtain a Pati-Salam model with 3 chiral generations, the Pati-Salam Higgs
fields required to break the gauge group further to that of the Standard Model,
as well as the desired electroweak Higgs doublets. The superpotential in this
model is such that we have precisely one heavy (top-like) generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148803 </DOCNO>
Action for spinor fields in arbitrary dimensions


  A systematic presentation of spinors in various dimensions is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75272 </DOCNO>
The luminosity constraint on solar neutrino fluxes


  A specific linear combination of the total solar neutrino fluxes must equal
the measured solar photon luminosity if nuclear fusion reactions among light
elements are responsible for solar energy generation. This luminosity
constraint, previously used in a limited form in testing the no neutrino
oscillation hypothesis, is derived in a generality that includes all of the
relevant solar neutrino fluxes and which is suitable for analyzing the results
of many different solar neutrino experiments. With or without allowing for
neutrino oscillations, the generalized luminosity constraint can be used in
future analyses of solar neutrino data. Accurate numerical values for the
linear coefficients are provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72823 </DOCNO>
Dipole formalism with heavy fermions


  We extend the dipole formalism of Catani and Seymour to QCD processes
involving heavy fermions. We give the appropriate subtraction terms together
with their integrated counterpart. All calculations are done within dimensional
regularization. Our formulae can be used with three variants of dimensional
regularization (conventional dimensional regularization, the 't Hooft-Veltman
scheme or the four-dimensional scheme).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2150 </DOCNO>
Reflectionless tunneling in ballistic normal-metal--superconductor


  We investigate the phenomenon of reflectionless tunneling in ballistic
normal-metal--superconductor (NS) structures, using a semiclassical formalism.
It is shown that applied magnetic field and superconducting phase difference
both impair the constructive interference leading to this effect, but in a
qualitatively different way. This is manifested both in the conductance and in
the shot noise properties of the system considered. Unlike diffusive systems,
the features of the conductance are sharp, and enable fine spatial control of
the current, as well as single channel manipulations. We discuss the
possibility of conducting experiments in ballistic semiconductor-superconductor
structures with smooth interfaces and some of the phenomena, specific to such
structures, that could be measured. A general criterion for the barrier at NS
interfaces, though large, to be effectively transparent to pair current is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128231 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy and Doppler tomography of BZ Ursae Majoris in quiescence


  We present the first results of time-resolved spectroscopic observations of
little-studied dwarf nova BZ Ursae Majoris in quiescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86892 </DOCNO>
Quantum measurements and Paul traps in gravitational backgrounds


  In the present work we solve the motion equations of a particle in a Paul
trap embeded in the gravitational field of a spherically symmetric mass. One of
the ideas behind this work concerns the analysis of the effects that the
gravity--induced quantum noise, stemming from the bodies in the neighborhood of
the Paul trap, could have upon the enhancement of the quantum behavior of this
system. This will be done considering a series expansion for the gravitational
field of the source, and including in the Hamiltonian of the Paul trap only the
first two terms. Higher--order contributions will be introduced as part of the
environment of the system, and in consequence will not appear in the
Hamiltonian. In other words, we put forward an argument that allows us to
differentiate those gravitational degrees of freedom that will appear as an
uncontrollable influence on the Paul trap. Along the ideas of the so called
restricted path integral formalism, we take into account the continuous
monitoring of the position of our particle, and in consequence the
corresponding propagators and probabilities, associated with the different
measurements outputs, are obtained.
 Afterwards, the differential equation related to a quantum nondemolition
variable is posed and solved, i.e., a family of quantum nondemolition
parameters is obtained. Finally, a qualitative analysis of the effects on the
system, of the gravity--induced environment, will be done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41505 </DOCNO>
The Inclusive Jet Cross Section in ppbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV


  The central inclusive jet cross section has been measured using a
successive-combination algorithm for reconstruction of jets. The measurement
uses 87.3 pb^{-1} of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab
Tevatron ppbar Collider during 1994-1995. The cross section, reported as a
function of transverse momentum (pT>60 GeV) in the central region of
pseudorapidity (|\eta|<0.5), exhibits reasonable agreement with next-to-leading
order QCD predictions, except at low pT where the agreement is marginal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75454 </DOCNO>
Physics of Synchronized Neutrino Oscillations Caused by


  In the early universe or in some regions of supernovae, the neutrino
refractive index is dominated by the neutrinos themselves. Several previous
studies have found numerically that these self-interactions have the effect of
coupling different neutrino modes in such a way as to synchronize the flavor
oscillations which otherwise would depend on the energy of a given mode. We
provide a simple explanation for this baffling phenomenon in analogy to a
system of magnetic dipoles which are coupled by their self-interactions to form
one large magnetic dipole which then precesses coherently in a weak external
magnetic field. In this picture the synchronized neutrino oscillations are
perfectly analogous to the weak-field Zeeman effect in atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1279 </DOCNO>
Investigation of thermodynamic properties of pseudospin-electron model


  A method of consideration of gaussian fluctuations of the effective mean
field within the framework of the GRPA scheme is applied to investigation of
thermodynamical properties of a pseudospin-electron model (PEM).
 The grand canonical potential, pseudospin mean value, as well as the mean
squares of fluctuations are calculated.
 Obtained results are compared with corresponding ones obtained by other
approximations.
 An influence of the gaussian fluctuations of mean field on the thermodynamic
properties of PEM is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150166 </DOCNO>
Strings in Ramond-Ramond backgrounds


  We write the full and explicit component form of the type IIB worldsheet
action in classes of bosonic curved backgrounds threaded with Ramond-Ramond
fluxes. The fixing of the kappa symmetry in the light-cone gauge and the use of
the Bianchi identities of the supergravity theory lead to an expression of a
relatively simple form, yet rich with new physical information about how
fundamental strings react to the presence of RR fields. The results are useful
in particular to the study of vacuum structure and dynamics in the context of
the Holographic duality; and to possibly formulate an open-closed string
duality at the level of the worldsheet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 928 </DOCNO>
Pressure dependence of Tc in the MgB2 superconductor as probed by


  High-pressure resistivity experiments were performed on the recently
discovered superconductor, MgB2. Tc decreases quasi-linearly with applied
pressure to 1.4 GPa at a rate of -2.0(1) K/GPa, which is somewhat larger than
that derived from recently-reported ac susceptibility measurements. The
reduction of Tc is consistent with the BCS picture, in a similar way to the
C60-based superconductors. Taking into account the pressure dependence of the
unit cell volume, V, the volume coefficient of Tc, d(lnTc)/dV is significantly
large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41161 </DOCNO>
Searches for New Physics at HERA


  Recent results from searches for new physics at HERA are reviewed. Exploiting
the uniqueness of lepton-hadron collisions at high energy, searches are
performed for electron-quark resonant states (leptoquarks or squarks in
R-parity-violating supersymmetry) or excited states of fermions. New phenomena
at a very high energy scale, manifested at present energies as effective
four-fermion contact interaction, are also investigated, including cases with
lepton-flavor violation. Finally, the status of events with a high-energy
lepton and missing transverse momentum is presented, resulting in the most
stringent constraint on the flavor-changing neutral current t-u-\gamma coupling
which could yield single-top production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98055 </DOCNO>
Representations of a class of lattice type vertex algebras


  In this paper we study the representation theory for certain ``half lattice
vertex algebras.'' In particular we construct a large class of irreducible
modules for these vertex algebras. We also discuss how the representation
theory of these vertex algebras are related to the representation theory of
some associative algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86751 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Black Holes in Einstein and Brane Gravity


  We consider exact solutions of Einstein equations defining static black holes
parametrized by off-diagonal metrics which by anholonomic mappings can be
equivalently transformed into some diagonal metrics with coefficients being
very similar to those from the Schwarzschild and/or Reissner-N\"ordstrom
solutions with anisotropic renormalizations of constants. We emphasize that
such classes of solutions, for instance, with ellipsoidal symmetry of horizons,
can be constructed even in general relativity theory if off-diagonal metrics
and anholonomic frames are introduced into considerations. Such solutions do
not violate the Israel's uniqueness theorems on static black hole
configurations because at long radial distances one holds the usual
Schwarzschild limit. We show that anisotropic deformations of the
Reissner-N\"ordstrom metric can be an exact solution on the brane,
re-interpreted as a black hole with an effective electromagnetic like charge
anisotropically induced and polarized by higher dimension gravitational
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113821 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Model for LES Without Test Filtering: Quantifying the Accuracy


  The dynamic model for large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flows requires
test filtering the resolved velocity fields in order to determine model
coefficients. However, test filtering is costly to perform in large-eddy
simulation of complex geometry flows, especially on unstructured grids. The
objective of this work is to develop and test an approximate but less costly
dynamic procedure which does not require test filtering. The proposed method is
based on Taylor series expansions of the resolved velocity fields. Accuracy is
governed by the derivative schemes used in the calculation and the number of
terms considered in the approximation to the test filtering operator. The
expansion is developed up to fourth order, and results are tested a priori
based on direct numerical simulation data of forced isotropic turbulence in the
context of the dynamic Smagorinsky model. The tests compare the dynamic
Smagorinsky coefficient obtained from filtering with those obtained from
application of the Taylor series expansion. They show that the expansion up to
second order provides a reasonable approximation to the true dynamic
coefficient (with errors on the order of about 5 % for c_s^2), but that
including higher-order terms does not necessarily lead to improvements in the
results due to inherent limitations in accurately evaluating high-order
derivatives. A posteriori tests using the Taylor series approximation in LES of
forced isotropic turbulence and channel flow confirm that the Taylor series
approximation yields accurate results for the dynamic coefficient. Moreover,
the simulations are stable and yield accurate resolved velocity statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126005 </DOCNO>
Possible Signatures of Quark-Hadron Phase Transitions inside Neutron


  The spin-down power of an isolated neutron star can drive its central density
increase and overall structural changes, and trigger a quark-hadron phase
transition. A series of observational signatures may be seen as a result of the
phase transition, including pulsar spin-down and glitch behaviors, Soft Gamma
Repeaters or Gamma-Ray Bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125970 </DOCNO>
The Detection of New Methanol Masers in the 5_{-1}-4_0E Line


  Fifty-one objects in the 5_{-1}-4_0E methanol line at 84.5 GHz were detected
during a survey of Class I maser sources. Narrow maser features were found in
17 of these. Broad quasi-thermal lines were detected towards other sources. One
of the objects with narrow features, the young bipolar outflow L 1157 was also
observed in the 8_0-7_1A+ line at 95.2 GHz; a narrow line was detected at this
frequency. Analysis showed that the broad lines are usually inverted. The
quasi-thermal profiles imply that the line opacities are not larger than
several units. These results confirm the plausibility of models in which
compact Class I masers appear in extended sources as a result of an appropriate
velocity field.
  Measurements of linear polarization at 84.5 GHz in 13 sources were made. No
polarization was found except a tentative detection of a weak polarization in M
8E.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129322 </DOCNO>
Spheroidal Galaxies/QSOs Connection


  In view of the extensive evidence of a tight inter-relationship between
spheroidal galaxies (and galactic bulges) and massive black holes hosted at
their centers, a consistent model must deal jointly with the evolution of the
two components. We describe one viable model, which successfully accounts for
the local luminosity function of spheroidal galaxies, their photometric and
chemical properties, deep galaxy counts in different wavebands, including those
in the (sub)-mm region which proved to be critical for current semi-analytic
models stemming from the standard hierarchical clustering picture, clustering
properties of SCUBA galaxies, of EROs, and of LBGs, as well as for the local
mass function of massive black holes and for quasar evolution. Predictions that
can be tested by surveys carried out by SIRTF are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124241 </DOCNO>
NICMOS Imaging of the Cores of M 31 and M 32


  We present 1.1, 1.6, and 2.2 micron images of the cores of the Local Group
galaxies M 31 and M 32 obtained with the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object
Spectrometer (NICMOS) instrument of the Hubble Space Telescope. These images
are also compared to optical images of the galaxies obtained with the HST Wide
Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2). In M 31 the nucleus remains distinctly
asymmetric in all of the infrared bands, with no evidence of concentrated dust,
although the distinction between the two nuclei, P1 and P2, is not as strong as
in the WFPC and WFPC2 images. This result is nonetheless consistent with the
model of the nucleus as an eccentric stellar disk produced by the dynamical
influence of a central supermassive black hole. Several individual M-giant
stars are detected within ~ 3" of the nuclei, and may represent stars that have
escaped from the disk and phase-mixed around the nuclear center of mass. In M
32 we also do not find strong evidence of dust, and the brightness profiles
within the central ~ 1" of the infrared images can be fitted by a power law of
the same form as that fitted to the optical images. The infrared color profiles
of the central few arcseconds of M 32 show no strong gradients, and indicate a
population dominated by K-giant stars. This is consistent with recent
groud-based spectroscopy and photometry of the core region, which similarly
show no strong gradients in age or metallicity within its stellar population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73799 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Physical Compactification of the Extra Dimensions


  We conjecture that the extra dimensions are physical non-compact at high
energy scale or high temperature; after the symmetry breaking or cosmological
phase transition, the bulk cosmological constant may become negative, and then,
the extra dimensions may become physical compact at low energy scale. We show
this in a five-dimensional toy brane model with three parallel 3-branes and a
real bulk scalar whose potential is temperature dependent. We also point out
that after the global or gauge symmetry breaking, or the supersymmetry breaking
in supergravity theory, the spontaneous physical compactification of the extra
dimensions might be realized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72613 </DOCNO>
Bubble Walls, CP Violation and Electroweak Baryogenesis in the MSSM


  We discuss the generation of the baryon asymmetry by a strong first order
electroweak phase transition in the early universe, particularly in the context
of the MSSM. This requires a thorough numerical treatment of the bubble wall
profile in the case of two Higgs fields. CP violating complex particle masses
varying with the Higgs field in the wall are essential. Since in the MSSM there
is no indication of spontaneous CP violation around the critical temperature
(contrary to the NMSSM) we have to rely on standard explicit CP violation.
Using the WKB approximation for particles in the plasma we are led to Boltzmann
transport equations for the difference of left-handed particles and their CP
conjugates. This asymmetry is finally transformed into a baryon asymmetry by
out of equilibrium sphaleron transitions in the symmetric phase. We solve the
transport equations and find a baryon asymmetry depending mostly on the CP
violating phases and the wall velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73212 </DOCNO>
A Feynman graph selection tool in GRACE system


  We present a Feynman graph selection tool {\tt grcsel}, which is an
interpreter written in C language. In the framework of {\tt GRACE}, it enables
us to get a subset of Feynman graphs according to given conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96232 </DOCNO>
Sections hyperplanes et endomorphismes de l'espace projectif


  We show that any hyperplane section of a variety which is the inverse image
of a smooth variety of dimension at least 2 by an endomorphism (wich is not an
automorphism) of the projective space, is linearly complete. We stress the case
of smooth surfaces in projective fourspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73512 </DOCNO>
The strange border of the QCD phases


  We address the flavour composition along the border between the hadronic and
the quark-gluon plasma phases of QCD. The ratio of strange to up and down
antiquarks ($\lambda_s$) produced in partic le and nuclear collisions, is found
to increase in collisions with initially reached energy density ($\epsilon_i$)
up to $\epsilon_{crit}$ $\sim$ 1 GeV/$fm^3$. Above this value it decreases
approximately linearly and reaches its asymptotic value at zero baryon chemical
potential ($\mu_B$). We demonstrate that $\lambda_s$ in nuclear collisions is
approaching its asymptotic value at $\epsilon_i$ $\sim$ 8-9 GeV/$fm^3$,
corresponding to $\sqrt{s}$ $\sim$ 3-8 TeV per nucleon+nucleon pair which will
be reached at the LHC. After correcting for the difference in the chemical
potentials of various colliding systems, $\lambda_s$ universally saturates
across the QCD phase boundary, following the temperature. Recent experimental
puzzles as the increase in the $K/\pi$ ratio in Pb+Pb collisions at 40 GeV per
nucleon, its different behaviour at midrapidity, the decrease of the double
ratio of $K/\pi$(A+A/p+p) in nucleus nucleus over p+p collisions with
increasing $\sqrt{s}$, and the increase of $\lambda_s$ in p+A over p+p
collisions at the same $\sqrt{s}$, are naturally explained. We study the
approach of thermodynamic observables at $\mu_B=0$ to the transition point and
extract an estimate of the critical temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99117 </DOCNO>
The bar construction as a Hopf algebra


  Recall that deformations of Hochschild cochains are controlled by a homotopy
Baues algebra structure, and therefore a homotopy Gerstenhaber algebra
structure on the Hochschild complex. The purpose of the present article is
twofold. We first answer one of the classical questions addressed to algebraic
topology. Namely, we construct a homotopy Baues algebra structure on singular
cochain complexes, that is a differential Hopf algebra structure on their bar
construction. The question goes back to the work of Adams on the cobar
construction and has been solved partially by Baues, who has constructed such a
structure in the particular case of 1-reduced spaces. Our second purpose is to
show that these structures are compatible with the Gerstenhaber and Schack
cohomology comparison theorem. A strong version of this theorem asserts that
there is a cochain equivalence between the Hochschild complex of a certain
algebra and the usual singular cochain complex of a space. We prove that this
cochain equivalence is induced by a morphism of homotopy Baues algebras. On
that ground, we point out that the meaning of the Deligne Hochschild cohomology
conjecture can be understood differently as it is classically (e.g. in the work
of Kontsevich-Soibelman).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126264 </DOCNO>
H-atom laser without inversion (LWI) in space: a possible explanation


  A model is suggested to explain the frequently observed presence of intense,
narrow-band, H(alpha) emission lines in the optical spectra of reddened,
early-type stars (e.g. HD 44179, IRAS 18179-1346, IRAS 20298+4011). It is
proposed that hydrogen atoms surrounding compact H II regions enveloping such
stars become coherently phased via a nonlinear photonic mechanism that leads to
`electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)'. EIT is a powerful technique
that can be used to make a material system transparent to resonant laser
radiation, while still allowing large nonlinear resonant processes to occur
with high probability. In EIT terminology, a `Lambda' configuration, involving
H-atom levels (1s, 3p, and 2s), is here assumed to be operative. The EIT
`coupling beam' is the narrow-band H(alpha) radiation predicted to be
coherently generated via a standard `laser without inversion (LWI)' scenario
when coherently phased atoms are excited to the 3p level by means of a separate
nonlinear excitation process known as resonant hyper-Raman scattering (HRS). In
the unit HRS pumping process, a pair of far-ultraviolet (FUV) photons, with
frequencies lying very close to Ly- beta but offset from it by equal amounts to
high and low energies, are absorbed from the star's blackbody continuum, a
photon at Ly-beta line center is emitted, and an atom is excited to the 3p
level - with all events in this energy conserving process occurring
simultaneously. The EIT `probe beam' is the light predicted to be coherently
generated at Ly-beta line center, which - as a result of the complete linear
transparency afforded at this frequency by the coherently phased H atoms - can
propagate completely unattenuated through the optically thick H-atom cloud
surrounding the star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127851 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation History of the Large Magellanic Cloud


  Using WFPC2 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, we have created deep
color-magnitude diagrams in the V and I passbands for approximately 100,000
stars in a field at the center of the LMC bar and another in the disk. The
main--sequence luminosity functions (LFs) from 19 mag < V < 23.5 mag, the red
clump and horizontal branch morphologies, and the differential Hess diagram of
the two fields all strongly imply that the disk and bar have significantly
different star-formation histories (SFHs). The disk's SFH has been relatively
smooth and continuous over the last 15 Gyr while the bar's SFH was dominated by
star formation episodes at intermediate ages. Comparison of the LF against
predictions based on Padova theoretical stellar evolution models and an assumed
age-metallicity relationship allows us to identify the dominant stellar
populations in the bar with episodes of star formation that occurred from 4 to
6 and 1 to 2 Gyr ago. These events accounted, respectively, for approximately
25% and 15% of its stellar mass. The disk field may share a mild enhancement in
SF for the younger episode, and thus we identify the 4 to 6 Gyr episode with
the formation of the LMC bar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97378 </DOCNO>
On the Jacobi Group and the Mapping Class Group of $S^3\times S^3$


  The paper containes a proof that the mapping class group of the manifold
$S^3\times S^3$ is isomorphic to a central extension of the (full) Jacobi group
$\Gamma^J$ by the group of 7-dimensional homotopy spheres. Using a presentation
of the group $\Gamma^J$ and the $\mu$-invariant of the homotopy spheres, we
give a presentation of the mapping class group of $S^3\times S^3$ with
generators and defining relations. We also compute cohomology of the group
$\Gamma^J$ and determine a 2-cocycle that corresponds to the mapping class
group of $S^3\times S^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74094 </DOCNO>
The endpoint region in radiative quarkonia decays


  We consider the inclusive radiative decays quarkonium -> gamma + hadrons and
examine the effects of soft QCD radiation on the photon energy spectrum near
the endpoint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76580 </DOCNO>
Singly produced new physics particles in future colliders


  Single production at hadron and photon colliders of gluinos and sneutrinos of
supersymmetric models, as well as radions of the Randall-Sundrum model, is
discussed. In the case of supersymmetry, R-parity breaking is needed in order
to produce single susy particles. Resonant production of radions is considered
at gamma-gamma collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74991 </DOCNO>
On P-wave meson decay constants in the heavy quark limit of QCD


  In previous work it has been shown that, either from a sum rule for the
subleading Isgur-Wise function $\xi_3(1)$ or from a combination of Uraltsev and
Bjorken SR, one infers for $P$-wave states $|\tau_{1/2}(1)| \ll
|\tau_{3/2}(1)|$. This implies, in the heavy quark limit of QCD, a hierarchy
for the {\it production} rates of $P$-states $\Gamma(\bar{B}_d \to D ({1 \over
2}) \ell \nu) \ll \Gamma(\bar{B}_d \to D ({3 \over 2}) \ell \nu)$ that seems at
present to be contradicted by experiment. It was also shown that the decay
constants of $j = {3 \over 2}$ $P$-states vanish in the heavy quark limit of
QCD, $f_{3/2}^{(n)} = 0$. Assuming the {\it model} of factorization in the
decays $\bar{B}_d \to \bar{D}_s^{**}D$, one expects the opposite hierarchy for
the {\it emission} rates $\Gamma(\bar{B}_d \to \bar{D}_s ({3 \over 2}) D) \ll
\Gamma(\bar{B}_d \to \bar{D}_s ({1 \over 2}) D)$, since $j = {1 \over 2}$
$P$-states are coupled to vacuum. Moreover, using Bjorken SR and previously
discovered SR involving heavy-light meson decay constants and IW functions, one
can prove that the sums $\sum\limits_n ({f^{(n)} \over f^{(0)}})^2$,
$\sum\limits_n ({f_{1/2}^{(n)} \over f^{(0)}})^2$ (where $f^{(n)}$ and
$f_{1/2}^{(n)}$ are the decay constants of $S$-states and $j = {1\over 2}$
$P$-states) are divergent. This situation seems to be realized in the
relativistic quark models \`a la Bakamjian and Thomas, that satisfy HQET and
predict decays constants $f^{(n)}$ and $f_{1/2}^{(n)}$ that do not decrease
with the radial quantum number $n$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96542 </DOCNO>
Mixed Tate Motives and Multiple Zeta Values


  In this paper, we construct an object of the abelian category of mixed Tate
motive associated to multiple zeta values. as a consequence, we prove the
inequality of the dimension of the vector space generated by multiple zeta
values, which is conjectured by Zagier. (Some errors was corrected from the
first version. Namely, we changed the definition of the boundary $\bold B^0$.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83756 </DOCNO>
Enumerating Foldings and Unfoldings between Polygons and Polytopes


  We pose and answer several questions concerning the number of ways to fold a
polygon to a polytope, and how many polytopes can be obtained from one polygon;
and the analogous questions for unfolding polytopes to polygons. Our answers
are, roughly: exponentially many, or nondenumerably infinite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5300 </DOCNO>
Quantum coherent dynamics in molecular magnetic rings


  We present detailed calculations of low-energy spin dynamics in the ``ferric
wheel'' systems Na:Fe_6 and Cs:Fe_8 in a magnetic field. We compute by exact
diagonalization the low-energy spectra and matrix elements for total-spin and
N'eel-vector components, and thus the time-dependent correlation functions of
these operators. We compare our results with semiclassical tunneling
descriptions, and discuss their implications for mesoscopic quantum coherence,
as well as for the experimental techniques to observe it, in molecular magnetic
rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86543 </DOCNO>
Gravitational singularities via acceleration: the case of the


  The so called gamma metric corresponds to a two-parameter family of axially
symmetric, static solutions of Einstein's equations found by Bach. It contains
the Schwarzschild solution for a particular value of one of the parameters,
that rules a deviation from spherical symmetry. It is reminded that the
Kretschmann scalar proves to be an unreliable detector of the gravitational
singularities of this metric, since its limit value on approaching the
``Schwarzschild radius'' jumps from a finite value to infinity as soon as the
slightest deviation from the spherical symmetry is allowed for. It is shown
also that, for the same metric, the norm of the acceleration of a test particle
kept at rest (a measure of the strength of the gravitational pull considered
long ago by Whittaker) by no means displays the erratic behaviour of the
Kretschmann scalar, since it stably diverges when the ``Schwarzschild radius''
is approached for values of the above mentioned parameter lying in a suitable
interval that includes the value corresponding to spherical symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124534 </DOCNO>
A Simple Model for r-Process Scatter and Halo Evolution


  Recent observations of heavy elements produced by rapid neutron capture
(r-process) in the halo have shown a striking and unexpected behavior: within a
single star, the relative abundances of r-process elements heavier than Eu are
the same as the same as those of solar system matter, while across stars with
similar metallicity Fe/H, the r/Fe ratio varies over two orders of magnitude.
In this paper we present a simple analytic model which describes a star's
abundances in terms of its ``ancestry,'' i.e., the number of nucleosynthesis
events (e.g., supernova explosions) which contributed to the star's
composition. This model leads to a very simple analytic expression for the
abundance scatter versus Fe/H, which is in good agreement with the data and
with more sophisticated numerical models. We investigate two classes of
scenarios for r-process nucleosynthesis, one in which r-process synthesis
events occur in only \sim 4% of supernovae but iron synthesis is ubiquitous,
and one in which iron nucleosynthesis occurs in only about 9% of supernovae.
(the Wasserburg- Qian model). We find that the predictions in these scenarios
are similar for [Fe/H] \ga -2.5, but that these models can be readily
distinguished observationally by measuring the dispersion in r/Fe at [Fe/H] \la
-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114237 </DOCNO>
Database and Channel Access on the VEPP-4


  The VEPP-4 control system was designed almost 20 years ago as CAMAC-based
distributed control system. Today the main peculiarity of the upgraded VEPP-4
control system is the employment of obsolete CAMAC-embedded 24-bit Odrenok
computers in the middle (process) level. The communication software is
developed to provide an effective interaction between user (operator)
applications on the high level and executive programs in the middle level. The
communication software is Linux-based and includes the Application Server and
Device Servers. The Application Server provides channel and database access for
user applications. The Device Servers provide interaction with the hardware.
The backend database server is based on PostgreSQL. This paper describes the
structure of the VEPP-4 control system database and data/channel access
procedures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87195 </DOCNO>
Relativity and c/sqrt{3}


  We define the critical coordinate velocity v_c. A particle moving radially in
Schwarzschild background with this velocity, v_c= c/sqrt 3, is neither
accelerated, nor decelerated if gravitational field is weak, r_g << r, where
r_g is the gravitational radius, while r is the current one.
  We find that the numerical coincidence of v_c with velocity of sound in
ultrarelativistic plasma, u_s, is accidental, since two velocities are
different if the number of spatial dimensions is not equal to 3

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114157 </DOCNO>
On the Doppler distortion of the sea-wave spectra


  Discussions on a form of a frequency spectrum of wind-driven sea waves just
above the spectral maximum continue during the last three decades. In 1958
Phillips made a conjecture that wave breaking is the main mechanism responsible
for the spectrum formation. That leads to the spectrum decay $\sim
\omega^{-5}$, where $\omega$ is the frequency of the waves. There is a
contradiction between the numerous experimental data and this spectrum. The
experiments show decay $\sim\omega^{-4}$. There are two general ways of the
explanation of this phenomenon. The first one (proposed by Banner (1990)) takes
into account the Doppler effect due to surface circular currents generated by
long waves in the Phillips model. The second approach ascends to the work by
Zakharov and Filonenko (1968). It is based on four-wave interactions in the
kinetic equation and gives good agreement with the experimental data.
  In this article the contribution to the Phillips model due to the Doppler
effect was examined. We considered the cases of isotropic and strongly
anisotropic spectra. Both analytical results and numerical computations give us
an evidence to state that the Doppler effect cannot explain the divergence of
Phillips model with experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3811 </DOCNO>
Infinite series of magnetization plateaus in the frustrated


  The dimer-plaquette chain undergoes a first order transition driven by
frustration to an orthogonal dimer ground state. We analyze the magnetization
curve in this orthogonal dimer regime. Besides of the recently found
magnetization plateaus at m=1/4 and the m=1/2 we find an infinite sequence of
plateaus between m=1/4 and m=1/2. These additional plateaus belong to
magnetizations m(n)=n/(2n+2), where n is a positive integer number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4884 </DOCNO>
Glassy dynamics in granular compaction: sand on random graphs


  We discuss the use of a ferromagnetic spin model on a random graph to model
granular compaction. A multi-spin interaction is used to capture the
competition between local and global satisfaction of constraints characteristic
for geometric frustration. We define an athermal dynamics designed to model
repeated taps of a given strength. Amplitude cycling and the effect of
permanently constraining a subset of the spins at a given amplitude is
discussed. Finally we check the validity of Edwards' hypothesis for the
athermal tapping dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96571 </DOCNO>
Product formulas on a unitary group in three variables


  We obtain some basic partial differential operators connected with
nonholomorphic automorphic forms on $\Gamma \backslash U(2, 1)/K$. We give the
corresponding Eisenstein series of weight $k$ and automorphic Green functions
of weight $k$. Moreover, we get the product formulas connected with them. As a
consequence of the product formulas, we give the functional equations of
Eisenstein series associated to a convex cocompact subgroup of U(2,1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74655 </DOCNO>
Tau Neutrinos from Astrophysical and Cosmological Sources


  Previous work on the neutrino spectra from high energy sources has not
included the tau neutrinos directly produced by the decays in the source. Here
we consider the tau neutrino component and discuss how its inclusion modifies
the expected neutrino spectra. We discuss implications for interpreting any
observed tau neutrino component in TeV - UHE events as evidence of nu_mu -->
nu_tau oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95894 </DOCNO>
Generalized Maxwell and Weyl Equations for Massless Particles


  I discuss generalized Maxwell and Weyl equations. They may lead to dynamics
which are different from those accepted at the present time. For instance, the
photon may have non-transverse components and the neutrino may be not in
the chiral states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95729 </DOCNO>
On an Algorithm of Frieze


  In 1988, A. M. Frieze published an algorithm for obtaining a hamilton cycle
in an extremal random digraph. Its running time was O(n^{1.5}). Using a
different algorithm for Step 1, the running time of his algorithm is reduced to
O(n^{(4/3) + o(1)}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1003 </DOCNO>
Compensation of the spin of a quantum dot at Coulomb blockade


  We discuss a new entangled state that has been observed in the conduction
across a quantum dot. At Coulomb blockade, electrons from the contacts
correlate strongly to those localized in the dot, due to cotunneling processes.
Because of the strong Coulomb repulsion on the dot, its electron number is
unchanged w.r.to the dot in isolation, but the total spin is fully or
partly compensated. In a dot with N=even at the singlet-triplet
crossing, which occurs in large magnetic field, Kondo correlations lead to a
total spin S=1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7469 </DOCNO>
The Damping of the Bose-Condensate Oscillations in a Trap at Zero


  We discuss an existence of the damping for the radial condensate oscillations
in a cylindric trap at zero temperature. The damping is a result of the
parametric resonance leading to energy transfer from the coherent condensate
oscillations to the longitudinal sound waves within a finite frequency
interval. The parametric resonance is due to the oscillations of the sound
velocity. The triggering amplitudes at zero temperature are associated with the
zero-point oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97408 </DOCNO>
Elementary parabolic twist


  The twist deformations for simple Lie algebras U(g) whose twisting elements F
are known explicitly are usually defined on the carrier subspace injected in
the Borel subalgebra B^+(g). We solve the problem of creating the parabolic
twist F_P whose carrier algebra P not only covers B^+(g) but also intersects
nontrivially with B^-(g). This algebra P is the parabplic subalgebra in sl(3)
and has the structure of the algebra of two-dimensional motions. The parabolic
twist is explicitly constructed as a composition of the well known extended
jordanian twist F_EJ and the new factor F_D. The latter can be considered as a
special version of the jordanian twist. The twisted costructure is found for
U(P) and the corresponding universal R-matrix is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3330 </DOCNO>
Mean-Field Treatment of the Many-Body Fokker-Planck Equation


  We review some properties of the stationary states of the Fokker - Planck
equation for N interacting particles within a mean field approximation, which
yields a non-linear integrodifferential equation for the particle density.
Analytical results show that for attractive long range potentials the steady
state is always a precipitate containing one cluster of small size. For
arbitrary potential, linear stability analysis allows to state the conditions
under which the uniform equilibrium state is unstable against small
perturbations and, via the Einstein relation, to define a critical temperature
Tc separating two phases, uniform and precipitate. The corresponding phase
diagram turns out to be strongly dependent on the pair-potential. In addition,
numerical calculations reveal that the transition is hysteretic. We finally
discuss the dynamics of relaxation for the uniform state suddenly cooled below
Tc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174786 </DOCNO>
Origins of Intermediate Velocity Particle Production in Heavy Ion


  Investigation of intermediate-velocity particle production is performed on
entrance channel mass asymmetric collisions of 58Ni+C and 58Ni+Au at 34.5
MeV/nucleon. Distinctions between prompt pre-equilibrium ejections, multiple
neck ruptures and an alternative phenomenon of delayed aligned asymmetric
breakup is achieved using source reconstructed correlation observables and
time-based cluster recognition in molecular dynamics simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127245 </DOCNO>
Gravitational instability of finite isothermal spheres in general


  We investigate the effects of relativity on the gravitational instability of
finite isothermal gaseous spheres. In the first part of the paper, we treat the
gravitational field within the framework of Newtonian mechanics but we use a
relativistic equation of state in the condition of hydrostatic equilibrium. In
the second part of the paper, we study the full general relativistic problem
for a gas described by an equation of state $p=q\epsilon$ such that the
pressure is proportional to the energy density (``isothermal'' distribution).
For $q=1/3$, this equation of state describes the core of neutron stars. The
mass-density diagram displays some damped oscillations and there exists a
critical value of mass-energy above which no equilibrium state is possible. We
show analytically that the mass peaks are associated with new modes of
instability. These results are strikingly similar to those obtained by Antonov
[Vest. Leningr. Gos. Univ. 7, 135 (1962)] and Lynden-Bell & Wood (1968) for a
classical isothermal gas. Our study completes the analogy between isothermal
spheres and neutron stars investigated by Yabushita [MNRAS 167, 95 (1974)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87262 </DOCNO>
Innermost circular orbit of binary black holes at the third


  The equations of motion of two point masses have recently been derived at the
3PN approximation of general relativity. From that work we determine the
location of the innermost circular orbit or ICO, defined by the minimum of the
binary's 3PN energy as a function of the orbital frequency for circular orbits.
We find that the post-Newtonian series converges well for equal masses. Spin
effects appropriate to corotational black-hole binaries are included. We
compare the result with a recent numerical calculation of the ICO in the case
of two black holes moving on exactly circular orbits (helical symmetry). The
agreement is remarkably good, indicating that the 3PN approximation is adequate
to locate the ICO of two black holes with comparable masses. This conclusion is
reached with the post-Newtonian expansion expressed in the standard Taylor
form, without using resummation techniques such as Pad\'e approximants and/or
effective-one-body methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124193 </DOCNO>
The Structure and Evolution of Magnetized Cloud Cores in a Zero--Density


  Molecular-line observations of star-forming cloud cores indicate that they
are not the flattened structures traditionally considered by theory. Rather,
they are elongated, perhaps in the direction of their internal magnetic field.
We are thus motivated to consider the structure and evolution of axisymmetric,
magnetized clouds that start from a variety of initial states, both flattened
(oblate) and elongated (prolate). We devise a new technique, dubbed the
$q$-method, that allows us to construct magnetostatic equilibria of any
specified shape. We find, in agreement with previous authors, that the field
lines in oblate clouds bend inward. However, those in prolate clouds bow
outward, confining the structures through magnetic tension.
  We next follow the quasi-static evolution of these clouds via ambipolar
diffusion, under the assumption of constant core mass. An oblate cloud either
relaxes to a magnetically force-free sphere or, if sufficiently massive,
flattens along its polar axis as its central density runs away. A prolate cloud
always relaxes to a sphere of modest central density. We finally consider the
evolution of an initially spherical cloud subject to the tidal gravity of
neighboring bodies. Although the structure constricts equatorially, it also
shortens along the pole, so that it ultimately flattens on the way to collapse.
In summary, none of our initial states can evolve to the point of collapse
while maintaining an elongated shape. We speculate that this situation will
change once we allow the cloud to gain mass from its environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169409 </DOCNO>
Comments on `Stable Quantum Computation of Unstable Classical Chaos,'


  Recently, the paper B. Georgeot and D.L. Shepelyansky, Phys. Rev. Lett._86_,
5393 (2001) has been criticized [C. Zalka, quant-ph/0110019; L. Di'osi,
quant-ph/0110026]. The Letter claims an exponential speedup and reduction in
error sensitivity, when phase-space density evolution under the Arnold cat map
is performed on a quantum computer. On the one hand, some points have not yet
been made by previous respondents. On the other, the authors' reaction
[quant-ph/0110142] raises new issues. The present note addresses both.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124671 </DOCNO>
Adaptive optics imaging of low and intermediate redshift quasars


  We present the results of adaptive-optics imaging in the H and K bands of 12
low and intermediate redshift (z<0.6) quasars using the PUEO system mounted on
the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope. Five quasars are radio-quiet and seven are
radio-loud. The images, obtained under poor seeing conditions, and with the
QSOs (mV>15.0) themselves as reference for the correction, have typical spatial
resolution of FWHM~0.3 arcsec before deconvolution. The deconvolved H-band
image of PG1700+514 has a spatial resolution of 0.16 arcsec and reveals a
wealth of details on the companion and the host-galaxy. Four out of the twelve
quasars have close companions and obvious signs of interactions. The
two-dimensional images of three of the host-galaxies unambiguously reveal bars
and spiral arms. The morphology of the other objects are difficult to determine
from one dimensional surface brightness profile and deeper images are needed.
Analysis of mocked data shows that elliptical galaxies are always recognized as
such, whereas disk hosts can be missed for small disk scale lengths and large
QSO contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75372 </DOCNO>
Beyond the soft photon approximation in radiative production and decay


  We study the effects of model-dependent contributions and the electric
quadrupole moment of vector mesons in the decays $V^- \to P^-P^0\gamma$ and
$\tau^- \to \nu V^-\gamma$. Their interference with the amplitude originating
from the radiation due to electric charges vanishes for photons emitted
collinearly to the charged particle in the final state. This brings further
support to our claim in previous works, that measurements of the photon energy
spectrum for nearly collinear photons in those decays are suitable for a first
measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of charged vector mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168648 </DOCNO>
Decoherence in a classically chaotic quantum system: entropy production


  We study the decoherence process for an open quantum system which is
classically chaotic (a quartic double well with harmonic driving coupled to a
sea of harmonic oscillators). We analyze the time dependence of the rate of
entropy production showing that it has two relevant regimes: For short times it
is proportional to the diffusion coefficient (fixed by the system--environment
coupling strength). For longer times (but before equilibration) it is fixed by
dynamical properties of the system (and is related to the Lyapunov exponent).
The nature of the transition time between both regimes is investigated and the
issue of quantum to classical correspondence is addressed. Finally, the impact
of the interaction with the environment on coherent tunneling is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149613 </DOCNO>
Brane collisions in anti-de Sitter space


  From the requirement of continuous matching of bulk metric around the point
of brane collision we derive a conservation law for collisions of p-branes in
(p+2)-dimensional space-time. This conservation law relates energy densities on
the branes before and after the collision. Using this conservation law we are
able to calculate the amount of matter produced in the collision of
orbifold-fixed brane with a bulk brane in the ``ekpyrotic/pyrotechnic type''
models of brane cosmologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129694 </DOCNO>
Population X: Are the super-Eddington X-ray sources beamed jets in


  Recent X-ray observations reveal an increasing number of X-ray sources in
nearby galaxies exceeding luminosities of L_x > 2 10^39 erg/s. Assuming
isotropic emission, the Eddington limit suggests a population of
intermediate-mass black holes of M_bh >> 10 M_sun. However, Markoff, Falcke, &
Fender (2001) proposed that jets may be contributing to the X-ray emission from
X-ray binaries (XRBs), implying that some X-ray sources may be relativistically
beamed. This could reduce the required black hole masses to standard values. To
test this hypothesis, we investigate a simple X-ray population synthesis model
for X-ray point sources in galaxies with relativistic beaming and compare it
with an isotropic emission model. The model is used to explain a combined data
set of X-ray point sources in nearby galaxies. We show that the current
distributions are consistent with black hole masses M_bh <=10 M_sun and bulk
Lorentz factors for jets in microquasars of gamma_j ~ 5. Alternatively,
intermediate mass black holes up to 1000 M_sun are required which are
distributed in a powerlaw with roughly dN/dM ~ M^-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148023 </DOCNO>
String versus Einstein frame in an AdS/CFT induced quantum dilatonic


  AdS/CFT induced quantum dilatonic brane-world where 4d boundary is flat or de
Sitter (inflationary) or Anti-de Sitter brane is considered. The classical
brane tension is fixed but boundary QFT produces the effective brane tension
via the account of corresponding conformal anomaly induced effective action.
This results in inducing of brane-worlds in accordance with AdS/CFT set-up as
warped compactification. The explicit, independent construction of quantum
induced dilatonic brane-worlds in two frames: string and Einstein one is done.
It is demonstrated their complete equivalency for all quantum cosmological
brane-worlds under discussion, including several examples of classical
brane-world black holes. This is different from quantum corrected 4d dilatonic
gravity where de Sitter solution exists in Einstein but not in Jordan (string)
frame. The role of quantum corrections on massive graviton perturbations around
Anti-de Sitter brane is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1560 </DOCNO>
Surface effects in multiband superconductors. Application to MgB$_2$


  Metals with many bands at the Fermi level can have different band dependent
gaps in the superconducting state. The absence of translational symmetry at an
interface can induce interband scattering and modify the superconducting
properties. We dicuss the relevance of these effects to recent experiments in
MgB$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95648 </DOCNO>
Integral Structures on H-type Lie Algebras


  In this paper we prove that every H-type Lie algebra possesses a basis with
respect to which the structure constants are integers. Existence of such an
integral basis implies via the Mal'cev criterion that all simply connected
H-type Lie groups contain cocompact lattices. Since the Campbell-Hausdorff
formula is very simple for two-step nilpotent Lie groups we can actually avoid
invoking the Mal'cev criterion and exhibit our lattices in an explicit way. As
an application, we calculate the isoperimetric dimensions of H-type groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3760 </DOCNO>
Doping state of multi-wall carbon nanotubes wires and quantum dots


  Employing strong electrostatic gating (liquid-ion gating), the position of
the Fermi energy E_F (relative to the charge-neutrality point) was determined
in multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). E_F is negative (hole doping) and
amounts to \approx -0.3 eV for MWNTs in air. Evidence that water, and not
oxygen, is the main source of doping has been found. As a consequence, the
number M of occupied 1d-modes (not counting spin) is >2, i.e. M \approx 10.
This is supported by the single-electron level spacing, deduced from observed
single-electron charging effects (SET) at low temperature. The latter are
dominated by co-tunneling processes, as we observe the Kondo effect. This
provides evidence, that highly transmissive channels are present in MWNTs at
low temperature, despite the `disorder' observed in previous experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81491 </DOCNO>
A Lattice Study of the Magnetic Moment and the Spin Structure of the


  Using an approach free from momentum extrapolation, we calculate the nucleon
magnetic moment and the fraction of the nucleon spin carried by the quark
angular momentum in the quenched lattice QCD approximation. Quarks with three
values of lattice masses, 210, 124 and 80 MeV, are formulated on the lattice
using the standard Wilson approach. At every mass, 100 gluon configurations on
16^3 x 32 lattice with \beta=6.0 are used for statistical averaging. The
results are compared with the previous calculations with momentum
extrapolation. The contribution of the disconnected diagrams is studied at the
largest quark mass using noise theory technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73695 </DOCNO>
Radiative leptonic B decays in the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter approach


  Rare radiative leptonic decay $B\to l\bar \nu_l \gamma$ is studied in the
instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter approach. The results are compared to other
relativistic quark model predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125398 </DOCNO>
Are There Blue, Massive E/S0s at z < 1 ?: Kinematics of Blue Spheroidal


  Several recent studies find that 10 - 50% of morphologically selected field
early-type galaxies at redshifts z <= 1 have blue colors indicative of recent
star formation. Such ``blue spheroids''might be massive early-type galaxies
with active star formation, perhaps induced by recent merger events.
  Alternatively, they could be starbursting, low-mass spheroids. To distinguish
between these two choices, we have selected 10 ``Blue Spheroid Candidates''
  (hereafter, BSCs) from a quantitatively selected E/S0 sample and studied
their properties, including kinematics from Keck spectra obtained as part of
the DEEP Groth Strip Survey (GSS). Most BSCs (70%) turn out to belong to two
broad categories, while the remaining objects are likely to be misclassified
objects. Type-1 BSCs have underlying red stellar components with bluer inner
components. Type-2 BSCs do not show an obvious sign of the underlying red
stellar component, and their overall colors are quite blue ((U-B)_rest < 0).
  Both Type-1 and Type-2 BSCs have internal velocity dispersions measured from
emission lines sigma < 80$ km/sec and estimated dynamical masses of only a few
times 10^10 M_sun or less. For Type-1 BSCs, we estimate sigma of the red
component using the fundamental plane relation of distant field absorption-line
galaxies and find that these sigma estimates are similar to the sigma measured
from emission lines. Overall, we conclude that our Type-1 and Type-2 BSCs are
more likely to be star-forming low mass spheroids than star-forming, massive,
early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125396 </DOCNO>
Combining maximum-entropy and the mexican hat wavelet to reconstruct the


  We present a maximum-entropy method (MEM) and `Mexican Hat' wavelet (MHW)
joint analysis to recover the different components of the microwave sky from
simulated observations by the ESA Planck satellite in a small patch of the sky.
This combined method allows one to improve the CMB, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and
Galactic foregrounds separation achieved by the MEM technique alone. In
particular, the reconstructed CMB map is free from any bright point source
contamination. The joint analysis also produces point source catalogues at each
Planck frequency which are more complete and accurate than those obtained by
each method on its own. The results are especially improved at high frequencies
where infrared galaxies dominate the point source contribution. Although this
joint technique has been performed on simulated Planck data, it could be easily
applied to other multifrequency CMB experiments, such as the forthcoming NASA
MAP satellite or the recently performed Boomerang and MAXIMA experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40880 </DOCNO>
Measurement and Interpretation of Fermion-Pair Production at LEP


  An analysis of the data collected in 1997 and 1998 with the DELPHI detector
at e+e- collision energies close to 183 and 189 GeV was performed in order to
extract the hadronic and leptonic fermion-pair cross-sections, as well as the
leptonic forward-backward asymmetries and angular distributions. The data are
used to put limit on contact interactions between fermions, the exchange of
R-parity violating SUSY sneutrinos, Z' bosons and the existence of gravity in
extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40691 </DOCNO>
Constraining CP-Violating TGCs and Measuring W-Polarization at OPAL


  A measurement of the polarization of W bosons in semi-leptonically decaying W
pairs produced at 189 GeV is presented. Rates of longitudinally and
transversely polarized W bosons and correlation between two W bosons are
studied. The spin properties of the leptonically decaying W boson in the W
pairs was used to measure the CP-violating trilinear gauge boson couplings.
These results are compared with Standard Model expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73834 </DOCNO>
Related Power-law Growth of Particle Multiplicities near Midrapidity in


  A simple power-law growth of charged-particle multiplicities near midrapidity
in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=56$ and 130 GeV, recently
measured at RHIC, is derived. We give predictions for the central particle
densities up to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=1800$ GeV. A strong growth of the Au+Au
densities above those for $\ol{p}(p)-p$ collisions is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4334 </DOCNO>
On Synchronization, Persistence and Seasonality in some Spatially


  Recent studies in ecology and epidemiology indicate that it is important to
include spatial heterogeneity, synchronization and seasonality in the
theoretical models. In this work, spatial heterogeneity is introduced via
coupled map lattices (CML) and partial differential equations. Stability and
persistence of some realistic CML are discussed. Chaos control, synchronization
and persistence are studied for some CML. Some applications in population
biology and ecology are given. A simple method for finding the sufficient
conditions for the existence of periodic solutions for differential equations
with periodic coefficients is given. This will simplify the study of
seasonality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113712 </DOCNO>
Three-Dimensional Morphology of Vortex Interfaces Driven by


  We study the 3D topology of Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) and Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM)
single-modes, which includes bubbles, jets and saddle points. We present an
analytic description of the interface as a whole, for arbitrary time-dependant
acceleration g(t). The dependance of morphology on the lattice - Hexagonal,
square or triangular -of bubbles are investigated. RM accelerations in the case
of a large density ratio produce jets well separated from each other while, in
RT case, jets are connected by liquid sheets. We compare our analytic results
to numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124075 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Associated Absorption Lines in an X-Ray Warm Absorber:


  The presence of a ``warm absorber'' was first suggested to explain spectral
variability in an X-ray spectrum of the radio-quiet QSO MR2251-178. A unified
picture, in which X-ray warm absorbers and ``intrinsic'' UV absorbers are the
same, offers the opportunity to probe the nuclear environment of active
galactic nuclei. To test this scenario and understand the physical properties
of the absorber, we obtained a UV spectrum of MR2251-178 with the Faint Object
Spectrograph (FOS) onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The HST spectrum
clearly shows absorption due to Ly-alpha, NV and CIV, blueshifted by 300 km/sec
from the emission redshift of the QSO. The rarity of both X-ray and UV
absorbers in radio-quiet QSOs suggests these absorbers are physically related,
if not identical. Assuming the unified scenario, we place constraints on the
physical parameters of the absorber and conclude the mass outflow rate is
essentially the same as the accretion rate in MR2251-178.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2027 </DOCNO>
Angular Position of Nodes in the Superconducting Gap of Quasi-2D


  The thermal conductivity of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn_5 has
been studied in a magnetic field rotating within the 2D planes. A clear
fourfold symmetry of the thermal conductivity which is characteristic of a
superconducting gap with nodes along the (+-pi,+-pi)-directions is resolved.
The thermal conductivity measurement also reveals a first order transition at
H_c2, indicating a Pauli limited superconducting state. These results indicate
that the symmetry most likely belongs to d_{x^2-y^2}, implying that the
anisotropic antiferromagnetic fluctuation is relevant to the superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179532 </DOCNO>
Effects of negative energy components in two-body deuteron


  Several observables in two-body deuteron photodisintegration are investigated
in the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter formalism. Apart from keeping throughout
Lorentz covariance, a special attention is paid to inclusion of both the
positive energy and negative energy partial-wave components of the deuteron
state. Using the Bethe-Salpeter equation for deuteron in the ladder
approximation with one-boson exchanges as a driving force, the contribution of
the negative energy states is studied for the unpolarized differential cross as
well as the linear photon and tensor target asymmetries. These states are found
to have an impact on the observables and, thus, should be taken into account in
a complete theoretical development of the reaction in the intermediate energy
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76736 </DOCNO>
Wave functions and spectra from (S)DLCQ


  Applications of discretized light-cone quantization (DLCQ) to
(3+1)-dimensional Yukawa theory with Pauli-Villars regulators and of
supersymmetric DLCQ (SDLCQ) to (2+1)-dimensional super Yang-Mills theory are
discussed. The ability of these methods to provide wave functions as well as
spectra is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7104 </DOCNO>
High-Frequency Impedance of Driven Superlattices


  The complex impedance of a semiconductor superlattice biased into the regime
of negative differential conductivity and driven by an additional GHz ac
voltage is computed. From a simulation of the nonlinear spatio-temporal
dynamics of traveling field domains we obtain strong variations of the
amplitude and phase of the impedance with increasing driving frequency. These
serve as fingerprints of the underlying quasiperiodic or frequency locking
behavior. An anomalous phase shift appears as a result of phase synchronization
of the traveling domains. If the imaginary part of the impedance is compensated
by an external inductor, both the frequency and the intensity of the
oscillations strongly increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123828 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Survey of the Hubble Deep Field North Area. II. Results


  We present results from a 221.9 ks Chandra exposure of the HDF-N and its
vicinity, concentrating on the 8.6' X 8.7' area covered by the Caltech Faint
Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (the `Caltech area'). The minimum detectable
fluxes in the 0.5-2 keV and 2-8 keV bands are 1.3e-16 cgs and 6.5e-16 cgs,
respectively and a total of 82 sources are detected. More than 80% of the
extragalactic X-ray background in the 2-8 keV band is resolved. Redshifts are
available for 96% of the sources with R<23; the redshift range is 0.1-3.5 with
most sources having z < 1.5. Eight of the X-ray sources are located in the
HDF-N itself, including two not previously reported. A population of X-ray
faint, optically bright, nearby galaxies emerges at soft-band fluxes of ~<
3e-16 cgs.
  We set the tightest constraints to date on the X-ray emission properties of
microJy radio sources, mid-infrared sources detected by ISO, and very red
(R-K_s > 5.0) objects. Where both the infrared and the X-ray coverage are
deepest, 75% of the X-ray sources are detected by ISO; the high X-ray to
infrared matching rate bodes well for future sensitive infrared observations of
faint X-ray sources. Four of the 33 very red objects that have been identified
in the Caltech area by Hogg et al. (2000) are detected in X-rays; these four
are among our hardest Chandra sources, and we argue that they contain
moderately luminous obscured AGN. Overall, however, the small Chandra detection
fraction suggests a relatively small AGN content in the optically selected very
red object population. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1202 </DOCNO>
On quantization of weakly nonlinear lattices. Envelope solitons


  A way of quantizing weakly nonlinear lattices is proposed. It is based on
introducing "pseudo-field" operators. In the new formalism quantum envelope
solitons together with phonons are regarded as elementary quasi-particles
making up boson gas. In the classical limit the excitations corresponding to
frequencies above linear cut-off frequency are reduced to conventional envelope
solitons. The approach allows one to identify the quantum soliton which is
localized in space and understand existence of a narrow soliton frequency band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123942 </DOCNO>
On the Contribution of Unresolved Galactic Stars to the Diffuse Soft


  Using stellar luminosity functions derived from ROSAT data, the contributions
of Galactic stars to the diffuse X-ray background are calculated for ROSAT PSPC
energy bands. The model follows that of Guillout et al. (1996), but uses ROSAT
rather than {\it Einstein} data to determine the intrinsic luminosity
distributions. The model adequately predicts the numbers of stellar sources
observed in deep ROSAT surveys. The contribution of unresolved stellar sources
to the ROSAT All-Sky Survey at the Galactic poles is 6.85, 4.76, and 4.91
$\times$ counts s$^{-1}$ arcmin$^{-2}$ in bands R12 (1/4 keV), R45(3/4 keV),
and R67(1.5 keV), respectively, which is equivalent to 4.66, 31.3 and 26.9
$\times10^{-14}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ deg$^{-2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3036 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Braggoriton Excitations in Opal Photonic Crystals


  We studied angle-dependent reflectivity spectra of opal photonic crystals
infiltrated with cyanine dyes, which are highly polarizable media with very
large Rabi frequency. We show that when resonance conditions between the
exciton-polariton of the infiltrated dye and Bragg frequencies exist, then the
Bragg stop band decomposes into two reflectivity bands with a semi-transparent
spectral range in between that is due to light propagation inside the gap
caused by the existence of braggoriton excitations. These novel excitations
result from the interplay interaction between the Bragg gap with spatial
modulation origin and the polariton gap due to the excitons, and may lead to
optical communication traffic inside the gap of photonic crystals via channel
waveguiding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3250 </DOCNO>
Probing the Strong Boundary Shape Dependence of the Casimir Force


  We study the geometry dependence of the Casimir energy for deformed metal
plates by a path integral quantization of the electromagnetic field. For the
first time, we give a complete analytical result for the deformation induced
change in Casimir energy \delta\cal E in an experimentally testable, nontrivial
geometry, consisting of a flat and a corrugated plate. Our results show an
interesting crossover for \delta\cal E as a function of the ratio of the mean
plate distance H, to the corrugation length \lambda: For \lambda \ll H we find
a {\em slower} decay \sim H^{-4}, compared to the H^{-5} behavior predicted by
the commonly used pairwise summation of van der Waals forces, which is valid
only for \lambda \gg H.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169167 </DOCNO>
Quantum Statistics Can Suppress Classical Interference


  Classical optical interference experiments correspond to a measurement of the
first-order correlation function of the electromagnetic field. The converse of
this statement: experiments that measure the first order correlation functions
do not distinguish between the quantum and classical theories of light, does
not always hold. A counterexample is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41367 </DOCNO>
Observation of Radiative B Meson Decays into Higher Kaonic Resonances


  We have studied radiative B meson decays into higher kaonic resonances
decaying into a two-body or three-body final state, using a data sample of 21.3
fb$^{-1}$ recorded at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at
KEKB. For the two-body final state, we extract the $B \to K_2^{*}(1430)^0
\gamma$ component from an analysis of the helicity angle distribution, and
obtain ${\cal B}(B^0 \to K_2^{*}(1430)^0 \gamma) = (1.26\pm 0.66\pm 0.10)\times
10^{-5}$. For the three-body final state, we observe a $B \to K\pi\pi\gamma$
signal that is consistent with a mixture of $B \to K^* \pi \gamma$ and $B \to K
\rho \gamma$. This is the first time that $B \to K^* \pi \gamma$ and $B \to K
\rho \gamma$ have been observed separately. We find their branching fractions
to be 
  ${\cal B}(B \to K^* \pi \gamma; M_{K^*\pi}<2.0 GeV/c^2) = (5.6\pm 1.1\pm
0.9)\times 10^{-5}$ and 
  ${\cal B}(B \to K \rho \gamma; M_{K\rho} < 2.0 GeV/c^2) = (6.5\pm
1.7^{+1.1}_{1.2})\times 10^{-5}$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5702 </DOCNO>
Lattice gas automaton approach to "Turbulent Diffusion"


  A periodic Kolmogorov type flow is implemented in a lattice gas automaton.
For given aspect ratios of the automaton universe and within a range of
Reynolds number values, the averaged flow evolves towards a stationary
two-dimensional $ABC$ type flow. We show the analogy between the streamlines of
the flow in the automaton and the phase plane trajectories of a dynamical
system. In practice flows are commonly studied by seeding the fluid with
suspended particles which play the role of passive tracers. Since an actual
flow is time-dependent and has fluctuations, the tracers exhibit interesting
intrinsic dynamics. When tracers are implemented in the automaton and their
trajectories are followed, we find that the tracers displacements obey a
diffusion law, with ``super-diffusion'' in the direction orthogonal to the
direction of the initial forcing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4297 </DOCNO>
Memory beyond memory in heart beating: an efficient way to detect


  We study the long-range correlations of heartbeat fluctuations with the
method of diffusion entropy. We show that this method of analysis yields a
scaling parameter $\delta$ that apparently conflicts with the direct evaluation
of the distribution of times of sojourn in states with a given heartbeat
frequency. The strength of the memory responsible for this discrepancy is given
by a parameter $\epsilon^{2}$, which is derived from real data. The
distribution of patients in the ($\delta$, $\epsilon^{2}$)-plane yields a neat
separation of the healthy from the congestive heart failure subjects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41138 </DOCNO>
Diffractive structure functions from HERA


  Recent results on diffraction at HERA are presented, focusing on the
measurement of the inclusive diffractive cross section and on the study of two
and three jets in diffractive ep scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6833 </DOCNO>
Manipulating the critical temperature for the superfluid phase


  We examine the effect of the trapping potential on the critical temperature,
$T_C$, for the BCS transition to a superfluid state in trapped atomic gases of
fermions. $T_C$ for an arbitrary power law trap is calculated in the
Thomas-Fermi approximation. For anharmonic traps, $T_C$ can be increased by
several orders of magnitude in comparison to a harmonic trap. Our theoretical
results indicate that, in practice, one could manipulate the critical
temperature for the BCS phase transition by shaping the traps confining the
atomic Fermi gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148860 </DOCNO>
Entropy bounds in cosmology and conformal field theories


  We study the ratio of the entropy to the total energy in conformal field
theories at finite temperature. For the free field realizations of N=4 super
Yang-Mills theory in D=4 and the (2,0) tensor multiplet in D=6, the ratio is
bounded from above. The corresponding bounds are less stringent than the
recently proposed Verlinde bound. For strongly coupled CFTs with AdS duals, we
show that the ratio obeys the Verlinde bound even in the presence of rotation.
For such CFTs, we point out an intriguing resemblance in their thermodynamic
formulas with the corresponding ones of two-dimensional CFTs. The discussion is
based on hep-th/0101076.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 236 </DOCNO>
A Method of Intervals for the Study of Diffusion-Limited Annihilation, A


  We introduce a method of intervals for the analysis of diffusion-limited
annihilation, A+A -> 0, on the line. The method leads to manageable diffusion
equations whose interpretation is intuitively clear. As an example, we treat
the following cases: (a) annihilation in the infinite line and in infinite
(discrete) chains; (b) annihilation with input of single particles, adjacent
particle pairs, and particle pairs separated by a given distance; (c)
annihilation, A+A -> 0, along with the birth reaction A -> 3A, on finite rings,
with and without diffusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97055 </DOCNO>
A generalization of the concept of PT symmetry


  We show that the PT symmetric Hamiltonians (and their generalizations defined
in the text) may be all assigned the projected (so called Feshbach or
effective) nonlinear Hamiltonians which are "locally" Hermitian. This implies
that many (if not all) of the bound-state energies may be real in a broad
domain of Hermiticity-violating interactions. A complexification of a
Winternitz's super-integrable example in two dimensions is conjectured as an
illustration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148102 </DOCNO>
BRS Symmetry, the Quantum Master Equation, and the Wilsonian


  Recently we made a proposal for realization of an effective BRS symmetry
along the Wilsonian renormalization group flow. In this paper we show that the
idea can be naturally extended for the most general gauge theories. Extensive
use of the antifield formalism is made to reveal some remarkable structure of
the effective BRS symmetry. The average action defined with a continuum analog
of the block spin transformation obeys the quantum master equation (QME),
provided that an UV action does so. We show that the RG flow described by the
exact flow equations is generated by canonical transformations in the
field-antifield space. Using the relation between the average action and the
Legendre effective action, we establish the equivalence between the QME for the
average action and the modified Ward-Takahashi identity for the Legendre
action. The QME remains intact when the regularization is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179540 </DOCNO>
Effect of particle-phonon coupling on pairing correlations in nuclei


  The influence of particle-phonon coupling on pairing correlations in nuclei
is studied by solving the Dyson equation including the anomalous (pairing)
Green function. We develop the formalism for solving the equation with the
minimum of approximations. The solution of the Dyson equation is compared with
the diagonalization of particle-phonon coupled Hamiltonian in a small space.
This comparison reveals that the effect of many-phonon states is incorporated
in the Dyson equation. We calculate the pairing gap of the neutron in 120Sn. We
compare analytically the present method with a simpler treatment based on
Bloch-Horowitz perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74006 </DOCNO>
The Minimal CFL-Nuclear Interface


  At nuclear matter density, electrically neutral strongly interacting matter
in weak equilibrium is made of neutrons, protons and electrons. At sufficiently
high density, such matter is made of up, down and strange quarks in the
color-flavor locked phase, with no electrons. As a function of increasing
density (or, perhaps, increasing depth in a compact star) other phases may
intervene between these two phases which are guaranteed to be present. The
simplest possibility, however, is a single first order phase transition between
CFL and nuclear matter. Such a transition, in space, could take place either
through a mixed phase region or at a single sharp interface with electron-free
CFL and electron-rich nuclear matter in stable contact. Here we construct a
model for such an interface. It is characterized by a region of separated
charge, similar to an inversion layer at a metal-insulator boundary. On the CFL
side, the charged boundary layer is dominated by a condensate of negative
kaons. We then consider the energetics of the mixed phase alternative. We find
that the mixed phase will occur only if the nuclear-CFL surface tension is
significantly smaller than dimensional analysis would indicate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125242 </DOCNO>
What is the real nature of HD 108 ?


  Since the beginning of the past century, the nature of HD 108 has been a
subject of intense debate. One after another, astronomers explored its
variability and attributed it either to binarity, or to changes in the stellar
wind of a single star. In this article, we analyse a 30 years long campaign of
spectroscopic observations of this star with special emphasis on the last 15
years during which photographic plates have been replaced by CCD detectors. Our
investigation of the radial velocities of HD 108 yields no significant short-
or long-term period and does not confirm the published periodicities either.
Though the radial velocity of HD 108 appears clearly variable, the variations
cannot be explained by the orbital motion in a spectroscopic binary. However,
our data reveal spectacular changes in the H I Balmer lines and some He I
profiles over the years. These lines continuously evolved from P Cygni profiles
to `pure' absorption lines. A similar behaviour was already observed in the
past, suggesting that these changes are recurrent. HD 108 seems to share
several characteristics of Oe stars and we discuss different hypotheses for the
origin of the observed long-term variations. As we are now in a transition
period, a continuous monitoring of HD 108 should be considered for the next few
years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74190 </DOCNO>
Randall-Sundrum models and the regularized AdS/CFT correspondence


  It has been proposed that Randall-Sundrum models can be holographically
described by a regularized (broken) conformal field theory. We analyze the
foundations of this duality using a regularized version of the AdS/CFT
correspondence. We compare two- and three-point correlation functions and find
the same behaviour in both descriptions. In particular, we show that the
regularization of the deformed CFT generates kinetic terms for the sources,
which hence can be naturally treated as dynamical fields. We also discuss the
counterterms required for two- and three-point correlators in the renormalized
AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113555 </DOCNO>
Rest mass or inertial mass?


  Rest mass takes the place of inertial mass in modern physics textbooks. It
seems to be wrong. But this phenomenon is hidden away by the facts that rest
mass adherents busily call rest mass "mass", not rest mass, and the word "mass"
is associated with a measure of inertia. This topic has been considered by the
author in the article "What is mass?" [1, 2, 3]. Additional arguments to a
confirmation of such a thesis are presented here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149516 </DOCNO>
AdS Black Hole in R^2-Gravity


  We discuss some properties of higher derivative (HD) bulk gravity without
Riemann tensor square term. Such a kind of gravity admits Schwarzschild Anti de
Sitter (SAdS) black hole as exact solution. It is shown that induced brane
geometry on such background is Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) radiation
dominated Universe. We show that HD terms contributions appear in the Hawking
temperature, entropy and Hubble parameter via the redefinition of 5-dimensional
gravitational constant and AdS scale parameter. These HD terms do not destroy
the AdS-dual description of radiation represented by strongly-coupled CFT.
So-called Cardy-Verlinde formula which expresses cosmological entropy as square
root from other parameters and entropies is also derived in R^2-gravity. This
talk is based on works with Shin'ichi Nojiri and Sergei D. Odintsov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81363 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD at finite temperature: Evidence for calorons from the


  We analyze the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the staggered Dirac operator
in quenched lattice QCD in the vicinity of the deconfinement phase transition
using the L\"uscher-Weisz gauge action. The spectral and localization
properties of the low-lying eigenmodes show characteristic differences between
the Z_3 sectors above the critical temperature T_c. These findings can be
interpreted in terms of calorons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149829 </DOCNO>
Open string with a background B-field as the first order mechanics and


  To study noncommutativity properties of the open string with constant B-field
we construct a mechanical action which reproduces classical dynamics of the
string sector under consideration. It allows one to apply the Dirac
quantization procedure for constrained systems in a direct and unambiguous way.
The mechanical action turns out to be the first order system without taking the
strong field limit $B\longrightarrow\infty$. In particular, it is true for zero
mode of the string coordinate which means that the noncommutativity is
intrinsic property of this mechanical system. We describe the arbitrariness in
the relation existent between the mechanical and the string variables and show
that noncommutativity of the string variables on the boundary can be removed.
It is in correspondence with the result of Seiberg and Witten on relation among
noncommutative and ordinary Yang-Mills theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4503 </DOCNO>
Hartree-Fock dynamics in highly excited quantum dots


  Time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory is used to describe density oscillations
of symmetry-unrestricted two-dimensional nanostructures. In the small amplitude
limit the results reproduce those obtained within a perturbative approach such
as the linearized time-dependent Hartree-Fock one. The nonlinear regime is
explored by studying large amplitude oscillations in a non-parabolic potential,
which are shown to introduce a strong coupling with internal degrees of
freedom. This excitation of internal modes, mainly of monopole and quadrupole
character, results in sizeable modifications of the dipole absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98891 </DOCNO>
The coarea formula for Sobolev mappings


  We extend Federer's coarea formula to mappings $f$ belonging to the Sobolev
class $W^{1,p}(R^n;R^m)$, $1 \le m < n$, $p>m$, and more generally, to mappings
with gradient in the Lorentz space $L^{m,1}(R^n)$. This is accomplished by
showing that the graph of $f$ in $R^{n+m}$ is a Hausdorff $n$-rectifiable set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81374 </DOCNO>
The anti-B --> D* lepton anti-neutrino form factor at zero recoil and


  We summarize our lattice QCD study of the form factor at zero recoil in the
decay anti-B --> D* lepton anti-neutrino. After careful consideration of all
sources of systematic uncertainty, we find,
  h_A1(1) = 0.913(+0.024-0.017)(+0.017-0.030), where the first uncertainty is
from statistics and fitting while the second combined uncertainty is from all
other systematic effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 697 </DOCNO>
Classical behaviour after a phase transition


  We analyze the onset of classical behaviour after a second-order phase
transition by considering a scalar field theory in which the system-field
interacts with its environment, represented both by further fields and by its
own short-wavelength modes. Within our approximations we see that the
long-wavelength modes have become classical by the time that the transition has
been first implemented (the spinodal time).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75589 </DOCNO>
Instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation: improved analytical solution


  Studying the Bethe-Salpeter formalism for interactions instantaneous in the
rest frame of the bound states described, we show that, for bound-state
constituents of arbitrary masses, the mass of the ground state of a given spin
may be calculated almost entirely analytically with high accuracy, without the
(numerical) diagonalization of the matrix representation obtained by expansion
of the solutions over a suitable set of basis states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7559 </DOCNO>
Inelastic light, neutron, and X-ray scatterings related to the


  The effects of plasticization of poly(methyl methacrylate) glass on the boson
peaks observed by Raman and neutron scattering are compared. In plasticized
glass the cohesion heterogeneities are responsible for the neutron boson peak
and partially for the Raman one, which is enhanced by the composition
heterogeneities. Because the composition heterogeneities have a size similar to
that of the cohesion ones and form quasiperiodic clusters, as observed by small
angle X-ray scattering, it is inferred that the cohesion heterogeneities in a
normal glass form nearly periodic arrangements too. Such structure at the
nanometric scale explains the linear dispersion of the vibrational frequency
versus the transfer momentum observed by inelastic X-ray scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179551 </DOCNO>
Chiral 2$\pi$-exchange NN-potentials: Relativistic $1/M^2$-Corrections


  We calculate in baryon chiral perturbation theory the relativistic
$1/M^2$-corrections to the leading order two-pion exchange diagrams. We give
explicit expressions for the corresponding one-loop NN-amplitudes in momentum
space. The resulting isovector central and isoscalar spin-spin and tensor
NN-amplitudes involve non-static terms proportional to the squared nucleon
center-of-mass momentum $p^2$. From the two-pion exchange box diagrams we
obtain an isoscalar quadratic spin-orbit NN-amplitude. We give also analytical
expressions for the corresponding NN-potentials in coordinate space. The
diagrammatic results presented here make the chiral NN-potential complete at
next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125648 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Populations and Evolution of Lyman Break Galaxies


  Using deep near-IR and optical observations of the HDF-N from the HST NICMOS
and WFPC2 and from the ground, we examine the spectral energy distributions
(SEDs) of Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at 2.0 < z < 3.5. The UV-to-optical
rest-frame SEDs of the galaxies are much bluer than those of present-day spiral
and elliptical galaxies, and are generally similar to those of local starburst
galaxies with modest amounts of reddening. We use stellar population synthesis
models to study the properties of the stars that dominate the light from LBGs.
Under the assumption that the star-formation rate is continuous or decreasing
with time, the best-fitting models provide a lower bound on the LBG mass
estimates. LBGs with ``L*'' UV luminosities are estimated to have minimum
stellar masses ~ 10^10 solar masses, or roughly 1/10th that of a present-day L*
galaxy. By considering the effects of a second component of maximally-old
stars, we set an upper bound on the stellar masses that is ~ 3-8 times the
minimum estimate. We find only loose constraints on the individual galaxy ages,
extinction, metallicities, initial mass functions, and prior star-formation
histories. We find no galaxies whose SEDs are consistent with young (< 10^8
yr), dust-free objects, which suggests that LBGs are not dominated by ``first
generation'' stars, and that such objects are rare at these redshifts. We also
find that the typical ages for the observed star-formation events are
significantly younger than the time interval covered by this redshift range (~
1.5 Gyr). From this, and from the relative absence of candidates for quiescent,
non-star-forming galaxies at these redshifts in the NICMOS data, we suggest
that star formation in LBGs may be recurrent, with short duty cycles and a
timescale between star-formation events of < 1 Gyr. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98077 </DOCNO>
On the rational solutions of the su(2)_k Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation


  We present some new results on the rational solutions of the
Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation for the four-point conformal blocks of isospin
I primary fields in the SU(2)_k Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model. The rational
solutions corresponding to integrable representations of the affine algebra
su(2)_k have been classified by Michel, Stanev and Todorov; provided that the
conformal dimension is an integer, they are in one-to-one correspondence with
the local extensions of the chiral algebra. Here we give another description of
these solutions as specific braid-invariant combinations of the so called
regular basis and display a new series of rational solutions for isospins I =
k+1 corresponding to non-integrable representations of the affine algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85928 </DOCNO>
Hawking Radiation of Dirac Particles in a Variable-mass Kerr Black Hole


  Hawking effect of Dirac particles in a variable-mass Kerr space-time is
investigated by using method of the generalized tortoise coordinate
transformation. The location and the temperature of event horizon of the
non-stationary Kerr black hole are derived. It is shown that the temperature
and the shape of event horizon depend not only on the time but also on the
polar angle. However, our results demonstrate that the Fermi-Dirac spectrum
displays a new spin-rotation effect which is absent from that of Bose-Einstein
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74909 </DOCNO>
Pion Physics at Low Energy and High Accuracy


  The role of the quark condensate for the low energy structure of QCD is
discussed in some detail. In particular, the dependence of M_pi on m_u and m_d
and the low energy theorems for the pi-pi scattering amplitude are reviewed.
The new data on Ke4 decay beautifully confirm the standard picture, according
to which the quark condensate is the leading order parameter of the
spontaneously broken chiral symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125901 </DOCNO>
Empirical Constraints on Convective Core Overshoot


  In stellar evolution calculations, the local pressure scale height is often
used to empirically constrain the amount of convective core overshoot. However,
this method brings unsatisfactory results for low-mass stars (< 1.1 -1.2 Mo for
Z= \Zs) which have very small cores or no convective core at all. Following
Roxburgh's integral constraint,we implemented an upper limit of overshoot
within the conventional method of alpha parameterization in order to remove an
overly large overshoot effect on low-mass stars. The erroneously large effect
of core overshoot due to the failure of alpha parameterization can be
effectively corrected by limiting the amount of overshoot to < 15 % of the core
radius. 15 % of the core radius would be a proper limit of overshoot which can
be implemented in a stellar evolution code for intermediate to low mass stars.
The temperature structure of the overshoot region does not play a crucial role
in stellar evolution since this transition region is very thin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84009 </DOCNO>
Building Multi-Platform User Interfaces with UIML


  There has been a widespread emergence of computing devices in the past few
years that go beyond the capabilities of traditional desktop computers.
However, users want to use the same kinds of applications and access the same
data and information on these appliances that they can access on their desktop
computers. The user interfaces for these platforms go beyond the traditional
interaction metaphors. It is a challenge to build User Interfaces (UIs) for
these devices of differing capabilities that allow the end users to perform the
same kinds of tasks. The User Interface Markup Language (UIML) is an XML-based
language that allows the canonical description of UIs for different platforms.
We describe the language features of UIML that facilitate the development of
multi-platform UIs. We also describe the key aspects of our approach that makes
UIML succeed where previous approaches failed, namely the division in the
representation of a UI, the use of a generic vocabulary, and an integrated
development environment specifically designed for transformation-based UI
development. Finally we describe the initial details of a multi-step usability
engineering process for building multi-platform UI using UIML.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125886 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Spectral Variability of Cygnus X-1


  We have used observations from CGRO to study the variation in the MeV
emission of Cygnus X-1 between its low and high X-ray states. These data
provide a measurement of the spectral variability above 1 MeV. The high state
MeV spectrum is found to be much harder than that of the low state MeV
spectrum. In particular, the power-law emission seen at hard X-ray energies in
the high state spectrum (with a photon spectral index of 2.6) is found to
extend out to at least 5 MeV, with no evidence for any cutoff. Here we present
the data and describe our efforts to model both the low state and high state
spectra using a hybrid thermal/nonthermal model in which the emission results
from the Comptonization of an electron population that consists of both a
thermal and nonthermal component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148972 </DOCNO>
On Brane Cosmology and Naked Singularities


  Brane-world singularities are analysed, emphasizing the case of supergravity
in singular spaces where the singularity puzzle is naturally resolved. These
naked singularities are either time-like or null, corresponding to the finite
or infinite amount of conformal time that massless particles take in order to
reach them. Quantum mechanically we show that the brane-world naked
singularities are inconsistent. Indeed we find that time-like singularities are
not wave-regular, so the time-evolution of wave packets is not uniquely defined
in their vicinity, while null singularities absorb incoming radiation. Finally
we stress that for supergravity in singular spaces there is a topological
obstruction, whereby naked singularities are necessarily screened off by the
second boundary brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128541 </DOCNO>
Infall variability in the Classical T Tauri system VZ Chamaeleonis


  We present time series spectroscopy of the Classical T Tauri star VZ Cha. We
follow spectral variations at intermediate resolution over five successive
nights, or approximately two rotation periods. We see profile features which
persist on timescales longer than the expected infall time from the inner disc,
and we see expected evidence of rotational variations in the lines, but we also
note that rotation alone cannot produce all the observed variability and some
other mechanism must be invoked. The behaviour of H-alpha is observed to be
markedly different from that of the other lines. In particular, the evidence of
rotational effects is lacking at H-alpha, and the activity in the red and blue
wings of the line is not significantly correlated, in contrast to the other
Balmer lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128914 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared spectroscopy of nearby Seyfert galaxies. I. First results


  We present near-infrared 1.5 - 2.5 micron moderate resolution long-slit
spectra of two Seyfert 1 galaxies (NGC 1097 and NGC 1566), three Seyfert 2s
(NGC 1386, NGC 4945 and NGC 5128) and one Seyfert 1.5 (NGC 3227), both parallel
to ionization cone or jet and perpendicular to it. The spectra are used to
study the spatial extent of the line emission, integrated masses of excited H2
and the excitation mechanisms of interstellar gas. Broad BrGgamma originating
from the BLR is detected in three galaxies (NGC 1386, NGC 1566 and NGC 3227),
of which NGC 1386 is optically classified as Seyfert 2. In these galaxies iron
is narrow and may be X-ray excited. In all galaxies except in NGC 5128, the
spatial FWHM size of H2 1--0 S(1) nuclear core is larger perpendicular to the
cone or jet than parallel to it, in agreement with AGN unified models. The
surface densities of H2 are higher in Seyfert 2s than in Seyfert 1s, with the
Seyfert 1.5 NGC 3227 lying between them. The exception to this is the Seyfert 2
NGC 1386, where two extended regions are detected parallel to cone. Coronal
lines are detected in two galaxies, NGC 1386 and NGC 3227.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5384 </DOCNO>
Improvement of critical current in MgB2/Fe wires by a ferromagnetic


  Transport critical current (Ic) was measured for Fe-sheathed MgB2 round
wires. A critical current density of 5.3 x 10^4 A/cm^2 was obtained at 32K.
Strong magnetic shielding by the iron sheath was observed, resulting in a
decrease in Ic by only 15% in a field of 0.6T at 32K. In addition to shielding,
interaction between the iron sheath and the superconductor resulted in a
constant Ic between 0.2 and 0.6T. This was well beyond the maximum field for
effective shielding of 0.2T. This effect can be used to substantially improve
the field performance of MgB2/Fe wires at fields at least 3 times higher than
the range allowed by mere magnetic shielding by the iron sheath. The dependence
of Ic on the angle between field and current showed that the transport current
does not flow straight across the wire, but meanders between the grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74365 </DOCNO>
Lepton flavor violating $Z\to l_1^+ l_2^-$ decay in the general two


  We calculate lepton flavor violating Z -> l^+ l^- decay in the framework of
the general two Higgs Doublet model. In our calculations we used the
constraints for the Yukawa couplings \bar{\xi}^{D}_{N,\tau e} and
\bar{\xi}^{D}_{N,\tau\mu} coming from the experimental result of muon electric
dipole moment and upper limit of the BR(\mu -> e\gamma). We observe that it is
possible to reach the present experimental upper limits for the branching
ratios of such Z decays in the model III.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7374 </DOCNO>
Folding and Stretching in a Go-like Model of Titin


  Mechanical stretching of the I27 domain of titin and of its double and triple
repeats are studied through molecular dynamics simulations of a Go-like model
with Lennard-Jones contact interactions. We provide a thorough characterization
of the system and correlate the sequencing of the folding and unraveling events
with each other and with the contact order. The roles of cantilever stiffness
and pulling rate are studied. Unraveling of tandem titin structures has a
serial nature. The force-displacement curves in this coarse-grained model are
similar to those obtained through all atom calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149302 </DOCNO>
From the braided to the usual Yang-Baxter relation


  Quantum monodromy matrices coming from a theory of two coupled (m)KdV
equations are modified in order to satisfy the usual Yang-Baxter relation. As a
consequence, a general connection between braided and {\it unbraided} (usual)
Yang-Baxter algebras is derived and also analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40753 </DOCNO>
Cartography with Accelerators: Locating Fermions in Extra Dimensions at


  In the model of Arkani-Hamed and Schmaltz the various chiral fermions of the
Standard Model(SM) are localized at different points on a thick wall which
forms an extra dimension. Such a scenario provides a way of understanding the
absence of proton decay and the fermion mass hierarchy in models with extra
dimensions. In this paper we explore the capability of future lepton colliders
to determine the location of these fermions in the extra dimension through
precision measurements of conventional scattering processes both below and on
top of the lowest lying Kaluza-Klein gauge boson resonance. We show that for
some classes of models the locations of these fermions can be very precisely
determined while in others only their relative positions can be well measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148971 </DOCNO>
The Most General and Renormalizable Maximal Abelian Gauge


  We have constructed the most general gauge fixing term for the SU(2)
Yang-Mills theory, which leaves the global U(1) gauge symmetry intact (i.e.,
the most general Maximal Abelian gauge). From the viewpoint of
renormalizability, we point out the importance of an additional gauge fixing
parameter that is not included in the ordinary gauge fixing term with the
global SU(2) gauge symmetry. By requiring a number of symmetries without
spoiling the renormalizability, we restrict the most general gauge to a minimum
gauge which is considered to be the essential part of the maximal Abelian
gauge. Then we demonstrate that a new parameter $\kappa$ introduced in this
gauge is very efficient in order to examine the renormalizability. In fact, we
confirm the renormalizability of this gauge together with a new parameter
$\kappa$ by calculating explicitly the anomalous dimensions of all the
parameters at one loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6732 </DOCNO>
Optical responses through dilute anisotropic composites: Numerical


  We investigate the linear and nonlinear optical responses of dilute
anisotropic networks using the Green's-function formalism (GFF)[Gu Y et al.
1999 Phys. Rev. B 59 12847]. For the different applied fields, numerical
calculations indicate that a large third order nonlinear enhancement and a
broad infrared absorption arise from the geometric anisotropy. It is also shown
the overlap and separation between the absorption peak and nonlinear
enhancement peak when the applied field is parallel, perpendicular to the
anisotropy respectively. In terms of the inverse participation ratios (IPR)
with q=2 and spectral distribution of optical responses, the results can be
understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113941 </DOCNO>
From the epicycles of the Greeks to Kepler's ellipse - The breakdown of


  The principle that celestial bodies must move on circular orbits or on paths
resulting from the composition of circular orbits has been assumed as a
constant guide in the astronomical thougth of the peoples facing the
Mediterranean sea as from the second century B.C. until the beginning of the
XVII century. The mathematical model based on such an assumption, the theory of
epicycles in all its versions and modifications, has been taken as a scheme for
all astronomical calculations during at least eighteen centuries, from
Hipparcus to Kepler. As it is known, in Astronomia Nova (1609), Kepler succeded
to establish the two laws which after him were named the first and the second
Kepler's laws. The revolution he performed by giving up the circle paradigm is
of fundamental importance and represents the indispensable premise to Newtonian
theory. This revolution, the result of what Kepler called his "war" against
Mars, is usually underestimated if one considers the break carried out with
respect to the pre-Kepler celestial kinematics. In "Astronomia Nova" we assist
to the attempt of Kepler to get for Mars an orbit consistent with the results
of Tycho Brahe's observations. Passing through several phases and step by step
discarding the hypoteses wich gave results in contrast with observations,
Kepler arrived at establishing that the orbit of Mars around the Sun is an
ellipse. Here an esposition is given of this work of analysis by Kepler wich
is, in the history of science, one of the early examples of rigorous setting up
of a model which correctly explains the experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167958 </DOCNO>
Quantum cobwebs: Universal entangling of quantum states


  Entangling an unknown qubit with one type of reference state is generally
impossible. However, entangling an unknown qubit with two types of reference
states is possible. To achieve this, we introduce a new class of states called
zero sum amplitude (ZSA) multipartite, pure entangled states for qubits and
study their salient features. Using shared-ZSA state, local operation and
classical communication we give a protocol for creating multipartite entangled
states of an unknown quantum state with two types of reference states at remote
places. This provides a way of encoding an unknown pure qubit state into a
multiqubit entangled state. We quantify the amount of classical and quantum
resources required to create universal entangled states. This is possibly a
strongest form of quantum bit hiding with multiparties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148764 </DOCNO>
String Webs and Curves of Marginal Stability in Five-Dimensional E_N


  We study curves of marginal stability (CMS) in five-dimensional N=1 E_N
theories compactified on a circle using the D3-brane probe realization. In this
realization, BPS states correspond to string webs in the affine E_N 7-brane
background and junction positions of the webs deteremine CMS. We find that
there exist string webs involving infinitely many junctions. Consequently the
E_N theories have infinitely many CMS. We also find that there exists a
transition from open strings to string webs involving loops. The transition
describes a new phenomenon occurring on CMS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127740 </DOCNO>
Interpreting the Behavior of Time Resolved Gamma-Ray Burst Spectra


  In this paper, we explore time resolved Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) spectra in the
context of the synchrotron emission model presented in Lloyd and Petrosian
(2000; LP00). First, we show that our model - which involves three distinct
emission regimes - can provide excellent fits to the time resolved spectra of
GRBs, and we present these results for a few bursts. We then describe how the
phenomenological Band spectrum (Band et al., 1993) can be interpreted in the
context of our models based on the value of the low energy photon index
$\alpha$. We discuss the types of correlations one would expect to observe
among the Band parameters if these models are correct. We then compare these
predictions to the existing data, combining a sample of 2,026 time resolved
spectra (from approximately 80 bursts). We show that the correlations found in
the data are consistent with the models, and discuss the constraints they place
on the emission physics. In particular, we find a 4-sigma negative correlation
between the peak of the nu-Fnu spectrum, Ep, and the low energy photon index
$\alpha$ for bursts with $-2/3 < \alpha < 0$, in contrast to what is predicted
by the instrumental effect discussed in LP00. We suggest that this correlation
is simply due to the mechanism responsible for producing $\alpha$'s above the
value of -2/3 - namely, a decreasing mean pitch angle of the electrons. We also
show that Ep is correlated with the photon flux, and interpret this as a result
of changing magnetic field or characteristic electron energy between emission
episodes. Finally, we discuss the implications our results have on particle
acceleration in GRBs, and prospects for further testing these models with the
anticipated data from HETE-2, Swift and GLAST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169249 </DOCNO>
Quantum homogenization


  We design a universal quantum homogenizer, which is a quantum machine that
takes as an input a system qubit initially in the state $\rho$ and a set of N
reservoir qubits initially prepared in the same state $\xi$. In the homogenizer
the system qubit sequentially interacts with the reservoir qubits via the
partial swap transformation. The homogenizer realizes, in the limit sense, the
transformation such that at the output each qubit is in an arbitratily small
neighbourhood of the state $\xi$ irrespective of the initial states of the
system and the reservoir qubits. This means that the system qubit undergoes an
evolution that has a fixed point, which is the reservoir state $\xi$. We also
study approximate homogenization when the reservoir is composed of a finite set
of identically prepared qubits. The homogenizer allows us to understand various
aspects of the dynamics of open systems interacting with environments in
non-equilibrium states. In particular, the reversibility vs or irreversibility
of the dynamics of the open system is directly linked to specific (classical)
information about the order in which the reservoir qubits interacted with the
system qubit. This aspect of the homogenizer leads to a model of a quantum safe
with a classical combination.We analyze in detail how entanglement between the
reservoir and the system is created during the process of quantum
homogenization. We show that the information about the initial state of the
system qubit is stored in the entanglement between the homogenized qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98376 </DOCNO>
A Homotopy Theory for Stacks


  We give a homotopy theoretic characterization of stacks on a site $\cC$ as
the {\it homotopy sheaves} of groupoids on $\cC$. We use this characterization
to construct a model category in which stacks are the fibrant objects. We
compare different definitions of stacks and show that they lead to Quillen
equivalent model categories. In addition, we show that these model structures
are Quillen equivalent to the $S^2$-nullification of Jardine's model structure
on sheaves of simplicial sets on $\cC$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129299 </DOCNO>
On the Maximal Quantity of Processed Information in the Physical


  An estimate of the maximal informational content available to advanced
extraterrestrial or future (post)human civilizations is presented. It is shown
that the fundamental thermodynamical considerations may lead to a quantitative
estimate of the largest quantity of information to be processed by conceivable
computing devices. This issue is interesting from the point of view of physical
eschatology, as well as general futurological topics, like the degree of
confidence in long-term physical predictions or viability of the large-scale
simulations of complex systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127546 </DOCNO>
The Mass-To-Light Function of Virialized Systems and the Relationship


  We compare the B-band luminosity function of virialized halos with the mass
function predicted by the Press-Schechter theory in cold dark matter
cosmogonies. We find that all cosmological models fail to match our results if
a constant mass-to-light ratio is assumed. In order for these models to match
the faint end of the luminosity function, a mass-to-light ratio decreasing with
luminosity as $L^{-0.5\pm 0.06}$ is required. For a $\Lambda$CDM model, the
mass-to-light function has a minimum of $\sim 100 h^{-1}_{75}$ in solar units
in the $B$-band, corresponding to $\sim 25%$ of the baryons in the form of
stars, and this minimum occurs close to the luminosity of an $L^*$ galaxy. At
the high-mass end, the $\Lambda$CDM model requires a mass-to-light ratio
increasing with luminosity as $L^{+0.5 \pm 0.26}$. We also derive the halo
occupation number, i.e. the number of galaxies brighter than $\lgal^*$ hosted
in a virialized system. We find that the halo occupation number scales
non-linearly with the total mass of the system, $N\sbr{gal}(>\lgal^*) \propto
m^{0.55\pm0.026}$ or the $\Lambda$CDM model. We find a break in the power-law
slope of the X-ray-to-optical luminosity relation, independent of the
cosmological model. This break occurs at a scale corresponding to poor groups.
In the $\Lambda$CDM model, the poor-group mass is also the scale at which the
mass-to-light ratio of virialized systems begins to increase. This
correspondence suggests a physical link between star formation and the X-ray
properties of halos, possibly due to preheating by supernovae or to efficient
cooling of low-entropy gas into galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124547 </DOCNO>
The dark matter crisis


  I explore several possible solutions to the ``missing satellites'' problem
that challenges the collisionless cold dark matter model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126766 </DOCNO>
Design Study of CANGAROO-III, Stereoscopic Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov


  CANGAROO-III is an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) array of
four 10 m telescopes for very high energy (sub-TeV) gamma-ray astronomy. A
design study of the CANGAROO-III telescope system was carried out using the
Monte Carlo technique in order to optimize the pixel size and the telescope
spacing. Studies were also made of observations at low elevation angles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83693 </DOCNO>
Object-oriented solutions


  In this paper are briefly outlined the motivations, mathematical ideas in
use, pre-formalization and assumptions, object-as-functor construction, `soft'
types and concept constructions, case study for concepts based on variable
domains, extracting a computational background, and examples of evaluations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125662 </DOCNO>
8-13um Dust Emission Features in Galactic Bulge Planetary Nebulae


  A sample of 25 IR-bright planetary nebulae (PNe) towards the Galactic bulge
is analysed through 8-13um spectroscopy. The classification of the warm-dust
emission features provides a measure of the C/O chemical balance, and
represents the first C/O estimates for bulge PNe. Out of 13 PNe with identified
dust types, 4 PNe have emission features associated with C-based grains, while
the remaining 9 have O-rich dust signatures. The low fraction of C-rich PNe,
<30%, contrasts with that for local PNe, around 80%, although it follows the
trend for a decreasing frequency of C-rich PNe with galactocentric radius
(paper~I). We investigate whether the PNe discussed here are linked to the
bulge stellar population (similar to type~IV, or halo, PNe) or the inner
Galactic disk (a young and super-metal-rich population). Although 60% of the
PNe with warm dust are convincing bulge members, none of the C-rich PNe satisfy
our criteria, and they are probably linked to the inner Galactic disk. In the
framework of single star evolution, the available information on bulge PNe
points towards a progenitor population similar in age to that of local PNe
(type I PNe are found in similar proportions), but super-metal-rich (to account
for the scarcity of C-rich objects). Yet the metallicities of bulge PNe, as
inferred from [O/H], fail to reach the required values - except for the C-rich
objects. It is likely that the sample discussed here is derived from a mixed
disk/bulge progenitor population and dominated by type IV PNe, as suggested by
Peimbert (1992). The much higher fraction of O-rich PNe in this sample than in
the solar neighbourhood should result in a proportionally greater injection of
silicate grains into the inner Galactic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174705 </DOCNO>
Neutral Pion Distributions in PHENIX at RHIC


  Transverse momentum spectra for identified $\pi^0$'s in the range 1 GeV/c $<
p_T <$ 4 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment in Au-Au collisions
at $\sqrt{s}=130$ GeV. The spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are
consistent with the simple expectation of scaling the spectra from p+p
collisions by the average number of nucleon-nucleon binary collisions. The
spectra from central collisions and the ratio of central/peripheral spectra are
significantly suppressed when compared to point-like scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114011 </DOCNO>
Effective Second Order Susceptibility in Photonic Crystals Composed from


  A technique for obtaining efficient bulk second order susceptibility in non
centro-symmetric Photonic Crystals (PC) made from centro-symmetric materials is
discussed. The effect is based on the electric quadrupole effect, strong
electromagnetic mode deformation and non homogeneous contribution to volume
polarization from different parts of the PC. The required symmetry breaking is
introduced on the macroscale of the PC unit cell. The obtained structural
chi_str^(2) is comparable with the second order susceptibility of ordinary
non-linear materials. Phase matching can be achieved by introducing symmetry
modulation (Quasi Phase Matching) during fabrication of the PC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 381 </DOCNO>
BEC in Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics: Some Additional Results


  In a recent paper [Int. J. Mod. Phys. B {\bf 14}, 405 (2000)] we discussed
the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in the framework of Tsallis's nonextensive
statistical mechanics. In particular, we studied an ideal gas of bosons in a
confining harmonic potential. In this memoir we generalize our previous
analysis by investigating an ideal Bose gas in a generic power-law external
potential. We derive analytical formulas for the energy of the system, the BEC
transition temperature and the condensed fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5770 </DOCNO>
Flux flow noise and braided rivers of superconducting vortices


  Current-voltage measurements of type-II superconductors are described by a
coarse-grained model of superconducting vortex dynamics. We find that the power
spectra of the voltage fluctuations, and the noise power, are related to the
large scale morphology of the plastic flux flow. At currents corresponding to
the peak in differential resistance, the flux flow forms a braided river, the
noise power is maximal, and the power spectra has a 1/f^{\alpha} form with
\alpha \approx 1.8 over a wide frequency range. This agrees with recent
experiments on NbSe_2. The observed variation of \alpha with applied current is
a crossover phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75432 </DOCNO>
Saturation and geometric scaling in DIS at small x


  We present various aspects of the saturation model which provides good
description of inclusive and diffractive DIS at small x. The model uses parton
saturation ideas to take into account unitarity requirements. A new scaling
predicted by the model in the small x domain is successfully confronted with
the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124623 </DOCNO>
On the two types of steady hard X-ray states of GRS 1915+105


  Using the data of 5 years of RXTE observations we investigate the X-ray
spectral and timing properties of GRS 1915+105 during the hard steady states.
According to the results of our simultaneous X-ray spectral and timing analysis
the behavior the source during the hard steady states can be reduced to a
couple of major distinct types. i) Type I states: The dominant hard component
of the energy spectrum has characteristic quasi- exponential cut-off at 50-120
keV. The broad-band power density spectrum of the source shows significant high
frequency noise component with a cut-off at 60-80 Hz. ii) Type II states: The
hard spectral component has a break in its slope at ~12-20 keV. The high
frequency part of the power density spectrum fades quickly lacking significant
variability at frequencies higher than ~30 Hz. These two types of the X-ray
hard states are also clearly distinguished by their properties in the radio
band: while during the type I observations the source tends to be
'radio-quiet', the type II observations are characterized by high level of
radio flux ('plateau' radio states). In this work we demonstrate aforementioned
differences using the data of 12 representative hard steady state observations.
We conclude that the difference between these two types can be probably
explained in terms of different structure of the accretion flow in the
immediate vicinity of the compact object due to presence of relativistic
outflow of matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73721 </DOCNO>
Masses of the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons in two flavor color


  The masses of the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons in the color superconducting
phase of dense QCD with two light flavors are estimated by making use of the
Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis effective action. Parametrically, the masses of the
doublet and antidoublet bosons are suppressed by a power of the coupling
constant as compared to the value of the superconducting gap. This is
qualitatively different from the mass expression for the singlet
pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson, resulting from non-perturbative effects. It is
argued that the (anti-) doublet pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons form colorless
[with respect to the unbroken SU(2)_{c}] charmonium-like bound states. The
corresponding binding energy is also estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83614 </DOCNO>
Bootstrapping Structure using Similarity


  In this paper a new similarity-based learning algorithm, inspired by string
edit-distance (Wagner and Fischer, 1974), is applied to the problem of
bootstrapping structure from scratch. The algorithm takes a corpus of
unannotated sentences as input and returns a corpus of bracketed sentences. The
method works on pairs of unstructured sentences or sentences partially
bracketed by the algorithm that have one or more words in common. It finds
parts of sentences that are interchangeable (i.e. the parts of the sentences
that are different in both sentences). These parts are taken as possible
constituents of the same type. While this corresponds to the basic
bootstrapping step of the algorithm, further structure may be learned from
comparison with other (similar) sentences.
  We used this method for bootstrapping structure from the flat sentences of
the Penn Treebank ATIS corpus, and compared the resulting structured sentences
to the structured sentences in the ATIS corpus. Similarly, the algorithm was
tested on the OVIS corpus. We obtained 86.04 % non-crossing brackets precision
on the ATIS corpus and 89.39 % non-crossing brackets precision on the OVIS
corpus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168704 </DOCNO>
Lindblad Evolution and Stochasticity: the Case of a Two-Level System


  We consider the simple hypothesis of letting quantum systems have an inherent
random nature. Using well-known stochastic methods we thus derive a stochastic
evolution operator which let us define a stochastic density operator whose
expectation value under certain conditions satisfies a Lindblad equation. As
natural consequences of the former assumption decoherence and spontaneous
emission processes are obtained under the same conceptual scheme. A temptative
solution for the preferred basis problem is suggested. All this is illustrated
with a comprehensive study of a two-level quantum system evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3276 </DOCNO>
1D quantum models with correlated disorder vs. classical oscillators


  We perform an analytical study of the correspondence between a classical
oscillator with frequency perturbed by a coloured noise and the one-dimensional
Anderson-type model with correlated diagonal disorder. It is rigorously shown
that localisation of electronic states in the quantum model corresponds to
exponential divergence of nearby trajectories of the classical random
oscillator. We discuss the relation between the localisation length for the
quantum model and the rate of energy growth for the stochastic oscillator.
Finally, we examine the problem of electron transmission through a finite
disordered barrier by considering the evolution of the classical oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86035 </DOCNO>
Principles of Equivalence: Their Role in Gravitation Physics and


  Modern formulations of equivalence principles provide the foundation for an
efficient approach to understanding and organizing the structural features of
gravitation field theories. Since theories' predictions reflect differences in
their structures, principles of equivalence also support an efficient
experimental strategy for testing gravitation theories and for exploring the
range of conceivable gravitation physics. These principles focus attention
squarely on empirical consequences of the fundamental structural differences
that distinguish one gravitation theory from another. Interestingly, the
variety of such consequences makes it possible to design and perform
experiments that test equivalence principles stringently but do so in markedly
different ways than the most familiar experimental tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148894 </DOCNO>
On the way to Brane New World


  In this report we consider brane-world universe (New Brane World) where an
arbitrary large $N$ quantum CFT exists on the domain wall. This corresponds to
implementing of Randall-Sundrum compactification within the context of AdS/CFT
correspondence. Using anomaly induced effective action for domain wall CFT, the
possibility of self-consistent quantum creation of 4d de Sitter wall universe
(inflation) is demonstrated. In case of maximally SUSY Yang-Mills theory the
exact correspondence with radius and effective tension found by
Hawking-Hertog-Reall is obtained.
  We also discuss the bosonic sector of 5d gauged supergravity with single
scalar and taking the boundary action as predicted by supersymmetry and discuss
the possibility to supersymmetrize dilatonic New Brane World. It is
demonstrated that for a number of superpotentials the flat SUSY dilatonic
brane-world (with dynamically induced brane dilaton) or quantum-induced de
Sitter dilatonic brane-world (not Anti-de Sitter one) where SUSY is broken by
the quantum effects occurs. The analysis of graviton perturbations indicates
that gravity is localized on such branes.
  New Brane World is useful in the study of FRW dynamics and cosmological
entropy bounds. Brane stress tensor is induced by quantum effects of dual CFT
and brane crosses the horizon of AdS black hole. The similarity between CFT
entropy at the horizon and FRW equations is extended on the quantum level. This
suggests the way to understand cosmological entropy bounds in quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41387 </DOCNO>
Energy dependence of particle multiplicities in central Au+Au collisions


  We present the first measurement of the pseudorapidity density of primary
charged particles in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200GeV. For the 6% most
central collisions, we obtain dN_ch/deta|_|eta|<1 = 650 +/- 35 (syst). Compared
to collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 130GeV, the highest energy studied previously, an
increase by a factor of 1.14 +/- 0.05 is found. The energy dependence of the
pseudorapidity density is discussed in comparison with data from proton-induced
collisions and theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2748 </DOCNO>
Electron-electron interaction correction to conductivity in


  The paper has been withdrawn

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74631 </DOCNO>
TESLA Technical Design Report Part I: Executive Summary


  The TESLA Technical Design Report Part I: Executive summary

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128893 </DOCNO>
On The Low Frequency Quasi Periodic Oscillations of X-ray Sources


  Based on the interpretation of the twin kilohertz Quasi Periodic Oscillations
(kHz QPOs) of X-ray spectra of Low Mass X-Ray Binaries
 (LMXBs) to the Keplerian and the periastron precession frequencies at the
magnetosphere-disk of X-ray neutron star (NS) respectively, we ascribe the low
frequency Quasi Periodic Oscillations (LFQPO) and HBO (15-60 Hz QPO for Z
sources or Atoll sources) to the periastron precession at some outer disk
radius.
 The obtained conclusions include: all QPO frequencies increase with increasing
the accretion rate. The obtained theoretical relations between HBO (LFQPO)
frequency and the kHz QPO frequency are similar to the measured empirical
formula. Further, the possible dynamical mechanism for QPO production is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76318 </DOCNO>
Chemical equilibration of U(1) charged particles in a thermal


  We discuss chemical equilibration of particles carrying non-vanishing quantum
numbers related with U(1) internal symmetry. We construct the transport
equation for the time evolution of particle multiplicities and their
probability functions. The solution of these equations is obtained in different
limiting cases. It is argued that a U(1) charged particles, dependent on
thermal conditions inside a fireball, approaches different equilibrium limits.
The differences between kinetics of abundantly and rarely produced particles
are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168089 </DOCNO>
Universal state inversion and concurrence in arbitrary dimensions


  Wootters [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2245 (1998)] has given an explicit formula for
the entanglement of formation of two qubits in terms of what he calls the
concurrence of the joint density operator. Wootters's concurrence is defined
with the help of the superoperator that flips the spin of a qubit. We
generalize the spin-flip superoperator to a "universal inverter," which acts on
quantum systems of arbitrary dimension, and we introduce the corresponding
concurrence for joint pure states of (D1 X D2) bipartite quantum systems. The
universal inverter, which is a positive, but not completely positive
superoperator, is closely related to the completely positive universal-NOT
superoperator, the quantum analogue of a classical NOT gate. We present a
physical realization of the universal-NOT superoperator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96308 </DOCNO>
The analogue of Wilczynski's projective frame in Lie sphere geometry:


  We propose a twistor construction of surfaces in Lie sphere geometry based on
the linear system which copies equations of Wilczynski's projective frame. In
the particular case of Lie-applicable surfaces this linear system describes
joint eigenfunctions of a pair of commuting Schr\"odinger operators with
magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129569 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution Spectroscopy of G191-B2B in the Extreme Ultraviolet


  We report a high-resolution (R=3000-4000) spectroscopic observation of the DA
white dwarf G191-B2B in the extreme ultraviolet band 220-245 A. A low- density
ionised He component is clearly present along the line-of-sight, which if
completely interstellar implies a He ionisation fraction considerably higher
than is typical of the local interstellar medium. However, some of this
material may be associated with circumstellar gas, which has been detected by
analysis of the C IV absorption line doublet in an HST STIS spectrum. A stellar
atmosphere model assuming a uniform element distribution yields a best fit to
the data which includes a significant abundance of photospheric He. The
99-percent confidence contour for the fit parameters excludes solutions in
which photospheric He is absent, but this result needs to be tested using
models allowing abundance gradients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83673 </DOCNO>
Approximating the satisfiability threshold for random k-XOR-formulas


  In this paper we study random linear systems with $k$ variables per equation
over the finite field GF(2), or equivalently $k$-XOR-CNF formulas. In a
previous paper Creignou and Daud\'e proved that the phase transition for the
consistency (satisfiability) of such systems (formulas) exhibits a sharp
threshold. Here we prove that the phase transition occurs as the number of
equations (clauses) is proportional to the number of variables. For any $k\ge
3$ we establish first estimates for the critical ratio. For $k=3$ we get 0.93
as an upper bound, 0.89 as a lower bound, whereas experiments suggest that the
critical ratio is approximately 0.92.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87136 </DOCNO>
Hawking Radiation of Photons in a Vaidya-de Sitter Black Hole


  Hawking evaporation of photons in a Vaidya-de Sitter black hole is
investigated by using the method of generalized tortoise coordinate
transformation. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon
depend on the time. It is shown that Hawking radiation of photons exists only
for the complex Maxwell scalar $\phi_0$ in the advanced Eddington-Finkelstein
coordinate system. This asymmetry of Hawking radiation for different components
of Maxwell fields probably arises from the asymmetry of spacetime in the
advanced Eddington-Finkelstein coordinate system. It is shown that the black
body radiant spectrum of photons resembles that of Klein-Gordon particles.
  PACS numbers: 04.70.Dy, 97.60.Lf

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124858 </DOCNO>
Orbital perturbations on transiting planets: A possible method to


  The recent discovery of a planetary transit in the star HD 209458, and the
subsequent highly precise observation of the transit lightcurve with Hubble
Space Telescope, is encouraging to search for any phenomena that might induce
small changes in the light curve. Here we consider the effect of the quadrupole
moment of the parent star and of a possible second planet perturbing the orbit
of the transiting planet. Both of these cause a precession of the orbital plane
and of the periastron of the planet, which result in a long-term variation of
the duration and the period of the transits. For a transiting planet at 0.05
AU, either a quadrupole moment similar to that of the Sun or the gravitational
tug from an Earth-like planet on an orbit of semimajor axis ~ 0.2 AU and a
relative inclination near the optimal 45 degrees would cause a transit duration
time derivative of ~ 1 second per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 252 </DOCNO>
Bounding and approximating parabolas for the spectrum of Heisenberg spin


  We prove that for a wide class of quantum spin systems with isotropic
Heisenberg coupling the energy eigenvalues which belong to a total spin quantum
number S have upper and lower bounds depending at most quadratically on S. The
only assumption adopted is that the mean coupling strength of any spin w.r.t.
its neighbours is constant for all N spins. The coefficients of the bounding
parabolas are given in terms of special eigenvalues of the N times N coupling
matrix which are usually easily evaluated. In addition we show that the
bounding parabolas, if properly shifted, provide very good approximations of
the true boundaries of the spectrum. We present numerical examples of
frustrated rings, a cube, and an icosahedron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3046 </DOCNO>
Conductivity of continuum percolating systems


  We study the conductivity of a class of disordered continuum systems
represented by the Swiss-cheese model, where the conducting medium is the space
between randomly placed spherical holes, near the percolation threshold. This
model can be mapped onto a bond percolation model where the conductance
$\sigma$ of randomly occupied bonds is drawn from a probability distribution of
the form $\sigma^{-a}$. Employing the methods of renormalized field theory we
show to arbitrary order in $\epsilon$-expansion that the critical conductivity
exponent of the Swiss-cheese model is given by $t^{\text{SC}} (a) = (d-2)\nu +
\max [\phi, (1-a)^{-1}]$, where $d$ is the spatial dimension and $\nu$ and
$\phi$ denote the critical exponents for the percolation correlation length and
resistance, respectively. Our result confirms a conjecture which is based on
the 'nodes, links, and blobs' picture of percolation clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128580 </DOCNO>
RXTE Spectrum of A2319


  The cluster of galaxies A2319 was observed in 1999 for 160 ks by the PCA and
HEXTE instruments aboard the RXTE satellite. No noticeable variability is seen
in the emission measured by either instrument over the 8 week observation.
Fitting the RXTE data by a single thermal component we obtain $kT = 8.6 \pm
0.1$ (90% confidence limits), a low iron abundance $Z_{F_e} \sim 0.16 \pm
0.02$, and large positive residuals below 6 keV and between 15 to 30 keV. The
quality of the fit is drastically improved if a second component is added. A
two-temperature model yields $kT_{1} \simeq 10.1 \pm 0.6$, $kT_{2}\simeq 2.8
\pm 0.6$, and of $Z_{F_e} \sim 0.23 \pm 0.03$. An equally good fit is obtained
by a combination of a primary thermal and a secondary nonthermal component,
with $kT \simeq 8.9 \pm 0.6$, and power-law index $\alpha \simeq 2.4 \pm 0.3$.
We have repeated the analysis by performing joint fits to both these RXTE
measurements and archival ASCA data. At most 25% of the RXTE secondary
component could be present in the ASCA data. Allowing for this difference, very
similar results were obtained, with only somewhat different values for the
temperature and power-law index in the latter model. The deduced value of
$\alpha$ is consistent with the measured spectrum of extended radio emission.
Identifying the power-law emission as Compton scattering of the radio-emitting
electrons by the CMB, we obtain $B \sim0.1-0.3$ $\mu G$ for the volume-averaged
magnetic field, and $\sim 4 \times 10^{-14}(R/2 Mpc)^{-3}$ erg cm$^{-3}$ for
the mean energy density of the emitting electrons in the central region (radius
R) of A2319.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83983 </DOCNO>
A slow control system for the Garfield apparatus


  The major part of the GARFIELD apparatus electronics are monitored and set up
through a slow control system, which has been developed at LNL. A software
package based on Lab View has been dedicated to the setting and control of 16
channels integrated Amplifiers and Constant Fraction Discriminators. GPIB
controllers and GPIB-ENET interfaces have been used for the communication
between the Personal Computer and the front-end of the electronics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3949 </DOCNO>
The Hydrodynamical Limit of Quantum Hall system


  We study the current algebra of FQHE systems in the hydrodynamical limit of
small amplitude, long-wavelength fluctuations. We show that the algebra
simplifies considerably in this limit. The hamiltonian is expressed in a
current-current form and the operators creating inter-Landau level and lowest
Landau level collective excitations are identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75597 </DOCNO>
New Indications of Changing the Regime of Multiple Production at


  The effect of alignment of secondary particles (products of hadron
interactions at superhigh energies $E^\mathrm{{in}}\geq5\cdot10^{6}$ GeV) as a
"fan", which has been observed in cosmic rays, is analysed. It is shown that
its main specific features are well described within the model that we proposed
twenty years ago to explain sharp anomalies in the process of multiple
production, which are observed in the same energy range. This model assumes
that quarks have internal massive degrees of freedom. Some consequences of the
used approach are discussed, which may be important for the multiple process in
the above-mentioned region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169357 </DOCNO>
Entanglement transfer from dissociated molecules to photons


  We introduce and study the concept of transferring the quantum state of two
internally-translationally entangled fragments, formed by molecular
dissociation, to a photon pair. The transfer is based on intracavity stimulated
Raman adiabatic passage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124967 </DOCNO>
ASCA Detection of Pulsed X-ray Emission from PSR J0631+1036


  ASCA's long look at the 288 millisecond radio pulsar, PSR J0631+1036, reveals
coherent X-ray pulsation from this source for the first time. The source was
first detected in the serendipitous Einstein observation and later identified
as a radio pulsar. Possible pulsation in the gamma-ray band has been detected
from the CGRO EGRET data (Zepka, et al. 1996). The X-ray spectrum in the ASCA
band is characterized by a hard power-law type emission with a photon index of
about 2.3, when fitted with a single power-law function modified with
absorption. An additional blackbody component of about 0.14 keV increases the
quality of the spectral fit. The observed X-ray flux is 2.1e-13 ergs/s/cm2 in
the 1-10 keV band. We find that many characteristics of PSR J0631+1036 are
similar to those of middle-aged gamma-ray pulsars such as PSR B1055-52, PSR
B0633+17 (Geminga), and PSR B0656+14.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75910 </DOCNO>
New Tools for Fermion Masses from Extra Dimensions


  We present models in which the observed fermion masses and mixings are
generated by dynamically localizing the three generations of matter in a flat
compact extra dimension. We first construct models assuming the hierarchy
problem is addressed by the existence of large extra dimensions, i.e. the
fundamental scale is not far above a TeV and supersymmetry is not imposed.
These models are compactified, chiral, and don't require fine-tuning to
generate the top mass. Limits on the compactification scale based on
flavor-changing neutral currents are relaxed compared to those on existing
models. We then supersymmetrize some of these models. Using N=1 superspace
language in extra dimensions, we find space-dependent flat directions which can
be used to localize fields. Finally, we discuss methods of breaking
supersymmetry and the impact of these models on the superpartner spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86878 </DOCNO>
AdS/CFT duality and the black hole information paradox


  Near-extremal black holes are obtained by exciting the Ramond sector of the
D1-D5 CFT, where the ground state is highly degenerate. We find that the dual
geometries for these ground states have throats that end in a way that is
characterized by the CFT state. Below the black hole threshold we find a
detailed agreement between propagation in the throat and excitations of the
CFT. We study the breakdown of the semiclassical approximation and relate the
results to the proposal of gr-qc/0007011 for resolving the information paradox:
semiclassical evolution breaks down if hypersurfaces stretch too much during an
evolution. We find that a volume V stretches to a maximum throat depth of V/2G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76256 </DOCNO>
Analytical Result for Dimensionally Regularized Massive On-Shell Planar


  The dimensionally regularized master planar double box Feynman diagram with
four massive and three massless lines, powers of propagators equal to one, all
four legs on the mass shell, i.e. with p_i^2=m^2, i=1,2,3,4, is analytically
evaluated for general values of m^2 and the Mandelstam variables s and t. An
explicit result is expressed in terms of polylogarithms, up to the third order,
depending on special combinations of m^2,s and t.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 595 </DOCNO>
Conductance of a Semiconductor-Superconductor junction in high magnetic


  Conductance $G$ of a 2DEG-Superconductor (S) device in a high magnetic field
is studied: $G(\nu)$ is calculated. When the cyclotron diameter in 2DEG is
larger than the width of the 2DEG-S surface then $G(\nu)$ becomes nonmonotonous
function due to the Aharonov--Bohm type interference of quasiparticles at the
surface. At certain parameters of the junction the conductance oscillates with
$\nu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7444 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of Fermi-liquid theory in a cuprate superconductor


  The behaviour of electrons in solids is remarkably well described by Landau's
Fermi-liquid theory, which says that even though electrons in a metal interact
they can still be treated as well-defined fermions, called ``quasiparticles''.
At low temperature, the ability of quasiparticles to transport heat is strictly
given by their ability to transport charge, via a universal relation known as
the Wiedemann-Franz law, which no material in nature has been known to violate.
High-temperature superconductors have long been thought to fall outside the
realm of Fermi-liquid theory, as suggested by several anomalous properties, but
this has yet to be shown conclusively. Here we report on the first experimental
test of the Wiedemann-Franz law in a cuprate superconductor,
(Pr,Ce)$_2$CuO$_4$. Our study reveals a clear departure from the universal law
and provides compelling evidence for the breakdown of Fermi-liquid theory in
high-temperature superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73003 </DOCNO>
Factorization and hadronic B decays in the heavy quark limit


  Recent theoretical investigations of two-body hadronic B decays have provided
justification for the use of the factorization ansatz to evaluate the B decay
matrix elements. Motivated by this, we present simplified formulae for a wide
range of B decays into the lowest mass pseudoscalar and vector mesons. These
formulae, valid in the heavy quark limit, involve a reduced set of soft QCD
parameters and, although resulting in some loss of accuracy, should still
provide an adequate and transparent tool with which to confront data for some
time to come. Finally, we confront these formulae with data on 19 channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87300 </DOCNO>
Higgs Driven Geodetic Evolution/Nucleation of de-Sitter Brane


  Geodetic evolution of a de-Sitter brane is exclusively driven by a Higgs
potential, rather than by a plain cosmological constant. The deviation from
Einstein gravity, parameterized by the conserved bulk energy, is characterized
by a hairy horizon which serves as the locus of unbroken symmetry. The quartic
structure of the potential, singled out on finiteness grounds of the total
(including the dark component) energy density, chooses the no-boundary
proposal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6439 </DOCNO>
Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors in the Low Carrier Density Regime


  This paper, based on a presentation at the Spintronics 2001 conference,
provides a review of our studies on II-VI and III-V Mn-doped Diluted Magnetic
Semiconductors. We use simple models appropriate for the low carrier density
(insulating) regime, although we believe that some of the unusual features of
the magnetization curves should qualitatively be present at larger dopings
(metallic regime) as well. Positional disorder of the magnetic impurities
inside the host semiconductor is shown to have observable consequences for the
shape of the magnetization curve. Below the critical temperature the
magnetization is spatially inhomogeneous, leading to very unusual temperature
dependence of the average magnetization as well as specific heat. Disorder is
also found to enhance the ferromagnetic transition temperature. Unusual spin
and charge transport is implied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1340 </DOCNO>
Thermal magnetization fluctuations in thin films and a new physical form


  The effect of thermal fluctuations on a thin film magnetoresistive element
has been calculated. The technique involves adding to the basic spin dynamics a
general form of interaction with a thermal bath. For a general anisotropic
magnetic system the resulting equation can be written as a Langevin equation
for a harmonic oscillator. Our approach predicts two times smaller noise power
at low frequencies than the conventional stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert
equation. It is shown that equivalent results can be obtained by introducing a
tensor phenomenological damping term to the gyromagnetic dynamics driven by a
thermal fluctuating field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86333 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constant, Quintessence and Expansive Nondecelerative


  Recent observations of the Universe have led to a conclusion suppressing an
up-to-now supposed deceleration of the Universe caused by attractive
gravitational forces. Contrary, there is a renaissance of the cosmological
member lambda and introduction of enigmatic repulsive dark energy in attempts
to rationalize a would-be acceleration of the Universe expansion. It is
documented that the model of Expansive Nondecelerative Universe is capable to
offer acceptable answers to the questions on the Universe expansion, state
equations of the Universe, the parameter omega, the cosmological member lambda
without any necessity to introduce new strange kinds of matter or energy being
in accord with the fundamental conservation laws and generally accepted
parameters of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97421 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical limit for nonlinear Schroedinger equations with


  We prove somo multiplicity results by means of a perturbation technique in
critical point theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127284 </DOCNO>
Reclassification of gamma-ray bursts


  We have applied two different automatic classifier algorithms to the BATSE
Current GRB Catalog data and we obtain three different classes of GRBs. Our
results confirm the existence of a third, intermediate class of GRBs, with mean
duration \sim 25-50 s, as deduced from a cluster analysis and from a neural
network algorithm. Our analyses imply longer durations than those found by
Mukherjee et al. (1998) and Horvath (1998), whose intermediate class had
durations \sim 2-10 s. From the neural network analysis no difference in
hardness between the two longest classes is found, and from both methods we
find that the intermediate-duration class constitutes the most homogeneous
sample of GRBs in its space distribution while the longest-duration class
constitutes the most inhomogeneous one with <V/V_max> \sim 0.1, being thus the
deepest population of GRBs with z_max \sim 10. The trend previously found in
long bursts, of spatial inhomogeneity increasing with hardness, only holds for
this new longest-duration class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7121 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal spin waves in a dilute Bose gas


  We present a kinetic theory for a dilute noncondensed Bose gas of two-level
atoms that predicts the transient spin segregation observed in a recent
experiment. The underlying mechanism driving spin currents in the gas is due to
a mean field effect arising from the quantum interference between the direct
and exchange scattering of atoms in different spin states. We numerically solve
the spin Boltzmann equation, using a one dimensional model, and find excellent
agreement with experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 985 </DOCNO>
The electronic state of vortices in YBa2Cu3Oy investigated by complex


  The electromagnetic response to microwaves in the mixed state of
YBa2Cu3Oy(YBCO) was measured in order to investigate the electronic state
inside and outside the vortex core. The magnetic-field dependence of the
complex surface impedance at low temperatures was in good agreement with a
general vortex dynamics description assuming that the field-independent viscous
damping force and the linear restoring force were acting on the vortices. In
other words, both real and imaginary parts of the complex resistivity, \rho_1,
and \rho_2, were linear in B. This is explained by theories for d-wave
superconductors. Using analysis based on the Coffey-Clem description of the
complex penetration depth, we estimated that the vortex viscosity \eta at 10 K
was (4 \sim 5) \times 10^{-7} Ns/m^2. This value corresponds to \omega_0 \tau
\sim 0.3 - 0.5, where \omega_0 and \tau are the minimal gap frequency and the
quasiparticle lifetime in the vortex core, respectively. These results suggest
that the vortex core in YBCO is in the moderately clean regime. Investigation
of the moderately clean vortex core in high-temperature superconductors is
significant because physically new effects may be expected due to d-wave
characteristics and to the quantum nature of cuprate superconductors. The
behavior of Z_s as a function of B across the first order transition (FOT) of
the vortex lattice was also investigated. Unlike Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (BSCCO), no
distinct anomaly was observed around the FOT in YBCO. Our results suggest that
the rapid increase of X_s due to the change of superfluid density at the FOT
would be observed only in highly anisotropic two-dimensional vortex systems
like BSCCO. We discuss these results in terms of the difference of the
interlayer coupling and the energy scale between the two materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74860 </DOCNO>
Theoretical interpretation of the experiments on Parametric X-ray


  The spectral-angular and angular distributions of parametric X-radiation for
case of backward diffraction (particular case of Bragg geometry scheme) is
discussed. It is shown that in case of Bragg geometry it is necessary to use
dynamical approach for PXR consideration. The comparison of the theory and
experiment is carried out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74408 </DOCNO>
A Statistical Treatment to the Evolution Equation for Quark


  The evolution of polarized quark distribution functions is taken into account
the gluon emission and absorption, quark pair production and annihilation
processes and treated by a statistical method which provides quark distribution
functions at small $Q^2$. The evolution function of quark distributions is
derived and solved by numerical methods. Then the $Q^2$ dependent and
$\alpha_{s}$ dependent structure functions $F_{2}(x, Q^{2})$ are obtained and
the example of it, the proton structure function, is calculated, whose increase
and decrease tendency with $\alpha_{s}$ at different $x$ is consistent with
experiments. This is also an evidence that the statistical methods for the
nucleon is reasonable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126007 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Hidden Blazars


  A blazar is believed to exist in every radio-loud quasar. This is expected in
a unified scheme where the differences in both optical and radio observations
of radio-loud quasars are the result of different viewing angles. We have
predicted that blazars may be detected using emission line ratio variations
caused by variable illumination of gas clouds in the broad emission line
region. In a spectroscopic search of 62 quasars at a redshift of about 2, we
have discovered large (>20%) variations of the emission line ratios, CIV/CIII]
or CIV/Ly$\alpha$, when compared with historical data taken over 10 years ago.
This result is consistent with our prediction, and thus supports the
unification scheme for radio-loud quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 811 </DOCNO>
Gap ratio in anharmonic charge-density-wave systems


  Many experimental systems exist that possess charge-density-wave order in
their ground state. While this order should be able to be described with models
similar to those used for superconductivity, nearly all systems have a ratio of
the charge-density-wave order parameter to the transition temperature that is
too high for conventional theories. Recent work explained how this can happen
in harmonic systems, but when the lattice distortion gets large, anharmonic
effects must play an increasingly important role. Here we study the gap ratio
for anharmonic charge-density wave systems to see whether the low-temperature
properties possess universality as was seen previously in the transition
temperature and to see whether the explanation for the large gap ratios
survives for anharmonic systems as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3802 </DOCNO>
Structure of a superconducting vortex pinned by a screw dislocation


  Spatial dependence of the magnetic field and the superconducting current in a
flux line pinned by a screw dislocation are computed. Interaction of a
superconducting vortex with the chiral-symmetry breaking elastic strain of a
screw dislocation results in a helical current along the axis of the
dislocation. It is argued that screw dislocations make impossible a force-free
arrangement of flux lines in the presence of a transport current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168961 </DOCNO>
Role of entanglement in two-photon imaging


  The use of entangled photons in an imaging system can exhibit effects that
cannot be mimicked by any other two-photon source, whatever the strength of the
correlations between the two photons. We consider a two-photon imaging system
in which one photon is used to probe a remote (transmissive or scattering)
object, while the other serves as a reference. We discuss the role of
entanglement versus correlation in such a setting, and demonstrate that
entanglement is a prerequisite for achieving distributed quantum imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125917 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Ray Acceleration by Magnetic Traps


  Cosmic ray acceleration in turbulent interstellar medium is considered.
Turbulence is treated as ensemble of moving magnetic traps. We derive equations
for particle momentum distribution function that describes acceleration of
particles in this case. Rate of acceleration calculated is estimated for our
Galaxy and compared with ones given by other acceleration mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75304 </DOCNO>
Superheavy particles either for UHECR of for muon anomaly


  We show that, according to the scheme of spontaneous breakings starting from
a GUT with symmetry E6, it is possible that either a superheavy particle
without ordinary interactions is source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays or a
not so heavy lepton mixes with muon explaining the recently observed
discrepancy of the anomalous magnetic moment of the latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 65 </DOCNO>
Stationary states of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate: routes to


  Using a focused laser beam we stir a $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensate
confined in a magnetic trap. We observe that the steady states of the
condensate correspond to an elliptic cloud, stationary in the rotating frame.
These steady states depend nonlinearly on the stirring parameters (amplitude
and frequency), and various solutions can be reached experimentally depending
on the path followed in this parameter space. These states can be dynamically
unstable and we observe that such instabilities lead to vortex nucleation in
the condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73949 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Contributions in an Analytic Running Coupling of QCD


  In the framework of analytic approach to QCD the nonperturbative
contributions in running coupling of strong interaction up to 4-loop order are
obtained in an explicit form. For all $Q>\Lambda$ they are shown to be
represented in the form of an expansion in inverse powers of Euclidean momentum
squared. The expansion coefficients are calculated for different numbers of
active quark flavors $n_f$ and for different number of loops taken into
account. On basis of the stated expansion the effective method for precise
calculation of the analytic running coupling can be developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86690 </DOCNO>
Plane fronted parallel waves in a warm two-component plasma


  A general system of equations is derived, using the 1+3 orthonormal tetrad
formalism, describing the influence of a plane-fronted-parallel gravitational
wave on a warm relativistic two-component plasma. We focus our attention on
phenomena that are induced by terms that are higher order in the gravitational
wave amplitude. In particular, it is shown that parametric excitations of
ion-acoustic waves takes place, due to these higher order gravitational
non-linearities. The implications of the results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99051 </DOCNO>
Differential geometry of GL$_h(1| 1)$


  We construct a right-invariant differential calculus on the quantum
supergroup GL$_h(1| 1)$ and obtain the $h$-deformed superalgebra of GL$_h(1|
1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99082 </DOCNO>
Growth fluctuations in a class of deposition models


  We compute the growth fluctuations in equilibrium of a wide class of
deposition models. These models also serve as general frame to several
nearest-neighbor particle jump processes, e.g. the simple exclusion or the zero
range process, where our result turns to current fluctuations of the particles.
We use martingale technique and coupling methods to show that, rescaled by
time, the variance of the growth as seen by a deterministic moving observer has
the form |V-C|*D, where V and C is the speed of the observer and the second
class particle, respectively, and D is a constant connected to the equilibrium
distribution of the model. Our main result is a generalization of Ferrari and
Fontes' result for simple exclusion process. Law of large numbers and central
limit theorem are also proven. We need some properties of the motion of the
second class particle, which are known for simple exclusion and are partly
known for zero range processes, and which are proven here for a type of
deposition models and also for a type of zero range processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150021 </DOCNO>
Ambiguities of the Seiberg-Witten map in the presence of matter field


  The ambiguities of the Seiberg-Witten map for gauge field coupled with
fermionic matter are discussed. We find that only part of the ambiguities can
be absorbed by gauge transformation and/or field redefinition and thus are
negligible. The existence of matter field makes some other part of the
ambiguities difficult to be absorbed by gauge transformation or field
redefinition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40694 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Vcb and Charmless Hadronic B decays at CLEO


  The recent results on the measurement of Vcb and charmless hadronic B decays
from CLEO are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72509 </DOCNO>
Progress on two-loop non-propagator integrals


  At variance with fully inclusive quantities, which have been computed already
at the two- or three-loop level, most exclusive observables are still known
only at one loop, as further progress was hampered up to very recently by the
greater computational problems encountered in the study of multi-leg amplitudes
beyond one loop. We discuss the progress made lately in the evaluation of
two-loop multi-leg integrals, with particular emphasis on two-loop four-point
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75990 </DOCNO>
Solitosynthesis of Q-balls


  We study the formation of Q-balls in the early universe, concentrating on
potentials with a cubic or quartic attractive interaction. Large Q-balls can
form via solitosynthesis, a process of gradual charge accretion, provided some
primordial charge assymetry and initial ``seed'' Q-balls exist. We find that
such seeds are possible in theories in which the attractive interaction is of
the form $A H \psi^* \psi$, with a light ``Higgs'' mass. Condensate formation
and fragmentation is only possible for masses $m_\psi$ in the sub-eV range;
these Q-balls may survive untill present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1336 </DOCNO>
Ground state and excited state properties of LaMnO$_3$ from


  The ground state and excited state properties of the perovskite LaMnO$_3$ are
calculated based on the generalized-gradient-corrected relativistic
full-potential method. The electronic structure, magnetism and energetics of
various spin configurations for LaMnO$_3$ in the ideal cubic perovskite
structure and the experimentally observed distorted orthorhombic structure are
obtained. The excited state properties such as the optical, magneto-optical,
x-ray photoemission (XPS), bremsstrahlung isochromat (BIS), x-ray absorption
near edge structure (XANES) spectra are calculated and found to be in excellent
agreement with available experimental results. The present results suggest that
the correlation effect is not significant in LaMnO$_3$ and the presence of
ferromagnetic coupling within the $ab$ plane as well as the antiferromagnetic
coupling perpendicular to this plane can be explained through the itinerant
band picture. As against earlier expectations, our calculations show that the
Mn 3$d$ $t_{2g}$ as well as the $e_{g}$ electrons are present in the whole
valence band region. In particular significantly large amounts of $t_{2g}$
electrons are present in combination with the $e_{g}$ electrons at the top of
the valence band against the common expectation of presence of only pure
$e_{g}$ electrons. We have calculated the hyperfine field parameters for the
A-type antiferromagnetic and the ferromagnetic phases of LaMnO$_3$ and compared
the findings with the available experimental results. The role of the
orthorhombic distortion on electronic structure, magnetism and optical
anisotropy are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75326 </DOCNO>
How Far Can the SO(10) Two Higgs Model Describe the Observed Neutrino


  Can the SO(10) model with one {\bf 10} and one {\bf 126} Higgs scalars give
the observed masses and mixings of quarks and leptons without any other
additional Higgs scalars? Recently, at least, for quarks and charged leptons,
it has been demonstrated that it is possible. However, for the neutrinos, it is
usually said that parameters which are determined from the quark and charged
lepton masses cannot give the observed large neutrino mixings. This problem is
systematically investigated, and it is concluded that the present data cannot
exclude SO(10) model with two Higgs scalars although it cannot give the best
fit values of the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127217 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent axisymmetric Sridhar-Touma models


  We construct phase-space distribution functions for the oblate, cuspy mass
models of Sridhar & Touma, which may contain a central point mass (black hole)
and have potentials of St\"ackel form in parabolic coordinates. The density in
the ST models is proportional to a power $r^{-\gamma}$ of the radius, with
$0<\gamma<1$. We derive distribution functions $f(E, L_z)$ for the scale-free
ST models (no black hole) using a power series of the energy $E$ and the
component $L_z$ of the angular momentum parallel to the symmetry axis. We use
the contour integral method of Hunter & Qian to construct $f(E, L_z)$ for ST
models with central black holes, and employ the scheme introduced by Dejonghe &
de Zeeuw to derive more general distribution functions which depend on $E$,
$L_z$ and the exact third integral $I_3$. We find that self-consistent two- and
three-integral distribution functions exist for all values $0 < \gamma < 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179623 </DOCNO>
The Solar $hep$ Processes in Effective Field Theory


  By combining effective field theory with the standard nuclear physics
approach (SNPA) we obtain a high-precision estimate of the $S$ factor for the
solar $hep$ process. The accurate wave functions available in SNPA are used to
evaluate the nuclear matrix elements for the transition operators that result
from chiral perturbation theory (ChPT). All the contributions up to \nlo3 in
ChPT are included. The resulting parameter-free, error-controlled prediction
is: $S(hep)=(8.6 \pm 1.3)\times 10^{-20}$ keV-b.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148659 </DOCNO>
On Symplectic, Multisymplectic Structures-Preserving in Simple Finite


  By the simple finite element method, we study the symplectic, multisymplectic
structures and relevant preserving properties in some semi-linear elliptic
boundary value problem in one-dimensional and two-dimensional spaces
respectively. We find that with uniform mesh, the numerical schemes derived
from finite element method can keep a preserved symplectic structure in
one-dimensional case and a preserved multisymplectic structure in
two-dimentional case respectively. These results are in fact the intrinsic
reason that the numerical experiments indicate that such finite element schemes
are accurate in practice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5549 </DOCNO>
Single-Molecule Magnets: Preparation and Properties of Mixed-Carboxylate


  Methods are reported for the preparation of mixed-carboxylate versions of the
[Mn12O12(O2CR)16(H2O)4] family of single-molecule magnets (SMMs).
[Mn12O12(O2CCHCl2)8(O2CCH2But)8(H2O)3] (5) and
[Mn12O12(O2CHCl2)8(O2CEt)8(H2O)3] (6) have been obtained from the 1:1 reaction
of the corresponding homocarboxylate species. Complexes 5 and 6 both contain a
[Mn12O12] core with the CHCl2CO2- ligands ordered in the axial positions and
the RCO2- ligands (R = CH2But (5) or Et (6)) in equatorial positions. There is,
thus, a preference for the CHCl2CO2- to occupy the sites lying on the MnIII
Jahn-Teller axes, and this is rationalized on the basis of the relative
basicities of the carboxylate groups. Direct current magnetic susceptibility
studies in a 10.0 kG field in the 2.00-300 K range indicate a large
ground-state spin, and fitting of magnetization data collected in the 10.0-70.0
kG field and 1.80-4.00 K temperature range gave S = 10, g = 1.89, and D = -0.65
K for 5, and S = 10, g = 1.83, and D = -0.60 K for 6. These values are typical
of [Mn12O12(O2CR)16(H2O)4] complexes. Alternating current susceptibility
studies show the out-of-phase susceptibility (chi'') signals characteristic of
the slow relaxation in the millisecond time scale of single-molecule magnets.
Arrhenius plots obtained from chi'' versus T data gave effective barriers to
relaxation (Ueff) of 71 and 72 K for 5 and 6, respectively. 1H NMR spectra in
CD2Cl2 show that 5 and 6 are the main species present on dissolution, but there
is evidence for some ligand distribution between axial and equatorial sites, by
intra- and/or intermolecular exchange processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73009 </DOCNO>
Introduction to low x physics and diffraction


  The basic concepts relevant for the theoretical description of deep inelastic
scattering within the QCD improved parton model are introduced. Recent
developments in low $x$ DIS and in deep inelastic diffraction are briefly
summarised. This includes discussion of the BFKL dynamics including the
subleading effects and of the saturation model. The dedicated measurements,
which probe the QCD pomeron are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98720 </DOCNO>
Resultants and Chow forms via Exterior Syzygies


  Given a sheaf on a projective space P^n we define a sequence of canonical and
easily computable Chow complexes on the Grassmannians of planes in P^n,
generalizing the Beilinson monad on P^n. If the sheaf has dimension k, then the
Chow form of the associated k-cycle is the determinant of the Chow complex on
the Grassmannian of planes of codimension k+1. Using the theory of vector
bundles and the canonical nature of the complexes we are able to give explicit
determinantal and Pfaffian formulas for resultants in some cases where no
polynomial formulas were known. For example, the Horrocks-Mumford bundle gives
rise to a polynomial formula for the resultant of five homogeneous forms of
degree eight in five variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149090 </DOCNO>
Bulk Observers in Non-Factorizable Geometries


  We consider five dimensional non-factorizable geometries where the transverse
dimension is bounded and the remaining (parallel) dimensions are not. We study
the construction of effective theories at distances much longer than the
transverse size. An observer unable to resolve the transverse direction can
only measure distances along the parallel dimensions, but the non-factorizable
geometry makes the length of a curve along the parallel dimension sensitive to
where on the transverse direction the curve lies. We show that long geodesics
that differ in their endpoints only by shifts along the transverse direction
all have the same length to within the observer's resolution. We argue that
this is the correct notion of distance in the effective theory for a bulk
observer. This allows us to present a consistent interpretation of what is
measured by observers that live either on a brane or in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124220 </DOCNO>
The Central Regions of Early-Type Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic


  We present preliminary results from surface photometry of a sample of
early-type galaxies observed with NICMOS on board HST in the F160W (H-band)
filter. Dust is found to occur mostly in galaxies which possess unresolved
nuclei, and in a few cases the presence of dust causes the isophotes to appear
boxy. We performed a 2-D modeling of the host galaxy light distribution using
the empirical Nuker function, which proves to be an adequate representation of
the surface-brightness profile for most early-type galaxies. The accurate
modeling of the bulge light allows us to obtain the magnitude of the unresolved
central source without contamination from the underlying stellar population.
Our classification of early-type galaxies into core-type and power-law galaxies
agrees with the results from previous work based on HST optical images, with
core profiles occurring in luminous galaxies and power-law profiles occurring
in low-luminosity galaxies with disky isophotes. We do not find a clear
dichotomy in the distribution of inner slopes. Unresolved nuclear point sources
are evident in about one-third of the sample galaxies, with H magnitudes in the
range 13.5 to 17.3. Most of the type 1 Seyfert and LINER nuclei (83%) reveal a
distinct point source, while the detection rate is much less for type 2 nuclei
(35%). The occurrence of point sources appears to be independent of whether the
underlying galaxy has core-type profile or power-law profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41622 </DOCNO>
Quark Distributions of Octet Baryons from SU(3) Symmetry


  SU(3) symmetry relations between the octet baryons are introduced in order to
connect both the unpolarized and polarized quark distributions of the octet
baryons with those of the nucleon. Two different parametrizations of the
nucleon quark distributions are used. A new scenario of quark flavor and spin
structure of the $\Lambda$ is found and compared with two other models: a
perturbative QCD based analysis and a quark diquark model. The $u$ and $d$
quarks inside the $\Lambda$ are predicted to be positively polarized at large
Bjorken variable $x$ in the new scenario. By using an approximate relation
connecting the quark fragmentation functions with the quark distributions, the
hadron polarizations of the octet baryons in $e^+e^-$-annihilation, polarized
charged lepton deep inelastic scattering (DIS) processes, and neutrino
(antineutrino) DIS processes are predicted. The predictions for $\Lambda$
polarizations in several processes are compatible with the available data at
large fragmentation momentum fraction $z$, and support the prediction of
positively polarized $u$ and $d$ quarks inside the $\Lambda$ at large $x$.
Predictions for Drell-Yan processes from $\Sigma^{\pm}$ and $\Xi^-$ beams on an
isoscalar target are also given and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98046 </DOCNO>
The Banach envelope of Paley-Wiener type spaces


  We give an explicit computation of the Banach envelope for the Paley-Wiener
type spaces $E^p, 0<p<1$.
  This answers a question by Joel Shapiro.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7243 </DOCNO>
Strain effects on silicon donor exchange: Quantum computer architecture


  Proposed Silicon-based quantum computer architectures have attracted
attention because of their promise for scalability and their potential for
synergetically utilizing the available resources associated with the existing
infrastructure of the powerful Si technology. Quantitative understanding of and
precise physical control over donor (e.g. Phosphorus) exchange are crucial
elements in the physics underlying the proposed Si-based quantum computer
hardware. An important potential problem in this context is that inter-valley
interference originating from the degeneracy in the Si conduction band edge
causes fast oscillations in donor exchange coupling, which imposes significant
constraints on the Si quantum computer architecture. In this paper we consider
the effect of external strain on Si donor exchange in the context of quantum
computer hardware. We study donor electron exchange in uniaxially strained Si,
since strain partially lifts the valley degeneracy in the bulk. In particular,
we focus on the effects of donor displacements among lattice sites on the
exchange coupling, investigating whether inter-valley interference poses less
of a problem to exchange coupling of donors in strained Si. We show, using the
Kohn-Luttinger envelope function approach, that fast oscillations in exchange
coupling indeed disappear for donor pairs that satisfy certain conditions for
their relative positions, while in other situations the donor exchange coupling
remains oscillatory, with periods close to interatomic spacing. We also comment
on the possible role of controlled external strain in the design and
fabrication of Si quantum computer architecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168652 </DOCNO>
Interaction representation method for Markov master equations in quantum


  Conditions sufficient for a quantum dynamical semigroup (QDS) to be unital
are proved for a class of problems in quantum optics with Hamiltonians which
are self-adjoint polynomials of any finite order in creation and annihilation
operators. The order of the Hamiltonian may be higher than the order of
completely positive part of the formal generator of a QDS.
  The unital property of a minimal quantum dynamical semigroup implies the
uniqueness of the solution of the corresponding Markov master equation in the
class of quantum dynamical semigroups and, in the corresponding representation,
it ensures preservation of the trace or unit operator. We recall that only in
the unital case the formal generator of MME determines uniquely the
corresponding QDS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7453 </DOCNO>
Calogero-Moser models with noncommutative spin interactions


  We construct integrable generalizations of the elliptic
Calogero-Sutherland-Moser model of particles with spin, involving
noncommutative spin interactions. The spin coupling potential is a modular
function and, generically, breaks the global spin symmetry of the model down to
a product of U(1) phase symmetries. Previously known models are recovered as
special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77046 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Dependence of Intercept Parameter \lambda of


  Within recently proposed approach aimed to effectively describe the observed
non-Bose type behavior of the intercept \lambda of two-particle correlation
function C(p,K) of identical pions or kaons detected in heavy-ion collisions,
the q-deformed oscillators and q-Bose gas picture are employed. For the
intercept \lambda, connected with deformation parameter q, the model predicts a
fully specified dependence of \lambda on pair mean momentum {\bf K}. The
intercepts \lambda_\pi and \lambda_K for pions and kaons, differing noticeably
at small {\bf K}, should merge at {\bf K} large enough, i.e., in the range
|{\bf K}| \ge 800 MeV/c, where the effect of resonance decays is negligible. In
this paper we confront, fixing q appropriately, the predicted dependence
\lambda_\pi=\lambda_\pi({\bf K}) with recent results from STAR/RHIC for
\pi^-\pi^- and \pi^+\pi^+ pairs, and find nice agreement. Using the same q, we
also predict behavior of \lambda for kaons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 122 </DOCNO>
Lateral correlation of multivalent counterions is the universal


  We review works on screening of a macroion, such as colloidal particle or
double helix DNA, by multivalent counterions. Multivalent metal ions, charged
micelles, short or long polyelectrolytes can play the role of multivalent
counterions. Due to the strong Coulomb repulsion such multivalent counterions
form a strongly correlated liquid resembling a Wigner crystal at the surface of
the macroion. Even if the macroion is neutralized by this liquid, a newly
arriving counterion creates in the liquid a correlation hole or image which
attracts the ion to the surface. As a result, total charge of adsorbed
counterions can substantially exceed the bare macroion charge, so that the
macroion net charge inverts its sign. We discuss two previously suggested
explanations of charge inversion and show that physics underlying both of them
is intrinsically that of correlations, so that correlation is the universal
force driving charge inversion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168955 </DOCNO>
Generation of arbitrary two dimensional motional state of a trapped ion


  We present a scheme to generate an arbitrary two-dimensional quantum state of
motion of a trapped ion. This proposal is based on a sequence of laser pulses,
which are tuned appropriately to control transitions on the sidebands of two
modes of vibration. Not more than $(M+1)(N+1)$ laser pulses are needed to
generate a pure state with upper phonon number $M$ and $N$ in the $x$ and $y$
direction respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113984 </DOCNO>
Angular Correlation in Double Photoionization of Atoms and the Role of


  The problem of angular correlation in the double photoionization (DPI) of
rare gas atoms is considered in some depth. We refer particularly to the
efficiency operator for the detection of an electron by a detector having the
shape of a right circular cylinder. The different factors in the efficiency
operator are discussed in detail keeping in mind the fundamental
epistemological question of the role of the observer (or his equipment) in such
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74108 </DOCNO>
A Study of Heavy-Light Mesons on the Transverse Lattice


  We present results from a study of meson spectra and structure in the limit
where one quark is infinitely heavy. The calculations, based on the framework
of light-front QCD formulated on a transverse lattice, are the first
non-perturbative studies of B-mesons in light-front QCD. We calculate the
Isgur-Wise form factor, light-cone distribution amplitude, the heavy-quark
parton distribution function and the leptonic decay constant of B-mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127114 </DOCNO>
A Multi-Wavelength, Multi-Epoch Study of the Soft X-Ray Transient


  We have obtained optical and infrared photometry of the soft x-ray transient
prototype V616 Mon (A0620-00). From this photometry, we find a spectral type of
K4 for the secondary star in the system, which is consistent with spectroscopic
observations. We present J-, H-, and K-band light curves modeled with WD98 and
ELC. Combining detailed, independently run models for ellipsoidal variations
due to a spotted, non-spherical secondary star, and the observed ultraviolet to
infrared spectral energy distribution of the system, we show that the most
likely value for the orbital inclination is 40.75 +/- 3 deg. This inclination
angle implies a primary black hole mass of 11.0 +/- 1.9 solar masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126207 </DOCNO>
The Fate of the Accelerating Universe


  Recently, the indication from supernova distance measurements that the
expansion of the universe is accelerating has been extensively discussed,
including the potential incompatibility of superstring theory with an event
horizon in an eternally accelerating universe. In this paper, we study how
quintessence and a cosmological constant may affect the fate of the universe.
We wish to point out that the ultimate fate of our universe is much more
sensitive to the presence of the cosmological constant than the quintessence or
other matter content. In particular, the universe with a negative cosmological
constant will always collapse eventually, even though the cosmological constant
may be nearly zero and undetectable at all at the present time. This suggests a
scenario in which the universe is accelerating now but may collapse eventually,
thereby avoiding the cumbersome event horizon problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72384 </DOCNO>
Unitarized ChPT Amplitudes and Crossing Symmetry Violation


  Pion-pion scattering amplitude obtained from one-loop Chiral Perturbation
Theory (ChPT) is crossing symmetric, however the corresponding partial-wave
amplitudes do not respect exact unitarity relation. There are different
approaches to get unitarized results from ChPT. Here we consider the inverse
amplitude method (IAM) and, using the Roskies relations, we measure the amount
of crossing symmetry violation when IAM is used in order to fit pion-pion
phase-shifts to experimental data in the resonance region. We also show the
unitarity violation of the crossing symmetric ChPT amplitude with its
parameters fixed in order to fit to experimental phase-shifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72385 </DOCNO>
PT - symmetrized supersymmetric quantum mechanics


  Supersymmetry between bosons and fermions is modeled within PT- symmetric
quantum mechanics. A non-Hermitian alternative to the Witten's supersymmetric
quantum mechanics is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96931 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing and the Jones Polynomial


  This paper is an exploration of relationships between the Jones polynomial
and quantum computing. We discuss the structure of the Jones polynomial in
relation to representations of the Temperley Lieb algebra, and give an example
of a unitary representation of the braid group. We discuss the evaluation of
the polynomial as a generalized quantum amplitude and show how the braiding
part of the evaluation can be construed as a quantum computation when the
braiding representation is unitary. The question of an efficient quantum
algorithm for computing the whole polynomial remains open.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74525 </DOCNO>
B-->\rho l \nu Decay and |V_{ub}|


  $B\to\rho l \nu$ decay is analyzed in the effective theory of heavy quark
with infinite mass limit. The matrix element relevant to the heavy to light
vector meson semileptonic decays is parametrized by a set of four heavy
flavor-spin independent universal wave functions at the leading order of
effective theory. The form factors are calculated at the leading $1/m_Q$ order
using the light cone sum rule method in the framework of effective theory.
$|V_{ub}|$ is then extracted via $B\to \rho l\nu$ decay mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128202 </DOCNO>
The discovery of X-ray emission from the protostellar jet L1551 IRS5 (HH


  We have for the first time detected X-ray emission associated with a
protostellar jet, on the jet emanating from the L1551 IRS5 protostar. The IRS5
protostar is hidden behind a very large absorbing column density, making the
direct observation of the jet's emission possible. The observed X-ray emission
is likely associated with the shock ``working surface'', i.e. the interface
between the jet and the circumstellar medium. The X-ray luminosity emanating
from the jet is moderate, at $L_{\rm X} \simeq 3 \times 10^{29}$ erg/s, a
significant fraction of the luminosity normally associated with the coronal
emission from young stars. The spectrum of the X-ray emission is compatible
with thermal emission from a hot plasma, with a temperature of $\simeq 0.5$ MK,
fully in line with the temperature expected (on the basis of the jet's
velocity) for the shock front produced by the jet hitting the circumstellar
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76844 </DOCNO>
Buckyballs and gluon junction networks on the femtometer scale


  We explore the possibility that novel geometrical structures analogous to
carbon Fullerenes may exist in Nature on the femtometer scale. QCD predicts the
existence of special topological gluon field configurations called baryon
junctions and anti-junctions. Here we show that femto-scale structures,
networks or closed (gluon field) cages, can be constructed in the theory of QCD
as tiny cousins of familiar nano-scale structures such as carbonic Fullerenes
C_{60}, C_{70}. The most symmetric polyhedra of QCD junctions (J-balls) are
characterized by the magic numbers 8, 24, 48, and 120, and zero net baryon
number. Tubes, prisms, tori and other topological structures can also be
created. In addition, special configurations can be constructed that are odd
under charge and parity conjugation (CP), although the QCD Lagrangian is CP
even. We provide a semi-classical estimate for the expected mass range of QCD
Buckyballs and discuss the possible conditions under which such novel
topological excitations of the QCD vacuum may be produced in experiments of
high energy physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148538 </DOCNO>
Stringy gravity, interacting tensionless strings and massless higher


  Consequences of a strong version of the AdS/CFT correspondence for extremely
stringy physics are examined. In particular, properties of N = 4 supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory are used to extract results about interacting tensionless
strings and massless higher spin fields in an AdS_5 x S^5 background.
Furthermore, the thermodynamics of this model signals the presence of a
Hawking-Page phase transition between AdS_5 space and a "black hole"-like high
temperature configuration even in the extreme string limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41065 </DOCNO>
The BABAR Detector


  BABAR, the detector for the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric e+e- B Factory operating
at the upsilon 4S resonance, was designed to allow comprehensive studies of
CP-violation in B-meson decays. Charged particle tracks are measured in a
multi-layer silicon vertex tracker surrounded by a cylindrical wire drift
chamber. Electromagentic showers from electrons and photons are detected in an
array of CsI crystals located just inside the solenoidal coil of a
superconducting magnet. Muons and neutral hadrons are identified by arrays of
resistive plate chambers inserted into gaps in the steel flux return of the
magnet. Charged hadrons are identified by dE/dx measurements in the tracking
detectors and in a ring-imaging Cherenkov detector surrounding the drift
chamber. The trigger, data acquisition and data-monitoring systems, VME- and
network-based, are controlled by custom-designed online software. Details of
the layout and performance of the detector components and their associated
electronics and software are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4222 </DOCNO>
Pressure dependence of the sound velocity in a 2D lattice of


  We study the dependence on the external pressure $P$ of the velocities
$v_{L,T}$ of long wavelength sound waves in a confined 2D h.c.p. lattice of 3D
elastic frictional balls interacting via one-sided Hertz-Mindlin contact
forces, whose diameters exhibit mild dispersion. The presence of an underlying
long range order enables us to build an effective medium description which
incorporates the radial fluctuations of the contact forces acting on a single
site. Due to the non linearity of Hertz elasticity, self-consistency results in
a highly non-linear differential equation for the "equation of state" linking
the effective stiffness of the array with the applied pressure, from which
sound velocities are then obtained. The results are in excellent agreement with
existing experimental results and simulations in the high and intermediate
pressure regimes. It emerges from the analysis that the departure of $v_{L}(P)$
from the ideal $P^{1/6}$ Hertz behavior must be attributed primarily to the
fluctuations of the stress field, rather than to the pressure dependence of the
number of contacts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83903 </DOCNO>
Digital Arroyos: An Examination of State Policy and Regulated Market


  This focused study on state-level policy and access patterns contributes to a
fuller understanding of how these invisible barriers work to structure access
and define rural communities. Combining both quantitative and qualitative data,
this study examines the role of geo-policy barriers in one of the largest and
most rural states in the nation.
  Expanded Area Service policies are state policies wherein phone customers can
expand their local calling area. Because useful Internet access requires a
flat-price connection, EAS policies can play a crucial role in connecting
citizens to one another. EAS policies (including Texas') tend to vary along
five dimensions (community of interest, customer scope, directionality, pricing
mechanism and policy scope). EAS policies that rely on regulated market
boundaries for definition can generate gross inequities in rural Internet
access. Interviews with Internet Service Providers in a case study of 25 rural
communities reveals that LATA and exchange boundaries, along with
geographically restricted infrastructure investments, curtail service provision
in remote areas. A statistical analysis of 1300 telephone exchanges, including
208 rural telephone exchanges in Texas reveals that the farther a community
lies from a metropolitan area the less likely they are to have reliable
Internet access

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127660 </DOCNO>
Statistical Properties of Lyman Break Galaxies at z~4


  We study the luminosity function and the correlation function of about 1200
z~4 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) with i'<26 that are photometrically selected
from deep BRi' imaging data of a 618 arcmin^2 area in the Subaru/XMM-Newton
Deep Field taken with Subaru Prime Focus Camera. The contamination and
completeness of our LBG sample are evaluated, on the basis of the Hubble Deep
Field-North (HDF-N) objects, to be 17% and 45%, respectively. We derive the UV
(rest 1700A) luminosity functions (LFs) and find a large population of
UV-luminous galaxies at z~4. The LFs of the red and blue subsamples imply that
the bright LBGs are redder in the UV continuum than the average color of the
LBGs. Then we calculate the correlation function over theta = 2''-1000'' and
find that it is fitted fairly well by a power law, omega(theta)=A_omega
theta^(-0.8), with A_omega=0.71 +/- 0.26. We estimate the correlation length
r_0 (in comoving units) of the two-point spatial correlation function xi(r) =
(r/r_0)^(-1.8) to be r_0=2.7 +0.5/-0.6 h^(-1) Mpc (Omega_m=0.3 and
Omega_Lambda=0.7). The correlation function shows an excess of omega (theta) on
small scales (theta < 5''), departing from the power-law fit at > 3 sigma
significance level. Interpreting this as being due to galaxy mergers, we
evaluate the fraction of galaxies undergoing mergers to be 3.0 +/- 0.9%, which
is significantly smaller than those of galaxies at intermediate redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75929 </DOCNO>
Large Mixing Induced by the Strong Coupling with a Single Bulk Neutrinos


  Neutrino is a good probe of extra dimensions. Large mixing and the apparent
lack of very complicated oscillation patterns may be an indication of large
couplings between the brane and a single bulk neutrino. A simple and realistic
five-dimensional model of this kind is discussed. It requires a sterile in
addition to three active neutrinos on the brane, all coupled strongly to one
common bulk neutrino, but not directly among themselves. Mindful that sterile
neutrinos are disfavored in the atmospheric and solar data, we demand induced
mixing to occur among the active neutrinos, but not between the active and the
sterile. The size $R$ of the extra dimension is arbitrary in this model,
otherwise it contains six parameters which can be used to fit the three
neutrino masses and the three mixing angles. However, in the model those six
parameters must be suitably ordered, so a successful fit is not guaranteed. It
turns out that not only the data can be fitted, but as a result of the
ordering, a natural connection between the smallness of the reactor angle
$\theta_{13}$ and the smallness of the mass-gap ratio $\Delta
M^2_{solar}/\Delta M^2_{atmospheric}$ can be derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72519 </DOCNO>
Inflationary scenarios with scale-invariant spectral tensorial index


  Next-to-leading order expressions related to Stewart-Lyth inverse problem are
used to determine the inflationary models with a tensorial power spectrum
described by a scale-invariant spectral index. Beyond power-law inflation,
solutions are characterized by scale dependent scalar indices. These models can
be used as assumption on the generation of primordial perturbations to test for
scale dependence of the scalar index at large angular scales. If such a
dependence is detected, a nonzero contribution of gravitational waves to the
CMB spectrum must be expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97223 </DOCNO>
A prime C*-algebra that is not primitive


  We construct a non-separable C*-algebra that is prime but not primitive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114443 </DOCNO>
EPICS Software Development for SNS VME-based Timing and RTDL System


  The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) timing and Real Time Data Link (RTDL)
systems are being designed and developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory
(BNL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and other SNS collaborating labs
[1]. The VME-based SNS timing system is comprised of a phase locked loop (PLL)
to generate a 120 Hz power line locked clock, a master timing system including
up to 4 16-event input modules (V101) and a timing system encoder module
(V123S), distribution system to all equipment locations, and a timing system
receiver module (V124S). The VME-based SNS RTDL system includes an encoder
module (V105), up to 10 8-inputs modules (V206) and an RTDL receiver module.
The EPICS [2] software support for the timing and RTDL master VME boards has
been developed at BNL while the software and hardware of the SNS utility module
are undertaken at LANL. The software is currently under the beta test at the
SNS collaborating labs. This paper describes the design and the implementation
of the software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77037 </DOCNO>
Resonances from a Hadronic Fireball


  Production of $\phi(1020), \Lambda^*(1520)$ and $\bar{K^*}(892)$ resonances
at the final stage of a heavy-ion collision is considered. It is shown that
original momentum distributions and abundance of resonances formed during the
process of heavy ion collision may differ significantly from their measured
spectra and yields. Reconstruction probability of resonances decaying inside
the fireball can be strongly suppressed because of interactions of their
hadronic decay products in the fireball medium. We investigate dependence of
the degree of the suppression on the fireball size, dynamics, and the resonance
decay width in medium. Quantitative results are presented for lead-lead
collisions at 158 GeV SPS beam energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150019 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation and Black Hole Entropy


  String propagation on a cone with deficit angle $2\pi(1-{1\over N})$ is
considered for the purpose of computing the entropy of a large mass black hole.
The entropy computed using the recent results on condensation of twisted-sector
tachyons in this theory is found to be in precise agreement with the
Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76975 </DOCNO>
Yukawa Deflected Gauge Mediation


  We consider models which are natural extensions of those where supersymmetry
is broken at low energy scales and transmitted to visible matter by gauge
interactions. We investigate the situation where the quark and lepton
superfields of the MSSM are localized to a brane in a higher dimensional space
while the messenger fields and the sector which breaks supersymmetry
dynamically are localized to another brane in the same space. The MSSM gauge
and Higgs fields are assumed to propagate in the bulk. If some of the messenger
fields and the Higgs fields have the same quantum numbers, this allows the
possibility of mixing between these fields so that the physical Higgs and
messenger fields are admixtures of the brane and bulk fields. This manifests
itself in direct couplings of the quark and lepton fields to the physical
messengers that are proportional to the MSSM Yukawa couplings and hence
preserve the flavor structure of the CKM matrix. The result is new
contributions to the soft supersymmetry breaking parameters that are related to
the Yukawa couplings and which therefore naturally satisfy the constraints from
FCNC's. For messenger scales greater then 1000 TeV these new contributions are
parametrically of the same order of magnitude as gauge mediation. This scenario
naturally avoids the cosmological problems associated with stable messengers
and admits a simple and natural solution to the $\mu$ problem based on the
NMSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148219 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Q-balls


  We obtain Q-ball solutions in noncommutative scalar field theory with a
global U(1) invariance. The Q-ball solutions are shown to be classically and
quantum mechanically stable. We also find that "excited Q-ball" states exist
for some class of scalar potentials, which are classically stable in the large
noncommutativity limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75165 </DOCNO>
A mirror world explanation for the Pioneer spacecraft anomalies?


  We show that the anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer 10/11 spacecraft can
be explained if there is some mirror gas or mirror dust in our solar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128468 </DOCNO>
Epilogue


  There are now several types of relativistic flows in astrophysical settings.
The foremost examples are jets and disks orbiting spinning black holes, pulsar
winds and gamma ray bursts. As discussed at this meeting, these flows exhibit
unusual kinematic and dynamical properties, that distinguish them from
non-relativistic flows. It is possible that all collimated outflows are
essentially hydromagnetic or electromagnetic. Future study of relativistic
flows will rely heavily on numerical experiments. Model relativistic flows
provide a basis for carrying out secondary studies of the underlying plasma
physics, particle acceleration, magnetic field amplification and the emission
and transfer of radiation, particularly at shock fronts. Some current
opportunities in observation, phenomenology and theory are briefly suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4027 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Levy decoherence


  We investigate the decoherence of a small quantum system weakly coupled to a
complex, chaotic environment when the dynamics is not Gaussian but Levy
anomalous. By studying the time dependence of the linear entropy and the
damping of the interference of two Gaussian wave packets in the Wigner
representation, we show that the decoherence time for a quantum Levy stable
process is always smaller than for Gaussian diffusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41510 </DOCNO>
Two-gluon coupling and collider phenomenology of color-octet technirho


  It has recently been suggested that gauge invariance forbids the coupling of
a massive color-octet vector meson to two gluons. While this is true for
operators in an effective Lagrangian of dimension four or less, we demonstrate
that dimension six interactions will lead to such couplings. In the case of
technicolor, the result is a technirho-gluon-gluon coupling comparable to the
naive vector meson dominance estimate, but with a substantial uncertainty. This
has implications for several recent studies of technicolor phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5406 </DOCNO>
Exact Multifractal Spectra for Arbitrary Laplacian Random Walks


  Iterated conformal mappings are used to obtain exact multifractal spectra of
the harmonic measure for arbitrary Laplacian random walks in two dimensions.
Separate spectra are found to describe scaling of the growth measure in time,
of the measure near the growth tip, and of the measure away from the growth
tip. The spectra away from the tip coincide with those of conformally invariant
equilibrium systems with arbitrary central charge $c\leq 1$, with $c$ related
to the particular walk chosen, while the scaling in time and near the tip
cannot be obtained from the equilibrium properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75226 </DOCNO>
The Solar pp and hep Processes in Effective Field Theory


  The strategy of modern effective field theory is exploited to pin down
accurately the flux $S$ factors for the $pp$ and $hep$ processes in the Sun.
The technique used is to combine the high accuracy established in few-nucleon
systems of the "standard nuclear physics approach" (SNPA) and the systematic
power counting of chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) into a consistent effective
field theory framework. Using highly accurate wave functions obtained in the
SNPA and working to \nlo3 in the chiral counting for the current, we make
totally parameter-free and error-controlled predictions for the $pp$ and $hep$
processes in the Sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76127 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis with four-fermion operators in low-scale models


  We describe a nonstandard proposal for baryogenesis in models with a low
(O(10-100)TeV) fundamental scale. The scenario has Standard Model field content
and enhanced baryon number violating operators deriving from time-dependent
fermion localization in an extra dimension. The CKM matrix provides sufficient
CP violation. The major constraints are the low reheating temperature and rate
of perturbative B-violating reactions compared to the total entropy created. A
sufficient baryon fraction may arise, but the cosmological evolution required
is likely to be somewhat contrived. Based on work in collaboration with D.J.H.
Chung.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1569 </DOCNO>
Thermal Fluctuations of Induced Fermion Number


  We analyze the phemomenon of induced fermion number at finite temperature. At
finite temperature, the induced fermion number $<N>$ is a thermal expectation
value, and we compute the finite temperature fluctuations, $(\Delta
N)^2=<N^2>-<N>^2$. While the zero temperature induced fermion number is
topological and is a sharp observable, the finite temperature induced fermion
number is generically nontopological, and is not a sharp observable. The
fluctuations are due to the mixing of states inherent in any finite temperature
expectation value. We analyze in detail two different cases in 1+1 dimensional
field theory: fermions in a kink background, and fermions in a chiral sigma
model background. At zero temperature the induced fermion numbers for these two
cases are very similar, but at finite temperature they are very different. The
sigma model case is generic and the induced fermion number is nontopological,
but the kink case is special and the fermion number is topological, even at
finite temperature. There is a simple physical interpretation of all these
results in terms of the spectrum of the fermions in the relevant background,
and many of the results generalize to higher dimensional models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74018 </DOCNO>
Casimir Energy and Radius Stabilization in Five and Six Dimensional


  We compute the one-loop Casimir energy of gravity and matter fields, obeying
various boundary conditions, in 5-dimensional S^1/Z_2 and 6-dimensional T^2/Z_k
orbifolds. We discuss the role of the Casimir energy in possible radius
stabilization mechanisms and show that the presence of massive as well as
massless fields can lead to minima with zero cosmological constant. In the 5-d
orbifold, we also consider the case where kinetic terms localized at the fixed
points are not small. We take into account their contribution to the Casimir
energy and show that localized kinetic terms can also provide a mechanism for
radius stabilization. We apply our results to a recently proposed 5-dimensional
supersymmetric model of electroweak symmetry breaking and show that the Casimir
energy with the minimal matter content is repulsive. Stabilizing the radius
with zero cosmological constant requires, in this context, adding positive bulk
cosmological constant and negative brane-tension counterterms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98422 </DOCNO>
Commutative rings of differential operators connected with


  In this paper we find the explicit formulas of two dimensional commuting
($2\times 2$)-matrix differential operators which were introduced by
Nakayashiki. The common eigen functions and eigen values of these operators are
parametrized by the points of principally polarized Abelian varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 739 </DOCNO>
Defect Statistics in the Two Dimensional Complex Ginsburg-Landau Model


  The statistical correlations between defects in the two dimensional complex
Ginsburg-Landau model are studied in the defect-coarsening regime. In
particular the defect-velocity probability distribution is determined and has
the same high velocity tail found for the purely dissipative time-dependent
Ginsburg-Landau (TDGL) model. The spiral arms of the defects lead to a very
different behavior for the order parameter correlation function in the scaling
regime compared to the results for the TDGL model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128433 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations towards HD 34078 Detection of highly excited H2 and HD


  We present FUSE observations of the extincted O9.5 star, HD 34078. The 19
first levels of H2 are detected (i.e. from J=0 to v=1, J=5) as well as HD in
its two first levels. The excitation of H2 up to J=7 can be explained using a
combination of Photon Dominated Region (PDR) and MHD shock models. However,
understanding the large amount of H2 found in higher excitation states seems to
require more energetic processes that have yet to be identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125868 </DOCNO>
Maximum-Entropy Reconstruction of the Distribution of Mass in Cluster


  Weak gravitational lensing studies of clusters of galaxies provide
complimentary information to that from X-ray data; the measured signal depends
only on the cluster's projected mass, independent of dynamical assumptions.
Here we apply a maximum-entropy method algorithm for reconstructing the
two-dimensional density distribution to two sets of shear data for the high
redshift cluster MS1054-03, courtesy of Clowe et al (2000) and Hoekstra et al
(2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126475 </DOCNO>
Recovering the Internal Dynamics and the Shapes of Galaxy Clusters:


  We describe a method for recovering of the substructure, internal dynamics
and geometrical shapes of clusters of galaxies. Applying the method to the
Virgo cluster, we, first, reveal the substructure of the central 4 arc degree
field of the Virgo cluster by means of S-tree technique. The existence of three
main subgroups of galaxies is revealed and their dynamical characteristics are
estimated. Then, using the previously suggested technique (Gurzadyan and Rauzy
1997), the bulk flow velocities of the subgroups are evaluated based on the
distribution of the redshifts of the galaxies. The results enable us also to
obtain a secure indication of the elongation of the Virgo cluster and its
positional inclination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129314 </DOCNO>
Dynamical evolution of clusters of galaxies: the effect of high-


  In the Cold Dark Matter (hereafter CDM) scenario even isolated density peaks
contain a high fraction of small scale clumps having velocities larger than the
average escape velocity from the structure. These clumps populate
protoclusters, especially in the peripheral regions, r > R_f (where R_f is the
filtering scale). During the cluster collapse and the subsequent secondary
infall, collapsing or infalling clumps (having v<v_esc) interact with the
quoted unbound clumps (or high speed clumps, as we also call them) having v >
v_esc. We study the interaction between these two kind of clumps by means of
the impulse approximation and we find that the collapse of bound clumps is
accelerated with respect to the homogeneous case (Gunn & Gott's model). The
acceleration of the collapse increases with decreasing height of the peak, \nu.
We finally compare the acceleration produced by this effect to the slowing down
effect produced by the gravitational interaction of the quadrupole moment of
the system with the tidal field of the matter of the neighboring proto-clusters
studied in Del Popolo & Gambera. We find that the magnitude of the slowing down
effect is larger than the acceleration produced by the effect studied in this
paper, only in the outskirts of the cluster. We want to stress that the one
which we study in this paper is also present in an isolated protocluster, being
produced by the interaction of the collapsing clumps with the unbound
substructure internal to the collapsing clumps itself while that studied in Del
Popolo & Gambera (1998) is produced by substructure external to the density
peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74357 </DOCNO>
Flat Directions in Left-Right Symmetric String Derived Models


  The only string models known to reproduce the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Model in the low energy effective field theory are those constructed in the
free fermionic formulation. We demonstrate the existence of quasi-realistic
free fermionic heterotic-string models in which supersymmetric singlet flat
directions do not exist. This raises the possibility that supersymmetry is
broken perturbatively in such models by the one-loop Fayet-Iliopoulos term. We
show, however, that supersymmetric flat directions that utilize VEVs of some
non-Abelian fields in the massless string spectrum do exist in the model. We
argue that hidden sector condensates lift the flat directions and break
supersymmetry hierarchically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126695 </DOCNO>
The nature of the progenitor of the Type II-P supernova 1999em


  We present high quality ground-based VRI images of the site of the Type II-P
SN1999em (in NGC1637) taken before explosion, which were extracted from the
CFHT archive. We determine a precise position of the SN on these images to an
accuracy of 0.17''. The host galaxy is close enough (7.5 +/- 0.5 Mpc) that the
bright supergiants are resolved as individual objects, however we show that
there is no detection of an object at the SN position before explosion that
could be interpreted as the progenitor star. By determining the sensitivity
limits of the VRI data, we derive bolometric luminosity limits for the
progenitor. Comparing these to standard stellar evolutionary tracks which trace
evolution up to the point of core carbon ignition, we initially derive an upper
mass limit of approximately 12M_sol. However we present evolutionary
calculations that follow 7-12M_sol stars throughout their C-burning lifetime
and show that we can restrict the mass of the progenitor even further. Our
calculations indicate that progenitors initially of 8-10M_sol, undergoing
expected mass loss, can also be excluded because a second dredge up sends them
to somewhat higher luminosities than a star of initially 12M_sol. These results
limit the progenitor's initial main-sequence mass to a very narrow range of 12
+/- 1 M_sol. We discuss the similarities between the Type II-P SNe 1999em and
1999gi and their progenitor mass limits, and suggest that SN Type II-P
originate only in intermediate mass stars of 8-12M_sol, which are in the red
supergiant region and that higher mass stars produce the other Type II
sub-types. (Abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168871 </DOCNO>
Spatial correlations in hexagons generated via a Kerr nonlinearity


  We consider the hexagonal pattern forming in the cross-section of an optical
beam produced by a Kerr cavity, and we study the quantum correlations
characterizing this structure. By using arguments related to the symmetry
broken by the pattern formation, we identify a complete scenario of six-mode
entanglement. Five independent phase quadratures combinations, connecting the
hexagonal modes, are shown to exhibit sub-shot-noise fluctuations. By means of
a non-linear quantum calculation technique, quantum correlations among the mode
photon numbers are demonstrated and calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169164 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and robustness of parity-dependent entanglement in the


  We study the entanglement between the 2D vibrational motion and two ground
state hyperfine levels of a trapped ion, Under particular conditions this
entanglement depends on the parity of the total initial vibrational quanta. We
study the robustness of this quantum coherence effect with respect to the
presence of non-dissipative sources of decoherence, and of an imperfect initial
state preparation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41670 </DOCNO>
A New Evaluation of Polarized Parton Densities in the Nucleon


  We present a new leading and next-to-leading QCD analysis of the world data
on inclusive polarized deep inelastic scattering. A new set of polarized parton
densities is extracted from the data and the sensitivity of the results to the
newly incorporated SLAC/E155 proton data is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5451 </DOCNO>
Strongly interacting $\sigma$-electrons and MgB$_2$ superconductivity


  MgB$(p^{n_{\sigma}}p^{n_{\pi}})_{2}$ is classified as a system with strongly
interacting $\sigma$-electrons and non-correlated $\pi$-electrons of boron
ions. The kinematic and Coulomb interaction V between the orbitally degenerated
$\sigma$-electrons provide the superconducting state with an anisotropic gap of
s*-wave symmetry. The critical temperature $T_c$ has a non-monotonic dependence
on the distance r between the centers of gravity of $\sigma$- and $\pi$-bands.
MgB$_2$ corresponds to r=0.085 eV and V=0.45 eV in our model with flat bands.
The derived superconducting density of electronic states is in good agreement
with available experimental and theoretical data. The possibilities for
increasing $T_c$ are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96728 </DOCNO>
Local Complexity of Delone Sets and Crystallinity


  This paper characterizes when a Delone set X is an ideal crystal in terms of
restrictions on the number of its local patches of a given size or on the
hetereogeneity of their distribution. Let N(T) count the number of
translation-inequivalent patches of radius T in X and let M(T) be the minimum
radius such that every closed ball of radius M(T) contains the center of a
patch of every one of these kinds. We show that for each of these functions
there is a `gap in the spectrum' of possible growth rates between being bounded
and having linear growth, and that having linear growth is equivalent to X
being an ideal crystal. Explicitly, for N(T), if R is the covering radius of X
then either N(T) is bounded or N(T) >= T/2R for all T>0. The constant 1/2R in
this bound is best possible in all dimensions. For M(T), either M(T) is bounded
or M(T) >= T/3 for all T>0. Examples show that the constant 1/3 in this bound
cannot be replaced by any number exceeding 1/2. We also show that every
aperiodic Delone set X has M(T) >= c(n)T for all T>0, for a certain constant
c(n) which depends on the dimension n of X and is greater than 1/3 when n > 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95543 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic hypersurfaces in P^n of Fermat-Waring type


  In this note we show that there are algebraic families of hyperbolic,
Fermat-Waring type hypersurfaces in P^n of degree 4(n-1)^2, for all dimensions
n>1. Moreover, there are hyperbolic Fermat-Waring hypersurfaces in P^n of
degree 4n^2-2n+1 possessing complete hyperbolic, hyperbolically embedded
complements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4910 </DOCNO>
Positronium-positronium interaction: Resonance, scattering length, and


  The low-energy scattering of ortho positronium (Ps) by ortho Ps has been
studied in a full quantum mechanical coupled-channel approach. In the singlet
channel (total spin $s_T=0$) we find S- and P-wave resonances at 3.35 eV (width
0.02 eV) and 5.05 eV (width 0.04 eV), respectively and a binding of 0.44 eV of
Ps$_2$. The scattering length for $s_T=0$ is 3.95 \AA and for
$s_T=2$ is 0.83 \AA . The small $s_T=2$ scattering length makes the
spin-polarized ortho Ps atoms an almost noninteracting ideal gas which may
undergo Bose-Einstein condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125996 </DOCNO>
Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars.V


  Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital velocity
variations are presented for the fifth set of ten close binary systems: V376
And, EL Aqr, EF Boo, DN Cam, FN Cam, V776 Cas, SX Crv, V351 Peg, EQ Tau, KZ
Vir. All systems are double-lined spectroscopic contact binaries (KZ Vir may be
a low inclination, close, non-contact binary), with seven (all except EL Aqr,
SX Crv and EQ Tau) being the recent photometric discoveries of the Hipparcos
satellite project. The most interesting object is SX Crv, a contact system with
an unprecedently low mass ratio, q=0.066+/-0.003, whose existence challenges
the current theory of tidal stability of contact systems. Several of the
studied systems are prime candidates for combined light and radial-velocity
synthesis solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113769 </DOCNO>
Gallium nanoparticles grow where light is


  The study of metallic nanoparticles has a long tradition in linear and
nonlinear optics [1], with current emphasis on the ultrafast dynamics, size,
shape and collective effects in their optical response [2-6]. Nanoparticles
also represent the ultimate confined geometry:high surface-to-volume ratios
lead to local field enhancements and a range of dramatic modifications of the
material's properties and phase diagram [7-9]. Confined gallium has become a
subject of special interest as the light-induced structural phase transition
recently observed in gallium films [10, 11] has allowed for the demonstration
of all-optical switching devices that operate at low laser power [12].
Spontaneous self-assembly has been the main approach to the preparation of
nanoparticles (for a review see 13). Here we report that light can dramatically
influence the nanoparticle self-assembly process: illumination of a substrate
exposed to a beam of gallium atoms results in the formation of nanoparticles
with a relatively narrow size distribution. Very low light intensities, below
the threshold for thermally-induced evaporation, exert considerable control
over nanoparticle formation through non-thermal atomic desorption induced by
electronic excitation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96780 </DOCNO>
Numerical investigations of singularity formation in non-linear wave


  This dissertation deals with singularity formation in spherically symmetric
solutions of the hyperbolic Yang Mills equations in (4+1) dimensions and in
spherically symmetric solutions of C P^1 wave maps in (2+1) dimensions. These
equations have known moduli spaces of time-independent (static) solutions.
Evolution occurs close to the moduli space of static solutions. The evolution
is modeled numerically using an iterative finite differencing scheme, and
modeling is done close to the adiabatic limit, i.e., with small velocities. The
stability of the numerical scheme is analyzed and growth is shown to be
bounded, yielding a convergence estimate for the numerical scheme. The
trajectory of the approach is characterized, as well as the shape of the
profile at any given time during the evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1546 </DOCNO>
Conductance Fluctuations of Open Quantum Dots under Microwave Radiation


  We develop a time dependent random matrix theory describing the influence of
a time-dependent perturbation on mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in open
quantum dots. The effect of external field is taken into account to all orders
of perturbation theory, and our results are applicable to both weak and strong
fields. We obtain temperature and magnetic field dependences of conductance
fluctuations. The amplitude of conductance fluctuations is determined by
electron temperature in the leads rather than by the width of electron
distribution function in the dot. The asymmetry of conductance with respect to
inversion of applied magnetic field is the main feature allowing to distinguish
the effect of direct suppression of quantum interference from the simple
heating if the frequency of external radiation is larger than the temperature
of the leads $\hbar\omega \gg T$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95904 </DOCNO>
Completeness of superintegrability in two-dimensional constant curvature


  We classify the Hamiltonians $H=p_x^2+p_y^2+V(x,y)$ of all classical
superintegrable systems in two dimensional complex Euclidean space with
second-order constants of the motion. We similarly classify the superintegrable
Hamiltonians $H=J_1^2+J_2^2+J_3^2+V(x,y,z)$ on the complex 2-sphere where
$x^2+y^2+z^2=1$. This is achieved in all generality using properties of the
complex Euclidean group and the complex orthogonal group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81412 </DOCNO>
Free fermionic propagators on a lattice


  A method used recently to obtain a formalism for classical fields with
non-local actions preserving chiral symmetry and uniqueness of fermion fields
yields a discrete version of Huygens' principle with free discrete propagators
that recover their continuum forms in certain limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1403 </DOCNO>
Phase-dependent Kondo Resonance in a Quantum Dot Connected to a


  Phase-sensitive transport through a quantum dot coupled to an Aharonov-Bohm
ring is analyzed. In this geometry the spectral density of states is directly
related to the conductance. It is shown that the Kondo resonance depends on the
phase and on the total number of electrons (modulo 4) in the mesoscopic ring.
The effect of the discrete level spacing in the ring and of the coupling to the
electrical leads is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168968 </DOCNO>
Relation between complementarity and nonlocality under decoherence


  Relations connecting violation of any Bell inequalities and the
complementarity between visibility and distinguishability in the
interferometric experiments with different sources of decoherence are
presented. A boundary of local-realistic explanation of the which-way
complementarity is discussed in dependence on the choice of independent or
collective tests of nonlocality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2033 </DOCNO>
Critical number of atoms for attractive Bose-Einstein condensates with


  We calculated, within the Gross-Pitaevskii formalism, the critical number of
atoms for Bose-Einstein condensates with two-body attractive interactions in
cylindrical traps with different frequency ratios. In particular, by using the
trap geometries considered by the JILA group [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4211
(2001)], we show that the theoretical maximum critical numbers are given
approximately by $N_c = 0.55 ({l_0}/{|a|})$. Our results also show that, by
exchanging the frequencies $\omega_z$ and $\omega_\rho$, the geometry with
$\omega_\rho < \omega_z$ favors the condensation of larger number of particles.
We also simulate the time evolution of the condensate when changing the ground
state from $a=0$ to $a<0$ using a 200ms ramp. A conjecture on higher order
nonlinear effects is also added in our analysis with an experimental proposal
to determine its signal and strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96283 </DOCNO>
Relative Framing of Transverse knots


  If the contact bundle $C$ on a 3-manifold $M$ is trivialized then every
transverse knot (i.e. a knot that is everywhere transverse to $C$) has the
natural framing given by the first vectors of the trivialization along the
knot. However there is no way of assigning a framing to transverse knots if $C$
is not trivializable.
  We show that for transverse knots in a big class of contact manifolds $(M,C)$
with a coorientable but nontrivializable contact structure there is a
well-defined relative framing. This means that after we choose a framing for a
transverse knot $K$, we get a natural mapping from transverse to framed isotopy
classes of knots for all transverse knots that are homotopic to $K$ as
transverse immersions of $S^1$. This class of contact manifolds $(M,C)$
includes all closed irreducible atoroidal $M$, all contact manifolds such that
$C$ is tight, and all $(M,C)$ such that the Euler class of $C$ is in the
torsion of $H^2(M)$.
  We also construct examples where the contact bundle is not trivializable and
the relative framing allows to distinguish transverse knots that are isotopic
as ordinary knots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150068 </DOCNO>
De Sitter Space from Warped Supergravity Solutions


  The solutions of 10 and 11 dimensional supergravity that are warped products
of de Sitter space with a non-compact `internal' space are investigated. A
convenient form of the metric is found and it is shown that in each case the
internal space is asymptotic to a cone over a product of spheres. A consistent
truncation gives gauged supergravities with non-compact gauge groups. The BPS
domain wall solutions of the non-compact gauged supergravities are lifted to
warped solutions in 10 or 11 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85775 </DOCNO>
Curvature and torsion of implicit hypersurfaces and the origin of charge


  A formal correspondence is established between the curvature theory of
generalized implicit hypersurfaces, electromagnetism as expressed in terms of
exterior differential systems, and thermodynamics. Starting with a generalized
implicit surface whose normal field is represented by an exterior differential
1-form, it is possible to deduce the curvature invariants of the implicit
surface and to construct a globally closed vector density in terms of the
Jacobian properties of the normal field. When the closed vector density is
assigned the role of an intrinsic charge current density, and the components of
the normal field are assigned the roles of the electromagnetic potentials, the
theory is formally equivalent to an exterior differential system that generates
the PDE's of both the Maxwell Faraday equations and the Maxwell Ampere
equations. The interaction energy density between the potentials and the
induced closed charge current density is exactly the similarity curvature
invariant of highest degree (N-1) for the implicit surface. Although developed
without direct contact with M-brane theory, these ideas of generalized implicit
surfaces should have application to the study of p-branes that can have
multiple components and envelopes. The theory suggests that gravitational
collapse of mass energy density should include terms that involve the
interaction between charge-current densities and electromagnetic potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125506 </DOCNO>
Lyman alpha emitters with red colors at z~=2.4


  We have carried out a search for Lyman alpha emission from galaxies at z~=2.4
over a field of 1200 sq. arcmin using the CFH12K camera at the CFHT and a
custom medium band filter. The search has uncovered 58 candidates,
corresponding to a completeness-corrected source density of ~0.07 sq.
arcmin^-2. Our sources have red colors (B-I~=1.8) which imply either that a
large fraction of the light is highly reddened and we are detecting Lyman alpha
through special lines of sight, or that these objects contain an underlying
older stellar population. While for each individual object we cannot
discriminate between these alternatives, we conclude that most of the objects
actually contain an older component because the star formation rates inferred
from the picture based on reddening, applied to all candidates, would imply an
exceedingly high star formation rate, i.e. more than two orders of magnitude
above the peak cosmic star formation rate (e.g. Lilly et al. 1996).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3825 </DOCNO>
The Dynamics of the Linear Random Farmer Model


  On the framework of the Linear Farmer's Model, we approach the indeterminacy
of agents' behaviour by associating with each agent an unconditional
probability for her to be active at each time step.
  We show that Pareto tailed returns can appear even if value investors are the
only strategies on the market and give a procedure for the determination of the
tail exponent.
  Numerical results indicate that the returns' distribution is heavy tailed and
volatility is clustered if trading occurs at the zero Lyapunov (critical)
point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3965 </DOCNO>
Solution of a one-dimensional stochastic model with branching and


  We solve an one-dimensional stochastic model of interacting particles on a
chain. Particles can have branching and coagulation reactions, they can also
appear on an empty site and disappear spontaneously.
  This model which can be viewed as an epidemic model and/or as a
generalization of the {\it voter} model, is treated analytically beyond the
{\it conventional} solvable situations. With help of a suitably chosen {\it
string function}, which is simply related to the density and the
non-instantaneous two-point correlation functions of the particles, exact
expressions of the density and of the non-instantaneous two-point correlation
functions, as well as the relaxation spectrum are obtained on a finite and
periodic lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85986 </DOCNO>
On closed rotating worlds


  A new solution for the stationary closed world with rigid rotation is
obtained for the spinning fluid source. It is found that the spin and vorticity
are locally balanced. This model qualitatively shows that the local rotation of
the cosmological matter can be indeed related to the global cosmic vorticity,
provided the total angular momentum of the closed world is vanishing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150311 </DOCNO>
Topological aspects of Abelian gauge theory in superfield formulation


  We discuss some aspects of the topological features of a non-interacting two
$(1+1)$-dimensional Abelian gauge theory in the framework of superfield
formalism. This theory is described by a BRST invariant Lagrangian density in
the Feynman gauge. We express the local and continuous symmetries, Lagrangian
density, topological invariants and symmetric energy momentum tensor of this
theory in the language of superfields by exploiting the nilpotent (anti-)BRST-
and (anti-)co-BRST symmetries. In particular, the Lagrangian density and
symmetric energy momentum tensor of this topological theory turn out to be the
sum of terms that geometrically correspond to the translations of some local
superfields along the Grassmannian directions of the four (2+2)-dimensional
supermanifold. In this interpretation, the (anti-)BRST- and (anti-)co-BRST
symmetries, that emerge after the imposition of the (analogue of) horizontality
condition(s), play a very important role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168994 </DOCNO>
Atom Interferometers: Beyond Complementarity Principles


  Complementarity lies at the heart of conceptual foundation of orthodox
quantum mechanics. The wave-particle duality makes it impossible to tell which
slit each particle passes through and still observe an interference pattern in
a Young's double-slit experiment. In this paper, this duality is appraised
under the standard formulation of quantum mechanics for atom interferometers.
It is found that the internal freedoms like electronic states of an atom can be
used to detect the which-path information of each atom while uphold the
interference pattern of atoms when the center-of-mass motion of atoms is
detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6843 </DOCNO>
An application of the catastrophe theory to building the model of


  The three-dimensional elastic-plastic deformation is considered. The
catastrophe theory underlies the construction of this process model. It was
shown that the variety of stable states consists on elastic states and can be
depicted as a lattice on plane in coordinates shearing stress intensity and
shearing strain intensity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86036 </DOCNO>
A Classical Interpretation of Maxwell's Equations in Curved Spacetime


  We present an integral formulation of observer-dependent Maxwell's equations
in curved spacetime and give a classical interpretation of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97574 </DOCNO>
Completeness of photon-added squeezed vacuum and one-photon-states and


  A discrete completeness relation and a continuous one with a positive measure
are found for the photon-added squeezed vacuum states. Extension to the
photon-added squeezed one-photon states is considered. Photon-added coherent
states on a circle are introduced. Their normalization and unity resolution
relation are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168051 </DOCNO>
Proof of unconditional security of six-state quantum key distribution


  We prove the unconditional security of the standard six-state scheme for
quantum key distribution (QKD). We demonstrate its unconditional security up to
a bit error rate of 12.7 percents, by allowing only one-way classical
communications in the error correction/privacy amplification procedure between
Alice and Bob. This shows a clear advantage of the six-state scheme over
another standard scheme---BB84, which has been proven to be secure up to only
about 11 percents, if only one-way classical communications are allowed. Our
proof technique is a generalization of that of Shor-Preskill's proof of
security of BB84. We show that a advantage of the six-state scheme lies in the
Alice and Bob's ability to establish rigorously from their test sample the
non-trivial mutual information between the bit-flip and phase error patterns. A
modified version of the degenerate quantum codes studied by DiVincenzo, Shor
and Smolin is employed in our proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41715 </DOCNO>
Study of the W+W-gamma Process and Limits on Anomalous Quartic Gauge


  The process e+e- -> W+ W- gamma is studied using the data collected by the L3
detector at LEP. New results, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
427.4 pb-1 at centre-of-mass energies from 192 GeV to 207 GeV, are presented.
  The W+W- gamma cross sections are measured to be in agreement with Standard
Model expectations. No hints of anomalous quartic gauge boson couplings are
observed. Limits at 95% confidence level are derived using also the process
e+e- --> nu nubar gamma gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148492 </DOCNO>
New remarks on the linear constraint self-dual boson and Wess-Zumino


  In this work we prove in a precise way that the soldering formalism can be
applied to the Srivastava chiral boson (SCB), in contradiction with some
results appearing in the literature. We have promoted a canonical
transformation that shows directly that the SCB is composed of two
Floreanini-Jackiw's particles with the same chirality which spectrum is a
vacuum-like one. As another conflictive result we have proved that a
Wess-Zumino term used in the literature consists of the scalar field, once
again denying the assertion that the WZ term adds a new degree of freedom to
the SCB theory in order to modify the physics of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148750 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric non-abelian Born-Infeld revisited


  We determine the non-abelian Born-Infeld action, including fermions, as it
results from the four-point tree-level open superstring scattering amplitudes
at order alpha'^2. We find that, after an appropriate field redefinition all
terms at this order can be written as a symmetrised trace. We confront this
action with the results that follow from kappa-symmetry and conclude that the
recently proposed non-abelian kappa-symmetry cannot be extended to cubic orders
in the Born-Infeld curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123382 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Gravitationally Lensed System 2016+112


  An observation of the gravitationally lensed system 2016+112 with the Chandra
X-ray Observatory has resolved a mystery regarding the proposed presence of a
dark matter object in the lens plane of this system. The Chandra ACIS
observation has clearly detected the lensed images of 2016+112 with positions
in good agreement with those reported in the optical and also detects 13
additional X-ray sources within a radius of 3.5 arcmin. Previous X-ray
observations in the direction of 2016+112 with the ROSAT HRI and ASCA SIS have
interpreted the X-ray data as arising from extended emission from a dark
cluster. However, the present Chandra observation can account for all the X-ray
emission as originating from the lensed images and additional point X-ray
sources in the field. Thus cluster parameters based on previous X-ray
observations are unreliable. We estimate an upper limit on the mass-to-light
ratio within a radius of 800 h_(50)^(-1) kpc of M/L_(V) < 190 h_(50)
(M/L_(V))_Sun. The lensed object is quite unusual, with reported narrow
emission lines in the optical that suggest it may be a type-2 quasar (Yamada
et. al. 1999). Our modeling of the X-ray spectrum of the lensed object implies
that the column density of an intrinsic absorber must lie between 3 and 85 x
10^22 cm^-2 (3 sigma confidence level). The 2-10 keV luminosity of the lensed
object, corrected for the lens magnification effect and using the above range
of intrinsic absorption, is 3 x 10^43 - 1.4 x 10^44 erg/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6501 </DOCNO>
On Gauge Invariance of Noncommutative Chern-Simons Theories


  Motivated by possible applications to condensed matter systems, in this paper
we construct U(N) noncommutative Chern-Simons (NCCS) action for a disc and for
a double-layer geometry, respectively. In both cases, gauge invariance severely
constrains the form of the NCCS action. In the first case, it is necessary to
introduce a group-valued boson field with a non-local chiral boundary action,
whose gauge variation cancels that of the bulk action. In the second case, the
coefficient matrix $K$ in the double U(N) NCCS action is restricted to be of
the form with all the matrix elements being the same integer $k$. We suggest
that this double NCCS theory with U(1) gauge group describes the so-called
Halperin $(kkk)$ state in a double-layer quantum Hall system. Possible physical
consequences are addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114332 </DOCNO>
Distributed Power Supply Control and Monitoring System


  An extensible power supply control and monitoring system has been developed
at Fermilab's Technical Division as a result of requirements to control and
monior power supplies of various types from within many different applications.
This system, deployed as a network service, provides uniform programming and
user interfaces for various types of power supplies, ranging from 20A to 30kA.
It allows for a concurrent multi-user access, with at most one application
granted controlling capabilities at a time. Users can control and monitor the
state of a power supply as well as monitor generated current by: a) sending
separate requests to the service via provided C/C+ and Java APIs, b) uploading
current control programs written in a specialized ramp profile description
language to be interpreted by the system, c) scripting using a provided set of
programs, and d) using supplied GUIs. In addition, special programs are
available to monitor and log all control requests being sent to the service and
to provide traces of current. Also, a graphical simulator is provided to
facilitate testing of ramp profiles developed by the user.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127344 </DOCNO>
A first look at cataclysmic variable stars from the 2dF QSO survey


  The 2dF QSO survey is a spectroscopic survey of 48,000 point-sources selected
by colour with magnitudes in the range 18.35 < B < 20.95. Amongst QSOs, white
dwarfs, narrow-line galaxies and other objects are some cataclysmic variables
(CVs). This survey should be sensitive to intrinsically faint CVs. In the
standard picture of CV evolution, these form the majority of the CV population.
We present the spectra of 6 CVs from this survey. Four have the spectra of
dwarf novae and two are magnetic CVs. We present evidence that suggests that
the dwarf novae have period P < 2 h and are indeed intrinsically less luminous
than average. However, it is not clear yet whether these systems are present in
the large numbers predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4871 </DOCNO>
Josephson effect and tunneling spectroscopy in Nb/Al2O3/Al/MgB2 thin


  We report the demonstration of dc and ac Josephson effects as well as
tunneling spectroscopy measurements on Nb/Al2O3/Al/MgB2 thin films
heterostructures. Data on dc Josephson effect suggest the presence of two
characteristic critical currents possibly accounted for the presence of two
gaps in the MgB2 film. Tunneling spectroscopy measurements confirm this two-gap
scenario and are explained with the presence of tunneling from both dirty limit
and clean limit regions, reflecting two different order parameter amplitudes.
The behavior of these two gaps is found in good agreement with the predictions
of a recently proposed multigap theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95579 </DOCNO>
Simplicial structures on model categories and functors


  We produce a highly structured way of associating a simplicial category to a
model category which improves on work of Dwyer and Kan and answers a question
of Hovey. We show that model categories satisfying a certain axiom are Quillen
equivalent to simplicial model categories. A simplicial model category provides
higher order structure such as composable mapping spaces and homotopy colimits.
We also show that certain homotopy invariant functors can be replaced by weakly
equivalent simplicial, or `continuous', functors. This is used to show that if
a simplicial model category structure exists on a model category then it is
unique up to simplicial Quillen equivalence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97249 </DOCNO>
Space-Charge Dominated Beam Transport via Multiresolution


  We consider space-charge dominated beam transport systems, where space-charge
forces are the same order as external focusing forces and dynamics of the
corresponding emittance growth. We consider the coherent modes of oscillations
and coherent instabilities both in the different nonlinear envelope models and
in initial collective dynamics picture described by Vlasov system. Our
calculations are based on variation approach and multiresolution in the base of
high-localized generalized coherent states/wavelets. We control contributions
to dynamical processes from underlying multiscales via nonlinear high-localized
eigenmodes expansions in the base of compactly supported wavelet and wavelet
packets bases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98466 </DOCNO>
Mathematical Structures Defined by Identities


  We propound the thesis that there is a limitation to the number of possible
structures which are axiomatically endowed with identities involving
operations. In the case of algebras with a binary operation satisfying a
formally reducible (to be explained) identity between two n-iterates of the
operation, it is established that the frequency of such algebras goes to zero
as n tends to infinity. This is proved by a suitable ordering and labeling of
the expressions (words) of the corresponding free algebra and the formation of
a series of tableaux whose entries are the labels. The tableaux reveal
surprising symmetry properties, stated in terms of the Catalan numbers and
their partitions. As a result of the defining identity and the tableaux all
iterates of order higher than n fall into equivalence classes of semantically
equal ones. Classnumbers depending on the tableaux are calculated for all
algebras of order n = 3 (and partially for n = 4). Certain classnumbers are
invariants in the sense that for algebras of same order they are equal.
Algebras with several operations of any arity are considered. A generalization
of Catalan numbers depending on homorphisms of the structure is proposed and
corresponding generating functions set up. As an example of this, a kind of
skein polynomials are constructed characterizing the formal build-up of
iterates. As no distinction is made between the various algebras, isomorphic or
not, which are models of the identity the results can also be formulated in
terms of varieties with signature the identity in question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73143 </DOCNO>
Scale-Independent Calculation of $\sin^2 \theta_{eff}^{lept}$


  We present a calculation of the electroweak mixing parameter $\sin^2
\theta_{eff}^{lept}$ that incorporates known higher order effects, shares the
desirable convergence properties of the $\bar{MS}$ scheme, and has the
important theoretical advantage of being strictly independent of the
electroweak scale in finite orders of perturbation theory . We also show how
this formulation can be extended to the calculation of the W mass $M_W$. The
results provide accurate, scale-independent evaluations of these important
parameters, as functions of the Higgs boson mass $M_H$, and are compared with
previous calculations in order to analyze the scheme and scale dependence of
the electroweak corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4201 </DOCNO>
Adsorption of a fluid in an aerogel: integral equation approach


  We present a theoretical study of the phase diagram and the structure of a
fluid adsorbed in high-porosity aerogels by means of an integral-equation
approach combined with the replica formalism. To simulate a realistic gel
environment, we use an aerogel structure factor obtained from an off-lattice
diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation process. The predictions of the
theory are in qualitative agreement with the experimental results, showing a
substantial narrowing of the gas-liquid coexistence curve (compared to that of
the bulk fluid), associated with weak changes in the critical density and
temperature. The influence of the aerogel structure (nontrivial short-range
correlations due to connectedness, long-range fractal behavior of the silica
strands) is shown to be important at low fluid densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179524 </DOCNO>
Fully Self-consistent RPA description of the many level pairing model


  The Self-Consistent RPA (SCRPA) equations in the particle-particle channel
are solved without any approximation for the picket fence model. The results
are in excellent agreement with the exact solutions found with the Richardson
method. Particularly interesting features are that screening corrections
reverse the sign of the interaction and that SCRPA yields the exact energies in
the case of two levels with two particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124599 </DOCNO>
Semi-analytic galaxy formation: understanding the high redshift universe


  There is now compelling evidence in favour of the hierarchical structure
formation paradigm. Semi-analytic modelling is a powerful tool which allows the
formation and evolution of galaxies to be followed in a hierarchical framework.
We review some of the latest developments in this area before discussing how
such models can help us to interpret observations of the high redshift
Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96907 </DOCNO>
Filtration Law for Polymer Flow through porous media


  In this paper we study the filtration laws for the polymeric flow in a porous
medium. We use the quasi-Newtonian models with share dependent viscosity
obeying the power-law and the Carreau's law. Using the method of homogenization
the coupled micro-macro homogenized law, governing the quasi-newtonian flow in
a periodic model of a porous medium, was found. We decouple that law separating
the micro from the macro scale. We write the macroscopic filtration law in the
form of non-linear
 Darcy's law and we prove that the obtained law is well posed. We give the
analytical as well as the numerical study of our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179248 </DOCNO>
A New Slant on Hadron Structure


  Rather than regarding the restriction of current lattice QCD simulations to
quark masses that are 5--10 times larger than those observed, we note that this
presents a wonderful opportunity to deepen our understanding of QCD. Just as it
has been possible to learn a great deal about QCD by treating $N_c$ as a
variable, so the study of hadron properties as a function of quark mass is
leading us to a much deeper appreciation of hadron structure. As examples we
cite recent progress in using the chiral properties of QCD to connect hadron
masses, magnetic moments, charge radii and structure functions calculated at
large quark masses within lattice QCD with the values observed physically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4539 </DOCNO>
Comparison of mean-field theories for vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein


  We compute structures of vortex configurations in a harmonically trapped
Bose-Einstein condensed atom gas within three different gapless self-consistent
mean-field theories. Outside the vortex core region, the density profiles for
the condensate and the thermal gas are found to differ only by a few percent
between the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov-Popov theory and two of its recently
proposed gapless extensions. In the core region, however, the differences in
the density profiles are substantial. The structural differences are reflected
in the energies of the quasiparticle states localized near the vortex core.
Especially, the predictions for the energy of the lowest quasiparticle
excitation differ considerably between the theoretical models investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148805 </DOCNO>
Duality Symmetry in Momentum Frame


  Siegel's action is generalized to the D=2(p+1) (p even) dimensional
space-time. The investigation of self-duality of chiral p-forms is extended to
the momentum frame, using Siegel's action of chiral bosons in two space-time
dimensions and its generalization in higher dimensions as examples. The whole
procedure of investigation is realized in the momentum space which relates to
the configuration space through the Fourier transformation of fields. These
actions correspond to non-local Lagrangians in the momentum frame. The
self-duality of them with respect to dualization of chiral fields is uncovered.
The relationship between two self-dual tensors in momentum space, whose similar
form appears in configuration space, plays an important role in the
calculation, that is, its application realizes solving algebraically an
integral equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149699 </DOCNO>
Bootstrap Methods in 1+1-Dimensional Quantum Field Theories: The


  The bootstrap program for 1+1-dimensional integrable Quantum Field Theories
(QFT's) is developed to a large extent for the Homogeneous sine-Gordon (HSG)
models. This program can be divided into various steps, which include the
computation of the exact S-matrix, Form Factors of local operators and
correlation functions, as well as the identification of the operator content of
the QFT and the development of various consistency checks. Taking as an input
the S-matrix proposal for the HSG-models, we confirm its consistency by
carrying out both a Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz (TBA) and a Form Factor
analysis. In contrast to many other 1+1-dimensional integrable models studied
in the literature, the HSG-models break parity, both at the level of the
Lagrangian and S-matrix, and their spectrum includes unstable particles. These
features have specific consequences in our analysis which are given a physical
interpretation. By exploiting the Form Factor approach, we develop further the
QFT advocated to the HSG-models. We evaluate correlation functions of various
local operators of the model as well as Zamolodchikov's c-function and
$\Delta$-sum rules. For the $SU(3)_2$-HSG model we show how the form factors of
different local operators are interrelated by means of the momentum space
cluster property. We find closed formulae for all $n$-particle form factors of
a large class of operators of the $SU(N)_2$-HSG models. These formulae are
expressed in terms of universal building blocks which allow both a determinant
and an integral representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179123 </DOCNO>
Polarization observables in the reaction $p n \to d \phi$


  The reaction $p n \to d \phi$ is studied within a covariant boson exchange
model. The behavior of polarization observables being accessible in forthcoming
experiments near threshold is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76598 </DOCNO>
Fundamental time-asymmetry from nontrivial space topology


  It is argued that a fundamental time-asymmetry (arrow-of-time) could arise
from the global structure of the space manifold. The proposed mechanism relies
on the CPT anomaly of chiral gauge theory defined over a nonsimply connected
space manifold. The resulting time-asymmetry is illustrated by a simple thought
experiment. This effect could, in principle, play a role in determining the
initial conditions of the big bang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150297 </DOCNO>
Some Comments on N=1 Gauge Theories from Wrapped Branes


  We discuss various aspects of gauge theories realized on the world-volume of
wrapped branes. In particular we analyze the coupling of SYM operators to
space-time fields both in N=1 and N=2 models and give a description of the
gluino condensate in the Maldacena-Nunez N=1 solution. We also explore the
seven dimensional BPS equations relevant for these solutions and their
generalizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98419 </DOCNO>
Cycles in hyperbolic manifolds of non-compact type and Fourier


  Throughout the 1980's, Kudla and the second named author studied integral
transforms from rapidly decreasing closed differential forms on arithmetic
quotients of the symmetric spaces of orthogonal and unitary groups to spaces of
classical Siegel and Hermitian modular forms. These transforms came from the
theory of dual reductive pairs and the theta correspondence. They computed the
Fourier expansion of these transforms in terms of periods over certain totally
geodesic cycles . This also gave rise to the realization of intersection
numbers of these `special' cycles with cycles with compact support as Fourier
coefficients of modular forms. The purpose of this paper is to initiate a
systematic study of this transform for non rapidly decreasing differential
forms by considering the case for the finite volume quotients of hyperbolic
space coming from unit groups of isotropic quadratic forms over the rationals.
We expect that many of the techniques and features of this case will carry over
to the more general situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149034 </DOCNO>
Strong Coupling Limit of Open String: Born-Infeld Analysis


  We consider a large coupling limit of a Born-Infeld action in a curved
background of an arbitrary metric and a constant two form field. Following
hep-th/0009061, we go to the Hamiltonian description. The Hamiltonian can be
dualized and the dual action admits a string-like configuration as its
solution. We interpret it as a closed string configuration. The procedure can
be viewed as a novel way of bringing out the appropriate degrees of freedom, a
closed string, for a open string under the strong coupling limit. We argue that
this interpretation implies a large number of dual pairs of gauge and gravity
theories whose particular examples are AdS/CFT and matrix theory conjectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113974 </DOCNO>
Laser induced collisions between Lithium isotopes


  The near resonant cooling mechanism have offered for the experiment with
laser induced excitation of Lithium isotopes and its ionization by collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76971 </DOCNO>
Charged fermion masses with Yukawa coupling strength universality


  We consider the problem of the ordinary charged fermion mass patterns in the
framework of a version of the 3-3-1 electroweak gauge model, which includes
charged heavy leptons. The masses of the top and the bottom quarks are given at
the tree level. All the other charged fermions get their masses at the one loop
level. The Yukawa coupling strength can be universal. The model is compatible
with a mechanism for neutrino mass generation proposed by other authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95782 </DOCNO>
Discrepancy convergence for the drunkard's walk on the sphere


  We analyze the drunkard's walk on the unit sphere with step size theta and
show that the walk converges in order constant/sin^2(theta) steps in the
discrepancy metric. This is an application of techniques we develop for
bounding the discrepancy of random walks on Gelfand pairs generated by
bi-invariant measures. In such cases, Fourier analysis on the acting group
admits tractable computations involving spherical functions. We advocate the
use of discrepancy as a metric on probabilities for state spaces with isometric
group actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81030 </DOCNO>
Large pion pole in Z_{S}^{MOM}/Z_{P}^{MOM} from Wilson action data


  We show that, contrarily to recent claims, data from the Wilson (unimproved)
fermionic action at three different beta values demonstrate the presence of a
large Goldstone boson contribution in the quark pseudoscalar vertex,
quantitatively close to our previous estimate based on the SW action with
c_{SW}=1.769. We show that discretisation errors on Z_{S}^{MOM}/Z_{P}^{MOM}
seem to be much smaller than the Goldstone pole contribution over a very large
range of momenta. The subtraction of this non perturbative contribution leads
to numbers close to one-loop BPT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149205 </DOCNO>
Absence of the Holographic Principle in Noncommutative Chern-Simons


  We examine noncommutative Chern-Simons theory on a bounded spatial domain. We
argue that upon `turning on' the noncommutativity, the edge observables, which
characterized the commutative theory, move into the bulk. We show this to
lowest order in the noncommutativity parameter appearing in the Moyal star
product.
  If one includes all orders, the Hamiltonian formulation of the gauge theory
ceases to exist, indicating that the Moyal star product must be modified in the
presence of a boundary. Alternative descriptions are matrix models. We examine
one such model, obtained by a simple truncation of Chern-Simons theory on the
noncommutative plane, and express its observables in terms of Wilson lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86735 </DOCNO>
Computational Cosmology: from the Early Universe to the Large Scale


  In order to account for the observable Universe, any comprehensive theory or
model of cosmology must draw from many disciplines of physics, including gauge
theories of strong and weak interactions, the hydrodynamics and microphysics of
baryonic matter, electromagnetic fields, and spacetime curvature, for example.
Although it is difficult to incorporate all these physical elements into a
single complete model of our Universe, advances in computing methods and
technologies have contributed significantly towards our understanding of
cosmological models, the Universe, and astrophysical processes within them. A
sample of numerical calculations (and numerical methods) applied to specific
issues in cosmology are reviewed in this article: from the Big Bang singularity
dynamics to the fundamental interactions of gravitational waves; from the
quark-hadron phase transition to the large scale structure of the Universe. The
emphasis, although not exclusively, is on those calculations designed to test
different models of cosmology against the observed Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74090 </DOCNO>
Quantum collisions of finite-size ultrarelativistic nuclei


  We show that the boost variable, the conjugate to the coordinate rapidity,
which is associated with the center-of-mass motion, encodes the information
about the finite size of colliding nuclei in a Lorentz-invariant way. The
quasi-elastic forward color-changing scattering between the quantum boost
states rapidly grows with the total energy of the collision and leads to an
active breakdown of the color coherence at the earliest moments of the
collision. The possible physical implications of this result are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97471 </DOCNO>
Spectral bounds for the Hellmann potential


  The method of potential envelopes is used to analyse the bound state spectrum
of the Schroedinger Hamiltonian H=-\Delta+V(r), where the Hellmann potential is
given by V(r) = -A/r + Be^{-Cr}/r, A and C are positive, and B can be positive
or negative. We established simple formulas yielding upper and lower bounds for
all the energy eigenvalues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128635 </DOCNO>
Understanding the nature of the optically faint radio sources and their


  We present a sample of 43 submillimeter sources detected (at >3 sigma), drawn
from our program to follow-up optically faint radio sources with SCUBA. These
sources already have associated radio and in many cases optical
identifications, and many are also detected at 450 microns. We compare these
with 12 submillimeter sources drawn from the literature, which were discovered
in blank field mapping campaigns, but also have radio detections. We then use
this total sample (55 sources) to study and model the evolution of dusty
galaxies. A correlation is observed in the sub-mm/radio color-magnitude
diagram, which can be modeled by strong luminosity evolution. The selection
effects of the radio/optical pre-selection technique are determined from the
models, and a corrected redshift distribution is constrained using a range of
model assumptions. The temperature/redshift effects on the 450 microns detected
subset of our sample are studied in relation to the models, and prospects for
improved measurements in the shorter sub-mm wavelength windows (450 microns and
350 microns) are explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41397 </DOCNO>
Searches for Extra Dimensions at LEP


  Extra spatial dimensions are proposed by recent theories that postulate the
fundamental gravitational scale to be of the same order as the electroweak
scale. Different final states and search strategies are used by LEP
collaborations to search for the signs of extra spatial dimensions.
  A brief review of the search strategies and results from all four LEP
experiments, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL, is given here. No hints for the
existence of extra dimensions are found and limits on the fundamental
gravitational scale are derived. The presented results are based on the data
collected at LEP in 1998-2000 at centre-of-mass energies from 189 GeV up to 208
GeV. All results reported here are still preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2385 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy of superconducting MgB2 as seen in electron spin resonance


  We have observed the conduction electron spin resonance (CESR) in fine
powders of MgB2 both in the superconducting and normal states. The Pauli
susceptibility is chi_s=2.0*10^{-5} emu/mole in the temperature range of 450 to
600 K. The spin relaxation rate has an anomalous temperature dependence. The
CESR measured below T_c at several frequencies suggests that MgB_2 is a
strongly anisotropic superconductor with the upper critical field, H_c2,
ranging between 2 and 16 T. The high-field reversible magnetization data of a
randomly oriented powder sample are well described assuming that MgB_2 is an
anisotropic superconductor with H_c2^{ab} / H_{c2}^{c} \approx 6--9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4303 </DOCNO>
Elementary Derivative Tasks and Neural Net Multiscale Analysis of Tasks


  Neural nets are known to be universal approximators. In particular, formal
neurons implementing wavelets have been shown to build nets able to approximate
any multidimensional task. Such very specialized formal neurons may be,
however, difficult to obtain biologically and/or industrially. In this paper we
relax the constraint of a strict ``Fourier analysis'' of tasks. Rather, we use
a finite number of more realistic formal neurons implementing elementary tasks
such as ``window'' or ``Mexican hat'' responses, with adjustable widths. This
is shown to provide a reasonably efficient, practical and robust,
multifrequency analysis. A training algorithm, optimizing the task with respect
to the widths of the responses, reveals two distinct training modes. The first
mode induces some of the formal neurons to become identical, hence promotes
``derivative tasks''. The other mode keeps the formal neurons distinct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5302 </DOCNO>
Risk aversion in trade transactions


  Most people are risk-averse (risk-seeking) when they expect a gain (loss).
Based on a generalization of ``expected utility theory'' which takes this into
account, we introduce an automaton mimicking the transactions among operators
of a trade market. Each operator is characterized by a parameter q which gauges
people's attitude under risky choices. Different long term patterns of wealth
distribution are observed according to the distribution of parameter q (chosen
once for ever for each operator) and the rules (e.g., the probabilities
involved in the gamble and the indebtedness restrictions) governing the values
that are exchanged in the transactions. Analytical and numerical results are
discussed in terms of how the sensitivity to risk affects the dynamics of money
transfers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169319 </DOCNO>
Low rank separable states are a set of measure zero within the set of


  It is shown that the set of rank r separable states is measure zero within
the set of low rank states provided r is less than an upper bound which depends
upon the number of particles and the dimensions of the spaces they are modelled
on. The upper bound is given. In the bipartite case in which both particles are
modelled on m-dimensional hilbert space it is (m-1)^2. In the case of p qubits
it is (2^p)-p. This paper is a corretion of one I recently posted and
subsequently withdrew. That paper claimed the set of rank r separable states is
measure zero if r is non-maximal rank. That may be true, but the proof in the
withdrawn paper was false.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87311 </DOCNO>
Brane gravity, higher derivative terms and non-locality


  In brane world scenarios with a bulk scalar field between two branes it is
known that 4-dimensional Einstein gravity is restored at low energies on either
brane. By using a gauge-invariant gravitational and scalar perturbation
formalism we extend the theory of weak gravity in the brane world scenarios to
higher energies, or shorter distances. We argue that weak gravity on either
brane is indistinguishable from 4-dimensional higher derivative gravity,
provided that the inter-brane distance (radion) is stabilized, that the
background bulk scalar field is changing near the branes and that the
background bulk geometry near the branes is warped. This argument holds for a
general conformal transformation to a frame in which matter on the branes is
minimally coupled to the metric. In particular, Newton's constant and the
coefficients of curvature-squared terms in the 4-dimensional effective action
are determined up to an ambiguity of adding a Gauss-Bonnet topological term. In
other words, we provide the brane-world realization of the so called
$R^2$-model without utilizing a quantum theory. We discuss the appearance of
composite spin-2 and spin-0 fields in addition to the graviton on the brane and
point out a possibility that the spin-0 field may play the role of an effective
inflaton to drive brane-world inflation. Finally, we conjecture that the
sequence of higher derivative terms is an infinite series and, thus, indicates
non-locality in the brane world scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125000 </DOCNO>
Diverse Supernova Sources for the r-Process and Abundances in Metal-Poor


  The dispersion and mean trends of r-process abundances in metal-poor stars
are discussed based on a model of diverse supernova sources for the r-process.
This model is unique in that its key parameters are inferred from solar system
data independent of stellar observations at low metallicities. It is shown that
this model provides a good explanation for the observed dispersion and mean
trend of Eu abundances over -3 < [Fe/H] < -1. It is also shown that this model
provides a means to discuss r-abundances in general. For example, the Ag
abundance in any metal-poor star with observed Eu and Fe abundances can be
calculated from the model. This approach is demonstrated with success for two
stars and can be further tested by future Ag data. The dispersion and mean
trend of Ag abundances in metal-poor stars are also calculated for comparison
with future observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126628 </DOCNO>
Some Consequences of the Law of Local Energy Conservation in the


  At gravitational interactions of bodies and particles there appears the
defect of masses, i.e. the energy yields since the bodies (or particles) are
attracted. It is shown that this changing of the effective mass of the body (or
the particle) in the external gravitational field leads to changes the
measurement units: velocity and length (relative to the standard measurement
units). The expression describing the advance of the perihelion of the planet
(the Mercury) has been obtained. This expression is mathematically identical to
Einstein's equation for the advance of the perihelion of the Mercury.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98613 </DOCNO>
On purely log terminal blow-ups


  In this paper we prove the existence of purely log terminal blow-up for
Kawamata log terminal singularity and obtain the criterion for a singularity to
be weakly exceptional in terms of the exceptional divisor of plt blow-up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4289 </DOCNO>
Spin Torques in Ferromagnetic/Normal Metal Structures


  Recent theories of spin-current-induced magnetization reversal are formulated
in terms of a spin-mixing conductance $G^{mix}$. We evaluate $G^{mix}$ from
first-principles for a number of (dis)ordered interfaces between magnetic and
non-magnetic materials. In multi-terminal devices, the magnetization direction
of a one side of a tunnel junction or a ferromagnetic insulator can ideally be
switched with negligible charge current dissipation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114360 </DOCNO>
Data Acquisition and Uesr Interface of Beam Instrumentation System at


  Data acquisition systems for the accelerator complex at SRRC composed various
hardware and software components. Beam signals are processed by related
processing electronics, and connect to control system by various type of
interfaces in data acquisition front-end. These front-end include VME crates,
personal computers and instruments bus adapters. Fast Ethernet connected all
elements together with control consoles. User interface is running on control
console. Real-time data capture; display and alaysis are supported on control
console. Analysis tools based on Matlab scripts are adopted. Hardware and
software implementation of the system will be presented. User interface
supports are also described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95469 </DOCNO>
Cohomology pairings on singular quotients in geometric invariant theory


  In this paper we shall give formulas for the pairings of intersection
cohomology classes of complementary dimensions in the intersection cohomology
of geometric invariant theoretic quotients for which semistability is not
necessarily the same as stability (although we make some weaker assumptions on
the action). We also give formulas for intersection pairings on resolutions of
singularities (or more precisely partial resolutions, since orbifold
singularities are allowed) of the quotients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1914 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of current self-oscillations and electric field


  We examine how the current--voltage characteristics of a doped weakly coupled
superlattice depends on temperature. The drift velocity of a discrete drift
model of sequential tunneling in a doped GaAs/AlAs superlattice is calculated
as a function of temperature. Numerical simulations and theoretical arguments
show that increasing temperature favors the appearance of current
self-oscillations at the expense of static electric field domain formation. Our
findings agree with available experimental evidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73117 </DOCNO>
Testing Lorentz and CPT symmetry with hydrogen masers


  We present details from a recent test of Lorentz and CPT symmetry using
hydrogen masers. We have placed a new limit on Lorentz and CPT violation of the
proton in terms of a recent standard model extension by placing a bound on
sidereal variation of the F = 1 Zeeman frequency in hydrogen. Here, the
theoretical standard model extension is reviewed. The operating principles of
the maser and the double resonance technique used to measure the Zeeman
frequency are discussed. The characterization of systematic effects is
described, and the method of data analysis is presented. We compare our result
to other recent experiments, and discuss potential steps to improve our
measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86309 </DOCNO>
Dimensionally Dependent Tensor Identities by Double Antisymmetrisation


  Some years ago, Lovelock showed that a number of apparently unrelated
familiar tensor identities had a common structure, and could all be considered
consequences in n-dimensional space of a pair of fundamental identities
involving trace-free (p,p)-forms where 2p >= n$. We generalise Lovelock's
results, and by using the fact that associated with any tensor in n-dimensional
space there is associated a fundamental tensor identity obtained by
antisymmetrising over n+1 indices, we establish a very general 'master'
identity for all trace-free (k,l)-forms. We then show how various other special
identities are direct and simple consequences of this master identity; in
particular we give direct application to Maxwell, Lanczos, Ricci, Bel and
Bel-Robinson tensors, and also demonstrate how relationships between scalar
invariants of the Riemann tensor can be investigated in a systematic manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5180 </DOCNO>
Observation of the screening signature in the lateral photovoltage of


  The lateral photovoltage generated in the plane of a two-dimensional electron
system (2DES) by a focused light spot, exhibits a fine-structure in the quantum
oscillations in a magnetic field near the Quantum Hall conductivity minima. A
double peak structure occurs near the minima of the longitudinal conductivity
oscillations. This is the characteristic signature of the interplay between
screening and Landau quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128138 </DOCNO>
The L_x-sigma Relation For Poor Groups of Galaxies


  We use a sample of 20 poor groups of galaxies to study the low L_x tail of
the L_x-sigma relationship. We have obtained redshifts for fainter members and
deep X-ray imaging of these groups. We find that the L_x-sigma relationship
derived for the rich clusters in the sample of Mushotzky & Scharf (1997) is
consistent with the data for our 20 poor groups. However, it is not possible to
reach strong conclusions about differences in the L_x-sigma relationship for
groups and clusters in general at the present time because of significant
differences between various cluster samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40924 </DOCNO>
On the Particle Data Group evaluation of Psi' and chi_c Branching Ratios


  I propose a new evaluation of $\psi'(2S)$ and $\chi_c(1P)$ branching ratios
which avoids the correlations affecting the current Particle Data Group
evaluation.
  These correlations explain the apparent technique-dependent discrepancies
between the available determinations of the ${\cal B}(\chi_c(1P)\to p\bar p)$
and $\Gamma(\chi_c(1P)\to \gamma\gamma)$ under the hypotesis that the current
values of the $\psi'(2S)\to\chi_c(1P)\gamma$ branching ratios are
overestimated.
  In the process I also noticed that Particle Data Group has not restated many
of the older measurements, when necessary, for the new value of ${\cal
B}(J/\psi\to l^+l^-)$, which significantly affects the evaluation of some
relevant $\psi'(2S)$ and $\chi_c(1P)$ exclusive branching ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76853 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Violation in the SUSY-GUT Models with Lopsided Mass Matrix


  The tiny neutrino masses measured in the neutrino oscillation experiments can
be naturally explained by the supersymmetric see-saw mechanism. If the
supersymmetry breaking is mediated by gravity, the see-saw models may predict
observable lepton flavor violating effects. In this work, we investigate the
lepton flavor violating process $\mu\to e\gamma$ in the kind of neutrino mass
models based on the idea of the ``lopsided'' form of the charged lepton mass
matrix. The constraints set by the muon anomalous magnetic moment are taken
into account. We find the present models generally predict a much larger
branching ratio of $\mu\to e\gamma$ than the experimental limit. Conversely,
this process may give strong constraint on the lepton flavor structure.
Following this constraint we then find a new kind of the charged lepton mass
matrix. The feature of the structure is that both the elements between the 2-3
and 1-3 generations are ``lopsided''. This structure produces a very small 1-3
mixing and a large 1-2 mixing in the charged lepton sector, which naturally
leads to small $Br(\mu\to e\gamma)$ and the LMA solution for the solar neutrino
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169426 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Josephson junction systems in the computational subspace


  The quantum dynamics of the Josephson junction system in the computational
subspace is investigated. A scheme for the controlled not operation is given
for two capasitively coupled SQUIDs. In this system, there is no systematic
error for the two qubit operation. For the inductively coupled SQUIDs, the
effective Hamiltonian causes systematic errors in the computational subspace
for the two qubit operation. Using the purterbation theory, we construct a more
precise effective Hamiltonian. This new effective Hamiltonian reduces the
systematic error to the level much lower than the threshold of the fault
resilent quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75197 </DOCNO>
The multiple solutions of self-consistency condition in Walecka model


  We investigate the self-consistency condition (SCC) of mean-field theory in
Walecka model and find that the solutions of the SCC are multiple at high
temperature and chemical potential. Using the effective Lagrangian approach, we
study medium effects on the $\omega$ meson mass by taking into account of
vacuum effects. We show that the $\omega$ meson mass decreases with both
temperature and chemical potential with a general tendency, while near the
critical point several $\omega$ meson masses become degenerate due to the
multiple solutions of the SCC. We check the validity of Brown-Rho scaling law
in this case. Finally, we calculate the thermodynamic potential and prove that
the multiple solutions of the SCC result from a first-order phase transition of
nuclear matter in the Walecka model at high temperature and chemical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126305 </DOCNO>
The Size and Shape of Local Voids


  We study the size and shape of low density regions in the local universe
which we identify in the smoothed density field of the PSCz flux limited IRAS
galaxy catalogue. After quantifying the systematic biases that enter in the
detection of voids using our data set and method, we identify, using a
smoothing length of 5 $h^{-1}$ Mpc, 14 voids within 80 $h^{-1}$ Mpc and using a
smoothing length of 10 $h^{-1}$ Mpc, 8 voids within 130 $h^{-1}$ Mpc. We study
the void size distribution and morphologies and find that there is roughly an
equal number of prolate and oblate-like spheroidal voids. We compare the
measured PSCz void shape and size distributions with those expected in six
different CDM models and find that only the size distribution can discriminate
between models. The models preferred by the PSCz data are those with
intermediate values of $\sigma_{8} (\simeq 0.83)$, independent of cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76665 </DOCNO>
On the Parameters of the QCD-Motivated Potential in the Relativistic


  In the framework of the relativistic independent quark model the parameters
of the QCD-motivated static potential and the quark masses are calculated on
the basis of the $1^{--}$ meson mass spectra. The value of the confining
potential coefficient is found to be ($0.197\pm 0.005) GeV${}^2$. for quark-
antiquark interaction independently on their flavours. The dependence of the
quasi-Coulombic potential strength on the interaction distance are consistent
with the QCD-motivated behaviour. The $q\bar q$-separations are evaluated and
the $e^+e^-$ decay widths are estimated with the help of relativistic
modification of the Van Royen-Weisskopf formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169520 </DOCNO>
A perspectival version of the modal interpretation of quantum mechanics


  We study the process of observation (measurement), within the framework of a
`perspectival' (`relational', `relative state') version of the modal
interpretation of quantum mechanics. We show that if we assume certain features
of discreteness and determinism in the operation of the measuring device (which
could be a part of the observer's nerve system), this gives rise to classical
characteristics of the observed properties, in the first place to spatial
localization. We investigate to what extent semi-classical behavior of the
object system itself (as opposed to the observational system) is needed for the
emergence of classicality. Decoherence is an essential element in the mechanism
of observation that we assume, but it turns out that in our approach no
environment-induced decoherence on the level of the object system is required
for the emergence of classical properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73659 </DOCNO>
Spectral Change of Hadrons and Chiral Symmetry


  After a brief summary of the QCD phase structure with light quarks, we
discuss two recent developments on in-medium hadrons. First topic is the
sigma-meson which is a fluctuation of the chiral order parameter \bar{q}q.
Although sigma is at best a broad resonance in the vacuum, it may suffer a
substantial red-shift and show a characteristic spectral enhancement at the 2
m_{pi} threshold at finite temperature and baryon density. Possible
experimental signatures of this phenomenon are also discussed. Another topic is
the first principle lattice QCD calculation of the hadronic spectral functions
using the maximum entropy method (MEM). The basic idea and a successful example
of MEM are presented. Possible applications of MEM to study the in-medium
hadrons in lattice QCD simulations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124112 </DOCNO>
Recent developments in the search for baryonic dark matter


  Cosmological nucleosynthesis calculations imply that many of the baryons in
the Universe must be dark. We discuss the likelihood that some of these dark
baryons may reside in galaxies as Massive Compact Halo Objects (MACHOs), the
remnants of a first generation of pregalactic or protogalactic stars. Various
candidates have been proposed for such remnants and we review the many types of
observations which can be used to detect or exclude them. Claims to have found
positive evidence for some of the candidates have generally turned out to be
spurious or questionable, so the status of the MACHO scenario remains
controversial. However, it would be premature to reject MACHOs altogether and
further observations are likely to resolve the issue soon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123723 </DOCNO>
Australia Telescope Compact Array Observations of the OH Star Roberts


  We have imaged the unusual OH/IR object G 284-0.8 (Roberts 22) in the OH
transitions at 1612, 1665 and 1667 MHz using the Australia Telescope Compact
Array in Narrabri, NSW, Australia. The angular resolution of the OH images we
present here is 6 arcsec (12000 AU at a distance of 2 kpc). We find OH
emission, of extent 1.5 arcsec (2800 AU), located inside the optical bipolar
flow region (size 8 arcsec) discovered by Allen et al. (1980) and imaged
recently by Sahai et al. (1999) with the Hubble Space Telescope. We present
astrometry of Roberts 22, providing registration of the OH and Hubble Space
Telescope images to within ~0.35 arcsec. We describe the OH velocity field in
Roberts 22 and discuss the kinematic properties of the source and its
evolutionary status.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81265 </DOCNO>
Chiral properties of domain wall fermions with improved gauge actions


  We study the chiral properties of quenched domain wall fermions with several
gauge actions. We demonstrate that the nearly translationally invariant modes
in the fifth dimension that dominate the residual mass for Wilson gauge action
can be substantially suppressed using improved gauge actions. In particular, we
study the Symanzik action, the Iwasaki action, the DBW2 action and compare them
to the Wilson action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76489 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD and the Unitarity Triangle


  Theoretical and computational advances in lattice calculations are reviewed,
with focus on examples relevant to the unitarity triangle of the CKM matrix.
Recent progress in semi-leptonic form factors for B -> pi l nu and B -> D* l
nu, as well as the parameter \xi in B-Bbar mixing, are highlighted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96808 </DOCNO>
Model Companions of T_\sigma for stable T


  Let T be a complete first order theory in a countable relational language L .
We assume relation symbols have been added to make each formula equivalent to a
predicate. Adjoin a new unary function symbol sigma to obtain the language
L_sigma; T_sigma is obtained by adding axioms asserting that sigma is an
L-automorphism. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for T_sigma to
have a model companion when T is stable. Namely, we introduce a new condition:
T_sigma admits obstructions, and show that T_sigma has a model companion iff
and only if T_sigma does not admit obstructions. This condition is weakening of
the finite cover property: if a stable theory T has the finite cover property
then T_sigma admits obstructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97084 </DOCNO>
Twisted stability and Fourier-Mukai transform


  In this paper, we consider the preservation of stability by using the notion
of Twisted stability. As applications, (1) we show that moduli spaces of vector
bundles on K3 and abelian surfaces are irreducible, (2) we compute Hodge
polynomials of some moduli spaces of vector bundles on Enriques surfaces and on
elliptic surfaces with a section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3673 </DOCNO>
Quantum Frenkel-Kontorova Model


  This paper gives a review of our recent work on the quantum Frenkel-Kontorova
model. Using the squeezed state theory and the quantum Monte Carlo method, we
have studied the effects of quantum fluctuations on the Aubry transition and
the behavior of the ground state wave function. We found that quantum
fluctuations renormalize the sinusoidal standard map to a sawtooth map.
Although quantum fluctuations have smeared the Aubry transition, the remnants
of this transition are still discernible. The ground state wave function also
changes from an extended state to a localized state. The squeezed state results
agree very well with those from the Monte Carlo and mean field studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123667 </DOCNO>
Variability and polarization in the inner jet of 3C395


  We present new results on the parsec-scale jet of the quasar 3C395, derived
from VLBI polarization sensitive observations made in 1995.91 and 1998.50 at
8.4, 15.4 and 22.2 GHz. The observations show a complex one-sided jet extending
up to 20 mas, with a projected magnetic field essentially aligned with the
radio jet. The emission is strongly dominated, in total intensity and
polarization, by the core and the inner jet region (of ~3 mas length). We have
studied the details of this dominant region finding clear structural variations
during this ~2.5 years period, in contrast with the apparent quietness of the
jet structure inferred from lower resolution VLBI observations. We observe the
ejection of a new component from the core and variations in the degree of
polarization of the inner jet components. We estimate a high Faraday Rotation
Measure close to the core, with a strong decrease along the inner jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128602 </DOCNO>
New DA white dwarf evolutionary models and their pulsational properties


  In this letter we investigate the pulsational properties of ZZ Ceti stars on
the basis of new white dwarf evolutionary models calculated in a
self-consistent way with the predictions of time dependent element diffusion
and nuclear burning. In addition, full account is taken of the evolutionary
stages prior to the white dwarf formation. Emphasis is placed on the trapping
properties of such models. By means of adiabatic, non-radial pulsation
calculations, we find, as a result of time dependent diffusion, a much weaker
mode trapping effect, particularly for the high-period regime of the pulsation
g-spectrum. This result is valid at least for models with massive hydrogen-rich
envelopes. Thus, mode trapping would not be an effective mechanism to explain
the fact that all the high periods expected from standard models of stratified
white dwarfs are not observed in the ZZ Ceti stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1347 </DOCNO>
Power of Anisotropic Exchange Interactions: Universality and Efficient


  We study the quantum computational power of a generic class of anisotropic
solid state Hamiltonians. A universal set of encoded logic operations are found
which do away with difficult-to-implement single-qubit gates in a number of
quantum computer proposals, e.g., quantum dots and donor atom spins with
anisotropic exchange coupling, quantum Hall systems, and electrons floating on
helium.We show how to make the corresponding Hamiltonians universal by encoding
one qubit into two physical qubits, and by controlling nearest neighbor
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86513 </DOCNO>
Implementing holographic projections in Ponzano--Regge gravity


  We consider the path-sum of Ponzano-Regge with additional boundary
contributions in the context of the holographic principle of Quantum Gravity.
We calculate an holographic projection in which the bulk partition function
goes to a semi-classical limit while the boundary state functional remains
quantum-mechanical. The properties of the resulting boundary theory are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123621 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Stellar Clusters: Time Varying Protostellar Accretion


  Identifying the processes that determine strength, duration and variability
of protostellar mass growth is a fundamental ingredient of any theory of star
formation. I discuss protostellar mass accretion rates dM/dt from numerical
models which follow molecular cloud evolution from turbulent fragmentation
towards the formation of stellar clusters. In a dense cluster environment,
dM/dt is strongly time varying and influenced by the mutual interaction of
protostellar cores and their competition for accretion from the common cluster
gas reservoir. Even for protostars with similar final mass, the accretion
histories may differ dramatically. High-mass stars build up in the central
parts of dense, cluster-forming cloud regions. They begin to form in the early
phases of cluster evolution, and continue to grow at a high rate until the
available gas is exhausted or expelled by feedback. Lower-mass stars tend to
form at later phases, and dM/dt declines rapidly after a short initial phase of
strong growth. I present a simple fit formula for the time evolution of the
average dM/dt for protostars of different masses in a dense cluster
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96004 </DOCNO>
Seiberg-Witten invariants of rational homology spheres


  We prove that the Seiberg-Witten invariants of a rational homology sphere are
determined in a very explicit fashion by the Casson-Walker invariant and the
Reidemeister torsion

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1455 </DOCNO>
Reconstructing signal from fiber-optic measuring system with non-linear


  A computer model of the feed-forward neural network with the hidden layer is
developed to reconstruct physical field investigated by the fiber-optic
measuring system. The Gaussian distributions of some physical quantity are
selected as learning patterns. Neural network is learned by error
back-propagation using the conjugate gradient and coordinate descent
minimization of deviation. Learned neural network reconstructs the
two-dimensional scalar physical field with distribution having one or two
Gaussian peaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1677 </DOCNO>
Exploring the vicinity of the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield bound


  We investigate systems of real scalar fields in bidimensional spacetime,
dealing with potentials that are small modifications of potentials that admit
supersymmetric extensions. The modifications are controlled by a real
parameter, which allows implementing a perturbation procedure when such
parameter is small. The approach allows obtaining the energy and topological
charge in closed forms, up to first order in the parameter. We illustrate the
procedure with some examples. In particular, we show how to remove the
degeneracy in energy for the one-field and the two-field solutions that appear
in a model of two real scalar fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128544 </DOCNO>
On the Formation of Multiple-Shells Around Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars


  Two types of models for the formation of semi-periodic concentric multiple
shells (M-shells) around asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and in planetary
nebulae are compared against observations. Models that attribute the M-shells
to processes in an extended wind acceleration zone around AGB stars result in
an optically thick acceleration zone, which reduces the acceleration efficiency
in outer parts of the extended acceleration zone. This makes such models an
unlikely explanation for the formation of M-shells. Models which attribute the
M-shell to semi-periodic variation in one or more stellar properties are most
compatible with observations. The only stellar variation models on time scales
of 50-1500 years that have been suggested are based on an assumed solar-like
magnetic cycle. Although ad-hoc, the magnetic cycle assumption fits naturally
into the increasingly popular view that magnetic activity plays a role in
shaping the wind from upper AGB stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2839 </DOCNO>
Carrier dynamics and infrared-active phonons in c-axis oriented


  The conductivity spectra of c-axis oriented thin RuSr$_2$GdCu$_2$O$_8$ film
on SrTiO$_3$ substrate, prepared by pulsed-laser deposition, are obtained from
the analysis of the reflectivity spectra over broad frequency range and
temperatures between 10 and 300 K. The free charge carriers are found to be
strongly overdamped with their scattering rate (1.0 eV at room temperature)
exceeding the plasma frequency (0.55 eV). Four phonon lines are identified in
the experimental spectra and assigned to the specific oxygen related in-plane
polarized vibrations based on the comparison with the results of a lattice
dynamics shell model calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1486 </DOCNO>
Staggered Orbital Currents in a Model of Strongly Correlated Electrons


  This preprint has been withdrawn, as the evidence for persistent currents
found with the "infinite-size" DMRG algorithm has not been reproduced with the
(presumably more accurate) "finite-size" version of the algorithm (M. Troyer
and U. Schollwoeck, private communiation). A much clearer example of long-range
order in orbital currents is presented in: J. O. Fjaerestad and J. B. Marston,
``Staggered Orbital Currents in the Half-Filled Two-Leg Ladder,''
cond-mat/0107094.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127192 </DOCNO>
Optical second harmonic generation near a black hole horizon as possible


  Optical second harmonic generation near a black hole horizon is suggested as
a source of experimental information on quantum gravitational effects. While
absent in the framework of general relativity, second harmonic generation
appears in the toy models of sonic and electromagnetic black holes, where
spatial dispersion at high frequencies for waves boosted towards the horizon is
introduced. Localization effects in the light scattering from random
fluctuations of matter fields and space-time metric near the black hole horizon
produce a pronounced peak in the angular distribution of second harmonics of
light in the direction normal to the horizon. Such second harmonic light has
the best chances to escape the vicinity of the black hole. This phenomenon is
similar to the well-known strong enhancement of diffuse second harmonic
emission from a randomly rough metal surface in the direction normal to the
surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129709 </DOCNO>
Far Infrared Spectroscopy of the HH 1/2 Outflow


  The HH 1/2 system has been observed with the two spectrometers on board the
Infrared Space Observatory. Diffuse [CII] 158um emission indicate the presence
of a Photo-Dissociation Region (PDR) which is only in part due to the external
Far-UV irradiation from the nearby Orion Nebula. Additional irradiation must be
originated locally and we show that the FUV field produced in the recombination
regions behind the shocks traced by the HH objects is sufficient to induce a
PDR at the flow cavity walls. The analysis of [OI], [SiII]34.8um and [NeII]
12.8um lines suggests shock velocities v=100-140 km/s with pre-shock densities
between 100 and 1000 per cc. H2 pure rotational lines trace a T=600 K gas which
is likely to be warmed up in slow, planar, molecular shocks. The coexistence in
the areas subtended by the instrumental beamsizes of shocks at different
velocities is consistent with the bow-shock morphology of the HH 1 and, to a
lesser extent, HH 2 as traced by optical images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76427 </DOCNO>
Bimaximal Mixings from the Texture of the Right-handed Majorana Neutrino


  We study the origin of neutrino masses and mixing angles which can accomodate
the LMA MSW solutions of the solar neutrino anomaly as well as the solution of
the atmospheric neutrino problem, within the framework of the see-saw
mechanism. We employ the diagonal form of the Dirac neutrino mass matrices with
the physical masses as diagonal elements in the hierarchical order. Such choice
has been motivated from the fact that the known CKM angles for the quark
sector, are relatively small. We consider both possibilities where the Dirac
neutrino mass matrix is either the charged lepton or the up-quark mass matrix
within the framework of SO(10) GUT with or without supersymmetry. The non-zero
texture of the right-handed Majorana neutrino mass matrix $M_{R}$ is used for
the generation of the desired bimaximal mixings in a model independent way.
Both hierarchical and inverted hierarchical models of the left-handed Majorana
neutrino mass matrices are generated and then discussed with examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87173 </DOCNO>
Quintessence Model With Double Exponential Potential


  We have reinvestigated the quintessence model with minimally coupled scalar
field in the context of recent Supernova observation at $z=1.7$. By assuming
the form of the scale factor which gives both the early time deceleration and
late time acceleration, consistent with the observations, we show that one
needs a double exponential potential. We have also shown that the equation of
state and the behaviour of dark energy density are reasonably consistent with
earlier constraints obtained by different authors. This work shows again the
importance of double exponential potential for a quintessence field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98571 </DOCNO>
Two dimensional Fuchsian systems and the Chebyshev property


  Let $(x(t),y(t))^\top$ be a solution of a Fuchsian system of order two with
three singular points. The vector space of functions of the form
$P(t)x(t)+Q(t)y(t)$, where $P,Q$ are real polynomials, has a natural filtration
of vector spaces, according to the asymptotic behaviour of the functions at
infinity. We describe a two-parameter class of Fuchsian systems, for which the
corresponding vector spaces obey the Chebyshev property (the maximal number of
isolated zeroes of each function is less than the dimension of the vector
space).
  Up to now, only a few particular systems were known to possess such a
nonoscillation property. It is remarkable that most of these systems are of the
type studied in the present paper. We apply our results in estimating the
number of limit cycles that appear after small polynomial perturbations of
several quadratic or cubic Hamiltonian systems in the plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95801 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Np property of rational surfaces


  In this paper, we examine Green and Lazarsfeld's Np property for rational
surfaces obtained by blowing up the projective plane P^2 at a subscheme of fat
points Z. We show that these surfaces, embedded into projective spaces by
linear system of plane curves of degree t containing Z, possess property Np for
all t >> 0. This gives a positive answer to a conjecture of Geramita and
Gimigliano. Our bound for the values t is better than the conjectural value,
which is \sigma(Z) + p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75619 </DOCNO>
Flavour Physics and CP Violation in the SM


  We review the main aspects of Flavour Physics and CP Violation in the
Standard Model. After presenting a grand view of the field including a Master
Formula for weak decays we discuss i) Standard analysis of the unitarity
triangle, ii) The ratio epsilon'/epsilon, iii) Rare decays K^+ -> pi^+ nu barnu
and K_L -> pi^0 nu barnu, iv) CP violation in B decays and v) Models with
Minimal Flavour Violation. Our review ends with 20 questions that hopefully
will be answered in the coming years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74101 </DOCNO>
Model independent sum rules for B-> pi K decays


  We provide a set of sum rules relating CP-averaged branching ratios and
CP-asymmetries of the $B \to \pi K$ modes. They prove to be useful as a
mechanism to `test' experimental data given our expectations of the size of
isospin breaking. A set of observables emerges providing a simpler
interpretation of data in terms of isospin breaking. Moreover, the derivation
is done in a completely model independent way, i.e., they can accommodate also
New Physics contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74578 </DOCNO>
Brane Worlds, String Cosmology, and AdS/CFT


  Using the thin-shell formalism we discuss the motion of domain walls in de
Sitter and anti-de Sitter (AdS) time-dependent bulks. This motion results in a
dynamics for the brane scale factor. We show that in the case of a clean brane
the scale factor describes both singular and non-singular universes, with
phases of contraction and expansion. These phases can be understood as
quotients of AdS spacetime by a discrete symmetry group. We discuss this effect
in some detail, and suggest how the AdS/CFT correspondence could be applied to
obtain a non perturbative description of brane-world string cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96660 </DOCNO>
A New Decomposition Theorem for 3-Manifolds


  Let M be a (possibly non-orientable) compact 3-manifold with (possibly empty)
boundary consisting of tori and Klein bottles. Let $X\subset\partial M$ be a
trivalent graph such that $\partial M\setminus X$ is a union of one disc for
each component of $\partial M$. Building on previous work of Matveev, we define
for the pair (M,X) a complexity c(M,X) and show that, when M is closed,
irreducible and P^2-irreducible, $c(M,\emptyset)$ is the minimal number of
tetrahedra in a triangulation of M. Moreover c is additive under connected sum,
and, given any n>=0, there are only finitely many irreducible and
P^2-irreducible closed manifolds having complexity up to n. We prove that every
irreducible and P^2-irreducible pair (M,X) has a finite splitting along tori
and Klein bottles into pairs having the same properties, and complexity is
additive on this splitting. As opposed to the JSJ decomposition, our splitting
is not canonical, but it involves much easier blocks than all Seifert and
simple manifolds. In particular, most Seifert and hyperbolic manifolds appear
to have non-trivial splitting. In addition, a given set of blocks can be
combined to give only a finite number of pairs (M,X). Our splitting theorem
provides the theoretical background for an algorithm which classifies
3-manifolds of any given complexity. This algorithm has been already
implemented and proved effective in the orientable case for complexity up to 9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86257 </DOCNO>
Gravity-induced entropy in the quantum motion of a macroscopic body


  It is shown that a recently proposed model for the gravitational interaction
in non relativistic quantum mechanics may turn to be relevant to the derivation
of the second law of thermodynamics. In particular, the spreading of the
probability density of the center of mass of an isolated macroscopic body does
not imply delocalization of the wave function, but on the contrary it
corresponds to an entropy growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2774 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of propagation on small-world networks


  We report numerical evidence that an epidemic-like model, which can be
interpreted as the propagation of a rumor, exhibits critical behavior at a
finite randomness of the underlying small-world network. The transition occurs
between a regime where the rumor "dies" in a small neighborhood of its origin,
and a regime where it spreads over a finite fraction of the whole population.
Critical exponents are evaluated, and the dependence of the critical randomness
with the network connectivity is studied. The behavior of this system as a
function of the small-network randomness bears noticeable similarities with an
epidemiological model reported recently [M. Kuperman and G. Abramson, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 86, 2909 (2001)], in spite of substantial differences in the
respective dynamical rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149002 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theory at Large N and New G_2 Holonomy Metrics


  We find a one-parameter family of new G_2 holonomy metrics and demonstrate
that it can be extended to a two-parameter family. These metrics play an
important role as the supergravity dual of the large $N$ limit of four
dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills. We show that these G_2 holonomy metrics
describe the M-theory lift of the supergravity solution describing a collection
of D6-branes wrapping the supersymmetric three-cycle of the deformed conifold
geometry for any value of the string coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73895 </DOCNO>
Mixing Matrix of Quarks Having Natural Twisting in E_6 Grand Unified


  Mass matrix of quarks is studied in the Supersymmetric $E_6$ Grand Unified
Theory (GUT). The fundamental representation $\textbf{27}$ in $E_6$ which
corresponds to one generation contains two sets of $\textbf{5}^{*}$'s in SU(5),
so that there are six flavors of lepton doublets and right-handed down-quark
triplets. It is known that the twisting (interchange) among the
$\textbf{5}^{*}$ representations may reproduce the observed quark and lepton
mixing matrices. If $E_6$ is directly broken down to $SU(3)_C \times SU(2)_L
\times U(1)_Y$ and two extra U(1)'s, the extra 3 sets of down-type quarks do
not necessarily decouple from the quark mass matrix, under the appropriate
choice of the U(1) flavor charges on the quark and Higgs fields. Then, by
diagonalizing the 6 $\times$ 6 down-quark mass matrix, we find a certain set of
parameters, in which the twisting between a pair of the right-handed
down-quarks occurs naturally, reproducing the reasonable values for the $d$-,
$s$- and $b$-quark masses, and for $V_{ud}$, $V_{us}$, $V_{cd}$, $V_{cs}$ and
$V_{tb}$ of the CKM matrix elements. As a by-product, one vector-like
down-quark appears at the experimentally accessible TeV scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2787 </DOCNO>
Inequivalent classes of interference experiments with non-abelian anyons


  We present a theoretical analysis of inequivalent classes of interference
experiments with non-abelian anyons using an idealized Mach-Zender type
interferometer. Because of the non-abelian nature of the braid group action one
has to distinguish the different possibilities in which the experiment can be
repeated, which lead to different interference patterns. We show that each
setup will, after repeated measurement, lead to a situation where the
two-particle (or multi-particle) state gets locked into an eigenstate of some
well defined operator. Also the probability to end up in such an eigenstate is
calculated. Some representative examples are worked out in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3089 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Bethe Ansatz for Integrable Extended Hubbard Models Arising


  Integrable extended Hubbard models arising from symmetric group solutions are
examined in the framework of the graded Quantum Inverse Scattering Method. The
Bethe ansatz equations for all these models are derived by using the algebraic
Bethe ansatz method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124706 </DOCNO>
The Role of Clouds in Brown Dwarf and Extrasolar Giant Planet


  Clouds and hazes are important throughout our solar system and in the
atmospheres of brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. Among the brown
dwarfs, clouds control the colors and spectra of the L-dwarfs; the
disappearance of clouds helps herald the arrival of the T-dwarfs. The structure
and composition of clouds will be among the first remote-sensing results from
the direct detection of extrasolar giant planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96246 </DOCNO>
Smooth structure of some symplectic surfaces


  In this note we present a new definition of the 4-manifold admitting
inequivalent symplectic structures constructed by McMullen-Taubes which leads
to the identification of a new symplectic structure. We prove moreover that it
is diffeomorphic to one of the link surgery manifolds introduced by
Fintushel-Stern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113347 </DOCNO>
Driven Rydberg atoms reveal quartic level repulsion


  The dynamics of Rydberg states of a hydrogen atom subject simultaneously to
uniform static electric field and two microwave fields with commensurate
frequencies is considered in the range of small fields amplitudes. In the
certain range of the parameters of the system the classical secular motion of
the electronic ellipse reveals chaotic behavior. Quantum mechanically, when the
fine structure of the atom is taken into account, the energy level statistics
obey predictions appropriate for the symplectic Gaussian random matrix
ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3792 </DOCNO>
Fano resonances and Aharonov-Bohm effects in transport through a square


  We study the Aharonov-Bohm effect in a coupled 2$\times$2 quantum dot array
with two-terminals. A striking conductance dip arising from the Fano
interference is found as the energy levels of the intermediate dots are
mismatched, which is lifted in the presence of a magnetic flux. A novel five
peak structure is observed in the conductance for large mismatch. The
Aharonov-Bohm evolution of the linear conductance strongly depends on the
configuration of dot levels and interdot and dot-lead coupling strengths. In
addition, the magnetic flux and asymmetry between dot-lead couplings can induce
the splitting and combination of the conductance peak(s).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98284 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic analysis of two reduction methods for systems of chemical


  This article concerns two methods for reducing large systems of chemical
kinetics equations, namely, the method of intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds
(ILDMs) due to Maas and Pope and an iterative method due to Fraser and further
developed by Roussel and Fraser. Both methods exploit the separation of fast
and slow reaction time scales to find low-dimensional manifolds in the space of
species concentrations where the long-term dynamics are played out. The
analysis is carried out in the context of systems of ordinary differential
equations with multiple time scales and geometric singular perturbation theory.
A small parameter $\eps$ measures the separation of time scales. The underlying
assumptions are that the system of equations has an asymptotically stable slow
manifold $\mathcal{M}_0$ in the limit as $\eps \downarrow 0$ and that there
exists a slow manifold $\mathcal{M}_\eps$ for all sufficiently small positive
$\eps$, which is asymptotically close to $\mathcal{M}_0$.
  It is shown that the ILDM method yields a low-dimensional manifold whose
asymptotic expansion agrees with the asymptotic expansion of $\mathcal{M}_\eps$
up to and including terms of $\mathcal{O} (\eps)$. The error at $\mathcal{O}
(\eps^2)$ is proportional to the local curvature of $\mathcal{M}_0$. The
iterative method generates, term by term, the asymptotic expansion of the slow
manifold $\mathcal{M}_\eps$. The analytical results are illustrated in two
examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7092 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics of metallic photonic crystals and problem of left-handed


  An exact analytical theory of the electromagnetic waves in metallic photonic
crystals with a small volume fraction of a metal is presented. It is shown that
there are waves with a very low cutoff frequency $\omega_0$ and that the
permittivity $\epsilon$ is negative below $\omega_0$. We show that if the
crystal is embedded into a medium with negative $\mu$, it has no propagating
modes at any frequency. Thus, such a compound system is not a left handed
material (LHM). The recent experimental results on the LHM are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72362 </DOCNO>
Possible LSND effect as a small perturbation of the bimaximal texture


  A particular form of mixing matrix for three active and one sterile neutrinos
is proposed. Its $3\times 3 $ part describing three active neutrinos arises
from the popular bimaximal mixing matrix that works satisfactorily in solar and
atmospheric experiments if the LSND effect is ignored. Then, the sterile
neutrino, effective in the fourth row and fourth column of the proposed mixing
matrix, is responsible for the possible LSND effect by inducing one extra
neutrino mass state to exist actively. The LSND effect, if it exists, turns out
to reveal its {\it perturbative} nature related to small mixing of three active
neutrinos with their sterile partner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128326 </DOCNO>
The evolution of the cluster environments of radio sources at z<1.8


  An analysis of the cluster environments around distant radio galaxies is
presented, in particular the results from new NTT deep optical-IR imaging of
the fields of radio sources at z ~ 1.6. A net overdensity of K-band galaxies is
found, together with a sharp peak in the angular cross-correlation amplitude,
centred on the radio galaxies. This excess clustering is associated
predominantly with red galaxies, with colours consistent with being old
ellipticals at the radio source redshift. A large excess of such red galaxies
is seen, particularly within 100 kpc of the radio source. These comprise
amongst the most distant red sequences of cluster ellipticals yet discovered,
that is, the highest redshift `normal' clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5485 </DOCNO>
The binding dynamics of tropomyosin on actin


  We discuss a theoretical model for the cooperative binding dynamics of
tropomyosin to actin filaments. Tropomyosin binds to actin by occupying seven
consecutive monomers. The model includes a strong attraction between attached
tropomyosin molecules. We start with an empty lattice and show that the binding
goes through several stages. The first stage represents fast initial binding
and leaves many small vacancies between blocks of bound molecules. In the
second stage the vacancies annihilate slowly as tropomyosin molecules detach
and re-attach. Finally the system approaches equilibrium. Using a grain-growth
model and a diffusion-coagulation model we give analytical approximations for
the vacancy density in all regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6096 </DOCNO>
Quantum phases in two-dimensional frustrated spin-1/2 antiferromagnets


  We describe four phases found in two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets.
Two of them display long range order at T=0: the N\'eel state and the Valence
Bond Crystal. The last two are Spin-Liquids. Properties of these different
states are shortly described and likely conditions of their occurence outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98886 </DOCNO>
On Harmonic Mappings into Weil-Peterssson Completed Teichmuller Spaces


  Harmonic mappings into Teichmuller spaces appear in the study of manifolds
which are fibrations whose fibers are Riemann surfaces. In this article we will
study the existence and uniquenesses questions of harmonic mappings into
Teichmuller spaces, as well as some local and global behavior of the harmonic
images induced by the Weil-Petersson geometry of Teichmuller spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6161 </DOCNO>
Multifractal current distribution in random diode networks


  Recently it has been shown analytically that electric currents in a random
diode network are distributed in a multifractal manner [O. Stenull and H. K.
Janssen, Europhys. Lett. 55, 691 (2001)]. In the present work we investigate
the multifractal properties of a random diode network at the critical point by
numerical simulations. We analyze the currents running on a directed
percolation cluster and confirm the field-theoretic predictions for the scaling
behavior of moments of the current distribution. It is pointed out that a
random diode network is a particularly good candidate for a possible
experimental realization of directed percolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128667 </DOCNO>
The distribution of emission measure, and of heating budget, among the


  The aim of this paper is to validate a methodology for connecting the
emission measure of individual solar coronal loops to the integrated emission
measure of the entire solar corona, and using this connection to deduce the
energetic properties of the corona, and then to show how this methodology can
be applied to observations of solar-like stellar coronae. The solar validation
is carried out by using spatially resolved X-ray observations of the Sun
obtained from the Yohkoh satellite. This work is a further step in our effort
to place the "solar-stellar connection" on a quantitative footing. In
particular, we show how this analysis procedure can be used in the context of
archival Einstein, ROSAT and EUVE data, as well as Chandra and XMM Newton data,
as a complementary analysis tool to existing multi-thermal component models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40757 </DOCNO>
Further search for a neutral boson with a mass around 9 MeV/c2


  Two dedicated experiments on internal pair conversion (IPC) of isoscalar M1
transitions were carried out in order to test a 9 MeV/c2 X-boson scenario. In
the 7Li(p,e+e-)8Be reaction at 1.1 MeV proton energy to the predominantly T=0
level at 18.15 MeV, a significant deviation from IPC was observed at large pair
correlation angles. In the 11B(d,n e+e-)12C reaction at 1.6 MeV, leading to the
12.71 MeV 1+ level with pure T=0 character, an anomaly was observed at 9
MeV/c2. The compatibility of the results with the scenario is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98989 </DOCNO>
Notes on toric varieties from Mori theoretic viewpoint


  The main purpose of this notes is to supplement the paper reid, which treated
Minimal Model Program (also called Mori's Program) on toric varieties. We
calculate lengths of negative extremal rays of toric varieties. As an
application, we obtain a generalization of Fujita's conjecture for singular
toric varieties. We also prove that every toric variety has a small projective
toric $\bQ$-factorialization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5408 </DOCNO>
ab inito local vibrational modes of light impurities in silicon


  We have developed a formulation of density functional perturbation theory for
the calculation of vibrational frequencies in molecules and solids, which uses
numerical atomic orbitals as a basis set for the electronic states. The
(harmonic) dynamical matrix is extracted directly from the first order change
in the density matrix with respect to infinitesimal atomic displacements from
the equilibrium configuration. We have applied this method to study the
vibrational properties of a number of hydrogen-related complexes and light
impurities in silicon. The diagonalization of the dynamical matrix provides the
vibrational modes and frequencies, including the local vibrational modes (LVMs)
associated with the defects. In addition to tests on simple molecules, results
for interstitial hydrogen, hydrogen dimers, vacancy-hydrogen and
self-interstitial-hydrogen complexes, the boron-hydrogen pair, substitutional
C, and several O-related defects in c-Si are presented. The average error
relative to experiment for the aprox.60 predicted LVMs is about 2% with most
highly harmonic modes being extremely close and the more anharmonic ones within
5-6% of the measured values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3160 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the vortex configuration on the geometry of mesoscopic


  The influence of the geometry of a thin superconducting sample on the
penetration of the magnetic field lines and the arrangement of vortices are
investigated theoretically. We compare superconducting disks, squares and
triangles with the same surface area having nonzero thickness. The coupled
nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau equations are solved self-consistently and the
important demagnetization effects are taken into account. We calculate and
compare quantities like the free energy, the magnetization, the Cooper-pair
density, the magnetic field distribution and the superconducting current
density for the three geometries. For given vorticity the vortex lattice is
different for the three geometries, i.e. it tries to adapt to the geometry of
the sample. This also influences the stability range of the different vortex
states. For certain magnetic field ranges we found a coexistence of a giant
vortex placed in the center and single vortices toward the corners of the
sample. Also the H-T phase diagram is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129284 </DOCNO>
Dusty Acoustic Turbulence in the Nuclear Disks of two LINER Galaxies NGC


  The structure of dust spirals in the nuclei of the SAab-type Liner galaxies
NGC 4450 and NGC 4736 is studied using archival HST PC images. The spirals are
typically only several hundredths of a magnitude fainter than the neighboring
disks, so unsharp mask techniques are used to highlight them. The ambient
extinction is estimated to be less than 0.1 mag from the intensity decrements
of the dust features and from the spiral surface filling factor, which is about
constant for all radii and sizes. The nuclear dust spirals differ from
main-disk spirals in several respects: the nuclear spirals have no associated
star formation, they are very irregular with both trailing and leading
components that often cross, they become darker as they approach the center,
they completely fill the inner disks with a constant areal density, making the
number of distinct spirals (the azimuthal wavenumber m) increase linearly with
radius, and their number decreases with increasing arm width as a power law.
Fourier transform power spectra of the spirals, taken in the azimuthal
direction, show a power law behavior with a slope of -5/3 over the range of
frequencies where the power stands above the pixel noise. This is the same
slope as that found for the one-dimensional power spectra of HI emission in the
Large Magellanic Cloud, and also the slope expected for a thin turbulent disk.
All of these properties suggest that the dust spirals are a manifestation of
acoustic turbulence in the inner gas disks of these galaxies. Such turbulence
should dissipate orbital energy and transfer angular momentum outward, leading
to a steady accretion of gas toward the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99158 </DOCNO>
Hyperkaehler manifolds with torsion, supersymmetry and Hodge theory


  Let M be a hypercomplex Hermitian manifold, (M,I) the same manifold
considered as a complex Hermitian with a complex structure I induced by the
quaternions. The standard linear-algebraic construction produces a canonical
nowhere degenerate (2,0)-form on (M,I). It is well known that M is hyperkaehler
if and only if the form \Omega is closed with respect to the de Rham
differential. The M is called HKT (hyperkaehler with torsion) if this form is
closed with respect to the Dolbeault differential (this condition is weaker.
Conjecturally, all compact hypercomplex manifolds admit an HKT-metrics. We
exploit a remarkable analogy between the de Rham DG-algebra of a Kaehler
manifold and the Dolbeault DG-algebra of an HKT-manifold. The supersymmetry of
a Kaehler manifold is given by an action of an 8-dimensional Lie superalgebra
on its de Rham algebra, containing the Lefschetz SL(2)-triple, the Laplacian
and the de Rham differential. We establish the action of this superalgebra on
the Dolbeault DG-algebra of an HKT-manifold. This is used to construct a
canonical Lefschetz-type SL(2)-action on the space of harmonic spinors of M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4093 </DOCNO>
The Random Field Ising Model on Hierarchical Lattices II: Ground State


  The ground state critical properties of the Random Field Ising Model (RFIM)
on the diamond hierarchical lattice are investigated via a combining method
encompassing real space renormalization group and an exact recurrence
procedure. The local magnetization and the nearest neighbors pair correlation
function are exactly calculated. The fixed-point joint probability distribution
of couplings and local fields are numerically obtained and analyzed, indicating
that the critical behavior of the model is governed by the zero temperature
disorder fixed point. The critical exponents associated with the order
parameter and correlation length are estimated showing an universal behavior
regarding the choice of the initial probability distribution for initial local
fields being the symmetric continuous Gaussian or discrete delta-bimodal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98670 </DOCNO>
Boundary states in coset conformal field theories


  We construct various boundary states in the coset conformal field theory G/H.
The G/H theory admits the twisted boundary condition if the G theory has an
outer automorphism of the horizontal subalgebra that induces an automorphism of
the H theory. By introducing the notion of the brane identification and the
brane selection rule, we show that the twisted boundary states of the G/H
theory can be constructed from those of the G and the H theories. We apply our
construction to the su(n) diagonal cosets and the su(2)/u(1) parafermion theory
to obtain the twisted boundary states of these theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7211 </DOCNO>
Temporal fractal structures: Origin of power-laws in the world-wide Web


  Using numerical simulations and scaling theory we study the dynamics of the
world-wide Web from the growth rules recently proposed in Ref. [1] with
appropriate parameters. We demonstrate that the emergence of power-law behavior
of the out- and in-degree distributions in the Web involves occurrence of
temporal fractal structures, that are manifested in the scale-free growth of
the local connectivity and in first-return time statistics. We also show how
the scale-free behavior occurs in the statistics of random walks on the Web,
where the walkers use information on the local graph connectivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2403 </DOCNO>
Order parameter of MgB_2: a fully gapped superconductor


  We have measured the low-temperature specific heat C(T) for polycrystalline
MgB_2 prepared by high pressure synthesis. C(T) below 10 K vanishes
exponentially, which unambiguously indicates a fully opened superconducting
energy gap. However, this gap is found to be too small to account for Tc of
MgB_2. Together with the small specific heat jump DeltaC/gamma_nTc=1.13,
scenarios like anisotropic s-wave or multi-component order parameter are called
for. The magnetic field dependence of gamma(H) is neither linear for a fully
gapped s-wave superconductor nor H^1/2 for nodal order parameter. It seems that
this intriguing behavior of gamma(H) is associated with the intrinsic
electronic properties other than flux pinning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125296 </DOCNO>
Observations of O VI Emission from the Diffuse Interstellar Medium


  We report the first Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)
measurements of diffuse O VI (lambda,lambda 1032,1038) emission from the
general diffuse interstellar medium outside of supernova remnants or
superbubbles. We observed a 30arcsec x 30arcsec region of the sky centered at l
= 315 and b = -41. From the observed intensities
(2930+/-290(random)+/-410(systematic) and 1790+/-260(random)+/-250(systematic)
photons/cm/cm/s/sr in the 1032 and 1038 Angstrom emission lines, respectively),
derived equations, and assumptions about the source location, we calculate the
intrinsic intensity, electron density, thermal pressure, and emitting depth.
The intensities are too large for the emission to originate solely in the Local
Bubble. Thus, we conclude that the Galactic thick disk and lower halo also
contribute. High velocity clouds are ruled out because there are none near the
pointing direction. The calculated emitting depth is small, indicating that the
O VI-bearing gas fills a small volume. The observations can also be used to
estimate the cooling rate of the hot interstellar medium and constrain models.
The data also yield the first intensity measurement of the C II 3s2 S1/2 to 2p2
P3/2 emission line at 1037 Angstroms and place upper limits on the intensities
of ultraviolet line emission from C I, C III, Si II, S III, S IV, S VI, and Fe
III.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1626 </DOCNO>
Temperature-dependent bandstructure of bulk EuO


  We present calculations for the temperature-dependent electronic structure of
bulk ferromagnetic EuO based on a parametrization of the d-f model Hamiltonian
using results of first-principles TB-LMTO band structure calculations. The
presented method avoids the problem of double-counting of relevant interactions
and takes into account the symmetry of the atomic orbitals. It enables us to
determine the temperature-dependent band structure of EuO over the entire
temperature range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127288 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the solar tachocline I: an incompressible study


  Gough & McIntyre have suggested that the dynamics of the solar tachocline are
dominated by the advection-diffusion balance between the differential rotation,
a large-scale primordial field and baroclinicly driven meridional motions. This
paper presents the first part of a study of the tachocline, in which a model of
the rotation profile below the convection zone is constructed along the lines
suggested by Gough & McIntyre and solved numerically. In this first part, a
reduced model of the tachocline is derived in which the effects of
compressibility and energy transport on the system are neglected; the
meridional motions are driven instead by Ekman-Hartmann pumping. It is shown
that there exists only a narrow range of magnetic field strengths for which the
system can achieve a nearly uniform rotation. The results are discussed with
respect to observations and to the limitations of this initial approach. A
following paper combines the effects of realistic baroclinic driving and
stratification with a model that follows closely the lines of work of Gough &
McIntyre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125136 </DOCNO>
Semi-analytic approximations for production of atmospheric muons and


  Simple approximations for fluxes of atmospheric muons and muon neutrinos are
developed which display explicitly how the fluxes depend on primary cosmic ray
energy and on features of pion production. For energies of approximately 10 GeV
and above the results are sufficiently accurate to calculate response functions
and to use for estimates of systematic uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149178 </DOCNO>
Solitonic Aspects of q-Field Theories


  We have examined the deformation of a generic non-Abelian gauge theory
obtained by replacing its Lie group by the corresponding quantum group. This
deformed gauge theory has more degrees of freedom than the theory from which it
is derived. By going over from point particles in the standard theory to
solitonic particles in the deformed theory, it is proposed to interpret the new
degrees of fredom as descriptive of a non-locality of the deformed theory. It
also turns out that the original Lie algebra gets replaced by two dual
algebras, one of which lies close to and approaches the original Lie algebra in
a correspondence limit, while the second algebra is new and disappears in this
same correspondence limit. The exotic field particles associated with the
second algebra can be interpreted as quark-like constituents of the solitons,
which are themselves described by the first algebra. These ideas are explored
for q-deformed SU(2) and SU(3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168356 </DOCNO>
Comments on discrete time in quantum mechanics


  The possibility that time can be regarded as a discrete parameter is
re-examined. We study the dynamics of the free particle and find in some cases
superluminal propagation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3292 </DOCNO>
Novel Effects in High-Tc Granular Superconductors Predicted via Model of


  Despite the fact that Josephson Junction Arrays (JAA) have been actively
studied for decades, they continue to contribute to the variety of intriguing
and peculiar phenomena (both fundamental and important for potential
applications) providing at the same time a useful tool for testing new
theoretical ideas. To give just a few recent examples, it is sufficient to
mention paramagnetic Meissner effect (PME) as well as the recently introduced
thermophase and piezophase effects suggesting, respectively, a direct influence
of a thermal gradient and an applied stress on phase difference between the
adjacent grains. At the same time, an artificially prepared islands of
superconducting grains, well-described by the various models of JJAs, proved
useful in studying the charging effects in these systems, ranging from Coulomb
blockade of Cooper pair tunneling and Bloch oscillations to propagation of
quantum ballistic vortices. The present paper reviews some of the recently
suggested novel effects which should manifest themselves either in
weak-links-bearing superconductors or in artificially prepared JJAs. In Section
2 we consider the appearance of an electric-field induced magnetization (analog
of the so-called magnetoelectric effect) in a model granular superconductor.
The dual effect, that is an appearance of a magnetic field induced electric
polarization is studied in Section 3. Finally, in Section 4 we discuss a
possibility of two other interesting effects which are expected to occur in a
granular material under mechanical loading. Specifically, we predict the
existence of stress induced paramagnetic moment in zero applied magnetic field
(Josephson piezomagnetism) and study its influence on a low-field magnetization
(leading to a mechanically induced PME).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96556 </DOCNO>
Hexagonal circle patterns and integrable systems: Patterns with the


  Hexagonal circle patterns are introduced, and a subclass thereof is studied
in detail. It is characterized by the following property: For every circle the
multi-ratio of its six intersection points with neighboring circles is equal to
-1. The relation of such patterns with an integrable system on the regular
triangular lattice is established. A kind of a B"acklund transformation for
circle patterns is studied. Further, a class of isomonodromic solutions of the
aforementioned integrable system is introduced, including circle patterns
analogons to the analytic functions $z^\alpha$ and $\log z$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6233 </DOCNO>
An exact universal amplitude ratio for percolation


  The universal amplitude ratio $\tilde{R}_{\xi}$ for percolation in two
dimensions is determined exactly using results for the dilute A model in regime
1, by way of a relationship with the q-state Potts model for q<4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41265 </DOCNO>
Parton distribution functions in nuclei


  Optimum nuclear parton distributions are determined by an analysis of muon
and electron deep inelastic scattering data. Assuming simple A dependence and
polynomial functions of x and 1-x for nuclear modification of parton
distributions, we determine the initial distributions by a chi^2 analysis.
Although valence-quark distributions are relatively well determined except for
the small-x region, antiquark distributions cannot be fixed at medium and large
x. It is also difficult to fix gluon distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168091 </DOCNO>
Comment on: Breakdown of Bohr's Correspondence Principle by: Bo Gao


  Gao applied LeRoy and Bernstein semi-classical analysis for the energy levels
in a potential of the form -C/r^n to sequences of scaled energy differences
progressing towards low lying states and found a better agreement with the
semi-classical prediction. We checked that for the energy levels obtained by
Stwalley et al. with the same potential, the agreement with the semi-classical
approximation is better for higher vibrational quantum numbers in agreement
with Bohr's correspondence principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124141 </DOCNO>
The endpoint of the rp process on accreting neutron stars


  We calculate the rapid proton (rp) capture process of hydrogen burning on the
surface of an accreting neutron star with an updated reaction network that
extends up to Xe, far beyond previous work. In both steady-state nuclear
burning appropriate for rapidly accreting neutron stars (such as the magnetic
polar caps of accreting X-ray pulsars) and unstable burning of Type I X-ray
bursts, we find that the rp process ends in a closed SnSbTe cycle. This
prevents the synthesis of elements heavier than Te and has important
consequences for X-ray burst profiles, the composition of accreting neutron
stars, and potentially galactic nucleosynthesis of light p nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96598 </DOCNO>
2-Categories, 4d state-sum models and gerbes


  In this paper we give a short introduction to our results on the holonomy of
gerbe-connections and explain our motivation coming from state-sum models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1387 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the stripe phase as a function of doping from a theoretical


  By comparing single-particle spectral functions of t-J and Hubbard models
with recent angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) results for LSCO and Nd-LSCO,
we can decide where holes go as a function of doping, and more specifically,
which type of stripe (bond-, site-centered) is present in these materials at a
given doping. For dopings greater than about 12% our calculation shows
furthermore that the holes prefer to proliferate out of the metallic stripes
into the neighboring antiferromagnetic domains. The spectra were calculated by
a cluster perturbation technique, for which we present an alternative
formulation. Implications for the theory for high-Tc superconductivity are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149914 </DOCNO>
Localized Tachyons and RG Flows


  We study condensation of closed string tachyons living on defects, such as
orbifold fixed planes and Neveu-Schwarz fivebranes. We argue that the high
energy density of localized states decreases in the process of condensation of
such tachyons. In some cases this means that $c_{eff}$ decreases along the
flow; in others, $c_{eff}$ remains constant and the decreasing quantity is a
closed string analog, $g_{cl}$, of the ``boundary entropy'' of D-branes. We
discuss the non-supersymmetric orbifolds $C/Z_n$ and $C^2/Z_n$. In the first
case tachyon condensation decreases $n$ and in some cases connects type II and
type 0 vacua. In the second case non-singular orbifolds are related by tachyon
condensation to both singular and non-singular ones. We verify that $g_{cl}$
decreases in flows between non-singular orbifolds. The main tools in the
analysis are the structure of the chiral ring of the perturbed theory, the
geometry of the resolved orbifold singularities, and the throat description of
singular conformal field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127964 </DOCNO>
Bulk viscosity in superfluid neutron star cores. III. Effects of


  Bulk viscosity of neutron star cores containing hyperons is studied taking
into account non-equilibrium weak process $n+n \rightleftharpoons p+\Sigma^-$.
Rapid growth of the bulk viscosity within the neutron star core associated with
switching on new reactions (modified Urca process, direct Urca process, hyperon
reactions) is analyzed. The suppression of the bulk viscosity by superfluidity
of baryons is considered and found out to be very important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168127 </DOCNO>
Sending Signals to Space-Like Separated Regions


  Two recent works suggest a possibility of sending signals to a space-like
separated region, contrary to the spirit of special relativity. In the first
work [J. Grunhaus, S. Popescu, and D. Rohrlich, Phys. Rev. A 53, 3781 (1996)]
it has been shown that sending signals to particular union of space-like
separated region cannot cause causality paradoxes. Another work [Y. Aharonov
and L. Vaidman, Phys. Rev. A 61, 052108 (2000)] showed that the relative phase
of quantum superposition of a particle in two separate locations can be
measured locally. Together with the possibility of changing the relative phase
in a nonlocal way using potential effect we, apparently, have a method of
sending signals to space-like separated regions. These arguments are critically
analyzed in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81158 </DOCNO>
Comparing lattice Dirac operators in smooth instanton backgrounds


  We compare the behavior of different lattice Dirac operators in gauge
backgrounds which are lattice discretizations of a classical instanton. In
particular we analyze the standard Wilson operator, a chirally improved Dirac
operator and the overlap operators constructed from these two operators. We
discuss the flow of real eigenvalues as a function of the instanton size. An
analysis of the eigenvectors shows that overlap fermions with the Wilson
operator as input operator have difficulties with reproducing the continuum
zero mode already for moderately small instantons. This problem is greatly
reduced when using the chirally improved operator for the overlap projection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5438 </DOCNO>
Charge transport through quantum dots via time-varying tunnel couplings


  We describe a novel mechanism for charge pumping through tunnel-coupled
quantum dots in the regime of strong Coulomb blockade. The quantum state of an
additional electron within the structure is steered by changing the tunneling
couplings between neighbouring dots. Appropriate tailoring of the interdot
tunneling rates allows to design the instantaneous eigenvalues of the system
Hamiltonian. A combination of adiabatic following and Landau-Zener tunneling
results in the transfer of charge from one dot to the neighbouring one.
Coupling to electron reservoirs via weak tunnel-barriers then allows to
implement an electron pump.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124747 </DOCNO>
Dark-matter velocity dispersion in N-body simulations


  The present work reports on a study of the spatially coarse-grained velocity
dispersion in cosmological N-body simulations (OCDM and Lambda-CDM models) as a
function of time (z=0-4) and of the smoothing length (0.6-20 Mpc/h). The main
result is a polytropic relationship I_1 \propto rho^{2+eta} between the
coarse-grained peculiar kinetic energy density, I_1, and the coarse-grained
mass density, rho, induced by the gravitational interaction. The ``anomalous
dimension'' eta, dependent on time and coarsening scale, is introduced as a
compact measure of the deviations from the virial prediction eta_virial=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168579 </DOCNO>
Conclusive tests of local realism and pseudoscalar mesons


  Many beautiful experiments have been addressed to test standard quantum
mechanics against local realistic models. Even if a strong evidence favouring
standard quantum mechanics is emerged, a conclusive experiment is still
lacking, because of low detection efficiencies. Recently, experiments based on
pseudoscalar mesons have been proposed as a way for obtaining a conclusive
experiment. In this paper, we investigate if this result can effectively be
obtained. Our conclusions, based on a careful analysis of the proposed set ups,
are that this will not be possible due to intrinsic limitations of these kind
of experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125369 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing of the farthest known supernova SN1997ff


  We investigate the effects of gravitational lensing due to intervening
galaxies on the recently discovered Type Ia supernova at z=1.7, SN1997ff, in
the Hubble Deep Field North. We find that it is possible to obtain a wide range
of magnifications by varying the mass and/or the velocity dispersion
normalization of the lensing galaxies. In order to be able to use SN1997ff to
constrain the redshift-distance relation, very detailed modeling of the
galaxies to control the systematic effects from lensing is necessary. Thus we
argue, that based on our current limited knowledge of the lensing galaxies, it
is difficult to use SN1997ff to constrain the values of Omega_M and
Omega_Lambda, or even to place severe limits on grey dust obscuration or
luminosity evolution of Type Ia supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96132 </DOCNO>
On certain C-test words for free groups


  Let F_m be a free group of a finite rank m > 1 and X_i, Y_j be elements in
F_m. A non-empty word w(x_1,..., x_n) is called a C-test word in n letters for
F_m if, whenever w(X_1,..., X_n)=w(Y_1,..., Y_n) not equal to 1, the two
n-tuples (X_1,..., X_n) and (Y_1,..., Y_n) are conjugate in F_m. In this paper
we construct, for each n > 1, a C-test word v_n(x_1,..., x_n) with the
additional property that v_n(X_1,..., X_n)=1 if and only if the subgroup of F_m
generated by X_1,..., X_n is cyclic. Making use of such words v_m(x_1,..., x_m)
and v_{m+1}(x_1,..., x_{m+1}), we provide a positive solution to the following
problem raised by Shpilrain: There exist two elements u_1, u_2 in F_m such that
every endomorphism of F_m with non-cyclic image is completely determined by its
values on u_1, u_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75958 </DOCNO>
Charged Particles: A Builder's Guide


  It is sometimes claimed that one cannot describe charged particles in gauge
theories. We identify the root of the problem and present an explicit
construction of charged particles. This is shown to have good perturbative
properties and, asymptotically before and after scattering, to recover particle
modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74671 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric SO(10) GUT Models with Yukawa Unification and a Positive


  Supersymmetric grand unified models based on SO(10) gauge symmetry have many
desireable features, including the unification of Yukawa couplings. Using
D-term contributions to scalar masses arising from the breakdown of SO(10),
Yukawa coupling unification only to 30% can be achieved in models with a
positive superpotential Higgs mass. The superparticle mass spectrum is highly
constrained, and yields relatively light top squarks and charginos.
Surprisingly, the pattern of GUT scale soft SUSY breaking masses are close to
those found in the context of inverted hierarchy models. Our analysis supports
the idea that the low energy MSSM parameter space is an approximate SO(10)
inspired fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81394 </DOCNO>
Hadron Masses From Novel Fat-Link Fermion Actions


  The hadron mass spectrum is calculated in lattice QCD using a novel fat-link
clover fermion action in which only the irrelevant operators in the fermion
action are constructed using smeared links. The simulations are performed on a
16^3 x 32 lattice with a lattice spacing of a=0.125 fm. We compare actions with
n=4 and 12 smearing sweeps with a smearing fraction of 0.7. The n=4 Fat-Link
Irrelevant Clover (FLIC) action provides scaling which is superior to
mean-field improvement, and offers advantages over nonperturbative 0(a)
improvement, including a reduced exceptional configuration problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40789 </DOCNO>
Compact vacuum phototriodes for operation in strong magnetic field


  The results of tests of 1'' vacuum phototriodes in a magnetic field up to 4.5
T are presented. It was found that output amplitude decreases by about 6 % per
tesla in the magnetic field range from 2.0 to 4.0 T. For devices with an anode
mesh pitch of 16$\mu$m, the output amplitude at 4.0 T is 30 % lower than that
at zero field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148157 </DOCNO>
Bulk Gauge Fields in the Bigravity Model


  Motivated by a recently proposed "bigravity" model with two positive tension
$AdS_4$ branes in $AdS_5$ by Kogan et al.[hep-th/0011141], we study behavior of
bulk gauge field in the model. In this case, the zero mode of the gauge field
is not constant but depends on the fifth dimensional coordinate transverse to
the brane. The zero mode then becomes massive on the brane. From the physical
requirement that the mass must be small, a parameter of the model is
constrained. We also discuss the Kaluza-Klein modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126082 </DOCNO>
The CORALIE survey for southern extrasolar planets V: 3 new extrasolar


  We report the detection of 3 new planetary companions orbiting the solar-type
stars GJ 3021, HD 52265 and HD 169830 using radial-velocity measurements taken
with the CORALIE echelle spectrograph. All these planetary companions have
longer orbital periods than the 51 Peg-like objects. The orbits are fairly
eccentric. The minimum masses of these planets range from 1 to 3.3 M_Jup. The
stars have spectral types from F8V to G6V. They are metal-rich. We also present
our radial-velocity measurements for three solar-type stars known to host
planetary companions iota Hor (HD 17051), HD 210277 and HD 217107.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5794 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phase Slips in Superconducting Nanowires


  We have measured the resistance vs. temperature of more than 20
superconducting nanowires with nominal widths ranging from 10 to 22 nm and
lengths from 100 nm to 1050 nm. With decreasing cross-sectional areas, the
wires display increasingly broad resistive transitions. The data are in very
good agreement with a model that includes both thermally activated phase slips
close to Tc and quantum phase slips (QPS) at low temperatures, but disagree
with an earlier model based on a critical value of R_n/Rq. Our measurements
provide strong evidence for QPS in thin superconducting wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126527 </DOCNO>
Low-Ionization BAL QSOs in Ultraluminous Infrared Systems


  Low-ionization broad absorption line (BAL) QSOs present properties that
cannot generally be explained by simple orientation effects. We have conducted
a deep spectroscopic and imaging study of the host galaxies of the only four
BAL QSOs that are currently known at z < 0.4, and found that all four objects
reside in dusty, starburst or post-starburst, merging systems. The starburst
ages derived from modeling the stellar populations are in every case a few
hundred million years or younger. There is strong evidence that the ongoing
mergers triggered both the starbursts and the nuclear activity, thus indicating
that the QSOs have been recently triggered or rejuvenated. The low-ionization
BAL phenomenon then appears to be directly related to young systems, and it may
represent a short-lived stage in the early life of a large fraction of QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114208 </DOCNO>
Newton's laws of motion in form of Riccati equation


  We discuss two applications of Riccati equation to Newton's laws of motion.
The first one is the motion of a particle under the influence of a power law
central potential $V(r)=k r^{\epsilon}$. For zero total energy we show that the
equation of motion can be cast in the Riccati form. We briefly show here an
analogy to barotropic Friedmann-Robertson-Lemaitre cosmology where the
expansion of the universe can be also shown to obey a Riccati equation. A
second application in classical mechanics, where again the Riccati equation
appears naturally, are problems involving quadratic friction. We use methods
reminiscent to nonrelativistic supersymmetry to generalize and solve such
problems

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41476 </DOCNO>
Study of the heavy flavor content of jets produced in association with W


  We present a detailed examination of the heavy flavor content of the $W $ +
jet data sample collected with the CDF detector during the 1992-1995 collider
run at the Fermilab Tevatron. Jets containing heavy flavor quarks are selected
via the identification of secondary vertices or semileptonic decays of $b$ and
$c$ quarks. There is generally good agreement between the rates of secondary
vertices and soft leptons in the data and in the standard model simulation
including single and pair production of top quarks. An exception is the number
of events in which a single jet has both a soft lepton and a secondary vertex
tag. In $W +$ 2,3 jet data, we find 13 such events where we expected 4.4 $\pm$
0.6 events. The kinematic properties of this small sample of events are
statistically difficult to reconcile with the simulation of standard model
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148870 </DOCNO>
Hypermultiplet effective action: N = 2 superspace approach


  In an earlier paper (hep-th/0101127), we developed heat kernel techniques in
N = 2 harmonic superspace for the calculation of the low-energy effective
action of N = 4 SYM theory, which can be considered as the most symmetric N = 2
SYM theory. Here, the results are extended to generic N = 2 SYM theories. This
involves a prescription for computing the variation of the hypermultiplet
effective action. Integrability of this variation allows the hypermultiplet
effective action to be deduced. This prescription permits a very simple
superfield derivation of the perturbative holomorphic prepotential. Explicit
calculations of the prepotential and the leading non-holomorphic correction are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167935 </DOCNO>
Entangled state based on nonorthogonal state


  Properties of entangled states based on nonorthogonal states are clarified.
Especially, it is shown that they can have complete degree of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96348 </DOCNO>
Products of random matrices and q-Catalan numbers


  We describe one interpretation of the q-Catalan numbers in frameworks of
random matrix theory and weighted partitions of the set of integers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127363 </DOCNO>
The stability of the Circumnuclear Disk clouds in the Galactic Centre


  The influence of rotation and magnetic fields on the physical properties of
isothermal gas clouds is discussed. The presence of rotation and/or magnetic
fields results in an increase of the critical cloud mass with respect to
gravitational instability for clouds of a given temperature and external
pressure. Rotating clouds have higher densities. Consequently, they are more
stable against tidal shear than non-rotating clouds. They can approach the
Galactic Centre up to a radius of ~2 pc without being disrupted by the tidal
shear due to the gravitational potential. For smaller radii the clouds either
collapse or become tidally disrupted. We suggest that this mechanism is
responsible for the formation of the inner edge of the Circumnuclear Disk in
the Galactic Centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72414 </DOCNO>
A Diagrammatic Approach to Crystalline Color Superconductivity


  We present a derivation of the gap equation for the crystalline color
superconducting phase of QCD which begins from a one-loop Schwinger-Dyson
equation written using a Nambu-Gorkov propagator modified to describe the
spatially varying condensate. Some aspects of previous variational calculations
become more straightforward when rephrased beginning from a diagrammatic
starting point. This derivation also provides a natural base from which to
generalize the analysis to include quark masses, nontrivial crystal structures,
gluon propagation at asymptotic densities, and nonzero temperature. In this
paper, we analyze the effects of nonzero temperature on the crystalline color
superconducting phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81070 </DOCNO>
General Ginsparg-Wilson fermions and index


  We show rigorously that for general Ginsparg-Wilson fermions the dimensions
of the geometric eigenspace and of the algebraic one for zero modes agree so
that the index theorem on the lattice is not spoiled by unwanted additional
terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3286 </DOCNO>
The window Josephson junction: a coupled linear nonlinear system


  We investigate the interface coupling between the 2D sine-Gordon equation and
the 2D wave equation in the context of a Josephson window junction using a
finite volume numerical method and soliton perturbation theory. The geometry of
the domain as well as the electrical coupling parameters are considered. When
the linear region is located at each end of the nonlinear domain, we derive an
effective 1D model, and using soliton perturbation theory, compute the fixed
points that can trap either a kink or antikink at an interface between two
sine-Gordon media. This approximate analysis is validated by comparing with the
solution of the partial differential equation and describes kink motion in the
1D window junction. Using this, we analyze steady state kink motion and derive
values for the average speed in the 1D and 2D systems. Finally we show how
geometry and the coupling parameters can destabilize kink motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129701 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Polar Cap Heating and Surface Thermal X-Ray Emission II. Inverse


  We investigate the production of electron-positron pairs by inverse Compton
scattered (ICS) photons above a pulsar polar cap (PC) and surface heating by
returning positrons. This paper is a continuation of our self-consistent
treatment of acceleration, pair dynamics and electric field screening above
pulsar PCs. We calculate the altitude of the inverse Compton pair formation
fronts, the flux of returning positrons and present the heating efficiencies
and X-ray luminosities. We revise pulsar death lines implying cessation of pair
formation, and present them in surface magnetic field-period space. We find
that virtually all known radio pulsars are capable of producing pairs by
resonant and non-resonant ICS photons radiated by particles accelerated above
the PC in a pure star-centered dipole field, so that our ICS pair death line
coincides with empirical radio pulsar death. Our calculations show that ICS
pairs are able to screen the accelerating electric field only for high neutron
star surface temperatures and magnetic fields. We argue that such screening at
ICS pair fronts occurs locally, slowing but not turning off acceleration of
particles until screening can occur at a curvature radiation (CR) pair front at
higher altitude. In the case where no screening occurs above the PC surface, we
anticipate that the pulsar gamma-ray luminosity will be a substantial fraction
of its spin-down luminosity. The X-ray luminosity resulting from PC heating by
ICS pair fronts is significantly lower than the PC heating luminosity from CR
pair fronts, which dominates for most pulsars. PC heating from ICS pair fronts
is highest in millisecond pulsars, which cannot produce CR pairs, and may
account for observed thermal X-ray components in the spectra of these old
pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5460 </DOCNO>
Mixing and approach to equilibrium in the standard map


  For a paradigmatic case, the standard map, we discuss how the statistical
description of the approach to equilibrium is related to the sensitivity to the
initial conditions of the system. Using a numerical analysis we present an
anomalous scenario that may give some insight on the foundations of the
Tsallis' statistical mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86447 </DOCNO>
Conditional Symmetries and the Quantization of Bianchi Type I Vacuum


  In this work, the quantization of the most general Bianchi Type I geometry,
with and without a cosmological constant, is considered. In the spirit of
identifying and subsequently removing as many gauge degrees of freedom as
possible, a reduction of the initial 6--dimensional configuration space is
presented. This reduction is achieved by imposing as additional conditions on
the wave function, the quantum version of the --linear in momenta-- classical
integrals of motion (conditional symmetries). The vector fields inferred from
these integrals induce, through their integral curves, motions in the
configuration space which can be identified to the action of the automorphism
group of Type I, i.e. $GL(3,\Re)$. Thus, a wave function depending on one
degree of freedom, namely the determinant of the scale factor matrix, is found.
A measure for constructing the Hilbert space is proposed. This measure respects
the above mentioned symmetries, and is also invariant under the classical
property of covariance under arbitrary scalings of the Hamiltonian (quadratic
constraint).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5939 </DOCNO>
Molecular nanomagnets in ac magnetic field


  The behavior of molecular nanomagnets in periodic magnetic field transverse
to the easy axis direction is investigated. It is shown that at sufficiently
strong field the tunneling time can be considerably reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41217 </DOCNO>
Why Do Solar Neutrino Experiments Below 1 Mev


  I discuss why we need solar neutrino experiments below 1 MeV. I also express
my prejudices about the desired number and types of such experiments,
emphasizing the importance of p-p solar neutrino experiments

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81236 </DOCNO>
Quenched Chiral Behavior of Hadrons with Overlap Fermions


  We study the quenched chiral behavior of hadrons with the pseudoscalar mass
as low as $\approx 280$ MeV. We look for quenched chiral logs in the pion mass,
determine the renormalized quark mass, and observe quenched artifacts in the
$a_0$ and $N^*$ propagators. The calculation is done on a quenched lattice of
size $20^4$ and $a = 0.148(2)$ fm using overlap fermions and an improved gauge
action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74285 </DOCNO>
Simulated gravity without true gravity in asymmetric brane-world


  This article investigates asymmetric brane-world scenarios in the limit when
the bulk gravity is negligible. We show that, even when true self gravity is
negligible, local mass concentrations will be subject to a mutual attraction
force which simulates the effect of Newtonian gravity in the non-relativistic
limit. Cosmological and also post-Newtonian constraints are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168430 </DOCNO>
Creating massive entanglement of Bose condensed atoms


  We propose a direct, coherent coupling scheme that can create massively
entangled states of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms. Our idea is based on an
effective interaction between two atoms from coherent Raman processes through a
(two atom) molecular intermediate state. We compare our scheme with other
recent proposals for generation of massive entanglement of Bose condensed
atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41817 </DOCNO>
A Combination of Preliminary Electroweak Measurements and Constraints on


  This note presents a combination of published and preliminary electroweak
results from the four LEP collaborations and the SLD collaboration which were
prepared for the 2001 summer conferences. Averages from Z resonance results are
derived for hadronic and leptonic cross sections, the leptonic forward-backward
asymmetries, the tau polarisation asymmetries, the b-bbar and c-cbar partial
widths and forward-backward asymmetries and the q-qbar charge asymmetry. Above
the Z resonance, averages are derived for di-fermion cross sections and
forward-backward asymmetries, W-pair, Z-pair and single-W production cross
section, electroweak gauge boson couplings, W mass and width and W decay
branching ratios. For the first time, total and differential cross sections for
di-photon production are combined. The main changes with respect to the
experimental results presented in summer 2000 are updates to the Z-pole heavy
flavour results from SLD and LEP and to the W mass from LEP. The results are
compared with precise electroweak measurements from other experiments. Using a
new evaluation of the hadronic vacuum polarisation, the parameters of the
Standard Model are evaluated, first using the combined LEP electroweak
measurements, and then using the full set of electroweak results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148296 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Analysis of the Seiberg-Witten Map


  We investigate the quantization of the theta-expanded noncommutative U(1)
Yang-Mills action, obtained via the Seiberg-Witten map. As expected we find
non-renormalizable terms. The one-loop propagator corrections are gauge
independent, and lead us to a unique extention of the noncommutative classical
action. We interpret our results as a requirement that also the trace in
noncommutative field theory should be deformed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97937 </DOCNO>
Symmetries between two Ramsey properties


  In this article we compare the well-known Ramsey property with a dual form of
it, the so called dual-Ramsey property (which was suggested first by Carlson
and Simpson). Even if the two properties are different, it can be shown that
all classical results known for the Ramsey property also hold for the
dual-Ramsey property. We will also show that the dual-Ramsey property is closed
under a generalized Suslin operation (the similar result for the Ramsey
property was proved by Matet). Further we compare two notions of forcing, the
Mathias forcing and a dual form of it, and will give some symmetries between
them. Finally we give some relationships between the dual-Mathias forcing and
the dual-Ramsey property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87003 </DOCNO>
Probing the Brans-Dicke Gravitational Field by Cerenkov Radiation


  The possibility that a charged particle propagating in a gravitational field
described by Brans-Dicke theory of gravity could emit Cerenkov radiation is
explored. This process is kinematically allowed depending on parameters
occurring in the theory. The Cerenkov effect disappears as the BD parameter
omega tends to inftinity, i.e. in the limit in which the Einstein theory is
recovered, giving a signature to probe the validity of the Brans-Dicke theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113901 </DOCNO>
Uses of a Quantum Master Inequality


  An inequality in quantum mechanics, which does not appear to be well known,
is derived by elementary means and shown to be quite useful. The inequality
applies to 'all' operators and 'all' pairs of quantum states, including mixed
states. It generalizes the rule of the orthogonality of eigenvectors for
distinct eigenvalues and is shown to imply all the Robertson generalized
uncertainty relations. It severely constrains the difference between
probabilities obtained from 'close' quantum states and the different responses
they can have to unitary transformations. Thus, it is dubbed a master
inequality. With appropriate definitions the inequality also holds throughout
general probability theory and appears not to be well known there either. That
classical inequality is obtained here in an appendix. The quantum inequality
can be obtained from the classical version but a more direct quantum approach
is employed here. A similar but weaker classical inequality has been reported
by Uffink and van Lith.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124466 </DOCNO>
Ground-Based Coronagraphy with High Order Adaptive Optics


  We summarize the theory of coronagraphic optics, and identify a dimensionless
fine-tuning parameter, F, which we use to describe the Lyot stop size in the
natural units of the coronagraphic optical train and the observing wavelength.
We then present simulations of coronagraphs matched to adaptive optics (AO)
systems on the Calypso 1.2m, Palomar Hale 5m and Gemini 8m telescopes under
various atmospheric conditions, and identify useful parameter ranges for AO
coronagraphy on these telescopes. Our simulations employ a tapered, high-pass
filter in spatial frequency space to mimic the action of adaptive wavefront
correction. We test the validity of this representation of AO correction by
comparing our simulations with recent K-band data from the 241-channel Palomar
Hale AO system and its dedicated PHARO science camera in coronagraphic mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75768 </DOCNO>
Generating the curvature perturbation without an inflaton


  We present a mechanism for the origin of the large-scale curvature
perturbation in our Universe by the late decay of a massive scalar field, the
curvaton. The curvaton is light during a period of cosmological inflation, when
it acquires a perturbation with an almost scale-invariant spectrum. This
corresponds initially to an isocurvature density perturbation, which generates
the curvature perturbation after inflation when the curvaton density becomes a
significant fraction of the total. The isocurvature density perturbation
disappears if the curvaton completely decays into thermalised radiation. Any
residual isocurvature perturbation is 100% correlated with the curvature. The
same mechanism can also generate the curvature perturbation in pre big
bang/ekpyrotic models, provided that the curvaton has a suitable non-canonical
kinetic term so as to generate a flat spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148129 </DOCNO>
Some properties of generalized connections in quantum gravity


  The quantum completion of the space of connections in a manifold can be seen
as the set of all morphisms from the groupoid of the edges of the manifold to
the (compact) gauge group. This algebraic construction generalizes the
analogous description of the gauge-invariant quantum configuration space of
Ashtekar and Isham. We present a description of the groupoid approach which
brings the gauge-invariant degrees of freedom to the foreground, thus making
the action of the gauge group more transparent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1426 </DOCNO>
Tuning a Josephson junction through a quantum critical point


  We tune the barrier of a Josephson junction through a zero-temperature
metal-insulator transition and study the thermodynamic behavior of the junction
in the proximity of the quantum-critical point. We examine a
short-coherence-length superconductor and a barrier (that is described by a
Falicov-Kimball model) using the local approximation and dynamical mean-field
theory. The inhomogeneous system is self-consistently solved by performing a
Fourier transformation in the planar momentum and exactly inverting the
remaining one-dimensional matrix with the renormalized perturbation expansion.
Our results show a delicate interplay between oscillations on the scale of the
Fermi wavelength and pair-field correlations on the scale of the coherence
length, variations in the current-phase relationship, and dramatic changes in
the characteristic voltage as a function of the barrier thickness or
correlation strength (which can lead to an ``intrinsic'' pinhole effect).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 677 </DOCNO>
On wave propagation in inhomogeneous systems


  We present a theory of electron, electromagnetic, and elastic wave
propagation in systems consisting of non-overlapping scatterers in a host
medium. The theory provides a framework for a unified description of wave
propagation in three-dimensional periodic structures, finite slabs of layered
structures, and systems with impurities: isolated impurities, impurity
aggregates, or randomly distributed impurities. We point out the similarities
and differences between the different cases considered, and discuss the
numerical implementation of the formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179582 </DOCNO>
Covariant meson-exchange model of the anti-kaon nucleon interaction


  A covariant meson-exchange model of the anti-kaon nucleon interaction within
the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter equation is presented. With just one free
parameter we are able to get a good description of the available experimental
data from below threshold to 300 MeV laboratory momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179728 </DOCNO>
Nuclear medium effects on the sigma mass and width


  The meson meson interaction in the scalar isoscalar channel at finite
baryonic density is studied in the framework of a chiral unitary approach which
generates the f0 and sigma resonances and reproduces well the meson meson phase
shifts in vacuum. We investigate the sigma spectral function, its mass and its
width as a function of the baryon density and discuss possible experimental
signatures in the (pi,2pi) and the (gamma,2pi) reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128959 </DOCNO>
Radio Properties of Pinwheel Nebulae


  A small number of dusty Wolf-Rayet stars have been resolved into pinwheel
nebulae, defined by their ``rotating'' spiral dust shells observed in the
infrared. This morphology is naturally explained by dust formation associated
with colliding winds in a binary system. In order to confirm and further
explore this hypothesis, we have observed the known pinwheel nebulae (WR 104
and WR 98a) as well as the suspected binary WR 112 at multiple radio
wavelengths with the Very Large Array to search for non-thermal radio emission
from colliding winds. The spectrum of each target is nearly flat between 5 and
22 GHz, consistent with the presence of non-thermal emission that is reduced at
low frequencies by free-free absorption. This emission must lie outside the
radio ``photosphere,'' leading us to estimate a lower limit to the physical
size of the non-thermal emitting region that is larger than expected from
current theory. Based on a radio and infrared comparison to WR 104 and 98a, we
conclude that WR 112 is a likely candidate pinwheel nebula, but its temporal
variability indicates an eccentric binary orbit or a pinwheel viewed nearly
edge-on. A sensitive radio survey of IR-bright WRs would stringently test the
hypothesis that colliding winds lie at the heart of_all_ dusty WR systems. We
also discuss the effects of dust obscuration in the ultra-violet and how
radio-determined mass-loss rates of pinwheel nebulae (and dusty WR stars in
general) may be underestimated due to shadowing effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6804 </DOCNO>
Random Magnetism in $S=1/2$ Heisenberg Chains with Bond Alternation and


  The $S=1/2$ Heisenberg chains with bond alternation and randomness on the
strong bonds are studied by the density matrix renormalization group method. It
is assumed that the odd-th bond is antiferromagnetic with strength $J$ and
even-th bond can take the values $\JA$ and $\JF$ $ (\JA > J > 0 > \JF)$
randomly. The ground state of this model interpolates between the Haldane and
dimer phases via a randomness dominated intermediate phase. Based on the
scaling of the low energy spectrum and mean field treatment of the interchain
coupling, it is found that the magnetic long range order is induced by
randomness in the intermediate regime. In the magnetization curves, there
appears a plateau at the fractional value of the saturated magnetization. The
fine sructures of the magnetization curves and low energy spectrum are
understood based on the cluster picture. The relation with the recent
experiment for (CH$_3)_2$CHNH$_3$Cu(Cl$_x$Br$_{1-x})_3$ is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1433 </DOCNO>
Incommensurate ground state of double-layer quantum Hall systems


  Double-layer quantum Hall systems possess interlayer phase coherence at
sufficiently small layer separations, even without interlayer tunneling. When
interlayer tunneling is present, application of a sufficiently strong in-plane
magnetic field $B_\parallel > B_c$ drives a commensurate-incommensurate (CI)
transition to an incommensurate soliton-lattice (SL) state. We calculate the
Hartree-Fock ground-state energy of the SL state for all values of
$B_\parallel$ within a gradient approximation, and use it to obtain the
anisotropic SL stiffness, the Kosterlitz-Thouless melting temperature for the
SL, and the SL magnetization. The in-plane differential magnetic susceptibility
diverges as $(B_\parallel - B_c)^{-1}$ when the CI transition is approached
from the SL state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150312 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Dreams


  Nature's attraction to unique mathematical structures provides powerful hints
for unraveling her mysteries. None is at present as intriguing as
eleven-dimensional M-theory. The search for exceptional structures specific to
eleven dimensions leads us to exceptional groups in the description of
space-time. One specific connection, through the coset $F_4/SO(9)$, may provide
a generalization of eleven-dimensional supergravity. Since this coset happens
to be the projective space of the Exceptional Jordan Algebra, its charge space
may be linked to the fundamental degrees of freedom underlying M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148923 </DOCNO>
Correlators in AdS_3 string theory


  The computation of two and three point functions in the Coulomb gas free
field approach to string theory in the SL(2,R)/U(1) black hole background is
reviewed. An interesting relation arises when comparing the results obtained
using two different screening operators. The formalism is then modified to
study string theory propagating in AdS$_3$ which is considered as the direct
product of the SL(2)/U(1) coset times a timelike free boson. This
representation allows to naturally include the spectral flow symmetry and
winding number in vertex operators and correlation functions. Two and three
point tachyon amplitudes are computed in this new scenario and the results
coincide with previous reports in the literature. Novel expressions are found
for processes violating winding number conservation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150018 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetism, metric deformations, ellipticity and gauge operators


  On Riemannian signature conformal 4-manifolds we give a conformally invariant
extension of the Maxwell operator on 1-forms. We show the extension is in an
appropriate sense injectively elliptic, and recovers the invariant gauge
operator of Eastwood and Singer. The extension has a natural compatibility with
the de Rham complex and we prove that, given a certain restriction, its
conformally invariant null space is isomorphic to the first de Rham cohomology.
General machinery for extending this construction is developed and as a second
application we describe an elliptic extension of a natural operator on
perturbations of conformal structure. This operator is closely linked to a
natural sequence of invariant operators that we construct explictly. In the
conformally flat setting this yields a complex known as the conformal
deformation complex and for this we describe a conformally invariant Hodge
theory which parallels the de Rham result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3602 </DOCNO>
Principles of non-local field theories and their application to


  In these lecture notes, we give an overview about non-local field-theories
and their application to polymerized membranes, i.e. membranes with a fixed
internal connectivity. The main technical tool is the multi-local operator
product expansion (MOPE), generalizing ideas from local field theories to the
multi-local situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168239 </DOCNO>
Decoherence effects of motion-induced radiation


  The radiation pressure coupling with vacuum fluctuations gives rise to energy
damping and decoherence of an oscillating particle. Both effects result from
the emission of pairs of photons, a quantum effect related to the fluctuations
of the Casimir force. We discuss different alternative methods for the
computation of the decoherence time scale. We take the example of a spherical
perfectly-reflecting particle, and consider the zero and high temperature
limits. We also present short general reviews on decoherence and dynamical
Casimir effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168453 </DOCNO>
On Bell's Paradox


  The correlations between the outcomes of pairs of spin component measurements
on particles in the singlet state exist and can be observed independently of
any a priori given frame of reference. We can even construct a frame of
reference that is based on these correlations. This observation-based frame of
reference is equivalent to the customary a priori given frame of reference of
the laboratory when describing real Bohm-Aharonov experiments.
 J.S. Bell has argued that local hidden parameter theories that reproduce the
predictions of Quantum Mechanics cannot exist, but the counterfactual reasoning
leading to Bell's conclusion is physically meaningless if the frame of
reference that is based on spin component measurements is accepted as the
backdrop for Bohm-Aharonov experiments.
 The refutal of Bell's proof opens up for the construction of a viable hidden
parameter theory. A model of a spin h/2 particle in terms of a non-flat metric
of space-time is shown to allow the predictions of quantum mechanics in the
Bohm-Aharonov experiment to be reproduced, without introducing non-locality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3126 </DOCNO>
Weakly nonlocal irreversible thermodynamics - the Guyer-Krumhansl and


  Examples of irreversible thermodynamic theory of nonlocal phenomena are
given, based on generalized entropy current. Thermodynamic currents and forces
are identified to derive the Guyer-Krumhansl and Cahn-Hilliard equations. In
the latter case Gurtin's rate dependent additional term is received through the
thermodynamic approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5975 </DOCNO>
A first-principles study of the structure and lattice dielectric


  Structural and electronic properties of CaCu{3}Ti{4}O{12} have been
calculated using density-functional theory within the local spin-density
approximation. After an analysis of structural stability, zone-center optical
phonon frequencies are evaluated using the frozen-phonon method, and mode
effective charges are determined from computed Berry-phase polarizations.
Excellent agreement between calculated and measured phonon frequencies is
obtained; calculated mode effective charges are in poorer agreement with
experiment, although they are of the correct order of magnitude; and the
lattice contribution to the static dielectric constant is calculated to be ~40.
On the basis of these results, various mechanisms are considered for the
enormous dielectric response reported in recent experiments. No direct evidence
is found for intrinsic lattice or electronic mechanisms, suggesting that
increased attention should be given to extrinsic effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95761 </DOCNO>
Projectivities in Simplicial Complexes and Colorings of Simple Polytopes


  For each strongly connected finite-dimensional (pure) simplicial complex we
construct a finite group, the group of projectivities of the complex, which is
a combinatorial but not a topological invariant. This group is studied for
combinatorial manifolds and, in particular, for polytopal simplicial spheres.
The results are applied to a coloring problem for simplicial (or, dually,
simple) polytopes which arises in the area of toric algebraic varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6121 </DOCNO>
Modern calorimetry: going beyond tradition


  Calorimetry has been a traditional tool for obtaining invaluable
thermodynamic information of matter, the free energy. We describe recent
efforts to go beyond this traditional calorimetry: After introducing dynamic
heat capacity, we present the various experimental methods to measure it.
Applications and future prospects are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126471 </DOCNO>
Evolutionary Binary Sequences for Low- and Intermediate-Mass X-ray


  We present the results of a systematic study of the evolution of low- and
intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs and IMXBs). Using a standard
Henyey-type stellar-evolution code and a standard model for binary
interactions, we have calculated 100 binary evolution sequences containing a
neutron star and a normal-type companion star, where the initial mass of the
secondary ranges from 0.6 to 7\Ms and the initial orbital period from $\sim 4
$hr to $\sim 100 $d. This grid of models samples the entire range of parameters
one is likely to encounter for LMXBs and IMXBs. The sequences show an enormous
variety of evolutionary histories and outcomes, where different mass-transfer
mechanisms dominate in different phases. Very few sequences resemble the
classical evolution of cataclysmic variables, where the evolution is driven by
magnetic braking and gravitational radiation alone. Many systems experience a
phase of mass transfer on a thermal timescale and may briefly become detached
immediately after this phase (for the more massive secondaries). In agreement
with previous results (\markcite{Tauris1}Tauris & Savonije 1999), we find that
all sequences with (sub-)giant donors up to $\sim 2\Ms$ are stable against
dynamical mass transfer. Sequences where the secondary has a radiative envelope
are stable against dynamical mass transfer for initial masses up to $\sim
4\Ms$. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81283 </DOCNO>
On the Quantum Geometry of String Theory


  The IKKT or IIB matrix model has been proposed as a non-perturbative
definition of type IIB superstring theories. It has the attractive feature that
space--time appears dynamically. It is possible that lower dimensional
universes dominate the theory, therefore providing a dynamical solution to the
reduction of space--time dimensionality. We summarize recent works that show
the central role of the phase of the fermion determinant in the possible
realization of such a scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169121 </DOCNO>
Atomic entanglement near a realistic microsphere


  We study a scheme for entangling two-level atoms located close to the surface
of a dielectric microsphere. The effect is based on medium-assisted spontaneous
decay, rigorously taking into account dispersive and absorptive properties of
the microsphere. We show that even in the weak-coupling regime, where the
Markov approximation applies, entanglement up to 0.35 ebits between two atoms
can be created. However, larger entanglement and violation of Bell's inequality
can only be achieved in the strong-coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150237 </DOCNO>
Covariant Quantization of Superstrings Without Pure Spinor Constraints


  We construct a covariant quantum superstring, extending Berkovits' approach
by introducing new ghosts to relax the pure spinor constraints. The central
charge of the underlying Kac-Moody algebra, which would lead to an anomaly in
the BRST charge, is treated as a new generator with a new b-c system. We
construct a nilpotent BRST current, an anomalous ghost current and an
anomaly-free energy-momentum tensor. For open superstrings, we find the correct
massless spectrum. In addition, we construct a Lorentz invariant B-field to be
used for the computation of the integrated vertex operators and amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179276 </DOCNO>
Final State Interactions in Hypernuclear Decay


  We present an update of the One-Meson-Exchange (OME) results for the weak
decay of s- and p-shell hypernuclei (Ref. Phys. Rev. C {\bf 56}, 339 (1997)),
paying special attention to the role played by final state interactions between
the emitted nucleons. The present study also corrects for a mistake in the
inclusion of the $K$ and $K^*$ exchange mechanisms, which substantially
increases the ratio of neutron-induced to proton-induced transitions,
$\Gamma_n/\Gamma_p$. With the most up-to-date model ingredients, we find that
the OME approach is able to describe very satisfactorily most of the measured
observables, including the ratio $\Gamma_n/\Gamma_p$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124745 </DOCNO>
Circumstellar structure of RU Lupi down to au scales


  We have used the technique of spectro-astrometry to study the milli-arcsecond
scale structure of the emission lines in the T Tauri star RU Lupi. The wings of
the H-alpha emission are found to be displaced from the star towards the
south-west (blue wing) and north-east (red wing) with angular scales of 20-30
milli-arcsecs. This structure is consistent with a bipolar outflow from the
star. From a study of the variability of the intensity and position spectra we
argue that a combination of magnetically-driven bipolar outflow and accreting
gas contribute to the H-alpha emission. On the other hand, the [OI] and [SII]
emission are displaced from the star to the south-west but at much larger
distances than the H-alpha, hundreds of milli-arcsecs for the high-velocity
component (HVC) and down to 30 milli-arcsecs for the low-velocity components
(LVC). The presence of both red-shifted and blue-shifted outflows in H-alpha
but only a blue-shifted outflow in the forbidden lines can be explained if the
disc obscures the red-shifted forbidden line outflow, but a disc gap with outer
radius 3-4 au allows the red-shifted H-alpha to be seen. This gap could be
induced by an unseen companion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97078 </DOCNO>
Rigidity at infinity for even-dimensional asymptotically complex


  Any Kaehler metric on the ball which is strongly asymptotic to complex
hyperbolic space and whose scalar curvature is no less than the one of the
complex hyperbolic space must be isometrically biholomorphic to it. This result
has been known for some time in odd complex dimension and we provide here a
proof in even dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97472 </DOCNO>
Semiinfinite symmetric powers


  We develop a theory of measures, differential forms and Fourier tramsforms on
some infinite-dimensional real vector spaces by generalizing the following two
constructions:
 (a) The construction of the semiinfinite wedge power of a Tate vector space V.
Recall that it is obtained as a certain double inductive limit of the exterior
algebras of finite-dimensional subquotients of V.
 (b) The construction of the space of measures on a nonarchimedean local field
K with maximal ideal M as a double projective limit of the spaces of measures
(=functions) on finite subquotients M^i/M^j of K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124337 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Small Scale Structure of N103B


  We present the preliminary results of a 40.8 ks Chandra ACIS observation of
the young supernova remnant (SNR) N103B located in the Large Magellanic Cloud.
The image reveals structure at the sub-arcsecond level, including several
bright knots and filamentary structures. The remnant has the characteristic
spectrum of a Type Ia SNR, containing strong lines of Fe, He-and H-like Si and
S, Ar, and Ca. Narrow band images reveal non-uniformities in the remnant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168277 </DOCNO>
Universal quantum processors with arbitrary radix n


  Here is discussed the Hamiltonian approach to construction of deterministic
universal (in approximate sense) programmable quantum circuits with qubits or
any other quantum systems with dimension of Hilbert space is $n \ge 2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149410 </DOCNO>
Superfluidity in the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  A chemical potential may be introduced into the AdS/CFT correspondence by
setting the D3 branes of the construction spinning. In the field theory the
fermionic modes are expected to condense as Cooper pairs, although at zero
temperature the chemical potential destabilizes the scalar sector of the N=4
theory obscuring this phenomena. We show, in the case where a chemical
potential is introduced for a small number of the gauge colours, that there is
a metastable vacuum for the scalar fields where fermionic Cooper pairing is
apparently manifest. In this vacuum the D3 branes expand non-commutatively (to
balance the centrifugal force) into a D5 brane, in a mechanism analogous to
Harmark and Savvidy's (M)atrix theory construction of a spinning D2 brane. We
show that the D5 brane acts as a source for the RR 3-form whose UV scaling and
symmetries are those of a fermion bilinear. The D5 brane rotates within the S^5
and so decays by the emission of RR fields which we interpret as the metastable
vacuum decaying via higher dimension operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129610 </DOCNO>
Deuterium Toward WD1634-573: Results from the Far Ultraviolet


  We use Far Ultraviolet Spectrocopic Explorer (FUSE) observations to study
interstellar absorption along the line of sight to the white dwarf WD1634-573
(d=37.1+/-2.6 pc). Combining our measurement of D I with a measurement of H I
from Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer data, we find a D/H ratio toward WD1634-573
of D/H=(1.6+/-0.5)e-5. In contrast, multiplying our measurements of D I/O
I=0.035+/-0.006 and D I/N I=0.27+/-0.05 with published mean Galactic ISM gas
phase O/H and N/H ratios yields D/H(O)=(1.2+/-0.2)e-5 and
D/H(N)=(2.0+/-0.4)e-5, respectively. Note that all uncertainties quoted above
are 2 sigma. The inconsistency between D/H(O) and D/H(N) suggests that either
the O I/H I and/or the N I/H I ratio toward WD1634-573 must be different from
the previously measured average ISM O/H and N/H values. The computation of
D/H(N) from D I/N I is more suspect, since the relative N and H ionization
states could conceivably vary within the LISM, while the O and H ionization
states will be more tightly coupled by charge exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86015 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations Induced by Space-Time Torsion


  The gravitational neutrino oscillation problem is studied by considering the
Dirac Hamiltonian in a Riemann-Cartan space-time and calculating the dynamical
phase. Torsion contributions which depend on the spin direction of the mass
eigenstates are found. These effects are of the order of Planck scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73433 </DOCNO>
The light baryon spectrum in a relativistic quark model with


  This is the second of a series of three papers treating light baryon
resonances up to 3 GeV within a relativistically covariant quark model based on
the three-fermion Bethe-Salpeter equation with instantaneous two- and
three-body forces. In this paper we apply the covariant Salpeter framework
(which we developed in the first paper) to specific quark model calculations.
Quark confinement is realized by a linearly rising three-body string potential
with appropriate spinorial structures in Dirac-space. To describe the hyperfine
structure of the baryon spectrum we adopt 't Hooft's residual interaction based
on QCD-instanton effects and demonstrate that the alternative
one-gluon-exchange is disfavored phenomenological grounds. Our fully
relativistic framework allows to investigate the effects of the full Dirac
structures of residual and confinement forces on the structure of the mass
spectrum. In the present paper we present a detailed analysis of the complete
non-strange baryon spectrum and show that several prominent features of the
nucleon spectrum such as e.g. the Roper resonance and approximate ''parity
doublets'' can be uniformly explained due to a specific interplay of
relativistic effects, the confinement potential and 't Hooft's force. The
results for the spectrum of strange baryons will be discussed in a subsequent
paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125585 </DOCNO>
Characteristic X-ray Variability of TeV Blazars: Probing the Link


  We have studied the rapid X-ray variability of three extragalactic TeV
gamma-ray sources; Mrk 421, Mrk 501 and PKS 2155-304. Analyzing the X-ray light
curves obtained from ASCA and/or RXTE observations between 1993 and 1998, we
have investigated the variability in the time domain from 10^3 to 10^8 sec. For
all three sources, both the power spectrum density (PSD) and the structure
function (SF) show a roll-over with a time-scale of the order of 1 day or
longer, which may be interpreted as the typical time-scale of successive flare
events. Although the exact shape of turn-over is not well constrained and the
low-frequency (long time-scale) behavior is still unclear, the high-frequency
(short time-scale) behavior is clearly resolved. We found that, on time-scales
shorter than 1 day, there is only small power in the variability, as indicated
by a steep power spectrum density of f^{-2~-3}. This is very different from
other types of mass-accreting black-hole systems for which the short time-scale
variability is well characterized by a fractal, flickering-noise PSD
(f^{-1~-2}). The steep PSD index and the characteristic time-scale of flares
imply that the X-ray emitting site in the jet is of limited spatial extent; D >
10^{17} cm distant from the base of the jet, which corresponds to > 100
Schwarzschild radii for 10^{7-10} M_solar black-hole systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96505 </DOCNO>
On the existence of rigid aleph_1-free abelian groups of cardinality


  An abelian group is said to be aleph_1-free if all its countable subgroups
are free. Our main result is:
  If R is a ring with R^+ free and |R|<lambda <= 2^{aleph_0}, then there exists
an aleph_1-free abelian group G of cardinality lambda with End(G)=R .
  A corollary to this theorem is: Indecomposable aleph_1-free abelian groups of
cardinality aleph_1 do exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1382 </DOCNO>
Grain boundary motion in layered phases


  We study the motion of a grain boundary that separates two sets of mutually
perpendicular rolls in Rayleigh-B\'enard convection above onset. The problem is
treated either analytically from the corresponding amplitude equations, or
numerically by solving the Swift-Hohenberg equation. We find that if the rolls
are curved by a slow transversal modulation, a net translation of the boundary
follows. We show analytically that although this motion is a nonlinear effect,
it occurs in a time scale much shorter than that of the linear relaxation of
the curved rolls. The total distance traveled by the boundary scales as
$\epsilon^{-1/2}$, where $\epsilon$ is the reduced Rayleigh number. We obtain
analytical expressions for the relaxation rate of the modulation and for the
time dependent traveling velocity of the boundary, and especially their
dependence on wavenumber. The results agree well with direct numerical
solutions of the Swift-Hohenberg equation. We finally discuss the implications
of our results on the coarsening rate of an ensemble of differently oriented
domains in which grain boundary motion through curved rolls is the dominant
coarsening mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4010 </DOCNO>
Two-stage spin-flop transitions in S = 1/2 antiferromagnetic spin chain


  Two-stage spin-flop transitions are observed the in quasi-one-dimensional
antiferromagnet, BaCu${}_2$Si${}_2$O${}_7$. A magnetic field applied along the
easy axis induces a spin-flop transition at 2.0 T followed by a second
transition at 4.9 T. The magnetic susceptibility indicates the presence of
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) antisymmetric interactions between the intrachain
neighboring spins. We discuss a possible mechanism whereby the geometrical
competition between DM and interchain interactions, as discussed for the
two-dimensional antiferromagnet La${}_2$CuO${}_4$, causes the two-stage
spin-flop transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124840 </DOCNO>
Genus statistics for galaxy clusters and nonlinear biasing of dark


  We derive an analytic formula of genus for dark matter halos assuming that
the primordial mass density field obeys the random-Gaussian statistics. In
particular, we for the first time take account of the nonlinear nature of the
halo biasing, in addition to the nonlinear gravitational evolution of the
underlying mass distribution. We examine in detail the extent to which the
predicted genus for halos depends on the redshift, smoothing scale of the
density field, and the mass of those halos in representative cold dark matter
models. In addition to the full model predictions, we derive an explicit
perturbation formula for the halo genus which can be applied to a wider class
of biasing model for dark matter halos. With the empirical relation between the
halo mass and the luminosity/temperature of galaxy clusters, our prediction can
be compared with the upcoming cluster redshift catalogues in optical and X-ray
bands. Furthermore, we discuss the detectability of the biasing and
cosmological model dependence from the future data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3656 </DOCNO>
Precise Tight-binding Description of the Band Structure of MgB2


  We present a careful recasting of first-principles band structure
calculations for MgB2 in a non-orthogonal sp-tight-binding (TB) basis. Our TB
results almost exactly reproduce our full potential linearized augmented plane
wave results for the energy bands, the densities of states and the total
energies. Our procedure generates transferable Slater-Koster parameters which
should be useful for other studies of this important material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123686 </DOCNO>
Globular cluster systems II: On the formation of old globular clusters


  We studied the metal-poor globular cluster (GC) populations of a large
variety of galaxies (47 galaxies spanning about 10mag in absolute brightness)
and compared their mean [Fe/H] with the properties of the host galaxies. The
mean [Fe/H] of the systems lie in the -1.65<[Fe/H]<-1.20 range (74% of the
population). Using only GC systems with more than 6 objects detected, 85% of
the population lie within -1.65<[Fe/H]<-1.20. The relation between the mean
[Fe/H] of the metal-poor GC systems and the Mv of their host galaxies presents
a very low slope which includes zero. An analysis of the correlation of the
mean [Fe/H] with other galaxy properties also leads to the conclusion that no
strong correlation exists. The lack of correlation suggests a formation of all
metal-poor GC in similar gas fragments. A weak correlation might exist between
mean [Fe/H] of the metal-poor GC and host galaxy metallicity. This would imply
that some fragments in which metal-poor GC formed were already embedded in the
larger dark matter halo of the final galaxy (as oppose to being independent
satellites that were accreted later). Our result suggests a homogeneous
formation of metal-poor GC in all galaxies, in typical fragments of masses
around 10^9-10^10 solar masses with very similar metallicities, compatible with
hierarchical formation scenarios for galaxies. We compared the mean [Fe/H] of
the metal-poor GC populations with the typical metallicities of high-z objects.
If we add the constraint that GC need a high column density of gas to form,
DLAs are the most likely sites for the formation of metal-poor GC populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73119 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos


  The general status of neutrino physics are given. The history of the
neutrino, starting from Pauli and Fermi, is presented. The phenomenological V-A
theory of the weak interaction and the unified theory of the weak and
electromagnetic interactions, the so-called Standard Model, are discussed. The
problems of of neutrino masses, neutrino mixing, and neutrino oscillations are
discussed in some details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4238 </DOCNO>
Cu Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Study of Site-Disorder and Chemical


  We report a zero-field Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) study on the
effects of nonmagnetic Sr substitution for high-Tc superconductors,
Y(Ba1-xSrx)2Cu4O8 (Tc=82-80 K for x=0-0.4), using a spin-echo technique. The
site-disordering and chemical pressure effects associated with doping Sr were
observed in the broadened, shifted Cu NQR spectra. Nevertheless, the site
disorder did not significantly affect the homogeneity of Cu electron spin
dynamics, in contrast to the in-plane impurity. The peak shift of Cu NQR
spectrum due to Sr was different between the chain- and the plane-Cu sites,
more remarkably than those under a hydrostatic physical pressure, suggesting
anisotropic or nonuniform local structural strains. The small decrease of Tc
due to Sr can be traced back to either a cancellation effect on Tc between the
disorder and the pressure, or an anisotropic or nonuniform chemical pressure
effect on Tc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1103 </DOCNO>
Structural Relaxation and Frequency Dependent Specific Heat in a


  We have studied the relation between the structural relaxation and the
frequency dependent thermal response or the specific heat, $c_p(\omega)$, in a
supercooled liquid.
 The Mode Coupling Theory (MCT) results are used to obtain
 $c_p(\omega)$ corresponding to different wavevectors. Due to the two-step
relaxation process present in the MCT, an extra peak, in addition to the low
frequency peak, is predicted in specific heat at high frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74589 </DOCNO>
Status of Hard Interactions (Jets and Heavy Flavor)


  We review the status of hard interactions, in particular of jet and heavy
flavor production, at HERA and LEP. Emphasis is given to recent theoretical
developments. Instantons, event shapes, and prompt photons are also briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81452 </DOCNO>
Probing the QCD vacuum with overlap fermions


  We use low lying eigenvectors of the overlap-Dirac operator as a probe of the
QCD vacuum. If instantons play a significant role one would expect the low
lying eigenmodes of the overlap-Dirac operator to consist mainly of the mixed
``would be zero modes''. Then, the eigenmodes should exhibit local chirality.
Studying a recently introduced local chirality parameter, we find evidence
supporting this picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128511 </DOCNO>
Optical Counterparts for 70,000 Radio Sources: APM Identifications for


  We describe a program to identify optical counterparts to radio sources from
the VLA FIRST survey using the Cambridge APM scans of the POSS-I plates. We use
radio observations covering 4150 square degrees of the north Galactic cap to a
20 cm flux density threshold of 1.0 mJy; the 382,892 sources detected all have
positional uncertainties of <1" (radius of 90% confidence). Our description of
the APM catalog, derived from the 148 POSS-I O and E plates covering this
region, includes an assessment of its astrometric and photometric accuracy, a
photometric recalibration using the Minnesota APS catalog, a discussion of the
classification algorithm, and quantitative tests of the catalog's reliability
and completeness. We go on to show how the use of FIRST sources as astrometric
standards allows us to improve the absolute astrometry of the POSS plates by
nearly an order of magnitude to ~0.15" rms. Matching the radio and optical
catalogs yields counterparts for over 70,000 radio sources; we include detailed
discussions of the reliability and completeness of these identifications as a
function of optical and radio morphology, optical magnitude and color, and
radio flux density. An analysis of the problem of radio sources with complex
morphologies (e.g., double-lobed radio galaxies) is included. We conclude with
a brief discussion of the source classes represented among the radio sources
with identified counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5755 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Quantum Phase Transition in an Array of Josephson Junctions


  We study the dynamics of the Mott insulator-superfluid quantum phase
transition in a periodic 1D array of Josephson junctions. We show that crossing
the critical point diabatically i.e. at a finite rate with a quench time
$\tau_Q$ induces finite quantum fluctuations of the current around the loop
proportional to $\tau_Q^{-1/6}$. This scaling could be experimentally verified
with in array of weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates or superconducting
grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98772 </DOCNO>
A Method to Tackle First Order Differential Equations with Liouvillian


  We present a semi-decision procedure to tackle first order differential
equations, with Liouvillian functions in the solution (LFOODEs). As in the case
of the Prelle-Singer procedure, this method is based on the knowledge of the
integrating factor structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128270 </DOCNO>
Topic Maps as a Virtual Observatory tool


  One major component of the VO will be catalogs measuring gigabytes and
terrabytes if not more. Some mechanism like XML will be used for structuring
the information. However, such mechanisms are not good for information
retrieval on their own. For retrieval we use queries. Topic Maps that have
started becoming popular recently are excellent for segregating information
that results from a query. A Topic Map is a structured network of hyperlinks
above an information pool. Different Topic Maps can form different layers above
the same information pool and provide us with different views of it. This
facilitates in being able to ask exact questions, aiding us in looking for gold
needles in the proverbial haystack. Here we discuss the specifics of what Topic
Maps are and how they can be implemented within the VO framework.
  URL: http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~aam/science/topicmaps/

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124471 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Structure, Theory and Statistics


  I review the standard paradigm for understanding the formation and evolution
of cosmic structure, based on the gravitational instability of dark matter, but
many variations on this basic theme are viable. Despite the great progress that
has undoubtedly been made, steps are difficult because of uncertainties in the
cosmological parameters, in the modelling of relevant physical processes
involved in galaxy formation, and perhaps most fundamentally in the
relationship between galaxies and the underlying distribution of matter. For
the foreseeable future, therefore, this field will be led by observational
developments allowing model parameters to be tuned and, hopefully, particular
scenarios falsified. In these lectures I focus on two ingredients in this class
of models: (i) the role of galaxy bias in interpreting clustering data; and
(ii) the statistical properties of the initial fluctuations. In the later case,
I discuss some ideas as to how the standard assumption - that the primordial
density fluctuations constitute a Gaussian random field - can be tested using
measurements galaxy clustering and the cosmic microwave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86582 </DOCNO>
Velocity-induced collapses of stable neutron stars


  The collapse of spherical neutron stars is studied in General Relativity. The
initial state is a stable neutron star to which an inward radial kinetic energy
has been added through some velocity profile. For two different equations of
state and two different shapes of velocity profiles, it is found that neutron
stars can collapse to black holes for high enough inward velocities, provided
that their masses are higher than some minimal value, depending on the equation
of state. For a polytropic equation of state of the form $p=K\rho^\gamma $,
with $\gamma = 2$ it is found to be $1.16 (\frac{K}{0.1})^{0.5} \msol$, whereas
for a more realistic one, it reads $0.36 \msol $. In some cases of collapse
forming a black hole, part of the matter composing the initial neutron star can
be ejected through a shock, leaving only a fraction of the initial mass to form
a black hole. Therefore, black holes of very small masses can be formed and, in
particular, the mass scaling relation, as a function of initial velocity, takes
the form discovered by Choptuik for critical collapses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98227 </DOCNO>
Null electromagnetic fields and relative CR embeddings


  This paper applies the notion of relative CR embeddings to study two related
questions. First, it answers negatively the question posed by Penrose whether
every shear-free null rotating congruence is analytic. Second, it proves that
given any shear-free null rotating congruence, there exists a null
electromagnetic field which is null with respect to the given congruence. In
the course of answering these questions, we introduce some new techniques for
studying null electromagnetic fields and shear-free congruences in general
based on the notion of a relative CR embedding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128692 </DOCNO>
Halpha Flares from V404 Cyg in Quiescence


  We present a spectrophotometric study of short-term optical variability in
the quiescent black hole X-ray transient V404 Cyg. This includes two nights of
high time-resolution Halpha spectroscopy with which we resolve much of the
time-variability, and a further six nights of archival spectroscopy with lower
time-resolution but higher spectral-resolution. We find significant variability
in most of the data considered, with both the Halpha line and the continuum
often varying in a correlated way. This includes both dramatic flares lasting a
few hours in which the line flux nearly doubles and lower-level flickering. The
strongest flares involve development of asymmetry in the line profile, with the
red wing usually strongest independent of orbital phase. It is unclear why this
is the case, but we discuss several possible explanations. We consider the
energetics of the flares and compare with plausible models including
chromospheric activity on the companion star, local magnetic reconnection
events within the disc and a varying irradiation from close to the black hole.
Based on the line profile changes during the flares, we conclude that the most
likely origin for the variability is variable photoionisation by the central
source, although local flares within the disc cannot be ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76811 </DOCNO>
Spacetime and vacuum as seen from Moscow


  An extended text of the talk given at the conference ``2001: A Spacetime
Odyssey'', to be published in the Proceedings of the Inaugural Conference of
the Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
21-25 May 2001, M.J. Duff and J.T. Liu eds., World Scientific, Singapore, 2002;
and of Historical Lecture ``Vacuum as seen from Moscow'' at the CERN Summer
School, 10 August, 2001. Contents: Introduction; Pomeranchuk on vacuum; Landau
on parity, P, and combined parity, CP; Search and discovery of $K_L^0 \to \pi^+
\pi^-$; "Mirror world"; Zeldovich and cosmological term; QCD vacuum
condensates; Sakharov and baryonic asymmetry of the universe, BAU; Kirzhnits
and phase transitions; Vacuum domain walls; Monopoles, strings, instantons, and
sphalerons; False vacuum; Inflation; Brane and Bulk; Acknowledgments;
References.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87069 </DOCNO>
A Varying-e Brane World Cosmology


  We study a varying electric charge brane world cosmology in the RS2 model
obtained from a varying-speed-of-light brane world cosmology by redefining the
system of units. We elaborate conditions under which the flatness problem and
the cosmological constant problem can be resolved by such cosmological model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114207 </DOCNO>
Achievable Luminosities at the THERA and LinacXLHC Based ep Colliders:


  Different limitations on luminosity of linac-ring type colliders coming from
beam dynamics issues are considered for the examples of the $ep$ options of the
THERA and LinacXLHC proposals. It is shown that $L=1.3\times 10^{31}$ for THERA
and $L=2.7\times 10^{32}$ for LinacXLHC can be achieved for round beams case.
Corresponding sets of parameters are given with the explanations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114522 </DOCNO>
A Gravitational Shielding Based on ZnS:Ag Phosphor


  It was shown that there is a practical possibility of gravity control on
electroluminescent (EL) materials (physics/0109060). We present here a type
Gravitational Shielding based on an EL phosphor namely zinc sulfide doped with
silver (ZnS:Ag) which can reduce the cost of the Gravitational Motor previously
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73395 </DOCNO>
Non-Newtonian gravity confronting models with large extra dimensions


  We discuss the interplay between direct constraints on non-Newtonian gravity
and particle-physics bounds in models with large extra dimensions. Existing and
future bounds and the most effective ways of further testing these models in
gravitational experiments are compared and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73258 </DOCNO>
On the effective light-cone QCD-Hamiltonian: Application to the pion and


  The effective interaction between a quark and an anti-quark as obtained
previously with by the method of iterated resolvents is replaced by the
up-down-model and applied to flavor off-diagonal mesons including the positive
pion. The only free parameters are the canonical ones, the coupling constant
and the masses of the quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167962 </DOCNO>
Two-particle correlations via quasi-deterministic analyzer model


  We introduce a quasi-deterministic eigenstate transition model of analyzers
in which the final eigenstate is selected by initial conditions. We combine
this analyzer model with causal spin coupling to calculate both proton-proton
and photon-photon correlations, one particle pair at a time. The calculated
correlations exceed the Bell limits and show excellent agreement with the
measured correlations of [M. Lamehi-Rachti and W. Mittig, Phys. Rev. D 14 (10),
2543 (1976)] and [ A. Aspect, P. Grangier and G. Rogers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 91
(1982)] respectively. We discuss why this model exceeds the Bell type limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6570 </DOCNO>
Weakly nonlocal irreversible thermodynamics - the Ginzburg-Landau


  The variational approach to weakly nonlocal thermodynamic theories is
critically revisited in the light of modern nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The
example of Ginzburg-Landau equation is investigated in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125707 </DOCNO>
The BOOMERANG North America Instrument: a balloon-borne bolometric


  We describe the BOOMERANG North America (BNA) instrument, a balloon-borne
bolometric radiometer designed to map the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
radiation with 0.3 deg resolution over a significant portion of the sky. This
receiver employs new technologies in bolometers, readout electronics,
millimeter-wave optics and filters, cryogenics, scan and attitude
reconstruction. All these subsystems are described in detail in this paper. The
system has been fully calibrated in flight using a variety of techniques which
are described and compared. It has been able to obtain a measurement of the
first peak in the CMB angular power spectrum in a single balloon flight, few
hours long, and was a prototype of the BOOMERANG Long Duration Balloon (BLDB)
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179454 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Matter Spectral Functions by Transport Theory


  Quantum transport theory is used to calculate the nucleon spectral function
in infinite nuclear matter. A self-consistent description is obtained by
utilizing the relations between collision rates and correlation functions.
Static and dynamical self-energies are taken into account in the single
particle propagators. The real parts of the non-static self-energy
contributions are calculated by dispersion theory thus conserving the
analyticity of momentum distributions. The transport theoretical spectral
functions, momentum distributions, occupation probabilities and responce
functions are in close agreement with results of variational and other
many-body theoretical calculations. The results indicate that the nucleon
spectral functions are determined only by the average short-range correlation
strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86050 </DOCNO>
The Phase Space Structure of Multi Particle Models in 2+1 Gravity


  What can we learn about quantum gravity from a simple toy model, without
actually quantizing it? The toy model consists of a finite number of point
particles, coupled to three dimensional Einstein gravity. It has finitely many
physical degrees of freedom. These are basically the relative positions of the
particles in spacetime and the conjugate momenta. The resulting reduced phase
space is derived from Einstein gravity as a topological field theory. The
crucial point is thereby that we do not make any a priori assumptions about
this phase space, except that the dynamics of the gravitational field is
defined by the Einstein Hilbert action. This already leads to some interesting
features of the reduced phase space, such as a non-commutative structure of
spacetime when the model is quantized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149610 </DOCNO>
SUSY Breaking by Stable non-BPS Walls


  A new simple mechanism for SUSY breaking is proposed due to the coexistence
of BPS domain walls. It is assumed that our world is on a BPS domain wall and
that the other BPS wall breaks the SUSY preserved by our wall. This mechanism
requires no messenger fields nor complicated SUSY breaking sector on any of the
walls. We obtain an ${\cal N}=1$ model in four dimensions which has an exact
solution of a stable non-BPS configuration of two walls. We propose that the
overlap of the wave functions of the N-G fermion and those of physical fields
provides a practical method to evaluate SUSY breaking mass splitting on our
wall thanks to a low-energy theorem. This is based on our recent works
hep-th/0009023 and hep-th/0107204.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98438 </DOCNO>
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces with values in


  Stochastic processes on topological vector spaces over non-Archimedean fields
and with transition measures having values in non-Archimedean fields are
defined and investigated. For this the non-Archimedean analog of the Kolmogorov
theorem is proved. The analogos of Markov and Poisson processes are studied.
For Poisson processes the corresponding Poisson measures are considered and the
non-Archimedean analog of the L\`evy theorem is proved. Wide classes of
stochastic processes are constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 238 </DOCNO>
Mott-Superfluid transition in bosonic ladders


  We show that in a commensurate bosonic ladder, a quantum phase transition
occurs between a Mott insulator and a superfluid when interchain hopping
increases. We analyse the properties of such a transition as well as the
physical properties of the two phases. We discuss the physical consequences for
experimental systems such as Josephson Junction arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123913 </DOCNO>
Pair Multiplicities and Pulsar Death


  Through a simple model of particle acceleration and pair creation above the
polar caps of rotation-powered pulsars, we calculate the height of the
pair-formation front (PFF) and the dominant photon emission mechanism for the
pulsars in the Princeton catalog. We find that for most low- and moderate-field
pulsars, the height of the pair formation front and the final Lorentz factor of
the primary beam is set by nonresonant inverse Compton scattering (NRICS), in
the Klein-Nishina limit. NRICS is capable of creating pairs over a wide range
of pulsar parameters without invoking a magnetic field more complicated than a
centered dipole, although we still require a reduced radius of curvature for
most millisecond pulsars. For short-period pulsars, the dominant process is
curvature radiation, while for extremely high-field pulsars, it is resonant
inverse Compton scattering (RICS). The dividing point between NRICS dominance
and curvature dominance is very temperature-dependent; large numbers of pulsars
dominated by NRICS at a stellar temperature of $10^6$ K are dominated by
curvature at $10^5$ K. We apply these results to pulsar death-line calculations
and to the issue of particle injection into the Crab Nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98184 </DOCNO>
A symplectic slice theorem


  We provide a model for an open invariant neighborhood of any orbit in a
symplectic manifold endowed with a canonical proper symmetry. Our results
generalize the constructions of Marle and Guillemin and Sternberg for canonical
symmetries that have an associated momentum map. In these papers the momentum
map played a crucial role in the construction of the tubular model. The present
work shows that in the construction of the tubular model it can be used the so
called Chu map instead, which exists for any canonical action, unlike the
momentum map. Hamilton's equations for any invariant Hamiltonian function take
on a particularly simple form in these tubular variables. As an application we
will find situations, that we will call tubewise Hamiltonian, in which the
existence of a standard momentum map in invariant neighborhoods is guaranteed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123908 </DOCNO>
Mapping the inner accretion disk of the galactic black hole J1550-564


  We study the spectral properties of the first 14 observations of the rise to
outburst phase of the X-ray transient J1550-564. Using the PCA and HEXTE
instruments, we find that the 3-200 keV spectra smoothly pass from a standard
low/hard state to a very high state. The classic high state is never
encountered possibly indicating that it is not a phenomenon of the rise phase.
We find that the individual PCA spectra can be fitted adequately by a disk
black body and a thermal Comptonization model which includes reflection. Once
the very high state is reached there is clear spectral curvature of the
continuum which possibly indicates the presence of a composite
thermal/non-thermal plasma. Detailed modelling of the reflection parameters
shows a sharp increase in mean ionization at the onset of the transition
between the low state and very high state. There is a related variability in
the reflected fraction but its exact value depends on the continuum model used.
We can constrain the inner radius using relativistic smearing and while there
are large uncertainties, the data are incompatible with a disk extending to the
last stable orbit in either state. Since the system is on the rise to outburst,
the disk instability models strongly imply that there is no standard inner disk
at the time the low state spectrum is observed. This is compatible with a
truncated disk, filled by an X-ray hot, advection dominated accretion flow.
However, magnetic flares above the outbursting disk can also match the observed
spectra once the effects of either outflow and/or strong photoionization of the
surface of the disk are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124861 </DOCNO>
Faint End of the Galaxy Luminosity Function: A Chronometer for Structure


  There is accumulating evidence that the faint end of the galaxy luminosity
function might be very different in different locations. The luminosity
function might be sharply rising in rich clusters and flat or declining in
regions of low density. If galaxies form according to the model of hierarchical
clustering then there should be many small halos compared to the number of big
halos. If this theory is valid then there must be a mechanism that eliminates
at least the visible component of galaxies in low density regions. A plausible
mechanism is photoionization of the intergalactic medium at a time before the
epoch of galaxy formation in low density regions but after the epoch of
formation for systems that ultimately end up in rich clusters. The dynamical
timescales are found to accommodate this hypothesis in a flat universe with
Omega_m < 0.4.
  If this idea has validity, then upon surveying a variety of environments it
is expected that a dichotomy will emerge. There should be a transition between
high density / high frequency of dwarfs to lower density / low frequency of
dwarfs. This transition should ultimately be understood by the matching of
three timing considerations: (i) the collapse timescale of the transition
density, (ii) the timescale of reionization, and (iii) the linkage given by the
cosmic expansion timescale as controlled by the dark matter and dark energy
content of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127852 </DOCNO>
The morphological and dynamical evolution of simulated galaxy clusters


  We explore the morphological and dynamical evolution of galaxy clusters in
simulations using scalar and vector-valued Minkowski valuations and the concept
of fundamental plane relations. In this context, three questions are of
fundamental interest: 1. How does the average cluster morphology depend on the
cosmological background model? 2. Is it possible to discriminate between
different cosmological models using cluster substructure in a statistically
significant way? 3. How is the dynamical state of a cluster, especially its
distance from a virial equilibrium, correlated to its visual substructure? To
answer these questions, we quantify cluster substructure using a set of
morphological order parameters constructed on the basis of the Minkowski
valuations (MVs). The dynamical state of a cluster is described using global
cluster parameters: in certain spaces of such parameters fundamental band-like
structures are forming indicating the emergence of a virial equilibrium. We
find that the average distances from these fundamental structures are
correlated to the average amount of cluster substructure for our cluster
samples during the time evolution. Furthermore, significant differences show up
between the high- and the low-Omega models. We pay special attention to the
redshift evolution of morphological characteristics and find large differences
between the cosmological models even for higher redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 367 </DOCNO>
Heap-based algorithm for one-dimensional particle systems


  A fast algorithm to study one-dimensional self-gravitating systems, and, more
generally, systems that are Lagrangian integrable between collisions, is
presented. The algorithm is event-driven, and uses a heap-ordered set of
predicted future events. In the limit of large number of particles $N$, the
operation count is dominated by the cost of reordering the heap after each
event, which goes asymptotically as $\log N$. Some applications are discussed
in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85968 </DOCNO>
On Some Exponential Potentials for a Cosmological Scalar Field as


  We present general exact solutions for two classes of exponential potentials
in scalar field models for quintessence. The coupling is minimal and we
consider only dust and scalar field. To some extent, it is possible to
reproduce experimental results from supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 667 </DOCNO>
Nanodomain Structure and Function in HTSC


  The causes of high-temperature superconductivity (HTSC) are still mysterious,
although more than 50,000 experiments have studied this subject. The most
severe test of any microscopic theory is generally considered to be its ability
to predict the results of future experiments. Here we examine recent
(99-01)studies of BSCCO films by STM, which have revealed nanodomain structure
on a scale of 3 nm which is closely correlated with both superconductive gaps
and pseudogaps. This structure and these correlations were predicted as part of
a discrete filamentary model of HTSC in 90. The nanodomain diameter of 3 nm was
identified in experiments on YBCO in 96. While none of the experiments can
directly establish causes, in the predictive theoretical model it was proposed
that the underlying forces generating the nanostructure are ferroelastic. It
was also predicted that the strong correlations of the superconductive gap and
pseudogap electronic structure with nanostructure are the result of dopant
self-organization. Here we describe a new method of preparing boride alloys,
and we predict that it may produce materials with Tc ~ 150K or more.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1334 </DOCNO>
Growth mechanism of superconducting MgB2 films prepared by various


  The growth mechanisms of MgB2 films obtained by different methods on various
substrates are compared via a detailed cross-sectional scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) study. The analyzed films include (a) samples obtained by an
ex-situ post-anneal at 900 degree of e-beam evaporated boron in the presence of
an Mg vapor (exhibiting bulk-like Tc0 about 38.8 K), (b) samples obtained by
the same ex-situ 900 degree anneal of pulsed laser deposition (PLD)-grown Mg+B
precursors (exhibiting Tc0 ~ 25 K), and (c) films obtained by a low-temperature
(600 - 630 degree) in-situ anneal of PLD-grown Mg+B precursors (with Tc0 about
24 K). A significant oxygen contamination was also present in films obtained
from a PLD-grown precursors. On the other hand, it is clearly observed that the
films obtained by the high-temperature reaction of e-beam evaporated B with Mg
vapor are formed by the nucleation of independent MgB2 grains at the film
surface, indicating that this approach may not be suitable to obtain smooth and
(possibly) epitaxial films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149461 </DOCNO>
A brane in five-dimensional Minkowski space


  We discuss the propagation of gravity in five-dimensional Minkowski space in
the presence of a four-dimensional brane. We show that there exists a solution
to the wave equation that leads to a propagator exhibiting four-dimensional
behavior at low energies (long distances) with five-dimensional effects showing
up as corrections at high energies (short distances). We compare our results
with propagators derived in previous analyses exhibiting five-dimensional
behavior at low energies. We show that different solutions correspond to
different physical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113788 </DOCNO>
Observation of absorptive photon switching by quantum interference


  We report an experimental demonstration of photon switching by quantum
interference in a four-level atomic system proposed by Harris and Yamamoto
(Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3611 (1998)). Quantum interference inhibits single-photon
absorption but enhances third-order, two-photon type absorption in the
four-level system. We have observed greatly enhanced nonlinear absorption in
the four-level system realized with cold 87Rb atoms and demonstrated fast
switching of the nonlinear absorption with a pulsed pump laser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4435 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Quantum Melting of the Quasi-Two-Dimensional Vortex Lattice


  In a recent Letter Mola et al. \cite{mola} reported magnetization
measurements $M(H,\theta)$ performed on the organic superconductor
$\kappa-$(ET)$_2$Cu(NCS)$_2 (T_c = 9.1$ K) as a function of the magnetic field
$H$ applied at different angles $\theta$ with respect to the $a$-axis
direction. The results \cite{mola} demonstrate:
  (a) the occurrence of pronounced irreversible magnetization $M_{\rm irr}(H)$
jumps and (b) their sudden cessation for $H \ge H_m(T,\theta)$. The boundary
line $H_m(T)$ has been interpreted by Mola et al. as the Q2D vortex lattice
(VL) quantum melting phase transition line \cite{mola}. The purpose of this
comment is to show that the results can be understood in a simple way without
invoking "quantum melting phase transition".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 227 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical description of transport through superconducting contacts


  We present a theoretical study of transport properties through
superconducting contacts based on a new formulation of boundary conditions that
mimics interfaces for the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity. These
boundary conditions are based on a description of an interface in terms of a
simple Hamiltonian. We show how this Hamiltonian description is incorporated
into quasiclassical theory via a T-matrix equation by integrating out
irrelevant energy scales right at the onset. The resulting boundary conditions
reproduce results obtained by conventional quasiclassical boundary conditions,
or by boundary conditions based on the scattering approach. This formalism is
well suited for the analysis of magnetically active interfaces as well as for
calculating time-dependent properties such as the current-voltage
characteristics or as current fluctuations in junctions with arbitrary
transmission and bias voltage. This approach is illustrated with the
calculation of Josephson currents through a variety of superconducting
junctions ranging from conventional to d-wave superconductors, and to the
analysis of supercurrent through a ferromagnetic nanoparticle. The calculation
of the current-voltage characteristics and of noise is applied to the case of a
contact between two d-wave superconductors. In particular, we discuss the use
of shot noise for the measurement of charge transferred in a multiple Andreev
reflection in d-wave superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41474 </DOCNO>
Color Transparency via Coherent Exclusive rho Production


  We examine the potential of the COMPASS experiment at CERN to study color
transparency via exclusive coherent vector meson production in hard
muon-nucleus scattering. It is demonstrated that COMPASS has high sensitivity
to test this important prediction of perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127689 </DOCNO>
Scientific Potential of Enhancing the Integral-Field Spectrometer SPIFFI


  SPIFFI is the near-infrared integral-field spectrometer for the VLT. Assisted
by the SINFONI adaptive optics module, the instrument will be offered to the
astronomical community in 2004. We outline the scientific rationale for
infrared integral-field spectroscopy at the VLT, and specifically for the
enhancement of SPIFFI with a larger detector and higher spectral resolution
gratings. We give examples of a broad variety of astronomical research which
will gain specifically from the high angular and spectral resolution provided
by SPIFFI, including studies of high red-shift galaxies, merging galaxies,
starburst galaxies, superstar clusters, galactic nuclei, extra-solar planets,
and circum-stellar discs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3157 </DOCNO>
Statistics of nested spiral self-avoiding loops: exact results on the


  The statistics of nested spiral self-avoiding loops, which is closely related
to the partition of integers into decreasing parts, is studied on the square
and triangular lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97883 </DOCNO>
Affine structures on filiform Lie algebras


  In this note we prove that every non characteristically filiform Lie algebras
admit an affine structure

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86350 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models with Flat Slices Generated from the


  A family of cosmological models is considered which in a certain synchronized
system of reference possess flat slices t = const. They are generated from the
Einstein-de Sitter universe by a suitable transformation. Under physically
reasonable presumptions these transformed models fulfil certain energy
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96715 </DOCNO>
Analyses of a Yang-Mills field over the three-level quantum systems


  Utilizing a number of results of Dittmann, we investigate the nature of the
Yang-Mills field over the eight-dimensional convex set, endowed with the Bures
metric, of three-level quantum systems. Adopting a numerical strategy, we first
decompose the field into self-dual and anti-self-dual components, by
implementing the octonionic equations of Corrigan, Devchand, Fairlie and Nuyts.
For each of these three fields, we obtain approximations to: (1) the Yang-Mills
functional; (2) certain quantities studied by Bilge, Dereli, and Kocak in their
analysis of self-dual Yang-Mills fields in eight dimensions; and (3) other
measures of interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124834 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Dark-Matter Dominated Cosmological Halos


  Adaptive SPH and N-body simulations were carried out to study the evolution
of the equilibrium structure of dark matter halos that result from the
gravitational instability and fragmentation of cosmological pancakes. Such
halos resemble those formed by hierarchical clustering from realistic initial
conditions in a CDM universe and, therefore, serve as a test-bed model for
studying halo dynamics. The dark matter density profile is close to the
universal halo profile identified previously from N-body simulations of
structure formation in CDM, with a total mass and concentration parameter which
grow linearly with scale factor a. When gas is included, this concentration
parameter is slightly larger than the pure N-body result. We also find that the
dark matter velocity distribution is less isotropic and more radial than found
by N-body simulations of CDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97329 </DOCNO>
Diophantine Quadruples and Cayley's Hyperdeterminant


  A famous problem posed by Diophantus was to find sets of distinct positive
rational numbers such that the product of any two is one less than a rational
square. Such Diophantine sets have been used to construct high rank elliptic
curves. Here I demonstrate a link with Cayley's hyperdeterminants which
provides a fruitful generalisation of Diophantine quadruples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96890 </DOCNO>
Some Remarks on the Distribution of twin Primes


  The computer data up to $2^{44}\approx 1.76\times 10^{13}$ on the gaps
between consecutive twins is presented. The simple derivation of the heuristic
formula describing computer results contained in the recent papers by P.F.Kelly
and T.Pilling \cite{Kelly1}, \cite{Kelly2} is provided and compared with the
``experimental'' values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129081 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae


  Planetary nebulae (PNe) can be used to trace intermediate and old stellar
populations in galaxies and the intracluster medium out to approximately 20
Mpc. PNe can be easily identified with narrow-band surveys, and their chemical
abundances and radial velocities can be measured with multi-slit or multi-fiber
spectrographs. We briefly review what has been accomplished to date, and
include tables (with references) that summarize the observations of PNe in 42
galaxies and in the intracluster media of the Virgo and Fornax clusters. The
surveys for intracluster PNe suggest that between 20% and 50% of the clusters'
total stellar mass is in the intracluster medium! We illustrate the utility of
PNe for dynamical studies by presenting results from a recently completed
survey of Cen A (NGC 5128) with the NOAO mosaic camera on the CTIO 4-m
telescope. The PNe and globular cluster surveys extend respectively to
distances of 80 Kpc and 50 Kpc. We compare the kinematics of the stars in Cen A
(736 PN velocities) to the kinematics of the red and blue globular clusters
(188 clusters with measured velocities). The latter include 125 newly confirmed
globular clusters from our survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128750 </DOCNO>
The influence of dust properties on the mass loss in pulsating AGB stars


  We are currently studying carbon based dust types of relevance for
carbon-rich AGB stars, to obtain a better understanding of the influence of the
optical and chemical properties of the grains on the mass loss of the star. An
investigation of the complex interplay between hydrodynamics,radiative transfer
and chemistry has to be based on a better knowledge of the micro-physics of the
relevant dust species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123607 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Lithium in the Milky Way


  We adopt up-to-date 7Li yields from asymptotic giant branch stars in order to
study the temporal evolution of this element in the solar neighbourhood.
Several lithium stellar sources are considered besides the AGBs: Type II
supernovae, novae, low-mass giants. Galactic cosmic ray nucleosynthesis is
taken into account as well. We conclude that AGB stars do not substantially
contribute to 7Li enrichment on a Galactic scale. Therefore, a significant 7Li
production from novae and low-mass stars is needed to explain the late, steep
rise of the 7Li abundance in disk stars and the meteoritic 7Li abundance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75013 </DOCNO>
Axially asymmetric fermion scattering off electroweak phase transition


  We show that in the presence of large scale primordial hypermagnetic fields,
it is possible to generate an axial asymmetry for a first order electroweak
phase transition. This happens during the reflection and transmission of
fermions off the true vacuum bubbles, due to the chiral nature of the fermion
coupling with the background field in the symmetric phase. We derive and solve
the Dirac equation for such fermions and compute the reflection and
transmission coefficients for the case when these fermions move from the
symmetric to the symmetry broken phase. We also comment on the possible
implications of such axial charge segregation processes for baryon number
generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83735 </DOCNO>
Enhancing Constraint Propagation with Composition Operators


  Constraint propagation is a general algorithmic approach for pruning the
search space of a CSP. In a uniform way, K. R. Apt has defined a computation as
an iteration of reduction functions over a domain. He has also demonstrated the
need for integrating static properties of reduction functions (commutativity
and semi-commutativity) to design specialized algorithms such as AC3 and DAC.
We introduce here a set of operators for modeling compositions of reduction
functions. Two of the major goals are to tackle parallel computations, and
dynamic behaviours (such as slow convergence).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76109 </DOCNO>
Lepton flavour-changing Scalar Interactions and Muon g-2


  A systematic investigation on muon anomalous magnetic moment and related
lepton flavour-violating process such as $\m\to e\g$, $\t\to e\g$ and $\t\to
\m\g$ is made at the two loop level in the models with flavour-changing scalar
interactions. The two loop diagrams with double scalar exchanges are studied
and their contributions are found to be compatible with the ones from Barr-Zee
diagram. By comparing with the current data, the allowed ranges for the
relevant Yukawa couplings $Y_{ij}$ in lepton sector are obtained. The results
show a hierarchical structure of $Y_{\m e, \t e} \ll Y_{\m\t}\simeq Y_{\m\m}$
in the physical basis, which deviates from the widely used ansatz in which the
off diagonal elements are proportional to the square root of the products of
related fermion masses. An alternative Yukawa coupling matrix in the lepton
sector is suggested to understand the current data. With such a reasonable
Yukawa coupling ansatz, the decay rate of $\t\to \m\g$ is found to be near the
current experiment upper bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124939 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulations of Relativistic Shock Acceleration


  We review the present status of the cosmic ray acceleration theory in mildly
relativistic shock waves. Due to the involved substantial particle anisotropies
analytical methods can tackle only simple situations involving weakly turbulent
conditions near the shock. The numerical Monte Carlo methods are used to study
the acceleration process in more general conditions. Contrary to
non-relativistic shocks, the cosmic ray spectra at relativistic shock waves
depend substantially on the magnetic field configurations and turbulence
spectra. Depending on these conditions both very flat and very steep spectra
can be created, with the characteristic acceleration time scales changing
non-monotonously with the turbulence amplitude. Thus, the discussed theory is
not able to uniquely explain the observed synchrotron spectra of relativistic
shocks. We also mention an interesting possibility of particle acceleration at
incompressible flow discontinuities (shear layers) at boundaries of
relativistic jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98494 </DOCNO>
Finite order formulation of Vinogradov's C-spectral sequence


  The C-spectral sequence was introduced by Vinogradov in the late Seventies as
a fundamental tool for the study of algebro-geometric properties of jet spaces
and differential equations. A spectral sequence arise from the contact
filtration of the modules of forms on jet spaces of a fibring (or on a
differential equation). In order to avoid serious technical difficulties, the
order of the jet space is not fixed, i. e., computations are performed on
spaces containing forms on jet spaces of any order.
  In this paper we show that there exists a formulation of Vinogradov's
C-spectral sequence in the case of finite order jet spaces of a fibred
manifold. We compute all cohomology groups of the finite order C-spectral
sequence. We obtain a finite order variational sequence which is shown to be
naturally isomorphic with Krupka's finite order variational sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72718 </DOCNO>
Domain walls and flow equations in supergravity


  Domain wall solutions have attracted much attention due to their relevance
for brane world scenarios and the holographic RG flow. In this talk I discuss
the following aspects for these applications: (i) derivation of the first order
flow equations as Bogomol'nyi bound; (ii) different types of critical points of
the superpotential; (iii) the superpotential needed to localize gravity; (iv)
the constraints imposed by supersymmetry including an example for an $N$=1 flow
and finally (v) sources and exponential trapping of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150091 </DOCNO>
Non-Linear Sigma Model on Conifolds


  Explicit solutions to the conifold equations with complex dimension $n=3,4$
in terms of {\it{complex coordinates (fields)}} are employed to construct the
Ricci-flat K\"{a}hler metrics on these manifolds. The K\"{a}hler 2-forms are
found to be closed. The complex realization of these conifold metrics are used
in the construction of 2-dimensional non-linear sigma model with the conifolds
as target spaces. The action for the sigma model is shown to be bounded from
below. By a suitable choice of the 'integration constants', arising in the
solution of Ricci flatness requirement, the metric and the equations of motion
are found to be {\it{non-singular}}. As the target space is Ricci flat, the
perturbative 1-loop counter terms being absent, the model becomes topological.
The inherent U(1) fibre over the base of the conifolds is shown to correspond
to a gauge connection in the sigma model.
  The same procedure is employed to construct the metric for the resolved
conifold, in terms of complex coordinates and the action for a non-linear sigma
model with resolved conifold as target space, is found to have a minimum value,
which is topological. The metric is expressed in terms of the six real
coordinates and compared with earlier works. The harmonic function, which is
the warp factor in Type II-B string theory, is obtained and the ten-dimensional
warped metric has the $AdS_{5}\times X_{5}$ geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4584 </DOCNO>
Thermal transport in the Falicov-Kimball model


  We prove the Jonson-Mahan theorem for the thermopower of the Falicov-Kimball
model by solving explicitly for the correlation functions in the large
dimensional limit. We prove a similar result for the thermal conductivity. We
separate the results for thermal transport into the pieces of the heat current
that arise from the kinetic energy and those that arise from the potential
energy. Our method of proof is specific to the Falicov-Kimball model, but
illustrates the near cancellations between the kinetic-energy and
potential-energy pieces of the heat current implied by the Jonson-Mahan
theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2423 </DOCNO>
Mechanical properties and formation mechanisms of a wire of single gold


  A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) supplemented with a force sensor is
used to study the mechanical properties of a novel metallic nanostructure: a
freely suspended chain of single gold atoms. We find that the bond strength of
the nanowire is about twice that of a bulk metallic bond. We perform ab initio
calculations of the force at chain fracture and compare quantitatively with
experimental measurements. The observed mechanical failure and nanoelastic
processes involved during atomic wire fabrication are investigated using
molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and we find that the total effective
stiffness of the nanostructure is strongly affected by the detailed local
atomic arrangement at the chain bases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72661 </DOCNO>
Instanton molecules at high temperature - the Georgi-Glashow model and


  We show that correlators of some local operators in gauge theories are
sensitive to the presence of the instantons even at high temperature where the
latter are bound into instanton-anti-instanton "molecules". We calculate
correlation functions of such operators in the deconfined phase of the 2+1
dimensional Georgi-Glashow model and discuss analogous quantities in the
chirally symmetric phase of QCD. We clarify the mechanism by which the
instanton-anti-instanton molecules contribute to the anomaly of axial U(1) at
high temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41633 </DOCNO>
Strangeness-changing scalar form factors


  We derive expressions for strangeness-changing scalar form factors, which
incorporate known theoretical constraints both at low and high energies. Their
leading behaviour in the limit of a large number of colours is calculated from
the resonance chiral Lagrangian. A set of short-distance constraints on the
scalar resonance couplings is obtained, imposing the form factors to vanish at
infinite momentum transfer. Making use of previous results on S-wave KPi
scattering [1], and a coupled--channel dispersion-relation analysis, the KPi,
KEta and KEta' scalar form factors are calculated up to 2 GeV. These scalar
form factors are a key ingredient in the determination of the corresponding
scalar spectral function which is important in the extraction of the mass of
the strange quark from QCD sum rules as well as hadronic tau decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125655 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Plane of Spiral Galaxies: Theoretical Expectations


  Current theory of disk galaxy formation is used to study fundamental-plane
(FP) type of relations for disk galaxies. We examine how the changes in model
parameters affect these relations and explore the possibility of using such
relations to constrain theoretical models. The distribution of galaxy disks in
the space of their fundamental properties are predicted to be concentrated in a
plane, with the Tully-Fisher (TF) relation (a relation between luminosity $L$
and maximum rotation velocity $V_m$) being an almost edge-on view. Using
rotation velocities at larger radii generally leads to larger TF scatter. In
searching for a third parameter, we find that both the disk scale-length $R_d$
(or surface brightness) and the rotation-curve shape are correlated with the TF
scatter. The FP relation in the $(\Log L, \Log V_m, \Log R_d)$-space obtained
from the theory is $L\propto R_d^{\alpha'} V_m^{\beta'}$, with ${\alpha'}\sim
0.50$ and ${\beta'}\sim 2.60$, consistent with the preliminary result we obtain
from observational data. Among the model parameters we probe, variation in any
of them can generate significant scatter in the TF relation, but the effects of
the spin parameter and halo concentration can be reduced significantly by
introducing $R_d$ while the scatter caused by varying $m_d$ (the ratio between
disk mass and halo mass) is most effectively reduced by introducing the
parameters which describes the rotation-curve shape. The TF and FP relations
combined should therefore provide useful constraints on models of galaxy
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95580 </DOCNO>
h-cobordisms between 1-connected 4-manifolds


  In this note we classify the diffeomorphism classes rel. boundary of smooth
h-cobordisms between two fixed 1-connected 4-manifolds in terms of isometries
between the intersection forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73854 </DOCNO>
Braneworld Flattening by a Cosmological Constant


  We present a model with an infinite volume bulk in which a braneworld with a
cosmological constant evolves to a static, 4-dimensional Minkowski spacetime.
This evolution occurs for a generic class of initial conditions with positive
energy densities. The metric everywhere outside the brane is that of a
5-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, where the effect of the brane is the
creation of a frame with a varying speed of light. This fact is encoded in the
structure of the 4-dimensional graviton propagator on the braneworld, which may
lead to some interesting Lorentz symmetry violating effects. In our framework
the cosmological constant problem takes a different meaning since the flatness
of the Universe is guaranteed for an arbitrary negative cosmological constant.
Instead constraints on the model come from different concerns which we discuss
in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3225 </DOCNO>
Percolation, Renormalization and the Quantum-Hall Transition


  In this article, I give a pedagogical introduction and overview of
percolation theory. Special emphasis will be put on the review of some of the
most prominent of the algorithms that have been devised to study percolation
numerically. At the central stage shall be the real-space renormalization group
treatment of the percolation problem. As a rather novel application of this
approach to percolation, I will review recent results using similar real-space
renormalization ideas that have been applied to the quantum Hall transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86066 </DOCNO>
Liouville Lost, Liouville Regained: Central Charge in a Dynamical


  Several recent approaches to black hole entropy obtain the density of states
from the central charge of a Liouville theory. If Liouville theory is coupled
to a dynamical spacetime background, however, the classical central charge
vanishes. I show that the central charge can be restored by introducing
appropriate constraints, which may be interpreted as fall-off conditions at a
boundary such as a black hole horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5698 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional metal in a parallel magnetic field


  We have investigated the effect of an in plane parallel magnetic field (B_||)
on two high mobility metallic-like dilute two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG)
systems in GaAs quantum wells. The experiments reveal that, while suppressing
the magnitude of the low temperature resistance drop, B_|| does not affect E_a,
the characteristic energy scale of the metallic resistance drop. The field B_c
at which the metallic-like resistance drop vanishes is dependent on both the
width of quantum well and the orientation of B_||. It is unexpected that E_a is
unaffected by B_|| up to Bc depite that the Zeeman energy at B_c is roughly
equal to E_a.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41374 </DOCNO>
Evidence for the Electroweak Penguin Decay $B \to


  We report a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decay $B \to X_{s}
\ell^{+} \ell^{-}$ using a 29.5 fb$^{-1}$ data sample accumulated at the
$\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^{+}e^{-}$
storage ring. We observe evidence for $B\to K\mu^+\mu^-$ and report the
preliminary branching fraction of ${\cal B}(B \to K \mu^{+} \mu^{-}) =
  (0.99^{+0.39}_{-0.32}^{+0.13}_{-0.15}) \times 10^{-6}$. We also set the
following 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions for
exclusive and inclusive decays, ${\cal B}(B \to K e^{+} e^{-}) < 1.2 \times
10^{-6}$, ${\cal B}(B \to K^*(892) e^{+} e^{-}) < 5.1 \times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal
B}(B \to K^*(892) \mu^{+} \mu^{-}) < 3.0 \times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal B}(B \to X_{s}
e^{+} e^{-}) < 10.1 \times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal B}(B \to X_{s} \mu^{+} \mu^{-}) <
19.1 \times 10^{-6}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74391 </DOCNO>
Parameter-Free Calculation of the Solar Proton Fusion Rate in Effective


  Spurred by the recent complete determination of the weak currents in
two-nucleon systems up to ${\cal O}(Q^3)$ in heavy-baryon chiral perturbation
theory, we carry out a parameter-free calculation of the solar proton fusion
rate in an effective field theory that combines the merits of the standard
nuclear physics method and systematic chiral expansion. Using the tritium
beta-decay rate as an input to fix the only unknown parameter in the effective
Lagrangian, we can evaluate with drastically improved precision the ratio of
the two-body contribution to the well established one-body contribution; the
ratio is determined to be (0.86\pm 0.05) %. This result is essentially
independent of the cutoff parameter for a wide range of its variation (500 MeV
\le \Lambda \le 800 MeV), a feature that substantiates the consistency of the
calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125919 </DOCNO>
Future Supernovae observations as a probe of dark energy


  We study the potential impact of improved future supernovae data on our
understanding of the dark energy problem. We carefully examine the relative
utility of different fitting functions that can be used to parameterize the
dark energy models, and provide concrete reasons why a particular choice (based
on a parameterization of the equation of state) is better in almost all cases.
We discuss the details of a representative sample of dark energy models and
show how future supernova observations could distinguish among these. As a
specific example, we consider the proposed ``SNAP'' satellite which is planned
to observe around 2000 supernovae. We show how a SNAP-class data set taken
alone would be a powerful discriminator among a family of models that would be
approximated by a constant equation of state for the most recent epoch of
cosmic expansion. We show how this family includes most of the dark energy
models proposed so far. We then show how an independent measurement of
$\Omega_{\rm m}$ can allow SNAP to probe the evolution of the equation of state
as well, allowing further discrimination among a larger class of proposed dark
energy models. We study the impact of the satellite design parameters on this
method to distinguish the models and compare SNAP to alternative measurements.
We establish that if we exploit the full precision of SNAP it provides a very
powerful probe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2966 </DOCNO>
Wigner quasi-distribution function for charged particles in classical


  A gauge-invariant Wigner quasi-distribution function for charged particles in
classical electromagnetic fields is derived in a rigorous way. Its relation to
the axial gauge is discussed, as well as the relation between the kinetic and
canonical momenta in the Wigner representation. Gauge-invariant quantum analogs
of Hamilton-Jacobi and Boltzmann kinetic equations are formulated for arbitrary
classical electromagnetic fields in terms of the "slashed" derivatives and
momenta, introduced for this purpose. The kinetic meaning of these slashed
quantities is discussed. We introduce gauge-invariant conditional moments and
use them to derive a kinetic momentum continuity equation. This equation
provides us with a hydrodynamic representation for quantum transport processes
and a definition of the "collision force". The hydrodynamic equation is applied
for the rotation part of the electron motion. The theory is illustrated by its
application in three examples. These are: Wigner quasi-distribution function
and equations for an electron in a magnetic field and harmonic potential;
Wigner quasi-distribution function for a charged particle in periodic systems
using the kq representation; two Wigner quasi-distribution functions for
heavy-mass polaron in an electric field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168583 </DOCNO>
Counting, Fanout, and the Complexity of Quantum ACC


  We propose definitions of $\QAC^0$, the quantum analog of the classical class
$\AC^0$ of constant-depth circuits with AND and OR gates of arbitrary fan-in,
and $\QACC[q]$, the analog of the class $\ACC[q]$ where $\Mod_q$ gates are also
allowed. We prove that parity or fanout allows us to construct quantum $\MOD_q$
gates in constant depth for any $q$, so $\QACC[2] = \QACC$. More generally, we
show that for any $q,p > 1$, $\MOD_q$ is equivalent to $\MOD_p$ (up to constant
depth). This implies that $\QAC^0$ with unbounded fanout gates, denoted
$\QACwf^0$, is the same as $\QACC[q]$ and $\QACC$ for all $q$. Since $\ACC[p]
\ne \ACC[q]$ whenever $p$ and $q$ are distinct primes, $\QACC[q]$ is strictly
more powerful than its classical counterpart, as is $\QAC^0$ when fanout is
allowed. This adds to the growing list of quantum complexity classes which are
provably more powerful than their classical counterparts.
  We also develop techniques for proving upper bounds for $\QACC^0$ in terms of
related language classes. We define classes of languages $\EQACC$, $\NQACC$ and
$\BQACC_{\rats}$. We define a notion of $\log$-planar $\QACC$ operators and
show the appropriately restricted versions of $\EQACC$ and $\NQACC$ are
contained in $\P/\poly$. We also define a notion of $\log$-gate restricted
$\QACC$ operators and show the appropriately restricted versions of $\EQACC$
and $\NQACC$ are contained in $\TC^0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5086 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous structure formation in a network of chaotic units with


  As a model of temporally evolving networks, we consider a globally coupled
logistic map with variable connection weights. The model exhibits
self-organization of network structure, reflected by the collective behavior of
units. Structural order emerges even without any inter-unit synchronization of
dynamics. Within this structure, units spontaneously separate into two groups
whose distinguishing feature is that the first group possesses many
outwardly-directed connections to the second group, while the second group
possesses only few outwardly-directed connections to the first. The relevance
of the results to structure formation in neural networks is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75179 </DOCNO>
Extended Minimal Flavour Violating MSSM


  The recently reported measurements of the CP asymmetry a(psi K) by the BABAR
and BELLE collaborations are in good agreement with the standard model
prediction. With the anticipated precision in a(psi K) at the B factories and
hadron colliders, one hopes to pin down any possible deviation from the SM. We
discuss an extension of the MFV-supersymmetric models which comfortably
accommodates the current measurements of the CP asymmetry a(psi K), but differs
from the SM due to an additional flavour changing structure beyond the CKM
matrix. We analyze the compatibility of this model with present data and
suggest specific tests in forthcoming experiments in B physics. In addition to
the CP-asymmetries in B-meson decays and the Bs-bar(Bs) mass difference, we
emphasize measurements of the radiative transition b -> d gamma as sensitive
probes of the postulated flavour changing structure. Interestingly, the
CKM-unitarity analysis in these models also allows solutions with gamma > pi/2,
where gamma=-arg(Vub). Such large values of gamma are hinted by the current
measurements of the branchig ratios for the decays B -> pi pi and B -> K pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7195 </DOCNO>
The effect of non-ideal market conditions on option pricing


  Option pricing is mainly based on ideal market conditions which are well
represented by the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) as market model. We study
the effect of non-ideal market conditions on the price of the option. We focus
our attention on two crucial aspects appearing in real markets: The influence
of heavy tails and the effect of colored noise. We will see that both effects
have opposite consequences on option pricing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96872 </DOCNO>
A Fourier transform for sheaves on Lagrangian families of real tori


  We systematically develop a transform of the Fourier-Mukai type for sheaves
on symplectic manifolds $X$ of any dimension fibred in Lagrangian tori. One
obtains a bijective correspondence between unitary local systems supported on
Lagrangian submanifolds of $X$ and holomorphic vector bundles with compatible
unitary connections supported on complex submanifolds of the relative Jacobian
of $X$ (suitable conditions being verified on both sides).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114333 </DOCNO>
The LIGO Interferometer Sensing and Control System


  The LIGO Interferometer Sensing and Control System (ISC) is a large and
highly distributed Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) control system that is
used to control the length and alignment degrees of freedom of the
interferometers. The 4 kilometer Fabry-Perot cavity lengths are controlled to
better than 10-13 meters (rms) and the angular degrees of freedom are
controlled to better than 10-8 radians. This paper will describe the real-time
digital servo control systems that have been designed, developed and
implemented for the LIGO Length Sensing and Control (LSC) [1] and Alignment
Sensing and Control (ASC) [2] systems. In addition, the paper will describe how
these controls, along with the suspended optic controls [3], have been
integrated into the overall LIGO control and data acquisition system [4].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128565 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear propagation of planet-generated tidal waves


  The propagation and evolution of planet-generated density waves in
protoplanetary disks is considered. The evolution of waves, leading to the
shock formation and wake dissipation, is followed in the weakly nonlinear
regime. The local approach of Goodman & Rafikov (2001) is extended to include
the effects of surface density and temperature variations in the disk as well
as the disk cylindrical geometry and nonuniform shear. Wave damping due to
shocks is demonstrated to be a nonlocal process spanning a significant fraction
of the disk. Torques induced by the planet could be significant drivers of disk
evolution on timescales of the order 1-10 Myr even in the absence of strong
background viscosity. A global prescription for angular momentum deposition is
developed which could be incorporated into the study of gap formation in a
gaseous disk around the planet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96 </DOCNO>
Effects of Entanglement in Controlled Dephasing


  In controlled dephasing as a result of the interaction of a controlled
environment (dephasor) and the system under observation (dephasee) the states
of the two subsystems are entangled. Using as an example the ``Which Path
Detector'', we discuss how the entanglement influences the controlled
dephasing. In particular, we calculate the suppression $\nu$ of A-B
oscillations as a function of the bias $eV$ applied to the QPC and the coupling
$\Gamma$ of the QD to the leads. At low temperatures the entanglement produces
a smooth crossover from $\nu \propto (eV/\Gamma)^2$, when $eV \ll \Gamma$ to
$\nu \propto eV/\Gamma$, for $eV \gg \Gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3648 </DOCNO>
Optical conductivity of the nonsuperconducting cuprate


  La(8-x)Sr(x)Cu(8)O(20) is a non-superconducting cuprate, which exhibits a
doubling of the elementary cell along the c axis. Its optical conductivity
sigma (omega) has been first measured here, down to 20 K, in two single
crystals with x = 1.56 and x = 2.24. Along c, sigma (omega) shows, in both
samples, bands due to strongly bound charges, thus confirming that the cell
doubling is due to charge ordering. In the ab plane, in addition to the Drude
term one observes an infrared peak at 0.1 eV and a midinfrared band at 0.7 eV.
The 0.1 eV peak hardens considerably below 200 K, in correspondence of an
anomalous increase in the sample dc resistivity, in agreement with its
polaronic origin. This study allows one to establish relevant similarities and
differences with respect to the spectrum of the ab plane of the superconducting
cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2450 </DOCNO>
Magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole responses of elliptic quantum


  The magnetic dipole (M1) and electric quadupole (E2) responses of
two-dimensional quantum dots with an elliptic shape are theoretically
investigated as a function of the dot deformation and applied static magnetic
field. Neglecting the electron-electron interaction we obtain analytical
results which indicate the existence of four characteristic modes, with
different $B$-dispersion of their energies and associated strengths.
Interaction effects are numerically studied within the time-dependent
local-spin-density theory, assessing the validity of the non-interacting
picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125943 </DOCNO>
Determination of time delay from the gravitational lens B1422+231


  We present the radio light curves of lensed images of the gravitational lens
B1422+231. The observations have been carried out using the VLA at 8.4 and 15
GHz over a period of 197 days. We describe a method to estimate the time delay
from the observed light curves. Using this method, our cross-correlation
analysis shows that the time delay between images B and A is 1.5$\pm$1.4d,
between A and C is 7.6$\pm$2.5d, between B and C is 8.2$\pm$2.0d. When applied
to other lensed systems with measured time delays our new method gives
comparable results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86962 </DOCNO>
Bianchi Type I Universes with Causal Bulk Viscous Cosmological Fluid


  We consider the dynamics of a causal bulk viscous cosmological fluid filled
constantly decelerating Bianchi type I space-time. The matter component of the
Universe is assumed to satisfy a linear barotropic equation of state and the
state equation of the small temperature Boltzmann gas. The resulting
cosmological models satisfy the condition of smallness of the viscous stress.
The time evolution of the relaxation time, temperature, bulk viscosity
coefficient and comoving entropy of the dissipative fluid is also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2007 </DOCNO>
Surfactant effect in heteroepitaxial growth. The Pb - Co/Cu(111) case


  A MonteCarlo simulations study has been performed in order to study the
effect of Pb as surfactant on the initial growth stage of Co/Cu(111). The main
characteristics of Co growing over Cu(111) face, i.e. the decorated double
layer steps, the multiple layer islands and the pools of vacancies, disappear
with the pre-evaporation of a Pb monolayer. Through MC simulations, a full
picture of these complex processes is obtained. Co quickly diffuses through the
Pb monolayer exchanging place with Cu atoms at the substrate. The exchange
process diffusion inhibits the formation of pure Co islands, reducing the
surface stress and then the formation of multilayer islands and the pools of
vacancies. On the other hand, the random exchange also suppress the nucleation
preferential sites generated by Co atoms at Cu steps, responsible of the step
decoration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2699 </DOCNO>
Observation of Phase Fluctuations in Bose-Einstein Condensates


  The occurrence of phase fluctuations due to thermal excitations in
Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is studied for a variety of temperatures and
trap geometries. We observe the statistical nature of the appearence of phase
fluctuations and characterize the dependence of their average value on
temperature, number of particles and the trapping potential. We find pronounced
phase fluctuations for condensates in very elongated traps in a broad
temperature range. The results are of great importance for the realization of
BEC in quasi 1D geometries, for matter wave interferometry with BECs, as well
as for coherence properties of guided atom laser beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127625 </DOCNO>
Note on Solving for the Dynamics of the Universe


  In a recent article, Faraoni proposed an alternative procedure to solve the
Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological equations. The basic
result of that paper was obtained long ago through a different approach, which
seems to be little known and deserves closer attention due to its pedagogical
interest. The broad importance of this method is readily recognized by
examining some additional cases not considered by Faraoni. Its instructive
potential for introductory courses on cosmology has been positively verified by
the author in many lectures during the last decade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114259 </DOCNO>
Timing system of the Swiss Light Source


  The timing system of the Swiss Light Source is based on the event system
concept of APS, Argonne [1]. However, for SLS the hardware was completely
redesigned while preserving the software compatibility with the APS system.
This gave us a head start in the implementation: we could use the latest
available hardware and take advantage of the features integrated in the EPICS
software. The event system is used as the sole timing distribution method, for
hardware trigger delivery (assisted with a high-precision delay at a few
places) and for controlling all the timing-related tasks of operation: injector
sequencing, filling patterns, software synchronization, timestamps and so on.
The event network is also extended to the beamlines to allow synchronization of
the beamline experiments. The implementation consists of the hardware (Gigabit
Ethernet link, FPGAs) and a firmware core written in VHDL. The functionality of
the cards can be modified in situ by rewriting the firmware in flash memory. On
the other hand, the functionality can be easily ported to new hardware
architectures, allowing smooth upgrade paths and maximal reusability of the
soft- and hardware resources.
  [1] F.R.Lenkszus et.al., 'The Advanced Photon Source Event System', Proc.
ICALEPCS'95

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1037 </DOCNO>
Separation of spin and charge in paired spin-singlet quantum Hall states


  We propose a series of paired spin-singlet quantum Hall states, which exhibit
a separation of spin and charge degrees of freedom. The fundamental excitations
over these states, which have filling fraction \nu=2/(2m+1) with m an odd
integer, are spinons (spin-1/2 and charge zero) or fractional holons (charge
+/- 1/(2m+1) and spin zero). The braid statistics of these excitations are
non-abelian. The mechanism for the separation of spin and charge in these
states is topological: spin and charge excitations are liberated by binding to
a vortex in a p-wave pairing condensate. We briefly discuss related, abelian
spin-singlet states and possible transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126812 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Gas Flow from a Galactic Disk to the BH-dominated Central


  With a help of hydrodynamical models, we explore fundamental modes of gas
flow in central parts of a galaxy potential with non-axisymmetric perturbations
of various strengths. Our grid-based algorithm allows us to get a detailed
picture of gas dynamics down to about 10 pc from the galaxy center, where the
central black hole becomes dominant. Gas inflow in a bar with an Inner Lindblad
Resonance often stops at the nuclear ring. We find that embedded bars in
resonant coupling are unlikely to increase the inflow, but for certain gas
parameters in a single bar, inflow to the center develops in a spiral shock,
similar to the patterns observed in nuclear discs of real galaxies. The spiral
pattern persists for very weak non-axisymmetries of the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96781 </DOCNO>
Asymptotics of certain coagulation-fragmentation processes and invariant


  We consider Markov chains on the space of (countable) partitions of the
interval $[0,1]$, obtained first by size biased sampling twice (allowing
repetitions) and then merging the parts with probability $\beta_m$ (if the
sampled parts are distinct) or splitting the part with probability $\beta_s$
according to a law $\sigma$ (if the same part was sampled twice). We
characterize invariant probability measures for such chains. In particular, if
$\sigma$ is the uniform measure then the Poisson-Dirichlet law is an invariant
probability measure, and it is unique within a suitably defined class of
``analytic'' invariant measures. We also derive transience and recurrence
criteria for these chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126511 </DOCNO>
The globular cluster system of M31


  This review presents the current status of our knowledge of M31 star
clusters. Given the broadness of the subject, I chose to focus on some of its
aspects which are not covered by the other participants in this conference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7384 </DOCNO>
Many-body q-exponential distribution prescribed by factorization


  The factorization problem of $q$-exponential distribution within nonextensive
statistical mechanics is discussed on the basis of Abe's general
pseudoadditivity for equilibrium systems. it is argued that the factorization
of compound probability into product of the probabilities of subsystems is
nothing but the consequence of existence of thermodynamic equilibrium in the
interacting systems having Tsallis entropy. So the factorization does not needs
independent noninteracting systems and should be respected in all exact
calculations concerning interacting nonextensive subsystems. This consideration
makes it legitimate to use $q$-exponential distribution either for composite
system or for single body in many-body systems. Some known results of ideal
gases obtained with additive energy are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149634 </DOCNO>
Spectral action beyond the standard model


  We rehabilitate the M_1(C)+ M_2(C)+ M_3(C) model of electro-magnetic, weak
and strong forces as an almost commutative geometry in the setting of the
spectral action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125059 </DOCNO>
Tests for Gaussianity of the MAXIMA-1 CMB Map


  Gaussianity of the cosmological perturbations in the universe is one of the
key predictions of standard inflation, but it is violated by other models of
structure formation such as topological defects. We present the first test of
the Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on sub-degree angular
scales, where deviations from Gaussianity are most likely to occur. We apply
the methods of moments, cumulants, the Kolmogorov test, the $\chi^2$ test, and
Minkowski functionals in eigen, real, Wiener-filtered and signal-whitened
spaces, to the MAXIMA-1 CMB anisotropy data. We conclude that the data, which
probe angular scales between 10 arcminutes and 5 degrees, are consistent with
Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4423 </DOCNO>
Linearity and Scaling of a Statistical Model for the Species Abundance


  We derive a linear recursion relation for the species abundance distribution
in a statistical model of ecology and demonstrate the existence of a scaling
solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4389 </DOCNO>
From Mott insulator to overdoped superconductor: Evolution of the


  We review our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) results on
different layered oxide superconductors, and on their insulating parent
compounds. The low energy excitations are discussed with emphasis on some of
the most recent issues, such as the Fermi surface and remnant Fermi surface,
the pseudogap and d-wave-like dispersion, and lastly the signatures in the
ARPES spectra of multiple electronic components, many body effects, and the
superfluid density. We will focus on systematic changes in the electronic
structure which may be relevant to the development of a comprehensive picture
for the evolution from Mott insulators to overdoped superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114336 </DOCNO>
Preliminary Design of Muses Control System Based on RT-Corba and Java


  Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) based control system has
been utilized for the first phase of RIKEN-RI Beam Factory (RIBF) [1] at the
developing stage. Software sharing with Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI) in
Slovenia via CORBA/JavaBeans has been successfully demonstrated. Accelerator
Beans (Abeans) [2] components developed in JDK1.2.2 have been ported to RIKEN's
CORBA server. The second phase of the RIBF project is named "Multi-Use
Experimental Storage rings" (MUSES) project, which includes an accumulator
cooler ring (ACR) and collider rings. Due to the much larger number of
controlled objects and more stringent timing requirement than the first-phase
project, we contemplate using recently established real-time (RT) CORBA
specification [3]. Summary of our efforts to test RT-CORBA with the existing
JaveBeans components and other related subjects are described in this paper.
  [1] http://ribfweb1.riken.go.jp/ [2] http://kgb.ijs.si/KGB/ [3]
http://www.omg.org/

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149284 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Evaluation of the Zero-Point function for Self-Interacting


  The character of quantum corrections to the gravitational action of a
conformally invariant field theory for a self-interacting scalar field on a
manifold with boundary is considered at third loop-order in the perturbative
expansion of the zero-point function. Diagramatic evaluations and higher
loop-order renormalisation can be best accomplished on a Riemannian manifold of
constant curvature accommodating a boundary of constant extrinsic curvature.
The associated spherical formulation for diagramatic evaluations reveals a
non-trivial effect which the topology of the manifold has on the vacuum
processes and which ultimately dissociates the dynamical behaviour of the
quantised field from its behaviour in the absence of a boundary. The first
surface divergence is evaluated and the necessity for simultaneous
renormalisation of volume and surface divergences is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72995 </DOCNO>
The Algebraic Method


  Combining the effect of an intermediate renormalization prescription (zero
momentum subtraction) and the background field method (BFM), we show that the
algebraic renormalization procedure needed for the computation of radiative
corrections within non-invariant regularization schemes is drastically
simplified. The present technique is suitable for gauge models and, here, is
applied to the Standard Model. The use of the BFM allows a powerful
organization of the counterterms and avoids complicated Slavnov-Taylor
identities. Furthermore, the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) variation of
background fields plays a special role in disentangling Ward-Takahashi
identities (WTI) and Slavnov-Taylor identities (STI). Finally, the strategy to
be applied to physical processes is exemplified for the process $b\to s\gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2342 </DOCNO>
Orbital effects in manganites


  In this paper I give a short review of some properties of the colossal
magnetoresistance manganites, connected with the orbital degrees of freedom.
Ions Mn{3+}, present in most of these compounds, have double orbital degeneracy
and are strong Jahn-Teller ions, causing structural distortions and orbital
ordering. Mechanisms leading to such ordering are shortly discussed, and the
role of orbital degrees of freedom in different parts of the phase diagram of
manganites is described. Special attention is paid to the properties of
low-doped systems (doping 0.1 - 0.25), to overdoped systems (x > 0.5), and to
the possibility of a novel type of orbital ordering in optimally doped
ferromagnetic metallic manganites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4734 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Pinning of a Dynamic Electron-Spin-Resonance Line in a


  Electrically detected electron spin resonance (ESR) is used to study the
hyperfine interaction of the two-dimensional electrons and the nuclei of the
host lattice in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. Under the microwave and radio-
frequency double excitations, we have observed that the ESR line can be pinned
in a very narrow range of magnetic field - in the vicinity of the nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) of the nuclei of the GaAs crystal. Our observations
suggest that this pinning effect is the result of a competition process between
the ESR induced dynamic nuclear polarization and the NMR induced
depolarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124980 </DOCNO>
The CFHT Open Star Cluster Survey II -- Deep CCD Photometry of the Old


  We present analysis of deep CCD photometry for the very rich, old open star
cluster NGC 6819. These CFH12K data results represent the first of nineteen
open star clusters which were imaged as a part of the CFHT Open Star Cluster
Survey. We find a tight, very rich, main-sequence and turn-off consisting of
over 2900 cluster stars in the V, B-V color-magnitude diagram (CMD).
Main-sequence fitting of the un-evolved cluster stars with the Hyades star
cluster yields a distance modulus of (m-M)v = 12.30 +/- 0.12, for a reddening
of E(B-V) = 0.10. These values are consistent with a newly calculated
theoretical stellar isochrone of age 2.5 Gyrs, which we take to be the age of
the cluster. Detailed star counts indicate a much larger cluster extent (R =
9.5' +/- 1.0'), by a factor of ~2 over some previous estimates. Incompleteness
tests confirm a slightly negatively sloped luminosity function extending to
faint (V ~ 23) magnitudes which is indicative of a dynamically evolved cluster.
Further luminosity function and mass segregation tests indicate that low mass
objects (M < 0.65Mo) predominate in the outer regions of the cluster, 3.5 < R <
9.5. The estimation of the number of white dwarfs in NGC 6819 are in good
agreement with the observed number. For those white dwarf candidates which pass
both a statistical and image classification tests, we show comparisons to white
dwarf isochrones and cooling models which suggest the need for spectroscopy to
confirm the white dwarf nature of the brighter objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126881 </DOCNO>
Radiation from the first forming stars


  The evolution of radiation emitted during the dynamical collapse of
metal-free protostellar clouds is investigated within a spherically symmetric
hydrodynamical scheme that includes the transfer of radiation and the chemistry
of the primordial gas. The cloud centre collapses on a time scale of about
10^5-10^6 years, thanks to line cooling from molecular hydrogen (H2). For most
of the collapse time, when the evolution proceeds self-similarly, the
luminosity slowly rises up to about 10^36 erg/s and is essentially due to H2 IR
line emission. Later, continuum IR radiation provides an additional
contribution, which is mostly due to the accretion of an infalling envelope
upon a small hydrostatic protostellar core which develops in the centre. We
follow the beginning of the accretion phase, when the enormous accretion rate
(~ 0.1 Msun/yr) produces a very high continuum luminosity of about 10^36 erg/s.
Despite the high luminosities, the radiation field is unable to affect the gas
dynamics during the collapse and the first phases of accretion, because the
opacity of the infalling gas is too small; this is quite different from
present-day star formation. We also find that the protostellar evolution is
similar among clouds with different initial configurations, including those
resulting from 3D cosmological simulations of primordial objects; in
particular, the shape of the molecular spectra is quite universal. Finally, we
briefly discuss the detectability of this pristine cosmic star formation
activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1886 </DOCNO>
Correlation functions of the higher spin XXX chains


  Using the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz we consider the correlation functions of the
integrable higher spin chains. We apply a method recently developed for the
spin $\frac 12$ Heisenberg chain, based on the solution of the quantum inverse
problem. We construct a representation for the correlation functions on a
finite chain for arbitrary spin. Then we show how the string solutions of the
Bethe equations can be considered in the framework of this approach in the
thermodynamic limit. Finally, a multiple integral representation for the spin 1
zero temperature correlation functions is obtained in the thermodynamic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129698 </DOCNO>
The Structure and Evolution of Circumbinary Disks in Cataclysmic


  We investigate the structure and evolution of a geometrically thin viscous
Keplerian circumbinary (CB) disk, using detailed models of their
radiative/convective vertical structure. We use a simplified description for
the evolution of the cataclysmic binary and focus on cases where the
circumbinary disk causes accelerated mass transfer (> 1e-8 Msun/yr). The inner
edge of the disk is assumed to be determined by the tidal truncation radius and
the mass input rate into the disk is assumed to be a small fraction (1e-5-0.01)
of the mass transfer rate. Under the action of the viscous stresses in the disk
the matter drifts outward with the optically thick region extending to several
AU. The inner part of the disk is cool with maximum effective temperatures <
3,000 K while the outermost parts of the disk are < 30 K and optically thin. We
calculate the effects of thermal instability on a sufficiently massive CB disk.
It leads to outbursts reminiscent of those in thermally unstable accretion
disks, with the instability remaining confined to the inner regions of the CB
disk. However, for most of the evolutionary sequences the surface densities
required to trigger instability are not reached. The spectral energy
distributions from circumbinary disks are calculated, and the prospects for the
detection of such disks in the infrared and submm wavelength regions are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96782 </DOCNO>
Kahler metrics on toric orbifolds


  A theorem of E.Lerman and S.Tolman, generalizing a result of T.Delzant,
states that compact symplectic toric orbifolds are classified by their moment
polytopes, together with a positive integer label attached to each of their
facets. In this paper we use this result, and the existence of "global"
action-angle coordinates, to give an effective parametrization of all
compatible toric complex structures on a compact symplectic toric orbifold, by
means of smooth functions on the corresponding moment polytope. This is
equivalent to parametrizing all toric Kahler metrics and generalizes an
analogous result for toric manifolds.
  A simple explicit description of interesting families of extremal Kahler
metrics, arising from recent work of R.Bryant, is given as an application of
the approach in this paper. The fact that in dimension four these metrics are
self-dual and conformally Einstein is also discussed. This gives rise in
particular to a one parameter family of self-dual Einstein metrics connecting
the well known Eguchi-Hanson and Taub-NUT metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97455 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Sequence Transformations: Computational Tools for the


  Convergence problems occur abundantly in all branches of mathematics or in
the mathematical treatment of the sciences. Sequence transformations are
principal tools to overcome convergence problems of the kind. They accomplish
this by converting a slowly converging or diverging input sequence $\{s_n
\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ into another sequence $\{s^{\prime}_n \}_{n=0}^{\infty}$
with hopefully better numerical properties. Pad\'{e} approximants, which
convert the partial sums of a power series to a doubly indexed sequence of
rational functions, are the best known sequence transformations, but the
emphasis of the review will be on alternative sequence transformations which
for some problems provide better results than Pad\'{e} approximants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127983 </DOCNO>
Feasibility of Probing Dark Energy with Strong Gravitational Lensing


  We assess the feasibility of probing dark energy with strong gravitational
lensing systems. The capability of the method, which depends on the accuracy
with which the lensing systems are modeled, is quantitatively investigated
using the Fisher-matrix formalism. We show that this method might place useful
constraints on the density parameter and the redshift evolution of the dark
energy by combining it with a constraint from supernova measurements. For this
purpose, the lens potential needs to be precisely reconstructed. We determine
the required quality of data. We also briefly discuss the optimal strategy to
constrain the cosmological parameters using gravitational lensing systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96068 </DOCNO>
Nondegenerate multidimensional matrices and instanton bundles


  In this note we prove that the moduli space of rank $2n$ symplectic instanton
bundles on ${\PP^{2n+1}}$, defined from the well known monad condition, is
affine. This result was not known even in the case $n=1$, where the real
instanton bundles correspond to self dual Yang Mills $Sp(1)$-connections over
the 4-dimensional sphere. The result is proved as a consequence of the
existence of an invariant of the multidimensional matrices representing the
instanton bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2563 </DOCNO>
Interaction corrections at intermediate temperatures: I. Longitudinal


  It is well known that electron-electron interaction in disordered systems
leads to logarithmically divergent Altshuler-Aronov corrections to conductivity
at low temperatures ($T\tau\ll 1$; $\tau$ is the elastic mean-free time). This
paper is devoted to the fate of such corrections at intermediate temperatures
$T\tau\ge 1$. We show that in this (ballistic) regime the temperature
dependence of conductivity is still governed by the same physical processes as
the Altshuler-Aronov correction - scattering by Friedel oscillations. However,
in this regime the correction is linear in temperature; the value and even the
{\em sign} of the slope depends on the strength of electron-electron
interaction. We show that the slope is directly related to the renormalization
of the spin susceptibility and grows as the system approaches the ferromagnetic
Stoner instability. Also, we obtain the temperature dependence of the
conductivity in the cross-over region between the diffusive and the ballistic
regimes. Finally, we derive the quantum kinetic equation, which describes
electron transport for arbitrary value of $T\tau$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81224 </DOCNO>
Patterns of Spontaneous Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Vectorlike Gauge


  It has been conjectured that spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in strongly
coupled vectorlike gauge theories falls into only three different classes,
depending on the gauge group and the representations carried by the fermions.
We test this proposal by studying SU(2), SU(3) and SU(4) lattice gauge theories
with staggered fermions in different irreducible representations. Staggered
fermions away from the continuum limit should, for all complex representations,
still belong to the continuum class of spontaneous symmetry breaking. But for
all real and pseudo-real representations we show that staggered fermions should
belong to incorrect symmetry breaking classes away from the continuum, thus
generalizing previous results. As an unambiguous signal for whether chiral
symmetry breaks, and which breaking pattern it follows, we look at the smallest
Dirac eigenvalue distributions. We find that the patterns of symmetry breaking
are precisely those conjectured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1652 </DOCNO>
Retarded Learning: Rigorous Results from Statistical Mechanics


  We study learning of probability distributions characterized by an unknown
symmetry direction. Based on an entropic performance measure and the
variational method of statistical mechanics we develop exact upper and lower
bounds on the scaled critical number of examples below which learning of the
direction is impossible. The asymptotic tightness of the bounds suggests an
asymptotically optimal method for learning nonsmooth distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127553 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Lensing Cluster EMSS 1358+6245: Implications


  We present Chandra observations of EMSS 1358+6245, a relaxed cooling flow
cluster of galaxies at z = 0.328. We employ a new deprojection technique to
construct temperature, gas, and dark matter profiles. We confirm the presence
of cool gas in the cluster core, and our deprojected temperature profile for
the hot component is isothermal over 30 kpc < r < 0.8 Mpc. Fitting the mass
profile to an NFW model yields r_s = 153 [+161,-83] kpc and c = 8.4
[+3.4,-2.3]. We find good agreement between our dark matter profile and weak
gravitational lensing measurements. We place an upper limit of 42 kpc (90%
confidence limit) on the size of any constant density core. We compare this
result to recent simulations and place a conservative upper limit on the dark
matter particle scattering cross section of 0.1 cm^2/g. This limit implies that
the cross-section must be velocity dependent if the relatively shallow core
mass profiles of dwarf galaxies are a direct result of dark matter
self-interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4202 </DOCNO>
Instabilities in a Two-Component, Species Conserving Condensate


  We consider a system of two species of bosons of equal mass, with
interactions $U^{a}(|x|)$ and $U^{x}(|x|)$ for bosons of the same and different
species respectively. We present a rigorous proof -- valid when the Hamiltonian
does not include a species switching term -- showing that, when
$U^{x}(|x|)>U^{a}(|x|)$, the ground state is fully "polarized" (consists of
atoms of one kind only). In the unpolarized phase the low energy excitation
spectrum corresponds to two linearly dispersing modes that are even a nd odd
under species exchange. The polarization instability is signaled by the vani
shing of the velocity of the odd modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74887 </DOCNO>
M-Theory and de Sitter Space


  An M-theory constructed in an eleven-dimensional supermanifold with a
<>-product of field operators is shown to have a de Sitter space solution.
Possible implications of this result for cosmology are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81346 </DOCNO>
The Maximal Abelian Gauge in SU(3) Lattice Gauge Theory


  We gauge fix 600 SU(3) beta=6.0 configurations on a 16^4 lattice to a simple
form of the maximal abelian gauge. We project the SU(3) valued links to the
U(1)xU(1) subgroup, and extract U(1)xU(1) and monopole string tensions. After
gauge fixing to the indirect center gauge, the U(1)xU(1) links are projected to
Z(3) and a vortex string tension is measured. The vortex and magnetic current
densities are measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86623 </DOCNO>
Big bang of the brane universe


  Big bang of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW)-brane universe is studied.
In contrast to the spacelike initial singularity of the usual FRW universe, the
initial singularity of the FRW-brane universe is point-like from the viewpoint
of causality including gravitational waves propagating in the bulk. Existence
of null singularities (seam singuralities) is also shown in the flat and open
FRW-brane universe models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97904 </DOCNO>
$T^3$-fibrations on compact six-manifolds


  We describe a simple way of constructing torus fibrations $T^3\to X\to S^3$
which degenerate canonically over a knot or link in $S^3$. We show that the
topological invariants of $X$ can be computed algebraically from the monodromy
representation of the fibration. We use this to obtain some new
$T^3$-fibrations $S^3\times S^3\to S^3$ and $(S^3\times S^3)#(S^3\times
S^3)#(S^4\times S^2) \to S^3$ whose discriminant locus is a torus knot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126641 </DOCNO>
Can HST Measure the Mass of the Isolated Neutron Star RX J185635-3754 ?


  In June 2003 the isolated neutron star RX J185635-3754 will pass within 0.3''
of a 26.5 mag star, changing its position by about 0.6 mas. The displacement,
caused by gravitational lensing, will be proportional to the neutron star mass.
The total event duration will be approximately 1 year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125221 </DOCNO>
Mining the Sky with Redshift Surveys


  Since the late 1970's, redshift surveys have been vital for progress in
understanding large-scale structure in the Universe. The original CfA redshift
survey collected spectra of 20-30 galaxies per clear night on a 1.5 meter
telescope; over a two year period the project added ~2000 new redshifts to the
literature. Subsequent low-z redshift surveys have been up to an order of
magnitude larger, and ongoing surveys will yield a similar improvement over the
generation preceding them. Full sky redshift surveys have a special role to
play as predictors of cosmological flows, and deep pencil beam surveys have
provided fundamental constraints on the evolution of properties of galaxies.
With the 2DF redshift survey and the SDSS survey, our knowledge of the
statistical clustering of low-redshift galaxies will achieve unprecedented
precision. Measurements of clustering in the distant Universe are more limited
at present, but will become much better in this decade as the VLT/VIRMOS and
Keck/DEIMOS projects produce results. As in so many other fields, progress in
large scale structure studies, both observational and theoretical, has been
made possible by improvements in technologies, especially computing. This
review briefly highlights twenty years of progress in this evolving discipline
and describes a few novel cosmological tests that will be attempted with the
Keck/DEIMOS survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86739 </DOCNO>
The massive scalar field in a closed Friedmann universe model - new


  For the minimally coupled scalar field in Einstein's theory of gravitation we
look for the space of solutions within the class of closed Friedmann universe
models. We prove that D = 1 or D > 1, where D is the (fractal) dimension of the
set of solutions which can be integrated up to t to infinity. (D > 0 was
conjectured by PAGE (1984)). We discuss concepts like ``the probability of the
appearance of a sufficiently long inflationary phase" and argue that it is
primarily a probability measure q in the space V of solutions (and not in the
space of initial conditions) which has to be applied. q is naturally defined
for Bianchi-type I cosmological models because V is a compact cube. The
problems with the closed Friedmann model (which led to controversial claims in
the literature) will be shown to originate from the fact that V has a
complicated non-compact non-Hausdorff Geroch topology: no natural definition of
q can be given. We conclude: the present state of our universe can be explained
by models of the type discussed, but thereby the anthropic principle cannot be
fully circumvented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81378 </DOCNO>
A comparative study of numerical methods for the overlap Dirac


  Improvements of various methods to compute the sign function of the hermitian
Wilson-Dirac matrix within the overlap operator are presented. An optimal
partial fraction expansion (PFE) based on a theorem of Zolotarev is given.
Benchmarks show that this PFE together with removal of converged systems within
a multi-shift CG appears to approximate the sign function times a vector most
efficiently. A posteriori error bounds are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 304 </DOCNO>
Alternative Dimensional Reduction via the Density Matrix


  We give graphical rules, based on earlier work for the functional Schrodinger
equation, for constructing the density matrix for scalar and gauge fields at
finite temperature T. More useful is a dimensionally-reduced effective action
(DREA) constructed from the density matrix by further functional integration
over the arguments of the density matrix coupled to a source. The DREA is an
effective action in one less dimension which may be computed order by order in
perturbation theory or by dressed-loop expansions; it encodes all thermal
matrix elements. The DREA is useful because it gives a dimensionally-reduced
field theory usable at any T including infinity, where it yields the usual
dimensionally-reduced field theory (DRFT). However, it cannot and does not have
spurious infinities which sometimes occur in the density matrix or the DRFT;
these come from ln T factors at infinite temperature. An example of spurious
divergences in the DRFT occurs in d 2+1 $\phi^4$ theory dimensionally reduced
to d=2. We show that the rules for the DREA replace these "wrong" divergences
in physical parameters by calculable powers of ln T; we also compute the phase
transition temperature of this theory at one loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5509 </DOCNO>
Charge Distribution in a Kondo Correlated Quantum Dot


  We report here on a direct and non-invasive measurement of the charge and its
distribution in a Kondo correlated quantum dot (QD). A non-invasive
potential-sensitive detector in proximity with the QD reveals that even though
the conductance of the QD is significantly enhanced as it enters the Kondo
regime the net charge in the QD remains unaffected. This demonstrates the
separation between spin and charge degrees of freedom in the Kondo effect. We
find however, under certain experimental conditions, that an abrupt
redistribution of the charge in the QD is taking place simultaneously with the
onset of Kondo correlation. This suggests that the spin-charge separation in
the Kondo effect does not always hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168842 </DOCNO>
The New Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics and Hidden Parameters


  The new interpretation of Quantum Mechanics is based on a complex probability
theory. An interpretation postulate specifies events which can be observed and
it follows that the complex probability of such event is, in fact, a real
positive number. The two-slit experiment, the mathematical formulation of the
complex probability theory, the density matrix, Born's law and a possibility of
hidden variables are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127826 </DOCNO>
Variable Stars in the Field of the Globular Cluster NGC 3201


  We report on the discovery and analysis of 14 short-period variable stars in
the field of the southern globular cluster NGC 3201, located within roughly two
magnitudes on either side of the main-sequence turnoff. 11 of these variable
stars are eclipsing binaries, one is an RR Lyrae, and two are thus far
unclassified systems. Among the eclipsing binary stars, nine are of the W Ursa
Majoris (W UMa) type, one an Algol (EA) system, and one a detached system.
Using spectroscopic follow-up observations as well as analysis of the
variables' locations in the color-magnitude diagram of the cluster, we find
that only one variable star (a W UMa type blue straggler) is actually a member
of NGC 3201. We present the phased photometry lightcurves for all the variable
star systems as well as their locations in the field-of-view and in the
color-magnitude diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125691 </DOCNO>
Discovery of an absorbed cluster of galaxies (XMMU J183225.4-103645)


  During an XMM-Newton observation of the galactic supernova remnant G21.5-09 a
bright, previously uncatalogued, source (XMMU J183225.4-103645) was detected 18
arcmin from G21.5-09. The European Photon Imaging Camera data inside 1 arcmin
(180/h_50 kpc) radius are consistent with a source at a redshift of 0.1242
[+0.0003, -0.0022] with an optically thin thermal spectrum of temperature 5.8
+- 0.6 keV and a metal abundance of 0.60 +- 0.10 solar. This model gives a 2 -
10 keV luminosity of 3.5[+0.8, -0.4]/h_50^2 10^44 erg/s. These characteristics,
as well as the source extent of 2.0 arcmin (350/h_50 kpc), and the surface
brightness profile are consistent with emission from the central region of a
moderately rich cluster containing a cooling flow with mass flow rate of
400-600 M_Sun/yr. The absorption is 7.9 +- 0.5 10^22 atom/cm^2, 5 times that
inferred from low-resolution HI data but consistent with higher spatial
resolution infrared dust extinction estimates. XMMU J183225.4-103645 is not
visible in earlier ROSAT observations due to high amount of absorption. This
discovery demonstrates the capability of XMM-Newton to map the cluster
distribution close to the Galactic plane, where few such systems are known. The
ability of XMM-Newton to determine cluster redshifts to 1% precision at z = 0.1
is especially important in optically crowded and absorbed fields such as close
to the Galactic plane, where the optical redshift measurements of galaxies are
difficult.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2762 </DOCNO>
Ising transition in dimerized XY quantum spin chain


  In the present paper, we proposed a simple spin-1/2 model which provides a
exactly solvable example to study the Ising criticality with central charge
c=1/2. By mapping it onto the real Majorana fermions, the Ising critical
behavior is explored explicitly, although its bosonized form is not the double
frequency sine-Gordon model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81351 </DOCNO>
Finite-volume meson propagators in quenched chiral perturbation theory


  We compute meson propagators in finite-volume quenched chiral perturbation
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74605 </DOCNO>
Interactions from SSB of scale symmetry: applications to problems of


  We study a scale invariant two measures theory where a dilaton field \phi has
no explicit potentials. The scale transformations include a shift
\phi\to\phi+const. The theory demonstrates a new mechanism for generation of
the exponential potential: in the conformal Einstein frame (CEF), after SSB of
scale invariance, the theory develops the exponential potential and, in
general, non-linear kinetic term is generated as well. The possibility of
quintessence and of halo dark matter solutions are shown. The regime where the
fermionic matter dominates (as compared to the dilatonic contribution) is
analyzed. There it is found that starting from a single fermionic field we
obtain exactly three different types of spin 1/2 particles in CEF that appears
to suggest a new approach to the family problem of particle physics. It is
automatically achieved that for two of them, fermion masses are constants,
gravitational equations are canonical and the "fifth force" is absent. For the
third type of particles, four fermionic interaction appears from SSB of scale
invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75498 </DOCNO>
Large Gauged Q Balls


  We study Q-balls associated with local U(1) symmetries. Such Q-balls are
expected to become unstable for large values of their charge because of the
repulsion mediated by the gauge force. We consider the possibility that the
repulsion is eliminated through the presence in the interior of the Q-ball of
fermions with charge opposite to that of the scalar condensate. Another
possibility is that two scalar condensates of opposite charge form in the
interior. We demonstrate that both these scenaria can lead to the existence of
classically stable, large, gauged Q-balls. We present numerical solutions, as
well as an analytical treatment of the ``thin-wall'' limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96433 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalue estimates of the Dirac operator depending on the Ricci tensor


  We prove a new lower bound for the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator on
a compact Riemannian spin manifold by refined Weitzenb\"ock techniques. It
applies to manifolds with harmonic curvature tensor and depends on the Ricci
tensor. Examples show how it behaves compared to other known bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169189 </DOCNO>
A note on Borromean correlations in multipartite quantum systems


  If a pure state of a multipartite quantum system is Borromean, that is, its
density matrix becomes product after tracing out any its component then the
initial state is product itself. This shows the essentially classical nature of
Borromean correlations which can not be achieved by entangled pure states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4693 </DOCNO>
Modeling of protein interaction networks


  We introduce a graph generating model aimed at representing the evolution of
protein interaction networks. The model is based on the hypotesis of evolution
by duplications and divergence of the genes which produce proteins. The
obtained graphs shows multifractal properties recovering the absence of a
characteristic connectivity as found in real data of protein interaction
networks. The error tolerance of the model to random or targeted damage is in
very good agreement with the behavior obtained in real protein networks
analysis. The proposed model is a first step in the identification of the
evolutionary dynamics leading to the development of protein functions and
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6686 </DOCNO>
Transport in quantum wires with impurities at finite temperatures


  The temperature dependence of Coulomb blockade peaks of a one dimensional
quantum dot is calculated. The Coulomb interaction is treated microscopically
using the Luttinger liquid model. The electron interaction is assumed to be
non-homogeneous with a maximum strength near the quantum dot. The conductance
peaks show non-analytic power law behaviour induced by the interaction. It is
shown that there is a crossover in the power law which is related to the
inhomogeneity of the interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125048 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of Galaxies


  Chemical abundances provide important clues to the evolution of galaxies.
Ionized nebulae are one of the main sources of chemical abundance measurements,
especially in external galaxies. Studies of H II regions have shown that the
overall metallicity of galaxies increases with galactic luminosity, and that
spiral galaxies characteristically have radial gradients in chemical
composition. There are indications of environmental influences on chemical
abundances. Planetary nebulae provide another measure of abundances in the
Milky Way and other galaxies. Space facilities have allowed measurements for
elements that are inaccessible at optical wavelengths. Large telescopes make
possible the study of individual stars in external galaxies and the study of
interstellar abundances in galaxies at intermediate and high redshifts. These
advances promise exciting times as astrophysicists strive to paint a complete
picture of galactic evolution from the Big Bang to the present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96696 </DOCNO>
Approximating a norm by a polynomial


  We prove that for any norm |*| in the d-dimensional real vector space V and
for any odd n>0 there is a non-negative polynomial p(x), x in V of degree 2n
such that p^{1/2n}(x) < |x| < c(n,d) p^{1/2n}(x), where c(n,d)={n+d-1 choose
n}^{1/2n}. Corollaries and polynomial approximations of the Minkowski
functional of a convex body are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81298 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Aspects of Quantum Field Theory


  We have developed a method for extracting equilibrium observables from
non-equilibrium simulations by rapidly changing the temperature and recording
the subsequent evolution of the Polyakov loop. Both nucleation and spinodal
decomposition are observed to occur. In the latter case the Polyakov loop
correlation function shows exponential growth for wavenumbers less than or
equal to the critical wavenumber k_c. We have constructed the bare as wee as
the effective potential for the Polyakov loop, from which k_c and m_D/k_c can
be extracted as a function of temperature. The shift from spinodal
decomposition to nucleation as the dominant equilibration mechanism occurs at
the spinodal temperature that separates these two regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149795 </DOCNO>
Some Properties of String Field Algebra


  We examine string field algebra which is generated by star product in
Witten's string field theory including ghost part. We perform calculations
using oscillator representation consistently. We construct wedge like states in
ghost part and investigate algebras among them. As a by-product we have
obtained some solutions of vacuum string field theory. We also discuss some
problems about identity state. We hope these calculations will be useful for
further investigation of Witten type string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85962 </DOCNO>
Implications of the r-mode instability of rotating relativistic stars


  Several recent surprises appear dramatically to have improved the likelihood
that the spin of rapidly rotating, newly formed neutron stars (and, possibly,
of old stars spun up by accretion) is limited by a nonaxisymmetric instability
driven by gravitational waves. Except for the earliest part of the spin-down,
the axial l=m=2 mode (an r-mode) dominates the instability, and the emitted
waves may be observable by detectors with the sensitivity of LIGO II. A review
of these hopeful results is followed by a discussion of constraints on the
instability set by dissipative mechanisms, including viscosity, nonlinear
saturation, and energy loss to a magnetic field driven by differential
rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85773 </DOCNO>
Integrability for Relativistic Spin Networks


  The evaluation of relativistic spin networks plays a fundamental role in the
Barrett-Crane state sum model of Lorentzian quantum gravity in 4 dimensions. A
relativistic spin network is a graph labelled by unitary irreducible
representations of the Lorentz group appearing in the direct integral
decomposition of the space of L^2 functions on three-dimensional hyperbolic
space. To `evaluate' such a spin network we must do an integral; if this
integral converges we say the spin network is `integrable'. Here we show that a
large class of relativistic spin networks are integrable, including any whose
underlying graph is the 4-simplex (the complete graph on 5 vertices). This
proves a conjecture of Barrett and Crane, whose validity is required for the
convergence of their state sum model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114327 </DOCNO>
Entropy in Signal Processing (Entropie en Traitement du Signal)


  R\'esum\'e: Le principal objet de cette communication est de faire une
r\'etro perspective succincte de l'utilisation de l'entropie et du principe du
maximum d'entropie dans le domaine du traitement du signal. Apr\`es un bref
rappel de quelques d\'efinitions et du principe du maximum d'entropie, nous
verrons successivement comment l'entropie est utilis\'ee en s\'eparation de
sources, en mod\'elisation de signaux, en analyse spectrale et pour la
r\'esolution des probl\`emes inverses lin\'eaires. Mots cl\'es : Entropie,
Entropie crois\'ee, Distance de Kullback, Information mutuelle, Estimation
spectrale, Probl\`emes inverses 
  Abstract: The main object of this work is to give a brief overview of the
different ways the entropy has been used in signal and image processing. After
a short introduction of different quantities related to the entropy and the
maximum entropy principle, we will study their use in different fields of
signal processing such as: source separation, model order selection, spectral
estimation and, finally, general linear inverse problems. Keywords : Entropy,
Relative entropy, Kullback distance, Mutual information, Spectral estimation,
Inverse problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41551 </DOCNO>
A search for GMSB sleptons with lifetime at ALEPH


  A search for slepton production via the decay of pair-produced neutralinos
has been performed under the assumption that the sleptons have observable
lifetime in the detector before each decays to a lepton and a gravitino.
Sleptons, neutralinos and gravitinos are particles predicted by the theory of
supersymmetry, and are the supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model
leptons, neutral bosons and of the graviton respectively. The search was
performed in 628 inverse picobarns of data taken by the ALEPH detector at LEP
centre-of-mass energies from 189 to 208 GeV. It was motivated by general
predictions of Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking (GMSB) models in which the
lightest supersymmetric particle is always the gravitino. No evidence of the
process was found. Model-independent cross-section limits are quoted as a
function of neutralino mass, slepton mass and slepton lifetime in the case that
the neutralino branching ratios to each slepton are equal at one third (the
so-called slepton co-NLSP scenario, where NLSP stands for `Next-to-Lightest
Supersymmetric Particle') and in the case that the neutralino decays
exclusively to the stau (the stau-NLSP scenario). Excluded regions in the
neutralino-stau mass plane are shown for four gravitino masses under
model-specific assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72998 </DOCNO>
A priori mixed hadrons, hyperon non-leptonic decays, and the |\Delta


  The |\Delta I|=1/2 rule in non-leptonic decays of hyperons can be naturally
understood by postulating a priori mixed physical hadrons, along with the
isospin invariance of the responsible transition operator. It is shown that
this operator can be identified with the strong interaction Yukawa hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169156 </DOCNO>
A fully efficient secure quantum cryptography protocol


  The paper has been withdrawn by the author since the protocol is not new. It
is just the oldest version of BB84.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4573 </DOCNO>
Vortex phases in mesoscopic cylinders with suppressed surface


  Vortex structures in mesoscopic cylinder placed in external magnetic field
are studied under the general de Gennes boundary condition for the order
parameter corresponding to the suppression of surface superconductivity. The
Ginzburg-Landau equations are solved based on trial functions for the order
parameter for vortex-free, single-vortex, multivortex, and giant vortex phases.
The equilibrium vortex diagrams in the plane of external field and cylinder
radius and magnetization curves are calculated at different values of de Gennes
"extrapolation length" characterizing the boundary condition for the order
parameter. The comparison of the obtained variational results with some
available exact solutions shows good accuracy of our approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127022 </DOCNO>
A Robotic Wide-Angle H-Alpha Survey of the Southern Sky


  We have completed a robotic wide-angle imaging survey of the southern sky
(declination less than +15 degrees) at 656.3 nm wavelength, the H-alpha
emission line of hydrogen. Each image of the resulting Southern H-Alpha Sky
Survey Atlas (SHASSA) covers an area of the sky 13 degrees square at an angular
resolution of approximately 0.8 arcminute, and reaches a sensitivity level of 2
rayleigh (1.2 x 10^-17 erg cm^-2 s^-1 arcsec^-2) per pixel, corresponding to an
emission measure of 4 cm^-6 pc, and to a brightness temperature for microwave
free-free emission of 12 microkelvins at 30 GHz. Smoothing over several pixels
allows features as faint as 0.5 rayleigh to be detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95395 </DOCNO>
Reidemeister number of any automorphism of a Gromov hyperbolic group is


  We show that the number of twisted conjugacy classes is infinite for any
automorphism of non-elementary, Gromov hyperbolic group . An analog of Selberg
theory for twisted conjugacy classes is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113532 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy, Non Commutative SpaceTime: A New Paradigm for a New Century


  Much of twentieth century physics, whether it be Classical or Quantum, has
been based on the concept of spacetime as a differentiable manifold. While this
work has culminated in the standard model, it is now generally accepted that in
the light of recent experimental results, we have to go beyond the standard
model. On the other hand Quantum SuperString Theory and a recent model of
Quantized Spacetime in which, for example, an electron can be meaningfully
described by the Kerr-Newman metric, have shown promise. They lead to
mathematically identical spacetime-energy-momenta commutation relations, and
infact an identical non commutative geometry which is a departure from the
usual concept of spacetime. This could well be a new paradigm for the new
century.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41146 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric dark matter in the light of LEP


  The negative outcome of searches for supersymmetry performed at LEP have been
used to derive indirect constraints on the parameters of the most plausible
models for cold dark matter based on supersymmetric extensions of the Standard
Model. The main results are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148585 </DOCNO>
On the Gauss Law and Global Charge for QCD


  The local Gauss law of quantum chromodynamics on a finite lattice is
investigated. It is shown that it implies a gauge invariant, additive law
giving rise to a gauge invariant ${\mathbb Z}_3$-valued global charge in QCD.
The total charge contained in a region of the lattice is equal to the flux
through its boundary of a certain ${\mathbb Z}_3$-valued, additive quantity.
Implications for continuous QCD are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124078 </DOCNO>
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Predictions for the Planck Surveyor Satellite using


  We use the billion-particle Hubble Volume simulations to make statistical
predictions for the distribution of galaxy clusters that will be observed by
the Planck Surveyor satellite through their effect on the cosmic microwave
background -- the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. We utilize the lightcone datasets
for both critical density (tauCDM) and flat low-density (LambdaCDM)
cosmologies: a `full-sky' survey out to $z \sim 0.5$, two `octant' datasets out
to beyond $z=1$ and a 100 square degree dataset extending to $z \sim 4$. Making
simple, but robust, assumptions regarding both the thermodynamic state of the
gas and the detection of objects against an unresolved background, we present
the expected number of SZ sources as a function of redshift and angular size,
and also by flux (for both the thermal and kinetic effects) for 3 of the
relevant HFI frequency channels. We confirm the expectation that Planck will
detect around $5\times 10^4$ clusters, though the exact number is sensitive to
the choice of several parameters including the baryon fraction, and also to the
cluster density profile, so that either cosmology may predict more clusters. We
also find that the majority of detected sources should be at $z<1.5$, and we
estimate that around one per cent of clusters will be spatially resolved by
Planck, though this has a large uncertainty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174794 </DOCNO>
Suppression of Hadrons with Large Transverse Momentum in Central Au+Au


  Transverse momentum spectra for charged hadrons and for neutral pions in the
range 1 GeV/c $< p_T <$ 5 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment at
RHIC in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=130$ GeV. At high $p_T$ the
spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are consistent with the naive
expectation of scaling the spectra from p+p collisions by the average number of
binary nucleon- nucleon collisions. The spectra from central collisions are
significantly suppressed when compared to the binary- scaled p+p expectation,
and also when compared to similarly binary-scaled peripheral collisions,
indicating a novel nuclear effect in central nuclear collisions at RHIC
energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168173 </DOCNO>
Tunneling and Traversal of Ultra-cold Atoms through Vacuum Induced


  We examine the passage of ultra-cold two-level atoms through the potential
produced by the vacuum of the cavity field. The peak of the transmitted wave
packet generally occurs at the instant given by the expression for phase time
even if that instant is earlier than the instant at which incident wave
packet's peak enters the cavity and thus the phase time can be considered as
the appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to traverse the
cavity. We show that the phase tunneling time for ultra-cold atoms could be
both super - and sub - classical time and we show how this behaviour can be
understood in terms of the momentum dependence of the phase of transmission
amplitude. The passage of the atom through the cavity is unique as it involves
a coherent addition of the transition amplitudes corresponding to both barrier
and well. New features such as the splitting of the wave packet arise from the
entanglement between the center of mass motion and the electronic as well as
field states in the cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86906 </DOCNO>
Harmonic coordinate method for simulating generic singularities


  This paper presents both a numerical method for general relativity and an
application of that method. The method involves the use of harmonic coordinates
in a 3+1 code to evolve the Einstein equations with scalar field matter. In
such coordinates, the terms in Einstein's equations with the highest number of
derivatives take a form similar to that of the wave equation. The application
is an exploration of the generic approach to the singularity for this type of
matter. The preliminary results indicate that the dynamics as one approaches
the singularity is locally the dynamics of the Kasner spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85951 </DOCNO>
The Expanding Universe, Planetary Motion and the Pioneer 10/11 Anomaly


  The effect of the expanding universe on planetary motion is considered to
first order in the Hubble constant H. Orbital elements are shown to be
unaffected, but there is a small change in the connection between planetary
proper time and coordinate time. This can produce an apparent anomalous
acceleration in velocities inferred from echo-ranging, but the effect is too
small by many orders of magnitude to account for the Pioneer 10/11 anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1968 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo for Statistical Physics: An Elementary Introduction


  A brief and elementary introduction to the technique of Monte Carlo
simulation of statistical physics problems is presented. Ising spin model is
taken as an example. The topics covered include Metropolis algorithm, phase
transition, finite size scaling, critical slowing down and cluster algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75499 </DOCNO>
Perturbative expansions in QCD and analytic properties of alpha_s


  It is shown that analytic properties of standard QCD perturbation theory
contradict known spectral properties,and contain in particular IR generated
ghost poles and cuts. As an outcome the rigorous background perturbation theory
is developed and its analytic properties are shown to be in agreement with
general requirements. In a limiting case of large Nc, when QCD amplitudes
contain only pole singularities, the strong coupling constant alpha_s(Q) is
shown to be also meromorfic function of external momenta.
  Some simple models and examples are given when nonperturbative beta function
and alpha_s(Q) can be written explicitly.
  General form of amplitudes at large Nc is given in the framework of
background perturbation theory and its correspondence with standard
perturbation theory at large momenta is demonstrated in the example of e^+e^-
annihilation. For time-like momenta the background coupling constant differs
drastically from the standard one but the background series averaged over
energy intervals has the same (AF) asymptotics at large momenta as in the
standard perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6275 </DOCNO>
Equilibration Time Scales in Homogeneous Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We study the nonequilibrium growth of a weakly interacting homogeneous Bose
gas after a quench from a high temperature state to a temperature below the
Bose-Einstein critical condensation temperature. We quantitatively characterize
the departure from thermal equilibrium and observe the presence of two
equilibration time scales. The conjectured inverse proportionality between
equilibration time and density is confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98226 </DOCNO>
Tight contact structures on fibered hyperbolic 3-manifolds


  We take a first step towards understanding the relationship between
foliations and universally tight contact structures on hyperbolic 3-manifolds.
If a surface bundle over a circle has pseudo-Anosov holonomy, we obtain a
classification of "extremal" tight contact structures. Specifically, there is
exactly one contact structure whose Euler class, when evaluated on the fiber,
equals the Euler number of the fiber. This rigidity theorem is a consequence of
properties of the action of pseudo-Anosov maps on the complex of curves of the
fiber and a remarkable flexibility property of convex surfaces in such a space.
Indeed this flexibility may be seen in surface bundles over an interval where
the analogous classification theorem is also established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6723 </DOCNO>
Electric field dependence of pairing temperature and tunneling


  Using the Bethe-Salpeter equation including high electric fields, the
dependence of the critical temperature of onsetting superconductivity on the
applied field is calculated analytically. The critical temperature of pairing
is shown to increase with the applied field strength. This is a new field
effect and could provide an explanation of recent experiments on field induced
superconductivity. From the field dependence of the Bethe-Salpeter equation,
the two--particle bound state solution is obtained as a resonance with a
tunneling probability analogous to the WKB solution of a single particle
confined in a potential and coupled to the electrical field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124119 </DOCNO>
Mass and Light in the Universe


  We present a weak lensing and photometric study of six half by half degree
fields observed at the CFHT using the UH8K CCD mosaic camera. The fields were
observed for a total of 2 hours each in I and V, resulting in catalogs
containing ~ 20 000 galaxies per passband per field. We use V-I color and I
magnitude to select bright early type galaxies at redshifts 0.1 < z < 0.9. We
measure the gravitational shear from faint galaxies in the range 21 < m_I < 25
from a composite catalog and find a strong correlation with that predicted from
the early types if they trace the mass with mass-to-light ratio 300\pm75 h (in
solar units) for a flat (Omega_m0 = 0.3, Omega_l0 = 0.7) lambda cosmology and
400\pm100 h for Einstein-de Sitter. We make two-dimensional reconstructions of
the mass surface density. Cross-correlation of the measured mass surface
density with that predicted from the early type galaxy distribution shows a
strong peak at zero lag (significant at the 5.2-sigma level). We azimuthally
average the cross- and auto-correlation functions. We conclude that the
profiles are consistent with early type galaxies tracing mass on scales of > 45
arcsec (> 200 kpc at z = 0.5). We sub-divide our bright early type galaxies by
redshift and obtain similar conclusions. These mass-to-light ratios imply
\Omega_m0 = 0.10\pm0.02 (\Omega_m0 = 0.13\pm0.03 for Einstein-de Sitter) of
closure density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98665 </DOCNO>
Evaluations of some determinants of matrices related to the Pascal


  We prove several evaluations of determinants of matrices, the entries of
which are given by the recurrence $a_{i,j}=a_{i-1,j}+a_{i,j-1}$, or variations
thereof. These evaluations were either conjectured or extend conjectures by
Roland Bacher [J. Th\'eorie Nombres Bordeaux 13 (2001), to appear; see
http://arxiv.org/abs/math.CO/0109013].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126174 </DOCNO>
A Search for Sub-Millisecond Pulsars


  We have conducted a search of 19 southern Galactic globular clusters for
sub-millisecond pulsars at 660 MHz with the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. To
minimize dispersion smearing we used the CPSR baseband recorder, which samples
the 20 MHz observing band at the Nyquist rate. By possessing a complete
description of the signal we could synthesize an optimal filterbank in
software, and in the case of globular clusters of known dispersion measure,
much of the dispersion could be removed using coherent techniques. This allowed
for very high time resolution (25.6 us in most cases), making our searches in
general sensitive to sub-millisecond pulsars with flux densities greater than
about 3 mJy at 50 cm. No new pulsars were discovered, placing important
constraints on the proportion of pulsars with very short spin periods in these
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127857 </DOCNO>
J-Band Spectroscopy of the z = 5.74 BAL QSO SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2


  We use the NIRSPEC near-IR spectrometer on Keck II to obtain moderate
resolution (R = 1540) spectroscopy that shows conclusively that the C IV
emission line in the z = 5.74 quasar SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2 is accompanied
by broad, blueshifted C IV absorption. The line has a "balnicity index" of 900
km/s and a rest-frame equivalent width of 13.1 +/- 1.3 relative to the
continuum. This confirms its membership in the class of objects called
"broad-absorption line" (BAL) QSOs. SDSSP J1044-0125 was previously suggested
to be a BAL QSO based on its larger UV-to-X-ray flux ratio than most non-BAL
QSOs. The C IV emission is of normal strength, implying a metallicity similar
to that found in other, lower-redshift QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86755 </DOCNO>
Causal Entropy Bound for Non-Singular Cosmologies


  The conditions for validity of the Causal Entropy Bound (CEB) are verified in
the context of non-singular cosmologies with classical sources. It is shown
that they are the same conditions that were previously found to guarantee
validity of the CEB: the energy density of each dynamical component of the
cosmic fluid needs to be sub-Planckian and not too negative, and its equation
of state needs to be causal. In the examples we consider, the CEB is able to
discriminate cosmologies which suffer from potential physical problems more
reliably than the energy conditions appearing in singularity theorems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114412 </DOCNO>
Distances in plane membranes


  A flat membrane with given shape is displayed; two points in the membrane are
randomly selected; the probability that the separation between the points have
a specified value is sought. A simple method to evaluate the probability
density is developed, and is easily extended to spaces with more dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126873 </DOCNO>
Shape Reconstruction and Weak Lensing Measurement with Interferometers:


  We present a new approach for image reconstruction and weak lensing
measurements with interferometers. Based on the shapelet formalism presented in
Refregier (2001), object images are decomposed into orthonormal Hermite basis
functions. The shapelet coefficients of a collection of sources are
simultaneously fit on the uv plane, the Fourier transform of the sky brightness
distribution observed by interferometers. The resulting chi-square fit is
linear in its parameters and can thus be performed efficiently by simple matrix
multiplications. We show how the complex effects of bandwidth smearing, time
averaging and non-coplanarity of the array can be easily and fully corrected
for in our method. Optimal image reconstruction, co-addition, astrometry, and
photometry can all be achieved using weighted sums of the derived coefficients.
As an example we consider the observing conditions of the FIRST radio survey
(Becker et al. 1995; White et al. 1997). We find that our method accurately
recovers the shapes of simulated images even for the sparse uv sampling of this
snapshot survey. Using one of the FIRST pointings, we find our method compares
well with CLEAN, the commonly used method for interferometric imaging. Our
method has the advantage of being linear in the fit parameters, of fitting all
sources simultaneously, and of providing the full covariance matrix of the
coefficients, which allows us to quantify the errors and cross-talk in image
shapes. It is therefore well-suited for quantitative shape measurements which
require high-precision. In particular, we show how our method can be combined
with the results of Refregier & Bacon (2001) to provide an accurate measurement
of weak lensing from interferometric data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40856 </DOCNO>
Detection of Accelerator-Produced Neutrinos at a Distance of 250 km


  The KEK to Kamioka long-baseline neutrino experiment (K2K) has begun its
investigation of neutrino oscillations suggested by atmospheric neutrino
observations. Twenty-eight neutrino events have been detected in coincidence
with the expected arrival time of the beam in the 22.5 kt fiducial volume of
Super--Kamiokande, the far detector at 250 km distance. The expectation is
37.8+3.5-3.8, derived using measurements of neutrino interactions in a near
detector and extrapolation using a beam simulation validated by a measurement
of pion kinematics after production and focusing. The background is of order
10^-3 events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 599 </DOCNO>
The Isothermal Binodal Curves Near a Critical Endpoint


  Thermodynamics in the vicinity of a critical endpoint with nonclassical
exponents $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$, $\delta$, $...$ is analyzed in terms of
density variables (mole fractions, magnetizations, etc.). The shapes of the
isothermal binodals or two-phase coexistence curves are found at andnear the
endpoint for symmetric and nonsymmetric situations. The spectator- (or
noncritical)-phase binodal at $T=T_{e}$ is characterized by an exponent
$(\delta +1)/\delta$ $(\simeq 1.21)$ with leading corrections of relative order
$1/\delta$ $(\simeq 0.21)$, $\theta_{4}/\beta\delta$ $(\simeq 0.34)$ and $1
-(\beta\delta)^{-1}$$(\simeq 0.36)$; in contrast to classical (van der Waals,
mean field, $...$) theory, the critical endpoint binodal is singular with
leading exponent $(1-\alpha)/\beta$ $(\simeq 2.73)$ and corrections which are
elucidated; the remaining, $\lambda$-line binodals also display the
`renormalized exponent,' $(1-\alpha)/\beta$ butwith more singular corrections.
(The numerical values quoted here pertain to $(d=3)$-dimensional-fluid or
Ising-type systems.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96831 </DOCNO>
Effective invariants of braid monodromy and topology of plane curves


  In this paper we construct effective invariants for braid monodromy of affine
curves. We also prove that, for some curves, braid monodromy determines their
topology. We apply this result to find a pair of curves with conjugate
equations in a number field but which do not admit any orientation-preserving
homeomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113529 </DOCNO>
Effective theory of systems coupled strongly to rapidly-varying external


  We consider quantum systems which interact strongly with a rapidly varying
environment and derive a Schrodinger-like equation which describes the time
evolution of the average wave function. We show that the corresponding
Hamiltonian can be taken to be Hermitian provided all states are rotated using
an appropriate unitary transformation. The formalism is applied to a variety of
systems and is compared and contrasted with related results describing
stochastic resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98643 </DOCNO>
Random walks on randomly oriented lattices


  Simple random walks on various types of partially horizontally oriented
regular lattices are considered. The horizontal orientations of the lattices
can be of various types (deterministic or random) and depending on the nature
of the orientation the asymptotic behaviour of the random walk is shown to be
recurrent or transient. In particular, for randomly horizontally oriented
lattices the random walk is almost surely transient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4545 </DOCNO>
Resonant Raman Scattering by Charge Density and Single Particle


  We develop a generic theory for the resonant inelastic light (Raman)
scattering by a conduction band quantum plasma taking into account the presence
of the filled valence band in doped semiconductor nanostructures within a
generalized resonant random phase approximation (RPA). Our generalized RPA
theory explicitly incorporates the two-step resonance process where an electron
from the filled valence band is first excited by the incident photon into the
conduction band before an electron from the conduction band falls back into the
valence band emitting the scattered photon. We show that when the incident
photon energy is close to a resonance energy, i.e. the valence-to-conduction
band gap of the semiconductor structure, the Raman scattering spectral weight
at single particle excitation energies may be substantially enhanced even for
long wavelength excitations, and may become comparable to the spectral weight
of collective charge density excitations (plasmon). Away from resonance, i.e.
when the incident photon energy is different from the band gap energy, plasmons
dominate the Raman scattering spectrum. We find no qualitative difference in
the resonance effects on the Raman scattering spectra among systems of
different dimensionalities (one, two and three) within RPA. This is explained
by the decoherence effect of the resonant interband transition on the
collective motion of conduction band electrons. Our theoretical calculations
agree well (qualitatively and semi-quantitatively) with the available
experimental results, in contrast to the standard nonresonant RPA theory which
predicts vanishing long wavelength Raman spectral weight for single particle
excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149736 </DOCNO>
Dirichlet Branes on Orientifolds


  We consider the classification of BPS and non-BPS D-branes in orientifold
models. In particular we construct all stable BPS and non-BPS D-branes in the
Gimon-Polchinski (GP) and Dabholkar-Park-Blum-Zaffaroni (DPBZ) orientifolds and
determine their stability regions in moduli space as well as decay products. We
find several kinds of integrally and torsion charged non-BPS D-branes. Certain
of these are found to have projective representations of the
orientifold $\times$ GSO group on the Chan-Paton factors. It is found that the
GP orientifold is not described by equivariant orthogonal K-theory as may have
been at first expected. Instead a twisted version of this K-theory is expected
to be relevant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95413 </DOCNO>
A note on symplectic singularities


  In this paper we shall prove that the singular locus of a symplectic
singularity has no codimension 3 irreducible components. As a corollary, a
symplectic singularity is terminal if and only if its singular locus has
codimension $\geq 4$.
  It is hoped that a symplectic singularity has much stronger properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95872 </DOCNO>
Dialgebras


  There is a notion of non-commutative Lie algebra called "Leibniz algebra",
which is characterized by the condition: left bracketing is a derivation. The
purpose of this article is to introduce and study a new notion of algebra,
called "associative dialgebra", which is, to the Leibniz algebras, what
associative algebras are to Lie algebras. An associative dialgebra is a vector
space equipped with two associative operations satisfying three more
conditions. For instance, any differential associative algebra gives rise to a
dialgebra.
  In this article we construct and study a (co)homology theory for associative
dialgebras. The surprizing fact, in the construction of the chain complex, is
the appearance of the combinatorics of planar binary trees (grafting and
nesting). The principal result about this homology theory is its vanishing on
free associative dialgebras.
  The Koszul dual (in the sense of Ginzburg and Kapranov) of the operad of
associative dialgebras is the operad of "dendriform algebras". The dendriform
algebras are characterized by two operations satisfying three linear
conditions. The sum of these two operations defines a new operation which is
associative. The free dendriform algebra can be described in terms of planar
binary trees. As a consequence we give an explicitly description of strong
homotopy associative dialgebras.
  This paper is part of a long-standing project whose ultimate aim is to study
periodicity phenomenons in algebraic K-theory, as explained in ``Overview on
Leibniz algebras, dialgebras and their homology". Fields Inst. Commun. 17
(1997), 91--102.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149065 </DOCNO>
Algorithms for affine Kac-Moody algebras


  Weyl groups are ubiquitous, and efficient algorithms for them -- especially
for the exceptional algebras -- are clearly desirable. In this paper we provide
several of these, addressing practical concerns arising naturally for instance
in computational aspects of the study of affine algebras or Wess-Zumino-Witten
conformal field theories. We also discuss the efficiency and numerical accuracy
of these algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1135 </DOCNO>
Percolative shunting on electrified surface


  The surface discharge of electrified dielectrics at high humidity is
considered. The percolative nature of charge transport in electrets is
established. Particular attention is given to the phenomena of adsorption and
nucleation of electrically conducting phase in the cause of percolation cluster
growth on electrified surface. The critical index of the correlation lenght for
percolation cluster is found, and its value is in good agreement with the known
theoretical estimations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129312 </DOCNO>
Broad-band Modeling of GRB Afterglows


  Observations of GRB afterglows ranging from radio to X-ray frequencies
generate large data sets. Careful analysis of these broad-band data can give us
insight into the nature of the GRB progenitor population by yielding such
information like the total energy of the burst, the geometry of the fireball
and the type of environment into which the GRB explodes. We illustrate, by
example, how global, self-consistent fits are a robust approach for
characterizing the afterglow emission. This approach allows a relatively simple
comparison of different models and a way to determine the strengths and
weaknesses of these models, since all are treated self-consistently. Here we
quantify the main differences between the broad-band, self-consistent approach
and the traditional approach, using GRB000301C and GRB970508 as test cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 140 </DOCNO>
Projected Wavefunctions and High Temperature Superconductivity


  We study the Hubbard model with parameters relevant to the cuprates, using
variational Monte Carlo with projected d-wave states. For doping 0 < x < 0.35
we obtain a superconductor whose order parameter tracks the observed
nonmonotonic Tc(x). The variational parameter Delta_{var}(x) scales with the
(pi,0) ``hump'' and T* seen in photoemission. Projection leads to incoherence
in the spectral function, and from the singular behavior of its moments we
obtain the nodal quasiparticle weight Z which vanishes linearly in x, though
the Fermi velocity remains finite as x approaches zero. The Drude weight
D_{low} and superfluid density are consistent with experiments, and D_{low}
scales with Z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75795 </DOCNO>
Erratum for "Supersymmetric Electroweak Baryogenesis"


  We correct a numerical error which led to an overestimate of the baryon
asymmetry from supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis in our paper
JHEP07(2000)018. Updated dependences of the baryon asymmetry on chargino mass
parameters and the bubble wall velocity are shown. We also include
LEP-II-constraints on the chargino mass parameters. Combined with our corrected
results for the baryon asymmetry these constraints imply that the phase in the
chargino mass matrix must violate CP nearly maximally in order to generate a
large enough baryon asymmetry. A number of other typographical errors are also
corrected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5856 </DOCNO>
Efficient Electrical Spin Injection from a Magnetic Metal / Tunnel


  We report electrical spin injection from a ferromagnetic metal contact into a
semiconductor light emitting diode structure with an injection efficiency of
30% which persists to room temperature. The Schottky barrier formed at the
Fe/AlGaAs interface provides a natural tunnel barrier for injection of spin
polarized electrons under reverse bias. These carriers radiatively recombine,
emitting circularly polarized light, and the quantum selection rules relating
the optical and carrier spin polarizations provide a quantitative,
model-independent measure of injection efficiency. This demonstrates that spin
injecting contacts can be formed using a widely employed contact methodology,
providing a ready pathway for the integration of spin transport into
semiconductor processing technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127494 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of the local universe IX. The Perseus-Pisces supercluster and


  We study the mass distribution and the infall pattern of the Perseus-Pisces
(PP) supercluster. First we calculate the mass of the central part of PP, a
sphere with a radius of 15/h Mpc centered at (l,b)=(140.2\deg ,-22.0\deg),
d=50/h Mpc, using the virial and other estimators. We get M_{PP} = 4 -- 7 /h
10^{15} M_{sun}, giving mass-to-light ratio 200 -- 600 h M_{sun} / L_{sun}, and
overdensity \delta \approx 4.
  The radially averaged smoothed density distribution around the PP is inputted
to the Tolman-Bondi (TB) equations, calculated for different cosmologies:
\Omega_0 = [0.1,1], \Omega_{\Lambda} = 1-\Omega_0 or 0. As a result we get the
infall velocities towards the PP center. Comparing the TB results to the
peculiar velocities measured for the Kinematics of the Local Universe (KLUN)
Tully-Fisher data set we get the best fit for the conditions \Omega_0 = 0.2 --
0.4 and v_{inf} < 100 km/s for the Local Group infall towards the center of PP.
The applicability of the TB method in a complex environment, such as PP, is
tested on an N-body simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1973 </DOCNO>
Competition of disorder and interchain hopping in a two-chain Hubbard


  We study the interplay of Anderson localization and interaction in a two
chain Hubbard ladder allowing for arbitrary ratio of disorder strength to
interchain coupling. We obtain three different types of spin gapped localized
phases depending on the strength of disorder: a pinned $4k_F$ Charge Density
Wave (CDW) for weak disorder, a pinned $2k_F$
  CDW$^\pi$ for intermediate disorder and two independently pinned single chain
$2k_F$ CDW for strong disorder.
  Confinement of electrons can be obtained as a result of strong disorder or
strong attraction. We give the full phase diagram as a function of disorder,
interaction strength and interchain hopping. We also study the influence of
interchain hopping on localization length and show that localization is
enhanced by a small interchain hopping but suppressed by a large interchain
hopping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174638 </DOCNO>
Radiative proton capture on $^6$He


  Radiative capture of protons is investigated as a probe of clustering in
nuclei far from stability. The first such measurement on a halo nucleus is
reported here for the reaction $^6$He(p,$\gamma$) at 40 MeV. Capture into
$^7$Li is observed as the strongest channel. In addition, events have been
recorded that may be described by quasi-free capture on a halo neutron, the
$\alpha$ core and $^5$He. The possibility of describing such events by capture
into the continuum of $^7$Li is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128844 </DOCNO>
Parsec-scale structure in the warm ISM from polarized galactic radio


  We present multi-frequency polarization observations of the diffuse radio
synchrotron background modulated by Faraday rotation, in two directions of
positive latitude. No extended total intensity I is observed, which implies
that total intensity has no structure on scales smaller than approximately a
degree. Polarized intensity and polarization angle, however, show abundant
small-scale structure on scales from arcminutes to degrees. Rotation Measure
(RM) maps show coherent structure over many synthesized beams, but also abrupt
large changes over one beam. RM's from polarized extragalactic point sources
are correlated over the field in each of the two fields, indicating a galactic
component to the RM, but show no correlation with the RM map of the diffuse
radiation. The upper limit in structure in I puts constraints on the random and
regular components of the magnetic field in the galactic interstellar medium
and halo. The emission is partly depolarized so that the observed polarization
mostly originates from a nearby part of the medium. This explains the lack of
correlation between RM from diffuse emission and from extragalactic point
sources as the latter is built up over the entire path length through the
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74974 </DOCNO>
The High Density Effects in Heavy Quark Production at pA Colliders


  In this paper we investigate the role of the high density effects in the
heavy quark production cross section in $pA$ processes at RHIC and LHC. We use,
as initial condition, a gluon distribution consistent with fixed target nuclear
data and the Glauber-Mueller approach to describe the high density effects. We
show that this process can be used as a probe of the presence of the high
density effects. Moreover, we include these effects in the calculation of the
heavy quark production in $AA$ collisions, verifying that they cannot be
disregarded both in the estimates of quarkonium suppression and in the initial
conditions of the quark-gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96552 </DOCNO>
Moduli Spaces and Brane Solitons for M-Theory Compactifications on


  We investigate the local geometry on the moduli space of G_2 structures that
arises in compactifications of M-theory on holonomy G_2 manifolds. In
particular, we determine the homogeneity properties of couplings of the
associated N=1, D=4 supergravity under the scaling of moduli space coordinates.
We then find some brane solitons of N=1, D=4 supergravity that are associated
with wrapping M-branes on cycles of the compact space. These include cosmic
strings and domain walls that preserve half of supersymmetry of the
four-dimensional theory, and non-supersymmetric electrically and magnetically
charged black holes. The geometry of some of the black holes is that of
non-extreme M-brane configurations reduced to four-dimensions on a seven torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1318 </DOCNO>
Diffusion algebras


  We define the notion of "diffusion algebras". They are quadratic
Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt (PBW) algebras which are useful in order to find exact
expressions for the probability distributions of stationary states appearing in
one-dimensional stochastic processes with exclusion. One considers processes in
which one has N species, the number of particles of each species being
conserved. All diffusion algebras are obtained. The known examples already used
in applications are special cases in our classification. To help the reader
interested in physical problems, the cases N=3 and 4 are listed separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75203 </DOCNO>
Observable Neutron-Antineutron Oscillations in Seesaw Models of Neutrino


  We show that in a large class of supersymmetric models with spontaneously
broken B-L symmetry, neutron--antineutron oscillations occur at an observable
level even though the scale of B-L breaking is very high, v_{B-L} ~ 2 x 10^{16}
GeV, as suggested by gauge coupling unification and neutrino masses. We
illustrate this phenomenon in the context of a recently proposed class of
seesaw models that solves the strong CP problem and the SUSY phase problem
using parity symmetry. We obtain an upper limit on N-\bar{N} oscillation time
in these models, \tau_{N-\bar{N}} < 10^{9} -10^{10} sec. This suggests that a
modest improvement in the current limit on \tau_{N-\bar{N}} of 0.86 x 10^8 sec
will either lead to the discovery of N-\bar{N} oscillations, or will
considerably restrict the allowed parameter space of an interesting class of
neutrino mass models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113541 </DOCNO>
Coherent Control of Multiphoton Transitions with Femtosecond pulse


  We explore the effects of ultrafast shaped pulses for two-level systems that
do not have a single photon resonance by developing a multiphoton
density-matrix approach. We take advantage of the fact that the dynamics of the
intermediate virtual states are absent within our laser pulse timescales. Under
these conditions, the multiphoton results are similar to the single photon and
that it is possible to extend the single photon coherent control ideas to
develop multiphoton coherent control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129148 </DOCNO>
NGC 2362: a Template for Early Stellar Evolution


  We present UBVRI photometry for the young open cluster NGC 2362. From
analysis of the appropriate color-color and color-magnitude diagrams we derive
the fundamental parameters of the NGC 2362 cluster to be: age = 5 (+1-2) Myr,
distance = 1480 pc, E(B-V)=0.10 mag. The cluster age was independently
determined for both high mass (2.1 - 36Msun) and low mass (0.7 - 1.2Msun) stars
with excellent agreement between the ages derived using post-main sequence and
pre-main sequence evolutionary tracks for the high and low mass stars
respectively. Analysis of this cluster's color-magnitude diagram reveals a well
defined pre-main sequence (covering DeltaV ~ 9 magnitudes in V and extending
from early A stars to near the hydrogen burning limit) which makes this cluster
an ideal laboratory for pre-main sequence evolution studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179419 </DOCNO>
The effect of surface and Coulomb interaction on the liquid-gas phase


  By means of the Furnstahl, Serot and Tang's model, the effects of surface
tension and Coulomb interaction on the liquid-gas phase transition for finite
nuclei are investigated. A limit pressure p-lim above which the liquid-gas
phase transition cannot take place has been found. It is found that comparing
to the Coulomb interaction, the contribution of surface tension is dominate in
low temperature regions. The binodal surface is also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169112 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing Using an Open System and Projected Subspace


  Using the subdynamical kinetic equation for an open quantum system, a
formulation is presented for performing decoherence-free (DF) quantum computing
in Rigged Liouville Space (RLS). Three types of interactions were considered,
and in each case, stationary and evolutionary states were evaluated for DF
behavior in both the total space and the projected subspace. Projected
subspaces were found using the subdynamics kinetic equation. It was shown that
although the total space may be decoherent, the subspace can be DF. In the
projected subspace, the evolution of the density operator may be time
asymmetric. Hence, a formulation for performing quantum computing in RLS or
rigged Hilbert space (RHS) was proposed, and a quantum Controlled-Not Logical
gate with corresponding operations in RLS (RHS) was constructed. A generalized
quantum Turing machine in RHS was also discussed. Key Words: Quantum Computing,
Subdynamics, Rigged Liouvile Space, Decoherence, Open System PACS:
05.30.-d+85.30+82.20.Db+84.35.+i

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4746 </DOCNO>
Dendritic flux patterns in MgB2 films


  Magneto-opitcal studies of a c-oriented epitaxial MgB2 film with critical
current density 10^7 A/cm^2 demonstrate a breakdown of the critical state at
temperatures below 10 K [cond-mat/0104113]. Instead of conventional uniform and
gradual flux penetration in an applied magnetic field, we observe an abrupt
invasion of complex dendritic structures. When the applied field subsequently
decreases, similar dendritic structures of the return flux penetrate the film.
The static and dynamic properties of the dendrites are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2547 </DOCNO>
Derivation of effective spin models from a three band model for


  The derivation of effective spin models describing the low energy magnetic
properties of undoped CuO_2-planes is reinvestigated. Our study aims at a {\it
quantitative} determination of the parameters of effective spin models from
those of a multi-band model and is supposed to be relevant to the analysis of
recent improved experimental data on the spin wave spectrum of La_2CuO_4.
Starting from a conventional three-band model we determine the exchange
couplings for the nearest and next-nearest neighbor Heisenberg exchange as well
as for 4- and 6-spin exchange terms via a direct perturbation expansion up to
12th order with respect to the copper-oxygen hopping t_pd. Our results
demonstrate that this perturbation expansion does not converge for hopping
parameters of the relevant size. Well behaved extrapolations of the couplings
are derived, however, in terms of Pad\'e approximants. In order to check the
significance of these results from the direct perturbation expansion we employ
the Zhang-Rice reformulation of the three band model in terms of hybridizing
oxygen Wannier orbitals centered at copper ion sites. In the Wannier notation
the perturbation expansion is reorganized by an exact treatment of the strong
site-diagonal hybridization. The perturbation expansion with respect to the
weak intersite hybridizations shows excellent convergence and the results are
in agreement with the Pad\'e approximants of the direct expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3980 </DOCNO>
On the Behavior of the Lifshitz Line in Ternary


  We present results of the study of the non-monotonous behavior of the
Lifshitz line as a function of temperature in ternary
homopolymer/diblock-copolymer mixtures. The non-monotonous behavior of the
Lifshitz line is due to the wave vector dependence of fluctuational
corrections, which we treat in the framework of the renormalization group
method. Our results are in agreement with the experimental findings of Schwahn
et al.[1,2]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 478 </DOCNO>
Quantum Breakdown of the Quantized Hall Insulator


  We present an analytical scaling theory for localization in a two-dimensional
hierarchical network model that is designed to represent phase-coherent
electron transport in the quantum-Hall regime. Scaling expressions for both the
longitudinal and Hall resistivities are derived. In agreement with recent
numerical studies, we find that the Hall resistivity is quantized in the
metallic phase but diverges in the insulating phase. This suggests that the
characteristics of a quantized Hall insulator can occur only in the presence of
a strong dephasing mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123822 </DOCNO>
Limits on the cosmological abundance of supermassive compact objects


  A new search for the gravitational lens effects of a significant cosmological
density of supermassive compact objects (SCOs) on gamma-ray bursts has yielded
a null result. We inspected the timing data of 774 BATSE-triggered GRBs for
evidence of millilensing: repeated peaks similar in light-curve shape and
spectra. Our null detection leads us to conclude that, in all candidate
universes simulated, $\Omega_{SCO} < 0.1$ is favored for $10^5 <
M_{SCO}/M_{\odot} < 10^9$, while in some universes and mass ranges the density
limits are as much as 10 times lower. Therefore, a cosmologically significant
population of SCOs near globular cluster mass neither came out of the
primordial universe, nor condensed at recombination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75120 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass Operator Renormalization Revisited


  We re-derive the renormalization group equation for the effective coupling of
the dimension five operator which corresponds to a Majorana mass matrix for the
Standard Model neutrinos. We find a result which differs somewhat from earlier
calculations, leading to modifications in the evolution of leptonic mixing
angles and CP phases. We also present a general method for calculating
beta-functions from counterterms in MS-like renormalization schemes, which
works for tensorial quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125860 </DOCNO>
A Survey of M31 Globular Clusters using WFPC2 on board HST


  We report new, as yet unpublished HST/WFPC2 V, I photometry of 9 globular
clusters in M31. These are part of a total sample of 19 clusters on M31 with
well observed CMDs from HST. The clusters have the full range of horizontal
branch morphologies from blue HB to red clump, but none are found with an
extreme (blue only) horizontal branch. Plots of HB type vs [Fe/H] are similar
to those of Galactic clusters, including a hint of second parameter clusters.
Sixteen halo fields adjacent to the observed clusters included in our images
have been analysed. The M31 halo metallicity distribution peaks at [Fe/H]=--0.7
with a tail toward low metallicity, resembling the halo of NGC 5128; metal rich
giants appear to be centrally concentrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7299 </DOCNO>
The stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation


  We show how to adapt the ideas of local energy and momentum conservation in
order to derive modifications to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which can be
used phenomenologically to describe irreversible effects in a Bose-Einstein
condensate. Our approach involves the derivation of a simplified quantum
kinetic theory, in which all processes are treated locally. It is shown that
this kinetic theory can then be transformed into a number of phase-space
representations, of which the Wigner function description, although
approximate, is shown to be the most advantageous. In this description, the
quantum kinetic master equation takes the form of a GPE with noise and damping
added according to a well-defined prescription--an equation we call the
stochastic GPE. From this, a very simplified description we call the
phenomenological growth equation can be derived. We use this equation to study
i) the nucleation and growth of vortex lattices, and ii) nonlinear losses in a
hydrogen condensate, which it is shown can lead to a curious instability
phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3392 </DOCNO>
Subgap transport in ferromagnet-superconductor junctions due to


  We propose a new process of magnon-assisted Andreev reflection at a
ferromagnetic metal - superconductor interface, which consists of the
simultaneous injection of a Cooper pair from the superconductor and the
emission of a magnon inside the ferromagnet. At low temperature this process
represents an additional channel for sub-gap transport across an FS interface,
which lifts restrictions on the current resulting from the necessity to match
spin-polarized current in the ferromagnet with spin-less current in the
superconductor. For a junction between a superconductor and a ferromagnet with
an arbitrary degree of polarization, the inelastic magnon-assisted Andreev
reflection process would manifest itself as a nonlinear addition to the $I(V)$
characteristics which is asymmetric with respect to the sign of the bias
voltage and is related to the density of states of magnons in the ferromagnet.
Expressions for the subgap $I(V)$ characteristics are given for arbitrary
interfacial quality whilst the limiting cases of uniformly transparent and
disordered interfaces are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179594 </DOCNO>
The $\chi$-BS(3) approach


  We present the results of the $\chi$-BS(3) approach demonstrating that a
combined chiral and 1/N_c expansion of the Bethe-Salpeter interaction kernel
leads to a good description of the kaon-nucleon, antikaon-nucleon and
pion-nucleon scattering data typically up to laboratory momenta of p_lab~500
MeV. We solve the covariant on-shell reduced coupled channel Bethe-Salpeter
equation with the interaction kernel truncated to chiral order Q^3 and to the
leading order in the 1/N_c expansion

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5726 </DOCNO>
Tautomeric Transitions in DNA


  We study the tautomeric transitions in base pairs of DNA considering elastic
properties of DNA as classical and tunneling of protons as quantum, and show
that the dynamics of the transitions admits of soliton like solutions whose
shape and size strongly depend on the structure of the double helix. In
particular, we have found that the set of discrete breathers can be drastically
modified by the interplay of the torsional and elastic constants. Our results
may have a bearing upon substitution mutagenesis within the framework of
Watson-Crick's approach, and in this respect the breather soliton could
describe conformations corresponding to point mutations. The numerical
simulation of soliton dynamics suggests that an initial distribution of base
pairs with low probability of mutation per pair but of a sufficiently large
number of base pairs involved, could move and gather around a site so as to
form a set of base pairs with high probability of mutation, for a period of
time approximately 1 musec. We suggest that the irradiation of DNA at
frequencies of the proton tunneling, that is in infra-red region, could cause
mutations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3504 </DOCNO>
Hopping conductivity in heavily doped n-type GaAs layers in the quantum


  We investigate the magnetoresistance of epitaxially grown, heavily doped
n-type GaAs layers with thickness (40-50 nm) larger than the electronic mean
free path (23 nm). The temperature dependence of the dissipative resistance
R_{xx} in the quantum Hall effect regime can be well described by a hopping law
(R_{xx} \propto exp{-(T_0/T)^p}) with p=0.6. We discuss this result in terms of
variable range hopping in a Coulomb gap together with a dependence of the
electron localization length on the energy in the gap. The value of the
exponent p>0.5 shows that electron-electron interactions have to be taken into
account in order to explain the occurrence of the quantum Hall effect in these
samples, which have a three-dimensional single electron density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72561 </DOCNO>
Everyone Makes Mistakes - Including Feynman


  This talk is dedicated to Alberto Sirlin in celebration of his seventieth
birthday. I wish to convey my deep appreciation of his many important
contributions to particle physics over 40 years and look forward to many more
years of productive research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95868 </DOCNO>
The Culler-Shalen seminorms of the (-3,3,4) pretzel knot


  We describe a method to compute the Culler-Shalen seminorms of a knot, using
the (-3,3,4) pretzel knot as an illustrative example. We deduce that the
SL2(C)-character variety of this knot consists of three algebraic curves and
that it admits no non-trivial cyclic or finite surgeries. We also summarize
similar results for other (-3,3,n) pretzel knots including the observation that
the Seifert surgeries for these knots are precisely those integral slopes lying
between two of the boundary slopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127522 </DOCNO>
The Static Universe Hypothesis: Theoretical Basis and Observational


  From the axiom of the unrestricted repeatability of all experiments, Bondi
and Gold argued that the universe is in a stable, self-perpetuating equilibrium
state. This concept generalizes the usual cosmological principle to the perfect
cosmological principle in which the universe looks the same from any location
at any time. Consequently, I hypothesize that the universe is static and in an
equilibrium state (non-evolving).
  New physics is proposed based on the concept that the universe is a pure wave
system. Based on the new physics and assuming a static universe, processes are
derived for the Hubble redshift and the cosmic background radiation field.
  Then, following the scientific method, I test deductions of the static
universe hypothesis using precise observational data primarily from the Hubble
Space Telescope. Applying four different global tests of the space-time metric,
I find that the observational data consistently fits the static universe model.
The observational data also show that the average absolute magnitudes and
physical radii of first-rank elliptical galaxies have not changed over the last
5 to 15 billion years.
  Because the static universe hypothesis is a logical deduction from the
perfect cosmological principle and the hypothesis is confirmed by the
observational data, I conclude that the universe is static and in an
equilibrium state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148322 </DOCNO>
On M-9-branes and their dimensional reductions


  The M-9-brane Wess-Zumino action is constructed, and by using it, consistency
of the relation of p-branes for $p \ge 8$, suggested on the basis of
superalgebra, is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7274 </DOCNO>
Cascade kernels for models of the turbulent fluid cascade


  This paper presents calculations of the Castaing (Physica D, 46, 177, 1990)
cascade kernels for five well-known models of the turbulent cascade and
demonstrates that these kernels provide conceptually simple and direct
descriptions of turbulence models equivalent to their multifractal spectra. The
problem with a log-normal model seems to be that its Castaing kernel predicts a
small but non-zero probability that finite-amplitude turbulence will decay to
arbitrarily large turbulent amplitudes at smaller scales. Kernels for
log-Poisson models do not have this pathology. It is shown how kernels evolve
when the cascade model itself varies with scale. Future studies of other
kernels compatible with and even dictated by detailed fluid physics may assist
understanding of the turbulent cascade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95683 </DOCNO>
Hankel and Toeplitz-Schur Multipliers


  We study the problem of characterizing Hankel-Schur multipliers and
Toeplitz-Schur multipliers of Schatten-von Neumann class $\bS_p$ for $0<p<1$.
We obtain various sharp necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for a
Hankel matrix to be a Schur multiplier of $\bS_p$. We also give a
characterization of the Hankel-Schur multipliers of $\bS_p$ whose symbols have
lacunary power series. Then the results on Hankel-Schur multipliers are used to
obtain a characterization of the Toeplitz-Schur multipliers of $\bS_p$.
Finally, we return to Hankel-Schur multipliers and obtain new results in the
case when the symbol of the Hankel matrix is a complex measure on the unit
circle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149547 </DOCNO>
Lump Scattering on a Torus


  Head-on collisions between two solitons in the pure $CP^1$ model on a flat
torus are investigated via numerical simulations. The charge-two lumps, written
out in terms of Weierstrass' elliptic $\wp$-function, are found to scatter at
90$^{\circ}$. The phenomenon of singularity formation is also seen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125411 </DOCNO>
On possible observational evidences of spiral shocks in accretion disks


  The results of three-dimensional numerical simulations of mass transfer in
binaries with spiral shocks are presented. It is shown that the mass transfer
rate variation disturbs the equilibrium state of accretion disk and results in
formation of the blob. This dense formation moves on the disk with variable
velocity. The results of our simulations show that the blob lives long enough
and retains its main characteristics for the time of order of tens orbital
periods. Analysis of the results shows that the action of dissipation is
negligible on these timescales and the blob smearing out due to differential
rotation of the disk is stopped by its interaction with spiral shocks.
   Light curves of some CVs show periodic or quasi-periodic photometric
modulations with typical period 0.1-0.2P_orb. We suggest to consider the
formation of the blob in binaries with spiral shocks as a possible reason for
these modulations. The efficiency of this mechanism is confirmed by good
qualitative (and, in part, quantitative) agreement between the results of our
simulations and observations of binaries IP Peg and EX Dra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74645 </DOCNO>
Susy QCD and High Energy Cosmic Rays 1. Fragmentation functions of Susy


  The supersymmetric evolution of the fragmentation functions (or timelike
evolution) within N=1 $QCD$ is discussed and predictions for the fragmentation
functions of the theory (into final protons) are given. We use a backward
running of the supersymmetric DGLAP equations, using a method developed in
previous works. We start from the usual QCD parameterizations at low energy and
run the DGLAP back, up to an intermediate scale -assumed to be supersymmetric-
where we switch-on supersymmetry. From there on we assume the applicability of
an N=1 supersymmetric evolution (ESAP). We elaborate on possible application of
these results to High Energy Cosmic Rays near the GZK cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 466 </DOCNO>
Localization and absence of Breit-Wigner form for Cauchy random band


  We analytically calculate the local density of states for Cauchy random band
matrices with strongly fluctuating diagonal elements. The Breit-Wigner form for
ordinary band matrices is replaced by a Levy distribution of index $\mu=1/2$
and the characteristic energy scale $\alpha$ is strongly enhanced as compared
to the Breit-Wigner width. The unperturbed eigenstates decay according to the
non-exponential law $\propto e^{-\sqrt{\alpha t}}$. We analytically determine
the localization length by a new method to derive the supersymmetric non-linear
$\sigma$ model for this type of band matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129233 </DOCNO>
Failed gamma-ray bursts and orphan afterglows


  It is believed that orphan afterglow searches can help to measure the beaming
angle in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Great expectations have been put on this
method. We point out that the method is in fact not as simple as we originally
expected. Due to the baryon-rich environment that is common to almost all
popular progenitor models, there should be many failed gamma-ray bursts, i.e.,
fireballs with Lorentz factor much less than 100 -- 1000, but still much larger
than unity. In fact, the number of failed gamma-ray bursts may even be much
larger than that of successful bursts. Owing to the existence of these failed
gamma-ray bursts, there should be many orphan afterglows even if GRBs are due
to isotropic fireballs, then the simple discovery of orphan afterglows never
means that GRBs be collimated. Unfortunately, to distinguish a failed-GRB
orphan and a jetted but off-axis GRB orphan is not an easy task. The major
problem is that the trigger time is unknown. Some possible solutions to the
problem are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4084 </DOCNO>
Field-domain spintronics in magnetic semiconductor multiple quantum


  We develop a theory of non-linear growth direction transport in magnetically
doped II-VI compound semiconductor multiple-quantum-well systems. We find that
the formation of electric field domains can be controlled by manipulating the
space dependence of the band electron spin-polarization, using its exchange
coupling to local moments. We emphasize the importance of band electron spin
relaxation in limiting the strength of these effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179735 </DOCNO>
Echos of the liquid-gas phase transition in multifragmentation


  A general discussion is made concerning the ways in which one can get
signatures about a possible liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter.
Microcanonical temperature, heat capacity and second order derivative of the
entropy versus energy formulas have been deduced in a general case. These
formulas are {\em exact}, simply applicable and do not depend on any model
assumption. Therefore, they are suitable to be applied on experimental data.
The formulas are tested in various situations. It is evidenced that when the
freeze-out constraint is of fluctuating volume type the deduced (heat capacity
and second order derivative of the entropy versus energy) formulas will prompt
the spinodal region through specific signals. Finally, the same microcanonical
formulas are deduced for the case when an incomplete number of fragments per
event are available. These formulas could overcome the freeze-out backtracking
deficiencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97147 </DOCNO>
Network Flow Optimization for Restoration of Images


  The network flow optimization approach is offered for restoration of
grayscale and color images corrupted by noise. The Ising models are used as a
statistical background of the proposed method. The new multiresolution network
flow minimum cut algorithm, which is especially efficient in identification of
the maximum a posteriori estimates of corrupted images, is presented. The
algorithm is able to compute the MAP estimates of large size images and can be
used in a concurrent mode. We also describe the efficient solutions of the
problem of integer minimization of two energy functions for the Ising models of
gray-scale and color images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98647 </DOCNO>
q-Algebras and Arrangements of Hyperplanes


  Varchenko's treatment of quantum groups, by means of the theory of
arrangements of hyperplanes, can be usefully applied to q-algebras in general,
of which quantum groups and quantum (super) Kac-Moody algebras, are special
cases. New results are obtained on the classification of q-algebras, and of the
Serre ideals of generalized quantum (super) Kac-Moody algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1263 </DOCNO>
Andreev bound states and $\pi $-junction transition in a superconductor


  We study Andreev bound states and $\pi $-junction transition in a
superconductor / quantum-dot / superconductor (S-QD-S) system by Green function
method. We derive an equation to describe the Andreev bound states in S-QD-S
system, and provide a unified understanding of the $\pi $-junction transition
caused by three different mechanisms: (1) {\it Zeeman splitting.} For QD with
two spin levels $E_{\uparrow}$ and $E_{\downarrow}$, we find that the surface
of the Josephson current $I(\phi =\frac \pi 2)$ vs the configuration of
$(E_{\uparrow},E_{\downarrow})$ exhibits interesting profile: a sharp peak
around $E_{\uparrow}=E_{\downarrow}=0$; a positive ridge in the region of
$E_{\uparrow}\cdot E_{\downarrow}>0$; and a {\em % negative}, flat, shallow
plain in the region of $E_{\uparrow}\cdot E_{\downarrow}<0$. (2){\it \
Intra-dot interaction.} We deal with the intra-dot Coulomb interaction by
Hartree-Fock approximation, and find that the system behaves as a $\pi
$-junction when QD becomes a magnetic dot due to the interaction. The
conditions for $\pi $-junction transition are also discussed. (3) {\it \
Non-equilibrium distribution.} We replace the Fermi distribution $f(\omega)$ by
a non-equilibrium one $\frac 12[ f(\omega -V_c)+f(\omega +V_c)] $, and allow
Zeeman splitting in QD where $% E_{\uparrow}=-E_{\downarrow}=h.$ The curves of
$I(\phi =\frac \pi 2)$ vs $% V_c$ show the novel effect of interplay of
non-equilibrium distribution with magnetization in QD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98255 </DOCNO>
Analytic properties of the return mapping of Lienard Equations


  An effective version of Bautin's theory with explicit estimates on the size
of the neighborhood on which the number of limit cycles is controlled is given
here for the case of Lienard Systems. The Bautin ideal is computed and the
conjecture of W. de Melo-A. Lins Neto-C.C. Pugh is checked at any order of the
perturbation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179231 </DOCNO>
Neutrino absortion cross sections in supernova environment


  We study charged-current neutrino cross sections on neutronrich nuclei in the
mass $A\sim60$ region. Special attention is paid to environmental effects, i.e.
finite temperature and density, on the cross sections. As these effects are
largest for small neutrino energies, it is sufficient to study only the
Gamow-Teller (GT) contributions to the cross sections. The relevant GT strength
distributions are derived from large-scale shell model calculations. We find
that the low-energy cross sections are enhanced at finite temperatures.
However, for $(\nu_e,e^-)$ reactions Pauli blocking of the electrons in the
final state makes the cross sections for low-energy neutrinos much smaller than
for the competing inelastic scattering on electrons at moderate and large
densities. Absorption cross sections for low-energy antineutrinos are strongly
enhanced at finite temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126478 </DOCNO>
FLAIR-II spectroscopy of two DENIS J-band galaxy samples


  As a pilot survey for the forthcoming 6dF Galaxy Redshift Survey,
spectroscopy of galaxies selected in J (1.2 mu) with the DENIS survey was
performed at the UKST using the FLAIR II multi-object spectroscope. 69 galaxy
redshifts (z's) were obtained in a high |b| field and an additional 12 z's in a
low latitude (b=-17 deg), obscured field. This study illustrates the
feasibility of obtaining z's with optical spectra on galaxies selected at much
longer wavelengths. It validated a very preliminary algorithm for star/galaxy
separation for high |b| DENIS objects, with 99% reliability for J < 13.9.
However, the FLAIR II z determinations required substantially longer
integration times to achieve 90% completeness than expected from previous
optical surveys at comparable depth. This is mainly due to a degradation in
overall fibre throughput due to known problems with ageing of the
prism-cement-fibre interface with exposure to UV light. Our low |b| (high
extinction) field required 2.5 times more exposure time for less than 50% of
successful z measurements. Among the J <= 13.9 galaxies with measured z's, only
37+/-6% display emission lines, in comparison with 60% of emission-line
galaxies (ELGs) in optical samples of comparable depth. The ELGs are, on
average, 0.5 mag bluer in B-J than non-ELGs of the same luminosity. We confirm
a previous optically-based result that the fraction of ELGs increases rapidly
with decreasing galaxy luminosity. The J-band luminosity function is estimated.
Our high latitude field displays a concentration of galaxies at cz ~ 38000 km/s
suggesting a possible supercluster. A radial velocity is reported for a galaxy
lying near the projected centre of the Abell 1434 cluster of galaxies, for
which no cluster z is currently available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169548 </DOCNO>
Towards a unification of physics and information theory


  A common framework for quantum mechanics, thermodynamics and information
theory is presented. It is accomplished by reinterpreting the mathematical
formalism of Everett's many-worlds theory of quantum mechanics and augmenting
it to include preparation according to a given ensemble. The notion of
\emph{directed entanglement} is introduced through which both classical and
quantum communication over quantum channels are viewed as entanglement
transfer. This point is illustrated by proving the Holevo bound and quantum
data processing inequality relying exclusively on the properties of directed
entanglement. Within the model, quantum thermodynamic entropy is also related
to directed entanglement, and a simple proof of the second law of
thermodynamics is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169468 </DOCNO>
Universal Quantum Estimator


  We present a simple device based on the controlled-SWAP gate that performs
quantum state tomography. It can also be used to determine maximum and minimum
eigenvalues, expectation values of arbitrary observables, purity estimation as
well as characterizing quantum channels. The advantage of this scheme is that
the architecture is fixed and the task performed is determined by the input
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74779 </DOCNO>
The photoproduction of vector mesons


  At high energy, the photoproduction or electroproduction of Vector Mesons
allow to prepare a beam of quark-antiquark pairs of a given flavor. At high
momentum transfer, the study of the scattering of these pairs on a nucleon
opens up an original window on the quark-gluon structure of hadronic matter,
which may eventually shed light on its gluonic content, on correlations between
quarks and on the van der Walls part of the interaction between hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168867 </DOCNO>
Stochastic control of quantum coherence


  The application of a random modulation of a system parameter usually
increases decoherence effects. Here we show how, employing an appropriate
stochastic modulation, it is instead possible to preserve the quantum coherence
of a system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7545 </DOCNO>
A Geometric Fractal Growth Model for Scale Free Networks


  We introduce a deterministic model for scale-free networks, whose degree
distribution follows a power-law with the exponent $\gamma$. At each time step,
each vertex generates its offsprings, whose number is proportional to the
degree of that vertex with proportionality constant m-1 (m>1). We consider the
two cases: first, each offspring is connected to its parent vertex only,
forming a tree structure, and secondly, it is connected to both its parent and
grandparent vertices, forming a loop structure. We find that both models
exhibit power-law behaviors in their degree distributions with the exponent
$\gamma=1+\ln (2m-1)/\ln m$. Thus, by tuning m, the degree exponent can be
adjusted in the range, $2 <\gamma < 3$. We also solve analytically a mean
shortest-path distance d between two vertices for the tree structure, showing
the small-world behavior, that is, $d\sim \ln N/\ln {\bar k}$, where N is
system size, and $\bar k$ is the mean degree. Finally, we consider the case
that the number of offsprings is the same for all vertices, and find that the
degree distribution exhibits an exponential-decay behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72522 </DOCNO>
Anomaly Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking, D-terms and R-symmetry


  We explore two distinct resolutions to the tachyonic slepton puzzle in the
Anomaly Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking scenario. Both are based on extending
the MSSM by an anomaly free U(1) symmetry, and in both cases exact RG
invariance is preserved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150010 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Symmetry in Sine-Gordon Theory


  As a prototype of powerful non-abelian symmetry in an Integrable System, I
will show the appearance of a Witt algebra of vector fields in the SG theory.
This symmetry does not share anything with the well-known Virasoro algebra of
the conformal $c=1$ unperturbed limit. Although it is quasi-local in the SG
field theory, nevertheless it gives rise to a local action on $N$-soliton
solution variables. I will explicitly write the action on special variables,
which possess a beautiful geometrical meaning and enter the Form Factor
expressions of quantum theory. At the end, I will also give some preliminary
hints about the quantisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128870 </DOCNO>
The European Large Area ISO Survey VII: ROSAT observations of ELAIS


  We present a cross-correlation between the ELAIS 15$\mu$m ISO survey with the
{\it ROSAT} (0.1-2 keV) all-sky survey and the pointed observations WGACAT
source catalogue.
  The resulting sample contains 15 objects.
  Optical spectroscopic identifications exist for 13 objects: 6 broad-line
QSOs, 4 narrow line galaxies or type-2 AGN (NLG) and 3 stars. We have used both
the X-ray to IR luminosity flux ratio $f_{x}/f_{IR}$ and the X-ray hardness
ratios diagnostics to estimate the amount of obscuration in these objects.
  The X-ray spectrum of the narrow-line galaxies does not present strong
evidence for obscuration; however, the low $f_{x}/f_{IR}$ ratio combined with
the high X-ray luminosities suggest that at least one of the narrow line
galaxies is associated with an obscured Seyfert nucleus. 4 out of 6 QSOs
present high $f_{x}/f_{IR}$ ratios and steep X-ray spectra with $\Gamma>2$. One
QSO (ELAISC15-J133442+375736) at a redshift of z=1.89, has an abnormally low
X-ray/IR flux ratio, with its infrared luminosity approaching that of an
hyperluminous galaxy ($\sim10^{12.98} h^{-2} L_\odot$). Finally, one radio-loud
QSO is the hardest X-ray source in our sample, presenting strong evidence for a
high absorbing column ($N_H\sim10^{22}\rm cm^{-2}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76999 </DOCNO>
Finite-Temperature Gluon Condensate with Renormalization Group Flow


  Within a self-consistent proper-time Renormalization Group (RG) approach we
investigate an effective QCD trace anomaly realization with dilatons and
determine the finite-temperature behavior of the gluon condensate. Fixing the
effective model at vanishing temperature to the glueball mass and the bag
constant a possible gluonic phase transition is explored in detail. Within the
RG framework the full non-truncated dilaton potential analysis is compared with
a truncated potential version.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97468 </DOCNO>
Long Range Scattering and Modified Wave Operators for the


  We study the theory of scattering for the system consisting of a Schr"odinger
equation and a wave equation with a Yukawa type coupling,in space dimension
3.We prove in particular the existence of modified wave operators for that
system with no size restriction on the data and we determine the asymptotic
behaviour in time of solutions in the range of the wave operators.The method
consists in solving the wave equation, substituting the result into the
Schr"odinger equation,which then becomes both nonlinear and nonlocal in
time,and treating the latter by the method previously used for a family of
generalized Hartree equations with long range interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128473 </DOCNO>
Distortions of Experimental Muon Arrival Time Distributions of Extensive


  Event-by-event measured arrival time distributions of Extensive Air Shower
(EAS) muons are affected and distorted by various interrelated effects which
originate from the time resolution of the timing detectors, from fluctuations
of the reference time and the number (multiplicity) of detected muons spanning
the arrival time distribution of the individual EAS events. The origin of these
effects is discussed, and different correction procedures, which involve
detailed simulations, are proposed and illustrated. The discussed distortions
are relevant for relatively small observation distances (R < 200 m) from the
EAS core. Their significance decreases with increasing observation distance and
increasing primary energies. Local arrival time distributions which refer to
the observed arrival time of the first local muon prove to be less sensitive to
the mass of the primary. This feature points to the necessity of arrival time
measurements with additional information on the curvature of the EAS disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86537 </DOCNO>
Quantum cosmology with a curvature squared action


  The correct quantum description for a curvature squared term in the action
can be obtained by casting the action in the canonical form with the
introduction of a variable which is the negative of the first derivative of the
field variable appearing in the action, only after removing the total
derivative terms from the action. We present the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and
obtain the expression for the probability density and current density from the
equation of continuity. Furthermore, in the weak energy limit we obtain the
classical Einstein equation. Finally we present a solution of the wave
equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125514 </DOCNO>
Solar System Objects Observed in the SDSS Commissioning Data


  We discuss measurements of the properties of about 10,000 asteroids detected
in 500 deg2 of sky in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) commissioning data.
The moving objects are detected in the magnitude range 14 < r < 21.5, with a
baseline of 5 minutes. Extensive tests show that the sample is at least 98%
complete, with the contamination rate of less than 3%.
  We find that the size distribution of asteroids resembles a broken power-law,
independent of the heliocentric distance: D^{-2.3} for 0.4 km < D < 5 km, and
D^{-4} for 5 km < D < 40 km. As a consequence of this break, the number of
asteroids with r < 21.5 is ten times smaller than predicted by extrapolating
the power-law relation observed for brighter asteroids (r < 18). The observed
counts imply that there are about 530,000 objects with D>1 km in the asteroid
belt, or about four times less than previous estimates.
  The distribution of main belt asteroids in the 4-dimensional SDSS color space
is bimodal, and the two groups can be associated with S (rocky) and C
(carbonaceous) asteroids. A strong bimodality is also seen in the heliocentric
distribution of asteroids and suggests the existence of two distinct belts: the
inner rocky belt, about 1 AU wide (FWHM) and centered at R~2.8 AU, and the
outer carbonaceous belt, about 0.5 AU wide and centered at R~3.2 AU. The colors
of Hungarias, Mars crossers, and near-Earth objects are more similar to the
C-type than to S-type asteroids, suggesting that they originate in the outer
belt. (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123890 </DOCNO>
HI spectra and column densities toward HVC and IVC probes


  We show 21-cm line profiles in the direction of stars and extragalactic
objects, lying projected on high- and intermediate-velocity clouds (HVCs and
IVCs). About half of these are from new data obtained with the Effelsberg 100-m
telescope, about a quarter are extracted from the Leiden-Dwingeloo Survey (LDS)
and the remaining quarter were observed with other single-dish telescopes. HI
column densities were determined for each HVC/IVC. Wakker (2001) (Paper I) uses
these in combination with optical and ultraviolet high-resolution measurements
to derive abundances. Here, an analysis is given of the difference and ratio of
N(HI) as observed with a 9 arcmin versus a 35 arcmin beam. For HVCs and IVCs
the ratio N(HI-9 arcmin)/N(HI-35 arcmin) lies in the range 0.2-2.5. For
low-velocity gas this ratio ranges from 0.75 to 1.3 (the observed ratio is
0.85-1.4, but it appears that the correction for stray radiation is slightly
off). The smaller range for the low-velocity gas may be caused by confusion in
the line of sight, so that a low ratio in one component can be compensated by a
high ratio in another -- for 11 low-velocity clouds fit by one component the
distribution of ratios has a larger dispersion. Comparison with higher angular
resolution data is possible for sixteen sightlines. Eight sightlines with HI
data at 1 arcmin-2 arcmin resolution show a range of 0.75-1.25 for N(HI-2
arcmin)/N(HI-9 arcmin), while in eight other sightlines N(HI-Ly-alpha)/N(HI-9
arcmin) ranges from 0.74 to 0.98.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 837 </DOCNO>
Neural Propagation of Beliefs


  We continue to explore the hypothesis that neuronal populations represent and
process analog variables in terms of probability density functions (PDFs). A
neural assembly encoding the joint probability density over relevant analog
variables can in principle answer any meaningful question about these variables
by implementing the Bayesian rules of inference. Aided by an intermediate
representation of the probability density based on orthogonal functions
spanning an underlying low-dimensional function space, we show how neural
circuits may be generated from Bayesian belief networks. The ideas and the
formalism of this PDF approach are illustrated and tested with several
elementary examples, and in particular through a problem in which model-driven
top-down information flow influences the processing of bottom-up sensory input.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83758 </DOCNO>
Annotated revision programs


  Revision programming is a formalism to describe and enforce updates of belief
sets and databases. That formalism was extended by Fitting who assigned
annotations to revision atoms. Annotations provide a way to quantify the
confidence (probability) that a revision atom holds. The main goal of our paper
is to reexamine the work of Fitting, argue that his semantics does not always
provide results consistent with intuition, and to propose an alternative
treatment of annotated revision programs. Our approach differs from that
proposed by Fitting in two key aspects: we change the notion of a model of a
program and we change the notion of a justified revision. We show that under
this new approach fundamental properties of justified revisions of standard
revision programs extend to the annotated case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150099 </DOCNO>
Quantum Properties of Solitons in $U(\phi)=\phi^2\ln^2(\phi^2)$ and


  Recently we constructed two new $(1+1)$-dimensional scalar field theory
models that posses solitonic solutions. They are the
$U(\phi)=\phi^2\ln^2(\phi^2)$ and the $U(\phi)=\phi^2\cos^2(\phi^2)$ models .
The first quantum corrections for these models are given by exactly solvable
Schrodinger equations. In this paper we first examine the quantum meaning of
the solitonic solutions and study the scattering of the mesons by the quantum
soliton at order $\hbar$. Finally we give a finite expression for the soliton
masses of both models and evaluate such expression approximately in the case of
the second model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125665 </DOCNO>
Luminosity density estimation from redshift surveys and the mass density


  In most direct estimates of the mass density (visible or dark) of the
Universe, a central input parameter is the luminosity density of the Universe.
Here we consider the measurement of this luminosity density from red-shift
surveys, as a function of the yet undetermined characteristic scale R_H at
which the spatial distribution of visible matter tends to a well defined
homogeneity. Making the canonical assumption that the cluster mass to
luminosity ratio M/L is the universal one, we can estimate the total mass
density as a function \Omega_m(R_H,M/L). Taking the highest estimated cluster
value M/L ~300h and a conservative lower limit R_H > 20 Mpc/h, we obtain the
upper bound \Omega_m < 0.1 . We note that for values of the homogeneity scale
R_H in the range R_H ~ (90 +/- 45) hMpc, the value of \Omega_m may be
compatible with the nucleosynthesis inferred density in baryons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149196 </DOCNO>
Motion on moduli spaces with potentials


  In the limit of small velocities, the dynamics of half-BPS Yang-Mills-Higgs
solitons can be described by the geodesic approximation. Recently, it has been
shown that quarter-BPS states require the addition of a potential term to this
approximation. We explain the logic behind this modification for a larger class
of models and then analyse in detail the dynamics of two five-dimensional
dyonic instantons, using both analytical and numerical techniques.
Nonzero-modes are shown to play a crucial role in the analysis of these
systems, and we explain how these modes lead to qualitatively new types of
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99258 </DOCNO>
Hitting properties of a random string


  We consider Funaki's model of a random string taking values in R^d. It is
specified by the following stochastic PDE, du = u_{xx} + W, where W=W(x,t) is
two-parameter white noise, also taking values in R^d. We study hitting
properties, double points, and recurrence. The main difficulty is that the
process has the Markov property in time, but not in space. We find: (1) The
string hits points if d<6. (2) For fixed t, there are points x,y such that
u(t,x)=u(t,y) iff d < 4. (3) There exist points t,x,y such that u(t,x)=u(t,y)
iff d < 8. (4) There exist points s,t,x,y such that u(t,x)=u(s,y) iff d < 12.
(5) The string is recurrent iff d < 7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148036 </DOCNO>
D-branes and constant electro-magnetic backgrounds


  We probe the effective worldvolume theory of a set of coinciding D-branes by
switching on constant electro-magnetic fields on them. The comparison of the
mass spectrum predicted by string theory with the mass spectrum obtained from
the effective action provides insights in the structure of the effective
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1213 </DOCNO>
Using electronic structure changes to map the H-T phase diagram of


  We report polarized optical reflectance studies of \alpha'-NaV2O5 as a
function of temperature (4-45 K) and magnetic field (0-60 T). Rung directed
electronic structure changes, as measured by near-infrared reflectance ratios
\Delta R(H)=R(H)/R(H=0 T), are especially sensitive to the phase boundaries. We
employ these changes to map out an H-T phase diagram. Topological highlights
include the observation of two phase boundaries slightly below T_{SG}, enhanced
curvature of the 34 K phase boundary above 35 T, and, surprisingly, strong
hysteresis effects of both transitions with applied field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179627 </DOCNO>
$Q^2$-dependence of backward pion multiplicity in neutrino-nucleus


  The production of pions emitted backward in inelastic neutrino-nucleus
interactions is analyzed within the impulse approximation in the framework of
the dual parton model. We focus on the $Q^2$-dependence of the multiplicity of
negative pions, normalized to the total cross section of the reaction $\nu + A
\to \mu + X$. The inclusion of planar (one-Reggeon exchange) and cylindrical
(one-Pomeron exchange) graphs leads to a multiplicity that decreases as $Q^2$
increases, in agreement with recent measurements carried out at CERN by the
NOMAD collaboration. A realistic treatment of the high momentum tail of the
nucleon distribution in a nucleus also allows for a satisfactory description of
the semi-inclusive spectrum of backward pions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149781 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric fluxbrane intersections and closed string tachyons


  We consider NS-NS superstring model with several ``magnetic'' parameters
$b_s$ (s=1, ...,N) associated with twists mixing a compact $S^1$ direction with
angles in $N$ spatial 2-planes of flat 10-dimensional space. It generalizes the
Kaluza-Klein Melvin model which has single parameter $b$. The corresponding
U-dual background is a R-R type IIA solution describing an orthogonal
intersection of $N$ flux 7-branes. Like the Melvin model, the NS-NS string
model with $N$ continuous parameters is explicitly solvable; we present its
perturbative spectrum and torus partition function explicitly for the N=2 case.
For generic $b_s$ (above some critical values) there are tachyons in the $S^1$
winding sector. A remarkable feature of this model is that while in the Melvin
N=1 case all supersymmetry is broken, a fraction of it may be preserved for $N
>1$ by making a special choice of the parameters $b_s$. Such solvable NS-NS
models may be viewed as continuous-parameter analogs of non-compact orbifold
models. They and their U-dual R-R fluxbrane counterparts may have some
``phenomenological'' applications. In particular, in N=3 case one finds a
special 1/4 supersymmetric R-R 3-brane background. Putting Dp-branes in flat
twisted NS-NS backgrounds leads to world-volume gauge theories with reduced
amount of supersymmetry. We also discuss possible ways of evolution of unstable
backgrounds towards stable ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77005 </DOCNO>
QCD Studies at HERA


  Several topics from the wide field of QCD studies in Deep-inelastic $ep$
Scattering at HERA are addressed. They include QCD analyses of the inclusive
cross section with the determination of $\alpha_s$ and the proton gluon density
from the $F_2$ scaling violations, and the determination of the longitudinal
structure function $F_L$. QCD analyses of inclusive jet and dijet data are also
presented. Finally jet substructure and three-jet production are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128989 </DOCNO>
Detection of an Extrasolar Planet Atmosphere


  We report high precision spectrophotometric observations of four planetary
transits of HD 209458, in the region of the sodium resonance doublet at 589.3
nm. We find that the photometric dimming during transit in a bandpass centered
on the sodium feature is deeper by (2.32 +/- 0.57) x 10^{-4} relative to
simultaneous observations of the transit in adjacent bands. We interpret this
additional dimming as absorption from sodium in the planetary atmosphere, as
recently predicted from several theoretical modeling efforts. Our model for a
cloudless planetary atmosphere with a solar abundance of sodium in atomic form
predicts more sodium absorption than we observe. There are several
possibilities that may account for this reduced amplitude, including reaction
of atomic sodium into molecular gases and/or condensates, photoionization of
sodium by the stellar flux, a low primordial abundance of sodium, or the
presence of clouds high in the atmosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73981 </DOCNO>
On the cosmological constant and vacuum energy


  We present our view on the problem of the cosmological constant and vacuum
energy. It is pointed out that only relevant modes of the vacuum fluctuation,
whose wavelengths are conditioned by the size, homogeneity, geometry and
topology of the present Universe, contribute to the cosmological constant. As a
result, the cosmological constant is expressed in terms of the size of the
Universe and the three fundamental constants: the velocity of light, Planck and
Newton gravitational constants. Its present value remarkably agrees with the
recent observations and its dependence on the size of the Universe confronts
with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99068 </DOCNO>
The Calderon problem for conormal potentials, I: Global uniqueness and


  In dimensions greater than or equal to three, we establish global uniqueness
and obtain reconstruction in the Calderon problem for the Schrodinger equation
with certain singular potentials. The potentials considered are conormal of
order less than 1-k with respect to submanifolds (of arbitrary codimension k).
This gives positive results for (conormal) conductivities which are Holder of
any order > 1. A related problem for highly singular potentials is shown to
exhibit nonuniqueness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74433 </DOCNO>
A next-to-leading order analysis of deeply virtual Compton scattering


  We present a complete, next-to-leading-order (NLO), leading-twist QCD
analysis of deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) observables, in the ${\bar
{MS}}$ scheme, and in the kinematic ranges of the H1, ZEUS and HERMES
experiments. We use a modified form of Radyushkin's ansatz for the input model
for the generalized parton distributions. We present results for leading order
(LO) and NLO for representative observables and find that they compare
favourably to the available data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76542 </DOCNO>
Closing talk for the XXXI International Symposium on Multiparticle


  I will use this opportunity on the one hand to comment upon some of the many
interesting results that have been presented at this meeting, on the other hand
to discuss some new features that we have recently learned on the structure and
properties of the Lund Model both with respect to the fragmentation of
multigluon string states and the partonic cascades based upon perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125594 </DOCNO>
Can Post T Tauri Stars Be Found? Yes!


  I review the observational challenges of finding post T Tauri stars (PTTS),
defined here as low-mass, pre-main-sequence stars with ages of 10^7-10^8 yr.
Such stars are difficult to find because they are less active than younger T
Tauri stars, and they may not be associated with molecular gas. They are useful
for studying the evolution of circumstellar disks and stellar activity between
the 10^6-yr ages of nearby star-forming regions and the main sequence. However,
care must be taken in the search process so that the selection criteria used to
locate such stars do not bias the sample used for subsequent evolutionary
studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126090 </DOCNO>
Spectropolarimetry of a Complete Infrared Selected Sample of Seyfert 2


  We report the results of a spectropolarimetric survey of a complete far
infrared selected sample of Seyfert 2 galaxies. We have found polarized broad
Halpha emission in one new source, NGC5995. In the sample as a whole, there is
a clear tendency for galaxies in which we have detected broad Halpha in
polarized light to have warm mid--far infrared colours (F(60um)/F(25um)<4), in
agreement with our previous results. However, a comparison of the optical,
radio and hard x-ray properties of these systems leads us to conclude that this
is a secondary consequence of the true mechanism governing our ability to see
scattered light from the broad line region. We find a strong trend for galaxies
showing such emission to lie above a critical value of the relative luminosity
of the active core to the host galaxy (as measured from the [OIII] 5007A
equivalent width) which varies as a function of the obscuring column density as
measured from hard x-ray observations. The warmth of the infrared colours is
then largely due to a combination of the luminosity of the active core, the
obscuring column and the relative importance of the host galaxy in powering the
far infrared emission, and not solely orientation as we inferred in our
previous paper. Our data may also provide an explanation as to why the most
highly polarized galaxies, which appear to have tori that are largely edge-on,
are also the most luminous and have the most easily detectable scattered broad
Halpha.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97731 </DOCNO>
Interval straight line fitting


  I consider the task of experimental data fitting. Unlike the traditional
approach I do not try to minimize any functional based on available
experimental information, instead the minimization problem is replaced with
constraint satisfaction procedure, which produces the interval hull of
solutions of desired type. The method, called 'box slicing algorithm', is
described in details. The results obtained this way need not to be labeled with
confidence level of any kind, they are simply certain (guaranteed). The method
easily handles the case with uncertainties in one or both variables. There is
no need for, always more or less arbitrary, weighting the experimental data.
The approach is directly applicable to other experimental data processing
problems like outliers detection or finding the straight line, which is tangent
to the experimental curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73905 </DOCNO>
First principle derivation of semiclassical force for electroweak


  We perform a systematic gradient expansion on kinetic equations and derive
the CP-violating semiclassical force for fermions propagating in presence of a
CP-violating wall at a first order electroweak phase transition. The force
appears at order h-bar in the flow term of the kinetic equation and agrees with
the semiclassical force used for baryogenesis computations. In particular we
consider the force for charginos in both the MSSM and NMSSM. We then study the
continuity equations for the vector and axial vector currents and stress the
role of the latter as the one containing baryogenesis sources. We also show
that there is no CP-violating force for bosons to order h-bar in gradient
expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129360 </DOCNO>
Massive Star Mergers: Induced Mixing and Nucleosynthesis


  We study the nucleosynthesis and the induced mixing during the merging of
massive stars inside a common envelope. The systems of interest are close
binaries, initially consisting of a massive red supergiant and a main-sequence
companion of a few solar masses. We apply parameterized results based on
hydrodynamical simulations to model the stream-core interaction and the
response of the star in a standard stellar-evolution code. Preliminary results
are presented illustrating the possibility of unusual nucleosynthesis and
post-merging dredge-up which can cause composition anomalies in the
supergiant's envelope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128396 </DOCNO>
Effective Temperatures of late L dwarfs and the onset of Methane


  We present a spectral analysis of a sample of late L dwarfs. We use our
latest model atmospheres and synthetic spectra and optical and K band spectra
to determine effective temperatures. We derive effective temperatures of 1400 K
to 1700 K for L8 to L6 dwarfs. The analysis demonstrates that our recent models
that rain out the formed dust completely are applicable to optical spectra of
late L dwarfs and that more consistent models are needed for intermediate L
dwarfs and for infrared spectra. We compare the results for the effective
temperatures with the temperatures of the onset of Methane formation. Our
models predict Methane absorption at 3.3micron to occur at about 400 K higher
temperatures than Methane absorption at 2.2micron. This is consistent with our
data and previous observations which show Methane absorption at 3.3micron but
not at 2.2micron in late L dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3217 </DOCNO>
On the conditions for the existence of Perfect Learning and power law in


  In a previous letter, we studied learning from stochastic examples by
perceptrons with Ising weights in the framework of statistical mechanics. Under
the one-step replica symmetry breaking ansatz, the behaviours of learning
curves were classified according to some local property of the rules by which
examples were drawn. Further, the conditions for the existence of the Perfect
Learning together with other behaviors of the learning curves were given. In
this paper, we give the detailed derivation about these results and further
argument about the Perfect Learning together with extensive numerical
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129024 </DOCNO>
A 2.09-h Photometric Periodicity in GW Librae


  We have found a 2.09 h modulation in brightness of the dwarf nova GW Lib.
This bears no special relationship to the 1.28 h spectroscopic period that is
believed to be the orbital period. It was present in May 2001, but not in
observations made in 1997 and 1998 and is of unknown origin. Similar
unexplained periodicities are present in FS Aur and V2051 Oph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128676 </DOCNO>
Turbulent Compressibilty of Protogalactic Gas


  The star formation rate in galaxies should be related to the fraction of gas
that can attain densities large enough for gravitational collapse. In galaxies
with a turbulent interstellar medium, this fraction is controlled by the
effective barotropic index $gamma = dlog P/dlog (rho)$ which measures the
turbulent compressibility. When the cooling timescale is smaller than the
dynamical timescale, gamma can be evaluated from the derivatives of cooling and
heating functions, using the condition of thermal equilibrium. We present
calculations of gamma for protogalaxies in which the metal abundance is so
small that H_2 and HD cooling dominates. For a heating rate independent of
temperature and proportional to the first power of density, the turbulent gas
is relatively "hard", with $gamma >= 1$, at large densities, but moderately
"soft", $gamma <= 0.8$, at densities below around $10^4 cm^(-3)$. At low
temperatures the density probability distribution should fall ra pidly for
densities larger than this value, which corresponds physically to the critical
density at which collisional and radiative deexcitation rate s of HD are equal.
The densities attained in turbulent protogalaxies thus depend on the relatively
large deuterium abundance in our universe. We expect the same physical effect
to occur in higher metallicity gas with different coolants. The case in which
adiabatic (compressional) heating due to cloud collapse dominates is also
discussed, and suggests a criterion for the maximum mass of Population III
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168950 </DOCNO>
On the nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates


  Motivated for the fault tolerant quantum computation, quantum gate by
adiabatic geometric phase shift is extensively investigated. In this paper, we
demonstrate the nonadiabatic scheme for the geometric phase shift and
conditional geometric phase shift. Essentially, the new scheme is simply to add
an appropriate additional field. With this additional field, the state
evolution can be controlled exactly on a dynamical phase free path. Geometric
quantum gates for single qubit and the controlled NOT gate for two qubits are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148555 </DOCNO>
A Note on Thermodynamics and Holography of Moving Giant Gravitons


  In our previous work (Phys. Rev. D63, 085010, hep-th/0011290), we showed that
the brane universe on the giant graviton moving in the near-horizon background
of the dilatonic D(6-p)-brane is described by the mirage cosmology. We study
thermodynamic properties of the moving giant graviton by applying
thermodynamics of cosmology and the recently proposed holographic principles of
cosmology. We find that the Fischler-Susskind holographic bound is satisfied by
the closed brane universe on the moving giant graviton with p>3. The Bekenstein
and the Hubble entropy bounds and the recently proposed Verlinde's holographic
principle applied to the brane universe on the giant graviton are also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87110 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Disagreements of Experiments with Theories on Gravitation


  From the equivalence principle (EP) and experiments on gravitational (G) time
dilation (GTD) it is proved that the standards of observers located in
different ``distances'' from the earth are physically different with respect to
each other. Thus the current mathematical relationships between their
measurements are physically inhomogeneous. This has caused fundamental errors
in gravitation, cosmology and astrophysics. The true transformations between
basic parameters of bodies located in different field positions, derived from
just experimental facts, are used to test fundamental hypotheses in current
literature. G fields do not exchange energy with bodies and radiation, but just
momentum. The G energy comes the bodies. The average relative distances and
cosmological redshifts in the universe cannot change after universe expansion
because the average increase of distances (G potentials) would change the sizes
of particles in identical proportion. Locally, atoms must be evolving,
indefinitely, in closed cycles between states of gas and linear black hole. The
last ones, after recovering energy, must explode thus regenerating gas. Most of
the universe must be in state of black galaxy cooled down by linear black
holes. They must account for the CMBR. The new scenarios are also explained by
using particle models consistent with the EP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3127 </DOCNO>
Density functional theory in the canonical ensemble I General formalism


  Density functional theory stems from the Hohenberg-Kohn-Sham-Mermin (HKSM)
theorem in the grand canonical ensemble (GCE). However, as recent work shows,
although its extension to the canonical ensemble (CE) is not straightforward,
work in nanopore systems could certainly benefit from a mesoscopic DFT in the
CE. The stumbling block is the fixed $N$ constraint which is responsible for
the failure in proving the interchangeability of density profiles and external
potentials as independent variables. Here we prove that, if in the CE the
correlation functions are stripped off of their asymptotic behaviour (which is
not in the form of a properly irreducible $n$-body function), the HKSM theorem
can be extended to the CE. In proving that, we generate a new {\it hierarchy}
of $N$-modified distribution and correlation functions which have the same
formal structure that the more conventional ones have (but with the proper
irreducible $n$-body behaviour) and show that, if they are employed, either a
modified external field or the density profiles can indistinctly be used as
independent variables. We also write down the $N$-modified free energy
functional and prove that the thermodynamic potential is minimized by the
equilibrium values of the new hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75430 </DOCNO>
Towards OPE based local quark-hadron duality: Light-quark channels


  Various light-quark channel current-current correlators are subjected to the
concept of a non-perturbative component of coarse graining in operator product
expansions introduced in a parallel work. This procedure allows for low-energy
structure of the OPE-derived spectral function. With naive vacuum saturation
for 4 quark operators and using lattice data for the gauge invariant scalar
quark correlator the results are far off the experimentally measured behavior.
However, using the correlation length of the gauge invariant vector quark
correlator, which is about 10 times smaller than the scalar one, the
qualitative results are rather realistic. Namely, the input of information on
the mass of the lowest resonance in one channel yields the corresponding masses
within acceptable errors in other channels. Still, the shapes of the calculated
spectral functions are considerably deformed as compared to experiment. This
may be a consequence of vacuum saturation and the truncation at a mass
dimension which is below the critical dimension from which on the asymptotic
expansion does not approximate anymore. To improve on this high-resolution
lattice information on gauge invariant $n>2$ point correlators would be needed.
Motivated by the small effective correlation length in the 4 quark
contributions the relevance of the approach for heavy quark physics, in
particular in the calculation of nonleptonic, inclusive $\Delta \Gamma$, is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128499 </DOCNO>
Numerical Analysis of Jets Produced by Intense Laser


  In this paper we present a numerical study of plasma jets produced by intense
laser matter interactions. Through this study we hope to better understand
astrophysical jets and their recent experimental simulations in the laboratory.
We paid special attention to radiation cooling and the interaction of the jet
with ambient gas. Four cases are presented in this paper; two of them deal with
the propagation of jets in vacuum, while in the other two the propagation takes
place in the ambient gas. Available experimental results are reproduced to good
accuracy in the vacuum case. For jets in ambient gas, we find that the
existence of the surrounding gas confines the jet into a narrow cylindrical
shape so that both the density and temperature of the jet remain high enough
for effective radiation cooling. As a result, a collimated plasma jet is formed
in these cases. The dimensionless parameters characterizing the laboratory jets
and protostellar jets have overlapping domains. We also discuss the cooling
lengths for our model and compare them with the corresponding values in the
astrophysical jets. A plasma jet in the ambient gas experiment is proposed
which is within the reach of present day technology, and can be relevant to
astrophysical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127690 </DOCNO>
TeV blazars as seen by the CAT telescope


  To date, only two extragalactic objects have been firmly established as very
high-energy gamma-ray sources in the Northern sky: these are the two blazars
Markarian 501 and Markarian 421. This paper reviews the most striking results
obtained from these sources by the CAT atmospheric Cherenkov imaging telescope,
with a particular emphasis on the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 observation campaigns
of Markarian 421.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87192 </DOCNO>
Estimate on the deceleration parameter in a Universe with variable fine


  We determine a cosmological model that include a positive acceleration of the
Universe and a time decreasing fine structure constant. The present day
deceleration parameter is estimated by us, according to our model and the
available experimental data .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74615 </DOCNO>
A new parametrization of the neutrino mixing matrix for neutrino


  In this paper we study three active neutrino oscillations, favored by recent
data from SuperK and SNO, using a new parametrization of the lepton mixing
matrix $V$ constructed from a linear combination of the unit matrix $I$, and a
hermitian unitary matrix $U$, that is, $V = \cos\theta I + i\sin \theta U$.
There are only three real parameters in $V$ including the parameter $\theta$.
It is interesting to find that experimental data on atmospheric neutrino
dictates the angle $\theta$ to be $\pi/4$ such that the $\nu_\mu$ and
$\nu_\tau$ mixing is maximal. The solar neutrino problem is solved via the MSW
effect with a small mixing angle, with $U$ depending on one small parameter
$\epsilon$. The resulting mixing matrix with just two parameters ($\theta$ and
$\epsilon$) predicts that the oscillating probabilities for $\nu_e\to \nu_\mu$
and $\nu_e \to \nu_\tau$ to be equal and of the order $2\epsilon^2 = (0.25\sim
2.5)\times 10^{-3}$. The measurement of CP asymmetries at the proposed Neutrino
Factories would also provide a test of our parametrization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75285 </DOCNO>
Validity Of The Vafa-Witten Proof On Absence Of Spontaneous Parity


  The vacuum energy response of a quantum field theory is studied as a function
of complex external fields coupled to the symmetry-breaking observables of the
theory. It is found that the energy density is insensitive to spontaneous
symmetry breaking effects along a special direction in the complex plane. In
particular, in the case of vector-like gauge theories such as QCD, the change
in energy generated by coupling to pure-gluonic parity-odd operators is always
a growing function of the external fields along the real axis, independent of
the mode in which symmetry is realized. In light of this, although there is
little doubt that parity is not spontaneously broken in massive QCD, the
validity of the Vafa and Witten proof is, however, questionable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75243 </DOCNO>
Evading the CKM Hierarchy: Intrinsic Charm in B Decays


  We show that the presence of intrinsic charm in the hadrons' light-cone wave
functions, even at a few percent level, provides new, competitive decay
mechanisms for B decays which are nominally CKM-suppressed. For example, the
weak decays of the B-meson to two-body exclusive states consisting of strange
plus light hadrons, such as B\to\pi K, are expected to be dominated by penguin
contributions since the tree-level b\to s u\bar u decay is CKM suppressed.
However, higher Fock states in the B wave function containing charm quark pairs
can mediate the decay via a CKM-favored b\to s c\bar c tree-level transition.
Such intrinsic charm contributions can be phenomenologically significant. Since
they mimic the amplitude structure of ``charming'' penguin contributions,
charming penguins need not be penguins at all.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76776 </DOCNO>
The Coupled Cluster Method in Hamiltonian Lattice Field Theory: SU(2)


  The glueball spectrum within the Hamiltonian formulation of lattice gauge
theory (without fermions) is calculated for the gauge group SU(2) and for two
spatial dimensions.
  The Hilbert space of gauge-invariant functions of the gauge field is
generated by its parallel-transporters on closed paths along the links of the
spatial lattice. The coupled cluster method is used to determine the spectrum
of the Kogut-Susskind Hamiltonian in a truncated basis. The quality of the
description is studied by computing results from various truncations, lattice
regularisations and with an improved Hamiltonian.
  We find consistency for the mass ratio predictions within a scaling region
where we obtain good agreement with standard lattice Monte Carlo results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74288 </DOCNO>
Cosmological magnetic fields from photon coupling to fermions and bosons


  We consider several gauge invariant higher dimensional operators that couple
gravity, gauge fields and scalar or fermionic fields and thus break conformal
invariance. In particular, we consider terms that break conformal invariance by
the photon coupling to heavy and light fermions. While the coupling to heavy
fermions typically do not induce significant magnetic fields, the coupling to
light fermions may produce observable magnetic fields when there are a few
hundred light fermions. Next we consider Planck scale modifications of the
kinetic gauge terms of the form f(phi) F_{mu nu} F^{mu nu} and h(psi) F_{mu nu}
\~F^{mu nu}, where f and h are functions of scalar and pseudoscalar fields phi,
psi, and F_{mu nu}, ~F^{mu nu} are the gauge field strength and its dual,
respectively. For a suitable choice of f sufficiently strong magnetic fields
may be produced in inflation to be potentially observable today. The
pseudoscalar coupling may lead to birefringence in inflation, but no observable
magnetic field amplification. Finally, we show that the photon coupling to
metric perturbations produces by far too weak fields to be of cosmological
interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123394 </DOCNO>
Oxygen in the Very Early Galaxy


  Oxygen abundances in a sample of ultra-metal-poor subdwarfs have been derived
from measurements of the oxygen triplet at 7771--5 A and OH lines in the near
UV performed in high-resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra obtained with
WHT/UES, KeckI/HIRES, and VLT/UVES. Our Fe abundances were derived in LTE and
then corrected for NLTE effects following Thevenin and Idiart (1999). The new
oxygen abundances confirm previous findings for a progressive linear rise in
the oxygen-to-iron ratio with a slope -0.33+-0.02 from solar metallicity to
[Fe/H] -3. A slightly higher slope would be obtained if the Fe NLTE corrections
were not considered. Below [Fe/H]= -2.5 our stars show [O/Fe] ratios as high as
~ 1.17 (G64-12), which can be interpreted as evidence for oxygen overproduction
in the very early epoch of the formation of the halo, possibly associated with
supernova events with very massive progenitor stars. We show that the arguments
against this linear trend given by Fulbright and Kraft (1999), based on the LTE
Fe analysis of two metal-poor stars cannot be sustained when an NLTE analysis
is performed. Using 1-D models our analysis of three oxygen indicators
available for BD +23 3130 gives consistent abundances within 0.16 dex and
average [O/Fe] ratio of 0.91.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3022 </DOCNO>
Expected Shortfall: a natural coherent alternative to Value at Risk


  We discuss the coherence properties of Expected Shortfall (ES) as a financial
risk measure. This statistic arises in a natural way from the estimation of the
"average of the 100p % worst losses" in a sample of returns to a portfolio.
Here p is some fixed confidence level. We also compare several alternative
representations of ES which turn out to be more appropriate for certain
purposes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148981 </DOCNO>
Comments on D-branes in AdS_3


  We study D-branes that preserve a diagonal SL(2) affine Lie algebra in string
theory on AdS_3. We find three classes of solutions, corresponding to the
following representations of SL(2): (1) degenerate, finite dimensional
representations with half integer spin, (2) principal continuous series, (3)
principal discrete series. We solve the bootstrap equations for the vacuum wave
functions and discuss the corresponding open string spectrum. We argue that
from the point of view of the AdS/CFT correspondence, the above D-branes
introduce boundaries with conformal boundary conditions into the two
dimensional spacetime. Open string vertex operators correspond to boundary
perturbations. We also comment on the geometric interpretation of the branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179654 </DOCNO>
Irreducible pionic effects in nucleon-deuteron scattering below 20 MeV


  The consequences of a recently introduced irreducible pionic effect in low
energy nucleon-deuteron scattering are analyzed. Differential cross-sections,
nucleon (vector) and deuteron (vector and tensor) analyzing powers, and four
different polarization transfer coefficients have been considered. This
3NF-like effect is generated by the pion-exchange diagram in presence of a
two-nucleon correlation and is partially cancelled by meson-retardation
contributions. Indications are provided that such type of effects are capable
to selectively increase the vector (nucleon and deuteron) analyzing powers,
while in the considered energy range they are almost negligible on the
differential cross sections. These indications, observed with different
realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions, provide additional evidences that such
3NF-like effects have indeed the potential to solve the puzzle of the vector
analyzing powers. Smaller but non negligible effects are observed for the other
spin observables. In some cases, we find that the modifications introduced by
such pionic effects on these spin observables (other than the vector analyzing
powers) are significant and interesting and could be observed by experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86087 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic Kac-Moody Algebras and Chaos in Kaluza-Klein Models


  Some time ago, it was found that the never-ending oscillatory chaotic
behaviour discovered by Belinsky, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz (BKL) for the
generic solution of the vacuum Einstein equations in the vicinity of a
spacelike ("cosmological") singularity disappears in spacetime dimensions $D=
d+1>10$. Recently, a study of the generalization of the BKL chaotic behaviour
to the superstring effective Lagrangians has revealed that this chaos is rooted
in the structure of the fundamental Weyl chamber of some underlying hyperbolic
Kac-Moody algebra. In this letter, we show that the same connection applies to
pure gravity in any spacetime dimension $\geq 4$, where the relevant algebras
are $AE_d$. In this way the disappearance of chaos in pure gravity models in $D
> 10$ dimensions becomes linked to the fact that the Kac-Moody algebras $AE_d$
are no longer hyperbolic for $d > 9$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1788 </DOCNO>
Correction induced by irrelevant operators in the correlators of the 2d


  We investigate the presence of irrelevant operators in the 2d Ising model
perturbed by a magnetic field, by studying the corrections induced by these
operators in the spin-spin correlator of the model. To this end we perform a
set of high precision simulations for the correlator both along the axes and
along the diagonal of the lattice. By comparing the numerical results with the
predictions of a perturbative expansion around the critical point we find
unambiguous evidences of the presence of such irrelevant operators. It turns
out that among the irrelevant operators the one which gives the largest
correction is the spin 4 operator T^2 + \bar T^2 which accounts for the
breaking of the rotational invariance due to the lattice. This result agrees
with what was already known for the correlator evaluated exactly at the
critical point and also with recent results obtained in the case of the thermal
perturbation of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123 </DOCNO>
Classical and quantum magnetization reversal studied in nanometer-sized


  Nanometer-sized magnetic particles have generated continuous interest as the
study of their properties has proved to be scientifically and technologically
very challenging. In this article we reviewed the most important theories and
experimental results concerning the magnetization reversal of single-domain
particles,clusters and molecular clusters. Sect.1 reviews briefly the commonly
used measuring techniques. Among them, electrical transport measurements, Hall
probes and micro-SQUID techniques seem to be the most convenient techniques for
low temperature measurements. Sect.2 discusses the mechanisms of magnetization
reversal in single domain particles at zero Kelvin. The influence of
temperature on the magnetization reversal is reported in Sect.3. Finally,
Sect.4 shows that for very small systems or very low temperature, magnetization
can reverse via quantum tunneling. The boundary between classical and quantum
physics has become a very attractive field of research. This section discusses
detailed measurements which demonstrated that molecular magnets offer an unique
opportunity to explore the quantum dynamics of a large but finite spin. We then
discussed tunneling in nanoparticles and showed how one might give a definite
proof of their quantum character at low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97193 </DOCNO>
On Solving Fewnomials Over Intervals in Fewnomial Time


  Let f be a degree D univariate polynomial with real coefficients and at most
3 monomial terms. We show that all the roots of f in any closed interval of
length R can be approximated within an accuracy of epsilon using just O(log D
log log R/epsilon + log^2 D) arithmetic steps, i.e., the arithmetic complexity
is polylogarithmic in the degree of the underlying complex variety. In
particular, of independent interest is an algebraic sub-routine of our
algorithm which counts the roots in any given interval using just O(log^2 D)
arithmetic steps. The best previous arithmetic complexity upper bounds for
these respective solving and counting problems were O(D log^5 D log log
R/epsilon) and O(D log^2 D log log D).
  We also discuss conditions under which our algorithms can be extended to
univariate m-nomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5373 </DOCNO>
Stability of multiquantum vortices in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates


  Multiply quantized vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates are studied
using the Bogoliubov theory. Suitable combinations of a localized pinning
potential and external rotation of the system are found to energetically
stabilize, both locally and globally, vortices with multiple circulation
quanta. We present a phase diagram for stable multiply quantized vortices in
terms of the angular rotation frequency and the width of the pinning potential.
We argue that multiquantum vortices could be experimentally created using these
two expedients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148881 </DOCNO>
Classical Gauge Vacua as Knots


  The four dimensional O(3) non-linear sigma model introduced by Faddeev and
Niemi, with a Skyrme-like higher order term to stabilise static knot solutions
classified by the Hopf invariant, can be rewritten in terms of the complex
two-component CP1 variables. A further rewriting of these variables in terms of
SU(2) curvature free gauge fields is performed. This leads us to interpret
SU(2) pure gauge vacuum configurations, in a particular maximal abelian gauge,
in terms of knots with the Hopf invariant equal to the winding number of the
gauge configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179629 </DOCNO>
Statistical Fluctuations as Probes of Dense Matter


  The use of statistical fluctuations as probes of the microscopic dynamics of
hot and dense hadronic matter is reviewed. Critical fluctuations near the
critical point of QCD matter are predicted to enhance fluctuations in pionic
observables. Chemical fluctuations, especially those of locally conserved
quantum numbers, such as electric charge and baryon number, can probe the
nature of the carriers of these quantum numbers in the dense medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75004 </DOCNO>
An example of resonance saturation at one loop


  We argue that the large-Nc expansion of QCD can be used to treat a Lagrangian
of resonances in a perturbative way. As an illustration of this we compute the
L_10 coupling of the Chiral Lagrangian by integrating out resonance fields at
one loop. Given a Lagrangian and a renormalization scheme, this is how in
principle one can answer in a concrete and unambiguous manner questions such as
at what scale resonance saturation takes place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126499 </DOCNO>
Sub-mm Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations


  We study the predicted sub-mm emission from massive galaxies in a Lambda-CDM
universe, using hydrodynamic cosmological simulations. Assuming that most of
the emission from newly formed stars is absorbed and reradiated in the
rest-frame far-IR, we calculate the number of galaxies that would be detected
in sub-mm surveys conducted with SCUBA. The predicted number counts are
strongly dependent on the assumed dust temperature and emissivity law. With
plausible choices for SED parameters (e.g., T=35 K, beta=1.0), the simulation
predictions reproduce the observed number counts above ~ 1 mJy. The sources
have a broad redshift distribution with median z ~ 2, in reasonable agreement
with observational constraints. However, the predicted count distribution may
be too steep at the faint end, and the fraction of low redshift objects may be
larger than observed.
  In this physical model of the sub-mm galaxy population, the objects detected
in existing surveys consist mainly of massive galaxies (several M_*) forming
stars fairly steadily over timescales ~ 10^8-10^9 years, at moderate rates ~100
Msun/yr. The typical descendants of these sub-mm sources are even more massive
galaxies, with old stellar populations, found primarily in dense environments.
While the resolution of our simulations is not sufficient to determine galaxy
morphologies, these properties support the proposed identification of sub-mm
sources with massive ellipticals in the process of formation. The most robust
and distinctive prediction of this model, stemming directly from the long
timescale and correspondingly moderate rate of star formation, is that the
far-IR SEDs of SCUBA sources have a relative high 850 micron luminosity for a
given bolometric luminosity. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75734 </DOCNO>
Unbiased Estimate of Dark Energy Density from Type Ia Supernova Data


  Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are currently the best probes of the dark energy
in the universe. To constrain the nature of dark energy in a model-independent
manner, we allow the density of dark energy, $\rho_X(z)$, to be an arbitrary
function of redshift. Using simulated data from a space-based supernova pencil
beam survey, we find that by optimizing the number of parameters used to
parametrize the dimensionless dark energy density,
$f(z)=\rho_X(z)/\rho_X(z=0)$, we can obtain an unbiased estimate of both f(z)
and $\Omega_m$ (assuming a flat universe and that the weak energy condition is
satisfied). A plausible supernova pencil beam survey (with a square degree
field of view and for an observational duration of one year) can yield about
2000 SNe Ia with $0\le z \le 2$. Such a survey in space would yield SN peak
luminosities with a combined intrinsic and observational dispersion of $\sigma
(m_{int})=0.16$ mag. We find that for such an idealized survey, $\Omega_m$ can
be measured to 10% accuracy, and f(z) can be estimated to $\sim$ 20% to $z \sim
1.5$, and $\sim$ 20-40% to $z \sim 2$, depending on the time dependence of the
true dark energy density. Dark energy densities which vary more slowly can be
more accurately measured. For the anticipated SNAP mission, $\Omega_m$ can be
measured to 14% accuracy, and f(z) can be estimated to $\sim$ 20% to $z \sim
1.2$. Our results suggest that SNAP may gain much sensitivity to the
time-dependence of f(z) and $\Omega_m$ by devoting more observational time to
the central pencil beam fields to obtain more SNe Ia at z>1.2. We also find
that Monte Carlo analysis gives a more accurate estimate of the dark energy
density than the maximum likelihood analysis. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 217 </DOCNO>
Fermi-liquid behaviour of the low-density 2D hole gas in GaAs/AlGaAs


  We examine the validity of the Fermi-liquid description of the dilute 2D hole
gas in the crossover from 'metallic'-to-'insulating' behaviour of R(T).It has
been established that, at r_s as large as 29, negative magnetoresistance does
exist and is well described by weak localisation. The dephasing time extracted
from the magnetoresistance is dominated by the T^2 -term due to Landau
scattering in the clean limit. The effect of hole-hole interactions, however,
is suppressed when compared with the theory for small r_s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169096 </DOCNO>
Maximum entanglement of quantum-dot systems with single excitation in


  Time evolution of entanglement of N quantum dots is analyzed within the
spin-1/2 van der Waals (or Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick) XY model. It is shown that,
for a single dot initially excited and disentangled from the remaining
unexcited dots, the maximum bipartite entanglement can be obtained in the
systems of N=2,...,6 dots only.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41777 </DOCNO>
Additives That Prevent Or Reverse Cathode Aging In Drift Chambers With


  Noise and Malter breakdown have been studied at high rates in a test chamber
having the same cell structure and gas as in the BaBar drift chamber. The
chamber was first damaged by exposing it to a high source level at an elevated
high voltage, until its operating current at normal voltages was below
0.5nA/cm. Additives such as water or alcohol allowed the damaged chamber to
operate at 25 nA/cm, but when the additive was removed the operating point
reverted to the original low value. However with 0.02% to 0.05% oxygen or 5%
carbon dioxide the chamber could operate at more than 25 nA/cm, and continued
to operate at this level even after the additive was removed. This shows for
the first time that running with an O2 or CO2 additive at high ionisation
levels can cure a damaged chamber from breakdown problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76146 </DOCNO>
Conservation Laws and Particle Production in Heavy Ion Collisions


  We discuss the role of the conservation laws related with U(1) internal
symmetry group in the statistical model description of particle productions in
ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. We derive and show the differences in
particle multiplicities in the canonical and the grand canonical formulation of
quantum number conservation. The time evolution and the approach to chemical
equilibrium in the above ensembles is discussed in terms of kinetic master
equation. The application of the statistical model to the description of
(multi)strange particle yields at GSI/SIS and the SPS energies is also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73561 </DOCNO>
Hard Scattering Based Luminosity Measurement at Hadron Colliders


  A strategy to determine the luminosity at Hadron Colliders is discussed using
the simultaneous W-boson and Z-boson event counts. The emphasis of the study
will be on the uncertainty induced by the parton density functions.
Understanding this source of uncertainties is crucial for a reliable luminosity
determination using the W-boson and Z-boson events. As an example we will use
the D0 run 1 results to extract the luminosity using the vector boson events
and compare the result with the traditional method. Subsequently we will look
at the implications for the top cross section uncertainties using the extracted
luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125983 </DOCNO>
BIMA Observations of Linear Polarization in Sagittarius A* at 112 GHz


  We report here BIMA array observations of linear polarization in Sagittarius
A*, the compact radio source in the Galactic Center. These observations had a
resolution of 20 arcsec x 5 arcsec oriented North-South. We do not detect
linear or circular polarization at a level of 1.8% (1-sigma) at 112 GHz. This
puts a new constraint on models that show a sharp change in linear polarization
fraction at 100 GHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75833 </DOCNO>
Combined Relativistic and static analysis for all Delta B=2 operators


  We analyse matrix elements of Delta B=2 operators by combining QCD results
with the ones obtained in the static limit of HQET. The matching of all the QCD
operators to HQET is made at NLO order. To do that we have to include the
anomalous dimension matrix up to two loops, both in QCD and HQET, and the one
loop matching for all the Delta B=2 operators. The matrix elements of these
operators are relevant for the prediction of the B-\bar B mixing, B_s meson
width difference and supersymmetric effects in Delta B=2 transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86033 </DOCNO>
Spacetime geometry of static fluid spheres


  We exhibit a simple and explicit formula for the metric of an arbitrary
static spherically symmetric perfect fluid spacetime. This class of metrics
depends on one freely specifiable monotone non-increasing generating function.
We also investigate various regularity conditions, and the constraints they
impose. Because we never make any assumptions as to the nature (or even the
existence) of an equation of state, this technique is useful in situations
where the equation of state is for whatever reason uncertain or unknown.
  To illustrate the power of the method we exhibit a new form of the
``Goldman--I'' exact solution and calculate its total mass. This is a
three-parameter closed-form exact solution given in terms of algebraic
combinations of quadratics. It interpolates between (and thereby unifies) at
least six other reasonably well-known exact solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2944 </DOCNO>
Field theory for a reaction-diffusion model of quasispecies dynamics


  RNA viruses are known to replicate with extremely high mutation rates. These
rates are actually close to the so-called error threshold. This threshold is in
fact a critical point beyond which genetic information is lost through a
second-order phase transition, which has been dubbed the ``error catastrophe.''
Here we explore this phenomenon using a field theory approximation to the
spatially extended Swetina-Schuster quasispecies model [J. Swetina and P.
Schuster, Biophys. Chem. {\bf 16}, 329 (1982)], a single-sharp-peak landscape.
In analogy with standard absorbing-state phase transitions, we develop a
reaction-diffusion model whose discrete rules mimic the Swetina-Schuster model.
The field theory representation of the reaction-diffusion system is
constructed. The proposed field theory belongs to the same universality class
than a conserved reaction-diffusion model previously proposed [F. van Wijland
{\em et al.}, Physica A {\bf 251}, 179 (1998)]. From the field theory, we
obtain the full set of exponents that characterize the critical behavior at the
error threshold. Our results present the error catastrophe from a new point of
view and suggest that spatial degrees of freedom can modify several mean field
predictions previously considered, leading to the definition of characteristic
exponents that could be experimentally measurable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98133 </DOCNO>
Strongly-cyclic branched coverings of (1,1)-knots and cyclic


  We study the connections among the mapping class group of the twice punctured
torus, the cyclic branched coverings of (1,1)-knots and the cyclic
presentations of groups. We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for
the existence and uniqueness of the n-fold strongly-cyclic branched coverings
of (1,1)-knots, through the elements of the mapping class group. We prove that
every n-fold strongly-cyclic branched covering of a (1,1)-knot admits a cyclic
presentation for the fundamental group, arising from a Heegaard splitting of
genus n. Moreover, we give an algorithm to produce the cyclic presentation and
illustrate it in the case of cyclic branched coverings of torus knots of type
(k,hk+1) and (k,hk-1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7357 </DOCNO>
Study of quantum current enhancement, eigenenergy spectra and magnetic


  A multiply connected system in both its open and closed form variations but
in equilibrium is studied using quantum waveguide theory. The system exhibits
remarkable features, in its open form variation we see current enhancement,
hitherto seen only in non-equilibrium systems in absence of magnetic flux. In
its closed form analog parity effects are broken. Further we analyse the global
and local current densities of our system and also show that the orbital
magnetic response of the system calculated from the current densities (and
inherently linked to the topological configuration) is qualitatively not same
as that calculated from the eigenenergy spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97627 </DOCNO>
Geometric Syzygies of Canonical Curves of even Genus lying on a


  Based on a recent result of Voisin [2001] we describe the last nonzero syzygy
space in the linear strand of a canonical curve C of even genus g=2k lying on a
K3 surface, as the ambient space of a k-2-uple embedded P^{k+1}. Furthermore
the geometric syzygies constructed by Green and Lazarsfeld [1984] from
g^1_{k+1}'s form a non degenerate configuration of finitely many rational
normal curves on this P^{k+1}. This proves a natural generalization of Green's
conjecture [1984], namely that the geometric syzygies should span the space of
all syzygies, in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169213 </DOCNO>
Optimal Evaluation of Generalized Euler Angles with Applications to


  Given two linearly independent matrices in $so(3)$, $Z_1$ and $Z_2$, every
rotation matrix $X_f \in SO(3)$ can be written as the product of alternate
elements from the one dimensional subgroups corresponding to $Z_1$ and $Z_2$,
namely $X_f=e^{Z_1 t_1}e^{Z_2 t_2}e^{Z_1t_3} \cdot \cdot \cdot e^{Z_1t_s}$. The
parameters $t_i$, $i=1,...,s$ are called {\it generalized Euler angles}.
  In this paper, we evaluate the minimum number of factors required for the
factorization of $X_f \in SO(3)$, as a function of $X_f$, and provide an
algorithm to determine the generalized Euler angles explicitly. The results can
be applied to the bang bang control with minimum number of switches of some
classical control systems and of two level quantum systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1938 </DOCNO>
Path-Integral Renormalization Group Method for Numerical Study on Ground


  A new efficient numerical algorithm for interacting fermion systems is
proposed and examined in detail. The ground state is expressed approximately by
a linear combination of numerically chosen basis states in a truncated Hilbert
space. Two procedures lead to a better approximation. The first is a numerical
renormalization, which optimizes the chosen basis and projects onto the ground
state within the fixed dimension, $L$, of the Hilbert space. The second is an
increase of the dimension of the truncated Hilbert space, which enables the
linear combination to converge to a better approximation. The extrapolation
$L\to\infty$ after the convergence removes the approximation error
systematically. This algorithm does not suffer from the negative sign problem
and can be applied to systems in any spatial dimension and arbitrary lattice
structure. The efficiency is tested and the implementation explained for
two-dimensional Hubbard models where Slater determinants are employed as chosen
basis. Our results with less than 400 chosen basis indicate good accuracy
within the errorbar of the best available results as those of the quantum Monte
Carlo for energy and other physical quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98381 </DOCNO>
Total Masses of Mixed Monge-Ampere Currents


  Monge-Ampere currents generated by plurisubharmonic functions of logarithmic
growth are studied. Upper bounds for their total masses are obtained in terms
of growth characteristics of the functions. In particular, this gives a
plurisubharmonic version of D.Bernstein's theorem on the number of zeros of
polynomial mappings in terms of the Newton polyhedra, and a representation for
Demailly's generalized degrees of plurisubharmonic functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1059 </DOCNO>
Density of states, Potts zeros, and Fisher zeros of the Q-state Potts


  The Q-state Potts model can be extended to noninteger and even complex Q in
the FK representation. In the FK representation the partition function,Z(Q,a),
is a polynomial in Q and v=a-1(a=e^-T) and the coefficients of this
polynomial,Phi(b,c), are the number of graphs on the lattice consisting of b
bonds and c connected clusters. We introduce the random-cluster transfer matrix
to compute Phi exactly on finite square lattices. Given the FK representation
of the partition function we begin by studying the critical Potts model
Z_{CP}=Z(Q,a_c), where a_c=1+sqrt{Q}. We find a set of zeros in the complex
w=sqrt{Q} plane that map to the Beraha numbers for real positive Q. We also
identify tilde{Q}_c(L), the value of Q for a lattice of width L above which the
locus of zeros in the complex p=v/sqrt{Q} plane lies on the unit circle. We
find that 1/tilde{Q}_c->0 as 1/L->0. We then study zeros of the AF Potts model
in the complex Q plane and determine Q_c(a), the largest value of Q for a fixed
value of a below which there is AF order. We find excellent agreement with
Q_c=(1-a)(a+3). We also investigate the locus of zeros of the FM Potts model in
the complex Q plane and confirm that Q_c=(a-1)^2. We show that the edge
singularity in the complex Q plane approaches Q_c as Q_c(L)~Q_c+AL^-y_q, and
determine the scaling exponent y_q. Finally, by finite size scaling of the
Fisher zeros near the AF critical point we determine the thermal exponent y_t
as a function of Q in the range 2<Q<3. We find that y_t is a smooth function of
Q and is well fit by y_t=(1+Au+Bu^2)/(C+Du) where u=u(Q). For Q=3 we find
y_t~0.6; however if we include lattices up to L=12 we find y_t~0.50.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124568 </DOCNO>
Observation of the Halo of NGC 3077 Near the "Garland" Region Using the


  We report the detection of upper main sequence stars and red giant branch
stars in the halo of an amorphous galaxy, NGC3077. The observations were made
using Wide Field Planetary Camera~2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The
red giant branch luminosity function in I-band shows a sudden discontinuity at
I = 24.0 +- 0.1 mag. Identifying this with the tip of the red giant branch
(TRGB), and adopting the calibration provided by Lee, Freedman, & Madore (1993)
and the foreground extinction of A_B = 0.21 mag, we obtain a distance modulus
of (m-M)_0 = 27.93 +- 0.14(random) +- 0.16(sys). This value agrees well with
the distance estimates of four other galaxies in the M81 Group. In addition to
the RGB stars, we observe a concentration of upper main sequence stars in the
halo of NGC3077, which coincides partially with a feature known as the
``Garland''. Using Padua isochrones, these stars are estimated to be <150 Myrs
old. Assuming that the nearest encounter between NGC3077 and M81 occurred 280
Myrs ago as predicted by the numerical simulations (Yun 1997), the observed
upper main sequence stars are likely the results of the star formation
triggered by the M81-NGC3077 tidal interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74062 </DOCNO>
Comment on an invisible Higgs boson and 50 GeV neutrino


  It has been recently suggested in hep-ph/9911535 and hep-ph/0006324 that the
fourth generation of leptons and quarks is not excluded by the precision
Z-boson measurements, provided that the mass of the fourth neutrino is around
50 GeV and that its mixing with the neutrinos of the first three generations is
negligibly small. We would like to note that in this case the decay rate of the
Standard Model Higgs boson into the pair of such neutrinos would be about two
orders of magnitude higher than than the Higgs to b-bbar rate. Thus, the
predominant decay mode of the Higgs would be invisible, which would require a
special strategy for its searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174617 </DOCNO>
Differential Cross Sections Measurement for the $pp\to d\pi^+$ Reaction


  The present data support a large anisotropy in accordance with phase shift
predictions and in contrast to another recent experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127668 </DOCNO>
Mass Profiles of Clusters at Large Radii from Weak Gravitational Lensing


  We present the weak lensing mass reconstructions of three clusters of
galaxies from data taken on the ESO Wide Field Imager. We detect a lensing
signal in all three clusters over a range of 1' < r < 17' (~0.1 h^-1 Mpc < r <
2 h^-1 Mpc). We measure the best fitting SIS and NFW profiles for each cluster
and show that in two of the three clusters the NFW profile is preferred to the
SIS with marginal significance (~95%).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74037 </DOCNO>
Sudakov Resummation and Finite Order Expansions of Heavy Quark


  We resum Sudakov threshold enhancements in heavy quark hadroproduction for
single-heavy quark inclusive and pair-inclusive kinematics. We expand these
resummed results and derive analytical finite-order cross sections through
next-to-next-to-leading order. This involves the construction of
next-to-leading order matching conditions in color space. For the scale
dependent terms we derive exact results using renormalization group methods. We
study the effects of scale variations, scheme and kinematics choice on the
partonic and hadronic cross sections, and provide estimates for top and bottom
quark production cross sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98401 </DOCNO>
Q-Curvature and Poincare Metrics


  This article presents a new definition of Branson's Q-curvature in
even-dimensional conformal geometry. We derive the Q-curvature as a coefficient
in the asymptotic expansion of the formal solution of a boundary problem at
infinity for the Laplacian in the Poincare metric associated to the conformal
structure. This gives an easy proof of the result of Graham-Zworski that the
log coefficient in the volume expansion of a Poincare metric is a multiple of
the integral of the Q-curvature, and leads to a definition of a non-local
version of the Q-curvature in odd dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76259 </DOCNO>
Quark-antiquark potentials from a scalar field in SU(2) YM


  A generalized Dick model with a potential term is discussed. The solution
originating from a static, pointlike, color source is found to have a confining
part. The comparison with a wide spectrum of phenomenological quark-antiquark
potentials is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95842 </DOCNO>
Discrete versions of the Beckman-Quarles theorem from the definability


  We derive author's discrete forms of the Beckman-Quarles theorem from the
definability results of Raphael M. Robinson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5619 </DOCNO>
Binding energy of negatively charged exciton in a semiconductor quantum


  We present a model to take into account the interface defects contribution on
the binding energy of charged exciton in GaAs/Al$_{0.3}$Ga$_{0.7}$As quantum
wells. The dependence of the binding energy gain and of the trion size on the
quantum well width are variationally calculated. We show that the trion is more
sensitive to interface defects than the exciton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128911 </DOCNO>
Radio-millimetre investigation of galactic infrared dark clouds


  This paper presents follow-up observations of the mid-Infrared dark clouds
selected from the ISOGAL inner Galaxy sample. On-the-fly maps of 13CO, C18O and
the 1.2 mm continuum emission have been obtained a the IRAM 30-m telescope. A
preliminary analysis of the physico-chemical conditions at works in the clouds
is given and molecular depletion onto cold grains is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1734 </DOCNO>
Phase Transitions in Load Transfer Models of Fracture


  The possible paralelism existing between phase transitions and fracture in
disordered materials, is discussed using the well-known Fiber Bundle Models and
a probabilistic approach suited to smooth fluctuations near the critical point.
Two limiting cases of load redistribution are analyzed: the global transfer
scheme, and the local transfer rule. The models are then studied and contrasted
by defining the branching ratio as an order parameter indicative of the
distance of the system to the critical point. In the case of long range
interactions, i.e., the global rule, the results indicate that fracture can be
seen as a second-order phase transition, whereas for the case of short range
interactions (the local transfer rule) the bundle fails suddenly with no prior
significant precursory activity signaling the imminent collapse of the system,
this case being a first-order like phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41568 </DOCNO>
The theory of the centrifugal mechanism of feeding-in in bent crystals


  For a particle channeled in the bent crystal planes (axes), the phenomenon of
"bending dechanneling", which is a particle transition to a random state due to
centrifugal force, is well known. We consider an analytical theory of the
reverse phenomenon, i.e., feeding from a random state to a channeled state due
to centrifugal force in a crystal with variable curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129332 </DOCNO>
Archeops, mapping the CMB sky from large to small angular scales


  Archeops is a balloon-borne experiment designed to measure the temperature
fluctuations of the CMB on a large region of the sky ($\simeq 30%$) with a high
angular resolution (10 arcminutes) and a high sensitivity ($60\mu K$ per
pixel). Archeops will perform a measurement of the CMB anisotropies power
spectrum from large angular scales ($\ell\simeq 30$) to small angular scales
($\ell \simeq 800$). Archeops flew for the first time for a test flight in July
1999 from Sicily to Spain and the first scientific flight took place from
Sweden to Russia in January 2001. The data analysis is on its way and I present
here preliminary results, realistic simulations showing the expected accuracy
on the measurement of the power spectrum and perspectives for the incoming
flights (Winter 2001/2003).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5895 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Ordering in Anderson-Localized Electron Systems


  We consider an electron system under conditions of strong Anderson
localization, taking into account interelectron long-range Coulomb repulsion.
We have established that with the electron density going to zero the Coulomb
interaction brings the arrangement of the Anderson localized electrons closer
and closer to an ideal (Wigner) crystal lattice, provided the temperature is
sufficiently low and the dimension of the system is > 1. The ordering occurs
despite the fact that a random spread of the energy levels of the localized
one-electron states, exceeding the mean Coulomb energy per electron, renders it
impossible the electrons to be self-localized due to their mutual Coulomb
repulsion This differs principally the Coulomb ordered Anderson localized
electron system (COALES) from Wigner crystal, Wigner glass, and any other
ordered electron or hole system that results from the Coulomb self-localization
of electrons/holes. The residual disorder inherent to COALES is found to bring
about a multi-valley ground-state degeneration akin to that in spin glass. With
the electron density increasing, COALES is revealed to turn into Wigner glass
or a glassy state of a Fermi-glass type depending on the width of the random
spread of the electron levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123879 </DOCNO>
Evolution on the AGB and beyond: On the formation of H-deficient


  The evolution on the AGB and beyond is reviewed with respect to the origin of
Wolf-Rayet central stars. We focus on thermal pulses due to their particular
importance for the evolution of hydrogen deficient stars. It is shown that
overshoot applied to all convection regions is a key ingredient to model these
objects leading to intershell abundances already close to the surface
abundances of Wolf-Rayet central stars. In contrast to standard evolutionary
calculations, overshoot models do show dredge up for very low envelope masses
and efficient dredge up was found even during the post-AGB stage. Three thermal
pulse scenarios for Wolf-Rayet central stars can now be distinguished: an AGB
Final Thermal Pulse (AFTP) occurring at the very end of the AGB evolution, a
Late Thermal Pulse (LTP) occurring during the post-AGB evolution when hydrogen
burning is still on, and a Very Late Thermal Pulse (VLTP) occurring on the
cooling branch when hydrogen burning has already ceased. All scenarios lead to
hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars with carbon and oxygen abundances as observed
for Wolf-Rayet stars. Hydrogen is either diluted by dredge up (AFTP, LTP) or
completely burnt (VLTP).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98468 </DOCNO>
Introductory Topics in Distributions over Binary Test Functions


  We note with B2 the Boole algebra with two elements. We define for the R->B2
functions the limits, the derivatives, the differentiability, the test
functions, the integrals. We also define the distributions over the space of
these test functions, the regular and the singular distributions, the support
sets of the distributions. We also define for the RxR->{0,1} functions the test
functions and the distributions over them. The direct product of the
distributions is presented, as well as the convolution algebras of
distributions. Generalizations of the binary test functions and of the
distributions over them are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128731 </DOCNO>
Magnetohydrodynamics of Gamma-Ray Burst Outflows


  Using relativistic, axisymmetric, ideal MHD, we examine the outflow from a
disk around a compact object, taking into account the baryonic matter, the
electron-positron/photon fluid, and the large-scale electromagnetic field.
Focussing on the parameter regime appropriate to gamma-ray burst outflows, we
demonstrate, through exact self-similar solutions, that the thermal force
(which dominates the initial acceleration) and the Lorentz force (which
dominates further out and contributes most of the acceleration) can convert up
to ~50% of the initial total energy into asymptotic baryon kinetic energy. We
examine how baryon loading and magnetic collimation affect the structure of the
flow, including the regime where emission due to internal shocks could take
place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4212 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of thermal Bose fields in the classical limit


  We develop an approximate formalism suitable for performing simulations of
the thermal dynamics of interacting Bose gases. The method is based on the
observation that when the lowest energy modes of the Bose field operator are
highly occupied, they may be treated classically to a good approximation. We
derive a finite temperature Gross-Pitaevskii equation for these modes which is
coupled to an effective reservoir described by quantum kinetic theory. We
discuss each of the terms that arise in this Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and
their relevance to experimental systems. We then describe a simpler projected
Gross-Pitaevskii equation that may be useful in simulating thermal Bose
condensates. This classical method could be applied to other Bose fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73376 </DOCNO>
Toward neutrino texture dominated by Majorana lefthanded mass matrix


  A form of mixing matrix for three active and three sterile, conventional
Majorana neutrinos is proposed. Its Majorana lefthanded part arises from the
popular bimaximal mixing matrix for three active neutrinos that works
satisfactorily in solar and atmospheric experiments if the LSND effect is
ignored. One of three sterile neutrinos, effective in the Majorana righthanded
and Dirac parts of the proposed mixing matrix, is responsible perturbatively
for the possible LSND effect by inducing one of three extra neutrino mass
states to exist actively. The corresponding form of neutrino mass matrix is
derived. If all three extra neutrino mass states get vanishing masses, the
neutrino mass matrix is dominated by its specific Majorana lefthanded part.
Then, the observed qualitative difference between mixings of neutrinos and down
quarks may be connected with this Majorana lefthanded dominance realized for
neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2841 </DOCNO>
Model of correlated sequential adsorption of colloidal particles


  We present results of a new model of sequential adsorption in which the
adsorbing particles are correlated with the particles attached to the
substrate. The strength of the correlations is measured by a tunable parameter
$\sigma$. The model interpolates between free ballistic adsorption in the limit
$\sigma\to\infty$ and a strongly correlated phase, appearing for $\sigma\to0$
and characterized by the emergence of highly ordered structures. The phenomenon
is manifested through the analysis of several magnitudes, as the jamming limit
and the particle-particle correlation function. The effect of correlations in
one dimension manifests in the increased tendency to particle chaining in the
substrate. In two dimensions the correlations induce a percolation transition,
in which a spanning cluster of connected particles appears at a certain
critical value $\sigma_c$. Our study could be applicable to more general
situations in which the coupling between correlations and disorder is relevant,
as for example, in the presence of strong interparticle interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41034 </DOCNO>
Neutral Charm Decays at CLEO: Searches for CP Violation and Mixing


  Recent CLEO results on neutral charm meson decays presented at the XXXVIth
Rencontres de Moriond are discussed. We find no evidence of CP asymmetry in
five different two-body decay modes of the D0 to pairs of light pseudo-scalar
mesons. We present a measurement of the mixing parameter y_CP = -0.011 +- 0.025
+- 0.014 by searching for a lifetime difference between the CP neutral K+ pi-
final state and the CP even K+ K- and pi+ pi- final states. Finally, we
describe the first measurement of the rate of wrong-sign D0 to K+ pi- pi0
decay: R_WS = (0.43 +0.11 -0.10 +- 0.07)%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96137 </DOCNO>
A partial ordering of sets, making mean entropy monotone


  Consider a state of a system with several subsystems. The entropies of the
reduced state on different subsystems obey certain inequalities, provided there
is an equivalence relation, and a function measuring volumes or weights of
subsystems. The entropy per unit volume or unit weight, the mean entropy, is
then decreasing with respect to an order relation of the subsystems, defined in
this paper. In the context of statistical mechanics a lattice system is studied
in detail, and a decrease of mean energy is deduced for blow-up sequences of
regular and irregular octogons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124170 </DOCNO>
Studies of multiple stellar systems - IV. The triple-lined spectroscopic


  We present a radial-velocity study of the triple-lined system Gliese 644 and
derive spectroscopic elements for the inner and outer orbits with periods of
2.9655 and 627 days. We also utilize old visual data, as well as modern speckle
and adaptive optics observations, to derive a new astrometric solution for the
outer orbit. These two orbits together allow us to derive masses for each of
the three components in the system: M_A = 0.410 +/- 0.028 (6.9%), M_Ba = 0.336
+/- 0.016 (4.7%), and $M_Bb = 0.304 +/- 0.014 (4.7%) M_solar. We suggest that
the relative inclination of the two orbits is very small. Our individual masses
and spectroscopic light ratios for the three M stars in the Gliese 644 system
provide three points for the mass-luminosity relation near the bottom of the
Main Sequence, where the relation is poorly determined. These three points
agree well with theoretical models for solar metallicity and an age of 5 Gyr.
Our radial velocities for Gliese 643 and vB 8, two common-proper-motion
companions of Gliese 644, support the interpretation that all five M stars are
moving together in a physically bound group. We discuss possible scenarios for
the formation and evolution of this configuration, such as the formation of all
five stars in a sequence of fragmentation events leading directly to the
hierarchical configuration now observed, versus formation in a small N cluster
with subsequent dynamical evolution into the present hierarchical
configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179159 </DOCNO>
NN potentials from inverse scattering in the J-matrix approach


  An approximate inverse scattering method [7,8] has been used to construct
separable potentials with the Laguerre form factors. As an application, we
invert the phase shifts of proton-proton in the $^1S_0$ and $^3P_2-^3F_2$
channels and neutron-proton in the $^3S_1-^3D_1$ channel elastic scattering. In
the latter case the deuteron wave function of a realistic $np$ potential was
used as input.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74021 </DOCNO>
Chiral Transition and the Scalar and Vector Correlations


  The properties of the scalar and vector correlations in the hot and/or dense
hadronic matter close to chiral transition are discussed. Presuming that the
linear realization of chiral symmetry will become appropriate at least near the
critical point, we argue that the strength function in the $I=J=0$ channel will
soften near the critical point, and the sigma meson will accordingly become a
clearer resonance in hot and/or dense medium than in the free space. It is
shown that the steep rise of the baryon-number susceptibility $\chi_B$ around
the critical point seen in the lattice simulations may suggest that the
interactions between quarks in the vector channel become week near the critical
point; this implies that the peculiar behavior of the $\chi_B$ does not
necessarily imply a proliferation of baryons and antibaryons (Skyrmions) which
is though a natural scenario of chiral transition in the non-linear realization
of chiral symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95662 </DOCNO>
Scalars convected by a 2D incompressible flow


  We provide a test for numerical simulations, for several two dimensional
incompressible flows, that appear to develop sharp fronts. We show that in
order to have a front the velocity has to have uncontrolled velocity growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95947 </DOCNO>
New proof of Weyl's theorem


  Let $lu = -u^{\prime \prime} + q(x)u$, where $q(x)$ is a real-valued
$L^2_{loc}(0, \infty)$ function. H. Weyl has proved in 1910 that for any $z$,
$Imz \neq 0$, the equation $(l - z)w=0$, $x>0$, has a solution $w \in L^2(0,
\infty)$.
  We prove this classical result using a new argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169085 </DOCNO>
Linear Order Matrix Inversion Method with Help from Quantum Searching


  Presented here is a matrix inversion method utilizing quantum searching
algorithm. In this method, huge Hilbert space as a whole spanned by myriad of
eigen states is searched and evaluated efficiently by sequential reduction in
dimension one by one. Total iteration steps required for search are
proportional to the number of unknown variables. Our method could solve very
large linear equations with sufficiently high probability faster than any
existing classical algorithms, which roughly depends on the cube of unknown
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149252 </DOCNO>
String Equation for String Theory on a Circle


  We derive a constraint (string equation) which together with the Toda Lattice
hierarchy determines completely the integrable structure of the compactified 2D
string theory. The form of the constraint depends on a continuous parameter,
the compactification radius R. We show how to use the string equation to
calculate the free energy and the correlation functions in the dispersionless
limit. We sketch the phase diagram and the flow structure and point out that
there are two UV critical points, one of which (the sine-Liouville string
theory) describes infinitely strong vortex or tachyon perturbation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5977 </DOCNO>
The N\'eel transition, spin fluctuations, and pseudogap in underdoped


  We show that the N\'eel transition and spin fluctuations near the N\'eel
transition in planar cuprates can be described by a SU(2) invariant
relativistic four-fermion model in 2+1 dimensions. Features of the pseudogap
phenomenon are naturally described by the appearance of an anomalous dimension
for the spinon propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7282 </DOCNO>
Locating the minimum : Approach to equilibrium in a disordered,


  We consider the dynamics of the disordered, one-dimensional, symmetric zero
range process in which a particle from an occupied site $k$ hops to its nearest
neighbour with a quenched rate $w(k)$. These rates are chosen randomly from the
probability distribution $f(w) \sim (w-c)^{n}$, where $c$ is the lower cutoff.
For $n > 0$, this model is known to exhibit a phase transition in the steady
state from a low density phase with a finite number of particles at each site
to a high density aggregate phase in which the site with the lowest hopping
rate supports an infinite number of particles. In the latter case, it is
interesting to ask how the system locates the site with globally minimum rate.
We use an argument based on local equilibrium, supported by Monte Carlo
simulations, to describe the approach to the steady state. We find that at
large enough time, the mass transport in the regions with a smooth density
profile is described by a diffusion equation with site-dependent rates, while
the isolated points where the mass distribution is singular act as the
boundaries of these regions. Our argument implies that the relaxation time
scales with the system size $L$ as $L^{z}$ with $z=2+1/(n+1)$ for $n > 1$ and
suggests a different behaviour for $n < 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126029 </DOCNO>
A BeppoSAX observation of Her X-1 during the first main-on after an


  Results of a BeppoSAX observation of Her X-1 in 2000 October during the first
main-on state after the longest recorded anomalous low-state are presented. The
0.1-30 keV spectrum, light curve and pulse profile are all consistent with
those measured during previous main on-states, indicating that Her X-1 has
resumed its regular 35 day cycle with similar on-state properties as before.
However, from a comparison of the measured pulse period with that obtained
close to the start of the anomalous low-state, it is evident that Her X-1
continued to spin-down strongly during the anomalous low-state such that the
pulse period has returned to a similar value as ~15 years ago. Additionally,
the occurrence time of the main-on states after the end of the anomalous
low-state indicate that a change in the length, or phasing, of the 35-day cycle
occurred during the anomalous low-state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4742 </DOCNO>
SET based experiments for HTSC materials: II


  The cuprates seem to exhibit statistics, dimensionality and phase transitions
in novel ways. The nature of excitations
 [i.e. quasiparticle or collective], spin-charge separation, stripes [static
and dynamics], inhomogeneities, psuedogap, effect of impurity dopings [e.g. Zn,
Ni] and any other phenomenon in these materials must be consistently
understood. In this note we further discuss our original suggestion of using
Single Electron Tunneling Transistor
 [SET] based experiments to understand the role of charge dynamics in these
systems. Assuming that SET operates as an efficient charge detection system we
can expect to understand the underlying physics of charge transport and charge
fluctuations in these materials for a range of doping. Experiments such as
these can be classed in a general sense as mesoscopic and nano characterization
of cuprates and related materials. In principle such experiments can show if
electron is fractionalized in cuprates as indicated by ARPES data. In contrast
to flux trapping experiments SET based experiments are more direct in providing
evidence about spin-charge separation. In addition a detailed picture of nano
charge dynamics in cuprates may be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179296 </DOCNO>
Significance Of Deuteron Breakup In A Halo Transfer Reaction


  We discuss the quasi-adiabatic approximations to the three-body wavefunction
in breakup processes, clarifying the assumptions underlying the model. This
suggests alternative approximation schemes. Using different theoretical
three-body models, calculated differential cross section angular distributions
for the Be-11(p,d) reaction,for which new preliminary data have been reported
at 35 MeV, are presented. We show that calculations are sensitive to the
inclusion of deuteron breakup and to the breakup model used, particularly if
used to deduce absolute spectroscopic information on the 0{+} and 2{+} Be-10
core state parentages. There is also considerable sensitivity to the model used
in calculations of the relative cross sections to the two states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83653 </DOCNO>
HTTP Cookies: Standards, Privacy, and Politics


  How did we get from a world where cookies were something you ate and where
"non-techies" were unaware of "Netscape cookies" to a world where cookies
are a hot-button privacy issue for many computer users? This paper will
describe how HTTP "cookies" work, and how Netscape's original specification
evolved into an IETF Proposed Standard. I will also offer a personal
perspective on how what began as a straightforward technical specification
turned into a political flashpoint when it tried to address non-technical
issues such as privacy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129253 </DOCNO>
Cepheids, Supernovae, Ho, and the Age of the Universe


  The local expansion field is mapped using Cepheids, a complete sample of TF
distances, and nearby cluster distances. The large-scale field is mapped using
Cepheid-calibrated blue SNeIa. These data give Ho(local)=59.2+/-1.4 [km/s
Mpc^-1] and Ho(cosmic)=57.4+/-2.3. The intermediate expansion field (1200 < v <
10000km/s) is less well calibrated but fully consistent with Ho~60. Ho is
therefore (nearly) scale-invariant (high-density regions excluded). -- The P-L
relation of Cepheids is based on an improved zero point of (m-M)_{LMC}=18.56.
The slope of the P-L relation for P>10days, as judged from OGLE data (Udalski
et al. 1999) is flatter than anticipated, which tends to increase the above
values of Ho by 3.4 units. No significant metallicity effect on the Cepheid
distances seems to be indicated. For all practical purposes Ho=60 is
recommended with a systematic error of probably less than 10%. -- The
corresponding expansion age is T=15.7+/-1.5Gy (with Omega(Matter)=0.3,
Omega(Lambda)=0.7), which compares well with the formation time of 15+/-2Gy for
the apparently oldest globular cluster M107.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3122 </DOCNO>
Effect of a Variable-Spin Quantum Dot on a Wire Conductance


  A numerically exact calculation of the T=0 transport properties of a quantum
wire interacting with a lateral two-level quantum dot is presented. The wire
conductance is calculated for all different states of charge and spin of the
quantum dot. For a dot with two electrons we obtain an enhancement of the Kondo
temperature at the singlet-triplet transition and a non-universal scaling law
for its dependence upon the dot energy spacing. We find that the Kondo
correlation is stronger for a dot spin $S_D \sim 1$ than for $S_D \sim 1/2$. In
both cases the wire current is totally quenched by the Kondo effect. When the
dot is in the mixed-valence regime and $1/2 < S_D < 1$ the wire conductance is
partially quenched except in a very small region of gate potential where it
reaches the maximum value $e^2/h$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86313 </DOCNO>
Microlensing by natural wormholes: theory and simulations


  We provide an in depth study of the theoretical peculiarities that arise in
effective negative mass lensing, both for the case of a point mass lens and
source, and for extended source situations. We describe novel observational
signatures arising in the case of a source lensed by a negative mass. We show
that a negative mass lens produces total or partial eclipse of the source in
the umbra region and also show that the usual Shapiro time delay is replaced
with an equivalent time gain. We describe these features both theoretically, as
well as through numerical simulations. We provide negative mass microlensing
simulations for various intensity profiles and discuss the differences between
them. The light curves for microlensing events are presented and contrasted
with those due to lensing produced by normal matter. Presence or absence of
these features in the observed microlensing events can shed light on the
existence of natural wormholes in the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169414 </DOCNO>
Encoded Universality from a Single Physical Interaction


  We present a theoretical analysis of the paradigm of encoded universality,
using a Lie algebraic analysis to derive specific conditions under which
physical interactions can provide universality. We discuss the significance of
the tensor product structure in the quantum circuit model and use this to
define the conjoining of encoded qudits. The construction of encoded gates
between conjoined qudits is discussed in detail. We illustrate the general
procedures with several examples from exchange-only quantum computation. In
particular, we extend our earlier results showing universality with the
isotropic exchange interaction to the derivation of encoded universality with
the anisotropic exchange interaction, i.e., to the XY model. In this case the
minimal encoding for universality is into qutrits rather than into qubits as
was the case for isotropic (Heisenberg) exchange. We also address issues of
fault-tolerance, leakage and correction of encoded qudits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86158 </DOCNO>
Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11


  Our previous analyses of radio Doppler and ranging data from distant
spacecraft in the solar system indicated that an apparent anomalous
acceleration is acting on Pioneer 10 and 11, with a magnitude a_P ~ 8 x 10^{-8}
cm/s^2, directed towards the Sun (anderson,moriond). Much effort has been
expended looking for possible systematic origins of the residuals, but none has
been found. A detailed investigation of effects both external to and internal
to the spacecraft, as well as those due to modeling and computational
techniques, is provided. We also discuss the methods, theoretical models, and
experimental techniques used to detect and study small forces acting on
interplanetary spacecraft. These include the methods of radio Doppler data
collection, data editing, and data reduction.
  There is now further data for the Pioneer 10 orbit determination. The
extended Pioneer 10 data set spans 3 January 1987 to 22 July 1998. [For Pioneer
11 the shorter span goes from 5 January 1987 to the time of loss of coherent
data on 1 October 1990.] With these data sets and more detailed studies of all
the systematics, we now give a result, of a_P = (8.74 +/- 1.33) x 10^{-8}
cm/s^2. (Annual/diurnal variations on top of a_P, that leave a_P unchanged, are
also reported and discussed.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73356 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Broadening Effects on Hard Prompt Photons at Relativistic


  We calculate prompt photon production in high-energy nuclear collisions. We
focus on the broadening of the intrinsic transverse momenta of the partons in
the initial state from nuclear effects, and their influence on the prompt
photon p_t distribution. Comparing to WA98 data from Pb+Pb collisions at SPS
energy we find evidence for the presence of nuclear broadening at high p_t in
this hard process. Below p_t=2.7 GeV the photon distribution is due to small
momentum transfer processes. At RHIC energy, the effect of intrinsic transverse
momentum on the spectrum of prompt photons is less prominent. The region
p_t=3-4 GeV would be the most promising for studying the nuclear broadening
effects at that energy. Below p_t=2-3 GeV the contribution from large momentum
transfers flattens out, and we expect that region to be dominated by soft
contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98773 </DOCNO>
Homotopy quantum field theories and tortile structures


  We study a variation of Turaev's homotopy quantum field theories using
2-categories of surfaces. We define the homotopy surface 2-category of a space
$X$ and define an $\cS_X$-structure to be a monoidal 2-functor from this to the
2-category of idempotent-complete additive $k$-linear categories. We initiate
the study of the algebraic structure arising from these functors. In particular
we show that, under certain conditions, an $\cS_X$-structure gives rise to a
lax tortile $\pi$-category when the background space is an Eilenberg-Maclane
space $X=K(\pi,1)$, and to a tortile category with lax $\pi_2X$-action when the
background space is simply-connected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127090 </DOCNO>
Laboratory Astrophysics and Collimated Stellar Outflows: The Production


  We present first results of astrophysically relevant experiments where highly
supersonic plasma jets are generated via conically convergent flows. The
convergent flows are created by electrodynamic acceleration of plasma in a
conical array of fine metallic wires (a modification of the wire array
Z-pinch). Stagnation of plasma flow on the axis of symmetry forms a standing
conical shock effectively collimating the flow in the axial direction. This
scenario is essentially similar to that discussed by Canto\' ~and collaborators
as a purely hydrodynamic mechanism for jet formation in astrophysical systems.
Experiments using different materials (Al, Fe and W) show that a highly
supersonic ($M\sim 20$), well-collimated jet is generated when the radiative
cooling rate of the plasma is significant. We discuss scaling issues for the
experiments and their potential use for numerical code verification. The
experiments also may allow direct exploration of astrophysically relevant
issues such as collimation, stability and jet-cloud interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168740 </DOCNO>
Position measuring interactions and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle


  A prevailing formulation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is
re-examined that measuring position with noise $\epsilon$ brings the momentum
disturbance no less than $\hbar/2\epsilon$. With rigorous formulations of noise
and disturbance, a model of a measuring interaction demonstrates that this
formulation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is by no means universally
valid. An experimental realization of the model is also suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98986 </DOCNO>
On a problem posed by Pauli


  A problem posed in a remark by Pauli is discussed: is it possible to recover
the state vector of a quantum system from the distribution functions of the
physical observables of this system ?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7039 </DOCNO>
Incoherent interlayer conductivity of layered systems


  The criterion for the maximum incoherent conductivity $\sigma_{c,max}$ in the
anisotropic system is shown to be $\sigma_{c,max} \sigma_{ab}=C (e^2/h)^2
n_{2D}$, where $n_{2D}$ is the two-dimensional electron density, and $C$ is a
numerical constant of order one. A model of c-axis interlayer conductivity of
layered system in the incoherent regime is developed. The temperature
dependence of the c-axis conductivity is derived to be $\sigma_c (T) \sim
T^\alpha$, where $\alpha$ is determined by the effective strength of the
interplane voltage fluctuations. The ``pseudogap'' phenomenon of suppressed
interplane conductivity at low frequencies (or low voltages) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5073 </DOCNO>
Friction law for dense granular flows: application to the motion of a


  The problem of the spreading of a granular mass released at the top of a
rough inclined plane was investigated. We experimentally measure the evolution
of the avalanche from the initiation up to the deposit using a Moir\'e image
processing technique. The results are quantitatively compared with the
prediction of an hydrodynamic model based on depth averaged equations. In the
model, the interaction between the flowing layer and the rough bottom is
described by a non trivial friction force whose expression is derived from
measurements on steady uniform flows. We show that the spreading of the mass is
quantitatively predicted by the model when the mass is released on a plane free
of particles. When an avalanche is triggered on an initially static layer, the
model fails in quantitatively predicting the propagation but qualitatively
captures the evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125267 </DOCNO>
Modelling The First Probable Two Plane Lens System B2114+022:


  We test possible lensing scenarios of the JVAS system B2114+022, in which two
galaxies at different redshifts (``G1'' at $z_1 = 0.3157$ and ``G2'' at $z_2 =
0.5883$) are found within 2 arcseconds of quadruple radio sources. For our
investigation, we use possible lensing constraints derived from a wealth of
data on the radio sources obtained with VLA, MERLIN, VLBA and EVN as well as
HST imaging data on the two galaxies, which are presented in Augusto et al. In
the present study, we focus on reproducing the widest separated,
observationally similar radio components A and D as lensed images. We first
treat G2 (which is the more distant one from the geometric centre) as a shear
term, and then consider two plane lensing explicitly including G2's potential
at the $z_2$ plane as the first case of two plane lens modelling. Our modelling
results not only support the hypothesis that the system includes
gravitationally lensed images of a higher redshift extragalactic object, but
they also show that the explicit inclusion of G2's potential at the second lens
plane is necessary in order to fit the data with astrophysically plausible
galaxy parameters. Finally, we illustrate a natural consequence of a two-plane
lens system, namely the prediction of distortion as well as shift and
stretching of G2's isophotes by G1's potential, which can in principle be
measured by subtracting out G1's light distribution in a high S/N and good
angular resolution image, especially a multi-colour one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2442 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in the Re-B system


  Superconductivity was found for a rhenium boride Re3B at Tc=4.7 K and for
ReB2 with Tc in the range from 4.5 to 6.3 K depending on the boron
concentrations. Both compounds have the structure different from that of the
simple layered diborides, in particular from MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98483 </DOCNO>
Miller Spaces and Spherical Resolvability of Finite Complexes


  We show that if $K$ is a nilpotent finite complex, then $\Omega K$ can be
built from spheres using fibrations and homotopy (inverse) limits. This is
applied to show that if ${\mathrm {map}}_*(X,S^n)$ is weakly contractible for
all $n$, then ${\mathrm {map}}_*(X,K)$ is weakly contractible for any nilpotent
finite complex $K$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149758 </DOCNO>
On q-Electroweak


  The q-electroweak theory obtained by replacing SU(2) by $SU_q(2)$ in the
Weinberg-Salam model is experimentally not distinguishable from the standard
model at the level of the doublet representation. However, differences between
the two theories should be observable when higher dimensional representations
are taken into account. In addition the possibility of probing non-local
structure may be offered by the q-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150159 </DOCNO>
On Einstein-Hilbert type action of superon-graviton model(SGM)


  The fundamental action of superon-graviton model(SGM) of Einstein-Hilbert
type for space-time and matter is written down explicitly in terms of the
fields of the graviton and superons by using the affine connection formalism
and the spin connection formalism. Some characteristic structures including
some hidden symmetries of the gravitational coupling of superons are manifested
(in two dimensional space-time) with some details of the calculations. SGM
cosmology is discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114205 </DOCNO>
Development of Nuclotron Magnet Power Supply Control System


  The magnetic field control subsystem of the Nuclotron - a superferric ion
synchrotron - is described. The bending (BM), focusing (QF) and defocusing (QD)
magnets are powered by three supplies. The BMs are driven by the supply of a
6.3 kA nominal current. The QFs and QDs are connected in series and powered by
the 6 kA supply. An additional supply of 200 A for the QFs is used to keep the
reqired ratio I(QF)/I(QD). The BM magnetic field shape is set by a pulse
function generator which produceds a reference burst (Bo-train) with a 0.1 Gs
resolution. A real B-train of the bending magnet field with the same (0.1 Gs)
resolution is used for feedback loop and as reference function for QD and QF
supplies. The QD and QF trains are utilized for feedback loop in the QD and QF
supplies. The control of slow extraction system suppllies is described as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168628 </DOCNO>
K-quantum Nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings Model in Two Trapped Ions


  A k-quantum nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings model for two trapped ions interacting
with laser beams resonant to k-th red side-band of center-of-mass mode, far
from Lamb-Dicke regime, has been obtained. The exact analytic solution showed
the existence of quantum collapses and revivals of the occupation of two atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5019 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition in Strongly Degenerate Hydrogen Plasma


  Direct fermionic path-integral Monte-Carlo simulations of strongly coupled
hydrogen are presented. Our results show evidence for the hypothetical plasma
phase transition. Its most remarkable manifestation is the appearance of
metallic droplets which are predicted to be crucial for the electrical
conductivity allowing to explain the rapid increase observed in recent shock
compression measurments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72345 </DOCNO>
Studying Hadronic Structure of the Photon in Lattice QCD


  We show that the matrix element of a local quark-gluon operator in the photon
state, $<\gamma(k\lambda)|\hat O| \gamma(k\lambda)>$, can be calculated in
lattice QCD. The result is generalized to other quantities involving space-like
photons, including the transition form factor $\gamma\gamma^*\to \pi^0$ and the
virtual-photon-nucleon Compton amplitude $<\gamma^*N |\gamma^*N>$ which can be
used to define the generalized Drell-Hearn-Gerasimov and Bjorken sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127917 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Disk Sizes Around Young Intermediate-Mass Stars: Nulling


  Physical models of circumstellar disks surrounding pre-main sequence stars
are currently constrained primarily by the spectral energy distribution (SED)
of the system. Here we present first results from a survey of nearby Herbig Ae
stars using nulling interferometry. We measure the spatial extent of the mid-IR
emission for the stars HD 150193, HD 163296, and HD 179218. The results
indicate the size of mid-infrared emission around Herbig Ae stars may be much
smaller than current models predict. The observations constrain ~90% of the 10
micron flux to be within an approximately 20 AU diameter region, providing
significant spatial limits for disk models. These results demonstrate the
scientific potential for nulling interferometry to study circumstellar disks
with better spatial discernment than is possible with standard mid-infrared
imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83561 </DOCNO>
Optimal Bid Sequences for Multiple-Object Auctions with Unequal Budgets


  In a multiple-object auction, every bidder tries to win as many objects as
possible with a bidding algorithm. This paper studies position-randomized
auctions, which form a special class of multiple-object auctions where a
bidding algorithm consists of an initial bid sequence and an algorithm for
randomly permuting the sequence. We are especially concerned with situations
where some bidders know the bidding algorithms of others. For the case of only
two bidders, we give an optimal bidding algorithm for the disadvantaged bidder.
Our result generalizes previous work by allowing the bidders to have unequal
budgets. One might naturally anticipate that the optimal expected numbers of
objects won by the bidders would be proportional to their budgets.
Surprisingly, this is not true. Our new algorithm runs in optimal O(n) time in
a straightforward manner. The case with more than two bidders is open.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126850 </DOCNO>
Scattered Light Models of Protostellar Envelopes: Multiple Outflow


  Ground based imaging, imaging polarimetry, and recent Hubble Space Telescope
WFPC2 and NICMOS images of protostars have revealed very complex scattered
light patterns that cannot be entirely explained by 2-D radiation transfer
models. We present here for the first time radiation transfer models of T Tau
and IRAS 04016+2610 that are fully 3-D, with the aim of investigating the
effects on image morphology of multiple illuminating sources and infalling
envelopes that have been shaped by multiple outflows. For T Tau we have
constructed scattered light models where the illumination of the surrounding
envelope is by a binary with each source surrounded by its own small
circumstellar disk or envelope. We find that the asymmetries in the WFPC2 image
of T Tau can be reproduced if the disks in the binary system are misaligned,
consistent with a recently discovered bipolar outflow believed to originate
from the secondary. For IRAS 04016+2610 we find that the observed scattered
light pattern can be reproduced by scattering in an envelope with cavities
carved by two sets of bipolar outflows, suggestive of an embedded binary
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128250 </DOCNO>
A Photometric Study of the Young Stellar Population Throughout the


  We present VRI photometry of 320,917 stars with 11 < R < 18 throughout the
lambda Orionis star-forming region. We statistically remove the field stars and
identify a representative PMS population throughout the interior of the
molecular ring. The spatial distribution of this population shows a
concentration of PMS stars around lambda Ori and in front of the B35 dark
cloud. Few PMS stars are found outside these pockets of high stellar density,
suggesting that star formation was concentrated in an elongated cloud extending
from B35 through lambda Ori to the B30 cloud. We find a lower limit for the
global stellar mass of about 500 Mo. We find that the global ratio of low- to
high-mass stars is similar to that predicted by the field initial mass
function, but this ratio varies strongly as a function of position in the
star-forming region. Locally, the star-formation process does not produce a
universal initial mass function. We construct a history of the star-forming
complex. This history incorporates a recent supernova to explain the
distribution of stars and gas today.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86040 </DOCNO>
Local Wick Polynomials and Time Ordered Products of Quantum Fields in


  In order to have well defined rules for the perturbative calculation of
quantities of interest in an interacting quantum field theory in curved
spacetime, it is necessary to construct Wick polynomials and their time ordered
products for the noninteracting theory. A construction of these quantities has
recently been given by Brunetti, Fredenhagen, and Kohler, and by Brunetti and
Fredenhagen, but they did not impose any ``locality'' or ``covariance''
condition in their constructions. As a consequence, their construction of time
ordered products contained ambiguities involving arbitrary functions of
spacetime point rather than arbitrary parameters. In this paper, we construct
an ``extended Wick polynomial algebra''-large enough to contain the Wick
polynomials and their time ordered products. We then define the notion of a
{\it local, covariant quantum field}, and seek a definition of {\it local} Wick
polynomials and their time ordered products as local, covariant quantum fields.
We impose scaling requirements on our local Wick polynomials and their time
ordered products as well as certain additional requirements-such as commutation
relations with the free field and appropriate continuity properties under
variations of the spacetime metric. For a given polynomial order in powers of
the field, we prove that these conditions uniquely determine the local Wick
polynomials and their time ordered products up to a finite number of
parameters. (These parameters correspond to the usual renormalization
ambiguities occurring in Minkowski spacetime together with additional
parameters corresponding to the coupling of the field to curvature.) We also
prove existence of local Wick polynomials. However, the issue of existence of
local time ordered products is deferred to a future investigation

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1980 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Superconducting Properties and Field Induced Magnetism in


  In the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 (Tc=2.3K) the critical field is
large, anisotropic and displays hysteresis. The magnitude of the critical-field
anisotropy in the a-c plane can be as large as 70 kOe and depends on
orientation. Critical field measurements in the (110) plane suggest 2D
superconductivity, whereas conventional effective mass anisotropy is observed
in the (100) plane. Two distinct field-induced magnetic phases are observed: Ha
appears deep in the superconducting phase, while Hb intersects Hc2 at T=1.4 K
and extends well above Tc. These observations suggest the possible realization
of a direct transition from ferromagnetism to Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov
superconductivity in CeCoIn5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76783 </DOCNO>
On the non-perturbative gluon mass and heavy quark physics


  We study a recently proposed gauge invariant, non-local pure gauge
observable, which is equivalent to the gluon propagator in a certain gauge. The
correlator describes a gluon coupled to static sources and decays with
eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian, permitting a non-perturbative definition of a
gluonic parton mass. Detailed numerical tests of the observable are performed
in SU(2) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions. In a Higgs model it reproduces the
physical W-boson mass, while in a confining theory its non-local nature results
in almost exclusive projection onto torelonic states. However, the gluon mass
can also be related to the mass difference between the lowest gluelumps, i.e.
gluon configurations bound to adjoint sources. Its value is computed in SU(2)
pure gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions to be m_A=0.360(19)g^2, which plays an
important role as "magnetic mass" of the four-dimensional theory at high
temperatures. The same quantity is found to determine the mass splitting
between vector and scalar mesons in the three-dimensional theory. In SU(3) pure
gauge theory in 3+1 dimensions the corresponding gluelump splitting yields
m_A\approx 370 MeV. Possible relations of this quantity with the QCD heavy
meson spectrum are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73475 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark photoproduction at THERA


  Measurements of heavy quark production at a possible future $ep$ facility,
THERA, would provide valuable information on the structure of the photon. QCD
cross-section predictions are made at LO for both charm and beauty production
and their sensitivity to current parametrisations of the photon parton
densities is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95540 </DOCNO>
Subregular representations of $\sl_n$ and simple singularities of type


  Alexander Premet has stated the following problem: what is a relation between
subregular nilpotent representations of a classical semisimple restricted Lie
algebra and non-commutative deformations of the corresponding singularities? We
solve this problem for type $A$. Using the McKay correspondence, we relate the
solution to bases in equivariant $K$-theory introduced by Lusztig.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75405 </DOCNO>
Quantum Energies of Solitons


  For renormalizable models a method is presented to unambiguously compute the
energy that is carried by localized field configurations (solitons). A
variational approach for the total energy is utilized to search for soliton
configurations. As an example a 1+1 dimensional model is considered. The
quantum energy of configurations that are translationally invariant for a
subset of coordinates is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3518 </DOCNO>
Interaction of an electron gas with photoexcited electron-hole pairs in


  The nature of the correlated electron gas and its response to photo-injected
electron-hole pairs in nominally undoped and modulation-doped multiple
quantum-well (MQW) structures was studied by experiment and theory, revealing a
new type of optically-active excitation, magnetoplasmons bound to a mobile
valence hole. These excitations are blue-shifted from the corresponding
transition of the isolated charged magnetoexciton X-. The observed blue-shift
of X- is larger than that of two-electron negative donor D-, in agreement with
theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179361 </DOCNO>
Deformed Boson Scheme in Time-Dependent Variational Method. II


  In this paper as a continuation of Part I, the case of two kinds of boson
operators is treated. The deformation of the coherent states for the su(2)- and
the su(1,1)-algebra and their related deformed algebras are discussed in
various forms including the most popular form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74933 </DOCNO>
Gravitational collapse of a radiating shell and radiation bursts


  We study the collapse of a self-gravitating thick shell of bosons coupled to
a scalar radiation field. Due to the non-adiabaticity of the collapse, the
shell (quantum) internal degrees of freedom absorb energy from the (classical)
gravitational field and are excited. The excitation energy is then emitted in
the form of bursts of (thermal) radiation and the corresponding backreaction on
the trajectory is estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124537 </DOCNO>
The radio-luminosity - black hole mass correlation for quasars from the


  Several independent lines of evidence now point to a correlation between
black hole mass, M_bh, and radio-luminosity. In this paper we discuss the
correlation for quasars from the FIRST Bright Quasar Survey (FBQS), using black
hole mass estimates from Hbeta linewidths. The FBQS objects fill in the gap
between the radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars in the radio-luminosity -
optical-luminosity plane, and we find that they fill the corresponding gap in
the M_bh - radio luminosity correlation. There is thus a continuous variation
of radio luminosity with M_bh, and no evidence for a ``switch'' at some set of
critical parameter values which turns on powerful radio jets. By combining the
FBQS data with that for quasars from the Palomar-Green survey we find evidence
for a dependence of radio-luminosity on accretion rate relative to the
Eddington limit, L/L_Edd, as well as on M_bh, consistent with the well-known
radio-optical correlation for radio-loud quasars. We therefore suggest a new
scheme to ``unify'' radio-loud and radio-quiet objects in which radio
luminosity scales proportional to M_bh^{1.9+/-0.2}(L/L_Edd)^{1.0} for
L/L_Edd~0.1, with an apparently weaker accretion rate dependence at low
L/L_Edd. The scatter about this relation is +/-1.1 dex, and may well hide
significant contributions from other physical effects, such as black hole spin
and radio source environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7105 </DOCNO>
The boundary between long-range and short-range critical behavior


  We investigate phase transitions of two-dimensional Ising models with
power-law interactions, using an efficient Monte Carlo algorithm. For slow
decay, the transition is of the mean-field type; for fast decay, it belongs to
the short-range Ising universality class. We focus on the intermediate range,
where the critical exponents depend continuously on the power law. We find that
the boundary with short-range critical behavior occurs for interactions
depending on distance r as r^{-15/4}. This answers a long-standing controversy
between mutually conflicting renormalization-group analyses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 908 </DOCNO>
Response theory for time-resolved second-harmonic generation and


  A unifying response theory for the time-resolved nonlinear light generation
and two-photon photoemission (2PPE) from flat metal surfaces is presented. The
theory describes the dependence of the nonlinear optical response and the
photoelectron yield, respectively, on the pulse shape of the exciting laser.
While our theory works for arbitrary pulse shapes, we mostly focus on the case
of two pulses of the same mean frequency. The interplay between pulse shape,
relaxation times of excited electrons, and band structure is analyzed directly
in the time domain. The theory allows to discuss when the frequently used
optical Bloch equations are valid and how collective excitations affect the
nonlinear optical response and 2PPE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125027 </DOCNO>
Small Scale Structure at High Redshift: II. Physical Properties of the


  Keck HIRES spectra were obtained of the separate images of three
gravitationally lensed QSOs (UM 673, Q1104-1804, and Q1422+2309). We studied
the velocity and column density differences in CIV doublets in each QSO. Unlike
the low ionization gas clouds typical of the interstellar gas in the Galaxy or
damped Ly alpha galaxies, the spatial density distribution of CIV absorbing gas
clouds turns out to be mostly featureless on scales up to a few hundred
parsecs, with column density differences rising to 50 percent or more over
separations beyond a few kpc. Similarly, velocity shear becomes detectable only
over distances larger than a few hundred pc, rising to 70 km/s at a few kpc.
The energy transmitted to the gas is substantially less than in present day
star-forming regions, and the gas is less turbulent on a given spatial scale
than, e.g., local HII regions. The quiescence of CIV clouds, taken with their
probable low density, imply that these objects are not internal to galaxies.
The CIV absorbers could be gas expelled recently to large radii and raining
back onto its parent galaxy, or pre-enriched gas from an earlier (population
III) episode of star formation, falling into the nearest mass concentration.
However, while the metals in the gas may have been formed at higher redshifts,
the residual turbulence in the clouds and the minimum coherence length measured
here imply that the gas was stirred more recently, possibly by star formation
events recurring on a timescale on the order of 10-100 Million years (abstract
abbreviated).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2760 </DOCNO>
Spectral function of a quarter-filled one-dimensional CDW insulator


  We consider a one-dimensional charge density wave (CDW) insulator formed by
Umklapp processes in a quarter-filled band. The spectrum of the model consists
of gapless, uncharged excitations carrying spin $\pm 1/2$ (spinons) and gapped,
spinless excitations carrying charge $\pm e/2$ (solitons and antisolitons). We
calculate the low-energy behaviour of the single-electron Green's function at
zero temperature. The spectral function exhibits a rather featureless
scattering continuum of two solitons and many spinons. The theory predicts that
the gap observed by Angle Resolved Photoemission (ARPES) is twice the
activation gap in the dc conductivity. We comment on possible applications to
${\rm PrBa_2Cu_3O_7}$ and to the Bechgaard salts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 339 </DOCNO>
Collective Excitations of a "Gravitationally" Self-Bound Bose Gas


  We investigate the collective excitations of an atomic Bose-Einstein
condensate in the self-binding regime produced by electromagnetically induced
``gravity'' (1/r attraction). Analytical expressions for the frequencies of the
monopole and quadrupole modes are obtained at zero temperature, using the
sum-rule approach, and compared with the exact results available in the
Thomas-Fermi limit. The low-energy dynamics of such condensates is shown to be
dominated by the effective ``plasma'' frequency. An analog of the Jeans
gravitational instability is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96157 </DOCNO>
Continuous Family of Invariant Subspaces for R-diagonal Operators


  We show that every R-diagonal operator x has a continuous family of invariant
subspaces relative to the von Neumann algebra generated by x. This allows us to
find the Brown measure of x and to find a new conceptual proof that
Voiculescu's S-transform is multiplicative. Our considerations base on a new
concept of R-diagonality with amalgamation, for which we give several
equivalent characterizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126084 </DOCNO>
Broad-band Observations and Modeling of the Shell-Type Supernova Remnant


  The supernova remnant G347.3--0.5 emits a featureless power-law in X-rays,
thought to indicate shock-acceleration of electrons to high energies. We here
produce a broad-band spectrum of the bright NW limb of this source by combining
radio observations from the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), X-ray
observations from the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA),
and TeV gamma-ray observations from the CANGAROO imaging Cerenkov telescope. We
assume this emission is produced by an electron population generated by
diffusive shock acceleration at the remnant forward shock. The nonlinear
aspects of the particle acceleration force a connection between the widely
different wavelength bands and between the electrons and the unseen ions,
presumably accelerated simultaneously with the electrons. This allows us to
infer the relativistic proton spectrum and estimate ambient parameters such as
the supernova explosion energy, magnetic field, matter density in the emission
region, and efficiency of the shock acceleration process. We find convincing
evidence that the shock acceleration is efficient, placing >25% of the shock
kinetic energy flux into relativistic ions. Despite this high efficiency, the
maximum electron and proton energies, while depending somewhat on assumptions
for the compression of the magnetic field in the shock, are well below the
observed `knee' at about 10^{15} eV in the Galactic cosmic-ray spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41871 </DOCNO>
Black Holes from Cosmic Rays: Probes of Extra Dimensions and New Limits


  If extra spacetime dimensions and low-scale gravity exist, black holes will
be produced in observable collisions of elementary particles. For the next
several years, ultra-high energy cosmic rays provide the most promising window
on this phenomenon. In particular, cosmic neutrinos can produce black holes
deep in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to quasi-horizontal giant air showers.
We determine the sensitivity of cosmic ray detectors to black hole production
and compare the results to other probes of extra dimensions. With n \ge 4 extra
dimensions, current bounds on deeply penetrating showers from AGASA already
provide the most stringent bound on low-scale gravity, requiring a fundamental
Planck scale M_D > 1.3 - 1.8 TeV. The Auger Observatory will probe M_D as large
as 4 TeV and may observe on the order of a hundred black holes in 5 years. We
also consider the implications of angular momentum and possible exponentially
suppressed parton cross sections; including these effects, large black hole
rates are still possible. Finally, we demonstrate that even if only a few black
hole events are observed, a standard model interpretation may be excluded by
comparison with Earth-skimming neutrino rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128176 </DOCNO>
Serendipitous Detections of XTE J1906+09 with the Rossi X-ray Timing


  In 1996 during Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observations of SGR
1900+14, the 89-s X-ray pulsar XTE J1906+09 was discovered. As a result of
monitoring campaigns of SGR 1900+14, XTE J1906+09 was also monitored regularly
in 1996 September, 1998 May-June, 1998 August-1999 July, and 2000 March-2001
January. A search for pulsations in these observations resulted in detections
of only the two previously reported outbursts in 1996 September and 1998
August- September. Pulsed flux upper limits for the remaining observations
indicate that XTE J1906+09 is a transient X-ray pulsar and therefore likely has
a Be star companion. XTE J1906+09 was not detected with the RXTE All Sky
Monitor. Pulse timing analysis of the second outburst revealed a sinusoidal
signature in the pulse frequencies that is likely produced by periastron
passage in an orbit. Fits to pulse phases using an orbital model and quadratic
phase model have chi^2 minima at orbital periods of 26-30 days for fixed mass
functions of 5, 10, 15, and 20 M_sun. The pulse shape showed intensity and
energy dependent variations. Pulse phase spectroscopy was used to quantify the
energy dependent variations. The phase averaged spectrum, using the pulse
minimum spectrum as the background spectrum to eliminate effects from SGR
1900+14 and the galactic ridge, was well fitted by an absorbed power law with a
high energy cutoff. Estimated 2-10 keV peak fluxes, corrected for contributions
from the galactic ridge and SGR 1900+14, are 6E-12 ergs/cm^2/s and 1.1E-10
ergs/cm^2/s for the 1996 and 1998 outbursts, respectively. XTE J1906+09 may be
a member of an unusual class of Be/X-ray binaries that do not lie on the
general spin period versus orbital period correlation with the majority of
Be/X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113486 </DOCNO>
Extraction of Cs-137 by alcohol-water solvents from plants containing


  As a result of nuclear power plant accidents, large areas receive radioactive
inputs of Cs-137. This cesium accumulates in herbs growing in such territories.
The problem is whether the herbs contaminated by radiocesium may be used as a
raw material for medicine. The answer depends on the amount of Cs-137
transfered from the contaminated raw material to the medicine. We have
presented new results of the transfer of Cs-137 from contaminated Digitalis
grandiflora Mill. and Convallaria majalis L. to medicine. We found that the
extraction of Cs-137 depends strongly on the hydrophilicity of the solvent. For
example 96.5%(vol.) ethyl alcohol extracts less Cs-137 (11.6%) than 40%(vol.)
ethyl alcohol or pure water (66.2%). The solubility of the cardiac glycosides
is inverse to the solubility of cesium, which may be of use in the
technological processes for manufacturing ecologically pure herbal medicine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96685 </DOCNO>
Movable categories


  The notion of movability for metrizable compacts was introduced by K.Borsuk
$[1]$. In this paper we define the notion of movable category and prove that
the movability of a topological space $X$ coincides with the movability of a
suitable category, which is generated by the topological space $X$ (i.e., the
category $W^X$, defined by S.Mardesic).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7399 </DOCNO>
Scattering theory on graphs (2): the Friedel sum rule


  We consider the Friedel sum rule in the context of the scattering theory for
the Schr\"odinger operator $-\Dc_x^2+V(x)$ on graphs made of one-dimensional
wires connected to external leads. We generalize the Smith formula for graphs.
We give several examples of graphs where the state counting method given by the
Friedel sum rule is not working. The reason for the failure of the Friedel sum
rule to count the states is the existence of states localized in the graph and
not coupled to the leads, which occurs if the spectrum is degenerate and the
number of leads too small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73500 </DOCNO>
Derivative Expansion and the Effective Action for the Abelian


  We study systematically the higher order corrections to the parity violating
part of the effective action for the Abelian Chern-Simons theory in 2+1
dimensions, using the method of derivative expansion. We explicitly calculate
the parity violating parts of the quadratic, cubic and the quartic terms (in
fields) of the effective action. We show that each of these actions can be
summed, in principle, to all orders in the derivatives. However, such a
structure is complicated and not very useful. On the other hand, at every order
in the powers of the derivatives, we show that the effective action can also be
summed to all orders in the fields. The resulting actions can be expressed in
terms of the leading order effective action in the static limit. We prove gauge
invariance, both large and small of the resulting effective actions. Various
other features of the theory are also brought out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168243 </DOCNO>
Quantum non-demolition measurement of nonlocal variables and its


  Quantun non-demolition (QND) variables are generlized to the nonlocal ones by
proposing QND measurement networks of Bell states and multi-partite GHZ states,
which means that we can generate and measure them without any destruction. One
of its prospective applications in the quantum authentication system of the
Quantum Security Automatic Teller Machine (QSATM) which is much more reliable
than the classical ones is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168010 </DOCNO>
Reducing the linewidth of an atom laser by feedback


  A continuous atom laser will almost certainly have a linewidth dominated by
the effect of the atomic interaction energy, which turns fluctuations in the
condensate atom number into fluctuations in the condensate frequency. These
correlated fluctuations mean that information about the atom number could be
used to reduce the frequency fluctuations, by controlling a spatially uniform
potential. We show that feedback based on a physically reasonable quantum
non-demolition measurement of the atom number of the condensate in situ can
reduce the linewidth enormously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126218 </DOCNO>
A physically consistent model for X-ray emission by Seyfert 2 galaxies


  Preliminary analysis of the X-ray spectrum of NGC 1068 obtained by the RGS
spectrometer on board XMM-Newton is presented. A physically consistent model is
developed in order to quantitatively describe the reprocessing of the central
AGN continuum source into the discrete X-ray emission observed in Seyfert 2
galaxies. All the important atomic processes are taken into account, including
photoexcitation, which has been neglected in some previous models. The model
fits the high resolution NGC 1068 data very well, which implies that the
contribution of hot collisional gas to the X-ray spectrum of NGC 1068 is
negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76345 </DOCNO>
High energy scattering and AdS/CFT


  In this talk we describe the application of the AdS/CFT correspondence for a
confining background to the study of high energy scattering amplitudes in gauge
theory. We relate the energy behaviour of scattering amplitudes to properties
of minimal surfaces of the helicoidal type. We describe the results of
hep-th/0003059 and hep-th/0010069 for amplitudes with vacuum quantum number
exchange and, very briefly, hep-th/0110024 on the extension of this formalism
to Reggeon exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125012 </DOCNO>
Atmospheres and Spectra of Strongly Magnetized Neutron Stars


  We construct atmosphere models for strongly magnetized neutron stars with
surface fields $B\sim 10^{12}-10^{15}$ G and effective temperatures $T_{\rm
eff}\sim 10^6-10^7$ K. The atmospheres directly determine the characteristics
of thermal emission from isolated neutron stars, including radio pulsars, soft
gamma-ray repeaters, and anomalous X-ray pulsars. In our models, the atmosphere
is composed of pure hydrogen or helium and is assumed to be fully ionized. The
radiative opacities include free-free absorption and scattering by both
electrons and ions computed for the two photon polarization modes in the
magnetized electron-ion plasma. Since the radiation emerges from deep layers in
the atmosphere with $\rho\ga 10^2$ g/cm$^3$, plasma effects can significantly
modify the photon opacities by changing the properties of the polarization
modes. In the case where the magnetic field and the surface normal are
parallel, we solve the full, angle-dependent, coupled radiative transfer
equations for both polarization modes. We also construct atmosphere models for
general field orientations based on the diffusion approximation of the
transport equations and compare the results with models based on full radiative
transport. In general, the emergent thermal radiation exhibits significant
deviation from blackbody, with harder spectra at high energies. The spectra
also show a broad feature ($\Delta E/\Ebi\sim 1$) around the ion cyclotron
resonance $\Ebi=0.63 (Z/A)(B/10^{14}{G})$ keV, where $Z$ and $A$ are the atomic
charge and atomic mass of the ion, respectively; this feature is particularly
pronounced when $\Ebi\ga 3k\Teff$. Detection of the resonance feature would
provide a direct measurement of the surface magnetic fields on magnetars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4629 </DOCNO>
Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the t-Jz model with stripes on the


  We have performed finite temperature quantum Monte Carlo simulations on the
t-Jz model on the square lattice. An on-site potential, representing the effect
of external mechanisms, is used to stabilize a state of straight site-centered
stripes. We show in the first place that various results of our simulations can
be related to features observed in high-Tc superconductors giving validity to
our model. In particular, it is shown that only below a certain temperature the
spin regions between stripes are in anti-phase corresponding to an
"incommensurate" magnetic order. Then, we examine the hole-hole correlations
concluding that in the presence of this kind of stripes no sign of attraction
of holes is seen at the lowest temperatures we can reach. The consequences for
several theories regarding the relationship between stripes and
superconductivity are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96115 </DOCNO>
Multiple noncommutative tori and Hopf algebras


  We derive the Kac-Paljutkin finite-dimensional Hopf algebras as finite
fibrations of the quantum double torus and generalize the construction for
quantum multiple tori.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41153 </DOCNO>
Searches beyond the Standard Model at HERA


  At HERA, new physics processes beyond the SM are probed in e^+/- proton
collisions at a center of mass energy of 300-318 GeV. Recent results on
searches obtained by the H1 and ZEUS experiments are presented with an emphasis
on data taken in e^-p collisions in the years 1998/99 and in e^+p collisions in
the years 1999 and 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87232 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics without spacetime - a possible case for noncommutative


  The rules of quantum mechanics require a time coordinate for their
formulation. However, a notion of time is in general possible only when a
classical spacetime geometry exists. Such a geometry is itself produced by
classical matter sources. Thus it could be said that the currently known
formulation of quantum mechanics pre-assumes the presence of classical matter
fields. A more fundamental formulation of quantum mechanics should exist, which
avoids having to use a notion of time. In this paper we discuss as to how such
a fundamental formulation could be constructed for single particle,
non-relativistic quantum mechanics. We argue that there is an underlying
non-linear theory of quantum gravity, to which both standard quantum mechanics
and classical general relativity are approximations. The timeless formulation
of quantum mechanics follows from the underlying theory when the mass of the
particle is much smaller than Planck mass. On the other hand, when the
particle's mass is much larger than Planck mass, spacetime emerges and the
underlying theory should reduce to classical mechanics and general relativity.
We also suggest that noncommutative differential geometry is a possible
candidate for describing this underlying theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1462 </DOCNO>
Metallic Xenon, Molecular Condensates, and Superconductivity


  A possibility of explaining the light absorption observed to occur under
pressure-induced xenon metallization as due to the transition to the
superconducting state is analyzed. The mechanism of the van der Waals bonding
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96901 </DOCNO>
Quasisymmetric robustness of the Collet-Eckmann condition in the


  We consider quasisymmetric reparametrizations of the parameter space of the
quadratic family. We prove that the set of quadratic maps which are either
regular or Collet-Eckmann with polynomial recurrence of the critical orbit has
full Lebesgue measure.
  (The intent of this work is just to be a rigorous reference for the companion
preprint Statistical properties of unimodal maps: smooth families with negative
Schwarzian derivative. It is based on the LaTeX file of the paper Statistical
properties of unimodal maps: the quadratic family. The proofs are very similar
and in many places differ just by change of constants.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4843 </DOCNO>
Pattern Formation of Ion Channels with State Dependent Electrophoretic


  A model of mobile, charged ion channels in a fluid membrane is studied. The
channels may switch between an open and a closed state according to a simple
two-state kinetics with constant rates. The effective electrophoretic charge
and the diffusion constant of the channels may be different in the closed and
in the open state. The system is modeled by densities of channel species,
obeying simple equations of electro-diffusion. The lateral transmembrane
voltage profile is determined from a cable-type equation. Bifurcations from the
homogeneous, stationary state appear as hard-mode, soft-mode or hard-mode
oscillatory transitions within physiologically reasonable ranges of model
parameters. We study the dynamics beyond linear stability analysis and derive
non-linear evolution equations near the transitions to stationary patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126996 </DOCNO>
Submillimeter telescope for the Russian segment of the ISS:


  The Submillimetron is the international project of the space telescope for
astronomical studies at the submillimeter and infrared wavelengths using
facilities of the Russian segment of the International Space Station (ISS). The
concept of the telescope includes a 60 cm mirror cooled to liquid helium
temperature with a novel type of microbolometers arrays using effects of
superconductivity. This combination gives unique possibility to realize
background limited sensitivity in the spectral minimum of the extraterrestrial
background near frequency 1 THz between peaks of galactic dust emission and
CMB. The angular resolution about 1 arcmin, field of view about 1 degree, and
optics are similar to IRAS satellite, but the sensitivity is better on more
than order of magnitude for about 10^-18 W/Hz^-1/2. This improvement and
another spectral region permits to reveal in full sky survey considerably more
new astrophysical objects. The concept of free flying instrument with periodic
docking to ISS gives possibility to combine low cost with reliability,
refilling, repairment and maintenance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75433 </DOCNO>
A Search for Vector Diquarks at the CERN LHC


  Resonant production of the first generation vector diquarks at the CERN Large
Hadron Collider (LHC) have been investigated. It is shown that the LHC will be
able to discover vector diquarks with masses up to 9 (8) TeV if coupling
alpha_(D)~alpha_(s) (alpha_(em)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74717 </DOCNO>
Predictive power of renormalisation group flows: a comparison


  We study a proper-time renormalisation group, which is based on an operator
cut-off regularisation of the one-loop effective action. The predictive power
of this approach is constrained because the flow is not an exact one. We
compare it to the Exact Renormalisation Group, which is based on a momentum
regulator in the Wilsonian sense. In contrast to the former, the latter
provides an exact flow. To leading order in a derivative expansion, an explicit
map from the exact to the proper-time renormalisation group is established. The
opposite map does not exist in general. We discuss various implications of
these findings, in particular in view of the predictive power of the
proper-time renormalisation group. As an application, we compute critical
exponents for O(N)-symmetric scalar theories at the Wilson-Fisher fixed point
in 3d from both formalisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 388 </DOCNO>
Jamming creep of a frictional interface


  We measure the displacement response of a frictional multicontact interface
between identical polymer glasses to a biased shear force oscillation. We
evidence the existence, for maximum forces close below the nominal static
threshold, of a jamming creep regime governed by an ageing-rejuvenation
competition acting within the micrometer-sized contacting asperities.
Quantitative analysis of the creep curves suggests that another such mechanism
might be at work within the nanometer-thick adhesive junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123786 </DOCNO>
Lensing-induced Non-Gaussian Signatures in the Cosmic Microwave


  We propose a new method for extracting the non-Gaussian signatures on the
isotemperature statistics in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) sky, which
is induced by the gravitational lensing due to the intervening large-scale
structure of the universe. To develop the method, we focus on a specific
statistical property of the intrinsic Gaussian CMB field; a field point in the
map that has a larger absolute value of the temperature threshold tends to have
a larger absolute value of the curvature parameter defined by a trace of second
derivative matrix of the temperature field, while the ellipticity parameter
similarly defined is uniformly distributed independently of the threshold
because of the isotropic nature of the Gaussian field. The weak lensing then
causes a stronger distortion effect on the isotemperature contours with higher
threshold and especially induces a coherent distribution of the ellipticity
parameter correlated with the threshold as a result of the coupling between the
CMB curvature parameter and the gravitational tidal shear in the observed map.
These characteristic patterns can be statistically picked up by considering
three independent characteristic functions, which are obtained from the
averages of quadratic combinations of the second derivative fields of CMB over
isotemperature contours with each threshold. Consequently, we find that the
lensing effect generates non-Gaussian signatures on those functions that have a
distinct functional dependence of the threshold. We test the method using
numerical simulations of CMB maps and show that the lensing signals can be
measured definitely, provided that we use CMB data with sufficiently low noise
and high angular resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3002 </DOCNO>
Instanton method for the electron propagator


  A nonperturbative theory of the electron propagator is developed and used to
calculate the one-particle Green's function and tunneling density-of-states in
strongly correlated electron systems. The method, which is based on a
Hubbard-Stratonovich decoupling of the electron-electron interaction combined
with a cumulant expansion of the resulting noninteracting propagator, provides
a possible generalization of the instanton technique to the calculation of the
electron propagator in a many-body system. Application to the one-dimensional
electron gas with short-range interaction is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148161 </DOCNO>
Polchinski ERG Equation in O(N) Scalar Field Theory


  We investigate the Polchinski ERG equation for d-dimensional O(N) scalar
field theory. In the context of the non-perturbative derivative expansion we
find families of regular solutions and establish their relation with the
physical fixed points of the theory. Special emphasis is given to the large N
limit for which many properties can be studied analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7565 </DOCNO>
Star-Triangle Relation of the Chiral Potts Model Revisited


  We give the simple proof of the star-triangle relation of the chiral Potts
model. We also give the constructive way to understand the star-triangle
relation of the chiral Potts model, which may give the hint to give the new
integrable models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127927 </DOCNO>
The Distance to SN 1999em in NGC 1637 from the Expanding Photosphere


  We present 30 optical spectra and 49 photometric epochs sampling the first
517 days after discovery of supernova (SN) 1999em, and derive its distance
through the expanding photosphere method (EPM). SN 1999em is shown to be a Type
II-plateau (II-P) event, with a photometric plateau lasting until about 100
days after explosion. We identify the dominant ions responsible for most of the
absorption features seen in the optical portion of the spectrum during the
plateau phase. We find the distance to SN 1999em to be D = 8.2 +/- 0.6 Mpc,
with an explosion date of 5.3 +/- 1.4 days before discovery.
  We examine potential sources of systematic error in EPM-derived distances,
and find the most significant to result from uncertainty in the theoretical
modeling of the flux distribution emitted by the SN photosphere (i.e., the
``flux dilution factor''). We compare previously derived EPM distances to 5 SNe
II in galaxies for which a recently revised Cepheid distance exists from the
HST Key Project and find D(Cepheids) / D(EPM) = 0.96 +/- 0.09. Finally, we
investigate the possible use of SNe II-P as standard candles and find that for
8 photometrically confirmed SNe II-P with previously derived EPM distances and
SN 1999em, the mean plateau absolute brightness is M_V(plateau) = -16.4 +/- 0.6
mag, implying that distances good to ~30% (1-sigma) may be possible without the
need for a complete EPM analysis. At M_V(plateau) = -15.9 +/- 0.2 mag, SN
1999em is somewhat fainter than the average SN II-P. The general consistency of
absolute SNe II-P brightness during the plateau suggests that the standard
candle assumption may allow SNe II-P to be viable cosmological beacons at z >
2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75546 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in the Minimal Supersymmetric Seesaw Model


  We study CP violation in the lepton sector of the supersymmetric extension of
the Standard Model with three generations of massive singlet neutrinos with
Yukawa couplings $Y_\nu$ to lepton doublets, in a minimal seesaw model for
light neutrino masses and mixing. This model contains six physical CP-violating
parameters, namely the phase $\delta$ observable in oscillations between light
neutrino species, two Majorana phases $\phi_{1,2}$ that affect $\beta \beta_{0
\nu}$ decays, and three independent phases appearing in
${Y_\nu}{Y_\nu}^\dagger$, that control the rate of leptogenesis.
Renormalization of the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters induces
observable CP violation at low energies, including T-odd asymmetries in
polarized $\mu\to eee$ and $\tau \to \ell \ell \ell$ decays, as well as lepton
electric dipole moments. In the leading-logarithmic approximation in which the
massive singlet neutrinos are treated as degenerate, these low-energy
observables are sensitive via ${Y_\nu}^\dagger{Y_\nu}$ to just one combination
of the leptogenesis and light-neutrino phases. We present numerical results for
the T-odd asymmetry in polarized $\mu\to eee$ decay, which may be accessible to
experiment, but the lepton electric dipole moments are very small in this
approximation. To the extent that the massive singlet neutrinos are not
degenerate, low-energy observables become sensitive also to two other
combinations of leptogenesis and light-neutrino phases, in this minimal
supersymmetric seesaw model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113748 </DOCNO>
Static and Dynamic Regimes of Arbitrary Gain Compensation Single-Mode


  We report on a methodology for the evaluation of the DC characteristics,
small-signal frequency response and large-signal dynamic response of carrier
and photon density responses in semiconductor laser diodes. A single mode laser
is considered and described with a pair of rate equations containing a novel
non-linear gain compensation term depending on a single parameter that can be
chosen arbitrarily. This approach can be applied to any type of solid-state
laser as long as it is described by a set of rate equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126200 </DOCNO>
Shapes of dark matter halos


  I present an analysis of the density shapes of dark matter halos in LCDM and
LWDM cosmologies. The main results are derived from a statistical sample of
galaxy-mass halos drawn from a high resolution LCDM N-body simulation. Halo
shapes show significant trends with mass and redshift: low-mass halos are
rounder than high mass halos, and, for a fixed mass, halos are rounder at low
z. Contrary to previous expectations, which were based on cluster-mass halos
and non-COBE normalized simulations, LCDM galaxy-mass halos at z=0 are not
strongly flattened, with short to long axis ratios of s = 0.70 +/- 0.17. I go
on to study how the shapes of individual halos change when going from a LCDM
simulation to a simulation with a warm dark matter power spectrum (LWDM). Four
halos were compared, and, on average, the WDM halos are more spherical than
their CDM counterparts (s =0.77 compared to s = 0.71). A larger sample of
objects will be needed to test whether the trend is significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3181 </DOCNO>
Exact and Approximate Theoretical Techniques for Quantum Magnetism in


  Quantum magnetism in low dimensions has been one of the central areas of
theoretical research for many decades now. One of the key reasons for the long
standing interest in this field has been the existence of simplified models,
which serve as paradigms for understanding the role of strong interactions in
many-electron systems. Although simple, these models quite often can not be
solved exactly. In this review, we discuss a variety of analytical and
numerical methods, which treat the system in a systematic and controlled
manner. The central method employed in all the studies is the density matrix
renormalization group (DMRG) method. This is supported by small scale numerical
exact calculations, and by analytical methods using field theoretic techniques.
We have considered a number of magnetic systems, from magnetic clusters to
extended lattices, and have found some novel quantum ground states and
low-energy elementary excitations. In some cases, we have also employed the
finite-temperature DMRG method to accurately compute the low-temperature
thermodynamic properties such as specific heat and magnetic susceptibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168235 </DOCNO>
Exactly solvable three-body Calogero-type model with translucent


  A new exactly solvable alternative to the Calogero three-particle model is
proposed. Sharing its confining long-range part, it contains the mere
zero-range two-particle barriers. Their penetrability gives rise to a
tunneling, tunable via their three independent strengths. Their variability can
control the removal of the degeneracy of the energy levels in an innovative,
non-perturbative manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41163 </DOCNO>
The Inclusive Jet Cross Section in ppbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV


  We present a preliminary measurement of the central inclusive jet cross
section using a successive combination algorithm based on relative transverse
momenta (kT) for jet reconstruction. We analyze a 87.3 pb-1 data sample
collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron ppbar Collider during
1994-1995. The cross section, reported as a function of transverse momentum (pT
> 60 GeV) in the central region of pseudo-rapidity (|eta| < 0.5), is in
reasonable agreement with next-to-leading order QCD predictions. This is the
first jet production measurement in a hadron collider using a successive
combination type of jet algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96181 </DOCNO>
Evasion and prediction IV: Fragments of constant prediction


  Say that a function pi:n^{<omega}-->n (henceforth called a predictor)
k-constantly predicts a real x in n^omega if for almost all intervals I of
length k, there is i in I such that x(i)=pi (x restriction i). We study the
k-constant prediction number v_n^const(k), that is, the size of the least
family of predictors needed to k --constantly predict all reals, for different
values of n and k, and investigate their relationship.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74890 </DOCNO>
A natural solution for the \mu problem with anomalous U(1)_A gauge


  Recently we proposed an attractive scenario of grand unified theories with
anomalous $U(1)_A$ gauge symmetry, in which doublet-triplet splitting is
naturally realized in SO(10) unification using Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism and
realistic quark and lepton mass matrices can be obtained in a simple way. In
this paper we show that there is a mechanism in which the doublet Higgs obtains
the supersymmetric mass which is proportional to the SUSY breaking parameters.
This mechanism can be applied easily in the above scenario. The point is that
the mass term, which is forbidden by SUSY zero mechanism, can be induced by
SUSY breaking. The proportional coefficient is controlled by the anomalous
U(1)_A charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76032 </DOCNO>
The Spin of the Nucleon in Effective Models


  The three flavor soliton approach for baryons is utilized to discuss effects
of flavor symmetry breaking in the baryon wave--functions on axial current
matrix elements. The flavor content of the singlet axial current matrix
elements, that parameterizes the quark spin contribution to the total angular
momentum, is disentangled and studied as a function of the effective flavor
symmetry breaking. Here the nucleon and the Lambda--hyperon are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114128 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Podkletnov's Phenomenon Based on Expansive Nondecelerative


  Owing to Vaidya metric including, the model of Expansive Nondecelerative
Universe (ENU) is able to localize gravitational energy. Based on the
quantification of gravitational field of the Earth, ENU allows to rationalize
and quantify the effects of a superconductor-based high voltage impulse gravity
generator constructed by Podkletnov. The differences in energy effect observed
for two generators used are explained and improvement of the experiment
arrangement is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75443 </DOCNO>
Subtleties in CPT-Transformation for Majorana fermions


  We point out the relevance of the so-called Majorana creation phase in the
s-channel matrix elements in connection with the CPT-transformation of the
latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40695 </DOCNO>
Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson in e+e- Collisions at sqrt(s)


  A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson has been performed with the OPAL
detector at LEP based on the full data sample collected at sqrt(s) = 192-209
GeV in 1999 and 2000, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
approximately 426 pb-1. The data are examined for their consistency with the
background-only hypothesis and various Higgs boson mass hypotheses. A lower
bound of 109.7 GeV is obtained on the Higgs boson mass at the 95% confidence
level. At higher masses, the data are consistent with both the background and
the signal-plus-background hypotheses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126009 </DOCNO>
Radio sources in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey - II. Local radio


  We have cross-matched the 1.4 GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) with the first
210 fields observed in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS), covering an
effective area of 325 square degrees (about 20% of the final 2dFGRS area). This
yields a set of optical spectra of 912 candidate NVSS counterparts, of which we
identify 757 as genuine radio IDs - the largest and most homogeneous set of
radio-source spectra ever obtained. The 2dFGRS radio sources span the redshift
range z=0.005 to 0.438, and are a mixture of active galaxies (60%) and
star-forming galaxies (40%). About 25% of the 2dFGRS radio sources are
spatially resolved by NVSS, and the sample includes three giant radio galaxies
with projected linear size greater than 1 Mpc. The high quality of the 2dF
spectra means we can usually distinguish unambiguously between AGN and
star-forming galaxies. We have made a new determination of the local radio
luminosity function at 1.4 GHz for both active and star-forming galaxies, and
derive a local star-formation density of 0.022+/-0.004 solar masses per year
per cubic Mpc. (Ho=50 km/s/Mpc).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3682 </DOCNO>
Relation between Anderson- and Invariant Imbedding Models for Transport


  The invariant imbedding evolution equations for the amplitude reflection and
transmission coefficients of a disordered 1D chain are shown to follow from the
continuum limit, for weak disorder, of recursion relations between reflection
(transmission) coefficients of Anderson chains of N and N-1 atoms embedded in
infinite non-disordered chains. We show that various available analytical and
numerical results for reflection phase distributions in the Anderson- and
invariant imbedding models are in good qualitative agreement, as expected from
the above equivalence of these models. We also discuss the distribution of
reflection phases and of reflection delay times for an Anderson model with a
simple distribution of on-site potentials characterizing extreme strong
disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 12 </DOCNO>
Quantum Complex Henon-Heiles Potentials


  Quantum-mechanical PT-symmetric theories associated with complex cubic
potentials such as V=x^2+y^2+igxy^2 and V=x^2+y^2+z^2+igxyz, where g is a real
parameter, are investigated. These theories appear to possess real, positive
spectra. Low-lying energy levels are calculated to very high order in
perturbation theory. The large-order behavior of the perturbation coefficients
is determined using multidimensional WKB tunneling techniques. This approach is
also applied to the complex Henon-Heiles potential V=x^2+y^2+ig(xy^2-x^3/3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2803 </DOCNO>
Duality and Non-linear Response for Quantum Hall Systems


  We derive the implications of particle-vortex duality for the electromagnetic
response of Quantum Hall systems beyond the linear-response regime. This
provides a first theoretical explanation of the remarkable duality which has
been observed in the nonlinear regime for the electromagnetic response of
Quantum Hall systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1507 </DOCNO>
Metal-Boron Nanotubes


  Nanotubular materials inspired by crystalline diborides such as AlB_2 are
proposed. The atomic structure, in particular the basic chemical question of
where to put Al atoms in order to stabilize nanotubular Al-B systems, is
investigated using density-functional calculations for prototype systems. The
optimized tubular prototypes are found to be competitive in energy with their
bulk crystalline counterparts. All of the tubular Al-B systems investigated are
calculated to be metallic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129185 </DOCNO>
The evolution of the Tully-Fisher relation of spiral galaxies


  We present the B-band Tully-Fisher relation (TFR) of 60 late-type galaxies
with redshifts 0.1-1. The galaxies were selected from the FORS Deep Field with
a limiting magnitude of R=23. Spatially resolved rotation curves were derived
from spectra obtained with FORS2 at the VLT. High-mass galaxies with v_max>=150
km/s show little evolution, whereas the least massive systems in our sample are
brighter by about 1-2 mag compared to their local counterparts. For the entire
distant sample, the TFR slope is flatter than for local field galaxies
(-5.77+-0.45 versus -7.92+-0.18). Thus, we find evidence for evolution of the
slope of the TFR with redshift on the 3-sigma level. This is still true when we
subdivide the sample into three redshift bins. We speculate that the flatter
tilt of our sample is caused by the evolution of luminosities and an additional
population of blue galaxies at z>=0.2. The mass dependence of the TFR evolution
also leads to variations for different galaxy types in magnitude-limited
samples, suggesting that selection effects can account for the discrepant
results of previous TFR studies on the luminosity evolution of late-type
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72342 </DOCNO>
Exact Chiral Symmetry on the Lattice


  Developments during the last eight years have refuted the folklore that
chiral symmetries cannot be preserved on the lattice. The mechanism that
permits chiral symmetry to coexist with the lattice is quite general and may
work in Nature as well. The reconciliation between chiral symmetry and the
lattice is likely to revolutionize the field of numerical QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96625 </DOCNO>
Forcing Discretization and Determination in Quantum History Theories


  We present a formally deterministic representation for quantum history
theories where we obtain the probabilistic structure via a discrete contextual
variable: no continuous probabilities are as such involved at the primal level
--- we conceive as a history theory any theory that deals with sequential
quantum measurements but remains essentially a dichotomic propositional theory.
A major part of the paper consists of a concise survey of arXiv:
quant-ph/0008061 and quant-ph/0008062.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3800 </DOCNO>
Separation of time and length scales in spin-glasses: temperature as a


  We summarize the different puzzles raised by aging experiments of
spin-glasses and their various interpretations. We try to reconcile the `real
space', droplet like pictures with the hierarchical pictures that have been
proposed in the past. The basic ingredient is a strong separation of the time
scales that govern the dynamics of the system on different length scales.
Changing the temperature changes the length scale at which the system is
observed, thereby allowing rejuvenation (that concerns short length scales) and
memory (stored in long length scales) to coexist. We show that previous
experiments can be reanalyzed in terms of {\it vanishing energy barriers} at
the spin-glass transition, an important ingredient to obtain a fast separation
of time scales. We propose to distinguish between `fixed landscape
rejuvenation', which is already present in simple two (or multi) level systems,
from the `strong' chaos effect on scales larger than an `overlap length'
conjectured in the context of the droplet model. We argue that most experiments
can be accounted for without invoking the existence of an overlap length. New
experiments are presented to test some recent predictions of the strong chaos
scenario, with negative results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75350 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis in theories with large extra spatial dimensions


  We describe a simple and predictive scenario for baryogenesis in theories
with large extra dimensions which resembles Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. The
Affleck-Dine field is a complex scalar field carrying a $U(1)_{\chi}$ charge
which is dynamically broken after the end of inflation. This generates an
excess of $\chi$ over $\bar \chi$, which then decays into Standard Model
fermions to produce an excess of baryons over anti-baryons. Our model is very
constrained because the Affleck-Dine field has to be sufficiently flat during
inflation. It is also a source for density fluctuations which can be tested in
the coming satellite and balloon experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124513 </DOCNO>
Observational evidence for mass ejection during soft X-ray dips in


  We investigate the connection between the X-ray and radio properties of the
Galactic microquasar GRS1915+105, by analyzing the X-ray data observed with
RXTE, during the presence of a huge radio flare (~450 mJy). The X-ray
lightcurve shows two dips of ~100 second duration. Detailed time resolved
spectral analysis shows the existence of three spectral components: a
multicolor disk-blackbody, a Comptonized component due to hot plasma and a
power-law. We find that the Comptonized component is very weak during the dip.
This is further confirmed by the PHA ratio of the raw data and ratio of the
lightcurves in different energy bands. These results, combined with the fact
that the 0.5 -- 10 Hz QPO disappears during the dip and that the Comptonized
component is responsible for the QPO lead to the conclusion that during the
dips the matter emitting Comptonized spectrum is ejected away. This establishes
a direct connection between the X-ray and radio properties of the source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125942 </DOCNO>
Can the 33s pulsations observed from AE Aquarii be explained in terms of


  The 33 s pulsing component observed from AE Aqr is frequently assumed to be
the result of accretion onto the surface of a rotating white dwarf. The
validity of this assumption is discussed in the present paper. I show that
under the conditions of interest the white dwarf is in the state of supersonic
propeller and the efficiency of plasma penetration into its magnetosphere is <
0.1%. This is too small to explain the observed luminosity of the pulsing
component. Moreover, I find that for the currently established value of the
angle between the magnetic and rotational axes of the white dwarf, the material
entering the magnetosphere at the boundary can never reach its surface by
flowing along the magnetic field lines. I conclude that the assumption about
the direct accretion onto the surface of the white dwarf in AE Aqr contradicts
the observational data obtained in the optical/UV and thus cannot be accepted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74609 </DOCNO>
A Diagrammatic Interpretation of the Boltzmann Equation


  We study nonlinear response in weakly coupled nonequilibrium $\phi^4$ theory
in the context of both classical transport theory and real time quantum field
theory, based on a generalized Kubo formula which we derive. A novel connection
between these two approaches is established which provides a diagrammatic
interpretation of the Boltzmann equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74508 </DOCNO>
Softly Broken Supersymmetric Desert from Orbifold Compactification


  A new viewpoint for the gauge hierarchy problem is proposed: compactification
at a large scale, 1/R, leads to a low energy effective theory with
supersymmetry softly broken at a much lower scale, \alpha/R. The hierarchy is
induced by an extremely small angle \alpha which appears in the orbifold
compactification boundary conditions. The same orbifold boundary conditions
break Peccei-Quinn symmetry, leading to a new solution to the \mu problem.
Explicit 5d theories are constructed with gauge groups SU(3) \times SU(2)
\times U(1) and SU(5), with matter in the bulk or on the brane, which lead to
the (next-to) minimal supersymmetric standard model below the compactification
scale. In all cases the soft supersymmetry-breaking and \mu parameters
originate from bulk kinetic energy terms, and are highly constrained. The
supersymmetric flavor and CP problems are solved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41310 </DOCNO>
Search for Quark-Lepton Compositeness and a Heavy Wprime Boson Using the


  We present searches for quark-lepton compositeness and a heavy W' boson at
high electron-neutrino transverse mass. We use ~110/pb of data collected in
p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV by the CDF collaboration during
1992--95.
  The data are consistent with standard model expectations.
  Limits are set on the quark-lepton compositeness scale Lambda and the ratio
of partial cross sections sigma (W' -> e nu) / sigma (W -> e nu). The cross
section ratio is used to obtain a lower limit on the mass of a W' boson with
standard model couplings.
  We exclude Lambda < 2.81 TeV and a W' boson with mass below 754 GeV/c^2 at
the 95% confidence level. We combine the W' mass limit with our previously
published limit obtained using the muon channel, to exclude a W' boson with
mass below 786 GeV/c^2 at the 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126941 </DOCNO>
Infrared Photometry of Late-M, L, and T Dwarfs


  We present ZJHKL'M' photometry of a sample of 58 late-M, L, and T dwarfs,
most of which are identified from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Two
Micron All-Sky Survey. Near-infrared spectra and spectral classifications for
most of this sample are presented in a companion paper by Geballe et al. We
derive the luminosities of 18 dwarfs in the sample and the results imply that
the effective temperature range for the L dwarfs in our sample is approximately
2200-1300 K and for the T dwarfs 1300-800 K. We obtained new photometric data
at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope for: 42 dwarfs at Z, 34 dwarfs at JHK,
21 dwarfs at L', as well as M' data for two L dwarfs and two T dwarfs. The M'
data provide the first accurate photometry for L and T dwarfs in this bandpass
- for a T2 and a T5 dwarf, we find K-M'=1.2 and 1.6, respectively. These colors
are much bluer than predicted by models suggesting that CO may be more abundant
in these objects than expected, as has been found for the T6 dwarf Gl 229B. We
also find that K-L' increases monotonically through most of the M, L, and T
subclasses, but it is almost constant between types L6 and T5. The degeneracy
is probably due to the onset of methane absorption at the blue edge of the L'
bandpass. The JHK colors of L dwarfs show significant scatter, suggesting that
the fluxes in these bandpasses are sensitive to variations in photospheric dust
properties. The H-K colors of the later T dwarfs also show some scatter which
we suggest is due to variations in pressure-induced molecular hydrogen opacity,
which is sensitive to gravity and metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96824 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Diophantine Approximation and Angular Recurrence for


  For a given rotation number we compute the Hausdorff dimension of the set of
well approximable numbers. We use this result and an inhomogeneous version of
Jarnik's theorem to show strong recurrence properties of the billiard flow in
certain polygons

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81422 </DOCNO>
The Relationship of the Laplacian Gauge to the Landau Gauge


  The Laplacian gauge for gauge group SU(N) is discussed in perturbation
theory. It is shown that to the lowest non-trivial order, O(g^1),
configurations in the Laplacian gauge automatically satisfy the (finite
difference) Landau gauge condition. Laplacian gauge fixed configurations are
examined numerically and it is seen that to O(g^2) they do not remain in the
Landau gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174665 </DOCNO>
Transition quadrupole moments in gamma-soft nuclei and the triaxial


  Transition probabilities of the ground-state bands in $\gamma$-soft nuclei
are studied for the first time using the triaxial projected shell model
approach. It is observed that the angular-momentum dependence of the transition
quadrupole moment $Q_t$ is related to the triaxial deformation of the nuclear
mean-field potential. The introduction of the $\gamma$-degree of freedom in the
shell model basis is shown to have a little influence on the {\it constant}
behavior of the low-spin $Q_t$ in a well-deformed nucleus. However, the {\it
increasing} collectivity with spin for the low-spin states in a $\gamma$-soft
nucleus can only be explained by considering the triaxial mean-field
deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41041 </DOCNO>
The Growth of Interaction Cross-Section of 4.3 GeV Electrons in Excited


  The microscopic properties of the interactions of relativistic electrons were
observed to alter when macro-conditions, such as the crystal vacuum, were
changed. A qualitative explanation of the phenomenon is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75606 </DOCNO>
On the intrinsic charm and the recombination mechanisms in charm hadron


  We study $\Lambda_c^\pm$ production in $pN$ and $\pi^-N$ interactions. Recent
experimental data from the SELEX and E791 Collaborations at FNAL provide
important information on the production mechanism of charm hadrons. In
particular, the production of the $\Lambda_c$ baryon provides a good test of
the intrinsic charm and the recombination mechanisms, which have been proposed
to explain the so called leading particle effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83779 </DOCNO>
On Classes of Functions for which No Free Lunch Results Hold


  In a recent paper it was shown that No Free Lunch results hold for any subset
F of the set of all possible functions from a finite set X to a finite set Y
iff F is closed under permutation of X. In this article, we prove that the
number of those subsets can be neglected compared to the overall number of
possible subsets. Further, we present some arguments why problem classes
relevant in practice are not likely to be closed under permutation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149687 </DOCNO>
Emission Spectrum of Fundamental Strings: An Algebraic Approach


  We formulate a linear difference equation which yields averaged
semi-inclusive decay rates for arbitrary, not necessarily large, values of the
masses. We show that the rates for decays $M \to m+\M'$ of typical heavy open
strings are independent of the masses $M$ and $m$, and compute the ``mass
deffect''$M-m-M'$. For closed strings we find decay rates proportional to $M
m_{R}^{(1-D)/2}$, where $m_{R}$ is the reduced mass of the decy products. Our
method yields exact interaction rates valid for all mass ranges and may provide
a fully microscopic basis, not limited to the long string approximation, for
the interactions in the Boltzmann equation approach to hot string gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126374 </DOCNO>
The beaming pattern and spectrum of inverse Compton radiation in blazars


  By including Klein-Nishina effects, we generalize previous calculations of
the beaming pattern of photons produced by inverse Compton scattering. For an
isotropic distribution of soft photons upscattered by nonthermal electrons with
a power-law density distribution embedded in a plasma moving with relativistic
bulk speed we show that the observed radiation intensity is proportional to
D^(3+p), where D is the Doppler boosting factor, and p the electron
distribution index. This agrees with previous computations performed in the
Thomson limit, where the observed spectral index is a=(p-1)/2 and the beaming
pattern D^(4+2a). Independent of D, Klein-Nishina effects limit the location
of the peak energy of the observed spectral energy distribution such that
e_{peak} less than 1/e_0, where e_0 is the energy of the seed photons in units
of mc^2. Assuming that the seed photons originate in the broad line region, we
demonstrate that the GeV emission of blazars is significantly modified by
Klein-Nishina effects, the spectrum being softer than that calculated in the
Thomson limit. We further show that the change in spectral index of the inverse
Compton emission across the peak energy can exceed the value of 0.5 predicted
by computations performed in the Thomson limit. The model spectra agree with
OSSE and COMPTEL limits on this break without invoking the effects of
differential absorption at the edge of a gamma-ray photosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85869 </DOCNO>
Cosmology and Local Physics


  This article is dedicated to the memory of Dennis Sciama. It revisits a
series of issues to which he devoted much time and effort, regarding the
relationship between local physics and the large scale structure of the
universe - in particular, Olber's paradox, Mach's principle, and the various
arrows of time. Thus the focus is various ways in which local physics is
influenced by the universe itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6883 </DOCNO>
Approach to Quantum Kramers' Equation and Barrier Crossing Dynamics


  We have presented a simple approach to quantum theory of Brownian motion and
barrier crossing dynamics. Based on an initial coherent state representation of
bath oscillators and an equilibrium canonical distribution of quantum
mechanical mean values of their co-ordinates and momenta we have derived a
$c$-number generalized quantum Langevin equation. The approach allows us to
implement the method of classical non-Markovian Brownian motion to realize an
exact generalized non-Markovian quantum Kramers' equation. The equation is
valid for arbitrary temperature and friction. We have solved this equation in
the spatial diffusion-limited regime to derive quantum Kramers' rate of barrier
crossing and analyze its variation as a function of temperature and friction.
While almost all the earlier theories rest on quasi-probability distribution
functions (like Wigner function) and path integral methods, the present work is
based on {\it true probability distribution functions} and is independent of
path integral techniques. The theory is a natural extension of the classical
theory to quantum domain and provides a unified description of thermal
activated processes and tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98362 </DOCNO>
Centralisers of Involutions in Black Box Groups


  We discuss basic structural properties of finite black box groups. A special
emphasis is made on the use of centralisers of involutions in probabilistic
recognition of black box groups. In particular, we suggest an algorithm for
finding the $p$-core of a black box group of odd characteristic. This special
role of involutions suggest that the theory of black box groups reproduces, at
a non-deterministic level, some important features of the classification of
finite simple groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125010 </DOCNO>
Integral Field Near-IR Spectroscopy of a Sample of Seyfert and LINER


  We present near-IR integral field spectroscopy of a sample of 31 Seyfert and
LINER galaxies which were selected both to span a wide range of nuclear
magnitudes and to possess roughly equal numbers of Seyfert type 1 and 2 nuclei.
Moderate resolution (R~1000; R~2000 for 3 cases) integral field K-band spectra
were obtained for all 31 galaxies in our sample and for 18 galaxies (R~1000;
R~2000 for 4 cases) H-band integral field spectra were also obtained. In each
case, we present nuclear, larger aperture, and difference spectra with
corresponding information about emission line wavelengths, fluxes, and widths.
Line-free H- and K-band continuum images as well as [FeII] 1.644 micron,
Brackett-gamma, and H_2 1-0 S(1) emission lines are also presented. In
addition, we provide extensive information about each galaxy obtained from the
literature that will be useful subsequently for characterizing the sample and
for comparison with our near-IR data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127410 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray bursts with continuous energy injection and their afterglow


  (Abridged) We discuss a Gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireball with an additional
energy injection, either in the form of a Poynting-flux-dominated outflow or a
kinetic-energy-dominated matter shell injected after the burst. A total
injection energy comparable to that of the impulsive energy in the initial
fireball is required to make a detectable signature in the afterglow
lightcurves. For the case of a Poynting-flux-dominated injection, this leads to
a gradual achromatic bump feature. For the case when the injection is
kinetic-energy-dominated, the collision between the rear (injected) and the
forward shell mild if the relative velocity between the colliding shells does
not exceed a critical value defined by their energy ratio. Otherwise, the
injection is violent, and an additional pair of shocks will form at the
discontinuity between two colliding shells, so that there are altogether three
shock-heated regions from which the emission contributes to the final
lightcurves. We describe the shell-merging process in detail and present
broadband lightcurves with the injection signatures. A violent collision
results in very complicated features, which differs from the gradual bump
signature found in the Poynting-flux or mild matter injection cases. In all the
cases, the energetics of the fireball as well as the absolute afterglow flux
level after the injection are boosted after the injection. Identifying the
different injection signatures from future early afterglow observations may
provide diagnostics about the nature of the fireball and of the central engine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149441 </DOCNO>
New symmetries for Abelian gauge theory in superfield formulation


  We show the existence of some new local, covariant and continuous symmetries
for the BRST invariant Lagrangian density of a free two ($1 + 1$)-dimensional
(2D) Abelian U(1) gauge theory in the framework of superfield formalism. The
Noether conserved charges corresponding to the above local continuous
symmetries find their geometrical origin as the translation generators along
the odd (Grassmannian)- and even (bosonic) directions of the four ($2 +
2)$-dimensional compact supermanifold. Some new discrete symmetries are shown
to exist in the superfield formulation. The logical origin for the existence of
BRST- and co-BRST symmetries is shown to be encoded in the Hodge decomposed
versions (of the 2D fermionic vector fields) that are consistent with the
discrete symmetries of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2313 </DOCNO>
Yield conditions for deformation of amorphous polymer glasses


  Shear yielding of glassy polymers is usually described in terms of the
pressure-dependent Tresca or von Mises yield criteria. We test these criteria
against molecular dynamics simulations of deformation in amorphous polymer
glasses under triaxial loading conditions that are difficult to realize in
experiments. Difficulties and ambiguities in extending several standard
definitions of the yield point to triaxial loads are described. Two
definitions, the maximum and offset octahedral stresses, are then used to
evaluate the yield stress for a wide range of model parameters. In all cases,
the onset of shear is consistent with the pressure-modified von Mises
criterion, and the pressure coefficient is nearly independent of many
parameters. Under triaxial tensile loading, the mode of failure changes to
cavitation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168493 </DOCNO>
Quantum Portfolios


  Quantum computation holds promise for the solution of many intractable
problems. However, since many quantum algorithms are stochastic in nature they
can only find the solution of hard problems probabilistically. Thus the
efficiency of the algorithms has to be characterized both by the expected time
to completion {\it and} the associated variance. In order to minimize both the
running time and its uncertainty, we show that portfolios of quantum algorithms
analogous to those of finance can outperform single algorithms when applied to
the NP-complete problems such as 3-SAT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98290 </DOCNO>
New Identities of Hall-Littlewood Polynomials and Rogers-Ramanujan Type


  We prove two new summation formulae of Hall-Littlewood polynomials over
partitions into bounded parts and derive some new multiple $q$-identities of
Rogers-Ramanujan type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95934 </DOCNO>
Coherent Orientations in Symplectic Field Theory


  We study the coherent orientations of the moduli spaces of `trajectories' in
Symplectic Field Theory, following the lines of \cite{Floer/Hofer:orient}. In
particular we examine their behavior at multiple closed Reeb orbits under
change of the asymptotic direction. Analogous to the orientation of the
unstable tangent spaces of critical points in finite--dimensional Morse theory,
the orientations are determined by a certain choice of orientation at each
closed Reeb orbit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4132 </DOCNO>
More on A Statistical Analysis of Log-Periodic Precursors to Financial


  We respond to Sornette and Johansen's criticisms of our findings regarding
log-periodic precursors to financial crashes. Included in this paper are
discussions of the Sornette-Johansen theoretical paradigm, traditional methods
of identifying log-periodic precursors, the behavior of the first differences
of a log-periodic price series, and the distribution of drawdowns for a
securities price.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3533 </DOCNO>
Pressure-induced recovery of the Fermi-liquid state in the non-Fermi


  In the study of non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) phenomena in correlated metals,
U2Pt2In is of special interest as it is one of the rare stoichiometric
(undoped) materials that show NFL behaviour at ambient pressure. Here we report
on the stability of the NFL phase with respect to hydrostatic pressure (p< 1.8
GPa). Electrical resistivity data under pressure, taken on a single-crystalline
sample for a current in the tetragonal plane, show that T_FL, i.e. the
temperature below which the Fermi-liquid T^2-term is observed, increases with
pressure as T_FL ~ (p-p_c), where p_c~0 is a critical pressure. This provides
strong evidence for the location of U2Pt2In at an antiferromagnetic quantum
critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127328 </DOCNO>
Mid Infrared Polarisation of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies


  The mid infrared polarisation properties of four Ultraluminous Infrared
Galaxies (ULIRGs) have been investigated by broad band filter observations with
the ISOCAM instrument on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The
wavelength region from 5 to 18 mic. was selected where the emission from the
putative torus peaks. We report detection of polarisation for all ULIRGs
studied. The fractional polarisation ranges from about 3% up to 8%. The highest
polarisation is recorded in Mrk231 which has a clear AGN signature, whereas the
lowest is for Arp220, which is generally thought to be powered predominantly by
star formation. We discuss the various mechanisms that could give rise to the
polarisation and conclude that the most likely interpretation is that it is due
to magnetically aligned elongated dust grains. This is the same mechanism
believed to be operating in a number of galactic sources. The position angle of
polarisation could give the projected magnetic field direction and therefore
constrain models for the formation of the tori.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149704 </DOCNO>
Dirac variables in gauge theories


  The review is devoted to a relativistic formulation of the first Dirac
quantization of QED (1927) and its generalization to the non-Abelian theories
(Yang-Mills and QCD) with the topological degeneration of initial data. Using
the Dirac variables we give a systematic description of relativistic nonlocal
bound states in QED with a choice of the time axis of quantization along the
eigenvectors of their total momentum operator.
  We show that the Dirac variables of the non-Abelian fields are topologically
degenerated, and there is a pure gauge Higgs effect in the sector of the zero
winding number that leads to a nonperturbative physical vacuum in the form of
the Wu-Yang monopole. Phases of the topological degeneration in the new
perturbation theory are determined by an equation of the Gribov ambiguity of
the constraint-shell gauge defined as an integral of the Gauss equation with
zero initial data. The constraint-shell non-Abelian dynamics includes zero mode
of the Gauss law differential operator, and a rising potential of the
instantaneous interaction, that rearranges the perturbation series and changes
the assymptotic freedom formula.
  The Dirac variables in QCD with the topological degeneration of initial data
describe constituent gluon, and quark masses, the spontaneous chiral symmetry
breaking, color confinement in the form of quark-hadron duality as a
consequence of summing over the Gribov copies. A solution of U(1)-problem is
given by mixing the zero mode with $\eta_0$ - meson. We discuss reasons why all
these physical effects disappear for arbitrary gauges of physical sources in
the standard Faddeev-Popov integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124978 </DOCNO>
Chandra Detection of the Forward and Reverse Shocks in Cassiopeia-A


  We report the localization of the forward and reversed shock fronts in the
young supernova remnant Cas-A using X-ray data obtained with the Chandra
Observatory. High resolution X-ray maps resolve a previously unseen X-ray
feature encompassing the extremity of the remnant. This feature consists of
thin, tangential wisps of emission bordering the outer edge of the thermal
X-ray and radio remnant, forming a circular rim, approx. 2.7 in radius. Radio
images show a sharp rise in brightness at this X-ray rim, along with a large
jump in the synchrotron polarization angle. These characteristics suggest that
these wisps are the previously unresolved signature of the forward, or outer,
shock. Similarly, we identify the sharp rise in emissivity of the bright shell
for both the radio and X-ray line emission associated with the reverse shock.
The derived ratio of the averaged forward and reverse shock radii of approx.
3:2 constrains the remnant to have swept up roughly the same amount of mass as
was ejected; this suggests that Cas-A is just entering the Sedov phase.
Comparison of the X-ray spectra from the two shock regions shows that the
equivalent widths of prominent emission lines are significantly lower exterior
to the bright shell, as expected if they are respectively identified with the
shocked circumstellar material and shocked ejecta. Furthermore, the spectrum of
the outer rim itself is dominated by power-law emission, likely the counterpart
of the non-thermal component previously seen at energies above 10 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4412 </DOCNO>
Nonextensive statistics and incomplete information


  We comment on some open questions and theoretical peculiarities in Tsallis
nonextensive statistical mechanics. It is shown that the theoretical basis of
the successful Tsallis' generalized exponential distribution shows some
worrying properties with the conventional normalization and the escort
probability. These theoretical difficulties may be avoided by introducing an so
called incomplete normalization allowing to deduce Tsallis' generalized
distribution in a more convincing and consistent way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129490 </DOCNO>
The Planck Telescope


  In this paper we present an overview of the Telescope designed for ESA's
mission dedicated to map the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies and
Polarization. Two instruments, LFI and HFI, operate in an overall frequency
range between 25 and 900 GHz and share the focal region of the 1.5 meter
optimized telescope. The optimization techniques adopted for the optical design
and the telescope characteristic are reported and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72410 </DOCNO>
Long-Range Interactions of the Ball


  In model independent way considered long-range interactions of the
macroscopic objects under assumption that any particle of this objects interact
with probe particle as $ A/r^n$. Also presented model-independent corrections
to the Coulomb energy levels from regularised version of the potential $
A/r^n$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73452 </DOCNO>
Z boson pair production at LHC in a stabilized Randall-Sundrum scenario


  We study the Z boson pair production at LHC in the Randall-Sundrum scenario
with the Goldberger-Wise stabilization mechanism. It is shown that
comprehensive account of the Kaluza-Klein graviton and radion effects is
crucial to probe the model: The KK graviton effects enhance the cross section
of $g g \to Z Z$ on the whole so that the resonance peak of the radion becomes
easy to detect, whereas the RS effects on the $q\bar{q} \to Z Z$ process are
rather insignificant. The $p_T$ and invariant-mass distributions are presented
to study the dependence of the RS model parameters. The production of
longitudinally polarized Z bosons, to which the SM contributions are
suppressed, is mainly due to KK gravitons and the radion, providing one of the
most robust methods to signal the RS effects. The $1 \sigma$ sensitivity bounds
on $(\Lambda_\pi, m_\phi)$ with $k/M_{\rm Pl} =0.1$ are also obtained such that
the effective weak scale $\Lambda_\pi$ of order 5 TeV can be experimentally
probed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123972 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Astrophysical Fluid Instabilities


  We present direct numerical simulations of mixing at Rayleigh-Taylor unstable
interfaces performed with the FLASH code, developed at the ASCI/Alliances
Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago. We
present initial results of single-mode studies in two and three dimensions. Our
results indicate that three-dimensional instabilities grow significantly faster
than two-dimensional instabilities and that grid resolution can have a
significant effect on instability growth rates. We also find that unphysical
diffusive mixing occurs at the fluid interface, particularly in poorly resolved
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149475 </DOCNO>
Reduced N=2 Quantum Mechanics: Descendants of the Kahler Geometries


  We discuss an N=2 quantum mechanics with or without a central charge. A
representation is constructed with the number of bosonic degrees of freedom
less that one half of the fermionic degrees of freedom. We suggest a systematic
method of reducing the bosonic degrees of freedom called ``dynamical
reduction."
 Our consideration opens a problem of a general classification of nonstandard
representations of N=2$ superalgebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98094 </DOCNO>
p-Modular TQFT's and Torsion


  We give an overview over several constructions of TQFT's over finite fields
and cyclotomic integers and their applications to characterizing 3-manifolds
and their fundamental groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85687 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Gravity Waves, Chaos, and Spinning Compact Binaries"


  In this comment, I argue that chaotic effects in binary
black hole inspiral will not strongly impact the detection of gravitational
waves from such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98476 </DOCNO>
Some Analytical Results on Classical Tunneling of Sommerfeld Particle


  A simple example of especially constructed potential barrier enables to show
analytically (not numerically) the existence of tunneling effect for a
Sommerfeld particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73203 </DOCNO>
Existence and Properties of the $f_0(665)$ State and Chiral Symmetry


  On the basis of a simultaneous description of the isoscalar s-wave of
$\pi\pi$ scattering (from the threshold up to 1.9 GeV) and of $\pi\pi\to
K\bar{K}$ process (from the threshold to $\sim$ 1.4 GeV) in the
model-independent approach, it is shown that there exists the $f_0(665)$ state
with properies of the $\sigma$-meson, the glueball nature of $f_0(1500)$ is
indicated, and the $f_0(1370)$ is assigned mainly to $s{\bar s}$ state. The
coupling constants of the observed states with $\pi\pi$ and $K\bar{K}$ systems
and scattering lengths $a_0^0(\pi\pi)$ and $a_0^0(K\bar{K})$ are calculated.
The existence of the $f_0(665)$ state and the obtained $\pi\pi$-scattering
length ($a_0^0\approx 0.27 m_{\pi^+}^{-1}$) seem to suggest the linear
realization of chiral symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95532 </DOCNO>
Categorical Analysis


  We propose the categorification of the algebraic analysis as the Leibniz
3-category given by generators and relations, including the Leibniz 3-cell
relation. The Leibniz category offers the `most general' `(co-)derivation'
3-cell. We outline a program in which every 2-cell related to (or a type of) a
Leibniz partial (co-)derivation 3-cell, is translated into an appropriate
2-cell related to the Cartan 3-cell, and vice versa. A model of a non-Leibniz
2-cell responsible for the stochastic calculus must be a ternary operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41340 </DOCNO>
A Search for Leptoquark Bosons in e^-p Collisions at HERA


  A search for scalar and vector leptoquarks coupling to first generation
fermions is performed in the H1 experiment at the ep collider HERA. The
analysis uses e^- p data collected in 1998 and 1999 at a centre-of-mass energy
of 320 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15 pb^-1. No evidence
for the direct production of such particles is found in a data sample with a
large transverse momentum final state electron or with large missing transverse
momentum, and constraints on leptoquark models are established. For a Yukawa
coupling of electromagnetic strength leptoquarks are excluded for masses up to
290 GeV. This analysis complements the leptoquark searches performed previously
using data collected whilst HERA was operating with positrons instead of
electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74277 </DOCNO>
Solar and Atmospheric Four-Neutrino Oscillations


  We present an analysis of the neutrino oscillation solutions of the solar and
atmospheric neutrino problems in the framework of four-neutrino mixing where a
sterile neutrino is added to the three standard ones and the mass spectra
presents two separated doublets. Such scenarios allow for simultaneous
transitions of solar $\nu_e$, as well as atmospheric $\nu_\mu$, into active and
sterile neutrinos controlled by the additional mixing angles $\vartheta_{23}$
and $\vartheta_{24}$, and they contain as limiting cases the pure solar
$\nu_e$-active and $\nu_e$-sterile neutrino oscillations, and the pure
atmospheric $\nu_\mu\to\nu_s$ and $\nu_\mu\to\nu_\tau$ oscillations,
respectively. We evaluate the allowed active-sterile admixture in both solar
and atmospheric oscillations from the combined analysis. Our results show that,
although the Super-Kamiokande data disfavour both the pure $\nu_\mu\to\nu_s$
atmospheric channel and the pure $\nu_e\to\nu_s$ solar channel, the result from
the combined analysis still favours close-to-pure active and sterile
oscillations and disfavours oscillations into a near-maximal active-sterile
admixture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75802 </DOCNO>
Nuclear enhanced power corrections to DIS structure functions


  We calculate nuclear enhanced power corrections to structure functions
measured in deeply inelastic lepton-nucleus scattering in Quantum
Chromodynamics (QCD). We find that the nuclear medium enhanced power
corrections at order of $O(\alpha_s/Q^2)$ enhance the longitudinal structure
function $F_L$, and suppress the transverse structure function $F_1$. We
demonstrate that strong nuclear effects in $\sigma_A/\sigma_D$ and $R_A/R_D$,
recently observed by HERMES Collaboration, can be explained in terms of the
nuclear enhanced power corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98125 </DOCNO>
Counting occurrences of a pattern of type (1,2) or (2,1) in permutations


  Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized permutation patterns
that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be
adjacent in the permutation. Claesson presented a complete solution for the
number of permutations avoiding any single pattern of type $(1,2)$ or $(2,1)$.
For eight of these twelve patterns the answer is given by the Bell numbers. For
the remaining four the answer is given by the Catalan numbers. With respect to
being equidistributed there are three different classes of patterns of type
$(1,2)$ or $(2,1)$. We present a recursion for the number of permutations
containing exactly one occurrence of a pattern of the first or the second of
the aforementioned classes, and we also find an ordinary generating function
for these numbers. We prove these results both combinatorially and
analytically. Finally, we give the distribution of any pattern of the third
class in the form of a continued fraction, and we also give explicit formulas
for the number of permutations containing exactly $r$ occurrences of a pattern
of the third class when $r\in\{1,2,3\}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123999 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rays in the Energy Range of the Knee - Recent Results from


  A brief motivation for studying cosmic rays at energies 10^14 < E < 10^17 eV
is given. Besides astrophysical interests in identifying and understanding
their sources, there are also particle physics aspects related to their
transport properties in the galaxy or to their detection via extensive air
showers. The KASCADE air shower experiment taking data at Forschungszentrum
Karlsruhe (Germany) provides important information to both of these topics of
particle-astrophysics research. A target of particular interest is the
so-called 'knee' in the cosmic ray energy spectrum at E_k = 4 x 10^15 eV.
Recent results adding knowledge to an understanding its origin will be
presented as well as results on tests of high-energy hadronic interaction
models required for air shower simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1093 </DOCNO>
A cellular automaton traffic flow model between the Fukui-Ishibashi and


  We propose and study a new one-dimensional traffic flow cellular automaton
(CA) model of high speed vehicles with the Fukui-Ishibashi-type acceleration
for all cars and the Nagel-Schreckenberg-type (NS) stochastic delay only for
the cars following the trail of the car ahead. The main difference in the delay
scenario between the new model and the NS model is that a car with spacing
ahead longer than the velocity limit $M$ may not be delayed in the new model.
By using a car-oriented mean field theory, we derive the fundamental diagrams
of the average speed as the function of car density analytically. Our
theoretical results are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148872 </DOCNO>
Superalgebra cohomology, the geometry of extended superspaces and


  We present here a cohomological analysis of the new spacetime superalgebras
that arise in the context of superbrane theory. They lead to enlarged
superspaces that allow us to write D-brane actions in terms of fields
associated with the additional superspace variables. This suggests that there
is an extended superspace/worldvolume fields democracy for superbranes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149931 </DOCNO>
From p-branes to fluxbranes and back


  In this note we study aspects of the interplay between fluxbranes and
p-branes. We describe how a fluxbrane can be physically realized as a limit of
a brane-antibrane configuration, in a manner similar to the way a uniform
electric field appears in between the plates of a capacitor. We also study the
evolution of a fluxbrane after nucleation of p-branes. We find that
Kaluza-Klein fluxbranes do relax by forming brane-antibrane pairs or spherical
branes, but we also find that for fluxtubes with dilaton coupling in a
different range, the field strength does not relax, instead it becomes stronger
after each nucleation bounce. We speculate on a possible runaway instability of
such fluxtubes an an eventual breakdown of their classical description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75130 </DOCNO>
Delocalization of the axial charge in the chiral limit


  The nucleon's axial vector charge, g_A, becomes delocalized in the chiral
limit. When m_\pi = 0, and SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R is exact, 1/3 of the nucleon's
axial charge is to be found at infinite distance from the nucleon. For finite
m_\pi this result is approached smoothly as m_\pi -> 0. We illustrate this
effect by considering the lepton-proton spin-spin interaction arising from Z^0
exchange as a function of m_\pi. Delocalization may have implications for
lattice calculations of g_A and in nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74181 </DOCNO>
Physical stability of the QED vacuum


  The possibility of electron-positron pair creation by an electric field is
studied by using only those methods in field theory the predictions of which
are confirmed experimentally. These methods include the perturbative method of
quantum electrodynamics and the bases of classical electrodynamics. Such an
approach includes the back reaction. It is found that the vacuum is always
stable, in the sense that pair creation, if occurs, cannot be interpreted as a
decay of the vacuum, but rather as a decay of the source of the electric field
or as a process similar to bremsstrahlung. It is also found that there is no
pair creation in a static electric field, because it is inconsistent with
energy conservation. The non-perturbative aspects arising from the Borel
summation of a divergent perturbative expansion are discussed. It is argued
that the conventional methods that predict pair creation in a classical
background electric field cannot serve even as approximations. The analogy with
the possibility of particle creation by a gravitational field is qualitatively
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6763 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Mean-Field Theory of Electron-Phonon Interactions in


  We use a recently developed formalism (combining an adiabatic expansion and
dynamical mean-field theory) to obtain expressions for isotope effects on
electronic properties in correlated systems. As an example we calculate the
isotope effect on electron effective mass for the Holstein model as a function
of electron-phonon interaction strength and doping. Our systematic expansion
generates diagrams neglected in previous studies, which turn out to give the
dominant contributions. The isotope effect is small unless the system is near a
lattice instability. We compare this to experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76130 </DOCNO>
Collective Deceleration of Ultrarelativistic Nuclei and Creation of


  We propose a unified space-time picture of baryon stopping and quark-gluon
plasma creation in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. It is assumed that
the highly Lorentz contracted nuclei are decelerated by the coherent color
field which is formed between them after they pass through each other. This
process continues until the field is neutralized by the Schwinger mechanism.
Conservation of energy and momentum allow us to calculate the energy losses of
the nuclear slabs and the initial energy density of the quark-gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74327 </DOCNO>
Analytic Quantization of the QCD String


  We perform an analytic semi-classical quantization of the straight QCD string
with one end fixed and a massless quark on the other, in the limits of orbital
and radial dominant motion. We compare our results to the exact numerical
semi-classical quantization. We observe that the numerical semi-classical
quantization agrees well with our exact numerical canonical quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6155 </DOCNO>
Curvature of Co-Links Uncovers Hidden Thematic Layers in the World Wide


  Beyond the information stored in pages of the World Wide Web, novel types of
``meta-information'' are created when they connect to each other. This
information is a collective effect of independent users writing and linking
pages, hidden from the casual user. Accessing it and understanding the
inter-relation of connectivity and content in the WWW is a challenging problem.
We demonstrate here how thematic relationships can be located precisely by
looking only at the graph of hyperlinks, gleaning content and context from the
Web without having to read what is in the pages. We begin by noting that
reciprocal links (co-links) between pages signal a mutual recognition of
authors, and then focus on triangles containing such links, since triangles
indicate a transitive relation. The importance of triangles is quantified by
the clustering coefficient (Watts) which we interpret as a curvature
(Gromov,Bridson-Haefliger). This defines a Web-landscape whose connected
regions of high curvature characterize a common topic. We show experimentally
that reciprocity and curvature, when combined, accurately capture this
meta-information for a wide variety of topics. As an example of future
directions we analyze the neural network of C. elegans (White, Wood), using the
same methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124521 </DOCNO>
Face-on SS433 stars as a possible new type of extragalactic X-ray


  The SS433 objects is a well-known source of relativistic jets, which are
formed in supercritical accretion disk. It is very probable that the disk has
polar channels and their radiation is collimated (the photocones). The face-on
SS433 object can appear as beamed ultra-bright (and highly variable) X-ray
source, L_x = 10^39 - 10^42 erg/s. We discuss properties of these hypothetical
objects and their frequency expected in galaxies. We describe a search for such
objects using the ROSAT ASS Bright Source Catalog and Faint Source Catalog
(99528 point-like sources) and the RC3 catalog (16741 spiral and irregular
galaxies). Among in total 418 positive correlations in all types of galaxies we
find that in S and Irr galaxies 142 sources are unknown as AGNs. We isolated by
visual inspection 37 clear non-nuclear, 43 probably non-nuclear and 35 probably
nuclear sources. The last two classes certainly contain many unknown AGNs. The
sources of the 1-st class have X-ray luminosities mainly 10^39 - 3 10^41 erg/s.
Their observed frequency is about 4% - 5% per S/Irr galaxy, what is in
agreement with expected frequency of face-on SS433 stars. The only way to
recognize such stars is their expected violent variability in X-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81157 </DOCNO>
Effects of non-perturbatively improved dynamical fermions in QCD at


  We present results for the static inter-quark potential, lightest glueballs,
light hadron spectrum and topological susceptibility using a non-perturbatively
improved action on a $16^3\times 32$ lattice at a set of values of the bare
gauge coupling and bare dynamical quark mass chosen to keep the lattice size
fixed in physical units ($\sim 1.7$ fm). By comparing these measurements with a
matched quenched ensemble, we study the effects due to two degenerate flavours
of dynamical quarks. With the greater control over residual lattice spacing
effects which these methods afford, we find some evidence of charge screening
and some minor effects on the light hadron spectrum over the range of quark
masses studied ($M_{PS}/M_{V}\ge0.58$). More substantial differences between
quenched and unquenched simulations are observed in measurements of topological
quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96576 </DOCNO>
A note on the integral representation of functionals in the space SBD(O)


  In this paper we study the integral representation in the space SBD(O) of
special functions with bounded deformation of some L^1-norm lower
semicontinuous functionals invariant with respect to rigid motions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87183 </DOCNO>
How the Geometric Calculus Resolves the Ordering Ambiguity of Quantum


  The old problem concerning the ordering ambiguity in the definition of the
Hamilton operator for a point particle in curved space is naturally resolved by
using the powerful geometric calculus based on Clifford Algebra. The momentum
operator is defined to be the vector derivative (the gradient) multiplied by
$-i$; it can be expanded in terms of basis vectors $\gamma_\mu$ as $p = -i
\gamma^\mu \p_\mu$. The product of two such operators is unambiguous, and such
is the Hamiltonian which is just the D'Alambert operator in curved space; the
curvature term is not present in the Hamiltonian. It is also shown that $p$ is
a Hermitian operator: the presence of the basis vectors $\gamma^\mu$
compensates the presence of $\sqrt{|g|}$ in the scalar product. The expectation
value of such operator follows the classical geodetic line. Matrix elements of
the momentum vector operator are also considered, and their product leads to
the product of covariant differential operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149216 </DOCNO>
Non-abelian plane waves and stochastic regimes for (2+1)-dimensional


  An exact time-dependent solution of field equations for the 3-d gauge field
model with a Chern-Simons (CS) topological mass is found. Limiting cases of
constant solution and solution with vanishing topological mass are considered.
After Lorentz boost, the found solution describes a massive nonlinear
non-abelian plane wave. For the more complicate case of gauge fields with CS
mass interacting with a Higgs field, the stochastic character of motion is
demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76961 </DOCNO>
Azimuthal anisotropy of jet quenching at LHC


  We analyze the azimuthal anisotropy of jet spectra due to energy loss of hard
partons in quark-gluon plasma, created initially in nuclear overlap zone in
collisions with non-zero impact parameter. The calculations are performed for
semi-central Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4713 </DOCNO>
Effect of inelastic scattering on parametric pumping


  Pumping of charge in phase-coherent mesoscopic systems due to the
out-of-phase modulation of two parameters has recently found considerable
interest. We investigate the effect of inelastic processes on the adiabatically
pumped current through a two terminal mesoscopic sample. We find that the loss
of coherence does not suppress the pumped charge but rather an additional
physical mechanism for an incoherent pump effect comes into play. In a fully
phase incoherent system the pump effect is similar to a rectification effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85743 </DOCNO>
Note on Scalar Fields Non-Minimally Coupled to (2+1)-Gravity


  Scalar fields non--minimally coupled to (2+1)-gravity, in the presence of
cosmological constant term, are considered. Non-minimal couplings are described
by the term $\zeta R \Psi^2$ in the Lagrangian. Within a class of static
circularly symmetric space-times, it is shown that the only existing physically
relevant solutions are the anti-de Sitter space-time for $\zeta=0$, and the
Martinez-Zanelli black hole for $\zeta=1/8$. We obtain also two new solutions
with non-trivial scalar field, for $\zeta=1/6$ and $\zeta=1/8$ respectively,
nevertheless, the corresponding space-times can be reduced, via coordinate
transformations, to the standard anti-de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86901 </DOCNO>
Adjusted ADM systems and their expected stability properties: constraint


  In order to find a way to have a better formulation for numerical evolution
of the Einstein equations, we study the propagation equations of the
constraints based on the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner formulation. By adjusting
constraint terms in the evolution equations, we try to construct an
"asymptotically constrained system" which is expected to be robust against
violation of the constraints, and to enable a long-term stable and accurate
numerical simulation. We first provide useful expressions for analyzing
constraint propagation in a general spacetime, then apply it to Schwarzschild
spacetime. We search when and where the negative real or non-zero imaginary
eigenvalues of the homogenized constraint propagation matrix appear, and how
they depend on the choice of coordinate system and adjustments. Our analysis
includes the proposal of Detweiler (1987), which is still the best one
according to our conjecture but has a growing mode of error near the horizon.
Some examples are snapshots of a maximally sliced Schwarzschild black hole. The
predictions here may help the community to make further improvements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7240 </DOCNO>
Linear Superposition in Nonlinear Equations


  Even though the KdV and modified KdV equations are nonlinear, we show that
suitable linear combinations of known periodic solutions involving Jacobi
elliptic functions yield a large class of additional solutions. This procedure
works by virtue of some remarkable new identities satisfied by the elliptic
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124948 </DOCNO>
Age Estimation of Extragalactic Globular Cluster Systems Using H beta


  After taking into account, for the first time, the detailed systematic
variation of horizontal-branch (HB) morphology with age and metallicity, our
population synthesis models show that the integrated H beta index is
significantly affected by the presence of blue HB stars. Our models indicate
that the strength of the H beta index increases as much as 0.75 A due to blue
HB stars. According to our models, a systematic difference between the globular
cluster system in the Milky Way Galaxy and that in NGC 1399 in the H beta vs.
Mg2 diagram is understood if globular cluster systems in giant elliptical
galaxies are couple of billion years older, in the mean, than the Galactic
counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83578 </DOCNO>
An Effective Fixpoint Semantics for Linear Logic Programs


  In this paper we investigate the theoretical foundation of a new bottom-up
semantics for linear logic programs, and more precisely for the fragment of
LinLog that consists of the language LO enriched with the constant 1. We use
constraints to symbolically and finitely represent possibly infinite
collections of provable goals. We define a fixpoint semantics based on a new
operator in the style of Tp working over constraints. An application of the
fixpoint operator can be computed algorithmically. As sufficient conditions for
termination, we show that the fixpoint computation is guaranteed to converge
for propositional LO. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to define an
effective fixpoint semantics for linear logic programs. As an application of
our framework, we also present a formal investigation of the relations between
LO and Disjunctive Logic Programming. Using an approach based on abstract
interpretation, we show that DLP fixpoint semantics can be viewed as an
abstraction of our semantics for LO. We prove that the resulting abstraction is
correct and complete for an interesting class of LO programs encoding Petri
Nets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128405 </DOCNO>
Pulsars in FIRST Observations


  We identified 16 pulsars from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm
(FIRST) at 1.4 GHz. Their positions and total flux densities are extracted from
the FIRST catalog. Comparing the source positions with those in the PSRcatalog,
we obtained better determined positions of PSRs J1022+1001, J1518+4904,
J1652+2651, and proper motion upper limits of another three pulsars PSRs
J0751+1807, J1012+5307, J1640+2224. Proper motions of the other 10 pulsars are
consistent with the values in the catalog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83754 </DOCNO>
An interactive semantics of logic programming


  We apply to logic programming some recently emerging ideas from the field of
reduction-based communicating systems, with the aim of giving evidence of the
hidden interactions and the coordination mechanisms that rule the operational
machinery of such a programming paradigm. The semantic framework we have chosen
for presenting our results is tile logic, which has the advantage of allowing a
uniform treatment of goals and observations and of applying abstract
categorical tools for proving the results. As main contributions, we mention
the finitary presentation of abstract unification, and a concurrent and
coordinated abstract semantics consistent with the most common semantics of
logic programming. Moreover, the compositionality of the tile semantics is
guaranteed by standard results, as it reduces to check that the tile systems
associated to logic programs enjoy the tile decomposition property. An
extension of the approach for handling constraint systems is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3193 </DOCNO>
Simulation of a semiflexible polymer in a narrow cylindrical pore


  The probability that a randomly accelerated particle in two dimensions has
not yet left a simply connected domain ${\cal A}$ after a time $t$ decays as
$e^{-E_0t}$ for long times. The same quantity $E_0$ also determines the
confinement free energy per unit length $\Delta f=k_BT\thinspace E_0$ of a
semiflexible polymer in a narrow cylindrical pore with cross section ${\cal
A}$. From simulations of a randomly accelerated particle we estimate the
universal amplitude of $\Delta f$ for both circular and rectangular cross
sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125472 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray burst: probe of a black hole


  There is strong evidence for the existence of black holes(BHs) in some X-ray
binaries and most galatic nuclei, based on different measuremental approaches,
but black holes aren't finally identified for the lack of very firm
observational evidence up to now. Because the direct evidence for BHs should
come from determination of strong gravitational redshift, we hope an object can
fall into the region near the BH horizon where radiation can be detected.
Therefore the object must be compact stars as neutron stars(NSs), then the
intense astrophysical processes will release very high energy radiation which
is transient, fast-variant. These phenomena may point to gamma-ray bursts(GRBs)
observed. And recent observations of iron lines suggest that afterglows of GRBs
show the similar property in active galatic nuclei(AGNs), implying GRBs may
originate from intense events related to black holes. In this letter, a model
for GRBs and afterglows is proposed to obtain the range of gravitational
redshifts($z_g$) of GRBs with known cosmological redshifts. Hence, we provide a
new method that with a search for high-energy emission lines(X- or
$\gamma$-rays) in GRBs, one can determine the gravitational redshift. We expect
$z_g>0.5$ or even larger, so that we can rule out the possibility of other
compact objects such as NSs, suggesting that the central progenitors of GRBs
should be black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168818 </DOCNO>
Bell inequalities and Entanglement


  We discuss general Bell inequalities for bipartite and multipartite systems,
emphasizing the connection with convex geometry on the mathematical side, and
the communication aspects on the physical side. Known results on families of
generalized Bell inequalities are summarized. We investigate maximal violations
of Bell inequalities as well as states not violating (certain) Bell
inequalities. Finally, we discuss the relation between Bell inequality
violations and entanglement properties currently discussed in quantum
information theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129560 </DOCNO>
On the Solar Neutrino Problems, SNO experimental data and low-energy


  The Solar Neutrino Problems (SNP's) are analysed within the Standard Solar
Model (BP2000) supplemented by the reduction of the solar neutrino fluxes
through the decrease of the solar core temperature. The former can be realized
through the enhancement of the astrophysical factor for solar proton burning.
The enhancement, the upper bound of which is restricted by the
helioseismological data, goes dynamically due to low-energy nuclear forces
described at the quantum field theoretic level. The agreement of the reduced
solar neutrino fluxes with the experimental data is obtained within the
scenario of vacuum two-flavour neutrino oscillations. We show that by fitting
the mean value of the solar neutrino flux measured by HOMESTAKE Collaboration
we predict the high energy solar neutrino flux measured by SNO Collaboration
Phi(SNO(Boron))_th = 1.84 X 10^6 cm^(-2) s^(-1) in good agreement with the
experimental value Phi(SNO(Boron))_exp = 1.75(0.14) X 10^6 cm^(-2) s^(-1)
obtained via the measurement of the rate of reaction nu_e + D -> p + p +
electron produced by boron solar neutrinos. The theoretical flux for low-energy
neutrino flux measured by GALLIUM (GALLEX, GNO and SAGE) Collaborations
S(Ga)_th = 65 SNU agrees with the experimental data averaged over experiments
S(Ga)_exp = 75.6(4.8) SNU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179158 </DOCNO>
Cluster Emission and Phase Transition Behavior in the Nuclear


  The features of the emissions of light particles ($LP$), charged particles
($CP$), intermediate mass fragments ($IMF$) and the largest fragment ($MAX$)
are investigated for $^{129}Xe$ as functions of temperature and "freeze-out"
density in the frameworks of isospin dependent lattice gas model and classical
molecular dynamics model. Definite turning points for the slopes of average
multiplicity of $LP$, CP and $IMF$, and of the mean mass of the largest
fragment ($A_{max}$) are shown around a liquid gas phase transition temperature
and while the largest variances of the distributions of $LP$, $CP$, $IMF$, and
$MAX$ appear there. It indicates that the cluster emission rate can be taken as
a probe of nuclear liquid gas phase transition and while the largest
fluctuation is simultaneously accompanied at the point of the phase transition
within lattice gas model and molecular dynamics model as the traditional
thermodynamical theory requires when a phase transition occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1949 </DOCNO>
Frustration-Induced Two Dimensional Quantum Disordered Phase in


  Piperazinium Hexachlorodicuprate (PHCC) is shown to be a frustrated
quasi-two-dimensional quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a gapped
spectrum. Zero-field inelastic neutron scattering and susceptibility and
specific heat measurements as a function of applied magnetic field are
presented. At T = 1.5 K, the magnetic excitation spectrum is dominated by a
single propagating mode with a gap, Delta = 1 meV, and bandwidth of
approximately 1.8 meV in the (h0l) plane. The mode has no dispersion along the
b* direction indicating that neighboring a-c planes of the triclinic structure
are magnetically decoupled. The heat capacity shows a reduction of the gap as a
function of applied magnetic field in agreement with a singlet-triplet
excitation spectrum. A field-induced ordered phase is observed in heat capacity
and magnetic susceptibility measurements for magnetic fields greater than H_c1
approximately equal to 7.5 Tesla. Analysis of the neutron scattering data
reveals the important exchange interactions and indicates that some of these
are highly frustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73633 </DOCNO>
Skewed quark distribution of the pion in the light-front quark model


  We calculate the skewed quark distributions(SQDs) of the pion in the
light-front quark model, and discuss the calculation of the nonvalence
contribution to the SQDs in this model. The frame-independence of our model
calculation is guaranteed by the constraint of the sum rule between the SQDs
and form factor. Our numerical results show large nonvalence contributions to
the SQDs at small momentum transfer region as the skewedness increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129603 </DOCNO>
The stellar content of the Galaxy: the white dwarf population


  On the basis of theoretical evolutionary expectations, we develop a Galactic
model reproducing star counts and synthetic color-magnitude diagrams of field
stars, which include the white dwarf (WD) population. In this way we are able
to evaluate the expected occurrence of WDs in deep observations at the various
photometric bands and Galactic coordinates, discussing the contribution of the
WDs of the various Galactic components. The effects on the theoretical
predictions of different WD evolutionary models, ages, initial mass functions
and relations between progenitor mass and WD mass are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168946 </DOCNO>
Global entanglement in multiparticle systems


  We define a polynomial measure of multiparticle entanglement which is
scalable, i.e., which applies to any number of spin-1/2 particles. By
evaluating it for three particle states, for eigenstates of the one dimensional
Heisenberg antiferromagnet and on quantum error correcting code subspaces, we
illustrate the extent to which it quantifies global entanglement. We also apply
it to track the evolution of entanglement during a quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98190 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-Hermiticity versus PT-Symmetry II: A complete characterizatio n


  We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the reality of the spectrum
of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian admitting a complete set of biorthonormal
eigenvectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7581 </DOCNO>
Superconducting transition temperatures and coherence length in non


  Following earlier work on electron or hole liquids flowing through assemblies
with magnetic fluctuations, we have recently exposed a marked correlation of
the superconducting temperature Tc, for non s-wave pairing materials, with
coherence length xi and effective mass m*. The very recent study of Abanov et
al. [Europhys. Lett. 54, 488 (2001)] and the prior investigation of Monthoux
and Lonzarich [Phys. Rev. B 59, 14598 (1999)] have each focussed on the concept
of a spin-fluctuation temperature T_sf, which again is intimately related to
Tc. For the d-wave pairing via antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in the
cuprates, these studies are brought into close contact with our own work, and
the result is that k_B T_sf ~ hbar^2 / m* xi^2. This demonstrates that xi is
also determined by such antiferromagnetic spin-fluctuation mediated pair
interaction. The coherence length in units of the lattice spacing is then
essentially given in the cuprates as the square root of the ratio of two
characteristic energies, namely: the kinetic energy of localization of a charge
carrier of mass m* in a specified magnetic correlation length to the hopping
energy. The quasi-2D ruthenate Sr_2RuO_4, with Tc ~ 1.3 K, has p-wave
spin-triplet pairing and so is also briefly discussed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41420 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Branching Ratio for the Process b -> tau nu X


  The inclusive branching ratio for the process b -> tau nu X has been measured
using hadronic Z decays collected by the OPAL experiment at LEP in the years
1992-2000. The result is:
  BR(b -> tau nu X) = (2.78 +/- 0.18 +/- 0.51)% This measurement is consistent
with the Standard Model expectation and puts a constraint of tan(beta) /
M(H+/-) < 0.53 GeV-1 at the 95% confidence level on Type II Two Higgs Doublet
Models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41165 </DOCNO>
ALICE, the heavy ion experiment at LHC


  ALICE, A Large Ion Collider Experiment, is the future Large Hadron Collider
(LHC) experiment at CERN devoted to the physics of Quantum
Chromo-thermo-dynamics. Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions (HIC) at LHC aim at
the production of a plasma of quarks and gluons (QGP). This plasma is expected
to be much hotter, bigger and longer than in previous HIC experiments at lower
center-of-mass energies. In the ALICE experiment, the ephemeral QGP created
during the first stages of the HIC will be studied by the concomitant detection
of most of the probes of high temperature strongly interacting matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149628 </DOCNO>
Off-Diagonal Metrics and Anisotropic Brane Inflation


  We study anisotropic reheating (entropy production) on 3D brane from a
decaying bulk scalar field in the brane-world picture of the Universe by
considering off-diagonal metrics and anholonomic frames. We show that a
significant amount of, in general, anisotropic dark radiation is produced in
this process unless only the modes which satisfy a specific relation are
excited. We conclude that subsequent entropy production within the brane is
required in general before primordial nucleosynthesis and that the presence of
off-diagonal components (like in the Salam, Strathee and Petracci works) of the
bulk metric modifies the processes of entropy production which could
substantially change the brane-world picture of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4048 </DOCNO>
Non-Ergodic Behaviour of the k-Body Embedded Gaussian Random Ensembles


  We investigate the shape of the spectrum and the spectral fluctuations of the
$k$-body Embedded Gaussian Ensemble for Bosons in the dense limit, where the
number of Bosons $m \to \infty$ while both $k$, the rank of the interaction,
and $l$, the number of single-particle states, are kept fixed. We show that the
relative fluctuations of the low spectral moments do not vanish in this limit,
proving that the ensemble is non-ergodic. Numerical simulations yield spectra
which display a strong tendency towards picket-fence type. The wave functions
also deviate from canonical random-matrix behaviour

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73700 </DOCNO>
Probing QCD-instanton induced effects in deep inelastic scattering at


  After a brief introduction into the phenomenology of instantons, results from
instanton perturbation theory applied to deep-inelastic electron proton
scattering are summarized. Based on event signatures derived from Monte Carlo
studies, strategies for enhancing instanton induced events relative to Standard
Model deep-inelastic events are developed. Preliminary results for a search for
such events performed with the H1 detector at HERA are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95783 </DOCNO>
Random walks with badly approximable numbers


  Using the discrepancy metric, we analyze the rate of convergence of a random
walk on the circle generated by d rotations, and establish sharp rates that
show that badly approximable d-tuples in R^d give rise to walks with the
fastest convergence. We use the discrepancy metric because the walk does not
converge in total variation. For badly approximable d-tuples, the discrepancy
is bounded above and below by (constant)k^(-d/2), where k is the number of
steps in the random walk. We show how the constants depend on the d-tuple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126367 </DOCNO>
A Search for Supernova-Remnant Masers Toward Unidentified EGRET Sources


  Supernova remnants expanding into adjacent molecular clouds are believed to
be sites of cosmic ray acceleration and sources of energetic gamma-rays. Under
certain environmental conditions, such interactions also give rise to unusual
OH masers in which the 1720 MHz satellite line dominates over the more common
1665/7 MHz emission. Motivated by the apparent coincidence of a handful of
EGRET sources with OH(1720 MHz) maser-producing supernova remnants, we have
carried out a search using the Very Large Array for new OH(1720 MHz) masers
within the error regions of 11 unidentified EGRET sources at low Galactic
latitude. While a previously known maser associated with an HII region was
serendipitously detected, initial results indicate that no new masers were
found down to a limiting flux of, typically, 50 mJy. We discuss the
implications of this result on the nature of the unidentified Galactic EGRET
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3289 </DOCNO>
Modulated replica symmetry breaking schemes for antiferromagnetic spin


  We define modulated replica symmetry breaking (RSB)-schemes which combine
tree- and wave-like structures. A modulated scheme and unmodulated RSB are
applied at 1-step level to a semiconductor model with antiferromagnetic
Korenblit-Shender interaction. By comparison of the free energies we find
evidence that a T=0 phase transition in the ferrimagnetic phase leads to a
transition between the different RSB-schemes. An embedding factor of Parisi
block matrices with sublattice-asymmetrical size is employed as a new
variational parameter in the modulated scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148410 </DOCNO>
The d=6 trace anomaly from quantum field theory four-loop graphs in one


  We calculate the integrated trace anomaly for a real spin-0 scalar field in
six dimensions in a torsionless curved space without a boundary. We use a path
integral approach for a corresponding supersymmetric quantum mechanical model.
Weyl ordering the corresponding Hamiltonian in phase space, an extra two-loop
counterterm ${1/8}\bigg(R + g^{ij} \Gamma^{l}_{k i} \Gamma^{k}_{l j} \bigg)$ is
produced in the action. Applying a recursive method we evaluate the components
of the metric tensor in Riemann normal coordinates in six dimensions and
construct the interaction Langrangian density by employing the background field
method.
  The calculation of the anomaly is based on the end-point scalar propagator
and not on the string inspired center-of-mass propagator which gives incorrect
results for the local trace anomaly. The manipulation of the Feynman diagrams
is partly relied on the factorization of four dimensional subdiagrams and
partly on a brute force computer algebra program developed to serve this
specific purpose. The computer program enables one to perform index
contractions of twelve quantum fields (10395 in the present case) a task which
cannot be accomplished otherwise. We observe that the contribution of the
disconnected diagrams is no longer proportional to the two dimensional trace
anomaly (which vanishes in four dimensions). The integrated trace anomaly is
finally expressed in terms of the 17 linearly independent scalar monomials
constructed out of covariant derivatives and Riemann tensors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86363 </DOCNO>
Effective Energy-Momentum Tensor and Classical Magnetic Charge in


  We consider a version of Kaluza-Klein theory where the cylinder condition is
not imposed. We replace this condition with the requirement that physics in
four-dimensional spacetime should remain invariant under changes of coordinates
in the five-dimensional bulk. This invariance does not eliminate physical
effects from the extra dimension but separates them from spurious geometrical
ones. We allow the metric and other quantities in the theory to have explicit
dependence of the extra variable. We use the appropriate splitting technique to
construct the most general induced energy-momentum tensor, compatible with the
required invariance. It generalizes all previous results in the literature.
There are two four-vectors, $J^{\mu}_{m}$ and $J^{\mu}_{e}$, that separately
satisfy the usual equation of continuity in 4D. These vectors appear as
source-terms in equations that closely resemble the ones of electromagnetism.
These are Maxwell-like equations for an antisymmetric tensor $\hat{F}_{\mu\nu}$
that generalizes the usual electromagnetic one. This generalization is not an
assumption, but follows naturally from the theory. Thus, if $\hat{F}_{\mu\nu}$
can be identified with the electromagnetic tensor, then the theory predicts the
existence of classical magnetic charge and current. The splitting formalism
used allows us to construct 4D physical quantities from five-dimensional ones,
in a way that is independent on how we choose our spacetime coordinates from
those of the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169304 </DOCNO>
Using Electrons on Liquid Helium for Quantum Computing


  We describe a quantum computer based on electrons supported by a helium film
and localized laterally by small electrodes just under the helium surface. Each
qubit is made of combinations of the ground and first excited state of an
electron trapped in the image potential well at the surface. Mechanisms for
preparing the initial state of the qubit, operations with the qubits, and a
proposed readout are described. This system is, in principle, capable of
100,000 operations in a decoherence time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 699 </DOCNO>
Tunable tunneling: An application of stationary states of Bose-Einstein


  The fundamental question of how Bose-Einstein condensates tunnel into a
barrier is addressed. The cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a finite
square well potential, which models a Bose-Einstein condensate in a
quasi-one-dimensional trap of finite depth, is solved for the complete set of
localized and partially localized stationary states, which the former evolve
into when the nonlinearity is increased. An immediate application of these
different solution types is tunable tunneling. Magnetically tunable Feshbach
resonances can change the scattering length of certain Bose-condensed atoms,
such as $^{85}$Rb, by several orders of magnitude, including the sign, and
thereby also change the mean field nonlinearity term of the equation and the
tunneling of the wavefunction. We find both linear-type localized solutions and
uniquely nonlinear partially localized solutions where the tails of the
wavefunction become nonzero at infinity when the nonlinearity increases. The
tunneling of the wavefunction into the non-classical regime and thus its
localization therefore becomes an external experimentally controllable
parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74993 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Chiral symmetry and the intrinsic structure of the nucleon"-


  Some remarks are presented on a recent paper (Leinweber,Thomas and Young,
Phys.Rev.Lett. 86, 5011, 2001). In particular a statement of the above paper on
the fact that the ratio between the magnetic moments of proton and neutron
should remain constant at -3/2, independent of the change of the quark mass is
discussed on the basis of the general parameterization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179481 </DOCNO>
Construction of Consistent Meson Exchange Currents by Laplace Transform


  We propose a new method for the construction of a consistent meson exchange
current in $r$-space for the spin-isospin dependent central and tensor part of
phenomenological nucleon-nucleon potentials by using a Laplace transformation,
which allows the representation by a finite number of Yukawa functions. This
method is applied to the Paris and the recent Argonne $V_{18}$ potentials.
Results are presented for electrodisintegration of the deuteron near threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124132 </DOCNO>
A speckle interferometry survey of lambda Bootis stars


  A search for duplicity of lambda Bootis stars has been made by using the
speckle camera installed at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. The operation
mode and the reduction procedure allow one to obtain not only the separation,
but also the magnitude difference between the components; the latter parameter
is fundamental for determining the degree of contamination from the secondary
component of a binary system and thus the importance of the veiling effect that
produces absorption lines weaker than normal. Two stars, HD 38545 and HD
290492, are close binaries with values of the separation and of the magnitude
difference such that only a composite spectrum can be observed. For another 15
lambda Bootis candidates, observed with negative results, the upper limits of a
possible companion separation are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5344 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism of magnetic semiconductors---Zhang-Rice limit


  It is suggested that p-d hybridization contributes significantly to the hole
binding energy E_b of Mn acceptors in III-V compounds, leading in an extreme
case to the formation of Zhang-Rice-like small magnetic polarons. The model
explains both strong increase of E_b and evolution of Mn spin-resonance
spectrum with the magnitude of valence-band offsets. For such a structure of Mn
impurity in III-V materials, possible models accounting for the recently
determined Curie temperature of about 940 K in a compensated Ga(0.91)Mn(0.09)N
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86224 </DOCNO>
Curved dilatonic brane worlds


  We construct a broad family of exact solutions to the five-dimensional
Einstein equations coupled to a scalar field with an exponential potential.
Embedding a three-brane in these bulk space-times in a particular way we obtain
a class of self-tuned curved brane worlds in which the vacuum energy on the
brane is gravitationally idle, the four-dimensional geometry being insensitive
to the value of the brane tension. This self-tuning arises from cancellations,
enforced by the junction conditions, between the scalar field potential, the
brane vacuum energy and the matter on the brane. Finally, we study some
physically relevant examples and their dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169166 </DOCNO>
A quantum measurement of the spin direction


  We give a first physical model for the quantum measurement of the spin
direction. It is an Arthurs-Kelly model that involves a kind of magnetic-dipole
interaction of the spin with three modes of radiation. We show that in a limit
of infinite squeezing of radiation the optimal POVM for the measurement of the
spin direction is achieved for spin 1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86661 </DOCNO>
Non-radial null geodesics in spherical dust collapse


  The issue of the local visibility of the shell-focussing singularity in
marginally bound spherical dust collapse is considered from the point of view
of the existence of future-directed null geodesics with angular momentum which
emanate from the singularity. The initial data (i.e. the initial density
profile) at the onset of collapse is taken to be of class $C^3$. Simple
necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a naked singularity
are derived in terms of the data. It is shown that there exist future-directed
non-radial null geodesics emanating from the singularity if and only if there
exist future-directed radial null geodesics emanating from the singularity.
This result can be interpreted as indicating the robustness of previous results
on radial geodesics, with respect to the presence of angular momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 629 </DOCNO>
Phase Diagram of a Two-Dimensional Neutral Classical Coulomb Gas from a


  Within the sine-Gordon formalism of a two-dimensional neutral classical
Coulomb gas, a convergent expansion with non-perturbative nature is performed
to calculate the thermodynamic potential and construct the phase diagram. It is
shown that truncation at the first order yields the Gaussian approximation. The
second- and third-order corrections are analyzed for the case of small fugacity
and are shown that they substantially improve the Gaussian-approximation phase
diagram. In particular, these corrections introduce a new conducting phase and
make the insulator-conductor coexistence phase end at the conducting phase. The
latter result is in agreement with the prediction made by generalized
renormalization-group calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124237 </DOCNO>
Results of a LMXB survey: variation in the height of the neutron star


  We present results of a survey of the spectra of Low Mass X-ray Binaries
using ASCA. It is shown that all sources in the survey are well-fitted by the
same two-component emission model that we have previously shown is able to
describe both the non-dip and dip spectra of the dipping class of LMXB. This
model consists of point-like blackbody emission from the neutron star plus
Comptonized emission from a disk-like accretion disk corona of radius typically
50,000 km. Additional data from results published elsewhere by us from BeppoSAX
and ASCA are added to the survey. The large variation in blackbody luminosity
of survey sources is shown to be due primarily to major changes in blackbody
emitting area. Fitting a multi-temperature disk blackbody plus Comptonization
model to the survey spectra requires values of inner disk radius substantially
less than the neutron star radius in many cases, making disk origin of the
blackbody highly unlikely. Assuming that the emission is from an equatorial
strip on the neutron star, it is shown that the half-height of the strip h
agrees well with the half-height H of the radiatively-supported inner accretion
disk, this agreement spanning three orders of magnitude in each parameter.
Possible mechanisms for the agreement are discussed, including radial accretion
flow between inner disk and star, and accretion flow ``creep' on the surface of
the neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96425 </DOCNO>
A note on universality of the distribution of the largest eigenvalues in


  Recently Johansson and Johnstone proved that the distribution of the
(properly rescaled) largest principal component of the complex (real) Wishart
matrix $ X^* \* X (X^t \*X) $ converges to the Tracy-Widom law as $ n, p $ (the
dimensions of $ X $) tend to $ \infty $ in some ratio $ n/p \to \gamma>0. $ We
extend these results in two directions. First of all, we prove that the joint
distribution of the first, second, third, etc. eigenvalues of a Wishart matrix
converges (after a proper rescaling) to the Tracy-Widom distribution. Second of
all, we explain how the combinatorial machinery developed for Wigner matrices
allows to extend the results by Johansson and Johnstone to the case of $ X $
with non-Gaussian entries, provided $ n-p =O(p^{1/3}) . $ We also prove that $
\lambda_{max} \leq (n^{1/2}+p^{1/2})^2 +O(p^{1/2}\*\log(p)) $ (a.e.) for
general $ \gamma >0.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128504 </DOCNO>
Hubble Space Telescope imaging of a peculiar stellar complex in NGC 6946


  The stellar populations in a stellar complex in NGC 6946 are analyzed on
images taken with the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space
Telescope. The complex is peculiar by its very high density of stars and
clusters and semicircular shape. Its physical dimensions are about the same as
for the local Gould Belt, but the stellar density is 1 - 2 orders of magnitude
higher. In addition to an extremely luminous, 15 Myr old cluster discussed in
an earlier paper, accounting for about 17% of the integrated V-band light, we
identify 18 stellar clusters within the complex with luminosities similar to
the brightest open clusters in the Milky Way. The color-magnitude diagram of
individual stars in the complex shows a paucity of red supergiants compared to
model predictions in the 10-20 Myr age range for a uniform star formation rate.
We thus find tentative evidence for a gap in the dispersed star formation
history, with a concentration of star formation into a young globular cluster
during this gap. Confirmation of this result must, however, await a better
understanding of the late evolution of stars in the corresponding mass range (>
12 Msun). A reddening map based on individual reddenings for 373 early-type
stars is presented, showing significant variations in the absorption across the
complex. These may be responsible for some of the arc-like structures
previously identified on ground-based images. We finally discuss various
formation scenarios for the complex and the star clusters within it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148372 </DOCNO>
On Critical Phenomena in a Noncommutative Space


  In this paper we demonstrate that coordinate noncommutativity at short
distances can show up in critical phenomena through UV-IR mixing. In the
symmetric phase of the Landau-Ginsburg model, noncommutativity is shown to give
rise to a non-zero anomalous dimension at one loop, and to cause instability
towards a new phase at large noncommutativity. In particular, in less than four
dimensions, the one-loop critical exponent $\eta$ is non-vanishing at the
Wilson-Fisher fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6057 </DOCNO>
Results on the symmetries of integrable fermionic models on chains


  We investigate integrable fermionic models within the scheme of the graded
Quantum Inverse Scattering Method, and prove that any symmetry imposed on the
solution of the Yang-Baxter Equation reflects on the constants of motion of the
model; generalizations with respect to known results are discussed. This
theorem is shown to be very effective when combined with the Polynomial
$\Rc$-matrix Technique (PRT): we apply both of them to the study of the
extended Hubbard models, for which we find all the subcases enjoying several
kinds of (super)symmetries. In particular, we derive a geometrical construction
expressing any $gl(2,1)$-invariant model as a linear combination of EKS and
U-supersymmetric models. Furtherly, we use the PRT to obtain 32 integrable
$so(4)$-invariant models. By joint use of the Sutherland's Species technique
and $\eta$-pairs construction we propose a general method to derive their
physical features, and we provide some explicit results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126722 </DOCNO>
A comparison of DA white dwarf temperatures and gravities from Lyman and


  We present measurements of the effective temperatures and surface gravities
for a sample of hot DA white dwarfs, using the Lyman line data available from
the HUT, ORFEUS and FUSE far-UV space missions. Comparing the results with
those from the standard Balmer line technique, we find that there is a general
good overall agreement between the two methods. However, significant
differences are found for a number of stars, but not always of a consistent
nature in that sometimes the Balmer temperature exceeds that derived from the
Lyman lines and in other instances is lower. We conclude that, with the latest
model atmosphere calculations, these discrepancies probably do not arise from
an inadequate theoretical treatment of the Lyman lines but rather from
systematic effects in the observation and data reduction processes, which
dominate the statistical errors in these spectra. If these systematic data
reduction effects can be adequately controlled, the Lyman line temperature and
gravity measurements are consistent with those obtained from the Balmer lines
when allowance is made for reasonable observational uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1456 </DOCNO>
Kondo resonant spectra in coupled quantum dots


  The Kondo effect in coupled quantum dots is investigated from the viewpoint
of transmission spectroscopy using the slave-boson formalism of the Anderson
model. The antiferromagnetic spin-spin coupling $J$ between the dots is taken
into account. Conductance $G$ through the dots connected in a series is
characterized by the competition between the dot-dot tunneling coupling $V_{C}$
and the level broadening $\Delta$ in the dots (dot-lead coupling). When
$V_{C}/\Delta < 1$, the Kondo resonance is formed between each dot and lead,
which is replaced by a spin-singlet state in the dots at low gate voltages. The
gate voltage dependence of $G$ has a sharp peak of $2 e^2/h$ in height in the
crossover region between the Kondo and spin-singlet states. The sharp peak of
$G$ survives when the energy levels are different between the dots. When $V_{C}
/ \Delta > 1$, the "molecular levels" between the Kondo resonant states appear;
the Kondo resonant peaks are located below and above the Fermi level in the
leads at low gate voltages. The gate voltage dependence of $G$ has a broad
peak, which is robust against $J$. The broad peak splits into two peaks when
the energy levels are different, reflecting the formation of the asymmetric
molecular levels between the Kondo resonant states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4115 </DOCNO>
Bulk Band Gaps in Divalent Hexaborides


  Angle-resolved photoemission of the global band structure of divalent
hexaborides reveals a >1 eV X-point gap between the valence and conduction
bands, in contradiction to the band overlap assumed in several models of their
novel ferromagnetism. Complementary bulk-sensitive soft x-ray absorption and
emission measurements at the boron K-edge confirm a bulk band gap. The Fermi
energy is typically located near the bottom of the conduction band, implying
the presence of boron vacancy defects as the origin of the excess electrons and
perhaps also the magnetic moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4931 </DOCNO>
Theories of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect


  This is an introduction to the microscopic theories of the FQHE. After a
brief description of experiments, trial wavefunctions and the physics they
contain are discussed. This is followed by a description of the hamiltonian
approach, wherein one goes from the electrons to the composite fermions by a
series of transformations. The theory is then compared to other theoretical
approaches and to experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41307 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at HERA


  A measurement is presented of elastic Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering e^+ +
p -> e^+ + photon + p at HERA using data taken with the H1 detector. The cross
section is measured as a function of the photon virtuality, Q^2, and the
invariant mass, W, of the gamma p system, in the kinematic range 2 < Q^2 < 20
GeV^2, 30 < W < 120 GeV and |t| < 1 GeV^2, where t is the squared momentum
transfer to the proton. The measurement is compared to QCD based calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125611 </DOCNO>
Spectral Gamma-ray Signatures of Cosmological Dark Matter Annihilation


  We propose a new signature for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)
dark matter, a spectral feature in the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray
radiation. This feature, a sudden drop of the gamma-ray intensity at an energy
corresponding to the WIMP mass, comes from the asymmetric distortion of the
line due to WIMP annihilation into two gamma-rays caused by the cosmological
redshift. Unlike other proposed searches for a line signal, this method is not
very sensitive to the exact dark matter density distribution in halos and
subhalos. The only requirement is that the mass distribution of substructure on
small scales follows approximately the Press-Schechter law, and that smaller
halos are on the average denser than large halos, which is a generic outcome of
N-body simulations of Cold Dark Matter, and which has observational support.
The upcoming Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) will be eminently
suited to search for these spectral features. For numerical examples, we use
rates computed for supersymmetric particle dark matter, where a detectable
signal is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168480 </DOCNO>
Long-Distance High-Fidelity Teleportation Using Singlet States


  A quantum communication system is proposed that uses polarization-entangled
photons and trapped-atom quantum memories. This system is capable of
long-distance, high-fidelity teleportation, and long-duration quantum storage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98958 </DOCNO>
Crossed products of C(X)-algebras by endomorphisms and C(X)-categories


  We construct the crossed product of a C(X)-algebra by an endomorphism, in
such a way that it becomes induced by a Hilbert C(X)-bimodule. Furthermore we
introduce the notion of C(X)-category, and discuss relationships with crossed
products and duality for compact groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169474 </DOCNO>
Quantum cryptographic ranging


  We present a system to measure the distance between two parties that allows
only trusted people to access the result. The security of the protocol is
guaranteed by the complementarity principle in quantum mechanics. The protocol
can be realized with available technology, at least as a proof of principle
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7073 </DOCNO>
The thermal conductivity of the spin-1/2 XXZ chain at arbitrary


  Motivated by recent investigations of transport properties of strongly
correlated 1d models and thermal conductivity measurements of quasi 1d magnetic
systems we present results for the integrable spin-1/2 $XXZ$ chain. The thermal
conductivity $\kappa(\omega)$ of this model has $\Re\kappa(\omega)=\tilde\kappa
\delta(\omega)$, i.e. it is infinite for zero frequency $\omega$. The weight
$\tilde\kappa$ of the delta peak is calculated exactly by a lattice path
integral formulation. Numerical results for wide ranges of temperature and
anisotropy are presented. The low and high temperature limits are studied
analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113653 </DOCNO>
A Note on Transfinite M Theory and the Fine Structure Constant


  In this short note, using notions from $p$-Adic QFT and $p$-branes, we derive
the transfinite M $theoretical$ corrections $(\alpha_M)^{-1} = 100 + 61 \phi$
to El Naschie's inverse fine structure constant value $(\alpha_{HS})^{-1}= 100
+ 60\phi$ which was based on a transfinite Heterotic string theory ormalism .
$\phi$ is the Golden Mean $0.6180339...$. Our results are consistent with
recent Astrophysical observations of he Boomerang and Maxima experiments, with
previous results based on the four dimensional gravitational conformal anomaly
calculations and with an enhanced hierarchy of the number of lines on Del Pezzo
surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75229 </DOCNO>
Light fermion mass generation in dynamical symmetry breaking


  We reconsider the question of mass generation for fermions coupled to a set
of gauge bosons when the latter get their masses through the Goldstone bosons
originating in a simple (i.e. not extended) technicolor sector. The fermion
global chiral symmetries are broken by including four-fermion interactions. We
find that the system can be nonperturbatively unstable under fermion mass
fluctuations driving the formation of an effective coupling between the
technigoldstone bosons and the ordinary fermions. Minimization of an effective
action for the corresponding composite operators describes then dynamical
generation of light fermion masses of order M exp(-k/g^2), where M is some
cutoff mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96919 </DOCNO>
Einstein metrics with prescribed conformal infinity on 4-manifolds


  This paper considers the existence of conformally compact Einstein metrics on
4-manifolds. A reasonably complete understanding is obtained for the existence
of such metrics with prescribed conformal infinity, when the conformal infinity
is of positive scalar curvature. We find in particular that general solvability
in this class depends on the topology of the filling manifold. The obstruction
to solvability for arbitrary boundary values is also identified. While most of
the paper concerns dimension 4, some general results on the structure of the
space of such metrics hold in all dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124151 </DOCNO>
On the age of PSR B1509-58


  It is generally accepted that the PSR B1509-58 is associated with the
supernova remnant (SNR) MSH 15-52 (G 320.4-01.2). The spin-down age of the
pulsar is \simeq 1700 years, while the size and the general appearance of the
SNR suggest that this system is much older. A few possible explanations of this
discrepancy have been put forward. We offer an alternative one and suggest that
the high spin-down rate of the pulsar characterizes only a relatively short
period of its (present) spin history, and that the enhanced braking torque is
connected with the interaction between the pulsar's magnetosphere and the dense
matter of a circumstellar clump (created during the late evolutionary stages of
the supernova (SN) progenitor star). Our suggestion implies that the "true" age
of PSR B1509-58 could be much larger than the spin-down age, and therefore the
SNR MSH 15-52 is a middle-aged remnant similar to the Vela SNR (G 263.9-3.3).
We also suggest that the dense (neutral) gas of the circumstellar clump could
be responsible for the enhanced neutral hydrogen absorption towards PSR
B1509-58, and that the optical emission of an optical counterpart for PSR
B1509-58 should rather be attributed to a bow shock around this pulsar than to
the pulsar itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74653 </DOCNO>
Hierarchy and Anarchy in Quark Mass Matrices, or Can Hierarchy Tolerate


  The consequences of adding random perturbations (anarchy) to a baseline
hierarchical model of quark masses and mixings are explored. Even small
perturbations of the order of 5% of the smallest non-zero element can already
give deviations significantly affecting parameters of the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix, so any process generating the anarchy
should in general be limited to this order of magnitude. The regularities of
quark masses and mixings thus appear to be far from a generic feature of
randomness in the mass matrices, and more likely indicate an underlying order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7326 </DOCNO>
Dewetting of thin films on heterogeneous substrates: Pinning vs.


  We study a model for a thin liquid film dewetting from a periodic
heterogeneous substrate (template). The amplitude and periodicity of a striped
template heterogeneity necessary to obtain a stable periodic stripe pattern,
i.e. pinning, are computed. This requires a stabilization of the longitudinal
and transversal modes driving the typical coarsening dynamics during dewetting
of a thin film on a homogeneous substrate. If the heterogeneity has a larger
spatial period than the critical dewetting mode, weak heterogeneities are
sufficient for pinning. A large region of coexistence between coarsening
dynamics and pinning is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86212 </DOCNO>
How Recent is Cosmic Acceleration?


  Possibly the most peculiar expectation of the standard fine-tuned
cosmological paradigm is that cosmic acceleration is to only be a very recent
(z<1) phenomenon, with the universe being required to be decelerating at all
higher redshifts. Detailed exploration of the Hubble plot out to z=2 or so
will not only provide an absolute test of this expectation but will also allow
for testing of conformal gravity, a non fine-tuned alternate cosmological
theory which provides equally good fitting to the current z<1 Hubble plot
data while requiring the universe to be accelerating at higher z instead.
With both standard and conformal gravity being found to be compatible with a
very recently reported z=1.7 data point, additional data points will thus be
needed to determine whether the universe is accelerating or decelerating above
z=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5381 </DOCNO>
Market application of the percolation model: Relative price distribution


  We study a variant of the Cont-Bouchaud model which utilizes the perco lation
approach of multi-agent simulations of the stock market fluctuations. Here,
instead of considering the relative price change as the difference of the total
demand and total supply, we consider the relative price change to be
proportiona l to the ``relative'' difference of demand and supply (the ratio of
the difference in total demand and total supply to the sum of the total demand
and total supply). We then study the probability distribution of the price
changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179356 </DOCNO>
Recent developments in the dynamical and unitary isobar models for pion


  gamma N->Delta transition form factors and threshold pi^0 photo- and
electroproduction are studied with the new version of MAID and a dynamical
model. By re-analyzing the recent Jlab data on p(e,e'p) pi^0 at Q^2 = 2.8 and
4.0 (GeV/c)^2, we find that the hadronic helicity conservation is not yet
observed in this region of Q^2. The extracted R_{EM}, starting from a small and
negative value at the real photon point, actually exhibits a clear tendency to
cross zero and change sign as Q^2 increases, while the absolute value of R_{SM}
is strongly increasing. Our analysis indicates that A_{1/2} and S_{1/2}, but
not A_{3/2}, starts exhibiting the pQCD scaling behavior at about Q^2 = 2.5
(GeV/c)^2. For the pi^0 photo- and electroproduction near threshold, results
obtained within the dynamical model with the use of a meson-exchange pi N model
for the final state interaction are in as good agreement with the data as ChPT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87013 </DOCNO>
From Big Crunch to Big Bang: A Quantum String Cosmology Perspective


  The scenario that the Universe contracts towards a big crunch and then
undergoes a transition to expanding Universe in envisaged in the quantum string
cosmology approach. The Wheeler-De Witt equation is solved exactly for an
exponential dilaton potential. S-duality invariant cosmological effective
action, for type IIB theory, is considered to derive classical solutions and
solve WDW equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179442 </DOCNO>
Relativistic effects and quasipotential equations


  We compare the scattering amplitude resulting from the several quasipotential
equations for scalar particles. We consider the Blankenbecler-Sugar, Spectator,
Thompson, Erkelenz-Holinde and Equal-Time equations, which were solved
numerically without decomposition into partial waves. We analyze both
negative-energy state components of the propagators and retardation effects. We
found that the scattering solutions of the Spectator and the Equal-Time
equations are very close to the nonrelativistic solution even at high energies.
The overall relativistic effect increases with the energy. The width of the
band for the relative uncertainty in the real part of the scattering $T$
matrix, due to different dynamical equations, is largest for
backward-scattering angles where it can be as large as 40%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7277 </DOCNO>
Boundary lubrication properties of materials with expansive freezing


  We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of solid-solid contacts
lubricated by a model system displaying many of the typical properties of water
and other tetrahedrally coordinated materials, particularely its expansive
freezing. Contrary to what happens with other systems of simple spherical
particles, we have found that near the region where expansive freezing occurs,
our lubricating films remain fluid, preventing microscopic stick-slip motion,
and making friction force steadily approach zero as the shear velocity goes to
zero. We give a simple interpretation of these results, and suggest that in
general good boundary lubricating properties will be found in the family of
materials with expansive freezing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40904 </DOCNO>
Pions in isospin asymmetric nuclei


  Using a pair of the lightest mirror nuclei, $^3$He and $^3$H, we study the
effect of the medium modification of pion fields on the flavor non-singlet
structure function. The change of the pion fields leads to an enhancement of
the flavor asymmetry of the antiquark distributions in a nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76676 </DOCNO>
Gauge Coupling Unification from Unified Theories in Higher Dimensions


  Higher dimensional grand unified theories, with gauge symmetry breaking by
orbifold compactification, possess SU(5) breaking at fixed points, and do not
automatically lead to tree-level gauge coupling unification. A new framework is
introduced that guarantees precise unification -- even the leading loop
threshold corrections are predicted, although they are model dependent. Precise
agreement with the experimental result, \alpha_s^{exp} = 0.117 \pm 0.002,
occurs only for a unique theory, and gives \alpha_s^{KK} = 0.118 \pm 0.004 \pm
0.003. Remarkably, this unique theory is also the simplest, with SU(5) gauge
interactions and two Higgs hypermultiplets propagating in a single extra
dimension. This result is more successful and precise than that obtained from
conventional supersymmetric grand unification, \alpha_s^{SGUT} = 0.130 \pm
0.004 \pm \Delta_{SGUT}. There is a simultaneous solution to the three
outstanding problems of 4D supersymmetric grand unified theories: a large mass
splitting between Higgs doublets and their color triplet partners is forced,
proton decay via dimension five operators is automatically forbidden, and the
absence of fermion mass relations amongst light quarks and leptons is
guaranteed, while preserving the successful m_b/m_\tau relation. The theory
necessarily has a strongly coupled top quark located on a fixed point and part
of the lightest generation propagating in the bulk. The string and
compactification scales are determined to be around 10^{17} GeV and 10^{15}
GeV, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4128 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Tsallis' Satistics


  In the present paper the conditions for the validity of the Tsallis'
Statistics are analyzed. The same has been done following the analogy with the
traditional case: starting from the microcanonical description of the systems
and taking into account their self-similarity scaling properties in the
thermodynamic limit, it is analyzed the necessary conditions for the
equivalence of microcanonical ensemble with the Tsallis' generalization of the
canonical ensemble. It is shown that the Tsallis' Statistics is appropriate for
the macroscopic description of systems with potential scaling laws of the
asymptotic accessible states density of the microcanonical ensemble. Our
analysis shows many details of the Tsallis' formalism: the q-expectation
values, the generalized Legendre's transformations between the thermodynamic
potentials, as well as the conditions for its validity, having a priori the
possibility to estimate the value of the entropic index without the necessity
of appealing to the computational simulations or the experiment. On the other
hand, the definition of physical temperature received a modification which
differs from the Toral's result. For the case of finite systems, we have
generalized the microcanonical thermostatistics of D. H. E. Gross with the
generalization of the curvature tensor for this kind of description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124643 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Spectrum of the Rapid Burster using the Chandra HETGS


  We present observations of the Rapid Burster (RB, also known as MXB 1730-335)
using the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer. The average
interval between type II (accretion) bursts was about 40 s. There was one type
I (thermonuclear flash) burst and about 20 "mini-bursts" which are probably
type II bursts whose peak flux is 10-40% of the average peak flux of the other
type II bursts. The time averaged spectra of the type II bursts are well fit by
a blackbody with a temperature of kT = 1.6 keV, a radius of 8.9 km for a
distance of 8.6 kpc, and an interstellar column density of 1.7e22 per sq. cm.
No narrow emission or absorption lines were clearly detected. The 3 sigma upper
limits to the equivalent widths of any features are < 10 eV in the 1.1-7.0 keV
band and as small as 1.5 eV near 1.7 keV. We suggest that Comptonization
destroys absorption features such as the resonance line of Fe XXVI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76843 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangian description of the lepton flavor violating decays


  A comprehensive analysis of the lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays Z-->li
lj is presented within the effective Lagrangian approach. Both the decoupling
and nondecoupling scenarios are explored. The experimental constraints from li
--> lj lk \bar{lk} and li -->lj gamma as well as some relationships arising
from the gauge invariance of the effective Lagrangian are used to put
constraints on Z-->li lj. It is found that while current experimental data
impose very strong constraints on Z-->mu e, the channel Z --> tau mu (e)still
may be at the reach of the planned TESLA collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126866 </DOCNO>
A revision of the solar neighbourhood metallicity distribution


  We present a revised metallicity distribution of dwarfs in the solar
neighbourhood. This distribution is centred on solar metallicity. We show that
previous metallicity distributions, selected on the basis of spectral type, are
biased against stars with solar metallicity or higher. A selection of G-dwarf
stars is inherently biased against metal rich stars and is not representative
of the solar neighbourhood metallicity distribution. Using a sample selected on
colour, we obtain a distribution where approximately half the stars in the
solar neighbourhood has a metallicity higher than [Fe/H]=0. The percentage of
mid-metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]$<$-0.5) is approximately 4 per cent, in agreement
with present estimates of the thick disc. In order to have a metallicity
distribution comparable to chemical evolution model predictions, we convert the
star fraction to mass fraction, and show that another bias against metal-rich
stars affects dwarf metallicity distributions, due to the colour (or spectral
type) limits of the samples. Reconsidering the corrections due to the
increasing thickness of the stellar disc with age, we show that the Simple
Closed-Box model with no instantaneous recycling approximation gives a
reasonable fit to the observed distribution. Comparisons with the
age-metallicity relation and abundance ratios suggest that the Simple
Closed-Box model may be a viable model of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy
at solar radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97818 </DOCNO>
Fixed points of discrete nilpotent group actions on S^2


  We prove that for each integer k of at least 2, there is an open neigborhood
\nu_k of the identity map of the 2-sphere S^2, in C^1-topology such that: if G
is a nilpotent subgroup of Diff^1(S^2) with length k of nilpotency, generated
by elements in \nu_k, then the natural action on S^2 has non-empty fixed point
set. Moreover, the G-action has at least two fixed points if the action has a
finite non-trivial orbit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96357 </DOCNO>
Cycle Map for Strictly Decomposable Cycles


  We introduce a class of cycles, called nondegenerate, strictly decomposable
cycles, and show that the image of each cycle in this class under the refined
cycle map to an extension group in the derived category of arithmetic mixed
Hodge structures does not vanish. This class contains certain cycles in the
kernel of the Abel-Jacobi map. The construction gives a refinement of Nori's
argument in the case of a self-product of a curve. As an application, we show
that a higher cycle which is not annihilated by the reduced higher Abel-Jacobi
map produces uncountably many indecomposable higher cycles on the product with
a variety having a nonzero global 1-form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5296 </DOCNO>
The Stability of Matter and Landau Singularity in QED


  The theory of stability of relativistic matter seem to suggest that at high
enough energies Quantum Electrodynamics may not be a well behaved theory. We
show that, this is true for QED with infinite number of flavour of Fermions,
where e^2*N_f is held constant,while number of flavour, N_f tends to infinity,
"e" being the fine structure constant.In this limit, Landau singularity becomes
exact. We refer to the analogy of this model with the theory of weakly
interacting electron system with short range potential, analysed by Feldman et
al. using renormalisation group technique. Results by Feldman et al. helps us
to unravel the mystery behind the Landau singularity known in QED for more than
four decades.Landau singularity simply means that the perturbative ground state
is unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124451 </DOCNO>
Discovery of circular polarization in the Intermediate Polar 1WGA


  We report on UBVRI polarimetry of the recently identified Intermediate Polar
1WGA J1958.2+3232, carried out on 2000 August, 4-6 at the Nordic Optical
Telescope. Circular polarization was detected in R and I bands with an
increasing absolute mean value with wavelength. There is evidence of possible
modulation of the circular polarization at twice the previously reported white
dwarf spin period, suggesting that it is the true period and that the
modulation in optical and X-ray is dominated by the first harmonic. Indication
of modulation at the orbital period is also present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4313 </DOCNO>
Extremely Dilute Modular Neuronal Networks: Neocortical Memory Retrieval


  A model of the columnar functional organization of neocortical association
areas is studied. The neuronal network is composed of many Hebbian
autoassociators, or modules, each of which interacts with a small subset of the
others. Every module stores a number of elementary features. Memory patterns
are peculiar combinations of features sparsely distributed over the
multi-modular network. Any feature stored in any module can be involved in
several of the stored patterns; feature-sharing is in fact source of local
ambiguities and, consequently, a potential cause of erroneous retrieval
activity spreading through the model network.
  The retrieval dynamics of the large multi-modular autoassociator is
investigated by means of quantitative analysis and numerical simulations.
Correlated activation of adjacent modules and extramodular contacts more
effective than the intramodular ones seem to be general requirements in order
to achieve satisfactory quality of memory retrieval. An oscillatory retrieval
process is found to be very efficient in overcoming feature-sharing drawbacks;
it requires a mechanism that modulates the robustness of local attractors to
noise, and neuronal activity sparseness such that quiescent and active modules
are about equally noisy. Fluctuation of the number of modules pre-synaptic to
any module across the network has to be less pronounced than that of the degree
of the nodes in Bernoulli random graphs.
  Even in ideal conditions, some spots of the network cannot be reached by
retrieval activity spread, their locations depending on the pattern to retrieve
and on the cue; the oscillatory retrieval process nearly saturates the
consequent upper-bound to retrieval quality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98452 </DOCNO>
Classical dynamical r-matrices, Poisson homogeneous spaces, and


  Jiang-Hua Lu showed that any dynamical r-matrix for the pair $(g,u)$
naturally induces a Poisson homogeneous structure on $G/U$. She also proved
that if $g$ is complex simple, $u$ is its Cartan subalgebra and $r$ is
quasitriangular, then this correspondence is in fact 1-1. In the present paper
we find some general conditions under which the Lu correspondence is 1-1. Then
we apply this result to describe all triangular Poisson homogeneous structures
on $G/U$ for a simple complex group $G$ and its reductive subgroup $U$
containing a Cartan subgroup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6986 </DOCNO>
Field Dependence of Electronic Specific Heat in Two-Band Superconductors


  The vortex structure is studied in light of MgB$_2$ theoretically based on a
two-band superconducting model by means of Bogoliubov-de Gennes framework. The
field dependence of the electronic specific heat coefficient $\gamma (H)$ is
focused. The exponent $\alpha$ in $\gamma (H)\propto H^{\alpha}$ is shown to
become smaller by adjusting the gap ratio of the two gaps on the major and
minor bands. The observed extremely small value $\alpha\sim 0.23$ could be
explained reasonably well in this two-band model with the gap ratio $\sim 0.3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76447 </DOCNO>
QCD Phenomenology and Light-Front Wavefunctions


  A natural calculus for describing the bound-state structure of relativistic
composite systems in quantum field theory is the light-front Fock expansion
which encodes the properties of a hadrons in terms of a set of
frame-independent n-particle wavefunctions. Light-front quantization in the
doubly-transverse light-cone gauge has a number of remarkable advantages,
including explicit unitarity, a physical Fock expansion, the absence of ghost
degrees of freedom, and the decoupling properties needed to prove factorization
theorems in high momentum transfer inclusive and exclusive reactions. A number
of applications are discussed in these lectures, including semileptonic B-meson
decays, two-photon exclusive reactions, diffractive dissociation into jets, and
deeply virtual Compton scattering. The relation of the intrinsic sea to the
light-front wavefunctions is discussed. Light-front quantization can also be
used in the Hamiltonian form to construct an event generator for high energy
physics reactions at the amplitude level. The light-cone partition function,
summed over exponentially-weighted light-cone energies, has simple boost
properties which may be useful for studies in heavy ion collisions. I also
review recent work which shows that the structure functions measured in deep
inelastic lepton scattering are affected by final-state rescattering, thus
modifying their connection to light-front probability distributions. In
particular, the shadowing of nuclear structure functions is due to destructive
interference effects from leading-twist diffraction of the virtual photon,
physics not included in the nuclear light-cone wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113362 </DOCNO>
GP-B experiment will prove that space-time is flat


  Can we obtain the predictive value of GP-B experiment direct from the well
known experimental results? This predictive value is more reliable then that
deduced from special model of theory. In this paper, we calculate in this way.
The result is same as that from special relativistic gravitational theory. So
it is extremely likely that GP-B experiment will prove space-time is flat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86801 </DOCNO>
A numerical testbed for singularity excision in moving black hole


  We evolve a scalar field in a fixed Kerr-Schild background geometry to test
simple $(3+1)$-dimensional algorithms for singularity excision. We compare both
centered and upwind schemes for handling the shift (advection) terms, as well
as different approaches for implementing the excision boundary conditions, for
both static and boosted black holes. By first determining the scalar field
evolution in a static frame with a $(1+1)$-dimensional code, we obtain the
solution to very high precision. This solution then provides a useful testbed
for simulations in full $(3+1)$ dimensions. We show that some algorithms which
are stable for non-boosted black holes become unstable when the boost velocity
becomes high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86525 </DOCNO>
Advection Dominated Accretion Flows around a Rotating Compact Object


  Using the generalised set of fluid equations that include the `Coriolis
force' along with the centrifugal and pressure gradient forces, we have
reanalysed the class of self similar solutions, with the pseudo-Newtonian
potential. We find that the class of solutions is well behaved for almost the
entire parameter space except for a few selected combinations of $\gamma$ and
$\alpha$ for the co-rotating flow. The analysis of the Bernoulli number shows
that whereas it remains positive for co-rotating flow for $f>1/3$, for the
counter-rotating flow it does admit both positive and negative values,
indicating the possibility of energy transfer in either direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128744 </DOCNO>
X-rays from Star-Forming Regions in the VLT Era


  The association between star-forming regions and X-ray emission was
discovered over 30 years ago. We now know that essentially all young stellar
objects, T Tauri stars and protostars, are X-ray emitters, although the case of
the youngest, Class~0 protostars, is less clear. The paper highlights X-ray
emission and absorption mechanisms, and summarizes X-ray observations of young
stellar objects. The impact of the VLT on the characterization of the new X-ray
sources is also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124314 </DOCNO>
On the comoving distance as an arc-length in four dimensions


  The inner product provides a conceptually and algorithmically simple method
for calculating the comoving distance between two cosmological objects given
their redshifts, right ascension and declination, and arbitrary constant
curvature. The key to this is that just as a distance between two points `on'
the surface of the ordinary 2-sphere ${\cal S}^2$ is simply an arc-length
(angle multiplied by radius) in ordinary Euclidean 3-space ${\cal E}^3$, the
distance between two points `on' a 3-sphere ${\cal S}^3$ (a 3-hyperboloid
${\cal H}^3$) is simply an `arc-length' in Euclidean 4-space ${\cal E}^4$
(Minkowski 4-space ${\cal M}^4$), i.e. an `hyper-angle' multiplied by the
curvature radius of the 3-sphere (3-hyperboloid).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75079 </DOCNO>
Gell-Mann - Oakes - Renner relation in a magnetic field at finite


  In the first order of chiral perturbation theory the corrections to
$F_{\pi^0}$ and $M_{\pi^0}$ in a magnetic field at finite temperature have been
found. It was shown that they are shifted in such a manner that Gell-Mann -
Oakes - Renner relation remains valid under these conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81097 </DOCNO>
Instanton dominance of topological charge fluctuations in QCD?


  We consider the local chirality of near-zero eigenvectors from Wilson-Dirac
and clover improved Wilson-Dirac lattice operators as proposed recently by
Horv\'ath et al. We studied finer lattices and repaired for the loss of
orthogonality due to the non-normality of the Wilson-Dirac matrix. As a result
we do see a clear double peak structure on lattices with resolutions higher
than 0.1 fm. We found that the lattice artifacts can be considerably reduced by
exploiting the biorthogonal system of left and right eigenvectors. We conclude
that the dominance of instantons on topological charge fluctuations is not
ruled out by local chirality measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2281 </DOCNO>
Spectral fluctuations of the atomic vibrations in glasses: random matrix


  It is demonstrated on a realistic model of amorphous alloy
Si$_{0.9}$Ge$_{0.1}$ with 1000 atoms, that short-range spectral fluctuations of
propagons and diffusons are universal and in agreement with random matrix
theory. The universality ceases at distances greater than Thouless number
$N_T$, where propagons obey the Altshuler-Shklovskii power law, $\Sigma_2\sim
N^{3/2}$ for the variance $\Sigma_2$ of the number of levels $N$, while a new
power law, $\Sigma_2\sim N$, is observed for diffusons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81493 </DOCNO>
Improving the low-lying spectrum of the overlap kernel


  The action of the overlap-Dirac operator on a vector is typically implemented
in directly through a multi-shift conjugate gradient solver. The compute-time
this takes to evaluate depends upon the condition number $\kappa$ of the matrix
that is used as the overlap kernel. We examine the low-lying spectra of various
candidate kernels in an effort to optimise $\kappa$, thereby speeding up the
overlap evaluation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129157 </DOCNO>
Monitoring the Evolution of the X-ray Remnant of SN 1987A


  We report on the results of our monitoring program of the remnant of SN 1987A
with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) on board the {\it Chandra
X-ray Observatory}. Two new observations have been performed in AO2, bringing
the total to four monitoring observations over the past two years. Over this
time period, new techniques for correction of ``Charge Transfer Inefficiency
(CTI)'' and for use of charge spreading to provide angular resolution somewhat
better than the pixel size of the CCD detector have become available at Penn
State. We have processed all four observations using sub-pixel resolution to
obtain the highest possible angular resolution, and using our CTI correction
software to provide more reliable spectral analysis and flux estimations.
  The high angular resolution images indicate that the X-ray bright knots are
convincingly correlated with the optical spots, primarily at $\la$1 keV, while
higher energy photons are very well correlated with radio images. Our data also
provide marginal evidence for radial expansion of the X-ray remnant at a rate
of 5200 $\pm$ 2100 km s$^{-1}$. The X-ray flux appears to linearly increase by
$\sim$60% over the 18 month period of these observations. The spectrum is
dominated by broad complexes of atomic emission lines and can be fit with a
simple model of a plane-parallel shock with electron temperatures of $kT$
$\sim$ 2 $-$ 4 keV and a postshock electron density of $n_{e}$ $\sim$ 210 $-$
420 cm$^{-3}$. The implied 0.5 $-$ 10 keV band luminosity in 2001 April is
$\sim$1.3 $\times$ 10$^{35}$ ergs s$^{-1}$; as of that date, we still observe
no direct evidence for the central point source, with an upper limit on the
{\it observed} luminosity of $L_{X}$ $\sim$ 5.5 $\times$ 10$^{33}$ ergs
s$^{-1}$ in the 2 $-$ 10 keV band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123653 </DOCNO>
Multi-transition study and new detections of class II methanol masers


  We have used the ATNF Mopra antenna and the SEST antenna to search in the
directions of several class II methanol maser sources for emission from six
methanol transitions in the frequency range 85-115 GHz. The transitions were
selected from excitation studies as potential maser candidates. Methanol
emission at one or more frequencies was detected from five of the maser
sources, as well as from Orion KL. Although the lines are weak, we find
evidence of maser origin for three new lines in G345.01+1.79, and possibly one
new line in G9.62+0.20.
  The observations, together with published maser observations at other
frequencies, are compared with methanol maser modelling for G345.01+1.79 and
NGC6334F. We find that the majority of observations in both sources are
consistent with a warm dust (175 K) pumping model at hydrogen density ~10^6
cm^-3 and methanol column density ~5 x 10^17 cm^-2. The substantial differences
between the maser spectra in the two sources can be attributed to the geometry
of the maser region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41380 </DOCNO>
Measurement of $D^0$ decays to $K^0_L \pi^0$ and $K^0_S \pi^0$ at Belle


  We present a preliminary measurement of the ratio of $D^0$ decay rates into
$K^0_L \pi^0$ and $K^0_S \pi^0$ final states. This ratio can be used to
disentangle the Cabibbo favored $D^0 \to \overline{K}^0\pi^0$ and doubly
Cabibbo suppressed $D^0 \to K^0 \pi^0$ amplitudes, and contributes to the
important goal of constraining the strong phase $\delta_{K \pi}$ between $D^0
\to K^- \pi^+$ and $D^0 \to K^+ \pi^-$. The measurement is based on a large
data set accumulated by the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ collider, with
$K^0_L$ candidates reconstructed using hadronic clusters in the KLM ($K_L$ and
$\mu$ identification system), together with a $D^0$ mass constraint and
$D^{*+}$ tag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 890 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Properties in the Bilayer Quantum Hall Ferromagnet


  The spectral functions of the pseudospin correlation functions in the bilayer
quantum Hall system at \nu=1 are investigated numerically, where the pseudospin
describes the layer degrees of freedom. In the pseudospin-ferromagnetic phase,
the lowest-energy excitation branch is closely connected with the ground state
through the fluctuations of pseudospin S_y and S_z, and it plays a significant
role on the tunneling properties in this system. For the system with very small
tunneling amplitude and layer separation smaller than the critical one, the
system-size dependence of calculated spectral function A_{y z} suggests the
superfluidity on the tunneling current in the absence of impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128251 </DOCNO>
Metal-Poor Globular Clusters of the Milky Way and Environs


  We review properties of the most metal-deficient globular clusters and halo
stars in the local universe as of March 2001, with goals of examining present
evidence for the duration of the initial burst of massive cluster formation in
the Milky Way, determining when that burst occurred, and elucidating what
appears to be limiting our present understanding. Such issues bear upon many
topics to arise later in the Symposium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169421 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics and Stochastic Mechanics for compatible observables at


  Bohm Mechanics and Nelson Stochastic Mechanics are confronted with Quantum
Mechanics in presence of non-interacting subsystems. In both cases, it is shown
that correlations at different times of compatible position observables on
stationary states agree with Quantum Mechanics only in the case of product wave
functions. By appropriate Bell-like inequalities it is shown that no classical
theory, in particular no stochastic process, can reproduce the quantum
mechanical correlations of position variables of non interacting systems at
different times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6716 </DOCNO>
Possible Superconductivity at 37 K in Graphite-Sulfur Composite


  Sulfur intercalated graphite composites with diamagnetic transitions at 6.7 K
and 37 K are prepared. The magnetization hysteresis loops (MHL), Xray
diffraction patterns, and resistance were measured. From the MHL, a slight
superconducting like penetration process is observed at 15 K in low field
region. The XRD shows no big difference from the mixture of graphite and sulfur
indicating that the volume of the superconducting phase (if any) is very small.
The temperature dependence of resistance shows a typical semiconducting
behavior with a saturation in low temperature region. This saturation is either
induced by the de-localization of conducting electrons or by possible
superconductivity in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7346 </DOCNO>
Conductance of Rashba spin-split systems with ferromagnetic contacts


  We study theoretically the conductance of heterostructures with ferromagnetic
conductors (F) and a two dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit
interaction (R) using the Landauer-B\"{u}ttiker formalism. Assuming a
one-dimensional model, we first find the $S$-matrix for the FR interface. This
result is then applied to different devices such as a FRF structure, first
suggested by Datta and Das[Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 665 (1990)]. We find analytic
results for the conductance for the case of collinear magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125053 </DOCNO>
The Thick Disk-Halo Interface


  The star formation history of a galaxy, explicitely here our Milky Way
Galaxy, where the most detailed information is attainable, is the convolution
of two functions. One function describes the rate of formation of the stars
which are today in the Galaxy. The second describes the assembly of those stars
into the present Galactic potential well. There is direct evidence that this
assembly continues today, with both stars and gas being assembled into, or at
least rearranged in, the Galactic potential. But is this recent accretion
significant? Was the last significant accretion the formation of the thick
disk, some 10Gyr ago?. Recent spectroscopic studies support this unexpected
result, while dynamical studies find increasing numbers of specific examples of
smaller scale more recent accretion. We present early results for one specific
such survey, the Anglo Australian Old Stellar populations Survey, to illustrate
current studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126879 </DOCNO>
Infrared Observation of Hot Cores


  We report on mid-infrared imaging of hot cores performed with SpectroCam-10
and TIMMI2. The observations aimed at the detection of thermal emission
presumably associated with the hot cores. Mid-infrared flux measurements are
required to improve the luminosity and optical depth estimates for these
sources. Results are presented for W3(H$_2$O), G9.62+0.19, G10.47+0.03, and the
possible hot core candidate G232.620+0.996. They illustrate that the morphology
of these sources cannot be described by simple geometries. Therefore,
line-of-sight effects and considerable extinction even at mid-infrared
wavelengths must not be neglected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4821 </DOCNO>
Kondo resonances and Fano antiresonances in transport through quantum


  The transmission of electrons through a non-interacting tight-binding chain
with an interacting side quantum dot (QD) is analized. When the Kondo effect
develops at the dot the conductance presents a wide minimum, reaching zero at
the unitary limit. This result is compared to the opposite behaviour found in
an embedded QD. Application of a magnetic field destroys the Kondo effect and
the conductance shows pairs of dips separated by the charging energy U. The
results are discussed in terms of Fano antiresonances and explain qualitatively
recent experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86815 </DOCNO>
Gluing and wormholes for the Einstein constraint equations


  We establish a general gluing theorem for constant mean curvature solutions
of the vacuum Einstein constraint equations. This allows one to take connected
sums of solutions or to glue a handle (wormhole) onto any given solution. Away
from this handle region, the initial data sets we produce can be made as close
as desired to the original initial data sets. These constructions can be made
either when the initial manifold is compact or asymptotically Euclidean or
asymptotically hyperbolic, with suitable corresponding conditions on the
extrinsic curvature. In the compact setting a mild nondegeneracy condition is
required. In the final section of the paper, we list a number ways this
construction may be used to produce new types of vacuum spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2169 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic Dynamics of Two-Layer Geophysical Flows


  The two-layer quasigeostrophic flow model is an intermidiate system between
the single-layer 2D barotropic flow model and the continuously stratified, 3D
baroclinic flow model. This model is widely used to investigate basic
mechanisms in geophysical flows, such as baroclinic effects, the Gulf Stream
and subtropical gyres. The wind forcing acts only on the top layer. We consider
the two-layer quasigeostrophic model under stochastic wind forcing. We first
transformed this system into a coupled system of random partial differential
equations and then show that the asymptotic probabilistic dynamics of this
system depends only on the top fluid layer. Namely, in the probability sense
and asymptotically, the dynamics of the two-layer quasigeostrophic fluid system
is determinied by the top fluid layer, or, the bottom fluid layer is slaved by
the top fluid layer.
  This conclusion is true provided that the Wiener process and the fluid
parameters satisfy a certain condition. In particular, this latter condition is
satisfied when the trace of the covariance operator of the Wiener process is
controled by a certain upper bound, and the Ekman constant $r$ is sufficiently
large. Note that the generalized time derivative of the Wiener process models
the fluctuating part of the wind stress forcing on the top fluid layer, and the
Ekman constant $r$ measures the rate for vorticity decay due to the friction in
the bottom Ekman layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74624 </DOCNO>
Minijet transverse spectrum in high-energy hadron-nucleus collisions


  Hadron-nucleus collisions at LHC energies are studied by including explicitly
semi-hard parton rescatterings in the collision dynamics. Under rather general
conditions, we obtain explicit formulae for the semi-hard cross-section and the
inclusive minijet transverse spectrum. As an effect of the rescatterings the
spectrum is lowered at small $p_t$ and is enhanced at relatively large
transverse momenta, the deformation being more pronounced at increasing
rapidity. Its study allows to test the proposed interaction mechanisms and
represents an important baseline to examine nucleus-nucleus collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 19 </DOCNO>
Characterization of halogen-bridged binuclear metal complexes as


  We study the electronic structure of halogen-bridged binuclear metal (MMX)
complexes with a two-band Peierls-Hubbard model. Based on a symmetry argument,
various density-wave states are derived and characterized. The ground-state
phase diagram is drawn within the Hartree-Fock approximation, while the thermal
behavior is investigated using a quantum Monte Carlo method. All the
calculations conclude that a typical MMX compound Pt_2(CH_3CS_2)_4I should
indeed be regarded as a d-p-hybridized two-band material, where the oxidation
of the halogen ions must be observed even in the ground state, whereas another
MMX family (NH_4)_4[Pt_2(P_2O_5H_2)_4X] may be treated as single-band
materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97920 </DOCNO>
Factorization Theorem for the Transfer Function Associated with an


  We construct operators which factorize the transfer function associated with
a non-self-adjoint 2x2 operator matrix whose diagonal entries can have
overlapping spectra and whose off-diagonal entries are unbounded operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5955 </DOCNO>
Multi-particle-collision dynamics: Flow around a circular and a square


  A particle-based model for mesoscopic fluid dynamics is used to simulate
steady and unsteady flows around a circular and a square cylinder in a
two-dimensional channel for a range of Reynolds number between 10 and 130.
Numerical results for the recirculation length, the drag coefficient, and the
Strouhal number are reported and compared with previous experimental
measurements and computational fluid dynamics data. The good agreement
demonstrates the potential of this method for the investigation of complex
flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129326 </DOCNO>
Chandra observations of PSR B1509-58 and Supernova Remnant G320.4-1.2


  The young and energetic pulsar B1509-58 powers a bright X-ray synchrotron
nebula, embedded in the unusual supernova remnant G320.4-1.2. We present
observations of this system with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which show a
spectacularly complicated source. The nebula is dominated by a bright
collimated feature which we interpret as a relativistic jet directed along the
pulsar spin axis. Several compact knots can be seen in the immediate vicinity
of the pulsar. While many of these features are similar to those seen around
the Crab pulsar, the nebula surrounding PSR B1509-58 shows important
differences which are possibly a result of the the latter's low nebular
magnetic field and low density environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126731 </DOCNO>
Squelched Galaxies and Dark Halos


  There is accumulating evidence that the faint end of the galaxy luminosity
function might be very different in different locations. The luminosity
function might be rising in rich clusters and flat or declining in regions of
low density. If galaxies form according to the model of hierarchical clustering
then there should be many small halos compared to the number of big halos. If
this theory is valid then there must be a mechanism that eliminates at least
the visible component of galaxies in low density regions. A plausible mechanism
is photoionization of the intergalactic medium at a time before the epoch that
most dwarf galaxies form in low density regions but after the epoch of
formation for similar systems that ultimately end up in rich clusters. The
dynamical timescales are found to accommodate this hypothesis in a flat
universe with Omega_m < 0.4.
  If small halos exist but simply cannot be located because they have never
become the sites of significant star formation, they still might have dynamical
manifestations. These manifestations are hard to identify in normal groups of
galaxies because small halos do not make a significant contribution to the
global mass budget. However, it could be entertained that there are clusters of
halos where there are only small systems, clusters that are at the low mass end
of the hierarchical tree. There may be places where only a few small galaxies
managed to form, enough for us to identify and use as test probes of the
potential. It turns out that such environments might be common. Four probable
groups of dwarfs are identified within 5 Mpc and the assumption they are
gravitationally bound suggests M/L_B ~ 300 - 1200 M_sun/L_sun, 6 +/- factor 2
times higher than typical values for groups with luminous galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148702 </DOCNO>
An action for supergravity interacting with super-p-brane sources


  We describe the coupled system of supergravity and a superbrane source by the
sum of the group manifold action for D--dimensional supergravity and the action
for a super--$p$--brane. We derive the generalized Einstein equation with the
source and discuss the local fermionic symmetries of the coupled action. Our
scheme could be especially relevant in $D=11, 10$, in which the superfield
actions for supergravity are not known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1681 </DOCNO>
Magnetization studies on superconducting MgB$_2$ - lower and upper


  Magnetization studies have been carried out on superconducting MgB$_2$
(T$_c$=37K) in the temperature range of 2-50K and in magnetic field up to 5
Tesla. From these measurements, values of the lower critical field H$_c1$(0),
upper critical field H$_c2$(0) at zero K are estimated to be ~300 Oe and ~12.5
Tesla, respectively, which yield a value of ~26 for the Ginzburg-Landau
parameter, k. Magnetization hysteresis loops have been obtained at various
temperatures from which the magnetization critical current density is estimated
using Bean's critical state model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127962 </DOCNO>
The spin evolution of nascent neutron stars


  The loss of angular momentum due to unstable r-modes in hot young neutron
stars has been proposed as a mechanism for achieving the spin rates inferred
for young pulsars. One factor that could have a significant effect on the
action of the r-mode instability is fallback of supernova remnant material. The
associated accretion torque could potentially counteract any gravitational-wave
induced spin-down, and accretion heating could affect the viscous damping rates
and hence the instability. We discuss the effects of various external agents on
the r-mode instability scenario within a simple model of supernova fallback on
to a hot young magnetized neutron star. We find that the outcome depends
strongly on the strength of the star's magnetic field. Our model is capable of
generating spin rates for young neutron stars that accord well with initial
spin rates inferred from pulsar observations. The combined action of r-mode
instability and fallback appears to cause the spin rates of neutron stars born
with very different spin rates to converge, on a timescale of about a year. The
results suggest that stars with magnetic fields $\le10^{13}$ G could emit a
detectable gravitational wave signal for perhaps several years after the
supernova event. Stars with higher fields (magnetars) are unlikely to emit a
detectable gravitational wave signal via the r-mode instability. The model also
suggests that the r-mode instability could be extremely effective in preventing
young neutron stars from going dynamically unstable to the bar-mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167955 </DOCNO>
Quantum Zeno effects with "pulsed" and "continuous" measurements


  The dynamics of a quantum system undergoing measurements is investigated.
Depending on the features of the interaction Hamiltonian, the decay can be
slowed (quantum Zeno effect) or accelerated (inverse quantum Zeno effect), by
changing the time interval between successive (pulsed) measurements or,
alternatively, by varying the "strength" of the (continuous) measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96225 </DOCNO>
Self-scaled barrier functions on symmetric cones and their


  Self-scaled barrier functions on self-scaled cones were introduced through a
set of axioms in 1994 by Y.E. Nesterov and M.J. Todd as a tool for the
construction of long-step interior point algorithms. This paper provides firm
foundation for these objects by exhibiting their symmetry properties, their
intimate ties with the symmetry groups of their domains of definition, and
subsequently their decomposition into irreducible parts and algebraic
classification theory. In a first part we recall the characterisation of the
family of self-scaled cones as the set of symmetric cones and develop a
primal-dual symmetric viewpoint on self-scaled barriers, results that were
first discovered by the second author. We then show in a short, simple proof
that any pointed, convex cone decomposes into a direct sum of irreducible
components in a unique way, a result which can also be of independent interest.
We then show that any self-scaled barrier function decomposes in an essentially
unique way into a direct sum of self-scaled barriers defined on the irreducible
components of the underlying symmetric cone. Finally, we present a complete
algebraic classification of self-scaled barrier functions using the
correspondence between symmetric cones and Euclidean Jordan algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3744 </DOCNO>
Construction of exact solutions by spatial traslations in inhomogeneous


  In this paper we study a general nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a time
dependent harmonic potential. Despite the lack of traslational invariance we
find a symmetry trasformation which, up from any solution, produces infinitely
many others which are centered on classical trajectories. The results presented
here imply that, not only the center of mass of the wave-packet satisfies the
Ehrenfest theorem and is decoupled from the dynamics of the wave-packet, but
also the shape of the solution is independent of the behaviour of the center of
the wave. Our findings have implications on the dynamics of Bose-Einstein
condensates in magnetic traps

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123789 </DOCNO>
The EDELWEISS Experiment : Status and Outlook


  The EDELWEISS Dark Matter search uses low-temperature Ge detectors with heat
and ionisation read- out to identify nuclear recoils induced by elastic
collisions with WIMPs from the galactic halo. Results from the operation of 70
g and 320 g Ge detectors in the low-background environment of the Modane
Underground Laboratory (LSM) are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3877 </DOCNO>
Nature of insulating state in NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ above charge-ordering


  The nature of insulating state driven by electronic correlations in the
quarter-filled ladder compound $\alpha'$NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ is investigated within
a cluster dynamical mean-field approach. An extended Hubbard model with
first-principle tight-binding parameters have been used. It is shown that the
insulating state in the charge-disordered phase of this compound is formed due
to the transfer of spectral density and dynamical charge fluctuations where for
the latter, the role of inter-site Coulomb interaction is found to be of
crucial importance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76405 </DOCNO>
Possible astrophysical signatures of heavy stable neutral relics in


  We consider heavy stable neutral particles in the context of supergravity and
show that a gravitationally suppressed inflaton decay can produce such
particles in cosmologically interesting abundances within a wide mass range
$10^3 {\rm GeV} \leq m_X \leq 10^{11} {\rm GeV}$. In gravity-mediated
supersymmetry breaking models, a heavy particle can decay into its superpartner
and a photon-photino pair or a gravitino. Such decays only change the identity
of a possible dark matter candidate. However, for $10^3 {\rm GeV} \leq m_X \leq
10^7 {\rm GeV}$, astrophysical bounds from gamma-ray background and
photodissociation of light elements can be more stringent than the overclosure
bound, thus ruling out the particle as a dark matter candidate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41450 </DOCNO>
New Evaluation of the QED Running Coupling and of the Muonium Hyperfine


  We present a new independent evaluation of the hadronic and QCD contributions
to the QED running coupling \alpha(M_Z) and to the muonium hyperfine splitting
\nu. We obtain: \Delta\alpha_{had}=2770(17)10^{-5} and
\Delta\nu_{had}=232.5(2.5) Hz. Combined with the QED and Electroweak Standard
Model contributions, they lead to: \alpha^{-1}(M_Z)=128.926(25) and to the
Fermi energy splitting \nu_F=4~459~031~783(229) Hz, where for the latter, we
have used, in addition, the precise measurement of the muonium hyperfine
splitting \nu_{exp}. We use \nu_F in order to predict the ratios of masses
m_{\mu}/m_e=206.768~276(11) and of the magnetic moments
\mu_{\mu}/\mu^e_B=4.841~970~47(25)10^{-3}, which are in excellent agreement
with the ones quoted by the Particle Data Group. These remarkable agreements
can provide strong constraints on some contributions beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41712 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of Lifetime Difference in $D^0$ Meson Decays


  We report a measurement of the $D^0$-$\bar{D}{}^0$ mixing parameter $y_{CP}$
using 23.4 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected near the $\Upsilon$(4S) resonance with
the Belle detector at KEKB. $y_{CP}$ is measured from the lifetime difference
of $D^0$ mesons decaying into the $K^-\pi^+$ state and the CP even eigenstate
$K^-K^+$. We find $y_{CP}=(-0.5\pm 1.0{}^{+0.7}_{-0.8})\times10^{-2}$, where
the first error is statistical and the second systematic, corresponding to a
95% confidence interval $-0.030 < y_{CP} < 0.020$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99080 </DOCNO>
Orbifold Constructions of K3: A Link between Conformal Field Theory and


  We discuss geometric aspects of orbifold conformal field theories in the
moduli space of N=(4,4) superconformal field theories with central charge c=6.
Part of this note consists of a summary of our earlier results on the location
of these theories within the moduli space [NW01,Wen] and the action of a
specific version of mirror symmetry on them [NW]. We argue that these results
allow for a direct translation from geometric to conformal field theoretic
data. Additionally, this work contains a detailed discussion of an example
which allows the application of various versions of mirror symmetry on K3. We
show that all of them agree in that point of the moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97089 </DOCNO>
Extended Bell and Stirling numbers from hypergeometric exponentiation


  Exponentiating the hypergeometric series gives a recursion relation for
integer sequences which are generalizations of conventional Bell numbers. The
corresponding associated Stirling numbers of the second kind are also generated
and investigated. For the lowest order generalisation, one can give a
combinatorial interpretation of these 'Bell' numbers, and of some Stirling
numbers associated with them. We also consider these analogues of Bell numbers
in the case of restricted partitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74131 </DOCNO>
Anomalous single top quark production at the THERA and LinacxLHC based


  Single production of t-quarks at the THERA and LinacxLHC based gamma-p
colliders via anomalous gamma-u-t and gamma-c-t couplings have been studied. We
show that gamma-p colliders will be a powerful tool for searching for the
anomalous couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125720 </DOCNO>
Periodic orbits in warped disk


  It is often assumed that a warped galaxy can be modeled by a set of rings.
This paper verifies numerically the validity of this assumption by the study of
periodic orbits populating a heavy self-gravitating warped disk. The phase
space structure of a warped model reveals that the circular periodic orbits of
a flat disk are transformed in quasi annular periodic orbits which conserve
their stability. This lets us also explore the problem of the persistence of a
large outer warp. In particular, the consistency of its orbits with the density
distribution is checked as a function of the pattern speed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125405 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Omega_m, Omega_L, and Sigma_8, from Galaxy Cluster


  We show that the counts of galaxy clusters in future deep cluster surveys can
place strong constraints on the matter density, Omega_m, the vacuum energy
density, Omega_L, and the normalization of the matter power spectrum, sigma_8.
Degeneracies between these parameters are different from those in studies of
either high--redshift type Ia Supernovae (SNe), or cosmic microwave background
(CMB) anisotropies. Using a mass threshold for cluster detection expected to be
typical for upcoming SZE surveys, we find that constraints on Omega_m and
sigma_8 at the level of roughly 5% or better can be expected, assuming redshift
information is known at least to z=0.5 and in the absence of significant
systematic errors. Without information past this redshift, Omega_L is
constrained to 25%. With complete redshift information, deep (M_{lim}=
10^{14}h^{-1}{M_sun}), relatively small solid angle (roughly 12 {deg}^2)
surveys can further constrain Omega_L to an accuracy of 15%, while large solid
angle surveys with ground-based large-format bolometer arrays could measure
Omega_L to a precision of 4% or better.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75178 </DOCNO>
Blocking Active-Sterile Neutrino Oscillations in the Early Universe with


  We propose a new mechanism to block the active-sterile neutrino oscillations
in the Early Universe. We show that a typical consequence of theories where the
lepton number is spontaneously broken is the existence of a coherent
cosmological Majoron field with a strength proportional to the lepton and
baryon numbers of the Universe. This field interacts with leptons and changes
the potentials relevant for neutrino oscillations. If the scale of lepton
number symmetry breaking is of the order of 1 GeV then a Majoron field and
lepton number asymmetry of the order of the baryon asymmetry are strong enough
to block the active-sterile neutrino oscillations with the atmospheric neutrino
mass gap which otherwise would bring the sterile neutrino into equilibrium at
the big bang nucleosynthesis epoch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123878 </DOCNO>
Abundance Gradients and the Formation of the Milky Way


  In this paper we adopt a chemical evolution model, which is an improved
version of the Chiappini, Matteucci and Gratton (1997) model, assuming two main
accretion episodes for the formation of the Galaxy. The present model takes
into account in more detail than previously the halo density distribution and
explores the effects of a threshold density in the star formation process,
during both the halo and disk phases. In the comparison between model
predictions and available data, we have focused our attention on abundance
gradients as well as gas, stellar and star formation rate distributions along
the disk. We suggest that the mechanism for the formation of the halo leaves
detectable imprints on the chemical properties of the outer regions of the
disk, whereas the evolution of the halo and the inner disk are almost
completely disentangled. This is due to the fact that the halo and disk
densities are comparable at large Galactocentric distances and therefore the
gas lost from the halo can substantially contribute to building up the outer
disk. We also show that the existence of a threshold density for the star
formation rate, both in the halo and disk phase, is necessary to reproduce the
majority of observational data in the solar vicinity and in the whole disk.
Moreover, we predict that the abundance gradients along the Galactic disk must
have increased with time and that the average [alpha/Fe] ratio in stars (halo
plus disk) slightly decrease going from 4 to 10 Kpcs from the Galactic center.
We also show that the same ratios increase substantially towards the outermost
disk regions and the expected scatter in the stellar ages decreases, because
the outermost regions are dominated by halo stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2633 </DOCNO>
Finite-temperature simulations of the scissors mode in Bose-Einstein


  The dynamics of a trapped Bose-condensed gas at finite temperatures is
described by a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate order
parameter and a semi-classical kinetic equation for the thermal cloud, solved
using $N$-body simulations. The two components are coupled by mean fields as
well as collisional processes that transfer atoms between the two. We use this
scheme to investigate scissors modes in anisotropic traps as a function of
temperature. Frequency shifts and damping rates of the condensate mode are
extracted, and are found to be in good agreement with recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98840 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalue asymptotics of perturbed periodic Dirac systems in the


  A perturbation decaying to 0 at infinity and not too irregular at 0
introduces at most a discrete set of eigenvalues into the spectral gaps of a
one-dimensional Dirac operator on the half-line. We show that the number of
these eigenvalues in a compact subset of a gap in the essential spectrum is
given by a quasi-semiclassical asymptotic formula in the slow-decay limit,
which for power-decaying perturbations is equivalent to the large-coupling
limit. This asymptotic behaviour elucidates the origin of the dense point
spectrum observed in spherically symmetric, radially periodic three-dimensional
Dirac operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73983 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous and Isotropic Charge Densities to Accelerate the Universe


  Various theoretical obstacles are associated with a homogeneous and isotropic
distribution of ``charge'' which is subject to a repulsive, long-range force.
We show how these can be overcome, for all practical purposes, by the simple
device of endowing the particle which carries the force with a small mass. The
resulting situation may be relevant to a phase of cosmological acceleration
which is triggered by the approach to masslessness of such a force carrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75521 </DOCNO>
Positronium Hyperfine Splitting in Non-commutative Space at the Order


  We obtain positronium Hyperfine Splitting owing to the non-commutativity of
space and show that, in the leading order, it is proportional to $\theta
\alpha^6$ where, $\theta$ is the parameter of non-commutativity. It is also
shown that spatial non-commutativity splits the spacing between $n=2$ triplet
excited levels $E(2^3S_1)\to E(2^3P_2)$ which provides an experimental test on
the non-commutativity of space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73742 </DOCNO>
Spectrality, coupling constant analyticity and the renormalization group


  Analytic structure in the strong coupling constant that emerges for some
observables in QCD after duality averaging of renormalization group improved
amplitudes is discussed. It is shown that perturbation theory calculations are
justified for the proper observables related to the two-point correlators of
hadronic currents the analytic properties of which are well-established. A
particular case of gluonic current correlators is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3753 </DOCNO>
Non-extensive Hamiltonian systems follow Boltzmann's principle not


  Boltzmann's principle S(E,N,V)=k*ln W(E,N,V) relates the entropy to the
geometric area e^{S(E,N,V)} of the manifold of constant energy in the N-body
phase space. From the principle all thermodynamics and especially all phenomena
of phase transitions and critical phenomena can be deduced. The topology of the
curvature matrix C(E,N) (Hessian) of S(E,N) determines regions of pure phases,
regions of phase separation, and (multi-)critical points and lines. Thus,
C(E,N) describes all kind of phase-transitions with all their flavor. No
assumptions of extensivity, concavity of S(E), or additivity have to be
invoked. Thus Boltzmann's principle and not Tsallis statistics describes the
equilibrium properties as well the approach to equilibrium of extensive and
non-extensive Hamiltonian systems. No thermodynamic limit must be invoked.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168014 </DOCNO>
A " quantum public key " based cryptographic scheme for continuous


  By analogy to classical cryptography, we develop a "quantum public key" based
cryptographic scheme in which the two public and private keys consist in each
of two entangled beams of squeezed light. An analog message is encrypted by
modulating the phase of the beam sent in public. The knowledge of the degree of
non classical correlation between the beam quadratures measured in private and
in public allows only the receiver to decrypt the message. Finally, in a view
towards absolute security, we formally prove that any external intervention of
an eavesdropper makes him vulnerable to any subsequent detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97504 </DOCNO>
Reduced power operations in motivic cohomology


  In this paper we construct an analog of Steenrod operations in motivic
cohomology and prove their basic properties including the Cartan formula, the
Adem relations and the realtions to characteristic classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113402 </DOCNO>
Linear resolution and models that fit the data in linear inverse theory


  When trying to estimate a model from data it is generally believed that
finding an model which fits the data is the method of choice. However, for
linear forward problems which are highly underdetermined, a very common
practice is to find an estimate with good linear resolution, akin to optical
resolution, with no regard to fitting the data. A prominent example is the
windowed discrete Fourier transform. It is demonstrated that if the linear
algorithm generating an estimate of the unknown model from the data is
invertable then the estimate, along with it noise statistics and linear
resolution, is a complete summary of all the models that fit the data. The
confusion between models that fit the data and linear resolution, which
stretches back at least 50 years, seems to be due to the success of some
algorithms being attributed to models fit the data but were the good linear
resolution is the important property. Wiener deconvolution is a prime example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127296 </DOCNO>
Are granules good tracers of solar surface velocity fields?


  Using a numerical simulation of compressible convection with radiative
transfer mimicking the solar photosphere, we compare the velocity field derived
from granule motions to the actual velocity field of the plasma. We thus test
the idea that granules may be used to trace large-scale velocity fields at the
sun's surface. Our results show that this is indeed the case provided the scale
separation is sufficient. We thus estimate that neither velocity fields at
scales less than 2500 km nor time evolution at scales shorter than 0.5 hr can
be faithfully described by granules. At larger scales the granular motions
correlate linearly with the underlying fluid motions with a slope of ~< 2
reaching correlation coefficients up to ~0.9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150239 </DOCNO>
Wigner Particle Theory and Local Quantum Physics


  Wigner's irreducible positive energy representations of the Poincare group
are often used to give additional justifications for the Lagrangian
quantization formalism of standard QFT. Here we study another more recent
aspect. We explain in this paper modular concepts by which we are able to
construct the local operator algebras for all standard positive energy
representations directly i.e. without going through field coordinatizations. In
this way the artificial emphasis on Lagrangian field coordinates is avoided
from the very beginning. These new concepts allow to treat also those cases of
``exceptional'' Wigner representations associated with anyons and the famous
Wigner ``spin tower''which have remained inaccessible to Lagrangian
quantization. Together with the d=1+1 factorizing models (whose modular
construction has been studied previously), they form an interesting family of
theories with a rich vacuum-polarization structure (but no on shell real
particle creation) to which the modular methods can be applied for their
explicit construction. We explain and illustrate the algebraic strategy of this
construction. We also comment on possibilities of formulating the Wigner theory
in a setting of a noncommutative spacetime substrate. This is potentially
interesting in connection with recent unitarity- and Lorentz invariance-
preserving results of the special nonlocality caused by this kind of
noncommutativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148384 </DOCNO>
Some solutions of linearized 5-d gravity with brane


  We consider linearized 5-d gravity in the Randall-Sundrum brane world. The
class of static solutions for linearized Einstein equations is found. Also we
obtaine wave solutions describing radiation from an imaginary point source
located at the Planck distance from the brane. We analyze the fields asymptotic
behavior and peculiarities of matter sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76840 </DOCNO>
Time-Varying alpha and Particle Physics


  We argue that models in which an observable variation of the fine structure
constant is explained by motion of a cosmic scalar field, are not stable under
renormalization, and require massive fine tuning that cannot be explained by
any known mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4908 </DOCNO>
Solving rate equations for electron tunneling via discrete quantum


  We consider the form of the current-voltage curves generated when tunneling
spectroscopy is used to measure the energies of individual electronic energy
levels in nanometer-scale systems. We point out that the voltage positions of
the tunneling resonances can undergo temperature-dependent shifts, leading to
errors in spectroscopic measurements that are proportional to temperature. We
do this by solving the set of rate equations that can be used to describe
electron tunneling via discrete quantum states, for a number of cases important
for comparison to experiments, including (1) when just one spin-degenerate
level is accessible for transport, (2) when 2 spin-degenerate levels are
accessible, with no variation in electron-electron interactions between
eigenstates, and (3) when 2 spin-degenerate levels are accessible, but with
variations in electron-electron interactions. We also comment on the general
case with an arbitrary number of accessible levels. In each case we analyze the
voltage-positions, amplitudes, and widths of the current steps due to the
quantum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4653 </DOCNO>
A microscopic model for the structural transition and spin gap formation


  We present a microscopic model for alpha'-NaV2O5. Using an extended Hubbard
model for the vanadium layers we derive an effective low-energy model
consisting of pseudospin Ising chains and Heisenberg chains coupled to each
other. We find a ``spin-Peierls-Ising'' phase transition which causes charge
ordering on every second ladder and superexchange alternation on the other
ladders. This transition can be identified with the first transition of the two
closeby transitions observed in experiment. Due to charge ordering the
effective coupling between the lattice and the superexchange is enhanced. This
is demonstrated within a Slater-Koster approximation. It leads to a second
instability with superexchange alternation on the charge-ordered ladders due to
an alternating shift of the O sites on the rungs of that ladder. We can explain
within our model the observed spin gap, the anomalous BCS ratio, and the
anomalous shift of the critical temperature of the first transition in a
magnetic field. To test the calculated superstructure we determine the
low-energy magnon dispersion and find agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86876 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theory of Gravity


  The quantum gravity is formulated based on principle of local gauge
invariance. The model discussed in this paper has local gravitational gauge
symmetry and gravitational field appears as gauge field. The problems on
quantization and renormalization of the theory are also discussed in this
paper. In leading order approximation, the gravitational gauge field theory
gives out classical Newton's theory of gravity. In first order approximation
and for vacuum, the gravitational gauge field theory gives out Einstein's
general theory of relativity. This quantum gauge theory of gravity is a
renormalizable quantum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114287 </DOCNO>
Determination of Effective Permittivity and Permeability of


  We analyze the reflection and transmission coefficients calculated from
transfer matrix simulations on finite lenghts of electromagnetic metamaterials,
to determine the effective permittivity and permeability. We perform this
analysis on structures composed of periodic arrangements of wires, split ring
resonators (SRRs) and both wires and SRRs. We find the recovered
frequency-dependent permittivity and permeability are entirely consistent with
analytic expressions predicted by effective medium arguments. Of particular
relevance are that a wire medium exhibits a frequency region in which the real
part of permittivity is negative, and SRRs produce a frequency region in which
the real part of permeability is negative. In the combination structure, at
frequencies where both the recovered real part of permittivity and permeability
are simultaneously negative, the real part of the index-of-refraction is found
also to be unambigously negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129554 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX View on the 2001 Reactivation of SGR 1900+14


  After a couple of years of quiescence, the soft gamma repeater SGR 1900+14
suddenly reactivated on 18 April 2001, with the emission of a very intense,
long and modulated flare, only second in intensity and duration to the 27
August 1998 giant flare. BeppoSAX caught the large flare with its Gamma Ray
Burst Monitor and with one of the Wide Field Cameras. The Wide Field Cameras
also detected X-ray bursting activity shortly before the giant flare. A target
of opportunity observation was started only 8 hours after the large flare with
the Narrow Field Instruments, composed of two 60-ks long pointings. These two
observations show an X-ray afterglow of the persistent SGR 1900+14 source,
decaying with time according to a power law of index -0.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41363 </DOCNO>
Observation of Large CP Violation in the Neutral B Meson System


  We present a measurement of the Standard Model CP violation parameter sin
2phi_1 based on a 29.1 fb^{-1} data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S)
resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.
One neutral B meson is fully reconstructed as a J/psi Ks, psi(2S) Ks, chi_c1
Ks, eta_c Ks, J/psi K_L or J/psi K^{*0} decay and the flavor of the
accompanying B meson is identified from its decay products. From the asymmetry
in the distribution of the time intervals between the two B meson decay points,
we determine sin 2phi_1 = 0.99 +- 0.14(stat) +- 0.06(syst). We conclude that we
have observed CP violation in the neutral B meson system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4 </DOCNO>
Zeno dynamics yields ordinary constraints


  The dynamics of a quantum system undergoing frequent measurements (quantum
Zeno effect) is investigated. Using asymptotic analysis, the system is found to
evolve unitarily in a proper subspace of the total Hilbert space. For spatial
projections, the generator of the "Zeno dynamics" is the Hamiltonian with
Dirichlet boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125289 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Parameter Extraction from the First Season of Observations


  The Degree Angular Scale Interferometer (\dasi) has measured the power
spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy over the range of
spherical harmonic multipoles 100<l<900. We compare this data, in combination
with the COBE-DMR results, to a seven dimensional grid of adiabatic CDM models.
Adopting the priors h>0.45 and 0.0<=tau_c<=0.4, we find that the total density
of the Universe Omega_tot=1.04+/-0.06, and the spectral index of the initial
scalar fluctuations n_s=1.01+0.08-0.06, in accordance with the predictions of
inflationary theory. In addition we find that the physical density of baryons
Omega_b.h^2=0.022+0.004-0.003, and the physical density of cold dark matter
Omega_cdm.h^2=0.14+/-0.04. This value of Omega_b.h^2 is consistent with that
derived from measurements of the primordial abundance ratios of the light
elements combined with big bang nucleosynthesis theory. Using the result of the
HST Key Project h=0.72+/-0.08 we find that Omega_t=1.00+/-0.04, the matter
density Omega_m=0.40+/-0.15, and the vacuum energy density
Omega_lambda=0.60+/-0.15. (All 68% confidence limits.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72462 </DOCNO>
A Dark-Matter Spike at the Galactic Center?


  The past growth of the central black hole (BH) might have enhanced the
density of cold dark matter halo particles at the Galactic center. We compute
this effect in realistic growth models of the present (2-3)*10**6 solar mass BH
from a low-mass seed BH, with special attention to dynamical modeling in a
realistic galaxy environment with merger and orbital decay of a seed BH formed
generally outside the exact center of the halo. An intriguing ``very-dense
spike'' of dark matter has been claimed in models of Gondolo and Silk with
density high enough to contradict with experimental upper bounds of neutralino
annihilation radiation. This ``spike'' disappears completely or is greatly
weakened when we include important dynamical processes neglected in their
idealized/restrictive picture with cold particles surrounding an at-the-center
zero-seed adiabaticly-growing BH. For the seed BH to spiral in and settle to
the center within a Hubble time by dynamical friction, the seed mass must be at
least a significant fraction of the present BH. Any subsequent at-the-center
growth of the BH and steepening of the central Keplerian potential well can
squeeze the halo density distribution only mildly, whether the squeezing
happens adiabatically or instantaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1000 </DOCNO>
Inequivalence of ensembles in a system with long range interactions


  We study the global phase diagram of the infinite range Blume-Emery-Griffiths
model both in the canonical and in the microcanonical ensembles. The canonical
phase diagram is known to exhibit first order and continuous transition lines
separated by a tricritical point. We find that below the tricritical point,
when the canonical transition is first order, the phase diagrams of the two
ensembles disagree. In this region the microcanonical ensemble exhibits energy
ranges with negative specific heat and temperature jumps at transition
energies. These results can be extended to weakly decaying nonintegrable
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123703 </DOCNO>
Stellar Encounters with the Beta Pictoris Planetesimal System


  We use data from the Hipparcos Catalog and the Barbier-Brossat & Figon (2000)
catalog of stellar radial velocities to test the hypothesis that the Beta Pic
planetesimal disk was disrupted by a close stellar encounter. We trace the
space motions of 21,497 stars and discover 18 that have passed within 5 pc of
Beta Pic in the past 1 Myr. Beta Pic's closest encounter is with the K2III star
HIP 27628 (0.6 pc), but dynamically the most important encounter is with the
F7V star HIP 23693 (0.9 pc). We calculate the velocity and eccentricity changes
induced by the 18 perturbations and conclude that they are dynamically
significant if planetesimals exist in a Beta Pic Oort cloud. We provide a
first-order estimate for the evolutionary state of a Beta Pic Oort cloud and
conclude that the primary role of these stellar perturbations would be to help
build a comet cloud rather than destroy a pre-existing structure. The stellar
sample is 20% complete and motivates future work to identify less common close
interactions that would significantly modify the observed circumstellar disk.
For future radial velocity study we identify six stars in the Hipparcos Catalog
that may have approached Beta Pic to within 0.1 pc and therefore remain as
candidate disk perturbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168667 </DOCNO>
Wigner-function description of quantum teleportation in arbitrary


  We present a unified approach to quantum teleportation in arbitrary
dimensions based on the Wigner-function formalism. This approach provides us
with a clear picture of all manipulations performed in the teleportation
protocol. In addition within the framework of the Wigner-function formalism all
the imperfections of the manipulations can be easily taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127414 </DOCNO>
Origin of the Hard X-ray Emission from the Galactic Plane


  The Galactic plane is a strong hard x-ray emitter and the emission forms a
narrow continuous ridge. The currently known hard x-ray sources are far too few
to explain the ridge x-ray emission, and the fundamental question as to whether
the ridge emission is ultimately resolved into numerous dimmer discrete sources
or truly diffuse emission has not yet been settled. In order to obtain a
decisive answer, using the Chandra x-ray observatory, we have carried out the
deepest hard x-ray survey of a Galactic plane region which is devoid of known
x-ray point sources. We have detected at least 36 new hard x-ray point sources
in addition to strong diffuse emission within a 17' x 17' field of view. The
surface density of the point sources is comparable to that at high Galactic
latitudes after the effects of Galactic absorption are considered. Therefore,
most of these point sources are probably extragalactic, presumably active
galaxies seen through the Galactic disk. The Galactic ridge hard x-ray emission
is diffuse, which indicates omnipresence of the hot plasma along the Galactic
plane whose energy density is more than one order of magnitude higher than any
other substances in the interstellar space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75703 </DOCNO>
Oscillating scalar-field dark matter in supergravity


  We show that an oscillating scalar field in supergravity of mass of the order
of $\sim$ TeV with a nonzero vacuum expectation value ($\sim 10^{10}$ GeV) can
be a candidate of cold dark matter (CDM). To avoid the gravitino problem, we
need a low reheating temperature after the primordial inflation. Then, the
energy density of the oscillating scalar field satisfies all the requirements
for CDM at present in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81246 </DOCNO>
The Deconfinement Transition in SU(4) Lattice Gauge Theory


  The deconfinement transition in SU(4) lattice gauge theory is studied on
N_s^3 X N_t lattices with N_s = 8-16 and N_t = 4-8 using a modified Wilson
action which is expected to have no bulk transitions. The peak of
susceptibility \chi_{|L|} is found to increase linearly with spatial volume for
N_t = 4, 5, and 6, indicating a first order deconfinement phase transition. The
latent heat is estimated to be approximately 2/3 of the corresponding ideal gas
energy density at T_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96291 </DOCNO>
Fundamental groups of open K3 surfaces, Enriques surfaces and Fano


  We investigate when the fundamental group of the smooth part of a K3 surface
or Enriques surface with Du Val singularities, is finite. As a corollary we
give an effective upper bound for the order of the fundamental group of the
smooth part of a certain Fano 3-fold. This result supports Conjecture A below,
while Conjecture A (or alternatively the rational connectedness conjecture in
[KoMiMo] which is still open when the dimension is at least 4) would imply that
every log terminal Fano variety has a finite fundamental group (now a Theorem
of S. Takayama).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179675 </DOCNO>
Statistical spectroscopic calculation of expectation values and


  Recently we proposed a formalism, based in nuclear statistical spectroscopy,
for efficient computation of nuclear level density, or densities of states,
through a sum of partitioned binomial functions (SUPARB). In this Letter we
extend the formalism to the calculation of locally averaged expectation values,
with specific application to spin-cutoff factors and the angular momentum
dependence of the nuclear density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74523 </DOCNO>
Global duality in heavy flavor decays in the 't Hooft model


  We average the decay width of a heavy meson in the t' Hooft model over the
heavy quark mass M with a smooth weight function. The averaging has support
over a few resonance spacings. We use the previously determined heavy meson
decay width which differs from the free quark width by a 1/M correction. In
contrast, we find that the averaged meson and quark widths differ by a 1/M^2
correction. We speculate on the relevance of our results to the
phenomenologically relevant case of 3+1 dimensional QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169157 </DOCNO>
Conventions in relativity theory and quantum mechanics


  The conventionalistic aspects of physical world perception are reviewed with
an emphasis on the constancy of the speed of light in relativity theory and the
irreversibility of measurements in quantum mechanics. An appendix contains a
complete proof of Alexandrov's theorem using mainly methods of affine geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98687 </DOCNO>
Curves and line bundles on Del Pezzo surfaces


  We extend the results of Pareschi on the constancy of the gonality and
Clifford index of smooth curves in a complete linear system on Del Pezzo
surfaces of degrees $\geq 2$ to the case of Del Pezzo surfaces of degree 1,
where we explicitly classify the cases where the gonality and Clifford index
are not constant. We also classify all cases of exceptional curves on Del Pezzo
surfaces, which turn out to be the smooth plane curves and some other cases
with Clifford dimension 3. Moreover, the property of being exceptional holds
for all curves in the complete linear system.
  Furthermore, we relate the Clifford index and gonality of smooth curves in
$|L|$ to the higher order embedding properties of $|L+K_S|$. More precisely, we
show that for a nef line bundle $L$ on a Del Pezzo surface, $L+K_S$ is
birationally $k$-very ample if and only if all the smooth curves in $|L|$ have
gonality $\geq k+2$, and we also find numerical criteria for birational
$k$-very ampleness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128426 </DOCNO>
The UCSD HIRES/KeckI Damped Lya Abundance Database: I. The Data


  We present new chemical abundance measurements of 16 damped Lya systems at
z>1.5 and update our previous abundance analyses. The entire database presented
here was derived from HIRES observations on the Keck I telescope, reduced with
the same software package, and analysed with identical techniques. Altogether,
we present a large, homogeneous database of chemical abundance measurements for
protogalaxies in the early universe, ideal for studying a number of important
aspects of galaxy formation. In addition, we have established an online
directory for this database and will continuously update the results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74582 </DOCNO>
Event-by-event fluctuations in hydrodynamical description of heavy-ion


  Effects caused by the event-by-event fluctuation of the initial conditions in
hydrodynamical description of high-energy heavy-ion collisions are
investigated. Non-negligible effects appear for several observable quantities,
even for a fixed impact parameter $\vec b $. They are sensitive to the equation
of state, being the dispersions of the observable quantities in general smaller
when the QGP phase appears at the beginning of hydrodynamic evolution than when
the fluid remains hadron gas during whole the evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2793 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Nonlinear Microwave Response of Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-x Films on


  We have investigated the anomalous nonlinear microwave response of epitaxial
electron-beam coevaporated YBa2Cu3O7-x films on MgO. The power and temperature
dependent surface impedance and two-tone intermodulation distortion were
measured in stripline resonators at several frequencies between 2.3 and 11.2
GHz and at temperatures between 1.7 K and Tc. All of the eight films measured
to date show a decrease of the surface resistance Rs of up to one order of
magnitude as the microwave current is increased up to approximately 1 mA for T
< 20 K. The surface reactance Xs showed only a weak increase in the same
region. The usual nonlinear increase of Rs and Xs was observed at high currents
in the 100-mA range. The minimum of Rs correlates with a pronounced plateau in
the third-order intermodulation signal. We have developed a phenomenological
two-fluid model, incorporating a microwave current-dependent quasiparticle
scattering rate g and normal fraction fn. The model contains only three
adjustable parameters. We find good agreement with the measured data for
constant fn and a current-dependent scattering rate g whose magnitude increases
almost linearly with temperature and frequency. Obvious mechanisms leading to
nonlinear microwave response like Josephson coupling across grain boundaries,
nonlocal or nonequilibrium effects cannot explain the data. The anomalies could
rather reflect the specific charge and spin ordering and transport phenomena in
the low-dimensional cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3336 </DOCNO>
Strong-coupling scenario of a metamagnetic transition


  We investigate the periodic Anderson model in the presence of an external
magnetic field, using dynamical mean-field theory in combination with the
modified perturbation theory. A metamagnetic transition is observed which
exhibits a massive change in the electronic properties. These are discussed in
terms of the quasiparticle weight and densities of states. The results are
compared with the experimental results of the metamagnetic transition in
CeRu_2Si_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4284 </DOCNO>
Pressure-induced Superconductivity in a Ferromagnet UGe$_2$ --


  The electrical resistivity measurements in the magnetic field are carried out
on the pressure-induced superconductor UGe$_2$. The superconductivity is
observed from 1.06 to 1.44 GPa. The upper critical field of $H_{C2}$ is
anisotropic where $H_{C2}(T)$ exhibits positive curvature for $H//b$ and
$c$-axis. The characteristic enhancement of $H_{C2}$ is reconfirmed for
$H//a$-axis. In the temperature and field dependence of resistivity at $P >
P_{C}$ where the ferromagnetic ordering disappears, it is observed that the
application of the external field along the {\it a}-axis increases the
coefficient of Fermi liquid behavior $AT^{2}$ correspondingly to the
metamagnetic transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128387 </DOCNO>
Completeness in Photometric and Spectroscopic Searches for Clusters


  We investigate, using simulated galaxy catalogues, the completeness of
searches for massive clusters of galaxies in redshift surveys or imaging
surveys with photometric redshift estimates, i.e. what fraction of clusters
(M>10^14/h Msun) are found in such surveys. We demonstrate that the matched
filter method provides an efficient and reliable means of identifying massive
clusters even when the redshift estimates are crude. In true redshift surveys
the method works extremely well. We demonstrate that it is possible to
construct catalogues with high completeness, low contamination and both varying
little with redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87049 </DOCNO>
A New Method of Constructing Black Hole Solutions in Einstein and 5D


  It is formulated a new 'anholonomic frame' method of constructing exact
solutions of Einstein equations with off--diagonal metrics in 4D and 5D
gravity. The previous approaches and results are summarized and generalized as
three theorems which state the conditions when two types of ansatz result in
integrable gravitational field equations. There are constructed and analyzed
different classes of anisotropic and/or warped vacuum 5D and 4D metrics
describing ellipsoidal black holes with static anisotropic horizons and
possible anisotropic gravitational polarizations and/or running constants. We
conclude that warped metrics can be defined in 5D vacuum gravity without
postulating any brane configurations with specific energy momentum tensors.
Finally, the 5D and 4D anisotropic Einstein spaces with cosmological constant
are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86006 </DOCNO>
The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment


  The status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical
frameworks for analysing them are reviewed. Einstein's equivalence principle
(EEP) is well supported by experiments such as the E\"otv\"os experiment, tests
of special relativity, and the gravitational redshift experiment. Future tests
of EEP and of the inverse square law will search for new interactions arising
from unification or quantum gravity. Tests of general relativity at the
post-Newtonian level have reached high precision, including the light
deflection, the Shapiro time delay, the perihelion advance of Mercury, and the
Nordtvedt effect in lunar motion. Gravitational wave damping has been detected
to half a percent using the binary pulsar, and new binary pulsar systems may
yield further improvements. When direct observation of gravitational radiation
from astrophysical sources begins, new tests of general relativity will be
possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97123 </DOCNO>
On toric varieties and modular forms


  These are the notes from a survey talk given at Arbeitstagung 2001 covering
the author's work with Lev Borisov and Sorin Popescu on toric varieties,
modular forms, and equations of modular curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2494 </DOCNO>
Designability of lattice model heteropolymers


  Protein folds are highly designable, in the sense that many sequences fold to
the same conformation. In the present work we derive an expression for the
designability in a 20 letter lattice model of proteins which, relying only on
the Central Limit Theorem, has a generality which goes beyond the simple model
used in its derivation. This expression displays an exponential dependence on
the energy of the optimal sequence folding on the given conformation measured
with respect to the lowest energy of the conformational dissimilar structures,
energy difference which constitutes the only parameter controlling
designability. Accordingly, the designability of a native conformation is
intimately connected to the stability of the sequences folding to them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148654 </DOCNO>
Sewing string tree vertices using canonical forms


  We effectively sew two vertices with ghosts in order to obtain a third,
composite vertex in the most general case of cycling transformations. In order
to do this, we separate the vertices into two parts: a bosonic oscillator part
and a ghost oscillator part and write them as canonical forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6780 </DOCNO>
Photoassociation of sodium in a Bose-Einstein condensate


  We report on the formation of ultra-cold Na$_2$ molecules using single-photon
photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate. The photoassociation rate,
linewidth and light shift of the J=1, $v=135$ vibrational level of the
\mterm{A}{1}{+}{u} molecular bound state have been measured. We find that the
photoassociation rate constant increases linearly with intensity, even where it
is predicted that many-body effects might limit the rate. Our observations are
everywhere in good agreement with a two-body theory having no free parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81112 </DOCNO>
The First Calculation for the Mass of the Ground $4^{++}$ Glueball State


  Under the quenched approximation, we perform a lattice calculation for the
mass of the ground $4^{++}$ glueball state in $E^{++}$ channel on a $D=3+1$
lattice. Our calculation shows that the mass of this state is
$M_G(4^{++})=3.65(6)(18)GeV$, which rules out the $4^{++}$ or mainly $4^{++}$
glueball interpretation for $\xi(2230)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126263 </DOCNO>
Unveiling the AGN powering the "Composite" Seyfert/Star-forming galaxy


  We discuss BeppoSAX observations and archive ASCA data of NGC 7679, a nearby,
nearly face-on SB0 galaxy in which starburst and AGN activities coexist. The
X-ray observations reveal a bright (L_{0.1-50 keV} \sim 2.9 \times 10^{43} erg
s^{-1}) and variable source having a minimum observed doubling/halving time
scale of \sim 10 - 20 ksec. A simple power law with photon index of \Gamma \sim
1.75 and small absorption (N_H < 4\times 10^{20} cm^{-2}) can reproduce the NGC
7679 spectrum from 0.1 up to 50 keV. These X-ray properties are unambiguous
signs of Seyfert 1 activity in the nucleus of NGC 7679. The starburst activity,
revealed by the IR emission, optical spectroscopy and H\alpha imaging, and
dominating in the optical and IR bands, is clearly overwhelmed by the AGN in
the X-ray band. Although, at first glance, this is similar to what is observed
in other starburst-AGN galaxies (e.g. NGC 6240, NGC 4945), most strikingly here
and at odds with the above examples, the X-ray spectrum of NGC 7679 does not
appear to be highly absorbed. The main peculiarity of objects like NGC 7679 is
not the strength of their starburst but the apparent optical weakness of the
Seyfert 1 nucleus when compared with its X-ray luminosity. To date NGC 7679 is
one of the few Seyfert 1/ Starburst composites for which the broad-band X-ray
properties have been investigated in detail. The results presented here imply
that optical and infrared spectroscopy could be highly inefficient in revealing
the presence of an AGN in these kinds of objects, which instead is clearly
revealed from X-ray spectroscopic and variability investigations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149612 </DOCNO>
Embedding Second Class Systems via Symplectic Gauge-invariant Formalism


  In this paper we reformulate Abelian and non-Abelian noninvariant systems as
gauge invariant theories using a new constraint conversion scheme, developed on
the symplectic framework. This conversion method is not plagued by the
ambiguity problem that torments the BFFT and iterative methods and also it
seems more powerful since it does not require special modifications to handle
with non-Abelian systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6605 </DOCNO>
Percolation exponents at the entanglement transition


  A nano-second scale in situ probe reveals a sharp phase transition as a
function of the chain length in a bulk linear polymer, both above and below the
glass transition temperature of the fully reacted product. This ``entanglement
transition" is in the same universality class as percolation. The exponents
$\gamma$ an $\beta$ are found to be 1.7 \pm .1 and 0.41 \pm 0.01 in agrement
with the best percolation results in three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95557 </DOCNO>
Coherent Sheaves on Singular Projective Curves with Nodal Singularities


  We give the full answer to the question: on which curves the category of
coherent sheaves $\Coh_{X}$ is tame. The answer is: these are just the curves
from the list of Drozd-Greuel. Moreover, in this case the derived category
$D^{-}(\Coh_{X})$ is also tame. We give an explicit description of the objects
of this category as well as of the categories $D^{b}(\Coh_{X})$, $\Coh_{X}$.
Among the coherent sheaves we describe the vector bundles, torsion-free
sheaves, mixed sheaves and skyscraper sheaves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7369 </DOCNO>
Structure of the exotic spin-flop states in BaCu2Si2O7


  The unusual 2-stage spin flop transition in BaCu2Si2O7 is studied by
single-crystal neutron diffraction. The magnetic structures of the various
spin-flop phases are determined. The results appear to be inconsistent with the
previously proposed theoretical explanation of the 2-stage transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1916 </DOCNO>
Anomalous strength of membranes with elastic ridges


  We report on a simulational study of the compression and buckling of elastic
ridges formed by joining the boundary of a flat sheet to itself. Such ridges
store energy anomalously: their resting energy scales as the linear size of the
sheet to the 1/3 power. We find that the energy required to buckle such a ridge
is a fixed multiple of the resting energy. Thus thin sheets with elastic ridges
such as crumpled sheets are qualitatively stronger than smoothly bent sheets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3923 </DOCNO>
Probability distribution of the sizes of largest erased-loops in


  We have studied the probability distribution of the perimeter and the area of
the k-th largest erased-loop in loop-erased random walks in two-dimensions for
k = 1 to 3. For a random walk of N steps, for large N, the average value of the
k-th largest perimeter and area scales as N^{5/8} and N respectively. The
behavior of the scaled distribution functions is determined for very large and
very small arguments. We have used exact enumeration for N <= 20 to determine
the probability that no loop of size greater than l (ell) is erased. We show
that correlations between loops have to be taken into account to describe the
average size of the k-th largest erased-loops. We propose a one-dimensional
Levy walk model which takes care of these correlations. The simulations of this
simpler model compare very well with the simulations of the original problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96520 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic linear algebra and plurisubharmonic functions of


  We remind known and establish new properties of the Dieudonn\'e and Moore
determinants of quaternionic matrices.Using these linear algebraic results we
develop a basic theory of plurisubharmonic functions of quaternionic variables.
Then we introduce and briefly discuss quaternionic Monge-Amp\'ere equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2271 </DOCNO>
Pressure dependent thermoelectric power of MgB$_2$ superconductor


  We have measured temperature dependence of thermoelectric power (TEP) on
MgB$_2$ superconductor under hydrostatic pressure. The sign and temperature
dependence of TEP shows metallic hole carriers are dominant with activation
type contribution at higher temperature. TEP increases with pressure while
$T_c$ decrease with ratio -0.136 K/kbar. The data are discussed in
consideration of carriers from different bands and anisotropy of
compressibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96841 </DOCNO>
Adelic Path Integrals for Quadratic Lagrangians


  Feynman's path integral in adelic quantum mechanics is considered. The
propagator K(x'',t'';x',t') for one-dimensional adelic systems with quadratic
Lagrangians is analytically evaluated. Obtained exact general formula has the
form which is invariant under interchange of the number fields R and Q_p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174852 </DOCNO>
Chiral NN model and Ay puzzle


  We analyze the results by chiral NN models for the two-nucleon system and
calculate the predictions for the nucleon vector analyzing power of elastic
nucleon-deuteron (Nd) scattering, Ay, by these models. Our conclusion is that a
QUANTITATIVE chiral two-nucleon potential does not resolve the Nd Ay puzzle
(when only two-body forces are included).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41449 </DOCNO>
Probing neutrino non-standard interactions with atmospheric neutrino


  We have reconsidered the atmospheric neutrino anomaly in light of the latest
data from Super-Kamiokande contained events and from Super-Kamiokande and MACRO
up-going muons. We have reanalysed the proposed solution to the atmospheric
neutrino anomaly in terms of non-standard neutrino-matter interactions (NSI) as
well as the standard nu_mu -> nu_tau oscillations (OSC). Our statistical
analysis shows that a pure NSI mechanism is now ruled out at 99%, while the
standard nu_mu -> nu_tau OSC mechanism provides a quite remarkably good
description of the anomaly. We therefore study an extended mechanism of
neutrino propagation which combines both oscillation and non-standard
neutrino-matter interactions, in order to derive limits on flavour-changing
(FC) and non-universal (NU) neutrino interactions. We obtain that the
off-diagonal flavour-changing neutrino parameter epsilon and the diagonal
non-universality neutrino parameter epsilon' are confined to -0.05 < epsilon <
0.04 and |epsilon'| < 0.17 at 99% CL. These limits are model independent and
they are obtained from pure neutrino-physics processes. The stability of the
neutrino oscillation solution to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly against the
presence of non-standard neutrino interactions establishes the robustness of
the near-maximal atmospheric mixing and massive-neutrino hypothesis. The best
agreement with the data is obtained for Delta m^2 = 2.4*10^{-3} eV^2,
sin^2(2theta) = 0.99, epsilon = -9.1*10^{-3} and epsilon' = -1.9*10^{-3},
although the chi^2 function is quite flat in the epsilon and epsilon'
directions for epsilon, epsilon' -> 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127352 </DOCNO>
Searching for Millisecond Pulsars in Globular Clusters at Parkes:


  We have discovered 12 new millisecond pulsars in 6 globular clusters in which
no pulsars were previously known, in the first two years of a search at 1.4 GHz
in progress at the Parkes radio telescope. Here we briefly describe the
motivation, the new hardware and software systems adopted for this survey, and
we present the results obtained thus far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1253 </DOCNO>
Non-Gaussian equilibrium in a long-range Hamiltonian system


  We study the dynamics of a system of N classical spins with infinite-range
interaction. We show that, when the thermodynamic limit is taken before the
infinite-time limit, the system does not relax to the Boltzmann-Gibbs
equilibrium, but exhibits different equilibrium properties, characterized by
stable non-Gaussian velocity distributions and dynamical power-law correlation
in phase-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41483 </DOCNO>
Additional studies of the probability that the events with a superjet


  In the $\W+$ 2,3 jet data collected by CDF during the 1992-1995 Fermilab
collider run, 13 events were observed to contain a superjet when $4.4 \pm 0.6$
events are expected. A previous article detailed the selection and the
kinematical properties of these events. The present paper provides estimates of
the probability that the kinematics of these 13 events is statistically
consistent with the standard model prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75122 </DOCNO>
B -> X_s l+ l- in the vectorlike quark model


  We extend the standard model by adding an extra generation of isosinglet up-
and down-type quark pair which engage in weak interactions only via mixing with
the three ordinary quark families. It is shown that the generalized $4\times 4$
quark mixing matrix, which is necessarily nonunitary, leads to nonvanishing
flavor changing neutral currents. We then proceed to investigate various
distributions and total branching ratio of the inclusive B -> X_s l+ l- (l
=e,\mu) rare B decays in the context of this model. It is shown that the shapes
of the differential branching ratio and forward-backward asymmetry distribution
are very sensitive to the value of the model parameters which are constrained
by the experimental upper bound on BR(B -> X_s \mu^+ \mu^-). We also indicate
that, for certain values of the dileptonic invariant mass, CP asymmetries up to
10% can be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149225 </DOCNO>
Intersecting delocalized p-branes


  A model considered in the paper generalizes supergravity type model to the
case of delocalized membrane sources. A generalization of intersecting p-brane
solution with delocalized membranes is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81379 </DOCNO>
Scalar condensate and light quark masses from overlap fermions


  We have studied pseudoscalar correlation functions computed using the overlap
operator. Within the accuracy of our calculation we find that the quark mass
dependence agrees with the prediction of lowest-order Chiral Perturbation
Theory (ChPT) for quark masses in the range of m ~ m_s/2-2m_s. We present the
results of an analysis which assumes lowest-order ChPT to be valid to extract
the low-energy constants Sigma and f_P, as well as the strange quark mass.
Non-perturbative renormalization is implemented via a matching procedure with
data obtained using Wilson fermions in the Schroedinger functional set-up. We
find that the scalar condensate computed here agrees with the one obtained
previously through a finite-size scaling analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41247 </DOCNO>
Model-Independent Predictions for Low Energy Isoscalar Heavy Baryon


  Model-independent predictions for excitation energies, semileptonic form
factors and electromagnetic decay rates of isoscalar heavy baryons and their
low energy excited states are discussed in terms of the combined heavy quark
and large $N_c$ expansion. At leading order, the observables are completely
determined in terms of the known excitation energy of the first excited state
of $\Lambda_c$. At next-to-leading order in the combined expansion all heavy
baryon observables can be expressed in a model-independent way in terms of two
experimentally measurable quantities. We list predictions at leading and
next-to-leading order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168991 </DOCNO>
Nonstationary Casimir effect in cavities with two resonantly coupled


  We study the peculiarities of the nonstationary Casimir effect (creation of
photons in cavities with moving boundaries) in the special case of two
resonantly coupled modes with frequencies $\omega_0$ and $(3\Delta)\omega_0$,
parametrically excited due to small amplitude oscillations of the ideal cavity
wall at the frequency $2\omega_0(1\delta)$ (with $|\delta|,|\Delta|\ll 1$). The
effects of thermally induced oscillations in time dependences of the mean
numbers of created photons and the exchange of quantum purities between the
modes are discovered. Squeezing and photon distributions in each modes are
calculated for initial vacuum and thermal states. A possibility of compensation
of detunings is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125525 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey HELLAS, II: Number counts and


  The BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey (HELLAS) has surveyed about 85
deg^2 of sky in the 5-10 keV band down to a flux of 4-5 10^-14 erg cm-2 s-1.
The source surface density of 16.9+-6.4 deg$^{-2}$ at the survey limit
corresponds to a resolved fraction of the 5-10 keV X-ray background (XRB) of
the order of 20-30 %. Hardness ratios analysis indicates that the spectra of a
substantial fraction of the HELLAS sources (at least one third) are harder than
a alpha_E = 0.6 power law. This hardness may be due to large absorbing columns.
The hardness ratio analysis also indicates that many HELLAS sources may have a
spectrum more complex than a single absorbed power law. A soft component,
superimposed to a strongly cut-off power law, is likely to be present in
several sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113585 </DOCNO>
Information transport by sine-Gordon solitons in microtubules


  We study the problem of information propagation in brain microtubules. After
considering the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a fluid of permanent
electric dipoles, the problem reduces to the sine-Gordon wave equation in one
space and one time dimensions. The problem of propagation of information is
thus set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6653 </DOCNO>
First-principles study of superconductivity in high-pressure Boron


  We study superconductivity in Boron using first-principles LAPW calculations,
the rigid-muffin-tin approximation and the McMillan theory. Our results point
to an electron-phonon mechanism producing transition temperatures near 10K at
high pressures in agreement with recent measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148046 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Hall Fluid and Non-Commutative Chern Simons Theory


  The first part of this paper is a review of the author's work with S. Bahcall
which gave an elementary derivation of the Chern Simons description of the
Quantum Hall effect for filling fraction $1/n$. The notation has been
modernized to conform with standard gauge theory conventions.
  In the second part arguments are given to support the claim that abelian
non-commutative Chern Simons theory at level $n$ is exactly equivalent to the
Laughlin theory at filling fraction $1/n$. The theory may also be formulated as
a matrix theory similar to that describing D0-branes in string theory. Finally
it can also be thought of as the quantum theory of mappings between two
non-commutative spaces, the first being the target space and the second being
the base space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97146 </DOCNO>
Higgs fields, bundle gerbes and string structures


  We use bundle gerbes and their connections and curvings to obtain an explicit
formula for a de Rham representative of the string class of a loop group
bundle. This is related to earlier work on calorons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113358 </DOCNO>
A Fundamental Criticism of the Report, "Further Evidence for


  The paper "Further Evidence for Cosmological Evolution of the Fine Structure
Constant", published August 27, 2001 in Physical Review Letters, which cites
data that the authors interpret as indicating that the fine structure constant,
alpha, was smaller 12 billion years ago than today by about 1 part per 100,000
suffers from a fundamental theoretical defect.
   The fundamental constants' values are so inextricably involved with each
other in the various laws of physics, as indicated by the procedures and
relationships used by CODATA to arrive at its periodic statements of the
recommended best values of the fundamental constants, that a change in
fundamental constant values must involve all or a large number of those
constants. Such a change certainly cannot [as the authors propose in the
subject paper] involve only one of the fundamental constants c, q, h etc.,
without involving any of the others.
   In spite of the researchers' claims with regard to thorough addressing of
sources of error, their theory is fundamentally flawed and that is their major
source of error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128267 </DOCNO>
Bias in Matter Power Spectra ?


  We review the constraints given by the linear matter power spectra data on
cosmological and bias parameters, comparing the data from the PSCz survey
(Hamilton et al., 2000) and from the matter power spectrum infered by the study
of Lyman alpha spectra at z=2.72 (Croft et al., 2000). We consider
flat--$\Lambda$ cosmologies, allowing $\Lambda$, $H_0$ and $n$ to vary, and we
also let the two ratio factors $r_{pscz}$ and $r_{lyman}$ ($r^2_i =
\frac{P_{i}(k)}{P_{CMB}(k)}$) vary independently. Using a simple $\chi^2$
minimisation technique, we find confidence intervals on our parameters for each
dataset and for a combined analysis. Letting the 5 parameters vary freely gives
almost no constraints on cosmology, but requirement of a universal ratio for
both datasets implies unacceptably low values of $H_0$ and $\Lambda$. Adding
some reasonable priors on the cosmological parameters demonstrates that the
power derived by the PSCz survey is higher by a factor $\sim 1.75$ compared to
the power from the Lyman $\alpha$ forest survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174807 </DOCNO>
Fragment size correlations in finite systems - application to nuclear


  We present a new method for the calculation of fragment size correlations in
a discrete finite system in which correlations explicitly due to the finite
extent of the system are suppressed. To this end, we introduce a combinatorial
model, which describes the fragmentation of a finite system as a sequence of
independent random emissions of fragments. The sequence is accepted when the
sum of the sizes is equal to the total size. The parameters of the model, which
may be used to calculate all partition probabilities, are the intrinsic
probabilities associated with the fragments. Any fragment size correlation
function can be built by calculating the ratio between the partition
probabilities in the data sample (resulting from an experiment or from a Monte
Carlo simulation) and the 'independent emission' model partition probabilities.
This technique is applied to charge correlations introduced by Moretto and
collaborators. It is shown that the percolation and the nuclear statistical
multifragmentaion model ({\sc smm}) are almost independent emission models
whereas the nuclear spinodal decomposition model ({\sc bob}) shows strong
correlations corresponding to the break-up of the hot dilute nucleus into
nearly equal size fragments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76220 </DOCNO>
Report on the PCaPAC 2000 Workshop


  In October 2000, the third PCaPAC (PCs and Particle Accelerator Controls)
workshop took place at DESY. This paper presents a summary of the workshop. The
workshop reviewed existing and new PC-based accelerator control systems, from
small-scale to large-scale installations. It demonstrated convincingly the
advantage of modern, commercial mass-market products used for accelerator
controls. Disadvantages of these technologies were reported as well.
Large-scale PC systems inherently bring administrative concerns into the
picture. In this vein, special emphasis was given to system administration for
distributed systems. A major topic of the workshop was the integration of
different control system approaches as well as the integration of different
platforms within the same control system. In particular, PC-based concepts
offer the simple opportunity to interface to commercial SCADA systems. In
addition, large emphasis was given to the presentation of future developments
including the next network trends to data exchange via SOAP and XML.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128826 </DOCNO>
Cluster abundance normalization from observed mass-temperature relation


  Abundance of rich clusters in local universe is currently believed to provide
the most robust normalization of power spectrum at a scale of 10 Mpc. This
normalization depends very sensitively on the calibration between virial mass M
and temperature T, which is usually taken from simulations. Uncertainties in
the modelling, such as gas cooling and heating, can lead to a factor of two
variations in the normalization and are thus not very reliable. Here we use
instead an empirical M_{500}-T relation derived from X-ray mass determinations
to calibrate the method. We use results from dark matter simulations to relate
the virial mass function to the mass function at observed M_{500}. We find that
the best fitted value in flat models is sigma_8=(0.7 \pm 0.06)
(\Omega_m/0.35)^{-0.44}(\Gamma/0.2)^{0.08}, where only the statistical error is
quoted. This is significantly lower than previously obtained values from the
local cluster abundance. This lower value for sigma_8 is in a better agreement
with cosmic microwave background and large scale structure constraints and
helps alleviate small scale problems of CDM models. Presently the systematic
uncertainties in the mass determination are still large, but ultimately this
method should provide a more reliable way to normalize the M-T relation. This
can be achieved by obtaining a larger sample of well measured cluster masses
out to a significant fraction of virial radius with BeppoSAX, Chandra and
XMM-Newton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148142 </DOCNO>
The Low Energy Limit of the Noncommutative Wess-Zumino Model


  The noncommutative Wess-Zumino model is used as a prototype for studying the
low energy behavior of a renormalizable noncommutative field theory. We start
by deriving the potentials mediating the fermion-fermion and boson-boson
interactions in the nonrelativistic regime. The quantum counterparts of these
potentials are afflicted by ordering ambiguities but we show that there exists
an ordering prescription which makes them Hermitean. For space/space
noncommutativity it turns out that Majorana fermions may be pictured as rods
oriented perpendicularly to the direction of motion showing a lack of locality,
while bosons remain insensitive to the effects of the noncommutativity. For
time/space noncommutativity bosons and fermions can be regarded as rods
oriented along the direction of motion. For both cases of noncommutativity the
scattering state describes scattered waves, with at least one wave having
negative time delay signaling the underlying nonlocality. The superfield
formulation of the model is used to compute the corresponding effective action
in the one- and two-loop approximations. In the case of time/space
noncommutativity, unitarity is violated in the relativistic regime. However,
this does not preclude the existence of a unitary low energy limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6947 </DOCNO>
Quantized pumped charge due to surface acoustic waves in a 1D channel


  The adiabatic pumped current through an unbiased one dimensional (1D)
channel, connected to two 1D leads and subject to surface acoustic waves (SAW),
is calculated exactly for non-interacting electrons. For a broad range of the
parameters, quantum interference generates a staircase structure of the
time-averaged current, similar to experimental observations. This corresponds
to integer values (in units of electronic charge) of the charge pumped during
each period of the SAW. We also find staircases for higher harmonics. Quantum
interference can thus replace Coulomb blockade in explaining the pumped charge
quantization, particularly in the SAW experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72700 </DOCNO>
The fastest rotating pulsar: A strange star?


  According to the observational limits on the radius and mass, the fastest
rotating pulsar (PSR 1937+21) is probably a strange star, or at least some
neutron star equations of state should be ruled out, if we suggest that a
dipole magnetic field is relevant to its radio emission. We presume that the
millisecond pulsar is a strange star with {\em much} low mass, small radius,
and weak magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98797 </DOCNO>
The Thom Class and Localization of SUSY QM Generating Functional


  We demonstrate the usage of explicit form of the Thom class found by Mathai
and Quillen for the definition of generating functional of a simple
supersymmetric quantum mechanical model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3664 </DOCNO>
Electron recombination with multicharged ions via chaotic many-electron


  We show that a dense spectrum of chaotic multiply-excited eigenstates can
play a major role in collision processes involving many-electron multicharged
ions. A statistical theory based on chaotic properties of the eigenstates
enables one to obtain relevant energy-averaged cross sections in terms of sums
over single-electron orbitals. Our calculation of the low-energy electron
recombination of Au$^{25+}$ shows that the resonant process is 200 times more
intense than direct radiative recombination, which explains the recent
experimental results of Hoffknecht {\em et al.} [J. Phys. B {\bf 31}, 2415
(1998)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126997 </DOCNO>
An irradiated accretion disk in the narrow-line Seyfert 1 RE J1034+396?


  We model the optical to X-ray continuum spectrum of the narrow-line Seyfert 1
galaxy RE J1034+396. We show that the flat optical spectrum is consistent with
emission from an irradiated accretion disk. The X-ray emission can be modelled
with a disk blackbody and a Comptonised component. The temperature at the inner
edge of the disk T_{in} = (0.12 +/- 0.02) keV. Using this constraint, we show
that the flat optical spectrum is consistent with emission from the
irradiatively heated outer part of the accretion disk. We constrain the outer
radius of the optically thick disk (R >~ 5 x 10^{16} cm) and the inner radius
of the irradiation-dominated region (R >~ 5 x 10^{12} cm). Our optical and
X-ray spectral fits indicate a mass 0.6 <~ M <~ 3 x 10^6 M_{sun}, and do not
rule out a low (i.e. face-on) inclination angle for the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150305 </DOCNO>
Superconformal Symmetry, Correlation Functions and the Operator Product


  Superconformal transformations are derived for the $\N=2,4 supermultiplets
corresponding to the simplest chiral primary operators. These are applied to
two, three and four point correlation functions. When $\N=4$, results are
obtained for the three point function of various descendant operators,
including the energy momentum tensor and SU(4) current. For both $\N=2$ or 4
superconformal identities are derived for the functions of the two conformal
invariants appearing in the four point function for the chiral primary
operator. These are solved in terms of a single arbitrary function of the two
conformal invariants and one or three single variable functions. The results
are applied to the operator product expansion using the exact formula for the
contribution of an operator in the operator product expansion in four
dimensions to a scalar four point function. Explicit expressions representing
exactly the contribution of both long and possible short supermultiplets to the
chiral primary four point function are obtained. These are applied to give the
leading perturbative and large N corrections to the scale dimensions of long
supermultiplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179711 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Calculation of Excluded Volume Effect for Nuclear Matter in


  Considering the finite volume of nucleons, a Lagrangian density is given. The
first order self-energy of the nucleon and the equation of state of nuclear
matter are calculated in the framework of relativistic mean-field
approximation. Our results indicate the effects of the volume of nucleons are
not negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125729 </DOCNO>
Unified model for quasar absorption line systems


  We propose a three component model consisting of minihalos and galactic halos
with embedded thin discs for absorbers producing all the observed classes of
intervening quasar absorption line systems. We show that this model, based on
CDM cosmology, can explain most of the observed statistical distributions of
various types of absorption systems. Use of the Schechter luminosity function
for absorbers, on the other hand, is consistent with the observations only if
the number of galaxies was larger in the past and reduced with time due to
mergers. A strong chemical evolution in the halos of galaxies is indicated by
the observed properties of CIV lines. We discuss our results in the light of
the recent observations of the absorption line systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3844 </DOCNO>
Thermal fluctuations correction to magnetization and specific heat of


  A systematic calculation of magnetization and specific heat contributions due
to fluctuations of vortex lattice in strongly type II superconductors to
precision of 1% is presented. We complete the calculation of the two loop low
temperature perturbation theory by including the umklapp processes. Then the
gaussian variational method is adapted to calculation of thermodynamic
characteristics of the 2D and the 3D vortex solids in high magnetic field.
Based on it as a starting point for a perturbation theory we calculate the
leading correction providing simultaneously an estimate of precision. The
results are compared to existing nonperturbative approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83607 </DOCNO>
The Anatomy of the Grid - Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations


  "Grid" computing has emerged as an important new field, distinguished from
conventional distributed computing by its focus on large-scale resource
sharing, innovative applications, and, in some cases, high-performance
orientation. In this article, we define this new field. First, we review the
"Grid problem," which we define as flexible, secure, coordinated resource
sharing among dynamic collections of individuals, institutions, and
resources-what we refer to as virtual organizations. In such settings, we
encounter unique authentication, authorization, resource access, resource
discovery, and other challenges. It is this class of problem that is addressed
by Grid technologies. Next, we present an extensible and open Grid
architecture, in which protocols, services, application programming interfaces,
and software development kits are categorized according to their roles in
enabling resource sharing. We describe requirements that we believe any such
mechanisms must satisfy, and we discuss the central role played by the
intergrid protocols that enable interoperability among different Grid systems.
Finally, we discuss how Grid technologies relate to other contemporary
technologies, including enterprise integration, application service provider,
storage service provider, and peer-to-peer computing. We maintain that Grid
concepts and technologies complement and have much to contribute to these other
approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168291 </DOCNO>
Ipso-information-transfer


  A tripartite system with entangled non-orthogonal states is used to transfer
retrievable or usable information without requiring an external channel,
ipso-information-transfer (IIT). The non-Schmidt decomposable entanglement
couples two independent interactions through which the information is
transferred between a pair of non-interacting components of the system. We
outline a dynamical model of IIT using localised particles. Implications for
quantum nonlocality are raised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97052 </DOCNO>
On the Complexity of Isomorphism Problems Related to Polytopes


  We show that the problem to decide whether two (convex) polytopes are
combinatorially isomorphic is graph isomorphism complete, even for simple or
simplicial polytopes. On the other hand, we give a polynomial time algorithm
for the polytope isomorphism problem in bounded dimension, which is based on
Luks' algorithm for the isomorphism problem of graphs of bounded maximal
degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7112 </DOCNO>
Strategies for Optimal Decision Guidance through Information Servic


  The coordinated and efficient distribution of limited resources by individual
decisions is a fundamental and unsolved problem. When individuals compete for
road capacities, time, space, money, etc., they normally take decisions based
on aggregate rather than complete information, such as TV news or stock market
indices. The resulting volatile decision dynamics and decision distribution are
often far from being optimal. By means of experiments, we have identified ways
of information presentation that can considerably improve the overall
performance of the system. We also present a stochastic behavioural description
allowing us to determine optimal strategies of decision guidance by means of
user-specific recommendations. These strategies manage to increase the
adaptibility to changing returns (payoffs) and to reduce the deviation from the
time-dependent user equilibrium, thereby enhancing the average and individual
outcomes. Hence, our guidance strategies can increase the performance of all
users by reducing overreaction and stabilizing decision behaviour. Our results
are significant for predicting decision behaviour, for reaching optimal
behavioural distributions by decision support systems, and for information
service providers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179258 </DOCNO>
Collective Dipole Bremsstrahlung in Fusion Reactions


  We estimate the dipole radiation emitted in fusion processes. We show that a
classical bremsstrahlung approach can account for both the preequilibrium and
the thermal photon emission. We give an absolute evaluation of the
pre-equilibrium component due to the charge asymmetry in the entrance channel
and we study the energy and mass dependence in order to optimize the
observation. This dynamical dipole radiation could be a relevant cooling
mechanism in the fusion path. We stress the interest in experiments with the
new available radioactive beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87054 </DOCNO>
Black Tori Solutions in Einstein and 5D Gravity


  The 'anholonomic frame' method (see gr-qc/0005025, gr-qc/0001060 and
hep-th/0110250) is applied for constructing new classes of exact solutions of
vacuum Einstein equations with off-diagonal metrics in 4D and 5D gravity. We
examine several black tori solutions generated by anholonomic transforms with
non-trivial topology of the Schwarzshild metric, which have a static toroidal
horizon. We define ansatz and parametrizations which contain warping factors,
running constants (in time and extra dimension coordinates) and effective
nonlinear gravitational polarizations. Such anisotropic vacuum toroidal
metrics, the first example was given in gr-qc/0005025, differ substantially
from the well known toroidal black holes (see hep-th/9511188 and gr-qc/9709013)
which were constructed as non-vacuum solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell gravity
with cosmological constant. Finally, we analyze two anisotropic 5D and 4D black
tori solutions with cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123797 </DOCNO>
Explaining the Gamma Ray Burst Lag/Luminosity and Variability/Luminosity


  Two different luminosity indicators have been recently proposed for Gamma Ray
Bursts that use the lag between light curve peaks with hard and soft photons as
well as the variability ('spikiness') of the burst light curve. Schaefer, Deng,
& Band have proven that both of these luminosity indicators are valid by
finding a lag/variability relation for 112 BATSE bursts. Here, I provide simple
and general explanations for both indicators. The lag/luminosity relation is a
consequence of conservation of energy when radiative cooling dominates. High
luminosity bursts cool rapidly so the lag between when hard and soft photons
peak is short, while low luminosity bursts cool slowly so the lag is long. The
variability/luminosity relation arises within internal shock models because the
luminosity and variability both scale as strong functions of the bulk
relativistic motion of the jet, Gamma. With luminosity roughly proportional to
Gamma^5 and variability scaling as Gamma^2, we get the luminosity being
correlated to variability just as the observed power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7308 </DOCNO>
Calculating the r^{-n} Interactions, 1<= n< 3, in a Periodic System with


  The $r^{-n}$ interaction energy, $1\leq n< 3$, for a infinitely periodic
system with explicit charges and a neutralizing, uniform background charge
density is derived. An Ewald based expression for this energy has an extra term
proportional to the square of the total explicit charges of the system. This
expression may be useful for simulations in which explicit charge neutrality
does not hold or for which the total explicit charges is a fluctuating
quantity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125413 </DOCNO>
Identification of A Transient Neutron Star in Quiescence in the Globular


  Using the Chandra/ACIS-I detector, we have identified an X-ray source (CXOU
132619.7-472910.8) in the globular cluster NGC 5139 with a thermal spectrum
identical to that observed from transiently accreting neutron stars in
quiescence. The absence of intensity variability on timescales as short as 4
seconds (< 25% rms variability) and as long as 5 years (<50% variability)
supports the identification of this source as a neutron star, most likely
maintained at a high effective temperature (approximately 1e6 K) by transient
accretion from a binary companion. The ability to spectrally identify quiescent
neutron stars in globular clusters (where the distance and interstellar column
densities are known) opens up new opportunities for precision neutron star
radius measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98082 </DOCNO>
Quasi-uniform approximation for the radial Schr\"odinger equation with


  The uniformly valid approximation to solutions of the radial Schr\"odinger
equation with power-law potentials are obtained by means of the explicit
summation of the leading constituent WKB series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125278 </DOCNO>
Low Albedos Among Extinct Comet Candidates


  We present radiometric effective radii and visual geometric albedos for six
asteroids in comet-like orbits. Our sample has three of the four known
retrograde asteroids (1999 LE31, 2000 DG8, and 2000 HE46) and three objects
((18916) 2000 OG44, 2000 PG3, and 2000 SB1) on prograde but highly elliptical
orbits. These measurements more than double the number of known albedos for
asteroids with a Tisserand invariant in the cometary regime. We find that all
six of our objects, and nine of the ten now known, have albedos that are as low
as those of active cometary nuclei, which is consistent with their supposed
evolutionary connection to that group. This albedo distribution is distinct
from that of the whole near-Earth and unusual asteroid population, and the
strong correlation between Tisserand invariant and albedo suggests there is a
significant cometary contribution to this asteroid population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73188 </DOCNO>
Gauge dependence of the on-shell renormalized mixing matrices


  It was recently pointed out that the on-shell renormalization of the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix in the method by Denner and Sack causes
a gauge parameter dependence of the amplitudes. We analyze the gauge dependence
of the on-shell renormalization of the mixing matrices both for fermions and
scalars in general cases, at the one-loop level. We then show that this gauge
dependence can be avoided by fixing the counterterms for the mixing matrices in
terms of the off-diagonal wave function corrections for fermions and scalars
after a rearrangement, in a similar manner to the pinch technique for gauge
bosons. We finally present explicit calculation of the gauge dependence for two
cases: CKM matrix in the Standard Model, and left-right mixing of scalar quarks
in the minimal supersymmetric standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128900 </DOCNO>
A comparison of the anelastic and subseismic approximations for


  After showing that the anelastic approximation is better than the subseismic
one to filter out acoustic waves when studying low-frequency stellar
oscillations, we compute gravito-inertial modes of a typical Gamma-Doradus star
using this approximation. We show that eigenmodes can be regular or singular,
according to the possible focusing towards attractors of the underlying
characteristics. Consequences on the oscillations spectrum are then discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72690 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Lambda polarization in muon neutrino charged current


  The Lambda polarization in muon neutrino charged current interactions has
been measured in the NOMAD experiment. We observe negative polarization along
the W - boson direction which is enhanced in the target fragmentation region:
  Px (xF < 0) = -0.21 +/- 0.04(stat) +/- 0.02(sys). In the current
fragmentation region we find: Px (xF > 0) = -0.09 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.03(sys).
These results provide a test of different models describing the nucleon spin
composition and the spin transfer mechanisms. A significant transverse
polarization (in the direction orthogonal to the Lambda production plane) has
been observed for the first time in a neutrino experiment: Py = -0.22 +/-
0.03(stat) +/- 0.01(sys). The dependence of the absolute value of Py on the
Lambda transverse momentum with respect to the hadronic jet direction is in
qualitative agreement with the results from unpolarized hadron-hadron
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76529 </DOCNO>
Hard Inelastic Interactions at Parton and Hadron Level


  In the study of multiple scattering of partons in hadron-hadron collisions
the possibility of a hard inelastic process at the parton level is included in
its simplest possible way, $i.e.$ including the $2 \to 3$ transition.
  The specific physical process to which the treatment is applied is the
inelastic collision of a nucleon with a heavy nucleus

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 391 </DOCNO>
Vertical Density Matrix Algorithm: A Higher-Dimensional Numerical


  We present a new algorithm to calculate the thermodynamic quantities of
three-dimensional (3D) classical statistical systems, based on the ideas of the
tensor product state and the density matrix renormalization group. We represent
the maximum-eigenvalue eigenstate of the transfer matrix as the product of
local tensors which are iteratively optimized by the use of the ``vertical
density matrix'' formed by cutting the system along the transfer direction.
This algorithm, which we call vertical density matrix algorithm (VDMA), is
successfully applied to the 3D Ising model. Using the Suzuki-Trotter
transformation, we can also apply the VDMA to two-dimensional (2D) quantum
systems, which we demonstrate for the 2D transverse field Ising model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3016 </DOCNO>
Charge Dynamics in the Colossal Magneto-Resistance Pyrochlore Tl2Mn2O7


  Optical conductivity data s(w) of the colossal magneto-resistance (CMR)
pyrochlore Tl2Mn2O7 are presented as functions of temperature (T) and
externalmagnetic field (B). Upon cooling and upon applying B near the
Curietemperature, where the CMR manifests itself, s(w) shows a clear transition
from an insulatorlike to a metallic electronic structure as evidenced by
theemergence of a pronounced Drude-like component below 0.2 eV. Analyses on
thes(w) spectra show that both T- and B-induced evolutions of the
electronicstructure are very similar to each other, and that they are
universally related to the development of macroscopic magnetization (M). In
particular, the effective carrier density obtained from s(w) scales with M^2
over wide ranges of T and B. The contributions to the CMR from the carrier
effective mass and scattering time are also evaluated from the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125621 </DOCNO>
Ionization and Velocity Structure in the Supernova Remnant E0102-72


  The High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) Spectrometer aboard the Chandra
X-Ray Observatory was used to observe E0102-72, a ~1000 year old, oxygen rich
supernova in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The HETG disperses the image of the
remnant into a spectrum of images in the light of individual X-ray emission
lines. Doppler shifts in the strongest lines of oxygen and neon reveal bulk
motions of up to 2000 km/sec with a complex morphology. Comparison of
progressive ionization stages of magnesium, neon, oxygen and silicon provide
new insights into the mechanism of the `reverse shock' that heats the stellar
ejecta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126085 </DOCNO>
The Las Campanas/AAT Rich Cluster Survey I: Precision and Reliability of


  The Las Campanas Observatory and Anglo--Australian Telescope Rich Cluster
Survey (LARCS) is a panoramic imaging and spectroscopic survey of an X-ray
luminosity-selected sample of 21 clusters of galaxies at 0.07<z<0.16. CCD
imaging was obtained in B and R of typically 2-degree wide regions centred on
the 21 clusters, and the galaxy sample selected from the imaging is being used
for an on-going spectroscopic survey of the clusters with the 2dF spectrograph
on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. This paper presents the reduction of the
imaging data and the photometric analysis used in the survey. Based on an
overlapping area of 12.3 square degrees, we compare the CCD-based LARCS
catalogue with the photographic-based galaxy catalogue used for the input to
the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) from the APM, to the completeness of
the GRS/APM catalogue, b_J=19.45. This comparison confirms the reliability of
the photometry across our mosaics and between the clusters in our survey. This
comparison also provides useful information about the properties of the
GRS/APM. The stellar contamination in the GRS/APM galaxy catalogue is confirmed
to be around 5-10 percent, as originally estimated. However, using the superior
sensitivity and spatial resolution in the LARCS survey, we find evidence for
four distinct populations of galaxies that are systematically omitted from the
GRS/APM catalogue. The characteristics of the `missing' galaxy populations are
described, reasons for their absence examined and the impact they will have on
the conclusions drawn from the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40857 </DOCNO>
Time-dependent angular analyses of B decays


  When both B0 and B0bar can decay to the same final state composed of two
vectors, the interference between them and those among three polarization
states result in intricate phenomena. In this note we derive the time and
angular distributions for general B to Va Vb processes in a form convenient for
actual analyses. We then apply them to specific examples and clarify the CP
violating parameters obtainable in the D* rho and J/\psi K* final states. The
time distributions for the D*pi final states are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2045 </DOCNO>
An Investigation of Orientational Symmetry-Breaking Mechanisms in High


  The principal axes of the recently discovered anisotropic phases of 2D
electron systems at high Landau level occupancy are consistently oriented
relative to the crystal axes of the host semiconductor. The nature of the
native rotational symmetry breaking field responsible for this preferential
orientation remains unknown. Here we report on experiments designed to
investigate the origin and magnitude of this symmetry breaking field. Our
results suggest that neither micron-scale surface roughness features nor the
precise symmetry of the quantum well potential confining the 2D system are
important factors. By combining tilted field transport measurements with
detailed self-consistent calculations we estimate that the native anisotropy
energy, whatever its origin, is typically ~ 1 mK per electron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6248 </DOCNO>
Temperature and Field Dependence of the Energy Gap of MgB2/Pb planar


  We have constructed MgB2/Pb planar junctions for both temperature and field
dependence studies. Our results show that the small gap is a true bulk property
of MgB2 superconductor, not due to surface effects. The temperature dependence
of the energy gap manifests a nearly BCS-like behavior. Analysis of the effect
of magnetic field on junctions suggests that the energy gap of MgB2 depends
non-linearly on the magnetic field. Moreover, MgB2 has an upper critical field
of 15 T, in agreement with some reported Hc2 from transport measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123640 </DOCNO>
A universal law for tails of density pdf's in multi-dimensional Burgers


  Extending work of E, Khanin, Mazel and Sinai (1997 PRL 78:1904-1907) on the
one-dimensional Burgers equation, we show that density pdf's have universal
power-law tails with exponent -7/2. This behavior stems from singularities,
other than shocks, whose nature is quite different in one and several
dimensions. We briefly discuss the possibility of detecting singularities of
Navier-Stokes turbulence using pdf tails.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123596 </DOCNO>
Caltech Faint Galaxy Redshift Survey XIII: Spectral Energy Distributions


  We introduce a new empirical function for modeling the spectral energy
distributions of galaxies. We apply it to a sample of 590 galaxies in the
region of the HDF with $z < 1.5$ using multi-color photometry with wide
wavelength coverage combined with spectroscopic redshifts from our 93% complete
R-selected redshift survey there. We find the following: As expected, galaxies
with strong signs of recent star formation (i.e. those which show emission
lines) have bluer continua in both the rest frame UV and the
optical/near-infrared. The redder galaxies tend to be more luminous. The SEDs
of actively star forming galaxies become bluer in the mean in the rest-frame UV
at higher redshift, which trend might arise from SED modeling errors. Aside
from this, we discern no change with redshift in the relationship between SED
characteristics and galaxy spectral type based on the strength of narrow
emission and absorption features. There is no evidence in our R-selected sample
that supports the existence of a substantial population of very dusty star
forming galaxies at z < 1.5. The overall pattern of the L(K) - z relationship
suggests that passive evolution at constant stellar mass is a good
approximation to the actual behavior of at least the most luminous galaxies in
this large sample of galaxies in the region of the HDF out to z \sim 1.5.
(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179069 </DOCNO>
Excitation Spectrum in the Friedberg-Lee Model


  The excitation spectrum of the nucleon with the spin 1/2 is examined by using
the Friedberg-Lee model containing the constituent quark and the scalar meson.
 An appropriate way of quantization for the non-linear meson field is employed
by taking account of the non-topological soliton existed in the classical
level.
 Our model space for the nucleon resonances includes the three-quark plus
one-meson state in addition to the pure three-quark state.
 The excitation spectrum in this model space shows that the positive parity
state appears as the first excited state associated with the 0s-excitation of
the scalar meson.
 The meson excitation also generates the additional negative parity state apart
from the well-known 0p-excitation of the quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87304 </DOCNO>
Infinitely many star products to play with


  While there has been growing interest for noncommutative spaces in recent
times, most examples have been based on the simplest noncommutative algebra:
[x_i,x_j]=i theta_{ij}. Here we present new classes of (non-formal) deformed
products associated to linear Lie algebras of the kind [x_i,x_j]=ic_{ij}^k x_k.
For all possible three-dimensional cases, we define a new star product and
discuss its properties. To complete the analysis of these novel noncommutative
spaces, we introduce noncompact spectral triples, and the concept of star
triple, a specialization of the spectral triple to deformations of the algebra
of functions on a noncompact manifold. We examine the generalization to the
noncompact case of Connes' conditions for noncommutative spin geometries, and,
in the framework of the new star products, we exhibit some candidates for a
Dirac operator. On the technical level, properties of the Moyal multiplier
algebra M(R_\theta^{2n) are elucidated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76581 </DOCNO>
Associated production of sfermions and gauginos at high-energy $e^+e^-$


  In the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model,
we analyze the production at future high-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders of second
and third generation scalar leptons as well as scalar quarks in association
with neutralinos and charginos, $e^+e^-\to f\tilde{f}\chi$. In the case of
third generation squarks, we also discuss the associated production with
gluinos. We show that the cross sections for some of these three-body final
state processes could be significant enough to allow for the detection of
scalar fermions with masses above the kinematical two--body threshold,
$\sqrt{s}= 2m_{\tilde{f}}$. We then discuss, taking as a reference example the
case of scalar muons, the production cross sections in various approximations
and make a comparison with the full four-body production process, $e^+e^- \to
f\bar{f} \chi \chi$, in particular around the two-sfermion threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2261 </DOCNO>
Observation of vortex phase singularities in Bose-Einstein condensates


  We have observed phase singularities due to vortex excitation in
Bose-Einstein condensates. Vortices were created by moving a laser beam through
a condensate. They were observed as dislocations in the interference fringes
formed by the stirred condensate and a second unperturbed condensate. The
velocity dependence for vortex excitation and the time scale for
re-establishing a uniform phase across the condensate were determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72667 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium Spectroscopy and Perturbative QCD: A New Perspective


  We study the energy spectrum of bottomonium in perturbative QCD, taking
alpha_s(Mz)=0.1181 +/- 0.0020 as input and fixing m_b^{MSbar}(m_b^{MSbar}) on
the Upsilon(1S) mass. Contrary to wide beliefs, perturbative QCD reproduces
reasonably well the gross structure of the spectrum as long as the coupling
constant remains smaller than one. We perform a detailed analysis and discuss
the size of non-perturbative effects. A new qualitative picture on the
structure of the bottomonium spectrum is provided. The lowest-lying (c,cbar)
and (b,cbar) states are also examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129027 </DOCNO>
Deep inside the core of Abell 1795: the Chandra view


  We present X-ray spatial and spectral analysis of the Chandra data from the
central 400 kpc (H0 = 50 km/s/Mpc) of the cluster of galaxies Abell 1795. The
plasma temperature rises outwards by a factor of 3, whereas the iron abundance
decreases by a factor of 4. The spatial distribution of Oxygen, Neon, Sulphur,
Silicon and Iron shows that supernovae Type Ia dominate the metal enrichment
process of the cluster plasma within the inner 150 kpc. Resolving both the gas
density and temperature in 9 radial bins, we recover the gravitational mass
density profile and show that it flattens within 100 kpc as rho_DM \propto
r^{-0.6} with a power law index flatter than -1 at >3 sigma level. The observed
motion of the central galaxy and the presence of excesses and deficits along
the North-South direction in the brightness distribution indicate that the
central cluster region is not relaxed. In the absence of any non-gravitational
heating source, the data from the inner ~200 kpc indicate the presence of a
cooling flow with an integrated mass deposition rate of about 100 Msun/yr. Over
the same cluster region, the observed rate of 74 Msun/yr is consistent with the
recent XMM Reflection Grating Spectrometer limit of 150 Msun/yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1140 </DOCNO>
Negative Resistance and Local Charge-Density-Wave Dynamics


  Charge-density-wave dynamics is studied on a submicron length scale in NbSe_3
and o-TaS_3. Regions of negative absolute resistance are observed in the CDW
sliding regime at sufficiently low temperatures. The origin of the negative
resistance is attributed to the different forces that the deformed CDW and
quasi-particles feel: the force on the CDW is merely caused by a difference of
the electric potentials, while the quasi-particle current is governed by a
difference of the electrochemical potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124252 </DOCNO>
Effects of non-thermal tails in Maxwellian electron distributions on


  We investigate how the presence of a non-thermal tail beyond a Maxwellian
electron distribution affects the synchrotron process as well as Comptonization
in plasmas with parameters typical for accretion flows onto black holes. We
find that the presence of the tail can significantly increase the net (after
accounting for self-absorption) cyclo-synchrotron emission of the plasma, which
emission then provides seed photons for Compton upscattering. Thus, the
luminosity in the thermally-Comptonized spectrum is enhanced as well. The
importance of these effects increases with both increasing Eddington ratio and
the black hole mass. The enhancement of the Comptonized synchrotron luminosity
can be as large as by factors of $\sim 10^3$ and $\sim 10^5$ for stellar and
supermassive black holes, respectively, when the energy content in the
non-thermal tail is 1 per cent.
  The presence of the tail only weakly hardens the thermal Comptonization
spectrum but it leads to formation of a high-energy tail beyond the thermal
cut-off, which two effects are independent of the nature of the seed photons.
Since observations of high-energy tails in Comptonization spectra can constrain
the non-thermal tails in the electron distribution and thus the Comptonized
synchrotron luminosity, they provide upper limits on the strength of magnetic
fields in accretion flows. In particular, the measurement of an MeV tail in the
hard state of Cyg X-1 by McConnell et al. implies the magnetic field strength
in this source to be at most an order of magnitude below equipartition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75623 </DOCNO>
Implications of the SNO and the Homestake Results for the BOREXINO


  Using the recent result of the SNO solar neutrino experiment, we have
demonstrated in a model independent way that the contribution of Be-7 and other
medium energy neutrinos to the event rate of the Homestake experiment is 4
sigma smaller than the BP2000 SSM prediction. We have considered the
implications of this result for the future BOREXINO experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179136 </DOCNO>
Continuum QRPA in the coordinate space representation


  We formulate a quasi-particle random phase approximation (QRPA) in the
coordinate space representation. This model is a natural extension of the RPA
model of Shlomo and Bertsch to open-shell nuclei in order to take into account
pairing correlations together with the coupling to the continuum. We apply it
to the $^{120}$Sn nucleus and show that low-lying excitation modes are
significantly influenced by the pairing effects although the effects are
marginal in the giant resonance region. The dependence of the pairing effect on
the parity of low-lying collective mode is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77150 </DOCNO>
A Gauge-Invariant Color Charge in QCD


  A gauge-invariant color-charge operator is defined and related to an integral
of the gauge-invariant chromoelectric field over a closed surface. We discuss
the case of a surface all of whose points are a macroscopic distance from a
system of quarks and gluons which it entirely surrounds. When this system of
quarks and gluons forms a hadron or an object composed of hadrons, such as a
nucleus, it is argued that the gauge-invariant color charge enclosed within
this surface must vanish and the system of hadrons in the interior of the
surface must be a color singlet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86366 </DOCNO>
Quantum M^2 -> 2Lambda/3 discontinuity for massive gravity with a Lambda


  In a previous paper we showed that the absence of the van
Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity as M^2 -> 0 for massive spin-2 with a Lambda
term is an artifact of the tree approximation, and that the discontinuity
reappears at one loop, as a result of going from five degrees of freedom to
two. In this paper we show that a similar classical continuity but quantum
discontinuity arises in the "partially massless" limit M^2 -> 2Lambda/3, as a
result of going from five degrees of freedom to four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2951 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Description of Resistive Behavior near a Quantum


  Resistive behaviors at nonzero temperatures (T > 0) reflecting a quantum
vortex-glass (VG) transition (the so-called field-tuned
superconductor-insulator transition at T=0) are studied based on a quantum
Ginzburg-Landau (GL) action for a s-wave pairing case containing microscopic
details. The ordinary dissipative dynamics of the pair-field is assumed on the
basis of a consistency between the fluctuation conductance terms excluded from
GL approach and an observed negative magnetoresistance. It is shown that the VG
contribution, G_{vg}(B=B_{vg}, T \to 0),to 2D fluctuation conductance at the VG
transition field B_{vg} depends on the strength of a repulsive-interaction
between electrons and takes a universal value only in the ordinary dirty limit
neglecting the electron-repulsion. Available resistivity data near B_{vg} are
discussed based on our results, and extensions to the cases of a d-wave pairing
and of 3D systems are briefly commented on.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41675 </DOCNO>
Probing neutrino oscillations jointly in long and very long baseline


  We examine the prospects of making a joint analysis of neutrino oscillation
at two baselines with neutrino superbeams. Assuming narrow band superbeams and
a 100 kt water Cerenkov calorimeter, we calculate the event rates and
sensitivities to the matter effect, the signs of the neutrino mass differences,
the CP phase and the mixing angle \theta_{13}. Taking into account all possible
experimental errors under general consideration, we explored the optimum cases
of narrow band beam to measure the matter effect and the CP violation effect at
all baselines up to 3000 km. We then focus on two specific baselines, a long
baseline of 300 km and a very long baseline of 2100 km, and analyze their joint
capabilities. We found that the joint analysis can offer extra leverage to
resolve some of the ambiguities that are associated with the measurement at a
single baseline.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150042 </DOCNO>
Black holes with complex multi-string configurations


  New exact solutions of Einstein equations which describe black hole with
radial cosmic strings are constructed in the paper. The case of infinitely thin
strings and the case of delocalized strings are considered. The case of
delocalized strings allows generalization to dimensions greater than 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77119 </DOCNO>
Future Low x Physics and Facilities


  A brief overview is given on the physics and future lepton-nucleon collider
facilities to explore the domain of high parton densities at low Bjorken $x$,
with HERA, the electron-ion collider (EIC) and with THERA - in $ep$, polarised
$\overrightarrow{e} \overrightarrow{N}$ and $eA$ mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86277 </DOCNO>
Anomalies In The beta-decay Processes And The Pulse Strong-Current


  Parity nonconservation in the beta-decay processes is considered as
fundamental property of weak interactions. Nevertheless, this property can be
treated as anomaly, because in fundamental interactions of the rest types
parity is conserved. Analogously, anomaly in the short-duration strong-current
pulse discharges is well known. The essence of this phenomenon consists in
generation of local high-temperature plasma formations (LHTF) with the typical
values of its thermodynamical parameters exceeding those related to the central
section of a discharge. In this paper, an attempt is undertaken to treat these
anomalies as manifestation of fundamental properties of gravitational emission.
Some consequences of this assumption can be tested in the beta-decay
experiments as well as in the experiments with short-duration z-pinch-type
pulse discharges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41453 </DOCNO>
Summary Report of the Spin Physics Working Group


  The contributions to the Spin Physics WG are summarized. Several new
experimental results and plans for new measurements have been reported. An
improved theoretical understanding of the most recent hot topics in spin
physics has been discussed by many authors especially in the new fields of the
transversity and generalized parton distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125758 </DOCNO>
Studies of Hard X-ray Tails in Z sources with RXTE/HEXTE


  We report RXTE results of spectral analyses of three (Sco X-1, GX 349+2, and
Cyg X-2) out of the 6 known Z sources, with emphasis in the hard X-ray
emission. No hard X-ray tails were found for Cyg X-2 (< 8.4E-5 photons cm**-2
s**-1, 50-100 keV, 3 sigma) and for GX 349+2 (< 7.9E-5 photons cm**-2 s**-1,
50-100 keV, 3 sigma). For Sco X-1 a variable hard X-ray tail (with an average
flux of 2.0E-3 photons cm**-2 s**-1, 50-100 keV) has already been reported. We
compare our results to reported detections of a hard component in the spectrum
of Cyg X-2 and GX 349+2. We argue that, taking into account all the results on
detections of hard X-ray tails in Sco X-1 and GX 349+2, the appearance of such
a component is correlated with the brightness of the thermal component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75664 </DOCNO>
Implications of CP Asymmetry Limits for $B \to K \pi$ and $B \to \pi


  Recent experimental limits for the direct CP asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^+
\pi^-$, $B^+ \to K^+ \pi^0$, $B^+ \to K^0 \pi^+$, and $B^0 \to \pi^+ \pi^-$,
and for the indirect CP asymmetry in $B^0 \to \pi^+ \pi^-$, are combined with
information on CP-averaged branching ratios to shed light on weak and strong
phases. At present such bounds favor $\gamma \ge 60^\circ$ at the $1 \sigma$
level. The prospects for further improvements are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113781 </DOCNO>
Microwave Background, Backgrounds Hierarchy - Polyphony of Universe


  We discuss the structure, physical nature, dynamic genesis of clearly
detected diffuse backgrounds (radiations) in the Universe. From the point of
view of Wave Universe concept it is shown, that observed Backgrounds Hierarchy
(Polyphony of Universe) is close connected and causely determined by the sound
velocity Hierarchy of the physical medium, cosmic (polycomponent) plasma. The
well-known Microwave Background (Cosmic Background Radiation - CBR) corresponds
to the F[3] Background, that is characterized by the calculated sound velocity
C*[3]=11.483 km/s, by the calculated temperature T*[3]=2.9 grad.K and by
wavelength of the radiation intensity maximum lambda*[3]=1 mm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123895 </DOCNO>
Radio Properties of Infrared Selected Galaxies in the IRAS 2 Jy Sample


  The radio counterparts to the IRAS Redshift Survey galaxies are identified in
the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) catalog. Our new catalog of the infrared
flux-limited (S60 >= 2 Jy) complete sample of 1809 galaxies lists accurate
radio positions, redshifts, and 1.4 GHz radio and IRAS fluxes. This sample is
six times larger in size and five times deeper in redshift coverage (to z ~
0.15) compared with those used in earlier studies of the radio and far-infrared
(FIR) properties of galaxies in the local volume. The well known radio-FIR
correlation is obeyed by the overwhelming majority (>98%) of the
infrared-selected galaxies, and the radio AGNs identified by their excess radio
emission constitute only about 1% of the sample, independent of the IR
luminosity. These FIR-selected galaxies can account for the entire population
of late-type field galaxies in the local volume, and their radio continuum may
be used directly to infer the extinction-free star formation rate in most
cases. Both the 1.4 GHz radio and 60 micron infrared luminosity functions are
reasonably well described by linear sums of two Schechter functions, one
representing normal, late-type field galaxies and the second representing
starbursts and other luminous infrared galaxies. The integrated FIR luminosity
density for the local volume is 4.8+/-0.5 x 10^7 L(sun) per Mpc^3, less than
10% of which is contributed by the luminous infrared galaxies with L(FIR) >
10^{11} L(sun) . The inferred extinction-free star formation density for the
local volume is 0.015 +/- 0.005 solar mass per year per Mpc^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76451 </DOCNO>
Critical phenomena of thick branes in warped spacetimes


  We have investigated the effects of a generic bulk first-order phase
transition on the dynamics of thick Minkowski branes in warped geometries. We
have found that, as occurs in an Euclidean spacetime, a film of disordered
phase appears between two ordered bulk phases as the phase transition is
approached. Thus, interfaces separating two ordered phases split into two
interfaces of ordered-disordered phases. A remarkable and distinctive feature
is that the critical temperature of the phase transition is lowered due to pure
geometrical effects. We have studied a variety of critical exponents which
describe the universal aspects of the transition and the evolution of the
transverse-traceless sector of the metric fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5564 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Resonance in Spatially Extended Systems: The Role of Far from


  Previous works have shown numerically that the response of a ``stochastic
resonator'' is enhanced as a consequence of spatial coupling. Also, similar
results have been obtained in a reaction-diffusion model by studying the
phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) in spatially extended systems using
"nonequilibrium potential" (NEP) techniques. The knowledge of the NEP for such
systems allows us to determine the probability for the decay of the metastable
extended states, and approximate expressions for the correlation function and
the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here, exploiting known forms of the NEP, we
have investigated the role of NEP's symmetry on SR, the enhancement of the SNR
due to a "selectivity" of the coupling or diffusion parameter, and discussed
competition between local and nonlocal (excitatory) coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2800 </DOCNO>
Are EUR and GBP different words for the same currency ?


  The British Pound (GBP) is not part of the Euro (EUR) monetary system. In
order to find out arguments on whether GBP should join the EUR or not
correlations are calculated between GBP and EUR, including a reconstructed EUR
for the time interval from 1993 till June 30, 2000. The distribution of
fluctuations of the exchange rates is Gaussian for the central part of the
distribution, but has fat tails for the large size fluctuations. Within the
Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) statistical method the power law behaviour
describing the root-mean-square deviation of the exchange rate fluctuations is
obtained as a function of time for the time interval of interest. The
time-dependent exponent evolution of the exchange rate fluctuations is given.
Statistical considerations imply that the GBP is already behaving as a true
EUR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74585 </DOCNO>
Peculiar effects in the combination of neutrino decay and neutrino


  In this talk, we will demonstrate some concepts of a simultaneous treatment
of neutrino decays and neutrino oscillations in an illustrative manner. This
includes topics such as phase coherence discussions and time delay effects of
massive supernova neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1642 </DOCNO>
Clusters and Recurrence in the Two-Dimensional Zero-Temperature


  We analyze clustering and (local) recurrence of a standard Markov process
model of spatial domain coarsening. The continuous time process, whose state
space consists of assignments of +1 or -1 to each site in ${\bf Z}^2$, is the
zero-temperature limit of the stochastic homogeneous Ising ferromagnet (with
Glauber dynamics): the initial state is chosen uniformly at random and then
each site, at rate one, polls its 4 neighbors and makes sure it agrees with the
majority, or tosses a fair coin in case of a tie. Among the main results
(almost sure, with respect to both the process and initial state) are: clusters
(maximal domains of constant sign) are finite for times $t< \infty$, but the
cluster of a fixed site diverges (in diameter) as $t \to \infty$; each of the
two constant states is (positive) recurrent. We also present other results and
conjectures concerning positive and null recurrence and the role of absorbing
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179638 </DOCNO>
Sideward Peak of Intermediate Mass Fragments in High Energy Proton


  Intermediate mass fragment (IMF) formation in the 12 GeV proton induced
reaction on Au target is analyzed by using a combined framework of a transport
model (JAM/MF) and a newly developed non-equilibrium percolation (NEP) model.
In this model, we can well reproduce the mass distribution of fragments. In
addition, the sideward peaked angular distribution would emerge under the
condition that the fragment formation time is very short, around 20 fm/c.
Within this short time period, the un-heated part of the residual nucleus is
kept to have doughnut shape, then the Coulomb repulsion from this shape
strengthens the sideward peak of IMF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87260 </DOCNO>
Spacetime Warps for Spinning Particles Possible?


  By incorporating spinning particles into the framework of classical General
Relativity, the theory is changed insofar, as, though using holonome
coordinates, the connexion becomes asymmetrical. This implies, that partial
derivatives do not commute any longer. Hence, the class of functions under
consideration has to be extended. A non-minimal extension leads to the
possibility of spacetime warps for spinning particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75233 </DOCNO>
Rapidity dependence of large-p_t hadron production at RHIC


  We study the dependence of parton energy loss (quenching) on rapidity in
ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC. This can provides invaluable
information on the density of the medium, which should be more dilute going
away from mid-rapidity, thereby reducing the effect of quenching. We predict a
clear effect at moderate transverse momenta $\sim$ 3 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96973 </DOCNO>
Counting equivalence classes of irreducible representations


  Let $n$ be a positive integer, and let $R$ be a (possibly infinite
dimensional) finitely presented algebra over a computable field of
characteristic zero. We describe an algorithm for deciding (in principle)
whether $R$ has at most finitely many equivalence classes of $n$-dimensional
irreducible representations. When $R$ does have only finitely many such
equivalence classes, they can be effectively counted (assuming that $k[x]$
posesses a factoring algorithm).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179083 </DOCNO>
Self-energy Effects in the Superfluidity of Neutron Matter


  The superfluidity of neutron matter in the channel $^1 S_0$ is studied by
taking into account the effect of the ground-state correlations in the
self-energy. To this purpose the gap equation has been solved within the
generalized Gorkov approach. A sizeable suppression of the energy gap is driven
by the quasi-particle strength around the Fermi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179390 </DOCNO>
Microscopic derivation of N(Delta)-pi scattering lengths


  A general expression for the pi -N and pi-Delta scattering lengths is derived
in the framework of a microscopic calculation. Numerical values for these
scattering lengths are given. Predictions for the couplings g pi Delta Delta*
and g pi N N* are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5601 </DOCNO>
Coherence length in superconductors from weak to strong coupling


  We study the evolution of the superconducting coherence length $\xi_0$ from
weak to strong coupling, both within a s-wave and a d-wave lattice model. We
show that the identification of $\xi_0$ with the Cooper-pair size $\xi_{pair}$
in the weak-coupling regime is meaningful only for a fully-gapped (e.g.,
s-wave) superconductor. Instead in the d-wave superconductor, where
$\xi_{pair}$ diverges, we show that $\xi_0$ is properly defined as the
characteristic length scale for the correlation function of the modulus of the
superconducting order parameter. The strong-coupling regime is quite
intriguing, since the interplay between particle-particle and particle-hole
channel is no more negligible. In the case of s-wave pairing, which allows for
an analytical treatment, we show that $\xi_0$ is of order of the lattice
spacing at finite densities. In the diluted regime $\xi_0$ diverges, recovering
the behavior of the coherence length of a weakly interacting effective bosonic
system. Similar results are expected to hold for d-wave superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149974 </DOCNO>
dS/CFT Duality on the Brane with a Topological Twist


  We consider a brane universe in an asymptotically de Sitter background
spacetime of arbitrary dimensionality. In particular, the bulk spacetime is
described by a ``topological de Sitter'' solution, which has recently been
investigated by Cai, Myung and Zhang. In the current study, we begin by showing
that the brane evolution is described by Friedmann-like equations for radiative
matter. Next, on the basis of the dS/CFT correspondence, we identify the
thermodynamic properties of the brane universe. We then demonstrate that many
(if not all) of the holographic aspects of analogous AdS-bulk scenarios
persist. These include a (generalized) Cardy-Verlinde form for the CFT entropy
and various coincidences when the brane crosses the cosmological horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86341 </DOCNO>
Gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries: Energy flux to


  The multipolar-post-Minkowskian approach to gravitational radiation is
applied to the problem of the generation of waves by the compact binary
inspiral. We investigate specifically the third post-Newtonian (3PN)
approximation in the total energy flux. The new results are the computation of
the mass quadrupole moment of the binary to the 3PN order, and the current
quadrupole and mass octupole to the 2PN order. Wave tails and tails of tails in
the far zone are included up to the 3.5PN order. The recently derived 3PN
equations of binary motion are used to compute the time-derivatives of the
moments. We find perfect agreement to the 3.5PN order with perturbation
calculations of black holes in the test-mass limit for one body. Technical
inputs in our computation include a model of point particles for describing the
compact objects, and the Hadamard self-field regularization. Because of a
physical incompleteness of the Hadamard regularization at the 3PN order, the
energy flux depends on one unknown physical parameter, which is a combination
of a parameter \lambda in the equations of motion, and a new parameter \theta
coming from the quadrupole moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41851 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Explanation for the Puzzling Bottom Quark Production Cross


  It has been known for a long time that the cross section for bottom-quark $b$
production at hadron collider energies exceeds theoretical expectations. An
additional contribution from pair-production of light gluinos $\tilde{g}$, of
mass 12 to 16 GeV, with two-body decays into bottom quarks and light bottom
squarks $\tilde{b}$, helps to obtain a $b$ production rate in better agreement
with data. The masses of the $\tilde{g}$ and $\tilde{b}$ are restricted further
by the ratio of like-sign to opposite-sign leptons at hadron colliders.
Constraints on this scenario from other data are examined, and predictions are
made for various processes such as Upsilon decay into $\tilde{b}'s$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123491 </DOCNO>
The Evolutionary Status of Isolated Dwarf Irregular Galaxies II. Star


  The results of UBV and H alpha imaging of a large sample of isolated dwarf
irregular galaxies are interpreted in the context of composite stellar
population models. The observed optical colors are best fit by composite
stellar populations which have had approximately constant star formation rates
for at least 10 Gyr. The galaxies span a range of central surface brightness,
from 20.5 to 25.0 mag arcsec^{-2}; there is no correlation between surface
brightness and star formation history. Although the current star formation
rates are low, it is possible to reproduce the observed luminosities without a
major starburst episode. The derived gas depletion timescales are long,
typically ~20 Gyr. These results indicate that dwarf irregular galaxies will be
able to continue with their slow, but constant, star formation activity for at
least another Hubble time.
  The sample of isolated dIs is compared to a sample of star bursting dwarf
galaxies taken from the literature. The star bursting dwarf galaxies have many
similar properties; the main difference between these two types of gas-rich
dwarf galaxies is that the current star formation is concentrated in the center
of the star bursting systems while it is much more distributed in the quiescent
dIs. This results in pronounced color gradients for the starbursting dwarf
galaxies, while the majority of the quiescent dwarf irregular galaxies have
minor or non-existent color gradients. Thus, the combination of low current
star formation rates, blue colors, and the lack of significant color gradients
indicates that star formation percolates slowly across the disk of normal dwarf
galaxies in a quasi-continuous manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124988 </DOCNO>
The Jet and the Supernova in GRB990712


  The optical light curve of the afterglow following the gamma-ray burst
GRB990712 is re-examined. Recently published polarization measurements of that
source require a collimated outflow geometry that in turn predicts a break in
the light curve. We show that the V-band light curve is consistent with such a
break and that the post-break light curve evolution is dominated by a supernova
contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149761 </DOCNO>
Bethe Ansatz solution of the open XX spin chain with nondiagonal


  We consider the integrable open XX quantum spin chain with nondiagonal
boundary terms. We derive an exact inversion identity, using which we obtain
the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix and the Bethe Ansatz equations. For
generic values of the boundary parameters, the Bethe Ansatz solution is
formulated in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7255 </DOCNO>
Wishart and Anti-Wishart random matrices


  We provide a compact exact representation for the distribution of the matrix
elements of the Wishart-type random matrices $A^\dagger A$, for any finite
number of rows and columns of $A$, without any large N approximations. In
particular we treat the case when the Wishart-type random matrix contains
redundant, non-random information, which is a new result. This representation
is of interest for a procedure of reconstructing the redundant information
hidden in Wishart matrices, with potential applications to numerous models
based on biological, social and artificial intelligence networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113782 </DOCNO>
A data capture and production management tool for the assembly and


  The CMS experiment will comprise several very large high resolution detectors
for physics. Each detector may be constructed of well over a million parts and
will be produced and assembled during the next decade by specialised centres
distributed world-wide. Each constituent part of each detector must be
accurately measured and tested locally prior to its ultimate assembly and
integration in the experimental area at CERN. The CRISTAL project (Concurrent
Repository and Information System for Tracking Assembly and production
Lifecycles) [1] aims to monitor and control the quality of the production and
assembly process to aid in optimising the performance of the physics detectors
and to reject unacceptable constituent parts as early as possible in the
construction lifecycle. During assembly CRISTAL will capture all the
information required for subsequent detector calibration. Distributed instances
of Object databases linked via CORBA [2] and with WWW/Java-based query
processing are the main technology aspects of CRISTAL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149450 </DOCNO>
Geometric Transitions and N=1 Quiver Theories


  We construct N=1 supersymmetric theories on worldvolumes of D5 branes wrapped
around 2-cycles of threefolds which are A-D-E fibrations over a plane. We
propose large N duals as geometric transitions involving blowdowns of two
cycles and blowups of three-cycles. This yields exact predictions for a large
class of N=1 supersymmetric gauge systems including U(N) gauge theories with
two adjoint matter fields deformed by superpotential terms, which arise in
A-D-E fibered geometries with non-trivial monodromies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96168 </DOCNO>
Geodesics on extensions of Lie groups and stability; the


  The equations of motion of a charged ideal fluid, respectively the
superconductivity equation (both in a given magnetic field) are showed to be
geodesic equations on a general, respectively central extension of the group of
volume preserving diffeomorphisms with right invariant metric. For this,
quantization of the magnetic flux is required. We do curvature computations in
both cases in order to get some informations about the stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125473 </DOCNO>
Photometric Solutions for Detached Eclipsing Binaries: selection of


  Detached eclipsing binary stars provide a robust one-step distance
determination to nearby galaxies. As a by-product of Galactic microlensing
searches, catalogs of thousands of variable stars including eclipsing binaries
have been produced by the OGLE, MACHO and EROS collaborations. We present
photometric solutions for detached eclipsing binaries in the Small Magellanic
Cloud (SMC) discovered by the OGLE collaboration. The solutions were obtained
with an automated version of the Wilson-Devinney program. By fitting mock
catalogs of eclipsing binaries we find that the normalized stellar radii
(particularly their sum) and the surface brightness ratio are accurately
described by the fitted parameters and estimated standard errors, despite
various systematic uncertainties. In many cases these parameters are well
constrained. In addition we find that systems exhibiting complete eclipses can
be reliably identified where the fractional standard errors in the radii are
small. We present two quantitatively selected sub-samples of eclipsing binaries
that will be excellent distance indicators. These can be used both for
computation of the distance to the SMC and to probe its structure. One
particularly interesting binary has a very well determined solution, exhibits
complete eclipses, and is comprised of well detached G-type, class $II$ giants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6702 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio chemical potentials of solid and liquid solutions and the


  A general set of methods is presented for calculating chemical potentials in
solid and liquid mixtures using {\em ab initio} techniques based on density
functional theory (DFT). The methods are designed to give an {\em ab initio}
approach to treating chemical equilibrium between coexisting solid and liquid
solutions, and particularly the partitioning ratio of solutes between such
solutions. For the liquid phase, the methods are based on the general technique
of thermodynamic integration, applied to calculate the change of free energy
associated with the continuous interconversion of solvent and solute atoms, the
required thermal averages being computed by DFT molecular dynamics simulation.
For the solid phase, free energies and hence chemical potentials are obtained
using DFT calculation of vibrational frequencies of systems containing
substitutional solute atoms, with anharmonic contributions calculated, where
needed, by thermodynamic integration. The practical use of the methods is
illustrated by applying them to study chemical equilibrium between the outer
liquid and inner solid parts of the Earth's core, modelled as solutions of S,
Si and O in Fe. The calculations place strong constraints on the chemical
composition of the core, and allow an estimate of the temperature at the
inner-core/outer-core boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6520 </DOCNO>
Subdiffusion-limited single species reactions


  We consider the coagulation dynamics A+A -> A and the annihilation dynamics
A+A -> 0 for particles moving subdiffusively in one dimension, both on a
lattice and in a continuum. The analysis combines the "anomalous kinetics" and
"anomalous diffusion" problems, each of which leads to interesting dynamics
separately and to even more interesting dynamics in combination. We calculate
both short-time and long-time concentrations, and compare and contrast the
continuous and discrete cases. Our analysis is based on the fractional
diffusion equation and its discrete analog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73933 </DOCNO>
Generalized Parton Distributions and Distribution of Partons in the


  I discuss the physical interpretation of GPDs in the limit $\xi=0$, where the
$t$ dependence contains information about the distribution of partons in the
transverse plane. GPDs thus allow a simultaneous determination of the
longitudinal momentum and transverse position of partons in the infinite
momentum frame, which also provides a physical interpretation for Ji's angular
momentum sum rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3540 </DOCNO>
Local spectroscopy of a proximity superconductor at very low temperature


  We performed the local spectroscopy of a Normal-metal--Superconductor (N-S)
junction with the help of a very low temperature (60 mK) Scanning Tunneling
Microscope (STM). The spatial dependence of the local density of states was
probed locally in the vicinity of the N-S interface. We observed spectra with a
fully-developed gap in the regions where a thin normal metal layer caps the
superconductor dot. Close to the S metal edge, a clear pseudo-gap shows up,
which is characteristic of the superconducting proximity effect in the case of
a long normal metal. The experimental results are compared to the predictions
of the quasiclassical theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75096 </DOCNO>
Multi(Scale)Gravity: A Telescope for the Micro-World


  This is a talk presented at XXXVIth Rencontres de Moriond, ElectroWeak
Interactions and Unified Theories, March 2001. A short review of modern status
of multigravity, i.e. modification of gravity at both short and large distances
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74165 </DOCNO>
Signatures for Majorana neutrinos in $e^- \gamma$ collider


  We study the possibilities to detect Majorana neutrinos in $e^- \gamma$
colliders for different center of mass energies.
  We study the $W^- W^- l_j^{+}(l_j^+\equiv e^+ ,\mu^+ ,\tau^+)$ final state
which are, due to leptonic number violation, a clear signature for intermediate
Majorana neutrino contribution. Such a signal (final lepton have the opposite
charge of the initial lepton) is not possible if the heavy neutrinos are Dirac
particles. In our calculation we use the helicity formalism to obtain analytic
expressions for the amplitude and we have considered that the intermediate
neutrinos can be either on shell or off shell. Finally we present our results
for the total cross-section and for the angular distribution of the final
lepton. We also include a discussion on the expected events number as a
function of the input parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5827 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Random Walks on the Class of Web Graph


  We study random walk with adaptive move strategies on a class of directed
graphs with variable wiring diagram. The graphs are grown from the evolution
rules compatible with the dynamics of the world-wide Web [Tadi\'c, Physica A
{\bf 293}, 273 (2001)], and are characterized by a pair of power-law
distributions of out- and in-degree for each value of the parameter $\beta$,
which measures the degree of rewiring in the graph. The walker adapts its move
strategy according to locally available information both on out-degree of the
visited node and in-degree of target node. A standard random walk, on the other
hand, uses the out-degree only. We compute the distribution of connected
subgraphs visited by an ensemble of walkers, the average access time and
survival probability of the walks. We discuss these properties of the walk
dynamics relative to the changes in the global graph structure when the control
parameter $\beta $ is varied. For $\beta \geq 3$, corresponding to the
world-wide Web, the access time of the walk to a given level of hierarchy on
the graph is much shorter compared to the standard random walk on the same
graph. By reducing the amount of rewiring towards rigidity limit $\beta \to
\beta_c \lesss im 0.1$, corresponding to the range of naturally occurring
biochemical networks, the survival probability of adaptive and standard random
walk become increasingly similar. The adaptive random walk can be used as an
efficient message-passing algorithm on this class of graphs for large degree of
rewiring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169118 </DOCNO>
Noisy Grover's search algorithm


  External environment influences on Grover's search algorithm modeled by
quantum noise are investigated. The algorithm is shown to be robust under that
external dissipation. Explicitly we prove that the resulting search positive
maps acting on unsorted N-dimensional database made of projective density
matrices depend on x the strength of the environment, and that there are
infinitely many x values for which search is successful after O(\sqrt{N})
queries. These algorithms are quantum entropy increasing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74478 </DOCNO>
M-Theory


  We construct an eleven-dimensional superspace with superspace coordinates and
formulate a finite M-theory using non-anticommutative geometry. The conjectured
M-theory has the correct eleven-dimensional supergravity low energy limit. We
consider the problem of finding a stable finite M-theory which has de Sitter
space as a natural ground state, and the problem of eliminating possible future
horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72652 </DOCNO>
NonQCD contributions to heavy quark masses and sensitivity to Higgs mass


  We find that if the Higgs mass is close to its present experimental lower
limit (100 GeV),Yukawa interactions in the quark-Higgs sector can make
substantial contributions to the heavy quark MS masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2228 </DOCNO>
A proposal for a spin-polarized solar battery


  A solar cell illuminated by circularly-polarized light generates charge and
spin currents. We show that the spin polarization of the current significantly
exceeds the spin polarization of the carrier density for the majority carriers.
Based on this principle we propose a semiconductor spin-polarized solar battery
and substantiate our proposal using analytical arguments and numerical
modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127569 </DOCNO>
Empirical calibration of the near-IR Ca II triplet - I. The stellar


  A new stellar library at the near-IR spectral region developed for the
empirical calibration of the Ca II triplet and stellar population synthesis
modeling is presented. The library covers the range 8348-9020 Angstrom at 1.5
Angstrom (FWHM) spectral resolution, and consists of 706 stars spanning a wide
range in atmospheric parameters. We have defined a new set of near-IR indices,
CaT*, CaT and PaT, which mostly overcome the limitations of previous
definitions, the former being specially suited for the measurement of the Ca II
triplet strength corrected for the contamination from Paschen lines. We also
present a comparative study of the new and the previous calcium indices, as
well as the corresponding transformations between the different systems. A
thorough analysis of the sources of index errors and the procedure to calculate
them is given. Finally, index and error measurements for the whole stellar
library are provided together with the final spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75845 </DOCNO>
Thermal fluctuations in the interacting pion gas


  We derive the two-particle fluctuation correlator in a thermal gas of
pi-mesons to the lowest order in an interaction due to a resonance exchange. A
diagrammatic technique is used. We discuss how this result can be applied to
event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions, in particular, to search
for the critical point of QCD. As a practical example, we determine the shape
of the rapidity correlator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7314 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Two-Band Superconductivity from Break Junction Tunneling on


  Superconductor-insulator-superconductor tunnel junctions have been fabricated
on MgB2 that display Josephson and quasiparticle currents. These junctions
exhibit a gap magnitude, Delta~2.5 meV, that is considerably smaller than the
BCS value, but which clearly and reproducibly closes near the bulk Tc. In
conjunction with fits of the conductance spectra, these results are interpreted
as direct evidence of two-band superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4073 </DOCNO>
Ruthenocuprates: Intrinsic magnetic multilayers


  We report ac susceptibility measurements on polycrystalline samples of
SrRuO_3 and three ruthenocuprates: superconducting RuSr_2GdCu_2O_8 (Ru-1212),
superconducting RuSr_2Eu_(2-x)Ce_xCu_2O_y (Ru-1222, x=0.5) and
nonsuperconducting, insulating RuSr_2Eu_(2-x)Ce_xCu_2O_z (Ru-1222, x=1.0). Ac
susceptibility of both Ru-1222 compositions exhibit logarithmic time relaxation
and `inverted' hysteresis loops. Ru-1212 samples exhibit none of these
behaviors. We interpret the magnetic behavior of Ru-1222 in the framework of
weakly coupled magnetic multilayers and argue that superconductivity coexists
with qualitatively different magnetic behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128195 </DOCNO>
GMRT observations of four suspected supernova remnants near the Galactic


  We have observed two fields - Field-I (l=3.2 degrees, b=-1.0 degree) and
Field-II (l=356.8 degrees, b=-0.1 degree) with the Giant Metrewave Radio
Telescope (GMRT) at 330 MHz. In the first field, we have studied the candidate
supernova remnant (SNR) G3.1-0.6 and based on its observed morphology, spectral
index and polarisation confirmed it to be an SNR. We find this supernova to
have a double ring appearance with a strip of emission on it's western side
passing through it's centre.
  We have discovered two extended curved objects in the second field, which
appears to be part of a large shell like structure. It is possibly the remains
of an old supernova in the region. Three suspected supernova remnants,
G356.3-0.3, G356.6+0.1 and G357.1-0.2 detected in the MOST 843 MHz survey of
the Galactic Centre region appears to be located on this shell like structure.
While both G356.3-0.3 and G356.6+0.1 seem to be parts of this shell, G357.1-0.2
which has a steeper spectrum above 1 GHz, could be a background SNR seen
through the region. Our HI absorption observation towards the candidate SNR
G357.1-0.2 indicates that it is at a distance of more than 6 kpc from us.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168328 </DOCNO>
QED derived from the two-body interaction (1) Mapping to M-space


  We have shown in a previous paper that the Dirac bispinor can vary like a
four-vector and that Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) can be reproduced with this
form of behaviour.(1) Here, in part I of this paper, we show that QED with the
same transformational behaviour also holds in an alternative space we call
M-space. We use the four-vector behaviour to model the two-body interaction in
M and show that this has similar physical properties to the usual model which
it predicts. In part (2) of this paper(4) we use M-space to show that QED can
be reduced to two simple rules for a two-body interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41557 </DOCNO>
Results on CP Violation from the NA48 experiment at CERN


  In this article the current status and latest results of the NA48 experiment
at CERN are given. We present in more details the analysis performed for the
Re(e'/e) measurement with the combined statistics accumulated during the 1998
and 1999 data periods. Reviewing the NA48 rare decay program, we select to
underline the new results on the branching ratio and the A_v factor for the
decay KL->pi0gg and the KL->pi+pi-e+e- CP violating decay. This article is the
contribution to the Proceedings of the Lepton-Photon Conference held in Roma,
July 23-29 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76980 </DOCNO>
Strange Hadron Resonances and QGP Freeze-out


  We describe how the abundance and distribution of hyperon resonances can be
used to probe freeze-out conditions. We demonstrate that resonance yields allow
us to measure the time scales of chemical and thermal freeze-outs. This should
permit a direct differentiation between the explosive sudden, and staged
adiabatic freeze-out scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123725 </DOCNO>
Hydrostatic equilibrium in a magnetized, warped Galactic disc


  Hydrostatic equilibrium of the multiphase interstellar medium in the solar
vicinity is reconsidered, with the regular and turbulent magnetic fields
treated separately. The regular magnetic field strength required to support the
gas is consistent with independent estimates provided energy equipartition is
maintained between turbulence and random magnetic fields. Our results indicate
that a midplane value of $B_{0}=4\mkG$ for the regular magnetic field near the
Sun leads to more attractive models than $B_{0}=2\mkG$. The vertical profiles
of both the regular and random magnetic fields contain disc and halo components
whose parameters we have determined. The layer at $1\la|z|\la4\kpc$ can be
overpressured and an outflow at a speed of about $50\kms$ may occur there,
presumably associated with a Galactic fountain flow, if $B_{0}\simeq 2\mkG$. We
show that hydrostatic equilibrium in a warped disc must produce asymmetric
density distributions in $z$, in rough agreement with \HI observations in the
outer Galaxy. This asymmetry may be a useful diagnostic of the details of the
warping mechanism in the Milky Way and other galaxies. We find indications that
gas and magnetic field pressures are different above and below the warped
midplane in the outer Galaxy and quantify the difference in terms of turbulent
velocity and/or magnetic field strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96701 </DOCNO>
Abs Algorithms for Linear Equations and Abspack


  We present the main results obtained during a research on ABS methods in the
framework of the project Analisi Numerica e Matematica Computazionale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6916 </DOCNO>
Critical dynamics of singlet and triplet excitations in strongly


  New data for the two-dimensional J1-J2 model shows that the critical points
for singlet and triplet excitations near J2/J1=0.38 are very close together, or
coincident. We propose that this is a more general result: in strongly
frustrated spin systems the critical dynamics of singlet and triplet
excitations are closely related. An effective field theory for such a critical
point, or points, is developed, and its implications discussed. The analysis
suggests the existance of gapless or almost gapless singlet excitations in the
magnetically disordered phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40735 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of the CP-Violating Asymmetries with BABAR


  We report on a preliminary measurement of time-dependent CP-violating
asymmetries in B0 --> J/psi K0S and B0 --> psi(2S) K0S decays recorded by the
BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. The data sample
consisted of 9.0 fb-1 collected at the Y(4S) resonance and 0.8 fb-1
off-resonance. One of the pair of neutral B mesons produced at the Y(4S) was
fully reconstructed, while the flavor of the other neutral B meson was tagged
at the time of its decay. The value of the asymmetry amplitude, sin(2beta), was
determined from a maximum likelihood fit to the time distribution of 120 tagged
candidates to be sin(2beta) = 0.12 +- 0.37 (stat.) +- 0.09 (syst.)
(preliminary).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72526 </DOCNO>
Probing for the Charm Content of $B$ and $\Upsilon$ Mesons


  A slow $J/\psi$ bump exists in the inclusive $B\to J/\psi + X$ spectrum,
while the softness of $J/\psi$ spectrum in $\Upsilon(1S) \to J/\psi + X$ decay
is in strong contrast with expectations from color octet mechanism. We propose
{\it intrinsic} charm as the explanation:the former is due to $\bar B\to J/\psi
D \pi$,with three charm quarks in the final state; the latter is just a small
fraction of $\Upsilon(1S) \to (c\bar c)_{\rm slow} + 2$"jet" events, where the
slow moving $c\bar c$ system evolves into $D^{(*)}$ pairs. Experimental search
for these phenomena at B Factories and the Tevatron is strongly urged, as the
implications go beyond QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75729 </DOCNO>
Constraints on flat cosmologies with tracking Quintessence from Cosmic


  We constrain cosmological parameters in flat cosmologies with tracking dark
energy (or Quintessence) using the existing data on Cosmic Microwave Background
(CMB) anisotropies. We perform a maximum likelihood analysis using combined
data from COBE/DMR, BOOMERanG, DASI and MAXIMA, obtaining estimates for the
dark energy density $\Omega_{Q}$ and equation of state $w_{Q}$, the physical
baryon density $\Omega_{b}h^{2}$, the scalar perturbation spectral index
$n_{S}$, the ratio $R$ between the tensor and scalar perturbation amplitude (or
the tensor spectral index $n_{T}$). Dark energy is found to be the dominant
cosmological component $\Omega_{Q}=0.71^{+0.05}_{-0.04}$, with equation of
state $w_{Q}=-0.82^{+0.14}_{-0.11}$ (68% C.L.). Our best fit value of the
physical baryon density is in good agreement with the primordial
nucleosynthesis bound. We find no significant evidence for deviations from
scale-invariance, although a scalar spectral index slightly smaller than unity
is marginally preferred. Finally, we find that the contribution of cosmological
gravitational waves is negligible. These results confirm that Quintessence is
slightly preferred with respect to ordinary cosmological constant by the
present CMB data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3375 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Superconductivity in Epitaxial MgB2 Films


  High-quality epitaxial MgB2 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition
with Tc = 39 K offer the opportunity to study the anisotropy and robustness of
the superconducting state in magnetic fields. We measure the in-plane
electrical resistivity of the films in magnetic fields to 60T and estimate the
superconducting upper critical field Hc(0) = 24 +- 3 T for field oriented along
the c-axis, and Hab(0) = 30 +- 2 T for field in the plane of the film. We find
the zero-temperature coherence lengths xi_c(0) = 30 A and xi_ab(0) = 37 A to be
shorter than the calculated electronic mean free path l = 100 +- 50 A, which
places our films in the clean limit. The observation of such large upper
critical fields from clean limit samples, coupled with the relatively small
anisotropy, provides strong evidence of the viability of MgB2 as a
technologically important superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125572 </DOCNO>
Russell Lecture: Dark Star Formation and Cooling Instability


  Optically thin cooling gas at most temperatures above 30K will make
condensations by pressure pushing material into cool dense regions. This works
without gravity. Cooling condensations will flatten and become
planar/similarity solutions. Most star formation may start from cooling
condensations - with gravity only important in the later stages. The idea that
some of the dark matter could be pristine white dwarfs that condensed slowly on
to planetary sized seeds without firing nuclear reactions is found lacking.
However, recent observations indicate fifty times more halo white dwarfs than
have been previously acknowledged; enough to make the halo fraction observed as
MACHOS.
  A cosmological census shows that only 1% of the mass of the Universe is of
known constitution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40816 </DOCNO>
A study of topological vertexing for heavy quark tagging


  We compare heavy quark tagging and anti-tagging efficiencies for vertex
detectors with different inner raddi using the topological vertex technique
developed at the SLC/SLD experiment. Charm tagging benefits by going to very
small inner radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124843 </DOCNO>
Stellar Populations and Chemical Evolution of Late--Type Dwarf Galaxies


  Some aspects of the chemical evolution of late-type dwarf galaxies are
reviewed, together with their implications on three issues of cosmological
relevance: similarity to primeval galaxies, derivation of the primordial helium
abundance, contribution to the excess of faint blue galaxies. A more detailed
approach to model their evolution is suggested. The importance of deriving the
star formation history in these systems by studying their resolved stellar
populations is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3246 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium and non-equilibrium electron tunneling via discrete quantum


  Tunneling is measured via the quantum levels of a metal nanoparticle. We
analyze quantitatively the resonance energies, widths, and amplitudes, both in
the regime where only one state is accessible for tunneling and in the
non-equilibrium regime when additional states are made accessible one-by-one.
For tunneling through one state, our results agree with expectations for
sequential tunneling, but in the non-equilibrium regime the resonances are
broadened and shifted in ways that require taking into account electron
interactions and relaxation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114244 </DOCNO>
Control System Design for the LIGO Pre-stabilized Laser


  To meet the strain sensitivity requirements [1], [2] of the Laser
Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), the laser frequency and
amplitude noise must initially be reduced by a factor of 1000 in the
pre-stabilized portion of the interferometer [3]. A control system was
implemented to provide laser noise suppression, data acquisition interfaces,
diagnostics, and operator control inputs. This paper describes the VME-based
analog and digital controls used in the LIGO Pre-stabilized Laser (PSL).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6546 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of linear polymers in random media


  We study phenomenological scaling theories of the polymer dynamics in random
media, employing the existing scaling theories of polymer chains and the
percolation statistics. We investigate both the Rouse and the Zimm model for
Brownian dynamics and estimate the diffusion constant of the center-of-mass of
the chain in such disordered media. For internal dynamics of the chain, we
estimate the dynamic exponents. We propose similar scaling theory for the
reptation dynamics of the chain in the framework of Flory theory for the
disordered medium. The modifications in the case of correlated disordered are
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75793 </DOCNO>
Threshold expansion for heavy-light systems and flavor off-diagonal


  An expansion scheme is developed for Feynman diagrams describing the
production of one massive and one massless particle near the threshold. As an
example application, we compute the correlators of heavy-light quark currents,
(\bar b gamma_mu u) and (\bar b gamma_5 u), through O(alpha_s^2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2155 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and Metal-Insulator Transitions through Bandwidth Control in


  Numerical studies on Mott transitions caused by the control of the ratio
between bandwidth and electron-electron interaction ($U$) are reported. By
using the recently proposed path-integral renormalization group(PIRG)
algorithm, physical properties near the transitions in the ground state of
two-dimensional half-filled models with the nearest and the next-nearest
neighbor transfers ($-t$ and $t'$, respectively) are studied as a prototype of
geometrically frustrated system. The nature of the bandwidth-control
transitions shows sharp contrast with that of the filling-control transitions:
First, the metal-insulator and magnetic transitions are separated each other
and the metal-insulator (MI) transition occurs at smaller $U$, although the
both transition interactions $U$ increase with increasing $t'$. Both
transitions do not contradict the first-order transitions for smaller $t'/t$
while the MI transitions become continuous type accompanied by emergence of
{\it unusual metallic phase} near the transition for large $t'/t$. A
nonmagnetic insulator phase is stabilized between MI and AF transitions. The
region of the nonmagnetic insulator becomes wider with increasing $t'/t$. The
phase diagram naturally connects two qualitatively different limits, namely the
Hartree-Fock results at small $t'/t$ and speculations in the strong coupling
Heisenberg limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7007 </DOCNO>
Out of equilibrium dynamics of the toy model with mode coupling and


  We extend our previous analysis of the toy model that mimics the mode
coupling theory of supercooled liquids and glass transitions to the out of
equilibrium dynamics. We derive a self-consistent set of equations for
correlation and response functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179166 </DOCNO>
A correlated model for lambda-hypernuclei


  We study the properties of hypernuclei containing one lambda hyperon in the
framework of the correlated basis function theory with Jastrow correlations.
Fermi hypernetted chain integral equations are derived and used to evaluate
energies and one-body densities of lambda hypernuclei having a doubly closed
shell nucleonic core in the jj coupling scheme, from Carbon to Lead. We also
study hypernuclei having the least bound neutron substituted by the lambda
particle. The semi-realistic Afnan and Tang nucleon-nucleon potential and
Bodmer and Usmani lambda-nucleon potential are adopted. The effect of many-body
forces are considered by means either of a three body lambda-nucleon-nucleon
potential of the Argonne type or of a density dependent modification of the
lambda-nucleon interaction, fitted to reproduce the lambda binding energy in
nuclear matter. While Jastrow correlations underestimate the attractive
contribution of the three body $\la$ interaction, the density dependent
potential provides a good description of the lambda binding energies over all
the nuclear masses range, in spite of the relative simplicity of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75558 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium evolution in scalar O(N) models with spontaneous symmetry


  We consider the out-of-equilibrium evolution of a classical condensate field
and its quantum fluctuations for a scalar O(N) model with spontaneously broken
symmetry. In contrast to previous studies we do not consider the large N limit,
but the case of finite N, including N=1, i.e., plain $\lambda \phi^ 4$ theory.
The instabilities encountered in the one-loop approximation are prevented, as
in the large-N limit, by back reaction of the fluctuations on themselves, or,
equivalently, by including a resummation of bubble diagrams.
  For this resummation and its renormalization we use formulations developed
recently based on the effective action formalism of Cornwall, Jackiw and
Tomboulis. The formulation of renormalized equations for finite N derived here
represents a useful tool for simulations with realistic models. Here we
concentrate on the phase structure of such models. We observe the transition
between the spontaneously broken and the symmetric phase at low and high energy
densities, respectively. This shows that the typical structures expected in
thermal equilibrium are encountered in nonequilibrium dynamics even at early
times, i.e., before an efficient rescattering can lead to thermalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4228 </DOCNO>
Energy spectrum of a 2D Dirac electron in the presence of a constant


  In this paper we obtain exact solutions of a 2D relativistic Dirac oscillator
in the presence of a constant magnetic field. We compute the energy spectrum
and discuss its dependence on the spin and magnetic field strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40959 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Tau Polarisation at LEP


  The polarisation of $\tau$'s produced in Z decay is measured using 160
pb$^{-1}$ of data accumulated at LEP by the ALEPH detector between 1990 and
1995. The variation of the polarisation with polar angle yields the two
parameters ${\cal A}_e = 0.1504 \pm 0.0068 $ and ${\cal A}_{\tau} = 0.1451 \pm
0.0059$ which are consistent with the hypothesis of $e$-$\tau$ universality.
Assuming universality, the value ${\cal A}_{e{-}\tau} = 0.1474 \pm 0.0045$ is
obtained from which the effective weak mixing angle $\sin^2
{\theta_{\mathrm{W}}^{\mathrm{eff}}} =0.23147 \pm 0.00057 $ is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124922 </DOCNO>
Host Galaxies of Gamma-ray Bursts: Spectral Energy Distributions and


  We present BVRcIc broad-band flux spectra for the host galaxies of GRB970508,
GRB980613, GRB980703, GRB990123 and GRB991208 obtained with the 6-m telescope
of SAO RAS. The BVRcIc of these hosts are best fitted by the spectral
properties of template SEDs of starburst galaxies and that there is a
significant internal extinction in these host galaxies. We derived the absolute
magnitudes of the GRB host galaxies making use of SEDs for the starburst
galaxies. We performed the population synthesis modeling of the continuum
spectral energy distribution of the host galaxies of GRB970508 and GRB980703
using different extinction laws and assuming burst and exponential scenarios of
star formation. The comparison of BVRcIc broad-band flux spectra with the local
starburst galaxies templates and theoretical templates as well as direct
estimates (using Balmer emission lines) of the internal extinction shows that
it is likely to be of great importance to take into account effects of the
internal extinction in the host galaxies. From the SED of the host galaxy of
GRB991208 and from the intensity of their spectral lines it follows that this
is a GRB galaxy with the highest massive star-formation rate of all known GRB
galaxies. The reduced luminosity of these dusty galaxies (e.g. for the host of
GRB970508 A_V\sim 2 mag, for the host of GRB980703 A_V\sim 0.6 mag and for the
host of GRB991208 A_V\sim 2 mag) could explain the observational fact: none of
the observed GRB host galaxies with known distances is brighter than the local
galaxies with the luminosity L_*.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5238 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Quantum Dot: A Magnetic Transmission Barrier and Resonator


  We study the ballistic edge-channel transport in quantum wires with a
magnetic quantum dot, which is formed by two different magnetic fields B^* and
B_0 inside and outside the dot, respectively. We find that the electron states
located near the dot and the scattering of edge channels by the dot strongly
depend on whether B^* is parallel or antiparallel to B_0. For parallel fields,
two-terminal conductance as a function of channel energy is quantized except
for resonances, while, for antiparallel fields, it is not quantized and all
channels can be completely reflected in some energy ranges. All these features
are attributed to the characteristic magnetic confinements caused by nonuniform
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4018 </DOCNO>
Critical state theory for nonparallel flux line lattices in type-II


  Coarse-grained flux density profiles in type-II superconductors with
non-parallel vortex configurations are obtained by a proposed phenomenological
least action principle. We introduce a functional $C[H(x)]$, which is minimized
under a constraint of the kind $J$ belongs to $Delta$ for the current density
vector, where $Delta$ is a bounded set. This generalizes the concept of
critical current density introduced by C. P. Bean for parallel vortex
configurations. In particular, we choose the isotropic case ($Delta$ is a
circle), for which the field penetration profiles $H(x,t)$ are derived when a
changing external excitation is applied. Faraday's law, and the principle of
minimum entropy production rate for stationary thermodynamic processes dictate
the evolution of the system. Calculations based on the model can reproduce the
physical phenomena of flux transport and consumption, and the striking effect
of magnetization collapse in crossed field measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97158 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative symmetric functions and quasi-symmetric functions with


  We define two-parameter families of noncommutative symmetric functions and
quasi-symmetric functions, which appear to be the proper analogues of the
Macdonald symmetric functions in these settings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149417 </DOCNO>
Virial expansion and TBA in O(N) sigma models


  We study the free energy of the 1+1 dimensional O(N) nonlinear sigma-models
for even N using the TBA equations proposed recently. We give explicit formulae
for the constant solution of the TBA equations (Y-system) and calculate the
first two virial coefficients. The free energy is also compared to the leading
large N result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83615 </DOCNO>
Lower bounds in the quantum cell probe model


  We introduce a new model for studying quantum data structure problems -- the
"quantum cell probe model". We prove a lower bound for the static predecessor
problem in the address-only version of this model where we allow quantum
parallelism only over the `address lines' of the queries. The address-only
quantum cell probe model subsumes the classical cell probe model, and many
quantum query algorithms like Grover's algorithm fall into this framework. Our
lower bound improves the previous known lower bound for the predecessor problem
in the classical cell probe model with randomised query schemes, and matches
the classical deterministic upper bound of Beame and Fich. Beame and Fich have
also proved a matching lower bound for the predecessor problem, but only in the
classical deterministic setting. Our lower bound has the advantage that it
holds for the more general quantum model, and also, its proof is substantially
simpler than that of Beame and Fich. We prove our lower bound by obtaining a
round elimination lemma for quantum communication complexity. A similar lemma
was proved by Miltersen, Nisan, Safra and Wigderson for classical communication
complexity, but it was not strong enough to prove a lower bound matching the
upper bound of Beame and Fich. Our quantum round elimination lemma also allows
us to prove rounds versus communication tradeoffs for some quantum
communication complexity problems like the "greater-than" problem. We also
study the "static membership" problem in the quantum cell probe model.
Generalising a result of Yao, we show that if the storage scheme is implicit,
that is it can only store members of the subset and `pointers', then any
quantum query scheme must make $\Omega(\log n)$ probes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125880 </DOCNO>
Photometric Redshifts of Quasars


  We demonstrate that the design of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) filter
system and the quality of the SDSS imaging data are sufficient for determining
accurate and precise photometric redshifts (``photo-z''s) of quasars. Using a
sample of 2625 quasars, we show that photo-z determination is even possible for
z<=2.2 despite the lack of a strong continuum break that robust photo-z
techniques normally require. We find that, using our empirical method on our
sample of objects known to be quasars, approximately 70% of the photometric
redshifts are correct to within delta z = 0.2; the fraction of correct
photometric redshifts is even better for z>3. The accuracy of quasar
photometric redshifts does not appear to be dependent upon magnitude to nearly
21st magnitude in i'. Careful calibration of the color-redshift relation to
21st magnitude may allow for the discovery of on the order of 10^6 quasars
candidates in addition to the 10^5 quasars that the SDSS will confirm
spectroscopically. We discuss the efficient selection of quasar candidates from
imaging data for use with the photometric redshift technique and the potential
scientific uses of a large sample of quasar candidates with photometric
redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126142 </DOCNO>
Scattered starlight contamination in the spectrum of reddened stars


  The comparison, undertaken in preceding papers, of the UV observations of
nebulae and of reddened stars reveals contradictory aspects of interstellar
extinction. The aim of this paper is to understand the implications hidden
behind the apparent contradictions. The questions treated will be: how can
small grains with an isotropic phase function make an appreciable contribution
in the UV spectrum of a star? Why are small grains not observed in the spectrum
of a nebula? How much of starlight can be scattered by large grains in the
forward direction?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168789 </DOCNO>
Classical Analog of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency


  We present a classical analog for Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
(EIT). In a system of just two coupled harmonic oscillators subject to a
harmonic driving force we can reproduce the phenomenology observed in EIT. We
describe a simple experiment performed with two linearly coupled RLC circuits
which can be taught in an undergraduate laboratory class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3432 </DOCNO>
Boundary states and finite size effects in sine-Gordon model with


  The sine-Gordon model with Neumann boundary condition is investigated. Using
the bootstrap principle the spectrum of boundary bound states is established.
Somewhat surprisingly it is found that Coleman-Thun diagrams and bound state
creation may coexist. A framework to describe finite size effects in boundary
integrable theories is developed and used together with the truncated conformal
space approach to confirm the bound states and reflection factors derived by
bootstrap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168130 </DOCNO>
Recent Results in Trapped-Ion Quantum Computing


  We review recent experiments on entanglement, Bell's inequality, and
decoherence-free subspaces in a quantum register of trapped \be ions. We have
demonstrated entanglement of up to four ions using the technique of M{\o}lmer
and S{\o}rensen. This method produces the state |down down> + |up up> for two
ions and the state |down down down down> + |up up up up> for four ions. We
generate the entanglement deterministically in each shot of the experiment.
Measurements on the two-ion entangled state violates Bell's inequality at the
$8\sigma$ level. Because of the high detector efficiency of our apparatus, this
experiment closes the detector loophole for Bell's inequality measurements for
the first time. This measurement is also the first violation of Bell's
inequality by massive particles that does not implicitly assume results from
quantum mechanics. Finally, we have demonstrated reversible encoding of an
arbitrary qubit, originally contained in one ion, into a decoherence-free
subspace (DFS) of two ions. The DFS-encoded qubit resists applied collective
dephasing noise and retains coherence under ambient conditions 3.6 times longer
than does an unencoded qubit. The encoding method, which uses single-ion gates
and the two-ion entangling gate, demonstrates all the elements required for
two-qubit universal quantum logic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81414 </DOCNO>
Topology and Low Lying Fermion Modes


  Recent results concerning the relation of topology and low-lying fermion
modes are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86477 </DOCNO>
Structure formation in the Lemaitre-Tolman model


  Structure formation within the Lemaitre-Tolman model is investigated in a
general manner. We seek models such that the initial density perturbation
within a homogeneous background has a smaller mass than the structure into
which it will develop, and the perturbation then accretes more mass during
evolution. This is a generalisation of the approach taken by Bonnor in 1956. It
is proved that any two spherically symmetric density profiles specified on any
two constant time slices can be joined by a Lemaitre-Tolman evolution, and
exact implicit formulae for the arbitrary functions that determine the
resulting L-T model are obtained. Examples of the process are investigated
numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6537 </DOCNO>
Pressure dependence of diffusion in simple glasses and supercooled


  Using molecular dynamics simulation, we have calculated the pressure
dependence of the diffusion constant in a binary Lennard-Jones Glass. We
observe four temperature regimes. The apparent activation volume drops from
high values in the hot liquid to a plateau value. Near the critical temperature
of the mode coupling theory it rises steeply, but in the glassy state we find
again small values, similar to the ones in the liquid. The peak of the
activation volume at the critical temperature is in agreement with the
prediction of mode coupling theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5993 </DOCNO>
Hard-core Yukawa model for two-dimensional charge stabilized colloids


  The hyper-netted chain (HNC) and Percus-Yevick (PY) approximations are used
to study the phase diagram of a simple hard-core Yukawa model of
charge-stabilized colloidal particles in a two-dimensional system. We calculate
the static structure factor and the pair distribution function over a wide
range of parameters. Using the statics correlation functions we present an
estimate for the liquid-solid phase diagram for the wide range of the
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83968 </DOCNO>
Vertex-Unfoldings of Simplicial Manifolds


  We present an algorithm to unfold any triangulated 2-manifold (in particular,
any simplicial polyhedron) into a non-overlapping, connected planar layout in
linear time. The manifold is cut only along its edges. The resulting layout is
connected, but it may have a disconnected interior; the triangles are connected
at vertices, but not necessarily joined along edges. We extend our algorithm to
establish a similar result for simplicial manifolds of arbitrary dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73798 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the first RHIC results in the String Fusion Model


  First results from RHIC on charged multiplicities, evolution of
multiplicities with centrality, particle ratios and transverse momentum
distributions in central and minimum bias collisions, are analyzed in a string
model which includes hard collisions, collectivity in the initial state
considered as string fusion, and rescattering of the produced secondaries.
Multiplicities and their evolution with centrality are successfully reproduced.
Transverse momentum distributions in the model show a larger $p_T$-tail than
experimental data, disagreement which grows with increasing centrality.
Discrepancies with particle ratios appear and are examined comparing with
previous features of the model at SPS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95740 </DOCNO>
A space of cyclohedra


  The real points of the Deligne-Knudsen-Mumford moduli space of marked points
on the sphere has a natural tiling by associahedra. We extend this idea to
create a moduli space tiled by cyclohedra. We explore the structure of this
space, coming from blow-ups of hyperplane arrangements, as well as discuss
possibilities of its role in knot theory and mathematical physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98795 </DOCNO>
Berry phase in homogeneous K\"ahler manifolds with linear Hamiltonians


  We study the total (dynamical plus geometrical (Berry)) phase of cyclic
quantum motion for coherent states over homogeneous K\"ahler manifolds X=G/H,
which can be considered as the phase spaces of classical systems and which are,
in particular cases, coadjoint orbits of some Lie groups G. When the
Hamiltonian is linear in the generators of a Lie group, both phases can be
calculated exactly in terms of {\em classical} objects. In particular, the
geometric phase is given by the symplectic area enclosed by the (purely
classical) motion in the space of coherent states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86663 </DOCNO>
Is There a 'Conservation of Information Law' for the Universe?


  What are the implications if the total 'information' in the universe is
conserved? Black holes might be 'logic gates' recomputing the 'lost
information' from incoming 'signals' from outside their event horizons into
outgoing 'signals' representing evaporative or radiative decay 'products' of
the reconfiguration process of the black hole quantum logic 'gate'. Apparent
local imbalances in the information flow can be corrected by including the
effects of the coupling of the vacuum 'reservoir' of information as part of the
total information involved in any evolutionary process. In this way perhaps the
'vacuum' computes the future of the observable universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87011 </DOCNO>
Process Physics: Inertia, Gravity and the Quantum


  Process Physics models reality as self-organising relational or semantic
information using a self-referentially limited neural network model. This
generalises the traditional non-process syntactical modelling of reality by
taking account of the limitations and characteristics of self-referential
syntactical information systems, discovered by Goedel and Chaitin, and the
analogies with the standard quantum formalism and its limitations. In process
physics space and quantum physics are emergent and unified, and time is a
distinct non-geometric process. Quantum phenomena are caused by fractal
topological defects embedded in and forming a growing three-dimensional fractal
process-space. Various features of the emergent physics are briefly discussed
including: quantum gravity, quantum field theory, limited causality and the
Born quantum measurement metarule, inertia, time-dilation effects, gravity and
the equivalence principle, a growing universe with a cosmological constant,
black holes and event horizons, and the emergence of classicality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129192 </DOCNO>
On the absence of wind bow-shocks around OB-runaway stars: probing the


  High-resolution IRAS maps are used to search for the presence of stellar-wind
bow-shocks around high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). Their high space
velocities, recently confirmed with Hipparcos observations, combined with their
strong stellar winds should result in the formation of wind bow-shocks. Except
for the already known bow-shock around Vela X-1 (Kaper et al. 1997), we do not
find convincing evidence for a bow-shock around any of the other HMXBs. Also in
the case of (supposedly single) OB-runaway stars, only a minority appears to be
associated with a bow-shock (Van Buren et al. 1995). We investigate why wind
bow-shocks are not detected for the majority of these OB-runaway systems: is
this due to the IRAS sensitivity, the system's space velocity, the stellar-wind
properties, or the height above the galactic plane? It turns out that none of
these suggested causes can explain the low detection rate (~40%). We propose
that the conditions of the interstellar medium mainly determine whether a wind
bow-shock is formed or not. In hot, tenuous media (like inside galactic
superbubbles) the sound speed is high (~100 km/s), such that many runaways move
at subsonic velocity through a low-density medium, thus preventing the
formation of an observable bow-shock. Superbubbles are expected (and observed)
around OB associations, where the OB-runaway stars were once born. Turning the
argument around, we use the absence (or presence) of wind bow-shocks around OB
runaways to probe the physical conditions of the interstellar medium in the
solar neighbourhood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85850 </DOCNO>
Gravitational decoherence of planetary motions


  We study the effect of the scattering of gravitational waves on planetary
motions, say the motion of the Moon around the Earth. Though this effect has a
negligible influence on dissipation, it dominates fluctuations and the
associated decoherence mechanism, due to the very high effective temperature of
the background of gravitational waves in our galactic environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114142 </DOCNO>
Anthropic Fluctuations vs. Weak Anthropic Principle


  A modern assessment of the classical Boltzmann-Schuetz argument for
large-scale entropy fluctuations as the origin of our observable cosmological
domain is given. The emphasis is put on the central implication of this picture
which flatly contradicts the weak anthropic principle as an epistemological
statement about the universe. Therefore, to associate this picture with the
anthropic principle as it is usually done is unwarranted. In particular,
Feynman's criticism of the anthropic principle based on the entropy-fluctuation
picture is a product of this semantic confusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73955 </DOCNO>
\$tring Theory and an Accelerating Universe


  An accelerating Universe can be accommodated naturally within non-critical
string theory, in which scattering is described by a superscattering matrix \$
that does not factorize as a product of $S$- and $S^\dagger$-matrix elements
and time evolution is described by a modified Liouville equation characteristic
of open quantum-mechanical systems. We describe briefly alternative
representations in terms of the stochastic Ito and Fokker-Planck equations. The
link between the vacuum energy and the departure from criticality is stressed.
We give an explicit example in which non-marginal \$tring couplings cause a
departure from criticality, and the corresponding cosmological vacuum energy
relaxes to zero \`a la quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113470 </DOCNO>
From features to expression: High-density oligonucleotide array analysis


  One of the most popular tools for large scale gene expression studies are
high-density oligonucleotide (GeneChip(R)) arrays. These currently have 16-20
small probe cells (``features'') for evaluating the transcript abundance of
each gene. In addition, each probe is accompanied by a mismatched probe
designed as a control for non-specificity. An algorithm is presented to compute
comparative expression levels from the intensities of the individual features,
based on a statistical study of their distribution. Interestingly, MM probes
need not be included in the analysis. We show that our algorithm improves
significantly upon the current standard and leads to a substantially larger
number of genes brought above the noise floor for further analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128161 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Can there be a quark-matter core in a magnetar?"


  We comment on the paper by Tanusri Ghosh and Somenath Chakrabarty, Phys. Rev.
D63, 043006 (2001). In that paper it was argued that a first-order transition
to quark matter in the core of a magnetar is absolutely forbidden if its
magnetic field strength exceeds $10^{15}$ G. However, we show in this comment
that if the quark anomalous magnetic moment and the population of higher Landau
levels is taken into account, it may still be possible for a first-order phase
transition from nuclear matter to quark matter to occur in the core of a
magnetar. These effects may also obscure the question of whether beta
equilibrium favors strange quark matter in the core of a magnetar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7012 </DOCNO>
Spin and density overlaps in the frustrated Ising lattice gas


  We perform large scale simulations of the frustrated Ising lattice gas, a
three-dimensional lattice model of a structural glass, using the parallel
tempering technique. We evaluate the spin and density overlap distributions,
and the corresponding non-linear susceptibilities, as a function of the
chemical potential. We then evaluate the relaxation functions of the spin and
density self-overlap, and study the behavior of the relaxation times. The
results suggest that the spin variables undergo a transition very similar to
the one of the Ising spin glass, while the density variables do not show any
sign of transition at the same chemical potential. It may be that the density
variables undergo a transition at a higher chemical potential, inside the phase
where the spins are frozen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98207 </DOCNO>
The conformal theory of Alexandrov embedded constant mean curvature


  We first prove a general gluing theorem which creates new nondegenerate
constant mean curvature surfaces by attaching half Delaunay surfaces with small
necksize to arbitrary points of any nondegenerate CMC surface. The proof uses
the method of Cauchy data matching from \cite{MP}, cf. also \cite{MPP}. In the
second part of this paper, we develop the consequences of this result and (at
least partially) characterize the image of the map which associates to each
complete, Alexandrov-embedded CMC surface with finite topology its associated
conformal structure, which is a compact Riemann surface with a finite number of
punctures. In particular, we show that this `forgetful' map is surjective when
the genus is zero. This proves in particular that the CMC moduli space has a
complicated topological structure. These latter results are closely related to
recent work of Kusner \cite{Ku}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128430 </DOCNO>
On the Origin of Lyman$\alpha$ Blobs at High Redshift: Submillimetric


  The most remarkable class of high-redshift objects observed so far is
extended Ly$\alpha$ emission-line blobs found in an over-density region at
redshift 3.1. They may be either a dust-enshrouded, extreme starburst galaxy
with a large-scale galactic outflow (superwind) or cooling radiation from dark
matter halos. Recently one of these Ly$\alpha$ blobs has been detected at
submillimeter wavelengths (450 and 850 $\mu$m). Here we show that its
rest-frame spectral energy distribution between optical and far-infrared is
quite similar to that of Arp 220, which is a typical ultraluminous
starburst/superwind galaxy in the local universe. This suggests strongly that
the superwind model proposed by Taniguchi & Shioya is applicable to this
Ly$\alpha$ blob. Since the blob is more luminous in the infrared by a factor of
30 than Arp 220, it comprises a new population of hyperwind galaxies at high
redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3695 </DOCNO>
A new phase in the bilayers of semiconductors in quantum Hall effect


  We find that a bilayer of semiconductors emits a new Goldstone quasiparticle
when Landau levels in the layers are half filled. The emission of the new
quasiparticle is associated with the divergence in the energy of the system
characteristic of a phase transition. There is a Bose condensation of the pairs
of quasiparticles in which one electron has spin up and the other down but the
orbital magnetic quantum number is very large so that the spin singlet is very
different from the Cooper pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74104 </DOCNO>
Mixing among light scalar mesons and L=1 q\bar{q} scalar mesons


  Following the re-establishment of the \sigma(600) and the \kappa(900), the
light scalar mesons a_0(980) and f_0(980) together with the \sigma(600) and the
\kappa(900) are considered as the chiral scalar partner of pseudoscalar nonet
in SU(3) chiral symmetry, and the high mass scalar mesons a_0(1450),
K^*_0(1430), f_0(1370) and f_0(1710) turned out to be considered as the L=1
q\bar{q} scalar mesons. We assume that the high mass of the L=1 q\bar{q} scalar
mesons is caused by the mixing with the light scalar mesons. For the structure
of the light scalar mesons, we adopted the qq\bar{q}\bar{q} model in order to
explain the "scalar meson puzzle". The inter-mixing between the light scalar
nonet and the high mass L=1 q\bar{q} nonet and the intra-mixing among each
nonet are analyzed by including the glueball into the high mass scalar nonet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6043 </DOCNO>
Coordinate Representation of the One-Spinon One-Holon Wavefunction and


  By deriving and studying the coordinate representation for the one-spinon
one-holon wavefunction we show that spinons and holons in the supersymmetric $t
- J$ model with $1/r^2$ interaction attract each other. The interaction causes
a probability enhancement in the one-spinon one-holon wavefunction at short
separation between the particles. We express the hole spectral function for a
finite lattice in terms of the probability enhancement, given by the one-spinon
one-holon wavefunction at zero separation. In the thermodynamic limit, the
spinon-holon attraction turns into the square-root divergence in the hole
spectral function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126182 </DOCNO>
A multivariate statistical analysis of spiral galaxy luminosities. I.


  We have performed a multiparametric analysis of luminosity data for a sample
of 234 normal spiral and irregular galaxies observed in X-rays with the {\it
Einstein Observatory}. This sample is representative of S and Irr galaxies,
with a good coverage of morphological types and absolute magnitudes. In
addition to X-ray and optical da ta, we have compiled H-band magnitudes, IRAS
near- and far-infrared, and 6cm radio co ntinuum observations for the sample
from the literature. We have also performed a carefu l compilation of distance
estimates. We have explored the effect of morphology by dividing the sample
into early (S0/a-Sab), intermediate (Sb-Sbc), and late-type (Sc-Irr)
subsamples. The data were analysed with bivariate and multiv ariate survival
analysis techniques that make full use of all the information available in both
detections and limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73324 </DOCNO>
A combined treatment of neutrino decay and neutrino oscillations


  Neutrino decay in vacuum has often been considered as an alternative to
neutrino oscillations. Because non-zero neutrino masses imply the possibility
of both neutrino decay and neutrino oscillations, we present a
model-independent formal treatment of these combined scenarios. For that, we
show for the example of Majoron decay that in many cases decay products are
observable and may even oscillate. Furthermore, we construct a minimal scenario
where we study the physical implications of neutrino oscillations with
intermediate decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169197 </DOCNO>
Optimal cloning for two pairs of orthogonal states


  We study the optimal cloning transformation for two pairs of orthogonal
states of two-dimensional quantum systems, and derive the corresponding optimal
fidelities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126310 </DOCNO>
2 um Narrow-band Adaptive Optics Imaging in the Arches Cluster


  Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope adaptive optics bonnette images through
narrow-band filters in the $K-$band are presented for the Arches cluster.
Continuum fluxes, line fluxes, and equivalent widths are derived from high
angular resolution images, some near diffraction limited, for the well known
massive stars in the Arches cluster. Images were obtained in the lines of
\ion{He}{1} 2.06 \mic, \ion{H}{1} Br$\gamma$ (2.17 \mic), and \ion{He}{2} 2.19
\mic as well as continuum positions at 2.03 \mic, 2.14 \mic, and 2.26 \mic. In
addition, fluxes are presented for \ion{H}{1} P$\alpha$ (1.87 \mic) and a
nearby continuum position (1.90 \mic) from Hubble Space Telescope archival
data. The 2 \mic and P$\alpha$ data reveal two new emission-line stars and
three fainter candidate emission-line objects. Indications for a spectral
change of one object between earlier observations in 1992/1993 and our data
from 1999 are found. The ratio of \ion{He}{2} 2.19 \mic to Br$\gamma$ emission
exhibits a narrow distribution among the stars, suggesting a narrow
evolutionary spread centered predominantly on spectral types O4 If or
Wolf-Rayet stars of the WN7 sub-type. From the approximate spectral types of
the identified emission-line stars and comparisons with evolutionary models we
infer a cluster age between $\sim$ 2 and 4.5 Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126032 </DOCNO>
Temporal and spectral gamma-ray properties of Mkn421 above 250 GeV from


  The gamma-ray emission above 250 GeV from the BL Lac object Markarian 421 was
observed by the CAT Cherenkov imaging telescope between December, 1996, and
June, 2000. In 1998, the source produced a series of small flares, making it
the second extragalactic source detected by CAT. The time-averaged differential
spectrum has been measured from 0.3 to 5 TeV, which is well fitted with a power
law with an index of -2.88+-0.12(stat)+-0.06(syst). In 2000, the source showed
an unprecedented activity, with variability time-scales as short as one hour,
as for instance observed during the night between 4 and 5 February. The 2000
time-averaged spectrum measured is compatible with that of 1998, but some
indication of a spectral curvature is found between 0.3 and 5 TeV. The
possibility of TeV spectral hardening during flares is also discussed, and the
results are compared to those obtained on the other TeV BL Lac, Markarian 501.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73466 </DOCNO>
EDM Constraints in Supersymmetric Theories


  We systematically analyze constraints on supersymmetric theories imposed by
the experimental bounds on the electron, neutron, and mercury electric dipole
moments. We critically reappraise the known mechanisms to suppress the EDMs and
conclude that only the scenarios with approximate CP-symmetry or
flavour-off-diagonal CP violation remain attractive after the addition of the
mercury EDM constraint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74270 </DOCNO>
CP and Flavour in Effective Type I String Models


  Effective type I string models allow stabilization of the dilaton and moduli
fields with only a single gaugino condensate. We show that, as well as breaking
supersymmetry, the stabilization can spontaneously break CP. We find that this
source of CP violation hints strongly at a natural solution to the
supersymmetric CP and flavour problems. Even though the CP violation generates
physical phases in the Yukawa couplings, all the supersymmetry breaking terms
are found to be automatically real and given by the U(1) charges of the
associated Yukawa couplings. These can be chosen to have a structure
(degenerate or non-universal) which suppresses FCNCs and EDMs. We examine the
phenomenological implications, including the generation of the $\mu$-term, and
the effect of higher order terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125484 </DOCNO>
The spectral energy distribution of Centaurus A (NGC 5128) - A summary


  Due to its proximity and its importance for the understanding of active
galaxies and their active nuclei (AGN), Centaurus A has been observed
frequently within the last 150 years in all accessible wavelength bands. Thus a
wealth of data exists which has been compiled into the "NASA Extragalactic
Database" (NED). Missing from this compilation are to date almost completely
the results of recent high energy observations as e.g. obtained by the Compton
Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO). A combination of those recent high energy results
with all other observations in the NED enables us for the first time to
establish the important spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of this closest
AGN in different emission states. The combined data have been analyzed to
produce SEDs which are from contemporaneous data and in addition an attempt was
made to derive SEDs which are spatially resolved, i.e. SEDs from observations
which can resolve nucleus and jet in Cen A are treated separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124052 </DOCNO>
NICMOS observations of high redshift radio galaxies: witnessing the


  We present the results of a near infrared imaging program of a sample of 19
radio galaxies with redshift between 1.7 and 3.2, using the NICMOS Camera 2 on
the Hubble Space Telescope. The galaxies were observed in H-band which, for 18
of the 19 targets, samples the rest-frame optical emission longwards of the
4000 A break. The images show a wide range of morphologies, from unresolved to
compact systems, to systems with substructures such as multiple emission peaks,
to systems comprised of several components spread over large areas. The
morphologies of 5 of the lowest redshift targets are well represented by a de
Vaucouleurs profile, consistent with them being elliptical galaxies. Their
average effective radius is a factor of 2 smaller than that of z=1 3CR radio
galaxies at similar restframe wavelengths. The near infrared continuum light is
generally well aligned with the radio axis and the aligned light has typical
V-H colors of around 3.5-4. For several galaxies where WFPC2 images were
available, we computed a high resolution map of the optical-to-infrared
spectral indices: all multi-component systems present net color gradients
between the various clumps. We argue that in these galaxies the continuum
emission has probably a stellar origin. Finally in many cases we observe nearby
faint objects close to the radio sources. The number density of these faint
objects is slightly higher than what is found in the deep NICMOS parallel
observations of random fields. These objects also tend to be aligned with the
radio sources axis, suggesting that they may be related to the presence of the
AGN. (shortened astro-ph version)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169254 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Lie group action on kinematical equivalence classes and


  The question of dynamical equivalence of kinematically equivalent quantum
states is addressed by studying the action of the dynamical Lie group of the
system on the kinematical equivalence classes of density matrices. It is shown
that the dynamical Lie group of a pure-state controllable system, which is not
density matrix controllable, acts transitively only on certain types of mixed
quantum states, while the dynamical Lie group of any non-controllable system
acts transitively only on the trivial kinematical equivalence class of
completely random ensembles. For systems with dynamical Lie group $Sp({1/2}N)$
or SO(N), explicit criteria for dynamical equivalence of states are presented
and illustrated by examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41308 </DOCNO>
A novel concept for a anti nu_e Neutrino Factory


  The evolution of neutrino physics demands new schemes to produce intense,
collimated and pure neutrino beams. The current neutrino factory concept
implies the production, collection, and storage of muons to produce beams of
muon and electron neutrinos at equal intensities at the same time. Research and
development addressing its feasibility are still going on. In the current
paper, we propose a new neutrino factory concept, that could possibly achieve
beams of similar intensity, perfectly known energy spectrum and a single
neutrino avour, electron anti- neutrino. The scheme relies on existing
technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76880 </DOCNO>
Chiral meson masses at the critical point from QCD in the improved


  Chiral meson masses at the critical point is investigated using QCD in the
improved ladder approximation. We calculate the effective potential at finite
temperature $T$ and quark chemical potential $\mu$ and find the critical point
at $T \simeq 95$ MeV, $\mu \simeq 290$ MeV. The chiral meson masses are
determined from the second derivative of the effective potential at its
minimum. We find that the sigma goes to massless at the critical point while
pion remains massive. Our results are consistent with that of the linear sigma
model in contrast to the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1843 </DOCNO>
Nonresonant B1g Raman scattering in the Hubbard model


  The numerically exact solution for nonresonant B1g Raman scattering is
presented for the half-filled Hubbard model in infinite dimensions. This
solution illustrates the modifications of the Raman response (in a system tuned
through the quantum-critical point of a metal-insulator transition) due to
Fermi-liquid properties in the metallic phase. In the insulating phase, we
recover the predicted universal behavior, while we find the Raman response is
quite anomalous on the metallic side of the transition. Our calculated results
are similar to those measured in FeSi, SmB6, and underdoped cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125209 </DOCNO>
Atomic diffusion in metal-poor stars: II. Predictions for the Spite


  We have computed a grid of up-to-date stellar evolutionary models including
atomic diffusion, in order to study the evolution with time of the surface Li
abundance in low-mass metal-poor stars. We discuss in detail the dependence of
the surface Li evolution on the initial metallicity and stellar mass, and
compare the abundances obtained from our models with the available Li
measurements in Pop II stars. While it is widely accepted that the existence of
the Spite Li-plateau for these stars is a strong evidence that diffusion is
inhibited, we show that, when taking into account observational errors,
uncertainties in the Li abundance determinations, in the effective temperature
scale, and in particular the size of the observed samples of stars, the Spite
plateau and the Li abundances in subgiant branch stars can be reproduced also
by models including fully efficient diffusion, provided that the most
metal-poor field halo objects are between 13.5 and 14 Gyr old. We provide the
value of the minimum number of plateau stars to observe, for discriminating
between efficient or inhibited diffusion. From our models with diffusion we
derive that the average Li abundance along the Spite plateau is about a factor
of 2 lower than the primordial one. As a consequence, the derived primordial Li
abundance is consistent with a high helium and low deuterium Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis; this implies a high cosmological baryon density as inferred
from the analyses of the cosmic microwave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98716 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in the composite regime of a disordered growth model


  We continue to study a model of disordered interface growth in two
dimensions. The interface is given by a height function on the sites of the
one--dimensional integer lattice and grows in discrete time: (1) the height
above the site $x$ adopts the height above the site to its left if the latter
height is larger, (2) otherwise, the height above $x$ increases by 1 with
probability $p_x$. We assume that $p_x$ are chosen independently at random with
a common distribution $F$, and that the initial state is such that the origin
is far above the other sites. Provided that the tails of the distribution $F$
at its right edge are sufficiently thin, there exists a nontrivial composite
regime in which the fluctuations of this interface are governed by extremal
statistics of $p_x$. In the quenched case, the said fluctuations are
asymptotically normal, while in the annealed case they satisfy the appropriate
extremal limit law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179508 </DOCNO>
What determines the $K^-$ multiplicity at energies around 1-2 AGeV?


  In heavy ion reactions at energies around 1-2 AGeV the measured $K^-$ yields
appear rather high as compared to pp collisions as shown by the KaoS
collaboration. Employing IQMD simulations, we show that this is caused by the
fact that the dominant production channel is not $BB\to BBK^+K^-$ but the
mesonic $\Lambda(\Sigma) \pi \to K^-B$ reaction. Because the $\Lambda $
($\Sigma$) stem from the reaction $BB \to \Lambda(\Sigma) K^+ B$, the $K^+$ and
the $K^-$ yield are strongly correlated, i.e. the $K^-/K^+$ ratio occurs to be
nearly independent of the impact parameter as found experimentally. $K^-$ are
continuously produced but also very quickly reabsorbed leading to an almost
identical rate for production and reabsorption. The final $K^-$ yield is
strongly influenced by the $K^+N$ (due to their production via the
$\Lambda(\Sigma)$) but very little by the $K^-$N potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129136 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Antiproton to Proton Abundance Ratio


  We present a new measurement of the antiproton to proton abundance ratio,
pbar/p, in the cosmic radiation. The HEAT-pbar instrument, a balloon borne
magnet spectrometer with precise rigidity and multiple energy loss measurement
capability, was flown successfully in Spring 2000, at an average atmospheric
depth of 7.2 g/cm^2. A total of 71 antiprotons were identified above the
vertical geomagnetic cut-off rigidity of 4.2 GV. The highest measured proton
energy was 81 GeV. We find that the pbar/p abundance ratio agrees with that
expected from a purely secondary origin of antiprotons produced by primary
protons with a standard soft energy spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148936 </DOCNO>
Ultra-violet Finite Noncommutative Theories


  We establish the ultra-violet finiteness of various classes of noncommutative
gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4372 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics and Spin Tunneling Dynamics in Ferric Wheels with Excess


  We study theoretically the thermodynamic properties and spin dynamics of a
class of magnetic rings closely related to ferric wheels, antiferromagnetic
ring systems, in which one of the Fe (III) ions has been replaced by a dopant
ion to create an excess spin. Using a coherent-state spin path integral
formalism, we derive an effective action for the system in the presence of a
magnetic field. We calculate the functional dependence of the magnetization and
tunnel splitting on the magnetic field and show that the parameters of the spin
Hamiltonian can be inferred from the magnetization curve. We study the spin
dynamics in these systems and show that quantum tunneling of the Neel vector
also results in tunneling of the total magnetization. Hence, the spin
correlation function shows a signature of Neel vector tunneling, and electron
spin resonance (ESR) techniques or AC susceptibility measurements can be used
to measure both the tunneling and the decoherence rate. We compare our results
with exact diagonalization studies on small ring systems. Our results can be
easily generalized to a wide class of nanomagnets, such as ferritin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72624 </DOCNO>
CP violation, the CKM matrix and New Physics


  Loop corrections for physics beyond the Standard Model are computed. DWe
discuss the influence of new physics on CP-violating observables. Assuming the
standard model gives a correct description of tree level processes, we show how
a consistent procedure can determine the parameters of the standard model and
check its validity also in loop induced processes. A method to include new
physics in a systematic way is sketched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75751 </DOCNO>
Lorentz violation and Hawking radiation


  Since the event horizon of a black hole is a surface of infinite redshift, it
might be thought that Hawking radiation would be highly sensitive to Lorentz
violation at high energies. In fact, the opposite is true for subluminal
dispersion. For superluminal dispersion, however, the outgoing black hole modes
emanate from the singularity in a state determined by unknown quantum gravity
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3081 </DOCNO>
Ab initio zone-center phonons in LiTaO3: comparison to LiNbO3


  The four A1-TO Gamma phonon frequencies in lithium tantalate are calculated
in the frozen-phonon approach from first principles using the full-potential
linearized augmented plane wave method. A good agreement with the experimental
data available is found for all modes; reliable displacement pattern of
different modes becomes available from the calculated eigenvectors. The Raman
spectra recorded for A1 modes in LiNbO3 exhibit a counter-intuitive softening
of the A1-TO3 mode frequency with respect to that measured in LiTaO3. We
explain this behaviour by a comparatively harder oxygen rotation in LiTaO3 and
discuss other differences in lattice dynamics of these two materials, namely a
notably delocalization of Ta and Li contributions over more that one
corresponding mode in LiTaO3, which is different from the situation in lithium
niobate. The Li isotope shift is predicted in the calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76929 </DOCNO>
Color-flavor locked strangelets and their detection


  Strange quark matter in a color-flavor locked state is significantly more
bound than ``ordinary'' strange quark matter. This increases the likelihood of
strangelet metastability or even absolute stability. Properties of color-flavor
locked strangelets are discussed and compared to ordinary strangelets. Apart
from differences in binding energy, the main difference is related to the
charge. A statistical sample of strangelets may allow experimental distinction
of the two. Preliminary estimates indicate that the flux of strangelets in
galactic cosmic rays could be sufficient to allow for strangelet discovery and
study in the upcoming Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS-02 cosmic ray experiment
on the International Space Station.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2108 </DOCNO>
Flexoelectric Instability in Nematic Liquid Crystal between Coaxial


  The stability of the equilibrium configurations of a nematic liquid crystal
confined between two coaxial cylinders is analysed when a radial electric field
is applied and the flexoelectric effect is taken into account. The threshold
for perturbations depending only on the radius r in the cylindrical coordinate
system and strong boundary conditions is studied. A new type of orientational
transition caused by pure flexoelectric effect is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174764 </DOCNO>
Properties of Groove Chambers


  Groove chambers with different pitch and gap height have been tested. Gas
amplifications of the order of a few times 10$^{3}$ have been obtained.
Combining a groove structure with a GEM pre-amplification foil a gas gain of
10$^{5}$ was reached. The device is robust and can be produced at low cost in
large sizes by a laser technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87167 </DOCNO>
Higher Dimensional Cosmological Model in Space-Time-Mass (STM) Theory of


  A new class of non-static higher dimensional vacuum solutions in space-time
-mass (STM) theory of gravity is found. This solution represent expanding
universe without big bang singularity and the higher dimension of these models
shrinks as they expands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129280 </DOCNO>
UV Imaging Polarimetry of the peculiar Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 477


  We present the results of UV imaging polarimetry of the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk
477 taken by the Faint Object Camera onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST).
  From a previous HST UV image (lambda ~ 2180A), Mrk 477 has been known to have
a pointlike bright UV hotspot in the central region, peculiar among nearby
Seyfert 2 galaxies. There are also claims of UV/optical variability, unusual
for a Seyfert 2 galaxy. Our data show that there is an off-nuclear scattering
region ~ 0."6 (~ 500 pc) NE from the hotspot. The data, after the subtraction
of the instrumental effect due to this bright hotspot region, might indicate
that the scattered light is also detected in the central 0."2 radius region and
is extended to a very wide angle. The hotspot location is consistent with the
symmetry center of the PA pattern, which represents the location of the hidden
nucleus, but our data do not provide a strong upper limit to the distance
between the symmetry center and the hotspot. We have obtained high spatial
resolution color map of the continuum which shows that the nuclear spiral arm
of 0."4 scale (~ 300pc) is significantly bluer than the off-nuclear mirror and
the hotspot region. The nature of the hotspot is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95841 </DOCNO>
Convex decomposition theory


  We use convex decomposition theory to (1) reprove the existence of a
universally tight contact structure on every irreducible 3-manifold with
nonempty boundary, and (2) prove that every toroidal 3-manifold carries
infinitely many nonisotopic, nonisomorphic tight contact structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7290 </DOCNO>
Neutron Irradiation of MgB2 Bulk Superconductors


  Sintered samples of MgB2 were irradiated in a fission reactor. Defects in the
bulk microstructure are produced during this process mainly by the 10B(n,a)7Li
reaction while collisions of fast neutrons with the lattice atoms induce much
less damage. Self-shielding effects turn out to be very important and lead to a
highly inhomogeneous defect distribution in the irradiated samples. The
resulting disorder enhances the normal state resistivity and the upper critical
field. The irreversibility line shifts to higher fields at low temperatures and
the measured critical current densities increase following irradiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169129 </DOCNO>
Quantum non ideal measurements


  We analyse non ideal quantum measurements described as scattering processes
providing an estimator of the measured quantity. The sensitivity is expressed
as an equivalent input noise. We address the Von Neumann problem of chained
measurements and show the crucial role of preamplification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96857 </DOCNO>
Fusion rules and logarithmic representations of a WZW model at


  The fusion products of admissible representations of the su(2) WZW model at
the fractional level k=-4/3 are analysed. It is found that some fusion products
define representations for which the spectrum of L_0 is not bounded from below.
Furthermore, the fusion products generate representations that are not
completely reducible and for which the action of L_0 is not diagonalisable. The
complete set of representations that is closed under fusion is identified, and
the corresponding fusion rules are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150111 </DOCNO>
R^4 corrections to conifolds and G_2 holonomy metrics


  Motivated by examples that appeared in the context of string theory - gauge
theory duality, we consider corrections to supergravity backgrounds induced by
higher derivative R^4+... terms in superstring effective action. We argue that
supersymmetric solutions that solve BPS conditions at the leading
(supergravity) order continue to satisfy a 1-st order ``RG-type'' system of
equations with extra source terms encoding string (or M-theory) corrections. We
illustrate this explicitly on the examples of R^4 corrections to the
generalized resolved and deformed 6-d conifolds and to a class of non-compact
7-d spaces with G_2 holonomy. Both types of backgrounds get non-trivial
modifications which we study in detail, stressing analogies between the two
cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97139 </DOCNO>
Eta Invariant and Conformal Cobordism


  In this note we study the problem of conformally flat structures bounding
conformally flat structures and show that the eta invariants give obstructions.
These lead us to the definition of an abelian group, the conformal cobordism
group, which classifies the conformally flat structures according to whether
they bound (higher dimensional) conformally flat structures in a conformally
invariant way. The eta invariant gives rise to a homomorphism from this group
to the circle group, which can be highly nontrivial. It remains an interesting
question of how to compute this group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86407 </DOCNO>
Nariai metric is the first example of the singularity free model


  This is just to point out that the Nariai metric is the first example of the
singularity free expanding perfect fluid cosmological model satisfying the weak
energy condition, $\rho>0, \rho+p=0$. It is a conformally non-flat Einstein
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124594 </DOCNO>
Physical Conditions in the Foreground Gas of Reflection Nebulae: NGC


  High resolution optical spectra of HD 37903 and HD 147009, which illuminate
the reflection nebulae, NGC 2023 and vdB 102, were obtained for comparison with
our results for HD 200775 and NGC 7023. Ground-based measurements of the
molecules, CH, C$_2$, and CN, and the atoms, Na I and K I, were analyzed to
extract physical conditions in the foreground cloud. Estimates of the gas
density, gas temperature and flux of ultraviolet radiation were derived and
were compared with the results from infrared and radio studies of the main
molecular cloud. The conditions are similar to those found in studies of
diffuse clouds. The foreground material is less dense than the gas in the
molecular cloud behind the star(s). The gas temperature was set at 40 K, the
temperature determined for the foreground gas in NGC 7023. The flux of
ultraviolet radiation was found to be less intense than in the molecular
material behind the star(s). The column densities of Na I and K I were
reproduced reasonably well when the extinction curve for the specific line of
sight was adopted. We obtained NEWSIPS data from the IUE archive for HD 37903
and HD 200775. The ultraviolet data on C I and CO allow extraction of the
physical conditions by alternate methods. General agreement among the various
diagnostics was found, leading to self-consistent pictures of the foreground
photodissociation regions. An Appendix describes checks on the usefulness of
IUE NEWSIPS data for interstellar studies. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123975 </DOCNO>
Detecting Galactic MACHOs with VERA through Astrometric Microlensing of


  In this paper we investigate the properties of astrometric microlensing of
distant radio sources (QSOs and radio galaxies) due to MACHOs, and discuss
their implications for VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry). First we
show that in case of astrometric microlensing of distant sources, the event
duration is only a function of the lens mass and tangential velocity, but
independent of the lens distance, in contrast to the well-known three-fold
degeneracy for photometric microlensing. Moreover, the lens mass $M$ is scaled
by the tangential velocity $v_\perp$ as $M\propto v_\perp$, rather than
$M\propto v_\perp^2$ which is the case for photometric microlensing. Thus, in
astrometric microlensing the dependence of the lens mass on the unknown
parameter $v_\perp$ is weaker, indicating that the duration of astrometric
microlensing event is a better quantity to study the mass of lensing objects
than that of photometric microlensing. We also calculate the optical depth and
event rate, and show that within 20$^\circ$ of the galactic center a typical
event rate for 10 $\mu$as-level shift is larger than $2.5 \times 10^{-4}$ event
per year, assuming that a quarter of the halo is made up with MACHOs. This
indicates that if one monitors a few hundred sources for $\sim$20 years, such
an astrometric microlensing event is detectable. Since a typical event duration
is found to be fairly long (5 to 15 years), the frequency of the monitoring
observation can be relatively low, i.e., once per six months, which is rather
reasonable for practical observations. We discuss practical strategy for
observing astrometric microlensing with VERA, and argue that an astrometric
microlensing event due to MACHOs can be detected by VERA within a few decades.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125252 </DOCNO>
The giant radio halo in Abell 2163


  New radio data is presented for the rich cluster Abell 2163. The cluster
radio emission is characterized by the presence of a radio halo, which is one
of the most powerful and extended halos known so far. In the NE peripheral
cluster region, we also detect diffuse elongated emission, which we classify as
a cluster relic. The cluster A2163 is very hot and luminous in X-ray. Its
central region is probably in a highly non relaxed state, suggesting that this
cluster is likely to be a recent merger. The existence of a radio halo in this
cluster confirms that halos are associated with hot massive clusters, and
confirms the connection between radio halos and cluster merger processes. The
comparison between the radio emission of the halo and the cluster X-ray
emission shows a close structural similarity. A power law correlation is found
between the radio and X-ray brightness, with index = 0.64. We also report the
upper limit to the hard X-ray emission, obtained from a BeppoSAX observation.
We discuss the implications of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3568 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of pseudogap probed by a local impurity


  The response to a local strong non-magnetic impurity in the pseudogap phase
is examined in two distinctly different scenarios: phase-fluctuation (PF) of
pairing field and d-density-wave (DDW) order. In the PF scenario, the resonance
state is generally double-peaked near the Fermi level, and is abruptly
broadened by vortex fluctuations slightly above the transition temperature. In
the DDW scenario, the resonance is single-peaked and remains sharp up to
gradual intrinsic thermal broadening, and the resonance energy is analytically
determined to be at minus of the chemical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129564 </DOCNO>
Hidden star-formation in the cluster of galaxies Abell 1689


  At a redshift of 0.18, Abell 1689 is so far the most distant cluster of
galaxies for which substantial mid-infrared (MIR) data have been published. We
present here the follow-up optical photometric and spectroscopic observations
which were used to study the individual properties of the galaxies members of
A1689. Sources with a low [15 micron] / [6.75 micron] flux ratio typically
consist of luminous passive early-type galaxies while those with a high MIR
color index are mainly luminous, blue, emission-line, morphologically disturbed
spirals, i.e. the star-forming galaxies usually associated with the
'Butcher-Oemler' effect. On the other hand, at least 30% of the 15 micron
sources have optical counterparts showing no evidence of current star-formation
activity, while their 15 micron emission is most likely due to obscured star
formation. We argue that the LW3 luminosity measured in the cluster members is
a reliable tracer of the total infrared luminosity, L(IR). We derive from L(IR)
a star-formation rate free of dust extinction, SFR(IR), which we compare with
that determined in the optical from the flux of the [OII] emission line,
SFR(opt). The highest total star formation rates (11 Msun/yr) and dust
extinction are measured in those galaxies exhibiting in their optical spectrum
a signature of a dusty starburst. In contrast, none of the galaxies with
post-starburst optical spectra has been detected by ISOCAM. We find a median
SFR(IR) of the LW3-detected galaxies of 2 Msun/yr, that is ten times higher
than the median SFR(opt) of the [OII] detected galaxies. The ratio
SFR(IR)/SFR(opt) is in fact very high, ranging between 10 and 100 for
LW3-detected galaxies with [OII] emission. We conclude that a major part, at
least 90%, of the star formation activity taking place in Abell 1689 is hidden.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98193 </DOCNO>
Semi-Stable Degeneration of Toric Varieties and Their Hypersurfaces


  We provide a construction of examples of semistable degeneration via toric
geometry. The applications include a higher dimensional generalization of
classical degeneration of K3 surface into 4 rational components, an algebraic
geometric version of decomposing K3 as the fiber sum of two E(1)'s as well as
it's higher dimensional generalizations, and many other new examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86304 </DOCNO>
An analysis of helium primordial nucleosynthesis with a variable


  The synthesis of helium in the early Universe depends on many input
parameters, including the value of the gravitational coupling during the period
when the nucleosynthesis takes place. We compute the primordial abundance of
helium as function of the gravitational coupling, using a semi-analytical
method, in order to track the influence of $G$ in the primordial
nucleosynthesis. To be specific, we construct a cosmological model with varying
$G$, using the Brans-Dicke theory. The greater the value of $G$ at
nucleosynthesis period, the greater the abundance of helium predicted. Using
the observational data for the abundance of the primordial helium, constraints
for the time variation of $G$ are established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74538 </DOCNO>
A Search for the Fourth SM Family Fermions and E_6 Quarks at $\mu


  The potential of $\mu ^{+}\mu ^{-}$ colliders to investigate the fourth SM
family fermions predicted by flavour democracy has been analyzed. It is shown
that muon colliders are advantageous for both pair production of fourth family
fermions and resonance production of fourth family quarkonia. Also isosinglet
quarks production at $\mu ^{+}\mu ^{-}$ colliders has been investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5910 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Studies of the Vibrational and Electronic Properties of


  We report Raman scattering and visible to near-infrared absorption spectra of
solid hydrogen under static pressure up to 285 GPa at 85-140 K. We obtain
pressure dependences of vibron and phonon modes in agreement with previously
determined to lower pressures. The results indicate the stability of the
ordered molecular phase III to the highest pressure reached and provide
constraints on the insulator-to-metal transition pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87256 </DOCNO>
In the Search of Singularity-Free Cosmological Models in Effective


  Fundamental theories, like strings, supergravity, Kaluza-Klein, lead after
dimensional reduction and a suitable choice of field configurations, to an
effective action in four dimensions where gravity is coupled non-mininally to
one scalar field, and minimally to another scalar field. These scalar fields
couple non-trivially between themselves. A radiation field is also considered
in this effective action. All the possibilities connected to those fundamental
theories are labeled by two parameters $n$ (related to the non-trivial coupling
of the scalar fields) and $\omega$, connected to the coupling of the
Brans-Dicke like field to gravity. Exact solutions are found, exhibiting a
singulariy-free behaviour, from the four dimensional point of view, for some
values of those parameter. The flatness and horizon problems for these
solutions are also analyzed. It is discussed to which extent the solutions
found are non-singular from the point of view of the original frames. This
reveals to be a much complex problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179280 </DOCNO>
Quark Model Study of The eta Photoproduction: Evidence for a New S11


  An extensive and systematic study of the recent eta photoproduction data up
to 1.2 GeV is presented within a chiral constituent quark model. A model
embodying all known nucleonic resonances shows clear need for a yet
undiscovered third S11 resonance in the second resonance region, for which we
determine the mass (1.729 GeV) and the total width (183 MeV). Furthermore, we
extract the configuration mixing angles, an important property of the
quark-quark interaction in the quark model, for the resonances S11(1535) and
S11(1650), as well as for the resonances D13(1520) and D13(1700). Our results
agree well with the quark model predictions. In addition, the partial eta N
decay widths and/or the photo-excitation helicity amplitudes for the nucleonic
resonances S11(1535), S11(1650), P11(1710), P13(1720), D13(1520), D13(1700),
D15(1675), and F15(1680) are also obtained in this approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129012 </DOCNO>
Hydromagnetic turbulence in computer simulations


  In ordinary turbulence research it has been a long standing tradition to
solve the equations in spectral space giving the best possible accuracy. This
is indeed a natural choice for incompressible problems with periodic
boundaries, but it is no longer optimal in many astrophysical circumstances. It
is argued that lower order spatial derivatives schemes are unacceptable in view
of their low overall accuracy, even when mass, momentum, and energy are
conserved to machine accuracy. High order finite difference schemes are
therefore found to be quite efficient and physically appropriate. They are also
easily and efficiently implemented on massively parallel computers. High order
schemes also yield sufficient overall accuracy. Our code uses centered finite
differences which make the adaptation to other problems simple. Since the code
is not written in conservative form, conservation of mass, energy and momentum
can be used to monitor to quality of the solution. A third order Runge-Kutta
scheme with 2N-storage is used for calculating the time advance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2486 </DOCNO>
Angular dependence of the bulk nucleation field Hc2 of aligned MgB2


  Studies on the new MgB2 superconductor, with a critical temperature Tc ~ 39
K, have evidenced its potential for applications although intense magnetic
relaxation effects limit the critical current density, Jc, at high magnetic
fields. This means that effective pinning centers must be added into the
material microstructure, in order to halt dissipative flux movements.
Concerning the basic microscopic mechanism to explain the superconductivity in
MgB2, several experimental and theoretical works have pointed to the relevance
of a phonon-mediated interaction, in the framework of the BCS theory. Questions
have been raised about the relevant phonon modes, and the gap and Fermi surface
anisotropies, in an effort to interpret spectroscopic and thermal data that
give values between 2.4 and 4.5 for the gap energy ratio. Preliminary results
on the anisotropy of Hc2 have shown a ratio, between the in-plane and
perpendicular directions, around 1.7 for aligned MgB2 crystallites and 1.8 for
epitaxial thin films. Here we show a study on the angular dependence of Hc2
pointing to a Fermi velocity anisotropy around 2.5. This anisotropy certainly
implies the use of texturization techniques to optimize Jc in MgB2 wires and
other polycrystalline components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75803 </DOCNO>
Gauge Mediation Models with Neutralino Dark Matter


  We study gauge mediation models of supersymmetry breaking with neutralino
LSP. These models are naturally realized by embedding the usual
four-dimensional gauge mediation models into a higher-dimensional spacetime
such as $M^4 \times S^1 / Z_{2}$. We calculate the relic abundance of the
neutralino LSP in these models and show that there exist wide parameter regions
where the neutralino LSP constitutes the dominant component of the cold dark
matter. These regions evade constraints from collider experiments such as Higgs
mass bounds and $b \ra s \gamma$, and also provide the value for the muon
anomalous magnetic moment which is consistent with the SUSY explanation of the
deviation from the standard model prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97484 </DOCNO>
A percolation formula


  Let $A$ be an arc on the boundary of the unit disk $U$. We prove an
asymptotic formula for the probability that there is a percolation cluster $K$
for critical site percolation on the triangular grid in $U$ which intersects
$A$ and such that 0 is surrounded by $K\cup A$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96561 </DOCNO>
Irrationality of values of zeta-function


  We present several results on the number of irrational and linear independent
values among $\zeta(s),\zeta(s+2),...,\zeta(s+2n)$, where $s>2$ is an odd
integer and $n>0$ is an integer. The main tool in our proofs is a certain
generalization of Rivoal's construction (math.NT/0008051, math.NT/0104221).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74022 </DOCNO>
Slepton Flavor Nonuniversality, the Muon EDM and its Proposed sensitive


  We analyze the electric dipole moment of the electron ($d_e$), of the neutron
($d_n$) and of the muon ($d_{\mu}$) using the cancellation mechanism in the
presence of nonuniversalities of the soft breaking parameters. It is shown that
the nonuniversalities in the slepton sector produce a strong violation of the
scaling relation $d_{\mu}/d_e\simeq m_{\mu}/m_e$ in the cancellation region. An
analysis of $d_e, d_n$ and $d_{\mu}$ under the constraints of the current
experimental limits on $d_e$ and $d_n$ and under the constraints of the recent
Brookhaven result on $g_{\mu}-2$ shows that in the non-scaling region $d_{\mu}$
can be as large as ($10^{-24}-10^{-23}$)ecm and thus within reach of the
recently proposed Brookhaven experiment for a sensitive search for $d_{\mu}$ at
the level of $10^{-24}$ ecm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114179 </DOCNO>
Application of density functional theory to line broadening: Cs atoms in


  We test the applicability of density functional theory (DFT) to spectral
perturbations taking an example of a Cs atom surrounded by superfluid helium.
The atomic DFT of helium is used to obtain the distribution of helium atoms
around the impurity atom, and the electronic DFT is applied to the excitations
of the atom, averaging over the ensemble of helium configurations. The shift
and broadening of the D1 and D2 absorption lines are quite well reproduced by
theory, suggesting that the DFT may be useful for describing spectral
perturbations in more complex environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150269 </DOCNO>
A Note on the Tachyon State in Vacuum String Field Theory


  We re-examine the recent proposal of Rastelli, Sen and Zwiebach on the
tachyon fluctuation of the vacuum string field theory representing a D25 brane,
originally considered by Hata and Kawano. We show that the tachyon state
satisfies the linearized equations of motion on-shell in the strong sense
thereby allowing us to calculate the ratio of energy density to the tension of
the D-brane to be $E_c/T_{25}\simeq \pi^2/3[1/16(ln2)^3]\simeq 0.62$. Our proof
relies on a careful handling of the limits ($n\to\infty$) involved in the
conformal theory description of the sliver and tachyon states. We conjecture
that the sliver state represents a single D25 brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4316 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Effects in the Pseudogap Phase: A Precursor


  We demonstrate that the observed dependences of $T_c$ and $T^*$ on small
magnetic fields can be readily understood in a precursor superconductivity
approach to the pseudogap phase. In this approach, the presence of a pseudogap
at $T_c$ (but not at $T^*$) and the associated suppression of the density of
states lead to very different sensitivities to pair-breaking perturbations for
the two temperatures. Our semi-quantitative results address the puzzling
experimental observation that the coherence length $\xi$ is weakly dependent on
hole concentration $x$ throughout most of the phase diagram. We present our
results in a form which can be compared with the recent experiments of
Shibauchi et al, and argue that orbital effects contribute in an important way
to the $H$ dependence of $T^*$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76039 </DOCNO>
L_e + L_\mu - L_\tau - L_s Symmetry and a Mixed 2+2 Scenario for


  Recent results from SuperKamiokande and SNO experiments have set severe
constraints on possible mixings of a light sterile neutrino, \nu_s, with the
three active species required for a simultaneous explanation of the solar,
atmospheric and LSND neutrino oscillation data. A consistent scheme has emerged
from a global analysis of the data wherein two of the neutrinos are nearly
degenerate with a mass of order 1 eV, that mix significantly with the two
lighter states. We present realizations of such a mixed 2+2 oscillation
scenario based on L_e + L_\mu - L_\tau - L_s symmetry (L_i stands for the ith
lepton number). Breaking of of this lepton number symmetry by a small mass term
for \nu_s leads to the required large mixings for both the atmospheric and the
solar neutrino oscillations. Sum rules for the neutrino oscillation parameters
are derived within this scheme, and are shown to be consistent with present
data. These models predict U_{e3} = 0.02-0.03, which can serve as a test of
this idea. We also present gauge models based on mirror extensions of the
Standard Model that naturally lead to a light sterile neutrino with the
required mixing pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1890 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear dynamics of the classical isotropic Heisenberg


  We identify two distinct low-energy sectors in the classical isotropic
antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-S chain. In the continuum limit, we show that
two types of rotation generators arise for the field in each sector. Using
these, the Lagrangian for sector I is shown to be that of the nonlinear sigma
model. Sector II has a null Lagrangian; Its Hamiltonian density is just the
Pontryagin term. Exact solutions are found in the form of magnons and
precessing pulses in I and moving kinks in II. The kink has `spin' S. Sector I
has a higher minimum energy than II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73416 </DOCNO>
QCD at small non-zero quark chemical potentials


  We study the effects of small chemical potentials associated with the three
light quark flavors in QCD. We use a low-energy effective field theory that
solely relies on the symmetries of the QCD partition function. We find three
different phases: a normal phase, a pion superfluid phase and a kaon superfluid
phase. The two superfluid phases are separated by a first order phase
transition, whereas the normal phase and either of the superfluid phases are
separated by a second order phase transition. We compute the quark-antiquark
condensate, the pion condensate and the kaon condensate in each phase, as well
as the isospin density, the strangeness density, and the mass spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73765 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the Unitarity Triangle, $\sin 2\beta$ and $K\to\pi\nu\bar\nu$


  We present a general discussion of the unitarity triangle from $\epsilon_K$,
$\Delta M_{d,s}$ and $K \to \pi\nu\overline{\nu}$ in models with minimal
flavour violation (MFV), allowing for arbitrary signs of the generalized
Inami--Lim functions $F_{tt}$ and $X$ relevant for $(\epsilon_K,\Delta
M_{d,s})$ and $K \to \pi\nu\overline{\nu}$, respectively. In the models in
which $F_{tt}$ has a sign opposite to the one in the Standard Model, i.e.
$F_{tt}<0$, the data for $(\epsilon_K, \Delta M_{d,s})$ imply an absolute lower
bound on the $B_d\to\psi K_{S}$ CP asymmetry $a_{\psi K_S}$ of 0.69, which is
substantially stronger than 0.42 arising in the case of $F_{tt}>0$. An
important finding of this paper is the observation that for given
$Br(K^+\to\pi^+\nu\overline{\nu})$ and $a_{\psi K_S}$ only two values for
$Br(K_{L}\to\pi^0\nu\overline{\nu})$, corresponding to the two signs of $X$,
are possible in the full class of MFV models, independently of any new
parameters arising in these models. This provides a powerful test for this
class of models. Moreover, we derive absolute lower and upper bounds on
$Br(K_{L}\to\pi^0\nu\overline{\nu})$ as functions of
$Br(K^+\to\pi^+\nu\overline{\nu})$. Using the present experimental upper bounds
on $Br(K^+\to\pi^+\nu\overline{\nu})$ and $|V_{ub}/V_{cb}|$, we obtain the
absolute upper bound $Br(K_{L}\to\pi^0\nu\overline{\nu})< 7.1 \cdot 10^{-10}$
(90% C.L.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5041 </DOCNO>
Josephson Effect between Condensates with Different Internal Structures


  A general formula for Josephson current in a wide class of hybrid junctions
between different internal structures is derived on the basis of the Andreev
picture. The formula extends existing formulae and also enables us to analyze
novel B-phase/A-phase/B-phase (BAB) junctions in superfluid helium three
systems, which are accessible to experiments. It is predicted that BAB
junctions will exhibit two types of current-phase relations associated with
different internal symmetries. A ``pseudo-magnetic interface effect'' inherent
in the system is also revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98945 </DOCNO>
Quantum Finance: The Finite Dimensional Case


  In this paper, we present a non-commutative version of some portions of
finance theory, including theory of arbitrage, asset princing, and optional
decomposition in financial markets based on finite dimensional quantum
probability spaces. The binomial model (or, the CRR-model) is studied in the
non-commutative setting, and in particular, we prove that a single-step model
in non-commutative setting must be incomplete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128908 </DOCNO>
Projection effects in X-ray cores of cooling flow galaxy clusters


  Recent analyses of XMM and Chandra data of the cores of X-ray bright clusters
of galaxies show that modeling with a multi-phase gas in which several
temperatures and densities are in equilibrium might not be appropriate.
Instead, a single-phase model seems able to reproduce properly the spectra
collected in annuli from the central region. The measured single-phase
temperature profiles indicate a steep positive gradient in the central 100-200
kpc and the gas density shows a flat profile in the central few tens of kpc.
Given this observational evidence, we estimate the contribution to the
projected-on-the-sky rings from the cluster emissivity as function of the shell
volume fraction sampled. We show that the observed projected X-ray emission
mimics the multi-phase status of the plasma even though the input distribution
is single-phase. This geometrical projection affects (i) analyses of data where
insufficient spatial resolution is accessible, (ii) the central bin when its
dimension is comparable to the extension of any flatness in the central gas
density profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73396 </DOCNO>
New Pattern of Chiral Symmetry Restoration


  In this talk I summarize our recent works on the chiral symmetry restoration
in the large flavor QCD using the hidden local symmetry (HLS) as an effective
field theory of QCD. Bare parameters in the HLS are determined by matching the
HLS with QCD at the matching scale through the Wilsoninan matching conditions.
This Wilsonian matching leads to the vector manifestation of the Wigner
realization of the chiral symmetry in which the symmetry is restored by the
massless degenerate pion (and its flavor partners) and rho meson (and its
flavor partners) as the chiral partner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75917 </DOCNO>
Gluon Shadowing and Hadron Production at RHIC


  Hadron multiplicity in the central rapidity region of high-energy heavy-ion
collisions is investigated within a two-component mini-jet model which consists
of soft and semi-hard particle production. The hard contribution from mini-jets
is reevaluated using the latest parameterization of parton distributions and
nuclear shadowing. The energy dependence of the experimental data from RHIC
requires a strong nuclear shadowing of the gluon distribution in this model.
The centrality dependence of the hadron multiplicity at $\sqrt{s}=130$ GeV is
reproduced well with the impact-parameter dependent parton shadowing. However,
energy variation of the centrality dependence is needed to distinguish
different particle production mechanisms such as the parton saturation model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74752 </DOCNO>
The Use of Analyticity in the $\pi\pi$ and $K\bar K$ Coupled Channel


  Studies on the IJ=00 $\pi\pi$ and $K\bar K$ coupled--channel system are made
using newly derived dispersion relations between the phase shifts and poles and
cuts. It is found that the $\sigma$ resonance must be introduced to explain the
experimental phase shifts, after evaluating the cut contribution. The effects
of nearby branch point singularities to the determination of the $f_0(980)$
resonance are also carefully clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128707 </DOCNO>
On the effective temperature scale of O stars


  We rediscuss the temperature of O dwarfs based on new non-LTE line blanketed
atmosphere models including stellar winds computed with the CMFGEN code of
Hillier & Miller (1998). Compared to the latest calibration of Vacca et al.
(1996), the inclusion of line blanketing leads to lower effective temperatures,
typically by 4000 to 1500 K for O3 to O9.5 dwarf stars. The dependence of the
Teff-scale on stellar and model parameters - such as mass loss,
microturbulence, and metallicity - is explored, and model predictions are
compared to optical observations of O stars. Even for an SMC metallicity we
find a non-negligible effect of line blanketing on the Teff-scale. The
temperature reduction implies downward revisions of luminosities by 0.1 dex and
Lyman continuum fluxes Q0 by approximately 40% for dwarfs of a given spectral
type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2445 </DOCNO>
Parallel dynamics and computational complexity of the Bak-Sneppen model


  The parallel computational complexity of the Bak-Sneppen evolution model is
studied. It is shown that Bak-Sneppen histories can be generated by a massively
parallel computer in a time that is polylogarithmic in the length of the
history. In this parallel dynamics, histories are built up via a nested
hierarchy of avalanches. Stated in another way, the main result is that the
logical depth of producing a Bak-Sneppen history is exponentially less than the
length of the history. This finding is surprising because the self-organized
critical state of the Bak-Sneppen model has long range correlations in time and
space that appear to imply that the dynamics is sequential and history
dependent. The parallel dynamics for generating Bak-Sneppen histories is
contrasted to standard Bak-Sneppen dynamics. Standard dynamics and an alternate
method for generating histories, conditional dynamics, are both shown to be
related to P-complete natural decision problems implying that they cannot be
efficiently implemented in parallel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128111 </DOCNO>
Variability of accretion flow in the core of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151


  We analyze observations of the galaxy NGC 4151 covering 90 years in the
optical band and 27 years of the 2-10 keV X-ray band. We compute the Normalized
Power Spectrum Density (NPSD), the Structure Function (SF) and the
Autocorrelation Function (ACF) for these data. The results show that the
optical and X-ray variability are essentially different. X-ray variations are
predominantly in the timescale range of 10 - 1000 days. The optical variations
have also a short timescale component which is related to X-ray variability but
the dominant effect is the long timescale variability, with timescales of order
of $\sim$ 12 years. We compare our results with observations of NGC 5548 and
Cyg X-1. We conclude that the long timescale variability may be caused by
radiation pressure instability in the accretion disk, although the observed
timescale in NGC 4151 is by a factor of few longer than expected. X-ray
variability of this source is very similar to what is observed in Cyg X-1, if
scaled down with the mass of the black hole, which suggests that the radiation
pressure instability does not affect considerably the X-ray production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148412 </DOCNO>
Quantized bulk scalar fields in the Randall-Sundrum brane-model


  We examine the lowest order quantum corrections to the effective action
arising from a quantized real scalar field in the Randall-Sundrum background
spacetime. The leading term is the familiar vacuum, or Casimir, energy density.
The next term represents an induced gravity term that can renormalize the
4-dimensional Newtonian gravitational constant. The calculations are performed
for an arbitrary spacetime dimension. Two inequivalent boundary conditions,
corresponding to twisted and untwisted field configurations, are considered. A
careful discussion of the regularization and renormalization of the effective
action is given, with the relevant counterterms found. It is shown that the
requirement of self-consistency of the Randall-Sundrum solution is not simply a
matter of minimizing the Casimir energy density. The massless, conformally
coupled scalar field results are obtained as a special limiting case of our
results. We clarify a number of differences with previous work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74864 </DOCNO>
Phi Mesons from a Hadronic Fireball


  Production of $\phi$ mesons is considered in the course of heavy-ion
collisions at SPS energies. We investigate the possible difference in momentum
distributions of $\phi$ mesons measured via their leptonic ($\mu^+\mu^-$) and
hadronic ($K^+K^-$) decays. Rescattering of secondary kaons in the dense hadron
gas together with the influence of in-medium kaon potential can lead to a
relative decrease of a $\phi$ yield observed in the hadronic channel. We
analyze how the in-medium modifications of meson properties affect apparent -
reconstructed momentum distributions of $\phi$ mesons. Quantitative results are
presented for central Pb+Pb collisions at $E_{beam}=158 GeV/A$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124654 </DOCNO>
A Complete Relativistic Ionized Accretion Disc in Cygnus X-1


  The galactic black hole candidate Cygnus X-1 is observed to be in one of two
X-ray spectral states; either the low/hard (low soft X-ray flux and a flat
power law tail) or high/soft (high blackbody-like soft X-ray flux and a steep
power law tail) state. The physical origin of these two states is unclear. We
present here a model of an ionized accretion disc, the spectrum of which is
blurred by relativistic effects, and fit it to the ASCA, Ginga and EXOSAT data
of Cygnus X-1 in both spectral states. We confirm that relativistic blurring
provides a much better fit to the low/hard state data and, contrary to some
previous results, find the data of both states to be consistent with an ionized
thin accretion disc with a reflected fraction of unity extending to the
innermost stable circular orbit around the black hole. Our model is an
alternative to those which, in the low/hard state, require the accretion disc
to be truncated at a few tens of Schwarzschild radii, within which there is a
Thomson-thin, hot accretion flow. We suggest a mechanism that may cause the
changes in spectral state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174650 </DOCNO>
Near Threshold K+K- Meson-Pair Production in Proton-Proton Collisions


  The near threshold total cross section and angular distributions of K+K- pair
production via the reaction pp --> ppK+K- have been studied at an excess energy
of Q = 17 MeV using the COSY-11 facility at the cooler synchrotron COSY. The
obtained cross section as well as an upper limit at an excess energy of Q = 3
MeV represent the first measurements on the K+K- production in the region of
small excess energies where production via the channel pp --> pp Phi --> ppK+K-
is energetically forbidden. The possible influence of a resonant production via
intermediate scalar states f0(980) and a0(980) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73481 </DOCNO>
Discrete Symmetries and Localization in a Brane-world


  Discrete symmetries are studied in warped space-times with one extra
dimension. In particular, we analyze the compatibility of five- and
four-dimensional charge conjugation, parity, time reversal and the orbifold
symmetry Z_2 with localization of fermions on the four-dimensional brane-world
and Lorentz invariance. We then show that, when a suitable topological scalar
field (the ``kink'') is included, fermion localization is a consequence of
(five-dimensional) CPT invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86880 </DOCNO>
On Holomorphic Factorization in Asymptotically AdS 3D Gravity


  It has been known for a while that some CFT's are related to 3D TQFT's, the
canonical example being the relation between WZW and CS theories. The relation
is that the space of holomorphic conformal blocks of a CFT essentially
coincides with the Hilbert space of the corresponding TQFT. It was conjectured
some time ago by H. Verlinde that, at least for some CFT's, there exists a
similar CFT-TQFT relation at the level of the full partition function, and that
the relevant TQFT is 3D gravity. This conjecture was motivated by the fact that
the action of 3D gravity can be represented as two CS actions and thus the
gravitational partition function is a product. This resembles holomorphic
factorization. In this paper we demonstrate that Verlinde's conjecture is
correct. We study the partition function of asymptotically AdS 3D gravity and
show that it holomorphically factorizes. Asymptotically AdS 3D gravity is
therefore related to a CFT. This relation, which of course fits into the
general scheme of AdS/CFT correspondence, gives an example of the conjectured
by H. Verlinde CFT-TQFT relation at the level of the full partition function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5612 </DOCNO>
Mixed-Valence Tetranuclear Manganese Single-Molecule Magnets


  The preparations, X-ray structures, and detailed physical characterizations
are presented for two new mixed-valence tetranuclear manganese complexes that
function as single-molecule magnets (SMM's): [Mn4(hmp)6Br2(H2O)2]Br2.4H2O and
[Mn4(6-me-hmp)6Cl4].4H2O, where hmp- is the anion of 2-hydroxymethylpyridine
and 6-me-hmp- is the anion of 6-methyl-2-hydroxymethylpyridine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97884 </DOCNO>
Determination of the Spectral Gap for Kac's Master Equation and Related


  We present a method for bounding, and in some cases computing, the spectral
gap for systems of many particles evolving under the influence of a random
collision mechanism. In particular, the method yields the exact spectral gap in
a model due to Mark Kac of energy conserving collisions with one dimensional
velocities. It is also sufficiently robust to provide qualitatively sharp
bounds also in the case of more physically realistic momentum and energy
conserving collisions in three dimensions, as well as a range of related
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168069 </DOCNO>
A class of symmetric controlled quantum operations


  Certain quantum gates, such as the controlled-NOT gate, are symmetric in
terms of the operation of the control system upon the target system and vice
versa. However, no operational criteria yet exist for establishing whether or
not a given quantum gate is symmetrical in this sense. We consider a
restricted, yet broad, class of two-party controlled gate operations for which
the gate transforms a reference state of the target into one of an orthogonal
set of states. We show that for this class of gates it is possible to establish
a simple necessary and sufficient condition for the gate operation to be
symmetric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7502 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity of Generation, Selection, and Classification Procedures for


  Hard-particle packings have served as useful starting points to study the
structure of diverse systems such as liquids, living cells, granular media,
glasses, and amorphous solids. Howard Reiss has played a major role in helping
to illuminate our understanding of hard-particle systems, which still offer
scientists many interesting conundrums. Jammed configurations of hard particles
are of great fundamental and practical interest. What one precisely means by a
"jammed" configuration is quite subtle and considerable ambiguity remains in
the literature on this question. We will show that there is a multiplicity of
generation, selection, and classification procedures for jammed configurations
of identical d-dimensional spheres. We categorize common ordered lattices
according to our definitions and discuss implications for random disk and
sphere packings. We also show how the concept of rigidity percolation (which
has been used to understand the mechanical properties of network glasses) can
be generalized to further characterize hard-sphere packings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 223 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of the Self-Gravitating Gas: I. Thermodynamic


  We provide a complete picture to the selfgravitating non-relativistic gas at
thermal equilibrium using Monte Carlo simulations, analytic mean field methods
(MF) and low density expansions. The system is shown to possess an infinite
volume limit in the grand canonical (GCE), canonical (CE) and microcanonical
(MCE) ensembles when(N, V) --> infinity, keeping N/ V^{1/3} fixed. We compute
the equation of state (we do not assume it as is customary), as well as the
energy, free energy, entropy, chemical potential, specific heats, compressibi-
lities and speed of sound;we analyze their properties, signs and singularities.
All physical quantities turn out to depend on a single variable eta = G m^2 N/
[V^{1/3} T] that is kept fixed in the N--> infinity and V --> infinity limit.
The system is in a gaseous phase for eta < eta_T and collapses into a dense
objet for eta > \eta_T in the CE with the pressure becoming large and negative.
At eta simeq eta_T the isothermal compressibility diverges. Our Monte Carlo
simulations yield eta_T simeq 1.515. PV/[NT] = f(eta) and all physical magni-
tudes exhibit a square root branch point at eta = eta_C > eta_T. The MF for
spherical symmetry yields eta_C = 1.561764.. while Monte Carlo on a cube yields
eta_C simeq 1.540.The function f(eta) has a second Riemann sheet which is only
physically realized in the MCE.In the MCE, the collapse phase transition takes
place in this second sheet near eta_MC = 1.26 and the pressure and temperature
are larger in the collapsed phase than in the gas phase.Both collapse phase
transitions (CE and MCE) are of zeroth order since the Gibbs free energy jumps
at the transitions. f(eta), obeys in MF a first order non-linear differential
equation of first kind Abel's type.The MF gives an extremely accurate picture
in agreement with Monte Carlo both in the CE and MCE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2120 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic bubble coarsening in off-critical vapour-liquid phase


  Late-stage coarsening in off-critical vapour-liquid phase separation is
re-examined. In the limit of bubbles of vapour distributed throughout a
continuous liquid phase, it is argued that coarsening proceeds via inertial
hydrodynamic bubble collapse. This replaces the Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner
mechanism seen in binary liquid mixtures. The arguments are strongly supported
by simulations in two dimensions using a novel single-component soft sphere
fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74785 </DOCNO>
The Inflatino Problem in Supergravity Inflationary Models


  We consider the potential problems due to the production of inflatinos and
gravitinos after inflation. Inflationary models with a single scale set by the
microwave background anisotropies have a low enough reheat temperature to avoid
problems with the thermal production of gravitinos. Moreover, the nonthermal
production of gravitinos has been shown to be sufficiently small if the sector
ultimately responsible for supersymmetry breaking is coupled only
gravitationally to the inflationary sector. Still, in some models, inflatinos
can be created during preheating with a substantial abundance. The main
contribution to the gravitino abundance may thus come from their decay into the
inflaton, or into its scalar partner, as well as from the inverse processes. We
show that this production needs to be strongly suppressed. This suppression can
be realized in the simplest scenarios which typically have a sufficiently high
inflationary scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169246 </DOCNO>
Some Advantages of a Local Realist, 3D Wave Soliton Approach to EPR


  Not only are the foundation theories mutually compatible, they are also
compatible with local realism once this concept is properly formulated (without
presuming atomism in addition to locality). Relativity Theory is reconstructed
in the context of a preferred frame, but so as to secure the Relativity
Principle in every experiment except the measurement of the preferred frame,
defined by a null result for the dipole component of the Microwave Background
Radiation (MBR). The 3D soliton approach to physical modelling is found to be
consistent with both Special Relativity and Quantum Mechanical Nonlocality,
exemplified by the EPR paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127343 </DOCNO>
Quiet Sun coronal heating: analyzing large scale magnetic structures


  Recent measurements of quiet Sun heating events by Krucker and Benz (1998)
give strong support to Parker's (1988) hypothesis that small scale dissipative
events make the main contribution to the quiet heating. Moreover, combining
their observations with the analysis by Priest et al. (2000), it can be
concluded that the sources driving these dissipative events are also small
scale sources, typically of the order of (or smaller than) 2000 km and the
resolution of modern instruments. Thus arises the question of how these small
scale events participate into the larger scale observable phenomena, and how
the information about small scales can be extracted from observations. This
problem is treated in the framework of a simple phenomenological model
introduced in Krasnoselskikh et al. (2001), which allows to switch between
various small scale sources and dissipative processes. The large scale
structure of the magnetic field is studied by means of Singular Value
Decomposition (SVD) and a derived entropy, techniques which are readily
applicable to experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179411 </DOCNO>
Toroidal dipole resonances in the relativistic random phase


  The isoscalar toroidal dipole strength distributions in spherical nuclei are
calculated in the framework of a fully consistent relativistic random phase
approximation. It is suggested that the recently observed "low-lying component
of the isoscalar dipole mode" might in fact correspond to the toroidal giant
dipole resonance. Although predicted by several theoretical models, the
existence of toroidal resonances has not yet been confirmed in experiment. The
strong mixing between the toroidal resonance and the dipole compression mode
might help to explain the large discrepancy between theory and experiment on
the position of isoscalar giant dipole resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168140 </DOCNO>
Unveiled reality: comment on d'Espagnat's note on measurement


  According to d'Espagnat we must choose between nonlinear breaks in quantum
state evolution and weak objectivity. In this comment it is shown that this
choice is forced on us by an inconsistent pseudo-realistic interpretation of
quantum states. A strongly objective one-world interpretation of linear quantum
mechanics is presented. It is argued that the weak objectivity favored by
d'Espagnat is, in fact, inconsistent with quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77083 </DOCNO>
CKM Matrix: Status and New Developments


  An analysis of the CKM matrix parameters within the {\it R}fit approach is
presented using updated input values with special emphasis on the recent
$\sin{2\beta}$ measurements from BABAR and Belle. The QCD Factorisation
Approach describing $B \to \pi\pi,K\pi$ decays has been implemented in the
software package CKMfitter. Fits using branching ratios and CP asymmetries are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129597 </DOCNO>
The Coimbra Experiment: Report from Group 12


  We describe the approach adopted by our group to derive the star formation
history (SFH) of the chosen LMC field, as part of the experiment to compare the
predictions obtained by different groups with the synthetic Colour-Magnitude
diagram method. We point out what are the evolutionary characteristics of the
observed stellar populations, and present the SFH scenario which appears to
better account for them. We emphasize the importance of adopting a {\it
critical} approach when dealing with this method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96276 </DOCNO>
Sur la cohomologie de la puissance symetrique du fibre tautologique sur


  We compute some cohomology spaces for the symmetric power of the tautological
bundle tensor the determinant bundle on the punctual Hilbert scheme of a
complex smooth projective surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76215 </DOCNO>
On a Manifestation of Dibaryon Resonances in the Structure of


  A manifestation of narrow diproton resonances in the early discovered global
structure of proton-proton total cross section at low energies is discussed. It
is also discussed the existence of new particle with the mass $1.833 MeV$
predicted early.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168589 </DOCNO>
Preparation of decoherence-free, subradiant states in a cavity


  The cause of decoherence in a quantum system can be traced back to the
interaction with the environment. As it has been pointed out first by Dicke, in
a system of N two-level atoms where each of the atoms is individually dipole
coupled to the environment, there are collective, subradiant states, that have
no dipole coupling to photon modes, and therefore they are expected to decay
slower. This property also implies that these type of states, which form an N-1
dimensional subspace of the atomic subsytem, also decohere slower. We propose a
scheme which will create such states. First the two-level atoms are placed in a
strongly detuned cavity and one of the atoms, called the control atom is
excited. The time evolution of the coupled atom-cavity system leads to an
appropriately entangled state of the atoms. By applying subsequent laser pulses
at a well defined time instant, it is possible to drive the atomic state into
the subradiant, i. e., decoherence free subspace. Up to a certain average
number of the photons, the result is independent of the state of the cavity.
The analysis of the conditions shows that this scheme is feasible with present
day techniques achieved in atom cavity interaction experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6428 </DOCNO>
Isotropic-Nematic Transition in Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers


  In liquid-crystalline elastomers, the nematic order parameter and the induced
strain vary smoothly across the isotropic-nematic transition, without the
expected first-order discontinuity. To investigate this smooth variation, we
measure the strain as a function of temperature over a range of applied stress,
for elastomers crosslinked in the nematic and isotropic phases, and analyze the
results using a variation on Landau theory. This analysis shows that the smooth
variation arises from quenched disorder in the elastomer, combined with the
effects of applied stress and internal stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126611 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the bias parameter from weak lensing


  We have measured the correlation between the lensing signal induced by (dark)
matter and number counts of galaxies on scales ranging from 0.15-3.0
h_{50}^{-1} Mpc (which correspond to aperture radii of 1-15 arcminutes). This
provides a direct probe of the scale dependence of the ratio of the classical
bias parameter b and the galaxy-mass correlation coefficient r. The results
presented here are based on 16 deg^2 of R_C band data taken with the CFHT as
part of the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey. We used a sample of lens galaxies with
19.5<R_C<21, and a sample of source galaxies with 21.5<R_C<24. The results are
consistent with a scale independent value of b/r, which provides valuable
constraints on models of galaxy formation on scales that can only be probed
through weak lensing. For the currently favored cosmology (\Omega_m=0.3,
\Omega_\Lambda=0.7) we find b/r=1.05^{+0.12}_{-0.10}, similar to what is found
on larger scales (~10 h_{50}^{-1} Mpc) from local dynamical estimates. These
results support the hypothesis that light traces mass on scales ranging from
0.15 out to ~10 h_{50}^{-1} Mpc. The accuracy of the measurement will improve
significantly in the coming years, enabling us to measure both b and r
separately as a function of scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86102 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological description of space-time foam


  The expectation that it should not be possible to gain experimental insight
on the structure of space-time at Planckian distance scales has been recently
challenged by several studies. With respect to space-time fluctuations, one of
the conjectured features of quantum-gravity foam, the experiments that have the
best sensitivity are the ones which were originally devised for searches of the
classical-physics phenomenon of gravity waves. In experiments searching for
classical gravity waves the presence of space-time fluctuations would introduce
a source of noise just like the ordinary (non-gravitational) quantum properties
of the photons composing the laser beam used in interferometry introduce a
source of noise. Earlier studies of the noise induced by quantum properties of
space-time have shown that certain simple pictures of fluctuations of
space-time occuring genuinely at the Planck scale would lead to an observably
large effect. Experimentalists would benefit from the guidance of detailed
description of this noise, but quantum-gravity theories are not yet developed
to the point of allowing such detailed analysis of physical processes. I
propose a new phenomenological approach to the description of foam-induced
noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126347 </DOCNO>
Analysis of CMB polarization on an incomplete sky


  The full sky cosmic microwave background polarization field can be decomposed
into 'electric' and 'magnetic' components. Working in harmonic space we
construct window functions that allow clean separation of the electric and
magnetic modes from observations over only a portion of the sky. Our
construction is exact for azimuthally symmetric patches, but should continue to
perform well for arbitrary patches. From the window functions we obtain
variables that allow for robust estimation of the magnetic component without
risk of contamination from the probably much larger electric signal. For
isotropic, uncorrelated noise the variables have a very simple diagonal noise
correlation, and further analysis using them should be no harder than analysing
the temperature field. For an azimuthally-symmetric patch, such as that
obtained from survey missions when the galactic region is removed, the
exactly-separated variables are fast to compute allowing us to estimate the
magnetic signal that could be detected by the Planck satellite in the absence
of non-galactic foregrounds. We also discuss the sensitivity of future
experiments to tensor modes in the presence of a magnetic signal generated by
weak lensing, and give lossless methods for analysing the electric polarization
field in the case that the magnetic component is negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2143 </DOCNO>
Scaling behavior of impurities in mesoscopic Luttinger liquids


  Using a functional renormalization group we compute the flow of the
renormalized impurity potential for a single impurity in a Luttinger liquid
over the entire energy range - from the microscopic scale of a lattice-fermion
model down to the low-energy limit. The non-perturbative method provides a
complete real-space picture of the effective impurity potential. We confirm the
universality of the open chain fixed point, but it turns out that very large
systems (10^4-10^5 sites) are required to reach the fixed point for realistic
choices of the impurity and interaction parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 857 </DOCNO>
Electronic Transport in Metal Nanocrystal Arrays: The Effect of


  We investigate the impact of structural disorder on electronic transport in
gold nanocrystal monolayers. Arrays ranging from void-filled networks to
well-ordered superlattices show clear voltage thresholds V_T due to Coulomb
blockade, and temperature-independent conduction indicative of quantum
tunneling. Current-voltage characteristics of arrays with and without
long-range structural order were found to collapse onto distinct scaling
curves. The former follow a single power-law: I (V-V_T)^\zeta, \zeta =
2.25+/-0.1. The latter show additional structure, reflecting the underlying
disordered topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126568 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in M51 Triggered by Galaxy Interaction


  We have mapped the inner 360'' regions of M51 in the 158micron [CII] line at
55'' spatial resolution using the Far-infrared Imaging Fabry-Perot
Interferometer (FIFI) on the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO). The emission is
peaked at the nucleus, but is detectable over the entire region mapped, which
covers much of the optical disk of the galaxy. There are also two strong
secondary peaks at ~43% to 70% of the nuclear value located roughly 120'' to
the north-east, and south-west of the nucleus. These secondary peaks are at the
same distance from the nucleus as the corotation radius of the density wave
pattern. The density wave also terminates at this location, and the outlying
spiral structure is attributed to material clumping due to the interaction
between M51 and NGC5195. This orbit crowding results in cloud-cloud collisions,
stimulating star formation, that we see as enhanced [CII] line emission. The
[CII] emission at the peaks originates mainly from photodissociation regions
(PDRs) formed on the surfaces of molecular clouds that are exposed to OB
starlight, so that these [CII] peaks trace star formation peaks in M51. The
total mass of [CII] emitting photodissociated gas is ~2.6x10^{8} M_{sun}, or
about 2% of the molecular gas as estimated from its CO(1-0) line emission. At
the peak [CII] positions, the PDR gas mass to total gas mass fraction is
somewhat higher, 3-17%, and at the secondary peaks the mass fraction of the
[CII] emitting photodissociated gas can be as high as 72% of the molecular
mass.... (continued)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128235 </DOCNO>
Activity From Tidal Disruptions in Galactic Nuclei


  The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole is expected to
lead to a short bright flare followed by an extended period of low-level
emission. Existing models of the late-time accretion of the stellar debris via
a thin disk imply that the Galactic Center source Sgr A* should be brighter
than currently observed by several orders of magnitude. A similar problem
exists for M31 and M32. This problem could be avoided if thin disk accretion
transitions to low radiative efficiency accretion (e.g., ADAF, CDAF) at low
accretion rates (via ``evaporation'' of the thin disk). Alternatively, we show
that the outer portions of a thin disk may become neutral and unable to sustain
MHD turbulence on a timescale less than the time between tidal disruption
events; this may dramatically shorten the duration of the late accretion phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76651 </DOCNO>
A precision calculation of the effective number of cosmological


  The neutrino energy density of the Universe can be conveniently parametrized
in terms of the so-called effective number of neutrinos, N_nu^eff. This
parameter enters in several cosmological observables. In particular it is an
important input in those numerical codes, like CMBFAST, which are used to study
the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy spectrum. By studying the neutrino
decoupling with Boltzmann equations, one can show that this quantity differs
from the number of massless neutrino species for an additional contribution due
to a partial heating of neutrinos during the e^+- annihilations, leading to non
thermal features in their final distributions. In this paper we review the
different results obtained in the literature and perform a new analysis which
takes into account, in a fully consistent way, the QED corrections at finite
temperature to the photon and e^+- plasma equation of state. The value found
for three massless active neutrinos is N_nu^eff=3.0395, in perfect agreement
with the recommended value used in CMBFAST, N_nu^eff=3.04. We also discuss the
case of additional relativistic relics and massive active neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5710 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic Equations in Quantum Hall Systems at Large Currents


  Hydrodynamic equations (HDEQs) are derived which describe spatio-temporal
evolutions of the electron temperature and the chemical potential of
two-dimensional systems in strong magnetic fields in states with large diagonal
resistivity appearing at the breakdown of the quantum Hall effect. The
derivation is based on microscopic electronic processes consisting of drift
motions in a slowly-fluctuating potential and scattering processes due to
electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions. In contrast with the usual
HDEQs, one of the derived HDEQs has a term with an energy flux perpendicular to
the electric field due to the drift motions in the magnetic field. As an
illustration, the current distribution is calculated using the derived HDEQs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5673 </DOCNO>
Classical self-forces in a space with a dispiration


  We derive the gravitational and electrostatic self-energies of a particle at
rest in the background of a cosmic dispiration (topological defect), finding
that the particle may experience potential steps, well potentials or potential
barriers depending on the nature of the interaction and also on certain
properties of the defect. The results may turn out to be useful in cosmology
and condensed matter physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174652 </DOCNO>
Magnetic trapping of ultracold neutrons


  Three-dimensional magnetic confinement of neutrons is reported. Neutrons are
loaded into an Ioffe-type superconducting magnetic trap through inelastic
scattering of cold neutrons with 4He. Scattered neutrons with sufficiently low
energy and in the appropriate spin state are confined by the magnetic field
until they decay. The electron resulting from neutron decay produces
scintillations in the liquid helium bath that results in a pulse of extreme
ultraviolet light. This light is frequency downconverted to the visible and
detected. Results are presented in which 500 +/- 155 neutrons are magnetically
trapped in each loading cycle, consistent with theoretical predictions. The
lifetime of the observed signal, 660 s +290/-170 s, is consistent with the
neutron beta-decay lifetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113994 </DOCNO>
Quantum Clustering


  We propose a novel clustering method that is based on physical intuition
derived from quantum mechanics. Starting with given data points, we construct a
scale-space probability function. Viewing the latter as the lowest eigenstate
of a Schrodinger equation, we use simple analytic operations to derive a
potential function whose minima determine cluster centers. The method has one
parameter, determining the scale over which cluster structures are searched. We
demonstrate it on data analyzed in two dimensions (chosen from the eigenvectors
of the correlation matrix). The method is applicable in higher dimensions by
limiting the evaluation of the Schrodinger potential to the locations of data
points. In this case the method may be formulated in terms of distances between
data points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96785 </DOCNO>
Rescalings of free products of II_1 factors


  We introduce notation Q(1) * ... * Q(n) * L(F_r)$ for von Neumann algebra
II_1 factors where $r$ is allowed to be negative. This notation is defined by
rescalings of free products of II_1 factors, and is proved to be consistent
with known results and natural operations. We also give two statements which we
prove are equivalent to isomorphism of free group factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81199 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic decay of a heavy-light pseudoscalar to a light vector meson


  We present the results of a calculation of semileptonic form factors of D and
B mesons. The calculation uses nonperturbatively order a improved quenched
lattice QCD and two values of the coupling. Results for charm mesons show
reasonable agreement with experiment. The lattice results for B -> rho l nu are
compared with high q^2 experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168478 </DOCNO>
The Casimir force between metallic mirrors


  In order to compare recent experimental results with theoretical predictions
we study the influence of finite conductivity of metals on the Casimir effect.
The correction to the Casimir force and energy due to imperfect reflection and
finite temperature are evaluated for plane metallic plates where the dielectric
functions of the metals are modeled by a plasma model. The results are compared
with the common approximation where conductivity and thermal corrections are
evaluated separately and simply multiplied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179510 </DOCNO>
Light Front Nuclear Theory


  High energy scattering experiments involving nuclei are typically analyzed in
terms of light front variables. The desire to provide realistic,relativistic
wave functions expressed in terms of these variables led me to try to use light
front dynamics to compute nuclear wave functions. Here calculations of infinite
nuclear matter in the mean field approximation and also in a light front
version of Bruckner theory which includes NN correlations are reviewed.
Applications of these wave functions to nuclear deep inelastic scattering and
Drell-Yan processes are discussed. We find that relativistic mean field theory
produces no EMC binding effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2262 </DOCNO>
Evidence of Electromagnetic Absorption by Collective Modes in the Heavy


  We present results of a microwave surface impedance study of the heavy
fermion superconductor UBe13. We clearly observe an absorption peak whose
frequency- and temperature-dependence scales with the BCS gap function.
Resonant absorption into a collective mode, with energy approximately
proportional to the superconducting gap, is proposed as a possible
explantation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81474 </DOCNO>
Fermions on tori in uniform abelian fields


  We study Fermi fields defined on tori in the presence of gauge backgrounds
carrying non-trivial topology. We show that 2k dimensional field space can
alternatively be described by fields over a k-dimensional space. This dual
description is particularly natural when the background is uniform and abelian.
The reduction in number of dimensions carries over to the lattice. The lattice
ultraviolet regularization induces an infrared regularization of the lower
dimensional representations. We focus on k=1,2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3974 </DOCNO>
Unconventional antiferromagnetic correlations of the doped Haldane gap


  We make a new proposal to describe the very low temperature susceptibility of
the doped Haldane gap compound Y$_2$BaNi$_{1-x}$Zn$_x$O$_5$. We propose a new
mean field model relevant for this compound. The ground state of this mean
field model is unconventional because antiferromagnetism coexists with random
dimers. We present new susceptibility experiments at very low temperature. We
obtain a Curie-Weiss susceptibility $\chi(T) \sim C / (\Theta+T)$ as expected
for antiferromagnetic correlations but we do not obtain a direct signature of
antiferromagnetic long range order. We explain how to obtain the ``impurity''
susceptibility $\chi_{imp}(T)$ by subtracting the Haldane gap contribution to
the total susceptibility. In the temperature range [1 K, 300 K] the
experimental data are well fitted by $T \chi_{imp}(T) = C_{imp} (1 + T_{imp}/T
)^{-\gamma}$. In the temperature range [100 mK, 1 K] the experimental data are
well fitted by $T \chi_{imp}(T) = A \ln{(T/T_c)}$, where $T_c$ increases with
$x$. This fit suggests the existence of a finite N\'eel temperature which is
however too small to be probed directly in our experiments. We also obtain a
maximum in the temperature dependence of the ac-susceptibility $\chi'(T)$ which
suggests the existence of antiferromagnetic correlations at very low
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168937 </DOCNO>
Quantum entanglement without eigenvalue spectra


  From the consideration of measuring bipartite mixed states by separable pure
states, we introduce algebraic sets in complex projective spaces for bipartite
mixed states as the degenerating locus of the measurement. These algebraic sets
are independent of the eigenvalues and only measure the "position" of
eigenvectors of bipartite mixed states. They are nonlocal invariants ie.,
remaining invariant after local unitary transformations. The algebraic sets
have to be the sum of the linear subspaces if the mixed states are separable,
and thus we give a "eigenvalue-free" criterion of separability.Based on our
criterion, examples are given to illustrate that entangled mixed states which
are invariant under partial transposition or fufill entropy and disorder
criterion of separability can be constructed systematically.We reveal that a
large part of quantum entanglement is independent of eigenvalue spectra and
develop a method to measure this part of quantum enatnglement.The results are
extended to multipartite case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76249 </DOCNO>
Slepton Flavor Physics at Linear Colliders


  If low energy supersymmetry is realized in nature it is possible that a first
generation linear collider will only have access to some of the superpartners
with electroweak quantum numbers. Among these, sleptons can provide sensitive
probes for lepton flavor violation through potentially dramatic lepton
violating signals. Theoretical proposals to understand the absence of low
energy quark and lepton flavor changing neutral currents are surveyed and many
are found to predict observable slepton flavor violating signals at linear
colliders. The observation or absence of such sflavor violation will thus
provide important indirect clues to very high energy physics. Previous analyses
of slepton flavor oscillations are also extended to include the effects of
finite width and mass differences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179573 </DOCNO>
Alpha cluster condensation in 12C and 16O


  A new $\alpha$-cluster wave function is proposed which is of the
$\alpha$-particle condensate type. Applications to $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O show
that states of low density close to the 3 resp. 4 $\alpha$-particle threshold
in both nuclei are possibly of this kind. It is conjectured that all
self-conjugate 4$n$ nuclei may show similar features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2961 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Effects and Electron Transport Through a Coherent Conductor


  We analyze electron transport through relatively short coherent conductors in
the presence of Coulomb interaction. We evaluate the current-voltage
characteristics of such conductors taking into account the effect of an
external environment. Within our model, at large conductances and low $T$ the
conductance is suppressed by a universal factor which depends only on the type
of the conductor. We also argue that at T=0 the system ``scatterer+shunt'' can
be either an insulator or a metal depending on whether its total resistance is
larger or smaller than $R_Q=h/e^2\approx 25.8$ k$\Omega$. In a metallic phase
the Coulomb gap is fully suppressed by quantum fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87096 </DOCNO>
Null Cones in Lorentz-Covariant General Relativity


  The oft-neglected issue of the causal structure in the flat spacetime
approach to Einstein's theory of gravity is considered. Consistency requires
that the flat metric's null cone be respected, but this does not automatically
happen. After reviewing the history of this problem, we introduce a generalized
eigenvector formalism to give a kinematic description of the relation between
the two null cones, based on the Segre' classification of symmetric rank 2
tensors with respect to a Lorentzian metric. Then we propose a method to
enforce special relativistic causality by using the gauge freedom to restrict
the configuration space suitably. A set of new variables just covers this
smaller configuration space and respects the flat metric's null cone
automatically. Respecting the flat metric's null cone ensures that the
spacetime is globally hyperbolic, indicating that the Hawking black hole
information loss paradox does not arise in the special relativistic approach to
Einstein's theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98709 </DOCNO>
Canonical rings of surfaces whose canonical system has base points


  In this paper we propose an approach to investigate the canonical rings of
surfaces of general type whose canonical system has isolated base points and
yields a birational map onto its image.
  We apply then the method in the concrete case of surfaces with $K^2=7$ and
$p_g=4$, where we give three different descriptions of the canonical ring
(under the presence of base points).
  The main result in the paper consists in showing an explicit deformation of
the above canonical rings to the canonical rings of surfaces whose canonical
system has no base points (the latter were already classified by the second
author). That such a deformation should exist was claimed by F. Enriques and
holds true by abstract deformation theory and dimension counts. Our deformation
is explicitly gotten by writing the equations of the canonical ring as the
(4x4)-Pfaffians of an antisymmetric and extrasymmetric (6x6)-matrix.
  Deforming the matrix, we get, for $t \neq 0$, that the Pfaffians reduce to
the (4x4)-Pfaffians of an antisymmetric (5x5)-matrix. This type of deformation
of a Gorenstein ring of codimension 4 to a Gorenstein ring of codimension 3 had
already been introduced by Duncan Dicks and Miles Reid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97953 </DOCNO>
The Morse index theorem for regular Lagrangian systems


  In this paper, we prove a Morse index theorem for the index form of regular
Lagrangian system with selfadjoint boundary condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73135 </DOCNO>
Determination of $\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}$ from quenched and $N_f = 2$


  The scale parameter $\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}$ is computed on the lattice in
the quenched approximation and for $N_f = 2$ flavors of light dynamical quarks.
The dynamical calculation is done with non-perturbatively $O(a)$ improved
Wilson fermions. In the continuum limit we obtain
$\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}^{N_f=0} = 243(1)(10)$ MeV and
$\Lambda_{\overline{MS}}^{N_f=2} = 217(16)(11)$ MeV, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127456 </DOCNO>
Clusters of Galaxies - Keys to Cosmology


  Various cosmological applications of galaxy clusters are presented. Clusters
are used to determine the baryon fraction, dark matter distribution and the
matter density of the universe. They also contain a wealth of information about
structure formation and evolution on different scales: large-scale structure,
cluster formation and also galaxy formation via the interaction of cluster
galaxies with the intra-cluster medium. In particular, the X-ray satellites
CHANDRA and XMM yield exciting new results for galaxy cluster physics and
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6371 </DOCNO>
Tracer diffusion in a dislocated lamellar system


  Many lamellar systems exhibit strongly anisotropic diffusion. When the
diffusion across the lamellae is slow, an alternative mechanism for transverse
transport becomes important. A tracer particle can propagate in the direction
normal to the lamellae, never leaving a particular layer, by going around a
screw dislocation. Given the density of positive and negative screw
dislocations, we calculate the statistical properties of the transverse
transport. When either positive or negative dislocations are in excess, the
tracer moves ballistically normally to the layers with the mean square of the
displacement growing like the square of time T^2. When the average dislocation
charge is zero, the mean square of the normal displacement grows like T log T
for large times. To obtain this result, the trajectory of the tracer must be
smoothed over distances of order of the dislocation core size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168976 </DOCNO>
Larmor precession and barrier tunneling time of a neutral spinning


  The Larmor precession of a neutral spinning particle in a magnetic field
confined to the region of a one dimensional-rectangular barrier is investigated
for both a nonrelativistic and a relativistic incoming particle. The spin
precession serves as a clock to measure the time spent by a quantum particle
traversing a potential barrier. With the help of general spin coherent state it
is explicitly shown that the precession time is equal to the dwell time in both
the nonrelativistic and relativistic cases. We also present a numerical
estimation of the precession time showing an apparent superluminal tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98823 </DOCNO>
Distribution of the traces of Frobenius on elliptic curves over function


  Let C be a smooth irreducible projective curve defined over a finite field
$\mathbb{F}_{q}$ of q elements of characteristic p>3 and $K=\mathbb{F}_{q}(C)$
its function field and $\phi_{\mathcal{E}}:\mathcal{E}\to C$ the minimal
regular model of $\mathbf{E}/K$. For each $P\in C$ denote
$\mathcal{E}_P=\phi^{-1}_{\mathcal{E}}(P)$. The elliptic curve $E/K$ has good
reduction at $P\in C$ if and only if $\mathcal{E}_P$ is an elliptic curve
defined over the residue field $\kappa_P$ of $P$. This field is a finite
extension of $\mathbb{F}_q$ of degree $\deg(P)$. Let
$t(\mathcal{E}_P)=q^{\deg(P)}+1-#\mathcal{E}_P(\kappa_P)$ be the trace of
Frobenius at P. By Hasse-Weil's theorem (cf. [10, Chapter V, Theorem 2.4]),
$t(\mathcal{E}_P)$ is the sum of the inverses of the zeros of the zeta function
of $\mathcal{E}_P$. In particular, $|t(\mathcal{E}_P)|\le 2q^{\deg(P)}$. Let
$C_0\subset C$ be the set of points of C at which $E/K$ has good reduction and
$C_0(\mathbb{F}_{q^k})$ the subset of $\mathbb{F}_{q^k}$-rational points of
$C_0$. We discuss the following question.
  Let $k\ge 1$ and t be integers and suppose $|t|\le 2q^{k/2}$. Let
$\pi(k,t)=#\{P\in C_0(\mathbb{F}_{q^k}) | t(\mathcal{E}_P)=t\}$. How big is
$\pi(k,t)$?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125646 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of the Lyman Alpha Forest From Redshift 3 to 0


  I review results obtained from studies of the high-redshift Lyman alpha
forest, and present new results from HST/STIS spectra of low-redshift quasars
in comparison with cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. The evolution of the
Lyman alpha forest from redshift 3 to 0 is well-described by current structure
formation models, in which Ly-a forest absorbing gas at all redshifts traces
moderate-overdensity large-scale structures. I describe some of the insights
provided by hydrodynamic simulations into the observed statistical trends of
Ly-a absorbers and the physical state of the absorbing gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113976 </DOCNO>
A realization of Mach's Principle: Clocks and rods - or something more


  This paper is essentially a speculation on the realization of Mach's
Principle, and we came to the details of the present analysis via the
formulation of two questions: (A) Can a globally inertial space & time be
associated with a non-trivial global matter distribution? (B) If so, what are
the general properties of such a global distribution?
  These questions are addressed within the context of an extremely simple model
universe consisting of particles possessing only the property of enumerability
existing in a formless continuum. Since there are no pre-specified ideas of
clocks and rods in this model universe, we are forced into fundamental
considerations about the nature of spatial and temporal measurement.
  In answer to the original two questions, the analysis tells us that a
globally inertial space & time can be associated with a non-trivial global
matter distribution, and that this distribution is necessarily fractal with
D=2.
  This latter result is compared with the results of modern surveys of galaxy
distributions (typically, Joyce, Montuori, Labini astro-ph/9901290, ApJ Lett
1999 and other references in this paper), which find that such distributions
are quasi-fractal with D approx = 2 on the small-to-medium scales, with the
situation on the medium-to-large scales being a topic of considerable debate.
Accordingly, and bearing in mind the extreme simplicity of the model
considered, the observational evidence is consistent with the interpretation
that the analysed point-of-view captures the cosmic reality to a good
first-order approximation. We consider the implications of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85723 </DOCNO>
Geometry and dynamics of the brane-world


  Recent developments in string theory have led to 5-dimensional warped
spacetime models in which standard-model fields are confined to a 3-brane (the
observed universe), while gravity can propagate in the fifth dimension. Gravity
is localized near the brane at low energies, even if the extra dimension is
noncompact. A review is given of the classical geometry and dynamics of these
brane-world models. The field equations on the brane modify the general
relativity equations in two ways: local 5-D effects are imprinted on the brane
as a result of its embedding, and are significant at high energies; nonlocal
effects arise from the 5-D Weyl tensor. The Weyl tensor transmits tidal
(Coulomb), gravitomagnetic and gravitational wave effects to the brane from the
5-D nonlocal gravitational field. Local high-energy effects modify the dynamics
of inflation, and increase the amplitude of scalar and tensor perturbations
generated by inflation. Nonlocal effects introduce new features in cosmological
perturbations. They induce a non-adiabatic mode in scalar perturbations and
massive modes in vector and tensor perturbations, and they can support vector
perturbations even in the absence of matter vorticity. In astrophysics, local
and nonlocal effects introduce fundamental changes to gravitational collapse
and black hole solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4817 </DOCNO>
A 'p-n' diode with hole and electron-doped lanthanum manganite


  The hole-doped manganite La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and the electron-doped manganite
La0.7Ce0.3MnO3 undergo an insulator to metal transition at around 250 K, above
which both behave as a polaronic semiconductor. We have successfully fabricated
an epitaxial trilayer (La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/SrTiO3/La0.7Ce0.3MnO3), where SrTiO3 is
an insulator. At room temperature, i.e. in the semiconducting regime, it
exhibits asymmetric current-voltage (I-V) characteristics akin to a p-n diode.
The observed asymmetry in the I-V characteristics disappears at low
temperatures where both the manganite layers are metallic. To the best of our
knowledge, this is the first report of such a p-n diode, using the polaronic
semiconducting regime of doped manganites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97422 </DOCNO>
Parametrization by polytopes of intersections of orbits by conjugation


  Let S be an nXn real symmetric matrix with spectral decomposition S=Q^T
Lambda Q, where Q is an orthogonal matrix and Lambda is diagonal with simple
spectrum {lambda_1,..., lambda_n}. Also let O_S e R_S be the orbits by
conjugation of S by, respectively, orthogonal matrices and upper triangular
matrices with positive diagonal. Denote by F_S the intersection O_S and R_S. We
show that the map F tha goes from the closure of F_S to R^n and takes S' =
(Q')^T Lambda Q' to diag(Q' Lambda (Q')^T) is a smooth bijection onto its range
P_S, the convex hull of some subset of the n! permuatations of (lambda_1, ...,
lambda_n). We also find necessary and sufficient conditions for P_S to have n!
vertices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83577 </DOCNO>
P-Immune Sets with Holes Lack Self-Reducibility Properties


  No P-immune set having exponential gaps is positive-Turing self-reducible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128384 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of Intrinsic Absorption in Reddened Seyfert 1 Galaxies


  We discuss the origin of the ``dusty lukewarm absorber'', which we previously
identified in the reddened Seyfert 1 galaxies NGC 3227 and Akn 564. This
absorber is characterized by saturated UV absorption lines (C IV, N V) near the
systemic velocity of the host galaxy, and is likely responsible for reddening
both the continuum and the emission lines (including those from the narrow-line
region) from these Seyferts. From a large sample of Seyfert 1 galaxies, we find
that continuum reddening (as measured by UV color) tends to increase with
inclination of the host galaxy. Furthermore, reddened, inclined Seyfert
galaxies observed at moderate to high spectral resolution all show evidence for
dusty lukewarm absorbers. We suggest that these absorbers lie in the plane of
the host galaxy at distances > 100 pc from the nucleus, and are physically
distinct from the majority of intrinsic absorbers that are outflowing from the
nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41240 </DOCNO>
On the Scaling Violations of Diffractive Structure Functions: Operator


  A quantum field theoretic treatment of inclusive deep-inelastic diffractive
scattering is given. The process can be described in the general framework of
non-forward scattering processes using the light-cone expansion in the
generalized Bjorken region. Evolution equations of the diffractive hadronic
matrix elements are derived at the level of the twist-2 contributions and are
compared to those of inclusive deep-inelastic forward scattering (DIS). The
diffractive parton densities are obtained as projections of two-variable parton
distributions. We also comment on the higher twist contributions in the
light-cone expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77125 </DOCNO>
Chiral thermodynamics in a magnetic field


  We study thermodynamic properties of the QCD vacuum in a magnetic field below
chiral phase transition. The hadronic phase free energy in a constant
homogeneous magnetic field is calculated in the framework of the chiral
perturbation theory at non-zero pionic mass. It is demonstrated that the order
parameter of the chiral phase transition remains constant provided temperature
and magnetic field strength are related through obtained equation (the
phenomenon of ''quark condensate freezing'').

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86121 </DOCNO>
Non-linear harmonic generation in finite amplitude black hole


  The non-linear generation of harmonics in gravitational perturbations of
black holes is explored using numerical relativity based on an in-going
light-cone framework. Localised, finite, perturbations of an isolated black
hole are parametrised by amplitude and angular harmonic form. The response of
the black hole spacetime is monitored and its harmonic content analysed to
identify the strength of the non-linear generation of harmonics as a function
of the initial data amplitude. It is found that overwhelmingly the black hole
responds at the harmonic mode perturbed, even for spacetimes with 10% of the
black hole mass radiated. The relative efficiencies of down and up-scattering
in harmonic space are computed for a range of couplings. Down-scattering,
leading to smoothing out of angular structure is found to be equally or more
efficient than the up-scatterings that would lead to increased rippling. The
details of this non-linear balance may form the quantitative mechanism by which
black holes avoid fission even for arbitrary strong distortions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86708 </DOCNO>
Past and future gauge in numerical relativity


  Numerical relativity describes a discrete initial value problem for general
relativity. A choice of gauge involves slicing space-time into space-like
hypersurfaces. This introduces past and future gauge relative to the
hypersurface of present time. Here, we propose solving the discretized Einstein
equations with a choice of gauge in the future and a dynamical gauge in the
past. The method is illustrated on a polarized Gowdy wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 743 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Strong-coupling S-wave Superconductivity in MgB2 :11B NMR


  We have investigated a gap structure in a newly-discovered superconductor,
MgB2 through the measurement of 11B nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate,
^{11}(1/T_1). ^{11}(1/T_1) is proportional to the temperature (T) in the normal
state, and decreases exponentially in the superconducting (SC) state, revealing
a tiny coherence peak just below T_c. The T dependence of 1/T_1 in the SC state
can be accounted for by an s-wave SC model with a large gap size of 2\Delta
/k_BT_c \sim 5 which suggests to be in a strong-coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148099 </DOCNO>
Induced Lorentz- and CPT-violating Chern-Simons term in QED:


  Using the Fock-Schwinger proper time method, we calculate the induced
Chern-Simons term arising from the Lorentz- and CPT-violating sector of quantum
electrodynamics with a $b_\mu \bar{\psi}\gamma^\mu \gamma_5 \psi$ term. Our
result to all orders in $b$ coincides with a recent linear-in-$b$ calculation
by Chaichian et al. [hep-th/0010129 v2]. The coincidence was pointed out by
Chung [Phys. Lett. {\bf B461} (1999) 138] and P\'{e}rez-Victoria [Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 83} (1999) 2518] in the standard Feynman diagram calculation with
the nonperturbative-in-$b$ propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73011 </DOCNO>
Explosive Collisions at RHIC?


  Motivated by experimental results from RHIC, we suggest how a condensate for
the Polyakov loop might produce explosive behavior at the QCD phase transition.
This is due to a rapid rollover of the condensate field below the transition
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96042 </DOCNO>
Ext classes and embeddings for C*-algebras of graphs with sinks


  We consider directed graphs E which have been obtained by adding a sink to a
fixed graph G. We associate an element of Ext(C*(G)) to each such E, and show
that the classes of two such graphs are equal in Ext(C*(G)) if and only if the
associated C*-algebra of one can be embedded as a full corner in the C*-algebra
of the other in a particular way. If every loop in G has an exit, then we are
able to use this result to generalize some of the classification theorems of
Raeburn, Tomforde, and Williams for C*-algebras of graphs with sinks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129657 </DOCNO>
Multiple Merging Events in the Double Cluster A3128/A3125


  Multi-fiber spectroscopy has been obtained for 335 galaxies in the field of
the double cluster A3128/A3125, using the 2dF multi-fiber positioner on the
AAT. A total of 532 objects in the double cluster now have known redshifts. We
have also obtained a 20 ks Chandra ACIS-I image of A3128 and radio imaging with
the MOST and the ATCA. The spatial-kinematic distribution of redshifts in the
field of A3128/A3125, when combined with the Chandra image of A3128, reveals a
variety of substructures present in the galaxy distribution and in the hot ICM.
The most striking large-scale feature in the galaxy distribution is an
underpopulated redshift zone ~4000 km/s on either side of the cluster velocity
at ~17500 km/s. We attribute this depletion zone to the effect of the extensive
Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster (HRS), within which A3128/A3125 is embedded.
In addition, numerous smaller groups of galaxies are identified, particularly
in the underpopulated region within +-4000 km/s of the cluster redshift. Due to
the large gravitational influence of the HRS, these groups arrive at A3128 with
a very high (hypersonic) infall velocity. Two of these groups appear as
elongated filaments in position-velocity diagrams, indicating that they are
tidally distended groups which have been disrupted after a close passage
through A3128. We have identified a primary NE-SW merger axis connecting A3128
with A3125, along which the filaments are also oriented. In addition, the
Chandra image reveals that the X-ray emission is split into two components,
each with very small core radii, that are separated by ~1 Mpc along the NE-SW
axis. We propose that the complex X-ray morphology is likely the result of the
hypersonic infall of a relatively small group into A3128. The group produces a
major disruption in the ICM due to its high infall velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149322 </DOCNO>
Path Integral Formulation of Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics


  We propose a phase-space path integral formulation of noncommutative quantum
mechanics, and prove its equivalence to the operatorial formulation. As an
illustration, the partition function of a noncommutative two-dimensional
harmonic oscillator is calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87019 </DOCNO>
Impulsive waves in the Nariai universe


  A new class of exact solutions is presented which describes impulsive waves
propagating in the Nariai universe. It is constructed using a six-dimensional
embedding formalism adapted to the background. Due to the topology of the
latter, the wave front consists of two non-expanding spheres. Special
sub-classes representing pure gravitational waves (generated by null particles
with an arbitrary multipole structure) or shells of null dust are analyzed in
detail. Smooth isometries of the metrics are briefly discussed. Furthermore, it
is shown that the considered solutions are impulsive members of a more general
family of radiative Kundt spacetimes of type-II. A straightforward
generalization to impulsive waves in the anti-Nariai and Bertotti-Robinson
backgrounds is described. For a vanishing cosmological constant and
electromagnetic field, results for well known impulsive pp-waves are recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1512 </DOCNO>
Worm algorithms for classical statistical models


  We show that high-temperature expansions may serve as a basis for the novel
approach to efficient Monte Carlo simulations. "Worm" algorithms utilize the
idea of updating closed path configurations (produced by high-temperature
expansions) through the motion of end points of a disconnected path. An amazing
result is that local, Metropolis-type schemes may have dynamical critical
exponents close to zero (i.e., their efficiency is comparable to the best
cluster methods). We demonstrate this by calculating finite size scaling of the
autocorrelation time for various (six) universality classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125504 </DOCNO>
Lumpy Structures in Self-Gravitating Disks


  Following Toomre & Kalnajs (1991), local models of slightly dissipative
self-gravitating disks show how inhomogeneous structures can be maintained over
several galaxy rotations. Their basic physical ingredients are self-gravity,
dissipation and differential rotation. In order to explore the structures
resulting from these processes on the kpc scale, local simulation of
self-gravitating disks are performed in this paper in 2D as well as in 3D. The
third dimension becomes a priori important as soon as matter clumping causes a
tight coupling of the 3D equations of motion. The physically simple and general
framework of the model permits to make conclusions beyond the here considered
scales. A time dependent affine coordinate system is used, allowing to
calculate the gravitational forces via a particle-mesh FFT-method, increasing
the performance with respect to previous direct force calculations. Persistent
patterns, formed by transient structures, whose intensity and morphological
characteristic depend on the dissipation rate are obtained and described. Some
of our simulations reveal first signs of mass-size and velocity dispersion-size
power-law relations, but a clear scale invariant behavior will require more
powerful computer techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6683 </DOCNO>
Crystal structure of solid Oxygen at high pressure and low temperature


  Results of X-ray diffraction experiments on solid oxygen at low temperature
and at pressures up to 10 GPa are presented.A careful sample preparation and
annealing around 240 K allowed to obtain very good diffraction patterns in the
orthorhombic delta-phase. This phase is stable at low temperature, in contrast
to some recent data [Y. Akahama et al., Phys. Rev. B64, 054105 (2001)], and
transforms with decreasing pressure into a monoclinic phase, which is
identified as the low pressure alpha-phase. The discontinuous change of the
lattice parameters, and the observed metastability of the alpha-phase
increasing pressure suggest that the transition is of the first order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3636 </DOCNO>
Specific heat of the 38-K superconductor MgB_2 in the normal and


  The specific heat of two polycrystalline samples of MgB_2 is presented and
analyzed (2 - 300 K, 0 - 16 T), together with magnetic properties. The main
characteristics are a low density of states at the Fermi level, high phonon
frequencies, and an anomalous temperature- and field- dependence of the
specific heat at T < T_c. A two-gap model with a gap ratio of 3:1 fits the
specific heat in zero field. The smaller gap is washed out by a field of 0.5 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76469 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the $B^+$ Total Cross Section and $B^+$ Differential


  We present measurements of the B+ meson total cross section and differential
cross section $d\sigma/ dp_T$. The measurements use a $98\pm 4$ pb^{-1} sample
of $p \bar p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV collected by the CDF detector.
Charged $B$ meson candidates are reconstructed through the decay $B^{\pm} \to
J/\psi K^{\pm}$ with $J/\psi\to \mu^+ \mu^-$. The total cross section, measured
in the central rapidity region $|y|<1.0$ for $p_T(B)>6.0$ GeV/$c$, is $3.6 \pm
0.6 ({\rm stat} \oplus {\rm syst)} \mu$b. The measured differential cross
section is substantially larger than typical QCD predictions calculated to
next-to-leading order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73886 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Model of Neutrino Mass and Leptogenesis with String-Scale


  Adjoint supermultiplets (1,3,0) and (8,1,0) modify the evolution of gauge
couplings. If the unification of gauge couplings occurs at the string scale,
their masses are fixed at around $10^{13}$ GeV. This scale coincides with
expected gaugino condensation scale in the hidden sector $M_{string}^{2/3}
m^{1/3}_{3/2} \sim 10^{13}$ GeV. We show how neutrino masses arise in this
unified model which naturally explain the present atmospheric and solar
neutrino data. The out-of-equilibrium decay of the superfield (1,3,0) at
$10^{13}$ GeV may also lead to a lepton asymmetry which then gets converted
into the present observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87116 </DOCNO>
Gravitational radiation from the r-mode instability


  The instability in the r-modes of rotating neutron stars can (in principle)
emit substantial amounts of gravitational radiation (GR) which might be
detectable by LIGO and similar detectors. Estimates are given here of the
detectability of this GR based the non-linear simulations of the r-mode
instability by Lindblom, Tohline and Vallisneri. The burst of GR produced by
the instability in the rapidly rotating 1.4 solar mass neutron star in this
simulation is fairly monochromatic with frequency near 960 Hz and duration
about 100 s. A simple analytical expression is derived here for the optimal S/N
for detecting the GR from this type of source. For an object located at a
distance of 20 Mpc we estimate the optimal S/N to be in the range 1.2 to about
12.0 depending on the LIGO II configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76779 </DOCNO>
Vortex fermion on the lattice


  The domain wall fermion formalism in lattice gauge theory is much
investigated recently. This is set up by reducing 4+1 dimensional theory to low
energy effective 4 dimensional one. In order to look around other possibilities
of realizing chiral fermion on the lattice, we construct vortex fermion by
reducing 4+2 dimensional theory to low energy effective 4 dimensional one on
the lattice. In extra 2 dimensions we propose a new lattice regularization
which has a discrete rotational invariance but not a translational one. In
order to eliminate doubling species in the naive construction we introduce the
extended Wilson term which is appropriate to our model. We propose two models
for convenience and show that a normalizable zero mode solution appears at the
core of the vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127906 </DOCNO>
The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey: first lensing results


  The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS) is a 100 deg^2 galaxy cluster survey
designed to provide a large sample of optically selected clusters of galaxies
with redshifts 0.1<z<1.4. The survey data are also useful for a variety of
lensing studies. Several strong lensing clusters have been discovered so far,
and follow up observations are underway. In these proceedings we present some
of the first results of a weak lensing analysis based on ~24 deg^2 of data. We
have detected the lensing signal induced by intervening large scale structure
(cosmic shear) at high significance, and find \sigma_8=0.81^{+0.14}_{-0.19}
(95% confidence; for a LCDM cosmology. Another application of these data is the
study of the average properties of dark matter halos surrounding galaxies. We
study the lensing signal from intermediate redshift galaxies with 19.5<R_C<21
using a parametrized mass model for the galaxy mass distribution. The analysis
yields a mass weighted velocity dispersion of 111+-5 km/s. In addition we have
constrained for the first time the extent of dark matter halos, and find a
robust upper limit for the truncation parameter s<470 h^{-1} kpc (99.7%
confidence). The biasing properties of these galaxies as a function of scale
are also studied. The RCS data allow us to measure the ratio of the bias
parameter b and the galaxy-mass cross-correlation coefficient r. The results
are consistent with a scale-independent value of b/r, for which we find
b/r=1.05^{+0.12}_{-0.10}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76534 </DOCNO>
Non-associative Loops for Holger Bech Nielsen


  Finite groups are of the greatest importance in science. Loops are a simple
generalization of finite groups: they share all the group axioms except for the
requirement that the binary operation be associative. The least loops that are
not themselves groups are those of order five. We offer a brief discussion of
these loops and challenge the reader (especially Holger) to find useful
applications for them in physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99236 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear holomorphic supersymmetry, Dolan-Grady relations and Onsager


  Recently, it was noticed by us that the nonlinear holomorphic supersymmetry
of order $n\in\N, n>1$, ($n$-HSUSY) has an algebraic origin. We show that the
Onsager algebra underlies $n$-HSUSY and investigate the structure of the former
in the context of the latter. A new infinite set of mutually commuting charges
is found which, unlike those from the Dolan-Grady set, include the terms
quadratic in the Onsager algebra generators. This allows us to find the general
form of the superalgebra of $n$-HSUSY and fix it explicitly for the cases of
$n=2,3,4,5,6$. The similar results are obtained for a new, contracted form of
the Onsager algebra generated via the contracted Dolan-Grady relations. As an
application, the algebraic structure of the known 1D and 2D systems with
$n$-HSUSY is clarified and a generalization of the construction to the case of
nonlinear pseudo-supersymmetry is proposed. Such a generalization is discussed
in application to some integrable spin models and with its help we obtain a
family of quasi-exactly solvable systems appearing in the $PT$-symmetric
quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98030 </DOCNO>
When Aut($\cal A$) and Homeo(Prim($\cal A$)) are homeomorphics


  In this paper, we discuss when Aut($\cal A$) and Homeo(Prim($\cal A$)) are
homeomorphic, where $\cal A$ is a $C^*$-algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113929 </DOCNO>
Detailed Structure and Dynamics in Particle-in-Cell Simulations of the


  The solar wind plasma from the Sun interacts with the Moon, generating a wake
structure behind it, since the Moon is to a good approximation an insulator,
has no intrinsic magnetic field and a very thin atmosphere. The lunar wake in
simplified geometry has been simulated via a 1-1/2-D electromagnetic
particle-in-cell code, with high resolution in order to resolve the full phase
space dynamics of both electrons and ions. The simulation begins immediately
downstream of the moon, before the solar wind has infilled the wake region,
then evolves in the solar wind rest frame. An ambipolar electric field and a
potential well are generated by the electrons, which subsequently create a
counter-streaming beam distribution, causing a two-stream instability which
confines the electrons. This also creates a number of electron phase space
holes. Ion beams are accelerated into the wake by the ambipolar electric field,
generating a two stream distribution with phase space mixing that is strongly
influenced by the potentials created by the electron two-stream instability.
The simulations compare favourably with WIND observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5970 </DOCNO>
Lectures on the functional renormalization group method


  These introductory notes are about functional renormalization group equations
and some of their applications. It is emphasised that the applicability of this
method extends well beyond critical systems, it actually provides us a general
purpose algorithm to solve strongly coupled quantum field theories. The
renormalization group equation of F. Wegner and A. Houghton is shown to resum
the loop-expansion. Another version, due to J. Polchinski, is obtained by the
method of collective coordinates and can be used for the resummation of the
perturbation series. The genuinely non-perturbative evolution equation is
obtained in a manner reminiscent of the Schwinger-Dyson equations. Two variants
of this scheme are presented where the scale which determines the order of the
successive elimination of the modes is extracted from external and internal
spaces. The renormalization of composite operators is discussed briefly as an
alternative way to arrive at the renormalization group equation. The scaling
laws and fixed points are considered from local and global points of view.
Instability induced renormalization and new scaling laws are shown to occur in
the symmetry broken phase of the scalar theory. The flattening of the effective
potential of a compact variable is demonstrated in case of the sine-Gordon
model. Finally, a manifestly gauge invariant evolution equation is given for
QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5658 </DOCNO>
Density functional simulation of small Fe nanoparticles


  We calculate from first principles the electronic structure, relaxation and
magnetic moments in small Fe particles, applying the numerical local orbitals
method in combination with norm-conserving pseudopotentials. The accuracy of
the method in describing elastic properties and magnetic phase diagrams is
tested by comparing benchmark results for different phases of crystalline iron
to those obtained by an all-electron method. Our calculations for the
bipyramidal Fe_5 cluster qualitatively and quantitatively confirm previous
plane-wave results that predicted a non-collinear magnetic structure. For
larger bcc-related (Fe_35) and fcc-related (Fe_38, Fe_43, Fe_62) particles, a
larger inward relaxation of outer shells has been found in all cases,
accompanied by an increase of local magnetic moments on the surface to beyond 3
mu_B.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5927 </DOCNO>
The 8V CSOS model and the $sl_2$ loop algebra symmetry of the six-vertex


  We review an algebraic method for constructing degenerate eigenvectors of the
transfer matrix of the eight-vertex Cyclic Solid-on-Solid lattice model (8V
CSOS model), where the degeneracy increases exponentially with respect to the
system size.
 We consider the elliptic quantum group $E_{\tau, \eta}(sl_2)$ at the discrete
coupling constants: $2N \eta = m_1 + i m_2 \tau$, where $N, m_1$ and $m_2$ are
integers. Then we show that degenerate eigenvectors of the transfer matrix of
the six-vertex model at roots of unity in the sector $S^Z \equiv 0$ (mod $N$)
are derived from those of the 8V CSOS model, through the trigonometric limit.
They are associated with the complete $N$ strings. From the result we see that
the dimension of a given degenerate eigenspace in the sector $S^Z \equiv 0$
(mod $N$) of the six-vertex model at $N$th roots of unity is given by
$2^{2S_{max}^Z/N}$, where $S_{max}^Z$ is the maximal value of the total spin
operator $S^Z$ in the degenerate eigenspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123563 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos from propagation of ultra-high energy protons


  We present a calculation of the production of neutrinos during propagation of
ultra-high energy cosmic rays from their astrophysical sources to us.
Photoproduction interactions are modeled with the event generator SOPHIA that
represents very well the experimentally measured particle production cross
sections at accelerator energies. We give the fluxes expected from different
assumptions on cosmic ray source distributions, cosmic ray injection spectra,
cosmological evolution of the sources and different cosmologies, and compare
them to the Waxman-Bahcall limit on source neutrinos. We estimate rates for
detection of neutrino induced showers in a km3 water detector. The ratio of the
local high energy neutrino flux to the ultra-high energy cosmic ray flux is a
crucial parameter in distinguishing between astrophysical and cosmological
(top-down) scenarios of the ultra-high energy cosmic ray origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125559 </DOCNO>
On the Near-Infrared Size of Vega


  Near-infrared (2.2 um) long baseline interferometric observations of Vega
are presented. The stellar disk of the star has been resolved, and the data
have been fitted with a limb darkened stellar disk of diameter Theta_{LD} =
3.28 +/- 0.01 mas. The derived effective temperature is T_eff = 9553 +/- 111 K.
However, the residuals resulting from the stellar disk model appear to be
significant and display organized structure. Instrumental artifacts, stellar
surface structure, stellar atmosphere structure, and extended
emission/scattering from the debris disk are discussed as possible sources of
the residuals. While the current dataset cannot uniquely determine the origin
of the residuals, the debris disk is found to be the most likely source. A
simple debris disk model, with 3-6% of Vega's flux emanating from the disk at r
< 4 AU, can explain the residuals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83574 </DOCNO>
Taking Primitive Optimality Theory Beyond the Finite State


  Primitive Optimality Theory (OTP) (Eisner, 1997a; Albro, 1998), a
computational model of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 1993), employs
a finite state machine to represent the set of active candidates at each stage
of an Optimality Theoretic derivation, as well as weighted finite state
machines to represent the constraints themselves. For some purposes, however,
it would be convenient if the set of candidates were limited by some set of
criteria capable of being described only in a higher-level grammar formalism,
such as a Context Free Grammar, a Context Sensitive Grammar, or a Multiple
Context Free Grammar (Seki et al., 1991). Examples include reduplication and
phrasal stress models. Here we introduce a mechanism for OTP-like Optimality
Theory in which the constraints remain weighted finite state machines, but sets
of candidates are represented by higher-level grammars. In particular, we use
multiple context-free grammars to model reduplication in the manner of
Correspondence Theory (McCarthy and Prince, 1995), and develop an extended
version of the Earley Algorithm (Earley, 1970) to apply the constraints to a
reduplicating candidate set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168468 </DOCNO>
Notes on a Paulian Idea: Foundational, Historical, Anecdotal and


  This document is the first installment of three in the Cerro Grande Fire
Series. It is a collection of letters written to various colleagues, most of
whom regularly circuit this archive, including Howard Barnum, Paul Benioff,
Charles Bennett, Herbert Bernstein, Doug Bilodeau, Gilles Brassard, Jeffrey
Bub, Carlton Caves, Gregory Comer, Robert Griffiths, Adrian Kent, Rolf
Landauer, Hideo Mabuchi, David Mermin, David Meyer, Michael Nielsen, Asher
Peres, John Preskill, Mary Beth Ruskai, Ruediger Schack, Abner Shimony, William
Wootters, Anton Zeilinger, and many others. The singular thread sewing all the
letters together is the quantum. Some of the pieces are my best efforts to date
to give substance to an evanescent thought I see rising from the field of
quantum information---I call it the Paulian idea. To the extent I have
communicated its misty shadow to my correspondents and seen a twinkle of
enthusiasm, it seemed worthwhile to expand the jury on this anniversary
occasion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98539 </DOCNO>
From Subfactors to Categories and Topology I. Frobenius algebras in and


  We consider certain categorical structures that are implicit in subfactor
theory. Making the connection between subfactor theory (at finite index) and
category theory explicit sheds light on both subjects. Furthermore, it allows
various generalizations of these structures, e.g. to arbitrary ground fields,
and the proof of new results about topological invariants in three dimensions.
The central notion is that of a Frobenius algebra in a tensor category A, which
reduces to the classical notion if A=F-Vect, where F is a field. An object X in
A with two-sided dual X^ gives rise to a Frobenius algebra in A, and under weak
additional conditions we prove a converse: There exists a bicategory E with
Obj(E)={X,Y} such that End_E(X,X) is equivalent to A and such that there are J:
Y->X, J^: X->Y producing the given Frobenius algebra. Many properties
(additivity, sphericity, semisimplicity,...) of A carry over to E. We define
weak monoidal Morita equivalence (wMe) of tensor categories and establish a
correspondence between Frobenius algebras in A and tensor categories B wMe A.
While considerably weaker than equivalence of tensor categories, weak monoidal
Morita equivalence of A and B implies (for A,B semisimple and spherical or
*-categories) that A and B have the same dimension, braided equivalent `center'
(quantum double) and define the same state sum invariants of closed oriented
3-manifolds as defined by Barrett and Westbury. If H is a finite dimensional
semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra then H-mod and H^-mod are wMe. The
present formalism permits a fairly complete analysis of the quantum double of a
semisimple spherical category, which is the subject of the companion paper
math.CT/0111205.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126957 </DOCNO>
Non-LTE, Relativistic Accretion Disk Fits to 3C~273 and the Origin of


  We fit general relativistic, geometrically thin accretion disk models with
non-LTE atmospheres to near simultaneous multiwavelength data of 3C~273,
extending from the optical to the far ultraviolet. Our model fits show no flux
discontinuity associated with a hydrogen Lyman edge, but they do exhibit a
spectral break which qualitatively resembles that seen in the data. This break
arises from relativistic smearing of Lyman emission edges which are produced
locally at tens of gravitational radii in the disk. We discuss the possible
effects of metal line blanketing on the model spectra, as well as the
substantial Comptonization required to explain the observed soft X-ray excess.
Our best fit accretion disk model underpredicts the near ultraviolet emission
in this source, and also has an optical spectrum which is too red. We discuss
some of the remaining physical uncertainties, and suggest in particular that an
extension of our models to the slim disk regime and/or including nonzero
magnetic torques across the innermost stable circular orbit may help resolve
these discrepancies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179290 </DOCNO>
The pairing Hamiltonian for one pair of identical nucleons bound in a


  The problem of one pair of identical nucleons sitting in ${\cal N}$ single
particle levels of a potential well and interacting through the pairing force
is treated introducing even Grassmann variables. The eigenvectors are
analytically expressed solely in terms of these with coefficients fixed by the
eigenvalues and the single particle energies. When the latter are those of an
harmonic oscillator well an accurate expression is derived for both the
collective eigenvalue and for those trapped in between the single particle
levels, for any strength of the pairing interaction and for any number of
levels. Notably the trapped solutions are labelled through an index upon which
they depend parabolically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 565 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Fermion Formation at the Metal-to-Insulator Transition in


  The perovskite-like transition-metal oxide Gd$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$TiO$_3$ is
investigated by measurements of resistivity, specific-heat, and electron
paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Approaching the metal-to-insulator transition
from the metallic regime ($x \geq 0.2$), the Sommerfeld coefficient $\gamma$ of
the specific heat becomes strongly enhanced and the resistivity increases
quadratically at low temperatures, which both are fingerprints of strong
electronic correlations. The temperature dependence of the dynamic
susceptibility, as determined from the Gd$^{3+}$-EPR linewidth, signals the
importance of strong spin fluctuations, as observed in heavy-fermion compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1428 </DOCNO>
Lattice Properties of MgB2 versus Temperature and Pressure


  We have determined the structural properties of the superconducting compound
MgB2 as a function of temperature from 11 K to 297 K and as a function of
hydrostatic pressure up to 0.62 GPa using neutron powder diffraction. This
compound, when compared to other diborides with the same structure, is
characterized by unusually large anisotropies of both the thermal expansion and
compressibility, with the c-axis responses being substantially larger in both
cases. We speculate that the comparatively weaker metal-boron bonding in MgB2,
manifest by these lattice responses, is important for establishing the
structural features that give rise to high Tc superconductivity in this
structure type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73495 </DOCNO>
Reply to "Comment about pion electroproduction and the axial form


  It is shown that comments by Guichon [hep-ph/0012126], and also by Bernard,
Kaiser, and Mei{\ss}ner [hep-ph/0101062], regarding my recent criticism [Phys.
Rev. Lett. 85, 3576 (2000)] of how the axial form factor is supposed to enter
pion electroproduction do not address the main point of my argument and
therefore are irrelevant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124431 </DOCNO>
On the pulsation mode identification of short-period Galactic Cepheids


  We present new theoretical Period-Radius (PR) relations for first overtone
Galactic Cepheids. Current predictions are based on several sequences of
nonlinear, convective pulsation models at solar chemical composition (Y=0.28,
Z=0.02) and stellar masses ranging from 3.0 to 5.5 Mo. The comparison between
predicted and empirical radii of four short-period Galactic Cepheids suggests
that QZ Nor and EV Sct are pulsating in the fundamental mode, whereas Polaris
and SZ Tau pulsate in the first overtone. This finding supports the mode
identifications that rely on the comparison between direct and
Period-Luminosity (PL) based distance determinations but it is somewhat at
variance with the mode identification based on Fourier parameters. In fact, we
find from our models that fundamental and first overtone pulsators attain, for
periods ranging from 2.7 to 4 d, quite similar phi_21 values, making mode
discrimination from this parameter difficult. The present mode identifications
for our sample of Cepheids are strengthened by the accuracy of their empirical
radius estimates, as well as by the evidence that predicted fundamental and
first overtone radii do not show, within the current uncertainty on the
Mass-Luminosity (ML) relation, any degeneracy in the same period range.
Accurate radius determinations are therefore an excellent tool to unambiguously
determine the pulsation modes of short-period Cepheids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87062 </DOCNO>
An inhomogeneous fractal cosmological model


  We present a cosmological model in which the metric allows for an
inhomogeneous Universe with no intrinsic symmetries (Stephani models),
providing the ideal features to describe a fractal distribution of matter.
Constraints on the metric functions are derived using the expansion and
redshift relations and allowing for scaling number counts, as expected in a
fractal set. The main characteristics of such a cosmological model are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74777 </DOCNO>
Understanding the penguin amplitude in $B \to \phi K$ decays


  We calculate branching ratios for pure penguin decay modes, $B\to \phi K$
decays using perturbative QCD approach. Our results of branching ratios are
consistent with the experimental data and larger than those obtained from the
naive factorization assumption and the QCD-improved factorization approach.
This is due to a dynamical penguin enhancement in perturbative QCD approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123476 </DOCNO>
Optical Spectroscopy of Type Ib/c Supernovae


  We present 84 spectra of Type Ib/c and Type IIb supernovae (SNe), describing
the individual SNe in detail. The relative depths of the helium absorption
lines in the spectra of the SNe Ib appear to provide a measurement of the
temporal evolution of the SN, with He I 5876 and He I 7065 growing in strength
relative to He I 6678 over time. Light curves for three of the SNe Ib provide a
sequence for correlating the helium-line strengths. We find that some SNe Ic
show evidence for weak helium absorption, but most do not. Aside from the
presence or absence of the helium lines, there are other spectroscopic
differences between SNe Ib and SNe Ic. On average, the O I 7774 line is
stronger in SNe Ic than in SNe Ib. In addition, the SNe Ic have distinctly
broader emission lines at late times, indicating either a consistently larger
explosion energy and/or lower envelope mass for SNe Ic than for SNe Ib. While
SNe Ib appear to be basically homogeneous, the SNe Ic are quite heterogeneous
in their spectroscopic characteristics. Three SNe Ic that may have been
associated with gamma-ray bursts are also discussed; two of these have clearly
peculiar spectra, while the third seems fairly typical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4219 </DOCNO>
Universal thermal conductivity in the vortex state of cuprate


  We formulate an effective low energy theory for the fermionic excitations in
d-wave superconductors in the presence of periodic vortex lattices. These can
be modeled by an effective free Dirac Hamiltonian with renormalized velocities
and possibly a small mass term. In the presence of random nonmagnetic
impurities this will result in universal (i.e. field and disorder strength
independent) thermal and spin conductivities with values different from those
occurring in the Meissner state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179191 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov Calculation of Specific Heat of the


  We calculate the specific heat of the inner crust of neutron stars within a
local-density approximation to an improved relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov
theory. Non-uniformness of the system enhances the specific heat in particular
at low temperatures. The degree of enhancement is similar to that in the
spherical phase of Elgar{\o}y et al. We examine a schematic interpolation
between the results of Broglia et al. adopting the Gogny force and ours based
on the Lagrangian of the relativistic mean field model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149602 </DOCNO>
Scaling Lee-Yang Model on a Sphere. I. Partition Function


  Some general properties of perturbed (rational) CFT in the background metric
of symmetric 2D sphere of radius $R$ are discussed, including conformal
perturbation theory for the partition function and the large $R$ asymptotic.
The truncated conformal space scheme is adopted to treat numerically perturbed
rational CFT's in the spherical background. Numerical results obtained for the
scaling Lee-Yang model lead to the conclusion that the partition function is an
entire function of the coupling constant. Exploiting this analytic structure we
are able to describe rather precisely the ``experimental'' truncated space
data, including even the large $R$ behavior, starting only with the CFT
information and few first terms of conformal perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77146 </DOCNO>
Standard Model baryogenesis through four-fermion operators in


  We study a new baryogenesis scenario in a class of braneworld models with low
fundamental scale, which typically have difficulty with baryogenesis. The
scenario is characterized by its minimal nature: the field content is that of
the Standard Model and all interactions consistent with the gauge symmetry are
admitted. Baryon number is violated via a dimension-6 proton decay operator,
suppressed today by the mechanism of quark-lepton separation in extra
dimensions; we assume that this operator was unsuppressed in the early Universe
due to a time-dependent quark-lepton separation. The source of CP violation is
the CKM matrix, in combination with the dimension-6 operators. We find that
almost independently of cosmology, sufficient baryogenesis is nearly impossible
in such a scenario if the fundamental scale is above 100 TeV, as required by an
unsuppressed neutron-antineutron oscillation operator. The only exception
producing sufficient baryon asymmetry is a scenario involving
out-of-equilibrium c quarks interacting with equilibrium b quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124467 </DOCNO>
ROSAT-HRI detection of the Class I protostar YLW16A in the rho Ophiuchi


  I analyze unpublished or partially published archival ROSAT data of the rho
Ophiuchi dark cloud. This set of seven overlapping ROSAT HRI pointings,
composed of eight ~one-hour exposures, detects mainly the X-ray brightest T
Tauri stars of this star-forming region. Only two HRI sources are new X-ray
sources, and their optical counterparts are proposed as new Weak T Tauri star
candidates. Meanwhile the ROSAT HRI caught during just one exposure a weak
X-ray source (maximum likelihood=10; SNR=4.1\sigma for Gaussian statistics)
among a group of three embedded young stellar objects including two Class I
protostars. Previous ROSAT PSPC, ASCA GIS observations, and as I argue here one
Einstein IPC observation, have already detected an X-ray source in this area,
but this higher angular resolution data show clearly that X-rays are emitted by
the Class I protostar YLW16A. This is the second Class I protostar detected by
the ROSAT HRI in this dark cloud. The determination of the intrinsic X-ray
luminosity of this event, L_X[0.1-2.4 keV]=(9.4-450)*1E30 erg/s, critically
depends on the source absorption estimate. Improvements will be obtained only
by the direct determination of this parameter from fitting of Chandra and
XMM-Newton spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75582 </DOCNO>
Identifying the quark content of the isoscalar scalar mesons f_0(980),


  The assignments of the isoscalar scalar mesons f0(980), f0(1370), and
f0(1500) in terms of their qqbar substructure is still a matter of heated
dispute. Here we employ the weak and electromagnetic decays D(s)(+) to f0+pi(+)
and f0 two-photon decays, respectively, to identify the f0(980) and f0(1500) as
mostly ssbar, and the f0(1370) as dominantly nonstrange, in agreement with
previous work. The two-photon decays can be satisfactorily described with quark
as well as with meson loops, though the latter ones provide a less
model-dependent and more quantitative description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4241 </DOCNO>
Band structure of MoS_2, MoSe_2, and alpha-MoTe_2: Angle-resolved


  In this work the complete valence-band structure of the molybdenum
dichalcogenides MoS_2, MoSe_2, and alpha-MoTe_2 is presented and discussed in
comparison. The valence bands have been studied using both angle-resolved
photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) with synchrotron radiation, as well as,
ab-initio band-structure calculations. The ARPES measurements have been carried
out in the constant-final-state (CFS) mode. The results of the calculations
show in general very good agreement with the experimentally determined
valence-band structures allowing for a clear identification of the observed
features. The dispersion of the valence bands as a function of the
perpendicular component k_perp of the wave vector reveals a decreasing
three-dimensional character from MoS_2 to alpha-MoTe_2 which is attributed to
an increasing interlayer distance in the three compounds. The effect of this
k_perp dispersion on the determination of the exact dispersion of the
individual states as a function of k_parallel is discussed. By performing ARPES
in the CFS mode the k_parallel-component for off-normal emission spectra can be
determined. The corresponding k_perp-value is obtained from the symmetry of the
spectra along the GammaA, KH, and ML line, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86082 </DOCNO>
New Coherent String States and Minimal Uncertainty in WZWN Models


  We study the properties of {\bf exact} (all level $k$) quantum coherent
states in the context of string theory on a group manifold (WZWN models).
Coherent states of WZWN models may help to solve the unitarity problem: Having
positive norm, they consistently describe the very massive string states
(otherwise excluded by the spin-level condition). These states can be
constructed by (at least) two alternative procedures: (i) as the exponential of
the creation operator on the ground state, and (ii) as eigenstates of the
annhilation operator. In the $k\to\infty$ limit, all the known properties of
ordinary coherent states are recovered. States (i) and (ii) (which are
equivalent in the context of ordinary quantum mechanics and string theory in
flat spacetime) are not equivalent in the context of WZWN models. The set (i)
was constructed by these authors in a previous article. In this paper we
provide the construction of states (ii), we compare the two sets and discuss
their properties. We analyze the uncertainty relation, and show that states
(ii) satisfy automatically the {\it minimal uncertainty} condition for any $k$;
they are thus {\it quasiclassical}, in some sense more classical than states
(i) which only satisfy it in the $k\to\infty$ limit. Modification to the
Heisenberg relation is given by $2 {\cal H}/k$, where ${\cal H}$ is connected
to the string energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6101 </DOCNO>
Colored noise influence on the system evolution


  We present a picture of phase transitions of the system with colored
multiplicative noise. Considering the noise amplitude as the power-law
dependence of the stochastic variable $x^a$ we show the way to phase
transitions disorder-order and order-disorder. The governed equations for the
order parameter and one-time correlator are obtained and investigated in
details. The long-time asymptotes in the disordered and ordered domains on the
phase portrait of the system are defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72472 </DOCNO>
Radiative transitions in mesons in a non relativistic quark model


  In the framework of the non relativistic quark model, an exhaustive study of
radiative transitions in mesons is performed. The emphasis is put on several
points. Some traditional approximations (long wave length limit, non
relativistic phase space, dipole approximation for E1 transitions, gaussian
wave functions) are analyzed in detail and their effects commented. A complete
treatment using three different types of realistic quark-antiquark potential is
made. The overall agreement with experimental data is quite good, but some
improvements are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128016 </DOCNO>
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog I. Early Data Release


  We present the first edition of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar
Catalog. The catalog consists of the 3814 objects (3000 discovered by the SDSS)
in the initial SDSS public data release that have at least one emission line
with a full width at half maximum larger than 1000 km/s, luminosities brighter
than M_i^* = -23, and highly reliable redshifts. The area covered by the
catalog is 494 square degrees; the majority of the objects were found in SDSS
commissioning data using a multicolor selection technique. The quasar redshifts
range from 0.15 to 5.03. For each object the catalog presents positions
accurate to better than 0.2" rms per coordinate, five band (ugriz) CCD-based
photometry with typical accuracy of 0.05 mag, radio and X-ray emission
properties, and information on the morphology and selection method. Calibrated
spectra of all objects in the catalog, covering the wavelength region 3800 to
9200 Angstroms at a spectral resolution of 1800-2100, are also available. Since
the quasars were selected during the commissioning period, a time when the
quasar selection algorithm was undergoing frequent revisions, the sample is not
homogeneous and is not intended for statistical analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72895 </DOCNO>
The Collins function: a simple model calculation


  The Collins function belongs to the class of the so-called time-reversal odd
fragmentation functions. Being chiral-odd as well, it can serve as an important
tool to observe the nucleon's transversity distribution in semi-inclusive DIS.
Due to the possible presence of final state interactions, this function can be
non-zero, though this has never been demonstrated in an explicit model
calculation. We use a simple pseudoscalar coupling between pions and quarks to
model the fragmentation process and we show that the inclusion of one-loop
corrections generates a non-vanishing Collins function, therefore giving
support to its existence from the theoretical point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75279 </DOCNO>
Pomerons


  New small-$x$ data indicate the existence of two pomerons: the usual soft
pomeron with intercept close to 1.08, and a hard pomeron with intercept about
1.4

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126861 </DOCNO>
Physical vacuum and cosmic coincidence problem


  A framework is suggested in which the energy integrals of the Friedmann
cosmology are identified as genuine time-independent physical characteristics
for both vacuum and non-vacuum forms of cosmic energy. The integrals are found
to be numerically coincident within two orders of magnitude. It is assumed that
this coincidence reveals a symmetry that relates vacuum to non-vacuum forms of
cosmic energy at fundamental level. The symmetry shows the well-known cosmic
coincidence problem and the naturalness problem as two inter-related aspects of
a more general problem: Why are the energy integrals numerically coincident and
equal to $ \sim 10^{60} M_{Pl}^{-1}$? A simple kinetics model of cosmological
freeze out is used to examine how -- at least, in principle -- the electroweak
scale physics might explain the nature of the symmetry between vacuum and
non-vacuum cosmic energies and determine the value of the energy integrals in
terms of the fundamental energy scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96305 </DOCNO>
Chern classes for representations of reductive groups


  Let G be a complex connected reductive group. The representation ring R(G)
admits a canonical filtration defined in terms of the lambda-structure. We
compute the associated graded ring gr R(G) (over Q) and the Chern classes of a
representation -- an easy exercise which we have been unable to find in the
literature. As an application we give a simple definition of the characteristic
classes of a principal bundle P --> B in gr K(B), and a simple way of computing
the Chern classes of the associated vector bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3747 </DOCNO>
The Effect of Lattice Vibrations on Substitutional Alloy Thermodynamics


  A longstanding limitation of first-principles calculations of substitutional
alloy phase diagrams is the difficulty to account for lattice vibrations. A
survey of the theoretical and experimental literature seeking to quantify the
impact of lattice vibrations on phase stability indicates that this effect can
be substantial. Typical vibrational entropy differences between phases are of
the order of 0.1 to 0.2 k_B/atom, which is comparable to the typical values of
configurational entropy differences in binary alloys (at most 0.693 k_B/atom).
This paper describes the basic formalism underlying ab initio phase diagram
calculations, along with the generalization required to account for lattice
vibrations. We overview the various techniques allowing the theoretical
calculation and the experimental determination of phonon dispersion curves and
related thermodynamic quantities, such as vibrational entropy or free energy. A
clear picture of the origin of vibrational entropy differences between phases
in an alloy system is presented that goes beyond the traditional bond counting
and volume change arguments. Vibrational entropy change can be attributed to
the changes in chemical bond stiffness associated with the changes in bond
length that take place during a phase transformation. This so-called ``bond
stiffness vs. bond length'' interpretation both summarizes the key phenomenon
driving vibrational entropy changes and provides a practical tool to model
them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97404 </DOCNO>
The index of a Lie algebra, the centraliser of a nilpotent element, and


  In this paper, we study the index for several natural classes of
non-reductive subalgebras of semisimple Lie algebras. Namely, we look at
parabolic subalgebras, centralisers of nilpotent elements, and the normalisers
of the centralisers. We discuss a conjecture of Elashvili to the effect that
the index of any centraliser is equal to the rank of the semisimple algebra in
question. It is shown that Elashvili's conjecture is true for `small' and
`large' orbits. Some properties of the index for the normaliser of the
centraliser are proved. In particular, we prove that, for a regular nilpotent
element, the normaliser of the centraliser is a Frobenius Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75836 </DOCNO>
Isospin Fluctuations in QCD and Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions


  We address the role of fluctuations in strongly interacting matter during the
dense stages of a heavy-ion collision through its electromagnetic emission.
Fluctuations of isospin charge are considered in a thermal system at rest as
well as in a moving hadronic fluid at fixed proper time within a finite bin of
pseudo-rapidity. In the former case, we use general thermodynamic relations to
establish a connection between fluctuations and the space-like screening limit
of the retarded photon self-energy, which directly relates to the emissivities
of dileptons and photons. Effects of hadronic interactions are highlighted
through two illustrative calculations. In the latter case, we show that a
finite time scale $\tau$ inherent in the evolution of a heavy-ion collision
implies that equilibrium fluctuations involve both space-like and time-like
components of the photon self-energy in the system. Our study of non-thermal
effects, explored here through a stochastic treatment, shows that an early and
large fluctuation in isospin survives only if it is accompanied by a large
temperature fluctuation at freeze-out, an unlikely scenario in hadronic phases
with large heat capacity. We point out prospects for the future which include:
(1) A determination of the Debye mass of the system at the dilute freeze-out
stage of a heavy-ion collision, and (2) A delineation of the role of charge
fluctuations during the dense stages of the collision through a study of
electromagnetic emissivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6341 </DOCNO>
Landauer-B\"uttiker-type current formula for hybrid mesoscopic systems


  A general Landauer-B\"uttiker-type current formula is derived, which can be
applied to the ferromagnet (F)/Normal metal (N)/superconductor (S), F/N/N,
N/N/S and N/N/N systems in the presence of various kinds of interactions in the
central region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95734 </DOCNO>
Operators near completely polynomially dominated ones and similarity


  Let T and C be two Hilbert space operators. We prove that if T is near, in a
certain sense, to an operator completely polynomially dominated with a finite
bound by C, then T is similar to an operator which is completely polynomially
dominated by the direct sum of C and a suitable weighted unilateral shift.
Among the applications, a refined Banach space version of Rota similarity
theorem is given and partial answers to a problem of K. Davidson and V. Paulsen
are obtained. The latter problem concerns CAR-valued Foguel-Hankel operators
which are generalizations of the operator considered by G. Pisier in his
example of a polynomial bounded operator not similar to a contraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73174 </DOCNO>
Saturation and Universality in QCD at small x


  We find approximate solutions to the renormalization group equation which
governs the quantum evolution of the effective theory for the Color Glass
Condensate. This is a functional Fokker-Planck equation which generates in
particular the non-linear evolution equations previously derived by Balitsky
and Kovchegov within perturbative QCD. In the limit where the transverse
momentum of the external probe is large compared to the saturation momentum,
our approximations yield the Gaussian Ansatz for the effective action of the
McLerran-Venugopalan model. In the opposite limit, of a small external
momentum, we find that the effective theory is governed by a scale-invariant
universal action which has the correct properties to describe gluon saturation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6860 </DOCNO>
The dynamics of a strongly driven two component Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We consider a two component Bose-Einstein condensate in two spatially
localized modes of a double well potential, with periodic modulation of the
tunnel coupling between the two modes. We treat the driven quantum field using
a two mode expansion and define the quantum dynamics in terms of the Floquet
Operator for the time periodic Hamiltonian of the system. It has been shown
that the corresponding semiclassical mean-field dynamics can exhibit regions of
regular and chaotic motion. We show here that the quantum dynamics can exhibit
dynamical tunneling between regions of regular motion, centered on fixed points
(resonances) of the semiclassical dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77017 </DOCNO>
A NLO calculation of the large p_T photon + photon -> photon + jet cross


  We study the production of an isolated large p_T photon as well as the
production of an isolated prompt photon plus a jet in e^+e^- collisions. Our
results are obtained by a NLO Monte Carlo program of partonic event generator
type. We discuss the possibilities to constrain the parton densities in the
real photon and compare to preliminary OPAL data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73166 </DOCNO>
Ambiguities of theoretical parameters and CP/T violation in neutrino


  We study the optimal setup for observation of the CP asymmetry in neutrino
factory experiments --- the baseline length, the muon energy and the analysis
method. First, we point out that the statistical quantity which has been used
in previous works doesn't represent the CP asymmetry. Then we propose the more
suitable quantity, $\equiv \chi^{2}_{2} $, which is sensitive to the CP
asymmetry. We investigate the behavior of $ \chi^{2}_{2} $ with ambiguities of
the theoretical parameters. The fake CP asymmetry due to the matter effect
increases with the baseline length and hence the error in the estimation of the
fake CP asymmetry grows with the baseline length due to the ambiguities of the
theoretical parameters. Namely, we lose the sensitivity to the genuine
CP-violation effect in longer baseline.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149825 </DOCNO>
Closed universes can satisfy the holographic principle in three


  We examine in details Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models in 2+1 dimensions in
order to investigate the cosmic holographic principle suggested by Fischler and
Susskind. Our results are rigorously derived differing from the previous one
found by Wang and Abdalla. We discuss the erroneous assumptions done in this
work. The matter content of the models is composed of a perfect fluid, with a
$\gamma$-law equation of state. We found that closed universes satisfy the
holographic principle only for exotic matter with a negative pressure. We also
analyze the case of a collapsing flat universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73514 </DOCNO>
Fine-Tuning Solution for Hybrid Inflation in Dissipative Chaotic


  We study the presence of chaotic behavior in phase space in the
pre-inflationary stage of hybrid inflation models. This is closely related to
the problem of initial conditions associated to these inflationary type of
models. We then show how an expected dissipative dynamics of fields just before
the onset of inflation can solve or ease considerably the problem of initial
conditions, driving naturally the system towards inflation. The chaotic
behavior of the corresponding dynamical system is studied by the computation of
the fractal dimension of the boundary, in phase space, separating inflationary
from non-inflationary trajectories. The fractal dimension for this boundary is
determined as a function of the dissipation coefficients appearing in the
effective equations of motion for the fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124154 </DOCNO>
Stability analyses of two-temperature radiative shocks: formulation,


  We present a general formulation for stability analyses of radiative shocks
with multiple cooling processes, longitudinal and transverse perturbations, and
unequal electron and ion temperatures. Using the accretion shocks of magnetic
cataclysmic variables as an illustrative application, we investigate the shock
instabilities by examining the eigenfunctions of the perturbed hydrodynamic
variables. We also investigate the effects of varying the condition at the
lower boundary of the post-shock flow from a zero-velocity fixed wall to
several alternative type of boundaries involving the perturbed hydrodynamic
variables, and the variations of the emission from the post-shock flow under
different modes of oscillations. We found that the stability properties for
flow with a stationary-wall lower boundary are not significantly affected by
perturbing the lower boundary condition, and they are determined mainly by the
energy-transport processes. Moreover, there is no obvious correlation between
the amplitude or phase of the luminosity response and the stability properties
of the system. Stability of the system can, however, be modified in the
presence of transverse perturbation. The luminosity responses are also altered
by transverse perturbation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83712 </DOCNO>
Stacking classifiers for anti-spam filtering of e-mail


  We evaluate empirically a scheme for combining classifiers, known as stacked
generalization, in the context of anti-spam filtering, a novel cost-sensitive
application of text categorization. Unsolicited commercial e-mail, or "spam",
floods mailboxes, causing frustration, wasting bandwidth, and exposing minors
to unsuitable content. Using a public corpus, we show that stacking can improve
the efficiency of automatically induced anti-spam filters, and that such
filters can be used in real-life applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97793 </DOCNO>
Belyi's theorem revisited


  We give an elementary, self-contained and quick proof of Belyi's theorem. As
a by-product of our proof we obtain an explicit bound for the degree of the
defining number field of a Belyi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124758 </DOCNO>
SNO and Supernovae


  The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has unique capabilities as a supernova
detector. In the event of a galactic supernova there are opportunities, with
the data that SNO would collect, to constrain certain intrinsic neutrino
properties significantly, to test details of the various models of supernova
dynamics, and to provide prompt notification to the astronomical community
through the Supernova Early Warning System (SNEWS). This paper consists of a
discussion of these opportunities illustrated by some preliminary Monte Carlo
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97385 </DOCNO>
An extension theorem for separately holomorphic functions with


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author(s) and included into the new
version of "An extension theorem for separately holomorphic functions with
singularities", math.CV/0104089.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150213 </DOCNO>
General structure of the photon self-energy in non-commutative QED


  We study the behavior of the photon two point function, in non-commutative
QED, in a general covariant gauge and in arbitrary space-time dimensions. We
show, to all orders, that the photon self-energy is transverse. Using an
appropriate extension of the dimensional regularization method, we evaluate the
one-loop corrections, which show that the theory is renormalizable. We also
prove, to all orders, that the poles of the photon propagator are gauge
independent and briefly discuss some other related aspects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 486 </DOCNO>
Effect of nearest- and next-nearest neighbor interactions on the


  We study spin fluctuations in quarter-filled one-dimensional
spin-density-wave systems in presence of short-range Coulomb interactions. By
applying a path integral method, the spin-wave velocity is calculated as a
function of on-site (U), nearest (V) and next-nearest (V_2) neighbor-site
interactions. With increasing V or V_2, the pure spin-density-wave state
evolves into a state with coexisting spin- and charge-density waves. The
spin-wave velocity is reduced when several density waves coexist in the ground
state, and may even vanish at large V. The effect of dimerization along the
chain is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124214 </DOCNO>
The Environments of a Complete, Moderate-Redshift Sample of FIRST


  We present an optical spectroscopic and imaging study of the environments of
a complete sample of moderate-redshift, bent-double radio sources. More than
half of the forty radio galaxies in the sample are associated with Abell
richness class 0 or greater clusters at z<0.4. Most of the remaining objects
are associated with groups, although a few appear to be hosted by nearly
isolated elliptical galaxies. For the bent doubles appearing in poor
environments, either dense gas must be associated with the systems to provide
the ram pressure to bend the lobes, or alternative bending mechanisms will have
to be invoked to explain the radio morphologies. Correlation with the ROSAT All
Sky Survey Bright and Faint Source Catalogs reveals the majority of the z<0.2
objects in our sample that we classify optically as clusters are also X-ray
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129183 </DOCNO>
N-band Observations of He 2-10: Unveiling the Dusty Engine of a


  To better understand the early stages of massive star cluster evolution we
have obtained J,H,K', and N (10.8 micron) images of the nuclear region of the
starburst galaxy He 2-10. The N-band images were obtained with the Gemini North
telescope and reveal four of the five enshrouded clusters, or "ultradense HII
regions" (UDHIIs), recently discovered in radio maps. None of these sources
appears in either the optical HST images or the near-infrared images. They
comprise about 60% of the total N-band flux from He 2-10 and, we suspect, a
similar fraction of the total far infrared flux measured by IRAS. The inferred
spectra of the UDHIIs are very similar to those of Galactic ultracompact HII
regions and we have modeled the UDHIIs under the assumption that they are
"scaled-up" versions of these objects. The bolometric luminosity of the
brightest UDHII is estimated to be ~2x10^9 L_sun, and the total mass of the
dust and gas is ~10^7 M_sun. The mass of the enshrouded stellar cluster must be
> 2.5x10^6 M_sun and the age must be < 4.8x10^6 yr. All of the stellar clusters
within the UDHIIs must have ages less than about 5x10^6 yr and masses greater
than about 5x10^5 M_sun. The logarithmic ratios of the radio to far infrared
flux densities for the individual UDHIIs, and He 2-10 as a whole, are
significantly larger than the average for normal galaxies, but comparable to
those for ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Large ratios for some starburst
galaxies may indicate that a significant fraction of the far infrared flux
arises from UDHIIs. If all of the far infrared flux from He 2-10 and other
starbursts is produced by heavily obscured regions, the observed correlation
between UV continuum slope and infrared-to-ultraviolet flux ratio in starbursts
cannot be due primarily to UV reprocessing by dust in a foreground screen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3933 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model


  We investigate the possibility and stability of bandferromagnetism in the
single-band Hubbard model. This model poses a highly non-trivial many-body
problem the general solution of which has not been found up to now.
Approximations are still unavoidable. Starting from a simple two-pole ansatz
for the spectral density our approach is systematically improved by focusing on
the influence of quasiparticle damping and the correct weak-and strong coupling
behaviour. The compatibility of the different aproximative steps with decisive
moment sum rules is analysed and the importance of a spin-dependent band shift
mediated by higher correlation functions is worked out. Results are presented
in terms of temperature- and band occupation-dependent quasiparticle densities
of states and band structures as well as spontaneous magnetisations,
susceptibilities and Curie temperatures for varying electron densities and
coupling strengths. Comparison is made to numerically essentially exact Quantum
Monte Carlo calculations recently done by other authors using dynamical mean
field theory for infinite-dimensional lattices. The main conclusion will be
that the Hubbard model provides a qualitatively correct description of
bandferromagnetism if quasiparticle damping and selfconsistent spin-dependent
bandshifts are properly taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148826 </DOCNO>
Split string field theory I


  We describe projection operators in the matter sector of Witten's cubic
string field theory using modes on the right and left halves of the string.
These projection operators represent a step towards an analytic solution of the
equations of motion of the full string field theory, and can be used to
construct Dp-brane solutions of the string field theory when the BRST operator
Q is taken to be pure ghost, as suggested in the recent conjecture by Rastelli,
Sen and Zwiebach. We show that a family of solutions related to the sliver
state are rank one projection operators on the appropriate space of half-string
functionals, and we construct higher rank projection operators corresponding to
configurations of multiple D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74228 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Doublet-Triplet Higgs Mass Splitting


  We propose a new mechanism towards the solution to the doublet-triplet Higgs
mass splitting problem in the supersymmetric grand unified theory. Our model is
based on the gauge group $SU(5)_H \times SU(5)_{GUT}$, where $SU(5)_H$ and
$SU(5)_{GUT}$ are a new strong gauge interaction and the ordinary grand unified
gauge group, respectively. The doublet-triplet Higgs mass splitting is realized
through the quantum deformation of moduli space caused by the strong $SU(5)_H$
gauge dynamics. The low energy description of our model is given by the minimal
supersymmetric standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83967 </DOCNO>
Machine Learning in Automated Text Categorization


  The automated categorization (or classification) of texts into predefined
categories has witnessed a booming interest in the last ten years, due to the
increased availability of documents in digital form and the ensuing need to
organize them. In the research community the dominant approach to this problem
is based on machine learning techniques: a general inductive process
automatically builds a classifier by learning, from a set of preclassified
documents, the characteristics of the categories. The advantages of this
approach over the knowledge engineering approach (consisting in the manual
definition of a classifier by domain experts) are a very good effectiveness,
considerable savings in terms of expert manpower, and straightforward
portability to different domains. This survey discusses the main approaches to
text categorization that fall within the machine learning paradigm. We will
discuss in detail issues pertaining to three different problems, namely
document representation, classifier construction, and classifier evaluation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124352 </DOCNO>
Thermal relaxation of very small solar magnetic structures in


  The equilibrium configuration of very small magnetic fluxtubes in an
intergranular environment automatically produces kG magnetic field strengths.
We argue that such process takes place in the Sun and complements the
convective collapse (CC), which is traditionally invoked to explain the
formation of kG magnetic concentrations in the solar photosphere. In
particular, it can concentrate the very weak magnetic fluxes revealed by the
new IR spectro-polarimeters, for which the operation of the CC may have
difficulty. As part of the argument, we show the existence of solar magnetic
features of very weak fluxes yet concentrated magnetic fields (some 3 x 10^{16}
Mx and 1500 G).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128137 </DOCNO>
H-alpha Distance Constraints for High-Velocity Clouds in the Galactic


  We present some developments in determining H-alpha distances to
high-velocity clouds (HVCs) in the Galactic halo. Until recently, it was
difficult to assess the nature and origin of HVCs because so little was known
about them. But now several HVCs have reliable distance bounds derived from the
stellar absorption technique, and more than a dozen have abundance
measurements. In addition, twenty or more HVCs have been detected in H-alpha
(and a few in optical forbidden lines). Over the past five years, we have been
developing a model of the halo radiation field which includes contributions
from the stellar disk, the stellar bulge, the hot corona, and the Magellanic
Clouds. In certain instances, the H-alpha flux from an opaque HI cloud can be
used to derive a crude distance constraint to the cloud. For a UV escape
fraction of f_esc ~ 6% perpendicular to the disk (f_esc ~ 1-2% when averaged
over solid angle), the HVCs appear to be broadly consistent with the spiral arm
model. We caution that a larger database with full sky coverage is required
before the usefulness of H-alpha distances can be fully assessed. We present a
number of detailed predictions from our distance frame to encourage independent
assessments from future observations. If the model is valid, we find that most
HVCs detected to date are scattered throughout the halo up to distances of 50
kpc from the Sun. Most of this material is likely to be debris from recent
galaxy interactions, or even debris dislodged from the outer Galaxy disk. We
propose some future tests of the H-alpha distance model and briefly discuss
recent H-alpha detections along the Magellanic Bridge and Magellanic Stream.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40709 </DOCNO>
Higgs self coupling measurement in e+e- collisions at center-of-mass


  Feasibility of the measurement of the trilinear self-couplings of the Higgs
boson is studied. Such a measurement would experimentally determine the
structure of the Higgs potential. Full hadronic and semi-leptonic final states
of the double-Higgs strahlung have been investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83765 </DOCNO>
Yet another zeta function and learning


  We study the convergence speed of the batch learning algorithm, and compare
its speed to that of the memoryless learning algorithm and of learning with
memory (as analyzed in joint work with N. Komarova). We obtain precise results
and show in particular that the batch learning algorithm is never worse than
the memoryless learning algorithm (at least asymptotically). Its performance
vis-a-vis learning with full memory is less clearcut, and depends on
certainprobabilistic assumptions. These results necessitate theintroduction of
the moment zeta function of a probability distribution and the study of some of
its properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114091 </DOCNO>
Modeling the effects of tetanus vaccination on chronically infected HIV


  T-cell activation plays a critical role in the initiation and propagation of
HIV-1 infection and yet transient activation of the immune system is a normal
response to immunization. In this study we extend a simple of model of HIV
infection to include T cell activation by vaccination. We then show that the
model can reproduce many but not all of the features of the post-tetanus
immunization rise in viral load observed and reported on by Stanley et al., [N.
Engl. J. Med., 334:1222--1230 (1996)]. Amplitudes and approximate timing of
post-immunization maximum viremia were matched in nine of twelve cases; in
patients with double peaks of nearly equal amplitude the later peaks were
matched. Patients with single early peaks in their viremia were best fit with
relatively high antigen clearance rate constants, while patients with early and
late peaks in viremia of equal or nearly equal amplitude were best-fit with
much lower clearance rates. The rate of clearance may depend on the level of
pre-existing antibody, which in turn would be expected to depend on the time
since the individual under study received a previous tetanus vaccination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127985 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Population in a Cluster of Galaxies around the Radio Galaxy 3C


  We discuss the properties of galaxies around the radio galaxy 3C 324 at z=1.2
based on BVRIK' multi-band imaging data. We have applied a photometric-redshift
technique to objects in the 3C 324 field, and identified 35 objects as
plausible cluster members. We have found that red and luminous members are
concentrated in a small region enclosed by a circle of 40" radius (0.33 Mpc at
z=1.2 for \Omega_0=0.3, \lambda_0=0.7, H_0=70km/s/Mpc cosmology) from the 3C
324 galaxy. The 3C 324 cluster is probably much more compact in size compared
with the local clusters. We constructed a K'-band luminosity function of the
cluster members and fit a Schechter function, and found the characteristic
magnitude to be K*_{AB}=20.2+-0.6. This value is consistent with the
extrapolation of the pure passive evolution seen for z<1 clusters. We have
identified eight bright galaxies which form a red color-magnitude sequence. The
slope of the sequence is consistent with the passive evolution model down to
K'_{AB}<22; we also found that there is no clear age variation in these bright
red galaxies. However, seven out of these eight galaxies exhibit a significant
excess in the rest UV light with respect to the passive evolution model. This
may suggest that the massive early-type galaxies in this high-redshift cluster
are still forming stars to some extent. We have confirmed a truncation of the
color-magnitude sequence at K'_{AB}\sim22; faint passively-evolving galaxies
may not yet be present in this cluster at z\sim1.2. The overall color
distribution of the cluster members, selected by the photometric redshift
technique, is found to be very broad. We derived the fraction of blue galaxies
in this cluster following a

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127707 </DOCNO>
Periodicities in data observed during the minimum and the rising phase


  Three types of observations: the daily values of the solar radio flux at 7
frequencies, the daily international sunspot number and the daily Stanford mean
solar magnetic field were processed in order to find all the periodicities
hidden in the data. Using a new approach to the radio data, two time series
were obtained for each frequency examined, one more sensitive to spot magnetic
fields, the other to large magnetic structures not connected with sunspots.
Power spectrum analysis of the data was carried out separately for the minimum
(540 days from 1 March 1996 to 22 August 1997) and for the rising phase (708
days from 23 August 1997 to 31 July 1999) of the solar cycle 23. The Scargle
periodograms obtained, normalized for the effect of autocorrelation, show the
majority of known periods and reveal a clear difference between the
periodicities found in the minimum and the rising phase. We determined the
rotation rate of the `active longitudes' in the rising phase as equal to 444.4
$\pm$ 4 nHz ($26\fd0 \pm 0\fd3$). The results indicate that appropriate and
careful analysis of daily radio data at several frequencies allows the
investigation of solar periodicities generated in different layers of the solar
atmosphere by various phenomena related to the periodic emergence of diverse
magnetic structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76764 </DOCNO>
Fermi and the Elucidation of Matter


  Fermi helped establish a new framework for understanding matter, based on
quantum theory. This framework refines and improves traditional atomism in two
crucial respects. First, the elementary constituents of matter belong to a very
small number of classes, and all objects of a given class (e.g., all electrons)
are rigorously identical, indeed indistinguishable. This profound identity is
demonstrated empirically through the phenomena of quantum statistics, and is
explained by the principles of free quantum field theory. Second, objects of
one class can mutate into objects of other classes. Such mutability can be
understood as manifesting interacting quantum field theory. Fermi contributed
to establishing theoretical foundations for the new viewpoint, through his work
on quantum statistics and quantum field theory, and to its fruitful application
and empirical validation, through his work on beta decay, nuclear
transmutation, and primeval strong interaction theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125325 </DOCNO>
An XMM-Newton observation of the luminous Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 509


  We present the spectral analysis of an early XMM-Newton observation of the
luminous Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 509. We find the hard (2-10 keV) continuum
slope, including reflection, to be somewhat flatter ($\Gamma=1.75$) than for a
typical BLS1. The most obvious feature in the hard X-ray spectrum is a narrow
emission line near 6.4 keV, with an equivalent width of 50 eV. The energy and
strength of this line is consistent with fluorescence from `neutral' iron in
the molecular torus, and we note the emerging ubiquity of this feature in
XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of Seyfert 1 galaxies over a wide
luminosity range. We also find evidence for a second emission line at 6.7-6.9
keV, which we attempt to model by reflection from a highly ionised disc. A
`soft excess', evident as an upward curvature in the continuum flux below 1.5
keV, cannot be explained solely by enhanced reflection from the ionised disc.
The RGS spectrum shows only weak discrete emission and absorption features in
the soft X-ray spectrum, supporting our conclusion that the soft excess
emission in Mkn 509 represents the high energy portion of optically thick,
thermal emission from the inner accretion disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124690 </DOCNO>
Towards a resolution of the discrepancy between different estimators of


  Different wavelength regimes and methods for estimating the space density of
the star-formation rate (SFR) result in discrepant values. While it is
recognised that ultra-violet (UV) and H-alpha emission line data must be
corrected for the effects of extinction, the magnitude of the required
correction is uncertain. Even when these corrections are made there remains a
significant discrepancy between SFRs derived from UV and H-alpha measurements
compared with those derived from far-infrared (FIR) and radio luminosities.
Since the FIR/radio derived SFRs are not affected by extinction, and simple
corrections to reconcile the UV and H-alpha measurement with these do not fully
account for the discrepancies, a more sophisticated correction may be required.
Recent results suggest that at least part of the solution may be a form of
extinction which increases with increasing SFR (or luminosity, given the common
assumption that SFR is proportional to luminosity). We present an analysis of
the effects of a dust reddening dependent on star formation rate applied to
estimators of SFR. We show (1) that the discrepancies between H-alpha and
FIR/radio SFR estimates may be explained by such an effect, and we present an
iterative method for applying the correction; and (2) UV-based estimates of SFR
are harder to reconcile with FIR/radio estimates using this method, although
the extent of the remaining discrepancy is less than for a non-SFR-dependent
correction. Particularly at high redshift, our understanding of extinction at
UV wavelengths may require a still more complex explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83646 </DOCNO>
Component Programming and Interoperability in Constraint Solver Design


  Prolog was once the main host for implementing constraint solvers.
  It seems that it is no longer so. To be useful, constraint solvers have to be
integrable into industrial applications written in imperative or
object-oriented languages; to be efficient, they have to interact with other
solvers. To meet these requirements, many solvers are now implemented in the
form of extensible object-oriented libraries. Following Pfister and Szyperski,
we argue that ``objects are not enough,'' and we propose to design solvers as
component-oriented libraries. We illustrate our approach by the description of
the architecture of a prototype, and we assess its strong points and
weaknesses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75723 </DOCNO>
Localisation of massive fermions on the brane


  We construct an explicit model to describe fermions confined on a four
dimensional brane embedded in a five dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. We
extend previous works to accommodate massive bound states on the brane and
exhibit the transverse structure of the fermionic fields. We estimate
analytically and calculate numerically the fermion mass spectrum on the brane,
which we show to be discrete. The confinement life-time of the bound states is
evaluated, and it is shown that existing constraints can be made compatible
with the existence of massive fermions trapped on the brane for durations much
longer than the age of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124508 </DOCNO>
Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in warped accretion discs


  Warped, precessing accretion discs appear in a range of astrophysical
systems, for instance the X-ray binary Her X-1 and in the active nucleus of
NGC4258. In a warped accretion disc there are horizontal pressure gradients
that drive an epicyclic motion. We have studied the interaction of this
epicyclic motion with the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in numerical
simulations. We find that the turbulent stress acting on the epicyclic motion
is comparable in size to the stress that drives the accretion, however an
important ingredient in the damping of the epicyclic motion is its parametric
decay into inertial waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148156 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry in Quantum Mechanics of Colored Particles


  The role of supercharge operators is studied in the case of a Dirac particle
moving in a constant chromomagnetic field. The Hamiltonian is factorised and
the ground state wave function in the case of unbroken supersymmetry is
determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114022 </DOCNO>
Resonant enhancements of high-order harmonic generation


  Solving the one-dimensional time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation for simple
model potentials, we investigate resonance-enhanced high-order harmonic
generation, with emphasis on the physical mechanism of the enhancement. By
truncating a long-range potential, we investigate the significance of the
long-range tail, the Rydberg series, and the existence of highly excited states
for the enhancements in question. We conclude that the channel closings typical
of a short-range or zero-range potential are capable of generating essentially
the same effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85728 </DOCNO>
Convergence to a self-similar solution in general relativistic


  We study the spherical collapse of a perfect fluid with an equation of state
$P=k\rho$ by full general relativistic numerical simulations. For $0<k\alt
0.036$, it has been known that there exists a general relativistic counterpart
of the Larson-Penston self-similar Newtonian solution. The numerical
simulations strongly suggest that, in the neighborhood of the center, generic
collapse converges to this solution in an approach to a singularity and that
self-similar solutions other than this solution, including a ``critical
solution'' in the black hole critical behavior, are relevant only when the
parameters which parametrize initial data are fine-tuned. This result is
supported by a mode analysis on the pertinent self-similar solutions. Since a
naked singularity forms in the general relativistic Larson-Penston solution for
$0<k\alt0.0105$, this will be the most serious known counterexample against
cosmic censorship. It also provides strong evidence for the self-similarity
hypothesis in general relativistic gravitational collapse. The direct
consequence is that critical phenomena will be observed in the collapse of
isothermal gas in Newton gravity, and the critical exponent $\gamma$ will be
given by $\gamma\approx 0.11$, though the order parameter cannot be the black
hole mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76817 </DOCNO>
Tests of the Polyakov Loops Model


  I give a brief review of the Polyakov Loops Model and tests thereof. I
concentrate especially on how in a pure SU(N) gauge theory, Polyakov loops with
Z(N) charges two and three affect the effective potential for charge-one loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7315 </DOCNO>
Gap generation in the XXZ model in a transverse magnetic field


  The ground state phase diagram of the 1D XXZ model in transverse magnetic
field is obtained. It consists of the gapped phases with different types of
long range order (LRO) and critical lines at which the gap and the LRO vanish.
  Using scaling estimations and a mean-field approach as well as numerical
results we found critical indices of the gap and the LRO in the vicinity of all
critical lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85963 </DOCNO>
Diffusion of the scalar field energy due to the backscattering off


  This note tackles the problem of the backscattering of a mass-less scalar
field in the case of Schwarzschildean space-time. It shows that the effect
depends both on a distance from the horizon and on the wave length. The
obtained estimates significantly improve former results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7158 </DOCNO>
Phase transition strengths from the density of partition function zeroes


  We report on a new method to extract thermodynamic properties from the
density of partition function zeroes on finite lattices. This allows direct
determination of the order and strength of phase transitions numerically.
Furthermore, it enables efficient distinguishing between first- and
second-order transitions, elucidates crossover between them and illuminates the
origins of finite-size scaling. The power of the method is illustrated in
typical applications for both Fisher and Lee-Yang zeroes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74513 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic properties of heavy mesons in heavy quark limit


  The electromagnetic (EM) form fators of the pseudoscalar and vector mesons
are calculated in the light-front framework. We extract these form factors from
the relevant matrix elements directly, instead of choosing the Breit frame. The
results show that the charge radius of the meson are related to both the first
and second longitudinal momentum square derivative of the momentum distribution
function. In addition, the static properties of the EM form factors and the
heavy quark symmetry of the charge radii are checked analytically when we take
the heavy quark limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74485 </DOCNO>
Implication of a light radion on the RG evolution of higgs self coupling


  In this paper we determine how the beta funtion of the higgs self coupling
\lambda at one loop order is modified by a light stabilized radion in the
Randall-Sundrum model. We then use the modified beta function to derive a lower
bound on the radion vev <\phi>, both for perturbative and non-perturbative
values of \lambda at the ultra violet cut off \Lambda. The lower bound on
<\phi> is obtained by demanding that the renormalized coupling \lambda (\mu) at
\mu =100 GeV be consistent with the present experimental bound of 110 GeV on
the higgs mass from LEP2 searches. We also show that if \lambda (\Lambda) is
sufficiently small then an upper bound on <\phi> can be determined by requiring
that \beta (\lambda)be positive over the relevant momentum range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40690 </DOCNO>
Recent Results on Particle Production from OPAL


  Three recent OPAL studies are presented in which the fragmentation process in
quark and gluon jets and in identified up, down and strange flavour jets is
studied. The first is a measurement of charged particle, pi0, eta and K0
multiplicities in quark and gluon jets. No evidence is found for a
particle-species dependent multiplicity enhancement in gluon jets. In another
study leading pion, kaon, K0, proton and lambda rates have been measured in up,
down and strange flavour jets. The results confirm the leading particle effect
in the fragmentation of light flavour jets. In addition, a direct determination
of the strangeness suppression factor has been performed, yielding
gamma_s=0.422 +/- 0.049(stat.) +/- 0.059(syst.). In a third study, mean charged
particle multiplicities were measured for up, down and strange flavoured Z0
decays and found to be identical within the uncertainties of the measurement,
as expected from the flavour independence of the strong interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125026 </DOCNO>
LBV Nebulae: The Mass Lost from the Most Massive Stars


  The most massive stars, with initial masses above ~50M_sun, encounter a phase
of extreme mass loss - sometimes accompanied by so-called giant eruptions - in
which the stars' evolution is reversed from a redward to a blueward motion in
the HRD. In this phase the stars are known as Luminous Blue Variable
(LBVs).Neither the reason for the onset of the strong mass loss nor the cause
for the giant eruptions is really understood, nor is their implications for the
evolution of these most massive stars. I will present a study of the LBV
nebulae which are formed in this phase as a consequence of the strong mass loss
and draw conclusions from the morphology and kinematics of these nebulae on
possible eruption mechanisms and stellar parameters of the LBV stars. The
analysis contains a large collection of LBV nebulae which form an evolutionary
sequence of LBV nebulae. A special concern will be the frequently observed
bipolar nature of the LBV nebulae which seems to be a general feature and
presents strong constraints on further models of the LBV phase and especially
on the formation mechanism of the nebulae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3195 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the Batch Minority Game with Inhomogeneous Decision Noise


  We study the dynamics of a version of the batch minority game, with random
external information and with different types of inhomogeneous decision noise
(additive and multiplicative), using generating functional techniques \`{a} la
De Dominicis. The control parameters in this model are the ratio $\alpha=p/N$
of the number $p$ of possible values for the external information over the
number $N$ of trading agents, and the statistical properties of the agents'
decision noise parameters. The presence of decision noise is found to have the
general effect of damping macroscopic oscillations, which explains why in
certain parameter regions it can effectively reduce the market volatility, as
observed in earlier studies. In the limit $N\to\infty$ we (i) solve the first
few time steps of the dynamics (for any $\alpha$), (ii) calculate the location
$\alpha_c$ of the phase transition (signaling the onset of anomalous response),
and (iii) solve the statics for $\alpha>\alpha_c$. We find that $\alpha_c$ is
not sensitive to additive decision noise, but we arrive at non-trivial phase
diagrams in the case of multiplicative noise. Our theoretical results find
excellent confirmation in numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86293 </DOCNO>
Relational Reality in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics


  Up to now it has been impossible to find a realistic interpretation for the
reduction process in relativistic quantum mechanics. The basic problem is the
dependence of the states on the frame within which collapse takes place. A
suitable use of the causal structure of the devices involved in the measurement
process allows us to introduce a covariant notion for the collapse of quantum
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72677 </DOCNO>
Higgs Radiation off Quarks in the Standard Model and supersymmetric


  Yukawa couplings between Higgs bosons and quarks in the Standard Model (SM)
and supersymmetric theories can be measured in the processes e+e- -> Q\bar{Q} +
Higgs. The cross sections and Higgs energy distributions of these processes in
the SM and minimal supersymmetric model have been determined including the
complete set of next-to-leading order QCD corrections for all channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3 </DOCNO>
Quantum Information Processing with Ferroelectrically Coupled Quantum


  I describe a proposal to construct a quantum information processor using
ferroelectrically coupled Ge/Si quantum dots. The spin of single electrons form
the fundamental qubits. Small (<10 nm diameter) Ge quantum dots are optically
excited to create spin polarized electrons in Si. The static polarization of an
epitaxial ferroelectric thin film confines electrons laterally in the
semiconductor; spin interactions between nearest neighbor electrons are
mediated by the nonlinear process of optical rectification. Single qubit
operations are achieved through "g-factor engineering" in the Ge/Si structures;
spin-spin interactions occur through Heisenberg exchange, controlled by
ferroelectric gates. A method for reading out the final state, while required
for quantum computing, is not described; electronic approaches involving single
electron transistors may prove fruitful in satisfying this requirement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98086 </DOCNO>
Generalized Coherent States Associated with the $C_{\lambda}$-Extended


  Two new types of coherent states associated with the $C_{\lambda}$-extended
oscillator, where $C_{\lambda}$ is the cyclic group of order $\lambda$, are
introduced. They satisfy a unity resolution relation in the
$C_{\lambda}$-extended oscillator Fock space (or in some subspace thereof) and
give rise to Bargmann representations of the latter, wherein the generators of
the $C_{\lambda}$-extended oscillator algebra are realized as
differential-operator-valued matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148904 </DOCNO>
On the vacuum in the Moyal quantization


  We study the features of the vacuum of the harmonic oscillator in the Moyal
quantization. The vacuums with and without using the normal ordering look
different. The vacuum without the normal ordering is shown to be expressed
using the Weyl ordering. The Weyl ordered vacuum is then compared with the
normal ordered vacuum, and the implication of the difference between them is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4862 </DOCNO>
Coulomb drag in the mesoscopic regime


  We present a theory for Coulomb drag between two mesoscopic systems which
expresses the drag in terms of scattering matrices and wave functions. The
formalism can be applied to both ballistic and disordered systems and the
consequences can be studied either by numerical simulations or analytic means
such as perturbation theory or random matrix theory. The physics of Coulomb
drag in the mesoscopic regime is very different from Coulomb drag between
extended electron systems. In the mesoscopic regime we in general find
fluctuations of the drag comparable to the mean value. Examples are the
vanishing average drag for chaotic 2D-systems and the dominating fluctuations
of drag between quasi-ballistic wires with almost ideal transmission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98572 </DOCNO>
Comments to Neutrosophy


  Any system based on axioms is incomplete because the axioms cannot be proven
from the system, just believed. But one system can be less-incomplete than
other. Neutrosophy is less-incomplete than many other systems because it
contains them. But this does not mean that it is finished, and it can always be
improved. The comments presented here are an attempt to make Neutrosophy even
less-incomplete. I argue that less-incomplete ideas are more useful, since we
cannot perceive truth or falsity or indeterminacy independently of a context,
and are therefore relative. Absolute being and relative being are defined. Also
the "silly theorem problem" is posed, and its partial solution described. The
issues arising from the incompleteness of our contexts are presented. We also
note the relativity and dependance of logic to a context. We propose
"metacontextuality" as a paradigm for containing as many contexts as we can, in
order to be less-incomplete and discuss some possible consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97085 </DOCNO>
Twisted Toroidal Lie Algebras


  Using $n$ finite order automorphisms on a simple complex Lie algebra we
construct twisted $n$-toroidal Lie algebras. Thus obtaining Lie algebras wich
have a rootspace decomposition. For the case $n=2$ we list certain simple Lie
algebras and their automorphisms, which produce twisted 2-toroidal algebras. In
this way we obtain Lie algebras that are related to all Extended Affine Root
Systems of K. Saito.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77120 </DOCNO>
Determination of $\tan\beta$ at a Future $e^+e^-$ Linear Collider


  It is widely stated that the ratio of neutral Higgs field vacuum expectation
values, $\tanb$, is one of the most difficult parameters to determine in either
the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) or a general type-II Two-Higgs
Doublet Model (2HDM). Assuming an energy and integrated luminosity of
$\rts=500\gev$ and $\call=2000\fbi$, we show that a very accurate determination
of $\tanb$ will often be possible using Higgs production rates and/or Higgs
decays. Based on a TESLA simulation, and assuming no other light Higgs bosons
and $100\leq m_A \leq 200\gev$, we find that the rate for the process $\epem\to
b\anti b A \to b\anti b b\anti b$ provides an excellent determination of
$\tanb$ at high $\tanb$. In the MSSM Higgs sector, the rate for $\epem\to
b\anti b A+ b\anti b H \to b\anti b b\anti b$ ($\epem\to HA \to b\anti b b\anti
b$) provides a good determination of $\tanb$ at high (low) $\tanb$,
respectively, at moderate $m_A$ values. We also show that direct measurement of
the average total width of the $H$ and $A$ in $\epem\to HA \to b\anti b b\anti
b$ events provides an excellent determination of $\tanb$ at large $\tanb$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6941 </DOCNO>
Stability of antiferromagnetism at high magnetic fields in Mn3Si


  We report low temperature measurements of the specific heat, resistivity and
magnetisation of the itinerant antiferromagnet Mn3Si. The unprecedented
stability of the magnetic state to high magnetic field up to 14 T inferred from
the invariance of these bulk properties is incompatible with itinerant
magnetism expected of a conventional Fermi liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6412 </DOCNO>
Complex-q zeros of the partition function of the Potts model with


  The zeros of the partition function of the ferromagnetic q-state Potts model
with long-range interactions in the complex-q plane are studied in the
mean-field case, while preliminary numerical results are reported for the
finite 1d chains with power-law decaying interactions. In both cases, at any
fixed temperature, the zeros lie on the arc-shaped contours, which cross the
positive real axis at the value for which the given temperature is transition
temperature. For finite number of particles the positive real axis is free of
zeros, which approach to it in the thermodynamic limit. The convergence
exponent of the zero closest to the positive real-q axis is found to have the
same value as the temperature critical exponent 1/\nu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114285 </DOCNO>
The Advanced Light Source Accelerator Control System at Ten Years from


  The Advanced Light Source was commissioned 10 years ago using the newly
constructed control system. Further experience with the control system was
reported in 1993. In this publication, we report on recent experience with the
operation and especially growth of the computer control system and expansion to
accommodate the new superconducting bend magnets and fast orbit feedback for
the ALS electron storage ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125168 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX measurements of the bright gamma-ray burst 010222


  We analyze the BeppoSAX measurements of the prompt and afterglow emission of
the gamma-ray burst GRB010222. Among 45 GRBs detected with the Wide Field
Cameras on BeppoSAX, the 40-700 keV fluence of (9.3+/-0.3)E-5 erg cm-2 is only
surpassed by GRB990123. In terms of the isotropic 20-2000 keV energy output of
7.8E53 erg, it ranks third of all GRBs with measured distances. Since this
burst is so bright, the data provide complete and valuable coverage up to 65 hr
after the event, except for a gap between 3.5 and 8.0 hr. The 2-10 keV flux
history shows clear signs of a break which is consistent with a break seen in
the optical, and provides supporting evidence for the achromatic nature of the
break. An explanation for the break in the context of a collimated expansion is
not straightforward. Rather, a model is favored whereby the fireball is braked
to the non-relativistic regime quickly (within a fraction of day) by a dense
1E6 cm-3 circumburst medium. This implies that, after a mild beaming
correction, GRB010222 may be the most energetic burst observed thus far. The
X-ray decay index after the break is 1.33+/-0.04, the spectral index
0.97+/-0.05. The decay is, with unprecedented accuracy, identical to that
observed in the optical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5828 </DOCNO>
Random manifolds in non-linear resistor networks: Applications to


  We show that current localization in polycrystalline varistors occurs on
paths which are, usually, in the universality class of the directed polymer in
a random medium. We also show that in ceramic superconductors, voltage
localizes on a surface which maps to an Ising domain wall. The emergence of
these manifolds is explained and their structure is illustrated using direct
solution of non-linear resistor networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 493 </DOCNO>
Theoretical study of the chlorine adsorption on the Ag(111) surface


  We study the adsorption of chlorine on the Ag(111) surface with full
potential gradient corrected density functional calculations. When considering
a root3 x root3 R30degree pattern, we find that the fcc hollow is the most
favorable adsorption site. We obtain an Ag-Cl bond length of 2.62 Angstrom
which is intermediate between two controversial experimental results. We
discuss the differences of core level energies and densities of states for the
different adsorption sites. We find the Cl-Ag interaction to be more consistent
with an ionic, rather than covalent, picture of the bonding. In addition, we
compute energetics and related properties of Ag bulk and the clean Ag surface
comparing the local density approximation and the generalized gradient
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1854 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Theory of Superfluidity and Superconductivity


  Quantum condensation is used here as the basis for a phenomenological theory
of superfluidity and superconductivity. It leads to remarkably good
calculations of the transition temperatures T c of superfluid 3 He and 4 He, as
well as a large number of cuprate, heavy fermion, organic, dichalcogenide, and
bismuth oxide super- conductors. Although this approach may apply least to the
long coherence length metallics, reasonably good estimates are made for them,
and chevral superconductors. T c for atomic H is estimated. T c can be
calculated as a function of number density or density of states, and effective
mass of normal carriers; or alternatively with the Fermi energy as the only
input parameter. Predictions are made for a total of 26 superconductors and 4
superfluids. An estimate is also made for coherence lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2754 </DOCNO>
Reply to a Comment on ``Nonequilibrium Electron Distribution in Presence


  Claims by Kroha and Zawadowski in cond-mat/0105026 on inadequate
approximations and an incorrect statement in cond-mat/0102150 are shown to be
based on oversimplified estimates and a false quotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73331 </DOCNO>
Neutrino kinetics in a magnetized dense plasma


  The relativistic kinetic equations (RKE) for lepton plasma in the presence of
a strong external magnetic field are derived in Vlasov approximation. The new
RKE for the electron spin distribution function includes the weak interaction
with neutrinos originated by the axial vector current ($\sim c_A$) and provided
by the parity nonconservation. In a polarized electron gas Bloch equation
describing the evolution of the magnetization density perturbation is derived
from the electron spin RKE being modified in the presence of neutrino fluxes.
Such modified hydrodynamical equation allows to obtain the new dispersion
equation in a magnetized plasma from which the neutrino driven instability of
spin waves can be found. It is shown that this instability is more efficient
e.g. in a magnetized supernova than the analogous one for Langmuir waves
enhanced in an isotropic plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2895 </DOCNO>
Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation


  The viscoplastic deformation (creep) of crystalline materials under constant
stress involves the motion of a large number of interacting dislocations.
Analytical methods and sophisticated `dislocation-dynamics' simulations have
proved very effective in the study of dislocation patterning, and have led to
macroscopic constitutive laws of plastic deformation. Yet, a statistical
analysis of the dynamics of an assembly of interacting dislocations has not
hitherto been performed. Here we report acoustic emission measurements on
stressed ice single crystals, the results of which indicate that dislocations
move in a scale-free intermittent fashion. This result is confirmed by
numerical simulations of a model of interacting dislocations that successfully
reproduces the main features of the experiment. We find that dislocations
generate a slowly evolving configuration landscape which coexists with rapid
collective rearrangements. These rearrangements involve a comparatively small
fraction of the dislocations and lead to an intermittent behavior of the net
plastic response. This basic dynamical picture appears to be a generic feature
in the deformation of many other materials. Moreover, it should provide a
framework for discussing fundamental aspects of plasticity, that goes beyond
standard mean-field approaches that see plastic deformation as a smooth laminar
flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113565 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanical Description of Fluid Dynamics


  In this paper, we deal with fluid motion in terms of quantum mechanics.
Mechanism accounting for the appearance of quantum behavior is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1656 </DOCNO>
Dephasing due to the interaction with chaotic degrees of freedom


  We consider the motion of a particle, taking into account its interaction
with environmental degrees of freedom. The dephasing time is determined by the
nature of the environment, and depends on the particle velocity. Our interest
is in the case where the environment consists of few chaotic degrees of
freedom. We obtain results for the dephasing time, and compare them with those
of the effective-bath approach. The latter approach is based on the conjecture
that the environment can be modelled as a collection of infinitely many
harmonic oscillators. The work is related to studies of driven systems, quantum
irreversibility, and fidelity. The specific model that we consider requires the
solution of the problem of a particle-in-a-box with moving wall, whose 1D
version is related to the Fermi acceleration problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168954 </DOCNO>
A polynomial-time solution to the parity problem on an NMR quantum


  An efficient quantum algorithm is proposed to solve in polynomial time the
parity problem, one of the hardest problems both in conventional quantum
computation and in classical computation, on NMR quantum computers. It is based
on the quantum parallelism principle in a quantum ensemble, the selective
decoherence manipulation, and the NMR phase-sensitive measurement. The quantum
circuit for the quantum algorithm is designed explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148599 </DOCNO>
On the (im)possibility of a supersymmetric extension of NGT


  We investigate the possibility of constructing a locally supersymmetric
extension of NGT (Nonsymmetric Gravitation Theory), based on the graded
extension of the Poincare group. In the framework of the simple model that we
propose, we end up with a no-go result, namely the impossibility of cancelling
some linear contribution in the gravitino field. This drawback seems to
seriously undermine the construction of a supergravity based on NGT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169496 </DOCNO>
Generalized Hartree Method: A Novel Non-perturbative Scheme for


  A self-consistent, non-perturbative scheme of approximation is proposed for
arbitrary interacting quantum systems by generalization of the Hartree
method.The scheme consists in approximating the original interaction term
$\lambda H_I$ by a suitable 'potential' $\lambda V(\phi)$ which satisfies the
following two requirements: (i) the 'Hartree Hamiltonian' $H_o$ generated by
$V(\phi)$ is exactly solvable i.e, the eigen states $|n>$ and the eigenvalues
$E_n$ are known and (ii) the 'quantum averages' of the two are equal, i.e. $<
n|H_I|n>$ = $<n|V(\phi)|n>$ for arbitrary $'n '$. The leading-order results for
$|n>$ and $E_n$, which are already accurate, can be systematically improved
further by the development of a 'Hartree-improved perturbation theory' (HIPT)
with $H_o$ as the unperturbed part and the modified interaction:$\lambda
H^{\prime} \equiv \lambda (H_I-V)$ as the perturbation. The HIPT is assured of
rapid convergence because of the 'Hartree condtion' : $<n| H'| n> = 0$. This is
in contrast to the naive perturbation theory developed with the original
interaction term $\lambda H_I$ chosen as the perturbation, which diverges even
for infinitesimal $\lambda$ ! The structure of the Hartree vacuum is shown to
be highly non-trivial. Application of the method to the anharmonic-and
double-well quartic-oscillators, anharmonic- sextic and octic- oscillators
leads to very accurate results for the energy levels. In case of $\lambda
\phi^{4}$ quantum field theory, the method reproduces, in the leading order,
the results of Gaussian approximation, which can be improved further by the
HIPT. We study the vacuum structure, renormalisation and stability of the
theory in GHA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113759 </DOCNO>
Violation of the gauge equivalence


  F. V. Gubarev et al. (``On the significance of the vector potential
squared'', Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2220) have argued that the vector potential
itself may have physical meaning, in defiance of the gauge equivalence
principle. Earlier R. I. Khrapko proposed a gauge noninvariant electrodynamics
spin tensor (``Spin density of electromagnetic waves''). The standard
electrodynamics spin tensor is zero.
  Here we point out that the Biot-Savarat formula uniquely results in a
preferred, "true" vector potential field which is generated from a given
magnetic field. A similar integral formula uniquely permits to find a "true"
scalar potential field generated from a given electric field even in the case
of a nonpotential electric field.
  A conception of differential forms is used. We say that an exterior
derivative of a form is the boundary of this form and the integration of a form
by the Biot-Savarat-type formula results in a new form named the generation.
Generating from a generation yields zero. The boundary of a boundary is zero. A
boundary is closed. A generation is sterile. A conjugation is considered. The
conjugation converts closed forms to sterile forms and back. It permits to
construct chains of forms. The conjunction differs from the Hodge star
operation: the conjugation does not imply the dualization. A circularly
polarized wave is considered in view of the electrodynamics spin tensor
problem.
  A new anthropic principle is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126944 </DOCNO>
X-Ray spectra from protons illuminating a neutron star


  We consider the interaction of a slowly rotating unmagnetized neutron star
with a hot (ion supported, ADAF) accretion flow. The virialized protons of the
ADAF penetrate into the neutron star atmosphere, heating a surface layer.
Detailed calculations are presented of the equilibrium between heating by the
protons, electron thermal conduction, bremsstrahlung and multiple Compton
scattering in this layer. Its temperature is of the order 40-70 keV. Its
optical depth increases with the incident proton energy flux, and is of the
order unity for accretion at $10^{-2}$--$10^{-1}$ of the Eddington rate. At
these rates, the X-ray spectrum produced by the layer has a hard tail extending
to 100 keV, and is similar to the observed spectra of accreting neutron stars
in their hard states. The steep gradient at the base of the heated layer gives
rise to an excess of photons at the soft end of the spectrum (compared to a
blackbody) through an `inverse photosphere effect'. The differences with
respect to previous studies of similar problems are discussed, they are due
mostly to a more accurate treatment of the proton penetration process and the
vertical structure of the heated layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5923 </DOCNO>
Eigenstates of a Small Josephson Junction Coupled to a Resonant Cavity


  We carry out a quantum-mechanical analysis of a small Josephson junction
coupled to a single-mode resonant cavity. We find that the eigenstates of the
combined junction-cavity system are strongly entangled only when the gate
voltage applied at one of the superconducting islands is tuned to certain
special values. One such value corresponds to the resonant absorption of a
single photon by Cooper pairs in the junction. Another special value
corresponds to a {\em two-photon} absorption process. Near the single-photon
resonant absorption, the system is accurately described by a simplified model
in which only the lowest two levels of the Josephson junction are retained in
the Hamiltonian matrix. We noticed that this approximation does not work very
well as the number of photons in the resonator increases. Our system shows also
the phenomenon of ``collapse and revival'' under suitable initial conditions,
and our full numerical solution agrees with the two level approximation result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3316 </DOCNO>
Electron localization in one dimension obtained from combined exact


  Exact ground-state properties are presented by combining the diagonalization
in the Fock space (and taking all hopping integrals and all two-site
interactions) with the ab initio optimization of the Wannier functions.
Electrons are essentially localized for the interatomic distance R~2A for
s-like states, when the quasiparticle mass is divergent. The momentum
distribution dispersion is proposed to define the localization order parameter.
Dimerization and zero-point energies are also discussed. The method provides
convergent results for N>=8 atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72706 </DOCNO>
QCD on a transverse lattice


  We present results from a transverse lattice study of low lying mesons.
Special emphasis is put on the issue of Lorentz invariant energy-momentum
dispersion relations for these mesons. The light-cone wave function for the
$\pi$ obtained in this framework is very close to its asymptotic shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 494 </DOCNO>
Stripe Ansatzs from Exactly Solved Models


  Using the Boltzmann weights of classical Statistical Mechanics vertex models
we define a new class of Tensor Product Ansatzs for 2D quantum lattice systems,
characterized by a strong anisotropy, which gives rise to stripe like
structures. In the case of the six vertex model we compute exactly, in the
thermodynamic limit, the norm of the ansatz and other observables. Employing
this ansatz we study the phase diagram of a Hamiltonian given by the sum of XXZ
Hamiltonians along the legs coupled by an Ising term. Finally, we suggest a
connection between the six and eight-vertex Anisotropic Tensor Product Ansatzs,
and their associated Hamiltonians, with the smectic stripe phases recently
discussed in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96301 </DOCNO>
Spectral densities describing off-white noises


  For the white noise, the spectral density is constant, and the past
(restriction to (-\infty,0)) is independent from the future (restriction to
(0,+\infty)). If the spectral density is not too far from being constant, then
dependence between the past and the future can be eliminated by an equivalent
measure change; that is called an off-white noise. I derive from well-known
results a necessary and sufficient condition for a spectral density to describe
an off-white noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129524 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet HST Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts at Low


  We present ultraviolet images of 27 3CR radio galaxies with redshifts z<0.1
that have been imaged with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on
board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The observations employed the NUV-MAMA
and broad-band filters with peak sensitivity at 2200A . We find that the UV
luminosities show approximately a factor of 10 to 100 higher dispersion than
the optical. We compare the UV morphologies with optical V- and R-band WFPC2
snapshot survey images. We have found dramatic, complex and extended
ultraviolet emission from radio galaxies even at zero redshift. We find a
diverse range of UV morphologies, some completely divergent from their visual
morphology, which are reminiscent of the chaotic high-z radio galaxies
structures seen in rest-frame UV. The UV morphologies show regions of star
formation, jets, and possible scattered AGN continuum. The UV emission is
generally not aligned with the radio structure. We also detect the diffuse UV
emission of the host galaxy. We propose that these are the same physical
phenomena as observed at high redshift, but on a smaller spatial scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168859 </DOCNO>
Franson-type experiment realizes two-qubit quantum logic gate


  Quantum computers promise great improvements in solving problems such as
factoring large integers, simulating quantum systems, and database searching.
Using a photon as a quantum bit (qubit) is one of the most promising ways to
realize a universal quantum computer because the coherent superposition state
of a photon is very robust against various sources of decoherence. However, it
is too difficult to realize two-qubit (photon) gates because it requires huge
nonlinearity between photons. Here we show the realization of a controlled-NOT
(CNOT) gate, the most important and elemental two-qubit gate for quantum
computation, by extending our previous research. The heart of our experiment is
the conditional measurement of two-photon coincidences in the Franson-type
experiment[7]. The photon counting measurement plays the same role as the
nonlinearity required for the two-qubit gate, and our system reproduces the
truth table of the CNOT gate. Furthermore, we create an entangled state from
the superposition state by our gate, which is clear evidence that our gate
works as a quantum logic gate. Our results make it possible to manipulate the
quantum state of photons including entanglement and represent significant
progress in the operation of various algorithms in quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76869 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Gluon Recombination in Deep Inelastic Scattering


  The pomeron structure function is extracted from the latest H1 data and are
subject to a QCD analysis. The result shows evidence for gluon recombination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6565 </DOCNO>
1/f Noise in Coulomb Glasses


  We show that 1/f noise is produced in a 3D Coulomb glass by charge
fluctuations due to electrons hopping between isolated sites and a percolating
network at low temperatures. Coulomb interactions are included through the
Coulomb gap in the density of states. The low frequency noise spectrum goes as
$\omega^{-\alpha}$ with $\alpha$ slightly larger than 1. This result together
with the temperature dependence of $\alpha$ and the noise amplitude are in good
agreement with the experiments of Massey and Lee.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179437 </DOCNO>
Charmonium absorption cross section by nucleon


  The $J/\psi$ absorption cross section by nucleon is studied using a gauged
SU(4) hadronic Lagrangian but with empirical particle masses, which has been
used previously to study the $J/\psi$ absorption cross section by pion and rho
meson. Including both two-body and three-body final states, we find that with a
cutoff parameter of 1 GeV at interaction vertices involving charm hadrons, the
$J/\psi-N$ absorption is at most 5 mb and is consistent with that extracted
from $J/\psi$ production from both photo-nuclear and proton-nucleus reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7221 </DOCNO>
The partition function of an interacting many body system: beyond the


  Based on the path integral representation of the partition function of a many
body system with separable two body interaction we propose a systematic
extension of the perturbed static path approximation (PSPA) to lower
temperatures. Thereby, special attention must be paid to instabilities of the
classical mean field solution in functional space that cause divergencies
within the conventional PSPA. As a result we develop an approximation
applicable from high to very low temperatures. These findings are tested
against exact results for the archetypical cases of a particle moving in a one
dimensional double well and the exactly solvable Lipkin model. In particular,
we obtain a very good approximation to the level density of the Lipkin model
even at low thermal excitations. Our results may have potential applications in
low temperature nuclear physics and mesoscopic systems, e.g. for gap
fluctuations in nanoscale superconducting devices previously studied within a
PSPA type of approximation.
  PACS: 5.30.-d, 24.60.-k, 21.10.Ma, 74.25.Bt

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5009 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and dephasing in spin-based solid state quantum computers


  We discuss the operational definition of decoherence in various solid state
systems. In particular, we review, in the context of spin-based solid state
quantum computation, the introduction of $T_1$ and $T_2$ to describe
decoherence in a two level system. We provide a perspective on recent
experiments involving the manipulation of spin coherence in semiconductors, and
discuss specific decoherence and dephasing issues in electron spin-based
quantum dot quantum computer architectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123936 </DOCNO>
A Rapid X-ray Flare in the Radio-loud Narrow Line Quasar PKS 0558-504


  We report the detection of a very short time scale flare in the radio-loud
narrow line quasars PKS 0558-504 by using ASCA. The X-ray count rates increased
and decreased by a factor of two in 33 minutes, and possibly by 40% in as short
as two minutes during this flare, confirming that such flare event does occur
in this object with imaging detectors. The implied largest rate of change in
luminosity in 0.8-10 keV alone, dL/dt=(1.8+/-0.4) 10^{42} ergs s^-2, is several
times higher than the limit sets for the isotropic emitting plasma around a
Kerr black hole. Either emission from a relativistic boosting jet or a magnetic
heated corona may explain such high radiative efficiency. Magnetic field with a
strength of at least a few 10^4 Gauss is required in the latter case. The
spectrum during this flare is significant harder than the average one. Three
radio loud narrow line active galactic nuclei (AGN) possess considerably
smaller black holes than in radio loud AGN in bright quasar survey, indicating
they are still in a phase of the rapid growth of the black hole by accretion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73094 </DOCNO>
Multi-Boson Effects in Bose-Einstein Interferometry


  Multi-boson symmetrization effects on two-particle Bose-Einstein
interferometry are studied for ensembles with arbitrary multiplicity
distributions. In the general case one finds interesting residual correlations
which require a modified framework for extracting information on the source
geometry from two-particle correlation measurements. In sources with high
phase-space densities, multi-boson effects modify the Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT)
radius parameters and simultaneously generate strong residual correlations. We
clarify their effect on the correlation strength (intercept parameter) and thus
explain a variety of previously reported puzzling multi-boson symmetrization
phenomena. For event ensembles of (approximately) fixed multiplicity, the
residual correlations lead to a minimum in the correlation function at non-zero
relative momentum, which can be practically exploited to search, in a
model-independent way, for multi-boson symmetrization effects in high-energy
heavy-ion experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167947 </DOCNO>
Implementation of the Five Qubit Error Correction Benchmark


  The smallest quantum code that can correct all one-qubit errors is based on
five qubits. We experimentally implemented the encoding, decoding and
error-correction quantum networks using nuclear magnetic resonance on a five
spin subsystem of labeled crotonic acid. The ability to correct each error was
verified by tomography of the process. The use of error-correction for
benchmarking quantum networks is discussed, and we infer that the fidelity
achieved in our experiment is sufficient for preserving entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123591 </DOCNO>
Particle Spectra Of Ultra-Relativistic Shock Waves


  Numerical Monte Carlo simulations of the diffusive shock acceleration in the
test particle limit are investigated. We simulate high relativistic flow
astrophysical plasmas for upstream $\gamma$ $\sim5$ and up to $\gamma$
$\sim1000$. These gamma values are relevant to the diffusive shock acceleration
models of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). The
spectral shape for the above high relativistic processes will be calculated.
This work presents distinctive spectral shapes with plateau-like
characteristics due to the relativistic effects and the spectral indexes are
found to be as flat as the flow becomes relativistic; the latter is in a very
good agreement with previous theoretical and numerical works concerning
relativistic plasma flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6120 </DOCNO>
Peltier ac calorimeter


  A new ac calorimeter, utilizing the Peltier effect of a thermocouple junction
as an ac power source, is described. This Peltier ac calorimeter allows to
measure the absolute value of heat capacity of small solid samples with
sub-milligrams of mass. The calorimeter can also be used as a dynamic one with
a dynamic range of several decades at low frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5627 </DOCNO>
On the problem of initial conditions in cosmological N-body simulations


  Cosmological N-body simulations aim to calculate the non-linear gravitational
growth of structures via particle dynamics.
  A crucial problem concerns the setting-up of the initial particle
distribution, as standard theories of galaxy formation predict the properties
of the initial continuous density field with small amplitude correlated
Gaussian fluctuations. The discretisation of such a field is a complex issue
and particle fluctuations are especially relevant at small scales where
non-linear dynamics firstly takes place. In general, most of the procedures
which may discretise a continuous field, gives rise to Poisson noise, which
would then dominate the non-linear small-scales dynamics due to
nearest-neighbours interactions. In order to avoid such a noise, and to
consider the dynamics as due only to large scale (smooth) fluctuations, an
ad-hoc method (lattice or glassy system plus correlated displacements) has been
introduced and used in cosmological simulations. We show that such a method
gives rise to a particle distribution which does not have any of the
correlation properties of the theoretical continuous density field. This is
because discreteness effects, different from Poisson noise but nevertheless
very important, determine particle fluctuations at any scale, making it
completely different from the original continuous field. We conclude that
discreteness effects play a central role in the non-linear evolution of N-body
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169341 </DOCNO>
Optical Holonomic Quantum Computation


  Holonomic quantum computation (HQC) is materialized here with quantum optics
components. Holonomies are the generalization of the Berry phases to unitary
matrices with dimensionality the same as the degree of degeneracy of the
system. In a nonlinear Kerr medium the degenerate states of laser beams are
interpreted as qubits. Control manipulations with displacers, squeezers and
two-mode interfering devices performed in a cyclic, adiabatic fashion produce
holonomies. Here, they are employed as logical gates for our HQC proposal. The
effects of errors from imperfect control of classical parameters, the looping
variation of which builds up holonomic gates, are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72686 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Parity Violation in QCD At Finite Temperature: On the


  The generalization of the Vafa-Witten theorem ruling out parity violation to
QCD at finite temperature is considered. It is shown that this generalization
of the theorem rules out Lorentz-invariant parity violating operators from
spontaneously acquiring vacuum expectation values. However, it does not rule
out Lorentz-noninvariant parity-violating operators from acquiring expectation
values. Other situations where the theorem is inapplicable are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74634 </DOCNO>
Resumming the color-octet contribution to radiative Upsilon decay


  At the upper endpoint of the photon energy spectrum in Upsilon -> X gamma,
the standard NRQCD power counting breaks down and the OPE gives rise to
color-octet structure functions. Furthermore, in this kinematic regime large
Sudakov logarithms appear in the octet Wilson coefficients. The endpoint
spectrum can be treated consistently within the framework of a recently
developed effective field theory of collinear and soft particles. Here we show
that within this approach the octet structure functions arise naturally and
that Sudakov logarithms can be summed using the renormalization group
equations. We derive an expression for the resummed energy spectrum and, using
a model lightcone structure function, investigate the phenomenological
importance of the resummation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126630 </DOCNO>
Synchrotron Self-Comptonized Emission of Low Energy Cosmic Ray Electrons


  Most of the Universe's populations of low energy cosmic ray electrons in the
energy range of 1-100 MeV still manage to elude from detection by our
instruments, since their synchrotron emission is at too low frequencies. We
investigate a mechanism which can lead to observable emission of such electron
populations: synchrotron-self Comptonization (SSC). The inverse Compton (IC)
scattering can shift an otherwise unobservable low-frequency 10 kHz-10 MHz
photons into observable radio, infrared (IR) or even more energetic wave-bands.
The resulting emission should be polarized. We also consider IC scattering of
the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the cosmic radio background (CRB).
Electron spectral aging due to synchrotron, IC and adiabatic losses or gains
influences the resulting spectrum. The predicted radiation spectrum is a strong
function of the history of the source, of the low energy spectrum of
relativistic electrons, and of redshift. It has typically two maxima, and a
decrement in between at CMB frequencies. Detection will give a sensitive probe
of the environment of radio galaxies. We demonstrate that the fossil remnants
of powerful radio galaxies are promising detection candidates, especially when
they are embedded in a dense intra-cluster medium (ICM). GHz peaked sources
(GPS) have very low SSC luminosities, which may, however, extend into the X-ray
or even the gamma ray regime. Clusters of galaxies with relativistic electron
populations may be another detectable sources. Fossil radio plasma released by
our own Galaxy could be revealed by its large angular scale SSC flux. We
discuss the expected detectability of these sources with new and upcoming
instruments as LOFAR, GMRT, EVLA, ATA, ALMA, PLANCK, and HERSCHEL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1615 </DOCNO>
Vitrification in a 2D Ising model with mobile bonds


  A bond-disordered two-dimensional Ising model is used to simulate Kauzmann's
mechanism of vitrification in liquids, by a Glauber Monte Carlo simulation. The
rearrangement of configurations is achieved by allowing impurity bonds to hop
to nearest neighbors at the same rate as the spins flip. For slow cooling, the
theoretical minimum energy configuration is approached, characterized by an
amorphous distribution of locally optimally arranged impurity bonds. Rapid
cooling to low temperatures regularly finds bond configurations of higher
energy, which are both a priori rare and severely restrictive to spin movement,
providing a simple realization of kinetic vitrification. A supercooled liquid
regime is also found, and characterized by a change in sign of the field
derivative of the spin-glass susceptibility at a finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75100 </DOCNO>
Chaos and Preheating


  We show evidence for a relationship between chaos and parametric resonance
both in a classical system and in the semiclassical process of particle
creation. We apply our considerations in a toy model for preheating after
inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85752 </DOCNO>
Group Invariant Solutions in Mathematical Physics and Differential


  This is a brief overview of our work on the theory of group invariant
solutions to differential equations. The motivations and applications of this
work stem from problems in differential geometry and relativistic field theory.
The key feature in our theory is that we allow for non-transverse symmetry
group actions, which are very common in applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97762 </DOCNO>
Partial-sum analogues of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities


  A new type of polynomial analogue of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities is
proven. Here the product-side of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities is replaced by
a partial theta sum and the sum-side by a weighted sum over Schur polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74960 </DOCNO>
Mesonic Tensor Form Factors with Light Front Quark Model


  We study the tensor form factors for $P \to P$ and $P \to V$ transitions in
the light-front quark model with $P$ and $V$ being pseudoscalar and vector
mesons, respectively. We explore the behaviors of these form factors in the
entire physical range of $0\leq p^2\leq (M_i - M_f)^2$. At the maximum recoil
of $p^2=0$, we compare our results of the form factors in $B\to \pi,K,\rho,K^*$
with various other calculations in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1269 </DOCNO>
Do hard spheres have natural boundaries?


  I use recent advances in the study of the susceptibility of the Ising model
to propose a new mechanism for the freezing transition which is observed in
three dimensional hard spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149394 </DOCNO>
The derivative expansion of the exact renormalization group


  We formulate a method of performing non-perturbative calculations in quantum
field theory, based upon a derivative expansion of the exact renormalization
group. We then proceed to apply this method to the calculation of critical
exponents for three dimensional O(N) symmetric theory. Finally we discuss how
the approximation scheme manages to reproduce some exactly known solutions in
critical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86361 </DOCNO>
On linearized gravity in the Randall-Sundrum scenario


  In the literature about the Randall-Sundrum scenario one finds on one hand
that there exist (small) corrections to Newton's law of gravity on the brane,
and on another that the exact (and henceforth linearized) Einstein equations
can be recovered on the brane. The explanation for these seemingly
contradictory results is that the behaviour of the bulk far from the brane is
different in both models. We show that explicitely in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127865 </DOCNO>
Early type stars at high galactic latitudes I. Ten young massive B-type


  We present the results of quantitative spectral analyses of ten apparently
normal B-type stars. These stars were found to be young massive B-type stars at
distances of z=2.6 to 7.6 kpc from the galactic plane based on their positions
in the (Teff, log g) diagram, normal abundance patterns and/or large projected
rotational velocities. We discuss formation scenarios (runaway star scenarios
versus a scenario for star formation in the halo) by comparing times-of-flight
and evolutionary time scales. For all stars (except SB 357 and HS 1914+7139)
both the scales are similar, indicating that the stars could have formed in the
galactic disk and been ejected from there soon aftertheir birth. Derived
ejection velocities range from 130 km/s to 440 km/s and may be used to
constrain models for ejection mechanisms. Using new proper motion measurements
we show that PHL 346, which was considered the most likely candidate for a
young B-type star born in the halo, can be explained as a runaway star from the
galactic plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99056 </DOCNO>
Meeting Descartes and Klein Somewhere in a Noncommutative Space


  We combine the coordinate method and Erlangen program in the framework of
noncommutative geometry through an investigation of symmetries of
noncommutative coordinate algebras. As the model we use the coherent states
construction and the wavelet transform in functional spaces. New examples are a
three dimensional spectrum of a non-normal matrix and a quantisation procedure
from symplectomorphisms. Keywords: Heisenberg group, special linear group,
symplectic group, Hardy space, Segal-Bargmann space, Clifford algebra,
Cauchy-Riemann-Dirac operator, M\"obius transformations, functional calculus,
Weyl calculus (quantization), quantum mechanics, Schr\"odinger representation,
metaplectic representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149409 </DOCNO>
Derivative Expansions of the Exact Renormalisation Group and SU(N|N)


  We investigate the convergence of the derivative expansion of the exact
renormalisation group, by using it to compute the beta function of scalar
theory. We demonstrate that the derivative expansion of the Polchinski flow
equation converges at one loop for certain fast falling smooth cutoffs. The
derivative expansion of the Legendre flow equation trivially converges at one
loop, but also at two loops: slowly with sharp cutoff (as a momentum-scale
expansion), and rapidly in the case of a smooth exponential cutoff. We also
show that the two loop contributions to certain higher derivative operators
(not involved in beta) have divergent momentum-scale expansions for sharp
cutoff, but the smooth exponential cutoff gives convergent derivative
expansions for all such operators with any number of derivatives. In the latter
part of the thesis, we address the problems of applying the exact
renormalisation group to gauge theories. A regularisation scheme utilising
higher covariant derivatives and the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the gauge
supergroup SU(N|N) is introduced and it is demonstrated to be finite to all
orders of perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72614 </DOCNO>
Lepton-Flavor Violation with Non-universal Soft Terms


  We study the lepton-flavor violation processes tau ->mu gamma and mu->e gamma
in two different examples of models with non-universal soft breaking terms
derived from strings. We show that the predictions are quite different from
those of universal scenarios. Non-universal A-terms provide an interesting
framework to enhance the supersymmetric contributions to CP violation effects.
We observe that in the case of the lepton-flavor violation we study, the
non-universality of the scalar masses enhances the branching ratios more
significantly than the non-universality of the A-terms. We find that the
current experimental bounds on these processes restrict both the parameter
space of the models and the texture of the Yukawa couplings which predicts the
lepton masses, providing at the same time an interesting experimental test for
physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125908 </DOCNO>
Analysis of two quintessence models with SN Ia data


  The supernovae Ia data are used to analyze two general exact solutions for
quintessence models. The best fit values for $\Omega_{m0}$ are smaller than in
the $\Lambda $-term model, but still acceptable. With present-day data, it is
not possible to discriminate among the various situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179616 </DOCNO>
Relativistic quantum transport theory for heavy-ion collisions


  Relativistic quantum transport equations for the particle distribution
functions are derived based on an effective Lagrangian of baryons interacting
through mesons. The closed time-path Green's function technique and the
semiclassical, quasiparticle, and Born approximations are employed in the
derivation. Both the mean field and collision term are derived from the same
Lagrangian and presented analytically. We obtain a set of coupled equations for
the $N$, $\Delta$, $N^{*}(1440)$ and $\pi$ distribution functions which
describes the hadronic matter consistently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83705 </DOCNO>
location.location.location: Internet Addresses as Evolving Property


  I describe recent developments in the rules governing registration and
ownership of Internet and World Wide Web addresses or "domain names." I propose
that elements of domain names are more similar to real estate than to
trademarks and, therefore, it would be economically efficient to grant domain
name owners stronger rights than those of mere trademarks holders

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4420 </DOCNO>
Nature of the Electronic Excitations near the Brillouin Zone Boundary of


  Based on angle resolved photoemission spectra measured on different systems
at different dopings, momenta and photon energies, we show that the anomalously
large spectral linewidth in the $(\pi,0)$ region of optimal doped and
underdoped Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ has significant contributions
from the bilayer splitting, and that the scattering rate in this region is
considerably smaller than previously estimated. This new picture of the
electronic excitation near $(\pi,0)$ puts additional experimental constraints
on various microscopic theories and data analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 921 </DOCNO>
Spin polarization and magneto-luminescence of confined electron-hole


  A BCS-like variational wave-function, which is exact in the infinite field
limit, is used to study the interplay among Zeeman energies, lateral
confinement and particle correlations induced by the Coulomb interactions in
strongly pumped neutral quantum dots. Band mixing effects are partially
incorporated by means of field-dependent masses and g-factors. The spin
polarization and the magneto-luminescence are computed as functions of the
number of electron-hole pairs present in the dot and the applied magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168530 </DOCNO>
On Koopman-von Neumann Waves


  In this paper we study the classical Hilbert space introduced by Koopman and
von Neumann in their operatorial formulation of classical mechanics. In
particular we show that the states of this Hilbert space do not spread,
differently than what happens in quantum mechanics. The role of the phases
associated to these classical "wave functions" is analyzed in details. In this
framework we also perform the analog of the two-slit experiment and compare it
with the quantum case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127525 </DOCNO>
Photoionization Models of NGC 346


  We present spherically symmetric and plane parallel photoionization models of
NGC 346, an HII region in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The models are based on
CLOUDY and on the observations of Peimbert, Peimbert, & Ruiz (2000). We find
that approximately 45% of the H ionization photons escape from the HII region
providing an important ionizing source for the low density interstellar medium
of the SMC. The predicted I(4363)/I(5007) value is smaller than that observed,
probably implying that there is an additional source of energy not taken into
account by the models. From the ionization structure of the best model and the
observed line intensities we determine the abundances of N, Ne, S, Ar, and Fe
relative to O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114131 </DOCNO>
A Possibility of Gravity Control in Luminescent Materials


  It was demonstrated (gr-qc/9910036) that the gravitational and inertial
masses are correlated by an adimensional factor, which depends on the incident
(or emitted)radiation upon the particle. There is a direct correlation between
the radiation absorbed(or radiated) by the particle and its gravitational mass,
independently of the inertial mass. Only in the absence of electromagnetic
radiation the mentioned factor becomes equal to one. On the other hand, in
specific electromagnetic conditions, it can be reduced, nullified or made
negative. This means that there is the possibility of the gravitational masses
can be reduced, nullified or made negative by means of electromagnetic
radiation. This unexpected theoretical result was confirmed by an experiment
using Extra-Low Frequency(ELF) radiation on ferromagnetic material
(gr-qc/0005107). Recently another experiment using UV light on phosphorescent
plastic have confirmed the phenomenon. We present a complete explanation for
the alterations of the gravitational field in luminescent materials. This work
indicates that the alterations of the gravitational field can be sufficiently
strong to invert the gravity on luminescent materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85853 </DOCNO>
Canonical quantization of two-dimensional gravity


  A canonical quantization of two-dimensional gravity minimally coupled to real
scalar and spinor Majorana fields is presented. The physical state space of the
theory is completely described and calculations are also made of the average
value of the metric tensor relative to states close to the ground state

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148808 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Funnels: Non-abelian Brane Intersections


  We discuss dual formulations of D-brane intersections. The duality is between
world volume field theories of different dimensionalities which both describe
the same D-brane configuration but are valid in complementary regions of
parameter space. We discuss the duality in terms of bion configurations
involving D-strings orthogonally intersecting both D3-branes and D5-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4985 </DOCNO>
Evidence of Collective Charge Behavior in the Insulating State of


  Nonlinear I-V characteristics have been observed in insulating
quench-condensed films which are locally superconducting. We suggest an
interpretation in terms of the enhancement of conduction by the depinning of a
Cooper pair charge density wave, Cooper pair crystal, or Cooper pair glass that
may characterize the insulating regime of locally superconducting films. We
propose that this is a more likely description than the Coulomb blockade or
charge-anticharge unbinding phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1912 </DOCNO>
Polynomial Observables in the Graph Partitioning Problem


  Although NP-Complete problems are the most difficult decisional problems, it
is possible to discover in them polynomial (or easy) observables. We study the
Graph Partitioning Problem showing that it is possible to recognize in it two
correlated polynomial observables. The particular behaviour of one of them with
respect to the connectivity of the graph suggests the presence of a phase
transition in partitionability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41454 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Superbeam Scenarios at the Peak


  We discuss options for U.S. long baseline neutrino experiments using upgraded
conventional neutrino beams, assuming $L/E_\nu$ is chosen to be near the peak
of the leading oscillation. We find that for L = 1290 km (FNAL-Homestake) or
1770 km (FNAL-Carlsbad, or BNL-Soudan) it is possible to simultaneously have
good $\sin^22\theta_{13}$ reach and sgn($\delta m^2_{31}$) determination, and
possibly sizeable $\tau$ rates and some $\delta$ sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5166 </DOCNO>
Charge Screening at First Order Phase Transitions


  Possibility of structured mixed phases at first order phase transitions is
examined with taking into account of charge screening and surface effects.
Hadron-quark phase transition in dense neutron star interior is considered, as
concrete example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168342 </DOCNO>
Multi-directional higher-order amplitude squeezing


  Fan-even K-quantum nonlinear coherent states are introduced and higher-order
amplitude squeezing is investigated in such states. It is shown that for a
given K the lowest order in which an amplitude component can be squeezed is 2K
and the squeezing appears simultaneously in K directions separated successively
in phase by \pi/K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179659 </DOCNO>
Effect of continuum couplings in fusion of halo $^{11}$Be on $^{208}$Pb


  The effect of continuum couplings in the fusion of the halo nucleus $^{11}$Be
on $^{208}$Pb around the Coulomb barrier is studied using a three-body model
within a coupled discretised continuum channels (CDCC) formalism. We
investigate in particular the role of continuum-continuum couplings. These are
found to hinder total, complete and incomplete fusion processes. Couplings to
the projectile $1p_{1/2}$ bound excited state redistribute the complete and
incomplete fusion cross sections, but the total fusion cross section remains
nearly constant. Results show that continuum-continuum couplings enhance the
irreversibility of breakup and reduce the flux that penetrates the Coulomb
barrier. Converged total fusion cross sections agree with the experimental ones
for energies around the Coulomb barrier, but underestimate those for energies
well above the Coulomb barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113767 </DOCNO>
Damping of plasma-electron oscillations and waves in low-collision


  Previously developed method for finding asymptotic solutions of Vlasov
equations using two-dimensional (in coordinate x and time t) Laplace transform
is applied to low-collision electron-ion plasmas. Taking into account Coulomb
collisions in the limit m_e << m_i, \bar{v_i} << \bar{v_e}, and T_e m_e << T_i
m_i, results in the expression for longitudinal high-frequency plasma-electron
oscillation/wave decrement essentially depending on oscillation frequency
\omega. This expression is quite different from the used one for low-frequency
plasma sound, which can be derived using expansion in asymptotically divergent
series in \delta/\omega_0, k v_i/\omega_0, where \delta is imaginary part of
the frequency \omega=\omega_0+i\delta, and does not reduce to simple expression
with some collision frequency \delta\sim\nu^{eff}_{e_i}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 390 </DOCNO>
Fullerene-based molecular nanobridges: A first-principles study


  Building upon traditional quantum chemistry calculations, we have implemented
an {\em ab-initio} method to study the electrical transport in nanocontacts. We
illustrate our technique calculating the conductance of C$_{60}$ molecules
connected in various ways to Al electrodes characterized at the atomic level.
Central to a correct estimate of the electrical current is a precise knowledge
of the local charge transfer between molecule and metal which, in turn,
guarantees the correct positioning of the Fermi level with respect to the
molecular orbitals. Contrary to our expectations, ballistic transport seems to
occur in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97623 </DOCNO>
Decorated tangles and canonical bases


  We study the combinatorics of fully commutative elements in Coxeter groups of
type $H_n$ for any $n > 2$. Using the results, we construct certain canonical
bases (i.e., IC bases) for non-simply-laced generalized Temperley--Lieb
algebras and show how to relate them to morphisms in the category of decorated
tangles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73326 </DOCNO>
Generalized dipole polarizabilities and the spatial structure of hadrons


  We present a phenomenological discussion of spin-independent, generalized
dipole polarizabilities of hadrons entering the virtual Compton scattering
process gamma* h -> gamma h. We introduce a new method of obtaining a tensor
basis with appropriate Lorentz-invariant amplitudes which are free from
kinematical singularities and constraints. We then motivate a gauge-invariant
separation into a generalized Born term containing ground-state properties
only, and a residual contribution describing the model-dependent internal
structure. The generalized dipole polarizabilities are defined in terms of
Lorentz-invariant residual amplitudes. Particular emphasis is laid on a
physical interpretation of these quantities as characterizing the spatial
distributions of the induced electric polarization and magnetization of
hadrons. It is argued that three dipole polarizabilities, namely the
longitudinal electric alpha_L(q^2), the transverse electric alpha_T(q^2), and
the magnetic beta(q^2) ones are required in order to fully reconstruct local
polarizations induced by soft external fields in a hadron. One of these
polarizabilities, alpha_T(q^2), describes an effect of higher order in the soft
final-photon momentum q'. We argue that the associated spatial distributions
obtained via the Fourier transforms in the Breit frame are meaningful even for
such a light particle as the pion. The spatial distributions are determined at
large distances r ~ 1/m_pi for pions, kaons, and octet baryons by use of ChPT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3037 </DOCNO>
Kondo tunneling tgrough a biased quantum dot


  Electron tunneling through a system formed by two coupled quantum dots in a
parallel geometry is considered within a generalized Anderson model. The dots
are assumed to have nearly equal radii but different (and tunable) gate
voltages. In the absence of tunneling to and from the leads, the isolated
two-dot system (with two electrons in it) resembles an hydrogen molecule within
the Heitler London approximation. In particular, it has a singlet ground state
and low lying excited triplet state. When tunneling is switched on, and when
the gate voltages are properly tuned the ground state becomes a triplet and
singlet and triplet states are intermixed. In the region where charge
fluctuations are suppressed, the pertinent antiferromagnectic exchange
interaction has the form $(J^{T} {\bf S} +J^{ST} {\bf P}) \cdot {\bf s}$. It is
written in terms of the electron spin ${\bf s}$, the double dot spin 1 operator
${\bf S}$ and an additional vector operator ${\bf P}$. The operators ${\bf S}$
and ${\bf P}$ generate the algebra $o_{4}$ of a spin rotator. The related Kondo
effect is similar to that of a vertical quantum dot, discussed and analyzed
recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126411 </DOCNO>
Dwarf Galaxies and Star Clusters in Tidal Tails


  We summarize the properties of tidal dwarf candidates in a sample of
interacting galaxies and classify objects in tidal tails depending on their
morphological appearance. New high-resolution dynamical models are needed to
understand how the different structures seen in tidal tails are formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97222 </DOCNO>
Random Construction of Riemann Surfaces


  In this paper, we address the following question: What does a typical compact
Riemann surface of large genus look like geometrically? We do so by
constructing compact Riemann surfaces from oriented 3-regular graphs. The set
for such Riemann surfaces is dense in the space of all compact Riemann
surfaces, namely Belyi surfaces. And in this construction we can control the
geometry of the compact Riemann surface by the geometry of the graph. We show
that almost all such surfaces have large first eigenvalue and large Cheeger
constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129258 </DOCNO>
Annealing of Silicate Dust by Nebular Shocks at 10 AU


  Silicate dust grains in the interstellar medium are known to be mostly
amorphous, yet crystalline silicate grains have been observed in many
long-period comets and in protoplanetary disks. Annealing of amorphous silicate
grains into crystalline grains requires temperatures > 1000 K, but exposure of
dust grains in comets to such high temperatures is incompatible with the
generally low temperatures experienced by comets. This has led to the proposal
of models in which dust grains were thermally processed near the protoSun, then
underwent considerable radial transport until they reached the gas giant planet
region where the long-period comets originated. We hypothesize instead that
silicate dust grains were annealed in situ, by shock waves triggered by
gravitational instabilities. We assume a shock speed of 5 km/s, a plausible
value for shocks driven by gravitational instabilities. We calculate the peak
temperatures of micron and submicron amorphous pyroxene grains of chondritic
composition under conditions typical in protoplanetary disks at 5 - 10 AU. Our
results also apply to chondritic amorphous olivine grains. We show that {\it in
situ} thermal annealing of submicron and micron-sized silicate dust grains can
occur, obviating the need for large-scale radial transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150194 </DOCNO>
Polyakov conjecture and 2+1 dimensional gravity


  After briefly reviewing the hamiltonian approach to 2+1 dimensional gravity
in absence of matter on closed universes, we consider 2+1 dimensional gravity
coupled to point particles in an open universe. We show that the hamiltonian
structure of the theory is the result of a conjecture put forward by Polyakov
in a different context. A proof is given of such a conjecture. Finally we give
the exact quantization of the two particle problem in open space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5147 </DOCNO>
Renormalization group treatment of the scaling properties of finite


  The finite size behavior of the susceptibility, Binder cumulant and some even
moments of the magnetization of a fully finite O(n) cubic system of size L are
analyzed and the corresponding scaling functions are derived within a
field-theoretic $\epsilon$-expansion scheme under periodic boundary conditions.
We suppose a van der Waals type long-range interaction falling apart with the
distance r as $r^{-(d+\sigma)}$, where $2<\sigma<4$, which does not change the
short-range critical exponents of the system. Despite that the system belongs
to the short-range universality class it is shown that above the bulk critical
temperature $T_c$ the finite-size corrections decay in a power-in-L, and not in
an exponential-in-L law, which is normally believed to be a characteristic
feature for such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5681 </DOCNO>
Fragility of Thermodynamically-Abnormal Ground States of Finite Systems


  We study a general macroscopic quantum system of a finite size, which will
exhibit a symmetry breaking if the system size goes to infinity, when the
system interacts with an environment. We evaluate the decoherence rates of the
anomalously fluctuating vacuum (AFV), which is the symmetric ground state, and
the pure phase vacua (PPVs). By making full use of the locality and huge
degrees of freedom, we show that there can exist an interaction with an
environment which makes the decoherence rate of the AFV anomalously fast,
whereas PPVs are less fragile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75024 </DOCNO>
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of Ge76, Se82, Mo100 and Xe136 to excited


  The neutrinoless double beta decay transition to the first excited 0^+
collective final state is examined for A=76, 82, 100 and 136 nuclei by assuming
light and heavy Majorana neutrino exchange mechanisms as well as the trilinear
R-parity violating contributions. Realistic calculations of nuclear matrix
elements have been performed within the renormalized quasiparticle random phase
approximation. Transitions to the first excited two-quadrupole phonon 0^+ state
are described within a boson expansion formalism and alternatively by using the
operator recoupling method. We present the sensitivity parameters to different
lepton number violating signals, which can be used in planning the neutrinoless
double beta decay experiments. The half-life of neutrinoless double beta decay
to the first excited state 0^+_1 is by a factor of 10 to 100 larger than that
of the transition to the ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179656 </DOCNO>
Dispersive spherical optical model of neutron scattering from Al27 up to


  A spherical optical model potential (OMP) containing a dispersive term is
used to fit the available experimental database of angular distribution and
total cross section data for n + Al27 covering the energy range 0.1- 250 MeV
using relativistic kinematics and a relativistic extension of the Schroedinger
equation. A dispersive OMP with parameters that show a smooth energy dependence
and energy independent geometry are determined from fits to the entire data
set. A very good overall agreement between experimental data and predictions is
achieved up to 150 MeV. Inclusion of nonlocality effects in the absorptive
volume potential allows to achieve an excellent agreement up to 250 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76068 </DOCNO>
The Reach of the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC for Gaugino Mediated


  In supersymmetric models with gaugino mediated SUSY breaking (inoMSB), it is
assumed that SUSY breaking on a hidden brane is communicated to the visible
brane via gauge superfields which propagate in the bulk. This leads to GUT
models where the common gaugino mass $m_{1/2}$ is the only soft SUSY breaking
term to receive contributions at tree level. To obtain a viable phenomenology,
it is assumed that the gaugino mass is induced at some scale $M_c$ beyond the
GUT scale, and that additional renormalization group running takes place
between $M_c$ and $M_{GUT}$ as in a SUSY GUT. We assume an SU(5) SUSY GUT above
the GUT scale, and compute the SUSY particle spectrum expected in models with
inoMSB. We use the Monte Carlo program ISAJET to simulate signals within the
inoMSB model, and compute the SUSY reach including cuts and triggers approriate
to Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC experiments. We find no reach for SUSY by the
Tevatron collider in the trilepton channel. %either with or without %identified
tau leptons. At the CERN LHC, values of $m_{1/2}=1000$ (1160) GeV can be probed
with 10 (100) fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, corresponding to a reach in
terms of $m_{\tg}$ of 2150 (2500) GeV. The inoMSB model and mSUGRA can likely
only be differentiated at a linear $e^+e^-$ collider with sufficient energy to
produce sleptons and charginos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7115 </DOCNO>
A study of Peierls instabilities for a two-dimensional t-t' model


  In this paper we study Peierls instabilities for a half-filled
two-dimensional tight-binding model with nearest-neighbour hopping $t$ and next
nearest-neighbour hopping $t'$ at zero and finite temperatures. Two
dimerization patterns corresponding to the same phonon vector $(\pi, \pi)$ are
considered to be realizations of Peierls states. The effect of imperfect
nesting introduced by $t'$ on the Peierls instability, the properties of the
dimerized ground state, as well as the competition between two dimerized states
for each $t'$ and temperature $T$, are investigated. It is found: (i). The
Peierls instability will be frustrated by $t'$ for each of the dimerized
states. The Peierls transition itself, as well as its suppression by $t'$, may
be of second- or first-order. (ii). When the two dimerized states are
considered jointly, one of them will dominate the other depending on parameters
$t'$ and $T$. Two successive Peierls transitions, that is, the system passing
from the uniform state to one dimerized state and then to the other take place
with decrease of temperature for some $t'$ values. Implications of our results
to real materials are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123813 </DOCNO>
Chandra detection of the intracluster medium around 3C294 at z=1.786


  We present a Chandra observation of the powerful radio galaxy 3C294 showing
clear evidence for a surrounding intracluster medium. At a redshift of 1.786
this is the most distant cluster of galaxies yet detected in X-rays. The radio
core is detected as a point source, which has a spectrum consistent with a
heavily-absorbed power law implying an intrinsic 2-10 keV luminosity of ~10^45
erg/s. A small excess of emission is associated with the southern radio
hotspots. The soft, diffuse emission from the intracluster medium is centred on
the radio source. It has an hour-glass shape in the N-S direction, extending to
radii of at least 100 kpc, well beyond the radio source. The X-ray spectrum of
this extended component is fit by a thermal model with temperature ~5 keV, or
by gas cooling from above 7 keV at rates of ~400-700 Msolar/yr. The rest-frame
0.3-10 keV luminosity of the cluster is ~4.5x10^44 erg/s. The existence of such
a cluster is consistent with a low density universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98150 </DOCNO>
Irregular fibers of complex polynomials in two variables


  For a complex polynomial in two variables we study the morphism induced in
homology by the embedding of an irregular fiber in a regular neighborhood of
it. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for this morphism to be
injective, surjective. Particularly this morphism is an isomorphism if and only
if the corresponding irregular value is regular at infinity. We apply these
results to the study of vanishing and invariant cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168846 </DOCNO>
Restoration of Entanglement by Spectral Filters


  We experimentally demonstrate that entanglement of bi-photon polarization
state can be restored by spectral filters. This restoration procedure can be
viewed as a new class of quantum eraser, which retrieves entanglement rather
than just interference by manipulating an ancillary degree of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98846 </DOCNO>
Quadratic first integrals of geodesic equations of the special type


  In this note we find a 6-dimensional h-spaces of the
$[(21...1)(21...1)...(1...1)]$ type and then determine quadratic first
integrals of the geodesic equations of these h-spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86682 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric quantum solution for FRW cosmological model with matter


  Using technique of supersymmetric quantum mechanics we present new
cosmological quantum solution, in the regime for FRW cosmological model using a
barotropic perfect fluid as matter field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95510 </DOCNO>
Pseudo perturbative expansion method; the non-polynomial, cutoff -


  We propose a new analytical method to solve for nonexactly soluble
Schrodinger equation via expansions through some existing quantum numbers.
Successfully, it is applied to the rational non-polynomial oscillator
potential. Moreover, a conclusion reached by Scherrer et al. [2], via matrix
continued fractions method, that the shifted large N expansion method leads to
dubious accuracies is investigated. The cutoff - Coulomb and Coulomb plus
logarithmic potentials are also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127267 </DOCNO>
The bright optical companion to the eclipsing millisecond pulsar in NGC


  We report the possible optical identification of the companion to the
eclipsing millisecond pulsar PSR J1740-5340 in the globular cluster NGC 6397. A
bright variable star with an anomalous red colour and optical variability which
nicely correlates to the orbital period of the pulsar has been found close to
the pulsar position. If confirmed, the optical light curve, reminiscent of
tidal distorsions similar to those observed in detached and contact binaries,
support the idea that this is the first case of a Roche lobe filling companion
to a millisecond pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 723 </DOCNO>
Comment on "First order amorphous-amorphous transformation in silica"


  In a recent letter (Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4629 (2000)), Lacks presents
evidence of a first order amorphous-amorphous transition in silica at T=0. He
calculates the free energy along a path of compression and successive
decompression of a sample of 108 SiO2 units. The free energy of the two
branches cross each other, and this is interpreted as evidence of a first order
transition. We show that this conclusion does not follow from the shown data,
since qualitatively the same phenomenology is obtained in a model where a first
order transition does not exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1543 </DOCNO>
Zero modes of fermions with general mass matrix


  We analyze zero energy solutions of the Dirac equation in the background of a
string-like configuration in an extension of the standard model which
accommodates the most general fermionic mass matrix for neutrinos. If either
the left- or the right-handed Majorana mass vanishes, neutrino and electron
zero modes are found to exist. If the harmonic mean of the neutrino Majorana
masses is large compared to the Dirac mass, we can prove that normalizable
neutrino zero modes cease to exist. This leads to an odd number of fermionic
zero modes -- namely, only the electron zero mode -- which we argue implies
that the bosonic background is in a topologically distinct sector from the
vacuum. This is confirmed by noting that the bosonic sector of the model
involves the breaking of a global U(1) symmetry and hence possesses topological
global U(1) strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83683 </DOCNO>
Computational properties of environment-based disambiguation


  The standard pipeline approach to semantic processing, in which sentences are
morphologically and syntactically resolved to a single tree before they are
interpreted, is a poor fit for applications such as natural language
interfaces. This is because the environment information, in the form of the
objects and events in the application's run-time environment, cannot be used to
inform parsing decisions unless the input sentence is semantically analyzed,
but this does not occur until after parsing in the single-tree semantic
architecture. This paper describes the computational properties of an
alternative architecture, in which semantic analysis is performed on all
possible interpretations during parsing, in polynomial time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74560 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium suppression as a probe of a saturated gluon plasma ?


  A dense parton system is expected to be formed in the early stage of
relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies and above. The probability
of a quark gluon plasma production and the resulting strength of its signatures
depends strongly on the initial conditions associated to the distributions of
partons in the nuclear wave functions. At very high energies, the growth of
parton distributions should saturate, possibly forming a Color Glass
Condensate, which is characterized by a bulk momentum scale $Q_s$. As a direct
consequence, the possible signatures of the QGP should be $Q_s$-dependent if
the saturation scenario is valid for RHIC and LHC. In this Letter we assume the
saturation scenario for the QGP formation and estimate the saturation scale
dependence of quarkonium suppression. We conclude that, if this scenario is
valid, the $\Upsilon$ suppression only occurs at large values of $Q_s$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76009 </DOCNO>
Limits on the Mass of a Composite Higgs Boson: an Update


  We discuss the bound on the mass of the Higgs boson arising from precision
electroweak measurements in the context of the triviality of the scalar Higgs
model. We show that, including possible effects from the underlying nontrivial
dynamics, a Higgs boson mass of up to 500 GeV is consistent with current data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86542 </DOCNO>
Inflationary Cosmologies in an Anisotropic Brane World


  A new cosmological solution of the gravitational field equations in the
generalized Randall-Sundrum model for an anisotropic brane with Bianchi I
geometry and with perfect fluid as matter sources is presented. The matter is
described by a scalar field. The solution admits inflationary era and at a
later epoch the anisotropy of the universe washes out. We obtain two classes of
cosmological scenario, in the first case universe evolves from singularity and
in the second case universe expands without singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174625 </DOCNO>
Mass spectra measurement in the reaction (p,2p) at protons energy 500


  Mass spectra of the reaction (p,2p) at the beam energy 500 MeV on nuclei
C,Al,Cu and Pb were measured on two-armed nonmagnetic scintillation
spectrometer (candlepower - 0.2 sr, mass allowance - 4 MeV), which is lokated
on the TRIUMF cyclotron (Canada). Observable anomalies in these spectra can be
stipulated by forming of two-nucleon resonance states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96078 </DOCNO>
On Algebraic Hyperbolicity of Log Surfaces


  We call a log variety (X, D) algebraically hyperbolic if there exists a
positive number e such that 2g(C) - 2 + i(C, D) >= e deg(C) for all curves C on
X, where i(C, D) is the number of the intersections between D and the
normalization of C. Among other things, we proved that (P^2, D) is
algebraically hyperbolic for a very general curve D of degree at least 5. More
specifically, we showed that 2g(C) - 2 + i(C, D) >= (deg(D) - 4) deg C for all
curves C on P^2. For example, fix a very general quintic curve D and then for
any map f: C = P^1 --> P^2, there are at least deg(f) + 2 distinct points on C
that map to points on D by f.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74497 </DOCNO>
Single chargino production with R-parity lepton number violation in


  We examine the process $\gamma \gamma \to \tilde{\chi}^{+} \tau^{-}$ at
photon-photon collider in the minimal supersymmetric standard model(MSSM) with
R-parity violation, where all the one-loop diagrams are considered. We mainly
discuss the effects of bilinear breaking terms, and conclude that their
contributions may be important compared with trilinear terms. Our results show
that the events of this process could be detectable at photon-photon colliders,
if the values of the parameters are favorable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149923 </DOCNO>
Gravitational field around a screwed superconducting cosmic string in


  We obtain the solution that corresponds to a screwed superconducting cosmic
string (SSCS) in the framework of a general scalar-tensor theory including
torsion. We investigate the metric of the SSCS in Brans-Dicke theory with
torsion and analyze the case without torsion. We show that in the case with
torsion the space-time background presents other properties different from that
in which torsion is absent. When the spin vanish, this torsion is a
$\phi$-gradient and then it propagates outside of the string. We investigate
the effect of torsion on the gravitational force and on the geodesics of a
test-particle moving around the SSCS. The accretion of matter by wakes
formation when a SSCS moves with speed $v $ is investigated. We compare our
results with those obtained for cosmic strings in the framework of
scalar-tensor theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148137 </DOCNO>
Liouville field theory on a pseudosphere


  Liouville field theory is considered with boundary conditions corresponding
to a quantization of the classical Lobachevskiy plane (i.e. euclidean version
of $AdS_2$). We solve the bootstrap equations for the out-vacuum wave function
and find an infinite set of solutions. This solutions are in one to one
correspondence with the degenerate representations of the Virasoro algebra.
Consistency of these solutions is verified by both boundary and modular
bootstrap techniques. Perturbative calculations lead to the conclusion that
only the ``basic'' solution corresponding to the identity operator provides a
``natural'' quantization of the Lobachevskiy plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74161 </DOCNO>
New CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillations


  Measurements of CP--violating observables in neutrino oscillation experiments
have been studied in the literature as a way to determine the CP--violating
phase in the mixing matrix for leptons. Here we show that such observables also
probe new neutrino interactions in the production or detection processes.
Genuine CP violation and fake CP violation due to matter effects are sensitive
to the imaginary and real parts of new couplings. The dependence of the CP
asymmetry on source--detector distance is different from the standard one and,
in particular, enhanced at short distances. We estimate that future neutrino
factories will be able to probe in this way new interactions that are up to
four orders of magnitude weaker than the weak interactions. We discuss the
possible implications for models of new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7578 </DOCNO>
On the growth of bounded trees


  Bounded infinite graphs are defined on the basis of natural physical
requirements. When specialized to trees this definition leads to a natural
conjecture that the average connectivity dimension of bounded trees cannot
exceed two. We verify that this bound is saturated by a class of random trees,
in which case we derive also explicit expressions for the growth probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75452 </DOCNO>
A possible origin of the Casimir scaling of the nonperturbative force


  The Casimir scaling phenomena of the nonperturbative force is viewed in terms
of the hadronic flux tube as described by the dual Ginzburg-Landau (DGL)
theory, the dual superconducting scenario of confinement. The ratios of the
string tension of flux tube between higher and fundamental SU(3)
representations, $d_{D} \equiv \sigma_{D}/\sigma_{D={\bf 3}}$, are
systematically studied in a Weyl symmetric formulation of the DGL theory as a
function of the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) parameter, $\kappa \equiv m_{\chi}/m_{B}$,
the mass ratio between monopoles $m_{\chi}$ and dual gauge bosons $m_{B}$.
While the ratios $d_{D}$ satisfy a simple flux counting rule in the case of
Bogomol'nyi limit ($\kappa=1$), systematic deviation from this appears as
increasing $\kappa$, which can be understood as a result of self interaction
between fundamental flux inside a higher dimensional flux tube. In spite of the
Abelian nature of the DGL theory, the ratio of string tension is not only far
from the Abelian scaling, but even consistent with the Casimir scaling. This
result suggests that not only the group theoretical factor but also dynamical
mechanism, such as the flux-tube formation can become a possible origin of the
"Casimir scaling" phenomena suggested by lattice QCD simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1376 </DOCNO>
General framework for a portfolio theory with non-Gaussian risks and


  Using a family of modified Weibull distributions, encompassing both
sub-exponentials and super-exponentials, to parameterize the marginal
distributions of asset returns and their natural multivariate generalizations,
we give exact formulas for the tails and for the moments and cumulants of the
distribution of returns of a portfolio make of arbitrary compositions of these
assets. Using combinatorial and hypergeometric functions, we are in particular
able to extend previous results to the case where the exponents of the Weibull
distributions are different from asset to asset and in the presence of
dependence between assets. We treat in details the problem of risk minimization
using two different measures of risks (cumulants and value-at-risk) for a
portfolio made of two assets and compare the theoretical predictions with
direct empirical data. While good agreement is found, the remaining discrepancy
between theory and data stems from the deviations from the Weibull
parameterization for small returns. Our extended formulas enable us to
determine analytically the conditions under which it is possible to ``have your
cake and eat it too'', i.e., to construct a portfolio with both larger return
and smaller ``large risks''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76771 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics of galactic dark matter


  We consider simple hydrodynamical models of galactic dark matter in which the
galactic halo is a self-gravitating and self-interacting gas that dominates the
dynamics of the galaxy. Modeling this halo as a sphericaly symmetric and static
perfect fluid satisfying the field equations of General Relativity, visible
barionic matter can be treated as ``test particles'' in the geometry of this
field. We show that the assumption of an empirical ``universal rotation curve''
that fits a wide variety of galaxies is compatible, under suitable
approximations, with state variables characteristic of a non-relativistic
Maxwell-Boltzmann gas that becomes an isothermal sphere in the Newtonian limit.
Consistency criteria of the model leads to a minimal bound for particle masses
in the range 30-60 eV, while a constraint between the central teperature and
the particles mass suggests acceptable mass values on the range between 0.5 and
100 keV, a figure that coincides with current mass estimates of
self-interactive CDM and WDM structure formation theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 316 </DOCNO>
Cubic boron nitride: an experimental and theoretical ELNES study


  A comparison between experimental and theoretical electron Energy Loss Near
Edge Structure (ELNES) of B and N K-edges in cubic boron nitride is presented.
The electron energy loss spectra of cubic boron nitride particles were measured
using a scanning transmission electron microscope. The theoretical calculation
of the ELNES was performed within the framework of density functional theory
including single particle core-hole effects. It is found that experimental and
calculated ELNES of both the B and N K-edges in cubic boron nitride show
excellent agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125857 </DOCNO>
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - VI. Measuring Lambda and Beta from


  When the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ) is complete, a powerful geometric test
for the cosmological constant will be available. By comparing the clustering
along and across the line of sight and modelling the effects of peculiar
velocities and bulk motions in redshift space, geometric distortions, which
occur if the wrong cosmology is assumed, can be detected.
  In this paper we investigate the effect of geometric and redshift-space
distortions in the power spectrum parallel and perpendicular to the observer's
line of sight. Ballinger et al. developed a model to estimate the cosmological
constant, $\Lambda$, and the important parameter $\beta \approx
\Omega_m^{0.6}/b$ from these distortions. We apply this model to a detailed
simulation of the final 25k 2QZ, produced using the Virgo Consortium's huge
{\it Hubble Volume} N-body $\Lambda$-CDM light cone simulation. We confirm the
conclusions of Ballinger et al.; the shape of the redshift-space and geometric
distortions are very similar. When all the uncertainties are taken into account
we find that only a joint $\Lambda - \beta$ constraint is possible.
  By combining this result with a second constraint based on mass clustering
evolution, however, we can make significant progress. We predict that this
method should allow us to constrain $\beta$ to approximately $\pm0.1$, and
$\Omega_{m}$ to $\pm0.25$ using the final catalogue. We apply the method to the
2QZ catalogue of 10000 QSOs and find that this incomplete catalogue marginally
favours a $\Lambda$ cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129614 </DOCNO>
SETHI@Berkeley- A Piggyback 21-cm Sky Survey at Arecibo


  SETI@home observes a 2.5 MHz bandwidth centered on 1420 MHz near the 21-cm
line using a short line feed at Arecibo which provides a 6' beam. This feed
sits on Carriage House 1. During normal astronomical observations with the new
Gregorian dome the feed scans across the sky at twice the sidereal rate. We are
using the SETI@home receiver to obtain about 4.4x10^6 HI spectra per year with
integration time of 5 seconds per spectrum. We have accumulated 2.6 years of
data covering most of the sky observable from Arecibo. This survey has much
better angular resolution than previous single dish surveys and better
sensitivity than existing or planned interferometric surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167971 </DOCNO>
What the liar paradox can reveal about the quantum logical structure of


  In human consciousness perceptions are distinct or atomistic events despite
being perceived by an apparently undivided inner observer. This paper applies
both classical (Boolean) and quantum logic to analysis of the Liar paradox
which is taken as a typical example of a self-referential negation in the
perception space of an undivided observer. The conception of self-referential
paradoxes is a unique ability of the human mind still lacking an explanation on
the basis of logic. It will be shown that both classical and quantum logics
fail to resolve the paradox because of the particle-like (atomistic) nature of
physical events in the moments of perception. I suggest a physical mechanism
that can deal with our experience of self-referential paradox. Because it is
also shown that this cannot be achieved by any previously suggested classical
or quantum mechanical operation, the newly proposed mechanism provides a better
model than others for an important aspect of the structure of our minds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75399 </DOCNO>
Towards the String representation of the dual Abelian Higgs model beyond


  We perform a path-integral analysis of the string representation of the dual
Abelian Higgs (DAH) model beyond the London limit, where the string describing
the vortex of a flux tube has a finite thickness. We show that besides an
additional vortex core contribution to the string tension, a modified Yukawa
interaction appears as a boundary contribution in the type-II dual
superconducting vacuum. In the London limit, the modified Yukawa interaction is
reduced to the Yukawa one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86116 </DOCNO>
Comparing metrics at large: harmonic vs quo-harmonic coordinates


  To compare two space-times on large domains, and in particular the global
structure of their manifolds, requires using identical frames of reference and
associated coordinate conditions. In this paper we use and compare two classes
of time-like congruences and corresponding adapted coordinates: the harmonic
and quo-harmonic classes. Besides the intrinsic definition and some of their
intrinsic properties and differences we consider with some detail their
differences at the level of the linearized approximation of the field
equations. The hard part of this paper is an explicit and general determination
of the harmonic and quo-harmonic coordinates adapted to the stationary
character of three well-know metrics, Schwarzschild's, Curzon's and Kerr's, to
order five of their asymptotic expansions. It also contains some relevant
remarks on such problems as defining the multipoles of vacuum solutions or
matching interior and exterior solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174758 </DOCNO>
Study of Multiparticle Azimuthal Correlations in Central CNe, MgMg, CCu


  Azimuthal correlations between protons and between pions have been
investigated in central CNe, MgMg, CCu and OPb collisions at energy of 3.7
GeV/nucleon. "Back-to-back" (negative) correlations have been observed for
protons in CNe, CCu and for pi^{-}-mesons in CNe and MgMg collisions. For
pi^{-}-mesons "side-by-side" (positive) azimuthal correlations have been
observed for heavy systems of CCu and OPb. The Quark Gluon String Model
satisfactorily describes the experimental results both for protons and
pi^{-}-mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125788 </DOCNO>
The V-EUV Delay for Dwarf Nova Outbursts: A Case Study for VW Hydri, U


  We present a parameter study using time dependent calculations of the thermal
limit cycle model for dwarf nova outbursts.
 Our goal is to delineate the dependence of the delay between the initial rapid
rise of the visual and EUV fluxes during the start of an outburst on model
parameters, concentrating on three bright, nearby systems for which complete
optical and EUV observations exist - VW Hyi, U Gem, and SS Cyg. For these
systems we infer that the outburst must be triggered at ~0.7-0.8 of the outer
disk radius to produce delays which are in accord with observations. We also
see a stagnation or period of slow warming (first noted by Mineshige) during
the early stages of thermal instability, but find it does not influence the
V-EUV delay since it precedes the rapid rise in V at the start of the outburst.
We find that if one decreases the surface density in the inner disk, interior
to the instigation radius, the V-EUV delay can be lengthened by as much as a
factor of two. In addition, we find there to be a weak relation between the
V-EUV delay and the value of the alpha viscosity parameter in quiescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95680 </DOCNO>
Global well-posedness for KdV in Sobolev Spaces of negative index


  The initial value problem for the Korteweg-deVries equation on the line is
shown to be globally well-posed for rough data. In particular, we show global
well-posedness for initial data in H^s({\mathbb{R}), -3/10<s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 119 </DOCNO>
Glassy behaviour in a 3-state spin model


  In this article we study a simple spin model which has a non-interacting
Hamiltonian but constrained dynamics. The model, which is a simplification of a
purely toplogical cellular model, displays glassy behaviour, involves activated
processes and exhibits two-step relaxation. This is a consequence of the
existence of annihilation-diffusion processes on two distinct time-scales, one
temperature independent and the other an exponential function of inverse
temperature. In fact, there are several such inter-coupled microscopic
processes and great richness therein. Two versions of the model are considered,
one with a single absorbing ground state and the other with a highly degenerate
ground state. These display qualitatively similar but quantitatively distinct
macroscopic behaviour and related, but different, microscopic behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168032 </DOCNO>
Adapted-operator representations: Selective versus collective properties


  Based on local unitary operators acting on a n-dimensional Hilbert-space, we
investigate selective and collective operator basis sets for N-particle quantum
networks. Selective cluster operators are used to derive the properties of
general cat-states for any n and N. Collective operators are conveniently used
to account for permutation symmetry: The respective Hilbert-space dimension is
then only polynomial in N and governed by strong selection rules. These
selection rules can be exploited for the design of decoherence-free subspaces
as well as for the implementation of efficient routes to entanglement if
suspended switching between states of different symmetry classes could be
realized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127498 </DOCNO>
The contribution of primordial globular clusters to the central galactic


  Globular clusters in galaxies have a mutual feedback with the environment,
which is tuned by their dynamical evolution. This feedback may be the
explanation of various features of both the globular cluster system and the
host galaxy. Relevant examples of these are the radial distribution of
globulars and the violent initial activity of galaxies as AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 310 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Study of the Finite Size Effects on the Magnetization of


  Monte Carlo simulations of a model for $\gamma$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ (maghemite)
single particle of spherical shape are presented aiming at the elucidation the
specific role played by the finite size and the surface on the anomalous
magnetic behaviour observed in small particle systems at low temperature. The
influence of the finite-size effects on the equilibrium properties of extensive
magnitudes, field coolings and hysteresis loops is studied an compared to the
results for periodic boundaries. It is shown that for the smallest sizes the
thermal demagnetization of the surface completely dominates the magnetization
while the behaviour of the core is similar to that of the periodic boundary
case, independently of $D$. The change in shape of the hysteresis loops with
$D$ demonstrates that the reversal mode is strongly influenced by the presence
of broken links and disorder at the surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113858 </DOCNO>
Charge-Induced Fragmentation of Sodium Clusters


  The fission of highly charged sodium clusters with fissilities X>1 is studied
by {\em ab initio} molecular dynamics. Na_{24}^{4+} is found to undergo
predominantly sequential Na_{3}^{+} emission on a time scale of 1 ps, while
Na_{24}^{Q+} (5 \leq Q \leq 8) undergoes multifragmentation on a time scale
\geq 0.1 ps, with Na^{+} increasingly the dominant fragment as Q increases. All
singly-charged fragments Na_{n}^{+} up to size n=6 are observed. The observed
fragment spectrum is, within statistical error, independent of the temperature
T of the parent cluster for T \leq 1500 K. These findings are consistent with
and explain recent trends observed experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168615 </DOCNO>
Atomic position localization via dual measurement


  We study localization of atomic position when a three-level atom interacts
with a quantized standing-wave field in the Ramsey interferometer setup. Both
the field quadrature amplitude and the atomic internal state are measured to
obtain the atomic position information. It is found that this dual measurement
scheme produces an interference pattern superimposed on a diffraction-like
pattern in the atomic position distribution, where the former pattern
originates from the state-selective measurement and the latter from the field
measurement. The present scheme results in a better resolution in the position
localization than the field-alone measurement schemes. We also discuss the
measurement-correlated mechanical action of the standing-wave field on the atom
in the light of Popper's test.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86840 </DOCNO>
A Grassmann representation of the Hubble parameter


  The Riccati equation for the Hubble parameter H of barotropic FRW cosmologies
in conformal time for \kappa \neq 0 spatial geometries and in comoving time for
the \kappa =0 geometry, respectively, is generalized to odd Grassmannian time
parameters. We obtain a system of simple differential equations for the four
supercomponents (two of even type and two of odd type) of the Hubble superfield
function {\cal H} that is explicitly solved. The second even Hubble component
does not have an evolution governed by general relativity although there are
effects of the latter upon it

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81393 </DOCNO>
From Spin Ladders to the 2-d O(3) Model at Non-Zero Density


  The numerical simulation of various field theories at non-zero chemical
potential suffers from severe complex action problems. In particular, QCD at
non-zero quark density can presently not be simulated for that reason. A
similar complex action problem arises in the 2-d O(3) model -- a toy model for
QCD. Here we construct the 2-d O(3) model at non-zero density via dimensional
reduction of an antiferromagnetic quantum spin ladder in a magnetic field. The
complex action problem of the 2-d O(3) model manifests itself as a sign problem
of the ladder system. This sign problem is solved completely with a
meron-cluster algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148406 </DOCNO>
M-theory compactified on Calabi-Yau fourfolds with background flux


  We perform the Kaluza-Klein reduction of M-theory on warped Calabi-Yau
fourfolds with non-trivial four-form flux turned on. The resulting scalar- and
superpotential is computed and compared with the superpotential obtained by
Gukov, Vafa and Witten using different methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1017 </DOCNO>
Stress-softening and recovery of elastomers


  A constitutive model is developed for the mechanical response of elastomers
at finite strains. A polymer is treated as a network of linear chains linked by
permanent (chemical crosslinks) and temporary (entanglements and van der Waals
forces) junctions. Temporary junctions are assumed to be in two states: loose
(passive) when they impose only topological constrains on available
configurations of chains, and tight (active) when their effect is tantamount to
that for crosslinks. Stretching of a specimen implies that some loose junctions
become active, which decreases the average length of a chain.
  A long chain is treated as an ensemble of inextensible strands connected in
sequel. Two neighboring strands are bridged by a bond which may be in two
conformations: flexed (trans) and extended (cis). A bond in the flexed
conformation is modeled as a linear elastic solid, whereas the mechanical
energy of a bond in the extended conformation (two rigid rods directed along a
straight line) is disregarded. For a virgin specimen, all bonds are in the
flexed conformation. Under loading some bonds are transformed from flexed to
extended conformation.
  Stress-strain relations for a rubbery polymer and kinetic equations for the
trans-cis transition are derived using the laws of thermodynamics. Governing
equations are determined by 5 adjustable parameters which are found by fitting
experimental data in uniaxial tensile tests on natural rubber vulcanizates with
various amounts of crosslinks. Fair agreement is demonstrated between results
of numerical simulation and observations with the elongation ratio up to $k=8$.
We analyze the effects of cyclic loading, thermal annealing and recovery by
swelling on the material constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75815 </DOCNO>
Neutral Higgs sector of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard


  The neutral Higgs sector of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model
(NMSSM) with explicit CP violation is investigated at the 1-loop level, using
the effective potential method; not only the loops involving the third
generation of quarks and scalar quarks, but also the loops involving $W$ boson,
charged Higgs boson, and chargino are taken into account. It is found that for
some parameter values of the NMSSM the contributions from the $W$ boson,
charged Higgs boson, and chargino loops may modify the masses of the neutral
Higgs bosons and the mixings among them significantly, depending on the CP
phase. In $e^+e^-$ collisions, the prospects for discovering neutral Higgs
bosons are investigated within the context of the NMSSM with explicit CP
violation when the dominant component of the lightest neutral Higgs boson is
the Higgs singlet field of the NMSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168003 </DOCNO>
Optimal Non-Universally Covariant Cloning


  We consider non-universal cloning maps, namely cloning transformations which
are covariant under a proper subgroup G of the universal unitary group U(d),
where d is the dimension of the Hilbert space H of the system to be cloned. We
give a general method for optimizing cloning for any cost-function. Examples of
applications are given for the phase-covariant cloning (cloning of equatorial
qubits) and for the Weyl-Heisenberg group (cloning of "continuous variables").

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41835 </DOCNO>
Jet production in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA and determination


  Recent measurements of jet cross sections in neutral-current and
charged-current deep inelastic ep scattering are presented. The results of the
QCD analyses on these measurements to determine the strong coupling constant
are also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95509 </DOCNO>
Darboux Coordinates on K-Orbits and the Spectra of Casimir Operators on


  We propose an algorithm for obtaining the spectra of Casimir (Laplace)
operators on Lie groups. We prove that the existence of the normal polarization
associated with a linear functional on the Lie algebra is necessary and
sufficient for the transition to local canonical Darboux coordinates $(p,q)$ on
the coadjoint representation orbit that is linear in the "momenta." We show
that the $\la$-representations of Lie algebras (which are used, in particular,
in integrating differential equations) result from the quantization of the
Poisson bracket on the coalgebra in canonical coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5578 </DOCNO>
Phonon anomalies due to stripe collective modes in high T_c cuprates


  Phonon anomalies observed in various high $T_c$ cuprates by neutron
experiments are analyzed theoretically in terms of the stripe concept. The
phonon self-energy correction is evaluated by taking into account the charge
collective modes of stripes, giving rise to dispersion gap, or kink and shadow
phonon modes at twice the wave number of spin stripe. These features coincide
precisely with observations. The gapped branches of the phonon are found to be
in-phase and out-of-phase oscillations relative to the charge collective mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96698 </DOCNO>
The Annular Structure of Subfactors


  Given a planar algebra we show the equivalence of the notions of a module
over this algebra (in the operadic sense), and module over a universal annular
algebra. We classify such modules, with invariant inner products, in the
generic region and give applications to subfactorss, including a planar
construction of the $E_6$ and $E_8$ subfactors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1143 </DOCNO>
Spin filtering and magnetoresistance in ballistic tunnel junctions


  We theoretically investigate magnetoresistance (MR) effects in connection
with spin filtering in quantum-coherent transport through tunnel junctions
based on non-magnetic/semimagnetic heterostructures. We find that spin
filtering in conjunction with the suppression/enhancement of the spin-dependent
Fermi seas in semimagnetic contacts gives rise to (i) spin-split kinks in the
MR of single barriers and (ii) a robust beating pattern in the MR of double
barriers with a semimagnetic well. We believe these are unique signatures for
quantum filtering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 143 </DOCNO>
Critical current in charge-density wave transport


  We report transport measurements under very high current densities $j$, up to
$\sim10^8$~A/cm$^2$, of quasi-one-dimensional charge-density wave (CDW)
conductors NbSe$_3$ and TaS$_3$. Joule heating has been minimized by using a
point-contact configuration or by measuring samples with extremely small
cross-sections. Above $j_c \approx 10^7$~A/cm$^2$ we find evidence for
suppression of the Peierls gap and development of the metallic state. The
critical CDW velocity corresponding with $j_0$ is comparable with the sound
velocity, and with $\Delta/ \hbar k_F$ ($k_F$ is the Fermi wave vector), which
corresponds to the depairing current. Possible scenarios of the Peierls state
destruction are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86972 </DOCNO>
Dilatonic wormholes: construction, operation, maintenance and collapse


  The CGHS two-dimensional dilaton gravity model is generalized to include a
ghost Klein-Gordon field, i.e. with negative gravitational coupling. This
exotic radiation supports the existence of static traversible wormhole
solutions, analogous to Morris-Thorne wormholes. Since the field equations are
explicitly integrable, concrete examples can be given of various dynamic
wormhole processes, as follows. (i) Static wormholes are constructed by
irradiating an initially static black hole with the ghost field. (ii) The
operation of a wormhole to transport matter or radiation between the two
universes is described, including the back-reaction on the wormhole, which is
found to exhibit a type of neutral stability. (iii) It is shown how to maintain
an operating wormhole in a static state, or return it to its original state, by
turning up the ghost field. (iv) If the ghost field is turned off, either
instantaneously or gradually, the wormhole collapses into a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127291 </DOCNO>
Cluster Galaxy Evolution from a New Sample of Galaxy Clusters at 0.3 < z


  (Abridged) We analyze photometry and spectroscopy of a sample of 63 clusters
at 0.3<z<0.9 drawn from the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey to empirically
constrain models of cluster galaxy evolution. Specifically, by combining data
on our clusters with those from the literature we parametrize the redshift
dependence of 1) M*_I in the observed frame; 2) the V-I color of the E/S0 red
sequence in the observed frames; and 3) the I-K' color of the E/S0 red sequence
in the observed frame. Using the peak surface brightness of the cluster
detection, S, as a proxy for cluster mass, we find no correlation between S and
M* or the location of the red envelope in V-I. We suggest that these
observations can be explained with a model in which luminous early type
galaxies (or more precisely, the progenitors of current day luminous early type
galaxies) form the bulk of their stellar populations at high redshift (>~ 5)
and in which many of these galaxies, if not all, accrete mass either in the
form of evolved stellar populations or gas that causes only a short term
episode of star formation at lower redshifts (1.5 < z < 2). Our data are too
crude to reach conclusions regarding the evolutionary state of any particular
cluster or to investigate whether the morphological evolution of galaxies
matches the simple scenario we discuss, but the statistical nature of this
study suggests that the observed evolutionary trends are universal in massive
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85835 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Instabilities of the Randall-Sundrum Model


  We derive dynamical equations to describe a single 3-brane containing fluid
matter and a scalar field coupling to the dilaton and the gravitational field
in a five dimensional bulk. First, we show that a scalar field or an arbitrary
fluid on the brane cannot evolve to cancel the cosmological constant in the
bulk. Then we show that the Randall-Sundrum model is unstable under small
deviations from the fine-tuning between the brane tension and the bulk
cosmological constant and even under homogeneous gravitational perturbations.
Implications for brane world cosmologies are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149818 </DOCNO>
The Concept of a J-string and its Application for the Computation of the


  Certain linear objects, termed physical lines, are considered, and initial
assumptions concerning their properties are introduced. A physical line in the
form of a circle is called a \emph{$J$-string}. It is assumed that a $J$-string
has an angular momentum whose value is $\hbar$. It is then established that a
$J$-string of radius $R$ possesses a mass $m_J$, equal to $h/2\pi c R$, a
corresponding energy, as well as a charge $q_J$, where $q_J = (hc/2\pi)^{1/2}$.
It is shown that this physical curve consists of indivisible line segments of
length $\ell_\Delta = 2\pi(hG/c^3)^{1/2}$, where $c$ is the speed of light and
$G$ is the gravitational constant. Quantum features of $J$-strings are studied.
Based upon investigation of the properties and characteristics of $J$-strings,
a method is developed for the computation of the Planck length and mass
$(\ell^*_P, m^*_P)$. The values of $\ell^*_P$ and $m^*_P$ are computed
according to the resulting formulae (and given in the paper); these values
differ from the currently accepted ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3849 </DOCNO>
Predictability of catastrophic events: material rupture, earthquakes,


  We propose that catastrophic events are "outliers" with statistically
different properties than the rest of the population and result from mechanisms
involving amplifying critical cascades. Applications and the potential for
prediction are discussed in relation to the rupture of composite materials,
great earthquakes, turbulence and abrupt changes of weather regimes, financial
crashes and human parturition (birth).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76214 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark production near the threshold in QCD


  Theoretical results for the cross section of heavy quark production near the
threshold at NNLO of NRQCD are briefly overviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124826 </DOCNO>
AGN and Cooling Flows


  For two decades the steady-state cooling-flow model has dominated the
literature of cluster and elliptical-galaxy X-ray sources. For ten years this
model has been in severe difficulty from a theoretical point of view, and it is
now coming under increasing pressure observationally. For two decades the
steady-state cooling-flow model has dominated the literature of cluster and
elliptical-galaxy X-ray sources. For ten years this model has been in severe
difficulty from a theoretical point of view, and it is now coming under
increasing pressure observationally. A small number of enthusiasts have argued
for a radically different interpretation of the data, but had little impact on
prevailing opinion because the unsteady heating picture that they advocate is
extremely hard to work out in detail. Here I explain why it is difficult to
extract robust observational predictions from the heating picture. Major
problems include the variability of the sources, the different ways in which a
bi-polar flow can impact on X-ray emission, the weakness of synchrotron
emission from sub-relativistic flows, and the sensitivity of synchrotron
emission to a magnetic field that is probably highly localized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86492 </DOCNO>
Impulse Action on D-particles in Robertson-Walker Space Times,


  We demonstrate that an impulse action (`recoil') on a D-particle embedded in
a (four-dimensional) cosmological Robertson-Walker (RW) spacetime is described,
in a $\sigma$-model framework, by a suitably extended higher-order logarithmic
world-sheet algebra of relevant deformations. We study in some detail the
algebra of the appropriate two-point correlators, and give a careful discussion
as to how one can approach the world-sheet renormalization group infrared fixed
point, in the neighborhood of which the logarithmic algebra is valid. It is
found that, if the initial RW spacetime does not have cosmological horizons,
then there is no problem in approaching the fixed point. However, in the
presence of horizons, there are world-sheet divergences which imply the need
for Liouville dressing in order to approach the fixed point in the correct way.
A detailed analysis on the subtle subtraction of these divergences in the
latter case is given. In both cases, at the fixed point, the recoil-induced
spacetime is nothing other than a coordinate transformation of the initial
spacetime into the rest frame of the recoiling D-particle. However, in the
horizon case, if one identifies the Liouville mode with the target time, which
expresses physically the back reaction of the recoiling D-particle onto the
spacetime structure, it is found that the induced spacetime distortion results
in the removal of the initial cosmological horizon and the eventual stopping of
the acceleration of the Universe. In this latter sense, our model may be
thought of as a conformal field theory description of a (toy) Universe
characterized by a sort of `phase transition' at the moment of impulse,
implying a time-varying speed of light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168333 </DOCNO>
Slow light propagation in trapped atomic quantum gases


  We study semi-classical slow light propagation in trapped two level atomic
quantum gases. The temperature dependent behaviors of both group velocity and
transmissions are compared for low temperature Bose, Fermi, and Boltzman gases
within the local density approximation for their spatial density profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126089 </DOCNO>
Time at the Beginning


  Age consistency for the Universe today has been an important cosmological
test. Even more powerful consistency tests at times as early as 10^{-32} sec
lie ahead in the precision era of cosmology. I outline tests based upon cosmic
microwave background (CMB) anisotropy, big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), particle
dark matter, phase transitions, and inflation. The ultimate cosmic timescale --
the fate of the Universe -- will be in doubt until the mystery of the dark
energy is unraveled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72549 </DOCNO>
Study of two-photon production process in proton-proton collisions below


  The energy spectrum for high energy $\gamma$-rays ($E_\gamma \geq 10$ MeV)
from the process $pp \to \gamma \gamma X$ emitted at $90^0$ in the laboratory
frame has been measured at an energy below the pion production threshold,
namely, at 216 MeV. The resulting photon energy spectrum extracted from $\gamma
- \gamma$ coincidence events consists of a narrow peak at a photon energy of
about 24 MeV and a relatively broad peak in the energy range of (50 - 70) MeV.
The statistical significance for both the narrow and broad peaks exceeds
5$\sigma$. This behavior of the photon energy spectrum is interpreted as a
signature of the exotic dibaryon resonance $d^\star_1$ which is assumed to be
formed in the radiative process $pp \to \gamma d^\star_1$ followed by its
electromagnetic decay via the $d^\star_1 \to pp \gamma$ mode. The experimental
spectrum is compared with those obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72940 </DOCNO>
Variable-Speed-of-Light Cosmology from Brane World Scenario


  We argue that the four-dimensional universe on the TeV brane of the
Randall-Sundrum scenario takes the bimetric structure of Clayton and Moffat,
with gravitons traveling faster than photons instead, while the radion varies
with time. We show that such brane world bimetric model can thereby solve the
flatness and the cosmological constant problems, provided the speed of a
graviton decreases to the present day value rapidly enough. The resolution of
other cosmological problems such as the horizon problem and the monopole
problem requires supplementation by inflation, which may be achieved by the
radion field provided the radion potential satisfies the slow-roll
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124739 </DOCNO>
New HST spectra indicate the QSO PG1718+4807 will not give the


  The z ~ 0.701 absorption system towards the QSO PG1718+4807 is the only
example of a QSO absorption system which might have a deuterium/hydrogen ratio
approximately ten times the value found towards other QSOs. We have obtained
new STIS spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope of the Lyman alpha and Lyman
limit regions of the system. These spectra give the redshift and velocity
dispersion of the neutral hydrogen which produces most of the observed
absorption. The Lyman alpha line is too narrow to account for all of the
observed absorption. It was previously known that extra absorption is needed on
the blue side of the main H I near to the expected position of deuterium. The
current data suggests with a 98% confidence level that the extra absorption is
not deuterium. Some uncertainty persists because we have a low signal to noise
ratio and the extra absorption - be it deuterium or hydrogen - is heavily
blended with the Lyman alpha absorption from the main hydrogen component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125769 </DOCNO>
A Very Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1: PKS 2004-447


  We have discovered a very radio-loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 candidate: PKS
2004-447. This Seyfert is consistent with the formal definition for NLS1s,
although it does not have quite the same spectral features as some typical
members of this subclass. Only ROSAT survey data is available at X-ray
wavelengths, so it has not been possible to compare this source with other
NLS1s at these wavelengths. A full comparison of this source with other members
of the subclass will improve our physical understanding of NLS1s. In addition,
using standard calculations, we estimate the central black hole to have a mass
of $\sim 5 \times 10^6 M_{\odot}$. This does not agree with predictions in the
literature, that radio-loud AGN host very massive black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6672 </DOCNO>
Charge echo in a Cooper-pair box


  A spin-echo-type technique is applied to an artificial two-level system that
utilizes charge degree of freedom in a small superconducting electrode.
Gate-voltage pulses are used to produce the necessary pulse sequence in order
to eliminate the inhomogeneity effect in the time-ensemble measurement and to
obtain refocused echo signals. Comparison of the decay time of the observed
echo signal with estimated decoherence time suggests that low-frequency
energy-level fluctuations due to the 1/f charge noise dominate the dephasing in
the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 389 </DOCNO>
Reaction-diffusion system with self-organized critical behavior


  We describe the construction of a conserved reaction-diffusion system that
exhibits self-organized critical (avalanche-like) behavior under the action of
a slow addition of particles. The model provides an illustration of the general
mechanism to generate self-organized criticality in conserving systems.
Extensive simulations in d=2 and 3 reveal critical exponents compatible with
the universality class of the stochastic Manna sandpile model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4772 </DOCNO>
Transport Anomalies and Marginal Fermi-Liquid Effects at a Quantum


  The behavior of the conductivity and the density of states, as well as the
phase relaxation time, of disordered itinerant electrons across a quantum
ferromagnetic transition is discussed. It is shown that critical fluctuations
lead to anomalies in the temperature and energy dependence of the conductivity
and the tunneling density of states, respectively, that are stronger than the
usual weak-localization anomalies in a disordered Fermi liquid. This can be
used as an experimental probe of the quantum critical behavior. The energy
dependence of the phase relaxation time at criticality is shown to be that of a
marginal Fermi liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76973 </DOCNO>
Time evolution in linear response: Boltzmann equations and beyond


  In this work a perturbative linear response analysis is performed for the
time evolution of the quasi-conserved charge of a scalar field. One can find
two regimes, one follows exponential damping, where the damping rate is shown
to come from quantum Boltzmann equations. The other regime (coming from
multiparticle cuts and products of them) decays as power law. The most
important, non-oscillating contribution in our model comes from a 4-particle
intermediate state and decays as 1/t^3. These results may have relevance for
instance in the context of lepton number violation in the Early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73330 </DOCNO>
Axion-like particles as ultra high energy cosmic rays?


  If Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) with E>4 10^{19} eV originate from
BL Lacertae at cosmological distances as suggested by recent studies, the
absence of the GZK cutoff can not be reconciled with Standard-Model particle
properties. Axions would escape the GZK cutoff, but even the coherent
conversion and back-conversion between photons and axions in large-scale
magnetic fields is not enough to produce the required flux. However, one may
construct models of other novel (pseudo)scalar neutral particles with
properties that would allow for sufficient rates of particle production in the
source and shower production in the atmosphere to explain the observations. As
an explicit example for such particles we consider SUSY models with light
sgoldstinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114527 </DOCNO>
Theory of Quantum Electrodynamical Self-consistent Fields


  To obtain the basis for combining various many-body techniques to QED in a
consistent manner, we investigate the theory of quantum electrodynamical
self-consistent fields. The reserch interest was born mainly of the electronic
structure theory, thus we consider of atomic and moleculer systems as our main
subjects. But the formalism is more fundamental. First, we derive the quantum
electrodynamical Hartree-Fock theory by using the Green's function method. Then
we construct a relativistic Hamiltonian written by creation-annihilation
operators for electron and positron in a general form, and check that it
reproduces the Hartree-Fock theory. We use this Hamiltonian to derive the
time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory and random phase approximation, in the
operator formalism. The relativistic Slater determinant of the Thouless
parametrization is also used. Finally we discuss the applications and futher
possible developments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126655 </DOCNO>
HST NICMOS Photometry of the reddened bulge globular clusters NGC 6528,


  We present results from NICMOS Hubble Space Telescope observations of the
reddened bulge globular clusters NGC 6528, Terzan 5, Liller 1, UKS 1 and Terzan
4, obtained through the filters F110W and F160W (nearly equivalent to J and H).
For the first time the turnoff region of Liller 1 and the main sequence of
Terzan 5 and Terzan 4 are reached, as well as the horizontal branch of UKS 1.
The magnitude difference between the turnoff and the red horizontal branch
$\Delta m_{110}=m_{110}^{HB}- m_{110}^{TO}$ is used as an age indicator. From
comparisons with new isochrones in the NICMOS photometric system, we conclude
that the two metal-rich clusters NGC 6528 and Terzan 5 are coeval within
uncertainties ($\sim 20%$) with 47 Tucanae. Liller 1 and UKS 1 are confirmed as
metal-rich globular clusters. Terzan 4 is confirmed as an interesting case of a
metal-poor cluster in the bulge with a blue horizontal branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76642 </DOCNO>
A polarized version of the CCFM equation for gluons


  A derivation for a polarized CCFM evolution equation which is suitable to
describe the scaling behavior of the the unintegrated polarized gluon density
is given. We discuss the properties of this polarized CCFM equation and compare
it to the standard CCFM equation in the unpolarized case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125841 </DOCNO>
The dividing line between FR I and FR II radio--galaxies


  In the radio - host galaxy optical luminosity plane FR I and FR II
radio-galaxies are clearly divided. Since the optical luminosity of an
elliptical galaxy is an indication of the mass of its central black hole, we
propose that the FR I - FR II dividing luminosity is a function of the mass of
the black hole powering the active nucleus. Furthermore, as the radio power
gives an estimate of the total kinetic power carried by the jet, the FR I - FR
II separation can be re-interpreted as occurring at a constant ratio between
the jet power and the black hole mass. There is also convincing evidence of a
correlation between the radio power and the luminosity in narrow emission
lines. As the latter results from photoionization by the radiation produced by
accretion, we can estimate the ionizing luminosity and find that the separation
luminosity can be also re-expressed as a constant accretion rate between
\~0.01-0.001 of the Eddington one. This possibly regulates the accretion mode
and the consequent presence and characteristics of nuclear outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169495 </DOCNO>
Quantum Shift Register


  We consider a quantum circuit in which shift and rotation operations on
qubits are performed by swap gates and controlled swap gates. These operations
can be useful for quantum computers performing elementary arithmetic operations
such as multiplication and a bit-wise comparison of qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3505 </DOCNO>
Non-equilibrium Relaxation Study of Ferromagnetic Transition in


  Ferromagnetic transition in double-exchange systems is studied by
non-equilibrium relaxation technique combined with Monte Carlo calculations.
Critical temperature and critical exponents are estimated from relaxation of
the magnetic moment. The results are consistent with the previous Monte Carlo
results in thermal equilibrium. The exponents estimated by these independent
techniques suggest that the universality class of this transition is the same
as that of short-range interaction models but is different from the mean-field
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6811 </DOCNO>
Network patterns and strength of orbital currents in layered cuprates


  In a frame of the $t-J-G$ model we derive the microscopical expression for
the circulating orbital currents in layered cuprates using the anomalous
correlation functions. In agreement with $\mu$-on spin relaxation ($\mu$SR),
nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) and inelastic neutron scattering(INS)
experiments in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ we successfully explain the order of
magnitude and the monotonous increase of the {\it internal} magnetic fields
resulting from these currents upon cooling. However, the jump in the intensity
of the magnetic fields at T$_c$ reported recently seems to indicate a
non-mean-field feature in the coexistence of current and superconducting states
and the deviation of the extended charge density wave vector instability from
its commensurate value {\bf Q}$\approx(\pi,\pi$) in accordance with the
reported topology of the Fermi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74854 </DOCNO>
Gauge Couplings and Group Dimensions in the Standard Model


  The gauge field term in the Standard Model Lagrangian is slightly rewritten,
suggesting that the three gauge couplings have absorbed factors which depend on
the dimensions of the corresponding gauge groups. The ratios of the physical
couplings may turn out to be dominated by these factors, with deviations due to
quantum corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127796 </DOCNO>
900 ks exposure of NGC 3783 with Chandra/HETGS: no accretion disk lines


  We present preliminary results from a 900 ks exposure of NGC 3783 with the
Chandra/HETGS. This is the best combination of signal-to-noise and resolution
ever obtained for an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). We resolve the narrow Fe
K\alpha line to have FWHM of 1720+/-360 km/s which, under the simple assumption
of virialized system, suggest that this narrow line is emitted between the
broad line region and the narrow line region. We do not detect any broad
component for the Fe K\alpha line though such component was observed in
previous ASCA observations of this object. Our results suggest an evolution in
the broad Fe K\alpha line that took place from the observations in 1996 to the
observations in 2000/2001.
  The high resolution X-ray spectrum of NGC 3783 shows more than a hundred
absorption lines and several dozen emission lines from the H-like and He-like
ions of N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, and S as well as from Fe_XVII to Fe_XXIV L-shell
transitions. All these features can be modeled by a multi-component,
outflowing, photoionized absorber. There is no evidence (or need in the model)
for soft X-ray emission lines from a relativistic accretion disk as have been
proposed to be seen in a few other AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86809 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic cosmologies containing isotropic background radiation


  We present an anisotropic cosmological model based on a new exact solution of
Einstein equations. The matter content consists of an anisotropic scalar field
minimally coupled to gravity and of two isotropic perfect fluids that represent
dust matter and radiation. The spacetime is described by a spatially
homogeneous, Bianchi type III metric with a conformal expansion. The model
respects the evolution of the scale factor predicted by standard cosmology, as
well as the isotropy of the cosmic microwave background. Remarkably, the
introduction of the scalar field, apart from explaining the spacetime
anisotropy, gives rise to an energy density that is close to the critical
density. As a consequence, the model is quasiflat during the entire history of
the universe. Using these results, we are also able to construct approximate
solutions for shear-free cosmological models with rotation. We finally carry
out a quantitative discussion of the validity of such solutions, showing that
our approximations are acceptably good if the angular velocity of the universe
is within the observational bounds derived from rotation of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169527 </DOCNO>
Coherent States for Unusual Potentials


  The program to construct minimum-uncertainty coherent states for general
potentials works transparently with solvable analytic potentials. However, when
an analytic potential is not completely solvable, like for a double-well or the
linear (gravitational) potential, there can be a conundrum. Motivated by
supersymmetry concepts in higher dimensions, we show how these conundrums can
be overcome.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168948 </DOCNO>
Perspectives on a Solid State NMR Quantum Computer


  A quantum information processing device, based on bulk solid state NMR of the
quasi-one dimensional material hydroxyapatite, is proposed following the
magnetic resonance force microscopy work of Yamamoto et al (quant-ph/0009122).
In a macroscopic sample of hydroxyapatite, our solid state NMR model yields a
limit of 10^8 qubits imposed by physics, while development of current
technological considerations should allow an upper bound in the range of
hundreds to thousands of qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114028 </DOCNO>
The Wave Vector is Limitted from Below


  It has been shown that the electron wave vector in crystal can not be smaller
than a certain value. As the result in crystal there are many first Brillouin
zones but not one, as it has been supposed earlier. In crystal there can be
many electrons with certain value of the wave vector, but not two, as it has
been supposed earlier. These electrons must be at sufficiently large distance
from each other. An attempt has been made to explain the decreasing of electric
and thermal conductivity with decreasing of the size of the crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6353 </DOCNO>
Generalization of the effective mass method for semiconductor structures


  The Kohn-Luttinger envelope-function method is generalized to the case of
heterostructures with atomically sharp heterojunctions based on lattice-matched
layers of related semiconductors with zinc-blende symmetry. For electron states
near the \Gamma point in (001) heterostructures the single-band effective-mass
equation is derived, taking into account both the spatial dependence of the
effective mass and effects associated with the atomically sharp
heterojunctions. A small parameter is identified, in powers of which it is
possible to classify the various contributions to this equation. For hole
states only the main contributions to the effective Hamiltonian, due to the
sharpness of the heterojunctions, are taken into account. An expression is
derived for the parameter governing mixing of states of heavy and light holes
at the center of the 2D Brillouin zone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41223 </DOCNO>
Preliminary trigger studies for the PEP-N detector


  A very preliminary study for a trigger for the PEP-N experiment is presented.
Its aim is to show the feasibility of a very efficient trigger for
multihadronic events based on energy releases in the electromagnetic
calorimeter. Though the efficiency of such a trigger is very high and simple
topology requirements can be applied to reduce cosmic background, an accurate
study of machine background is going to be made to provide final trigger design
and performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179110 </DOCNO>
Scaling of single photon production in hadronic collisions


  Scaling of single photon production in $pp$ and $p\overline{p}$ collisions is
studied. It is empirically observed the available data scales $\sim
\sqrt{s}/p_T^5$ for $x_T=2p_T/\sqrt{s} \leq 0.1$ and $\sim
(\sqrt{s})^{3.3}/p_T^9$ for larger $x_T$. The NLO pQCD predictions for $pp$
collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ of 200 and 5500 GeV, relevant for RHIC and LHC
energies are seen to closely follow this scaling behaviour. Implications for
single photon production in heavy ion collisions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7004 </DOCNO>
The Role of Electron-Hole Symmetry Breaking in the Kondo Problems


  In studying the different Kondo problems it is generally assumed that
breaking the electron-hole symmetry does not affect the perturbative infrared
divergencies. It is shown here that, in contrast, breaking that symmetry may in
some cases lead to observable modifications while in other cases it does not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124495 </DOCNO>
Modeling the Low State Spectrum of the X-Ray Nova XTE J1118+480


  Based on recent multiwavelength observations of the new X-ray nova XTE
J1118+480, we can place strong constraints on the geometry of the accretion
flow in which a low/hard state spectrum, characteristic of an accreting black
hole binary, is produced. We argue that the absence of any soft blackbody-like
component in the X-ray band implies the existence of an extended hot
optically-thin region, with the optically-thick cool disk truncated at some
radius R_{tr} > 55 R_{Schw}. We show that such a model can indeed reproduce the
main features of the observed spectrum: the relatively high optical to X-ray
ratio, the sharp downturn in the far UV band and the hard X-ray spectrum. The
absence of the disk blackbody component also underscores the requirement that
the seed photons for thermal Comptonization be produced locally in the hot
flow, e.g. via synchrotron radiation. We attribute the observed spectral break
at 2 keV to absorption in a warm, partially ionized gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86419 </DOCNO>
Comparing selfinteracting scalar fields and R + R^3 cosmological models


  We generalize the well-known analogies between m^2 \phi^2 and R + R^2
theories to include the selfinteraction \lambda \phi^4-term for the scalar
field. It turns out to be the R + R^3 Lagrangian which gives an appropriate
model for it. Considering a spatially flat Friedman cosmological model, common
and different properties of these models are discussed, e.g., by linearizing
around a ground state the masses of the resp. spin 0-parts coincide. Finally,
we prove a general conformal equivalence theorem between a Lagrangian L = L(R),
L'L'' \ne 0, and a minimally coupled scalar field in a general potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76599 </DOCNO>
Tracing protons through the Galactic magnetic field: a clue for charge


  We reconstruct the trajectories of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) -
observed by the AGASA experiment - in the Galactic magnetic field assuming that
all particles have the same charge. We then study correlations between the
reconstructed events and BL Lacs. The correlations have significance below
10^{-3} in the case of particles with charge +1. In the case of charge -1 the
correlations are absent. We interpret this as evidence that protons are present
in the flux of UHECR. Observed correlation provides an independent evidence
that BL Lacs emit UHECR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113910 </DOCNO>
Edge waves along a sloping beach


  We construct a family of explicit rotational solutions to the nonlinear
governing equations for water waves, describing edge waves propagating over a
plane-sloping beach. A detailed analysis of the edge wave dynamics and of the
run-up pattern is made possible by the use of the Lagrangian approach to the
water motion. A graphical representation of the edge wave is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148735 </DOCNO>
Self-dual Hamiltonians as Deformations of Free Systems


  We formulate the problem of finding self-dual Hamiltonians (associated with
integrable systems) as deformations of free systems given on various symplectic
manifolds and discuss several known explicit examples, including recently found
double elliptic Hamiltonians. We consider as basic the notion of self-duality,
while the duality in integrable systems (of the Toda/Calogero/Ruijsenaars type)
comes as a derivative notion (degenerations of self-dual systems). This is a
talk presented at the Workshop "Classical and Quantum Integrable Systems",
Protvino, January, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75343 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Coherent States : Some Examples of Calculations of


  First we make a brief review of coherent states and prove that the resolution
of unity can be obtained by the 1-st Chern character of some bundle. Next we
define a Grassmann manifold for a set of coherent states and construct the
pull-back bundle making use of a projector from the parameter space to this
Grassmann manifold. We study some geometric properties (Chern-characters
mainly) of these bundles. Although the calculations of Chern-characters are in
general not easy, we can perform them for the special cases. In this paper we
report our calculations and propose some interesting problems to be solved in
the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124924 </DOCNO>
Brane World Astronomy


  Unified theories suggest that space is intrinsically 10 dimensional, even
though everyday phenomena seem to take place in only 3 large dimensions. In
``Brane World'' models, matter and radiation are localized to a ``brane'' which
has a thickness less than 1/TeV in all but the usual three dimensions, while
gravity propagates in additional dimensions, some of which may extend as far as
submillimeter scales. A brief review is presented of some of these models and
their astrophysical phenomenology. One distinctive possibility is a
gravitational wave background originating in the mesoscopic early universe, at
temperatures above about 1 TeV and on scales smaller than a millimeter, during
the formation of our 3-dimensional brane within a 10-dimensional space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83690 </DOCNO>
Building the access pointers to a computation environment


  A common object technique equipped with the categorical and computational
styles is briefly outlined. An object is evaluated by embedding in a host
computational environment which is the domain-ranged structure. An embedded
object is accessed by the pointers generated within the host system. To assist
with an easy extract the result of the evaluation a pre-embedded object is
generated. It is observed as the decomposition into substitutional part and
access function part which are generated during the object evaluation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3827 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle ring exchange in the Wigner glass and its possible


  We consider a two-dimensional electron or hole system at zero temperature and
low carrier densities, where the long-range Coulomb interactions dominate over
the kinetic energy. In this limit the clean system will form a Wigner crystal.
Non-trivial quantum mechanical corrections to the classical ground state lead
to multiparticle exchange processes that can be expressed as an effective spin
Hamiltonian involving competing interactions. Disorder will destroy the Wigner
crystal on large length scales, and the resulting state is called a Wigner
glass. The notion of multiparticle exchange processes is still applicable in
the Wigner glass, but the exchange frequencies now follow a random
distribution. We compute the exchange frequencies for a large number of
relevant exchange processes in the Wigner crystal, and the frequency
distributions for some important processes in the Wigner glass. The resulting
effective low energy spin Hamiltonian should be the starting point of an
analysis of the possible ground state phases and quantum phase transitions
between them. We find that disorder plays a crucial role and speculate on a
possible zero temperature phase diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4080 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Relaxation in Population Dynamics


  We analyze the nonlinear relaxation of a complex ecosystem composed of many
interacting species. The ecological system is described by generalized
Lotka-Volterra equations with a multiplicative noise. The transient dynamics is
studied in the framework of the mean field theory and with random interaction
between the species. We focus on the statistical properties of the asymptotic
behaviour of the time integral of the i-th population and on the distribution
of the population and of the local field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124895 </DOCNO>
Preheating in the Universe Suppressing High Energy Gamma-rays from


  Structure formation in the universe can produce high energy gamma-rays from
shock-accelerated electrons, and this process may be the origin of the
extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB) as well as a part of the unidentified
sources detected by EGRET in the GeV band, if about 5% of the kinetic energy of
the shock is going into electron acceleration. However, we point out that the
production of gamma-rays may be severely suppressed if the collapsing matter
has been preheated by external entropy sources at the time of gravitational
collapse, as can be inferred from the luminosity-temperature (LT) relation of
galaxy clusters and groups. We also make a rough estimate of this effect by a
simple model, showing that the EGRB flux may be suppressed by a factor of about
30. Hence structure formation is difficult to be the dominant origin of EGRB if
preheating is actually responsible for the observed anomary in the LT relation.
The detectable number of gamma-ray clusters is also reduced, but about 5-10
forming clusters should still be detectable by EGRET all sky, and this number
is similar to that of the steady and high-latitude unidentified sources in the
EGRET catalog. The future GLAST mission should detect 10^2-10^3 gamma-ray
clusters of galaxies even if the intergalactic medium has been preheated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98328 </DOCNO>
The Oka principle for sections of subelliptic submersions


  Let X and Y be complex manifolds. One says that maps from X to Y satisfy the
Oka principle if the inclusion of the space of holomorphic maps from X to Y
into the space of continuous maps is a weak homotopy equivalence. In 1957 H.
Grauert proved the Oka principle for maps from Stein manifolds to complex Lie
groups and homogeneous spaces, as well as for sections of fiber bundles with
homogeneous fibers over a Stein base. In 1989 M. Gromov extended Grauert's
result to sections of submersions over a Stein base which admit dominating
sprays over small open sets in the base; for proof see [F. Forstneric and J.
Prezelj: Oka's principle for holomorphic fiber bundles with sprays, Math. Ann.
317 (2000), 117-154, and the preprint math.CV/0101040].
  In this paper we prove the Oka principle for maps from Stein manifolds to any
complex manifold Y that admits finitely many sprays which together dominate at
every point of Y (such manifold is called subelliptic). The class of
subelliptic manifolds contains all the elliptic ones, as well as complements of
closed algebraic subvarieties of codimension at least two in a complex
projective space or a complex Grassmanian. We also prove the Oka principle for
removing intersections of holomorphic maps with closed complex subvarieties A
of the target manifold Y, provided that the source manifold is Stein and the
manifolds Y and Y\A are subelliptic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148693 </DOCNO>
Unruh Radiation, Holography and Boundary Cosmology


  A uniformly acclerated observer in anti-deSitter space-time is known to
detect thermal radiation when the acceleration exceeds a critical value. We
investigate the holographic interpretation of this phenomenon. For uniformly
accelerated trajectories transverse to the boundary of the AdS space, the
hologram is a blob which expands along the boundary. Observers on the boundary
co-moving with the hologram become observers in cosmological space-times. For
supercritical accelerations one gets a Milne universe when the holographic
screen is the boundary in Poincare coordinates, while for the boundary in
hyperspherical coordinates one gets deSitter spacetimes. The presence or
absence of thermality is then interpreted in terms of specific classes of
observers in these cosmologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83589 </DOCNO>
Flexible Software Framework for Modal Synthesis


  Modal synthesis is an important area of physical modeling whose exploration
in the past has been held back by a large number of control parameters, the
scarcity of general-purpose design tools and the difficulty of obtaining the
computational power required for real-time synthesis. This paper presents an
overview of a flexible software framework facilitating the design and control
of instruments based on modal synthesis. The framework is designed as a
hierarchy of polymorphic synthesis objects, representing modal structures of
various complexity. As a method of generalizing all interactions among the
elements of a modal system, an abstract notion of {\it energy} is introduced,
and a set of energy transfer functions is provided. Such abstraction leads to a
design where the dynamics of interactions can be largely separated from the
specifics of particular modal structures, yielding an easily configurable and
expandable system. A real-time version of the framework has been implemented as
a set of C++ classes along with an integrating shell and a GUI, and is
currently being used to design and play modal instruments, as well as to survey
fundamental properties of various modal algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97480 </DOCNO>
Mixing angle and Glashow's Algebra


  Considering transformations in the basis of fundamental fields on a principal
fiber bundle, without modification in the space-time sector, we construct an
algebra GA, which we call Glashow algebra. The structure constants of this
algebra depend on a mixing angle. The Lagrangian of the gauge theory of
electroweak interactions without masses is obtained using a representation of
GA which is the transformed of the adjoint representation of the direct product
of SU(2) and U(1), and does not coincide with the adjoint representation of GA.
The mixing angle is automatically present in the theory if GA is used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77063 </DOCNO>
Neutrino mediated muon--electron conversion in nuclei revisited


  The non-photonic neutrino exchange mechanism of the lepton flavor violating
muon-electron conversion in nuclei is revisited. First we determine the nucleon
coupling constants for the neutrino exchange mechanism in a relativistic quark
model taking into account quark confinement and chiral symmetry requirements.
This includes a new, previously overlooked tree-level contribution from
neutrino exchange between two quarks in the same nucleon. Then for the case of
an additional sterile neutrino we reconsider the coherent mode of this process.
The presence of a mixed sterile-active neutrino state heavier than the quark
confinement scale Lambda_c (~1 GeV) may significantly improve the prospects for
observation of this process in future experiments as compared to the
conventional scenario with only light neutrinos. Turning the arguments around
we derive new experimental constraints on |U_(mu h)| and |U_(e h)| mixing
matrix elements from the non-observation of muon--electron conversion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128025 </DOCNO>
Variability of Soft X-ray Spectral Shape in Blazars Observed by ROSAT


  In paper 1 (Cheng et al. 2001) we have shown that the soft X-ray spectra of
two types of Seyfert 1 galaxies statistically vary differently with increasing
intensity. In order to understand how the spectrum of blazars changes, the
spectral shape variability of 18 blazars observed by ROSAT/PSPC mode are
studied by presenting the correlation of Hardness Ratio 1 versus Count Rates
(HR1-CTs). According to our criteria, 10 blazars show a positive HR1-CTs
relation, and only 2 blazars display an anti-correlation of HR1 versus CTs. The
rest 6 blazars do not indicate any clear correlation. From these we can see
that most blazars of our sample statistically show a hardening spectrum during
overall flux increase, though some vary randomly. By investigating the photon
index of these objects and different radiation theories, we argue that the
dominance of the synchrotron or inverse Compton emission in the soft X-ray band
may interpret the dichotomy of spectral variability well, and that different
spectral variations might represent a sequence of synchrotron peaked frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98365 </DOCNO>
Integrals of Borcherds forms


  In his Inventiones papers in 1995 and 1998, Borcherds constructed holomorphic
automorphic forms $\Psi(F)$ with product expansions on bounded domains $D$
associated to rational quadratic spaces $V$ of signature (n,2). The input $F$
for his construction is a vector valued modular form of weight $1-n/2$ for
$SL_2(Z)$ which is allowed to have a pole at the cusp and whose non-positive
Fourier coefficients are integers $c_\mu(-m)$, $m\ge0$. For example, the
divisor of $\Psi(F)$ is the sum over $m>0$ and the coset parameter $\mu$ of
$c_\mu(-m) Z_\mu(m)$ for certain rational quadratic divisors $Z_\mu(m)$ on the
arithmetic quotient $X = \Gamma D$. In this paper, we give an explicit formula
for the integral $\kappa(\Psi(F))$ of $-\log||\Psi(F)||^2$ over $X$, where
$||.||^2$ is the Petersson norm. More precisely, this integral is given by a
sum over $\mu$ and $m>0$ of quantities $c_\mu(-m) \kappa_\mu(m)$, where
$\kappa_\mu(m)$ is the limit as $Im(\tau) -> \infty$ of the $m$th Fourier
coefficient of the second term in the Laurent expansion at $s= n/2$ of a
certain Eisenstein series $E(\tau,s)$ of weight $n/2 + 1$ attached to $V$. It
is also shown, via the Siegel--Weil formula, that the value $E(\tau, n/2)$ of
the Eisenstein series at this point is the generating function of the volumes
of the divisors $Z_\mu(m)$ with respect to a suitable K\"ahler form. The
possible role played by the quantity $\kappa(\Psi(F))$ in the Arakelov theory
of the divisors $Z_\mu(m)$ on $X$ is explained in the last section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1557 </DOCNO>
Spectral equivalences, Bethe Ansatz equations, and reality properties in


  The one-dimensional Schrodinger equation for the potential $x^6+\alpha x^2
+l(l+1)/x^2$ has many interesting properties. For certain values of the
parameters l and alpha the equation is in turn supersymmetric (Witten),
quasi-exactly solvable (Turbiner), and it also appears in Lipatov's approach to
high energy QCD. In this paper we signal some further curious features of these
theories, namely novel spectral equivalences with particular second- and
third-order differential equations. These relationships are obtained via a
recently-observed connection between the theories of ordinary differential
equations and integrable models. Generalised supersymmetry transformations
acting at the quasi-exactly solvable points are also pointed out, and an
efficient numerical procedure for the study of these and related problems is
described. Finally we generalise slightly and then prove a conjecture due to
Bessis, Zinn-Justin, Bender and Boettcher, concerning the reality of the
spectra of certain PT-symmetric quantum-mechanical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124779 </DOCNO>
The BMW X-ray Cluster Survey


  We describe the main features of the BMW survey of serendipitous X-ray
clusters, based on the still unexploited ROSAT-HRI archival observations. The
sky coverage, surface density and first deep optical CCD images of the
candidates indicate that this sample can represent an excellent complement to
the existing PSPC deep cluster surveys and will provide us with a fully
independent probe of the evolution of the cluster abundance, in addition to
significantly increasing the number of clusters known at z>0.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75263 </DOCNO>
Finite Higgs mass without Supersymmetry


  We identify a class of chiral models where the one-loop effective potential
for Higgs scalar fields is finite without any requirement of supersymmetry. It
corresponds to the case where the Higgs fields are identified with the
components of a gauge field along compactified extra dimensions. We present a
six dimensional model with gauge group U(3)xU(3) and quarks and leptons
accomodated in fundamental and bi-fundamental representations. The model can be
embedded in a D-brane configuration of type I string theory and, upon
compactification on a T^2/Z_2 orbifold, it gives rise to the standard model
with two Higgs doublets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124675 </DOCNO>
The Late-time Expansion of the Ejecta of SN 1987A


  The evolution of the shape and size of the ejecta of SN 1987A is analyzed
over a period of ~ 8 years based on HST images and spectra taken between 1278
and 4336 days after the supernova outburst. We combine both proprietary and
archival HST data obtained with the FOC, WFPC2 and STIS. The low resolution
near-UV prism FOC spectrum obtained at day 3043 has not been described
previously. Although the FWHM of the ejecta grew linearly over the time span
studied, the appearance of the SN envelope also changed markedly with
wavelength. At visible wavelengths (lambda ~ 5000 Angstrom) the ejecta became
progressively more elongated, reaching an ellipticity epsilon ~ 0.25 by day
4000. In the near-UV (lambda ~ 2500 AA), the ejecta remained closely circular
(epsilon <= 0.1) and ~ 50% larger in angular extent than in the visible. The
FOC prism observations show that the large extent of the SN envelope is
confined to a grouping of resonance lines spanning Mg I 2852, Mg II 2795,2802
and several Fe II multiplets -- thereby confirming that the larger size of the
debris in the near-UV is due to scattering in these optically thick transitions
compared to the optically thin forbidden and semi-forbidden transitions that
dominate the visible spectrum. The available data are not of sufficient quality
to detect the slight deviation from linear expansion expected for the outermost
regions of the near-UV images as predicted by Chugai et al. (1997).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1229 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport through a strongly interacting quantum dot


  We study the effect of a magnetic field on the conductance through a strongly
interacting quantum dot by using the finite temperature extension of Wilson's
numerical renormalization group method to dynamical quantities. The quantum dot
has one active level for transport and is modelled by an Anderson impurity
attached to left and right electron reservoirs. Detailed predictions are made
for the linear conductance and the spin-resolved conductance as a function of
gate voltage, temperature and magnetic field strength. A strongly coupled
quantum dot in a magnetic field acts as a spin filter which can be tuned by
varying the gate voltage. The largest spin-filtering effect is found in the
range of gate voltages corresponding to the mixed valence regime of the
Anderson impurity model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97915 </DOCNO>
The Rank and Minimal Border Strip Decompositions of a Skew Partition


  Nazarov and Tarasov recently generalized the notion of the rank of a
partition to skew partitions. We give several characterizations of the rank of
a skew partition and one possible characterization that remains open. One of
the characterizations involves the decomposition of a skew shape into a minimal
number of border strips, and we develop a theory of these MBSD's as well as of
the closely related minimal border strip tableaux. An application is given to
the value of a character of the symmetric group S_n indexed by a skew shape z
at a permutation whose number of cycles is the rank of z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169378 </DOCNO>
Larmor precession and tunneling time of a relativistic neutral spinning


  The Larmor precession of a relativistic neutral spin-1/2 particle in a
uniform constant magnetic field confined to the region of a one-dimensional
arbitrary potential barrier is investigated. The spin precession serves as a
clock to measure the time spent by a quantum particle traversing a potential
barrier. With the help of general spin coherent state it is explicitly shown
that the precession time is equal to the dwell time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73617 </DOCNO>
Effects of Flavor-dependent $q\bar{q}$ Annihilation on the Mixing Angle


  By incorporating the flavor-dependent quark-antiquark annihilation amplitude
into the mass-squared matrix describing the mixing of the isoscalar states of a
meson nonet, the new version of Schwinger's nonet mass formula which holds with
a high accuracy for the $0^{-+}$, $1^{--}$, $2^{++}$, $2^{-+}$ and $3^{--}$
nonets is derived and the mixing angle of isoscalar octet-singlet for these
nonets is obtained. In particular, the mixing angle of isoscalar octet-singlet
for pseudoscalar nonet is determined to take the value of $-12.92^\circ$, which
is in agreement with the value of $-13^\circ\sim-17^\circ$ deduced from a
rather exhaustive and up-to-date analysis of data. It is also pointed out that
the omission of the flavor-dependent $q\bar{q}$ annihilation effect might be a
factor resulting in the invalidity of Schwinger's original nonet mass formula
for pseudoscalar nonet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86557 </DOCNO>
Spacetime Defects: von K\'arm\'an vortex street like configurations


  A special arrangement of spinning strings with dislocations similar to a von
K\'arm\'an vortex street is studied. We numerically solve the geodesic
equations for the special case of a test particle moving along twoinfinite rows
of pure dislocations and also discuss the case of pure spinning defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114423 </DOCNO>
A Bayesian Approach for the Determination of the Charge Density from


  The problem of the determination of the charge density from limited
information about the charge form factor is an ill-posed inverse problem. A
Bayesian probabilistic approach to this problem which permits to take into
account both errors and prior information about the solution is presented. We
will show that many classical methods can be considered as special cases of the
proposed approach. We address also the problem of the basis function choice for
the discretization and the uncertainty of the solution. Some numerical results
for an analytical model are presented to show the performance of the proposed
method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4067 </DOCNO>
Cluster expansion for dimerized spin systems


  We have studied dimerized spin systems by realizing the cluster expansion to
high order. We have extended our previous dimer expansion for one-dimensional
systems to cover weakly interacting chains for a quantitative description of
three dimensional materials like PHCC and KCuCl_3. By comparison with recent
inelastic neutron scattering data we are able to determine the exchange
energies between individual spins. We have further investigated the
incommensurate region of zigzag chains with isotropic exchange coupling
constants near the disorder-line where the dispersion curve exhibits a minimum
at a finite wavevector. Our approach clearly shows the gradual transition
between the minimum of the dispersion at wavevector 0 and wavevector Pi within
this region. The extent of the incommensurate regime is given analytically in
an expansion in the coupling constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148852 </DOCNO>
The Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Topological AdS-Schwarzschild Black Holes


  We consider the brane universe in the background of the topological
AdS-Schwarzschild black holes. The induced geometry of the brane is that of a
flat or an open radiation dominated FRW-universe. Just like the case of a
closed radiation dominated FRW-universe, the temperature and entropy are simply
expressed in terms of the Hubble parameter and its time derivative when the
brane crosses the black hole horizon. We propose the modified Cardy-Verlinde
formula which is valid for any values of the curvature parameter k in the
Friedmann equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 615 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects in the quasiparticle structure of the ferromagnetic


  A new ``Dynamical Mean-field theory'' based approach for the Kondo lattice
model with quantum spins is introduced. The inspection of exactly solvable
limiting cases and several known approximation methods, namely the second-order
perturbation theory, the self-consistent CPA and finally a moment-conserving
decoupling of the equations of motion help in evaluating the new approach. This
comprehensive investigation gives some certainty to our results: Whereas our
method is somewhat limited in the investigation of the J<0-model, the results
for J>0 reveal important aspects of the physics of the model: The energetically
lowest states are not completely spin-polarized.A band splitting, which occurs
already for relatively low interaction strengths, can be related to distinct
elementary excitations, namely magnon emission (absorption) and the formation
of magnetic polarons. We demonstrate the properties of the ferromagnetic Kondo
lattice model in terms of spectral densities and quasiparticle densities of
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1154 </DOCNO>
Low-energy excitations in NaV2O5


  In the (ab) polarized Raman scattering spectra of NaV2O5 single crystals,
measured with 647.1 nm laser line at T < Tc, we found two modes at 86, and 126
cm-1 not previously reported. These two modes, together with 66, and 106 cm-1
modes, make an array of four low-energy equidistant modes below the energy
onset of the continuum at about 132 cm-1. All four modes are strongly
suppressed by increasing Na deficiency, indicating their nonvibrational origin
and the existence of a quantum phase transition at critical Na deficiency
between 3 and 4%. These results question current understanding of NaV2O5 as
quasi one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73918 </DOCNO>
Particle Horizon and Warped Phenomenology


  Giant resonances of gravity Kaluza-Klein modes (with tensor couplings) in
high energy collisions are expected in the Randall-Sundrum orbifold model that
incorporates a plausible solution to the hierarchy problem. When the model is
extended to incorporate an exponentially small 4-D cosmological constant, the
KK spectrum becomes continuous, even in the compactified case. This is due to
the presence of a particle horizon, which provides a way to evade Weinberg's
argument of the need of fine-tuning to get a very small cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73464 </DOCNO>
Reviving the energy independent suppression of the solar neutrino flux


  We explore the possibility of an energy independent suppression of the solar
neutrino flux in the context of the recent SuperKamiokande data. From a global
analysis of the rate and spectrum data, this scenario is allowed at only 14%
probability with the observed Cl rate. If we allow for a 20% upward
renormalisation of the Cl rate along with a downward renormalisation of the $B$
neutrino flux then the fit improves considerably to a probability of $\sim
50%$. We compare the quality of these fits with those of the MSW solutions.
These renormalisations are also found to improve the quality of the fits with
MSW solutions and enlarge the allowed region of their validity in the parameter
space substantially. Over much of this enlarged region the matter effects on
the suppression of the solar neutrino flux are found to be very weak, so that
the solutions become practically energy independent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149984 </DOCNO>
Superfield approach to a novel symmetry for non-Abelian gauge theory


  In the framework of superfield formalism, we demonstrate the existence of a
new local, covariant, continuous and nilpotent (dual-BRST) symmetry for the
BRST invariant Lagrangian density of a self-interacting two ($1 +
1$)-dimensional (2D) non-Abelian gauge theory (having no interaction with
matter fields). The local and nilpotent Noether conserved charges corresponding
to the above continuous symmetries find their geometrical interpretation as the
translation generators along the odd (Grassmannian) directions of the four ($2
+ 2)$-dimensional compact supermanifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128436 </DOCNO>
The subsurface radial gradient of solar angular velocity from MDI f-mode


  We report quantitative analysis of the radial gradient of solar angular
velocity at depths down to about 15 Mm below the solar surface for latitudes up
to 75 degree using the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) observations of surface
gravity waves (f modes) from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO). A
negative outward gradient of around -400 nHz/R, equivalent to logarithmic
gradient of the rotation frequency with respect to radius which is very close
to -1, is found to be remarkably constant between the equator and 30 degree of
latitude. Above 30 degree it decreases in absolute magnitude to a very small
value at around 50 degree. At higher latitudes the gradient may reverse its
sign: if so this reversal takes place in a thin layer extending only 5 Mm
beneath the visible surface, as evidenced by the most superficial modes (with
degrees l>250). The signature of the torsional oscillations is seen in this
layer, but no other significant temporal variations of the gradient and value
of the rotation rate there are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83541 </DOCNO>
Open Archives Initiative protocol development and implementation at


  I outline the involvement of the Los Alamos e-print archive (arXiv) within
the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and describe the implementation of the data
provider side of the OAI protocol v1.0. I highlight the ways in which we map
the existing structure of arXiv onto elements of the protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168451 </DOCNO>
Robust control in the quantum domain


  Recent progress in quantum physics has made it possible to perform
experiments in which individual quantum systems are monitored and manipulated
in real time. The advent of such new technical capabilities provides strong
motivation for the development of theoretical and experimental methodologies
for quantum feedback control. The availability of such methods would enable
radically new approaches to experimental physics in the quantum realm.
Likewise, the investigation of quantum feedback control will introduce crucial
new considerations to control theory, such as the uniquely quantum phenomena of
entanglement and measurement back-action. The extension of established analysis
techniques from control theory into the quantum domain may also provide new
insight into the dynamics of complex quantum systems. We anticipate that the
successful formulation of an input-output approach to the analysis and
reduction of large quantum systems could have very general applications in
non-equilibrium quantum statistical mechanics and in the nascent field of
quantum information theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74661 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Spectra of $J/\psi$ and $\psi^{\prime}$ Mesons from


  Recent results on transverse mass spectra of $J/\psi$ and $\psi^{\prime}$
mesons in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A$\cdot$GeV are considered. It is
shown that those results support a hypothesis of statistical production of
charmonia at hadronization and suggest the early thermal freeze--out of
$J/\psi$ and $\psi^{\prime}$ mesons. Based on this approach the collective
transverse velocity of hadronizing quark gluon plasma is estimated to be
$<v^H_T> \approx 0.2$. Predictions for transverse mass spectra of hidden and
open charm mesons at SPS and RHIC are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124996 </DOCNO>
On The Parent Population of Radio Galaxies and the FRI - FRII Dichotomy


  We test the hypothesis that radio galaxies are a random subset of otherwise
normal elliptical galaxies. Starting with the observed optical luminosity
functions for elliptical galaxies, we show that the probability of an
elliptical forming a radio source is a continuous, increasing function of
optical luminosity, proportional to L squared. With this probability function
and the luminosity function of normal elliptical galaxies as input to Monte
Carlo simulations, we reproduce the observed distribution of radio galaxies in
the radio-optical luminosity plane. Our results show that radio galaxies are a
luminosity-biased but otherwise random sample of elliptical galaxies. This
unified view of radio-loud and radio-quiet ellipticals also explains the well
known difference of ~0.5 mag in average optical luminosity between FRI and FRII
radio galaxies as a simple selection effect. Specifically, FRII appear
preferentially in smaller galaxies because both radio and optical luminosity
functions are steep, so there is a negligible probability of observing a
powerful radio source associated with a bright galaxy; no intrinsic physical
differences between FRI and FRII host galaxies are required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150157 </DOCNO>
Moduli Space and Scattering of D0-Branes in Noncommutative Super


  We study the moduli space of the D0-brane system on Dp-branes realized in the
noncommutative super Yang-Mills theory. By examining the fluctuations around
the solitonic solutions generated by solution generating technique, we confirm
the interpretation of the moduli as the positions of D0-branes on Dp-branes.
Low-energy scattering process is also examined for two D0-branes. We find that
the D0-branes scatter at right angle for head-on collision in the D0-D4 system.
For D0-D6 and D0-D8 systems we find special solutions which reduce to the D0-D4
case, giving the same behavior. This suggests that the scattering at right
angle for head-on collision is a universal behavior of this kind of soliton
scatterings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127627 </DOCNO>
Washington Photometry of New Globular Clusters in M31


  We present a progress report on Washington photometry of several hundred new
globular cluster (GC) candidates in M31 which were recently found from our new
CCD survey of GCs. Washington CMT1 filters we used are very efficient to survey
extragalactic GCs and to estimate the metallicity of GCs. Preliminary
color-magnitude diagrams and color-color diagrams of the new GC candidates and
known GCs in M31 are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6420 </DOCNO>
Superfluidity vs Bose-Einstein condensation in a Bose gas with disorder


  We investigate the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity
in a Bose gas at zero temperature with disorder. By using the Diffusion
Monte-Carlo method we calculate the superfluid and the condensate fraction of
the system as a function of density and strength of disorder. In the regime of
weak disorder we find agreement with the analytical results obtained within the
Bogoliubov model. For strong disorder the system enters an unusual regime where
the superfluid fraction is smaller than the condensate fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74466 </DOCNO>
On the dbar/ubar Asymmetry and Parton Distributions


  We discuss the impact of different measurements of the dbar/ubar asymmetry in
the extraction of parameterizations of parton distribution functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5932 </DOCNO>
Self-Consistent Harmonic Oscillator Model and Tilted Rotation


  The three dimensional harmonic oscillator model including a cranking term is
used for an energy variational calculation. Energy minima are found under
variation of the three oscillator frequencies determining the shape of the
system for given values of the three components of the rotational vector which
determines the orientation of the angular momentum in the intrinsic frame.
Tilted rotations are established by numerical means for triaxial nuclei. The
onset of tilted rotations is related to an instability of the mean field as
verified by the random phase approximation. Analytic expressions are derived
for the critical rotational frequencies associated with the mean field
instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97609 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalues of an elliptic system


  We describe the spectrum of a non-self-adjoint elliptic system on a finite
interval. Under certain conditions we find that the eigenvalues form a discrete
set and converge asymptotically at infinity to one of several straight lines.
The eigenfunctions need not generate a basis of the relevant Hilbert space, and
the larger eigenvalues are extremely sensitive to small perturbations of the
operator. We show that the leading term in the spectral asymptotics is closely
related to a certain convex polygon, and that the spectrum does not determine
the operator up to similarity. Two elliptic systems which only differ in their
boundary conditions may have entirely different spectral asymptotics. While our
study makes no claim to generality, the results obtained will have to be
incorporated into any future general theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98170 </DOCNO>
Recursive Fermion System in Cuntz Algebra.I -- Embeddings of Fermion


  Embeddings of the CAR (canonical anticommutation relations) algebra of
fermions into the Cuntz algebra ${\cal O}_2$ (or ${\cal O}_{2d}$ more
generally) are presented by using recursive constructions. As a typical
example, an embedding of CAR onto the U(1)-invariant subalgebra of ${\cal O}_2$
is constructed explicitly. Generalizing this construction to the case of ${\cal
O}_{2^p}$, an embedding of CAR onto the U(1)-invariant subalgebra of ${\cal
O}_{2^p}$ is obtained. Restricting a permutation representation of the Cuntz
algebra, we obtain the Fock representation of CAR. We apply the results to
embed the algebra of parafermions of order $p$ into ${\cal O}_{2^p}$ according
to the Green's ansatz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128797 </DOCNO>
Host galaxies of AGN


  The relationship of an AGN to its host galaxy is a crucial question in the
study of galaxy evolution. We perform stellar population synthesis in the
central regions of galaxies of different activity levels. A large number of
stellar features are measured both in the optical and near-infrared. We find
the nuclear stellar population to be related to the level of activity. These
differences are no more conspicuous further away in the bulge of the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3407 </DOCNO>
Droplets in Disordered Metallic Quantum Critical Systems


  We present a field theory for a structurally disordered magnetic system
coupled to a metallic environment near a quantum critical point. We show that
close to the magnetic quantum critical point droplets are formed due to the
disorder and undergo dissipative quantum dynamics. We show that the problem has
a characteristic energy scale, the droplet Kondo temperature, that determines
the crossover energy scale from weak to strong coupling. Our results have
direct significance for the Griffiths-McCoy singularities of itinerant magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86429 </DOCNO>
Discrete fields and the Pioneer anomalous acceleration


  The dominant contributions from a discrete gravitational interaction produce
the standard potential as an effective continuous field. The sub-dominant
contributions are, in a first approximation, linear on n, the accumulated
number of (discrete) interaction events along the test-body trajectory. For a
nearly radial trajectory n is proportional to the traversed distance and its
effects may have been observed as the Pioneer anomalous constant radial
acceleration, which cannot be observed on the nearly circular planetary orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86041 </DOCNO>
Space missions to detect the cosmic gravitational-wave background


  It is thought that a stochastic background of gravitational waves was
produced during the formation of the universe. A great deal could be learned by
measuring this Cosmic Gravitational-wave Background (CGB), but detecting the
CGB presents a significant technological challenge. The signal strength is
expected to be extremely weak, and there will be competition from unresolved
astrophysical foregrounds such as white dwarf binaries. Our goal is to identify
the most promising approach to detect the CGB. We study the sensitivities that
can be reached using both individual, and cross-correlated pairs of space based
interferometers. Our main result is a general, coordinate free formalism for
calculating the detector response that applies to arbitrary detector
configurations. We use this general formalism to identify some promising
designs for a GrAvitational Background Interferometer (GABI) mission. Our
conclusion is that detecting the CGB is not out of reach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125088 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Dust Module for the ESA Meteoroid Model


  The ESA meteoroid model predicts impacts of meteoroids in the mass range
between $10^{-18}$ to $10^0$ g on spacecraft surfaces. It covers heliocentric
distances from 0.3 to 20 AU. Measurements of the dust detector on board the
highly successful joint ESA/NASA mission Ulysses have shown, that the flux of
meteoroids with masses between $10^{-15}$ and $10^{-12}$ g is, at least in the
outer Solar System, dominated by interstellar dust grains that traverse the
Solar System as it travels through the local interstellar cloud. We present a
simple semi-analytic interstellar dust model that can easily be included in the
ESA meteoroid model, together with a more precise determination of the flux
direction of the interstellar dust stream. The model is based on the assumption
that interstellar dust dynamics have two effects: solar gravitation and
radiation pressure determines the spatial distribution, and Lorentz-interaction
of the charged particles creates a temporal variation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7071 </DOCNO>
Magnetic phase diagram of the half-filled t-t'-Hubbard model -- finite-U


  The magnon propagator is evaluated in the AF (\pi,\pi,\pi) and the F-AF
(0,\pi,\pi) states at the RPA level, and the spin-fluctuation corrections are
compared. Transverse spin fluctuations are sharply enhanced by the frustration-
inducing NNN hopping t', reducing the zero-temperature AF order in two
dimensions, and the Neel temperature in three dimensions. The phase boundary
between the insulating AF and F-AF states is obtained in the full range of
interaction strength, indicating that the AF state is interestingly stabilized
with decreasing U.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3374 </DOCNO>
Simulation and Theory of the Impact of Two-Dimensional Elastic Disks


  The impact of a two-dimensional elastic disk with a wall is numerically
studied. It is clarified that the coefficient of restitution (COR) decreases
with the impact velocity. The result is not consistent with the recent
quasi-static theory of inelastic collisions even for very slow impact. This
suggests that the elastic model cannot be used in the quasi-static limit. A new
quasi-static theory of impacts is proposed, in which the effect of thermal
diffusion is dominant.
 The abrupt decrease of COR has been found due to the plastic deformation of
the disk, which is assisted by the initial internal motion. (This paper is to
be published in Chemical Engineering Science.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41711 </DOCNO>
The new Magnetic Measurement System at the Advanced Photon Source


  A new system for precise measurements of the field integrals and multipole
components of the APS magnetic insertion devices is described. A stretched coil
is used to measure magnetic field characteristics. The hardware includes a
number of servomotors to move (translate or rotate) the coil and a fast data
acquisition board to measure the coil signal. A PC under Linux is used as a
control workstation. The user interface is written as a Tcl/tk script. The
hardware is accessed from the script through a shared C-library. A description
of the hardware system and the control program is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168324 </DOCNO>
Mutually complementary and compatible binary measurements on N qubits


  We define mutually complementary observable sets for N qubits via the
operational requirement that a state with a definite outcome for one set of
(commuting) binary observables must give completely random results in all other
sets. The bases formed by the eigenvectors of such complementary sets are
mutually unbiased. We prove that the full set of 4^N-1 Pauli operator products
may be partitioned into 2^N+1 distinct sets, each set consisting of 2^N-1
internally commuting observables. Furthermore we prove that each such
partitioning defines a unique choice of 2^N+1 mutually unbiased bases. Examples
for 2 and 3 qubit systems are discussed with emphasis on the nature and amount
of entanglement that occurs within these basis sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86603 </DOCNO>
New hairy black holes with negative cosmological constant


  Black hole solutions with nonspherical event horizon topology are shown to
exist in an Einstein-Yang-Mills theory with negative cosmological constant. The
main characteristics of the solutions are presented and differences with
respect to the spherically symmetric case are studied. The stability of these
configurations is also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2677 </DOCNO>
Cyclotron resonance harmonics in the organic superconductor


  Cyclotron resonance, along with its second and third harmonics, has been
observed in the quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductor
$\beta^{\prime\prime}$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$SF$_5$CH$_2$CF$_2$SO$_3$. The harmonic
content is richly angle-dependent, and is interpreted in terms of the
interlayer warping of the Fermi surface giving rise to the cyclotron resonance.
In a departure from Kohn's theorem, but in agreement with recent theoretical
predictions, the effective mass deduced from the cyclotron resonance
measurements is greater than that determined from magnetic quantum
oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81150 </DOCNO>
Understanding Hadron Structure Using Lattice QCD


  Numerical evaluation of the path integral for QCD on a discrete space-time
lattice has been used to calculate ground state matrix elements specifying
moments of quark density and spin distributions. This talk will explain how
these matrix elements have been calculated in full QCD using dynamical quarks,
show how physical extrapolation to the chiral limit including the physics of
the pion cloud resolves previous apparent conflicts with experiment, and
describe the computational resources required for a definitive comparison with
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96072 </DOCNO>
Stability and attractivity for a class of dissipative phenomena


  We consider initial-boundary-value problems for a class of nonlinear third
order equations having non-autonomous forcing terms and get new asymptotic
stability results by means of the Liapunov second method. The class includes
equations arising in Superconductor Theory, Quantum Mechanics and in the Theory
of Viscoelastic Materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41006 </DOCNO>
A supersymmetric solution to the bottom-quark cross section anomaly


  In this talk, I describe a supersymmetric solution to the long-standing
discrepancy between the bottom-quark production cross section and predictions
of perturbative quantum chromodynamics. Pair production of light gluinos, of
mass 12-16 GeV, with two-body decays into bottom quarks and bottom squarks, of
mass 2-5.5 GeV, yields the correct normalizations and shapes of the measured
bottom-quark distributions. One prediction of this scenario is that like-sign B
mesons, B+B+ and B-B-, should be produced with a measurable rate at the next
run of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97807 </DOCNO>
The Haar measure on some locally compact quantum groups


  The Haar measure on some locally compact quantum groups is constructed. The
main example we treat is the az+b-group of Woronowicz. We also briefly consider
some other examples (like the ax+b-group). We get the first examples of a
locally compact quantum group where the Haar measure is not invariant with
respect to the scaling group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125802 </DOCNO>
The loss-cone problem in dense nuclei


  We address the classical problem of star accretion onto a supermassive
central gaseous object in a galactic nucleus. The resulting supermassive
central gas-star object is assumed to be located at the centre of a dense
stellar system for which we use a simplified model consisting of a Plummer
model with an embedded density cusp using stellar point masses. From the number
of stars belonging to the loss-cone, which plunge onto the central object on
elongated orbits from outside, we estimate the accretion rate taking into
account a possible anisotropy of the surrounding stellar distribution. The
total heating rate in the supermassive star due to the loss-cone stars plunging
onto it is estimated. This semi-analytical study, revisiting and expanding
classical paper's work, is a starting point of future work on a more detailed
study of early evolutionary phases of galactic nuclei.
 It merits closer examination, because it is one of the key features for the
link between cosmology and galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174701 </DOCNO>
Simple relations among E2 matrix elements of low-lying collective states


  A method is developed to derive simple relations among the reduced matrix
elements of the quadrupole operator between low-lying collective states. As an
example, the fourth order scalars of Q are considered. The accuracy and
validity of the proposed relations is checked for the ECQF Hamiltonian of the
IBM-1 in the whole parameter space of the Casten triangle. Furthermore these
relations are successfully tested for low-lying collective states in nuclei for
which all relevant data is available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76098 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Changing Neutral Current Processes at Lepton-Hadron


  We investigate the potentials of high energy lepton-proton colliders to
detect a flavor changing $l-l^{\prime}-Z$ or $l-l^{\prime}-\gamma$ couplings
from the processes $ep\to\mu(\tau)X$ and $\mu p\to \tau X$. For the
$l-l^{\prime}-Z$ coupling we consider string inspired $E_6$ model whereas
$l-l^{\prime}-\gamma$ coupling is analyzed in the framework of anomalous
magnetic moment type interaction (AMMI) model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1640 </DOCNO>
Analytical and numerical investigation of escape rate for a noise driven


  We consider a system-reservoir model where the reservoir is modulated by an
external noise. Both the internal noise of the reservoir and the external noise
are stationary, Gaussian and are characterized by arbitrary decaying
correlation functions. Based on a relation between the dissipation of the
system and the response function of the reservoir driven by external noise we
numerically examine the model using a full bistable potential to show that one
can recover the turn-over features of the usual Kramers' dynamics when the
external noise modulates the reservoir rather than the system directly. We
derive the generalized Kramers' rate for this nonequilibrium open system. The
theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3028 </DOCNO>
La-site shift as probe for Jahn-Teller effect


  We observe two consecutive transitions in La1-xCaxMnO3, x=0.19: ferromagnetic
ordering at Tc = 177 K and Jahn-Teller orbital ordering at T_JT = 150 K. The
presence of a ferromagnetic insulating state below T_JT shows that the metallic
phase is bound by ferromagnetic and Jahn- Teller ordering, and not induced by a
critical doping concentration. The A-site shift is found to be a good indicator
of Jahn-Teller ordering. Furthermore, the A-site shift does not disapppear
above T_JT, indicating a dynamical behaviour of the distorted MnO6 octahedra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76623 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative bound on high multiplicity cross sections in phi^4_3


  We have looked for evidence of large cross sections at large multiplicities
in weakly coupled scalar field theory in three dimensions. We use spectral
function sum rules to derive bounds on total cross sections where the sum can
be expresed in terms of a quantity which can be measured by Monte Carlo
simulation in Euclidean space. We find that high multiplicity cross sections
remain small for energies and multiplicities for which large effects had been
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96950 </DOCNO>
On the structure of weak Hopf algebras


  We study the group of group-like elements of a weak Hopf algebra and derive
an analogue of Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode S, which
implies that the antipode has a finite order modulo a trivial automorphism. We
find a sufficient condition in terms of Tr(S^2) for a weak Hopf algebra to be
semisimple, discuss relation between semisimplicity and cosemisimplicity, and
apply our results to show that a dynamical twisting deformation of a semisimple
Hopf algebra is cosemisimple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76767 </DOCNO>
Massive relic neutrinos in the galactic halo and the knee in the cosmic


  Despite many efforts to find a reasonable explanation, the origin of the
"knee" in the cosmic ray spectrum at energy around 10**15.5 eV remains
mysterious. In this letter we suggest that the "knee" may be due to a GZK-like
effect of cosmic rays interacting with massive neutrinos in the galactic halo.
Simple kinematics connects the location of the "knee" with the mass of the
neutrinos, and, while the required interaction cross section is larger than
that predicted by the Standard Model, it can be accommodated by a small
neutrino magnetic dipole moment. The values for the neutrino parameters
obtained from the analysis of existing experimental data are compatible with
present laboratory bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128068 </DOCNO>
Interferometric Mapping of Magnetic Fields in Star-forming Regions II.


  We present the first interferometric polarization maps of the NGC2024 FIR5
molecular core obtained with the BIMA array at approximately 2 arcsec
resolution. We measure an average position angle of -60+-6 degrees in the main
core of FIR5 and 54+-9 degrees in the eastern wing of FIR5. The morphology of
the polarization angles in the main core of FIR5 suggests that the field lines
are parabolic with a symmetry axis approximately parallel to the major axis of
the putative disk in FIR5, which is consistent with the theoretical scenario
that the gravitational collapse pulled the field lines into an hour-glass
shape. The polarization percentage decreases toward regions with high intensity
and close to the center of the core, suggesting that the dust alignment
efficiency may decrease at high density. The plane-of-sky field strength can be
estimated with the modified Chandrasekhar-Fermi formula, and the small
dispersion of the polarization angles in FIR5 suggests that the magnetic field
is strong ($\gtrsim$ 2mG) and perhaps dominates the turbulent motions in the
core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76898 </DOCNO>
Alternative approach to $b->s \gamma$ in the uMSSM


  The gluino contributions to the $C'_{7,8}$ Wilson coefficients for $b->s
\gamma$ are calculated within the unconstrained MSSM. New stringent bounds on
the $\delta^{RL}_{23}$ and $\delta^{RR}_{23}$ mass insertion parameters are
obtained in the limit in which the SM and SUSY contributions to $C_{7,8}$
approximately cancel. Such a cancellation can plausibly appear within several
classes of SUSY breaking models in which the trilinear couplings exhibit a
factorized structure proportional to the Yukawa matrices. Assuming this
cancellation takes place, we perform an analysis of the $b->s \gamma$ decay. We
show that in a supersymmetric world such an alternative is reasonable and it is
possible to saturate the $b->s \gamma$ branching ratio and produce a CP
asymmetry of up to 20%, from only the gluino contribution to $C'_{7,8}$
coefficients. Using photon polarization a LR asymmetry can be defined that in
principle allows for the $C_{7,8}$ and $C'_{7,8}$ contributions to the $b->s
\gamma$ decay to be disentangled. In this scenario no constraints on the ``sign
of $\mu$'' can be derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5186 </DOCNO>
Microwave Conductivity due to Scattering from Extended Linear Defects in


  Recent microwave conductivity measurements of detwinned, high-purity,
slightly overdoped YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.993}$ crystals reveal a linear
temperature dependence and a near-Drude lineshape for temperatures between 1
and 20 K and frequencies ranging from 1 to 75 GHz. Prior theoretical work has
shown that simple models of scattering by point defects (impurities) in d-wave
superconductors are inconsistent with these results. It has therefore been
suggested that scattering by extended defects such as twin boundary remnants,
left over from the detwinning process, may also be important. We calculate the
self-energy and microwave conductivity in the self-consistent Born
approximation (including vertex corrections) for a d-wave superconductor in the
presence of scattering from extended linear defects. We find that in the
experimentally relevant limit ($\Omega, 1/\tau \ll T \ll \Delta_{0}$), the
resulting microwave conductivity has a linear temperature dependence and a
near-Drude frequency dependence that agrees well with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128307 </DOCNO>
The population of galaxies in the forming cluster around the radio


  We have recently discovered a forming cluster around the radio galaxy MRC
1138-262 at redshift 2.2. Besides the population of Ly alpha emitting galaxies
that have been confirmed spectroscopically, we have detected many candidate H
alpha emitters that seem to have a different spatial distribution from the
other galaxies: they are more clustered towards the center of the cluster and
seem to be distributed along the same direction as the radio source. We present
here the characteristics of the Ly alpha and H alpha emitters and study the
nature of these populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124293 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Friction in dE Globular Cluster Systems


  The dynamical friction timescale for globular clusters to sink to the center
of a dwarf elliptical galaxy (dE) is significantly less than a Hubble time if
the halos have King-model or isothermal profiles and the globular clusters
formed with the same radial density profile as the underlying stellar
population. We examine the summed radial distribution of the entire globular
cluster systems and the bright globular cluster candidates in 51 Virgo and
Fornax Cluster dEs for evidence of dynamical friction processes. We find that
the summed distribution of the entire globular cluster population closely
follows the exponential profile of the underlying stellar population. However,
there is a deficit of bright clusters within the central regions of dEs
(excluding the nuclei), perhaps due to the orbital decay of these massive
clusters into the dE cores. We also predict the magnitude of each dE's nucleus
assuming the nuclei form via dynamical friction. The observed trend of
decreasing nuclear luminosity with decreasing dE luminosity is much stronger
than predicted if the nuclei formed via simple dynamical friction processes. We
find that the bright dE nuclei could have been formed from the merger of
orbitally decayed massive clusters, but the faint nuclei are several magnitudes
fainter than expected. These faint nuclei are found primarily in M_V > -14 dEs
which have high globular cluster specific frequencies and extended globular
cluster systems. In these galaxies, supernovae-driven winds, high central dark
matter densities, extended dark matter halos, the formation of new star
clusters, or tidal interactions may act to prevent dynamical friction from
collapsing the entire globular cluster population into a single bright nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3359 </DOCNO>
Effect of intersubband scattering on weak localization in 2D systems


  The theory of weak localization is generalized for multilevel 2D systems
taking into account intersubband scattering. It is shown that weak intersubband
scattering which is negligible in a classical transport, affects strongly the
weak-localization correction to conductivity. The anomalous magnetoresistance
is calculated in the whole range of classically low magnetic fields. This
correction to conductivity is shown to depend strongly on the ratios of
occupied level concentrations. It is demonstrated that at relatively low
population of the excited subband, it is necessary to use the present theory
because the high-field limit asimptotics is shown to be achieved only in
classical magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167 </DOCNO>
Surface Phase Diagrams for Wetting on Heterogenous Substrates


  We propose a simplified description of fluid adsorption on heterogenenous
micropatterned substrates. Using this approach, we are able to rederive results
obtained earlier using effective interfacial Hamiltonian methods and predict a
number of new examples of surface phase behaviour for both singly and
periodically striped substrates. In particular, we show that, for a singly
striped system, the manner in which the locus of surface unbending phase
transitions approaches the pre-wetting line of the infinite pure system, in the
limit of large stripe widths, is non-trivial and sensitive to several
characteristic lengthscales and competing free-energies. For periodic
substrates, we investigate finite-size deviations from Cassie's law for the
wetting temperature of the heterogeneous system when the domain sizes are
mesoscopic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5668 </DOCNO>
Pressure-induced metallization in solid boron


  Different phases of solid boron under high pressure are studied by first
principles calculations. The $\alpha$-B$_{12}$ structure is found to be stable
up to 270 GPa. Its semiconductor band gap (1.72 eV) decreases continuously to
zero around 160 GPa, where the material transforms to a weak metal. The
metallicity, as measured by the density of states at the Fermi level, enhances
as the pressure is further increased. The pressure-induced metallization can be
attributed to the enhanced boron-boron interactions that cause bands overlap.
These results are consist with the recently observed metallization and the
associated superconductivity of bulk boron under high pressure (M.I.Eremets et
al, Science{\bf 293}, 272(2001)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3781 </DOCNO>
Significance of log-periodic precursors to financial crashes


  We clarify the status of log-periodicity associated with speculative bubbles
preceding financial crashes. In particular, we address Feigenbaum's [2001]
criticism and show how it can be rebuked. Feigenbaum's main result is as
follows: ``the hypothesis that the log-periodic component is present in the
data cannot be rejected at the 95% confidence level when using all the data
prior to the 1987 crash; however, it can be rejected by removing the last year
of data.'' (e.g., by removing 15% of the data closest to the critical point).
We stress that it is naive to analyze a critical point phenomenon, i.e., a
power law divergence, reliably by removing the most important part of the data
closest to the critical point. We also present the history of log-periodicity
in the present context explaining its essential features and why it may be
important. We offer an extension of the rational expectation bubble model for
general and arbitrary risk-aversion within the general stochastic discount
factor theory. We suggest guidelines for using log-periodicity and explain how
to develop and interpret statistical tests of log-periodicity. We discuss the
issue of prediction based on our results and the evidence of outliers in the
distribution of drawdowns. New statistical tests demonstrate that the 1% to 10%
quantile of the largest events of the population of drawdowns of the Nasdaq
composite index and of the Dow Jones Industrial Average index belong to a
distribution significantly different from the rest of the population. This
suggests that very large drawdowns result from an amplification mechanism that
may make them more predictable than smaller market moves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2768 </DOCNO>
Observation of a new phase transition between fully and partially


  The average electron spin-polarization $\cal P$ of two-dimensional electron
gas confined in $\rm GaAs/GaAlAs$ multiple quantum-wells was measured by
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) near the fractional quantum Hall state with
filling factor $\nu={2/3}$. Above this filling factor (${{2/3}} \leq \nu <
0.85$), a strong depolarization is observed corresponding to two spin flips per
additional flux quantum. The most remarkable behavior of the polarization is
observed at $\nu ={{2/3}}$, where a quantum phase transition from a partially
polarized (${\cal P} \approx {{3/4}}$) to a fully polarized (${\cal P} = 1$)
state can be driven by increasing the ratio between the Zeeman and the Coulomb
energy above a critical value $\eta_{c} = \frac{\Delta_{Z}}{\Delta_{C}} =
0.0185$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 727 </DOCNO>
Extremal statistics in the energetics of domain walls


  We study at T=0 the minimum energy of a domain wall and its gap to the first
excited state concentrating on two-dimensional random-bond Ising magnets. The
average gap scales as $\Delta E_1 \sim L^\theta f(N_z)$, where $f(y) \sim [\ln
y]^{-1/2}$, $\theta$ is the energy fluctuation exponent, $L$ length scale, and
$N_z$ the number of energy valleys. The logarithmic scaling is due to extremal
statistics, which is illustrated by mapping the problem into the
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang roughening process. It follows that the susceptibility of
domain walls has also a logarithmic dependence on system size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75104 </DOCNO>
Parton distributions from lattice QCD


  We extract the x dependence of the nonsinglet u-d distribution function in
the nucleon from the lowest few moments calculated on the lattice, using an
extrapolation formula which ensures the correct behavior in the chiral and
heavy quark limits. We discuss the implications for the quark mass dependence
of meson masses lying on the J(PC)=1(--) Regge trajectory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 716 </DOCNO>
Quantum computing with spin qubits in semiconductor structures


  We survey recent work on designing and evaluating quantum computing
implementations based on nuclear or bound-electron spins in semiconductor
heterostructures at low temperatures and in high magnetic fields. General
overview is followed by a summary of results of our theoretical calculations of
decoherence time scales and spin-spin interactions. The latter were carried out
for systems for which the two-dimensional electron gas provides the dominant
carrier for spin dynamics via exchange of spin-excitons in the integer quantum
Hall regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168748 </DOCNO>
Quantum neural network


  It is suggested that a quantum neural network (QNN), a type of artificial
neural network, can be built using the principles of quantum information
processing. The input and output qubits in the QNN can be implemented by
optical modes with different polarization, the weights of the QNN can be
implemented by optical beam splitters and phase shifters

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148900 </DOCNO>
QCD, Wick's Theorem for KdV $\tau$-functions and the String Equation


  Two consistency conditions for partition functions established by Akemann and
Dam-gaard in their studies of the fermionic mass dependence of the QCD
partition function at low energy ({\it a la} Leutwiller-Smilga-Verbaarschot)
are interpreted in terms of integrable hierarchies. Their algebraic relation is
shown to be a consequence of Wick's theorem for 2d fermionic correlators
(Hirota identities) in the special case of the 2-reductions of the KP hierarchy
(that is KdV/mKdV). The consistency condition involving derivatives is an
incarnation of the string equation associated with the particular matrix model
(the particular kind of the Kac-Schwarz operator).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125846 </DOCNO>
2016+112: A Gravitationally Lensed Type-II Quasar


  A single-screen model of the gravitational lens system 2016+112 is proposed,
that explains recent Hubble Space Telescope} (HST) infrared (NICMOS-F160W)
observations and new high-resolution European VLBI Network (EVN) 5-GHz radio
observations, presented in this paper. In particular, we find that a massive
`dark' structure at the lens position, previously suggested by X-ray, optical
and spectroscopic observations of the field around 2016+112, is not necessarily
required to accommodate the strong lensing constraints. A massive structure to
the north-west of the lens system, suggested from a weak-lensing analysis of
the field, is included in the model. The lensed source is an X-ray bright
active galaxy at z=3.273 with a central bright optical continuum core and
strong narrow emission lines, suggestive of a type-II quasar. The EVN 5-GHz
radio maps show a radio-jet structure with at least two compact subcomponents.
We propose that the diamond caustic crosses the counter-jet of the radio
source, so that part of the counter-jet, host galaxy and narrow-line emission
regions are quadruply imaged. The remainder of the radio source, including the
core, is doubly imaged. Our lens model predicts a very high magnification
(mu~300) at the bightness peaks of the inner two radio components of complex C.
If the jet exhibits relativistic velocities on micro-arsecond scales, it might
result in apparent hyperluminal motion. However, the lack of strong radio
variability and the peaked radio spectrum imply that these motions need not be
present in the source. Our model furthermore implies that the optical spectrum
of C' can only show features of the AGN and its host galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2870 </DOCNO>
Collective dynamics of two-mode stochastic oscillators


  We study a system of two-mode stochastic oscillators coupled through their
collective output. As a function of a relevant parameter four qualitatively
distinct regimes of collective behavior are observed. In an extended region of
the parameter space the periodicity of the collective output is enhanced by the
considered coupling. This system can be used as a new model to describe
synchronization-like phenomena in systems of units with two or more oscillation
modes. The model can also explain how periodic dynamics can be generated by
coupling largely stochastic units. Similar systems could be responsible for the
emergence of rhythmic behavior in complex biological or sociological systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97558 </DOCNO>
The global quantum duality principle: theory, examples, applications


  The "quantum duality principle" states that a quantisation of a Lie bialgebra
provides also a quantisation of the dual formal Poisson group and, conversely,
a quantisation of a formal Poisson group yields a quantisation of the dual Lie
bialgebra as well. We extend this to a much more general result: namely, given
any principal ideal domain R, for each prime h in R we establish sort of an
"inner" Galois' correspondence on the category HA of torsionless Hopf algebras
over R, via the definition of two functors (from HA to itself) such that the
image of the first, resp. of the second, is the full subcategory of those Hopf
algebras which are commutative, resp. cocommutative, modulo h (i.e. they are
"quantum function algebras" (=QFA), resp. "quantum universal enveloping
algebras" (=QUEA), at h). In particular we provide a machine to get two quantum
groups - a QFA and a QUEA - out of any Hopf algebra H over a field k: just plug
in a parameter x and apply the functors to H[x] for h = x. Several relevant
examples are studied in full detail: the trivial quantisations, the semisimple
groups, the Euclidean group, the Heisenberg group, and the Kostant-Kirillov
structure on any Lie algebra; furthermore, an interesting application to
renormalisation theory in quantum electro-dynamics is studied, as a sample of
application of the principle to a quite large class of problems.
  This work is a far-reaching "evolution" of the same author's preprint "The
global quantum duality principle", math.QA/9912186: compared with that, the
present paper is entirely self-contained (in particular it is independent of
Drinfeld's "local version" of the principle), is more general from the
mathematical point of view, and contains additional examples and applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5516 </DOCNO>
Illumination of quantum Hall effect


  We show that illumination by continuous white radiation saturates the
population of levels so that some of the transitions are not observed. This
reduces the number of observable transitions so that the resolution of
transitions is improved. In the case of \nu = 11/2 the improved resolution
leads to clear observation of zero in the transverse resistivity which appears
as a finite resistivity in absence of saturating radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174637 </DOCNO>
HBT in Relativisitic Heavy Ion Collisions


  A summary of current interferometry data in relativistic heavy ions is
presented. At sqrt{s}=17GeV a sudden increase in the pion source volume is
observed for central PbPb collisions.
 This seems to imply that the pion phase density has reached a limit.
 The source size of different particles decreases with mass when the transverse
velocity is held constant but increases with mass when the transverse mass is
held constant. The antiproton source radius is larger than the proton source
radius. So far no long lived source has been seen. The pion source size varies
slowly with rapidity but more rapidly with transverse mass implying strong
transverse flow. There is very slow increase of pion radii with sqrt{s}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77049 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic b --> u decays: lepton invariant mass spectrum


  We compute O(alpha_s^2) QCD corrections to the lepton invariant mass spectrum
in the decay b --> u l nu_l, relevant for the determination of the CKM matrix
element |V_{ub}|. Our method can also be used to evaluate moments of the lepton
energy distribution with an O(alpha_s^2) accuracy. The abelian part of our
result gives the neutrino invariant mass spectrum in the muon decay and, upon
integration, the O(alpha^2) correction to the muon lifetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76822 </DOCNO>
Testing an approximation to large-Nc QCD with a toy model


  We consider a simple model of large-Nc QCD defined by a spectrum consisting
of an infinite set of equally spaced zero-width vector resonances. This model
is an excellent theoretical laboratory for investigating certain approximation
schemes which have been used recently in calculations of hadronic parameters,
such as the Minimal Hadronic Approximation. We also comment on some of the
questions concerning issues of local duality versus global duality and
finite-energy sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179180 </DOCNO>
HFB theory for nuclei near the drip-lines: continuum coupling


  We have developed a new HFB code that specifically addresses nuclear
structure physics near the driplines. The HFB equations are solved on a
two-dimensional lattice for axially symmetric even-even nuclei using B-Spline
techniques. The quasiparticle energy spectrum is obtained by direct
diagonalization of the HFB lattice Hamiltonian with LAPACK. The energy spectrum
extends high into the continuum, up to several thousand MeV. Calculations with
Skyrme forces and (density-dependent) delta pairing interactions are now
underway.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125423 </DOCNO>
A Re-examination of the Distribution of Galactic Free Electrons


  We present a list of 109 pulsars with independent distance information
compiled from the literature. Since the compilation of Frail & Weisberg, there
are 35 pulsars with new distance estimate and 25 pulsars for which the distance
or distance uncertainty have been revised. We used this data to fit a smooth,
axisymmetric, two disk model of the distribution of galactic electrons. The two
exponential model components have mean local midplane densities at the solar
circle of 2.03e-2 cm^-3 and 0.71e-2 cm^-3, and scale heights of 1.07 and 0.053
kpc. The thick component shows very little radial variation, while the second
has a radial scale length of only a few kiloparsecs. We also examined a model
which varies as sech^2(x), rather than exp(-x), in both the radial and vertical
direction. We prefer this model with no midplane cusp, but find that the fit
parameters essentially describe the same electron distribution. The distances
predicted by this distribution have a similar scatter as the more complex model
of Taylor & Cordes. We examine the pulsars that deviate strongly from this
model. There are two regions of enhanced dispersion measure, one of which
correlates well with the Sagittarius-Carina spiral arm. We find that the
scatter of the observed dispersion measure from the model is not fit well by
either a normal or log-normal distribution of lump sizes, but may be caused
instead by the uncertainties in the distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168828 </DOCNO>
A New Laser Cooling Concept for Molecular Translational Motion


  We propose a laser cooling concept for the translational motion of molecules
which does not require repeated spontaneous emission by each molecule. The
cooling works by repetition of three main steps: velocity selection of a narrow
momentum width, deceleration of velocity selected molecules and accumulation of
the decelerated molecules by an irreversible process, namely by single
spontaneous emission. We develop a cooling model which enables analytical
description of the transient populations and entropies for the total molecular
system, the center of mass degree of freedom and the internal degrees of
freedom. Simulation shows that the cooling process can reduce a large momentum
width to a final width which in principle can be arbitrarily small. Center of
mass entropy is reduced while the internal entropy is increased after cooling.
We show that translational cooling can occur during coherent laser
interactions. The entropies change in consistency with the Araki-Lieb
inequality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86811 </DOCNO>
On the possibility of an astronomical detection of chromaticity effects


  We study the colour changes induced by blending in a wormhole-like
microlensing scenario with extended sources. The results are compared with
those obtained for limb darkening. We assess the possibility of an actual
detection of the colour curve using the difference image analysis method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2270 </DOCNO>
A simple one-dimensional model of heat conduction which obeys Fourier's


  We present the computer simulation results of a chain of hard point particles
with alternating masses interacting on its extremes with two thermal baths at
different temperatures. We found that the system obeys Fourier's law at the
thermodynamic limit. This result is against the actual belief that one
dimensional systems with momentum conservative dynamics and nonzero pressure
have infinite thermal conductivity. It seems that thermal resistivity occurs in
our system due to a cooperative behavior in which light particles tend to
absorb much more energy than the heavier ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72631 </DOCNO>
Optimization of symbolic evaluation of helicity amplitudes


  We present a method for symbolic evaluation of Feynman amplitudes. We
construct special polarization basis for spinor particles which produces
compact expressions for tensor products of basis spinors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98498 </DOCNO>
K\"ahler-Einstein Metrics for some quasi smooth log del Pezzo Surfaces


  Recently Johnson and Koll\'ar determined the complete list of anticanonically
embedded quasi smooth log del Pezzo surfaces in weighted projective 3-spaces.
They also proved that many of those surfaces admit a K\"ahler-Einstein metric,
and that some of them do not have tigers. The aim of this paper is to settle
the question of the existence of K\"ahler-Einstein metrics and tigers for those
surfaces for which the question was still open. In order to do so, we will use
techniques developed earlier by Nadel and Demailly and Koll\'ar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127554 </DOCNO>
Secular evolution in the central regions of galaxies


  In this paper, I mention a few processes which may play a role in the
evolution of the central regions of galaxies. In this context, I briefly
discuss some issues regarding the formation of bulges in spirals, the role of
supermassive black holes, and the importance of nuclear density waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 834 </DOCNO>
Power Laws of Wealth, Market Order Volumes and Market Returns


  Using the Generalised Lotka Volterra (GLV) model adapted to deal with muti
agent systems we can investigate economic systems from a general viewpoint and
obtain generic features common to most economies. Assuming only weak generic
assumptions on capital dynamics, we are able to obtain very specific
predictions for the distribution of social wealth. First, we show that in a
'fair' market, the wealth distribution among individual investors fulfills a
power law. We then argue that 'fair play' for capital and minimal
socio-biological needs of the humans traps the economy within a power law
wealth distribution with a particular Pareto exponent $\alpha \sim 3/2$. In
particular we relate it to the average number of individuals L depending on the
average wealth: $\alpha \sim L/(L-1)$. Then we connect it to certain power
exponents characterising the stock markets. We obtain that the distribution of
volumes of the individual (buy and sell) orders follows a power law with
similar exponent $\beta \sim \alpha \sim 3/2$. Consequently, in a market where
trades take place by matching pairs of such sell and buy orders, the
corresponding exponent for the market returns is expected to be of order
$\gamma \sim 2 \alpha \sim 3$. These results are consistent with recent
experimental measurements of these power law exponents ([Maslov 2001] for
$\beta$ and [Gopikrishnan et al. 1999] for $\gamma$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41252 </DOCNO>
GUT Implications from Neutrino Mass


  An overview is given of the experimental neutrino mixing results and types of
neutrino models proposed, with special attention to the general features of
various GUT models involving intra-family symmetries and horizontal flavor
symmetries. Many of the features are then illustrated by a specific SO(10) SUSY
GUT model formulated by S.M. Barr and the author which can explain all four
types of solar neutrino mixing solutions by various choices of the right-handed
Majorana mass matrix. The quantitative nature of the model's large mixing angle
solution is used to compare the reaches of a neutrino super beam and a neutrino
factory for determining the small U_{e3} mixing matrix element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127631 </DOCNO>
Effects of Strong Magnetic Fields on the Neutron Star Structure


  We study the effects of strong magnetic fields on the neutron star structure.
If the interior field of a star is on the same order of the surface field
currently observed, the influences of the magnetic field on the star mass and
radius are negligible. If one assumes that the internal magnetic field can be
as large as that estimated from the scalar virial theorem, considerable effects
can be induced. The maximum mass of stars is arisen substantially while the
central density is largely suppressed. For two equal-mass stars the radius of
the magnetic star can be larger by about 10% $\sim$ 20% than the nonmagnetic
star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98743 </DOCNO>
The universal Euler characteristic for varieties of characteristic zero


  Using the weak factorization theorem we give a simple presentation for the
value group of the universal Euler characteristic with compact support for
varieties of characteristic zero and describe the value group of the universal
Euler characteristic of pairs. This gives a new proof for the existence of
natural Euler characteristics with values in the Grothendieck group of Chow
motives. A generalization of the presentation to the relative setting allows us
to define duality and the six operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84011 </DOCNO>
Next Generation EPICS Interface to Abstract Data


  The set of externally visible properties associated with process variables in
the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) is predefined in
the EPICS base distribution and is therefore not extensible by plug-compatible
applications. We believe that this approach, while practical for early versions
of the system with a smaller user base, is now severely limiting expansion of
the high-level application tool set for EPICS. To eliminate existing barriers,
we propose a new C++ based interface to abstract containerized data. This paper
describes the new interface, its application to message passing in distributed
systems, its application to direct communication between tightly coupled
programs co-resident in an address space, and its paramount position in an
emerging role for EPICS - the integration of dissimilar systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84043 </DOCNO>
Bayesian Logic Programs


  Bayesian networks provide an elegant formalism for representing and reasoning
about uncertainty using probability theory. Theyare a probabilistic extension
of propositional logic and, hence, inherit some of the limitations of
propositional logic, such as the difficulties to represent objects and
relations. We introduce a generalization of Bayesian networks, called Bayesian
logic programs, to overcome these limitations. In order to represent objects
and relations it combines Bayesian networks with definite clause logic by
establishing a one-to-one mapping between ground atoms and random variables. We
show that Bayesian logic programs combine the advantages of both definite
clause logic and Bayesian networks. This includes the separation of
quantitative and qualitative aspects of the model. Furthermore, Bayesian logic
programs generalize both Bayesian networks as well as logic programs. So, many
ideas developed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123845 </DOCNO>
Generating non-Gaussian maps with a given power spectrum and bispectrum


  We propose two methods for generating non-Gaussian maps with fixed power
spectrum and bispectrum. The first makes use of a recently proposed rigorous,
non-perturbative, Bayesian framework for generating non-Gaussian distributions.
The second uses a simple superposition of Gaussian distributions. The former is
best suited for generating mildly non-Gaussian maps, and we discuss in detail
the limitations of this method. The latter is better suited for the opposite
situation, i.e. generating strongly non-Gaussian maps. The ensembles produced
are isotropic and the power spectrum can be jointly fixed; however we cannot
set to zero all other higher order cumulants (an unavoidable mathematical
obstruction). We briefly quantify the leakage into higher order moments present
in our method. We finally present an implementation of our code within the
HEALPIX package

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149934 </DOCNO>
Strings in AdS_3 and the SL(2,R) WZW Model. Part 3: Correlation


  We consider correlation functions for string theory on AdS_3. We analyze
their singularities and we provide a physical interpretation for them. We
explain which worldsheet correlation functions have a sensible physical
interpretation in terms of the boundary theory. We consider the operator
product expansion of the four point function and we find that it factorizes
only if a certain condition is obeyed. We explain that this is the correct
physical result. We compute correlation functions involving spectral flowed
operators and we derive a constraint on the amount of winding violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126835 </DOCNO>
The evolution of Omega(HI) and the epoch of formation of damped


  We present a study of the evolution of the column density distribution,
f(N,z), and total neutral hydrogen mass in high-column density quasar absorbers
using data from a recent high-redshift survey for damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) and
Lyman limit system (LLS) absorbers. The observed number of LLS (N(HI)> 1.6 *
10^{17} atom/cm^2) is used to constrain f(N,z) below the classical DLA Wolfe et
al. (1986) definition of 2 * 10^{20} atom/cm^2. The joint LLS-DLA analysis
shows unambiguously that f(N,z) deviates significantly from a single power law
and that a Gamma-law distribution of the form f(N,z)=(f_*/N_*)(N/N_*)^{-beta}
exp(-N/N_*) provides a better description of the observations. These results
are used to determine the amount of neutral gas contained in DLAs and in
systems with lower column density. Whilst in the redshift range 2 to 3.5, ~90%
of the neutral HI mass is in DLAs, we find that at z>3.5 this fraction drops to
only 55% and that the remaining "missing" mass fraction of the neutral gas lies
in sub-DLAs with N(HI) 10^{19} - 2 * 10^{20} atom/cm^2. The characteristic
column density, N_*, changes from 1.6 * 10^{21} atom/cm^2 at z<3.5 to 2.9 *
10^{20} atom/cm^2 at z>3.5, supporting a picture where at z>3.5, we are
directly observing the formation of high column density neutral hydrogen DLA
systems from lower column density units. Moreover since current metallicity
studies of DLA systems focus on the higher column density systems they may be
giving a biased or incomplete view of global galactic chemical evolution at
z>3. After correcting the observed mass in HI for the "missing" neutral gas the
comoving mass density now shows no evidence for a decrease above z=2.
(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99130 </DOCNO>
Contractibility of fixed point sets of auter space


  We show that for every finite subgroup $G$ of $Aut(F_n)$, the fixed point
subcomplex $X_n^G$ is contractible, where $F_n$ is the free group on $n$
letters and $X_n$ is the spine of ``auter space'' constructed by Hatcher and
Vogtmann. In more categorical language, $X_n =\underline{E}Aut(F_n)$. This is
useful because it allows one to compute the cohomology of normalizers or
centralizers of finite subgroups of $Aut(F_n)$ based on their actions on fixed
point subcomplexes. The techniques used to prove it are largely those of Krstic
and Vogtmann, who in turn used techniques similar to Culler and Vogtmann.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149618 </DOCNO>
The Ramond Sector of Open Superstring Field Theory


  Although the equations of motion for the Neveu-Schwarz (NS) and Ramond (R)
sectors of open superstring field theory can be covariantly expressed in terms
of one NS and one R string field, picture-changing problems prevent the
construction of an action involving these two string fields. However, a
consistent action can be constructed by dividing the NS and R states into three
string fields which are real, chiral and antichiral.
  The open superstring field theory action includes a WZW-like term for the
real field and holomorphic Chern-Simons-like terms for the chiral and
antichiral fields. Different versions of the action can be constructed with
either manifest d=8 Lorentz covariance or manifest N=1 d=4 super-Poincar\'e
covariance. The lack of a manifestly d=10 Lorentz covariant action is related
to the self-dual five-form in the Type IIB R-R sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149405 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Lorentz Symmetry and the Origin of the Seiberg-Witten Map


  We show that the noncommutative Yang-Mills field forms an irreducible
representation of the (undeformed) Lie algebra of rigid translations, rotations
and dilatations. The noncommutative Yang-Mills action is invariant under
combined conformal transformations of the Yang-Mills field and of the
noncommutativity parameter \theta. The Seiberg-Witten differential equation
results from a covariant splitting of the combined conformal transformations
and can be computed as the missing piece to complete a covariant conformal
transformation to an invariance of the action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99041 </DOCNO>
Special Kaehler manifolds: a survey


  This is a survey of recent contributions to the area of special Kaehler
geometry. It is based on lectures given at the 21st Winter School on Geometry
and Physics held in Srni in January 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129355 </DOCNO>
Ongoing massive star formation in the bulge of M51


  We studied the HST-WFPC2 observations of the inner kpc of the interacting
galaxy M51 in six bands from 2550 to 8140 Angstrom. The images show an oval
shaped area ("bulge") of 11x16 arcsec or 450x650 pc around the nucleus,
dominated by a smooth population of old stars with overimposed dust lanes. We
found 30 bright point-like sources in the bulge of M51; many of these are
bright in the UV. They are located in elongated "strings" which follow the
general pattern of the dust lanes. The spectral energy distributions of the
pointsources are compared with those of clusters or single stars. We present
arguments that the pointsources are isolated massive stars or small groups of a
few massive stars. The energy distributions are best fitted with those of
single stars with 4000<Teff<50000 K, 4.2<log L/Lsun<7.2, and 12<Mstar<200 Msun.
We have derived upper limits to the total mass of low mass stars that could be
"hiding" within the point sources. For the bluest sources the upper limit is
only a few hundred Msun. We conclude that massive stars are formed outside
clusters (or in very low mass clusters) in the bulge of M51. The estimated star
formation rate in the bulge is 1 to 2x10^(-3) Msun/yr. This star formation rate
could be sustained for about 200 to 400 Myrs, suggesting that the ongoing
massive star formation in the bulge of M51 is fed/triggered by the interaction
with its companion about 400 Mrs ago. Theoretical cloud-models show that CO is
destroyed in low extinction clouds near the bright nucleus of M51, so that H_2,
[OI] and [CII] are the dominants coolants. This condition favors the formation
of massive stars, in agreement with the observations. This mode of massive-star
formation in the bulge of M51 may resemble the star formation in the early
Universe, when the CO and dust contents were low due to the low metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73635 </DOCNO>
Space-time symplectic extension


  It is conjectured that in the origin of space-time there lies a symplectic
rather than metric structure. The complex symplectic symmetry Sp(2l,C), l\ge1
instead of the pseudo-orthogonal one SO(1,d-1), d\ge4 is proposed as the
space-time local structure group. A discrete sequence of the metric space-times
of the fixed dimensionalities d=(2l)^2 and signatures, with l(2l-1) time-like
and l(2l+1) space-like directions, defined over the set of the Hermitian
second-rank spin-tensors is considered as an alternative to the
pseudo-Euclidean extra dimensional space-times. The basic concepts of the
symplectic framework are developed in general, and the ordinary and
next-to-ordinary space-time cases with l=1,2, respectively, are elaborated in
more detail. In particular, the scheme provides the rationale for the
four-dimensionality and 1+3 signature of the ordinary space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1113 </DOCNO>
Glassy Dynamics of Simulated Polymer Melts: Coherent Scattering and Van


  We report results of molecular-dynamics simulations of a model polymer melt
consisting of short non-entangled chains in the supercooled state above the
critical temperature of mode-coupling theory (MCT). To analyse the dynamics of
the system we computed the incoherent, collective chain and melt intermediate
scattering functions as well as the Van Hove correlation functions. We find
good evidence for the space-time factorization theorem of MCT. From the
critical amplitudes we could derive typical length scales of the beta-dyamics.
In an extensive quantitative analysis the leading order description of MCT was
found to be accurate in the central beta-regime. Higher order corrections
extend the validity of the MCT approximation to a greater time window.
Indications of polymer specific effects on the length scale of the chain's
radius of gyration are visible in the beta-coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2164 </DOCNO>
Expectation values of descendent fields in the Bullough-Dodd model and


  The exact vacuum expectation values of the second level descendent fields
$<(\partial\phi)^2({\overline\partial}\phi)^2e^{a\phi}>$ in the Bullough-Dodd
model are calculated. By performing quantum group restrictions, we obtain
$<L_{-2}{\overline L}_{-2}{\Phi}_{lk}>$ in the $\Phi_{12}$, $\Phi_{21}$ and
$\Phi_{15}$ perturbed minimal CFTs. In particular, the exact expectation value
$<T{\overline T}>$ is found to be proportional to the square of the bulk free
energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124398 </DOCNO>
Keck Imaging of the Globular Cluster Systems in the Early--type Galaxies


  The presence of two globular cluster subpopulations in early-type galaxies is
now the norm rather than the exception. Here we present two more examples for
which the host galaxy appears to have undergone a recent merger. Using
multi-colour Keck imaging of NGC 1052 and NGC 7332 we find evidence for a
bimodal globular cluster colour distribution in both galaxies, with roughly
equal numbers of blue and red globular clusters. The blue ones have similar
colours to those in the Milky Way halo and are thus probably very old and
metal-poor. If the red GC subpopulations are at least solar metallicity, then
stellar population models indicate young ages. We discuss the origin of
globular clusters within the framework of formation models. We conclude that
recent merger events in these two galaxies have had little effect on their
overall GC systems. We also derive globular cluster density profiles, global
specific frequencies and in the case of NGC 1052, radial colour gradients and
azimuthal distribution. In general these globular cluster properties are normal
for early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6447 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic Description of Traffic Breakdowns


  We analyze the characteristic features of traffic breakdown. To describe this
phenomenon we apply to the probabilistic model regarding the jam emergence as
the formation of a large car cluster on highway. In these terms the breakdown
occurs through the formation of a certain critical nucleus in the metastable
vehicle flow, which enables us to confine ourselves to one cluster model. We
assume that, first, the growth of the car cluster is governed by attachment of
cars to the cluster whose rate is mainly determined by the mean headway
distance between the car in the vehicle flow and, may be, also by the headway
distance in the cluster. Second, the cluster dissolution is determined by the
car escape from the cluster whose rate depends on the cluster size directly.
The latter is justified using the available experimental data for the
correlation properties of the synchronized mode. We write the appropriate
master equation converted then into the Fokker-Plank equation for the cluster
distribution function and analyze the formation of the critical car cluster due
to the climb over a certain potential barrier. The further cluster growth
irreversibly gives rise to the jam formation. Numerical estimates of the
obtained characteristics and the experimental data of the traffic breakdown are
compared. In particular, we draw a conclusion that the characteristic intrinsic
time scale of the breakdown phenomenon should be about one minute and explain
the case why the traffic volume interval inside which traffic breakdown is
observed is sufficiently wide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41342 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Xi_c+ Lifetime


  The Xi_c+ lifetime is measured using 9.0 fb^{-1} of e+ e- annihilation data
collected on and just below the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the CLEO II.V
detector at CESR. The Xi_c+ lifetime is measured using an unbinned maximum
likelihood fit. The preliminary result for the Xi_c+ lifetime is (503 +- 47
(stat.) +- 18 (syst.)) fs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87218 </DOCNO>
A New Transition between Discrete and Continuous Self-Similarity in


  We analyze a bifurcation phenomenon associated with critical gravitational
collapse in a family of self-gravitating SU(2) $\sigma$-models. As the
dimensionless coupling constant decreases, the critical solution changes from
discretely self-similar (DSS) to continuously self-similar (CSS). Numerical
results provide evidence for a bifurcation which is analogous to a heteroclinic
loop bifurcation in dynamical systems, where two fixed points (CSS) collide
with a limit cycle (DSS) in phase space as the coupling constant tends to a
critical value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125018 </DOCNO>
Preliminary Constraints on 12C(alpha,gamma)16O from White Dwarf


  For many years, astronomers have promised that the study of pulsating white
dwarfs would ultimately lead to useful information about the physics of matter
under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. In this paper we finally
make good on that promise. Using observational data from the Whole Earth
Telescope and a new analysis method employing a genetic algorithm, we
empirically determine that the central oxygen abundance in the
helium-atmosphere variable white dwarf GD 358 is 84+/-3 percent. We use this
value to place preliminary constraints on the 12C(alpha,gamma)16O nuclear
reaction cross-section. More precise constraints will be possible with
additional detailed simulations. We also show that the pulsation modes of our
best-fit model probe down to the inner few percent of the stellar mass. We
demonstrate the feasibility of reconstructing the internal chemical profiles of
white dwarfs from asteroseismological data, and find an oxygen profile for GD
358 that is qualitatively similar to recent theoretical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41739 </DOCNO>
Search for R-parity Violating Supersymmetry in Dimuon and Four-Jets


  We present results of a search for R-parity-violating decay of the neutralino
chi_1^0, taken to be the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle. It is assumed that
this decay proceeds through one of the lepton-number violating couplings
lambda-prime_2jk (j=1,2; k=1,2,3). This search is based on 77.5 pb-1 of data,
collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron in ppbar collisions at
a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV in 1992-1995.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97561 </DOCNO>
Quantum stochastic equation for the low density limit


  A new derivation of quantum stochastic differential equation for the
evolution operator in the low density limit is presented. We use the
distribution approach and derive a new algebra for quadratic master fields in
the low density limit by using the energy representation. We formulate the
stochastic golden rule in the low density limit case for a system coupling with
Bose field via quadratic interaction. In particular the vacuum expectation
value of the evolution operator is computed and its exponential decay is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41869 </DOCNO>
Rare Charm Decays in the Standard Model and Beyond


  We perform a comprehensive study of a number of rare charm decays,
incorporating the first evaluation of the QCD corrections to the short distance
contributions, as well as examining the long range effects. For processes
mediated by the $c\to u\ell^+\ell^-$ transitions, we show that sensitivity to
short distance physics exists in kinematic regions away from the vector meson
resonances that dominate the total rate. In particular, we find that
$D\to\pi\ell^+\ell^-$ and $D\to\rho\ell^+\ell^-$ are sensitive to non-universal
soft-breaking effects in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with
R-parity conservation. We separately study the sensitivity of these modes to
R-parity violating effects and derive new bounds on R-parity violating
couplings. We also obtain predictions for these decays within extensions of the
Standard Model, including extensions of the Higgs, gauge and fermion sectors,
as well as models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149528 </DOCNO>
Effect of Dynamical SU(2) Gluons to the Gap Equation of


  In order to estimate the effect of dynamical gluons to chiral condensate, the
gap equation of SU(2) gauged Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, under a constant
background magnetic field, is investigated up to the two-loop order in 2+1 and
3+1 dimensions. We set up a general formulation allowing both cases of electric
as well as magnetic background field. We rely on the proper time method to
maintain gauge invariance. In 3+1 dimensions chiral symmetry breaking
($\chi$SB) is enhanced by gluons even in zero background magnetic field and
becomes much striking as the background field grows larger. In 2+1 dimensions
gluons also enhance $\chi$SB but whose dependence on the background field is
not simple: dynamical mass is not a monotone function of background field for a
fixed four-fermi coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73110 </DOCNO>
QCD sum rules for the pseudoscalar decay constants - To constrain the


  We study the higher order corrections of quark masses to the
Gell-Mann$-$Oakes$-$Renner (GOR) relation by constructing QCD sum rules
exclusively for pseudoscalar mesons from the axial-vector correlation function,
$i \int d^4x~ e^{ip\cdot x} < 0| T[A_\mu (x) A_\nu (0)] | 0>$. To project out
the pseudoscalar meson contributions, we apply $-p^\mu p^\nu/p^2$ to this
correlation function and construct sum rules for the decay constants of
pseudoscalar mesons, $f_\pi, f_k$ and $f_{\eta_8}$. The OPE is proportional to
quark masses due to PCAC. To leading order in quark mass, each sum rule
reproduces the corresponding GOR relation. For kaon and $\eta_8$, the deviation
from the GOR relation due to higher orders in quark mass is found to be
substantial. But the deviation gives better agreements with the phenomenology.
Our sum rule provides a sensitive relation between $f_K$ and $m_s$, which
stringently constrain the value for $m_s$. To reproduce the experimental value
for $f_K$, $m_s$ is found to be 186 MeV at 1 GeV scale. The $f_{\eta_8}$ sum
rule also supports this finding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127424 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Cosmic-ray Low-energy Antiproton and Proton Spectra in a


  The energy spectra of cosmic-ray low-energy antiprotons and protons have been
measured by BESS in 1999 and 2000, during a period covering the solar magnetic
field reversal. Based on these measurements, a sudden increase of the
antiproton to proton flux ratio following the solar magnetic field reversal was
observed, and it generally agrees with a drift model of the solar modulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6164 </DOCNO>
Common energy scale for magnetism and superconductivity in underdoped


  We characterize the spontaneous magnetic field, and determine the associated
temperature Tg, in the superconducting state of
Ca(x)La(1-x)Ba(1.75-x)La(0.25+x)Cu(3)O(y) using zero and longitudinal field
MuSR measurements for various values of x and y. Our major findings are: (I) Tg
and Tc are controlled by the same energy scale, (II) the phase separation
between hole poor and hole rich regions is a microscopic one, and (III)
spontaneous magnetic fields appear gradually with no moment size evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7213 </DOCNO>
Gradually Truncated Power law distribution - Citation of scientists


  Gradually Truncated Power law distribution - Citation of scientists
  Hari M. Gupta, Jose R. Campanha and Bianca A. Ferrari Unesp - Physics Dpto. -
Rio Claro Sao Paulo - Brazil
  Abstract
  The number of times, a scientist is cited in other scientific publications is
now an important factor in his merit consideration. Normally citation indices
of highly cited scientists are available, which in turn give information only
about the dynamics of the citation mechanism of this group. In the present
work, we studied the statistical distribution of the citation index of
Brazilian scientists working in diverse areas, through Zipf-plot technique. As
it is a small sub-group within the scientific community, it can better explain
the dynamics of citation index. We find that gradually truncated power law
distribution can explain well citation index. The distribution of citation of
most cited physicist can also be well explained.
  We develop a model of citation, based on positive feedback, i.e. highly cited
scientist, would get better financial help, and more students, which in turn
help to form a large group working in the same topic and paper is cited more
times. The limiting factor comes because of limited number of articles which
can be published in a particular sub-area due to limited number of scientific
journal, where the article can be cited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95707 </DOCNO>
Characterizations of essential ideals as operator modules over


  In this paper we give characterizations of essential left ideals of a
C*-algebra $A$ in terms of their properties as operator $A$-modules.
Conversely, we seek C*-algebraic characterizations of those ideals $J$ in $A$
such that $A$ is an essential extension of $J$ in various categories of
operator modules. In the case of two-sided ideals, we prove that all the above
concepts coincide. We obtain results, analogous to {M. Hamana's} results, which
characterize the injective envelope of a C*-algebra as a maximal essential
extension of the C*-algebra, but with completely positive maps replaced by
completely bounded module maps. By restricting to one-sided ideals, module
actions reveal clear differences which do not show up in the two-sided case.
Throughout this paper, module actions are crucial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1637 </DOCNO>
Implementation of parallel algorithms for 2D vortex dynamics simulation


  This report discusses the implementation of two parallel algorithms on a
distributed memory system for studying vortex dynamics in type-II
superconductors. These algorithms are the same as that implemented for
classical molecular dynamics simulation with short-range forces (Plimpton, J.
Comp. Phys. Vol.117, 1 (1995)). The run time for parallel algorithm is tested
on a system containing upto 4 processors and compared with that for vectorized
algorithm on a single processor for system size ranging from 120 to 4800
vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76459 </DOCNO>
Thermal phase transitions in cosmology


  We review briefly the current status of thermal phase transitions within the
Standard Model and its simplest extensions. We start with an update on QCD
thermodynamics, then discuss the electroweak phase transition, particularly in
supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, and end with a few remarks on
the cosmological constraints that thermal phase transitions might impose on
even higher scale particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129132 </DOCNO>
An Empirical View to the Early Chemical Evolution of Bulge/Disk Galaxies


  Scaling from the empirical metal yield as measured in clusters of galaxies,
it is inferred that early in the evolution of the Galaxy the bulge stellar
population has produced $\sim 10^9\msun$ of metals, at least 5 times more than
the total metal content of the bulge today. It is argued that an early galactic
wind from the starbursting bulge has pre-enriched a vast region around it, with
these metals being able to enrich to $\sim 1/10$ solar of order of $5\times
10^{11}\msun$ of pristine material. From the empirical evidence that bulges
come before disks, it is inferred that the Milky Way disk formed out of this
pre-enriched material, which accounts for the scarcity of metal poor stars in
the solar neighborhood, the so-called `G-Dwarf Problem'. High redshift
observations are now becoming able to efficiently explore the $1.2\lsim z\lsim
3$ region of the universe, when disk formation and morphological
differentiation may have taken place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6628 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous nucleation near a second phase transition and Ostwald's step


  Homogeneous nucleation of the new phase of one transition near a second phase
transition is considered. The system has two phase transitions, we study the
nucleation of the new phase of one of these transitions under conditions such
that we are near or at the second phase transition. The second transition is an
Ising-like transition and lies within the coexistence region of the first
transition. It effects the formation of the new phase in two ways. The first is
by reducing the nucleation barrier to direct nucleation. The second is by the
system undergoing the second transition and transforming to a state in which
the barrier to nucleation is greatly reduced. The second way occurs when the
barrier to undergoing the second phase transition is less than that of the
first phase transition, and is in accordance with Ostwald's rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129270 </DOCNO>
Acceleration of GRB outflows by Poynting flux dissipation


  We study magnetically powered relativistic outflows in which a part of the
magnetic energy is dissipated internally by reconnection. For GRB parameters,
and assuming that the reconnection speed scales with the Alfven speed,
significant dissipation can take place both inside and outside the photosphere
of the flow. The process leads to a steady increase of the flow Lorentz factor
with radius. With an analytic model we show how the efficiency of this process
depends on GRB parameters. Estimates are given for the thermal and non-thermal
radiation expected to be emitted from the photosphere and the optically thin
part of the flow respectively.
  A critical parameter of the model is the ratio of Poynting flux to kinetic
energy flux at some initial radius of the flow. For a large value (> 100) the
non-thermal radiation dominates over the thermal component. If the ratio is
small (< 40) only prompt thermal emission is expected which can be identified
with X-ray flashes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169111 </DOCNO>
Control of Switched Networks via Quantum Methods


  We illustrate a technique for specifying piecewise constant controls for
classes of switched electrical networks, typically used in converting power in
a dc-dc converter. This procedure makes use of decompositions of SU(2) to
obtain controls that are piecewise constant and can be constrained to be
bang-bang with values 0 or 1. Complete results are presented for a third order
network first. An example, which shows that the basic strategy is viable for
fourth order circuits, is also given. The former evolves on SO(3), while the
latter evolves on SO(4). Since the former group is intimately related to SU(2)
while the latter is related to SU(2)xSU(2), the methodology of this paper uses
factorizations of SU(2). The systems in this paper are single input systems
with drift. In this paper, no approximations or other artifices are used to
remove the drift. Instead, the drift is important in the determination of the
controls. Periodicity arguments are rarely used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97293 </DOCNO>
A hypersurface in \C^2 whose stability group is not determined by 2-jets


  We give an example of a hypersurface in \C^2 through 0 whose stability group
at 0 is determined by 3-jets, but not by jets of any lesser order. We also
examine some of the properties which the stability group of this infinite type
hypersurface shares with the 3-sphere in \C^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125019 </DOCNO>
Magnetorotational instability of dissipative Couette flow


  Global axisymmetric stability of viscous, resistive, magnetized Couette flow
is re-examined, with the emphasis on flows that would be hydrodynamically
stable according to Rayleigh's criterion: opposing gradients of angular
velocity and specific angular momentum. In this regime, magnetorotational
instabilities [MRI] may occur. Previous work has focused on the
Rayleigh-unstable regime. To prepare for an experimental study of MRI, which
are of intense astrophysical interest, we solve for global linear modes in a
wide gap with realistic dissipation coefficients. Exchange of stability appears
to occur through marginal modes. Velocity eigenfunctions of marginal modes are
nearly singular at conducting boundaries, but magnetic eigenfunctions are
smooth and obey a fourth-order differential equation in the inviscid limit. The
viscous marginal system is of tenth order; an eighth-order approximation
previously used for Rayleigh-unstable modes does not permit MRI. Peak growth
rates are insensitive to boundary conditions. They are predicted with
surprising accuracy by WKB methods even for the largest-scale mode. We conclude
that MRI is achievable under plausible experimental conditions using
easy-to-handle liquid metals such as gallium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179063 </DOCNO>
New Forms of Deuteron Equations and Wave Function Representations


  A recently developed helicity basis for nucleon-nucleon (NN) scattering is
applied to th e deuteron bound state. Here the total spin of the deuteron is
treated in such a helicity representation. For the bound state, two sets of two
coupled eigenvalue equations are developed, where the amplitudes depend on two
and one variable, respectively. Numerical illustrations based on the realistic
Bonn-B NN potential are given. In addition, an `operator form' of the deuteron
wave function is presented, and several momentum dependent spin densities are
derived and shown, in which the angular dependence is given analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6250 </DOCNO>
Cooperative Dynamics in Unentangled Polymer Fluids


  We present a Generalized Langevin Equation for the dynamics of interacting
semiflexible polymer chains, undergoing slow cooperative dynamics. The
calculated Gaussian intermolecular center-of-mass and monomer potentials, wich
enter the GLE, are in quantitative agreement with computer simulation data. The
experimentally observed, short-time subdiffusive regime of the polymer
mean-square displacements, emerges here from the competition between the
intramolecular and the intermolecular mean-force potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174706 </DOCNO>
Charged particle flow measurement for $|\eta|<5.3$ with the PHOBOS


  The measurement of elliptic flow for charged particles in Au-Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 130$ GeV using the PHOBOS detector at the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is presented. Charge particle distributions over a
wide pseudo-rapidity region ($|\eta|<5.3$) are measured by the PHOBOS silicon
multiplicity detectors. These distributions are used to extract the final-state
azimuthal anisotropy. The centrality and pseudo-rapidity dependences of
elliptic flow, averaged over momenta on an event-by-event basis and particle
species, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98044 </DOCNO>
Iterated Integrals and Algebraic Cycles: Examples and Prospects


  This paper is for the proceedings of the Chen-Chow Conference held in
Tianjin, China in October 2000. The goal of the paper is to produce and survey
evidence for a connection between Chen's work on iterated integrals on the one
hand, and algebraic cycles and motives on the other. The paper is expository,
and begins with an introduction to Chen's work. Topics covered include loop
space de Rham theorems; iterated integrals of currents; the works of
Carlson-Clemmens-Morgan and Bruno Harris on periods of mixed Hodge structures
on homotopy groups and algebraic cycles; the cobar construction, algebraic
loopspace de Rham Theorems; and generalized iterated integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1906 </DOCNO>
The Rashba Hamiltonian and electron transport


  The Rashba Hamiltonian describes the splitting of the conduction band as a
result of spin-orbit coupling in the presence of an external field and is
commonly used to model the electronic structure of confined narrow-gap
semiconductors. Due to the mixing of spin states some care has to be exercised
in the calculation of transport properties. We derive the velocity operator for
the Rashba-split conduction band and demonstrate that the transmission of an
interface between a ferromagnet and a Rashba-split semiconductor does not
depend on the magnetization direction, in contrast with previous assertions in
the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77103 </DOCNO>
Some results from the NA27 Data


  The self-affine analysis and erraticity analysis of pseudorapidity gaps are
performed for the data of 400GeV/$c$ pp collisions. The self-affine analysis
has been shown to exhibit a better scaling behavior. The self-affine
multifractal dimensions and multifractal spectrum have been obtained. The
simulated results using FRITIOF program can not reproduce the scaling behavior.
The analysis of event-to-event fluctuations has been performed. The increase of
event-space moments $C_{p,q}(M)$ with decreasing phase-space scale is dominated
by the statistical fluctuations. The erraticity analysis based on measuring the
pseudorapidity gaps is also performed. The entropy-like quantities $S_q$ and
$\Sigma_q$ deviate from 1 significantly, implying that both of them are useful
to serve as effective measures of erraticity in multiparticle production. The
ln${S_q}$ versus $q$ has a quite linear behavior, but the ln${\Sigma_q}$ versus
$q$ has only an approximate linear behavior. The FRITIOF simulated results
follow the same scaling behavior, but the deviations from the experimental data
are rather large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95961 </DOCNO>
On the AKSZ formulation of the Poisson sigma model


  We review and extend the Alexandrov-Kontsevich-Schwarz-Zaboronsky
construction of solutions of the Batalin-Vilkovisky classical master equation.
In particular, we study the case of sigma models on manifolds with boundary. We
show that a special case of this construction yields the Batalin-Vilkovisky
action functional of the Poisson sigma model on a disk. As we have shown in a
previous paper, the perturbative quantization of this model is related to
Kontsevich's deformation quantization of Poisson manifolds and to his formality
theorem. We also discuss the action of diffeomorphisms of the target manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99179 </DOCNO>
K-homology of the CAR algebra


  We compare the K-theory and K-homology of the well known CAR algebra.
 While the $K_0$ group is infinitely generated, we shows that it pairs
identically to zero with even Fredholm modules over the algebra. We show
further that in fact the even K-homology is trivial, while the odd K-homology
is very large. These results give some insight into the K-homology of
AF-algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126882 </DOCNO>
Optical Detection of a Variable Millisecond Pulsar Companion in 47


  Using results from radio and X-ray observations of millisecond pulsars in 47
Tucanae, and extensive HST U, V, I imaging of the globular cluster core, we
have derived a common astrometric solution good to < 0.1". A close positional
coincidence is found for 47 Tuc U, a 4.3 ms pulsar in a 0.429 day orbit,
detected in radio and X-rays, with an m_V = 20.9 blue star. Analysis of
extensive time series data for this optical candidate shows a 0.004 magnitude
semi-amplitude variation at the period and phase expected from the radio
ephemeris, and the optical variations are spatially coincident with the
candidate. This provides secure optical detection of the white dwarf companion
to the millisecond pulsar, the first such detection in a globular cluster,
allowing for comparisons to recent models for such companions with dependencies
on mass and age.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174756 </DOCNO>
Comparison of 1A GeV $^{\bf 197}$Au + C data with thermodynamics: the


  Multifragmentation (MF) results from 1A GeV Au on C have been compared with
the Copenhagen statistical multifragmentation model (SMM). A large number of
observables, including the fragment charge yield distributions, fragment
multiplicity distributions, caloric curve, critical exponents, and the critical
scaling function are explored in this comparison. The nature of the phase
transition in SMM is studied as a function of the remnant mass and charge using
the microcanonical equation of state. For light remnants $A \leq $ 100,
backbending is observed indicating negative specific heat, while for $A \geq$
170 the effective latentheat approaches zero. Thus for heavier systems this
transition can be identified as a continuous thermal phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129684 </DOCNO>
Spiral Structure in WZ Sagittae around the 2001 Outburst Maximum


  Intermediate resolution phase-resolved spectra of WZ Sge were obtained on
five consecutive nights (July 23 -- 27) covering the initial stage of the 2001
superoutburst. Double-peaked emission lines of He\textsc{II} at 4686 \AA, which
were absent on July 23, emerged on July 24 together with emission lines of
C\textsc{III} / N\textsc{III} Bowen blend. Analyses of the He\textsc{II}
emission lines using the Doppler tomography revealed an asymmetric spiral
structure on the accretion disk. This finding demonstrates that spiral shocks
with a very short orbital period can arise during the initial stage of an
outburst and may be present in all SU UMa stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2239 </DOCNO>
Optical conductivity of doped manganites: Comparison of ferromagnetic


  The optical conductivity of the double exchange and the orbital degenerate
Kondo lattice Hamiltonian (orbital t-J model) are invetigated by means of
finite temperature diagonalization for different doping concentrations. The
temperature dependence of sum rules, kinetic energy and Drude weight are
studied. In particular it is shown that the double exchange model cannot
explain the anomalous absorption in the uniform ferromagnetic phase of
manganites discovered Okimoto et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 109 (1995)]. The
orbital t-J model explains the increase of the anomalous absorption with
decreasing temperature, its energy scale (~1 eV) and intensity. It also
explains the appearance of the additional narrow Drude peak at low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6666 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Coulomb Drag


  This thesis describes the merging of the two fields of Coulomb drag and
mesoscopic physics. The thesis presents a theory for Coulomb drag between two
mesoscopic systems based on linear-response theory. The formalism expresses the
drag in terms of either scattering matrices and wave functions or Green
functions, and its range of validity covers both ballistic and disordered
phase-coherent systems. The consequences are worked out either by analytic
means, such as the random matrix theory, or by numerical simulations. The
formalism is applied to i) drag between mesoscopic quantum wires and ii) drag
between mesoscopic quantum dots. In these systems it is found that for even
weak disorder the mesoscopic sample-to-sample fluctuations of the drag
conductance can be of the order of - or even exceed - the mean value. Depending
on the particular disorder configuration this is giving rise to a possible sign
change of the induced current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168515 </DOCNO>
The world according to quantum mechanics (or, the 18 errors of Henry P.


  Several errors in Stapp's interpretation of quantum mechanics and its
application to mental causation (Henry P. Stapp, "Quantum theory and the role
of mind in nature," e-Print quant-ph/0103043) are pointed out. An
interpretation of (standard) QM that avoids these errors is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126911 </DOCNO>
In-flight performances of SilEye-2 Experiment and cosmic ray abundances


  Cosmic ray measurements performed with the instrument SilEye-2 on Mir space
station are presented. SilEye-2 is a silicon detector telescope for the study
of the causes of Light Flashes perception by astronauts. As a stand-alone
device, it monitors in the short and long term the radiation composition inside
Mir. The cosmic ray detector consists of an array of 6 active silicon strip
detectors which allow nuclear identification of cosmic rays up to Iron. The
device was operational for more than 1000 hours in the years 1998-2000,
measuring also several Solar Particle Events. In this work we present the
in-flight performance of the instrument and nuclear abundance data from Boron
to Silicon above ~150 MeV/n inside Mir.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148607 </DOCNO>
Higgs Mechanism with a Topological Term


  In cases of both abelian and nonabelian gauge groups, we consider the Higgs
mechanism in topologically massive gauge theories in an arbitrary space-time
dimension. It is shown that the presence of a topological term makes it
possible to shift mass of gauge fields in a nontrivial way compared to the
conventional value at the classical tree level. We correct the previous
misleading statement with respect to the counting of physical degrees of
freedom, where it is shown that gauge fields become massive by 'eating' the
Nambu-Goldstone boson and a higher-rank tensor field, but a new massless scalar
appears in the spectrum so the number of the physical degrees of freedom
remains unchanged before and after the spontaneous symmetry breakdown. Some
related phenomenological implications and applications to superstring theory
are briefly commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98609 </DOCNO>
An explicit formula for the genus 3 AGM


  Let us start with a smooth non-hyperelliptic curve C of genus 3, and a flag
in Jac(C)[2]. There exists a smooth curve C' s.t. Jac(C')=Jac(C)/L (where L is
the top factor in the flag), and a dual flag in Jac(C')[2]. This construction
is symmetric. i.e. if we start with C' and the dual flag on it, we get C. (A
previous treatment was given by R. Donagi & R. Livne). Explicit formulas are
given for the construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73932 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Distributions in B-Decays


  We consider transverse momentum distributions in B-decays. The O(alpha_S)
coefficients for soft and collinear logarithms are computed to next-to-leading
accuracy. Resummation of large logarithmic contributions is performed in impact
parameter space within the general formalism for transverese momentum
distributions. It is shown that the shape-function approach as used for the
threshold distribution case cannot be extended to the transverse momentum one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149740 </DOCNO>
The solution to Slavnov--Taylor identities in a general four dimensional


  A solution to Slavnov-Taylor identities in a general four dimensional N=1
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory containing arbitrary matter superfields is
proposed. The solution proposed appears just a simple generalization of an
analogous solution in the pure supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123784 </DOCNO>
On the oxygen abundance determination in HII regions: High - metallicity


  This is our second paper devoted to the problem of line intensity - oxygen
abundance calibration starting from the idea of McGaugh (1991) that the strong
oxygen lines contain the necessary information to determine accurate abundances
in HII regions. The high-metallicity HII regions are considered.
  A relation of the type O/H=f(P,R23) between oxygen abundance and the value of
abundance index R23 introduced by Pagel et al. (1979) and the excitation
parameter P (which is defined here as the contribution of the radiation in
[OIII]4959,5007 lines to the "total" oxygen radiation) has been derived
empirically using the available oxygen abundances determined via measurement of
a temperature-sensitive line ratio [OIII]4959,5007/[OIII]4363 (Te - method). By
comparing oxygen abundances derived with the Te - method and those derived with
the suggested relations (P - method), it was found that the precision of oxygen
abundance determination with the P - method is around 0.1 dex and is comparable
to that of the Te - method.
  A relation of the type Te=f(P,R23) between electron temperature and the
values of abundance index R23 and the excitation parameter P was derived
empirically using the available electron temperatures determined via
measurement of temperature-sensitive line ratios. The mean difference between
electron temperatures derived through the Te=f(P,23 relation and determined via
measurement of the temperature-sensitive line ratio is around 500K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85800 </DOCNO>
Phase Transitions for Flat adS Black Holes


  We reexamine the thermodynamics of adS black holes with Ricci flat horizons
using the adS soliton as the thermal background. We find that there is a phase
transition which is dependent not only on the temperature, but also on the
black hole area, which is an independent parameter. As in the spherical adS
black hole, this phase transition is related via the adS/CFT correspondence to
a confinement-deconfinement transition in the large N gauge theory on the
conformal boundary at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150124 </DOCNO>
The vacuum universe: the inflation, elementary particles, and quantum


  In the vacuum universe model, the universe, the inflation, elementary
particles, and quantum mechanics are derived from the five types of vacuum: the
pre-universe vacuum, the bulk space, the adjacent vacuum, the adjacent zero
space, and the empty space. Before the pre-inflationary universe, the
pre-universe is a vacuum consisting of positive energy and negative energy that
allow vacuum fluctuation. The pre-universe is essentially a blank without any
force field. The pre-inflationary universe consists of two identical boundary
9-branes separated by the gap (bulk space) with pre-gravity. The inflationary
universe is from the collapse of the pre-inflationary universe where the two
boundary 9-branes and the bulk space coalesce into the mixed 9-brane that
absorbs the bulk space. The inflationary universe has a different set of
space-time from the pre-inflationary universe. The absorbed bulk space is
emitted to become the added space for the inflation as the bounce after the
collapse. This added space is the adjacent vacuum. At the end of the inflation,
the empty space emerges as the gap among branes, and cosmic radiation,
observable elementary particles, and all force fields also emerge. The periodic
table of elementary particles is constructed to account for all elementary
particles and their masses in a good agreement with the observed values. The
absorption of the adjacent vacuum as the added space results in the adjacent
zero space (no space). Quantum mechanics is the interaction between matter and
the three different types of vacuum: the adjacent vacuum, the adjacent zero
space, and the empty space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1594 </DOCNO>
Spiral cracks without twisting


  A fascinating class of patterns, often encountered in nature as meandering
cracks on rocks, dried-out fields and tectonic plates is produced by the
fracture of solids. Here we report the observation and modeling of an unusual
type of patterns consisting of spiral cracks within fragments of a thin layer
of drying precipitate. We find that this symmetry-breaking cracking mode arises
naturally not from twisting forces, but from a propagating stress front induced
by the fold-up of the fragments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98225 </DOCNO>
Continuity of the Lyapunov exponent for quasiperiodic operators with


  We study regularity properties of the Lyapunov exponent L of quasiperiodic
operators with analytic potential, under no assumptions on the Diophantine
class of the frequency. We prove that L is jointly continuous, in frequency and
energy, at every irrational frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85666 </DOCNO>
Notes on a quantum gravitational collaps


  Everybody knows what the classical black holes are. In short, this is a
spacetime region beyond the so-called event horizon. The notion of the event
horizon is mathematically well defined. The situation with a definition of
quantum black hole is not so clear. The problem is that the classical event
horizon can be defined only globally, i.e. in order to be sure we have a black
hole we would need an infinite time interval. But, in classical physics we have
trajectories off all the particles and equations of motion for all the fields
and can, in principle, construct some ideal models for the gravitational
collapse and study the black hole formation under different conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86208 </DOCNO>
Non-conformally flat bulk spacetime and the 3-brane world


  We show that for non-conformally flat bulk spacetime, there exist no bound
modes for zero mass graviton on the 3-brane. The brane world model is therefore
unstable for the bulk spacetime being different from the conformally flat anti
- de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86276 </DOCNO>
S-matrix for s-wave gravitational scattering


  In the s-wave approximation the 4D Einstein gravity with scalar fields can be
reduced to an effective 2D dilaton gravity coupled nonminimally to the matter
fields. We study the leading order (tree level) vertices. The 4-particle matrix
element is calculated explicitly. It is interpreted as scattering with
formation of a virtual black hole state. As one novel feature we predict the
gravitational decay of s-waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129194 </DOCNO>
The Large Zenith Telescope Survey: a deep survey using a 6-m liquid


  The Large Zenith Telescope Survey whose construction is almost completed
(first light expected in spring 2002) near Vancouver (Canada) is designed to
observed a total strip of ~17' x 120 deg in 40 medium-band filters spanning
4000-10000 A. It will gather the spectrophotometric energy distributions of ca.
\~10^6 galaxies to redshifts z~1, with redshift accuracy sigma_z=0.01 at s/n=10,
sigma_z=0.04 at s/n=3, ca. 10^5 stars, and a large sample of QSOs, variable
stars, and transient objects of the solar system. The survey is optimized for
studying of the evolution of both the luminosity function and the clustering of
galaxies to a redshift z~1. It will also provide a complete and homogeneous
sample of stars at various galactic latitudes useful for studying galactic
structure, and it will be a good instrument for the monitoring of variable
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 318 </DOCNO>
Dynamic instability of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate


  We consider a Bose-Einstein condensate subject to a rotating harmonic
potential, in connection with recent experiments leading to the formation of
vortices. We use the classical hydrodynamic approximation to the non-linear
Schr\"odinger equation to determine almost analytically the evolution of the
condensate. We predict that this evolution can exhibit dynamical instabilities,
for the stirring procedure previously demonstrated at ENS and for a new
stirring procedure that we put forward. These instabilities take place within
the range of stirring frequency and amplitude for which vortices are produced
experimentally. They provide therefore an initiating mechanism for vortex
nucleation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124987 </DOCNO>
R-process pattern in the Very-Metal-Poor Halo Star CS31082-001


  The very-metal-poor halo star CS31082-001 was discovered to be very strongly
r-process-enhanced during the course of a VLT+UVES high-resolution follow-up of
metal-poor stars identified in the HK survey of Beers and colleagues. Both the
strong n-capture element enhancement and the low carbon and nitrogen content of
the star (reducing the CN molecular band contamination) led to the first
$^{238}$U abundance measurement in a stellar spectrum (Cayrel et al. 2001), and
the opportunity to use both radioactive species $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th for
dating the progenitor to this star. However, age computations all rely on the
hypothesis that the r-process pattern is solar, as this was indeed observed in
the other famous r-process-enhanced very metal poor stars CS22892-052 (Sneden
et al. 1996, 2000) and in HD115444 (Westin et al. 2000). Here, we investigate
whether this hypothesis is verified also for CS31082-001, using a preliminary
analysis of over 20 abundances of n-capture elements in the range Z=38 to Z=92.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97100 </DOCNO>
Estimates for the scattering map associated to a two-dimensional first


  We consider the scattering transform for the first order system in the plane,
          (D-Q) \psi =0
  where D is the 2x2 diagonal matrix differential operator whose diagonal
entries are d-bar and d and Q is a 2x2 off-diagonal matrix. We show that the
scattering map is Lipschitz continuous on a neighborhood of zero in L^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96163 </DOCNO>
Noncomplex smooth 4-manifolds with Lefschetz fibrations


  For every integer g greater than or equal to 2, there exist infinitely many
pairwise nonhomeomorphic smooth 4-manifolds that admit genus-g Lefschetz
fibrations over S^2 but do not carry any complex structure with either
orientation. This extends a recent result of Ozbagci and Stipsicz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 736 </DOCNO>
Lyapunov exponents as a dynamical indicator of a phase transition


  We study analytically the behavior of the largest Lyapunov exponent
$\lambda_1$ for a one-dimensional chain of coupled nonlinear oscillators, by
combining the transfer integral method and a Riemannian geometry approach. We
apply the results to a simple model, proposed for the DNA denaturation, which
emphasizes a first order-like or second order phase transition depending on the
ratio of two length scales: this is an excellent model to characterize
$\lambda_1$ as a dynamical indicator close to a phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148495 </DOCNO>
Scalar gravitational waves and Einstein frame


  The response of a gravitational wave detector to scalar waves is analysed in
the framework of the debate on the choice of conformal frames for scalar-tensor
theories. A correction to the geodesic equation arising in the Einstein
conformal frame modifies the geodesic deviation equation. This modification is
due to the non-metricity of the theory in the Einstein frame, yielding a
longitudinal mode that is absent in the Jordan conformal frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2327 </DOCNO>
Large N spin quantum Hall effect


  We introduce a large N version of the spin quantum Hall transition problem.
It is formulated as a problem of Dirac fermions coupled to disorder, whose
Hamiltonian belong to the symmetry class C. The fermions carry spin degrees of
freedom valued in the algebra sp(2N), the spin quantum Hall effect
corresponding to N=1. Arguments based on renormalization group transformations
as well as on a sigma model formulation, valid in the large N limit, indicate
the existence of a crossover as N varies. Contrary to the N=1 case, the large N
models are shown to lead to localized states at zero energy. We also present a
sigma model analysis for the system of Dirac fermions coupled to only sp(2N)
random gauge potentials, which reproduces known exact results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125926 </DOCNO>
Detecting Eccentric Globular Cluster Binaries with LISA


  The energy carried in the gravitational wave signal from an eccentric binary
is spread across several harmonics of the orbital frequency. The inclusion of
the harmonics in the analysis of the gravitational wave signal increases the
signal-to-noise ratio of the detected signal for binaries whose fundamental
frequency is below the galactic confusion-limited noise cut-off. This can allow
for an improved angular resolution for sources whose orbital period is greater
than 2000 s. Globular cluster sources include possible binary black holes and
neutron stars which may have high eccentricities. Cluster dynamics may also
enhance the eccentricities of double white dwarf binaries and white
dwarf-neutron star binaries over the galactic sources. Preliminary results of
the expected signal-to-noise ratio for selected globular cluster binaries are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97109 </DOCNO>
The Integral Representation for the Product of Two Parabolic Cylinder


  The fundamental solution (Green's function) of a first order matrix ordinary
differential equation arising in a Landau-type problem is calculated by two
methods. The coincidence of the two representations results in the integral
formula for the product of two parabolic cylinder functions $D_\nu(x)
D_\nu(-x)$ at $Re \nu <0$, $x$ is real.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148958 </DOCNO>
The Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Charged Topological AdS Black Holes


  We consider the brane universe in the bulk background of the charged
topological AdS black holes. The evolution of the brane universe is described
by the Friedmann equations for a flat or an open FRW-universe containing
radiation and stiff matter. We find that the temperature and entropy of the
dual CFT are simply expressed in terms of the Hubble parameter and its time
derivative, and the Friedmann equations coincide with thermodynamic formulas of
the dual CFT at the moment when the brane crosses the black hole horizon. We
obtain the generalized Cardy-Verlinde formula for the CFT with an R-charge, for
any values of the curvature parameter k in the Friedmann equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169051 </DOCNO>
Vacuum fluctuation force on a rigid Casimir cavity in a gravitational


  We derive the force, produced by vacuum fluctuations, acting on a rigid
Casimir cavity in a weak gravitational field. The resulting force has opposite
direction with respect to the gravitational acceleration; the order of
magnitude for a multi-layer cavity configuration is analyzed and experimental
detection is discussed, bearing in mind the current technological resources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148729 </DOCNO>
Progress in Higher Spin Gauge Theories


  General properties of the theory of higher spin gauge fields in $AdS_4$ are
discussed. Some new results on the 4d conformal higher spin gauge theory are
announced. Talk given at the International Conference "Quantization, Gauge
Theory and Strings" in memory of E.S.Fradkin, Moscow, June 5-10, 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72756 </DOCNO>
Implications of muon anomalous magnetic moment for supersymmetric dark


  The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon has recently been measured to be in
conflict with the Standard Model prediction with an excess of 2.6 sigma. Taking
the excess at face value as a measurement of the supersymmetric contribution,
we find that at 95% confidence level it imposes an upper bound of 500 GeV on
the neutralino mass and forbids higgsinos as being the bulk of cold dark
matter. Other implications for the astrophysical detection of neutralinos
include: an accessible minimum direct detection rate, lower bounds on the
indirect detection rate of neutrinos from the Sun and the Earth, and a
suppression of the intensity of gamma-ray lines from neutralino annihilations
in the galactic halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84040 </DOCNO>
Overview of the NSTX Control System


  The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is an innovative magnetic
fusion device that was constructed by the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
(PPPL) in collaboration with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Columbia
University, and the University of Washington at Seattle. Since achieving first
plasma in 1999, the device has been used for fusion research through an
international collaboration of over twenty institutions. The NSTX is operated
through a collection of control systems that encompass a wide range of
technology, from hardwired relay controls to real-time control systems with
giga-FLOPS of capability. This paper presents a broad introduction to the
control systems used on NSTX, with an emphasis on the computing controls, data
acquisition, and synchronization systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168518 </DOCNO>
Feasible Linear-optics Generation of Polarization-entangled Photons


  We propose a feasible scheme to create $n$-party ($n\geq 2$)
polarization-entangled photon states in a controllable way. The scheme requires
only single-photon sources, single-photon quantum non-demolition measurement
(SP-QNDM) and simple linear optical elements, usually with high perfections.
The SP-QNDM acts as a non-destructive projection measurement onto the wanted
entangled states and filters out the unwanted terms. Our scheme in fact
realizes entanglement of non-interacting photons; the interaction occurs only
implicitly in the optical elements and SP-QNDM. We also briefly consider
purification of mixed single-photon states within our scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2161 </DOCNO>
Infrared absorption in superconducting MgB2


  Infrared absorption measurements in the range of 125 to 700 cm^(-1) have been
carried out as a function of temperature upto 5 K in MgB2. The absorption
spectrum is characterised by a broad band centred at 485 cm^{-1}, with
shoulders at 333 and 387 cm^{-1}. Studies on the temperature dependence of
absorption, indicate that these modes initially harden with the lowering of
temperature, and this trend is arrested at ~ 100 K, below which they soften.
Further, in the case of the mode at 333 cm^{-1}, there is a distinct softening
associated with the superconducting transition at 39 K. The implications of
these experimental results in the context of superconductivity in MgB2 are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98996 </DOCNO>
Stochastic spatial models of plant diseases


  I present three models of plant--pathogen interactions. The models are
stochastic and spatially explicit at the scale of individual plants. For each
model, I use a version of pair approximation or moment closure along with a
separation of timescales argument to determine the effects of spatial
clustering on threshold structure. By computing the spatial structure early in
an invasion, I find explicit corrections to mean field theory. In the first
chapter, I present a lattice model of a disease that is not directly lethal to
its host, but affects its ability to compete with neighbors. I use a type of
pair approximation to determine conditions for invasions and coexistence. In
the second chapter, I study a basic SIR epidemic point process in continuous
space. I implement a multiplicative moment closure scheme to compute the
threshold transmission rate as a function of spatial parameters. In the final
chapter, I model the evolution of pathogen resistance when two plant species
share a pathogen. Evolution may lead to non--resistance by a host that finds
the disease to be a useful weapon. I use a lattice model with the ordinary pair
approximation assumption to study phenotypic evolution via repeated invasions
by novel strains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128003 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Environmental Effects of the Cluster Distribution


  Using the APM cluster distribution we find interesting alignment effects: (1)
Cluster substructure is strongly correlated with the tendency of clusters to be
aligned with their nearest neighbour and in general with the nearby clusters
that belong to the same supercluster, (2) Clusters belonging in superclusters
show a statistical significant tendency to be aligned with the major axis
orientation of their parent supercluster. Furthermore we find that dynamically
young clusters are more clustered than the overall cluster population. These
are strong indications that cluster develop in a hierarchical fashion by
merging along the large-scale filamentary superclusters within which they are
embedded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96739 </DOCNO>
Linkage on singular rational normal surfaces and three-folds with


  In this paper the author provides a generalization of classical linkage, i.e.
linkage by a complete intersection, in a different context. Namely she looks at
residuals in the scheme theoretic intersection of a rational normal surface or
3-fold with two hypersurfaces of degree a and b. When the scroll is singular a
complete intersection of type (a, b) on it may not be Gorenstein, in this case
classical linkage, even if suitably generalized, does not apply.
  The main purpose of this article is to establish a framework allowing one to
find relations between the dimension of some important cohomology groups
attached to the two linked schemes. In the last part of the paper the author
shows how to apply these results and techniques to the classification of curves
C in P^n of degree d and maximal genus G(d, n, s) among those not contained in
surfaces of degree less than a certain fixed one s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3075 </DOCNO>
Jack superpolynomials, superpartition ordering and determinantal


  Superpartitions label the eigenfunctions of the supersymmetric extension of
the trigonometric Calogero-Moser-Sutherland model. We obtain an ordering on
superpartitions from the explicit action of the model's hamiltonian on monomial
superfunctions. This ordering allows to define the Jack superpolynomials as the
unique eigenfunctions of the model that decompose triangularly on the basis of
monomial superfunctions. This further leads to a simple and explicit
determinantal expression for the Jack superpolynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126424 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a cataclysmic variable with a sub-stellar companion


  We find that the ROSAT source 1RXS J105010.3-140431 is a cataclysmic variable
with orbital period of 88.6 minutes and a spectrum closely resembling WZ Sge.
In particular, emission lines are flanked by Stark-broadened absorption wings
probably originating in the photosphere of a compact object. The Balmer
absorption lines can be modeled by the spectrum of a DA white dwarf with 13 000
$< T_{eff} <$ 24 000 K. The strong absorption lines allowed us to obtain direct
radial velocities of the white dwarf using the cross-correlation technique. We
find an extremely low white dwarf radial velocity half amplitude, $K_{wd}$ = 4
$\pm$ 1 km s$^{-1}$. This is consistent with the upper limit obtained from the
H$\alpha$ emission line wing K < 20 km s$^{-1}$. The corresponding mass
function is incompatible with a main sequence secondary, but is compatible with
a post orbital period minimum cataclysmic variable with a brown dwarf-like
secondary. The formal solution gives a secondary mass of 10-20 jovian masses.
Doppler maps for the emission lines and the hypothesis of black-body emission
indicate a steady state (T $\sim r^{-3/4}$) accretion disk mainly emitting in
H$\alpha$ and an optically thicker hotspot with a strong contribution to the
higher order Balmer lines and \ion{He}{I} 5875. As in other long cycle length
dwarf novae, evidence for inner disk removal is found from the analysis of the
emission lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148951 </DOCNO>
A Non-Perturbative, Finite Particle Number Approach to Relativistic


  We present integral equations for the scattering amplitudes of three scalar
particles, using the Faddeev channel decomposition, which can be readily
extended to any finite number of particles of any helicity. The solution of
these equations, which have been demonstrated to be calculable, provide a
non-perturbative way of obtaining relativistic scattering amplitudes for any
finite number of particles that are Lorentz invariant, unitary, cluster
decomposable and reduce unambiguously in the non-relativistic limit to the
non-relativistic Faddeev equations. The aim of this program is to develop
equations which explicitly depend upon physically observable input variables,
and do not require renormalization or dressing of these parameters to connect
them to the boundary states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127604 </DOCNO>
The Outer Halo Cluster System of NGC 1399


  We investigate the outer halo globular cluster population of NGC 1399. This
study uses wide-field imaging of this cluster system, which covers the largest
area studied with CCD photometry until now. The cluster system of NGC 1399 is
found to extend further than 100 kpc from the galaxy. A population of
metal-rich, as well as metal-poor clusters has been identified at these large
radii. At radii smaller than 55 kpc the specific frequency of the red cluster
system remains constant, while that of the blue clusters increases proportional
to $r^{0.8\pm0.2}$. For larger radii, the uncertainty of the galaxy light
profile does not permit any reliable statement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97975 </DOCNO>
Factorizations in Universal Enveloping algebras of three dimensional Lie


  We introduce the notion of Lie algebras with plus-minus pairs as well as
regular plus-minus pairs. These notions deal with certain factorizations in
universal enveloping algebras. We show that many important Lie algebras have
such pairs and we classify, and give a full treatment of, the three dimensional
Lie algebras with plus-minus pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128656 </DOCNO>
Injection of Radioactivities into the Forming Solar System


  Meteorite studies have revealed the presence of short-lived radioactivities
in the early solar system. The current data suggests that the origin of at
least some of the radioactivities requires contribution from recent
nucleosynthesis at a stellar site. This sets a strict time limit on the time
available for the formation of the solar system and argues for the theory of
the triggered origin of the solar system. According to this scenario, the
formation of our planetary system was initiated by the impact of an
interstellar shock wave on a molecular cloud core. The shock wave originated
from a nearby explosive stellar event and carried with it radioactivities
produced in the stellar source. In addition to triggering the collapse of the
molecular cloud core, the shock wave also deposited some of the freshly
synthesized radioactivities into the collapsing system. The radioactivities
were then incorporated into the first solar system solids, in this manner
leaving a record of the event in the meteoritic material. The viability of the
scenario can be investigated through numerical simulations studying the
processes involved in mixing shock wave material into the collapsing system.
The high-resolution calculations presented here show that injection occurs
through Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, the injection efficiency is
approximately 10%, and temporal and spatial heterogeneities in the abundances
of the radioactivities existed at the time of their arrival in the forming
solar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96234 </DOCNO>
Deforming curves representing multiples of the minimal class in


  Given a smooth nonhyperelliptic curve $C$ and a pencil $g^1_d$ of degree $d$
on $C$, let $X$ be the curve parametrizing pairs of points in divisors of
$g^1_d$ (see the paper for the precise scheme-theoretical definition). We prove
that if $X$ deforms infinitesimally out of the jacobian locus with $JC$ then
either $d=4$ or $d=5$, dim$H^0 (g^1_5) = 3$ and $C$ has genus 5 or genus 4 and
only one $g^1_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3924 </DOCNO>
Reactive Hall constant of Strongly Correlated Electrons


  The zero-temperature Hall response within tight-binding models of correlated
electrons is studied. Using the linear response theory and a linearization in
the magnetic field B, a general relation for the reactive (zero frequency) Hall
constant in the fast (transport) limit is derived, involving only matrix
elements between the lowest excited states at B=0; for noninteracting fermions,
the Boltzmann expression is reproduced. For a Fermi liquid with a well defined
Fermi surface and linear gapless excitations an analogous expression is found
more generally. In the specific case of quasi-one-dimensional correlated
systems a relation of $R^0_H$ to the charge stiffness D is recovered. Similar
analysis is performed and discussed for D and the compressibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123600 </DOCNO>
The Milky Way as a Key to Structural Evolution in Galaxies


  Much of our effort in understanding the long-term evolution and morphology of
the Milky Way and other galaxies has focused on the equilibrium of its luminous
disk. However, the interplay between all components, seen and unseen, is a
major cause of observed features and drives evolution. I will review the key
underlying dynamics, and in a number of examples, show how this leads to
lopsidedness and offset nuclei, may trigger bars and cause warps. Indeed, the
Milky Way like most spiral galaxies show exhibit many of these features. In
addition, the mechanisms suggest that observed morphology depends on the
properties of the galaxy and only weakly on any particular disturbance. Because
of this convergence, understanding a galaxy's history will be subtle and
require the level of detail that study of the Milky Way can provide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2947 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticles in the 111 state and its compressible ancestors


  We investigate the relationship of the spontaneously inter-layer coherent
``111''state of quantum Hall bilayers at total filling factor \nu=1 to
``mutual'' composite fermions, in which vortices in one layer are bound to
electrons in the other. Pairing of the mutual composite fermions leads to the
low-energy properties of the 111 state, as we explicitly demonstrate using
field-theoretic techniques. Interpreting this relationship as a mechanism for
inter-layer coherence leads naturally to two candidate states with
non-quantized Hall conductance: the mutual composite Fermi liquid, and an
inter-layer coherent charge e Wigner crystal. The experimental behavior of the
interlayer tunneling conductance and resistivity tensors are discussed for
these states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174666 </DOCNO>
Structure of unstable light nuclei


  The structure of light nuclei out to the drip lines and beyond up to Z = 8 is
interpreted in terms of the shell model. Special emphasis is given to the
underlying supermultiplet symmetry of the p-shell nuclei which form cores for
neutrons and protons added in sd-shell orbits. Detailed results are given on
the wave functions, widths, and Coulomb energy shifts for a wide range of
non-normal parity states in the p-shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 366 </DOCNO>
Orbital Correlations in the Ferromagnetic Half-Metal $CrO_{2}


  We deduce a model relevant for the description of the ferromagnetic
half-metal Chromium dioxide ($CrO_{2}$), widely used in magnetic recording
technology. The model describes the effect of dynamical, local orbital
correlations arising from local quantum chemistry of the material. A finite
temperature solution of the model in $d=\infty$ provides a natural explanation
of the optical response, photoemission, resistivity and the large Woods-Saxon
ratio observed in experiments. Our study confirms the important role of many
body dynamical correlation effects for a proper understanding of the metallic
phase of $CrO_{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6913 </DOCNO>
^25Mg NMR study of the MgB_2 superconductor


  ^25Mg NMR spectra and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time, T_1, have been
measured in polycrystalline ^25MgB_2 with a superconducting transition
temperature T_c = 39.0 K in zero magnetic field. From the first order and
second order quadrupole perturbed NMR spectrum a quadrupole coupling frequency
nu_Q = 222(1.5) kHz is obtained. T_1T = 1090(50) sK and Knight shift K_c =
242(4) ppm are temperature independent in the normal conducting phase. The
^25Mg Korringa ratio equals to 0.95 which is very close to the ideal value of
unity for s-electrons. The comparison of the experimental nu_Q, T_1T, and K_c
with the corresponding values obtained by LDA calculations shows an excellent
agreement for all three quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83618 </DOCNO>
Event Indexing Systems for Efficient Selection and Analysis of HERA Data


  The design and implementation of two software systems introduced to improve
the efficiency of offline analysis of event data taken with the ZEUS Detector
at the HERA electron-proton collider at DESY are presented. Two different
approaches were made, one using a set of event directories and the other using
a tag database based on a commercial object-oriented database management
system. These are described and compared. Both systems provide quick direct
access to individual collision events in a sequential data store of several
terabytes, and they both considerably improve the event analysis efficiency. In
particular the tag database provides a very flexible selection mechanism and
can dramatically reduce the computing time needed to extract small subsamples
from the total event sample. Gains as large as a factor 20 have been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96048 </DOCNO>
The spectral density function for the Laplacian on high tensor powers of


  For a symplectic manifold with quantizing line bundle, a choice of almost
complex structure determines a Laplacian acting on tensor powers of the bundle.
For high tensor powers Guillemin-Uribe showed that there is a well-defined
cluster of low-lying eigenvalues, whose distribution is described by a spectral
density function. We give an explicit computation of the spectral density
function, by constructing certain quasimodes on the associated principle
bundle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5773 </DOCNO>
Random Packings of Frictionless Particles


  We study random packings of frictionless particles at T=0.
  The packing fraction where the pressure becomes nonzero is the same as the
jamming threshold, where the static shear modulus becomes nonzero. The
distribution of threshold packing fractions narrows and its peak approaches
random close-packing as the system size increases. For packing fractions within
the peak, there is no self-averaging, leading to exponential decay of the
interparticle force distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123834 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Outcome of Gravitational Instability in Cooling, Gaseous Disks


  Thin, Keplerian accretion disks generically become gravitationally unstable
at large radius. I investigate the nonlinear outcome of such instability in
cool disks using razor-thin, local, numerical models. Cooling, characterized by
a constant cooling time t_c, drives the instability. I show analytically that,
if the disk can reach a steady state in which heating by dissipation of
turbulence balances cooling, then the dimensionless angular momentum flux
density \alpha = ((9/4) \gamma (\gamma-1) \Omega t_c)^{-1}. Numerical
experiments show that: (1) if t_c \gtrsim 3\Omega^{-1} then the disk reaches a
steady, gravito-turbulent state in which Q \sim 1 and cooling is balanced by
heating due to dissipation of turbulence; (2) if t_c \lesssim 3\Omega^{-1},
then the disk fragments, possibly forming planets or stars; (3) in a steady,
gravito-turbulent state, surface density structures have a characteristic
physical scale \sim 64 G \Sigma/\Omega^2 that is independent of the size of the
computational domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125096 </DOCNO>
The Nearby Field Galaxy Survey: a spectrophotometric and photometric


  We report on our observing program to obtain integrated spectrophotometry,
intermediate and high resolution major axis spectra, and U,B,R surface photo-
metry of a representative sample of ~200 galaxies in the nearby field. The main
goal of this program is to provide a comparison sample for high redshift
studies and to study the variation in star formation rates (SFR), star forma-
tion history (SFH), excitation, metallicity, and internal kinematics over a
large range in galaxy luminosity and morphological type. In particular, we
extend the work of Kennicutt (1992) to lower luminosity systems.
  We present the main results of our analysis sofar. In these proceedings, we
condense the presented two atlases of (1) images and radial surface brightness
profiles and color profiles, and (2) of images and integrated spectra into
several example images, profiles and spectra, showing the general trends
observed. For the original atlasses we refer to the electronic version,
available at http://www.astro.rug.nl/~nfgs/ .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74963 </DOCNO>
Ioffe Time in Double Logarithmic Approximation


  We analyze the light cone (Ioffe) time structure of the gluon distribution
function in the double logarithmic approximation. We show that due to QCD
evolution Ioffe equation is modified. The characteristic light cone time of the
gluons does not increase as fast with increasing energy (decreasing Bjorken x)
as predicted by the parton distributions exhibiting Bjorken scaling due to the
increase of the transverse momenta of the gluons in the DGLAP ladder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97637 </DOCNO>
Windowed Radon Transforms, Analytic Signals and the Wave Equation


  The act of measuring a physical signal or field suggests a generalization of
the wavelet transform that turns out to be a windowed version of the Radon
transform. A reconstruction formula is derived which inverts this transform. A
special choice of window yields the "Analytic--Signal transform" (AST), which
gives a partially analytic extension of functions from R^n to C^n. For n =1,
this reduces to Gabor's classical definition of "analytic signals." The AST is
applied to the wave equation, giving an expansion of solutions in terms of
wavelets specifically adapted to that equation and parametrized by real space
and imaginary time coordinates (the "Euclidean region").

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128345 </DOCNO>
Evolution of binaries producing Type Ia supernovae, luminous supersoft


  We have been proposing two evolutionary paths to Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia),
which are called the supersoft X-ray source (SSS) channel and the symbiotic
channel, depending on the orbital separation just prior to an SN Ia explosion.
The essential difference of our treatment is inclusion of strong, optically
thick winds on mass-accreting white dwarfs (WDs) in binary evolutions when the
mass accretion rate on to WDs exceeds a critical rate of ~ 1 x 10^{-6} Mo/yr.
Once optically thick winds blow from the WD, the binary can avoid forming a
common envelope in some cases. So that the WDs are able to grow up to the
Chandrasekhar mass and explode as an SN Ia, showing SSS or recurrent nova
phenomena in the way to SNe Ia. Thus, the accretion wind process of WDs can
open new channels to SNe Ia. We have modeled the LMC supersoft source RX
J0513.9-6951 as an example of the systems in the accretion wind phase. Further
inclusions of two other elementary processes make the channels much wider;
these are the case BB mass transfer in the SSS channel and the strong orbital
shrinkage during the superwind phase of the primary star in the symbiotic
channel. As a result, the estimated birth rate of SNe Ia via these two channels
becomes compatible with the observation in our Galaxy. Interestingly, the U Sco
and T CrB subclasses of recurrent novae can be naturally understood as a part
of evolutionary stages in these two SSS and symbiotic channels to SNe Ia,
respectively. Thus we have a unified picture of binary evolutions to SNe Ia,
luminous SSS, and recurrent novae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1155 </DOCNO>
Is there a d.c. Josephson Effect in Bilayer Quantum Hall Systems?


  We argue on the basis of phenomenological and microscopic considerations that
there is no d.c. Josephson effect in ordered bilayer quantum Hall systems, even
at T=0. Instead the tunnel conductance is strongly enhanced, approaching a
finite value proportional to the square of the order parameter as the
interlayer tunneling amplitude vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6966 </DOCNO>
How to detect edge electron states in (TMTSF)2X and Sr2RuO4


  We discuss a number of experiments that could detect the electron edge states
in the organic quasi-one-dimensional conductors (TMTSF)2X and the inorganic
quasi-two-dimensional perovskites Sr2RuO4. We consider the chiral edges states
in the magnetic-field-induced spin-density-wave (FISDW) phase of (TMTSF)2X and
in the time-reversal-symmetry-breaking triplet superconducting phase of
Sr2RuO4, as well as the nonchiral midgap edge states in the triplet
superconducting phase of $(TMTSF)2X. The most realistic experiment appears to
be an observation of spontaneous magnetic flux at the edges of Sr2RuO4 by a
scanning SQUID microscope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74878 </DOCNO>
Conformal expansions and renormalons


  The large-order behaviour of QCD is dominated by renormalons. On the other
hand renormalons do not occur in conformal theories, such as the one describing
the infrared fixed-point of QCD at small beta_0 (the Banks--Zaks limit). Since
the fixed-point has a perturbative realization, all-order perturbative
relations exist between the conformal coefficients, which are renormalon-free,
and the standard perturbative coefficients, which contain renormalons.
Therefore, an explicit cancellation of renormalons should occur in these
relations. The absence of renormalons in the conformal limit can thus be seen
as a constraint on the structure of the QCD perturbative expansion. We show
that the conformal constraint is non-trivial: a generic model for the
large-order behaviour violates it. We also analyse a specific example, based on
a renormalon-type integral over the two-loop running-coupling, where the
required cancellation does occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40994 </DOCNO>
Prospects of Very Long Base-Line Neutrino Oscillation Experiments with


  In this paper, we discuss physics potential of the Very Long Base-Line (VLBL)
Neutrino-Oscillation Experiments with the High Intensity Proton Accelerator
(HIPA), which is planned to be built by 2006 in Tokaimura, Japan.
 We propose to use conventional narrow-band \nu_\mu beams (NBB) from HIPA for
observing the \nu_\mu \to \nu_e transition probability and the \nu_\mu survival
probability.
 The pulsed NBB allows us to obtain useful information through counting
experiments at a huge water-Cherenkov detector which may be placed in our
neighbor countries.
 We study sensitivity of such an experiment to the neutrino mass hierarchy, the
mass-squared differences, the mixing angles and the CP phase of the 3\times 3
lepton flavor mixing matrix (MNS matrix).
 The CP phase can be measured with a 100kt detector if both the mass-squared
difference and U_{e3} elements of the MNS matrix are sufficiently large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169479 </DOCNO>
Quantum lower bounds for the collision and the element distinctness


  Given a function f as an oracle, the collision problem is to find two
distinct inputs i and j such that f(i)=f(j), under the promise that such inputs
exist. Since the security of many fundamental cryptographic primitives depends
on the hardness of finding collisions, quantum lower bounds for the collision
problem would provide evidence for the existence of cryptographic primitives
that are immune to quantum cryptanalysis.
  In this paper, we prove that any quantum algorithm for finding a collision in
an r-to-one function must evaluate the function Omega((n/r)^{1/3}) times, where
n is the size of the domain and r|n. This improves the previous best lower
bound of Omega((n/r)^{1/5}) evaluations due to Aaronson [quant-ph/0111102], and
is tight up to a constant factor.
  Our result also implies a quantum lower bound of Omega(n^{2/3}) queries to
the inputs for the element distinctness problem, which is to determine whether
or not the given n real numbers are distinct. The previous best lower bound is
Omega(sqrt{n}} queries in the black-box model; and Omega(sqrt{n}log{n})
comparisons in the comparisons-only model, due to H{\o}yer, Neerbek, and Shi
[ICALP'01, quant-ph/0102078].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86998 </DOCNO>
On the Cardy-Verlinde Entropy Formula in Viscous Cosmology


  The results of the paper of Verlinde [hep-th/0008140], discussing the
holographic principle in a radiation dominated universe, are extended when
allowing the cosmic fluid to possess a bulk viscosity. This corresponds to a
non-conformally invariant theory. The generalization of the Cardy-Verlinde
entropy formula to the case of a viscous universe seems from a formal point of
view to be possible, although we question on physical grounds some elements in
this kind of theory, especially the manner in which the Casimir energy is
evaluated. Our discussion suggests that for non-conformally invariant theories
the holographic definition of Casimir energy should be modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114007 </DOCNO>
Non-Newtonian effects in the peristaltic flow of a Maxwell fluid


  We analyzed the effect of viscoelasticity on the dynamics of fluids in porous
media by studying the flow of a Maxwell fluid in a circular tube, in which the
flow is induced by a wave traveling on the tube wall. The present study
investigates novelties brought about into the classic peristaltic mechanism by
inclusion of non-Newtonian effects that are important, for example, for
hydrocarbons. This problem has numerous applications in various branches of
science, including stimulation of fluid flow in porous media under the effect
of elastic waves. We have found that in the extreme non-Newtonian regime there
is a possibility of a fluid flow in the direction {\it opposite} to the
propagation of the wave traveling on the tube wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 485 </DOCNO>
Exotic plasma as classical Hall Liquid


  A non-relativistic plasma model endowed with an ``exotic'' structure
associated with the two-parameter central extension of the planar Galilei group
is constructed. Introducing a Chern-Simons statistical gauge field provides us
with a self-consistent system; when the magnetic field takes a critical value
determined by the extension parameters, the fluid becomes incompressible and
moves collectively, according to the Hall law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98065 </DOCNO>
Remarks on A-branes, Mirror Symmetry, and the Fukaya category


  We discuss D-branes of the topological A-model (A-branes), which are believed
to be closely related to the Fukaya category. We give string theory arguments
which show that A-branes are not necessarily Lagrangian submanifolds in the
Calabi-Yau: more general coisotropic branes are also allowed, if the line
bundle on the brane is not flat. We show that a coisotropic A-brane has a
natural structure of a foliated manifold with a transverse holomorphic
structure. We argue that the Fukaya category must be enlarged with such objects
for the Homological Mirror Symmetry conjecture to be true.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127949 </DOCNO>
Dust In I Zw 18 From Hubble Space Telescope Narrow Band Imaging


  We present new WFPC2 narrow band imaging of the blue compact dwarf galaxy I
Zw 18, which is host to the lowest-metallicity HII regions known. Images at
H-alpha and H-beta are combined with archival broad band images to allow the
study of the ionized gas distribution and morphology. Analysis of the
H-alpha/H-beta flux ratio reveals significant enhancements in some areas of
both the ``Northwest'' and ``Southeast'' regions of the galaxy, with ratios
elevated to levels as high as 3.4. The H-alpha/H-beta ratio varies considerably
with position throughout the galaxy. Comparing this distribution with the
stellar distribution indicates that the regions of enhanced H-alpha/H-beta
ratio are not due to the effects of either collisional excitation or underlying
stellar absorption, and therefore are most likely interpreted as the presence
of dust. This dust has an estimated mass of (2-5)x10^3 solar masses, which is
consistent with the IRAS far-IR non-detection. Under the assumption that dust
traces the presence of molecular gas, these results suggest that the molecular
component of the ISM of I Zw 18, which is needed to fuel its active star
formation, is also very clumpy. Such a distribution would be consistent with
the recent FUSE non-detections of diffuse H_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6792 </DOCNO>
Light and electric field control of ferromagnetism in magnetic quantum


  A strong influence of illumination and electric bias on the Curie temperature
and saturation value of the magnetization is demonstrated for semiconductor
structures containing a modulation-doped p-type Cd0.96Mn0.04Te quantum well
placed in various built-in electric fields. It is shown that both light beam
and bias voltage generate an isothermal and reversible cross-over between the
paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases, in the way that is predetermined by the
structure design. The observed behavior is in quantitative agreement with the
expectations for systems, in which ferromagnetic interactions are mediated by
the weakly disordered two-dimensional hole liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113998 </DOCNO>
Transition Events in Butane Simulations: Similarities Across Models


  From a variety of long simulations of all-atom butane using both stochastic
and fully-solved molecular dynamics, we have uncovered striking generic
behavior which also occurs in one-dimensional systems. We find an apparently
universal distribution of transition event durations, as well as a
characteristic speed profile along the reaction coordinate. An approximate
analytic distribution of event durations, derived from a one-dimensional model,
correctly predicts the asymptotic behavior of the universal distribution for
both short and long durations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1869 </DOCNO>
Bound spin-excitons in two-dimensional electron gas


  A theory of the spin exciton capture by a magnetic impurity in a 2D electron
gas is developed. We consider the resonance model for electron scattering by a
transition metal impurity and calculate the binding potential for spin
excitons. This potential is spin selective and is capable of binding a spin
exciton with zero angular momentum. In order to trap an exciton with a nonzero
angular momentum m, the potential must exceed a certain threshold value,
depending on m.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 607 </DOCNO>
Discrete Breathers in Josephson Ladders


  We present a study of nonlinear localized excitations called discrete
breathers in a superconducting array. These localized solutions were recently
observed in Josephson-junction ladder arrays by two different experimental
groups. We review the experiments made by Trias et al. We report the detection
of different single-site and multi-site breather states and study the dynamics
when changing the array bias current. By changing the temperature we can
control the value of the damping (the Stewart-McCumber parameter) in the array,
thus allowing an experimental study at different array parameters. We propose a
simple DC circuit model to understand most of the features of the detected
states. We have also compared this model and the experiments with simulations
of the dynamics of the array. We show that the study of the resonances in the
ladder and the use of harmonic balance techniques allow for understanding of
most of the numerical results. We have computed existence diagrams of breather
solutions in our arrays, found resonant localized solutions and described the
localized states in terms of vortex and antivortex motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6327 </DOCNO>
Collapse Dynamics of a Homopolymer: Theory and Simulation


  We present a scaling theory describing the collapse of a homopolymer chain in
poor solvent. At time t after the beginning of the collapse, the original
Gaussian chain of length N is streamlined to form N/g segments of length R(t),
each containing g ~ t monomers. These segments are statistical quantities
representing cylinders of length R ~ t^{1/2} and diameter d ~ t^{1/4}, but
structured out of stretched arrays of spherical globules. This prescription
incorporates the capillary instability. We compare the time-dependent structure
factor derived for our theory with that obtained from ultra-large-scale
molecular dynamics simulation with explicit solvent. This is the first time
such a detailed comparison of theoretical and simulation predictions of
collapsing chain structure has been attempted. The favorable agreement between
the theoretical and computed structure factors supports the picture of the
coarse-graining process during polymer collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168414 </DOCNO>
Quantum origin of classical properties within the modal interpretations


  An example is presented when decoherence and quantum interference gives rise
to narrow eigenstates (in coordinate representation) for the reduced density
matrix of macroscopic quantum systems. On the basis of modal interpretations
this means the emergence of classical properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85885 </DOCNO>
Energy and Momentum of a Class of Rotating Gravitational Waves


  We calculate energy and momentum for a class of cylindrical rotating
gravitational waves using Einstein and Papapetrou's prescriptions. It is shown
that the results obtained are reduced to the special case of the cylindrical
gravitational waves already available in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174771 </DOCNO>
Acceptance Dependence of Fluctuation in Particle Multiplicity


  The effect of limiting the acceptance in rapidity on event-by-event
multiplicity fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions has been investigated.
Our analysis shows that the multiplicity fluctuations decrease when the
rapidity acceptance is decreased. We explain this trend by assuming that the
probability distribution of the particles in the smaller acceptance window
follows binomial distribution. Following a simple statistical analysis we
conclude that the event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations for full acceptance
are likely to be larger than those observed in the experiments, since the
experiments usually have detectors with limited acceptance. We discuss the
application of our model to simulated data generated using VENUS, a widely used
event generator in heavy-ion collisions. We also discuss the results from our
calculations in presence of dynamical fluctuations and possible observation of
these in the actual data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74488 </DOCNO>
The Potential for Neutrino Physics at Muon Colliders and Dedicated High


  Conceptual design studies are underway for muon colliders and other
high-current muon storage rings that have the potential to become the first
true ``neutrino factories''. Muon decays in long straight sections of the
storage rings would produce precisely characterized beams of electron and muon
type neutrinos of unprecedented intensity. This article reviews the prospects
for these facilities to greatly extend our capabilities for neutrino
experiments, largely emphasizing the physics of neutrino interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73669 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment, lepton flavor violation, and flavor


  Motivated by the large mixing angle solutions for the atmospheric and solar
neutrino anomalies, flavor changing neutral current processes and lepton flavor
violating processes as well as the muon anomalous magnetic moment are analyzed
in the framework of SU(5) SUSY GUT with right-handed neutrino. In order to
explain realistic mass relations for quarks and leptons, we take into account
effects of higher dimensional operators above the GUT scale. It is shown that
the supersymmetric (SUSY) contributions to the CP violation parameter in
$K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing, $\epsilon_K$, the $\mu \to e \gamma$ branching ratio,
and the muon anomalous magnetic moment become large in a wide range of
parameter space. We also investigate correlations among these quantities.
Within the current experimental bound of $\text{B}(\mu \to e \gamma)$, large
SUSY contributions are possible either in the muon anomalous magnetic moment or
in $\epsilon_K$. In the former case, the favorable value of the recent muon
anomalous magnetic moment measurement at the BNL E821 experiment can be
accommodated. In the latter case, the allowed region of the Kobayashi-Maskawa
phase can be different from the prediction within the Standard Model (SM) and
therefore the measurements of the CP asymmetry of $B\to J/\psi K_S$ mode and
$\Delta m_{B_s}$ could discriminate this case from the SM. We also show that
the $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ branching ratio can be close to the current
experimental upperbound and the mixing induced CP asymmetry of the radiative B
decay can be enhanced in the case where the neutrino parameters correspond to
the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein small mixing angle solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2141 </DOCNO>
Resistance spikes and domain wall loops in Ising quantum Hall


  We explain the recent observation of resistance spikes and hysteretic
transport properties in Ising quantum Hall ferromagnets in terms of the unique
physics of their domain walls. Self-consistent RPA/Hartree-Fock theory is
applied to microscopically determine properties of the ground state and
domain-wall excitations. In these systems domain wall loops support
one-dimensional electron systems with an effective mass comparable to the bare
electron mass and may carry charge. Our theory is able to account
quantitatively for the experimental Ising critical temperature and to explain
characteristics of the resistive hysteresis loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1491 </DOCNO>
Electrostatic force spectroscopy of a single InAs quantum dot


  Electrostatic force microscopy at cryogenic temperatures was used to probe
the electrostatic interaction between a conductive atomic force microscopy tip
and electronic charges trapped in an InAs quantum dot. Measurement of the
self-oscillation frequency shift of the cantilever as a function of tip-sample
bias voltage revealed discrete jumps at certain voltages when the tip was
positioned above a quantum dot. These jumps are attributed to single-electron
filling of the electronic states of the quantum dot. The estimated resonant
energies of two s-states and four p-states are compared with the experimental
data obtained for an ensemble of quantum dots by the capacitance measurement
technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81424 </DOCNO>
Multi-Layer Structure in the Strongly Five Dimensional Abelian Higgs


  We explore the phase diagram of the 5--D anisotropic Abelian Higgs model by
Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, we study the transition between the
confining phase and the four dimensional layered Higgs phase. We find that, in
a certain region of the lattice parameter space, this transition can be first
order and that each layer moves into the Higgs phase independently of the
others (decoupling of layers).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4050 </DOCNO>
Two-hole dynamics in spin ladders


  We present an analytic theory for the energy spectrum of a two-leg spin
ladder doped with two holes. Starting from a pseudo-fermion-bond-boson
representation of the corresponding $t_{1,2}-J_{1,2}$ Hamiltonian we apply a
diagrammatic approach adapted to the limit of strong rung coupling, which
includes both, the coupling of holes to the spin background as well as the
two-hole interactions. The two-hole spectrum is calculated and the formation of
bound states is discussed. Additionally the evolution of the spin gap of the
ladder upon doping is analyzed. A comparison with existing exact
diagonalization data is presented and good agreement is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 787 </DOCNO>
An Unusual Antagonistic Pleiotropy in the Penna Model for Biological


  We combine the Penna Model for biological aging, which is based on the
mutation-accumulation theory, with a sort of antagonistic pleiotropy. We show
that depending on how the pleiotropy is introduced, it is possible to reproduce
both the humans mortality, which increases exponentially with age, and fruitfly
mortality, which decelerates at old ages, allowing the appearance of
arbitrarily old Methuselah's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95562 </DOCNO>
Invariants of Legendrian Knots and Coherent Orientations


  We provide a translation between Chekanov's combinatorial theory for
invariants of Legendrian knots in the standard contact R^3 and a relative
version of Eliashberg and Hofer's Contact Homology. We use this translation to
transport the idea of ``coherent orientations'' from the Contact Homology world
to Chekanov's combinatorial setting. As a result, we obtain a lifting of
Chekanov's differential graded algebra invariant to an algebra over Z[t,t^{-1}]
with a full Z grading.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3111 </DOCNO>
Symmetry of high-piezoelectric Pb-based complex perovskites at the


  The structural characteristics of the perovskite- based ferroelectric
Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-9%PbTiO3 at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region
(x&#8771;0.09) have been analyzed. The analysis is based on the symmetry
adapted free energy functions under the assumption that the total polarization
and the unit cell volume are conserved during the transformations between
various morphotropic phases. Overall features of the relationships between the
observed lattice constants at various conditions have been consistently
explained. The origin of the anomalous physical properties at MPB is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5322 </DOCNO>
Biexcitons in Coupled Quantum Dots as a Source for Entangled Photons


  We study biexcitonic states in two tunnel-coupled semiconductor quantum dots
and show that they provide a source for entangled photons which are spatially
separated at production. We distinguish between the various spin configurations
and calculate the low-energy biexciton spectrum using the Heitler-London
approximation as a function of magnetic and electric fields. We calculate the
oscillator strengths for the biexciton recombination involving the sequential
emission of two photons with entangled polarizations corresponding to the spin
configuration in the biexciton states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6273 </DOCNO>
Statistical Significance of Periodicity and Log-Periodicity with


  We estimate the probability that random noise, of several plausible standard
distributions, creates a false alarm that a periodicity (or log-periodicity) is
found in a time series. We investigate general situations with non-Gaussian
correlated noises and present synthetic tests on the detectability and
statistical significance of periodic components. Increasing heavy-tailness
(respectively correlations describing persistence) tends to decrease
(respectively increase) the false-alarm probability of finding a large spurious
Lomb peak. Increasing anti-persistence tends to decrease the false-alarm
probability. We also study the interplay between heavy-tailness and long-range
correlations. In order to fully determine if a Lomb peak signals a genuine
rather than a spurious periodicity, one should in principle characterize the
Lomb peak height, its width and its relations to other peaks in the complete
spectrum. As a step towards this full characterization, we construct the
joint-distribution of the frequency position (relative to other peaks) and of
the height of the highest peak of the power spectrum. We also provide the
distributions of the ratio of the second highest Lomb peak to the maximum peak.
Using the insight obtained by the present statistical study, we re-examine
previously reported claims of ``log-periodicity'' and find that the credibility
for log-periodicity in 2D-freely decaying turbulence is weakened while it is
strengthened for fracture, for the ion-signature prior to the Kobe earthquake
and for financial markets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72783 </DOCNO>
Interpretation of SAMPLE and HAPPEX Experimental Results on Strange


  A behaviour of strange nucleon form factors is predicted by means of Jaffe's
idea about the relations of $\omega$ and $\phi$ vector-meson coupling constant
ratios. Its application to a specific eight-resonance unitary and analytic
model of nucleon electromagnetic structure, describing also the time-like
nucleon electromagnetic form factor data, explains the positive central values
from recent SAMPLE and HAPPEX experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124919 </DOCNO>
Calibration of the CH and CN Variations Among Main Sequence Stars in M71


  An analysis of the CN and CH band strengths measured in a large sample of M71
and M13 main sequence stars by Cohen (1999a,b) is undertaken using synthetic
spectra to quantify the underlying C and N abundances. In the case of M71 it is
found that the observed CN and CH band strengths are best matched by the
{\it{identical}} C/N/O abundances which fit the bright giants, implying: 1)
little if any mixing is taking place during red giant branch ascent in M71, and
2) a substantial component of the C and N abundance inhomogeneities is in place
before the main sequence turn-off. The unlikelihood of mixing while on the main
sequence requires an explanation for the abundance variations which lies
outside the present stars (primordial inhomogeneities or intra-cluster self
enrichment). For M13 it is shown that the 3883\AA CN bands are too weak to be
measured in the spectra for any reasonable set of expected compositions. A
similar situation exists for CH as well. However, two of the more luminous
program stars do appear to have C abundances considerably greater than those
found among the bright giants thereby suggesting deep mixing has taken place on
the M13 red giant branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75480 </DOCNO>
Infrared Dynamics in Vector-Like Gauge Theories: QCD and Beyond


  Pade-approximant methods are used to extract information about leading
positive zeros or poles of QCD and SQCD beta-functions from the known terms of
their perturbative series. For QCD, such methods are seen to corroborate the
flavour-threshold behaviour obtained via lattice approaches for the occurrence
of infrared-stable fixed points.All possible Pade-approximant versions of the
known (one- to four-loop) terms of the QCD MS-bar beta-function series are
consistent with this threshold occurring at or above n_f = 6. This conclusion
continues to be true even if higher-degree Pade-approximants are introduced to
accommodate an arbitrary five-loop contribution to the QCD beta-function for a
given number of flavours.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124277 </DOCNO>
A probabilistic formulation for Empirical Population Synthesis: Sampling


  We present a probabilistic formulation of the classical problem of
synthesizing spectral properties of a galaxy using a base of star clusters. The
problem consists of estimating the population vector x, composed by the
contributions of n_star base elements to the integrated spectrum of a galaxy,
and the extinction A_V, given a set of absorption line equivalent widths and
continuum colors. The formalism is applied to the n_star = 12 base defined by
Schmidt etal and subsequently used in several studies. The 13-D parameter space
is explored with a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling scheme based on the
Metropolis algorithm, which produces a smooth and efficient mapping of the
P(x,A_V) probability distribution.
  This version of Empirical Population Synthesis is used to investigate the
ability to recover the detailed history of star-formation and chemical
evolution using this spectral base. This is studied as a function of (1) the
magnitude of the measurement errors and (2) the set of observables used in the
synthesis. Only for extremely high S/N all 12 base proportions can be
accurately recovered, though the observables are very precisely reproduced for
any S/N. Furthermore, the individual mean x components are biased in the sense
that components which carry a large fraction of the light tend to share their
contribution preferably among components of same age. This compensation effect
is linked to noise-induced linear dependences in the base, which very
effectively redistribute the likelihood in x-space. The age distribution,
however, can be satisfactorily recovered for realistic data quality. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174762 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Reactor Safeguards and Monitoring with Antineutrino Detectors


  Cubic-meter-sized antineutrino detectors can be used to non-intrusively,
robustly and automatically monitor and safeguard a wide variety of nuclear
reactor types, including power reactors, research reactors, and plutonium
production reactors. Since the antineutrino spectra and relative yields of
fissioning isotopes depend on the isotopic composition of the core, changes in
composition can be observed without ever directly accessing the core itself.
Information from a modest-sized antineutrino detector, coupled with the
well-understood principles that govern the core's evolution in time, can be
used to determine whether the reactor is being operated in an illegitimate way.
A group at Sandia is currently constructing a one cubic meter antineutrino
detector at the San Onofre reactor site in California to demonstrate these
principles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3819 </DOCNO>
Reversal of thermopower oscillations in mesoscopic Andreev


  We report measurements of thermopower oscillations $vs$ magnetic field in a
diffusive Andreev interferometer. Upon the increase of the dc current applied
to the heater electrodes, the amplitude of these oscillations first increases
then goes to zero as one would expect. Surprisingly, the oscillations reappear
at yet higher heater currents with their phase being $\pi$-shifted compared to
low current values. From direct measurements of the temperature gradient we
estimate the amplitude of the oscillations to be orders of magnitude smaller
than predicted by theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128042 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton Observation of a Distant X-ray Selected Cluster of Galaxies


  We report on the XMM-Newton (XMM) observation of RXJ1053.7+5735, one of the
most distant (z = 1.26) X-ray selected clusters of galaxies, which also shows
an unusual double-lobed X-ray morphology, indicative of possible
cluster-cluster interaction. The cluster was discovered during our ROSAT deep
pointings in the direction of the Lockman Hole. The XMM observations were
performed with the European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) during the performance
verification phase. Total effective exposure time was ~ 100 ksec. The best fit
temperature based on a simultaneous fit of spectra from the all EPIC cameras is
4.9(+1.5/-0.9) keV. Metallicity is poorly constrained even using the joint fit
of all spectra, with an upper limit on the iron abundance of 0.62 solar. Using
the best fit model parameters, we derived a bolometric luminosity of L(bol) =
3.4x10^44 h_{50}^-2 erg /s. Despite the fact that it was observed at fairly
large off-axis angle, the temperature errors are much smaller compared with
those of typical measurements based on ASCA or Beppo-Sax observations of z >
0.6 clusters, demonstrating the power of the XMM for determining the X-ray
temperature for high-z clusters. The measured temperature and luminosity show
that one can easily reach the intrinsically X-ray faint and cool cluster regime
comparable with those of z ~ 0.4 clusters observed by past satellites. The new
cluster temperature and L(bol) we have measured for RXJ1053.7+5735 is
consistent with a weak/no evolution of the L(bol) - Tx relation out to z ~ 1.3,
which lends support to a low Omega universe, although more data-points of z > 1
clusters are required for a more definitive statement. The caution has to be
also exercised in interpreting the result, because of the uncertainty
associated with the dynamical status of this cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7270 </DOCNO>
Correlation Functions for an Elastic String in a Random Potential:


  We develop an instanton technique for calculations of correlation functions
characterizing statistical behavior of the elastic string in disordered media
and apply the proposed approach to correlations of string free energies
corresponding to different low-lying metastable positions. We find high-energy
tails of correlation functions for the case of long-range disorder (the
disorder correlation length well exceeds the characteristic distance between
the sequential string positions) and short-range disorder with the correlation
length much smaller then the characteristic string displacements. The former
case refers to energy distributions and correlations on the distances below the
Larkin correlation length, while the latter describes correlations on the large
spatial scales relevant for the creep dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114242 </DOCNO>
Information-Control Software for Handling Serial Devices in an EPICS


  Each accelerator control system has a variety of measurement devices. One of
the most common types of instrument interfaces used for their control is a
serial (RS-232) bus. It is inexpensive and adequate for relatively simple
measurement and control devices such as switchers, amplifiers, voltmeters, and
steppermotors. Since the RS-232 specification is very broad and does not
require uniformity above the basic communication protocol level, one of the
major problems associated with the use of RS-232 is that the command protocol
for each device is unique. This makes it difficult to design generic drivers
for RS-232 and also hampers efforts to design generic troubleshooting methods.
This paper presents software developed independently at three other labs and
integrated into a single system at Jefferson Lab to handle serial devices in a
generic manner. The software is based on the EPICS toolkit and uses a 3-tier
architecture including a common serial driver at the bottom, a top-level
protocol to specify individual device commands in a generic manner, and a
mid-level of software to "glue" the two together.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72921 </DOCNO>
SU(5) Grand Unification in Extra Dimensions and Proton Decay


  We analyse proton decay in the context of simple supersymmetric SU(5) grand
unified models with an extra compact spatial dimension described by the
orbifold S^1/(Z_2 x Z_2'). Gauge and Higgs degrees of freedom live in the bulk,
while matter fields can only live at the fixed point branes. We present an
extended discussion of matter interactions on the brane. We show that proton
decay is naturally suppressed or even forbidden by suitable implementations of
the parity symmetries on the brane. The corresponding mechanism does not affect
the SU(5) description of fermion masses also including the neutrino sector,
where Majorana mass terms remain allowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96193 </DOCNO>
On the Schlesinger transformations of the sixth Painlev\'e equation


  Following the recent discovery of two new Schlesinger transformations (ST)
for the sixth Painlev\'e equation, we give the interrelations between all the
known STs. We thus isolate the unique one which at the same time conserves the
independent variable and is not a product of other STs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3308 </DOCNO>
The diffusion coefficient of propagating fronts with multiplicative


  Recent studies have shown that in the presence of noise both fronts
propagating into a metastable state and so-called pushed fronts propagating
into an unstable state, exhibit diffusive wandering about the average position.
In this paper we derive an expression for the effective diffusion coefficient
of such fronts, which was motivated before on the basis of a multiple scale
ansatz. Our systematic derivation is based on the decomposition of the
fluctuating front into a suitably positioned average profile plus fluctuating
eigenmodes of the stability operator. While the fluctuations of the front
position in this particular decomposition are a Wiener process on all time
scales, the fluctuations about the time averaged front profile relax
exponentially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85676 </DOCNO>
The twin paradox in compact spaces


  Twins travelling at constant relative velocity will each see the other's time
dilate leading to the apparent paradox that each twin believes the other ages
more slowly. In a finite space, the twins can both be on inertial, periodic
orbits so that they have the opportunity to compare their ages when their paths
cross. As we show, they will agree on their respective ages and avoid the
paradox. The resolution relies on the selection of a preferred frame singled
out by the topology of the space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127361 </DOCNO>
The electron temperature of the inner halo of the Planetary Nebula NGC


  We investigate the electron temperature of the inner halo and nebular core
regions of NGC 6543, using archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field
Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) images taken through narrow band [O III] filters.
Balick et al. (2001) showed that the inner halo consists of a number of
spherical shells. We find the temperature of this inner halo to be much higher
(~15000 K) than that of the bright core nebula (~8500 K). Photo-ionization
models indicate that hardening of the UV radiation from the central star cannot
be the main source of the higher temperature in the halo region. Using a
radiation hydrodynamic simulation, we show that mass loss and velocity
variations in the AGB wind can explain the observed shells, as well as the
higher electron temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95822 </DOCNO>
Fully commutative Kazhdan-Lusztig cells


  We investigate the compatibility of the set of fully commutative elements of
a Coxeter group with the various types of Kazhdan-Lusztig cells using a
canonical basis for a generalized version of the Temperley-Lieb algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73878 </DOCNO>
A new method to study lattice QCD at finite temperature and chemical


  Due to the sign problem, it is exponentially difficult to study QCD on the
lattice at finite chemical potential. We propose a method --an overlap
improving multi-parameter reweighting technique-- to alleviate this problem. We
apply this method and give the phase diagram of four-flavor QCD obtained on
lattices 4^4 and 4\cdot6^3. Our results are based on {\cal{O}}(10^3-10^4)
configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 259 </DOCNO>
Competition of Zener and polaron phases in doped CMR manganites


  Inspired by the strong experimental evidence for the coexistence of localized
and itinerant charge carriers close to the metal-insulator transition in the
ferromagnetic phase of colossal magnetoresistive manganese perovskites, for a
theoretical description of the CMR transition we propose a two-phase scenario
with percolative characteristics between equal-density polaron and Zener
band-electron states. We find that the subtle balance between these two states
with distinctly different electronic properties can be readily influenced by
varying physical parameters, producing various ``colossal'' effects, such as
the large magnetization and conductivity changes in the vicinity of the
transition temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124308 </DOCNO>
FUSE Limits on FUV Emission from Warm Gas in Clusters of Galaxies


  We have obtained FUV spectra of two clusters of galaxies with FUSE, the Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. The Coma cluster was observed for a total
of 28.6 ksec, the Virgo cluster for 10.9 ksec. Neither spectrum shows
significant O VI (1032, 1038 A) emission at the cluster redshift. Such emission
would be expected from the warm [(5-10) x 10^5 K] component of the intracluster
medium that has been proposed to explain the excess EUV and SXR flux present in
EUVE and ROSAT observations of these clusters. Our 2-sigma upper limits on the
O VI 1032 A flux from Coma and Virgo exclude all published warm-gas models of
the EUV excess in these clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97156 </DOCNO>
From coherent sheaves to curves in {\bf P}^3


  This paper is the text of a lecture given at the Catania conference on
Commutative Algebra and Algebraic Geometry, in honor of the 60th birthday of
Silvio Greco. It analyses the correspondences between equivalence classes of
objects related to the projective 3-space ${\bf P}^3_k$ over a field $k$ : -
vector bundles ${\cal F}$ such that $H_*^2({\cal F})=0$ up to stable
equivalence - coherent sheaves of projective dimension $\leq 1$ up to
pseudo-equivalence - finite length graded $k[X,Y,Z,T]$-modules, modulo
isomorphism - biliaison classes of locally Cohen-Macaulay curves. In
particular, it leads to the natural question : ``If a biliaison class contains
subcanonical curves, is a minimal curve subcanonical ?'' for which a positive
answer was given in math.AG/0102222.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168689 </DOCNO>
Equilibria of Replicator Dynamic in Quantum Games


  An evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) was originally defined as a static
concept but later given a dynamic characterization. A well known theorem in
evolutionary game theory says that an ESS is an attractor of replicator dynamic
but not every attractor is an ESS. We search for a dynamic characterization of
ESSs in quantum games and find that in certain asymmetric bi-matrix games
evolutionary stability of attractors can change as the game switches between
its two forms, one classical and other quantum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 719 </DOCNO>
Frontiers of Inflationary Cosmology


  After a brief review of the theory of cosmological perturbations, I highlight
some recent progress in the area of reheating in inflationary cosmology,
focusing in particular on parametric amplification of super-Hubble cosmological
fluctuations, and on the role of noise in the resonance dynamics (yielding a
new proof of Anderson localization). I then discuss several important
conceptual problems for the current realizations of inflation based on
fundamental scalar matter fields, and review some new approaches at solving
these problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169535 </DOCNO>
Comments on the experimental disproof of Multisimultaneity


  The recent Geneva experiment strikingly displays lawlike reversibility
together with quantum nonseparability. As in any probabilistic physics
correlation expresses interaction, and as Born's probability rules grafted upon
de Broglie's wave mechanics turn the probability scheme into the code of an
information transmitting telegraph, the Lorentz and CPT invariant transition
amplitude reversibly carries a zigzagging causation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 382 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics of asset markets with private information


  Traders in a market typically have widely different, private information on
the return of an asset. The equilibrium price of the asset may reflect this
information more accurately if the number of traders is large enough compared
to the number of the states of the world that determine the return of the
asset. We study the transition from markets where prices do not reflect the
information accurately into markets where it does. In competitive markets, this
transition takes place suddenly, at a critical value of the ratio between
number of states and number of traders. The Nash equilibrium market behaves
quite differently from a competitive market even in the limit of large
economies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98418 </DOCNO>
The Geometry of Quantum Mechanics


  A recent notion in theoretical physics is that not all quantum theories arise
from quantising a classical system. Also, a given quantum model may possess
more than just one classical limit. These facts find strong evidence in string
duality and M-theory, and it has been suggested that they should also have a
counterpart in quantum mechanics. In view of these developments we propose
"dequantisation", a mechanism to render a quantum theory classical.
Specifically, we present a geometric procedure to "dequantise" a given quantum
mechanics (regardless of its classical origin, if any) to possibly different
classical limits, whose quantisation gives back the original quantum theory.
The standard classical limit $\hbar\to 0$ arises as a particular case of our
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149095 </DOCNO>
String Theory on AdS Orbifolds


  We consider worldsheet string theory on $Z_N$ orbifolds of $AdS_3$ associated
with conical singularities. If the orbifold action includes a similar twist of
$S^3$, supersymmetry is preserved, and there is a moduli space of vacua arising
from blowup modes of the orbifold singularity. We exhibit the spectrum,
including the properties of twisted sectors and states obtained by fractional
spectral flow. A subalgebra of the spacetime superconformal symmetry remains
intact after the $Z_N$ quotient, and serves as the spacetime symmetry algebra
of the orbifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2555 </DOCNO>
Adiabaticity Criterion for Moving Vortices in Dilute Bose-Einstein


  Considering a moving vortex line in a dilute atomic Bose-Einstein condensate
within time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov-Popov theory, we derive a
criterion for the quasiparticle excitations to follow the vortex core rigidly.
The assumption of adiabaticity, which is crucial for the validity of the
stationary self-consistent theories in describing such time-dependent
phenomena, is shown to imply a stringent criterion for the velocity of the
vortex line. Furthermore, this condition is shown to be violated in the recent
vortex precession experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1950 </DOCNO>
Theory of the non-equilibrium quasiparticle distribution induced by


  It is shown that in resistive nanowires out of equilibrium containing either
single- or two-channel Kondo impurities the distribution function $f(E,U)$
obeys scaling behavior in terms of the quasiparticle energy $E$ and the bias
voltage $U$. The numerically calculated $f(E,U)$ curves explain quantitatively
recent experiments on Cu and Au nanowires. The systematics of the impurity
concentration c_{imp} extracted from the comparison between theory and results
on various Cu and Au samples strongly suggests that in these systems the
scaling arises from magnetic Kondo impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148830 </DOCNO>
Triplectic Gauge Fixing for N=1 Super Yang-Mills Theory


  The Sp(2)-gauge fixing of N = 1 super-Yang-Mills theory is considered here.
We thereby apply the triplectic scheme, where two classes of gauge-fixing
bosons are introduced. The first one depends only on the gauge field, whereas
the second boson depends on this gauge field and also on a pair of Majorana
fermions. In this sense, we build up the BRST extended (BRST plus antiBRST)
algebras for the model, for which the nilpotency relations,
s^2_1=s^2_2=s_1s_2+s_2s_1=0, hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113507 </DOCNO>
A simple Solvable Model of Body Motion in a One-dimensional Resistive


  We introduce and solve in closed form a simple model of a macroscopic body
propagating in a one-dimensional resistive medium at temperature T. The
assumption of completely inelastic collisions between the body and the
particles composing the medium leads to a resistive force that is opposite and
proportional to the square of the body's velocity

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149027 </DOCNO>
The General Correlation Function in the Schwinger Model on a Torus


  In the framework of the Euclidean path integral approach we derive the exact
formula for the general N-point chiral densities correlator in the Schwinger
model on a torus

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95649 </DOCNO>
Formal structures and representation spaces


  M. Kapranov introduced and studied in math.AG/9802041 the noncommutative
formal structure of a smooth affine variety. In this note we show that his
construction is a special case of microlocalization and extend it in a
functorial way to representation schemes of affine algebras. We describe the
formal completion in the case of path algebras of quivers and initiate the
study of their finite dimensional representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6146 </DOCNO>
Magnetic field tuning of charge and spin order in the cuprate


  Recent neutron scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning tunneling
microscopy experiments have yielded valuable new information on the interplay
between charge and spin density wave order and superconductivity in the cuprate
superconductors, by using an applied perpendicular magnetic field to tune the
ground state properties. We compare the results of these experiments with the
predictions of a theory which assumed that the ordinary superconductor was
proximate to a quantum transition to a superconductor with co-existing
spin/charge density wave order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73055 </DOCNO>
Aspects of near threshold neutral pion photoproduction off protons


  We investigate near threshold neutral pion photoproduction off protons to
fourth order in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory in the light of the new
data from MAMI. We show that the unitarity cusp at the secondary \pi^+ n
threshold is in agreement with expectations from the final state theorem. We
also analyze the fourth order corrections to the P-wave low-energy theorems and
show that potentially large Delta-isobar contributions are cancelled by
sizeable pion loop effects. This solidifies the parameter free third order
predictions, which are in excellent agreement with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6980 </DOCNO>
Spin-dependent electrical transport in ion-beam sputter deposited Fe-Cr


  The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity and
magnetoresistance of Xe-ion beam sputtered Fe-Cr multilayers has been
investigated. The electrical resistivity between 5 and 300 K in the fully
ferromagnetic state, obtained by applying a field beyond the saturation field
(H_sat) necessary for the antiferromagnetic(AF)-ferromagnetic(FM) field-induced
transition, shows evidence of spin-disorder resistivity as in crystalline Fe
and an s-d scattering contribution (as in 3d metals and alloys). The sublattice
magnetization m(T) in these multilayers has been calculated in terms of the
planar and interlayer exchange energies. The additional spin-dependent
scattering \Delta \rho (T) = \rho(T,H=0)_AF - \rho(T,H=H_sat)_FM in the AF
state over a wide range of temperature is found to be proportional to the
sublattice magnetization, both \Delta \rho(T) and m(T) reducing along with the
antiferromagnetic fraction. At intermediate fields, the spin-dependent part of
the electrical resistivity (\rho_s (T)) fits well to the power law \rho_s (T) =
b - cT^\alpha where c is a constant and b and \alpha are functions of H. At low
fields \alpha \approx 2 and the intercept b decreases with H much the same way
as the decrease of \Delta \rho (T) with T. A phase diagram (T vs. H_sat) is
obtained for the field- induced AF to FM transition. Comparisons are made
between the present investigation and similar studies using dc magnetron
sputtered and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) grown Fe-Cr multilayers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114100 </DOCNO>
Rotational kinetics of absorbing dust grains in neutral gas


  We study the rotational and translational kinetics of massive particulates
(dust grains) absorbing the ambient gas. Equations for microscopic phase
densities are deduced resulting in the Fokker-Planck equation for the dust
component. It is shown that although there is no stationary distribution, the
translational and rotational temperatures of dust tend to certain values, which
differ from the temperature of the ambient gas. The influence of the inner
structure of grains on rotational kinetics is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4749 </DOCNO>
Effect of Charge Fluctuations on the Persistent Current through a


  We study coherent charge transfer between an Aharonov-Bohm ring and a
side-attached quantum dot. The charge fluctuation between the two
sub-structures is shown to give rise to algebraic suppression of the persistent
current circulating the ring as the size of the ring becomes relatively large.
The charge fluctuation at resonance provides transition between the diamagnetic
and the paramagnetic states.
 Universal scaling, crossover behavior of the persistent current from a
continuous to a discrete energy limit in the ring is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113896 </DOCNO>
On the superluminal propagation of light-pulses in a ''transparent''


  The mechanisms leading to a seemingly superluminal propagation of light in
dispersive media are examined. The anomalous dispersion near an absorption
line, involved in the first experiments displaying negative group velocity
propagation, is shown to be not only simpler but also more efficient than the
so-called transparent dispersion used in the later experiments of Wang et al.
(Nature (London) 406, 277 (2000)) and of Dogariu et al. (Phys.Rev.A 63, 053806
(2001)). The modest pulse advances observed by these authors can in particular
be reproduced with a better overall transmittance of the medium and the
significant advances attained with a single-line arrangement would probably be
unattainable with their gain-doublet arrangement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73996 </DOCNO>
A Relation between Coherent States and Generalized Bell States


  In the first half we show an interesting relation between coherent states and
the Bell states in the case of spin 1/2, which was suggested by Fivel. In the
latter half we treat generalized coherent states and try to generalize this
relation to get several generalized Bell states. Our method is based on a
geometry and our task may give a hint to open a deep relation between a
coherence and an entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7086 </DOCNO>
Effect of dielectric responses on localization in 1D random


  Dielectric response effects on wave localization in random
periodic-on-average layered systems (POAS) are studied. Based on Monte Carlo
simulations and products of Random Matrices, statistics of the
Lyapunovmexponent are determined efficiently for very long systems. A novel
oscillatory behavior for the Lyapunov exponent is found and explained for
mildly strong scattering conditions. We also show the emergence of strongly
localized states in metallic layered systems with intermediate disorder for
frequencies above the plasma frequency $\omega_{p}$ of metals, as is not shown
in dielectrics. Furthermore, the violation of universal single parameter
scaling behaviors in different regimes of multiple scattering is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123949 </DOCNO>
The Tolman Surface Brightness Test for the Reality of the Expansion. I.


  The extensive CCD photometry by Postman & Lauer (1995, ApJ, 440, 28) in the
Cape/Cousins R photometric band for first ranked cluster elliptical and S0
galaxies in 118 low redshift clusters is analyzed for the correlations between
average surface brightness, linear radius, and absolute magnitude. The purpose
is to calibrate the correlations between these three parameters in the limit of
zero redshift. These local correlations provide the comparisons to be made in
Paper IV with the sample of early-type galaxies at high redshift in search of
the Tolman surface brightness signal of (1 + z)^4 if the expansion is real.
Surface brightness averages are calculated at various metric radii in each
galaxy in the sample. The definition of such radii by Petrosian (1976, ApJ,
209, L1) uses ratios of observed surface photometric data. The observed surface
brightnesses are listed for 118 first ranked cluster galaxies at Petrosian eta
radii of 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 2.0, and 2.5 mag. The three local diagnostic
correlation diagrams are defined and discussed. We review the Tolman test and
show that, although recipes from the standard cosmological model that already
have the Tolman signal incorporated are required to calculate linear radii and
absolute magnitudes from the observed data, the test is nevertheless free from
the hermeneutical circularity dilemma occasionally claimed in the literature.
The reasons are the observed mean surface brightness (1) is independent of any
assumptions of cosmological model, (2) does not depend on the existence of a
Tolman signal because it is calculated directly from the data using only
angular radii and apparent magnitudes, and (3) can be used to search for the
Tolman signal because it carries the bulk of that signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41122 </DOCNO>
A Comment on the Extractions of V_{ub} from Radiative Decays


  We present a model independent closed form expression for |V_{ub}|^2/|V_{tb}
V_{ts}^*|^2, which includes the resummation of large endpoint logarithms as
well as the interference effects from the operators $O_2$ and $O_8$. We
demonstrate that the method to extract |V_{ub}| presented by the authors in
hep-ph/9909404, and modified in this letter to include interference effects, is
not just a refinement of the method introduced in hep-ph/9312311. We also
discuss the model dependence of the latter proposal. Furthermore, we show that
the resummation is not negligible and that the Landau pole does not introduce
any significant uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150063 </DOCNO>
Symmetry aspects of fermions coupled to torsion and electromagnetic


  We study and explore the symmetry properties of fermions coupled to dynamical
torsion and electromagnetic fields. The stability of the theory upon radiative
corrections as well as the presence of anomalies are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148336 </DOCNO>
Non-Extremal Gravity Duals for Fractional D3-Branes on the Conifold


  The world volume theory on $N$ regular and $M$ fractional D3-branes at the
conifold singularity is a non-conformal ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric
$SU(N+M)\times SU(N)$ gauge theory. In previous work the extremal Type IIB
supergravity dual of this theory at zero temperature was constructed.
Regularity of the solution requires a deformation of the conifold: this is a
reflection of the chiral symmetry breaking. To study the non-zero temperature
generalizations non-extremal solutions have to be considered, and in the high
temperature phase the chiral symmetry is expected to be restored. Such a
solution is expected to have a regular Schwarzschild horizon. We construct an
ansatz necessary to study such non-extremal solutions and show that the
simplest possible solution has a singular horizon. We derive the system of
second order equations in the radial variable whose solutions may have regular
horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126477 </DOCNO>
Ionized Gas in Spheroids: The SAURON Survey


  Early results are reported from the SAURON survey of the kinematics and
stellar populations of nearby cluster and field E, S0, and Sa galaxies. We
present maps of the Hbeta and [OIII] emission-line distribution and kinematics
for NGC 5813 and NGC 7742.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124104 </DOCNO>
Emissivity Statistics in Turbulent, Compressible MHD Flows and the


  In this paper we test the results of a recent analytical study by Lazarian
and Pogosyan, on the statistics of emissivity in velocity channel maps, in the
case of realistic density and velocity fields obtained from numerical
simulations of MHD turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM). To compensate
for the lack of well-developed inertial ranges in the simulations due to the
limited resolution, we apply a procedure for modifying the spectral slopes of
the fields while preserving the spatial structures. We find that the density
and velocity are moderately correlated in space and prove that the analytical
results by Lazarian and Pogosyan hold in the case when these fields obey the
fluid conservation equations. Our results imply that the spectra of velocity
and density can be safely recovered from the position-position-velocity (PPV)
data cubes available through observations, and confirm that the relative
contributions of the velocity and density fluctuations to those of the
emissivity depend on the velocity resolution used and on the steepness of the
density spectral index. Furthermore, this paper supports previous reports that
an interpretation of the features in the PPV data cubes as simple density
enhancements (i.e., ``clouds'') can be often erroneous, as we observe that
changes in the velocity statistics substantially modify the statistics of
emissivity within the velocity data cubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149003 </DOCNO>
Issues on Radiatively Induced Lorentz and CPT Violation in Quantum


  Various ambiguous results on radiatively induced Lorentz and CPT violation in
quantum electrodynamics with a modified fermionic sector are reviewed and
possible explanations for this ambiguity appearing in the literature are
commentated. Furthermore, joint between stringent limit from astrophysical
observation and theoretical prediction on Lorenz and CPT violation is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125667 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission from the Sculptor galaxy NGC 300


  We report here the results of a full analysis of all the ROSAT PSPC spectral
imaging observations and all the ROSAT HRI high resolution imaging observations
of the very nearby (D=2.1 Mpc) Sculptor galaxy, NGC 300. Many point sources are
detected within the field, several of them showing evidence for variability,
and we present full source lists detailing their X-ray properties, and attempt
to classify them on the basis of their temporal, spectral and multi-wavelength
characteristics. A black hole X-ray binary candidate, a supersoft source and
several supernova remnants and HII regions are detected in X-rays, as is
unresolved, possibly diffuse emission, accounting for perhaps 20% of the total
NGC 300 X-ray (0.1-2.4 keV) luminosity (5.8 10e38 erg/s). We compare the X-ray
source luminosity distribution of NGC 300 with that of other nearby galaxies,
and we also compare NGC 300 with its Sculptor neighbours, concluding that it is
a quite an unremarkable system, showing no unusual X-ray (or other
multi-wavelength) properties. It may be one of the best examples of a
completely typical normal quiescent late-type spiral galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6125 </DOCNO>
Perturbative expansion using variational phonon basis for Holstein model


  A simple variational displacement phonon basis, obtained through the modified
Lang-Firsov (MLF) transformation, is proposed to study the Holstein model. This
phonon basis contains only one variational parameter, but capable of describing
lattice distortions at distant sites from the charge carrier. Perturbation
method based on this MLF basis is employed to calculate the single-electron
ground-state energy and static charge-lattice deformation correlation as a
function of electron-phonon coupling. The energy obtained up to the
second-order perturbation within this approach agrees well with the available
numerical results for the entire range of coupling strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76150 </DOCNO>
$b-\tau$ Unification, $g_{\mu}-2$, the $b\to s+\gamma$ Constraint and


  An analysis is given of the $b-\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification in view of
the recent result from Brookhaven on $g_{\mu}-2$ and under the constraint of
$b\to s+\gamma$. We explore $b-\tau$ unification under the above constraints
for nonuniversal boundary conditions for the soft SUSY breaking parameters. We
find new regions of the parameter space where significant negative
supersymmetric contribution to the b quark mass can arise and $b-\tau$
unification within SU(5) framework can occur with nonuniversal gaugino masses.
Specifically we find that for the case where the gaugino mass matrix transforms
like a 24 plet one finds a negative contribution to the b quark mass
irrespective of the sign of the Higgs mixing parameter $\mu$ when the
supersymmetric contribution to $g_{\mu}-2$ is positive. We exhibit regions of
the parameter space where $b-\tau$ unification occurs for $\mu>0$ satisfying
the constraints of $b\to s+\gamma$ and $g_\mu-2$. The $\mu<0$ case is also
explored. The dependence of the accuracy of $b-\tau$ unification defined by
$|\lambda_b-\lambda_{\tau}|/\lambda_{\tau}$ on the parameter space is also
investigated and it is shown that unification with an accuracy of a few percent
can be achieved in significant regions of the parameter space. The allowed
parameter space is consistent with the naturalness constraints and the
corresponding sparticle spectrum is accessible at the Large Hadron Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179 </DOCNO>
Singularity Formation and Collapse in the Attractive Gross-Pitaevskii


  A generic mechanism of collapse in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with
attractive interparticle interactions is gained by reformulating this equation
as Newton's equation of motion for a system of particles with a constraint.
'Quantum pressure' effects give rise to formation of a potential barrier around
the emerging singularity, which prevents a fraction of the particles from
falling into the singularity. For reasonable initial widths of the condensate,
the fraction of collapsing particles, which are thereby removed from the
condensate, is found to be a 'universal' number $\simeq 0.7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95719 </DOCNO>
Cycles and 1-unconditional matrices


  We characterize the 1-unconditional subsequences of the canonical basis e_rc
of elementary matrices in the Schatten class S^p. The set of couples (r,c) must
be the set of edges of a bipartite graph with girth p+2 if p is an even
integer, and without cycles at all if p is a positive real number that is not
an even integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76639 </DOCNO>
Models with Extra Dimensions and Their Phenomenology


  The Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali and the Randall-Sundrum models with extra
spacelike dimensions, recently proposed as a solution to the hierarchy problem,
are reviewed. We discuss their basic properties and phenomenological effects of
particle interactions at high energies, predicted whithin these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86228 </DOCNO>
Inflation and Holography in String Theory


  The encoding of an inflating patch of space-time in terms of a dual theory is
discussed. Following Bousso's interpretation of the holographic principle, we
find that those are generically described not by states in the dual theory but
by density matrices. We try to implement this idea on simple deformations of
the AdS/CFT examples, and an argument is given as to why inflation is so
elusive to string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123404 </DOCNO>
Young Supernova Remnants: Issues and Prospects


  After reviewing recent work on the dynamics of young supernova remnants
(YSNRs) and discussing how YSNRs can be used as physics laboratories, I discuss
several challenges: Where are the very young SNRs in the Galaxy? Can very young
SNRs produce gamma ray bursts? The Connections Challenge: Can one infer the
nature of the supernova and its progenitor star from observations of the YSNR?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97037 </DOCNO>
Singular spectrum of Lebesgue measure zero for one-dimensional


  The spectrum of one-dimensional discrete Schr\"odinger operators associated
to strictly ergodic dynamical systems is shown to coincide with the set of
zeros of the Lyapunov exponent if and only if the Lyapunov exponent exists
uniformly. This is used to obtain Cantor spectrum of zero Lebesgue measure for
all aperiodic subshifts with uniform positive weights. This covers, in
particular, all aperiodic subshifts arising from primitive substitutions
including new examples as e.g. the Rudin-Shapiro substitution.
  Our investigation is not based on trace maps. Instead it relies on an
Oseledec type theorem due to A. Furman and a uniform ergodic theorem due to the
author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73739 </DOCNO>
Dynamical behavior of spatially inhomogeneous relativistic $\lambda


  We study the dynamics of a spatially inhomogeneous quantum $\lambda \phi^4$
field theory in 1+1 dimensions in the Hartree approximation. In particular, we
investigate the long-time behavior of this approximation in a variety of
controlled situations, both at zero and finite temperature. The observed
behavior is much richer than that in the spatially homogeneous case.
Nevertheless, we show that the fields fail to thermalize in a canonical sense,
as expected from analogous results in closely related (mean field) transport
theory. We argue that this dynamical approximation is best suited as a means to
study the short-time decay of spatially inhomogeneous fields and in the
dynamics of coherent quasi-classical inhomogeneous configurations (e.g.
solitons) in a background of dynamical self-consistent quantum fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84013 </DOCNO>
The ESRF TANGO control system status


  TANGO is an object oriented control system toolkit based on CORBA presently
under development at the ESRF. IN this paper, the TANGO philosophy is briefly
presented. All the existing tools developed around TANGO will also be
presented. This include a code genrator, a WEB interface to TANGO objects, an
administration tool and an interface to LabView. Finally, an xample of a TANGO
device server for OPC device is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73484 </DOCNO>
Coupled fields in external background with application to nonthermal


  We provide the formalism for the quantization of systems of coupled bosonic
and fermionic fields in a time dependent classical background. The occupation
numbers of the particle eigenstates can be clearly defined and computed,
through a generalization of the standard procedure valid for a single field in
which Bogolyubov coefficients are employed. We apply our formalism to the
problem of nonthermal gravitino production in a two-fields model where
supersymmetry is broken gravitationally in the vacuum. Our explicit
calculations show that this production is strongly suppressed in the model
considered, due to the weak coupling between the sector which drives inflation
and the one responsible for supersymmetry breakdown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85725 </DOCNO>
Symmetric States in Quantum Geometry


  Symmetric states are defined in the kinematical sector of loop quantum
gravity and applied to spherical symmetry and homogeneity. Consequences for the
physics of black holes and cosmology are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86915 </DOCNO>
Fluid flow and inertial forces in black hole space times


  We discuss the nature of the radial and azimuthal components of centrifugal
force associated with fluid flows in the equatorial plane of black hole space
times. The equations of motion are solved for the radial and azimuthal
components of the 3-velocity V^i which are then used in evaluating the nature
of the various components of inertial accelerations. It is shown that the
reversal of centrifugal force is governed mainly by the dominance of the
azimuthal velocity and the reversal occurs for r, mostly at 2m \lsim r \lsim
3m, depending upon the boundary condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 670 </DOCNO>
High Pressure Study on MgB2


  The hydrostatic pressure effect on the newly discovered superconductor MgB2
has been determined. The transition temperature Tc was found to decrease
linearly at a large rate of -1.6 K/GPa, in good quantitative agreement with the
ensuing calculated value of -1.4 K/GPa within the BCS framework by Loa and
Syassen, using the full-potential linearlized augmented plane-wave method. The
relative pressure coefficient, dlnTc/dp, for MgB2 also falls between the known
values for conventional sp- and d-superconductors. The observation, therefore,
suggests that electron-phonon interaction plays a significant role in the
superconductivity of the compound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 879 </DOCNO>
Bending Frustration of Lipid-Water Mesophases Based on Cubic Minimal


  Inverse bicontinuous cubic phases are ubiquitous in lipid-water mixtures and
consist of a lipid bilayer forming a cubic minimal surface, thereby dividing
space into two cubic networks of water channels. For small hydrocarbon chain
lengths, the monolayers can be modeled as parallel surfaces to a minimal
midsurface. The bending energy of the cubic phases is determined by the
distribution of Gaussian curvature over the minimal midsurfaces which we
calculate for seven different structures (G, D, P, I-WP, C(P), S and F-RD). We
show that the free-energy densities of the structures G, D and P are
considerably lower than those of the other investigated structures due to their
narrow distribution of Gaussian curvature. The Bonnet transformation between G,
D, and P implies that these phases coexist along a triple line, which also
includes an excess water phase. Our model includes thermal membrane
undulations. Our qualitative predictions remain unchanged when higher order
terms in the curvature energy are included. Calculated phase diagrams agree
well with the experimental results for 2:1 lauric acid/dilauroyl
phosphatidylcholine and water.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86183 </DOCNO>
Null cone preserving maps, causal tensors and algebraic Rainich theory


  A rank-n tensor on a Lorentzian manifold V whose contraction with n arbitrary
causal future directed vectors is non-negative is said to have the dominant
property. These tensors, up to sign, are called causal tensors, and we
determine their general properties in dimension N. We prove that rank-2 tensors
which map the null cone on itself are causal. It is known that, to any tensor A
on V there is a corresponding ``superenergy'' (s-e) tensor T{A} which always
has the dominant property. We prove that, conversely, any symmetric rank-2
tensor with the dominant property can be written in a canonical way as a sum of
N s-e tensors of simple forms. We show that the square of any rank-2 s-e tensor
is proportional to the metric if N<5, and that this holds for the s-e tensor of
any simple form for arbitrary N. Conversely, we prove that any symmetric rank-2
tensor T whose square is proportional to the metric must be, up to sign, the
s-e of a simple p-form, and that the trace of T determines the rank p of the
form. This generalises, both with respect to N and the rank p, the classical
algebraic Rainich conditions, which are necessary and sufficient conditions for
a metric to originate in some physical field, and has a geometric
interpretation: the set of s-e tensors of simple forms is precisely the set of
tensors which preserve the null cone and its time orientation. It also means
that all involutory Lorentz transformations (LT) can be represented as s-e
tensors of simple forms, and that any rank-2 s-e tensor is the sum of at most N
conformally involutory LT. Non-symmetric null cone preserving maps are shown to
have a causal symmetric part and are classified according to the null
eigenvectors of the skew-symmetric part. We thus obtain a complete
classification of all conformal LT and singular null cone preserving maps on V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168179 </DOCNO>
Quantum control without access to the controlling interaction


  In our model a fixed Hamiltonian acts on the joint Hilbert space of a quantum
system and its controller. We show under which conditions measurements, state
preparations, and unitary implementations on the system can be performed by
quantum operations on the controller only.
  It turns out that a measurement of the observable A and an implementation of
the one-parameter group exp(iAr) can be performed by almost the same sequence
of control operations. Furthermore measurement procedures for A+B, for (AB+BA),
and for i[A,B] can be constructed from measurements of A and B. This shows that
the algebraic structure of the set of observables can be explained by the Lie
group structure of the unitary evolutions on the joint Hilbert space of the
measuring device and the measured system.
  A spin chain model with nearest neighborhood coupling shows that the border
line between controller and system can be shifted consistently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167963 </DOCNO>
A Lecture on Quantum Logic Gates


  In this note we make a short review of constructions of n-repeated controlled
unitary gates in quantum logic gates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76272 </DOCNO>
Summary of Working Group 1: Theory Part


  I will summarize theoretical issues in Working Group 1 at Nufact'01. Although
there may not be complete agreement yet on the exact optimum baseline $L$ and
the muon energy $E_\mu$ for measurements of the CP phase at a neutrino factory,
all the works done so far indicate that the optimum set ($L$, $E_\mu$) tends to
be smaller than (3000km, 50GeV) if the uncertainty of the matter effect is
assumed to be larger than $\pm$5% or the background fraction is much larger
than $10^{-5}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3159 </DOCNO>
Renormalized perturbation calculations for the single impurity Anderson


  We illustrate the renormalized perturbation expansion method by applying it
to a single impurity Anderson model. Previously, we have shown that this
approach gives the {\it exact} leading order results for the specific heat,
spin and charge susceptibilities and leading order temperature dependence of
the resistivity for this model in the Fermi-liquid regime, when carried out to
second order in the renormalized interaction $\tilde U$. Here we consider the
effects of higher order quasi-particle scattering and calculate the third order
contributions to the $H^3$ term in the impurity magnetization for the symmetric
model in a weak magnetic field $H$. The result is asymptotically exact in the
weak coupling regime, and is very close to the exact Bethe ansatz result in the
Kondo regime. We also calculate the quasi-particle density of states in a
magnetic field, which is of interest in relation to recent experimental work on
quantum dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74410 </DOCNO>
Probing Micro-quasars with TeV Neutrinos


  The jets associated with Galactic micro-quasars are believed to be ejected by
accreting stellar mass black-holes or neutron stars. We show that if the energy
content of the jets in the transient sources is dominated by electron-proton
plasma, then a several hour outburst of 1--100 TeV neutrinos produced by photo-
meson interactions should precede the radio flares associated with major
ejection events. Several neutrinos may be detected during a single outburst by
a 1km^2 detector, thereby providing a powerful probe of micro-quasars jet
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96491 </DOCNO>
A New Point of View in the Theory of Knot and Link Invariants


  Recent progress in string theory has led to a reformulation of quantum-group
polynomial invariants for knots and links into new polynomial invariants whose
coefficients can be understood in topological terms. We describe in detail how
to construct the new polynomials and we conjecture their general structure.
This leads to new conjectures on the algebraic structure of the quantum-group
polynomial invariants. We also describe the geometrical meaning of the
coefficients in terms of the enumerative geometry of Riemann surfaces with
boundaries in a certain Calabi-Yau threefold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 706 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic equations for pattern formation in mixtures of microtubules


  Inspired by patterns observed in mixtures of microtubules and molecular
motors, we propose continuum equations for the evolution of motor density, and
microtubule orientation. The chief ingredients are the transport of motors
along tubules, and the alignment of tubules in the process. The macroscopic
equations lead to aster and vortex patterns in qualitative agreement with
experiments. While the early stages of evolution of tubules are similar to
coarsening of spins following a quench, the rearrangement of motors leads to
arrested coarsening at low densities. Even in one dimension, the equations
exhibit a variety of interesting behaviors, such as symmetry breaking, moving
fronts, and motor localization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73712 </DOCNO>
Internal Space-time Symmetries of Massive and Massless Particles and


  It is noted that the internal space-time symmetries of relativistic particles
are dictated by Wigner's little groups. The symmetry of massive particles is
like the three-dimensional rotation group, while the symmetry of massless
particles is locally isomorphic to the two-dimensional Euclidean group. It is
noted also that, while the rotational degree of freedom for a massless particle
leads to its helicity, the two translational degrees of freedom correspond to
its gauge degrees of freedom. It is shown that the E(2)-like symmetry of of
massless particles can be obtained as an infinite-momentum and/or zero-mass
limit of the O(3)-like symmetry of massive particles. This mechanism is
illustrated in terms of a sphere elongating into a cylinder. In this way, the
helicity degree of freedom remains invariant under the Lorentz boost, but the
transverse rotational degrees of freedom become contracted into the gauge
degree of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 319 </DOCNO>
Planck's Legacy to Statistical Mechanics


  In this talk I will describe the deep influence Planck had on the development
of statistical mechanics. At this end I will first outline the theoretical
situation of statistical mechanics before Planck. I will then describe his main
contributions to this field and the progresses obtained as an immediate
consequence of his work. I will also outline the later evolution of statistical
mechanics in relation with Planck's work. I will finally report on a still
unsolved problem in statistical mechanics, historically related to the
properties of black-body radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1452 </DOCNO>
Dynamical phase transition of a one-dimensional kinetic Ising model with


  The Glauber model on a one-dimensional lattice with boundaries (for the
ferromagnetic- and anti-ferromagnetic case) is considered. The large-time
behaviour of the one-point function is studied. It is shown that, for any
positive temperature, the system shows a dynamical phase transition. The
dynamical phase transition is controlled by the rate of spin flip at the
boundaries, and is a discontiuous change of the derivative of the relaxation
time towards the stationary configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41103 </DOCNO>
Work with Apple's Rhapsody Operating System which Allows Simultaneous


  Over the past decade, UNIX workstations have provided a very powerful program
development environment. However, workstations are more expensive than PCs and
Macintoshes and require a system manager for day-to-day tasks such as disk
backup, adding users, and setting up print queues. Native commercial software
for system maintenance and "PC applications" has been lacking under UNIX.
Apple's new Rhapsody operating system puts the current MacOS on a NeXT UNIX
foundation and adds an enhanced NeXTSTEP object oriented development
environment called Yellow Box. Rhapsody simultaneously runs UNIX and commercial
Macintosh applications such as word processing or spreadsheets. Thus a UNIX
detector Monte Carlo can run for days in the background at the same time as a
commercial word processing program. And commercial programs such as Dantz
Retrospect are being made available to make disk backup easy under Rhapsody.
Apple has announced that in 1999 they intend to be running Rhapsody, or MacOS X
as it will be called in the commercial release, on all their newer computers.
MacOS X may be of interest to those who have trouble hiring expert UNIX system
managers; and to those who would prefer to have a single computer and operating
system on their desktop that serves both the needs of UNIX program development
and running commercial applications, simultaneously. We present our experiences
running UNIX programs and Macintosh applications under the Rhapsody DR2
Developer Release.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114220 </DOCNO>
Drop Formation in a One-Dimensional Approximation of the Navier-Stokes


  We consider the viscous motion of a thin, axisymmetric column of fluid with a
free surface. A one-dimensional equation of motion for the velocity and the
radius is derived from the Navier-Stokes equation. We compare with recent
experiments on the breakup of a liquid jet and on the bifurcation of a drop
suspended from an orifice. The equations form singularities as the fluid neck
is pinching off. The nature of the singularities is investigated in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124793 </DOCNO>
The radio galaxy K-z relation to z ~ 4.5


  Using a new radio sample, 6C* designed to find radio galaxies at z > 4 along
with the complete 3CRR and 6CE sample we extend the radio galaxy K-z relation
to z~4.5. The 6C* K-z data significantly improve delineation of the K-z
relation for radio galaxies at high redshift (z > 2). Accounting for
non-stellar contamination, and for correlations between radio luminosity and
estimates of stellar mass, we find little support for previous claims that the
underlying scatter in the stellar luminosity of radio galaxies increases
significantly at z > 2. This indicates that we are not probing into the
formation epoch until at least z > 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148556 </DOCNO>
Manifestation of a nontrivial vacuum in discrete light cone quantization


  We study a (1+1)-dimensional $\lambda\phi^4$ model with a light-cone zero
mode and constant external source to describe spontaneous symmetry breaking. In
the broken phase, we find degenerate vacua and discuss their stability based on
effective-potential analysis. The vacuum triviality is spurious in the broken
phase because these states have lower energy than Fock vacuum. Our results are
based on the variational principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148888 </DOCNO>
A simple proof that $C^{\infty}({\bf R}^n,U(1))$ does not have a Haar


  We give a simple proof that there does not exist a Haar measure on the group
$C^{\infty}({\bf R}^n,U(1))$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129051 </DOCNO>
The Arecibo Dual-Beam Survey: The HI Mass Function of Galaxies


  We use the HI-selected galaxy sample from the Arecibo Dual-Beam Survey
(Rosenberg & Schneider 2000) to determine the shape of the HI mass function of
galaxies in the local universe using both the step-wise maximum likelihood and
the 1/V_tot methods. Our survey region spanned all 24 hours of right ascension
at selected declinations between 8 and 29 degrees covering ~430 deg^2 of sky in
the main beam. The survey is not as deep as some previous Arecibo surveys, but
it has a larger total search volume and samples a much larger area of the sky.
We conducted extensive tests on all aspects of the galaxy detection process,
allowing us to empirically correct for our sensitivity limits, unlike the
previous surveys. The mass function for the entire sample is quite steep, with
a power-law slope of \alpha ~ -1.5. We find indications that the slope of the
HI mass function is flatter near the Virgo cluster, suggesting that
evolutionary effects in high density environments may alter the shape of the HI
mass function. These evolutionary effects may help to explain differences in
the HI mass function derived by different groups. We are sensitive to the most
massive sources (log M > 5x10^10 M\solar) over most of the declination range,
\~1 sr, and do not detect any massive low surface brightness galaxies. These
statistics restrict the population of Malin 1-like galaxies to <5.5x10^-6
Mpc^-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5260 </DOCNO>
Quantum transport calculations for quantum cascade laser structures


  We apply a quantum transport theory based on nonequilibrium Green's functions
to quantum cascade laser (QCL) structures, treating simultaneously the
transmission through the injector regions and the relaxation due to scattering
in the active region. The quantum kinetic equations are solved
self-consistently using self-energies for interface roughness and phonon
scattering processes within the self-consistent Born approximation. In this
way, we obtain the current density J, and the average electronic distribution
f(E) at a given energy E, as a function of applied bias. As a test case, we
apply the theory to a GaAs/Al_xGa_{1-x}As QCL structure reported in the
literature. The theoretical results reproduce well reported voltage-current
(V-I) measurements, and also demonstrate a population inversion at a bias that
agrees well with the range of currents and fields at which lasing is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7521 </DOCNO>
System size resonance in coupled noisy systems and in the Ising model


  We consider an ensemble of coupled nonlinear noisy oscillators demonstrating
in the thermodynamic limit an Ising-type transition. In the ordered phase and
for finite ensembles stochastic flips of the mean field are observed with the
rate depending on the ensemble size. When a small periodic force acts on the
ensemble, the linear response of the system has a maximum at a certain system
size, similar to the stochastic resonance phenomenon. We demonstrate this
effect of system size resonance for different types of noisy oscillators and
for different ensembles -- lattices with nearest neighbors coupling and
globally coupled populations. The Ising model is also shown to demonstrate the
system size resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98198 </DOCNO>
Beware of the G\"odel- Wette paradox


  This paper gives a counterexample to the impossibility, by G\"odel's second
incompleteness theorem, of proving a formula expressing the consistency of
arithmetic in a fragment of arithmetic on the assumption that the latter is
consistent. This counterexample gives rise to a new type of metamathematical
paradox, to be called the G\"odel-Wette paradox, which E. Wette claims to have
established since some time ago (see [Wette, 1971], [Wette, 1974]).
Nevertheless, our work is independent of Wette's since we have failed to
understand the details of his work although we recognize the possibility of the
correctness of the latter. Furthermore, the G\"odel-Wette paradox is not the
only foundational anomaly which the framework of our approach has uncovered but
new questions concerning the decision problem, completeness problem, truth
definitions and the status of Richard's paradox in arithmetic and set theory
(including type theory) have arisen as well. This work will, eventually be
unified into a single monograph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2596 </DOCNO>
Domain formation in noninstantaneous symmetry breaking phase transitions


  In the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau harmonic potential approximation, we
present a possible modeling of the time-dependence of the frequency of the
order parameter mode suitable to account for the formation of correlated
domains in non-instantaneous symmetry breaking phase transitions. An
interesting spectrum of possibilities for the size and the life-time of these
domains emerges, which appears to be consistent with the conclusions of other,
differently grounded analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1909 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the flux creep activation energy on current density and


  Systematic ac susceptibility measurements have been performed on a MgB$_2$
bulk sample. We demonstrate that the flux creep activation energy is a
nonlinear function of the current density $U(j)\propto j^{-0.2}$, indicating a
nonlogarithmic relaxation of the current density in this material. The
dependence of the activation energy on the magnetic field is determined to be a
power law $U(B)\propto B^{-1.33}$, showing a steep decline in the activation
energy with the magnetic field, which accounts for the steep drop in the
critical current density with magnetic field that is observed in MgB$_2$. The
irreversibility field is also found to be rather low, therefore, the pinning
properties of this new material will need to be enhanced for practical
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7563 </DOCNO>
Paired and clustered quantum Hall states


  We briefly summarize properties of quantum Hall states with a pairing or
clustering property. Their study employs a fundamental connection with
parafermionic Conformal Field Theories. We report on closed form expressions
for the many-body wave functions and on multiplicities of the fundamental
quasi-hole excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72487 </DOCNO>
The improved nuclear parton distributions


  In this paper we propose an improvement of the EKS nuclear parton
distributions for the small x region of high energy processes, where the
perturbative high parton density effects cannot be disregarded. We analyze the
behavior of the ratios $xG_A/xG_N$ and $F_2^A/F_2^D$ and verify that at small x
they are strongly modified when compared to the EKS predictions. The
implications of our results for the heavy ion collisions in RHIC and LHC are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86218 </DOCNO>
Hidden Variables, Statistical Mechanics and the Early Universe


  It is argued that our universe happens to be in a state of statistical
equilibrium at the hidden-variable level, such that nonlocality is masked by
quantum noise. To account for this 'quantum equilibrium', we outline a
subquantum statistical mechanics in configuration space, and an H-theorem
analogous to the classical coarse-graining H-theorem. Foundational issues in
statistical mechanics are addressed, and an alternative explanation based on
'typicality' is criticised. An estimate is given for the relaxation timescale,
and an illustrative numerical simulation is provided. Assuming the universe
began in quantum non-equilibrium, we sketch a scenario in which relaxation is
suppressed at very early times by the rapid expansion of space, raising the
possibility that deviations from quantum theory could survive to the present
day for relic cosmological particles that decoupled sufficiently early. It is
concluded that quantum noise is a remnant of the big bang and, like the
microwave background, should be probed experimentally. Possible tests with
relic particles are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125353 </DOCNO>
Magellanic Cloud Structure from Near-IR Surveys I: The Viewing Angles of


  We present a detailed study of the viewing angles of the LMC disk plane. We
find that our viewing direction differs considerably from the commonly accepted
values, which has important implications for the structure of the LMC. The
discussion is based on an analysis of spatial variations in the apparent
magnitude of features in the near-IR color-magnitude diagrams extracted from
the DENIS and 2MASS surveys. Sinusoidal brightness variations with a
peak-to-peak amplitude of approximately 0.25 mag are detected as function of
position angle, for both AGB and RGB stars. This is naturally interpreted as
the result of distance variations, due to one side of the LMC plane being
closer to us than the opposite side. The best fitting geometric model of an
inclined plane yields an inclination angle i = 34.7 +/- 6.2 degrees and
line-of-nodes position angle Theta = 122.5 +/- 8.3 degrees. There is tentative
evidence that the LMC disk plane may be warped. Traditional methods to estimate
the position angle of the line of nodes have used either the major axis
position angle Theta_maj of the spatial distribution of tracers on the sky, or
the position angle Theta_max of the line of maximum gradient in the velocity
field, given that for a circular disk Theta_maj = Theta_max = Theta. The
present study does not rely on the assumption of circular symmetry, and is
considerably more accurate than previous studies of its kind. We find that the
actual position angle of the line of nodes differs considerably from both
Theta_maj and Theta_max, for which measurements have fallen in the range
140-190 degrees. This indicates that the intrinsic shape of the LMC disk is not
circular, but elliptical, as discussed further in Paper II. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113571 </DOCNO>
An insulating grid spacer for large-area MICROMEGAS chambers


  We present an original design for large area gaseous detectors based on the
MICROMEGAS technology. This technology incorporates an insulating grid,
sandwiched between the micro-mesh and the anode-pad plane, which provides an
uniform 200 $\mu$m amplification gap. The uniformity of the amplification gap
thickness has been verified under several experimental conditions. The gain
performances of the detector are presented and compared to the values obtained
with detectors using cylindrical micro spacers. The new design presents several
technical and financial advantages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128837 </DOCNO>
Neutron star composition in strong magnetic fields


  We study the problem of neutron star composition in the presence of a strong
magnetic field. The effects of the anomalous magnetic moments of both nucleons
and electrons are investigated in relativistic mean field calculations for a
$\beta$-equilibrium system. Since neutrons are fully spin polarized in a large
field, generally speaking, the proton fraction can never exceed the field free
case. An extremely strong magnetic field may lead to a pure neutron matter
instead of a proton-rich matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41650 </DOCNO>
A verification of the Optimal Jet Finder


  The fortran-77 code [hep-ph/9912415] of the jet algorithm based on the
optimal jet definition [hep-ph/9901444] has been successfully verified (up to a
few interface bugs) using an independently evolved code written in the
object-oriented language Component Pascal [http://www.oberon.ch]. The final
fortran code OJF_014 is available on the Web.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124336 </DOCNO>
DIRECT Distances to Nearby Galaxies Using Detached Eclipsing Binaries


  The DIRECT project aims to determine direct distances to two important
galaxies in the cosmological distance ladder - M31 and M33 - using detached
eclipsing binaries (DEBs) and Cepheids.
  We present the results of the first large-scale CCD-based search for
variables in M33. We have observed two fields located in the central region of
M33 for a total of 95 nights on the F. L. Whipple Observatory 1.2-m telescope
and 36 nights on the Michigan-Dartmouth-MIT 1.3-m telescope. We have found a
total of 544 variables, including 251 Cepheids and 47 eclipsing binaries.
  The catalog of variables is available online, along with finding charts and
BVI light curve data (consisting of 8.2x10^4 individual measurements). The
complete set of CCD frames is available upon request.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169075 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Classical interventions in quantum systems II. Relativistic


  In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. A 61, 022117 (2000)], quant-ph/9906034, A.
Peres argued that quantum mechanics is consistent with special relativity by
proposing that the operators that describe time evolution do not need to
transform covariantly, although the measurable quantities need to transform
covariantly. We discuss the weaknesses of this proposal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114249 </DOCNO>
Status Report for the RHIC Control System*


  The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven has completed nearly
two years of successful commissioning and operation. The control system is
briefly reviewed and its contribution to the RHIC effort is analyzed, with
emphasis on special challenges and innovative design: continuing efforts are
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99210 </DOCNO>
Statistically self-similar fractal sets


  In the present paper we define statistically self-similar sets, and, using a
modification of method described K.J.Falconer find a Hausdorff dimension of a
statistically self-similar set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73716 </DOCNO>
Three flavor neutrino oscillations, LSND, SNP and ANP


  The recently reanalysed LSND data is investigated in the context of three
flavor oscillations, with an emphasis on mass hierarchies and $s_{13}$. The
resultant mass hierarchies and oscillation angles are tested with regard to
"key" features of solar neutrinos and atmospheric neutrinos, e.g., "average"
survival probability in the case of solar neutrinos, and zenith angle
dependence and up-down asymmetry in the case of high energy atmospheric
neutrinos. We find there are three distinct mass hierarchies, e.g.,
  $\Delta m << \Delta M, \Delta m < \Delta M$ and $\Delta m \simeq \Delta M$.
In the first and second case, the calculated range of $s_{13}$ is in agreement
with the "LMA" solution of Akhmedov {\it et al.}, the lower limit on $s_{13}$
in these cases is also in agreement with the recent analysis of Garcia {\it et
al.} based on the constraints of SNP, ANP and CHOOZ, therefore, strongly
supporting the neutrino oscillations observed at LSND. Further, the solutions
of $s_{13}$ found in the third case correspond to the value of $s_{13}$ found
by Akhmedov {\it et al.} in the case of "SMA" and "LOW" solutions. A rough
estimate of the possibility of the existence of CP violation in the leptonic
sector is also carried out for different possible ranges of $s_{13}$,
indicating that the CP asymmetries may be measureable even in the case of LSND.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97865 </DOCNO>
Equivalences of comodule categories for coalgebras over rings


  In this article we defined and studied quasi-finite comodules, the cohom
functors for coalgebras over rings. linear functors between categories of
comodules are also investigated and it is proved that good enough linear
functors are nothing but a cotensor functor. Our main result of this work
characterizes equivalences between comodule categories generalizing the
Morita-Takeuchi theory to coalgebras over rings. Morita-Takeuchi contexts in
our setting is defined and investigated, a correspondence between strict
Morita-Takeuchi contexts and equivalences of comodule categories over the
involved coalgebras is obtained. Finally we proved that for coalgebras over
QF-rings Takeuchi's representation of the cohom-functor is also valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124767 </DOCNO>
The Mbh-sigma relation as a constraint on the formation of elliptical


  Most elliptical galaxies contain central black holes, whose masses scale
proportionally to the observed central velocity dispersions of the host
galaxies according to the so-called Mbh-sigma relation. Here we discuss some
consequences that can be derived by combining the Mbh-sigma relation with the
scaling relation describing the Fundamental Plane of elliptical galaxies. In
particular, the possibility of substantial dissipationless merging in the
formation and evolution of elliptical galaxies is discussed. Enforcing the
merger end-products to satisfy the two scaling relations mentioned above, a
major role of dissipation in galaxy formation is strongly suggested by our
analysis. Moreover, we show that existing observational data may shed some
light on the complex process of black hole merging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125255 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Cosmological and Biasing models using AGN clustering


  We attempt to put constraints on different cosmological and biasing models by
combining the recent clustering results of X-ray sources in the local ($z\le
0.1$) and distant universe ($z\sim 1$). To this end we compare the measured
angular correlation function for bright (Akylas et al. 2000) and faint
(Vikhlinin & Forman 1995) {\em ROSAT} X-ray sources respectively with those
expected in three spatially flat cosmological models. Taking into account the
different functional forms of the bias evolution, we find that there are two
cosmological models which performs well the data. In particular,
low-$\Omega_{\circ}$ cosmological models
($\Omega_{\Lambda}=1-\Omega_{\circ}=0.7$) which contain either (i) high
$\sigma_{8}^{\rm mass}=1.13$ value with galaxy merging bias, $b(z) \propto
(1+z)^{1.8}$ or (ii) low $\sigma_{8}^{\rm mass}=0.9$ with non-bias, $b(z)
\equiv 1$ best reproduce the AGN clustering results. While $\tau$CDM models
with different bias behaviour are ruled out at a high significance level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97634 </DOCNO>
Wavelet Electrodynamics I


  A new representation for solutions of Maxwell's equations is derived. Instead
of being expanded in plane waves, the solutions are given as linear
superpositions of spherical wavelets dynamically adapted to the Maxwell field
and well-localized in space at the initial time. The wavelet representation of
a solution is analogous to its Fourier representation, but has the advantage of
being local. It is closely related to the relativistic coherent-state
representations for the Klein-Gordon and Dirac fields developed in earlier
work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179512 </DOCNO>
Nucleons and Isobars at finite density ($\rho$) and temperature (T)


  The importance of studying matter at high $\rho$ increases as more
astrophysical data becomes available from recently launched spacecrafts. The
importance of high T studies derives from heavy ion data. In this paper we
set up a formalism to study the nucleons and isobars with long and short range
potentials non-pertubatively, bosonizing and expanding semi-classically the
Feyman integrals up to one loop. We address the low density, finite T
problem=A0 first, the case relevant to heavy ion collisions, hoping to adresss
the high density case later. Interactions change the nucleon and isobar numbers
at different $\rho$ and T non-trivially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74226 </DOCNO>
The Counting of Generalized Polarizabilities


  We demonstrate a concise method to enumerate the number of generalized
polarizabilities---quantities characterizing the independent observables in
singly-virtual Compton scattering---for a target particle of arbitrary spin s.
By using crossing symmetry and J^{PC} conservation, we show that this number is
(10s+1+delta_{s,0}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72659 </DOCNO>
Precision Physics Near LEP Shutdown and Evolutionary Developments


  The most celebrated aspects of precision physics are briefly summarized. New
ideas are also introduced that may lead to further developments in the field of
radiative corrections, with special emphasis to multi-loop numerical evaluation
and to a correct treatment of QED radiation for arbitrary processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168638 </DOCNO>
Lorentz transformations of open systems


  We consider open dynamical systems, subject to external interventions by
agents that are not completely described by the theory (classical or quantal).
These interventions are localized in regions that are relatively spacelike.
Under these circumstances, no relativistic transformation law exists that
relates the descriptions of the physical system by observers in relative
motion. Still, physical laws are the same in all Lorentz frames.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2420 </DOCNO>
Phonons in MgB2 by Polarized Raman Scattering on Single Crystals


  The paper presents detailed Raman scattering study of the unusually broad E2g
phonon mode in MgB2 crystal. For the first time, it is shown by the polarized
Raman scattering on few-micron-size crystallites with natural faces that the
observed broad Raman feature really does obey the selection rules of an E2g
mode. Raman spectra on high quality polycrystalline superconducting MgB2 wires
reveal a very symmetric E2g phonon line near 615 1/cm with the room temperature
linewidth of 260 1/cm only. Additional scattering of different polarization
dependence, observed in certain crystallites is interpreted as weighted phonon
density of states induced by lattice imperfections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1014 </DOCNO>
Generalized effective depletion potentials


  We propose that the behavior of asymmetric binary fluid mixtures with a large
class of attractive or repulsive interparticle interactions can be understood
by mapping onto effective non-additive hard-sphere models. The latter are best
analyzed in terms of their underlying depletion potentials which can be exactly
scaled onto known additive ones. By tuning the non-additivity, a wide variety
of attractive or repulsive generalized depletion potential shapes and
associated phase behavior can be ``engineered'', leading, for example, to two
ways to stabilize colloidal suspensions by adding smaller particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114416 </DOCNO>
Description of the RHIC Sequencer System


  The movement of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) through its
various states (eg. injection, acceleration, storage, collisions) is controlled
by an application called the Sequencer. This program orchestrates most magnet
and instrumentation systems and is responsible for the coordinated acquisition
and saving of data from various systems. The Sequencer system, its software
infrastructure, support programs, and the language used to drive it are
discussed in this paper. Initial operational experience is also described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72456 </DOCNO>
Measuring sigma(e+ e- --> hadrons) with Tagged Photons at Electron


  A Monte Carlo generator has been constructed to simulate the reaction e+ e-
--> gamma + 2 pions and gamma + 4 pions, where the photon is assumed to be
observed in the detector. Predictions are presented for cms energies of 1GeV,
3GeV and 10GeV, corresponding to the energies of DAPHNE, BEBC and of B-meson
factories. The event rates are sufficiently high to allow for a precise
measurement of R(Q^2) in the region of Q between approximately 1GeV and 2.5GeV.
Estimates for the kinematic breaking of isospin relations between different
channels as a consequence of the mass difference between charged and neutral
pions are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75375 </DOCNO>
Muon g-2 and Implications for Supersymmetry


  A brief review is given of the implications of the recent Brookhaven result
on the muon anomaly ($a_{\mu}$) for supersymmetry. We focus mainly on the
implications of the recent results for the minimal supergravity unified model.
We show that the observed difference implies the existence of sparticles most
of which should become observable at the Large Hadron Collider. Further, as
foreseen in works prior to the Brookhaven experiment the sign of the difference
between experimental prediction of $a_{\mu}$ and its Standard Model value
determines the sign of the Higgs mixing parameter $\mu$. The $\mu$ sign has
important implications for the direct detection of dark matter. Implications of
the Brookhaven result for other low energy phenomena are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128350 </DOCNO>
Stellar and circumstellar evolution of long period variable stars


  In a first paper, HIPPARCOS astrometric and kinematic data were used to
calibrate both infrared K and IRAS luminosities at the same time as kinematic
parameters of Long Period Variable stars (LPVs). Individual estimated absolute
magnitudes and a probabilistic assignation to galactic populations were deduced
from these calibrations for each LPV of our sample. Here we propose a scenario
of simultaneous stellar and circumstellar evolution according to the galactic
populations. The transitory states of S and Tc stars allow us to confirm the
location of the first dredge-up at $M_{bol}=-3.5$. There is also evidence
suggesting that a previous enrichment in s-elements from a more evolved
companion may accelerate the evolution along the AGB. The possible evolution to
OH LPVs is included in this scenario, and any of these stars may have a mass at
the limit of the capability for a C enrichment up to C/O > 1.
  A list of bright massive LPVs with peculiar envelope and luminosity
properties is proposed as Hot Bottom Burning candidates. The He-shell flash
star, R Cen, is found to be exceptionally bright and could become, before
leaving the AGB, a C-rich LPV brighter than the usual luminosity limit of
carbon stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129151 </DOCNO>
Detection of non-random patterns in large-scale structure


  A new method for analyzing the morphological features of point patterns is
presented. The method is taken from the study of molecular liquids, where it
has been introduced for making a statistical description of anisotropic
distributions. The statistical approach is based on the spherical harmonic
expansion of angular correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 30 </DOCNO>
Swarming ring patterns in bacterial colonies exposed to ultraviolet


  We report a novel morphological transition in a Bacillus subtilis colony
initially growing under ambient conditions, after ultraviolet radiation
exposure. The bacteria in the central regions of the colonies are observed to
migrate towards the colony edge forming a ring during uniform spatial exposure.
When the radiation is switched off, the colonies were observed to grow both
inward into the evacuated regions as well as outward indicating that the
pattern is not formed due to depletion of nutrients at the center of the
colony. We also propose a reaction-diffusion model in which waste-limited
chemotaxis initiated by the UV radiation leads to the observed phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76564 </DOCNO>
Saturation in DIS processes


  We examine HERA data with a view of determining whether unique signs of
saturation can be identified. Concentrating on two channels the logarithmic
slope of $F_{2}$, and the production of $J/\Psi$, which are sensitive to the
behaviour of $xG(x,Q^{2})$ the gluon density distribution in the proton, we
show that our model incorporating screening corrections and alternative models
comprising a sum of a "soft" and "hard" component provide good fits to the
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3503 </DOCNO>
Transmission Properties of the oscillating delta-function potential


  We derive an exact expression for the transmission amplitude of a particle
moving through a harmonically driven delta-function potential by using the
method of continued-fractions within the framework of Floquet theory. We prove
that the transmission through this potential as a function of the incident
energy presents at most two real zeros, that its poles occur at energies
$n\hbar\omega+\varepsilon^*$ ($0<Re(\varepsilon^*)<\hbar\omega$), and that the
poles and zeros in the transmission amplitude come in pairs with the distance
between the zeros and the poles (and their residue) decreasing with increasing
energy of the incident particle. We also show the existence of non-resonant
"bands" in the transmission amplitude as a function of the strength of the
potential and the driving frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114537 </DOCNO>
A toy model of bosonic non-canonical quantum field


  A harmonic oscillator is an indefinite-frequency one if the parameter
$\omega$ is replaced by an operator. An ensemble of $N$ such oscillators may be
regarded as a toy model of a bosonic quantum field. All the possible
frequencies associated with a given problem are present already in a single
oscillator and $N$ can be finite. Due to the operator character of $\omega$ the
resulting algebra of creation-annihilation operators is non-canonical. In the
limit of large $N$ one recovers perturbation theory formulas of the canonical
quantum field theory but with form factors automatically built in. Vacuum
energy of the ensemble is finite, a fact discussed in the context of the
cosmological constant problem. Space of states is given by a vector bundle with
Fock-type fibers. Interactions of the field with 2-level systems, including
Rabi oscillations and spontaneous emission, are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1177 </DOCNO>
On the de Haas-van Alphen effect in inhomogeneous alloys


  We show that Landau level broadening in alloys occurs naturally as a
consequence of random variations in the local quasiparticle density, without
the need to consider a relaxation time. This approach predicts
Lorentzian-broadened Landau levels similar to those derived by Dingle using the
relaxation-time approximation. However, rather than being determined by a
finite relaxation time $\tau$, the Landau-level widths instead depend directly
on the rate at which the de Haas-van Alphen frequency changes with alloy
composition. The results are in good agreement with recent data from three very
different alloy systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124194 </DOCNO>
Stability and Evolution of Supernova Fallback Disks


  We show that thin accretion disks made of Carbon or Oxygen are subject to the
same thermal ionization instability as Hydrogen and Helium disks. We argue that
the instability applies to disks of any metal content. The relevance of the
instability to supernova fallback disks probably means that their power-law
evolution breaks down when they first become neutral. We construct simple
analytical models for the viscous evolution of fallback disks to show that it
is possible for these disks to become neutral when they are still young (ages
of a few 10^3 to 10^4 years), compact in size (a few 10^9 cm to 10^11 cm) and
generally accreting at sub-Eddington rates (Mdot ~ a few 10^14 - 10^18 g/s).
Based on recent results on the nature of viscosity in the disks of close
binaries, we argue that this time may also correspond to the end of the disk
activity period. Indeed, in the absence of a significant source of viscosity in
the neutral phase, the entire disk will likely turn to dust and become passive.
We discuss various applications of the evolutionary model, including anomalous
X-ray pulsars and young radio pulsars. Our analysis indicates that metal-rich
fallback disks around newly-born neutron stars and black holes become neutral
generally inside the tidal truncation radius (Roche limit) for planets, at
\~10^11 cm. Consequently, the efficiency of the planetary formation process in
this context will mostly depend on the ability of the resulting disk of rocks
to spread via collisions beyond the Roche limit. It appears easier for the
merger product of a doubly degenerate binary, whether it is a massive white
dwarf or a neutron star, to harbor planets because it can spread beyond the
Roche limit before becoming neutral.[Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124167 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariant Perturbation Analysis for Quintessence with an


  Adiabatic perturbations in the cosmology of a quintessential scalar field
with exponential potential gravitationally coupled to radiation/matter are
investigated in a gauge invariant formalism. The main question addressed in
this paper is if the inhomogenous fluctuations can be ignored as often argued
and the result is that this is not always the case. Consequences for microwave
background radiation and structure formation in the matter dominated era are
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128107 </DOCNO>
Effect of Fractional Kinetic Helicity on Turbulent Magnetic Dynamo


  Magnetic field amplification in astrophysics ultimately requires an
understanding of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Kinetic helicity has long been
known to be important for large scale field growth in forced MHD turbulence,
and has been recently demonstrated numerically to be asymptotically consistent
with slow mean field dynamo action in a periodic box. Here we show numerically
that the magnetic spectrum at and below the forcing scale is also strongly
influenced by kinetic helicity. We identify a critical value, $f_{h,crit}$
above which the magnetic spectrum develops maxima at wavenumber $= 1$ scale
{\it and} at the forcing scale, For $f< f_{h,crit}$ the field peaks only at the
resistive scale. Kinetic helicity may thus be important not only for generating
a large scale field, but also for establishing observed peaks in magnetic
spectra at the forcing scale. The turbulent Galactic disk provides an example
where both large scale ($>$ supernova forcing scale) fields and small scale
($\le$ forcing scale, with peak at forcing scale) fields are observed. We
discuss this, and the potential application to the protogalaxy, but also
emphasize the limitations in applying our results to these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128715 </DOCNO>
The Color-Magnitude Diagram of composite stellar populations


  The theoretical relation between the number of post main sequence stars from
stellar populations and their total mass in investigated. This is used to
derive some basic relations between the stellar number counts of stellar
populations with an age spread and the star formation history which produced
them. The main purpose of this investigation is to offer a guideline for the
construction of simulations aimed at reproducing color- magnitude diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127211 </DOCNO>
Precise Chandra Localization of the Soft Gamma-ray Repeater SGR 1806-20


  We present observations of the Soft Gamma-ray Repeater SGR 1806-20 taken with
the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We identify the X-ray counterpart of SGR 1806-20
based on detection of 7.5-s pulsations. Using three unrelated X-ray sources
(and USNO stars) as position references, we are able to determine that the SGR
is at alpha_{2000}=18h08m39.32s and delta_{2000}=-20o24'39.5", with rms
uncertainty of 0.3" in each coordinate. We find that SGR 1806-20 is located
within the 1-sigma error region determined by Interplanetary Network data and
is 14+/-0.5 arcsec distant from the non-thermal core of SNR G10.0-0.3,
excluding SGR 1806-20 as the origin of the core. We see evidence for a
significant deviation of the spin-down of SGR 1806-20 from its long-term trend,
demonstrating erratic spin-down behavior in this source similar to that seen in
other SGRs. Finally, we show that there is a broad X-ray halo surrounding SGR
1806-20 out to radii ~1' due to scattering in the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168936 </DOCNO>
The 18-fold way


  I shall consider each of the 18 claims made by Mohrhoff, and explain, in each
case, why I take the path opposite to the one by which he seeks to remove the
effects of our thoughts on the activities of our quantum mechanically described
brains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168610 </DOCNO>
Quantum thermodynamic cooling cycle


  The quantum-mechanical and thermodynamic properties of a 3-level molecular
cooling cycle are derived. An inadequacy of earlier models is rectified in
accounting for the spontaneous emission and absorption associated with the
coupling to the coherent driving field via an environmental reservoir. This
additional coupling need not be dissipative, and can provide a thermal driving
force - the quantum analog of classical absorption chillers. The dependence of
the maximum attainable cooling rate on temperature, at ultra-low temperatures,
is determined and shown to respect the recently-established fundamental bound
based on the second and third laws of thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96185 </DOCNO>
Order One Invariants of Immersions


  We classify all order one invariants of immersions of a closed orientable
surface F into R^3, with values in an arbitrary Abelian group G. We show that
for any F and G and any regular homotopy class A of immersions of F into R^3,
the group of all order one invariants on A is isomorphic to G^\aleph_0 \oplus B
\oplus B where G^\aleph_0 is the group of all functions from a set of
cardinality \aleph_0 into G and B={x\in G : 2x=0}. Our work includes
foundations for the study of finite order invariants of immersions of a closed
orientable surface into R^3, analogous to chord diagrams and the 1-term and
4-term relations of knot theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114248 </DOCNO>
The NLC Software Requirements Methodology


  We describe the software requirements and development methodology developed
for the NLC control system. Given the longevity of that project, and the likely
geographical distribution of the collaborating engineers, the planned
requirements management process is somewhat more formal than the norm in high
energy physics projects. The short term goals of the requirements process are
to accurately estimate costs, to decompose the problem, and to determine likely
technologies. The long term goal is to enable a smooth transition from high
level functional requirements to specific subsystem and component requirements
for individual programmers, and to support distributed development. The
methodology covers both ends of that life cycle. It covers both the analytical
and documentary tools for software engineering, and project management support.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96838 </DOCNO>
On Averaging for Hamiltonian Systems with One Fast Phase and Small


  The problem of averaging for systems with one fast phase was considered from
various points of view in many papers. The averaging method of Krylov and
Bogolyubov and methods of KAM theory originated this line of research, the most
complete results were obtained by Neishtadt, where the coefficients are assumed
real analytic. However, in many problems which are interesting from the point
of view of applications, analytic dependence ceases to hold in the
neighborhoods of some points. We show that one can choose a transformation such
that the averaging procedure of Neishtadt is applicable in these neighborhoods
and such passage to limit is uniform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97564 </DOCNO>
Quantum "az+b" group at roots of unity: unitary representations


  All unitary representations of the quantum ``az+b'' group are found. It turns
out that this quantum group is self dual i.e. all unitary representations are
'numbered' by elements of the same group. Moreover, the formula for all unitary
representations involving the quantum exponential function is proven.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81332 </DOCNO>
Highly Improved Naive and Staggered Fermions


  We present a new action for highly improved staggered fermions. We show that
perturbative calculations for the new action are well-behaved where those of
the conventional staggered action are badly behaved. We discuss the effects of
the new terms in controlling flavor mixing, and discuss the design of operators
for the action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40887 </DOCNO>
Solar 8B and hep Neutrino Measurements from 1258 Days of


  Solar neutrino measurements from 1258 days of data from the Super-Kamiokande
detector are presented. The measurements are based on recoil electrons in the
energy range 5.0-20.0MeV. The measured solar neutrino flux is 2.32 +-
0.03(stat.) +0.08-0.07(sys.)*10^6cm^{-2}s^{-1}, which is
45.1+-0.5(stat.)+1.6-1.4(sys.)% of that predicted by the BP2000 SSM. The day vs
night flux asymmetry is 0.033+-0.022(stat.)+0.013-0.012(sys.). The recoil
electron energy spectrum is consistent with no spectral distortion
(\chi^2/d.o.f. = 19.0/18). The seasonal variation of the flux is consistent
with that expected from the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit (\chi^2/d.o.f. =
3.7/7). For the hep neutrino flux, we set a 90% C.L. upper limit of 40
*10^3cm^{-2}s^{-1}, which is 4.3 times the BP2000 SSM prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113598 </DOCNO>
Superluminal Localized Waves of Electromagnetic Field in Vacuo


  Presented is an overview of electromagnetic versions of the so-called X-type
waves intensively studied since their invention in early 1990.-ies in
ultrasonics. These waves may be extremely localized both laterally and
longitudinally and - what has been considered as most startling - propagate
superluminally without apparent spread. Spotlighted are the issues of the
relativistic causality, variety of mathematical description and possibilities
of practical applications of the waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123499 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Star-Formation History: The UV finds most


  This is a summary of arguments in favor of observing high-redshift star
formation in the UV as presented at the Ringberg meeting in September 2000. The
most rapidly star-forming galaxies are very dusty, easier to detect at 850um
than in the UV, but less rapidly star-forming galaxies are less obscured by
dust and as a result the comparatively faint galaxies that hosted most
high-redshift star formation are easiest to detect in the UV. The correlation
of star-formation rate and dust obscuration implies that extremely luminous
dusty galaxies are usually as bright in the UV as the less luminous dust-free
galaxies, and that any UV survey at a given redshift 0<z<~3 deep enough to
detect the majority of the UV luminosity density will detect the majority of
IR-selected galaxies as well. Little star formation occurs in galaxies that are
completely hidden from UV surveys. I review recent attempts to estimate
star-formation rates for high-redshift galaxies from UV data alone. The
strength of UV surveys is that they detect large numbers of high-redshift
galaxies, even ones that are intrinsically very faint, in large and
representative comoving volumes. The weakness is that star-formation rates are
difficult to estimate for the detected galaxies. IR surveys complement them
perfectly: star-formation rates can be estimated with reasonable confidence,
but only small regions of the sky can be surveyed and only the most luminous
sources can be detected. Multiwavelength cooperation, not conflict, will lead
to future progress in this field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87254 </DOCNO>
Radiation Formula in the Rindler Frame


  In the preceding paper [see T. Hirayama, Prog. Theor. Phys. 106, 71 (2001)],
the power of the classical radiation emitted by a moving charge was evaluated
in the Rindler frame. In this paper, we give a simpler derivation of this
radiation formula, including the estimation of the directional dependence of
the radiation. We find that the splitting of the energy-momentum tensor into
bound part I' and emitted part II' is consistent with the three conditions
introduced in the preceding paper, also for each direction within the future
light cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168513 </DOCNO>
Variational Perturbation Theory for the Ground-State Wave Function


  We evaluate perturbatively the density matrix in the low-temperature limit
and thus the ground-state wave function of the anharmonic oscillator up to
second order in the coupling constant. We then employ Kleinert's variational
perturbation theory to determine the ground-state wave function for all
coupling strengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95467 </DOCNO>
Some inequalities related to isoperimetric inequalities with partial


  The main purpose of this paper is to prove a sharp Sobolev inequality in an
exterior of a convex bounded domain. There are two ingredients in the proof:
One is the observation of some new isoperimetric inequalities with partial free
boundary, and the other is an integral inequality (due to Duff [9]) for any
nonnegative function under Schwarz equimeasurable rearrangement. These
ingredients also allow us to establish some Moser-Trudinger type inequalities,
and obtain some estimates on the principal frequency of a membrane with partial
free boundary, which extend early results of Nehari [15] and Bandle [5] for two
dimensional domains to the one for any dimensional domains (dimension $\ge 2$)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73550 </DOCNO>
Broken R-parity, stop decays, and neutrino physics


  We discuss the phenomenology of the lightest stop in models where R-parity is
broken by bilinear superpotential terms. In this class of models we consider
scenarios where the R-parity breaking two-body decay ~t_1->\tau^+b competes
with the leading three-body decays such as ~t_1->W^+b~\chi^0_1. We demonstrate
that the R-parity violating decay can be sizable and in some parts of the
parameter space even the dominant one. Moreover we discuss the expectations for
\~t_1->\mu^+b and ~t_1->e^+b. The recent results from solar and atmospheric
neutrinos suggest that these are as important as the tau bottom mode. The
\~t_1->l^+b decays are of particular interest for hadron colliders, as they may
allow a full mass reconstruction of the lighter stop. Moreover these decay
modes allow cross checks on the neutrino mixing angle involved in the solar
neutrino puzzle complementary to those possible using neutralino decays. For
the so--called small mixing angle or SMA solution ~t_1->e^+b should be
negligible, while for the large mixing angle type solutions all ~t_1->l^+b
decays should have comparable magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2275 </DOCNO>
Thermal vs quantum decoherence in double well trapped Bose-Einstein


  The quantum and thermal fluctuations of the phase are investigated in a cold
Bose gas confined by a double well trap. The coherence of the system is
discussed in terms of the visibility of interference fringes in both momentum
and coordinate space. The visibility is calculated at zero as well as at finite
temperature. The thermal fluctuations are shown to affect significantly the
transition from the coherent to the incoherent regime even at very low
temperatures. The coherence of an array of multiple condensates is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74272 </DOCNO>
Space of kink solutions in SU(N)\times Z_2


  We find $(N+1)/2$ distinct classes (``generations'') of kink solutions in an
$SU(N)\times Z_2$ field theory. The classes are labeled by an integer $q$. The
members of one class of kinks will be globally stable while those of the other
classes may be locally stable or unstable. The kink solutions in the $q^{th}$
class have a continuous degeneracy given by the manifold $\Sigma_q=H/K_q$,
where $H$ is the unbroken symmetry group and $K_q$ is the group under which the
kink solution remains invariant. The space $\Sigma_q$ is found to contain
incontractable two spheres for some values of $q$, indicating the possible
existence of certain incontractable spherical structures in three dimensions.
We explicitly construct the three classes of kinks in an SU(5) model with
quartic potential and discuss the extension of these ideas to magnetic monopole
solutions in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2107 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Nematic Liquid Crystal under Oscillatory Flow: Influence of


  We analyse the influence of a surface viscosity on the orientational dynamics
of a nematic liquid crystal subjected to an oscillatory Couette flow.
Approximate analytical solutions of nematohydrodynamic equations for small flow
amplitudes are calculated and compared with the results of full numerical
simulations. The range of flow frequencies where the surface viscosity has
strong influence on the optical response is determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73392 </DOCNO>
$SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$ as an $E_6$ Subgroup


  An extension of the Standard Model to the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes
SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$ which is a subgroup of the electroweak-strong
unification group $E_6$ is analyzed. The mass scales, the gauge boson masses,
and the masses for the spin 1/2 particles in the model are calculated. The mass
differences between the up and down quark sectors, between the quarks and
leptons, and between the charged and neutral leptons in one family are
explained as a consequence of mixing of ordinary with exotic fermions implied
by the model. By using experimental results we constrain the mixing angle
between the two neutral currents and the mass of the additional neutral gauge
boson to be $-0.0015 \leq \sin\theta \leq 0.0048$ and $600 GeV \leq M_{Z_2}$ at
95% CL. The existence of a Dirac neutrino for each family with a mass of the
order of the electroweak mass scale is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76780 </DOCNO>
The Gluon Propagator without lattice Gribov copies on a finer lattice


  We extend our study of the gluon propagator in quenched lattice QCD using the
Laplacian gauge to a finer lattice. We verify the existence of a pole mass as
we take the continuum limit and deduce a value of $\sim 600^{+150}_{-30}$ MeV
for this pole mass. We find a finite value of $(454(5){\rm MeV})^{-2}$ for the
renormalized zero-momentum propagator, in agreement with results on coarser
lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2330 </DOCNO>
The liquid to vapor phase transition in excited nuclei


  For many years it has been speculated that excited nuclei would undergo a
liquid to vapor phase transition. For even longer, it has been known that
clusterization in a vapor carries direct information on the liquid- vapor
equilibrium according to Fisher's droplet model. Now the thermal component of
the 8 GeV/c pion + 197Au multifragmentation data of the ISiS Collaboration is
shown to follow the scaling predicted by Fisher's model, thus providing the
strongest evidence yet of the liquid to vapor phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72754 </DOCNO>
Extra Families, Higgs Spectrum and Oblique Corrections


  The standard model accommodates, but does not explain, three families of
leptons and quarks, while various extensions suggest extra matter families. The
oblique corrections from extra chiral families with relatively light
(weak-scale) masses, $M_{f} \sim <H> $, are analyzed and used to constrain the
number of extra families and their spectrum. The analysis is motivated, in
part, by recent N = 2 supersymmetry constructions, but is performed in a
model-independent way. It is shown that the correlations among the
contributions to the three oblique parameters, rather than the contribution to
a particular one, provide the most significant bound. Nevertheless, a single
extra chiral family with a constrained spectrum is found to be consistent with
precision data without requiring any other new physics source. Models with
three additional families may also be accommodated but only by invoking
additional new physics, most notably, a two-Higgs-doublet extension. The
interplay between the spectra of the extra fermions and the Higgs boson(s) is
analyzed in the case of either one or two Higgs doublets, and its implications
are explored. In particular, the precision bound on the SM-like Higgs boson
mass is shown to be significantly relaxed in the presence of an extra
relatively light chiral family.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83556 </DOCNO>
Fast Pricing of European Asian Options with Provable Accuracy:


  This paper develops three polynomial-time pricing techniques for European
Asian options with provably small errors, where the stock prices follow
binomial trees or trees of higher-degree. The first technique is the first
known Monte Carlo algorithm with analytical error bounds suitable for pricing
single-stock options with meaningful confidence and speed. The second technique
is a general recursive bucketing-based scheme that can use the
Aingworth-Motwani-Oldham aggregation algorithm, Monte-Carlo simulation and
possibly others as the base-case subroutine. This scheme enables robust
trade-offs between accuracy and time over subtrees of different sizes. For
long-term options or high frequency price averaging, it can price single-stock
options with smaller errors in less time than the base-case algorithms
themselves. The third technique combines Fast Fourier Transform with
bucketing-based schemes for pricing basket options. This technique takes
polynomial time in the number of days and the number of stocks, and does not
add any errors to those already incurred in the companion bucketing scheme.
This technique assumes that the price of each underlying stock moves
independently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174704 </DOCNO>
Global Observables at RHIC


  The first three measurements from the RHIC program were results on global
observables: charged particle multiplicity (N_ch), transverse energy (E_T) and
elliptic flow (v_2). They offer a look at the large-scale features of particle
production in high-energy nuclear collisions, with particular insight into
entropy production and collective behavior. Results from all of the RHIC
experiments are discussed in light of data from lower energy nuclear collisions
as well as from high-energy hadronic collisions to test our current
understanding of the collision dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124061 </DOCNO>
Cluster Evolution in the ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Survey


  The deepest region of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, at the North Ecliptic Pole,
has been studied to produce a complete and unbiased X-ray selected sample of
clusters of galaxies. This sample is used to investigate the nature of cluster
evolution and explore potential implications for large-scale structure models.
The survey is 99.6% optically identified. Spectroscopic redshifts have been
measured for all the extragalactic identifications. In this Letter, first
results on cluster evolution are presented based on a comparison between the
number of the observed clusters in the North Ecliptic Pole survey and the
number of expected clusters assuming no-evolution models. At z>0.3 there is a
deficit of clusters with respect to the local universe which is significant at
> 4.7sigma. The evolution appears to commence at L_{0.5-2.0} > 1.8x10^{44} erg
s^{-1} in our data. The negative evolution goes in the same direction as the
original EMSS result, the results from the 160 deg^{2} survey by Vikhlinin et
al. (1998) and the recent results from the RDCS (Rosati et al. 2000). At lower
redshifts there is no evidence for evolution, a result in agreement with these
and other cluster surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148095 </DOCNO>
Role of the brane curvature scalar in the brane world cosmology


  We include the brane curvature scalar to study its cosmological implication
in the brane world cosmology. This term is usually introduced to obtain the
well-defined stress-energy tensor on the boundary of anti de
Sitter-Schwarzschild space. Here we treat this as the perturbed term for
cosmological purpose. We find corrections to the well-known equation of the
brane cosmology. It contains new interesting terms which may play the important
role in the brane cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4135 </DOCNO>
Distinct origins of magnetic -field -induced resistivity irreversibility


  Our investigation of the magnetotransport in two charge ordered manganites
with similar magnetic ground states reveals that the origin of
magnetoresistance can not be concluded from the isofield resistivity, $\rho
$(T, constant H), measurements alone. Both
Pr$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.41}$Ca$_{0.09}$MnO$_{3}$ (PrSrCa) and
La$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ (LaCa) show a ferromagnetic transition (T$_{C}$ =
260 K for PrSrCa, 230 K for LaCa) followed by an antiferromagnetic transition
(T$_{N}$ = 170 K for PrSrCa, 140 K for LaCa). These compounds show
qualitatively similar magnetotransport : Below the irreversibility temperature
T$_{IR}$, field cooled (FC) resistivity is lower than zero field cooled (ZFC)
and decreases continuously with T, whereas the ZFC $\rho $(T, H) resembles $\
$the behavior of $\rho $(T, H = 0 T). The value of $\rho $(ZFC)/$\rho $(FC) is
$\approx $ 10$^{4}$ at 5 K and $\mu_{0}$H = 7 T in both compounds. However,
isothermal magnetic measurements suggest distinct origins of magnetoresistance
: Field cooling enhances ferromagnetic phase fraction in LaCa whereas it drives
PrSrCa into a metastable state with high magnetization. The distinct origins of
magnetotransport is also reflected in other magnetic history dependent
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76654 </DOCNO>
Invariant mass cuts and quantum effects in many body decays of mesons


  We analyze a quantum effect that takes place in resonance-mediated many body
decays. This effect is due to the interference between various contributions
from a given intermediate resonant state, each one with a different virtual
mass. We show that, although it can be safely neglected in most cases, the
effect becomes strongly enhanced for some particular processes. We point out
that these considerations have not been taken into account in the experimental
study of D and B meson decays and could significantly affect several reported
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86203 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic Extension of the Double Taub-NUT Metric


  Starting from the generic harmonic superspace action of the
quaternion-K\"ahler sigma models and using the quotient approach we present, in
an explicit form, a quaternion-K\"ahler extension of the double Taub-NUT
metric. It possesses $U(1)\times U(1)$ isometry and supplies a new example of
non-homogeneous Einstein metric with self-dual Weyl tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75455 </DOCNO>
AMEGIC++ 1.0, A Matrix Element Generator In C++


  The new matrix element generator AMEGIC++ is introduced, dedicated to
describe multi-particle production in high energy particle collisions. It
automatically generates helicity amplitudes for the processes under
consideration and constructs suitable, efficient integration channels for the
multi-channel phase space integration. The corresponding expressions for the
amplitudes and the integrators are stored in library files to be linked to the
main program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75970 </DOCNO>
Two-particle decays of B_c meson into charmonium states


  The factorization of hard and soft contributions into the hadronic decays of
B_c meson at large recoils is explored in order to evaluate the decay rates
into the S, P and D-wave charmonia associated with rho and pi. The constraints
of approach applicability and uncertainties of numerical estimates are
discussed. The mode with the J/psi in the final state is evaluated taking into
account the cascade radiative electromagnetic decays of excited P-wave states,
that enlarges the branching ratio by 20-25%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123605 </DOCNO>
A representative sample of Be stars IV: Infrared Photometry and the


  We present infra-red (JHK) photometry of 52 isolated Be stars of spectral
types O9--B9 and luminosity classes III--V. We describe a new method of
reduction, enabling separation of interstellar reddening and circumstellar
excess. Using this technique we find that the disc emission makes a maximum
contribution to the optical (B-V) colour of a few tenths of a magnitude. We
find strong correlations between a range of emission lines (H\alpha, Br\gamma,
Br11, and Br18) from the Be stars' discs, and the circumstellar continuum
excesses. We also find that stellar rotation and disc excess are correlated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2339 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on ``Pipe network model for scaling of dynamic


  Here we give further evidences to support our scaling relation described in
our previous paper [cond-mat/0006459, Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol.85, pp.1238 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123857 </DOCNO>
On the radio spectrum of CI Cygni: a test of popular models for


  We have determined the spectral energy distribution at wavelengths between 6
cm and 0.85 mm for the proto-typical S(stellar)-type symbiotic star, CI Cygni,
during quiescence. Data were obtained simultaneously with the Very Large Array
and the SCUBA sub-millimetre (sub-mm) camera on the James Clerk Maxwell
Telescope. The data have allowed us to determine the free-free turnover
frequency of the ionised component, facilitating a model-dependent estimate of
the binary separation to compare with the known orbital parameters of CI Cug
and to critically test the known models for radio emission from symbiotic
stars. In particular, our data rule out the two most popular models: ionization
of the giant wind by Lyman continuum photons from its hot companion and
emission resulting from the interaction of winds from the two binary
components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2876 </DOCNO>
Variational Method for Calculation of Plasma Phase Diagrams in Path


  The use of variational method in functional integral approach is discussed
for fermion and boson systems with Coulomb interaction. The formal general
expression of thermodynamic potential is obtained by Feynman path integral
technique and representation of Coulomb interaction with functional integrals.
Introduced additional complex field show to transform the problem to
calculation of functional integrals containing third order vertices. The
thermodynamic potential can be found from variational principle with respect to
field cumulants. The calculation of the equation of state and critical
properties is demonstrated for symmetrical plasma by variation of finite number
of parameters in the propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128764 </DOCNO>
Stellar X-ray Binary Populations in Elliptical Galaxies


  Chandra's high angular resolution can resolve emission from stellar X-ray
binaries out of the diffuse X-ray emission from gaseous atmospheres within
elliptical galaxies. Variations in the X-ray binary populations (per unit
galaxian optical luminosity) are correlated with variations in the specific
frequency of globular clusters in ellipticals. This indicates that X-ray
binaries are largely formed in globular clusters, rather than being a
primordial field population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75863 </DOCNO>
Formfactor of the relativistic scalar bound state calculated in


  We have calculated the electromagnetic elastic form factor of a two body
scalar bound state. The Bethe-Salpeter equation is solved directly in the
Minkowski space using the Perturbation Theory Integral Representation. At soft
coupling regime the obtained results are compared with those following from a
quasipotential spectator (Gross) approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41857 </DOCNO>
New Results on Flavor Physics


  Recent progress in flavor physics is discussed. In particular, I review
theoretical and experimental developments relevant for semileptonic B decays
and the determination of |Vcb| and |Vub|, for exclusive rare decays, for
nonleptonic b->c decays and tests of factorization, and for D meson mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113831 </DOCNO>
Forbidden transitions in the helium atom


  Nonrelativistically forbidden, single-photon transition rates between low
lying states of the helium atom are rigorously derived within quantum
electrodynamics theory. Equivalence of velocity and length gauges, including
relativistic corrections is explicitly demonstrated. Numerical calculations of
matrix elements are performed with the use of high precision variational wave
functions and compared to former results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149130 </DOCNO>
Superfield approach to BRST cohomology


  In the framework of superfield formalism, we discuss some aspects of the
cohomological features of a two (1+1)-dimensional free Abelian gauge theory
described by a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) invariant Lagrangian density.
We demonstrate that the conserved and nilpotent (anti-)BRST- and (anti-)co-BRST
charges are the generators of translations along the Grassmannian directions of
the four (2+2)-dimensional supermanifold. A bosonic symmetry is shown to be
generated by a Noether conserved charge that generates a translation along a
bosonic direction of the supermanifold which turns out to be equivalent to a
couple of successive translations along the two different and independent
Grassmannian directions of the same supermanifold. Algebraically, these charges
are found to be analogous to the de Rham cohomology operators of differential
geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129212 </DOCNO>
Empirical calibration of the near-IR Ca II triplet - III. Fitting


  Using a near-IR stellar library of 706 stars with a wide coverage of
atmospheric parameters, we study the behaviour of the Ca II triplet strength in
terms of effective temperature, surface gravity and metallicity. Empirical
fitting functions for recently defined line-strength indices, namely CaT*, CaT
and PaT, are provided. These functions can be easily implemented into stellar
populations models to provide accurate predictions for integrated Ca II
strengths. We also present a thorough study of the various error sources and
their relation to the residuals of the derived fitting functions. Finally, the
derived functional forms and the behaviour of the predicted Ca II are compared
with those of previous works in the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1624 </DOCNO>
1/2-Anyons in small atomic Bose-Einstein condensates


  We discuss a way of creating, manipulating and detecting anyons in rotating
Bose-Einstein condensates consisting of a small number of atoms . By achieving
a quasidegeneracy in the atomic motional states we drive the system into a
1/2--Laughlin state for fractional quantum Hall bosons. Localized
1/2--quasiholes can be created by focusing lasers at the desired positions. We
show how to manipulate these quasiholes in order to probe directly their
1/2--statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98069 </DOCNO>
Fractional Supersymmetry and Infinite Dimensional Lie Algebras


  In an earlier work extensions of supersymmetry and super Lie algebras were
constructed consistently starting from any representation $\D$ of any Lie
algebra $\g$. Here it is shown how infinite dimensional Lie algebras appear
naturally within the framework of fractional supersymmetry. Using a
differential realization of $\g$ this infinite dimensional Lie algebra,
containing the Lie algebra $\g$ as a sub-algebra, is explicitly constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127017 </DOCNO>
Primordial molecules at millimeter wavelengths


  Chemistry plays a particular role in astrophysics. After atomic hydrogen,
helium and their ions, the Universe probably contains more mass in molecules
than in any other species. Molecule formation in the early, pre-galactic
  Universe may have had much to do with the formation of galaxies themselves.
In this context the possible interaction between primordial molecules and
photons of the Cosmic Microwave Background is very important through the
theoretical perspectives and constraints which could give some information on
the theory of the large scale structure formation. In this paper we recall the
more recent progresses on the chemistry of the early Universe, and describe the
importance of molecules in the formation phase of proto objects. A special
attention is done concerning the {\it case of LiH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73995 </DOCNO>
The Charge and Matter radial distributions of Heavy-Light mesons


  For a heavy-light meson with a static heavy quark, we can explore the light
quark distribution. The charge and matter radial distributions of these
heavy-light mesons are measured on a 16^3 * 24 lattice at beta=5.7 and a
hopping parameter corresponding to a light quark mass about that of the strange
quark. Both distributions can be well fitted up to 4 lattice spacings (r approx
0.7 fm) with the exponential form w_i^2(r), where w_i(r)=A exp(-r/r_i). For the
charge(c) and matter(m) distributions r_c approx 0.32(2) fm and r_m approx
0.24(2) fm. We also discuss the normalisation of the total charge and matter
integrated over all space, finding 1.30(5) and 0.4(1) respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174783 </DOCNO>
What do we learn from (e,e'p) experiments


  The promise and limitations of studying nuclear structure and reactions using
(e,e'p) reactions are discussed. A(e,e'p)A-1 reactions on complex nuclei are
used to test new relativistic mean-field calculations and their ingredients
such as ground-state wave function, current operators, final-state interactions
and two-body currents, and to assess the limits of single-particle models. For
higher excitations of the residual nuclei, A(e,e'p) reactions reveal only
qualitative features of the reaction mechanism, and their increased usefulness
awaits input from more complex reactions such as A(e,e'X). The (e,e'p)
experiments on few-body nuclei provide essential input to quickly developing
theories for few-body systems, where individual theoretical ingredients can be
studied very selectively. A large data set is needed for this purpose, and
existing or proposed experimental programs are discussed. If hadronic theories
can meet the challenge of consistently describing this body of data at low and
moderate energies, the transition from hadronic to quark-gluon degrees of
freedom could be probed in experiments at higher energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128998 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of the magnetorotational instability in weakly


  In this letter, we present numerical calculations made to investigate the
possible resolution dependence of the Shakura & Sunyaev (1973) viscosity
parameter alpha from local magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the
magnetorotational instability (MRI). We find that the values of alpha do indeed
depend significantly on the numerical resolution but also that when the highest
resolutions attainable by the computational resources available are used, the
growth of the alpha-parameter seems to saturate. The values of alpha are at
most of the order of 10^(-3), which indicates that the sole presence of
turbulence due to dynamo generated magnetic field in the disk is not enough to
reproduce alphas of the order unity which could explain some observational
results (e.g. Cannizzo 1993).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6219 </DOCNO>
Very low-frequency excitations in frustrated two-dimensional $S=1/2$


  muSR and 7Li NMR relaxation measurements in frustrated two-dimensional S=1/2
Heisenberg antiferromagnets on a square lattice are presented. It is found that
both in Li2VOSiO4 and Li2VOGeO4, spin dynamics at frequencies well below the
Heisenberg exchange frequency are present. These dynamics are associated with
the motions of walls separating coexisting collinear domains with a magnetic
wave vector rotated by 90 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76324 </DOCNO>
Higgs bosons may be sneutrinos


  In a GUT scenario with unconventional supersymmetry, Higgs bosons can be
sneutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113533 </DOCNO>
Operator Ordering in Quantum Radiative Processes


  In this work we reexamine quantum electrodynamics of atomic eletrons in the
Coulomb gauge in the dipole approximation and calculate the shift of atomic
energy levels in the context of Dalibard, Dupont-Roc and Cohen-Tannoudji (DDC)
formalism by considering the variation rates of physical observables. We then
analyze the physical interpretation of the ordering of operators in the dipole
approximation interaction Hamiltonian in terms of field fluctuations and
self-reaction of atomic eletrons, discussing the arbitrariness in the
statistical functions in second order bound-state perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95810 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of the variational complex in BRST theory


  We show that cohomology of the variational complex in field-antifield BRST
theory on an arbitrary manifold is equal to the de Rham cohomology of this
manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73676 </DOCNO>
Revealing the black-body regime of small-x deep-inelastic scattering


  We derive the major characteristics of inclusive and diffractive final states
in deep-inelastic scattering off heavy nuclei for the-high energy (small-x)
kinematics in which the limit of complete absorption is reached for the
dominant hadronic fluctuations in the virtual photon (the black-body limit of
the process). Both the longitudinal and transverse distributions of the leading
hadrons are found to be strikingly different from the corresponding ones within
the leading-twist approximation, and hence provide unambiguous signals for the
onset of the black-body limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150284 </DOCNO>
Two Dimensional Conformal Field Theory on Open and Unoriented Surfaces


  Introduction to two dimensional conformal field theory on open and unoriented
surfaces. The construction is illustrated in detail on the example of SU(2) WZW
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87297 </DOCNO>
Further Evidence for the Conformal Structure of a Schwarzschild Black


  We study the excitations of a massive Schwarzschild black hole of mass M
resulting from the capture of infalling matter described by a massless scalar
field. The near-horizon dynamics of this system is governed by a Hamiltonian
which is related to the Virasoro algebra and admits a one-parameter family of
self-adjoint extensions described by a parameter z \in R . The density of
states of the black hole can be expressed equivalently in terms of z or M,
leading to a consistent relation between these two parameters. The
corresponding black hole entropy is obtained as S = S(0) - 3/2 log S(0) + C,
where S(0) is the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, C is a constant with other
subleading corrections exponentially suppressed. The appearance of this precise
form of the black hole entropy within our formalism, which is expected on
general grounds in any conformal field theoretic description, provides strong
evidence for the near-horizon conformal structure in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127997 </DOCNO>
The X-ray virial relations for relaxed lensing clusters observed with


  We examine the relations linking mass, X-ray temperature and bolometric
luminosity for a sample of luminous, relatively relaxed clusters of galaxies
observed with the Chandra Observatory, for which independent confirmation of
the mass results is available from gravitational lensing studies. Within radii
corresponding to a fixed overdensity Delta = 2500 with respect to the critical
density at the redshifts of the clusters, the observed temperature profiles,
scaled in units of T_2500 and r_2500, exhibit an approximately universal form
which rises within r~0.3 r_2500 and then remains approximately constant out to
r_2500. We obtain best-fit slopes for the mass-temperature and
temperature-luminosity relations consistent with the predictions from simple
scaling arguments i.e. M_2500 \propto T_2500^{3/2} and L_2500 \propto
T_2500^{2}, respectively. We confirm the presence of a systematic offset of ~40
per cent between the normalizations of the observed and predicted
mass-temperature relations for both SCDM and LambdaCDM cosmologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148152 </DOCNO>
Discreteness in deSitter Space and Quantization of Kahler Manifolds


  Recently, it has been proposed that the dimension of the Hilbert space of
quantum gravity in deSitter space is finite and moreover it is expressed in
terms of the coupling constants by using the entropy formula. A weaker
conjecture would be that the coupling constant in deSitter space should take
only discrete values not necessarily given by the entropy formula. We discuss
quantization of the horizon in deSitter space by using Berezin's functorial
quantization of Kahler manifolds and argue that the weak conjecture is valid
for Euclidean deSitter space. Moreover it can be valid for a class of bounded
complex symmetric spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98599 </DOCNO>
The Lusternik-Schnirelmann Category of Sp(3)


  We show that the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of the symplectic group
Sp(3) is 5. This L-S category coincides with the cone length and the stable
weak category.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125946 </DOCNO>
A dozen colliding wind X-ray binaries in the star cluster R136 in the 30


  We analyzed archival Chandra X-ray observations of the central portion of the
30 Doradus region in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The image contains 20 X-ray
point sources with luminosities between 5x10^32 and 2x10^35 erg/s (0.2 to 3.5
keV). A dozen sources have bright WN Wolf-Rayet or spectral type O stars as
optical counterparts. Nine of these are within about 3.4pc of R136, the central
star cluster of NGC2070. We derive an empirical relation between the X-ray
luminosity and the parameters for the stellar wind of the optical counterpart.
The relation gives good agreement for known colliding wind binaries in the
Milky Way Galaxy and for the identified X-ray sources in NGC2070. We conclude
that probably all identified X-ray sources in NGC2070 are colliding wind
binaries and that they are not associated with compact objects. This conclusion
contradicts Wang (1995) who argued, using ROSAT data, that two earlier
discovered X-ray sources are accreting black-hole binaries. Five early type
stars in R136 are not bright in X-rays, possibly indicating that they are
either: single stars or have a low mass companion or a wide orbit. The
resulting binary fraction among early type stars is unusually high; possibly
all (127) early type stars in the 30Doradus region are binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73167 </DOCNO>
Pinching phenomenon: Central feature in out of equilibrium thermal field


  We continue to study out of equilibrium TFT with switching on the interaction
occurring at finite time. We exploit the concept of projected function (PF) and
Wigner transform of projected function (WTPF). WTPF's are bare propagators,
one-loop self-energies, retarded and advanced components of the resummed
propagator. Among WTPF's convolution product is very simple, one does not need
gradient expansion. However, WTPF's are completely determined by their infinite
time limit and, thus, cannot be the carriers of relaxation phenomena.
Furthermore, we observe that the functions capable of carrying relaxation
phenomena (non-WTPF) emerge in the mixed ("ill-defined") products of retarded
and advanced propagators and self-energies. In particular, only non-WTPF's
contribute to time variation of equal-time Green functions (particle number,
etc.); contributions from WTPF will be constant in time. As these are generated
in mixed products, the pinching phenomenon is being promoted from an obstacle
to the central feature of out of equilibrium TFT. We analyze the pinching
phenomenon. In the case of naive pinching we reproduce known results. In
Schwinger-Dyson equations the Keldysh component of self-energy is well defined
even for multiple self-energy insertion contributions. We calaculate explicitly
single self-energy contribution to Keldysh component of propagator which
generates nontrivial time dependence. For photon production from QCD plasma
(finite-lifetime effect) our approximate analytic results agree with the
results by S. -Y. Wang and D. Boyanovsky obtained within dynamical
renormalisation group approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128213 </DOCNO>
The Minimum Universal Metal Density Between Redshifts of 1.5 and 5.5


  It appears that the Lyman alpha forest is becoming thick at a redshift of
about 5.5, cutting off the higher redshift intergalactic medium from view in
neutral hydrogen. However, the effects of star formation at higher redshift are
still readable in the intergalactic metal lines. In this paper I use
observations of 32 quasars with emission redshifts in the range 2.31 to 5.86 to
study the evolution of the intergalactic metal density from z = 1.5 to z = 5.5.
The C IV column density distribution function is consistent with being
invariant throughout this redshift range. From direct integration, I determine
Omega_CIV to be in the range (2.5 - 7) \times 10^{-8} and Omega_SiIV in the
range (0.9 - 3) \times 10^{-8} between z = 1.5 and z = 5. The metallicity at z
= 5 exceeds 3.5 \times 10^{-4}, which in turn implies that this fraction of the
universal massive star formation took place beyond this redshift. This is
sufficient to have ionized the intergalactic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86994 </DOCNO>
Second post-Newtonian gravitational wave polarizations for compact


  The second post-Newtonian (2PN) contribution to the `plus' and `cross'
gravitational wave polarizations associated with gravitational radiation from
non-spinning, compact binaries moving in elliptic orbits is computed. The
computation starts from our earlier results on 2PN generation, crucially
employs the 2PN accurate generalized quasi-Keplerian parametrization of
elliptic orbits by Damour, Sch\"afer and Wex and provides 2PN accurate
expressions modulo the tail terms for gravitational wave polarizations
incorporating effects of eccentricity and periastron precession.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174663 </DOCNO>
The population of deformed bands in $^{48}$Cr by emission of $^{8}$Be


  Using particle-$\gamma$ coincidences we have studied the population of final
states after the emission of 2 $\alpha$-particles and of $^{8}$Be in nuclei
formed in $^{32}$S+$^{24}$Mg reactions at an energy of $\textrm{E}_{\rm
L}(^{32}\textrm{S}) = 130 {\rm MeV}$. The data were obtained in a setup
consisting of the GASP $\gamma$-ray detection array and the multidetector array
ISIS. Particle identification is obtained from the $\Delta$E and E signals of
the ISIS silicon detector telescopes, the $^{8}$Be being identified by the
instantaneous pile up of the $\Delta$E and E pulses. $\gamma$-ray decays of the
$^{48}$Cr nucleus are identified with coincidences set on 2 $\alpha$-particles
and on $^{8}$Be. Some transitions of the side-band with $K^\pi=4^{-}$ show
stronger population for $^{8}$Be emission relative to that of 2
$\alpha$-particles (by a factor $1.5-1.8$). This observation is interpreted as
due to an enhanced emission of $^{8}$Be into a more deformed nucleus.
Calculations based on the extended Hauser-Feshbach compound decay formalism
confirm this observation quantitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1055 </DOCNO>
Critical Behavior of a Heavy Particle in a Granular Fluid


  Behavior analogous to a second order phase transition is observed for the
homogeneous cooling state of a heavy impurity particle in a granular fluid. The
order parameter $\phi $ is the ratio of impurity mean square velocity to that
of the fluid, with a conjugate field $h$ proportional to the mass ratio. A
parameter $\beta $, measuring the fluid cooling rate relative to the
impurity--fluid collision rate, is the analogue of the inverse temperature. For
$\beta <1$ the fluid is ``normal'' with $\phi =0$ at $h=0$, as in the case of a
system with elastic collisions. For $\beta >1$ an ``ordered'' state with $\phi
\neq 0$ occurs at $h=0$, representing an extreme breakdown of equipartition.
Critical slowing and qualitative changes in the velocity distribution function
for the impurity particle near the transition are noted

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148528 </DOCNO>
New Formulations of D=10 Supersymmetry and D8-O8 Domain Walls


  We discuss a generalized form of IIA/IIB supergravity depending on all R-R
potentials C^(p) (p=0,1,...,9) as the effective field theory of Type IIA/IIB
superstring theory. For the IIA case we explicitly break this R-R democracy to
either p<=3 or p>=5 which allows us to write a new bulk action that can be
coupled to N=1 supersymmetric brane actions.
  The case of 8-branes is studied in detail using the new bulk & brane action.
The supersymmetric negative tension branes without matter excitations can be
viewed as orientifolds in the effective action. These D8-branes and O8-planes
are fundamental in Type I' string theory. A BPS 8-brane solution is given which
satisfies the jump conditions on the wall. It implies a quantization of the
mass parameter in string units. Also we find a maximal distance between the two
walls, depending on the string coupling and the mass parameter. We derive the
same results via supersymmetric flow equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98770 </DOCNO>
Matrix Integrals and Feynman Diagrams in the Kontsevich Model


  We give an alternative proof of the Witten-Di Francesco-Itzykson-Zuber
theorem -- which expresses derivatives of the generating functional of
intersection numbers as matrix integrals -- using techniques based on the
ribbon graph triangulation of the moduli space of smooth algebraic curves and
graphical calculus for symmetric categories. Our techniques extend to a more
general interaction potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40923 </DOCNO>
Hadron Energy Reconstruction for the ATLAS Calorimetry in the Framework


  This paper discusses hadron energy reconstruction for the ATLAS barrel
prototype combined calorimeter (consisting of a lead-liquid argon
electromagnetic part and an iron-scintillator hadronic part) in the framework
of the non-parametrical method. The non-parametrical method utilizes only the
known $e/h$ ratios and the electron calibration constants and does not require
the determination of any parameters by a minimization technique. Thus, this
technique lends itself to an easy use in a first level trigger. The
reconstructed mean values of the hadron energies are within $\pm 1%$ of the
true values and the fractional energy resolution is $[(58\pm3)%
/\sqrt{E}+(2.5\pm0.3)%]\oplus (1.7\pm0.2)/E$. The value of the $e/h$ ratio
obtained for the electromagnetic compartment of the combined calorimeter is
$1.74\pm0.04$ and agrees with the prediction that $e/h > 1.7$ for this
electromagnetic calorimeter. Results of a study of the longitudinal hadronic
shower development are also presented. The data have been taken in the H8 beam
line of the CERN SPS using pions of energies from 10 to 300 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73552 </DOCNO>
Mixing of three neutrinos in matter


  Explicit analytical expression is derived for mixing matrix of three
neutrinos in matter using a set of direct vacuum physical parameters. Results
are presented in simple, symmetrical form. The physical contents are more clear
than using of traditional mixing angles. There is no problem about mixing
orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3684 </DOCNO>
Novel critical field in magneto-resistance oscillation of 2DEG in


  We have investigated the magnetoresistance of strongly asymmetric double-well
structures formed by a thin AlGaAs barrier grown far from the interface in the
GaAs buffer of standard heterostructures. In magnetic fields oriented parallel
to the electron layers, the magnetoresistance exhibits an oscillation
associated with the depopulation of the higher occupied subband and with the
field-induced transition into a decoupled bilayer. In addition, the increasing
field transfers electrons from the triangular to rectangular well and, at high
enough field value, the triangular well is emptied. Consequently, the
electronic system becomes a single layer which leads to a sharp step in the
density of electron states and to an additional minimum in the
magnetoresistance curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125108 </DOCNO>
X-ray transients in the galactic center region


  In the last 15 years, 6 dedicated observation programs were carried out to
monitor ~20 deg around the galactic center for transient activity above a few
keV. Transient activity from low-mass X-ray binaries shows a strong preference
for this field. Two programs are currently active, with the Wide Field Cameras
on BeppoSAX and the Proportional Counter Array on RXTE. The coverage of these
programs is fairly extensive, with typical sensitivities of a few mCrab and an
angular resolution of a few arcminutes which is better than that of typical
all-sky monitor devices. Fifteen transients with peak fluxes above 10 mCrab
were discovered with these instruments so far (equivalent to 12 +/- 4 such
transients per year over the whole sky), and on top of that BeppoSAX-WFC
detected about 2000 X-ray bursts. We summarize some recent results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4373 </DOCNO>
Spin-1 effective Hamiltonian with three degenerate orbitals: An


  Motivated by recent neutron and x-ray observations in V_2O_3, we derive the
effective Hamiltonian in the strong coupling limit of an Hubbard model with
three degenerate t_{2g} states containing two electrons coupled to spin S = 1,
and use it to re-examine the low-temperature ground-state properties of this
compound. An axial trigonal distortion of the cubic states is also taken into
account. Since there are no assumptions about the symmetry properties of the
hopping integrals involved, the resulting spin-orbital Hamiltonian can be
generally applied to any crystallographic configuration of the transition metal
ion giving rise to degenerate t_{2g} orbitals. Specializing to the case of
V_2O_3 we consider the antiferromagnetic insulating phase. We find two
variational regimes, depending on the relative size of the correlation energy
of the vertical pairs and the in-plane interaction energy. The former favors
the formation of stable molecules throughout the crystal, while the latter
tends to break this correlated state. We determine in both cases the minimizing
orbital solutions for various spin configurations, and draw the corresponding
phase diagrams. We find that none of the symmetry-breaking stable phases with
the real spin structure presents an orbital ordering compatible with the
magnetic space group indicated by very recent observations of non-reciprocal
x-ray gyrotropy in V_2O_3. We do however find a compatible solution with very
small excitation energy in two distinct regions of the phase space, which might
turn into the true ground state of V_2O_3 due to the favorable coupling with
the lattice. We illustrate merits and drawbacks of the various solutions and
discuss them in relation to the present experimental evidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96530 </DOCNO>
Closed incompressible surfaces in the complements of positive knots


  We show that any closed incompressible surface in the complement of a
positive knot is algebraically non-split from the knot, positive knots cannot
bound non-free incompressible Seifert surfaces and that the splitability and
the primeness of positive knots and links can be seen from their positive
diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125881 </DOCNO>
On the complex disc-corona interactions in the soft spectral states of


  Accreting black holes show a complex and diverse behaviour in their soft
spectral states. Although these spectra are dominated by a soft, thermal
component which almost certainly arises from an accretion disc, there is also a
hard X-ray tail indicating that some fraction of the accretion power is instead
dissipated in hot, optically thin coronal material. During such states, best
observed in the early outburst of Soft X-ray Transients, the ratio of power
dissipated in the hot corona to that in the disc can vary from ~0 (pure disc
accretion) to ~1 (equal power in each). Here we present results of spectral
analyses of a number of sources, demonstrating the presence of complex features
in their energy spectra. Our main findings are: (1) the soft components are not
properly described by a thermal emission from accretion discs: they are
appreciably broader than can be described by disc blackbody models even
including relativistic effects, and (2) the spectral features near 5-9 keV
commonly seen in such spectra can be well described by reprocessing of hard
X-rays by optically thick, highly ionized, relativistically moving plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6517 </DOCNO>
Level Set Approach to Reversible Epitaxial Growth


  We generalize the level set approach to model epitaxial growth to include
thermal detachment of atoms from island edges. This means that islands do not
always grow and island dissociation can occur. We make no assumptions about a
critical nucleus. Excellent quantitative agreement is obtained with kinetic
Monte Carlo simulations for island densities and island size distributions in
the submonolayer regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149663 </DOCNO>
Dimers and the Critical Ising Model on Lattices of genus>1


  We study the partition function of both Close-Packed Dimers and the Critical
Ising Model on a square lattice embedded on a genus two surface. Using
numerical and analytical methods we show that the determinants of the Kasteleyn
adjacency matrices have a dependence on the boundary conditions that, for large
lattice size, can be expressed in terms of genus two theta functions. The
period matrix characterizing the continuum limit of the lattice is computed
using a discrete holomorphic structure. These results relate in a direct way
the lattice combinatorics with conformal field theory, providing new insight to
the lattice regularization of conformal field theories on higher genus Riemann
Surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179271 </DOCNO>
Spectator Response to the Participant Blast


  The interplay between spectator and participant matter in heavy-ion
collisions is investigated in the context of a microscopic transport model.
Transport simulations show that flow patterns for the participant matter are
strongly influenced by the presence of the nearby spectator matter. However,
the influence is mutual. During the explosion of the participant zone, the
spectator matter acquires a transverse momentum $<P^x /A>$ that shows
sensitivity to the nuclear incompressibility and to the momentum dependence of
the nuclear mean field (MF). An observed change in the net average momentum per
nucleon, $\Delta |< {\bf P}/A >|$, can be associated with the momentum
dependence of the MF. For a momentum-dependent MF and a low impact parameter in
a heavy system, the spectators may emerge faster than in the initial state,
accelerated by the violent participant explosion. The average excitation energy
and the mass of the spectators, in contrast to the momentum, show little
sensitivity to the nuclear equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98734 </DOCNO>
A geometric approach to Standard Monomial Theory


  We obtain a geometric construction of a ``standard monomial basis'' for the
homogeneous coordinate ring associated with any ample line bundle on any flag
variety. This basis is compatible with Schubert varieties, opposite Schubert
varieties, and unions of intersections of these varieties. Our approach relies
on vanishing theorems and a degeneration of the diagonal ; it also yields a
standard monomial basis for the multi-homogeneous coordinate rings of flag
varieties of classical type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 553 </DOCNO>
Collective Dynamics of One-Dimensional Charge Density Waves


  The effect of disorder on the static and dynamic behaviour of one-dimensional
charge density waves at low temperatures is studied by analytical and numerical
approaches. In the low temperature region the spatial behaviour of the
phase-phase correlation function is dominated by disorder but the roughness
exponent remains the same as in the pure case. Contrary to high dimensional
systems the dependence of the creep velocity on the electric field is described
by an analytic function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86645 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal radiation of rotating black holes


  Nonthermal radiation of a Kerr black hole is considered as tunneling of
created particles through an effective Dirac gap. In the leading semiclassical
approximation this approach is applicable to bosons as well. Our semiclassical
results for photons and gravitons do not contradict those obtained previously.
For neutrinos the result of our accurate quantum mechanical calculation is
about two times larger than the previous one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123751 </DOCNO>
CMB Constraints on a Baryonic Dark Matter-Dominated Universe


  In recent years, upper limits on the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
anisotropies combined with predictions made by theories of galaxy formation,
have been extremely powerful in ruling out purely baryonic dark matter (BDM)
universes. However, it has recently been argued that the absence of a prominent
second peak in the anisotropy spectrum measured by the BOOMERanG-98 and
MAXIMA-1 experiments seems to favour a $\Lambda$BDM model when combined with
standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) constraints. In this {\it Letter}, we
further investigate this result showing that, using the CMB data {\it alone}, a
purely baryonic adiabatic model of structure formation seems unlikely if the
universe is flat ($\Omega=1$). Combining the CMB data with supernova type Ia
(SNIa) data renders purely baryonic models inconsistent with flatness at high
significance and more than $3 \sigma$ away from both the BBN constraints and
the HST key project result $h=0.72 \pm 0.08$. These results indicate that only
a radical revision of cosmology with {\it ad hoc} properties could bring
baryonic models such as those advocated by MOND enthusiasts back into agreement
with current observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123489 </DOCNO>
Simulations of black hole-neutron star binary coalescence


  We show the results of dynamical simulations of the coalescence of black
hole-neutron star binaries. We use a Newtonian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
code, and include the effects of gravitational radiation back reaction with the
quadrupole approximation for point masses, and compute the gravitational
radiation waveforms. We assume a polytropic equation of state determines the
structure of the neutron star in equilibrium, and use an ideal gas law to
follow the dynamical evolution. Three main parameters are explored: (i) The
distribution of angular momentum in the system in the initial configuration,
namely tidally locked systems vs. irrotational binaries; (ii) The stiffness of
the equation of state through the value of the adiabatic index Gamma (ranging
from Gamma=5/3 to Gamma=3); (iii) The initial mass ratio q=M(NS)/M(BH). We find
that it is the value of Gamma that determines how the coalescence takes place,
with immediate and complete tidal disruption for Gamma less than 2, while the
core of the neutron star survives and stays in orbit around the black hole for
Gamma=3. This result is largely independent of the initial mass ratio and spin
configuration, and is reflected directly in the gravitational radiation signal.
For a wide range of mass ratios, massive accretion disks are formed
(M(disk)~0.2 solar masses), with baryon-free regions that could possibly give
rise to gamma ray bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86941 </DOCNO>
Critical gravitational collapse with angular momentum: from critical


  We investigate the threshold of gravitational collapse with angular momentum,
under the assumption that the critical solution is spherical and self-similar
and has two growing modes, namely one spherical mode and one axial dipole mode
(threefold degenerate). This assumption holds for perfect fluid matter with the
equation of state p=kappa rho if the constant kappa is in the range
0<kappa<1/9. There is a region in the space of initial data where the mass and
angular momentum of the black hole created in the collapse are given in terms
of the initial data by two universal critical exponents and two universal
functions of one argument. These expressions are similar to those for the
correlation length and the magnetization in a ferromagnet near its critical
point, as a function of the temperature and the external magnetic field. We
discuss qualitative features of the scaling functions, and hence of critical
collapse with high angular momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123925 </DOCNO>
Chemical evolution and depletion pattern in Damped Lyman-alpha (DLA)


  In this paper we point out a previously unnoticed anticorrelation between the
observed abundance ratio [X/Zn] (where Zn is assumed to be undepleted and X
stands for the refractories Fe, Cr and Ni) and metal column density
([Zn/H]+log(N{HI})) in DLAs. We suggest that this trend is an unambiguous sign
of dust depletion, since metal column density is a measure of the amount of
dust along the line of sight. Assuming that DLAs are (proto-)galactic disks and
using detailed chemical evolution models with metallicity dependent yields we
study chemical evolution and dust depletion patterns for alpha and iron-peak
elements in DLAs. When observational constraints on the metal column density of
DLAs are taken into account (as suggested in Boisse et al. 1998) we find that
our models reproduce fairly well the observed mild redshift evolution of the
abundances of 8 elements (Al, Si, S, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn and Ni) as well as the
observed scatter at a given redshift. By considering the aforementioned
dependence of abundance ratios on metal column density, we further explore the
general dust depletion pattern in DLAs, comparing to our model results and to a
solar reference pattern. We suggest that further measurements of the key
elements, i.e. Zn, S and Mn, will help to gain more insight into the nature of
DLAs. In any case, the presently uncertain nucleosynthesis of Zn in massive
stars (on which a large part of these conclusions is based) should be carefully
scrutinised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72714 </DOCNO>
Zero-dimensional field theory


  A study of zero-dimensional theories, based on exact results, is presented.
First, relying on a simple diagrammatic representation of the theory, equations
involving the generating function of all connected Green's functions are
constructed. Second, exact solutions of these equations are obtained for
several theories. Finally, renormalization is carried out. Based on the
anticipated knowledge of the exact solutionsthe full dependence on the
renormalized coupling constant is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76074 </DOCNO>
Associated t anti-t H production at a VLHC: measuring the top-quark


  Future hadron colliders will have the potential to measure some of the most
relevant Higgs boson couplings with high precision. In this paper we
investigate the potential of a Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC) to measure the
top-quark Yukawa coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87201 </DOCNO>
Null Energy Condition Violations in Eternal Inflation


  The usual scenario of ``eternal inflation'' involves an approximately de
Sitter spacetime undergoing upward fluctuations of the local expansion rate
$H$. This spacetime requires frequent violations of the Null Energy Condition
(NEC). We investigate the fluctuations of the energy-momentum tensor of the
scalar field in de Sitter space as a possible source of such violations. We
find that fluctuations of the energy-momentum tensor smeared in space and time
are well-defined and may provide the NEC violations. Our results for slow-roll
inflation are consistent with the standard calculations of inflationary density
fluctuations. In the diffusive regime where quantum fluctuations dominate the
slow-roll evolution, the magnitude of smeared energy-momentum tensor
fluctuations is large enough to create frequent NEC violations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7327 </DOCNO>
An Adiabatic Quantum Pump of Spin Polarized Current


  We propose a mechanism by which an open quantum dot driven by two ac (radio
frequency) gate voltages in the presence of a moderate in-plane magnetic field
generates a spin polarized, phase coherent dc current. The idea combines
adiabatic, non-quantized (but coherent) pumping through periodically modulated
external parameters and the strong fluctuations of the electron wave function
existent in chaotic cavities. We estimate that the spin polarization of the
current can be observed for temperatures and Zeeman splitting energies of the
order of the single-particle mean level spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126977 </DOCNO>
The Role of Tidal Interactions in Star Formation


  Nearly all of the initial angular momentum of the matter that goes into each
forming star must somehow be removed or redistributed during the formation
process. The possible transport mechanisms and the possible fates of the excess
angular momentum are discussed, and it is argued that transport processes in
disks are probably not sufficient by themselves to solve the angular momentum
problem, while tidal interactions with other stars in forming binary or
multiple systems are likely to be of very general importance in redistributing
angular momentum during the star formation process. Most, if not all, stars
probably form in binary or multiple systems, and tidal torques in these systems
can transfer much of the angular momentum from the gas around each forming star
to the orbital motions of the companion stars. Tidally generated waves in
circumstellar disks may contribute to the overall redistribution of angular
momentum. Stars may gain much of their mass by tidally triggered bursts of
rapid accretion, and these bursts could account for some of the most energetic
phenomena of the earliest stages of stellar evolution, such as jet-like
outflows. If tidal interactions are indeed of general importance,
planet-forming disks may often have a more chaotic and violent early evolution
than in standard models, and shock heating events may be common. Interactions
in a hierarchy of subgroups may play a role in building up massive stars in
clusters and in determining the form of the upper IMF. Many of the processes
discussed here have analogs on galactic scales, and there may be similarities
between the formation of massive stars by interaction-driven accretion
processes in clusters and the buildup of massive black holes in galactic
nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174801 </DOCNO>
The 16N Calibration Source for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory


  A calibration source using gamma-rays from 16N (t_1/2 = 7.13 s) beta-decay
has been developed for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) for the purpose
of energy and other calibrations. The 16N is produced via the (n,p) reaction on
16O in the form of CO2 gas using 14-MeV neutrons from a commercially available
Deuterium-Tritium (DT) generator. The 16N is produced in a shielding pit in a
utility room near the SNO cavity and transferred to the water volumes (D2O or
H2O) in a CO2 gas stream via small diameter capillary tubing. The bulk of the
activity decays in a decay/trigger chamber designed to block the energetic
beta-particles yet permit the primary branch 6.13 MeV gamma-rays to exit.
Detection of the coincident beta-particles with plastic scintillator lining the
walls of the decay chamber volume provides a tag for the SNO electronics. This
paper gives details of the production, transfer, and triggering systems for
this source along with a discussion of the source gamma-ray output and
performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98694 </DOCNO>
Conservation Laws in Cellular Automata


  If X is a discrete abelian group and B a finite set, then a cellular
automaton (CA) is a continuous map F:B^X-->B^X that commutes with all X-shifts.
If g is a real-valued function on B, then, for any b in B^X, we define G(b) to
be the sum over all x in X of g(b_x) (if finite). We say g is `conserved' by F
if G is constant under the action of F. We characterize such `conservation
laws' in several ways, deriving both theoretical consequences and practical
tests, and provide a method for constructing all one-dimensional CA exhibiting
a given conservation law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 966 </DOCNO>
Vortices in a trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensate


  We review the theory of vortices in trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
and compare theoretical predictions with existing experiments. Mean-field
theory based on the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation describes the main
features of the vortex states, and its predictions agree well with available
experimental results. We discuss various properties of a single vortex,
including its structure, energy, dynamics, normal modes and stability, as well
as vortex arrays. When the nonuniform condensate contains a vortex, the
excitation spectrum includes unstable (``anomalous'') mode(s) with negative
frequency. Trap rotation shifts the normal-mode frequencies and can stabilize
the vortex. We consider the effect of thermal quasiparticles on vortex normal
modes as well as possible mechanisms for vortex dissipation. Vortex states in
mixtures and spinor condensates are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87249 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Rossby-Haurwitz waves of a slowly and


  We show that, at first order in the angular velocity, the general
relativistic description of Rossby-Haurwitz waves (the analogues of r-waves on
a thin shell) can be obtained from the corresponding Newtonian one after a
coordinate transformation. As an application, we show that the results recently
obtained by Rezzolla and Yoshida (2001) in the analysis of Newtonian
Rossby-Haurwitz waves of a slowly and differentially rotating, fluid shell
apply also in General Relativity, at first order in the angular velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127598 </DOCNO>
Density Perturbations in the Ekpyrotic Scenario


  We study the generation of density perturbations in the ekpyrotic scenario
for the early universe, including gravitational backreaction. We expose
interesting subtleties that apply to both inflationary and ekpyrotic models.
Our analysis includes a detailed proposal of how the perturbations generated in
a contracting phase may be matched across a `bounce' to those in an expanding
hot big bang phase. For the physical conditions relevant to the ekpyrotic
scenario, we re-obtain our earlier result of a nearly scale-invariant spectrum
of energy density perturbations. We find that the perturbation amplitude is
typically small, as desired to match observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123469 </DOCNO>
MAPCUMBA : a fast iterative multi-grid map-making algorithm for CMB


  The data analysis of current Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments
like BOOMERanG or MAXIMA poses severe challenges which already stretch the
limits of current (super-) computer capabilities, if brute force methods are
used. In this paper we present a practical solution to the optimal map making
problem which can be used directly for next generation CMB experiments like
ARCHEOPS and TopHat, and can probably be extended relatively easily to the full
PLANCK case. This solution is based on an iterative multi-grid Jacobi algorithm
which is both fast and memory sparing. Indeed, if there are N_tod data points
along the one dimensional timeline to analyse, the number of operations is
O(N_tod ln N_tod) and the memory requirement is O(N_tod). Timing and accuracy
issues have been analysed on simulated ARCHEOPS and TopHat data, and we discuss
as well the issue of the joint evaluation of the signal and noise statistical
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86039 </DOCNO>
How strings solve the apparent contradiction between black holes and


  Computations in the calculable small coupling regime of string theories and
the general consensus that no new physics has to be invoked in continuing to
the large coupling (black hole) regime, suggest the following picture. Quantum
states are not black holes even if energy distributions would suggest so. Black
holes appear as macrostates, i.e. with the same procedure that blures the
quantum coherence of microstates. It is also discussed how a spacetime
description - and thus geometry, causal properties and event horizons - may
stem from decoherence in the pregeometric approach represented by string
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86378 </DOCNO>
Geometric construction of new Yang-Mills instantons over Taub-NUT space


  In this paper we exhibit a one-parameter family of new Taub-NUT instantons
parameterized by a half-line. The endpoint of the half-line will be the
reducible Yang-Mills instanton corresponding to the Eguchi-Hanson-Gibbons L^2
harmonic 2-form, while at an inner point we recover the Pope-Yuille instanton
constructed as a projection of the Levi-Civita connection onto the positive
su(2) subalgebra of the Lie algebra so(4).
  Our method imitates the Jackiw-Nohl-Rebbi construction originally designed
for flat R^4. That is we find a one-parameter family of harmonic functions on
the Taub-NUT space with a point singularity, rescale the metric and project the
obtained Levi-Civita connection onto the other negative su(2) subalgebra of
so(4). Our solutions will possess the full U(2) symmetry, and thus provide more
solutions to the recently proposed U(2) symmetric ansatz of Kim and Yoon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86265 </DOCNO>
On uniqueness of static Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton black holes


  We prove uniqueness of static, asymptotically flat spacetimes with
non-degenerate black holes for three special cases of Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton
theory: For the coupling ``$\alpha = 1$'' (which is the low energy limit of
string theory) on the one hand, and for vanishing magnetic or vanishing
electric field (but arbitrary coupling) on the other hand. Our work generalizes
in a natural, but non-trivial way the uniqueness result obtained by
Masood-ul-Alam who requires both $\alpha = 1$ and absence of magnetic fields,
as well as relations between the mass and the charges. Moreover, we simplify
Masood-ul-Alam's proof as we do not require any non-trivial extensions of
Witten's positive mass theorem. We also obtain partial results on the
uniqueness problem for general harmonic maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150249 </DOCNO>
Non-local string theories on AdS_3 times S^3 and stable


  We exhibit a simple class of exactly marginal "double-trace" deformations of
two dimensional CFTs which have AdS_3 duals, in which the deformation is given
by a product of left and right-moving U(1) currents. In this special case the
deformation on AdS_3 is generated by a local boundary term in three dimensions,
which changes the physics also in the bulk via bulk-boundary propagators.
However, the deformation is non-local in six dimensions and on the string
worldsheet, like generic non-local string theories (NLSTs). Due to the
simplicity of the deformation we can explicitly make computations in the
non-local string theory and compare them to CFT computations, and we obtain
precise agreement. We discuss the effect of the deformation on closed strings
and on D-branes. The examples we analyze include a supersymmetry-breaking but
exactly marginal "double-trace" deformation, which is dual to a string theory
in which no destabilizing tadpoles are generated for moduli nonperturbatively
in all couplings, despite the absence of supersymmetry. We explain how this
cancellation works on the gravity side in string perturbation theory, and also
non-perturbatively at leading order in the deformation parameter. We also
discuss possible flat space limits of our construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4945 </DOCNO>
Magnetic polarons in Ca_(1-x)Y_xMnO_3


  Experimental evidence show that in the magnetoresistive manganite Ca_(1-x)
Y_xMnO_3, ferromagnetic (FM) polarons arises in an antiferromagnetic (AF)
background, as a result of the doping with Yttrium. This hypothesis is
supported in this work by classical Monte Carlo (MC) calculations performed on
a model where FM Double Exchange (DE) and AF Superexhange (SE) compite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5097 </DOCNO>
Theory of high-T_c superconductivity based on the fermion-condensation


  A theory of high temperature superconductivity based on the combination of
the fermion-condensation quantum phase transition and the conventional theory
of superconductivity is presented. This theory describes maximum values of the
superconducting gap which can be as big as $\Delta_1\sim 0.1\epsilon_F$, with
$\epsilon_F$ being the Fermi level. We show that the critical temperature
$2T_c\simeq\Delta_1$. If there exists the pseudogap above $T_c$ then
$2T^*\simeq\Delta_1$, and $T^*$ is the temperature at which the pseudogap
vanishes. A discontinuity in the specific heat at $T_c$ is calculated. The
transition from conventional superconductors to high-$T_c$ ones as a function
of the doping level is investigated. The single-particle excitations and their
lineshape are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169278 </DOCNO>
On Quantum Control via Encoded Dynamical Decoupling


  I revisit the ideas underlying dynamical decoupling methods within the
framework of quantum information processing, and examine their potential for
direct implementations in terms of encoded rather than physical degrees of
freedom. The usefulness of encoded decoupling schemes as a tool for engineering
both closed- and open-system encoded evolutions is investigated based on simple
examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6403 </DOCNO>
Charge pairing and superconductivity in high-Tc cuprate superconductors


  We propose a model for high-Tc superconductors that includes both the spin
fluctuations of the Cu++ magnetic ions and of the spins of O-- doped holes
(spinons). The charge of the dopants (holons) is associated to quantum skyrmion
excitations of the Cu++ spin background. The quantum skyrmion effective
interaction potential is evaluated as a function of doping and temperature,
indicating that Cooper pair formation is determined by the competition between
these two types of spin fluctuations. The superconducting transition occurs
when the effective potential allows for skyrmion bound states. Our theoretical
predictions for the superconducting phase diagram of LSCO and YBCO are in good
agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148386 </DOCNO>
Multiple reflection expansion and heat kernel coefficients


  We propose the multiple reflection expansion as a tool for the calculation of
heat kernel coefficients. As an example, we give the coefficients for a sphere
as a finite sum over reflections, obtaining as a byproduct a relation between
the coefficients for Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. Further, we
calculate the heat kernel coefficients for the most general matching conditions
on the surface of a sphere, including those cases corresponding to the presence
of delta and delta prime background potentials. In the latter case, the
multiple reflection expansion is shown to be non-convergent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76675 </DOCNO>
New analytic running coupling in QCD: higher loop levels


  The properties of the new analytic running coupling are investigated at the
higher loop levels. The expression for this invariant charge, independent of
the normalization point, is obtained by invoking the asymptotic freedom
condition. It is shown that at any loop level the relevant $\beta$ function has
the universal behaviors at small and large values of the invariant charge. Due
to this feature the new analytic running coupling possesses the universal
asymptotics both in the ultraviolet and infrared regions irrespective of the
loop level. The consistency of the model considered with the general definition
of the QCD invariant charge is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126566 </DOCNO>
Observing the CMB with the AMiBA


  I discuss the capabilities and limitations of the AMiBA for imaging CMB
anisotropies. Michael Kesteven (ATNF-CSIRO) has proposed drift-scanning as an
observing strategy for measuring and rejecting any instrumental response that
the close-packed interferometers may have to the local environment. The
advantages of mosaic imaging CMB anisotropies using a co-mounted
interferometric array in a drift-scanning observing mode are discussed. A
particular case of mosaic imaging a sky strip using a two-element AMiBA
prototype interferometer is considered and the signal-to-noise ratio in the
measurement of sky anisotropy using this observing strategy is analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86970 </DOCNO>
Universal regular short distance behavior from an interaction with a


  We assume that the fourdimensional quantum gravity is scale invariant at
short distances. We show through a simple scaling argument that correlation
functions of quantum fields interacting with gravity have a universal (more
regular) short distance behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86942 </DOCNO>
Positivity and conservation of superenergy tensors


  Two essential properties of energy-momentum tensors T_{\mu\nu} are their
positivity and conservation. This is mathematically formalized by,
respectively, an energy condition, as the dominant energy condition, and the
vanishing of their divergence \nabla^\mu T_{\mu\nu}=0. The classical Bel and
Bel-Robinson superenergy tensors, generated from the Riemann and Weyl tensors,
respectively, are rank-4 tensors. But they share these two properties with
energy momentum tensors: the Dominant Property (DP) and the divergence-free
property in the absence of sources (vacuum). Senovilla defined a universal
algebraic construction which generates a basic superenergy tensor T{A} from any
arbitrary tensor A. In this construction the seed tensor A is structured as an
r-fold multivector, which can always be done. The most important feature of the
basic superenergy tensors is that they satisfy automatically the DP,
independently of the generating tensor A. In a previous paper we presented a
more compact definition of T{A} using the r-fold Clifford algebra. This form
for the superenergy tensors allowed to obtain an easy proof of the DP valid for
any dimension. In this paper we include this proof. We explain which new
elements appear when we consider the tensor T{A} generated by a
non-degree-defined r-fold multivector A and how orthogonal Lorentz
transformations and bilinear observables of spinor fields are included as
particular cases of superenergy tensors. We find some sufficient conditions for
the seed tensor A, which guarantee that the generated tensor T{A} is
divergence-free. These sufficient conditions are satisfied by some physical
fields, which are presented as examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1623 </DOCNO>
Surface induced ordering in thin film diblock copolymers: tilted


  We investigate the effect of chemically patterned surfaces on the morphology
of diblock copolymers below the order-disorder transition. Profiles for
lamellar phases in contact with one surface, or confined between two surfaces
are obtained in the weak segregation limit using a Ginzburg-Landau expansion of
the free energy, and treating it with mean-field theory. The periodically
patterned surface induces a tilt of the lamellae in order to match the surface
periodicity. The lamellae relax from the constrained periodicity close to the
surface to the bulk periodicity far from it. The phases we investigate are a
generalization to the mixed (perpendicular and parallel to the surface)
lamellar phases occurring when the two surfaces are homogeneous. A special case
when the surface pattern has a period equal to the bulk lamellar period showing
``T-junction'' morphology is examined. Our analytic calculation agrees with
previous computer simulations and self consistent field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1882 </DOCNO>
Effect of Carbon-Doping in Bulk Superconducting MgB2 Samples


  Bulk superconducting samples of MgB2 were prepared by solid state reaction of
stoichiometric quantities of Mg turnings and B in a sealed Ta cylinder at 890 C
for 2 hours. The as-synthesized MgB2 samples had a Tc of 39 K, as defined as
the onset of diamagnetism. The crystal symmetry was found to be hexagonal with
lattice parameters, a=3.0856 A, and c=3.5199 A, similar to the literature
values. To study the effect of carbon doping in MgB2, various C-containing
samples of x varying from 0 to 1.00 in MgB2-xCx were prepared. Magnetic
characterizations indicate that the Tc onset is same for pure and C-doped
samples for x = 0.05, and 0.10. However, the shielding signal decreased
monotonically with C content, apparently due to the presence of carbon on the
grain boundaries that isolates grains and prevents flow of supercurrents on the
perimeter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3331 </DOCNO>
The generalized contact process with n absorbing states


  We investigate the critical properties of a one dimensional stochastic
lattice model with n (permutation symmetric) absorbing states. We analyze the
cases with $n \leq 4$ by means of the non-hermitian density matrix
renormalization group. For n=1 and n=2 we find that the model is respectively
in the directed percolation and parity conserving universality class,
consistent with previous studies. For n=3 and n=4, the model is in the active
phase in the whole parameter space and the critical point is shifted to the
limit of one infinite reaction rate. We show that in this limit the dynamics of
the model can be mapped onto that of a zero temperature n-state Potts model. On
the basis of our numerical and analytical results we conjecture that the model
is in the same universality class for all $n \geq 3$ with exponents $z =
\nu_\|/\nu_\perp = 2$, $\nu_\perp = 1$ and $\beta = 1$. These exponents
coincide with those of the multispecies (bosonic) branching annihilating random
walks. For n=3 we also show that, upon breaking the symmetry to a lower one
($Z_2$), one gets a transition either in the directed percolation, or in the
parity conserving class, depending on the choice of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76511 </DOCNO>
See-Saw Modification of Gravity


  We discuss a model in which the fundamental scale of gravity is restricted to
10^{-3} eV. An observable modification of gravity occurs simultaneously at the
Hubble distance and at around 0.1 mm. These predictions can be tested both by
the table-top experiments and by cosmological measurements. The model is
formulated as a brane-world theory embedded in a space with two or more
infinite-volume extra dimensions. Gravity on the brane reproduces the
four-dimensional laws at observable distances but turns to the high-dimensional
behavior at larger scales. To determine the crossover distance we smooth out
the singularities in the Green's functions by taking into account softening of
the graviton propagator due to the high-dimensional operators that are
suppressed by the fundamental scale. We find that irrespective of the precise
nature of microscopic gravity the ultraviolet and infrared scales of
gravity-modification are rigidly correlated. This fixes the fundamental scale
of gravity at 10^{-3} eV. The result persists for nonzero thickness branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1636 </DOCNO>
Area-Constrained Planar Elastica


  We determine the equilibria of a rigid loop in the plane, subject to the
constraints of fixed length and fixed enclosed area. Rigidity is characterized
by an energy functional quadratic in the curvature of the loop. We find that
the area constraint gives rise to equilibria with remarkable geometrical
properties: not only can the Euler-Lagrange equation be integrated to provide a
quadrature for the curvature but, in addition, the embedding itself can be
expressed as a local function of the curvature. The configuration space is
shown to be essentially one-dimensional, with surprisingly rich structure.
Distinct branches of integer-indexed equilibria exhibit self-intersections and
bifurcations -- a gallery of plots is provided to highlight these findings.
Perturbations connecting equilibria are shown to satisfy a first order ODE
which is readily solved. We also obtain analytical expressions for the energy
as a function of the area in some limiting regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85747 </DOCNO>
Non-Commutative Topology for Curved Quantum Causality


  A quantum causal topology is presented. This is modeled after a
non-commutative scheme type of theory for the curved finitary spacetime sheaves
of the non-abelian incidence Rota algebras that represent `gravitational
quantum causal sets'. The finitary spacetime primitive algebra scheme
structures for quantum causal sets proposed here are interpreted as the
kinematics of a curved and reticular local quantum causality. Dynamics for
quantum causal sets is then represented by appropriate scheme morphisms, thus
it has a purely categorical description that is manifestly `gauge-independent'.
Hence, a schematic version of the Principle of General Covariance of General
Relativity is formulated for the dynamically variable quantum causal sets. We
compare our non-commutative scheme-theoretic curved quantum causal topology
with some recent $C^{*}$-quantale models for non-abelian generalizations of
classical commutative topological spaces or locales, as well as with some
relevant recent results obtained from applying sheaf and topos-theoretic ideas
to quantum logic proper. Motivated by the latter, we organize our finitary
spacetime primitive algebra schemes of curved quantum causal sets into a
topos-like structure, coined `quantum topos', and argue that it is a sound
model of a structure that Selesnick has anticipated to underlie Finkelstein's
reticular and curved quantum causal net. At the end we conjecture that the
fundamental quantum time-asymmetry that Penrose has expected to be the main
characteristic of the elusive `true quantum gravity' is possibly of a
kinematical or structural rather than of a dynamical character, and we also
discuss the possibility of a unified description of quantum logic and quantum
gravity in quantum topos-theoretic terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40890 </DOCNO>
Update of the search for charginos nearly mass-degenerate with the


  The data collected by DELPHI in 1998 at the centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV
have been used to update the search for charginos nearly mass-degenerate with
the lightest supersymmetric particle, which is assumed to be the lightest
neutralino. Mass differences below \Delta M = 3 GeV/c^2 are considered. No
excess of events with respect to the Standard Model expectation has been
observed, and exclusions in the plane of \Delta M versus chargino mass are
given. The new \Delta M independent lower limit on the mass of the chargino is
62.4 GeV/c^2 in the higgsino scenario (which includes the gaugino mass
unification scenario), if all sfermions are heavier than the lightest chargino.
In the approximation of large sfermion masses the limit is 59.8 GeV/c^2,
independently of the field content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5602 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic fluctuation forces


  Two interaction mechanisms of particles in a fluid are proposed on base of
forces, mediated by hydrodynamic thermal fluctuations. The first one is similar
to the conventional van der Waals interaction, but instead of been mediated by
electromagnetic fluctuations, it is mediated by fluctuations of hydrodynamic
sound waves. The second one is due to a thermal drift of particles to the
region with a bigger effective mass, which is formed by the involved
surrounding fluid and depends on an inter-particle distance. The both
mechanisms likely can be relevant in interpretation of the observed long-range
attraction of colloidal particles, since a set different experiments shows the
attraction energy of the order of kT and, perhaps, only a fluctuation mechanism
of attarction provides this universality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124006 </DOCNO>
The Pearson-Readhead Survey of Compact Extragalactic Radio Sources From


  We present images from a space-VLBI survey using the facilities of the VLBI
Space Observatory Programme (VSOP), drawing our sample from the well-studied
Pearson-Readhead survey of extragalactic radio sources. Our survey has taken
advantage of long space-VLBI baselines and large arrays of ground antennas,
such as the Very Long Baseline Array and European VLBI Network, to obtain high
resolution images of 27 active galactic nuclei, and to measure the core
brightness temperatures of these sources more accurately than is possible from
the ground. A detailed analysis of the source properties is given in
accompanying papers. We have also performed an extensive series of simulations
to investigate the errors in VSOP images caused by the relatively large holes
in the (u,v) plane when sources are observed near the orbit normal direction.
We find that while the nominal dynamic range (defined as the ratio of map peak
to off-source error) often exceeds 1000:1, the true dynamic range (map peak to
on-source error) is only about 30:1 for relatively complex core-jet sources.
For sources dominated by a strong point source, this value rises to
approximately 100:1. We find the true dynamic range to be a relatively weak
function of the difference in position angle (PA) between the jet PA and (u,v)
coverage major axis PA. For low signal-to-noise regions typically located down
the jet away from the core, large errors can occur, causing spurious features
in VSOP images that should be interpreted with caution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96741 </DOCNO>
Algebras generated by reciprocals of linear forms


  Let $\Delta$ be a finite set of nonzero linear forms in several variables
with coefficients in a field $\mathbf K$ of characteristic zero. Consider the
$\mathbf K$-algebra $C(\Delta)$ of rational functions generated by $\{1/\alpha
\mid \alpha \in \Delta \}$. Then the ring $\partial(V)$ of differential
operators with constant coefficients naturally acts on $C(\Delta)$. We study
the graded $\partial(V)$-module structure of $C(\Delta)$. We especially find
standard systems of minimal generators and a combinatorial formula for the
Poincar\'e series of $C(\Delta)$. Our proofs are based on a theorem by
Brion-Vergne [brv1] and results by Orlik-Terao [ort2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127841 </DOCNO>
Mid-IR and CO Observations of the IR/X-Ray Luminous Seyfert I Galaxy


  We describe ISO and BIMA observations of the z=0.04 Seyfert 1 ring galaxy
NGC985 which suggest close parallels with some quasar host galaxies. NGC985
contains two closely spaced nuclei embedded in an R$^{1/4}$--law stellar bulge
and an outer ring, evidence of an ongoing merger. The system contains
\~1.8x10^{10}Msolar of highly disturbed molecular gas which lies in an
asymmetric bar-like structure with the peak in observed CO column densities
significantly offset from the compact double nucleus. In contrast to this, the
ISO observations show strong dust emission centered on the AGN, located in one
of the two nuclei. Fainter CO, MIR, and radio continuum emission provide a
glimpse of the complexities of star formation in the outer ring. An analysis of
the kinematics of the main CO emission reveal evidence for two dynamically
distinct molecular components within NGC985. The first is a set of isolated
super-giant molecular clouds (SGMCs) which are concentrated within 9-10kpc of
the active nucleus. Although randomly distributed about the center, the clouds
may form part of a clumpy highly-disturbed disk which may be either just
forming around double-nucleus (the making of a ULIRG), or alternatively may be
in the process of being disrupted-perhaps as a result of a powerful nuclear
outflow (the breaking of a ULIRG). A second major concentration of CO lies
offset from the double-nucleus in a dynamically coherent ridge of emission in
which powerful star formation is occurring. We tentatively associate CO
emission with two out of six UV absorption-lines seen in the blue wing of the
very broad Lyman alpha emission. Such an association would imply a complex
inter-relationship between the nuclear CO cloud population in colliding
systems, and AGN-driven winds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179507 </DOCNO>
Recent results on the nonmesonic weak decay of hypernuclei within a


  We update our previous results for the nonmesonic decay of $^{12}_\Lambda$C
and $^5_\Lambda$He. We pay special attention to the role played by Final State
Intreractions on the decay observables. We follow a One-Meson-Exchange model
which includes the exchange of the $\pi, \rho, K, K^*, \eta$ and $\omega$
mesons. We also present recent predictions for different observables concerning
the decay of the doubly strange $^6_{\Lambda \Lambda}$He hypernucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77008 </DOCNO>
Possibility of extracting the weak phase $\gamma$ from $\Lambda_b \to


  We explore the possibility of extracting the weak phase $\gamma$ from pure
tree decays $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda (D^0, \bar{D^0}, D^0_{CP})$ in a model
independent way. The CP violating weak phase $\gamma$ can be determined
cleanly, without any hadronic uncertainties, as these decay modes are free from
the penguin pollutions. Furthermore, neither tagging nor time dependent studies
are required to extract the angle $\gamma $ with these modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83940 </DOCNO>
Part-of-Speech Tagging with Two Sequential Transducers


  We present a method of constructing and using a cascade consisting of a left-
and a right-sequential finite-state transducer (FST), T1 and T2, for
part-of-speech (POS) disambiguation. Compared to an HMM, this FST cascade has
the advantage of significantly higher processing speed, but at the cost of
slightly lower accuracy. Applications such as Information Retrieval, where the
speed can be more important than accuracy, could benefit from this approach.
  In the process of tagging, we first assign every word a unique ambiguity
class c_i that can be looked up in a lexicon encoded by a sequential FST. Every
c_i is denoted by a single symbol, e.g. [ADJ_NOUN], although it represents a
set of alternative tags that a given word can occur with. The sequence of the
c_i of all words of one sentence is the input to our FST cascade. It is mapped
by T1, from left to right, to a sequence of reduced ambiguity classes r_i.
Every r_i is denoted by a single symbol, although it represents a set of
alternative tags. Intuitively, T1 eliminates the less likely tags from c_i,
thus creating r_i. Finally, T2 maps the sequence of r_i, from right to left, to
a sequence of single POS tags t_i. Intuitively, T2 selects the most likely t_i
from every r_i.
  The probabilities of all t_i, r_i, and c_i are used only at compile time, not
at run time. They do not (directly) occur in the FSTs, but are "implicitly
contained" in their structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41279 </DOCNO>
Proton Stability in Six Dimensions


  We show that Lorentz and gauge invariance explain the long proton lifetime
within the standard model in six dimensions. The baryon-number violating
operators have mass dimension 15 or higher. Upon TeV-scale compactification of
the two universal extra dimensions on a square $T^2/Z_2$ orbifold, a discrete
subgroup of the 6-dimensional Lorentz group continues to forbid dangerous
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179125 </DOCNO>
A model-independent study of the QCD sum rule for the $\pi NN$ coupling


  We reinvestigate the QCD sum rule for the $\pi NN$ coupling constant, $g$,
starting from the vacuum-to-pion matrix element of the correlation function of
the interpolating fields of two nucleons. We study in detail the physical
content of the correlation function without referring to the effective theory.
First, we consider the invariant correlation functions by splitting the
correlation function into different Dirac structures. We show that the
coefficients of the double-pole terms are proportional to $g$ but that the
coefficients of the single-pole terms are not determined by $g$. In the
soft-pion limit the single-pole terms as well as the continuum terms give rise
to divergence in the dispersion integral. Therefore, naive QCD sum rules
obtained from the invariant correlation functions are not well defined. A
possible procedure to avoid this difficulty is discussed. Secondly, we consider
the projected correlation function by taking the matrix element of the
correlation function with respect to the nucleon spinors. In the soft-pion
limit the double-pole term survives but neither the single-pole term nor the
continuum term causes divergence in the dispersion integral. Then, we construct
a QCD sum rule for the $\pi NN$ coupling constant from the projected
correlation function without taking the soft-pion limit. We calculate the
Wilson coefficients of the OPE and obtain the Borel sum rule up to
$O(\MB^{-4})$ and $O(m_\pi)$ where $\MB$ and $m_\pi$ are the Borel mass and the
pion mass, respectively. The new sum rule is expected to incorporate $O(m_\pi)$
corrections. The numerical result is in reasonable agreement with the empirical
value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1404 </DOCNO>
Sharp resonant multiplet in femto-second optical pair-breaking


  Femto-second optical pair breaking spectroscopy is performed on optimally
doped YBa2Cu3O7-delta near 1.5eV. Dramatic photon energy dependence with a
sharp triplet fine structure is seen for the first time. The peak separations
are attributable to the reported phonon and magnetic excitations in the system.
The power dependence is non-linear with differing exponents for the three
contributions. These results imply the presence of insulating antiferromagnetic
domains in the superconducting state of YBCO over sub-picosecond time scale,
and thereby favor an electronic phase separation picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97263 </DOCNO>
Elliptic subfields and automorphisms of genus 2 function fields


  We study genus 2 function fields with elliptic subfields of degree 2. The
locus $\L_2$ of these fields is a 2-dimensional subvariety of the moduli space
$\mathcal M_2$ of genus 2 fields. An equation for $\L_2$ is already in the work
of Clebsch and Bolza. We use a birational parameterization of $\L_2$ by affine
2-space to study the relation between the j-invariants of the degree 2 elliptic
subfields. This extends work of Geyer, Gaudry, Stichtenoth and others. We find
a 1-dimensional family of genus 2 curves having exactly two isomorphic elliptic
subfields of degree 2; this family is parameterized by the j-invariant of these
subfields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97492 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills fields as optical media


  A geometrization of the Yang-Mills field, by which an SU(2) gauge theory
becomes equivalent to a 3-space geometry - or optical system - is examined.
In a first step, ambient space remains Euclidean and current problems on flat
space can be looked at from a new point of view. The Wu-Yang ambiguity, for
example, appears related to the multiple possible torsions of distinct
metric-preserving connections. In a second step, also the ambient space
becomes curved. In general, the strictly Riemannian, metric sector plays the
role of an arbitrary host space, with the gauge field represented by a
contorsion. For some field configurations, however, it is possible to obtain a
purely metric representation. In those cases, if the space is symmetric
homogeneous the Christoffel connections are automatically solutions of the
Yang-Mills equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126890 </DOCNO>
Spectral Indices of Stars at Super-solar Regime


  We derived Lick narrow-band indices for 139 candidate super metal-rich stars
of different luminosity class previously studied in Malagnini et al. (2000).
Indices include Iron Fe50, Fe52, Fe53, and Magnesium Mgb and Mg2 features. By
comparing observations with Kurucz' synthetic model atmospheres, no evidence is
found for non-standard Mg vs. Fe relative abundance (i.e. [Mg/Fe]~ 0, on the
average, for our sample). A comparison with the Worthey et al.(1994) and
Buzzoni et al.(1992, 1994) fitting function predictions for [Fe/H] > 0 is
performed and briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73210 </DOCNO>
Signatures of Non-commutative QED at Photon Colliders


  In this paper we study non-commutative (NC) QED signatures at photon
colliders through pair production of charged leptons $(\ell^+ \ell^-)$ and
charged scalars $(H^+ H^-)$. The NC corrections for the fermion pair production
can be easily obtained since NC QED with fermions has been extensively studied
in the literature. NC QED with scalars is less studied. To obtain the cross
section for $H^+H^-$ productions, we first investigate the structure of NC QED
with scalars, and then study the corrections due to the NC geometry to the
ordinary QED cross sections. Finally by folding in the photon spectra for a
$\gamma \gamma$ collider with laser back-scattered photons from the $e^+ e^-$
machine, we obtain 95% CL lower bound on the NC scale using the above two
processes. We find that, with $\sqrt{s} = 0.5, 1.0$, and $ 1.5$ TeV and
integrated luminosity $L = 500(fb^{-1})$, the NC scale up to 0.7, 1.2, and 1.6
TeV can be probed, respectively, while, for monochromatic photon beams, these
numbers become 1.1, 1.7, 2.6 TeV, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7392 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of single particle excitations in a S=1 chain:


  Exact diagonalization calculations of finite antiferromagnetic spin-1
Heisenberg chains at finite temperatures are presented and compared to a recent
inelastic neutron scattering experiment for temperatures T up to 7.5 times the
intrachain exchange constant J. The calculations show that the excitations at
the antiferromagnetic point q=1 and at q=0.5 remain resonant up to at least
T=2J, confirming the recent experimental observation of resonant
high-temperature domain wall excitations. The predicted first and second
moments are in good agreement with experiment, except at temperatures where
three-dimensional spin correlations are most important. The ratio of the
structure factors at q=1 and at q=0.5 is well predicted for the paramagnetic
infinite-temperature limit. For T=2J, however, we found that the experimentally
observed intensity is considerably less than predicted. This suggests that
domain wall excitations on different chains interact up to temperatures of the
order of the spin band width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1258 </DOCNO>
Quantum percolation in power-law diluted chains


  We investigate the quantum percolation problem in a diluted chain with
long-range hopping amplitudes. Each bond is activated with probability $p(r) =
p_1/r^{\alpha}$, where $r$ is the distance between two sites and $\alpha$
characterizes the range of the interactions. The average participation ratio of
all eigenstates is used as a measure of the wave-functions localization length.
We found that, above a quantum percolation threshold $p_1^{(q)}$, true extended
states appears for $\alpha < 1.5$. In the regime of $1.5 < \alpha <2.0$ there
is no trully extended states even in the presence of a spanning cluster.
Instead, a phase of critical wave-functions sets up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75832 </DOCNO>
The analytic continuation of the high-energy parton-parton scattering


  The high-energy parton-parton scattering amplitude can be described, in the
c.m.s., by the expectation value of two infinite Wilson lines, running along
the classical trajectories of the two colliding particles. The above
description suffers from IR divergences (typical of 3 + 1 dimensional gauge
theories), which can be regularized by considering finite Wilson lines,
extending in proper time from -T to T (and eventually sending T to infinity).
Generalizing the results of a previous paper, we give here the general proof
that the expectation value of two IR-regularized Wilson lines, forming a
certain hyperbolic angle in Minkowski space-time, and the expectation value of
two IR-regularized Euclidean Wilson lines, forming a certain angle in Euclidean
four-space, are connected by an analytic continuation in the angular variables
and in the IR cutoff T. This result can be used to evaluate the IR-regularized
high-energy scattering amplitude directly in the Euclidean theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3314 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Theory for a Perturbed KdV Equation


  We show that renormalization group(RG) theory can be used to give an analytic
description of the evolution of a perturbed KdV equation. The equations
describing the deformation of its shape as the effect of perturbation are RG
equations. The RG approach may be simpler than inverse scattering theory(IST)
and another approaches, because it dose not rely on any knowledge of IST and it
is very concise and easy to understand. To the best of our knowledge, this is
the first time that RG has been used in this way for the perturbed soliton
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74652 </DOCNO>
New Cosmological and Experimental Constraints on the CMSSM


  We analyze the implications of several recent cosmological and experimental
measurements for the mass spectra of the Constrained MSSM (CMSSM). We compute
the relic abundance of the neutralino and compare the new cosmologically
expected and excluded mass ranges with those ruled out by the final LEP bounds
on the lightest chargino and Higgs masses, with those excluded by current
experimental values of $\br(B\to X_s \gamma)$, and with those favored by the
recent measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. We find that
for $tan\beta\lsim 45$ there remains relatively little room for the mass
spectra to be consistent with the interplay of the several constraints. On the
other hand, at larger values of $tan\beta\$ the decreasing mass of the
pseudoscalar Higgs gives rise to a wide resonance in the neutralino WIMP
pair-annihilation, whose position depends on the ratio of top and bottom quark
masses. As a consequence, the cosmologically expected regions consistent with
other constraints often grow significantly and generally shift towards
superpartner masses in the $\tev$ range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1271 </DOCNO>
Crossover from marginal Fermi liquid to Luttinger liquid behavior in


  We study graphene-based electron systems with long-range Coulomb interaction
by performing an analytic continuation in the number of dimensions. We
characterize in this way the crossover between the marginal Fermi liquid
behavior of a graphite layer and the Luttinger liquid behavior at $D = 1$. The
former persists for any dimension above $D = 1$. However, the proximity to the
$D = 1$ fixed-point strongly influences the phenomenology of
quasi-onedimensional systems, giving rise to an effective power-law behavior of
observables like the density of states. This applies to nanotubes of large
radius, for which we predict a lower bound of the corresponding exponent that
turns out to be very close to the value measured in multi-walled nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124311 </DOCNO>
Are there any Young Galaxies in our local universe?


  We find no evidence for the presence of genuinely young galaxies in our Local
universe. We argue that the metal deficiencies and the behavior of the N/O and
C/O ratios meet several plausible explanations involving the primary and
secondary nature of these elements and their dispersion and mixing by massive
stars and intermediate mass stars. Colors are to be analysed using surface
photometry and comparing several model scenario since an instant burst model
unavoidably provides a lower limit to the age. Ultimately colour-magnitude
diagram techniques will be the only direct test to be performed at least on a
small number local starburst galaxies. Our present analysis provides important
warning for assessing the true age of distant galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127376 </DOCNO>
The effects of dust in simple environments: Large Magellanic Cloud HII


  We investigate the effects of dust on Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) HII region
spectral energy distributions using arcminute-resolution far-ultraviolet (FUV),
H-alpha, far-infrared (FIR), and radio images. Widely-used indicators of the
amount of light lost to dust (attenuation) at H-alpha and in the FUV correlate
with each other, although often with substantial scatter. There are two
interesting systematic discrepancies. First, H-alpha attenuations estimated
from the Balmer decrement are lower than those estimated from the
H-alpha-to-thermal radio luminosity ratio. Our data, at this stage, cannot
unambiguously identify the source of this discrepancy. Second, the attenuation
at 1500 angstroms and UV spectral slope, beta, correlate, although the slope
and scatter are substantially different from the correlation first derived for
starbursting galaxies by Calzetti et al. Combining our result with those of
Meurer et al. for ultra-luminous infrared galaxies and Calzetti et al. for
starbursting galaxies, we conclude that no single relation between beta and
1500 angstrom attenuation is applicable to all star-forming systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168730 </DOCNO>
Concurrence in arbitrary dimensions


  We argue that a complete characterisation of quantum correlations in
bipartite systems of many dimensions may require a quantity which, even for
pure states, does not reduce to a single number. Subsequently, we introduce
multi-dimensional generalizations of concurrence and find evidence that they
may provide useful tools for the analysis of quantum correlations in mixed
bipartite states. We also introudce {\it biconcurrence} that leads to a
necessary and sufficient condition for separability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7584 </DOCNO>
Zone Edge Softening and Relaxation in the Double Exchange Model


  The $J\to \infty$ double exchange model is formulated in terms of three
auxiliary particles. A slow true bosonic magnon propagates by admixture with a
fast fermionic pseudo-magnon. This process involves the absorption of a
conduction electron which, for this half-metal, carries only charge degrees of
freedom. The magnon dispersion becomes much weaker and the relaxation rate
increases rapidly upon approaching the zone boundary. That the magnons relax
for all wave vector values implies the existence of a low energy spin
continuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168344 </DOCNO>
The Structure of the Multiverse


  The structure of the multiverse is determined by information flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2511 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy of p states and 11B nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in


  We calculated the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate in the (Mg,Al)B2
system and found that the orbital relaxation mechanism dominates over the
dipolar and Fermi-contact mechanisms in MgB2, whereas in AlB2 due to a smaller
density of states and strong anisotropy of boron p orbitals the relaxation is
completely determined by Fermi-contact interaction. The results for MgB2 are
compared with existing experimental data, whereas our results for the doped
alloy and AlB2 can be used in future experiments to verify the theoretical
predictions about the electronic structure of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148416 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Vacuum Energy in Five-Dimensional Brane Worlds


  We present the explicit form of the four-dimensional effective supergravity
action which describes low-energy physics of the Randall--Sundrum model with
moduli fields in the bulk and charged chiral matter living on the branes. The
low-energy action is derived from the compactification of a locally
supersymmetric model in five dimension. We describe the mechanism of
supersymmetry breaking mediation which relies on the non-trivial configuration
of the $Z_2$-odd bulk fields. Broken supersymmetry leads to stabilization of
the interbrane distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75755 </DOCNO>
Constancy of the Constants of Nature


  The current observational and experimental bounds on time variation of the
constants of Nature are briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2557 </DOCNO>
Two distinct metallic bands associated with monatomic Au wires on the


  The Si(557)-Au surface, containing monatomic Au wires parallel to the steps,
has been proposed as an experimental realization of an ideal one-dimensional
metal. In fact, recent photoemission experiments on this system (Nature 402,
504 (1999)) found two peaks that were interpreted in terms of the spin-charge
separation in a Luttinger liquid. Our first-principles density functional
calculations reveal two metallic bands associated with Au-Si bonds, instead of
the single band expected from the Au 6s states, providing an alternative
explanation for the experimental observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127105 </DOCNO>
Gas properties in the Medusa minor merger - comparing with ULIRGs


  High resolution observations of CO and 13CO 1--0 in the Medusa (NGC4194)
minor merger show the CO/13CO 1--0 intensity ratio (R) increasing from normal
values (5-10) in the outer parts of the galaxy to high (>20) values in the
central, extended starburst region. Ratios >20 are otherwise typical of more
luminous mergers. The Medusa L_FIR/L_CO ratio rivals that of ultraluminous
galaxies (ULIRGs), despite the comparatively modest luminosity, indicating an
exceptionally high star formation efficiency (SFE). We present models of the
high pressure ISM in a ULIRG and the relatively low pressure ISM of the Medusa.
We discuss how these models may explain large R in both types of distributions.
Since the HCN emission is faint towards the Medusa, we suggest that the SFE is
not primarily controlled by the mass fraction of dense (n > 10^4 cm-3) gas, but
is probably strongly dependent on dynamics. The bright HCN emission towards
ULIRGs is not necessarily evidence that the IR emission there is always powered
by starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41253 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the cross section for the pion diffractive dissociation


  Contribution of the gluon distribution in the nucleon to the cross section
for the pion diffractive dissociation into two jets has been calculated
recently. In addition, we present here calculation of contribution of the quark
distributions to this process.
  It is expected usually that the quark contributions are much smaller than the
gluon one at high energies. We show that, under the conditions of the E791
experiment, the quark contributions are as significant as the gluon one, so
that the total cross section exceeds several times those with only gluon
contribution.
  Nevertheless, the distribution of jets in longitudinal momentum fractions
does not change significantly and remains qualitatively the same. We compare
our results with the data from the E791 experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114268 </DOCNO>
Macroquantum effects in condensed matter


  Quantum relativistic probability description of continuous world is
re-examined. The new conception of physical world is offered. It is based on
deterministic description of elementary particles, on conception The standard
probability quantum relativistic picture of world is reviewed. The new picture
of world is proposed. It is based on deterministic approach to elementary
particles, discrete model of space determined by segmentation of particles and
their fields and also by introduction of 9 Lorentz groups of transformations
between systems of reference. It is supposed that elementary particles are
segmented in space and change their form dependent on phase and structural
state of substance. This approach allow to use linear differential second order
equations to describe interactions. Maxwell equations are the partial case of
them. This approach allow to eliminate basic paradoxes of quantum field theory
and quantum mechanics and gives a new interpretation of well known experiments.
To confirm the theory proposed basic parameters of macroquantum effects in
condensed medium including cosmic objects are calculated. Particularly,
parameters of high temperature superconductors being stable till temperature
93,5 Centdegree are calculated. It is supposed that electrons in atomic
hydrogen at 6000 Centdegree at the Sun can occur in superconducting state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6460 </DOCNO>
A Jordan-Wigner transformation for the $t-J$ and Hubbard models with


  A Jordan-Wigner (JW) transformation for the $t-J$ and Hubbard models is
described. Introduced are holon and doublon particles for hole and double
occupied sites. There is only a single spin sector particle. Flux tubes occur
in a naturel fashion, within a specific gauge, when the method is adapted to
two dimensions. In order to accommodate three dimensions ``flux sheets'' are
defined. The adaptation of the method to the $t-J$-model in the context of high
$T_{c}$ is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125077 </DOCNO>
A New Code for Nonradial Stellar Pulsations and its Application to Low -


  We present a finite difference code intended for computing linear, adiabatic,
nonradial pulsations of spherical stars. This code is based on a general Newton
- Raphson technique in order to handle the relaxation of the eigenvalue (square
of the eigenfrequency) of the modes and their corresponding eigenfunctions.
This code has been tested computing the pulsation spectra of polytropic spheres
finding a good agreement with previous work. Then, we have coupled this code to
our evolutionary code and applied it to the computation of the pulsation
spectrum of a low mass, pure - helium white dwarf of 0.3 M_{sun} for a wide
range of effective temperatures. In making this calculation we have taken an
evolutionary time step short enough such that eigenmodes corresponding to a
given model are used as initial approximation to those of the next one.
Specifically, we have computed periods, period spacing, eigenfunctions, weight
functions, kinetic energies and variational periods for a wide range of modes.
To our notice this is the first effort in studying the pulsation properties of
helium white dwarfs. The solution we have found working with these realistic
white dwarf models are in good accord with the predictions of the asymptotic
theory of Tassoul (1980) for high order modes. This indicates that the code
presented here is able to work adequately also with realistic stellar models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168503 </DOCNO>
Observation of transient gain without population inversion in a


  We have observed clear Rabi oscillations of a weak probe in a strongly driven
three-level lambda system in laser-cooled rubidium for the first time. When the
coupling field is non-adiabatically switched on using a Pockels cell, transient
probe gain without population inversion is obtained in the presence of
uncoupled absorptions. Our results are supported by three-state computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148707 </DOCNO>
Wilsonian Renormalization Group and the Non-Commutative IR/UV Connection


  We study the IR/UV connection of the four-dimensional non-commutative phi^4
theory by using the Wilsonian Renormalization Group equation. Extending the
usual formulation to the non-commutative case we are able to prove UV
renormalizability to all orders in perturbation theory. The full RG equations
are finite in the IR, but perturbative approximations of them are plagued by IR
divergences. The latter can be systematically resummed in a way analogous to
what is done in finite temperature field theory. As an application,
next-to-leading order corrections to the two-point function are explicitly
computed. The usual Wilsonian picture, i.e. the insensitivity of the IR regime
to the UV, does not hold in the non-commutative case. Nevertheless it can be
partially recovered by a matching procedure, in which a high-energy theory,
defined in the deep non-commutative regime, is connected at some intermediate
scale to a commutative low-energy theory. The latter knows about
non-commutativity only through the boundary conditions for two would-be
irrelevant couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98597 </DOCNO>
Non-compact arithmetic manifolds have simple homotopy type


  We formulate a conjecture that arithmetic locally symmetric manifolds have
simple homotopy type, and prove it for the non-compact case. More precisely, we
show that, for any symmetric space S of non-compact type without Euclidean de
Rham factors, there are constants a=a(S) and d=d(S) such that any non-compact
arithmetic manifold, locally isometric to S, is homotopically equivalent to a
simplicial complex whose vertices degrees are bounded by d, and its number of
vertices is bounded by a times the Riemannian volume. It is very likely that
such a result holds also for compact arithmetic manifolds.
  We conclude that, for any fixed universal covering, S, other then the
hyperbolic plane, there are at most V^(CV) irreducible non-compact arithmetic
manifolds with volume <=V, where C=C(S) is a constant depending on S. Since
higher rank irreducible locally symmetric manifolds of finite volume are always
arithmetic, our result quantifies the number of them which are non-compact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167988 </DOCNO>
Friction and inertia for a mirror in a thermal field


  The force experienced by a mirror moving in vacuum vanishes in the case of
uniform velocity or uniform acceleration, as a consequence of spatial
symmetries of vacuum. These symmetries do not subsist in a thermal field. We
give a general expression of the corresponding viscosity coefficient valid at
any temperature and for any reflectivity function. We show that the computed
motional force also contains a non vanishing inertial term. The associated mass
correction goes to zero in the limiting cases of perfect reflection or of zero
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83663 </DOCNO>
When being Weak is Brave: Privacy in Recommender Systems


  We explore the conflict between personalization and privacy that arises from
the existence of weak ties. A weak tie is an unexpected connection that
provides serendipitous recommendations. However, information about weak ties
could be used in conjunction with other sources of data to uncover identities
and reveal other personal information. In this article, we use a
graph-theoretic model to study the benefit and risk from weak ties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149270 </DOCNO>
High Temperature Asymptotics in Terms of Heat Kernel Coefficients:


  The high temperature asymptotics of the Helmholtz free energy of
electromagnetic field subjected to boundary conditions with spherical and
cylindrical symmetries are constructed by making use of a general expansion in
terms of heat kernel coefficients and the related determinant. For this, some
new heat kernel coefficients and determinants had to be calculated for the
boundary conditions under consideration. The obtained results reproduce all the
asymptotics derived by other methods in the problems at hand and involve a few
new terms in the high temperature expansions. An obvious merit of this approach
is its universality and applicability to any boundary value problem correctly
formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97281 </DOCNO>
Casimir energy for spherically symmetric dispersive dielectric media


  We consider the vacuum energy of the electromagnetic field in the background
of spherically symmetric dielectrics, subject to a cut-off frequency in the
dispersion relations. The effect of this frequency dependent boundary condition
between media is described in terms of the {\it incomplete} $\zeta$-functions
of the problem. The use of the Debye asymptotic expansion for Bessel functions
allows to determine the dominant (volume, area, ...) terms in the Casimir
energy. The application of these expressions to the case of a gas bubble
immersed in water is discussed, and results consistent with Schwinger's
proposal about the role the Casimir energy plays in sonoluminescence are found.
  PACS: 03.70.+k,12.20.Ds,78.60.Mq

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72918 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariances and Phases of Massive Higher Spins in (A)dS


  The (m^2,\Lambda) plane of spin s>1 massive fields in (A)dS backgrounds is
shown to consist of separate phases, divided by lines of novel ``partially
massless'' gauge theories that successively remove helicities, starting from
the lowest, 0 or +/-(1/2). The norms of the excluded states flip as the gauge
lines are crossed and only the region containing the massive Minkowski theory
is unitary. The partially massless gauge theories are unitary or not, depending
on the ordering of the gauge lines. This ``level splitting'' of massless
Minkowski gauge theories is specific to non-zero \Lambda.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84030 </DOCNO>
The Overview of the National Ignition Facility Distributed Computer


  The Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS) for the National Ignition
Facility (NIF) is a layered architecture of 300 front-end processors (FEP)
coordinated by supervisor subsystems including automatic beam alignment and
wavefront control, laser and target diagnostics, pulse power, and shot control
timed to 30 ps. FEP computers incorporate either VxWorks on PowerPC or Solaris
on UltraSPARC processors that interface to over 45,000 control points attached
to VME-bus or PCI-bus crates respectively. Typical devices are stepping motors,
transient digitizers, calorimeters, and photodiodes. The front-end layer is
divided into another segment comprised of an additional 14,000 control points
for industrial controls including vacuum, argon, synthetic air, and safety
interlocks implemented with Allen-Bradley programmable logic controllers
(PLCs). The computer network is augmented asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) that
delivers video streams from 500 sensor cameras monitoring the 192 laser beams
to operator workstations. Software is based on an object-oriented framework
using CORBA distribution that incorporates services for archiving, machine
configuration, graphical user interface, monitoring, event logging, scripting,
alert management, and access control. Software coding using a mixed language
environment of Ada95 and Java is one-third complete at over 300 thousand source
lines. Control system installation is currently under way for the first 8
beams, with project completion scheduled for 2008.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125451 </DOCNO>
Solar Models with Helioseismic Constraints and the Solar Neutrino


  Imposing a constraint of the sound-speed profile determined from
helioseismology and updating the microphysics, we have revised our seismic
solar model, constructed with the assumption of a homogeneous metal abundance
distribution, and have shown that the theoretically expected neutrino fluxes
are still significantly more than the observations. With the same sound-speed
profile constraint, we also constructed solar models with low metal abundance
in the core, and evaluated the neutrino fluxes of these models to see if
nonstandard solar models with a low metal core can solve the solar neutrino
problem. Some of these models are in agreement with the Homestake data, the
Super-Kamiokande data, and the sound-speed profile simultaneously, but none of
these satisfy both the neutrino flux data, including GALLEX and SAGE, and the
helioseismically determined density profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6366 </DOCNO>
Flux-Dependent Level Attraction in Double-Dot Aharonov-Bohm


  We study electron transport through a closed Aharonov-Bohm interferometer
containing two single-level quantum dots. The quantum-dot levels are coupled to
each other indirectly via the leads. We find that this coupling yields
signatures of an effective flux-dependent level attraction in the linear
conductance. Furthermore, we predict a suppression of transport when both
levels are close to the Fermi level of the leads. The width of this anomaly is
also flux dependent. We identify different regimes in which constructive
interference of transmission through identical dots yields a signal that is 1,
2, or 4 times as large as the conductance through a single dot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124874 </DOCNO>
Radioactivities in Population Studies: 26Al and 60Fe from OB


  The observation of the interstellar 1.809 MeV decay-line of radioactive 26Al
by the imaging gamma-ray telescope COMPTEL have let to the conclusion, that
massive stars and their subsequent core-collapse supernovae are the dominant
sources of the interstellar 26Al abundance. Massive stars are known to affect
the surrounding interstellar medium by their energetic stellar winds and by the
emission of ionising radiation. We present a population synthesis model
allowing the correlated investigation of the gamma-ray emission characteristics
with integrated matter, kinetic energy and extreme ultra-violet radiation
emission of associations of massive stars. We study the time evolution of the
various observables. In addition, we discuss systematic as well as statistical
uncertainties affecting the model. Beside uncertainties in the input stellar
physics such as stellar rotation, mass loss rates or internal mixing
modifications due to a unknown binary component may lead to significant
uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2645 </DOCNO>
Fermion-Condensation Quantum Phase Transition in High-T_c


  The effect of a quantum phase transition associated with the appearance of
the fermion condensate in an electron liquid on the properties of
superconductors is considered. It is shown that the electron system in both
superconducting and normal states exhibits characteristic features of a quantum
protectorate after the point of this fermion-condensation quantum phase
transition. The single-particle spectrum of a superconductor can be represented
by two straight lines corresponding to two effective masses $M^*_{FC}$ and
$M^*_{L}$. The $M^*_{FC}$ mass characterizes the spectrum up to the binding
energy $E_0$, which is of the order of the superconducting gap in magnitude,
and $M^*_{L}$ determines the spectrum at higher binding energies. Both
effective masses are retained in the normal state; however, $E_0=4T$. These
results are used to explain the lineshape of single-particle excitations and
other remarkable properties of high-$T_c$ superconductors and are in a good
agreement with recent experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128249 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Light Concentration. I. Index stability and the connection with


  We explore the stability of different galaxy light concentration indices as a
function of the outermost observed galaxy radius. With a series of analytical
light-profile models, we show mathematically how varying the radial extent to
which one measures a galaxy's light can strongly affect the derived galaxy
concentration. The "mean concentration index", often used for parameterizing
high-redshift galaxies, is shown to be horribly unstable, even when modeling
one-component systems such as elliptical, dwarf elliptical and pure exponential
disk galaxies. The C_31 concentration index performs considerably better but is
also heavily dependent on the radial extent, and hence exposure depth, of any
given galaxy. We show that the recently defined central concentration index is
remarkably stable against changes to the outer radius, providing a meaningful
and reliable estimate of galaxy concentration. The index n from the r^(1/n)
models is shown to be monotonically related with the central concentration of
light, giving the index n a second and perhaps more tangible meaning. With a
sample of elliptical and dwarf elliptical galaxies, we present correlations
between the central light concentration and the global parameters: luminosity
(Pearson's r = -0.82), effective radius (r = 0.67), central surface brightness
(r = -0.88), and velocity dispersion (r = 0.80). The more massive elliptical
galaxies are shown to be more centrally concentrated. We speculate that the
physical mechanism behind the recently observed correlation between the central
velocity dispersion (mass) of a galaxy and the mass of its central supermassive
black hole may be connected with the central galaxy concentration. That is, we
hypothesize that it may not simply be the amount of mass in a galaxy but rather
how that mass is distributed that controls the mass of the central black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124667 </DOCNO>
High-Redshift Quasars Found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning


  We present results on over 100 high-redshift quasars found in the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), using automated selection algorithms applied to SDSS
imaging data and with spectroscopic confirmation obtained during routine
spectroscopic operations of the Sloan 2.5-m telescope. The SDSS spectra cover
the wavelength range 3900--9200 Angstroms at a spectral resolution of 1800, and
have been obtained for 116 quasars with redshifts greater than 3.94; 92 of
these objects were previously uncataloged, significantly increasing the current
tally of published z>4 quasars. The paper also reports observations of five
additional new z>4.6 quasars; all were found from the SDSS imaging survey and
spectroscopically confirmed with data from the Apache Point Observatory's 3.5-m
telescope. The i' magnitudes of the quasars range from 18.03 to 20.56. Of the
97 new objects in this paper, 13 are Broad Absorption Line quasars. Five
quasars, including one object at a redshift of 5.11, have 20 cm peak flux
densities greater than 1 mJy. Two of the quasars, both at z=4.5, have very weak
emission lines; one of these objects is a radio source. Nineteen of the
newly-discovered objects have redshifts above 4.6, and the maximum redshift is
z=5.41; among objects reported to date, the latter is the third highest
redshift AGN, and penultimate in redshift among luminous quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148158 </DOCNO>
Minimal model boundary flows and c=1 CFT


  We consider perturbations of unitary minimal models by boundary fields.
Initially we consider the models in the limit as c -> 1 and find that the
relevant boundary fields all have simple interpretations in this limit. This
interpretation allows us to conjecture the IR limits of flows in the unitary
minimal models generated by the fields \phi_{rr} of `low' weight. We check this
conjecture using the truncated conformal space approach. In the process we find
evidence for a new series of integrable boundary flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1368 </DOCNO>
Strong damping of phononic heat current by magnetic excitations in


  Measurements of the thermal conductivity as a function of temperature and
magnetic field in the 2D dimer spin system SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ are presented.
In zero magnetic field the thermal conductivity along and perpendicular to the
magnetic planes shows a pronounced double-peak structure as a function of
temperature. The low-temperature maximum is drastically suppressed with
increasing magnetic field. Our quantitative analysis reveals that the heat
current is due to phonons and that the double-peak structure arises from
pronounced resonant scattering of phonons by magnetic excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77086 </DOCNO>
Pion gas viscosity at low temperature and density


  By using Chiral Perturbation Theory and the Uehling-Uhlenbeck equation we
compute the viscosity of a pion gas, in the low temperature and low density
regime, in terms of the temperature, and the pion fugacity. The viscosity turns
out to be proportional to the squared root of the temperature over the pion
mass. Next to leading corrections are proportional to the temperature over the
pion mass to the 3/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84026 </DOCNO>
On the Design of a Tool for Supporting the Construction of Logic


  Environments for systematic construction of logic programs are needed in the
academy as well as in the industry. Such environments should support well
defined construction methods and should be able to be extended and interact
with other programming tools like debuggers and compilers. We present a variant
of the Deville methodology for logic program development, and the design of a
tool for supporting the methodology. Our aim is to facilitate the learning of
logic programming and to set the basis of more sophisticated tools for program
development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41170 </DOCNO>
Search for New Physics Using Quaero: A General Interface to D0 Event


  We describe Quaero, a method that i) enables the automatic optimization of
searches for physics beyond the standard model, and ii) provides a mechanism
for making high energy collider data generally available. We apply Quaero to
searches for standard model WW, ZZ, and ttbar production, and to searches for
these objects produced through a new heavy resonance. Through this interface,
we make three data sets collected by the D0 experiment at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
publicly available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72709 </DOCNO>
Flavor symmetry breaking, baryons magnetic moments, and low energy


  A priori mixings of eigenstates in physical states are quantum mechanical
effects well known in several realms of physics. The possibility that such
effects are also present in particle physics, in the form of mixings that break
flavor and parity symmetries, is studied. Applications to non-leptonic and weak
radiative decays of hyperons are discussed. The results are very encouraging
but should be improved by eventually including the W and Z contributions,
assumed small (non-enhanced) in this work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114517 </DOCNO>
Improved alternating gradient transport and focusing of neutral


  Polar molecules, in strong-field seeking states, can be transported and
focused by an alternating sequence of electric field gradients that focus in
one transverse direction while defocusing in the other. We show, by calculation
and numerical simulation, how one may greatly improve the alternating gradient
transport and focusing of molecules. We use a new optimized multipole lens
design, a FODO-lattice beam transport line, and lenses to match the beam
transport line to the beam source and to the final focus.
  We derive analytic expressions for the potentials, fields, and gradients that
may be used to design these lenses. We describe a simple lens optimization
procedure and derive the equations of motion for tracking molecules through a
beam transport line. As an example, we model a straight beamline that
transports a 560 m/s jet-source beam of methyl fluoride15 m from its source and
focuses it to 2 mm diameter. We calculate the beam transport line acceptance
and beam survival, for a beam with a velocity spread, and estimate the
transmitted intensity for specified source conditions. Possible applications
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1420 </DOCNO>
Femtosecond to picosecond electron-energy relaxation and Froehlich


  Electron relaxation in quantum dots is studied theoretically in polar
semiconductor materials, with an emphasis put on the phonon-bottleneck problem
and electron-LO-phonon coupling. The theory is based on multiphonon states of
the electron-LO-phonon system and the self-consistent Tamm-Dancoff
approximation is used for the electronic self-energy. Electronic relaxation
rate is shown numerically to be on the scale from hundreds fs to tens ps, for
electron energy-level separations being in the broad range from about one
LO-phonon energy to about three or four optical-phonon energies. Despite of
displaying some resonance features, the electronic relaxation rate does not
appear to be crucially dependent on the quantum dot size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7249 </DOCNO>
The decay mode of high-energy tails in velocity distributions of


  The relativistic equilibrium velocity distribution coincides with the
Maxwellian distribution for small velocities and vanishes at c, the velocity of
light. Based on the decay pattern of high-energy tail in the relativistic
equilibrium velocity distribution, it is predicted for velocity and velocity
rate distributions of astrophysical plasma particles that they fall off to
zero, as velocity goes to c, slower than any exponential decay but faster than
any power-law decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96111 </DOCNO>
Asymptotics of eigenvalues of the Schroedinger operator with a strong


  In this paper we investigate the operator
$H_{\beta}=-\Delta-\beta\delta(\cdot-\Gamma)$ in $L^{2}({\Bbb R}^{2})$, where
$\beta>0$ and $\Gamma$ is a closed $C^{4}$ Jordan curve in ${\Bbb R}^{2}$. We
obtain the asymptotic form of each eigenvalue of $H_{\beta}$ as $\beta$ tends
to infinity. We also get the asymptotic form of the number of negative
eigenvalues of $H_{\beta}$ in the strong coupling asymptotic regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2265 </DOCNO>
Interlayer Exchange Interactions, SU(4) Soft Waves and Skyrmions in


  The Coulomb exchange interaction is the driving force for quantum coherence
in quantum Hall systems. We construct a microscopic Landau-site Hamiltonian for
the exchange interaction in bilayer quantum Hall ferromagnets, which is
characterized by the SU(4) isospin structure. By taking a continuous limit, the
Hamiltonian gives rise to the SU(4) nonlinear sigma model in the
von-Neumann-lattice formulation. The ground-state energy is evaluated at
filling factors $\nu =1,2,3,4$. It is shown at $\nu =1$ that there are 3
independent soft waves, where only one soft wave is responsible for the
coherent tunneling of electrons between the two layers. It is also shown at
$\nu =1$ that there are 3 independent skyrmion states apart from the
translational degree of freedom. They are CP$^{3}$ skyrmions enjoying the
spin-charge entanglement confined within the \LLL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125630 </DOCNO>
The Soft X-ray Properties of Nearby Low-Luminosity Active Galactic


  We have examined ROSAT soft X-ray observations of a complete,
distance-limited sample of Seyfert and LINER galaxies. X-ray data are available
for 46 out of 60 such objects which lie within a hemisphere of radius 18 Mpc.
We have constructed radial profiles of the nuclear sources in order to
characterize their spatial extent and, in some cases, to help constrain the
amount of flux associated with a nuclear point source. PSPC data from ROSAT
have been used to explore the spectral characteristics of the objects with
sufficient numbers of detected counts. Based on the typical spectral parameters
of these sources, we have estimated the luminosities of the weaker sources in
the sample. We then explore the relationship between the soft X-ray and H alpha
luminosities of the observed objects; these quantities are correlated for
higher-luminosity AGNs. We find a weak correlation at low luminosities as well,
and have used this relationship to predict L_X for the 14 objects in our sample
that lack X-ray data. Using the results of the spatial and spectral analyses,
we have compared the X-ray properties of Seyferts and LINERs, finding no
striking differences between the two classes of objects. However, both types of
objects often exhibit significant amounts of extended emission, which could
minimize the appearance of differences in their nuclear properties. The soft
X-ray characteristics of the type 1 and type 2 active galaxies in the sample
are also discussed. We then compute the local X-ray volume emissivity of
low-luminosity Seyferts and LINERs and investigate their contribution to the
cosmic X-ray background. The 0.5-2.0 keV volume emissivity of 2.2e38
ergs/s/Mpc^3 we obtain for our sample suggests that low-luminosity AGNs produce
at least 9% of the soft X-ray background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168545 </DOCNO>
A double slit and a position-momentum EPR correlation


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to the fact that a similar
paper (quant-ph/9904075) has been published.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168539 </DOCNO>
High order quantum decoherence via multi-particle amplitude for boson


  In this paper we depict the high order quantum coherence of a boson system by
using the multi-particle wave amplitude, whose norm square is just the high
order correlation function. This multi-time amplitude can be shown to be a
superposition of several "multi-particle paths". When the environment or a
apparatus entangles with them to form a generalized "which-way" measurement for
many particle system, the quantum decoherence happens in the high order case
dynamically. An explicit illustration is also given with an intracavity system
of two modes interacting with a moving mirror.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72412 </DOCNO>
Rare B -> K^* (nu) bar(nu) decay beyond standard model


  Using the most general, model-independent form of effective Hamiltonian, the
exclusive, rare $B \rar K^\ast \nu \bar \nu$ decay is analyzed. The sensitivity
of the branching ratios and missing mass-squared spectrum to the new Wilson
coefficients is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76016 </DOCNO>
Nuclear effects in the Drell-Yan process at RHIC and LHC


  We study Drell-Yan (DY) dilepton production in proton(deuterium)-nucleus and
in nucleus-nucleus collisions within the light-cone color dipole formalism.
This approach is especially suitable for predicting nuclear effects in the DY
cross section for heavy ion collisions, as it provides the impact parameter
dependence of nuclear shadowing and transverse momentum broadening, quantities
that are not available from the standard parton model. For p(D)+A collisions we
calculate nuclear shadowing and investigate nuclear modification of the DY
transverse momentum distribution at RHIC and LHC for kinematics corresponding
to coherence length much longer than the nuclear size. Calculations are
performed separately for transversely and longitudinally polarized DY photons,
and predictions are presented for the dilepton angular distribution.
Furthermore, we calculate nuclear broadening of the mean transverse momentum
squared of DY dileptons as function of the nuclear mass number and energy. We
also predict nuclear effects for the cross section of the DY process in heavy
ion collisions. We found a substantial nuclear shadowing for valence quarks,
stronger than for the sea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98426 </DOCNO>
An asymptotic dimension for metric spaces, and the 0-th Novikov-Shubin


  A nonnegative number d_infinity, called asymptotic dimension, is associated
with any metric space. Such number detects the asymptotic properties of the
space (being zero on bounded metric spaces), fulfills the properties of a
dimension, and is invariant under rough isometries. It is then shown that for a
class of open manifolds with bounded geometry the asymptotic dimension
coincides with the 0-th Novikov-Shubin number alpha_0 defined previously
(math.OA/9802015, cf. also math.DG/0110294). Thus the dimensional
interpretation of alpha_0 given in the mentioned paper in the framework of
noncommutative geometry is established on metrics grounds. Since the asymptotic
dimension of a covering manifold coincides with the polynomial growth of its
covering group, the stated equality generalises to open manifolds a result by
Varopoulos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169417 </DOCNO>
Quantum fast Fourier transform using multilevel atoms


  We propose an implementation of the quantum fast Fourier transform algorithm
in an entangled system of multilevel atoms. The Fourier transform occurs
naturally in the unitary time evolution of energy eigenstates and is used to
define an alternate wave-packet basis for quantum information in the atom. A
change of basis from energy levels to wave packets amounts to a discrete
quantum Fourier transform within each atom. The algorithm then reduces to a
series of conditional phase transforms between two entangled atoms in mixed
energy and wave-packet bases. We show how to implement such transforms using
wave-packet control of the internal states of the ions in the linear ion-trap
scheme for quantum computing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99138 </DOCNO>
Moduli spaces of topological calibrations, Calabi-Yau, HyperK\"ahler,


  We shall study certain geometric structures: Calabi-Yau, HyperK\"ahler, $\G$
and $\Spin$ structures. These geometric structures are defined by certain
closed differential forms. We shall obtain a unified construction of moduli
spaces of these structures in terms of closed differential forms. We also show
smoothness of these moduli spaces and local Torelli type theorem in a
systematic way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87060 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Frenet-Serret dynamics


  The Hamiltonian formulation of the dynamics of a relativistic particle
described by a higher-derivative action that depends both on the first and the
second Frenet-Serret curvatures is considered from a geometrical perspective.
We demonstrate how reparametrization covariant dynamical variables and their
projections onto the Frenet-Serret frame can be exploited to provide not only a
significant simplification of but also novel insights into the canonical
analysis. The constraint algebra and the Hamiltonian equations of motion are
written down and a geometrical interpretation is provided for the canonical
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76597 </DOCNO>
Have we already detected astrophysical symptoms of space-time


  We discuss astrophysical implications of $\kappa$-Minkowski space-time, in
which there appears space-time noncommutativity. We first derive a velocity
formula for particles based on the motion of a wave packet. The result is that
a massless particle moves at a constant speed as in the usual Minkowski
space-time, which implies that an arrival time analysis by $\gamma$-rays from
Markarian (Mk) 421 does not exclude space-time noncommutativity. Based on this
observation, we analyze reaction processes in $\kappa$-Minkowski space-time
which are related to the puzzling detections of extremely high-energy cosmic
rays above the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff and of high-energy ($\sim$20 TeV)
$\gamma$-rays from Mk 501.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97525 </DOCNO>
The Number of Tableaux which Contain a Given Subtableau


  For a (standard) Young tableau T on [k], say that a tableau T' on [n]
contains T as a subtableau if the cells of T' containing the elements of [k]
are arranged as in T. McKay, Morse, and Wilf (math.CO/0008160) recently
introduced the idea of quasirandom permutations and used this to find the
limiting probability (as n -> infinity) that a tableau on [n] contains a given
tableau on [k] as a subtableau. Stanley (math.CO/0106115) then used the theory
of symmetric functions to obtain an exact formula for the number of tableaux on
[n] which contain a given subtableau.
  Here we extend the quasirandom permutation approach to give another proof of
Stanley's formula, one which is independent of the theory of symmetric
functions and group characters. Our method rests on an exact count of the
n-involutions which contain a given k-permutation as a subsequence; we find
that this number depends on the patterns of the initial sequences of the
k-permutation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6072 </DOCNO>
Thermopower of Aharonov-Bohm Interferometer with a Quantum Dot


  We report on the thermopower of an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer (AB) with a
quantum dot in the Kondo limit. The thermopower is anomalously enhanced due to
the Kondo effect as in heavy fermion systems. In contrast to the bulk systems,
the sign of the thermopower can be changed by adjusting the energy level scheme
or the particle-hole asymmetry of a dot with the gate voltage. Further the
magnitude and even the sign of the thermopower in the AB ring can be changed at
will with varying either magnetic fields or the gate voltages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6518 </DOCNO>
Optical properties of structurally-relaxed Si/SiO$_2$ superlattices: the


  We have constructed microscopic, structurally-relaxed atomistic models of
Si/SiO$_2$ superlattices. The structural distortion and oxidation-state
characteristics of the interface Si atoms are examined in detail. The role
played by the interface Si suboxides in raising the band gap and producing
dispersionless energy bands is established. The suboxide atoms are shown to
generate an abrupt interface layer about 1.60 \AA thick. Bandstructure and
optical-absorption calculations at the Fermi Golden rule level are used to
demonstrate that increasing confinement leads to (a) direct bandgaps (b) a blue
shift in the spectrum, and (c) an enhancement of the absorption intensity in
the threshold-energy region. Some aspects of this behaviour appear not only in
the symmetry direction associated with the superlattice axis, but also in the
orthogonal plane directions. We conclude that, in contrast to Si/Ge, Si/SiO$_2$
superlattices show clear optical enhancement and a shift of the optical
spectrum into the region useful for many opto-electronic applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149989 </DOCNO>
Kontsevich-Witten Model From 2+1 Gravity: New Exact Combinatorial


  In previous publications (J.Geom.Phys.38 (2001) 81-139 and references
therein) the partition function for 2+1 gravity was constructed for the fixed
genus Riemann surface. With help of this function the dynamical transition from
pseudo-Anosov to periodic (Seifert-fibered) regime was studied.In this paper
the periodic regime is studied in some detail in order to recover major results
of Kontsevich (Comm.Math.Phys. 147 (1992) 1-23) ispired by earlier work by
Witten on topological two dimensional quantum gravity.To achieve this goal some
results from enumerative combinatorics have been used. The logical developments
are extensively illustrated using geometrically convincing figures. This
feature is helpful for development of some non traditional applications
(mentioned through the entire text) of obtained results to fields other than
theoretical particle physics

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149782 </DOCNO>
Mass, Entropy and Holography in Asymptotically de Sitter Spaces


  We propose a novel prescription for computing the boundary stress tensor and
charges of asymptotically de Sitter (dS) spacetimes from data at early or late
time infinity. If there is a holographic dual to dS spaces, defined analogously
to the AdS/CFT correspondence, our methods compute the (Euclidean) stress
tensor of the dual. We compute the masses of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black
holes in four and five dimensions, and the masses and angular momenta of
Kerr-de Sitter spaces in three dimensions. All these spaces are less massive
than de Sitter, a fact which we use to qualitatively and quantitatively relate
de Sitter entropy to the degeneracy of possible dual field theories. Our
results in general dimension lead to a conjecture: Any asymptotically de Sitter
spacetime with mass greater than de Sitter has a cosmological singularity.
Finally, if a dual to de Sitter exists, the trace of our stress tensor computes
the RG equation of the dual field theory. Cosmological time evolution
corresponds to RG evolution in the dual. The RG evolution of the c function is
then related to changes in accessible degrees of freedom in an expanding
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73825 </DOCNO>
A two-dimensional QCD in the covariant gauge


  A nonperturbative approach to 2D covariant gauge QCD is presented in the
context of the Schwinger-Dyson equations for quark and ghost propagators and
the corresponding Slavnov-Taylor identities. The distribution theory,
complemented by the dimensional regularization method, is used in order to
correctly treat the severe infrared singularities which inevitably appear in
the theory. By working out the multiplicative renormalization program we remove
them from the theory on a general ground and in a self-consistent way, proving
thus the infrared multiplicative renormalizability of 2D QCD within our
approach. This makes it possible to sum up the infinite series of the
corresponding planar skeleton diagrams in order to derive a closed set of
equations for the infrared renormalized quark propagator. We have shown that
complications due to ghost degrees of freedom can be considerable within our
approach. It is shown exactly that 2D covariant gauge QCD implies quark
confinement (the quark propagator has no poles, indeed) as well as dynamical
breakdown of chiral symmety (a chiral symmetry preserving solution is
forbidded). We also show explicitly how to formulate the bound-state problem
and the Schwinger-Dyson equations for the gluon propagator and the triple gauge
proper vertex, all free of the severe IR singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123956 </DOCNO>
Heating of X-Ray Hot Gas in Groups by Blast Waves


  In order to find the conditions which determine whether X-Ray hot gas in
galaxy groups (intragroup gas; IGG) is heated externally or internally, we
investigate the evolution of blast waves in galaxy groups growing on a
hierarchical clustering scenario. We find that the blast waves driven by
quasars are confined in groups and heat the IGG internally at z<~ 1. However,
at z>~ 1, they expel the IGG from groups; the expelled gas may fall back into
the groups later as externally heated gas. Moreover, this may explain the
observed low metal abundance of IGG. For blast waves driven by strong
starbursts, the shift of the fate of blast waves occurs at z~ 3. On the other
hand, although blast waves driven by weak starbursts do not expel IGG from
groups, the heating efficiency decreases at z>~ 3 because of radiative cooling.
It will be useful to compare these results with XMM-Newton observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128054 </DOCNO>
A novel approach for extracting time-delays from lightcurves of lensed


  We present a new method to estimate time delays from light curves of lensed
quasars. The method is based on chi^2 minimization between the data and a
numerical model light curve. A linear variation can be included in order to
correct for slow long-term microlensing effects in one of the lensed images. An
iterative version of the method can be applied in order to correct for higher
order microlensing effects. The method is tested on simulated light curves.
When higher order microlensing effects are present the time delay is best
constrained with the iterative method. Analysis of a published data set for the
lensed double Q0957+561 yields results in agreement with other published
estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126143 </DOCNO>
The standard theory of extinction and the spectrum of stars with very


  This paper examines the relationship between spectra of stars of same
spectral type with extremely low reddenings.
  According to the standard theory, the relationship between the spectrum of
stars with same spectral type and small, but different reddenings should be
different in the optical and in the UV.
  This difference is not observed: the ratio of the spectra of two stars in
directions where the reddening is large enough to be detected and low enough
not to give a noticeable 2200Ang. bump is an exponential of 1/lambda from the
near-infrared to the far-UV.
  This result is in conformity with the ideas introduced in preceding papers:
the exponential optical extinction extends to the UV, and the spectrum of stars
with enough reddening is contaminated by light scattered at close angular
distance from the stars.
  An application will be the determination of the spectrum of a non-reddened
star from the spectrum of a star of same spectral type with little reddening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114338 </DOCNO>
Front End CAMAC Controller for SLAC Control System


  Most of the devices in the SLAC control system are accessed via interface
modules in ~450 CAMAC crates. Low-cost controllers in these crates communicate
via a SLAC-proprietary bit-serial protocol with 77 satellite control computers
("micros") within the accelerator complex. A proposed upgrade replaces the
existing Multibus-I implementation of the micro hardware with
commercial-off-the-shelf ("COTS") personal computers. For increased reliability
and ease of maintenance, these micros will move from their current electrically
noisy and environmentally challenging sites to the control center's computer
room, with only a stand-alone portion of each micro's CAMAC interface remaining
in the micro's original location. This paper describes the hardware/software
architecture of that intelligent front-end CAMAC controller and the
accompanying fiber optic link board that connects it to the PC-based micro's
PCI bus. Emphasis is placed on the hardware/software techniques employed to
minimize real-time latency for pulse-to-pulse operations that control
accelerator timing, acquire data for fast feedback loops, and change device
settings to close those loops. The controller provides the sole interface
between the COTS computing/networking environment and the existing CAMAC plant.
It also supports higher bandwidth commercial byte-serial crate controllers and
legacy BITBUS hardware.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1698 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Algorithm for the Double Exchange Model Optimized for


  A new algorithm for Monte Carlo calculation of the double exchange model is
studied. The algorithm is commonly applicable to wide classes of strongly
correlated electron systems which involve itinerant electrons coupled with
thermodynamically fluctuating fields. Using moment expansions of the density of
states with Chebyshev polynomials, the algorithm provides an efficient
calculation on large size clusters, especially on parallel computers. Benchmark
calculations are performed on Beowulf-type cluster systems with over 100 CPUs
in parallel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127884 </DOCNO>
No planet for HD 166435


  The G0V star HD166435 has been observed by the fiber-fed spectrograph ELODIE
as one of the targets in the large extra-solar planet survey that we are
conducting at the Observatory of Haute-Provence. We detected coherent,
low-amplitude, radial-velocity variations with a period of 3.7987days,
suggesting a possible close-in planetary companion. Subsequently, we initiated
a series of high-precision photometric observations to search for possible
planetary transits and an additional series of CaII H and K observations to
measure the level of surface magnetic activity and to look for possible
rotational modulation. Surprisingly, we found the star to be photometrically
variable and magnetically active. A detailed study of the phase stability of
the radial-velocity signal revealed that the radial-velocity variability
remains coherent only for durations of about 30days. Analysis of the time
variation of the spectroscopic line profiles using line bisectors revealed a
correlation between radial velocity and line-bisector orientation. All of these
observations, along with a one-quarter cycle phase shift between the
photometric and the radial-velocity variationss, are well explained by the
presence of dark photospheric spots on HD166435. We conclude that the
radial-velocity variations are not due to gravitational interaction with an
orbiting planet but, instead, originate from line-profile changes stemming from
star spots on the surface of the star. The quasi-coherence of the
radial-velocity signal over more than two years, which allowed a fair fit with
a binary model, makes the stability of this star unusual among other active
stars. It suggests a stable magnetic field orientation where spots are always
generated at about the same location on the surface of the star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 793 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the Time Horizon Minority Game


  We present exact analytic results for a new version of the Minority Game (MG)
in which strategy performance is recorded over a finite time horizon. The
dynamics of this Time Horizon Minority Game (THMG) exhibit many distinct
features from the MG and depend strongly on whether the participants are fed
real, or random, history strings. The THMG equations are equivalent to a Markov
Chain, and yield exact analytic results for the volatility given a specific
realization for the quenched strategy disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168643 </DOCNO>
Complexity of decoupling and time-reversal for n spins with


  Well-known Nuclear Magnetic Resonance experiments show that the time
evolution according to (truncated) dipole-dipole interactions between n spins
can be inverted by simple pulse sequences. Independent of n, the reversed
evolution is only two times slower than the original one. Here we consider more
general spin-spin couplings with long range. We prove that some are
considerably more complex to invert since the number of required time steps and
the slow-down of the reversed evolutions are necessarily of the order n.
Furthermore, the spins have to be addressed separately. We show for which
values of the coupling parameters the phase transition between simple and
complex time-reversal schemes occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76526 </DOCNO>
Structure of the final states in Higgs production at Hadronic Colliders


  We quantify the rate and the signal-to-background ratio for Higgs $\to
b\bar{b}$ detection in double-diffractive events at the Tevatron and the LHC.
The signal is predicted to be very small at the Tevatron, but observable at the
LHC. We exemplify the diagnostic power of hadronic antenna pattern by
considering the topology of hadronic flow corresponding to Higgs $\to b\bar{b}$
events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174674 </DOCNO>
Antinucleus Production at RHIC


  Light antinuclei may be formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions via final
state coalescence of antinucleons. The yields of antinuclei are sensitive to
primordial antinucleon production, the volume of the system at kinetic
freeze-out, and space-momentum correlations among antinucleons at freeze-out.
We report here preliminary STAR results on antideuteron and antihelion
production in 130A GeV Au+Au collisions. These results are examined in a
coalescence framework to elucidate the space-time structure of the antinucleon
source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4014 </DOCNO>
Scene dependence of the non-gaussian scaling properties of natural


  We report results on the scaling properties of changes in contrast of natural
images in different visual environments. This study confirms the existence, in
a vast class of images, of a multiplicative process relating the variations in
contrast seen at two different scales, as was found in
\cite{NIPS97,TuMaPaNa98}. But it also shows that the scaling exponents are not
universal: Even if most images follow the same type of statistics, they do it
with different values of the distribution parameters. Motivated by these
results, we also present the analysis of a generative model of images that
reproduces those properties and that has the correct power spectrum. Possible
implications for visual processing are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129238 </DOCNO>
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays: present status and future prospects


  Reasons for the current interest in cosmic rays above 10^19 eV are described.
The latest results on the energy spectrum, arrival direction distribution and
mass composition of cosmic rays are reviewed, including data that were reported
after the meeting in Blois in June 2001. The enigma set by the existence of
ultra high-energy cosmic rays remains. Ideas proposed to explain it are
discussed and progress with the construction of the Pierre Auger Observatory is
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73980 </DOCNO>
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays from annihilation of superheavy dark


  We consider the possibility that ultra-high energy cosmic rays originate from
the annihilation of relic superheavy dark-matter particles. We find that a
cross section of <sigma_A v> ~ 10^{-26}cm^2 (M_X/10^{12}GeV)^{3/2} is required
to account for the observed rate of super-GZK events if the superheavy dark
matter follows a Navarro-Frenk-White density profile. This would require
extremely large-l contributions to the annihilation cross section. We also
calculate the possible signature from annihilation in sub-galactic clumps of
dark matter and find that the signal from sub-clumps dominates and may explain
the observed flux with a much smaller cross section than if the superheavy dark
matter is smoothly distributed. Finally, we discuss the expected anisotropy in
the arrival directions of the cosmic rays, which is a characteristic signature
of this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167975 </DOCNO>
Secure communication with single-photon two-qubit states


  We propose a cryptographic scheme that is deterministic: Alice sends single
photons to Bob, and each and every photon detected supplies one key bit --- no
photon is wasted. This is in marked contrast to other schemes in which a random
process decides whether the next photon sent will contribute to the key or not.
The determinism is achieved by preparing the photons in two-qubit states,
rather than the one-qubit states used in conventional schemes. In particular,
we consider the realistic situation in which one qubit is the photon
polarization, the other a spatial alternative. Further, we show how one can
exploit the deterministic nature for direct secure communication, that is:
without the need for establishing a shared key first.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5389 </DOCNO>
Theory of valence transitions in Ytterbium and Europium intermetallics


  The exact solution of the multi-component Falicov-Kimball model in
infinite-dimensions is presented and used to discuss a new fixed point of
valence fluctuating intermetallics with Yb and Eu ions. In these compounds,
temperature, external magnetic field, pressure, or chemical pressure induce a
transition between a metallic state with the f-ions in a mixed-valent
(non-magnetic) configuration and a semi-metallic state with the f-ions in an
integral-valence (paramagnetic) configuration. The zero-field transition occurs
at the temperature Tv, while the zero-temperature transition sets in at the
critical field Hc. We present the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of the
model for an arbitrary concentration of d- and f-electrons. For large U, we
find a MI transition, triggered by the temperature or field-induced change in
the f-occupancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149108 </DOCNO>
Brane-World Inflation and the Transition to Standard Cosmology


  In the context of a five-dimensional brane-world model motivated from
heterotic M-theory, we develop a framework for potential-driven brane-world
inflation. Specifically this involves a classification of the various
background solutions of (A)dS_5 type, an analysis of five-dimensional slow-roll
conditions and a study of how a transition to the flat vacuum state can be
realized. It is shown that solutions with bulk potential and both bane
potentials positive exist but are always non-separating and have a non-static
orbifold. It turns out that, for this class of backgrounds, a transition to the
flat vacuum state during inflation is effectively prevented by the rapidly
expanding orbifold. We demonstrate that such a transition can be realized for
solutions where one boundary potential is negative. For this case, we present
two concrete inflationary models which exhibit the transition explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76930 </DOCNO>
Isospin violation in low-energy charged pion-kaon scattering


  We evaluate the isospin breaking corrections to the scattering amplitude
\pi^- K^+ -> \pi^- K^+ at threshold in the framework of chiral perturbation
theory. This channel is of particular interest for the strong 2S-2P energy
level shift in pion-kaon bound states. While a prediction of this level shift
is hampered by a large uncertainty in the isoscalar scattering length, we find
only a moderate uncertainty of about 3% in the electromagnetic corrections
which are relevant for the extraction of the scattering lengths from experiment

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41640 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Violating Process in Degenerate and Inverse-Hierarchical


  We have investigated the lepton flavor violation in the supersymmetric
framework assuming the large mixing angle MSW solution with the
quasi-degenerate and the inverse-hierarchical neutrino masses. In the case of
the quasi-degenerate neutrinos, the predicted branching ratio BR$(\mu \to e
\gamma)$ strongly depends on $m_\nu$ and $U_{e3}$. For $U_{e3}\simeq 0.05$ with
$m_\nu \simeq 0.3 \eV$, the prediction is close to the present experimental
upper bound if the right-handed Majorana neutrino masses are degenerate. On the
other hand, the prediction is larger than the experimental upper bound for
$U_{e3}\geq 0.05$ in the case of the inverse-hierarchical neutrino masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3677 </DOCNO>
Quantum field effects in coupled atomic and molecular Bose-Einstein


  This paper examines the parameter regimes in which coupled atomic and
molecular Bose-Einstein condensates do not obey the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
Stochastic field equations for coupled atomic and molecular condensates are
derived using the functional positive-P representation. These equations
describe the full quantum state of the coupled condensates and include the
commonly used Gross-Pitaevskii equation as the noiseless limit. The model
includes all interactions between the particles, background gas losses,
two-body losses and the numerical simulations are performed in three
dimensions. It is found that it is possible to differentiate the quantum and
semiclassical behaviour when the particle density is sufficiently low and the
coupling is sufficiently strong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114195 </DOCNO>
Evidence of Levy stable process in tokamak edge turbulence


  In an effort to understand the fundamental physics of turbulent transport of
particles and heat in a tokamak, the floating potential fluctuations in the the
scrape-off layer plasma of ohmically heated ADITYA tokamak are analysed for
self-similarity using distribution function approach. It is observed that the
distribution function of a sum of n data points converges to a Levy
distribution of scale index, alpha=1.111 for n < 40 and alpha=2.0 for larger n.
In both scaling ranges, the edge fluctuation is self-similar. This observation
is backed by several supporting evidences. The results indicate that the small
scale fluctuations transport matter and heat dominantly by convection whereas
the transport due to large scale flucuations is by a diffusive process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179726 </DOCNO>
Strangeness Production in Microscopic Transport Models


  Strangeness production in microscopic transport models for relativistic
heavy-ion collisions from SIS to RHIC is reviewed: after a brief introduction
into elementary strangeness production processes, the main emphasis is put on
strangeness as indicator of the nuclear equation of state, the excitation
function of the $K^+/\pi^+$ ratio and strangeness as a deconfinement indicator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114358 </DOCNO>
A Study of a Real-Time Operating System on the Intel-Based Vme


  In this paper, we described the performance differences between VME-based
controllers, HP743rt/HP-RT and IA-based platforms. We measured some kind of
real-time benchmarks and discussed a relation of architecture dependences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113802 </DOCNO>
A Component Based Approach to Scientific Workflow Management


  CRISTAL is a distributed scientific workflow system used in the manufacturing
and production phases of HEP experiment construction at CERN. The CRISTAL
project has studied the use of a description driven approach, using meta-
modelling techniques, to manage the evolving needs of a large physics
community. Interest from such diverse communities as bio-informatics and
manufacturing has motivated the CRISTAL team to re-engineer the system to
customize functionality according to end user requirements but maximize
software reuse in the process. The next generation CRISTAL vision is to build a
generic component architecture from which a complete software product line can
be generated according to the particular needs of the target enterprise. This
paper discusses the issues of adopting a component product line based approach
and our experiences of software reuse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126039 </DOCNO>
Experimental Limit to Interstellar 244Pu Abundance


  Short-lived nuclides, now extinct in the solar system, are expected to be
present in the interstellar medium (ISM). Grains of ISM origin were recently
discovered in the inner solar system and at Earth orbit and may accrete onto
Earth after ablation in the atmosphere. A favorable matrix for detection of
such extraterrestrial material is presented by deep open-sea sediments with
very low sedimentation rates (0.8-3 mm/kyr). We report here on the measurement
of Pu isotopic abundances in a 1-kg deep-sea dry sediment collected in 1992 in
the North Pacific. Our measured value of (3+-3)x10^5 244Pu atoms in the
Pu-separated fraction of the sample shows no excess over the expected
stratospheric nuclear fallout content and under reasonable assumptions we
derive a limit of 2x10^-11 g-244Pu/g-ISM for the abundance of 244Pu in ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114108 </DOCNO>
Acoustically induced radiation of a charged particle channeling in a


  We suggest a new type of radiation (acoustically induced radiation - AIR),
which is generated by ultrarelativistic particles channeling in crystal along a
crystal plane (or axis), which is bent by a transverse acoustic wave. The AIR
mechanism allows to make an undulator with characteristics inaccessible in the
undulators based on the motion of particles in the periodic magnetic fields and
also in the field of the laser radiation. The intensity of AIR can easily be
made larger than the intensity of the radiation in a linear crystal and can be
varied in a wide range by varying the frequency and the amplitude of the
acoustic wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6111 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in compressed iron: Role of spin fluctuations


  The recent discovery of superconductivity in hexagonal iron under pressure
poses a question about whether it is of conventional (phonon) or unconventional
(magnetic?) origin. We present first-principles calculations of the
electron-phonon coupling in iron at $P\agt 15$ GPa, and argue that a
conventional mechanism can explain the appearance of superconductivity, but not
its rapid disappearance at $P\agt 30$ GPa. We suggest that spin fluctuations,
ferro- and/or antiferromagnetic, play a crucial role in superconductivity in
this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2639 </DOCNO>
Dilute electron gas near the metal-insulator transition in two


  In recent years systematic experimental studies of the temperature dependence
of the resistivity in a variety of dilute, ultra clean two dimensional
electron/hole systems have revived the fundamental question of localization or,
alternatively, the existence of a metal-insulator transition in the presence of
strong electron-electron interactions in two dimensions. We argue that under
the extreme conditions of ultra clean systems not only is the electron-electron
interaction very strong but the role of other system specific properties are
also enhanced. In particular, we emphasize the role of valleys in determining
the transport properties of the dilute electron gas in silicon inversion layers
(Si-MOSFETs). It is shown that for a high quality sample the temperature
behavior of the resistivity in the region close to the critical region of the
metal-insulator transition is well described by a renormalization group
analysis of the interplay of interaction and disorder if the electron band is
assumed to have two distinct valleys. The decrease in the resistivity up to
five times has been captured in the correct temperature interval by this
analysis, without involving any adjustable parameters. The considerable
variance in the data obtained from different Si-MOSFET samples is attributed to
the sample dependent scattering rate across the two valleys, presenting thereby
with a possible explanation for the absence of universal behavior in Si-MOSFET
samples of different quality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113464 </DOCNO>
Topology and Turbulence


  Over a given regular domain of independent variables {x,y,z,t}, every
covariant vector field of flow can be constructed in terms a differential
1-form of Action. The associated Cartan topology permits the definition of four
basic topological equivalence classes of flows based on the Pfaff dimension of
the 1-form of Action. Potential flows or streamline processes are generated by
an Action 1-form of Pfaff dimension 1 and 2, respectively. Chaotic flows must
be associated with domains of Pfaff dimension 3 or more. Turbulent flows are
associated with domains of Pfaff dimension 4. It will be demonstrated that the
Navier-Stokes equations are related to Action 1-forms of Pfaff dimension 4. The
Cartan Topology is a disconnected topology if the Pfaff dimension is greater
than 2. This fact implies that the creation of turbulence (a state of Pfaff
dimension 4 and a disconnected Cartan topology) from a streamline flow (a state
of Pfaff dimension 2 and a connected topology) can take place only by
discontinuous processes which induce shocks and tangential discontinuities. On
the otherhand, the decay of turbulence can be described by continuous, but
irreversible, processes. Numerical procedures that force continuity of slope
and value cannot in principle describe the creation of turbulence, but such
techniques of forced continuity can be used to describe the decay of
turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98013 </DOCNO>
Ultrafilter spaces on the semilattice of partitions


  The Stone-Cech compactification of the natural numbers bN, or equivalently,
the space of ultrafilters on the subsets of omega, is a well-studied space with
interesting properties. If one replaces the subsets of omega by partitions of
omega, one can define corresponding, non-homeomorphic spaces of partition
ultrafilters. It will be shown that these spaces still have some of the nice
properties of bN, even though none is homeomorphic to bN. Further, in a
particular space, the minimal height of a tree pi-base and P-points are
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1706 </DOCNO>
Structural properties of silicon dioxide thin films densified by


  Classical molecular-dynamics simulations have been carried out to investigate
densification mechanisms in silicon dioxide thin films deposited on an
amorphous silica surface, according to a simplified ion-beam assisted
deposition (IBAD) scenario. We compare the structures resulting from the
deposition of near-thermal (1 eV) SiO$_{2}$ particles to those obtained with
increasing fraction of 30 eV SiO$_{2}$ particles. Our results show that there
is an energy interval - between 12 and 15 eV per condensing SiO$_2$ unit on
average - for which the growth leads to a dense, low-stress amorphous
structure, in satisfactory agreement with the results of low-energy ion-beam
experiments. We also find that the crossover between low- and high-density
films is associated with a tensile to compressive stress transition, and a
simultaneous healing of structural defects of the {\em a-}SiO$_2$ network,
namely three- and four-fold rings. It is observed, finally, that densification
proceeds through significant changes at intermediate length scales (4--10 \AA),
leaving essentially unchanged the ``building blocks'' of the network, viz. the
Si(O$_{1/2}$)$_{4}$ tetrahedra. This latter result is in qualitative agreement
with the mechanism proposed to explain the irreversible densification of
amorphous silica recovered from high pressures ($\sim$ 15--20 GPa).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74415 </DOCNO>
Is there the color-flavor locking in the instanton induced


  By means of the functional integral method we show that in the case of the
quark-antiquark pairing at zero temperature and zero chemical potential (in the
vacuum) the singlet pairing is more preferable than that with the color-flavor
locking (CFL)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76717 </DOCNO>
Pion Propagation near the QCD Chiral Phase Transition


  We point out that, in analogy with spin waves in antiferromagnets, all
parameters describing the real-time propagation of soft pions at temperatures
below the QCD chiral phase transition can be expressed in terms of static
correlators. This allows, in principle, the determination of the soft pion
dispersion relation on the lattice. Using scaling and universality arguments,
we determine the critical behavior of the parameters of pion propagation. We
predict that when the critical temperature is approached from below, the pole
mass of the pion drops despite the growth of the pion screening mass. This fact
is attributed to the decrease of the pion velocity near the phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148477 </DOCNO>
New Complete Non-compact Spin(7) Manifolds


  We construct new explicit metrics on complete non-compact Riemannian
8-manifolds with holonomy Spin(7). One manifold, which we denote by A_8, is
topologically R^8 and another, which we denote by B_8, is the bundle of
chiral spinors over $S^4$. Unlike the previously-known complete non-compact
metric of Spin(7) holonomy, which was also defined on the bundle of chiral
spinors over S^4, our new metrics are asymptotically locally conical (ALC):
near infinity they approach a circle bundle with fibres of constant length over
a cone whose base is the squashed Einstein metric on CP^3. We construct the
covariantly-constant spinor and calibrating 4-form. We also obtain an
L^2-normalisable harmonic 4-form for the A_8 manifold, and two such
4-forms (of opposite dualities) for the B_8 manifold. We use the metrics to
construct new supersymmetric brane solutions in M-theory and string theory. In
particular, we construct resolved fractional M2-branes involving the use of the
L^2 harmonic 4-forms, and show that for each manifold there is a
supersymmetric example. An intriguing feature of the new A_8 and B_8
Spin(7) metrics is that they are actually the same local solution, with
the two different complete manifolds corresponding to taking the radial
coordinate to be either positive or negative. We make a comparison with the
Taub-NUT and Taub-BOLT metrics, which by contrast do not have special holonomy.
In an appendix we construct the general solution of our first-order equations
for Spin(7) holonomy, and obtain further regular metrics that are complete on
manifolds B^+_8 and B^-_8 similar to B_8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168712 </DOCNO>
Lower bounds for quantum communication complexity


  We prove new lower bounds for bounded error quantum communication complexity.
Our methods are based on the Fourier transform of the considered functions.
First we generalize a method for proving classical communication complexity
lower bounds developed by Raz to the quantum case. Applying this method we give
an exponential separation between bounded error quantum communication
complexity and nondeterministic quantum communication complexity. We develop
several other Fourier based lower bound methods, notably showing that
sqrt{bar{s}(f)/log n}, for the average sensitivity bar{s}(f) of a function f,
yields a lower bound on the bounded error quantum communication complexity of
f(x AND y XOR z), where x is a Boolean word held by Alice and y,z are Boolean
words held by Bob. We then prove the first large lower bounds on the bounded
error quantum communication complexity of functions, for which a polynomial
quantum speedup is possible. For all the functions we investigate, the only
previously applied general lower bound method based on discrepancy yields
bounds that are O(log n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124180 </DOCNO>
Einstein, Eddington and the 1919 Eclipse


  The modern era of cosmology began with the publication of Einstein's general
theory of relativity in 1915. The first experimental test of this theory was
Eddington's famous expedition to measure the bending of light at a total solar
eclipse in 1919. So famous is this experiment, and so dramatic was the impact
on Einstein himself, that history tends not to recognize the controversy that
surrounded the results at the time. In this paper I discuss the experiment in
its historical and sociological context and show that it provides valuable
lessons for modern astronomy and cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179121 </DOCNO>
Entrance channel dependence and isospin dependence of preequilibrium


  Using isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamical model, the studies of the
isospin effect on preequilibrium nucleon emission in heavy ion collisions under
different entrance channel conditions show that the ratio of preequilibrium
neutron number to proton number depends strongly on symmetry potential, beam
energy, and the ratio of neutron to proton of the colliding system, but weakly
on isospin dependent in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections, impact
parameter, Pauli potential, and momentum dependent interaction in the energy
region from 45MeV/u up to 150 MeV/u where the dynamics is dominated by
nucleon-nucleon collisions. In addition, the ratio of preequilibrium neutron
number to proton number for a neutron-rich colliding system is larger than the
initial value of the ratio of the colliding system, but the ratio for a
neutron-deficient system is less than the initial value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4097 </DOCNO>
Finite driving rates in interface models of Barkhausen noise


  We consider a single-interface model for the description of Barkhausen noise
in soft ferromagnetic materials. Previously, the model had been used only in
the adiabatic regime of infinitely slow field ramping. We introduce finite
driving rates and analyze the scaling of event sizes and durations for
different regimes of the driving rate. Coexistence of intermittency, with
non-trivial scaling laws, and finite-velocity interface motion is observed for
high enough driving rates. Power spectra show a decay $\sim \omega^{-t}$, with
$t<2$ for finite driving rates, revealing the influence of the internal
structure of avalanches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167954 </DOCNO>
Efficient quantum key distribution scheme with nonmaximally entangled


  We propose an efficient quantum key distribution scheme based on
entanglement. The sender chooses pairs of photons in one of the two equivalent
nonmaximally entangled states randomly, and sends a sequence of photons from
each pair to the receiver. They choose from the various bases independently but
with substantially different probabilities, thus reducing the fraction of
discarded data, and a significant gain in efficiency is achieved. We then show
that such a refined data analysis guarantees the security of our scheme against
a biased eavesdropping strategy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128286 </DOCNO>
L1521E: A Starless Core in the Early Evolutionary Stage ?


  We have studied the physical and chemical properties of a quiescent starless
core L1521E with various molecular lines. It is found that there exists a
compact dense core traced by the H^13CO^+, HN^13C, CCS, and HC_3N lines; their
distributions have a single peak at the same position. The core radius is as
small as 0.031 pc, whereas the H_2 density at the peak position is as high as
(1.3-5.6)times10^5 cm^-3. Although the density is high enough to excite the
inversion transitions of NH_3, these lines are found to be very faint in
L1521E. The distributions of NH_3 and CCS seem to be different from those of
well-studied starless cores, L1498 and L1544, where the distribution of CCS
shows a shell-like structure while that of NH_3 is concentrated at the center
of the core. Abundances of carbon-chain molecules are higher in L1521E than the
other dark cloud cores, and especially those of sulfur-bearing molecules C_nS
are comparable to the cyanopolyyne peak of TMC-1. Our results suggest that
L1521E would be in a very early stage of physical and chemical evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6432 </DOCNO>
Magnetization and dimerization profiles of the cut two-leg spin ladder


  The physical properties of the edge states of the cut two-leg spin ladder are
investigated by means of the bosonization approach. By carefully treating
boundary conditions, we derive the existence of spin-1/2 edge states in the
spin ladder with a ferromagnetic rung exchange and for the open spin-1
Heisenberg chain. In contrast, such states are absent in the antiferromagnetic
rung coupling case. The approach, based on a mapping onto decoupled
semi-infinite off-critical Ising models, allows us to compute several physical
quantities of interest. In particular, we determine the magnetization and
dimerization profiles of the cut two-leg spin ladder and of the open
biquadratic spin-1 chain in the vicinity of the SU(2)$_2$ WZNW critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41643 </DOCNO>
Azimuthal Spin Asymmetries of Pion Electroproduction


  Azimuthal spin asymmetries, both for charged and neutral pion production in
semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering of unpolarized charged lepton beams on
longitudinally and transversely polarized nucleon targets, are analyzed and
calculated. Various assumptions and approximations in the quark distributions
and fragmentation functions often used in these calculations are studied in
detail. It is found that different approaches to the distribution and
fragmentation functions may lead to quite different predictions on the
azimuthal asymmetries measured in the HERMES experiments, thus their effects
should be taken into account before using the available data as a measurement
of quark transversity distributions. It is also found that the unfavored quark
to pion fragmentation functions must be taken into account for $\pi^-$
production from a proton target, although they can be neglected for $\pi^+$ and
$\pi^0$ production. Pion production from a proton target is suitable to study
the $u$ quark transversity distribution, whereas a combination of pion
production from both proton and neutron targets can measure the flavor
structure of quark transversity distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168229 </DOCNO>
Single-particle nonlocality and entanglement with the vacuum


  We propose a single-particle experiment that is equivalent to the
conventional two-particle experiment used to demonstrate a violation of Bell's
inequalities. Hence, we argue that quantum mechanical nonlocality can be
demonstrated by single-particle states. The validity of such a claim has been
discussed in the literature, but without reaching a clear consensus. We show
that the disagreement can be traced to what part of the total state of the
experiment one assigns to the (macroscopic) measurement apparatus. However,
with a conventional and legitimate interpretation of the measurement process
one is led to the conclusion that even a single particle can show nonlocal
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97878 </DOCNO>
Augmental Homology and the Kynneth Formula for Joins


  The "simplicial complexes" and "join" (*) today used within combinatorics
aren't the classical concepts, cf. Spanier (1966) p. 108-9, but, exept for
\emptyset, complexes having {\emptyset} as a subcomplex resp. \Sigma1 * \Sigma2
:= {\sigma1 \cup \sigma2 | \sigmai \in \Sigmai} implying a tacit change of unit
element w.r.t. the join operation, from \emptyset to {\emptyset}. Extending the
classical realization functor to this category of simplicial complexes we end
up with a "restricted" category of topological spaces, "containing" the
classical and where the classical (co)homology theory, as well as the ad-hoc
invented reduced versions, automatically becomes obsolete, in favor of a
unifying and more algebraically efficient theory.
  This very modest category modification greatly improves the interaction
between algebra and topology. E.g. it makes it possible to calculate the
homology groups of a topological pair-join, expressed in the relative factor
groups, leading up to a truly simple boundary formula for joins of manifolds:
Bd(X1 * X2) = ((BdX1 * X2) \cup (X1 * BdX2)), the product counterpart of which
is true also classically. It is also easily seen that no finite simplicial
n-manifold has an (n-2)-dimensional boundary, cf. Cor. 1 p. 26, and that
simplicial homology manifolds with the integers as koefficient module are all
locally orientable, cf. Cor. 2 p. 29.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96708 </DOCNO>
Multi-Resolution Analysis and Fractional Quantum Hall Effect: an


  In this paper we prove that any multi-resolution analysis of $\Lc^2(\R)$
produces, for some values of the filling factor, a single-electron wave
function of the lowest Landau level (LLL) which, together with its (magnetic)
translated, gives rise to an orthonormal set in the LLL. We also give the
inverse construction. Moreover, we extend this procedure to the higher Landau
levels and we discuss the analogies and the differences between this procedure
and the one previously proposed by J.-P. Antoine and the author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76291 </DOCNO>
Time-dependent correlations of inflationary perturbations


  We show that if the primordial classical perturbations were generated by the
gravitational particle creation during inflation, and followed by an evolution
of quantum-to-classical transition,the time dependent correlation of these
perturbations is long-tailed with a correlation time larger than the
Hubble-time. Consequently, the inflationary perturbations are locally
scale-scale correlated. Hence, the interaction of the fields during inflation
can be explored via the detection of the local scale-scale correlation of the
CMB fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95464 </DOCNO>
Spectral Properties of Wick Power Series of a Free Field with an


  The properties of infinite series in the Wick powers of a free field whose
two-point correlation function has a singular infrared behavior and does not
satisfy the positivity condition are investigated. If these series are defined
on an appropriate functional domain, then the fields to which they converge
satisfy all conditions of the pseudo-Wightman formalism. For series convergent
only on analytic test functions in the momentum representation, the spectral
condition is formulated using the previously introduced notion of a carrier
cone of an analytic functional. A suitable generalization of the
Paley-Wiener-Schwartz theorem is used to prove that this condition is
satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72920 </DOCNO>
Dispersion Relations and Sum Rules for the pi ->gamma gamma* and gamma*


  Sum rules for the off-shell isovector form factor pi -> gamma gamma* are
given in terms of the pion form factor and the gamma pi ->pi pi experimental
data. Similarly the corresponding sum rules for the isoscalar form factor are
given in terms of the experimental photon-3 pi form factor and the gamma pi ->
3 pi amplitude. For some set of parameters, e.g. rho -> pi gamma width = 90
KeV, the pi -> gamma gamma rate and the slope parameter of the decay pi ->
gamma e plus e minus are in good agreement with the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124197 </DOCNO>
Microlensing by Stellar Black Holes Around Sgr A*


  We show that at any given time, the Galactocentric black hole Sgr A* is
expected to be microlensing N(lens)=1.7 bulge stars if the threshold of
detectability of the fainter image is K(thr)=21, and about N(lens)=8 sources if
K(thr)=23. The lensed images then provide a unique way to detect stellar-mass
black holes predicted to cluster around Sgr A*. If a black hole passes close to
a microlensed image, it will give rise to a short (weeks long) microlensing
event. We show that the mass and projected velocity of the stellar-mass black
hole can both be measured unambiguously from such an event, provided that
either a caustic crossing is observed or the astrometric displacement is
measured. For K(thr)=23 and moderate magnifications by Sgr A*, the microlensing
event rate from a cluster of 20000 black holes within a radius of 0.7 pc is
only 0.06 events per year; however, if highly magnified images of a star were
found, the rate of events by the stellar black holes would be much higher. In
addition, the N(lens) sources lensed by Sgr A* provide a unique probe of
extinction behind the Galactic center along 2N(lens) lines of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114286 </DOCNO>
A Control System of the Joint-Project Accelerator Complex


  The current status of the control system for a new high intensity proton
accelerator, the JAERI-KEK Joint Project, is presented. The Phase 1 of the
Joint-Project has been approved and recently started its construction at JAERI
site at Tokai. The first beam commissioning is scheduled in 2006. In parallel
with it, a 60-MeV Linac is now being constructed at KEK site at Tsukuba for R&D
purpose. Recently the Project has officially decided to use the Experimental
Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). Under the EPICS environment, we
are challenging to implement the Ethernet/IP network for all communication,
even at the level of end-point controllers which are so far connected via a
field bus. In order to realize such a system, three new controllers (PLCs,
WE7000 stations and general-purpose Ethernet boards) are being developed. A
prototype EPICS driver for the PLCs works fine and is used to control the
ion-source at the KEK Linac.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3448 </DOCNO>
Off-equilibrium dynamics in the energy landscape of a simple model glass


  The aging dynamics of a simple model glass is numerically investigated
observing how it takes place in the potential energy landscape $V$.
Partitioning the landscape in basins of minima of $|\nabla V|^2$, we are able
to elucidate some interesting topological properties of the aging process. The
main result is the characterization of the long time behavior as a jump
dynamics between basins of attraction of minima. Moreover we extract some
information about the landscape itself, determining quantitatively few
parameters describing it, such as the mean energy barrier value and the mean
square distance between adjacent minima.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73524 </DOCNO>
A fast and precise method to solve the Altarelli-Parisi equations in x


  A numerical method to solve linear integro-differential equations is
presented. This method has been used to solve the QCD Altarelli-Parisi
evolution equations within the H1 Collaboration at DESY-Hamburg. Mathematical
aspects and numerical approximations are described. The precision of the method
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5855 </DOCNO>
Jahn-Teller Anharmonic Coupling for an Octahedral System


  The coupling between doubly degenerate electronic states and doubly
degenerate vibrations is analysed for an octahedral system on the basis of the
introduction of an anharmonic Morse potential for the vibronic part. The
vibrations are described by anharmonic coherent states and their linear
coupling with the electronic states is considered. The matrix elements of the
vibronic interaction are builded and the energy levels corresponding to the
interaction Hamiltonian are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126824 </DOCNO>
Controlling the False Discovery Rate in Astrophysical Data Analysis


  The False Discovery Rate (FDR) is a new statistical procedure to control the
number of mistakes made when performing multiple hypothesis tests, i.e. when
comparing many data against a given model hypothesis. The key advantage of FDR
is that it allows one to a priori control the average fraction of false
rejections made (when comparing to the null hypothesis) over the total number
of rejections performed. We compare FDR to the standard procedure of rejecting
all tests that do not match the null hypothesis above some arbitrarily chosen
confidence limit, e.g. 2 sigma, or at the 95% confidence level. When using FDR,
we find a similar rate of correct detections, but with significantly fewer
false detections. Moreover, the FDR procedure is quick and easy to compute and
can be trivially adapted to work with correlated data. The purpose of this
paper is to introduce the FDR procedure to the astrophysics community. We
illustrate the power of FDR through several astronomical examples, including
the detection of features against a smooth one-dimensional function, e.g.
seeing the ``baryon wiggles'' in a power spectrum of matter fluctuations, and
source pixel detection in imaging data. In this era of large datasets and high
precision measurements, FDR provides the means to adaptively control a
scientifically meaningful quantity -- the number of false discoveries made when
conducting multiple hypothesis tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2497 </DOCNO>
Interface roughening in Hele--Shaw flows with quenched disorder:


  We study the forced fluid invasion of an air-filled model porous medium at
constant flow rate, in 1+1 dimensions, both experimentally and theoretically.
We focus on the non-local character of the interface dynamics, due to liquid
conservation, and its effect on the scaling properties of the interface upon
roughening. Specifically, we study the limit of large flow rates and weak
capillary forces. Our theory predicts a roughening behaviour characterized at
short times by a growth exponent $\beta_1 = 5/6$, a roughness exponent
$\alpha_1=5/2$, and a dynamic exponent $z_1=3$, and by $\beta_2=1/2$,
$\alpha_2=1/2$, and $z_2=1$ at long times, before saturation. This theoretical
prediction is in good agreement with the experiments at long times.The ensemble
of experiments, theory, and simulations provides evidence for a new
universality class of interface roughening in 1+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4835 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of a Disordered Boson Hubbard Model in Two Dimensions


  We study the zero-temperature phase transition of a two-dimensional
disordered boson Hubbard model. The phase diagram of this model is constructed
in terms of the disorder strength and the chemical potential. Via quantum Monte
Carlo simulations, we find a multicritical line separating the weak-disorder
regime, where a random potential is irrelevant, from the strong-disorder
regime. In the weak-disorder regime, the Mott-insulator-to-superfluid
transition occurs, while, in the strong-disorder regime, the
Bose-glass-to-superfluid transition occurs. On the multicritical line, the
insulator-to-superfluid transition has the dynamical critical exponent $z=1.35
\pm 0.05$ and the correlation length critical exponent $\nu=0.67 \pm 0.03$,
that are different from the values for the transitions off the line. We suggest
that the proliferation of the particle-hole pairs screens out the weak disorder
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124333 </DOCNO>
A Determination of the Local Density of White Dwarf Stars


  The most recent version of the Catalog of Spectroscopically Identified White
Dwarfs lists 2249 white dwarf stars. Among these stars are 118 white dwarfs
that have either reliable trigonometric parallaxes or color-based distance
moduli which place them at a distance within 20 pc of the Sun. Most of these
nearby white dwarfs are isolated stars, but 35 (30 % of the sample) are in
binary systems, including such well known systems as Sirius A/B, and Procyon
A/B. There are also three double degenerate systems in this sample of the local
white dwarf population. The sample of local white dwarfs is largely complete
out to 13 pc and the local density of white dwarf stars is found to be (5.5 +/-
0.8) x 10^-3 pc^-3 with a corresponding mass density of (3.7 +/- 0.5) x10^-3 M
pc^-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1067 </DOCNO>
Susceptibility and Percolation in 2D Random Field Ising Magnets


  The ground state structure of the two-dimensional random field Ising magnet
is studied using exact numerical calculations. First we show that the
ferromagnetism, which exists for small system sizes, vanishes with a large
excitation at a random field strength dependent length scale. This {\it
break-up length scale} $L_b$ scales exponentially with the squared random
field, $\exp(A/\Delta^2)$. By adding an external field $H$ we then study the
susceptibility in the ground state. If $L>L_b$, domains melt continuously and
the magnetization has a smooth behavior, independent of system size, and the
susceptibility decays as $L^{-2}$. We define a random field strength dependent
critical external field value $\pm H_c(\Delta)$, for the up and down spins to
form a percolation type of spanning cluster. The percolation transition is in
the standard short-range correlated percolation universality class. The mass of
the spanning cluster increases with decreasing $\Delta$ and the critical
external field approaches zero for vanishing random field strength, implying
the critical field scaling (for Gaussian disorder) $H_c \sim (\Delta
-\Delta_c)^\delta$, where $\Delta_c = 1.65 \pm 0.05$ and $\delta=2.05\pm 0.10$.
Below $\Delta_c$ the systems should percolate even when H=0. This implies that
even for H=0 above $L_b$ the domains can be fractal at low random fields, such
that the largest domain spans the system at low random field strength values
and its mass has the fractal dimension of standard percolation $D_f = 91/48$.
The structure of the spanning clusters is studied by defining {\it red
clusters}, in analogy to the ``red sites'' of ordinary site-percolation. The
size of red clusters defines an extra length scale, independent of $L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127416 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation History of LGS 3


  We have determined the distance and star formation history of the Local Group
dwarf galaxy LGS 3 from deep Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 observations. LGS 3
is intriguing because ground-based observations showed that, while its stellar
population is dominated by old, metal-poor stars, there is a handful of young,
blue stars. Also, the presence of HI gas makes this a possible ``transition
object'' between dwarf spheroidal and dwarf irregular galaxies. The HST data
are deep enough to detect the horizontal branch and young main sequence for the
first time. A new distance of D=620+/-20 kpc has been measured from the
positions of the TRGB, the red clump, and the horizontal branch. The mean
metallicity of the stars older than 8 Gyr is Fe/H = -1.5 +/- 0.3. The most
recent generation of stars has Fe/H ~ -1. For the first few Gyr the global star
formation rate was several times higher than the historical average and has
been fairly constant since then. However, we do see significant changes in
stellar populations and star formation history with radial position in the
galaxy. Most of the young stars are found in the central 63 pc (21''), where
the star formation rate has been relatively constant, while the outer parts
have had a declining star formation rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124954 </DOCNO>
NICS-TNG low-resolution 0.85-2.45um spectra of L-Dwarfs: a near-infrared


  We present complete near-infrared (0.85-2.45 um), low-resolution (~100)
spectra of a sample of 26 disk L-dwarfs with reliable optical spectral type
classification. The observations have been obtained with NICS at the TNG using
a prism-based optical element (the Amici device) that provides a complete
spectrum of the source on the detector. Our observations show that
low-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to determine the spectral
classification of L-dwarfs in a fast but accurate way. We present a library of
spectra that can be used as templates for spectral classification of faint
dwarfs. We also discuss a set of near-infrared spectral indices well correlated
with the optical spectral types that can be used to accurately classify
L-dwarfs earlier than L6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124730 </DOCNO>
GRB010222: afterglow emission from a rapidly decelerating shock


  The GRB010222 optical and near-infrared (NIR) afterglow was monitored at the
TNG and other Italian telescopes starting ~1 day after the high-energy prompt
event. The optical BVR light curves, which are the best sampled, are
continuously steepening, and can be described by two power laws, f(t) =
t^(-alpha), of indices alpha_1 ~ 0.7 and alpha_2 ~ 1.3 before and after a break
occurring at about 0.5 days after the GRB start time, respectively. This model
accounts well also for the flux in the U, I and J bands, which are less well
monitored. The temporal break appears to be achromatic. The two K-band points
are not consistent with the above behaviour, and rather suggest a constant
trend. A low-resolution optical spectrum has also been taken with TNG. In the
optical spectrum we found three absorption systems at different redshifts
(0.927, 1.155 and 1.475), the highest of which represents a lower limit to, and
probably coincides with, the redshift of this GRB. The broad-band optical
spectral energy distributions do not appear to vary with time, consistently
with the achromatic behaviour of the light curves. We compare our measurements
with different afterglow evolution scenarios and we find that they favor a
transition from relativistic to non-relativistic conditions in the shock
propagation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128629 </DOCNO>
Infrared Light Curves of Mira Variable Stars from COBE DIRBE Data


  We have used the COBE DIRBE database to derive near- and mid-infrared light
curves for a well-defined sample of 38 infrared-bright Mira variable stars, and
compared with optical data from the AAVSO. In general, the 3.5 micron and 4.9
micron DIRBE bandpasses provide the best S/N light curves, with S/N decreasing
with wavelength at longer wavelengths. At 25 microns, good light curves are
only available for ~10 percent of our stars, and at wavelengths >= 60 microns,
extracting high quality light curves is not possible. The amplitude of
variability is typically less in the near-infrared than in the optical, and
less in the mid-infrared than in the near-infrared, with decreasing amplitude
with increasing wavelength. On average, there are 0.20 +/- 0.01 magnitudes
variation at 1.25 microns and 0.14 +/- 0.01 magnitudes variation at 4.9 micron
for each magnitude variation in V. The observed amplitudes are consistent with
results of recent theoretical models of circumstellar dust shells around Mira
variables. For a few stars in our sample, we find clear evidence of time lags
between the optical and maxima of phase ~ 0.05 - 0.13, with no lags in the
minima. For three stars, mid-infrared maximum appears to occur slightly before
that in the near-infrared,but after optical maximum. We find three examples of
secondary maxima in the rising portions of the DIRBE light curves, all of which
have optical counterparts in the AAVSO data, supporting the hypothesis that
they are due to shocks rather than newly-formed dust layers. We find no
conclusive evidence for rapid (hours to days) variations in the infrared
brightnesses of these stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98344 </DOCNO>
The statistics of the trajectory in a certain billiard in a flat


  We study a billiard in a modified square with pockets of small size
$\epsilon$. The length, respectively the number of reflections in the side
cushions, of the trajectory that originates at one corner under angle $\theta$
is denoted by $l_\epsilon (\theta)$, respectively by $R_\epsilon (\theta)$. We
prove that the probability measures associated with the random variables
$\epsilon l_\epsilon (\theta)$ and $\epsilon R_\epsilon (\theta)$ are
convergent as $\epsilon$ tends to zero and provide explicit formulas for the
limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126063 </DOCNO>
The X-ray properties of the low-redshift quasar MRC 2251-178 and its


  MR 2251-178 was the first quasar initially discovered in X-rays, and the
first one found to host a warm absorber. Despite its many outstanding
multi-wavelength properties, MR 2251-178 has not yet been studied in detail
with recent X-ray observatories. Here, we present results from an analysis of
the X-ray spectral, temporal, and spatial properties of this source and its
environment based on deep observations carried out with the X-ray satellite
{\sl ROSAT}. The derived mean soft X-ray luminosity of MR 2251-178, ~10^{45}
erg/s, places the quasar among the most X-ray luminous AGN in the local
universe.
 The complete results of this study appeared in A&A 367, 801 (see
http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/~skomossa/).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125658 </DOCNO>
N-Body Code with Adaptive Mesh Refinement


  We have developed a simulation code with the techniques which enhance both
spatial and time resolution of the PM method for which the spatial resolution
is restricted by the spacing of structured mesh. The adaptive mesh refinement
(AMR) technique subdivides the cells which satisfy the refinement criterion
recursively. The hierarchical meshes are maintained by the special data
structure and are modified in accordance with the change of particle
distribution. In general, as the resolution of the simulation increases, its
time step must be shortened and more computational time is required to complete
the simulation. Since the AMR enhances the spatial resolution locally, we
reduce the time step locally also, instead of shortening it globally. For this
purpose we used a technique of hierarchical time steps (HTS) which changes the
time step, from particle to particle, depending on the size of the cell in
which particles reside. Some test calculations show that our implementation of
AMR and HTS is successful. We have performed cosmological simulation runs based
on our code and found that many of halo objects have density profiles which are
well fitted to the universal profile proposed by Navarro, Frenk, & White (1996)
over the entire range of their radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3067 </DOCNO>
Random-Mass Dirac Fermions in an Imaginary Vector Potential (I):


  In this and subsequent papers, one dimensional system of Dirac fermions with
a random-varying mass is studied by the transfer-matrix methods which we
developed recently. We investigate the effects of nonlocal correlation of the
spatial-varying Dirac mass on the delocalization transition. Especially we
numerically calculate both the "typical" and "mean" localization lengths as a
function of energy and the correlation length of the random mass. To this end
we introduce an imaginary vector potential as suggested by Hatano and Nelson
and solve the eigenvalue problem. Numerical calculations are in good agreement
with the results of the analytical calculations. We obtain the relation between
the localization length of states and the correlation length of the random
mass. In subsequent paper, we shall study Dirac fermions with a random mass of
long-ranged correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41368 </DOCNO>
Zeus at HERA II


  The ZEUS detector has been upgraded in a number of areas to prepare for the
physics opportunities of HERA II. These upgrades, and their physics rationale
and promise, are briefly outlined. The measurement of polarisation at HERA II,
and its importance for the HERA II physics programme, is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4702 </DOCNO>
Simulating Physical Phenomena by Quantum Networks


  Physical systems, characterized by an ensemble of interacting elementary
constituents, can be represented and studied by different algebras of
observables or operators. For example, a fully polarized electronic system can
be investigated by means of the algebra generated by the usual fermionic
creation and annihilation operators, or by using the algebra of Pauli
(spin-1/2) operators. The correspondence between the two algebras is given by
the Jordan-Wigner isomorphism. As we previously noted similar one-to-one
mappings enable one to represent any physical system in a quantum computer. In
this paper we evolve and exploit this fundamental concept in quantum
information processing to simulate generic physical phenomena by quantum
networks. We give quantum circuits useful for the efficient evaluation of the
physical properties (e.g, spectrum of observables or relevant correlation
functions) of an arbitrary system with Hamiltonian $H$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4110 </DOCNO>
Mean-field glassy phase of the random field Ising model


  The emergence of glassy behavior of the random field Ising model (RFIM) is
investigated using an extended mean-field theory approach. Using this
formulation, systematic corrections to the standard Bragg-Williams theory can
be incorporated, leading to the appearance of a glassy phase, in agreement with
the results of the self-consistent screening theory of Mezard and Young. Our
approach makes it also possible to obtain information about the low temperature
behavior of this glassy phase, including the emergence of a universal pseudogap
in the local field distribution. In addition, we present results showing that
within our mean-field framework, the hysteresis and avalanche behavior of the
RFIM is characterized by power-law distributions, in close analogy with recent
results obtained for mean-field spin glass models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124198 </DOCNO>
Convection in radiatively inefficient black hole accretion flows


  Recent numerical simulations of radiatively inefficient accretion flows onto
compact objects have shown that convection is a general feature in such flows.
Dissipation of rotational and gravitational energies in the accretion flows
results in inward increase of entropy and development of efficient convective
motions. Convection-dominated accretion flows (CDAFs) have a structure that is
modified significantly in comparison with the canonical advection-dominated and
Bondi-like accretion flows. The flows are characterized by the flattened radial
density profiles, ~R^{-1/2}, and have reduced mass accretion rates. Convection
transports outward a significant amount of the released binding energy of the
accretion flow. We discuss basic dynamical and observational properties of
ADAFs using numerical models and self-similar analytical solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126342 </DOCNO>
Relative space-time transformations in GRBs


  The GRB 991216 and its relevant data acquired from the BATSE experiment and
RXTE and Chandra satellites are used as a prototypical case to test the theory
linking the origin of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) to the process of vacuum
polarization occurring during the formation phase of a black hole endowed with
electromagnetic structure (EMBH). The relative space-time transformation
paradigm (RSTT paradigm) is presented. It relates the observed signals of GRBs
to their past light cones, defining the events on the worldline of the source
essential for the interpretation of the data. Since GRBs present regimes with
unprecedently large Lorentz $\gamma$ factor, also sharply varying with time,
particular attention is given to the constitutive equations relating the four
time variables: the comoving time, the laboratory time, the arrival time at the
detector, duly corrected by the cosmological effects. This paradigm is at the
very foundation of any possible interpretation of the data of GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74251 </DOCNO>
On the Quasiparticle Description of Lattice QCD Thermodynamics


  We propose a novel quasiparticle interpretation of the equation of state of
deconfined QCD at finite temperature. Using appropriate thermal masses, we
introduce a phenomenological parametrization of the onset of confinement in the
vicinity of the predicted phase transition. Lattice results of the energy
density, the pressure and the interaction measure of pure SU(3) gauge theory
are excellently reproduced. We find a relationship between the thermal energy
density of the Yang-Mills vacuum and the chromomagnetic condensate <B^2>_T.
Finally, an extension to QCD with dynamical quarks is discussed. Good agreement
with lattice data for 2, 2+1 and 3 flavour QCD is obtained. We also present the
QCD equation of state for realistic quark masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129030 </DOCNO>
The cosmic microwave background radiation temperature at z = 3.025


  From the analysis of the CII fine-structure population ratio in the damped
Ly_alpha system at z = 3.025 toward the quasar Q0347--3819 we derive an upper
bound of 14.6 (+/- 0.2) K on the cosmic microwave background temperature
regardless the presence of other different excitation mechanisms. The analysis
of the ground state rotational level populations of H_2 detected in the system
reveals a Galactic-type UV radiation field ruling out UV pumping as an
important excitation mechanism for CII. The low dust content estimated from the
Cr/Zn ratio indicates that the IR dust emission can also be neglected. When the
collisional excitation is considered, we measure a temperature for the cosmic
background radiation of T = 12.1 (+1.7, -3.2) K. The results are in agreement
with the T = 10.968 (+/-) 0.004 K predicted by the hot Big Bang cosmology at z
= 3.025.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3414 </DOCNO>
Antiferro-quadrupole Ordering of CeB$_6$ Studied by Resonant X-ray


  Under zero magnetic field, a quadrupolar order parameter at q_Q=(1/2,1/2,1/2)
in a typical antiferro-quadrupole (AFQ) ordering compound CeB6 has been
observed for the first time by means of a resonant X-ray scattering (RXS) te\
chnique. The RXS is observed at the 2p->5d dipole transition energy of the Ce
L3-edge. Using this RXS technique to observe the pure order parameter of the
AFQ state, the magnetic phase diagram of Phase II is first determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5036 </DOCNO>
A rapidity-independent parameter in the star-triangle relation


  The normalization factor in the star-triangle relation can be evaluated in a
simple form by taking determinants. If we combine this with the rotation
symmetries, then we can show that a certain simple quantity $I$ has to be
independent of the rapidities. In this sense it is an invariant. We evaluate it
for several particular models and find it is one for self-dual models, and is
related to the modulus $k$ (or $k'$) for the Ising, Kashiwara-Miwa and chiral
Potts models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74937 </DOCNO>
SN1A data and the CMB of Modified Curvature at short and long distances


  The SN1a data, although inconclusive, when combined with other observations
makes a strong case that our universe is presently dominated by dark energy. We
investigate the possibility that large distance modifications of the curvature
of the universe would perhaps offer an alternative explanation of the
observation. Our calculations indicate that a universe made up of no dark
energy but instead, with a modified curvature at large scales, is not
scale-invariant, therefore quite likely it is ruled out by the CMB
observations. The sensitivity of the CMB spectrum is checked for the whole
range of mode modifications of large or short distance physics. The spectrum is
robust against modifications of short-distance physics and the UV cutoff when:
the initial state is the adiabatic vacuum, and the inflationary background
space is de Sitter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2795 </DOCNO>
Quantum Dot Cavity-QED in the Presence of Strong Electron-Phonon


  A quantum dot strongly coupled to a single high finesse optical microcavity
mode constitutes a new fundamental system for quantum optics. Here, the effect
of exciton-phonon interactions on reversible quantum-dot cavity coupling is
analysed without making Born-Markov approximation. The analysis is based on
techniques that have been used to study the ``spin boson'' Hamiltonian.
Observability of vacuum-Rabi splitting depends on the strength and the
frequency dependence of the spectral density function characterizing the
interactions with phonons, both of which can be influenced by phonon
confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6311 </DOCNO>
What the resonance peak cannot do


  In certain cuprates, a spin 1 resonance mode is prominent in the magnetic
structure measured by neutron scattering. It has been proposed that this mode
is responsible for significant features seen in other spectroscopies, such as
photoemission and optical absorption, which are sensitive to the charge
dynamics, and even that this mode is the boson responsibile for ``mediating''
the superconducting pairing. We show that its small (measured) intensity and
weak coupling to electron-hole pairs (as deduced from the measured lifetime)
disqualifies the resonant mode from either proposed role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95688 </DOCNO>
$Z_2\times Z_2$ Lattice as a Connes-Lott-Quantum Group Model


  We apply quantum group methods for noncommutative geometry to the $Z_2\times
Z_2$ lattice to obtain a natural Dirac operator on this discrete space. This
then leads to an interpretation of the Higgs fields as the discrete part of
spacetime in the Connes-Lott formalism for elementary particle Lagrangians. The
model provides a setting where both the quantum groups and the Connes approach
to noncommutative geometry can be usefully combined, with some of Connes'
axioms, notably the first-order condition, replaced by algebraic methods based
on the group structure. The noncommutative geometry has nontrivial cohomology
and moduli of flat connections, both of which we compute.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179427 </DOCNO>
Quark effects and isospin-violation in ${}1S_0$ NN scattering


  We present the results of the effects of various mechanisms on the quark
level, including QED-QCD interference effect, on isospin violation in ${}1S_0$
NN scatterings with the new sets of strength parameters obtained by fitting to
mass splittings in the baryon isomultiplets listed in the most recent PDG
compilation. We also give the matrix elements of the various potential
operators which would be useful to study of these charge dependent effects in
finite nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129138 </DOCNO>
Seismic Test of Solar Models, Solar Neutrinos and Implications for


  The Sun is believed to have been the recipient of a substantial amount of
metal-rich material over the course of its evolution, particularly in the early
stages of the Solar System. With a long diffusion timescale, the majority of
this accreted matter should still exist in the solar convection zone, enhancing
its observed surface abundance, and implying a lower-abundance core. While
helioseismology rules out solar models with near-zero metallicity cores, some
solar models with enhanced metallicity in the convection zone might be viable,
as small perturbations to the standard model. Because of the reduced interior
opacity and core temperature, the neutrino flux predicted for such models is
lower than that predicted by the standard solar model. This paper examines how
compatible inhomogeneous solar models of this kind are with the observed low-l
p-mode oscillation data, and with the solar neutrino data from the SNO
Collaboration. We set an upper limit on how much metal-rich accretion took
place during the early evolution of the Sun at about 2 Earth masses of iron (or
about 40 Earth masses of meteoric material).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5309 </DOCNO>
Pseudogap and the Fermi surface in the t-J model


  We calculate spectral functions within the t-J model as relevant to cuprates
in the regime from low to optimum doping. On the basis of equations of motion
for projected operators an effective spin-fermion coupling is derived. The self
energy due to short-wavelength transverse spin fluctuations is shown to lead to
a modified selfconsistent Born approximation, which can explain strong
asymmetry between hole and electron quasiparticles. The coupling to
long-wavelength longitudinal spin fluctuations governs the low-frequency
behavior and results in a pseudogap behavior, which at low doping effectively
truncates the Fermi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95679 </DOCNO>
Resultants and Moving Surfaces


  We prove a conjectured relationship among resultants and the determinants
arising in the formulation of the method of moving surfaces for computing the
implicit equation of rational surfaces formulated by Sederberg. In addition, we
extend the validity of this method to the case of not properly parametrized
surfaces without base points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125590 </DOCNO>
An optical and near IR study of the old open cluster NGC 2141


  We report on CCD optical (B and V passbands) and near IR (J and K bands)
observations in the region of the old open cluster NGC 2141. By combining the
two sets of photometry (500 stars in common) we derive new estimates of the
cluster fundamental parameters. We confirm that the cluster is 2.5 Gyrs old,
but, with respect to previous investigations, we obtain a slightly larger
reddening (E(B-V)=0.40), and a slightly shorter distance (3.8 kpc) from the
Sun. Finally we present Luminosity Function (LF) in the V band, which is
another age indicator. We provide a good fit for the age range inferred from
isochrones by assuming the Kroupa et al. (1993) IMF up to $M_V$=5.0. We
interpret the disagreemt at fainter magnitudes as an evidence of mass
segregation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148135 </DOCNO>
Particle creation by moving spherical shell in the dynamical Casimir


  The creation of massless scalar particles from the quantum vacuum by
spherical shell with time varying radius is studied. In the general case of
motion the equations are derived for the instantaneous basis expansion
coefficients. The examples are considered when the mean number of particles can
be explicitly evaluated in the adiabatic approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86652 </DOCNO>
Weak and Strong Lensing Statistics


  After a brief introduction to gravitational lensing theory, a rough overview
of the types of gravitational lensing statistics that have been performed so
far will be given. I shall then concentrate on recent results of galaxy-galaxy
lensing, which indicate that galactic halos extend much further than can be
probed via rotation of stars and gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128058 </DOCNO>
Measuring Black Hole Masses Using Ionized Gas Kinematics


  We describe techniques for measuring the central masses of galaxies using
emission-line kinematics observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. For accurate
results, it is necessary to model various instrumental effects, particularly
the blurring due to the telescope PSF and the width of the spectroscopic
aperture. Observations of nuclear gas disks often reveal substantial internal
velocity dispersions in the gas, suggesting that the disks may be partially
pressure-supported. We also describe a technique for fitting 2-dimensional
spectroscopic data directly in pixel space. This method may be useful for
objects such as M84 that show highly complex and asymmetric line profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74468 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Solutions on Compactified AdS_5 with a Thermal Bulk


  This paper is an investigation of the effects of a thermal bulk fluid in
brane world models compactified on AdS_5. Our primary purpose is to study how
such a fluid changes the bulk dynamics and to compare these effects with those
generated by matter localized to the branes. We find an exact cosmological
solution for a thermally excited massless bulk field, as well as perturbative
solutions with matter on the brane and in the bulk. We then perturb around
these solutions to find solutions for a massive bulk mode in the limit where
the bulk mass (m_B) is small compared to the AdS curvature scale and T< m_B. We
find that without a stabilizing potential there are no physical solutions for a
thermal bulk fluid. We then include a stabilizing potential and calculate the
shift in the radion as well as the time dependence of the weak scale as a
function of the bulk mass. It is shown that, as opposed to a brane fluid, the
bulk fluid contribution to the bulk dynamics is controlled by the bulk mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75309 </DOCNO>
Quark-gluonium content of the scalar-isoscalar states f_0(980),


  On the basis of the decay couplings f_0 -> \pi\pi, K\bar K, \eta\eta,
\eta\eta', which had been found before, in the study of analytical
(IJ^{PC}=00^{++})-amplitude in the mass range 450-1900 MeV, we analyse the
quark-gluonium content of resonances f_0(980), f_0(1300), f_0(1500), f_0(1750)
and the broad state f_0(1420 ^{+ 150}_{-70}). The K-matrix technique used in
the analysis makes it possible to evaluate the quark-gluonium content both for
the states with switched-off decay channels (bare states, f^{bare}_0) and the
real resonances. We observe significant change of the quark-gluonium
composition in the evolution from bare states to real resonances, that is due
to the mixing of states in the transitions f_0(m_1)-> real mesons-> f_0(m_2)
responsible for the decay processes as well. For the f_0(980), the analysis
confirmed the dominance of q\bar q component thus proving the n\bar n/s\bar s
composition found in the study of the radiative decays. For the mesons
f_0(1300), f_0(1500) and f_0(1750), the hadronic decays do not allow one to
determine uniquely the n\bar n, s\bar s and gluonium components providing
relative pecentage only. The analysis shows that the broad state f_0(1420 ^{+
150}_{-70}) can mix with the flavour singlet q\bar q component only, that is
consistent with gluonium origin of the broad resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83575 </DOCNO>
Finite-State Phonology: Proceedings of the 5th Workshop of the ACL


  Home page of the workshop proceedings, with pointers to the individually
archived papers. Includes front matter from the printed version of the
proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169122 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computation Based on Magic-Angle-Spinning Solid State Nuclear


  Magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy is shown to be a promising technique for implementing quantum
computing. The theory underlying the principles of quantum computing with
nuclear spin systems undergoing MAS is formulated in the framework of
formalized quantum Floquet theory. The procedures for realizing state labeling,
state transformation and coherence selection in Floquet space are given. It
suggests that by this method, the largest number of qubits can easily surpass
that achievable with other techniques. Unlike other modalities proposed for
quantum computing, this method enables one to adjust the dimension of the
working state space, meaning the number of qubits can be readily varied. The
universality of quantum computing in Floquet space with solid state NMR is
discussed and a demonstrative experimental implementation of Grover's search is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179452 </DOCNO>
The mean energy, strength and width of triple giant dipole resonances


  We investigate the mean energy, strength and width of the triple giant dipole
resonance using sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41734 </DOCNO>
Test of exotic scalar and tensor interactions in K_e3 decay using


  The form factors of the decay K+ --> pi0 e+ nu (K_e3) have been determined
from the comparison of the experimental and Monte Carlo Dalitz distributions
containing about 10^5 K_e3 events. The following values of the parameters were
obtained: lambda_+ = 0.0278 +- 0.0017(stat) +- 0.0015(syst), f_S/f_+(0) =
0.0040 +- 0.0160(stat) +- 0.0067(syst) and f_T/f_+(0) = 0.019 +- 0.080(stat) +-
0.038(syst). Both scalar f_S and tensor f_T form factors are consistent with
the Standard Model predictions of zero values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128597 </DOCNO>
Determination of proper motions and membership of the open star cluster


  Absolute proper motions, their corresponding errors and membership
probabilities of 501 stars in the intermediate-age open cluster NGC2548 region
are determined from MAMA measurements of 10 photographic plates. The plates
have the maximum epoch difference of 82 years and they were taken with the
double astrograph at Zo-Se station of Shanghai Observatory, which has an
aperture of 40 cm and a plate scale of 30"/mm. The average proper motion
precision is 1.18 mas/yr. These proper motions are used to determine the
membership probabilities of stars in the region. The number of stars with
membership probabilities higher than 0.7 is 165.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129215 </DOCNO>
Coronal outflow dominated accretion discs: a new possibility for low


  The spectral energy distributions of galactic black holes in the low/hard
state and of low-luminosity AGN possess many common features, the most
prominent being: compact, flat (or inverted) spectrum radio cores with high
brightness temperatures; excess red and infrared emission, often correlated
with the radio flux; an extremely weak (or absent) quasi-thermal hump and a
hard X-ray power-law with high energy cut-off. These sources are thought to be
accreting at low rates and advection (or convection) dominated accretion flows
are usually considered the best candidates to explain them. Here we present an
alternative possibility, involving strong, unbound, magnetic coronae generated
by geometrically thin, optically thick accretion discs at low accretion rates.
First we show that, if angular momentum transport in the disc is due to
magnetic turbulent stresses, the magnetic energy density and effective viscous
stresses inside the disc are proportional to the geometric mean of the total
(gas plus radiation) and gas pressure. Therefore the corona is less powerful in
a radiation pressure dominated disc, and the relative fraction of the power
liberated in the corona increases as the accretion rate decreases. Furthermore,
we discuss reasons why energetically dominant coronae are ideal sites for
launching powerful jets/outflows, both MHD and thermally driven. In analysing
the spectral properties of such coronal outflow dominated accretion discs, we
reach the important conclusion that if the jet/outflow is, as is likely,
radiatively inefficient, then so is the source overall, even without advection
of energy into the black hole being relevant for the dynamics of the accretion
flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127135 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of NGC 4636 - An Elliptical Galaxy in Turmoil


  Chandra images show symmetric, 8 kpc long, arm-like features in the X-ray
halo surrounding NGC 4636. The leading edges of these features are sharp and
are accompanied by temperature increases of ~30%. These properties, along with
their scale and symmetry, suggest that the arm-like structures are produced by
nuclear outburst driven shocks. We interpret these observations as part of a
cycle in which cooling gas originally fueled a nuclear outburst about 3 X
10^{6} years ago leading to shocks that reheat the cooling gas, thus preventing
the accumulation of significant amounts of cooled gas in the galaxy center and
temporarily starving the central AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2554 </DOCNO>
Generation of bright soliton through the interaction of black solitons


  We report on the possibility of having two black solitons interacting inside
a silica fiber that presents normal group-velocity dispersion, to generate a
pair of solitons, a vector soliton of the black-bright type. The model obeys a
pair of coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations, that follows in accordance
with a Ginzburg-Landau equation describing the anisotropic XY model. We solve
the coupled equations using a trial-orbit method, which plays a significant
role when the Schr\"odinger equations are reduced to first order differential
equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96024 </DOCNO>
Orthomodular Lattices and a Quantum Algebra


  We show that one can formulate an algebra with lattice ordering so as to
contain one quantum and five classical operations as opposed to the standard
formulation of the Hilbert space subspace algebra. The standard orthomodular
lattice is embeddable into the algebra. To obtain this result we devised
algorithms and computer programs for obtaining expressions of all quantum and
classical operations within an orthomodular lattice in terms of each other,
many of which are presented in the paper. For quantum disjunction and
conjunction we prove their associativity in an orthomodular lattice for any
triple in which one of the elements commutes with the other two and their
distributivity for any triple in which a particular one of the elements
commutes with the other two. We also prove that the distributivity of symmetric
identity holds in Hilbert space, although it remains an open problem whether it
holds in all orthomodular lattices, as it does not fail in any of over 50
million Greechie diagrams we tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128746 </DOCNO>
N=1 Supergravity Chaotic Inflation in the Braneworld Scenario


  We study a N=1 Supergravity chaotic inflationary model, in the context of the
braneworld scenario. It is shown that successful inflation and reheating
consistent with phenomenological constraints can be achieved via the new terms
in the Friedmann equation arising from brane physics. Interestingly, the model
satisfies observational bounds with sub-Planckian field values, implying that
chaotic inflation on the brane is free from the well known difficulties
associated with the presence of higher order non-renormalizable terms in the
superpotential. A bound on the mass scale of the fifth dimension, $M_5 \gsim
1.3 \times 10^{-6} M_P$, is obtained from the requirement that the reheating
temperature be higher than the temperature of the electroweak phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85727 </DOCNO>
Approximate Solutions to the Binary Black Hole Initial Value Problem


  We present approximate analytical solutions to the Hamiltonian and momentum
constraint equations, corresponding to systems composed of two black holes with
arbitrary linear and angular momentum. The analytical nature of these initial
data solutions makes them easier to implement in numerical evolutions than the
traditional numerical approach of solving the elliptic equations derived from
the Einstein constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169173 </DOCNO>
Superluminal influences, hidden variables, and signaling


  We consider alternative models to quantum mechanics, that have been proposed
in the recent years in order to explain the EPR correlations between two
particles. These models allow in principle local hidden variables produced at
the source, and some superluminal "hidden communication" (or "influences") to
reproduce the non-local correlations. Moving to the case of three particles, we
show that these alternative models lead to signaling when "hidden
communication" alone is considered as the origin of the correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124822 </DOCNO>
An X-ray selected sample of radio-loud quasars


  We construct the first X-ray selected sample of broad line radio-loud AGN
from the EMSS survey. In order to test unifying schemes for radio-loud objects,
their spectral and statistical properties (both flat and steep spectrum
objects) are examined and compared with those of other samples of blazars. The
X-ray selection allows us to explore properties of radio-loud quasars 10-100
weaker in the radio band than classical samples. The most convincing
interpretation of our results is that there are no radio-loud quasars whose
synchrotron emission peak reaches the EUV-soft X-ray band at these (radio) flux
levels. Moreover, due to the comparatively weak non-thermal emission, a
quasi-thermal component appears to contribute at optical-UV energies. The
detection of sources at low radio fluxes also reveals a large population of
steep spectrum quasars and the lack of the predicted turnover in the quasar
(radio) counts. The evolution of X-ray selected radio-loud quasars does not
significantly differ from that of radio-selected ones, and flat spectrum and
steep spectrum sources appear to behave quite similarly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72496 </DOCNO>
Tests of physics beyond the Standard Model with future low energy


  Neutrino-electron scattering can be used to probe neutrino electromagnetic
properties at low-threshold underground detectors with good recoil electron
energy resolution. We study the sensitivity of Helium detector experiments,
such as HELLAZ, for artificial anti-neutrino sources. We show that, for a
$^{90}Sr-Y$ source, one expects a sensitivity to the neutrino magnetic moment
at the level of $\mu_{\nu}= 2 \times 10^{-11}\mu_{B}$. We also report the
sensitivity that these experiments could have in searching for an additional
gauge boson in $E_6$ models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124158 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Mass Functions from Gaussian Stochastic Diffusion Processes


  Gaussian stochastic diffusion processes are used to derive cosmic mass
functions. To get analytic relations previous studies exploited the sharp
$k$-space filter assumption yielding zero drift terms in the corresponding
Fokker-Planck (Kolmogorov's forward) equation and thus simplifying analytic
treatments significantly (excursion set formalism). In the present paper
methods are described to derive for given diffusion processes and Gaussian
random fields the corresponding mass and filter functions by solving the
Kolmogorov's forward and backward equations including nonzero drift terms. This
formalism can also be used in cases with non-sharp $k$-space filters and for
diffusion processes exhibiting correlations between different mass scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125223 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Bubbles in Two Young HII Regions


  Massive stars are expected to produce wind-blown bubbles in the interstellar
medium; however, ring nebulae, suggesting the existence of bubbles, are rarely
seen around main-sequence O stars. To search for wind-blown bubbles around
main-sequence O stars, we have obtained high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope
WFPC2 images and high-dispersion echelle spectra of two pristine HII regions,
N11B and N180B, in the Large Magellanic Cloud. These HII regions are ionized by
OB associations that still contain O3 stars, suggesting that the HII regions
are young and have not hosted any supernova explosions. Our observations show
that wind-blown bubbles in these HII regions can be detected kinematically but
not morphologically because their expansion velocities are comparable to or
only slightly higher than the isothermal sound velocity in the HII regions.
Bubbles are detected around concentrations of massive stars, individual O
stars, and even an evolved red supergiant (a fossil bubble). Comparisons
between the observed bubble dynamics and model predictions show a large
discrepancy (1--2 orders of magnitude) between the stellar wind luminosity
derived from bubble observations and models and that derived from observations
of stellar winds. The number and distribution of bubbles in N11B differ from
those in N180B, which can be explained by the difference in the richness of
stellar content between these two HII regions. Most of the bubbles observed in
N11B and N180B show a blister-structure, indicating that the stars were formed
on the surfaces of dense clouds. Numerous small dust clouds, similar to Bok
globules or elephant trunks, are detected in these HII regions and at least one
of them hosts on-going star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128708 </DOCNO>
Boundary Corrections in Fractal Analysis of Galaxy Surveys


  The analysis of redshift surveys with fractal tools requires one to apply
some form of statistical correction for galaxies lying near the geometric
boundary of the sample. In this paper we compare three different methods of
performing such a correction upon estimates of the correlation integral in
order to assess the extent to which estimates may be biased by boundary terms.
We apply the corrections illustrative examples, including a simple fractal set
(L\'{e}vy flight), a random $\beta$-model, and a subset of the CfA2 Southern
Cap survey. This study shows that the new ``angular'' correction method we
present is more generally applicable than the other methods used to date: the
conventional ``capacity'' correction imposes a bias towards homogeneity, and
the ``deflation'' method discards large-scale information, and consequently
reduces the statistical usefulness of data sets. The ``angular'' correction
method is effective at recovering true fractal dimensions, although the extent
to which boundary corrections are important depends on the form of fractal
distribution assumed as well as the details of the survey geometry. We also
show that the CfA2 Southern sample does not show any real evidence of a
transition to homogeneity. We then revisit the IRAS PSCz survey and ``mock''
PSCz catalogues made using N-body simulations of two different cosmologies. The
results we obtain from the PSCz survey are not significantly affected by the
form of boundary correction used, confirming that the transition from fractal
to homogeneous behaviour reported by Pan & Coles (2000) is real.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1021 </DOCNO>
Theory of Thermal Remagnetization of Permanent Magnets


  A self-consistent mean-field theory explaining the thermal remagnetization
(TR) of polycrystalline permanent magnets is given. The influence of the
environment of a grain is treated by an inclusion approximation, relating the
field inside the grain to the local field outside by means of an internal
demagnetization factor $n$. For the switching fields and the fluctuations of
the local fields around the mean field Gaussian distributions of widths
$\sigmas$ and $\sigmaf$ resp. are assumed. The isothermal hysteresis curve, the
recoil curves, and the TR in dependence on the model parameters $n$, $\sigmas$,
and $\sigmaf$ are calculated. Furthermore, the influence of the initial
temperature and the strong dependence of the TR on the demagnetization factor
of the sample are studied, and it is shown that for reasonable parameter sets
TR effects up to 100 % are possible. The theoretical results correspond well
with the experimental situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1815 </DOCNO>
Gyration radius of a circular polymer under a topological constraint


  It is nontrivial whether the average size of a ring polymer should become
smaller or larger under a topological constraint.
 Making use of some knot invariants, we evaluate numerically the mean square
radius of gyration for ring polymers having a fixed knot type, where the ring
polymers are given by self-avoiding polygons consisting of freely-jointed hard
cylinders. We obtain plots of the gyration radius versus the number of
polygonal nodes for the trivial, trefoil and figure-eight knots. We discuss
possible asymptotic behaviors of the gyration radius under the topological
constraint. In the asymptotic limit, the size of a ring polymer with a given
knot is larger than that of no topological constraint when the polymer is thin,
and the effective expansion becomes weak when the polymer is thick enough.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127161 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Neutral Gas in the Universe as Traced by Damped Lyman


  We discuss our recent results on the statistical properties of damped Lyman
alpha systems (DLAs) at low redshift (z<1.65) (Rao & Turnshek 2000). Contrary
to expectations, we found that the cosmological neutral gas mass density as
traced by DLAs, $\Omega_{DLA}$, does not evolve from redshifts $z \approx 4$ to
$z \approx 0.5$ and that extrapolation to z=0 results in a value that is a
factor of ~6.5 times higher than what is derived from galaxies at the current
epoch using HI 21 cm emission measurements. We review the current status of HI
measurements at low redshift and at the current epoch, and discuss possible
causes of this discrepancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2029 </DOCNO>
Layer-by-layer pattern propagtion and pulsed laser deposition


  In this article kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for molecular beam epitaxy
(MBE) and pulsed laser depositon (PLD) are compared. It will be shown that an
optimal pattern conservation during MBE is achieved for a specific ratio of
diffusion to deposition rate. Further on pulsed laser deposition is presented
as an alternative way to control layer by layer growth. First results
concerning the island density in the submonolayer regime are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6953 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Magnetic Properties of (V$_{1-x}$Ti$_{x}$)$_2$O$_3$ near the


  Magnetic susceptibility (chi) and $^{51}$V NMR have been measured in
(V$_{1-x}$Ti$_{x}$)$_2$O$_3$ near the phase boundary of the metal-insulator
transition. It is established that the transition from antiferromagnetic
insulating (AFI) to antiferromagnetic metallic phases near $x_{\rm c}\approx
0.05$ is not quantum critical but is discontinuous with a jump of the
transition temperature. In the AFI phase at 4.2 K, we observed the satellite in
the zero-field $^{51}$V NMR spectrum around 181 MHz in addition to the ``host''
resonance around 203 MHz. The satellite is also observable in the paramagnetic
metallic phase of the x = 0.055 sample. We associated the satellite with the V
sites near Ti which are in the V$^{3+}$-like oxidation state but has different
temperature dependence of the NMR shift from that of the host V site. The host
d-spin susceptibility for x = 0.055 decreases below $\sim$60 K but remains
finite in the low-temperature limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73732 </DOCNO>
B -> K(K^*)X: Decay Distributions, Branching Ratios and CP Asymmetries


  We discuss an improved theoretical description of the semi-inclusive B meson
decays $B\to K(K^*)X$. The decay distributions are calculated. Their branching
ratios are found to be appreciable. The CP asymmetries in the neutral B modes
$\bar{B^0}\to K^-(K^{*-})X$ are sizable. An observation of direct CP violation
and a measurement of $\gamma$ may come from these neutral B modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6549 </DOCNO>
Mixed initial conditions to estimate the dynamic critical exponent in


  We explore the initial conditions in short-time critical dynamics to propose
a new method to evaluate the dynamic exponent z. Estimates are obtained with
high precision for 2D Ising model and 2D Potts model for three and four states
by performing heat-bath Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 872 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic theory of epitaxial ferroelectric thin films with dense


  A Landau-Ginsburg-Devonshire-type nonlinear phenomenological theory is
presented, which enables the thermodynamic description of dense laminar
polydomain states in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films. The theory explicitly
takes into account the mechanical substrate effect on the polarizations and
lattice strains in dissimilar elastic domains (twins). Numerical calculations
are performed for PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 films grown on (001)-oriented cubic
substrates. The "misfit strain-temperature" phase diagrams are developed for
these films, showing stability ranges of various possible polydomain and
single-domain states. Three types of polarization instabilities are revealed
for polydomain epitaxial ferroelectric films, which may lead to the formation
of new polydomain states forbidden in bulk crystals. The total dielectric and
piezoelectric small-signal responses of polydomain films are calculated,
resulting from both the volume and domain-wall contributions. For BaTiO3 films,
strong dielectric anomalies are predicted at room temperature near special
values of the misfit strain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149858 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Weyl invariant p-branes and Dp-branes


  A mechanism to find different Weyl invariant p-branes and Dp-branes actions
is explained. Our procedure clarifies the Weyl invariance for such systems.
Besides, by considering gravity-dilaton effective action in higher dimensions
we also derive a Weyl invariant action for p-branes. We argue that this
derivation provides a geometrical scenario for the Weyl invariance of p-branes.
Our considerations can be extended to the case of super-p-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74208 </DOCNO>
Extended Minimal Flavour Violating MSSM and Implications for B Physics


  The recently reported measurements of the CP asymmetry a(psi K) by the BABAR
and BELLE collaborations are in good agreement with the standard model (SM)
prediction, resulting from the unitarity of the CKM matrix. The so-called
minimal flavour violating (MFV) supersymmetric extensions of the standard
model, in which the CKM matrix remains the only flavour changing structure,
predict a(psi K) similar to the one in the SM. With the anticipated precision
in a(psi K) and other CP asymmetries at the B factories and hadron colliders,
one hopes to pin down any possible deviation from the SM. We discuss an
extension of the MFV-supersymmetric models which comfortably accommodates the
current measurements of the CP asymmetry a(psi K), but differs from the SM and
the MFV-supersymmetric models due to an additional flavour changing structure
beyond the CKM matrix. We suggest specific tests in forthcoming experiments in
B physics. In addition to the CP-asymmetries in B-meson decays, such as a(psi
K) and a(pi pi), and the mass difference Delta M_s in the Bs-bar(Bs) system, we
emphasize measurements of the radiative transition b -> d gamma as sensitive
probes of the postulated flavour changing structure. Interestingly, the
CKM-unitarity analysis in the Extended-MFV model also allows solutions rho < 0,
as opposed to the SM and the MFV models for which only rho > 0 solutions are
now admissible, implying gamma > pi/2, where gamma=- arg (Vub). Such large
values of gamma are hinted by the current measurements of the branching ratios
for the decays B -> pi pi and B -> K pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81337 </DOCNO>
The monopole mass in the three-dimensional Georgi-Glashow model


  We study the lattice regularised Georgi-Glashow model; three-dimensional
SU(2) lattice gauge theory coupled to an adjoint scalar field. We examine the
apparent contradiction between the conjectured analytic connection of the
`broken' and `symmetric' phases, and the interpretation of the mass (i.e., the
free energy) of the fully quantised 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole as an order
parameter to distinguish the phases. We use Monte Carlo simulations to measure
the monopole free energy and its first derivative with respect to the scalar
mass. On small volumes we compare this to semi-classical predictions for the
monopole. On large volumes we show that the free energy is screened to zero,
signalling the formation of a confining monopole condensate. This screening
does not allow the monopole mass to be interpreted as an order parameter,
resolving the paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98322 </DOCNO>
Geometric quantization of symplectic foliations


  Geometric quantization of a Poisson manifold need not imply quantization of
its symplectic leaves. We provide the leafwise geometric quantization of a
Poisson manifold, seen as a foliated one, whose quantum algebra restricted to
each leaf is quantized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125671 </DOCNO>
Temporal and Spectral Characteristics of Short Bursts from the Soft


  We study the temporal and coarse spectral properties of 268 bursts from SGR
1806-20 and 679 bursts from SGR 1900+14, all observed with the Rossi X-Ray
Timing Explorer/Proportional Counter Array. Hardness ratios and temporal
parameters, such as T_90 durations and tau_90 emission times are determined for
these bursts. We find a lognormal distribution of burst durations, ranging over
more than two orders of magnitude: T_90 ~ 10^-2 to >~ 1 s, with a peak at ~ 0.1
s. The burst light curves tend to be asymmetrical, with more than half of all
events showing rise times t_r < 0.3 T_90. We find that there exists a
correlation between the duration and fluence of bursts from both sources. We
also find a significant anti-correlation between hardness ratio and fluence for
SGR 1806-20 bursts and a marginal anti-correlation for SGR 1900+14 events.
Finally, we discuss possible physical implications of these results within the
framework of the magnetar model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96982 </DOCNO>
A note of moduli of vector bundles on rational surfaces


  We discuss some relations of moduli of sheaves on rational surfaces by using
universal extensions. These are a generalization of Maruyama's method to
construct Uhlenbeck compactification of moduli of vector bundles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99028 </DOCNO>
The covariant Lyapunov tensor and the Lyapunov stability with respect to


  We show that any solution of a smooth first order dynamic equation can be
made Lyapunov stable at will by the choice of an appropriate time-dependent
Riemannian metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124294 </DOCNO>
A Short Timescale Candidate Microlensing Event in the POINT-AGAPE Pixel


  We report the discovery of a short-duration microlensing candidate in the
northern field of the POINT-AGAPE pixel lensing survey towards M31. The
full-width half-maximum timescale is very short, just 1.8 days. Almost
certainly, the source star has been identified on Hubble Space Telescope
archival images, allowing us to infer an Einstein crossing time of 10.4 days, a
maximum magnification of about 18, and a lens-source proper motion greater than
0.3 microarcsec/day. The event lies projected at 8' from the center of M31,
which is beyond the bulk of the stellar lens population. The lens is likely to
reside in one of three locations. It may be a star in the M31 disk, or a
massive compact halo object (Macho) in either M31 or the Milky Way. The most
probable mass is 0.06 solar masses for an M31 Macho, 0.02 solar masses for a
Milky Way Macho and 0.2 solar masses for an M31 stellar lens. Whilst the
stellar interpretation is plausible, the Macho interpretation is the most
probable for halo fractions above 20%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81281 </DOCNO>
Real--time dynamics of a hot Yang-Mills theory: a numerical analysis


  We discuss recent results obtained from simulations of high temperature,
classical, real time dynamics of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory at temperatures of the
order of the electroweak scale. Measurements of gauge covariant and gauge
invariant autocorrelations of the fields indicate that the ASY-Bodecker
scenario is irrelevant at these temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168055 </DOCNO>
Theory of Pseudomodes in Quantum Optical Processes


  This paper deals with non-Markovian behaviour in atomic systems coupled to a
structured reservoir of quantum EM field modes, with particular relevance to
atoms interacting with the field in high Q cavities or photonic band gap
materials. In cases such as the former, we show that the pseudo mode theory for
single quantum reservoir excitations can be obtained by applying the Fano
diagonalisation method to a system in which the atomic transitions are coupled
to a discrete set of (cavity) quasimodes, which in turn are coupled to a
continuum set of (external) quasimodes with slowly varying coupling constants
and continuum mode density. Each pseudomode can be identified with a discrete
quasimode, which gives structure to the actual reservoir of true modes via the
expressions for the equivalent atom-true mode coupling constants. The quasimode
theory enables cases of multiple excitation of the reservoir to now be treated
via Markovian master equations for the atom-discrete quasimode system.
Applications of the theory to one, two and many discrete quasimodes are made.
For a simple photonic band gap model, where the reservoir structure is
associated with the true mode density rather than the coupling constants, the
single quantum excitation case appears to be equivalent to a case with two
discrete quasimodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148375 </DOCNO>
Making Non-Associative Algebra Associative


  Based on results about open string correlation functions, a nonassociative
algebra was proposed in a recent paper for D-branes in a background with
nonvanishing $H$. We show that our associative algebra obtained by quantizing
the endpoints of an open string in an earlier work can also be used to
reproduce the same correlation functions. The novelty of this algebra is that
functions on the D-brane do not form a closed algebra. This poses a problem to
define gauge transformations on such noncommutative spaces. We propose a
resolution by generalizing the description of gauge transformations which
naturally involves global symmetries. This can be understood in the context of
matrix theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75678 </DOCNO>
Complete Cubic and Quartic Couplings of 16 and $\bar {16}$ in SO(10)


  A recently derived basic theorem on the decomposition of SO(2N) vertices is
used to obtain a complete analytic determination of all SO(10) invariant cubic
superpotential couplings involving $16_{\pm}$ semispinors of SO(10) chirality
$\pm$ and tensor representations. In addition to the superpotential couplings
computed previously using the basic theorem involving the 10, 120 and
$\bar{126}$ tensor representations we compute here couplings involving the 1,
45 and 210 dimensional tensor representations, i.e., we compute the
$\bar{16}_{\mp}16_{\pm}1$,$\bar{16}_{\mp}16_{\pm}45$ and
$\bar{16}_{\mp}16_{\pm}210$ Higgs couplings in the superpotential. A complete
determination of dimension five operators in the superpotential arising from
the mediation of the 1, 45 and 210 dimensional representations is also given.
The vector couplings $\bar{16}_{\pm}16_{\pm}1$, $\bar{16}_{\pm}16_{\pm}45$ and
$\bar{16}_{\pm}16_{\pm}210$ are also analyzed. The role of large tensor
representations and the possible application of results derived here in model
building are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 851 </DOCNO>
White-Scalapino-like Stripes in a Mean-Field Hubbard Model


  A mean field calculation of the Hubbard model finds a rich phase diagram. The
antiferromagnetic phase is generally unstable away from half filling, and there
are several regions of phase separation. One solution in particular closely
resembles the stripe phase of White and Scalapino. By comparison to
unrestricted Hartree-Fock calculations (for which this phase is metastable), it
is demonstrated that this phase arises from phase separation. The interface
surface tension is found to change sign below a particular stripe width, at
which point the stripes begin to meander, gradually crossing over to diagonal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7544 </DOCNO>
Degeneracy of the ground-state of antiferromagnetic spin-1/2


  In the first part of this paper, the extension of the Lieb-Schultz-Mattis
theorem to dimensions larger than one is discussed. A counter example to the
original formulation of Lieb-Schultz-Mattis and Affleck is exhibited and a more
precise statement is formulated. The degeneracy of the ground-state in symmetry
breaking phases with long-range order is analyzed. The second and third parts
of the paper concern resonating valence-bond (RVB) spin liquids. In these
phases the relationship between various authors approaches: Laughlin-Oshikawa,
Sutherland, Rokhsar and Kivelson, Read and Chakraborty and the
Lieb-Schultz-Mattis-Affleck proposal is studied. The deep physical relation
between the degeneracy property and the absence of stiffness is explained and
illustrated numerically. A new conjecture is formed concerning the absolute
absence of sensitivity of the spin liquid ground-states to any twist of the
boundary conditions (thermodynamic limit). In the third part of the paper the
relations between the quantum numbers of the degenerate multiplets of the spin
liquid phases are obtained exactly. Their relationship with a topological
property of the wave functions of the low lying levels of this spin liquid
phase is emphasized. In spite of the degeneracy of the ground-state, we explain
why these phases cannot exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127895 </DOCNO>
Formation and pre-MS evolution of massive stars with growing accretion


  We briefly describe the three existing scenarios for forming massive stars
and emphasize that the arguments often used to reject the accretion scenario
for massive stars are misleading. It is usually not accounted for the fact that
the turbulent pressure associated to large turbulent velocities in clouds
necessarily imply relatively high accretion rates for massive stars. We show
the basic difference between the formation of low and high mass stars based on
the values of the free fall time and of the Kelvin-Helmoltz timescale, and
define the concept of birthline for massive stars.
  Due to D-burning, the radius and location of the birthline in the HR diagram,
as well as the lifetimes are very sensitive to the accretion rate \dot M_accr.
If a form \dot M_accr=A (M/M_sun)^phi is adopted, the observations in the HR
diagram and the lifetimes support a value of A=10^{-5} M_sun/yr and a value of
phi>1. Remarkably, such a law is consistent with the relation found by
Churchwell (1998) and Henning et al. (2000) between the outflow rates and the
luminosities of ultra--compact HII regions, if we assume that a fraction 0.15
to 0.3 of the global inflow is accreted. The above relation implies high \dot
M_accr=10^{-3} M_sun/yr for the most massive stars. The physical possibility of
such high \dot M_accr is supported by current numerical models.
  Finally, we give simple analytical arguments in favour of the growth of \dot
M_accr with the already accreted mass. We also suggest that due to Bondi-Hoyle
accretion, the formation of binary stars is largely favoured among massive
stars in the accretion scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77084 </DOCNO>
On the energy and baseline optimization to study effects related to the


  In this paper we discuss the detection of CP and T-violation effects in the
framework of a neutrino factory. We introduce three quantities, which are good
discriminants for a non vanishing complex phase ($\delta$) in the $3\times 3$
neutrino mixing matrix. We find that these three discriminants (in vacuum) all
scale with $L/E_{\nu}$. Matter effects modify the scaling, but these effects
are large enough to spoil the sensitivity only for baselines larger than 5000
km. So, in the hypothesis of constant neutrino factory power, the sensitivity
on the $\delta$-phase is independent of the baseline chosen. Specially
interesting is the direct measurement of T-violation from the ``wrong-sign''
electron channel, which involves a comparison of the $\nue\ra\numu$ and
$\numu\ra\nue$ oscillation rates. However, the $\numu\ra\nue$ measurement
requires magnetic discrimination of the electron charge, experimentally very
challenging in a neutrino detector: low-energy neutrino beams and hence short
baselines, are preferred. In this paper we show the exclusion regions in the
$\Delta m^2_{12} - \delta$ plane for two concrete cases. We obtain a similar
excluded region provided that the electron detection efficiency is $\sim$20%
and the charge confusion 0.1%. The $\Delta m^2_{12}$ compatible with the LMA
solar data can be tested with a flux of 5$\times 10^{21}$ muons. We compare
these results with the fit of the visible energy distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95859 </DOCNO>
Weyl-Titchmarsh M-Function Asymptotics, Local Uniqueness Results, Trace


  We explicitly determine the high-energy asymptotics for Weyl-Titchmarsh
matrices associated with general Dirac-type operators on half-lines and on
$\bbR$. We also prove new local uniqueness results for Dirac-type operators in
terms of exponentially small differences of Weyl-Titchmarsh matrices. As
concrete applications of the asymptotic high-energy expansion we derive a trace
formula for Dirac operators and use it to prove a Borg-type theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95851 </DOCNO>
Analytic continuation of the generalized hypergeometric series near unit


  Various methods to obtain the analytic continuation near $z=1$ of the
hypergeometric series $_{p+1}F_p(z)$ are reviewed together with some of the
results. One approach is to establish a recurrence relation with respect to $p$
and then, after its repeated use, to resort to the well-known properties of the
Gaussian hypergeometric series. Another approach is based on the properties of
the underlying generalized hypergeometric differential equation: For the
coefficients in the power series expansion around $z=1$ a general formula,
valid for any $p$, is found in terms of a limit of a terminating
Saalsch\"utzian hypergeometric series of unit argument. Final results may then
be obtained for each particular $p$ after application of an appropriate
transformation formula of the Saalsch\"utzian hypergeometric series. The
behaviour at unit argument of zero-balanced hypergeometric series, which have
received particular attention in recent years, is discussed in more detail. The
related problem involving the behaviour of partial sums of such series is
addressed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5517 </DOCNO>
Stacked Josephson junction SQUID


  Operation of a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) made of
stacked Josephson junctions is analyzed numerically for a variety of junction
parameters. Due to a magnetic coupling of junctions in the stack, such a SQUID
has certain advantages as compared to an uncoupled multi-junction SQUID.
Namely, metastability of current-flux modulation can be reduced and a
voltage-flux modulation can be improved if junctions in the stack are
phase-locked. Optimum operation of the SQUID is expected for moderately long,
strongly coupled stacked Josephson junctions. A possibility of making a stacked
Josephson junction SQUID based on intrinsic Josephson junctions in high-Tc
superconductor is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113624 </DOCNO>
High pressure operation of the triple-GEM detector in pure Ne, Ar and Xe


  We study the performance of the triple-GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) detector
in pure noble gases Ne, Ar and Xe, at different pressures varying from 1 to 10
atm. In Ar and Xe, the maximum attainable gain of the detector abruptly drops
down for pressures exceeding 3 atm. In contrast, the maximum gain in Ne was
found to increase with pressure, reaching a value of 100,000 at 7 atm. The
results obtained are of particular interest for developing noble gas-based
cryogenic particle detectors for solar neutrino and dark matter search.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74658 </DOCNO>
The Physical Foundation of the Quark Model: the Quark Model as an


  From the Dirac sea concept, the BCC model infers that the quarks u and d
constitute a body center cubic quark lattice in the vacuum; when a quark $q^*$
is excited from the vacuum, the nearest primitive cell u' and d' is
accompanying excited by the quark $q^*$. Using the energy band theory, the
model deduces the quantum numbers (I, S, C, b, and Q) and the masses of all
quarks using a united mass formula. Then, it shows that the system of} 3
excited quarks ($q^*u'd'$$) is a baryon, and it deduces the baryon spectrum in
terms of the sum laws. This theoretical baryon spectrum is in accordance with
the experimental results. It also shows that there are only two elementary
quarks (u and d), while the other quarks (s, c, b, ...) are the excited states
of the elementary quarks, hence the SU(3) (u, d, and s), the SU(4) (u, d, s,
and c), and the SU(5) (u, d, s, c, and b) are the natural extensions of the
SU(2) (u and d). The BCC model provides the physical foundation (quarks, SU(N)
groups, and that a baryon is made of 3 quarks) for the Quark Model. The Quark
Model is the SU(N) approximation of the BCC model. The confinement concept is
not needed in the BCC model, because it is replaced by the accompanying
excitation concept. The SU(N)} groups are also not} necessary, as they are
replaced by the body center cubic groups. We also predict some new baryons:
}$\Lambda(2560)$, $\Sigma_{C}(2280)$, $\Omega^{-}(3720)$,
$\Lambda_{C}^{+}(6600)$, $\Lambda_{b}^{0}(9960)$...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127473 </DOCNO>
Color--Magnitude Diagram and Luminosity Function of M4 Near the


  A proper-motion separation of M4 members from field stars, using deep HST
observations separated by a time base-line of 5 years, allows us to study a
pure sample of cluster main-sequence stars almost to the minimum mass for
hydrogen burning. High-precision photometry shows how badly current theoretical
models fail to reproduce the color-magnitude diagram of low-mass stars of
moderate metallicity ([M/H] ~ -1). This inability of theory to reproduce the
luminosity-radius relation casts doubt on the theoretical mass-luminosity
relation, which is needed to convert the observed luminosity function (LF) into
a mass function (MF), as well as to convert our locally determined LF into a
global MF. To the extent that we trust theoretical M-L relations for such
transformations, we obtain a flat MF from the LF, and some indication that
theoretical masses might be too low at a given luminosity, near the H-burning
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73737 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal top quark polarization


  Longitudinal polarization of the top quark, averaged over the production
angle, is discussed for the top quark produced in e+e- annihilation near its
production threshold. It is demonstrated that Coulomb type corrections and
rescattering corrections are important. They change considerably measurable
quantities and should be taken into account in phenomenological analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4523 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram for unzipping DNA with long-range interactions


  We present a critique and extension of the mean-field approach to the
mechanical pulling transition in bound polymer systems. Our model is motivated
by the theoretically and experimentally important examples of adsorbed polymers
and double-stranded DNA, and we focus on the case in which quenched disorder in
the sequence of monomers is unimportant for the statistical mechanics. We show
how including excluded volume interactions in the model affects the phase
diagram for the critical pulling force, and we predict a re-entrancy phase at
low temperatures which has not been previously discussed. We also consider the
case of non-equilibrium pulling, in which the external force probes the local,
rather than the global structure of the dsDNA or adsorbed polymer. The dynamics
of the pulling transition in such experiments could illuminate the polymer's
loop structure, which depends on the nature of excluded volume interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179749 </DOCNO>
Pion double charge exchange on 4He


  The doubly differential cross sections for the $^4$He$(\pi^+,\pi^-) 4p$
reaction were calculated using both a two-nucleon sequential single charge
exchange model and an intranuclear cascade code. Final state interactions
between the two final protons which were the initial neutrons were included in
both methods. At incident pion energies of 240 and 270 MeV the low-energy peak
observed experimentally in the energy spectrum of the final pions can be
understood only if the contribution of pion production is included. The
calculated cross sections are compared with data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96918 </DOCNO>
Indices of 1-forms on an isolated complete intersection singularity


  There are some generalizations of the classical
Eisenbud-Levine-Khimshashvili formula for the index of a singular point of an
analytic vector field on $R^n$ for vector fields on singular varieties. We
offer an alternative approach based on the study of indices of 1-forms instead
of vector fields. When the variety under consideration is a real isolated
complete intersection singularity (icis), we define an index of a (real)
1-form on it. In the complex setting we define an index of a holomorphic 1-form
on a complex icis and express it as the dimension of a certain algebra.
In the real setting, for an icis $V=f^{-1}(0)$, $f:(C^n, 0) \to (C^k,
0)$, $f$ is real, we define a complex analytic family of quadratic forms
parameterized by the points $\epsilon$ of the image $(C^k, 0)$ of the map $f$,
which become real for real $\epsilon$ and in this case their signatures defer
from the "real" index by $\chi(V_\epsilon)-1$, where $\chi(V_\epsilon)$ is the
Euler characteristic of the corresponding smoothing
$V_\epsilon=f^{-1}(\epsilon)\cap B_\delta$ of the icis $V$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99085 </DOCNO>
On the Expansion of Graphs of 0/1-Polytopes


  The edge expansion of a graph is the minimum quotient of the number of edges
in a cut and the size of the smaller one among the two node sets separated by
the cut. Bounding the edge expansion from below is important for bounding the
``mixing time'' of a random walk on the graph from above. It has been
conjectured by Mihail and Vazirani that the graph of every 0/1-polytope has
edge expansion at least one. A proof of this (or even a weaker) conjecture
would imply solutions of several long-standing open problems in the theory of
randomized approximate counting. We present different techniques for bounding
the edge expansion of a 0/1-polytope from below. By means of these tools we
show that several classes of 0/1-polytopes indeed have graphs with edge
expansion at least one. These classes include all 0/1-polytopes of dimension at
most five, all simple 0/1-polytopes, all hypersimplices, all stable set
polytopes, and all (perfect) matching polytopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126725 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Beaming and Flux Variability in Active Galactic Nuclei


  We discuss the impact of special relativistic effects on the observed light
curves and variability duty cycles of AGNs. We model the properties of AGN
light curves at radio wavelengths using a simulated shot noise process in which
the occurrence of major flaring events in a relativistic jet is governed by
Poisson statistics. We show that flaring sources whose radiation is highly
beamed toward us are able to reach very high flux levels, but will in fact
spend most of their time in relatively low flaring states due to relativistic
contraction of flare time scales in the observer frame. The fact that highly
beamed AGNs do not return to a steady-state quiescent level between flares
implies that their weakly beamed counterparts should have highly stable flux
densities that result from a superposition of many long-term, low-amplitude
flares. The ``apparent'' quiescent flux levels of these weakly beamed AGNs
(identified in many unified models as radio galaxies) will be significantly
higher than their ''true'' quiescent (i.e., non-flaring) levels. We use Monte
Carlo simulations to investigate flux variability bias in the selection
statistics of flat-spectrum AGN samples. In the case of the Caltech-Jodrell
Flat-spectrum survey, the predicted orientation bias towards jets seen end-on
is weakened if the parent population is variable, since the highly beamed
sources have a stronger tendency to be found in low flaring states. This effect
is small, however, since highly beamed sources are relatively rare, and their
fluxes tend to be boosted sufficiently above the survey limit such that they
are selected regardless of their flaring level. We find that for larger
flat-spectrum AGN surveys with fainter flux cutoffs, variability should not be
an appreciable source of selection bias.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148324 </DOCNO>
Scalar-Scalar Bound State in Non-commutative Space


  Bethe-Salpeter equation in the non-commutative space for a scalar-scalar
bound state is considered. It is shown that in the non-relativistic limit, the
effect of spatial non-commutativity appears as if there exist a magnetic dipole
moment coupled to each particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126301 </DOCNO>
Chandra observations of the pulsar wind nebula in SNR G0.9+0.1


  We present observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of the pulsar wind
nebula (PWN) within the supernova remnant G0.9+0.1. At Chandra's high
resolution, the PWN has a clear axial symmetry; a faint X-ray point source
lying along the symmetry axis possibly corresponds to the pulsar itself. We
argue that the nebular morphology can be explained in terms of a torus of
emission in the pulsar's equatorial plane and a jet directed along the pulsar
spin axis, as is seen in the X-ray nebulae powered by other young pulsars. A
bright clump of emission within the PWN breaks the axisymmetry and may
correspond to an intermediate-latitude feature in the pulsar wind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76358 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Charge and Magnetization Densities


  A Fourier-Bessel analysis is used to fit charge and magnetization densities
to data for the nucleon Sachs form factors. The neutron and proton
magnetization densities are very similar, but the proton charge density is
significantly softer. A useful measurement of the neutron charge density is
obtained, although the relative uncertainty in the interior will remain
substantially larger than for the other densities until precise new data at
higher Q^2 become available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3482 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Rashba spin splitting in two-dimensional hole systems


  It has long been assumed that the inversion asymmetry-induced Rashba spin
splitting in two-dimensional (2D) systems at zero magnetic field is
proportional to the electric field that characterizes the inversion asymmetry
of the confining potential. Here we demonstrate, both theoretically and
experimentally, that 2D heavy hole systems in accumulation layer-like single
heterostructures show the opposite behavior, i.e., a decreasing, but nonzero
electric field results in an increasing Rashba coefficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3412 </DOCNO>
Giant microwave photoresistance of two-dimensional electron gas


  We measure microwave frequency (4-40 GHz) photoresistance at low magnetic
field B, in high mobility 2D electron gas samples, excited by signals applied
to a transmission line fabricated on the sample surface. Oscillatory
photoresistance vs B is observed. For excitation at the cyclotron resonance
frequency, we find an unprecedented, giant relative photoresistance (\Delta
R)/R of up to 250 percent. The photoresistance is apparently proportional to
the square root of applied power, and disappears as the temperature is
increased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174 </DOCNO>
Vortex Charging Effect in a Chiral $p_x\pm i p_y$-Wave Superconductor


  Quasiparticle states around a single vortex in a $p_x\pm i p_y$-wave
superconductor are studied on the basis of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG)
theory, where both charge and current screenings are taken into account. Due to
the violation of time reversal symmetry, there are two types of vortices which
are distinguished by their winding orientations relative to the angular
momentum of the chiral Cooper pair. The BdG solution shows that the charges of
the two types of vortices are quite different, reflecting the rotating Cooper
pair of the $p_x\pm i p_y$-wave paring state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96818 </DOCNO>
The canonical solutions of the Q-systems and the Kirillov-Reshetikhin


  We study a class of systems of functional equations closely related to
various kinds of integrable statistical and quantum mechanical models. We call
them the finite and infinite Q-systems according to the number of functions and
equations. The finite Q-systems appear as the thermal equilibrium conditions
(the Sutherland-Wu equation) for certain statistical mechanical systems. Some
infinite Q-systems appear as the relations of the normalized characters of the
KR modules of the Yangians and the quantum affine algebras. We give two types
of power series formulae for the unique solution (resp. the unique canonical
solution) for a finite (resp. infinite) Q-system. As an application, we
reformulate the Kirillov-Reshetikhin conjecture on the multiplicities formula
of the KR modules in terms of the canonical solutions of Q-systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41365 </DOCNO>
Prompt Photons in Photoproduction at HERA


  The production of prompt photons in photoproduction reactions in the ZEUS
experiment is discussed. Cross sections for inclusive prompt photons and for
prompt photons accompanied by jets are compared with theory, and the latter are
used to determine the effective transverse momentum of the quarks in the
proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1250 </DOCNO>
Dephasing Effect in Photon-Assisted Resonant Tunneling through Quantum


  We analyze dephasing in single and double quantum dot systems. The
decoherence is introduced by the B\"{u}ttiker model with current conserving
fictitious voltage leads connected to the dots. By using the non-equilibrium
Green function method, we investigate the dephasing effect on the tunneling
current. It is shown that a finite dephasing rate leads to observable effects.
The result can be used to measure dephasing rates in quantum dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1544 </DOCNO>
Persistent currents through a quantum dot


  We study the persistent currents induced by the Aharonov-Bohm effect in a
closed ring which either embeds or is directly side coupled to a quantum dot at
Kondo resonance. We predict that in both cases, the persistent current is very
sensitive to the ratio between the length of the ring and the size of the Kondo
screening cloud which appears as a fundamental prediction of scaling theories
of the Kondo effect. Persistent current measurements provide therefore an
opportunity to detect this cloud which has so far never been observed
experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179066 </DOCNO>
Nuclear isotope shifts within the local energy-density functional


  The foundation of the local energy-density functional method to describe the
nuclear ground-state properties is given. The method is used to investigate
differential observables such as the odd-even mass differences and odd-even
effects in charge radii. For a few isotope chains of spherical nuclei, the
calculations are performed with an exact treatment of the Gor'kov equations in
the coordinate-space representation. A zero-range cutoff density-dependent
pairing interaction with a density-gradient term is used. The evolution of
charge radii and nucleon separation energies is reproduced reasonably well
including kinks at magic neutron numbers and sizes of staggering. It is shown
that the density-dependent pairing may also induce sizeable staggering and
kinks in the evolution of the mean energies of multipole excitations. The
results are compared with the conventional mean field Skyrme-HFB and
relativistic Hartree-BCS calculations. With the formulated approach, an
extrapolation from the pairing properties of finite nuclei to pairing in
infinite matter is considered, and the dilute limit near the critical point, at
which the regime changes from weak to strong pairing, is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96202 </DOCNO>
Characterizing the Delaunay decompositions of compact hyperbolic


  Given a Delaunay decomposition of a compact hyperbolic surface, one may
record the topological data of the decomposition, together with the
intersection angles between the ``empty disks'' circumscribing the regions of
the decomposition. The main result of this paper is a characterization of when
a given topological decomposition and angle assignment can be realized as the
data of an actual Delaunay decomposition of a hyperbolic surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150094 </DOCNO>
The Master Ward Identity


  In the framework of perturbative quantum field theory (QFT) we propose a new,
universal (re)normalization condition (called 'master Ward identity') which
expresses the symmetries of the underlying classical theory. It implies for
example the field equations, energy-momentum, charge- and ghost-number
conservation, renormalized equal-time commutation relations and BRST-symmetry.
    It seems that the master Ward identity can nearly always be satisfied, the
only exceptions we know are the usual anomalies. We prove the compatibility of
the master Ward identity with the other (re)normalization conditions of causal
perturbation theory, and for pure massive theories we show that the 'central
solution' of Epstein and Glaser fulfills the master Ward identity, if the
UV-scaling behavior of its individual terms is not relatively lowered.
    Application of the master Ward identity to the BRST-current of non-Abelian
gauge theories generates an identity (called 'master BRST-identity') which
contains the information which is needed for a local construction of the
algebra of observables, i.e. the elimination of the unphysical fields and the
construction of physical states in the presence of an adiabatically switched
off interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1441 </DOCNO>
Epigenetics as a first exit problem


  We develop a framework to discuss stability of epigenetic states as first
exit problems in dynamical systems with noise. We consider in particular the
stability of the lysogenic state of the lambda prophage, which is known to
exhibit exceptionally large stability. The formalism defines a quantative
measure of robustness of inherited states.
  In contrast to Kramers' well-known problem of escape from a potential well,
the stability of inherited states in our formulation is not a numerically
trivial problem. The most likely exit path does not go along a steepest decent
of a potential -- there is no potential. Instead, such a path can be described
as a zero-energy trajectory between two equilibria in an auxiliary classical
mechanical system. Finding it is similar to e.g. computing heteroclinic orbits
in celestial mechanics. The overall lesson of this study is that an examination
of equilibria and their bifurcations with changing parameter values allow us to
quantify both the stability and the robustness of particular states of a
genetic control system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113997 </DOCNO>
Extrapolative Analysis of Fast-Switching Free Energy Estimates in a


  We perform an extrapolative analysis of "fast-growth" free-energy-difference
(DF) estimates of a computer-modeled, fully-solvated ethane<->methanol
transformation. The results suggest that extrapolation can greatly reduce the
systematic error in DF estimated from a small number of very fast switches. Our
extrapolation procedure uses block-averages of finite-data estimates, and
appears to be particularly useful for broad, non-Gaussian distributions of data
which produce substantial systematic errors with insufficient data. In every
tested case, the extrapolative results were better than direct estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72616 </DOCNO>
Spacetime Fluctuations and the Cosmological Constant Problem


  Spacetime geometry is treated as a fluctuating, stochastic quantum system
allowing an effective quantum gravity solution to the cosmological constant
problem. A Focker-Planck equation for the probability density of spacetime
metric fluctuations is solved for an FRW universe and the most probable value
for the metric scale factor R is for a very small cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41136 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Ds lifetime


  We report precise measurement of the Ds meson lifetime. The data were taken
by the SELEX experiment (E781) spectrometer using 600 GeV/c Sigma-, pi- and p
beams. The measurement has been done using 918 reconstructed Ds. The lifetime
of the Ds is measured to be 472.5 +- 17.2 +- 6.6 fs, using K*(892)0K+- and phi
pi+- decay modes. The lifetime ratio of Ds to D0 is 1.145+-0.049.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75838 </DOCNO>
The Earth Mantle-Core Effect in Matter-Induced Asymmetries for


  Earth medium effects in the three-neutrino oscillations of atmospheric
neutrinos are observable under appropriate conditions. This paper generalizes
the study of the medium effects and the possibility of their observation in the
atmospheric neutrino oscillations from the case of neutrinos traversing only
the Earth mantle, where the density is essentially constant, to the case of
atmospheric neutrinos crossing also the Earth core. In the latter case new
resonance-like effects become apparent. We calculate the CPT-odd asymmetry for
the survival probability of muon neutrinos and the observable muon-charge
asymmetry, taking into account the different atmospheric neutrino fluxes, and
show the dependence of these asymmetries on the sign of $\Delta m^{2}_{3 1}$
and on the magnitude of the mixing angle $\theta_{13}$. A magnetized detector
with a sufficiently good neutrino momentum resolution is required for the
observation of the muon-charge asymmetry generated by the Earth mantle-core
effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 981 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Dynamics of driven Flux Lines in Disordered Media


  We show that the common local Monte Carlo rules used to simulate the motion
of driven flux lines in disordered media cannot capture the interplay between
elasticity and disorder which lies at the heart of these systems. We therefore
discuss a class of generalized Monte Carlo algorithms where an arbitrary number
of line elements may move at the same time. We prove that all these dynamical
rules have the same value of the critical force and possess phase spaces made
up of a single ergodic component. A variant Monte Carlo algorithm allows to
compute the critical force of a sample in a single pass through the system. We
establish dynamical scaling properties and obtain precise values for the
critical force, which is finite even for an unbounded distribution of the
disorder. Extensions to higher dimensions are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113636 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of light scattering from an extended atomic wave packet


  The spectrum of the light scattered from an extended atomic wave packet is
calculated. For a wave packet consisting of two spatially separated peaks
moving on parallel trajectories, the spectrum contains Ramsey-like fringes that
are sensitive to the phase difference between the two components of the wave
packet. Using this technique, one can establish the mutual coherence of the two
components of the wave packet without recombining them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123464 </DOCNO>
The peculiar cluster HS 327 in the Large Magellanic Cloud: can OH/IR


  The obscured OH/IR star IRAS05298-6957 in the LMC was recently noticed to be
member of the small double cluster HS 327 that also contains a carbon star (van
Loon et al., 1998, A&A 329, 169). Hence they are coeval and have (nearly) the
same progenitor mass, which can only be understood if Hot Bottom Burning (HBB)
has prevented IRAS05298-6957 from being a carbon star. We present extensive
visual and near-IR photometric data for >10^4 stars in and around HS 327, and
spectroscopic data for some of the brightest AGB stars amongst these.
Colour-magnitude diagrams are used to estimate the age for the cluster and its
members, and luminosities are derived for the stars for which spectra have been
obtained. The age for IRAS05298-6957 and the carbon star is estimated to be
about 200 Myr. This corresponds to a Main-Sequence progenitor mass of about 4.0
M_sun --- the first direct measurement of the lower mass threshold for HBB.
This agrees with stellar evolution models that, however, fail to reproduce the
low luminosity of the carbon star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41525 </DOCNO>
Acceleration for the mu+ mu- Collider


  We discuss possible acceleration scenarios and methods for a mu+ mu-
collider. The accelerator must take the beams from ~100 MeV to 2 TeV within the
muon lifetime (2.2 x 10**(-6) E(mu)/m(mu) uS), while compressing bunches of
10**(12) muons from m to cm bunch lengths. Linac, recirculating linac, and very
rapid-cycling synchrotron approaches are studied. Multiple recirculating linac
approaches are matched to the muon lifetime and appear readily feasible.
Rapid-cycling approaches require innovations in magnet designs and layouts, but
could be much more affordable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149527 </DOCNO>
Tubular Field Theory


  We propose tubular field theory, which is a continuum analogue of lattice
field theory. One-dimensional links (and zero-dimensional sites) in lattice
field theory are replaced by two-dimensional tubes to result in two-dimensional
spacetime microscopically. As an example, scalar and gauge fields are
considered in `three-dimensional' tubular spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76365 </DOCNO>
Precision Determination of the Muon $g_{\mu}-2$ and $\bar{\alpha}_{\rm


  We present a summary of the results of two recent precise calculations of the
muon anomalous magnetic moment ($g_{\mu}-2$) and the electromagnetic coupling
on the $Z$ ($\bar{\alpha}_{\rm Q.E.D.}(M^2_{Z})$). The main sources of
uncertainty are underlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99140 </DOCNO>
Deformation de fibres vectoriels sur les varietes lisses de dimension


  Let X be a smooth 3-fold and let E be a rank 2 torsion free sheaf. In the
first part of this paper, we give some necessary conditions for the sheaf E to
be limit of vector bundles.
  In the second part, we describe an example of this problem. Thanks to the
construction of Ellingsrud and Stromme, we describe a familly of rank 2 sheaves
on P^3 (the 3-dimensional projective space). We show that for this familly, the
conditions of the first part are sufficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150215 </DOCNO>
A geometric approach to D-branes in group manifolds


  This is a brief review of some recent results on the geometric approach to
symmetric D-branes in group manifolds, both twisted and untwisted. We describe
the geometry of the gluing conditions and the quantisation condition in the
boundary WZW model, and we illustrate this by determining the consistent
twisted and untwisted D-branes in the Lie group SU_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5277 </DOCNO>
Dimensional crossover in alternating spin chains


  The effect of antiferromagnetic interchain coupling in alternating spin
(1,1/2) chains is studied by mean of spin wave theory and density matrix
renormalization group(DMRG). Two limiting cases are investigated, the two-leg
ladder and its two dimensional (2D) generalization. For the 2D case, spin wave
approximation predicts a smooth dimensional crossover keeping the ground state
ordered, whereas in the ladder case the DMRG results show a gapped ground state
for any $J_{\perp}>0$. Furthermore, the behavior of the correlation functions
closely resemble the uniform spin-1/2 ladder. However, for small $J_{\perp}$,
the gap behaves quadratically as $\Delta\sim0.6 J^2_{\perp}$. Similarly to
uniform spin chains, it is conjectured an analogous spin gap behavior for an
arbitrary number of mixed spin chains

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169257 </DOCNO>
Room temperature stable single-photon source


  We report on the realization of a stable solid state room temperature source
for single photons. It is based on the fluorescence of a single
nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in a diamond nanocrystal. Antibunching has
been observed in the fluorescence light under both continuous and pulsed
excitation. Our source delivers 2*10^4 single-photon pulses per second at an
excitation repetition rate of 10 MHz. The number of two-photon pulses is
reduced by a factor of five compared to strongly attenuated coherent sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83907 </DOCNO>
Separating Geometric Thickness from Book Thickness


  We show that geometric thickness and book thickness are not asymptotically
equivalent: for every t, there exists a graph with geometric thickness two and
book thickness >= t.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126002 </DOCNO>
WFPC2 Observations of Two dSph Galaxies in the M81 Group


  We have obtained HST WFPC2 and ground-based images of two low surface
brightness dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the M81 group, FM1 and KKH57. Their
colour-magnitude diagrams show red giant branches with tips at I = 23.77 +-
0.14 and I = 23.97 +- 0.17, respectively. The derived true distance moduli,
27.66 +- 0.16 and 27.96 +- 0.19, agree well with the mean distance modulus of
the M81 group, 27.84 +- 0.05. Absolute V magnitudes of the galaxies (-11.46 and
-10.85), their colours ((B-V) = 0.88 and 0.80), and central surface
brightnesses ($\Sigma_{0,V}$ = 24.8 and 24.4 mag/$\sq\arcsec$) are in the range
of other dSph companions of M81, M31, and Milky Way. With two new objects the
maximum projected radius of the dwarf spheroidal subsystem around M81 is 380
kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72482 </DOCNO>
Third Generation Seesaw Mixing with new Vector-Like Weak-Doublet Quarks


  We present a class of models with a third generation seesaw mixing with new
vector-like weak-doublet quarks. We analyze a low-energy phenomenology and
present several strong dynamics, high-energy realizations of these models. In
the Topcolor type scenario, named Top-Bottom Color, we obtain an effective,
composite two Higgs doublet model where the third generation isospin splitting
is introduced via tilting interactions related to the broken non-abelian gauge
groups (i.e. without strong, triviality-sensitive U(1) groups). In addition, we
discuss $t\bar{t}$ production at the Next Linear Collider (NLC) and suggest how
one can experimentally observe and distinguish between the weak-doublet and the
weak-singlet types of seesaw mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127319 </DOCNO>
Strong Correlation between the High-latitude Steady Unidentified


  We report an evidence for the first time that merging clusters of galaxies
are a promising candidate for the origin of high galactic-latitude, steady
unidentified EGRET gamma-ray sources. We made a matched-filter survey of galaxy
clusters over 4arcdeg x 4arcdeg areas around seven steady unidentified EGRET
sources at |b|>45arcdeg together with a 100 sqdeg area near the South Galactic
Pole as a control field. In total, 154 Abell-like cluster candidates with
z_{est}<= 0.15 and 18 close pairs/groups of these clusters, expected to be
possibly merging clusters, were identified. Five among the seven EGRET sources
have one or two cluster pairs/groups (CPGs) within 1 arcdeg from them.
  We assessed the projected number density excess of clusters and CPGs around
these EGRET sources. A strong excess of 3.7 sigma level is found for CPGs
while, in contrast, not for single clusters. The mean angular separation
between the EGRET sources and their closest CPGs also shows a strong
correlation between them. These results imply that bulk of the steady
unidentified EGRET sources at high-latitude are associated with close CPGs, not
with single clusters, and indirectly support the gamma-ray cluster hypothesis
recently proposed for a part of unidentified EGRET sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150109 </DOCNO>
Some more remarks on the Witten-Veneziano formula for the $\eta'$ mass


  We discuss some subtleties in connection with the new attempts to provide a
firm basis for ths Witten-Veneziano formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169485 </DOCNO>
Delay-dependent amplification of a probe pulse via stimulated Rayleigh


  Stimulated Rayleigh scattering of pump and probe light pulses of close
carrier frequencies is considered. A nonzero time delay between the two pulses
is shown to give rise to amplification of the delayed (probe) pulse accompanied
by attenuation of the pump, both on resonance and off resonance. In either
case, phase-matching effects are shown to provide a sufficiently large gain,
which can exceed significantly direct one-photon-absorption losses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127678 </DOCNO>
A burst from the direction of UZ Fornacis with XMM-Newton


  The XMM-Newton pointing towards the magnetic cataclysmic variable UZ For
finds the source to be a factor > 10^3 fainter than previous EXOSAT and ROSAT
observations. The source was not detected for the majority of a 22 ksec
exposure with the EPIC cameras, suggesting that the accretion rate either
decreased, or stopped altogether. However a 1.1 ksec burst was detected from UZ
For during the observation. Spectral fits favour optically thin, kT = 4.4 keV
thermal emission. Detection of the burst by the on-board Optical Monitor
indicates that this was most probably an accretion event. The 0.1-10 keV
luminosity of 2.1 x 10^30 erg/s is typical for accretion shock emission from
high state polars and would result from the potential energy release of ~ 10^16
g of gas. There is no significant soft excess due to reprocessing in the white
dwarf atmosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167973 </DOCNO>
Universal unitary gate for single-photon 2-qubit states


  Upon entangling a spatial binary alternative of a photon with its
polarization, one can use single photons to study arbitrary 2-qubit states.
Sending the photon through a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, equipped with sets of
wave plates that change the polarization, amounts to performing a unitary
transformation on the 2-qubit state. We show that any desired unitary gate can
be realized by a judicious choice of the parameters of the set-up and discuss a
number of applications. They include the diagnosis of an unknown 2-qubit state,
an optical Grover search, and the realization of a thought experiment invented
by Vaidman, Aharonov, and Albert.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81100 </DOCNO>
A No-Go Theorem for the Compatibility between Involutions of the First


  We prove that the following three properties can not match each other on a
lattice, that differentials of coordinate functions are algebraically dependent
to their involutive conjugates, that the involution on a lattice is an
antihomomorphism and that differential calculus has a natural continuum limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124300 </DOCNO>
Simulating galaxy surveys with FIRST (PACS & SPIRE)


  The next generation of submillimetre/millimetre instruments will provide us
with a deeper insight into the mechanisms that rule galaxy formation. As the
brightest starbursts are thought to be heavily obscured at optical wavelengths,
the opening of this new window will complement the present observations, and
enable a detailed investigation of the hierarchical merging of galaxies at
remote epochs. In this context, we will present preliminary results of
simulations currently developed for deep galaxy surveys with FIRST.
  N-body simulations of galaxy mergers are being developed to produce realistic
morphologies and star formation histories. A Schmidt law is used to account for
the evolution of the stellar and gas content of each particle. These
simulations will be gathered in a library, including the temporal information
with a timestep of 10 Myr. We then build consistent spectra accounting for this
star formation history at each resolution element of the simulations. These
morphologies will be included in the framework of the GalICS hybrid model of
hierarchical galaxy formation, which reproduces the main observational
constraints. We intend to present synthetic maps with the characteristics of
the FIRST PACS/SPIRE instruments and discuss the optimal strategy for deep
surveys complemented with the ground-based ALMA project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72856 </DOCNO>
Melosh Construction Of Relativistic Three-Quark Baryon Wave Functions


  A method for constructing a complete set of relativistic three-quark states
in light front dynamics is implemented for the nucleon, N$^*$(1520) and
N$^*$(1535). This approach facilitates constructing states containing virtual
antiquarks. A physical interpretation is provided in terms of transition
amplitudes from quark to quark-gluon or quark-Goldstone boson Fock states of
chiral dynamics generated by flux tube breaking expected in QCD at intermediate
distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129621 </DOCNO>
The tricky galactic cluster NGC2420


  We discuss the CM diagram of the galactic cluster NGC2420 to the light of
current theoretical predictions. By relying on the most recent updating of the
physical input, one finds too luminous theoretical He burning stars together
with the evidence for a misfitting of the lower portion of the MS. Moreover one
finds two well known overshooting signatures, as given by i) the large
extension of the "hook" preceding the overall contraction gap, and ii) the
scarcity of stars just at the end of the gap. We show that the overluminosity
of He burning stars appears as a constant prediction of models based on updated
physics, whereas alternative assumptions about the Equation of State can
account for the MS fitting. Moreover, due to the scarse statistical
significance of the observational sample, one finds that overshooting
signatures can be present also in canonical (without overshooting) predictions.
We conclude that, unfortunately, NGC2420 does not keep the promise to be of
help in costraining the actual dimensions of convective cores in H burning MS
stars, suggesting in the meantime that using clumping He burning stars as
theoretical standard candle is at least a risky procedure. In this context the
need for firmer constraints about the reddening of galactic clusters is shortly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129585 </DOCNO>
Reanalysis of Ichinohe's Observations of RU Cam


  The W Vir-type variable star, RU Cam, once claimed to have stopped pulsation,
has been known to show irregularly variable amplitude. It has also shown from
the analysis of the VSOLJ archive that visual observers of the VSOLJ have
recorded the cessation of pulsation and its possible resumption, together with
the phase of large-amplitude variation around 1910. We present the result of
reanalysis of Ichinohe's original data until 1911, by using the Hipparcos
V-magnitudes of the comparison stars. The range of light variation was
8.26-9.33, giving an amplitude of 1.07 mag. Our new analysis, however, rather
disproves the existence of the secondary maximum which Ichinohe (1909)
described, giving a more consistent, typical W Vir-type, light curve with those
of other observers at that epoch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5661 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism in a Realistic Two-Band Model: A Slave-Boson Study


  Using a slave boson representation of multi-band Hubbard models, we
investigate a two-band model relevant to layered perovskites in the vicinity of
half-filling. Beside the strong influence of the Hund's rule coupling, we
obtain that the phase diagram separates into two regions: a weak to moderate
coupling region where the effective mass is weakly renormalized, and a strong
coupling regime where it is strongly renormalized. The transition between these
two regimes is very sharp. It takes place in a (vanishingly) small domain. A
ferromagnetic instability in only found in the strongly correlated regime, and
is triggered by the Hund's rule coupling. The results are compared to La-doped
layered ruthenates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179426 </DOCNO>
Structure of Light Unstable Nuclei Studied with Antisymmetrized


  Structures of light unstable nuclei, Li, Be, B, and C isotopes are
systematically studied with a microscopic method of antisymmetrized molecular
dynamics. The theoretical method is found to be very useful to study ground and
excited states of various nuclei covering unstable nuclei. The calculations
succeed to reproduce many experimental data for nuclear structures; energies,
radii, magnetic dipole moments, electric quadrupole moments, transition
strength. In the theoretical results it is found that various exotic phenomena
in unstable nuclei such as molecular-like structures, neutron skin, and large
deformations may appear in unstabel nuclei. We investigate the structure change
with the increase of neutron number and with the increase of the excitation
energies, and find the drastic changes between shell-model-like structures and
clustering structures. The mechanism of clustering developments in unstable
nuclei are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123384 </DOCNO>
A New Very Cool White Dwarf Discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey


  Early data taken during commissioning of the SDSS have resulted in the
discovery of a very cool white dwarf. It appears to have stronger collision
induced absorption from molecular hydrogen than any other known white dwarf,
suggesting it has a cooler temperature than any other. While its distance is
presently unknown, it has a surprisingly small proper motion, making it
unlikely to be a halo star. An analysis of white dwarf cooling times suggests
that this object may be a low-mass star with a helium core. The SDSS imaging
and spectroscopy also recovered LHS 3250, the coolest previously known white
dwarf, indicating that the SDSS will be an effective tool for identifying these
extreme objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124101 </DOCNO>
Young Supernova Remnants in the Magellanic Clouds


  There are a half-dozen or so young supernova remnants in the Magellanic
Clouds that display one or more of the following characteristics: high velocity
(>1000 km/s) emission, enhanced metallicity, or a rapidly rotating pulsar. I
summarize the current state of knowledge of these remnants and present some
recent results mostly from the new X-ray astronomy satellites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41644 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein States of the Standard Model Gauge Bosons: Constraints From


  In theories with the standard model gauge bosons propagating in
inverse-TeV-size extra dimensions, their Kaluza-Klein states interact with the
rest of the SM particles confined to the 3-brane. We look for possible signals
for this interaction in the present high-energy collider data, and estimate the
sensitivity offered by the next generation of collider experiments. Based on
the present data from the LEP 2, Tevatron, and HERA experiments, we set a lower
limit on the extra dimension compactification scale Mc > 6.8 TeV at the 95%
confidence level (dominated by the LEP 2 results) and quote expected
sensitivities in the Tevatron Run 2 and at the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87055 </DOCNO>
Brane Big-Bang Brought by Bulk Bubble


  We propose an alternative inflationary universe scenario in the context of
Randall-Sundrum braneworld cosmology. In this new scenario the existence of
extra-dimension(s) plays an essential role. First, the brane universe is
initially in the inflationary phase driven by the effective cosmological
constant induced by small mismatch between the vacuum energy in the
5-dimensional bulk and the brane tension. This mismatch arises since the bulk
is initially in a false vacuum. Then, the false vacuum decay occurs, nucleating
a true vacuum bubble with negative energy inside the bulk. The nucleated bubble
expands in the bulk and consequently hits the brane, bringing a hot big-bang
brane universe of the Randall-Sundrum type. Here, the termination of the
inflationary phase is due to the change of the bulk vacuum energy. The bubble
kinetic energy heats up the universe. As a simple realization, we propose a
model, in which we assume an interaction between the brane and the bubble. We
derive the constraints on the model parameters taking into account the
following requirements: solving the flatness problem, no force which prohibits
the bubble from colliding with the brane, sufficiently high reheating
temperature for the standard nucleosynthesis to work, and the recovery of
Newton's law up to 1mm. We find that a fine tuning is needed in order to
satisfy the first and the second requirements simultaneously, although, the
other constraints are satisfied in a wide range of the model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128101 </DOCNO>
Environmental effects in galaxies: Molecular Gas, Star Formation, and


  In order to study whether there is any correlation between nuclear
activities, gas content, and the environment where galaxies reside, we have
obtained optical and millimetric spectra for a well-defined sample of
intermediate Hubble type spirals in dense environments and in the field. We
found that these spirals in dense environments have on average: less molecular
gas per blue luminosity, higher atomic gas fraction, lower current star
formation rate, and the same star formation efficiency as field galaxies.
Although none of these results stand out as a single strong diagnostic, given
their statistical significance, taken together they indicate a trend for
diminished gas content and star formation activity in galaxies in high density
environments. Our results suggest that galaxies in dense environments have
either (i) consumed their molecular gas via star formation in the past or (ii)
that dense environments leads to an inhibition of molecular gas from atomic
phase. The similarities in star formation efficiency of the dense environments
and field galaxies suggest that the physical processes controling the formation
of stars from the molecular gas are local rather than global. We also found
that star formation rate per blue luminosity increases linearly as the total
amount of gas increases in LINERs. This result, based on a small sample,
suggests that LINERs are powered by star formation rather than an AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124292 </DOCNO>
A Next Generation High-speed Data Acquisition System for Multi-channel


  We report the design, operation, and performance of a next generation
high-speed data acquisition system for multi-channel infrared and optical
photometry based on the modern technologies of Field Programmable Gate Arrays,
the Peripheral Component Interconnect bus, and the Global Positioning System.
This system allows either direct recording of photon arrival times or binned
photon counting with time resolution up to 1-$\mu$s precision in Universal
Time, as well as real-time data monitoring and analysis. The system also allows
simultaneous recording of multi-channel observations with very flexible,
reconfigurable observational modes. We present successful 20-$\mu$s resolution
simultaneous observations of the Crab Nebula Pulsar in the infrared (H-band)
and optical (V-band) wavebands obtained with this system and 100-$\mu$s
resolution V-band observations of the dwarf nova IY Uma with the 5-m Hale
telescope at the Palomar Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96307 </DOCNO>
Subspaces of Non-commutative Spaces


  This paper examines various kinds of subspaces of the non-commutative spaces
that are modelled on quasi-projective commutative schemes. It is shown how
intersections and unions of weakly closed subspaces, closed subspaces, their
weakly open and open complements, behave. Intersections with effective divisors
are also examined, and so are closed points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129656 </DOCNO>
An Upper Limit on the Mass of a Primordial Star due to the Formation of


  We analytically investigate the formation of an HII region in the accreting
envelope of a newborn star. Special care is taken to examine the role of
ionizing radiation force. This effect modifies velocity and density
distributions and thereby affects the expansion of the HII region. As a result,
the upper limit of the stellar mass imposed by the growth of an HII region
around a forming star is increased by a larger factor than the previous
estimate. In particular, for a star forming out of metal-free gas, this
mechanism does not impose a firm upper limit on its mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150140 </DOCNO>
Gluon coupling strength in H_QCD with small cutoffs


  This contribution presents the running triple-gluon-vertex coupling constant,
g_lambda, in Hamiltonians for the gluons that are characterized by the size
1/lambda. The coupling constant is obtained from renormalization group
equations for effective particles in canonical light-front QCD in third order
perturbation theory. lambda plays the role of a finite cutoff parameter and is
varied from 100 Gev down to 100 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72478 </DOCNO>
Charming penguin contributions to B => K \pi


  We present calculations of the charming-penguin long-distance contributions
to B => K \pi decays due to intermediate charmed meson states. Our calculation
is based on the Chiral Effective Lagrangean for light and heavy mesons,
corrected for the hard pion and kaon momenta. We find that the charming-penguin
contributions increase significantly the B => K \pi decay rates in comparison
with the short-distance contributions, giving results in better agreement with
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125013 </DOCNO>
Experimental Constraints on the Axion Dark Matter Halo Density


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author(s) to allow for collaboration
comment inclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76295 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of Self-consistent Approximation schemes Finite


  The theoretical concepts for the renormalization of self-consistent Dyson
resummations, deviced in the first paper of this series, are applied to first
example cases for the $\phi^4$-theory. Besides the tadpole (Hartree)
approximation as a novel part the numerical solutions are presented which
includes the sunset self-energy diagram into the self-consistent scheme based
on the $\Phi$-derivable approximation or 2PI effective action concept.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128577 </DOCNO>
Mkn 463 field observed by BeppoSAX


  In this work we present the observation of the Mkn 463 field performed with
the MECS instrument on-board BeppoSAX in the 1.8-10.5 keV band. The Mkn 463
field is an example of an extragalactic field crowded with absorbed X-ray
sources: apart from the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mkn 463 and the well known QSO PG
1352+183 (the only object showing no absorption), two other objects are
detected with a column density in excess to the galactic value. The first 1SAX
J1353.9+1820 is a red QSO from the BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey
(HELLAS). The second 1SAX J1355.4+1815 is optically unidentified, but its X-ray
spectral characteristics indicate that it too is an AGN hidden behind a large
column density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96568 </DOCNO>
On the elliptic genus of positively curved manifolds with symmetry


  Let $M$ be a closed Riemannian $Spin$-manifold of positive sectional
curvature. By a theorem of Lichnerowicz the index of the Dirac operator of $M$
vanishes. We show the vanishing of additional indices provided that the
symmetry rank of $M$ is greater than one and the dimension of $M$ is
sufficiently large. These indices occur as coefficients in the expansion of the
elliptic genus of $M$ in one of its cusps. If one restricts to metrics with a
prescribed lower bound on the symmetry rank the result may be used to exhibit
simply connected manifolds which admit a metric of positive Ricci curvature but
no metric of positive sectional curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98726 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic decomposition of the zeta-determinant and Scattering theory


  We discuss the decomposition of the zeta-determinant of the square of the
Dirac operator into contributions coming from the different parts of the
manifold. The easy case was worked in the previous paper of authors. Due to the
assumptions made on the operators in the previous paper, we were able to avoid
the presence of the small eigenvalues which provide the large time contibution
to the determinant. In the present work we analyze the general case. We offer a
detailed analysis of the contribution made by the small eigenvalues. The idea
is based on the method used by Werner M"uller in his paper where he studied the
eta-invariant on a manifold with cylindrical end. The analysis of the
zeta-determinant, however, is more difficult. The difference is illustrated
nicely in the proof of the Lesch-Wojciechowski formula for the ratio of the
zeta-determinants of the Dirac operator subject to the two different boundary
conditions provided in the final sections of the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125602 </DOCNO>
Models of the SL9 Impacts II. Radiative-hydrodynamic Modeling of the


  We model the plume "splashback" phase of the SL9 collisions with Jupiter
using the ZEUS-3D hydrodynamic code. We modified the Zeus code to include gray
radiative transport, and we present validation tests. We couple the infalling
mass and momentum fluxes of SL9 plume material (from paper I) to a jovian
atmospheric model. A strong and complex shock structure results. The modeled
shock temperatures agree well with observations, and the structure and
evolution of the modeled shocks account for the appearance of high excitation
molecular line emission after the peak of the continuum light curve. The
splashback region cools by radial expansion as well as by radiation. The
morphology of our synthetic continuum light curves agree with observations over
a broad wavelength range (0.9 to 12 microns). A feature of our ballistic plume
is a shell of mass at the highest velocities, which we term the "vanguard".
Portions of the vanguard ejected on shallow trajectories produce a lateral
shock front, whose initial expansion accounts for the "third precursors" seen
in the 2-micron light curves of the larger impacts, and for hot methane
emission at early times. Continued propagation of this lateral shock
approximately reproduces the radii, propagation speed, and centroid positions
of the large rings observed at 3-4 microns by McGregor et al. The portion of
the vanguard ejected closer to the vertical falls back with high z-component
velocities just after maximum light, producing CO emission and the "flare" seen
at 0.9 microns. The model also produces secondary maxima ("bounces") whose
amplitudes and periods are in agreement with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127124 </DOCNO>
Ultracompact X-Ray Binaries with Neon-Rich Degenerate Donors


  There are three low-mass X-ray binaries (4U 0614+091, 2S 0918-549, and 4U
1543-624) for which broad line emission near 0.7 keV was previously reported. A
recent high-resolution observation of 4U 0614+091 with the Chandra/LETGS found
evidence for an unusually high Ne/O abundance ratio along the line of sight but
failed to detect the previously reported 0.7 keV feature. We have made a search
of archival ASCA spectra and identified a fourth source with the 0.7 keV
feature, the 20-min ultracompact binary 4U 1850-087. In all four of these
sources, the 0.7 keV residual is eliminated from the ASCA spectra by allowing
excess photoelectric absorption due to a non-solar relative abundance of neon,
just as in the LETGS spectrum of 4U 0614+091. The optical properties of these
systems suggest that all four are ultracompact (P_orb<80 min) binaries. We
propose that there is excess neon local to each of these sources, as also found
in the ultracompact binary pulsar 4U 1626-67. We suggest that the mass donor in
these systems is a low-mass, neon-rich degenerate dwarf and that the binaries
are all ultracompact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96910 </DOCNO>
Tetracomposition


  We consider basic algebraic constructions associated with an abstract
pre-operad, such as a $\smile$-algebra, total composition $\bul$,
pre-coboundary operator $\de$, tribraces $\{\cdot,\cdot,\cdot\}$ and
tetrabraces $\{\cdot,\cdot,\cdot,\cdot\}$. A derivation deviation of the
pre-coboundary operator over the tetrabraces is calculated in terms of the
$\smile$-multiplication and tribraces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 256 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics and Fractional Fokker-Planck Equations


  The relaxation to equilibrium in many systems which show strange kinetics is
described by fractional Fokker-Planck equations (FFPEs). These can be
considered as phenomenological equations of linear nonequilibrium theory. We
show that the FFPEs describe the system whose noise in equilibrium funfills the
Nyquist theorem. Moreover, we show that for subdiffusive dynamics the solutions
of the corresponding FFPEs are probability densities for all cases where the
solutions of normal Fokker-Planck equation (with the same Fokker-Planck
operator and with the same initial and boundary conditions) exist. The
solutions of the FFPEs for superdiffusive dynamics are not always probability
densities. This fact means only that the corresponding kinetic coefficients are
incompatible with each other and with the initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113755 </DOCNO>
Distinquishing of indistinquishable. Coarse graining of relationships


  At present many of the endeavours in physics are made to recognize in quantum
substance classical reality, time, subjectivity, consciousness and many other
physical and nonphysical features. The purpose of these remarks is to draw
attention to a fact that perplex situations are to be understood in 'unteared
off' manner of fundamental and relative 'mixture'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4644 </DOCNO>
Quantum Information in Space and Time


  Many important results in modern quantum information theory have been
obtained for an idealized situation when the spacetime dependence of quantum
phenomena is neglected. However the transmission and processing of (quantum)
information is a physical process in spacetime. Therefore such basic notions in
quantum information theory as the notions of composite systems, entangled
states and the channel should be formulated in space and time. We emphasize the
importance of the investigation of quantum information in space and time.
Entangled states in space and time are considered. A modification of Bell`s
equation which includes the spacetime variables is suggested. A general
relation between quantum theory and theory of classical stochastic processes is
proposed. It expresses the condition of local realism in the form of a {\it
noncommutative spectral theorem}. Applications of this relation to the security
of quantum key distribution in quantum cryptography are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86209 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Nonlinear Sigma Models on Ricci-flat Kahler Manifolds


  We propose a class of N=2 supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models on the
Ricci-flat Kahler manifolds with O(n) symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5745 </DOCNO>
Acoustic properties of colloidal crystals


  We present a systematic study of the frequency band structure of acoustic
waves in crystals consisting of nonoverlapping solid spheres in a fluid. We
consider colloidal crystals consisting of polystyrene spheres in water, and an
opal consisting of close-packed silica spheres in air. The opal exhibits an
omnidirectional frequency gap of considerable width; the colloidal crystals do
not. The physical origin of the bands are discussed for each case in some
detail. We present also results on the transmittance of finite slabs of the
above crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124557 </DOCNO>
Kaonic modes in hyperonic matter and p-wave kaon condensation


  Kaon excitations (kaonic modes) are investigated in hyperonic matter, where
hyperons ($\Lambda$, $\Sigma^-$, $\Xi^-$) are mixed in the ground state of
neutron-star matter. $P$-wave kaon-baryon interactions as well as the s-wave
interactions are taken into account within chiral effective Lagrangian, and the
nonrelativistic effective baryon-baryon interactions are incorporated. When the
hyperon $\Lambda$ is more abundant than the proton at high baryon density, a
proton-particle-$\Lambda$-hole mode, which has the $K^+$ quantum number,
appears in addition to other particle-hole modes with the $K^-$ quantum number.
It is shown that the system becomes unstable with respect to a spontaneous
creation of a pair of the particle-hole modes with $K^+$ and $K^-$ quantum
numbers, stemming from the p-wave kaon-baryon interaction. The onset density of
this p-wave kaon condensation may be lower than that of the s-wave $K^-$
condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96273 </DOCNO>
From PCM to KDV and Back


  This is a summary of progress made in understanding the occurrence and
properties of local, conserved, commuting charges in non-linear sigma-models,
including principal chiral models (PCMs) and WZW models. (Contribution to the
NATO-ASI meeting: Integrable Hierarchies and Modern Physical Theories,
University of Illinois at Chicago, July 2000.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2463 </DOCNO>
Microstructure and Structural Defects in MgB2 Superconductor


  We report a detailed study of the microstructure and defects in sintered
polycrystalline MgB2. Both TEM and x-ray data reveal that MgO is the major
second-phase in our bulk samples. Although MgB2 and MgO have different crystal
symmetries, being P6/mmm and Fm-3m, respectively, their stacking sequence of Mg
and B (or O) and lattice spacings in certain crystallographic orientations are
very similar. The size of MgO varies from 10~500nm, and its mismatch with the
MgB2 matrix can be a source for dislocations. Dislocations in MgB2 often have a
Burgers vector of <100>. 1/3<1-10> and 1/3<210> partial dislocations and their
associated stacking faults were also observed. Since both dislocations and
stacking faults are located in the (001) basal plane, flux pinning anisotropy
is expected. Diffuse scattering analysis suggests that the correlation length
along the c-axis for defect-free basal planes is about 50nm. (001) twist
grain-boundaries, formed by rotations along the c-axis, are major grain
boundaries in MgB2 as a result of the out-of-plane weak bonding between Mg and
B atoms. An excess of Mg was observed in some grain boundaries. High-resolution
nano-probe EELS reveals that there is a difference in near edge structure of
the boron K-edge acquired from grain boundaries and grain interiors. The change
at the edge threshold may be suggestive of variation of the hole concentration
that would significantly alter boundary superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4736 </DOCNO>
Regulation effects on market with Bak-Sneppen model in high dimensions


  We present the effect of regulations on self-organized market by using
biological model of Bak-Sneppen in higher dimensions. This study extends the
idea of Cuniberti et.al. The higher-dimensional description of the market
suffices less effect of regulation than that of lower one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6191 </DOCNO>
Damping of spin waves and singularity of the longitudinal modes in the


  By inelastic scattering of polarized neutrons near the (200)-Bragg
reflection, the susceptibilities and linewidths of the spin waves and the
longitudinal spin fluctuations were determined separately. By aligning the
momentum transfers q perpendicular to both \delta S_sw and the spontaneous
magnetization M_s, we explored the statics and dynamics of these modes with
transverse polarizations with respect to q. In the dipolar critical regime,
where the inverse correlation length kappa_z(T) and q are smaller than the
dipolar wavenumber q_d, we observe:(i) the static susceptibility of \delta
S_sw^T(q) displays the Goldstone divergence while for \delta S_z^T(q) the
Ornstein-Zernicke shape fits the data with a possible indication of a
thermal(mass-)renormalization at the smallest q-values, i.e. we find
indications for the predicted 1/q divergence of the longitudinal
susceptibility; (ii) the spin wave dispersion as predicted by the
Holstein-Primakoff theory revealing q_d=0.23(1)\AA^{-1}in good agreement with
previous work in the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic regime of EuS; (iii) within
experimental error, the (Lorentzian) linewidths of both modes turn out to be
identical with respect to the q^2-variation, the temperature independence and
the absolute magnitude. Due to the linear dispersion of the spin waves they
remain underdamped for q<q_d. These central results differ significantly from
the well known exchange dominated critical dynamics, but are quantitatively
explained in terms of dynamical scaling and existing data for T>=T_C. The
available mode-mode coupling theory, which takes the dipolar interactions fully
into account, describes the gross features of the linewidths but not all
details of the T- and q-dependencies. PACS: 68.35.Rh, 75.40.Gb

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41355 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Physics at HERA


  Both components of the Standard Model, QCD and the electroweak sector, are
tested in the H1 and ZEUS experiments at HERA. The inclusive ep single and
double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current processes
are measured in the range of four-momentum transfer squared, Q2, between 0.045
and 30000 GeV2, and Bjorken x between 10^{-6} and 0.65. The neutral current
double differential cross section, from which the proton structure function F2
and the longitudinal structure function FL are extracted, is measured at low x
with typically 1% statistical and 2-3% systematic uncertainties. In a next-to-
leading order (NLO) DGLAP QCD analysis using the H1 measurements and the mu p
data of the BCDMS collaboration the strong coupling constant alpha_s and the
gluon momentum distribution are simultaneously determined. A value of alpha_s
(MZ)=0.1150+-0.0017(exp){+0.0009}{-0.0005}(model) is obtained, with an
additional theoretical uncertainty of about +-0.005, mainly due to the
uncertainty of the renormalisation scale. F2c, the charm contribution to F2, is
measured and well described by the boson gluon fusion production mechanism
using the gluon distribution from the NLO QCD analysis. The gluon distribution
and the strong coupling constant alpha_s are also determined from jet
production. For Q2>1000 GeV2, an asymmetry between e+p and e-p neutral current
scattering is observed and the structure function xF3 is extracted. A fit to
the charged current data is used to determine a value for the W boson
propagator mass. All data are found to be in good agreement with Standard Model
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179572 </DOCNO>
Subthreshold phi-meson production in heavy-ion collisions


  Within a transport code of BUU type the production of phi-mesons in the
reactions Ni+Ni at 1.93 AGeV and Ru+Ru at 1.69 AGeV is studied. New elementary
reaction channels rho+N(Delta) to phi+N and pi+N(1520) to phi+N are included.
In spite of a substantial increase of the \phi multiplicities by these channels
the results stay below the tentative numbers extracted from experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 610 </DOCNO>
Out of plane optical conductivity in d-wave superconductors


  We study theoretically the out of plane optical conductivity of d-wave
superconductors in the presence of impurities at T=0K. Unlike the usual
approach, we assume that the interlayer quasi-particle transport is due to
coherent tunneling. The present model describes the T^2 dependence of the out
of plane superfluid density observed in YBCO and Tl2201 for example. In the
optical conductivity there is no Drude peak in agreement with experiment, and
the interlayer Josephson tunneling is also assured in this model. In the
unitary limit we predict a step like behaviour around omega=Delta in both the
real and imaginary part of the optical conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 883 </DOCNO>
Kronecker's Double Series and Exact Asymptotic Expansion for Free Models


  For the free models of statistical mechanics on torus, exact asymptotic
expansions of the free energy, the internal energy and the specific heat in the
vicinity of the critical point are found. It is shown that there is direct
relation between the terms of the expansion and the Kronecker's double series.
The latter can be expressed in terms of the elliptic theta-functions in all
orders of the asymptotic expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76048 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of isolated photons at HERA in NLO QCD


  The NLO QCD calculation for the photoproduction of the isolated photon with a
large $p_T$ at the HERA $ep$ collider is presented. The single resolved photon
contribution and the QCD corrections of order $\alpha_s$ to the Born term are
consistently included. The sizeable NNLO contributions, the box and the double
resolved photon subprocesses, are taken into account in addition. The
importance of the isolation cut, as well as the influence of other experimental
cuts on the p_T and rapidity eta_gamma distributions are discussed in detail.
Results are compared with experimental data and with the different NLO
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86068 </DOCNO>
Manufacture of Gowdy spacetimes with spikes


  In numerical studies of Gowdy spacetimes evidence has been found for the
development of localized features (spikes) involving large gradients near the
singularity. The rigorous mathematical results available up to now did not
cover this kind of situation. In this work we show the existence of large
classes of Gowdy spacetimes exhibiting features of the kind discovered
numerically. These spacetimes are constructed by applying certain
transformations to previously known spacetimes without spikes. It is possible
to control the behaviour of the Kretschmann scalar near the singularity in
detail. This curvature invariant is found to blow up in a way which is
non-uniform near the spike in some cases. When this happens it demonstrates
that the spike is a geometrically invariant feature and not an artefact of the
choice of variables used to parametrize the metric. We also identify another
class of spikes which are artefacts. The spikes produced by our method are
compared with the results of numerical and heuristic analyses of the same
situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148609 </DOCNO>
Born-Infeld Chern-Simons Theory: Hamiltonian Embedding, Duality and


  In this paper we study in detail the equivalence of the recently introduced
Born-Infeld self dual model to the Abelian Born-Infeld-Chern-Simons model in
2+1 dimensions. We first apply the improved Batalin, Fradkin and Tyutin scheme,
to embed the Born-Infeld Self dual model to a gauge system and show that the
embedded model is equivalent to Abelian Born-Infeld-Chern-Simons theory. Next,
using Buscher's duality procedure, we demonstrate this equivalence in a
covariant Lagrangian formulation and also derive the mapping between the
n-point correlators of the (dual) field strength in Born-Infeld Chern-Simons
theory and of basic field in Born-Infeld Self dual model. Using this
equivalence, the bosonization of a massive Dirac theory with a non-polynomial
Thirring type current-current coupling, to leading order in (inverse) fermion
mass is also discussed. We also re-derive it using a master Lagrangian.
Finally, the operator equivalence between the fermionic current and (dual)
field strength of Born-Infeld Chern-Simons theory is deduced at the level of
correlators and using this the current-current commutators are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126463 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of Herbig-Haro Objects and Jets in the Orion Nebula


  We have surveyed the inner 5' of the Orion Nebula by means of Halpha and
[NII] Fabry-Perot imaging spectroscopy to present a kinematical study of the
Herbig-Haro objects in the nebula. The objects studied in this work are HH 202,
203, 204, 529, 269 and other associated features. For HH 202 we find new
features that, because of their high velocities (up to 100 km/seg) indicate the
presence of an outflow that probably is a HH flow not catalogued previously. HH
202 could be only a part of this larger outflow. Large internal motions are
found in the fainter regions of HH 203-204, as well as evidence of transverse
density gradients that could account for the asymmetry in the brightness
distribution of HH 204. We report for the first time a high blueshifted
velocity (-118 km/seg) associated with HH 204, and show that the apex of HH 204
is indeed the zone of maximum velocity, in agreement with bow shock models. We
also studied the radial velocity field of HH 269 finding features associated
with the HH object. From our studies, we find kinematic evidence that suggests
that HH 203-204 and HH 202 are part of a big (aprox. 0.55 pc) bipolar HH
outflow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179100 </DOCNO>
In-Medium Effective Pion Mass from Heavy-Baryon Chiral Perturbation


  Using heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory, we have calculated all the
diagrams up to two-loop order which contribute to the S-wave pion self-energy
in symmetric nuclear matter. Some subtleties related to the definition of pion
fields are discussed. The in-medium pion mass is turned out to be increased by
only (5 - 6) per cents in normal nuclear matter density, without any off-shell
ambiguity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179149 </DOCNO>
K_{l3} transition form factors


  The rainbow truncation of the quark Dyson-Schwinger equation is combined with
the ladder Bethe-Salpeter equation for the meson bound state amplitudes and the
dressed quark-W vertex in a manifestly covariant calculation of the K_{l3}
transition form factors and decay width in impulse approximation. With model
gluon parameters previously fixed by the chiral condensate, the pion mass and
decay constant, and the kaon mass, our results for the K_{l3} form factors and
the kaon semileptonic decay width are in good agreement with the experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148993 </DOCNO>
Four dimensional N=1 supersymmetrization of R^4 in superspace


  We write an action, in four dimensional N=1 curved superspace, which contains
a pure R^4 term with a coupling constant. Starting from the off-shell solution
of the Bianchi identities, we compute the on-shell torsions and curvatures with
this term. We show that their complete solution includes, for some of them, an
infinite series in the R^4 coupling constant, which can only be computed
iteratively. We explicitly compute the superspace torsions and curvatures up to
second order in this coupling constant. Finally, we comment on the lifting of
this result to higher dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86805 </DOCNO>
Some Restrictions on Symmetry Groups of Axially Symmetric Spacetimes


  Lie transformation groups containing a one-dimensional subgroup acting
cyclically on a manifold are considered. The structure of the group is found to
be considerably restricted by the existence of a one-dimensional subgroup whose
orbits are circles. The results proved do not depend on the dimension of the
manifold nor on the existence of a metric, but merely on the fact that the Lie
group acts globally on the manifold. Firstly some results for the general case
of an $m+1$-dimensional Lie group are derived: those commutators of the
associated Lie algebra involving the generator of the cyclic subgroup, $X_0$
say, are severely restricted and, in a suitably chosen basis, take a simple
form. The Jacobi identities involving $X_0$ are then applied to show there are
further restrictions on the structure of the Lie algebra. All Lie algebras of
dimensions 2 and 3 compatible with cyclic symmetry are obtained. In the
two-dimensional case the group must be Abelian. For the three-dimensional case,
the Bianchi type of the Lie algebra must be I, II, III, VII$_0$, VIII or IX and
furthermore in all cases the vector $X_0$ forms part of a basis in which the
algebra takes its canonical form. Finally four-dimensional Lie algebras
compatible with cyclic symmetry are considered and the results are related to
the Petrov-Kruchkovich classification of all four-dimensional Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168154 </DOCNO>
A Linear Programming Approach to Attainable Cram\'{e}r-Rao type Bounds


  The author studies the Cram\'{e}r-Rao type bound by a linear programming
approach. By this approach, he found a necessary and sufficient condition that
the Cram\'{e}r-Rao type bound is attained by a random measurement. In a spin
1/2 system, this condition is satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168046 </DOCNO>
Comments on "On Bohm trajectories in two-particle interference devices"


  Marchildon's arguments against my earlier work are refuted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75959 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Lattice Simulation of High Multiplicity Cross Section


  In this thesis, we have investigated the possibility of large cross sections
at large multiplicity in weakly coupled three dimensional $\phi^4$ theory using
Monte Carlo Simulation methods. We have built a Beowulf Supercomputer for this
purpose. We use spectral function sum rules to derive a bound on the total
cross section where the quantity determining the bound can be measured by Monte
Carlo simulation in Euclidean space. We determine the critical threshold energy
for large high multiplicity cross section according to the analysis of M.B.
Volosion and E.N. Argyres, R.M.P. Kleiss, and C.G. Papadopoulos. We compare the
simulation results with the perturbation results and see no evidence for large
cross section in the range where tree diagram estimates suggest they should
exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96080 </DOCNO>
Free divisors and duality for D-modules


  The relationship between ${\cal D}$-modules and free divisors has been
studied in a general setting by L. Narv\'aez and F.J. Calder\'on. Using the
ideas of these works we prove in this article a duality formula between two
${\cal D}$-modules associated to a class of free divisors on ${\bf C}^n$ and we
give some applications

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41424 </DOCNO>
On the Rise of the Proton Structure Function F_2 Towards Low x


  A measurement of the derivative (d ln F_2 / d lnx)_(Q^2)= -lambda(x,Q^2) of
the proton structure function F_2 is presented in the low x domain of deeply
inelastic positron-proton scattering. For 5*10^(-5)<=x<=0.01 and Q^2>=1.5
GeV^2, lambda(x,Q^2) is found to be independent of x and to increase linearly
with ln(Q^2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149870 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Superstrings I, Main Formulas


  An unambiguous and slice-independent formula for the two-loop superstring
measure on moduli space for even spin structure is constructed from first
principles. The construction uses the super-period matrix as moduli invariant
under worldsheet supersymmetry. This produces new subtle contributions to the
gauge-fixing process, which eliminate all the ambiguities plaguing earlier
gauge-fixed formulas.
  The superstring measure can be computed explicitly and a simple expression in
terms of modular forms is obtained. For fixed spin structure, the measure
exhibits the expected behavior under degenerations of the surface. The measure
allows for a unique modular covariant GSO projection. Under this GSO
projection, the cosmological constant, the 1-, 2- and 3- point functions of
massless supergravitons all vanish pointwise on moduli space without the
appearance of boundary terms. A certain disconnected part of the 4-point
function is shown to be given by a convergent, finite integral on moduli space.
A general slice-independent formula is given for the two-loop cosmological
constant in compactifications with central charge c=15 and N=1 worldsheet
supersymmetry in terms of the data of the compactification conformal field
theory.
  In this paper, a summary of the above results is presented with detailed
constructions, derivations and proofs to be provided in a series of subsequent
publications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1741 </DOCNO>
Critical dynamics and universality of the random-bond Potts ferromagnet


  Critical behavior in short-time dynamics is investigated by a Monte Carlo
study for the random-bond Potts ferromagnet with a trinary distribution of
quenched disorders on two-dimensional triangular lattices. The dynamic scaling
is verified and applied to estimate critical exponents $\theta$, $z$ and
$\beta/\nu$ for several realizations of the trinary distribution. Our critical
scaling analysis strongly indicates that the bond randomness influences the
critical universality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168460 </DOCNO>
Classical, quantum and total correlations


  We discuss the problem of separating consistently the total correlations in a
bipartite quantum state into a quantum and a purely classical part. A measure
of classical correlations is proposed and its properties are explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2651 </DOCNO>
Coarse-Graining and Renormalization of Atomistic Binding Relations and


  We present two approaches for coarse-graining interplanar potentials and
determining the corresponding macroscopic cohesive laws based on energy
relaxation and the renormalization group. We analyze the cohesive behavior of a
large---but finite---number of interatomic planes and find that the macroscopic
cohesive law adopts a universal asymptotic form. The universal form of the
macroscopic cohesive law is an attractive fixed point of a suitably-defined
renormalization-group transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96863 </DOCNO>
Determinant Expressions for Hyperelliptic Functions in Genus Three


  In this paper we generalize the formula of Frobenius-Stickelberger and the
formula of Kiepert to genus-three case. The latter is well-known determinant
expression for any division polynomial of any elliptic curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95453 </DOCNO>
Projective normality of abelian varieties


  We show that ample line bundles L on a g-dimensional simple abelian variety,
with h^0(L)> 2^g.g!, give projectively normal embeddings, for all g>0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1857 </DOCNO>
Hexatic Order and Surface Ripples in Spherical Geometries


  In flat geometries, two dimensional hexatic order has only a minor effect on
capillary waves on a liquid substrate and on undulation modes in lipid
bilayers. However, extended bond orientational order alters the long wavelength
spectrum of these ripples in spherical geometries. We calculate this frequency
shift and suggest that it might be detectable in lipid bilayer vesicles, at the
surface of liquid metals and in multielectron bubbles in liquid helium at low
temperatures. Hexatic order also leads to a shift in the threshold for the
fission instability induced in the later two systems by an excess of electric
charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179300 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of the $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C Reaction Using a New Type of


  A new approach has been used to explain the experimental data for the
$^{12}$C+$^{12}$C system over a wide energy range in the laboratory system from
32.0 MeV to 126.7 MeV. This new coupled-channels based approach involves
replacing the usual first derivative coupling potential by a new,
second-derivative coupling potential. This paper first shows and discusses the
limitation of the standard coupled-channels theory in the case where one of the
nuclei in the reaction is strongly deformed. Then, this new approach is shown
to improve consistently the agreement with the experimental data: the elastic
scattering, single-2$^{+}$ and mutual-2$^{+}$ excitation inelastic scattering
data as well as their 90$^{\circ}$ elastic and inelastic excitation functions
with little energy-dependent potentials. This new approach makes major
improvement on all the previous coupled-channels calculations for this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86423 </DOCNO>
Gravitating sphalerons and sphaleron black holes in asymptotically


  Numerical arguments are presented for the existence of spherically symmetric
regular and black hole solutions of the EYMH equations with a negative
cosmological constant. These solutions approach asymptotically the anti-de
Sitter spacetime. The main properties of the solutions and the differences with
respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. The instability of the
gravitating sphaleron solutions is also proven.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126732 </DOCNO>
The Afterglow and the Host Galaxy of the Dark Burst GRB 970828


  GRB 970828 was the first well-localized gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray afterglow
for which no optical afterglow was found despite a prompt, deep search down to
R_lim ~ 24.5 mag. We report the discovery of a short-lived radio flare within
the X-ray localization error circle of this burst. Such radio flares are seen
in about 25% of GRB afterglows and their origin is not well understood. The
precise radio position enabled us to identify the likely host galaxy of this
burst, and to measure its redshift, z = 0.9578. The host appears to be an
interacting/merging system. Under the assumption that the X-ray afterglow is
mainly due to synchrotron mechanism we infer the optical afterglow flux. The
observed upper limits to the optical flux are easily explained by invoking an
intervening dusty cloud within the host galaxy. These observations support the
idea that GRBs with no detectable optical afterglows or "dark GRBs" can be due
to dust extinction within the host galaxies. The census of dark GRBs can then
be used to constrain the fraction of the obscured star formation in the
universe. We argue that the existing data already indicate that the obscured
star-formation rate is no more than 1/2 of that seen at UV and optical
wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148165 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian embedding of the massive noncommutative U(1) theory


  We show that the massive noncommutative U(1) can be embedded in a gauge
theory by using the BFFT Hamiltonian formalism. By virtue of the peculiar
non-Abelian algebraic structure of the noncommutative massive U(1) theory,
several specific identities involving Moyal commutators had to be used in order
to make the embedding possible. This leads to an infinite number of steps in
the iterative process of obtaining first-class constraints. We also shown that
the involutive Hamiltonian can be constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149794 </DOCNO>
Entropy of the three dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole


  We study the three dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS$_3$) black hole
which corresponds essentially to a conical defect. We compute the mass of the
SdS$_3$ black hole from the correct definition of the mass in asymptotically de
Sitter space. Then we clarify the relation between the mass, entropy and
temperature for this black hole without any ambiguity. Also we establish the
SdS$_3$/CFT$_2$-correspondence for the entropy by applying the Cardy formula to
a CFT with a central charge $c=3\ell/2G_3$. Finally we discuss the entropy
bounds for the SdS$_3$ black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149510 </DOCNO>
Superspace, or One thousand and one lessons in supersymmetry


  The 1983 book, free at last, with corrections and bookmarks. From the
original troff, but now with CM (TeX) fonts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95954 </DOCNO>
On filtered multiplicative bases of group algebras II


  We give an explicit list of all p-groups G with a cyclic subgroup of index
p^2, such that the group algebra KG over the field K of characteristic p has a
filtered multiplicative K-basis. We also proved that such a K-basis does not
exist for the group algebra KG, in the case when G$ is either a powerful
p-group or a two generated p-group (p\not=2) with a central cyclic commutator
subgroup. This paper is a continuation of the related V. Bovdi, On a filtered
multiplicative basis of the group algebras Arch. Math. (Basel) 74 (2000) 81--88

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5270 </DOCNO>
Dynamical instability of a condensate induced by a rotating thermal gas


  We study surface modes of the condensate in the presence of a rotating
thermal cloud in an axisymmetric trap. By considering collisions that transfer
atoms between the condensate and noncondensate, we find that modes which rotate
in the same sense as the thermal cloud damp less strongly than counter-rotating
modes. We show that above a critical angular rotation frequency, equivalent to
the Landau stability criterion, the co-rotating mode becomes dynamically
unstable, leading to the possibility of vortex nucleation. This kind of
mechanism is proposed as a natural explanation for the formation of vortices
observed recently in the experiment of Haljan \emph{et al} {[}P. C. Haljan
\emph{et al.}, cond-mat/0106362{]}. We also generalize our stability analysis
to treat the case where the stationary state of the condensate already
possesses a single vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168686 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Structure Description of the Liar Paradox


  In this article we propose an approach that models the truth behavior of
cognitive entities (i.e. sets of connected propositions) by taking into account
in a very explicit way the possible influence of the cognitive person (the one
that interacts with the considered cognitive entity). Hereby we specifically
apply the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics because of the fact that
this formalism allows the description of real contextual influences, i.e. the
influence of the measuring apparatus on the physical entity. We concentrated on
the typical situation of the liar paradox and have shown that (1) the
truth-false state of this liar paradox can be represented by a quantum vector
of the non-product type in a finite dimensional complex Hilbert space and the
different cognitive interactions by the actions of the corresponding quantum
projections, (2) the typical oscillations between false and truth - the paradox
-is now quantum dynamically described by a Schrodinger equation. We analyse
possible philosophical implications of this result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4773 </DOCNO>
Hypernetted-chain study of broken rotational symmetry states for the


  We investigate broken rotational symmetry (BRS) states for the fractional
quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at 1/3-filling of the valence Landau level (LL).
Recent Monte Carlo calculations by Musaelian and Joynt [J. Phys.: Condens.\
Matter {\bf 8}, L105 (1996)] suggest that Laughlin's state becomes unstable to
a BRS state for some critical finite thickness value. We study in detail the
properties of such state by performing a hypernetted-chain calculation that
gives results in the thermodynamic limit, complementing other methods which are
limited to a finite number of particles. Our results indicate that while
Laughlin's state is stable in the lowest LL, in higher LLs a BRS instability
occurs, perhaps indicating the absence of FQHE at partial fillings of higher
LLs. Possible connections to the newly discovered liquid crystalline phases in
higher LLs are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126060 </DOCNO>
Coalescing neutron stars - a step towards physical models III. Improved


  (Abridged) In this paper we present a compilation of results from our most
advanced neutron star merger simulations, including a description of the
employed numerical procedures and a more complete overview over a large number
of computed models. The three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations were done
with a code based on the Piecewise Parabolic Method with up to five levels of
nested Cartesian grids. The simulations are basically Newtonian, but
gravitational-wave emission and the corresponding back-reaction are taken into
account. The use of a physical nuclear equation of state allows us to follow
the thermodynamic history of the stellar medium and to compute the energy and
lepton number loss due to the emission of neutrinos. The computed models differ
concerning the neutron star masses and mass ratios, the neutron star spins, the
numerical resolution expressed by the cell size of the finest grid and the
number of grid levels, and the calculation of the temperature from the solution
of the entropy equation instead of the energy equation. Our simulations show
that the details of the gravitational-wave emission are still sensitive to the
numerical resolution, even in our highest-quality calculations. The amount of
mass which can be ejected from neutron star mergers depends strongly on the
angular momentum of the system. Our results do not support the initial
conditions of temperature and proton-to-nucleon ratio assumed in recent work
for producing a solar r-process pattern for nuclei around and above the A
approx 130 peak. The improved models confirm our previous conclusion that
gamma-ray bursts are not powered by neutrino emission during the dynamical
phase of the merging of two neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126164 </DOCNO>
X-ray Destruction of Dust Along the Line of Sight to Gamma-Ray Bursts


  We show that if all gamma-ray bursts emit X-rays in a way similar to those
observed by BeppoSax, much of the extinction along the line of sight in the
host galaxy of the burst can be destroyed. Two mechanisms are principally
responsible for dust destruction: grain heating and grain charging. The latter,
which can lead to electrostatic stresses greater than the tensile strength of
the grains, is often the more important. Grains may regularly be destroyed at
distances as large as 100 parsecs. This dust destruction can permit us to see
the UV/optical afterglow even when the burst is embedded deep within a
highly-obscured region. Because the destruction rate depends on grain
composition and size, it may be possible to observe the amount and
wavelength-dependence of extinction change during the course of the burst and
first few minutes of the afterglow. It may also be possible to detect
interstellar absorption lines in the afterglow spectrum that would not exist
but for the return of heavy elements to the gas phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98336 </DOCNO>
The number of point-splitting circles


  Let S be a set of 2n+1 points in the plane such that no three are collinear
and no four are concyclic. A circle will be called point-splitting if it has 3
points of S on its circumference, n-1 points in its interior and n-1 in its
exterior. We show the surprising property that S always has exactly n^2 point-
splitting circles, and prove a more general result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1063 </DOCNO>
The Polarizability and Electric Field-Induced Energy Gaps In Carbon


  A simple method to calculate the static electric polarization of
single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) is obtained within the second-order
perturbation approximation. The results are in agreement with the previous
calculation within the random-phase approximation. We also find that the low
energy electronic band structure of SWNT can be affected by an external
electric field perpendicular to the axis of the tube. The field-induced energy
gap shows strong dependence on the electric field and the size of the tubes,
and a metal-insulator transition is predicted for all $(n, n)$ tubes. Universal
scaling is found for the gap as function of the electric field and the radius
of SWNTs. The fact that the external field required to induce a 0.1 ${\rm eV}$
gap in SWNTs can be reached under the currently available experimental
conditions indicates a possibility of further applying nanotubes to electric
signal-controlled nanoscale switching devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76367 </DOCNO>
One-Loop Renormalization of Lorentz-Violating Electrodynamics


  We show that the general Lorentz- and CPT-violating extension of quantum
electrodynamics is one-loop renormalizable. The one-loop Lorentz-violating beta
functions are obtained, and the running of the coefficients for Lorentz and CPT
violation is determined. Some implications for theory and experiment are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2060 </DOCNO>
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Building Blocks in Nanoelectronics


  Molecular level components, like carbon multiwalled nanotubes (MWNT), show
great potential for future nanoelectronics. At low frequencies, only the
outermost carbon layer determines the transport properties of the MWNT. Due to
the multiwalled structure and large capacitive interlayer coupling, also the
inner layers contribute to the conduction at high frequencies. Consequently,
the conduction properties of MWNTs are not very far from those of regular
conductors with well-defined electrical characteristics. In our work we have
experimentally utilized this fact in constructing various nanoelectronic
components out of MWNTs, such as single electron transistors (SET), lumped
resistors, and transmission lines. We present results on several nano- tube
samples, grown both using chemical vapor deposition as well as arc-discharge
vaporization. Our results show that SET-electrometers with a noise level as low
as 6x10^{-6}e/\sqrt{Hz} (at 45 Hz) can be built using arc-discharge-grown
carbon nanotubes. Moreover, short nanotubes with small contact areas are found
to work at 4.2 K with good gate modulation. Reactive ion etching on CVD tubes
is employed to produce nearly Ohmic components with a resistance of 200 kOhm
over a 2 micron section. At high frequencies, MWNTs work over micron distances
as special LC-transmission lines with high impedance, on the order of 5 kOhm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40794 </DOCNO>
Seven (and a half) reasons to believe in Mirror Matter: From neutrino


  Parity and time reversal are obvious and plausible candidates for fundamental
symmetries of nature. Hypothesising that these symmetries exist implies the
existence of a new form of matter, called mirror matter. The mirror matter
theory (or exact parity model) makes four main predictions: 1) Dark matter in
the form of mirror matter should exist in the Universe (i.e. mirror galaxies,
stars, planets, meteoroids...), 2) Maximal ordinary neutrino - mirror neutrino
oscillations if neutrinos have mass, 3) Orthopositronium should have a shorter
effective lifetime than predicted by QED (in "vacuum" experiments) because of
the effects of photon-mirror photon mixing and 4) Higgs production and decay
rate should be 50% lower than in the standard model due to Higgs mirror - Higgs
mixing (assuming that the seperation of the Higgs masses is larger than their
decay widths). At the present time there is strong experimental/observational
evidence supporting the first three of these predictions, while the fourth one
is not tested yet because the Higgs boson, predicted in the standard model of
particle physics, is yet to be found. This experimental/observational evidence
is rich and varied ranging from the atmospheric and solar neutrino deficits,
MACHO gravitational microlensing events, strange properties of extra-solar
planets, the existence of "isolated" planets, orthopositronium lifetime
anomaly, Tunguska and other strange "meteor" events including perhaps, the
origin of the moon. The purpose of this article is to provide a not too
technical review of these ideas along with some new results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87042 </DOCNO>
Three Dimensional de Sitter Gravity and the Correspondence


  Certain aspects of three dimensional asymptotically de Sitter spaces are
studied, with emphasis on the mapping between gravity observables and the
representation of the conformal symmetry of the boundary. In particular, we
show that non-real conformal weights for the boundary theory correspond to
space-times that have non-zero angular momentum. Some miscellaneous results on
the role of the holonomies and isometry groups are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124538 </DOCNO>
Pulsar wind nebulae around the southern pulsars PSR B1643-43 and PSR


  We present high resolution VLA images taken at the wavelengths of lambda 20
cm, lambda 6 cm, and lambda 3.6 cm in the vicinity of the pulsars PSR B1706-44
(PSR J1709-4428) and PSR B1643-43 (PSR J1646-4346). Both of these pulsars are
young (<30,000 yrs) and have large spin-down luminosities (e+35 erg/sec) and
hence are good candidates to search for extended synchrotron nebula excited by
the relativistic pulsar wind. For PSR B1643-43 we found evidences of a
4'comet-shaped nebula, suggestive of a synchrotron ``wake'' left by a fast
moving pulsar. PSR B1706-44 appears surrounded by a spherical nebula
approximately 3 ' in diameter. Based on their morphology, the detection of
significant linear polarization (>20%), and their flat radio spectra
(alpha=0.25-0.3, where S_nu aprox nu^-alpha) we argue that these are wind
nebulae powered by the rotational energy loss of the respective pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76827 </DOCNO>
Towards the resolution of the e+e- --> Nbar N puzzle


  We discuss the puzzling experimental results on baryon-antibaryon production
in e+e- annihilation close to the threshold, in particular the fact that
sigma(e+e- --> nbar n) is somewhat greater than sigma(e+e- --> pbar p). We
discuss an interpretation in terms of a two-step process, via an intermediate
coherent isovector state serving as an intermediary between e+e- and the
baryon-antibaryon system. We provide evidence that the isovector channel
dominates both e+e- --> pions and from Nbar N annihilation at rest, and show
that the observed ratio of sigma(e+e- --> nbar n)/sigma(e+e- --> pbar p) can be
understood quantitatively in this picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113376 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-time Schroedinger equation with absorbing potential for quantum


  The Schroedinger equation with an energy-dependent complex absorbing
potential, associated with a scattering system, can be reduced for a special
choice of the energy-dependence to a harmonic inversion problem of a discrete
pseudo-time correlation function. An efficient formula for Green's function
matrix elements is also derived. Since the exact propagation up to time 2t can
be done with only t real matrix-vector products, this gives an unprecedently
efficient scheme for accurate calculations of quantum spectra for possibly very
large systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114159 </DOCNO>
The possible correlation between electromagnetic earth fields and future


  From 23 - 27 July 2001 in the Institute of Nuclear Research and Nuclear
Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia was held a seminar under the
title: "Possible correlations between electromagnetic earth fields and future
earthquakes" organized by the Institute's Department of "Astrophysical Objects
and Environment".
  As a main result of the first two days seminar work was the prediction of the
direction and the day of the Skyros, Greece earthquake, that was confirned in
the next day: Aeg. Sea, 07/26 00:21:37, 39.06N 24.34E, Depth 19 km, Mag 6.3-
http://www.noa.gr/English/home-en.html.
  Analogously, a month later the day of Yambol, Bulgaria eartquake was
predicted. The papers of A.M.Galper et al (2001), "High- energy charged
particle flux variations in vicinity of Earth as earthquakes precursors",
http://www.pereplet.ru/pops/quakes.html, and
http://science.rambler.ru/db/msg.html?mid=1168269&uri=galper.html, the analysis
of NASA data from http://www.sel.noaa.gov, explained why the Seminar main
hypothesis works and give an optimism the combined earth and satellite
monitoring for earthquakes "prediction" will succeed this time.
  The authors are looking forward and waiting with respect for opinions,
suggestions, and possible collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148884 </DOCNO>
Spectral Zeta Functions in Non-Commutative Spacetimes


  Formulas for the most general case of the zeta function associated to a
quadratic+linear+constant form (in {\bf Z}) are given. As examples, the
spectral zeta functions $\zeta_\alpha (s)$ corresponding to bosonic ($\alpha
=2$) and to fermionic ($\alpha =3$) quantum fields living on a noncommutative,
partially toroidal spacetime are investigated. Simple poles show up at $s=0$,
as well as in other places (simple or double, depending on the number of
compactified, noncompactified, and noncommutative dimensions of the spacetime).
This poses a challenge to the zeta-function regularization procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41035 </DOCNO>
Observation of B->J/psi K1(1270)


  We report the first observation of the exclusive decay process B->J/psi
K1(1270) using a sample of 11.2M BBbar meson pairs collected in the Belle
detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e- collider. We measure branching fractions
of Bf(B0 -> J/psi K10(1270) = (1.30 +-0.34 +-0.31)x10^-3 and Bf(B+ -> J/psi
K1+(1270) = (1.80 +-0.34 +-0.39)x10-3, where the first error is statistical and
the second systematic. These modes constitute approximately 15% of the total
number of B -> J/psiX decays. No evidence is seen for B -> J/psi K1(1400) and
we set an upper limit on this branching fraction. The K1(1270) -> K0pi+pi-
decays have a substantial K0rho0 intermediate state component that may be
useful for CP violation studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1203 </DOCNO>
Constraints, Histones, and the 30 Nanometer Spiral


  We investigate the mechanical stability of a segment of DNA wrapped around a
histone in the nucleosome configuration. The assumption underlying this
investigation is that the proper model for this packaging arrangement is that
of an elastic rod that is free to twist and that writhes subject to mechanical
constraints. We find that the number of constraints required to stabilize the
nuclesome configuration is determined by the length of the segment, the number
of times the DNA wraps around the histone spool, and the specific constraints
utilized. While it can be shown that four constraints suffice, in principle, to
insure stability of the nucleosome, a proper choice must be made to guarantee
the effectiveness of this minimal number. The optimal choice of constraints
appears to bear a relation to the existence of a spiral ridge on the surface of
the histone octamer. The particular configuration that we investigate is
related to the 30 nanometer spiral, a higher-order organization of DNA in
chromatin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127072 </DOCNO>
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Observations of a Supernova


  We report a detection of far ultraviolet absorption from the supernova
remnant SNR 0057 - 7226 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The absorption is
seen in the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) spectrum of the
LBV/WR star HD 5980. Absorption from O VI 1032 and C III 977 is seen at a
velocity of +300 km/s with respect to the Galactic absorption lines, +170 km/s
with respect to the SMC absorption. The O VI 1038 line is contaminated by H_2
absorption, but is present. These lines are not seen in the FUSE spectrum of
Sk80, only ~1' (~17 pc) away from HD 5980. No blue-shifted O VI 1032 absorption
from the SNR is seen in the FUSE spectrum. The O VI 1032 line in the SNR is
well described by a Gaussian with FWHM=75 km/s. We find log N(O
VI)=14.33-14.43, which is roughly 50% of the rest of the O VI column in the SMC
(excluding the SNR) and greater than the O VI column in the Milky Way halo
along this sight line. The N(C IV)/N(O VI) ratio for the SNR absorption is in
the range of 0.12-0.17, similar to the value seen in the Milky Way disk, and
lower than the halo value, supporting models in which SNRs produce the highly
ionized gas close to the plane of the Galaxy, while other mechanisms occur in
the halo. The N(C IV)/N(O VI) ratio is also lower than the SMC ratio along this
sight line, suggesting that other mechanisms contribute to the creation of the
global hot ionized medium in the SMC. The O VI, C IV, and Si IV apparent column
density profiles suggest the presence of a multi-phase shell followed by a
region of higher temperature gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1701 </DOCNO>
Phonon dispersion and electron-phonon coupling in MgB_2 and AlB_2


  We present a first principles investigation of the lattice dynamics and
electron-phonon coupling of the superconductor MgB_2 and the isostructural
AlB_2 within the framework of density functional perturbation theory using a
mixed-basis pseudopotential method. Complete phonon dispersion curves and
Eliashberg functions \alpha^2F are calculated for both systems. We also report
on Raman measurements, which support the theoretical findings. The calculated
generalized density-of-states for MgB_2 is in excellent agreement with recent
neutron-scattering experiments. The main differences in the calculated phonon
spectra and \alpha^2F are related to high frequency in-plane boron vibrations.
As compared to AlB_2, they are strongly softened in MgB_2 and exhibit an
exceptionally strong coupling to electronic states at the Fermi energy. The
total coupling constants are \lambda_{MgB_2}=0.73 and \lambda_{AlB_2}=0.43.
Implications for the superconducting transition temperature are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83565 </DOCNO>
Quantum Kolmogorov Complexity Based on Classical Descriptions


  We develop a theory of the algorithmic information in bits contained in an
individual pure quantum state. This extends classical Kolmogorov complexity to
the quantum domain retaining classical descriptions. Quantum Kolmogorov
complexity coincides with the classical Kolmogorov complexity on the classical
domain. Quantum Kolmogorov complexity is upper bounded and can be effectively
approximated from above under certain conditions. With high probability a
quantum object is incompressible. Upper- and lower bounds of the quantum
complexity of multiple copies of individual pure quantum states are derived and
may shed some light on the no-cloning properties of quantum states. In the
quantum situation complexity is not sub-additive. We discuss some relations
with ``no-cloning'' and ``approximate cloning'' properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74556 </DOCNO>
Eikonal Evolution and Gluon Radiation


  We give a simple quantum mechanical formulation of the eikonal propagation
approximation, which has been heavily used in recent years in problems
involving hadronic interactions at high energy. This provides a unified
framework for several approaches existing in the literature. We illustrate this
scheme by calculating the total, elastic, inelastic and diffractive DIS cross
sections, as well as gluon production in high energy hadronic collisions. From
the q-qbar-g-component of the DIS cross sections, we straightforwardly derive
low x evolution equations for inelastic and diffractive DIS distribution
functions. In all calculations, we provide all order 1/N corrections to the
results existing in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1314 </DOCNO>
"de Gennes" narrowing in supercooled molecular liquids : Evidence for


  The density correlation function F(q,t) of the two similar substituted
aromatic liquids, Toluene and m-Toluidine, is studied by coherent neutron
spin-echo and time-of-flight scattering for wave vectors q around the maximum
q_max of the total static structure factor S_m(q) in the supercooled i.e. high
density state far away from the normal fluid state. The wave-vector dependence
of the mean structural relaxation time tau shows in both liquids a very
pronounced de Gennes-like narrowing centered around q_0 < q_max, where q_0
corresponds to the first maximum in the center-of-mass static structure factor
S_COM}(q). We find that the narrowing can be described quantitatively by using
S_COM(q)/q^2 instead of S_m(q)/q^2 indicating that at the corresponding
molecular length scales the relaxation of F(q,t) is dominated by purely
translational motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113651 </DOCNO>
Addendum to "Coulomb Interaction Does Not Spread Instantaneously"


  We describe the results of experimental research by configurations changed
with respect to the original experimental configuration [1]. In this way it is
demonstrated that the basic part of the signal registered is due to the Coulomb
electric field and does not originate from the transversal electromagnetic
wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83795 </DOCNO>
Architectural Framework for Large-Scale Multicast in Mobile Ad Hoc


  Emerging ad hoc networks are infrastructure-less networks consisting of
wireless devices with various power constraints, capabilities and mobility
characteristics. An essential capability in future ad hoc networks is the
ability to provide scalable multicast services. This paper presents a novel
adaptive architecture to support multicast services in large-scale wide-area ad
hoc networks. Existing works on multicast in ad hoc networks address only small
size networks. Our main design goals are scalability, robustness and
efficiency. We propose a self-configuring hierarchy extending zone-based
routing with the notion of contacts based on the small world graphs phenomenon
and new metrics of stability and mobility. We introduce a new geographic-based
multicast address allocation scheme coupled with adaptive anycast based on
group popularity. Our scheme is the first of its kind and promises efficient
and robust operation in the common case. Also, based on the new concept of
rendezvous regions, we provide a bootstrap mechanism for the multicast service;
a challenge generally ignored in previous work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76513 </DOCNO>
Gluon Saturation at small x


  At very high energies, the relevant component of the hadron wavefunction can
be described as a Color Glass Condensate, i.e., a state of high density gluonic
matter whose distribution is random, but frozen over the relevant time scales.
The weight function for this distribution obeys a renormalization group
equation in the form of a functional Fokker-Planck equation. Its solution leads
to an effective theory which predicts gluon saturation at sufficiently high
energy, or small Bjorken's $x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3495 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Inelastic X-Ray Scattering of FeO to 48 GPa


  The partial density of vibrational states has been measured for Fe in
compressed FeO (w\"ustite) using nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering.
Substantial changes have been observed in the overall shape of the density of
states close to the magnetic transiton around 20 GPa from the paramagnetic (low
pressure) to the antiferromagnetic (high pressure) state. Our data indicate a
substantial softening of the aggregate sound velocities far below the
transition, starting between 5 and 10 GPa. This is consistent with recent
radial x-ray diffraction measurements of the elastic constants in FeO. The
results indicate that strong magnetoelastic coupling in FeO is the driving
force behind the changes in the phonon spectrum of FeO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75359 </DOCNO>
Signals For Extra Dimensions at the VLHC


  A brief overview of the signatures for several different models with extra
dimensions at the stage II, $\sqrt s=175-200$ TeV VLHC is presented. In all
cases the search reaches for these models in the Drell-Yan channel are found to
be in the range of 15-80 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169450 </DOCNO>
Quantum oscillations without quantum coherence


  We study numerically the damping of quantum oscillations and the increase of
entropy with time in model spin systems decohered by a spin bath. In some
experimentally relevant cases, the oscillations of considerable amplitude can
persist long after the entropy has saturated near its maximum, i.e. when the
system has been decohered almost completely. Therefore, the pointer states of
the system demonstrate non-trivial dynamics. The oscillations exhibit slow
power-law decay, rather than exponential or Gaussian, and may be observable in
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123702 </DOCNO>
High Energy X-Ray Emission in Clusters of Galaxies


  Observations with the RXTE and SAX satellites have recently led to the
measurement of a second component in the spectra of several clusters of
galaxies which are known to have regions of extended radio emission. This new
component is quite likely nonthermal emission resulting from Compton scattering
of relativistic electrons by the cosmic microwave background. The nonthermal
X-ray and radio measurements yield the values of the mean intracluster magnetic
field, and relativistic electron density, for the first time in extragalactic
environments. These results have important consequences on issues such as the
origin of cosmic ray electrons and protons, their propagation modes in
clusters, and the effects of these particles and magnetic fields on the
intracluster gas. The observational results are reviewed, and some of their
direct implications are discussed, along with near-future prospects for
improved spectral and spatial measurements of nonthermal emission in clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74174 </DOCNO>
Color superconductivity at finite density and temperature with flavor


  Color superconductivity of QCD at finite density, temperature and flavor
asymmetry is studied within an approximation which the interaction is modeled
upon four--fermion interactions. We calculate the thermodynamic potential in
the so-called NJL-type model and study the phase structure at finite density,
temperature and flavor asymmetry. We find that a mixed phase appears at
sufficiently large flavor asymmetry and low temperature. A tricritical point in
the $T$-$\mu_B$-$\mu_I$ plane is also found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113396 </DOCNO>
Definitive heat of formation of methylenimine, CH2=NH, and of


  A long-standing controversy concerning the heat of formation of methylenimine
has been addressed by means of the W2 (Weizmann-2) ab initio thermochemical
approach. Our best calculated values, DeltaHf298(CH2NH)=21.1+/-0.5 kcal/mol and
DeltaHf298(CH2NH2+)=179.4+/-0.5 kcal/mol, are in good agreement with the most
recent measurements but carry a much smaller uncertainty. As a by-product, we
obtain the first-ever accurate anharmonic force field for methylenimine: upon
consideration of the appropriate resonances, the experimental gas-phase band
origins are all reproduced to better than 10 cm-1. Consideration of the
difference between a fully anharmonic zero-point vibrational energy and
B3LYP/cc-pVTZ harmonic frequencies scaled by 0.985 suggests that the
calculation of anharmonic zero-point vibrational energies can generally be
dispensed with, even in benchmark work, for rigid molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97348 </DOCNO>
Rigidity and glueing for the Morse and Novikov complexes


  We obtain rigidity and glueing results for the Morse complex of a real-valued
Morse function, and also for the Novikov complex of a circle-valued Morse
function. The rigidity result for the Morse complex compares the complexes of
$C^0$-close Morse functions. It implies that the simple isomorphism type of the
Morse complex is independent of the generic metric used in the construction.
The glueing result is an expression of the Morse complex of a finite union as
an algebraic union of Morse complexes. An infinite version of the glueing
result expresses the Novikov complex up to isomorphism in terms of the Morse
complex of a fundamental domain. A rigidity result for the Novikov complex is
also proved. It implies that the isomorphism type of the Novikov complex is
also independent of the generic metric used in the construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127679 </DOCNO>
Physics of Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies and primordial


  The physics of the origin and evolution of CMB anisotropies is described. I
explain the idea and status of cosmic parameter estimation and follow it up
with critical comments on its dependence on model assumptions and initial
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40936 </DOCNO>
Recent Results from the Super-Kamiokande Experiment


  New physics results from the Super-Kamiokande experiment in 2000 are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124704 </DOCNO>
Luminous early-type field galaxies at $z \sim 0.4$ - I. Observations and


  We have compiled a sample of $\sim 9600$ bright, $i\le 18.95$, red,
$b_j-r>2$, candidate galaxies in an area of 220 deg$^2$. These are luminous, $L
> L^*$, field early-type galaxies with redshifts $0.3 \la z \la 0.6$. We
present a redshift catalogue of a sub-sample of 581 targets. The galaxies were
selected according to their broadband $b_jri$ colours from United Kingdom
Schmidt Telescope plates, and have a surface density on the sky of only $\sim
50 $deg$^{-2}$. Such luminous field galaxies are virtually absent from
published redshift surveys and the catalogue provides a large sample of the
most luminous normal galaxies, at cosmological distances. The statistical
properties of the galaxy spectra, including absorption line and emission line
measures, are presented and a composite spectrum constructed. The nature of the
sample, combined with the relatively bright apparent magnitudes make the
galaxies suitable targets for several key investigations in galaxy evolution
and cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127207 </DOCNO>
The solar neighbourhood age-metallicity relation - does it exist?


  We derive stellar ages, from evolutionary tracks, and metallicities, from
Stromgren photometry, for a sample of 5828 dwarf and sub-dwarf stars from the
Hipparcos Catalogue. This stellar disk sample is used to investigate the
age-metallicity diagram in the solar neighbourhood. Such diagrams are often
used to derive a so called age-metallicity relation. Because of the size of our
sample, we are able to quantify the impact on such diagrams, and derived
relations, due to different selection effects. Some of these effects are of a
more subtle sort, giving rise to erroneous conclusions. In particular we show
that [1] the age-metallicity diagram is well populated at all ages and
especially that old, metal-rich stars do exist, [2] the scatter in metallicity
at any given age is larger than the observational errors, [3] the exclusion of
cooler dwarf stars from an age-metallicity sample preferentially excludes old,
metal-rich stars, depleting the upper right-hand corner of the age-metallicity
diagram, [4] the distance dependence found in the Edvardsson et al. sample by
Garnett & Kobulnicky is an expected artifact due to the construction of the
original sample. We conclude that, although some of it can be attributed to
stellar migration in the galactic disk, a large part of the observed scatter is
intrinsic to the formation processes of stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128014 </DOCNO>
Distorted HI Gas in the Widely Separated LIRG Arp 256


  We present new interferometric HI and CO (1-0) observations of the luminous
infrared source, Arp 256. Arp 256 consists of two spiral galaxies in an early
stage of merging, with a projected nuclear separation of 29 kpc (54") and an
infrared luminosity of 2.0E11 L_sun. Despite the large separation of the
galaxies' nuclei and mildly disrupted stellar components, the HI disks are
found to be strongly disrupted, and the southern galaxy in Arp 256 shows an
elevated star formation efficiency, which is consistent with a nuclear
starburst. Both of these results run contrary to expectations, posing
interesting questions on the physical mechanisms involved in stimulating star
formation during an interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73646 </DOCNO>
One-loop leading logarithms in electroweak radiative corrections: II.


  We discuss the evaluation of the collinear single-logarithmic contributions
to virtual electroweak corrections at high energies. More precisely, we proof
the factorization of the mass singularities originating from loop diagrams
involving collinear virtual gauge bosons coupled to external legs. We discuss,
in particular, processes involving external longitudinal gauge bosons, which
are treated using the Goldstone-boson equivalence theorem. The proof of
factorization is performed within the 't Hooft--Feynman gauge at one-loop order
and applies to arbitrary electroweak processes that are not mass-suppressed at
high energies. As basic ingredient we use Ward identities for Green functions
with arbitrary external particles involving a gauge boson collinear to one of
these. The Ward identities are derived from the BRS invariance of the
spontaneously broken electroweak gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114474 </DOCNO>
Toward a structural understanding of turbulent drag reduction: nonlinear


  Nontrivial steady flow fields have recently been found that capture the main
structures of the turbulent buffer layer. We study the effect of polymer on
these "exact coherent states" (ECS) in plane Couette flow. When the Weissenberg
number based on the largest Liapunov exponent for the velocity field is >1/2
and the polymer extensibility is sufficently high, the Reynolds number at which
the ECS appear increases from the Newtonian value. Correspondingly, wall-normal
motion in the streamwise streaks is suppressed, reducing the redistribution of
mean shear and leading to drag reduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95929 </DOCNO>
Diagrammatic Computations for Quandles and Cocycle Knot Invariants


  The state-sum invariants for knots and knotted surfaces defined from quandle
cocycles are described using the Kronecker product between cycles represented
by colored knot diagrams and a cocycle of a finite quandle used to color the
diagram. Such an interpretation is applied to evaluating the invariants.
  Algebraic interpretations of quandle cocycles as deformations of extensions
are also given. The proofs rely on colored knot diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179373 </DOCNO>
Singular Character of Critical Points in Nuclei


  The concept of critical points in nuclear phase transitional regions is
discussed from the standpoints of Q-invariants, simple observables and wave
function entropy. It is shown that these critical points very closely coincide
with the turning points of the discussed quantities, establishing the singular
character of these points in nuclear phase transition regions between
vibrational and rotational nuclei, with a finite number of particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96743 </DOCNO>
Cyclomorphy


  A main result is that, roughly, a dense set of the infinitesimal
trace-preserving deformations of a semicircular system $s_1,..., s_n$ arise
from one-parameter groups of automorphisms of the free-group factor $L(F(n))$
generated by $s_1,..., s_n$. More generally the paper studies cyclic gradients
in von Neumann algebras, Lie algebras of noncommutative trace-preserving vector
fields and the class of cyclomorphic maps which preserve the orthogonals of
spaces of cyclic gradients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127448 </DOCNO>
Solar quadrupole moment and purely relativistic gravitation


  The perihelion advance of the orbit of Mercury has long been one of the
observational cornerstones for testing General Relativity (G.R.).
  The main goal of this paper is to discuss how, presently, observational and
theoretical constraints may challenge Einstein's theory of gravitation
characterized by beta=gamma=1. To achieve this purpose, we will first recall
the experimental constraints upon the Eddington-Robertson parameters gamma,
beta and the observational bounds for the perihelion advance of Mercury. A
second point will address the values given, up to now, to the solar quadrupole
moment by several authors. Then, we will briefly comment why we use a recent
theoretical determination of the solar quadrupole moment, J2=(2.0 +/- 0.4)
10^{-7}, which takes into account both surfacic and internal differential
rotation, in order to compute the solar contribution to Mercury's perihelion
advance. Further on, combining bounds on gamma and J2 contributions, and taking
into account the observational data range for the perihelion shift, we will be
able to give a range of values for beta.
  Alternatively, taking into account the observed value of perihelion shift,
one can deduce a dynamical estimation of J2 in the setting of G.R. This point
is important as it provides a solar model independent estimation that can be
confronted with other determinations of J2 based upon solar theory and solar
observations (oscillation data, oblateness...).
  Finally, a glimpse at future satellite experiments will help us to understand
how stronger constraints upon the parameter space (gamma, beta, J2) as well as
a separation of the two contributions (J2, or purely relativistic) might be
expected in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6868 </DOCNO>
Approximating parabolas as natural bounds of Heisenberg spectra: Reply


  O. Waldmann has shown that some spin systems, which fulfill the condition of
a weakly homogeneous coupling matrix, have a spectrum whose minimal or maximal
energies are rather poorly approximated by a quadratic dependence on the total
spin quantum number. We comment on this observation and provide the new
argument that, under certain conditions, the approximating parabolas appear as
natural bounds of the spectrum generated by spin coherent states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87028 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Flow of Quantum Gravity in the Einstein-Hilbert


  The exact renormalization group equation for pure quantum gravity is used to
derive the non-perturbative $\Fbeta$-functions for the dimensionless Newton
constant and cosmological constant on the theory space spanned by the
Einstein-Hilbert truncation. The resulting coupled differential equations are
evaluated for a sharp cutoff function. The features of these flow equations are
compared to those found when using a smooth cutoff. The system of equations
with sharp cutoff is then solved numerically, deriving the complete
renormalization group flow of the Einstein-Hilbert truncation in $d=4$. The
resulting renormalization group trajectories are classified and their physical
relevance is discussed. The non-trivial fixed point which, if present in the
exact theory, might render Quantum Einstein Gravity nonperturbatively
renormalizable is investigated for various spacetime dimensionalities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128532 </DOCNO>
The X-ray variability of high redshift QSOs


  We present an analysis of X-ray variability in a sample of 156 radio quiet
quasars taken from the ROSAT archive, covering a redshift range 0.1 < z < 4.1.
A maximum likelihood method is used to constrain the amplitude of variability
in these low signal to noise light curves. Through combining these data in
ensembles we are able to identify trends in variability amplitude with
luminosity and with redshift. The decline in variability amplitude with
luminosity identified in local AGN (z < 0.1) is confirmed out to z=2. There is
tentative evidence for an increase in QSO X-ray variability amplitude towards
high redshifts (z > 2) in the sense that QSOs of the same X-ray luminosity are
more variable at z > 2. We discuss possible explanations for this effect. The
simplest explanation may be that high redshift QSOs are accreting at a larger
fraction of the Eddington limit than local AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149326 </DOCNO>
Spectral geometry for strings and branes


  I give a short guide into applications of the heat kernel technique to
string/brane physics with an emphasis on the emerging boundary value problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41106 </DOCNO>
Recent Results on CP Lifetime Differences of Neutral D Mesons


  The mixing parameter y_cp for the neutral D system can be obtained by
comparing the lifetimes of CP eigenstate decays of the D mesons. Recent results
on the lifetime differences from the Belle, CLEO, FOCUS(E831) experiments are
summarized in this article. The neutral D decay modes analyzed by the
experiments are: The D0->Kpi mode with the assumption that it is an equal
mixture of CP even and odd eigenstates, and the CP even modes D0->KK and
D0->pipi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124799 </DOCNO>
Astroparticle Physics: The High Energy Tail of the Cosmic Ray Spectrum


  In this article I review the main theoretical problems that are posed by the
highest energy end of the observed cosmic ray spectrum, stressing the
importance of establishing their composition in order to decide between
proposed scenarios. I then discuss the possibilities that are opened by the
detection of inclined showers with extensive air shower arrays. Recent progress
in modelling magnetic deviations for these showers has allowed the analysis of
inclined showers that were detected by the Haverah Park experiment. This
analysis disfavours models that predict a large proportion of photons in the
highest energy cosmic rays and open up new possibilities for future shower
array detectors particularly those, like the Pierre Auger Observatory, using
water Cherenkov detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98582 </DOCNO>
Homotopical Dynamics IV: Hopf invariants and hamiltonian flows


  In a non-compact context the first natural step in the search for periodic
orbits of a hamiltonian flow is to detect bounded ones. In this paper we show
that, in a non-compact setting, certain algebraic topological constraints
imposed to a gradient flow of the hamiltonian function $f$ imply the existence
of bounded orbits for the hamiltonian flow of $f$. Once the existence of
bounded orbits is established, under favorable circumstances, application of
the $C^{1}$-closing lemma leads to periodic ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148405 </DOCNO>
A Large N Duality via a Geometric Transition


  We propose a large N dual of 4d, N=1 supersymmetric, SU(N) Yang-Mills with
adjoint field \Phi and arbitrary superpotential W(\Phi). The field theory is
geometrically engineered via D-branes partially wrapped over certain cycles of
a non-trivial Calabi-Yau geometry. The large N, or low-energy, dual arises from
a geometric transition of the Calabi-Yau, where the branes have disappeared and
have been replaced by suitable fluxes. This duality yields highly non-trivial
exact results for the gauge theory. The predictions indeed agree with expected
results in cases where it is possible to use standard techniques for analyzing
the strongly coupled, supersymmetric gauge theories. Moreover, the proposed
large N dual provides a simpler and more unified approach for obtaining exact
results for this class of supersymmetric gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 850 </DOCNO>
Order parameter of quasi-one-dimensional superconductors: symmetry


  Recent experiments indicate that the Bechgaard salts (TMTSF)$_2$ ClO$_4$ and
(TMTSF)$_2$ PF$_6$ may be unconventional triplet superconductors. The
quasiparticle density of states and the uniform spin susceptibility tensor are
computed at low temperatures for order parameter symmetries, as an attempt to
narrow the number of possibilities based on experimental evidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2352 </DOCNO>
Smooth vortex precession in superfluid 4He


  We have measured a precessing superfluid vortex line, stretched from a wire
to the wall of a cylindrical cell. By contrast to previous experiments with a
similar geometry, the motion along the wall is smooth. The key difference is
probably that our wire is substantially off center. We verify several numerical
predictions about the motion, including an asymmetry in the precession
signature, the behavior of pinning events, and the temperature dependence of
the precession.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75262 </DOCNO>
Mass inequalities in two dimensional gauged four fermi models


  We quantitatively analyze the meson mass inequality relations of two
dimensional gauged four fermi models in the large N limit. The class of models
we study includes the 't Hooft model, the chiral and non-chiral Gross-Neveu
models as special points in the space of field theories. Cases where the chiral
symmetry is spontaneously or explicitly broken are both studied. We study the
meson mass inequality quantitatively and define a susceptibility which allows
us to systematically analyze the inequality. In the generalized Gross-Neveu
model limit, we derive an analytic expression for this susceptibility. Even
though no analytic proof of the validity of the classic mass inequality exists
for the generic case, the mass inequality is found to be positive throughout
most of the parameter space. We point out that the inequality might be negative
in certain cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1386 </DOCNO>
Penetration Depth and Anisotropy in MgB2


  The penetration depth lambda of MgB2 was deduced from both the ac
susceptibility chi and the magnetization M(H) of sorted powders. The good
agreement between the two sets of data without geometric correction for the
grain orientation suggests that MgB2 is an isotropic superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98801 </DOCNO>
Kovalevskaya top -- an elementary approach


  The goal of this note is to give an elementary and very short solution to
equations of motion for the Kovalevskaya top. For this we use some results from
original papers by Kovalevskay, K\"otter and Weber and also the authors Lax
representation (see math-ph/0111024)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72534 </DOCNO>
QCD-improved factorization in nonleptonic B decays


  I consider nonleptonic decays of B mesons into two light mesons using the
light-cone wave functions for the mesons. In the heavy quark limit,
nonfactorizable contributions are calculable from first principles in some
decay modes. I review the idea of the QCD-improved factorization method and
discuss the implications in phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168854 </DOCNO>
Teleportation as a Depolarizing Quantum Channel, Relative Entropy and


  We show that standard teleportation with an arbitrary mixed state resource is
equivalent to a generalized depolarizing channel with probabilities given by
the maximally entangled components of the resource. This enables the usage of
any quantum channel as a generalized depolarizing channel without additional
twirling operations. It also provides a nontrivial upper bound on the
entanglement of a class of mixed states. Our result allows a consistent and
statistically motivated quantification of teleportation success in terms of the
relative entropy and this quantification can be related to a classical
capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1649 </DOCNO>
Multiply quantized vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates


  Vortex configurations in rotating Bose-Einstein condensed gases trapped in
power-law and anharmonic potentials are studied. When the confining potential
is steeper than harmonic in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation,
vortices with quantum numbers larger than one are energetically favorable if
the interaction is weak enough. Features of the wave function for small and
intermediate rotation frequencies are investigated numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168569 </DOCNO>
Unconditional security in quantum bit commitment


  The commitment of bits between two mutually distrustful parties is a powerful
cryptographic primitive with which many cryptographic objectives can be
achieved. It is widely believed that unconditionally secure quantum bit
commitment is impossible due to quantum entanglement cheating, which is
codified in a general impossibility theorem. Gaps in the proof of this
impossibility theorem are found. An unconditionally secure bit commitment
protocol utilizing anonymous quantum states and the no-clone theorem is
presented below with a full security proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123374 </DOCNO>
Plasmoid-Induced-Reconnection and Fractal Reconnection


  As a key to undertanding the basic mechanism for fast reconnection in solar
flares, plasmoid-induced-reconnection and fractal reconnection are proposed and
examined. We first briefly summarize recent solar observations that give us
hints on the role of plasmoid (flux rope) ejections in flare energy release. We
then discuss the plasmoid-induced-reconnection model, which is an extention of
the classical two-ribbon-flare model which we refer to as the CSHKP model. An
essential ingredient of the new model is the formation and ejection of a
plasmoid which play an essential role in the storage of magnetic energy (by
inhibiting reconnection) and the induction of a strong inflow into reconnection
region. Using a simple analytical model, we show that the plasmoid ejection and
acceleration are closely coupled with the reconnection process, leading to a
nonlinear instability for the whole dynamics that determines the macroscopic
reconnection rate uniquely. Next we show that the current sheet tends to have a
fractal structure via the following process path: tearing, sheet thinning,
Sweet- Parker sheet, secondary tearing, further sheet thinning... These
processes occur repeatedly at smaller scales until a microscopic plasma scale
(either the ion Larmor radius or the ion inertial length) is reached where
anomalous resistivity or collisionless reconnection can occur. The current
sheet eventually has a fractal structure with many plasmoids (magnetic islands)
of different sizes. When these plasmoids are ejected out of the current sheets,
fast reconnection occurs at various different scales in a highly time dependent
manner. Finally, a scenario is presented for fast reconnection in the solar
corona on the basis of above plasmoid-induced-reconnection in a fractal current
sheet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1046 </DOCNO>
Solar reaction rates, non-extensivity and quantum uncertainty


  We show that in weakly non-ideal plasmas, like the solar interior, both
non-extensivity and quantum uncertainty (a' la Galitskii and Yakimets) should
be taken into account to derive equilibrium ion distribution functions and to
estimate nuclear reaction rates and solar neutrino fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6019 </DOCNO>
The core structure of presolar graphite onions


  Of the ``presolar particles'' extracted from carbonaceous chondrite
dissolution residues, i.e. of those particles which show isotopic evidence of
solidification in the neighborhood of other stars prior to the origin of our
solar system, one subset has an interesting concentric
graphite-rim/graphene-core structure. We show here that single graphene sheet
defects in the onion cores (e.g. cyclopentane loops) may be observable edge-on
by HREM. This could allow a closer look at models for their formation, and in
particular strengthen the possibility that growth of these assemblages proceeds
atom-by-atom with the aid of such in-plane defects, under conditions of growth
(e.g. radiation fluxes or grain temperature) which discourage the graphite
layering that dominates subsequent formation of the rim.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2810 </DOCNO>
Strong Enhancement of Superconducting T_c in Ferromagnetic Phases


  It is shown that the critical temperature for spin-triplet, p-wave
superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations is generically much higher in a
Heisenberg ferromagnetic phase than in a paramagnetic one, due to the coupling
of the magnons to the longitudinal magnetic susceptibility. Together with the
tendency of the low-temperature ferromagnetic transition in very clean
Heisenberg magnets to be of first order, this qualitatively explains the phase
diagram recently observed in UGe_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76872 </DOCNO>
Scattering of light exotic atoms in excited states


  The differential and total cross sections for the scattering of muonic,
pionic, kaonic and antiprotonic hydrogen in excited states from atomic hydrogen
have been calculated for the purpose of atomic cascade calculations. The
scattering problem is treated in a fully quantum mechanical framework which
takes the energy shifts and, in the case of the hadronic atoms, the widths of
the ns states into account. The validity of semiclassical approximations is
critically examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4146 </DOCNO>
Liquid, Glass and Crystal in Two-dimensional Hard disks


  We study the thermodynamic and dynamic phase transitions in two-dimensional
polydisperse hard disks using Monte Carlo methods. A conventional local Monte
Carlo algorithm allows us to observe a dynamic liquid-glass transition at a
density, which depends very little on the degree of polydispersity. We
furthermore apply Monte Carlo methods which sample the Boltzmann equilibrium
distribution at any value of the density and polydispersity, and remain ergodic
even far within the glass. We find that the dynamical transition is not
accompanied by a thermodynamic transition in this two-dimensional system so
that the glass is thermodynamically identical to the liquid. Moreover, we
scrutinize the polydispersity-driven transition from the crystal into the
disordered phase (liquid or glass). Our results indicate the presence of a
continuous (Kosterlitz-Thouless type) transition upon increase of the
polydispersity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96007 </DOCNO>
On the additivity of the Thurston--Bennequin invariant of Legendrian


  In this article, we consider the maximal value of the Thurston--Bennequin
invariant of Legendrian knots which topologically represent a fixed knot type
in the standard contact 3-space and we prove a formula of the value under the
connected sum operation of knots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4285 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Bicritical and Tetracritical Phenomena and Scaling


  The multicritical point at which both a 3-component and a 2-component order
parameters order simultaneously in 3 dimensions is shown to have the critical
behavior of the decoupled fixed point, with separate n=3 and n=2 behavior. This
contradicts both the extrapolation of the epsilon-expansion at leading order,
which yields the biconical point, and recent Monte Carlo simulations, which
gave isotropic SO(5) behavior. Thus, this tetracritical point carries no
information on the relevance of the so-called SO(5) theory of high-T
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72607 </DOCNO>
Correlations in e+e- --> W+W- hadronic decays


  A mathematical formalism for the analysis of correlations in multi-source
events such as $W^+W^-$ production in $e^+e^-$ annihilations is presented.
Various measures used in experimental searches for inter-$W$ correlations are
reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4504 </DOCNO>
Low-Temperature Long-Time Simulations of Ising Ferromagnets using the


  The Monte Carlo with Absorbing Markov Chains (MCAMC) method is introduced.
This method is a generalization of the rejection-free method known as the
$n$-fold way. The MCAMC algorithm is applied to the study of the very
low-temperature properties of the lifetime of the metastable state of Ising
ferromagnets. This is done both for square-lattice and cubic-lattice
nearest-neighbor models. Comparison is made with exact low-temperature
predictions, in particular the low-temperature predictions that the metastable
lifetime is discontinuous at particular values of the field. This discontinuity
for the square lattice is not seen in finite-temperatures studies. For the
cubic lattice, it is shown that these `exact predictions' are incorrect near
the fields where there are discontinuities. The low-temperature formula must be
modified and the corrected low-temperature predictions are not discontinuous in
the energy of the nucleating droplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124499 </DOCNO>
Polarization Insights for Active Galactic Nuclei


  Optical spectropolarimetry and broadband polarimetry in other wavebands has
been a key to understanding many diverse aspects of AGN. In some cases
polarization is due to synchrotron radiation, and in other cases it's due to
scattering. Recognition of relativistically beamed optical synchrotron emission
by polarization was vital for understanding blazars (BL Lacs and Optically
Violently Variable quasars), both physically and geometrically. Radio
polarimetry of quiescent AGN is equally important, again for both purposes.
Scattering polarization was central to the Unified Model for Seyferts, Radio
Galaxies and (high ionization) Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies. It provides a
periscope for viewing AGN from other directions. Finally, if we could
understand its message, polarization would also provide major insights
regarding the nature of the AGN "Featureless Continuum" and Broad (emission)
Line Region. I point out that high ionization ULIRGs have all the exact right
properties to be called Quasar 2s. Mid-IR observations generally don't
penetrate to the nucleus, greatly reducing their ability to diagnose the energy
source. In particular, LINER ULIRGs aren't necessarily starburst-dominated, as
has been claimed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75299 </DOCNO>
On Neutrino Masses and a Low Breaking Scale of Left-Right Symmetry


  In left-right symmetric models (LRSM) the light neutrino masses arise from
two sources: the seesaw mechanism and a VEV of an SU(2)$_L$ triplet. If the
left-right symmetry breaking, $v_R$, is low, $v_R\lsim15\TeV$, the
contributions to the light neutrino masses from both the seesaw mechanism and
the triplet Yukawa couplings are expected to be well above the experimental
bounds. We present a minimal LRSM with an additional U(1) symmetry in which the
masses induced by the two sources are below the eV scale and the two-fold
problem is solved. We further show that, if the U(1) symmetry is also
responsible for the lepton flavor structure, the model yields a small mixing
angle within the first two lepton generations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168090 </DOCNO>
Interference due to Coherence Swapping


  We propose a method called `coherence swapping' which enables us to create
superposition of a particle in two distinct paths, which is fed with initially
incoherent, independent radiations. This phenomenon is also present for the
charged particles, and can be used to swap the effect of flux line due to
Aharonov-Bohm effect. We propose an optical version of the experimental set-up
to test the coherence swapping. The phenomenon, which is simpler than
entanglement swapping or teleportation, raises some fundamental questions about
true nature of wave-particle duality, and also opens up the possibility of
studying the quantum erasure from a new angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97336 </DOCNO>
On Independent Representation


  We prove that if Gamma is a theory in propositional calculus of cardinality
<=aleph_1 then there is an equivalent theory with no redandent sentence. This
answers a question of Laszlo Csirmaz, to whom I thank.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81173 </DOCNO>
Exact Lattice Supersymmetry: the Two-Dimensional N=2 Wess-Zumino Model


  We study the two-dimensional Wess-Zumino model with extended N=2
supersymmetry on the lattice. The lattice prescription we choose has the merit
of preserving {\it exactly} a single supersymmetric invariance at finite
lattice spacing $a$. Furthermore, we construct three other transformations of
the lattice fields under which the variation of the lattice action vanishes to
$O(ga^2)$ where $g$ is a typical interaction coupling. These four
transformations correspond to the two Majorana supercharges of the continuum
theory. We also derive lattice Ward identities corresponding to these exact and
approximate symmetries. We use dynamical fermion simulations to check the
equality of the massgaps in the boson and fermion sectors and to check the
lattice Ward identities. At least for weak coupling we see no problems
associated with a lack of reflection positivity in the lattice action and find
good agreement with theory. At strong coupling we provide evidence that
problems associated with a lack of reflection positivity are evaded for small
enough lattice spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2904 </DOCNO>
Complexation of DNA with positive spheres: phase diagram of charge


  The phase diagram of a water solution of DNA and oppositely charged spherical
macroions is studied. DNA winds around spheres to form beads-on-a-string
complexes resembling the chromatin 10 nm fiber. At small enough concentration
of spheres these "artificial chromatin" complexes are negative, while at large
enough concentrations of spheres the charge of DNA is inverted by the adsorbed
spheres. Charges of complexes stabilize their solutions. In the plane of
concentrations of DNA and spheres the phases with positive and negative
complexes are separated by another phase, which contains the condensate of
neutral DNA-spheres complexes. Thus when the concentration of spheres grows,
DNA-spheres complexes experience condensation and resolubilization (or
reentrant condensation). Phenomenological theory of the phase diagram of
reentrant condensation and charge inversion is suggested. Parameters of this
theory are calculated by microscopic theory. It is shown that an important part
of the effect of a monovalent salt on the phase diagram can be described by the
nontrivial renormalization of the effective linear charge density of DNA wound
around a sphere, due to the Onsager-Manning condensation. We argue that our
phenomenological phase diagram or reentrant condensation is generic to a large
class of strongly asymmetric electrolytes. Possible implication of these
results for the natural chromatin are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75172 </DOCNO>
Semi-Simple Unification on T^6/Z_12 Orientifold in the Type IIB


  The semi-simple unification model based on SU(5)_GUT \times U(3)_H gauge
group is an interesting extension of the minimal SU(5)_GUT grand unification
theory (GUT), since it solves the two serious problems in the standard GUT: the
triplet-doublet splitting problem and the presence of dangerous dimension five
operators for proton decay. Here, the extra U(3)_H gauge interaction plays a
crucial role on the GUT breaking. In this paper, we show that the full
multiplet structure of the U(3)_H sector required for the desired GUT breaking
is reproduced naturally on T^6/Z_12 orientifold in the type IIB supergravity
with a D3-D7 system. The SU(5)_GUT vector multiplet lives on D7-branes and the
U(3)_H sector resides on D3-branes. We also show that various interesting
features in the original SU(5)_GUT \times U(3)_H model are explained in the
present brane-world scenario. A possible extension to the type IIB string
theory is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41794 </DOCNO>
Backward spin polarizability $\gamma_\pi$ of the proton


  Using the Mainz $48 cm {\O}\times 64 cm$ NaI(Tl) detector and the segmented
G\"ottingen recoil detector SENECA in coincidence, Compton scattering by the
proton at $\theta^{lab}_\gamma = 136^\circ$ has been measured at MAMI (Mainz)
in the energy range from 200 to 470 MeV. The new data confirm the previous
observation that there is a systematic discrepancy between MAMI and LEGS
(Brookhaven) data leading to different spin polarizabilities $\gamma_\pi = -
38.7 \pm 1.8$ and $-27.2 \pm 3.1$ $(\times 10^{-4}fm^4)$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129439 </DOCNO>
Planet Formation in the Outer Solar System


  This paper reviews coagulation models for planet formation in the Kuiper
Belt, emphasizing links to recent observations of our and other solar systems.
At heliocentric distances of 35-50 AU, single annulus and multiannulus
planetesimal accretion calculations produce several 1000 km or larger planets
and many 50-500 km objects on timescales of 10-30 Myr in a Minimum Mass Solar
Nebula. Planets form more rapidly in more massive nebulae. All models yield two
power law cumulative size distributions, N_C propto r^{-q} with q = 3.0-3.5 for
radii larger than 10 km and N_C propto r^{-2.5} for radii less than 1 km. These
size distributions are consistent with observations of Kuiper Belt objects
acquired during the past decade. Once large objects form at 35-50 AU,
gravitational stirring leads to a collisional cascade where 0.1-10 km objects
are ground to dust. The collisional cascade removes 80% to 90% of the initial
mass in the nebula in roughly 1 Gyr. This dust production rate is comparable to
rates inferred for alpha Lyr, beta Pic, and other extrasolar debris disk
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86168 </DOCNO>
Extra Spin-Rotation Coupling Effect in a Radiating Kerr Space-time


  Source-less wave equations are derived for massless scalar, neutrino and
electromagnetic perturbations of a radiating Kerr space-time, and the Hawking
radiation of massless particles with spin $s =0, 1/2$ and 1 in this geometry is
investigated by using a method of the generalized tortoise coordinate
transformation. An extra interaction between the spin of particles and the
rotation of the hole displays in the thermal spectra of Hawking radiation of
massless particles with spin $s = 1/2, 1$ in the evaporating Kerr space-time.
The character of such effect is its obvious dependence on different helicity
states of particles with higher spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125892 </DOCNO>
Ionisation Structure in Accretion Shocks with a Composite Cooling


  We have investigated the ionisation structure of the post-shock regions of
magnetic cataclysmic variables using an analytic density and temperature
structure model in which effects due to bremsstrahlung and cyclotron cooling
are considered. We find that in the majority of the shock-heated region where
H- and He-like lines of the heavy elements are emitted, the
collisional-ionisation and corona-condition approximations are justified. We
have calculated the line emissivity and ionisation profiles for Iron as a
function of height within the post-shock flow. For low-mass white dwarfs, line
emission takes place near the shock. For high-mass white dwarfs, most of the
line emission takes place in regions well below the shock and hence it is less
sensitive to the shock temperature. Thus, the line ratios are useful to
determine the white-dwarf masses for the low-mass white dwarfs, but the method
is less reliable when the white dwarfs are massive. Line spectra can, however,
be used to map the hydrodynamic structure of the post-shock accretion flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148077 </DOCNO>
p-Branes from Generalized Yang-Mills Theory


  We consider the reduced, quenched version of a generalized Yang-Mills action
in 4k-dimensional spacetime. This is a new kind of matrix theory which is
mapped through the Weyl-Wigner-Moyal correspondence into a field theory over a
non-commutative phase space. We show that the ``classical'' limit of this field
theory is encoded into the effective action of an open, (4k-1)-dimensional,
bulk brane enclosed by a dynamical, Chern-Simons type, (4k-2)-dimensional,
boundary brane. The bulk action is a pure volume term, while the boundary
action carries all the dynamical degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86280 </DOCNO>
Dimensional regularization of the gravitational interaction of point


  We show how to use dimensional regularization to determine, within the
Arnowitt-Deser-Misner canonical formalism, the reduced Hamiltonian describing
the dynamics of two gravitationally interacting point masses. Implementing, at
the third post-Newtonian (3PN) accuracy, our procedure we find that dimensional
continuation yields a finite, unambiguous (no pole part) 3PN Hamiltonian which
uniquely determines the heretofore ambiguous ``static'' parameter: namely,
$\omega_s=0$. Our work also provides a remarkable check of the perturbative
consistency (compatibility with gauge symmetry) of dimensional continuation
through a direct calculation of the ``kinetic'' parameter $\omega_k$, giving
the unique answer compatible with global Poincar\'e invariance
($\omega_k={41/24}$) by summing $\sim50$ different dimensionally continued
contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6232 </DOCNO>
Dual model for magnetic excitations and superconductivity in UPd2Al3


  The Heavy Fermion state in UPd2Al3 may be approximately described by a dual
model where two of the three U- 5f electrons are in a localized state split by
the crystalline electric field into two low lying singlets with a splitting
energy of about 6 meV. The third 5f electron has itinerant character and forms
the Heavy Electron bands. Inelastic neutron scattering and tunneling
experiments suggest that magnetic excitons, the collective propagating crystal
field excitations of the localized 5f electrons, mediate superconducting (sc)
pairing in UPd2Al3. A theory for this novel mechanism is developed within a
nonretarded approach. A model for the magnetic exciton bands is analyzed and
compared with experiment. The sc pair potential which they mediate is derived
and the gap equations are solved. It is shown that this mechanism favors an odd
parity state which is nondegenerate due to the combined symmetry breaking by
the crystalline electric field and the AF order parameter. A hybrid model
including the spin fluctuation contribution to the pairing is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41094 </DOCNO>
CP violation, B mixing and B lifetime results from the BABAR experiment


  The BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC collected a
sample of 23M B-anti-B pairs in the years 1999 and 2000. Using this data
sample, we measure the amplitude of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetry
in neutral B decays to the CP eigenstates B0 --> J/psi K0S, B0 --> psi(2S) K0S
and B0 --> J/psi K0L. We find a value of sin2beta = 0.34 +/- 0.20 (stat) +/-
0.05 (syst). We also present preliminary measurements of the B^0-anti-B^0
oscillation frequency and of the lifetimes of charged and neutral B mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75449 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis from $\widetilde{N}$-dominated early universe


  We investigate in detail the leptogenesis by the decay of coherent
right-handed sneutrino $\widetilde{N}$ having dominated the energy density of
the early universe, which was originally proposed by HM and TY. Once the
$\widetilde{N}$ dominant universe is realized, the amount of the generated
lepton asymmetry (and hence baryon asymmetry) is determined only by the
properties of the right-handed neutrino, regardless of the history before it
dominates the universe. Moreover, thanks to the entropy production by the decay
of the right-handed sneutrino, thermally produced relics are sufficiently
diluted. In particular, the cosmological gravitino problem can be avoided even
when the reheating temperature of the inflation is higher than $10^{10}\GeV$,
in a wide range of the gravitino mass $m_{3/2}\simeq 10\MeV$--$100\TeV$. If the
gravitino mass is in the range $m_{3/2}\simeq 10\MeV$--$1\GeV$ as in the some
gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking models, the dark matter in our universe
can be dominantly composed of the gravitino. Quantum fluctuation of the
$\widetilde{N}$ during inflation causes an isocurvature fluctuation which may
be detectable in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125906 </DOCNO>
1WGAJ1226.9+3332: a high redshift cluster discovered by Chandra


  We report the detection of 1WGAJ1226.9+3332 as an arcminute scale extended
X-ray source with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The Chandra observation and R
and K band imaging strongly support the identification of 1WGAJ1226.9+3332 as a
high redshift cluster of galaxies, most probably at z=0.85 +- 0.15, with an
inferred temperature kT =10 (+4;-3) keV and an unabsorbed luminosity (in a
r=120" aperture) of 1.3 (+0.16;-0.14) x 1e45 erg/s (0.5-10 keV). This
indication of redshift is also supported by the K and R band imaging, and is in
agreement with the spectroscopic redshift of 0.89 found by Ebeling et al.
(2001). The surface brightness profile is consistent with a beta-model with
beta=0.770 +- 0.025, rc=(18.1 +-0.9)" (corresponding to 101 +- 5 kpc at
z=0.89), and S(0)=1.02 +- 0.08 counts/arcsec**2. 1WGAJ1226.9+3332 was selected
as an extreme X-ray loud source with FX/FV>60; this selection method, thanks to
the large area sampled, seems to be a highly efficient method for finding
luminous high z clusters of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74483 </DOCNO>
Unified approach to hard diffraction


  Using a combination of S-Matrix and perturbative QCD properties in the small
x_{Bj} regime, we propose a formulation of hard diffraction unifying the
partonic (Ingelman-Schlein) Pomeron, Soft Colour Interaction and QCD dipole
descriptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1907 </DOCNO>
Topology and Phase Transitions: towards a proper mathematical definition


  A new point of view about the deep origin of thermodynamic phase transitions
is sketched. The main idea is to link the appearance of phase transitions to
some major topology change of suitable submanifolds of phase space instead of
linking them to non-analyticity, as is usual in the Yang-Lee and in the
Dobrushin-Ruelle-Sinai theories. In the new framework a new possibility appears
to properly define a mathematical counterpart of phase transitions also at
finite number of degrees of freedom. This is of prospective interest to the
study of those systems that challenge the conventional approaches, as is the
case of phase transitions in nuclear clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85830 </DOCNO>
Foundations of a nonlinear distributional geometry


  Co lombeau's construction of generalized functions (in its special variant)
is extended to a theory of generalized sections of vector bundles. As
particular cases, generalized tensor analysis and exterior algebra are studied.
A point value characterization for generalized functions on manifolds is
derived, several algebraic characterizations of spaces of generalized sections
are established and consistency properties with respect to linear
distributional geometry are derived. An application to nonsmooth mechanics
indicates the additional flexibility offered by this approach compared to the
purely distributional picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76541 </DOCNO>
A Monte Carlo Study on the Identification of Quark and Gluon Jets


  Three jets events in the e$^+$e$^-$ collisions at 91.2 GeV are investigated
using both HERWIG and JETSET Monte Carlo generators. The angles between the
three jets are used to identify the quark and gluon jets. The analysis at
parton level is done to ensure the reasonableness of this method and an angular
cut is ultilized to improve the purity of this identification. The multiplicity
inside the identified quark or gluon jets agree with the QCD predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128046 </DOCNO>
Baryon asymmetry of the Universe from evaporation of primordial black


  The process of baryogenesis through the evaporation of black holes formed at
the end of inflation phase is considered. The increase of black hole mass due
to accretion from the surrounding radiation after the reheating is taken into
account. It is shown that the influence of the accretion on the baryogenesis is
important only in the case when the initial values of black hole mass are
larger than $\sim 10^{4}{g}$. The behavior of calculated baryon asymmetry, as a
function of model parameters, is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124042 </DOCNO>
Observational constraints on inflation models with nonminimal scalar


  We present the power spectra of the scalar- and tensor-type structures
generated in an inflation model based on the nonminimally coupled scalar field
with a self coupling. By comparing the contributions of these structures to the
anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation with the four year COBE
DMR data we derive strong constraints on model parameters and the inflation
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 935 </DOCNO>
Price fluctuations from the order book perspective - empirical facts and


  Statistical properties of an order book and the effect they have on price
dynamics were studied using the high-frequency NASDAQ Level II data. It was
observed that the size distribution of marketable orders (transaction sizes)
has power law tails with an exponent 1+mu_{market}=2.4 \pm 0.1. The
distribution of limit order sizes was found to be consistent with a power law
with an exponent close to 2. A somewhat better fit to this distribution was
obtained by using a log-normal distribution with an effective power law
exponent equal to 2 in the middle of the observed range. The depth of the order
book measured as a price impact of a hypothetical large market order was
observed to be a non-linear function of its size. A large imbalance in the
number of limit orders placed at bid and ask sides of the book was shown to
lead to a short term deterministic price change, which is in accord with the
law of supply and demand.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148340 </DOCNO>
Massive Type IIA Theory on K3


  In this paper we study K3 compactification of ten-dimensional massive type
IIA theory with all possible Ramond-Ramond background fluxes turned on. The
resulting six-dimensional theory is a new massive (gauged) supergravity with an
action that is manifestly invariant under an O(4,20) / (O(4) times O(20))
duality symmetry. We discover that this six-dimensional theory interpolates
between vacua of ten-dimensional massive IIA supergravity and vacua of massless
IIA supergravity with appropriate background fluxes turned on. This in turn
suggests a new 11-dimensional interpretation for the massive type IIA theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75062 </DOCNO>
Single sneutrino production in $\gamma\gamma$ collisions


  We study the single production of sneutrinos with two leptons (or jets) via
$\gamma\gamma$ collision in an R-parity ($R_{p}$) violating supersymmetric
model. The subsequent decays of the sneutrino are also considered. The single
production of sneutrinos may provide a significant test of supersymmetry and
$R_p$-violation with flavour conserving and flavour changing final states. If
such processes coming from $R_p$ violation are not detected, the parameter
space of the model will be strongly constrained at the future Linear Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96585 </DOCNO>
Counting closed orbits of gradients of circle-valued maps


  Let $M$ be a closed connected manifold, $f$ be a Morse map from $M$ to a
circle, $v$ be a gradient-like vector field satisfying the transversality
condition. The Novikov construction associates to these data a chain complex
$C_*=C_*(f,v)$. There is a chain homotopy equivalence between $C_*$ and
completed simplicial chain complex of the corresponding infinite cyclic
covering of $M$. The first main result of the paper is the construction of a
functorial chain homotopy equivalence between these two complexes. The second
main result states that the torsion of this chain homotopy equivalence equals
to the Lefschetz zeta function of the gradient flow, if $v$ has only hyperbolic
closed orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149584 </DOCNO>
Gauged Supergravity and Singular Calabi-Yau Manifolds


  Compactifications of M-theory on singular manifolds contain additional
charged massless states descending from M-branes wrapped on vanishing cycles.
We construct the first explicit example of a complete supergravity Lagrangian
that includes such extra states. This is done for a compactification on a
Calabi-Yau threefold that develops a genus zero curve of A_1 singularities at
the boundary of the K\"ahler cone with a resulting SU(2) gauge symmetry
enhancement. The corresponding SU(2) gauged supergravity Lagrangian includes
two charged and two neutral vector multiplets, and turns out to be uniquely
fixed by the Calabi-Yau geometry and by the effective ungauged Lagrangian
describing the Coulomb branch. One can see explicitly how resolving the
singularity corresponds to a supersymmetric Higgs effect in the gauged
supergravity description. The elementary transformation relating the two
families of smooth Calabi-Yau resolutions of the singularity acts as the SU(2)
Weyl twist. The resulting structure appears to be very rigid and is likely to
apply to other types of singularities and manifolds as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40792 </DOCNO>
Prospects for radio detection of extremely high energy cosmic rays and


  We explore the feasibility of using the Moon as a detector of extremely high
energy (>10^19 eV) cosmic rays and neutrinos. The idea is to use the existing
radiotelescopes on Earth to look for short pulses of Cherenkov radiation in the
GHz range emitted by showers induced just below the surface of the Moon when
cosmic rays or neutrinos strike it. We estimate the energy threshold of the
technique and the effective aperture and volume of the Moon for this detection.
We apply our calculation to obtain the expected event rates from the observed
cosmic ray flux and several representative theoretical neutrino fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169526 </DOCNO>
Error correction code for protecting three-qubit quantum information


  We present a quantum error correction code which protects three quantum bits
(qubits) of quantum information against one erasure, i.e., a single-qubit
arbitrary error at a known position. To accomplish this, we encode the original
state by distributing quantum information over six qubits which is the minimal
number for the present task (see reference [1]). The encoding and error
recovery operations for such a code are presented. It is noted that the present
code is also a three-qubit quantum hidded information code over each qubit. In
addition, an encoding scheme for hiding $n$-qubit quantum information over each
qubit is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127981 </DOCNO>
The Mauna Kea Observatories Near-Infrared Filter Set. II. Specifications


  We present a description of a new 1--5 $\mu$m filter set similar to the
long-used JHKLM filter set derived from that of Johnson. The new Mauna Kea
Observatories Near-Infrared (MKO-NIR) filter set is designed to reduce
background noise, improve photometric transformations from observatory to
observatory, provide greater accuracy in extrapolating to zero air mass, and
reduce the color dependence in the extinction coefficient in photometric
reductions. We have also taken into account the requirements of adaptive optics
in setting the flatness specification of the filters. A complete technical
description is presented to facilitate the production of similar filters in the
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 863 </DOCNO>
Flux Phase as a Dynamic Jahn-Teller Phase: Berryonic Matter in the


  There is considerable evidence for some form of charge ordering on the
hole-doped stripes in the cuprates, mainly associated with the low-temperature
tetragonal phase, but with some evidence for either charge density waves or a
flux phase, which is a form of dynamic charge-density wave. These three states
form a pseudospin triplet, demonstrating a close connection with the E X e
dynamic Jahn-Teller effect, suggesting that the cuprates constitute a form of
Berryonic matter. This in turn suggests a new model for the dynamic Jahn-Teller
effect as a form of flux phase. A simple model of the Cu-O bond stretching
phonons allows an estimate of electron-phonon coupling for these modes,
explaining why the half breathing mode softens so much more than the full
oxygen breathing mode. The anomalous properties of $O^{2-}$ provide a coupling
(correlated hopping) which acts to stabilize density wave phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148021 </DOCNO>
On the Polarization of Unstable D0-Branes into Non-Commutative Odd


  We consider the polarization of unstable type IIB D0-branes in the presence
of a background five-form field strength. This phenomenon is studied from the
point of view of the leading terms in the non-abelian Born Infeld action of the
unstable D0-branes. The equations have SO(4) invariant solutions describing a
non-commutative 3-sphere, which becomes a classical 3-sphere in the large N
limit. We discuss the interpretation of these solutions as spherical D3-branes.
The tachyon plays a tantalizingly geometrical role in relating the fuzzy S^3
geometry to that of a fuzzy S^4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86589 </DOCNO>
Evolution systems for non-linear perturbations of background geometries


  The formulation of the initial value problem for the Einstein equations is at
the heart of obtaining interesting new solutions using numerical relativity and
still very much under theoretical and applied scrutiny. We develop a
specialised background geometry approach, for systems where there is
non-trivial a priori knowledge about the spacetime under study. The background
three-geometry and associated connection are used to express the ADM evolution
equations in terms of physical non-linear deviations from that background.
Expressing the equations in first order form leads naturally to a system
closely linked to the Einstein-Christoffel system, introduced by Anderson and
York, and sharing its hyperbolicity properties. We illustrate the drastic
alteration of the source structure of the equations, and discuss why this is
likely to be numerically advantageous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168791 </DOCNO>
On the Dynamical Invariants and the Geometric Phases for a General Spin


  We consider a class of general spin Hamiltonians of the form
$H_s(t)=H_0(t)+H'(t)$ where $H_0(t)$ and $H'(t)$ describe the dipole
interaction of the spins with an arbitrary time-dependent magnetic field and
the internal interaction of the spins, respectively. We show that if $H'(t)$ is
rotationally invariant, then $H_s(t)$ admits the same dynamical invariant as
$H_0(t)$. A direct application of this observation is a straightforward
rederivation of the results of Yan et al [Phys. Lett. A, Vol: 251 (1999) 289
and Vol: 259 (1999) 207] on the Heisenberg spin system in a changing magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129367 </DOCNO>
On the possible reason for non-detection of TeV-protons in SNRs


  The theory of shock acceleration predicts the maximum particle energy to be
limited only by the acceleration time and the size (geometry) of the shock.
This led to optimistic estimates for the galactic cosmic ray energy achievable
in the SNR shocks. The estimates imply that the accelerated particles, while
making no strong impact on the shock structure (test particle approach) are
nevertheless scattered by strong self-generated Alfven waves (turbulent boost)
needed to accelerate them quickly. We demonstrate that these two assumptions
are in conflict when applied to SNRs of the age required for cosmic ray
acceleration to the ``knee'' energy.
  We study the combined effect of acceleration nonlinearity (shock modification
by accelerated particles) and wave generation on the acceleration process. We
show that the refraction of self-generated waves resulting from the
deceleration of the plasma flow by the pressure of energetic particles causes
enhanced losses of these particles. This effect slows down the acceleration and
changes the shape of particle spectrum near the cut-off. The implications for
observations of TeV emission from SNR remnants are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113954 </DOCNO>
Reducing the linewidth of a diode laser below 30 Hz by stabilization to


  An extended cavity diode laser operating in the Littrow configuration
emitting near 657 nm is stabilized via its injection current to a reference
cavity with a finesse of more than 10^5 and a corresponding resonance linewidth
of 14 kHz. The laser linewidth is reduced from a few MHz to a value below 30
Hz. The compact and robust setup appears ideal for a portable optical frequency
standard using the Calcium intercombination line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168798 </DOCNO>
Sufficient conditions for three-particle entanglement and their tests in


  We point out a loophole problem in some recent experimental claims to produce
three-particle entanglement. The problem consists in the question whether
mixtures of two-particle entangled states might suffice to explain the
experimental data.
  In an attempt to close this loophole, we review two sufficient conditions
that distinguish between N-particle states in which all N particles are
entangled to each other and states in which only M particles are entangled
(with M<N). It is shown that three recent experiments to obtain three-particle
entangled states (Bouwmeester et al., Pan et al., and Rauschenbeutel et al.) do
not meet these conditions. We conclude that the question whether these
experiments provide confirmation of three-particle entanglement remains
unresolved. We also propose modifications of the experiments that would make
such confirmation feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128637 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy in models with Quintessence


  We study the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies produced by
cosine-type quintessence models. In our analysis, effects of the adiabatic and
isocurvature fluctuations are both taken into account. For purely adiabatic
fluctuations with scale invariant spectrum, we obtain a stringent constraint on
the model parameters using the CMB data from COBE, BOOMERanG and MAXIMA.
Furthermore, it is shown that isocurvature fluctuations have significant
effects on the CMB angular power spectrum at low multipoles in some parameter
space, which may be detectable in future satellite experiments. Such a signal
may be used to test the cosine-type quintessence models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149762 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Polarization for a Massless Spin-1/2 Field in the Global Monopole


  In this paper we present the effects produced by the temperature in the
renormalized vacuum expectation value of the zero-zero component of the
energy-momentum tensor associated with massless left-handed spinor field in the
pointlike global monopole spacetime. In order to develop this calculation we
had to obtain the Euclidean thermal Green function in this background. Because
the expression obtained for the thermal energy density cannot be expressed in a
closed form, its explicit dependence on the temperature is not completely
evident. So, in order to obtain concrete information about its thermal
behavior, we develop a numerical analysis of our result in the high-temperature
limit for specific values of the parameter $\alpha$ which codify the presence
of the monopole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72398 </DOCNO>
Dissipation, noise and vacuum decay in quantum field theory


  We study the process of vacuum decay in quantum field theory focusing on the
stochastic aspects of the interaction between long and short-wavelength modes.
This interaction results in a diffusive behavior of the reduced Wigner function
describing the state of the long-wavelength modes, and thereby to a finite
activation rate even at zero temperature. This effect can make a substantial
contribution to the total decay rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169412 </DOCNO>
On the Classical Limit of Quantum Mechanics


  Contrary to the widespread belief, the problem of the emergence of classical
mechanics from quantum mechanics is still open. In spite of many results on the
$\h \to 0$ asymptotics, it is not yet clear how to explain within standard
quantum mechanics the classical motion of macroscopic bodies. In this paper we
shall analyze special cases of classical behavior in the framework of a precise
formulation of quantum mechanics, Bohmian mechanics, which contains in its own
structure the possibility of describing real objects in an observer-independent
way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97715 </DOCNO>
Semi-infinite variations of Hodge structures and integrable hierarchies


  We introduce integrable KdV type hierarchy associated naturally with
arbitrary semi-simple Frobenius manifold. We present hierarchy in a Lax form
and show that it admits bihamiltonian description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4604 </DOCNO>
Phase states in amorphous carbon


  Amorphous carbon (a-C) formed under energetic atom deposition and by cooling
of a melt by MD simulations in a wide $P,T$-range is investigated. Simulations
of a-C formation with atomic beam deposition reveal a sharp GLC-to-DLC
transition with $z=3.35 $. The average coordination number, $ z $, depends on
the depositing atom energy. Voronoi polyhedra of the 3-coordinated atoms
changes dramatically in the vicinity of the transition while for the
4-coordinated atoms they are changing a few. The elastic moduli along with
densities of states of electrons and phonons in the GLC and DLC states are
investigated. Changes of a-C with temperature and pressure evolution and
GLC-DLC transformations are studied. The map of isoconfigurational states on
the ($P,T$)-plane shows regions of GLC and DLC phases stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2151 </DOCNO>
Growth Exponents with 3.99 Walkers


  It is argued that the dielectric-breakdown model has an upper critical
$\eta_c$ equal to 4, for which the clusters become one-dimensional. A
renormalization group treatment of the model is presented near the critical
$\eta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76131 </DOCNO>
Matter in a Warped and Oscillating Background


  We examine the role of matter in an oscillating background with a warped,
compact extra dimension. This background is compatible with an S^1/Z_2 orbifold
structure which allows chiral fermions to be included in the scenario. When the
background oscillates rapidly, the leading coupling of these oscillations is to
gauge fields rather than fermions. If the decay of these oscillations were to
occur today, it could provide an alternative mechanism for generating the ultra
high energy cosmic rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75231 </DOCNO>
Leptonic CP Violation at the neutrino factory


  In this talk, based on the work \cite{cpviolation}, we refine our previous
analysis \cite{golden} of the sensitivity to leptonic CP violation and
$\tetaot$ at a neutrino factory in the LMA-MSW scenario, by exploring the full
range of these two parameters. We have discovered that there exist, at fixed
neutrino energy, $E_\nu$, and baseline, $L$, degenerate solutions. Although the
spectral analysis helps in disentangling fake from true solutions, a leftover
product of this degeneracy remains for a realistic detector, which we analyse.
Furthermore, we take into account the expected uncertainties on the solar and
atmospheric oscillation parameters and in the average Earth matter density
along the neutrino path. An intermediate baseline of O(3000) km is still the
best option to tackle CP violation, although a combination of two baselines
turns out to be very important in resolving degeneracies. This summary is based
on a talk given at NUFACT01, May 2001, Tsukuba (Japan).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72970 </DOCNO>
On a universal photonic tunnelling time


  We consider photonic tunnelling through evanescent regions and obtain general
analytic expressions for the transit (phase) time $\tau$ (in the opaque barrier
limit) in order to study the recently proposed ``universality'' property
according to which $\tau$ is given by the reciprocal of the photon frequency.
We consider different physical phenomena (corresponding to performed
experiments) and show that such a property is only an approximation. In
particular we find that the ``correction'' factor is a constant term for total
internal reflection and quarter-wave photonic bandgap, while it is
frequency-dependent in the case of undersized waveguide and distributed Bragg
reflector. The comparison of our predictions with the experimental results
shows quite a good agreement with observations and reveals the range of
applicability of the approximated ``universality'' property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97874 </DOCNO>
Growth Series and Random Walks on Some Hyperbolic Graphs


  Consider the tesselation of the hyperbolic plane by m-gons, l per vertex. In
its 1-skeleton, we compute the growth series of vertices, geodesics, tuples of
geodesics with common extremities. We also introduce and enumerate "holly
trees", a family of reduced loops in these graphs. We then apply Grigorchuk's
result relating cogrowth and random walks to obtain lower estimates on the
spectral radius of the Markov operator associated with a symmetric random walk
on these graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76145 </DOCNO>
Baryons in the nonperturbative string approach


  We present some piloting calculations of masses and short-range correlation
coefficients for the ground states of light and heavy baryons in the framework
of the simple approximation within the nonperturbative QCD approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5171 </DOCNO>
Construction of some missing eigenvectors of the XYZ spin chain at the


  We discuss an algebraic method for constructing eigenvectors of the transfer
matrix of the eight vertex model at the discrete coupling parameters. We
consider the algebraic Bethe ansatz of the elliptic quantum group $E_{\tau,
\eta}(sl_2)$ for the case where the parameter $\eta$ satisfies $2 N \eta = m_1
+ m_2 \tau $ for arbitrary integers $N$, $m_1$ and $m_2$. When $m_1$ or $m_2$
is odd, the eigenvectors thus obtained have not been discussed previously.
Furthermore, we construct a family of degenerate eigenvectors of the XYZ spin
chain, some of which are shown to be related to the $sl_2$ loop algebra
symmetry of the XXZ spin chain. We show that the dimension of some degenerate
eigenspace of the XYZ spin chain on $L$ sites is given by $N 2^{L/N}$, if $L/N$
is an even integer. The construction of eigenvectors of the transfer matrices
of some related IRF models is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148242 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation and Spectrum of Strings on D-branes


  We investigate spectrum of open strings on D-branes after tachyon
condensation in bosonic string theory. We calculate 1-loop partition function
of the string and show that its limiting forms coincide with partition
functions of open strings with different boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148744 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional Noncommutative Gravity


  We formulate noncommutative three-dimensional (3d) gravity by making use of
its connection with 3d Chern-Simons theory. In the Euclidean sector, we
consider the particular example of topology $T^2 \times R$ and show that the 3d
black hole solves the noncommutative equations. We then consider the black hole
on a constant U(1) background and show that the black hole charges (mass and
angular momentum) are modified by the presence of this background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 969 </DOCNO>
Nondiffusive heat transfer in muscle tissue. Preliminary results


  We present preliminary experimental data that enable us to suggest that heat
transfer in cellular tissue under local strong heating is a more complex
phenomenon than a simple heat diffusion. Namely, we demonstrate that under
local strong heating of a muscle tissue heat transfer in it exhibits
substantial anisotropy unexplained in the context of the standard diffusion
model. The observed temperature dynamics is also characterized by nonlinear
behavior as well as by a certain repeat reversibility. The latter means that
the time variations in the temperature of a cellular tissue undergoing repeated
acts of heating go in the same way at least approximately. We explain the
observed anomalous properties of heat transfer by suggesting the flow of the
interstitial liquid to appear due to nonuniform heating which, in turn, affects
the heat transfer. A possible mechanism responsible for this effect is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4026 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependences of the surface resistance and the diamagnetic


  At T_c-T<<T_c(i.e., near T_c), in order to demonstrate the condudction
mechanism and temperature dependencies of the diamagnetic-shielding
susceptibility and the penetration depth, we fabricated Ba_1_xBiO_3(BKBO) thin
films and measured the energy gap by tunnel effect and shielding
susceptibilities which are compared with those measureed for BKBO and YBCO
single crystals. The shielding susceptibilities for BKBO and YBCO single
crystals well-fit \chi(T)/\chi(0)=1-exp(-2\triangle(T)/k_BT), while that for
the BKBO film follows \chi(T)/\chi(0)=1-T/T_c) which may not be intrinsic. The
exponential decrease of the susceptibilities near T_c indicates that the
conduction mechanism is hopping. The energy gaps are observed as
2\triangle(0)=(3.5+-0.1)k_BT_c for the BKBO film by the tunnel effect,
2\triangle(0)=(3.9+-0.1)k_BT_c for the BKBO single crystal, and
2\triangle(0)=(8+-0.2)k_BT_c for the YBCO single crystal. Furthermore, for
microwave device applications of superconductors, at T_c-T<<T_c, the surface
resistance R_s(T) is derived from the surface impedance at \omega\tau_(tr)<<1,
where \sigma_s(0) and \sigma_n are the conductivities of the superconducting
state and the normal state, respectively, and
f(T)=\chi(T)/\chi(0)=1-exp(-2\tringle(T)/k_BT).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4636 </DOCNO>
Phase Bubbles and Spatiotemporal Chaos in Granular Patterns


  We use inelastic hard sphere molecular dynamics simulations and laboratory
experiments to study patterns in vertically oscillated granular layers. The
simulations and experiments reveal that {\em phase bubbles} spontaneously
nucleate in the patterns when the container acceleration amplitude exceeds a
critical value, about $7g$, where the pattern is approximately hexagonal,
oscillating at one-fourth the driving frequency ($f/4$). A phase bubble is a
localized region that oscillates with a phase opposite (differing by $\pi$) to
that of the surrounding pattern; a localized phase shift is often called an
${\em arching}$ in studies of two-dimensional systems. The simulations show
that the formation of phase bubbles is triggered by undulation at the bottom of
the layer on a large length scale compared to the wavelength of the pattern.
Once formed, a phase bubble shrinks as if it had a surface tension, and
disappears in tens to hundreds of cycles. We find that there is an oscillatory
momentum transfer across a kink, and this shrinking is caused by a net
collisional momentum inward across the boundary enclosing the bubble. At
increasing acceleration amplitudes, the patterns evolve into randomly moving
labyrinthian kinks (spatiotemporal chaos). We observe in the simulations that
$f/3$ and $f/6$ subharmonic patterns emerge as primary instabilities, but that
they are unstable to the undulation of the layer. Our experiments confirm the
existence of transient $f/3$ and $f/6$ patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124627 </DOCNO>
Infrared Observations and Modeling of one of the Coolest T Dwarfs, Gl


  We have obtained a good quality R$\sim$400 0.8-2.5 $\mu$m spectrum and
accurate photometry of Gl 570D, one of the coolest and least luminous brown
dwarfs currently known. The spectrum shows that Gl 570D has deeper absorptions
in the strong water and methane bands at 1.12-1.17 $\mu$m, 1.33-1.45 $\mu$m,
1.62-1.88 $\mu$m, and 2.20-2.45 $\mu$m and is both bluer at J-K and redder at
$K-L^{\prime}$ than previously observed T dwarfs. Data analysis using model
spectra coupled with knowledge of the well-understood primary implies that for
the same surface gravity, Gl 570D is about 160 K cooler than Gl 229B. For an
age range of 2-5 Gyr Gl 570D has an effective temperature in the range 784-824
K, a log gravity in the range 5.00-5.27 cm s$^{-2}$, and a luminosity in the
range 2.88-2.98 $\times$ 10$^{-6}$ L$_\odot$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148264 </DOCNO>
On non-commutative N=2 super Yang-Mills


  We discuss the Seiberg-Witten solution of the non-commutative
 N=2 U(N) SYM model. The solution is described in terms of the ordinary
Seiberg-Witten curve of the SU(N) theory plus an additional free U(1). Hence,
at the two-derivative approximation the theory flows to the ordinary
commutative theory in the infra-red (k<1/sqrt(theta)). In particular, the
center U(1) is free and it decouples from the other U(1)'s. In addition, no
UV/IR mixing is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126546 </DOCNO>
The mass donor of Scorpius X-1 revealed


  We present the first detection of the mass donor star in the prototype X-ray
binary Scorpius X-1. Phase resolved spectroscopy revealed narrow emission lines
components from the irradiated secondary star. Radial velocity fits to the
Bowen blend emission are used to establish an absolute orbital ephemeris and
derive an accurate value for the systemic velocity; gamma= -113.8 +/- 0.6 km/s.
Emission from the irradiated front side of the secondary leads to solid limits
to the radial velocity of the mass donor of 87 < K_2 < 148 km/s. In conjunction
with an upper limit to the velocity of the primary K_1 < 53 km/s, we derive a
firm limit on the mass ratio of Sco X-1 of q < 0.61. % A likely set of system
parameters satisfying the various constraints as well as the recent inclination
estimate by Fomalont et al. (2001) is K_1=40 km/s, K_2=133 km/s, q=0.30
corresponding to component masses of M_1=1.4M_sun, M_2=0.42 M_sun for an
orbital inclination of 38 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76974 </DOCNO>
Probing CPT violation with atmospheric neutrinos


  We investigate the recently suggested scheme of independent mass matrices for
neutrinos and antineutrinos. Such a CPT violating scheme is able to account for
all neutrino data with the three known flavors. For atmospheric neutrinos this
means that it is possible to have different mass squared differences driving
the oscillation for neutrinos and antineutrinos. We analyze the atmospheric and
K2K data within the simplest scheme of two neutrino oscillation, neglecting
electron neutrino oscillation. We find that the preferred region is close to
the CPT conserving mass spectra. However the spectra with the antineutrino mass
squared difference about or larger than 0.1 eV^2 and the neutrino mass squared
difference about 2 \times 10^{-3} eV^2 is not significantly disfavored. In this
parameter region the atmospheric data are independent of the antineutrino mass
squared difference. Therefore no useful constraint can be put on CPT violation
effects contributing to different masses for the neutrinos and antineutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168912 </DOCNO>
Optical quantum computer based on RDS crystal


  We have proposed the construction of optical quantum computer (OQC) on
regular domain structure (RDS) crystal. By using RDS crystal, we can perform
all the logical operations on one RDS crystal. Moreover, RDS crystals are
parctically independent to the heating effects i.e., can perform logic
operations constantly without cooling the RDS crystal. Also, we have proposed
the quantum parallelsim i.e., parallel coherent laser beams are injected at the
input of the RDS crystals. By using the RDS crystal we can perform the reduce
the requirements of the linear and nonlinear optical components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123945 </DOCNO>
A Compton Up-scattering Model for Soft Lags in the Lower Kilohertz QPO


  An empirical Compton up-scattering model is described which reproduces both
the fractional amplitude (RMS) vs. energy and the soft time lags in the 830 Hz
QPO observed in 4U1608-52 on Mar. 3, 1996. A combination of two coherent
variations in the coronal and soft photon temperatures (with their relative
contributions determined by enforcing energy conservation) gives rise to the
QPO's energy dependent characteristics. All input parameters to the model, save
a characteristic plasma size and the fraction of Comptonized photons impinging
on the soft photon source, are derived from the time-averaged photon energy
spectrum of the same observation. Fits to the fractional RMS and phase lag data
for this kilohertz QPO imply that the spatial extent of the plasma is in the
range from 4 to 15 km.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40729 </DOCNO>
The D0 Detector Upgrade and Physics Program


  The D0 detector at Fermilab is in the final stages of an extensive upgrade.
It is designed to meet the demands imposed by high luminosity Tevatron running
planned to begin March 2001. The design and performance of the detector
subsystems are described and a brief outline of the physics potential is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1242 </DOCNO>
Effects of Vortex Pinning and Thermal Fluctuations on the Josephson


  Infrared spectroscopy has been used to investigate the temperature dependence
and c-axis magnetic field dependence of the Josephson plasma resonance in
optimally doped Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 thin films, and underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.5 ortho - II
single crystals. The resonances are directly related to the c-axis penetration
depths, yielding low temperature, zero fields values of about 20 micrometer,
and 7 micrometer respectively. While the temperature dependencies of the
resonances in the two compounds are very similar, the magnetic field dependence
in YBCO is much weaker. We attribute this weak magnetic field dependence to the
lower anisotropy of YBCO, and discuss the observed behaviours in terms of
thermal fluctuations and pinning of pancake vortices, valid for highly
anisotropic layered superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168334 </DOCNO>
Quantum computation by quantum-like systems


  Using a quantumlike description for light propagation in nonhomogeneous
optical fibers, quantum information processing can be implemented by optical
means. Quantum-like bits (qulbits) are associated to light modes in the optical
fiber and quantum gates to segments of the fiber providing an unitary
transformation of the mode structure along a space direction. Simulation of
nonlinear quantum effects is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75043 </DOCNO>
Instantons in QCD: Theory and Application of the Instanton Liquid Model


  Numerical and anaytical studies of the instanton liquid model have allowed
the determination of many hadronic parameters during the last 13 years. Most
part of this thesis is devoted to the extension of the analytical methods. The
meson correlation (polarization) functions are calculated in the instanton
liquid model including dynamical quark loops. The correlators are plotted and
masses and couplings of the $\sigma$, $\rho$, $\omega$, $a1$ and $f1$ are
obtained from a spectral fit. A separated analysis allows the determination of
the $\eta'$ mass too. The results agree with the experimental values on a 10%
level. Further I give some predictions for the proton form factors, which are
related to the proton spin (problem). A gauge invariant gluon mass for small
momenta is also calculated. At the end of the work some predictions are given,
which do not rely on the instanton liquid model. A gauge invariant quark
propagator is calculated in the one instanton background and is compared to the
regular and singular propagator. An introduction to the skill of choosing a
suitable gauge, especially a criterium for choosing regular or singular gauge,
is given. An application is the derivation of a finite relation betweewn the
quark condensate and the QCD scale $\Lambda$, where neither an infrared cutoff
nor a specific instanton model has been used. In general the instanton liquid
model exhibits an astonishing internal consistency and a good agreement with
the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127808 </DOCNO>
FLASH redshift survey - I. Observations and Catalogue


  The FLAIR Shapley-Hydra (FLASH) redshift survey catalogue consists of 4613
galaxies brighter than $\bJ = 16.7$ (corrected for Galactic extinction) over a
605 sq. degree region of sky in the general direction of the Local Group
motion. The survey region is an approximately $60\degr \times 10\degr$ strip
spanning the sky from the Shapley Supercluster to the Hydra cluster, and
contains 3141 galaxies with measured redshifts. Designed to explore the effect
of the galaxy concentrations in this direction (in particular the Supergalactic
plane and the Shapley Supercluster) upon the Local Group motion, the 68%
completeness allows us to sample the large-scale structure better than similar
sparsely-sampled surveys. The survey region does not overlap with the areas
covered by ongoing wide-angle (Sloan or 2dF) complete redshift surveys. In this
paper, the first in a series, we describe the observation and data reduction
procedures, the analysis for the redshift errors and survey completeness, and
present the survey data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3140 </DOCNO>
Percolative Model for Nanoscale Phase Separation in High Temperature


  The nature of the phase diagrams of HTSC is clarified by discussing two kinds
of phase diagrams, that of the host crystalline lattice, and that of the dopant
glass. The latter is associated with changes in the electronic properties,
while the former is much more accessible to direct experimental identification,
by diffraction, of nanoscale phase separation. Careful examination of
electronic properties in both the normal and superconductive states reveals
that there are several electronic miscibility gaps in YBa2Cu3Ox and
La2-xSrxCuO4 that have been previously overlooked. Recent experiments on the
pseudogap in Bi2Sr1.6La0.4CuOy also reveal an electronic miscibility gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1987 </DOCNO>
Two-domains bulklike Fermi surface of Ag films deposited onto


  Thick metallic silver films have been deposited onto Si(111)-(7x7) substrates
at room temperature. Their electronic properties have been studied by using
angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). In addition to the
electronic band dispersion along the high-symmetry directions, the Fermi
surface topology of the grown films has been investigated. Using ARPES, the
spectral weight distribution at the Fermi level throughout large portions of
the reciprocal space has been determined at particular perpendicular
electron-momentum values. Systematically, the contours of the Fermi surface of
these films reflected a sixfold symmetry instead of the threefold symmetry of
Ag single crystal. This loss of symmetry has been attributed to the fact that
these films appear to be composed by two sets of domains rotated 60$^o$ from
each other. Extra, photoemission features at the Fermi level were also
detected, which have been attributed to the presence of surface states and
\textit{sp}-quantum states. The dimensionality of the Fermi surface of these
films has been analyzed studying the dependence of the Fermi surface contours
with the incident photon energy. The behavior of these contours measured at
particular points along the Ag $\Gamma$L high-symmetry direction puts forward
the three-dimensional character of the electronic structure of the films
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149100 </DOCNO>
Resolved Branes and M-theory on Special Holonomy Spaces


  We review the construction of regular p-brane solutions of M-theory and
string theory with less than maximal supersymmetry whose transverse spaces have
metrics with special holonomy, and where additional fluxes allow brane
resolutions via transgression terms. We focus on the properties of resolved
M2-branes and fractional D2-branes, whose transverse spaces are Ricci flat
eight-dimensional and seven-dimensional spaces of special holonomy. We also
review fractional M2-branes with transverse spaces corresponding to the new
two-parameter Spin(7) holonomy metrics, and their connection to fractional
D2-branes with transverse spaces of G_2 holonomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73921 </DOCNO>
Light meson masses and mixings


  I present a simple discussion of the masses and mixings of the light
pseudoscalar and vector mesons based on a ``$q\bar{q}$'' description of the
effective field theory. The analysis includes $\eta'$(958) from the beginning,
and is largely concerned with structural questions. While the final results are
mostly known, the method gives insight into the general form of the meson mass
matrices and the different character of the mass splittings and mixings in the
pseudoscalar and vector multiplets, and provides a coherent overall picture

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128578 </DOCNO>
The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect and Its Cosmological Significance


  Comptonization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation by hot gas
in clusters of galaxies - the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (S-Z) effect - is of great
astrophysical and cosmological significance. In recent years observations of
the effect have improved tremendously; high signal-to-noise images of the
effect (at low microwave frequencies) can now be obtained by ground-based
interferometric arrays. In the near future, high frequency measurements of the
effect will be made with bolomateric arrays during long duration balloon
flights. Towards the end of the decade the PLANCK satellite will extensive S-Z
surveys over a wide frequency range. Along with the improved observational
capabilities, the theoretical description of the effect and its more precise
use as a probe have been considerably advanced. I review the current status of
theoretical and observational work on the effect, and the main results from its
use as a cosmological probe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126519 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-Ray Observatory Observation of the High-Redshift Cluster MS


  We observed MS 1054-0321, the highest redshift cluster of galaxies in the
Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS), with the Chandra ACIS-S detector. We
find the X-ray temperature of the cluster to be 10.4 +1.7 -1.5 keV, lower than,
but statistically consistent with, the temperature inferred previously. This
temperature agrees well with the observed velocity dispersion and that found
from weak lensing. We are also able to make the first positive identification
of an iron line in this cluster and find a value of 0.26 +/- 0.15 for the
abundance relative to solar, consistent with early enrichment of the ICM. We
confirm significant substructure in the form of two distinct clumps in the
X-ray distribution. The eastern clump seems to coincide with the main cluster
component. It has a temperature of 10.5 +3.4 -2.1 keV, approximately the same
as the average spectral temperature for the whole cluster. The western clump is
cooler, with a temperature of 6.7 +1.7 -1.2 and may be a subgroup falling into
the cluster. Though the presence of substructure indicates that this cluster is
not fully relaxed, cluster simulations suggest that we will underestimate the
mass, and we can, therefore, use the mass to constrain Omega_m. From the
overall cluster X-ray temperature we find the virial mass of the cluster to be
at least 4.5 x 10^14 h^{-1} M_{\odot}. We revisit the cosmological implications
of the existence of such a hot, massive cluster at a relatively early epoch.
Despite the lower temperature, we still find that the existence of this cluster
constrains Omega_m to be less than one. If Omega_m = 1 and assuming Gaussian
initial perturbations, we find the probability of observing MS 1054 in the EMSS
is ~7 x 10^{-4}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179537 </DOCNO>
Optical Potentials in Kaonic Atoms


  A microscopic optical potential based on a chiral model is used as a starting
point for studying kaonic atoms levels. We add to this potential a
phenomenological part fitted to the experimentally known shifts and widths of
kaonic levels. This fitted potential is used to predict deeply bound atomic
levels, as well as nuclear levels. Comparison with the predictions of other
optical models found in the literature is done. Also the effects on the kaonic
atoms levels of certain known non-local contributions to the optical potential
are also analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1643 </DOCNO>
Growth Shape of Isotactic Polystyrene Crystals in Thin Films


  The crystal growth of isotactic polystyrene (it-PS) is investigated in very
thin, 11 nm thick films. The it-PS crystals grown in the thin films show quite
different morphology from that in the bulk. With decreasing crystallization
temperature, the branching morphology in a diffusion field appears: dendrite
and compact seaweed.
 The branching morphology is formed through a morphological instability caused
by the gradient of film thickness around a crystal; the thicker the film
thickness, the larger the lateral growth rate of crystals. Regardless of the
morphological change, the growth rate as well as the lamellar thickness depends
on crystallization temperature as predicted by the surface kinetics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73934 </DOCNO>
Visible Branes with Negative Tension in Heterotic M-Theory


  It is shown that there exist large classes of BPS vacua in heterotic M-theory
which have negative tension on the visible orbifold plane, positive tension on
the hidden plane and positive tension, physical five-branes in the bulk space.
Explicit examples of such vacua are presented. Furthermore, it is demonstrated
that the ratio, beta/|alpha|, of the bulk five-brane tension to the visible
plane tension can, for several large classes of such vacua, be made arbitrarily
small. Hence, it is straightforward to find vacua with the properties required
in the examples of the Ekpyrotic theory of cosmology - a visible brane with
negative tension and beta/|alpha| small. This contradicts recent claims in the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124710 </DOCNO>
Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft gamma-ray Repeaters: Spectral Fits and


  The energy source powering the X-ray emission from anomalous X-ray pulsars
(AXPs) and soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) is still uncertain. In one scenario,
the presence of an ultramagnetized neutron star, or ``magnetar'', with B on the
order of 10^{14} - 10^{15} G is invoked. To investigate this hypothesis, we
have analyzed archival ASCA data for several known AXPs and SGRs, and fitted
them with a model in which all or part of the X-ray flux originates as thermal
emission from a magnetar. Our magnetar spectral model includes the effects of
the anisotropy of the heat flow through an ultramagnetized neutron star
envelope, reprocessing by a light element atmosphere, and general relativistic
corrections to the observed spectrum. We obtain good fits to the data with
radii for the emitting areas which are generally consistent with those expected
for neutron stars, in contrast to blackbody (BB) fits, which imply much smaller
radii. Furthermore, the inclusion of atmospheric effects results in inferred
temperatures which are lower than those implied by BB fits, but however still
too high to be accounted by thermal cooling alone. An extra source of heating
(possibly due to magnetic field decay) is needed. Despite the harder tail in
the spectrum produced by reprocessing of the outgoing flux through the
atmosphere, spectral fits still require a considerable fraction of the flux to
be in a power-law component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76505 </DOCNO>
Colour Reconnection at LEPII


  The preliminary results on the search of colour reconnection effects (CR)
from the four experiments at LEP, Aleph, Delphi, L3 and Opal, are reviewed.
Extreme models are excluded by studies of standard variables, and on going
studies of a method first suggested by L3, the particle flow method, are yet
inconclusive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76963 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theories from Dp-branes


  In this talk we discuss the need to introduce a string theory in order to
obtain a consistent quantum theory of gravity unified with gauge interactions.
We then discuss some basic properties of string theory and the origin and the
properties of the D(irichlet)-branes. Finally we use them for discussing the
Maldacena conjecture and its extension to non-conformal and less supersymmetric
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168967 </DOCNO>
Local Realistic Model for Two-Particle Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Pairs


  A local realistic model for quantum mechanics of two-particle
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs is proposed. In this model, it is the strict
obedience of conservation laws in each event at the quantum level that uphold
the perfect correlation of two spatially-separated particles, instead of
nonlocality in the orthodox formulation of quantum mechanics. Therefore, one
can conclude that all components of the spin of two particles, and the position
and momentum of a particle can be measured simultaneously. The proposed model
yields the same statistical prediction on an ensemble of individual particles
as the orthodox formulation does. This suggests that the wave function is not a
complete description of individual particle as assumed in the orthodox
formulation, but only a statistical description of an ensemble of particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2196 </DOCNO>
Exact bounds on the critical frustration in the Shastry-Sutherland Model


  We discuss the phase diagram of the Shastry-Sutherland model for arbitrary
spin S and derive rigorous lower and upper bounds on the phase boundaries of
the dimer phase by using various versions of a variational ansatz in
combination with the exact diagonalisation method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125601 </DOCNO>
Spectral Line Imaging Observations of 1E0102.2-7219


  E0102-72 is the second brightest X-ray source in the Small Magellanic Cloud
and the brightest supernova remnant in the SMC. We observed this SNR for ~140
ksec with the High Energy Transmission Gratings (HETG) aboard the Chandra X-ray
Observatory. The small angular size and high surface brightness make this an
excellent target for HETG and we resolve the remnant into individual lines. We
observe fluxes from several lines which include O VIII Ly$\alpha$, Ly$\beta$,
and O VII along with several lines from Ne X, Ne IX and Mg XII. These line
ratios provide powerful constraints on the electron temperature and the
ionization age of the remnant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76720 </DOCNO>
Traces of the tricritical point on the QCD phase diagram


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127034 </DOCNO>
Clustering Properties of Galaxies at z~4 in the Subaru/XMM Deep Survey


  We study the clustering properties of about 1200 z~4 Lyman Break Galaxy (LBG)
candidates with i'<26 which are selected by color from deep BRi' imaging data
of a 618 arcmin^2 area in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field taken with Subaru
Prime Focus Camera. The contamination and completeness of our LBG sample are
evaluated, on the basis of the Hubble Deep Field North (HDFN) objects, to be
17% and 45%, respectively. We derive the angular correlation function over
theta = 2''-1000'', and find that it is fitted fairly well by a power law,
omega(theta)=A_omega theta^{-0.8}, with A_omega = 0.71 +/- 0.26. We then
calculate the correlation length r0 (in comoving units) of the two-point
spatial correlation function xi(r) = (r/r0)^{-1.8} from A_omega using the
redshift distribution of LBGs derived from the HDFN, and find r0=2.7
(+0.5/-0.6) h^{-1} Mpc in a Lambda-dominated universe (Omega_m=0.3 and
Omega_Lambda=0.7). This is twice larger than the correlation length of the dark
matter at z~4 predicted from an analytic model by Peacock & Dodds but about
twice smaller than that of bright galaxies predicted by a semi-analytic model
of Baugh et al. We find an excess of omega(theta) on small scales (theta < 5'')
departing from the power law fit over 3 sigma significance levels. Interpreting
this as due to galaxy mergers, we estimate the fraction of galaxies undergoing
mergers in our LBG sample to be 3.0 +/- 0.9%, which is significantly smaller
than those of galaxies at intermediate redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168817 </DOCNO>
Explicitly solvable cases of one-dimensional quantum chaos


  We identify a set of quantum graphs with unique and precisely defined
spectral properties called {\it regular quantum graphs}. Although chaotic in
their classical limit with positive topological entropy, regular quantum graphs
are explicitly solvable. The proof is constructive: we present exact periodic
orbit expansions for individual energy levels, thus obtaining an analytical
solution for the spectrum of regular quantum graphs that is complete, explicit
and exact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98748 </DOCNO>
A Prime Orbit Theorem for Self-Similar Flows and Diophantine


  Assuming some regularity of the dynamical zeta function, we establish an
explicit formula with an error term for the prime orbit counting function of a
suspended flow. We define the subclass of self-similar flows, for which we give
an extensive analysis of the error term in the corresponding prime orbit
theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5343 </DOCNO>
Distribution of spectral weight in a system with disordered stripes


  The ``band-structure'' of a disordered stripe array is computed and compared,
at a qualitative level, to angle resolved photoemission experiments on the
cuprate high temperature superconductors. The low-energy states are found to be
strongly localized transverse to the stripe direction, so the electron dynamics
is strictly one-dimensional (along the stripe). Despite this, aspects of the
two dimensional band-structure Fermi surface are still vividly apparent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6286 </DOCNO>
Dimensional crossover and driven interfaces in disordered ferromagnets


  We study the depinning transition of driven interfaces in thin ferromagnetic
films driven by external magnetic fields. Approaching the transition point the
correlation length increases with decreasing driving. If the correlation length
becomes of the order of the film thickness a crossover to two dimensional
behavior occurs. From the corresponding scaling analysis we determine the
exponents characterizing the transition of the three dimensional system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129691 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Parameters


  This article briefly summarizes the increasingly precise observational
estimates of the cosmological parameters. After three years on the stump, the
Lambda-CDM model is still the leading candidate. Although the Universe is
expanding, our picture of it is coming together.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125250 </DOCNO>
Jet Formation from Rotating Magnetized Objects


  Jet formation is connected most probably with matter acceleration from the
vicinity of rotating magnetized bodies. It is usually related to the mass
outflows and ejection from accretion disks around black holes. Problem of jet
collimation is discussed. Collapse of a rotating magnetized body during star
formation or supernovae explosion may lead to a jet-like mass ejection for
certain angular velocity and magnetic field distributions at the beginning of
the collapse. Jet formation during magnetorotational explosion is discussed
basing on the numerical simulation of collapse of magnetized bodied with
quasi-dipole field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168463 </DOCNO>
Characteristic decay of the autocorrelation functions prescribed by the


  The wave functions, the autocorrelation functions of which decay faster than
$t^{-2}$, for both the one-dimensional free particle system and the
repulsive-potential system are examined. It is then shown that such wave
functions constitute a dense subset of $L^2 ({\bf R}^1)$, under several
conditions that are particularly satisfied by the square barrier potential
system. It implies that the faster than $t^{-2}$-decay character of the
autocorrelation function persists against the perturbation of potential. It is
also seen that the denseness of the above subset is guaranteed by that of the
domain of the Aharonov-Bohm time operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169038 </DOCNO>
Quantum, classical and semiclassical analyses of photon statistics in


  In this review, we compare different descriptions of photon-number statistics
in harmonic generation processes within quantum, classical and semiclassical
approaches. First, we study the exact quantum evolution of the harmonic
generation by applying numerical methods including those of Hamiltonian
diagonalization and global characteristics. We show explicitly that the
harmonic generations can indeed serve as a source of nonclassical light. Then,
we demonstrate that the quasi-stationary sub-Poissonian light can be generated
in these quantum processes under conditions corresponding to the so-called
no-energy-transfer regime known in classical nonlinear optics. By applying
method of classical trajectories, we demonstrate that the analytical
predictions of the Fano factors are in good agreement with the quantum results.
On comparing second and higher harmonic generations in the no-energy-transfer
regime, we show that the highest noise reduction is achieved in third-harmonic
generation with the Fano-factor of the third harmonic equal to 13/16.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128733 </DOCNO>
Accelerating Universe, Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy


  We present a space-velocity theory of gravitation in a 4-dimensional curved
space. The solutions of the field equations yield 3 possibilities for the
universe expansion but only the accelerating one is possible. Although the
theory has no cosmological constant, we exract from it its equivalent value
which is shown to be in agreement with measurements. No pressure is used in the
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113506 </DOCNO>
String Theory: An Evaluation


  A polemical article evaluating string theory from the point of view of a
quantum field theorist working in a mathematics department. Comments to the
author are encouraged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96714 </DOCNO>
Some title containing the words "homotopy" and "symplectic", e.g. this


  Using a basic idea of Sullivan's rational homotopy theory, one can see a Lie
groupoid as the fundamental groupoid of its Lie algebroid. This paper studies
analogues of Lie algebroids with non-trivial higher homotopy. Using various
homotopy classes one can obtain e.g. central extensions of loop groups, or one
can integrate a Lie biagebroid to a double symplectic groupoid. When combined
with symplectic geometry, this idea leads to an infinite sequence of notions,
starting with sympectic manifolds, Poisson manifolds and Courant algebroids.
They are interrelated with higher-dimensional variational problems, and one can
use them to define higher-dimensional Hamiltonian mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 810 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on "Theory of Hall Effect and Electrical Transport in


  This is a reply to the comment by O. Narikiyo (cond-mat/0012505) on our paper
J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. {\bf 68}, (1999) 1614. We point out mistakes about his
arguments, and we show that our analysis is compatible with the established
Fermi liquid theory, so the obtained result is justified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76393 </DOCNO>
On the Experimental Effects of the Off-shell Structure in Anomalous


  We discuss differences between on-shell and off-shell treatments in the
search for anomalous neutral triple gauge couplings in $\mathrm{e^+ e^-}$
collisions. We find that the usual on-shell framework represents an optimal
starting point, covering all scenarios in which a reasonable experimental
sensitivity is expected. We show that off-shell effects lead to negligible
deviations at the experimental level, provided that $\mathrm{e^+
e^-}\to\mathrm{f}\bar{\mathrm{f}}\gamma$ and $\mathrm{e^+ e^-}\to\mathr
performed in regions where
$\mathrm{Z}^*\to\mathrm{f}\bar{\mathrm{f}},\mathrm{f^\prime}\math production is
dominant. For consistency reasons, we advocate the use of a natural extension
of the on-shell definitions, which takes into account the correct off-shell
dependences. Contrary to what has been recently suggested in the literature, we
find that no $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ constraints among neutral triple gauge
couplings can be imposed in a general case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4678 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation-driven dynamics of the Internet topology


  We study the dynamics of the Internet topology based on the empirical data on
the level of the autonomous systems. It is found that the fluctuations
occurring in the stochastic process of connecting and disconnecting edges are
important features of the Internet dynamics. The network's overall growth can
be described approximately by a single characteristic degree growth rate
$g_{\rm eff} \approx 0.016$ and the fluctuation strength $\sigma_{\rm eff}
\approx 0.14$, together with the vertex growth rate $\alpha \approx 0.029$. A
stochastic model which incorporate these values and an adaptation rule newly
introduced reproduces several features of the real Internet topology such as
the correlations between the degrees of different vertices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86252 </DOCNO>
Particles on a Circle in Canonical Lineal Gravity


  A description of the canonical formulation of lineal gravity minimally
coupled to N point particles in a circular topology is given. The Hamiltonian
is found to be equal to the time-rate of change of the extrinsic curvature
multiplied by the proper circumference of the circle. Exact solutions for pure
gravity and for gravity coupled to a single particle are obtained. The presence
of a single particle significantly modifies the spacetime evolution by either
slowing down or reversing the cosmological expansion of the circle, depending
upon the choice of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123467 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Feature in the RXTE


  We have discovered a ~29 keV Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Feature (CRSF) in
the X-Ray spectrum of 4U 0352+309 (X Per) using observations taken with the
Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. 4U 0352+309 is a persistent low luminosity (L_x =
4.2x10^34 ergs/s) X-ray pulsar, with a 837 s period and which accretes material
from the Be star X Per. The X-Ray spectrum, unusual when compared to brighter
accreting pulsars, may be due to the low mass accretion rate and could be
typical of the new class of persistent low luminosity Be/X-Ray binary pulsars.
We attempted spectral fits with continuum models used historically for 4U
0352+309, and found that all were improved by the addition of a CRSF at ~29
keV. The model that best fit the observations is a combination of a 1.45+/-0.02
keV blackbody with a 5.4x10^8 cm^2 area, and a power-law with a 1.83+/-0.03
photon index modified by the CRSF. In these fits the CRSF energy is
28.6+1.5-1.7 keV, implying a magnetic field strength of 2.5(1+z)x10^12 G in the
scattering region (where z is the gravitational redshift). Phase resolved
analysis shows that the blackbody and cyclotron line energies are consistent
with being constant through the pulse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2685 </DOCNO>
Time-resolved ferromagnetic resonance in epitaxial Fe1-xCox films


  Magnetodynamics in epitaxial Fe1-xCox films on GaAs (100) are studied using
time-resolved ferromagnetic resonance, in which the free precession of the
magnetization after an impulsive excitation is measured using the polar Kerr
effect. The sample is rotated with respect to the static and pulsed field
directions, providing a complete mapping of the free energy surface and
characteristic relaxation times. The magnetic response can be simulated with a
simple coherent rotation model except in the immediate vicinity of switching
fields. Bulk and surface anisotropies are identified, and unusual dynamics
associated with the coexistence of cubic and uniaxial anisotropies are
observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72999 </DOCNO>
Making Neutrinos Massive with an Axion in Supersymmetry


  The minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) of particle interactions is
extended to include three singlet (right-handed) neutrino superfields together
with three other singlet superfields. The resulting theory is assumed to be
invariant under an anomalous global U(1) (Peccei-Quinn) symmetry with one
fundamental mass $m_2$. The soft breaking of supersymmetry at the TeV scale is
shown to generate an axion scale $f_a$ of order $m_2$. Neutrino masses are
generated by $f_a$ according to the usual seesaw mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124813 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts at Low Redshift


  Long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are at cosmological distance, they
appear to be located near star forming regions, and are likely associated with
some type of supernovae. They are also likely to be strongly beamed, which
lowers their energetics by several orders of magnitude, and increases their
rate by the same factor. Therefore, it is likely that one out of 100 - 1000
core collapse supernovae generates ultra-relativistic jets, which beam
gamma-rays and all other early emission into two narrow cones. After a year, or
so, the jets are decelerated and become non-relativistic, and their emission
becomes more or less isotropic. At least two GRB: 970508 (z = 0.835) and 980703
(z = 0.966) show strong radio emission from late, and therefore
non-relativistic afterglows. Such events should be readily detectable at low
redshift, say z = 0.03. A search for strong radio emitters among recent nearby
supernovae should be done $ \sim 1 $ year after the explosion. If some of these
explosions generated GRB and their gamma-ray beam missed us, the bipolar
structure of the radio remnant should be resolvable with VLBA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83768 </DOCNO>
Fermionic Linear Optics and Matchgates


  Fermionic linear optics is efficiently classically simulatable. Here it is
shown that the set of states achievable with fermionic linear optics and
particle measurements is the closure of a low dimensional Lie group. The
weakness of fermionic linear optics and measurements can therefore be explained
and contrasted with the strength of bosonic linear optics with particle
measurements. An analysis of fermionic linear optics is used to show that the
two-qubit matchgates and the simulatable matchcircuits introduced by Valiant
generate a monoid of extended fermionic linear optics operators. A useful
interpretation of efficient classical simulations such as this one is as a
simulation of a model of non-deterministic quantum computation. Problem areas
for future investigations are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 927 </DOCNO>
8 levels of harmony and 8 concepts of Complex Systems


  A set of general physical principles is proposed as the structural basis for
the theory of complex systems. First the concept of harmony is analyzed and its
different aspects are uncovered. Then the concept of reflection is defined and
illustrated by suggestive examples. Later we propose the principle of (random)
projection of symmetrically expanded prereality as the main description method
of complex systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149023 </DOCNO>
Higher-Derivative Corrections to the Non-Abelian Born-Infeld Action


  We determine higher-derivative terms in the open superstring effective action
with U(N) gauge group up to and including order alpha'^4 as can be extracted
from 4 boson, 2 boson - 2 fermion and 4 fermion string scattering amplitudes.
This yields corrections to the non-abelian Born-Infeld action involving higher
derivatives as is relevant for studying D-branes beyond the slowly varying
field approximation. While at order alpha'^2 the action has recently been shown
to be a symmetrised trace, this no longer is true at order alpha'^3 or
alpha'^4. We argue that these terms including higher derivatives are as
important in a low-energy expansion as e.g. the much-discussed alpha'^4 F^6
terms. In particular a computation of the fluctuation spectra at order alpha'^4
has to take into account these non-symmetrised trace higher-derivative terms
computed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3886 </DOCNO>
Scenario of strongly non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation


  Large scale numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation are used
to elucidate the self-evolution of a Bose gas from a strongly non-equilibrium
initial state. The stages of the process confirm and refine the theoretical
scenario of Bose-Einstein condensation developed by Svistunov, Kagan, and
Shlyapnikov [1-3]: the system evolves from the regime of weak turbulence to
superfluid turbulence, via states of strong turbulence in the long-wavelength
region of energy space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5759 </DOCNO>
Nonadiabatic Superconductivity and Vertex Corrections in Uncorrelated


  We investigate the issue of the nonadiabatic superconductivity in
uncorrelated systems. A local approximation is employed coherently with the
weak dependence on the involved momenta. Our results show that nonadiabatic
vertex corrections are never negligible, but lead to a strong suppression of
$T_c$ with respect to the conventional theory. This feature is understood in
terms of the momentum-frequency dependence of the vertex function. In contrast
to strongly correlated systems, where the small ${\bf q}$-selection probes the
positive part of vertex function, vertex corrections in uncorrelated systems
are essentially negative resulting in an effective reduction of the
superconducting pairing. Our analysis shows that vertex corrections in
nonadiabatic regime can be never disregarded independently of the degree of
electronic correlation in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87063 </DOCNO>
Warped, Anisotropic Wormhole/Soliton Configurations in Vacuum 5D Gravity


  In this paper we apply the anholonomic frames method developed in refs. [1-4]
to construct and study anisotropic vacuum field configurations in 5D gravity.
Starting with an off--diagonal 5D metric, parameterized in terms of several
ansatz functions, we show that using anholonomic frames greatly simplifies the
resulting Einstein field equations. These simplified equations contain an
interesting freedom in that one can chose one of the ansatz functions and then
determine the remaining ansatz functions in terms of this choice. As examples
we take one of the ansatz functions to be a solitonic solution of either the
Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation or the sine-Gordon equation. There are several
interesting physical consequences of these solutions. First, a certain subclass
of the solutions discussed in this paper have an exponential warp factor
similar to that of the Randall-Sundrum model. However, the warp factor depends
on more than just the 5$^{th}$ coordinate. In addition the warp factor arises
from anisotropic vacuum solution rather than from any explicit matter. Second,
the solitonic character of these solutions might allow them to be interpreted
either as gravitational models for particles (i.e. analogous to the ' t
Hooft-Polyakov monopole, but in the context of gravity), or as nonlinear,
anisotropic gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76089 </DOCNO>
Bremsstrahlung Radiation as Coherent State in Thermal QED


  Based on fully finite temperature field theory we investigate the radiation
probability in the bremsstrahlung process in thermal QED. It turns out that the
infrared divergences resulting from the emission and absorption of the real
photons are canceled by the virtual photon exchange processes at finite
temperature. The full quantum calculation results for soft photons radiation
coincide completely with that obtained in the semi-classical approximation. In
the framework of Thermofield Dynamics it is shown that the bremsstrahlung
radiation in thermal QED is a coherent state, the quasiclassical behavior of
the coherent state leads to above coincidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128720 </DOCNO>
X-ray flashes and X-ray rich Gamma Ray Bursts


  X-ray flashes are detected in the Wide Field Cameras on BeppoSAX in the
energy range 2-25 keV as bright X-ray sources lasting of the order of minutes,
but remaining undetected in the Gamma Ray Bursts Monitor on BeppoSAX. They have
properties very similar to the x-ray counterparts of GRBs and account for some
of the Fast X-ray Transient events seen in almost every x-ray satellite. We
review their X-ray properties and show that x-ray flashes are in fact very
soft, x-ray rich, untriggered gamma ray bursts, in which the peak energy in
2-10 keV x-rays could be up to a factor of 100 larger than the peak energy in
the 50-300 keV gamma ray range. The frequency is ~100 per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124907 </DOCNO>
The impact of bars on the mid-infrared dust emission of spiral galaxies:


  We study the mid-infrared properties of a sample of 69 nearby spiral
galaxies, selected to avoid Seyfert activity contributing a significant
fraction of the central energetics, or strong tidal interaction, and to have
normal infrared luminosities. These observations were obtained with ISOCAM,
which provides an angular resolution of the order of 10 arcsec (half-power
diameter of the point spread function) and low-resolution spectro-imaging
information. Between 5 and 18 microns, we mainly observe two dust phases,
aromatic infrared bands and very small grains, both out of thermal equilibrium.
On this sample, we show that the global F15/F7 colors of galaxies are very
uniform, the only increase being found in early-type strongly barred galaxies,
consistent with previous IRAS studies. The F15/F7 excesses are unambiguously
due to galactic central regions where bar-induced starbursts occur. However,
the existence of strongly barred early-type galaxies with normal circumnuclear
colors indicates that the relationship between a distortion of the
gravitational potential and a central starburst is not straightforward. As the
physical processes at work in central regions are in principle identical in
barred and unbarred galaxies, and since this is where the mid-infrared activity
is mainly located, we investigate the mid-infrared circumnuclear properties of
all the galaxies in our sample. We show how surface brightnesses and colors are
related to both the available molecular gas content and the mean age of stellar
populations contributing to dust heating. Therefore, the star formation history
in galactic central regions can be constrained by their position in a
color-surface brightness mid-infrared diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4262 </DOCNO>
Statistical and Dynamical Study of Disease Propagation in a Small World


  We study numerically statistical properties and dynamical disease propagation
using a percolation model on a one dimensional small world network. The
parameters chosen correspond to a realistic network of school age children. We
found that percolation threshold decreases as a power law as the short cut
fluctuations increase. We found also the number of infected sites grows
exponentially with time and its rate depends logarithmically on the density of
susceptibles. This behavior provides an interesting way to estimate the
serology for a given population from the measurement of the disease growing
rate during an epidemic phase. We have also examined the case in which the
infection probability of nearest neighbors is different from that of short
cuts. We found a double diffusion behavior with a slower diffusion between the
characteristic times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77026 </DOCNO>
No First-Order Phase Transition in the Gross-Neveu Model?


  Within a variational calculation we investigate the role of baryons for the
structure of dense matter in the Gross-Neveu model. We construct a trial ground
state at finite baryon density which breaks translational invariance. Its
scalar potential interpolates between widely spaced kinks and antikinks at low
density and the value zero at infinite density. Its energy is lower than the
one of the standard Fermi gas at all densities considered. This suggests that
the discrete gamma_5 symmetry of the Gross-Neveu model does not get restored in
a first order phase transition at finite density, at variance with common
wisdom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128325 </DOCNO>
Frequency dependence of pulsar radiation patterns


  We report on new results from simultaneous, dual frequency, single pulse
observation of PSR B0329+54 using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We find
that the longitude separation of subpulses at two different frequencies (238
and 612 MHz) is less than that for the corresponding components in the average
profile. A similar behaviour has been noticed before in a number of pulsars. We
argue that subpulses are emitted within narrow flux tubes of the dipolar field
lines and that the mean pulsar beam has a conal structure. In such a model the
longitudes of profile components are determined by the intersection of the line
of sight trajectory with subpulse-associated emission beams. Thus, we show that
the difference in the frequency dependence of subpulse and profile component
longitudes is a natural property of the conal model of pulsar emission beam. We
support our conclusions by numerical modelling of pulsar emission, using the
known parameters for this pulsar, which produce results that agree very well
with our dual frequency observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5439 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Coulomb blockade in multi-wall carbon nanotubes


  Carbon nanotubes provide a new class of molecular wires that display new and
exciting mesoscopic transport properties. We provide a detailed theoretical
description for transport in multi-wall nanotubes, where both disorder and
strong interactions are important. The interplay of both aspects leads to a
particularly effective intrinsic Coulomb blockade for tunneling. The relation
to recent experiments is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83548 </DOCNO>
Data Security Equals Graph Connectivity


  To protect sensitive information in a cross tabulated table, it is a common
practice to suppress some of the cells in the table. This paper investigates
four levels of data security of a two-dimensional table concerning the
effectiveness of this practice. These four levels of data security protect the
information contained in, respectively, individual cells, individual rows and
columns, several rows or columns as a whole, and a table as a whole. The paper
presents efficient algorithms and NP-completeness results for testing and
achieving these four levels of data security. All these complexity results are
obtained by means of fundamental equivalences between the four levels of data
security of a table and four types of connectivity of a graph constructed from
that table.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6988 </DOCNO>
Finite-Size Scaling of the Level Compressibility at the Anderson


  We compute the number level variance $\Sigma_{2}$ and the level
compressibility $\chi$ from high precision data for the Anderson model of
localization and show that they can be used in order to estimate the critical
properties at the metal-insulator transition by means of finite-size scaling.
With $N$, $W$, and $L$ denoting, respectively, system size, disorder strength,
and the average number of levels in units of the mean level spacing, we find
that both $\chi(N,W)$ and the integrated $\Sigma_{2}$ obey finite-size scaling.
The high precision data was obtained for an anisotropic three-dimensional
Anderson model with disorder given by a box distribution of width $W/2$. We
compute the critical exponent as $\nu \approx 1.45 \pm 0.12$ and the critical
disorder as $W_{\rm c} \approx 8.59 \pm 0.05$ in agreement with previous
transfer-matrix studies in the anisotropic model. Furthermore, we find
$\chi\approx 0.28 \pm 0.06$ at the metal-insulator transition in very close
agreement with previous results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95827 </DOCNO>
Strictly singular, non-compact operators exist on the space of Gowers


  We construct a strictly singular non-compact operator on Gowers' and Maurey's
space $GM$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96033 </DOCNO>
Nearby cycles for local models of some Shimura varieties


  Kottwitz conjectured a formula for the (semi-simple) trace of Frobenius on
the nearby cycles for the local model of a Shimura variety with Iwahori-type
level structure. In this paper, we prove his conjecture in the linear and
symplectic cases by adapting an argument of Gaitsgory, who proved an analogous
theorem in the equal characteristic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128028 </DOCNO>
A reanalysis of the luminosities of clusters of galaxies in the EMSS


  The X-ray luminosities of the Einstein Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey
(EMSS) clusters of galaxies with redshifts 0.3<z<0.6 are remeasured using ROSAT
PSPC data. It is found that the new luminosities are on average 1.18 +/- 0.08
times higher than previously measured but that this ratio depends strongly on
the X-ray core radii we measure. For the clusters with small core radii, in
general we confirm the EMSS luminosities, but for clusters with core radii >250
kpc (the constant value assumed in the EMSS), the new luminosities are 2.2 +/-
0.15 times the previous measurements. The X-ray luminosity function (XLF) at
0.3<z<0.6 is recalculated and is found to be consistent with the local XLF. The
constraints on the updated properties of the 0.3<z<0.6 EMSS sample, including a
comparison with the number of clusters predicted from local XLFs, indicate that
the space density of luminous, massive clusters has either not evolved or has
increased by a small factor ~2 since z=0.4. The implications of this result are
discussed in terms of constraints on the cosmological parameter Omega_0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98090 </DOCNO>
Regularity on abelian varieties I


  We introduce the notion of Mukai regularity (M-regularity) for coherent
sheaves on abelian varieties. The definition is based on the Fourier-Mukai
transform, and in a special case depending on the choice of a polarization it
parallels and strenghtens the usual Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. Mukai
regularity has a large number of applications, ranging from basic properties of
linear series on abelian varieties and defining equations for their
subvarieties, to higher dimensional type statements and to a study of special
classes of vector bundles. Some of these applications are explained here, while
others make the subject of upcoming papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 186 </DOCNO>
An exact renormalization group approach to frustrated magnets


  Frustrated magnets are a notorious example where usual perturbative methods
fail. Having recourse to an exact renormalization group approach, one gets a
coherent picture of the physics of Heisenberg frustrated magnets everywhere
between d=2 and d=4: all known perturbative results are recovered in a single
framework, their apparent conflict is explained while the description of the
phase transition in d=3 is found to be in good agreement with the experimental
context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96100 </DOCNO>
Verification of the semiclassical method for an electron moving in a


  A procedure based on the semiclassical approximation for high energy levels
is developed to yield solutions to the classical equation of charge motion and
to the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi spin equation. To this end, exact solutions to
the Klein-Gordon and the Dirac-Pauli equations are used. The essence of the
procedure under review is that the quantum state of a charged particle in a
homogeneous magnetic field is represented as a superposition of states
corresponding to the neighboring energy levels. As a consequence, the behavior
of the expectation values of the momentum and spin operators with respect to
the resulting nonstationary wave function (packet) strictly obey the classical
equations of charge motion and spin precession.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76592 </DOCNO>
CMB and Inflation: the report from Snowmass 2001


  Astrophysical observations provide the best evidence of physics beyond the
particle physicists' standard model. Over the past decade, the case has
solidified for inflation, dark energy, dark matter and massive neutrinos. In
this report we focus on inflation and dark energy as constrained by the
CMB--first the evidence from current observations and then what we can expect
to learn in the future. High energy physicists can contribute to the succesful
realization of this future, both observationally and theoretically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125937 </DOCNO>
The XMM-Newton $\Omega$ Project


  The abundance of high-redshift galaxy clusters depends sensitively on the
matter density $\OmM$ and, to a lesser extent, on the cosmological constant
$\Lambda$. Measurements of this abundance therefore constrain these fundamental
cosmological parameters, and in a manner independent and complementary to other
methods, such as observations of the cosmic microwave background and distance
measurements. Cluster abundance is best measured by the X-ray temperature
function, as opposed to luminosity, because temperature and mass are tightly
correlated, as demonstrated by numerical simulations. Taking advantage of the
sensitivity of XMM-Newton, our Guaranteed Time program aims at measuring the
temperature of the highest redshift (z>0.4) SHARC clusters, with the ultimate
goal of constraining both $\OmM$ and $\Lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7550 </DOCNO>
Ferroelectric Ordering in the Relaxor Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 as Evidenced by


  Neutron scattering measurements of the lowest-energy TO phonons in the
relaxor Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) are reported for 10<=T<=750 K. The soft mode,
which is overdamped by the polar nanoregions below the Burns temperature T_d =
620 K, surprisingly recovers below 220 K. The square of the soft mode energy
hw0^2 increases linearly with decreasing temperature, and is consistent with
the behavior of a ferroelectric soft mode. At 10 K, hw0 reaches 11 meV, the
same value observed in ferroelectric Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 at low-T. An unusual
broadening of the TA phonon starts at T_d and disappears at 220 K, coincident
with the recovery of the TO mode. These dynamics suggest that a well-developed
ferroelectric state is established below 220 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128399 </DOCNO>
Magnetic fields in our Galaxy: How much do we know? (II) Halo fields and


  I review the large scale global magnetic field structure of our Galaxy, using
all information available for disk fields, halo fields and magnetic fields near
the Galactic center (GC). In the local disk of our Galaxy, RM and dispersion
measure (DM) data of nearby pulsars yield the strength of regular field as
1.8$\mu$G, with a pitch angle of about $8\degr$, and a bisymmetric spiral
structure. There are at least four, maybe five, field reversals from the Norma
arm to the outskirts of our Galaxy. In the thick disk or Galactic halo, large
scale toroidal magnetic fields, with opposite field directions in the Southern
and Northern Galaxy, have been revealed by the antisymmetric RM sky towards the
inner Galaxy. This signature of the A0 dynamo-mode field structure is
strengthened by the indication of a poloidal field of dipole form, that is the
transition of the RM signs probably shifted from $l\sim0\degr$ to
$l\sim+10\degr$. The local vertical field is probably a part of this dipole
field. The field structure of the A0 dynamo-mode strikingly continues towards
the region near the GC. In short, the magnetic fields in the Galactic disk have
a bisymmetric spiral structure of primordial nature, while in the halo and near
the GC the A0 dynamo seems to dominate, so that the fields consist of toroidal
fields with opposite directions below and above the Galactic plane and poloidal
fields of dipole form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3617 </DOCNO>
The oxidation state at tunnel junction interfaces


  We demonstrate that at the usual 1E-7 torr range of base pressures in the
sputtering chamber, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the existence of a
thin AlOx layer at the Nb/Al interface in both Nb/Al-AlOx/Pb tunnel junctions
and Nb/Al bilayers. This is due to the time elapsed between the deposition of
the Nb and Al bottom layers, even at times as short as 100 s. We also give some
direct evidence of the oxidation of the top Pb electrode on the Nb electrode
surface. Such oxidation probably occurs at the pinholes of the intermediate
Al-AlOx layer of the junctions, as a consequence of the oxidation state at the
Nb/Al interface. We therefore suggest that both the base pressure and the time
lapse between layer depositions should be carefully controlled in magnetic
tunnel junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3211 </DOCNO>
Full Frequency Back-Action Spectrum of a Single Electron Transistor


  We calculate the spectral density of voltage fluctuations in a Single
Electron Transistor (SET), biased to operate in a transport mode where
tunneling events are correlated due to Coulomb interaction. The whole spectrum
from low frequency shot noise to quantum noise at frequencies comparable to the
SET charging energy $(E_{C}/\hbar)$ is considered. We discuss the back-action
during read-out of a charge qubit and conclude that single-shot read-out is
possible using the Radio-Frequency SET.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6441 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of the Self-gravitating gas with two or more kinds


  We study the statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas at thermal
equilibrium with two kinds of particles. We start from the partition function
in the canonical ensemble which we express as a functional integral over the
densities of the two kinds of particles for a large number of particles. The
system is shown to possess an infinite volume limit when (N_1,N_2,V)->infty,
keeping N_1/V^{1/3} and N_2/V^{1/3} fixed. The saddle point approximation
becomes here exact for (N_1,N_2,V)->infty.It provides a nonlinear differential
equation on the particle densities. For the spherically symmetric case, we
compute the densities as functions of two dimensionless physical parameters:
eta_1=G m_1^2 N_1/[V^{1/3} T] and eta_2=G m_2^2 N_2/[V^{1/3} T] (where G is
Newton's constant, m_1 and m_2 the masses of the two kinds of particles and T
the temperature). According to the values of eta_1 and eta_2 the system can be
either in a gaseous phase or in a highly condensed phase.The gaseous phase is
stable for eta_1 and eta_2 between the origin and their collapse values. The
gas is inhomogeneous and the mass M(R) inside a sphere of radius R scales with
R as M(R) propto R^d suggesting a fractal structure. The value of d depends in
general on eta_1 and eta_2 except on the critical line for the canonical ensem-
ble where it takes the universal value d simeq 1.6 for all values of N_1/N_2.
The equation of state is computed.It is found to be locally a perfect gas
equation of state. Thermodynamic functions are computed as functions of eta_1
and eta_2. They exhibit a square root Riemann sheet with the branch points on
the critical canonical line. This treatment is further generalized to the
self-gravitating gas with n-types of particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126189 </DOCNO>
HST observations of NGC 6240


  WFPC2 images and STIS spectroscopic observations are presented of the double
nucleus in the merger system NGC 6240. We find that: (a) the kinematics of the
ionized gas is similar to that of the molecular gas, despite a different
morphology; (b) the gaseous and stellar kinematics are quite different,
suggesting an early merger stage; (c) neither the gaseous nor the stellar
kinematics show an obvious sign of the supermassive black hole believed to be
responsible for the X-ray emission of NGC 6240; and (d) the steep off-nuclear
velocity gradient is not due to a 10E11 solar mass black hole, in contrast to
earlier suggestions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124047 </DOCNO>
The Hipparcos observations and the mass of sub-stellar objects


  The Hipparcos Intermediate Astrometric Data have been used lately to estimate
the inclination of the orbital plane of candidate extrasolar planets. Whereas
most of these investigations derive almost face-on orbits, we show that the
astrometric data are seldom precise enough to undertake such studies and that
the `face-on' result might be just a spurious effect of the method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1290 </DOCNO>
Power law statistics of avalanches in martensitic transformation


  We devise a two dimensional model that mimics the recently observed power law
distributions for the amplitudes and durations of the acoustic emission signals
observed during martensitic transformation [ Vives {\it et al}, Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 72}, 1694 (1994)]. We include a threshold mechanism arising from the
athermal nature of transformation, long-range interaction between the
transformed domains, inertial effects, and dissipation arising due to the
motion of the interface. The model exhibits thermal hysteresis of the
transformation, and more importantly, it shows that the energy is released in
the form of avalanches with power law distributions for their amplitudes and
durations. Computer simulations also reveal morphological features similar to
those observed in real systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125021 </DOCNO>
A Search for Early Optical Emission from Short and Long Duration


  Gamma-ray bursts of short duration may harbor vital clues to the range of
phenomena producing bursts. However, recent progress from the observation of
optical counterparts has not benefitted the study of short bursts. We have
searched for early optical emission from six gamma-ray bursts using the ROTSE-I
telephoto array. Three of these events were of short duration, including GRB
980527 which is among the brightest short bursts yet observed. The data consist
of unfiltered CCD optical images taken in response to BATSE triggers delivered
via the GCN. For the first time, we have analyzed the entire 16 degree by 16
degree field covered for five of these bursts. In addition, we discuss a search
for the optical counterpart to GRB 000201, a well-localized long burst. Single
image sensitivities range from 13th to 14th magnitude around 10 s after the
initial burst detection, and 14 - 15.8 one hour later. No new optical
counterparts were discovered in this analysis suggesting short burst optical
and gamma-ray fluxes are uncorrelated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2869 </DOCNO>
Prewetting transition on a weakly disordered substrate : evidence for a


  We present the first microscopic images of the prewetting transition of a
liquid film on a solid surface. Pictures of the local coverage map of a helium
film on a cesium metal surface are taken while the temperature is raised
through the transition. The film edge is found to advance at constant
temperature by successive avalanches in a creep motion with a macroscopic
correlation length. The creep velocity varies strongly in a narrow temperature
range. The retreat motion is obtained only at much lower temperature,
conforming to the strong hysteresis observed for prewetting transition on a
disordered surface. Prewetting transition on such disordered surfaces appears
to give rise to dynamical phenomena similar to what is observed for domain wall
motions in 2D magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4344 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on "Completely positive quantum dissipation"


  This is the reply to a Comment by R. F. O'Connell (Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001)
028901) on a paper written by the author (B. Vacchini, ``Completely positive
quantum dissipation'', Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 1374, arXiv:quant-ph/0002094).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5587 </DOCNO>
A particulate basis for a lattice-gas model of amphiphilic fluids


  We show that the flux-field expansion derived by Boghosian and Coveney for
the Rothman-Keller immiscible fluid model can be derived in a simpler and more
general way in terms of the completely symmetric tensor kernels introduced by
those authors. Using this generalised flux-field expansion we show that the
more complex amphiphilic model of Boghosian Coveney and Emerton can also be
derived from an underlying model of particle interactions. The consequences of
this derivation are discussed in the context of previous equilibrium Ising-like
lattice models and other non-equilibrium mesoscale models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126335 </DOCNO>
Turbulence-driven angular momentum transport in modulated Kepler flows


  The velocity fluctuations in a spherical shell arising from sinusoidal
perturbations of a Keplerian shear flow with a free amplitude parameter
\epsilon are studied numerically by means of fully 3D nonlinear simulations.
The investigations are performed at high Reynolds numbers, i.e.
  3000 < Re < 5000. We find Taylor-Proudman columns of large eddies parallel to
the rotation axis for sufficiently strong perturbations. An instability sets in
at critical amplitudes with \epsilon_crit \propto Re^-1. The whole flow turns
out to be almost axisymmetric and nonturbulent exhibiting, however, a very rich
radial and latitudinal structure. The Reynolds stress <u'_r u'_\phi> is
positive in the entire computational domain, from its Gaussian radial profile a
positive viscosity-alpha of about 10^-4 is derived. The kinetic energy of the
turbulent state is dominated by the azimuthal component <u_\phi'^2> whereas the
other components are smaller by two orders of magnitude. Our simulations
reveal, however, that these structures disappear as soon as the perturbations
are switched off. We did not find an ``effective'' perturbation whose amplitude
is such that the disturbance is sustained for large times (cf. Dauchot &
Daviaud 1995) which is due to the effective violation of the Rayleigh stability
criterion. The fluctuations rapidly smooth the original profile towards to pure
Kepler flow which, therefore, proves to be stable in that sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126868 </DOCNO>
Searching for the Galactic Dark Matter


  A straightforward interpretation of the MACHO microlensing results in the
direction of the Magellanic Clouds suggests that an important fraction of the
baryonic dark matter component of our Galaxy is in the form of old white
dwarfs. If correct, this has serious implications for the early generations of
stars that formed in the Universe and also on the manner in which galaxies
formed and enriched themselves in heavy elements. I examine this scenario in
some detail and in particular explore whether the searches currently being
carried out to locate local examples of these MACHOs can shed any light at all
on this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148136 </DOCNO>
The many faces of Ocneanu cells


  We define generalised chiral vertex operators covariant under the Ocneanu
``double triangle algebra'' {\cal A}, a novel quantum symmetry intrinsic to a
given rational 2-d conformal field theory. This provides a chiral approach,
which, unlike the conventional one, makes explicit various algebraic structures
encountered previously in the study of these theories and of the associated
critical lattice models, and thus allows their unified treatment. The
triangular Ocneanu cells, the 3j-symbols of the weak Hopf algebra {\cal A},
reappear in several guises. With {\cal A} and its dual algebra {hat A} one
associates a pair of graphs, G and {\tilde G}. While G are known to encode
complete sets of conformal boundary states, the Ocneanu graphs {\tilde G}
classify twisted torus partition functions. The fusion algebra of the twist
operators provides the data determining {\hat A}. The study of bulk field
correlators in the presence of twists reveals that the Ocneanu graph quantum
symmetry gives also an information on the field operator algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128695 </DOCNO>
A search for radio supernovae and supernova remnants in the region of


  We have used MERLIN, at 1.4 and 5 GHz, to search for radio supernovae (RSNe)
and supernova remnants (SNRs) in the unobscured irregular dwarf galaxy NGC1569,
and in particular in the region of its super star clusters (SSCs) A and B.
Throughout NGC1569 we find some 5 RSNe and SNRs but the SSCs and their
immediate surroundings are largely devoid of non-thermal radio sources. Even
though many massive stars in the SSCs are expected to have exploded already,
when compared with M82 and its many SSCs the absence of RSNe and SNRs in and
near A and B may seem plausible on statistical arguments. The absence of RSNe
and SNRs in and near A and B may, however, also be due to a violent and
turbulent outflow of stellar winds and supernova ejected material, which does
not provide a quiescent environment for the development of SNRs within and near
the SSCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95899 </DOCNO>
Real Rational Surfaces Are Quasi-Simple


  We show that a real rational (over~$\C$) surfaces are quasi-simple, i.e.,
that such a surface is determined up to deformation in the class of real
surfaces by the topological type of its real structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148196 </DOCNO>
Nonabelian noncommutative gauge theory via noncommutative extra


  The concept of covariant coordinates on noncommutative spaces leads directly
to gauge theories with generalized noncommutative gauge fields of the type that
arises in string theory with background B-fields. The theory is naturally
expressed in terms of cochains in an appropriate cohomology; we discuss how it
fits into the framework of projective modules. The equivalence of star products
that arise from the background field with and without fluctuations and
Kontsevich's formality theorem allow an explicitly construction of a map that
relates ordinary gauge theory and noncommutative gauge theory (Seiberg-Witten
map.) As application we show the exact equality of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action
with B-field in the commutative setting and its semi-noncommutative cousin in
the intermediate picture. Using noncommutative extra dimensions the
construction is extended to noncommutative nonabelian gauge theory for
arbitrary gauge groups; an explicit map between abelian and nonabelian gauge
fields is given. All constructions are also valid for non-constant B-field,
Poisson structure and metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41651 </DOCNO>
Overview of deeply virtual Compton scattering


  We give a short overview of recent developments in understanding of the
deeply virtual Compton scattering on the proton target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97784 </DOCNO>
Local dimension-free estimates for volumes of sublevel sets of analytic


  This is a companion to our previous paper. Here, we derive local
dimension-free estimates for volumes of sub- and super-level sets of analytic
functions of several variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129378 </DOCNO>
From Neutron Stars to Strange Stars


  This paper discusses several most intruigung astrophysical implications
connected with the possible absolute stability of strange quark matter.This is
followed by a discussion of two astrophysical signals that may point at the
existence of quark matter in both isolated neutron stars as well as in neutron
stars in low-mass x-ray binaries (LMXBs).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126591 </DOCNO>
Atomic and molecular gas in the merger galaxy NGC 1316 (Fornax A) and


  We present and interpret observations of atomic and molecular gas toward the
southern elliptical galaxy NGC 1316 (Fornax A), a strong double-lobe radio
source with a disturbed optical morphology that includes numerous shells and
loops. The 12CO(1-0), 12CO(2-1), and HI observations were made with SEST and
the VLA. CO emission corresponding to a total molecular hydrogen mass of 5x10^8
Msun was detected toward the central position as well as northwest and
southeast of the nucleus in the regions of the dust patches. The origin of that
gas is likely external and due to accretion of one or several small gas-rich
galaxies. HI was not detected in the central region of NGC1316, but ~2x10^7
Msun of atomic gas was found toward the giant HII region discovered by
Schweizer (1980) located 6.7 arcmin (or 36.2 kpc) from the nucleus. HI was also
found at three other locations in the outer part of NGC 1316. The HI
distributions and kinematics of the two nearby spiral companions of NGC 1316,
NGC 1317 (a barred galaxy to the north) and NGC 1310 (to the west) could be
studied. Both galaxies have unusually small HI disks that may have been
affected by ram-pressure stripping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125685 </DOCNO>
The Large Bright Quasar Survey VII. The LBQS and FIRST Surveys


  The source catalogue for the LBQS and the FIRST Survey are compared in their
regions of overlap. In the 270 deg^2 common to both surveys the LBQS contains
\~100,000 stellar and ~40,000 non-stellar objects, while the FIRST catalogue
contains ~25,000 sources. Cross-correlation of these lists yields 67 positional
coincidences between known LBQS quasars and FIRST sources and an additional 19
stellar and 149 non-stellar positional coincidences with the radio catalogue.
Spectroscopy of all the stellar matches and two-thirds of the non-stellar
matches produces eight new quasars. One BL Lac object, previously misclassified
during the LBQS survey is also identified. The straightforward fractional
incompleteness of the LBQS determined from this sample is 13+/-4%, in good
agreement with the published estimate of 10%. The distributions of the ratio of
radio-to-optical power, apparent magnitude and spectroscopic properties for the
new objects are consistent with those of the 67 LBQS-FIRST objects previously
known. The consistency of the optical and radio properties of the new objects
with those of the known quasars thus supports the conclusion that no new
population of objects, constituting more than ~7% of quasars detected by FIRST,
has eluded the LBQS optical selection techniques. The percentage of
radio-detected quasars in the LBQS catalogue is found to be 12+/-2%,
considerably smaller than the value of 25% advocated by White et al. (2000)
based on the FBQS. Apparent differences in the form of the number-redshift
relation for the LBQS and FBQS samples are shown to arise in large part from
the very different optical passbands employed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96359 </DOCNO>
On Wick Power Series Convergent to Nonlocal Fields


  The infinite series in Wick powers of a generalized free field are considered
that are convergent under smearing with analytic test functions and realize a
nonlocal extension of the Borchers equivalence classes. The nonlocal fields to
which they converge are proved to be asymptotically commuting, which serves as
a natural generalization of the relative locality of the Wick polynomials. The
proposed proof is based on exploiting the analytic properties of the vacuum
expectation values in x-space and applying the Cauchy--Poincare theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2187 </DOCNO>
Topological Reduction of Tight-Binding Models on Complex Networks


  Complex molecules and mesoscopic structures are naturally described by
general networks of elementary building blocks and tight-binding is one of the
simplest quantum model suitable for studying the physical properties arising
from the network topology. Despite the simplicity of the model, topological
complexity can make the evaluation of the spectrum of the tight-binding
Hamiltonian a rather hard task, since the lack of translation invariance rules
out such a powerful tool as Fourier transform. In this paper we introduce a
rigorous analytical technique, based on topological methods, for the exact
solution of this problem on branched structures. Besides its analytic power,
this technique is also a promising engineering tool, helpful in the design of
netwoks displaying the desired spectral features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98221 </DOCNO>
Algebraic theories in homotopy theory


  An algebraic theory T is a category with objects t_0, t_1, ... such that for
each n the object t_n is an n-fold categorical product of t_1. A T-algebra is a
product preserving functor A: T-->Spaces. Lawvere showed that for a suitable
choice of T giving such an algebra amounts to providing the space A(t_1) with a
familiar algebraic structure of a monoid, group, ring, Lie algebra...
  Given a functor X:T-->Spaces which preserves products up to a weak
equivalence we show that X is more or less canonically weakly equivalent to a
T-algebra LX. Thus any 'homotopy' algebraic structure on the space X(t_1) can
be rigidified to a strict algebraic structure on a space weakly equivalent to
X(t_1). This fact can be interpreted as a generalization of the results
estabilishing equivalence of homotopy theories of loop spaces and simplicial
groups, products of Eilenberg-Mac Lane spaces and abelian monoids etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86045 </DOCNO>
On Observational Predictions from Multidimensional Gravity


  We discuss possible observational manifestations of static, spherically
symmetric solutions of a class of multidimensional theories of gravity, which
includes the low energy limits of supergravities and superstring theories as
special cases. We discuss the choice of a physical conformal frame to be used
for the description of observations. General expressions are given for (i) the
Eddington parameters $\beta$ and $\gamma$, characterizing the post-Newtonian
gravitational field of a central body, (ii) p-brane black hole temperatures in
different conformal frames and (iii) the Coulomb law modified by extra
dimensions. It is concluded, in particular, that $\beta$ and $\gamma$ depend on
the integration constants and can be therefore different for different central
bodies. If, however, the Einstein frame is adopted for describing observations,
we always obtain $\gamma=1$. The modified Coulomb law is shown to be
independent of the choice of a 4-dimensional conformal frame. We also argue the
possible existence of specific multidimensional objects, T-holes, potentially
observable as bodies with mirror surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125645 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectroscopy of Accretion Disks and Stellar Winds in X-Ray


  From hot, tenuous gas dominated by Compton processes, to warm, photoionized
emission-line regions, to cold, optically thick fluorescing matter, accreting
gas flows in X-ray binaries span a huge portion of the parameter space
accessible to astrophysical plasmas. The coexistence of such diverse states of
material within small volumes (10^33-10^36 cm^3) leaves X-ray spectroscopists
with a challenging set of problems, since all such matter produces various
X-ray spectral signatures when exposed to hard X rays. Emission-line regions in
X-ray binaries are characterized by high radiation energy densities, relatively
high particle densities, and velocities ~1000 km/s. In this article, we
describe some recent efforts to generate detailed X-ray line spectra from
models of X-ray binaries, whose aims are to reproduce spectra acquired with the
ASCA, Chandra, and XMM-Newton observatories. With emphasis on the global nature
of X-ray line emission in these systems, the article includes separate
treatments of high-mass and low-mass systems, as well as summaries of continuum
spectroscopy

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73507 </DOCNO>
Brane Dynamics in the Randall-Sundrum model, Inflation and Graceful Exit


  We study the averaged action of the Randall-Sundrum model with a time
dependent metric ansatz. It can be reformulated in terms of a Brans-Dicke
action with time dependent Newton's constant. We show that the physics of early
universe, particularly inflation, is governed by the Brans-Dicke theory. The
Brans-Dicke scalar, however, quickly settles to its equilibrium value and
decouples from the post-inflationary cosmology. The deceleration parameter is
negative to start with but changes sign before the Brans-Dicke scalar settles
to its equilibrium value. Consequently, the brane metric smoothly exits
inflation and late time cosmology is of the FRW type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128452 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Abundances in the Magellanic Clouds


  We summarize recent studies of the predominantly neutral gas in the
Magellanic Clouds (MC), based on combinations of high-resolution optical
spectra and UV spectra obtained with IUE, HST, and FUSE. Similarities in
relative gas-phase abundances for Galactic and MC sightlines with relatively
low N(H) had suggested that the depletion patterns might be similar in the
three galaxies -- at least where the depletions are relatively mild. New STIS
spectra of one higher N(H) SMC sightline, however, have revealed significant
differences, relative to the Galactic patterns, for SMC clouds characterized by
more severe depletions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125814 </DOCNO>
Detection of new sources of 4765-MHz OH masing


  We have used the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) to make a sensitive
search for maser emission from the 4765-MHz transition of OH towards a sample
of 55 star formation regions. Maser emission with peak flux densities in excess
of 100 mJy were detected in 14 sites, with 10 of these being new discoveries.
Unlike the ground-state OH transitions the 4765-MHz transition is not predicted
to be circularly polarised and none of the masers observed have detectable
levels of linear, or circular polarisation. Combining our results with those of
previous high resolution observations of other OH transitions we are able to
investigate various theoretical models for the pumping of OH masers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179468 </DOCNO>
Extended M1 sum rule for excited symmetric and mixed-symmetry states in


  A generalized M1 sum rule for orbital magnetic dipole strength from excited
symmetric states to mixed-symmetry states is considered within the
proton-neutron interacting boson model of even-even nuclei. Analytic
expressions for the dominant terms in the B(M1) transition rates from the first
and second $2^+$ states are derived in the U(5) and SO(6) dynamic symmetry
limits of the model, and the applicability of a sum rule approach is examined
at and in-between these limits. Lastly, the sum rule is applied to the new data
on mixed-symmetry states of 94Mo and a quadrupole d-boson ratio
$nd(0^+_1)/nd(2^+_2) \approx 0.6$ is obtained in a largely
parameter-independent way

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113524 </DOCNO>
Trial function optimization for excited states of van der Waals clusters


  A method is introduced to optimize excited state trial wave functions. The
method is applied to ground and vibrationally excited states of bosonic van der
Waals clusters of upto seven particles. Employing optimized trial wavefunctions
with three-body correlations, we use correlation function Monte Carlo to
estimate the corresponding excited state energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81473 </DOCNO>
Finite-size Scaling of Meson Propagators


  Using quenched chiral perturbation theory we compute meson correlation
functions at finite volume and fixed gauge field topology. We also present the
corresponding analytical predictions for the unquenched theory at fixed gauge
field topology. These results can be used to measure the low-energy parameters
of the chiral Langrangian from lattice simulations in volumes much smaller than
one pion Compton wavelength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97260 </DOCNO>
Universality and stability of cohomology rings of Hilbert schemes of


  We prove that the cohomology ring structure of the Hilbert scheme $X^{[n]}$
of n points on a projective surface X is determined in a universal way by the
cohomology ring of X. In particular, if there exists an isomorphism of
cohomology rings for two projective surfaces X and Y which matches the
canonical classes, then the cohomology rings of the Hilbert schemes $X^{[n]}$
and $Y^{[n]}$ are isomorphic for every n. We further establish a remarkable
stability of the cohomology rings of $X^{[n]}$ as n varies. This enables us to
construct a Hilbert ring which depends on the ring $H^*(X)$ only and which
encodes all the structures of the cohomology rings of $X^{[n]}$ for each n. In
addition, we determine the structure of the Hilbert ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126502 </DOCNO>
The Infuence of Omega_baryon on High-Redshift Structure


  We analyze high-redshift structure in three hydrodynamic simulations that
have identical initial conditions and cosmological parameters and differ only
in the value of the baryon density parameter, Omega_b=0.02, 0.05, 0.125.
Increasing Omega_b does not change the fraction of baryons in the diffuse
(unshocked) phase of the intergalactic medium, but it increases cooling rates
and therefore transfers some baryons from the shocked intergalactic phase to
the condensed phase associated with galaxies. Predictions of Lyman-alpha forest
absorption are almost unaffected by changes of Omega_b provided that the UV
background intensity is adjusted so that the mean opacity of the forest matches
the observed value. The required UV background intensity scales as Omega_b^1.7,
and the higher photoionization rate increases the gas temperature in low
density regions. Damped Lyman-alpha absorption and Lyman limit absorption both
increase with increasing Omega_b, though the impact is stronger for damped
absorption and is weaker at z=4 than at z=2-3. The mass of cold gas and stars
in high-redshift galaxies increases faster than Omega_b but slower than
Omega_b^2, and the global star formation rate scales approximately as
Omega_b^1.5. In the higher Omega_b models, the fraction of baryonic material
within the virial radius of dark matter halos is usually higher than the
universal fraction, indicating that gas dynamics and cooling can lead to
over-representation of baryons in virialized systems. On the whole, our results
imply a fairly intuitive picture of the influence of Omega_b on high-redshift
structure, and we provide scalings that can be used to estimate the impact of
Omega_b uncertainties on the predictions of hydrodynamic simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76730 </DOCNO>
Quark masses and weak couplings in the Standard Model and beyond


  I discuss two topics: i) the empirical adequacy of the Standard Model in the
Flavour Sector in view of recent data; ii) the possible existence of a hidden
structure in the quark masses and mixings based on textures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2136 </DOCNO>
Layer-by-layer growth for pulsed laser deposition


  Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a popular growth method, which has been
successfully used for fabricating thin films. Compared to continuous deposition
(like molecular beam epitaxy) the pulse intensity can be used as an additional
parameter for tuning the growth behavior, so that under certain circumstances
PLD improves layer-by-layer growth. We present kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations
for PLD in the submonolayer regime and give a description of the island
distance versus intensity. Furthermore we discuss a theory for second layer
nucleation and the impact of Ehrlich-Schwoebel barriers on the growth behavior.
We find an exact analytical expression for the probability of second layer
nucleation during one pulse for high Ehrlich-Schwoebel barriers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125783 </DOCNO>
Supermassive Black Holes in Nuclei of Galaxies


  We review the motivation and search for supermassive black holes (BHs) in
galaxies. Energetic nuclear activity provides indirect but compelling evidence
for BH engines. Ground-based dynamical searches for central dark objects are
reviewed in Kormendy & Richstone (1995, ARA&A, 33, 581). Here we provide an
update of results from the HST. As of 2001 March, dynamical BH detections are
available for at least 37 galaxies. The demographics of these objects lead to
the following conclusions: (1) BH mass correlates with the luminosity of the
bulge component of the host galaxy. The median BH mass fraction is 0.13% of the
mass of the bulge. (2) BH mass correlates with the mean velocity dispersion of
the bulge inside its effective radius. For the best mass determinations, the
scatter is consistent with the measurement errors. (3) BH mass correlates with
the luminosity of the high-density central component in disk galaxies
independent of whether this is a real bulge (a mini-elliptical, believed to
form via a merger-induced dissipative collapse and starburst) or a
``pseudobulge'' (believed to form by inward transport of disk material). (4) BH
mass does not correlate with the luminosity of galaxy disks. If pure disks
contain BHs, then their masses are much smaller than 0.13% of the mass of the
disk. We conclude that present observations show no dependence of BH mass on
the details of whether BH feeding happens rapidly during a collapse or slowly
via secular evolution of the disk. The above results increasingly support the
hypothesis that the major events that form a bulge or elliptical galaxy and the
main growth phases of its BH -- when it shone like a quasar -- were the same
events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7520 </DOCNO>
Polyelectrolyte Persistence Length: Attractive Effect of Counterion


  The persistence length of a single, strongly charged, stiff polyelectrolyte
chain is investigated theoretically. Path integral formulation is used to
obtain the effective electrostatic interaction between the monomers. We find
significant deviations from the classical Odijk, Skolnick and Fixman (OSF)
result. An induced attraction between monomers is due to thermal fluctuations
and correlations between bound counterions. The electrostatic persistence
length is found to be smaller than the OSF value and may indicate a mechanical
instability (collapse) for highly charged polyelectrolytes with multivalent
counterions. In addition, we calculate the amount of condensed counterions on a
slightly bent polyelectrolyte. More counterions are found to be adsorbed as
compared to the Manning condensation on a cylinder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127969 </DOCNO>
On the statistics of the gravitational field


  In this paper we extend Chandrasekhar and von Neumann's analysis of the
statistics of the gravitational field to systems in which particles (e.g.
stars, galaxies) are not homogeneously distributed. We derive a distribution
function W(F,d F/dt) giving the joint probability that a test particle is
subject to a force F and an associated rate of change of F given by d F/dt. We
calculate the first moment of d F/dt to study the effects of inhomogenity on
dynamical friction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81201 </DOCNO>
Unquenching the topological susceptibility with an overlap action


  We estimate the quark-mass dependence of the topological susceptibility with
dynamical overlap and clover fermions. Unquenching effects on the
susceptibility turn out to be well approximated by a reweighting of a quenched
ensemble with a low-eigenmode truncation of the fermionic determinant. We find
that it is most likely due to the explicit chiral symmetry breaking of the
fermion action that present day dynamical simulations do not show the expected
suppression of the topological susceptibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81213 </DOCNO>
Chirally improved Dirac operators: Studying the sensitivity to


  We discuss the construction and properties of an approximate solution of the
Ginsparg-Wilson equation, the so-called chirally improved lattice Dirac
operator. In particular we study the behavior of its eigenmodes in smooth
instanton backgrounds as well as for thermalized gauge configurations on both
sides of the QCD phase transition. We compare with results from other Dirac
operators including the overlap operator. The results support the picture of
chiral symmetry breaking being closely related to instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168688 </DOCNO>
Quantum probabilities as Bayesian probabilities


  In the Bayesian approach to probability theory, probability quantifies a
degree of belief for a single trial, without any a priori connection to
limiting frequencies. In this paper we show that, despite being prescribed by a
fundamental law, probabilities for individual quantum systems can be understood
within the Bayesian approach. We argue that the distinction between classical
and quantum probabilities lies not in their definition, but in the nature of
the information they encode. In the classical world, maximal information about
a physical system is complete in the sense of providing definite answers for
all possible questions that can be asked of the system. In the quantum world,
maximal information is not complete and cannot be completed. Using this
distinction, we show that any Bayesian probability assignment in quantum
mechanics must have the form of the quantum probability rule, that maximal
information about a quantum system leads to a unique quantum-state assignment,
and that quantum theory provides a stronger connection between probability and
measured frequency than can be justified classically. Finally we give a
Bayesian formulation of quantum-state tomography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1913 </DOCNO>
Tangled Nature: a model of evolutionary ecology


  We discuss a simple model of co-evolution. In order to emphasise the effect
of interaction between individuals the entire population is subjected to the
same physical environment. Species are emergent structures and extinction,
origination and diversity are entirely a consequence of co-evolutionary
interaction between individuals. For comparison we consider both asexual and
sexually reproducing populations. We also study competition between asexual and
sexual reproduction in a mixed population. In either case the system evolves
through periods of hectic reorganisation separated by periods of coherent
stable coexistence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86487 </DOCNO>
Dilatonic Domain Walls and Curved Intersecting Branes


  Curved, intersecting brane configurations satisfying the type IIA
supergravity equations of motion are found. In eleven dimensions, the models
are interpreted in terms of orthogonally intersecting M5--branes, where the
world--volumes are curved due to the effects of one or more massless scalar
fields. Duality symmetries are employed to generate further type II and
heterotic solutions. Some cosmological implications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41585 </DOCNO>
Observation of $\bar{B}^0\to D^0\pi^0$ and $\bar{B}^0\to D^{*0}\pi^0$


  We have studied the color-suppressed hadronic decays of neutral B mesons into
the final states D(*)0 pi0. Using 9.67 million B-pairs collected with the CLEO
detector, we observe the decays B0bar -> D0 pi0 and B0bar -> D*0 pi0 with the
branching fractions BR(B0bar -> D0 pi0) = (2.74 -0.32 +0.36 +-0.55) 10^{-4} and
BR(B0bar -> D*0 pi0) = (2.20 -0.52 +0.59 +-0.79) 10^{-4}. The first error is
statistical and the second systematic. The statistical significance of the D0
pi0 signal is 12.1 sigma (5.9 sigma for D*0 pi0). Utilizing the B0bar -> D(*)0
pi0 branching fractions we determine the strong phases delta_I between isospin
1/2 and 3/2 amplitudes in the D pi and D* pi final states to be cos delta_I =
0.89 +- 0.08 and cos delta_I = 0.89 +- 0.08, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124760 </DOCNO>
Migration of giant planets in planetesimal discs


  Planets orbiting a planetesimal circumstellar disc can migrate inward from
their initial positions because of dynamical friction between planets and
planetesimals. The migration rate depends on the disc mass and on its time
evolution. Planets that are embedded in long-lived planetesimal discs, having
total mass of $10^{-4}-0.01 M_{\odot}$, can migrate inward a large distance and
can survive only if the inner disc is truncated or because of tidal interaction
with the star. In this case the semi-major axis, a, of the planetary orbit is
less than 0.1 AU. Orbits with larger $a$ are obtained for smaller value of the
disc mass or for a rapid evolution (depletion) of the disc. This model may
explain several of the orbital features of the giant planets that were
discovered in last years orbiting nearby stars as well as the metallicity
enhancement found in several stars associated with short-period planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5071 </DOCNO>
Influence of disorder on the ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic


  Influence of disorder on the ferromagnetic phase transition in diluted
(III,Mn)V semiconductors is investigated analytically. The regime of small
disorder is addressed, and the enhancement of the critical temperature by
disorder is found both in the mean field approximation and from the analysis of
the zero temperature spin stiffness. Due to disorder, the spin wave
fluctuations around the ferromagnetically ordered state acquire a finite mass.
At large charge carrier band width, the spin wave mass squared becomes
negative, signaling the breakdown of the ferromagnetic ground state and the
onset of a noncollinear magnetic order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72779 </DOCNO>
Possible Supersymmetric Effects on Angular Distributions in $B \to K^*


  We investigate the angular distributions of the rare B decay, $B \to K^* (\to
K \pi) \ell^+ \ell^-$, in general supersymmetric extensions of the standard
model. We consider the new physics contributions from the operators
$O_{7,8,9,10}$ in small invariant mass region of lepton pair. We show that the
azimuthal angle distribution of the decay can tell us the new physics effects
clearly from the behavior of the distribution, even if new physics does not
change the decay rate substantially from the standard model prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127235 </DOCNO>
The Nature of [Ar III] Bright Knots in the Crab Nebula


  The kinematic and morphological properties of a string of [Ar III] bright
knots in the Crab Nebula are examined using 1994 - 1999 HST WFPC-2 images of
the remnant. We find that five southern [Ar III] bright knots exhibit ordinary
radial motions away from the nebula's center of expansion with magnitudes
consistent with their projected radial displacements. These results do not
support the suggestion by MacAlpine et al.(1994) that these knots might be
moving rapidly away from the Crab pulsar due to a collimated wind. The HST
images also do not show that the [Ar III] knots have unusual morphologies
relative to other features in the remnant. Our proper motion results, when
combined with radial velocity estimates, suggest these knots have relatively
low space velocities implying relatively interior remnant locations thus
placing them closer to the ionizing radiation from the Crab's synchrotron
nebula. This might lead to higher knot gas temperatures thereby explaining the
knots' unusual line emission strengths as MacAlpine et al.(1994) suspected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75468 </DOCNO>
Operator product expansion and confinement


  Operator product expansion technique is analyzed in abelian and nonabelian
nonsupersymmetric field theoretical models with confinement. Special attention
is paid to the regimes where nonzero virtuality of vacuum fields is felt by
external currents. It is stressed that despite physics of confinement is
sometimes considered as being caused by "soft" vacuum gluon fields, it can
exhibit pronounced "hard" effects in OPE both in coordinate and momentum
spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179663 </DOCNO>
Modern Shell-Model Calculations


  We have performed shell-model calculations starting from the CD-Bonn free
nucleon-nucleon NN potential and making use of a new approach for the
calculation of the effective interaction. This consists in deriving from the NN
potential a low-momentum effective potential V-low-k, defined within a given
cut-off momentum Lambda. Being a smooth potential it can be used directly in
nuclear structure calculations. To assess the practical value of this approach,
we have also performed calculations within the framework of the usual Brueckner
G-matrix formalism. Comparison of the calculated results between them and with
the experimental data shows that the V-low-k approach represents an
advantageous alternative to the use of the G-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3383 </DOCNO>
Hidden symmetry and knot solitons in a charged two-condensate Bose


  We show that a charged two-condensate Ginzburg-Landau model or equivalently a
Gross-Pitaevskii functional for two charged Bose condensates, can be mapped
onto a version of the nonlinear O(3) $\sigma$-model. This implies in particular
that such a system possesses a hidden O(3) symmetry and allows for the
formation of stable knotted solitons. The results, in particular, should be
relevant to the superconducting MgB_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85867 </DOCNO>
Numerical Relativity CM1-a and CM1-b sessions


  Numerical Relativity is concerned with solving the Einstein equations, as
well as any field or matter equations on curved space-time, by means of
computer calculations. The methods developed for this purpose up to now, as
well as the addressed physical problems are getting more numerous every day.
This is a brief summary of the presentations which have been given during the
9th Marcel Grossman meeting, which took place in Rome, from 2nd to 8th of July
2000. Many different fields have been addressed, from pure numerics and applied
mathematics to neutron star properties and gravitational wave astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72872 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass, Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment, and Lepton Flavor


  If the generating mechanism for neutrino mass is to account for both the
newly observed muon anomalous magnetic moment as well as the present
experimental bounds on lepton flavor nonconservation, then the neutrino mass
matrix should be almost degenerate and the underlying physics be observable at
future colliders. We illustrate this assertion in two specific examples, and
show that $\Gamma (\mu \to e \gamma)/m_\mu^5$, $\Gamma (\tau \to e
\gamma)/m_\tau^5$, and $\Gamma (\tau \to \mu \gamma) /m_\tau^5$ are in the
ratio $(\Delta m^2)_{sol}^2/2$, $(\Delta m^2)_{sol}^2 /2$, and $(\Delta
m^2)_{atm}^2$ respectively, where the $\Delta m^2$ parameters are those of
solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations and bimaximal mixing has been
assumed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74592 </DOCNO>
Search for t->ch at e+e- Linear Colliders


  We study the rare top-quark decay t->ch, where h is a generic Higgs boson, at
a linear collider. If kinematically accessible, all models contain this decay
at some level due to quark flavor mixing. Some models, such as Model III of the
two-Higgs doublet model, have a tree-level top-charm-Higgs coupling, and the
branching ratio is close to 0.5%. Others, such as the MSSM, have a coupling
induced at one-loop, and can have a branching ratio in the range of 10^{-5} -
5x10^{-4}. We find that a linear collider of root(s) = 500 GeV and a luminosity
of 500 fb^{-1} will begin to be sensitive to this range of the coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4058 </DOCNO>
Luttinger liquid with asymmetric dispersion


  Paper withdrawn by authors. See new version in this same listing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149560 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition in Gauge Theories and Multiple Point Model


  In the present paper the phase transition in the regularized U(1) gauge
theory is investigated using the dual Abelian Higgs model of scalar monopoles.
The corresponding renormalization group improved effective potential, analogous
to the Coleman-Weinberg's one, was considered in the two-loop approximation for
$\beta$ functions, and the phase transition (critical) dual and non-dual
couplings were calculated in the U(1) gauge theory. It was shown that the
critical value of the renormalized electric fine structure constant
$\alpha_{\text{crit}}\approx 0.208$ obtained in this paper coincides with the
lattice result for compact QED: $\alpha_{\text{crit}}^{\text{lat}}\approx
0.20\pm 0.015$. This result and the behavior of $\alpha$ in the vicinity of the
phase transition point were compared with the Multiple Point Model prediction
for the values of $\alpha$ near the Planck scale. Such a comparison is very
encouraging for the Multiple Point Model assuming the existence of the multiple
critical point at the Planck scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7156 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity of Quantum Motion for Classically Chaotic Systems


  We discuss the behavior of fidelity for a classically chaotic quantum system
in the metallic regime. We show the existence of a critical value of the
perturbation below which the exponential decay of fidelity is determined by the
width of the Breit-Wigner distribution and above which the quantum decay
follows the classical one which is ruled by the Lyapunov exponent. The
independence of the decay {\it rate} from the perturbation strength derives
from the similarity of the quantum and classical relaxation process inside the
Heisenberg time scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2827 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of on-line Hebbian learning with structurally unrealizable


  We present an exact solution for the dynamics of on-line Hebbian learning in
neural networks, with restricted and unrealizable training sets. In contrast to
other studies on learning with restricted training sets, unrealizability is
here caused by structural mismatch, rather than data noise: the teacher machine
is a perceptron with a reversed wedge-type transfer function, while the student
machine is a perceptron with a sigmoidal transfer function. We calculate the
glassy dynamics of the macroscopic performance measures, training error and
generalization error, and the (non-Gaussian) student field distribution. Our
results, which find excellent confirmation in numerical simulations, provide a
new benchmark test for general formalisms with which to study unrealizable
learning processes with restricted training sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148160 </DOCNO>
Projectors for the fuzzy sphere


  All fiber bundle with a given set of characteristic classes are viewable as
particular projections of a more general bundle called a universal classifying
space. This notion of projector valued field, a global definition of
connections and gauge fields, can be useful to define vector bundles for non
commutative base spaces. In this paper we derive the projector valued field for
the fuzzy sphere, defining non-commutative n-monopole configurations, and check
that in the classical limit, using the machinery of non-commutative geometry,
the corresponding topological charges (Chern class) are integers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126675 </DOCNO>
The X-ray emission of the Intermediate Polar V709 Cas


  We present RXTE and BeppoSAX observations of the Intermediate Polar V709 Cas
acquired in 1997 and 1998 respectively. The X-ray emission from 0.1 to 30keV is
dominated by the strong pulsation at the rotational period of the white dwarf
(312.8s) with no sign of orbital or sideband periodicity, thus confirming
previous ROSAT results. However, we detect changes in the power spectra between
the two epochs. While the second harmonic of the spin period is present during
both observations, the first harmonic is absent in 1997. An increase in the
amplitude of the spin pulsation is found between 1997 and 1998 together with a
decrease in the X-ray flux. The average X-ray spectrum from 0.1 to 100keV is
well described by an isothermal plasma at ~27keV plus complex absorption and an
iron K(alpha) fluorescent line, due to reflection from the white dwarf surface.
The rotational pulsation is compatible with complex absorption dominating the
low energy range, while the high energy spin modulation can be attributed to
tall shocks above the accreting poles. The RXTE spectrum in 1997 also shows the
presence of an absorption edge from ionized iron likely located in the
pre-shock accretion flow. The variations along the spin period of the partial
covering absorber and of reflection are compatible with the classical accretion
curtain scenario. The variations in the spin pulse characteristics and X-ray
flux indicate that V709 Cas experiences changes in the mass accretion rate on
timescales from months to years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127150 </DOCNO>
A Million Element Integral Field Unit (MEIFU)


  We describe an instrument concept that will provide simultaneous spectra for
a million spatial samples on the sky. With the proposed field of view and
spectral resolution, it will be able to measure redshifts and line strengths
for around 2-4000 z~3-7 galaxies in a 16 night campaign. The main science
driver is to obtain a complete census of the star formation properties of
galaxies with 2.5<z<6.7 as a function of luminosity, environment, morphology
and redshift. This survey will also allow us to study the evolution of the 3
dimensional power spectrum and test the connection between these early galaxies
and the large scale structure of the Lyman Alpha forest. Additional science
drivers include [OII] emitters with 0.13<z<1.52, abundance gradients in nearby
galaxies, searches for planetary nebulae in nearby galaxy groups and clusters,
lensed emission line objects, and spectroscopic searches for objects with
continuum breaks. We expect that this instrument will make an ideal partner to
the HST ACS, where ACS morphology and broadband colour information can
complement the MEIFU spectroscopy and help remove any degeneracies in line
identification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81037 </DOCNO>
How to calculate the bubble nucleation rate in first order transitions


  We present a new method for calculating the bubble nucleation rate in first
order phase transitions non-perturbatively on the lattice. The method takes
into account all fluctuations and the full dynamical pre-factor. We also
present results from applying it to the cubic anisotropy model, which has a
radiatively induced, strongly first order phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83748 </DOCNO>
Introduction to the CoNLL-2001 Shared Task: Clause Identification


  We describe the CoNLL-2001 shared task: dividing text into clauses. We give
background information on the data sets, present a general overview of the
systems that have taken part in the shared task and briefly discuss their
performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95823 </DOCNO>
The gluing construction for normally generic J-holomorphic curves


  Under an assumption of normal genericity, we show that a stable J-holomorphic
curve has, in the space of homologous curves of the same genus, a locally
Euclidean neighbourhood of the expected dimension given by Riemann-Roch. In
dimension 4, the normal genericity condition is satisfied in by every curve in
CP2 (for an almost complex structure homotopic with the standard one) which has
only nodes as singularities. This leads in particular to a solution of the
symplectic isotopy problem for surfaces of degree 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2570 </DOCNO>
Classification of Conformal Field Theories Based on Coulomb gases.


  We present a method for classifying conformal field theories based on Coulomb
gases (bosonic free-field construction). Given a particular geometric
configuration of the screening charges, we give necessary conditions for the
existence of degenerate representations and for the closure of the
vertex-operator algebra. The resulting classification contains, but is more
general than, the standard one based on classical Lie algebras. We then apply
the method to the Coulomb gas theory for the two-flavoured loop model of
Jacobsen and Kondev. The purpose of the study is to clarify the relation
between Coulomb gas models and conformal field theories with extended
symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76713 </DOCNO>
Strangeness and charm signatures in A+A collisions


  Two signatures of the quark-gluon plasma - strangeness `enhancement' and
J/psi `suppression' - in nucleus-nucleus collisions are critically discussed. A
recently developed statistical coalescence model for J/\psi production is
presented. The measurements at the RHIC energies are crucial for disentangling
the different scenarios of J/\psi formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6389 </DOCNO>
Femtosecond data storage, processing and search using collective


  An ultrafast paralell data processor is described in which amplitude mode
excitations of a charge density wave (CDW) are used to encode data on the
surface of a 1-T TaS_2 crystal. The data are written, manipulated and read
using parallel femtosecond laser pulse beams, and the operation of a database
search algorithm is demonstrated on a 2-element array.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86189 </DOCNO>
Three Dimensional Gravity in the Presence of Scalar Fields


  We study a scalar field in curved space in three dimensions. We obtain a
static perturbative solution and show that this solution satisfies the exact
equations in the asymptotic region at infinity. The new solution gives rise to
a singularity in the curvature scalar at the origin. Our solution, however,
necessitates the excising the region near the origin, thus this naked
singularity is avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85806 </DOCNO>
Strongly Coupled CFT in FRW Universe from AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We develop a formalism to calculate the effective action of the strongly
coupled conformal field theory (CFT) in curved spacetime. The effective action
of the CFT is obtained from AdS/CFT correspondence. The anti de-Sitter (AdS)
spacetime has various slicing which give various curved spacetime on its
boundary. We show the de Sitter spacetime and the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker
(FRW) universe can be embedded in the AdS spacetime and derive the scalar
two-point function of the conformal fields in those spacetime. In curved
spacetime, the two-point function depends on the vacuum state of the CFT. A
method to specify the vacuum state in AdS/CFT calculations is shown. Because
the classical action in AdS spacetime diverges near the boundary, we need the
counter terms to regulate the result. The simple derivation of the counter
terms using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is also presented in the appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125571 </DOCNO>
On the Distribution of Haloes, Galaxies and Mass


  The stochasticity in the distribution of dark haloes in the cosmic density
field is reflected in the distribution function $P_V(N_h|\delta_m)$ which gives
the probability of finding $N_h$ haloes in a volume $V$ with mass density
contrast $\delta_m$. We study the properties of this function using
high-resolution $N$-body simulations, and find that $P_V(N_n|\delta_m)$ is
significantly non-Poisson. The ratio between the variance and the mean goes
from $\sim 1$ (Poisson) at $1+\delta_m\ll 1$ to $<1$ (sub-Poisson) at
$1+\delta_m\sim 1$ to $>1$ (super-Poisson) at $1+\delta_m\gg 1$. The mean bias
relation is found to be well described by halo bias models based on the
Press-Schechter formalism. The sub-Poisson variance can be explained as a
result of halo-exclusion while the super-Poisson variance at high $\delta_m$
may be explained as a result of halo clustering. A simple phenomenological
model is proposed to describe the behavior of the variance as a function of
$\delta_m$. Galaxy distribution in the cosmic density field predicted by
semi-analytic models of galaxy formation shows similar stochastic behavior. We
discuss the implications of the stochasticity in halo bias to the modelling of
higher-order moments of dark haloes and of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 946 </DOCNO>
Canted phase in double quantum dots


  We perform a Hartree-Fock calculation in order to describe the ground state
of a vertical double quantum dot in the absence of magnetic fields parallel to
the growth direction. Intra- and interdot exchange interactions determine the
singlet or triplet character of the system as the tunneling is tuned. At finite
Zeeman splittings due to in-plane magnetic fields, we observe the continuous
quantum phase transition from ferromagnetic to symmetric phase through a canted
antiferromagnetic state. The latter is obtained even at zero Zeeman energy for
an odd electron number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41564 </DOCNO>
Results from the K2K Long--Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment


  The K2K Long--Baseline neutrino oscillation experiment has been aquiring data
since mid-1999 and has analysed those up to March of 2001. Forty-four fully
contained events are observedin the fiducial volume of the far detector where
$64^{+6.1}_{-6.6}$ are expected based partly on measurements near the beam
production point. There is virtually no background for the contained event
search. The methods established in this experiment are crucial for operation of
future similar experiments to probe the nature of mixing in the neutral lepton
sector, a necessary step in understanding the nature of family structure and of
mass itself. A brief history and a few notes about the future and direction of
the field precede the description of the experiment and its results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98578 </DOCNO>
Constructive Algebraic Topology


  The classical ``computation'' methods in Algebraic Topology most often work
by means of highly infinite objects and in fact +are_not+ constructive. Typical
examples are shown to describe the nature of the problem. The Rubio-Sergeraert
solution for Constructive Algebraic Topology is recalled. This is not only a
theoretical solution: the concrete computer program +Kenzo+ has been written
down which precisely follows this method. This program has been used in various
cases, opening new research subjects and producing in several cases significant
results unreachable by hand. In particular the Kenzo program can compute the
first homotopy groups of a simply connected +arbitrary+ simplicial set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128838 </DOCNO>
Properties of a spectroscopically selected CV sample


  We have initiated a dedicated search for new CVs, selecting candidates on the
base of their spectroscopic properties in the Hamburg Quasar Survey (HQS),
which lead up to now to the identification of 50 new CVs and a dozen good
candidates. Using the HQS data of the previously known CVs for extensive tests
of our selection scheme, we demonstrate that our survey should be very
efficient in finding short period systems as long as they have emission lines
with equivalent widths >=10 A. So far, orbital periods have been measured for
15 of the new CVs, with the surprising result that only two systems lie at or
below the lower boundary of the period gap. This - somewhat preliminary -
result is in uncomfortable disagreement with the predictions of the standard
scenario of CV evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1549 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure and magnetism in slightly doped SrB_6


  Spin-polarized band calculations for supercells of SrB$_{6}$, where a La-,
In- or Al- impurity or a vacancy is replacing one Sr, are performed within the
local spin density approximation. Moderately large cells with 8 formula units
(56 atoms) are studied for all dopings and large ones with 27 formula units
(189 atoms) for the case of La-doping. The undoped system has a vanishing
density-of-states (DOS) at the Fermi energy (E$_F$), while the additional La-d
band makes E$_F$ to enter the bands above the gap. An Al (or In) impurity has
the opposite effect, with a rigid-band like shift of E_F to below the gap. In
the former case, the addition of a d-electron makes a local, impurity-like
modification of the electronic structure close to the La atom. As has been
shown in a previous publication, it can lead to a weak ferromagnetic state.
This result is shown to persist at even lower doping, by the 189-atom cell
calculations, with a moment of the order 0.1 $\mu_B$ per La impurity. An
addition of a p-electron, by an In-impurity, makes no similar effect. The
magnetic state can be understood from a charge transfer and an additional gain
in potential energy, as a spin-splitting is imposed. Different models with
modified localization of the La-band are made in order to show the correlation
between charge transfer and the size of the magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2666 </DOCNO>
Wigner Crystallization of a two dimensional electron gas in a magnetic


  The ground state energy and the lowest excitations of a two dimensional
Wigner crystal in a perpendicular magnetic field with one and two electrons per
cell is investigated. In case of two electrons per lattice site, the
interaction of the electrons {\em within} each cell is taken into account
exactly (including exchange and correlation effects), and the interaction {\em
between} the cells is in second order (dipole) van der Waals approximation. No
further approximations are made, in particular Landau level mixing and {\em
in}complete spin polarization are accounted for. Therefore, our calculation
comprises a, roughly speaking, complementary description of the bubble phase
(in the special case of one and two electrons per bubble), which was proposed
by Koulakov, Fogler and Shklovskii on the basis of a Hartree Fock calculation.
The phase diagram shows that in GaAs the paired phase is energetically more
favorable than the single electron phase for, roughly speaking, filling factor
$f$ larger than 0.3 and density parameter $r_s$ smaller than 19 effective Bohr
radii (for a more precise statement see Fig.s 4 and 5). If we start within the
paired phase and increase magnetic field or decrease density, the pairs first
undergo some singlet- triplet transitions before they break.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83819 </DOCNO>
Learning class-to-class selectional preferences


  Selectional preference learning methods have usually focused on word-to-class
relations, e.g., a verb selects as its subject a given nominal class. This
papers extends previous statistical models to class-to-class preferences, and
presents a model that learns selectional preferences for classes of verbs. The
motivation is twofold: different senses of a verb may have different
preferences, and some classes of verbs can share preferences. The model is
tested on a word sense disambiguation task which uses subject-verb and
object-verb relationships extracted from a small sense-disambiguated corpus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76061 </DOCNO>
Quark number susceptibilities from lattice QCD


  Results from our recent investigations of quark number susceptibilities in
both quenched and 2-flavour QCD are presented as a function of valence quark
mass and temperature. A strong reduction (~40%) is seen in the strange quark
susceptibility above Tc in both cases. A comparison of our isospin
susceptibility results with the corresponding weak coupling expansion reveals
once again the non-perturbative nature of the plasma up to 3 Tc. Evidence
relating the susceptibility to another non-perturbative phenomena, pionic
screening lengths, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6388 </DOCNO>
Criticality and oscillatory behavior in non-Markovian Contact Process


  A Non-Markovian generalization of one-dimensional Contact Process (CP) is
being introduced in which every particle has an age and will be annihilated at
its maximum age $\tau$. There is an absorbing state phase transition which is
controlled by this parameter. The model can demonstrate oscillatory behavior in
its approach to the stationary state. These oscillations are also present in
the mean-field approximation which is a first-order differential equation with
time-delay. Studying dynamical critical exponents suggests that the model
belongs to the DP universlity class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98500 </DOCNO>
Topology of spaces of hyperbolic polynomials and combinatorics of


  In this paper we study the topology of the strata, indexed by number
partitions $\lambda$, in the natural stratification of the space of monic
hyperbolic polynomials of degree $n$. We prove stabilization theorems for
removing an independent block or an independent relation in $\lambda$. We also
prove contractibility of the one-point compactifications of the strata indexed
by a large class of number partitions, including $\lambda=(k^m,1^r)$, for
$m\geq 2$. Furthermore, we study the maps between the homology groups of the
strata, induced by imposing additional relations (resonances) on the number
partition $\lambda$, or by merging some of the blocks of $\lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128861 </DOCNO>
Formation and Fragmentation of Gaseous Spurs in Spiral Galaxies


  Intermediate-scale spurs are common in spiral galaxies, but perhaps most
distinctively evident in a recent HST image of M51 (Scoville & Rector 2001). We
investigate, using time-dependent numerical MHD simulations, how such spurs
could form (and subsequently fragment) from the interaction of a gaseous ISM
with a stellar spiral arm. We model the gaseous medium as a self-gravitating,
magnetized, differentially-rotating, razor-thin disk. The basic flow shocks and
compresses as it passes through a local segment of a tightly-wound, trailing
stellar spiral arm, modeled as a rigidly-rotating gravitational potential. We
first construct 1D profiles for flows with spiral shocks. When the post-shock
Toomre parameter Q_sp is sufficiently small, self-gravity is too large for
one-dimensional steady solutions to exist. The critical values of Q_sp are 0.8,
0.5, and 0.4 for our models with zero, sub-equipartition, and equipartition
magnetic fields, respectively. We then study the growth of self-gravitating
perturbations in fully 2D flows, and find that spur-like structures rapidly
emerge in our magnetized models. We associate this gravitational instability
with the magneto-Jeans mechanism, in which magnetic tension forces oppose the
Coriolis forces. The shearing and expanding velocity field shapes the condensed
material into spurs as it flows downstream from the arms. Although we find
swing amplification can help form spurs when the arm-interarm contrast is
moderate, unmagnetized systems that are quasi-axisymmetrically stable are
generally also stable to nonaxisymmetric perturbations, suggesting that
magnetic effects are essential. In nonlinear stages, the spurs in our models
undergo fragmentation to form 4\times 10^6 solar mass clumps, which we suggest
could evolve into bright arm/interarm HII regions as seen in spiral galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83796 </DOCNO>
On Properties of Update Sequences Based on Causal Rejection


  We consider an approach to update nonmonotonic knowledge bases represented as
extended logic programs under answer set semantics. New information is
incorporated into the current knowledge base subject to a causal rejection
principle enforcing that, in case of conflicts, more recent rules are preferred
and older rules are overridden. Such a rejection principle is also exploited in
other approaches to update logic programs, e.g., in dynamic logic programming
by Alferes et al. We give a thorough analysis of properties of our approach, to
get a better understanding of the causal rejection principle. We review
postulates for update and revision operators from the area of theory change and
nonmonotonic reasoning, and some new properties are considered as well. We then
consider refinements of our semantics which incorporate a notion of minimality
of change. As well, we investigate the relationship to other approaches,
showing that our approach is semantically equivalent to inheritance programs by
Buccafurri et al. and that it coincides with certain classes of dynamic logic
programs, for which we provide characterizations in terms of graph conditions.
Therefore, most of our results about properties of causal rejection principle
apply to these approaches as well. Finally, we deal with computational
complexity of our approach, and outline how the update semantics and its
refinements can be implemented on top of existing logic programming engines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125923 </DOCNO>
Wide-band X-ray variability of GRS 1915+105 observed with BeppoSAX


  The Galactic Microquasar GRS 1915+105 was observed by the Narrow Field
Instruments onboard BeppoSAX in two pointings during year 2000. We present the
preliminary results of wide-band study of the observed variability, carried out
also with the wavelet analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2826 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram and optical conductivity of the one-dimensional spinless


  The effects of quantum lattice fluctuations on the Peierls transition and the
optical conductivity in the one-dimensional Holstein model of spinless fermions
have been studied by developing an analytical approach, based on the unitary
transformation method. We show that when the electron-phonon coupling constant
decreases to a finite critical value the Peierls dimerization is destroyed by
the quantum lattice fluctuations. The dimerization gap is much more reduced by
the quantum lattice fluctuations than the phonon order parameter. The
calculated optical conductivity does not have the inverse-square-root
singularity but have a peak above the gap edge and there exists a significant
tail below the peak. The peak of optical-conductivity spectrum is not directly
corresponding to the dimerized gap. Our results of the phase diagram and the
spectral-weight function agree with those of the density matrix renormalization
group and the exact diagonalization methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96186 </DOCNO>
Homotopy K3's with several symplectic structures


  In this note we prove that, for any integer n, there exist a smooth
4-manifold, homotopic to a K3 surface, defined by applying the link surgery
method of Fintushel-Stern to a certain 2-component graph link, which admits n
inequivalent symplectic structures Keywords: Symplectic topology of
4-manifolds; Seiberg-Witten theory

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74168 </DOCNO>
Photon Self-Energy in a Color Superconductor


  In a color superconductor the diquark condensates break spontaneously both
the color and ordinary electromagnetism, leaving a remanining rotated U(1)
symmetry unbroken. The gauge interactions associated to this rotated symmetry
may be considered as the in-medium electromagnetism. We compute the in-medium
photon self-energy in the presence of diquark condensates at high baryonic
density and weak coupling. This is done to one-loop order for the cases of two
and three quark flavors. For vanishing temperature, a detailed discussion is
given of the low momentum behavior of the photon polarization tensor. A simple
physical picture for the propagation of light in color superconducting media is
obtained. The main new effect is due to the diquark condensates, which lead to
a strong dielectric constant of the medium. The magnetic permeability remains
unchanged, because the primary condensates have vanishing spin and angular
momentum. In the two flavor case, an additional contribution arises due to
gapless quarks and electrons, which is responsible for Debye screening effects.
We also discuss the low energy effective theory for the three flavor case in
the presence of electromagnetic interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1506 </DOCNO>
Free Random Levy Variables and Financial Probabilities


  We suggest that Free Random Variables, represented here by large random
matrices with spectral Levy disorder, may be relevant for several problems
related to the modeling of financial systems. In particular, we consider a
financial covariance matrix composed of asymmetric and free random Levy
matrices. We derive an algebraic equation for the resolvent and solve it to
extract the spectral density. The free eigenvalue spectrum is in remarkable
agreement with the one obtained from the covariance matrix of the SP500
financial market.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72926 </DOCNO>
Precision prediction of gauge couplings and the profile of a string


  We estimate the significance of the prediction for the gauge couplings in the
MSSM with an underlying unification. The correlation between the couplings
covers only (0.2-2)% of the a priori reasonable region of the parameter space,
while the prediction for $\sin ^{2}\theta_{W}$ is accurate to 1.3%. Given that
agreement with experiment to such precision is unlikely to be fortuitous, we
discuss the profile of a string theory capable of preserving this level of
accuracy. We argue that models with a low scale of unification involving power
law running in the gauge couplings do not. Even theories with a high scale of
unification are strongly constrained, requiring the compactification scale of
new space dimensions in which states transforming under the Standard Model
propagate to be very close to the string cut-off scale. As a result {\it no}
new space dimensions can be larger than $10^{-14}fm.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3245 </DOCNO>
The two-dimensional random-bond Ising model, free fermions and the


  We develop a recently-proposed mapping of the two-dimensional Ising model
with random exchange (RBIM), via the transfer matrix, to a network model for a
disordered system of non-interacting fermions. The RBIM transforms in this way
to a localisation problem belonging to one of a set of non-standard symmetry
classes, known as class D; the transition between paramagnet and ferromagnet is
equivalent to a delocalisation transition between an insulator and a quantum
Hall conductor. We establish the mapping as an exact and efficient tool for
numerical analysis: using it, the computational effort required to study a
system of width $M$ is proportional to $M^{3}$, and not exponential in $M$ as
with conventional algorithms. We show how the approach may be used to calculate
for the RBIM: the free energy; typical correlation lengths in quasi-one
dimension for both the spin and the disorder operators; even powers of
spin-spin correlation functions and their disorder-averages. We examine in
detail the square-lattice, nearest-neighbour $\pm J$ RBIM, in which bonds are
independently antiferromagnetic with probability $p$, and ferromagnetic with
probability $1-p$. Studying temperatures $T\geq 0.4J$, we obtain precise
coordinates in the $p-T$ plane for points on the phase boundary between
ferromagnet and paramagnet, and for the multicritical (Nishimori) point. We
demonstrate scaling flow towards the pure Ising fixed point at small $p$, and
determine critical exponents at the multicritical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168587 </DOCNO>
Typical entanglement in multi-qubit systems


  Quantum entanglement and its paradoxical properties hold the key to an
information processing revolution. Much attention has focused recently on the
challenging problem of characterizing entanglement. Entanglement for a two
qubit system is reasonably well understood, however, the nature and properties
of multiple qubit systems are largely unexplored. Motivated by the importance
of such systems in quantum computing, we show that typical pure states of N
qubits are highly entangled but have decreasing amounts of pairwise
entanglement (measured using the Wootter's concurrence formula) as N increases.
Above six qubits very few states have any pairwise entanglement, and generally,
for a typical pure state of N qubits there is a sharp cut-off where its
subsystems of size m become PPT (positive partial transpose i.e., separable or
only bound entangled) around N >~ 2m + 3, based on numerical analysis up to
N=13.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95741 </DOCNO>
Differentiable cyclic cohomology and Hopf algebraic structures in


  We prove a cyclic cohomological analogue of Haefliger's van Est-type theorem
for the groupoid of germs of diffeomorphisms of a manifold. The differentiable
version of cyclic cohomology is associated to the algebra of transverse
differential operators on that groupoid, which is shown to carry an intrinsic
Hopf algebraic structure. We establish a canonical isomorphism between the
periodic Hopf cyclic cohomology of this extended Hopf algebra and the
Gelfand-Fuchs cohomology of the Lie algebra of formal vector fields. We then
show that this isomorphism can be explicitly implemented at the cochain level,
by a cochain map constructed out of a fixed torsion-free linear connection.
This allows the direct treatment of the index formula for the hypoelliptic
signature operator - representing the diffeomorphism invariant transverse
fundamental $K$-homology class of an oriented manifold - in the general case,
when this operator is constructed by means of an arbitrary coupling connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7215 </DOCNO>
Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy of electron resonators


  The electronic structure of artificial Mn atom arrays on Ag(111) is
characterized in detail with scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and spectroscopic
imaging at low temperature. We demonstrate the degree to which variations in
geometry may be used to control spatial and spectral distributions of surface
state electrons confined within the arrays, how these are influenced by atoms
placed within the structure and how the ability to induce spectral features at
specific energies may be exploited through lineshape analyses to deduce
quasiparticle lifetimes near the Fermi level. Through extensive comparison of
$dI/dV$ maps and spectra we demonstrate the utility of a model based upon
two-dimensional s-wave scatterers for describing and predicting the
characteristics of specific resonators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2692 </DOCNO>
Current magnification effect in mesoscopic systems at equilibrium


  We study the current magnification effect and associated circulating currents
in mesoscopic systems at equilibrium. Earlier studies have revealed that in the
presence of transport current(non-equilibrium situation), circulating currents
can flow in a ring even in the absence of magnetic field. This was attributed
to current magnification which is quantum mechanical in origin. We have shown
that the same effect can be obtained in equilibrium systems, however, in the
presence of magnetic flux. For this we have considered an one-dimensional open
mesoscopic ring connected to a bubble, and the system is in contact with a
single reservoir. We have considered a special case where bubble does not
enclose magnetic flux, yet circulating currents can flow in it due to current
magnification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123912 </DOCNO>
Thermal stability of self-gravitating, optically thin accretion disks


  In the dynamics of accretion disks, the presence of collective effects
associated with the self-gravity of the disk is expected to affect not only the
momentum transport, but also the relevant energy balance equations, which could
differ substantially from the non-self-gravitating case. Here we follow the
picture that, when the disk is sufficiently cold, the stirring due to
Jeans-related instabilities acts as a source of effective heating. The
corresponding reformulation of the energy equations allows us to: ({\it i})
demonstrate how self-regulation can be established, so that the stability
parameter $Q$ is maintained close to a threshold value, with weak dependence on
radius; ({\it ii}) rediscuss the opacity properties in the self-gravitating
regime. In particular, we show that, if cooling is dominated by {\it
bremsstrahlung}, an optically thin stationary accretion solution is thermally
stable, even in the non-advective case, provided the disk is self-gravitating.
The details of the cooling function have little effect on the structure of such
accretion disk, which is in any case brought by self-gravity to self-regulate.
This condition of self-gravitating accretion is expected to be appropriate for
the outer regions of many disks of astrophysical interest. With the
reformulation of the energy equations described in this paper we have also
secured: ({\it iii}) a starting point for the study of the emission properties
of self-gravitating accretion disks; ({\it iv}) a tool to analyze the structure
of the transition region, where the disk becomes self-gravitating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73785 </DOCNO>
Coherence Phenomena in Charmonium Production off Nuclei at the Energies


  In the energy range of RHIC and LHC the mechanisms of nuclear suppression of
charmonia are expected to be strikingly different from what is known for the
energy of the SPS. One cannot think any more of charmonium produced on a bound
nucleon which then attenuates as it passes through the rest of the nucleus. The
coherence length of charmonium production substantially exceeds the nuclear
radius in the new energy range. Therefore the production amplitudes on
different nucleons, rather than the cross sections, add up and interfere, i.e.
shadowing is at work. So far no theoretical tool has been available to
calculate nuclear effects for charmonium production in this energy regime. We
develop a light-cone Green function formalism which incorporates the effects of
the coherence of the production amplitudes and of charmonium wave function
formation, and is the central result of this paper. We found a substantial
deviation from QCD factorization, namely, gluon shadowing is much stronger for
charmonium production than it is in DIS. We predict for nuclear effects $x_2$
scaling which is violated at lower energies by initial state energy loss which
must be also included in order to compare with available data. In this paper
only the indirect J/Psi originating from decay of P-wave charmonia are
considered. The calculated x_F-dependence of J/Psi nuclear suppression is in a
good accord with data. We predict a dramatic variation of nuclear suppression
with x_F in pA and a peculiar peak at x_F=0 in AA collisions at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127146 </DOCNO>
A Shock-Induced Pair of Superbubbles in the High-Redshift Powerful Radio


  We present new optical spectroscopy of the high-redshift powerful radio
galaxy MRC 0406$-$244 at redshift of 2.429. We find that the two extensions
toward NW and SE probed in the rest-frame ultraviolet image are heated mainly
by the nonthermal continuum of the active galactic nucleus. However, each
extension shows a shell-like morphology, suggesting that they are a pair of
superbubbles induced by the superwind activity rather than by the interaction
between the radio jet and the ambient gas clouds. If this is the case, the
intense starburst responsible for the formation of superbubbles could occur
$\sim 1 \times 10^9$ yr ago. On the other hand, the age of the radio jets may
be of the order of $\sim 10^6$ yr, being much shorter than the starburst age.
Therefore, the two events, i.e., the starburst and the radio-jet activities,
are independent phenomena. However, their directions of the expanding motions
could be governed by the rotational motion of the gaseous component in the host
galaxy. This idea appears to explain the alignment effect of MRC 0406$-$244.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169116 </DOCNO>
Correlation experiments in nonlinear quantum mechanics


  We show how one can compute multiple-time multi-particle correlation
functions in nonlinear quantum mechanics (NLQM) in a way which guarantees
locality of the formalism. On this basis we derive a version of the projection
postulate which is appropriate for correlation experiments in NLQM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123502 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts: Afterglows and Central Engines


  Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are most intense transient gamma-ray events in the
sky when they are on together with the strong evidences (i.e. the isotropic and
inhomogeneous distribution of GRBs detected by BASTE) that they are located at
cosmological distances, which make them the most energetic events ever known.
For example, the observed radiation energies of some GRBs are equivalent to
convert more than one solar mass energy into radiation completely. This is
thousand times stronger than that of supernova explosion. Unconventional energy
mechanisms and extremely high conversion efficiency for these mysterious events
are required. The discovery of host galaxies and association with supernovae in
the cosmological distances by the recently launched satellite of BeppoSAX and
ground based radio and optical telescopes in GRB afterglow provides further
support to the cosmological origin of GRBs and put strong constraints on
central engines of GRBs. It is the aim of this article to review the possible
central engines, energy mechanisms, dynamical and spectral evolution of GRBs,
especially focusing on the afterglows in multi-wavebands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75053 </DOCNO>
Meson propagators in spontaneously broken gauge theories


  Contrary to common belief, the longitudinal vector meson and scalar meson
propagators have very different forms in spontaneously broken gauge theories.
We choose the Abelian-Higgs model as an example and show that the longitudinal
vector meson and scalar meson propagators have double poles by an extensive use
of the Ward-Takahashi identities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127492 </DOCNO>
Inclusion of turbulence in solar modeling


  The general consensus is that in order to reproduce the observed solar p-mode
oscillation frequencies, turbulence should be included in solar models.
However, until now there has not been any well-tested efficient method to
incorporate turbulence into solar modeling. We present here two methods to
include turbulence in solar modeling within the framework of the mixing length
theory, using the turbulent velocity obtained from numerical simulations of the
highly superadiabatic layer of the sun at three stages of its evolution. The
first approach is to include the turbulent pressure alone, and the second is to
include both the turbulent pressure and the turbulent kinetic energy. The
latter is achieved by introducing two variables: the turbulent kinetic energy
per unit mass, and the effective ratio of specific heats due to the turbulent
perturbation. These are treated as additions to the standard thermodynamic
coordinates (e.g. pressure and temperature). We investigate the effects of both
treatments of turbulence on the structure variables, the adiabatic sound speed,
the structure of the highly superadiabatic layer, and the p-mode frequencies.
We find that the second method reproduces the SAL structure obtained in 3D
simulations, and produces a p-mode frequency correction an order of magnitude
better than the first method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76284 </DOCNO>
Measuring Absolute Branching Ratios of Charmed Baryons in $B$ Decays


  The $B$ factories are expected to provide huge samples of single $B$ decay
events with little background by reconstructing one of the $B$ mesons produced
in $\Upsilon (4S)$ decays. This represents a new experimental paradigm: such
samples will allow to make measurements of a quality previously thought
unrealistic. As example we discuss how absolute branching ratios for exclusive
as well as inclusive charm baryon decays can be extracted. One starts out by
observing decays like $B^- \to \bar p X$ as a signature for $B^- \to \Lambda _c
\bar p X$ etc. and then exploits various correlations of the flavour of the $B$
meson with the baryon number of the (anti)proton and other observables like the
charge of a lepton, baryon number of another baryon etc. An integrated
luminosity of about 500 $fb^{-1}$ as could be available by 2005 should be
sufficient for the task.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128002 </DOCNO>
The Origin of Spatial Intermittency in the Galaxy Distribution


  The dynamical equations describing the evolution of a self-gravitating fluid
can be rewritten in the form of a Schrodinger equation coupled to a Poisson
equation determining the gravitational potential. This approach has a number of
interesting features, many of which were pointed out in a seminal paper by
Widrow & Kaiser (1993). In particular we show that this approach yields an
elegant reformulation of an idea due to Jones (1999) concerning the origin of
lognormal intermittency in the galaxy distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75924 </DOCNO>
Hubble-induced radiative corrections and Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis


  We examine the viability of the Affleck-Dine mechanism for baryogenesis under
radiatively induced running of soft breaking $({\rm mass})^2$ of the flat
directions stemming from non-zero energy density of the inflaton during
inflation. A major difference from analogous phenomenological studies is that
the horizon radius provides a natural infrared cut-off to the quantum
corrections in this case. We identify different scenarios which may arise and
point out that the $H_{u}L$ flat direction remains the most promising flat
direction, since it is largely independent of uncertainties about high scale
physics and details of the inflationary model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128377 </DOCNO>
Molecular Gas Around Young Stellar Clusters


  We have begun a survey of the molecular gas surrounding 31 young clusters in
order to investigate the link between environment and the resulting cluster. We
present here a preliminary comparison of two clusters in our sample: GGD12-15
and Mon R2. Since both clusters are located in the MonR2 molecular cloud at a
distance of 830 pc, observational biases due to differing sensitivities and
angular resolutions are avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125298 </DOCNO>
A meta-analysis of cosmic star-formation history


  A meta-analysis is performed of the literature on evolution in cosmic
star-formation rate density from redshift unity to the present day. The
measurements are extremely diverse, including radio, infrared, and ultraviolet
broad-band photometric indicators, and visible and near-ultraviolet
line-emission indicators. Although there is large scatter among indicators at
any given redshift, virtually all studies find a significant decrease from
redshift unity to the present day. This is the most heterogeneously confirmed
result in the study of galaxy evolution. When comoving star-formation rate
density is treated as being proportional to $(1+z)^{\beta}$, the meta-analysis
gives a best-fit exponent and conservative confidence interval of $\beta=
3.1\pm 0.7$ in a world model with $(\Omega_M,\Omega_{\Lambda})=(0.3,0.7)$ and
$\beta= 3.8\pm 0.8$ in $(\Omega_M,\Omega_{\Lambda})=(1.0,0.0)$. In either case
these evolutionary trends are strong enough that the bulk of the stellar mass
at the present day ought to be in old ($>6 Gyr$) populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4290 </DOCNO>
Slow Two-Level Systems in Metallic Point contacts


  A great variety of experiments, like heat release measurements, acoustic
measurements, and transport measurements on mesoscopic samples have proved that
two level systems (TLSs) have a crucial role in the low temperature thermal and
electric properties of disordered systems. This paper is aimed at reviewing the
role of slow two level systems in point contacts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73610 </DOCNO>
Conformal window and Landau singularities


  A physical characterization of Landau singularities is emphasized, which
should trace the lower boundary N_f^* of the conformal window in QCD and
supersymmetric QCD. A natural way to disentangle ``perturbative'' from
 ``non-perturbative'' contributions below N_f^* is suggested. Assuming an
infrared fixed point is present in the perturbative part of the QCD coupling
even in some range below N_f^* leads to the condition gamma(N_f^*)=1, where
gamma is the critical exponent. This result is incompatible with the existence
of an analogue of Seiberg free dual magnetic phase in QCD. Using the Banks-Zaks
expansion, one gets
 4<N_f^*<6. The low value of N_f^* gives some justification to the infrared
finite coupling approach to power corrections, and suggests a way to compute
their normalization from perturbative input. If the perturbative series are
still asymptotic in the negative coupling region, the presence of a negative
ultraviolet fixed point is required both in QCD and in supersymmetric QCD to
preserve causality within the conformal window. Some evidence for such a fixed
point in QCD is provided through a modified Banks-Zaks expansion. Conformal
window amplitudes, which contain power contributions, are shown to remain
generically finite in the N_f=-\infty one-loop limit in simple models with
infrared finite perturbative coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83950 </DOCNO>
Practical Aspects for a Working Compile Time Garbage Collection System


  Compile-time garbage collection (CTGC) is still a very uncommon feature
within compilers. In previous work we have developed a compile-time structure
reuse system for Mercury, a logic programming language. This system indicates
which datastructures can safely be reused at run-time. As preliminary
experiments were promising, we have continued this work and have now a working
and well performing near-to-ship CTGC-system built into the Melbourne Mercury
Compiler (MMC).
  In this paper we present the multiple design decisions leading to this
system, we report the results of using CTGC for a set of benchmarks, including
a real-world program, and finally we discuss further possible improvements.
Benchmarks show substantial memory savings and a noticeable reduction in
execution time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74034 </DOCNO>
Anomalous dimension of non-singlet quark currents at O(1/Nf^2) in QCD


  We compute the O(1/Nf^2) corrections to the flavour non-singlet quark
bilinear currents in QCD in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. Hence, the
anomalous dimension of the QED current $\bar{\psi} \sigma^{\mu\nu} \psi$ is
deduced at four loops in the MSbar scheme up to one unknown parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86918 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium configurations in the dynamics of irrotational dust matter


  Irrotational dust solutions of Einstein's equations are suitable models to
describe the general-relativistic aspects of the gravitational instability
mechanism for the formation of cosmic structures. In this paper we study their
state space by considering the local initial-value problem formulated in the
covariant fluid approach. We consider a wide range of models, from homogeneous
and isotropic to highly inhomogeneous irrotational dust models, showing how
they constitute equilibrium configurations (invariant sets) of the dynamics.
Moreover, we give the characterization of such configurations, which provides
an initial-data characterization of the models under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6122 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo renormalization group study of the Heisenberg and XY


  With the help of the improved Monte Carlo renormalization-group scheme, we
numerically investigate the renormalization group flow of the antiferromagnetic
Heisenberg and XY spin model on the stacked triangular lattice (STA-model) and
its effective Hamiltonian, 2N-component chiral $\phi^4$ model which is used in
the field-theoretical studies. We find that the XY-STA model with the lattice
size $84\times 96 \times 84$ exhibits clear first-order behavior. We also find
that the renormalization-group flow of STA model is well reproduced by the
chiral $\phi^4$ model, and that there are no chiral fixed point of
renormalization-group flow for N=2 and 3 cases. This result indicates that the
Heisenberg-STA model also undergoes first-order transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86030 </DOCNO>
Trapped and excited w modes of stars with a phase transition and R>=5M


  The trapped $w$-modes of stars with a first order phase transition (a density
discontinuity) are computed and the excitation of some of the modes of these
stars by a perturbing shell is investigated. Attention is restricted to odd
parity (``axial'') $w$-modes. With $R$ the radius of the star, $M$ its mass,
$R_{i}$ the radius of the inner core and $M_{i}$ the mass of such core, it is
shown that stars with $R/M\geq 5$ can have several trapped $w$-modes, as long
as $R_{i}/M_{i}<2.6$. Excitation of the least damped $w$-mode is confirmed for
a few models. All of these stars can only exist however, for values of the
ratio between the densities of the two phases, greater than $\sim 46$. We also
show that stars with a phase transition and a given value of $R/M$ can have far
more trapped modes than a homogeneous single density star with the same value
of $R/M$, provided both $R/M$ and $R_{i}/M_{i}$ are smaller than 3. If the
phase transition is very fast, most of the stars with trapped modes are
unstable to radial oscillations. We compute the time of instability, and find
it to be comparable to the damping of the $w$-mode excited in most cases where
$w$-mode excitation is likely. If on the other hand the phase transition is
slow, all the stars are stable to radial oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126270 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Acceleration of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays in


  (Abridged) We have recently proposed that the ultra-high energy cosmic rays
(UHECRs) observed above the GZK limit could be mostly protons accelerated in
reconnection sites just above the magnetosphere of newborn millisecond pulsars
originated by accretion induced collapse (AIC-pulsars). Although the expected
rate of AIC sources in our own Galaxy is very small, our estimates have shown
that the observed total flux of UHECRs could be obtained from the integrated
contribution from AIC-pulsars of the whole distribution of galaxies located
within a distance which is unaffected by the GZK cutoff ($\sim 50 $ Mpc). We
presently examine the potential acceleration mechanisms in the magnetic
reconnection site and find that first-order Fermi acceleration cannot provide
sufficient efficiency (due to synchrotron losses). This leaves the one-shot
acceleration via an induced electric field within the reconnection region as
the only viable process for UHECR acceleration. We formulate the constraints on
both the magnetic field topology and strength in order to accelerate the
particles and allow them to freely escape from the system. Under fast
reconnection, we find that AIC-pulsars with surface B-fields $10^{12} $ G $< 
B_{\star} \lesssim $ $10^{15}$ G and spin periods 1 ms $\lesssim P_{\star}
< $ 60 ms, are able to accelerate particles to energies $\geq 10^{20} $ eV,
but the magnetic field just above the Alfv\'en surface must be predominantly
toroidal for the particles to be allowed to escape from the acceleration zone
without being deflected. Synchrotron losses bring potentially important
constraints on the B-field geometry of $any$ UHECR accelerators involving
compact sources with strong magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6650 </DOCNO>
Electron-phonon interaction in a two-subband quasi-2D system in a


  We predict a double-resonant feature in the magnetic field dependence of the
phonon-mediated mobility of a two-subband quasi-two-dimensional electron
system. These resonances take place when two Landau levels corresponding to
different size-quantized subbands are close to each other but do not coincide.
We also discuss the effect of non-equilibrium phonons. Rabi-like oscillations
of electron population and emission of the phonons at new frequencies are
predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114489 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of market indices, Markov chains, and random walking problem


  Dynamics of the major USA market indices DJIA, S&P, Nasdaq, and NYSE is
analyzed from the point of view of the random walking problem with two-step
correlations of the market moves. The parameters characterizing the stochastic
dynamics are determined empirically from the historical quotes for the daily,
weekly, and monthly series. The results show existence of statistically
significant correlations between the subsequent market moves. The weekly and
monthly parameters are calculated in terms of the daily parameters, assuming
that the Markov chains with two-step correlations give a complete description
of the market stochastic dynamics. We show that the macro- and micro-parameters
obey the renorm group equation. The comparison of the parameters determined
from the renorm group equation with the historical values shows that the Markov
chains approach gives reasonable predictions for the weekly quotes and
underestimates the probability for continuation of the down trend in the
monthly quotes. The return and its dispersion for the "buy-and-hold" and
"follow-trend" strategies are calculated. The problem of how to combine these
two strategies to reduce the dispersion is discussed and its analytical
solution is proposed. The results of the constructing a "computer-based"
strategy which combines the series analysis with the candlesticks charting
techniques are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128972 </DOCNO>
The Detection of Circumnuclear X-ray Emission from the Seyfert Galaxy


  We present the first high-resolution, X-ray image of the circumnuclear
regions of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3516, using the Chandra X-ray Observatory
(CXO). All three of the CXO observations reported were performed with one of
the two grating assemblies in place, and here we restrict our analysis to
undispersed photons (i.e. those detected in the zeroth-order). A
previously-unknown X-ray source is detected approx 6 arcsec (1.1 h_{75}^{-1}
kpc) NNE of the nucleus (position angle approx 29 degrees) which we designate
CXOU 110648.1+723412. Its spectrum can be characterized as a power law with a
photon index Gamma ~ 1.8--2.6, or as thermal emission with a temperature
kT~0.7--3 keV. Assuming a location within NGC 3516, isotropic emission implies
a luminosity L ~ 2--8e39 h_{75}^{-2} erg s^{-1} in the 0.4--2 keV band. If due
to a single point source, the object is super-Eddington for a 1.4 M_sun neutron
star. However, multiple sources or a small, extended source cannot be excluded
using the current data. Large-scale extended X-ray emission is also detected
out to ~10 arcsec (~1.7 h_{75}^{-1} kpc) from the nucleus to the NE and SW, and
is approximately aligned with the morphologies of the radio emission and
extended narrow emission line region (ENLR). The mean luminosity of this
emission is 1--5e37 h_{75}^{-2} erg s^{-1} arcsec^{-2}, in the 0.4--2 keV band.
Unfortunately the current data cannot usefully constrain its spectrum. These
results are consistent with earlier suggestions of circumnuclear X-ray emission
in NGC 3516. If the extended emission is due to scattering of the nuclear X-ray
continuum, then the pressure in the X-ray emitting gas is at least two orders
of magnitude too small to provide the confining medium for the ENLR clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3920 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Between Bose-Einstein Condensates


  For a Bose condensate in a double-well potential or with two
Josephson-coupled internal states, the condensate wavefunction is a
superposition. Here we consider coupling two such Bose condensates, and suggest
the existence of a joint condensate wavefunction, which is in general a
superposition of all products of the bases condensate wavefunctions of the two
condensates. The corresponding many-body state is a product of such superposed
wavefunctions, with appropriate symmetrization. These states may be potentially
useful for quantum computation. There may be robustness due to macroscopic
occupation of a same single particle state. The nonlinearity of the condensate
wavefunction due to particle-particle interaction may be utilized to realize
nonlinear quantum computation, which was suggested to be capable of solving
NP-complete problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73858 </DOCNO>
Additive and Multiplicative Noise Driven Systems in 1+1 Dimensions:


  We study the rate of true vacuum bubble nucleation numerically for a phi^4
field system coupled to a source of thermal noise. We compare in detail the
cases of additive and multiplicative noise. We pay special attention to the
choice of initial field configuration, showing the advantages of a version of
the quenching technique. We advocate a new method of extracting the nucleation
time scale that employs the full distribution of nucleation times. Large data
samples are needed to study the initial state configuration choice and to
extract nucleation times to good precision. The 1+1 dimensional models afford
large statistics samples in reasonable running times. We find that for both
additive and multiplicative models, nucleation time distributions are well fit
by a waiting time, or gamma, distribution for all parameters studied. The
nucleation rates are a factor three or more slower for the multiplicative
compared to the additive models with the same dimensionless parameter choices.
Both cases lead to high confidence level linear fits of ln(nucleation time) vs.
1/T plots, in agreement with semiclassical nucleation rate predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5629 </DOCNO>
Effects of Uniaxial Stress on Antiferromagnetic Moment in the Heavy


  We have performed the elastic neutron scattering experiments under uniaxial
stress \sigma along the tetragonal [100], [110] and [001] directions for
URu_2Si_2. For \sigma // [100] and [110], the antiferromagnetic moment \mu_o is
strongly enhanced from 0.02 \mu_B (\sigma=0) to 0.22 \mu_B (\sigma=2.5 kbar) at
1.5 K. The rate of increase d\mu_o/d\sigma is roughly estimated to be ~ 0.1
\mu_B/kbar, which is much larger than that for the hydrostatic pressure (~
0.025 \mu_B/kbar). Above 2.5 kbar, \mu_o shows a tendency to saturate similar
to the behavior in the hydrostatic pressure. For \sigma // [001], on the other
hand, \mu_o shows only a slight increase to 0.028 \mu_B (\sigma = 4.6 kbar)
with a rate of ~ 0.002 \mu_B/kbar. The observed anisotropy suggests that the
competition between the hidden order and the antiferromagnetic state in
URu_2Si_2 is strongly coupled with the tetragonal four-fold symmetry and the
c/a ratio, or both.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148091 </DOCNO>
A Construction of Commutative D-branes from Lower Dimensional Non-BPS


  We construct an exact soliton, which represents a BPS Dp-brane, in a boundary
string field theory action of infinitely many non-BPS D(p-1)-branes.
Furthermore, we show that this soliton can be regarded as an exact soliton in
the full string field theory. The world-volume theory of the BPS Dp-brane
constructed in this way becomes usual gauge theory on commutative R^{p+1},
instead of non-commutative plane. We also construct a D$p$-brane from non-BPS
D(p-n)-branes by the ABS like configuration. We confirm that the Dp-brane has
correct RR charges and the tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85841 </DOCNO>
Localization of Kaluza-Klein gauge fields on a brane


  In phenomenological models with extra dimensions there is a natural symmetry
group associated to a brane universe, -- the group of rotations of normal
bundle of the brane. We consider Kaluza-Klein gauge fields corresponding to
this group and show that they can be localized on the brane in models with
warped extra dimensions. These gauge fields are coupled to matter fields which
have nonzero rotation moment around the brane. In a particular example of a
four-dimensional brane embedded into six-dimensional asymptotically
anti-deSitter space, we calculate effective four-dimensional coupling constant
between the localized fermion zero modes and the Kaluza-Klein gauge field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75682 </DOCNO>
A Study of Nucleon Spin Struture from Quantum Chromodynamics


  I present an introduction to the field of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) with
emphasis on nucleon spin structure and perturbative methods. After a somewhat
comprehensive overview of perturbative QCD, including the systematics of
renormalization, I introduce deeply-inelastic scattering and deeply-virtual
Compton scattering along with the nonperturbative distribution functions
appearing in these processes. I show how these processes can be used to extract
the distribution of longitudinal spin of nucleons, and briefly discuss the
complications associated with transverse spin components.
  There are five appendices which accompany this work, discussing topics
ranging from canonical field quantization to dimensional regularization to the
structure of several important Lie groups. These appendices are meant to give
the reader a certain basic understanding of some of the mathematical details
underlying the main text, as well as provide a useful reference.
  This work was submitted in a slightly different form to the University of
Maryland at College Park in partial completion of the requirements for a doctor
of philosophy in physics, received August 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149413 </DOCNO>
Topological Field Theory approach to the Generalized Benney Hierarchy


  The integrability of the generalized Benney hierarchy with three primary
fields is investigated from the point of view of two-dimensional topological
field theories coupled to gravity. The associated primary free energy and
correlation functions at genus zero are obtained via Landau-Ginzburg
formulation and the string equation is derived using the twistor construction
for the Orlov operators. By adopting the approach of Dubrovin and Zhang we
obtain the genus-one corrections of the Poisson brackets of the generalized
Benney hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174731 </DOCNO>
Search for Nuclear Reactions in Water Molecules


  A possibility for molecular-nuclear transitions to occur was recently
predicted for some few-atomic systems. Among others, the molecule of ordinary
water was shown to be a candidate for this effect due to a presence of (1-,
4.522 MeV) resonance in 18Ne nucleus. A search for traces of nuclear reactions
was carried out for condenced and vaporous phases of water, with the use of
low-background annihilation spectrometry. The measurements were performed under
conventional conditions and under conditions of the Baksan Neutrino
Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113364 </DOCNO>
Hard bremsstrahlung from femtosecond laser produced copper plasmas


  We present measurements of x-rays in the 30-500 keV energy range from 100 fs,
806 nm laser pulse produced copper plasmas at intensities in the range of 10^15
to 10^16 W cm^-2. We show that surface roughness has a major role in enhancing
the x-ray yield and hot electron temperature. Roughness appears to remove the
differences in the interaction of s-polarized and p-polarized light with the
plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96091 </DOCNO>
Regular representations and Huang-Lepowsky's tensor functors for vertex


  This is the second paper in a series to study regular representations for
vertex operator algebras. In this paper, given a module $W$ for a vertex
operator algebra $V$, we construct, out of the dual space $W^{*}$, a family of
canonical (weak) $V\otimes V$-modules called ${\cal{D}}_{Q(z)}(W)$ parametrized
by a nonzero complex number $z$. We prove that for $V$-modules $W,W_{1}$ and
$W_{2}$, a $Q(z)$-intertwining map of type ${W'\choose W_{1}W_{2}}$ in the
sense of Huang and Lepowsky exactly amounts to a $V\otimes V$-homomorphism from
$W_{1}\otimes W_{2}$ to ${\cal{D}}_{Q(z)}(W)$ and that a $Q(z)$-tensor product
of $V$-modules $W_{1}$ and $W_{2}$ in the sense of Huang and Lepowsky amounts
to a universal from $W_{1}\otimes W_{2}$ to the functor ${\cal{F}}_{Q(z)}$,
where ${\cal{F}}_{Q(z)}$ is a functor from the category of $V$-modules to the
category of weak $V\otimes V$-modules defined by
${\cal{F}}_{Q(z)}(W)={\cal{D}}_{Q(z)}(W')$ for a $V$-module $W$. Furthermore,
Huang-Lepowsky's $P(z)$ and $Q(z)$-tensor functors for the category of
$V$-modules are extended to functors $T_{P(z)}$ and $T_{Q(z)}$ from the
category of $V\otimes V$-modules to the category of $V$-modules. It is proved
that functors ${\cal{F}}_{P(z)}$ and ${\cal{F}}_{Q(z)}$ are right adjoints of
$T_{P(z)}$ and $T_{Q(z)}$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168469 </DOCNO>
Opposite Arrows of Time Can Reconcile Relativity and Nonlocality


  We present a quantum model for the motion of N point particles, implying
nonlocal (i.e., superluminal) influences of external fields on the
trajectories, that is nonetheless fully relativistic. In contrast to other
models that have been proposed, this one involves no additional space-time
structure as would be provided by a (possibly dynamical) foliation of
space-time. This is achieved through the interplay of opposite microcausal and
macrocausal (i.e., thermodynamic) arrows of time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127974 </DOCNO>
Solution of the radiative transfer equation in the separable


  A method for the fast and accurate solution of the radiative transfer
equation in plane-parallel media with coherent isotropic scattering is
presented. This largely analytical approach uses the formalism of meromorphic
functions in order to obtain the total solution, i.e. the angle and depth
variation of the radiation field. A discretization of space and angle
coordinates is not required. For the further application in the accretion disks
a particular case of a finite slab whose the midplane is the symmetry plane is
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126500 </DOCNO>
Halo Tracing with Atomic Hydrogen


  This paper reviews the constraints that can be placed on the shapes of disk
galaxies' dark halos using the distribution and kinematics of atomic hydrogen.
These data indicate that dark halos are close to axisymmetric, with their axes
of symmetry co-aligned with their disk axes. They also appear to be oblate,
with shortest-to-longest axis ratios displaying quite a broad range of values
from ~0.2 to ~0.8. These results are consistent with the predicted shapes of
halos in cold dark matter scenarios, but rule out some of the more exotic dark
matter candidates. However, the total number of measurements is still
depressingly small, and more data are required if halo shape is to become a
powerful diagnostic for theories of galaxy formation and evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149037 </DOCNO>
Scale Invariance and Vacuum Energy


  The possibility of mass in the context of scale-invariant, generally
covariant theories, is discussed. Scale invariance is considered in the context
of a gravitational theory where the action, in the first order formalism, is of
the form $S = \int L_{1} \Phi d^4x$ + $\int L_{2}\sqrt{-g}d^4x$ where $\Phi$ is
a density built out of degrees of freedom independent of the metric. For global
scale invariance, a "dilaton" $\phi$ has to be introduced, with non-trivial
potentials $V(\phi)$ = $f_{1}e^{\alpha\phi}$ in $L_1$ and $U(\phi)$ =
$f_{2}e^{2\alpha\phi}$ in $L_2$. This leads to non-trivial mass generation and
a potential for $\phi$ which is interesting for new inflation. Scale invariant
mass terms for fermions lead to a possible explanation of the present day
accelerated universe and of cosmic coincidences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114465 </DOCNO>
The Theory of vacuum and some practical results


  Vacuum, where matter exists is an objective reality of Nature. It has a
structure consists of electrical massless dipoles. This structure is
responsible for gravitation, inertia and propagation of light. The structure
can be influenced by the electrical, magnetic forces and by radiation and thus
control the gravitation and inertia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148614 </DOCNO>
Correlators in 2D string theory with vortex condensation


  We calculate one- and two-point correlators of winding operators in the
matrix model of 2D string theory compactified on a circle, recently proposed
for the description of string dynamics on the 2D black hole background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150255 </DOCNO>
Boundary States for AdS_2 Branes in AdS_3


  We construct boundary states for the AdS_2 D-branes in AdS_3. We show that,
in the semi-classical limit, the boundary states correctly reproduce geometric
configurations of these branes. We use the boundary states to compute the one
loop free energy of open string stretched between the branes. The result agrees
precisely with the open string computation in hep-th/0106129.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113949 </DOCNO>
An Empirical Look at Neutrino Oscillations


  The data supporting neutrino oscillations are reexamined empirically,
ignoring the phase space of the usual theory. An absolutely minimum description
can be constructed easily without assuming oscillations. An empirical fit to a
simplified but representative set of neutrino problem data may require only two
free parameters; the usual oscillation theory requires as many as four.
  Free parameters used were total mass in range of a propagating neutrino,
distance travelled, and a detector profile parameter.
  The usual oscillation theory appears overcomplicated and inefficient. Even if
future data do not demand it be complicated further, it should be abandoned for
something better.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 554 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Electron Distribution in Presence of Kondo Impurities


  We study the energy relaxation of quasiparticles in voltage biased mesoscopic
wires in presence of magnetic impurities. The renormalization of the exchange
interaction of Kondo impurities coupled to conduction electrons is extended to
the case of a nonequilibrium electron distribution, which is determined
self-consistently from a Boltzmann equation with a collision term due to Kondo
impurity mediated electron-electron scattering. The approach leads to
predictions in quantitative agreement with recent experiments by Pothier et al.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3490 (1997)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1345 </DOCNO>
Giant strongly connected component of directed networks


  We describe how to calculate the sizes of all giant connected components of a
directed graph, including the {\em strongly} connected one. Just to the class
of directed networks, in particular, belongs the World Wide Web. The results
are obtained for graphs with statistically uncorrelated vertices and an
arbitrary joint in,out-degree distribution $P(k_i,k_o)$. We show that if
$P(k_i,k_o)$ does not factorize, the relative size of the giant strongly
connected component deviates from the product of the relative sizes of the
giant in- and out-components. The calculations of the relative sizes of all the
giant components are demonstrated using the simplest examples. We explain that
the giant strongly connected component may be less resilient to random damage
than the giant weakly connected one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126129 </DOCNO>
First detection of ammonia in M82


  We report the detection of the (J,K) = (1,1), (2,2), and (3,3) inversion
lines of ammonia (NH3) towards the south--western molecular lobe in M82. The
relative intensities of the ammonia lines are characterized by a rotational
temperature of T_rot=29+/-5 K which implies an average kinetic temperature of
T_kin~60 K. A Gaussian decomposition of the observed spectra indicates
increasing kinetic temperatures towards the nucleus of M82, consistent with
recent findings based on CO observations. The observations imply a very low NH3
abundance relative to H2, X(NH3)~5x10^(-10). We present evidence for a
decreasing NH3 abundance towards the central active regions in M82 and
interpret this abundance gradient in terms of photodissociation of NH3 in PDRs.
The low temperature derived here from NH3 also explains the apparent
underabundance of complex molecules like CH_3OH and HNCO, which has previously
been reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128718 </DOCNO>
Galactic Structure and Radioactivity Source Distributions


  A probable sky map of the emission from a short-lived isotrope produced by
massive stars is presented. The model is based on the nonaxisymmetric component
of a dust distribution model developed to reproduce Galactic FIR emission.
Features seen in COMPTEL observations are qualitatively reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86411 </DOCNO>
Comments on quantum cosmology with extrinsic time


  The closed de Sitter universe is used to present a way to deal with the
deparametrization and quantization of cosmological models with extrinsic time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179578 </DOCNO>
Pseudospin symmetry as a relativistic dynamical symmetry in the nucleus


  Pseudospin symmetry in nuclei is investigated by solving the Dirac equation
with Woods-Saxon scalar and vector radial potentials, and studying the
correlation of the energy splittings of pseudospin partners with the nuclear
potential parameters. The pseudospin interaction is related to a
pseudospin-orbit term that arises in a Schroedinger-like equation for the lower
component of the Dirac spinor. We show that the contribution from this term to
the energy splittings of pseudospin partners is large. The near pseudospin
degeneracy results from a significant cancelation among the different terms in
that equation, manifesting the dynamical character of this symmetry in the
nucleus. We analyze the isospin dependence of the pseudospin symmetry and find
that its dynamical character is behind the different pseudospin splittings
observed in neutron and proton spectra of nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126652 </DOCNO>
VLT optical observations of V821 Ara(=GX339-4) in an extended "off"


  We report on low-resolution spectroscopy of GX339-4 during its current,
extended X-ray `off' state in May 2000 (r=20.1) obtained with the VLT Focal
Reducer/low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS1). Although we do not positively
detect the secondary star in GX339-4 we place an upper limit of 30 percent on
the contribution of a ``normal'' K-type secondary star spectrum to the observed
flux. Using this limit for the observed magnitude of the secondary star, we
find a lower limit for the distance of GX339-4 to be 5.6 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5708 </DOCNO>
Single Chain Force Spectroscopy: Sequence Dependence


  We study the elastic properties of a single A/B copolymer chain with a
specific sequence. We predict a rich structure in the force extension relations
which can be addressed to the sequence. The variational method is introduced to
probe local minima on the path of stretching and releasing. At given force, we
find multiple configurations which are separated by energy barriers. A
collapsed globular configuration consists of several domains which unravel
cooperatively. Upon stretching, unfolding path shows stepwise pattern
corresponding to the unfolding of each domain. While releasing, several cores
can be created simultaneously in the middle of the chain resulting in a
different path of collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74852 </DOCNO>
Anomalous magnetic moment of muon and L-violating Supersymmetric Models


  We consider L-violating Supersymmetric Models to explain the recent muon
$g_{\mu} -2$ deviation from the Standard Model. The order of trilinear
L-violating couplings which we require also generate neutrino mass which is
somewhat higher than expected unless one considers highly suppressed $L-R$
mixing of sfermions. However, without such fine tuning for sfermions it is
possible to get appropriate muon $g_{\mu}-2$ deviation as well as neutrino mass
if one considers some horizontal symmetry for the lepton doublet. Our studies
show that $g_{\mu} -2$ deviation may not imply upper bound of about 500 GeV on
masses of supersymmetric particles like chargino or neutralino as proposed by
other authors for R parity conserving supersymmetric models. However, in our
scenario sneutrino mass is expected to be light ($\sim 100$ GeV) and
$e-\mu-\tau$ universality violation may be observed experimentally in near
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4309 </DOCNO>
Field induced transitions in a kagome antiferromagnet


  The thermal order by disorder effect in magnetic field is studied for a
classical Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice. Using analytical
arguments we predict a unique H-T phase diagram for this strongly frustrated
magnet: states with a coplanar and a uniaxial triatic order parameters
respectively at low and high magnetic fields and an incompressible collinear
spin-liquid state at a one-third of the saturation field. We also present the
Monte Carlo data which confirm existence of these phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85794 </DOCNO>
Quintessence dissipative superattractor cosmology


  We investigate the simplest quintessence dissipative dark matter attractor
cosmology characterized by a constant quintessence baryotropic index and a
power--law expansion. We show a class of accelerated coincidence--solving
attractor solutions converging to this asymptotic behavior. Despite its
simplicity, such a ``superattractor'' regime provides a model of the recent
universe that also exhibits an excellent fit to supernovae luminosity
observations and no age conflict. Our best fit gives $\alpha=1.71\pm 0.29$ for
the power-law exponent. We calculate for this regime the evolution of density
and entropy perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124816 </DOCNO>
First Investigation of the Clustering Environment of Damped Lyman Alpha


  We report the first observations of the clustering environment of damped
Lyman alpha absorption systems at z=4. Color selection and photometric
redshifts were used to select 44 candidate Lyman-break galaxies brighter than
I_AB=25.5 from deep BRI images of the 35 sq. arcmin field containing the quasar
BR 0951-04. Multislit spectroscopy of 35 candidate galaxies was performed and 8
of these candidates have been confirmed as z>3.5 Lyman-break galaxies. With
only BRI photometry, the photometric redshifts are quite accurate for the
spectroscopically confirmed galaxies but have a high rate of misclassification
due to color degeneracies between Lyman-break galaxies and low-redshift
ellipticals. Both of the z>3.5 galaxies found within 15'' of the quasar
line-of-sight appear to be causing absorption systems in the quasar spectrum.
We use a battery of statistical tests to look for clustering in the redshift
histogram of the z>3.5 galaxies but do not find measurable clustering of these
Lyman-break galaxies with the damped Lyman alpha absorbers. With a larger
sample of galaxies, our method should determine the cross-correlation between
these objects, which probes the bias and hence the mass of the damped Lyman
alpha absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40772 </DOCNO>
New Model-Independent Limit on Muon Substructure


  If the discrepancy between the theoretical and newly measured values of the
muon's anomalous magnetic moment is ascribed to muon substructure, there
results an improved model--independent limit on its energy scale, 1.2 TeV <
Lambda_mu < 3.2 TeV at 95% C.L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40829 </DOCNO>
New results from NA48 experiment on neutral kaon rare decays


  Recent results by the NA48 collaboration on neutral kaons rare decays into
the pi+ pi- e+ e- final state are presented. A large CP-violating asymmetry
A(K_L)=(13.9+-2.7+-2.0)% has been observed in the K_L to pi+ pi- e+ e- decay.
The K_S to pi+ pi- e+ e- decay has been observed for the first time, showing no
such asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98627 </DOCNO>
On power sets


  This work presents theorems which state (i) Z is a proper subset for any
bijection f between A and Z, where Z is contained in P(A), A is a non-finite
set and |Z|=|A|, and (ii) being Z a proper subset of P(A) nothing affirms or
denies that |P(A)|>|A|. Russell's paradox is examined and it is shown that the
set of all the ordinary sets does not exist. A mistake in Cantor's proof on
cardinality of power sets is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96370 </DOCNO>
The maximum or minimum number of rational points on curves of genus


  We show that for all finite fields F_q, there exists a curve C over F_q of
genus 3 such that the number of rational points on C is within 3 of the
Serre-Weil upper or lower bound. For some q, we also obtain improvements on the
upper bound for the number of rational points on a genus 3 curve over F_q.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148309 </DOCNO>
On the Embedding of Space-Time Symmetries into Simple Superalgebras


  We explore the embedding of Spin groups of arbitrary dimension and signature
into simple superalgebras in the case of extended supersymmetry. The
R-symmetry, which generically is not compact, can be chosen compact for all the
cases that are congruent mod 8 to the physical conformal algebra so($D-2$,2),
$D\geq 3$. An $\rm{so}(1,1)$ grading of the superalgebra is found in all cases.
Central extensions of super translation algebras are studied in this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123937 </DOCNO>
HI deficiency in the galaxy cluster ACO 3627. ATCA observations in the


  ATCA 21 cm HI observations of the rich galaxy cluster ACO 3627 in the Great
Attractor region are presented. Three fields of 30' diameter located within one
Abell radius of ACO 3627 were observed with a resolution of 15'' and an rms
noise of \sim 1 mJy/beam. Only two galaxies were detected in these fields. We
compare their HI distribution to new optical R-band images and discuss their
velocity fields. The first galaxy is a gas-rich unperturbed spiral whereas the
second shows a peculiar HI distribution. The estimated 3-sigma HI mass limit of
our observations is \sim 7 x 10^8 M_{\odot} for a line width of 150 km s^{-1}.
The non-detection of a considerable number of luminous spiral galaxies
indicates that the spiral galaxies are HI deficient. The low detection rate is
comparable to the HI deficient Coma cluster (Bravo-Alfaro et al. 2000). ACO
3627 is a bright X-ray cluster. We therefore suspect that ram pressure
stripping is responsible for the HI deficiency of the bright cluster spirals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40788 </DOCNO>
Lepton Numbers in the framework of Neutrino Mixing


  In this short review we discuss the notion of lepton numbers. The strong
evidence in favor of neutrino oscillations obtained recently in the
Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino experiment and in solar neutrino
experiments imply that the law of conservation of family lepton numbers L_e,
L_mu and L_tau is strongly violated. We consider the states of flavor neutrinos
nu_e, nu_mu and nu_tau and we discuss the evolution of these states in space
and time in the case of non-conservation of family lepton numbers due to the
mixing of light neutrinos. We discuss and compare different flavor neutrino
discovery experiments. We stress that experiments on the search for
nu_mu->nu_tau and nu_e->nu_tau oscillations demonstrated that the flavor
neutrino nu_tau is a new type of neutrino, different from nu_e and nu_mu. In
the case of neutrino mixing, the lepton number (only one) is connected with the
nature of massive neutrinos. Such conserved lepton number exist if massive
neutrinos are Dirac particles. We review possibilities to check in future
experiments whether the conserved lepton number exists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96941 </DOCNO>
Feynman Diagrams via Graphical Calculus


  This paper is an introduction to the language of Feynman Diagrams. We use
Reshetikhin-Turaev graphical calculus to define Feynman diagrams and prove that
asymptotic expansions of Gaussian integrals can be written as a sum over a
suitable family of graphs. We discuss how different kind of interactions give
rise to different families of graphs. In particular, we show how symmetric and
cyclic interactions lead to ``ordinary'' and ``ribbon'' graphs respectively. As
an example, the 't Hooft-Kontsevich model for 2D quantum gravity is treated in
some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87071 </DOCNO>
The Virtual Black Hole in 2d Quantum Gravity and its Relevance for the


  As shown recently 2d quantum gravity theories -- including spherically
reduced Einstein-gravity -- after an exact path integral of its geometric part
can be treated perturbatively in the loops of (scalar) matter. Obviously the
classical mechanism of black hole formation should be contained in the tree
approximation of the theory. This is shown to be the case for the scattering of
two scalars through an intermediate state which by its effective black hole
mass is identified as a "virtual black hole". We discuss the lowest order tree
vertex for minimally and non-minimally coupled scalars and find a non-trivial
finite S-matrix for gravitational s-wave scattering in the latter case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99105 </DOCNO>
An index inequality for embedded pseudoholomorphic curves in


  Let $\Sigma$ be a surface with a symplectic form, let $\phi$ be a
symplectomorphism of $\Sigma$, and let $Y$ be the mapping torus of $\phi$. We
show that the dimensions of moduli spaces of embedded pseudoholomorphic curves
in $\R\times Y$, with cylindrical ends asymptotic to periodic orbits of $\phi$
or multiple covers thereof, are bounded from above by an additive relative
index. We deduce some compactness results for these moduli spaces.
  This paper establishes some of the foundations for a program with Michael
Thaddeus, to understand the Seiberg-Witten Floer homology of $Y$ in terms of
such pseudoholomorphic curves. Analogues of our results should also hold in
three dimensional contact homology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4395 </DOCNO>
The charge and low-frequency response of normal-superconducting


  The charge distribution is a basic aspect of electrical transport. In this
work we investigate the self-consistent charge response of
normal-superconducting heterostructures. Of interest is the variation of the
charge density due to voltage changes at contacts and due to changes in the
potential. We present response functions in terms of functional derivatives of
the scattering matrix. We discuss corrections to the Lindhard function due to
the proximity of the superconductor. We use these results to find the dynamic
conductance matrix to lowest order in frequency. We illustrate similarities and
differences between normal systems and heterostructures for specific examples
like a ballistic wire, a resonator, and a quantum point contact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2642 </DOCNO>
Non-universal scaling in a model of information transmission and herd


  We present a generalized dynamical model describing the sharing of
information, and corresponding herd behavior, in a population based on the
recent model proposed by Eguiluz and Zimmermann. By introducing a
size-dependent probability for dissociation of a cluster, we show that the
exponent characterizing the distribution of cluster sizes becomes
model-dependent and non-universal. The resulting system, which provides a
simplified model of a financial market, yields power law behavior with an
easily tunable exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6950 </DOCNO>
Bias-voltage induced phase-transition in bilayer quantum Hall


  We consider bilayer quantum Hall systems at total filling factor $\nu=1$ in
presence of a bias voltage $\Delta_v$ which leads to different filling factors
in each layer. We use auxiliary field functional integral approach to study
mean-field solutions and collective excitations around them. We find that at
large layer separation, the collective excitations soften at a finite wave
vector leading to the collapse of quasiparticle gap. Our calculations predict
that as the bias voltage is increased, bilayer systems undergo a phase
transition from a compressible state to a $\nu=1$ phase-coherent state {\it
with charge imbalance}. We present simple analytical expressions for
bias-dependent renormalized charge imbalance and pseudospin stiffness which are
sensitive to the softening of collective modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74452 </DOCNO>
Z decay into two massless gauge bosons in a magnetic field


  An investigation of the processes Z to gluon-gluon and Z to photon-photon in
a background magnetic field is presented. For homogeneous fields corrections to
the charged fermion propagator can be calculated in leading orders of the
magnetic field. This work examines the first order contributions of the
corrected propagator to decays that are otherwise zero. Results of the decay
rates for varying field strengths are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72949 </DOCNO>
Radiative Corrections to the Single Spin Asymmetry in Heavy Quark


  We analyze in the framework of pQCD the properties of the single spin
asymmetry in heavy flavor production by linearly polarized photons. At leading
order, the parallel- perpendicular asymmetry in azimuthal distributions of both
charm and bottom quark is predicted to be about 20% in a wide region of initial
energy. Using the soft gluon resummation formalism, we have calculated the
next-to-leading order corrections to the asymmetry to next-to-leading
logarithmic accuracy. It is shown that radiative corrections practically do not
affect the Born predictions for the azimuthal asymmetry at energies of the
fixed target experiments. Both leading and next-to-leading order predictions
for the asymmetry are insensitive to within few percent to theoretical
uncertainties in the QCD input parameters: $m_{Q}$, $\mu_{R}$, $\mu_{F}$,
$\Lambda_{QCD}$ and in the gluon distribution function. Our analysis shows that
nonperturbative corrections to a $B$-meson azimuthal asymmetry due to the gluon
transverse motion in the target are negligible. We conclude that measurements
of the single spin asymmetry would provide a good test of pQCD applicability to
heavy flavor production at fixed target energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2868 </DOCNO>
Internal Fluctuations Effects on Fisher Waves


  We study the diffusion-limited reaction A + A <-> A in different spatial
dimensions to observe the effect of internal fluctuations on the interface
between stable and unstable phases. We find that, similar to what has been
observed in d=1 dimensions, internal fluctuations modify the mean-field
behavior predictions for this process, which is given by Fisher's
reaction-diffusion equation. In d > 1 the front displays local fluctuations
perpendicular to the direction of motion which, with a proper definition of the
interface, can be fully described within the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ)
universality class. This clarifies the apparent discrepancies with KPZ
predictions reported recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95424 </DOCNO>
Doubles of (quasi) Hopf algebras and some examples of quantum groupoids


  Let A be a finite dimensional Hopf algebra and (H, R) a quasitriangular
bialgebra. Denote by H^*_R a certain deformation of the multiplication of H^*
via R. We prove that H^*_R is a quantum commutative left H\otimes H^{op
cop}-module algebra. If H is the Drinfel'd double of A then H^*_R is the
Heisenberg double of A. We study the relation between H^*_R and Majid's
"covariantised product". We give a formula for the canonical element of the
Heisenberg double of A, solution to the pentagon equation, in terms of the
R-matrix of the Drinfel'd double of A. We generalize a theorem of Jiang-Hua Lu
on quantum groupoids and using this and the above we obtain an example of a
quantum groupoid having the Heisenberg double of A as base. If, in Richard
Borcherds' concept of a "vertex group" we allow the "ring of singular
functions" to be noncommutative, we prove that if A is a finite dimensional
cocommutative Hopf algebra then the Heisenberg double of A is a vertex group
over A. The construction and properties of H^*_R are given also for
quasi-bialgebras and a definition for the Heisenberg double of a finite
dimensional quasi-Hopf algebra is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74795 </DOCNO>
Colour dipoles and virtual Compton scattering


  An analysis of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) is made within the
colour dipole model. We compare and contrast two models for the dipole
cross-section which have been successful in describing structure function data.
Both models agree with the available cross section data on DVCS from HERA. We
give predictions for various azimuthal angle asymmetries in HERA kinematics and
for the DVCS cross section in the THERA region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4796 </DOCNO>
Thermal Conductivity of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Diameter and


  The thermal conductivity, k(T), of bulk single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT's)
displays a linear temperature dependence at low T that has been attributed to
1D quantization of phonons. To explore this issue further, we have measured the
k(T) of samples with varying average tube diameters. We observe linear k(T) up
to higher temperatures in samples with smaller diameters, in agreement with a
quantization picture. In addition, we have examined the effect of annealing on
k(T). We observe an enhancement in k(T) for annealed samples which we attribute
to healing of defects and removal of impurities. These measurements demonstrate
how the thermal properties of an SWNT material can be controlled by
manipulating its intrinsic nanoscale properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124576 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation Histories of Local Galaxies: Continuous or


  We explore a model in which efficient star formation in galaxies is triggered
by merging satellites. We show that the merger/interaction rates predicted by
hierarchical galaxy formation models depend strongly on galaxy mass. If a
merger of a satellite larger than 1% the mass of the primary triggers efficient
star formation, low-mass dwarf galaxies experience strong bursts separated by
quiescent periods lasting several Gyr. Massive galaxies, such as our own Milky
Way, are perturbed by a 1% satellite every few hundred million years, and thus
have fluctuating, but relatively continuous star formation histories. We study
the spectral signatures of a population of galaxies undergoing intermittent
star formation by combining the models with the latest version of the Bruzual &
Charlot spectral synthesis code. We concentrate on spectral indicators that are
sensitive primarily to stellar age, rather than to metallicity and extinction.
We show that if a population undergoes intermittent rather than continuous star
formation, the signatures of the bursts should be evident from the observed
dispersion in the star formation rates, H-delta equivalent widths and gas mass
fractions of galaxies with 4000 Angstrom break strengths indicative of recent
or ongoing star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 261 </DOCNO>
Data clustering and noise undressing for correlation matrices


  We discuss a new approach to data clustering. We find that maximum likelihood
leads naturally to an Hamiltonian of Potts variables which depends on the
correlation matrix and whose low temperature behavior describes the correlation
structure of the data. For random, uncorrelated data sets no correlation
structure emerges. On the other hand for data sets with a built-in cluster
structure, the method is able to detect and recover efficiently that structure.
Finally we apply the method to financial time series, where the low temperature
behavior reveals a non trivial clustering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41341 </DOCNO>
Searches at HERA


  Searches for physics beyond the Standard Model have been performed in
high-energy $e^{\pm}p$ collisions at HERA. No significant deviation from the
Standard Model has been observed while searching for contact interactions,
extra dimensions, leptoquarks, R-parity violating squarks and excited fermions.
Exclusion limits have been inferred which extend or complement bounds from
other colliders. The H1 collaboration has observed a puzzling excess of events
with an high $P_t$ isolated lepton and missing transverse momentum, and
interpretation as flavour changing neutral currents has been explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83716 </DOCNO>
A Sequential Model for Multi-Class Classification


  Many classification problems require decisions among a large number of
competing classes. These tasks, however, are not handled well by general
purpose learning methods and are usually addressed in an ad-hoc fashion. We
suggest a general approach -- a sequential learning model that utilizes
classifiers to sequentially restrict the number of competing classes while
maintaining, with high probability, the presence of the true outcome in the
candidates set. Some theoretical and computational properties of the model are
discussed and we argue that these are important in NLP-like domains. The
advantages of the model are illustrated in an experiment in part-of-speech
tagging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 707 </DOCNO>
Response to tilted magnetic fields in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with columnar


  The transverse Meissner effect (TME) in the highly layered superconductor
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+y) with columnar defects is investigated by transport
measurements. We present detailed evidence for the persistence of the
Bose-glass phase when H is tilted at an angle theta < theta_c (T) away from the
column direction: (i) the variable-range vortex hopping process for low
currents crosses over to the half-loops regime for high currents; (ii) in both
regimes near theta_c(T) the energy barriers vanish linearly with tan(theta) ;
(iii) the transition temperature is governed by T_{BG}(0) -T_{BG}(theta) sim
|tan(theta)|^{1/\nu_{\perp}} with \nu_{\perp}=1.0 +/- 0.1. Furthermore, above
the transition as theta->\theta_c+, moving kink chains consistent with a
commensurate-incommensurate transition scenario are observed. These results
thereby clearly show the existence of the TME for theta < theta_c(T).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6470 </DOCNO>
Electrostatic potential in a superconductor


  The electrostatic potential in a superconductor is studied. To this end
Bardeen's extension of the Ginzburg-Landau theory to low temperatures is used
to derive three Ginzburg-Landau equations - the Maxwell equation for the vector
potential, the Schroedinger equation for the wave function and the Poisson
equation for the electrostatic potential. The electrostatic and the
thermodynamic potential compensate each other to a great extent resulting into
an effective potential acting on the superconducting condensate. For the
Abrikosov vortex lattice in Niobium, numerical solutions are presented and the
different contributions to the electrostatic potential and the related charge
distribution are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6143 </DOCNO>
Quantum computing: a view from the enemy camp


  Quantum computing relies on processing information within a quantum system
with many continuous degrees of freedom. The practical implementation of this
idea requires complete control over all of the 2^n independent amplitudes of a
many-particle wavefunction, where n>1000. The principles of quantum computing
are discussed from the practical point of view with the conclusion that no
working device will be built in the forseeable future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3399 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation conductivity in superconductors in strong electric fields


  We study the effect of a strong electric field on the fluctuation
conductivity within the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory for the case of
arbitrary dimension. Our results are based on the analytical derivation of the
velocity distribution law for the fluctuation Cooper pairs, from the Boltzmann
equation. Special attention is drawn to the case of small nonlinearity of
conductivity, which can be investigated experimentally. We obtain a general
relation between the nonlinear conductivity and the temperature derivative of
the linear Aslamazov-Larkin conductivity, applicable to any superconductor. For
the important case of layered superconductors we derive an analogous relation
between the small nonlinear correction for the conductivity and the
fluctuational magnetoconductivity. On the basis of these relations we provide
new experimental methods for determining both the lifetime constant of
metastable Cooper pairs above T_c and the coherence length. A systematic
investigation of the 3rd harmonic of the electric field generated by a harmonic
current can serve as an alternative method for the examination of the
metastable Cooper-pair relaxation time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2914 </DOCNO>
Magnetic order in the quasi-two-dimensional easy-plane XXZ model


  A Green's-function theory of antiferromagnetic short-range and long-range
order (LRO) in the $S=1/2$ quasi-two-dimensional easy-plane XXZ model is
presented. As the main new result, {\it two} phase transitions due to the
combined influence of spatial and spin anisotropy are found, where below the
higher and lower N\'{e}el temperature there occurs LRO in the transverse and in
both the transverse and longitudinal spin correlators, respectively. Comparing
the theory with neutron-scattering data for the correlation length of $\rm
La_2CuO_4$, a very good agreement in the whole temperature dependence is
obtained. Moreover, for $\rm La_2CuO_4$, $\rm Sr_2CuO_2Cl_2$, and $\rm
Ca_{0.85}Sr_{0.15}CuO_2$ the second phase with longitudinal LRO is predicted to
appear far below room temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 689 </DOCNO>
Universal Magnetic Fluctuations with a Field Induced Length Scale


  We calculate the probability density function for the order parameter
fluctuations in the low temperature phase of the 2D-XY model of magnetism near
the line of critical points. A finite correlation length, \xi, is introduced
with a small magnetic field, h, and an accurate expression for \xi(h) is
developed by treating non-linear contributions to the field energy using a
Hartree approximation. We find analytically a series of universal non-Gaussian
distributions with a finite size scaling form and present a Gumbel-like
function that gives the PDF to an excellent approximation. We propose the
Gumbel exponent, a(h), as an indirect measure of the length scale of
correlations in a wide range of complex systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7428 </DOCNO>
Dephasing by two-level systems at zero temperature by unitary evolution


  We analyze the unitary time evolution of a conduction electron, described by
a two-level system, interacting with two-level systems (spins) through a
spin-spin interaction and prove that coherent spin states of the conduction
electron are obtained in the strong coupling regime, when the number of the
spins is taken to be, formally, infinitely large (thermodynamic limit).
Coherent spin states are the analogous of coherent states of the radiation
field representing classical fields. This model describes a spin interacting
with a spin-bath in a strong coupling regime and gives a dephasing time at zero
temperature that agrees with the recent experimental results for quantum dots.
Dephasing is proved to occur as the conduction electron flops between the two
states with frequency going to infinity in the thermodynamic limit, that is,
increasing the number of spins. Then, it is shown that the only meaning that
can be attached to such oscillations with infinite frequency is by an average
in time. This means that the off-diagonal terms of the density matrix are
washed out and the conduction electron can be localized in one of the two
states with probability 1/2. This model is in agreement with a recent proposal
of appearance of classical states in quantum mechanics due to the large number
of components of a quantum system, if properly prepared for the states of each
component part. The strong coupling study of the model is accomplished through
the principle of duality as recently introduced in perturbation theory
[M.Frasca, Phys. Rev. A 58, 3439 (1998)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86243 </DOCNO>
Quantum vacuum fluctuations


  The existence of irreducible field fluctuations in vacuum is an important
prediction of quantum theory. These fluctuations have many observable
consequences, like the Casimir effect which is now measured with good accuracy
and agreement with theory, provided that the latter accounts for differences
between real experiments and the ideal situation considered by Casimir. But the
vacuum energy density calculated by adding field mode energies is much larger
than the density observed around us through gravitational phenomena. This
``vacuum catastrophe'' is one of the unsolved problems at the interface between
quantum theory on one hand, inertial and gravitational phenomena on the other
hand. It is however possible to put properly formulated questions in the
vicinity of this paradox. These questions are directly connected to observable
effects bearing upon the principle of relativity of motion in quantum vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77157 </DOCNO>
Deuterium burning in Jupiter interior


  We show that moderate deviations from the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy
distribution can increase deuterium reaction rates enough to contribute to the
heating of Jupiter. These deviations are compatible with the violation of
extensivity expected from temperature and density conditions inside Jupiter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179702 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Spectra of $J/\psi$ and $\psi^{\prime}$ Mesons from


  A popular derivation of the apparent temperature of the particle transverse
momentum spectra and its inconsistency are considered. An improved formula for
the apparent temperature is discussed. It is shown that recent results on
transverse mass spectra of $J/\psi$ and $\psi^{\prime}$ mesons support a
hypothesis of statistical production of charmonia at hadronization and suggest
the early thermal freeze-out of these mesons. Using the apparent temperature
formula the collective transverse velocity of the hadronizing quark gluon
plasma is extracted to be $<v_T > \approx 0.2$. Predictions for transverse mass
spectra of hidden and open charm mesons along with bottomonium at SPS and RHIC
energies are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98203 </DOCNO>
Local Complete Intersections in P^2 and Koszul Syzygies


  We study the syzygies of a codimension two ideal I = <f_1,f_2,f_3> in
k[x,y,z]. Our main result is that the module of syzygies vanishing
(scheme-theoretically) at the zero locus Z = V(I) is generated by the Koszul
syzygies iff Z is a local complete intersection. The proof uses a
characterization of complete intersections due to Herzog. When I is saturated,
we relate our theorem to results of Weyman and of Simis and Vasconcelos. We
conclude with an example of how our theorem fails for four generated local
complete intersections in k[x,y,z] and we discuss generalizations to higher
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83579 </DOCNO>
Mathematical Model of Word Length on the Basis of the Cebanov-Fucks


  The data on 13 typologically different languages have been processed using a
two-parameter word length model, based on 1-displaced uniform Poisson
distribution. Statistical dependencies of the 2nd parameter on the 1st one are
revealed for the German texts and genre of letters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1346 </DOCNO>
How universal is the fractional-quantum-Hall edge Luttinger liquid?


  This article reports on our microscopic investigations of the edge of the
fractional quantum Hall state at filling factor $\nu=1/3$. We show that the
interaction dependence of the wave function is well described in an
approximation that includes mixing with higher composite-fermion Landau levels
in the lowest order. We then proceed to calculate the equal time edge Green
function, which provides evidence that the Luttinger exponent characterizing
the decay of the Green function at long distances is interaction dependent. The
relevance of this result to tunneling experiments is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96411 </DOCNO>
Algorithms to solve the Sutherland model


  We give a self-contained presentation and comparison of two different
algorithms to explicitly solve quantum many body models of indistinguishable
particles moving on a circle and interacting with two-body potentials of
$1/\sin^2$-type. The first algorithm is due to Sutherland and well-known; the
second one is a limiting case of a novel algorithm to solve the elliptic
generalization of the Sutherland model. These two algorithms are different in
several details. We show that they are equivalent, i.e., they yield the same
solution and are equally simple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41807 </DOCNO>
Search for scalar leptons in e+e- collisions at centre-of-mass energies


  A search for selectron, smuon and stau pair production is performed with the
data collected by the ALEPH detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies up to
209 GeV. The numbers of candidate events are consistent with the background
predicted by the Standard Model. Final mass limits from ALEPH are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148869 </DOCNO>
Holographic entropy and brane FRW-dynamics from AdS black hole in d5


  Higher derivative bulk gravity (without Riemann tensor square term) admits
AdS-Schwarzschild black hole as exact solution. It is shown that induced brane
geometry on such background is open, flat or closed FRW radiation dominated
Universe. Higher derivative terms contributions appear in the Hawking
temperature, entropy and Hubble parameter via the redefinition of 5-dimensional
gravitational constant and AdS scale parameter. These higher derivative terms
do not destroy the AdS-dual description of radiation represented by
strongly-coupled CFT. Cardy-Verlinde formula which expresses cosmological
entropy as square root from other parameters and entropies is derived in $R^2$
gravity. The corresponding cosmological entropy bounds are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3269 </DOCNO>
Convergent recursive O(N) calculations for ab initio tight-binding


  A theory is presented for a novel recursion method for O(N) ab initio
tight-binding calculations. A long-standing problem of generalizing the
recursion method to a non-orthogonal basis, which is a crucial step to make the
recursion method applicable to ab initio calculations, is solved by the
introduction of the hybrid representation and the two-sided block Lanczos
algorithm. As a test of efficiency of the new method, convergence properties in
energy and force of insulators, semiconductors, metals, and molecules are
studied for not only simple model systems but also some real materials within
the density functional theory. The present O(N) method possesses good
convergence properties for metals as well as insulators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98667 </DOCNO>
Unitary perturbations of masas in type $II_1$ factors


  We investigate maximal abelian subalgebras (masas) in separably acting type
$II_1$ factors. We use the notion of distance between masas which we introduced
in an earlier paper in this archive, OA/0107075. The main result of the paper
is to show that for any unitary u and a masa A, the distance between A and uAu*
is comparable to the distance in 2-norm from u to the unitary normalizer N(A)
of A. In qualitative terms, this says that a unitary almost normalizes A if and
only if it is close to a normalizing unitary. Inequalities in the paper make
this statement quantitatively precise. As a consequence, all singular masas in
separably acting type $II_1$ factors are $\alpha$-strongly singular, as defined
in the above referenced paper, for a universal value of $\alpha$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74465 </DOCNO>
Physics Opportunities with Polarized e- and e+ Beams at TESLA


  Beam polarization at e+ e- linear colliders will be a powerful tool for high
precision analyses. Often it is assumed that the full information from
polarization effects is provided by polarization of the electron beam and no
further information can be obtained by the simultaneous polarization of the
positrons. In this paper we point out the advantages of polarizing both beams,
and summarize the polarization-related results of the Higgs, Electroweak, QCD,
SUSY and Alternative Theories working groups of the ECFA/DESY workshop for a
planned linear collider operating in the energy range sqrt{s}= 500-800 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2924 </DOCNO>
Magnetism of a tetrahedral cluster spin-chain


  We discuss the magnetic properties of a dimerized and completely frustrated
tetrahedral spin-1/2 chain. Using a combination of exact diagonalization and
bond-operator theory the quantum phase diagram is shown to incorporate a
singlet-product, a dimer, and a Haldane phase. In addition we consider one-,
and two-triplet excitations in the dimer phase and evaluate the magnetic Raman
cross section which is found to be strongly renormalized by the presence of a
two-triplet bound state. The link to a novel tellurate materials is clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123403 </DOCNO>
Secular Bar-Mode Evolution and Gravitational Waves From Neutron Stars


  The secular instability and nonlinear evolution of the m=2 f-mode (bar-mode)
driven by gravitational radiation reaction in a rapidly rotating, newly formed
neutron star are reviewed. There are two types of rotating bars which generate
quite different gravitational waveforms: those with large internal rotation
relative to the bar figure (Dedekind-like bars) have GW frequency sweeping
downward during the evolution, and those with small internal rotation
(Jacobi-like) have GW frequency sweeping upward. Various sources of viscosity
(which affects the instability) in hot nuclear matter are reexamined, and the
possible effect of star-disk coupling on the bar-mode instability is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149966 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic of Calabi-Yau Varieties and Rational Conformal Field Theory


  It is proposed that certain techniques from arithmetic algebraic geometry
provide a framework which is useful to formulate a direct and intrinsic link
between the geometry of Calabi-Yau manifolds and the underlying conformal field
theory. Specifically it is pointed out how the algebraic number field
determined by the fusion rules of the conformal field theory can be derived
from the number theoretic structure of the cohomological Hasse-Weil L-function
determined by Artin's congruent zeta function of the algebraic variety. In this
context a natural number theoretic characterization arises for the quantum
dimensions in this geometrically determined algebraic number field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123951 </DOCNO>
Possible Local Spiral Counterparts to Compact Blue Galaxies at


  We identify nearby disk galaxies with optical structural parameters similar
to those of intermediate-redshift compact blue galaxies. By comparing HI and
optical emission-line widths, we show that the optical widths substantially
underestimate the true kinematic widths of the local galaxies. By analogy,
optical emission-line widths may underrepresent the masses of intermediate-z
compact objects. For the nearby galaxies, the compact blue morphology is the
result of tidally-triggered central star formation: we argue that interactions
and minor mergers may cause apparently compact morphology at higher redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86131 </DOCNO>
Four-dimensional effective theory of gravity embeddable in a distorted


  We present an effective four-dimensional formulation of the laws of gravity
that respects the main features of a higher (five)-dimensional scenario of
Randall-Sundrum type. The geometrical structure of the theory is that of a
Weyl-integrable configuration. Standard general relativity over Riemann
geometry is recovered through breaking of conformal symmetry. The singularity
problem is treated. The local problem in the case of the static,
spherically-symmetric Schwarzschild metric and the cosmological issue, in the
case of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker perfect fluid filled universe, are treated
separately. Vanishing of the spacetime singularities for some values of the
free parameter of the theory is achieved. The implications of the results
obtained for brane stabilization in the higher-dimensional structure are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126888 </DOCNO>
Self-similar evolution of wind-blown bubbles with mass loading by


  We present similarity solutions for adiabatic bubbles that are blown by winds
having time independent mechanical luminosities and that are each mass-loaded
by the hydrodynamic ablation of distributed clumps. The mass loading is
`switched-on' at a specified radius (with free-expansion of the wind interior
to this point) and injects mass at a rate per unit volume proportional to
M^delta r^lambda where delta = 4/3 (1) if the flow is subsonic (supersonic)
with respect to the clumps. In the limit of negligible mass loading a
similarity solution found by Dyson (1973) for expansion into a smooth ambient
medium is recovered. The presence of mass loading heats the flow, which leads
to a reduction in the Mach number of the supersonic freely-expanding flow, and
weaker jump conditions across the inner shock. In solutions with large mass
loading, it is possible for the wind to connect directly to the contact
discontinuity without first passing through an inner shock. For a solution that
gives the mass of swept-up ambient gas to be less than the sum of the masses of
the wind and ablated material, lambda < -2. Maximum possible values for the
ratio of ablated mass to wind mass occur when mass loading starts very close to
the bubble center and when the flow is supersonic with respect to the clumps
over the entire bubble radius. The maximum temperature in the bubble often
occurs near the onset of mass loading, and in some cases can be many times
greater than the post-inner-shock temperature. Our solutions are relevant to eg
stellar wind-blown bubbles, galactic winds, etc. This work complements Pittard
et al (2001) where it was assumed that clumps were evaporated through
conductive energy transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99087 </DOCNO>
Quantization of canonical cones of algebraic curves


  We introduce a quantization of the graded algebra of functions on the
canonical cone of an algebraic curve C, based on the theory of formal
pseudodifferential operators. When C is a complex curve with Poincar\'e
uniformization, we propose another, equivalent construction, based on the work
of Cohen-Manin-Zagier on Rankin-Cohen brackets. We give a presentation of the
quantum algebra when C is a rational curve, and discuss the problem of
constructing algebraically "differential liftings".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing of Classical Chaos: Smile of the Arnold-Schrodinger


  We show on the example of the Arnold cat map that classical chaotic systems
can be simulated with exponential efficiency on a quantum computer. Although
classical computer errors grow exponentially with time, the quantum algorithm
with moderate imperfections is able to simulate accurately the unstable chaotic
classical dynamics for long times. The algorithm can be easily implemented on
systems of a few qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76813 </DOCNO>
Large dark matter cross sections from supergravity and superstrings


  We study the direct detection of supersymmetric dark matter in the light of
recent experimental results. In particular, we show that regions in the
parameter space of several scenarios with a neutralino-nucleon cross section of
the order of $10^{-6}$ pb, i.e., where current dark matter detectors are
sensitive, can be obtained. These are supergravity scenarios with intermediate
unification scale, and superstring scenarios with D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7324 </DOCNO>
Angle-resolved photoemission study of MX-chain compound


  We report on the results of angle-resolved photoemission experiments on a
quasi-one-dimensional halogen-bridged Ni compound [Ni(chxn)$_2$Br]Br$_2$ (chxn
= 1$R$,2$R$-cyclohexanediamine), a one-dimensional Heisenberg system with
$S=1/2$ and $J \sim 3600$ K, which shows a gigantic non-linear optical effect.
A "band" having about 0.5 eV energy dispersion is found in the first half of
the Brillouin zone $(0\le kb/\pi <1/2)$, but disappears at $kb / \pi \sim 1/2$.
These characteristic features are well reproduced by the $d$-$p$ chain model
calculations with a small charge-transfer energy $\Delta$ compared with that of
one-dimensional Cu-O based compounds. Two dispersive features, expected from
spin-charge separation, as has been observed in other quasi-one-dimensional
systems like Sr$_2$CuO$_3$, are not observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40942 </DOCNO>
Addendum to: Searches for Neutral Higgs Bosons in e+e- Collisions around


  A more general MSSM parameter scan is described

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 722 </DOCNO>
Hole carrier in MgB_{2} characterized by Hall Measurements


  The longitudinal resistivity rho_{xx} and Hall coefficient R_H were measured
for MgB2 sintered under high pressure. We found that R_H is positive like
cuprate high-Tc superconductors, and decreases as the temperature increases for
40 K < T < 300 K. The cotangent of the Hall angle was found to follow a+bT^2
behavior from Tc to 300 K. At T = 100 K, R_H = 4.1 x 10^{-11} m^3/C from which
hole carrier density was determined to be 1.5 x 10^{23}/cm^3. This carrier
density is 2 - 3 orders of magnitude larger than that of Nb3Sn superconductor
and that of optimally doped YBa_2Cu_3O_y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2553 </DOCNO>
Effect of strain on surface diffusion in semiconductor heteroepitaxy


  We present a first-principles analysis of the strain renormalization of the
cation diffusivity on the GaAs(001) surface. For the example of
In/GaAs(001)-c(4x4) it is shown that the binding of In is increased when the
substrate lattice is expanded. The diffusion barrier \Delta E(e) has a
non-monotonic strain dependence with a maximum at compressive strain values (e
< 0), while being a decreasing function for any tensile strain (e > 0) studied.
We discuss the consequences of spatial variations of both the binding energy
and the diffusion barrier of an adatom caused by the strain field around a
heteroepitaxial island. For a simplified geometry, we evaluate the speed of
growth of two coherently strained islands on the GaAs(001) surface and identify
a growth regime where island sizes tend to equalize during growth due to the
strain dependence of surface diffusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86302 </DOCNO>
On Higher-Dimensional Dynamics


  Technical results are presented on motion in N(>4)D manifolds to clarify the
physics of Kaluza-Klein theory, brane theory and string theory. The so-called
canonical or warp metric in 5D effectively converts the manifold from a
coordinate space to a momentum space, resulting in a new force (per unit mass)
parallel to the 4D velocity. The form of this extra force is actually
independent of the form of the metric, but for an unbound particle is tiny
because it is set by the energy density of the vacuum or cosmological constant.
It can be related to a small change in the rest mass of a particle, and can be
evaluated in two convenient gauges relevant to gravitational and quantum
systems. In the quantum gauge, the extra force leads to Heisenberg's relation
between increments in the position and momenta. If the 4D action is quantized
then so is the higher-dimensional part, implying that particle mass is
quantized, though only at a level of 10^{-65} gm or less which is unobservably
small. It is noted that massive particles which move on timeline paths in 4D
can move on null paths in 5D. This agrees with the view from inflationary
quantum field theory, that particles acquire mass dynamically in 4D but are
intrinsically massless. A general prescription for dynamics is outlined,
wherein particles move on null paths in an N(>4)D manifold which may be flat,
but have masses set by an embedded 4D manifold which is curved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72875 </DOCNO>
Property of Chiral Scalar and Axial-Vector Mesons in Heavy-Light Quark


  We investigate the properties of new scalar X_B, X_D and axial-vector X_B*,
X_D* mesons, which are recently predicted, in the covariant
meson-classification scheme, to exist as the partners of ground-state
pseudoscalar B, D and vector B*, D* mesons, respectively, realizing a linear
representation of chiral symmetry for the light quark component in
heavy-light-quark meson system. The mass splittings between the respective
chiral partners are shown to be equal, and the decay widths of one pion
emission of X_B, X_D, X_B* and X_D* become to have a common value, due to
chiral and heavy quark symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5269 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo simulation of the transmission of measles: Beyond the mass


  We present a Monte Carlo simulation of the transmission of measles within a
population sample during its growing and equilibrium states by introducing two
different vaccination schedules of one and two doses. We study the effects of
the contact rate per unit time $\xi $ as well as the initial conditions on the
persistence of the disease. We found a weak effect of the initial conditions
while the disease persists when $\xi $ lies in the range 1/L-10/L ($L$ being
the latent period). Further comparison with existing data, prediction of future
epidemics and other estimations of the vaccination efficiency are provided.
  Finally, we compare our approach to the models using the mass action
principle in the first and another epidemic region and found the incidence
independent of the number of susceptibles after the epidemic peak while it
strongly fluctuates in its growing region. This method can be easily applied to
other human, animals and vegetable diseases and includes more complicated
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1633 </DOCNO>
Deterministic Dynamics in the Minority Game


  The Minority Game (MG) behaves as a stochastically perturbed deterministic
system due to the coin-toss invoked to resolve tied strategies. Averaging over
this stochasticity yields a description of the MG's deterministic dynamics via
mapping equations for the strategy score and global information. The
strategy-score map contains both restoring-force and bias terms, whose
magnitudes depend on the game's quenched disorder. Approximate analytical
expressions are obtained and the effect of `market impact' discussed. The
global-information map represents a trajectory on a De Bruijn graph. For small
quenched disorder, an Eulerian trail represents a stable attractor. It is shown
analytically how anti-persistence arises. The response to perturbations and
different initial conditions are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85942 </DOCNO>
Spherically Symmetric Solutions of Gravitational Field Equations in


  Static spherically symmetric solution in a background spacetime with torsion
is derived explicitly. The torsion considered here is identified with the field
strength of a second rank antisymmetric tensor field namely the Kalb-Ramond
field and the proposed solution therefore has much significance in a string
inspired gravitational field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174736 </DOCNO>
Elastic scattering and breakup of 17^F at 10 MeV/nucleon


  Angular distributions of fluorine and oxygen produced from 170 MeV 17^F
incident on 208^Pb were measured. The elastic scattering data are in good
agreement with optical model calculations using a double-folding potential and
parameters similar to those obtained from 16^O+208^Pb. A large yield of oxygen
was observed near \theta_lab=36 deg. It is reproduced fairly well by a
calculation of the (17^F,16^O) breakup, which is dominated by one-proton
stripping reactions. The discrepancy between our previous coincidence
measurement and theoretical predictions was resolved by including core
absorption in the present calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73012 </DOCNO>
't Hooft and Wilson loop ratios in the QCD plasma


  The spatial 't Hooft loop measuring the electric flux and the spatial
Wilsonloop measuring the magnetic flux are analyzed in hot SU(N) gauge theory.
Both display area laws. On one hand the tension of the 't Hooft loop is
perturbatively calculable, in the same sense as the pressure. We show that the
O(g^3) contribution is absent. The ratio of multi-charged 't Hooft loops have a
remarkably simple dependence on the charge, true up to, but not including,
O(g^4). This dependence follows also from a simple model of free screened
colour charges. On the other hand the surface tension of the Wilsonloop is
non-perturbative. But in a model of screened free monopoles at very high
temperature the known area law follows. The density of these monopoles starts
to contribute to O(g^6) to the pressure. The ratio of the multicharged Wilson
loops is calculable and identical to that of the 't Hooft loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76453 </DOCNO>
Baryon magnetic moments in the effective quark Lagrangian approach


  An effective quark Lagrangian is derived from first principles through
bilocal gluon field correlators. It is used to write down equations for
baryons, containing both perturbative and nonperturbative fields. As a result
one obtains magnetic moments of octet and decuplet baryons without introduction
of constituent quark masses and using only string tension as an input. Magnetic
moments come out on average in reasonable agreement with experiment, except for
nucleons and $\Sigma^-$. The predictions for the proton and neutron are shown
to be in close agreement with the empirical values once we choose the string
tension such to yield the proper nucleon mass. Pionic corrections to the
nucleon magnetic moments have been estimated. In particular, the total result
of the two-body current contributions are found to be small. Inclusion of the
anomalous magnetic moment contributions from pion and kaon loops leads to an
improvement of the predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129477 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Two Types of X-ray Dips in Cyg X-1


  We observed Cyg X-1 with {\em RXTE} contiguously over its 5.6-day binary
orbit. The source was found to be in the hard state throughout the observation.
Many intensity dips were detected in the X-ray light curves. We found that the
dips fell into two distinct categories based on their spectral properties. One
type exhibits strong energy-dependent attenuation of X-ray emission at low
energies during a dip, which is characteristic of photoelectric absorption, but
the other type shows nearly energy-independent attenuation. While the first
type of dips are likely caused by density enhancement in an inhomogeneous wind
of the companion star, as previous studies have indicated, the second type
might be due to partial obscuration of an extended X-ray emitting region by
optically thick ``clumps'' in the accretion flow. It is also possible that the
latter are caused by a momentary decrease in the X-ray luminosity of the
source, due, for instance, to a decrease in the mass accretion rate, or by
Thomson scattering in highly ionized ``clumps''. We discuss the implications of
these scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179195 </DOCNO>
Prolate dominance of nuclear shape caused by a strong interference


  The origin of the dominance of prolate shapes over oblate ones of the ground
states of atomic nuclei is investigated with the Nilsson-Strutinsky method. The
number of prolate nuclei among all the deformed even-even nuclei is calculated
as a function of the strengths of the spin-orbit and the l^2 terms of the
Nilsson potential. The latter simulates a square-well like radial profile of
the mean potential. The ratio of prolate nuclei is 86% with the standard
strengths corresponding to the actual atomic nuclei. By weakening the
spin-orbit potential, the ratio oscillates strongly, having a local minimum
value of 45% with a half of the standard strength and a local maximum value of
78% without the spin-orbit potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2862 </DOCNO>
Beyond the random phase approximation in the Singwi-Sj\"olander theory


  We study the $\nu=1/2$ Chern-Simons system and consider a self-consistent
field theory of the Singwi-Sj\"olander type which goes beyond the random phase
approximation (RPA). By considering the Heisenberg equation of motion for the
longitudinal momentum operator, we are able to show that the zero-frequency
density-density response function vanishes linearly in long wavelength limit
independent of any approximation. From this analysis, we derive a consistency
condition for a decoupling of the equal time density-density and
density-momentum correlation functions. By using the Heisenberg equation of
motion of the Wigner distribution function with a decoupling of the correlation
functions which respects this consistency condition, we calculate the response
functions of the $\nu=1/2$ system. In our scheme, we get a density-density
response function which vanishes linearly in the Coulomb case for
zero-frequency in the long wavelength limit. Furthermore, we derive the
compressibility, and the Landau energy as well as the Coulomb energy. These
energies are in better agreement to numerical and exact results, respectively,
than the energies calculated in the RPA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77020 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle Production in Nucleus-Nucleus Interactions at High Energh


  We present and discuss results on multiplicity and angular distributions of
shower particles produced in silicon-nucleus collisions at 4.5 A GeV/c. These
results are compared with those obtained for different values of impact
parameter. Shower width distribution has also been investigated .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4684 </DOCNO>
Absence of Edge Localized Moments in the Doped Spin-Peierls System


  We report the observation of nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) of Cu from
the sites near the doping center in the spin-Peierls system
CuGe$_{1-x}$Si$_{x}$O$_3$. The signal appears as the satellites in the Cu NQR
spectrum, and has a suppressed nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate indicative
of a singlet correlation rather than an enhanced magnetic correlation near the
doping center. Signal loss of Cu nuclei with no neighboring Si is also
observed. We conclude from these observations that the doping-induced moments
are not in the vicinity of the doping center but rather away from it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 911 </DOCNO>
Substrate-effect on the magnetic microstructure of


  Colossal magnetoresistive (CMR) La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$ (LSMO) thin
films have been grown under tensile strains on (100)-SrTiO$_{3}$ substrates and
compressive strains on (100)-LaAlO$_{3}$ and (110)-NdGaO$_{3}$ substrates by
pulsed laser deposition.
 Using magnetic force microscopy (MFM), a "feather-like" magnetic pattern,
characteristic of films with an in-plane magnetization, is observed for films
deposited on both SrTiO$_{3}$ and NdGaO$_{3}$ while a "bubble" magnetic
pattern, typical of films with an out-of plane magnetization, is recorded for
LaAlO$_{3}$. We show that the shape of the magnetic pattern imaged by MFM is
fully correlated to the easy direction of the magnetization in the film.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40736 </DOCNO>
Higgs and B physics in Run II


  In Run II at the Tevatron, the major goal of the upgraded CDF and \dzero
detectors is a Higgs search in the mass range of 110-200 GeV. They will also
contribute significantly to B physics. Among many possibilities they will be
able to measure rare decays of B mesons and improve our knowledge of CP
violation in B system through study of B mixing. Various aspects of Higgs and B
physics in Run II are discussed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41059 </DOCNO>
B Hadron Production and b-bbar Correlations in Z0 Decays at SLD


  We present results of three SLD analyses: our final determination of the rate
of gluon splitting into b-bbar, an improved measurement of the inclusive b
quark fragmentation function in Z0 decays, and a preliminary first measurement
of the energy correlation between the two leading B hadrons in Z0 decays. Our
results are obtained using hadronic \z0decays produced in e+e- annihilations at
the Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) between 1996 and 1998 and collected in the
SLC Large Detector (SLD). In this period, we used an upgraded vertex detector
with wide acceptance and excellent impact parameter resolution, thus improving
considerably our tagging capability for low-energy B hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129077 </DOCNO>
Modeling Charge Transfer Inefficiency in the Chandra Advanced CCD


  The front-illuminated (FI) CCDs in the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer
(ACIS) on the Chandra X-ray Observatory (Chandra) were damaged in the extreme
environment of the Earth's radiation belts, causing charge traps that result in
enhanced charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) during parallel readout. This
causes row-dependent gain, event grade `morphing' (spatial redistribution of
charge) and energy resolution degradation.
  The ACIS back-illuminated (BI) CCDs also exhibit pronounced CTI due to their
manufacturing. It is mild enough that position-dependent energy resolution is
not seen, but it is present in both parallel and serial registers. This CTI
also changes the gain and event grades, in a spatially complicated way as
parallel and serial CTI interact.
  Given these realities, we have developed and tuned a phenomenological model
of CTI for both FI and BI CCDs and incorporated it into our Monte Carlo
simulations of the ACIS CCDs. It models charge loss and the spatial
redistribution of charge (trailing), thus reproducing the spatially-dependent
gain and grade distribution seen in all ACIS CCDs and the row-dependent energy
resolution seen in the FI devices. Here we explore the evidence for CTI,
compare our simulations to data, and present a technique for CTI correction
based on forward modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123412 </DOCNO>
AGN Population at 10^-13 erg s-1 cm-2: Results from Optical


  In this paper, results of optical identification of ASCA surveys are
summarized. To understand luminous AGNs in the z<1 universe, the ASCA AGN
sample is still better than samples of AGNs from deep Chandra or XMM-Newton
surveys. Combining the identified sample of AGNs from ASCA Large Sky Survey and
Medium Sensitivity Survey, the sample of hard X-ray selected AGNs have been
expanded up to about 80 AGNs above the flux limit of 10^{-13} erg s^{-1}
cm^{-2} in the 2-10keV band. One fifth of the ASCA AGNs are absorbed
narrow-line AGNs. The luminosity distribution of the absorbed AGNs is limited
below 10^{45} erg s^{-1}, though there are 14 non-absorbed broad-line AGNs are
detected above the luminosity. The result suggests lack of absorbed luminous
AGNs (deficiency of type 2 QSO).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85906 </DOCNO>
Conformally flat anisotropic spheres in general relativity


  The condition for the vanishing of the Weyl tensor is integrated in the
spherically symmetric case. Then, the resulting expression is used to find new,
conformally flat, interior solutions to Einstein equations for locally
anisotropic fluids. The slow evolution of these models is contrasted with the
evolution of models with similar energy density or radial pressure distribution
but non-vanishing Weyl tensor, thereby bringing out the different role played
by the Weyl tensor, the local anisotropy of pressure and the inhomogeneity of
the energy density in the collapse of relativistic spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86101 </DOCNO>
On the Bergmann Energy-Momentum Complex of a Charged Regular Black Hole


  We use the Bergmann energy-momentum complex to calculate the energy of a
charged regular black hole. The energy distribution is the same as we obtained
in the Einstein prescription. Also, we get the expression of the energy in the
Bergmann prescription for a general spherically symmetric space-time of the
Kerr-Schild class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149066 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics: The Two-Dimensional Central Field


  Quantum mechanics in a noncommutative plane is considered. For a general two
dimensional central field, we find that the theory can be perturbatively solved
for large values of the noncommutative parameter ($\theta$) and explicit
expressions for the eigenstates and eigenvalues are given. The Green function
is explicitly obtained and we show that it can be expressed as an infinite
series. For polynomial type potentials, we found a smooth limit for small
values of $\theta$ and for non-polynomial ones this limit is necessarily
abrupt. The Landau problem, as a limit case of a noncommutative system, is also
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 203 </DOCNO>
Orientational transitions in a nematic confined by competing surfaces


  The effect of confinement on the orientational structure of a nematic liquid
crystal model has been investigated by using a version of density-functional
theory (DFT). We have focused on the case of a nematic confined by opposing
flat surfaces, in slab geometry (slit pore), which favor planar molecular
alignment (parallel to the surface) and homeotropic alignment (perpendicular to
the surface), respectively. The spatial dependence of the tilt angle of the
director with respect to the surface normal has been studied, as well as the
tensorial order parameter describing the molecular order around the director.
For a pore of given width, we find that, for weak surface fields, the alignment
of the nematic director is perpendicular to the surface in a region next to the
surface favoring homeotropic alignment, and parallel along the rest of the
pore, with a interface separating these regions (S phase). For strong surface
fields, the director is distorted uniformly, the tilt angle exhibiting a linear
dependence with the distance normal to the surface (L phase). Our calculations
reveal the existence of a first-order transition between the two director
configurations, which is driven by changes in the surface field strength, and
also by changes in the pore width. In the latter case the transition occurs,
for a given surface field, between the S phase for narrow pores and the L phase
for wider pores. A link between the L-S transition and the anchoring transition
observed for the semi-infinite case is proposed. We also provide calculations
with a phenomenological approach that yields the same main result that DFT in
the scale length where this is valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75809 </DOCNO>
Massive Quark Propagator in the Color-superconducting Phase


  A more general expression for the quark propagator including both chiral and
diquark condensates has been derived by using energy projectors. This makes it
possible to study the phase transition from hadron phase to color
superconductivity phase in the moderate baryon density region by using Feynman
diagrammatic method or Green-function method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6177 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Quantum Field Theory: From Linear Response


  This thesis is devoted to studying aspects of real-time nonequilibrium
dynamics in quantum field theory by implementing an initial value formulation
of quantum field theory. The main focus is on the linear relaxation of mean
fields and quantum kinetics in nonequilibrium multiparticle quantum systems
with potential applications to ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions,
cosmological phase transitions and condensed matter systems. We first study the
damping of fermion mean fields in a fermion-scalar plasma with a view towards
understanding baryon transport phenomena during electroweak baryogenesis.
Secondly, we apply and extend the renormalization group method to study
nonequilibrium dynamics with the goals of constructing a quantum kinetic
description that goes beyond usual Boltzmann kinetics and understanding
anomalous relaxation associated with infrared phenomena. The final part of this
thesis presents a real-time kinetic analysis of direct photon production from a
quark-gluon plasma created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. We show
that the direct photon yield is significantly enhanced by the lowest order
energy-nonconserving processes originated in the transient lifetime of the
quark-gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84066 </DOCNO>
Guaranteeing the diversity of number generators


  A major problem in using iterative number generators of the form
$x_i=f(x_{i-1})$ is that they can enter unexpectedly short cycles. This is hard
to analyze when the generator is designed, hard to detect in real time when the
generator is used, and can have devastating cryptanalytic implications. In this
paper we define a measure of security, called \emph{sequence diversity}, which
generalizes the notion of cycle-length for non-iterative generators. We then
introduce the class of counter assisted generators, and show how to turn any
iterative generator (even a bad one designed or seeded by an adversary) into a
counter assisted generator with a provably high diversity, without reducing the
quality of generators which are already cryptographically strong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86908 </DOCNO>
Angular momentum effects in Michelson-Morley type experiments


  The effect of the angular momentum density of a gravitational source on the
times of flight of light rays in an interferometer is analyzed. The calculation
is made imagining that the interferometer is at the equator of the gravity
source and, as long as possible, the metric, provided it is stationary and
axisymmetric, is not approximated. Finally, in order to evaluate the size of
the effect in the case of the Earth a weak field approximation is introduced.
For laboratory scales and non-geodesic paths the correction turns out to be
comparable with the sensitivity expected in gravitational waves interferometric
detectors, whereas it drops under the threshold of detectability when using
free (geodesic) light rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73684 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Domain Wall by Hawking Radiation: Baryogenesis and Dark


  We show that a spherical electroweak domain wall is formed around a small
black hole and this is a general property of the Hawking radiation in the
vacuum of the Standard Model. The wall appears not only for the first order
phase transition in the electroweak theory but also for the second order one
because the black hole heats up its neighborhood locally by the Hawking
radiation in any case. We propose a model for unifying the origin of the baryon
number and the cold dark matter in our universe by using properties of the
primordial black hole with a mass of several hundred kilograms. The interaction
between our wall and the Hawking-radiated-particles can create a baryon number
which is proportional to the mass of the black hole as well as the CP broken
phase in the extension of the Standard Model. Our model can explain both the
baryon-entropy ratio B/S \sim 10^{-10} and the energy density of the dark
matter, provided that the following three conditions are satisfied: (i) the
primordial black holes dominate in the early universe, (ii) the CP broken phase
in the wall is in the order of one and (iii) any black hole leaves a stable
remnant with a Planck mass after its evaporation. Our model also predicts a
cosmological graviton background with a peak-energy 120 \sim 280 eV in the
present universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168869 </DOCNO>
Privacy Amplification in Quantum Key Distribution: Pointwise Bound


  In order to be practically useful, quantum cryptography must not only provide
a guarantee of secrecy, but it must provide this guarantee with a useful,
sufficiently large throughput value. The standard result of generalized privacy
amplification yields an upper bound only on the average value of the mutual
information available to an eavesdropper. Unfortunately this result by itself
is inadequate for cryptographic applications. A naive application of the
standard result leads one to incorrectly conclude that an acceptable upper
bound on the mutual information has been achieved. It is the pointwise value of
the bound on the mutual information, associated with the use of some specific
hash function, that corresponds to actual implementations. We provide a fully
rigorous mathematical derivation that shows how to obtain a cryptographically
acceptable upper bound on the actual, pointwise value of the mutual
information. Unlike the bound on the average mutual information, the value of
the upper bound on the pointwise mutual information and the number of bits by
which the secret key is compressed are specified by two different parameters,
and the actual realization of the bound in the pointwise case is necessarily
associated with a specific failure probability. The constraints amongst these
parameters, and the effect of their values on the system throughput, have not
been previously analyzed. We show that the necessary shortening of the key
dictated by the cryptographically correct, pointwise bound, can still produce
viable throughput rates that will be useful in practice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74947 </DOCNO>
Properties of near-zero modes and chiral symmetry breaking


  We study localization and chirality properties of eigenvectors of the lattice
Dirac operator. In particular we focus on the dependence of our observables on
the size of the corresponding eigenvalue, which allows us to study the
transition of a near-zero mode into a bulk mode. We analyze ensembles of
quenched SU(3) configurations using a Dirac operator which is a systematic
expansion in path length of a solution of the Ginsparg-Wilson equation. Our
results support the interpretation of the excitations relevant for chiral
symmetry breaking as interacting instantons and anti-instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97141 </DOCNO>
Geodesics in stationary spacetimes. Application to Kerr spacetime


  The Levi-Civita connection and geodesic equations for a stationary spacetime
are studied in depth. General formulae which generalize those for warped
products are obtained. These results are applicated to some regions of Kerr
spacetime previously studied by using variational methods. We show that they
are neither space-convex nor geodesically connected. Moreover, the whole
stationary part of Kerr spacetime is not geodesically connected, except when
the angular momentum is equal to zero (Schwarzschild spacetime).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7182 </DOCNO>
Quantum transport through mesoscopic disordered interfaces, junctions,


  The study explores perpendicular transport through macroscopically
inhomogeneous three-dimensional disordered conductors using mesoscopic methods
(real-space Green function technique in a two-probe measuring geometry). The
nanoscale samples (containing $\sim1000$ atoms) are modeled by a tight-binding
Hamiltonian on a simple cubic lattice where disorder is introduced in the
on-site potential energy. I compute the transport properties of: disordered
metallic junctions formed by concatenating two homogenous samples with
different kinds of microscopic disorder, a single strongly disordered
interface, and multilayers composed of such interfaces and homogeneous layers
characterized by different strength of the same type of microscopic disorder.
This allows us to: contrast resistor model (semiclassical) approach with fully
quantum description of dirty mesoscopic multilayers; study the transmission
properties of dirty interfaces (where Schep-Bauer distribution of transmission
eigenvalues is confirmed for single interface, as well as for the stack of such
interfaces that is thinner than the localization length); and elucidate the
effect of coupling to ideal leads (``measuring apparatus'') on the conductance
of both bulk conductors and dirty interfaces When multilayer contains a
ballistic layer in between two interfaces, its disorder-averaged conductance
oscillates as a function of Fermi energy. I also address some fundamental
issues in quantum transport theory--the relationship between Kubo formula in
exact state representation and ``mesoscopic Kubo formula'' (which gives the
zero-temperature conductance of a finite-size sample attached to two
semi-infinite ideal leads) is thoroughly reexamined by comparing their answers
for both the junctions and homogeneous samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123858 </DOCNO>
The tensor virial method and its applications to self-gravitating


  This review starts with a discussion of the hierarchy of scales, relevant to
the description of superfluids in neutron stars, which motivates a subsequent
elementary exposition of the Newtonian superfluid hydrodynamics. Starting from
the Euler equations for a superfluid and a normal fluid we apply the tensor
virial method to obtain the virial equations of the first, second, and third
order and to compute their Eulerian perturbations. Special emphasis is put on
the computation of perturbations of the new terms due to mutual gravitational
attraction and mutual friction between the two fluids. The oscillation modes of
superfluid Maclaurin spheroids are derived from the first and second order
perturbed virial equations. We discuss two generic classes of oscillation modes
which correspond to the co-moving and relative oscillations of two fluids.
These modes decouple if the normal fluid is inviscid. We also discuss the
mixing of these modes (when the normal fluid is viscous) and its effect on the
dynamical and secular instabilities of the co-moving modes and their damping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73713 </DOCNO>
Deconfining by Winding


  A model for the quantum effective description of the vacuum structure of
thermalized SU(3) Yang-Mills theory is proposed. The model is based on Abelian
projection leading to a Ginzburg-Landau theory for the magnetic sector. The
possibility of topologically non-trivial, effective monopole fields in the
deconfining phase is explored. These fields are assumed to be
Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield saturated solutions along the compact, euclidean
time dimension. Accordingly, a gauge invariant interaction for the monopole
fields is constructed.
  Motivated by the corresponding lattice results the vacuum dynamics is assumed
to be dominated by the monopole fields. A reasonable value for the critical
temperature is obtained, and the partial persistence of non-perturbative
features in the deconfining phase of SU(3) Yang-Mills theory, as it is measured
on the lattice, follows naturally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150189 </DOCNO>
Extended chiral algebras in the SU(2)_0 WZNW model


  We investigate the W-algebras generated by the integer dimension chiral
primary operators of the SU(2)_0 WZNW model. These have a form almost identical
to that found in the c=-2 model but have, in addition, an extended Kac-Moody
structure. Moreover on Hamiltonian reduction these SU(2)_0 W-algebras exactly
reduce to those found in c=-2. We explicitly find the free field
representations for the chiral j=2 and j=3 operators which have respectively a
fermionic doublet and bosonic triplet nature. The correlation functions of
these operators accounts for the rational solutions of the
Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation that we find. We explicitly compute the full
algebra of the j=2 operators and find that the associativity of the algebra is
only guaranteed if certain null vectors decouple from the theory. We conjecture
that these algebras may produce a quasi-rational conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127412 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. V. 1 Ms Source Catalogs


  An extremely deep X-ray survey (about 1 Ms) of the Hubble Deep Field North
and its environs (about 450 arcmin^2) has been performed with the Advanced CCD
Imaging Spectrometer on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. This is one of the
two deepest X-ray surveys ever performed; for point sources near the aim point
it reaches 0.5-2.0 keV and 2-8 keV flux limits of 3 x 10^{-17} erg/cm^2/s and 2
x 10^{-16} erg/cm^2/s, respectively. Here we provide source catalogs along with
details of the observations, data reduction, and technical analysis. Observing
conditions, such as background, were excellent for almost all of the exposure.
We have detected 370 distinct point sources: 360 in the 0.5-8.0 keV band, 325
in the 0.5-2.0 keV band, 265 in the 2-8 keV band, and 145 in the 4-8 keV band.
Two new Chandra sources in the HDF-N itself are reported and discussed. Source
positions are accurate to within 0.6-1.7 arcsec (at 90% confidence) depending
mainly on the off-axis angle. We also detect two highly significant extended
X-ray sources and several other likely extended X-ray sources. We present basic
number count results for sources located near the center of the field. Source
densities of 7100^{+1100}_{-940} deg^{-2} (at 4.2 x 10^{-17} erg/cm^2/s) and
4200^{+670}_{-580} deg^{-2} (at 3.8 x 10^{-16} erg/cm^2/s) are observed in the
soft and hard bands, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81156 </DOCNO>
Speeding up the Hybrid-Monte-Carlo algorithm for dynamical fermions


  We propose a modification of the Hybrid-Monte-Carlo algorithm that allows for
a larger step-size of the integration scheme at constant acceptance rate. The
key ingredient is that the pseudo-fermion action is split into two parts. We
test our proposal at the example of the two-dimensional lattice Schwinger model
with two degenerate flavours of Wilson-fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98146 </DOCNO>
Enumeration of Isomorphism Classes of Extensions of p-adic Fields


  Let $\Omega$ be an algebraic closure of ${\mathbb Q}_p$ and let $F$ be a
finite extension of ${\mathbb Q}_p$ contained in $\Omega$. Given positive
integers $f$ and $e$, the number of extensions $K/F$ contained in $\Omega$ with
residue degree $f$ and ramification index $e$ was computed by Krasner. This
paper is concerned with the number ${\mathfrak I}(F,f,e)$ of $F$-isomorphism
classes of such extensions. We determine ${\mathfrak I}(F,f,e)$ completely when
$p^2\nmid e$ and get partial results when $p^2\parallel e$. When $s$ is large,
${\mathfrak I}({\mathbb Q}_p,f,e)$ is equal to the number of isomorphism
classes of finite commutative chain rings with residue field ${\mathbb
F}_{p^f}$, ramification index $e$, and length $s$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76557 </DOCNO>
Experimental Studies of Diffractive Processes at the Tevatron


  We review the diffractive measurements made by the CDF and D\O\
collaborations during Run I at the Tevatron and summarize the detector upgrades
relevant for the Run II diffractive physics program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74143 </DOCNO>
The Kugo-Ojima Confinement Criterion from Dyson-Schwinger Equations


  Prerequisites of confinement in the covariant and local description of QCD
are reviewed. In particular, the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion, the
positivity violations of transverse gluon and quark states, and the conditions
necessary to avoid the decomposition property for colored clusters are
discussed. In Landau gauge QCD, the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion follows
from the ghost Dyson-Schwinger equation if the corresponding Green's functions
can be expanded in an asymptotic series. Furthermore, the infrared behaviour of
the propagators in Landau gauge QCD as extracted from solutions to truncated
Dyson-Schwinger equations and lattice simulations is discussed in the light of
these issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77074 </DOCNO>
Large Solar Neutrino Mixing in an Extended Zee Model


  The Zee model, which employs the standard Higgs scalar ($\phi$) with its
duplicate ($\phi^\prime$) and a singly charged scalar ($h^+$), can utilize two
global symmetries associated with the conservation of the numbers of $\phi$ and
$\phi^\prime$, $N_{\phi,\phi^\prime}$, where $N_\phi+N_{\phi^\prime}$ coincides
with the hypercharge while $N_\phi-N_{\phi^\prime}$ ($\equiv X$) is a new
conserved charge, which is identical to $L_e-L_\mu-L_\tau$ for the left-handed
leptons. Charged leptons turn out to have $e$-$\mu$ and $e$-$\tau$ mixing
masses, which are found to be crucial for the large solar neutrino mixing. In
an extended version of the Zee model with an extra triplet Higgs scalar (s),
neutrino oscillations are described by three steps: 1) the maximal atmospheric
mixing is induced by democratic mass terms supplied by $s$ with $X$=2 that can
initiate the type II seesaw mechanism for the smallness of these masses; 2) the
maximal solar neutrino mixing is triggered by the creation of radiative masses
by $h^+$ with $X$ = 0; 3) the large solar neutrino mixing is finally induced by
a $\nu_\mu$-$\nu_\tau$ mixing arising from the rotation of the radiative mass
terms as a result of the diagonalization that converts $e$-$\mu$ and $e$-$\tau$
mixing masses into the electron mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73568 </DOCNO>
Semi-hard scatterings at RHIC and LHC: initial conditions and charged


  Minijet production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions is discussed by
taking semi-hard parton rescatterings explicitly into account. At both RHIC and
LHC energies we find sizable effects on global characteristics of the nuclear
collision like the initial multiplicity and transverse energy of the minijets.
The dependence of these quantities on the cutoff that separates soft and hard
interactions becomes much smoother after the inclusion of the rescatterings.
This allows to define an energy and centrality dependent saturation cutoff and
to push perturbative computations to rather low values of the cutoff. As an
application we compute the charged multiplicity at mid rapidity and compare it
to the recent RHIC data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98689 </DOCNO>
Notes on universal algebra


  These are notes of a mini-course given at Dennisfest in June 2001. The goal
of these notes is to give a self-contained survey of deformation quantization,
operad theory, and graph homology. Some new results related to "String
Topology" and cacti are announced in Section 2.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5568 </DOCNO>
Power-law size distribution of supercritical random trees


  The probability distribution P(k) of the sizes k of critical trees (branching
ratio m=1) is well known to show a power-law behavior k^(-3/2). Such behavior
corresponds to the mean-field approximation for many critical and
self-organized critical phenomena. Here we show numerically and analytically
that also supercritical trees (branching ration m>1) are "critical" in that
their size distribution obeys a power-law k^(-2). We mention some possible
applications of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74437 </DOCNO>
Testing Fundamental Ideas with $\nu $'s


  Fundamental questions in neutrino physics are likely to be resolved by
upcoming experiments. Neutrino masses require either new Higgs particles or
sterile neutrinos. Their masses, couplings, and habitat are yet to be
determined. Neutrino physics is particularly sensitive to brane ideas as the
extra particles are electroweak singlets and may free-range in the bulk. We
outline some of the important theoretical ideas for generating neutrino masses,
and how experiments will affect their longevity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125569 </DOCNO>
The Distance to SN 1999em from the Expanding Photosphere Method


  We present optical and IR spectroscopy of the first two months of evolution
of the Type II SN 1999em. We combine these data with high-quality optical/IR
photometry beginning only three days after shock breakout, in order to study
the performance of the ``Expanding Photosphere Method'' (EPM) in the
determination of distances. With this purpose we develop a technique to measure
accurate photospheric velocities by cross-correlating observed and model
spectra. The application of this technique to SN 1999em shows that we can reach
an average uncertainty of 11% in velocity from an individual spectrum. Our
analysis shows that EPM is quite robust to the effects of dust. In particular,
the distances derived from the VI filters change by only 7% when the adopted
visual extinction in the host galaxy is varied by 0.45 mag. The superb time
sampling of the BVIZJHK light-curves of SN 1999em permits us to study the
internal consistency of EPM and test the dilution factors computed from
atmosphere models for Type II plateau supernovae. We find that, in the first
week since explosion, the EPM distances are up to 50% lower than the average,
possibly due the presence of circumstellar material. Over the following 65
days, on the other hand, our tests lend strong credence to the atmosphere
models, and confirm previous claims that EPM can produce consistent distances
without having to craft specific models to each supernova. This is particularly
true for the VI filters which yield distances with an internal consistency of
4%. From the whole set of BVIZJHK photometry, we obtain an average distance of
7.5+/-0.5 Mpc, where the quoted uncertainty (7%) is a conservative estimate of
the internal precision of the method obtained from the analysis of the first 70
days of the supernova evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5236 </DOCNO>
Ensemble equivalence for non-extensive thermostatistics


  We compute the internal energy of different Ising type models, both
long-range and short-range, under Tsallis statistics using the microcanonical
and the canonical ensembles and we discuss under which conditions both
ensembles give equivalent results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7060 </DOCNO>
Spin-polarized tunneling through a thin-film


  The effect of spin-disorder scattering on perpendicular transport in a
magnetic monolayer is considered within the single-site Coherent Potential
Approximation (CPA). The exchange interaction between a conduction electron and
localized moment of the magnetic ion is treated with the use of the $s-f$
model. Electron-spin polarization is evaluated in the tunnel current which
comes from the different densities of spin-up, spin-down conduction electrons
at the Fermi level in a ferromagnetic semiconductor (EuS). Calculated results
are compared with some tunneling experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74621 </DOCNO>
Extracting the Flavour Structure of a Baryon-Number R-parity Violating


  The detection of the flavour content of jets produced from R-parity violating
neutralino decays is investigated in the case where one baryon-number violating
coupling dominates. Simulations are performed of the ATLAS experiment at the
LHC for all couplings, other than lambda"_tjk since neutralino decays through
these couplings are very suppressed. Secondary vertex distributions and muons
produced by heavy-quark (b- and c-) jets allow discrimination between LSP decay
modes. The dominant coupling can be identified at better than 3.5 sigma in
almost all cases, with the only remaining ambiguity caused by the inability to
distinguish strange from down quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72944 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Explicit CP Violation from the Brookhaven Muon g-2


  We use the recently derived CP phase dependent analytic results for the
supersymmetric electro-weak correction to $g_{\mu}-2$ to constrain the explicit
CP phases in softly broken supersymmetry using the new physics effect seen in
the g-2 Brookhaven measurement. It is shown that the BNL data strongly
constrains the CP violating phase $\theta_{\mu}$ (the phase of the Higgs mixing
parameter $\mu$) and $\xi_2$ (the phase of the SU(2) gaugino mass $\tilde m_2$)
and as much as 60-90% of the region in the $\xi_2-\theta_{\mu}$ plane is
eliminated over a significant region of the MSSM parameter space by the BNL
constraint. The region of CP phases not excluded by the BNL experiment allows
for large phases and for a satisfaction of the EDM constraints via the
cancellation mechanism. We find several models with large CP violation which
satisfy the EDM constraint via the cancellation mechanism and produce an
$a_{\mu}^{SUSY}$ consistent with the new physics signal seen by the Brookhaven
experiment. The sparticle spectrum of these models lies within reach of the
planned accelerator experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41051 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of the D*+ Width


  We have made the first measurement of the D*+ width using 9/fb of e+e- data
collected near the Y4S resonance by the CLEO II.V detector. Our method uses
advanced tracking techniques and a reconstruction method that takes advantage
of the small vertical size of the CESR beam spot to measure the energy release
distribution from the D*+ -> D0 pi+ decay. Our preliminary result is
  Gamma(D*+) = 96 +- 4 (Statistical) +- 22 (Systematic) keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168260 </DOCNO>
The physics of forgetting: Landauer's erasure principle and information


  This article discusses the concept of information and its intimate
relationship with physics. After an introduction of all the necessary quantum
mechanical and information theoretical concepts we analyze Landauer's principle
that states that the erasure of information is inevitably accompanied by the
generation of heat. We employ this principle to rederive a number of results in
classical and quantum information theory whose rigorous mathematical
derivations are difficult. This demonstrates the usefulness of Landauer's
principle and provides an introduction to the physical theory of information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125277 </DOCNO>
VLT Spectroscopy of Galaxies Lensed by Abell AC114: Implication for the


  We present the first results of a spectroscopic survey of faint lensed
galaxie s in the core of the galaxy cluster AC114 (z=0.312) obtained from
observations w ith the FORS1 spectrograph mounted on the VLT-Antu. The galaxies
were chose n in areas close to the high-z critical lines predicted by the
gravitational lens model of Natarajan et al (NKSE, 1998) for this cluster,
according to both lensing and photometric redshift criteria. All the target
galaxies are found to correspond to background galaxies with redshifts values
in the [0.7, 3.5] interval. Our spectroscopic observations confirm the
predicted lensing redshifts for 3 of the multiple-image galaxies, and together
with predictions of the NKSE model led to the discovery of a new 5-image
configuration at redshift z=3.347. A revised NKSE model, compatible with the
redshift of this new multiple-image system, was generated and employed to
calculate the gravitational amplifications of all the observed galaxies. The
galaxies corresponding to the multiple-image systems are found to be
intrinsically fainter, between 0.5 and 1.5 magnitudes, than the limiting
magnitudes of existing blank field studies. When all the observed background
galaxies are considered, the resulting intrinsic absolute magnitudes range from
M_B~-22 to -19. Therefore, a large gain in sensitivity towards low luminosity
high-z objects can actually be obtained, in agreement with theoretical
expectations. This method can be used advantageously to probe the high redshift
Universe and, in particular, its application to an ensemble of massive cluster
cores could constraint the faint end of luminosity function of high redshift
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125126 </DOCNO>
The Detection of a Cooling Flow Elliptical Galaxy from OVI Emission


  Cooling flow models for the hot gas in elliptical galaxies predict that gas
is cooling at a rate of ~ 1 solar mass/yr, yet there is little evidence for
this phenomenon beyond the X-ray waveband. If hot gas is cooling, it will pass
through the 3x10^5 K regime and radiate in the OVI 1032,1038 ultraviolet lines,
which can be detected with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)
and here we report on FUSE observations of the X-ray bright early-type galaxies
NGC 1404 and NGC 4636. In NGC 1404, the OVI doublet is not detected, implying a
cooling rate < 0.3 solar masses/yr, which is below the predicted values from
the cooling flow model of 0.4-0.9 solar masses/yr. In NGC 4636, both OVI lines
are clearly detected, indicating a cooling rate of 0.43 +/- 0.06 solar
masses/yr, which falls within the range of values from the cooling flow
prediction, 0.36-2.3 solar masses/yr and is closest to the model where the
production of the cooled gas is distributed through the galaxy. The emission
line widths, 44 +/- 15 km/s, are close to the Doppler broadening value (30
km/s), indicating that the flow is quiescent rather than turbulent, and that
the flow velocity is < 30 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125664 </DOCNO>
The oxygen abundance distribution in M101


  The well-observed spiral galaxy M101 was considered. The radial distributions
of oxygen abundances determined in three different ways (with the classic Te -
method, with the R23 - method, and with the P -- method) were compared. It was
found that the parameters (the central oxygen abundance and the gradient) of
the radial O/H(P) abundance distribution are close to those of the O/H(Te)
abundance distribution. The parameters of the O/H(R23) abundance distribution
differ significantly from those of the O/H(Te) abundance distribution: the
central O/H(R23) oxygen abundance is higher by around 0.4dex and the gradient
is steeper by a factor of around 1.5 as compared to those values in the O/H(Te)
abundance distribution.
   The dispersion in O/H(P) abundance at fixed radius is rather small, around
0.08 dex, and is equal to that in O/H(Te) abundance. The dispersion in O/H(R23)
abundance at fixed radius is appreciably larger, around 0.16 dex, compared to
that in O/H(Te) abundance. It has been shown that the extra dispersion in
O/H(R23) abundances is an artifact and reflects scatter in excitation parameter
P at fixed radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41576 </DOCNO>
CATCH 1.4 User's Guide


  The Monte Carlo program CATCH (Capture And Transport of CHarged particles in
a crystal) for the simulation of planar channelling in bent crystals is
presented. The program tracks a charged particle through the distorted-crystal
lattice with the use of continuous-potential approximation and the
non-diffusion approach to the processes of scattering on electrons and nuclei.
The output consists of the exit angular distributions, the energy loss spectra,
and the spectra of any close-encounter process of interest. The curvature
variability, face twist, and various surface imperfections of the real crystal
can be taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6378 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Mean-Field Glass Model with Reversible Mode Coupling and Trivial


  Often the current mode coupling theory (MCT) of glass transitions is compared
with mean field theories. We explore this possible correspondence. After
showing a simple-minded derivation of MCT with some difficulties we give a
concise account of our toy model developed to gain more insight into MCT. We
then reduce this toy model by adiabatically eliminating rapidly varying
velocity-like variables to obtain a Fokker-Planck equation for the slowly
varying density-like variables where diffusion matrix can be singular. This
gives a room for nonergodic stationary solutions of the above equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127466 </DOCNO>
The first million years of the Sun: A calculation of formation and early


  We present the first coherent dynamical study of the cloud
fragmentation-phase, collapse and early stellar evolution of a solar mass star.
We determine young star properties as the consequence of the parent cloud
evolution. Mass, luminosity and effective temperature in the first million
years of the proto-Sun result from gravitational fragmentation of a molecular
cloud region that produces a cluster of prestellar clumps. We calculate the
global dynamical behavior of the cloud using isothermal 3D hydrodynamics and
follow the evolution of individual protostars in detail using a 1D
radiation-fluid-dynamic system of equations that comprises a correct standard
solar model solution, as a limiting case. We calculate the pre-main sequence
(PMS) evolutionary tracks of a solar mass star in a dense stellar cluster
environment and compare it to one that forms in isolation. Up to an age of
950.000 years differences in the accretion history lead to significantly
different temperature and luminosity evolution. As accretion fades and the
stars approach their final masses the two dynamic PMS tracks converge. After
that the contraction of the quasi-hydrostatic stellar interiors dominate the
overall stellar properties and proceed in very similar ways. Hence the position
of a star in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram becomes a function of age and mass
only. However, our quantitative description of cloud fragmentation, star
formation and early stellar evolution predicts substantial corrections to the
classical, i.e. hydrostatic and initially fully convective models: At an age of
1 million years the proto-Sun is twice as bright and 500 Kelvin hotter than
according to calculations that neglect the star formation process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4370 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the maximum marginal likelihood hyper-parameter estimation


  Dynamical properties of image restoration and hyper-parameter estimation are
investigated by means of statistical mechanics. We introduce an exactly
solvable model for image restoration and derive differential equations with
respect to macroscopic quantities. From these equations, we evaluate relaxation
processes of the system to the equilibrium state. Our statistical mechanical
approach also enable us to investigate the hyper-parameter estimation by means
of maximization of marginal likelihood by using gradient decent and EM
algorithm from dynamical point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76593 </DOCNO>
Majorana solution of the Thomas-Fermi equation


  We report on an original method, due to Majorana, leading to a
semi-analytical series solution of the Thomas-Fermi equation, with appropriate
boundary conditions, in terms of only one quadrature. We also deduce a general
formula for such a solution which avoids numerical integration, but is
expressed in terms of the roots of a given polynomial equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73925 </DOCNO>
Non-zero Fermion Modes Contribution to the Instanton-Induced Electroweak


  We consider instanton-induced high energy processes in an electroweak-type
model. Multi-fermion final states are taken into account in Gauss
approximation. Unlike previous results we calculate nonzero fermion modes
contribution to cross-section by straightforward procedure. This contribution
can be important at energies of sphaleron mass order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125199 </DOCNO>
21-cm H I emission from the Damped Lyman-alpha absorber SBS 1543+593


  We detect 21-cm emission from the Low Surface Brightness (LSB) galaxy SBS
1543+593, which gives rise to a Damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) absorption line in the
spectrum of the background QSO HS 1543+5921 (z=0.807). We obtain an accurate
measure of the velocity of the H I gas in the LSB galaxy, v=2868 km/s, and
derive a mass of 1.3e9 solar masses. We compare this value with limits obtained
towards two other z~0.1 DLA systems, and show that SBS 1543+593 would not have
been detected. Hence LSB galaxies similar to SBS 1543+593 can be responsible
for DLA systems at even modest redshifts without being detectable from their
21-cm emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127629 </DOCNO>
New CCD Survey of Globular Clusters in M31


  We present a progress report of our wide field CCD survey of globular
clusters in M31. We have covered 3 deg X 3 deg area centered on M31, using the
KPNO 0.9m and Washington CMT1 filters. Our survey is much deeper and more
sensitive than previous surveys. We have found several hundred new globular
cluster candidates in M31 in addition to confirming previously known globular
clusters, and also have found a number of interlopers among previous globular
cluster catalogs. We have also obtained spectra of about 500 objects among
these candidates using the HYDRA at the WIYN 3.5m telescope, which are used for
classification and measuring the radial velocity of the candidate objects. When
completed, a new master catalog of globular clusters in M31 will be made,
combining the new globular clusters with the known globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167979 </DOCNO>
Quantum State Tomography of Complex Multimode Fields using Array


  We demonstrate that it is possible to use the balanced homodyning with array
detectors to measure the quantum state of correlated two-mode signal field. We
show the applicability of the method to fields with complex mode functions,
thus generalizing the work of Beck (Phys. Rev. Letts. 84, 5748 (2000)) in
several important ways. We further establish that, under suitable conditions,
array detector measurements from one of the two outputs is sufficient to
determine the quantum state of signals. We show the power of the method by
reconstructing a truncated Perelomov state which exhibits complicated structure
in the joint probability density for the quadratures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169172 </DOCNO>
On the role of coherent attacks in a type of strategic problem related


  We consider a strategic problem of the Evesdropping to quantum key
distribution. Evesdropper hopes to obtain the maxium information given the
disturbance to the qubits is often For this strategy, the optimized individual
attack have been extensively constructed under various conditions. However, it
seems a difficult task in the case of coherent attack, i.e., Eve may treat a
number of intercepted qubits collectively, including the collective unitary
transformations and the measurements. It was conjectured by Cirac and Gisin
that no coherent attack can be more powerful for this strategy for BB84
protocol. In this paper we give a general conclusion on the role of coherent
attacks for the strategy of maxmizing the information given the disturbance.
Suppose in a quantum key distribution(QKD) protocol, all the transmitted bits
from Alice are independent and only the individual disturbances to each qubits
are examined by Alice and Bob. For this type of protocols(so far almost all QKD
protocols belong to this type), in principle no coherent attack is more
powerful than the product of optimized individual attack to each individual
qubits. All coherent attacks to the above QKD protocols can be disregarded for
the strategy above.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129075 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Cuspy Triaxial Galaxies Harboring Central Black Holes


  We use numerical simulations to study the evolution of triaxial elliptical
galaxies with central black holes. In contrast to earlier numerical studies
which used galaxy models with central density ``cores,'' our galaxies have
steep central cusps, like those observed in real ellipticals. As a black hole
grows in these cuspy triaxial galaxies, the inner regions become rounder owing
to chaos induced in the orbit families which populate the model. At larger
radii, however, the models maintain their triaxiality, and orbital analyses
show that centrophilic orbits there resist stochasticity over many dynamical
times. While black hole induced evolution is strong in the inner regions of
these galaxies, and reaches out beyond the nominal ``sphere of influence'' of a
black hole, our simulations do not show evidence for a rapid {\it global}
transformation of the host. The triaxiality of observed elliptical galaxies is
therefore not inconsistent with the presence of supermassive black holes at
their centers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2401 </DOCNO>
Charged Fixed Point Found in Superconductor Below Tc


  We present a perturbative approach which yields, for the first time, an
infrared-stable fixed point in the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model at the one-loop
level. The calculations are done in d=3 dimensions and below Tc, where the
renormalization group functions can be expressed directly as functions of the
Ginzburg parameter kappa which is the ratio between the two fundamental scales
of the problem, the penetration depth lambda and the correlation length xi. We
find a charged fixed point for kappa>1/sqrt 2, that is, in the type II regime,
where Delta kappa = kappa-1/sqrt 2 is shown to be a natural expansion
parameter. This parameter controls a momentum space instability in the
two-point correlation function of the order field. This instability appears at
a nonzero wave-vector p_0 whose magnitude scales like Delta kappa^{bar beta},
with a critical exponent bar beta=1/2 in the one-loop approximation, a behavior
known from magnetic systems with a Lifshitz point in the phase diagram. This
momentum space instability is argued to be the origin of the negative
eta-exponent of the order field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129648 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of BeppoSAX LECS Observations of EUV Emission in Clusters of


  Kaastra et al. (1999) have used the BeppoSAX LECS instrument to search for
excess EUV emission in Abell 2199. They claim that the results obtained confirm
an independent report of an excess EUV emission in this cluster (Lieu et al.
1999). Using an inflight derived procedure that is better suited to the
analysis of extended sources and which avoids uncertainties related to
ground-based calibrations for the overall detector sensitivity profile, we find
no excess EUV emission in Abell 2199. We also used these procedures to search
for an EUV excess in Abell 1795, but no excess was found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128072 </DOCNO>
On the shear instability of fluid interfaces


  We examine the linear stability of fluid interfaces subjected to a shear
flow. Our main object is to generalize previous work to arbitrary Atwood
number, and to allow for surface tension and weak compressibility. The
motivation derives from instances in astrophysical systems where mixing across
material interfaces driven by shear flows may significantly affect the
dynamical evolution of these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2543 </DOCNO>
Experimental test for subdominant superconducting phases with complex


  We propose and implement a direct experimental test for subdominant
superconducting phases with broken time-reversal symmetry in d-wave
superconductors. The critical current of 45-degree asymmetric grain boundary
junctions are shown to be extremely sensitive to the predicted onset of a
complex order parameter at (110)-surfaces and near magnetic impurities.
Measurements in YBCO and Ni-doped YBCO junctions indicate that the symmetry at
the surface is consistent with pure d-wave at all temperatures, putting limits
on the magnitude and chiral domain structure of any subdominant symmetry
component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3604 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of the Condensate in Ideal and Interacting Bose Gases


  We investigate the fluctuations of the condensate in the ideal and weakly
interacting Bose gases confined in a box of volume V within canonical ensemble.
Canonical ensemble is developed to describe the behavior of the fluctuations
when different methods of approximation to the weakly interacting Bose gases
are used. Research shows that the fluctuations of the condensate exhibit
anomalous behavior for the interacting Bose gas confined in a box.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129573 </DOCNO>
Absolute Proper Motions to B~22.5: IV. Faint, Low Velocity White Dwarfs


  The reduced proper motion diagram (RPMD) for a complete sample of faint stars
with high accuracy proper motions in the North Galactic Pole field SA57 is
investigated. Eight stars with very large reduced proper motions are identified
as faint white dwarf candidates. We discriminate these white dwarf candidates
from the several times more numerous QSOs based on proper motion and
variability.
  We discuss the implausibility that these stars could be any kind of survey
contaminant. If {\it bona fide} white dwarfs, the eight candidates found here
represent a portion of the white dwarf population hitherto uninvestigated by
previous surveys by virtue of the faint magnitudes and low proper motions. The
newly discovered stars suggest a disk white dwarf scaleheight larger than the
values of 250-350 pc typically assumed in assessments of the local white dwarf
density. Both a <V/V_{max}> and a more complex maximum likelihood analysis of
the spatial distribution of our likely thin disk white dwarfs yield
scaleheights of 400-600 pc while at the same time give a reasonable match to
the local white dwarf volume density found in other surveys.
  Our results could have interesting implications for white dwarfs as potential
MACHO objects. We can place some direct constraints (albeit weak ones) on the
contribution of halo white dwarfs to the dark matter of the Galaxy. Moreover,
the elevated scale height that we measure for the thin disk could alter the
interpretation of microlensing results to the extent of making white dwarfs
untenable as the dominant MACHO contributor. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1921 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Field Profile in Bose Glass Phase of Irradiated YBa2Cu3O7-d:


  Magneto-optical imaging in YBa2Cu3O7-d with tilted columnar defects (CD's)
shows an asymmetric critical-state field profile. The observed hysteretic shift
of the profile ridge (trough) from the center of the sample is explained by
in-plane magnetization originated from vortex alignment along CD's. The
extracted ratio of the in-plane to out-of-plane magnetization component has a
maximum at 1/5 of matching field ($B_\Phi$) and disappears above $B_\Phi/3$,
suggesting a reduction of interlayer coherence well bellow $B_\Phi$ in the Bose
glass phase. Implications are discussed in comparison with the vortex liquid
recoupling observed in irradiated Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1999 </DOCNO>
Origin of the roughness exponent in elastic strings at the depinning


  Within a recently developed framework of dynamical Monte Carlo algorithms, we
compute the roughness exponent $\zeta$ of driven elastic strings at the
depinning threshold in 1+1 dimensions for different functional forms of the
(short-range) elastic energy. A purely harmonic elastic energy leads to an
unphysical value for $\zeta$. We include supplementary terms in the elastic
energy of at least quartic order in the local extension. We then find a
roughness exponent of $\zeta \simeq 0.63$, which coincides with the one
obtained for different cellular automaton models of directed percolation
depinning. The quartic term translates into a nonlinear piece which changes the
roughness exponent in the corresponding continuum equation of motion. We
discuss the implications of our analysis for higher-dimensional elastic
manifolds in disordered media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72601 </DOCNO>
General one-loop renormalization group evolutions and electroweak


  We study analytically the general features of electroweak symmetry breaking
in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model extended by one
Higgs singlet. The exact analytical forms of the renormalization group
evolutions of the Yukawa couplings and of the soft supersymmetry breaking
parameters are derived to one-loop order. They allow on one hand controllable
approximations in closed analytical form, and on the other a precise study of
the behaviour of infrared quasi fixed point regimes which we carry out. Some of
these regimes are shown to be phenomenologically inconsistent, leading to too
small an effective $\mu$-parameter. The remaining ones serve as a suitable
benchmark to understand analytically some salient aspects, often noticed
numerically in the literature, in relation to the electroweak symmetry breaking
in this model. The study does not need any specific assumption on $\tan \beta$
or on boundary conditions for the soft supersymmetry breaking parameters, thus
allowing a general insight into the sensitivity of the low energy physics to
high energy assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114458 </DOCNO>
Scattering of heavy charged particles on hydrogen atoms


  The low energy scattering of heavy positively charged particles on hydrogen
atoms (H) are investigated by solving the Faddeev equations in configuration
space. A resonant value of the pH scattering length, $a=750\pm 5$ a.u., in the
pp antisymmetric state was found. This large value indicates the existence of a
first excited state with a binding energy B=1.14$\times10^{-9}$ a.u. below the
H ground state. Several resonances for non zero angular momenta states are
predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2419 </DOCNO>
Failure of random matrix theory to correctly describe quantum dynamics


  Consider a classically chaotic system which is described by a Hamiltonian
H_0. At t=0 the Hamiltonian undergoes a sudden-change H_0 -> H. We consider the
quantum-mechanical spreading of the evolving energy distribution, and argue
that it cannot be analyzed using a random-matrix theory (RMT) approach. RMT can
be trusted only to the extend that it gives trivial results that are implied by
first-order perturbation theory. Non-perturbative effects are sensitive to the
underlying classical dynamics, and therefore the hbar-->0 behavior for
effective RMT models is strikingly different from the correct semiclassical
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76852 </DOCNO>
Discussion on a possible neutrino detector located in India


  We have identified some important and worthwhile physics opportunitites with
a possible neutrino detector located in India. Particular emphasis is placed on
the geographical advantage with a stress on the complimentary aspects with
respect to other neutrino detectors already in operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149121 </DOCNO>
A note on the Supergravity Description of Dielectric Branes


  We comment on the recent papers by Costa et al and Emparan, which show how
one might generate supergravity solutions describing certain dielectric branes
in ten dimensions. The ``basic'' such solutions describe either N fundamental
strings or N D4-branes expanding into a D6-brane, with topology M^2 x S^5 or
M^5 x S^2 respectively. Treating these solutions in a unified way, we note that
they allow for precisely two values of the radius of the relevant sphere, and
that the solution with the smaller value of the radius has the lower energy.
Moreover, the possible radii in both cases agree up to numerical factors with
the corresponding solutions of the D6-brane worldvolume theory. We thus argue
that these supergravity solutions are the correct gravitational description of
the dielectric branes of Emparan and Myers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 972 </DOCNO>
Bose condensation of cavity polaritons beyond the linear regime: the


  We consider a generalization of the Dicke model. It describes localized,
physically separated, saturable excitations, such as excitons bound on
impurities, coupled to a single long-lived mode of an optical cavity. We
consider the thermal equilibrium of the model at a fixed total number of
excitons and photons. We find a phase in which both the cavity field and the
excitonic polarization are coherent. This phase corresponds to a Bose
condensate of cavity polaritons, generalized to allow for the fermionic
internal structure of the excitons. It is separated from the normal state by an
unusual reentrant phase boundary. We calculate the excitation energies of the
model, and hence the optical absorption spectra of the cavity. In the condensed
phase the absorption spectrum is gapped. The presence of a gap distinguishes
the polariton condensate from the normal state and from a conventional laser,
even when the inhomogeneous linewidth is so large that there is no observable
polariton splitting in the normal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128902 </DOCNO>
BL Lac: A New Ultrahigh-Energy Gamma-Ray Source


  The active galactic nucleus BL Lac was observed with the Gt-48 atmospheric
Cherenkov detector of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory from July
23-September 1, 1998, in order to search for ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray (>1
TeV) emission. The object was in the field of view of the detector for more
than 24 hours. The source was detected with a high level of confidence (7.2
sigma), with a flux equal to (2.1+/-0.4)x10^{-11} photons cm^{-2}s^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73478 </DOCNO>
Hierarchies of quark masses and the mixing matrix in the standard theory


  We study the general dependence of mixing angles on heavy fermion masses when
mass hierarchies exist among the fermions. For two generations and small
Cabibbo angle, this angle is directly shown to scale like $\mu_1/m_s \pm
\mu_2/m_c$, where $|\mu_1| \ll m_s, |\mu_2| \ll m_c$ are independent mass
scales. For $n=3$ generations, we extend to the Yukawa matrices of $u$- and
$d$-type quarks the property that the $2\times 2$ upper-left sub-matrix of the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix $K$ is a good approximation to the Cabibbo
matrix $C$. Then, without any additional Ansatz concerning the existence of
mass hierarchies or the smallness of the mixing angles, the moduli of its
entries $K_{13},K_{23},K_{31},K_{32}$ are shown to scale like
$[\beta_{13},\beta_{23},\beta_{31},\beta_{32}] \sqrt{{m_c}/{m_t}} \pm
[\delta_{13},\delta_{23},\delta_{31},\delta_{32}] \sqrt{{m_s}/{m_b}}$, where
the $\beta$'s and the $\delta$'s are coefficients smaller than 10. This method,
when used for two generations, gives a dependence on $m_s$ and $m_c$ ``weaker''
than the one obtained first, but which matches a well known behaviour for the
Cabibbo angle: $\theta_c \approx \sqrt{\epsilon_d (m_d/m_s)} -
\sqrt{\epsilon_u(m_u/m_c)}$, with $\epsilon_d,\epsilon_u \leq 1$. The
asymptotic behaviour in the case of three generations can also be strengthened
into a $1/m_{b,t}$ behaviour by incorporating our knowledge about the
hierarchies of quark masses and the smallness of the mixing angles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126047 </DOCNO>
How Evolved are the Mass Donor Stars inCataclysmic Variables?


  Recent spectroscopic observations have identified several cataclysmic
variables non-solar metal abundances. We present theoretical models which
examine the level of core evolution expected for CV secondaries prior to
contact. Our results indicate that few secondary stars evolve past 10% of their
main sequence lifetime prior to the initiation of mass transfer; a result which
is in agreement with present day observations. Thus, the non-solar metal
abundances observed must be due to nuclear burning by-products accreted by the
secondary star during common envelope sweeping prior to initial contact or
ejecta collected during classical nova outbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97742 </DOCNO>
Diffusive fluctuations for one-dimensional totally asymmetric


  We study central limit theorems for a totally asymmetric, one-dimensional
interacting random system. The models we work with are the
Aldous-Diaconis-Hammersley process and the related stick model. The A-D-H
process represents a particle configuration on the line, or a 1-dimensional
interface on the plane which moves in one fixed direction through random local
jumps. The stick model is the process of local slopes of the A-D-H process, and
has a conserved quantity. The results describe the fluctuations of these
systems around the deterministic evolution to which the random system converges
under hydrodynamic scaling. We look at diffusive fluctuations, by which we mean
fluctuations on the scale of the classical central limit theorem. In the
scaling limit these fluctuations obey deterministic equations with random
initial conditions given by the initial fluctuations. Of particular interest is
the effect of macroscopic shocks, which play a dominant role because dynamical
noise is suppressed on the scale we are working.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74000 </DOCNO>
TeV-scale electron Compton scattering in the Randall-Sundrum scenario


  The spin-2 graviton excitations in the Randall-Sundrum gravity model provides
a t-channel contribution to electron Compton scattering which competes
favourably with the standard QED contributions. The phenomenological
implications of these contributions to the unpolarized and polarized
cross-sections are evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 780 </DOCNO>
Assessing the Predictability of Social and Economic Time-Series Data:


  Policy targets are being set increasingly for social and economic variables
in the UK. This approach requires that reasonably successful ex ante forecasts
can be made. We propose a general methodology for assessing the extent to which
this can be done. It has already been applied to GDP growth rate data. In this
paper, we illustrate the technique with reference to property and violent crime
in the UK over the post-war period. The forecasting record of the Home Office
is poor. We show that this arises from an inherent property of the data, namely
a lack of genuine information content. It is not possible in the current state
of scientific knowledge to improve significantly on the Home Office record. We
relate these findings to the econometric methodology of co-integration, and
show that the correlation matrix of the data used in the Home Office models is
dominated by noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86086 </DOCNO>
The Fuzzy Sphere Star-Product and Spin Networks


  We analyze the expansion of the fuzzy sphere non-commutative product in
powers of the non-commutativity parameter. To analyze this expansion we develop
a graphical technique that uses spin networks. This technique is potentially
interesting in its own right as introducing spin networks of Penrose into
non-commutative geometry. Our analysis leads to a clarification of the link
between the fuzzy sphere non-commutative product and the usual deformation
quantization of the sphere in terms of the star-product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7527 </DOCNO>
Effects of a Parallel Magnetic Field on the Metal-Insulator Transition


  The temperature dependence of conductivity $\sigma (T)$ of a two-dimensional
electron system in silicon has been studied in parallel magnetic fields B. At
B=0, the system displays a metal-insulator transition at a critical electron
density $n_c(0)$, and $d\sigma/dT >0$ in the metallic phase. At low fields
($B\lesssim 2$ T), $n_c$ increases as $n_c(B) - n_c(0) \propto B^{\beta}$
($\beta\sim 1$), and the zero-temperature conductivity scales as $\sigma
(n_s,B,T=0)/\sigma (n_s,0,0)=f(B^{\beta}/\delta_n)$ (where
$\delta_n=(n_s-n_c(0))/n_c(0)$, and $n_s$ is electron density) as expected for
a quantum phase transition. The metallic phase persists in fields of up to 18
T, consistent with the saturation of $n_c$ at high fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6229 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties of 3d-impurities substituted in GaAs


  We have calculated the magnetic properties of substituted 3d-impurities
(Cr-Ni) in a GaAs host by means of first principles electronic structure
calculations. We provide a novel model explaining the ferromagnetic long rang
order of III-V dilute magnetic semiconductors. The origin of the ferromagnetism
is shown to be due to delocalized spin-uncompensated As dangling bond
electrons. Besides the quantitative prediction of the magnetic moments, our
model provides an understanding of the halfmetallicity, and the raise of the
critical temperature with the impurity concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41464 </DOCNO>
Covariant electroweak nucleon form factors in a chiral constituent quark


  Results for the proton and neutron electric and magnetic form factors as well
asthe nucleon axial and induced pseudoscalar form factors are presented for the
chiral constituent quark model based on Goldstone-boson-exchange dynamics. The
calculations are performed in a covariant framework using the point-form
approach to relativistic quantum mechanics. The direct predictions of the model
yield a remarkably consistent picture of the electroweak nucleon structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2326 </DOCNO>
Comment on `Renormalization-Group Calculation of the Dependence on


  It is shown that the interface model introduced in Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2369
(2001) violates fundamental symmetry requirements for vanishing gravitational
acceleration $g$, so that its results cannot be applied to critical properties
of interfaces for $g\to 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96187 </DOCNO>
Removing coincidences of maps between manifolds with positive


  We consider obstructions to the removability of coincidences of maps
f,g:N->M, where M,N are manifolds with the codimension dimN-dimM>0. In
particular, the coincidence index is the only obstruction for maps to surfaces
(any codimension) and maps with fibers homeomorphic to 4-, 5-, or
12-dimensional spheres, for large values of dimM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1161 </DOCNO>
Self-trapping mechanisms in the dynamics of three coupled Bose-Einstein


  We formulate the dynamics of three coupled Bose-Einstein condensates within a
semiclassical scenario based on the standard boson coherent states. We compare
such a picture with that of Ref. 1 and show how our approach entails a simple
formulation of the dimeric regime therein studied. This allows to recognize the
parameters that govern the bifurcation mechanism causing self-trapping, and
paves the way to the construction of analytic solutions. We present the results
of a numerical simulation showing how the three-well dynamics has, in general,
a cahotic behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7026 </DOCNO>
On the trapping reaction with mobile traps


  We present Monte Carlo results for the two-species trapping reaction $A+B \to
B$ with diffusing $A$ and $B$ on lattices in one, two and three dimension. We
use a novel algorithm which permits to simulate survival probabilities of $A$
partic les down to $<10^{-30}$ with high accuracy. The results for the survival
probability agree much better with the exact asymptotic predictions of Bramson
and Lebowitz (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 61}, 2397 (1988)) than with the heuristics
of Kang and Redner (J. Phys. A {\bf 17}, L451 (1984)). But there are very large
deviations from either which show that even these simulations are far from
asymptotia. This is supported by the rms. displacement of $A$ particles which
clearly show that the asymptotic regime has not been reached, at least for
$d=2$ and $d=3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98158 </DOCNO>
Griffiths groups of supersingular abelian varieties


  The Griffiths group $\Gr^r(X)$ of a smooth projective variety $X$ over an
algebraically closed field is defined to be the group of homologically trivial
algebraic cycles of codimension $r$ on $X$ modulo the subgroup of algebraically
trivial algebraic cycles. The main result of this paper is that the Griffiths
group $\Gr^2(A_\kbar)$ of a supersingular abelian variety $A_\kbar$ over the
algebraic closure of a finite field of characteristic $p$ is at most a
$p$-primary torsion group. As a corollary the same conclusion holds for
supersingular Fermat threefolds. In contrast, using methods of C. Schoen it is
also shown that if the Tate conjecture is valid for all smooth projective
surfaces and all finite extensions of the finite ground field $k$ of
characteristic $p>2$, then the Griffiths group of any ordinary abelian
threefold $A_\kbar$ over the algebraic closure of $k$ is non-trivial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113760 </DOCNO>
Observation of coherent transients in ultrashort chirped excitation of


  The effects of Coherent excitation of a two level system with a linearly
chirped pulse are studied theoretically and experimentally (in Rb (5s - 5p)) in
the low field regime. The Coherent Transients are measured directly on the
excited state population on an ultrashort time scale. A sharp step corresponds
to the passage through resonance. It is followed by oscillations resulting from
interferences between off-resonant and resonant contributions. We finally show
the equivalence between this experiment and Fresnel diffraction by a sharp
edge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5156 </DOCNO>
Influence of K, Mg and Fe impurities on the composition, absorption


  Photovoltaic response and optical spectra of lithium niobate crystals (LN)
grown from K_2O-containing melt and/or doped with Mg and Fe have been studied.
It has been found that growing of LN crystals at the presence of K_2O-flux,
Mg-doping and increasing of Li/Nb ratio have influence on the physical
properties of the crystals, which evidences approaching of the composition of
these crystals to the stoichiometric one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149899 </DOCNO>
Towards the solution of noncommutative $YM_2$: Morita equivalence and


  In this paper we shall investigate the possibility of solving U(1) theories
on the non-commutative (NC) plane for arbitrary values of $\theta$ by
exploiting Morita equivalence. This duality maps the NC U(1) on the two-torus
with a rational parameter $\theta$ to the standard U(N) theory in the presence
of a 't Hooft flux, whose solution is completely known. Thus, assuming a smooth
dependence on $\theta$, we are able to construct a series rational approximants
of the original theory, which is finally reached by taking the large $N-$limit
at fixed 't Hooft flux. As we shall see, this procedure hides some subletities
since the approach of $N$ to infinity is linked to the shrinking of the
commutative two-torus to zero-size. The volume of NC torus instead diverges and
it provides a natural cut-off for some intermediate steps of our computation.
In this limit, we shall compute both the partition function and the correlator
of two Wilson lines. A remarkable fact is that the configurations, providing a
finite action in this limit, are in correspondence with the non-commutative
solitons (fluxons) found independently by Polychronakos and by Gross and
Nekrasov, through a direct computation on the plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75383 </DOCNO>
Baryon form factors at high momentum transfer and generalized parton


  Nucleon form factors at high momentum transfer |t| are treated in the
framework of generalized parton distributions (GPD's). The possibility of
obtaining information about parton high transverse momentum components by
application of GPD's to form factors is discussed. This is illustrated by
applying an ad-hoc 2-body parton wave function to elastic nucleon form factors
F1 and F2, the N to Delta magnetic form factor G*M, and wide angle Compton
scattering (WACS) form factor R1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74882 </DOCNO>
SUSY Scaling Violations and UHECR


  Advancing QCD toward astroparticle applications generates new challenges for
perturbation theory, such as the presence of large evolution scales with
sizeable scaling violations involving both the initial and the final state of a
collision. Possible applications in the context of Ultra High Energy Cosmic
Rays (UHECR) of these effects are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168156 </DOCNO>
Grover search with pairs of trapped ions


  The desired interference required for quantum computing may be modified by
the wave function oscillations for the implementation of quantum
algorithms[Phys.Rev.Lett.84(2000)1615]. To diminish such detrimental effect, we
propose a scheme with trapped ion-pairs being qubits and apply the scheme to
the Grover search. It can be found that our scheme can not only carry out a
full Grover search, but also meet the requirement for the scalable hot-ion
quantum computing. Moreover, the ion-pair qubits in our scheme are more robust
against the decoherence and the dissipation caused by the environment than
single-particle qubits proposed before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75209 </DOCNO>
On the structure of the virtual Compton amplitude with additional


  Using the framework of the non-local light-cone expansion a systematic study
is performed for the structure of the twist-2 contributions to the virtual
Compton amplitude in polarized deep-inelastic non-forward scattering for
general nucleon spin with an additional scalar meson in the final state. A
useful kinematic parameterization allowing for appropriate triple-valued
off-forward parton distribution amplitudes is given. One-variable amplitudes
being adapted to the fixed parameters of the extended Bjorken region are
introduced by decomposing the Compton amplitude into collinear and
non-collinear components. These amplitudes obey Wandzura-Wilczek and
Callan-Gross like relations. The evolution equations for all the distribution
amplitudes are determined showing that the additional meson momentum does not
appear in the evolution kernels. The generalization to $n$ outgoing mesons is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74425 </DOCNO>
On the standard model and parity conservation


  Based on the theoretical paradox of the parity-violating gauge symmetries of
the standard model and fundamental regulator, we propose that the extension of
the standard model in the high-energy region should be effective high-dimension
operators whose dynamics gives an infrared scaling region, where not only the
standard model appears as an asymptotic chiral-gauge theory and but also
vectorlike one-particle-irreducible functions are induced for "new physics". A
right-handed neutrino and a sterile left-handed neutrino are introduced to form
the high-dimension operators. The (11112) model is adopted as an example to
give exact computations illustrating the dynamics of such high-dimension
operators. In the fermion content of the standard model, analyzing spectra and
one-particle-irreducible functions induced by the high-dimension operators in
the infrared scaling region, we conclude that parity-conservation
gauge-symmetries must be restored in the high-energy region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2613 </DOCNO>
Super-slippery Carbon Nanotubes: Symmetry Breaking breaks friction


  The friction between the walls of multi-wall carbon nanotubes is shown to be
extremely low in general, with important details related to the specific choice
of the walls. This is governed by a simple expression revealing that the
phenomenon is a profound consequence of the specific symmetry breaking:
super-slippery sliding of the incommensurate walls is a Goldstone mode. Three
universal principles of tribology, offering a recipe for the lubricant
selection are emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97692 </DOCNO>
The Geometry of Supergravity Torsion Constraints


  This is an expository paper about the geometry of the torsion constraints in
the superspace formulation of supergravity theories. It was prepared for the
2001 Park City Research Program in Supergeometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 137 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic friction of adsorbed monolayers


  In the present paper we overview our recent results on intrinsic frictional
properties of adsorbed monolayers, composed of mobile hard-core particles
undergoing continuous exchanges with a vapor phase. Within the framework of a
dynamical master equation approach, describing the time evolution of the
system, we determine in the most general form the terminal velocity of some
biased impure molecule - the tracer particle (TP), constrained to move inside
the adsorbed monolayer probing its frictional properties, define the frictional
forces as well as the particles density distribution in the monolayer. Results
for one-dimensional solid substrates, appropriate to adsorbtion on polymer
chains, are compared against the Monte Carlo simulation data, which confirms
our analytical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113780 </DOCNO>
Linearisation of optical effects at low light levels


  As a light beam is produced by an amplification of modes of the zero point
field in its source, this field cannot be distinguished; consequently a
nonlinear optical effect is a function of the total field. However, we
generally prefer to use a conventional field which excludes the zero point
field; for a low conventional field, the total field may be developed to the
first order, so that the effect appears linear.
  This nearly trivial remark allows a correct computation of the signal of a
photocell used for photon counting and shows that the "impulsive stimulated
Raman scattering" (ISRS), a nonlinear, without threshold effect, which shifts
the frequencies, becomes linear at low light levels, so that the shifted
spectra are not distorted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74665 </DOCNO>
Implications of the Pseudo-Scalar Higgs Boson in determining the


  In the framework of the Constrained Minimal Supersmmetric Standard Model
(CMSSM) we discuss the impact of the pseudo-scalar Higgs boson in delineating
regions of the parameters which are consistent with cosmological data and E821
data on the anomalous magnetic moment of muon. For large values of the
parameter $\tan \beta > 50$, cosmologically allowed corridors of large $m_0$,
$M_{1/2}$ are opened, due to the s-channel pseudo-scalar exchange in the pair
annihilation of the lightest of the neutralinos to $b \bar{b}$ or $\tau
\bar{\tau}$, which dominates in this region. However, no such corridors are
found for values $\tan \beta < 50 $. Combining cosmological and E821 data puts
severe upper limits on sparticle masses. We find that at LHC, but even at a
$e^{+}e^{-}$ linear collider with center of mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 800\GeV$,
such as TESLA, supersymmetry can be discovered, if it is based on the CMSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123849 </DOCNO>
Quark-Gluon Plasma in the Early Universe


  A QCD phase transition in the early universe could have left inhomogeneities
in the baryon to photon ratio and in isospin that might have affected
nucleosynthesis later on. At very high temperature QCD plasma can be described
by perturbation theory because of asymptotic freedom, but a possible phase
transition requires a nonperturbative approach like lattice gauge theory.
Assuming that a first order transition did occur, a dynamical set of equations
can be solved to evolve the universe through it and to quantify the scale of
inhomogeneity. Unfortunately this scale appears to be too small by two orders
of magnitude to affect nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127053 </DOCNO>
Nested and Single Bars in Seyfert and Non-Seyfert Galaxies


  We analyze the observed properties of nested and single stellar bar systems
in disk galaxies. The 112 galaxies in our sample comprise the largest matched
Seyfert vs. non-Seyfert sample of nearby galaxies with complete near-infrared
or optical imaging sensitive to lengthscales ranging from tens of pc to tens of
kpc. We find that a significant fraction of the sample galaxies, 17% +/- 4%,
has more than one bar, and that 28% +/- 5% of barred galaxies have nested bars.
The bar fractions appear to be stable according to reasonable changes in our
adopted bar criteria. For these nested bars, we detect a clear division in
length between the large-scale (primary) bars and small-scale (secondary) bars,
both in absolute and normalized (to the size of the galaxy) length. We argue
that this bimodal distribution can be understood within the framework of the
inner Lindblad resonances (ILRs), which are located where the gravitational
potential of the innermost galaxy switches effectively from 3D to 2D. While
primary bars are found to correlate with the host galaxy sizes, no such
correlation is observed for the secondary bars. Moreover, we find that
secondary bars differ morphologically from single bars. Overall, our matched
Seyfert and non-Seyfert samples show a statistically significant excess of bars
among the Seyfert galaxies at practically all lengthscales. We confirm our
previous result that Seyfert galaxies always show a preponderance of "thick"
bars compared to the bars in non-Seyfert galaxies. Finally, no correlation is
observed between the presence of a bar and that of companion galaxies, even
relatively bright ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125575 </DOCNO>
On the Escape of Ionizing Radiation from Starbursts


  Far-ultraviolet spectra obtained with $FUSE$ show that the strong
$CII\lambda$1036 interstellar absorption-line is essentially black in five of
the UV-brightest local starburst galaxies. Since the opacity of the neutral ISM
below the Lyman-edge will be significantly larger than in the $CII$ line, these
data provide strong constraints on the escape of ionizing radiation from these
starbursts. Interpreted as a a uniform absorbing slab, the implied optical
depth at the Lyman edge is huge ($\tau_0 \geq 10^2$). Alternatively, the areal
covering factor of opaque material is typically $\geq$ 94%. Thus, the fraction
of ionizing stellar photons that escape the ISM of each galaxy is small: our
conservative estimates typically yield $f_{esc} \leq 6%$. Inclusion of
extinction due to dust will further decrease $f_{esc}$. An analogous analysis
of the rest-UV spectrum of the star-forming galaxy $MS 1512-CB58$ at $z$ =2.7
leads to similar constraints on $f_{esc}$. These new results agree with the
constraints provided by direct observations below the Lyman edge in a few other
local starbursts. However, they differ from the recently reported properties of
star-forming galaxies at $z \geq$ 3. We assess the idea that the strong
galactic winds seen in many powerful starbursts clear channels through their
neutral ISM. We show empirically that such outflows may be a necessary - but
not sufficient - part of the process for creating a relatively porous ISM. We
note that observations will soon document the cosmic evolution in the
contribution of star-forming galaxies to the metagalactic ionizing background,
with important implications for the evolution of the IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75644 </DOCNO>
Theoretical aspects of transversity observables


  Theoretical aspects of transversity observables are reviewed. The main focus
is on two leading twist transversity single spin asymmetries, one arising from
the Collins effect and one from the interference fragmentation functions.
Electron-positron annihilation experiments which are required to obtain these
fragmentation functions are discussed, as well as the issues of factorization,
evolution and Sudakov factors for the relevant observables. These theoretical
considerations pinpoint the most realistic scenarios towards measurements of
transversity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114251 </DOCNO>
SAN/AFS: Developments in Storage Data Systems on Frascati Tokamak


  In the last three years, the architecture of Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU)
experimental database has undergone meaningful modifications, data and codes
have been moved from mainframe to UNIX platforms and AFS (Andrew File System)
has been adopted as distributed file system. Further improvement we have added
regards data storage system; the choice of SAN (Storage Area Network) over
Fiber Channel, combined with power and flexibility of AFS, has made data
management over FTU very reliable. Performance tests have been done, showing
better transfer rate than previous system, based on JBOD modules with SCSI
connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81240 </DOCNO>
Lowest eigenvalues of the Dirac operator for two color QCD at nonzero


  We investigate the eigenvalue spectrum of the staggered Dirac matrix in SU(3)
and U(1) gauge theory as well as in full QCD with two colors and finite
chemical potential. Along the strong-coupling axis up to the phase transition,
the low-lying Dirac spectrum of these quantum field theories is well described
by random matrix theory and exhibits universal behavior. Related results for
gauge theories with minimal coupling are discussed in the chirally symmetric
phase and no universality is seen for the microscopic spectral densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129273 </DOCNO>
Using Cepheids to determine the galactic abundance gradient II. Towards


  Based on spectra obtained at the Anglo-Australian Observatory, we present a
discussion of the metallicity of the galactic disc derived using Cepheids at
galactocentric distances 4-6 kpc. Our new results together with previous
gradient determination (Paper I) show that the overall abundance distribution
within the galactocentric distances 4-11 kpc cannot by represented by a single
gradient value. The distribution is more likely bimodal: it is flatter in the
solar neighbourhood with a small gradient, and steepens towards the galactic
center. The steepening begins at a distance of about 6.6 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2371 </DOCNO>
On the Origin of the Non-Fermi Liquid Behavior of SrRuO_{3}


  Motivated by the unusual features observed in the transport properties of the
ferromagnetic "bad metal" $SrRuO_{3}$, we construct a model incorporating
essential features of the realistic structure of this nearly cubic material. In
particular, we show how the $t_{2g}$orbital {\it orientation} in the perfectly
cubic structure determines the peculiar structure of the hybridization matrix,
and demonstrate how the local non-Fermi liquid features arise when interactions
are switched on. we discuss the effect of the slight deviation from the cubic
structure (at low-$T$) qualitatively. The model provides a consistent
explanation of the features observed recently in the optical response of
$SrRuO_{3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3857 </DOCNO>
Formation of magnetic characteristics and hyperfine fields in


  This work deals with the analysis of peculiarities of formation of the
hyperfine fields (HFF) at the Fe nuclei in disordered alloys metal- metalloid
using the "first-principles" calculations. Some phenomenological models and
justification of their usage for the interpretation of the experimental HFF
distributions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128785 </DOCNO>
Flaring Up All Over -- Radio Activity in Rapidly-Rotating Late-Type M


  We present Very Large Array observations of twelve late M and L dwarfs in the
Solar neighborhood. The observed sources were chosen to cover a wide range of
physical characteristics - spectral type, rotation, age, binarity, and X-ray
and H\alpha activity - to determine the role of these properties in the
production of radio emission, and hence magnetic fields. Three of the twelve
sources, TVLM513-46546, 2MASS J0036159+182110, and BRI0021-0214, were observed
to flare and also exhibit persistent emission, indicating that magnetic
activity is not quenched at the bottom of the main sequence. The radio emission
extends to spectral type L3.5, and there is no apparent decrease in the ratio
of flaring luminosities to bolometric luminosities between M8-L3.5. Moreover,
contrary to the significant drop in persistent H\alpha activity beyond spectral
type M7, the persistent radio activity appears to steadily increase between
M3-L3.5. Similarly, the radio emission from BRI0021-0214 violates the
phenomenological relations between the radio and X-ray luminosities of
coronally active stars, hinting that radio and X-ray activity are also
uncorrelated at the bottom of the main sequence. The radio active sources that
have measured rotational velocities are rapid rotators, Vsin(i)>30 km/sec,
while the upper limits on radio activity in slowly-rotating late M dwarfs
(Vsin(i)<10 km/sec) are lower than these detections. These observations provide
tantalizing evidence that rapidly-rotating late M and L dwarfs are more likely
to be radio active. This possible correlation is puzzling given that the
observed radio emission requires sustained magnetic fields of 10-1000 G and
densities of 10^12 cm^-3, indicating that the active sources should have slowed
down considerably due to magnetic braking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124105 </DOCNO>
The Center of Our Galaxy: Activity and High-Energy Emission of the


  The Center of our Galaxy is a peculiar region where a number of crucial
astrophysical phenomena take place, from star formation to SN explosions and
accretion onto a massive black hole. The quest for a massive black hole in the
Galactic Nucleus is of course of particular relevance because, it would be the
closest of such extreme objects, which are now believed to reside in most of
the galactic nuclei of the universe. I will review here the main observational
characteristics of the Galactic Center with particular attention to the the
problem of existence, physical condition and activity of the 3 10E6 Mo black
hole coincident with the compact radio source Sgr A*. I will report historical
and recent results of high energy observations of the central degree of our
Galaxy, along with the specific accretion models proposed to account for the
apparent lack of high energy activity from Sgr A*. The scientific perspectives
of the next X and gamma-ray missions in the domain of the Galactic Center
physics are also mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149844 </DOCNO>
Some exact results on the matter star-product in the half-string


  We show that the D25 sliver wavefunction, just as the D-instanton sliver,
factorizes when expressed in terms of half-string coordinates. We also
calculate analytically the star-product of two zero-momentum eigenstates of
$\hat{x}$ using the vertex in the oscillator basis, thereby showing that the
star-product in the matter sector can indeed be seen as multiplication of
matrices acting on the space of functionals of half strings. We then use the
above results to establish that the matrices $\rho_{1,2}$, conjectured by
Rastelli, Sen and Zwiebach to be left and right projectors on the sliver, are
indeed so.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72492 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Broadening of the Transverse Momentum Spectra in


  The mean transverse momentum in high energy nuclear collisions is studied.
The formation of a Color Glass Condensate results in an increase of the square
of the mean transverse momentum with the charged multiplicity per unit rapidity
and unit transverse area. This prediction is in agreement with the presently
available data, in particular with the heavy-ion data, lending support to the
notion that the transverse momentum spectra in ultrarelativistic collisions of
heavy nuclei might be controlled by intrinsic transverse momentum broadening
and not by hadronic rescattering, i.e. transverse flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179202 </DOCNO>
Spin ordering of nuclear spectra from random interactions


  Recent developments in many-body quantum chaos have raised the issue of
correlations between different families of levels in the spectra of random
fermionic systems. It seems that rotational invariance is sufficient to force
an otherwise random system to have statistically ordered spectra where the
ground state can have zero spin or the maximum spin allowed a huge portion of
the time. We have tackled this question and have characterized the role of
``geometric chaoticity'' and pairing in random systems. We have shown how the
geometry gives rise to such a distribution of ground state spins and examined
the coexistence of these regularities with chaotic wave functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6592 </DOCNO>
Disordered Systems and Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory


  We review a recent development in theoretical understanding of the quenched
averaged correlation functions of disordered systems and the logarithmic
conformal field theory (LCFT) in d-dimensions. The logarithmic conformal field
theory is the generalization of the conformal field theory when the dilatation
operator is not diagonal and has the Jordan form. It is discussed that at the
random fixed point the disordered systems such as random-bond Ising model,
Polymer chain, etc. are described by LCFT and their correlation functions have
logarithmic singularities. As an example we will discuss in detail the
application of LCFT to the problem of random-bond Ising model in $ 2 \leq d
\leq 4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6743 </DOCNO>
Clustering in gravitating N-body systems


  We study gravitational clustering of mass points in three dimensions with
random initial positions and periodic boundary conditions (no expansion) by
numerical simulations. Correlation properties are well defined in the system
and a sort of thermodynamic limit can be defined for the transient regime of
cluste ring. Structure formation proceeds along two paths: (i) fluid-like
evolution of density perturbations at large scales and (ii) shift of the
granular (non fluid) properties from small to large scales. The latter
mechanism finally dominates at all scales and it is responsible for the
self-similar characteristics of the clustering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7218 </DOCNO>
First time determination of the microscopic structure of a stripe phase:


  The experimental observations of stripes in superconducting cuprates and
insulating nickelates clearly show the modulation in charge and spin density.
However, these have proven to be rather insensitive to the harmonic structure
and (site or bond) ordering. Using 139La NMR in La2NiO4.17, we show that in the
1/3 hole doped nickelate below the freezing temperature the stripes are
strongly solitonic and site ordered with Ni3+ ions carrying S=1/2 in the domain
walls and Ni2+ ions with S=1 in the domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5577 </DOCNO>
Study of the microwave electrodynamic response of MgB2 thin films


  We present a study on the power dependence of the microwave surface impedance
in thin films of the novel superconductor MgB2. 500 nm thick samples exhibiting
critical temperatures ranging between 26 and 38 K are synthesized by an ex-situ
post-anneal of e-beam evaporated boron in the presence of an Mg vapor at 900 C.
Preliminary results on films grown in situ by a high rate magnetron sputtering
technique from stoichiometric MgB2 and Mg targets are also reported. Microwave
measurements have been carried out employing a dielectrically loaded niobium
superconducting cavity operating at 19.8 GHz and 4 K. The study shows that the
electrodynamic response of MgB2 films is presently dominated by extrinsic
sources of dissipation, appearing already at low microwave power, likely to be
ascribed to the presence of grain boundaries and normal inclusions in the
samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7354 </DOCNO>
Phase separation in a boson-fermion mixture of Lithium atoms


  We use a semiclassical three-fluid model to analyze the conditions for
spatial phase separation in a mixture of fermionic Li-6 and a (stable)
Bose-Einstein condensate of Li-7 atoms under cylindrical harmonic confinement,
both at zero and finite temperature. We show that with the parameters of the
Paris experiment [F. Schrek et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 080403 (2001)] an
increase of the boson-fermion scattering length by a factor five would be
sufficient to enter the phase-separated regime. We give examples of
configurations for the density profiles in phase separation and estimate that
the transition should persist at temperatures typical of current experiments.
For higher values of the boson-fermion coupling we also find a new phase
separation between the fermions and the bosonic thermal cloud at finite
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97297 </DOCNO>
Higher algebraic K-theory for actions of diagonalizable groups


  We study the K-theory of actions of diagonalizable group schemes on regular
algebraic spaces: our main result shows how to reconstruct the K-theory ring of
such an action from the K-theory rings of the loci where the stabilizers have
constant dimension. We apply this to the calculation of the equivariant
K-theory of toric varieties, give conditions under which the Merkurjev spectral
sequence degenerates, and prove a very refined localization theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96286 </DOCNO>
Perfect numbers and groups


  A number is perfect if it is the sum of its proper divisors; here we call a
finite group `perfect' if its order is the sum of the orders of its proper
normal subgroups. (This conflicts with standard terminology but confusion
should not arise.) The notion of perfect group generalizes that of perfect
number, since a cyclic group is perfect exactly when its order is perfect. We
show that, in fact, the only abelian perfect groups are the cyclic ones, and
exhibit some non-abelian perfect groups of even order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179743 </DOCNO>
Production of phi mesons in subthreshold heavy-ion collisions


  Within a BUU type transport model we study $\phi$ meson production in
subthreshold Ni+Ni and Ru+Ru reactions. For the first time we included in our
model the elementary reaction channels $\rho+N,\Delta \to \phi+N$, $\pi+N(1520)
\to \phi+N$ and $\pi \rho$ $\to$ $\phi$. In spite of a substantial increase of
the $\phi$ multiplicities by these channels our results stay significantly
below the preliminary experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2901 </DOCNO>
Dissipative particle dynamics for interacting systems


  We introduce a dissipative particle dynamics scheme for the dynamics of
non-ideal fluids. Given a free-energy density that determines the
thermodynamics of the system, we derive consistent conservative forces. The use
of these effective, density dependent forces reduces the local structure as
compared to previously proposed models. This is an important feature in
mesoscopic modeling, since it ensures a realistic length and time scale
separation in coarse-grained models. We consider in detail the behavior of a
van der Waals fluid and a binary mixture with a miscibility gap. We discuss the
physical implications of having a single length scale characterizing the
interaction range, in particular for the interfacial properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125790 </DOCNO>
Temporal characteristics of the X-ray emission of NGC 7469


  We present a study of the time variability of NGC 7469, based on a ~30 d
RXTE/PCA observation. Variability is seen across the X-ray band, and spectral
changes are observed. The softness ratio is correlated with the ultraviolet
flux, but appears to show more rapid variability. The RMS variability parameter
calculated on ~1d time scales is significantly variable, and sharp increases
are seen close to the periods where the spectrum is hardest. Cross correlation
of 2-4 keV, 4-10 keV and 10-15 keV light curves show a peak at zero delay, but
the CCFs are skewed towards positive lags (i.e. the soft leading the hard) with
an apparent time lag of about 0.5d. The power spectral density (PSD) function
in the 2-10 keV band shows no clear features - for example periodicities or
breaks - but a power law is a rather poor fit, particularly to the high
frequency spectrum. The normalized PSD in the soft X-ray band shows a larger
amplitude of variability on long time scales but the hard X-ray PSD is flatter,
and shows more power on time scales less than about 1d. Our data broadly
support the idea that the X-rays are produced by Compton upscattering of
lower-energy seed photons, as had been previously concluded. They are difficult
to reconcile with models in which the sole source of variability is the seed
photons, and more likely suggest a variability process intrinsic to the X-ray
corona. Our interpretation for these results is that the low-frequency
variability in NGC 7469 does arise via variations in the Compton seed photons,
but that the high frequency variability arises from the coronal heating
mechanism (truncated)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74630 </DOCNO>
Classical Initial Conditions for Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions


  We present the results of an analytical calculation of the distribution of
gluons in the state immediately following a heavy ion collision in the
quasi-classical limit of QCD given by McLerran-Venugopalan model. We show that
the typical transverse energy Et of the produced gluons is of the order of the
saturation scale of the nuclei Qs, as predicted by Mueller. We demonstrate that
due to multiple rescatterings the obtained gluon distribution remains finite
(up to logarithms of k) in the soft transverse momentum limit of k << Q_s. We
compare the gluon spectrum in the single nuclear wave function before the
collision to the spectrum of the produced gluons. The total number of produced
gluons turns out to be proportional to the total number of gluons inside the
nuclear wave function before the collision with the proportionality coefficient
c = 2 ln 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129559 </DOCNO>
Small-x Growth of Nucleon Structure Functions and Its Manifestations in


  Rapid growth of neutrino-nucleon cross-sections at high energies due to
hypothetical hard pomeron enhancement of $\nu N$-structure functions is
discussed. Differential and integral hadron moments, which, together with
cross-sections, define rates of hadron-electromagnetic cascades in a neutrino
detector are calculated for different power-law decreasing neutrino spectra.
For comparison two small-x extrapolation schemes are discussed. First includes
Regge theory inspired hard pomeron enhancement of $\nu N$-structure functions.
The second is obtained with the help of trivial extrapolation of perturbative
QCD structure functions from the large x region to the small x one.
  Implications of hard pomeron effects for cross-sections and hadron moments
are demonstrated. The most pronounced manifestations are found in integral
hadron moments for the case of charged current electron (anti)neutrinos
scattering off nucleons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76957 </DOCNO>
Parton and dipole approaches in QCD


  Here, we discuss QCD predictions on multiplicities in parton and dipole
approaches. The most general treatment is based on the notion of the generating
functions. The generating function G is defined as $G(u,y)=\sum_nu^nP_n(y)$,
where $P_n$ is the probability of the n-particle production at energy denoted
by y, u is an auxiliary variable. The mean multiplicity and higher moments of
the multiplicity distribution $P_n$ are given by the u-derivatives of G at u=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72805 </DOCNO>
The Stringy Representation of the D>=3 Yang-Mills Theory


  I put forward the stringy representation of the 1/N strong coupling (SC)
expansion for the regularized Wilson's loop-averages in the continuous D>=3
Yang-Mills theory (YM_{D}) with a sufficiently large bare coupling constant
\lambda>\lambda_{cr} and a fixed ultraviolet cut off \Lambda. The proposed
representation is proved to provide with the confining solution of the
Dyson-Schwinger chain of the judiciously regularized U(N) Loop equations.
Building on the results obtained, we suggest the stringy pattern of the
low-energy theory associated to the D=4 U(\infty)=SU(\infty) gauge theory in
the standard \lambda=>0 phase with the asymptotic freedom in the UV domain. A
nontrivial test, to clarify whether the AdS/CFT correspondence conjecture may
be indeed applicable to the large N pure YM_{4} theory in the \lambda=>\infty
limit, is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126715 </DOCNO>
Existence of Large Scale Synchrotron X-ray Jets in Radio-loud Active


  In this paper, analytical arguments are presented that there exists a
synchrotron X-ray jet on large scales in most radio-loud AGNs, based on the
knowledge of the nature and physics of blazars. In blue blazars and
blue-blazar-like radio galaxies, the large scale X-ray jet may get faint along
the jet, while in most red blazars and red-blazar-like radio galaxies, the
X-ray jet is bright on 10 kpc scales whether the jet is highly relativistic on
large scales or not. In extreme red blazars in which the jet is still highly
relativistic on large scales and the synchrotron peak of the inner jet lies in
the infrared bands, the X-ray jet may get fainter along the jet from 10 kpc to
100 kpc scales while the optical and IR jet gets brighter. The predictions can
be tested with the ongoing observations of the Chandra X-ray Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169446 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Coupling Conjecture


  Following the successful prediction of an exact value for the fine structure
constant later confirmed to differ numerically from the centre value of the
latest experimental recommended CODATA range by 10^{-12}, further analysis and
predictions of exact values for two other quantum coupling constants, the
strong and the electroweak, are given. The method employed to obtain these
theoretical values depends on the conjecture that measured values of a
fundamental set of quantum coupling constants approximate to exact values that
can be found in a specific set C_Q of numerical values which has a countable
number of elements. The letter C and its subscript Q stand for coupling and
quantum respectively. A full definition of this set are given in the body of
this paper. Questions of how this conjecture might be validated from the
theoretical and measurement point of view and the identification of those
elements of C_Q which have values of definite physical significance constitute
the subject matter of this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95989 </DOCNO>
L'approximation par des polyn{\^o}mes {\`a} coefficients entiers


  This expository article proves some results of Ferguson, on the approximation
of continuous functions on a compact subset of R by polynomials with integral
coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150248 </DOCNO>
Considerations on Super Poincare Algebras and their Extensions to Simple


  We consider simple superalgebras which are a supersymmetric extension of
$\fspin(s,t)$ in the cases where the number of odd generators does not exceed
64. All of them contain a super Poincar\'e algebra as a contraction and another
as a subalgebra. Because of the contraction property, some of these algebras
can be interpreted as de Sitter or anti de Sitter superalgebras. However, the
number of odd generators present in the contraction is not always minimal due
to the different splitting properties of the spinor representations under a
subalgebra. We consider the general case, with arbitrary dimension and
signature, and examine in detail particular examples with physical implications
in dimensions $d=10$ and $d=4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41740 </DOCNO>
Rayleigh Scattering in Rare Gas Liquids


  The Rayleigh scattering length has been calculated for rare-gas liquids in
the ultraviolet for the frequencies at which they luminesce. The calculations
are based on the measured dielectric constants in the gas phase, except in the
case of xenon for which measurements are available in the liquid. The
scattering length mayplace constraints on the design of some large-scale
detectors, using uv luminescence, being proposed to observe solar neutrinos and
dark matter. Rayleigh scattering in mixtures of rare-gas mixtures is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3585 </DOCNO>
Electron transport properties of MgB2 in the normal state


  We have measured the resistivity and the Seebeck coefficient of a MgB2
sintered sample. The temperature dependence of resistivity is fitted well by a
generalized Bloch-Gruneisen equation with a Debye temperature of 1050 K. The
Seebeck coefficient is given by the sum of a diffusive and a phonon drag term
and the behavior in the temperature region $% Tc<T<0.1\Theta_{R}$ follows a
relationship $AT+BT^{3}$ where the two terms are proportional to the electron
and to the phonon specific heat, respectively. The phonon drag term, here
emphasized for the first time, is rather large, indicating a strong
electron-phonon interaction. The diffusive term is positive and increases with
Al doping. The comparison of the experimental values with calculations
including precise electronic structure suggests that $\sigma $ bands give the
main contribution to the Seebeck effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168608 </DOCNO>
New Developments in the Casimir Effect


  We provide a review of both new experimental and theoretical developments in
the Casimir effect. The Casimir effect results from the alteration by the
boundaries of the zero-point electromagnetic energy. Unique to the Casimir
force is its strong dependence on shape, switching from attractive to repulsive
as function of the size, geometry and topology of the boundary. Thus the
Casimir force is a direct manifestation of the boundary dependence of quantum
vacuum.
  We discuss in depth the general structure of the infinities in the field
theory which are removed by a combination of zeta-functional regularization and
heat kernel expansion. Different representations for the regularized vacuum
energy are given. The Casimir energies and forces in a number of configurations
of interest to applications are calculated. We stress the development of the
Casimir force for real media including effects of nonzero temperature, finite
conductivity of the boundary metal and surface roughness. Also the combined
effect of these important factors is investigated in detail on the basis of
condensed matter physics and quantum field theory at nonzero temperature.
  The experiments on measuring the Casimir force are also reviewed, starting
first with the older measurements and finishing with a detailed presentation of
modern precision experiments. The latter are accurately compared with the
theoretical results for real media.
  At the end of the review we provide the most recent constraints on the
corrections to Newtonian gravitational law and other hypothetical long-range
interactions at submillimeter range obtained from the Casimir force
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76067 </DOCNO>
The Impact of an Extra Background of Relativistic Particles on the


  Recent estimates of cosmological parameters derived from Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB) anisotropies are based on the assumption that we know the
precise amount of energy density in relativistic particles in the universe,
$\omega_{rel}$, at all times. There are, however, many possible mechanisms that
can undermine this assumption. In this paper we investigate the effect that
removing this assumption has on the determination of the various cosmological
parameters. We obtain fairly general bounds on the redshift of equality,
$z_{eq}= \omega_{m}/\omega_{rel}=3100_{-400}^{+600}$. We show that
$\omega_{rel}$ is nearly degenerate with the amount of energy in matter,
$\omega_m$, and that its inclusion in CMB parameter estimation also affects the
present constraints on other parameters such as the curvature or the scalar
spectral index of primordial fluctuations. This degeneracy has the effect of
limiting the precision of parameter estimation from the MAP satellite, but it
can be broken by measurements on smaller scales such as those provided by the
Planck satellite mission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5241 </DOCNO>
Double quantum dots: interdot interactions, co-tunneling, and Kondo


  We show that through an interdot off-site electron correlation in a double
quantum-dot (DQD) device, Kondo resonances emerge in the local density of
states without the electron spin-degree of freedom. We identify the physical
mechanism behind this phenomenon: rather than forming a spin singlet in the
device as required in the conventional Kondo physics, we found that exchange of
electron position between the two quantum dots, together with the off-site
Coulomb interaction, are sufficient to induce the Kondo resonance. Due to
peculiar co-tunneling events, the Kondo resonance in one dot may be pinned at
the chemical potential of the other one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98509 </DOCNO>
The symplectic vortex equations and invariants of Hamiltonian group


  In this paper we define invariants of Hamiltonian group actions for central
regular values of the moment map. The key hypotheses are that the moment map is
proper and that the ambient manifold is symplectically aspherical. The
invariants are based on the symplectic vortex equations. Applications include
an existence theorem for relative periodic orbits, a computation for circle
actions on a complex vector space, and a theorem about the relation between the
invariants introduced here and the Seiberg--Witten invariants of a product of a
Riemann surface with a two-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128191 </DOCNO>
Four Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus Star-Forming Region


  We have identified four brown dwarfs in the Taurus star-forming region. They
were first selected from $R$ and $I$ CCD photometry of 2.29 square degrees
obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Subsequently, they were
recovered in the 2MASS second incremental data release point source catalog.
Low-resolution optical spectra obtained at the William Herschel telescope allow
us to derive spectral types in the range M7--M9. One of the brown dwarfs has
very strong H$\alpha$ emission (EW=-340 \AA). It also displays Br$\gamma$
emission in an infrared spectrum obtained with IRCS on the Subaru telescope,
suggesting that it is accreting matter from a disk. The \ion{K}{1} resonance
doublet and the \ion{Na}{1} subordinate doublet at 818.3 and 819.5 nm in these
Taurus objects are weaker than in field dwarfs of similar spectral type,
consistent with low surface gravities as expected for young brown dwarfs. Two
of the objects are cooler and fainter than GG Tau Bb, the lowest mass known
member of the Taurus association. We estimate masses of only 0.03 M$_\odot$ for
them. The spatial distribution of brown dwarfs in Taurus hints to a possible
anticorrelation between the density of stars and the density of brown dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174777 </DOCNO>
Possibility to deduce the emission time sequence of neutrons and protons


  Experimental information has been derived from the neutron-proton correlation
function in order to deduce the time sequence of neutrons and protons emitted
at 45 degrees in the E/A = 45 MeV 58Ni + 27Al reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168778 </DOCNO>
Is quantum decoherence reality or appearance?


  It has been experimentally demonstrated that quantum coherence can persist in
macroscopic phenomena [J.R. Friedman et al.,Nature, 406 (2000) 43]. To face the
challenge of this new fact, in this article QM in its standard form is assumed
to be extended by one beable (hidden variable), i. e., a quantum observable
with always definite values in nature (but usually only statistically given in
the quantum state). Localization is taken as the most plausible beable. The
paradoxical aspects of conventional QM take now a different form. Suitably
defining the notion of "subject" fully within the QM formalism, proving the
quantum conditional subsystem-state theorem, and choosing the
relative-decoherence interpretation of QM, the paradoxes formally disappear,
leaving one with decoherence relative to the definite values of the beable;
thus being only appearance, not absolute reality in QM. Relative to a different
subject one has perseverance of coherence. Hence, in this approach it is
claimed that decoherence and coherence, both exist in reality, but are not
"seen" by the same subject, and "subject" is, in this interpretation,
indispensable. The two mentioned, apparently contradictory phenomena, are in
this way decoupled from each other, contradiction is avoided, and any one of
the two can be treated in the way that is usual in QM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75571 </DOCNO>
Higgs production plus two jets at hadron colliders


  In this talk we present a calculation of Higgs production via gluon fusion in
association with two jets, including the full top-quark mass dependence, and
compare it to the large top-mass limit. We find that the large top-mass limit
is a good approximation as long as the Higgs mass is smaller than the top quark
pair mass, and the jet transverse energies are smaller than the top mass. In
addition, we compare Higgs production via gluon fusion and via weak-boson
fusion, and consider final-state distributions, like the rapidity interval
between the jets and the jet-jet azimuthal decorrelation, which may allow us to
distinguish one fusion process from the other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149615 </DOCNO>
Gauged Supergravities from Spherical Reductions


  This dissertation is devoted to deriving the bosonic sectors of certain
gauged supergravities in various dimensions from reducing eleven-dimensional
supergravity, type IIA and type IIB supergravities in ten dimensions on certain
spherical spaces. Explicit non-linear Kaluza-Klein ans\"atze for reductions of
eleven-dimensional supergravity and of type IIA and type IIB supergravities on
$S^n$ and $S^n\times T^m$ are presented. Knowing explicit non-linear ans\"atze
is proven to be very useful in finding super Yang-Mills operators of gauge
theories via AdS/CFT correspondence. We present a sample calculation which
allows us to find a super Yang-Mills operator using a non-linear ansatz.
Knowing non-linear ans\"atze is also useful for finding supergravity duals to
certain twisted supersymmetric gauge theories. These supergravity solutions are
branes wrapped on certain supersymmetric cycles. Some solutions, which are dual
to gauge theories in three and five dimensions, are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95498 </DOCNO>
An index for closed orbits in Beltrami fields


  We consider the class of Beltrami fields (eigenfields of the curl operator)
on three-dimensional Riemannian solid tori: such vector fields arise as steady
incompressible inviscid fluids and plasmas. Using techniques from contact
geometry, we construct an integer-valued index for detecting closed orbits in
the flow which are topologically inessential (they have winding number zero
with respect to the solid torus). This index is independent of the Riemannian
structure, and is computable entirely from a C^1 approximation to the vector
field on any meridional disc of the solid torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77 </DOCNO>
Induced local spin-singlet amplitude and pseudogap in high $T_{c}$


  In this paper we show that local spin-singlet amplitude with d-wave symmetry,
$<|\Delta_{d}(0)|^{2}>$, can be induced by short-range spin correlations even
in the absence of pairing interactions. Fluctuation theory is formulated to
make connection between pseudogap temperature $T^{*}$, pseudogap size
$\Delta_{pg}$ and $<|\Delta_{d}(0)|^{2}>$. In the present scenario for the
pseudogap, the normal state pseudogap is caused by the induced local
spin-singlet amplitude due to short-range spin correlations, which compete in
the low energy sector with superconducting correlations to make $T_{c}$ go to
zero near half-filling. Calculated $T^{*}$ falls from a high value onto the
$T_{c}$ line and closely follows mean-field N\'{e}el temperature $T_{N}^{MF}$.
The calculated $\Delta_{pg}$ is in good agreement with experimental results. We
propose an experiment in which the present scenario can be critically tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1012 </DOCNO>
Observation of Magnetic Moments in the Superconducting State of


  Neutron Scattering measurements for YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.6}$ have identified
small magnetic moments that increase in strength as the temperature is reduced
below $T^\ast$ and further increase below $T_c$. An analysis of the data shows
the moments are antiferromagnetic between the Cu-O planes with a correlation
length of longer than 195 \AA in the $a$-$b$ plane and about 35 \AA along the
c-axis. The origin of the moments is unknown, and their properties are
discusssed both in terms of Cu spin magnetism and orbital bond currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125418 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing potential reconstruction in quadruply imaged


  We develop a semi - analytical method to reconstruct the lensing potential in
quadruply imaged gravitational lens systems. Assuming that the potential
belongs to a broad class of boxy non - elliptical models, we show how it is
possible to write down a system of equations which can be numerically solved to
recover the potential parameters directly from image positions and using
physical constraints. We also describe a code developed to search for solutions
of the system previously found and test it on simulated cases. Finally, we
apply the method to the quadruple lens PG1115+080 which allows us to get also
an estimate of the Hubble constant H_0 from the measured time delay as H_0 =
56_{-11}^{+17} km/s/Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3494 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phenomena in Low-Dimensional Systems


  A brief summary of the physics of low-dimensional quantum systems is given.
The material should be accessible to advanced physics undergraduate students.
References to recent review articles and books are provided when possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2723 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics and the description of the early universe II.


  If the universe is slightly non-extensive, and the distribution functions are
not exactly given by those of Boltzmann-Gibbs, the primordial production of
light elements will be non-trivially modified. In particular, the principle of
detailed balance (PDB), of fundamental importance in the standard analytical
analysis, is no longer valid, and a non-extensive correction appears. This
correction is computed and its influence is studied and compared with previous
works, where, even when the universe was considered as an slightly
non-extensive system, the PDB was assumed valid. We analytically track the
formation of Helium and Deuterium, and study the kind of deviation one could
expect from the standard regime. The correction to the capture time, the moment
in which Deuterium can no longer be substantially photo-disintegrated, is also
presented. This allows us to take into account the process of the free decay of
neutrons, which was absent in all previous treatments of the topic. We show
that even when considering a first (linear) order correction in the quantum
distribution functions, the final output on the primordial nucleosynthesis
yields cannot be reduced to a linear correction in the abundances. We finally
obtain new bounds upon the non-extensive parameter, both comparing the range of
physical viability of the theory, and using the latest observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123504 </DOCNO>
The effect of reionization on the COBE normalization


  We point out that the effect of reionization on the microwave anisotropy
power spectrum is not necessarily negligible on the scales probed by COBE. It
can lead to an upward shift of the COBE normalization by more than the
one-sigma error quoted ignoring reionization. We provide a fitting function to
incorporate reionization into the normalization of the matter power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3447 </DOCNO>
Charge excitations in LiV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ and NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$:


  We calculate the optical conductivity of LiV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ and
NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ using exact numerical diagonalization of a quarter-filled
extended Hubbard model on a system of coupled ladders. In particular,
electronic correlations are treated exactly, and a quantitative agreement
between calculated and experimentally observed optical conductivity of these
two vanadium oxides is presented. Furthermore, it is found that
LiV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ differs from NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ not only in the charge ordering
pattern but also in the nature of the inter-ladder coupling: In contrast to
LiV$_{2}$O$_{5}$, in NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ neighboring ladders are coupled by a
strong Coulomb repulsion, and not by inter-ladder hopping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114354 </DOCNO>
Beam Diagnostics Systems For The National Ignition Facility


  The National Ignition Facility laser focuses 1.8 Mega-joules of ultraviolet
light (wavelength 351 nano-meters) from 192 beams into a
600-micro-meter-diameter volume. Effective use of this output in target
experiments requires that the power output from all the beams match within 8%
over their entire 20-nanosecond waveform. The scope of NIF beam diagnostics
systems necessary to accomplish this task is unprecedented for laser
facilities. Each beam line contains 110 major optical components distributed
over a 510 meter path, and diagnostic tolerances for beam measurement are
demanding. Total laser pulse energy is measured with 2.8% precision, and the
inter-beam temporal variation of pulse power is measured with 4% precision.
These measurement goals are achieved through use of approximately 160 sensor
packages that measure the energy at five locations and power at 3 locations
along each beamline using 335 photodiodes, 215 calorimeters and 36 digitizers.
Successful operation of such a system requires a high level of automation of
the widely distributed sensors. Computer control systems provide the basis for
operating the shot diagnostics with repeatable accuracy, assisted by operators
who oversee system activities and setup, respond to performance exceptions, and
complete calibration and maintenance tasks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148338 </DOCNO>
Chiral Anomaly and CPT invariance in an implicit momentum space


  This is the second in a series of two contributions in which we set out to
establish a novel momentum space framework to treat field theoretical
infinities in perturbative calculations when parity-violating objects occur.
Since no analytic continuation on the space-time dimension is effected, this
framework can be particularly useful to treat dimension-specific theories.
Moreover arbitrary local terms stemming from the underlying infinities of the
model can be properly parametrized. We (re)analyse the undeterminacy of the
radiatively generated CPT violating Chern-Simons term within an extended
version of $QED_4$ and calculate the Adler-Bardeen-Bell-Jackiw triangle anomaly
to show that our framework is consistent and general to handle the subtleties
involved when a radiative corretion is finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3901 </DOCNO>
First-Principles Calculation of Electric Field Gradients and Hyperfine


  The local electronic structure of YBa2Cu3O7 has been calculated using
first-principles cluster methods. Several clusters embedded in an appropriate
background potential have been investigated. The electric field gradients at
the copper and oxygen sites are determined and compared to previous theoretical
calculations and experiments. Spin polarized calculations with different spin
multiplicities have enabled a detailed study of the spin density distribution
to be made and a simultaneous determination of magnetic hyperfine coupling
parameters. The contributions from on-site and transferred hyperfine fields
have been disentangled with the conclusion that the transferred spin densities
essentially are due to nearest neighbour copper ions only with marginal
influence of ions further away. This implies that the variant temperature
dependencies of the planar copper and oxygen NMR spin-lattice relaxation rates
are only compatible with commensurate antiferromagnetic correlations. The
theoretical hyperfine parameters are compared with those derived from
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2812 </DOCNO>
Mobility-Dependence of the Critical Density in Two-Dimensional Systems:


  For five different electron and hole systems in two dimensions (Si MOSFET's,
p-GaAs, p-SiGe, n-GaAs and n-AlAs), the critical density, $n_c$ that marks the
onset of strong localization is shown to be a single power-law function of the
scattering rate $1/\tau$ deduced from the maximum mobility. The resulting curve
defines the boundary separating a localized phase from a phase that exhibits
metallic behavior. The critical density $n_c \to 0$ in the limit of infinite
mobility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 903 </DOCNO>
Conformal symmetry and the nonlinear Schrodinger equation


  We show that the width of the wave-packet of a class of generalized nonlinear
Schrodinger equations (NLSE) trapped in an arbitrary time-dependent harmonic
well in any dimensions is universally determined by the same Hill's equation.
This class of generalized NLSE is characterized by a dynamical O(2,1) symmetry
in absence of the trap. As an application, we study the dynamical instabilities
of the rotating as well as non-rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in one and
two dimensions. We also show exact extended parametric resonance in a
non-relativistic Chern-Simons theory producing a gauged NLSE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113715 </DOCNO>
New Developments on Gravitational Force and Nonlinear Oscillations of


  This paper contains results obtained as solutions of the Unified Field Theory
equations. It yields space nonlinear oscillations, a quartet of gravitational
forces, quintessence, and replaces Einstein's Cosmological Constant by an
invariant parameter $r_0$ which prevails over the entire evolution of the
Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149743 </DOCNO>
Domain Wall and de Sitter Solutions of Gauged Supergravity


  BPS domain wall solutions of gauged supergravities are found, including those
theories which have non-compact gauge groups. These include models that have
both an unstable de Sitter solution and stable domain wall solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126138 </DOCNO>
Results and plans of the CRESST dark matter search


  Data taken by CRESST in 2000 with a cryogenic detector system based on 262 g
sapphire crystals is used to place limits on WIMP dark matter in the Galactic
Halo. The detector is especially sensitive for low-mass WIMPS with
spin-dependent cross sections and improves on existing limits in this region.
CRESST is now preparing for a second phase, which will use a 10 kg detector
consisting of 300 g CaWO4 crystals with simultaneous detection of phonons and
scintillation light to reduce background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168528 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic interference


  We analyze a double-slit experiment when the interfering particle is
"mesoscopic" and one endeavors to obtain Welcher Weg information by shining
light on it. We derive a compact expression for the visibility of the
interference pattern: coherence depends on both the spatial and temporal
features of the wave function during its travel to the screen. We set a bound
on the temperature of the mesoscopic particle in order that its quantum
mechanical coherence be maintained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5769 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamic response of MgB2 sintered pellets and thin films


  We present a study of the electrodynamic response of MgB2 pellets and thin
film samples exhibiting critical temperatures ranging between 26 and 38 K. We
have performed accurate measurements of the surface impedance ZS =RS+iXS as a
function of the temperature and of the magnitude of the electromagnetic field.
The temperature variation and the field dependence of ZS was measured by a
dielectric resonator cavity technique in the microwave region. In particular,
the temperature variation of the magnetic penetration depth was also determined
in the RF region by a single coil mutual inductance method. In the case of the
films, for T<TC/2 a clear exponential behavior of the penetration depth is
observed, which can be explained by a simple BCS s-wave model with a reduced
value of the energy gap. On the contrary, pellets show no evidence of
saturation, and the experimental results strictly follow a quadratic dependence
down to the lowest temperatures. This behavior can be induced by the presence
of metallic Mg inclusions that may locally depress the gap. The analysis of the
field dependence of the surface impedance in the microwave region confirms that
the electrodynamic response of MgB2 is dominated by different sources of
dissipation, depending on the sample history, likely to be ascribed to the
predominance of grain boundaries or normal regions on its surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3569 </DOCNO>
A glass transition scenario based on heterogeneities and entropy


  We propose a scenario for the glass transition based on the cooperative
nature of nucleation processes and entropic effects. The main point is the
relation between the off-equilibrium energy dissipation and nucleation
processes in off-equilibrium supercooled liquids which leads to a natural
definition of the complexity. From the absence of coarsening growth we can
derive an entropy based fluctuation formula which relates the free energy
dissipation rate in the glass with the nucleation rate of the largest
cooperative regions. As by-product we obtain a new phenomenological relation
between the largest relaxation time in the supercooled liquid phase and an
effective temperature. This differs from the Adam-Gibbs relation in that
predicts no divergence of the primary relaxation time at the Kauzmann
temperature and the existence of a crossover from fragile to strong behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2489 </DOCNO>
Observation of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in the


  Single crystals of the layered organic type II superconductor,
$\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu(NCS)$_{2}$, have been studied in magnetic fields of
up to 33 T and at temperatures between 0.5 K and 11 K using a compact
differential susceptometer. When the magnetic field lies precisely in the
quasi-two-dimensional planes of the material, there is strong evidence for a
phase transition from the superconducting mixed state into a
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state, manisfested as a change in the
rigidity of the vortex system. The behaviour of the transition as a function of
temperature is in good agreement with theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123860 </DOCNO>
Expectations for SZ cluster counts: mass function versus X-ray


  We present a comparison of the SZ cluster counts predicted by the
Press-Schechter (PS) mass function (MF) and the X-ray luminosity function (XLF)
of clusters. The employment of the cluster XLF, together with the
observationally determined X-ray luminosity(Lx)-temperature(T) relation, may
allow us to estimate the SZ cluster counts in a more realistic manner, although
such an empirical approach depends sensitively on our current knowledge of the
dynamical properties of intracluster gas and its cosmic evolution. Using both
the non-evolving and evolving XLFs of clusters suggested by X-ray observations,
we calculate the expectations for SZ surveys of clusters with X-ray luminosity
Lx>3X10^{44} erg/s and Lx>1X10^{43} erg/s in the 0.5 - 2.0 band, respectively.
The non-evolving XLF results in a significant excess of SZ cluster counts at
high redshifts as compared with the evolving XLF, while a slightly steeper Lx-T
relation than the observed one is needed to reproduce the distributions of SZ
clusters predicted by the standard PS formalism. It is pointed out that
uncertainties in the cosmological application of future SZ cluster surveys via
the standard PS formalism should be carefully studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149219 </DOCNO>
Confinement with Kalb - Ramond Fields


  We consider models with N U(1) gauge fields A_{\mu}^n, N Kalb-Ramond fields
B_{\mu \nu}^n, an arbitrary bare action and a fixed UV cutoff \Lambda. Under
mild assumptions these can be obtained as effective low energy theories of
SU(N+1) Yang Mills theories in the maximal abelian gauge. For a large class of
bare actions they can be solved in the large N limit and exhibit confinement.
The confining phase is characterized by an approximate ``low energy'' vector
gauge symmetry under which the Kalb-Ramond fields B_{\mu\nu}^n transform. The
same symmetry allows for a duality transformation showing that magnetic
monopoles have condensed. The models allow for various mechanisms of
confinement, depending on which sources for A_{\mu}^n or B_{\mu \nu}^n are
switched on, but the area law for the Wilson loop is obtained in any case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4505 </DOCNO>
Far infrared absorption in triangular and square quantum dots:


  The far-infrared absorption of triangular and square two-dimensional quantum
dots is studied by means of time simulations of the density oscillations within
the time-dependent local-spin-density approximation. The absorption is
spatially analyzed using a local-response theory that allows the identification
of {\em corner} and {\em side} modes in the geometric nanostructures. The
evolution with a vertical magnetic field of varying intensity is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98442 </DOCNO>
Notes on Linear Algebra


  This is a set of homework assignments on Linear Algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73104 </DOCNO>
Pair production of charged Higgs scalars from electroweak gauge boson


  We compute the contribution to charged Higgs boson pair production at the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) due to the scattering of two electroweak (EW) gauge
bosons, these being in turn generated via bremsstrahlung off incoming quarks
and antiquarks: $q\bar q\to q\bar q V^*V^*\to q\bar q H^+H^-$
($V=\gamma,Z,W^\pm$). We verify that the production cross section of this mode
is $\tan\beta$ independent and show that it is smaller than that of $H^+H^-$
production via $q\bar q$-initiated processes but generally larger than that of
the loop-induced channel $gg\to H^+H^-$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74564 </DOCNO>
Instantons in the Saturation Environment


  We show that instanton calculations in QCD become theoretically well defined
in the gluon saturation environment which suppresses large size instantons. The
effective cutoff scale is determined by the inverse of the saturation scale. We
concentrate on two most important cases: the small-x tail of a gluon
distribution of a high energy hadron or a large nucleus and the central
rapidity region in a high energy hadronic or heavy ion collision. In the
saturation regime the gluon density in a single large ultrarelativistic nucleus
is high and gluonic fields are given by the classical solutions of the
equations of motion. We show that these strong classical fields do not affect
the density of instantons in the nuclear wave function compared to the
instanton density in the vacuum. A classical solution with non-trivial
topological charge is found for the gluon field of a single nucleus at the
lowest order in the instanton perturbation theory. In the case of
ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions a strong classical gluonic field is
produced in the central rapidity region. We demonstrate that this field
introduces a suppression factor of exp{-c \rho^4 Q_s^4 / [8 \alpha^2 N_c (Q_s
\tau)^2]} in the instanton size distribution, where Q_s is the saturation scale
of both (identical) nuclei, \tau is the proper time and c = 1 is the gluon
liberation coefficient. This factor suggests that gluonic saturation effects at
the early stages of nuclear collisions regulate the instanton size distribution
in the infrared region and make the instanton density finite by suppressing
large size instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4818 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian approach to the ac Josephson effect in


  The ac Josephson effect in hybrid systems of a normal mesoscopic conductor
coupled to two superconducting (S) leads is investigated theoretically. A
general formula of the ac components of time-dependent current is derived which
is valid for arbitrary interactions in the normal region. We apply this formula
to analyze a S-normal-S system where the normal region is a noninteracting
single level quantum dot. We report the physical behavior of time-averaged
nonequilibrium distribution of electrons in the quantum dot, the formation of
Andreev bound states, and ac components of the time-dependent current. The
distribution is found to exhibit a population inversion; and all Andreev bound
states between the superconducting gap $\Delta$ carry the same amount of
current and in the same flow direction. The ac components of time-dependent
current show strong oscillatory behavior in marked contrast to the subharmonic
gap structure of the average current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96528 </DOCNO>
Impossibility of obtaining split links from split links via twistings


  We show that if a split link is obtained from a split link $L$ in $S^3$ by
$1/n$-Dehn surgery along a trivial knot $C$, then the link $L\cup C$ is
splittable. That is to say, it is impossible to obtain a split link from a
split link via a non-trivial twisting. As its corollary, we completely
determine when a trivial link is obtained from a trivial link via a twisting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129068 </DOCNO>
Seeing Measurements at Skinakas Observatory using the DIMM method


  We present preliminary results from a study of the seeing at Skinakas
Observatory in Crete, Greece. The measurements have been made during the years
2000 and 2001 using a two-aperture Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM).
The results of both campaigns are extremely promising with the median seeing
value being 0.''64 and 0.''69, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168374 </DOCNO>
Are all noisy quantum states obtained from pure ones?


  We ask what type of mixed quantum states can arise when a number of separated
parties start by sharing a pure quantum state and then this pure state becomes
contaminated by noise. We show that not all mixed states arise in this way.
This is even the case if the separated parties actively try to degrade their
initial pure state by arbitrary local actions and classical communication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3881 </DOCNO>
Resonating Valence Bond Wave Functions for Strongly Frustrated Spin


  The Resonating Valence Bond (RVB) theory for two-dimensional quantum
antiferromagnets is shown to be the correct paradigm for large enough ``quantum
frustration''. This scenario, proposed long time ago but never confirmed by
microscopic calculations, is very strongly supported by a new type of
variational wave function, which is extremely close to the exact ground state
of the $J_1{-}J_2$ Heisenberg model for $0.4 \lesssim J_2/J_1\lesssim 0.5$.
This wave function is proposed to represent the generic spin-half RVB ground
state in spin liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73560 </DOCNO>
Parton Distribution Function Uncertainties


  We present parton distribution functions which include a quantitative
estimate of its uncertainties. The parton distribution functions are optimized
with respect to deep inelastic proton data, expressing the uncertainties as a
density measure over the functional space of parton distribution functions.
This leads to a convenient method of propagating the parton distribution
function uncertainties to new observables, now expressing the uncertainty as a
density in the prediction of the observable. New measurements can easily be
included in the optimized sets as added weight functions to the density
measure. Using the optimized method nowhere in the analysis compromises have to
be made with regard to the treatment of the uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6128 </DOCNO>
Electronic and magnetic structure of CsV$_2$O$_5$


  We have studied the electronic structure of the spin-gapped system
CsV$_2$O$_5$ by means of an ab initio calculation.
  Our analysis and a re-examination of the susceptibility data indicate that
the behavior of this system is much closer to that of an alternating spin-1/2
antiferromagnetic chain with significant inter-dimer coupling and weaker
inter-chain couplings than that of isolated dimers as was initially proposed.
Comparison to the vanadate family members $\alpha '$-NaV$_2$O$_5$,
  $\gamma$-LiV$_2$O$_5$ and isostructural compounds like
(VO)$_{2}$P$_{2}$O$_{7}$ (VOPO) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77136 </DOCNO>
Mass scale effects for the Sudakov form factors in theories with the


  The off-shell and the on-shell Sudakov form factors in theories with broken
gauge symmetry are calculated in the double-logarithmic approximation. We have
used different infrared cut-offs, i.e. different mass scales, for virtual
photons and weak gauge bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97406 </DOCNO>
Information flow on trees


  Consider a tree network $T$, where each edge acts as an independent copy of a
given channel $M$, and information is propagated from the root. For which $T$
and $M$ does the configuration obtained at level $n$ of $T$ typically contain
significant information on the root variable? This problem arose independently
in biology, information theory and statistical physics.
  For all $b$, we construct a channel for which the variable at the root of the
$b$-ary tree is independent of the configuration at level 2 of that tree, yet
for sufficiently large $B>b$, the mutual information between the configuration
at level $n$ of the $B$-ary tree and the root variable is bounded away from
zero. This is related to certain secret-sharing protocols.
  We improve the upper bounds on information flow for asymmetric binary
channels (which correspond to the Ising model with an external field) and for
symmetric $q$-ary channels (which correspond to Potts models).
  Let $\lam_2(M)$ denote the second largest eigenvalue of $M$, in absolute
value. A CLT of Kesten and Stigum~(1966) implies that if $b |\lam_2(M)|^2 >1$,
then the {\em census} of the variables at any level of the $b$-ary tree,
contains significant information on the root variable. We establish a converse:
if $b |\lam_2(M)|^2 < 1$, then the census of the variables at level $n$ of the
$b$-ary tree is asymptotically independent of the root variable. This contrasts
with examples where $b |\lam_2(M)|^2 <1$, yet the {\em configuration} at level
$n$ is not asymptotically independent of the root variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72832 </DOCNO>
Dilepton production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions


  We review the production of lepton pairs during high energy nuclear
collisions. We highlight the information being carried out of the hot and dense
strongly interacting medium. We describe the phenomenon of scalar-vector mixing
that can take place in a dense medium and suggest possible measurable
signatures of this effect in high energy heavy ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149597 </DOCNO>
Monopole potential and confining strings in the (2+1)-dimensional


  Confining strings are investigated in the (2+1)D Georgi-Glashow model. This
is done in the limit when the electric coupling constant is much larger than
the square root of the mass of the Higgs field, but much smaller than the
vacuum expectation value of this field. The modification of the Debye mass of
the dual photon with respect to the case when it is considered to be negligibly
small compared to the Higgs mass, is found. Analogous modifications of the
potential of monopole densities and string coupling constants are found as
well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168488 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent non-Markovian theory of a quantum state evolution for


  It is shown that the operator sum representation for non-Markovian dynamics
and the Lindblad master equation in Markovian limit can be derived from a
formal solution to quantum Liouville equation for a qubit system in the
presence of decoherence processes self-consistently. Our formulation is the
first principle theory based on projection-operator formalism to obtain an
exact reduced density operator in time-convolutionless form starting from the
quantum Liouville equation for a noisy quantum computer. The advantage of our
approach is that it is general enough to describe a realistic quantum computer
in the presence of decoherence provided details of the Hamiltonians are known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73728 </DOCNO>
A universe in a global monopole


  We investigate brane physics in a universe with an extra dimensional global
monopole and negative bulk cosmological constant. The graviton zero mode is
naturally divergent; we thus invoke a physical cut-off to induce four
dimensional gravity on a brane at the monopole core. Independently, the massive
Kaluza-Klein modes have naturally compactified extra dimensions, inducing a
discrete spectrum. This spectrum remains consistent with four dimensional
gravity on the brane, even for small mass gap. Extra dimensional matter fields
also induce four dimensional matter fields on the brane, with the same
Kaluza-Klein spectrum of excited states. We choose parameters to solve the
hierarchy problem; that is, to induce the observed hierarchy between particle
and Planck scales in the effective four dimensional universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75776 </DOCNO>
Particle spectrum in modified NMSSM


  The restrictions on the lightest Higgs boson mass in the minimal
supersymmetric models are briefly reviewed. The particle spectrum is considered
in the framework of the simplest modification of NMSSM that allows to avoid the
domain wall problem and to get the self--consistent solution in the strong
Yukawa coupling limit. The lightest Higgs boson mass in the investigated model
can reach $125 GeV$ at values of $\tan\beta\ge 1.9$ and does not exceed
$130.5\pm 3.5 GeV$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40743 </DOCNO>
Sterile Neutrino Hot, Warm, and Cold Dark Matter


  We calculate the incoherent resonant and non-resonant scattering production
of sterile neutrinos in the early universe. We find ranges of sterile neutrino
masses, vacuum mixing angles, and initial lepton numbers which allow these
species to constitute viable hot, warm, and cold dark matter (HDM, WDM, CDM)
candidates which meet observational constraints. The constraints considered
here include energy loss in core collapse supernovae, energy density limits at
big bang nucleosynthesis, and those stemming from sterile neutrino decay:
limits from observed cosmic microwave background anisotropies, diffuse
extragalactic background radiation, and Li-6/D overproduction. Our calculations
explicitly include matter effects, both effective mixing angle suppression and
enhancement (MSW resonance), as well as quantum damping. We for the first time
properly include all finite temperature effects, dilution resulting from the
annihilation or disappearance of relativistic degrees of freedom, and the
scattering-rate-enhancing effects of particle-antiparticle pairs (muons,
tauons, quarks) at high temperature in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148714 </DOCNO>
Gravitational potential correction with Gauss-Bonnet interaction


  A treatment of linearized gravity with the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet interaction
terms in $D\geq$ 5 is given in the Randall-Sundrum brane background. This
Letter has outlined some interesting features of the brane world gravity and
Newtonian potential correction with the GB interaction term. We find that the
GB coupling $\alpha$ renormalizes the effective four-dimensional Newton
constant on the brane, and also additionally contributes to the correction term
of the Newtonian potential. Indeed, the GB term does not affect the massless
graviton mode and the Einstein gravity on the brane, and quite interestingly,
such term in $D\geq 5$ appears to give more information about the necessary
boundary condition(s) to be satisfied by the zero mode wavefunction on the
brane(s). small (and preferably positive) GB coupling $\alpha$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148098 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Non-singular Fractional D2-branes and NS-NS 2-branes


  We obtain regular deformed D2-brane solutions with fractional D2-branes
arising as wrapped D4-branes. The space transverse to the D2-brane is a
complete Ricci-flat 7-manifold of G_2 holonomy, which is asymptotically conical
with principal orbits that are topologically CP^3 or the flag manifold
SU(3)/(U(1) x U(1)). We obtain the solution by first constructing an L^2
normalisable harmonic 3-form. We also review a previously-obtained regular
deformed D2-brane whose transverse space is a different 7-manifold of G_2
holonomy, with principal orbits that are topologically S^3 x S^3. This
describes D2-branes with fractional NS-NS 2-branes coming from the wrapping of
5-branes, which is supported by a non-normalisable harmonic 3-form on the
7-manifold. We prove that both types of solutions are supersymmetric,
preserving 1/16 of the maximal supersymmetry and hence that they are dual to
{\cal N}=1 three-dimensional gauge theories. In each case, the spectrum for
minimally-coupled scalars is discrete, indicating confinement in the infrared
region of the dual gauge theories. We examine resolutions of other branes, and
obtain necessary conditions for their regularity. The resolution of many of
these seems to lie beyond supergravity. In the process of studying these
questions, we construct new explicit examples of complete Ricci-flat metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41854 </DOCNO>
The LMA MSW Solution of the Solar Neutrino Problem, Inverted Neutrino


  In the context of three-neutrino oscillations, we study the possibility of
using antineutrinos from nuclear reactors to explore the 10^{-4} {\rm eV^2} <
\ms \ltap 8\times 10^{-4} {\rm eV^2} region of the LMA MSW solution of the
solar neutrino problem and measure $\ms$ with high precision. The KamLAND
experiment is not expected to determine $\ms$ if the latter happens to lie in
the indicated region. By analysing both the total event rate suppression and
the energy spectrum distortion caused by \bar{\nu}_e oscillations in vacuum, we
show that the optimal baseline of such an experiment is L \sim (20 - 25) km.
Furthermore, for 10^{-4} {\rm eV^2} < \ms \ltap 5\times 10^{-4} {\rm eV^2}, the
same experiment might be used to try to distinguish between the two possible
types of neutrino mass spectrum - with normal or with inverted hierarchy, by
exploring the effect of interference between the atmospheric- and solar- \Delta
m^2 driven oscillations; for larger values of \ms not exceeding 8.0\times
10^{-4} eV^2, a shorter baseline, L \cong 10 km, would be needed for the
purpose. The indicated interference effect modifies in a characteristic way the
energy spectrum of detected events. Distinguishing between the two types of
neutrino mass spectrum requires, however, a high precision determination of the
atmospheric \Delta m^2, a sufficiently large \sin^2\theta and a non-maximal
\sin^22\theta_{\odot}, where \theta and \theta_{\odot} are the mixing angles
respectively limited by the CHOOZ and Palo Verde data and characterizing the
solar neutrino oscillations. It also requires a relatively high precision
measurement of the positron spectrum in the reaction \bar{\nu}_e + p \to e^{+}
+ n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1101 </DOCNO>
Selection for Fitness vs. Selection for Robustness in RNA Secondary


  We investigate the competition between two quasispecies residing on two
disparate neutral networks. Under the assumption that the two neutral networks
have different topologies and fitness levels, it is the mutation rate that
determines which quasispecies will eventually be driven to extinction. For
small mutation rates, we find that the quasispecies residing on the neutral
network with the lower replication rate will disappear. For higher mutation
rates, however, the faster replicating sequences may be outcompeted by the
slower replicating ones in case the connection density on the second neutral
network is sufficiently high. Our analytical results are in excellent agreement
with flow-reactor simulations of replicating RNA sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6587 </DOCNO>
Accurate kinetic energy evaluation in electronic structure calculations


  We present a method for calculating the kinetic energy of localised functions
represented on a regular real space grid. This method uses fast Fourier
transforms applied to restricted regions commensurate with the simulation cell
and is applicable to grids of any symmetry. In the limit of large systems it
scales linearly with system size. Comparison with the finite difference
approach shows that our method offers significant improvements in accuracy
without loss of efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75278 </DOCNO>
Consistent Prediction for Direct CP Violation and \Delta I = 1/2 Rule


  The theoretical status of direct CP violation $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ is briefly
reviewed. Special attention is paid to the recent new consistent predictions
for both the ratio $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ and the $\Delta I = 1/2$ rule within
the standard model. In particular, two matching conditions resulting from the
matching between the QCD and chiral perturbation theory(ChPT), and also some
algebraic relations of chiral operators are found to be very useful. It is of
interest that the new predictions are no longer sensitive to the strange quark
mass, and are also renormalization scale and scheme independent in the leading
QCD and chiral loop approximation with large $N_c$ approach. The new prediction
for the direct CP violation with the value $\epsilon'/\epsilon= (20 \pm 4)
\times 10^{-4} [Im\lambda_t /1.2\times 10^{-4}]$ is consistent with the most
recent experimental results reported by the NA48 and KTeV groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126624 </DOCNO>
Photospheric Abundances: Problems, Updates, Implications


  Current problems encountered in the spectroscopic determination of
photospheric abundances are outlined and exemplified in a reevaluation of C, N,
O, Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe, taking effects of NLTE and granulation into account.
Updated abundances of these elements are given in Table 2.
  Specific topics addressed are (1) the correlation between photospheric matter
and CI chondrites, and the condensation temperature below which it breaks down
(Figure 1), (2) the question whether the metallicity of the Sun is typical for
its age and position in the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97299 </DOCNO>
On quantum shuffle and quantum affine algebras


  A construction of the quantum affine algebra $U_q(g)$ is given in two steps.
We explain how to obtain the algebra from its positive Borel subalgebra
$U_q(b^+)$, using a construction similar to Drinfeld's quantum double. Then we
show how the positive Borel subalgebra can be constructed with quantum
shuffles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129117 </DOCNO>
High-resolution studies of massive star-forming regions


  We summarize the status of our program of near-infrared adaptive optics
observations of ultracompact HII regions. By means of selected results we
demonstrate the usefulness of this technique for disentangling the complexity
of massive star-forming regions. The primary scientific aims of our study are
the identification of the ionizing stars, the characterization of the stellar
population, the clarification of the role of dust for the excitation of the HII
region and, last but not least, the search for circumstellar disks surrounding
high-mass stars. We present results obtained by adaptive optics observations
and additional measurements for G45.45+0.06, G5.89-0.39, and G309.92+0.48 to
illustrate our scientific objectives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148806 </DOCNO>
Magics of M-gravity


  Compactifications on tori may seem to have revealed their beauty long ago but
the mystery of 11d Supergravity remains and fresh attempts at a conceptual
breakthrough are worth the effort and quite timely. We shall concentrate here
on the analogy with Instanton Mathematics and discuss some open questions and
work in progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125033 </DOCNO>
SBS 1150+599A: an extremely oxygen-poor planetary nebula in the Galactic


  We report results of a spectrophotometric study of SBS 1150+599A and discuss
the nature of this object based upon our data. Our study shows that SBS
1150+599A is most probably a planetary nebula located in the Galactic halo and
not a cataclysmic variable as originally proposed by the authors of the Second
Byurakan Survey from low resolution spectroscopy. We have further elaborated on
the properties of SBS 1150+599A (now becoming PN G135.9+55.9) with tools used
for planetary nebula analysis. Our photoionization models show that, in order
to match the observational constraints, the oxygen abundance in the nebula is
probably extremely low, around 1/500 solar, which is one order of magnitude
lower than the most oxygen-poor planetary nebulae known so far. This finding
has strong implications on our understanding of the formation of planetary
nebulae and of the evolution of the Galactic halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73556 </DOCNO>
Radiative Corrections to the Higgs Boson Mass for a Hierarchical Stop


  An effective theory approach is used to compute analytically the radiative
corrections to the mass of the light Higgs boson of the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model when there is a hierarchy in the masses of the stops (M_st1 >>
M_st2 >> M_top, with moderate stop mixing). The calculation includes up to
two-loop leading and next-to-leading logarithmic corrections dependent on the
QCD and top-Yukawa couplings, and is further completed by two-loop
non-logarithmic corrections extracted from the effective potential. The results
presented disagree already at two-loop-leading-log level with widely used
findings of previous literature. Our formulas can be used as the starting point
for a full numerical resummation of logarithmic corrections to all loops, which
would be mandatory if the hierarchy between the stop masses is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4103 </DOCNO>
Modeling the Internet's Large-Scale Topology


  Network generators that capture the Internet's large-scale topology are
crucial for the development of efficient routing protocols and modeling
Internet traffic. Our ability to design realistic generators is limited by the
incomplete understanding of the fundamental driving forces that affect the
Internet's evolution. By combining the most extensive data on the time
evolution, topology and physical layout of the Internet, we identify the
universal mechanisms that shape the Internet's router and autonomous system
level topology. We find that the physical layout of nodes form a fractal set,
determined by population density patterns around the globe. The placement of
links is driven by competition between preferential attachment and linear
distance dependence, a marked departure from the currently employed exponential
laws. The universal parameters that we extract significantly restrict the class
of potentially correct Internet models, and indicate that the networks created
by all available topology generators are significantly different from the
Internet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179664 </DOCNO>
From quark-gluon plasma to hadron spectra


  Results on initial transverse energy production based on NLO perturbative QCD
calculation with final state saturation of produced minijets are used to fix
the initial energy density of produced matter. Assuming rapid thermalization,
this provides the initial conditions for a hydrodynamic description of the
expansion of final matter. Given a prescription of the the decoupling of
particles from the thermal system to free particles, final transverse spectra
of hadrons and integrated quantities like multiplicity and transverse energy
can be calculated in the central rapidity region. Results are reported and
compared with measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74501 </DOCNO>
The $B_{s}\to K$ Form Factor in The Whole Kinematically Accessible Range


  A systematic analysis is presented of the $B_{s}\to K$ form factor $f(q^{2})
$ in the whole range of momentum transfer $q^{2}$, which would be useful to
analyzing the future data on $B_{s}\to K$ decays and extracting $| V_{ub}|$.
With a modified QCD light cone sum rule (LCSR) approach, in which the
contributions cancel out from the twist 3 wavefunctions of $K$ meson, we
investigate in detail the behavior of $f(q^{2})$ at small and intermediate
$q^{2}$ and the nonperturbative quantity $f_{B^{\ast}}g_{B^{\ast}B_{s}K}$
$(f_{B^{\ast}}$ is the decay constant of $B^{\ast}$ meson and
$g_{B^{\ast}B_{s}K}$ the $B^{\ast}B_{s}K$ strong coupling), whose numerical
result is used to study $q^{2}$ dependence of $f(q^{2})$ at large $q^{2}$ in
the single pole approximation. Based on these findings, a form factor model
from the best fit is formulated, which applies to the calculation on $f(q^{2})$
in the whole kinematically accessible range. Also, a comparison is made with
the standard LCSR predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74591 </DOCNO>
On Domain-like Structures in the QCD Vacuum


  We suggest that clusters or domains of topological charge and action density
occur in the QCD vacuum as an effect of singularities in gauge fields and can
simultaneously lead to confinement and chiral symmetry breaking. The string
constant, condensates and topological susceptibility are estimated within a
simplified model of hyperspherical domains with interiors of constant field
strength with reasonable values obtained. Propagators of dynamical quarks and
gluons have compact support in configuration space, thus having entire Fourier
transforms, which gives rise to their confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74313 </DOCNO>
MUM: flexible precise algorithm for the muon propagation


  We present a new muon propagation Monte Carlo FORTRAN code MUM (MUons+Medium)
which possesses some advantages over analogous codes presently in use. The most
important features of the algorithm are described. Data on the test for
algorithm accuracy are presented. Contributions of different sources to the
resulting error of simulation are considered. Selected results obtained with
MUM are given and compared with ones from other codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99059 </DOCNO>
Connection between type B (or C) and F factorizations and construction


  In a recent paper (Del Sol Mesa A and Quesne C 2000 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 33
4059), we started a systematic study of the connections among different
factorization types, suggested by Infeld and Hull, and of their consequences
for the construction of algebras. We devised a general procedure for
constructing satellite algebras for all the Hamiltonians admitting a type E
factorization by using the relationship between type A and E factorizations.
Here we complete our analysis by showing that for Hamiltonians admitting a type
F factorization, a similar method, starting from either type B or type C ones,
leads to other types of algebras. We therefore conclude that the existence of
satellite algebras is a characteristic property of type E factorizable
Hamiltonians. Our results are illustrated with the detailed discussion of the
Coulomb problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4623 </DOCNO>
2D bands and electron-phonon interactions in polyacene plastic


  We present a simple tight-binding model for the two-dimensional energy bands
of polyacene field-effect transistors and for the coupling of these bands to
lattice vibrations of their host molecular crystal. We argue that the strongest
electron-phonon interactions in these systems originate from the dependence of
inter-molecule hopping amplitudes on collective molecular motion, and introduce
a generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model that accounts for all vibrations and
is parameter-free once the band mass has been specified. We compute the
electron-phonon spectral function $\alpha^2F(\omega)$ as a function of
two-dimensional hole density, and are able to explain the onset of
superconductivity near 2D carrier density $n_{2D} \sim 10^{14} cm^{-2}$,
discovered in recent experiments by Sch\"on {\it et al.} \onlinecite{Batlogg}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73881 </DOCNO>
$K \to \pi\pi$ Decays in a Finite Volume


  We discuss finite-volume computations of two-body hadronic decays below the
inelastic threshold (e.g. $K\to\pi\pi$ decays). The relation between
finite-volume matrix elements and physical amplitudes, recently derived by
Lellouch and L\"uscher, is extended to all elastic states under the inelastic
threshold. We present a detailed comparison of our approach with that of
Lellouch and L\"uscher and discuss the possible limitations of the method which
could arise due to the presence of inelastic thresholds. We also examine a
standard alternative method which can be used to extract the real part of the
decay amplitude from correlators of the form $< 0 |T[\pi\pi{\cal H}_WK ]| 0 >$.
We show that in this case there are finite-volume corrections which vanish as
inverse powers of the volume, which cannot be removed by a multiplicative
factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98637 </DOCNO>
Free q-Deformed Relativistic Wave Equations by Representation Theory


  In a representation theoretic approach a free q-relativistic wave equation
must be such, that the space of solutions is an irreducible representation of
the q-Poincare algebra. It is shown how this requirement uniquely determines
the q-wave equations. As examples, the q-Dirac equation (including q-gamma
matrices which satisfy a q-Clifford algebra), the q-Weyl equations, and the
q-Maxwell equations are computed explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148341 </DOCNO>
Classical Solutions in String Field Theory Around the Tachyon Vacuum


  In a previous paper [hep-th/0012251] we proposed a simple class of actions
for string field theory around the tachyon vacuum. In this paper we search for
classical solutions describing D-branes of different dimensions using the
ansatz that the solutions factorize into the direct product of a matter state
and a universal ghost state. We find closed form expressions for the matter
state describing D-branes of all dimensions. For the space filling D25-brane
the state is the matter part of the zero angle wedge state, the ``sliver'',
built in [hep-th/0006240]. For the other D-brane solutions the matter states
are constructed using a solution generating technique outlined in
[hep-th/0008252]. The ratios of tensions of various D-branes, requiring
evaluation of determinants of infinite dimensional matrices, are calculated
numerically and are in very good agreement with the known results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76935 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Detection Rates In SUGRA Models


  Direct detection of Milky Way wimps are discussed within the framework of
R-parity conserving SUGRA models with grand unification at M_G. Two questions
are discussed: what SUGRA models can account for the DAMA data if this data is
confirmed, and is the full SUGRA parameter space accessible to future planned
detectors. Experimental constraints of the Higgs mass bound, the b-> s\gamma
bound, relic density constraints (including all co-annihilation channels), etc.
are imposed. In addition, the effect of the possible muon g - 2 anomaly are
examined. For mSUGRA, we find that the Higgs mass and b\to s\gamma constraint
puts a lower bound m_{1/2} > (300 - 400) GeV (i.e. m_{\tilde\chi^0_1} > (120 -
160) GeV) for \tan\beta < 50, and thus the largest theoretical
neutralino-proton cross sections still lie significantly below the DAMA 3\sigma
lower bound. (Predictions for \tan\beta> 50 become sensitive to the precise
value of m_t and m_b.) If in addition one imposes the muon anomaly constraint,
\mu must be positive and an upper bound of m_{1/2}< 850 GeV for \tan\beta < 50
is obtained. More generally, if \mu >0 and m_{1/2} < 1 TeV, the cross sections
are >~ 10^{-10} pb, and hence this parameter space would be mostly accessible
to planned high sensitivity detectors. For non-minimal SUGRA models, the cross
sections can be considerably larger, and a simple SU(5) model with
non-universal soft breaking in the Higgs and third generation is seen to give
cross sections in the DAMA range for \tan\beta >~ 15 with m_{\tilde\chi^0_1} >
80 GeV, and minimum cross sections >~10^{-10} pb for \mu > 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123656 </DOCNO>
A study of possible temporal and latitudinal variations in the


  Temporal variations of the structure and the rotation rate of the solar
tachocline region are studied using helioseismic data from the Global
Oscillation Network Group (GONG) and the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI)
obtained during the period 1995--2000. We do not find any significant temporal
variation in the depth of the convection zone, the position of the tachocline
or the extent of overshoot below the convection zone. No systematic variation
in any other properties of the tachocline, like width, etc., is found either.
Possibility of periodic variations in these properties is also investigated.
Time-averaged results show that the tachocline is prolate with a variation by
about 0.02R_sun in its position. The depth of the convection zone or the extent
of overshoot does not show any significant variation with latitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127791 </DOCNO>
Chemical Properties of Starburst Galaxies Near and Far: Clues to Galaxy


  The determination of chemical abundances in star-forming galaxies and the
study of their evolution on cosmological timescales are powerful tools for
understanding galaxy formation and evolution. This contribution presents the
latest results in this domain. We show that detailed studies of chemical
abundances in UV-selected, HII and starburst nucleus galaxies, together with
the development of new chemical evolution models, put strong constraints on the
evolutionary stage of these objects in terms of star formation history.
Finally, we summarize our current knowledge on the chemical properties of
intermediate- and high-redshift galaxies. Although the samples are still too
small for statistical studies, these results give insight into the nature and
evolution of distant star-forming objects and their link with present-day
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83587 </DOCNO>
Rapid Application Evolution and Integration Through Document


  The Harland document management system implements a data model in which
document (object) structure can be altered by mixin-style multiple inheritance
at any time. This kind of structural fluidity has long been supported by
knowledge-base management systems, but its use has primarily been in support of
reasoning and inference. In this paper, we report our experiences building and
supporting several non-trivial applications on top of this data model. Based on
these experiences, we argue that structural fluidity is convenient for
data-intensive applications other than knowledge-base management. Specifically,
we suggest that this flexible data model is a natural fit for the decoupled
programming methodology that arises naturally when using enterprise component
frameworks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 279 </DOCNO>
Equation of State for Helium-4 from Microphysics


  We compute the free energy of helium-4 near the lambda-transition through an
exact renormalization group equation. Our method permits the determination of
universal and non-universal thermodynamic properties starting from the
microphysics of the 2-particle interactions. It does not suffer from infrared
divergences. The critical chemical potential agrees with experiment. This
supports a specific formulation of the functional integral that we have
proposed recently. Our results for the equation of state reproduce the observed
qualitative behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148293 </DOCNO>
A model for gauge theories with Higgs fields


  We discuss in details a simple, purely bosonic, quantum field theory
belonging to larger class of models with the following properties: a) They are
asymptotically free, with a dynamically generated mass scale. b) They have a
space of parameters which gets quantum corrections drastically modifying the
classical singularity structure. The quantum theory can have massless solitons,
Argyres-Douglas-like CFTs, exhibit confinement, etc... c) The physics can, to a
large extent, be worked out in models with a large number of supersymmetries as
well as in purely bosonic ones. In the former case, exact BPS mass formulas can
be derived, brane constructions and embedding in M theory do exist. d) The
models have an interesting 1/N expansion, and it is possible to define a double
scaling limit in the sense of the ``old'' matrix models when approaching the
singularities in parameter space. These properties make these theories very
good toy models for four dimensional gauge theories with Higgs fields, and
provide a framework where the effects of breaking supersymmetry can be
explicitly studied. In our model, we work out in details the quantum space of
parameters. We obtain the non-local lagrangian description of the
Argyres-Douglas-like CFT, and show that it admits a strongly coupled fixed
point. We also explicitly demonstrate property d). The possibility of defining
such double scaling limits was not anticipated on the gauge theory side, and
could be of interest to understand the gauge theory/string theory
correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98705 </DOCNO>
Amenability and co-amenability of algebraic quantum groups


  We define concepts of amenability and co-amenability for algebraic quantum
groups in the sense of A. Van Daele. We show that co-amenability of an
algebraic quantum group always implies amenability of its dual. Various
necessary and/or sufficient conditions for amenability or co-amenability are
obtained. Co-amenability is shown to have interesting consequences for the
modular theory in the case that the algebraic quantum group is of compact type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148544 </DOCNO>
Batalin-Tyutin Quantisation of the Spinning Particle Model


  The Spinning Particle Model for anyon is analysed in the Batalin-Tyutin
scheme of quantisation in extended phase space. Here additional degrees of
freedom are introduced in the phase space such that all the constraints in the
theory are rendered First Class that is commuting in the sense of Poisson
Brackets. Thus the theory can be studied without introducing the Dirac Brackets
which appear in the presence of non-commuting or Second Class constraints. In
the present case the Dirac Brackets make the configuration space of the anyon
non-canonical and also being dynamical variable dependent, poses problems for
the quantisation programme. We show that previously obtained results, (e.g.
gyromagnetic ratio of anyon being 2), are recovered in the Batalin-Tyutin
variable independent sector in the extended space. The Batalin-Tyutin variable
contributions are significant and are computable in a straightforward manner.
The latter can beunderstood as manifestations of the non-commutative space-time
in the enlarged phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179298 </DOCNO>
New Magicity of Light Nuclei


  A new mass formula capable of explaining the binding energies of almost all
the known isotopes from Li to Bi is prescribed. In addition to identifying the
new magic number at neutron number N=16 (Z=7-9), pseudo-magic numbers at N=14
(Z=7-10), Z=14 (N=13-19), and at N=6 (Z=3-8), the formula accounts for the loss
of magicity for nuclei with N=8 (Z=4) and N=20 (Z=12-17). The redefinition of
the neutron drip line resulting from this formula further allows us to predict
the existence of 26O,31F, 32Ne, 35Na, 38Mg, 41Al as bound nuclei and 28O as
unbound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4915 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of trapped degenerate Fermi gases including effective s-


  The influence of s- and p-wave interactions on trapped degenerate one and
two-component Fermi gases is investigated. The energy functional of a
multicomponent Fermi gas is derived within the Thomas-Fermi approximation
including the s- and p-wave terms of an effective contact interaction. On this
basis the stability of the dilute gas against mean-field induced collapse due
to attractive interactions is investigated and explicit stability conditions in
terms of Fermi momentum and s- and p-wave scattering lengths are derived.
Furthermore the spatial separation in a two-component Fermi gas is discussed,
explicit conditions for the onset of component demixing are given, and the
density distributions in the separated phase are calculated. The findings are
summarized in a zero-temperature phase diagram for the degenerate two-component
Fermi gas. It is shown that the p-wave interaction has significant influence on
the phase diagram of the degenerate Fermi gas and causes new phenomena like
absolute stabilization against collapse and component separation. It may
therefore be useful in the context of the envisioned BCS transition in trapped
atomic Fermi gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6884 </DOCNO>
Geometric Quantum Computation on Solid-State Qubits


  An adiabatic cyclic evolution of control parameters of a quantum system ends
up with a holonomic operation on the system, determined entirely by the
geometry in the parameter space. The operation is given either by a simple
phase factor (a Berry phase) or a non-Abelian unitary operator depending on the
degeneracy of the eigenspace of the Hamiltonian. Geometric quantum computation
is a scheme to use such holonomic operations rather than the conventional
dynamic operations to manipulate quantum states for quantum information
processing. Here we propose a geometric quantum computation scheme which can be
realized with current technology on nanoscale Josephson-junction networks,
known as a promising candidate for solid-state quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2821 </DOCNO>
Improved semiclassical density matrix: taming caustics


  We present a simple method to deal with caustics in the semiclassical
approximation to the thermal density matrix of a particle moving on the line.
For simplicity, only its diagonal elements are considered. The only ingredient
we require is the knowledge of the extrema of the Euclidean action. The
procedure makes use of complex trajectories, and is applied to the quartic
double-well potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168359 </DOCNO>
Solving Random Satisfiability Problems with Quantum Computers


  Quantum computer algorithms can exploit the structure of random
satisfiability problems. This paper extends a previous empirical evaluation of
such an algorithm and gives an approximate asymptotic analysis accounting for
both the average and variation of amplitudes among search states with the same
costs. The analysis predicts good performance, on average, for a variety of
problems including those near a phase transition associated with a high
concentration of hard cases. Based on empirical evaluation for small problems,
modifying the algorithm in light of this analysis improves its performance. The
algorithm improves on both GSAT, a commonly used conventional heuristic, and
quantum algorithms ignoring problem structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6617 </DOCNO>
A magnetization and $^{11}$B NMR study of Mg$_{1-x}$Al$_x$B$_2$


  We demonstrate for the first time the magnetic field distribution of the pure
vortex state in lightly doped Mg$_{1-x}$Al$_x$B$_2$ ($x\leq 0.025$) powder
samples, by using $^{11}$B NMR in magnetic fields of 23.5 and 47 kOe. The
magnetic field distribution at T=5 K is Al-doping dependent, revealing a
considerable decrease of anisotropy in respect to pure MgB$_2$. This result
correlates nicely with magnetization measurements and is consistent with
$\sigma$-band hole driven superconductivity for MgB$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168744 </DOCNO>
Bargmann invariants and off-diagonal geometric phases for multi-level


  We investigate the geometric phases and the Bargmann invariants associated
with a multi-level quantum systems. In particular, we show that a full set of
`gauge-invariant' objects for an $n$-level system consists of $n$ geometric
phases and ${1/2}(n-1)(n-2)$ algebraically independent 4-vertex Bargmann
invariants. In the process of establishing this result we develop a canonical
form for U(n) matrices which is useful in its own right. We show that the
recently discovered `off-diagonal' geometric phases [N. Manini and F.
Pistolesi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 8, 3067 (2000)] can be completely analysed in terms
of the basic building blocks developed in this work. This result liberates the
off-diagonal phases from the assumption of adiabaticity used in arriving at
them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168316 </DOCNO>
Gravitational bouncing of a quantum ball: Room for Airy's function Bi


  I apply (i) a classical version of the Ermakov-Lewis procedure and (ii) the
strictly isospectral supersymmetric approach to the Schroedinger free fall of
the bouncing ball type. In both cases, the Airy function Bi, which in general
is eliminated as being unphysical, plays a well-defined role. Relevant plots
are displayed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5524 </DOCNO>
Spin waves in a Bose-condensed atomic spin chain


  The spin dynamics of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a
one-dimensional optical lattice is studied. The condensates at each lattice
site behave like spin magnets that can interact with each other through both
the light-induced dipole-dipole interaction and the static magnetic
dipole-dipole interaction. We show how these site-to-site dipolar interactions
can distort the ground state spin orientations and lead to the excitation of
spin waves. The dispersion relation of the spin waves is studied and possible
detection schemes are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99166 </DOCNO>
t-analogues des operateurs d'ecrantage associes aux q-caracteres


  Frenkel and Reshetikhin introduced screening operators related to
q-characters of finite dimensional representations of quantum affine algebras.
We propose t-analogs of screening operators related to Nakajima's
q,t-characters with the same properties of symmetry. Nakajima introduced
non-commutative rings, so we propose bimodules. Our construction uses only
combinatorial definition of q,t-characters, and therefore can be extended to
the non-simply laced case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74729 </DOCNO>
Neutrino-neutrino and neutrino-matter helicity flip interactions


  Taking into account that neutrinos are massive particles and that they are
produced mainly as states of negative helicity, we show that the neutral and
charged current interactions change these neutrinos into transversally
polarized states. This implies a considerable reduction of the neutrino flux
when propagating through ordinary matter (electrons, protons and neutrons). The
same happens when neutrinos propagate through the sea of relic neutrinos if
these neutrinos are degenerate fermions. However, in this case the change of
helicity depends on the value of the neutrino--anti-neutrino asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148086 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity and the Aharonov-Bohm Effect


  The possibility of detecting noncommutive space relics is analyzed by using
the Aharonov-Bohm effect. If space is non-commutative, it turns out that the
holonomy receives kinematical corrections that tend to diffuse the fringe
pattern. This fringe pattern has a non-trivial energy dependence and,
therefore, one could observe noncommutative effects by modifying the energy of
the incident electrons beam in the Tonomura experimental arrangement

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86599 </DOCNO>
Properties of r modes in rotating magnetic neutron stars. I. Kinematic


  The instability of r-mode oscillations in rapidly rotating neutron stars has
attracted attention as a potential mechanism for producing high frequency,
almost periodic gravitational waves. The analyses carried so far have shown the
existence of these modes and have considered damping by shear and bulk
viscosity. However, the magnetohydrodynamic coupling of the modes with a
stellar magnetic field and its role in the damping of the instability has not
been fully investigated yet. Following our introductory paper (Rezzolla, Lamb
and Shapiro 2000), we here discuss in more detail the existence of secular
higher-order kinematical effects which will produce toroidal fluid drifts. We
also define the sets of equations that account for the time evolution of the
magnetic fields produced by these secular velocity fields and show that the
magnetic fields produced can reach equipartition in less than a year. The full
numerical calculations as well as the evaluation of the impact of strong
magnetic fields on the onset and evolution of the r-mode instability will be
presented in a companion paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41331 </DOCNO>
Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson at LEP


  The four LEP collaborations, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL, have collected 2465
pb-1 of e+e- collision data at energies between 189 and 209 GeV, of which 542
pb-1 were collected above 206 GeV. Searches for the Standard Model Higgs boson
have been performed by each of the LEP collaborations. Their data have been
combined and examined for their consistency with the Standard Model background
and various Standard Model Higgs boson mass hypotheses. A lower bound of 114.1
GeV has been obtained at the 95% confidence level for the mass of the Higgs
boson. The likelihood analysis shows a preference for a Higgs boson with a mass
of 115.6 GeV. At this mass, the probability for the background to generate the
observed effect is 3.4%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129351 </DOCNO>
The Galactic Centre Source IRS 13E: a Post-LBV Wolf-Rayet Colliding Wind


  IRS 13E is an infrared, mm and X-ray source in the Galactic Centre. We
present the first Chandra X-ray spectrum for IRS 13E and show that it is
consistent with a luminous and highly absorbed X-ray binary system. Since the
X-ray luminosity is too large for a solitary star, our interpretation is that
of an early-type long-period binary with strong colliding winds emission. This
naturally explains the observed X-ray spectrum and count rate as well as its
lack of significant short term variability. Due to the short lifetime of any
nebula 0.2 pc from the putative central super-massive black-hole, we argue that
the primary of IRS 13E has exited the LBV phase in the last few thousand years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123818 </DOCNO>
How dominant is the vacuum?


  It would be hard to find a cosmologist today who does not believe that the
vast bulk of the Universe (ninety-five percent or more) is hidden from our
eyes. We review the evidence for this remarkable consensus, and for the latest
proposal, that the mysterious dark matter consists of as many as {\em four
separate ingredients}: baryons, massive neutrinos, ``exotic'' dark matter
particles, and vacuum energy, also known as the cosmological constant (Lambda).
Of these, only baryons fit within standard theoretical physics; the others, if
their existence is confirmed, will mean rewriting textbooks. New experimental
evidence has recently appeared for and against all four components, so that the
subject is in a state of turmoil and excitement. The past three years in
particular have seen the fourth (vacuum) component come into new prominence,
largely at the expense of the third (exotic dark matter). We conclude our
review by exploring the possibility that the energy density of the vacuum is in
fact so dominant as to leave little room for significant amounts of exotic dark
matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123902 </DOCNO>
Progenitors of GRB originated in the dense star cluster


  The evidences are given for the origin of the GRB progenitors from the ready
stellar remnants in result of the dynamical interaction in the dense star
clusters. In this way the close binaries of compact objects may form and then
merge, often after ejecting from the parent cluster. The GRB may trigger star
formation in the gaseous partiall sphere and occurence of the GRB afterglows
near the star formation regions may be connected with the successive GRB
origins in the same parent cluster. The observed distributions of GRB
afterglows in Z and in distance to the galactic centers are compatible with the
origin of many GRBs in the (present day classical) globular clusters, which
were younger than 2 Gyr at the time of many GRBs events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96449 </DOCNO>
Bell numbers, log-concavity, and log-convexity


  Let $\{b_{k}(n)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ be the Bell numbers of order $k$. It is
proved that the sequence $\{b_{k}(n)/n!\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is log-concave and
the sequence $\{b_{k}(n)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is log-convex, or equivalently, the
following inequalities hold for all $n\geq 0$, $$1\leq {b_{k}(n+2) b_{k}(n)
\over b_{k}(n+1)^{2}} \leq {n+2 \over n+1}.$$ Let $\{\a(n)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ be
a sequence of positive numbers with $\a(0)=1$. We show that if
$\{\a(n)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is log-convex, then $$\a (n) \a (m) \leq \a(n+m),
\quad \forall n, m\geq 0.$$ On the other hand, if $\{\a(n)/n!\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$
is log-concave, then $$\a (n+m) \leq {n+m \choose n} \a (n) \a (m), \quad
\forall n, m\geq 0.$$ In particular, we have the following inequalities for the
Bell numbers $$b_{k}(n) b_{k}(m) \leq b_{k}(n+m) \leq {n+m \choose n} b_{k}(n)
b_{k}(m), \quad \forall n, m\geq 0.$$ Then we apply these results to white
noise distribution theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174668 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent description of nuclear compressional modes


  Isoscalar monopole and dipole compressional modes are computed for a variety
of closed-shell nuclei in a relativistic random-phase approximation to three
different parametrizations of the Walecka model with scalar self-interactions.
Particular emphasis is placed on the role of self-consistency which by itself,
and with little else, guarantees the decoupling of the spurious
isoscalar-dipole strength from the physical response and the conservation of
the vector current. A powerful new relation is introduced to quantify the
violation of the vector current in terms of various ground-state form-factors.
For the isoscalar-dipole mode two distinct regions are clearly identified: (i)
a high-energy component that is sensitive to the size of the nucleus and scales
with the compressibility of the model and (ii) a low-energy component that is
insensitivity to the nuclear compressibility. A fairly good description of both
compressional modes is obtained by using a ``soft'' parametrization having a
compression modulus of K=224 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75918 </DOCNO>
The QCD Phase Diagram, Equation of State, and Heavy Ion Collisions


  After some historic remarks and a brief summary of recent theoretical news
about the QCD phases, we turn to the issue of $freeze-out$ in heavy ion
collisions. We argue that the chemical freeze-out line should actually consists
of two crossing lines of different nature. We also consider some inelatic
reactions which occure $after$ chemical freeze-out, emphasizing the role of
overpopulation of pions. The $hydrodynamics$ (with or without hadronic
afterburner) explaines SPS/RHIC data on radial and elliptic flow in unexpected
details,for different particles, collision energies, and impact parameters.
  Apart of Equation of State (EoS), it has basically no free parameters. The
EoS which describe these data best agrees quite well with the lattice
predictions, with the QGP latent heat $\Delta\epsilon\approx 800 Mev/fm^3$.
Other phenomena at RHIC, such as ``jet quenching'' and huge ellipticity at
large $p_t$, also point toward very rapid entropy production. Its mechanism
remains an outstanding open problem: at the end we discuss recent application
of the instanton/sphaleron mechanism. The gg collisions with $\sqrt{s}=2-3 
GeV$ may result not in mini-jets but rather in production of sphaleron-like
gluomagnetic clusters, which are classically unstable and promptly decay into
several gluons and quarks, in sperical mini-Bangs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127212 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Annihilation between Binary Neutron Stars


  We calculate the neutrino pair annihilation rate into electron pairs between
two neutron stars in a binary system. We present a closed formula for the
energy deposition rate at any point between the stars, where each neutrino of a
pair derives from each star, and compare this result to that where all
neutrinos derive from a single neutron star. An approximate generalization of
this formula is given to include the relativistic effects of gravity. We find
that this inter-star neutrino annihilation is a significant contributor to the
energy deposition between heated neutron star binaries. In particular, for two
neutron stars near their last stable orbit, inter-star neutrino annihilation
energy deposition is almost equal to that of single star energy deposition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3571 </DOCNO>
Metal-Nonmetal Changeover in Pyrochlore Iridates


  We report the low temperature properties of a new series of pyrochlore
iridates R2Ir2O7 (R = rare-earth elements). We found that the compounds with R
= Pr, Sm, Nd, and Eu exhibit metallic conductivity, whereas those with smaller
rare-earth ions are nonmetallic. Such metal-nonmetal changeover is attributable
to the importance of electron correlation among the Ir 5d electrons. Reflecting
the geometrical frustration in the pyrochlore lattice, the rare-earth moments
do not exhibit magnetic ordering to temperatures well below the
antiferromagnetic Weiss temperature. We have not found any sign of
superconductivity down to 0.3 K in these compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148720 </DOCNO>
Renormalization by enforcing a symmetry


  A new renormalization scheme for theories with nontrivial internal symmetry
is proposed. The scheme is regularization independent and respects the symmetry
requirements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85831 </DOCNO>
The Gordon decompositions of the inertial currents of the Dirac electron


  We consider Dirac's free electron theory on the first quantized level. We
decompose its canonical spin current \'a la Gordon and find a conserved
``Gordon spin'' current which turns out to be equivalent to the
Hilgevoord-Wouthuysen spin. We can conclude therefrom that the Gordon-type
decomposition mentioned above corresponds to a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation
which transforms the Dirac wave function from the conventional Dirac-Pauli to
the Newton-Wigner representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127465 </DOCNO>
Weighing black holes with warm absorbers


  We present a new technique for determining an upper limit for the mass of the
black hole in active galactic nuclei showing warm absorption features. The
method relies on the balance of radiative and gravitational forces acting on
outflowing warm absorber clouds. It has been applied to 6 objects: five Seyfert
1 galaxies: IC 4329a, MCG-6-30-15, NGC 3516, NGC 4051 and NGC 5548; and one
radio-quiet quasar: MR 2251-178. We discuss our result in comparison with other
methods. The procedure could also be applied to any other radiatively driven
optically thin outflow in which the spectral band covering the major absorption
is directly observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97165 </DOCNO>
Kazhdan's Theorem on Arithmetic Varieties


  Define an arithmetic variety to be the quotient of a bounded symmetric domain
by an arithmetic group. An arithmetic variety is algebraic, and the theorem in
question states that when one applies an automorphism of the field of complex
numbers to the coefficients of an arithmetic variety the resulting variety is
again arithmetic. This article simplifies Kazhdan's proof. In particular, it
avoids recourse to the classification theorems. It was originally completed on
March 28, 1984, and distributed in handwritten form. July 23, 2001: Fixed about
30 misprints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169283 </DOCNO>
Random low rank mixed states are highly entangled


  We prove that for many ranks r<2m-2, random rank r mixed states in bipartite
mxm systems have relatively high Schmidt numbers, which is based on
algebraic-geometric separability criterion proved in [1]. This also means that
the algebraic-geometric separability criterion can be used to detect all low
rank entangled mixed states outside a measure zero set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123670 </DOCNO>
Limits on the cosmological abundance of supermassive compact objects


  Using Very Long Baseline Interferometry we have searched a sample of 300
compact radio sources for examples of multiple imaging produced by
gravitational lensing; no multiple images were found with separations in the
angular range 1.5--50 milliarcsec. This null result allows us to place a limit
on the cosmological abundance of intergalactic supermassive compact objects in
the mass range $\sim 10^{6}$ to $\sim 10^{8}$M$_{\odot}$; such objects cannot
make up more than $\sim 1%$ of the closure density (95% confidence). A
uniformly distributed population of supermassive black holes forming soon after
the Big Bang do not, therefore, contribute significantly to the dark matter
content of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2250 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic steering and determination of dephasing rates in double dot


  We propose a scheme to prepare arbitrary superpositions of quantum states in
double quantum--dots irradiated by coherent microwave pulses. Solving the
equations of motion for the dot density matrix, we find that dephasing rates
for such superpositions can be quantitatively infered from additional electron
current pulses that appear due to a controllable breakdown of coherent
population trapping in the dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114307 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of energy relaxation rates near metal-coated dielectric


  The electromagnetic modes and their field distributions are evaluated for a
dielectric cylindrical structure embedded in another dielectric, with a thin
metallic film at the cylinder/dielectric interface. These modes provide energy
relaxation channels for excited dipole emitters located inside or outside the
cylinder. Significantly, we find that the emission rate is sensitive to the
magnitude of the electron density of the metallic film coating. For typical
parameter values, we find large enhancements of the emission rate, which can be
in excess of three orders of magnitude, relative to the case in the absence of
the film, arising at specific ranges of electron density. The theory is shown
to conform with known limits, including the high density (perfect conductor)
limit and the large distance (unbounded bulk) limit. The implications of the
predicted enhancement due to the metal coating for the purpose of guiding atoms
within such microstructures are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96560 </DOCNO>
Ideal Classes of the Weyl Algebra and Noncommutative Projective Geometry


  Let R be the set of isomorphism classes of ideals in the Weyl algebra
$A=A_{1}$, and let C be the set of isomorphism classes of triples (V; X, Y),
where V is a finite-dimensional (complex) vector space, and X, Y are
endomorphisms of V such that [X,Y]+I has rank 1. Following a suggestion of L.
Le Bruyn, we define a map $\theta: R \to C$ by appropriately extending an ideal
of A to a sheaf over a quantum projective plane, and then using standard
methods of homological algebra. We prove that $\theta$ is inverse to a
bijection $\omega: C \to R$ constructed in \cite{BW} by a completely different
method. The main step in the proof is to show that $\theta$ is equivariant with
respect to natural actions of the group G=Aut(A) on R and C: for that we have
to study also the extensions of an ideal to certain weighted quantum projective
planes. Along the way, we find an elementary description of \theta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76264 </DOCNO>
On the chromomagnetic expectation value \mu_G^2 and higher power


  The important parameter \mu_G^2 of the heavy quark expansion is analyzed
including perturbative and power corrections. It is found that \mu_G^2(2GeV) is
known with a few percent accuracy. The perturbative corrections are computed
and found small. A nonperturbative relation is suggested which allows to
control the power corrections. We conclude that \mu_G^2(1GeV)=(0.35+0.03-
0.02)GeV^2. The two-loop expression for the effective `ME' radiation coupling
alpha_s^(me)(\omega) is given which improves reliability of the perturbative
evolution of \mu_G^2 towards the low momentum scale. On the nonperturbative
side, we advocate the utility of combining the heavy quark expansion with
expanding around the `BPS'-type approximation for the meson wavefunction, which
implies relations \mu_\pi^2 \approx \mu_G^2 and -\rho_{LS}^3 \approx \rho_D^3
as well as similar ones for the nonlocal correlators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1550 </DOCNO>
Specific heat in the superconducting and normal state (2-300 K, 0-16


  The specific heat C of a sintered polycrystalline sample of MgB2 with a bulk
superconducting transition temperature Tc=36.7 K is measured as a function of
the temperature (2-300 K) and magnetic field (0-16 T), together with magnetic
properties (normal-state susceptibility, superconducting state magnetization,
etc.). The Sommerfeld constant gamma=0.89+-0.05 mJ/K^2/gat (2.7 mJ/K^2/mol) is
determined in the normal state above Hc2. The normal- and superconducting state
entropies are equal at Tc. Several moments of the phonon density of states are
obtained from the lattice specific heat. We report bulk values for: the
thermodynamic critical field, the slope of the upper critical field, the
Ginzburg-Landau parameter, the coherence length, the lower critical field, the
London penetration depth. These results characterize MgB2 as a type-II
superconductor. The nearly quadratic dependence of C(T) versus T at T<<Tc, its
non-linear field dependence, and the discrepancy between the electron-phonon
coupling constant lambda_ep as determined by the renormalization of the
electron density-of-states (lambda_ep=0.6) and by McMillan's equation for
isotropic superconductors (lambda_ep=1.1), are inconsistent with a single
isotropic gap. In addition to high phonon frequencies, anisotropy or two-band
gap structure may explain why the critical temperature of this superconductor
is high in spite of its low condensation energy, which does not exceed 1/16 of
that of YBa2Cu3O7 and 1/4 of that of Nb3Sn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126946 </DOCNO>
Distant FR I radio galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field: implications for


  Deep and high resolution radio observations of the Hubble Deep Field and
flanking fields have shown the presence of two distant edge-darkened FR I radio
galaxies, allowing for the first time an estimate of their high redshift space
density. If it is assumed that the space density of FR I radio galaxies at z>1
is similar to that found in the local universe, then the chance of finding two
FR I radio galaxies at these high radio powers in such a small area of sky is
<1%. This suggests that these objects were significantly more abundant at z>1
than at present, effectively ruling out the possibility that FR I radio sources
undergo no cosmological evolution. We suggest that FR I and FR II radio
galaxies should not be treated as intrinsically distinct classes of objects,
but that the cosmological evolution is simply a function of radio power with FR
I and FR II radio galaxies of similar radio powers undergoing similar
cosmological evolutions. Since low power radio galaxies have mainly FR I
morphologies and high power radio galaxies have mainly FR II morphologies, this
results in a generally stronger cosmological evolution for the FR IIs than the
FR Is. We believe that additional support from the V/Vmax test for evolving and
non-evolving populations of FR IIs and FR Is respectively is irrelevant, since
this test is sensitive over very different redshift ranges for the two classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86254 </DOCNO>
Observables of D=4 Euclidean Supergravity and Dirac Eigenvalues


  Results on the observables of the Euclidean supergravity in terms of the
Dirac eigenvalues are briefly revisited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2917 </DOCNO>
Weak localization and the Mooij rule in disordered metals


  Weak localization leads to the same correction to both the conductivity and
the McMillan's electron-phonon coupling constant $\lambda$ (and
$\lambda_{tr}$). Consequently the temperature dependence of the thermal
electrical resistivity is decreasing as the conductivity is decreasing due to
weak localization, which results in the decrease of the temperature coefficient
of resistivity (TCR) with increasing the residual resistivity. When $\lambda$
and $\lambda_{tr}$ are approaching zero, only residual resistivity part remains
and gives rise to the negative TCR. Accordingly, the Mooij rule is a
manifestation of weak localization correction to the conductivity and the
electron-phonon interaction. This study may provide a new means of probing the
phonon-mechanism in exotic superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168770 </DOCNO>
Subquantum Models: Basic Principles, Effects and Tests


  We present models in which the indeterministic feature of Quantum Mechanics
is represented in the form of definite physical mechanisms. Our way is
completely different from so-called hidden parameter models, namely, we start
from a certain variant of QM - deterministic QM - which has most features
similar to QM, but the evolution in this theory is deterministic. Then we
introduce the subquantum medium composed of so-called space-like objects. The
interaction of a deterministic QM-particle with this medium is represented by
the random force, but it is the random force governed by the probability
amplitude distribution. This is the quantum random force and it is very
different from classical random force. This implies that in our models there
are no Bell`s inequalities and that our models (depending on a certain
parameter tau) can be arbitrarily close to QM. The parameter tau defines a
relaxation time and on time intervals shorter than tau, the evolution violates
Heisenberg`s uncertainty principle and it is almost deterministic - spreading
of the wave packet is much slower than in QM. Such type of short-time effects
form the bases of proposed tests, which can, in principle, define limits of
validity of QM. The proposed experiments are related to the behavior of quantum
objects on short time intervals, where we expect the behavior different from
QM. The main proposed feature is violation of uncertainty relations on short
time intervals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81169 </DOCNO>
Cutoff effects in twisted mass lattice QCD


  We present a first numerical study of lattice QCD with O(a) improved Wilson
quarks and a chirally twisted mass term. Renormalized correlation functions are
derived from the Schroedinger functional and evaluated in an intermediate
space-time volume of size 0.75^3 x 1.5 fm^4. In the quenched approximation
precise results are then obtained with a moderate computational effort,
allowing for a detailed study of the continuum approach. The latter is
discussed in terms of observables which converge to meson masses and decay
constants in the limit of large space-time volume. In the O(a) improved theory
we find residual cutoff effects to be at the level of a few percent for lattice
spacings of about 0.1 fm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150146 </DOCNO>
Gauge-fixing, semiclassical approximation and potentials for graded


  We perform the Batalin-Vilkovisky analysis of gauge-fixing for graded
Chern-Simons theories. Upon constructing an appropriate gauge-fixing fermion,
we implement a Landau-type constraint, finding a simple form of the gauge-fixed
action. This allows us to extract the associated Feynman rules taking into
account the role of ghosts and antighosts. Our gauge-fixing procedure allows
for zero-modes, hence is not limited to the acyclic case. We also discuss the
semiclassical approximation and the effective potential for massless modes,
thereby justifying some of our previous constructions in the Batalin-Vilkovisky
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99145 </DOCNO>
A q-Analogue of the embedding chain $U(6) \supset G \supset SO(3)$


  A q-analogue of the embedding chains of the Arima-Iachello model is proposed.
The generators of the deformed U(6)-subalgebras are written in terms of the
generators of gl_{q}(6), using q-bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76158 </DOCNO>
SUSY, Inflation and the Origin of Matter in the Universe


  We consider the Standard Models of particle physics and hot big bang
cosmology, and review the theoretical and experimental motivations for
extending these models to include supersymmetry and inflation. An obvious
extension would be to unite these two models into a single all-encompassing
theory. We identify a list of theoretical challenges that such a theory must
address, which we illustrate with a simple model - a variant of the
next-to-minimal supersymmetric Standard Model - that addresses these
challenges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169518 </DOCNO>
Entanglement cost of mixed states


  We show that the entanglement cost of all mixed states belonging to a family
of states is 1.5 ebits. This implies that for all those states the entanglement
of formation is additive. We also give another single parameter family of
states for which the entanglement cost ranges between 1.5 and log_2(3) ebits as
a function of the parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86791 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Inflationary Universes with Positive Spatial Curvature


  If the spatial curvature of the universe is positive, then the curvature term
will always dominate at early enough times in a slow-rolling inflationary
epoch. This enhances inflationary effects and hence puts limits on the possible
number of e-foldings that can have occurred, independently of what happened
before inflation began and in particular without regard for what may have
happened in the Planck era. We use a simple multi-stage model to examine this
limit as a function of the present density parameter $\Omega_0$ and the epoch
when inflation ends.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85792 </DOCNO>
Gravitational collapse of null fluid on the brane


  We first obtain the analogue of Vaidya's solution on the brane for studying
the collapse of null fluid onto a flat Minkowski cavity on the brane. Since the
back-reaction of the bulk onto the brane is supposed to strengthen gravity on
the brane, it would favour formation of black hole as against naked
singularity. That is the parameter window in the initial data set giving rise
to naked singularity in the 4D Vaidya case would now get partially covered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125772 </DOCNO>
The metal-rich nature of stars with planets


  With the goal of confirming the metallicity "excess" present in stars with
planetary-mass companions, we present in this paper a high-precision
spectroscopic study of a sample of dwarfs included in the CORALIE extrasolar
planet survey. The targets were chosen according to the basic criteria that 1)
they formed part of a limited volume and 2) they did not present the signature
of a planetary host companion. A few stars with planets were also observed and
analysed; namely, HD 6434, HD 13445, HD 16141, HD 17051, HD 19994, HD 22049, HD
28185, HD 38529, HD 52265, HD 190228, HD 210277 and HD 217107. For some of
these objects there had been no previous spectroscopic studies. The
spectroscopic analysis was done using the same technique as in previous work on
the metallicity of stars with planets, thereby permitting a direct comparison
of the results. The work described in this paper thus represents the first
uniform and unbiased comparison between stars with and without planetary-mass
companions in a volume-limited sample. The results show that 1) stars with
planets are significantly metal-rich, and 2) that the source of the metallicity
is most probably "primordial". The results presented here may impose serious
constraints on planetary system formation and evolution models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124475 </DOCNO>
New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems I: Colors,


  We present an analysis of the globular cluster systems of 28 elliptical
galaxies using archival WFPC2 images in the V and I-bands. The V-I color
distributions of at least 50% of the galaxies appear to be bimodal {\it at the
present level of photometric accuracy}. We argue that this is indicative of
multiple epochs of cluster formation early in the history of these galaxies,
possibly due to mergers. We also present the first evidence of bimodality in
low luminosity galaxies and discuss its implication on formation scenarios. The
mean color of the 28 cluster systems studied by us is V-I = 1.04$\pm$0.04
(0.01) mag corresponding to a mean metallicity of Fe/H = -1.0$\pm$0.19 (0.04).
We find that the turnover magnitudes of the globular cluster luminosity
functions (GCLF) of our sample are in excellent agreement with the distance
measurements using other methods and conclude that the accuracy of the GCLF is
at least as good as the surface brightness fluctuation method. The absolute
magnitude of the turnover luminosity of the GCLF is M$_V^0$ = -7.41 (0.03) in V
and M$_I^0$ = -8.46 (0.03) in I. The mean local specific frequency of our
sample of elliptical galaxies within the WFPC2 field-of-view is 2.4$\pm$1.8
(0.4), considerably higher than the 1.0$\pm$0.6 (0.1) derived for a comparable
sample of S0s in a similar analysis. It shows no obvious correlation with
metallicity, host galaxy mass or membership in a galaxy cluster. The median
size of clusters in all galaxies appears to be remarkably constant at $\sim$2.4
pc. We suggest that in the future it might be possible to use the sizes of
clusters in the inner regions of galaxies as a simple geometrical distance
indicator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127305 </DOCNO>
Microlensing planets in M22: free-floating or bound?


  We use detailed numerical simulations and theoretical estimates to show that,
if confirmed, the unusually brief microlensing events observed by Sahu et al.
(2001) in the field of the globular cluster M22 might be explained as a result
of microlensing by a population of clustered MACHOs, a dark cluster or RAMBO,
not associated with the globular cluster. If real, this dark cluster would be
located between M22 and the Galactic bulge and could include at least $10^6$
substellar members with a typical size of 1-3 pc. Bound planets in wide or/and
eccentric orbits are also able to reproduce the observed microlensing
behaviour, but only if multiplanet systems (including large Kuiper-belt-like
objects) are abundant, although, our calculations argue against the latter
scenario as the ionization rate in M22 is very high. Dynamically ejected or
lone planets are, in principle, incompatible with the observational findings as
they either escape their parent cluster in a relatively short time-scale after
ejection or segregate toward the outskirts of the cluster. We discuss
additional implications of the dark cluster scenario, including the existence
of a population of RAMBOs toward the Galactic bulge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81484 </DOCNO>
Excited nucleon spectrum using a non-perturbatively improved clover


  We discuss the extraction of negative-parity baryon masses from lattice QCD
calculations. The mass of the lowest-lying negative-parity $J = 1/2^{-}$ state
is computed in quenched lattice QCD using an ${\cal O}(a)$-improved clover
fermion action, and a splitting found with the nucleon mass. The calculation is
performed on two lattice volumes, and three lattice spacings enabling a study
of both finite-volume and finite-lattice-spacing uncertainties. A measurement
of the first excited radial excitation of the nucleon finds a mass considerably
larger than that of the negative-parity ground state, in accord with other
lattice determinations but in disagreement with experiment. Results are also
presented for the lightest negative-parity $I=3/2$ state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113660 </DOCNO>
Large deformation of spherical vesicle studied by perturbation theory


  With tangent angle perturbation approach the axial symmetry deformation of a
spherical vesicle in large under the pressure changes is studied by the
elasticity theory of Helfrich spontaneous curvature model.Three main results in
axial symmetry shape: biconcave shape, peanut shape, and one type of myelin are
obtained. These axial symmetry morphology deformations are in agreement with
those observed in lipsome experiments by dark-field light microscopy [Hotani,
J. Mol. Biol. 178, (1984) 113] and in the red blood cell with two thin
filaments (myelin) observed in living state (see, Bessis, Living Blood Cells
and Their Ultrastructure, Springer-Verlag, 1973). Furthermore, the biconcave
shape and peanut shape can be simulated with the help of a powerful software,
Surface Evolver [Brakke, Exp. Math. 1, 141 (1992) 141], in which the
spontaneous curvature can be easy taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128722 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation History of the Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy UGCA 290


  We present the star formation history of UGCA 290, a galaxy with properties
intermediate between Blue Compact Dwarfs and Dwarf Irregulars. This galaxy is
particularly interesting because its young stellar population is extremely
similar to that of the well-studied type iE Blue Compact Dwarf VII Zw 403,
despite its different spatial morphology and old stellar content. Our Hubble
Space Telescope/Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 single-star photometry for UGCA
290 extends over nine magnitudes in I, and allows a detailed study of its star
formation history. Using synthetic color-magnitude diagrams, we show that the
recent "burst" which gives this galaxy its BCD status is a moderate enhancement
in star formation which lasted for approximately 20 Myr, at a rate about ten
times above its previous rate. The star formation history for most of the
previous billion years is consistent with a constant rate, although
enhancements as large as the current one are possible at times ealier than 400
Myr ago. We estimate that the total mass converted into stars in UGCA 290 more
than one billion years ago is about three times the astrated mass since that
time. The initial mass function is consistent with a Salpeter slope, and the
stellar metallicity is bracketed by Z_sun/50 and Z_sun/5, with evidence for
metallicity evolution. Similar results for the star formation history over the
past 600 Myr apply to VII Zw 403. Our main result is that despite the
traditional picture of BCDs, the current bursts in these two galaxies are
neither remarkably intense nor short-lived, and that most of their star
formation occured more than a billion years ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129480 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The amplitudes of fluctuations in the


  We compare the amplitudes of fluctuations probed by the 2dF Galaxy Redshift
Survey and by the latest measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background
anisotropies. By combining the 2dFGRS and CMB data we find the linear-theory
rms mass fluctuations in 8 Mpc/h spheres to be sigma_8m = 0.73 +- 0.05 (after
marginalization over the matter density parameter Omega_m and three other free
parameters). This normalization is lower than the COBE normalization and
previous estimates from cluster abundance, but it is in agreement with some
revised cluster abundance determinations. We also estimate the
scale-independent bias parameter of present-epoch L_s = 1.9L_* APM-selected
galaxies to be b(L_s,z=0) = 1.00 +- 0.09 on comoving scales of 0.02 < k < 0.15
h/Mpc. If luminosity segregation operates on these scales, L_* galaxies would
be anti-biased by about 10 per cent. These results are derived by assuming a
flat Lambda-CDM Universe, and by marginalizing over other free parameters and
fixing the spectral index n=1 and the optical depth due to reionisation tau =0.
We also study the best fit pair (Omega_m,b), and the robustness of the results
to varying n and tau. Various modelling corrections can each change the
resulting b by 5--15 per cent. The results are compared with other independent
measurements from the 2dFGRS itself, and from the SDSS, cluster abundance and
cosmic shear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86793 </DOCNO>
Strong curvature singularities in quasispherical asymptotically de


  We study the occurrence, visibility, and curvature strength of singularities
in dust-containing Szekeres spacetimes (which possess no Killing vectors) with
a positive cosmological constant. We find that such singularities can be
locally naked, Tipler strong, and develop from a non-zero-measure set of
regular initial data. When examined along timelike geodesics, the singularity's
curvature strength is found to be independent of the initial data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76401 </DOCNO>
CompHEP Package with Light Gravitino and Sgoldstinos


  We present a complete description of a new physical model with goldstino
supermultiplet for CompHEP software package. The model contains MSSM content
supplemented by three new fields: {\it goldstino} -- two component spinor,
scalar {\it sgoldstino} and pseudoscalar {\it sgoldstino}. To the leading order
in 1/F, where F is the parameter of supersymmetry breaking, and to zero order
in MSSM gauge and Yukawa coupling constants, the interactions between the
component fields of goldstino supermultiplet and MSSM fields are derived. They
correspond to the most attractive for collider studies processes where only one
of these {\it new} particles appears in a final state. In this case light
gravitino behaves exactly as goldstino. For sgoldstinos, as they are R-even, we
include in the package only sgoldstino couplings to goldstino and sgoldstino
couplings to SM fields as the most interesting phenomenologically. All new
coupling constants between the components of goldstino supermultiplet and MSSM
fields are completely determined by the ratios of soft supersymmetry breaking
parameters and F. Thus, in addition to the MSSM coupling constants there are
three new parameters in the package: the scale of supersymmetry breaking,
$\sqrt{F}$, and masses of scalar and pseudoscalar sgoldstinos. The CompHEP
notations for the new fields and parameters are presented. The package was
successfully tested and all relevant results known in literature have been
reproduced with good accuracy. It may be used in order to calculate any
tree-level process with one gravitino or sgoldstino on mass shell. Universality
of the Lagrangian allows to apply the package in study of phenomenology of any
supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3773 </DOCNO>
Jordan-Wigner fermionization for the one-dimensional Bariev model of


  The Jordan-Wigner fermionization for the one-dimensional Bariev model of
three coupled XY chains is formulated. The Lax operator in terms of fermion
operators and the quantum R-matrix are presented explicitly. Furthermore, the
graded reflection equations and their solutions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83738 </DOCNO>
The Role of Conceptual Relations in Word Sense Disambiguation


  We explore many ways of using conceptual distance measures in Word Sense
Disambiguation, starting with the Agirre-Rigau conceptual density measure. We
use a generalized form of this measure, introducing many (parameterized)
refinements and performing an exhaustive evaluation of all meaningful
combinations. We finally obtain a 42% improvement over the original algorithm,
and show that measures of conceptual distance are not worse indicators for
sense disambiguation than measures based on word-coocurrence (exemplified by
the Lesk algorithm). Our results, however, reinforce the idea that only a
combination of different sources of knowledge might eventually lead to accurate
word sense disambiguation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86810 </DOCNO>
Black Holes with Less Entropy Than A/4


  One can increase one-quarter the area of a black hole, A/4, to exceed the
total thermodynamic entropy, S, by surrounding the hole with a perfectly
reflecting shell and adiabatically squeezing it inward. A/4 can be made to
exceed S by a factor of order unity before the shell enters the Planck regime,
though practical limitations are much more restrictive. One interpretation is
that the black hole entropy resides in its thermal atmosphere, and the shell
restricts the atmosphere so that its entropy is less than A/4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98983 </DOCNO>
Hard Lefschetz Theorem for Nonrational Polytopes


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an error in the main
proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76733 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis: The Lepton Leaking Mechanism


  We propose a baryo- and leptogenesis mechanism in which the B-L asymmetry is
produced in the conversion of ordinary leptons into particles of some depleted
hidden sector. In particular, we consider the lepton number violating
reactions, l Higgs -> l' Higgs', \bar{l'} \bar{Higgs'}, mediated by the heavy
Majorana neutrinos N of the seesaw mechanism, where l and Higgs are ordinary
lepton and Higgs doublets and l', Higgs' the ``sterile'' leptons and Higgs.
This mechanism can operate even if the reheat temperature is smaller than the N
Majorana masses, in which case the usual leptogenesis mechanism through N
decays is ineffective. In particular, the reheat tempearture can be as low as
10^9 GeV or less.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126375 </DOCNO>
Implications of O and Mg abundances in metal-poor halo stars for stellar


  Inhomogeneous chemical evolution models of galaxies which try to reproduce
the scatter seen in element-to-iron ratios of metal-poor halo stars are heavily
dependent on theoretical nucleosynthesis yields of core-collapse supernovae.
Hence inhomogeneous models present themselves as a test for stellar nucleosyn-
thesis calculations. Applying an inhomogeneous chemical evolution model to our
Galaxy reveals a number of shortcomings of existing theoretical nucleosynthesis
yields. One problem is the predicted scatter in [O/Fe] and [Mg/Fe] which is too
large compared to the one observed in metal-poor halo stars. This can be either
due to the O or Mg yields or due to the Fe yields (or both). However, O and Mg
are alpha-elements that are produced mainly during hydrostatic burning and thus
are not affected by the theoretical uncertainties afflicting the collapse and
explosion of a massive star. Stellar iron yields, on the other hand, depend
heavily on the choice of the mass-cut between ejecta and proto neutron star and
are therefore very uncertain. We present Fe yield distributions as function of
progenitor mass that are consistent with the abundance distribution of metal-
poor halo stars and are in agreement with observed Ni yields of SNe II with
known progenitor masses. The iron yields of lower-mass SNe II (in the range
10-20 Msol) are well constrained by those observations. Present observations,
however, do not allow to determine a unique solution for higher-mass SNe.
Nevertheless, the main dependence of the stellar iron yield as function of
progenitor mass may be derived and can be used as constraint for future
supernova/hypernova models. The results are of importance for the earliest
stages of galaxy formation when the ISM is dominated by chemical
inhomogeneities and the instantaneous mixing approximation is not valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74482 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of Azimuthal and Transverse Spin Asymmetries


  We use Lorentz invariance and the QCD equations of motion to study the
evolution of functions that appear at leading (zeroth) order in a 1/Q expansion
in azimuthal asymmetries. This includes the evolution equation of the Collins
fragmentation function. The moments of these functions are matrix elements of
known twist two and twist three operators. We present the evolution in the
large N_c limit, restricted to the non-singlet case for the chiral-even
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3973 </DOCNO>
Theory of shot noise in space-charge limited diffusive conduction regime


  As is well known, the fluctuations from a stable stationary nonequilibrium
state are described by a linearized nonhomogeneous Boltzmann-Langevin equation.
The stationary state itself may be described by a nonlinear Boltzmann equation.
The ways of its linearization sometimes seem to be not unique. We argue that
there is actually a unique way to obtain a linear equation for the
fluctuations. In the present paper we treat as an example an analytical theory
of nonequilibrium shot noise in a diffusive conductor under the space charge
limited regime. Our approach is compared with that of Schomerus, Mishchenko and
Beenakker [Phys. Rev. B 60, 5839 (1999)]. We find some difference between the
present theory and the approach of their paper and discuss a possible origin of
the difference. We believe that it is related to the fundamentals of the theory
of fluctuation phenomena in a nonequilibrium electron gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 835 </DOCNO>
Frequency dependent transport in the integer quantum Hall effect


  The frequency dependent transport is investigated for a two-dimensional
disordered system under QHE conditions. The real and imaginary parts of the
conductivity are calculated numerically in linear response using a recursive
Green function technique. The energy dependence of $\sigma_{xx}(E,\omega)$ is
obtained within the lowest Landau band. When the width of the system exceeds
the characteristic length, $L_{\omega}=(\hbar\omega \rho(E))^{-1/2}$, the
maximum of the real part of $\sigma_{xx}(E,\omega)$ decays with frequency
almost linearly which is different from the classical Drude behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 471 </DOCNO>
Loss of interference in an Aharonov-Bohm ring


  We study a simple model of dephasing of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in the
transmission of an electron across a mesoscopic ring. A magnetic impurity in
one of the arms of the ring couples to the electron spin via an exchange
interaction. This interaction leads to spin flip scattering and induces
dephasing via entanglement. This is akin to the models evoked earlier to
explain destruction of interference due to which-path information in
double-slit experiments. Total transmission is found to be symmetric under flux
reversal but not the spin polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126470 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic energy cut-off in diffusive shock acceleration: possible


  The linear theory of shock acceleration predicts the maximum particle energy
to be limited only by the acceleration time and the size of the shock. We study
the combined effect of acceleration nonlinearity (shock modification by
accelerated particles, that must be present in strong astrophysical shocks) and
propagation of Alfven waves that are responsible for particle confinement to
the shock front. We show that wave refraction to larger wave numbers in the
nonlinearly modified flow causes enhanced losses of particles in the momentum
range p_max/R < p < p_max, where R>1 is the nonlinear pre-compression of the
flow and p_max is a conventional maximum momentum, that could be reached if
there was no refraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83665 </DOCNO>
The OLAC Metadata Set and Controlled Vocabularies


  As language data and associated technologies proliferate and as the language
resources community rapidly expands, it has become difficult to locate and
reuse existing resources. Are there any lexical resources for such-and-such a
language? What tool can work with transcripts in this particular format? What
is a good format to use for linguistic data of this type? Questions like these
dominate many mailing lists, since web search engines are an unreliable way to
find language resources. This paper describes a new digital infrastructure for
language resource discovery, based on the Open Archives Initiative, and called
OLAC -- the Open Language Archives Community. The OLAC Metadata Set and the
associated controlled vocabularies facilitate consistent description and
focussed searching. We report progress on the metadata set and controlled
vocabularies, describing current issues and soliciting input from the language
resources community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81090 </DOCNO>
The masses of the mesons and baryons. Part V. The neutrino branch


  We have determined theoretically the rest mass of the muon neutrino at 50
milli-eV and the rest mass of the electron neutrino at 5 meV, as well as, to 1%
accuracy, the ratio of the masses of the stable elementary particles which
decay by weak decays. We assume that the particles of the neutrino branch
consist of a cubic, isotropic nuclear lattice, held together by the weak
nuclear force. The eigenfrequencies of the lattice are calculated with Born's
theory of cubic lattices. Only neutrinos are required to explain the so-called
stable particles of the neutrino branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129504 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the cosmological abundance of primordial black holes from


  We constrain the mass abundance of unclustered primordial black holes (PBHs),
formed with a simple mass distribution and subject to the Hawking evaporation
and particle absorption from the environment. Since the radiative flux is
proportional to the numerical density, an upper bound is obtained by comparing
the calculated and observed diffuse background values, (similarly to the Olbers
paradox in which point sources are considered) for finite bandwidths. For a
significative range of formation redshifts the bounds are better than several
values obtained by other arguments $\Omega_{pbh} \leq 10^{-10}$; and they apply
to PBHs which are evaporating today.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96862 </DOCNO>
A long exact sequence for symplectic Floer cohomology


  The long exact sequence describes how the Floer cohomology of two Lagrangian
submanifolds changes if one of them is modified by applying a Dehn twist. We
give a proof in the simplest case (no bubbling). The paper contains a certain
amount of material that may be of interest independently of the exact sequence:
in particular, chapter 1 covers "symplectic Picard-Lefschetz theory" in some
detail, and chapter 2 contains a generalization of the usual TQFT setup for
Floer cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41249 </DOCNO>
On the Normalization of the Neutrino-Deuteron Cross Section


  As is well-known, comparison of the solar neutrino fluxes measured in
SuperKamiokande (SK) by $\nu + e^- \to \nu + e^-$ and in the Sudbury Neutrino
Observatory (SNO) by $\nu_e + d \to e^- + p + p$ can provide a ``smoking gun''
signature for neutrino oscillations as the solution to the solar neutrino
puzzle. This occurs because SK has some sensitivity to all active neutrino
flavors whereas SNO can isolate electron neutrinos. This comparison depends
crucially on the normalization and uncertainty of the theoretical
charged-current neutrino-deuteron cross section. We address a number of effects
which are significant enough to change the interpretation of the SK--SNO
comparison.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167943 </DOCNO>
On the measure of entanglement


  In this paper we present the novel qualities of entanglement of formation for
general (so also infinite dimensional) quantum systems.
 A major benefit of our presentation is a rigorous description of entanglement
of formation. In particular, we indicate how this description may be used to
examine optimal decompositions. Illustrative examples showing the method of
estimation of entanglement of formation are givem\n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97626 </DOCNO>
Group foliation and non-invariant solutions of the heavenly equation


  The main physical result of this paper are exact analytical solutions of the
heavenly equation, of importance in the general theory of relativity. These
solutions are not invariant under any subgroup of the symmetry group of the
equation. The main mathematical result is a new method of obtaining
noninvariant solutions of partial differential equations with infinite
dimensional symmetry groups. The method involves the compatibility of the given
equations with a differential constraint, which is automorphic under a specific
symmetry subgroup, the latter acting transitively on the submanifold of the
common solutions. By studying the integrability of the resulting conditions,
one can provide an explicit foliation of the entire solution manifold of the
considered equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73146 </DOCNO>
On a possible manifestation of f_1 trajectory in J/psi photoproduction


  We analyze a possible manifestation of f_1-trajectory in elastic J/psi
photoproduction at high energy and large momentum transfer. Inspite of the
small contribution of f_1-trajectory in total cross sections, it becomes
significant in various spin observables. In particular, we show that the
crucial test for f_1-exchange can be made by measuring the single beam- and
double parity- and beam-target asymmetries at large momentum transfers, where a
strong deviation from the exchange of conventional Pomerons is expected. This
effect is caused by the interference of natural (Pomeron) and unnatural (f_1)
parity exchange parts of amplitude in the region where their contributions
become comparable to each other and might be interesting to observe in
forthcoming experiments, if feasible. .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1574 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics in a Coulomb glass


  We have conducted temperature and frequency dependent transport measurements
in amorphous Nb$_x$Si$_{1-x}$ samples in the insulating regime. We find a
temperature dependent dc conductivity fully consistent with variable range
hopping in a Coulomb glass. The frequency dependent response in the
millimeter-wave frequency range can be described by the expression
$\sigma(\omega) \propto (-\imath \omega)^\alpha$ with the exponent somewhat
smaller than one. We discuss these results in relation to theories for the
hopping transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76588 </DOCNO>
Unitarity Corrections to the Drell-Yan Process in the Target Rest Frame


  The unitarity corrections effects encoded in the Glauber-Mueller approach are
taken into account to calculate the differential cross sections in the
Drell-Yan process in the rest frame. A detailed study of the Drell-Yan process
in terms of the $\gamma^{*}q$ transverse separation and the color dipole size,
as well as the effective dipole cross section is performed and compared with
the available small $x$ data. Estimates for the Drell-Yan cross section at RHIC
energies are presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86245 </DOCNO>
Perturbed Spherically Symmetric Dust Solution of the Field Equations in


  Using the framework for solving the spherically symmetric field equations in
observational coordinates given in Araujo and Stoeger (1999), their formulation
and solution in the perturbed FLRW sperically symmetric case with observational
data representing galaxy redshifts, number counts and observer area distances,
both as functions of redshift on our past light cone, are presented. The
importance of the central conditions, those which must hold on our world line
C, is emphasized. In detailing the solution for these perturbations, we discuss
the gauge problem and its resolution in this context, as well as how errors and
gaps in the data are propagated together with the genuine perturbations. This
will provide guidance for solving, and interpreting the solutions of the more
complicated general perturbation problem with observational data on our past
light cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73882 </DOCNO>
Diquark Condensation at Nonzero Chemical Potential and Temperature


  SU(2) lattice gauge theory with four flavors of quarks is studied at nonzero
chemical potential $\mu$ and temperature $T$ by computer simulation and
Effective Lagrangian techniques. Simulations are done on $8^4$, $8^3 \times 4$
and $12^3 \times 6$ lattices and the diquark condensate, chiral order
parameter, Wilson line, fermion energy and number densities are measured.
Simulations at a fixed, nonzero quark mass provide evidence for a tricritical
point in the $\mu$-$T$ plane associated with diquark condensation. For low $T$,
increasing $\mu$ takes the system through a line of second order phase
transitions to a diquark condensed phase. Increasing $T$ at high $\mu$, the
system passes through a line of first order transitions from the diquark phase
to the quark-gluon plasma phase. Using Effective Lagrangians we estimate the
position of the tricritical point and ascribe its existence to trilinear
couplings that increase with $\mu$ and $T$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96216 </DOCNO>
Monomial ideals and the Gorenstein liaison class of a complete


  It is well known that for a subscheme $V$ in ${\mathbb P}^{n}$ of codimension
two, the conditions (1) $V$ is ACM, and (2) $V$ is "licci" (i.e. $V$ is in the
liaison class of a complete intersection) are equivalent. In higher
codimension, (2) implies (1) but the converse is false. For Gorenstein liaison
the analog of (2) is: $(2')$ $V$ is "glicci" (i.e. $V$ is in the Gorenstein
liaison class of a complete intersection). It remains true that $(2')$ implies
(1) but now the converse is an important open question.
  Previously the authors described a mechanism for lifting monomial ideals to
reduced unions of linear varieties. We show here that if the monomial ideal is
Artinian then the corresponding union is glicci. As a consequence, any Hilbert
function that occurs among ACM schemes in fact occurs among glicci schemes.
This is not true if we restrict to complete intersection links. We also show
that any Cohen-Macaulay Borel-fixed monomial ideal is glicci. As a consequence,
all ACM subschemes of projective space are glicci up to flat deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41723 </DOCNO>
Belle B Physics Results


  B physics results from the Belle experiment are reviewed. Precise
measurements of Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements are made. Several
decay modes are observed which will enable us to measure the CP angles, phi_i
in channels other than B0->psi K0 modes. New rare decay modes are observed in
many channels. Particular attention is paid to the first observation of the
electroweak penguin-mediated decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169305 </DOCNO>
Multi-party Quantum Computation


  We investigate definitions of and protocols for multi-party quantum computing
in the scenario where the secret data are quantum systems. We work in the
quantum information-theoretic model, where no assumptions are made on the
computational power of the adversary. For the slightly weaker task of
verifiable quantum secret sharing, we give a protocol which tolerates any t <
n/4 cheating parties (out of n). This is shown to be optimal. We use this new
tool to establish that any multi-party quantum computation can be securely
performed as long as the number of dishonest players is less than n/6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76704 </DOCNO>
What is the Correct pi^- p -> omega n Cross Section at Threshold?


  The pi^- p -> omega n threshold cross section measured in the seventies
resisted up to now a consistent theoretical description in line with
experiment, mainly caused by too large Born contributions. This led to a
discussion in the literature about the correctness of the extraction of these
data points. We show that the extraction method used in these references is
indeed correct and that there is no reason to doubt the correctness of these
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73140 </DOCNO>
Lattice calculation of medium effects at short and long distances


  We investigate medium effects in QCD like chromoelectric screening and
quasi-particle mass generation by calculating the heavy quark potential as well
as the temporal quark and gluon Coulomb gauge propagators in quenched
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128482 </DOCNO>
Map-making methods for Cosmic Microwave Background experiments


  The map-making step of Cosmic Microwave Background data analysis involves
linear inversion problems which cannot be performed by a brute force approach
for the large timelines of today. We present in this article optimal
vector-only map-making methods, which are an iterative COBE method, a Wiener
direct filter and a Wiener iterative method. We apply these methods on diverse
simulated data, and we show that they produce very well restored maps, by
removing nearly completely the correlated noise which appears as intense
stripes on the simply pixel-averaged maps. The COBE iterative method can be
applied to any signals, assuming the stationarity of the noise in the timeline.
The Wiener methods assume both the stationarity of the noise and the sky, which
is the case for CMB-only data. We apply the methods to Galactic signals too,
and test them on balloon-borne experiment strategies and on a satellite whole
sky survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76932 </DOCNO>
Semi-numerical resummation of event shapes


  For many event-shape observables, the most difficult part of a resummation in
the Born limit is the analytical treatment of the observable's dependence on
multiple emissions, which is required at single logarithmic accuracy. We
present a general numerical method, suitable for a large class of event shapes,
which allows the resummation specifically of these single logarithms. It is
applied to the case of the thrust major and the oblateness, which have so far
defied analytical resummation and to the two-jet rate in the Durham algorithm,
for which only a subset of the single logs had up to now been calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73779 </DOCNO>
Astroparticle physics signals beyond the Standard Model


  In this thesis two signals pointing beyond the Standard Model are discussed.
The first signal is the presence of baryonic matter around us. The possibility
of baryogenesis in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) was
studied. The bosonic part of the MSSM Lagrangian was put on the lattice. Finite
temperature and zero temperature simulations were performed to find the jump of
the Higgs length and the mass spectrum. The phase diagram of MSSM in the m_U^2
- T plane was determined. The properties of the bubble wall during the phase
transition were also analyzed. The second signal that is discussed in this
thesis comes from the observed cosmic rays. According to the so-called
''top-down'' scenarios, the highest energy cosmic rays can be the decay
products of some metastable superheavy particle. Based on the clustering
features of the detected events, first the source density was determined. Then
the mass of the decaying superheavy particle was found which is in rough
agreement with the grand unification scale. The lattice simulations of MSSM
require a large amount of CPU time. A PC based supercomputer was built at the
E\"otv\"os University to solve this problem. The hardware and software
architecture as well as the performance of the machine is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126365 </DOCNO>
Five Years of Magellanic Clouds Research: A Newsletter Editors'


  We analyze the topical and demographic evolution of Magellanic Clouds
research over the past five years based on submissions of abstracts of refereed
papers to the electronic Magellanic Clouds Newsletter
(http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/projects/mcnews/MCNews.html).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125830 </DOCNO>
Modified Newtonian dynamics and its implications


  Milgrom has proposed that the appearance of discrepancies between the
Newtonian dynamical mass and the directly observable mass in astronomical
systems could be due to a breakdown of Newtonian dynamics in the limit of low
accelerations rather than the presence of unseen matter. Milgrom's hypothesis,
modified Newtonian dynamics or MOND, has been remarkably successful in
explaining systematic properties of spiral and elliptical galaxies and
predicting in detail the observed rotation curves of spiral galaxies with only
one additional parameter-- a critical acceleration which is on the order of the
cosmologically interesting value of $cH_o$. Here I review the empirical
successes of this idea and discuss its possible extention to cosmology and
structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4575 </DOCNO>
The Bak-Sneppen Model on Scale-Free Networks


  We investigate by numerical simulations and analytical calculations the
Bak-Sneppen model for biological evolution in scale-free networks. By using
large scale numerical simulations, we study the avalanche size distribution and
the activity time behavior at nodes with different connectivities. We argue the
absence of a critical barrier and its associated critical behavior for infinite
size systems. These findings are supported by a single site mean-field analytic
treatment of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127254 </DOCNO>
The proximity effect in a close group of QSOs


  We present an analysis of the proximity effect in a sample of ten 2 A
resolution QSO spectra of the Ly alpha forest at <z> = 2.9. Rather than
investigating variations in the number density of individual absorption lines
we employ a novel technique that is based on the statistics of the transmitted
flux itself. We confirm the existence of the proximity effect at the > 99 per
cent confidence level. We derive a value for the mean intensity of the
extragalactic background radiation at the Lyman limit of J = 3.5^{+3.5}_{-1.3}
x 10^{-22} ergs/s/cm^2/Hz/sr. This value assumes that QSO redshifts measured
from high ionization lines differ from the true systemic redshifts by ~800
km/s. We find evidence at a level of 2.6 sigma that the significance of the
proximity effect is correlated with QSO Lyman limit luminosity. Allowing for
known QSO variability the significance of the correlation reduces to 2.1 sigma.
The QSOs form a close group on the sky and the sample is thus well suited for
an investigation of the foreground proximity effect, where the Ly alpha forest
of a background QSO is influenced by the UV radiation from a nearby foreground
QSO. From the complete sample we find no evidence for the existence of this
effect, implying either that J > 20 x 10^{-22} ergs/s/cm^2/Hz/sr or that QSOs
emit at least a factor of 1.4 less ionizing radiation in the plane of the sky
than along the line of sight to Earth. We do however find one counter-example.
Our sample includes the fortunate constellation of a foreground QSO surrounded
by four nearby background QSOs. These four spectra all show underdense
absorption within +/-3000 km/s of the redshift of the foreground QSO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168025 </DOCNO>
Law of Malus and Photon-Photon Correlations: A Quasi-Deterministic


  For polarization experiments involving photon counting we introduce a
quasi-deterministic eigenstate transition model of the analyzer process.
Distributions accumulated one photon at a time, provide a deterministic
explanation for the law of Malus. We combine this analyzer model with causal
polarization coupling to calculate photon-photon correlations, one photon pair
at a time. The calculated correlations exceed the Bell limits and show
excellent agreement with the measured correlations of [ A. Aspect, P. Grangier
and G. Rogers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 91 (1982)]. We discuss why this model
exceeds the Bell type limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2002 </DOCNO>
Opening the Crystalline Color Superconductivity Window


  Cold dense quark matter is in a crystalline color superconducting phase
wherever pairing occurs between species of quarks with chemical potentials
whose difference \delta\mu lies within an appropriate window. If the
interaction between quarks is modeled as point-like, this window is rather
narrow. We show that when the interaction between quarks is modeled as
single-gluon exchange, the window widens by about a factor of ten at accessible
densities and by much larger factors at higher density. This striking
enhancement reflects the increasingly (1+1)-dimensional nature of the physics
at weaker and weaker coupling. Our results indicate that crystalline color
superconductivity is a generic feature of the phase diagram of cold dense quark
matter, occurring wherever one finds quark matter which is not in the
color-flavor locked phase. If it occurs within the cores of compact stars, a
crystalline color superconducting region may provide a new locus for glitch
phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127516 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity of X-Ray Selected T Tauri Stars in Chamaeleon


  We report on a multiplicity survey of a sample of X-ray selected young stars
in the Chamaeleon association. We used speckle-interferometry and direct
imaging to find companions in the separation range 0.13" to 6". After
correction for chance alignment with background stars, we find a multiplicity
(number of binaries or multiples divided by number of systems) of (14.0+-4.3)%
and a companion star frequency (number of companions divided by number of
systems) of (14.7+-5.1)%. Compared to solar-type main-sequence stars, the
companion star frequency is lower by a factor of 0.61+-0.27. This is remarkably
different from the high multiplicity found in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming
region and for T Tauri stars in Chamaeleon known before ROSAT. We find only a
few binaries with projected separations of more than 70 AU, also in contrast to
the results for stars known before ROSAT. This indicates that the X-ray
selected stars belong to a different population than the stars known before
ROSAT, a hypothesis further supported by their Hipparcos distances and proper
motions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169287 </DOCNO>
The quantum algorithm of Kieu does not solve the Hilbert's tenth problem


  Recently T. Kieu (arXiv:quant-ph/0110136) claimed a quantum algorithm
computing some functions beyond the Church-Turing class. He notes that "it is
in fact widely believed that quantum computation cannot offer anything new
about computability" and claims the opposite. However, his quantum algorithm
does not work, which is the point of my short note. I still believe that
quantum computation leads to new complexity but retains the old computability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128102 </DOCNO>
Massive Star Evolution: Nucleosynthesis and Nuclear Reaction Rate


  We present a nucleosynthesis calculation of a 25 solar mass star of solar
composition that includes all relevant isotopes up to polonium. In particular,
all stable isotopes and necessary nuclear reaction rates are covered. We follow
the stellar evolution from hydrogen burning till iron core collapse and
simulate the explosion using a ``piston'' approach. We discuss the influence of
two key nuclear reaction rates, C12(a,g) and Ne22(a,n), on stellar evolution
and nucleosynthesis. The former significantly influences the resulting core
sizes (iron, silicon, oxygen) and the overall presupernova structure of the
star. It thus has significant consequences for the supernova explosion itself
and the compact remnant formed. The later rate considerably affects the
s-process in massive stars and we demonstrate the changes that different
currently suggested values for this rate cause.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2582 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Kondo screening effect in a single-electron transistor


  We study the Kondo screening effect generated by a single-electron transistor
or quantum dot embedded in a small metallic ring. When the ring circumference
$L$ becomes comparable to the fundamental length scale $\xi_K^0=\hbar \upsilon
_F/T_K^0$ associated with the {\it bulk} Kondo tempe the Kondo resonance is
strongly affected, depending on the total number of electrons ({\it modulo} 4)
and magnetic flux threading the ring. The resulting Kondo-assisted persistent
currents are also calculated in both Kondo and mixed valence regimes, and the
maximum values are found in the crossover region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149949 </DOCNO>
Polyakov conjecture and 2+1 dimensional gravity coupled to particles


  A proof is given of Polyakov conjecture about the auxiliary parameters of the
SU(1,1) Riemann-Hilbert problem for general elliptic singularities. Such a
result is related to the uniformization of the the sphere punctured by n
conical defects. Its relevance to the hamiltonian structure of 2+1 dimensional
gravity in the maximally slicing gauge is stressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72891 </DOCNO>
Constructing "Reference" Triangle through Unitarity of CKM Matrix


  Motivated by the possibility of the low value of sin2\beta in the
measurements of BABAR and BELLE collaborations, a reference unitarity triangle
is constructed using the unitarity of the CKM matrix and the experimental
values of the well known CKM elements, without involving any inputs from the
processes which might include the new physics effects. The angles of the
triangle are evaluated by finding the CP violating phase \delta through the
Jarlskog's rephasing invariant parameter J. The present data and the unitarity
of the CKM matrix gives for \delta the range 28^o to 152^o, which for sin2\beta
translates to the range 0.21 to 0.88. This range is broadly in agreement with
the recent BABAR and BELLE results. However, a value of sin2\beta \leq 0.2,
advocated by Silva and Wolfenstein as a benchmark for new physics, would imply
a violation in the three generation unitarity and would hint towards the
existence of a fourth generation Further, the future refinements in the CKM
elements will push the lower limit on sin2\beta still higher.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127312 </DOCNO>
The Consequences of the Cosmic Star-Formation Rate: X-ray Number Counts


  We discuss the observable consequences for the detection of galaxies in the
X-ray bandpass resulting from a peak in the cosmic star-formation rate at a
redshift > 1. Following White & Ghosh, we assume a large evolution in the
X-ray/B luminosity ratio at z ~ 0.5-1.5 resulting from the X-ray binaries that
have evolved from stars formed at z > 1-2. Using the HDF-N redshift survey data
and the locally observed X-ray/B luminosity ratio as a guide, we estimate a
median X-ray flux (2-10 keV) on the order of 8 x 10^-18 ergs/s/cm^2 for
galaxies in the HDF-N, which is consistent with a signal derived from a
stacking analysis of the HDF-N Chandra data by Brandt et al. (2001). We also
predict the number counts in deep X-ray surveys expected from normal galaxies
at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128966 </DOCNO>
Chaos in cuspy triaxial galaxies with a supermassive black hole: a


  This paper summarises an investigation of chaos in a toy potential which
mimics much of the behaviour observed for the more realistic triaxial
generalisations of the Dehnen potentials, which have been used to model cuspy
triaxial galaxies both with and without a supermassive black hole. The
potential is the sum of an anisotropic harmonic oscillator potential,
  V_o=(1/2)*(a^{2}x^{2}+b^{2}y^{2}+c^{2}z^{2}), and a spherical Plummer
potential,
        V_o=-M_{BH}/(r^{2}+e^{2})^{1/2} with r^{2}=x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}. Attention
focuses on three issues related to the properties of ensembles of chaotic
orbits which impact on chaotic mixing and the possibility of constructing
self-consistent equilibria: (1) What fraction of the orbits are chaotic? (2)
How sensitive are the chaotic orbits, i.e., how large are their largest (short
time) Lyapunov exponents? (3) To what extent is the motion of chaotic orbits
impeded by Arnold webs, i.e.,, how `sticky' are the chaotic orbits? These
questions are explored as functions of the axis ratio a:b:c, black hole mass
M_BH, softening length e, and energy E with the aims of understanding how the
manifestations of chaos depend on the shape of the system and why the black
hole generates chaos. The simplicity of the model makes it amenable to a
perturbative analysis. That it mimics the behaviour of more complicated
potentials suggests that much of this behaviour should be generic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169333 </DOCNO>
A security proof of quantum cryptography based entirely on entanglement


  We give a proof that entanglement purification, even with noisy apparatus, is
sufficient to disentangle an eavesdropper (Eve) from the communication channel.
In the security regime, the purification process factorises the overall initial
state into a tensor-product state of Alice and Bob, on one side, and Eve on the
other side, thus establishing a completely private, albeit noisy, quantum
communication channel between Alice and Bob. The security regime is found to
coincide for all practical purposes with the purification regime of a two-way
recurrence protocol. This makes two-way entanglement purification protocols,
which constitute an important element in the quantum repeater, an efficient
tool for secure long-distance quantum cryptography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86984 </DOCNO>
Recent Advances in Stochastic Gravity: Theory and Issues


  Whereas semiclassical gravity is based on the semiclassical Einstein equation
with sources given by the expectation value of the stress-energy tensor of
quantum fields, stochastic semiclassical gravity is based on the Einstein-
Langevin equation, which has in addition sources due to the noise kernel. The
noise kernel is the expectation value of the stress-energy bi-tensor which
describes the fluctuations of quantum matter fields. Here, we first give an
axiomatic derivation of the Einstein-Langevin equations and then show how they
can also be derived by the original method based on the influence functional.
As a first application we solve these equations and compute the two- point
correlation functions for the linearized Einstein tensor and for the metric
perturbations in a Minkowski background. We then turn to the important issue of
the validity of semiclassical gravity by examining the criteria based on the
ratio of the variance of fluctuations of the stress-energy tensor of a quantum
field to its mean. We show a calculation of these quantities for a massless
scalar field in the Minkowski and the Casimir vacua as a function of an
intrinsic scale defined by introducing a smeared field or by point separation.
Contrary to prior claims, the ratio of variance to mean-squared being of the
order unity does not necessarily imply the failure of semiclassical gravity.
Next we use the point-separation method to derive a general expression for a
regularized noise-kernel for quantum fields in general curved spacetimes. Using
these expressions one could investigate a host of important problems in early
universe and black hole physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97812 </DOCNO>
Affine Anosov transformation of affine manifolds


  In this paper, we show that a compact affine manifold endowed with an Affine
Anosov transformation is finitely covered by a complete affine nilmanifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75450 </DOCNO>
The vacuum universe: the vacuum deposit and the dimensional hierarchy


  In this paper, it is proposed that the universe not only gains its existence
from the vacuum but also fattens itself with the vacuum. It is the vacuum
universe. The vacuum is deposited in the inflationary universe before the
inflation. During the inflation, the deposited vacuum is spent to acquire
space. In terms of elementary particles, the deposited vacuum is spent to
dilute (fractionalize) the primordial high mass mixed 9-branes to form the low
mass hierarchical mixed branes from 9 to 3 whose masses decrease with the
space-time dimension numbers. This formation of the hierarchical mixed branes
is followed by the internal empty space formation. The internal empty space is
generate internally by the annihilation of some of the mixed branes through
charge symmetry. The energy released is cosmic radiation. The inflationary
emergence of the hierarchical mixed branes and the non-inflationary emergence
of cosmic radiation after the inflation constitute the hybrid inflation. The
mixed 3-brane is the mixture of leptons and quarks. During the empty space
formation, the four-dimensional "dimensional orbitals" form in the space
surrounding the mixed 3-brane. From these dimensional orbitals, the periodic
table of elementary particles is constructed to account for all leptons,
quarks, gauge bosons, and hadrons, and the calculated masses are in good
agreement with the observed values. The universe is the cyclic universe that
goes through the pre-inflation, the inflation, the big bang-band, the
quintessence, the big crush, and the deflation transitions, so the universe is
an endless fattening free lunch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124096 </DOCNO>
Redshift-Space Distortions of Group and Galaxy Correlations


  The two-point correlation function is computed for galaxies and groups of
galaxies selected using 3-dimensional information from the Updated Zwicky
Galaxy Catalog - (UZC). The redshift space distortion of the correlation
function $\xi(\sigma,\pi)$ in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the
line of sight, induced by pairwise group peculiar velocities is evaluated. Two
methods are used to characterize the pairwise velocity field of groups and
galaxies. The best fitting parameters are $\gamma=-1.89 \pm 0.17$ and $r_0=9.7
\pm 4.5$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc for groups, and $\gamma=-2.00 \pm 0.03$ and $r_0=5.29 \pm
0.21$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc for galaxies. We find $\beta_{gx}=0.51 \pm 0.15$ for
galaxies, while for groups we obtain a noisy estimate $\beta < 1.5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96988 </DOCNO>
Decrease of bounded holomorphic functions along discrete sets


  We provide results of uniqueness for holomorphic functions in the Nevanlinna
class bridging those previously obtained by Hayman and Lyubarskii-Seip. Namely,
we propose certain classes of hyperbolically separated sequences in the disk,
in terms of the rate of non-tangential accumulation to the boundary (the
endpoints of this spectrum of classes being respectively the sequences with a
non-tangential cluster set of positive measure, and the sequences violating the
Blaschke condition); and for each of those classes, we give a critical
condition of radial decrease on the modulus which will force a Nevanlinna class
function to vanish identically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81257 </DOCNO>
Susceptibility of Monte-Carlo Generated Projected Vortices


  We determine the topological susceptibility from center projected vortices
and demonstrate that the topological properties of the SU(2) Yang-Mills vacuum
can be extracted from the vortex content. We eliminate spurious ultraviolet
fluctuations by two different smoothing procedures. The extracted
susceptibility is comparable to that obtained from full field configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127595 </DOCNO>
Drifting sub-pulses in two newly discovered pulsars


  We have detected the rare phenomenon of stable, drifting sub-pulse behaviour
in two pulsars discovered in the recent Swinburne intermediate latitude pulsar
survey. The pulsars; PSR J1231-47 and PSR J1919+0134, have approximate periods
(P) of 1.873 and 1.6039 seconds respectively.
  Both pulsars have multi-component profiles, and distinct drifting is observed
across them. We have identified a single drift mode in both pulsars: the drift
rate for PSR J1231-47 being 5.4(1) ms P^{-1} and 5.8(2) ms P^{-1} for PSR
1919+0134. The drifting is linear across the profile with no departure from
linearity at the edges within the sensitivity of our observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6331 </DOCNO>
On Low-Temperature Dephasing by Electron-Electron Interaction


  The quantum coherence of electrons can be probed by studying weak
localization corrections to the conductivity. Interaction effects lead to
dephasing, with electron-electron interactions being the important intrinsic
mechanism. A controversy exists whether or not the dephasing rate, as measured
in a weak localization experiment, vanishes at low temperatures. We review the
non-perturbative analysis of this question and some of the arguments which have
been raised against it. The compact form of the presentation should make the
derivation more transparent and accessible for discussions. We also compare
with recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6999 </DOCNO>
Time dependence of critical behavior in multifragmentation


  We study signatures of critical behavior in microscopic simulations of small,
highly excited Lennard-Jones drops. We focus our attention on the behavior of
the system at the time of fragment formation (which takes place in phase space)
and compare the results with the corresponding ones obtained at asymptotic
times (experimentally accessible). The four critical exponents ($\tau$,$\beta$,
$\sigma$ and $\gamma$) found at fragmentation time have shown to be stable
against time evolution, indicating that the asymptotic stage reflects
accurately the physics at fragmentation time. Even though evidence of critical
behavior arises from the calculations, we can not affirm that the system is
performing a second order like phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75312 </DOCNO>
Gravity on a 3-brane in 6D Bulk


  We study gravity in codimension-2 brane world scenarios with infinite volume
extra dimensions. In particular, we consider the case where the brane has
non-zero tension. The extra space then is a two-dimensional ``wedge'' with a
deficit angle. In such backgrounds we can effectively have the Einstein-Hilbert
term on the brane at the classical level if we include higher curvature
(Gauss-Bonnet) terms in the bulk. Alternatively, such a term would be generated
at the quantum level if the brane matter is not conformal. We study
(linearized) gravity in the presence of the Einstein-Hilbert term on the brane
in such backgrounds. We find that, just as in the original codimension-2
Dvali-Gabadadze model with a tensionless brane, gravity is almost completely
localized on the brane with ultra-light modes penetrating into the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72435 </DOCNO>
In-event background and signal reconstruction for two-photon


  A method is presented for the reconstruction of both the background and
signal in invariant-mass analyses for two-photon decays. The procedure does not
make use of event mixing techniques and as such is based exclusively on an
event-by-event analysis. Consequently, topological correlations of the event
(e.g. jet structures) are automatically taken into account. By means of the
decay process $\pi^{0} \to \gamma \gamma$ it will be demonstrated how the
procedure allows for determination of the $\pi^{0}$ yield from the observed
decay photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41685 </DOCNO>
On Building Better Cone Jet Algorithms


  We discuss recent progress in understanding the issues essential to the
development of better cone jet algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123449 </DOCNO>
Faint X-ray sources resolved in the ASCA Galactic plane survey and their


  The X-ray emission from the central region of the Galactic plane, |l|<45 deg
and |b|<0.4 deg, was studied in the 0.7-10 keV energy band with a spatial
resolution of ~3' with the ASCA observatory. We developed a new analysis method
for the ASCA data to resolve discrete sources from the extended Galactic ridge
X-ray emission (GRXE). We resolved 163 discrete sources with a flux down to
10^-12.5 ergs cm^-2 s^-1 and determined the intensity variations of the GRXE as
a function of the Galactic longitude with a spatial resolution of ~1 deg. The
longitudinal variation of the GRXE in the energy band above 4 keV shows a large
enhancement within |l|<30 deg. This suggests a strong enhancement of X-ray
emissivity inside the 4-kpc arms. Searches for identifications of the resolved
sources with cataloged X-ray sources and optical stars show that the 66% are
unidentified. Spectral analysis of each source shows that a large number of the
unidentified sources have hard X-ray spectra. We classified the sources into
several groups according to the spectra and analyzed the spectra summed within
each group. Possible X-ray origins of these sources are discussed based on the
grouping analysis. Also, we derived the LogN-LogS relations of the resolved
sources in the energy bands below and above 2 keV. The obtained LogN-LogS
relation of the Galactic X-ray sources above 2 keV is represented by a
power-law with an index of -0.79+/-0.07. This flat LogN-LogS relation suggests
that the spatial distribution of the sources should have an arm-like structure
in which the Solar system is included. The integrated surface brightness of the
resolved sources is about 10% of the total GRXE in both energy bands. The
approximately 90% of the emission remaining is still unresolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3360 </DOCNO>
Magnetotunneling spectroscopy of mesoscopic correlations in


  An approach to experimentally exploring electronic correlation functions in
mesoscopic regimes is proposed. The idea is to monitor the mesoscopic
fluctuations of a tunneling current flowing between the two layers of a
semiconductor double-quantum-well structure. From the dependence of these
fluctuations on external parameters, such as in-plane or perpendicular magnetic
fields, external bias voltages, etc., the temporal and spatial dependence of
various prominent correlation functions of mesoscopic physics can be
determined. Due to the absence of spatially localized external probes, the
method provides a way to explore the interplay of interaction and localization
effects in two-dimensional systems within a relatively unperturbed environment.
We describe the theoretical background of the approach and quantitatively
discuss the behavior of the current fluctuations in diffusive and ergodic
regimes. The influence of both various interaction mechanisms and localization
effects on the current is discussed. Finally a proposal is made on how, at
least in principle, the method may be used to experimentally determine the
relevant critical exponents of localization-delocalization transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96243 </DOCNO>
Subvarieties of abelian varieties


  We discuss various constructions which allow one to embed a principally
polarized abelian variety in the jacobian of a curve. Each of these gives
representatives of multiples of the minimal cohomology class for curves which
in turn produce subvarieties of higher dimension representing multiples of the
minimal class. We then discuss the problem of producing curves representing
multiples of the minimal class via deformation-theoretic methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81220 </DOCNO>
Gauge potential singularities and the gluon condensate at finite


  The continuum limit of SU(2) lattice gauge theory is carefully investigated
at zero and at finite temperatures. It is found that the continuum gauge field
has singularities originating from center degrees of freedom being discovered
in Landau gauge. Our numerical results show that the density of these
singularities properly extrapolates to a non-vanishing continuum limit. The
action density of the non-trivial Z_2 links is tentatively identified with the
gluon condensate. We find for temperatures larger than the deconfinement
temperature that the thermal fluctuations of the embedded Z_2 gauge theory
result in an increase of the gluon condensate with increasing temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174679 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Ion Physics at the LHC


  This White Paper on Heavy Ion Physics at the LHC was presented at the Town
Meeting at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Jan. 21-23, 2001, and made available
to NSAC to aid in the long range planning process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124501 </DOCNO>
Warm Dark Matter, Small Scale Crisis, and the High Redshift Universe


  Warm Dark Matter (WDM) models have recently been resurrected to resolve
apparent conflicts of Cold Dark Matter (DM) models with observations. Endowing
the DM particles with non-negligible velocities causes free-streaming, which
suppresses the primordial power spectrum on small scales. The choice of a
root-mean-square velocity dispersion v(rms) = 0.05 km/s at redshift z=0
(corresponding to a particle mass of 1 keV if the WDM particles are fermions
decoupling while relativistic) helps alleviate most, but probably not all, of
the small-scale problems faced by CDM. An important side-effect of the particle
velocities is the severe decrease in the number of collapsed halos at high
redshift. This is caused both by the loss of small-scale power, and by the
delay in the collapse of the smallest individual halos (with masses near the
effective Jeans mass of the DM). The presence of early halos is required in
order (1) to host either early quasars or galaxies that can reionize the
universe by redshift z=5.8, and (2) to allow the growth of the supermassive
black hole believed to power the recently discovered quasar SDSS 1044-1215 at
this redshift. We quantify these constraints using a modified Press-Schechter
formalism, and find v(rms) < 0.04 km/s (or m_X > 1 keV). If future observations
uncover massive black holes at z > 10, or reveal that reionization occurred at
z > 10, this could conclusively rule out WDM models as the solution to the
small-scale crisis of the CDM paradigm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148432 </DOCNO>
Anomaly Analysis of Brane-Antibrane Systems


  String theories with branes can often be generalized by adding
brane-antibrane pairs. We explore the cancellation of anomalies in this more
general context, extending the familiar anomaly-cancelling mechanisms, both for
ten-dimensional string theories with D-branes and for certain supersymmetric
compactifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73364 </DOCNO>
Coulomb corrections and multiple e+e- pair production in


  We consider the problem of Coulomb corrections to the inclusive cross
section. We show that these corrections in the limiting case of small charge
number of one of the nuclei coincide with those to the exclusive cross section.
Within our approach we also obtain the Coulomb corrections for the case of
large charge numbers of both nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74342 </DOCNO>
Space structure of hadrons in elastic scattering at high energy


  We have confirmed and complemented previous conclusions from studies of the
impact parameter profiles, relative to $pp$ and $\bar pp$ scattering, using a
generalized eikonalized amplitude. In particular, the transition from the grey
to the black disk is followed, when the energy increases beyond $\sim 3$ TeV
and for the inelastic process, by a black ring surrounding the antishadow
scattering mode at the center. The ranges of hadronic forces responsible for
the elastic and inelastic processes are estimated by means of root-mean-squares
of the impact parameter. Predictions at the LHC energy are explicitly given.
The effect of eikonalization is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75837 </DOCNO>
Dispersion Effects in Nucleon Polarisabilities


  We present a formalism to extract the dynamical nucleon polarisabilities
defined via a multipole expansion of the structure amplitudes in nucleon
Compton scattering. In contradistinction to the static polarisabilities,
dynamical polarisabilities gauge the response of the internal degrees of
freedom of a composed object to an external, real photon field of arbitrary
energy. Being energy dependent, they therefore contain additional information
about dispersive effects induced by internal relaxation mechanisms, baryonic
resonances and meson production thresholds of the nucleon. We give explicit
formulae to extract the dynamical electric and magnetic dipole as well as
quadrupole polarisabilities from low energy nucleon Compton scattering up to
the one pion production threshold and discuss the connection to the definition
of static nucleon polarisabilities. As a concrete example, we examine the
results of leading order Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory for the four
leading spin independent iso-scalar polarisabilities of the nucleon. Finally,
we consider the possible r{\^o}le of energy dependent effects in low energy
extractions of the iso-scalar dipole polarisabilities from Compton scattering
on the deuteron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5632 </DOCNO>
Stability of a Vortex in Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We propose a method to create a vortex in BEC utilizing the spin degree of
freedom. We consider the optical plug at the center of the vortex, which makes
the vortex-creation process stable. We also investigate the instability of the
halfway state to complete vortex state without the optical plug.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98789 </DOCNO>
Quiver varieties and Hilbert schemes


  In this note we give an explicit geometric description of some of the
Nakajima's quiver varieties. More precisely, we show that the
$\Gamma$-equivariant Hilbert scheme $X^{\Gamma[n]}$ and the Hilbert scheme
$X_\Gamma^{[n]}$ (where $X=\C^2$, $\Gamma\subset SL(\C^2)$ is a finite
subgroup, and $X_\Gamma$ is a minimal resolution of $X/\Gamma$) are quiver
varieties for the affine Dynkin graph, corresponding to $\Gamma$ via the McKay
correspondence, the same dimension vectors, but different parameters $\zeta$
(for earlier results in this direction see [4, 12, 13]). In particular, it
follows that the varieties $X^{\Gamma[n]}$ and $X_\Gamma^{[n]}$ are
diffeomorphic. Computing their cohomology (in the case $\Gamma=\Z/d\Z$) via the
fixed points of $(\C^*\times\C^*)$-action we deduce the following combinatorial
identity: the number $UCY(n,d)$ of uniformly coloured in d colours Young
diagrams consisting of nd boxes coincides with the number $CY(n,d)$ of
collections of d Young diagrams with the total number of boxes equal to n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124606 </DOCNO>
The Galactic Habitable Zone I. Galactic Chemical Evolution


  We propose the concept of a "Galactic Habitable Zone" (GHZ). Analogous to the
Circumstellar Habitable Zone (CHZ), the GHZ is that region in the Milky Way
where an Earth-like planet can retain liquid water on its surface and provide a
long-term habitat for animal-like aerobic life. In this paper we examine the
dependence of the GHZ on Galactic chemical evolution. The single most important
factor is likely the dependence of terrestrial planet mass on the metallicity
of its birth cloud. We estimate, very approximately, that a metallicity at
least half that of the Sun is required to build a habitable terrestrial planet.
The mass of a terrestrial planet has important consequences for interior heat
loss, volatile inventory, and loss of atmosphere. A key issue is the production
of planets that sustain plate tectonics, a critical recycling process that
provides feedback to stabilize atmospheric temperatures on planets with oceans
and atmospheres. Due to the more recent decline from the early intense star
formation activity in the Milky Way, the concentration in the interstellar
medium of the geophysically important radioisotopes, $^{40}$K, $^{235, 238}$U,
$^{232}$Th, has been declining relative to Fe, an abundant element in the
Earth. Also likely important are the relative abundances of Si and Mg to Fe,
which affects the mass of the core relative to the mantle in a terrestrial
planet. All these elements and isotopes vary with time and location in the
Milky Way; thus, planetary systems forming in other locations and times in the
Milky Way with the same metallicity as the Sun will not necessarily form
habitable Earth-like planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41536 </DOCNO>
$Q^2$ Dependence of Quadrupole Strength in the


  Models of baryon structure predict a small quadrupole deformation of the
nucleon due to residual tensor forces between quarks or distortions from the
pion cloud. Sensitivity to quark versus pion degrees of freedom occurs through
the $Q^2$ dependence of the magnetic ($M_{1+}$), electric ($E_{1+}$), and
scalar ($S_{1+}$) multipoles in the $\gamma^* p \to \Delta^+ \to p \pi^0$
transition. We report new experimental values for the ratios $E_{1+}/M_{1+}$
and $S_{1+}/M_{1+}$ over the range $Q^2$= 0.4-1.8 GeV$^2$, extracted from
precision $p(e,e 'p)\pi^{\circ}$ data using a truncated multipole expansion.
Results are best described by recent unitary models in which the pion cloud
plays a dominant role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169130 </DOCNO>
EPR-Bell Tests with Unsharp Observables and Relativistic Quantum


  In this contribution I will review the analysis of the
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument, Bell's inequalities and of associated
experiments for spins in terms of positive operator valued measures.
Specifically, I will explore the relation between the
Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality and a fundamental \emph{classicality}
property of observables -- their \emph{coexistence}. A derivation of Bell's
inequalities for unsharp spins will be given which follows a reconstruction by
Mittelstaedt and Stachow of the original EPR argument. In this context we
discuss the need for a consistent relativistic description of localised
measurements, carried out in spacelike separated regions of spacetime on
spatially extended, entangled systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6815 </DOCNO>
Spin instabilities and quantum phase transitions in integral and


  The inter-Landau-level spin excitations of quantum Hall states at filling
factors nu=2 and 4/3 are investigated by exact numerical diagonalization for
the situation in which the cyclotron (hbar*omega_c) and Zeeman (E_Z) splittings
are comparable. The relevant quasiparticles and their interactions are studied,
including stable spin wave and skyrmion bound states. For nu=2, a spin
instability at a finite value of epsilon=hbar*omega_c-E_Z leads to an abrupt
paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition, in agreement with the mean-field
approximation. However, for nu=4/3 a new and unexpected quantum phase
transition is found which involves a gradual change from paramagnetic to
ferromagnetic occupancy of the partially filled Landau level as epsilon is
decreased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97162 </DOCNO>
Persistent Homoclinic Orbits for Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation Under


  Existence of homoclinic orbits in the cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation
under singular perturbations is proved. Emphasis is placed upon the regularity
of the semigroup $e^{\e t \pa_x^2}$ at $\e = 0$. This article is a substantial
generalization of \cite{LMSW96}, and motivated by the effort of Dr. Zeng
\cite{Zen00a} \cite{Zen00b}. The mistake of Zeng in \cite{Zen00b} is corrected
with a normal form transform approach. Both one and two unstable modes cases
are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127556 </DOCNO>
The GLAST Burst Monitor (GBM)


  The selection of the GLAST burst monitor (GBM) by NASA will allow the
investigation of the relation between the keV and the MeV-GeV emission from
gamma-ray bursts. The GBM consists of 12 NaI and 2 BGO crystals allowing a
continuous measurement of the energy spectra of gamma-ray bursts from ~5 keV to
\~30 MeV. One feature of the GBM is its high time resolution for time-resolved
gamma-ray spectroscopy. Moreover the arrangement of the NaI crystals allows a
rapid on-board location (<15 degrees) of a gamma-ray burst within a FoV of ~8.6
sr. This position will be communicated to the main instrument of GLAST making
follow-up observations at high energies possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179637 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Pair Operators and the Number-conserved Treatment of Pairing


  By introducing the intrinsic pair operators which commute with number
fluctuation operator, a new formalism is given for the number-conserving
description of the pairing correlations. The difficulty in the conventional RPA
treatment for pairing rotation is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72448 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos from Stellar Collapse: Comparison of signatures in water and


  Signatures of neutrino and antineutrino signals from stellar collapse in
heavy water detectors are contrasted with those in water detectors. The effects
of mixing, especially due to the highly dense matter in the supernova core, are
studied. The mixing parameters used are those sets allowed by current
understanding of available neutrino data: from solar, atmospheric and
laboratory neutrino experiments. Signals at a heavy water detector, especially
the dominant charged current reactions on deuteron, are very sensitive to some
of these sets of allowed mixing parameters. Theoretical uncertainties on
supernova neutrino spectra notwithstanding, a combination of supernova
measurements with water and heavy water detectors may be able to distinguish
many of these mixing possibilities and thus help in ruling out many of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5519 </DOCNO>
Imitation and contrarian behavior: hyperbolic bubbles, crashes and chaos


  Imitative and contrarian behaviors are the two typical opposite attitudes of
investors in stock markets. We introduce a simple model to investigate their
interplay in a stock market where agents can take only two states, bullish or
bearish. Each bullish (bearish) agent polls m "friends'' and changes her
opinion to bearish (bullish) if there is (1) either a majority of bearish
agents or (2) too strong a majority of bullish agents. The condition (1) (resp.
(2)) corresponds to imitative (resp. antagonistic) behavior. In the limit where
the number N of agents is infinite, the dynamics of the fraction of bullish
agents is deterministic and exhibits chaotic behavior in a significant domain
of the parameter space of the model. A typical chaotic trajectory is
characterized by intermittent phases of chaos, quasi-periodic behavior and
super-exponentially growing bubbles followed by crashes. A typical bubble
starts initially by growing at an exponential rate and then crosses over to a
nonlinear power law growth rate leading to a finite-time singularity. The
reinjection mechanism provided by the contrarian behavior introduces a
finite-size effect, rounding off these singularities and leads to chaos. We
document the main stylized facts of this model in the symmetric and asymmetric
cases. This model is one of the rare agent-based models that give rise to
interesting non-periodic complex dynamics in the ``thermodynamic'' limit (of an
infinite number N of agents). We also discuss the case of a finite number of
agents, which introduces an endogenous source of noise superimposed on the
chaotic dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174785 </DOCNO>
The lifetime of the Lambda hyperon bound in hypernuclei produced by p+U


  The nonmesonic decay of the Lambda hyperon has been investigated by
observation of delayed fission from heavy hypernuclei produced in proton-U
collisions at Tp = 1.9 GeV. The lifetime of heavy hypernuclei with masses A
approximately 220 obtained in the present work, i.e.
    tau = 138 +- 6 (stat.) +-m 17 (syst.) ps,
 is the most accurate result for heavy hypernuclei produced in proton and
antiproton induced collisions on a U target so far.
  PACS: {13.30.-a}{Decays of baryons} {13.75.Ev}{Hyperon-nucleon interaction}
{21.80}{Hypernuclei} {25.80.Pw}{Hyperon-induced reactions}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128830 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement: a new high


  A new N-body and hydrodynamical code, called RAMSES, is presented. It has
been designed to study structure formation in the universe with high spatial
resolution. The code is based on Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) technique, with
a tree based data structure allowing recursive grid refinements on a
cell-by-cell basis. The N-body solver is very similar to the one developed for
the ART code (Kravtsov et al. 97), with minor differences in the exact
implementation. The hydrodynamical solver is based on a second-order Godunov
method, a modern shock-capturing scheme known to compute accurately the thermal
history of the fluid component. The accuracy of the code is carefully estimated
using various test cases, from pure gas dynamical tests to cosmological ones.
The specific refinement strategy used in cosmological simulations is described,
and potential spurious effects associated to shock waves propagation in the
resulting AMR grid are discussed and found to be negligible. Results obtained
in a large N-body and hydrodynamical simulation of structure formation in a low
density LCDM universe are finally reported, with 256^3 particles and 4.1 10^7
cells in the AMR grid, reaching a formal resolution of 8192^3. A convergence
analysis of different quantities, such as dark matter density power spectrum,
gas pressure power spectrum and individual haloes temperature profiles, shows
that numerical results are converging down to the actual resolution limit of
the code, and are well reproduced by recent analytical predictions in the
framework of the halo model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149315 </DOCNO>
Towards a Spectral Proof of the Mass Gap in QCD?


  Yang--Mills theory in four dimensions is studied by using the Coulomb gauge.
The Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian involves integration of matrix elements of an
operator P built from the Laplacian and from a first-order differential
operator. The operator P is studied from the point of view of spectral theory
of pseudo-differential operators on compact Riemannian manifolds, both when
self-adjointness holds and when it is not fulfilled. In both cases,
well-defined matrix elements of P are evaluated as a first step towards the
more difficult problems of quantized Yang--Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6109 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensates in `giant' toroidal magnetic traps


  The experimental realisation of gaseous Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in
1995 sparked considerable interest in this intriguing quantum fluid. Here we
report on progress towards the development of an 87Rb BEC experiment in a large
(~10cm diameter) toroidal storage ring. A BEC will be formed at a localised
region within the toroidal magnetic trap, from whence it can be launched around
the torus. The benefits of the system are many-fold, as it should readily
enable detailed investigations of persistent currents, Josephson effects, phase
fluctuations and high-precision Sagnac or gravitational interferometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7296 </DOCNO>
What the resonance peak can do


  We discuss whether the exciton scenario for the magnetic resonance in the
cuprate superconductors, and the proposal that scattering from this resonance
substantially affects the electronic properties of the cuprates below $T_c$, is
consistent with its small spectral weight. We argue that the resonance's small
weight is simply related to its concentration in a small region of momentum and
energy. Despite this, we find that a large fermionic self-energy can indeed be
generated by a resonance with such properties. In particular, our estimate of
the dimensionless spin-fermion coupling differs by three orders of magnitude
from the recent estimate of Kee {\it et al.}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75363 </DOCNO>
Diffractive dissociation and saturation scale from non-linear evolution


  This paper presents the first numerical solution to the non-linear evolution
equation for diffractive dissociation processes in deep inelastic scattering.
It is shown that the solution depends on one scaling variable $\tau = Q^2/Q^{D
2}_s(x,x_0)$, where $Q^D_s(x,x_0)$ is the saturation scale for the diffraction
processes. The dependence of the saturation scale $Q^D_s(x,x_0)$ on both $x$
and $x_0$ is investigated, ($Y_0 = \ln(1/x_0)$ is a minimal rapidity gap for
the diffraction process). The $x$ - dependence of $Q^D_s$ turns out to be the
same as of the saturation scale in the total inclusive DIS cross section. In
our calculations $Q^D_s(x,x_0)$ reveals only mild dependence on $x_0$. The
scaling is shown to hold for $x \ll x_0$ but is violated at $ x \sim x_0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98117 </DOCNO>
Hirzebruch genera of manifolds equipped with a Hamiltonian circle action


  In the paper we describe obstructions for the existence of symplectic and
Hamiltonian symplectic circle actions on closed compact manifolds in terms of
Hirzebruch genera and relations between differential and homotopic invariants
of such manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41283 </DOCNO>
Axial structure of the nucleon


  We review the current status of experimental and theoretical understanding of
the axial nucleon structure at low and moderate energies. Topics considered
include (quasi)elastic (anti)neutrino-nucleon scattering, charged pion
electroproduction off nucleons and ordinary as well as radiative muon capture
on the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76705 </DOCNO>
Hard colour singlet exchange and gaps between jets at the Tevatron


  The new kind of events with a rapidity gap between two high-E_T jets,
observed in high energy ppbar collisions at the Tevatron, is found to be well
described by the exchange of a colour singlet gluon system in the BFKL
framework. This requires going beyond the conventional asymptotic Mueller-Tang
approximation, which results in qualitatively different features of the basic
parton-parton scattering amplitude. Non-leading corrections to the BFKL
equation are included by incorporation of the consistency constraint and the
running QCD coupling. Hadronisation and other non-perturbative QCD effects are
treated through a complete Monte Carlo simulation, providing a gap survival
probability that varies event-by-event, facilitating comparison with
experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76706 </DOCNO>
Pion Form Factor and Quark Mass Evolution in a Light-Front Quark Model


  We discuss the soft contribution to the elastic pion form factor with the
mass evolution from current to constituent quark being taken into account in a
light-front quark model(LFQM).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129445 </DOCNO>
Infrared Spectra of the Subluminous Type Ia Supernova 1999by


  Near-infrared spectra of the subluminous Type Ia SN1999by are presented which
cover the time evolution from about 4 days before to 2 weeks after maximum.
Analysis of these data was accomplished through the construction of an extended
set of delayed detonation (DD) models. The explosion, light curves and spectra
including their evolution with time are calculated consistently leaving the
initial WD and the description of the nuclear burning front the free
parameters. We cover the entire range of normal to subluminous SNeIa. From this
model set, one was selected for SN99by by matching properties of the synthetic
& observed optical light curves. We find DD models require a certain amount of
burning during the deflagration phase setting a lower limit for the absolute
brightness. For SN1999by, a model close to the minimum 56Ni production is
required. Without tuning,good agreement has been found between synthetic and
observed IR spectra. In contrast to 'normal' SNeIa and prior to maximum, the
NIR spectra of SN1999by are dominated by products of explosive carbon burning.
Spectra taken after maximum are dominated by products of incomplete Si burning.
Pure deflagration scenarios or mergers are unlikely. However,problems for DD
models still remain, as the data seem to be at odds with recent predictions
from 3-D models which find significant mixing of the inner layers. Possible
solutions include the effects of rapid rotation on the propagation of nuclear
flames, or extensive burning of carbon just prior to the runaway.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95844 </DOCNO>
Group actions on one-manifolds, II: Extensions of H\"{o}lder's Theorem


  We study groups of homeomorphisms of R, each of whose elements have at most
one fixed point. In particular we prove that any such group of C^2
diffeomorphisms is topologically conjugate to an affine group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4662 </DOCNO>
Testing pairing models on a quantum computer


  We propose an explicit algorithm for efficient simulation of the class of
pairing Hamiltonians, e.g., the BCS Hamiltonian, on an NMR quantum computer.
The algorithm finds the low-lying spectrum in the vicinity of the gap between
ground and first excited states, and provides a test of the applicability of
the BCS Hamiltonian to mesoscopic superconducting systems, such as ultrasmall
metallic grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123479 </DOCNO>
DISCoS - a detector-independent software for the on-ground testing and


  The ESA Packet Telemetry and Telecommand Standards accommodate the
requirements of a great variety of scientific space missions, thus providing a
standard basis for cost-effective and technically compatible developments of
on-board and on-ground data handling systems for a wide range of projects. This
paper describes the design and the implementation of a detector-independent
software, running on Unix platforms, which has been developed for the near real
time acquisition, archiving, and basic processing of the ESA based telemetry
and telecommand data produced during the on ground testing and calibration of
various X- and $\gamma$-ray space borne detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86853 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Brane-worlds


  We investigate brane-worlds with a pure magnetic field and a perfect fluid.
We extend earlier work to brane-worlds, and find new properties of the Bianchi
type I brane-world. We find new asymptotic behaviours on approach to the
singularity and classify the critical points of the dynamical phase space. It
is known that the Einstein equations for the magnetic Bianchi type I models are
in general oscillatory and are believed to be chaotic, but in the brane-world
model this chaotic behaviour does not seem to be possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5442 </DOCNO>
Exact Spectral Functions of a Non Fermi Liquid in 1 Dimension


  We study the exact one electron propagator and spectral function of a
solvable model of interacting electrons due to Schulz and Shastry. The solution
previously found for the energies and wave functions is extended to give the
spectral functions, which turn out to be computable, interesting and non
trivial. They provide one of the few examples of cases where the spectral
functions are known asymptotically as well as exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41214 </DOCNO>
The NuMI Hadronic Hose


  The Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam supplies an intense
$\nu_{\mu}$ beam to the Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS). The
$\nu_{\mu}$'s are derived from a secondary $\pi^+$ beam that is allowed to
decay within a 675 m decay tunnel. As part of this effort, we are developing a
continuous toroidal magnetic focusing system, called the Hadronic Hose, to
better steer the secondary beam. The Hose will both increase the net neutrino
flux reaching the MINOS detectors and reduce systematic differences in the
neutrino energy spectra at the two detectors due to solid angle acceptances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129366 </DOCNO>
On QSO Distances and Lifetimes in a Local Model


  It was previously shown from the redshifts and positions of the compact,
high-redshift objects near the Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 that they appear to have
been ejected from the center of the galaxy in at least four similarly
structured triplets. Here some of the consequences of assuming such a local
model for QSOs are examined. From the ages of the ejection events it is found
that in a relatively short time (10 - 100 million years) the intrinsic redshift
component in these objects disappears and their luminosity increases to a value
close to that of a normal galaxy. This period may then determine the
approximate lifetime of a QSO and, in this scenario, QSOs may represent the
first, short-lived stage in the life of a galaxy. It is shown that when QSOs
are assumed to be "local", their generation rate is found to be constant
throughout the age of the Universe. There is no need to invoke an epoch of
enhanced, high-luminosity QSO production as is required if their redshifts are
assumed to be purely cosmological. Because QSO lifetimes are relatively short
(less than 100 million yrs), an initial event (Big Bang) may still be required
to explain the high-redshift galaxies whose intrinsic redshift component will
have long since disappeared. The Hubble expansion is therefore still expected
to apply for normal galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127994 </DOCNO>
Rotation of the solar interior


  Helioseismology has allowed us to infer the rotation in the greater part of
the solar interior with high precision and resolution. The results show
interesting conflicts with earlier theoretical expectations, indicating that
the the Sun is host to complex dynamical phenomena, so far hardly understood.
This has important consequences for our ideas about the evolution of stellar
rotation, as well as for models for the generation of the solar magnetic field.
Here we provide an overview of our current knowledge about solar rotation, much
of it obtained from observations from the SOHO spacecraft, and discuss the
broader implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76968 </DOCNO>
Radiative return at NLO and the measurement of the hadronic


  Electron-positron annihilation into hadrons plus an energetic photon from
initial state radiation allows the hadronic cross-section to be measured over a
wide range of energies. The full next-to-leading order QED corrections for the
cross-section for e^+ e^- annihilation into a real tagged photon and a virtual
photon converting into hadrons are calculated where the tagged photon is
radiated off the initial electron or positron. This includes virtual and soft
photon corrections to the process e^+ e^- \to \gamma +\gamma^* and the emission
of two real hard photons: e^+ e^- \to \gamma + \gamma + \gamma^*. A Monte Carlo
generator has been constructed, which incorporates these corrections and
simulates the production of two charged pions or muons plus one or two photons.
Predictions are presented for centre-of-mass energies between 1 and 10 GeV,
corresponding to the energies of DAPHNE, CLEO-C and B-meson factories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3238 </DOCNO>
Reversed-Spin Quasiparticles in Fractional Quantum Hall Systems and


  The energy, interaction, and optical properties of reversed-spin
quasielectrons (QE_R's) in fractional quantum Hall systems are studied. Based
on the short range of the QE_R-QE_R repulsion, a partially unpolarized
incompressible nu=4/11 state is postulated within Haldane hierarchy scheme. To
describe photoluminescence, a reversed-spin fractionally charged exciton hQE_R
(QE_R bound to a valence hole h) is predicted. In contrast to its
spin-polarized analog, hQE_R is strongly bound and radiative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126433 </DOCNO>
Annihilation Radiation in the Galaxy


  Observations of annihilation radiation in the Galaxy are briefly reviewed. We
summarize astrophysical mechanisms leading to positron production, and recent
estimates for production rates from nova and supernova nucleosynthesis in the
Galaxy. The physical processes involved in the production of annihilation
radiation in the interstellar medium are described. These include positron
thermalization, charge exchange, radiative recombination, and direct
annihilation. Calculations of 2\gamma and 3\gamma spectra and the positronium
(Ps) fraction due to the annihilation of positrons in media containing H and He
at different temperatures and ionization states are presented. Quenching of Ps
by high temperature plasmas or dust could account for differences between 0.511
MeV and 3\gamma Ps continuum maps. These results are presented in the context
of the potential of INTEGRAL to map sites of annihilation radiation in the
Galaxy. Positron production by compact objects is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81382 </DOCNO>
Nonstandard Cutoff Effects in the Nonlinear Sigma Model


  High precision measurements of the renormalized zero-momentum 4-point
coupling g_R and of the Luscher-Weisz-Wolff running coupling gbar(L) = L*m(L)
performed with two different lattice actions in the non-perturbative region
confirm the earlier observations, that the cutoff effects look linear, in
contrast to perturbative considerations. The use of different actions allows
one to make a more reliable estimate on the continuum limit. The measurements
were done for infinite volume correlation length up to 350.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3241 </DOCNO>
Effects of anisotropic spin-exchange interactions in spin ladders


  We investigate the effects of the Dzialoshinskii-Moriya (DM) and
Kaplan-Shekhtman-Entin-Wohlman-Aharony (KSEA) interactions on various
thermodynamic and magnetic properties of a spin 1/2 ladder. Using the Majorana
fermion representation, we derive the spectrum of low energy excitations for a
pure DM interaction and in presence of a superimposed KSEA interaction. We
calculate the various correlation functions for both cases and discuss how they
are modified with respect to the case of an isotropic ladder. We also discuss
the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum of the system and show that it is
strongly influenced by the orientation of the magnetic field with respect to
the Dzialoshinskii-Moriya vector. Implications of our calculations for NMR and
ESR experiments on ladder systems are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114039 </DOCNO>
"Extended" Particles, Non Commutative Geometry and Unification


  A reconciliation of gravitation and electromagnetism has eluded physics for
neearly a century. It is argued here that this is because both quantum physics
and classical physics are set in differentiable space time manifolds with point
particles. Once we consider extended particles as in Quantum Superstring
theory, and the consequential underlying Non-Commutative geometry, then a
reconciliation is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75234 </DOCNO>
Chiral Lagrangians


  An overview of the field of Chiral Lagrangians is given. This includes Chiral
Perturbation Theory and resummations to extend it to higher energies,
applications to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$
and others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125430 </DOCNO>
Acoustic Oscillations in the Early Universe and Today


  During its first ~100,000 years, the universe was a fully ionized plasma with
a tight coupling by Thompson scattering between the photons and matter. The
trade--off between gravitational collapse and photon pressure causes acoustic
oscillations in this primordial fluid. These oscillations will leave
predictable imprints in the spectra of the cosmic microwave background and the
present day matter-density distribution. Recently, the BOOMERANG and MAXIMA
teams announced the detection of these acoustic oscillations in the cosmic
microwave background (observed at redshift ~1000). Here, we compare these CMB
detections with the corresponding acoustic oscillations in the matter-density
power spectrum (observed at redshift ~0.1). These consistent results, from two
different cosmological epochs, provide further support for our standard Hot Big
Bang model of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4725 </DOCNO>
Magnetic field induced control of breather dynamics in a single


  We present a theoretical study of inhomogeneous dynamic (resistive) states in
a single plaquette consisting of three Josephson junctions. Resonant
interactions of such a breather state with electromagnetic oscillations
manifest themselves by resonant current steps and voltage jumps in the
current-voltage characteristics. An externally applied magnetic field leads to
a variation of the relative shift between the Josephson current oscillations of
two resistive junctions. By making use of the rotation wave approximation
analysis and direct numerical simulations we show that this effect allows to
effectively control the breather instabilities, e. g. to increase (decrease)
the height of the resonant steps and to suppress the voltage jumps in the
current-voltage characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86160 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the gravitational constant $G$ in space (Project SEE):


  We describe some new estimates concerning the recently proposed SEE
(Satellite Energy Exchange) experiment for measuring the gravitational
interaction parameters in space. The experiment entails precision tracking of
the relative motion of two test bodies (a heavy "Shepherd", and a light
"Particle") on board a drag-free space capsule. The new estimates include (i)
the sensitivity of Particle trajectories and G measurement to the Shepherd
quadrupole moment uncertainties; (ii) the measurement errors of G and the
strength of a putative Yukawa-type force whose range parameter \lambda may be
either of the order of a few meters or close to the Earth radius; (iii) a
possible effect of the Van Allen radiation belts on the SEE experiment due to
test body electric charging. The main conclusions are that (i) the SEE concept
may allow one to measure G with an uncertainty smaller than 10^{-7} and a
progress up to 2 orders of magnitude is possible in the assessment of the
hypothetic Yukawa forces and (ii) van Allen charging of test bodies is a
problem of importance but it may be solved by the existing methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149525 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Geometry: Calculation of the Standard Model Lagrangian


  The calculation of the standard model Lagrangian of classical field theory
within the framework of noncommutative geometry is sketched using a variant
with 18 parameters. Improvements compared with the traditional formulation are
contrasted with remaining deviations from the requirements of physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 226 </DOCNO>
Critical Coarsening without Surface Tension: the Voter Universality


  We show that the two-dimensional voter model, usually considered to only be a
marginal coarsening system, represents a broad class of models for which
phase-ordering takes place without surface tension. We argue that voter-like
growth is generically observed at order-disorder nonequilibrium transitions
solely driven by interfacial noise between dynamically symmetric absorbing
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125727 </DOCNO>
The INES System IV: The IUE Absolute Flux Scale


  This paper deals with the definition of the input fluxes used for the
calibration of the IUE Final Archive. The method adopted consists on the
determination of the shape of the detector's sensitivity curves using IUE low
resolution observations with model fluxes of the DA white dwarf G191-B2B. A
scale factor was then determined so that the IUE observations of some bright
OAO-2 standards match the original measurements from Meade (1978) in the
spectral region 2100-2300 A. The ultraviolet fluxes of six standard stars used
as input for the Final Archive photometric calibration together with the model
fluxes of G191-B2B normalized to the OAO-2 scale are given. A comparison with
the independent FOS calibration shows that the IUE flux scale for the
Ultraviolet is 7.2% lower. We consider this mainly to be caused by the
different normalization procedures. It is shown that the present flux
calibration applies to spectra processed with the INES low resolution
extraction software.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41302 </DOCNO>
Bayesian analysis of neutrinos observed from supernova SN 1987A


  We present a Bayesian analysis of the energies and arrival times of the
neutrinos from supernova SN 1987A detected by the Kamiokande II, IMB, and
Baksan detectors, and find strong evidence for two components in the neutrino
signal: a long time scale component from thermal Kelvin-Helmholtz cooling of
the nascent neutron star, and a brief (~< 1 s), softer component similar to
that expected from emission by accreting material in the delayed supernova
scenario. In the context of this model, we show that the data constrain the
electron antineutrino rest mass to be less than 5.7 eV with 95% probability.
Our analysis takes advantage of significant advances that have occured in the
years since the detections in both our understanding of the supernova mechanism
and our ability to analyze sparse data. As a result there are substantial
differences between our inferences and those found in earlier studies. We find
that two-component models for the neutrino signal make the data >100 times more
probable than single-component models. In addition, the radius and binding
energy of the nascent neutron star implied by single-component models deviates
significantly from the values predicted by current neutron star models, whereas
those implied by models with an accretion component are in complete agreement
with the predictions. As a result, two-component models are hundreds to
thousands of times more probable than single-component models. The neutrino
data thus provide the first direct observational evidence in favor of the
delayed supernova scenario over the prompt scenario. (Abridged abstract)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95435 </DOCNO>
Classification of Finite-Dimensional Triangular Hopf Algebras With The


  Recall that a triangular Hopf algebra A is said to have the Chevalley
property if the tensor product of any two simple A-modules is semisimple, or,
equivalently, if the radical of A is a Hopf ideal. There are two reasons to
study this class of triangular Hopf algebras: First, it contains all known
examples of finite-dimensional triangular Hopf algebras; second, it can be, in
a sense, "completely understood". Namely, it was shown in our previous work
with Andruskiewitsch that any finite-dimensional triangular Hopf algebra with
the Chevalley property is obtained by twisting of a finite-dimensional
triangular Hopf algebra with R-matrix of rank at most 2 which, in turn, is
obtained by "modifying" the group algebra of a finite supergroup. This provides
a classification of such Hopf algebras.
  The goal of this paper is to make this classification more effective and
explicit, i.e. to parameterize isomorphism classes of finite-dimensional
triangular Hopf algebras with the Chevalley property by group-theoretical
objects, similarly to how it was done in our previous work in the semisimple
case. This is achieved in Theorem 2.2, where these classes are put in bijection
with certain septuples of data. In the semisimple case, the septuples reduce to
the quadruples, and we recover the result of our previous paper. In the minimal
triangular pointed case, we recover a classification theorem from a previous
paper of the second author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168494 </DOCNO>
Introducing Quantum Discord


  Two classically identical expressions for the mutual information generally
differ when the two systems involved are quantum. We investigate this
difference -- quantum discord -- and show that it can be used as a criterion
for the classicality of the correlations. We also show that quantum discord can
be used for describing the selection of the preferred, effectively classical,
pointer states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74369 </DOCNO>
The EPR-paradox in massive systems or about strange particles


  We give an introduction to an entangled massive system, specifically the
neutral kaon system, which has similarities to the entangled two photon system,
but, however, also challenging differences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148462 </DOCNO>
Absence of Higher Order Corrections to Noncommutative Chern-Simons


  We analyze the structure of noncommutative pure Chern-Simons theory
systematically in the axial gauge. We show that there is no IR/UV mixing in
this theory in this gauge. In fact, we show, using the usual BRST identities as
well as the identities following from vector supersymmetry, that this is a free
theory. As a result, the tree level Chern-Simons coefficient is not
renormalized. It also holds that the Chern-Simons coefficient is not modified
at finite temperature. As a byproduct of our analysis, we prove that the ghosts
completely decouple in the axial gauge in a noncommutative gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41552 </DOCNO>
Production of J/psi Mesons at HERA


  Inelastic and diffractive production of J/psi mesons at HERA is reviewed. The
data on inelastic photoproduction are described well within errors by the
Colour Singlet Model in next-to-leading order. A search for colour octet
processes predicted within the NRQCD/factorisation approach is conducted in
many regions of phase space. No unambiguous evidence has been found to date.
Diffractive elastic production of J/psi mesons has been measured in the limit
of photoproduction up to the highest photon proton center of mass energies. The
increase of the cross section is described by pQCD models. At larger Q^2, the W
dependence is found to be similar to that observed in photoproduction. First
analyses of data at high t yield a powerlike dependence on |t|. A LO BFKL
calculation gives a good description of the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97350 </DOCNO>
Alcoves et p-rang des vari\'et\'es ab\'eliennes


  We study the relation between the $p$-rank of abelian varieties in
characteristic $p$ and the Kottwitz-Rapoport's stratification of the special
fiber modulo $p$ of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties
with Iwahori type level structure on $p$. In particular, the density of the
ordinary locus in that special fiber is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7580 </DOCNO>
Tc for non s-wave pairing superconductors correlated with coherence


  For unconventional heavy Fermion superconductors, typified by UBe_13, the
superconducting transition temperatures Tc are shown to correlate with a
characteristic energy hbar^2 /(m* xi^2), m* being the effective mass and xi the
coherence length. For four of the six materials for which Tc, m* and xi are
available, kB Tc ~ 20 hbar^2 / (m* xi^2). One heavy Fermion material,
UPd_2Al_3, reveals a tendency for the above linear behaviour to saturate at
substantially larger hbar^2 / (m* xi^2) than for UBe_13. The sixth material
considered, URu_2Si_2, falls between UBe_13 and UPd_2Al_3. To embrace d-wave
pairing in cuprates, a log-log plot reveals that kB Tc ~ hbar^2 / (m* xi^2),
but more materials for which m* and xi are measured will be required to
substantiate the correlation in these high-Tc substances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75861 </DOCNO>
Relativistic N-Boson Systems Bound by Oscillator Pair Potentials


  We study the lowest energy E of a relativistic system of N identical bosons
bound by harmonic-oscillator pair potentials in three spatial dimensions. In
natural units the system has the semirelativistic ``spinless-Salpeter''
Hamiltonian H = \sum_{i=1}^N \sqrt{m^2 + p_i^2} + \sum_{j>i=1}^N gamma |r_i -
r_j|^2, gamma > 0. We derive the following energy bounds: E(N) = min_{r>0} [N
(m^2 + 2 (N-1) P^2 / (N r^2))^1/2 + N (N-1) gamma r^2 / 2], N \ge 2, where
P=1.376 yields a lower bound and P=3/2 yields an upper bound for all N \ge 2. A
sharper lower bound is given by the function P = P(m) which makes the formula
for E(2) exact: with this choice of P, the bounds coincide for all N \ge 2 in
the Schroedinger limit m \to \infty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1526 </DOCNO>
Fragility and Boson Peak formation in a Supercooled Liquid


  We analyze results for the Boson Peak from the neutron time of flight
spectroscopy data on Ge-As-Se, and Raman spectra data on m-TCP and OTP, using a
recent mode coupling model that takes into account the coupling of density
fluctuations with vibrational modes in presence of defects in the supercooled
state.
  From the experimental results for different materials we observe that for
more fragile systems characterized by increasing fragility parameter m, a
slower relaxation of the defect-density correlation is needed to give rise to
the observed peak in the spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83848 </DOCNO>
Profiling Internet Users' Participation in Social Change Agendas: An


  New computer-mediated channels of communication are action oriented and have
the ability to deliver information and dialogue - moderated and unmoderated -
which can facilitate the bringing together of a series of society's
stakeholders, opinion leaders and change agents, who have the ability to
influence social action. However, existing online studies have been limited in
explaining Internet users' willingness to participate in social change agendas
online. They have relied predominately on basic demographic descriptors such as
age, education, income and access to technology and have ignored, social,
psychological and attitudinal variables that may explain online participation
and social change. The authors propose a Q methodology research approach better
evaluate Internet users participation in online social change agendas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7360 </DOCNO>
Van Hove Singularities in disordered multichannel quantum wires and


  We present a theory for the van Hove singularity (VHS) in the tunneling
density of states (TDOS) of disordered multichannel quantum wires, with
particular focus on multi-wall carbon nanotubes. We assume close-by gates which
screen off electron-electron interactions, leading to the picture of
non-interacting random Dirac fermions on a cylinder. By using diagrammatic
perturbation theory within a non-crossing approximation which is valid over a
wide parameter region, we obtain closed analytical expressions governing the
disorder-induced broadening and shift of VHS's as new subbands are opened. This
problem is nontrivial because the (lowest-order) Born approximation breaks down
close to the VHS. Interestingly, the boundary TDOS shows drastically altered
VHS, even in the clean limit. The typical $1/\sqrt{E-E_n}$ dependence of the
VHS turns into a $\sqrt{E-E_n}$ behavior close to the boundary, where $E_n$ is
the threshold energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41636 </DOCNO>
Large Quark Rotations Neutrino Oscillations and Proton Decay


  The large freedom in the SM fermionic mass matrices allows for large LH and
LH quark rotations. This is a natural possibility in view of the observed large
leptonic mixing. Proton decay and especially its gauge mediated decay is
sensitive also to those mixing angles which are non-relevant in the SM. A model
with realistic mass matrices and large rotations is presented.. It is shown
that the large leptonic mixing leads to enhancement of the proton decay
branching ratios involving muons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1806 </DOCNO>
Quantum and Thermal Phase Transitions of Halogen-Bridged Binuclear


  Aiming to settle the controversial observations for halogen-bridged binuclear
transition-metal (MMX) complexes, finite-temperature Hartree-Fock calculations
are performed for a relevant two-band Peierls-Hubbard model. Thermal, as well
as quantum, phase transitions are investigated with particular emphasis on the
competition between electron itinerancy, electron-phonon interaction and
electron-electron correlation. Recently observed distinct thermal behaviors of
two typical MMX compounds Pt_2(CH_3CS_2)_4I and
(NH_4)_4[Pt_2(P_2O_5H_2)_4I]2H_2O are supported and further tuning of their
electronic states is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75914 </DOCNO>
Soliton Models for the Nucleon and Predictions for the Nucleon Spin


  In these lectures the three flavor soliton approach for baryons is reviewed.
Effects of flavor symmetry breaking in the baryon wave--functions on axial
current matrix elements are discussed. A bosonized chiral quark model is
considered to outline the computation of spin dependent nucleon structure
functions in the soliton picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73283 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution of Global Monopoles


  We investigate the cosmological evolution of global monopoles in the
radiation dominated (RD) and matter dominated (MD) universes by numerically
solving field equations of scalar fields. It is shown that the global monopole
network relaxes into the scaling regime, unlike the gauge monopole network. The
number density of global monopoles is given by $n(t) \simeq (0.43\pm0.07) /
t^{3}$ during the RD era and $n(t) \simeq (0.25\pm0.05) / t^{3}$ during the MD
era. Thus, we have confirmed that density fluctuations produced by global
monopoles become scale invariant and are given by $\delta \rho \sim 7.2(5.0)
\sigma^{2} / t^{2} $ during the RD (MD) era, where $\sigma$ is the breaking
scale of the symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96432 </DOCNO>
Quotients of finite-dimensional quasi-normed spaces


  We study the existence of cubic quotients of finite-dimensional quasi-normed
spaces, that is, quotients well isomorphic to $\ell_{\infty}^k$ for some $k.$
We give two results of this nature. The first guarantees a proportional
dimensional cubic quotient when the envelope is cubic; the second gives an
estimate for the size of a cubic quotient in terms of a measure of
non-convexity of the quasi-norm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3000 </DOCNO>
Wigner Crystals in the lowest Landau level at low filling factors


  We report on results of finite-size numerical studies of partially filled
lowest Landau level at low electron filling factors. We find convincing
evidence suggesting that electrons form Wigner Crystals at sufficiently low
filling factors, and the critical filling factor is close to 1/7. At nu=1/7 we
find the system undergoes a phase transition from Wigner Crystal to the
incompressible Laughlin state when the short-range part of the Coulomb
interaction is modified slightly. This transition is either continuous or very
weakly first order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 713 </DOCNO>
From Rational Bubbles to Crashes


  We study and generalize in various ways the model of rational expectation
(RE) bubbles introduced by Blanchard and Watson in the economic literature.
First, bubbles are argued to be the equivalent of Goldstone modes of the
fundamental rational pricing equation, associated with the symmetry-breaking
introduced by non-vanishing dividends. Generalizing bubbles in terms of
multiplicative stochastic maps, we summarize the result of Lux and Sornette
that the no-arbitrage condition imposes that the tail of the return
distribution is hyperbolic with an exponent mu<1. We then extend the RE bubble
model to arbitrary dimensions d and, with the renewal theory for products of
random matrices applied to stochastic recurrence equations, we extend the
theorem of Lux and Sornette to demonstrate that the tails of the unconditional
distributions follow power laws, with the same asymptotic tail exponent mu<1
for all assets. Two extensions (the crash hazard rate model and the
non-stationary growth rate model) of the RE bubble model provide ways of
reconciliation with the stylized facts of financial data. The later model
allows for an understanding of the breakdown of the fundamental valuation
formula as deeply associated with a spontaneous breaking of the price symmetry.
Its implementation for multi-dimensional bubbles explains why the tail index mu
seems to be the same for any group af assets as observed empirically. This work
begs for the introduction of a generalized field theory which would be able to
capture the spontaneous breaking of symmetry, recover the fundamental valuation
formula in the normal economic case and extend it to the still unexplored
regime where the economic growth rate is larger than the discount growth rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125713 </DOCNO>
Infrared Spectroscopy of Substellar Objects in Orion


  We present broad band spectra of a sample of 21 low luminosity sources in the
Trapezium Cluster, with masses in the range 0.008 - 0.10 Msun (assuming an age
of 1 Myr). These were selected for low extinction in most cases and are located
west of the brighter nebulosity. The spectra are in the H bandpass (1.4-1.95
um) and K bandpass (1.9-2.5 um) also for most of the brighter sources, with a
resolution of 50 nm. They were taken with UKIRT using the CGS4 spectrometer.
Absorption by water vapour bands is detected in all the substellar candidates
except one, which is a highly reddened object with strong H2 emission and an
anomalously blue (I-J) colour, implying that it is a very young cluster member
with circumstellar matter. The observation of prominent water vapour bands
confirms the low Effective Temperatures implied by our (I-J) colour
measurements in an earlier paper and would imply late M or L spectral types if
these were older field dwarfs. However, the profiles of the H bandpass spectra
are very different from those of field dwarfs with similar water absorption
strength, demonstrating that they are not foreground or background objects. In
addition, the CO absorption bands at 2.3 um and the NaI absorption feature at
2.21 um are very weak for such cool sources. All these features are quite well
reproduced by the AMES-Dusty-1999 model atmospheres of Allard et
al.(2000,2001), and arise from the low gravities predicted for the Trapezium
sources. This represents a new proof of the substellar status of our sources,
independent of the statistical arguments for low contamination, which are
reexamined here. The very late spectral types of the planetary mass objects and
very low mass brown dwarfs demonstrate that they are cluster members, since
they are too luminous to be field dwarfs in the background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73948 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Form Factors in the Space- and Timelike Regions


  Dispersion relations provide a powerful tool to describe the electromagnetic
form factors of the nucleon both in the spacelike and timelike regions with
constraints from unitarity and perturbative QCD. We give a brief introduction
into dispersion theory for nucleon form factors and present results from a
recent form factor analysis. Particular emphasis is given to the form factors
in the timelike region. Furthermore, some recent results for the spacelike form
factors at low momentum transfer from a ChPT calculation by Kubis and Meissner
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4586 </DOCNO>
Getting More from Pushing Less: Negative Specific Heat and Conductivity


  For students familiar with equilibrium statistical mechanics, the notion of a
positive specific heat, being intimately related to the idea of stability, is
both intuitively reasonable and mathematically provable. However, for system in
non-equilibrium stationary states, coupled to more than one energy reservoir
(e.g., thermal bath), negative specific heat is entirely possible. In this
paper, we present a ``minimal'' system displaying this phenomenon. Being in
contact with two thermal baths at different temperatures, the (internal) energy
of this system may increase when a thermostat is turned down. In another
context, a similar phenomenon is negative conductivity, where a current may
increase by decreasing the drive (e.g., an external electric field). The
counter-intuitive behavior in both processes may be described as `` getting
more from pushing less.'' The crucial ingredients for this phenomenon and the
elements needed for a ``minimal'' system are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97906 </DOCNO>
Natural Associativity without the Pentagon condition


  A premonoidal category is equipped only with a bifunctor and a natural
isomorphism for associativity. We introduce a (deformation) natural
automorphism representing the deviation from the Pentagon condition. We uncover
a binary tree representation for all diagrams involving associativity natural
isomorphisms and (deformation) natural automorphisms and provide a link to
permutations and linear orderings. This leads to other notions of
premonoidalness. We define these notions and prove coherence results for each.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72838 </DOCNO>
Field Theory Correlators and String Theory


  It appears that string-M-theory is the only viable candidate for a complete
theory of matter. It must therefore contain both gravity and QCD. What is
particularly surprising is the recent conjecture that strongly coupled QCD
matrix elements can be evaluated though a duality with weakly coupled gravity.
To date there has been no direct verification of this conjecture by Maldacena
because of the difficulty of direct strong coupling calculations in gauge
theories. We report here on some progress in evaluating a gauge-invariant
correlator in the non-perturbative regime in two and three dimensions in SYM
theories. The calculations are made using supersymmetric discrete light-cone
quantization (SDLCQ). We consider a Maldacena-type conjecture applied to the
near horizon geometry of a D1-brane in the supergravity approximation, solve
the corresponding N=(8,8) SYM theory in two dimensions, and evaluate the
correlator of the stress-energy tensor. Our numerical results support the
Maldacena conjecture and are within 10-15% of the predicted results. We also
present a calculation of the stress-energy correlator in N=1 SYM theory in 2+1
dimensions. While there is no known duality relatingthis theory to
supergravity, the theory does have massless BPS states, and the correlator
gives important information about the BPS wave function in the non-perturbative
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124016 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Outflowing OVI in the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy


  We report FUSE far-UV spectroscopy of the prototypical dwarf starburst galaxy
NGC 1705. These data allow us for the first time to probe the coronal-phase gas
(T = 10E5 to 10E6 K) that may dominate the radiative cooling of the
supernova-heated ISM and thereby determine the dynamical evolution of
starburst-driven outflows. We detect a broad (100 km/s) and blueshifted (by 80
km/s) OVI absorption-line arising in the previously-known galactic outflow. The
properties of the OVI absorption are inconsistent with the standard superbubble
model in which this gas arises in a conductive interface inside the outer
shell. We show that the superbubble in NGC 1705 is blowing out of the galaxy
ISM. During blow-out, coronal-phase gas can be created by hydrodynamical mixing
as hot gas rushes out through fissures in the fragmenting shell of cool gas. As
the coronal gas cools radiatively, it can naturally produce the observed OVI
column density and outflow speed. The OVI data show that the cooling rate in
the coronal-phase gas is less than about 10% of the supernova heating rate.
Since the X-ray luminosity from hotter gas is even smaller, we conclude that
radiative losses are insignificant. The outflow should be able to vent its
metals and kinetic energy out of the galaxy. This process has potentially
important implications for the evolution of dwarf galaxies and the IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129343 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Supernovae from Magneto-Centrifugal Jets


  Strong toroidal magnetic fields generated in stellar collapse can generate
magneto-centrifugal jets in analogy to those found in simulations of black hole
accretion and explain why all core collapse supernovae are found to be
substantially asymmetric and predominantly bi-polar. We describe two phases:
the initial LeBlanc-Wilson jet and a subsequent protopulsar or toroidal jet
that propagates at about the core escape velocity. The jets will produce bow
shocks that tend to expel matter, including iron and silicon, into equatorial
tori, accounting for observations of the element distribution in Cas A. A
magnetic ``switch'' mechanism may apply in instances of low density and large
magnetic field with subsequent increase in the speed and collimation of the
toroidal jet, depositing relatively little momentum. The result could be enough
infall to form a black hole with a third, highly relativistic jet that could
catch up to the protopulsar jet after it has emerged from the star. The
interaction of these two jets could generate internal shocks and explain the
presence of iron lines in the afterglow. Recent estimates that typical
gamma-ray burst energy is about 3x10^50 erg imply either a very low efficiency
for conversion of rotation into jets, or a rather rapid turnoff of the jet
process even though the black hole still rotates rapidly. Magnetars and
``hypernovae'' might arise in an intermediate parameter regime of energetic
jets that yield larger magnetic fields and provide more energy than the routine
case, but that are not so tightly collimated that they yield failed supernova.
(slightly abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6995 </DOCNO>
Study of Magnetic Excitation in Singlet-Ground-State Magnets CsFeCl$_3$


  The temperature dependences of spin-lattice relaxation time $T_1$ of
$^{133}$Cs in CsFeCl$_3$ and $^{87}$Rb in RbFeCl$_3$ were measured in the
temperature range between 1.5 K and 22 K, at various fields up to 7 T applied
parallel (or perpendicular) to the c-axis, and the analysis was made on the
basis of the DCEFA. The mechanism of the nuclear magnetic relaxation is
interpreted in terms of the magnetic fluctuations which are characterized by
the singlet ground state system. In the field region where the phase transition
occurs, $T_1^{-1}$ exhibited the tendency of divergence near $T_{\rm N}$, and
this feature was ascribed to the transverse spin fluctuation associated with
the mode softening at the $K$-point. It was found that the damping constant of
the soft mode is remarkably affected by the occurrence of the magnetic ordering
at lower temperature, and increases largely in the field region where the phase
transition occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168571 </DOCNO>
Is entanglement observer-dependent?


  The properties of quantum entanglement are examined and the role of the
observer is pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97229 </DOCNO>
A note on the classification of naturally graded Lie algebras with


  For sufficiently high dimensions, the naturally graded nonsplit nilpotent Lie
algebras with linear characteristic sequence are classified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86150 </DOCNO>
Asymmetry of Hawking Radiation of Dirac Particles in a Charged Vaidya -


  The Hawking radiation of Dirac particles in a charged Vaidya - de Sitter
black hole is investigated by using the method of generalized tortoise
coordinate transformation. It is shown that the Hawking radiation of Dirac
particles does not exist for $P_1, Q_2$ components, but for $P_2, Q_1$
components it does. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon
change with time. The thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is the same
as that of Klein-Gordon particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169022 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Evolution of a Quasi-Stationary State"


  Approximately forty years ago it was realized that the time development of
decaying systems might not be precisely exponential. Rolf Winter (Phys. Rev.
{\bf 123}, 1503 (1961)) analyzed the simplest nontrivial system - a particle
tunneling out of a well formed by a wall and a delta-function. He calculated
the probability current just outside the well and found irregular oscillations
on a short time scale followed by an exponential decrease followed by more
oscillations and finally by a decrease as a power of the time. We have
reanalyzed this system, concentrating on the survival probability of the
particle in the well rather than the probability current, and find a different
short time behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73674 </DOCNO>
Large and infinite extra dimensions


  The emphasis in the developmet of theories with more than three spatial
dimensions has recently shifted towards ``brane world'' picture, which assumes
that ordinary matter (with possible exceptions of gravitons and other,
hypothetic, particles which interact very weakly with matter) is trapped to a
three-dimensional submanifold --- brane --- embedded in fundamental
multi-dimensional space. In the brane world scenario, extra dimensions may be
large, and even infinite; they may have effects, directly observable in current
or fothcoming experiments. On the basis of simple field-theoretic models,
various ideas in this direction are exposed at a non-expert level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126378 </DOCNO>
Large scale ionization of the Radio Arc region by the Quintuplet and the


  (Short version) We present an analysis of selected fine structure lines
observed ISO toward the Radio Arc in the Galactic center region (GCR). We study
the density of the ionized gas and the large scale ionization structure in a
region of ~30x30 pc^2 by means of the NeIII 15.6 mum/NeII 12.8 mum and NIII 57
mum/NII 122 mum line ratios. The electron densities (n_e) derived from the OIII
lines ratio indicate the presence of diffuse ionized material with n_e of
\~10^{1.8-2.6} cm^{-3}. The NIII/NII ratio show two clear gradients, one
pointing toward the Quintuplet cluster and the other pointing toward the Arches
cluster. The model used to explain the ionization structure shows that the
large scale ionization of the whole region can be accounted for by the UV
radiation produced by the Quintuplet and the Arches cluster. Any other
ionization mechanism should play a minor role. We also investigate the
influence of the clusters on the bubble of warm dust seen in the MSX infrared
images. The warm dust is well correlated with the ionized gas indicating that
the dust is also heated by the radiation from both clusters. Furthermore, the
elliptical rather than circular symmetry of some structures like the Thermal
Filaments can also be explained when one considers the combined effects of both
the Arches and the Quintuplet clusters. The bubble is filled with continuum
emission of hard X rays and with emision from the 6.4 keV line of neutral or
low ionized Fe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 952 </DOCNO>
Formal Considerations about Fracture: Nucleation and Growth


  In this paper, we'll answer several abstract, formal questions about the
nature of crack growth and nucleation. Bringing a field theory point of view to
fracture illuminates things in what I hope will be an entertaining way.
  Formally, what is the crack nucleation rate? Fracture is an instability of
elastic theory under tension. For thermally nucleated cracks, there is an
analogy with supercooled liquids. Here the crack nucleation rate can be thought
of as an imaginary part of the free energy - giving the decay rate of the
metastable, stretched material. As an amusing consequence, we can formally
calculate the asymptotic form for the high-order nonlinear elastic
coefficients, and explicitly show that elastic theory has zero radius of
convergence.
  Formally, can we derive the the crack growth laws from symmetry? We can
describe mixed-mode three-dimensional fracture as a moving curve in space,
decorated with a description of the local crack plane, and driven by the stress
intensity factors along the crack. Imposing the symmetries gives us the form of
the crack growth laws in two dimensions, explaining the (well-known) fact that
cracks under shear (mode II) abruptly turn until the stress becomes purely
extensional (mode I). The form of the crack growth law in three dimensions will
be derived, and linear stability analysis for mixed-mode fracture will be
briefly summarized, with connection to factory-roof morphologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76394 </DOCNO>
Breit Hamiltonian and QED Effects for Spinless Particles


  We describe a simplified derivation for the relativistic corrections of order
$\alpha^4$ for a bound system consisting of two spinless particles. We devote
special attention to pionium, the bound system of two oppositely charged pions.
The leading quantum electrodynamic (QED) correction to the energy levels is of
the order of $\alpha^3$ and due to electronic vacuum polarization. We analyze
further corrections due to the self-energy of the pions, and due to recoil
effects, and we give a complete result for the scalar-QED leading logarithmic
corrections which are due to virtual loops involving only the scalar
constituent particles (the pions); these corrections are of order $\alpha^5 \ln
\alpha$ for S states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5721 </DOCNO>
A microscopic quantum dynamics approach to the dilute condensed Bose gas


  We derive quantum evolution equations for the dynamics of dilute condensed
Bose gases. The approach contains, at different orders of approximation, for
cases close to equilibrium, the Gross Pitaevskii equation and the first order
Hartree Fock Bogoliubov theory. The proposed approach is also suited for the
description of the dynamics of condensed gases which are far away from
equilibrium. As an example the scattering of two Bose condensates is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149802 </DOCNO>
Conformal Correlation Functions, Frobenius Algebras and Triangulations


  We formulate two-dimensional rational conformal field theory as a natural
generalization of two-dimensional lattice topological field theory. To this end
we lift various structures from complex vector spaces to modular tensor
categories. The central ingredient is a special Frobenius algebra object A in
the modular category that encodes the Moore-Seiberg data of the underlying
chiral CFT. Just like for lattice TFTs, this algebra is itself not an
observable quantity. Rather, Morita equivalent algebras give rise to equivalent
theories. Morita equivalence also allows for a simple understanding of
T-duality.
  We present a construction of correlators, based on a triangulation of the
world sheet, that generalizes the one in lattice TFTs. These correlators are
modular invariant and satisfy factorization rules. The construction works for
arbitrary orientable world sheets, in particular for surfaces with boundary.
Boundary conditions correspond to representations of the algebra A. The
partition functions on the torus and on the annulus provide modular invariants
and NIM-reps of the fusion rules, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75307 </DOCNO>
Radiative decays of basic scalar, vector and tensor mesons and the


  We perform simultaneous calculations of the radiative decays of scalar mesons
f_0(980)-> \gamma\gamma, a_0(980)-> \gamma\gamma, vector meson \phi(1020)->
\gamma f_0(980), \gamma a_0(980), \gamma \pi^0, \gamma \eta, \gamma \eta' and
tensor mesons a_2(1320)-> \gamma\gamma, f_2(1270)-> \gamma\gamma, f_2(1525)->
\gamma\gamma assuming all these states to be dominantly the q\bar q ones. A
good description of the considered radiative decays is reached by using almost
the same radial wave functions for scalar and tensor mesons that supports the
idea for the f_0(980), a_0(980) and a_2(1320), f_2(1270), f_2(1525) to belong
to the same P -wave q\bar q multiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76454 </DOCNO>
D-brane Models with Non-Linear Supersymmetry


  We study a class of type I string models with supersymmetry broken on the
world-volume of some D-branes and vanishing tree-level potential. Despite the
non-supersymmetric spectrum, supersymmetry is non-linearly realized on these
D-branes, while it is spontaneously broken in the bulk by Scherk-Schwarz
boundary conditions. These models can easily accommodate 3-branes with
interesting gauge groups and chiral fermions. We also study the effective field
theory and in particular we compute the four-fermion couplings of the localized
Goldstino with the matter fermions on the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86886 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the possible evolution of the Gravitational Constant from


  Recent high-redshift Type Ia supernovae results can be used to set new bounds
on a possible variation of the gravitational constant $G$. If the local value
of $G$ at the space-time location of distant supernovae is different, it would
change both the kinetic energy release and the amount of $^{56}$Ni synthesized
in the supernova outburst. Both effects are related to a change in the
Chandrasekhar mass $M_{Ch} \propto G^{-3/2}$. In addition, the integrated
variation of $G$ with time would also affect the cosmic evolution and therefore
the luminosity distance relation. We show that the later effect in the
magnitudes of Type Ia supernovae is typically several times smaller than the
change produced by the corresponding variation of the Chandrasekhar mass. We
investigate in a consistent way how a varying $G$ could modify the Hubble
diagram of Type Ia supernovae and how these results can be used to set upper
bounds to a hypothetical variation of $G$. We find $G/G_0 \la 1.1$ and $G'/G
\la 10^{-11} yr^{-1}$ at redshifts $z\simeq 0.5$. These new bounds extend the
currently available constrains on the evolution of $G$ all the way from solar
and stellar distances to typical scales of Gpc/Gyr, i.e. by more than 15 orders
of magnitudes in time and distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113881 </DOCNO>
Deflection of Molecules by a Homogeneous Electric Field: A New Effect


  In this work, we put forward a theoretical explanation of a peculiar effect
found very recently (A. Gonzalez Urena et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 341 (2001)
495). They have observed the deflection of a beam of molecules posessing a
permanent electric dipole moment by a homogeneous electric field when a
resonant oscillating field is superposed transverse to the static one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123599 </DOCNO>
Deep Observations of Lyman Break Galaxies


  We summarise the main results of recent work on the Lyman break galaxy
population which takes advantage of newly commissioned instrumentation on the
VLT and Keck telescopes to push the detection of these objects to new
wavelengths and more sensitive limits. We focus in particular on near-infrared
observations targeted at detecting emission lines of [O II], [O III], and
H-beta and on the first tentative detection of Lyman continuum emission from
star forming galaxies at z = 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125606 </DOCNO>
Serendipitously Detected Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field


  We present a catalog of 74 galaxies detected serendipitously during a
campaign of spectroscopic observations of the Hubble Deep Field North (HDF) and
its environs. Among the identified objects are five candidate Ly-alpha emitters
at z > 5, a galaxy cluster at z = 0.85, and a Chandra source with a heretofore
undetermined redshift of z = 2.011. We report redshifts for 25 galaxies in the
central HDF, 13 of which had no prior published spectroscopic redshift. Of the
remaining 49 galaxies, 30 are located in the single-orbit HDF Flanking Fields.
We discuss the redshift distribution of the serendipitous sample, which
contains galaxies in the range 0.10 < z < 5.77 with a median redshift of z =
0.85, and we present strong evidence for redshift clustering. By comparing our
spectroscopic redshifts to optical/IR photometric studies of the HDF, we find
that photometric redshifts are in most cases capable of producing reasonable
predictions of galaxy redshifts. Finally, we estimate the line-of-sight
velocity dispersion and the corresponding mass and expected X-ray luminosity of
the galaxy cluster, we present strong arguments for interpreting the Chandra
source as an obscured AGN, and we discuss in detail the spectrum of one of the
candidate z > 5 Ly-alpha emitters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86618 </DOCNO>
Energy and angular momentum flow into a black hole in a binary


  As a black hole in a binary spirals in gradually from large separation,
energy and angular momentum flow not only to infinity but also into or out of
the hole. In addition, the hole's horizon area increases slowly during this
process. In this paper, the changes in the black hole's mass, spin, and horizon
area during inspiral are calculated for a hole in a circular binary with a
companion body of possibly comparable mass. When the binary is composed of
equal-mass black holes that have spins aligned with the orbital angular
momentum and are rapidly rotating (with spins 99.8 percent of their maximal
values), it is found that the fractional increase in the surface area of each
hole's horizon is one percent by the time the binary spirals down to a
separation b of 6M (where M is the binary's total mass), and seven percent down
to b=2M. The flow of energy and angular momentum into the black holes' horizons
changes the number of gravitational-wave cycles in the LIGO band by no more
than a tenth of a cycle by the time the binary reaches b=2M. The results
obtained in this paper are relevant for the detection and analysis of
gravitational waves from binary systems containing a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174800 </DOCNO>
Flavor Asymmetry of Light Quarks in the Nucleon Sea


  A surprisingly large asymmetry between the up and down sea quark
distributions in the nucleon has been observed in recent deep inelastic
scattering and Drell-Yan experiments. This result strongly suggests that the
mesonic degrees of freedom play an important role in the description of the
parton distributions of the hadronic sea. In this article, we review the
current status of our knowledge of the flavor structure of the nucleon sea. The
implications of various theoretical models as well as possible future
measurements are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73893 </DOCNO>
CP violation and modular symmetries


  We reconsider the origin of CP violation in fundamental theory. Existing
string models of spontaneous CP violation make ambiguous predictions, due to
the arbitrariness of CP transformation and the apparent non-invariance of the
results under duality. We find an unambiguous modular CP invariance condition,
applicable to predictive models of spontaneous CP violation, which circumvents
these problems; it strongly constrains CP violation by heterotic string moduli.
The dilaton is also evaluated as a source of CP violation, but is likely
experimentally excluded. We consider the prospects for explaining CP violation
in strongly-coupled strings and brane worlds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127077 </DOCNO>
Symmetry properties of the large-scale solar magnetic field


  We investigate symmetry properties of the solar magnetic field in the
framework of the linear Parker's migratory dynamo model. We show that the
problem can be mapped onto the well-known quantum-mechanical double-well
problem. Using the WKB approximation, we construct analytical solutions for the
dipole and quadrupole configurations of the generated magnetic field. Our
asymptotic analysis within the equatorial region indicates the existence of an
additional weak dynamo wave which violates the Hale's polarity law. We estimate
the spatial decay decrement of this wave. We also calculate explicitly the
splitting of the eigenvalues corresponding to the dipole and quadrupole modes.
The real part of the dipole eigenvalue is shown to exceed the quadrupole one. A
sufficiently long time after generation the dipole mode should dominate the
quadrupole one. The relevant observational evidences of the properties obtained
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1721 </DOCNO>
Gap Anisotropy and de Haas-van Alphen Effect in Type-II Superconductors


  We present a theoretical study on the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillation
in the vortex state of type-II superconductors, with a special focus on the
connection between the gap anisotropy and the oscillation damping. Numerical
calculations for three different gap structures clearly indicate that the
average gap along extremal orbits is relevant for the magnitude of the extra
damping, thereby providing a support for experimental efforts to probe gap
anisotropy through the dHvA signal. We also derive an analytic formula for the
extra damping which gives a good fit to the numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7342 </DOCNO>
Scaling of level statistics at the metal-insulator transition


  Using the Anderson model for disordered systems the fluctuations in electron
spectra near the metal--insulator transition were numerically calculated for
lattices of sizes up to 28 x 28 x 28 sites. The results show a finite--size
scaling of both the level spacing distribution and the variance of number of
states in a given energy interval, that allows to locate the critical point and
to determine the critical exponent of the localization length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126665 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum and Accurate Location of GRS 1758-258


  We observed the "micro-quasar" GRS 1758-258 four times with Chandra. Two
HRC-I observations were made in 2000 September-October spanning an
intermediate-to-hard spectral transition (identified with RXTE). Another HRC-I
and an ACIS/HETGS observation were made in 2001 March following a hard-to-soft
transition to a very low flux state. The accurate position (J2000) of the X-ray
source is RA= 18 01 12.40, Dec= -25 44 36.0 (90% confidence radius = 0".6),
consistent with the purported variable radio counterpart. All images are
consistent with GRS 1758-258 being a point source, indicating that any bright
jet is less than ~1 light-month in projected length, assuming a distance of 8.5
kpc. The March spectrum is well-fit with a multi-color disk-blackbody with an
inner temperature of 0.50+/-0.01 keV, interstellar absorption of nH = (1.59 +/-
0.05)x10^22 cm^-2, and (un-absorbed) 1-10 keV luminosity of
(4.5x10^36)(D/8.5kpc)^2 ergs/sec. No narrow emission lines are apparent in the
spectrum and upper limits to line equivalent widths are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168699 </DOCNO>
Detection and correction of errors with quantum tomography


  It is shown that quantum tomography can detect and correct unlimited number
of errors during the evaluation of quantum algorithms on quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113587 </DOCNO>
On the relativistic origin of inertia and zero-point forces


  Current approaches to the problem of inertia attempt to explain the inertial
properties of matter by expressing the inertial mass appearing in Newton's
second law of motion in terms of some other more fundamental interaction. One
increasingly popular approach explains inertial and gravitational forces as
drag forces arising due to quantum vacuum zero-point phenomena. General
relativity, however, suggests that gravitational and inertial forces are
manifestations of space-time geometry. Based on this, the present analysis
demonstrates that inertia and zero-point forces are ultimately relativistic in
origin. Additionally, it is argued that body forces induced on matter through
zero-point interactions are resistive forces acting in addition to inertia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74953 </DOCNO>
Theory of Neutrino Flavor Mixing


  The depth of our theoretical understanding of neutrino flavor mixing should
match the importance of this phenomenon as a herald of long-awaited empirical
challenges to the standard model of particle physics. After reviewing the
familiar, simplified quantum mechanical model and its flaws, I sketch the
deeper understanding of both vacuum and matter-enhanced flavor mixing that is
found in the framework of scattering theory. While the simplified model gives
the ``correct answer'' for atmospheric, solar, and accelerator/reactor neutrino
phenomena, I argue that a key insight from the deeper picture will simplify the
treatment of neutrino transport in astrophysical environments---supernovae, for
example---in which neutrinos play a dynamically important role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95472 </DOCNO>
Idempotent interval analysis and optimization problems


  Many problems in optimization theory are strongly nonlinear in the
traditional sense but possess a hidden linear structure over suitable
idempotent semirings. After an overview of `Idempotent Mathematics' with an
emphasis on matrix theory, interval analysis over idempotent semirings is
developed. The theory is applied to construction of exact interval solutions to
the interval discrete stationary Bellman equation. Solution of an interval
system is typically NP-hard in the traditional interval linear algebra; in the
idempotent case it is polynomial. A generalization to the case of positive
semirings is outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127620 </DOCNO>
High-velocity clouds: a diverse phenomenon


  In this contribution the current state of knowledge about the high-velocity
clouds (HVCs) is summarized. Recent progress has shown that the HVCs are a
diverse phenomenon. The intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs) are likely to be
part of a Galactic Fountain. The Magellanic Stream is a tidal remnant. HVC
complex C (possibly complexes A and GCN) are low-metallicity clouds near the
Galaxy; they could be remnants of the formation of the Galaxy or old tidal
streams extracted from nearby dwarf galaxies. Having a substantial number of HI
HVCs dispersed throughout the Local Group seems incompatible with the observed
HI mass function of galaxies. Finally, FUSE finds high-velocity OVI, some of
which is clearly associated with HI HVCs, but some which is not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72380 </DOCNO>
CP Violation: Past, Present, and Future


  We discuss the history of CP violation and its manifestations in kaon
physics, its explanation in terms of phases of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa
matrix describing charge-changing weak quark transitions, predictions for
experiments involving $B$ mesons, and the light it can shed on physics beyond
the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 286 </DOCNO>
Non-equilibrium tube length fluctuations of entangled polymers


  We investigate the nonequilibrium tube length fluctuations during the
relaxation of an initially stretched, entangled polymer chain. The
time-dependent variance $\sigma^2$ of the tube length follows in the early-time
regime a simple universal power law $\sigma^2 = A \sqrt{t}$ originating in the
diffusive motion of the polymer segments. The amplitude $A$ is calculated
analytically both from standard reptation theory and from an exactly solvable
lattice gas model for reptation and its dependence on the initial and
equilibrium tube length respectively is discussed. The non-universality
suggests the measurement of the fluctuations (e.g. using flourescence
microscopy) as a test for reptation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128000 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Ultra High Energy Photon flux using inclined showers


  We describe a method to analyse inclined air showers produced by ultra high
energy cosmic rays using an analytical description of the muon densities. We
report the results obtained using data from inclined events
(60^{\circ}<\theta<80^{\circ}) recorded by the Haverah Park shower detector for
energies above 10^19 eV. Using mass independent knowledge of the UHECR spectrum
obtained from vertical air shower measurements and comparing the expected
horizontal shower rate to the reported measurements we show that above 10^19 eV
less than 48 % of the primary cosmic rays can be photons at the 95 % confidence
level and above 4 X 10^19 eV less than 50 % of the cosmic rays can be photonic
at the same confidence level. These limits place important constraints on some
models of the origin of ultra high-energy cosmic rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40999 </DOCNO>
A study of the link between cosmic rays and clouds with a cloud chamber


  Recent satellite data have revealed a surprising correlation between galactic
cosmic ray (GCR) intensity and the fraction of the Earth covered by clouds. If
this correlation were to be established by a causal mechanism, it could provide
a crucial step in understanding the long-sought mechanism connecting solar and
climate variability. The Earth's climate seems to be remarkably sensitive to
solar activity, but variations of the Sun's electromagnetic radiation appear to
be too small to account for the observed climate variability. However, since
the GCR intensity is strongly modulated by the solar wind, a GCR-cloud link may
provide a sufficient amplifying mechanism. Moreover if this connection were to
be confirmed, it could have profound consequences for our understanding of the
solar contributions to the current global warming. The CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving
OUtdoor Droplets) project proposes to test experimentally the existence a link
between cosmic rays and cloud formation, and to understand the microphysical
mechanism. CLOUD plans to perform detailed laboratory measurements in a
particle beam at CERN, where all the parameters can be precisely controlled and
measured. The beam will pass through an expansion cloud chamber and a reactor
chamber where the atmosphere is to be duplicated by moist air charged with
selected aerosols and trace condensable vapours. An array of external detectors
and mass spectrometers is used to analyse the physical and chemical
characteristics of the aerosols and trace gases during beam exposure. Where
beam effects are found, the experiment will seek to evaluate their significance
in the atmosphere by incorporating them into aerosol and cloud models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129479 </DOCNO>
Clarifying perturbations in the ekpyrotic universe


  In this note I try to clarify the problem of perturbations in the ekpyrotic
universe. I write down the most general matching conditions and specify the
choices taken by the two debating sides. I also bring up the problem of surface
stresses which always have to be present when a transition from a collapsing to
an expanding phase is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87259 </DOCNO>
Metric and Curvature in Gravitational Phase Space


  At a fixed point in spacetime (say, x_0), gravitational phase space consists
of the space of symmetric matrices {F^{ab}} [corresponding to the canonical
momentum \pi^{ab}(x_0)] and of symmetric matrices {G_{ab}} [corresponding to
the canonical metric g_{ab}(x_0)], where 1 \leq a,b \leq n, and, crucially, the
matrix {G_{ab}} is necessarily positive definite, i.e. \sum u^a G_{ab} u^b > 0
whenever \sum (u^a)^2 > 0. In an alternative quantization procedure known as
{\it metrical quantization}, the first and most important ingredient is the
specification of a suitable metric on classical phase space. Our choice of
phase space metrics, guided by a recent study of Affine Quantum Gravity, leads
to gravitational phase space geometries which possess {\it constant curvature}
and are all higher dimensional analogs of the Poincare plane, which applies
when n=1. This result is important because phase spaces with such a maximal
degree of symmetry lead naturally via the procedures of Metrical Quantization
to acceptable Hilbert spaces of high dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83569 </DOCNO>
A Scientific Data Management System for Irregular Applications


  Many scientific applications are I/O intensive and generate or access large
data sets, spanning hundreds or thousands of "files." Management, storage,
efficient access, and analysis of this data present an extremely challenging
task. We have developed a software system, called Scientific Data Manager
(SDM), that uses a combination of parallel file I/O and database support for
high-performance scientific data management. SDM provides a high-level API to
the user and internally, uses a parallel file system to store real data and a
database to store application-related metadata. In this paper, we describe how
we designed and implemented SDM to support irregular applications. SDM can
efficiently handle the reading and writing of data in an irregular mesh as well
as the distribution of index values. We describe the SDM user interface and how
we implemented it to achieve high performance. SDM makes extensive use of
MPI-IO's noncontiguous collective I/O functions. SDM also uses the concept of a
history file to optimize the cost of the index distribution using the metadata
stored in the database. We present performance results with two irregular
applications, a CFD code called FUN3D and a Rayleigh-Taylor instability code,
on the SGI Origin2000 at Argonne National Laboratory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125436 </DOCNO>
Clusters of galaxies among ROSAT blank field sources


  We present here an efficient method for selecting high luminosity and massive
high redshift clusters of galaxies, crucially important tools in cosmology. By
selecting bright and extremely X-ray loud (high F(X)/F(V)) sources, we were
able to identify 2 high redshift (z=0.45 and z=0.89) clusters so far and we
have evidence for at least one more candidate at 0.4<z<1.1 out of a total of 16
selected sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174814 </DOCNO>
Feasibility study of the quasi-free creation of the eta-prime meson in


  The feasibility of an investigation of the pn --> pn eta-prime reaction by
means of the COSY-11 internal target facility is discussed. Appraisals are
based on the assumption of the quasi-free reactions of beam protons,
circulating in the cooler synchrotron COSY, with neutrons from a windowless
deuteron cluster target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168819 </DOCNO>
Exact trace formulae for a class of one-dimensional ray-splitting


  Based on quantum graph theory we establish that the ray-splitting trace
formula proposed by Couchman {\it et al.} (Phys. Rev. A {\bf 46}, 6193 (1992))
is exact for a class of one-dimensional ray-splitting systems. Important
applications in combinatorics are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86205 </DOCNO>
Superhydrodynamics


  We present a covariant and supersymmetric theory of relativistic
hydrodynamics in four-dimensional Minkowski space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41410 </DOCNO>
Prospects for HERMES Run II


  Data taking for Run II of the HERMES experiment will start in late 2001 with
three main physics objectives for the next 4-5 years: a measurement of
transversity distributions, an improved measurement of helicity distributions,
and measurements of exclusive reactions to access Generalized Parton
Distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3294 </DOCNO>
An extension of Anderson-Higgs mechanism


  When free vortices are present in the pseudogap region of underdoped
cuprates, it is shown that conventional Anderson-Higgs mechanism does not work
because the Goldstone field is not an analytic function. However, after
decomposing the Goldstone field into longitudinal and transverse components, we
find that the former can be eliminated by a special gauge transformation and
the gauge field becomes massive, but the latter persists in the theory in any
case. Thus we obtain an extended Anderson-Higgs mechanism which exhibits
completely new physics comparing with the conventional one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124283 </DOCNO>
Dynamical modeling of large scale asymmetries in the beta Pictoris dust


  We report a new and complete model of the beta Pictoris disk, which succeeds
in accounting for both the surface brightness distribution, warp
characteristics, the outer ``butterfly'' asymmetry as observed by HST/STIS in
scattered light, as well as the infrared emission. Our model includes the
presence of a disk of planetesimals extending out to 120-150 AU, perturbed
gravitationally by a giant planet on an inclined orbit, following the approach
of Mouillet et al. (1997b). At any time, the planetesimal disk is assumed to be
the source of a distribution of grains produced through collisional evolution,
with the same initial orbital parameter distribution. The steady state spatial
grain distribution is found incorporating the effects of radiation pressure
which can cause the distribution of the smallest particles to become very
distended. With realistic assumptions about the grains' chemical properties,
the modeling confirms the previously evident need for an additional population
of hot grains close to the star, to account for the 12 microns fluxes at short
distances from the star. It also indicates that this population cannot explain
the outer 12 microns flux distribution when the effects of gravity and
radiation pressure determine the distribution. Very small grains, produced by
collisions among aggregates, are tentatively proposed to account for this 12
microns outer emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76890 </DOCNO>
The physics of anomalous glue


  We give a brief overview of the physics of gluonic degrees of freedom
associated with the strong (QCD) axial anomaly. The role of this anomalous glue
in the spin structure of the proton and eta'-hadron interactions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126446 </DOCNO>
Fractional diffusion of cosmic rays


  We consider the propagation of galactic cosmic rays under assumption that the
interstellar medium is a fractal one. An anomalous diffusion equation in terms
of fractional derivatives is used to describe of cosmic ray propagation. The
anomaly in used model results from large free paths ("Levy flights") of
particles between galactic inhomogeneities and long time a particle stays in a
trap. An asymptotical solution of the anomalous diffusion equation for point
instantaneous and impulse sources with inverse power spectrum relating to
supernova bursts is found. It covers both subdiffusive and superdiffusive
regimes and is expressed in terms of the stable distributions. The energy
dependence of spectral exponent of observed particles in different regimes is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6829 </DOCNO>
Evidence of a d to s-wave pairing symmetry transition in the


  We present point contact spectroscopy (PCS) data for junctions between a
normal metal and the electron doped cuprate superconductor
Pr$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$ (PCCO). For the underdoped compositions of this cuprate
($x \sim 0.13$) we observe a peak in the conductance-voltage characteristics of
the point contact junctions. The shape and magnitude of this peak suggests the
presence of Andreev bound states at the surface of underdoped PCCO which is
evidence for a d-wave pairing symmetry. For overdoped PCCO ($x \sim 0.17$) the
PCS data does not show any evidence of Andreev bound states at the surface
suggesting an s-wave pairing symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3580 </DOCNO>
Localized states in 2D semiconductors doped with magnetic impurities in


  A theory of magnetic impurities in a 2D electron gas quantized by a strong
magnetic field is formulated in terms of Friedel-Anderson theory of resonance
impurity scattering. It is shown that this scattering results in an appearance
of bound Landau states with zero angular moment between the Landau subbands.
The resonance scattering is spin selective, and it results in a strong spin
polarization of Landau states, as well as in a noticeable magnetic field
dependence of the $g$ factor and the crystal field splitting of the impurity
$d$ levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113824 </DOCNO>
Ultra-low threshold CW Triply Resonant OPO in the near infrared using


  We have operated a CW triply resonant OPO using a PPLN crystal pumped by a
Nd:YAG laser at 1.06 micron and generating signal and idler modes in the 2-2.3
micron range. The OPO was operated stably in single mode operation over large
periods of time with a pump threshold as low as 500 microwatts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86453 </DOCNO>
The "physical process" version of the first law and the generalized


  We investigate both the ``physical process'' version of the first law and the
second law of black hole thermodynamics for charged and rotating black holes.
We begin by deriving general formulas for the first order variation in ADM mass
and angular momentum for linear perturbations off a stationary, electrovac
background in terms of the perturbed non-electromagnetic stress-energy, $\delta
T_{ab}$, and the perturbed charge current density, $\delta j^a$. Using these
formulas, we prove the "physical process version" of the first law for charged,
stationary black holes. We then investigate the generalized second law of
thermodynamics (GSL) for charged, stationary black holes for processes in which
a box containing charged matter is lowered toward the black hole and then
released (at which point the box and its contents fall into the black hole
and/or thermalize with the ``thermal atmosphere'' surrounding the black hole).
Assuming that the thermal atmosphere admits a local, thermodynamic description
with respect to observers following orbits of the horizon Killing field, and
assuming that the combined black hole/thermal atmosphere system is in a state
of maximum entropy at fixed mass, angular momentum, and charge, we show that
the total generalized entropy cannot decrease during the lowering process or in
the ``release process''. Consequently, the GSL always holds in such processes.
No entropy bounds on matter are assumed to hold in any of our arguments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7230 </DOCNO>
Nonsymmetric Ergodicity Breaking in a Stochastic Model on Continuous


  We introduce a variant of the asymmetric random average process (ARAP) where
the maximal mass transport is restricted by a cutoff. This simple stochastic
model is discrete in space and time but has a continuous state variable (mass).
For periodic boundary conditions we show the existence of a phase transition
between a pure high flow phase and a mixed phase whereby the latter consists of
a homogeneous high flow and a condensed low flow substate. The finite system
alternates between these substates which both have diverging lifetimes in the
thermodynamic limit. This property is comparable to the occurence of
spontaneous symmetry breaking, but without any explicit symmetry. Our results
obtained from Monte Carlo simulations are supported by analytical
approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97660 </DOCNO>
Robertson Type Theorems for Frames


  We extend Robertson's theorem to apply to frames generated by the action of a
discrete, countable abelian unitary group. Within this setup we use Stone's
theorem and the theory of spectral multiplicity to analyze wandering frame
collections. Motivated by wavelet theory, we explicitly apply our results to
the action of the integers given by translations on $\ltwo$. This yields a new
functional analytic method of constructing a wavelet from a multiresolution
analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169448 </DOCNO>
Optimum unambiguous discrimination between subsets of non-orthogonal


  Unambiguous discrimination among non-orthogonal but linearly independent
quantum states is possible with a certain probability of success. Here we
consider a variant of that problem; rather than discriminating among all of the
different states, we shall discriminate between two subsets of them. In
particular, for the case of 3 states, we find the optimal strategy to
distinguish one from the other two. This procedure has a higher probability of
success than distinguishing all 3 states. We show how to construct generalized
interferometers that provide an implementation of the optimal strategy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129494 </DOCNO>
Very high energy gamma-rays from Centaurus X-3: indications and


  A timing analysis of VHE gamma-ray observations of Cen X-3 taken with the
University of Durham Mark 6 telescope was performed, using both Rayleigh and
Bayesian statistics. Data from only 1 observation produced evidence for
periodicity, in a 'soft' cut data set, with an overall chance probability <0.01
and blueshifted by 6.6ms from the nominal second harmonic of the pulse period.
We show that the disappearance of the Rayleigh peak in the fully cut data set
is consistent with a gamma-ray origin hypothesis. The second part of the paper
considers theoretical models that could explain the existing data of Cen X-3 in
high and very high energy gamma-rays. On the basis of energetics, all
reasonable options for gamma-ray production must be connected to jets emerging
from the inner accretion disc around the neutron star. One principal option is
a large scale source, with R_s~10^13-14cm, assuming effective acceleration of
electrons by shocks produced by the interaction of the jets with the dense
atmosphere of the binary. The bulk of gamma-ray features could be explained by
this model except modulations at the pulsar period, which would require a
source with R_s<10^11cm. We consider hadronic and leptonic models for the
formation of such a compact object. Both models predict the episodes of pulsed
emission may be rare, of typical duration ~few hours, and the frequency of
pulsations should be significantly shifted from the nominal frequency of the
X-ray pulsar. The opportunities to distinguish between different models using
future gamma-ray observations of this X-ray binary are discussed. (v. abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99205 </DOCNO>
A symmetry theorem on a modified jeu de taquin


  For their bijective proof of the hook-length formula for the number of
standard tableaux of a fixed shape Novelli, Pak and Stoyanovskii define a
modified jeu de taquin which transforms an arbitrary filling of the Ferrers
diagram with $1,2,...,n$ (tabloid) into a standard tableau. Their definition
relies on a total order of the cells in the Ferrers diagram induced by a
special standard tableau, however, this definition also makes sense for the
total order induced by any other standard tableau. Given two standard tableaux
$P,Q$ of the same shape we show that the number of tabloids which result in $P$
if we perform modified jeu de taquin with respect to the total order induced by
$Q$ is equal to the number of tabloids which result in $Q$ if we perform
modified jeu de taquin with respect to $P$. This symmetry theorem extends to
skew shapes and shifted skew shapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7543 </DOCNO>
General boundary conditions for the envelope function in multiband k.p


  We have derived general boundary conditions (BC) for the multiband envelope
functions (which do not contain spurious solutions) in semiconductor
heterostructures with abrupt heterointerfaces. These BC require the
conservation of the probability flux density normal to the interface and
guarantee that the multiband Hamiltonian be self--adjoint. The BC are energy
independent and are characteristic properties of the interface. Calculations
have been performed of the effect of the general BC on the electron energy
levels in a potential well with infinite potential barriers using a coupled two
band model. The connection with other approaches to determining BC for the
envelope function and to the spurious solution problem in the multiband k.p
model are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73599 </DOCNO>
Revealing Nuclear Pions Using Electron Scattering


  A model for the pionic components of nuclear wave functions is obtained from
light front dynamical calculations of binding energies and densities. The
pionic effects are small enough to be consistent with measured nuclear di-muon
production data and with the nucleon sea. But the pion effects are large enough
to predict substantial nuclear enhancement of the cross section for
longitudinally polarized virtual photons for the kinematics accessible at
Jefferson Laboratory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1199 </DOCNO>
1D Aging


  We derive exact expressions for a number of aging functions that are scaling
limits of non-equilibrium correlations, R(tw,tw+t) as tw --> infinity with t/tw
--> theta, in the 1D homogenous q-state Potts model for all q with T=0 dynamics
following a quench from infinite temperature. One such quantity is (the
two-point, two-time correlation function) <sigma(0,tw) sigma(n,tw+t)> when
n/sqrt(tw) --> z. Exact, closed-form expressions are also obtained when one or
more interludes of infinite temperature dynamics occur. Our derivations express
the scaling limit via coalescing Brownian paths and a ``Brownian space-time
spanning tree,'' which also yields other aging functions, such as the
persistence probability of no spin flip at 0 between tw and tw+t.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179488 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of equations governing nucleon dynamics and nonlocality


  We discuss the problem of renormalization of dynamical equations which arises
in an effective field theory description of nuclear forces. By using a toy
model of the separable NN potential leading to logarithmic singularities in the
Born series, we show that renormalization gives rise to nucleon dynamics which
is governed by a generalized dynamical equation with a nonlocal-in-time
interaction operator. We show that this dynamical equation can open new
possibilities for applying the EFT approach to the description of low-energy
nucleon dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126057 </DOCNO>
On the formation of oxygen-neon white dwarfs in close binary systems


  The evolution of a star of initial mass 10 $M_{\odot}$, and metallicity $Z =
0.02$ in a Close Binary System (CBS) is followed from its main sequence until
an ONe degenerate remnant forms. Restrictions have been made on the
characteristics of the companion as well as on the initial orbital parameters
in order to avoid the occurrence of reversal mass transfer before carbon is
ignited in the core. The system undergoes three mass loss episodes. The first
and second ones are a consequence of a case B Roche lobe overflow. During the
third mass loss episode stellar winds may play a role comparable to, or even
more important than Roche lobe overflow. In this paper, we extend the
previously existing calculations of stars of intermediate mass belonging to
close binary systems by following carefully the carbon burning phase of the
primary component. We also propose different possible outcomes for our scenario
and discuss the relevance of our findings. In particular, our main result is
that the resulting white dwarf component of mass $1.1 M_\odot$ more likely has
a core composed of oxygen and neon, surrounded by a mantle of carbon-oxygen
rich material. The average abundances of the oxygen-neon rich core are $X({\rm
O}^{16})=0.55$, $X({\rm Ne}^{20})=0.28$, $X({\rm Na}^{23})=0.06$ and $X({\rm
Mg}^{24})=0.05$. This result has important consequences for the Accretion
Induced Collapse scenario. The average abundances of the carbon-oxygen rich
mantle are $X({\rm O}^{16})=0.55$, and $X({\rm C}^{12})=0.43$. The existence of
this mantle could also play a significant role in our understanding of
cataclysmic variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125986 </DOCNO>
Cosmology as seen from Venice


  The flat matter dominated Universe that dominated cosmological model building
for much of the past 20 years does not correspond to the Universe in which we
live. This has profound implications both for our understanding of dark matter,
and also for our understanding of the future of the Universe. I review recent
developments here and present best fits for the current, sometimes crazy,
values of the major measured fundamental cosmological parameters. (Invited
review talk, 9th International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes, Venice, March
2001. Note: this is an updated version of an article prepared for the
proceedings of IDM2000 in York, UK.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169431 </DOCNO>
Alpha and Electro-weak Coupling


  It is shown that the fine structure constant alpha has the same value that
"characterises" a relation, denoted by alpha_137(29*137), between a
representation of the cyclic group of order 29*137 and the induced
representation for the cyclic subgroup of order 137. The value of this
characteristic is alpha_137(29*137) = 0.007297352532... . The complementary
characteristic alpha_29(29*137)=0.034280626357... for the cyclic subgroup of
order 29 is shown to represent the gauge theory electro-weak coupling quantity
g^2/(4 pi). Kinematic aspects of the representation geometry are discussed and
a generalized version of the Weinberg electro-weak mixing angle is introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1552 </DOCNO>
Upper critical field in {Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$BiO$_3$}: magnetotransport


  Elastic tunneling is used as a powerful direct tool to determine the upper
critical field $H_{c2}(T)$ in the high-$T_c$ oxide Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$BiO$_3$. The
temperature dependence of $H_{c2}$ inferred from the tunneling follows the
Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg prediction for type-II superconductors. A
comparison will be made with resistively determined critical field data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125574 </DOCNO>
RX J0848+4456: Disentangling a Moderate Redshift Cluster


  We present a multi-wavelength study of RX J0848+4456, a cluster of galaxies
discovered through X-ray emission in the ROSAT Deep Cluster Survey. Our
observations consist of WFPC2 imaging, optical spectra, and X-ray data
collected with the Chandra observatory. We find that RX J0848+4456 consists of
an X-ray emitting cluster of galaxies at a redshift of z=0.570 and a group at
slightly lower redshift, z=0.543, with little X-ray emission. This lower
redshift system, however, is a gravitational lens, with the lensed galaxy an
unusual AGN or star-forming system at z=3.356.
  The cluster has an X-ray temperature of kT = 3.6 +/- 0.4 keV, a bolometric
luminosity of 1.0e44 +/- 0.3e44 erg/s and a velocity dispersion of 670 +/- 50
km/s. These values all agree with the low redshift correlations for clusters of
galaxies, implying a relaxed system with the ICM in equilibrium with the dark
matter potential. The lower redshift group of galaxies at z=0.543 has, at most
1/5, more likely 1/10, of the X-ray luminosity of RX J0848+4456. Despite being
a gravitational lens, this is a low mass system, with an X-ray temperature of
kT = 2.3 +0.5 -0.4 keV and a velocity dispersion of only 430 +/- 20 km/s. Our
observations show the importance of detailed studies of clusters of galaxies
when using them as probes of cosmological mass functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168411 </DOCNO>
Weak Quantum Theory: Complementarity and Entanglement in Physics and


  The concepts of complementarity and entanglement are considered with respect
to their significance in and beyond physics. A formally generalized, weak
version of quantum theory, more general than ordinary quantum theory of
material systems, is outlined and tentatively applied to some examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5636 </DOCNO>
Ordering of atomic mono-layers on a (001) cubic crystal surface


  The self-organization of a chemi-sorbed mono-layer is studied as a two
dimensional ordering process in presence of surface stress. As proved
previously for a single phase separation, a steady surface state is yielded
from the competition between the domain boundary energy and the surface stress
elastic energy. In the present letter, the resulting patterns are shown to
depend on the interplay between the symmetries of both the internal layer order
and the underlying crystal. For experimental relevance, our study is focussed
on a (001) copper surface and we believe to enhance a route to stabilize novel
surface nanostructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86046 </DOCNO>
Cauchy horizon stability and cosmic censorship


  Some interesting consequences of spacelike matter shells are presented, in
particular the possibility of travelling through Cauchy horizons and violating
the strong cosmic censorship principle. These show that the weak energy
condition does not guarentee cosmic censorship.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168183 </DOCNO>
Generation of correlated photons in controlled spatial modes by


  We report the observation of correlated photon pairs generated by spontaneous
parametric down-conversion in a quasi-phase matched KTiOPO4 nonlinear
waveguide. The highest ratio of coincidence to single photon count rates
observed in the 830 nm wavelength region exceeds 18%. This makes nonlinear
waveguides a promising source of correlated photons for metrology and quantum
information processing applications. We also discuss possibilities of
controlling the spatial characteristics of the down-converted photons produced
in multimode waveguide structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96550 </DOCNO>
A Generalization of Obreshkoff-Ehrlich Method for Multiple Roots of


  In this paper we develop a new method which is a generalization of the
Obreshkoff -Ehrlich method for the cases of algebraic, trigonometric and
exponential polynomials. This method has a cubic rate of convergence. It is
efficient from the computational point of view and can be used for simultaneous
finding all roots if the roots have known multiplicities. This new method in
spite of the arbitrariness of multiplicities is of the same complexity as the
methods for simultaneous finding all roots of simple roots. We do not use
divided differences with multiple knots and this fact does not lead to
calculation of derivatives of the given polynomial of higher order, but only of
first ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149437 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the Warped Deformed Conifold


  We assemble a few remarks on the supergravity solution of hep-th/0007191,
whose UV asymptotic form was previously found in hep-th/0002159. First, by
normalizing the R-R fluxes, we compare the logarithmic flow of couplings in
supergravity with that in field theory, and find exact agreement. We also write
the 3-form field strength $G_3 = F_3 - \tau H_3$ present in the solution in a
manifestly SO(4) invariant $(2,1)$ form. In addition, we discuss various issues
related to the chiral symmetry breaking and wrapped branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124372 </DOCNO>
Evidence for an extended scattered disk


  By telescopic tracking, we have established that the orbit of the
trans-neptunian object (2000 CR$_{105}$) has a perihelion of $\simeq$44 AU, and
is thus outside the domain controlled by strong gravitational close encounters
with Neptune. Because this object is on a very large, eccentric orbit (with
semimajor axis $a\simeq$216 AU and eccentricity $e\simeq$0.8) this object must
have been placed on this orbit by a gravitational perturbation which is {\it
not} direct gravitational scattering off of any of the giant planets (on their
current orbits). The existence of this object may thus have profound cosmogonic
implications for our understanding of the formation of the outer Solar System.
We discuss some viable scenarios which could have produced it, including
long-term diffusive chaos and scattering off of other massive bodies in the
outer Solar System. This discovery implies that there must be a large
population of trans-neptunian objects in an `extended scattered disk' with
perihelia above the previously-discussed 38 AU boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168039 </DOCNO>
Einstein's quantum clocks and Poincare's classical clocks in special


  Einstein's reply to Weyl about the importance in General Relativity of the
identity of the sources of spectral lines is well know. We show that, already
in Special Relavitity, Einstein's definition of the unit of time from the
frequency of atomic emission is deeply incompatible with Poincare's classical
conception of time in his special relativity based on the duality "true
time-local time". By using Weisskopf's analysis of quantum nature of the
identity of atoms, we show that the concept of identity is implicit in
Einstein's principle of relativity. On the contrary, in Poincare's relativistic
logic, the use of the Lorentz transformations compensates the differences
(contraction of lengths and dilation of durations) that are real by principle.
The borderline "quantum-classical" passes therefore clearly between the two
conceptions of the clocks in special relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127864 </DOCNO>
Chemical Enrichment and Energetics of the ICM with Redshift


  In this paper we show preliminary results concerning the chemical and
energetic enrichment of the ICM by means of supernova-driven wind models in
elliptical galaxies. These models are obtained by taking into account new
prescriptions about supernova remnant evolution in the interstellar medium. We
find that models, which can reproduce the Fe abundance and the [$\alpha$/Fe]
ratios observed in the ICM, predict that the SN energy input can provide about
0.3 keV per ICM particle. We have obtained this result by assuming that each SN
explosion inject on the average into the ISM no more than 20% of its initial
blast wave energy. The predicted energy per particle is not enough to break the
cluster self-similarity but is more than predicted in previous models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97713 </DOCNO>
Vector Bundles on a Neighborhood of an Exceptional Curve and Elementary


  Let W be the germ of a smooth complex surface around an exceptional curve and
let E be a rank 2 vector bundle on W. We study the cohomological properties of
a finite sequence $E_i, 1 \leq i \leq t$ of rank 2 vector bundles canonically
associated to E. We calculate numerical invariants of E in terms of the $E_i.$
If S is a compact complex smooth surface and E is a rank 2 bundle on the blow-
up of S at a point, we show that all values of $c_2(E)-c_2(\pi_* E^{\vee\vee})$
that are numerically possible are actually attained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98818 </DOCNO>
Topological Charge of the real periodic finite-gap Sine-Gordon solutions


  An effective description of the inverse spectral data corresponding to the
real periodic and quasiperiodic solutions for the sine-gordon equation is
obtained. In particular, the explicit formula for the so-called topological
charge of the solutions is found and proved. As it was understood already 20
years ago, it is very hard to extract any formula for this quantity from the
Theta-functional expressions. A new method was developed by the authors for
this goal. In the appendix 3 an analog of the Fourier-Laurent integral
transform on the Riemann surfaces is defined, based on the constructions of the
Soliton Theory. It is a natural continuous analog of the discrete
Krichever-Novikov bases developed in the late 80s for the needs of the Operator
Quantization of String Theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128897 </DOCNO>
X-ray sources in omega Centauri and other globular clusters


  X-ray bursts from bright sources in globular clusters of our galaxy show that
at least 11 (of a total 13) of these sources are neutron stars. One of the
low-luminosity X-ray sources in omega Cen is a neutron star accreting at a low
rate. Together with the discoveries that M~15 contains two bright X-ray
sources, and that 47 Tuc and NGC 6440 contain 2 and 5 low-luminosity X-ray
sources with a neutron star, this indicates that the total number of binaries
with neutron stars in globular clusters is higher than previously suspected.
The discovery of very bright X-ray sources in globular clusters near other
galaxies indicates that these clusters contain binaries with accreting black
holes, and multiple bright X-ray sources. Dozens of low-luminosity X-ray
sources have been discovered in omega Cen, NGC 6397, NGC 6752, NGC 6440, and a
hundred in 47 Tuc. Accurate Chandra positions of these sources combined with
HST observations have lead to unambiguous identifications with cataclysmic
variables, RS CVn binaries, and millisecond radio pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81335 </DOCNO>
I=2 Pion Scattering Length and Phase Shift with Wilson Fermions


  We present preliminary results of scattering length and phase shift for I=2
S-wave $\pi\pi$ system with the Wilson fermions in the quenched approximation.
The finite size method presented by L\"uscher is employed, and calculations are
carried out at $\beta=5.9$ on a $24^3\times 60$ and $32^3\times 60$ lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126356 </DOCNO>
HST UV and Keck HIRES Spectra of BAL Quasars


  In the analysis of broad absorption line (BAL) quasar spectra, Keck HIRES
spectra are a useful complement to lower resolution HST and ground based
spectra. The HIRES spectra provide accurate parameters for narrow, intervening
type absorption systems including Lyman limit systems and a direct measurement
of the smoothness of BAL features. The smoothness of the troughs is related to
the number of "clouds" in the BAL region if the BAL region consists of clouds.
The HIRES spectra, especially for z approx. 2 quasars, are also a source of
high quality absorption templates. All of the BAL features are apparently
resolved in the high resolution spectra (R approx. 45 000), while low
resolution (R approx. 1000) spectra do not always resolve features belonging to
the outflow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129338 </DOCNO>
The Multiple Stellar Populations in Omega Centauri


  In this contribution I am going to present some preliminary results of a
high-resolution spectroscopic campaign focussed on the most metal rich red
giant stars in Omega Cen. This study is part of a long term project we started
a few years ago, which is aimed at studying the properties of the different
stellar populations in Omega Cen. The final goal of the whole project is the
global understanding of both the star formation and the chemical evolution
history of this complex stellar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6186 </DOCNO>
Statistical Distribution of Coulomb Blockade Peak Heights in


  We study adiabatic quantum pumping in the resonant tunneling regime of a
nearly-closed quantum dot, which is coupled to two leads via tunneling
barriers. Using small cyclic variations of the tunneling rates of the barriers
as the pumping mechanism, a current is obtained which depends sensitively on
the system parameters and exhibits peaks due to Coulomb blockade. The
distribution of the peak heights is found for temperatures $\Gam \ll k_{B} T
\ll \Delta$, with $\Gam$ the total decay width into the leads and $\Delta$ the
single-particle level spacing of the dot, and their average height is predicted
to increase by a factor of $\frac{5\sqrt{2}}{18} \pi \approx 1.2$ upon breaking
time-reversal symmetry. This is the pumping analog of the statistical theory of
Coulomb blockade conductance peaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179094 </DOCNO>
Predicting total reaction cross sections for nucleon-nucleus scattering


  Nucleon total reaction and neutron total cross sections to 300 MeV for 12C
and 208Pb, and for 65 MeV spanning the mass range, are predicted using
coordinate space optical potentials formed by full folding of effective
nucleon-nucleon interactions with realistic nuclear ground state densities.
Good to excellent agreement is found with existing data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98315 </DOCNO>
Expected number of distinct part sizes in a random integer composition


  The asymptotics, as $n\to\infty$, for the expected number of distinct part
sizes in a random composition of an integer n is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75153 </DOCNO>
Addendum to: "On the anomalous dimension for the transversity


  We review the results of our previous publication [Phys. Rev. D63, 116001
(2001); hep-ph/0012226] in the light of recent calculations and comments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168380 </DOCNO>
Attacks on Symmetric Quantum Coin-Tossing Protocols


  We suggest an attack on a symmetric non-ideal quantum coin-tossing protocol
suggested by Mayers Salvail and Chiba-Kohno. The analysis of the attack shows
that the protocol is insecure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129398 </DOCNO>
Isolated and Interacting Galaxies : Simulations with GRAPE


  I present N-body simulations of isolated and interacting galaxies, made on
GRAPE machines. In particular I discuss the formation and evolution of N-body
bars and compare their properties to those of bars in early-type and late-type
galactic discs. I argue that the halo can help the bar grow, contrary to
previous beliefs, by taking positive angular momentum from it via its resonant
stars. I then focus on the interaction and subsequent merging of a barred disc
galaxy with a spheroidal satellite. The evolution depends strongly on the mass
(density) of the satellite and may lead to its destruction or to the
destruction of the bar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3657 </DOCNO>
A Stochastic Analysis of a Brownian Ratchet Model for Actin-Based


  In recent single-particle tracking (SPT) measurements on {\it Listeria
monocytogenes} motility {\em in vitro}, the actin-based stochastic dynamics of
the bacterium movement is analyzed statistically (Kuo and McGrath, 2000). The
mean-square displacement (MSD) of the detrended trajectory exhibit a linear
behavior; it has been suggested that a corresponding analysis for the Brownian
ratchet model (Peskin, Odell, & Oster, 1993) leads to a non-monotonic MSD. A
simplified version of the Brownian ratchet, when its motion is limited by the
bacterium movement, is proposed and analyzed stochastically. Analytical results
for the simple model are obtained and statistical data analysis is
investigated. The MSD of the stochastic bacterium movement is a quadratic
function while the MSD for the detrended trajectory is shown to be linear. The
mean velocity and effective diffusion constant of the propelled bacterium in
the long-time limit, and the short-time relaxation are obtained from the MSD
analysis. The MSD of the gap between actin and the bacterium exhibits an
oscillatory behavior when there is a large resistant force from the bacterium.
The stochastic model for actin-based motility is also mathematically equivalent
to a model for integrate-and-firing neurons. Hence our mathematical results
have applications in other biological problems. For comparison, a continuous
formalism of the BR model with great analytical simplicity is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76230 </DOCNO>
Chiral dynamics and pion-nucleon scattering around the N*(1535)


  We study the S-wave interaction of mesons with baryons in the strangeness S=0
sector in a coupled channel unitary approach. The basic dynamics is drawn from
the lowest order meson baryon chiral Lagrangians. Small modifications inspired
by models with explicit vector meson exchange in the t-channel are also
considered. In addition the pi pi N channel is included and shown to have an
important repercussion in the results, particularly in the isospin 3/2 sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128069 </DOCNO>
Tomographic Separation of Composite Spectra. VIII. The Physical


  Double-lined spectroscopic orbital elements have recently been found for the
central binary in the massive triple, delta Orionis A based on radial
velocities from cross-correlation techniques applied to IUE high dispersion
spectra and He I 6678 spectra obtained at Kitt Peak. The primary and secondary
velocity amplitudes were found to be 94.9 +/- 0.6 km/s and 186 +/- 9 km/s
respectively. Tomographic reconstructions of the primary and secondary stars'
spectra confirm the O9.5 II classification of the primary and indicate a B0.5
III type for the secondary. The widths of the UV cross-correlation functions
are used to estimate the projected rotational velocities, Vsin i = 157 +/- 6
km/s and 138 +/- 16 km/s for the primary and secondary, respectively implying
that both stars rotate faster than their orbital motion. We used the
spectroscopic results to make a constrained fit of the Hipparcos light curve of
this eclipsing binary, and the model fits limit the inclination to the range
between 67 and 77 degrees. The i = 67 degrees solution, which corresponds to a
near Roche-filling configuration, results in a primary mass of 11.2 solar
masses and a secondary mass of 5.6 solar masses, both of which are
substantially below the expected masses for stars of their luminosity. This
binary may have experienced a mass ratio reversal caused by Case A Roche lobe
overflow, or the system may have suffered extensive mass loss through a binary
interaction, perhaps during a common envelope phase, in which most of the
primary's mass was lost from the system rather than transferred to the
secondary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96735 </DOCNO>
Extension of a Spectral Bounding Method to Complex Rotated Hamiltonians,


  We show that a recently developed method for generating bounds for the
discrete energy states of the non-hermitian $-ix^3$ potential (Handy 2001) is
applicable to complex rotated versions of the Hamiltonian. This has important
implications for extension of the method in the analysis of resonant states,
Regge poles, and general bound states in the complex plane (Bender and
Boettcher (1998)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86969 </DOCNO>
The Schwarzschild solution in a Kaluza-Klein theory with two times


  A new spherically-symmetric solution is determined in a noncompactified
Kaluza-Klein theory in which a time character is ascribed to the fifth
coordinate. This solution contains two independent parameters which are related
with mass and electric charge. The solution exhibits a Schwarzschild radius and
represents a generalization of the Schwarzschild solution in four dimensions.
The parameter of the solution connected with the electric charge depends on the
derivative of the fifth (second time) coordinate with respect to the ordinary
time coordinate. It is shown that the perihelic motion in four-dimensional
relativity has a counterpart in five dimensions in the perinucleic motion of a
negatively-charged particle. If the quantization conditions of the older
quantum theory are applied to that motion, an analogue of the fine-structure
formula of atomic spectra is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125311 </DOCNO>
Star formation history in the solar neighborhood: the link between stars


  Using a cosmological galactic evolutionary approach to model the Milky Way,
we calculate the star formation history (SFH) of the solar neighborhood. The
good agreement we obtain with the observational inferences suggests that our
physical model describes accurately the long term/large spatial trends of the
local and global Milky Way SFH. In this model, star formation is triggered by
disk gravitational instabilities and self-regulated by an energy balance in the
ISM. The drivers of the SFH are the cosmological gas infall rate and the gas
surface density determined by the primordial spin parameter. A LambdaCDM
cosmology was used throughout.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72883 </DOCNO>
Pade approximation to fixed order QCD calculations


  Pade approximations appear to be a powerful tool to extend the validity range
of expansions around certain kinematical limits and to combine expansions of
different limits to a single interpolating function. After a brief outline of
the general method, we will review a number of recent applications and describe
the modifications that have to be applied in each case. Among these
applications are the MS-bar/on-shell conversion factor for quark masses and the
top decay rate at NNLO in QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114383 </DOCNO>
A nonextensive entropy approach to kappa-distributions


  Most astrophysical plasmas are observed to have velocity distribution
functions exhibiting non-Maxwellian suprathermal tails. The high energy
particle populations are accurately represented by the family of
kappa-distributions where the use of these distributions has been unjustly
criticized because of a perceived lack of theoretical justification. We show
that distributions very close to kappa-distributions are a consequence of the
generalized entropy favored by nonextensive statistics, which provides the
missing link for power-law models of non-thermal features from fundamental
physics. With regard to the the physical basis supplied by the Tsallis
nonextensive entropy formalism we propose that this slightly modified
functional form, qualitatively similar to the traditional kappa-distribution,
be used in fitting particle spectra in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168893 </DOCNO>
Coherent states for the hydrogen atom: discrete and continuous spectra


  We construct the systems of generalised coherent states for the discrete and
continuous spectra of the hydrogen atom. These systems are expressed in
elementary functions and are invariant under the $SO(3, 2)$ (discrete spectrum)
and $SO(4, 1)$ (continuous spectrum) subgroups of the dynamical symmetry group
$SO(4, 2)$ of the hydrogen atom. Both systems of coherent states are particular
cases of the kernel of integral operator which interwines irreducible
representations of the $SO(4, 2)$ group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98379 </DOCNO>
A remark on resolution of terminal singularities


  Let $(Z,o)$ be a three-dimensional terminal singularity of type $cA/r$. We
prove that all exceptional divisors over $o$ with discrepancies $\le 1$ are
rational.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149193 </DOCNO>
Supergrassmannian and large N limit of quantum field theory with bosons


  We study a large N_{c} limit of a two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory coupled
to bosons and fermions in the fundamental representation. Extending an approach
due to Rajeev we show that the limiting theory can be described as a classical
Hamiltonian system whose phase space is an infinite-dimensional
supergrassmannian. The linear approximation to the equations of motion and the
constraint yields the 't Hooft equations for the mesonic spectrum. Two other
approximation schemes to the exact equations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86827 </DOCNO>
Modelling Space with an Atom of Quantum Geometry


  Within the context of loop quantum gravity there are several operators which
measure geometry quantities. This work examines two of these operators, volume
and angle, to study quantum geometry at a single spin network vertex - ``an
atom of geometry.'' Several aspects of the angle operator are examined in
detail including minimum angles, level spacing, and the distribution of angles.
The high spin limit of the volume operator is also studied for monochromatic
vertices. The results show that demands of the correct scaling relations
between area and volume and requirements of the expected behavior of angles in
three dimensional flat space require high-valence vertices with total spins of
approximately 10^20.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4411 </DOCNO>
Estimate of the Cutoff Errors in the Ewald Summation for Dipolar Systems


  Theoretical estimates for the cutoff errors in the Ewald summation method for
dipolar systems are derived. Absolute errors in the total energy, forces and
torques, both for the real and reciprocal space parts, are considered. The
applicability of the estimates is tested and confirmed in several numerical
examples. We demonstrate that these estimates can be used easily in determining
the optimal parameters of the dipolar Ewald summation in the sense that they
minimize the computation time for a predefined, user set, accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4059 </DOCNO>
Oxygen impurities in NiAl: Relaxation effects


  We have used a full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method to calculate
the effects of oxygen impurities on the electronic structure of NiAl. Using the
supercell method with a 16-atom supercell we have investigated the cases where
an oxygen atom is substitutionally placed at either a nickel or an aluminum
site. Full relaxation of the atoms within the supercell was allowed. We found
that oxygen prefers to occupy a nickel site over an aluminum site with a site
selection energy of 138 mRy (21,370 K). An oxygen atom placed at an aluminum
site is found to cause a substantial relaxation of its nickel neighbors away
from it. In contrast, this steric repulsion is hardly present when the oxygen
atom occupies the nickel site and is surrounded by aluminum neighbors. We
comment on the possible relation of this effect to the pesting degradation
phenomenon (essentially spontaneous disintegration in air) in nickel
aluminides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129431 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Giant Branch predictions: theoretical uncertainties


  In this paper we investigate the level of agreement between observations and
"new" Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) models, as produced by updating the
physical inputs adopted in previous stellar computations. One finds that the
new physics increases the predicted luminosity of Horizontal Branch (HB) and
AGB stellar structures by a similar amount, keeping unchanged the predictions
about the difference in luminosity between these two evolutionary phases. The
best fit of selected globular clusters appears rather satisfactory, disclosing
the relevance of the assumption on the mass of the Red Giant Branch (RGB)
progenitor in assessing the distance modulus of moderately metal rich clusters.
The still existing uncertainties related either to the input physics or to the
efficiency of some macroscopic mechanisms, like convection or microscopic
diffusion, are critically discussed, ruling out the occurrence of the so called
"breathing pulses" during the central He exhaustion, in agreement with earlier
suggestions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74195 </DOCNO>
Pion light cone wave function in the non-local NJL model


  We use the simple instanton motivated NJL-type model to calculate the leading
twist pion light cone wave function. The model consists in employing the
momentum dependent quark mass in the quark loop entering the definition of the
wave function. The result is analytical up to a solution of a certain algebraic
equation. Various properties including the kT dependence of the pion wave
function are discussed. The resulting kT integrated wave function is not
asymptotic and is in agreement with recent analysis of the CLEO data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98686 </DOCNO>
Appendix to a paper of Maisner and Nart


  We prove that there is no genus-2 curve over F_q whose Jacobian has
characteristic polynomial of Frobenius equal to x^4 + (1 - 2q) x^2 + q^2.
Maisner and Nart had observed (by direct computation) that this was true for
all q less than 65.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3925 </DOCNO>
Mean-field analysis of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein


  The dynamics of collapsing and exploding trapped Bose-Einstein condensat es
caused by a sudden switch of interactions from repulsive to attractive a re
studied by numerically integrating the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with atomic
loss for an axially symmetric trap. We investigate the decay rate of
condensates and the phenomena of bursts and jets of atoms, and compare our
results with those of the experiments performed by E. A. Donley {\it et al.}
[Nature {\bf 412}, 295 (2001)]. Our study suggests that the condensate decay
and the burst production is due to local intermittent implosions in the
condensate, and that atomic clouds of bursts and jets are coherent. We also
predict nonlinear pattern formation caused by the density instability of
attractive condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129635 </DOCNO>
The puzzling compact sources in supernova remnants


  X-ray images of some young supernova remnants show bright point sources which
have not been detected in radio, optical and gamma-ray bands. Despite the
similarity of the X-ray spectra of these objects, they show a variety of
temporal properties. Most likely, they are neutron stars whose properties (spin
periods? magnetic fields? environments?) are different from those of radio
and/or gamma-ray pulsars. We present an overview of observational results on
several objects of this class -- the central sources of Cassiopeia A, RX
J0852-4622, RCW 103, Puppis A, and PKS 1209-51/52 -- with emphasis on the
recent Chandra observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76467 </DOCNO>
Warm inflation dissipative dynamics


  Warm inflation dynamics is reviewed. Results on dissipative scalar field
dynamics relevant to warm inflation are examined and estimates of radiation
production are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75520 </DOCNO>
Consistent Treatment of Soft and Hard Processes in Hadronic Interactions


  The QCD improved parton model is a very successful concept to treat processes
in hadronic interactions, whenever large partonic transverse momenta are
involved. However, cross sections diverge in the limit p_T -> 0, and the usual
treatment is the definition of a lower cutoff p_T_min, such that processes with
a smaller p_T -- so-called soft processes -- are simply ignored, which is
certainly not correct for example at RHIC energies. A more consistent procedure
amounts to introduce a technical parameter Q_0^2, referred to as soft
virtuality scale, which is nothing but an artificial borderline between soft
and hard physics. We will discuss such a formalism, which coincides with the
improved parton model for high p_T processes and with the phenomenological
treatment of soft scattering, when only small virtualities are involved. The
most important aspect of our approach is that it allows to obtain a smooth
transition between soft and hard scattering, and therefore no artificial
dependence on a cutoff parameter should appear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149963 </DOCNO>
An illustrated guide to D-branes in SU(3)


  We give a systematic account of symmetric D-branes in the Lie group SU(3). We
determine both the classical and quantum moduli space of (twisted) conjugacy
classes in terms of the (twisted) Stiefel diagram of the Lie group. We show
that the allowed (twisted) conjugacy classes are in one-to-one correspondence
with the integrable highest weight representations of the (twisted) affine Lie
algebra. In particular, we show how the charges of these D-branes fit in the
twisted K-theory groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2039 </DOCNO>
Interplay of magnetism and high-Tc superconductivity at individual Ni


  In conventional superconductors, magnetic interactions and magnetic impurity
atoms are destructive to superconductivity. By contrast, in some unconventional
systems, e.g. superfluid 3He and superconducting UGe2, superconductivity or
superfluidity is actually mediated by magnetic interactions. A magnetic
mechanism has also been proposed for high temperature superconductivity (HTSC)
in which an electron magnetically polarizes its environment resulting in an
attractive pairing-interaction for oppositely polarized spins. Since a magnetic
impurity atom would apparently not disrupt such a pairing-interaction, it has
also been proposed that the weaker influences on HTSC of magnetic Ni impurity
atoms compared to those of non-magnetic Zn are evidence for a magnetic
mechanism. Here we use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to determine
directly the influence of individual Ni atoms on the electronic structure of
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d. Two local d-wave impurity-states are observed at each Ni.
Analysis of their energies surprisingly reveals that the primary quasiparticle
scattering effects of Ni atoms are due to non-magnetic interactions.
Nonetheless, we also demonstrate that a magnetic moment coexists with
unimpaired superconductivity at each Ni site. We discuss the implications of
these phenomena, and those at Zn, for the pairing-mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123713 </DOCNO>
Lithium and mass loss in massive AGB stars in the Large Magellanic


  The aim of this work is to use full evolutionary models to derive
observational constraints on the mass loss rate of the upper Asymptotic Giant
Branch (AGB) stars. The observations used to constrain the models are the
relative number of luminous Lithium rich AGBs in the Magellanic Clouds and the
s-process enhancement of the same sample. We find that we can put lower and
upper limits to the mass loss rate during the AGB phase. The mass loss
calibation obtained in this work implies that massive AGBs do not contribute
significantly to the lithium enrichment of the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1719 </DOCNO>
The "Square Kagome" Quantum Antiferromagnet and the Eight Vertex Model


  We introduce a two dimensional network of corner-sharing triangles with
square lattice symmetry. Properties of magnetic systems here should be similar
to those on the kagome lattice. Focusing on the spin half Heisenberg quantum
antiferromagnet, we generalise the spin symmetry group from SU(2) to SU(N). In
the large N limit, we map the model exactly to the eight vertex model, solved
by Baxter. We predict an exponential number of low-lying singlet states, a
triplet gap, and a two-peak specific heat. In addition, the large N limit
suggests a finite temperature phase transition into a phase with ordered
``resonance loops'' and broken translational symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125438 </DOCNO>
All-sky component separation for the Planck mission


  An harmonic-space maximum-entropy method (MEM) is presented for separating
the emission from different physical components in all-sky observations by the
forthcoming Planck satellite. The analysis is performed at full Planck
resolution, with a pixel size of 1.7 arcmin, which corresponds to a maximum
multipole of around 6000. The simulated Planck data include emission from the
CMB, the kinetic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects from galaxy
clusters, as well as Galactic dust, free-free and synchrotron emission. We find
that the MEM technique produces faithful reconstructions of the main input
components over the whole sky, without the need to perform a Galactic cut. The
CMB power spectrum is accurately recovered up to a multipole of around 2000.
The algorithm is parallelised so that the entire reconstruction can be
performed in around 6 hr using 30 R10000 processors on an SGI Origin 2000
supercomputer and requires 14 Gb of memory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168693 </DOCNO>
Bayes' theorem and quantum retrodiction


  We derive on the basis of Bayes' theorem a simple but general expression for
the retrodicted premeasurement state associated with the result of any
measurement. The retrodictive density operator is the normalised probability
operator measure element associated with the result. We examine applications to
quantum optical cryptography and to the optical beam splitter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76376 </DOCNO>
Lower Bound on |U_{e3}|^2 from Single and Double Beta Decay Experiments


  We point out under the assumption of Majorana neutrinos that a lower bound on
the MNS matrix element |U_{e3}|^2 can be derived by using constraint imposed by
neutrinoless double beta decay experiments and by positive detection of
neutrino mass by single beta decay experiments. We show that the lower bound
exists in a narrow region of the ratio of the observables in these two
experiments, <m>_{\beta \beta}/<m>_{\beta}. It means that once the neutrino
mass is detected in the bound-sensitive region one must soon observe signal in
neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4462 </DOCNO>
Superconducting gap and pair breaking in CeRu2 studied by point contacts


  The superconducting gap in a CeRu$_{2}$ single crystal is investigated by
point contacts. BCS-like behavior of the gap $\Delta $ in the temperature range
below T$_{c}^{*}<$T$_{c}$, where T$_{c}$ is the critical temperature, is
established, indicating the presence of a gapless superconductivity region
(between T$_{c}^{*}$ and T$_{c}$). The pair-breaking effect of paramagnetic
impurities, supposedly Ce ions, is taken into consideration using the
Scalski-Betbeder-Matibet-Weiss approach based on Abrikosov-Gorkov theory. It
allows us to recalculate the superconducting order parameter $\Delta ^{\alpha}
$ (in the presence of paramagnetic impurities) and the gap $\Delta ^{P}$ (in
the pure case) for the single crystal and for the previously studied
polycrystalline CeRu$_{2}$. The value 2$\Delta^{P}$(0)$ \approx $2 meV, with
2$\Delta ^{P}$(0)$/$k$_{B}$T$_{c} \approx $3.75, is found in both cases,
indicating that CeRu$_{2}$ is a ``moderate'' strong-coupling superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76299 </DOCNO>
Vacuum condensates and the pion wave functions in the nonlocal chiral


  We use the simple instanton motivated Nambu Jona-Lasinio - type model to
calculate a twist 3 pseudoscalar pion light cone wave function. Using
normalisation condition for this wave function we calculate the quark
condensate and also the gluon condensate, which agree with the phenomenological
values for these quantities. Since we can compute also the k_T^2 dependence of
the light cone wave functions, we calculate k_T^2 moments of the pseudo-scalar
and axial-vector wave functions which are related to the mixed vacuum
condensates. This allows us to extract the condensates and compare them with
existing estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114526 </DOCNO>
The world of synchrotrons


  A summary of results on synchrotron radiation is presented along with notes
on its properties and applications. Quantum aspects are briefly mentioned.
Synchrotron radiation facilities are described briefly with a detailed coverage
to the accelerator programmes in India. The relocated and other upcoming
synchrotrons are also described in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75602 </DOCNO>
B meson light-cone distribution amplitudes in the heavy-quark limit


  We investigate the B meson light-cone distribution amplitudes in the
heavy-quark limit which are relevant for the QCD factorization approach for the
exclusive B meson decays. We derive exact relations between two- and
three-particle distribution amplitudes from the QCD equations of motion and
heavy-quark symmetry constraint. As solution of these relations, we give
representations for the quark-antiquark distribution amplitudes in terms of
independent dynamical degrees of freedom. In particular, we find that the
Wandzura-Wilczek-type contributions are determined uniquely in analytic form in
terms of \bar{\Lambda}, a fundamental mass parameter of heavy-quark effective
theory, and that both leading- and higher-twist distribution amplitudes receive
the contributions of multi-particle states with additional gluons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2022 </DOCNO>
Kinetic-Theoretic Description based on Closed-Time-Path Formalism


  Utilizing a non-equilibrium Green function like the generalized Kadanoff-Baym
ansatz, a systematic perturbative method is presented to calculate the
expectation value of an arbitrary physical quantity under the restriction that
the Wigner distribution function is fixed. It is shown that, in the
diagrammatic expression of the quantity, a certain part of contributions can be
eliminated due to the restriction. Together with the quantum kinetic equation,
this method provides a basis for the kinetic-theoretical description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99001 </DOCNO>
High-Order Terms in the Asymptotic Expansions of the Steady-State


  We derive high-order terms in the asymptotic expansions of the steady-state
voltage potentials in the presence of a finite number of diametrically small
inhomogeneities with conductivities different from the background conductivity.
Our derivation is rigorous, and based on layer potential techniques. The
asymptotic expansions in this paper are valid for inhomogeneities with
Lipschitz boundaries and those with extreme conductivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126793 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity and Astrophysics: The Microwave Background and Other


  The problem of formulating a fully consistent quantum gravity theory (QGT)
has not yet been solved. Even before we are able to work out the details of a
complete theory, however, we do know some important qualitative features to be
expected in any quantum theory. Fluctuations of the metric, for example, are
expected and are associated with fluctuations of the lightcone. Lightcone
fluctuations affect the arrival time of signals from distant sources in
potentially measurable ways, broadening the spectra. In this paper, we start
with a thermal spectrum and derive the form of spectral changes expected in a
wide class of QGTs. We apply these results, valid for any thermal spectrum, to
the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The CMB offers two advantages: (1)
deviations from a thermal spectrum are well constrained, and (2) the radiation
emanates from the most distant source of light, the surface of last scattering.
We use existing CMB data to derive an upper bound on the value of $\Delta t,$
the mean spread in arrival times due to metric fluctuations: ${\Delta t} < 2.1
\times 10^{-14}$ s at the 95% confidence limit. This limit applies to a wide
range of QGTs, and falsifies those predicting a larger spread in arrival times.
We find this limit rules out at least one QGT, the 5-dimensional theory in
which the "extra" dimension is flat. Tests of other models may also be
possible, depending on the results of calculations to predict values of \Delta
t,$ and also a second time scale, $\tau_c,$ the correlation time, which is the
characteristic time scale of the metric fluctuations. We show that stronger
limits on the value of $\Delta t,$ hence on lightcone fluctuations, can likely
be derived through observations of of higher-T sources, e.g., in the X-ray and
gamma-ray regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1571 </DOCNO>
Mutual Inductance Route to Paramagnetic Meissner Effect in 2D Josephson


  We simulate two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays, including full mutual-
inductance effects, as they are cooled below the transition temperature in a
magnetic field. We show numerical simulations of the array magnetization as a
function of position, as detected by a scanning SQUID which is placed at a
fixed height above the array. The calculated magnetization images show striking
agreement with the experimental images obtained by A. Nielsen et al. The
average array magnetization is found to be paramagnetic for many values of the
applied field, confirming that paramagnetism can arise from magnetic screening
in multiply-connected superconductors without the presence of d-wave
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74532 </DOCNO>
Polarized Parton Densities in the Nucleon


  We present a new NLO QCD analysis of the world data on inclusive polarized
deep inelastic scattering. Comparing to our previous analysis: i) the values of
g_A and a_8=3F-D are updated ii) the MRST'99 instead of the MRST'98
parametrization for the input unpolarized parton densities is used and iii) the
recent SLAC E155 proton data on the spin asymmetry A1 are included in the
analysis. A new set of polarized parton densities is extracted from the data
and the sensitivity of the results to different positivity constraints is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83954 </DOCNO>
Quantum algorithm for the Hilbert's tenth problem


  We propose a quantum algorithm for the classically non-computable Hilbert's
tenth problem, which ultimately links to the Turing halting problem. Quantum
continuous variables and quantum adiabatic evolution are employed for an
implementation. Also discussed are a method for the time estimation for the
adiabatic evolution, and a comparison with more the well-known quantum
computation employing a finite number of qubits. Provided certain hamiltonian
and its ground state can be physically constructed according to the algorithm,
the notion of effective computability is extended beyond the Church-Turing
thesis of classical computability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148622 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian vs Lagrangian Embedding of a Massive Spin-one Theory


  We consider the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian embedding of a first-order,
massive spin-one, gauge non-invariant theory involving anti-symmetric tensor
field. We apply the BFV-BRST generalised canonical approach to convert the
model to a first class system and construct nil-potent BFV-BRST charge and an
unitarising Hamiltonian. The canonical analysis of the St\"uckelberg
formulation of this model is presented. We bring out the contrasting feature in
the constraint structure, specifically with respect to the reducibility aspect,
of the Hamiltonian and the Lagrangian embedded model. We show that to obtain
manifestly covariant St\"uckelberg Lagrangian from the BFV embedded
Hamiltonian, phase space has to be further enlarged and show how the reducible
gauge structure emerges in the embedded model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128761 </DOCNO>
Star Formation, Metallicity and Dust Properties Derived from the SAPM


  We have derived star formation rates (SFRs), gas-phase oxygen abundances and
effective dust absorption optical depths for a sample of galaxies drawn from
the Stromlo-APM redshift survey using the new Charlot and Longhetti (2001;
CL01) models, which provide a physically consistent description of the effects
of stars, gas and dust on the integrated spectra of galaxies. Our sample
consists of 705 galaxies with measurements of the fluxes and equivalent widths
of Halpha, [OII], and one or both of [NII] and [SII]. For a subset of the
galaxies, 60 and 100 micron IRAS fluxes are available. We compare the star
formation rates derived using the models with those derived using standard
estimators based on the Halpha, the [OII] and the far-infrared luminosities of
the galaxies. The CL01 SFR estimates agree well with those derived from the
IRAS fluxes, but are typically a factor of ~3 higher than those derived from
the Halpha or the [OII] fluxes, even after the usual mean attenuation
correction of A_Halpha=1 mag is applied to the data. We show that the reason
for this discrepancy is that the standard Halpha estimator neglects the
absorption of ionizing photons by dust in HII regions and the contamination of
Halpha emission by stellar absorption. We also use our sample to study
variations in star formation and metallicity as a function of galaxy absolute
bJ magnitude. For this sample, the star formation rate per unit bJ luminosity
is independent of magnitude. The gas-phase oxygen abundance does increase with
bJ luminosity, although the scatter in metallicity at fixed magnitude is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114436 </DOCNO>
A characteristic frequency of two mutually interacting gas bubbles in an


  Transition frequencies of two spherical gas bubbles interacting in an
acoustic field are discussed theoretically. In the present study, transition
frequency is defined as the frequency of external sound for which the phase
difference between a bubble's pulsation and the external sound is $\pi / 2$. It
is shown by a linear theory that a bubble interacting with a neighboring bubble
has three (or fewer) transition frequencies but only two natural frequencies.
This result means that the bubble has a characteristic frequency besides the
natural frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1833 </DOCNO>
Nonadditive measure and quantum entanglement in a class of mixed states


  Through the generalization of Khinchin's classical axiomatic foundation, a
basis is developed for nonadditive information theory. The classical
nonadditive conditional entropy indexed by the positive parameter q is
introduced and then translated into quantum information. This quantity is
nonnegative for classically correlated states but can take negative values for
entangled mixed states. This property is used to study quantum entanglement in
the parametrized Werner-Popescu-like state of an N^n-system, that is, an
n-partite N-level system. It is shown how the strongest limitation on validity
of local realism (i.e., separability of the state) can be obtained in a novel
manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6634 </DOCNO>
Persistence in Cluster--Cluster Aggregation


  Persistence is considered in diffusion--limited cluster--cluster aggregation,
in one dimension and when the diffusion coefficient of a cluster depends on its
size $s$ as $D(s) \sim s^\gamma$. The empty and filled site persistences are
defined as the probabilities, that a site has been either empty or covered by a
cluster all the time whereas the cluster persistence gives the probability of a
cluster to remain intact. The filled site one is nonuniversal. The empty site
and cluster persistences are found to be universal, as supported by analytical
arguments and simulations. The empty site case decays algebraically with the
exponent $\theta_E = 2/(2 - \gamma)$. The cluster persistence is related to the
small $s$ behavior of the cluster size distribution and behaves also
algebraically for $0 \le \gamma < 2$ while for $\gamma < 0$ the behavior is
stretched exponential. In the scaling limit $t \to \infty$ and $K(t) \to
\infty$ with $t/K(t)$ fixed the distribution of intervals of size $k$ between
persistent regions scales as $n(k;t) = K^{-2} f(k/K)$, where $K(t) \sim
t^\theta$ is the average interval size and $f(y) = e^{-y}$. For finite $t$ the
scaling is poor for $k \ll t^z$, due to the insufficient separation of the two
length scales: the distances between clusters, $t^z$, and that between
persistent regions, $t^\theta$. For the size distribution of persistent regions
the time and size dependences separate, the latter being independent of the
diffusion exponent $\gamma$ but depending on the initial cluster size
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124731 </DOCNO>
Temperature effects on the 15-85-micron spectra of olivines and


  Far-infrared spectra of laboratory silicates are normally obtained at room
temperature even though the grains responsible for astronomical silicate
emission bands seen at wavelengths >20 micron are likely to be at temperatures
below ~150 K. In order to investigate the effect of temperature on silicate
spectra, we have obtained absorption spectra of powdered forsterite and
olivine, along with two orthoenstatites and diopside clinopyroxene, at 3.5+-0.5
K and at room temperature (295+-2K). To determine the changes in the spectra
the resolution must be increased from 1 to 0.25 cm^-1 at both temperatures
since a reduction in temperature reduces the phonon density, thereby reducing
the width of the infrared peaks. Several bands observed at 295 K split at 3.5
K. At 3.5 K the widths of isolated single bands in olivine, enstatites and
diopside are ~ 90% of their 295 K-widths. However, in forsterite the
3.5-K-widths of the 31-, 49- and 69-micron bands are, respectively, 90%, 45%
and 31% of their 295 K widths. Due to an increase in phonon energy as the
lattice contracts, 3.5-K-singlet peaks occur at shorter wavelengths than do the
corresponding 295-K peaks; the magnitude of the wavelength shift increases from
\~ 0-0.2 micron at 25 micron to ~0.9 micron at 80 micron. Changes in the
relative absorbances of spectral peaks are also observed. The temperature
dependence of lambda_pk and bandwidth shows promise as a means to deduce
characteristic temperatures of mineralogically distinct grain populations. In
addition, the observed changes in band strength with temperature will affect
estimates of grain masses and relative mineral abundances inferred using
room-temperature laboratory data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97652 </DOCNO>
The equivalence and the embedding problems for CR-structures of any


  We give a solution to the equivalence and the embedding problems for smooth
CR-submanifolds of complex spaces (and, more generally, for abstract
CR-manifolds) in terms of complete differential systems in jet bundles
satisfied by all CR-equivalences or CR-embeddings respectively (local and
global). For the equivalence problem, the manifolds are assumed to be of finite
type and finitely nondegenerate. These are higher order generalizations of the
corresponding nondegeneracy conditions for the Levi form. It is shown by a
simple example that these nondegeneracy conditions cannot be even slightly
relaxed to more general known conditions. In particular, for essentially finite
hypersurfaces in $\C^2$, such a complete system may not exist in general. For
the embedding problem, the source manifold is assumed to be of finite type and
the embeddings to be finitely nondegenerate. Situations are given, where the
last condition is automatically satisfied by all CR-embeddings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127335 </DOCNO>
Optimal Moments for the Analysis of Peculiar Velocity Surveys


  We present a new method for the analysis of peculiar velocity surveys which
removes contributions to velocities from small scale, nonlinear velocity modes
while retaining information about large scale motions. Our method utilizes
Karhunen--Lo\`eve methods of data compression to construct a set of moments out
of the velocities which are minimally sensitive to small scale power. The set
of moments are then used in a likelihood analysis. We develop criteria for the
selection of moments, as well as a statistic to quantify the overall
sensitivity of a set of moments to small scale power. Although we discuss our
method in the context of peculiar velocity surveys, it may also prove useful in
other situations where data filtering is required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3713 </DOCNO>
Phase Transitions in Non-extensive Spin Systems


  The spherical spin model with infinite-range ferromagnetic interactions is
investigated analytically in the framework of non-extensive thermostatics
generalizing the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics. We show that for
repulsive correlations, a new weak-ferromagnetic phase develops. There is a
tricritical point separating para, weak-ferro and ferro regimes. The transition
from paramagnetic to weak-ferromagnetic phase is an unusual first order phase
transition in which a discontinuity of the averaged order parameter appears,
even for finite number of spins. This result puts in a new way the question of
the stability of critical phenomena with respect to the long-ranged
correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73913 </DOCNO>
Branching Ratios for $B \to K^* \gamma$ and $B \to \rho \gamma$ Decays


  We calculate the so-called hard spectator corrections in ${\cal O}
(\alpha_s)$ in the leading-twist approximation to the decay widths for $B \to
K^{*} \gamma$ and $B \to \rho \gamma$ decays and their charge conjugates, using
the Large Energy Effective Theory (LEET) techniques. Combined with the hard
vertex and annihilation contributions, they are used to compute the branching
ratios for these decays in the next-to-leading order (NLO) in the strong
coupling $\alpha_s$ and in leading power in $\Lambda_{\rm QCD}/M_B$. These
corrections are found to be large, leading to the inference that the
theoretical branching ratios for the decays $B \to K^* \gamma$ in the LEET
approach can be reconciled with current data only for significantly lower
values of the form factors than their estimates in the QCD sum rule and Lattice
QCD approaches. However, the form factor related uncertainties mostly cancel in
the ratios ${\cal B}(B \to \rho \gamma)/{\cal B}(B \to K^* \gamma)$ and $\Delta
= (\Delta^{+0}+ \Delta^{-0})/2$, where $\Delta^{\pm 0} = \Gamma (B^\pm \to
\rho^\pm \gamma)/
  [2 \Gamma (B^0 (\bar B^0)\to \rho^0 \gamma)] - 1$, and hence their
measurements will provide quantitative information on the standard model
parameters, in particular the ratio of the CKM matrix elements $|
V_{td}/V_{ts}|$ and the inner angle $\alpha$ of the CKM-unitarity triangle. We
also calculate direct CP asymmetries for the decays $B^\pm \to \rho^\pm \gamma$
and $B^0/\bar B^0 \to \rho^0 \gamma$ and find, in conformity with the
observations made in the existing literature, that the hard spectator
contributions significantly reduce the asymmetries arising from the vertex
corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129452 </DOCNO>
Galaxy merging and the Fundamental Plane of elliptical galaxies


  We present preliminary results of numerical simulations of dissipationless
merging of stellar systems, aimed at exploring the consequences of merging
between gas free, spheroidal systems. In particular, we study the dynamical and
structural characteristics of hierarchical merging between equal mass stellar
systems, and we compare the properties of the end-products with the most
important structural and dynamical scaling relations obeyed by spheroids. In
the explored hierarchy of four successive mergings we find that the FP tilt is
marginally conserved, but both the Faber-Jackson and Kormendy relations are not
conserved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174841 </DOCNO>
Experimental Conference Summary


  Experimental summary talk given at International Conference on
Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (QM2001), Stony Brook, New York,
15-20 Jan 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81193 </DOCNO>
Spectral function at high temperature


  For a weakly coupled quantum field at high temperature the classical
approximation offers a possibility to gain insight into nonperturbative
real-time dynamics. I use this to present a nonperturbative approach to the
computation of spectral functions in real time. Results are shown for a scalar
field in 2+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174732 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Increase in the Decay of Radioactive 125I by X Ray


  Expanded concepts of photonuclear reaction in Mossbauer type behavior were
applied to radioactive nuclei. An enhanced reduction in radioactivity of 125I
was achieved by X-Ray irradiation using the Brookhaven synchrotron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125938 </DOCNO>
Empirical constraints on alternative gravity theories from gravitational


  If it is hypothesised that there is no dark matter then some alternative
gravitational theory must take the place of general relativity (GR) on the
largest scales. Dynamical measurements can be used to investigate the nature of
such a theory, but only where there is visible matter. Gravitational lensing is
potentially a more powerful probe as it can be used to measure deflections far
from the deflector, and, for sufficiently large separations, allow it to be
treated as a point-mass. Microlensing within the local group does not yet
provide any interesting constraints, as only images formed close to the
deflectors are appreciably magnified, but stacking of multiple light-curves and
observations of microlensing on cosmological scales may be able to discriminate
between GR and non-dark matter theories. Galaxy-galaxy lensing is likely to be
an even more powerful probe of gravity, with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
(SDSS) commissioning data used here to constrain the deflection law of galaxies
to be A(R) propto R^(0.1 +/- 0.1) for impact parameters in the range 50 kpc < R
< 1 Mpc. Together with observations of flat rotation curves, these results
imply that, in any gravitational theory, photons must experience (close to)
twice the deflection of massive particles moving at the speed of light (at
least on these physical scales). The full SDSS data-set will also be sensitive
to asymmetry in the lensing signal and variation of the deflection law with
galaxy type. A detection of either of these effects would represent an
independent confirmation that galaxies are dark matter-dominated; conversely
azimuthal symmetry of the shear signal would rule out the typically ellipsoidal
haloes predicted by most simulations of structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127817 </DOCNO>
Millimeter-Wave Aperture Synthesis Imaging of Vega: Evidence for a Ring


  We present the first millimeter-wave aperture synthesis map of dust around a
main sequence star. A 3'' resolution image of 1.3 mm continuum emission from
Vega reveals a clump of emission 12'' from the star at PA 45 deg, consistent
with the location of maximum 850 micron emission in a lower resolution
JCMT/SCUBA map. The flux density is 4.0+/-0.9 mJy. Adjacent 1.3 mm peaks with
flux densities 3.4+/-1.0 mJy and 2.8+/-0.9 mJy are located 14'' and 13'' from
the star at PA 67 deg and 18 deg, respectively. An arc-like bridge connects the
two strongest peaks. There is an additional 2.4 +/-0.8 mJy peak to the SW 11''
from the star at PA 215 deg and a marginal detection, 1.4+/-0.5 mJy, at the
stellar position, consistent with photospheric emission. An extrapolation from
the 850 micron flux, assuming F_{1.3mm-0.85mm} proportional to lambda^{-2.8},
agrees well with the total detected flux for Vega at 1.3 mm, and implies a dust
emissivity index, beta, of 0.8. We conclude that we have detected all but a
very small fraction of the dust imaged by SCUBA in our aperture synthesis map
and that these grains are largely confined to segments of a ring of radius 95
AU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3936 </DOCNO>
Magnetic exchange interaction induced by a Josephson current


  We show that a Josephson current flowing through a
ferromagnet-normal-metal-ferromagnet trilayer connected to two superconducting
electrodes induces an equilibrium exchange interaction between the magnetic
moments of the ferromagnetic layers. The sign and magnitude of the interaction
can be controlled by the phase difference between the order parameters of the
two superconductors. We present a general framework to calculate the Josephson
current induced magnetic exchange interaction in terms of the scattering
matrices of the different layers. The effect should be observable as the
periodic switching of the relative orientation of the magnetic moments of the
ferromagnetic layers in the ac Josephson effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76673 </DOCNO>
Complementarity of muon-conversion and linear collider-based experiments


  In general, attempts to extend the standard model will include extra gauge
structure. We parameterize string and technicolor models for a Z' boson with
primitive lepton flavor violating interactions. Calculations for its muon
conversion rate (mu N -> e N) on Titanium are made and used to show the
potential of forthcoming experiments MECO at Brookhaven National Laboratory and
PRIME at the Japan Hadron Facility (to be renamed). For reasonable choices of
parameters, such U(1) bosons with masses the order 10 TeV and mu-e Z' charge as
low as ~10^-5 are demonstrated to be accessible for MECO and PRIME. Also, a
demonstration of the complementarity of parameter space coverage for future
colliders and muon conversion experiments is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87130 </DOCNO>
(Conformal) Killing vectors in the Newman-Penrose formalism


  This paper presents an efficient technique for finding Killing, homothetic,
or even proper conformal Killing vectors in the Newman-Penrose (NP) formalism.
Leaning on, and extending, results previously derived in the GHP formalism we
show that the (conformal) Killing equations can be replaced by a set of
equations involving the commutators of the Lie derivative with the four NP
differential operators applied to the four coordinates.
  It is crucial that these operators refer to a preferred tetrad relative to
the (conformal) Killing vectors, a notion to be defined. The equations can then
be readily solved for the Lie derivative of the coordinates, i.e. for the
components of the (conformal) Killing vectors. Some of these equations become
trivial if some coordinates are chosen intrinsically (where possible), i.e. if
they are somehow tied to the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives.
  If part of the tetrad, i.e. part of null directions and gauge, can be defined
intrinsically then that part is generally preferred relative to any Killing
vector. This is also true relative to a homothetic vector or a proper conformal
Killing vector provided we make a further restriction on that intrinsic part of
the tetrad. If because of null isotropy or gauge isotropy, where part of the
tetrad cannot even in principle be defined intrinsically, the tetrad is defined
only up to (usually) one null rotation parameter and/or a gauge factor, then
the NP-Lie equations become slightly more involved and must be solved for the
Lie derivative of the null rotation parameter and/or of the gauge factor as
well. However, the general method remains the same and is still much more
efficient than conventional methods.
  Several explicit examples are given to illustrate the method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74324 </DOCNO>
Chargino Contributions to Epsilon and Epsilon-Prime


  We analyze the chargino contributions to the K-\bar K mixing and
epsilon-prime in the mass insertion approximation and derive the corresponding
bounds on the mass insertion parameters. We find that the chargino
contributions can significantly enlarge the regions of the parameter space
where CP violation can be fully supersymmetric. In principle, the observed
values of epsilon and epsilon-prime may be entirely due to the chargino --
up-squark loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128040 </DOCNO>
Iron K Lines from Gamma Ray Bursts


  We present models for reprocessing of an intense flux of X-rays and gamma
rays expected in the vicinity of gamma ray burst sources. We consider the
transfer and reprocessing of the energetic photons into observable features in
the X-ray band, notably the K lines of iron. Our models are based on the
assumption that the gas is sufficiently dense to allow the microphysical
processes to be in a steady state, thus allowing efficient line emission with
modest reprocessing mass and elemental abundances ranging from solar to
moderately enriched. We show that the reprocessing is enhanced by
down-Comptonization of photons whose energy would otherwise be too high to
absorb on iron, and that pair production can have an effect on enhancing the
line production. While "distant" reprocessors such as supernova or wind
remnants require Fe abundances much larger than solar to reproduce the observed
line luminosities, we show that "nearby" reprocessor models, involving e.g.
outer stellar envelopes, can do so with solar or only modestly enriched
abundances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3515 </DOCNO>
Vortex lattice melting in layered superconductors with periodic columnar


  The melting transition of the vortex lattice in highly anisotropic, layered
superconductors with commensurate, periodic columnar pins is studied in a
geometry where magnetic field and columnar pins are normal to the layers.
Thermodynamic properties and equilibrium density distributions are obtained
from numerical minimizations of an appropriate free-energy functional. We find
a line of first-order transitions that ends at a critical point as the pin
concentration is increased. A simple Landau theory providing a
semi-quantitative explanation of the numerical results is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7166 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Correlations and the Anisotropic Kondo Effect in Ce1-xLaxAl3


  By combining the results of muon spin rotation and inelastic neutron
scattering in the heavy fermion compounds Ce1-xLaxAl3 (0.0 <= x <= 0.2), we
show that static magnetic correlations are suppressed above a characteristic
temperature, T*, by electronic dissipation rather than by thermal disorder.
Below T*, an energy gap opens in the single-ion magnetic response in agreement
with the predictions of the Anisotropic Kondo Model. Scaling arguments suggest
that similar behavior may underlie the "hidden order" in URu2Si2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83825 </DOCNO>
Revenge of the Bell Heads: How the Net Heads Lost Control of the


  A dichotomy in regulatory treatment and corporate cultures exists between
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and telecommunication carriers. Telephone
company executives (Bell Heads) may resent regulation, but they accept their
fate and work creatively to exploit anomalies and opportunities to secure a
regulation-conferred competitive advantage. Most ISP executives (Net Heads)
appear to embrace a libertarian attitude, strongly opposing any government
involvement. Despite the clash of cultures, the telecommunications and Internet
worlds have merged. Such convergence jeopardizes the ability of Net Heads to
avoid some degree of regulation, particularly when they offer services
functionally equivalent to what their Bell Head counterparts offer.
  This paper will assess the regulatory consequences when telecommunication and
Internet services converge in the marketplace and in terms of operating
technologies. The paper identifies commercial developments in the Internet to
support the view that the Internet has become more hierarchical and more like
telecommunication networks. The paper concludes that telecommunication carriers
will display superior skill in working the regulatory process to their
advantage. The paper suggests that Bell Heads will outmaneuver Net Heads
particularly when the revenue siphoning effect of Internet-mediated services
offsets the revenues generated from ISP leases of telecommunication
transmission capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98384 </DOCNO>
Motivic measures and stable birational geometry


  We study the motivic Grothendieck group of algebraic varieties from the point
of view of stable birational geometry. In particular, we obtain a
counter-example to a conjecture of M. Kapranov on the rationality of motivic
zeta-function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125269 </DOCNO>
Radio flares and plasmon size in Cygnus X-3


  We have observed a number of minor radio flares in Cyg X-3 using the MERLIN
array. Photometric observations show the system to be highly active with
multiple flares on hourly timescales over the one month observing programme.
Analysis of the source's power spectrum show no persistent periodicities in
these data, and no evidence of the 4.8 hr orbital period. An upper limit of 15
mJy can be placed on the amplitude of any sinusoidal varaition of source flux
at the orbital period. The brightness temperature of a flare is typically T >
10^{9}- 10^{10} K, with a number of small flares of 5 minute duration having
brightness temperatures of T > few x 10^{11} K. For such a change in flux to
occur within a typical 10 minute timescale, the radiation must originate from
plasmons with a size < 1.22 AU. This emission is unlikely to originate close to
the centre of the system as both the jets and compact object are buried deep
within an optically thick stellar wind. Assuming a spherically symmetric wind,
plasmons would become visible at distances ~ 13 AU from the core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74932 </DOCNO>
Parity Violation in Proton-Proton Scattering at 221 MeV


  The parity-violating longitudinal analyzing power, Az, has been measured in
pp elastic scattering at an incident proton energy of 221 MeV. The result
obtained is Az =(0.84 +/- 0.29 (stat.) +/- 0.17 (syst.)) x 10^{-7}. This
experiment is unique in that it selects a single parity violating transition
amplitude, 3P2-1D2, and consequently directly constrains the weak meson-nucleon
coupling constant h^pp_rho When this result is taken together with the existing
pp parity violation data, the weak meson-nucleon coupling constants h^pp_rho
and h^pp_omega can, for the first time, both be determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169389 </DOCNO>
Temporal imperfections building up correcting codes


  We address the timing problem in realizing correcting codes for quantum
information processing. To deal with temporal uncertainties we employ a
consistent quantum mechanical approach. The conditions for optimizing the
effect of error correction in such a case are determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4433 </DOCNO>
Electronic conduction in multi-walled carbon nanotubes: Role of


  Geometry incommensurability between weakly coupled shells in multi-walled
carbon nanotubes is shown to be the origin of unconventional electronic
conduction mechanism, power-law scaling of the conductance, and remarkable
magnetotransport and low temperature dependent conductivity when the dephasing
mechanism is dominated by weak electron-electron coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98738 </DOCNO>
Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants of Seifert 3-manifolds and a rational


  We calculate the RT-invariants of all oriented Seifert manifolds directly
from surgery presentations. We work in the general framework of an arbitrary
modular category as in [V. G. Turaev, Quantum invariants of knots and
3--manifolds, de Gruyter Stud. Math. 18, Walter de Gruyter (1994)], and the
invariants are expressed in terms of the S- and T-matrices of the modular
category. In another direction we derive a rational surgery formula, which
states how the RT-invariants behave under rational surgery along framed links
in arbitrary closed oriented 3-manifolds with embedded colored ribbon graphs.
The surgery formula is used to give another derivation of the RT-invariants of
Seifert manifolds with orientable base.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125508 </DOCNO>
Accretion Flows in X--Ray Binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei


  Hard X-ray emission is ubiquitous in accreting black holes, both in Galactic
binary systems and in Active Galactic Nuclei. I review the different spectra
which can be seen from these systems, and possible ways of producing this
emission. X-ray reflection should give an observational test of these
scenarios, but we need better models before this can give an unambiguous
diagnostic of the accretion geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179565 </DOCNO>
Doorway states for one-nucleon transfer reactions as a test for current


  The naturalness concept of the effective field theory is not confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97752 </DOCNO>
A bilinear Airy- estimate with application to gKdV-3


  The Fourier restriction norm method is used to show local wellposedness for
the Cauchy Problem for the generalized KdV-equation of order three with data in
the usual Sobolev space H^s, s > -1/6. For real valued data in L^2 global
wellposedness follows by the conservation of the L^2-norm. The main new tool is
a bilinear estimate for solutions of the Airy- equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83837 </DOCNO>
Between a rock and a hard place: assessing the application of domestic


  South Africa adopted the GATS Basic Agreement on Telecommunications and the
regulatory principles in 1998. Obligations undertaken by South Africa mirrored
the framework for the gradual telecommunications reform process that was begun
in 1996. In the light of two threatened actions for anti-competitive practices
in violation of the Agreement, this paper reviews the nature of the commitments
undertaken by South Africa and assesses the country's compliance to date. This
paper also seeks to explore the tension that arises between domestic policy
reforms and international trade aspirations. It is argued that the dynamic
produced through this tension affords domestic governments a mechanism with
which to balance the seemingly opposing goals of competition and development.
It is further argued that the broad regulatory principles, adopted by all
signatories and often criticized for lack of precision, facilitate this fine
balancing and affords domestic governments an opportunity to advance sovereign
concerns while pursuing international trade ideals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5184 </DOCNO>
X-ray anomalous scattering investigations on the charge order in


  Anomalous x-ray diffraction studies show that the charge ordering in
$\alpha^\prime$-NaV$_2$O$_5$ is of zig-zag type in all vanadium ladders. We
have found that there are two models of the stacking of layers along
\emph{c-}direction, each of them consisting of 2 degenerated patterns, and that
the experimental data is well reproduced if the 2 patterns appears
simultaneously. We believe that the low temperature structure contains stacking
faults separating regions corresponding to the four possible patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6434 </DOCNO>
Superconductor-Insulator Transition in a Capacitively Coupled


  We present results on disordered amorphous films which are expected to
undergo a field-tuned Superconductor-Insulator Transition.The addition of a
parallel ground plane in proximity to the film changes the character of the
transition.Although the screening effects expected from "dirty-boson" theories
are not evident,there is evidence that the ground plane couples a certain type
of dissipation into the system,causing a dissipation-induced phase
transition.The dissipation due to the phase transition couples similarly into
quantum phase transition systems such as superconductor-insulator transitions
and Josephson junction arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81263 </DOCNO>
Heavy-light decay constants with three dynamical flavors


  We present preliminary results for the heavy-light leptonic decay constants
in the presence of three light dynamical flavors. We generate dynamical
configurations with improved staggered and gauge actions and analyze them for
heavy-light physics with tadpole improved clover valence quarks. When the scale
is set by $m_\rho$, we find an increase of approximately 23% in $f_B$ with
three dynamical flavors over the quenched case. Discretization errors appear to
be small (of order 3% or less) in the quenched case but have not yet been
measured in the dynamical case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40979 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to a Global Fit of the CKM Matrix


  We report on a global CKM matrix analysis taking into account most recent
experimental and theoretical results. The statistical framework (Rfit)
developed in this paper advocates formal frequentist statistics. Other
approaches, such as Bayesian statistics or the 95% CL scan method are also
discussed. We emphasize the distinction of a model testing and a model
dependent, metrological phase in which the various parameters of the theory are
determined. Measurements and theoretical parameters entering the global fit are
thoroughly discussed, in particular with respect to their theoretical
uncertainties. Graphical results for confidence levels are drawn in various one
and two-dimensional parameter spaces. Numerical results are provided for all
relevant CKM parameterizations, the CKM elements and theoretical input
parameters. Predictions for branching ratios of rare K and B meson decays are
obtained. A simple, predictive SUSY extension of the Standard Model is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7178 </DOCNO>
Evidence for short range orbital order in paramagnetic insulating


  The local structure of (Al_0.06V_0.94)_2O_3 in the paramagnetic insulating
(PI) and antiferromagnetically ordered insulating (AFI) phase has been
investigated using hard and soft x-ray absorption techniques. It is shown that:
1) on a local scale, the symmetry of the vanadium sites in both the PI and the
AFI phase is the same; and 2) the vanadium 3d - oxygen 2p hybridization, as
gauged by the oxygen 1s absorption edge, is the same for both phases, but
distinctly different from the paramagnetic metallic phase of pure V_2O_3. These
findings can be understood in the context of a recently proposed model which
relates the long range monoclinic distortion of the antiferromagnetically
ordered state to orbital ordering, if orbital short range order in the PI phase
is assumed. The measured anisotropy of the x-ray absorption spectra is
discussed in relation to spin-polarized density functional calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76257 </DOCNO>
Brane-Antibrane Inflation in Orbifold and Orientifold Models


  We analyse the cosmological implications of brane-antibrane systems in
string-theoretic orbifold and orientifold models. In a class of realistic
models, consistency conditions require branes and antibranes to be stuck at
different fixed points, and so their mutual attraction generates a potential
for one of the radii of the underlying torus or the 4D string dilaton. Assuming
that all other moduli have been fixed by string effects, we find that this
potential leads naturally to a period of cosmic inflation with the radion or
dilaton field as the inflaton. The slow-roll conditions are satisfied more
generically than if the branes were free to move within the space. The
appearance of tachyon fields at certain points in moduli space indicates the
onset of phase transitions to different non-BPS brane systems, providing ways
of ending inflation and reheating the corresponding observable brane universe.
In each case we find relations between the inflationary parameters and the
string scale to get the correct spectrum of density perturbations. In some
examples the small numbers required as inputs are no smaller than 0.01, and are
the same small quantities which are required to explain the gauge hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1015 </DOCNO>
Ferroelectrics with Low-energy Electronic Excitations


  We formulate a general theory of the dielectric response of a lattice with a
structural transition and a polarization instability due to a soft-optic mode
coupled to low energy electronic excitations by the electromagnetic fields. the
electronic excitations considered are in two-limits; those of a low density of
free-electrons or those of a low density of strongly localized electrons in the
Coulomb-glass phase. The ferroelectric transition in the absence of the
electronic-excitations and the low energy dielectric properties are shown to be
strongly modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179078 </DOCNO>
Mutual heavy ion dissociation in peripheral collisions at


  We study mutual dissociation of heavy nuclei in peripheral collisions at
ultrarelativistic energies. Earlier this process was proposed for beam
luminosity monitoring via simultaneous registration of forward and backward
neutrons in zero degree calorimeters at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.
Electromagnetic dissociation of heavy ions is considered in the framework of
the Weizsacker-Williams method and simulated by the RELDIS code. Photoneutron
cross sections measured in different experiments and calculated by the GNASH
code are used as input for the calculations of dissociation cross sections. The
difference in results obtained with different inputs provides a realistic
estimation for the systematic uncertainty of the luminosity monitoring method.
Contribution to simultaneous neutron emission due to grazing nuclear
interactions is calculated within the abrasion model. Good description of CERN
SPS experimental data on Au and Pb dissociation gives confidence in predictive
power of the model for AuAu and PbPb collisions at RHIC and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148985 </DOCNO>
Supergravity Supertubes


  We find the supergravity solution sourced by a supertube: a
(1/4)-supersymmetric D0-charged IIA superstring that has been blown up to a
cylindrical D2-brane by angular momentum. The supergravity solution captures
all essential features of the supertube, including the D2-dipole moment and an
upper bound on the angular momentum: violation of this bound implies the
existence of closed timelike curves, with a consequent ghost-induced
instability of supertube probes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127859 </DOCNO>
A Numerical Study of the Chemo-Dynamical Evolution of Elliptical


  We investigate the chemo-dynamical evolution of elliptical galaxies, to
understand the origin of the mass-dependence of photometric properties such as
the colour-magnitude relation (CMR). Our three-dimensional TREE N-body/SPH
numerical simulation takes into account both Type II and Type Ia supernovae and
follows the evolution of the abundances of several chemical elements. We derive
the photometric properties of the simulation end-products and compare them with
the observed CMR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95389 </DOCNO>
Weak Hopf algebra symmetries of C^*-algebra inclusions


  After a summary on module algebra actions of C^*-weak Hopf algebras we
outline the proof of a reconstruction theorem stating that every finite index
depth 2 inclusion N < M of unital C^*-algebras with finite dimensional centers
is isomorphic to the invariant subalgebra inclusion M^A < M with respect to a
regular weak Hopf algebra action. The proof uses the language of
C^*-2-categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6039 </DOCNO>
Dynamical correlations in half-metallic manganites


  Motivated by the recent optical and photoemission measurements on
half-metallic ferromagnetic three-dimensional manganites, we combine a
tight-binding fit of the one-particle bandstructure with the dynamical
mean-field theory, which treats the dynamical orbital correlations and the
combination of Jahn-Teller and doping-induced disorder on the same footing. We
show how all of the above effects are necessary to obtain good semiquantitative
agreement with experimental features. As applications, we show how modest
external magnetic fields drive drastic changes in the optical spectrum,
demonstrating the {\it colossal ac magnetoconductivity}. The photoemission
lineshape contribution is evaluated, and good agreement with published
experimental work is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125703 </DOCNO>
Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distance for the Sculptor Group Dwarf ESO


  We present the first VI CCD photometry for the Sculptor group galaxy ESO
540-032 obtained at the Very Large Telescope UT1+FORS1. The (I, V-I)
colour-magnitude diagram indicates that this intermediate-type dwarf galaxy is
dominated by old, metal-poor ([Fe/H]~-1.7 dex) stars, with a small population
of slightly more metal-rich ([Fe/H]~-1.3 dex), young (age 150-500 Myr) stars. A
discontinuity in the I-band luminosity function is detected at I_0 = 23.44 \pm
0.09 mag. Interpreting this feature as the tip of the red giant branch and
adopting M_I=-4.20\pm 0.10 mag for its absolute magnitude, we have determined a
Population II distance modulus of (m - M)_0=27.64 \pm 0.14 mag (3.4 \pm 0.2
Mpc). This distance confirms ESO 540-032 as a member of the nearby Sculptor
group but is significantly larger than a previously reported value based on the
Surface Brightness Fluctuation (SBF) method. The results from stellar
population synthesis models suggest that the application of the SBF technique
on dwarf galaxies with mixed morphology requires a detailed knowledge of the
underlying stellar composition and thus offers no advantage over a direct
distance measurement using the tip of the red giant branch as distance
indicator. We produce the surface brightness profiles for ESO 540-032 and
derive the photometric and structural parameters. The global properties follow
closely the relations between metallicity and both absolute magnitude and
central surface brightness defined by dwarf elliptical galaxies in the Local
Group. Finally, we identify and discuss a non-stellar object near the galaxy
center which may resemble a globular cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41181 </DOCNO>
Higgs Searches at the Tevatron


  This paper describes the searches for the Higgs boson performed by the CDF
and D0 collaborations at the Tevatron ppbar Collider using the data collected
in the 1992-95 run. Searches for standard model Higgs and as well for neutral
and charged minimal SUSY Higgs bosons are also presented. No signal has been
observed and limits are set for production cross sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168993 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic Instantaneous Quantum Computation


  The principle of teleportation is used to perform a quantum computation even
before its quantum input is defined. The basic idea is to perform the quantum
computation at some earlier time with qubits which are part of an entangled
state. At a later time a generalized Bell state measurement is performed
jointly on the then defined actual input qubits and the rest of the entangled
state. This projects with a certain probability the output state onto the
correct one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95723 </DOCNO>
Deligne's Conjecture on 1-Motives


  We reformulate a conjecture of Deligne on 1-motives by using the integral
weight filtration of Gillet and Soul\'e on cohomology, and prove it. This
implies the original conjecture up to isogeny. If the degree of cohomology is
at most two, we can prove the conjecture for the Hodge realization without
isogeny, and even for 1-motives with torsion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124238 </DOCNO>
Romano's star in M33 - LBV candidate or LBV?


  We present the light curve of Luminous Blue Variable candidate star GR290
(Romano's star) in M33. The photographic photometry was made in photographic
plates taken in B band of the M33 galaxy and cover an eight year period, 1982 -
1990. Twenty five plates, separated in seven groups, have been used. CCD B
magnitude of the star is also presented. The analysis of our data together with
the Romano's magnitudes (1978) shows "normal" eruptions with amplitude of more
than 1 mag and timescale of about 20 years and smaller oscillations with
amplitude 0.5 mag and a period of about 320 days. This is a typical
photometrical behavior for LBVs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 954 </DOCNO>
The growth of structure in the intergalactic medium


  A {\it stochastic adhesion} model is introduced, with the purpose of
describing the formation and evolution of mildly nonlinear structures, such as
sheets and filaments, in the intergalactic medium (IGM), after hydrogen
reionization. The model is based on replacing the overall force acting on the
baryon fluid -- as it results from the composition of local gravity, pressure
gradients and Hubble drag -- by a mock external force, self-consistently
calculated from first-order perturbation theory. A small kinematic viscosity
term prevents shell-crossing on small scales (which arises because of the
approximate treatment of pressure gradients). The emerging scheme is an
extension of the well-known adhesion approximation for the dark matter
dynamics, from which it only differs by the presence of a small-scale `random'
force, characterizing the IGM. Our algorithm is the ideal tool to obtain the
skeleton of the IGM distribution, which is responsible for the structure
observed in the low-column density Ly$\alpha$ forest in the absorption spectra
of distant quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96870 </DOCNO>
On adic genus, Postnikov conjugates, and lambda-rings


  Sufficient conditions on a space are given which guarantee that the
$K$-theory ring and the ordinary cohomology ring with coefficients over a
principal ideal domain are invariants of, respectively, the adic genus and the
SNT set. An independent proof of Notbohm's theorem on the classification of the
adic genus of $BS^3$ by $KO$-theory $\lambda$-rings is given. An immediate
consequence of these results about adic genus is that the power series ring
$\mathbf{Z} \lbrack \lbrack x \rbrack \rbrack$ admits uncountably many pairwise
non-isomorphic $\lambda$-ring structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149399 </DOCNO>
Quantum corrections for BTZ black hole via 2D reduced model


  The one-loop quantum corrections for BTZ black hole are considered using the
dimensionally reduced 2D model. Cases of 3D minimal and conformal coupling are
analyzed. Two cases are considered: minimally coupled and conformally coupled
3D scalar matter. In the minimal case, the Hartle-Hawking and Unruh vacuum
states are defined and the corresponding semiclassical corrections of the
geometry are found. The calculations are done for the conformal case too, in
order to make the comparison with the exact results obtained previously in the
special case of spinless black hole. Beside that we find exact corrections for
AdS black hole for 2D minimally coupled scalar field in the Hatrle-Hawking and
Boulware state

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75552 </DOCNO>
A gobal fit to the anomalous magnetic moment, Higgs limit and b->s gamma


  New data on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon together with the b->s
gamma decay rate and Higgs limits are considered within the supergravity
inspired constrained minimal supersymmetric model. We perform a global
statistical chi2 analysis of these data and show that the allowed region of
parameter space is bounded from below by the Higgs limit, which depends on the
trilinear coupling and from above by the anomalous magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4770 </DOCNO>
Dynamic correlations of the Coulomb Luttinger liquid


  The dynamic density response function, form-factor, and spectral function of
a Luttinger liquid with Coulomb electron-electron interaction are studied with
the emphasis on the short-range electron correlations. The Coulomb interaction
changes dramatically the density response function as compared to the case of
the short-ranged interaction. The form of the density response function is
smoothing with time, and the oscillatory structure appears. However, the
spectral functions remain qualitatively the same. The dynamic form-factor
contains the $\delta$-peak in the long-wave region, corresponding to one-boson
excitations. Besides, the multi-boson-excitations band exists in the
wave-number region near to $2k_F$. The dynamic form-factor diverges at the
edges of this band, while the dielectric function goes to zero there, which
indicates the appearance of a soft mode. We develop a method to analyze the
asymptotics of the spectral functions near to the edges of the
multi-boson-excitations band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126543 </DOCNO>
The Spatial Clustering of Distant, z~1, Early-Type Galaxies


  We examine the spatial clustering of extremely red objects (EROs) found in a
relatively large survey of 700 arcmin^2, containing 400 galaxies with R-Ks>5 to
Ks=19.2. A comoving correlation length r_0=12\pm3 /h Mpc is derived, under the
assumption that the selection function is described by a passively evolving
early-type galaxy population, with an effective redshift of z~1.2. This
correlation length is very similar to that of local L* elliptical galaxies
implying, at face value, no significant clustering evolution in comoving
coordinates of early-type galaxies to the limiting depth of our sample, z~1.5.
A rapidly evolving clustering bias can be designed to reproduce a null result;
however, our data do not show the corresponding strong reduction in the average
population density expected for consistency with underlying growth of the
mass-function. We discuss our data in the context of recent ideas regarding
bias evolution. The uncertainty we quote on r_0 accounts for the spikey
redshift distribution expected along relatively narrow sightlines, which we
quantify with detailed simulations. This is an improvement over the standard
use of Limber's equation which, because of its implicit assumption of a smooth
selection function, underestimates the true noise by a factor of ~ 3 for the
parameters of our survey. We propose a general recipe for the analysis of
angular clustering, suggesting that any measurement of the angular clustering
amplitude, A, has an intrinsic additional uncertainty of \sigma_A/A=\sqrt{AC},
where AC is the appropriate integral constraint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149523 </DOCNO>
G-Fluxes and Non-Perturbative Stabilisation of Heterotic M-Theory


  We examine heterotic M-theory with a parallel M5 brane. After deriving the
four-dimensional low-energy supergravity potential including open membrane
instantons, gaugino condensation and M5 brane instantons, we focus on the first
two non-perturbative effects. We find in the pure open membrane case, where the
parallel M5 gets stabilized at the middle of the orbifold interval, that the
vacuum energy is manifestly positive and that the orbifold-length and volume
modulus are stabilized. Here, the leading terms of the potential vanish and it
is essential to include all subleading corrections. In the pure gaugino
condensation case the orbifold-length is stabilized, essentially from
K\"ahler-potential terms, at small values and the M5 at the hidden boundary.
Since the M5 looses then its influence on the running of the Calabi-Yau volume,
the same stabilisation should occur if the M5 would be absent. Finally we
combine both open membrane and gaugino condensation effects and show how the
latter slightly modifies the dominant open membrane effects. For those vacua we
determine the supersymmetry-breaking scale and the gravitino mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113344 </DOCNO>
Spatio-Temporal Scaling of Solar Surface Flows


  The Sun provides an excellent natural laboratory for nonlinear phenomena. We
use motions of magnetic bright points on the solar surface, at the smallest
scales yet observed, to study the small scale dynamics of the photospheric
plasma. The paths of the bright points are analyzed within a continuous time
random walk framework. Their spatial and temporal scaling suggest that the
observed motions are the walks of imperfectly correlated tracers on a turbulent
fluid flow in the lanes between granular convection cells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97861 </DOCNO>
Products of Factorials Modulo p


  A study of products of factorials modulo p and complete residues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129037 </DOCNO>
A CCD mosaic of an extended remnant in Cygnus


  We present the first CCD mosaic ever produced for the supernova remnant G
65.3+5.7 in [OII] 3727 at a moderate angular resolution. The remnant was
observed with the 0.3 m wide-field telescope at Skinakas Observatory, Crete,
Greece. Low resolution spectroscopy was performed at selected areas around this
extended remnant. The spectral data are under analysis, while a first
processing of the imaging observations produced impressive results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168814 </DOCNO>
Quantum subroutine problem and the robustness of quantum complexity


  This paper positively solves the quantum subroutine problem for fully quantum
oracles. The quantum subroutine problem asks whether a quantum computer with an
efficiently computable oracle can be efficiently simulated by a non-oracle
quantum computer. We extends the earlier results obtained by Bennett,
Bernstein, Brassard, and Vazirani, and by Aharonov, Kitaev, and Nisan to the
case where the oracle evaluates a unitary operator and the computer is allowed
to be in the superposition of a query state and a non-query state during
computation. We also prove the robustness of {\bf EQP}, {\bf BQP}, and {\bf
ZQP} under the above general formulation, extending the earlier results on the
robustness of {\bf BQP} shown by Bennett et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168536 </DOCNO>
Designing optimum CP maps for quantum teleportation


  We study general teleportation scheme with an arbitrary state of the pair of
particles (2 and 3) shared by Alice and Bob, and arbitrary measurements on the
input particle 1 and one of the members (2) of the pair on Alice's side. We
find an efficient iterative algorithm for identifying optimum local operations
on Bob's side. In particular we find that simple unitary transformations on his
side are not always optimal even if particles 2 and 3 are perfectly entangled.
We describe the most interesting protocols in the language of extremal
completely-positive maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95589 </DOCNO>
Algebras generated by two bounded holomorphic functions


  We study the closure in the Hardy space or the disk algebra of algebras
generated by two bounded functions, of which one is a finite Blaschke product.
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for density or finite codimension
of such algebras. The conditions are expressed in terms of the inner part of a
function which is explicitly derived from each pair of generators. Our results
are based on identifying z-invariant subspaces included in the closure of the
algebra. Versions of these results for the case of the disk algebra are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5551 </DOCNO>
Exact Result for the Nonlocal Conserved Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation


  I analyze the Nonlocal Conserved Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (NCKPZ) equation with
spatially correlated noise. This equation is also known as the Nonlocal
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (NMBE) equation and was originally suggested to study
the effect of the long-range nature of interactions coupled with spatially
correlated noise on the dynamics of a volume conserving surface. I find an
exact result for a subfamily of NCKPZ models in one dimension, and thus
establish an exact result for MBE processes for the first time. Then, to
complete the picture, I construct a Self-Consistent Expansion (SCE) and get
results that are consistent with the exact result in one dimension. I conclude
by discussing previous results obtained for NCKPZ using dynamic renormalization
group approach, and find that this approach does not yield the exact result I
obtain. This discussion shows the advantage of the using SCE to deal with
non-linear stochastic equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2808 </DOCNO>
Phase transition and spin-wave dispersion in quantum Hall bilayers at


  We present an effective Hamiltonian for a bilayer quantum Hall system at
filling factor $\nu=1$ neglecting charge fluctuations. Our model is formulated
in terms of spin and pseudospin operators and is an exact representation of the
system within the above approximation. We analyze its low-lying excitations in
terms of spin-wave theory. Moreover we add to previous first-principle
exact-diagonalization studies concentrating on the quantum phase transition
seen in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96810 </DOCNO>
Circles Minimize most Knot Energies


  We define a new class of knot energies (known as renormalization energies)
and prove that a broad class of these energies are uniquely minimized by the
round circle. Most of O'Hara's knot energies belong to this class. This proves
two conjectures of O'Hara and of Freedman, He, and Wang. We also find energies
not minimized by a round circle. The proof is based on a theorem of G. Luko on
average chord lengths of closed curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1138 </DOCNO>
Superposition of macroscopic numbers of atoms and molecules


  We theoretically examine photoassociation of a non-ideal Bose-Einstein
condensate, focusing on evidence for a macroscopic superposition of atoms and
molecules. This problem raises an interest because, rather than two states of a
given object, an atom-molecule system is a seemingly impossible macroscopic
superposition of different objects. Nevertheless, photoassociation enables
coherent intraparticle conversion, and we thereby propose a viable scheme for
creating a superposition of a macroscopic number of atoms with a macroscopic
number of molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128864 </DOCNO>
Detection of CDM Substructure


  The properties of multiple image gravitational lenses require a fractional
surface mass density in satellites of f=0.02 (0.006 < f < 0.07 at 90%
confidence) that is consistent with the expectations for CDM. The
characteristic satellite mass scale, 10^6-10^9 Msun, is also consistent with
the expectations for CDM. The agreement between the observed and expected
density of CDM substructure shows that most low mass galactic satellites fail
to form stars, and this absence of star formation explains the discrepancy
between the number of observed Galactic satellites and CDM predictions rather
than any modification to the CDM theory such as self-interacting dark matter or
a warm dark matter component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179200 </DOCNO>
E2 and M1 strengths in heavy deformed nuclei


  Energy levels of the four lowest bands in 160,162,164Dy and 168Er, B(E2)
transition strengths between the levels, and the B(M1) strength distribution of
the ground state, all calculated within the framework of pseudo-SU(3) model,
are presented. Realistic single-particle energies and quadrupole-quadrupole and
pairing interaction strengths fixed from systematics were used in the
calculations. The strengths of four rotor-like terms, all small relative to the
other terms in the interaction, were adjusted to give an overall best fit to
the energy spectra. The procedure yielded consistent parameter sets for the
four nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76471 </DOCNO>
M-Theory on a Supermanifold


  A conjectured finite M-theory based on eleven-dimensional supergravity
formulated in a superspace with a non-anticommutative <>-product of field
operators is proposed. Supermembranes are incorporated in the superspace
<>-product formalism. When the deformed supersymmetry invariant action of
eleven-dimensional supergravity theory is expanded about the standard
supersymmetry invariant action, the spontaneously compactified M-theory can
yield a four-dimensional de Sitter spacetime inflationary solution with dark
energy described by the four-form F-fields. A fit to the present cosmological
data for an accelerating universe is obtained from matter fields describing the
dominant dark matter and the four-form F-field dark energy. Chiral fermions are
obtained from the M-theory by allowing singularities in the compact internal
seven-dimensional space. The possibility of obtaining a realistic M-theory
containing the standard model is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129206 </DOCNO>
Location of Narrowband Spikes in Solar Flares


  Narrowband spikes of the decimeter type have been identified in dynamic
spectrograms of Phoenix-2 of ETH Zurich and located in position with the Nancay
Radioheliograph at the same frequency. The spike positions have been compared
with the location of hard X-ray emission and the thermal flare plasma in soft
X-rays and EUV lines. The decimetric spikes are found to be single sources
located some 20" to 400" away from the flare site in hard or soft X-rays. In
most cases there is no bright footpoint nearby. In at least two cases the
spikes are near loop tops. These observations do not confirm the widely held
view that the spike emission is produced by some loss-cone instability masering
near the footpoints of flare loops. On the other hand, the large distance to
the flare sites and the fact that these spikes are all observed in the flare
decay phase make the analyzed spike sources questionable sites for the main
flare electron acceleration. They possibly indicate coronal post-flare
acceleration sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72728 </DOCNO>
Measuring Time-Dependence of Dark Energy Density from Type Ia Supernova


  Observations of high redshift supernovae imply an accelerating Universe which
can only be explained by an unusual energy component such as vacuum energy or
quintessence. To assess the ability of current and future supernova data to
constrain the properties of the dark energy, we allow its density to have
arbitrary time-dependence, $\rho_X(z)$. This leads to an equation of state for
the dark energy, $w_X(z)=p_X(z)/\rho_X(z)$, which is a free function of
redshift $z$. We find that current type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) data are
consistent with a cosmological constant, with large uncertainties at $z\ga
0.5$. We show that $\rho_X(z)/\rho_X(z=0)$ can be measured reasonably well to
about $z=1.5$ using type Ia supernova data from realistic future SN Ia pencil
beam surveys, provided that the weak energy condition (energy density of matter
is nonnegative for any observer) is imposed.
  While it is only possible to differentiate between different models (say,
quintessence and k-essence) at $z \la 1.5$ using realistic data, the correct
trend in the time-dependence of the dark energy density can be clearly detected
out to $z=2$, even in the presence of plausible systematic effects. This would
allow us to determine whether the dark energy is a cosmological constant, or
some exotic form of energy with a time-dependent density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41607 </DOCNO>
Review of Final LEP Results or A Tribute to LEP


  After a comment on the performance of LEP some highlights of the LEP1 and
LEP2 physics programmes are reviewed. The talk concentrates on the precision
measurements at the Z resonance, two fermion production above the Z, W+W-
production, ZZ production, indirect limits on the Higgs mass, LEP contributions
to the exploration of the CKM matrix, and on the LEP measurements of alpha_s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75029 </DOCNO>
Top quark spin correlations at hadron colliders: Predictions at


  The collider experiments at the Tevatron and the LHC will allow for detailed
investigations of the properties of the top quark. This requires precise
predictions of the hadronic production of $t\bar t$ pairs and of their
subsequent decays. In this Letter we present for the reactions $p {\bar p}, p p
\to t{\bar t} + X \to \ell^+\ell'^-X$ the first calculation of the dilepton
angular distribution at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the QCD coupling,
keeping the full dependence on the spins of the intermediate $t\bar{t}$ state.
The angular distribution reflects the degree of correlation of the $t$ and
$\bar t$ spins which we determine for different choices of $t$ and $\bar t$
spin bases. In the case of the Tevatron, the QCD corrections are sizeable, and
the distribution is quite sensitive to the parton content of the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2471 </DOCNO>
An Information-Based Neural Approach to Constraint Satisfaction


  A novel artificial neural network approach to constraint satisfaction
problems is presented. Based on information-theoretical considerations, it
differs from a conventional mean-field approach in the form of the resulting
free energy. The method, implemented as an annealing algorithm, is numerically
explored on a testbed of K-SAT problems. The performance shows a dramatic
improvement to that of a conventional mean-field approach, and is comparable to
that of a state-of-the-art dedicated heuristic (Gsat+Walk). The real strength
of the method, however, lies in its generality -- with minor modifications it
is applicable to arbitrary types of discrete constraint satisfaction problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81389 </DOCNO>
The three-loop beta-fuction of QCD with the clover action


  We calculate, to 3 loops in perturbation theory, the bare $\beta$-function of
QCD, formulated on the lattice with the clover fermionic action. The dependence
of our result on the number of colors $N$, the number of fermionic flavors
$N_f$, as well as the clover parameter $c_{SW}$, is shown explicitly.
  A direct outcome of our calculation is the two-loop relation between the bare
coupling constant $g_0$ and the one renormalized in the MS-bar scheme.
  Further, we can immediately derive the three-loop correction to the relation
between the lattice $\Lambda$-parameter and $g_0$, which is important in checks
of asymptotic scaling. For typical values of $c_{SW}$, this correction is found
to be very pronounced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2984 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature bosonization


  Finite temperature properties of a non-Fermi liquid system is one of the most
challenging probelms in current understanding of strongly correlated electron
systems. The paradigmatic arena for studying non-Fermi liquids is in one
dimension, where the concept of a Luttinger liquid has arisen. The existence of
a critical point at zero temperature in one dimensional systems, and the fact
that experiments are all undertaken at finite temperature, implies a need for
these one dimensional systems to be examined at finite temperature.
Accordingly, we extended the well-known bosonization method of one dimensional
electron systems to finite temperatures. We have used this new bosonization
method to calculate finite temperature asymptotic correlation functions for
linear fermions, the Tomonaga-Luttinger model, and the Hubbard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123886 </DOCNO>
CCD-based observations of PG 0856+121 and a theoretical analysis of its


  BVRI CCD-based and near-IR (J) imaging, together with unfiltered photometry
of the hot subdwarf B star PG 0856+121 are reported. Two close, faint, red,
point-like sources are resolved. They account for the previously reported IR
excess observed in this hot subdwarf. In addition, the new unfiltered
differential photometry of PG 0856+121 confirms its previously reported
pulsational nature. A comparison with the oscillation modes of stellar models
suggests the possible presence of g modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96937 </DOCNO>
The impact of the infinite primes on the Riemann hypothesis for


  In math.NT/9907019 we proposed an analog of the classical Riemann hypothesis
for characteristic p valued L-series based on the work of Wan, Diaz-Vargas,
Thakur, Poonen, and Sheats for the zeta function $\zeta_{\Fr[\theta]}(s)$.
During the writing of math.NT/9907019, we made two assumptions that have
subsequently proved to be incorrect. The first assumption is that we can ignore
the trivial zeroes of characteristic p L-series in formulating our conjectures.
Instead, we show here how the trivial zeroes influence nearby zeroes and so
lead to counter-examples of the original Riemann hypothesis analog. We then
sketch an approach to handling such ``near-trivial'' zeroes via Hensel's and
Krasner's Lemmas (whereas classically one uses Gamma-factors). Moreover, we
show that $\zeta_{\Fr[\theta]}(s)$ is not representative of general L-series
as, surprisingly, all its zeroes are near-trivial, much as the Artin-Weil
zeta-function of $\mathbb{P}^1/\Fr$ is not representative of general complex
L-functions of curves over finite fields. Consequently, the ``critical zeroes''
(= all zeroes not effected by the trivial zeroes) of characteristic p L-series
now appear to be quite mysterious. The second assumption made while writing
math.NT/9907019 is that certain Taylor expansions of classical L-series of number
fields would exhibit complicated behavior with respect to their zeroes. We
present a simple argument that this is not so, and, at the same time, give a
characterization of functional equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5857 </DOCNO>
Angle-resolved photoemission study and first principles calculation of


  The electronic band structure of GaTe has been calculated by numerical atomic
orbitals density-functional theory, in the local density approximation. In
addition, the valence-band dispersion along various directions of the GaTe
Brillouin zone has been determined experimentally by angle-resolved
photoelectron spectroscopy. Along these directions, the calculated valence-band
structure is in good concordance with the valence-band dispersion obtained by
these measurements. It has been established that GaTe is a direct-gap
semiconductor with the band gap located at the Z point, that is, at Brillouin
zone border in the direction perpendicular to the layers. The valence-band
maximum shows a marked \textit{p}-like behavior, with a pronounced anion
contribution. The conduction band minimum arises from states with a comparable
\textit{s}- \textit{p}-cation and \textit{p}-anion orbital contribution.
Spin-orbit interaction appears to specially alter dispersion and binding energy
of states of the topmost valence bands lying at $\Gamma$. By spin-orbit, it is
favored hybridization of the topmost \textit{p}$_z$-valence band with deeper
and flatter \textit{p$_x$}-\textit{p$_y$} bands and the valence-band minimum at
$\Gamma$ is raised towards the Fermi level since it appears to be determined by
the shifted up \textit{p$_x$}-\textit{p$_y$} bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127298 </DOCNO>
The SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey. Paper I: Introduction and Description


  In this, the first in a series of three papers concerning the SuperCOSMOS Sky
Survey (SSS), we give an introduction and user guide to the survey programme.
We briefly describe other wide-field surveys and compare with our own. We give
examples of the data, and make a comparison of the accuracies of the various
image parameters available with those from the other surveys providing similar
data; we show that the SSS database and interface offer advantages over these
surveys. Some science applications of the data are also described and some
limitations discussed. The series of three papers constitutes a comprehensive
description and user guide for the SSS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73252 </DOCNO>
Anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the general two Higgs doublet


  We calculate the new physics effects on the anomalous magnetic moment of the
muon using the experimental result of muon electric dipole moment in the
framework of the general two Higgs doublet model. Our calculation shows that it
is possible to explain the deviation of the anomalous magnetic moment over its
Standard model value by playing the model parameters in the restriction region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1925 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-spin canting transition in bilayer quantum Hall ferromagnets: a


  For sufficiently strong in-plane magnetic field a $\nu_T=1$ bilayer quantum
Hall pseudo-ferromagnet is expected to exhibit a soliton lattice. For
sufficiently close layers and large in-plane field, we predict this
incommensurate ``planar'' phase $P_I$ to undergo a reentrant pseudo-spin
canting transition to an incommensurate state $C_I$, with a finite out-of-plane
pseudo-magnetization component, corresponding to an interlayer charge imbalance
in regions between solitons. At $T>0$ the transition is in the 2d compressible
Ising universality class, and at T=0, the quantum transition is in heretofore
unexplored universality class. The striking experimental signatures are the
universal nonlinear charge-voltage and in-plane field relations, and the
divergence of the differential bilayer capacitance at the transition, resulting
in a bilayer capacitor that spontaneously charges itself, even in the absence
of an applied interlayer voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75583 </DOCNO>
Novel solutions of RG equations for alpha(s) and beta(alpha) in the


  General solution of RG equations in the framework of background perturbation
theory is written down in the large N_c limit. A simplified (model)
approximation to the general solution is suggested which allows to write
beta(alpha) and alpha(beta) to any loop order. The resulting alpha_B(Q^2)
coincides asymptotically at large $|Q^2|$ with standard (free) alpha_s,
saturates at small Q^2 and has poles at time-like Q^2 in agreement with
analytic properties of physical amplitudes in the large N_c limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148047 </DOCNO>
Off-Shell Duality in Born-Infeld Theory


  The classical equations of motion of Maxwell and Born-Infeld theories are
known to be invariant under a duality symmetry acting on the field strengths.
We implement the SL(2,Z) duality in these theories as linear but non-local
transformations on the potentials. We show that the action and the partition
function in the Hamiltonian formalism are modular invariant in any gauge. For
the Born-Infeld theory we find that the longitudinal part of the fields have to
be complexified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129225 </DOCNO>
BaSeL: a library of synthetic spectra and colours for GAIA


  The BaseL Stellar Library (BaSeL) is a library of synthetic spectra which has
already been used in various astrophysical applications (stellar clusters
studies, characterization and choice of the COROT potential targets, eclipsing
binaries,...). This library could provide useful indications to 1) choose the
best photometric system for the GAIA strategy by evaluating their expected
performances and 2) apply systematically the BaSeL models for any sample of
GAIA targets. In this context, we describe one of the future developments of
the BaSeL interactive web site to probe the GAIA photometric data: an automatic
determination of atmospheric parameters from observed colours.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41803 </DOCNO>
CP violation in the B meson system: recent experimental results


  Recent experimental results on CP violation in the study of B meson decays
are reviewed. The emphasis is put on the recent measurements of the CP
parameter sin2beta by the BABAR and BELLE experiments at asymmetric B
factories, which establish for the first time CP violation in the B meson
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168743 </DOCNO>
A space for the quantum world


  Epistemic interpretations of quantum mechanics fail to address the puzzle
posed by the occurrence of probabilities in a fundamental physical theory. This
is a puzzle about the physical world, not a puzzle about our relation to the
physical world. Its solution requires a new concept of physical space,
presented in this article. An examination of how the mind and the brain
construct the phenomenal world reveals the psychological and neurobiological
reasons why we think about space in ways that are inadequate to the physical
world. The resulting notion that space is an intrinsically partitioned expanse
has up to now stood in the way of a consistent ontological interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7283 </DOCNO>
Antiferroquadrupolar Order in the Magnetic Semiconductor TmTe


  The physical properties of the antiferroquadrupolar state occurring in TmTe
below TQ=1.8 K have been studied using neutron diffraction in applied magnetic
fields. A field-induced antiferromagnetic component k = (1/2,1/2,1/2) is
observed and, from its magnitude and direction for different orientations of H,
an O(2,2) quadrupole order parameter is inferred. Measurements below TN ~= 0.5
K reveal that the magnetic structure is canted, in agreement with theoretical
predictions for in-plane antiferromagnetism. Complex domain repopulation
effects occur when the field is increased in the ordered phases, with
discontinuities in the superstructure peak intensities above 4 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124692 </DOCNO>
Construction and Preliminary Application of the Variability ->


  We present a possible Cepheid-like luminosity estimator for the long-duration
gamma-ray bursts based on the variability of their light curves. We also
present a preliminary application of this luminosity estimator to 907
long-duration bursts from the BATSE catalog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168362 </DOCNO>
A Hamiltonian for the description of a non-relativistic spin-1/2 free


  We propose a Hamiltonian for a nonrelativistic spin 1/2 \QTR{it}{free}
particle (e.g. an electron) and find that it contains information of its
internal degrees of freedom in the rest coordinate system. We comment on the
dynamical symmetry associated with the electron \QTR{it}{Zitterbewegung}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113708 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium phase transitions in a model for the origin of life


  The requisites for the persistence of small colonies of self-replicating
molecules living in a two-dimensional lattice are investigated analytically in
the infinite diffusion or mean-field limit and through Monte Carlo simulations
in the position-fixed or contact process limit. The molecules are modeled by
hipercyclic replicators A which are capable of replicating via binary fission A
+ E --2A with production rates s as well as via catalytically assisted
replication 2A + E --3A with rate c. In addition, a molecule can degrade into
its source materials E with rate $\gamma$. In the asymptotic regime the
population can be characterized by the presence (active phase) and the absence
(empty phase) of replicators in the lattice. In both diffusion regimes, we find
that for small values of the ratio c/$\gamma$ these phases are separated by a
second-order phase transition which is in the universality class of the
directed percolation, while for small values s/$gamma$ the phase transition is
of first order. Furthermore, we illustrate the suitability of the dynamic Monte
Carlo method, which is based on the analysis of the spreading behaviour of a
few active cells in the center of an otherwise infinite empty lattice, to
adress the problem of emergence of replicators. Rather surprisingly, we show
that this method allows an unambiguous identification of the order of the
nonequilibrium phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124165 </DOCNO>
Near-Infrared Photometric Variability of Stars Toward the Orion A


  We present an analysis of J, H, and K time series photometry obtained with
the southern 2MASS telescope over a 0.84 x 6 deg^2 region centered near the
Orion Nebula Cluster. These data are used to establish the near-infrared
variability properties of pre-main-sequence stars in Orion on time scales of
1-36 days, 2 months, and 2 years. A total of 1235 variable stars are
identified, ~93% of which are associated with the Orion A molecular cloud. The
variable stars exhibit a diversity of photometric behavior with time, including
cyclic fluctuations, aperiodic day-to-day fluctuations, eclipses, slow drifts
in brightness over one month, colorless variability, stars that become redder
as they fade, and stars that become bluer as they fade. We examine rotational
modulation of cool and hot star spots, variable obscuration from an inner
circumstellar disk, and changes in the mass accretion rate and other properties
in a circumstellar disk as possible origins of the variability. Cool spots can
explain the variability characteristics in 56-77% of the stars, while the
properties of the photometric fluctuations are more consistent with hot spots
or extinction changes in at least 23% of the stars, and with variations in the
disk mass accretion rate or inner disk radius in 1% of our sample. However,
differences between the details of the observations and the details of
variability predicted these models suggest either that another variability
mechanism not considered here may be operative, or that the observed
variability represents the net results of several of these phenomena. Analysis
of the star count data indicates that the ONC is part of a larger area of
enhanced stellar surface density which extends over a 0.4 x 2.4 deg^2 (3.4 x 20
pc^2) region containing 2700 stars brighter than K=14. (abridged version)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125085 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Formation: One Star at a Time. New Information from the


  We present a review of recent studies of the formation and evolution of the
Milky Way galaxy, in particular based on large samples of non-kinematically
selected stars with available proper motions. The Milky Way is argued to be a
reasonable template for the formation of large spiral galaxies, the only one in
which complete kinematical and abundance information can be readily obtained.
Ongoing and future projects to obtain proper motions and spectral information
for much larger samples of stars that will sharpen our perspective are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 753 </DOCNO>
A Hartree-Fock Study of Charge Redistribution in a 2D Mesoscopic


  In this paper, we investigate the ground state of two-dimensional disordered
cylinders which contain spinless, interacting electrons using the Hartree-Fock
approximation. Calculations of the deviation of the polarization from
uniformity reveal a tendency of the charge to rearrange towards the ends of the
system. The presence of disorder results in fluctuations of the deviation
around its mean value, which are more pronounced when the disorder strength is
of the order of the interaction between the electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4178 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect and bistability in a double-quantum-dot


  We study theoretically the out-of-equilibrium transport properties of a
double quantum dot system in the Kondo regime. We model the system by means of
a two-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian. The transport properties are characterized
by Kondo effect properties, however, superimposed them, the system possesses
novel non-linear bistability behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73683 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution on Self-Tuned Branes and the Cosmological


  We consider the cosmological evolution of a bulk scalar field and ordinary
matter living on the brane world in the light of the constraints imposed by the
matter dominated cosmological evolution and a small cosmological constant now.
We rule out models with a self-tuned minimum of the four dimensional potential
as they would lead to rapid oscillations of the Hubble parameter now. A more
natural framework is provided by supergravity in singular spaces where the
brane coupling and the bulk potential are related by supersymmetry leading to a
four dimensional run-away potential. For late times we obtain an accelerating
universe due to the breaking of supersymmetry on the brane with an acceleration
parameter of q_0=-4/7 and associated equation of state omega=-5/7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40872 </DOCNO>
Inclusive production of $\rho^{0}(770), f_0(980)$ and $f_2(1270)$ mesons


  The inclusive production of the meson resonances $\rho^{0}(770)$, $f_0(980)$
and $f_2(1270)$ in neutrino-nucleus charged current interactions has been
studied with the NOMAD detector exposed to the wide band neutrino beam
generated by 450 GeV protons at the CERN SPS. For the first time the
$f_{0}(980)$ meson is observed in neutrino interactions. The statistical
significance of its observation is 6 standard deviations. The presence of
$f_{2}(1270)$ in neutrino interactions is reliably established. The average
multiplicity of these three resonances is measured as a function of several
kinematic variables. The experimental results are compared to the
multiplicities obtained from a simulation based on the Lund model. In addition,
the average multiplicity of $\rho^{0}(770)$ in antineutrino - nucleus
interactions is measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148988 </DOCNO>
More exact predictions of SUSYM for string theory


  We compute the coefficients of an infinite family of chiral primary operators
in the local operator expansion of a circular Wilson loop in N=4 supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory. The computation sums all planar rainbow Feynman graphs. We
argue that radiative corrections from planar graphs with internal vertices
cancel in leading orders and we conjecture that they cancel to all orders in
perturbation theory. The coefficients are non-trivial functions of the 'tHooft
coupling and their strong coupling limits are in exact agreement with those
previously computed using the AdS/CFT correspondence. They predict the
subleading orders in strong coupling and could in principle be compared with
string theory calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113982 </DOCNO>
The Relationship between the General Theory of Relativity and Quantum


  This article describes the relationship between the General Theory of
Relativity and Quantum Theory. An in-depth understanding of either theory is
not required as the relationship between them resides at their most basic
levels. Once this relationship has been exposed, it is shown that these two
theories do not contradict but rather complement each other. To fortify this
understanding the simple method of combining these theories to produce a
complete picture of our universe is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77066 </DOCNO>
Can SUSY be found at the Tevatron Run II ?


  Searches for SUSY particles are the main physics focus of the ongoing Run IIa
of the Tevatron. LEP results have constrained heavily the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model. In this paper the results obtained at LEP and
the Tevatron Run I are analysed within two consistent scenarios: the
gravity-mediated MSSM framework and the minimal SUGRA scenario. In these
frameworks limits much beyond the kinematic reach of LEP are set, and the
allowed mass range for particles which are not directly observable at LEP is
explored. These results can be used to evaluate searches at the Tevatron Run
II. Both R-parity conserving and violating scenarios are considered.
Model-dependence and coverage of LEP results is discussed in view of searches
at the Tevatron Run II, and a conservative review of some of the other
constraints is given. Consequences of the light Higgs boson of the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model with mass close to 114-117 GeV and branching
ratio to b bar b consistent with the one expected in the Standard Model are
examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149348 </DOCNO>
Hot Little String Correlators: A View From Supergravity


  We study the propagation of a massless minimally coupled scalar in the near
horizon geometry of non-extremal NS5-branes. Using the holographic principle
for dilatonic backgrounds we compute the two-point function of an operator in
Little String Theory at the Hagedorn temperature. We then comment on relations
with correlation functions in two dimensional string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126051 </DOCNO>
Erzion Interpretation of Negative Penetrating Cosmic Ray Particles


  It is discussed the interpretation of negative penetrating cosmic ray
particles excess flux observed in bubble chamber "SKAT" for momentum range
(30-150GeV/c) by Erzions, hypothetical heavy stable penetrating hadrons,
proposed to explain the anomalous vertical muons energy spectrum at small depth
underground. It is shown that negative charge of particles, observed in "SKAT"
is the same as predicted by theoretical Erzion model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149784 </DOCNO>
Complete factorization of equations of motion in Wess-Zumino theory


  We prove that the equations of motion describing domain walls in a
Wess-Zumino theory involving only one chiral matter multiplet can be factorized
into first order Bogomol'nyi equations, so that all the topological defects are
of the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114440 </DOCNO>
A Generalization of Abel Inversion to non axisymmetric density


  Abel Inversion is currently used in laser-plasma studies in order to estimate
the electronic density $n_e$ from the phase-shift map $\delta \phi$ obtained
via interferometry. The main limitation of the Abel method is due to the
assumption of axial symmetry of the electronic density, which is often hardly
fulfilled. In this paper we present an improvement to the Abel inversion
technique in which the axial symmetry condition is relaxed by means of a
truncated Legendre Polinomial expansion in the azimutal angle. With the help of
simulated interferograms, we will show that the generalized Abel inversion
generates accurate densities maps when applied to non axisymmetric density
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169275 </DOCNO>
Systems and Subsystems in Quantum Communication


  In this paper we develop the conditional density matrix formalism for
adequate description of division and unificationof quantum systems.
Applications of this approach to the descriptions of parapositronium, quantum
teleportation and others examples are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81138 </DOCNO>
Improved Smoothing Algorithms for Lattice Gauge Theory


  The relative smoothing rates of various gauge field smoothing algorithms are
investigated on ${\cal O}(a^2)$-improved $\suthree$ Yang--Mills gauge field
configurations. In particular, an ${\cal O}(a^2)$-improved version of APE
smearing is motivated by considerations of smeared link projection and cooling.
The extent to which the established benefits of improved cooling carry over to
improved smearing is critically examined. We consider representative gauge
field configurations generated with an ${\cal O}(a^2)$-improved gauge field
action on $\1$ lattices at $\beta=4.38$ and $\2$ lattices at $\beta=5.00$
having lattice spacings of 0.165(2) fm and 0.077(1) fm respectively. While the
merits of improved algorithms are clearly displayed for the coarse lattice
spacing, the fine lattice results put the various algorithms on a more equal
footing and allow a quantitative calibration of the smoothing rates for the
various algorithms. We find the relative rate of variation in the action may be
succinctly described in terms of simple calibration formulae which accurately
describe the relative smoothness of the gauge field configurations at a
microscopic level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73965 </DOCNO>
On models of gauge field localization on a brane


  We argue that any viable mechanism of gauge field localization should
automatically imply charge universality on the brane. We study whether this
condition is satisfied in the two known proposals aimed to localize vector
field in flat bulk space. We construct a simple calculable model with
confinement in the bulk and deconfinement on the brane, as in the
Shifman--Dvali set up. We find that in our model the 4-dimensional Coulomb law
is indeed reproduced on the brane due to the massless localized photon mode.
The charge universality is enforced by the presence of ``confining strings''.
On the other hand, charge universality condition is not satisfied in another,
brane-induced localization mechanism when the number of extra dimensions d is
larger than two. We demonstrate that in the non-Abelian case the gauge fields
inside the brane are never four-dimensional and their self-interaction is
strong at all distances of interest. Hence this mechanism does not work for
d>2. At d=2 the charge universality is still a problem, but it holds
automatically at d=1. At d=1, however, the bulk gauge fields are strongly
coupled in the non-Abelian case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41152 </DOCNO>
Structure Functions and the Spin of the Nucleon: From HERMES to COMPASS


  The HERMES and SMC experiments have determined the contribution of different
quark flavors to the nucleon spin in a large range of Bjorken-x via
semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. The main goal of the COMPASS
experiment is to measure the gluon polarization in the nucleon. In all
experiments a polarized lepton is scattered off a polarized nucleon. Latest
results from HERMES and perspectives for COMPASS running in 2001 and beyond are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125257 </DOCNO>
Abundances in the Uranium-Rich Star CS 31082-001


  The recent discovery by Cayrel et al. of U in CS 31082-001 along with Os and
Ir at greatly enhanced abundances but with [Fe/H]=-2.9 strongly reinforces the
argument that there are at least two kinds of SNII sources for r-nuclei. One
source is the high-frequency H events responsible for heavy r-nuclei (A>135)
but not Fe. The H-yields calculated from data on other ultra-metal-poor stars
and the sun provide a template for quantitatively predicting the abundances of
all other r-elements. In CS 31082-001 these should show a significant
deficiency at A<135 relative to the solar r-pattern. It is proposed that CS
31082-001 should have had a companion that exploded as an SNII H event. If the
binary survived the explosion, this star should now have a compact companion,
most likely a stellar-mass black hole. Comparison of abundance data with
predicted values and a search for a compact companion should provide a
stringent test of the proposed r-process model. The U-Th age determined by
Cayrel et al. for CS 31082-001 is, to within substantial uncertainties, in
accord with the r-process age determined from solar system data. The time gap
between Big Bang and onset of normal star formation only allows r-process
chronometers to provide a lower limit on the age of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96871 </DOCNO>
Crossed-Products by Finite Index Endomorphisms and KMS states


  Given a unital C*-algebra A, an injective endomorphism \alpha:A --> A
preserving the unit, and a conditional expectation E from A to the range of
\alpha we consider the crossed-product of A by \alpha relative to the transfer
operator L=\alpha^{-1}E. When E is of index-finite type we show that there
exists a conditional expectation G from the crossed-product to A which is
unique under certain hypothesis. We define a "gauge action" on the
crossed-product algebra in terms of a central positive element h and study its
KMS states. The main result is: if h>1 and E(ab)=E(ba) for all a,b in A (e.g.
when A is commutative) then the KMS_\beta states are precisely those of the
form \psi = \phi G, where \phi is a trace on A satisfying the identity \phi(a)
= \phi(L(h^{-\beta}ind(E)a)), where ind(E) is the Jones-Kosaki-Watatani index
of E.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73515 </DOCNO>
The Distinctive Feature of Weak Interactions and Some of Its


  In the Quantum theory the wave functions form a full and orthonormalized
functional space. For this reason we can use the equation on eigenfunctions and
eigenstates and find the eigenenergies $E_n$ and eigenfunctions $\Psi_n$ to
determine the physical characteristics of the considered systems (or models).
In the Quantum theory the observed values are the average value of operators.
Since the wave functions create a full and orthonormalized space, the average
values of operators coincide with eigenvalues of operators. This situation
takes place in the case of strong and electromagnetic interactions. However,
the average values of the weak interaction operators are equal to zero since
only the left-handed components of spinors participate in the weak
interactions. It means that in these interactions the connected states cannot
exist. Then the weak interaction of the particles (scatterings, decays) can be
considered only in the framework of the standard perturbative approach. It is
shown that the weak interactions cannot generate masses and the equation for
Green's function of the weak interacting fermions (neutrinos) in the matter
coincides with the equation for Green's function of fermions in vacuum. And in
the result we come to a conclusion: the mechanism of resonance enhancement of
neutrino oscillations in matter (i.e. MSW effect) cannot exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149250 </DOCNO>
Scalar wave propagation in topological black hole backgrounds


  We consider the evolution of a scalar field coupled to curvature in
topological black hole spacetimes. We solve numerically the scalar wave
equation with different curvature-coupling constant $\xi$ and show that a rich
spectrum of wave propagation is revealed when $\xi$ is introduced. Relations
between quasinormal modes and the size of different topological black holes
have also been investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41204 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Single W Production at LEP2


  In the energy region of LEP2 and above, four fermion final states in e+e-
collisions can be produced by Feynman diagrams involving two, one or zero
resonant bosons...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99124 </DOCNO>
A GKM description of the equivariant cohomology ring of a homogeneous


  Let $T$ be a torus of dimension $n>1$ and $M$ a compact $T-$manifold. $M$ is
a GKM manifold if the set of zero dimensional orbits in the orbit space $M/T$
is zero dimensional and the set of one dimensional orbits in $M/T$ is one
dimensional. For such a manifold these sets of orbits have the structure of a
labelled graph and it is known that a lot of topological information about $M$
is encoded in this graph.
  In this paper we prove that every compact homogeneous space $M$ of non-zero
Euler characteristic is of GKM type and show that the graph associated with $M$
encodes \emph{geometric} information about $M$ as well as topological
information. For example, from this graph one can detect whether $M$ admits an
invariant complex structure or an invariant almost complex structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99240 </DOCNO>
Long-time Existence and Convergence of Graphic Mean Curvature Flow in


  Let f:\Sigma_1 --> \Sigma_2 be a map between compact Riemannian manifolds of
constant curvature. This article considers the evolution of the graph of f in
the product of \Sigma_1 and \Sigma_2 by the mean curvature flow. Under suitable
conditions on the curvature of \Sigma_1 and \Sigma_2 and the differential of
the initial map, we show that the flow exists smoothly for all time. At each
instant t, the flow remains the graph of a map f_t and f_t converges to a
constant map as t approaches infinity. This also provides a regularity estimate
for Lipschtz initial data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76568 </DOCNO>
Inelastic Hadron Diffraction in High Energy Elastic Scattering of Nuclei


  The r\^{o}le of inelastic diffraction in elastic scattering of nuclei is
studied in the formalism of \emph{diffractive limit}. The results obtained for
scattering of the $\alpha$--particles on light nuclei show that the nucleonic
diffraction is especially important at large momentum transfers where the
Glauber model of geometric diffraction fails.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148922 </DOCNO>
Faddeev-Niemi Conjecture and Effective Action of QCD


  We calculate a one loop effective action of SU(2) QCD in the presence of the
monopole background, and find a possible connection between the resulting QCD
effective action and a generalized Skyrme-Faddeev action of the non-linear
sigma model. The result is obtained using the gauge-independent decomposotion
of the gauge potential into the topological degrees which describes the
non-Abelian monopoles and the local dynamical degrees of the potential, and
integrating out all the dynamical degrees of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125386 </DOCNO>
Impacts of a power-law non-thermal electron tail on the ionization and


  We have investigated the effects of a non-thermal electron population on the
ionization and recombination rates. The considered electron distribution is
defined as a Maxwellian function below a break energy E_b and as a power-law
function of index alpha above this energy. We have calculated the collisional
(direct and excitation autoionization) ionization coefficient rates as well as
the (radiative and dielectronic) recombination rates. Practical methods are
given to calculate these rates in order to be easily included in a computer
code. The ionization rates are very sensitive to the non-thermal electron
population and can be increased by several orders of magnitude depending on the
temperature and parameters of the power-law function (E_b and alpha). The
non-thermal electrons have a much weaker effect on the (radiative and
dielectronic) recombination rates. We have determined the mean electric charge
of elements C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe and Ni for different values of
the break energy and power-law index. The ionization balance is affected
significantly, whereas the effect is smaller in ionizing plasmas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179701 </DOCNO>
Two-proton events in the 17F(p,2p)16O reaction


  In a recent experimental study (Gomez del Campo et al, PRL 86, 43 (2001)) of
the reaction 17F(p,2p)16O, two-proton events were measured from excitations
near a 1-, E*=6.15 MeV state in 18Ne. We calculate by means of R-matrix theory
the resonant two-proton production cross section and branching ratios. We
conclude that it is unlikely that two-proton production via population of the
1- state is sufficient to explain the observed two-proton events. Alternative
sources of such events are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2813 </DOCNO>
Area scaling entropies for gravitating systems


  The entropy of a spherically symmetric distribution of matter in
self-equilibrium is calculated. When gravitational effects are neglected, the
entropy of the system is proportional to its volume. As effects due to
gravitational self-interactions become more important, the entropy acquires a
correction term and is no longer purely volume scaling. In the limit that the
boundary of the system approaches its event horizon, the total entropy of the
system is proportional to its area. The scaling laws of the system's
thermodynamical quantities are identical to those of a black hole, even though
the system does not possess an event horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113438 </DOCNO>
An Atomic Linear Stark Shift Violating P But Not T Arising From the


  We propose a direct method of detection of the nuclear anapole moment. It is
based on the existence of a linear Stark shift for alkali atoms in their ground
state perturbed by a quadrupolar interaction potential and a magnetic field.
This shift is proportional to the T-even pseudoscalar built from the
quadrupolar potential symmetry axis, the directions of the applied electric and
magnetic fields.It involves on the one hand the anisotropy of the hyperfine
interaction induced by the quadrupolar interaction and, on the other,the static
electric dipole moment arising from electroweak interactions inside the
nucleus. The case of ground state cesium atoms trapped in a uniaxial (hcp)
phase of solid helium-4 is examined. From an explicit evaluation of both the
hyperfine structure anisotropy and the static P-odd T-even dipole deduced from
recent empirical data about the cesium nuclear anapole moment, we predict the
Stark shift. It is three times the experimental upper bound to be set on the
T-odd Stark shift of free cesium atoms in order to improve the present limit on
the electron EDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4459 </DOCNO>
Effect of nearest neighbor repulsion on the low frequency phase diagram


  We have studied the influence of nearest-neighbor (NN) repulsion on the low
frequency phase diagram of a quarter-filled Hubbard-Holstein chain. The NN
repulsion term induces the apparition of two new long range ordered phases (one
$4k_F$ CDW for positive $U_{eff} = U-2g^2/\omega$ and one $2k_F$ CDW for
negative $U_{eff}$) that did not exist in the V=0 phase diagram. These results
are put into perspective with the newly observed charge ordered phases in
organic conductors and an interpretation of their origin in terms of
electron-molecular vibration coupling is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123442 </DOCNO>
Free floating planets in stellar clusters?


  We have simulated encounters between planetary systems and single stars in
various clustered environments. This allows us to estimate the fraction of
systems liberated, the velocity distribution of the liberated planets, and the
separation and eccentricity distributions of the surviving bound systems. Our
results indicate that, for an initial distribution of orbits that is flat in
log space and extends out to 50AU, 50% of the available planets can be
liberated in a globular cluster, 25% in an open cluster, and less than 10% in a
young cluster. These fractions are reduced to 25%, 12% and 2% if the initial
population extends only to 20AU. Furthermore, these free-floating planets can
be retained for longer than a crossing time only in a massive globular cluster.
It is therefore difficult to see how planets, which by definition form in a
disc around a young star, could be subsequently liberated to form a significant
population of free floating substellar objects in a cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1674 </DOCNO>
Storage Qubits and Their Potential Implementation Through a


  In the context of a semiconductor based implementation of a quantum computer
the idea of a quantum storage bit is presented and a possible implementation
using a double quantum dot structure is considered. A measurement scheme using
a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168198 </DOCNO>
Stabilizing distinguishable qubits against spontaneous decay by


  A new class of error-correcting quantum codes is introduced capable of
stabilizing qubits against spontaneous decay arising from couplings to
statistically independent reservoirs. These quantum codes are based on the idea
of using an embedded quantum code and exploiting the classical information
available about which qubit has been affected by the environment. They are
immediately relevant for quantum computation and information processing using
arrays of trapped ions or nuclear spins. Interesting relations between these
quantum codes and basic notions of design theory are established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95636 </DOCNO>
On the Decoupling of the Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Parts in


  We show that, if there exists a realization of a Hopf algebra $H$ in a
$H$-module algebra $A$, then one can split their cross-product into the tensor
product algebra of $A$ itself with a subalgebra isomorphic to $H$ and commuting
with $A$. This result applies in particular to the algebra underlying
inhomogeneous quantum groups like the Euclidean ones, which are obtained as
cross-products of the quantum Euclidean spaces $R_q^N$ with the quantum groups
of rotation $U_qso(N)$ of $R_q^N$, for which it has no classical analog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3287 </DOCNO>
Reply to: Comment on `Long-range electrostatic interactions between


  In his Comment (cond-mat/0104060) to [Phys. Rev. E 60, 6530 (1999)], Mateescu
shows that while the effective interactions remain repulsive when the specific
size of the micro-ions is taken into account via a Modified Poisson-Boltzmann
equation, a similar conclusion cannot be reached for the situation of complete
lateral confinement. This point is correct but has already been considered in a
more general study [Phys. Rev. E 62, R1465 (2000), where repulsion is
generically obtained]; moreover, we argue that it illustrates the irrelevancy
of the notion of pair potential in completely confined configurations, as shown
on a simple example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76486 </DOCNO>
A Statistical Approach to Leptonic Mixings and Neutrino Masses


  Based on existing data, we argue for a peculiar structure of the neutrino
mass matrix, that has a block of relatively large elements--a dominant block.
We analyze this ansatz and extract its predictions, assuming that the O(1)
coefficients (that are needed to define the model fully) are random variables.
Further insights are obtained by postulating that this structure of the mass
matrix is due to U(1) selection rules, a la Froggatt and Nielsen. A
particularly interesting case emerges, when the angle theta(13) (namely, the
mixing U(e3)) is within reach for next generation experiments, and the large
mixing angle solution for solar neutrinos is the preferred one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124449 </DOCNO>
Can Jupiters be found by monitoring Galactic Bulge microlensing events


  In 1998 the EXPORT team monitored microlensing event lightcurves using a CCD
camera on the IAC 0.8m telescope on Tenerife to evaluate the prospect of using
northern telescopes to find microlens anomalies that reveal planets orbiting
the lens stars. The high airmass and more limited time available for
observations of Galactic Bulge sources makes a northern site less favourable
for microlensing planet searches. However, there are potentially a large number
of northern 1m class telescopes that could devote a few hours per night to
monitor ongoing microlensing events. Our IAC observations indicate that
accuracies sufficient to detect planets can be achieved despite the higher
airmass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74711 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Direct Searches and the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of Muon


  In the framework of the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
(CMSSM) we discuss the impact of the recent experimental information,
especially from E821 Brookhaven experiment on $g_{\mu}-2$ along with the light
Higgs boson mass bound from LEP, to the Dark Matter direct searches. Imposing
these experimental bounds, the maximum value of the spin-independent
neutralino-nucleon cross section turns out to be of the order of $10^{-8}$ pb
for large values of $\tan\beta$ and low $M_{1/2}, m_0$. The effect of the
recent experimental bounds is to decrease the maximum value of the cross
section by about an order of magnitude, demanding the analogous sensitivity
from the direct Dark Matter detection experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148194 </DOCNO>
Core structure and exactly solvable models in dilaton gravity coupled to


  We consider the D-dimensional massive dilaton gravity coupled to Maxwell and
antisymmetric tensor fields (EMATD). We derive the full separability of this
theory in static case. This discloses the core structure of the theory and
yields the simple procedure of how to generate integrability classes.
  As an example we take a certain new class, obtain the two-parametric families
of dyonic solutions. It turns out that at some conditions they tend to the
D-dimensional dyonic Reissner-Nordstr\"om-deSitter solutions but with
``renormalized'' dyonic charge plus a small logarithmic correction. The latter
has the significant influence on the global structure of the non-perturbed
solution - it may shift and split horizons, break down extremality, and dress
the naked singularity.
  We speculate on physical importance of the deduced integrability classes, in
particular on their possible role in understanding of the problem of unknown
dilaton potential in modern cosmological and low-energy string models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123727 </DOCNO>
Populating Stellar Orbits Inside a Rotating, Gaseous Bar


  In an effort to better understand the formation and evolution of barred
galaxies, we have examined the properties of equatorial orbits in the effective
potential of one model of a rapidly rotating, steady-state gas-dynamical bar
that has been constructed via a self-consistent hydrodynamical simulation.
Using a ``Restriction Hypothesis'' to determine initial conditions, we find
that a significant fraction of orbits in this potential are quasi-ergodic and
that regular orbits have a ``bowtie'' shape in contrast to the more typical x1
orbits. This bowtie orbit should give a boxy-peanut shape to such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114107 </DOCNO>
A deterministic origin for instabilities in a magneto-optical trap


  The paper reports on the observation of a new type of instabilities in the
atomic cloud of a magneto-optical trap (MOT). They appear as large amplitude
self-oscillations, either periodic or erratic, depending on the parameters. An
original model taking into account the shadow effect and an homogeneous
distribution of the atoms in the cloud is developped. It allows us to show that
these instabilities originate on the one hand from an anomalous Hopf
bifurcation, and on the other hand from the extreme sensitivity of the system
to noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123870 </DOCNO>
Astronomical engineering: a strategy for modifying planetary orbits


  The Sun's gradual brightening will seriously compromise the Earth's biosphere
within ~ 1E9 years. If Earth's orbit migrates outward, however, the biosphere
could remain intact over the entire main-sequence lifetime of the Sun. In this
paper, we explore the feasibility of engineering such a migration over a long
time period. The basic mechanism uses gravitational assists to (in effect)
transfer orbital energy from Jupiter to the Earth, and thereby enlarges the
orbital radius of Earth. This transfer is accomplished by a suitable
intermediate body, either a Kuiper Belt object or a main belt asteroid. The
object first encounters Earth during an inward pass on its initial highly
elliptical orbit of large (~ 300 AU) semimajor axis. The encounter transfers
energy from the object to the Earth in standard gravity-assist fashion by
passing close to the leading limb of the planet. The resulting outbound
trajectory of the object must cross the orbit of Jupiter; with proper timing,
the outbound object encounters Jupiter and picks up the energy it lost to
Earth. With small corrections to the trajectory, or additional planetary
encounters (e.g., with Saturn), the object can repeat this process over many
encounters. To maintain its present flux of solar energy, the Earth must
experience roughly one encounter every 6000 years (for an object mass of 1E22
g). We develop the details of this scheme and discuss its ramifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95427 </DOCNO>
Approximate construction of rational approximations and the effect of


  Several construction methods for rational approximations to functions of one
real variable are described in the present paper; the computational results
that characterize the comparative accuracy of these methods are presented; an
effect of error autocorrection is considered. This effect occurs in efficient
methods of rational approximation (e.g., Pade approximations, linear and
nonlinear Pade-Chebyshev approximations) where very significant errors in the
coefficients do not affect the accuracy of the approximation. The matter of
import is that the errors in the numerator and the denominator of a fractional
rational approximant compensate each other. This effect is related to the fact
that the errors in the coefficients of a rational approximant are not
distributed in an arbitrary way but form the coefficients of a new approximant
to the approximated function. Understanding of the error autocorrection
mechanism allows to decrease this error by varying the approximation procedure
depending on the form of the approximant. Some applications are described in
the paper. In particular, a method of implementation of basic calculations on
decimal computers that uses the technique of rational approximations is
described in the Appendix. To a considerable extent the paper is a survey and
the exposition is as elementary as possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3261 </DOCNO>
Electron-phonon coupling induced pseudogap and the superconducting


  We study the single particle density of states (DOS) across the
superconducting transition (Tc = 31 K) in single-crystal Ba0.67K0.33BiO3 using
ultrahigh resolution angle-integrated photoemission spectroscopy. The
superconducting gap opens with a pile-up in the DOS, Delta(5.3 K) = 5.2 meV and
2Delta(0)/kBTc = 3.9. In addition, we observe a pseudogap below and above Tc,
occurring as a suppression in intensity over an energy scale up to the
breathing mode phonon(~ 70 meV). The results indicate electron-phonon coupling
induces a pseudogap in Ba0.67K0.33BiO3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125541 </DOCNO>
Chandra Detection of a Hot Gaseous Corona Around the Edge-on Galaxy NGC


  We present a Chandra X-ray observation that shows, unambiguously for the
first time, the presence of a giant diffuse X-ray-emitting corona around the
edge-on disk galaxy NGC 4631. This corona, with a characteristic thermal
temperature of 2-7\times10^6 K, extends as far as 8 kpc away from the galactic
plane. The X-ray morphology resembles the radio halo of the galaxy, indicating
a close connection between outflows of hot gas, cosmic rays, and magnetic field
from the galactic disk. Enhanced diffuse X-ray emission is apparently enclosed
by numerous H\alpha-emitting loops blistered out from the central disk of the
galaxy, as is evident in a comparison with our deep Hubble Space Telescope
imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 978 </DOCNO>
Convective Motion in a Vibrated Granular Layer


  Experimental results are presented for a vertically shaken granular layer. In
the range of accelerations explored, the layer develops a convective motion in
the form of one or more rolls. The velocity of the grains near the wall has
been measured. It grows linearly with the acceleration, then the growing rate
slows down. A rescaling with the amplitude of the wall velocity and the height
of the granular layer makes all data collapse in a single curve. This can
provide insights on the mechanism driving the motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2472 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour of fully-frustrated Potts models


  A numerical transfer matrix calculation is presented for two fully-frustrated
three-state Potts models on the square lattice: the Potts piled-up-domino model
and the Potts zig-zag model. The ground state entropies and phase diagrams are
found. The Potts piled-up-domino model displays a finite-temperature transition
when the frustration effects are maximal, and displays reentrant behaviour, in
contrast to the Ising model equivalent. The ground-state entropy per spin is
larger than in the Ising equivalent. The Potts zig-zag model displays the same
qualitative behaviour as its Ising counterpart, and the ground-state entropy
per spin is the same in the Potts and Ising cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74931 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the Theory of Cosmological Perturbation


  It is shown that the power spectrum defined in the Synchronous Gauge can not
be directly used to calculate the predictions of cosmological models on the
large-scale structure of universe, which should be calculated directly by a
suitable gauge-invariant power spectrum or the power spectrum defined in the
Newtonian Gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123630 </DOCNO>
Big-bang nucleosynthesis with the NACRE compilation


  We update the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) calculations on the basis of the
recent NACRE compilation of reaction rates. In particular, we calculate the
uncertainties related to the nuclear reaction rates on the abundances of 7Li
and compare our results with an other recent analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96134 </DOCNO>
In search of an evolutionary coding style


  In the near future, all the human genes will be identified. But understanding
the functions coded in the genes is a much harder problem. For example, by
using block entropy, one has that the DNA code is closer to a random code then
written text, which in turn is less ordered then an ordinary computer code; see
\cite{schmitt}.
  Instead of saying that the DNA is badly written, using our programming
standards, we might say that it is written in a different style --- an
evolutionary style.
  We will suggest a way to search for such a style in a quantified manner by
using an artificial life program, and by giving a definition of general codes
and a definition of style for such codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87294 </DOCNO>
Spherically Symmetric Braneworld Solutions with R_{4} term in the Bulk


  An analysis of a spherically symmetric braneworld configuration is performed
when the intrinsic curvature scalar is included in the bulk action; the
vanishing of the electric part of the Weyl tensor is used as the boundary
condition for the embedding of the brane in the bulk. All the solutions outside
a static localized matter distribution are found; some of them are of the
Schwarzschild-(A)dS_{4} form. Two modified Oppenheimer-Volkoff interior
solutions are also found; one is matched to a Schwarzschild-(A)dS_{4} exterior,
while the other does not. A non-universal gravitational constant arises,
depending on the density of the considered object; however, the conventional
limits of the Newton's constant are recovered. An upper bound of the order of
TeV for the energy string scale is extracted from the known solar system
measurements (experiments). On the contrary, in usual brane dynamics, this
string scale is calculated to be larger than TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149434 </DOCNO>
Effective Action for D-branes on SU(2)/U(1) Gauged WZW Model


  Dynamics of D-branes on $SU(2)/U(1)$ gauged WZW model are investigated. We
find the effective action for infinite $k$, where $k$ is the level of WZW
model. We also consider finite $k$ correction to the effective action which is
compatible with Fedosov's deformation quantization of the background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168625 </DOCNO>
Spin Squeezing in the Ising Model


  We analyze the collective spin noise in interacting spin systems. General
expressions are derived for the short time behaviour of spin systems with
general spin-spin interactions, and we suggest optimum experimental conditions
for the detection of spin squeezing. For Ising models with site dependent
nearest neighbour interactions general expressions are presented for the spin
squeezing parameter for all times. The reduction of collective spin noise can
be used to verify the entangling powers of quantum computer architectures based
on interacting spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150273 </DOCNO>
Supergravity interacting with bosonic p-branes and local supersymmetry


  We study the coupling of supergravity with a purely bosonic brane source
(bosonic p-brane). The interaction, described by the sum of their respective
actions, is self-consistent if the bosonic p-brane is the pure bosonic limit of
a super-p-brane. In that case the dynamical system preserves 1/2 of the local
supersymmetry characteristic of the `free' supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148369 </DOCNO>
The Uniqueness of the Abelian Born-Infeld Action


  Starting from BPS solutions to Yang-Mills which define a stable holomorphic
vector bundle, we investigate its deformations. Assuming slowly varying
fieldstrengths, we find in the abelian case a unique deformation given by the
abelian Born-Infeld action. We obtain the deformed Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau
stability condition to all orders in alpha'. This result provides strong
evidence supporting the claim that the only supersymmetric deformation of the
abelian d=10 supersymmetric Yang-Mills action is the Born-Infeld action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95414 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Summation of Slow Converging and Rapidly Oscillating Series


  Mean values of some observables describing quantum interaction between the
Bose field in a cavity and a movable mirror can be represented as expectations
of rapidly oscillating functions w.r.t. the Poisson measure with a large mean
value ($N\approx 10^{23}$) corresponding to the average number of photons in
laser beam. Straightforward summation of the series is impossible because over
$2\sqrt N$ summands make a significant contribution. We derive an analytical
expression approximating this sum with the error $O(N^{-1})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87241 </DOCNO>
Spherical Gravitational Collapse with Heat Flux and Cosmic Censorship


  In this paper, we investigate the nature of the singularity in the
spherically symmetrical, shear-free, gravitational collapse of a star with heat
flux using a separable metric [cqg1]. For any non-singular, regular, radial
density profile for a star described by this metric, eq. (2.1), the singularity
of the gravitational collapse is not naked locally. Our results here
unequivocally support the Strong Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40898 </DOCNO>
Study of the Process e+ e- ---> eta gamma in c.m. Energy Range 600-1380


  The cross section of the process e+ e- ---> eta gamma has been measured in
the 600-1380 MeV c.m. energy range with the CMD-2 detector. The following
branching ratios have been determined:
 B(rho ---> eta gamma) = (3.28 +- 0.37 +- 0.23) 10^{-4},
 B(omega ---> eta gamma) = (5.10 +- 0.72 +- 0.34) 10^{-4},
 B(phi --> eta gamma) = (1.287 +- 0.013 +- 0.063) 10^{-2}.
  Evidence for the rho'(1450) ---> eta gamma decay has been obtained for the
first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3077 </DOCNO>
Exo-hydrogenated Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes


  An extensive first-principles study of fully exo-hydrogenated zigzag (n,0)
and armchair (n,n) single wall carbon nanotubes (C$_n$H$_n$), polyhedral
molecules including cubane, dodecahedrane, and C$_{60}$H$_{60}$ points to
crucial differences in the electronic and atomic structures relevant to
hydrogen storage and device applications. C$_n$H$_n$'s are estimated to be
stable up to the radius of a (8,8) nanotube, with binding energies proportional
to 1/R. Attaching a single hydrogen to any nanotube is always exothermic.
Hydrogenation of zigzag nanotubes is found to be more likely than armchair
nanotubes with similar radius. Our findings may have important implications for
selective functionalization and finding a way of separating similar radius
nanotubes from each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124472 </DOCNO>
Possible Detection of Baryonic Fluctuations in the Large-Scale Structure


  We present a joint analysis of the power spectra of density fluctuations from
three independent cosmological redshift surveys; the PSCz galaxy catalog, the
APM galaxy cluster catalog and the Abell/ACO cluster catalog. Over the range
0.03 <= k <= 0.15 h/Mpc,the amplitudes of these three power spectra are related
through a simple linear biasing model with b = 1.5 and b = 3.6 for Abell/ACO
versus APM and Abell/ACO versus the PSCz respectively. Furthermore, the shape
of these power spectra are remarkably similar despite the fact that they are
comprised of significantly different objects (individual galaxies through to
rich clusters). Individually, each of these surveys show visible evidence for
``valleys'' in their power spectra. We use a newly developed statistical
technique called the False Discovery Rate, to show that these ``valleys'' are
statistically significant. One favored cosmological explanation for such
features in the power spectrum is the presence of a non-negligible baryon
fraction (Omega_b/Omega_m) in the Universe which causes acoustic oscillations
in the transfer function of adiabatic inflationary models. We have performed a
maximum-likelihood marginalization over four important cosmological parameters
of this model (Omega_m, Omega_b, n_s, H_o). We use a prior on H_0 = 69(+/-15),
and find Omega_mh^2 = 0.12(+0.03/-0.02), Omega_bh^2 =0.029(+0.011/-0.015), n_s
= 1.08^(+0.17/-0.20) (2 sigma confidence limits) which are fully consistent
with the favored values of these cosmological parameters from the recent Cosmic
Microwave Background (CMB) experiments. This agreement strongly suggests that
we have detected baryonic oscillations in the power spectrum of matter at a
level expected from a Cold Dark Matter model normalized to fit these CMB
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1904 </DOCNO>
Discrete Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz


  We propose discrete TBA equations for models with discrete spectrum. We
illustrate our construction on the Calogero-Moser model and determine the
discrete 2-body TBA function which yields the exact N-body Calogero-Moser
thermodynamics. We apply this algorithm to the Lieb-Liniger model in a harmonic
well, a model which is relevant for the microscopic description of harmonically
trapped Bose-Einstein condensates in one dimension. We find that the discrete
TBA reproduces correctly the N-body groundstate energy of the Lieb-Liniger
model in a harmonic well at first order in perturbation theory, but corrections
do appear at second order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123556 </DOCNO>
Non LTE radiation processes: application to the solar corona


  These lectures are intended to present a simple but relatively complete
description of the theory needed to understand the formation of lines in
non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (NLTE), without appealing to any previous
knowledge except a few basics of physics and spectroscopy. After recalling
elementary notions of radiation transfer, the chapter is focussed on the
computation of the level populations, the source function, the ionization
state, and finally the line intensity. An application is made to forbidden
coronal lines which were observed during eclipses since decades.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98671 </DOCNO>
Integrable Structure behind WDVV Equations


  An integrable structure behind Witten--Dijkgraaf--Verlinde--Verlinde (WDVV)
equations is identified with reduction of a Riemann-Hilbert problem for a
homogeneous GL(N, C) loop group. Reduction requires the dressing matrices to be
fixed points of a loop group automorphism of order two resulting in a
sub-hierarchy of gl(N,C) hierarchy containing only odd symmetry flows. The
model possesses Virasoro symmetry and imposing Virasoro constraints ensures
homogeneity property of the Darboux-Egoroff structure. Dressing matrices of the
reduced model provide solutions of the WDVV equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179287 </DOCNO>
Particle number projection with effective forces


  The particle number projection method is formulated for density dependent
forces and in particular for the finite range Gogny force. Detailed formula for
the projected energy and its gradient are provided. The problems arising from
the neglection of any exchange term, which may lead to divergences, are
throughly discussed and the possible inaccuracies estimated. Numericala results
for the projection after variation method are shown for the nucleus 164Er and
for the projection before variation approach for the nuclei 48-50Cr. We also
confirm the Coulomb antipairing effect found in mean field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81361 </DOCNO>
Speeding up the Hybrid-Monte-Carlo algorithm for dynamical fermions


  We propose a modification of the Hybrid-Monte-Carlo algorithm that allows for
a larger step-size of the integration scheme at constant acceptance rate. The
key ingredient is the splitting of the pseudo-fermion action into two parts. We
test our proposal at the example of the two-dimensional lattice Schwinger model
and four-dimensional lattice QCD with two degenerate flavours of Wilson-
fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114463 </DOCNO>
A 1 W injection locked cw titanium:sapphire laser


  We report an injection-locked cw titanium:sapphire ring laser at 846 nm. It
produces 1.00 W in a single frequency when pumped with 5.5 W. Single frequency
operation requires only a few milliwatts of injected power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76296 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of hot gauge theories


  A brief overview is given of recent progress in understanding the dynamics of
hot gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113695 </DOCNO>
From Discrete Protein Kinetics to Continuous Brownian Dynamics: A New


  An analysis on the discrete versus continuous views of kinetics of
macromolecules is presented. It is shown that the discrete approach traditional
to biochemistry is insufficient for understanding the dynamics of protein
molecules in aqueous solution. A continous view based on the Brownian dynamics
in energy landscape offers a more comprehensive description of the biological
macromolecules. Two examples, one on protein folding and one on channel gating,
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86523 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Quantum Cosmology


  We propose a model for noncommutative quantum cosmology by means of a
deformation of minisuperspace. For the Kantowski-Sachs metric we are able to
find the exact wave function. We construct wave packets and show that new
quantum states that ``compete'' to be the most probable state appear, in clear
contrast with the commutative case. A tunneling process could be possible among
these states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125775 </DOCNO>
Highly abundant HCN in the inner hot envelope of GL 2591: probing the


  We present observations of the v2=0 and vibrationally excited v2=1 J=9-8
rotational lines of HCN at 797 GHz toward the deeply embedded massive young
stellar object GL 2591, which provide the missing link between the extended
envelope traced by lower-J line emission and the small region of hot (T_ex >=
300 K), abundant HCN seen in 14 micron absorption with the Infrared Space
Observatory (ISO). The line ratio yields T_ex=720^+135_-100 K and the line
profiles reveal that the hot gas seen with ISO is at the velocity of the
protostar, arguing against a location in the outflow or in shocks. Radiative
transfer calculations using a depth-dependent density and temperature structure
show that the data rule out a constant abundance throughout the envelope, but
that a model with a jump of the abundance in the inner part by two orders of
magnitude matches the observations. Such a jump is consistent with the sharp
increase in HCN abundance at temperatures >~230 K predicted by recent chemical
models in which atomic oxygen is driven into water at these temperatures.
Together with the evidence for ice evaporation in this source, this result
suggests that we may be witnessing the birth of a hot core. Thus, GL 2591 may
represent a rare class of objects at an evolutionary stage just preceding the
`hot core' stage of massive star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179596 </DOCNO>
A mixed-mode shell-model theory for nuclear structure studies


  We introduce a shell-model theory that combines traditional spherical states,
which yield a diagonal representation of the usual single-particle interaction,
with collective configurations that track deformations, and test the validity
of this mixed-mode, oblique basis shell-model scheme on $^{24}$Mg. The correct
binding energy (within 2% of the full-space result) as well as low-energy
configurations that have greater than 90% overlap with full-space results are
obtained in a space that spans less than 10% of the full space. The results
suggest that a mixed-mode shell-model theory may be useful in situations where
competing degrees of freedom dominate the dynamics and full-space calculations
are not feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76784 </DOCNO>
Photon propagator, monopoles and the thermal phase transition in 3D


  We investigate the gauge boson propagator in three dimensional compact
Abelian gauge model in the Landau gauge at finite temperature. The presence of
the monopole plasma in the confinement phase leads to appearance of an
anomalous dimension in the momentum dependence of the propagator. The anomalous
dimension as well as an appropriate ratio of photon wave function
renormalization constants with and without monopoles are observed to be order
parameters for the deconfinement phase transition. We discuss the relation
between our results and the confining properties of the gluon propagator in
non--Abelian gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126197 </DOCNO>
Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster


  By utilising the large multi-plexing advantage of the 2dF spectrograph on the
Anglo-Australian Telescope, we have been able to obtain a complete
spectroscopic sample of all objects in a predefined magnitude range,
16.5<Bj<19.7, regardless of morphology, in an area towards the centre of the
Fornax Cluster of galaxies. Among the unresolved or marginally resolved targets
we have found five objects which are actually at the redshift of the Fornax
Cluster, i.e. they are extremely compact dwarf galaxies or extremely large star
clusters. All five have absorption line spectra. With intrinsic sizes less than
1.1 arc second HWHM (corresponding to approximately 100 pc at the distance of
the cluster), they are more compact and significantly less luminous than other
known compact dwarf galaxies, yet much brighter than any globular cluster. In
this letter we present new ground based optical observations of these enigmatic
objects. In addition to having extremely high central surface brightnesses,
these objects show no evidence of any surrounding low surface brightness
envelopes down to much fainter limits than is the case for, e.g., nucleated
dwarf ellipticals. Thus, if they are not merely the stripped remains of some
other type of galaxy, then they appear to have properties unlike any previously
known type of stellar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2786 </DOCNO>
Self- generated disorder and structural glass formation in homopolymer


  We have investigated the interrelation between the spin glasses and the
structural glasses. Spin glasses in this case are random magnets without
reflection symmetry (e.g. $p$ - spin interaction spin glasses and Potts
glasses) which contain quenched disorder, whereas the structural glasses are
here exemplified by the homopolymeric globule, which can be viewed as a liquid
of connected molecules on nano scales. It is argued that the homopolymeric
globule problem can be mapped onto a disorder field theoretical model whose
effective Hamiltonian resembles the corresponding one for the spin glass model.
In this sense the disorder in the globule is self - generated (in contrast to
spin glasses) and can be related with competitive interactions (virial
coefficients of different signs) and the chain connectivity. The work is aimed
at giving a quantitative description of this analogy. We have investigated the
phase diagram of the homopolymeric globule where the transition line from the
liquid to glassy globule is treated in terms of the replica symmetry breaking
paradigm. The configurational entropy temperature dependence is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4445 </DOCNO>
Chiral Correction to the Spin Fluctuation Feedback in two-dimensional


  We consider the stability of the superconducting phase for spin-triplet
p-wave pairing in a quasi-two-dimensional system. We show that in the absence
of spin-orbit coupling there is a chiral contribution to spin fluctuation
feedback which is related to spin quantum Hall effect in a chiral
superconducting phase. We show that this mechanism supports the stability of a
chiral p-wave state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98231 </DOCNO>
Filling in solvable groups and in lattices in semisimple groups


  We prove that the filling order is quadratic for a large class of solvable
groups and asymptotically quadratic for all Q-rank one lattices in semisimple
groups of R-rank at least 3. As a byproduct of auxiliary results we give a
shorter proof of the theorem on the nondistorsion of horospheres providing also
an estimate of a nondistorsion constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2184 </DOCNO>
Phase-fluctuating 3D condensates in elongated traps


  We find that in very elongated 3D trapped Bose gases, even at temperatures
far below the BEC transition temperature Tc, the equilibrium state will be a 3D
condensate with fluctuating phase (quasicondensate). At sufficiently low
temperatures the phase fluctuations are suppressed and the quasicondensate
turns into a true condensate. The presence of the phase fluctuations allows for
extending thermometry of Bose-condensed gases well below those established in
current experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98105 </DOCNO>
On the crossing number of positive knots and braids and braid index


  We give examples of knots with some unusual properties of the crossing number
of positive diagrams or strand number of positive braid representations. In
particular we show that positive braid knots may not have positive minimal
(strand number) braid representations, giving a counterpart to results of
Franks-Williams and Murasugi. Other examples answer questions of Cromwell on
homogeneous and (partially) of Adams on almost alternating knots.
  We give a counterexample to, and a corrected version of a theorem of Jones on
the Alexander polynomial of 4-braid knots. We also give an example of a knot on
which all previously applied braid index criteria fail to estimate sharply
(from below) the braid index. A relation between (generalizations of) such
examples and a conjecture of Jones that a minimal braid representation has
unique writhe is discussed.
  Finally, we give a counterexample to Morton's conjecture relating the genus
and degree of the skein polynomial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85740 </DOCNO>
On the Green functions of gravitational radiation theory


  Previous work in the literature has studied gravitational radiation in
black-hole collisions at the speed of light. In particular, it had been proved
that the perturbative field equations may all be reduced to equations in only
two independent variables, by virtue of a conformal symmetry at each order in
perturbation theory. The Green function for the perturbative field equations is
here analyzed by studying the corresponding second-order hyperbolic operator
with variable coefficients, instead of using the reduction method from the
retarded flat-space Green function in four dimensions. After reduction to
canonical form of this hyperbolic operator, the integral representation of the
solution in terms of the Riemann function is obtained. The Riemann function
solves a characteristic initial-value problem for which analytic formulae
leading to the numerical solution are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73987 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Constant Problem in Brane--Worlds and Gravitational


  Brane worlds are theories with extra spatial dimensions in which ordinary
matter is localized on a (3+1) dimensional submanifold. Such theories could
have interesting consequences for particle physics and gravitational physics.
In this essay we concentrate on the cosmological constant (CC) problem in the
context of brane worlds. We show how extra-dimensional scenarios may violate
Lorentz invariance in the gravity sector of the effective 4D theory, while
particle physics remains unaffected. In such theories the usual no-go theorems
for adjustment of the CC do not apply, and we indicate a possible explanation
of the smallness of the CC. Lorentz violating effects would manifest themselves
in gravitational waves travelling with a speed different from light, which can
be searched for in gravitational wave experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126623 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in the Interacting Pair NGC7733/34


  The problem of star formation within the interacting pair NGC7733/34 has been
studied, based on the UBVRI photometry of the source. The distribution of the
colors of selected regions within the galaxies is used to infer an estimate for
the age distribution of the star forming regions. The results seem to indicate
the presence of numerous extended young star-forming regions in the disk of one
of the two galaxies, NGC 7733, with ages in the range of $10^6$--$10^8$ yr.
However, there exist no evidence for any violent star formation activity, in
the past $10^8$ yr, in the nuclei of the two galaxies. The pair seems to be a
merger bound system with the brightest, youngest, site of star forming activity
lying at the disk interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76640 </DOCNO>
Extra generations and discrepancies of electroweak precision data


  It is shown that additional chiral generations are not excluded by the latest
electroweak precision data if one assumes that there is no mixing with the
known three generations. In the case of ``heavy extra generations'', when all
four new particles are heavier than $Z$ boson, quality of the fit for the one
new generation is as good as for zero new generations (Standard Model). In the
case of neutral leptons with masses around 50 GeV (``partially heavy extra
generations'') the minimum of $\chi^2$ is between one and two extra
generations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97593 </DOCNO>
The ideal structures of crossed products of Cuntz algebras by quasi-free


  We completely determine the ideal structures of the crossed products of Cuntz
algebras by quasi-free actions of abelian groups and give another proof of A.
Kishimoto's result on the simplicity of such crossed products. We also give a
necessary and sufficient condition that our algebras become primitive, and
compute the Connes spectra and K-groups of our algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98454 </DOCNO>
Almost global existence for quasilinear wave equations in three space


  We prove almost global existence for multiple speed quasilinear wave
equations with quadratic nonlinearities in three spatial dimensions. We prove
new results both for Minkowski space and also for nonlinear Dirichlet-wave
equations outside of star shaped obstacles. The results for Minkowski space
generalize a classical theorem of John and Klainerman. Our techniques only uses
the classical invariance of the wave operator under translations, spatial
rotations, and scaling. We exploit the $O(|x|^{-1})$ decay of solutions of the
wave equation as opposed to the more difficult $O(|t|^{-1})$ decay.
Accordingly, a key step in our approach is to prove a pointwise estimate of
solutions of the wave equations that gives $O(1/t)$ decay of solutions of the
inhomomogeneous linear wave equation based in terms of $O(1/|x|)$ estimates for
the forcing term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73839 </DOCNO>
String Theory and Quintessence


  We discuss the obstacles for defining a set of observable quantities
analogous to an S-matrix which are needed to formulate string theory in an
accelerating universe. We show that the quintessence models with the equations
of state $-1 < w <-1/3$ have future horizons and may be no better suited to an
S-matrix or S-vector description. We also show that in a class of theories with
a stable supersymmetric vacuum, a system cannot relax into a zero-energy
supersymmetric vacuum while accelerating if the evolution is dominated by a
single scalar field with a stable potential. Thus describing an eternally
accelerating universe may be a challenge for string theory as presently
defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76553 </DOCNO>
Heavy Ion Physics at LHC


  The study of heavy ion interactions constitutes an important part of the
experimental program outlined for the Large Hadron Collider under construction
at CERN and expected to be operational by 2006. ALICE is the single detector
having the capabilities to explore at the same time most of the characteristics
of high energy heavy ion interactions. Specific studies of jet quenching and
quarkonia production, essentially related to $\mu$ detection are also planned
by CMS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123745 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution and Starbursts


  The first part of this paper deals with the impact of nonsolar and - for
late-type, dwarf, and high redshift galaxies - generally subsolar abundances on
the interpretation of observational data for starburst galaxies. It points out
the differences in colors, luminosities, emission lines, etc. obtained from a
model using low metallicity input physics for a starburst on top of the stellar
population of a galaxy as compared to an otherwise identical model using solar
metallicity input physics only.
  The second part deals with the chemical evolution during a starburst and
contrasts model predictions with observational clues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86317 </DOCNO>
Acceleration, streamlines and potential flows in general relativity:


  Analytical and numerical solutions for the integral curves of the velocity
field (streamlines) of a steady-state flow of an ideal fluid with $p = \rho$
equation of state are presented. The streamlines associated with an accelerate
black hole and a rigid sphere are studied in some detail, as well as, the
velocity fields of a black hole and a rigid sphere in an external dipolar field
(constant acceleration field). In the latter case the dipole field is produced
by an axially symmetric halo or shell of matter. For each case the fluid
density is studied using contour lines. We found that the presence of
acceleration is detected by these contour lines. As far as we know this is the
first time that the integral curves of the velocity field for accelerate
objects and related spacetimes are studied in general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149188 </DOCNO>
(Dis)assembling Special Lagrangians


  We explain microscopically why split attractor flows, known to underlie
certain stationary BPS solutions of four dimensional N=2 supergravity, are the
relevant data to describe wrapped D-branes in Calabi-Yau compactifications of
type II string theory. We work entirely in the context of the classical
geometry of A-branes, i.e. special Lagrangian submanifolds, avoiding both the
use of homological algebra and explicit constructions of special Lagrangians.
Our results provide a way to disassemble and assemble arbitrary special
Lagrangians to and from more simple building blocks, giving a concrete way to
determine for example marginal stability walls and deformation moduli spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2194 </DOCNO>
Critical and Multicritical Semi-Random (1+d)-Dimensional Lattices and


  We investigate models of (1+d)-D Lorentzian semi-random lattices with one
random (space-like) direction and d regular (time-like) ones. We prove a
general inversion formula expressing the partition function of these models as
the inverse of that of hard objects in d dimensions. This allows for an exact
solution of a variety of new models including critical and multicritical
generalized (1+1)-D Lorentzian surfaces, with fractal dimensions $d_F=k+1$,
k=1,2,3,..., as well as a new model of (1+2)-D critical tetrahedral complexes,
with fractal dimension $d_F=12/5$. Critical exponents and universal scaling
functions follow from this solution. We finally establish a general connection
between (1+d)-D Lorentzian lattices and directed-site lattice animals in (1+d)
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77090 </DOCNO>
B_d-Bbar_d Mixing and the B_d -> J/psi K_s Asymmetry in General SUSY


  We present a next-to-leading order determination of the gluino-mediated SUSY
contributions to B_d-Bbar_d mixing and to the CP asymmetry a_{J/psi K_s} in the
framework of the mass-insertion approximation. Using hadronic matrix elements
recently computed on the lattice, we obtain improved constraints on the
squark-mass splittings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129473 </DOCNO>
The birth place of gamma-ray bursts: abundance gradients and constraints


  The physics of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their offsets from the centers of
their host galaxies are used to investigate the evolutionary state of their
progenitors, motivated by the popular idea that GRBs are linked with the
cataclysmic collapse of massive stars. We suggest that GRB progenitors in the
inner and outer regions of hosts may be intrinsically different: outer bursts
appear to have systematically greater isotropic equivalent energies (or
narrower jets). This may provide an interesting clue to the nature of GRBs, and
could reflect a relation between metallicity and the evolution of GRB
progenitors. If true, then this offset-isotropic luminosity correlation is a
strong argument for a collapsar origin of long-duration GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76094 </DOCNO>
Parton Distributions Functions of Pion, Kaon and Eta pseudoscalar mesons


  Parton distributions of pseudoscalar pi,K and eta mesons obtained within the
NJL model using the Pauli-Villars regularization method are analyzed in terms
of LO and NLO evolution, and the valence sea quark and gluon parton
distributions for the pion are obtained at Q^2 = 4 GeV^2 and compared to
existing parametrizations at that scale. Surprisingly, the NLO order effects
turn out to be small compared to the LO ones. The valence distributions are in
good agreement with experimental analyses, but the gluon and sea distributions
come out to be softer in the high-x region and harder in the low-x region than
the experimental analyses suggest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6527 </DOCNO>
Possible superconductivity above 400 K in carbon-based multiwall


  Magnetization and resistance measurements were carried out on carbon-based
multiwall nanotubes. Both magnetization and resistance data can be consistently
explained in terms of bulk superconductivity above 400 K although we cannot
completely rule out other possible explanations to the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6436 </DOCNO>
Classification of Possible Finite-Time Singularities by Functional


  Starting from a representation of the early time evolution of a dynamical
system in terms of the polynomial expression of some observable f (t) as a
function of the time variable in some interval 0 < t < T, we investigate how to
extrapolate/forecast in some optimal stability sense the future evolution of
f(t) for time t>T. Using the functional renormalization of Yukalov and Gluzman,
we offer a general classification of the possible regimes that can be defined
based on the sole knowledge of the coefficients of a second-order polynomial
representation of the dynamics. In particular, we investigate the conditions
for the occurence of finite-time singularities from the structure of the time
series, and quantify the critical time and the functional nature of the
singularity when present. We also describe the regimes when a smooth extremum
replaces the singularity and determine its position and amplitude. This extends
previous works by (1) quantifying the stability of the functional
renormalization method more accurately, (2) introducing new global constraints
in terms of moments and (3) going beyond the ``mean-field'' approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74718 </DOCNO>
Spin Transfers for Baryon Production in Polarized pp Collisions at


  We consider the inclusive production of longitudinally polarized baryons in
${\vec p}p$ collisions at RHIC-BNL, with one longitudinally polarized proton.
We study the spin transfer between the initial proton and the produced baryon
as a function of its rapidity and we elucidate its sensitivity to the quark
helicity distributions of the proton and to the polarized fragmentation
functions of the quark into the baryon. We make predictions using an SU(6)
quark spectator model and a perturbative QCD (pQCD) based model. We discuss
these different predictions, and what can be learned from them, in view of the
forthcoming experiments at RHIC-BNL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73070 </DOCNO>
GigaZ: High Precision Tests of the SM and the MSSM


  The high-energy lepton collider TESLA can be operated in the GigaZ mode on
the Z resonance, producing a billion Z bosons per year. This will allow the
measurement of the effective electroweak mixing angle to an accuracy much
better than one part in 10,000. Similarly, the W boson mass is expected to be
measurable with an error of 6 MeV near threshold. We discuss the impact of
these observables on the accuracy with which the Higgs boson mass can be
determined from loop corrections within the Standard Model. We also study
indirect constraints on new mass scales within the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73288 </DOCNO>
Single Diffractive Lambda_c^+ Production in Polarized pp Scattering with


  Based on the hard-scattering factorization which decomposes the diffractive
structure function into a pomeron flux and a pomeron structure function, we
study the single diffractive Lambda_c^+ production in polarized pp scattering:
p + p -> p + Lambda_c^+ + X, which will be observed at forthcoming RHIC
experiment. By analyzing the cross section and correlation of the spin
polarization between the initial proton and produced Lambda_c^+, we found that
the process is quite effective for testing both hard-scattering factorization
and models of the polarized gluon distribution in the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127491 </DOCNO>
Constrained Simulations of the Real Universe: II. Observational


  We present results of gasdynamics+N-body constrained cosmological simulations
of the Local Supercluster region (LSC; about 30/h Mpc around the Virgo
cluster), which closely mimic the real Universe within 100 Mpc by imposing
constraints from Mark III catalog of galaxy peculiar velocities. The
simulations are used to study the properties and possible observational
signatures of intergalactic medium in the LSC region. We find that, in
agreement with previous unconstrained simulations, about 30% of the gas in this
region is in the warm/hot phase at T~10^5-10^7 K, and about 40% in the diffuse
phase at T<10^5 K in low-density regions. The best prospects for detection of
the warm/hot intergalactic medium of the LSC located in filaments and in the
vicinity of virialized regions of groups and clusters are through absorption in
resonant lines of OVII and OVIII in soft X-rays and in the OVI doublet in UV.
If intergalactic gas in filaments (rho/<rho>~ 1-10) is enriched to typical
metallicities of >0.05, the column densities of OVI, OVII, and OVIII along a
random line of sight near the North Galactic Pole, especially near the
supergalactic plane, have a significant probability to be in the range
detectable by the current (FUSE,XMM) and future (Constellation-X) instruments.
(Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148450 </DOCNO>
*-Products on Quantum Spaces


  In this paper we present explicit formulas for the *-product on quantum
spaces which are of particular importance in physics, i.e., the q-deformed
Minkowski space and the q-deformed Euclidean space in 3 and 4 dimensions,
respectively. Our formulas are complete and formulated using the deformation
parameter q. In addition, we worked out an expansion in powers of h=lnq up to
second order, for all considered cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83531 </DOCNO>
Checking Properties within Fairness and Behavior Abstractions


  This paper is motivated by the fact that verifying liveness properties under
a fairness condition is often problematic, especially when abstraction is used.
It shows that using a more abstract notion than truth under fairness,
specifically the concept of a property being satisfied within fairness can lead
to interesting possibilities. Technically, it is first established that
deciding satisfaction within fairness is a PSPACE-complete problem and it is
shown that properties satisfied within fairness can always be satisfied by some
fair implementation. Thereafter, the interaction between behavior abstraction
and satisfaction within fairness is studied and it is proved that satisfaction
of properties within fairness can be verified on behavior abstractions, if the
abstraction homomorphism is weakly continuation-closed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2641 </DOCNO>
Preferential growth: Solution and application to modeling stock market


  We consider a preferential growth model where particles are added one by one
to the system consisting of clusters of particles. A new particle can either
form a new cluster (with probability q) or join an already existing cluster
with a probability proportional to the size thereof. We calculate exactly the
probability P_i(k,t) that the size of the i-th cluster at time t is k. We
applied our model as a background for a microscopic economic model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99208 </DOCNO>
Reformulating the Map


  This paper discusses reformulations of the problem of coloring plane maps
with four colors. The context is the edge-coloring with three colors of cubic
graphs such that three distinct colors occur at each vertex. We include
discussion of the Eliahou-Kryuchkov conjecture, the Penrose formula, the vector
cross product formulation and the reformulations in terms of formations and
factorizations due to G. Spencer-Brown. The latter includes a proof of the
Spencer-Brown parity lemma and discussion of the parity-pass algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150156 </DOCNO>
Relating Superembeddings and Non-linear Realisations


  We discuss the relation between the superembedding method for deriving
worldvolume actions for D-branes and the method of Partially Broken Global
Supersymmetry based upon linear and non-linear realisations of SUSY. We give
the explicit relation for the cases of space filling branes in 3 and 4
dimensions and show that the standard F-constraint of the superembedding method
is the source of the required covariant non-linear constraints for the PBGS
method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148883 </DOCNO>
Topological DBI actions and nonlinear instantons


  We consider Euclidean D4 and D6-branes filling the whole ${\bf R}^4$ and
${\bf R}^6$ space, respectively. In both cases, with a constant background
B-field turned on for D4-branes, we propose actions which are the same as the
DBI actions up to some constant or total derivative terms. These extra terms
allow us to write the action as a square of nonlinear instanton equations. As
such, the actions can easily be supersymmetrized using the methods of
topological field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128225 </DOCNO>
Instability of Quark Matter Core in a Compact Newborn Neutron Star With


  It is explicitly shown that if phase transition occurs at the core of a
newborn neutron star with moderately strong magnetic field strength, which
populates only the electron's Landau levels, then in the $\beta$-equilibrium
condition, the quark core is energetically much more unstable than the neutron
matter of identical physical condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76777 </DOCNO>
Charmonium Spectrum from Quenched Anisotropic Lattice QCD


  We present a detailed study of the charmonium spectrum using anisotropic
lattice QCD. We first derive a tree-level improved clover quark action on the
anisotropic lattice for arbitrary quark mass. The heavy quark mass dependences
of the improvement coefficients, i.e. the ratio of the hopping parameters
$\zeta=K_t/K_s$ and the clover coefficients $c_{s,t}$, are examined at the tree
level. We then compute the charmonium spectrum in the quenched approximation
employing $\xi = a_s/a_t = 3$ anisotropic lattices. Simulations are made with
the standard anisotropic gauge action and the anisotropic clover quark action
at four lattice spacings in the range $a_s$=0.07-0.2 fm. The clover
coefficients $c_{s,t}$ are estimated from tree-level tadpole improvement. On
the other hand, for the ratio of the hopping parameters $\zeta$, we adopt both
the tree-level tadpole-improved value and a non-perturbative one. We calculate
the spectrum of S- and P-states and their excitations. The results largely
depend on the scale input even in the continuum limit, showing a quenching
effect. When the lattice spacing is determined from the $1P-1S$ splitting, the
deviation from the experimental value is estimated to be $\sim$30% for the
S-state hyperfine splitting and $\sim$20% for the P-state fine structure. Our
results are consistent with previous results at $\xi = 2$ obtained by Chen when
the lattice spacing is determined from the Sommer scale $r_0$. We also address
the problem with the hyperfine splitting that different choices of the clover
coefficients lead to disagreeing results in the continuum limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81179 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Optimization of Wave Functions for Lattice Field Models


  The accuracy of Green Function Monte Carlo (GFMC) simulations can be greatly
improved by a clever choice of the approximate ground state wave function that
controls configuration sampling. This trial wave function typically depends on
many free parameters whose fixing is a non trivial task. Here, we discuss a
general purpose adaptive algorithm for their non-linear optimization. As a non
trivial application we test the method on the two dimensional Wess-Zumino
model, a relativistically invariant supersymmetric field theory with
interacting bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96014 </DOCNO>
Bethe's states for generalized XXX and XXZ models


  For any rational number $p_0\ge 1$ we prove an identity of
Rogers-Ramanujan-Gordon-Andrews' type. Bijection between the space of states
for XXZ model and that of XXX model is constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4337 </DOCNO>
Linear Response in Complex Systems: CTRW and the Fractional


  We consider the linear response of systems modelled by continuous-time random
walks (CTRW) and by fractional Fokker-Planck equations under the influence of
time-dependent external fields. We calculate the corresponding response
functions explicitely. The CTRW curve exhibits aging, i.e. it is not
translationally invariant in the time-domain. This is different from what
happens under fractional Fokker-Planck conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129651 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Lensing of the Most Distant Known Supernova, SN1997ff


  We investigate the effect of gravitational lensing on the farthest known
supernova, SN1997ff. The SN was found at z~1.7 in the Hubble Deep Field North
and is most likely of Type Ia. Due to our poor knowledge of the properties of
the lensing foreground galaxies, we conclude that large magnification effects
are possible for reasonable lens parameter values implying that this single SN
does not put any strong constraints on the cosmological parameters, grey dust
obscuration or luminosity evolution of SNIa until we can model the lensing with
high accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7515 </DOCNO>
Zn impurity induced moments and tunneling conductance asymmetry in


  The effects of a non-magnetic Zn impurity substituting an in-plane Cu are
studied by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation self-consistently which is
derived from the \ttju Hamiltonian with all the allowed order parameters
included. The Zn impurity, modeled in terms of a potential scatterer in unitary
limit, induces local staggered magnetic moments around itself, and the
calculated NMR shifts from the induced moments are in agreement with the
experimental Cu NMR spectra. We also note that the experimentally observed
negative slope of the tunneling conductance can result from the next-nearest
hopping $t'$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127963 </DOCNO>
HD 174005: another binary classified as lambda Boo


  We demonstrate that HD 174005, a star recently classified as belonging to the
lambda Boo group, is in reality a double lined spectroscopic binary; at some
phases, the observed composite spectrum may be similar to that of a single star
with weak metal lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5552 </DOCNO>
Metamagnetic Quantum Criticality


  A renormalization group treatment of metamagnetic quantum criticality in
metals is presented. In clean systems the universality class is found to be of
the overdamped, conserving (dynamical exponent z=3) Ising type. Detailed
results are obtained for the field and temperature dependence of physical
quantities including the differential susceptibility, resistivity and specific
heat near the transition. An application of the theory is made to Sr3Ru2O7,
which appears to exhibit a metamagnetic critical end-point at a very low
temperature and a field of order 5-7T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148733 </DOCNO>
AdS Dynamics for Massive Scalar Field: exact solutions vs. bulk-boundary


  AdS dynamics for massive scalar field is studied both by solving exactly the
equation of motion and by constructing bulk-boundary propagator. A
Robertson-Walker-like metric is deduced from the familiar SO(2,n) invariant
metric. The metric allows us to present a time-like Killing vector, which is
not only invariant under space-like transformations but also invariant under
the isometric transformations of SO(2,n) in certain sense. A horizon appears in
this coordinate system. Singularities of field variables at boundary are
demonstrated explicitly. It is shown that there is a one-to-one correspondence
among the exact solutions and the bulk fields obtained by using the
bulk-boundary propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72863 </DOCNO>
A Model for Neutrino Warm Dark Matter and Neutrino Oscillations


  The muon- and tau-neutrinos with the mass in the keV range, which are allowed
in a low reheating temperature cosmology, can compose the warm dark matter of
the universe. A model of four light neutrinos including the keV scale $\nu_\mu$
and $\nu_\tau$ is studied, which combines the seesaw mechanism and the Abelian
flavor symmetry. The atmospheric neutrino anomaly is due to the
$\nu_\mu-\nu_\tau$ oscillation. The solar neutrino problem is answered by the
oscillation into the light sterile neutrino, where the SMA, LMA, and LOW-QVO
solutions can be accommodated in our scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169325 </DOCNO>
Entanglement of internal and external angular momenta of a single atom


  We consider the exchange of spin and orbital angular momenta between a
circularly polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam of light and a single atom trapped
in a two-dimensional harmonic potential. The radiation field is treated
classically but the atomic center-of-mass motion is quantized. The spin and
orbital angular momenta of the field are individually conserved upon
absorption, and this results in the entanglement of the internal and external
degrees of freedom of the atom. We suggest applications of this entanglement in
quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126175 </DOCNO>
U, B and r band luminosity functions of galaxies in the Coma cluster


  We present a deep multi-colour CCD mosaic of the Coma cluster (Abell 1656),
covering 5.2 deg^2 in the B and r bands, and 1.3 deg^2 in the U band. This
large, homogeneous data set provides a valuable low redshift comparison sample
for studies of galaxies in distant clusters. In this paper we present our
survey, and study the dependence of the galaxy luminosity function (LF) on
passband and radial distance from the cluster centre. The U, B and r band LFs
of the complete sample cannot be represented by single Schechter functions. For
the central area, r<245 h_{100}^{-1} kpc, we find best-fitting Schechter
parameters of M^{*}_U=-18.60^{+0.13}_{-0.18} and
\alpha_U=-1.32^{+0.018}_{-0.028}, M^{*}_B=-19.79^{+0.18}_{-0.17} and
\alpha_B=-1.37^{+0.024}_{-0.016} and M^{*}_r=-20.87^{+0.12}_{-0.17} and
\alpha_r=-1.16^{+0.012}_{-0.019}. The LF becomes steeper at larger radial
distance from the cluster centre. The effect is most pronounced in the U band.
This result is consistent with the presence of a star forming dwarf population
at large distance from the cluster centre, which may be in the process of being
accreted by the cluster. The shapes of the LFs of the NGC 4839 group support a
scenario in which the group has already passed through the centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95594 </DOCNO>
Instanton algebras and quantum 4-spheres


  We study some generalized instanton algebras which are required to describe
`instantonic complex rank 2 bundles'. The spaces on which the bundles are
defined are not prescribed from the beginning but rather are obtained from some
natural requirements on the instantons. They turn out to be quantum 4-spheres
$S^4_q$, with $q\in\IC$, and the instantons are described by self-adjoint
idempotents e. We shall also clarify some issues related to the vanishing of
the first Chern-Connes class $ch_1(e)$ and on the use of the second
Chern-Connes class $ch_2(e)$ as a volume form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83567 </DOCNO>
On the predictability of Rainfall in Kerala- An application of ABF


  Rainfall in Kerala State, the southern part of Indian Peninsula in particular
is caused by the two monsoons and the two cyclones every year. In general,
climate and rainfall are highly nonlinear phenomena in nature giving rise to
what is known as the `butterfly effect'. We however attempt to train an ABF
neural network on the time series rainfall data and show for the first time
that in spite of the fluctuations resulting from the nonlinearity in the
system, the trends in the rainfall pattern in this corner of the globe have
remained unaffected over the past 87 years from 1893 to 1980. We also
successfully filter out the chaotic part of the system and illustrate that its
effects are marginal over long term predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6252 </DOCNO>
Manifestation of marginal Fermi liquid and phonon excitations in


  Recent ARPES experiments in cuprates superconductors show a kink in the
electron dispersion near the Fermi energy. This kink coexists with a linear
frequency dependence of the imaginary part of the electron self-energy. In this
paper we show that both features could be accounted for if an electron-phonon
interaction is included in a model where the electrons are described by a
marginal Fermi liquid theory. Phonons provide the energy scale seen in the
experiments but the quasiparticle weight at the Fermi level is zero. At high
binding energy, in agreement with the experiment, the electron dispersion does
not go to the one-electron band.
  We analyze the compatibility between the electron scattering rate extracted
from ARPES experiment and the one extracted from transport properties. We
conclude that the electron-phonon interaction relevant for transport properties
is strongly screened respect to the one extracted from ARPES. This is in
agreement with recent studies in the context of 1/N expansion on t-J model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97433 </DOCNO>
Topological Deformation of Higher Dimensional Automata


  A local po-space is a gluing of topological spaces which are equipped with a
closed partial ordering representing the time flow. They are used as a
formalization of higher dimensional automata which model concurrent systems in
computer science. It is known that there are two distinct notions of
deformation of higher dimensional automata, ``spatial'' and ``temporal'',
leaving invariant computer scientific properties like presence or absence of
deadlocks. Unfortunately, the formalization of these notions is still unknown
in the general case of local po-spaces. We introduce here a particular kind of
local po-space, the ``globular CW-complexes'', for which we formalize these
notions of deformations. Globular CW-complexes are designed to be to local
po-spaces what CW-complexes are to topological spaces.
  After localizing the category of globular CW-complexes by spatial and
temporal deformations, we get a category (the category of dihomotopy types)
whose objects up to isomorphism represent exactly the higher dimensional
automata up to deformation. Thus globular CW-complexes provide a rigorous
mathematical foundation to study from an algebraic topology point of view
higher dimensional automata and concurrent computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76749 </DOCNO>
CERN to Gran Sasso; An ideal distance for superbeam?


  We use the CP trajectory diagram as a tool for pictorial representation of
the genuine CP and the matter effects to explore the possibility of an in situ
simultaneous measurement of \delta and the sign of \Delta m^2_{13}. We end up
with a low-energy conventional superbeam experiment with a megaton-class water
Cherenkov detector and baseline length of about 700 km. A picturesque
description of the combined ambiguity which may arise in simultaneous
determination of \theta_{13} and the above two quantities is given in terms of
CP trajectory diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6529 </DOCNO>
Absence of stable collinear configurations in Ni(001)ultrathin films:


  Brillouin light scattering (BLS) measurements were performed for (17-120)
Angstrom thick Cu/Ni/Cu/Si(001) films. A monotonic dependence of the frequency
of the uniform mode on an in-plane magnetic field H was observed both on
increasing and on decreasing H in the range (2-14) kOe, suggesting the absence
of a metastable collinear perpendicular ground state. Further investigation by
magneto-optical vector magnetometry (MOKE-VM) in an unconventional canted-field
geometry provided evidence for a domain structure where the magnetization is
canted with respect to the perpendicular to the film. Spin wave calculations
confirm the absence of stable collinear configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86144 </DOCNO>
On the Detection of Scalar Field Induced Spacetime Torsion


  We argue that the geodesic hypothesis based on the autoparalllels of the
Levi-Civita connection may need refinement in the scalar- tensor theories of
gravity. Based on a reformulation of the Brans- Dicke theory in terms of a
connection with torsion determined dynamically in terms of the gradient of the
Brans-Dicke scalar field, we compute the perihelion shift in the orbit of
Mercury on the alternative hypothesis that its worldline is an autoparallel of
a connection with torsion. If the Brans-Dicke scalar field couples
significantly to matter and test particles move on such worldlines, the current
time keeping methods based on the conventional geodesic hypothesis may need
refinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126406 </DOCNO>
Temperature Bias and the Primordial Helium Abundance Determination


  We study the effect that the temperature structure has on the determination
of the primordial helium abundance, Yp. We provide an equation linking T(OIII),
the temperature derived from the [OIII] lines, and T(HeII), the temperature of
the He I lines, both for HII regions with O++ only and for HII regions where a
fraction of O+ is present. By means of T(HeII), which is always smaller than
T(OIII), we derive the helium abundances of 5 objects with low and very low
metallicity (NGC 346, NGC 2363, Haro29, SBS 0335-052, and I Zw 18); these
objects were selected from the literature because they include the 3 low
metallicity objects with the best line determinations and the 2 objects with
the lowest metallicity. From these abundances we obtain that
Yp(nHc)=0.2356+-0.0020, a value 0.0088 lower than that derived by using
T(OIII). We call this determination Yp(nHc) because the collisional
contribution to the Balmer line intensities has not been taken into account.
All the recent Yp determinations in the literature have not taken into account
the collisional contribution to the Balmer line intensities. By considering the
collisional contribution to the Balmer line intensities of these five objects
we derive that Yp(+Hc)=0.2384+-0.0025.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149732 </DOCNO>
Non-Commutative Instantons and the Seiberg-Witten Map


  We present several results concerning non-commutative instantons and the
Seiberg-Witten map. Using a simple ansatz we find a large new class of
instanton solutions in arbitrary even dimensional non-commutative Yang-Mills
theory. These include the two dimensional ``shift operator'' solutions and the
four dimensional Nekrasov-Schwarz instantons as special cases. We also study
how the Seiberg-Witten map acts on these instanton solutions. The infinitesimal
Seiberg-Witten map is shown to take a very simple form in operator language,
and this result is used to give a commutative description of non-commutative
instantons. The instanton is found to be singular in commutative variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124281 </DOCNO>
A `superoutburst' in XTE J1118+480


  I propose that the properties of the two outbursts observed in the X-ray
transient XTE J1118+480 in 2000 are akin to superoutbursts of SU UMa stars. In
these systems a `normal' outburst immediately precedes a 5-10 times longer
(`super')outburst. The optical light curve of the outbursts of XTE J1118+480 is
remarkably similar to that seen in some SU UMa stars, such as UV Per and T Leo,
where the precursor outburst is distinct from the superoutburst, but the time
scales are a factor of ~15 different. The first outburst of XTE J1118+480 was
relatively short (~1 month) while the second outburst was ~5 times longer.
During the second outburst superhumps were seen, a feature characteristic for
superoutbursts. The gap of about a month between the two outbursts is longer in
X-rays with respect to the optical, a feature not previously recognized for
X-ray transients. Also in SU UMa stars the precursor outburst becomes more
distinct at shorter wavelengths. Finally, I show that the time of appearance of
the superhumps in XTE J1118+480 is consistent with the expected superhump
growth time, if the superhump mechanism was triggered during the first
outburst. I conclude that the similarity in outburst behaviour in the two types
of systems provides further support that a common mechanism is at work to start
the long (`super')outbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76273 </DOCNO>
Casimir Energy of Confined Fields: A Role of the RG Invariance


  A role of the renormalization group invariance in calculations of the ground
state energy for models with confined fermion fields is discussed. The case of
the (1+1)D MIT bag with massive fermions is studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149845 </DOCNO>
3D heterotic string theory: new approach and extremal solutions


  We develop a new formalism for the bosonic sector of low-energy heterotic
string theory toroidally compactified to three dimensions. This formalism is
based on the use of some single non-quadratic real matrix potential which
transforms linearly under the action of subgroup of the three-dimensional
charging symmetries. We formulate a new charging symmetry invariant approach
for the symmetry generation and straightforward construction of asymptotically
flat solutions. Finally, using the developed approach and the established
formal analogy between the heterotic and Einstein-Maxwell theories, we
construct a general class of the heterotic string theory extremal solutions of
the Israel-Wilson-Perjes type. This class is asymptotically flat and charging
symmetry complete; it includes the extremal solutions constructed before and
possesses the non-trivial bosonic string theory limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124385 </DOCNO>
On The Nature Of Superoutbursts In Dwarf Novae


  We present the first detailed hydrodynamic simulation of a superoutburst to
incorporate the full tidal potential of a binary system. A two-dimensional
smoothed particle hydrodynamics code is used to simulate a superoutburst in a
binary with the parameters of the SU UMa system Z Chamaeleontis. The simulated
light curves shows all the features observed in such systems. Analysis of the
mass flux through the disc and the growth rate of the superhumps and disc
eccentricity show that the superoutburst-superhump phenomenon is a direct
result of tidal instability. No enhanced mass transfer from the secondary is
required to initiate or sustain these phenomena. Comparisons of superoutbursts
with normal outbursts are made and we show that the model can be reconciled
with the behavior of U Geminorum type dwarf novae, which show no
superoutbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125153 </DOCNO>
Dust emission from the lensed Lyman break galaxy cB58


  We detect 1.2mm continuum emission from dust in the gravitationally lensed
Lyman break galaxy MS 1512+36-cB58. Our detected flux is surprisingly low:
relative to local starburst galaxies, cB58 appears to produce somewhat less
far-IR emission than its UV reddening predicts. After comparing several
different estimates of the source's dust content, we conclude that the apparent
discrepancy is most likely related to uncertainty in its UV spectral slope.
Alternate scenarios to account for a far-IR "deficit" which rely on a high dust
temperature or differential magnification are less satisfactory. Our result
underscores one of the risks inherent in characterizing the cosmic star
formation history from rest-UV data alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126368 </DOCNO>
Some Constraints on The Formation of Globular Clusters


  We explore the constraints on globular cluster formation provided by the
observed conditions in starbursts where globulars are currently forming, and by
the observed properties of young and old globular clusters. We note that the
pressure in the ISM of starbursts and mergers implies that molecular clouds in
these environments have radii similar to those of globular clusters. Such
molecular clouds are therefore viable precursors to globular clusters if the
star formation efficiency in the clouds is high. A high star formation
efficiency may be a consequence of the high density and associated high binding
energy and short dynamical timescale of molecular clouds in such environments.
We also note that the apparent lack of a mass-radius relationship in young and
old globular cluster systems places important constraints on globular cluster
formation models. This is because molecular clouds are observed to follow a
virial scaling relation between mass and radius. We suggest that a variable
star formation efficiency may weaken or eliminate the mass-radius relation of
molecular clouds as they fragment to form globular clusters. We attribute the
absence of young globular clusters in the disks of ordinary galaxies such as
the Milky Way to the relatively low ambient pressures in such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73776 </DOCNO>
Gravitational couplings of charged leptons in a medium


  We calculate the leading order matter-induced corrections to the
gravitational interactions of charged leptons and their antiparticles in a
medium that contains electrons but not the other charged leptons, such as
normal matter. The gravitational coupling, which is universal at the tree
level, is found to be flavor-dependent, and also different for the
corresponding antiparticles, when the corrections of $O(\alpha)$ are taken into
account. General expressions are obtained for the matter-induced corrections to
the gravitational mass in a generic matter background, and explicit formulas
for those corrections are given in terms of the macroscopic parameters of the
medium for particular conditions of the background gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72846 </DOCNO>
Large Mixing Angle MSW Solution in an SU(3)_LxU(1)_N Gauge Model with


  An SU(3)_L x U(1)_N gauge model, where E^{-i} (i=1,2,3) as heavy leptons are
placed in the third member of lepton triplets, is shown to provide the large
mixing angle (LMA) MSW solution to the solar neutrino problem. By introducing
approximate conservation of L_e-L_mu-L_tau (\equiv L') into the model, we have
estimated \Delta m_\odot^2 \sim \sqrt{2}\epsilon \Delta
m_{atm}^2m_{E^1}/(m_{E^2}+m_{E^3}), where \epsilon represents L'-breaking
effects and m_{E^i} is a mass of E^{-i}. Since \Delta m_{atm}^2 \sim 3 x
10^{-3} eV^2, the LMA solution is obtained for \epsilon\sim 0.01-0.1 in the
case of m_{E^1} \sim m_{E^{2,3}}. This mechanism utilizes two-loop radiative
mechanism, which contains a triplet version of the singly charged Zee boson,
h^+, given by \xi = (\xi^{++}, {\bar \xi}^+, h^+)^T. Almost bimaximal mixing is
dynamically realized by the approximate equality between the \xi-couplings of
the first family to the second and third families.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6490 </DOCNO>
Sources, sinks and holes in a one-dimensional traveling wave experiment


  We study sources and sinks in a very long (2 m) heated wire convection
experiment. When the control parameter epsilon is decreased, sources undergo a
transition from stable coherent behavior to erratic behavior. This change in
the dynamics as well as the scaling of the average source width are
qualitatively and quantitatively in accord with earlier theoretical
predictions. We also present new results for the holes sent out by the erratic
sources and for the non-adiabatic behavior and structure of sinks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125672 </DOCNO>
Spherical Mexican Hat wavelet: an application to detect non-Gaussianity


  The spherical Mexican Hat wavelet is introduced in this paper, with the aim
of testing the Gaussianity of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature
fluctuations. Using the information given by the wavelet coefficients at
several scales, we have performed several statistical tests on the COBE-DMR
maps to search for evidence of non-Gaussianity. Skewness, kurtosis, scale-scale
correlations (for two and three scales) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests indicate
that the COBE-DMR data are consistent with a Gaussian distribution. We have
extended the analysis to compare temperature values provided by COBE-DMR data
with distributions (obtained from Gaussian simulations) at each pixel and at
each scale. The number of pixels with temperature values outside the 95% and
the 99% is consistent with that obtained from Gaussian simulations, at all
scales. Moreover, the extrema values for COBE-DMR data (maximum and minimum
temperatures in the map) are also consistent with those obtained from Gaussian
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81076 </DOCNO>
The Local Bosonic Algorithm applied to the massive Schwinger model


  We investigate various variants of the Hermitean version of the Local Bosonic
Algorithm proposed by M. L\"uscher. The model used is two-dimensional Quantum
Electrodynamics (QED) with two flavours of massive Wilson fermions. The
simplicity of the model allows high statistics simulations close to the chiral
and continuum limit.
  To find optimal CPU cost behaviour, we vary the approximation polynomial
parameters $n$ and \epsilon$ as well as the number of over-relaxation steps
within each trajectory. We find flat behaviour around the optimum and a modest
gain with respect to the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm for all variants.
  On the technical side, we demonstrate that a noisy Metropolis acceptance step
is possible also for the Hermitean variant. The numerical instabilities
appearing in the evaluation Chebyshev polynomial are investigated. We propose a
quantitative criterion for these instabilities and a reordering scheme of the
roots reducing the problem.
  The more physical problem of topological charge sectors and metastability is
addressed. We find no plateau in the effective pion mass if metastabilities
become too large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76900 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Medium Effects in Quark-Gluon Plasma


  Based on the kinetic theory, the non-Abelian medium property of hot
Quark-Gluon Plasma is investigated. The nonlinearity of the plasma comes from
two aspects: The nonlinear wave-wave interaction and self-interaction of color
field. The non-Abelian color permittivity is obtained by expanding the kinetic
equations to third order. As an application, the nonlinear Landau damping rate
and the nonlinear eigenfrequency shift are calculated in the longwave length
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179570 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Effects on Bremsstrahlung Neutrino Rates of Astrophysical


  We calculate in this work the rates for the neutrino pair production by
nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung taking into account the full contribution from a
nuclear one-pion-exchange potential. It is shown that if the temperatures are
low enough ($T \leq 20 MeV$), the integration over the nuclear part can be done
for the general case, ranging from the completely degenerate (D) to the
non-degenerate (ND) regime. We find that the inclusion of the full nuclear
contribution enhances the neutrino pair production by $nn$ and $pp$
bremsstrahlung by a factor of about two in both the D and ND limits when
compared with previous calculations. This result may be relevant for the
physical conditions of interest in the semitransparent regions near the
neutrinosphere in type II supernovae, cooling of neutron stars and other
astrophysical situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179462 </DOCNO>
Photon and Electron induced Particle Production on Nuclei


  We discuss several particle production reactions on nuclei within a BUU
transport model. After a short presentation of the model we show our results
for the transparency ratio for the nucleon knock-out reaction in different
nuclei. The influence of the nucleon spectral function on subthreshold particle
production is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76398 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in a Calculable Model with one Extra


  In the framework of a recently proposed extension of the Standard Model, with
N=1 SuperSymmetry in 5 dimensions, compactified on R^1/(Z_2 x Z'_2), we compute
the muon anomalous magnetic moment at one loop to order (M_W R)^2, where R is
the compactification radius. We find the corrections to be small with respect
to the SM pure weak contribution and not capable of explaining the present
discrepancy between theory and experiment for any sensible value of R.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3528 </DOCNO>
Evidence concerning Drying behavior of Ne near the Cs surface


  Using density functional (DF) and Monte Carlo methods, we have studied the
properties of Ne adsorbed on a Cs surface, focusing on the region at and near
saturated vapor pressure (SVP). In the case of Ne/Rb, the experimental data of
Hess, Sabatini and Chan are consistent with the calculations based on an ab
initio fluid-substrate potential, while in the Ne/Cs case there is indication
that the potential is approx 9% too deep. In that case, the calculations yield
partial drying behavior consistent with the experimental finding of depressed
fluid density near the surface, above SVP. However, we find no evidence of a
drying transition, a result consistent with a mean field calculation of Ebner
and Saam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149854 </DOCNO>
Heat kernel Coefficients and Divergencies of the Casimir Energy for the


  The first heat kernel coefficients are calculated for a dispersive ball whose
permittivity at high frequency differs from unity by inverse powers of the
frequency. The corresponding divergent part of the vacuum energy of the
electromagnetic field is given and ultraviolet divergencies are seen to be
present. Also in a model where the number of atoms is fixed the pressure
exhibits infinities. As a consequence, the ground-state energy for a dispersive
dielectric ball cannot be interpreted easily.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6361 </DOCNO>
The Percolation Theory for High Temperature Superconductors


  We propose a general theory for the critical $T_c$ and pseudogap $T^*$
temperature dependence on the doping concentration for high-$T_c$ oxides,
taking into account the charge inhomogeneities in the $CuO_2$ planes. The well
measured experimental inhomogeneous charge density in a given compound is
assumed to produce a spatial distribution of local $\rho(r)$. These differences
in the local charge concentration is assumed to yield insulator and metallic
regions, possibly in a stripe morphology. In the metallic region, the
inhomogeneous charge density yields also spatial distributions of
superconducting critical temperatures $T_c(r)$ and zero temperature gap
$\Delta_0(r)$. For a given sample, the measured onset of vanishing gap
temperature is identified as the pseudogap temperature, that is, $T^*$, which
is the maximum of all $T_c(r)$. Below $T^*$, due to the distribution of
$T_c(r)$'s, there are some superconducting regions surrounded by insulator or
metallic medium. The transition to a superconducting state corresponds to the
percolation threshold among the superconducting regions with different
$T_c(r)$'s. To model the charge inhomogeneities we use a double branched
Poisson-Gaussian distribution. To make definite calculations and compare with
the experimental results, we derive phase diagrams for the BSCO, LSCO and YBCO
families, with a mean field theory for superconductivity using an extended
Hubbard Hamiltonian. We show also that this novel approach provides new
insights on several experimental features of high-$T_c$ oxides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5015 </DOCNO>
Measuring surface-area-to-volume ratios in soft porous materials using


  We demonstrate a minimally invasive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
technique that enables determination of the surface-area-to-volume ratio (S/V)
of soft porous materials from measurements of the diffusive exchange of
laser-polarized 129Xe between gas in the pore space and 129Xe dissolved in the
solid phase. We apply this NMR technique to porous polymer samples and find
approximate agreement with destructive stereological measurements of S/V
obtained with optical confocal microscopy. Potential applications of
laser-polarized xenon interphase exchange NMR include measurements of in vivo
lung function in humans and characterization of gas chromatography columns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97491 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial identities for binary necklaces from exact ray-splitting


  Based on an exact trace formula for a one-dimensional ray-splitting system,
we derive novel combinatorial identities for cyclic binary sequences (P\'olya
necklaces).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87314 </DOCNO>
Black hole collision with a scalar particle in three dimensional anti-de


  We study the collision between a BTZ black hole and a test particle coupled
to a scalar field. We compute the power spectrum, the energy radiated and the
plunging waveforms for this process. We show that for late times the signal is
dominated by the quasinormal ringing. In terms of the AdS/CFT correspondence
the bulk gravity process maps into a thermal state, an expanding bubble and
gauge particles decaying into bosons of the associated operator. These latter
thermalize in a timescale predicted by the bulk theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 208 </DOCNO>
Affinity for Scalar Fields to Dissipate


  The zero temperature effective equation of motion is derived for a scalar
field interacting with other fields. For a broad range of cases, involving
interaction with as few as one or two fields, dissipative regimes are found for
the scalar field system. The zero temperature limit constitutes a baseline
effect that will be prevalent in any general statistical state. Thus, the
results found here provide strong evidence that dissipation is the norm not
exception for an interacting scalar field system. For application to
inflationary cosmology, this provides convincing evidence that warm inflation
could be a natural dynamics once proper treatment of interactions is done. The
results found here also may have applicability to entropy production during the
chiral phase transition in heavy ion collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95505 </DOCNO>
Tomograms and other transforms. A unified view


  A general framework is presented which unifies the treatment of wavelet-like,
quasidistribution, and tomographic transforms. Explicit formulas relating the
three types of transforms are obtained. The case of transforms associated to
the symplectic and affine groups is treated in some detail. Special emphasis is
given to the properties of the scale-time and scale-frequency tomograms.
Tomograms are interpreted as a tool to sample the signal space by a family of
curves or as the matrix element of a projector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97823 </DOCNO>
Vertex identifiability in large random hypergraphs


  The theme of this paper is the derivation of analytic formulae for the size
of combinatorial structures in the limit as the number of vertices tends to
infinity. Such formulae are obtained via fluid limits of pure jump type Markov
processes, when the Laplace transforms of their Levy kernels converge.
Furthermore we describe the remaining stochasticity when parameters take
critical values. Our method is quite general, but is applied here to vertex
identifiability in random hypergraphs. A vertex v is identifiable in n steps if
there is a hyperedge containing v all of whose other vertices are identifiable
in fewer steps. We say that a hyperedge is solvable if every one of its
vertices is identifiable. Our analytic formulae describe the asymptotics of the
number of identifiable vertices and the number of solvable hyperedges for a
large random hypergraph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95420 </DOCNO>
Examples in Concordance


  We present a series of examples of new phenomena in the classical knot
concordance group, none of which can occur in higher dimensions. (1) For
(almost) every Seifert form there is an infinite family of knots, distinct in
concordance, having that form. (2) There are knots with Seifert forms that
split as direct sums of Seifert forms but the knots are not concordant to
corresponding connected sums. (3) There are knots with Alexander polynomials
that factor as products of Alexander polynomials (with resultant 1) but the
knots are not concordant to corresponding connected sums. (4) For (almost)
every metabolic Seifert form $M$ and for every Seifert form $V$, there are
knots with Seifert form $V \oplus M$ which are not concordant to knots with
Seifert form $V$. (5) There are pairs of irreducible algebraically concordant
Seifert forms $V$ and $W$ such that there are knots with Seifert form $V$ that
are not concordant to any knot with Seifert form $W$.
  Purely knot theoretical results include a proof that the set of
Tristram-Levine signature functions $\sigma_s$ is linearly independent over the
set of $s$ with positive imaginary part. It is also proved that the set of all
prime power cyclic branched covers of a knot consists only of homology spheres
if and only if every factor of the Alexander polynomial is a cyclotomic
polynomial $\phi_n(t)$ with $n$ divisible by three distinct primes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75745 </DOCNO>
Calculating the I=2 Pion Scattering Length Using Tadpole Improved Clover


  In an exploratory study, using the tadpole improved clover Wilson quark
action on small, coarse and anisotropic lattices, the $\pi\pi$ scattering
length in the I=2 channel is calculated within quenched approximation. A new
method is proposed which enables us to make chiral extrapolation of our lattice
results without calculating the decay constant on the lattice. Finite volume
and finite lattice spacing errors are analyzed and the results are extrapolated
towards the infinite volume and continuum limit. Comparisons of our lattice
results with the new experiment and the results from Chiral Perturbation Theory
are made. Good agreements are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86833 </DOCNO>
Questioning the Equivalence Principle


  The Equivalence Principle (EP) is not one of the ``universal'' principles of
physics (like the Action Principle). It is a heuristic hypothesis which was
introduced by Einstein in 1907, and used by him to construct his theory of
General Relativity. In modern language, the (Einsteinian) EP consists in
assuming that the only long-range field with gravitational-strength couplings
to matter is a massless spin-2 field. Modern unification theories, and notably
String Theory, suggest the existence of new fields (in particular, scalar
fields: ``dilaton'' and ``moduli'') with gravitational-strength couplings. In
most cases the couplings of these new fields ``violate'' the EP. If the field
is long-ranged, these EP violations lead to many observable consequences
(variation of ``constants'', non-universality of free fall, relative drift of
atomic clocks,...). The best experimental probe of a possible violation of the
EP is to compare the free-fall acceleration of different materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149617 </DOCNO>
Conformal Operators for Partially Massless States


  The AdS/CFT correspondence is explored for ``partially massless'' fields in
AdS space (which have fewer helicity states than a massive field but more than
a conventional massless field). Such fields correspond in the boundary
conformal field theory to fields obeying a certain conformally-invariant
differential equation that has been described by Eastwood et al. The first
descendant of such a field is a conformal field of negative norm. Hence,
partially massless fields may make more physical sense in de Sitter as opposed
to Anti de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73056 </DOCNO>
The origins of quark-hadron duality: How does the square of the sum


  Bloom-Gilman duality demonstrates empirically that the electroproduction of
$N^*$'s at low momentum transfers averages smoothly around the scaling curve
measured at large momentum transfers. The latter is proportional to the sum of
the squares of the constituent charges whereas the former involves the coherent
excitation of resonances and is driven by the square of summed constituent
charges. We determine the minimal necessary conditions for this equality to be
realised so that duality can occur and consider the implications for a range of
processes that may be studied soon at CEBAF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127302 </DOCNO>
The SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey. Paper II: Image detection, parameterisation,


  In this, the second in a series of three papers concerning the SuperCOSMOS
Sky Survey, we describe the methods for image detection, parameterisation,
classification and photometry. We demonstrate the internal and external
accuracy of our object parameters. Using examples from the first release of
data, the South Galactic Cap survey, we show that our image detection
completeness is close to 100% to within 1.5 mag of the nominal plate limits. We
show that for the Bj survey data, the image classification is externally > 99%
reliable to Bj = 19.5. Internally, the image classification is reliable at a
level of > 90% to Bj=21, R=19. The photometric accuracy of our data is
typically 0.3 mag with respect to external data for m > 15. Internally, the
relative photometric accuracy in restricted position and magnitude ranges can
be as accurate as 5% for well exposed stellar images. Colours (B-R or R-I) are
externally accurate to 0.07 mag at Bj = 16.5 rising to 0.16 mag at Bj = 20.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174871 </DOCNO>
Study of the $\eta$-nucleus interaction in the $p d \to ^3He \eta$


  A detailed study of the effect of the $\eta$-nucleus final state interaction
(FSI) in the $p d \to ^3$He$ \eta$ reaction close to threshold is presented.
The FSI is incorporated through a T-matrix for $\eta ^3$He elastic scattering,
constructed using few body equations. This T-matrix accounts for off-shell and
binding effects in $\eta$-nucleus scattering. The energy dependence of the data
on the $p d \to ^3$He$ \eta$ reaction near threshold is reproduced only after
including the FSI. The off-shell and binding effects in $\eta ^3$He scattering
are found to be important. Given the uncertainty in the knowledge of the
elementary $\eta$-nucleon interaction, the sensitivity of the $ p d \to ^3$He$
\eta$ cross section to different prescriptions of the elementary t-matrix,
$t_{\eta N \to \eta N}$ is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86223 </DOCNO>
Electrically Charged Einstein-Born-Infeld Black Holes with Massive


  We numerically construct static and spherically symmetric electrically
charged black hole solutions in Einstein-Born-Infeld gravity with massive
dilaton. The numerical solutions show that the dilaton potential allows many
more black hole causal structures than the massless dilaton. We find that
depending on the black hole mass and charge and the dilaton mass the black
holes can have either one, two, or three horizons. The extremal solutions are
also found out. As an interesting peculiarity we note that there are extremal
black holes with an inner horizon and with triply degenerated horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2438 </DOCNO>
Current-Driven Magnetic Memory with Tunable Magnetization Switching


  Co(x nm, x=10nm or 40nm)/Cu(5nm)/Co(2.5nm) layers were deposited between
copper electrodes in SiO2 vias. Magnetic states, and the corresponding
resistance states, of these devices were switched by electric currents
perpendicular to the layers. The I-V loops show asymmetric behavior with
hysteresis. When electrons flow in the direction from thick to thin Co layer
(positive current), multiple switches were observed on increasing current up to
a chosen maximum positive I(write). On decreasing current from I(write), the
I-V curve was smooth and characterized by considerably lower resistance. Under
reverse current, an abrupt switch to the high resistance state occurred at the
current value I(erase)~ -0.9*I(write). Resistance had a maximum at zero current
in both states, where the ratio R(high)/R(low) could be as high as factor of
four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125748 </DOCNO>
COMPTEL Observations of the Blazar PKS 1622-297 during a Gamma-Ray High


  PKS 1622-297 was detected as a source of gamma-rays by the EGRET experiment
at energies above 100 MeV during a gamma-ray outburst June and July 1995. We
analyzed the COMPTEL data (0.75 - 30 MeV) of this time period to investigate
the behaviour of PKS 1622-297 at lower gamma-ray energies. The blazar is
significantly (5.7 sigma) detected by COMPTEL at energies above 10 MeV. Below
10 MeV the source is only marginally (3-10 MeV band) or not (below 3 MeV)
detected. The summed MeV spectrum shows a 'hard' (alpha < 2, ~ E^(-alpha))
shape and, if combined with the simultaneous EGRET spectrum, a spectral break
at MeV energies is indicated. We present the COMPTEL results (light curves,
spectra) and compare them to results derived in neighbouring energy bands, in
particular to the EGRET one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7077 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle Excitation in the Superconducting Pyrochlore Cd2Re2O7


  The quasiparticle excitations in the mixed state of Cd2Re2O7 have been
studied by means of muon spin rotation/relaxation. The temperature dependence
of the magnetic penetration depth (lambda) is consistent with a nearly
isotropic superconducting order parameter, although a slight discrepancy which
is dependent on the details in the analysis may be present. This is also
supported by the relatively weak field dependence of lambda.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98746 </DOCNO>
Observations on Lickorish knotting of contractible 4-manifolds


  Lickorish has constructed large families of contractible 4--manifolds that
have knotted embeddings in the 4--sphere and has also shown that every finitely
presented perfect group with balanced presentation occurs as the fundamental
group of the complement of a knotted contractible manifold. Here we make a few
observations regarding Lickorish's construction, showing how to extend it to
construct contractible 4--manifolds which have an infinite number of knotted
embeddings and also to construct knotted embeddings of the Mazur manifold for
which the complement has trivial fundamental group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127908 </DOCNO>
Infrared FeII Emission in Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies


  We obtained 0.8-2.4 micron spectra at a resolution of 320 km/s of four
narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies in order to study the near-infrared properties
of these objects. We focus on the analysis of the FeII emission in that region
and the kinematics of the low-ionization broad lines. We found that the 1
micron FeII lines (9997 A, 10501 A, 10863 A and 11126 A) are the strongest FeII
lines in the observed interval. For the first time, primary cascade lines of
FeII arising from the decay of upper levels pumped by Ly-alpha fluorescence are
resolved and identified in active galactic nuclei. Excitation mechanisms
leading to the emission of the 1 micron FeII features are discussed. A
combination of Ly-alpha fluorescence and collisional excitation are found to be
the main contributors. The flux ratio between near-IR FeII lines varies from
object to object, in contrast to what is observed in the optical region. A good
correlation between the 1 micron and optical FeII emission is found. This
suggests that the upper z4Fo and z4Do levels from which the bulk of the optical
lines descend are mainly populated by the transitions leading to the 1 micron
lines. The width and profile shape of FeII 11127, CaII 8642 and OI 8446 are
very similar but significantly narrower than Pa-beta, giving strong
observational support to the hypothesis that the region where FeII, CaII and OI
are produced are co-spatial, interrelated kinematically and most probably
located in the outermost portion of the BLR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124526 </DOCNO>
Supernova constraints on spatial variations of the vacuum energy density


  We consider a very simple toy model for a spatially varying `cosmological
constant', where we are inside a spherical bubble (with a given set of
cosmological parameters) that is surrounded by a larger region where these
parameters are different. This model includes essential features of more
realistic scenarios with a minimum number of parameters. We calculate the
luminosity distance in the presence of spatial variations of the vacuum energy
density using linear perturbation theory and discuss the use of type Ia
supernovae to impose constraints on this type of models. We find that presently
available observations are only constraining at very low redshifts, but also
provide independent confirmation that the high red-shift supernovae data does
prefer a relatively large positive cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74140 </DOCNO>
Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrinos: Status of subdominant


  In the context of the recent (79.5 kTy) Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino
data, we concisely review the status of muonic-tauonic flavor oscillations and
of the subdominant electron or sterile neutrino mixing, in schemes with three
or four families and one dominant mass scale. In the three-family case, where
we include the full CHOOZ spectral data, we also show, through a specific
example, that ``maximal'' violations of the one-dominant mass scale
approximation are not ruled out yet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125851 </DOCNO>
The Kinematics of Intermediate Redshift Mg II Absorbers


  [Abridged] We present 23 quasar absorption line systems selected by the MgII
doublet with W_r(2796)>0.3 Ang over the redshift range 0.4<z<1.2. The
kinematics are studied at ~6 km/s resolution to a 5-sigma detection threshold
of 0.015 Ang. Most absorbers are characterized by a dominant kinematic
subsystem with W_r>0.2 Ang and velocity spreads ranging from 10-50 km/s, in
proportion to the system equivalent width. Additional kinematic subsystems have
velocities out to ~400 km/s. The equivalent widths and velocity spreads of
these "outlying", weaker subsystems are anti-correlated with their velocities
and their equivalent width distribution turns down from a power law below
W_r~0.08 Ang. These "moderate" and "high velocity" subsystems and probably not
higher redshift analogues to Galactic high velocity clouds (HVCs). Weak
subsystems are asymmetrically distributed in velocity; they are either all
blueshifted or all redshifted with respect to the dominant subsystem. This
implies, that on a case-by-case basis, a given line of sight is apparently
probing a well defined spatial and kinematic structure. We investigate a simple
kinematic model that relies on a rotating disk to explain the observed
asymmetries. There are systematic differences, or trends, in both the subsystem
to subsystem velocity clustering and in the overall kinematics with increasing
equivalent width; we discuss how these may provide clues to the observed
differential evolution in the equivalent width distribution of MgII absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74115 </DOCNO>
SUSY Dark Matter Detection, The Directional Rate and the Modulation


  The detection of the theoretically expected dark matter is central to
particle physics and cosmology. Current fashionable supersymmetric models
provide a natural dark matter candidate which is the lightest supersymmetric
particle (LSP). Such models combined with fairly well understood physics like
the quark substructure of the nucleon and the nuclear structure (form factor
and/or spin response function), permit the evaluation of the event rate for
LSP-nucleus elastic scattering. The thus obtained event rates are, however,
very low or even undetectable. So it is imperative to exploit the modulation
effect, i.e. the dependence of the event rate on the earth's annual motion.
Also it is useful to consider the directional rate, i.e its dependence on the
direction of the recoiling nucleus. In this paper we study such a modulation
effect both in non directional and directional experiments. We calculate both
the differential and the total rates using both isothermal, symmetric as well
as only axially asymmetric, and non isothermal, due to caustic rings, velocity
distributions. We find that in the symmetric case the modulation amplitude is
small. The same is true for the case of caustic rings. The inclusion of
asymmetry, with a realistic enhanced velocity dispersion in the galactocentric
direction, yields an enhanced modulation effect, especially in directional
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41351 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the B-->J/psi K^*(892) decay amplitudes


  We present a measurement of the decay amplitudes in B-->J/psi K^*(892)
channels using 20.7 fb-1 of data collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with
the BABAR detector at PEP-II. We measure a P-wave fraction R_perp =
(16.0+/-3.2+/-1.4)% and a longitudinal polarization fraction
(59.7+/-2.8+/-2.4)%. The measurement of a relative phase that is neither 0 nor
pi, phi_ll = 2.50+/-0.20+/-0.08 radians, favors a departure from the
factorization hypothesis. Although the decay B-->J/psi Kpi proceeds mainly via
K^*(892), there is also evidence for K^*_2(1430) and Kpi S-wave contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128142 </DOCNO>
The New AM Her System RX J0704.2+6203. Northern Twin of BL Hyi


  We report here on the identification and study of the optical counterpart of
the ROSAT source RX J0704.2+6203. Extensive spectral and photometric
observation showed that the object belongs to the class of magnetic Cataclysmic
Variables. We determined the orbital period of the system to be 97.27m and
estimated the strength of its magnetic field to be on the order of 20 MG. The
system was observed in both high and low states, common for its class. Other
parameters of the magnetic close binary system were estimated. The spectral and
photometric behavior of the object is similar to that of the well studied polar
BL Hyi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5562 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the Excitation Energies of Boron in Diamond on Isotopic


  Kim et al. have reported a dependence of the infrared excitation energies of
boron acceptors in diamond on the isotopic mass of the carbon atoms. We show
that this change can be quantitatively interpreted as induced by a change in
the hole effective mass.
  Keywords: A. Diamond, A. Stable isotopes, D. Acceptor binding energies, D.
Effective masses of holes

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97099 </DOCNO>
Semistable K3-surfaces with icosahedral symmetry


  In a Type III degeneration of K3-surfaces the dual graph of the central fibre
is a triangulation of the 2-sphere. We realise the tetrahedral, octahedral and
especially the icosahedral triangulation in families of K3-surfaces, preferably
with the associated symmetry groups acting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149372 </DOCNO>
Interaction between two Fuzzy Spheres


  We have calculated interactions between two fuzzy spheres in 3 dimension. It
depends on the distance r between the spheres and the radii rho_1, rho_2. There
is no force between the spheres when they are far from each other (long
distance case). We have also studied the interaction for r=0 case. We find that
an attractive force exists between two fuzzy sphere surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83956 </DOCNO>
An Architecture for Security and Privacy in Mobile Communications


  There is much discussion and debate about how to improve the security and
privacy of mobile communication systems, both voice and data. Most proposals
attempt to provide incremental improvements to systems that are deployed today.
Indeed, only incremental improvements are possible, given the regulatory,
technological, economic, and historical structure of the telecommunications
system. In this paper, we conduct a ``thought experiment'' to redesign the
mobile communications system to provide a high level of security and privacy
for the users of the system. We discuss the important requirements and how a
different architecture might successfully satisfy them. In doing so, we hope to
illuminate the possibilities for secure and private systems, as well as explore
their real limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126572 </DOCNO>
CO(J=6-5) Observations of the Quasar SDSS1044-0125 at z = 5.8


  We present a result of the quasar CO(J=6-5) observations of SDSSp
J104433.04-012502.2 at z = 5.8. Ten-days observations with the Nobeyama
Millimeter Array yielded an rms noise level of ~ 2.1 mJy/beam in a frequency
range from 101.28 GHz to 101.99 GHz at a velocity resolution of 120 km/s. No
significant clear emission line was detected in the observed field and
frequency range. Three sigma upper limit on the CO(J=6-5) luminosity of the
object is 2.8 x 10^10 K km/s pc^2, corresponding to a molecular gas mass of 1.2
x 10^11 Solar Mass, if a conversion factor of 4.5 Solar Mass /(K km/s pc^2) is
adopted. The obtained upper limit on CO luminosity is slightly smaller than
those observed in quasars at z=4-5 toward which CO emissions are detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168 </DOCNO>
Elastically-Driven Linker Aggregation between Two Semi-Flexible


  The behavior of mobile linkers connecting two semi-flexible charged polymers,
such as polyvalent counterions connecting DNA or F-actin chains, is studied
theoretically. The chain bending rigidity induces an effective repulsion
between linkers at large distances while the inter-chain electrostatic
repulsion leads to an effective short range inter-linker attraction. We find a
rounded phase transition from a dilute linker gas where the chains form large
loops between linkers to a dense disordered linker fluid connecting parallel
chains. The onset of chain pairing occurs within the rounded transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95445 </DOCNO>
On some universal algebras associated to the category of Lie bialgebras


  In our previous work (math/0008128), we studied the set Quant(K) of all
universal quantization functors of Lie bialgebras over a field K of
characteristic zero, compatible with duals and doubles. We showed that Quant(K)
is canonically isomorphic to a product G_0(K) \times Sha(K), where G_0(K) is a
universal group and Sha(K) is a quotient set of a set B(K) of families of Lie
polynomials by the action of a group G(K). We prove here that G_0(K) is equal
to the multiplicative group 1 + h K[[h]]. So Quant(K) is `as close as it can
be' to Sha(K). We also show that the only universal derivations of Lie
bialgebras are multiples of the composition of the bracket with the cobracket.
Finally, we prove that the stabilizer of any element of B(K) is reduced to the
1-parameter subgroup of G(K) generated by the corresponding `square of the
antipode'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149390 </DOCNO>
Spin-Magnetic Field Interaction and Realization of Fractional


  The fractional supersymmetry in the case of the non-relativistic motion of
one anyon with fractional spin is realized. Thus the associated Hamiltonian is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148563 </DOCNO>
Vector boson in constant electromagnetic field


  The propagator and complete sets of in- and out-solutions of wave equation,
together with Bogoliubov coefficients, relating these solutions, are obtained
for vector $W$-boson (with gyromagnetic ratio $g=2$) in a constant
electromagnetic field. When only electric field is present the Bogoliubov
coefficients are independent of boson polarization and are the same as for
scalar boson. When both electric and magnetic fields are present and collinear,
the Bogoliubov coefficients for states with boson spin perpendicular to the
field are again the same as in scalar case. For $W^-$ spin along (against) the
magnetic field the Bogoliubov coefficients and the contributions to the
imaginary part of the Lagrange function in one loop approximation are obtained
from corresponding expressions for scalar case by substitution $m^2\to m^2+2eH$
$(m^2\to m^2-2eH)$. For gyromagnetic ratio $g=2$ the vector boson interaction
with constant electromagnetic field is described by the functions, which can be
expected by comparing wave functions for scalar and Dirac particle in constant
electromagnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4448 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Effect in Superconductivity in an Electron Model with d-Wave


  On the basis of $t$-matrix approximation, we study the superconductivity in
the tight-binding model with d-wave attraction. The low-lying collective modes
are considered as the predominant long-range fluctuations in the system. The
Green's function is obtained as an analytic solution to a cubic equation. The
superconducting order parameter and the transition temperature are
substantially reduced from the values of the mean-field theory. The results for
the pseudogap parameter at $T_c$ are compared with experiments. The calculated
phase boundary of the superconductivity can reasonably describe the experiment
results for the cuprates. The results for density of states are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41458 </DOCNO>
How many sigmas is the solar neutrino effect?


  The minimal standard electroweak model can be tested by allowing all the
solar neutrino fluxes, with undistorted energy spectra, to be free parameters
in fitting the measured solar neutrino event rates, subject only to the
condition that the total observed luminosity of the sun is produced by nuclear
fusion. The rates of the five experiments prior to SNO (chlorine, Kamiokande,
SAGE, GALLEX, Super-Kamiokande) cannot be fit by an arbitrary choice of
undistorted neutrino fluxes at the level of 2.5 sigma (formally 99% C.L.).
Considering just SNO and Super-Kamiokande, the discrepancy is at the 3.3 sigma
level(10^{-3} C.L.). If all six experiments are fit simultaneously, the formal
discrepancy increases to 4 sigma (7*10^{-5} C.L.). If the relative scaling in
temperature of the nuclear reactions that produce 7Be and 8B neutrinos is taken
into account, the formal discrepancy is at the 7.4 sigma level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5127 </DOCNO>
X-boson cumulant approach to the periodic Anderson model


  The Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) can be studied in the infinite U limit by
employing the Hubbard X operators to project out the unwanted states. We have
already studied this problem employing the cumulant expansion with the
hybridization as perturbation, but the probability conservation of the local
states (completeness) is not usually satisfied when partial expansions like the
Chain Approximation (CHA) are employed. Here we treat the problem by a
technique inspired in the mean field approximation of Coleman's slave-bosons
method, and we obtain a description that avoids the unwanted phase transition
that appears in the mean-field slave-boson method both when the chemical
potential is greater than the localized level Ef at low temperatures (T) and
for all parameters at intermediate T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127297 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Electrons in Cassiopeia A: Thermal and Electromagnetic


  We consider in more detail a model previously proposed for the hard X-ray
(>10 keV) emission observed from the supernova remnant Cas A, whereby electrons
are accelerated by lower-hybrid waves and radiate bremsstrahlung. We consider
both cold and thermal plasma limits of the modified two-stream instability that
generates the lower-hybrid waves, and by studying time dependent ionization
balance for various components of the Cas A ejecta and shocked circumstellar
medium, find locations within the shell where one or other of the instabilities
may occur. Either instability can be effective, with the cold plasma
instability imposing fewer constraints on the shocked reflected ion population
responsible for exciting the waves. The instability must be located in the
ejecta shocked at the earliest times and therefore closest to the contact
discontinuity where magnetic fields are expected to be the strongest. The
energy deposited in this ejecta by collisions between accelerated and ambient
electrons is broadly consistent with that required to reheat this ejecta to
observed temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128465 </DOCNO>
LCDM-based models for the Milky Way and M31 I: Dynamical Models


  We apply standard disk formation theory with adiabatic contraction within
cuspy halo models predicted by the standard LCDM cosmology. The resulting
models score remarkably well when confronted with the broad range of
observational data available for the Milky Way and M31 galaxies, giving a Milky
Way virial mass of 1-2x10^12Msun and concentration C=12-17. We consider two
types of models, in which: (A) baryons conserve angular momentum and (B) some
of the angular momentum of the baryons is transferred to the dark matter.
Type-A models produce good agreement with observed rotation curves and obey
constraints in the solar neighborhood, but may have too much dark matter in the
center to allow a fast rotating bar. The type-B models with angular momentum
transport have a slightly more massive disk and less dark matter in the central
part, allowing a fast rotating bar to persist. Both classes of models probably
have sufficient baryonic mass in the central 3.5kpc to reproduce recent
observational values of the optical depth to microlensing events towards the
Galactic center. All models require that about 1/2 of all baryons expected
inside the virial radius must not be in the disk or bulge. We investigate
whether the range of virial masses allowed by our dynamical models is
compatible with constraints from the galaxy luminosity function, and find a
range of parameter space that is allowed by this constraint. We conclude that
rotation curves and dynamical properties of ``normal'' high surface brightness
spiral galaxies appear to be consistent with standard LCDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4709 </DOCNO>
Evaluation parameters and Bethe roots for the six vertex model at roots


  We propose an expression for the current form of the lowering operator of the
$ {sl}_2$ loop algebra symmetry of the six vertex model (XXZ spin chain) at
roots of unity. This operator has poles which correspond to the evaluation
parameters of representation theory which are given as the roots of the
Drinfeld polynomial. We explicitly compute these polynomials in terms of the
Bethe roots which characterize the highest weight states for all values of
$S^z$. From these polynomials we find that the Bethe roots satisfy sum rules
for each value of S^z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149656 </DOCNO>
On the spectrum of a matrix model for the D=11 supermembrane


  The spectrum of the Hamiltonian of the double compactified D=11 supermembrane
with non-trivial central charge or equivalently the non-commutative symplectic
super Maxwell theory is analyzed. In distinction to what occurs for the D=11
supermembrane in Minkowski target space where the bosonic potential presents
string-like spikes which render the spectrum of the supersymmetric model
continuous, we prove that the potential of the bosonic compactified membrane
with non-trivial central charge is strictly positive definite and becomes
infinity in all directions when the norm of the configuration space goes to
infinity. This ensures that the resolvent of the bosonic Hamiltonian is
compact. We find an upper bound for the asymptotic distribution of the
eigenvalues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129459 </DOCNO>
Associated absorption in radio quasars. I. C IV absorption and the


  We assess the global properties of associated C IV 1548,1550 absorption lines
measured in the spectra of radio-loud quasars drawn from a near-complete,
low-frequency selected sample. The observations span restframe C IV in two
redshift ranges -- 0.7<z<1.0 and 1.5<z<3.0 -- which were targetted in the UV
with HST/STIS and in the optical with ground-based telescopes, respectively.
First, we corroborate trends for C IV associated absorption to be found
preferentially in steep-spectrum and lobe-dominated quasars, implying the
absorbing material tends to lie away from the radio-jet axis. Furthermore, we
find a clear anticorrelation between C IV absorption strength and the projected
linear size of steep-spectrum quasars, indicative of an evolutionary sequence.
We also find that heavily-absorbed quasars are systematically redder, implying
dust is mixed in with the C IV-absorbing gas. No redshift dependence was found
in any of the trends considered. These new results show that radio sources are
triggered in galaxies which are exceptionally rich in gas and dust, which then
dissipates on a timescale comparable with, but less than, that of the radio
source. This observational sequence, together with the lack of
redshift-dependence, points to a direct causal link between the event which
triggered the radio source and the build-up of absorbing gas and dust, whose
make-up is tantalisingly similar to the products of a post-merger starburst.
Thus, these new results provide direct evidence for the clearing of absorbing
material around quasars with time, as well as the probable association of
starburst activity with the onset of the radio activity in AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95412 </DOCNO>
Automatic Construction of Explicit R Matrices for the One-Parameter


  We detail the automatic construction of R matrices corresponding to (the
tensor products of) the (0|\alpha) families of highest-weight representations
of the quantum superalgebras U_q[gl(m|n)]. These representations are
irreducible, contain a free complex parameter \alpha, and are 2^{mn}
dimensional. Our R matrices are actually (sparse) rank 4 tensors, containing a
total of 2^{4mn} components, each of which is in general an algebraic
expression in the two complex variables q and \alpha.
  Although the constructions are straightforward, we describe them in full
here, to fill a perceived gap in the literature. As the algorithms are
generally impracticable for manual calculation, we have implemented the entire
process in Mathematica; illustrating our results with U_q[gl(3|1)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73590 </DOCNO>
The coupling constant g$_{\rho\sigma\gamma}$ as derived from QCD sum


  We employ QCD sum rules to calculate the coupling constant
g$_{\rho\sigma\gamma}$ by studying the three point
${\rho\sigma\gamma}$-correlation function. Our results is consistent with the
value of this coupling constant obtained using vector meson dominance of the
electromagnetic current and the experimental $\rho^0$-photoproduction data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76049 </DOCNO>
Charming penguin in nonleptonic B decays


  In the study of two-body charmless B decays as a mean of looking for direct
CP-violation and measuring the CKM mixing parameters in the Standard Model, the
short-distance penguin contribution with its absorptive part generated by charm
quark loop seems capable of producing sufficient $B \to K\pi$ decays rates, as
obtained in factorization and QCD-improved factorization models. However there
are also long-distance charming penguin contributions which also give rise to a
strong phase due to the rescattering $D^{*}D^{*} \to K\pi$ . In this talk, I
would like to discuss \cite{Isola} a recent work on the long-distance charming
penguin as a a different approach to the calculation of the penguin
contributions in $B \to K\pi$ decays from charmed meson intermediate states.
Using chiral effective Lagrangian for light and heavy mesons, corrected for
hard pion and kaon momenta, we show that the charming-penguin contributions
increase significantly the $B \to K\pi$ decays rates from its short-distance
contributions, giving results in better agreement with experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124316 </DOCNO>
How to make CMB maps from huge timelines with small computers


  We present in this article two different ways to make CMB maps in practice,
from large timelines. One is to make a simple destriping, fitting the data and
using the scan intercepts to remove the low frequency noise (stripes). The
second, optimal, is to resolve linearly the map-making problem, which in case
of big timelines must be simplified and changed from matrices to vectors for
the calculations. Assuming few conditions on the noise, it is possible to make
fast map-making tools.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77034 </DOCNO>
STAR results from the first RHIC year


  An overview is presented of the results of the STAR experiment from the
analysis of Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 130$ GeV acquired during
the first year of RHIC operation. The transverse momentum distribution of
negative hadrons has been studied out to 6 GeV/$c$ in central Au+Au collisions
and elliptic flow measurements out to 4.5 GeV/$c$ in non-central collisions.
This allows us to study hard processes and potentially effects of nuclear
matter on parton propagation. Soft processes, which dominate particle
production below around 2 GeV/$c$, have also been studied through the
identified spectra of kaons, $\bar{p}$, and strange baryons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96884 </DOCNO>
Free group automorphisms, invariant orderings and topological


  We are concerned with orderable groups and particularly those with orderings
invariant not only under multiplication, but also under a given automorphism or
family of automorphisms. Several applications to topology are given: we prove
that the fundamental groups of hyperbolic nonorientable surfaces, and the
groups of certain fibred knots are bi-orderable. Moreover, we show that the
pure braid groups associated with hyperbolic nonorientable surfaces are
left-orderable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74276 </DOCNO>
How Protons Shatter Colored Glass


  We consider the implications of the Color Glass Condensate for the central
region of p+A collisions. We compute the k_t distribution of radiated gluons
and their rapidity distribution dN/dy analytically, both in the perturbative
regime and in the region between the two saturation momenta. We find an
analytic expression for the number of produced gluons which is valid when the
saturation momentum of the proton is much less than that of the nucleus. We
discuss the scaling of the produced multiplicity with A. We show that the slope
of the rapidity density dN/dy provides an experimental measure for the
renormalization-group evolution of the color charge density of the Color Glass
Condensate (CGC). We also argue that these results are easily generalized to
collisions of nuclei of different A at central rapidity, or with the same A but
at a rapidity far from the central region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73822 </DOCNO>
Lepton flavor violation in supersymmetric models with non--degenerate


  We analyze the lepton-flavor violation in supersymmetric models with
non-universal soft breaking terms derived from strings. We show that the
non-universality of the scalar masses enhances the branching ratios more
significantly than the non-universality of the A-terms

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148486 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Gauge Theory on Commutative and Noncommutative Tori


  We study aspects of gauge theory on tori which are a consequences of Morita
equivalence. In particular we study the behavior of gauge theory on
noncommutative tori for arbitrarily close rational values of Theta. For such
values of Theta, there are Morita equivalent descriptions in terms of
Yang-Mills theories on commutative tori with very different magnetic fluxes and
rank. In order for the correlators of open Wilson lines to depend smoothly on
Theta, the correlators of closed Wilson lines in the commutative Yang-Mills
theory must satisfy strong constraints. If exactly satisfied, these constraints
give relations between small and large N gauge theories. We verify that these
constraints are obeyed at leading order in the 1/N expansion of pure 2-d QCD
and of strongly coupled N=4 super Yang-Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74704 </DOCNO>
The Threshold t-tbar Cross Section at NNLL Order


  The total cross section for top quark pair production close to threshold in
e+e- annihilation is investigated. Details are given about the calculation at
next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order. The summation of logarithms leads to
a convergent expansion for the normalization of the cross section, and small
residual dependence on the subtraction parameter nu. A detailed analysis of the
residual nu dependence is carried out. A conservative estimate for the
remaining uncertainty in the normalization of the total cross section from QCD
effects is $\lesssim \pm 3%$. This makes precise extractions of the strong
coupling and top width feasible, and further studies of electroweak effects
mandatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1310 </DOCNO>
Non-analytic dependence of the transition temperature of the homogeneous


  We show that the shift in the transition temperature of the dilute
homogeneous Bose gas is non-analytic in the scattering amplitude, $a$. The
first correction beyond the positive linear shift in $a$ is negative and of
order $a^2\ln a$. This non-universal non-analytic structure indicates how the
discrepancies between numerical calculations at finite $a$ can be reconciled
with calculations of the limit $a \to0$, since the linearity is apparent only
for anomalously small $a$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86401 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Initial Data for the Binary Black Hole / Neutron


  We present an algorithm for solving the general relativistic initial value
equations for a corotating polytropic star in quasicircular orbit with a
nonspinning black hole. The algorithm is used to obtain initial data for cases
where the black hole mass is 1, 3, and 10 times larger than the mass of the
star. By analyzing sequences of constant baryon mass, constant black hole mass
initial data sets and carefully monitoring the numerical error, we find
innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) configuration for these cases. While
these quasiequilibrium, conformally flat sequences of initial data sets are not
true solutions of the Einstein equations (each set, however, solves the full
initial value problem), and thus, we do not expect the ISCO configurations
found here to be completely consistent with the Einstein equations, they will
be used as convenient starting points for future numerical evolutions of the
full 3+1 Einstein equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2819 </DOCNO>
A new way to deal with fermions in Monte Carlo simulations


  An exact, nonlocal, finite step-size algorithm for Monte Carlo simulation of
theories with dynamical fermions is proposed. The algorithm is based on
obtaining the new configuration U' from the old one U by solving the equation $
M(U') \eta = \omega M(U) \eta$, where $M$ is fermionic operator, $\eta$ is
random Gaussian vector, and $\omega$ is random real number close to unity. This
algorithm can be used for the acceleration of current simulations in theories
with Grassmann variables. A first test was done for SU(3) QCD with purely
fermionic term in the action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123475 </DOCNO>
Radiative Transfer in Obliquely Illuminated Accretion Disks


  The illumination of an accretion disk around a black hole or neutron star by
the central compact object or the disk itself often determines its spectrum,
stability, and dynamics. The transport of radiation within the disk is in
general a multi-dimensional, non-axisymmetric problem, which is challenging to
solve. Here, I present a method of decomposing the radiative transfer equation
that describes absorption, emission, and Compton scattering in an obliquely
illuminated disk into a set of four one-dimensional transfer equations. I show
that the exact calculation of the ionization balance and radiation heating of
the accretion disk requires the solution of only one of the one-dimensional
equations, which can be solved using existing numerical methods. I present a
variant of the Feautrier method for solving the full set of equations, which
accounts for the fact that the scattering kernels in the individual transfer
equations are not forward-backward symmetric. I then apply this method in
calculating the albedo of a cold, geometrically thin accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127106 </DOCNO>
Low and High Angular Momentum Accretion Flows in BHCs: Case Study of XTE


  The 1998 outburst of XTE J1550-564 started with a hard X-ray spike, rising in
less than a day and declining after 3-4 days; at the same time, the soft X-ray
flux was rising with a longer timescale (~ 10 days). We suggest that the soft
and the initial hard X-ray emission are produced by two different components of
the accretion flow: a higher angular momentum flow, which forms the disk, and a
lower angular momentum flow feeding the hot inner region. Thus, we argue that
the onset of the outburst is determined by an increased mass transfer rate from
the companion star, but the outburst morphology is also determined by the
distribution of specific angular momentum in the accreting matter. In XTE
J1550-564, we attribute the initial, impulsive low angular momentum accretion
to the breaking down of magnetic confinement by the magnetically active
secondary star. We show that a hard X-ray spike is seen at the onset of an
outburst in other BHCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41049 </DOCNO>
Rare and Forbidden Decays of D Mesons


  We summarize the results of two recent searches for flavor-changing neutral
current, lepton-flavor violating, and lepton-number violating decays of D+, Ds,
and D0 mesons (and their antiparticles) into modes containing muons and
electrons. Using data from Fermilab charm hadroproduction experiment E791, we
examined D+ and Ds pi,l,l and K,l,l decay modes and the D0 dilepton decay modes
containing either l+,l-, a rho0, K*0, or phi vector meson, or a non-resonant
pi,pi, K,pi, or K,K pair of pseudoscalar mesons. No evidence for any of these
decays was found. Therefore, we presented branching-fraction upper limits at
90% confidence level for the 51 decay modes examined. Twenty-six of these modes
had no previously reported limits, and eighteen of the remainder were reported
with significant improvements over previously published results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2898 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional topological solitons in rectangular magnetic dots


  A general approach allowing to find the analytical expressions for
equilibrium magnetic structures in small and flat magnetic nano-sized cylinders
of arbitrary shape made of soft magnetic material is presented. The resulting
magnetization distributions are two-dimensional topological solitons and have a
non-zero topological charge. The approach is illustrated here on an example of
a thin rectangular particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129226 </DOCNO>
Optical Spectral Monitoring of XTE J1118+480 in Outburst: Evidence for a


  We present spectroscopic observations of the X-ray transient XTE J1118+480
acquired during different epochs following the 2000 March outburst. We find
that the emission line profiles show variations in their double-peak structure
on time scales longer than the 4.1 hr orbital period. We suggest that these
changes are due to a tidally driven precessing disk. Doppler imaging of the
more intense Balmer lines and the HeII 4686 line shows evidence of a persistent
region of enhanced intensity superposed on the disk which is probably
associated with the gas stream, the hotspot or both. We discuss the possible
origins of the optical flux in the system and conclude that it may be due to a
viscously heated disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114010 </DOCNO>
Femtosecond resolved mega-gauss magnetic field evolution in an intense


  We report the first femtosecond resolved evolution of the giant magnetic
field in a solid plasma, produced by a 100 fs, 10^16 W cm^-2, 806 nm laser
field, using a pump-probe Faraday rotation technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149930 </DOCNO>
Loop Quantum Gravity Corrections and Cosmic Ray Decays


  Loop quantum gravity effective theories are reviewed in the context of the
observed GZK limit anomaly and related processes. This is accomplished through
a kinematical analysis of the modified threshold conditions for the involved
decay reactions, arising from the theory. Specially interesting is the
possibility of an helicity dependant violation of the limit, whose primary
effect would be the observation of favoured helicity states for highly
energetic particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75828 </DOCNO>
Fine Structure of Oscillons in the Spherically Symmetric $\phi^4$


  We present results from a study of the fine structure of oscillon dynamics in
the 3+1 spherically symmetric Klein-Gordon model with a symmetric double-well
potential. We show that in addition to the previously understood longevity of
oscillons, there exists a resonant (and critical) behavior which exhibits a
time-scaling law. The mode structure of the critical solutions is examined, and
we also show that the upper-bound to oscillon formation (in $r_0$ space) is
either non-existent or higher than previously believed. Our results are
generated using a novel technique for implementing non-reflecting boundary
conditions in the finite difference solution of wave equations. The method uses
a coordinate transformation which blue-shifts and ``freezes'' outgoing
radiation. The frozen radiation is then annihilated via dissipation explicitly
added to the finite-difference scheme, with very little reflection into the
interior of the computational domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95855 </DOCNO>
Representations of the q-deformed algebra U'_q(so_4)


  We study the nonstandard $q$-deformation $U'_q({\rm so}_4)$ of the universal
enveloping algebra $U({\rm so}_4)$ obtained by deforming the defining relations
for skew-symmetric generators of $U({\rm so}_4)$. This algebra is used in
quantum gravity and algebraic topology. We construct a homomorphism $\phi$ of
$U'_q({\rm so}_4)$ to the certain nontrivial extension of the Drinfeld--Jimbo
quantum algebra $U_q({\rm sl}_2)^{\otimes 2}$ and show that this homomorphism
is an isomorphism. By using this homomorphism we construct irreducible finite
dimensional representations of the classical type and of the nonclassical type
for the algebra $U'_q({\rm so}_4)$. It is proved that for $q$ not a root of
unity each irreducible finite dimensional representation of $U'_q({\rm so}_4)$
is equivalent to one of these representations. We prove that every finite
dimensional representation of $U'_q({\rm so}_4)$ for $q$ not a root of unity is
completely reducible. It is shown how to construct (by using the homomorphism
$\phi$) tensor products of irreducible representations of $U'_q({\rm so}_4)$.
(Note that no Hopf algebra structure is known for $U'_q({\rm so}_4)$.) These
tensor products are decomposed into irreducible constituents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149179 </DOCNO>
Moving Five-Branes in Low-Energy Heterotic M-Theory


  We construct cosmological solutions of four-dimensional effective heterotic
M-theory with a moving five-brane and evolving dilaton and T modulus. It is
shown that the five-brane generates a transition between two asymptotic
rolling-radii solutions. Moreover, the five-brane motion always drives the
solutions towards strong coupling asymptotically. We present an explicit
example of a negative-time branch solution which ends in a brane collision
accompanied by a small-instanton transition. The five-dimensional origin of
some of our solutions is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127765 </DOCNO>
Rapid X-ray flaring from the direction of the supermassive black hole at


  Most galactic nuclei are now believed to harbour supermassive black holes.
Studies of stellar motions in the central few light-years of our Milky Way
Galaxy indicate the presence of a dark object with a mass of about 2.6 million
solar masses. This object is spatially coincident with Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*),
the unique compact radio source located at the dynamical centre of our Galaxy.
By analogy with distant quasars and nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN), Sgr A*
is thought to be powered by the gravitational potential energy released by
matter as it accretes onto a supermassive black hole. However, Sgr A* is much
fainter than expected in all wavebands, especially in X-rays, casting some
doubt on this model. Recently, we reported the first strong evidence of X-ray
emission from Sgr A*. Here we report the discovery of rapid X-ray flaring from
the direction of Sgr A*. These data provide compelling evidence that the X-ray
emission is coming from accretion onto a supermassive black hole at the
Galactic Centre, and the nature of the variations provides strong constraints
on the astrophysical processes near the event horizon of the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95689 </DOCNO>
Nonassociative Star Product Deformations for D-brane Worldvolumes in


  We investigate the deformation of D-brane world-volumes in curved
backgrounds. We calculate the leading corrections to the boundary conformal
field theory involving the background fields, and in particular we study the
correlation functions of the resulting system. This allows us to obtain the
world-volume deformation, identifying the open string metric and the
noncommutative deformation parameter. The picture that unfolds is the
following: when the gauge invariant combination \omega = B + F is constant one
obtains the standard Moyal deformation of the brane world-volume. Similarly,
when d\omega = 0 one obtains the noncommutative Kontsevich deformation,
physically corresponding to a curved brane in a flat background. When the
background is curved, H = d\omega \not= 0, we find that the relevant algebraic
structure is still based on the Kontsevich expansion, which now defines a
nonassociative star product with an A_\infty homotopy associative algebraic
structure. We then recover, within this formalism, some known results of Matrix
theory in curved backgrounds. In particular, we show how the effective action
obtained in this framework describes, as expected, the dielectric effect of
D-branes. The polarized branes are interpreted as a soliton, associated to the
condensation of the brane gauge field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74957 </DOCNO>
Diffusion corrections to the hard pomeron


  The high-energy behaviour of two-scale hard processes is investigated in the
framework of small-x models with running coupling, having the Airy diffusion
model as prototype. We show that, in some intermediate high-energy regime, the
perturbative hard Pomeron exponent determines the energy dependence, and we
prove that diffusion corrections have the form hinted at before in particular
cases. We also discuss the breakdown of such regime at very large energies, and
the onset of the non-perturbative Pomeron behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74394 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Interaction between Dark Matter and Baryons from


  Other nongravitational heating processes are needed to resolve the
disagreement between the absence of cool gas components in the centers of
galaxy clusters revealed recently by Chandra and XMM observations and the
expectations of conventional radiative cooling models. Here we propose that the
interaction between dark matter particles and ordinary baryonic matter may act
as an alternative for the reheating of intracluster medium (ICM) in the inner
regions of clusters, in which kinetic energy of dark matter is transported to
ICM to balance the radiative cooling. Using the Chandra and XMM data of typical
clusters, we set a useful constraint on the dark matter-baryon cross-section:
$\sigma_{xp}/m_x \sim 1 \times 10^{-25}$ cm$^2$GeV$^{-1}$, where $m_x$ is the
mass of dark matter particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86031 </DOCNO>
A family of regular quantum interiors for non-rotating black holes I:


  A seemingly natural mechanism is proposed, that could stop the gravitational
collapse of a very massive body. Without needing to change the concept of the
collapsing process itself, that is, without invoking thin layers nor resorting
to asymptoticity (as has been usually done in the literature), it is proven
that a model can be built in which the quantum vacuum is able to produce a
negative stress that may stop the collapse of the black hole, reaching a final
state of the spacetime structure that is a static de Sitter model. The solution
is found by looking into a generic family of spacetimes: that of maximal
spherically symmetric ones expanded by a geodesic radial null one-form from
flat spacetime. They are called here GRNSS spaces, and are proven to constitute
a distinguished family of Kerr-Schild metrics. The models considered previously
in the literature are easily recovered in this approach, which yields,
moreover, an infinite set of possible candidates for the interior of the black
hole. First steps towards their semiclassical quantization are undertaken. It
is shown that the quantization protocol may be here more easily carried out
than within conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40976 </DOCNO>
The Z ->anti-b b decay asymmetry: lose-lose for the Standard Model


  Combining precision measurements and the Higgs boson search limit, the
electroweak data has evolved to a point where new physics is favored whether
the 3.2 sigma A_{FB}^b anomaly is genuine or not. Such new physics could
greatly alter the inferred value of the Higgs boson mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149862 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative spin-1/2 representations


  In this letter we apply the methods of our previous paper hep-th/0108045 to
noncommutative fermions. We show that the fermions form a spin-1/2
representation of the Lorentz algebra. The covariant splitting of the conformal
transformations into a field-dependent part and a \theta-part implies the
Seiberg-Witten differential equations for the fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95771 </DOCNO>
Conformal Subnets and Intermediate Subfactors


  Given an irreducible local conformal net A of von Neumann algebras on the
circle and a finite-index conformal subnet B of A, we show that A is completely
rational iff B is completely rational. In particular this extends a result of
F. Xu for the orbifold construction. By applying previous results of Xu, many
coset models turn out to be completely rational and the structure results in
[KLM] hold. Our proofs are based on an analysis of the net inclusion B in A;
among other things we show that, for a fixed interval I, every von Neumann
algebra R intermediate between B(I) and A(I) comes from an intermediate
conformal net L between B and A with L(I)=R. We make use of a theorem of
Watatani (type II case) and Teruya and Watatani (type III case) on the
finiteness of the set I(N,M) of intermediate subfactors in an irreducible
inclusion of factors N in M with finite Jones index [M:N]. We provide a unified
proof of this result that gives in particular an explicit bound for the
cardinality of I(N,M) which depends only on [M:N].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41775 </DOCNO>
The KLOE/DAPHNE Status Logging, Analysis and Database System


  The KLOE experiment at the Frascati phi-factory DAPHNE, designed to measure
$\Re(\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon)$, began preliminary data taking in the Fall of
1999. A large database structure, which logs information coming from the DAPHNE
control system and the KLOE slow control and data acquisition systems, has been
developed. Data from detector monitoring, online event processing and machine
operating conditions are easily accessible for online and offline analysis by
means of Web tools and histogramming tools. The system allows powerful
real-time data correlations which are necessary for the ongoing program of
luminosity and background improvements. Data flow and handling processes are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126931 </DOCNO>
Applications of Tunable Imaging Filters for the VLT


  Tunable imaging filters have been used for a variety of science programmes on
the Anglo-Australian and William Herschel Telescopes during the last five
years. This contribution describes these novel devices and reviews the science
(both Galactic and extragalactic) done with them. Possible strategies for
implementing a tunable filter at the VLT are also discussed. Significant
scientific potential exists for a tunable filter on the VLT, particularly in
the years before such capability becomes available on 8 -- 10 m-class
telescopes elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129528 </DOCNO>
(Sub)millimetre emission from NGC 1569: an abundance of very small


  We present new data of the dwarf galaxy NGC 1569 at 450 $\mu$m, 850 $\mu$m
and 1200$\mu$m taken with SCUBA at the JCMT and the bolometer array at the IRAM
30m telescope. After including data from IRAS at 12, 25, 60 and 100 $\mu$m, we
have successfully fitted the dust grain population model of D\'esert et al.
(1990) to the observed midinfrared-to-millimeter spectrum. The fit requires a
combination of both large and very small grains exposed to a strong radiation
field as well as an enhancement of the number of very small grains relative to
the number of large grains. We interpret this as the consequence of large grain
destruction due to shocks in the turbulent interstellar medium of NGC 1569. The
contribution of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) is found to be negligible.
Comparison of the dust emission maps with an HI map of similar resolution shows
that both dust and molecular gas distributions peak close to the radio
continuum maximum and at a minimum in the HI distribution. From a comparison of
these three maps and assuming that the gas-to-dust mass ratio is the same
everywhere, we estimate the ratio of molecular hydrogen column density to
integrated CO intensity to be about 25 -- 30 times the local Galactic value.
The gas-to-dust ratio is 1500 -- 2900, about an order of magnitude higher than
in the Solar Neighbourhood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85834 </DOCNO>
Two Open Universes Connected by a Wormhole: Exact Solutions


  In this paper I present a spacetime of two open universes connected by a
Lorentzian wormhole. The spacetime has the following features: (1) It can
exactly solve the Einstein equations; (2) The weak energy condition is
satisfied everywhere; (3) It has a topology of R^2\times T_g (g\ge 2); (4) It
has no event horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98612 </DOCNO>
{\epsilon}-factors for Gau{\ss}-Manin determinants


  We define $\epsilon$-factors in the de Rham setting and calculate the
determinant of the Gau\ss-Manin connection for a family of (affine) curves and
a vector bundle equipped with a flat connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73327 </DOCNO>
Scalar Glueball-qqbar Mixing above 1 GeV and implications for Lattice


  Lattice QCD predictions have motivated several recent studies of the mixing
between the predicted JPC = 0++ glueball and a qqbar nonet in the 1.3 to 1.7
GeV region. We show that results from apparently different approaches have some
common features, explain why this is so and abstract general conclusions. We
place particular emphasis on the flavour dependent constraints imposed by
decays of the f0(1370), f0(1500) and f0(1700) to all pairs of pseudoscalar
mesons. From these results we identify a systematic correlation between
glueball mass, mixing, and flavour symmetry breaking and conclude that the
glueball may be rather lighter than some quenched lattice QCD computations have
suggested. We identify experimental tests that can determine the dynamics of a
glueball in this mass region and discuss quantitatively the feasibility of
decoding glueball-qqbar mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83900 </DOCNO>
Efficient Choice, Inefficient Democracy? The Implications of Cable and


  This paper explains why, despite a marked increase in available political
information on cable television and the Internet, citizens' levels of political
knowledge have, at best, remained stagnant (Delli Carpini & Keeter, 1996).
Since the availability of entertainment content has increased too, the effect
of new media on knowledge and vote likelihood should be determined by people's
relative preferences for entertainment and information. Access to new media
should increase knowledge and vote likelihood among people who prefer news. At
the same time, it is hypothesized to have a negative effect on knowledge and
turnout for people who prefer entertainment content. Hypotheses are tested by
building a measure of Relative Entertainment Preference (REP) from existing NES
and Pew survey data. Results support the predicted interaction effect of media
environment (cable and/or Internet access) and motivation (REP) on political
knowledge and turnout. In particular, people who prefer entertainment to news
and have access to cable television and the Internet are less knowledgeable and
less likely to vote than any other group of people.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1162 </DOCNO>
Electron transport and intrinsic mobility limits in two-dimensional


  Electron transport studies for AlGaN/GaN two-dimensional electron gases is
presented. Novel defects in the III-V nitrides are treated theoretically for
two-dimensional transport. Theory of electron scattering by charged dislocation
lines is presented for realistic two-dimensional electron gases. The theory
lets us draw new conclusions about the nature of charges residing in the
dislocation in the III-V nitrides. The theory leads to the recognition of the
fact that current state of the art highest mobility values are limited
intrinsically and not due to removable defects. Ways of bypassing the intrinsic
limits to achieve higher mobilities are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5355 </DOCNO>
Tension and solute depletion in multilamellar vesicles


  We show that a metastable multilamellar vesicle (`onion'), in contact with
excess solvent, can spontaneously deplete solute molecules from its interior
through an unusual, entropy-driven mechanism. Fluctuation entropy is gained as
the uneven partition of solute molecules helps the onion relieve tension in its
lamellae. This mechanism accounts for recent experiments on the interaction
between uncharged phospholipid onions and dissolved sugars, showing sugar
depletion accompanied by increased lamellar fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149837 </DOCNO>
On non-uniform black branes


  Certain black branes are unstable toward fluctuations that lead to
non-uniform mass distributions. We study static, non-uniform solutions that
differ only perturbatively from uniform ones. For uncharged black strings in
five dimensions, we find evidence of a first order transition from uniform to
non-uniform solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128642 </DOCNO>
Anomalous scattering of highly dispersed pulsars


  We report multifrequency measurements of scatter broadening times for nine
highly dispersed pulsars over a wide frequency range (0.6 -- 4.9 GHz). We find
the scatter broadening times to be larger than expected and to scale with
frequency with an average power-law index of $3.44\pm 0.13$, i.e. significantly
less than that expected from standard theories. Such possible discrepancies
have been predicted very recently by Cordes & Lazio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96882 </DOCNO>
Confinement and soliton solutions in the SL(3) Toda model coupled to


  We consider an integrable conformally invariant two dimensional model
associated to the affine Kac-Moody algebra SL(3). It possesses four scalar
fields and six Dirac spinors. The theory does not possesses a local Lagrangian
since the spinor equations of motion present interaction terms which are
bilinear in the spinors. There exists a submodel presenting an equivalence
between a U(1) vector current and a topological current, which leads to a
confinement of the spinors inside the solitons. We calculate the one-soliton
and two-soliton solutions using a procedure which is a hybrid of the dressing
and Hirota methods. The soliton masses and time delays due to the soliton
interactions are also calculated. We give a computer program to calculate the
soliton solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3422 </DOCNO>
Vacuum structure of Toroidal Carbon Nanotubes


  Low energy excitations in carbon nanotubes can be described by an effective
field theory of two components spinor. It is pointed out that the chiral
anomaly in 1+1 dimensions should be observed in a metallic toroidal carbon
nanotube on a planar geometry with varying magnetic field. We propose an
experimental setup for studying this quantum effect. We also analyze the vacuum
structure of the metallic toroidal carbon nanotube including the Coulomb
interactions and discuss some effects of external charges on the vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123562 </DOCNO>
The Galactic Bulge: The Stellar and Planetary Nebulae Populations


  We compare abundances patterns in the Bulge for elements observed in stars
and in planetary nebulae. Some alpha elements, like Mg and Ti, are overabundant
respect to Fe, and others are not, like He, O, Si, S, Ar, Ca. The first ones
favor a quick evolution of the Galactic Bulge, and the seconds a much slower
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149281 </DOCNO>
Recursive Graphical Construction for Feynman Diagrams and Their Weights


  The free energy of the Ginzburg-Landau theory satisfies a nonlinear
functional differential equation which is turned into a recursion relation. The
latter is solved graphically order by order in the loop expansion to find all
connected vacuum diagrams, and their corresponding weights. In this way we
determine the connected vacuum diagrams and their weights up to four loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2928 </DOCNO>
Solitons in the noisy Burgers equation


  We investigate numerically the coupled diffusion-advective type field
equations originating from the canonical phase space approach to the noisy
Burgers equation or the equivalent Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in one spatial
dimension. The equations support stable right hand and left hand solitons and
in the low viscosity limit a long-lived soliton pair excitation. We find that
two identical pair excitations scatter transparently subject to a size
dependent phase shift and that identical solitons scatter on a static soliton
transparently without a phase shift. The soliton pair excitation and the
scattering configurations are interpreted in terms of growing step and
nucleation events in the interface growth profile. In the asymmetrical case the
soliton scattering modes are unstable presumably toward multi soliton
production and extended diffusive modes, signalling the general
non-integrability of the coupled field equations. Finally, we have shown that
growing steps perform anomalous random walk with dynamic exponent z=3/2 and
that the nucleation of a tip is stochastically suppressed with respect to
plateau formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3300 </DOCNO>
Statistical Theory for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation in 1+1 Dimension


  The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation in 1+1 dimension dynamically
develops sharply connected valley structures within which the height derivative
{\it is not} continuous. There are two different regimes before and after
creation of the sharp valleys. We develop a statistical theory for the KPZ
equation in 1+1 dimension driven with a random forcing which is white in time
and Gaussian correlated in space. A master equation is derived for the joint
probability density function of height difference and height gradient $P(h-\bar
h,\partial_{x}h,t)$ when the forcing correlation length is much smaller than
the system size and much bigger than the typical sharp valley width. In the
time scales before the creation of the sharp valleys we find the exact
generating function of $h-\bar h$ and $\partial_x h$. Then we express the time
scale when the sharp valleys develop, in terms of the forcing characteristics.
In the stationary state, when the sharp valleys are fully developed, finite
size corrections to the scaling laws of the structure functions $<(h-\bar h)^n
(\partial_x h)^m>$ are also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 354 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous nucleation of a non-critical phase near a continuous phase


  Homogeneous nucleation of a new phase near a second, continuous, transition,
is considered. The continuous transition is in the metastable region associated
with the first-order phase transition, one of whose coexisting phases is
nucleating. Mean-field calculations show that as the continuous transition is
approached, the size of the nucleus varies as the response function of the
order parameter of the continuous transition. This response function diverges
at the continuous transition, as does the temperature derivative of the free
energy barrier to nucleation. This rapid drop of the barrier as the continuous
transition is approached means that the continuous transition acts to reduce
the barrier to nucleation at the first-order transition. This may be useful in
the crystallisation of globular proteins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123484 </DOCNO>
The Void Phenomenon


  Advances in theoretical ideas on how galaxies formed have not been strongly
influenced by the advances in observations of what might be in the voids
between the concentrations of ordinary optically selected galaxies. The theory
and observations are maturing, and the search for a reconciliation offers a
promising opportunity to improve our understanding of cosmic evolution. I
comment on the development of this situation and present an update of a nearest
neighbor measure of the void phenomenon that may be of use in evaluating
theories of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97518 </DOCNO>
On generating a diminimal set of polyhedral maps on the torus


  We develop a method to find a set of diminimal polyhedral maps on the torus
from which all other polyhedral maps on the torus may be generated by face
splitting and vertex splitting. We employ this method, though not to its
completion, to find 53 diminimal polyhedral maps on the Torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5192 </DOCNO>
Det-Det Correlations for Quantum Maps: Dual Pair and Saddle-Point


  An attempt is made to clarify the ballistic non-linear sigma model formalism
recently proposed for quantum chaotic systems, by the spectral determinant
Z(s)=Det(1-sU) of a quantized map U element of U(N). More precisely, we study
the correlator omega_U(s)=<|Z(st)|^2> (averaging t over the unit circle).
Identifying the group U(N) as one member of a dual pair acting in the spinor
representation of Spin(4N), omega_U(s) is expanded in terms of irreducible
characters of U(N). In close analogy with the ballistic non-linear sigma model,
a coherent-state integral representation of omega_U(s) is developed. We show
that the leading-order saddle-point approximation reproduces omega_U(s)
exactly, up to a constant factor; this miracle can be explained by interpreting
omega_U(s) as a character of U(2N), for which the saddle-point expansion yields
the Weyl character formula. Unfortunately, this decomposition behaves
non-smoothly in the semiclassical limit, and to make further progress some
averaging over U needs to be introduced. Several averaging schemes are
investigated. In general, a direct application of the saddle-point
approximation to these schemes is demonstrated to give incorrect results; this
is not the case for a `semiclassical averaging scheme', for which all loop
corrections vanish identically. As a side product of the dual pair
decomposition, we compute a crossover between the Poisson and CUE ensembles for
omega_U(s).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123821 </DOCNO>
Detection of [N II] 5755 Emission from Low Density Ionized Interstellar


  The extremely faint, temperature sensitive ``auroral'' emission line [N II]
5755 has been detected from the low density ionized gas along the sight line
toward l = 130.0, b = -7.5 using the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM). The
intensity of this emission line, relative to the red nebular line [N II] 6584,
is found to be twice that observed in bright, classical H II regions
surrounding O stars. This implies that the electron temperature of the ionized
gas along this sight line is about 2000 K higher than the H II regions, and
that the enhanced [N II] 6584/H-Alpha and [S II] 6716/H-Alpha intensity ratios
in this low density gas are due at least in part to an elevated temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72656 </DOCNO>
12 Years of Precision Calculations for LEP. What's Next?


  I shortly review time period of twelve years, 1989-2000, which was devoted to
a theoretical support of experiments at LEP and SLC at Z resonance and discuss
several directions of possible future work in the field of precision
theoretical calculations for experiments at future colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5994 </DOCNO>
Doping dependence of the exchange energies in bilayer manganites: Role


  Recently, an intriguing doping dependence of the exchange energies in the
bilayer manganites $La_{2-2x}Sr_{1+2x}Mn_2O_7$ has been observed in the neutron
scattering experiments. The intra-layer exchange only weakly changed with
doping while the inter-layer one drastically decreased. Here we propose a
theory which accounts for these experimental findings. We argue, that the
observed striking doping dependence of the exchange energies can be attributed
to the evaluation of the orbital level splitting with doping. The latter is
handled by the interplay between Jahn-Teller effect (supporting an axial
orbital) and the orbital anisotropy of the electronic band in the bilayer
structure (promoting an in-plane orbital), which is monitored by the Coulomb
repulsion. The presented theory, while being a mean-field type, describes well
the experimental data and also gives the estimates of the several interesting
energy scales involved in the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125966 </DOCNO>
Modelling the radio to X-ray SED of galaxies


  We present our model to interpret the SED of galaxies. The model for the UV
to sub-mm SED is already well established (Silva et al 1998). We remind here
its main features and show some applications. Recently we have extended the
model to the radio range (Bressan et al 2001), and we have started to include
the X-ray emission from the stellar component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97579 </DOCNO>
Isomorphism rigidity of algebraic $Z^{d}$-actions


  An algebraic $Z^{d}$-action is an action of $Z^{d}$ on a compact abelian
group $X$ by automorphisms of $X$. We prove that for $d \ge 8$, there exist
mixing zero entropy algebraic $Z^{d}$-actions which do not exhibit isomorphism
rigidity property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96188 </DOCNO>
Exponential Riesz bases of subspaces and divided differences


  Linear combinations of exponentials $e^{i\lambda_kt}$ in the case where the
distance between some points $\lambda_k$ tends to zero are studied. D. Ullrich
has proved the basis property of the divided differences of exponentials in the
case when the groups consist of equal number of points all of them are close
enough to integers. We have generalized this result for groups with arbitrary
number of close points and obtained a full description of Riesz bases of
exponential divided differences. The application to a control problem is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81450 </DOCNO>
Hadron Mass Extraction from Lattice QCD


  The extraction of quantities from lattice QCD calculations at realistic quark
masses is of considerable importance. Whilst physical quark masses are some way
off, the recent advances in the calculation of hadron masses within full QCD
now invite improved extrapolation methods. We show that, provided the correct
chiral behaviour of QCD is respected in the extrapolation to realistic quark
masses, one can indeed obtain a fairly reliable determination of masses, the
sigma commutator and the J parameter. We summarise these findings by presenting
the nonanalytic behaviour of nucleon and rho masses in the standard Edinburgh
plot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72468 </DOCNO>
Theory of the Nucleon Spin-Polarizabilities II


  Following up on the plenary talk given by Ulf Mei{\ss}ner, I discuss a
generalization of the concept of nucleon spin-polarizabilities in terms of
multipole excitation/de-excitation and present an overview of the available
theoretical predictions for these elusive but interesting structure parameters
of the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5642 </DOCNO>
Magnetic excitations in two-leg spin 1/2 ladders: experiment and theory


  Magnetic excitations in two-leg S=1/2 ladders are studied both experimentally
and theoretically. Experimentally, we report on the reflectivity, the
transmission and the optical conductivity sigma(omega) of undoped La_x Ca_14-x
Cu_24 O_41 for x=4, 5, and 5.2. Using two different theoretical approaches
(Jordan-Wigner fermions and perturbation theory), we calculate the dispersion
of the elementary triplets, the optical conductivity and the momentum-resolved
spectral density of two-triplet excitations for 0.2 <=
J_parallel/J_perpendicular <= 1.2. We discuss phonon-assisted two-triplet
absorption, the existence of two-triplet bound states, the two-triplet
continuum, and the size of the exchange parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179102 </DOCNO>
Form factors and photoproduction amplitudes


  We examine the use of phenomenological form factors in tree level amplitudes
for meson photoproduction. Two common recipes are shown to be fundamentally
incorrect. An alternate form consistent with gauge invariance and crossing
symmetry is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124498 </DOCNO>
Constraints on inflation from CMB and Lyman-alpha forest


  We constrain the spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations by using
recent Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Large Scale Structure (LSS) data.
Specifically, we consider CMB data from the COBE, Boomerang and Maxima
experiments, the real space galaxy power spectrum from the IRAS PSCz survey,
and the linear matter power spectrum inferred from Ly-alpha forest spectra. We
study the case of single field slow roll inflationary models, and we extract
bounds on the scalar spectral index, n, the tensor to scalar ratio, r, and the
running of the scalar spectral index, dlnk, for various combinations of the
observational data. We find that CMB data, when combined with data from
Lyman-alpha forest, place strong constraints on the inflationary parameters.
Specifically, we obtain n \approx 0.9, r < 0.3 and dlnk \approx 0, indicating
that single field hybrid models are ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148699 </DOCNO>
Gaussian Effective Potential and the Coleman's normal-ordering


  For a class of system, the potential of whose Bosonic Hamiltonian has a
Fourier representation in the sense of tempered distributions, we calculate the
Gaussian effective potential within the framework of functional integral
formalism. We show that the Coleman's normal-ordering prescription can be
formally generalized to the functional integral formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6066 </DOCNO>
A three-state cyclic voter model extended with Potts energy


  The cyclically dominated voter model on a square lattice is extended by
taking into consideration the variation of Potts energy during the nearest
neighbor invasions. We have investigated the effect of surface tension on the
self- organizing patterns maintained by cyclic invasions. A geometrical
analysis is also developed tp study the three-color patterns. These
investigations indicate clearly that in the "voter model" limit the pattern
evolution is governed by the loop creation due to the overhanging during the
interfacial roughening. Conversely, in the presence surface tension the
evolution is governed by spiral formation whose geometrical parameters depend
on the strength of cyclic dominance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4868 </DOCNO>
Some Considerations about the Bouchaud-Cates-Ravi-Edwards model for


  In this paper we discuss some features of the BCRE model. We show that this
model can be understood as a mapping from a two-dimensional to a
one-dimensional problem, if some conditions are satisfied. We propose some
modifications that (a) guarantee mass conservation in the model (what is not
assured in its original form) and (b) correct undesired behaviors that appear
when there are irregularities in the surface of the static phase.
  We also show that a similar model can be deduced both from the principle of
mass conservation (first equation) and a simple thermodynamic model (from which
the exchange equation can be obtained). Finally, we solve the model
numerically, using different velocity profiles and studying the influence of
the different parameters present in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124415 </DOCNO>
Behavior of Sulfur Abundances in Metal-Poor Giants and Dwarfs


  LTE and NLTE abundances of sulfur in 6 metal-poor giants and 61 dwarfs (62
dwarfs, including the Sun) were explored in the range of -3 \lsim [Fe/H] \lsim
$+0.5$ using high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of the \SI
8693.9 \AA and 8694.6 \AA lines observed by us and measured by \Francois (1987,
1988) and Clegg et al. (1981). NLTE effects in S abundances are found to be
small and practically negligible. The behavior of [S/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] exhibits a
linear increasing trend without plateau with decreasing [Fe/H]. Combining our
results with those available in the literature, we find that the slope of the
increasing trend is -0.25 in the NLTE behavior of [S/Fe], which is comparable
to that observed in [O/Fe]. The observed behavior of S may require chemical
evolution models of the Galaxy, in which scenarios of hypernovae
nucleosynthesis and/or time-delayed deposition into interstellar medium are
incorporated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5043 </DOCNO>
Light scattering from self-affine fractal silver surfaces with nanoscale


  We study the light scattered from randomly rough, one-dimensional self-affine
fractal silver surfaces with nanoscale lower cutoff, illuminated by s- or
p-polarized Gaussian beams a few microns wide. By means of rigorous numerical
calculations based on the Green theorem integral equation formulation, we
obtain both the far- and near-field scattered intensities. The influence of
diminishing the fractal lower scale cutoff (from below a hundred, down to a few
nanometers) is analyzed in the case of both single realizations and ensemble
average magnitudes. For s polarization, variations are small in the far field,
being only significant in the higher spatial frequency components of evanescent
character in the near field. In the case of p polarization, however, the
nanoscale cutoff has remarkable effects stemming from the roughness-induced
excitation of surface-plasmon polaritons. In the far field, the effect is
noticed both in the speckle pattern variation and in the decrease of the total
reflected energy upon ensemble averaging, due to increased absorption. In the
near field, more efficient excitation of localized optical modes is achieved
with smaller cutoff, which in turn leads to huge surface electric field
enhancements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74831 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Interactions In Oscillation Experiments


  We calculate neutrino induced cross-sections relevant for oscillation
experiments, including the $\tau$-lepton threshold for quasi-elastic, resonance
and deep inelastic scattering. In addition to threshold effects, we include
nuclear corrections for heavy targets which are moderate for quasi-elastic and
large for single pion production. Nuclear effects for deep inelastic reactions
are small. We present cross sections together with their nuclear corrections
for various channels which are useful for interpreting the experimental results
and for determining parameters of the neutrino sector..

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74996 </DOCNO>
RG/Pade Estimate of the Three-Loop Contribution to the QCD Static


  The three renormalization-group-accessible three-loop coefficients of powers
of logarithms within the \bar{MS} series momentum-space for the QCD static
potential are calculated and compared to values obtained via asymptotic
Pad\'e-approximant methods. The leading and next-to-leading logarithmic
coefficients are both found to be in exact agreement with their asymptotic
Pad\'e-predictions. The predicted value for the third RG-accessible coefficient
is found to be within 7% relative |error| of its true value for n_f leq 6, and
is shown to be in exact agreement with its true value in the n_f \to \infty
limit. Asymptotic Pad\'e estimates are also obtained for the remaining
(RG-inaccessible) three-loop coefficient. Comparison is also made with recent
estimates of the three-loop contribution to the configuration-space
static-potential function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97728 </DOCNO>
Normal forms of hierarchies of integrable PDEs, Frobenius manifolds and


  We present a project of classification of a certain class of bihamiltonian
1+1 PDEs depending on a small parameter. Our aim is to embed the theory of
Gromov - Witten invariants of all genera into the theory of integrable systems.
The project is focused at describing normal forms of the PDEs and their local
bihamiltonian structures satisfying certain simple axioms. A Frobenius manifold
or its degeneration is associated to every bihamiltonian structure of our type.
The main result is a universal loop equation on the jet space of a semisimple
Frobenius manifold that can be used for perturbative reconstruction of the
integrable hierarchy. We show that first few terms of the perturbative
expansion correctly reproduce the universal identities between intersection
numbers of Gromov - Witten classes and their descendents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72844 </DOCNO>
Progress Towards a Generator for BFKL Physics


  In certain regions of phase space in jet production, large logarithms can
arise which are resummed by the BFKL equation. Linear colliders can potentially
be excellent places to study BFKL effects in jet production. We discuss an
approach to BFKL calculations which incorporates kinematic effects explicitly
and can be implemented in an event generator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168581 </DOCNO>
Relaxation of a two-level system strongly coupled to a reservoir:


  Relaxation of a two-level system (TLS) into a resonant infinite-temperature
reservoir with a Lorentzian spectrum is studied. The reservoir is described by
a complex Gaussian-Markovian field coupled to the nondiagonal elements of the
TLS Hamiltonian. The theory can be relevant for electromagnetic interactions in
microwave high-$Q$ cavities and muon spin depolarization. Analytical results
are obtained for the strong-coupling regime, $\Omega_0\gg\nu$, where $\Omega_0$
is the rms coupling amplitude (Rabi frequency) and $\nu$ is the width of the
reservoir spectrum. In this regime, the population difference and half of the
initial coherence decay with two characteristic rates: the most part of the
decay occurs at $t\sim\Omega_0^{-1}$, the relaxation being reversible for
$t\ll(\Omega_0^2\nu)^{-1/3}$, whereas for $t\gg(\Omega_0^2\nu)^{-1/3}$ the
relaxation becomes irreversible and is practically over. The other half of the
coherence decays with the rate on the order of $\nu$, which may be slower by
orders of magnitude than the time scale of the population relaxation. The above
features are explained by the fact that at $t\ll\nu^{-1}$ the reservoir
temporal fluctuations are effectively one-dimensional (adiabatic). Moreover, we
identify the pointer basis, in which the reduction of the state vector occurs.
The pointer states are correlated with the reservoir, being dependent on the
reservoir phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124080 </DOCNO>
The Munich Near-Infrared Cluster Survey - I. Field selection, object


  The Munich Near-IR Cluster Survey (MUNICS) is a wide-area, medium-deep,
photometric survey selected in the K' band. It covers an area of roughly one
square degree in the K' and J near-IR pass-bands. The survey area consists of
16 6' x 6' fields targeted at QSOs with redshifts 0.5 < z < 2 and 7 28' x 13'
stripes targeted at `random' high Galactic latitude fields. Ten of the QSO
fields were additionally imaged in R and I, and 0.6 square degrees of the
randomly selected fields were also imaged in the V, R, and I bands. The
resulting object catalogues were strictly selected in K', having a limiting
magnitude (50 per cent completeness) of K' ~ 19.5 mag and J ~ 21 mag,
sufficiently deep to detect passively evolving systems up to a redshift of z ~
1.5 and luminosity of 0.5 L*. The optical data reach a depth of roughly R ~
23.5 mag. The project's main scientific aims are the identification of galaxy
clusters at redshifts around unity and the selection of a large sample of field
early-type galaxies at 0 < z < 1.5 for evolutionary studies. In this paper -
the first in a series - we describe the survey's concept, the selection of the
survey fields, the near-IR and optical imaging and data reduction, object
extraction, and the construction of photometric catalogues. Finally, we show
the J-K' vs. K' colour-magnitude diagramme and the R-J vs. J-K', V-I vs. J-K',
and V-I vs. V-R colour-colour diagrammes for MUNICS objects, together with
stellar population-synthesis models for different star-formation histories, and
conclude that the data set presented is suitable for extracting a catalogue of
massive field galaxies in the redshift range 0.5 < z < 1.5 for evolutionary
studies and follow-up observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168792 </DOCNO>
A Theory of Quantum Preparation and the Corresponding Advantage of the


  Analyzing two standard preparators, the Stern-Gerlach and the
hole-in-the-screen ones, it is demonstrated that four entities are the basic
ingredients of the theory: the composite-system preparator-plus-object state
(coming about as a result of a suitable interaction between the subsystems), a
suitable preparator observable, one of its characteristic projectors called the
triggering event, and, finally, the conditional object state corresponding to
the occurrence of the triggering event. The concepts of a conditional state and
of retrospective apparent ideal occurrence are discussed in the conventional
interpretation of quantum mechanics. In the general theory of a preparator in
this interpretation first-kind and second-kind preparators are distinguished.
They are described by the same entities in the same way, but in terms of
different physical mechanisms. In this article the relative-collapse
interpretation is extended to encompass also preparators (besides measuring
apparatuses). In this interpretation also the mechanisms become the same and
one has only one kind of preparators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85813 </DOCNO>
The Melvin Universe in Born-Infeld Theory and other Theories of


  We derive a Melvin Universe type solution describing a magnetic field
permeating the whole Universe in gravity minimally coupled to any non-linear
electromagnetic theory, including Born-Infeld Theory. For a large set of
non-linear electrodynamics theories, our solution is complete and non-singular,
as long as the magnetic field is sub-critical. We examine some properties of
the solution; in particular there is a shift of the symmetry axis and a
non-standard period along the orbits of the U(1) symmetry to avoid a conical
singularity. We show these are consistent with the usual Dirac quantization
condition for the magnetic flux. We find exact solutions describing propagation
of waves in the `generalized Melvin Universe' along the principal null
directions of the electromagnetic field, where the Boillat and Einstein
light-cone touch. By electric-magnetic duality we show that similar Melvin
electric and dyonic universes can be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 741 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of the One-Dimensional Two-Component Log-Gas


  We consider a one-dimensional continuum gas of pointlike positive and
negative unit charges interacting via a logarithmic potential. The mapping onto
a two-dimensional boundary sine-Gordon field theory with zero bulk mass
provides the full thermodynamics (density-fugacity relationship, specific heat,
etc.) of the log-gas in the whole stability range of inverse temperatures
$\beta<1$. An exact formula for the excess chemical potential of a ``foreign''
particle of an arbitrary charge, put into the log-gas, is derived. The results
are checked by a small-$\beta$ expansion and at the collapse $\beta=1$ point.
The possibility to go beyond the collapse temperature is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168016 </DOCNO>
Classical information capacity of superdense coding


  Classical communication through quantum channels may be enhanced by sharing
entanglement. Superdense coding allows the encoding, and transmission, of up to
two classical bits of information in a single qubit. In this paper, the maximum
classical channel capacity for states that are not maximally entangled is
derived. Particular schemes are then shown to attain this capacity, firstly for
pairs of qubits, and secondly for pairs of qutrits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169314 </DOCNO>
Transmission and Reflection in a Double Potential Well: Doing it the


  The Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics is applied to a transmission and
reflection process in a double potential well. We consider a time dependent
periodic wave function and study the particle trajectories. The average time,
eventally transmitted particles stay inside the barrier is the average
transmission time, which can be defined using the causal interpretation. The
question remains whether these transmission times can be experimentally
measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40801 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of $\Gamma(D^{*+})$


  We have made the first measurement of the D*+ width using 9/fb of e+e- data
collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the CLEO II.V detector. Our method
uses advanced tracking techniques and a reconstruction method that takes
advantage of the small vertical size of the CESR beam spot to measure the
energy release distribution from the D*+ -> D0 pi+ decay. Our preliminary
result is Gamma(D*+) = 96 +- 4 (Statistical) +- 22 (Systematic) keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149159 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative branes in D-brane backgrounds


  We study Myers world-volume effective action of coincident D-branes. We
investigate a system of N_0 D0-branes in the geometry of Dp-branes with p=2 or
p=4. The choice of coordinates can make the action simplified and tractable.
For p=4, we show that a certain point-like D0-brane configuration solving
equations of motion of the action can expand to form a fuzzy two-sphere without
changing quantum numbers. We compare non-commutative D0-brane configurations
with dual spherical D(6-p)-brane systems. We also discuss the relation between
these configurations and giant gravitons in 11-dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148017 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory From Five Reasonable Axioms


  The usual formulation of quantum theory is based on rather obscure axioms
(employing complex Hilbert spaces, Hermitean operators, and the trace rule for
calculating probabilities). In this paper it is shown that quantum theory can
be derived from five very reasonable axioms. The first four of these are
obviously consistent with both quantum theory and classical probability theory.
Axiom 5 (which requires that there exists continuous reversible transformations
between pure states) rules out classical probability theory. If Axiom 5 (or
even just the word "continuous" from Axiom 5) is dropped then we obtain
classical probability theory instead. This work provides some insight into the
reasons quantum theory is the way it is. For example, it explains the need for
complex numbers and where the trace formula comes from. We also gain insight
into the relationship between quantum theory and classical probability theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87065 </DOCNO>
Brane Gas Cosmology and Loitering


  In Brane Gas Cosmology (BGC) the initial state of the universe is taken to be
small, dense and hot, with all fundamental degrees of freedom near thermal
equilibrium. This starting point is in close analogy with the Standard Big Bang
(SBB) model. In the simplest example, the topology of the universe is assumed
to be toroidal in all nine spatial dimensions and is filled with a gas of
$p$-branes. The dynamics of winding modes allow, at most, three spatial
dimensions to become large, providing a possible explanation to the origin of
our macroscopic (3+1)-dimensional universe. Specific solutions are found within
the model that exhibit loitering, i.e. the universe experiences a short phase
of slow contraction during which the Hubble radius grows larger than the
physical extent of the universe. This phase is studied by combining the dilaton
gravity background equations of motion with equations that determine the
annihilation of string winding modes into string loops. Loitering provides a
solution to the brane problem (generalised domain wall problem) in BGC and the
horizon problem of the SBB scenario. In BGC the initial singularity problem of
the SBB scenario is solved, without relying on an inflationary phase due to the
presence of the T-duality symmetry in the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168678 </DOCNO>
A feasible quantum communication complexity protocol


  I show that a simple multi-party communication task can be performed more
efficiently with quantum communication than with classical communication, even
with low detection efficiency $\eta$. The task is a communication complexity
problem in which distant parties need to compute a function of the distributed
inputs, while minimizing the amount of communication between them. A realistic
quantum optical setup is suggested that can demonstrate a five-party quantum
protocol with higher-than-classical performance, provided $\eta>0.33$ .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125186 </DOCNO>
On the masses of black-holes in radio-loud quasars


  The central black-hole masses of a sample of radio-loud quasars are estimated
by using the data of $H_{\beta}$ line-width and the optical continuum
luminosity. The vast majority of the quasars in this sample have black-hole
masses larger than $10^{8} M_{\odot}$, while a few quasars may contain
relatively smaller black-holes. We found a significant anti-correlation between
the radio-loudness and the central black-hole mass. It might imply that the jet
formation is governed by the black-hole mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95556 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous symplectic manifolds of Poisson-Lie groups


  Symplectic manifolds which are homogeneous spaces of Poisson-Lie groups are
studied in this paper. We show that these spaces are, under certain
assumptions, covering spaces of dressing orbits of the Poisson-Lie groups which
act on them. The effect of the Poisson induction procedure on such spaces is
also examined, thus leading to an interesting generalization of the notion of
homogeneous space. Some examples of homogeneous spaces of Poisson-Lie groups
are discussed in the light of the previous results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97112 </DOCNO>
A Generalized Parameter Imbedding Method


  The parameter imbedding method for the Fredholm equation converts it into an
initial value problem in its parameter $\lambda$. We establish the method for
general operator equations of the form $[I + \hat{f}(\lambda)]\psi = \phi $. It
is particularly useful for studying spontaneous symmetry breaking problems,
such as contained in the nonlinear Schwinger-Dyson equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81140 </DOCNO>
Schr"odinger functional at negative flavour number


  The scaling of the Schr"odinger functional coupling is studied numerically
and perturbatively for an SU(3) lattice gauge field coupled to an O(a) improved
bosonic spinor field. This corresponds to QCD with minus two light flavours and
is used as a numerically less costly test case for real QCD. A suitable
algorithm is developed, and the influence of the matter fields on the continuum
limit and the lattice artefacts are studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87005 </DOCNO>
Elliptic-hyperbolic systems and the Einstein equations


  The Einstein evolution equations are studied in a gauge given by a
combination of the constant mean curvature and spatial harmonic coordinate
conditions. This leads to a coupled quasilinear elliptic--hyperbolic system of
evolution equations. We prove that the Cauchy problem is locally strongly
well--posed and that a continuation principle holds. For initial data
satisfying the Einstein constraint and gauge conditions, the solutions to the
elliptic-hyperbolic system defined by the gauge fixed Einstein evolution
equations are shown to give vacuum spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169355 </DOCNO>
Quantum Key Distribution for d-level systems with Generalized Bell


  We introduce a generalization of Hadamard and the controlled not gates which
together with the generalized Bell states, enable us to introduce new methods
for quantum key distribution (QKD) of d-level quantum states (qudits). In case
of eavesdropping, an error rate of $\frac{d-1}{d}$ is introduced in Bob's
received qudits, so that for large $d$, comparison of only a tiny fraction of
received qudits with the sent ones detect the presence of Eve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96655 </DOCNO>
A new Binary Number Code and a Multiplier, based on 3 as semi-primitive


  The powers of 3 generate half of the odd residues mod 2^k (k>2), and a sign
change yields the other half. In other words: 3 is a semi-primitive root of 1
mod 2^k (k>2). Hence each k-bit residue is n = +/- 3^i.2^j mod 2^k, with unique
non-neg exponent pair: i<2^{k-2} and j<k. -- A new "dual base logarithmic"
binary number code (bases 2 and 3) employs this property. This (binary)
log-code [s,i,j] - where s is the corresponding sign, simplifies binary
multiplication by translating it to addition of the exponents of 2 and 3, and
XOR of the signs involved. -- Patent US-5923888 (13jul99)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150023 </DOCNO>
Holographic Entropy on the Brane in de Sitter Schwarzschild Space


  The relationship between the entropy of de Sitter (dS) Schwarzschild space
and that of the CFT, which lives on the brane, is discussed by using
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) equations and Cardy-Verlinde formula. The
cosmological constant appears on the brane with time-like metric in dS
Schwarzschild background. On the other hand, in case of the brane with
space-like metric in dS Schwarzschild background, the cosmological constant of
the brane does not appear because we can choose brane tension to cancel it. We
show that when the brane crosses the horizon of dS Schwarzschild black hole,
both for time-like and space-like cases, the entropy of the CFT exactly agrees
with the black hole entropy of 5-dimensional AdS Schwarzschild background as it
happens in the AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168292 </DOCNO>
Requirement of optical coherence for continuous-variable quantum


  We show that the sender (Alice) and the receiver (Bob) each require coherent
devices in order to achieve unconditional continuous variable quantum
teleportation (CVQT), and this requirement cannot be achieved with conventional
laser sources, even in principle. The appearance of successful CVQT in recent
experiments is due to interpreting the measurement record fallaciously in terms
of one preferred ensemble (or decomposition) of the correct density matrix
describing the state. Our analysis is unrelated to technical problems such as
laser phase drift or finite squeezing bandwidth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168433 </DOCNO>
Bell's theorem without inequalities and only two distant observers


  A proof of Bell's theorem without inequalities and involving only two
observers is given by suitably extending a proof of the Bell-Kochen-Specker
theorem due to Mermin. This proof is generalized to obtain an inequality-free
proof of Bell's theorem for a set of n Bell states (with n odd) shared between
two distant observers. A generalized CHSH inequality is formulated for n Bell
states shared symmetrically between two observers and it is shown that quantum
mechanics violates this inequality by an amount that grows exponentially with
increasing n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124827 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional MHD simulations of Radiatively cooling, Pulsed Jets


  (Abridged) We here investigate, by means of fully 3-D Smoothed Particle
Magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations, the effects of magnetic fields on
overdense, radiatively cooling, pulsed jets, using different initial magnetic
field topologies and strengths ($B \simeq 260 \mu$G-0). The relative
differences that have been previously detected in 2-D simulations involving
distinct magnetic field configurations are diminished in the 3-D flows. While
the presence of toroidal magnetic components can modify the morphology close to
the jet head inhibiting its fragmentation in the early jet evolution, as
previously reported in the literature, the impact of the pulsed-induced
internal knots causes the appearance of a complex morphology at the jet head
(as required by the observations of H-H jets) even in the MHD jet models with
toroidal components. The detailed structure and emission properties of the
internal working surfaces can be also significantly altered by the presence of
magnetic fields. The increase of the magnetic field strength improves the jet
collimation, and amplifies the density (by factors up to 1.4, and 4) and the
H\alpha$ intensity (by factors up to 4, and 5) behind the knots of jets with
helical field and $\beta \simeq 1-0.1$ (respectively), relative to a non
magnetic jet. As a consequence, the corresponding $I_{[SII]}}/I_{H}\alpha}$
ratio (which is frequently used to determine the excitation level of HH
objects) can be decreased in the MHD models with toroidal components relative
to non-magnetic calculations. We also find that the helical mode of the K-H
instability can be triggered in MHD models with helical magnetic fields,
causing some jet wiggling. No evidence for the formation of the nose cones is
found in the 3-D flows, nor even in the $\beta \simeq 0.1$ case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169516 </DOCNO>
Quantum Trajectories for Realistic Detection


  Quantum trajectories describe the stochastic evolution of an open quantum
system conditioned on continuous monitoring of its output, such as by an ideal
photodetector. Here we derive (non-Markovian) quantum trajectories for
realistic photodetection, including the effects of efficiency, dead time,
bandwidth, electronic noise, and dark counts. We apply our theory to a
realistic cavity QED scenario and investigate the impact of such detector
imperfections on the conditional evolution of the system state. A practical
theory of quantum trajectories with realistic detection will be essential for
experimental and technological applications of quantum feedback in many areas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2434 </DOCNO>
Strong quasi-particle tunneling study in the paired quantum Hall states


  The quasi-particle tunneling phenomena in the paired fractional quantum Hall
states are studied. A single point-contact system is first considered. Because
of relevancy of the quasi-particle tunneling term, the strong tunneling regime
should be investigated.
 Using the instanton method it is shown that the strong quasi-particle
tunneling regime is described as the weak electron tunneling regime
effectively.
  Expanding to the network model the paired quantum Hall liquid to insulator
transition is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85814 </DOCNO>
Cryogenic measurement of the optical absorption coefficient in sapphire


  We have applied laser calorimetry to the measurement of optical absorption in
mono-crystalline sapphire at cryogenic temperatures. Sapphire is a promising
candidate for the mirror substrates of the Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational
wave Telescope. The optical absorption coefficients of different sapphire
samples at a wavelength of 1.064(micro)m at 5K were found to average 90ppm/cm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148550 </DOCNO>
The euclidean propagator in a model with two non-equivalent instantons


  We consider in detail how the quantum-mechanical tunneling phenomenon occurs
in a well-behaved octic potential. Our main tool will be the euclidean
propagator just evaluated between two minima of the potential at issue. For
such a purpose we resort to the standard semiclassical approximation which
takes into account the fluctuations over the instantons, i.e. the finite-action
solutions of the euclidean equation of motion. As regards the one-instanton
approach, the functional determinant associated with the so-called stability
equation is analyzed in terms of the asymptotic behaviour of the zero-mode. The
conventional ratio of determinants takes as reference the harmonic oscillator
whose frequency is the average of the two different frequencies derived from
the minima of the potential involved in the computation. The second instanton
of the model is studied in a similar way. The physical effects of the
multi-instanton configurations are included in this context by means of the
alternate dilute-gas approximation where the two instantons participate to
provide us with the final expression of the propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125956 </DOCNO>
Surface imaging of HD 199178 (V1794 Cygni)


  We present surface temperature maps for the FK Comae-type star HD 199178
(V1794 Cygni) calculated from high resolution spectra obtained in 1994 and
1995. The spot pattern evolves, but all maps reveal a large cool spot remaining
nearly at the same high latitude. The main spot is 1200 -- 1600 K cooler than
the mean surface temperature. The observed slightly flat bottomed absorption
lines would usually be interpreted as evidence for a large cool polar spot. We
argue that antisolar surface differential rotation offers a better explanation
for the box like shape of the line profiles. However, we do not find conclusive
evidence for antisolar differential rotation and note that there are still
other possible explanations for the slightly flat bottomed line profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95700 </DOCNO>
Vertex Lie algebras, vertex Poisson algebras and vertex algebras


  The notions of vertex Lie algebra and vertex Poisson algebra are presented
and connections among vertex Lie algebras, vertex Poisson algebras and vertex
algebras are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86898 </DOCNO>
Restoration of Angular Lie Algebra Symmetries from a Covariant


  The sO(3) and the Lorentz algebra symmetries breaking with gauge curvatures
are studied by means of a covariant Hamiltonian. The restoration of these
algebra symmetries in flat and curved spaces is performed and led to the
apparition of a monopole field. Then in the context of the Lorentz algebra we
consider an application to the gravitoelectromagnetism theory. In this last
case a qualitative relation giving a mass spectrum for dyons is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4324 </DOCNO>
Quantum Interference Phenomena Between Impurity States in d-wave


  We investigate the mutual influence of impurities in two-dimensional d-wave
superconductors involving self-consistent solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes
equations. The local order parameter suppression, the local density of states
(LDOS) as well as the interference of impurity-induced structures are analyzed.
We employ an impurity position averaging scheme for the DOS that does not
neglect these interference effects, as the commonly used $T$-matrix approaches
do.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74600 </DOCNO>
A Contribution of Photon Hadronic Component in the Leptoproduction


  We calculated the contribution of the photon hadronic component in the
charmed structure function of the leptoproduction. The contribution comes from
scattering of the c quarks of the virtual photon on the quarks and gluons of
the proton. Comparison of our calculations with the measurements of the charm
production in $\mu^+p$-scattering by EMC shows, that contribution of resolved
photon can explain the excess of EMC data over the predictions of the
photon-gluon fusion model at large momentum transfers. Thus, one does not need
to use a non-perturbative admixture of the charmed quarks in the proton wave
function (''intrinsic charm'') to describe such an excess in EMC data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3063 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structures of MgB{$_2$} under Uniaxial and Hydrostatic


  Electronic and lattice properties of MgB{$_2$} under uniaxial and hydrostatic
compression are calculated. Lattice properties are optimized automatically by
using the first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) method. Features of the
electronic band structures under uniaxial and hydrostatic compression are quite
different each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76190 </DOCNO>
Next-to-Leading Order QCD Corrections to Spectator Effects in Lifetimes


  Theoretical predictions of beauty hadron lifetimes, based on the heavy quark
expansion up to and including order 1/mb^2, do not to reproduce the
experimental measurements of the lifetime ratios tau(B+)/tau(Bd) and
tau(Lambdab)/tau(Bd). Large corrections to these predictions come from
phase-space enhanced 1/mb^3 contributions, i.e. hard spectator effects. In this
paper we calculate the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the Wilson
coefficients of the local operators appearing at O(1/mb^3). We find that these
corrections improve the agreement with the experimental data. The lifetime
ratio of charged to neutral B mesons, tau(B+)/tau(Bd), turns out to be in very
good agreement with the corresponding measurement, whereas for tau(Bs)/tau(Bd)
and tau(Lambdab)/tau(Bd) there is a residual difference at the 1-sigma level.
We discuss, however, why the theoretical predictions are less accurate in the
latter cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128683 </DOCNO>
The Mass Distribution of Black Holes in BL Lacertae Objects


  In this {\it Letter}, we make an attempt to estimate the masses of black
holes and their distributions in BL Lac objects. We find there is a bimodal
population of black hole masses in BL Lacs: the first has a lower-mass peak
centred at $\sim 7.0 \times 10^6\sunm$ composed of high frequency-peaked BL
Lacs (HBLs) and the second is a higher-mass ($>10^9\sunm$) population composed
of low frequency-peaked BL Lacs (LBLs). The low mass family of black holes in
HBLs does not satisfy the Magorrian et al. relation whereas the high mass
family in LBLs does this relation and is in agreement with Laor's limit. The
origination of the bimodal distribution of black hole mass remains open.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113530 </DOCNO>
Molecular dynamics simulation for pressure-induced structural transition


  The pressure-induced structural transition in fcc C$_{60}$ fullerene by shock
compression and rapid quenching is investigated by a semi-empirical
tight-binding molecular dynamics simulation, adopting a constant-pressure
scheme and a method of the order N electronic structure calculation. At first,
the process of the amorphization of C$_{60}$ is demonstrated. The simulated
results indicated that, in the material fabricated after the quenching, the
remaining dangling bonds have a large influence on physical properties, such
as, the density and the presence of the band gap at the Fermi level. We have
furthermore studied the formation of the short-range order, observed as
amorphous diamond. In order to form the amorphous diamond phase, the bonding
state of sp$^2$ must be turned into that of sp$^3$. The transition process is
seriously influenced from the the external pressure, the temperature, or the
presence of hydrogen. The comparison to the pressure-induced structural
transition in the graphite is also executed and a brief discussion on the
difference in those carbon crystals is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97658 </DOCNO>
Geometrically Uniform Frames


  We introduce a new class of frames with strong symmetry properties called
geometrically uniform frames (GU), that are defined over an abelian group of
unitary matrices and are generated by a single generating vector. The notion of
GU frames is then extended to compound GU (CGU) frames which are generated by
an abelian group of unitary matrices using multiple generating vectors.
  The dual frame vectors and canonical tight frame vectors associated with GU
frames are shown to be GU and therefore generated by a single generating
vector, which can be computed very efficiently using a Fourier transform
defined over the generating group of the frame. Similarly, the dual frame
vectors and canonical tight frame vectors associated with CGU frames are shown
to be CGU.
  The impact of removing single or multiple elements from a GU frame is
considered. A systematic method for constructing optimal GU frames from a given
set of frame vectors that are not GU is also developed. Finally, the Euclidean
distance properties of GU frames are discussed and conditions are derived on
the abelian group of unitary matrices to yield GU frames with strictly positive
distance spectrum irrespective of the generating vector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125143 </DOCNO>
Environment status of blue compact galaxies and trigger of star


  (abridged) The work studies active star formation (SF) and a possible trigger
of SF bursts due to gravitational interaction. Following the study by Taylor et
al. we extend the search for possible disturbing galaxies of various masses to
a much larger sample of 86 BCGs from the sky region of Second Byurakan survey.
The sample under study is separated by the criteria: EW([O III]5007 > 45 A and
V < 6,000 km/s and should be representative of all low-mass galaxies which
experience SF bursts. We argue that the moderate tidal disturbers should be
taken into account, and incorporate the respective range of distances in the
search for disturbing neighbours. The majority of the neighbours in the
vicinity of the studied BCGs are found through the study of their environment
among UZC galaxies, and the follow-up careful search of the fainter galaxies in
the NED database. For the remaining BCGs, the neighbouring galaxies are found
based on the results of the 6-m telescope spectroscopy. By studing the data on
the radial velocities of galaxies in the vicinity of BCGs we found: 1) 33 of
the studied BCGs (38.5 %) are associated with significantly brighter galaxies
(DB > 1.5 mag); 2) 23 BCGs (26.5%) have neighbours either of comparable or
significantly lower brightness; 3) 14 of the studied BCGs (16%) with no evident
associated galaxy are either certain, or probable, mergers. We conclude that in
\~80% (or more) BCGs from the studied sample, the SF bursts are triggered either
by tidal action of various strengths from other galaxies, or due to mergers of
low-mass galaxies. We briefly discuss the implications of our main conclusion
for evolutionary links of BCGs to other types of low-mass galaxies. Among the
``isolated'' BCGs (without a bright neighbour) 43+-10% are probably disturbed
by dwarf galaxies and 26+-8% have a merger morphology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 139 </DOCNO>
The leverage effect in financial markets: retarded volatility and market


  We investigate quantitatively the so-called leverage effect, which
corresponds to a negative correlation between past returns and future
volatility. For individual stocks, this correlation is moderate and decays
exponentially over 50 days, while for stock indices, it is much stronger but
decays faster. For individual stocks, the magnitude of this correlation has a
universal value that can be rationalized in terms of a new `retarded' model
which interpolates between a purely additive and a purely multiplicative
stochastic process. For stock indices a specific market panic phenomenon seems
to be necessary to account for the observed amplitude of the effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126167 </DOCNO>
The CANGAROO-III Project: Status report


  We report on the status of the construction of an array of four 10 m
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes for gamma-ray astronomy, near Woomera, in
South Australia -- the CANGAROO-III project. The first telescope of this array
is the upgraded version of the CANGAROO-II 7 m telescope and has been in
operation since March 2000. The second telescope, an improved version of the
first, is being constructed for installation in late 2001. Stereoscopic
observation of sub TeV gamma-rays with the two 10 m telescopes will begin in
2002 and the full array will be operational in 2004.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4778 </DOCNO>
Non-damped Acoustic Plasmon and Superconductivity in Single Wall Carbon


  We show that non-damped acoustic plasmons exist in single wall carbon
nanotubes (SWCNT) and propose that the non-damped acoustic plasmons may mediate
electron-electron attraction and result in superconductivity in the SWCNT. The
superconducting transition temperature Tc for the SWCNT (3,3) obtained by this
mechanism agrees with the recent experimental result (Z. K. Tang et al, Science
292, 2462(2001)). We also show that it is possible to get higher Tc up to 99 K
by doping the SWCNT (5,5).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4340 </DOCNO>
Bond-Stretching-Phonon Anomalies in Stripe-Ordered


  We report a neutron scattering study of bond-stretching phonons in
La(1.69)Sr(0.31)NiO(4), a doped antiferromagnet in which the added holes order
in diagonal stripes at 45 deg to the Ni-O bonds. For the highest-energy
longitudinal optical mode along the bonds, a softening of 20% is observed
between the Brillouin zone center and zone boundary. At 45 deg to the bonds, a
splitting of the same magnitude is found across much of the zone. Surprisingly,
the charge-ordering wave vector plays no apparent role in the anomalous
dispersions. The implications for related anomalies in the cuprates are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129664 </DOCNO>
X-ray Transients from X-ray Binaries to Gamma Ray Bursts


  We discuss three classes of x-ray transients to highlight three new types of
transients found with the Wide Field Cameras onboard BeppoSAX. First there are
the transients related to Low Mass X-ray Binaries in outburst, typically
lasting weeks to months and reaching luminosities of the Eddington limit for a
few solar masses. Recently another subclass of outbursts in such binaries has
been discovered, which are an order of magnitude fainter and last shorter than
typical hours to days. We discuss whether they constitute a separate subset of
x-ray binaries.
  A second class of x-ray transients are the x-ray bursts. Thermonuclear
explosions on a neutron star (type I x-ray bursts) usually last of order
minutes or less. We discovered a second type (called super x-ray bursts) with a
duration of several hours. They relate to thermonuclear detonations much deeper
in the neutron star atmosphere, possibly burning on the nuclear ashes of normal
x-ray bursts.
  The third class are the enigmatic Fast X-ray Transients occurring at all
galactic latitudes. We found that the bright ones are of two types only: either
nearby coronal sources (lasting hours) or the socalled x-ray flashes (lasting
minutes). The new class, the X-ray flashes, may be a new type of cosmic
explosion, intermediate between supernovae and gamma ray bursts, or they may be
highly redshifted gamma ray bursts.
  It thus appears that the three classes of x-ray transients each come in two
flavors: long and short.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85826 </DOCNO>
Centers of Mass and Rotational Kinematics for the Relativistic N-Body


  In the Wigner-covariant rest-frame instant form of dynamics it is possible to
develop a relativistic kinematics for the N-body problem. The Wigner
hyperplanes define the intrinsic rest frame and realize the separation of the
center-of-mass. Three notions of {\it external} relativistic center of mass can
be defined only in terms of the {\it external} Poincar\'e group realization.
Inside the Wigner hyperplane, an {\it internal} unfaithful realization of the
Poincar\'e group is defined. The three concepts of {\it internal} center of
mass weakly {\it coincide} and are eliminated by the rest-frame conditions. An
adapted canonical basis of relative variables is found. The invariant mass is
the Hamiltonian for the relative motions. In this framework we can introduce
the same {\it dynamical body frames}, {\it orientation-shape} variables, {\it
spin frame} and {\it canonical spin bases} for the rotational kinematics
developed for the non-relativistic N-body problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75579 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos, Oscillations, and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis


  The role of neutrinos in big bang nucleosynthesis is reviewed. Neutrino
oscillations in the early universe both in resonance and non-resonance case are
briefly discussed. BBN and supernova limits on heavy sterile neutrinos with the
mass in 10-100 MeV range are presented and compared with direct experimental
bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126021 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity of young brown dwarfs in Cha I


  How frequent are brown dwarf binaries? Do brown dwarfs have planets? Are
current theoretical pre-main-sequence evolutionary tracks valid down to the
substellar regime? - Any detection of a companion to a brown dwarf takes us one
step forward towards answering these basic questions of star formation.
  We report here on a search for spectroscopic and visual companions to young
brown dwarfs in the Cha I star forming cloud.
  Based on spectra taken with UVES at the VLT, we found significant radial
velocity (RV) variations for five bona-fide and candidate brown dwarfs in Cha
I. They can be caused by either a (substellar or planetary) companion or
stellar activity. A companion causing the detected RV variations would have
about a few Jupiter masses. We are planning further UVES observations in order
to explore the nature of the detected RV variations. We also found that the RV
dispersion is only ~ 2km/s indicating that there is probably no run-away brown
dwarf among them.
  Additionally a search for companions by direct imaging with the HST and SOFI
(NTT) has yielded to the detection of a few companion candidates in larger
orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83757 </DOCNO>
Computer validated proofs of a toolset for adaptable arithmetic


  Most existing implementations of multiple precision arithmetic demand that
the user sets the precision {\em a priori}. Some libraries are said adaptable
in the sense that they dynamically change the precision of each intermediate
operation individually to deliver the target accuracy according to the actual
inputs. We present in this text a new adaptable numeric core inspired both from
floating point expansions and from on-line arithmetic.
  The numeric core is cut down to four tools. The tool that contains arithmetic
operations is proved to be correct. The proofs have been formally checked by
the Coq assistant. Developing the proofs, we have formally proved many results
published in the literature and we have extended a few of them. This work may
let users (i) develop application specific adaptable libraries based on the
toolset and / or (ii) write new formal proofs based on the set of validated
facts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169306 </DOCNO>
Tight Bounds on Discrete Approximations of Quantum Gates


  Quantum compiling addresses the problem of approximating an arbitrary quantum
gate with a string of gates drawn from a particular finite set. It has been
shown that this is possible for almost all choices of base sets and furthermore
that the number of gates required for precision $\epsilon$ is only polynomial
in $\log 1/\epsilon$. Here we prove that quantum compiling requires a string
length that is linear in $\log 1/\epsilon$, a result which matches the lower
bound from counting volume up to constant factor. We leave open the problem of
efficiently achieving this bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73267 </DOCNO>
An Improved Parton Shower algorithm in QED


  An improved QED Parton Shower algorithm to calculate photonic radiative
corrections to QED processes at flavour factories is described. We consider the
possibility of performing photon generation in order to take into account also
the effects due to interference between initial and final state radiation.
Comparisons with exact order $\alpha$ results are shown and commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128421 </DOCNO>
Dubious Deductions from AGN Survey Data


  The participants in this meeting are almost all carrying out the hard work of
making many different types of AGN surveys. Since it's so much easier to
criticize other people's work than to do actual work myself, I'll just present
some demurs regarding recent papers drawing conclusions from various AGN survey
data. In particular I'll mention some questionable interpretations of surveys
of Seyfert 2 near-UV polarization; interpreting the results of searches for
polarized broad H-alpha lines in Seyfert 2s; testing the beam model for radio
galaxies and quasars; testing the unification of Seyfert spectral types with a
torus; and finally testing the energy sources for Ulirgs, especially those with
Liner optical spectra. Only the polarized broad H-alpha results are examined in
detail here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148108 </DOCNO>
Application of the Microlocal Analysis to a Superfield Model in


  In this paper, we apply the microlocal analysis to study the singularity
structure of the two-point function in a supersymmetric model formulated in
superspace language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6138 </DOCNO>
Zero-th law in structural glasses: an example


  We investigate the validity of a zeroth thermodynamic law for non-equilibrium
systems. In order to describe the thermodynamics of the glassy systems, it has
been introduced an extra parameter, the effective temperature which generalizes
the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) to off-equilibrium systems and
supposedly describes thermal fluctuations around the aging state. In particular
we analyze two coupled systems of harmonic oscillators with Monte Carlo
dynamics. We study in detail two types of dynamics: sequential dynamics, where
the coupling between the subsystems comes only from the Hamiltonian; and
parallel dynamics where there is another source of coupling: the dynamics. We
show how in the first case the effective temperatures of the two interacting
subsystems are different asymptotically due to the smallness of the thermal
conductivity in the aging regime. This explains why, in structural glasses,
different interacting degrees of freedom can stay at different effective
temperatures, and never thermalize.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74326 </DOCNO>
Precision Determination of the Pion Form Factor and Calculation of the


  We perform a new calculation of the hadronic contributions, $a({\rm
Hadronic})$ to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $a_\mu$. For the low
energy contributions of order $\alpha^2$ we carry over an analysis of the pion
form factor $F_\pi(t)$ using recent data both on $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ and
$\tau^+\to \bar{\nu}_\tau \pi^+\pi^0$. In this analysis we take into account
that the phase of the form factor is equal to that of $\pi\pi$ scattering. This
allows us to profit fully from analyticity properties so we can use also
experimental information on $F_\pi(t)$ at spacelike $t$. At higher energy we
use QCD to supplement experimental data, including the recent measurements of
$e^+e^-\to {\rm hadrons}$ both around 1 GeV and near the $\bar{c}c$ threshold.
This yields a precise determination of the $O(\alpha^2)$ and
$O(\alpha^2)+O(\alpha^3)$ hadronic part of the photon vacuum polarization
pieces, $$10^{11}\times a^{(2)}({\rm h.v.p.})=6 909\pm64;\quad 10^{11}\times
a^{(2+3)}({\rm h.v.p.})=7 002\pm66$$ As byproducts we also get the masses and
widths of the $\rho^0, \rho^+$, and very accurate values for the charge radius
and second coefficient of the pion. Adding the remaining order $\alpha^3$
hadronic contributions we find $$10^{11}\times a^{\rm theory}(\hbox{Hadronic})=
6 993\pm69\quad(e^+e^- + \tau + {\rm spacel.})$$ The figures given are obtained
including $\tau$ decay data. This is to be compared with the recent
experimental value, $$10^{11}\times a^{\rm exp.}(\hbox{Hadronic})=7
174\pm150.$$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113979 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory and Phylogenetic Branching


  A calculational framework is proposed for phylogenetics, using nonlocal
quantum field theories in hypercubic geometry. Quadratic terms in the
Hamiltonian give the underlying Markov dynamics, while higher degree terms
represent branching events. The spatial dimension L is the number of leaves of
the evolutionary tree under consideration. Momentum conservation modulo
${\mathbb Z}_{2}^{times L}$ in $L \leftarrow 1$ scattering corresponds to tree
edge labelling using binary L-vectors. The bilocal quadratic term allows for
momentum-dependent rate constants - only the tree(s) compatible with selected
nonzero edge rates contribute to the branching probability distribution.
Applications to models of evolutionary branching processes are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98879 </DOCNO>
Darboux's Theorem and Quantisation


  It has been established that endowing classical phase space with a Riemannian
metric is sufficient for describing quantum mechanics. In this letter we argue
that, while sufficient, the above condition is certainly not necessary in
passing from classical to quantum mechanics. Instead, our approach to quantum
mechanics is modelled on a statement that closely resembles Darboux's theorem
for symplectic manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148026 </DOCNO>
Quark-Antiquark Potential for Siegel Strings


  We compute the quark-antiquark potential employing the continuum action for
QCD-like random lattice strings proposed by Siegel. The model leads to a
potential similar to those obtained from Nambu-Goto string theory but has some
modifications which we interpret as velocity dependent contributions. We also
propose to add extra terms in the action which lead to physically interesting
propagators for partons for the infrared region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3038 </DOCNO>
Broken-Bond Rule for the Surface Energies of Noble Metals


  Using two different full-potential ab-initio techniques we introduce a
simple, universal rule based on the number of broken first-neighbor bonds to
determine the surface energies of the three noble metals Cu, Ag and Au. When a
bond is broken, the rearrangement of the electronic charge for these metals
does not lead to a change of the remaining bonds. Thus the energy needed to
break a bond is independent of the surface orientation. This novel finding can
lead to the development of simple models to describe the energetics of a
surface like step and kink formation, crystal growth, alloy formation,
equilibrium shape of mesoscopic crystallites and surface faceting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83798 </DOCNO>
The Role of Incentives for Opening Monopoly Markets: Comparing GTE and


  While the 1996 Telecommunications Act requires all incumbent local telephone
companies to cooperate with local entrants, section 271 of the Act provides the
Bell companies (but not GTE) additional incentives to cooperate. Using an
original data set, I compare the negotiations of AT&T, as a local entrant, with
GTE and with the Bell companies in states where both operate. My results
suggest that the differential incentives matter: The Bells accommodate entry
more than does GTE, as evidenced in quicker agreements, less litigation, and
more favorable prices offered for network access. Consistent with this, there
is more entry into Bell territories

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123722 </DOCNO>
The Initial Mass Function of the Most Massive Starforming Regions


  The stellar initial mass function (IMF) describes how many stars form at
which mass. Despite recent observational progress, many fundamental properties
of the IMF are still unknown. Specifically the question, whether starbursts are
biased towards the formation of more massive stars, is controversially
discussed in the literature. This presentation gives an overview of how the
Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) will contribute to answering this question. I
will present (a) the status quo of the IMF research in starbursts, (b) the
importance of direct star counts in nearby templates, (c) the need for
spectroscopy, (d) the advantage of the LBT over its competitors, and (e) what
additional instrumentation I would like to see at the LBT for the proper
investigation of the most massive starforming regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1851 </DOCNO>
Whispering gallery modes in open quantum billiards


  The poles of the S-matrix and the wave functions of open 2D quantum billiards
with convex boundary of different shape are calculated by the method of complex
scaling. Two leads are attached to the cavities. The conductance of the
cavities is calculated at energies with one, two and three open channels in
each lead. Bands of overlapping resonance states appear which are localized
along the convex boundary of the cavities and contribute coherently to the
conductance. These bands correspond to the whispering gallery modes appearing
in the classical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7467 </DOCNO>
A Novel Probe of a Glass Forming Liquid: Generalized Compressibility


  We introduce a new quantity to probe the glass transition. This quantity is a
linear generalized compressibility which depends solely on the positions of the
particles. We have performed a molecular dynamics simulation on a glass forming
liquid consisting of a two component mixture of soft spheres in three
dimensions. As the temperature is lowered, the generalized compressibility
drops sharply at the glass transition, with the drop becoming more and more
abrupt as the measurement time increases. At our longest measurement times, the
drop occurs approximately at the mode coupling temperature $T_C$. Similar
behavior is seen with increasing density. The behavior of the linear
generalized compressibility is in keeping with with the specific heat and the
inherent structure energy. Our results are consistent with the kinetic view of
the glass transition in which the system falls out of equilibrium, but not with
an underlying second order phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2105 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Temperature for Open Boson and Fermion Systems


  The effective theory of an open boson or fermion system is studied, which
evolves out of equilibrium with time-dependent Hamiltonian $\hat{H}(t)$. A
measure of nonequilibrium temperature for the open system evolving from an
equilibrium is proposed as the time-averaged energy expectation value $T(t) =
T_i(\overline{< \hat{H} (t) >_{\Psi}}/ \overline{< \hat{I} (t) >_{\Psi}})$,
where $\hat{I} (t)$, the action operator, satisfies the quantum Liouville-von
Neumann equation and determines the true density operator. It recovers the
result for the adiabatic (quasi-equilibrium) and nonadiabatic (out of
equilibrium) evolution from one static Hamiltonian to another and takes into
account the particle production due to the intermediate processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114341 </DOCNO>
Speculations on a Unified Theory of Matter and Mind


  Physics is so successful today in understanding the nature of matter. What
can it say about mind ? Is it possible to have a unified theory of matter and
mind within the framework of modern science ? Is Consciousness an accident or
is it a natural consequence of laws of nature ? Are these laws of nature the
same as the laws of physics ? We make an attempt here to unify mind with matter
based on an extended formalism borrowed from Quantum theory where information
plays a more fundamental role than matter or thought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127538 </DOCNO>
REM Optical Slitless Spectrograph (ROSS): an instrument for prompt low


  Since the discovery of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), attempts have been made to
detect correlated optical transient emission from these objects. In January
1999, the ROTSE I robotic telescope detected a bright optical flash
simultaneous with a GRB, thanks to the prompt dissemination to the ground of
the high energy event coordinates. To date, that single observation remains
unique as no other prompt flashes have been seen for other bursts observed with
comparably short response times. This suggests that in general GRB prompt
optical emission may be considerably dimmer than observed for the GRB990123
event. To exploit the better angular localization accuracy of the flying
(HETE-2) or soon to fly (INTEGRAL, AGILE, SWIFT, GLAST) missions for high
energy astrophysics, a new generation of robotic telescopes is being developed.
These will have response times as short as a few seconds and will be sensitive
to signals as faint as m_v ~ 20, thus increasing the chance of detecting even
weak prompt emission. Results from these experiments should provide important
new data about the dynamics and local medium composition of GRBs. In this paper
we describe one of the new instruments, ROSS, to be mounted on the robotic
facility REM, designed to perform low resolution spectroscopy on the prompt
optical flares associated with GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169482 </DOCNO>
The Wave Theory of the Field


  As a substitute for the current hypothesis of space-time continuity, we show
the nature and the characteristics of a Schild's discrete space-time. With the
wave perturbations of its metrical structure we formulate the working
hypothesis that all subatomic particles are elementary sources of spherical
waves constituting on the whole the mass fields, the electromagnetic and the
nuclear field we attribute to the particles. The explicative effectiveness of
the new wave unification between quantum mechanics and general relativity is
shown by a wave interpretation of three experimental phenomena that lie
different physics: astrophysics, optics and quantum physics. A further use of
wave Compton effect leads us to discover a mechanism of wave resonance which is
able to verify the possible existence of a source of elementary waves that
shows a wave model of electron and all the particles. The wave nature of masses
and the generalized effect of a Relative Symmetry Principle leads us to
consider the inertia as a local consequence of the wave structure of bodies.
The same changeable wave model used for explaining inertia it is also valid to
show a quantized gravitational interaction and the wave nature of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174845 </DOCNO>
The Finuda Experiment: Status and Perspectives


  FINUDA is a hypernuclear physics experiment that will be carried out at
DA$\Phi$NE, the $e^+e^-$ $\phi$-factory currently in operation at the INFN
Frascati Laboratory. The apparatus, which is assembled in the DA$\Phi$NE hall,
consists of a magnetic spectrometer with high resolution tracking capabilities.
In this paper the status of the experiment is presented, together with the main
features of the apparatus and of its physics program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5999 </DOCNO>
The Race to Beat the Cuprates


  Recent results reported in Science by Schon et al. using field-effect doping
to study ladders and fullerenes are here described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77041 </DOCNO>
New method for calculating helicity amplitudes of jet--like QED


  Inelastic QED processes, the cross sections of which do not drop with
increasing energy, play an important role at high-energy colliders. Such
reactions have the form of two-jet processes with the exchange of a virtual
photon in the t-channel. We consider them in the region of small scattering
angles $m/E \lesssim \theta \ll 1$, which yields the dominant contribution to
their total cross sections. A new effective method is presented and applied to
QED processes with emission of real photons to calculate the helicity
amplitudes of these processes. Its basic idea is similar to the well-known
equivalent-lepton method. Compact analytical expressions for those amplitudes
up to $e^8$ are derived omitting only terms of the order of $m^2/E^2,
\theta^2$, $\theta m/E$ and higher order. The helicity amplitudes are presented
in a compact form in which large compensating terms are already cancelled. Some
common properties for all jet-like processes are found and we discuss their
origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2852 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic entanglement in Josephson nanocircuits


  We propose a scheme to generate and detect entanglement between charge states
in superconducting nanocircuits. We discuss different procedures to
discriminate such entanglement from classical correlations. The case of
maximally entangled states of two and three coupled Josephson junctions is
discussed as example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97594 </DOCNO>
Minimal surfaces in the Heisenberg group


  We investigate the minimal surface problem in the three dimensional
Heisenberg group, H, equipped with its standard Carnot-Caratheodory metric.
Using a particular surface measure, we characterize minimal surfaces in terms
of a sub-elliptic partial differential equation and prove an existence result
for the Plateau problem in this setting. Further, we provide a link between our
minimal surfaces and Riemannian constant mean curvature surfaces in H equipped
with different Riemannian metrics approximating the Carnot-Caratheodory metric.
We generate a large library of examples of minimal surfaces and use these to
show that the solution to the Plateau problem need not be unique. Moreover, we
show that the minimal surfaces we construct are in fact X-minimal surfaces in
the sense of Garofalo and Nhieu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1443 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties of magnetically textured Bi-2212 ceramics


  This paper aims at reporting magnetic properties of bulk polycrystalline
Bi2Sr2Ca0.8Dy0.2Cu2O8-y samples textured under a magnetic field. The
microstructure of these materials is highly anisotropic and exhibits particular
features needed to be taken into account in order to interpret their magnetic
and electrical properties. First the AC magnetic susceptibility c = c ' - j c"
has been measured for several magnetic fields (H // ab and H // c) and compared
to the electrical resistivity data. The structure of the c" peak is shown to be
related to the chemical content distribution of the superconducting grains.
Next, the magnetic flux profiles have been extracted from the magnetic
measurements using the Campbell - Rollins procedure. The anisotropy of the flux
profiles and their peculiar curvature behaviour for H // c point out the role
of both grain platelet structure and the presence of secondary phases. From
these results, we conclude that the magnetic properties of such magnetically
textured materials do not allow for a reliable extraction of the critical
current density Jc but essentially probe geometric effects. Such effects have
to be taken into account for improving the manufacture of attractive high-Tc
materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124192 </DOCNO>
Mushroom-Shaped Structures as Tracers of Buoyant Flow in the Galactic


  Recent HI emission observations of the Southern Galactic hemisphere have
revealed a mushroom-like structure extending from z=-70 to -450 pc, composed of
a stem and a cap. Similar structures occur in three-dimensional simulations of
a dynamic galactic disk driven by isolated and clustered supernovae. Using
these simulations, we show that hot gas in the Galactic disk that is not
evacuated through chimneys expands into the cooler gas of the thick disk,
forming mushroom-shaped structures. This new class of objects traces buoyant
flow of hot gas into the thick disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73409 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Decay Matrix Elements from Lattice QCD


  We present a GUT-model-independent calculation of hadron matrix elements for
all dimension-six operators associated with baryon number violating processes
using lattice QCD. Our results cover all the matrix elements required to
estimate the partial lifetimes of (proton,neutron)$\to$($\pi,K,\eta$) +(${\bar
\nu},e^+,\mu^+$) decay modes. We point out the necessity of disentangling two
form factors that contribute to the matrix elements; previous calculations did
not make the separation, which led to an underestimate of the physical matrix
elements. With a correct separation, we find that the matrix elements have
values 3-5 times larger than the smallest estimates employed in
phenomenological analyses of the nucleon decays, which gives stronger
constraints on GUT models. We also find that the values of the matrix elements
are comparable with the tree-level predictions of chiral Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97442 </DOCNO>
Characterizing the projective space after Cho, Miyaoka and


  In this paper we give a short and elementary proof of a characterization of
the projective space in terms of rational curves which was conjectured by Mori
and Mukai. A proof was first given in a preprint by K. Cho, Y. Miyaoka and N.
Shepherd-Barron. While our proof here is shorter and involves substantial
technical simplifications, the essential ideas are taken from that preprint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5148 </DOCNO>
Fingerprints of nonextensive thermodynamics in a long-range Hamiltonian


  We study the dynamics of a Hamiltonian system of N classical spins with
infinite-range interaction. We present numerical results which confirm the
existence of metaequilibrium Quasi Stationary States (QSS), characterized by
non-Gaussian velocity distributions, anomalous diffusion, L\'evy walks and
dynamical correlation in phase-space. We show that the Thermodynamic Limit (TL)
and the Infinite-Time Limit (ITL) do not commute. Moreover, if the TL is taken
before the ITL the system does not relax to the Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium,
but remains in this new equilibrium state where nonextensive thermodynamics
seems to apply.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96203 </DOCNO>
Polarizations and Grothendieck's Standard Conjectures


  We prove that Grothendieck's Hodge standard conjecture holds for abelian
varieties in arbitrary characteristic if the Hodge conjecture holds for complex
abelian varieties of CM-type. For abelian varieties with no exotic algebraic
classes, we prove the Hodge standard conjecture unconditionally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95606 </DOCNO>
Formality of equivariant intersection cohomology


  We present several approaches to equivariant intersection cohomology. We show
that for a complete algebraic variety acted by a connected algebraic group $G$
it is a free module over $H^*(BG)$. The result follows from the decomposition
theorem or from a weight argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5279 </DOCNO>
Novel features of Josephson flux-flow in Bi-2212: contribution of


  We studied Josephson flux-flow (JFF) in Bi-2212 stacks fabricated from single
crystal whiskers by focused ion beam technique. For long junctions with the
in-plane sizes 30 x 2 (mu)m^2, we found considerable contribution of the
in-plane dissipation to the JFF resistivity, (rho)_(Jff), at low temperatures.
According to recent theory [A. Koshelev, Phys. Rev. B62, R3616 (2000)] that
results in quadratic type dependence of (rho)_(Jff)(B) with the following
saturation. The I-V characteristics in JFF regime also can be described
consistently by that theory. In JFF regime we found Shapiro-step response to
the external mm-wave radiation. The step position is proportional to the
frequency of applied microwaves and corresponds to the Josephson emission from
all the 60 intrinsic junctions of the stack being synchronized. That implies
the coherence of the JFF over the whole thickness of the stack and demonstrates
possibility of synchronization of intrinsic junctions by magnetic field. We
also found a threshold character of an appearance of the JFF branch on the I-V
characteristic with the increase of magnetic field, the threshold field B_t
being scaled with the junction size perpendicular to the field L (L = 30-1.4
(mu)m), as B_t = (Phi)_0/Ls, where (Phi)_0 is flux quantum, s is the interlayer
spacing. On the I-V characteristics of small stacks in the JFF regime we found
Fiske-step features associated with resonance of Josephson radiation with the
main resonance cavity mode in transmission line formed by stack.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126894 </DOCNO>
Supernova OH (1720 MHz) Masers in Sgr A East, W28 and G359.1-0.5


  A new class of OH (1720 MHz) masers unaccompanied by main-line transitions
have recently been discovered (Frail, Goss and Slysh 1994). These masers lie at
the interface between supernova remnants (SNRs) interacting with molecular
clouds. We discuss three new aspects of SN masers found in the direction toward
the Galactic center: (i) the detection of a new --130 \kms OH (1720 MHz) maser
in the southern lobe of the molecular ring at the Galactic center, (ii) the
detection of extended OH (1720 MHz) maser emission from W28 accompanying the
compact maser sources and (iii) the detection of linear polarization of the
brightest OH (1720 MHz) maser in SNR G359.1--0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6935 </DOCNO>
Multi-patch model for transport properties of cuprate superconductors


  A number of normal state transport properties of cuprate superconductors are
analyzed in detail using the Boltzmann equation. The momentum dependence of the
electronic structure and the strong momentum anisotropy of the electronic
scattering are included in a phenomenological way via a multi-patch model. The
Brillouin zone and the Fermi surface are divided in regions where scattering
between the electrons is strong and the Fermi velocity is low (hot patches) and
in regions where the scattering is weak and the Fermi velocity is large (cold
patches). We present several motivations for this phenomenology starting from
various microscopic approaches. A solution of the Boltzmann equation in the
case of N patches is obtained and an expression for the distribution function
away from equilibrium is given. Within this framework, and limiting our
analysis to the two patches case, the temperature dependence of resistivity,
thermoelectric power, Hall angle, magnetoresistance and thermal Hall
conductivity are studied in a systematic way analyzing the role of the patch
geometry and the temperature dependence of the scattering rates. In the case of
Bi-based cuprates, using ARPES data for the electronic structure, and assuming
an inter-patch scattering between hot and cold states with a linear temperature
dependence, a reasonable agreement with the available experiments is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95545 </DOCNO>
Topological and Symbolic Dynamics for Axiom A Diffeomorphisms with Holes


  We consider an Axiom A diffeomorphism and the invariant set $\Omega$ of
orbits which never falls into a fixed hole. We study various aspects of the
complexity of the symbolic representation of $\Omega$. Our main result are that
each topologically transitive component of $\Omega$ is coded and that typically
$\Omega$ is of finite type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81219 </DOCNO>
Properties of a New Class of Lattice Dirac Operators


  A new class of lattice Dirac operators $D$ have been recently proposed on the
basis of the generalized Ginsparg-Wilson relation, $\gamma_5(\gamma_5 D) +
(\gamma_5 D)\gamma_5 =2a^{2k+1}(\gamma_5 D)^{2k+2}$, where $k$ is a
non-negative integer. We discuss the index theorem and locality properties for
this general class of lattice Dirac operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174690 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of superdeformed Pb isotopes


  Using the spectrometer arrays GAMMASPHERE and EUROBALL a detailed
spectroscopy of superdeformed 193Pb and 196Pb has been performed. In 193Pb nine
superdeformed bands are now known and their quasiparticle assignments are
discussed. In 196Pb evidence for an octupole vibrational excitation is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95905 </DOCNO>
On the Motion of Zeros of Zeta Functions


  The motion in the complex plane of the zeros to various zeta functions is
investigated numerically. First the Hurwitz zeta function is considered and an
accurate formula for the distribution of its zeros is suggested. Then functions
which are linear combinations of different Hurwitz zeta functions, and have a
symmetric distribution of their zeros with respect to the critical line, are
examined. Finally the existence of the hypothetical non-trivial Riemann zeros
with $Re(s)\neq 1/2$ is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123962 </DOCNO>
Binary Population Synthesis: Methods, Normalization, and Surprises


  In this paper we present a brief overview of population synthesis methods
with a discussion of their main advantages and disadvantages. In the second
part, we present some recent results from synthesis models of close binary
compact objects with emphasis on the predicted rates, their uncertainties, and
the model input parameters the rates are most sensitive to. We also report on a
new evolutionary path leading to the formation of close double neutron stars
(NS), with the unique characteristic that none of the two NS ever had the
chance to be recycled by accretion. Their formation rates turn out to be
comparable to or maybe even higher than those of recycled NS-NS binaries (like
the ones observed), but their detection probability as binary pulsars is much
smaller because of their short lifetimes. We discuss the implications of such a
population for gravitational-wave detection of NS-NS inspiral events, and
possibly for gamma-ray bursts and their host galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148260 </DOCNO>
An open bosonic string with one end fixed


  We study a bosonic string with one end free and the other confined to a
D-brane. Only the odd oscillator modes are allowed, which leads to a Virasoro
algebra of even Virasoro modes only. The theory is quantized in a gauge where
world-sheet time and ordinary time are identified. There are no negative or
null norm states, and no tachyon. The Regge slope is twice that of the open
string; this can serve as a test of the usefulness of the the model as a
semi-quantitative description of mesons with one light and one extremely heavy
quark when such higher spin mesons are found. The Virasoro conditions select
specific SO(D-1) irreps. The asymptotic density of states can be estimated by
adapting the Hardy-Ramanujan analysis to a partition of odd integers; the
estimate becomes exact as D goes to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174856 </DOCNO>
Spallation Neutron Production by 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 GeV Protons on various


  Spallation neutron production in proton induced reactions on Al, Fe, Zr, W,
Pb and Th targets at 1.2 GeV and on Fe and Pb at 0.8, and 1.6 GeV measured at
the SATURNE accelerator in Saclay is reported. The experimental
double-differential cross-sections are compared with calculations performed
with different intra-nuclear cascade models implemented in high energy
transport codes. The broad angular coverage also allowed the determination of
average neutron multiplicities above 2 MeV. Deficiencies in some of the models
commonly used for applications are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124356 </DOCNO>
The effect of stellar activity on the LiI 6708, NaI 5896 and KI 7699 \AA


  An analytical model has been developed to empirically study the effects of
stellar spots and faculae on the observed equivalent widths of Li {\sc i} 6708,
Na {\sc i} 5896 and K {\sc i} 7699 \AA lines (and abundances in the case of
lithium) in late-type stars, taking into account the changes in the observed
magnitudes and colors. Solar spectra corresponding to different active regions
are used as input data and a range of filling factors are applied to simulate
the surfaces of stars with different levels of activity. Detailed comparisons
between predicted and observed photometric colors and equivalent widths are
made for late-type stars of the Pleiades and the field. The observed
dispersions in K {\sc i} and Li {\sc i} equivalent widths for Pleiades stars
can be partially accounted by the simultaneous effects of activity on colors
and the line formation, indicating that the lithium-rotation connection
suggested for ~0.7-0.9 Msun Pleiades stars could be due in part to the stellar
activity. However, under realistic values for the filling factors, only a small
portion of the observed spread could be explained by these effects

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3288 </DOCNO>
A stroll in the energy landscape


  We review recent results on the potential energy landscape (PES) of model
liquids. The role of saddle-points in the PES in connecting dynamics to statics
is investigated, confirming that a change between minima-dominated and
saddle-dominated regions of the PES explored in equilibrium happens around the
Mode Coupling Temperature. The structure of the low-energy saddles in the
basins is found to be simple and hierarchically organized; the presence of
saddles nearby in energy to the local minima indicates that, at non-cryogenic
temperatures, entropic bottlenecks limit the dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73360 </DOCNO>
Ultrahigh-Energy Neutrino-Nucleon Cross Sections and Perturbative


  Unitarity relates the total cross section for neutrino-nucleon scattering to
the neutrino-nucleon forward scattering amplitude. Assuming the validity of the
perturbative expansion of the forward amplitude in the {\em weak} coupling
constant, we derive a unitarity bound on the inelastic cross section. The
inelastic cross section saturates this bound at a typical neutrino energy
$E_\nu \simeq 10^8 {\rm GeV}$. This implies that calculations of the inelastic
cross section that use current parton distribution functions and lowest order
weak perturbation theory are unreliable above this energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149063 </DOCNO>
On the Hamiltonian Description of Fluid Mechanics


  We suggest the Hamiltonian approach for fluid mechanics based on the
dynamics, formulated in terms of Lagrangian variables. The construction of the
canonical variables of the fluid sheds a light of the origin of Clebsh
variables, introduced in the previous century. The developed formalism permits
to relate the circulation conservation (Tompson theorem) with the invariance of
the theory with respect to special diffiomorphisms and establish also the new
conservation laws. We discuss also the difference of the Eulerian and
Lagrangian description, pointing out the incompleteness of the first. The
constructed formalism is also applicable for ideal plasma. We conclude with
several remarks on the quantization of the fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124936 </DOCNO>
The Large-Scale Structure and Environment of HoII


  Neutral hydrogen VLA D-array observations of the dwarf irregular galaxy HoII,
a prototype galaxy for studies of shell formation and self-propagating star
formation, are presented. The large-scale HI morphology is reminiscent of ram
pressure and is unlikely caused by interactions. A case is made for intragroup
gas in poor and compact groups similar to the M81 group, to which HoII belongs.
Numerous shortcomings of the supernova explosions and stellar winds scenario to
create the shells in HoII are highlighted, and it is suggested that ram
pressure may be able to reconcile the numerous observations available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127503 </DOCNO>
Supernovae in Deep Hubble Space Telescope Galaxy Cluster Fields: Cluster


  We have searched for high-redshift supernova (SN) candidates in multiple deep
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archival images of nine galaxy-cluster fields. We
detect six apparent SNe, with I814 between 21.6 and 28.4 mag. There is roughly
1 SN per deep (flux limit I814 > 26 mag), doubly-imaged, WFPC2 cluster field.
Two SNe are associated with cluster galaxies (at redshifts z=0.18 and z=0.83),
three are probably in galaxies not in the clusters (at z=0.49, z=0.60, and
z=0.98), and one is at unknown z. After accounting for observational
efficiencies and uncertainties (statistical and systematic) we derive the rate
of type-Ia SNe within the projected central 500 kpc of rich clusters:
R=0.20(+0.84)(-0.19) SNu in clusters at z=0.18 to 0.37, and
R=0.41(+1.23)(-0.39) SNu in clusters at z=0.83 to 1.27 (95 per cent confidence
interval; H_0=50; 1 SNu = 1 SN per century per 10^10 L_B_sun). Combining the
two redshift bins, the SN rate at a mean redshift of z=0.41 is R(z=0.41) =
0.30(+0.58)(-0.28) SNu. The upper bounds argue against SNe-Ia being the
dominant source of the large iron mass observed in the intra-cluster medium. We
also compare our observed counts of field SNe (i.e., non-cluster SNe of all
types) to recent model predictions. The observed field count is zero or one SN
with I814 < 26 mag, and 1 to 3 SNe with I814 < 27 mag. These counts are about
two times lower than some of the predictions. Since the counts at these
magnitudes are likely dominated by type-II SNe, our observations may suggest
obscuration of distant SNe-II, or a SN-II luminosity distribution devoid of a
large high-luminosity tail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168047 </DOCNO>
Extending the Fisher metric to density matrices


  Chentsov studied Riemannian metrics on the set of probability measures from
the point of view of decision theory. He proved that up to a constant factor
the Fisher information is the only metric which is monotone under stochastic
transformations. The present paper deals with monotone metrics on the space of
finite density matrices on the basis motivated by quantum mechanics. A
characterization of those metrics is given in terms of operator monotone
functions. Several concrete metrics are constructed and analyzed, in
particular, instead of the uniqueness in the probabilistic case, there is a
large class of monotone metrics. Some of those appeared already in the physics
literature a long time ago. A limiting procedure to pure states is discussed as
well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95701 </DOCNO>
Logarithmic Jets and Hyperbolicity


  We prove that the complement of a very generic curve of degree $d$ at least
equal to 15 in the projective plane is hyperbolic in the sens of Kobayashi
(here, the terminology ``very generic'' refers to complements of countable
unions of proper algebraic subsets of the parameter space). We first consider
the Dethloff and Lu's generalisation to the logarithmic situation of Demailly's
jet bundles. We study their base loci for surfaces of log-general type in the
same way as it was done in the compact case by Demailly and El Goul. With some
condition on log-Chern classes, any entire holomorphic map to the surface can
be lifted as a leaf of some foliation on a ramified covering. Then we obtain a
logarithmic analogue of McQuillan's result on holomorphic foliations which
permits to conclude. Using the logarithmic formalism, we even obtain some
simplifications of the original proof in McQuillan's work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126848 </DOCNO>
A list of peculiar velocities of RFGC galaxies


  A list of radial velocities, HI line widths and peculiar velocities of 1327
galaxies from the RFGC catalogue has been compiled using actual observations
and literature data. The list can be used for studying bulk motions of
galaxies, construction of the field of peculiar velocities and other tasks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168216 </DOCNO>
A Simple and Convenient Measure of NMR Rotor Fidelity


  We describe a simple scheme for calculating the fidelity of a composite pulse
when considered as a universal rotor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75269 </DOCNO>
A non-resonant dark-side solution to the solar neutrino problem


  We re-analyse spin-flavour precession solutions to the solar neutrino problem
in the light of the recent SNO CC result as well as the 1258--day
Super-Kamiokande data and the upper limit on solar anti-neutrinos. In a
self-consistent magneto-hydrodynamics approach the resulting scheme has only 3
effective parameters: $\Delta m^2$, $\mu B_\perp$ and the neutrino mixing angle
$\theta$. We show how a rates-only analysis for fixed $\mu B_\perp$ slightly
favours spin-flavour precession (SFP) solutions over oscillations (OSC). In
addition to the resonant solution (RSFP for short), there is a new non-resonant
solution (NRSFP) in the ``dark-side''. Both RSFP and NRSFP lead to flat recoil
energy spectra in excellent agreement with the latest SuperKamiokande data. We
also show that in the presence of a neutrino transition magnetic moment of
$10^{-11}$ Bohr magneton, a magnetic field of 80 KGauss eliminates all large
mixing solutions other than the so-called LMA solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127222 </DOCNO>
Dynamo action by differential rotation in a stably stratified stellar


  Magnetic fields can be created in stably stratified (non-convective) layers
in a differentially rotating star. A magnetic instability in the toroidal field
(wound up by differential rotation) replaces the role of convection in closing
the field amplification loop. Tayler instability is likely to be the most
relevant magnetic instability. A dynamo model is developed from these
ingredients, and applied to the problem of angular momentum transport in
stellar interiors. It produces a prodominantly horizontal field. This dynamo
process might account for the observed pattern of rotation in the solar core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125916 </DOCNO>
Tests of a Structure for Quasars


  The model I recently proposed for the structure of quasars (astro-ph/0008064)
claims to unify all the emission, absorption and reflection phenomenology of
quasars and AGN, and so is heavily overconstrained and readily tested.
  Here I concentrate on how the model has performed against tests since
publication - with many of the tests being reported at this meeting. I then
begin to explore how these and future tests can discriminate between this wind
model and 3 well-defined alternatives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128354 </DOCNO>
Local Axisymmetric Simulations of Magneto-Rotational Instability in


  We perform numerical simulations of magneto-rotational instability in a local
patch of accretion disk in which radiation pressure exceeds gas pressure. Such
conditions may occur in the central regions of disks surrounding compact
objects in active galactic nuclei and Galactic X-ray sources. We assume
axisymmetry, and neglect vertical stratification. The growth rates of the
instability on initially uniform magnetic fields are consistent with the linear
analysis of Blaes & Socrates 2001. As is the case when radiation effects are
neglected, the non-linear development of the instability leads to transitory
turbulence when the initial magnetic field has no net vertical flux. During the
turbulent phase, angular momentum is transported outwards. The Maxwell stress
is a few times the Reynolds stress, and their sum is about four times the mean
pressure in the vertical component of the magnetic field. For magnetic pressure
exceeding gas pressure, turbulent fluctuations in the field produce density
contrasts about equal to the ratio of magnetic to gas pressure. These are many
times larger than in the corresponding gas pressure dominated situation, and
may have profound implications for the steady-state vertical structure of
radiation-dominated disks. Diffusion of radiation from compressed regions damps
turbulent motions, converting kinetic energy into photon energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98959 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of Dirac and Schrodinger equations for a large class of


  We obtain exact solutions of Dirac equation at zero kinetic energy for radial
power-law relativistic potentials. It turns out that these are the relativistic
extension of a subclass of exact solutions of Schrodinger equation with
two-term power-law potentials at zero energy. The latter is solved by point
canonical transformation of the exactly solvable problem of the three
dimensional oscillator. The wavefunction solutions are written in terms of the
confluent hypergeometric functions and almost always square integrable. For
most cases these solutions support bound states at zero energy. Some
exceptional unbounded states are normalizable for non-zero angular momentum.
Using a generalized definition, degeneracy of the nonrelativistic states is
demonstrated and the associated degenerate observable is defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124558 </DOCNO>
Quantitative Analysis of the Void Size Distribution in the LCRS and in


  We have analyzed the size distribution of voids in 2D slices of the Las
Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS). The characteristic sizes show a scaling $D =
D_0 + \nu\lambda$ with the mean galaxy separation $\lambda$. Comparison with
mock samples of the LCRS in 2D and 3D, using various simulations, cosmologies
and galaxy identification schemes, gives a similar scaling, but with steeper
slope and a lack of large voids. Best results are obtained for dark matter
halos in a $\Lambda$CDM model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7050 </DOCNO>
Election results and the Sznajd model on Barabasi network


  The network of Barabasi and Albert, a preferential growth model where a new
node is linked to the old ones with a probability proportional to their
connectivity, is applied to Brazilian election results. The application of the
Sznajd rule, that only agreeing pairs of people can convince their neighbours,
gives a vote distribution in good agreement with reality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3310 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic and magnetic mirages of impurities in nanoscopic systems


  We present exact results for magnetic impurities in nanoscopic systems with
focusing properties. We analyze the spectroscopic and magnetic properties of
Kondo, intermediate valence and magnetic impurities on a sphere with a metallic
surface. Exact calculations show the occurrence of spectroscopic and magnetic
mirages at the antipodes of the impurity location. Comparison with calculations
performed using effective models validates previous calculations of
spectroscopic mirages. Our results can be extended to other systems with
focusing properties like quantum corrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124039 </DOCNO>
Surprises from a deep ASCA spectrum of a Broad Absorption Line Quasar


  We present a deep ($\sim$85 ksec) ASCA observation of the prototype Broad
Absorption Line Quasar (BALQSO) PHL 5200. This is the best X-ray spectrum of a
BALQSO yet. We find that (1) the source is not intrinsically X-ray weak, (2)
the line of sight absorption is very strong with N_H=5 x 10^{23} cm^{-2}, (3)
the absorber does not cover the source completely; the covering fraction is
about 90%. This is consistent with the large optical polarization observed in
this source, implying multiple lines of sight. The most surprising result of
this observation is that (4) the spectrum of this BALQSO is not exactly
similar to other radio-quiet quasars. The hard X-ray spectrum of PHL 5200 is
steep with the power-law spectral index alpha ~1.5. This is similar to the
steepest hard X-ray slopes observed so far. At low redshifts, such steep slopes
are observed in narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies, believed to be accreting at a
high Eddington rate. This observation strengthens the analogy between BALQSOs
and NLS1 galaxies and supports the hypothesis that BALQSOs represent an early
evolutionary state of quasars (Mathur 2000). It is well accepted that the
orientation to the line of sight determines the appearance of a quasar; age
seems to play a significant role as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127854 </DOCNO>
The Spectroscopic Orbital Period of HD 45166


  HD 45166 was selected as a candidate to the V Sagittae Class. It's spectrum
shows quite narrow emission lines of He, C, N, and O, possibly indicating a low
inclination for the binary system. We performed high resolution and high
stability Coude spectroscopy in order to search for low amplitude radial
velocity variations. The orbital period determined from the radial velocity
curve is 0.357 days, and the radial velocity semi amplitude is K=3.8 km/s. The
system inclination (in degrees), determined from the mass function of the
secondary star, is 0.7 < i < 1.0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83807 </DOCNO>
Learning from the Success of MPI


  The Message Passing Interface (MPI) has been extremely successful as a
portable way to program high-performance parallel computers. This success has
occurred in spite of the view of many that message passing is difficult and
that other approaches, including automatic parallelization and directive-based
parallelism, are easier to use. This paper argues that MPI has succeeded
because it addresses all of the important issues in providing a parallel
programming model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168564 </DOCNO>
An implementation of the polynomial Lie algebra methods for solving a


  We develop some calculation schemes to determine dynamics of a wide class of
integrable quantum-optical models using their symmetry adapted reformulation in
terms of polynomial Lie algebras $su_{pd}(2)$. These schemes, based on
"diagonal" representations of model evolution operators (via diagonalizing
Hamiltonians with the help of the $su_{pd}(2)$ defining relations), are
implemented in the form adapted for numerical calculations. Their efficiency is
demonstrated on the example of the second-harmonic-generation model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174870 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Description of Band Structure at Very Extended Shapes in the


  Recent experiments have confirmed the existence of rotational bands in the A
\~ 110 mass region with very extended shapes lying between super- and
hyper-deformation. Using the projected shell model, we make a first attempt to
describe quantitatively such a band structure in 108Cd. Excellent agreement is
achieved in the dynamic moment of inertia J(2) calculation. This allows us to
suggest the spin values for the energy levels, which are experimentally
unknown. It is found that at this large deformation, the sharply down-sloping
orbitals in the proton i_{13/2} subshell are responsible for the irregularity
in the experimental J(2), and the wave functions of the observed states have a
dominant component of two-quasiparticles from these orbitals. Measurement of
transition quadrupole moments and g-factors will test these findings, and thus
can provide a deeper understanding of the band structure at very extended
shapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96738 </DOCNO>
Generating Bounds for the Ground State Energy of the Infinite Quantum


  Moment based methods have produced efficient multiscale quantization
algorithms for solving singular perturbation/strong coupling problems. One of
these, the Eigenvalue Moment Method (EMM), developed by Handy et al (Phys. Rev.
Lett.{\bf 55}, 931 (1985); ibid, {\bf 60}, 253 (1988b)), generates converging
lower and upper bounds to a specific discrete state energy, once the signature
property of the associated wavefunction is known. This method is particularly
effective for multidimensional, bosonic ground state problems, since the
corresponding wavefunction must be of uniform signature, and can be taken to be
positive. Despite this, the vast majority of problems studied have been on
unbounded domains. The important problem of an electron in an infinite quantum
lens potential defines a challenging extension of EMM to systems defined on a
compact domain. We investigate this here, and introduce novel modifications to
the conventional EMM formalism that facilitate its adaptability to the required
boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4098 </DOCNO>
Hopping conductivity in the quantum Hall effect -- revival of universal


  We have measured the temperature dependence of the conductivity $\sigma_{xx}$
of a two-dimensional electron system deep into the localized regime of the
quantum Hall plateau transition. Using variable-range hopping theory we are
able to extract directly the localization length $\xi$ from this experiment. We
use our results to study the scaling behavior of $\xi$ as a function of the
filling factor distance $|\delta \nu|$ to the critical point of the transition.
We find for all samples a power-law behavior $\xi\propto|\delta\nu|^{-\gamma}$
with a universal scaling exponent $\gamma = 2.3$ as proposed theoretically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73349 </DOCNO>
Searching for New Physics via CP Violation in B -> pi pi


  We show how B -> pi pi decays can be used to search for new physics in the b
-> d flavour-changing neutral current. One needs one piece of theoretical
input, which we take to be a prediction for P/T, the ratio of the penguin and
tree amplitudes in Bd -> pi+ pi-. If present, new physics can be detected over
most of the parameter space. If \alpha (\phi_2) can be obtained independently,
measurements of B+ -> pi+ pi0 and Bd/Bd(bar) -> pi0 pi0 are not even needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125968 </DOCNO>
A sample of 6C radio sources designed to find objects at redshift > 4:


  In this paper, the third and final of a series, we present complete K-band
imaging and some complementary I-band imaging of the filtered 6C* sample. We
find no systematic differences between the K-z relation of 6C* radio galaxies
and those from complete samples, so the near-infrared properties of luminous
radio galaxies are not obviously biased by the additional 6C* radio selection
criteria (steep spectral index and small angular size). The 6C* K-z data
significantly improve delineation of the K-z relation for radio galaxies at
high-redshift (z >2). Accounting for non-stellar contamination, and for
correlations between radio luminosity and stellar mass, we find little support
for previous claims that the underlying scatter in the stellar luminosity of
radio galaxies increases significantly at z >2. In a particular spatially-flat
universe with a cosmological constant, the most luminous radio sources appear
to be associated with galaxies with a luminosity distribution with a high mean
(~5 Lstar), and a low dispersion (sigma ~ 0.5 mag) which formed their stars at
epochs corresponding to z >~2.5. This result is in line with recent sub-mm
studies of high-redshift radio galaxies and the inferred ages of extremely red
objects from faint radio samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4046 </DOCNO>
The Distribution of the Energy Gap and Josephson IcRn Product in Bi2212


  We present direct measurements of the density of states by tunneling
spectroscopy on slightly overdoped Bi2212 single crystals at low temperature
using break-junction and point-contact techniques. We find that (i) the
variation of the gap magnitude, Delta, between 20 and 36 meV is likely to be
intrinsic to the Bi2212, and (ii) there is a correlation between the maximum
value of the Josephson IcRn product and the gap magnitude: IcRn decreases with
the increase of Delta. The maximum IcRn value of 26 mV is observed at Delta =
20.5 meV. For Delta = 36.5 meV, the maximum measured value of IcRn is 7.3 mV.
We conclude that (i) the distribution of the Josephson IcRn product as a
function of gap magnitude can not be explained by the presence of a single
energy gap in Bi2212, and (ii) the coherence energy scale in Bi2212 has the
maximum Josephson strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127703 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Stellar Populations and Diffuse Gas in


  We present Chandra observations of two star-forming galaxies (M82 and the
Antennae) and three starburst/AGN composite galaxies (NGC1808, NGC6240,
NGC7331). In both star-forming galaxies we detect a large number of sources
with diverse properties. Some of them can be identified as X-ray binaries,
based on their variability and spectra. However, there is a significant number
of very soft and/or extended sources which could be supernova remnants.
 These observations confirm previous indications that there is a population of
sources with X-ray luminosities much higher than the Eddington limit for a
neutron star, suggesting that these objects are abundant in star-forming
galaxies. We find the the X-ray luminosity functions of the discrete sources in
these two galaxies are very similar. In the case of the composite galaxies we
find that the AGN does not dominate their X-ray emission. A significant
fraction of the emission from these objects is extended but there are also
X-ray sources associated with circumnuclear star-formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74388 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Factories: Detector Concepts for studies of CP and T violation


  The ideal neutrino detector at the neutrino factory should have a mass in the
range of 10 kton, provide particle identification to tag the flavor of the
incoming neutrino, lepton charge measurement to select the incoming neutrino
helicity, good energy resolution to reconstruct the incoming neutrino energy,
and be isotropic to equally well reconstruct incoming neutrinos from different
baselines (it might be more efficient to build various sources at different
baselines, than various detectors). The detector should also be able to
reconstruct neutrino event typically below 15 GeV. A detector with such quality
is most adapted to fully study neutrino oscillations at the neutrino factory.
In particular, measurement of the leading muons and electrons charge is the
only way to fully simultaneously explore CP and T violation effects. We think
that a magnetized liquid argon imaging detector stands today as the best choice
of technique, that holds the highest promises to match the above mentioned
detector requirements. We discuss also the optimal neutrino factory energy and
baseline between source and detector in order to best perform these studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41156 </DOCNO>
Discriminating between nu_mu <-> nu_tau and nu_mu <-> nu_sterile in


  A strong body of evidence now exists for atmospheric nu_mu disappearance
oscillations. Such disappearance could be explained by oscillations to either
nu_tau or a ``sterile'' neutrino (nu_s). Super-Kamiokande uses three different
methods to distinguish between these two scenarios. First, matter effects would
suppress the nu_mu <-> nu_s oscillation amplitude at high energy. Second,
oscillation to nu_s would reduce the overall neutral-current neutrino
interaction rate. Third, the smoking gun of nu_mu <-> nu_tau oscillations would
be the observation of tau appearance resulting from charged-current nu_tau
interactions. The results of these three techniques are presented, which
strongly favor nu_mu <-> nu_tau oscillations over nu_mu <-> nu_s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149324 </DOCNO>
Charged and Uncharged D-branes in various String Theories


  We describe how the D-brane spectra of the various ten-dimensional string
theories can be related to general properties of the open-closed duality,
encoded in the $S$ and $P$ matrices of the conformal field theory. We also
complete the classification and the description of non-BPS branes in these
string theories, elucidating their non-Abelian structures and the nature of the
corresponding super-Higgs mechanisms. We find that the type 0 theories and
their orientifolds have two types of uncharged branes, distinguished by their
couplings to the closed string tachyon. We also find that the 0A orientifold
has the unusual feature of having charged and uncharged branes with identical
world-volume dimensions. We conclude with some comments on fractional branes,
elucidating their role in connection with the boundary states of $D_{odd}$
SU(2) WZW models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124714 </DOCNO>
GMRT Observations of Interstellar Clouds in the 21cm line of Atomic


  Nearby interstellar clouds with high (|v| >/= 10 km/s) random velocities
although easily detected in NaI and CaII lines have hitherto not been detected
(in emission or absorption) in the HI 21cm line. We describe here deep Giant
Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) HI absorption observations toward radio
sources with small angular separation from bright O and B stars whose spectra
reveal the presence of intervening high random velocity CaII absorbing clouds.
In 5 out of the 14 directions searched we detect HI 21cm absorption features
from these clouds. The mean optical depth of these detections is ~ 0.09 and
FWHM is ~ 10 km/s, consistent with absorption arising from CNM clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148937 </DOCNO>
On SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory and the Maximal Abelian Gauge


  The problem of identifying the dynamical degrees of freedom for SU(2) gauge
theories is discussed. After studying SU(N) theories, it is shown that
classical pure SU(2) gauge theory is equivalent to an abelian theory. Finally,
we prove that the Maximal Abelian Gauge correctly identifies the abelian
degrees of freedom of the SU(2) theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126383 </DOCNO>
A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC6217


  Deep ROSAT PSPC and HRI observations of the nuclear starburst, UV flat
spectrum spiral NGC6217 reveal a jet-like X-ray filament extending out 2.7'
(18.8 kpc) to the SW of the galaxy. Radio images of NGC6217 show an extent in
the same direction, giving further evidence for a one-sided X-ray jet
interpretation of this feature. It's X-ray spectrum is harder than that of
NGC6217 and the luminosity in the 0.5-2.0 keV band ~1.7 E39 erg\s. We compare
our findings to parameters of other X-ray jets from other active galaxies. We
also give positions of a total of 91 X-ray sources detected in the field to a
limiting 0.5-2.0 keV flux of ~2.2E-15 erg\cm**2\s and propose optical and radio
identifications. Some of these sources have been identified in the RIXOS
program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2716 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariance and electron spectral functions in underdoped cuprates


  In this paper we consider the problem of relativistic fermions coupled to a
dynamical gauge field in 2+1 dimensions. Guided by a path integral analysis of
the particle's motion, we find a new way to calculate a gauge invariant Green's
function. The result of this analysis is then used to calculate the single
electron spectral function in the normal and superconducting state of high
$T_{c}$ cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126019 </DOCNO>
Revealing the Energetics and Structure of AGN Jets


  Until very recently, few constraints existed on the physics of jets, even
though they represent the first known evidence of mass outflow in AGN. This has
begun to change with HST and Chandra observations, which allow us to observe
short-lived, dynamic features, and compare their spectra and morphology to
those of longer-lived particles seen in the radio. We examine HST and Chandra
observations of M87 and 3C273 which reveal that these two prototype objects
seem radically different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74576 </DOCNO>
Dynamical emergence of extra dimensions and warped geometries


  We present four-dimensional gauge theories in Minkowski spacetime which
effectively generate in certain energy regimes five-dimensional warped
geometries whereas, in general, the fifth dimension is latticized. After
discussing in detail several general aspects in such theories we present a
number of exactly solvable examples. We also point out how a particular case,
defined in an N-sided polygon and having a Z_N symmetry, has a similar
realization in an appropriate supersymmetric setting with D3-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74846 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model from Stable Intersecting Brane World Orbifolds


  We analyze the perturbative stability of non-supersymmetric intersecting
brane world models on tori. Besides the dilaton tadpole, a dynamical
instability in the complex structure moduli space occurs at string disc level,
which drives the background geometry to a degenerate limit. We show that in
certain orbifold models this latter instability is absent as the relevant
moduli are frozen. We construct explicit examples of such orbifold intersecting
brane world models and discuss the phenomenological implications of a three
generation Standard Model which descends naturally from an SU(5) GUT theory. It
turns out that various phenomenological issues require the string scale to be
at least of the order of the GUT scale. As a major difference compared to the
Standard Model, some of the Yukawa couplings are excluded so that the standard
electroweak Higgs mechanism with a fundamental Higgs scalar is not realized in
this set-up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123367 </DOCNO>
Polarized Microwave Radiation from Dust


  Observations of cosmic microwave background in the range 10-90 GHz have
revealed an anomalous foreground component well correlated with 12 \mum, 60
\mum and 100 \mum emission from interstellar dust. As the recent
cross-correlation analysis of WHAM H\alpha maps with the Tenerife 10 and 15 GHz
maps supports an earlier conclusion that the emission does not arise from
free-free radiation, the interstellar dust origin of it is left as the only
suspect. Two competing models of this emission exist. The more favored at the
moment is the spinning dust model, the other is the model that uses grains with
strong magnetic response. In the spinning dust model the emission arises from
rapid rotation of ultrasmall grains that have dipole moments, while in the
other model magnetic grains emit due to thermal vibrations of magnetic dipoles.
Both models predict the emission to be partially polarized and this emission
can seriously interfere with the CMB polarization measurements. We discuss
observational signatures that can be used to distinguish and eventually filter
out the polarized component of the microwave dust radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125915 </DOCNO>
Analogies, new paradigms and observational data as growing factors of


  Patterns in the scientific developments of Relativistic Astrophysics are
analyzed with special attention to the physics and astrophysics of Black Holes
and Gamma Ray Bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41115 </DOCNO>
K_L -> pi0 gamma gamma and the bound on the CP-conserving K_L -> pi0


  It has been known for many years that there is a CP-conserving component for
the decay mode K_L -> pi0 e+e- and that its magnitude can be obtained from a
measurement of the amplitudes in the K_L -> pi0 gamma gamma decay mode. We
point out that the usual description of the latter in terms of a single
parameter, a_V, is not sufficient to extract the former in a model independent
manner. We further show that there exist known physics contributions to K_L ->
pi0 gamma gamma that cannot be described in terms of the single parameter a_V.
We conclude that a model independent analysis requires the experimental
extraction of three parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168063 </DOCNO>
Physical reality and the Complementarity Principle


  Consideration of the von Neumann measurement process underlying interference
experiments shows that the uncertainty in the incoming wave, responsible for
its interference, translates during measurement into an uncertainty at the
measuring apparatus. However, subsequent measurement on the apparatus does not
reveal any new information about the interfering wave. This observation, in the
context of recent advances in quantum information, suggests an argument for an
information theoretic interpretation of quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72747 </DOCNO>
$\Delta S = 2$ decays of $B^-$ meson in MSSM and two Higgs doublet model


  In view of the extreme smallness of $\Delta S = 2$ transitions of $B$ meson
in the Standard Model, we consider their occurence in several extensions of it.
Thus, we analyze the three - body $B^- \to K^- K^- \pi^+$ and two - body $B^-
\to K^{*-} \barK^{*0}$, $B^- \to K^- \bar K^{0}$, $B^- \to K^{*-} \bar K^{0}$,
$B^- \to K^{-} \bar K^{*0}$ decay modes both in the Standard Model and in the
Minimal Supersymmetric Model with and without ${\cal R}$ parity conservation
and in two Higgs doublet models. All five modes are found to have a branching
ratio of the order of $10^{-13}$ in the Standard Model, while the expected
branching ratio in the different extensions vary between $10^{-9} - 10^{-6}$,
for a given reasonable choice of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126278 </DOCNO>
Age Dating of Globular Clusters Using UBV(RI) Main-sequence Photometry


  I propose and apply a method for deriving ages of the metal-poor globular
clusters (GCs) in a distance-independent way, which is based on age indicator
related to the main sequence in the two-color diagrams with U-B index. Age of
the metal-poor GC NGC 6397 has been estimated, using Yale isochrones of
Demarque et al. (1996), to be close to 16 Gyr provided the cluster metallicity
is near [Fe/H]=-2.0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128386 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Ionizing Radiation Background and Star Formation in the


  The temporal evolution of the ionizing UV background radiation field at high
redshift provides a probe of the evolution of the early star formation rate. By
comparing the observed levels of absorption in the highest redshift quasar
spectra to the predictions of a hydrodynamic simulation, we determine the
evolution of the photoionization rate Gamma for neutral hydrogen in the
intergalactic medium, over the redshift range 4.9 < z < 6.1. After accounting
for sampling variance, we infer a sharp increase in Gamma from z~6.1 to z~5.8,
probably implying reionization at this redshift. We find a decrease in Gamma
from z~5.6 to 5.2, at 3sigma significance. This feature is a generic signature
in the aftermath of reionization, entirely consistent with the cosmological
reionization process being completed at z~6.1.
  This generic feature is a result of a significant change in the star
formation rate subsequent to the cosmological reionization. There is an abrupt
rise of the temperature of the intergalactic medium due to photo-heating, when
it is reionized. This translates to a correspondingly sudden jump in the Jeans
mass and a dramatic suppression of gas accretion onto the most abundant
(sub-galactic) halos at the epochs of interest. The star formation rate suffers
a temporary setback in the aftermath of reionization, resulting in a temporary
decrease in the amplitude of the ionizing radiation field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75148 </DOCNO>
Developments in Deep-inelastic Structure Function Calculations


  We review recent developments in the calculation of deep-inelastic structure
functions to next-to-next-to leading order in perturbative QCD. We discuss the
impact of these corrections on the determination of the strong coupling alpha_s
and the parton distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124596 </DOCNO>
PN-Carbon Yields and the Chemical Evolution of the Galaxy


  Two sets of observational carbon stellar yields for low-and-intermediate mass
stars are computed from planetary nebulae abundances derived from C II
$\lambda4267$ and C III $\lambda\lambda1906+1909$ lines, respectively. By
comparing C/O values observed in stars of the solar vicinity and Galactic HII
regions with those predicted by chemical evolution models for the Galaxy, which
assume these observational yields, I conclude that the C abundances derived
from permitted lines are better than those derived from forbidden lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41388 </DOCNO>
Ultra-peripheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions


  We report the first observation of exclusive $\rho$ production in
ultra-peripheral collisions at RHIC. The $\rho$ are produced
electromagnetically at large impact parameters where no hadronic interactions
occur. The produced $\rho$ have a small perpendicular momentum, consistent with
production that is coherent on both the photon emitting and scattering nuclei.
We observe both exclusive $\rho$ production, and $\rho$ production accompanied
by electromagnetic dissociation of both nuclei. We discuss models of vector
meson production and the correlation with nuclear breakup. We also observe
$e^+e^-$ pair production in these ultra-peripheral collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6969 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phase Transitions in Spin-1/2 Frustrated Molecular Cluster: the


  By exact diagonalization, we investigate several spin-$\frac 12$ $J_1-J_2$
real clusters of molecular scale with different shapes. Our calculations show
that when the ratio, $\eta $, of next nearest neighbor to nearest neighbor
bonds is equal to 1, even the cluster of only 25 sites exhibits the bulk
behaviors and has the quantum phase transitions. Two effective critical points
are around $J_2/J_1=0.3762$ and 0.612 respectively. They are very close to
those of the infinite $J_1-J_2$ square lattice. But, when $\eta \leq 0.85$, the
quantum phase transition around $J_2/J_1=0.3762$ disappears. By calculating the
distributions of the average values of $S_i^z$, the bulk behaviors are
demonstrated graphically. In the intermediate phase, the sites on the corners
have distinctly different character from the other sites. The distribution is
obviously centralized on the corner sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86443 </DOCNO>
Remarks on evolution of space-times in 3+1 and 4+1 dimensions


  A large class of vacuum space-times is constructed in dimension 4+1 from
hyperboloidal initial data sets which are not small perturbations of empty
space data. These space-times are future geodesically complete, smooth up to
their future null infinity, and extend as vacuum space-times through their
Cauchy horizon. Dimensional reduction gives non-vacuum space-times with the
same properties in 3+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5863 </DOCNO>
Kinetical Foundations of Non Conventional Statistics


  After considering the kinetical interaction principle (KIP) introduced in
ref. Physica A {\bf296}, 405 (2001), we study in the Boltzmann picture, the
evolution equation and the H-theorem for non extensive systems. The
$q$-kinetics and the $\kappa$-kinetics are studied in detail starting from the
most general non linear Boltzmann equation compatible with the KIP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95528 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalue estimates for the Dirac-Schr\"odinger operators


  We give new estimates for the eigenvalues of the hypersurface Dirac operator
in terms of the intrinsic energy-momentum tensor, the mean curvature and the
scalar curvature. We also discuss their limiting cases as well as the limiting
cases of the estimates obtained by X. Zhang and O. Hijazi in [13] and [10]. We
compare these limiting cases with those corresponding to the Friedrich and
Hijazi inequalities. We conclude by comparing these results to intrinsic
estimates for the Dirac-Schr\"odinger operator D_f = D - f/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123530 </DOCNO>
Infrared Imaging Data Reduction Software and Techniques


  We describe the InfraRed Data Reduction (IRDR) software package, a small ANSI
C library of fast image processing routines for automated pipeline reduction of
infrared (dithered) observations. We developed the software to satisfy certain
design requirements not met in existing packages (e.g., full weight map
handling) and to optimize the software for large data sets (non-interactive
tasks that are CPU and disk efficient). The software includes stand-alone C
programs for tasks such as running sky frame subtraction with object masking,
image registration and coaddition with weight maps, dither offset measurement
using cross-correlation, and object mask dilation. Although we currently use
the software to process data taken with CIRSI (a near-IR mosaic imager), the
software is modular and concise and should be easy to adapt/reuse for other
work. IRDR is available from anonymous ftp to ftp.ast.cam.ac.uk in pub/sabbey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97761 </DOCNO>
Strongly graded hereditary orders


  Let R be a Dedekind domain with global quotient field K. The purpose of this
note is to provide a characterization of when a strongly graded R-order with
semiprime 1-component is hereditary. This generalizes earlier work by the first
author and G. Janusz (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 352 (2000), 3381-3410).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1461 </DOCNO>
Interactions in Chaotic Nanoparticles: Fluctuations in Coulomb Blockade


  We use random matrix models to investigate the ground state energy of
electrons confined to a nanoparticle. Our expression for the energy includes
the charging effect, the single-particle energies, and the residual screened
interactions treated in Hartree-Fock. This model is applicable to chaotic
quantum dots or nanoparticles---in these systems the single-particle statistics
follows random matrix theory at energy scales less than the Thouless energy. We
find the distribution of Coulomb blockade peak spacings first for a large dot
in which the residual interactions can be taken constant: the spacing
fluctuations are of order the mean level separation Delta. Corrections to this
limit are studied using the small parameter 1/(kf L): both the residual
interactions and the effect of the changing confinement on the single-particle
levels produce fluctuations of order Delta/sqrt(kf L). The distributions we
find are significantly more like the experimental results than the simple
constant interaction model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5402 </DOCNO>
Optical Properties of Heavy Fermion Systems with SDW Order


  The dynamical conductivity $\sigma (\omega)$, reflectivity $R(\omega)$, and
tunneling density of states $N(\omega)$ of strongly correlated systems (like
heavy fermions) with a spin-density wave (SDW) magnetic order are studied as a
function of impurity scattering rate and temperature. The theory is generalized
to include strong coupling effects in the SDW order. The results are discussed
in the light of optical experiments on heavy-fermion SDW materials. With some
modifications the proposed theory is applicable also to heavy fermions with
localized antiferromagnetic (LAF) order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75142 </DOCNO>
Extraction of Polarized Gluon Distributions from Large-pt Light Hadron


  We propose a new formula for extracting the polarized gluon distribution from
the large-$p_T$ light hadron pair production for semi-inclusive processes in
polarized deep inelastic scattering. In general, a large-$p_T$ hadron pair is
produced via photon-gluon fusion(PGF) and QCD Compton at the lowest order of
QCD. The PGF gives us a direct information on $\Delta g$ in the nucleon, while
QCD Compton becomes background to the signal process for extracting $\Delta g$.
We show that the contribution from this background, i.e. the QCD Compton
process, can be removed by using symmetry relation among fragmentation
functions and taking an appropriate combination of various light hadron pair
production processes, and thus the double spin asymmetry can be described in
terms of $\Delta g/g$ alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127681 </DOCNO>
Probing the Intergalactic Medium with the OVI Forest


  Recent STIS and FUSE observations have detected OVI absorption lines at low
redshift that are not clearly associated with any galactic system. In this
paper, we argue that these lines are due to metal enriched hot gas in the
intergalactic medium. Using numerical simulations of a cosmological-constant
dominated cosmology, combined with reasonable assumptions about the metallicity
distribution, we show that the number density and internal characteristics of
these lines are correctly predicted. We find that the OVI is primarily produced
by collisional ionization from gas at a few times 10^5 K for lines with
equivalent widths larger than 40 mA, while weaker lines can also be produced by
photo-ionization. The absorption occurs in diffuse gas in filaments at moderate
overdensity (delta ~ 5-100).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128507 </DOCNO>
Detection of X-ray Emission from SNR G16.7+0.1


  We have observed the Galactic supernova remnant G16.7+0.1 for 13 ks using the
EPIC cameras aboard the XMM-Newton X-ray Observatory, producing the first
detection of the SNR outside of the radio band. G16.7+0.1 is one of the
faintest radio synchrotron nebulae yet detected, although the core-to-shell
flux ratio at 6 cm is typical of composite SNRs. The distance to the object is
unknown. Our image is seriously contaminated by single-reflection arcs from the
X-ray binary GX17+2, which lies just outside the field of view. Nonetheless,
the remnant's synchrotron core is clearly detected. We report on the spectrum
and intensity of the core emission as well as on our search for emission from
the thermal shell, and describe the constraints these observations place on the
SNR's distance, age, and central pulsar properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73141 </DOCNO>
A lattice evaluation of four-quark operators in the nucleon


  Nucleon matrix elements of various four-quark operators are evaluated in
quenched lattice QCD using Wilson fermions. Some of these operators give rise
to twist-four contributions to nucleon structure functions. Furthermore, they
bear valuable information about the diquark structure of the nucleon. Mixing
with lower-dimensional operators is avoided by considering appropriate
representations of the flavour group. We find that for a certain flavour
combination of baryon structure functions, twist-four contributions are very
small. This suggests that twist-four effects for the nucleon might be much
smaller than m_p^2/Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72521 </DOCNO>
A Phenomenological Analysis of Gluon Mass Effects in Inclusive Radiative


  The shapes of the inclusive photon spectra in the processes $\Jp \to \gamma
X$ and $\Up \to \gamma X$ have been analysed using all available experimental
data.
  Relativistic, higher order QCD and gluon mass corrections were taken into
account in the fitted functions. Only on including the gluon mass corrections,
were consistent and acceptable fits obtained. Values of
$0.721^{+0.016}_{-0.068}$ GeV and $1.18^{+0.09}_{-0.29}$ GeV were found for the
effective gluon masses (corresponding to Born level diagrams) for the $\Jp$ and
$\Up$ respectively. The width ratios $\Gamma(V \to {\rm hadrons})/\Gamma(V \to
\gamma+ {\rm hadrons}) V=\Jp, \Up$ were used to determine $\alpha_s(1.5 {\rm
GeV})$ and $\alpha_s(4.9 {\rm GeV})$. Values consistent with the current world
average $\alpha_s$ were obtained only when gluon mass correction factors,
calculated using the fitted values of the effective gluon mass, were applied. A
gluon mass $\simeq 1$ GeV, as suggested with these results, is consistent with
previous analytical theoretical calculations and independent phenomenological
estimates, as well as with a recent, more accurate, lattice calculation of the
gluon propagator in the infra-red region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123658 </DOCNO>
Probability of Detecting a Planetary Companion during a Microlensing


  The probability of detecting a planetary companion of a lensing star during a
microlensing event toward the Galactic center, averaged over all relevant event
and galactic parameters, when the planet-star mass ratio $q=0.001$ has a
maximum exceeding 10% at an orbit semimajor axis $a$ near 1.5 AU for a uniform
distribution of impact parameters. The maximum probability is raised to more
than 20% for a distribution of source-lens impact parameters that is determined
by the efficiency of event detection. The averaging procedures are carefully
defined, and they determinine the dependence of the detection probabilities on
several properties of the Galaxy. The probabilities scale approximately as
$\sqrt{q}$. A planet is assumed detectable if the perturbation of the single
lens light curve exceeds $2/(S/N)$ for at least 20 consecutive photometric
points sometime during the event. Two meter telescopes with 60 second
integrations in I-band with high time resolution photometry throughout the
duration of an ongoing event are assumed. The probabilities are derived as a
function of $a$, where they remain significant for $0.6<a<10$ AU. Dependence of
the detection probabilities on the lens mass function, luminosity function of
the source stars as modified by extinction, distribution of source-lens impact
parameters, and the line of sight to the source are also determined, and the
probabilities are averaged over the distribution of the projected planet
position, the lens mass function, the distribution of impact parameters, the
lens and source distances as weighted by their distributions along the line of
sight and over the $I$-band apparent luminosity function of the sources. The
extraction of the probabilility as a function of $a$ for a particular $q$ from
empirical data is indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4699 </DOCNO>
Scaling and exact solutions for the flux creep problem in a slab


  The flux creep problem for a superconductor slab placed in a constant or
time-dependent magnetic field is considered. Logarithmic dependence of the
activation energy on the current density is assumed, U=U0 ln(J/Jc), with a
field dependent Jc. The density B of the magnetic flux penetrating into the
superconductor, is shown to obey a scaling law, i.e., the profiles B(x) at
different times can be scaled to a function of a single variable. We found
exact solution for the scaling function in some specific cases, and an
approximate solution for a general case. The scaling also holds for a slab
carrying transport current I resulting in a power-law V(I) with exponent p~1.
When the flux fronts moving from two sides of the slab collapse at the center,
the scaling is broken and p crosses over to U0/kT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 270 </DOCNO>
Bulk and boundary zero-bias anomaly in multi-wall carbon nanotubes


  We compute the tunneling density of states of doped multi-wall nanotubes
including disorder and electron-electron interactions. A non-conventional
Coulomb blockade reflecting nonperturbative Altshuler-Aronov-Lee power-law
zero-bias anomalies is found, in accordance with recent experimental results.
The presence of a boundary implies a universal doubling of the boundary
exponent in the diffusive limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76788 </DOCNO>
Investigation of Bose-Einstein Correlations in 3 jet events with the


  A preliminary investigation of Bose-Einstein correlations in 3 jet events has
been made by analysing the collected data at the $Z^0$ peak from '94 and '95
and the calibration runs during the LEP2 period from '97 to 2000. Three methods
were used to extract two-particle correlation functions. No significant
difference was found between quark and gluon jets for all three methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6493 </DOCNO>
Wall-Enhanced Convection in Vibrofluidized Granular Systems


  An event-driven molecular dynamics simulation of inelastic hard spheres
contained in a cylinder and subject to strong vibration reproduces accurately
experimental results[1] for a system of vibrofluidized glass beads. In
particular, we are able to obtain the velocity field and the density and
temperature profiles observed experimentally. In addition, we show that the
appearance of convection rolls is strongly influenced by the value of the
sidewall-particle restitution coefficient. Suggestions for observing more
complex convection patterns are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86560 </DOCNO>
Space-Time--Time: Five-dimensional Kaluza--Weyl Space


  Space-time--time couples Kaluza's five-dimensional geometry with Weyl's
conformal space-time geometry to produce an extension that goes beyond what
either of those theories can achieve by itself. Kaluza's ``cylinder condition''
is replaced by an ``exponential expansion constraint'' that causes translations
along the secondary time dimension to induce both the electromagnetic gauge
transformations found in the Kaluza and the Weyl theories and the metrical
gauge transformations unique to the Weyl theory, related as Weyl had
postulated. A space-time--time geodesic describes a test particle whose rest
mass, space-time momentum, and electric charge q, all defined kinematically,
evolve in accord with definite dynamical laws. Its motion is governed by four
apparent forces: the Einstein gravitational force, the Lorentz electromagnetic
force, a force proportional to the electromagnetic potential, and a force
proportional to a scalar field's gradient d(ln phi). The test particles exhibit
quantum behavior: (1) they appear and disappear in full-blown motion at
definite events; (2) all that share an event E of appearance or disappearance
do so with the same charge magnitude |q| = phi(E); (3) conservation of
space-time--time momentum at such an event entails conservation of electric
charge in addition to conservation of space-time momentum, among the
participating particles; (4) at such events the d(ln phi) force infinitely
dominates the other three --- this strongly biases the appearance and
disappearance events to be concentrated deep in the discretely spaced potential
wells of ln phi, and sparse elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4044 </DOCNO>
Theory of Thermoelectric Power in High-Tc Superconductors


  We present a microscopic theory for the thermoelectric power (TEP) in high-Tc
cuprates. Based on the general expression for the TEP, we perform the
calculation of the TEP for a square lattice Hubbard model including all the
vertex corrections necessary to satisfy the conservation laws. In the present
study, characteristic anomalous temperature and doping dependences of the TEP
in high-Tc cuprates, which have been a long-standing problem of high-Tc
cuprates, are well reproduced for both hole- and electron-doped systems, except
for the heavily under-doped case. According to the present analysis, the strong
momentum and energy dependences of the self-energy due to the strong
antiferromagnetic fluctuations play an essential role in reproducing
experimental anomalies of the TEP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75733 </DOCNO>
Weak magnetism for antineutrinos in supernovae


  Weak magnetism increases antineutrino mean free paths in core collapse
supernovae. The parity violating interference between axial and vector currents
makes antineutrino-nucleon cross sections smaller then those for neutrinos. We
calculate simple, exact correction factors to include recoil and weak magnetism
in supernova simulations. Weak magnetism may significantly increase the
neutrino energy flux. We calculate, in a diffusion approximation, an increase
of order 15% in the total energy flux for temperatures near 10 MeV. This should
raise the neutrino luminosity. Weak magnetism also changes the emitted spectrum
of $ \bar\nu_x$ (with $x=\mu$ or $\tau$) and $\bar\nu_e$. We estimate that
$\bar\nu_x$ will be emitted about 7% hotter than $\nu_x$ because $\bar\nu_x$
have longer mean free paths. Likewise weak magnetism may increase the
$\bar\nu_e$ temperature by of order 10%. This increase in temperature coupled
with the increase in neutrino luminosity should increase the heating in the low
density region outside of the neutrino sphere. This, in turn, could be
important for the success of an explosion. It is important to check our results
with a full simulation that includes Boltzmann neutrino transport and weak
magnetism corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4070 </DOCNO>
Spin-orbit coupling effects on quantum transport in lateral


  The effects of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman splitting on
weak localisation and universal conductance fluctuations in lateral
semiconductor quantum dots are analysed: All possible symmetry classes of
corresponding random matrix theories are listed and crossovers between them
achievable by sweeping magnetic field and changing the dot parameters are
described. We also suggest experiments to measure the spin-orbit coupling
constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123497 </DOCNO>
A New Pupil for Detecting Extrasolar Planets


  The challenge for optical detection of terrestial planet is the 25 magnitude
brightness contrast between the planet and its host star. This paper introduces
a new pupil design that produces a very dark null along its symmetry axis. By
changing the shape of the pupil, we can control the depth and location of this
null. This null can be further enhanced by combining this pupil with a rooftop
nuller or cateye nuller and an aperture stop. The performance of the optical
system will be limited by imperfections in the mirror surface. If the star is
imaged with and without the nuller, then we can characterize these
imperfections and then correct them with a deformable mirror. The full optical
system when deployed on a 6 $\times$ 10 m space telescope is capable of
detecting Earthlike planets around stars within 20 parsecs. For an Earthlike
planet around a nearby stars (10 parsecs), the telescope can characterize its
atmosphere by measuring spectral lines in the 0.3 - 1.3 micron range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84059 </DOCNO>
A Tight Upper Bound on the Number of Candidate Patterns


  In the context of mining for frequent patterns using the standard levelwise
algorithm, the following question arises: given the current level and the
current set of frequent patterns, what is the maximal number of candidate
patterns that can be generated on the next level? We answer this question by
providing a tight upper bound, derived from a combinatorial result from the
sixties by Kruskal and Katona. Our result is useful to reduce the number of
database scans.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6404 </DOCNO>
Dualities in Quantum Hall System and Noncommutative Chern-Simons Theory


  We discuss different dualities of QHE in the framework of the noncommutative
Chern-Simons theory. First, we consider the Morita or T-duality transformation
on the torus which maps the abelian noncommutative CS description of QHE on the
torus into the nonabelian commutative description on the dual torus. It is
argued that the Ruijsenaars integrable many-body system provides the
description of the QHE with finite amount of electrons on the torus. The new
IIB brane picture for the QHE is suggested and applied to Jain and generalized
hierarchies. This picture naturally links 2d $\sigma$-model and 3d CS
description of the QHE. All duality transformations are identified in the brane
setup and can be related with the mirror symmetry and S duality. We suggest a
brane interpretation of the plateu transition in IQHE in which a critical point
is naturally described by $SL(2,R)$ WZW model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97938 </DOCNO>
Ramseyan ultrafilters


  We investigate families of partitions of omega which are related to special
coideals, so-called happy families, and give a dual form of Ramsey ultrafilters
in terms of partitions. The combinatorial properties of these
partition-ultrafilters, which we call Ramseyan ultrafilters, are similar to
those of Ramsey ultrafilters. For example it will be shown that dual Mathias
forcing restricted to a Ramseyan ultrafilter has the same features as Mathias
forcing restricted to a Ramsey ultrafilter. Further we introduce an ordering on
the set of partition-filters and consider the dual form of some cardinal
characteristics of the continuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125357 </DOCNO>
Searching for the Physical Drivers of the Eigenvector 1 Correlation


  [Latex markup removed] We recently discussed an Eigenvector 1 (E1) parameter
space that provides optimal discrimination between the principal classes of
broad-line Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). In this paper we begin a search for
the most important physical parameters that are likely to govern correlations
and data point distribution in E1 space. We focus on the principal optical
parameter plane involving the width of the H-beta broad component and the
equivalent width ratio between the FeII blend at 4570 A and H-beta broad
component. We show that the observed correlation for radio-quiet sources can be
accounted for if it is primarily driven by the ratio of AGN luminosity to black
hole mass (L/M proportional to Eddington ratio) convolved with source
orientation. L/M apparently drives the radio-quiet correlation only for
FWHM(H-beta) < 4000 km/s which includes Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies
and can be said to define an AGN ``main sequence.'' Source orientation plays an
increasingly important role as FWHM(H-beta) increases. We also argue that AGN
lying outside the radio-quiet ``main sequence,'' and specifically those with
optical FeII much stronger than expected for a given FWHM(H-beta), may all be
Broad Absorption Line QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123340 </DOCNO>
Photometric and kinematic studies of open star clusters. III. NGC 4103,


  We present CCD photometry and proper motion studies of the three open star
clusters NGC 4103, NGC 5281, and NGC 4755 (kappa Cru). By fitting isochrones to
the colour magnitude diagrams, we found that all three objects are young open
star clusters with ages of at most t=45 Myr. They are located at distances from
approx. 1600 pc to 2200 pc, derived from distance moduli (m-M)_0 ranging from
11 mag to 12 mag. We combined membership determinations based on proper motions
and statistical field star subtraction to derive the initial mass function
(IMF) of the clusters. The shape of the IMFs could be represented by power laws
with exponents of Gamma=-1.46 +/- 0.22 for NGC 4103, Gamma=-1.60 +/- 0.50 for
NGC 5281, and Gamma=-1.68 +/- 0.14 for NGC 4755, when - as a reference -
Salpeter's (1955) value would be Gamma=-1.35. These results agree well with
other IMF studies of open star clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74733 </DOCNO>
Inconsistencies in Models for RHIC and LHC


  The interpretation of experimental results at RHIC and in the future also at
LHC requires very reliable and realistic models.
 Considerable effort has been devoted to the development of such models during
the past decade, many of them being heavily used in order to analyze data.
  It is the purpose of this paper to point out serious inconsistencies in the
above-mentioned approaches.
 We will demonstrate that requiring theoretical self-consistency reduces the
freedom in modeling high energy nuclear scattering enormously.
  We will introduce a fully self-consistent formulation of the
multiple-scattering scheme in the framework of a Gribov-Regge type effective
theory.
 In addition, we develop new computational techniques which allow for the first
time a satisfactory solution of the problem in the sense that calculations of
observable quantities can be done strictly within a self-consistent formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2561 </DOCNO>
Spin-entropy driven melting of the charge order in La1.5Sr0.5CoO4


  We studied the melting of the charge order in the half-doped tetragonal
perovskite La1.5Sr0.5CoO4 by elastic neutron scattering. We found that diffuse
peaks, corresponding to the breathing-type modulation of oxygen positions in
the CoO6 octahedra, disappear above Tc = 825(27) K. This melting of the diffuse
superstructure is reversible (no change in the correlation lengths upon
annealing is observed) and accompanied by a large nonlinear thermal expansion
along the tetragonal c-axis, with a cusp at Tc. We conclude that quenched
disorder of the doped Sr ions is at the origin of this anisotropic charge glass
state. We also suggest that its melting is driven by the transition from the
intermediate- to the high-spin state of Co{3+} ion, which is favored by the
spin entropy at high T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127975 </DOCNO>
A non-parametric method to detect clusters in Planck data


  In this work we show how to get a very significant number of SZ detections in
the future Planck data without doing any of the typical assumptions needed in
present component separation methods. That is, we do not need to assume
anything about the power spectrum nor the frequency dependence of any one of
the components, circular symmetry or a typical scale of the clusters. Our
method predict a number of detections $\approx 14.000$ in all the sky with an
unbiased estimation of the total flux for clusters with $S > 150$ mJy (at 353
GHz), although with some scatter around the real flux, this proving the
robustness of our method. This large number of SZ detections will allow a
robust and consistent analysis of the evolution of the cluster population with
redshift and will have important implications on the estimation of the best
cosmological model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179155 </DOCNO>
Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations of Light Nuclei


  Accurate quantum Monte Carlo calculations of ground and low-lying excited
states of light p-shell nuclei are now possible for realistic nuclear
Hamiltonians that fit nucleon-nucleon scattering data. At present, results for
more than 30 different (J^pi;T) states, plus isobaric analogs, in A \leq 8
nuclei have been obtained with an excellent reproduction of the experimental
energy spectrum. These microscopic calculations show that nuclear structure,
including both single-particle and clustering aspects, can be explained
starting from elementary two- and three-nucleon interactions. Various density
and momentum distributions, electromagnetic form factors, and spectroscopic
factors have also been computed, as well as electroweak capture reactions of
astrophysical interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3501 </DOCNO>
Vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein condensates in an oblate, purely


  We have investigated the formation of vortices by rotating the purely
magnetic potential confining a Bose-Einstein condensate. We modified the bias
field of an axially symmetric TOP trap to create an elliptical potential that
rotates in the radial plane. This enabled us to study the conditions for vortex
nucleation over a wide range of eccentricities and rotation rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3445 </DOCNO>
Tensionless structure of glassy phase


  We study a class of homogeneous finite-dimensional Ising models which were
recently shown to exhibit glassy properties. Monte Carlo simulations of a
particular three-dimensional model in this class show that the glassy phase
obtained under slow cooling is dominated by large scale excitations whose
energy $E_l$ scales with their size $l$ as $E_l\sim l^{\Theta}$ with
$\Theta\sim 1.33(5)$. Simulations suggest that in another model of this class,
namely the four-spin model, energy is concentrated mainly in linear defects
making also in this case domain walls tensionless. Two-dimensinal variants of
these models are trivial and energy of excitations scales with the exponent
$\Theta=1.05(5)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5643 </DOCNO>
Analytic Correlation Functions of the two-dimensional Half Filled


  We derive explicit spin and charge correlation functions of the $N \times N$
Hubbard model from a recently obtained weak-coupling analytic ground state
$|\Q^{[0]}_{AF}\ket$. The spin correlation function shows an antiferromagnetic
behaviour with different signs for the two sublattices and its Fourier tranform
is peaked at ${\mathbf Q}=(\p,\p)$. The charge correlation function presents
two valleys at 45 degrees from the axes. Both functions behave in a smooth way
with increasing $N$; the results agree well with the available numerical data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86278 </DOCNO>
On the anomalies of gravity


  The paper is based on the recently proposed 4-dimensional optical space
theory and draws some of its consequences for gravitation. Starting with the
discussion of central movement, the paper proceeds to establish the a metric
compatible with Newtonian mechanics which can be accommodated by the new theory
and finds a correction term which can be neglected in most practical
circumstances. Being effective in the very short range, the correction term
affects substantially the results when continuous mass distributions are
considered. The main consequence is the possibility of explaining the orbital
speeds found around galaxies, without the need to appeal for a lot of dark
matter. The speed of gravity is also discussed and the theory is found
compatible with a gravitational speed equal to the speed of light. On the
subject of black holes, it is suggested that they are just a possibility but
not a geometric inevitability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125349 </DOCNO>
The CHANDRA HETGS X-ray Grating Spectrum of Eta Car


  Eta Car may be the most massive and luminous star in the Galaxy and is
suspected to be a massive, colliding wind binary system. The CHANDRA X-ray
observatory has obtained a calibrated, high-resolution X-ray spectrum of the
star uncontaminated by the nearby extended soft X-ray emisssion. Our 89 ksec
CHANDRA observation with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer
(HETGS) shows that the hot gas near the star is non-isothermal. The temperature
distribution may represent the emission on either side of the colliding wind
bow shock, effectively ``resolving'' the shock. If so, the pre-shock wind
velocities are ~ 700 and ~ 1800 km/s in our analysis, and these velocities may
be interpreted as the terminal velocities of the winds from Eta Car and from
the hidden companion star. The forbidden-to-intercombination (f/i) line ratios
for the He-like ions of S, Si and Fe are large, indicating that the line
forming region lies far from the stellar photosphere. The iron fluorescent line
at 1.93 Angstrom, first detected by ASCA, is clearly resolved from the thermal
iron line in the CHANDRA grating spectrum. The Fe fluorescent line is weaker in
our CHANDRA observation than in any of the ASCA spectra. The CHANDRA
observation also provides an uninterrupted high-time resolution lightcurve of
the stellar X-ray emission from Eta Car and suggests that there was no
significant, coherent variability during the CHANDRA observation. The Eta Car
CHANDRA grating spectrum is unlike recently published X-ray grating spectra of
single massive stars in significant ways and is generally consistent with
colliding wind emission in a massive binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2030 </DOCNO>
Acoustic crystallization and heterogeneous nucleation


  By focusing a high intensity acoustic wave in liquid helium, we have observed
the nucleation of solid helium inside the wave above a certain threshold in
amplitude. The nucleation is a stochastic phenomenon. Its probability increases
continuously from 0 to 1 in a narrow pressure interval around Pm + 4.7 bars (Pm
is the melting pressure where liquid and solid helium are in equilibrium). This
overpressure is larger by two to three orders of magnitude than what had been
previously observed. Our result strongly supports a recent suggestion by
Balibar, Mizusaki and Sasaki that, in all previous experiments, solid helium
nucleated on impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6099 </DOCNO>
New order parameters in the Potts model on a Cayley tree


  For the $q-$state Potts model new order parameters projecting on a group of
spins instead of a single spin are introduced. On a Cayley tree this allows the
physical interpretation of the Potts model at noninteger values q of the number
of states. The model can be solved recursively. This recursion exhibits chaotic
behaviour changing qualitatively at critical values of $q_0$ . Using an
additional order parameter belonging to a group of zero extrapolated size the
additional ordering is related to a percolation problem. This percolation
distinguishes different phases and explains the critical indices of percolation
class occuring at the Peierls temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98306 </DOCNO>
An analogue of cyclotomic units for products of elliptic curves


  We construct certain elements in the integral motivic cohomology group
$H^3_{{\cal M}}(E \times E',\Q(2))_{\ZZ}$, where $E$ and $E'$ are elliptic
curves over $\Q$. When $E$ is not isogenous to $E'$ these elements are
analogous to `cyclotomic units' in real quadratic fields as they come from
modular parametrisations of the elliptic curves. We then find an analogue of
the class number formula for real quadratic fields. Finally we use the
Beilinson conjectures for $E \times E'$ to deduce them for products of $n$
elliptic curves. A certain amount of this paper is expository in nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75626 </DOCNO>
Model independent constraints on contact interactions from polarized


  We discuss electron-electron contact-interaction searches in the process
e^+e^- -->e^+e^- at a future e^+e^- Linear Collider with c.m. energy
\sqrt{s}=0.5 TeV and with both beams longitudinally polarized. Our analysis is
based on the measurement of the polarized differential cross sections, and
allows to simultaneously take into account the general set of contact
interaction couplings as independent, non-zero, parameters thus avoiding
simplifying, model-dependent, assumptions. We evaluate the corresponding
model-independent constraints on the coupling constants, emphasizing the role
of beam polarization, and make a comparison with the case of e^+e^-
-->\mu^+\mu^-.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126809 </DOCNO>
Multiband optical polarimetry of BL Lac objects with the Nordic Optical


  Optical polarization of seven selected BL Lac objects in UBVRI bands was
studied with the Nordic Optical Telescope from December 10-14, 1999. Two of
them, 3C 66A and PKS 0735+178, were monitored for 4 nights for a total
integration time of 4.75 and 5.5 hours, respectively. Other objects (1Jy
0138-097, H 0414+009, PKS 0823-223, OJ287 and BL Lac) were observed sparsely
during the run. Apart from PKS 0823-223 (more polarized than observed in the
past), the sources show levels of flux and polarization consistent with results
at previous epochs. 3C 66A and PKS 0735+178 were intensively observed during
December 11 and 12 and exhibited variability of polarization, both on
internight and intranight time scales. Wavelength dependence of polarization
has been investigated, as well as circular polarization. The results are
discussed within the standard model for BL Lacs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40873 </DOCNO>
Colour Reconnection in W Decays


  The studies of colour reconnection in e+e- -> WW -> 4 jets events at LEP are
reviewed. It is shown that the analysis of the particle- and energy flow
between jets is sensitive to realistic model predictions. The effects on the W
mass measurement are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72678 </DOCNO>
Dynamical CP Violation and Flavour-Changing Processes


  We investigate the phenomenological constraints on a model where, besides the
standard model Higgs sector, there is an effective new strong interaction
acting on the third generation of quarks and characterized by a $\theta$-like
term. This $\theta$ term induces electroweak symmetry breaking and leads to
dynamical spontaneous CP violation. We show that the constraints coming from K
physics and the electric dipole moment of the neutron impose that the new
physics scale should be of the order of 35 TeV. Contrary to naive expectations,
the predictions of the model for B physics are very close to the standard model
ones. The main differences appear in processes involving the up quarks such as
$D^0-\bar{D}^0$ mixing and in the electric dipole moment of the neutron, which
should be close to the experimental limit. Possible deviations from the
standard model predictions for CP asymmetries in B decays are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41079 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Results from SLD


  In this paper we present three updates to heavy flavour results from the SLD
detector at SLAC. These results are preliminary, based on our full 1993-1998
dataset of 550 000 hadronic Z0 decays produced with an average electron
polarisation of 73%. The new measurements are of the hadronic branching
fractions into heavy quarks (Rb, Rc), the b quark asymmetry (Ab) using jet
charge, and the heavy quark asymmetries (Ab and Ac) using vertex charge and
kaons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129375 </DOCNO>
Filaments in the Galactic Center -- with special reference to the Snake


  The nonthermal filaments in the Galactic Center constitute one of the great
mysteries of this region of the Galaxy. We summarise the observational data on
these filaments and critically review the various theories which currently
outnumber the observed filaments. We summarise out theory for the longest of
these filaments, the Snake, and discuss the relevance of this model for the
other filaments in the Galactic Center region. The physics involved in our
model for the Snake involves much of the physics that has dominated the career
of Professor Don Melrose. In particular, the diffusion of relativistic
electrons in the Snake is determined from the theory of resonant scattering by
Alfv\'en waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2831 </DOCNO>
Storage Capacity of Two-dimensional Neural Networks


  We investigate the maximum number of embedded patterns in the two-dimensional
Hopfield model. The grand state energies of two specific network states,
namely, the energies of the pure-ferromagnetic state and the state of specific
one stored pattern are calculated exactly in terms of the correlation function
of the ferromagnetic Ising model. We also investigate the energy landscape
around them by computer simulations. Taking into account the qualitative
features of the phase diagrams obtained by Nishimori, Whyte and Sherrington
[Phys. Rev. E {\bf 51}, 3628 (1995)], we conclude that the network cannot
retrieve more than three patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125678 </DOCNO>
The Angular Trispectrum of the CMB


  We study the general properties of the CMB temperature four-point function,
specifically its harmonic analogue the angular trispectrum, and illustrate its
utility in finding optimal quadratic statistics through the weak gravitational
lensing effect. We determine the general form of the trispectrum, under the
assumptions of rotational, permutation, and parity invariance, its estimators
on the sky, and their Gaussian noise properties. The signal-to-noise in the
trispectrum can be highly configuration dependent and any quadratic statistic
used to compress the information to a manageable two-point level must be
carefully chosen. Through a systematic study, we determine that for the case of
lensing a specific statistic, the divergence of a filtered temperature-weighted
temperature-gradient map, contains the maximal signal-to-noise and reduces the
variance of estimates of the large-scale convergence power spectrum by over an
order of magnitude over previous gradient-gradient techniques. The total
signal-to-noise for lensing with the Planck satellite is of order 60 for a LCDM
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 311 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic 2D Wigner islands


  In this paper we present new versatile "2D macroscopic Wigner islands" useful
to investigate the various behaviors observed in mesoscopic confined systems.
Our "Wigner islands" consist of electrostatically-interacting charged balls
with millimetric size. We have experimentally determined the ground
configurations for systems of N particles (N=1-30) confined in a parabolic
potential and checked the influence of the confinement and interacting
potentials. The results obtained are compared with the published numerical
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2610 </DOCNO>
Fractionalization patterns in strongly correlated electron systems:


  We discuss possible patterns of electron fractionalization in strongly
interacting electron systems. A popular possibility is one in which the charge
of the electron has been liberated from its Fermi statistics. Such a
fractionalized phase contains in it the seed of superconductivity. Another
possibility occurs when the spin of the electron, rather than its charge, is
liberated from its Fermi statistics. Such a phase contains in it the seed of
magnetism, rather than superconductivity. We consider models in which both of
these phases occur and study possible phase transitions between them. We
describe other fractionalized phases, distinct from these, in which fractions
of the electron themselves fractionalize, and discuss the topological
characterization of such phases. These ideas are illustrated with specific
models of p-wave superconductors, Kondo lattices, and coexistence between
d-wave superconductivity and antiferromagnetism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114062 </DOCNO>
Number of Transition Frequencies of a System Containing an Arbitrary


  ``Transition frequencies'' of a system containing an arbitrary number of
bubbles levitated in a liquid are discussed. Using a linear coupled-oscillator
model, it is shown theoretically that when the system contains $N$ bubbles of
different sizes, each bubble has $2N - 1$ (or less) transition frequencies
which make the phase difference between an external sound and a bubble's
pulsation $\pi / 2$. Furthermore, we discuss a discrepancy appearing between
the present result regarding the transition frequencies and existing ones for
the resonance frequencies in a two-bubble case, and show that the transition
frequency, defined as above, and the resonance frequency have a different
physical meaning when $N \ge 2$, while they are consistent for $N = 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75859 </DOCNO>
A kinetic approach to eta' production from a CP-odd phase


  The production of (eta,eta')- mesons during the decay of a CP-odd phase is
studied within an evolution operator approach. We derive a quantum kinetic
equation starting from the Witten-DiVecchia-Veneziano Lagrangian for
pseudoscalar mesons containing a U_A(1) symmetry breaking term. The non-linear
vacuum mean field for the flavour singlet pseudoscalar meson is treated as a
classical, self-interacting background field with fluctuations assumed to be
small. The numerical solution provides the time evolution of momentum
distribution function of produced eta'- mesons after a quench at the
deconfinement phase transition. We show that the time evolution of the momentum
distribution of the produced mesons depend strongly on the shape of the
effective potential at the end of the quench, exhibiting either parametric or
tachyonic resonances. Quantum statistical effects are essential and lead to a
pronounced Bose enhancement of the low momentum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179722 </DOCNO>
Two-body correlations in N=8 and 10 nuclei and effective neutron-neutron


  We apply a particle-particle RPA model to study the properties of the
two-neutron valence wave function in nuclei 14-C, 12-Be, 11-Li and 14-Be. The
RPA model takes account of two body correlations in the core so that it gives a
better description of energies and amplitudes than models which assume a
neutron closed shell (or subshell) core. With a Gogny neutron-neutron effective
interaction or with the equivalent density dependent delta force we are able to
reproduce the two-neutron separation energies in these nuclei and in the
corresponding cores, except for 9-Li. These calculations suggest the same
2s-1p1/2 shells inversion in 12-Be_13-Be than in 11-Be.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5284 </DOCNO>
Sznajd sociophysics model on a triangular lattice: ferro and


  The Sznajd sociophysics model is generalized on the triangular lattice with
pure antiferromagnetic opinion and also with both ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic opinions. The slogan of the trade union "united we stand,
divided we fall" can be realized via the propagation of ferromagnetic opinion
of adjacent people in the union, but the propagation of antiferromagnetic
opinion can be observed among the third countries between two big super powers
or among the family members of conflicting parents. Fixed points are found in
both models. The distributions of relaxation time of the mixed model are
disperse and become loser to log-normal as the initial concentration of down
spins approaches 0.5, whereas for pure antiferromagnetic spins they are
collapsed into one master curve which is roughly lognormal. We do not see the
phase transition in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168861 </DOCNO>
Diffusion Resonances in Action Space for an Atom Optics Kicked Rotor


  We numerically investigate momentum diffusion rates for the pulse kicked
rotor across the quantum to classical transition as the dynamics are made more
macroscopic by increasing the total system action. For initial and late time
rates we observe an enhanced diffusion peak which shifts and scales with
changing kick strength, and we also observe distinctive peaks around quantum
resonances. Our investigations take place in the context of a system of
ultracold atoms which is coupled to its environment via spontaneous emission
decoherence, and the effects should be realisable in ongoing experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83697 </DOCNO>
Information Integration and Computational Logic


  Information Integration is a young and exciting field with enormous research
and commercial significance in the new world of the Information Society. It
stands at the crossroad of Databases and Artificial Intelligence requiring
novel techniques that bring together different methods from these fields.
Information from disparate heterogeneous sources often with no a-priori common
schema needs to be synthesized in a flexible, transparent and intelligent way
in order to respond to the demands of a query thus enabling a more informed
decision by the user or application program. The field although relatively
young has already found many practical applications particularly for
integrating information over the World Wide Web. This paper gives a brief
introduction of the field highlighting some of the main current and future
research issues and application areas. It attempts to evaluate the current and
potential role of Computational Logic in this and suggests some of the problems
where logic-based techniques could be used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128728 </DOCNO>
Radio AGN Surveys


  We present a short overview of radio surveys for AGN, including the
`complete' flux limited surveys and `filtered' surveys. We also describe our
ultra-steep spectrum search for the highest redshift radio galaxies, and our
follow-up VLA and ATCA observations of the most distant (z=5.19) and the most
luminous z<2 radio galaxy known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124683 </DOCNO>
The Spin Temperature of Warm Interstellar H I


  Collisional excitation of the 21cm HI hyperfine transition is not strong
enough to thermalize it in warm neutral (``intercloud'') interstellar gas,
which we show by simultaneously solving the equations of ionization and
collisional equilibrium under typical conditions. Coupling of the 21cm
excitation temperature and local gas motions may be established by the Ly-alpha
radiation field, but only if strong Galactic Ly-alpha radiation permeates the
gas in question. The Ly-alpha radiation tends to impart to the gas its own
characteristic temperature, which is determined by the range of gas motions
that occur on the spatial scale of the Ly-alpha scattering. In general, the
calculation of H I spin temperatures is a more difficult and interesting
problem than might have been expected, as is any interpretation of H I spin
temperature measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5489 </DOCNO>
Why holes are not like electrons: A microscopic analysis of the


  We give a detailed microscopic analysis of why holes are different from
electrons in condensed matter. Starting from a single atom with zero, one and
two electrons, we show that the spectral functions for electrons and for holes
are qualitatively different because of electron-electron interactions. The
quantitative importance of this difference increases as the charge of the
nucleus decreases. Extrapolating our atomic analysis to the solid, we discuss
the expected differences in the single particle spectral function and in
frequency dependent transport properties for solids with nearly empty and
nearly full electronic energy bands. We discuss the expected dependence of
these quantities on doping, and the physics of superconductivity that results.
We also discuss how these features of the atomic physics can be modeled by a
variety of model Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6968 </DOCNO>
Subdiffusion and the cage effect studied near the colloidal glass


  The dynamics of a glass-forming material slow greatly near the glass
transition, and molecular motion becomes inhibited. We use confocal microscopy
to investigate the motion of colloidal particles near the colloidal glass
transition. As the concentration in a dense colloidal suspension is increased,
particles become confined in transient cages formed by their neighbors. This
prevents them from diffusing freely throughout the sample. We quantify the
properties of these cages by measuring temporal anticorrelations of the
particles' displacements. The local cage properties are related to the
subdiffusive rise of the mean square displacement: over a broad range of time
scales, the mean square displacement grows slower than linearly in time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81225 </DOCNO>
Light hadron spectrum using an O(a)-improved Wilson action with two


  I present results of recent work for the UKQCD Collaboration on the light
hadron spectrum using a non-perturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson action with two
degenerate flavours of dynamical quarks on a 16^3x32 lattice. Values of the
bare gauge coupling and bare dynamical quark mass were chosen to keep the
lattice spacing fixed at two distinct values in physical units as determined
through the Sommer scale parameter, r0. I also include results for a quenched
ensemble with a lattice spacing matching one of these dynamical sets and
results from an exploratory run at lighter bare quark mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85717 </DOCNO>
New constraints in dynamical torsion theory


  The most general Lagrangian for dynamical torsion theory quadratic in
curvature and torsion is considered. We impose two simple and physically
reasonable constraints on the solutions of the equations of motion: (i) there
must be solutions with zero curvature and nontrivial torsion and (ii) there
must be solutions with zero torsion and non covariantly constant curvature. The
constraints reduce the number of independent coupling constants from ten to
five. The resulting theory contains Einstein's general relativity and
Weitzenbock's absolute parallelism theory as the two sectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148753 </DOCNO>
F^5 contributions to the nonabelian Born Infeld action from a


  We consider the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. We
compute the one-loop contributions to the effective action with five external
vector fields and compare them with corresponding results in open superstring
theory. Our calculation determines the structure of the F^5 terms that appear
in the nonabelian generalization of the Born Infeld action. The trace operation
on the gauge group indices receives contributions from the symmetric as well as
the antisymmetric part. We find that in order to study corrections to the
symmetrized trace prescription one has to consistently take into account
derivative contributions not only with antisymmetrized products
\nabla_{[\mu}\nabla_{\nu]} but also with symmetrized ones
\nabla_{(\mu}\nabla_{\nu)}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75976 </DOCNO>
Hadronic potentials from effective field theories


  We construct the potentials that describe the spectrum and decay of
electromagnetic bound states of hadrons, and are consistent with ChPT. These
potentials satisfy the matching condition which enables one to express the
parameters of the potential through the threshold scattering amplitudes
calculated in ChPT. We further analyze the ambiguity in the choice of the
short-range hadronic potentials, which satisfy this matching condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2477 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetomotive Force Fields in Noninertial Reference Frames and


  We discuss the prospects of detecting with high precision the force fields
related to noninertiality in superconducting circuits. Special emphasis is
layed on the perfectly conducting and perfect diamagnetism analogues of the
Tolman-Stewart respectively Barnett effects. The influence of acceleration and
rotation on the electrodynamics of superconducting interferometers is
explicitely described. In particular we show how motion induced changes of the
oscillation frequency of the local Josephson oscillators in superconducting
quantum interference filters (SQIFs) can be used for precision measurements of
acceleration in free space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76945 </DOCNO>
Lepton pair decays of the $K_L$ meson in the light-front model


  We analyze $K_L$ lepton pair decays of $K_L \to l^+\l^-\gamma$ and $K_L \to
l^+l^-l'^+l'^-$ $(l, l'=e, \mu)$ within the framework of the light-front QCD
approach (LFQA). With the $K_L \to \gamma^* \gamma^*$ form factors evaluated in
a model with the LFQA, we calculate the decay branching ratios and find out
that our results are all consistent with the experimental data. In addition, we
study $K_L \to l^+l^-$ decays. We point out that our prediction on $K_L\to
e^+e^-$ is about 20% smaller than that in the ChPT. We also discuss whether one
could extract the short-distance physics from $K_L\to \mu^+\mu^-$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97482 </DOCNO>
Ribbon Tilings and Multidimensional Height Functions


  We fix $n$ and say a square in the two-dimensional grid indexed by $(x,y)$
has color $c$ if $x+y \equiv c \pmod{n}$. A {\it ribbon tile} of order $n$ is a
connected polyomino containing exactly one square of each color. We show that
the set of order-$n$ ribbon tilings of a simply connected region $R$ is in
one-to-one correspondence with a set of {\it height functions} from the
vertices of $R$ to $\mathbb Z^{n}$ satisfying certain difference restrictions.
It is also in one-to-one correspondence with the set of acyclic orientations of
a certain partially oriented graph.
  Using these facts, we describe a linear (in the area of $R$) algorithm for
determining whether $R$ can be tiled with ribbon tiles of order $n$ and
producing such a tiling when one exists. We also resolve a conjecture of Pak by
showing that any pair of order-$n$ ribbon tilings of $R$ can be connected by a
sequence of local replacement moves. Some of our results are generalizations of
known results for order-2 ribbon tilings (a.k.a. domino tilings). We also
discuss applications of multidimensional height functions to a broader class of
polyomino tiling problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149805 </DOCNO>
Classification of Poisson-Lie T-dual models with two-dimensional targets


  Four-dimensional Manin triples and Drinfeld doubles are classified and
corresponding two-dimensional Poisson-Lie T-dual sigma models on them are
constructed. The simplest example of a Drinfeld double allowing decomposition
into two nontrivially different Manin triples is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128458 </DOCNO>
The Alignment Effect of Brightest Cluster Galaxies in the SDSS


  One of the most vital observational clues for unraveling the origin of
Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCG) is the observed alignment of the BCGs with
their host cluster and its surroundings. We have examined the BCG-cluster
alignment effect, using clusters of galaxies detected from the Sloan Digital
Sky Survey (SDSS). We find that the BCGs are preferentially aligned with the
principal axis of their hosts, to a much higher redshift (z >~ 0.3) than probed
by previous studies (z <~ 0.1). The alignment effect strongly depends on the
magnitude difference of the BCG and the second and third brightest cluster
members: we find a strong alignment effect for the dominant BCGs, while less
dominant BCGs do not show any departure from random alignment with respect to
the cluster. We therefore claim that the alignment process originates from the
same process that makes the BCG grow dominant, be it direct mergers in the
early stage of cluster formation, or a later process that resembles the
galactic cannibalism scenario. We do not find strong evidence for (or against)
redshift evolution between 0<z<0.45, largely due to the insufficient sample
size (< 200 clusters). However, we have developed a framework by which we can
examine many more clusters in an automated fashion for the upcoming SDSS
cluster catalogs, which will provide us with better statistics for systematic
investigations of the alignment with redshift, richness and morphology of both
the cluster and the BCG.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128823 </DOCNO>
An electrically powered binary star?


  We propose a model for stellar binary systems consisting of a magnetic and a
non-magnetic white-dwarf pair which is powered principally by electrical
energy. In our model the luminosity is caused by resistive heating of the
stellar atmospheres due to induced currents driven within the binary. This
process is reminiscent of the Jupiter-Io system, but greatly increased in power
because of the larger companion and stronger magnetic field of the primary.
Electrical power is an alternative stellar luminosity source, following on from
nuclear fusion and accretion. We find that this source of heating is sufficient
to account for the observed X-ray luminosity of the 9.5-min binary RX J1914+24,
and provides an explanation for its puzzling characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169323 </DOCNO>
Single mode realizations of the Higgs algebra


  In this paper we obtained for the Higgs algebra three kinds of single-mode
realizations such as the unitary Holstein-Primakoff-like realization, the
non-unitary Dyson-like realization and the unitary realization based upon
Villain-like realization. The corresponding similarity transformations between
the Holstein-Primakoff-like realizations and the Dyson-like realizations are
revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128319 </DOCNO>
On Radio Quiescence of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft Gamma-Ray


  In the hot environments of the anomalous X-ray pulsars and the soft gamma-ray
repeaters, as indicated by their luminous, pulsed, quiescent X-ray emission,
$\gamma$-rays generated from the inner gaps may have shorter attenuation
lengths via two photon pair production than via magnetic photon splitting. The
AXP/SGR environments may not be pairless, even if photon splitting could
completely suppress one photon pair production in super-strong magnetic fields,
as conjectured by Baring & Harding. Two-photon pair production more likely
occurs near the threshold, which tends to generate low energy pairs that are
not energetic enough to power radio emission in the observed bands. However,
emission in longer wavelengths may not be prohibited in principle if these
objects are indeed magnetars. The so-called ``photon splitting deathlines'' are
still valid for high magnetic field pulsars which are much dimmer in X-rays, if
$\gamma$-rays with both polarization modes split.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72862 </DOCNO>
A Study of Light Mesons on the Transverse Lattice


  We present results from a study of light meson spectra and structure obtained
within the framework of light-front QCD formulated on a transverse lattice. We
discuss how imposing Lorentz covariance conditions on meson dispersion
relations allows determination of parameters in the transverse lattice
Hamiltonian. The pion distribution amplitude obtained in this framework is
rather close to its asymptotic shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81258 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics with 3 and 2+1 Flavors of Improved Staggered Quarks


  We present preliminary results from exploring the phase diagram of finite
temperature QCD with three degenerate flavors and with two light flavors and
the mass of the third held approximately at the strange quark mass. We use an
order $\alpha_s^2 a^2, a^4$ Symanzik improved gauge action and an order
$\alpha_s a^2, a^4$ improved staggered quark action. The improved staggered
action leads to a dispersion relation with diminished lattice artifacts, and
hence better thermodynamic properties. It decreases the flavor symmetry
breaking of staggered quarks substantially, and we estimate that at the
transition temperature for an $N_t=8$ to $N_t=10$ lattice {\em all} pions will
be lighter than the lightest kaon. Preliminary results on lattices with
$N_t=4$, 6 and 8 are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125750 </DOCNO>
AGN: The High-Energy Status before INTEGRAL


  Much progress in the knowledge of the high-energy emission (>50 keV) from
Active Galactic Nuclei has been made during the last decade, predominately by
the experiments aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. After the end of the
CGRO mission and prior to the upcoming INTEGRAL mission the current status of
high-energy emission properties and scenarios is summarized for different AGN
classes. In addition, prospects for INTEGRAL observations of AGN are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127842 </DOCNO>
Determination of limits on disc masses around six pulsars at 15 and 90


  We have searched for evidence of emission at 15 microns with ISOCAM and at 90
microns with ISOPHOT from dust orbiting six nearby pulsars, both in binaries
and in isolation, located at distances between about 100 to 1000 pc. No
emission was detected at any of the pulsar positions, and for the nearest
pulsar J0108-1431 the 3 sigma upper limits on the flux density is about 66 mJy
at 15 microns and 22.5 mJy at 90 microns. Upper limits on the masses of
circumpulsar dust are inferred at a given temperature using a simple modelling
of the radiated flux; they are compared to upper limits of orbiting mass
obtained with the dust heating model of Foster & Fisher (1996). These results
suggest that it is unlikely that any of them have sufficiently massive,
circumpulsar discs out of which planets may form in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86369 </DOCNO>
From brane assisted inflation to quintessence through a single scalar


  We explore within the context of brane cosmology whether it is possible to
obtain both early inflation and accelerated expansion during the present epoch
through the dynamics of the same scalar field in an exponential potential.
Considerations from successful inflation and viable radiation and matter
dominated eras impose constraints on the parameters of the potential. We find
that the additional requirement of late time quintessence behaviour in
conformity with present observations necessitates the inclusion of two
exponential terms in the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126274 </DOCNO>
Competition between shocks and entropy floor : unifying groups and


  Semi-analytic models of X-ray clusters and groups of galaxies, relying on the
idea that there was a non-gravitational energy injection in these systems, are
able to reproduce many observed correlations, in particular the L_X-T relation
and the ``central entropy floor'' in groups. Limiting models exist which
describe the behaviour of clusters and groups separately, but no analytic
modeling has yet been found to unify both mass ranges. {\it It is the aim of
this paper to provide such an analytic model.} Our description relies on a now
standard description of the shock thought to occur in these systems near the
virial radius (Cavaliere et al., 98), the isothermality and spherical symmetry
of the intracluster medium, as well as the reinterpretation of observed
quantities (like the X-ray luminosity, the gas mass M_{ICM} and the central SZ
effect y_0) in terms of the specific entropy. This allows the derivation of
analytic expressions for several observed correlations (L_X-T, M_{ICM}-T,
y_0-T,...) and their normalisation encompassing \emph{both the group and the
cluster regimes}. The analytic predictions compare very well with observations,
as well as with more elaborated semi-analytic schemes. This agreement allows a
reinterpretation of the L_X-T relation (via the quantity L_X/T^{7/2}) and the
y_0-T relation (via y_0/T^{5/2}) as indirect measures of the non-gravitational
entropy content of groups and clusters of galaxies. Finally, we emphasize the
need for shock heating, even in the group mass range : \emph{shocks can not be
completely supressed in groups} (and thus groups can not be entirely
isentropic) unless an unacceptably high entropy floor is needed in order to
break the self-similarity in the L_X-T relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96974 </DOCNO>
Noetherianity of the Space of Irreducible Representations


  Let $R$ be an associative ring with identity. We study an elementary
generalization of the classical Zariski topology, applied to the set of
isomorphism classes of simple left $R$-modules (or, more generally, simple
objects in a complete abelian category). Under this topology the points are
closed, and when $R$ is left noetherian the corresponding topological space is
noetherian. If $R$ is commutative (or PI, or FBN) the topology is equivalent to
the Zariski topology, and when $R$ is the first Weyl algebra (in characteristic
zero) we obtain a one-dimensional irreducible noetherian topological space.
Comparisons with topologies induced from those on A. L. Rosenberg's spectra are
briefly noted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169329 </DOCNO>
Hilbert's Incompleteness, Chaitin's $\Omega$ number and Quantum Physics


  To explore the limitation of a class of quantum algorithms originally
proposed for the Hilbert's tenth problem, we consider two further classes of
mathematically non-decidable problems, those of a modified version of the
Hilbert's tenth problem and of the computation of the Chaitin's $\Omega$
number, which is a representation of the G\"odel's Incompletness theorem. Some
interesting connection to Quantum Field Theory is pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113865 </DOCNO>
Radar equations in the problem of radio wave backscattering during


  This paper outlines a method of obtaining the relation between the singly
scattered signal and the Fourier-spectrum of medium dielectric permititvity
fluctuations, with due regard for the fact that the scattering volume is
determined by antenna patterns and is not small. On the basis of this equation
we obtained the radar equation relating the scattered signal spectrum to the
spatial spectrum of fluctuations. Also, a statistical radar equation is
obtained, which relates the mean statistical power of the scattered signal to
the spectral density of the dielectric permitivity fluctuations without a
classical approximation of the smallness of the irregularities spatial
correlation radius. The work deals with the bistatic sounding case, when the
exact forward and exact backward scattering are absent, and sounding signal
have sufficiently norrow spectral band for scattered volume to change slowly on
ranges of Fresnel radius order. The statistical radar equations obtained
differs from the classical ones in the presence the coherent structures with
big correlation radii, and so the received signal spectrum can differ from
intrinsic spectrum of irregularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126987 </DOCNO>
X-ray Properties of the Central kpc of AGN and Starbursts: The Latest


  The X-ray properties of 15 nearby (v<3,000 km/s) galaxies that possess AGN
and/or starbursts are discussed. Two-thirds have nuclear extended emission on
scales from ~0.5 to ~1.5 kpc that is either clearly associated with a nuclear
outflow or morphologically resembles an outflow. Galaxies that are
AGN-dominated tend to have linear structures while starburst-dominated galaxies
tend to have plume-like structures. Significant X-ray absorption is present in
the starburst regions, indicating that a circumnuclear starburst is sufficient
to block an AGN at optical wavelengths. Galaxies with starburst activity
possess more X-ray point sources within their central kpc than non-starbursts.
Many of these sources are more luminous than typical X-ray binaries. The
Chandra results are discussed in terms of the starburst-AGN connection, a
revised unified model for AGN, and possible evolutionary scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74924 </DOCNO>
Some Properties of Domain Wall Solution in the Randall-Sundrum Model


  Properties of the domain wall (kink) solution in the 5 dimensional
Randall-Sundrum model are examined both {\it analytically} and {\it
numerically}. The configuration is derived by the bulk Higgs mechanism. We
focus on 1) the convergence property of the solution, 2) the stableness of the
solution, 3) the non-singular property of the Riemann curvature, 4) the
behaviours of the warp factor and the Higgs field. It is found that the bulk
curvature changes the sign around the surface of the wall. We also present some
{\it exact} solutions for two simple cases: a) the no potential case, b) the
cosmological term dominated case. Both solutions have the (naked) curvature
singularity. We can regard the domain wall solution as a singularity resolution
of the exact solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114406 </DOCNO>
Advanced Computer Analyst


  The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) vacuum instrumentation and control
systems are being designed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL),
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
facility (TJNAF) and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Each participating
lab is responsible for a different section of the machine: LBNL for the
Front-End section, LANL for the warm LINAC section, TJNAF for the cold LINAC
section and BNL for the Ring and transfer line sections. The vacuum
instrumentation and control systems are scheduled to be installed and be in
operation at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 2004 or 2005. Although the
requirements vary for different sections of the machine, a collaborative effort
has been made to standardize vacuum instrumentation components and the global
control system interfaces. This paper summarizes the design of each sub-section
of vacuum instrumentation and control system and discusses SNS standards for
Ion Pump and Gauge controllers, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) interfaces,
Ladder Logic programming and the SNS global control system interfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76386 </DOCNO>
Variational approach to dynamics of quantum fields


  Lectures deliverd at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on QCD Perspectives on
Hot and Dense Matter, Cargese, Aug. 6 - 18, 2001. Dedicated to the memory of
Dominique Vautherin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148411 </DOCNO>
The noncommutative harmonic oscillator in more than one dimensions


  The noncommutative harmonic oscillator in arbitrary dimension is examined. It
is shown that the $\star$-genvalue problem can be decomposed into separate
harmonic oscillator equations for each dimension. The noncommutative plane is
investigated in greater detail. The constraints for rotationally symmetric
solutions and the corresponding two-dimensional harmonic oscillator are solved.
The angular momentum operator is derived and its $\star$-genvalue problem is
shown to be equivalent to the usual eigenvalue problem. The $\star$-genvalues
for the angular momentum are found to depend on the energy difference of the
oscillations in each dimension. Furthermore two examples of assymetric
noncommutative harmonic oscillator are analysed. The first is the
noncommutative two-dimensional Landau problem and the second is the
three-dimensional harmonic oscillator with symmetrically noncommuting
coordinates and momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1956 </DOCNO>
A continuous compositional-spread technique based on pulsed-laser


  A novel continuous-compositional spread technique based on the non-uniformity
of the deposition rate typically observed in Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) is
introduced. The approach uses the spatial variations in the deposition-rate
naturally occurring in PLD; therefore, there is no need for the masks typically
used in combinatorial techniques. Consequently, combinatorial materials
synthesis can be carried out under optimized film growth conditions (e.g. at
high temperature). Additionally, lifting the need for post-annealing renders
this method applicable to heat-sensitive materials and substrates (e.g. films
of transparent oxides on polymer substrates). Composition determination across
the sample and mapping of physical properties onto the ternary phase diagram is
achieved via a simple algorithm using the parameters that describe the
deposition-rate profiles. Results are shown for the high-temperature growth of
crystalline perovskites (including (Ba,Sr)TiO3 and the formation of a
metastable alloy between SrRuO3 and SrSnO3) and the room-temperature growth of
transparent conducting oxides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128229 </DOCNO>
Asymmetry of the PLANCK antenna beam shape and its manifestation in the


  We present a new method to extract the beam shape incorporated in the
pixelized map of CMB experiments. This method is based on the interplay of the
amplitudes and phases of the signal and instrumental noise. By adding
controlled white noise onto the map, the phases are perturbed in such a way
that the beam shape manifests itself through the mean-squared value of the
difference between original and perturbed phases. This method is useful in
extracting preliminary antenna beam shape without time-consuming spherical
harmonic computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127468 </DOCNO>
Spectral Properties of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts


  The distribution of GRB durations is bimodal, but there is little additional
evidence to support the division of GRBs into short and long classes. Based on
simple hardness ratios, several studies have shown a tendency for longer GRBs
to have softer energy spectra. Using a database of standard model fits to BATSE
GRBs, we compare the distributions of spectral parameters for short and long
bursts. Our preliminary results show that the average spectral break energy
differs discontinuously between short and long burst classes, but within each
class shows only a weak dependence on burst duration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81165 </DOCNO>
Calculation of Non-Leptonic Kaon Decay Amplitudes from $K\to\pi$ Matrix


  We explore application of the domain wall fermion formalism of lattice QCD to
calculate the $K\to\pi\pi$ decay amplitudes in terms of the $K\to\pi$ and $K\to
0$ hadronic matrix elements through relations derived in chiral perturbation
theory. Numerical simulations are carried out in quenched QCD using domain-wall
fermion action for quarks and an RG-improved gauge action for gluons on a
$16^3\times 32\times 16$ and $24^3\times 32\times 16$ lattice at $\beta=2.6$
corresponding to the lattice spacing $1/a\approx 2$GeV. Quark loop contractions
which appear in Penguin diagrams are calculated by the random noise method, and
the $\Delta I=1/2$ matrix elements which require subtractions with the quark
loop contractions are obtained with a statistical accuracy of about 10%. We
confirm the chiral properties required of the $K\to\pi$ matrix elements.
Matching the lattice matrix elements to those in the continuum at $\mu=1/a$
using the perturbative renormalization factor to one loop order, and running to
the scale $\mu=m_c=1.3$ GeV with the renormalization group for $N_f=3$ flavors,
we calculate all the matrix elements needed for the decay amplitudes. With
these matrix elements, the $\Delta I=3/2$ decay amplitude shows a good
agreement with experiment in the chiral limit. The $\Delta I=1/2$ amplitude, on
the other hand, is about 50--60% of the experimental one even after chiral
extrapolation. In view ofthe insufficient enhancement of the $\Delta I=1/2$
contribution, we employ the experimental values for the real parts of the decay
amplitudes in our calculation of $\epsilon'/\epsilon$. We find that the $\Delta
I=3/2$ contribution is larger than the $\Delta I=1/2$ contribution so that
$\epsilon'/\epsilon$ is negative and has a magnitude of order $10^{-4}$.
Possible reasons for these unsatisfactory results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3671 </DOCNO>
Can disorder induce a finite thermal conductivity in 1D lattices?


  We study heat conduction in one dimensional mass disordered harmonic and
anharmonic lattices. It is found that the thermal conductivity $\kappa$ of the
disordered anharmonic lattice is finite at low temperature, whereas it diverges
as $\kappa \sim N^{0.43}$ at high temperature. Moreover, we demonstrate that a
unique nonequilibrium stationary state in the disordered harmonic lattice does
not exist at all.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7046 </DOCNO>
SU(2) instantons with boundary jumps and spin tunneling in magnetic


  Coherent state path integrals are shown in general to contain instantons with
jumps at the boundaries, i.e., with boundary points lying outside classical
parameter or phase space. As an example, the magnetic molecule Fe_8 is studied
using a realistic Hamiltonian, and instanons with jumps are shown to dominate
beyond a certain external magnetic field. An approximate formula is found for
the fields where ground state tunneling is quenched in this molecule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5146 </DOCNO>
Continuous detection of an atom laser beam


  We have demonstrated a detection scheme for atom laser beams that allows for
a continuous measurement of the atom density and readout of the data in
real-time. The atoms in the atom laser beam are transferred locally from the
lower to the upper hyperfine ground state of $^{87}$Rb by coherent coupling and
are subsequently detected by an absorption measurement. The detection is
non-destructive to the Bose-Einstein condensate in the magnetic trap and the
atom laser beam remains unaffected outside the detection region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3473 </DOCNO>
Coherent transport in disordered metals out of equilibrium


  We derive a formula for the quantum corrections to the electrical current for
a metal out of equilibrium. In the limit of linear current-voltage
characteristics our formula reproduces the well known Altshuler-Aronov
correction to the conductivity of a disordered metal. The current formula is
obtained by a direct diagrammatic approach, and is shown to agree with what is
obtained within the Keldysh formulation of the non-linear sigma model. As an
application we calculate the current of a mesoscopic wire. We find a
current-voltage characteristics that scales with $eV/kT$, and calculate the
different scaling curves for a wire in the hot-electron regime and in the
regime of full non-equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169415 </DOCNO>
Exact gate-sequences for universal quantum computation using the


  In a previous publication [1] we showed that it is possible to implement
universal quantum computation with the anisotropic XY-Heisenberg exchange
acting as a single interaction. To achieve this we used encodings of the states
of the computation into a larger Hilbert space. This proof is non-
constructive, however, and did not explicitly give the trade-offs in time that
are required to implement encoded single qubit operations and encoded two-qubit
gates. Here we explicitly give the gate-sequences needed to simulate these
operations on encoded qubits and qutrits and analyze the trade-offs involved.
We also propose a possible layout for the qubits in a triangular arrangement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5711 </DOCNO>
Long-Range Coherence in a Mesoscopic Metal near a Superconducting


  We identify the different contributions to quantum interference in a
mesoscopic metallic loop in contact with two superconducting electrodes. At low
temperature, a flux-modulated Josephson coupling is observed with strong
damping over the thermal length L_{T}. At higher temperature, the
magnetoresistance exhibits large h/2e-periodic oscillations with 1/T power law
decay. This flux-sensitive contribution arises from coherence of low-energy
quasiparticles states over the phase-breaking length L_{\phi}. Mesoscopic
fluctuations contribute as a small h/e oscillation, resolved only in the purely
normal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96559 </DOCNO>
Geometric methods for improving the upper bounds on the number of


  Currently, the best upper bounds on the number of rational points on an
absolutely irreducible, smooth, projective algebraic curve of genus g defined
over a finite field F_q come either from Serre's refinement of the Weil bound
if the genus is small compared to q, or from Oesterle's optimization of the
explicit formulae method if the genus is large.
  This paper presents three methods for improving these bounds. The arguments
used are the indecomposability of the theta divisor of a curve, Galois descent,
and Honda-Tate theory. Examples of improvements on the bounds include lowering
them for a wide range of small genus when q=2^3, 2^5, 2^{13}, 3^3, 3^5, 5^3,
5^7, and when q=2^{2s}, s>1. For large genera, isolated improvements are
obtained for q=3,8,9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96263 </DOCNO>
Flux fluctuations in the one dimensional nearest neighbors symmetric


  Let $J(t)$ be the the integrated flux of particles in the symmetric simple
exclusion process starting with the product invariant measure $\nu_\rho$ with
density $\rho$. We compute its rescaled asymptotic variance: \[
\lim_{t\to\infty} t^{-1/2} \V J(t) = \sqrt{2/\pi} (1-\rho)\rho \] Furthermore
we show that $t^{-1/4}J(t)$ converges weakly to a centered normal random
variable with this variance. From these results we compute the asymptotic
variance of a tagged particle in the nearest neighbor case and show the
corresponding central limit theorem, results previously proven by Arratia.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113828 </DOCNO>
Investigation of the proportional discharge mechanism in


  A shape of the signals in proportional chamber with preamplification gap and
electron component extraction from proportional discharge has been
investigated. It was shown for Penning mixtures that in proportional discharge
besides the primary avalanches there is also the tail of secondary avalanches
caused by metastable and nonmetastable Penning effects. For different mixtures
of gases the duration of the signals caused by secondary avalanches are equal
to ~ n*10 microseconds (n = 1 - 10), the total charge of secondary avalanches
is comparable or larger than in primary avalanches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84067 </DOCNO>
Rational Competitive Analysis


  Much work in computer science has adopted competitive analysis as a tool for
decision making under uncertainty. In this work we extend competitive analysis
to the context of multi-agent systems. Unlike classical competitive analysis
where the behavior of an agent's environment is taken to be arbitrary, we
consider the case where an agent's environment consists of other agents. These
agents will usually obey some (minimal) rationality constraints. This leads to
the definition of rational competitive analysis. We introduce the concept of
rational competitive analysis, and initiate the study of competitive analysis
for multi-agent systems. We also discuss the application of rational
competitive analysis to the context of bidding games, as well as to the
classical one-way trading problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87231 </DOCNO>
Analytical approach to critical collapse in 2+1 dimensions


  We present a family of time-dependent solutions to 2+1 gravity with negative
cosmological constant and a massless scalar field as source. These solutions
are continuously self-similar near the central singularity. We analyze linear
perturbations of these solutions, and discuss the subtle question of boundary
conditions. We find two growing modes, one of which corresponds to the
linearization of static singular solutions, while the other describes black
hole formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97131 </DOCNO>
The many faces of cyclic branched coverings of 2-bridge knots and links


  We discuss 3-manifolds which are cyclic coverings of the 3-sphere, branched
over 2-bridge knots and links. Different descriptions of these manifolds are
presented: polyhedral, Heegaard diagram, Dehn surgery and coloured graph
constructions. Using these descriptions, we give presentations for their
fundamental groups, which are cyclic presentations in the case of 2-bridge
knots. The homology groups are given for a wide class of cases. Moreover, we
prove that each singly-cyclic branched covering of a 2-bridge link is the
composition of a meridian-cyclic branched covering of a determined link and a
cyclic branched covering of a trivial knot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5535 </DOCNO>
Giant nonlinear response of superconducting single crystal niobium in a


  Giant enhancement of the nonlinear response of a single crystal of Nb placed
in a sweeping magnetic field has been experimentally observed. The rectified
signal from Nb ($Tc=9.15$ K) has been measured by means of an inductive method
as a function of temperature, dc field, dc field sweep rate, and the amplitude
of ac field. The Nb sample was excited by an amplitude modulated ac field.
Under a stationary regime, the rectified signal appears only for magnetic
fields ($H_0$) in the range $H_{c2}<H_0<H_{c3}$ . However, when the dc field
was swept slowly, the rectified signal appears at $H_0>H_{c1}$. This experiment
shows that the amplitude of the rectified signal is two orders of magnitude
larger than the amplitude of the signal seen under stationary field conditions.
Moreover, the amplitude of the rectified signal is a power function of the
sweep rate, with the power exponent close to 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179700 </DOCNO>
Randomness and collectivity in nuclear structure: Three theoretical


  We show and interpret three examples of nontrivial results obtained in
numerical simulations of many-body systems: exponential convergence of
low-lying energy eigenvalues in the process of progressive truncation of huge
shell-model matrices, apparently ordered spectra generated by random
interactions, and regular behavior of complex many-body energies in a system
with single-particle orbitals in continuum. The possible practical applications
and new approaches are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169068 </DOCNO>
Path Integration on a Quantum Computer


  We study path integration on a quantum computer that performs quantum
summation. We assume that the measure of path integration is Gaussian, with the
eigenvalues of its covariance operator of order j^{-k} with k>1. For the Wiener
measure occurring in many applications we have k=2. We want to compute an
$\e$-approximation to path integrals whose integrands are at least Lipschitz.
We prove:
  1. Path integration on a quantum computer is tractable.
  2. Path integration on a quantum computer can be solved roughly $\e^{-1}$
times faster than on a classical computer using randomization, and
exponentially faster than on a classical computer with a worst case assurance.
  3.The number of quantum queries is the square root of the number of function
values needed on a classical computer using randomization.
  4.The number of qubits is polynomial in $\e^{-1}$. Furthermore, for the
Wiener measure the degree is 2 for Lipschitz functions, and the degree is 1 for
smoother integrands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41546 </DOCNO>
Simultaneously non-linear energy calibration of CMS calorimeters for


  CMS calorimeter energy calibration was done in the full CMS simulated
geometry for the pseudorapidity region eta = 0. The samples of single pion
events were generated with a set of incident energies from 5 GeV to 3 TeV and
for single electrons from 5 to 500 GeV. The analysis of the simulated data
shows that standard calibration using just sampling coefficients for
calorimeter parts with different sampling ratio gives nonlinear calorimeter
response. Non-linear calibration technique was applied simultaneously for pion
and electron beams which is preparation for jets energy reconstruction. It
improve calorimeter energy resolution for pions and restore the calorimeter
linearity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126746 </DOCNO>
The nature of the dwarf population in Abell 868


  We present the results of a study of the morphology of the dwarf galaxy
population in Abell 868, a rich, intermediate redshift (z=0.154) cluster which
has a galaxy luminosity function with a steep faint-end slope (alpha=-1.26 +/-
0.05). A statistical background subtraction method is employed to study the B-R
colour distribution of the cluster galaxies. This distribution suggests that
the galaxies contributing to the faint-end of the measured cluster LF can be
split into three populations: dIrrs with B-R<1.4; dEs with 1.4<B-R<2.5; and
contaminating background giant ellipticals (gEs) with B-R>2.5. The remvoal of
the contribution of the background gEs from the counts only marginally lessens
the faint-end slope (alpha=-1.22 +/- 0.16). However, the removal of the
contribution of the dIrrs from the counts produces a flat LF (alpha=-0.91 +/-
0.16). The dEs and the dIrrs have similar spatial distributions within the
cluster except that the dIrrs appear to be totally absent within a central
projected radius of about 0.2 Mpc (Ho=75 km/s /Mpc). The number density of both
dEs and dIrrs appear to fall off beyond a projected radius of about 0.35 Mpc.
We suggest that the dE and dIrr populations of A868 have been associated with
the cluster for similar timescales but that evolutionary processes such as
`galaxy harassment' tend to fade the dIrr galaxies while having much less
effect on the dE galaxies. The harassement would be expected to have the
greatest effect on dwarfs residing in the central parts of the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97008 </DOCNO>
Integrals, quantum Galois extensions and the affineness criterion for


  We introduce and study a general concept of integral of a threetuple (H, A,
C), where H is a Hopf algebra acting on a coalgebra C and coacting on an
algebra A. In particular, quantum integrals associated to Yetter-Drinfel'd
modules are defined. Let A be an H-bicomodule algebra, $^H {\cal YD}_A$ be the
category of (generalized) Yetter-Drinfel'd modules and $B$ the subalgebra of
coinvariants of the Verma structure of $A$. We introduce the concept of quantum
Galois extensions and we prove the affineness criterion in a quantum version.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2634 </DOCNO>
A new mechanism of neutron star radiation


  We find a new mechanism of neutron star radiation wherein thermally excited
helical waves of vortices in the superfluid core of a rotating neutron star
produce Alfven waves at the star crust. Alfven waves propagate along magnetic
field lines and come out from magnetic poles as electromagnetic radiation. Our
mechanism can explaine nonthermal radiation of middle-aged pulsars observed in
infrared, optical and hard X-ray bands. The radiation is produced in the star
interior, rather then in magnetosphere, which allows direct determination of
the core temperature. We find that the core temperature of some neutron stars
exceeds $10^8$K, which rules out equation of states incorporating Bose
condensations of pions or kaons and quark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 173959 </DOCNO>
Fractal and chaotic solutions of the discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger


  We discuss stationary solutions of the discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger
equation (DNSE) with a potential of the $\phi^{4}$ type which is generically
applicable to several quantum spin, electron and classical lattice systems. We
show that there may arise chaotic spatial structures in the form of
incommensurate or irregular quantum states. As a first (typical) example we
consider a single electron which is strongly coupled with phonons on a $1D$
chain of atoms --- the (Rashba)--Holstein polaron model. In the adiabatic
approximation this system is conventionally described by the DNSE. Another
relevant example is that of superconducting states in layered superconductors
described by the same DNSE. Amongst many other applications the typical
example for a classical lattice is a system of coupled nonlinear oscillators.
We present the exact energy spectrum of this model in the strong coupling
limit and the corresponding wave function. Using this as a starting point we
go on to calculate the wave function for moderate coupling and find that the
energy eigenvalue of these structures of the wave function is in exquisite
agreement with the exact strong coupling result. This procedure allows us to
obtain (numerically) exact solutions of the DNSE directly. When applied to our
typical example we find that the wave function of an electron on a deformable
lattice (and other quantum or classical discrete systems) may exhibit
incommensurate and irregular structures. These states are analogous to the
periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic structures found in classical chaotic
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97778 </DOCNO>
Global geometrised Rankin-Selberg method for GL(n)


  We propose a geometric interpretation of the classical Rankin-Selberg method
for GL(n) in the framework of the geometric Langlands program. We show that the
geometric Langlands conjecture for an irreducible unramified local system $E$
of rank $n$ on a curve implies the existence of automorphic sheaves
corresponding to the universal deformation of $E$. Then we calculate the
`scalar product' of two automorphic sheaves attached to this universal
deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129531 </DOCNO>
The highly variable X-ray spectrum of the luminous Seyfert 1 galaxy 1H


  An XMM-Newton observation of the luminous Seyfert 1 galaxy 1H 0419-577 is
presented. We find that the spectrum is well fitted by a power law of canonical
slope (gamma ~ 1.9) and 3 blackbody components (to model the strong soft
excess). The XMM data are compared and contrasted with observations by ROSAT in
1992 and by ASCA and BeppoSAX in 1996. We find that the overall X-ray spectrum
has changed substantially over the period, and suggest that the changes are
driven by the soft X-ray component. When bright, as in our XMM-Newton
observation, it appears that the enhanced soft flux cools the Comptonising
corona, causing the 2-10 keV power law to assume a `typical' slope, in contrast
to the unusually hard (`photon-starved') spectra observed by ASCA and BeppoSAX
four years earlier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5029 </DOCNO>
Velocity distribution of high-energy particles


  High energy infers high velocity and high velocity is a concept of special
relativity. The Maxwellian velocity distribution is corrected to be consistent
with special relativity. The corrected velocity distribution reduces to the
Maxwellian distribution for small velocities and vanishes at the velocity of
light, and contains a relatively depleted high-energy tail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99088 </DOCNO>
Grassmann defectivity \`a la Terracini


  This work is a modern revisitation of a classical paper by Alessandro
Terracini, going back to 1915, which suggests an elementary but powerful method
for studing Grassmann defective varieties. In particular, the case of Veronese
surfaces is completely understood, giving an positive answer to the so-called
Waring problem for pairs of homogeneous polynomials in three variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127325 </DOCNO>
On the detectability of gravitational waves background produced by gamma


  In this paper we discuss a new strategy for the detection of gravitational
radiation likely emitted by cosmological gamma ray burst. Robust and
conservative estimates lead to the conclusion that the uncorrelated
superimposition of bursts of gravitational waves can be detected by
interferometric detectors like VIRGO or LIGO. The expected signal is predicted
to carry two very distinctive signatures: the cosmological dipole anisotropy
and a characteristic time scale in the auto correlation spectrum, which might
be exploited, perhaps with ad hoc modifications and/or upgrading of the planned
experiments, to confirm the non-instrumental origin of the signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86140 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Constant Problem and Kaluza-Klein Theory


  We present technical results which extend previous work and show that the
cosmological constant of general relativity is an artefact of the reduction to
4D of 5D Kaluza-Klein theory (or 10D superstrings and 11D supergravity). We
argue that the distinction between matter and vacuum is artificial in the
context of ND field theory. The concept of a cosmological ``constant'' (which
measures the energy density of the vacuum in 4D) should be replaced by that of
a series of variable fields whose sum is determined by a solution of ND field
equations in a well-defined manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128569 </DOCNO>
Spectral, polarisation and time-lag properties of GRS 1915+105 radio


  We report high sensitivity dual-frequency observations of radio oscillations
from GRS 1915+105 following the decay of a major flare event in 2000 July. The
oscillations are clearly observed at both frequencies, and the time-resolved
spectral index traces the events between optically thin and thick states. While
previously anticipated from sparse observations and simple theory, this is the
first time a quasi-periodic signal has been seen in the radio spectrum, and is
a clear demonstration that flat radio spectra can arise from the combination of
emission from optically thick and thin regions. In addition, we measure the
linear polarisation of the oscillations, at both frequencies, at a level of
about 1--2%, with a flat spectrum. Cross-correlating the two light curves we
find a mean delay, in the sense that the emission at 8640 MHz leads that at
4800 MHz, of around 600 seconds. Comparison with frequency-dependent time
delays reported in the literature reveals that this delay is variable between
epochs. We briefly discuss possible origins for a varying time delay, and
suggest possible consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149271 </DOCNO>
Vacuum polarisation induced coupling between Maxwell and Kalb-Ramond


  We present here a manifestly gauge invariant calculation of vacuum
polarization to fermions in the presence of a constant Maxwell and a constant
Kalb-Ramond field in four dimensions. The formalism is a generalisation of the
one used by Schwinger in his famous paper on gauge invariance and vacuum
polarization. We get an explicit expression for the vacuum polarization induced
effective Lagrangian for a constant Maxwell field interacting with a constant
Kalb-Ramond field. In the weak field limit we get the coupling between the
Maxwell field and the Kalb-Ramond field to be $(\tilde{H}.\tilde{F})^2$, where
${\tilde H}_{\mu}= {1\over
{3!}}\epsilon_{\mu\alpha\beta\lambda}H^{\alpha\beta\lambda}$ and $\tilde F$ is
the dual of $F_{\mu\nu}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113643 </DOCNO>
Poynting vector, energy density and energy velocity in anomalous


  The Poynting vector, energy density and energy velocity of light pulses
propagating in anomalous dispersion medium (used in WKD-like experiments) are
calculated. Results show that a negative energy density in the medium
propagates along opposite of incident direction with such a velocity similar to
the negative group velocity while the direction of the Poynting vector is
positive. In other words, one might say that a positive energy density in the
medium would propagate along the positive direction with a speed having
approximately the absolute valueof the group velocity. We further point out
that neither energy velocity nor group velocity is a good concept to describe
the propagation process of light pulse inside the medium in WKD experiment
owing to the strong accumulation and dissipation effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123437 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX Observations of the Seyfert-2 Galaxies NGC 7172 and ESO 103-G35


  We investigate the X-ray spectra of the type-2 Seyfert galaxies NGC 7172 and
ESO 103-G35, using BeppoSAX observations, separated by approximately one year.
We find that the X-ray spectra of both NGC 7172 and ESO 103-G35 can be well
fitted using a power-law model with an Fe K emission line at 6.4 keV. We did
not find any statistically significant evidence for the existence of a
reflection component in the X-ray spectra of these two galaxies. The continuum
flux has decreased by a factor of approximately two during this period, in both
objects. However, the spectral index as well as the absorption column have
remained constant. We find weak evidence for the decrease of the normalization
of the Fe K emission line in a similar manner to the continuum in NGC7172. We
also report evidence for a broad Fe K confirming previous observations. In
contrast, in the case of ESO 103-G35 the line flux does not change while its
width remains unresolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75207 </DOCNO>
Effects of shadowing on Drell-Yan dilepton production in high energy


  We compute cross sections for the Drell-Yan process in nuclear collisions at
next-to-leading order (NLO) in \alpha_s. The effects of shadowing on the
normalization and on the mass and rapidity dependence of these cross sections
are presented. An estimate of higher order corrections is obtained from
next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) calculation of the rapidity-integrated
mass distribution. Variations in these predictions resulting from choices of
parton distribution sets are discussed. Numerical results for mass
distributions at NLO are presented for RHIC and LHC energies, using appropriate
rapidity intervals. The shadowing factors in the dilepton mass range 2 < M < 10
GeV are predicted to be substantial, typically 0.5 - 0.7 at LHC, 0.7 - 0.9 at
RHIC, and approximately independent of the choice of parton distribution sets
and the order of calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72966 </DOCNO>
The Determination of the CKM Matrix


  A general discussion of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix is given
and the importance stressed of determining the matrix elements as an essential
part of understanding CP violation in and beyond the Standard Model. The status
of knowledge of the matrix elements connecting the first and second generation
quarks is reviewed. A perspective on determinations of the full CKM matrix is
presented as an introduction to the separate contributions to the panel
discussion that follows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169009 </DOCNO>
Using entanglement improves precision of quantum measurements


  We show how entanglement can be used to improve the estimation of an unknown
transformation. Using entanglement is always of benefit, in improving either
the precision or the stability of the measurement. Examples relevant for
applications are illustrated, for either qubits and continuous variables

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74598 </DOCNO>
The evolution and persistence of dumbbells


  We use large-scale numerical simulations to study the formation and evolution
of non-topological defects in a generalized electroweak phase transition
described by the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg model without fermions. Such defects
include dumbbells, comprising a pair of monopoles joined by a segment of
electroweak string. These exhibit complex dynamics, with some shrinking under
the string tension and others growing due to the monopole-antimonopole
attractions between near neighbours. We estimate the range of parameters where
the network of dumbbells persists, and show that this region is narrower than
the region within which infinite straight electroweak strings are
perturbatively stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7206 </DOCNO>
Global trends in the interplane penetration depth of layered


  We report on generic trends in the behavior of the interlayer penetration
depth $\lambda_c$ of several different classes of quasi two-dimensional
superconductors including high-T$_c$ cuprates, Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, transition metal
dichalcogenides and organic materials of the $(BEDT-TTF)_2X$ - series. Analysis
of these trends reveals two distinct patterns in the scaling between the values
of $\lambda_c$ and the magnitude of the c-axis DC conductivity $\sigma_{DC}$:
one realized in the systems with a ground state formed out of well defined
quasiparticles and the other seen in systems in which the quasiparticles are
not well defined. The latter pattern is found primarily in under-doped cuprates
and indicates a dramatic enhancement (factor $\simeq 10^2$) of the energy scale
$\Omega_C$ associated with the formation of the condensate compared to the data
for conventional materials. We discuss the implication of these results on the
understanding of superconductivity in high-$T_c$ cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3954 </DOCNO>
Origin of the pseudogap phase: Precursor superconductivity versus a


  In the last few years evidence has been accumulating that there are a
multiplicity of energy scales which characterize superconductivity in the
underdoped cuprates. In contrast to the situation in BCS superconductors, the
phase coherence temperature Tc is different from the energy gap onset
temperature T*. In addition, thermodynamic and tunneling spectroscopies have
led to the inference that the order parameter $\Delta_{sc}$ is to be
distinguished from the excitation gap $\Delta$; in this way, pseudogap effects
persist below Tc. It has been argued by many in the community that the presence
of these distinct energy scales demonstrates that the pseudogap is unrelated to
superconductivity. In this paper we show that this inference is incorrect. We
demonstrate that the difference between the order parameter and excitation gap
and the contrasting dependences of T* and Tc on hole concentration $x$ and
magnetic field $H$ follow from a natural generalization of BCS theory. This
simple generalized form is based on a BCS-like ground state, but with self
consistently determined chemical potential in the presence of arbitrary
attractive coupling $g$. We have applied this mean field theory with some
success to tunneling, transport, thermodynamics and magnetic field effects. We
contrast the present approach with the phase fluctuation scenario and discuss
key features which might distinguish our precursor superconductivity picture
from that involving a competing order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149060 </DOCNO>
The Sigma model formulation of the type II string theory in the


  A sigma model action is constructed for the type II string in the
$Ads_5\times S_5$ back grounds with Ramond-Ramond flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1568 </DOCNO>
Droplet Motion for the Conservative 2D Ising Lattice Gas Dynamics below


  We consider the 2D Ising lattice gas in a square of side L with free boundary
conditions, temperature below the critical one and particle density slightly
above the density of the vapor phase. Typical configurations consist of a
quarter of a Wulff droplet of the liquid phase centered at one of the corners
of the given square. We then introduced a reversible Markovian spin exchange
dynamics, also known as Kawasaki dynamics, on the configuration space and we
discuss the heuristics of the transition of a bubble of the liquid phase from
one corner to another. We then present some numerical evidence suggesting that
the preferred mechanism to make the transition is via evaporation of the
original bubble and simultaneous reconstruction of a new bubble around a new
corner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86319 </DOCNO>
Self-similar collapse of a massless scalar field in three-dimensions


  We study an analytical solution to the Einstein's equations in
2+1-dimensions, representing the self-similar collapse of a circularly
symmetric, minimally coupled, massless, scalar field. Depending on the value of
certain parameters, this solution represents the formation of black holes.
Since our solution is asymptotically flat, our black holes do not have the BTZ
space-time as their long time limit. They represent a new family of black holes
in 2+1-dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149368 </DOCNO>
A Canonical Approach to Dissipation


  We provide a new canonical approach for studying dissipation by considering
the quantum mechanical damped harmonic oscillator. Explicit expressions for
lagrangians characterising forward and backward time propagations are given. A
hamiltonian analysis, showing the equivalence with the lagrangian approach, is
also done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75378 </DOCNO>
An Approach Toward the Numerical Evaluation of Multi-Loop Feynman


  A scheme for systematically achieving accurate numerical evaluation of
multi-loop Feynman diagrams is developed. This shows the feasibility of a
project aimed to produce a complete calculation for two-loop predictions in the
Standard Model. As a first step an algorithm, proposed by F. V. Tkachov and
based on the so-called generalized Bernstein functional relation, is applied to
one-loop multi-leg diagrams with particular emphasis to the presence of
infrared singularities, to the problem of tensorial reduction and to the
classification of all singularities of a given diagram. Successively, the
extension of the algorithm to two-loop diagrams is examined. The proposed
solution consists in applying the functional relation to the one-loop
sub-diagram which has the largest number of internal lines. In this way the
integrand can be made smooth, a part from a factor which is a polynomial in the
vector of Feynman parameters needed for the complementary sub-diagram with the
smallest number of internal lines. Since the procedure does not introduce new
singularities one can distort the integration hyper-contour into the complex
hyper-plane, thus achieving numerical stability. The algorithm is then modified
to deal with numerical evaluation around normal thresholds. Concise and
practical formulas are assembled and presented, numerical results and
comparisons with the available literature are shown and discussed for the
so-called sunset topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124298 </DOCNO>
X-ray Observations of the New Pulsar--Supernova Remnant System PSR


  PSR J1119-6127 is a recently discovered 1700-year-old radio pulsar that has a
very high inferred surface dipolar magnetic field. We present a detailed
analysis of a pointed ASCA observation and archival ROSAT data of J1119-6127
and its surroundings. Both data sets reveal extended emission coincident with
the newly-discovered radio supernova remnant G292.2-0.5, reported in a
companion paper by Crawford et al. (astro-ph/0012287).. A hard point source,
offset ~1.5' from the position of the radio pulsar, is seen with the ASCA GIS.
No pulsations are detected at the radio period with a pulsed fraction upper
limit of 61% (95% confidence). The limited statistics prevent a detailed
spectral analysis, although a power-law model with photon index (Gamma=~1-2)
describes the data well. Both the spectral model and derived X-ray luminosity
are consistent with those measured for other young radio pulsars, although the
spatial offset renders an identification of the source as the X-ray counterpart
of the pulsar uncertain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124905 </DOCNO>
On the Origin of the Colour-Magnitude Relation in the Virgo Cluster


  We explore the origin of the colour-magnitude relation (CMR) of early type
galaxies in the Virgo cluster using spectra of very high S/N ratio for six
elliptical galaxies selected along the CMR. The data are analysed using a new
evolutionary stellar population synthesis model to generate galaxy spectra at
the resolution given by their velocity dispersions. In particular we use a new
age indicator that is virtually free of the effects of metallicity. We find
that the luminosity weighted mean ages of Virgo ellipticals are greater than ~8
Gyr, and show no clear trend with galaxy luminosity. We also find a positive
correlation of metallicity with luminosity, colour and velocity dispersion. We
conclude that the CMR is driven primarily by a luminosity-metallicity
correlation. However, not all elements increase equally with the total
metallicity and we speculate that the CMR may be driven by both a total
metallicity increase and by a systematic departure from solar abundance ratios
of some elements along the CMR. A full understanding of the role played by the
total metallicity, abundance ratios and age in generating the CMR requires the
analysis of spectra of very high quality, such as those reported here, for a
larger number of galaxies in Virgo and other clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125394 </DOCNO>
Constraining neutrino physics with BBN and CMBR


  We perform a likelihood analysis of the recent results on the anisotropy of
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation from the BOOMERanG and DASI experiments
to show that they single out an effective number of neutrinos in good agreement
with standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We also consider degenerate Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis to provide new bounds on effective relativistic degrees of
freedom $N_\nu$ and, in particular, on neutrino chemical potential
$\xi_\alpha$. When including Supernova Ia data we find, at $2\sigma$, $N_\nu
\leq 7$ and $-0.01 \leq \xi_e \leq 0.22$, $|\xi_{\mu,\tau}|\leq 2.6$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98623 </DOCNO>
Twisted K-theory in $g>1$ from D-branes


  We study the wrapping of N type IIB Dp-branes on a compact Riemann surface
$\Sigma$ in genus $g>1$ by means of the Sen-Witten construction, as a
superposition of N' type IIB Dp'-brane/antibrane pairs, with $p'>p$. A
background Neveu-Schwarz field B deforms the commutative $C^{\star}$-algebra of
functions on $\Sigma$ to a noncommutative $C^{\star}$-algebra. Our construction
provides an explicit example of the $N'\to\infty$ limit advocated by
Bouwknegt-Mathai and Witten in order to deal with twisted K-theory. We provide
the necessary elements to formulate M(atrix) theory on this new
$C^{\star}$-algebra, by explicitly constructing a family of projective
$C^{\star}$-modules admitting constant-curvature connections. This allows us to
define the $g>1$ analogue of the BPS spectrum of states in $g=1$, by means of
Donaldson's formulation of the Narasimhan-Seshadri theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5383 </DOCNO>
Dimensionality effects on the Holstein polaron


  Based on a recently developed variational method, we explore the properties
of the Holstein polaron on an infinite lattice in $D$ dimensions, where $ 1 \le
D \le 4$. The computational method converges as a power law, so that highly
accurate results can be achieved with modest resources. We present the most
accurate ground state energy (with no small parameter) ever published for
polaron problems, 21 digits for the one-dimensional (1D) polaron at
intermediate coupling. The dimensionality effects on polaron band dispersion,
effective mass, and electron-phonon (el-ph) correlation functions are
investigated in all coupling regimes. It is found that the crossover to large
effective mass of the higher-dimensional polaron is much sharper than the 1D
polaron. The correlation length between the electron and phonons decreases
significantly as the dimension increases. Our results compare favorably with
those of quantum Monte Carlo, dynamical mean-field theory, density-matrix
renormalization group, and the Toyozawa variational method. We demonstrate that
the Toyozawa wavefunction is qualitatively correct for the ground state energy
and the 2-point electron-phonon correlation functions, but fails for the
3-point functions. Based on this finding, we propose an improved Toyozawa
variational wavefunction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169534 </DOCNO>
Emergence of particles from bosonic quantum field theory


  An examination is made of the way in which particles emerge from linear,
bosonic, massive quantum field theories. Two different constructions of the
one-particle subspace of such theories are given, both illustrating the
importance of the interplay between the quantum-mechanical linear structure and
the classical one. Some comments are made on the Newton-Wigner representation
of one-particle states, and on the relationship between the approach of this
paper and those of Segal, and of Haag and Ruelle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72739 </DOCNO>
Toward Quantum Gravity II: Quantum Tests


  This study toward quantum gravity (QG) introduces an SU(N) gauge theory with
the \Theta vacuum term for gravitational interactions, which leads to a group
SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x SU(3)_C for weak and strong interactions through dynamical
spontaneous symmetry breaking (DSSB). Newton gravitation constant G_N and the
effective cosmological constant are realized as the effective coupling constant
and the effective vacuum energy, respectively, due to massive gauge bosons. A
gauge theory relevant for the non-zero gauge bosons, 10^{-12} GeV, and the
massless gauge boson (photon) is predicted as a new dynamics for the universe
expansion: this is supported by the repulsive force, indicated in BUMERANG-98
and MAXIMA-1 experiments, and cosmic microwave background radiation. Under the
constraint of the flat universe, \Omega = 1 - 10^{-61}, the large cosmological
constant in the early universe becomes the source of the exponential expansion
in 10^{30} order as expected in the inflation theory, nearly massless gauge
bosons are regarded as strongly interacting mediators of dark matter, and the
baryon asymmetry is related to the DSSB mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124350 </DOCNO>
Weak Reprocessed Features in the Broad Line Radio Galaxy 3C382


  We present a detailed X-ray study of the Broad Line Radio Galaxy 3C382,
observed with the BeppoSAX satellite in a very bright state. The continuum
emission is well modeled with a power law that steepens at high energies, with
an e-folding energy of about 120 keV. At soft energies a clear excess of
emission is detected, which can not be explained solely by the extended thermal
halo seen in a ROSAT HRI image. A second, more intense soft X-ray component,
possibly related to an accretion disk, is required by the data. Both a
reflection component (R=0.3) and an iron line (EW \sim 50) are detected, at
levels much weaker than in Seyfert galaxies, suggesting a common origin.
Combining our measurements with results from the literature we find that the
iron line has remained approximately constant over 9 years while the continuum
varied by a factor of 5. Thus the fluorescent gas does not respond promptly to
the variations of the X-ray primary source, suggesting that the reprocessing
site is located away, likely at parsec distances. While the continuum shape
indicates that X-rays derive from a thermal Comptonization process, the
weakness of other spectral features implies that either the upper layers of the
optically thick accretion disk are completely ionized or the corona above the
disk is outflowing with mildly relativistic velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75090 </DOCNO>
Stationary dark energy with a baryon-dominated era: solving the


  We show that all cosmological models with an accelerated stationary global
attractor reduce asymptotically to a dark energy field with an exponential
potential coupled linearly to a perfect fluid dark matter. In such models the
abundance of the dark components reaches a stationary value and therefore the
problem of their present coincidence is solved. The requirement of a vanishing
coupling of the baryons in order to pass local gravity experiments induces the
existence of an intermediate baryon-dominated era. We discuss in detail the
properties of these models and show that to accomodate standard nucleosynthesis
they cannot produce a microwave background consistent with observations. We
conclude that, among stationary models, only a time-dependent coupling or
equation of state might provide a realistic cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1197 </DOCNO>
Nanoscopic stripe-like inhomogeneities and optical conductivity of doped


  We propose a new approach to theoretical description of doped cuprate like
$La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_4$ and $YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x}$, assuming phase separation and
treating it as inhomogeneous composite material, containing the dielectric and
metallic stripe-like nanoparticles. The formalism of effective medium theory is
then applied for calculation of dielectric permittivity, optical and EELS
spectra of $La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_4$ with $x$ varying in a wide range. Reasonable
semi-quantitative agreement with experiment has been obtained even for the
simplest version of the theory. The model was found able to reproduce all
essential features of optical conductivity $\sigma(\omega)$ and transmittance
both for thin films (M. Suzuki, Phys. Rev. B 39, 2321 (1989)) and bulk
single-crystalline samples (S. Uchida {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. B 43, 7942
(1991)). Substantial difference in spectral and doping dependence of optical
absorption for the thin-film and bulk samples is easily explained if only to
assume different shape of metallic and dielectric regions in both materials.
New peaks in optical conductivity and absorption spectra, that emerge in the
midinfrared range near 0.5 and 1.5 eV upon doping are attributed to geometrical
(Mie's) resonances. Overall, we point out that all main peculiarities of the
doping effect on optical and EELS spectra for cuprates including the spectral
changes accompanying the insulator-to-metal transition can be explained rather
prosaically by recognizing that the doping results in emergence of nanoscopic
metallic stripe-like droplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169210 </DOCNO>
Quantum correlations versus Multisimultaneity: an experimental test


  Multisimultaneity is a causal model of relativistic quantum physics which
assigns a real time ordering to any set of events, much in the spirit of the
pilot-wave picture. Contrary to standard quantum mechanics, it predicts a
disappearance of the correlations in a Bell-type experiment when both analysers
are in relative motion such that, each one in its own inertial reference frame,
is first to select the output of the photons. We tested this prediction using
acousto-optic modulators as moving beam-splitters and interferometers separated
by 55 m. We didn't observe any disappearance of the correlations, thus refuting
Multisimultaneity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 326 </DOCNO>
Osmotic Stabilisation of Concentrated Emulsions and Foams


  In the absence of coalescence, coarsening of emulsions (and foams) is
controlled by molecular diffusion of dispersed phase between droplets/bubbles.
Studies of dilute emulsions have shown how the osmotic pressure of a trapped
species within droplets can ``osmotically stabilise'' the emulsion. Webster and
Cates (Langmuir, 1998, 14, 2068-2079) gave rigorous criteria for osmotic
stabilisation of mono- and polydisperse emulsions, in the dilute regime. We
consider here whether analogous criteria exist for the osmotic stabilisation of
mono- and polydisperse concentrated emulsions and foams, and suggest that the
pressure differences driving coarsening are small compared to the mean Laplace
pressure. An exact calculation confirms this for a monodisperse 2D model,
finding a bubble's pressure as P_i = P + Pi + P_i^G, with P, Pi the atmospheric
and osmotic pressures, and P_i^G a ``geometric pressure'' that reduces to the
Laplace pressure only for a spherical bubble. For Princen's 2D emulsion model,
P_i^G is only 5% larger in the dry limit than the dilute limit. We conclude
that osmotic stabilisation of dense systems typically requires a pressure of
trapped molecules in each droplet that is comparable to the Laplace pressures
the same droplets would have if spherical, as opposed to the much larger
Laplace pressures present in the system. We study coarsening of foams and
concentrated emulsions when there is insufficient of the trapped species
present. Rate-limiting mechanisms are considered, their applicability and
associated droplet growth rates discussed. In a concentrated foam or emulsion,
a finite yield threshold for droplet rearrangement may be enough to prevent
coarsening of the remainder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 627 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phases of the Shastry-Sutherland Antiferromagnet


  We study possible paramagnetic phases of antiferromagnets on the
Shastry-Sutherland lattice by a gauge-theoretic analysis of fluctuations in a
theory with Sp(2N) symmetry. In addition to the familiar dimer phase, we find a
confining phase with plaquette order, and a topologically ordered phase with
deconfined S=1/2 spinons and helical spin correlations. The deconfined phase is
contiguous to the dimer phase, and in a regime of couplings close to those
found in the insulator SrCu2(BO3)2. We suggest that a superconductor obtained
by doping this insulator with mobile charge carriers will be an attractive
candidate for observing the anomalous magnetic flux properties associated with
topological order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74081 </DOCNO>
The 2+2 and 3+1 Four-Family Neutrino Mixing at the Neutrino Factory


  We upgrade the study of the physical reach of a Neutrino Factory in the Four
Family Neutrino Mixing scenario taking into account the latest LSND results
that points out how the 3+1 scheme cannot be completely ruled out within the
present experimental data (although the 2+2 scheme is still the preferred
choice when four neutrinos are considered). A detailed comparison of the
physical reach of the $\nu$-factory in the two schemes is given, with similar
results for the sensitivity to the mixing angles. Huge CP-violating effects can
be observed in both schemes with a near, O(10) Km, detector of O(10) Kton size
in the $\nu_\mu \to \nu_\tau$ channel. A smaller detector of 1 Kton size can
still observe very large effects in this channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128961 </DOCNO>
Searching for Failed Supernovae With Astrometric Binaries


  Stars in the mass range 8 Msun<M<30 Msun are thought to end their lives as
luminous supernovae that leave behind a neutron star. However, if a substantial
fraction of these stars instead ended as black-hole remnants, without producing
a supernova (a `failed' supernova), how would one know? We show that, under
plausible assumptions, the Hipparcos catalog should contain about 30 f_{fail}
astrometric binaries with black-hole companions, where f_{fail} is the fraction
of supernovae that fail. Since no black-hole astrometric binaries are found in
Hipparcos, one might like to conclude that such failed supernovae are very
rare. However, the most important assumption required for this argument, the
initial companion mass function (ICMF) of G stars (the majority of Hipparcos
stars) in the high-mass companion regime, is without any observational basis.
We show how the ICMF of G stars can be measured using the Full-Sky Astrometric
Explorer (FAME), thereby permitting an accurate measurement of the rate of
supernovae that fail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114390 </DOCNO>
Technology Update of a Control System Trough Corba Bus


  After more than 10 years of activity, FTU (Frascati Tokamak Upgrade) has to
face the problem of taking advantage of the new hardware and software
technology saving all the investments yet done. So, for example, the 20 years
old Westinghouse PLCs (communicating only through a serial line) have to be
leaved in operation while a web-based tool has to be released for plan
monitoring purpose. CORBA bus has been demonstrated to be the answer to set up
the communication between old and new hardware and software blocks. On FTU the
control system is based on Basestar, a Digital/Compaq software suite. We will
describe how the real time database of Basestar is now accessed by Java graphic
tools, LabView and, in principle, any package accepting external routines. An
account will be also done in the data acquisition area where a Camac serial
highway driver has been integrated in the new architecture still through the
CORBA bus

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127644 </DOCNO>
The First High Resolution X-ray Spectrum of Cyg X-1: Soft X-Ray


  We observed the black hole candidate Cyg X-1 for 15 ks with the High-Energy
Transmission Grating Spectrometer aboard the CHANDRA X-ray Observatory. The
source was observed during a period of intense flaring activity, so it was
about a factor of 2.5 brighter than usual, with a 0.5-10 keV (1-24 A)
luminosity of 1.6x10^37 erg/s (at a distance of 2.5 kpc). The spectrum of the
source shows prominent absorption edges, some of which have complicated
substructure. We use the most recent results from laboratory measurements and
and calculations to model the observed substructure of the edges. From the
model, we derive a total absorption column of 6.21+/-0.22 10^21 cm^-2.
Furthermore, the results indicate that there are ~ 10 - 25% abundance
variations relative to solar values for neon, oxygen and iron. The X-ray
continuuum is described well by a two-component model that is often adopted for
black hole candidates: a soft multicolor disk component (with kT = 203 eV) and
a hard power law component (with a photon index of ~2). Comparing the fit
results to those of the hard and soft states, we conclude that the source was
in a transitional state. Finally, the spectrum also shows the presence of faint
emission lines which could be attributed to highly ionized species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179284 </DOCNO>
Critical Exponents of the Statistical Multifragmentation Model


  For the statistical multifragmentation model the critical indices
$\alpha^\prime, \beta, \gamma^\prime, \delta$ are calculated as functions of
the Fisher parameter $\tau$. It is found that these indices have different
values than in Fisher's droplet model. Some peculiarities of the scaling
relations are discussed. The basic model predicts for the index $\tau$ a narrow
range of values, $1.799< \tau < 1.846$, which is consistent with two
experiments on nuclear multifragmentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97367 </DOCNO>
On SUSY-QM, fractal strings and steps towards a proof of the Riemann


  We present, using spectral analysis, a possible way to prove the Riemann's
hypothesis (RH) that the only zeroes of the Riemann zeta-function are of the
form s=1/2+i\lambda_n. A supersymmetric quantum mechanical model is proposed as
an alternative way to prove the Riemann's conjecture, inspired in the
Hilbert-Polya proposal; it uses an inverse eigenvalue approach associated with
a system of p-adic harmonic oscillators. An interpretation of the Riemann's
fundamental relation Z(s) = Z(1-s) as a duality relation, from one fractal
string L to another dual fractal string L' is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168767 </DOCNO>
Optimal simulation of two-qubit Hamiltonians using general local


  We consider the simulation of the dynamics of one nonlocal Hamiltonian by
another, allowing arbitrary local resources but no entanglement nor classical
communication. We characterize notions of simulation, and proceed to focus on
deterministic simulation involving one copy of the system. More specifically,
two otherwise isolated systems $A$ and $B$ interact by a nonlocal Hamiltonian
$H \neq H_A+H_B$. We consider the achievable space of Hamiltonians $H'$ such
that the evolution $e^{-iH't}$ can be simulated by the interaction $H$
interspersed with local operations. For any dimensions of $A$ and $B$, and any
nonlocal Hamiltonians $H$ and $H'$, there exists a scale factor $s$ such that
for all times $t$ the evolution $e^{-iH'st}$ can be simulated by $H$ acting for
time $t$ interspersed with local operations. For 2-qubit Hamiltonians $H$ and
$H'$, we calculate the optimal $s$ and give protocols achieving it. The optimal
protocols do not require local ancillas, and can be understood geometrically in
terms of a polyhedron defined by a partial order on the set of 2-qubit
Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98659 </DOCNO>
The definition of a differential form on a tangent structure


  Three definitions of a differential form on a tangent structure are
considere. It is proved that the (covariant) definition given by Souriau (as a
collection of forms indexed by the plaques) is equivalent to a smooth section
of the corresponding vector bundle if the space does not have transverse
points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76276 </DOCNO>
On the Failure of Spin-Statistics Connection in Quantum Gravity


  Many years ago Friedman and Sorkin [1] established the existence of certain
topological solitonic excitations in quantum gravity called (topological)
geons. Geons can have quantum numbers like charge and can be tensorial or
spinorial having integer or half-odd integer spin. A striking result is that
geons can violate the canonical spin-statistics connection [2,3]. Such
violation induces novel physical effects at low energies. The latter will be
small since the geon mass is expected to be of the order of Plank mass.
Nevertheless, these effects are very striking and include CPT and causality
violations and distortion of the cosmic microwave spectrum. Interesting
relations of geon dynamics to supersymmetry are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1142 </DOCNO>
Spin-Peierls transition with strong structural fluctuations in the


  We report on the magnetic susceptibility and electron spin resonance
measurements on polycrystalline samples of the vanadium oxide
VOSb$_{2}$O$_{4}$, a quasi-one dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg system. We show
that the susceptibility vanishes at zero temperature, as in a gapped system,
and we argue that this is due to a spin-Peierls transition with strong
structural fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40720 </DOCNO>
Measurement of electron-neutrino electron elastic scattering


  The cross section for the elastic scattering reaction nu_e+e- -> nu_e+e- was
measured by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector using a mu+ decay-at-rest
nu_e beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The standard model of
electroweak physics predicts a large destructive interference between the
charge current and neutral current channels for this reaction. The measured
cross section, sigma_{nu_e e-}=[10.1 +- 1.1(stat.) +- 1.0(syst.)]x E_{nu_e}
(MeV) x 10^{-45} cm^2, agrees well with standard model expectations. The
measured value of the interference parameter, I=-1.01 +- 0.13(stat.) +-
0.12(syst.), is in good agreement with the standard model expectation of
I^{SM}=-1.09. Limits are placed on neutrino flavor-changing neutral currents.
An upper limit on the muon-neutrino magnetic moment of 6.8 x 10^{-10} mu_{Bohr}
is obtained using the nu_mu and \bar{nu}_mu fluxes from pi+ and mu+ decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167933 </DOCNO>
Entropy and Tempweature of a Quantum Carnot Engine


  It is possible to extract work from a quantum-mechanical system whose
dynamics is governed by a time-dependent cyclic Hamiltonian. An energy bath is
required to operate such a quantum engine in place of the heat bath used to run
a conventional classical thermodynamic heat engine. The effect of the energy
bath is to maintain the expectation value of the system Hamiltonian during an
isoenergetic expansion. It is shown that the existence of such a bath leads to
equilibrium quantum states that maximise the von Neumann entropy. Quantum
analogues of certain thermodynamic relations are obtained that allow one to
define the temperature of the energy bath.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168098 </DOCNO>
Lie-type transformations and effective Hamiltonians in nonlinear quantum


  We reelaborate on a general method for diagonalizing a wide class of
nonlinear Hamiltonians describing different quantum optical models. This method
makes use of a nonlinear deformation of the usual su(2) algebra and when some
physical parameter, dictated by the particular model under consideration,
becomes small, it gives a diagonal effective Hamiltonian that describes
correctly the dynamics for arbitrary states and long times. We extend the
technique to $N$-level atomic systems interacting with quantum fields, finding
the corresponding effective Hamiltonians when the condition of $k$-photon
resonance is fulfilled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114162 </DOCNO>
Observation of Plasma Focusing of a 28.5 GeV Positron Beam


  The observation of plasma focusing of a 28.5 GeV positron beam is reported.
The plasma was formed by ionizing a nitrogen jet only 3 mm thick. Simultaneous
focusing in both transverse dimensions was observed with effective focusing
strengths of order Tesla per micron. The minimum area of the beam spot was
reduced by a factor of 2.0 +/- 0.3 by the plasma. The longitudinal beam
envelope was measured and compared with numerical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123423 </DOCNO>
Quasar Absorption Lines as a Function of Quasar Orientation Measures


  We present high resolution radio data at 3.5 and 20 cm from the VLA in the A
configuration for 144 quasars with known CIV absorption line properties. Using
these measurements, we compare and contrast a number of quasar orientation
indicators. These quantities are used to study the velocity distribution of CIV
absorption lines as a function of quasar orientation measures. That there is an
excess of narrow, high-velocity CIV absorbers in flat-spectrum quasars as
compared to steep-spectrum quasars is confirmed. Orientation indicators that
are not based upon spectral indices (e.g. R_V and the core-to-lobe ratio) do
not show the same effect. These seemingly contradictory results may be
reconciled if the absorber distribution is not strictly a function of
orientation, but rather a function of intrinsic radio properties that may or
may not be good orientation indicators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72935 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Inflation Models from Supersymmetry Breakings


  Effects of soft SUSY-breaking terms on inflation potentials are discussed.
There exist generic constraints that must be satisfied in order not for the
inflaton potential to loose its flatness. We examine explicitly the constraints
in the case of a hybrid inflation model and find that the coupling constant
\lambda between the inflaton and the ``water-fall-direction'' field is bounded
as 2.0 \times 10^{-6} < \lambda. This is a highly non-trivial result. Indeed,
if we adopt the severest constraint from avoiding the problem of the gravitinos
produced non-thermally, \lambda < 7.4 \times 10^{-6} is required, under a
reasonable assumption on the reheating process. This means that the hybrid
inflation model marginally has a viable parameter space. We also discuss
analogous constraints on other inflation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5434 </DOCNO>
Modeling of the pozzolanic reaction kinetics between lime and wastes of


  In this paper the kinetics of the pozzolanic reaction between lime (calcium
hydroxide) and sugar cane straw ash with 20 and 30% of clay burned at 800 and
1000 C is studied. A simple experimental technique where the conductivity is
the experimental variable was used. A calibration curve was established for
correlating the conductivity with the concentration of calcium hydroxide (CH).
We elaborated a mathematical model that allows us to describe the process in
kinetic - diffusive or kinetic regimen. The fitting of the model by
computerized methods lets us determine the parameters that characterize the
process: i.e. the diffusion coefficient and reaction rate constant. The
pozzolanic activity is evaluated according to the obtained values of the
reaction rate constant. The results show that sugar cane straw ash (SCSA) has a
good pozzolanic activity comparable to that of the rice husk ask (RHA).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98434 </DOCNO>
A semi-numerical computation for the added mass coefficients of an


  A floating hemisphere under forced harmonic oscillation at very high and very
low frequencies is considered. The problem is reduced to an elliptic one, that
is, the Laplace operator in the exterior domain with standard Dirichlet and
Neumann boundary conditions, so the flow problem is simplified to standard
ones, with well known analytic solutions in some cases. The general procedure
is based in the use of spherical harmonics and its derivation is based on a
physics insight. The results can be used to test the accuracy achieved by
numerical codes as, for example, by finite elements or boundary elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 538 </DOCNO>
Decoherence as Decay of the Loschmidt Echo in a Lorentz Gas


  Classical chaotic dynamics is characterized by the exponential sensitivity to
initial conditions. Quantum mechanics, however, does not show this feature. We
consider instead the sensitivity of quantum evolution to perturbations in the
Hamiltonian. This is observed as an atenuation of the Loschmidt Echo, $M(t)$,
i.e. the amount of the original state (wave packet of width $\sigma$) which is
recovered after a time reversed evolution, in presence of a classically weak
perturbation. By considering a Lorentz gas of size $L$, which for large $L$ is
a model for an {\it unbounded} classically chaotic system, we find numerical
evidence that, if the perturbation is within a certain range, $M(t)$ decays
exponentially with a rate $1/\tau_{\phi}$ determined by the Lyapunov exponent
$\lambda$ of the corresponding classical dynamics. This exponential decay
extends much beyond the Eherenfest time $t_{E}$ and saturates at a time
$t_{s}\simeq \lambda^{-1}\ln (\widetilde{N})$, where $\widetilde{N}\simeq
(L/\sigma)^2$ is the effective dimensionality of the Hilbert space. Since $\tau
_{\phi}$ quantifies the increasing uncontrollability of the quantum phase
(decoherence) its characterization and control has fundamental interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73019 </DOCNO>
Higgs mass and b to s gamma constraints on SUSY models with no-scale


  No-scale structure of the Kahler potential is obtained in many types of
supersymmetric models. In this paper, phenomenological aspects of these models
are investigated with special attention to the current Higgs mass bound at LEP
and b \to s \gamma result at the CLEO. When the boundary condition is given at
the GUT scale and gaugino masses are universal at this scale, very narrow
parameter region is allowed only for positive Higgsino mass region if R-parity
is conserved. The negative Higgsino mass case is entirely excluded. On the
other hand, relatively large parameter region is allowed when the boundary
condition is given above the GUT scale, and Tevatron can discover SUSY signals
for the positive Higgs mass case. The no-scale models with Wino, Higgsino or
sneutrino LSP are also considered. We show that the Higgs mass constraint is
important for the Higgsino LSP case, which requires the LSP mass to be larger
than about 245 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75221 </DOCNO>
Running and Matching from 5 to 4 Dimensions


  We study 5 dimensional grand-unified theories in an orbifold geometry by the
method of effective field theory: we match the low and high energy theories by
integrating out at 1-loop the massive Kaluza-Klein states. In the
supersymmetric case the radius dependence of threshold effects is fixed by the
rescaling anomalies of the low energy theory. We focus on a recently proposed
SU(5) model on $M^4 \times S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2^\prime)$. Even though the
spectrum of the heavy modes is completely known, there still are corrections to
gauge unification originating from boundary couplings. In order to control
these effects one has to rely on extra assumptions. We argue that, as far as
gauge couplings are concerned, the predictive power of these models is similar
to conventional GUTs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179057 </DOCNO>
Off-Mass-Shell $\pi$N Scattering and $pp \to pp \pi^0$


  We adapt the off-shell $\pi$N amplitude of the Tucson-Melbourne three-body
force to the half-off-shell amplitude of the pion rescattering contribution to
$pp \to pp \pi^0$ near threshold. This {\em pion} rescattering contribution,
together with the impulse term, provides a good description of the data when
the half-off-shell amplitude is linked to the phenomenological invariant
amplitudes obtained from meson factory $\pi$N scattering data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129483 </DOCNO>
X-ray Detection of PSR 1757-24 and its Nebular Tail


  We report the first X-ray detection of the radio pulsar PSR B1757-24 using
the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The image reveals point-source emission at the
pulsar position, consistent with being magnetospheric emission from the pulsar.
In addition, we detect a faint tail extending nearly 20" east of the pulsar, in
the same direction and with comparable morphology to the pulsar's well-studied
radio tail. The X-ray tail is unlikely to be emission left behind following the
passage of the pulsar, but rather is probably from synchrotron-emitting pulsar
wind particles having flow velocity ~7000 km/s. Assuming the point-source X-ray
emission is magnetospheric, the observed X-ray tail represents only ~0.01% of
the pulsar's spin-down luminosity, significantly lower than the analogous
efficiencies of most known X-ray nebulae surrounding rotation-powered pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125037 </DOCNO>
On the Thermonuclear Runaway in Type Ia Supernovae: How to run away?


  Type Ia Supernovae are thought to be thermonuclear explosions of massive
white dwarfs (WD). We present the first study of multi-dimensional effects
during the final hours prior to the thermonuclear runaway which leads to the
explosion. The calculations utilize an implicit, 2-D hydro code.Mixing and the
ignition process are studied in detail. We find that the initial chemical
structure of the WD is changed but the material is not fully homogenized. The
exploding WD sustains a central region with a low C/O ratio. This implies that
the explosive nuclear burning will begin in a partially C-depleted environment.
The thermonuclear runaway happens in a well defined region close to the center.
It is induced by compressional heat when matter is brought inwards by
convective flows. We find no evidence for multiple spot or strong off-center
ignition. Convective velocities are of the order of 100 km/sec which is well
above the effective burning speeds in SNe Ia previously expected right after
the runaway. For about 0.5 to 1 sec, the speed of the burning front will
neither be determined by the laminar speed nor the Rayleigh-Taylor
instabilities but by convective flows produced prior to the runaway. The
consequences are discussed for our under- standing of the detailed physics of
the flame propagation, the deflagration detonation transition, and the
nucleosynthesis in the central layers. Our results strongly suggest the
pre-conditioning of the progenitor as a key-factor for our understanding of the
diversity in SNeIa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83651 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic top-down parsing and language modeling


  This paper describes the functioning of a broad-coverage probabilistic
top-down parser, and its application to the problem of language modeling for
speech recognition. The paper first introduces key notions in language modeling
and probabilistic parsing, and briefly reviews some previous approaches to
using syntactic structure for language modeling. A lexicalized probabilistic
top-down parser is then presented, which performs very well, in terms of both
the accuracy of returned parses and the efficiency with which they are found,
relative to the best broad-coverage statistical parsers. A new language model
which utilizes probabilistic top-down parsing is then outlined, and empirical
results show that it improves upon previous work in test corpus perplexity.
Interpolation with a trigram model yields an exceptional improvement relative
to the improvement observed by other models, demonstrating the degree to which
the information captured by our parsing model is orthogonal to that captured by
a trigram model. A small recognition experiment also demonstrates the utility
of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2684 </DOCNO>
Constraints from $T_c$ and the isotope effect for MgB$_2$


  With the constraint that $T_c = 39$ K, as observed for MgB$_2$, we use the
Eliashberg equations to compute possible allowed values of the isotope
coefficient, $\beta$. We find that while the observed value $\beta= 0.32$ can
be obtained in principle, it is difficult to reconcile a recently calculated
spectral function with such a low observed value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97470 </DOCNO>
Log--Sobolev Inequalities and Regions with Exterior Exponential Cusps


  We begin by studying semigroup estimates that are more singular than those
implied by a Sobolev embedding theorem but which are equivalent to certain
logarithmic Sobolev inequalities. We then give a method for showing such
log--Sobolev inequalities hold for Euclidean regions that satisfy a certain
Hardy-type inequality. Our main application is to show that domains with
exterior exponential cusps, and hence no Sobolev embedding theorem, satisfy
such heat kernel bounds provided the cusp is not too sharp. Finally we consider
a rotationally invariant domain with an exponentially sharp cusp and show that
ultracontractivity does break down after a certain point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 325 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity in trapped atomic gases


  Bose-Einstein condensates confined in traps exhibit unique features which
have been the object of extensive experimental and theoretical studies in the
last few years. In this paper I will discuss some issues concerning the
behaviour of the order parameter and the dynamic and superfluid effects
exhibited by such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126765 </DOCNO>
The impact of cooling and pre-heating on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect


  We use hydrodynamical simulations to assess the impact of radiative cooling
and `pre-heating' on predictions for the Sunyaev--Zel'dovich (SZ) effect.
Cooling significantly reduces both the mean SZ signal and its angular power
spectrum, while pre-heating can give a higher mean distortion while leaving the
angular power spectrum below that found in a simulation without heating or
cooling. We study the relative contribution from high and low density gas, and
find that in the cooling model about 60 per cent of the mean thermal distortion
arises from low overdensity gas. We find that haloes dominate the thermal SZ
power spectrum in all models, while in the cooling simulation the kinetic SZ
power spectrum originates predominantly in lower overdensity gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5590 </DOCNO>
Generation of 3rd and 5th harmonics in a thin superconducting film by


  The generation of harmonics of the voltage response is considered when an AC
current is applied through a superconducting film above T_c. It is shown that
almost at all temperatures the mechanism of the temperature oscillations
created by the AC current and the temperature dependence of the resistance
dominates over the isothermal nonlinear electric conductivity. Only in a narrow
critical region close to T_c the latter is essential for the generation of the
harmonics. A detailed investigation of harmonics generation provides an
accurate method for measuring the thermal boundary conductance between the film
and the insulating substrate. The critical behaviour of the third harmonic will
give a new method for the determination of the lifetime of metastable Cooper
pairs above T_c. The comparison of the calculated fifth harmonics of the
voltage with the experiment is proposed as an important test for the
applicability of the employed theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 396 </DOCNO>
Area-preserving dynamics of a long slender finger by curvature: a test


  A long and slender finger can serve as a simple ``test bed'' for different
phase ordering models. In this work, the globally-conserved,
interface-controlled dynamics of a long finger is investigated, analytically
and numerically, in two dimensions. An important limit is considered when the
finger dynamics are reducible to the area-preserving motion by curvature. A
free boundary problem for the finger shape is formulated. An asymptotic
perturbation theory is developed that uses the finger aspect ratio as a small
parameter. The leading-order approximation is a modification of ``the Mullins
finger" (a well-known analytic solution) which width is allowed to slowly vary
with time. This time dependence is described, in the leading order, by an
exponential law with the characteristic time proportional to the (constant)
finger area. The subleading terms of the asymptotic theory are also calculated.
Finally, the finger dynamics is investigated numerically, employing the
Ginzburg-Landau equation with a global conservation law. The theory is in a
very good agreement with the numerical solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149194 </DOCNO>
From the Geometry of Pure Spinors with their Division Algebras to


  The Cartan's equations definig simple spinors (renamed pure by C. Chevalley)
are interpreted as equations of motion in momentum spaces, in a constructive
approach in which at each step the dimesions of spinor space are doubled while
those momentum space increased by two. The construction is possible only in the
frame of geometry of simple or pure spinors, which imposes contraint equations
on spinors with more than four components, and the momentum spaces result
compact, isomorphic toinvariant-mass-spheres imbedded in each other, since the
signatures appear to be unambiguously defined and result steadily lorentzian;
up to dimension ten with Clifford algebra Cl(1,9), where the construction
naturally ends. The equations of motion met in the construction are most of
those traditionally postulated ad hoc for multicomponent fermions. The 3
division algebras: complex numbers, quaternions and octonions appear to be
strictly correlated with this spinor geometry, from which they appear to
gradually emerge in the construction, where they play a basic role for the
physical interpretation. In fact they seem then to be at the origin of
electroweak and strong charges, of the 3 families and of the groups of the
standard model. In this approach there seems to be no need of higher
dimensional (>4) space-time, here generated merely by Poincare translations,
and dimensional reduction from Cl(1,9) to Cl(1,3) is equivalent to decoupling
of the equations of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149165 </DOCNO>
Interpolating gauges and the importance of a careful treatment of


  We consider the use of interpolating gauges (with a gauge function (F[A;alpha
]) in gauge theories to connect the results in a set of different gauges in the
path-integral formulation. We point out that the results for physical
observables are very sensitive to the epsilon term that we have to add to deal
with singularities and thus cannot be left out of a discussion of
gauge-independence generally. We further point out, with reasons, that the fact
that we can ignore this term in the discussion of gauge independence while
varying of the gauge parameter in Lorentz-type covariant gauges is an exception
rather than a rule . We show that generally gauge-independence requires that
the epsilon-term has to be varied with alpha. We further show that if we make a
naive use of the epsilon term -i\int d^{4}x[{1/2}A^{2}-\bar{c}c]) (that is
appropriate for the Feynman gauge) for general interpolating gauges with
arbitrary parameter values [i.e.alpha], we cannot preserve gauge independence
[except when we happen to be in the infinitesimal neighborhood of the
Lorentz-type gauges]. We show with an explicit example that for such a naive
use of an epsilon-term, we develop serious pathology in the path-integral as
alpha is/are varied. We point out that correct way to fix the epsilon-term in a
path-integral in a non-Lorentz gauge is by connecting the path-integral to the
Lorentz-gauge path-integral with correct epsilon-term as has been done using
the finite field-dependent BRS transformations in recent years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86271 </DOCNO>
Solving the characteristic initial value problem for colliding plane


  A method is presented for solving the characteristic initial value problem
for the collision and subsequent nonlinear interaction of plane gravitational
or gravitational and electromagnetic waves in a Minkowski background. This
method generalizes the monodromy transform approach to fields with nonanalytic
behaviour on the characteristics inherent to waves with distinct wave fronts.
The crux of the method is in a reformulation of the main nonlinear symmetry
reduced field equations as linear integral equations whose solutions are
determined by generalized (``dynamical'') monodromy data which evolve from data
specified on the initial characteristics (the wavefronts).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4386 </DOCNO>
Electromechanical Limits of Polymersomes


  Self-assembled membranes of amphiphilic diblock copolymers enable comparisons
of cohesiveness with lipid membranes over the range of hydrophobic thicknesses
d=3-15 nm. At zero mechanical tension the breakdown potential V_c for
polymersomes with d=15 nm is 9 V compared to 1 V for liposomes with d=3 nm.
Nonetheless, electromechanical stresses at breakdown universally exhibit a
square dependence on V_c, and membrane capacitance shows the expected strong
d-dependence, conforming to simple thermodynamic models. The viscous nature of
the diblock membranes is apparent in the protracted post-poration dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73339 </DOCNO>
Quark-Antiquark Potential and Generalized Borel Transform


  The heavy quark potential and particularly the one proposed by Richardson to
incorporate both asymptotic freedom and linear confinement is analyzed in terms
of a generalized Borel Transform recently proposed. We were able to obtain, in
the range of physical interest, an approximate analytical expression for the
potential in coordinate space valid even for intermediate distances. The
deviation between our approximate potential and the numerical evaluation of the
Richardson's one is much smaller than $\Lambda $ of QCD. The $c\overline{c}$
and $b\overline{b}$ quarkonia energy levels agree reasonably well with
experimental data for $c$ and $b$ masses in good agreement with the values
obtained from experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168584 </DOCNO>
Degrees of concealment and bindingness in quantum bit commitment


  Although it is impossible for a bit commitment protocol to be both
arbitrarily concealing and arbitrarily binding, it is possible for it to be
both partially concealing and partially binding. This means that Bob cannot,
prior to the beginning of the unveiling phase, find out everything about the
bit committed, and Alice cannot, through actions taken after the end of the
commitment phase, unveil whatever bit she desires. We determine upper bounds on
the degrees of concealment and bindingness that can be achieved simulatneously
in any bit commitment protocol, although it is unknown whether these can be
saturated. We do, however, determine the maxima of these quantities in a
restricted class of bit commitment protocols, namely those wherein all the
systems that play a role in the commitment phase are supplied by Alice. We show
that these maxima can be achieved using a protocol that requires Alice to
prepare a pair of systems in an entangled state, submit one of the pair to Bob
at the commitment phase, and the other at the unveiling phase. Finally, we
determine the form of the trade-off that exists between the degree of
concealment and the degree of bindingness given various assumptions about the
purity and dimensionality of the states used in the protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95856 </DOCNO>
Minimal surfaces that attain equality in the Chern-Osserman inequality


  In the previous paper, Takahasi and the authors generalized the theory of
minimal surfaces in Euclidean n-space to that of surfaces with holomorphic
Gauss map in certain class of non-compact symmetric spaces. It also includes
the theory of constant mean curvature one surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space.
Moreover, a Chern-Osserman type inequality for such surfaces was shown. Though
its equality condition is not solved yet, the authors have noticed that the
equality condition of the original Chern-Osserman inequality itself is not
found in any literature except for the case n=3, in spite of its importance. In
this paper, a simple geometric condition for minimal surfaces that attains
equality in the Chern-Osserman inequality is given. The authors hope it will be
a useful reference for readers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179302 </DOCNO>
Shell Model applications to N=Z nuclei


  This manuscript reviews recent results of large scale shell model
calculations on N=Z nuclei. The topics discussed include the role
proton-neutron pairing on the binding energies of pf-shell nuclei and his
influence on backbending rotors; coulomb energy differences and their
relationship with alignment. Proton-neutron correlations are found responsible
for the characteristic features of the isotopic shifts in calcium, the
parabolic dependence on A and the prominent odd-even staggering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1933 </DOCNO>
Coupling angle resolved photoemission data and quasiparticle structure


  We have analyzed the quasiparticle dispersion and ARPES-spectral density for
Sr2CuO2Cl2 and Ca2CuO2Cl2 antiferromagnetic insulators along basic symmetric
directions of the Brillouin zone (BZ) in a framework of an extended tight
binding method (ETBM) with explicit account for intracell strong electron
correlations. The quasiparticle dispersion is in a good agreement with ARPES-
data. At the top of valence band we found a narrow impurity-like virtual level
with the spectral weight proportional to the concentration of spin
fluctuations. A pseudogap between the virtual level and the top of the valence
band has dispersion similar to 'remnant Fermi surface' in Ca2CuO2Cl2 and to a
pseudogap in the underdoped Bi2212 samples. A calculated parity of the
polarized ARPES-spectra in (0,0),(pi/2,pi/2),(pi,0) - points in the AFM- phase
is even with regard to relative magnitudes of the partial contributions by
different orbitals to the total ARPES- spectral density. Conditions of an
observability for the different partial contributions in the polarized ARPES-
experiments are determined also.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75317 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model in 2001


  The Standard Model of electroweak and strong interactions is reviewed in a
pedagogical set of lectures. After an introduction to the quarks, leptons, and
gauge bosons, an elementary discussion of gauge theories is given, with
application to quantum chromodynamics. The physics of $W$ bosons, electroweak
unification, and $Z$ bosons is then described, ending with a discussion of
precision electroweak experiments and the light they can shed on the Higgs
boson and other physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179362 </DOCNO>
Relativistic pionic effects in quasielastic electron scattering


  The impact of relativistic pionic correlations and meson-exchange currents on
the response functions for electromagnetic quasielastic electron scattering
from nuclei is studied in detail. Results in first-order perturbation theory
are obtained for one-particle emission electronuclear reactions within the
context of the relativistic Fermi gas model. Improving upon previous analyses
where non-relativistic reductions of the currents were performed, here a fully
relativistic analysis in which both forces and currents are treated
consistently is presented. Lorentz covariance is shown to play a crucial role
in enforcing the gauge invariance of the theory. Effects stemming uniquely from
relativity in the pionic correlations are identified and, in particular, a
comprehensive study of the self-energy contributions and of the currents
associated with the pion is presented. First- and second-kind scaling for high
momentum transfer is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74180 </DOCNO>
A simple connection between neutrino oscillation and leptogenesis


  The usual see-saw formula is modified by the presence of two Higgs triplets
in left-right symmetric theories. The contribution from the left-handed Higgs
triplet to the see-saw formula can dominate over the conventional one when the
neutrino Dirac mass matrix is identified with the charged lepton or down quark
mass matrix. In this case an analytic calculation of the lepton asymmetry,
generated by the decay of the lightest right-handed Majorana neutrino, is
possible. For typical parameters, the out-of-equilibrium condition for the
decay is automatically fulfilled. The baryon asymmetry has the correct order of
magnitude, as long as the lightest mass eigenstate is not much lighter then
10^{-6} to 10^{-8} eV, depending on the solution of the solar neutrino problem.
A sizable signal in neutrinoless double beta decay can be expected, as long as
the smallest mass eigenstate is not much lighter than 10^{-3} eV and the Dirac
mass matrix is identified with the charged lepton mass matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126802 </DOCNO>
Keck Spectroscopy of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster


  Keck spectroscopy is presented for four dwarf elliptical galaxies in the
Virgo Cluster. At this distance, the mean velocity and velocity dispersion are
well resolved as a function of radius between 100 to 1000 pc, allowing a clear
separation between nuclear and surrounding galaxy light. We find a variety of
dispersion profiles for the inner regions of these objects, and show that none
of these galaxies is rotationally flattened.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125465 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Glitches in Isolated Pulsars


  Many radio pulsars exhibit glitches wherein the star's spin rate increases
fractionally by $\sim 10^{-10} - 10^{-6}$. Glitches are ascribed to variable
coupling between the neutron star crust and its superfluid interior. With the
aim of distinguishing among different theoretical explanations for the glitch
phenomenon, we study the response of a neutron star to two types of
perturbations to the vortex array that exists in the superfluid interior: 1)
thermal motion of vortices pinned to inner crust nuclei, initiated by sudden
heating of the crust, (e.g., a starquake), and 2) mechanical motion of
vortices, (e.g., from crust cracking by superfluid stresses). Both mechanisms
produce acceptable fits to glitch observations in four pulsars, with the
exception of the 1989 glitch in the Crab pulsar, which is best fit by the
thermal excitation model. The two models make different predictions for the
generation of internal heat and subsequent enhancement of surface emission. The
mechanical glitch model predicts a negligible temperature increase. For a pure
and highly-conductive crust, the thermal glitch model predicts a surface
temperature increase of as much as $\sim$ 2%, occurring several weeks after the
glitch. If the thermal conductivity of the crust is lowered by a high
concentration of impurities, however, the surface temperature increases by
$\sim$ 10% about a decade after a thermal glitch. A thermal glitch in an impure
crust is consistent with the surface emission limits following the January 2000
glitch in the Vela pulsar. Future surface emission measurements coordinated
with radio observations will constrain glitch mechanisms and the conductivity
of the crust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113736 </DOCNO>
Extension of the Equivalence Between Acceleration and Gravitation


  We conclude that Special relativity effects are caused by a period of
acceleration in the past, before they are measure in uniform velocity. This can
be regarded as extension of the equivalence principle of General Relativity.We
define the notation tp for the acceleration time in the past and formulate the
equations for : space-time,velocities additions, mass and energy. The equations
give in some cases different results from the usuall special relativity.Our
results are obtained by experiments like Hafele and Kaeting experiment. We
deduce the existence a cosmological frame we call : Universal Inertial Frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83636 </DOCNO>
Correction of Errors in a Modality Corpus Used for Machine Translation


  We performed corpus correction on a modality corpus for machine translation
by using such machine-learning methods as the maximum-entropy method. We thus
constructed a high-quality modality corpus based on corpus correction. We
compared several kinds of methods for corpus correction in our experiments and
developed a good method for corpus correction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4610 </DOCNO>
Mean-field instability of trapped dilute boson-fermion mixtures


  The influence of boson-boson and boson-fermion interactions on the stability
of a binary mixture of bosonic and fermionic atoms is investigated. The density
profiles of the trapped mixture are obtained from direct numerical solution of
a modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation that is self-consistently coupled to the
mean-field generated by the interaction with the fermionic species. The
fermions which in turn feel the mean-field created by the bosons are treated in
Thomas-Fermi approximation. We study the effects of different combinations of
signs of the boson-boson and the boson-fermion scattering lengths and determine
explicit expressions for critical particle numbers as function of these
scattering lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 452 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional Fermi Gas Revisited


  A number of authors have taken issue with the demonstration that the 2D
Fermion gas with short-range repulsive interactions (and, of course, including
spin) cannot be consistently treated as a renormalised quasiparticle system.
This paper shows that the arguments given in some of these papers are invalid
or irrelevant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168240 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal variables with product states eigenstates


  An alternative proof for existence of ``quantum nonlocality without
entanglement'', i.e. existence of variables with product-state eigenstates
which cannot be measured locally, is presented. A simple``nonlocal'' variable
for the case of one-way communication is given and the limit for its
approximate measurability is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98707 </DOCNO>
On amenability and co-amenability of algebraic quantum groups and their


  We introduce and study several amenability properties for unitary
corepresentations and *-representations of algebraic quantum groups, which may
be used to characterize amenability or co-amenability of such groups. As a
background for this study, we also investigate the involved tensor
C*-categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99017 </DOCNO>
Chebyshev's bias for composite numbers with restricted prime divisors


  Let P(x,d,a) denote the number of primes p<=x with p=a(mod d). Chebyshev's
bias is the phenomenon that `more often' P(x;d,n)>P(x;d,r) than the other way
around, where n is a quadratic non-residue mod d and r is a quadratic residue
mod d. If P(x;d,n)>=P(x;d,r) for every x up to some large number, then one
expects that N(x;d,n)>=N(x;d,r) for every x. Here N(x;d,a) denotes the number
of integers n<=x such that every prime divisor p of n satisfies p=a(mod d).
   In this paper we develop some tools to deal with this type of problem and
apply them to show that, for example, N(x;4,3)>=N(x;4,1) for every x. In the
process we express the so called second order Landau-Ramanujan constant as an
infinite series and show that the same type of formula holds true for a much
larger class of constants.
   In a sequel to this paper the methods developed here will be used and
somewhat refined to resolve a conjecture from P. Schmutz Schaller to the extent
that the hexagonal lattice is `better' than the square lattice (see p. 201 of
Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 35 (1998), 193-214).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168593 </DOCNO>
Classical and quantum dynamics of a particle constrained on a circle


  The Dirac method is used to analyze the classical and quantum dynamics of a
particle constrained on a circle. The method of Lagrange multiplier is
scrutinized, in particular in relation to the quantization procedure. Ordering
problems are tackled and solved by requiring the hermiticity of some operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6550 </DOCNO>
Stochastic resonance in a model of opinion formation on small-world


  We analyze the phenomenon of stochastic resonance in an Ising-like system on
a small-world network. The system, which is subject to the combined action of
noise and an external modulation, can be interpreted as a stylized model of
opinion formation by imitation under the effects of a ``fashion wave''. Both
the amplitude threshold for the detection of the external modulation and the
width of the stochastic-resonance peak show considerable variation as the
randomness of the underlying small-world network is changed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5403 </DOCNO>
The complex superstructure in Mg1-xAlxB2 at x~0.5


  Electron diffraction and high resolution microscopy have been performed on
Mg1-xAlxB2 with x~0.5. This composition displays a superstructure with a repeat
period of exactly 2c along the c axis and about 10 nm in the a-b plane. The
superstructure results in ring-shaped superreflections in the diffraction
pattern. Irradiation by a strong electron beam results in a loss of the
superstructure and a decrease of about 1% in the c lattice parameter. In-situ
heating and cooling on the other hand showed that the superstructure is stable
from 100 K to 700 K. Possible origins for the superstructure are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169040 </DOCNO>
Efficient Quantum Computation using Coherent States


  Universal quantum computation using optical coherent states is studied. A
teleportation scheme for a coherent-state qubit is developed and applied to
gate operations. This scheme is shown to be robust to detection inefficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168441 </DOCNO>
Ponderomotive entangling of atomic motions


  We propose the use of ponderomotive forces to entangle the motions of
different atoms. Two situations are analyzed: one where the atoms belong to the
same optical cavity and interact with the same radiation field mode; the other
where each atom is placed in own optical cavity and the output field of one
cavity enters the other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149111 </DOCNO>
Topics in String Tachyon Dynamics


  We review some aspects of string tachyon dynamics with special emphasis on
effective actions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125083 </DOCNO>
A quasi-spherical inner accretion flow in Seyfert galaxies ?


  We study a phenomenological model for the continuum emission of Seyfert
galaxies. In this quasi-spherical accretion scenario, the central X-ray source
is constituted by a hot spherical plasma region surrounded by spherically
distributed cold dense clouds. The cold material is radiatively coupled with
the hot thermal plasma. Assuming energy balance, we compute the hard X-ray
spectral slope Gamma and reflection amplitude R.
 This simple model enables to reproduce both the range of observed hard X-ray
spectral slopes, and reflection amplitude R. It also predicts a correlation
between R and Gamma which is very close to what is observed. Most of the
observed spectral variations from source to source, would be due to differences
in the cloud covering fraction. If some internal dissipation process is active
in the cold clouds, darkening effects may provide a simple explanation for the
observed distributions of reflection amplitudes, spectral slopes, and UV to
X-ray flux ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72382 </DOCNO>
Scenario of Light Sterile Neutrinos with A Heavy Tau Neutrino in A


  Three light sterile neutrinos (\nu_e^s, \nu_\mu^s and \nu_\tau^s) are
introduced to accommodate all the available neutrino data: the atmospheric
neutrino anomaly is explained by \nu_\mu-\nu_\mu^s oscillation with maximal
mixing; the solar one is due to \nu_e-\nu_e^s oscillation of small angle
Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein type; the Liquid Scintillation Neutrino Detector
data is from \nu_e -\nu_\mu oscillations, so that the neutrinos can be the hot
component of the dark matter. The big bang nucleosynthesis constraint is
satisfied by taking the tau neutrino to be 10 MeV heavy. The \nu_\tau decay is
discussed in a model of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking. The decay mode
\nu_\tau\to\tilde{G}\gamma with \tilde{G} being the gravitino is proposed. The
\nu_\tau has a rather long lifetime \sim 10^3-10^{13} sec. Its implication to
the Gamma-ray Burst is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128126 </DOCNO>
Wavelet Imaging Cleaning Method for Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes


  We present a new method of image cleaning for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov
telescopes. The method is based on the utilization of wavelets to identify
noise pixels in images of gamma-ray and hadronic induced air showers. This
method selects more signal pixels with Cherenkov photons than traditional image
processing techniques. In addition, the method is equally efficient at
rejecting pixels with noise alone. The inclusion of more signal pixels in an
image of an air shower allows for a more accurate reconstruction, especially at
lower gamma-ray energies that produce low levels of light. We present the
results of Monte Carlo simulations of gamma-ray and hadronic air showers which
show improved angular resolution using this cleaning procedure. Data from the
Whipple Observatory's 10-m telescope are utilized to show the efficacy of the
method for extracting a gamma-ray signal from the background of hadronic
generated images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174797 </DOCNO>
$\pi \to \pi\pi$ results in nuclei


  The Crystal Ball ($CB$) collaboration at $BNL$ has recently presented results
regarding a study of the $\pi^- A \to \pi^0\pi^0 A^\prime$ reaction on $H, D,
C, Al$ and $Cu$, using a nearly 4$\pi$ detector. Similar results, but for the
$\pi^+ A \to \pi^+\pi^{\pm} A^\prime$ reaction on $^{2}H$, $^{12}C$, $^{40}Ca$,
and $^{208}Pb$, have been published earlier by the $CHAOS$ collaboration at
$TRIUMF$. In this Brief Report a comparison of the results of the two
measurements is made, which shows that the $CHAOS$ and $CB$ data share relevant
common features. In particular, the increase in strength as a function of A
seen in the near-threshold $\pi^+ \pi^-$ invariant mass spectra reported by the
$CHAOS$ group, is also seen in the $\pi^0 \pi^0$ CB data, when the results from
the two groups are compared in a way which accounts for the different
acceptances of the two experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95869 </DOCNO>
Cyclic and finite surgeries on pretzel knots


  We classify Dehn surgeries on (p,q,r) pretzel knots resulting in a manifold
M(s) having cyclic fundamental group and analyze those leading to a finite
fundamental group. The proof uses the theory of cyclic and finite surgeries
developed by Culler, Shalen, Boyer, and Zhang. In particular, Culler-Shalen
seminorms play a central role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75063 </DOCNO>
Measuring effective electroweak couplings in single top production at


  We study the mechanism of single top production at the LHC in the framework
of an effective electroweak Lagrangian, analyzing the sensitivity of different
observables to the magnitude of the effective couplings that parametrize new
physics beyond the Standard Model. The observables relevant to the distinction
between left and right effective couplings involve in practice the measurement
of the spin of the top and this can be achieved only indirectly by measuring
the angular distribution of its decay products. We show that the presence of
effective right-handed couplings implies that the top is not in a pure spin
state. A unique spin basis is singled out which allows one to connect top decay
products angular distribution with the polarized top differential cross
section. We present a complete analytical expression of the differential
polarized cross section of the relevant perturbative subprocess including
general effective couplings. The mass of the bottom quark, which actually turns
out to be more relevant than naively expected, is retained. Finally we analyze
different aspects the total cross section relevant to the measurement of new
physics through the effective couplings. The above analysis also applies to
anti-top production in a straightforward way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128575 </DOCNO>
Significant discrepancies between stellar evolution models and


  Individual components of well-detached binary systems are assumed to be two
single-like stars with a common origin, i.e. they share the same chemical
composition and same age. Therefore, one expects to fit the observed parameters
of both components with a single isochrone at the same metallicity. We show
that serious problems appear for systems with accurate fundamental data
(eclipsing binaries in the field and in the Hyades, and a visual binary) in the
0.7-1.1 Msun mass range. We discuss and briefly review the results obtained so
far on these objects. Finally, in an attempt to solve this problem, we present
new projects, both on the theoretical and the observational sides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125839 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-Ray Point Sources, including Supernova 1979C, in the Spiral


  Six x-ray point sources, with luminosities of $4 \times 10^{38} - 2 \times
10^{39} \rm ergs s^{-1}$ in the 0.4--7 keV band, were detected in Chandra
observations of the spiral galaxy M100. One source is identified with supernova
SN 1979C and appears to have roughly constant x-ray flux for the period 16--20
years after the outburst. The x-ray spectrum is soft, as would be expected if
the x-ray emission is due to the interaction of supernova ejecta with
circumstellar matter. Most of the other sources are variable either within the
Chandra observation or when compared to archival data. None are coincident with
the peak of the radio emission at the nucleus. These sources have harder
spectra than the supernova and are likely x-ray binaries. M100 has more bright
x-ray sources than typical for spiral galaxies of its size. This is likely
related to active star formation occurring in the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1416 </DOCNO>
Giant non-linearities accompanying electromagnetically induced


  We develop a fully quantum treatment of electromagnetically induced
transparency (EIT) in a vapor of three-level $\Lambda$-type atoms. Both the
probe and coupling lasers with arbitrary intensities are quantized, and treated
on the same footing. In addition to reproducing known results on ultraslow
pulse propagation at the lowest order in the ratio of their Rabi frequencies,
our treatment uncovers that the atomic medium with EIT exhibits giant Kerr as
well as higher order non-linearities. Enhancement of many orders of magnitude
is predicted for higher-order refractive-index coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95631 </DOCNO>
The principle of local reflexivity for operator ideals and its


  We present a survey of past research activities and current results in
constructing a mathematical framework describing the principle of local
reflexivity for operator ideals and reveal further applications involving
operator ideal products consisting of operators which factor through a Hilbert
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124365 </DOCNO>
Use of Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) Detectors for an Advanced X-ray


  We describe a concept for a NASA SMEX Mission in which Gas Electron
Multiplier (GEM) detectors, developed at CERN, are adapted for use in X-ray
astronomy. These detectors can be used to obtain moderately large detector area
and two-dimensional photon positions with sub mm accuracy in the range of 1.5
to 15 keV. We describe an application of GEMs with xenon gas, coded mask
cameras, and simple circuits for measuring event positions and for
anticoincidence rejection of particle events. The cameras are arranged to cover
most of the celestial sphere, providing high sensitivity and throughput for a
wide variety of cosmic explosions. At longer timescales, persistent X-ray
sources would be monitored with unprecedented levels of coverage. The
sensitivity to faint X-ray sources on a one-day timescale would be improved by
a factor of 6 over the capability of the RXTE All Sky Monitor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126919 </DOCNO>
An efficient parallel algorithm for O(N^2) direct summation method and


  We present a novel, highly efficient algorithm to parallelize O(N^2) direct
summation method for N-body problems with individual timesteps on
distributed-memory parallel machines such as Beowulf clusters. Previously known
algorithms, in which all processors have complete copies of the N-body system,
has the serious problem that the communication-computation ratio increases as
we increase the number of processors, since the communication cost is
independent of the number of processors. In the new algorithm, p processors are
organized as a $\sqrt{p}\times \sqrt{p}$ two-dimensional array. Each processor
has $N/\sqrt{p}$ particles, but the data are distributed in such a way that
complete system is presented if we look at any row or column consisting of
$\sqrt{p}$ processors. In this algorithm, the communication cost scales as $N
/\sqrt{p}$, while the calculation cost scales as $N^2/p$. Thus, we can use a
much larger number of processors without losing efficiency compared to what was
practical with previously known algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98254 </DOCNO>
Jensen's inequality, Birkhoff's theorem and spectra of linear operators


  If $I(a)$ is the Lebesgue integral of a measurable function $a$ with respect
to a probability measure and $f$ is a convex function then, according to
Jensen's inequality, $f(I(a))\le I(f(a))$. We extend this estimate to a certain
class of functionals $I$ defined on an abstract function space, which includes
some non-linear functionals. We apply our result to operator-valued functions
$a$ and, using an infinite dimensional version of Birkhoff's theorem for doubly
stochastic matrices, reformulate Jensen's inequality for unitary invariant
convex functions $f$ on the space of operators in terms of their spectra and
numerical ranges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113753 </DOCNO>
A Conjecture about a "vision" model for blind men


  In this work we present a "vision" model for blind people, preferentially for
those ones of birth origin. The model should be implemented using the available
computational resources at the moment. The model uses a simulation of an
optical image by an appropriate sonorous "image" according to certain rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75531 </DOCNO>
Determination of <2pi_{I=2}|Q_{7,8}|K0> in the Chiral Limit


  We reconsider the dispersive evaluation of the weak matrix elements
<2pi_{I=2}|Q_{7,8}|K0> in the chiral limit. The perturbative matching is
accomplished fully within the scheme dependence used in the two loop weak OPE
calculations. The effects of dimension eight (and higher dimension) operators
are fully accounted for. We perform a numerical determination of the weak
matrix elements using our dispersive sum rules fortified by constraints from
the classical chiral sum rules. A careful assessment of the attendant
uncertainties is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123665 </DOCNO>
Lithium-Beryllium-Boron Evolution: From Meneguzzi, Audouze and Reeves


  We review the main sources of LiBeB production and show that a primary
mechanism is at work in the early Galaxy involving both ejection and
acceleration of He, C and O at moderate energy, which by nuclear interaction
with
 H and He produce light isotopes. The precise measurement of the Be abundance
at [Fe/H] = -3.3 and of $^6Li$ in halo stars find an explanation in this
framework. Thus, the preservation of $^6Li$ in the atmosphere of metal poor
stars implied, points toward the fact the Spite plateau reflects the primordial
value of Li. Consequently, it can be used as a baryodensitometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124399 </DOCNO>
Weak-Lensing Halo Numbers and Dark-Matter Profiles


  Integral measures of weak gravitational lensing by dark-matter haloes, like
the aperture mass, are sensitive to different physical halo properties
dependent on the halo mass density profile. For isothermal profiles, the
relation between aperture mass and virial mass is steeper than for haloes with
the universal NFW profile. Consequently, the halo mass range probed by the
aperture mass is much wider for NFW than for isothermal haloes. We use recent
modifications to the Press-Schechter mass function in CDM models normalised to
the local abundance of rich clusters, to predict the properties of the halo
sample expected to be accessible with the aperture mass technique. While ~10
haloes should be detected per square degree if the haloes have NFW profiles,
their number density is lower by approximately an order of magnitude if they
have isothermal profiles. These results depend only very mildly on the
cosmological background model. We conclude that counts of haloes with a
significant weak-lensing signal are a powerful discriminator between different
dark-matter profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2687 </DOCNO>
Electron spin resonance in high-field critical phase of gapped spin


  Motivated by recent experiments on Ni(C_{2}H_{8}N_{2})_{2}Ni(CN)_{4}
(commonly known as NENC), we study the electron spin resonance in the critical
high-field phase of the antiferromagnetic S=1 chain with strong planar
anisotropy and show that the ESR spectra exhibit several peculiarities in the
critical phase. Possible relevance of those results for other gapped spin
systems is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73548 </DOCNO>
Parton densities and dipole cross-sections at small x in large nuclei


  Unintegrated gluon densities in nuclei, dipole-nucleus cross-sections and
quark densities are numerically investigated in the high-colour limit, with the
scattering on a heavy nucleus exactly described by the sum of fan diagrams of
BFKL pomerons. The initial condition for the evolution in rapidity is quickly
forgotten, and the gluon density presents a "supersaturation" pattern, as
previous studies indicated. Both dipole-nucleus cross-sections and quark
densities present the expected saturation features. Identifying the position in
transverse momentum $l$ of the maximum of the gluon distribution with the
saturation momentum $Q_s(y,b)$, at large rapidities all distributions depend
only on one variable $[l/Q_s(y,b)]$ or $[rQ_s(y,b)]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6894 </DOCNO>
Comment on 'Statistical mechanics of CDMA multiuser demodulation'


  In a recent paper, Tanaka formulated and solved a model of CDMA multiuser
demodulation by applying the theory of spin glasses, the replica method in
particular. It is shown in the present comment that some of his results can be
derived without recourse to the replica method; conclusions from the somewhat
tricky replica method are justified rigorously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4866 </DOCNO>
Lattice Relaxation and Charge-Transfer Optical Transitions Due to


  We use the Mott-Littleton approach to evaluate polarisation energies in
LaMnO$_3$ lattice associated with holes localized on both Mn$^{3+}$ cation and
O$^{2-}$ anion. The full (electronic and ionic) lattice relaxation energy for a
hole localized at the O-site is estimated as 2.4 eV which is appreciably
greater than that of 0.8 eV for a hole localized at the Mn-site, indicating on
the strong electron-phonon interaction in the former case. Using a Born-Haber
cycle we examine thermal and optical energies of the hole formation associated
with electron ionization from Mn$^{3+}$, O$^{2-}$ and La$^{3+}$ ions in
LaMnO$_3$ lattice. For these calculations we derive a phenomenological value
for the second electron affinity of oxygen in LaMnO$_3$ lattice by matching the
optical energies of La$^{4+}$ and O$^-$ hole formation with maxima of binding
energies in the experimental photoemission spectra. The calculated thermal
energies predict that the electronic hole is marginally more stable in the
Mn$^{4+}$ state in LaMnO$_3$ host lattice, but the energy of a hole in the
O$^-$ state is only higher by a small amount, 0.75 eV, rather suggesting that
both possibilities should be treated seriously. We examine the energies of a
number of fundamental optical transitions, as well as those involving
self-trapped holes of Mn$^{4+}$ and O$^-$ in LaMnO$_3$ lattice. The reasonable
agreement with experiment of our predicted energies, linewidths and oscillator
strengths leads us to plausible assignments of the optical bands observed. We
deduce that the optical band near 5 eV is associated with O(2p) - Mn(3d)
transition of charge-transfer character, whereas the band near 2.3 eV is rather
associated with the presence of Mn$^{4+}$ and/or O$^-$ self-trapped holes in
non-stoichiometric LaMnO$_3$ compound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126810 </DOCNO>
The Galactic disk mass-budget : I. stellar mass-function and density


  In this paper, we use the general theory worked out within the past few years
for the structure and the evolution of low-mass stars to derive the stellar
mass-function in the Galactic disk down to the vicinity of the hydrogen-burning
limit, from the observed nearby luminosity functions. The accuracy of the
mass-magnitude relationships derived from the afore-mentioned theory is
examined by comparison with recent, accurate observational relationships in the
M-dwarf domain. The mass function is shown to flatten out below $\sim 1 \msol$
but to keep rising down to the bottom of the main sequence. Combining the
present determination below 1 $\msol$ and Scalo's (1986) mass function for
larger masses, we show that the mass function is well described over the entire
stellar mass range, from $\sim 100 \msol$ to $\sim 0.1 \msol$, by three
functional forms, namely a two-segment power-law, a log-normal form or an
exponential form, all normalized to the Hipparcos sample at 0.8 $\msol$.
Integration of this mass function yields a reasonably accurate census of the
entire stellar population in the Galactic disk, and its volume and surface
mass-density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129228 </DOCNO>
A Jet-ADAF model for Sgr A*


  The recent {\em Chandra} observation of the radio source at the center of our
Galaxy, Sgr A$^*$, puts new constraints on its theoretical models. The spectrum
is very soft, and the source is rapidly variable. We consider different models
to explain the observations. We find that the features of the x-ray spectrum
can be marginally explained with an advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF)
model while it does not well fit the radio spectrum. An ADAF with strong winds
(ADIOS) model is not favored if we assume that the wind does not radiate.
Alternatively, we propose a coupled jet plus accretion disk model to explain
the observations for Sgr A$^*$. The accretion flow is described as an ADAF fed
by Bondi-Hoyle accretion of hot plasma in the Galactic Center region. A small
fraction of the accretion flow is ejected near the black hole, forming a jet
after passing through a shock. As a result, the electron temperature increases
to $\sim 2 \times 10^{11}{\rm K}$, which is about 10 times higher than the
highest temperature attained in the ADAF. The model is self-consistent since
the main jet parameters are determined by the underlying accretion disk at the
inner edge. The emergent spectrum of Sgr A$^*$ is the sum of the emission from
jet and underlying ADAF. The very strong Comptonization of synchrotron emission
from the jet dominates the bremsstrahlung from the ADAF, therefore, a very
short variability timescale is expected and the predicted X-ray slope and the
radio spectrum is in very good agreement with the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99233 </DOCNO>
Moduli space of symmetric connections


  The action of origin-preserving diffeomorphisms on a space of jets of
symmetric connections is considered. Dimensions of moduli spaces of generic
connections are calculated. Poincar\'e series of the geometric structure of
symmetric connection is constructed, and shown to be a rational function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75300 </DOCNO>
Single transverse-spin asymmetry in Drell-Yan lepton angular


  We calculate a single transverse-spin asymmetry for the Drell-Yan
lepton-pair's angular distribution in perturbative QCD. At leading order in the
strong coupling constant, the asymmetry is expressed in terms of a twist-3
quark-gluon correlation function T_F^{(V)}(x_1,x_2). In our calculation, the
same result was obtained in both light-cone and covariant gauge in QCD, while
keeping explicit electromagnetic current conservation for the virtual photon
that decays into the lepton pair. We also present a numerical estimate of the
asymmetry and compare the result to an existing other prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86921 </DOCNO>
Ricci Collineations in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Spacetimes


  Ricci collineations and Ricci inheritance collineations of
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetimes are considered. When the Ricci tensor is
non-degenerate, it is shown that the spacetime always admits a fifteen
parameter group of Ricci inheritance collineations; this is the maximal
possible dimension for spacetime manifolds. The general form of the vector
generating the symmetry is exhibited. It is also shown, in the generic case,
that the group of Ricci collineations is six-dimensional and coincides with the
isometry group. In special cases the spacetime may admit either one or four
proper Ricci collineations in addition to the six isometries. These special
cases are classified and the general form of the vector fields generating the
Ricci collineations is exhibited. When the Ricci tensor is degenerate, the
groups of Ricci inheritance collineations and Ricci collineations are
infinite-dimensional. General forms for the generating vectors are obtained.
Similar results are obtained for matter collineations and matter inheritance
collineations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86393 </DOCNO>
Approach to the Singularity in Spatially Inhomogeneous Cosmologies


  A combination of analytic and numerical methods has yielded a clear
understanding of the approach to the singularity in spatially inhomogeneous
cosmologies. Strong support is found for the longstanding claim by Belinskii,
Khalatnikov, and Lifshitz that the collapse is dominated by local Kasner or
Mixmaster behavior. The Method of Consistent Potentials is used to establish
the consistency of asymptotic velocity term dominance (AVTD) (local Kasner
behavior) in that no terms in Einstein's equations will grow exponentially when
the VTD solution, obtained by neglecting all terms containing spatial
derivatives, is substituted into the full equations. When the VTD solution is
inconsistent, the exponential terms act dynamically as potentials either to
drive the system into a consistent AVTD regime or to maintain an oscillatory
approach to the singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148407 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Time-Space Noncommutative Field Theories


  We propose a physical interpretation of the perturbative breakdown of
unitarity in time-like noncommutative field theories in terms of production of
tachyonic particles. These particles may be viewed as a remnant of a continuous
spectrum of undecoupled closed-string modes. In this way, we give a unified
view of the string-theoretical and the field-theoretical no-go arguments
against time-like noncommutative theories. We also perform a quantitative study
of various locality and causality properties of noncommutative field theories
at the quantum level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2324 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Study of Pressure Effect on TDAE-C60


  We have theoretically studied pressure effects on molecular ferromagnet
C$_{60}$ complexes with tetrakis (dimethylamino) ethylene (TDAE), particularly
the pressure-induced depression of the Curie temperature. The observed behavior
is well simulated with our model based on a charge transfer induced
intramolecular Jahn-Teller distortion and an intermolecular cooperative
Jahn-Teller interaction. We emphasize that the theoretical simulation is
carried out with reasonable parameters known for C$_{60}^-$ complexes. It is
concluded that the enhancement of crystal field at C$_{60}$ site due to
increasing pressure causes the depression of Curie temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73804 </DOCNO>
Solving the Hierarchy Problem without Supersymmetry or Extra Dimensions:


  In this paper, we propose a possible new approach towards solving the gauge
hierarchy problem without supersymmetry and without extra spacetime dimensions.
This approach relies on the finiteness of string theory and the conjectured
stability of certain non-supersymmetric string vacua. One crucial ingredient in
this approach is the idea of ``misaligned supersymmetry'', which explains how
string theories may be finite even without exhibiting spacetime supersymmetry.
This approach towards solving the gauge hierarchy problem is therefore
complementary to recent proposals involving both large and small extra
spacetime dimensions. This approach may also give a new perspective towards
simultaneously solving the cosmological constant problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5032 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phase Transition in a Multi-Level Dot


  We discuss electronic transport through a lateral quantum dot close to the
singlet-triplet degeneracy in the case of a single conduction channel per lead.
By applying the Numerical Renormalization Group, we obtain rigorous results for
the linear conductance and the density of states. A new quantum phase
transition of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type is found, with an exponentially
small energy scale $T^*$ close to the degeneracy point. Below $T^*$, the
conductance is strongly suppressed, corresponding to a universal dip in the
density of states. This explains recent transport measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6160 </DOCNO>
2D models of statistical physics with continuous symmetry: the case of


  We show the absence of continuous symmetry breaking in 2D lattice systems
without any smoothness assumptions on the interaction. We treat certain cases
of interactions with integrable singularities. We also present cases of
singular interactions with continuous symmetry, when the symmetry is broken in
the thermodynamic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97908 </DOCNO>
Scattering Matrix in Conformal Geometry


  This paper describes the connection between scattering matrices on
conformally compact asymptotically Einstein manifolds and conformally invariant
objects on their boundaries at infinity. The conformally invariant powers of
the Laplacian arise as residues of the scattering matrix and Branson's
Q-curvature in even dimensions as a limiting value. The integrated Q-curvature
is shown to equal a multiple of the coefficient of the logarithmic term in the
renormalized volume expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127967 </DOCNO>
Origin of the galaxy morphology


  In the current most plausible Cold Dark Matter (CDM) cosmology, larger clumps
increase their mass by the progressive merger of smaller clumps. During the
evolution, a several merger events, e.g., many minor and a few major merger
events, strongly affect the morphology of galaxies as assumed in semi-analytic
models. With our physically most detailed high resolution SPH models, we try to
tackle the origin of the galaxy morphology. We compute the evolution of 50
over-density peaks in SCDM cosmology and analyzed the obtained properties of
the model. We have obtained many different types of star formation history. As
a preliminary result, we found the relation between the morphology of the model
galaxies and their star formation history. Also we present the global star
formation history and metal enrichment history as a function of the redshift,
which are obtained by the summing the whole results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75360 </DOCNO>
Extra Dimensional Signatures for CLIC


  A brief overview is presented of the signatures for several different models
with extra dimensions at CLIC, an $e^+e^-$ linear collider with a center of
mass energy of 3-5 TeV and an integrated luminosity of order 1 $ab^{-1}$. In
all cases the search reach for the resulting new physics signatures is found to
be in the range of $\simeq$15-80 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86946 </DOCNO>
Lorentz violations in canonical quantum gravity


  This is a summary of a talk given at the CP01 meeting on possible Lorentz
anomalies in canonical quantum gravity. It briefly reviews some initial
explorations on the subject that have taken place recently, and should be only
be seen as a short pointer to the literature on the subject, mostly for
outsiders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1360 </DOCNO>
Bogomol'nyi Decomposition for Vesicles of Arbitrary Genus


  We apply the Bogomol'nyi technique, which is usually invoked in the study of
solitons or models with topological invariants, to the case of elastic energy
of vesicles. We show that spontaneous bending contribution caused by any
deformation from metastable bending shapes falls in two distinct topological
sets: shapes of spherical topology and shapes of non-spherical topology
experience respectively a deviatoric bending contribution a la Fischer and a
mean curvature bending contribution a la Helfrich. In other words, topology may
be considered to describe bending phenomena. Besides, we calculate the bending
energy per genus and the bending closure energy regardless of the shape of the
vesicle. As an illustration we briefly consider geometrical frustration
phenomena experienced by magnetically coated vesicles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73246 </DOCNO>
Compton Scattering off Relativistic Bound States: Two-Photon Vertices,


  In a general framework that has been labeled the ``gauging of equations
method'', we study the diagrams that contribute to Compton scattering off a
relativistic composite system. These contributions can be derived for
$N$--particle bound states described by the covariant Bethe--Salpeter equation
with a method equivalent to minimal substitution in the one--particle case and
yield the correct contributions (including subtraction terms) in the order
${\cal O}(e^2)$. We give the Ward--Takahashi identities for the general
two--photon vertex as well as the corresponding constraints for the two--photon
irreducible interaction kernel and the Bethe--Salpeter amplitude describing the
bound state. From this we can show that gauge invariance holds for the full
two--photon vertex. We furthermore study in detail the low--energy limit of the
Compton scattering tensor in this approach (including a discussion of the pole
terms) and can prove that the full amplitude yields the correct Born--Thomson
limit as we shall explicitly show for the spin--0 case.
  The calculations are completed by the investigation of certain approximations
that can be formulated for arbitrary $N$--particle bound states. We neglect for
instance contributions from $n$--photon irreducible interaction kernels and
show that in this case gauge invariance is only realized if either the
interaction kernel in the Bethe--Salpeter equation is independent of the total
momentum and additionally is of local type, or if the photon energies vanish;
furthermore, we find the correct low--energy limit in this approximation. To
clarify our approach, we also give the results in the order ${\cal O} (e)$; as
examples, we will quote some resulting lowest order expressions for a $q\bar q$
system explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6008 </DOCNO>
Influence of Random Internal Fields on the Tunneling of OH Defects in


  Alkali halide crystals doped with certain impurity ions show a low
temperature behaviour, which differs significantly from that of pure crystals.
The origin of these characteristic differences are tunneling centers formed by
atomic or molecular impurity ions. We have investigated the dielectric
susceptibility of hydroxyl ions in NaCl crystals at very low concentrations
(below 30 ppm), where interactions are believed to be negligible. We find that
the temperature dependence of the susceptibility is noticeably different from
what one would expect for isolated defects in a symmetric environment. We
propose that the origin of these deviations are random internal strains arising
from imperfections of the host crystal. We will present the experimental data
and a theoretical model which allows a quantitative understanding on a
microscopic basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 198 </DOCNO>
Correlation Time Scales in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Model


  We investigate the dynamical behavior of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick mean
field model of spin glasses by numerical simulation. All the time scales tau we
have measured behave like ln(tau) propto N^epsilon, where N is the number of
spins and epsilon \simeq 1/3. This is true whether the autocorrelation function
used to define tau is sensitive to the full reversal of the system or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126116 </DOCNO>
A Possible Explanation for the "Parallel Tracks" Phenomenon in Low-Mass


  An explanation is proposed for the fact that in LMXBs the correlation between
most observable X-ray spectral and timing parameters (such as kHz QPO
frequency) on the one hand, and Lx on the other, while generally good in a
given source on a time scale of hours, is absent both on longer time scales and
between sources. This leads to parallel tracks in plots of such parameters vs.
Lx. Where previous explanations require at least two time-variable independent
parameters, e.g. Mdot through the disk and through a radial inflow, one is in
fact sufficient if the systemic response to time variations in this variable
has both a prompt and a time-averaged component. I explore a scenario in which
most observable spectral and timing parameters to first order depend on disk
accretion rate normalized by its own long-term average rather than on any
individual Mdot; Lx just depends on total Mdot. Thus, parameters can be
uncorrelated to Mdot, yet vary in response to Mdot variations. Numerical
simulations of the model describing the dependence of kHz QPO frequency on Lx,
which observationally is characterized by a striking pattern of parallel tracks
both in individual sources and between sources, reproduce the observations
remarkably well. A physical interpretation involving a radial inflow with a
rate that derives through a time averaging process from the disk accretion
rate, and an inner disk radius that depends on the balance between the
accretion through the disk and the total luminosity seems particularly
promising. The consequences of this idea for our understanding of states and
tracks in LMXBs are discussed, and the applicability of the idea to black-hole
candidates, where the observational situation is more complex, is briefly
addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73725 </DOCNO>
Exploring Skewed Parton Distributions with Two-body Models on the Light


  We explore skewed parton distributions for simple, model wave-functions in a
truncated two-body Fock space. Consideration of non-Gaussian wave functions is
our main emphasis, from which we observe the distributions are bimodal (there
can be two distinct peaks) in the Fock-space diagonal overlap region (x > xi).
We demonstrate that this behavior arises from convoluting two light-front wave
functions to form the skewed parton distribution. Furthermore, the
factorization Ansaetze, which have been used often, are shown not to hold. At
high t, we can write the skewed parton distribution in terms of quark
distribution amplitudes and perturbative wave functions thereby providing new
tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169030 </DOCNO>
Transformations of q-boson and q-fermion algebras


  We investigate the algebras satisfied by q-deformed boson and fermion
oscillators, in particular the transformations of the algebra from one form to
another. Based on a specific algebra proposed in recent literature, we show
that the algebra of deformed fermions can be transformed to that of undeformed
standard fermions. Furthermore we also show that the algebra of q-deformed
fermions can be transformed to that of undeformed standard bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73709 </DOCNO>
Second Order Perturbations in the Randall-Sundrum Infinite Brane-World


  We discuss the non-linear gravitational interactions in the Randall-Sundrum
single brane model. If we naively write down the 4-dimensional effective action
integrating over the fifth dimension with the aid of the decomposition with
respect to eigen modes of 4-dimensional d'Alembertian, the Kaluza-Klein mode
coupling seems to be ill-defined. We carefully analyze second order
perturbations of the gravitational field induced on the 3-brane under the
assumption of the static and axial-symmetric 5-dimensional metric. It is shown
that there remains no pathological feature in the Kaluza-Klein mode coupling
after the summation over all different mass modes. Furthermore, the leading
Kaluza-Klein corrections are shown to be sufficiently suppressed in comparison
with the leading order term which is obtained by the zero mode truncation. We
confirm that the 4-dimensional Einstein gravity is approximately recovered on
the 3-brane up to second order perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125227 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis and mixing on the Asymptotic Giant Branch. III.


  We present the results of s-process nucleosynthesis calculations for AGB
stars of different metallicities and initial masses. The computations were
based on previously published stellar evolutionary models that account for the
III dredge up phenomenon occurring late on the AGB. Neutron production is
driven by the 13C(alpha,n)16O reaction during the interpulse periods in a tiny
layer in radiative equilibrium at the top of the He- and C-rich shell. The
s-enriched material is subsequently mixed with the envelope by the III dredge
up, and the envelope composition is computed after each thermal pulse. We
follow the changes in the photospheric abundance of the Ba-peak elements (heavy
s, or `hs') and that of the Zr-peak ones (light s, or `ls'), whose logarithmic
ratio [hs/ls] has often been adopted as an indicator of the s-process
efficiency. The theoretical predictions are compared with published abundances
of s elements for Galactic AGB giants of classes MS, S, SC, post-AGB
supergiants, and for various classes of binary stars. The observations in
general confirm the complex dependence of n captures on metallicity. They
suggest that a moderate spread exists in the abundance of 13C that is burnt in
different stars. Although additional observations are needed, a good
understanding has been achieved of s-process operation in AGB. The detailed
abundance distribution including the light elements (CNO) of a few s-enriched
stars at different metallicity are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83580 </DOCNO>
Gene Expression Programming: a New Adaptive Algorithm for Solving


  Gene expression programming, a genotype/phenotype genetic algorithm (linear
and ramified), is presented here for the first time as a new technique for the
creation of computer programs. Gene expression programming uses character
linear chromosomes composed of genes structurally organized in a head and a
tail. The chromosomes function as a genome and are subjected to modification by
means of mutation, transposition, root transposition, gene transposition, gene
recombination, and one- and two-point recombination. The chromosomes encode
expression trees which are the object of selection. The creation of these
separate entities (genome and expression tree) with distinct functions allows
the algorithm to perform with high efficiency that greatly surpasses existing
adaptive techniques. The suite of problems chosen to illustrate the power and
versatility of gene expression programming includes symbolic regression,
sequence induction with and without constant creation, block stacking, cellular
automata rules for the density-classification problem, and two problems of
boolean concept learning: the 11-multiplexer and the GP rule problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149 </DOCNO>
Opinion evolution in closed community


  A simple Ising spin model which can describe a mechanism of making a decision
in a closed community is proposed. It is shown via standard Monte Carlo
simulations that very simple rules lead to rather complicated dynamics and to a
power law in the decision time distribution. It is found that a closed
community has to evolve either to a dictatorship or a stalemate state
(inability to take any common decision). A common decision can be taken in a
"democratic way" only by an open community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86151 </DOCNO>
A finiteness proof for the Lorentzian state sum spinfoam model for


  We show that the normalized Lorentzian state sum is finite on any
triangulation. It thus provides a candidate for a perturbatively finite quantum
theory of general relativity in four dimensions with Lorentzian signature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113897 </DOCNO>
What is Time? A New Mathematico- Physical and Information Theoretic


  A New Mathematico-Physical and Information Theoretic Approach
 Examination of the available hard core information to firm up the process of
unification of quantum and gravitational physics leads to the conclusion that
for achieving this synthesis, major paradigm shifts are needed as also the
answering of `What is Time?' The object of this submission is to point out the
means of achieving such a grand synthesis. Currently the main pillars
supporting the edifice of physics are: (i) The geometrical concepts of space-
time-gravitation, (ii) The dynamic concepts involving quantum of action, (iii)
Statistical thermodynamic concepts, heat and entropy, (iv) Mathematical
concepts, tools and techniques serving both as a grand plan and the means of
calculation and last but not least v)Controlled observation, pertinent
experimentation as the final arbiter. In making major changes the author is
following Dirac's dictum "....make changes without sacrificing the existing
superstructure". It is shown that time can be treated as a parameter rather
than an additional dimension. A new entity called "Ekon" having the properties
of both space and momentum is introduced along with a space called
"Chalachala". The requisite connection with Einstein's formulation and
mathematical aperatus required have been formulated which is highly suited for
the purpose. The primacy of the Plancks quantum of action and its
representation geometrically as a twist is introduced. The practical and
numerical estimates have been made and applied to evaluation of the
gravitational constant in a a seperate submission "Estimations of gravitational
constant from CMBR data".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96299 </DOCNO>
On the Goedel's formula


  The article examines the Goedel's formula. It is demonstrated that if the
formula G exists, then the Goedel's number of the formula G is not a finite
number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168538 </DOCNO>
Proof of security of quantum key distribution with two-way classical


  Shor and Preskill have provided a simple proof of security of the standard
quantum key distribution scheme by Bennett and Brassard (BB84) by demonstrating
a connection between key distribution and entanglement purification protocols
with one-way communications. Here we provide proofs of security of standard
quantum key distribution schemes, BB84 and the six-state scheme, against the
most general attack, by using the techniques of *two*-way entanglement
purification. Our result shows that they can tolerate higher bit error rates
than any scheme with only one-way classical communications. Consequently, such
protocols may allow higher key generation rate and remain secure over longer
distances than previously proven. Our investigation suggests that two-way
entanglement purification is a useful tool in the study of advantage
distillation, error correction, privacy amplification protocols.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124037 </DOCNO>
Detecting high redshift evolved galaxies as the hosts of optically faint


  We combine deep Subaru near-infrared images of the massive lensing clusters
A2390 and A370 with Keck optical data to map the spectral energy distributions
(SEDs) of Chandra X-ray sources lying behind the clusters. The three sources
behind A2390 are found to have extremely red colors with SEDs consistent with
evolved galaxies at redshifts z>1.4. One source has extremely anomalous colors,
which we interpret as evidence for a type Sa SED at a redshift around 2.5. The
photometric redshift of another source has been confirmed at z=1.467 from
near-infrared spectroscopy using the CISCO spectrograph on Subaru. Mapping of
optically faint hard X-ray sources may prove to be an extremely efficient way
to locate luminous evolved galaxies at high redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129002 </DOCNO>
A submillimetre difference between radio galaxies and radio quasars:


  We present submillimetre photometry of 11 3CR and 6CE radio quasars of
similar 151-MHz radio luminosity and redshifts to the radio galaxies studied at
1.3<z<2 by Archibald et al. (2001). We detect all bar one quasar at 850
microns, and five quasars are confirmed as dusty hyperluminous objects by
detections at shorter wavelengths. Our observations reveal a clear difference
between the submillimetre luminosity distributions of the radio quasars and a
matched sample of radio galaxies: the quasars are ~5-times brighter than the
radio galaxies and >~2-times brighter accounting for possible synchrotron
contamination. This difference is in quantitative agreement with a
receding-torus unified scheme for radio sources in which the torus opening
angle depends on quasar optical luminosity, provided that there is a close
relationship between the optical and submillimetre luminosities. The
implication is that quasar-heated dust dominates the submillimetre emission for
powerful radio quasars at z~1.5. We find a significant anti-correlation between
submillimetre/far-infrared luminosity L_FIR and radio source age in the sense
that hyperluminous quasars tend to be associated with young (<10^7 yr) sources.
This suggests that the processes controlling L_FIR are synchronized with the
jet-triggering event and that L_FIR declines on a ~10^7 yr timescale. There is
evidence for a small amount of obscuration in the hyperluminous quasars from
reddening and associated or broad absorption lines. We speculate that shortly
after jet triggering, dust is more widely distributed than at later times and
is heated by the quasar nucleus and/or a short-lived synchronized starburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98309 </DOCNO>
KMS states for generalized gauge actions on Cuntz-Krieger algebras (An


  Given a zero-one matrix A we consider certain one-parameter groups of
automorphisms of the Cuntz-Krieger algebra O_A, generalizing the usual gauge
group, and depending on a positive continuous function H defined on the Markov
space \Sigma_A. The main result consists of an application of Ruelle's
Perron-Frobenius Theorem to show that these automorphism groups admit a single
KMS state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 878 </DOCNO>
Transformation Kinetics on Mechanical Alloying


  We propose and develop a model as an attempt to describe the local mechanism
of mechanical alloying. This model is based on the observation of global
parameters, such as the phases volume, and its transformations during the
process. The model is applied to milled Fe-Cu and Fe-N experimental results
obtained in previous works. In the milling of Fe-Cu system, four stages, whose
features are in accordance with experimental observation, are identified: (i)
energy storage; (ii) start of the reaction and speed up of it; (iii) decrease
of the reaction rate and (iv) stationary stage. No energy storage stage is
observed and no saturation is achieved in the milling of Fe-N system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148224 </DOCNO>
Supermatrix Models


  We investigate several matrix models based on super Lie algebras,
osp(1|32,R), u(1|16,16) and gl(1|32,R). They are natural generalizations of IIB
matrix model and were first proposed by Smolin. In particular, we study the
supersymmetry structures of these models and discuss possible reductions to IIB
matrix model. We also point out that diffeomorphism invariance is hidden in
gauge theories on noncommutative space which are derived from matrix models.
This symmetry is independent of the global SO(9,1) invariance in IIB matrix
model and we report our trial to extend the global Lorentz invariance to local
symmetry by introducing u(1|16,16) or gl(1|32,R) super Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74397 </DOCNO>
The Quenching of the Axial Coupling in Nuclear and Neutron-Star Matter


  Using a chirally invariant effective Lagrangian, we calculate the density and
isospin dependences of the in-medium axial coupling, $g_A^*$, in spatially
uniform matter present in core collapse supernovae and neutron stars. The
quenching of $g_A^*$ with density in matter with different proton fractions is
found to be similar. However, our results suggest that the quenching of the
nucleon's $g_A^*$ in matter with hyperons is likely to be significantly greater
than in matter with nucleons only.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114281 </DOCNO>
Distributed Can-Bus Based Beam Diagnostic System for Pulse Race-Track


  Very compact 70 MeV pulse race-track microtron is under construction now. To
acquire outputs of beam-current transformers on every orbit and pulses of high
voltage and RF field a distributed multi-channel beam diagnostic system was
developed. Each acquisition controller consists of four fast differential
amplifiers and one DSP-based micro-controller with on-chip ADC and CAN-bus
controller. Each amplifier is coupled with beam-current transformer and has
bandwidth of up to 150MHz and gain of up to 10. One of four channels is
acquired during a measurement cycle. Another channel could be selected between
two following pulses. All the controllers are connected via optically coupled
CAN-bus with a host diskless PC running under Linux with the RTLinux extension.
Dedicated software of the system consists of low level acquisition software for
DSP, network software for controllers and host PC, application software for PC
to present date for operator and control system. Standard CAN application
layers were considered but refused because of the closed character of the whole
system and centralised synchronisation of the whole system. Dedicated software
of the system consists from low level acquisition software for DSP, network
software for controllers and host PC, application software for PC to present
date for operator and control system. Standard CAN application layers were
considered but refused because of closed character of the whole system and
centralised synchronisation of the whole system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3319 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure and weak electron-phonon coupling in TaB$_2$


  We present electronic structure calculations together with resistivity,
susceptibility, and specific heat measurements for TaB$_2$ to search for the
recently contradictorily reported superconductivity and to study related normal
state properties. We ascribe the absence of superconductivity down to 1.5 K for
our TaB$_2$ samples to the generally weak electron phonon coupling derived from
comparison of the calculated and measured specific heat constants. For the
E$_{2g}$ and the B$_{1g}$ $\Gamma$ point phonons we derive from the calculated
deformation potentials very small electron phonon couplings for these modes,
opposite to the strong coupling of the E$_{2g}$ mode in MgB$_2$, probably
responsible for its high $T_c$. In comparison to MgB$_2$, we discuss the origin
of the quite different features in the density of states and of the Fermi
surfaces. The differences are mainly due to the strong hybridization between Ta
5$d$ and B 2$p$ states outside the hexagonal basis plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86011 </DOCNO>
Perturbations with angular momentum of Robinson-Trautman spacetimes


  We study the possible asymptotically flat perturbations of Robinson-Trautman
spacetimes. We differentiate between algebraically special perturbations and
general perturbations. The equations that determine physically realistic
spacetimes with angular momentum are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7205 </DOCNO>
A Geometric Formulation of Quantum Stress Fields


  We present a derivation of the stress field for an interacting quantum system
within the framework of local density functional theory. The formulation is
geometric in nature and exploits the relationship between the strain tensor
field and Riemannian metric tensor field. Within this formulation, we
demonstrate that the stress field is unique up to a single ambiguous parameter.
The ambiguity is due to the non-unique dependence of the kinetic energy on the
metric tensor. To illustrate this formalism, we compute the pressure field for
two phases of solid molecular hydrogen. Furthermore, we demonstrate that
qualitative results obtained by interpreting the hydrogen pressure field are
not influenced by the presence of the kinetic ambiguity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128081 </DOCNO>
Group analysis in the SSRS2 catalog


  We present an automated method to detect populations of groups in galaxy
redshift catalogs. This method uses both analysis of the redshift distribution
along lines of sight in fixed cells to detect elementary structures and a
friend-of-friend algorithm to merge these elementary structures into physical
structures. We apply this method to the SSRS2 galaxy redshift catalog. The
groups detected with our method are similar to group catalogs detected with
pure friend-of-friend algorithms. They have similar mass distribution, similar
abundance versus redshift, similar 2-point correlation function and the same
redshift completeness limit, close to 5000 km/s. If instead of SSRS2, we use
catalogs of new generation, it would lead to a completeness limit of
z$\sim$0.7. We model the luminosity function for nearby galaxy groups by a
Schechter function with parameters M*=(-19.99+/-0.36)+5logh and alpha=-1.46 +/-
0.17 to compute the mass to light ratio. The median value of the mass to light
ratio is 360 h M/L and we deduce a relation between mass to light ratio and
velocity dispersion sigma (M/L=3.79 +/- 0.64)sigma -(294 +/- 570)). The more
massive the group, the higher the mass to light ratio, and therefore, the
larger the amount of dark matter inside the group. Another explanation is a
significant stripping of the gas of the galaxies in massive groups as opposed
to low mass groups. This extends to groups of galaxies the mild tendency
already detected for rich clusters of galaxies. Finally, we detect a barely
significant fundamental plane for these groups but much less narrow than for
clusters of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128760 </DOCNO>
Probing the distribution of dark matter in the Abell 901/902


  We present a weak shear analysis of the Abell 901/902 supercluster, composed
of three rich clusters at z=0.16. Using a deep R-band image from the 0.5 x 0.5
degree MPG/ESO Wide Field Imager together with supplementary B-band
observations, we build up a comprehensive picture of the light and mass
distributions in this region. We find that, on average, the light from the
early-type galaxies traces the dark matter fairly well, although one cluster is
a notable exception to this rule. The clusters themselves exhibit a range of
mass-to-light (M/L) ratios, X-ray properties, and galaxy populations. We
attempt to model the relation between the total mass and the light from the
early-type galaxies with a simple scale-independent linear biasing model. We
find M/L_B=130h for the early type galaxies with zero stochasticity, which, if
taken at face value, would imply Omega_m < 0.1. However, this linear relation
breaks down on small scales and on scales equivalent to the average cluster
separation (approximately 1 Mpc), demonstrating that a single M/L ratio is not
adequate to fully describe the mass-light relation in the supercluster. Rather,
the scatter in M/L ratios observed for the clusters supports a model
incorporating non-linear biasing or stochastic processes. Finally, there is a
clear detection of filamentary structure connecting two of the clusters, seen
in both the galaxy and dark matter distributions, and we discuss the effects of
cluster-cluster and cluster-filament interactions as a means to reconcile the
disparate descriptions of the supercluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97607 </DOCNO>
A Negative Answer to a Question by Rieffel


  In this article, we address one of the questions raised by Marc Rieffel in
his collection of questions on deformation quantization. The question is
whether the $K$-groups remain the same under flabby strict deformation
quantizations. By "deforming" the question slightly, we produce a negative
answer to the question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174753 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological analysis of K+ meson production in proton-nucleus


  Total and differential cross sections from literature, on the production of
K+ mesons in pA interactions at projectile energies between T=0.8 and 2.9 GeV,
covering the transition across the free nucleon-nucleon threshold at 1.58 GeV,
have been investigated. From the target-mass dependence of the production cross
sections no evidence for the expected change of the dominant reaction mechanism
from two-step to direct kaon production was found. At T=1.0 GeV the A
dependences of the total cross sections and of the most recent data from
COSY-Juelich, differential cross sections measured under forward angles, are
strongly different. The invariant K+ production cross sections show an overall
exponential scaling behavior with the squared four-momentum transfer between
the beam proton and the produced K+ meson for t< -0.05 GeV^2 independent of the
beam energy and emission angle. The data from COSY-Juelich reveal a strongly
different t dependence in the region of t>0 GeV^2. Further data at forward
angles and different beam energies should be taken in order to explore this
region of kinematically extreme conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123383 </DOCNO>
Exact Expressions for the Critical Mach Numbers in the Two-Fluid Model


  The acceleration of relativistic particles due to repeated scattering across
a shock wave remains the most attractive model for the production of energetic
cosmic rays. This process has been analyzed extensively during the past two
decades using the ``two-fluid'' model of diffusive shock acceleration. It is
well known that 1, 2, or 3 distinct solutions for the flow structure can be
found depending on the upstream parameters. The precise nature of the critical
conditions delineating the number and character of shock transitions has
remained unclear, mainly due to the inappropriate choice of parameters used in
the determination of the upstream boundary conditions. We derive the exact
critical conditions by reformulating the upstream boundary conditions in terms
of two individual Mach numbers defined with respect to the cosmic-ray and gas
sound speeds, respectively. The gas and cosmic-ray adiabatic indices are
assumed to remain constant throughout the flow, although they may have
arbitrary, independent values. Our results provide for the first time a
complete, analytical classification of the parameter space of shock transitions
in the two-fluid model. When multiple solutions are possible, we propose using
the associated entropy distributions as a means for indentifying the most
stable configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125752 </DOCNO>
The stellar content of the super star clusters in NGC 1569


  We discuss HST FOS ultraviolet spectroscopy and NICMOS near-infrared
photometry of four young super star clusters in the central region of the
irregular starburst galaxy NGC 1569. The new observations coupled with previous
HST WFPC2 photometry and ground-based optical spectroscopy allow us to isolate
and age-date the hot and cool stellar components of these massive clusters. We
analyze the two components A1 and A2 of the brightest super star cluster NGC
1569-A. This cluster received previous attention due to the simultaneous
presence of Wolf-Rayet stars and red supergiants. The FOS spectra provide the
first evidence for O-stars in NGC 1569-A, indicating a young (5 Myr) stellar
component in A1 and/or A2. Comparison with other high-mass star-forming regions
suggests that the O- and Wolf-Rayet stars are spatially coincident. If so,
cluster A2 could be the host of the very young O- and Wolf-Rayet population,
and the somewhat older red supergiants could be predominantly located in A1.
The mass-to-light ratio of NGC 1569-A1 is analyzed in five optical and infrared
photometric bands and compared to evolutionary synthesis models. No indications
for an anomalous initial mass function are found, consistent with a scenario
where this cluster is the progenitor of present-day globular clusters. The
clusters A1 and A2 are compared to clusters B and #30. The latter two clusters
are older and fully dominated by red supergiants. All four super star clusters
provide a significant fraction (20 - 25%) of the total optical and
near-infrared light in the central region of the galaxy. The photometric
properties of the super star cluster population in NGC 1569 resemble those of
the populous clusters in the Magellanic Clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127074 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Steady State Cosmology


  A brief historical account of modern cosmology shows that the standard big
bang (BB) model, believed by so many, does not have the strong observational
foundations that are frequently claimed for it. The theory of the Quasi-Steady
State Cosmology (QSSC) and explosive cosmogony is outlined. Comparisons are
made between the two theories in explaining the observed properties of the
universe, namely, the expansion, chemical composition, CMB, QSO redshifts and
explosive events, galaxy formation, and the m-z and theta-z relations. Only two
of the observed properties have ever been predicted from the theories (a) the
expansion predicted from Einstein's theory by Friedmann and Lemaitre, and (b)
the acceleration predicted by the classical steady state theory and the QSSC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149551 </DOCNO>
About an Alternative Vacuum State for Perturbative QCD


  A particular initial state for the construction of a perturbative QCD
expansion is investigated. It is formed as a coherent superposition of zero
momentum gluon pairs and shows Lorentz as well as global $SU(3)$ symmetries.
The general form of the Wick theorem is discussed, and it follows that the
gluon and ghost propagators determined by the proposed vacuum state, coincides
with the ones used in an alternative of the usual perturbation theory proposed
in a previous work, and reviewed here. Therefore, the ability of such a
procedure of producing a finite gluon condensation parameter already in the
first orders of perturbation theory is naturally explained. It also follows
that this state satisfies the physicality condition of the BRST procedure in
its Kugo and Ojima formulation. A brief review of the canonical quantization
for gauge fields, developed by Kugo and Ojima, is done and the value of the
gauge parameter $\alpha$ is fixed to $\alpha=1$ where the procedure is greatly
simplified. Therefore, after assuming that the adiabatic connection of the
interaction does not take out the state from the interacting physical space,
the predictions of the perturbation expansion for the physical quantities, at
the value $\alpha=1$, should have meaning. The validity of this conclusion
solves the gauge dependence indeterminacy remained in the proposed perturbation
expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 216 </DOCNO>
Superfluid-spiral state of quantum ferrimagnets in magnetic field


  We study the phase diagram of one-dimensional quantum ferrimagnets by using a
numerical exact diagonalization of a finite size system along with a
field-theoretical non-linear $\sigma$ model of the quantum ferrimagnets at zero
temperature and its effective description in the presence of the external
magnetic field in terms of the quantum XY-model. The low- and the high-field
phases correspond respectively to the classical N\'eel and the fully polarized
ferromagnetic states where in the intermediate magnetic field ($h_{c1} < h <
h_{c2}$), it is an XXZ+h model with easy plane anisotropy, which possess the
spiral (superfluid) states that carry the dissipationless spin-supercurrent. We
derive the critical exponents, and then will study the stability of the XY
spiral state against these spin-supercurrents and the hard axis fluctuations.
We will show a first order phase transition from the easy plane spiral state to
a saturated ferromagnetic state occurs at $h=h_{c2}$ if the spin-supercurrent
reaches to its critical value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127489 </DOCNO>
Detection, photometry and slitless radial velocities of 535 planetary


  We have detected 535 planetary nebulae (PNs) in NGC 4697, using the classic
on-band, off-band filter technique with the Focal Reducer and Spectrograph
(FORS) at the Cassegrain focus of the first 8-meter telescope unit of the ESO
Very Large Telescope. From our photometry we have built the [O III] 5007
planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) of NGC 4697. It indicates a
distance of 10.5 Mpc, substantially smaller than a previous estimate of 24 Mpc
used in earlier dynamical studies. The PNLF also provides an estimate of the
specific PN formation rate. Combining the information from on-band images with
PN positions on dispersed, slitless grism images, we have obtained radial
velocities for 531 of the 535 PNs. They provide kinematic information up to a
distance of almost three effective radii from the nucleus. Some rotation is
detected in the outer regions, but the rotation curve of this galaxy appears to
drop beyond one effective radius. Assuming an isotropic velocity distribution,
the velocity dispersion profile is consistent with no dark matter within three
effective radii of the nucleus (however, some dark matter can be present if the
velocity distribution is anisotropic). We obtain a blue mass-to-light ratio of
11. Earlier M/L ratios for NGC 4697 were too small, because of the too large
distance used for their derivation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87188 </DOCNO>
Virtual black hole phenomenology from 2d dilaton theories


  Equipped with the tools of (spherically reduced) dilaton gravity in first
order formulation and with the results for the lowest order S-matrix for s-wave
gravitational scattering (P. Fischer, D. Grumiller, W. Kummer, and D.
Vassilevich, gr-qc/0105034) new properties of the ensuing cross-section are
discussed. We find CPT invariance, despite of the non-local nature of our
effective theory and discover pseudo-self-similarity in its kinematic sector.
  After presenting the Carter-Penrose diagram for the corresponding virtual
black hole geometry we encounter distributional contributions to its
Ricci-scalar and a vanishing Einstein-Hilbert action for that configuration.
Finally, a comparison is done between our (Minkowskian) virtual black hole and
Hawking's (Euclidean) virtual black hole bubbles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128967 </DOCNO>
Ram Pressure and Anomalous Shell Formation in HoII


  Neutral hydrogen VLA D-array observations of the dwarf irregular galaxy HoII,
a prototype galaxy for studies of shell formation, are presented. The
large-scale HI morphology is reminiscent of ram pressure and is unlikely caused
by interactions. A case is made for intragroup gas in poor and compact groups
like the M81 group, to which HoII belongs. Numerous shortcomings of the
supernova explosions and stellar winds scenario to create the shells in HoII
are highlighted, and it is suggested that ram pressure may be able to reconcile
the observations available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7611 </DOCNO>
How storing supply and demand affects price diffusion


  The limit order book is a device for storing supply and demand in financial
markets, somewhat like a capacitor is a device for storing charge. We develop a
microscopic statistical model of the limit order book under random order flow,
using simulation, dimensional analysis, and an analytic treatment based on a
master equation. We make testable predictions of the price diffusion rate, the
depth of stored demand vs. price, the bid-ask spread, and the price impact
function, and show that even under completely random order flow the process of
storing supply and demand induces anomalous diffusion and temporal structure in
prices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124926 </DOCNO>
Detection of Doppler Shifted X-ray Line Profiles from the Wind of Zeta


  We report on a 67 ks HETG observation of the optically brightest early
O-star, Zeta Pup (O4 f). Many resolved X-ray lines are seen in the spectra over
a wavelength range of 5 to 25 A. Chandra has sufficient spectral resolution to
study the velocity structure of isolated X-ray line profiles, and to
distinguish the individual forbidden, intercombination, and resonance (fir)
emission lines in several He-like ions even where the individual components are
strongly Doppler broadened. In contrast with X-ray line profiles in other hot
stars, Zeta Pup shows blue-shifted and skewed line profiles, providing the
clearest and most direct evidence that the X-ray sources are embedded in the
stellar wind. The broader the line, the greater the blueward centroid shift
tends to be. The N VII line at 24.78 A is a special case, showing a flat-topped
profile. This indicates it is formed in regions beyond most of the wind
attenuation. The sensitivity of the He-like ion fir lines to a strong UV
radiation field is used to derive the radial distances at which lines of S XV,
Si XIII, Mg XI, Ne IX, and O VII originate. The formation radii correspond well
with continuum optical depth unity at the wavelength of each line complex,
indicating that the X-ray line emission is distributed throughout the stellar
wind. However, the S XV emission lines form deeper in the wind than expected
from standard wind shock models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124737 </DOCNO>
Size-Mass-luminosity relations in AGN and the role of the accretion disc


  We address the question of the relations between the black hole's mass, the
accretion rate, the bolometric luminosity, the optical luminosity and the size
of the Broad Line Region (BLR) in Active Galactic Nuclei, using recent
observational data obtained from monitoring campaigns. We show that a standard
accretion disc cannot account for the observed optical luminosity, unless it
radiates at super-Eddington rates. This implies the existence of another,
dominant emission mechanism in the optical range, or a non standard disc (non
stationary, ADAF and/or strong outflows). Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies
(NLS1s) are most extreme in this context: they have larger bolometric to
Eddington luminosity ratios than Broad Line Seyfert 1 (BLS1s), and most likely
a larger "non disc" component in the optical range. From realistic simulations
of self-gravitating $\alpha$-discs, we have systematically localized the
gravitationally unstable disc and shown that, given uncertainties on both the
model and observations, it coincides quite well with the size of the BLR. We
therefore suggest that the gravitationally unstable disc is the source which
releases BLR clouds in the medium. However the influence of the ionization
parameter is also required to explain the correlation found between the size of
the BLR and the luminosity. In this picture the size of the BLR in NLS1s
(relative to the black hole size) is larger (and the emission line width
smaller) than in BLS1s simply because their Eddington ratio is larger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126493 </DOCNO>
How Cold Dark Matter Theory Explains Milgrom's Law


  Milgrom noticed the remarkable fact that the gravitational effect of dark
matter in galaxies only becomes important where accelerations are less than
about 10^{-8} cm s^{-2} ~ cH_0. This forms the basis for his Modified Newtonian
Dynamics (MOND), an alternative to particle dark matter. However, any
successful theory of galactic dynamics must account for Milgrom's Law. We show
how Milgrom's Law comes about in the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) theory of structure
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3053 </DOCNO>
Statistical theory of self-similar time series as a nonextensive


  Within Tsallis' nonextensive statistics, a model is elaborated to address
self-similar time series as a thermodynamic system. Thermodynamic-type
characteristics relevant to temperature, pressure, entropy, internal and free
energies are introduced and tested. Stability conditions of time series
analysis are discussed in details on the basis of Van der Waals model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126844 </DOCNO>
Modelling submillimetre spectra of the protostellar infall candidates


  We present a radiative transfer model, which is applicable to the study of
submillimetre spectral line observations of protostellar envelopes. The model
uses an exact, non-LTE, spherically symmetric radiative transfer `Stenholm'
method, which numerically solves the radiative transfer problem by the process
of `Lambda-iteration'. We also present submillimetre spectral line data of the
Class 0 protostars NGC1333-IRAS2 and Serpens SMM4. We examine the physical
constraints which can be used to limit the number and range of parameters used
in protostellar envelope models, and identify the turbulent velocity and tracer
molecule abundance as the principle sources of uncertainty in the radiative
transfer modelling. We explore the trends in the appearance of the predicted
line profiles as key parameters in the models are varied.
  We find that the separation of the two peaks of a typical infall profile is
dependent not on the evolutionary status of the collapsing protostar, but on
the turbulent velocity dispersion in the envelope. We also find that the line
shapes can be significantly altered by rotation.
  Fits are found for the observed line profiles of IRAS2 and SMM4 using
plausible infall model parameters. The density and velocity profiles in our
best fit models are inconsistent with a singular isothermal sphere model. We
find better agreement with a form of collapse which assumes non-static initial
conditions. We also find some evidence that the infall velocities are retarded
from free-fall towards the centre of the cloud, probably by rotation, and that
the envelope of SMM4 is rotationally flattened.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148839 </DOCNO>
Mirror Symmetry in 2+1 and 1+1 Dimensions


  We study the Coulomb-Higgs duality of N=2 supersymmetric Abelian Chern-Simons
theories in 2+1 dimensions, by compactifying dual pairs on a circle of radius R
and comparing the resulting N=(2,2) theories in 1+1 dimensions. Below the
compactification scale, the theory on the Higgs branch reduces to the
non-linear sigma model on a toric manifold. In the dual theory on the Coulomb
branch, the Kaluza-Klein modes generate an infinite tower of contributions to
the superpotential. After resummation, in the limit R->0 the superpotential
becomes that of the Landau-Ginzburg model which is the two-dimensional mirror
of the toric sigma model. We further examine the conjecture of all-scale
three-dimensional mirror symmetry and observe that it is consistent with mirror
symmetry in 1+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113921 </DOCNO>
Frequency Resolved Measurement of Longitudinal Impedances Using


  In this paper we present several techniques for characterizing longitudinal
impedances based on transient measurements of the growth rates and tune shifts
of unstable coupled-bunch modes. These techniques are applicable to measurement
of both fundamental and higher-order mode impedances and allow characterization
of shunt impedances and quality factors of the HOMs. Methods presented here are
complementary to lab bench measurements of RF cavities, in that the beam based
measurements directly sense the physical impedance in the installed
configuration. In contrast to a single-bunch integrated impedance measurement
these techniques resolve the impedances in the frequency domain. These methods
allow determination of the impedance's unaliased frequency by analyzing
synchronous phase transients. Experimental results from ALS and BESSY-II are
presented showing the use of these techniques to measure complex impedances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6020 </DOCNO>
Identifying Proteins of High Designability via Surface-Exposure Patterns


  Using an off-lattice model, we fully enumerate folded conformations of
polypeptide chains of up to N = 19 monomers. Structures are found to differ
markedly in designability, defined as the number of sequences with that
structure as a unique lowest-energy conformation. We find that designability is
closely correlated with the pattern of surface exposure of the folded
structure. For longer chains, complete enumeration of structures is
impractical. Instead, structures can be randomly sampled, and relative
designability estimated either from designability within the random sample, or
directly from surface-exposure pattern. We compare the surface-exposure
patterns of those structures identified as highly designable to the patterns of
naturally occurring proteins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126768 </DOCNO>
A Weakly Nonlinear Alfvenic Pulse in a Transversely Inhomogeneous Medium


  The interaction of a weakly nonlinear Alfv\'enic pulse with an Alfv\'en speed
inhomogeneity in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field is
investigated. Identically to the phase mixing experienced by a harmonic
Alfv\'en wave, sharp transverse gradients are generated in the pulse by the
inhomogeneity. In the initial stage of the evolution of an initially plane
Alfv\'enic pulse, the transverse gradients efficiently generate transversely
propagating fast magnetoacoustic waves. However, high resolution full MHD
numerical simulations of the developed stage of the pulse evolution show that
the generation saturates due to destructive wave interference. It is shown that
the weakly non-linear description of the generated fast magnetoacoustic wave is
well described by the driven wave equation proposed in Nakariakov, Roberts &
Murawski (1997), and a simple numerical code (2D MacCromack), which solves it
with minimal CPU resources produces identical results to those obtained from
the full MHD code ({\it Lare2d}, Arber et al. 2001). A parametric study of the
phenomenon is undertaken, showing that, contrary to one's expectations, steeper
inhomogenities of the Alfv\'en speed do not produce higher saturation levels of
the fast wave generation. There is a certain optimal gradient of the
inhomogeneity that ensures the maximal efficiency of the fast wave generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126858 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies as a Constraint to Galaxy


  Elliptical galaxies are the main contributors to the chemical enrichment of
the intracluster and intergalactic medium; understanding how they form and
evolve enables us to get important hints on the amounts of energy and processed
matter that they eject into the ICM/IGM. Recent pieces of observational
evidence point to a strong connection between high redshift quasars and their
host galaxies. The aim of this paper is to prove that the main aspects of the
chemical evolution of the spheroids can be reproduced in the framework of a
model where the shining of the quasar is intimately related to the formation of
the galactic nucleus. A key assumption is that the quasars shone in an inverted
order with respect to the hierarchical one (i.e., stars and black holes in
bigger dark halos formed before those in smaller ones) during an early episode
of vigorous star formation. This scenario closely resembles the so-called
`inverse wind' model invoked to explain the observed increase of the [Mg/Fe]
ratio in the nuclei of ellipticals with increasing the galactic mass, the only
difference being that now the time for the occurrence of a galactic wind is not
determined by the energy input from supernovae, but is indeed the energy
injected by the quasar which regulates the onset of the wind phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74526 </DOCNO>
Disoriented chiral condensate in presence of dissipation and noise


  We have investigated the phase transition and disoriented chiral condensate
domain formation in linear sigma model. Solving the Langevin equation for the
linear $\sigma$ model, we have shown that for zero mass pions the fields
undergo phase transition above a certain temperature ($T_c$). For finite mass
pions, there is no phase transition. It was also shown that when the fields,
thermalised at temperature above $T_c$ are cooled down sufficiently rapidly,
disoriented chiral condensate domains are formed quite late in the evolution,
if the pions are assumed to be mass less. For massive pions, no large DCC
domain is formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83657 </DOCNO>
Multi-Channel Parallel Adaptation Theory for Rule Discovery


  In this paper, we introduce a new machine learning theory based on
multi-channel parallel adaptation for rule discovery. This theory is
distinguished from the familiar parallel-distributed adaptation theory of
neural networks in terms of channel-based convergence to the target rules. We
show how to realize this theory in a learning system named CFRule. CFRule is a
parallel weight-based model, but it departs from traditional neural computing
in that its internal knowledge is comprehensible. Furthermore, when the model
converges upon training, each channel converges to a target rule. The model
adaptation rule is derived by multi-level parallel weight optimization based on
gradient descent. Since, however, gradient descent only guarantees local
optimization, a multi-channel regression-based optimization strategy is
developed to effectively deal with this problem. Formally, we prove that the
CFRule model can explicitly and precisely encode any given rule set. Also, we
prove a property related to asynchronous parallel convergence, which is a
critical element of the multi-channel parallel adaptation theory for rule
learning. Thanks to the quantizability nature of the CFRule model, rules can be
extracted completely and soundly via a threshold-based mechanism. Finally, the
practical application of the theory is demonstrated in DNA promoter recognition
and hepatitis prognosis prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 418 </DOCNO>
Spatial interference of coherent atomic waves by manipulation of the


  A trapped 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate is initially put into a superposition
of two internal states. Under the effect of gravity and by means of a second
transition, we prepare two vertically displaced condensates in the same
internal state. These constitute two coherent sources of matter waves with
adjustable spatial separation. Fringe patterns, observed after free expansion,
are associated with the interplay between internal and external degrees of
freedom and substantially agree with those for a double slit experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7063 </DOCNO>
Phase Transitions in the Bilayer $\nu =2/3$ Quantum Hall Effect


  We measured the magnetoresistance of bilayer quantum Hall (QH) effects at the
fractional filling factor $\nu =2/3$ by changing the total electron density and
the density difference between two layers. Three different QH states were
separated by two types of phase transition: One is the spin transition and the
other is the pseudospin transition. In addition, two different hystereses were
detected, one of which is specific to bilayer systems. The phase transitions
and the hystereses are described well by a composite fermion model extended to
a bilayer system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6699 </DOCNO>
The Leontovich boundary conditions and calculation of effective


  We bring forward rather simple algorithm allowing us to calculate the
effective impedance of inhomogeneous metals in the frequency region where the
local Leontovich (the impedance) boundary conditions are justified. The
inhomogeneity is due to the properties of the metal or/and the surface
roughness. Our results are nonperturbative ones with respect to the
inhomogeneity amplitude. They are based on the recently obtained exact result
for the effective impedance of inhomogeneous metals with flat surfaces.
One-dimension surfaces inhomogeneities are examined. Particular attention is
paid to the influence of generated evanescent waves on the reflection
characteristics. We show that if the surface roughness is rather strong, the
element of the effective impedance tensor relating to the p- polarization state
is much greater than the input local impedance. As examples, we calculate: i)
the effective impedance for a flat surface with strongly nonhomogeneous
periodic strip-like local impedance; ii) the effective impedance associated
with one-dimensional lamellar grating. For the problem (i) we also present
equations for the forth lines of the Pointing vector in the vicinity of the
surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41124 </DOCNO>
New data and the hard pomeron


  New structure-function data are in excellent agreement with the existence of
a hard pomeron, with intercept about 1.4. It gives a very economical
description of the data. Having fixed 2 parameters from the data for the
real-photon cross section $\sigma^{\gamma p}$, we need just 5 further
parameters to fit the data for $F_2(x,Q^2)$ with $x\leq 0.001$. The available
data range from $Q^2=0.045$ to 35 GeV$^2$. With guesses consistent with
dimensional counting for the $x$ dependences of our three separate terms, the
fit extends well to larger $x$ and to $Q^2=5000$ GeV$^2$. With no additional
parameters, it gives a good description of data for the charm structure
function $F_2^c(x,Q^2)$ from $Q^2=0$ to 130 GeV$^2$. The two pomerons also give
a good description of both the $W$ and the $t$ dependence of $\gamma p\to
J/\psi p$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6167 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Velocity Fluctuation in Turbulence based on Generalized


  The numerical experiments of turbulence conducted by Gotoh et al. are
analyzed precisely with the help of the formulae for the scaling exponents of
velocity structure function and for the probability density function (PDF) of
velocity fluctuations. These formulae are derived by the present authors with
the multifractal aspect based on the statistics that are constructed on the
generalized measures of entropy, i.e., the extensive R\'{e}nyi's or the
non-extensive Tsallis' entropy. It is revealed that there exist two scaling
regions separated by a crossover length, i.e., a definite length approximately
of the order of the Taylor microscale. It indicates that the multifractal
distribution of singularities in velocity gradient in turbulent flow is robust
enough to produce scaling behaviors even for the phenomena out side the
inertial range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5783 </DOCNO>
Colourings of planar quasicrystals


  The investigation of colour symmetries for periodic and aperiodic systems
consists of two steps. The first concerns the computation of the possible
numbers of colours and is mainly combinatorial in nature. The second is
algebraic and determines the actual colour symmetry groups. Continuing previous
work, we present the results of the combinatorial part for planar patterns with
n-fold symmetry, where n=7,9,15,16,20,24. This completes the cases with values
of n such that Euler's totient function of n is less than or equal to eight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5281 </DOCNO>
Bloch Waves and Bloch Bands of Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical


  Bloch waves and Bloch band of Bose-Einstein Condensates in optical lattices
are studied. We provide further evidence for the loop structure in the Bloch
band, and compute the critical values of the mean-field interaction strength
for the Landau instability and the dynamical instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127208 </DOCNO>
Direct multi-wavelength limb-darkening measurements of three late-type


  We present direct measurements of the limb-darkened intensity profiles of the
late-type giant stars HR5299, HR7635, and HR8621 obtained with the Navy
Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI) at the Lowell Observatory. A triangle
of baselines with lengths of 18.9 m, 22.2 m, and 37.5 m was used. We utilized
squared visibility amplitudes beyond the first minimum, as well as triple
amplitudes and phases in up to 10 spectral channels covering a wavelength range
of ~650 nm to ~850 nm. We find that our data can best be described by
featureless symmetric limb-darkened disk models while uniform disk and fully
darkened disk models can be rejected. We derive high-precision angular
limb-darkened diameters for the three stars of 7.44 mas +/- 0.11 mas, 6.18 mas
+/- 0.07 mas, and 6.94 mas +/- 0.12 mas, respectively. Using the HIPPARCOS
parallaxes, we determine linear limb-darkened radii of 114 R$_\odot \pm $13
R$_\odot$, 56 R$_\odot \pm $4 R$_\odot$, and 98 R$_\odot \pm $9 R$_\odot$,
respectively. We compare our data to a grid of Kurucz stellar model
atmospheres, with them derive the effective temperatures and surface gravities
without additional information, and find agreement with independent estimates
derived from empirical calibrations and bolometric fluxes. This confirms the
consistency of model predictions and direct observations of the limb-darkening
effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95913 </DOCNO>
$L^p$ estimates for the biest II. The Fourier case


  We prove L^p estimates for the "biest", a trilinear multiplier with singular
symbol which arises naturally in the expansion of eigenfunctions of a
Schrodinger operator, and which is also related to the bilinear Hilbert
transform. In a previous paper these estimates were obtained for a simpler
Walsh model for this operator, but in the Fourier case additional complications
arise due to the inability to perfectly localize in both space and frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87162 </DOCNO>
New black holes in the brane-world?


  It is known that the Einstein field equations in five dimensions admit more
general spherically symmetric black holes on the brane than four-dimensional
general relativity. We propose two families of analytic solutions (with
g_tt\not=-1/g_rr), parameterized by the ADM mass and the PPN parameter beta,
which reduce to Schwarzschild for beta=1. Agreement with observations requires
|\beta-1| |\eta|<<1. The sign of eta plays a key role in the global causal
structure, separating metrics which behave like Schwarzschild (eta<0) from
those similar to Reissner-Nordstroem (eta>0). In the latter case, we find a
family of black hole space-times completely regular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124923 </DOCNO>
Properties of the Trans-Neptunian Belt: Statistics From the CFHT Survey


  We present the results of a wide-field survey designed to measure the size,
inclination, and radial distributions of Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs). The survey
found 86 KBOs in 73 square degrees observed to limiting red magnitude 23.7
using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and the 12k x 8k CCD Mosaic camera.
For the first time, both ecliptic and off-ecliptic fields were examined to more
accurately constrain the inclination distribution of the KBOs. The survey data
were processed using an automatic moving object detection algorithm, allowing a
careful characterization of the biases involved. In this work, we quantify
fundamental parameters of the Classical KBOs (CKBOs), the most numerous objects
found in our sample, using the new data and a maximum likelihood simulation.
Deriving results from our best-fit model, we find that the size distribution
follows a differential power law with exponent q = 4.0 (+0.6)(-0.5) (1 sigma,
or 68.27% confidence). In addition, the CKBOs inhabit a very thick disk
consistent with a Gaussian distribution of inclinations with a Half-Width of
i(1/2) = 20 (+6)(-4) deg (1 sigma). We estimate that there are N = 3.8
(+2.0)(-1.5) x 10^4 (1 sigma) CKBOs larger than 100 km in diameter. We also
find compelling evidence for an outer edge to the CKBOs at heliocentric
distance R = 50 AU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96456 </DOCNO>
New asymptotic bounds for self-dual codes and lattices


  We give an independent proof of the Krasikov-Litsyn bound d/n<~(1-5^{-1/4})/2
on doubly-even self-dual binary codes. The technique used (a refinement of the
Mallows-Odlyzko-Sloane approach) extends easily to other families of self-dual
codes, modular lattices, and quantum codes; in particular, we show that the
Krasikov-Litsyn bound applies to singly-even binary codes, and obtain an
analogous bound for unimodular lattices. We also show that in each case, our
bound differs from the true optimum by an amount growing faster than
O(n^{1/2}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125760 </DOCNO>
Hard X-ray properties of blazars


  We have considered all blazars observed in the X-ray band and for which the
slope of the X-ray spectrum is available. We have collected 421 spectra of 268
blazars, including 12 archival unpublished ASCA spectra of 7 blazars whose
analysisis presented here. The X-ray spectra of blazars show trends as a
function of their power, confirming that the blazar overall energy distribution
can be parameterized on the basis of one parameter only, i.e. the bolometric
luminosity. This is confirmed by the relatively new hard (2-10 keV) X-ray data.
Our results confirm the idea that in low power objects the X-ray emission
mechanism is the synchrotron process, dominating both the soft and the hard
X-ray emissions. Low energy peaked BL Lac objects are intermediate, often
showing harder spectra in the hard X-ray band, suggesting that the synchrotron
process dominates in the soft band, with the inverse Compton process dominating
at high energies. The most powerful objects have X-ray spectra that are flat
both in the soft and in the hard band, consistent with a dominating inverse
Compton component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86360 </DOCNO>
Obtention of a Gravitational Force from a Relativistic Solution to


  Working with the known equation of Binet, a mathematical expression was
obtained for the gravitational force produced by a gravitational field wich
source is spherically symetrical (Schwarzschild's space-time). Such expression
uses a redefinition of the classical reduced mass; in the limit case, can be
reduced to Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, and it is similar to some
other expressions obtained in recent years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6379 </DOCNO>
Dynamic renormalization group study of a generalized continuum model of


  We apply the Nozieres-Gallet dynamic renormalization group (RG) scheme to a
continuum equilibrium model of a d-dimensional surface relaxing by linear
surface tension and linear surface diffusion, and which is subject to a lattice
potential favoring discrete values of the height variable. The model thus
interpolates between the overdamped sine-Gordon model and a related continuum
model of crystalline tensionless surfaces. The RG flow predicts the existence
of an equilibrium roughening transition only for d = 2 dimensional surfaces,
between a flat low-temperature phase and a rough high-temperature phase in the
Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) universality class. The surface is always in the flat
phase for any other substrate dimensions d > 2. For any value of d, the linear
surface diffusion mechanism is an irrelevant perturbation of the linear surface
tension mechanism, but may induce long crossovers within which the scaling
properties of the linear molecular-beam epitaxy equation are observed, thus
increasing the value of the sine-Gordon roughening temperature. This phenomenon
originates in the non-linear lattice potential, and is seen to occur even in
the absence of a bare surface tension term. An important consequence of this is
that a crystalline tensionless surface is asymptotically described at high
temperatures by the EW universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128791 </DOCNO>
CN and HNC Line Emission in IR Luminous Galaxies


  We have observed HNC 1-0, CN 1-0 and 2-1 line emission in a sample of 13 IR
luminous (LIRGs, L_IR > 10E11 Lo) starburst and Seyfert galaxies. HNC 1-0 is
detected in 9, CN 1-0 is detected in 10 and CN 2-1 in 7 of the galaxies. We
also report the first detection of HC3N (10-9) emission in Arp220. The
excitation of HNC and CN emission requires densities n > 10E4 cm-3. We compare
their intensities to that of the usual high density tracer HCN. The
I(HCN)/I(HNC}) and I(HCN)/I(CN) 1-0 line intensity ratios vary significantly,
from 0.5 to >6, among the galaxies. This implies that the actual properties of
the dense gas is varying among galaxies who otherwise have similar I(CO)/I(HCN)
line intensity ratios. We suggest that the HNC emission is not a reliable
tracer of cold (10 K) gas at the center of LIRGs, as it often is in the disk of
the Milky Way. Instead, the HNC abundance may remain substantial, despite high
gas temperatures, because the emission is emerging from regions where the HCN
and HNC formation and destruction processes are dominated by ion-neutral
reactions which are not strongly dependent on kinetic temperature. We find five
galaxies (four AGNs and one starburst) where the I(HCN)/I(HNC) intensity ratio
is close to unity. In other AGNs, however, I(HCN)/I(HNC}) is >4. The CN
emission is on average a factor of two fainter than HCN, but the variation is
large and there seems to be a trend of reduced relative CN luminosity with
increasing IR luminosity. One galaxy, NGC3690, has a CN luminosity twice that
of HCN and its ISM is thus strongly affected by UV radiation. We discuss the
I(HCN)/I(HNC) and I(HCN)/I(CN) line ratios as indicators of starburst
evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125728 </DOCNO>
A near-solar metallicity damped Lyman-alpha system toward the BAL quasar


  We report the detection of a Broad Absorption Line (BAL) outflow in the
spectrum of Tol 1037-2703 with three main BALs at 36000, 25300 and 22300~\kms
outflow velocities. Although the overall flow is dominated by high ionization
lines like and C IV, the gas of highest velocity shows absorption from Mg I, Mg
II and Fe II. Covering factor arguments suggest that the absorbing complexes
are physically associated with the QSO and have transverse dimensions smaller
than that of the UV continuum emitting region (r<0.1 pc). We show that the C IV
absorption at \zabs=2.082 has a covering factor $\sim$ 0.86 and the absorption
profile has varied over the last four years. The detection of absorption from
excited fine structure levels of C II and Si II in narrow components embedded
in the C IV trough reveals large density inhomogeneities. IR pumping is the
most likely excitation process. The \zabs=2.139 system is a damped system with
log N(H I) ~ 19.7. The weakness of the metal lines together with the high
quality of the data make the metallicity measurements particularly reliable.
The absolute metallicity is close to solar with [Zn/H]=-0.26. The
$\alpha$-chain elements have metallicities consistently solar (respectively
+0.05, -0.02, -0.03 and -0.15 for [Mg/H], [Si/H], [P/H] and [S/H]) and iron
peak elements are depleted by a factor of about two ([Fe/Zn], [Cr/Zn], [Mn/Zn]
and [Ni/Zn] are equal to -0.39, -0.27, -0.49, -0.30). Lines from C I are
detected but H$_2$ is absent with a molecular fraction less than
8$\times10^{-6}$. High metallicity and low nitrogen abundance, [N/Zn]=-1.40,
favor the idea that metals have been released by massive stars during a
starburst of less than 0.5 Gyr of age. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2351 </DOCNO>
The noise properties of stochastic processes and entropy production


  Based on a Fokker-Planck description of external Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise and
cross-correlated noise processes driving a dynamical system we examine the
interplay of the properties of noise processes and the dissipative
characteristic of the dynamical system in the steady state entropy production
and flux. Our analysis is illustrated with appropriate examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41816 </DOCNO>
Hadronic structure of the photon at LEP


  Recent improvements in the analysis techniques and Monte Carlo models used in
the measurement of the hadronic structure function of the photon have lead to
much improved experimental results. Its low x behaviour was studied in various
Q^2 regions using LEP1 and LEP2 data, while its x dependence and Q^2 evolution
up to very high virtualities, as well as its charm component were studied using
the high energy and luminosity data of LEP2. These recent results will be
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128727 </DOCNO>
Dust Polarization From Starlight Data


  We present a statistical analysis of the interstellar medium (ISM)
polarization from the largest compilation available of starlight data, which
comprises ~ 5500 stars. The measured correlation between the mean polarization
degree and extinction indicates that ISM dust grains are not fully aligned with
the uniform component of the large-scale Galactic magnetic field. Moreover, we
estimate the ratio of the uniform to the random plane-of-the-sky components of
the magnetic field to be B_u/B_r = 0.8. From the analysis of starlight
polarization degree and position angle we find that the magnetic field broadly
follows Galactic structures on large-scales. On the other hand, the angular
power spectrum C_l of the polarization degree for Galactic plane data is found
to be consistent with a power-law, C_l ~ l^{-1.5} (where l = 180 deg/\theta is
the multipole order), for angular scales \theta > 10 arcmin. We argue that this
data set can be used to estimate diffuse polarized emission at microwave
frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75398 </DOCNO>
The structure of large logarithmic corrections at small transverse


  We consider the region of small transverse momenta in the production of
high-mass systems in hadronic collisions. By using the current knowledge on the
infrared behaviour of tree-level and one-loop QCD amplitudes at O(alpha_s^2),
we analytically compute the general form of the logarithmically-enhanced
contributions up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. By comparing
the results with q_T-resummation formulae we extract the coefficients that
control the resummation of the large logarithmic contributions for both quark
and gluon channels. Our results show that within the conventional resummation
formalism the Sudakov form factor is actually process-dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124343 </DOCNO>
A Morphological-type dependence in the mu_0-log(h) plane of Spiral


  We present observational evidence for a galaxy `Type' dependence to the
location of a spiral galaxy's disk parameters in the mu_0-log(h) (central disk
surface-brightness - disk scale-length) plane. With a sample of ~40 Low Surface
Brightness galaxies (both bulge- and disk-dominated) and ~80 High Surface
Brightness galaxies, the early-type disk galaxies (<=Sc) tend to define a
bright envelope in the mu_0-log(h) plane, while the late-type (>=Scd) spiral
galaxies have, in general, smaller and fainter disks. Below the defining
surface brightness threshold for a Low Surface Brightness galaxy (i.e. more
than 1 mag fainter than the 21.65 B-mag arcsec^(-2) Freeman value), the
early-type spiral galaxies have scale-lengths greater than 8-9 kpc, while the
late-type spiral galaxies have smaller scale-lengths. All galaxies have been
modelled with a seeing-convolved Sersic r^(1/n) bulge and exponential disk
model. We show that the trend of decreasing bulge shape parameter (n) with
increasing Hubble type and decreasing bulge-to-disk luminosity ratio, which has
been observed amongst the High Surface Brightness galaxies, extends to the Low
Surface Brightness galaxies, revealing a continuous range of structural
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125402 </DOCNO>
A convection zone dynamo including the effects of magnetic buoyancy and


  A magnetic flux tube may be considered both as a separate body and as a
confined field. As a field, it is affected both by the cyclonic convection
($\alpha$-effect) and differential rotation ($\Omega$-effect). As a body, the
tube experiences not only a buoyant force, but also a dynamic pressure due to
downflows above the tube. When these two dynamic effects are incorporated into
the $\alpha\Omega$ dynamo equations, we obtain a dynamo operating in the
convection zone. We analyze and solve the extended dynamo equations in the
linear approximation by using observed solar internal rotation and assuming a
downflow suggested by numerical simulations of the solar convection zone. The
results produce: (i) the 22-year cycle period; (ii) the extended butterfly
diagram; (iii) the confinement of strong activity to low heliographic latitudes
$|\Phi|\le 35^\circ$; (iv) at low latitudes the radial field is in an
approximately $\pi$ phase lag compared to the toroidal field at the same
latitude; (v) the poleward branch is in a $\pi/2$ phase lag with respect to the
equatorward branch; (vi) most of the magnetic flux is present in a strongly
intermittent form, concentraed into strong flux tubes; (vii) the magnetic field
peaks at a depth of $r=0.96 R_{\sun}$; (viii) total solar irradiance varies in
phase with the solar cycle activity, having an amplitude of 0.1%; (ix) solar
effective temperature varies in phase with the solar cycle activity, having an
amplitude of 1.5 $^\circ C$; and (x) solar radius also varies in phase with the
solar cycle activity, having an amplitude of 20 mas. All these results are in
agreement with the corresponding observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129038 </DOCNO>
Mid-Infrared Detection of a Hot Molecular Core in G29.96-0.02


  We present high angular resolution (~0.5") 10 and 18 micron images of the
region around G29.96-0.02 taken from the Gemini North 8-m telescope using the
mid-infrared imager and spectrometer OSCIR. These observations were centered on
the location of a group of water masers, which delineate the site of a hot
molecular core believed to contain an extremely young, massive star. We report
here the direct detection of a hot molecular core at mid-infrared wavelengths
at this location. The size and extent of the core at 18 microns appears to be
very similar to the morphology as seen in integrated NH3 maps. However, our
observations indicate that the mid-infrared emission may not be exactly
coincident with the NH3 emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113424 </DOCNO>
On Some General Physical Aspects of the Real Physical Space and Time


  The paper discusses some aspects of real physical space and time: structure
of electrodynamics; structure of gravitational-inert theory in the real world;
formation of the real matter; Mach's principle and the radiational cosmic mass;
spread and transmission of information in the space of the real world;
fundamental and main physical constants, protostar or 3+1-dimensional matter;
and some philosophical and general physical approaches to solutions of physical
problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74205 </DOCNO>
$dm/d\mu$ in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model


  Using the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model we study responses of the pion and
kaon masses to changes in the chemical potential, $dm/d\mu$, at zero and finite
chemical potential. We find that the behavior of $dm/d\mu$ for the pion is
quite different from that for the kaon. Our results can give a clue for future
studies of $dm/d\mu$ on the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85711 </DOCNO>
Complete null data for a black hole collision


  We discuss a sequence of numerically constructed geometries describing binary
black hole event horizons -- providing the necessary input for characteristic
evolution of the exterior spacetime. Our sequence approaches a single
Schwarzschild horizon as one limiting case and also includes cases where the
horizon's crossover surface is not hidden by a marginally anti-trapped surface
(MATS).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128774 </DOCNO>
The Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 1048.1-5937: Phase resolved spectroscopy


  We report on an observation of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 1048.1-5937
performed with the XMM-Newton satellite. The phase averaged spectrum of 1E
1048.1-5937 is well described by the sum of a power law with photon index ~2.9
and a blackbody with temperature ~0.6 keV, without evidence for significant
absorption or emission lines. The above spectral parameters do not vary during
the phases corresponding to the broad pulse, while the off pulse emission shows
a different spectrum characterized by a soft excess at energies below ~1.5 keV.
The XMM-Newton observation and a re-analysis of archival BeppoSAX data, show
that the spectral parameters and flux of 1E 1048.1-5937 did not change
significantly during observations spanning the last four years. All the data
are consistent with a 2-10 keV luminosity varying in the range ~(5-7) 10^33
erg/s (for a distance of 3 kpc).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125836 </DOCNO>
Star formation time-scales in the nearby, prototype starburst galaxy M82


  The last tidal encounter between M82 and M81, some 500 Myr ago, had a major
impact on what was probably an otherwise normal, quiescent disc galaxy. It
caused a concentrated burst of star formation in the form of massive star
clusters, which decreased rapidly, within a few 100 Myr. The current starburst
in the centre of the galaxy is likely either due to large-scale propagating
star formation or possibly related to late infall of tidally disrupted debris
from M82 itself. It may, in fact, be a combination of these two mechanisms, in
the sense that the star formation in the active core is actually propagating,
while the overall evolution of the starburst is due to tidal debris raining
back onto the disc of the galaxy, causing the present-day starburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124953 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts - When Theory Meets Observations


  Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the brightest objects observed. They are also the
most relativistic objects known so far. GRBs occur when an ultrarelativisitic
ejecta is slowed down by internal shocks within the flow. Relativistic
particles accelerated within these shocks emit the observed gamma-rays by a
combination of synchrotron and inverse Compton emission. External shocks with
the circumstellar matter slow down further the ejecta and produce the
afterglow, which lasts for months. Comparison of the predictions of this
fireball model with observations confirm a relativistic macroscopic motion with
a Lorentz factor of $\Gamma \ge 100$. Breaks in the light curves of the
afterglow indicate that GRBs are beamed with typical opening angles of a few
degrees. The temporal variability of the gamma-rays signal provide us with the
best indirect evidence on the nature of the ``internal engine'' that powers the
GRBs and accelerates the relativistic ejecta, suggesting accretion of a massive
disk onto a newborn black hole: GRBs are the birth cries of these black holes.
Two of the most promising models: Neutron Star Mergers and Collapars lead
naturally to this scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129330 </DOCNO>
Neutrino production in a time-dependent matter background


  We show that neutrinos can be produced through standard electroweak
interactions in matter with time-dependent density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124434 </DOCNO>
The Globular Cluster System of NGC 1316 (Fornax A)


  We have studied the Globular Cluster System of the merger galaxy NGC 1316 in
Fornax, using CCD BVI photometry. A clear bimodality is not detected from the
broadband colours. However, dividing the sample into red (presumably metal-
rich) and blue (metal-poor) subpopulations at B-I=1.75, we find that they
follow strikingly different angular distributions. The red clusters show a
strong correlation with the galaxy elongation, but the blue ones are circularly
distributed. No systematic difference is seen in their radial profile and both
are equally concentrated.
  We derive an astonishingly low Specific Frequency for NGC 1316 of only
Sn=0.9, which confirms with a larger field a previous finding by Grillmair et
al. (1999). Assuming a "normal" Sn of ~4 for early-type galaxies, we use
stellar population synthesis models to estimate in 2 Gyr the age of this
galaxy, if an intermediate-age population were to explain the low Sn we
observe. This value agrees with the luminosity-weighted mean age of NGC 1316
derived by Kuntschner & Davies (1998) and Mackie & Fabbiano (1998).
  By fitting t5 functions to the Globular Cluster Luminosity Function (GCLF),
we derived the following turnover magnitudes: B=24.69 +/- 0.15, V=23.87 +/-
0.20 and I=22.72 +/- 0.14. They confirm that NGC 1316, in spite of its outlying
location, is at the same distance as the core of the Fornax cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83953 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to Formal Language Theory by Kolmogorov Complexity


  We present a new approach to formal language theory using Kolmogorov
complexity. The main results presented here are an alternative for pumping
lemma(s), a new characterization for regular languages, and a new method to
separate deterministic context-free languages and nondeterministic context-free
languages. The use of the new `incompressibility arguments' is illustrated by
many examples. The approach is also successful at the high end of the Chomsky
hierarchy since one can quantify nonrecursiveness in terms of Kolmogorov
complexity. (This is a preliminary uncorrected version. The final version is
the one published in SIAM J. Comput., 24:2(1995), 398-410.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98128 </DOCNO>
Creation and annihilation operators and coherent states for the


  We construct two commuting sets of creation and annihilation operators for
the PT-symmetric oscillator. We then build coherent states of the latter as
eigenstates of such annihilation operators by employing a modified version of
the normalization integral that is relevant to PT-symmetric systems. We show
that the coherent states are normalizable only in the range (0, 1) of the
underlying coupling parameter $\alpha$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129111 </DOCNO>
The Impact of Massive Stars on the Formation of Young Stellar Clusters


  Massive OB stars play an important role in the evolution of molecular clouds
and star forming regions. The OB stars both photo--ionize molecular gas as well
as sweep up and compress interstellar gas through winds, ionization fronts, and
supernovae. In this contribution, we examine the effect massive stars have on
the formation of young stellar clusters. We first discuss the processes by
which OB stars destroy cluster--forming molecular cores, and hence terminate
star formation. We overview observational evidence that OB stars forming in
young stellar clusters destroy their parental cores on a timescale of 0.1 Myr,
and we discuss some of the implications of this result. We then summarize
extensive observations of the NGC 281 molecular cloud complex, and present
evidence that two types of triggered star formation are occurring in this
complex. Our goal is to underscore the impact massive stars have on cluster
formation over distances ranging from 0.1 pc to 300 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87171 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional radiation collapse and cosmic censorship


  We study the occurrence of naked singularities in the spherically symmetric
collapse of radiation shells in a higher dimensional spacetime. The necessary
conditions for the formation of a naked singularity or a black hole are
obtained. The naked singularities are found to be strong in the Tipler's sense
and thus violating cosmic censorship conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114092 </DOCNO>
The Calculation of Matrix Elements in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics


  Employing a relativistic version of a hypervirial result, recurrence
relations for arbitrary non-diagonal radial hydrogenic matrix elements have
recently been obtained in Dirac relativistic quantum mechanics. In this
contribution honoring Professor L\"owdin, we report on a new relation we have
recently discovered between the matrix elements $<2| r^\lambda |1 >$ and
$<2|\beta r^\lambda |1>$---where $\beta$ is a Dirac matrix and the numbers
distiguish between different radial eigenstates--- that allow for a
simplification and hence for a more convenient way of expressing the recurrence
relations. We additionally derive another relation that can be employed for
simplifying two center matrix element calculations in relativistic atomic or
molecular calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127565 </DOCNO>
Using supercluster geometry as a cosmological probe


  We study the properties of superclusters detected in the Abell/ACO cluster
catalogue. We identify the superclusters utilizing the `friend-of-friend'
procedure, and then determine supercluster shapes by using the differential
geometry approach. We find that the dominant supercluster morphological feature
is filamentariness. We compare our Abell/ACO supercluster results with the
corresponding ones generated from two different CDM cosmological models in
order to investigate statistically which of the latter models best reproduces
the observational results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86299 </DOCNO>
Late-time evolution of a self-interacting scalar field in the spacetime


  We investigate the late-time tails of self-interacting (massive) scalar
fields in the spacetime of dilaton black hole. Following the no hair theorem we
examine the mechanism by which self-interacting scalar hair decay. We revealed
that the intermediate asymptotic behavior of the considered field perturbations
is dominated by an oscillatory inverse power-law decaying tail. The numerical
simulations showed that at the very late-time massive self-interacting scalar
hair decayed slower than any power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129702 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Shear with Keck: Systematic Effects


  Cosmic shear probes the distribution of dark matter via gravitational lensing
of distant, background galaxies. We describe our cosmic shear survey consisting
of deep blank fields observed with the Keck II telescope. We have found biases
in the standard weak lensing analysis, which are enhanced by the elongated
geometry of the Keck fields. We show how these biases can be diagnosed and
corrected by masking edges and chip defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6662 </DOCNO>
A Duality Between Stripe Order and Superconductivity in High $T_c$


  For the $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ family of high-transition temperature
superconductors the stripe order parameter is a low-energy collective freedom.
We find an amazing duality between superconductivity and stripe order in an
effective theory including both. An interesting consequence of this duality is
the presence of stripe order near a superconducting vortex, and the presence of
superconductivity near a stripe dislocation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96172 </DOCNO>
Regularity of invariant distributions


  We consider a geometrically finite discrete group of conformal
transformations of the sphere. Further we consider distributions which are
supported on the limit set and are invariant with conformal weight. We estimate
their regularity in terms of the conformal weight, the Hausdorff dimension of
the limit set, and the maximal rank of the cusps of the group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73063 </DOCNO>
Event-by-event analysis of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions in


  The method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is applied for
ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The SPH method has several advantages
in studying event-by-event fluctuations, which attract much attention in
looking for quark gluon plasma (QGP) formation, because it gives a rather
simple scheme for solving hydrodynamical equations. Using initial conditions
for Au+Au collisions at RHIC energy produced by NeXus event generator, we solve
the hydrodynamical equation in event-by-event basis and study the fluctuations
of hadronic observables such as dN/dy due to the initial conditions. In
particular, fluctuations of elliptic flow coefficient v2 is investigated for
both the cases, with and without QGP formation. This can be used as an
additional test of QGP formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81323 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a BKT transition and a pseudogap phase in three-dimensional


  We present results from Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional
Gross-Neveu model with a U(1) chiral symmetry at nonzero temperature. We
provide evidence that the model undergoes a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless
transition in accordance with the dimensional reduction scenario. We also
identify a regime in the high temperature phase in which the fermions acquire
nonzero dynamical mass, analogous to the pseudogap behaviour observed in
cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113970 </DOCNO>
Optical decay from a Fabry-Perot cavity faster than the decay time


  The dynamical response of an optical Fabry-Perot cavity is investigated
experimentally. We observe oscillations in the transmitted and reflected light
intensity if the frequency of the incoupled light field is rapidly changed. In
addition, the decay of a cavity-stored light field is accelerated if the phase
and intensity of the incoupled light are switched in an appropriate way. The
theoretical model by M. J. Lawrence em et al, JOSA B 16, 523 (1999) agrees with
our observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81466 </DOCNO>
Domain-wall fermions and chiral symmetries


  We investigate chiral properties of the domain-wall fermion (DWF) system.
After a brief introduction for the DWF, we summarize the recent numerical
results on the chiral properties of the domain-wall QCD (DWQCD), which seem
mutually inconsistent. We next derive a formula which connects a chiral
symmetry breaking term in the five dimensional DWF Ward-Takahashi identity with
the four-dimensional hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator. Based on this formula, we
propose a solution, which resolves the inconsistency among recent numerical
data, and give a consistent picture of the chiral properties of the DWQCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81195 </DOCNO>
The strangeness content of the nucleon


  We evaluate the matrix element of $\bar{q} q$ in hadron states on a lattice.
We find substantial mixing of the connected and disconnected contributions so
that the lattice result that the disconnected contribution to the nucleon is
large does not imply that the $\bar{s} s$ content is large. This has
implications for dark matter searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98951 </DOCNO>
A unifying generalization of Sperner's theorem


  Sperner's bound on the size of an antichain in the lattice P(S) of subsets of
a finite set S has been generalized in three different directions: by Erdos to
subsets of P(S) in which chains contain at most r elements; by Meshalkin to
certain classes of compositions of S; by Griggs, Stahl, and Trotter through
replacing the antichains by certain sets of pairs of disjoint elements of P(S).
We unify Erdos's, Meshalkin's, and Griggs-Stahl-Trotter's inequalities with a
common generalization. We similarly unify their accompanying LYM inequalities.
Our bounds do not in general appear to be the best possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96754 </DOCNO>
Recursion Relation of Hyperelliptic Psi-Functions of Genus Two


  A recursion relation of hyperelliptic $\psi$ functions of genus two, which
was derived by Cantor D.G. Cantor
 (J. reine angew. Math. {\bf 447} (1994) 91-145), is studied. As Cantor's
approach is not intuitive, another derivation is presented as a natural
extension of the derivation of the recursion relation of the elliptic $\psi$
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73554 </DOCNO>
Matter-induced vertices for photon splitting in a weakly magnetized


  We evaluate the three-photon vertex functions at order $B$ and $B^{2}$ in a
weak constant magnetic field at finite temperature and density with on shell
external lines. Their application to the study of the photon splitting process
leads to consider high energy photons whose dispersion relations are not
changed significantly by the plasma effects. The absorption coefficient is
computed and compared with the perturbative vacuum result. For the values of
temperature and density of some astrophysical objects with a weak magnetic
field, the matter effects are negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6945 </DOCNO>
Scaling of Coulomb pseudo-potential in s-wave narrow-band


  The Coulomb pseudo-potential $\mu^*$ is extracted by fitting the numerically
calculated transition temperature $T_c$ of the Eliashberg-Nambu equation which
is extended to incorporate the narrow-band effects, that is, the vertex
correction and the frequency dependence of the screened Coulomb interaction. It
is shown that even for narrow-band superconductors, where the fermi energy $
\epsilon_F$ is comparable with the phonon frequency $ \omega_{ph}$, the Coulomb
pseudo-potential is a pertinent parameter, and is still given by $\mu^* =
\mu/[1+\mu \ln(\epsilon_F/\omega_{ph})] $, provided $\omega_{ph}$ is
appropriately scaled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168755 </DOCNO>
Atomic Retrodiction


  Measurement of a quantum system provides information concerning the state in
which it was prepared. In this paper we show how the retrodictive formalism can
be used to evaluate the probability associated with any one of a given set of
preparation events. We illustrate our method by calculating the retrodictive
density operator for a two-level atom coupled to the electromagnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169194 </DOCNO>
Worst-case Payoffs in Quantum Battle of Sexes Game


  In quantum version of the Battle of Sexes game recently suggested by
Marinatto and Weber [Phys. Lett. A 272, 291 (2000)] the worst-case payoffs
occur when `tactics' are mismatched for a particular initial quantum state or
`initial strategy' in the scheme. We show that when a more general initial
quantum state is used in this scheme the worst-case payoffs do not occur even
for mismatched tactics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97166 </DOCNO>
A remark on the genus of the infinite quaternionic projective space


  It is shown that only countably many spaces in the genus of $\hpinfty$, the
infinite quaternionic projective space, can admit essential maps from
$\cpinfty$, the infinite complex projective space. Examples of countably many
homotopically distinct spaces in the genus of $\hpinfty$ which admit essential
maps from $\cpinfty$ are constructed. These results strengthen a theorem of
McGibbon and Rector which states that among the uncountably many homotopy types
in its genus, $\hpinfty$ is the only one which admits a maximal torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81202 </DOCNO>
Determining hybrid content of heavy quarkonia using lattice


  Using lowest-order lattice NRQCD to create heavy meson propagators and
applying the spin-dependent interaction, $c_B^{}
\frac{-g}{2m_q}\vec\sigma\cdot\vec{B}$, at varying intermediate time slices, we
compute the off-diagonal matrix element of the Hamiltonian for the
quarkonium-hybrid two-state system. Diagonalizing this two-state Hamiltonian,
the admixture of hybrid ($|Q\bar{Q}g>$) in the ground state is found. We
present results from a set of quenched lattices with an interpolation in quark
mass to match the bottomonium spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126300 </DOCNO>
Far Infrared Spectroscopy of Normal Galaxies: Physical Conditions in the


  The most important cooling lines of the neutral interstellar medium (ISM) lie
in the far-infrared (FIR). We present measurements by the Infrared Space
Observatory Long Wavelength Spectrometer of seven lines from neutral and
ionized ISM of 60 normal, star-forming galaxies. The galaxy sample spans a
range in properties such as morphology, FIR colors (indicating dust
temperature), and FIR/Blue ratios (indicating star-formation activity and
optical depth). In two-thirds of the galaxies in this sample, the [CII] line is
proportional to FIR dust continuum. The other one-third show a smooth decline
in [CII]/FIR with increasing F60/F100 and FIR/B, spanning a range of a factor
of more than 50. Two galaxies, at the warm and active extreme of the range have
[CII]/FIR < 2 \times 10^{-4} (3-sigma upper limit). This is due to increased
positive grain charge in the warmer and more active galaxies, which leads to
less efficient heating by photoelectrons from dust grains. The ratio of the two
principal photodissociation region (PDR) cooling lines [CII]/[OI] shows a tight
correlation with F60/F100, indicating that both gas and dust temperatures
increase together. We derive a theoretical scaling between [NII] and [CII] from
ionized gas and use it to separate [CII] emission from neutral PDRs and ionized
gas. Comparison of PDR models of Kaufman et al. (1999) with observed ratios of
(a) [OI]/[CII] and ([CII]+[OI])/FIR and (b) [OI]/FIR and F60/F100 yields far-UV
flux G0 and gas density n. The derived G0 scales as n to the power 1.4. We
interpret this correlation as arising from Stromgren sphere scalings if much of
the line and continuum luminosity arises near star-forming regions. The
differences in G0 and n may be due to differences in the physical properties of
the star-forming clouds.(Short abstract)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124367 </DOCNO>
The Metamorphosis of Tidally Stirred Dwarf Galaxies


  We present results from high-resolution N-Body/SPH simulations of
rotationally supported dwarf irregular galaxies moving on bound orbits in the
massive dark matter halo of the Milky Way.The dwarf models span a range in disk
surface density and the masses and sizes of their dark halos are consistent
with the predictions of cold dark matter cosmogonies. We show that the strong
tidal field of the Milky Way determines severe mass loss in their halos and
disks and induces bar and bending instabilities that transform low surface
brightness dwarfs (LSBs) into dwarf spheroidals (dSphs) and high surface
brightness dwarfs (HSBs) into dwarf ellipticals (dEs) in less than 10 Gyr. The
final central velocity dispersions of the remnants are in the range 8-30 km/s
and their final $v/\sigma$ falls to values $< 0.5$, matching well the
kinematics of early-type dwarfs. The transformation requires the orbital time
of the dwarf to be $\simlt 3-4$ Gyr, which implies a halo as massive and
extended as predicted by hierarchical models of galaxy formation to explain the
origin of even the farthest dSph satellites of the Milky Way, Leo I and Leo II.
Only dwarfs with central dark matter densities as high as those of Draco and
Ursa Minor can survive for 10 Gyr in the proximity of the Milky Way: this is
naturally achieved within hierarchical models, where the densest objects should
have small orbital times due to their early formation epochs. Part of the gas
is stripped and part is funneled to the center due to the bar, generating one
strong burst of star formation in HSBs and smaller, multiple bursts in LSBs.
Extended low-surface brightness stellar and gaseous streams originate from LSBs
and, when projected along the line of sight, can lead to overestimate the
mass-to-light ratio of the bound remnant by a factor $\simlt 2$,

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81149 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Heavy Quarks on the Lattice


  Lattice QCD should allow quantitative predictions for the heavy quark physics
from first principles. Up to now, however, most approaches have based on the
nonrelativistic effective theory, with which the continuum limit can not be
taken in principle. In this paper we investigate feasibility of relativistic
approaches to the heavy quark physics in lattice QCD. We first examine validity
of the idea that the use of the anisotropic lattice could be advantageous to
control the $m_Q a$ corrections. Our perturbative calculation, however, reveals
that this is not true. We instead propose a new relativistic approach to handle
heavy quarks on the isotropic lattice. We explain how power corrections of $m_Q
a$ can be avoided and remaining uncertainties are reduced to be of order
$(a\Lambda_{QCD})^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179219 </DOCNO>
Comment on `Two-body random ensembles: from nuclear spectra to random


  In PRL 85, 3773 (2000) it was suggested to use random polynomials to analyze
and understand the properties of two-body random ensembles. In this comment we
point out that for the vibron model the random polynomial is not quadratic, but
has a more general form. We make a comparison for the percentage of ground
states with L=0 in the vibron model with random interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4008 </DOCNO>
Note on the Path-Integral Variational Approach in the Many-Body Theory


  I discuss how a variatonal approach can be extended to systems of identical
particles (in particular fermions) within the path-integral treatment. The
applicability of the many-body variational principle for path integrals is
illustrated for different model systems, and is shown to crucially depend on
whether or not a model system possesses the proper symmetry with respect to
permutations of identical particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150207 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of higher order Chern-Simons


  We consider models involving the higher (third) derivative extension of the
abelian Chern-Simons (CS) topological term in D=2+1 dimensions. The
polarisation vectors in these models reveal an identical structure with the
corresponding expressions for usual models which contain, at most, quadratic
structures. We also investigate the Hamiltonian structure of these models and
show how Wigner's little group acts as gauge generator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124360 </DOCNO>
Precipitating Condensation Clouds in Substellar Atmospheres


  We present a method to calculate vertical profiles of particle size
distributions in condensation clouds of giant planets and brown dwarfs. The
method assumes a balance between turbulent diffusion and sedimentation in
horizontally uniform cloud decks. Calculations for the Jovian ammonia cloud are
compared with results from previous methods. An adjustable parameter describing
the efficiency of sedimentation allows the new model to span the range of
predictions made by previous models. Calculations for the Jovian ammonia cloud
are consistent with observations. Example calculations are provided for water,
silicate, and iron clouds on brown dwarfs and on a cool extrasolar giant
planet. We find that precipitating cloud decks naturally account for the
characteristic trends seen in the spectra and colors of L- and T-type ultracool
dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6207 </DOCNO>
Combining quantum and classical density functional theory for


  We combine techniques from quantum and from classical density functional
theory (DFT) to describe electron-ion mixtures. For homogeneous systems, we
show how to calculate ion-ion and ion-electron correlation functions within
Chihara's quantum hypernetted chain approximation, which we derive within a DFT
formulation. We also sketch out how to apply the DFT formulation to
inhomogeneous electron-ion mixtures, and use this to study the electron
distribution at the liquid-solid interface of Al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86255 </DOCNO>
Decoherence of gauge-invariant metric fluctuations during inflation


  I study the gauge-invariant fluctuations of the metric during inflation. In
the infrared sector the metric fluctuations can be represented by a
coarse-grained field. We can write a Schroedinger equation for the
coarse-grained metric fluctuations which is related to an effective Hamiltonian
for a time dependent parameter of mass harmonic oscillator with a stochastic
external force. I study the wave function for a power-law expanding universe. I
find that the phase space of the quantum state for super Hubble scalar metric
perturbations loses its coherence at the end of inflation. This effect is a
consequence of interference between the super Hubble metric perturbations and
its canonical conjugate variable, which is produced by the interaction of the
coarse-grained scalar metric fluctuation with the environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124481 </DOCNO>
Evidence For and Against Collimation of Gamma Ray Bursts


  The degree to which gamma ray bursts are collimated is now the dominant
uncertainty in their energy requirements and event rates. In this review I
begin with the reasons for studying GRB collimation, then discuss existing
tests for collimation and their applications to date, and finally outline some
possible future tests. The most important conclusions are that (1) mean
collimation angles much tighter than 1 degree appear ruled out; (2) the
collimation angle appears to vary from burst to burst (like most other GRB
properties). Some alternative explanations of apparent collimation signatures
remain, but it should be possible to distinguish them from true collimation
with future data sets and may be possible already. New satellites, improved
followup observations, and new tests for collimation all promise continued
rapid progress in coming years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72954 </DOCNO>
Parity-Violating Electron Scattering and Neucleon Structure


  The measurement of parity violation in the helicity dependence of
electron-nucleon scattering provides unique information about the basic quark
structure of the nucleons. In this review, the general formalism of
parity-violating electron scattering is presented, with emphasis on elastic
electron-nucleon scattering. The physics issues addressed by such experiments
is discussed, and the major goals of the presently envisioned experimental
program are identified. %General aspects of the experimental technique are
reviewed and A summary of results from a recent series of experiments is
presented and the future prospects of this program are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179752 </DOCNO>
A microscopic framework for dynamical supersymmetry in nuclei


  We discuss and explore new aspects of the generalized Dyson mapping of
nuclear collective superalgebras composed of an arbitrary fermion-pair algebra
and a set of single-fermion creation/annihilation operators. It is shown that a
direct consequence of the particular mapping procedure is the conservation of
the total number of ideal particles in the resulting boson-fermion system. This
provides a microscopic framework for the phenomenological supersymmetric models
based on the U(6/2Omega) dynamical superalgebras. Attention is paid to the
mapping of single-fermion creation and annihilation operators whose detailed
form cannot be determined on the phenomenological level. We derive the general
expansion of the single-fermion images that result from the similarity
transformation employed to ensure non-redundant bosonisation in the ideal
space. The method is then illustrated in an application to the SO(4) collective
algebra, a natural extension of the SU(2) seniority model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149797 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition in Gauge Theories and the Planck Scale Physics


  The present paper is based on the modified part of the review "Random
Dynamics and Multiple Point Model" by L.V.Laperashvili, H.B.Nielsen,
D.A.Ryzhikh and N.Stillits, in preparation for publication in Russian, which
contains the results of our joint activity with H.B.Nielsen concerning the
investigations of phase transitions in gauge theories. In this review we have
presented the main ideas of the Nielsen's Random Dynamics (RD) and his
achievements (with co-authors) in the Anti-Grand Unification Theory (AGUT) and
Multiple Point Model (MPM). We have considered also the theory of Scale
Relativity (SR) by L.Nottale, which has a lot in common with RD: both theories
lead to the discreteness of our space-time, giving rise to the new description
of physics at very small distances. In this paper we have demonstrated the
possibility of [SU(5)]$^3$ SUSY unification with superparticles of masses
$M\approx 10^{18.3}$ GeV and calculated its critical point -- critical value of
the inverse finestucture constant -- at $\alpha_{5,crit}^{-1} =
\alpha_5^{-1}(\mu_{Pl})\approx 34.0$ (close to $\alpha_{GUT}^{-1}\approx 34.4$)
with a hope that such an unified theory approaches the (multi)critical point at
the Planck scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96705 </DOCNO>
Computational Experiments with Abs Algorithms for KKT Linear Systems


  The results of computational experiments with ABS algorithms for KKT linear
systems are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74910 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric corrections to Higgs decays and b-> s gamma for large tan


  If tan beta is large, supersymmetric QCD corrections can become large,
putting naive perturbation theory into doubt. I show how these
tan-beta-enhanced corrections can be controlled to all orders in alpha_s
tanbeta. The result is shown for the decays H^+ -> t b-bar and b -> s gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98408 </DOCNO>
Resolving 3-dimensional toric singularities


  This paper surveys, in the first place, some basic facts from the
classification theory of normal complex singularities, including details for
the low dimensions 2 and 3. Next, it describes how the toric singularities are
located within the class of rational singularities, and recalls their main
properties. Finally, it focuses, in particular, on a toric version of Reid's
desingularization strategy in dimension three

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125595 </DOCNO>
NICMOS imaging search for damped Lya galaxies


  We are engaged in a programme of imaging with the STIS and NICMOS (NIC2)
instruments aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), to search for the galaxy
counterparts of 18 high-redshift z>1.75 damped Lya absorption lines and 5
Lyman-limit systems seen in the spectra of 16 target quasars. This paper
presents the results of the imaging campaign with the NIC2 camera. We describe
the steps followed in reducing the data and combining in mosaics, and the
methods used for subtracting the image of the quasar in each field, and for
constructing error frames that include the systematic errors associated with
the psf subtraction. To identify candidate counterparts, that are either
compact or diffuse, we convolved the image and variance frames with circular
top-hat filters of diameter 0.45 and 0.90 arcsec respectively, to create frames
of summed S/N within the aperture. For each target quasar we provide catalogues
listing positions and aperture magnitudes of all sources within a square of
side 7.5 arcsec centred on the quasar, detected at S/N>6. We find a total of 41
candidates of which three have already been confirmed spectroscopically as the
counterparts. We provide the aperture magnitude detection limits as a function
of impact parameter, for both detection filters, for each field. The average
detection limit for compact (diffuse) sources is H(AB)=25.0 (24.4) at an
angular separation of 0.56 arcsec (0.79 arcsec) from the quasar, improving to
H(AB)=25.5 (24.8) at large angular separations. For the brighter sources we
have measured the half-light radius and the n parameter of the best-fit
deconvolved Sersic-law surface-brightness profile, and the ellipticity and
orientation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 799 </DOCNO>
Interband proximity effect and nodes of superconducting gap in Sr2RuO4


  The power-law temperature dependences of the specific heat, the nuclear
relaxation rate, and the thermal conductivity suggest the presence of line
nodes in the superconducting gap of Sr2RuO4. These recent experimental
observations contradict the scenario of a nodeless (k_x+ik_y)-type
superconducting order parameter. We propose that interaction of superconducting
order parameters on different sheets of the Fermi surface is a key to
understanding the above discrepancy. A full gap exists in the active band,
which drives the superconducting instability, while line nodes develop in
passive bands by interband proximity effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150059 </DOCNO>
Reduction of open membrane moduli


  We perform a general reduction of the open membrane metric in a worldvolume
direction of the M5-brane. Using reduction rules analogous to the bulk, we show
that the open membrane metric leads to the standard open string metric and open
string coupling constant on the D4-brane only for an ``electric'' reduction in
which case the open membrane metric has no off-diagonal components and the
Born-Infeld curvature tensor is a matrix of rank 2. Instead, if we perform a
general reduction, with nonzero off-diagonal components of the open membrane
metric, we obtain a rank 4 Born-Infeld tensor corresponding to a bound state of
an open string with an open D2--brane. Next, we identify and reduce a 3-form
open membrane ``noncommutativity'' tensor on the M5-brane. This open membrane
parameter only reduces to the open string noncommutativity tensor on the
D4-brane provided we constrain ourselves to an ``electric'' or a ``magnetic''
reduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4716 </DOCNO>
Broken unitarity and phase measurements in Aharonov-Bohm interferometers


  Aharonov-Bohm mesoscopic solid-state interferometers yield a conductance
which contains a term $\cos(\phi+\beta)$, where $\phi$ relates to the magnetic
flux. Experiments with a quantum dot on one of the interfering paths aim to
relate $\beta$ to the dot's intrinsic Friedel transmission phase, $\alpha_1$.
For closed systems, which conserve the electron current (unitarity), the
Onsager relation requires that $\beta=0$. For open systems, we show that
$\beta$ depends in general on the details of the broken unitarity. Although it
gives information on the resonances of the dot, $\beta$ is generally not equal
to $\alpha_1$. A direct relation between $\beta$ and $\alpha_1$ requires
specific ways of opening the system, which are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83586 </DOCNO>
Learning Policies with External Memory


  In order for an agent to perform well in partially observable domains, it is
usually necessary for actions to depend on the history of observations. In this
paper, we explore a {\it stigmergic} approach, in which the agent's actions
include the ability to set and clear bits in an external memory, and the
external memory is included as part of the input to the agent. In this case, we
need to learn a reactive policy in a highly non-Markovian domain. We explore
two algorithms: SARSA(\lambda), which has had empirical success in partially
observable domains, and VAPS, a new algorithm due to Baird and Moore, with
convergence guarantees in partially observable domains. We compare the
performance of these two algorithms on benchmark problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75131 </DOCNO>
Comments on multiple scattering of high-energy muons in thick layers


  We describe two independent methods to calculate the angular distribution of
muons after traversing a thick scatterer due to multiple Coulomb scattering.
Both methods take into account the nuclear size effect. We demonstrate a
necessity to account for the nucleus extension as well as incoherent scattering
on atomic electrons to describe the muon scattering at large angles in thick
matter layers. The results of the two methods of calculations are in good
agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126705 </DOCNO>
Ubiquitous variability of X-ray absorbing column densities in Seyfert 2


  We present a study of the variations in the absorbing column density of 25
X-ray defined Seyfert 2 galaxies, as inferred from hard X-ray observations, on
timescales from months to several years. We show that a significant variation
of N$_H$ (from 20% to 80%) is observed in almost all (22/25) the sources with
multiple X-ray observations, although X-ray absorption never vanishes. For a
subsample of 11 sources observed at least five times the typical variation
time, as defined by a structure function, is less than one year for both
heavily absorbed (nH ~ 10^23 cm^(-2)) and moderately absorbed (nH ~ 10^22
cm^(-2)) sources. These variations rule out the simplest version of the unified
models, based on a homogeneous obscuring torus, and suggest the presence of
clumpy circumnuclear material on a scale well below a parsec. We propose a
modification of the torus model in which an overabundance of slightly dusty
BELR clouds obscures the BELR. The BELR needs, like the torus, to have an
axisymmetric structure. This model is closely related to that of Elvis (2000)
for type 1 AGN. For lightly obscured AGN (nH ~ 10^22 cm^(-2)) the structure
function shows an increase at a timescale of $\sim$5 yr, indicating a second
absorber, most probably on a 5-10 pc scale associated with the host galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97448 </DOCNO>
Strongly Singular Masas in Type $II_1$ Factors


  In this paper we introduce and study strongly singular maximal abelian
self-adjoint subalgebras of type $II_1$ factors. We show that certain elements
of free groups and of non-elementary hyperbolic groups generate such masas,
and these also give new examples of masas for which Popa's invariant delta is
1. We also explore the connection between Popa's invariant and strong
singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169229 </DOCNO>
Quantifying entanglement with probabilities


  We propose a new approach to the problem of defining the degree of
entanglement between two particles in a pure state with Hilbert spaces of
arbitrary finite dimensions. The central idea is that entanglement gives rise
to correlations between the particles that do not occur in separable states. We
individuate the contributions of these correlations to the joint and the
conditional probabilities of local measurements outcomes. We use these
probabilities to define the measure of entanglement. Our measure turns out to
be proportional to the so-called 2-entropy and therefore satisfies the
properties required for any measure of entanglement. We conclude with an
outlook on the problem of extending our approach to the case of multipartite
systems and mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85735 </DOCNO>
Rotational Instabilities and Centrifugal Hangup


  One interesting class of gravitational radiation sources includes rapidly
rotating astrophysical objects that encounter dynamical instabilities. We have
carried out a set of simulations of rotationally induced instabilities in
differentially rotating polytropes. An $n$=1.5 polytrope with the Maclaurin
rotation law will encounter the $m$=2 bar instability at $T/|W| \gtrsim 0.27$.
Our results indicate that the remnant of this instability is a persistent
bar-like structure that emits a long-lived gravitational radiation signal.
Furthermore, dynamical instability is shown to occur in $n$=3.33 polytropes
with the $j$-constant rotation law at $T/|W| \gtrsim 0.14$. In this case, the
dominant mode of instability is $m$=1. Such instability may allow a
centrifugally-hung core to begin collapsing to neutron star densities on a
dynamical timescale. If it occurs in a supermassive star, it may produce
gravitational radiation detectable by LISA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113568 </DOCNO>
Quantization of Chaos for Particle Motion


  We propose a formalism which makes the chaos to be quantized. Quantum
mechanical equation is derived for describing the chaos for a particle moving
in an electromagnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179674 </DOCNO>
Reliable calculations of level densities using statistical spectroscopy


  Nucleosynthesis calculations require nuclear level densities for hundreds or
even thousands of nuclides. Ideally one would like to constrain these level
densities by microscopically motivated yet computationally cheap models. A
statistical approach suggests that low moments of the Hamiltonian might be
sufficient. Recently Zuker proposed a simple combinatoric formula for level
densities based upon the binomial distribution. We rigorously test the binomial
formula against full scale shell-model diagonalization calculations for
selected $sd$- and $pf$-shell nuclides and also against Monte Carlo path
integration calculations. We find that the fourth moment is as important as the
third moment to a good description of the level density, as well as
partitioning of the model space into subspaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2586 </DOCNO>
On topological defect formation in the process of symmetry breaking


  By resorting to some results in quantum field theories with spontaneous
breakdown of symmetry we show that an explanation based on microscopic dynamics
can be given of the fact that topological defect formation is observed during
the process of non-equilibrium phase transitions characterized by a non-zero
order parameter. We show that the Nambu-Goldstone particle acquires an
effective non-zero mass due to the boundary (finite volume) effects and this is
related with the size of the defect. We also relate such volume effect with
temperature effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85902 </DOCNO>
The Total Space-Time of a Point Charge and Its Consequences for Black


  Singularities associated with an incomplete space-time (S) are not uniquely
defined until a boundary is attached to it. [The resulting
space-time-with-boundary will be termed a "total" space-time (TST).] Since an
incomplete space-time is compatible with a variety of boundaries, it follows
that S does not represent a unique universe but instead corresponds to a family
of universes, one for each of the distinct TSTs. It is shown here that the
boundary attached to the Reissner-Nordstrom space-time for a point charge is
invalid for q^2 < m^2. When the correct boundary is used, the resulting TST is
inextendible. This implies that the Graves-Brill black hole cannot be produced
by gravitational collapse. The same is true of the Kruskal-Fronsdal black hole
for the point mass, and for those black holes which reduce to the latter for
special values of their parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75308 </DOCNO>
Gluonic effects in eta'-nucleon interactions


  We review the theory and phenomenology of the axial U(1) problem with
emphasis on the role of gluonic degrees of freedom in the low-energy pp -> pp
eta and pp -> pp eta' reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127143 </DOCNO>
Density Variations over Subparsec Scales in Diffuse Molecular Gas


  We present high-resolution observations of interstellar CN, CH, CH^{+},
\ion{Ca}{1}, and \ion{Ca}{2} absorption lines toward the multiple star systems
HD206267 and HD217035. Substantial variations in CN absorption are observed
among three sight lines of HD206267, which are separated by distances of order
10,000 AU; smaller differences are seen for CH, CH^{+}, and \ion{Ca}{1}. Gas
densities for individual velocity components are inferred from a chemical
model, independent of assumptions about cloud shape. While the component
densities can differ by factors of 5.0 between adjacent sightlines, the
densities are always less than 5000 cm^{-3}. Calculations show that the derived
density contrasts are not sensitive to the temperature or reaction rates used
in the chemical model. A large difference in the CH^{+} profiles (a factor of 2
in column density) is seen in the lower density gas toward HD217035.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76798 </DOCNO>
Exploring CP violation with $B_s^0 \to \bar{D^0} \phi $ decays


  We note that it is possible to determine the weak phase \gamma from the time
dependent measurements of the decays $B_s^0(t) (\bar B_s^0 (t)) \to \bar D^0
\phi without any hadronic uncertainties. These decays are described by the
color suppressed tree diagrams and hence are free from the penguin pollutions.
We further demonstrate that \gamma can also be extracted with no hadronic
uncertainties from an angular analysis of corresponding vector vector modes,
$B_s^0(t) (\bar B_s^0 (t)) \to \bar D^{* 0} \phi $. Although the branching
ratios for these decay modes are quite small $ {\cal O} (10^{-5}-10^{-6})$, the
strategies presented here appear to be particularly interesting for the "second
generation" experiments at hadronic B factories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4885 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of the pyrochlore metals Cd2Os2O7 and Cd2Re2O7


  First principles density functional calculations within the local spin
density approximation (LSDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA)
are reported for pyrochlore Cd$_2$Os$_2$O$_7$ and Cd$_{2}$Re$_{2}$O$_7$. The
transition metal $t_{2g}$ manifolds are found to be well separated in energy
from the O $2p$ bands and from the higher lying $e_g$ and Cd derived bands. The
active electronic structure in the $t_{2g}$ manifold near the Fermi energy,
$E_F$ is found to be significantly modified by spin orbit interactions, which
we include. Both materials show semi-metallic band structures, in which the
$E_F$ lies in an pseudogap. The band structure of Cd$_2$Os$_2$O$_7$ near $E_F$
is dominated by very heavy hole and electron bands, though at $E_F$ the
electron sections are lighter. Cd$_{2}$Re$_{2}$O$_7$ has heavy hole bands but
moderate mass electron states. The results are discussed in terms of measured
transport and thermodynamic properties of these compounds as well as the very
different ground states of these two materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127632 </DOCNO>
The 1998 outburst of XTE J1550-564: a model based on multiwavelength


  The 1998 September outburst of the black-hole X-ray binary XTE J1550-564 was
monitored at X-ray, optical and radio wavelengths. We divide the outburst
sequence into five phases and discuss their multiwavelength properties. The
outburst starts with a hard X-ray spike, while the soft X-ray flux rises with a
longer timescale. We suggest that the onset of the outburst is determined by an
increased mass transfer rate from the companion star, but the outburst
morphology is determined by the distribution of specific angular momentum in
the accreting matter. The companion in XTE J1550-564 is likely to be an active
magnetic star, with a surface field strong enough to influence the dynamics of
mass transfer. We suggest that its magnetic field can create a magnetic bag
capable of confining gas inside the Roche lobe of the primary. The impulsive
rise in the hard X-rays is explained by the inflow of material with low angular
momentum onto the black hole, on a free-fall timescale, when the magnetic
confinement breaks down. At the same time, high angular momentum matter,
transferred via ordinary Roche-lobe overflow, is responsible for the formation
of a disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127459 </DOCNO>
The Effects of Weak Gravitational Lensing on Determinations of the


  Underlying cosmologies with deceleration parameter,
$q_0=-0.51^{+0.03}_{-0.24},$ may be interpreted as having $q_0=-0.55,$ on the
basis of weak gravitational lensing effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98334 </DOCNO>
Loop Groupoids, Gerbes, and Twisted Sectors on Orbifolds


  The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notion of loop groupoid
associated to a groupoid. After studying the general properties of the loop
groupoid, we show how this notion provides a very natural geometric
interpretation for the twisted sectors of an orbifold, and for the inner local
systems introduced by Ruan by means of a natural generalization of the concept
holonomy of a gerbe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124829 </DOCNO>
Double Bars in Disk Galaxies: Dynamical Decoupling of


  We find that nuclear rings in barred galaxies can be subject to a new type of
non-self-gravitational dynamical instability. The instability leads to the
formation of gaseous molecular bars with pattern speeds which are substantially
slower than speeds of the primary stellar bars. This spectacular decoupling of
nuclear bars from the underlying gravitational potential is triggered but is
not driven by the gas viscosity. We find that low-viscosity systems can spend a
substantial period of time in a fully decoupled state, with the nuclear bar
slowly tumbling in the gravitational field of the primary bar. Higher viscosity
systems form nuclear bars which librate about the primary bar. The shape of a
nuclear bar, i.e., its eccentricity, correlates strongly with the angle between
the bars. We also find that such decoupling, partial or full, most probably
will be associated with bursts of star formation and with gas inflow across the
inner (Lindblad) resonance zone towards smaller radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126160 </DOCNO>
Trans-Relativistic Supernovae, Circumstellar Gamma-Ray Bursts, and


  Supernova (SN) 1998bw and gamma-ray burst (GRB) 980425 offer the first direct
evidence that supernovae are the progenitors of some GRBs. However, this burst
was unusually dim, smooth and soft compared to other bursts with known
afterglows. Whether it should be considered a prototype for cosmological GRBs
depends largely on whether the supernova explosion and burst were asymmetrical
or can be modeled as spherical. We address this question by treating the
acceleration of the supernova shock in the outermost layers of the stellar
envelope, the transition to relativistic flow, and the subsequent expansion
(and further acceleration) of the ejecta into the surrounding medium. We find
that GRB 980425 could plausibly have been produced by a collision between the
relativistic ejecta from SN 1998bw and the star's pre-supernova wind; the model
requires no significant asymmetry. This event therefore belongs to a dim
subclass of GRBs and is not a prototype for jet-like cosmological GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85935 </DOCNO>
Proper time and Minkowski structure on causal graphs


  For causal graphs we propose a definition of proper time which for small
scales is based on the concept of volume, while for large scales the usual
definition of length is applied. The scale where the change from "volume" to
"length" occurs is related to the size of a dynamical clock and defines a
natural cut-off for this type of clock. By changing the cut-off volume we may
probe the geometry of the causal graph on different scales and therey define a
continuum limit. This provides an alternative to the standard coarse graining
procedures. For regular causal lattice (like e.g. the 2-dim. light-cone
lattice) this concept can be proven to lead to a Minkowski structure. An
illustrative example of this approach is provided by the breather solutions of
the Sine-Gordon model on a 2-dimensional light-cone lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128834 </DOCNO>
Keck Spectroscopy and Imaging of Faint Galaxies Identified as


  We investigate the nature of the faintest radio sources detected in 3 VLA
surveys, to faint limits 8 microJy at 8.5 GHz. Using the Keck Low Resolution
Imaging Spectrograph in BRI and the Near Infra Red Camera in K, we image 51
radio sources, and identify probable optical counterparts for 50. With LRIS
spectroscopy, we successfully acquire new redshifts for 17 sources, and 9 have
redshifts from previous data. Of this sample of 26, about 60 per cent are disk
galaxies with high radio to optical ratios, indicating ongoing or very recent
starbursts, at redshifts z=0-1. Others are normal, non-interacting galaxies at
z<0.4, QSOs and radioluminous giant ellipticals (obscured AGN?). All of the 14
non-QSO galaxies with spectra show emission lines, but with luminosities
corresponding to star-formation rates about an order of magnitude lower than
estimated from the high radio luminosities (dust extinction?). Three have
strong H-delta absorption (`e+a galaxies'). The Keck spectra also provide
approximate emission line widths and rotation curves. Most (12/14) have
kinematics implying large dynamical masses, and moderate excitation ratios
consistent with L* spirals. The other two, which have sub-L* optical
luminosities, appear to be low-mass galaxies with much higher excitations and
may be more similar to HII galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128283 </DOCNO>
High resolution simulations of star formation


  In order to study the capabilities of SPH in self-gravitating hydrodynamical
problems, we have performed a series of three-dimensional numerical simulations
of the collapse of a rotating homogeneous cloud, varying the number of
particles and the artificial viscosity prescription.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179343 </DOCNO>
Deuteron Electromagnetic Properties with a Poincar\'e-Covariant Current


  Deuteron elastic and deep inelastic electromagnetic properties have been
studied within the front-form Hamiltonian dynamics, using a
Poincar\'e-covariant current operator. The deuteron elastic form factors are
strongly sensitive to different realistic $N-N$ interactions, while the
relevance of different nucleon form factor models is huge for $A(Q^2)$, weak
for $B(Q^2)$ and negligible for the tensor polarization. The possibility to
gain information on the neutron charge form factor from an analysis of $A(Q^2)$
has been investigated. The extraction of the neutron structure functions from
the deuteron deep inelastic structure functions at high $x$ is largely affected
by the use of our Poincar\'e-covariant relativistic approach instead of the
usual impulse approximation within an instant-form approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76141 </DOCNO>
Non-Universal Gaugino Masses in Supersymmetric SO(10)


  We consider SUSY SO(10) models in which SUSY breaking occurs via an F-term
which does not transform as an SO(10) singlet. This results in non-universal
GUT-scale gaugino masses leading to a different pattern of sparticle masses
from what is expected in the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA). We study
three breaking chains of SO(10) down to the standard model through
SU(4)$\timesSU(2)\times$SU(2), SU(2)$\times$SO(7) and `flipped' SU(5) achieved
by the representations 54 and 210 which appear in the symmetric product of two
SO(10) adjoints. We examine the phenomenological implications of the different
boundary conditions corresponding to the different breaking chains and present
the sparticle spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72437 </DOCNO>
Boundary and expansion effects on two-pion correlation functions in


  We examine the effects that a confining boundary together with hydrodynamical
expansion play on two-pion distributions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
We show that the effects arise from the introduction of further correlations
due both to collective motion and the system's finite size. As is well known,
the former leads to a reduction in the apparent source radius with increasing
average pair momentum K. However, for small K, the presence of the boundary
leads to a decrease of the apparent source radius with decreasing K. These two
competing effects produce a maximum for the effective source radius as a
function of K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129231 </DOCNO>
New Statistical Methods for Analysis of Large Surveys: Distributions and


  The aim of this paper is to describe new statistical methods for
determination of the correlations among and distributions of physical
parameters from a multivariate data with general and arbitrary truncations and
selection biases. These methods, developed in collaboration with B. Efron of
Department of Statistics at Stanford, can be used for analysis of combined data
from many surveys with different and varied observational selection criteria.
For clarity we will use the luminosity function of AGNs and its evolution to
demonstrate the methods. We will first describe the general features of data
truncation and present a brief review of past methods of analysis. Then we will
describe the new methods and results from simulations testing their accuracy.
Finally we will present the results from application of the methods to a sample
of quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74801 </DOCNO>
Telling three from four neutrinos at the Neutrino Factory


  We upgrade the study of the physical reach of a Neutrino Factory considering
the possibility to distinguish a three (active) neutrino oscillation scenario
from the scenario in which a light sterile neutrino is also present. The
distinction is easily performed in the so--called 2+2 scheme, but also in the
more problematic 3+1 scheme it can be attained in some regions of the parameter
space. We also discuss the CP violating phase determination, showing that the
effects of a large phase in the three--neutrino theory cannot be reproduced in
a four--neutrino, CP conserving, model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4822 </DOCNO>
Elastic and thermodynamic properties of the shape-memory alloy AuZn


  The current work reports on the elastic shear moduli, internal friction, and
the specific heat of the B2 cubic ordered alloy AuZn as a function of
temperature. Measurements were made on single-crystal and polycrystalline
samples using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS), semi-adiabatic
calorimetry and stress-strain measurements. Our results confirm that this alloy
exhibits the shape-memory effect and a phase transition at 64.75 K that appears
to be continuous (second-order) from the specific heat data. It is argued that
the combination of equiatomic composition and a low transformation temperature
constrain the chemical potential and its derivatives to exhibit behavior that
lies at the borderline between that of a first-order (discontinuous) and a
continuous phase transition. The acoustic dissipation does not peak at the
transtion temperature as expected, but shows a maximum well into the
low-temperature phase. The Debye temeprature value of 219 K, obtained from the
low-temperature specific heat data is in favorable agreement with that
determined from the acoustic data (207 K) above the transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124916 </DOCNO>
Post-AGB Stars in Globular Clusters and Galactic Halos


  We discuss three aspects of post-AGB (PAGB) stars in old populations. (1) HST
photometry of the nucleus of the planetary nebula (PN) K 648 in the globular
cluster (GC) M15 implies a mass of 0.60 Msun, in contrast to the mean masses of
white dwarfs in GCs of ~0.5 Msun. This suggests that K 648 is descended from a
merged binary, and we infer that single Pop II stars do not produce visible
PNe. (2) Yellow PAGB stars are the visually brightest stars in old populations
(Mv ~ -3.3) and are easily recognizable because of their large Balmer jumps;
thus they show great promise as a Pop II standard candle. Two yellow PAGB stars
in the GC NGC 5986 have the same V magnitudes to within +/-0.05 mag, supporting
an expected narrow luminosity function. (3) Using CCD photometry and a u filter
lying below the Balmer jump, we have detected yellow PAGB stars in the halo of
M31 and in its dwarf elliptical companion NGC 205. With the Milky Way zero
point, we reproduce the Cepheid distance to M31, and find that NGC 205 is ~100
kpc further away than M31. The star counts imply a yellow PAGB lifetime of
about 25,000 yr, and their luminosities imply masses near 0.53 Msun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126781 </DOCNO>
Parsec-Scale Jet Polarization Properties of a Complete Sample of Active


  We present results from the highest resolution polarization imaging survey of
a complete sample of extragalactic radio sources carried out to date. Our
sample consists of a statistically complete flat-spectrum subset of 32 AGNs
from the Pearson-Readhead survey, which has been studied at a variety of
wavelengths and resolutions, including space-VLBI. Our observations were made
with the VLBA at 43 GHz, where the relatively higher resolution and weaker
opacity effects have allowed us to probe magnetic field structures in the jets
of these AGNs much closer to the central engine than in previous studies. At 43
GHz, the bulk of the total intensity and polarized emission in most
flat-spectrum AGNs originates from an unresolved core component located at the
extreme end of a faint jet. The luminosity of the core is positively correlated
with the total source luminosity in soft x-rays, in the optical, and at 5 GHz.
The most strongly polarized cores display electric vectors that are roughly
aligned with the jet axis, which is consistent with a strong transverse shock
that enhances the perpendicular component of the jet magnetic field. Sources
with highly polarized cores also tend to have high optical polarizations and
flatter overall radio spectra. Approximately half of the jets in our sample
display apparently bent morphologies that are suggestive of streaming motions
along a helical path. The straightest jets in the sample tend to display slower
superluminal speeds than those that are significantly bent. We also confirm
that intrinsic differences in the magnetic field properties of BL Lacertae
objects and quasars previously seen on scales of tens of milliarcseconds are
also present in regions much closer to the base of the jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123540 </DOCNO>
How to Avoid the Ambiguity in Applying the Copernican Principle for


  It is often stated that homogeneity and isotropy of the Universe are
assumptions of the almost Friedmann-Lema^itre (FL) model (the hot big bang
model), inspired from the Copernican Principle. However, only local homogeneity
and isotropy are required by the model: multiply connected almost FL models are
locally homogeneous and isotropic, but they can be globally anisotropic and/or
globally inhomogeneous. Toy models are used here to show how global anisotropy
and/or global inhomogeneity of an almost FL model could be shown directly in
observations. This approach may avoid having to make any assumptions regarding
global anisotropy and inhomogeneity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76603 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Walls: Fermion Scattering in Magnetic Field


  We investigate the scattering of fermions off walls in the presence of a
magnetic field. We consider both the bubble wall and the kink domain wall. By
solving the Dirac equation for fermions in the presence of a domain wall in an
external magnetic field, we investigate the dependence on the magnetic field of
the transmission and reflection coefficients. In the case of kink domain wall,
we also consider the solutions localized on the wall. The possibile role of the
ferromagnetic domain walls in the dynamics of the early Universe is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6784 </DOCNO>
Resonant Josephson current through a quantum dot


  We calculate the DC Josephson current through a semiconducting quantum dot
which is weakly coupled by tunnel barriers to two superconducting reservoirs. A
Breit-Wigner resonance in the conductance corresponds to a resonance in the
critical current, but with a different (non-lorentzian) lineshape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148513 </DOCNO>
Non-Renormalisation Theorems in Global Supersymmetry


  We review the history of non-renormalisation theorems in global
supersymmetry, as well as their importance in all attempts to apply
supersymmetry to the real world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7165 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Waves Through Disordered Systems: Comparison Of


  We obtain the statistics of the intensity, transmission and conductance for
scalar electromagnetic waves propagating through a disordered collection of
scatterers. Our results show that the probability distribution for these
quantities, x, follow a universal form x^a Exp(-x^m) . This family of functions
includes the Rayleigh distribution (when a=0, m=1) and the Dirac delta function
(a -> Infinity), which are the expressions for intensity and transmission in
the diffusive regime neglecting correlations. Finally, we find simple
analytical expressions for the nth moment of the distributions and for to the
ratio of the moments of the intensity and transmission, which generalizes the
n! result valid in the above regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5301 </DOCNO>
Scaling laws for the largest Lyapunov exponent in long-range systems: A


  We investigate the laws that rule the behavior of the largest Lyapunov
exponent (LLE) in many particle systems with long range interactions. We
consider as a representative system the so-called Hamiltonian alpha-XY model
where the adjustable parameter alpha controls the range of the interactions of
N ferromagnetic spins in a lattice of dimension d. In previous work the
dependence of the LLE with the system size N, for sufficiently high energies,
was established through numerical simulations. In the thermodynamic limit, the
LLE becomes constant for alpha greater than d whereas it decays as an inverse
power law of N for alpha smaller than d. A recent theoretical calculation based
on Pettini's geometrization of the dynamics is consistent with these numerical
results (M.-C. Firpo and S. Ruffo, cond-mat/0108158). Here we show that the
scaling behavior can also be explained by a random matrix approach, in which
the tangent mappings that define the Lyapunov exponents are modeled by random
simplectic matrices drawn from a suitable ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124444 </DOCNO>
The SZ effect as a cosmological discriminator


  We show how future measurements of the SZ effect (SZE) can be used to
constrain the cosmological parameters. We combine the SZ information expected
from the Planck full-sky survey, N(S), where no redshift information is
included, with the N(z) obtained from an optically-identified SZ-selected
survey covering less than 1% of the sky. We demonstrate how with a small
subsample (approx. 300 clusters) of the whole SZ catalogue observed optically
it is possible to drastically reduce the degeneracy among the cosmological
parameters. We have studied the requirements for performing the optical
follow-up and we show the feasibility of such a project. Finally we have
compared the cluster expectations for Planck with those expected for Newton-XMM
during their lifetimes. It is shown that, due to its larger sky coverage,
Planck will detect a factor approx. 5 times more clusters than Newton-XMM and
also with a larger redshift coverage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149071 </DOCNO>
Two phases of the noncommutative quantum mechanics


  We consider quantum mechanics on the noncommutative plane in the presence of
magnetic field $B$. We show, that the model has two essentially different
phases separated by the point $B\theta=c\hbar^2/e$, where $\theta$ is a
parameter of noncommutativity. In this point the system reduces to
exactly-solvable one-dimensional system. When $\kappa=1-eB\theta/c\hbar^2<0$
there is a finite number of states corresponding to the given value of the
angular momentum. In another phase, i.e. when $\kappa>0$ the number of states
is infinite. The perturbative spectrum near the critical point $\kappa=0$ is
computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73897 </DOCNO>
Chaotic strings and standard model parameters


  We introduce so-called chaotic strings (coupled 1-dimensional noise strings
underlying the Parisi-Wu approach of stochastic quantization on a small scale)
as a possible amendment of ordinary string theories. These strings are strongly
self-interacting and exhibit strongest possible chaotic behavior. Constraints
on the vacuum energy of the strings fix a certain discrete set of allowed
string couplings. We provide extensive numerical evidence that these string
couplings numerically coincide with running standard model coupling constants,
evaluated at energy scales given by the masses of the known quarks, leptons and
gauge bosons. Chaotic strings can thus be used to provide a theoretical
argument why certain standard model parameters are realized in nature, others
are not, assuming that the a priori free standard model parameters evolve to
the minima of the effective potentials. The chaotic string spectrum correctly
reproduces the numerical values of the electroweak and strong coupling
constants with a precision of 4-5 digits, as well as the (free) masses of the
known quarks and leptons with a precision of 3-4 digits. Neutrino mass
predictions consistent with present experiments are obtained. The W boson mass
also comes out correctly, and a Higgs mass prediction is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5566 </DOCNO>
Effect of Non Gaussian Noises on the Stochastic Resonance-Like


  We exploit a simple one-dimensional trapping model introduced before,
prompted by the problem of ion current across a biological membrane. The
voltage-sensitive channels are open or closed depending on the value taken by
an external potential that has two contributions: a deterministic periodic and
a stochastic one. Here we assume that the noise source is colored and non
Gaussian, with a $q$-dependent probability distribution (where $q$ is a
parameter indicating the departure from Gaussianity). We analyze the behavior
of the oscillation amplitude as a function of both $q$ and the noise
correlation time. The main result is that in addition to the resonant-like
maximum as a function of the noise intensity, there is a new resonant maximum
as a function of the parameter $q$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76060 </DOCNO>
Baryon Spectroscopy at Beijing Electron Positron Collider


  BES Collaboration has collected 58 million $J/\psi$ events at the Beijing
Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC). $J/\psi$ decays provide an excellent place
for studying excited nucleons and hyperons -- $N^*$, $\Lambda^*$, $\Sigma^*$
and $\Xi^*$ resonances. Physics motivation, data status, partial wave analyses
and future prospects are presented for the baryon resonance program at BES.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40836 </DOCNO>
Measurement of dijet production in neutral current deep inelastic


  Dijet production has been studied in neutral current deep inelastic e+p
scattering for 470 < Q**2 < 20000 GeV**2 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using
an integrated luminosity of 38.4 pb**{-1}. Dijet differential cross sections
are presented in a kinematic region where both theoretical and experimental
uncertainties are small. Next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD calculations describe
the measured differential cross sections well. A QCD analysis of the measured
dijet fraction as a function of Q**2 allows both a precise determination of
alpha_s(M_Z) and a test of the energy-scale dependence of the strong coupling
constant. A detailed analysis provides an improved estimate of the
uncertainties of the NLO QCD cross sections arising from the parton
distribution functions of the proton. The value of alpha_s(M_Z), as determined
from the QCD fit, is alpha_s(M_Z) = 0.1166 +- 0.0019 (stat.) {+
0.0024}_{-0.0033} (exp.)} {+ 0.0057}_{- 0.0044} (th.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 715 </DOCNO>
Orientational dependence of current through molecular films


  We study the current through molecular films as a function of orientation of
the molecules in the film with respect to electrodes. It may change by more
than an order of magnitude, depending on the angle between the axis of the
molecules and the normal to the electrode. This is a consequence of a strong
directional character of $p$-orbitals that determines the conductance through
the molecules. We demonstrate this result on an exactly solvable model, and
present the calculations for two different experimentally accessible molecular
films sandwiched between gold electrodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2123 </DOCNO>
On the mean field treatment of attractive interactions in nonuniform


  We study thermodynamic and structural properties of a Lennard-Jones liquid at
a state very close to the triple point as the radius of a hard sphere solute is
varied. Oscillatory profiles arise for small, molecular sized radii while for
large radii smooth interfaces with a ``drying layer'' of low vapor density near
the solute are seen. We develop a quantitative theory for this process using a
new mean field treatment where the effects of attractive interactions are
described in terms of a self-consistently chosen effective single particle
field. We modify the usual simple molecular field approximation for the
effective field in a very natural way so that exact results (consistent with a
given accurate equation of state for the uniform fluid) arise in the
``hydrostatic limit'' of very slowly varying interfaces. Very good agreement
with the results of computer simulations for a wide range of solute radii are
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149442 </DOCNO>
String Corrections to the Holographic RG Flow of Supersymmetric SU(N) x


  We study leading string corrections to the type IIB supergravity solution
dual to the ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric $SU(N+M)\times SU(N)$ gauge theory
coupled to bifundamental chiral superfields $A_i, B_j$, $i,j=1,2$. This
solution was found in hep-th/0007191, and its asymptotic form describing
logarithmic RG flow was constructed in hep-th/0002159. The leading tree-level
string correction to the type IIB string effective action is represented by the
invariant of the form $\a'{}^3 (R^4 + ...)$. Since the background contains
3-form field strengths, we need to know parts of this invariant that depend on
them. By analyzing the 5-point superstring scattering amplitudes we show that
only a few specific $R^3 (H_3)^2$ and $R^3 (F_3)^2$ terms are present in the
effective action.
  Their contribution to the holographic RG flow turns out to be of the same
order as of the $R^4$ terms. Using this fact we show that it is possible to
have agreement between the $\alpha'$-corrected radial dependence of the
supergravity fields and the RG flow dictated by the NSVZ beta functions in
field theory. The agreement with field theory requires that the anomalous
dimension of the operators $\Tr (A_i B_j)$ is corrected by a term of order
$(M/N)^4 \lambda^{-1/2}$ from its value $-{1 \over 2} $ found for M=0
($\lambda$ is the appropriate 't Hooft coupling which is assumed to be strong).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1266 </DOCNO>
Noise effect on the nonadiabatic transition and correction to the


  We study effect of noise on the tunneling process of the magnetization in a
sweeping field from the viewpoint of the nonadiabatic transition. The tunneling
probability depends on the properties of the noise, e.g. the direction, the
amplitude, and the relaxation time of the autocorrelation function. We
investigate the tunneling process in the presence of noise by solving the
time-dependent Schr$\rm{\ddot{o}}$dinger equation numerically, and analyze its
parameter dependence. We estimate the effective tunneling gap making use of the
Landau-Zener-St$\rm{\ddot{u}}$ckelberg (LZS) formula. The dependence of the gap
on the sweeping velocity reproduces the corresponding experimental data
qualitatively. For fast sweeping field the estimated gap has no velocity
dependence and this gap seems to give the true gap. We, however, show that a
correction for the estimated energy gap is necessary and we propose an
correction formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1572 </DOCNO>
Phase coexistence and finite-size scaling in random combinatorial


  We study an exactly solvable version of the famous random Boolean
satisfiability problem, the so called random XOR-SAT problem. Rare events are
shown to affect the combinatorial ``phase diagram'' leading to a coexistence of
solvable and unsolvable instances of the combinatorial problem in a certain
region of the parameters characterizing the model. Such instances differ by a
non-extensive quantity in the ground state energy of the associated diluted
spin-glass model. We also show that the critical exponent $\nu$, controlling
the size of the critical window where the probability of having solutions
vanishes, depends on the model parameters, shedding light on the link between
random hyper-graph topology and universality classes. In the case of random
satisfiability, a similar behavior was conjectured to be connected to the onset
of computational intractability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128344 </DOCNO>
A FUSE Survey of Interstellar Molecular Hydrogen in the Small and Large


  We describe a moderate-resolution FUSE survey of H2 along 70 sight lines to
the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds, using hot stars as background sources.
FUSE spectra of 67% of observed Magellanic Cloud sources (52% of LMC and 92% of
SMC) exhibit absorption lines from the H2 Lyman and Werner bands between 912
and 1120 A. Our survey is sensitive to N(H2) >= 10^14 cm^-2; the highest column
densities are log N(H2) = 19.9 in the LMC and 20.6 in the SMC. We find reduced
H2 abundances in the Magellanic Clouds relative to the Milky Way, with average
molecular fractions <f_H2> = 0.010 (+0.005, -0.002) for the SMC and <f_H2> =
0.012 (+0.006, -0.003) for the LMC, compared with <f_H2> = 0.095 for the
Galactic disk over a similar range of reddening. The dominant uncertainty in
this measurement results from the systematic differences between 21 cm radio
emission and Lya in pencil-beam sight lines as measures of N(HI). These results
imply that the diffuse H2 masses of the LMC and SMC are 8 x 10^6 Msun and 2 x
10^6 Msun, respectively, 2% and 0.5% of the H I masses derived from 21 cm
emission measurements. The LMC and SMC abundance patterns can be reproduced in
ensembles of model clouds with a reduced H2 formation rate coefficient, R ~ 3 x
10^-18 cm^3 s^-1, and incident radiation fields ranging from 10 - 100 times the
Galactic mean value. We find that these high-radiation, low-formation-rate
models can also explain the enhanced N(4)/N(2) and N(5)/N(3) rotational
excitation ratios in the Clouds. We use H2 column densities in low rotational
states (J = 0 and 1) to derive a mean kinetic and/or rotational temperature
<T_01> = 82 +/- 21 K for clouds with N(H2) >= 10^16 cm^-2, similar to Galactic
gas. We discuss the implications of this work for theories of star formation in
low-metallicity environments. [Abstract abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87245 </DOCNO>
Quantum Geometry and Gravity: Recent Advances


  Over the last three years, a number of fundamental physical issues were
addressed in loop quantum gravity. These include: A statistical mechanical
derivation of the horizon entropy, encompassing astrophysically interesting
black holes as well as cosmological horizons; a natural resolution of the
big-bang singularity; the development of spin-foam models which provide
background independent path integral formulations of quantum gravity and
`finiteness proofs' of some of these models; and, the introduction of
semi-classical techniques to make contact between the background independent,
non-perturbative theory and the perturbative, low energy physics in Minkowski
space. These developments spring from a detailed quantum theory of geometry
that was systematically developed in the mid-nineties and have added a great
deal of optimism and intellectual excitement to the field.
  The goal of this article is to communicate these advances in general physical
terms, accessible to researchers in all areas of gravitational physics
represented in this conference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114505 </DOCNO>
The Stirling Engine-Refrigerator: Rich Pedagogy from Applied Physics


  A Stirling engine of the type used for demonstration purposes has been
outfitted with a pair of sensors that measure pressure and piston displacement
when the engine is operating with a small temperature difference between the
hot and cold reservoirs. Measured variables are compared against computer
generated output based on a simple theory that involves nonlinear equations of
motion. Theory and experiment are found to be in reasonable agreement.
Temperature dependence of the graph of pressure versus piston displacement, for
different directions of flywheel rotation, permits a better understanding of
the physics of heat engines and refrigerators in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75854 </DOCNO>
Degenerate BESS model at future colliders


  A brief overview of the sensitivity of future colliders to new vector
particles from strongly interacting Higgs is presented. In particular the
capability of detecting almost degenerate resonances is reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73547 </DOCNO>
False Vacuum Decay after Inflation


  Inflation is terminated by a non-equilibrium process which finally leads to a
thermal state. We study the onset of this transition in a class of hybrid
inflation models. The exponential growth of tachyonic modes leads to
decoherence and spinodal decomposition. We compute the decoherence time, the
spinodal time, the size of the formed domains and the homogeneous classical
fields within a single domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41605 </DOCNO>
The JPC=1-+ hunting season at VES


  We present preliminary results of study of the ethapi-, etha'pi- and b1pi
systems produced in the pi-Be-interaction at 28GeV/c. JPC=2++ and 1-+-waves
resulted from the PWA have been fitted in each system separately to establish
the nature of the 1-+ wave. A hypothesis of the 1-+ wave resonant nature in the
ethapi- and etha'pi- has no statistically significant preference over the
non-resonant one. The b1pi-system study confirms the results of the 37GeV/c
beam data analysis in favor of the resonant treatment of the bump at 1.6GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 796 </DOCNO>
A Study of the Antiferromagnetic Phase in the Hubbard Model by means of


  We have investigated the antiferromagnetic phase of the 2D, the 3D and the
extended Hubbard models on a bipartite cubic lattice by means of the Composite
Operator Method within a two-pole approximation. This approach yields a fully
self-consistent treatment of the antiferromagnetic state that respects the
symmetry properties of both the model and the algebra. The complete phase
diagram, as regards the antiferromagnetic and the paramagnetic phases, has been
drawn. We firstly reported, within a pole approximation, three kinds of
transitions at half-filling: Mott-Hubbard, Mott-Heisenberg and Heisenberg. We
have also found a metal-insulator transition, driven by doping, within the
antiferromagnetic phase. This latter is restricted to a very small region near
half filling and has, in contrast to what has been found by similar approaches,
a finite critical Coulomb interaction as lower bound at half filling. Finally,
it is worth noting that our antiferromagnetic gap has two independent
components: one due to the antiferromagnetic correlations and another coming
from the Mott-Hubbard mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124535 </DOCNO>
FUSE and HST STIS Observations of Hot and Cold Gas in the AB Aurigae


  We present the first observations of a Herbig Ae star with a circumstellar
disk by the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), as well as a
simultaneous observation of the star obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope
Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). The spectra of AB Aurigae show
emission and absorption features arising from gasses that have a wide range in
temperature, from hot OVI emission to cold molecular hydrogen and CO
absorption. Emissions from the highly ionized species OVI and CIII present in
the FUSE spectrum are redshifted, while absorption features arising from
low-ionization species like OI, NI, and SiII are blueshifted and show
characteristic stellar wind line-profiles. We find the total column density of
molecular hydrogen toward AB Aur from the FUSE apectrum, N(H_2) = (6.8 +/- 0.5)
x 10^19 cm^-2. The gas kinetic temperature of the molecular hydrogen derived
from the ratio N(J=1)/N(J=0) is 65 +/- 4 K. The column density of the CO
observed in the STIS spectrum is N(CO) = (7.1 +/- 0.5) x 10^13 cm^-2, giving a
CO/H_2 ratio of (1.04 +/- 0.11) x 10^-6. We also use the STIS spectrum to find
the column density of HI, permitting us to calculate the total column density
of hydrogen atoms, the fractional abundance of H_2, and the gas-to-dust ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123790 </DOCNO>
Collapse, Expansion, and a Variable Speed of Light


  This paper presents an information-theoretic view of how an observer within a
quantum system will perceive his world. It is argued that because of the
indistinguishability of quantum particles, a coherent state will appear to an
observer within the system like a singularity. As superposition is lost, space
appears to expand, although to the outsider it is merely the collapse of the
wave function. Implications of these ideas to cosmology are considered. The
superluminal expansion of space provides a basis to understand inflationary
cosmologies. This expansion may be taken to be equivalent to a much faster
speed of light during the inflationary period. These ideas can be tested by
checking for `higher' speed of light from photons emitted by decohering atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123792 </DOCNO>
The evidence for jet-cloud interactions in a sample of


  We present the result obtained from a study, based on long-slit spectroscopy,
of the kinematics and ionization mechanisms of the line-emitting gas for a
sample of four high/intermediate-redshift radio galaxies. In two of the
galaxies (3C352 and 3C435A) the radio sources are of the same scale as the
emission-line regions, whereas in the other two (3C34 and 3C330) the radio
sources are extended on a larger scale than the emission-line structures. We
see evidence for shock-acceleration of the emission-line gas in the extended
regions of all the galaxies, even in the largest radio sources of our sample,
in which the radio hot spots have passed the extended gas of the galaxies. The
extended regions present highly disturbed kinematics (line-splitting and/or
underlying broad components), which are difficult to explain if we do not
consider a strong interaction between the radio-emitting components and the
ambient gas. However, the dominant ionization mechanism of the line-emitting
gas remains uncertain. We have compared the optical diagnostic line ratios of
the galaxies in our sample with both AGN-photoionization and shock-ionization
models. We find a lack of consistency in explaining the main ionization
mechanism of the emission-line gas. This suggest that, if the extended regions
are shock-ionized, some of the assumptions implicit in the shock models may
need to be reconsidered. In addition, we have investigated the nebular
continuum cointribution to the UV excess in the galaxies of our sample. We find
a substantial nebular emission contribution to the UV continuum in all the
cases. However, after the subtraction iof the nebular component, a significant
UV excess remains in the extended nebulae of most of the objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96637 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic description of nonlinear resonance


  We study a hard regime of stimulation of two-frequency oscillations in the
main resonance equation with a fast oscillating external force: $ \ve i \psi' +
|\psi|^2\psi = \exp\big(it^2/ (2\ve)\big), 0<\ve\ll1$. This phenomenon is
caused by resonance between an eigenmode and the external force. The asymptotic
solution before, inside and after the resonance layer is studied in detail and
matched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174720 </DOCNO>
Response of CsI(Tl) scintillators over a large range in energy and


  A simple formalism describing the light response of CsI(Tl) to heavy ions,
which quantifies the luminescence and the quenching in terms of the competition
between radiative transitions following the carrier trapping at the Tl
activator sites and the electron-hole recombination, is proposed. The effect of
the delta rays on the scintillation efficiency is for the first time
quantitatively included in a fully consistent way. The light output expression
depends on four parameters determined by a procedure of global fit to
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2941 </DOCNO>
Motion of grains, droplets, and bubbles in fluid-filled nano-pores


  Molecular dynamics studies of nono-sized rigid grains, droplets and bubbles
in nano-sized pores indicate that the drag force may have a hydrodynamic form
if the moving object is dense and small compared to the pore diameter.
Otherwise, the behavior is non-hydrodynamic. The terminal speed is insensitive
to whether the falling droplet is made of liquid or a solid. The velocity
profiles within droplets and bubbles that move in the pore are usually
non-parabolic and distinct from those corresponding to individual fluids. The
density profiles indicate motional shape distortion of the moving objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126506 </DOCNO>
Formation Scenarios for Globular Clusters and Their Host Galaxies


  This review focuses on how galaxies and their globular cluster systems form.
I first discuss the now fairly convincing evidence that some globular clusters
form in galaxy starbursts/mergers. One way these observations are valuable is
they place important constraints on the physics of the formation of globular
clusters. Moreover, it is natural to associate the typically metal-rich
clusters forming in mergers with the substantial metal-rich population of
globulars around ellipticals, thereby implying an important role for galaxy
mergers in the evolution of elliptical galaxies. I also highlight some new
observational efforts aimed at constraining how and when elliptical galaxies
and their globular cluster systems formed. These include systematic studies of
the number of globular clusters around galaxies as a function of morphological
type, studies of the kinematics of globular cluster populations in elliptical
galaxies, and a variety of observational programs aimed at constraining the
relative ages of globular clusters within galaxies as a function of cluster
metallicity. The understanding of the formation of globular cluster systems and
their host galaxies has grown dramatically in recent years, and the future
looks equally promising.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114506 </DOCNO>
Discrete structure of ultrathin dielectric films and their surface


  The boundary problem of linear classical optics about the interaction of
electromagnetic radiation with a thin dielectric film has been solved under
explicit consideration of its discrete structure. The main attention has been
paid to the investigation of the near-zone optical response of dielectrics. The
laws of reflection and refraction for discrete structures in the case of a
regular atomic distribution are studied and the structure of evanescent
harmonics induced by an external plane wave near the surface is investigated in
details. It is shown by means of analytical and numerical calculations that due
to the existence of the evanescent harmonics the laws of reflection and
refraction at the distances from the surface less than two interatomic
distances are principally different from the Fresnel laws. From the practical
point of view the results of this work might be useful for the near-field
optical microscopy of ultrahigh resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179143 </DOCNO>
Re-Hardening of Hadron Transverse Mass Spectra in Relativistic Heavy-Ion


  We analyze the spectra of pions and protons in heavy-ion collisions at
relativistic energies from 2 A GeV to 65+65 A GeV by using a jet-implemented
hadron-string cascade model. In this energy region, hadron transverse mass
spectra first show softening until SPS energies, and re-hardening may emerge at
RHIC energies. Since hadronic matter is expected to show only softening at
higher energy densities, this re-hardening of spectra can be interpreted as a
good signature of the quark-gluon plasma formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4767 </DOCNO>
Fictitious fluxes in doped antiferromagnets


  In a tight binding model of charged spin-1/2 electrons on a square lattice, a
fully polarized ferromagnetic spin configuration generates an apparent U(1)
flux given by $2\pi$ times the skyrmion charge density of the ferromagnetic
order parameter. We show here that for an antiferromagnet, there are two
``fictitious'' magnetic fields, one staggered and one unstaggered. The
staggered topological flux per unit cell can be varied between
$-\pi\le\Phi\le\pi$ with a negligible change in the value of the effective
nearest neighbor coupling constant whereas the magnitude of the unstaggered
flux is strongly coupled to the magnitude of the second neighbor effective
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1440 </DOCNO>
A one-dimensional toy model of globular clusters


  We introduce a one-dimensional toy model of globular clusters. The model is a
version of the well-known gravitational sheets system, where we take
additionally into account mass and energy loss by evaporation of stars at the
boundaries. Numerical integration by the "exact" event-driven dynamics is
performed, for initial uniform density and Gaussian random velocities. Two
distinct quasi-stationary asymptotic regimes are attained, depending on the
initial energy of the system. We guess the forms of the density and velocity
profiles which fit numerical data extremely well and allow to perform an
independent calculation of the self-consistent gravitational potential. Some
power-laws for the asymptotic number of stars and for the collision times are
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168673 </DOCNO>
The Lie algebra Structure and Nonlinear Controllability of Spin Systems


  In this paper, we study the controllability properties and the Lie algebra
structure of networks of particles with spin immersed in an electro-magnetic
field. We relate the Lie algebra structure to the properties of a graph whose
nodes represent the particles and an edge connects two nodes if and only if the
interaction between the two corresponding particles is active. For networks
with different gyromagnetic ratios, we provide a necessary and sufficient
condition of controllability in terms of the properties of the above mentioned
graph and describe the Lie algebra structure in every case. For these systems
all the controllability notions, including the possibility of driving the
evolution operator and/or the state, are equivalent. For general networks (with
possibly equal gyromagnetic ratios), we give a sufficient condition of
controllability. A general form of interaction among the particles is assumed
which includes both Ising and Heisenberg models as special cases.
  Assuming Heisenberg interaction we provide an analysis of low dimensional
cases (number of particles less then or equal to three) which include necessary
and sufficient controllability conditions as well as a study of their Lie
algebra structure. This also, provides an example of quantum mechanical systems
where controllability of the state is verified while controllability of the
evolution operator is not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125176 </DOCNO>
Sco X-1: The Evolution and Nature of the Twin Compact Radio Lobes


  The radio components associated with the LMXB Sco X-1 have been monitored
with extensive VLBI imaging at 1.7 and 5.0 GHz over four years, including a
56-hour continuous VLBI observation in 1999 June. We often detected one strong
and one weak compact radio component, moving in opposite directions from the
radio core. We suggest that the moving components are radio lobes generated by
the disruption of energy flow in a twin-beam from the binary system. The
average lifetime of a lobe-pair, the space motion of the lobes and the measured
energy flow in the beam are discussed in arXiv:astro-ph/0104325. The lobe has a
flux density that is variable over a time-scale of one hour, a measured minimum
size of 1 mas (2.8 au), and is extended perpendicular to its motion. This short
electron radiative lifetime may be caused by synchrotron losses if the lobe
magnetic field is 300 G, or by adiabatic expansion of the electrons as soon as
they are produced at the working surface. The lobes also show periods of slow
expansion and a steepening radio spectrum, perhaps related to the
characteristics of the beam energy flow. The radio morphology for Sco X-1 is
more simple than for most other Galactic jet sources. The lobes of Sco X-1 are
similar to hot-spots found in many extragalactic double sources. Scaling the
phenomena observed in Sco X-1 to extragalactic sources implies hot-spot
variability time-scales of 10^4 yr and hot-spot lifetimes of 10^5 yr. The
recurrent formation of lobes in Sco X-1 probably does not occur for
extragalactic radio sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77129 </DOCNO>
Method for Determination of $|U_{e3}|$ in Neutrino Oscillation


  We point out that determination of the MNS matrix element |U_{e3}| = s_{13}
in long-baseline \nu_{\mu} \to \nu_e neutrino oscillation experiments suffers
from large intrinsic uncertainty due to the unknown CP violating phase \delta
and sign of \Delta m^2_{13}. We propose a new strategy for accurate
determination of $\theta_{13}$; tune the beam energy at the oscillation maximum
and do the measurement both in neutrino and antineutrino channels. We show that
it automatically resolves the problem of parameter ambiguities which involves
\delta, \theta_{13}, and the sign of \Delta m^2_{13}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41036 </DOCNO>
A new approach to neutrino and WIMP detection using telecom-grade


  The dense energy deposition from a low-energy nuclear recoil produces, via
the thermoacoustic effect, a brief yet intense pressure pulse that can be used
for WIMP or neutrino detection in some fiber-optic devices sensitive to
acoustooptic disturbances. Several possible detection schemes are described:
all of them are inspired by modern fiber-optic sensor technologies and share
common characteristics of low-cost and expected insensitivity to
minimum-ionizing backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96952 </DOCNO>
Tiling and spectral properties of near-cubic domains in dimensions 1 and


  We prove that is a measurable domain tiles R or R^2 by translations, and if
it is "close enough" to a line segment or a square respectively, then it admits
a lattice tiling. We also prove a similar result for spectral sets in dimension
1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125344 </DOCNO>
The Onsala blind 6.7 GHz survey of the galactic plane: new methanol


  We review the state of the Onsala blind survey of the galactic plane,
searching for new 6.7 GHz methanol masers. We also describe preliminary results
of millimeter follow-up observations of the new detections and high resolution
observations using the EVN. We conclude that blind surveys are important to
complement targeted searches done until now and give the possibility to detect
new classes of objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149480 </DOCNO>
Conformal Anomalies in Noncommutative Gauge Theories


  We calculate conformal anomalies in noncommutative gauge theories by using
path integral method (Fujikawa's method). As well as the axial anomalies and
chiral gauge anomalies, the conformal anomalies take the form of the
straightforward Moyal deformation in the corresponding conformal anomalies in
ordinary gauge theories. However, Moyal star product leads the difference in
the coefficient of the conformal anomalies between noncommutative gauge
theories and ordinary gauge theories. The $\beta$(Callan-Symanzik) functions
which is evaluated from the coefficient of the conformal anomalies coincide
with the result of perturbative analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5547 </DOCNO>
From bi-layer to tri-layer Fe nanoislands on Cu3Au(001)


  Self assembly on suitably chosen substrates is a well exploited root to
control the structure and morphology, hence magnetization, of metal films. In
particular, the Cu3Au(001) surface has been recently singled out as a good
template to grow high spin Fe phases, due to the close matching between the
Cu3Au lattice constant (3.75 Angstrom) and the equilibrium lattice constant for
fcc ferromagnetic Fe (3.65 Angstrom). Growth proceeds almost layer by layer at
room temperature, with a small amount of Au segregation in the early stage of
deposition. Islands of 1-2 nm lateral size and double layer height are formed
when 1 monolayer of Fe is deposited on Cu3Au(001) at low temperature. We used
the PhotoElectron Diffraction technique to investigate the atomic structure and
chemical composition of these nanoislands just after the deposition at 140 K
and after annealing at 400 K. We show that only bi-layer islands are formed at
low temperature, without any surface segregation. After annealing, the Fe atoms
are re-aggregated to form mainly tri-layer islands. Surface segregation is
shown to be inhibited also after the annealing process. The implications for
the film magnetic properties and the growth model are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124069 </DOCNO>
Computational Methods for Gravitational Lensing


  Modern applications of strong gravitational lensing require the ability to
use precise and varied observational data to constrain complex lens models. I
discuss two sets of computational methods for lensing calculations. The first
is a new algorithm for solving the lens equation for general mass
distributions. This algorithm makes it possible to apply arbitrarily
complicated models to observed lenses. The second is an evaluation of
techniques for using observational data including positions, fluxes, and time
delays of point-like images, as well as maps of extended images, to constrain
models of strong lenses. The techniques presented here are implemented in a
flexible and user-friendly software package called gravlens, which is made
available to the community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86734 </DOCNO>
Instability of Extremal Relativistic Charged Spheres


  With the question, ``Can relativistic charged spheres form extremal black
holes?" in mind, we investigate the properties of such spheres from a classical
point of view. The investigation is carried out numerically by integrating the
Oppenheimer-Volkov equation for relativistic charged fluid spheres and finding
interior Reissner-Nordstr\"om solutions for these objects. We consider both
constant density and adiabatic equations of state, as well as several possible
charge distributions, and examine stability by both a normal mode and an energy
analysis. In all cases, the stability limit for these spheres lies between the
extremal ($Q = M$) limit and the black hole limit ($R = R_+$). That is, we find
that charged spheres undergo gravitational collapse before they reach $Q = M$,
suggesting that extremal Reissner-Nordtr\"om black holes produced by collapse
are ruled out. A general proof of this statement would support a strong form of
the cosmic censorship hypothesis, excluding not only stable naked
singularities, but stable extremal black holes. The numerical results also
indicate that although the interior mass-energy $m(R)$ obeys the usual $m/R <
4/9$ stability limit for the Schwarzschild interior solution, the gravitational
mass $M$ does not. Indeed, the stability limit approaches $R_+$ as $Q \to M$.
In the Appendix we also argue that Hawking radiation will not lead to an
extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. All our results are consistent with
the third law of black hole dynamics, as currently understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2625 </DOCNO>
Review on Scale Dependent Characterization of the Microstructure of


  The paper discusses local porosity theory and its relation with other
geometric characterization methods for porous media such as correlation
functions and contact distributions. Special emphasis is placed on the
charcterization of geometric observables through Hadwigers theorem in
stochastic geometry. The four basic Minkowski functionals are introduced into
local porosity theory, and for the first time a relationship is established
between the Euler characteristic and the local percolation probabilities. Local
porosity distributions and local percolation probabilities provide a scale
dependent characterization of the microstructure of porous media that can be
used in an effective medium approach to predict transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114277 </DOCNO>
An Automatic Validation System for Interferometry Density Measurements


  In this paper, an automatic sensor validation strategy for the measurements
of plasma line density in the ENEA-FTU tokamak is presented. Density
measurements are performed by a 5-channel DCN interferometer. The approach
proposed is based on the design of a neural model of the observed system., i.e.
a model able to emulate the behavior of a fault-free sensor and of a two-stage
fuzzy system able to detect the occurence of a fault by using a set of suitable
indicators. The fault diagnosis and classification is also accomplished. The
validation strategy has been implemented and embedded in an interactive
software tool installed at FTU. Statistics concerning the rate of fault
detection agree with the rate of uncertainty usually achieved in the post-pulse
manual validation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148464 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous breakdown of BRST supersymmetry due to ghost condensation in


  We argue that the BRST and the anti-BRST super symmetries in the
four-dimensional Yang-Mills theory can be spontaneously broken in a nonlinear
partial gauge due to ghost-anti-ghost condensation. However, we show that the
spontaneous BRST symmetry breaking can be avoided if we adopt the modified
Maximal Abelian gauge which is an orthosymplectic $OSp(4|2)$ invariant
renormalizable gauge proposed by the author to derive quark confinement. We
compare the Maximal Abelian gauge with the conventional $OSp(4|2)$ invariant
gauge proposed by Delbourgo-Jarvis and Baulieu-Thierry-Mieg. Finally, an
implication to the Gribov problem is briefly mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4385 </DOCNO>
Microscopic theory of non local pair correlations in metallic F/S/F


  We consider a microscopic theory of F/S/F trilayers with metallic or
insulating ferromagnets. The trilayer with metallic ferromagnets is controlled
by the formation of non local pair correlations among the two ferromagnets
which do not exist with insulating ferromagnets. The difference between the
insulating and ferromagnetic models can be understood from lowest order
diagrams. Metallic ferromagnets are controlled by non local pair correlations
and the superconducting gap is larger if the ferromagnetic electrodes have a
parallel spin orientation. Insulating ferromagnets are controlled by pair
breaking and the superconducting gap is smaller if the ferromagnetic electrodes
have a parallel spin orientation. The same behavior is found in the presence of
disorder in the microscopic phase variables and also in the presence of a
partial spin polarization of the ferromagnets. The different behaviors of the
metallic and insulating trilayers may be probed in experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40948 </DOCNO>
Search for charginos in e+e- interactions at sqrt(s) = 189 GeV


  An update of the searches for charginos and gravitinos is presented, based on
a data sample corresponding to the 158 pb^{-1} recorded by the DELPHI detector
in 1998, at a centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV. No evidence for a signal was
found. The lower mass limits are 4-5 GeV/c^2 higher than those obtained at a
centre-of-mass energy of 183 GeV. The (\mu,M_2) MSSM domain excluded by
combining the chargino searches with neutralino searches at the Z resonance
implies a limit on the mass of the lightest neutralino which, for a heavy
sneutrino, is constrained to be above 31.0 GeV/c^2 for tan(beta) \geq 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168830 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Experimental observation of the topological structure of


  It is shown that the two experiments Dembowski et al., PRL 86, 787 (2001),
and Lauber et al., PRL 72, 1004 (1994), prove the same topological singularity.
The phase changes found in both experiments are related to a second order
branch point in the complex plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129295 </DOCNO>
The Limiting Stellar Initial Mass for Black Hole Formation in Close


  We present models for the complete life and death of a 60 solar mass star
evolving in a close binary system, from the main sequence phase to the
formation of a compact remnant and fallback of supernova debris. After core
hydrogen exhaustion, the star expands, loses most of its envelope by Roche lobe
overflow, and becomes a Wolf-Rayet star. We study its post-mass transfer
evolution as a function of the Wolf-Rayet wind mass loss rate (which is
currently not well constrained and will probably vary with initial metallicity
of the star). Varying this mass loss rate by a factor 6 leads to stellar masses
at collapse that range from 3.1 to 10.7 solar masses. Although the iron core
masses at collapse are generally larger for stars with larger final masses,
they do not depend monotonically on the final stellar mass or even the C/O-core
mass. We then compute the evolution of all models through collapse and bounce.
The results range from strong supernova explosions for the lower final masses
to the direct collapse of the star into a black hole for the largest final
mass. Correspondingly, the final remnant masses, which were computed by
following the supernova evolution and fallback of material for a time scale of
about one year, are between 1.2 and 10 solar masses. We discuss the remaining
uncertainties of this result and outline the consequences of our results for
the understanding of the progenitor evolution of X-ray binaries and gamma-ray
burst models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76699 </DOCNO>
Quintessence Cosmology and Varying $\alpha$


  If the reported measurements of the time variation of the fine structure
constant from observations of distant QSOs are correct, combined with the Oklo
limit they would strongly constrain the class of the quintessence potential. If
these results prove valid, future satellite experiment (STEP) should measure
the induced violation of the weak equivalence principle. Future cosmological
observations of nearby $(z \siml 0.5)$ absorption systems would make it clear
whether the variation is significant or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3899 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of the Hubbard chain with two atoms per cell


  We obtain the quantum phase diagram of the Hubbard chain with alternating
on-site energy at half filling. The model is relevant for the ferroelectric
perovskites and organic mixed-stack donor-acceptor crystals. For any values of
the parameters, the band insulator is separated from the Mott insulator by a
dimer phase. The boundaries are determined accurately by crossing of excited
levels with particular discrete symmetries. We show that these crossings
coincide with jumps of charge and spin Berry phases with a clear geometrical
meaning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76934 </DOCNO>
Interacting Dark Matter disguised as Warm Dark Matter


  We explore some of the consequences of Dark Matter-photon interactions on
structure formation, focusing on the evolution of cosmological perturbations
and performing both an analytical and a numerical study. We compute the cosmic
microwave background anisotropies and matter power spectrum in this class of
models. We find, as main result, that when Dark Matter and photons are coupled,
Dark Matter perturbations can experience a new damping regime in addition to
the usual collisional Silk damping effect. Such Dark Matter particles (having
quite large photon interactions) behave like Cold Dark Matter or Warm Dark
Matter as far as the cosmic microwave background anisotropies or matter power
spectrum is concerned, respectively. These Dark Matter-photon interactions
leave specific imprints at sufficiently small scales on both of these two
spectra, which may allow to put new constraints on the acceptable photon-Dark
Matter interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126744 </DOCNO>
The Role of Dust in GRB Afterglows


  We show that the clumpy structure of star-forming regions can naturally
explain the fact that 50-70% of GRB afterglows are optical``dark.'' We also
show that dust echos from the GRB and its afterglow, produced by the clumpy
structure of the star-forming region in which the GRB occurs, can lead to
temporal variability and peaks in the NIR, optical, and UV lightcurves of GRB
afterglows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128869 </DOCNO>
The Parker Instability in 3-D: Corrugations and Superclouds Along the


  Here we present three-dimensional MHD models for the Parker instability in a
thick magnetized disk, including the presence of a spiral arm. The $B$-field is
assumed parallel to the arm, and the model results are applied to the optical
segment of the Carina-Sagittarius arm. The characteristic features of the
undular and interchange modes are clearly apparent in the simulations. The
undular mode creates large gas concentrations distributed along the arm. This
results in a clear arm/inter-arm difference: the instability triggers the
formation of large interstellar clouds inside the arms, but generates only
small structures with slight density enhancements in the inter-arm regions. The
resulting clouds are distributed in an antisymmetric way with respect to the
midplane, creating an azimuthal corrugation along the arm. For conditions
similar to those of the optical segment of the Carina-Sagittarius arm, it has a
wavelength of about 2.4 kpc. This structuring can explain the origin of both HI
superclouds and the azimuthal corrugations in spiral arms. The wavelength
matches the corrugation length derived with the young stellar groups located in
the optical segment of the Carina-Sagittarius arm. Keywords: Galaxy: kinematics
and dynamics -- Galaxy: structure -- Instabilities -- ISM: clouds -- ISM:
magnetic fields -- ISM: structure -- MHD

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129370 </DOCNO>
A Non-parametric Analysis of the CMB Power Spectrum


  We examine Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature power spectra from
the BOOMERANG, MAXIMA, and DASI experiments. We non-parametrically estimate the
true power spectrum with no model assumptions. This is a significant departure
from previous research which used either cosmological models or some other
parameterized form (e.g. parabolic fits). Our non-parametric estimate is
practically indistinguishable from the best fit cosmological model, thus
lending independent support to the underlying physics that governs these
models. We also generate a confidence set for the non-parametric fit and
extract confidence intervals for the numbers, locations, and heights of peaks
and the successive peak-to-peak height ratios. At the 95%, 68%, and 40%
confidence levels, we find functions that fit the data with one, two, and three
peaks respectively (0 <= l <= 1100). Therefore, the current data prefer two
peaks at the 1 sigma level. However, we also rule out a constant temperature
function at the >8 sigma level. If we assume that there are three peaks in the
data, we find their locations to be within l_1 = (118,300), l_2 = (377,650),
and l_3 = (597,900). We find the ratio of the first peak-height to the second
(Delta T_1)/(Delta T_2)^2= (1.06, 4.27) and the second to the third (Delta
T_2)/(Delta T_3)^2= (0.41, 2.5). All measurements are for 95% confidence. If
the standard errors on the temperature measurements were reduced to a third of
what they are currently, as we expect to be achieved by the MAP and Planck CMB
experiments, we could eliminate two-peak models at the 95% confidence limit.
The non-parametric methodology discussed in this paper has many astrophysical
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97543 </DOCNO>
Factorization of nonlinear heat equation posed on Riemann manifold


  There was proposed the method of a factorization of PDE. The method is based
on reduction of complicated systems to more easy ones (for example, due to
dimension decrease). This concept is proposed in general case for the arbitrary
PDE systems, and its concrete investigation is developing for the heat equation
case.
  There is considered the category of second order parabolic equations posed on
arbitrary manifolds. In this category, for the given nonlinear heat equation we
could find morphisms from it to other parabolic equations with the same or a
smaller number of independent variables. This allows to receive some classes of
solutions of original equation from the class of all solutions of such a
reduced equation. Classification of morphisms (with the selection from every
equivalence class of the simplest "canonical" representatives) is carried out.
There are derived the necessary and sufficient conditions for canonical
morphisms of heat equation to the parabolic equation on the other manifold.
These conditions are formulated in the differential geometry language.
  The comparison with invariant solutions classes, obtained by the Lie group
methods, is carried out. It is proved that discovered solution classes are
richer than invariant solution classes, even if we find any (including
discontinuous) symmetry groups of original equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4947 </DOCNO>
Double exchange model for RuSr_2(Eu,Gd)Cu_2O_8


  We propose a double exchange model to describe the RuO_2 planes of
RuSr_2(Eu,Gd)Cu_2O_8. The Ru^+5 ions are described by localized spins, and
additional electrons provided by the superconducting CuO_2 planes are coupled
ferromagnetically to them by Hund rules coupling. We calculate the spin
structure factor, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization as a function of
magnetic field and temperature, using a Monte Carlo algorithm in which the
Ru^+5 spins are treated as classical. Several experiments which seemed in
contradiction with one another are explained by the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 922 </DOCNO>
Generalized yrast states of a Bose condensate in harmonic trap for a


  For a system of N bosons in a 2d harmonic trap with frequency omega,
interacting via repulsive forces V<<omega, we develop supersymmetric method to
find the lowest energy states of rotating Bose condensate as function of two
quantum numbers, the total angular momentum and the angular momentum of
internal excitations (generalized yrast states). The energies of these
condensed vortex states are expressed through the single two-body matrix
element of interaction V. A broad universality class of the repulsive
interactions for which these results hold is described by a simple integral
condition on V. It includes Gaussian, delta-function and log-Coulomb forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3885 </DOCNO>
Introducing Variety in Risk Management


  We review the recently introduced concept of variety of a financial portfolio
and we sketch its importance for risk control purposes. The empirical behaviour
of variety, correlation, exceedance correlation and asymmetry of the
probability density function of daily returns is discussed. The results
obtained are compared with the ones of a one-factor model showing strengths and
limitations of this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83911 </DOCNO>
On Quantum Versions of the Yao Principle


  The classical Yao principle states that the complexity R_epsilon(f) of an
optimal randomized algorithm for a function f with success probability
1-epsilon equals the complexity max_mu D_epsilon^mu(f) of an optimal
deterministic algorithm for f that is correct on a fraction 1-epsilon of the
inputs, weighed according to the hardest distribution mu over the inputs. In
this paper we investigate to what extent such a principle holds for quantum
algorithms. We propose two natural candidate quantum Yao principles, a ``weak''
and a ``strong'' one. For both principles, we prove that the quantum
bounded-error complexity is a lower bound on the quantum analogues of max mu
D_epsilon^mu(f). We then prove that equality cannot be obtained for the
``strong'' version, by exhibiting an exponential gap. On the other hand, as a
positive result we prove that the ``weak'' version holds up to a constant
factor for the query complexity of all symmetric Boolean functions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72776 </DOCNO>
Large effects on $\BsBs$ mixing by vector-like quarks


  We calculate the contributions of the vector-like quark model to $\BsBs$
mixing, taking into account the constraints from the decay $B\to X_s\gamma$. In
this model the neutral bosons mediate flavor-changing interactions at the tree
level. However, $\BsBs$ mixing is dominated by contributions from the box
diagrams with the top quark and the extra up-type quark. In sizable ranges of
the model parameters, the mixing parameter $x_s$ is much different from the
standard model prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77148 </DOCNO>
Coherent Coulomb excitation of relativistic nuclei in aligned crystal


  We study coherent Coulomb excitation of ultrarelativistic nuclei passing
through the aligned crystal target. We develop multiple scattering theory
description of this process which consistently incorporates both the specific
resonant properties of particle-crystal interactions and the shadowing effect
typical of the diffractive scattering. We emphasise that the effect of quantum
mechanical diffraction makes the physics of ultrarelativistic nuclear
excitations entirely different from the physics of non-relativistic atomic
excitations experimentally studied so far. It is found that at small transverse
momenta $q_{\perp}$ the shadowing effect drastically changes the dependence of
coherent amplitudes on the crystal thickness $L$, from the widely discussed
growth $\propto L$ typical of the Born approximation to the inverse thickness
attenuation law. At relatively large $q_{\perp}$ no attenuation effect is found
but the coherency condition is shown to put stringent constrain on the growth
of the transition rate with growing $L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5416 </DOCNO>
Dynamical precursor of nematic order in a dense fluid of hard ellipsoids


  We investigate hard ellipsoids of revolution in a parameter regime where no
long range nematic order is present but already finite size domains are formed
which show orientational order. Domain formation leads to a substantial slowing
down of a collective rotational mode which separates well from the usual
microscopic frequency regime. A dynamic coupling of this particular mode into
all other modes provides a general mechanism which explains an excess peak in
spectra of molecular fluids. Using molecular dynamics simulation on up to 4096
particles and on solving the molecular mode coupling equation we investigate
dynamic properties of the peak and prove its orientational origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4210 </DOCNO>
Josephson Effect in BEC with Spin Degree of Freedom


  We consider the Josephson Effect between two spatially separated
Bose-Einstein condensates of atoms each of which can be in two hyperfine
states. We derive simple equations of motion for this system closely analogous
to the Bloch equations. We also map the dynamics of the system onto those of a
classical particle in a well. We find novel density and spin modes of
oscillation and new stable equilibrium points of the motion. Finally we analyze
the oscillation modes in the spin-1 ($F$=1) case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168865 </DOCNO>
Heating and decoherence suppression using decoupling techniques


  We study the application of decoupling techniques to the case of a damped
vibrational mode of a chain of trapped ions, which can be used as a quantum bus
in linear ion trap quantum computers. We show that vibrational heating could be
efficiently suppressed using appropriate ``parity kicks''. We also show that
vibrational decoherence can be suppressed by this decoupling procedure, even
though this is generally more difficult because the rate at which the parity
kicks have to applied increases with the effective bath temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3302 </DOCNO>
Fractional and Integer Excitations in Quantum Antiferromagnetic Spin 1/2


  Spectral densities are computed in unprecedented detail for quantum
antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 two-leg ladders. These results were obtained due to
a major methodical advance achieved by optimally chosen unitary
transformations. The approach is based on dressed integer excitations.
Considerable weight is found at high energies in the two-particle sector.
Precursors of fractional spinon physics occur implying that there is no
necessity to resort to fractional excitations in order to describe features at
higher energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124569 </DOCNO>
A wide-field spectroscopic survey of the cluster of galaxies


  We present the catalogue of a wide-field CFHT/WHT spectroscopic survey of the
lensing cluster Cl0024+1654 at z=0.395. This catalogue contains 618 new
spectra, of which 581 have identified redshifts. Adding redshifts available
from the literature, the final catalogue contains data for 687 objects with
redshifts identified for 650 of them. 295 galaxies have redshifts in the range
0.37<z<0.41, i. e. are cluster members or lie in the immediate neighbourhood of
the cluster. The area covered by the survey is 21x25 arcmin2 in size,
corresponding to 4x4.8 h^-2 Mpc2 at the cluster redshift. The survey is 45%
complete down to V=22 over the whole field covered; within 3 arcmin of the
cluster centre the completeness exceeds 80% at the same magnitude. A detailed
completeness analysis is presented. The catalogue gives astrometric position,
redshift, V magnitude and V-I colour, as well as the equivalent widths for a
number of lines. Apart from the cluster Cl0024+1654 itself, three other
structures are identified in redshift space: a group of galaxies at z=0.38,
just in front of Cl0024+1654 and probably interacting with it, a close pair of
groups of galaxies at z~0.495 and an overdensity of galaxies at z~0.18 with no
obvious centre. The spectroscopic catalogue will be used to trace the
three-dimensional structure of the cluster Cl0024+1654 as well as study the
physical properties of the galaxies in the cluster and in its environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74581 </DOCNO>
The decays \bar{B}->\bar{K}D and \bar{B}-> \bar{K}\bar{D} and final


  The decays \bar{B}-> \bar{K}D and \bar{B}-> \bar{K}\bar{D} taking into
account final state interactions are discussed. These decays are described by
four strong phases \delta_0,\delta_1,\bar{\delta}_0,\bar{\delta}_1 (subscripts
0 and 1 refers to I=0 and I=1 final states), one weak phase \gamma and four
real amplitudes. It is argued that strong interaction dynamics implies
\bar{\delta}_1=0,\delta_0=-\delta_1. Rescattering has significant effects on
weak amplitudes. Taking into account, rescattering, we find that direct
CP--violating asymmetry in these decays may lie in the range \mp 0.023\sin
\gamma \leq \QTR{cal}{A}_{1,2}\leq \mp 0.086\sin \gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7042 </DOCNO>
Spin Coherent-State Path Integrals and the Instanton Calculus


  We use an instanton approximation to the continuous-time spin coherent-state
path integral to obtain the tunnel splitting of classically degenerate ground
states. We show that provided the fluctuation determinant is carefully
evaluated, the path integral expression is accurate to order O(1/j). We apply
the method to the LMG model and to the molecular magnet Fe_8 in a transverse
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114353 </DOCNO>
Generating EPICS IOC Databases from a Relational Database - a Different


  The EPICS based control system of the ISAC radioactive beam facility uses the
CapFast schematic editor to construct the IOC function-block databases. This
allows a self-documenting graphical representation of the IOC software using a
hierarchical, object-like software structure with reusable components. On the
other hand, the control system is quarterbacked by a relational database, which
contains all device information. Using database reports and Perl scripts, a
device instantiation method was developed which generates top-level schematic
files in CapFast format. This method exploits the advantages of device data
entry and reporting using a relational database system while maintaining the
graphical representation of the IOC database.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41630 </DOCNO>
Highlights of the SLD Physics Program at the SLAC Linear Collider


  Starting in 1989, and continuing through the 1990s, high-energy physics
witnessed a flowering of precision measurements in general and tests of the
standard model in particular, led by e+e- collider experiments operating at the
Z0 resonance. Key contributions to this work came from the SLD collaboration at
the SLAC Linear Collider. By exploiting the unique capabilities of this
pioneering accelerator and the SLD detector, including a polarized electron
beam, exceptionally small beam dimensions, and a CCD pixel vertex detector, SLD
produced a broad array of electroweak, heavy-flavor, and QCD measurements. Many
of these results are one of a kind or represent the world's standard in
precision. This article reviews the highlights of the SLD physics program, with
an eye toward associated advances in experimental technique, and the
contribution of these measurements to our dramatically improved present
understanding of the standard model and its possible extensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2809 </DOCNO>
Bulk and edge excitations of a $\nu =1$ Hall ferromagnet


  In this article, we shall focus on the collective dynamics of the fermions in
a $\nu = 1$ quantum Hall droplet. Specifically, we propose to look at the
quantum Hall ferromagnet. In this system, the electron spins are ordered in the
ground state due to the exchange part of the Coulomb interaction and the Pauli
exclusion principle. The low energy excitations are ferromagnetic magnons. In
order to obtain an effective Lagrangian for these magnons, we shall introduce
bosonic collective coordinates in the Hilbert space of many-fermion systems.
These collective coordinates describe a part of the fermionic Hilbert space.
Using this technique, we shall interpret the magnons as bosonic collective
excitations in the Hilbert space of the many-electron Hall system. Furthermore,
by considering a Hall droplet of finite extent, we shall also obtain the
effective Lagrangian governing the spin collective excitations at the edge of
the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123935 </DOCNO>
Mm/submm observations of symbiotic binary stars: implications for the


  We discuss mm/submm spectra of a sample of symbiotic binary systems, and
compare them with popular models proposed to account for their radio emission.
We find that radio emission from quiescent S-type systems originates from a
conical region of the red giant wind ionized by the hot companion (the STB
model), whereas more complicated models involving winds from both components
and their interaction are required to account for radio emission of active
systems. We also find that the giant mass-loss rates derived from our
observations are systematically higher than those for single cool giants. This
result is in agreement with conclusions derived from IRAS observations and with
requirements of models for the hot component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83595 </DOCNO>
Meaning Sort - Three examples: dictionary construction, tagged corpus


  It is often useful to sort words into an order that reflects relations among
their meanings as obtained by using a thesaurus. In this paper, we introduce a
method of arranging words semantically by using several types of `{\sf is-a}'
thesauri and a multi-dimensional thesaurus. We also describe three major
applications where a meaning sort is useful and show the effectiveness of a
meaning sort. Since there is no doubt that a word list in meaning-order is
easier to use than a word list in some random order, a meaning sort, which can
easily produce a word list in meaning-order, must be useful and effective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86377 </DOCNO>
Fate of the Black String Instability


  Gregory and Laflamme showed that certain nonextremal black strings (and
p-branes) are unstable to linearized perturbations. It is widely believed that
this instability will cause the black string horizon to classically pinch off
and then quantum mechanically separate, resulting in higher dimensional black
holes. We argue that this cannot happen. Under very mild assumptions, classical
event horizons cannot pinch off. Instead, they settle down to new static black
string solutions which are not translationally invariant along the string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2353 </DOCNO>
Multibranch entrainment and slow evolution among branches in coupled


  In globally coupled oscillators, it is believed that strong higher harmonics
of coupling functions are essential for multibranch entrainment (MBE), in which
there exist many stable states, whose number scales as $\sim$ $O(\exp N)$
(where N is the system size). The existence of MBE implies the non-ergodicity
of the system. Then, because this apparent breaking of ergodicity is caused by
microscopic energy barriers, this seems to be in conflict with a basic
principle of statistical physics. In this paper, using macroscopic dynamical
theories, we demonstrate that there is no such ergodicity breaking, and such a
system slowly evolves among branch states, jumping over microscopic energy
barriers due to the influence of thermal noise. This phenomenon can be regarded
as an example of slow dynamics driven by a perturbation along a neutrally
stable manifold consisting of an infinite number of branch states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179111 </DOCNO>
On radiative muon capture in hydrogen


  We analyze photon spectra in the radiative muon capture in hydrogen using
amplitudes derived from chiral Lagrangians. The model can describe the high
energy part of the photon spectra, measured recently at TRIUMF, reasonably
well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168614 </DOCNO>
Entanglement-assisted capacity of a quantum channel and the reverse


  We show that the entanglement-assisted classical capacity of a noisy quantum
channel is given by an expression parallel to that for the capacity of a purely
classical channel: i.e., the maximum, over channel inputs $\rho$, of the
entropy of the channel input plus the entropy of the channel output minus their
joint entropy, the latter being defined as the entropy of an entangled
purification of $\rho$ after half of it has passed through the channel. We
calculate entanglement-assisted capacities for the amplitude damping channel
and for bosonic channels in the presence of attenuation and Gaussian noise. We
discuss how many independent parameters are required to completely characterize
the asymptotic behavior of a general quantum channel, alone or in the presence
of ancillary resources such as prior entanglement. In the classical analog of
entanglement assisted communication---communication over a discrete memoryless
channel (DMC) between parties who share prior random information---we show that
one parameter is sufficient, i.e., that in the presence of prior shared random
information, all DMC's of equal capacity can simulate one another with unit
asymptotic efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150004 </DOCNO>
Star Algebra Spectroscopy


  The spectrum of the infinite dimensional Neumann matrices M^{11}, M^{12} and
M^{21} in the oscillator construction of the three-string vertex determines key
properties of the star product and of wedge and sliver states. We study the
spectrum of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of these matrices using the derivation
K_1 = L_1 + L_{-1} of the star algebra, which defines a simple infinite matrix
commuting with the Neumann matrices. By an exact calculation of the spectrum of
K_1, and by consideration of an operator generating wedge states, we are able
to find analytic expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the
Neumann matrices and for the spectral density. The spectrum of M^{11} is
continuous in the range [-1/3, 0) with degenerate twist even and twist odd
eigenvectors for every eigenvalue except for -1/3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83707 </DOCNO>
Polymorphic type inference for the relational algebra


  We give a polymorphic account of the relational algebra. We introduce a
formalism of ``type formulas'' specifically tuned for relational algebra
expressions, and present an algorithm that computes the ``principal'' type for
a given expression. The principal type of an expression is a formula that
specifies, in a clear and concise manner, all assignments of types (sets of
attributes) to relation names, under which a given relational algebra
expression is well-typed, as well as the output type that expression will have
under each of these assignments. Topics discussed include complexity and
polymorphic expressive power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124571 </DOCNO>
Recurrent very-long type-I X-ray bursts in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U


  Two flares with a duration of several hours are reported for the low-mass
X-ray binary 4U 1636-53. The characteristics of these flares (i.e., decay time
scales, spectral softening, fluences) are very similar to the very long type-I
X-ray bursts recently found in several other low-mass X-ray binaries,
suggesting that the flares in 4U 1636-53 are also very long type-I X-ray
bursts. This would make this source the fifth to exhibit this phenomenon and
the first one for which multiple bursts have been found. Interestingly, all
five sources accrete at approximately 10% of the Eddington mass accretion rate.
Although a chance coincidence or a selection effect cannot be ruled-out at
present, this correlation is suggestive and might indicate that only at a
narrow range of mass accretion rate such very long type-I X-ray bursts can
occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124202 </DOCNO>
Distances in inhomogeneous quintessence cosmology


  We investigate the properties of cosmological distances in locally
inhomogeneous universes with pressureless matter and dark energy
(quintessence), with constant equation of state. We give exact solutions for
angular diameter distances in theempty beam approximation. In this hypothesis,
the distance-redshift equation is derived fron the multiple lens-plane theory.
The case of a flat universe is considered with particular attention. We show
how this general scheme makes distances degenerate with respect to w_X and the
smoothness parameters, alpha, accounting for the homogeneously distributed
fraction of energy of the i-components. We analyse how this degeneracy
influences the critical redshift where the angular diameter distance takes its
maximum, and put in evidence future prospects for measuring the smoothness
parameter of the pressureless matter, alpha_M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1119 </DOCNO>
The energy gap of intermediate-valent SmB6 studied by point-contact


  We have investigated the intermediate valence narrow-gap semiconductor SmB6
at low temperatures using both conventional spear-anvil type point contacts as
well as mechanically controllable break junctions. The zero-bias conductance
varied between less than 0.01 mikrosiemens and up to 1 mS. The position of the
spectral anomalies, which are related to the different activation energies and
band gaps of SmB6, did not depend on the the contact size. Two different
regimes of charge transport could be distinguished: Contacts with large zero -
bias conductance are in the diffusive Maxwell regime. They had spectra with
only small non-linearities. Contacts with small zero - bias conductance are in
the tunnelling regime. They had larger anomalies, but still indicating a finite
45 % residual quasiparticle density of states at the Fermi level at low
temperatures of T = 0.1 K. The density of states derived from the tunelling
spectra can be decomposed into two energy-dependent parts with Eg = 21 meV and
Ed = 4.5 meV wide gaps, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99106 </DOCNO>
Hyperk\"ahler torsion structures invariant by nilpotent Lie groups


  We study HKT structures on nilpotent Lie groups and on associated
nilmanifolds. We exhibit three weak HKT structures on $\R^8$ which are
homogeneous with respect to extensions of Heisenberg type Lie groups. The
corresponding hypercomplex structures are of a special kind, called abelian. We
prove that on any 2-step nilpotent Lie group all invariant HKT structures arise
from abelian hypercomplex structures. Furthermore, we use a correspondence
between abelian hypercomplex structures and subspaces of ${\frak sp}(n)$ to
produce continuous families of compact and noncompact of manifolds carrying non
isometric HKT structures. Finally, geometrical properties of invariant HKT
structures on 2-step nilpotent Lie groups are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3530 </DOCNO>
Real-Space Renormalization Group Study of Effects of Anisotropy on S=1


  We investigate S=1 antiferromagnetic quantum spin chain, whose exchange
couplings are strongly disordered. By the real-space renomalization group
method, introduced by Ma, Dasgupta, and Hu, the renormalization group flows are
analyzed numerically in a plain of the anisotoropy of the exchange coupling vs.
the staggered magnetic field. As the result, the Heisenberg point, which has a
zero average of the exchange coupling anisotropy, is specified as the unstable
fixed point against the anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3424 </DOCNO>
Melt viscosities of lattice polymers using a Kramers potential treatment


  Kramers relaxation times $\tau_{K}$ and relaxation times $\tau_{R}$ and
$\tau_{G}$ for the end-to-end distances and for center of mass diffusion are
calculated for dense systems of athermal lattice chains. $\tau_{K}$ is defined
from the response of the radius of gyration to a Kramers potential which
approximately describes the effect of a stationary shear flow. It is shown that
within an intermediate range of chain lengths N the relaxation times $\tau_{R}$
and $\tau_{K}$ exhibit the same scaling with N, suggesting that N-dependent
melt-viscosities for non-entangled chains can be obtained from the Kramers
equilibrium concept.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129141 </DOCNO>
Simulating the Formation of the Local Galaxy Population


  We simulate the formation and evolution of the local galaxy population
starting from initial conditions with a smoothed linear density field which
matches that derived from the IRAS 1.2 Jy galaxy survey. Our simulations track
the formation and evolution of all dark matter haloes more massive than 10e+11
solar masses out to a distance of 8000 km/s from the Milky Way. We implement
prescriptions similar to those of Kauffmann et al. (1999) to follow the
assembly and evolution of the galaxies within these haloes. We focus on two
variants of the CDM cosmology: an LCDM and a tCDM model. Galaxy formation in
each is adjusted to reproduce the I-band Tully-Fisher relation of Giovanelli et
al. (1997). We compare the present-day luminosity functions, colours,
morphology and spatial distribution of our simulated galaxies with those of the
real local population, in particular with the Updated Zwicky Catalog, with the
IRAS PSCz redshift survey, and with individual local clusters such as Coma,
Virgo and Perseus. We also use the simulations to study the clustering bias
between the dark matter and galaxies of differing type. Although some
significant discrepancies remain, our simulations recover the observed
intrinsic properties and the observed spatial distribution of local galaxies
reasonably well. They can thus be used to calibrate methods which use the
observed local galaxy population to estimate the cosmic density parameter or to
draw conclusions about the mechanisms of galaxy formation. To facilitate such
work, we publically release our z=0 galaxy catalogues, together with the
underlying mass distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148821 </DOCNO>
Closed-string Tachyon Condensation and the On-shell Effective Action of


  We study how the effect of closed-string tachyon condensation can enter into
the on-shell effective action of open-string tachyons in the bosonic case. We
also consider open-string one-loop quantum corrections to the on-shell action.
We use a sigma-model approach with boundary terms, and we utilize some results
of boundary string field theory (BSFT) to define the on-shell effective action.
We regard D-instanton-like objects with appropriate weight as closed-string
tachyon tadpoles, and we insert them into worldsheets to analyze the effect of
closed-string tachyons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75239 </DOCNO>
New light on electromagnetic corrections to the scattering parameters


  We calculate the electromagnetic corrections needed to obtain isospin
invariant hadronic pion-pion s-wave scattering lengths a^0, a^2 from the
elements a_cc, a_0c of the s-wave scattering matrix for the (\pi^+ \pi^-, \pi^0
\pi^0) system at the \pi^+ \pi^- threshold. These elements can be extracted
from experiments on pionium. Our calculation uses energy independent hadronic
pion-pion potentials that satisfactorily reproduce the low-energy phase shifts
given by two-loop chiral pertur- bation theory. We also take into account an
important relativistic effect whose inclusion influences the corrections
considerably.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96898 </DOCNO>
Factorization of integers and arithmetic functions


  Elementary proofs of unique factorization in rings of arithmetic functions
using a simple variant of Euclid's proof for the fundamental theorem of
arithmetic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125918 </DOCNO>
On Nonlinear Alfv\'en Waves Generated by Cosmic Ray Streaming


  Nonlinear damping of parallel propagating Alfv\'en waves in high-$\beta$
plasma is considered. Trapping of thermal ions and Coulomb collisions are taken
into account. Saturated damping rate is calculated. Applications are made for
cosmic ray propagation in the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7190 </DOCNO>
Universality of the Intermediate Phase and High-Temperature


  With the discovery of Tc s over 100K, continuously biased hole-doped
semiconductive C60+y has joined the family of high-temperature superconductors
(HTSC) previously dominated by the ceramic cuprates. The phase diagrams of
these two quite different materials are remarkably similar, despite the absence
from undoped C60+y of magnetic order. This supports percolative models of HTSC
based on strong electron-phonon interactions. These models explain observed
fine structure in the C60+y phase diagrams, and furthermore suggest novel paths
to still higher Tc s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7022 </DOCNO>
Fermi hypernetted-chain study of half-filled Landau levels with broken


  We investigate broken rotational symmetry (BRS) states at half-filling of the
valence Landau level (LL). We generalize Rezayi-Read's (RR) composite fermion
(CF) trial wavefunctions to include anisotropic coupling of the flux quanta to
electrons, thus generating a nematic order in the underlying CF liquid. Using
the Fermi hypernetted-chain (FHNC) method which readily gives results in the
thermodynamic limit, we determine in detail the properties of these states. By
using the anisotropic pair distribution and static structure functions we
determine the correlation energy and find that, as expected, RR's state is
stable in the lowest LL, whereas BRS states may occur at half-filling of higher
LLs, with possible connection to the recently discovered quantum Hall liquid
crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3206 </DOCNO>
Fermions and Bosons in Superconducting Amorphous Wires


  We discuss the destruction of superconductivity in quasi-one-dimensional
systems due to the interplay between disorder and Coulomb repulsion. We argue
that to understand the behavior of the system one has to study both fermionic
and bosonic mechanisms of suppression of superconductivity. The former
describes reduction in the mean field critical temperature $T_c$, while the
latter refers to thermal and quantum fluctuations in the order parameter. A
change in parameters such as wire width and disorder strength significantly
affects both mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1620 </DOCNO>
Fractal Behavior of Flow of an Inhomogeneous Fluid Over a Smooth


  Patterns formed by the flow of an inhomogeneous fluid (suspension) over a
smooth inclined surface were studied. It was observed that for inclination
angle larger than a threshold, global fractal patterns are formed. The fractal
dimensions of these patterns were measured df=1.35-1.45 which corresponds to
that observed for the flow of water over an inhomogeneous surface, implying
that this system is within the same universality class. Except that here the
disorder is present in the fluid and is transferred to the surface. This
observation is in agreement with the result of the theories of nonlinear flow
of fluid in disordered media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86241 </DOCNO>
The running of the Universe and the quantum structure of time


  Some principles underpinning the running of the Universe are discussed. The
most important, the machine principle, states that the Universe is a fully
autonomous, self-organizing and self-testing quantum automaton. Continuous
space and time, consciousness and the semi-classical observers of quantum
mechanics are all emergent phenomena not operating at the fundamental level of
the machine Universe. Quantum processes define the present, the interface
between the future and the past, giving a time ordering to the running of the
Universe which is non-integrable except on emergent scales. A diagrammatic
approach is used to discuss the quantum topology of the EPR paradox, particle
decays and scattering processes. A toy model of a self-referential universe is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149455 </DOCNO>
Open Strings in Simple Current Orbifolds


  We study branes and open strings in a large class of orbifolds of a curved
background using microscopic techniques of boundary conformal field theory. In
particular, we obtain factorizing operator product expansions of open string
vertex operators for such branes. Applications include branes in Z2 orbifolds
of the SU(2) WZW model and in the D-series of unitary minimal models considered
previously by Runkel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73128 </DOCNO>
Introduction to Grassmann Manifolds and Quantum Computation


  The aim of this paper is to give a hint for thinking to graduate or
undergraduate students in Mathematical Physics who are interested in both
Geometry and Quantum Computation. First I make a brief review of some
properties on Grassmann manifolds and next I show a path between Grassmann
manifolds and Quantum Computation which is related to the efficiency of quantum
computing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127683 </DOCNO>
Enrichment of the High-Redshift IGM by Galactic Winds


  This paper discusses a semi-numerical method of investigating the enrichment
of the intergalactic medium by galactic winds. We find that most galaxies at z
>~ 3 should be driving winds, and that (if these winds are similar to those at
low-z) these winds should escape to large distances. Our calculations -- which
permit exploration of a large region of model parameter space -- indicate that
the wind velocity, the mass of the wind-driving galaxies, the fraction of
ambient material entrained, and the available time (between wind launch and the
observed redshift) all affect wind propagation significantly; other physical
effects can be important but are sub-dominant. We find that under reasonable
assumptions, the enrichment by 3 <~ z <~ 6 galaxies could account for the
quantity of metals seen in the Ly-alpha forest, though it is presently unclear
whether this enrichment is compatible with the intergalactic medium's detailed
metal distribution or relative quiescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5849 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent quantal treatment of decay rates within the perturbed


  The framework of the Perturbed Static Path Approximation (PSPA) is used to
calculate the partition function of a finite Fermi system from a Hamiltonian
with a separable two body interaction. Therein, the collective degree of
freedom is introduced in self-consistent fashion through a Hubbard-Stratonovich
transformation. In this way all transport coefficients which dominate the decay
of a meta-stable system are defined and calculated microscopically. Otherwise
the same formalism is applied as in the Caldeira-Leggett model to deduce the
decay rate from the free energy above the so called crossover temperature
$T_0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113991 </DOCNO>
An analytically solvable three-body problem


  The problem of three particles interacting through harmonic forces is
discussed within the Newtonian formalism. By means of a didactic approach, an
exact analytical solution is found, and ways to extend it to the N-body case
are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125008 </DOCNO>
Star clusterings in the Carina complex: UBVRI photometry of Bochum 9, 10


  We report on the first UBVRI CCD photometry of three poorly known star
clusterings in the region of Eta Carinae: Bochum9, Bochum10 and Bochum11. We
found that they are young, rather poor and loose open clusters. We argue that
Bochum9 is probably a small and loose cluster with about 30 probable members
having E(B-V)=0.63, located 4.6 kpc far from the Sun, beyond the Carina spiral
arm. Similarly, Bochum10 is a sparse aggregate with 14 probable members having
E(B-V)=0.47 and at a distance of 2.7 kpc from the Sun. Finally, Bochum11 is a
less than 4x10^6 yrs old cluster for which we identify 24 members. It has a
reddening E(B-V)=0.58, and lies between Bochum10 and 9, at 3.5 kpc from the
Sun. We propose that in the field of the cluster some stars might be pre Main
Sequence (MS) candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5557 </DOCNO>
The band structure of hexagonal diborides ZrB2, VB2, NbB2 and TaB2 in


  The band structure and the Fermi surface of hexagonal diborides ZrB2, VB2,
NbB2, TaB2 have been studied by the self-consistent full-potential LMTO method
and compared with those for the isostructural superconductor MgB2. Factors
responsible for the superconducting properties of AlB2-like diborides are
analyzed, and the results obtained are compared with previous calculations and
available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169139 </DOCNO>
Decoherence for classically chaotic quantum maps


  We study the behavior of an open quantum system, with an $N$--dimensional
space of states, whose density matrix evolves according to a non--unitary map
defined in two steps: A unitary step, where the system evolves with an
evolution operator obtained by quantizing a classically chaotic map (baker's
and Harper's map are the two examples we consider). A non--unitary step where
the evolution operator for the density matrix mimics the effect of diffusion in
the semiclassical (large $N$) limit. The process of decoherence and the
transition from quantum to classical behavior are analyzed in detail by means
of numerical and analitic tools. The existence of a regime where the entropy
grows with a rate which is independent of the strength of the diffusion
coefficient is demonstrated. The nature of the processes that determine the
production of entropy is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168029 </DOCNO>
The mean king's problem: Prime degrees of freedom


  We show how one can ascertain the values of a complete set of mutually
complementary observables of a prime degree of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83667 </DOCNO>
Learning to Cooperate via Policy Search


  Cooperative games are those in which both agents share the same payoff
structure. Value-based reinforcement-learning algorithms, such as variants of
Q-learning, have been applied to learning cooperative games, but they only
apply when the game state is completely observable to both agents. Policy
search methods are a reasonable alternative to value-based methods for
partially observable environments. In this paper, we provide a gradient-based
distributed policy-search method for cooperative games and compare the notion
of local optimum to that of Nash equilibrium. We demonstrate the effectiveness
of this method experimentally in a small, partially observable simulated soccer
domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2406 </DOCNO>
NMR in the quantum Hall effect


  We report that the rate of field sweep is important for the observation of
the zeroes in the transverse resistivity in the quantum Hall effect. The
resistivity also shows resonances at the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
frequencies when the r.f. coil is placed along the x direction. The
relationship of the eigen values with the resistivity is pointed out which
shows that even if the eigen values are largely corresponding to that of the
single-particle, the plateau widths, shifts and shape require many-body
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 402 </DOCNO>
Multi-dimensional Rational Bubbles and fat tails: application of


  We extend the model of rational bubbles of Blanchard and of Blanchard and
Watson to arbitrary dimensions d: a number d of market time series are made
linearly interdependent via d times d stochastic coupling coefficients. We
first show that the no-arbitrage condition imposes that the non-diagonal
impacts of any asset i on any other asset j different from i has to vanish on
average, i.e., must exhibit random alternative regimes of reinforcement and
contrarian feedbacks. In contrast, the diagonal terms must be positive and
equal on average to the inverse of the discount factor. Applying the results of
renewal theory for products of random matrices to stochastic recurrence
equations (SRE), we extend the theorem of Lux and Sornette (cond-mat/9910141)
and demonstrate that the tails of the unconditional distributions associated
with such d-dimensional bubble processes follow power laws (i.e., exhibit
hyperbolic decline), with the same asymptotic tail exponent mu<1 for all
assets. The distribution of price differences and of returns is dominated by
the same power-law over an extended range of large returns. This small value
mu<1 of the tail exponent has far-reaching consequences in the non-existence of
the means and variances. Although power-law tails are a pervasive feature of
empirical data, the numerical value mu<1 is in disagreement with the usual
empirical estimates mu approximately equal to 3. It, therefore, appears that
generalizing the model of rational bubbles to arbitrary dimensions does not
allow us to reconcile the model with these stylized facts of financial data.
The non-stationary growth rational bubble model seems at present the only
viable solution (see cond-mat/0010112).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125467 </DOCNO>
Self-similarity of clusters of galaxies and the L_X-T relation


  In this paper based on ROSAT/PSPC data we investigate the emission measure
profiles of a sample of hot clusters of galaxies (kT>3.5keV) in order to
explain the differences between observed and theoretically predicted L_X-T
relation. Looking at the form of the emission measure profiles as well as their
normalizations we find clear indication that indeed the profiles have similar
shapes once scaled to the virial radius, however, the normalization of the
profiles shows a strong temperature dependence. We introduce a M_gas-T relation
with the dependence M_gas propto T^1.94. This relationship explains the
observed L_X-T relation and reduces the scatter in the scaled profiles by a
factor of 2 when compared to the classical scaling. We interpret this finding
as strong indication that the M_gas-T relation in clusters deviates from
classical scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86646 </DOCNO>
Singularity avoidance by collapsing shells in quantum gravity


  We discuss a model describing exactly a thin spherically symmetric shell of
matter with zero rest mass. We derive the reduced formulation of this system in
which the variables are embeddings, their conjugate momenta, and Dirac
observables. A non-perturbative quantum theory of this model is then
constructed, leading to a unitary dynamics. As a consequence of unitarity, the
classical singularity is fully avoided in the quantum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72781 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic B Decays - Recent Results from LEP and Comparison with


  Recent analyses of the LEP and Upsilon(4S) data have better outlined the
picture of semileptonic B decays. Results on inclusive and exclusive decay
branching fractions and on the extraction of the |Vub| and |Vcb| elements of
the CKM mixing matrix are discussed, together with some of the still open
questions and the sources of model systematics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73516 </DOCNO>
On the Deconfinement Phase Transition in Heavy-Ion Collisions


  The factorial moments (FM) of multiplicity distribution are used to study the
deconfinement phase transition in heavy-ion collisions. The relation between FM
and the partition number, $M$, results positive intermittency exponents,
$\phi_q$. According to the signatures suggested from certain statistical
models, the two-dimensional results of the dependence of $\phi_q/\phi_2$,
anomalous fractal, $d_q/d_2$ and R\'enyi dimensions, ${\cal R}_q/{\cal R}$, and
the normalized exponents, $\zeta_q$, on the orders of FM evidently supply
evidence for the quark-hadron phase transition in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4529 </DOCNO>
Scaling in the Bombay Stock Exchange Index


  In this paper we study BSE Index financial time series for fractal and
multifractal behaviour. We show that Bombay stock Exchange (BSE)Index time
series is mono-fractal and can be represented by a fractional Brownian motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2724 </DOCNO>
New phasing method based on the principle of minimum charge


  A new method of the phase determination in X-ray crystallography is proposed.
The method is based on the so-called "minimum charge" principle, recently
suggested by Elser. The electron density function $\rho$ is sought in the form
$\rho({\bf x})=|\psi({\bf x})|^2$, where $\psi$ is an $n{-component}$ real
function. The norm $\int|\psi({\bf x})|^2 d{\bf x}$ is minimized under the
constraint imposed by the measured data on the amplitudes of Fourier harmonics
of $\rho$. Compared to the straightforward implementation of the "minimum
charge" scheme, the method attenuates the Gibbs phenomenon and is also capable
of extrapolation of the diffraction data beyond the set of measured amplitudes.
The method is applicable to quasicrystals under the condition that the number
of components $n$ of the function $\psi$ is bigger than the dimensionality of
the ``atomic surface''. It is successfully tested on synthetic data for
Fibonacci chain and the octagonal tiling. In the latter case the reconstructed
density map shows the shape of the atomic surface, despite relatively low data
resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41623 </DOCNO>
On spectroscopy of rho', rho'', and omega', omega'' resonances


  Based on coupling constants extracted from fitting various data, the selected
branching ratios and full widths of rho', rho'', and omega', omega'' resonances
are calculated, and some topics on the spectroscopy of these states are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74187 </DOCNO>
Conformal Invariance of Unitarity Corrections


  We study perturbative unitarity corrections in the generalized leading
logarithmic approximation in high energy QCD. It is shown that the
corresponding amplitudes with up to six gluons in the t-channel are conformally
invariant in impact parameter space. In particular we give a new representation
for the two-to-six reggeized gluon vertex in terms of conformally invariant
functions. With the help of this representation an interesting regularity in
the structure of the two-to-four and the two-to-six transition vertices is
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86762 </DOCNO>
Possibility of Direct Measurement of the Acceleration of the Universe


  It may be possible to construct a laser interferometer gravitational wave
antenna in space with $h_{rms}\sim 10^{-27}$ at $ f\sim 0.1{\rm Hz}$ in this
century. We show possible specification of this antenna which we call DECIGO.
Using this antenna we show that 1) typically $ 10^5$ ($10^4\sim 10^6$) chirp
signals of coalescing binary neutron stars per year may be detected with S/N
$\sim 10^4$. 2) We can directly measure the acceleration of the universe by ten
years observation of binary neutron stars. 3) The stochastic gravitational
waves of $\Omega_{GW}\gsim 10^{-20}$ predicted by the inflation may be detected
by correlation analysis for which effects of the recent cosmic acceleration
would become highly important. Our formula for phase shift due to accelerating
motion might be also applied for binary sources of LISA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7600 </DOCNO>
Synthesis and characterization of superconducting RuSr2GdCu2O8


  We report on structural, electrical and magnetic properties of RuSr2GdCu2O8
samples made by systematic synthesis work so that they differ from one onether
in number of annealings and sintering temperature. Our aim is to highlight the
different behaviours as a consequence of the thermal treatments. In particular,
we deal with the onset of superconductivity in relation to the homogenisation
process, and its influence on resistivity, structural and magnetic ordering.
Finally, the problems related to the magnetic measurements due to the
superimposition of different magnetic states are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168158 </DOCNO>
On a linear optical implementation of non local product states and on


  In a recent paper Bennett et al.[Phys. Rev.A 59, 1070 (1999)] have shown the
existence of a basis of product states of a bipartite system with manifest
non-local properties. In particular these states cannot be completely
discriminated by means of bilocal measurements. In this paper we propose an
optical realization of these states and we will show that they cannot be
completely discriminate by means of a global measurement using only optical
linear elements, conditional transformation and auxiliary photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127463 </DOCNO>
The Spectral Energy Distribution of HH30 IRS: Constraining The


  We present spectral energy distribution (SED) models for the edge-on
classical T Tauri star HH30 IRS that indicate dust grains have grown to larger
than 50 microns within its circumstellar disk. The disk geometry and
inclination are known from previous modeling of multiwavelength Hubble Space
Telescope images and we use the SED to constrain the dust size distribution.
Model spectra are shown for different circumstellar dust models: a standard ISM
mixture and larger grain models. As compared to ISM grains, the larger dust
grain models have a shallower wavelength dependent opacity. Models with the
larger dust grains provide a good match to the currently available data, but
mid and far-IR observations are required to more tightly constrain the dust
size distribution. The accretion luminosity in our models is L_acc<0.2 L_star
corresponding to an accretion rate of 4E-9M_sun/yr. Dust size distributions
that are simple power-law extensions (i.e., no exponential cutoff) yield
acceptable fits to the optical/near-IR but too much emission at mm wavelengths
and require larger disk masses. Such a simple size distribution would not be
expected in an environment such as the disk of HH30 IRS, particularly over such
a large range in grain sizes. However, its ability to adequately characterize
the grain populations may be determined from more complete observational
sampling of the SED in the mid to far-IR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84019 </DOCNO>
Experiences with advanced CORBA services


  The Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) is successfully used in
many control systems (CS) for data transfer and device modeling. Communication
rates below 1 millisecond, high reliability, scalability, language independence
and other features make it very attractive. For common types of applications
like error logging, alarm messaging or slow monitoring, one can benefit from
standard CORBA services that are implemented by third parties and save
tremendous amount of developing time. We have started using few CORBA services
on our previous CORBA-based control system for the light source ANKA [1] and
use now several CORBA services for the ALMA Common Software (ACS) [2], the core
of the control system of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. Our experiences
with the interface repository (IFR), the implementation repository, the naming
service, the property service, telecom log service and the notify service from
different vendors are presented. Performance and scalability benchmarks have
been performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168030 </DOCNO>
Possibility of the tunneling time determination


  We show that it is impossible to determine the time a tunneling particle
spends under the barrier. However, it is possible to determine the asymptotic
time, i.e., the time the particle spends in a large area including the barrier.
We propose a model of time measurements. The model provides a procedure for
calculation of the asymptotic tunneling and reflection times. The model also
demonstrates the impossibility of determination of the time the tunneling
particle spends under the barrier. Examples for delta-form and rectangular
barrier illustrate the obtained results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74016 </DOCNO>
Strangeness Suppression in Proton-Proton Collisions


  We analyse strangeness production in proton-proton (pp) collisions at SPS and
RHIC energies, using the recently advanced NeXus approach. After having
verified that the model reproduces well the existing data, we interpret the
results: strangeness is suppressed in proton-proton collisions at SPS energy as
compared to electron-positron (e+e-) annihilation due to the limited masses of
the strings produced in the reaction, whereas high energy pp and e+e-
collisions agree quantitatively . Thus strangeness suppression at SPS energies
is a consequence of the limited phase-space available in string fragmentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168631 </DOCNO>
Grover Algorithm with zero theoretical failure rate


  In standard Grover's algorithm for quantum searching, the probability of
finding the marked item is not exactly 1. In this Letter we present a modified
version of Grover's algorithm that searches a marked state with full successful
rate. The modification is done by replacing the phase inversion by two phase
rotation through angle $\phi$. The rotation angle is given analytically to be
$\phi=2 \arcsin(\sin{\pi\over (4J+6)}\over \sin\beta)$, where
$\sin\beta={1\over \sqrt{N}}$, $N$ the number of items in the database, and $J$
an integer equal to or greater than the integer part of $({\pi\over
2}-\beta)/(2\beta)$. Upon measurement at $(J+1)$-th iteration, the marked state
is obtained with certainty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72851 </DOCNO>
Atomic Parity-Violation and Precision Physics


  The atomic parity-violation (APV) parameter QW for a nucleus with `n'
neutrons and `z' protons has been included in the list of pseudo-observables
accessible with the codes TOPAZ0 and ZFITTER. In this way one can add the APV
results in the LEP EWWG `global' electroweak fits, checking the corresponding
effect when added to the existing precision measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125640 </DOCNO>
Radiative transfer in disc galaxies I - A comparison of four methods to


  Accurate photometric and kinematic modelling of disc galaxies requires the
inclusion of radiative transfer models. Due to the complexity of the radiative
transfer equation (RTE), sophisticated techniques are required. Various
techniques have been employed for the attenuation in disc galaxies, but a
quantitative comparison of them is difficult, because of the differing
assumptions, approximations and accuracy requirements which are adopted in the
literature. In this paper, we present an unbiased comparison of four methods to
solve the RTE, in terms of accuracy, efficiency and flexibility. We apply them
all on one problem that can serve as a first approximation of large portions of
disc galaxies: a one-dimensional plane-parallel geometry, with both absorption
and multiple scattering taken into account, with an arbitrary vertical
distributions of stars and dust and an arbitrary angular redistribution of the
scattering. We find that the spherical harmonics method is by far the most
efficient way to solve the RTE, whereas both Monte Carlo simulations and the
iteration method, which are straightforward to extend to more complex
geometries, have a cost which is about 170 times larger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98490 </DOCNO>
Groupes de Garside


  Define a Garside monoid to be a cancellative monoid where right and left
lcm's exist and that satisfy additional finiteness assumptions, and a Garside
group to be the group of fractions of a Garside monoid. The family of Garside
groups contains the braid groups, all spherical Artin groups, and various
generalizations previously considered (In particular, the Garside groups
considered in [1,7] are special cases of those considered here; the latter had
been called "small Gaussian" in earlier works; the name has been changed in
order to uniformize the terminology with works by Bessis, Charney, Michel, and
other authors). Here we prove that Garside groups are biautomatic, and that
being a Garside group is a recursively enumerable property, i.e., there exists
an algorithm constructing the (infinite) list of all small Gaussian groups. The
latter result relies on an effective, tractable method for recognizing those
presentations that define a Garside monoid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4887 </DOCNO>
Coulomb interaction effects in spin-polarized transport


  We study the effect of the electron-electron interaction on the transport of
spin polarized currents in metals and doped semiconductors in the diffusive
regime. In addition to well-known screening effects, we identify two additional
effects, which depend on many-body correlations and exchange and reduce the
spin diffusion constant. The first is the "spin Coulomb drag" - an intrinsic
friction mechanism which operates whenever the average velocities of up-spin
and down-spin electrons differ. The second arises from the decrease in the
longitudinal spin stiffness of an interacting electron gas relative to a
noninteracting one. Both effects are studied in detail for both degenerate and
non-degenerate carriers in metals and semiconductors, and various limiting
cases are worked out analytically. The behavior of the spin diffusion constant
at and below a ferromagnetic transition temperature is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1344 </DOCNO>
Twin model for orthorhombic perovskites


  We present a detailed single crystal x-ray diffraction study of twinned
orthorhombic perovskites. The diffraction pattern can be indexed on a
$2a_p$x$2a_p$x$2a_p$ lattice, but does not obey cubic symmetry relations. The
data can be modelled in space group $Pnma$ with a twin based on a distribution
of the $b$ axis over three perpendicular cubic axes. This model allows full
structure determination in the presence of up to six twin fractions from single
crystal x-ray diffraction data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127875 </DOCNO>
A Project GRAND Study of the GLE of July 14, 2000


  The Ground-Level Event (GLE) associated with the X5.7 solar flare of July 14,
2000 is studied by the Project GRAND proportional wire chamber array. Results
are compared to those obtained by the Climax Neutron Monitor experiment which
detects secondary neutrons. The Climax monitor, located in Climax, Colorado, is
operated by the University of Chicago. The time of the GLE signal of the Climax
station is examined for a possible coincident signal in the data of Project
GRAND. Project GRAND is an array of 64 proportional wire chamber stations. The
stations are sensitive to secondary muons with energies greater than 0.1 GeV.
The mean energy of primaries which produce these ground level muons depends on
the spectral index of the primary spectrum. For a differential spectral index
of 2.4, the most probable primary energy is 10 GeV falling rapidly below this
energy and falling slowly above this energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6036 </DOCNO>
Two step flux penetration in DyMo$_{6}$S$_{8}$ antiferromagnetic


  The influence of antiferromagnetic order on the mixed state of a
superconductor may result in the creation of spin-flop domains along the
vortices. This may happen when an external magnetic field is strong enough to
flip over magnetic moments in the vortex core from their ground state
configuration. The formation of the domain structure is accompanied by
modification of the surface energy barrier and creation of a new state,
resembling Meissner state, with magnetic flux density independent on the
applied field. The modified surface energy barrier has been calculated for
parameters of the antiferromagnetic superconductor DyMo$_{6}$S$_{8}$. The
prediction of two-step flux penetration process has been verified by precise
magnetization measurements performed on a single crystal of DyMo$_{6}$S$_{8}$
at milikelvin temperatures. A characteristic plateau on the virgin curve
$B(H_0)$ has been found and attributed to the modified surface energy barrier.
The end of the plateau determines a critical field, which we call the second
critical field for flux penetration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41430 </DOCNO>
The Program in Muon and Neutrino Physics: Super Beams, Cold Muon Beams,


  We outline in detail a staging scenario for realizing the Neutrino Factory
and the Muon Collider. As a first stage we envisage building an intense proton
source that can be used to perform high intensity conventional neutrino beam
experiments ("Superbeams"). While this is in progress, we perform R&D in
collecting, cooling and accelerating muons which leads to the next two stages
of "Cold Muon Beams" and the Neutrino Factory. Further progress in Muon Cooling
especially in the area of emittance exchange will lead us to the Muon Collider.
A staged scenario such as this opens up new physics avenues at each step and
will provide a long range base program for particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126649 </DOCNO>
A small area faint KX redshift survey for QSOs in the ESO Imaging Survey


  In this paper we present preliminary spectroscopic results from a small area
faint K-excess (KX) survey, and compare KX selection against UVX selection. The
aim of the KX method is to produce complete samples of QSOs flux-limited in the
K band, in order to minimize any selection bias in samples of QSOs from the
effects of reddening and extinction. Using the photometric catalogue of the ESO
Imaging Survey Chandra Deep Field South (48 arcmin^2) we have identified
compact objects with J-K colours redder than the stellar sequence, that are
brighter than K=19.5. We have obtained spectra of 33 candidates, using the
LDSS++ spectrograph on the AAT. Amongst the 11 bluer candidates, with V-J<3,
three are confirmed as QSOs. Identification of the 22 redder candidates with
V-J>3 is substantially incomplete, but so far no reddened QSOs have been found.
Near-infrared spectroscopy will be more effective in identifying some of these
targets. Only two UVX (U-B<-0.2) sources brighter than K=19.5 are found which
are not also KX selected. These are both identified as galactic stars. Thus KX
selection appears to select all UVX QSOs. The surface density of QSOs in the
blue subsample (V-J<3) at K<19.5 is 325^+316_-177 deg^-2. Because
identification of the red subsample (V-J>3) is substantially incomplete, the
2sigma upper limit on the density of reddened QSO is large, <1150 deg^-2. As
anticipated, at these faint magnitudes the KX sample includes several compact
galaxies. Of the 14 with measured redshifts, there are roughly equal numbers of
early and late type objects. Nearly all the early type galaxies are found in a
single structure at z=0.66.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124832 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic inverse Compton scattering in powerful radio galaxies: the


  Inverse Compton (IC) scattering of nuclear photons with relativistic
electrons in the lobes of powerful radio galaxies and quasars can give
detectable extended X-ray emission from the radio lobes if relativistic
electrons with a Lorentz factor gamma about 300 are present (Brunetti, Setti,
Comastri 1997). In general these electrons are not detected since they emit
synchrotron radiation at frequencies below the radio band, so that the study of
this effect provides a unique tool to measure the energy distribution of the
electron population in the radio lobes at gamma lower than 1000. In this paper
we reanalyze the Chandra observation of the powerful and compact radio galaxy
3C 295 for which the IC scattering of nuclear photons is expected to be an
important mechanism. We find strong evidence for extended and asymmetrical
X-ray emission associated with the radio lobes in the energy band 0.1--2 keV.
We show that both the luminosity and morphology of the extended X-ray emission
associated with the radio lobes, not compatible with other X-ray mechanisms,
can be best interpreted by the IC scattering with nuclear photons. We also show
that the relativistic electron energy distribution obtained from the
synchrotron radio emission can be extrapolated down to gamma about 100 thus
providing a first direct evidence on the electron spectrum in the lobes down to
lower energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168927 </DOCNO>
Huygens' principle, the free Schrodinger particle and the quantum


  Huygens' principle following from the d'Alembert wave equation is not valid
in two-dimensional space. A Schrodinger particle of vanishing angular momentum
moving freely in two dimensions experiences an attractive force - the quantum
anti-centrifugal force - towards its center. We connect these two phenomena by
comparing and contrasting the radial propagators of the d'Alembert wave
equation and of a free non-relativistic quantum mechanical particle in two and
three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168114 </DOCNO>
Faster Database search in Quantum Computing


  We propose a new algorithm for quantum database search. Our strategy is to
partition the space of all possibilities into subspaces and use a judiciously
chosen projection operator as a polarizer in every subspace to filter out the
states which have the correct first n-2 qubits. Then we use Grover's algorithm
to determine which one of the four survived states is the oracle. This
algorithm has three advantages compared to the existing algorithms: It is
exponentially fast; it zeros in to the oracle with probability one; and it
admits an extra degree of freedom in the choice of the initial state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127843 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter in Dwarf Spheroidals II: Observations and Modelling of Draco


  We present stellar radial velocity data for the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy
obtained using the AF2/WYFFOS instrument combination on the William Herschel
Telescope. Our dataset consists of 186 member stars, 159 of which have good
quality velocities, extending to a magnitude V=19.5 with a mean velocity
precision of 2 km/s. We find statistically strong evidence of a rising velocity
dispersion consistent with a dark matter halo with gently rising rotation
curve. There is a <2 sigma signature of rotation about the long axis,
inconsistent with tidal disruption being the source of the rising dispersion.
By comparing our dataset with earlier velocities, we find that Draco probably
has a binary distribution and fraction comparable to those in the solar
neighbourhood. We apply a novel maximum likelihood algorithm and fit the
velocity data to a two parameter spherical model with an adjustable dark matter
content and velocity anisotropy. Draco is best fit by a weakly tangentially
anisotropic distribution of stellar orbits in a dark matter halo with a very
slowly rising rotation law. We are able to rule out both a mass-follows-light
distribution and an extended halo with a harmonic core at the 2.5 to 3 sigma
significance level, depending on the details of our assumptions about Draco's
stellar binary population. Our modelling lends support to the idea that the
dark matter in dwarf spheroidals is distributed in the form of massive, nearly
isothermal haloes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113661 </DOCNO>
Quasi-chemical Theory for the Statistical Thermodynamics of the Hard


  We develop a quasi-chemical theory for the study of packing thermodynamics in
dense liquids. The situation of hard-core interactions is addressed by
considering the binding of solvent molecules to a precisely defined `cavity' in
order to assess the probability that the `cavity' is entirely evacuated. The
primitive quasi-chemical approximation corresponds to a extension of the
Poisson distribution used as a default model in an information theory approach.
This primitive quasi-chemical theory is in good qualitative agreement with the
observations for the hard sphere fluid of occupancy distributions that are
central to quasi-chemical theories but begins to be quantitatively erroneous
for the equation of state in the dense liquid regime of $\rho d^3>$0.6. How the
quasi-chemical approach can be iterated to treat correlation effects is
addressed. Consideration of neglected correlation effects leads to a simple
model for the form of those contributions neglected by the primitive
quasi-chemical approximation. These considerations, supported by simulation
observations, identify a `break away' phenomena that requires special
thermodynamic consideration for the zero (0) occupancy case as distinct from
the rest of the distribution. A empirical treatment leads to a one parameter
model occupancy distribution that accurately fits the hard sphere equation of
state and observed distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148618 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation and Background Independent Superstring Field Theory


  We study quantum corrections at the one loop level in open superstring
tachyon condensation using the boundary string field theory (BSFT) method. We
find that the tachyon field action has the same form as at the disc level, but
with a renormalized effective coupling $\lambda' =g_s^{ren}e^{-T^2/4}$
($g_s^{ren}$ is the renormalized dimensionless closed string coupling,
$e^{-T^2/4}$ is the tachyonic field expectation value) and with an effective
string tension. This result is in agreement with that based on general analysis
of loop effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40806 </DOCNO>
Results from the PHOBOS Experiment on Au+Au Collisions at RHIC


  PHOBOS is one of four experiments studying the Au-Au interactions at RHIC.
The data collected during the first few weeks after the RHIC start-up, using
the initial configuration of the PHOBOS detector, were sufficient to obtain the
first physics results for the most central collisions of Au nuclei at the
center of mass energy of 56 and 130 AGeV. The pseudorapidity density of charged
particles near midrapidity is shown and compared with data at lower energies
and from $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions. The progress of the analysis of the
data is also presented.PHOBOS is one of four experiments studying the Au-Au
interactions at RHIC. The data collected during the first few weeks after the
RHIC start-up, using the initial configuration of the PHOBOS detector, were
sufficient to obtain the first physics results for the most central collisions
of Au nuclei at the center of mass energy of 56 and 130 AGeV. The
pseudorapidity density of charged particles near midrapidity is shown and
compared with data at lower energies and from $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions.
The progress of the analysis of the data is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149140 </DOCNO>
Quantum corrections to the kinetic term in the Randall-Sundrum model


  The effective action of the radion in the Randall-Sundrum model is analysed.
Fine tunings are needed to obtain the observed mass hierarchy and an invisible
radion. since the kinetic terms are important for determining the radion mass,
the finite quantum corrections from massless conformally coupled fermions are
analysed and found to vanish at one loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4760 </DOCNO>
Numerical Solution of the Mode-Coupling Equations for the


  We have studied the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in the strong coupling
regime in the mode-coupling approximation. We solved numerically in dimension
d=1 for the correlation function at wavevector k. At large times t we found the
predicted stretched exponential decay consistent with our previous saddle point
analysis in [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 63}, 057103 (2001)], but we also observed that
the decay to zero occurred in an unexpected oscillatory way. We have compared
the results from mode-coupling for the scaling functions with the recent exact
results from Praehofer and Spohn [cond-mat/0101200] for d=1 who also find an
oscillatory decay to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7029 </DOCNO>
Spin-1/2 Kagome Like Lattice in Volborthite Cu3V2O7(OH)2-H2O


  A novel cuprate Volborthite, Cu3V2O7(OH)2-2H2O, containing an S-1/2 (Cu 2+
spin) kagome-like lattice is studied by magnetic susceptibility, specific heat,
and 51 V NMR measurements. Signs for neither long-range order nor spin-gapped
singlet ground states are detected down to 1.8 K, in spite of large
antiferromagnetic couplings of ~100 K between Cu spins forming a
two-dimensional kagome-like network. It is suggested that Volborthite
represents a system close to a quantum critical point between classical
long-range ordered and quantum disordered phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126540 </DOCNO>
The IR counterpart of the black-hole candidate 4U 1630-47


  We present K band photometry of the region including the radio error box of
the soft X-ray transient 4U 1630-47 during its 1998 outburst. We detect a
variable source at K=16.1 mag located inside the radio error circle which we
identify as the counterpart to the X-ray source. We discuss the properties of
the source, and conclude that it is most likely a black-hole X-ray binary
similar to 4U 1543-47, GRO J1655-40 or SAX J1819.3-2525, containing a
relatively early-type secondary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96966 </DOCNO>
Szego Kernels and Finite Group Actions


  In the context of almost complex quantization, a natural generalization of
algebro-geometric linear series on a compact symplectic manifold has been
proposed. Here we suppose given a compatible action of a finite group and
consider the linear subseries associated to the irreducible representations of
$G$, give conditions under which these are base-point free and study properties
of the associated projective morphisms

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168372 </DOCNO>
A Quantum-Mechanical Explanation of the Collapse of the Wave Function


  The quantum field of a single particle is expressed as the sum of the
particle's ordinary wave function and the vacuum fluctuations. An exact
quantum-field calculation shows that the squared amplitude of this field sums,
at any time, to a delta function representing a discrete corpuscle at one point
and zero everywhere else. The peak of the delta function is located at the
point where the vacuum fluctuations interfere constructively with the ordinary
wave function. Similarly, the collapsed wave function after a measurement of an
observable is determined by interference between the initial wave function and
vacuum fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87246 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in the Brane-World


  A simplified Randall-Sundrum-like model in 6 dimensions is discussed. The
extra two dimensions correspond to the cone. The effective four-dimensional
scalar self-interacting theory is studied at one-loop level. The contributions
due to 6-dimensional parameters in four-dimensional beta-functions appear.
Using such beta-functions the one-loop effective potential is calculated. The
possibility of spontaneous symmetry breaking due to extra dimensions is
demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168794 </DOCNO>
Quantum dissipative chaos in the statistics of excitation numbers


  A quantum manifestation of chaotic classical dynamics is found in the
framework of oscillatory numbers statistics for the model of nonlinear
dissipative oscillator. It is shown by numerical simulation of an ensemble of
quantum trajectories that the probability distributions and variances of
oscillatory number states are strongly transformed in the order-to-chaos
transition. The nonclassical, sub-Poissonian statistics of oscillatory
excitation numbers is established for chaotic dissipative dynamics in the
framework of Fano factor and Wigner functions. These results are proposed for
testing and experimental studing of quantum dissipative chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73057 </DOCNO>
The Description of $F_2$ at Very High Parton Densities


  The behavior of the structure function at high energies (high densities) is
directly associated to the gluon distribution. In this paper we analyze the
asymptotic behavior of the structure function at very high densities
considering a leading and a higher twist relation between these two quantities.
We verify that (a) if the leading twist relation between the structure function
and the gluon distribution is used, we recover the black disc limit, and (b) a
softer behavior is predicted if a higher twist relation between $F_2$ and $xG$
is considered. While the first behavior is well-established by the current high
density approaches, the higher twist behavior is a new result. In both cases,
the $F_2$ structure function unitarizes and the Froissart boundary is not
violated in the asymptotic regime of high density QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3629 </DOCNO>
Strain Effect in MgB2/Stainless Steel Superconducting Tape


  The influence of mechanical strain on the critical current (Ic) is
investigated for MgB2/stainless steel (SUS316) superconducting tapes. The tapes
are fabricated by using 'powder in tube' method and deformation process without
any heat treatment. The tensile axial strain along tape length is successfully
induced to the sample by using a U-shape holder made of stainless steel
(SUS304). Two samples are examined at 4.2 K in 5 T (B is applied perpendicular
to the tape surface). While the initial Ic at zero external strain state (Ic0)
varies (30.4 and 33.3 A), normalized Ic (Ic/Ic0) vs. external strain relations
fall on the same curve. Linear increase of Ic is observed from zero external
strain state to 0.5% strain (107% of Ic0). Rapid and large degradation occurs
at the strain exceeding 0.4-0.5%. High durability against stress can be
expected for MgB2/stainless steel superconducting tapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3572 </DOCNO>
Low field hysteresis in disordered ferromagnets


  We analyze low field hysteresis close to the demagnetized state in disordered
ferromagnets using the zero temperature random-field Ising model. We solve the
demagnetization process exactly in one dimension and derive the Rayleigh law of
hysteresis. The initial susceptibility a and the hysteretic coefficient b
display a peak as a function of the disorder width. This behavior is confirmed
by numerical simulations d=2,3 showing that in limit of weak disorder
demagnetization is not possible and the Rayleigh law is not defined. These
results are in agreement with experimental observations on nanocrystalline
magnetic materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124117 </DOCNO>
Local Gravitational Instability of Magnetized Shear Flows


  The effect of magnetic shear and shear flow on local gravitationally induced
instabilities is investigated. A simple model is constructed allowing for an
arbitrary entropy gradient and a shear plasma flow in the Boussinesq
approximation. A transformation to shearing magnetic coordinates achieves a
model with plasma flow along the magnetic field lines where the coordinate
lines are coincident with the field lines. The solution for the normal modes of
the system depends on two parameters: the Alfven Mach number of the plasma flow
and the entropy gradient. The behavior of the unstable normal modes of this
system is summarized by a stability diagram. Important characteristics of this
stability diagram are the following: magnetic shear is stabilizing and the
entropy gradient must exceed a threshold value for unstable mode growth to
occur; flow acts to suppress mode growth in a substantially unstable regime as
expected, yet near marginal stability it can lessen the stabilizing effect of
magnetic shear and enhance the growth rates of the instability; and, as the
Alfven Mach number approaches one, the instability is completely stabilized.
Analytical work is presented supporting the characteristics of the stability
diagram and illuminating the physical mechanisms controlling the behavior of
the model. The implications of this work for astrophysical and fusion
applications and the potential for future research extending the results to
include compressibility are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72497 </DOCNO>
Inelastic Dark Matter


  Many observations suggest that much of the matter of the universe is
non-baryonic. Recently, the DAMA NaI dark matter direct detection experiment
reported an annual modulation in their event rate consistent with a WIMP relic.
However, the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) Ge experiment excludes most of
the region preferred by DAMA. We demonstrate that if the dark matter can only
scatter by making a transition to a slightly heavier state (Delta m ~ 100kev),
the experiments are no longer in conflict. Moreover, differences in the energy
spectrum of nuclear recoil events could distinguish such a scenario from the
standard WIMP scenario. Finally, we discuss the sneutrino as a candidate for
inelastic dark matter in supersymmetric theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87273 </DOCNO>
The de Sitter/Anti- de Sitter Black Holes phase transition?


  We investigate the Schwarzschild-Anti-deSitter (SAdS) and SdS BH
thermodynamics in 5d higher derivative gravity. The interesting feature of
higher derivative gravity is the possibility for negative (or zero) SdS (or
SAdS) BH entropy which depends on the parameters of higher derivative terms.
The appearence of negative entropy may indicate a new type instability where a
transition between SdS (SAdS) BH with negative entropy to SAdS (SdS) BH with
positive entropy would occur or where definition of entropy should be modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4428 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Systems and their Rectification Properties


  We explore the possibility of obtaining unidirectional current in a symmetric
(periodic) potential system without the application of any obvious (apparent)
externally applied bias. There are many physical models proposed to accomplish
this nonequilibrium effect. In the present work we consider inhomogeneous
systems so that the friction coefficient and/or temperature could vary in
space. We find out a model with minimal conditions that the inhomogeneous
system assisted by fluctuating forces must satisfy, in order to obtain
unidirectional current. In the process we discuss about thermal and frictional
ratchets that are of current interest. We argue that different models of
frictional ratchets work under the same basic principle of alteration of
relative stability of otherwise locally stable states in the presence of
temperature inhomogeneity. We also discuss in detail the nature of currents in
rocked frictional ratchets. In particular we analyse a novel phenomenon of
multiple current reversals and the efficiency of the energy transduction in
these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74451 </DOCNO>
One-Loop QCD Corrections to the Thermal Wilson Line Model


  We calculate the time independent four-point function in high temperature (T)
QCD and obtain the leading momentum dependent terms. Furthermore, we relate
these derivative interactions to derivative terms in a recently proposed finite
T effective action based on the SU(3) Wilson Line and its trace, the Polyakov
Loop. By this procedure we thus obtain a perturbative matching at finite T
between QCD and the effective model. In particular, we calculate the leading
perturbative QCD-correction to the kinetic term for the Polyakov Loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168682 </DOCNO>
Optimal eavesdropping in cryptography with three-dimensional quantum


  We study optimal eavesdropping in quantum cryptography with three-dimensional
systems, and show that this scheme is more secure than protocols using
two-dimensional states. We generalize the according eavesdropping
transformation to arbitrary dimensions, and discuss the connection with optimal
quantum cloning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40712 </DOCNO>
Glueballs, Hybrids and Q\bar Q Mesons


  Lattice gauge calculations predict the existence of glueballs. In particular
a scalar glueball is firmly expected at a mass of about 1730 MeV. This
prediction has led to an intense study of scalar isoscalar interactions and to
the discovery of new meson resonances. The number of scalar states observed
seems to exceed the number of states which can be accommodated in the quark
model even when two states, the a_0(980) and f_0(980), are interpreted as K
Kbar bound states and are removed from the list. However, none of these states
has a decay pattern which is consistent with that of a pure glueball. A
reasonable interpretation of the number of states and of their decay pattern is
found only when mixing of scalar q qbar states with the scalar glueball is
taken into account.
  In this paper we scrutinize the evidence for these states and their
production characteristics. The f_0(1370) - a cornerstone of all qbar
q-glueball mixing scenarios - is shown to be likely of non-qbar q nature. The
remaining scalar states then do fit into a nonet classification. If this
interpretation should be correct there would be no room for resonant scalar
gluon-gluon interactions, no room for the scalar glueball.
  We also discuss the status of mesons with exotic quantum numbers, of mesons
which cannot possibly have qbar q structure, and argue that these are, most
likely, four-quark states and not excitations of the gluon string providing the
binding between quark and antiquark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167944 </DOCNO>
Computer Model of Quantum Zeno Effect in Spontaneous Decay with Distant


  A numerical model of spontaneous decay continuously monitored by a distant
detector of emitted particles is constructed. It is shown that there is no
quantum Zeno effect in such quantum measurement if the interaction between
emitted particle and detector is short-range and the mass of emitted particle
is not zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75662 </DOCNO>
Feynman-diagram evaluation in the electroweak theory with computer


  The evaluation of quantum corrections in the theory of the electroweak and
strong interactions via higher-order Feynman diagrams requires complicated and
laborious calculations, which however can be structured in a strictly
algorithmic way. These calculations are ideally suited for the application of
computer algebra systems, and computer algebra has proven to be a very valuable
tool in this field already over several decades. It is sketched how computer
algebra is presently applied in evaluating the predictions of the electroweak
theory with high precision, and some recent results obtained in this way are
summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76789 </DOCNO>
Modelling correlations in heavy ion collisions


  Modelling correlations in heavy ion collisions is reviewed from model
independent characterization of the two-particle correlations to Buda-Lund
hydro model fits to correlations and spectra in Au + Au collisions at
sqrt{s}=130 AGeV at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6267 </DOCNO>
Doping dependence of the electronic Raman spectra in cuprates


  We report electronic Raman scattering measurements on
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$(Y$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$)Cu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ single crystals at different
doping levels. The dependence of the spectra on doping and on incoming photon
energy is analyzed for different polarization geometries, in the
superconducting and in the normal state. We find the scaling behavior of the
superconductivity pair-breaking peak with the carrier concentration to be very
different in B$_{1g}$ and B$_{2g}$ geometries. Also, we do not find evidence of
any significant variation of the lineshape of the spectra in the overdoped
region in both symmetries, while we observe a reduction of the intensity in
B$_{2g}$ upon decreasing photon energies. The normal state data are analyzed in
terms of the memory-function approach. The quasiparticle relaxation rates in
the two symmetries display a dependence on energy and temperature which varies
with the doping level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148866 </DOCNO>
Conformal Dynamics of 0-Branes


  We investigate the dynamics of dilatonic D-dimensional 0-branes in the
near-horizon regime. The theory is given in a twofold form: two-dimensional
dilaton gravity and nonlinear sigma model. Using asymptotic symmetries, duality
relations, and sigma model techniques we find that the theory has three
conformal points which correspond to (a) the asymptotic (Anti-de Sitter) region
of the two-dimensional spacetime, (b) the horizon of the black hole, and (c)
the infinite limit of the coupling parameter. We show that the conformal
symmetry is perturbatively preserved at one-loop, identify the corresponding
conformal field theories, and calculate the associated central charges.
Finally, we use the conformal field theories to explain the thermodynamical
properties of the two-dimensional black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123854 </DOCNO>
Testing Cosmic Acceleration with Type Ia Supernovae


  We discuss recent evidence for an accelerating Universe from measurements of
type Ia supernovae at high redshift, and describe tests of various systematic
effects such as extinction and evolution that could be biasing the cosmological
result. Continued observations of these objects, both over a wider wavelength
region and at higher redshift, should provide strong evidence in favor or
against the accelerating Universe hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4181 </DOCNO>
The Potts frustrated model: relations with glasses


  Similarities between fragile glasses and spin glasses (SG) suggest the study
of frustrated spin model to understand the complex dynamics of glasses above
the glass transition. We consider a frustrated spin model with Ising spins and
s-state Potts spins both with and without disorder. We study the two models by
Monte Carlo simulations in two dimensions. The Potts spins mimic orientational
degrees of freedom and the coupled frustrated Ising spins take into account for
frustrating effects like the geometrical hindrance. We show that in this model
dynamical transitions and crossovers are related to static transitions. In
particular, when disorder is present, as predicted and verified in SG, a
dynamical transition between high-temperatures exponential to low-temperatures
non-exponential correlation functions numerically coincides with the ordering
temperature of the ferromagnetic regions, i.e. the Griffiths temperature
$T_c(s)$, while a crossover between power law growth of correlation times to
Arrhenius law occurs near a Potts transition at $T_p(s)<T_c(s)$. In the model
without disorder, where $T_c(s)$ is not defined, both dynamical transition and
crossover occur at $T_p(s)$. Furthermore the static susceptibility and the
autocorrelation times of quantities depending on Potts spins diverge at
$T_p(s)$. This is reminescent of recent experimental results on glass-forming
liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74237 </DOCNO>
Large mass splittings between charged and neutral Higgs bosons in the


  We show that large ($> 100$ GeV) mass splittings between the charged Higgs
boson ($H^\pm$) and the neutral Higgs bosons ($H^0$ and $A^0$) are possible in
the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). Such splittings occur when
the $\mu$ parameter is considerably larger than the common SUSY scale,
$M_{SUSY}$, and have significant consequences for MSSM Higgs searches at future
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76304 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis at the end of hybrid inflation


  The baryon asymmetry of the universe may originate in the phase transition at
the end of hybrid inflation, provided that the reheat temperature is low
enough. I show that if the field that triggers the end of inflation is the
electroweak Higgs field and CP is violated, the transition leads to baryon
asymmetry even if no preheating or non-thermal symmetry restoration takes
place. I estimate the strength of this effect and the constraints it imposes on
the inflationary model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75578 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis via $LH_{u}$ flat direction with a gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$


  We study the supersymmetric leptogenesis via $LH_{u}$ flat direction with a
gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry. We find that the resultant baryon asymmetry is
enhanced compared with the case without a gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry. The
baryon asymmetry is proportional to the reheating temperature of inflation, but
it is independent of the gravitino mass. If high reheating temperatures of
inflation $T_{R}\sim 10^{10}\GEV$ are available, the mass of the lightest
neutrino, $m_{\nu 1}\sim 10^{-4}\EV$, is small enough to explain the baryon
asymmetry in the present universe. Furthermore, the gravitino mass independence
of the produced baryon asymmetry allows us to explain the present baryon
asymmetry even in low energy SUSY breaking scenarios such as gauge-mediation
models. Our leptogenesis scenario is also very special in the sense that it is
completely free from the serious Q-ball formation problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72972 </DOCNO>
Correlation function of ultra-high energy cosmic rays favors point


  We calculate the angular two-point correlation function of ultra-high energy
cosmic rays (UHECR) observed by AGASA and Yakutsk experiments. In both data
sets, there is a strong signal at highest energies, which is concentrated in
the first bin of the size of the angular resolution of the experiment. For the
uniform distribution of sources, the probability of a chance clustering is 4 x
10^{-6}. Correlations are absent or not significant at larger angles. This
favors the models with compact sources of UHECR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97469 </DOCNO>
Collision Orbits for a Hill's Type Problem


  We study the planar problem of two satellites attracted by a center of force.
Assuming that the center of mass of the two-satellite system is on a circular
orbit around the center of force and using Levi-Civita regularization we prove
the existence of an almost periodic orbit with an infinite number of collision
between the satellites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125449 </DOCNO>
Is Cold Dark Matter Still a Strong Buy? The Lesson from Galaxy Clusters


  For the last few years the Cold Dark Matter model (ticker: CDM), has been the
dominant theory of structure formation. We briefly review the recent
advancements and predictions of the model in the field of galaxy clusters. A
new set of very high resolution simulations of galaxy clusters show that they
have (1) density profiles with central slopes very close to -1.6 and (2)
abundance of subhalos similar to the ones observed in real clusters. These
results show a remarkably small cluster to cluster variation and a weak
dependence from the particular CDM cosmology chosen (LCDM having ~40% less
substructure than SCDM). While still a speculative theory with a high
prediction/evidence ratio, subject to strong challenges from observational data
and competition from other hierarchical theories, we give CDM a rating of
``market outperform'' and of ``long term BUY''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174766 </DOCNO>
On the close to threshold meson production in neutron-neutron collisions


  A method of measuring the close to threshold meson production in
neutron-neutron collisions is described where the momenta of the colliding
neutrons can be determined with the accuracy obtainable for the proton-proton
reaction. The technique is based on the double quasi-free nn --> nn X^0
reaction, where deuterons are used as a source of neutrons

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96094 </DOCNO>
Lie subalgebras of differential operators on the super circle


  We classify anti-involutions of Lie superalgebra $\hsd$ preserving the
principal gradation, where $\hsd$ is the central extension of the Lie
superalgebra of differential operators on the super circle $S^{1|1}$. We
clarify the relations between the corresponding subalgebras fixed by these
anti-involutions and subalgebras of $\hat{gl}_{\infty|\infty}$ of types $OSP$
and $P$. We obtain a criterion for an irreducible highest weight module over
these subalgebras to be quasifinite and construct free field realizations of a
distinguished class of these modules. We further establish dualities between
them and certain finite-dimensional classical Lie groups on Fock spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124598 </DOCNO>
The new sample of Giant radio sources: I. Radio imaging, optical


  A new sample of very large angular size radio sources has been selected from
the 1.4 GHz VLA surveys: FIRST and NVSS. This sample will be very useful for an
observational constraint on the time evolution of double radio sources,
especially their size, predicted by numerous analytical models of such
evolution (cf. Introduction). In this paper we present radio and optical data
for a large fraction of the sample sources. They are: high-frequency VLA maps
with very weak radio cores detected, deep optical images showing the identified
faint host galaxies not visible on the DSS images, and optical spectra of the
identified galaxies brighter than about R ~ 18.5 mag taken with the McDonald
Observatory 2.1m telescope. For 15 galaxies (of which 4 do not belong to the
complete sample) the redshift has been determined. In the result, 44 per cent
of galaxies in the complete sample have redshift data (with one exception all
redshifts are less than 0.33), of which 70 per cent have a linear size
exceeding 1 Mpc. The photometric redshift estimates for other 11 galaxies with
19 mag<R<21.7 mag (0.3<z<0.5) predict their sizes much over 1 Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127353 </DOCNO>
The Extragalactic Ionizing Background at Low Redshift


  We present a measurement of the mean intensity of the hydrogen-ionizing
background radiation field at low redshift using 906 Ly-alpha absorption lines
in 151 quasar spectra from the archives of the Faint Object Spectrograph on the
Hubble Space Telescope. Using a maximum likelihood technique and the best
estimates possible for each QSO's Lyman limit flux and systemic redshift, we
find J(\nu_{0})= 7.6^{+9.4}_{-3.0} x 10^{-23} ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} Hz^{-1}
sr^{-1} at 0.03 < z < 1.67. This is in good agreement with the mean intensity
expected from models of the background which incorporate only the known quasar
population. When the sample is divided into two subsamples, consisting of lines
with z < 1 and z > 1, the values of J(\nu_{0}) found are 6.5^{+38.}_{-1.6} x
10^{-23} ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} Hz^{-1} sr^{-1}, and 1.0^{+3.8}_{-0.2} x 10^{-22}
ergs s^{-1} cm^{-2} Hz^{-1} sr^{-1}, respectively, indicating that the mean
intensity of the background is evolving over the redshift range of this data
set. Relaxing the assumption that the spectral shapes of the sample spectra and
the background are identical, the best fit HI photoionization rates are found
to be 6.7 x 10^{-13} s^{-1} for all redshifts, and 1.9 x 10^{-13} s^{-1} and
1.3 x 10^{-12} s^{-1} for z < 1 and z > 1, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4001 </DOCNO>
Lattice vibrations of alpha'-NaV_2O_5 in the low-temperature phase.


  We report high resolution polarized infrared studies of the quarter-filled
spin ladder compound alpha'-NaV_2O_5 as a function of temperature (5K <= T <=
300K). Numerous new modes were detected below the temperature T_c=34K of the
phase transition into a charge ordered nonmagnetic state accompanied by a
lattice dimerization. We analyse the Brillouin zone (BZ) folding due to lattice
dimerization at T_c and show that some peculiarities of the low-temperature
vibrational spectrum come from quadruplets folded from the BZ point (1/2, 1/2,
1/4). We discuss an earlier interpretation of the 70, 107, and 133cm-1 modes as
magnetic bound states and propose the alternative interpretation as folded
phonon modes strongly interacting with charge and spin excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113812 </DOCNO>
Optical absorption in a Bose gas


  We here develop a theory on optical absorption in a dilute Bose gas at low
temperatures. This theory is motivated by the Bogoliubov theory of elementary
excitations for this system, and takes into account explicitly the modification
of the nature and dispersion of elementary excitations due to Bose-Einstein
condensation. Our results show important differences from existing theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86303 </DOCNO>
A Planck-like problem for quantum charged black holes


  Motivated by the parallelism existing between the puzzles of classical
physics at the beginning of the XXth century and the current paradoxes in the
search of a quantum theory of gravity, we give, in analogy with Planck's black
body radiation problem, a solution for the exact Hawking flux of evaporating
Reissner-Nordstrom black holes. Our results show that when back-reaction
effects are fully taken into account the standard picture of black hole
evaporation is significantly altered, thus implying a possible resolution of
the information loss problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87076 </DOCNO>
The Hamiltonian Dynamics of Bounded Spacetimes and Black Hole Entropy:


  Recently, Carlip proposed a formulation which compute the Bekenstein-Hawking
(BH) entropy for the black hole in any dimension. But it has been known that
his formulation has some technical inconsistencies although his idea has
received wide attentions. This paper address a resolution of the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123362 </DOCNO>
Multi-Epoch VLBA Observations of EGRET-Detected Quasars and BL Lac


  We present the results of a program to monitor the structure of the radio
emission in 42 $\gamma$-ray bright blazars (31 quasars and 11 BL Lac objects)
with the VLBA at 43, 22, and occasionally 15 and 8.4 GHz, over the period from
November 1993 to July 1997. We determine proper motions in 33 sources and find
that the apparent superluminal motions in $\gamma$-ray sources are much faster
than for the general population of bright compact radio sources. This follows
the strong dependence of the $\gamma$-ray flux on the level of relativistic
beaming for both external-radiation Compton and synchrotron self-Compton
emission. There is a positive correlation (correlation coefficient $r$=0.45)
between the flux density of the VLBI core and the $\gamma$-ray flux and a
moderate correlation (partial correlation coefficient $r$=0.31) between
$\gamma$-ray apparent luminosity and superluminal velocities of jet components,
as expected if the $\gamma$-ray emission originates in a very compact region of
the relativistic jet and is highly beamed. In 43% of the sources the jet bends
by more than 20$^\circ$ on parsec scales, which is consistent with
amplification by projection effects of modest actual changes in position angle.
  In 27 of the sources in the sample there is at least one non-core component
that appears to be stationary during our observations. Different
characteristics of stationary features close to and farther from the core lead
us to suggest two different classes of stationary components: those within
about 2 milliarcseconds (mas) of the core, probably associated with standing
hydrodynamical compressions, and those farther down the jet, which tend to be
associated with bends in the jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41201 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction with a Leading Proton at HERA


  The total cross section for the photoproduction process with a leading proton
in the final state has been measured at gamma p centre-of-mass energies W of
91, 181 and 231 GeV. The measured cross sections apply to the kinematic range
with the transverse momentum of the scattered proton restricted to p_Tproton <=
0.2 GeV and 0.68 <= z <= 0.88, where z = E_p'/E_p is the scattered proton
energy normalised to the beam energy. The cross section dsigma_(gamma p ->
Xp')(W,z)/dz is observed to be independent of W and z within the measurement
errors and amounts to 8.05 +- 0.06 stat +- 0.89 syst mub on average. The data
are well described by a Triple Regge model in which the process is mediated by
a mixture of exchanges with an effective Regge trajectory of intercept
alpha_i(0)=0.33 +- 0.04 stat +- 0.04 syst. The total cross section for the
interaction of the photon with this mixture (gamma alpha_i -> X) can be
described by an effective trajectory of intercept alpha_k(0)=0.99 +- 0.01 stat
+- 0.05 syst. Predictions based on previous triple Regge analyses of pp-> pX
data assuming vertex factorisation are broadly consistent with the gamma p
data. The measured cross sections are compared with deep inelastic scattering
leading proton data in the same region of z and pT_proton for photon virtuality
Q^2 > 2.5 GeV^2. The ratio of the cross section for leading proton production
to the total cross section is found to rise with Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129207 </DOCNO>
A non-linear theory of vertical resonances in accretion discs


  An important and widely neglected aspect of the interaction between an
accretion disc and a massive companion with a coplanar orbit is the vertical
component of the tidal force. As shown by Lubow, the response of the disc to
vertical forcing is resonant at certain radii, at which a localized torque is
exerted, and from which a compressive wave (p mode) may be emitted. Although
these vertical resonances are weaker than the corresponding Lindblad
resonances, the m=2 inner vertical resonance in a binary star is typically
located within the tidal truncation radius of a circumstellar disc.
  In this paper I develop a general theory of vertical resonances, allowing for
non-linearity of the response, and dissipation by radiative damping and
turbulent viscosity. The problem is reduced to a universal, non-linear ordinary
differential equation with two real parameters. Solutions of the complex
non-linear Airy equation are presented to illustrate the non-linear saturation
of the resonance and the effects of dissipation. It is argued that the m=2
inner vertical resonance is unlikely to truncate the disc in cataclysmic
variable stars, but contributes to angular momentum transport and produces a
potentially observable non-axisymmetric structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86897 </DOCNO>
Radiation-balanced simulations for binary inspiral


  The late stage of the inspiral of two black holes may have important
non-Newtonian effects that are unrelated to radiation reaction. To understand
these effects we approximate a slowly inspiralling binary by a stationary
solution to Einstein's equations in which the holes orbit eternally. Radiation
reaction is nullified by specifying a boundary condition at infinity containing
equal amounts of ingoing and outgoing radiation. The computational problem is
then converted from an evolution problem with initial data to a boundary value
problem. In addition to providing an approximate inspiral waveform via
extraction of the outgoing modes, our approximation can give alternative
initial data for numerical relativity evolution. We report results on
simplified models and on progress in building 3D numerical solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98080 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing and Shor`s Factoring Algorithm


  Lectures on quantum computing. Contents: Algorithms. Quantum circuits.
Quantum Fourier transform. Elements of number theory. Modular exponentiation.
Shor`s algorithm for finding the order. Computational complexity of Schor`s
algorithm. Factoring integers. NP-complete problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169391 </DOCNO>
Numerical simulation of interference experiments in a local hidden


  We present a theoretical model which allows to keep track of all photons in
an interferometer. The model is implemented in a numerical scheme, and we
simulate photon interference measurements on one, two, four, and eight slits.
Measurements are simulated for the high intensity regime, where we show that
our simulations describe all experimental results so far. With a slightly
modified concept we can also model interference experiments in the low
intensity regime, these experiments have recently been performed with single
molecules. Finally, we predict the result of polarization measurements, which
allow to check the model experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126352 </DOCNO>
The Structure of Dark Matter Halos in an Annihilating Dark Matter Model


  The inability of standard non-interacting cold dark matter (CDM) to account
for the small scale structure of individual galaxies has led to the suggestion
that the dark matter may undergo elastic and/or inelastic scattering. We
simulate the evolution of an isolated dark matter halo which undergoes both
scattering and annihilation. Annihilations produce a core that grows with time
due to adiabatic expansion of the core as the relativistic annihilation
products flow out of the core, lessening the binding energy. An effective
annihilation cross section per unit mass equal to $>.03 cm^2 g^{-1} (100 km
s^{-1}/v$) with a scattering cross section per unit mass of .6 cm g$^{-1}$
produces a 3 kpc core in a 10$^{10}$ M$_{\sun}$ halo that persists for 100
dynamical times. The same cross section leads to a core of only 120 pc in a
rich cluster. In addition to creating to cores, annihilation should erase
structure on scales below $\sim 3\times10^8$ M$_{\sun}$. Annihilating dark
matter provides a mechanism for solving some of the problems of non-interacting
CDM, at the expense of introducing a contrived particle physics model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76878 </DOCNO>
Solar Neutrinos with Magnetic Moment: Rates and Global Analysis


  A statistical analysis of the solar neutrino data is presented assuming the
solar neutrino deficit to be resolved by the resonant interaction of the
neutrino magnetic moment with the solar magnetic field. Four field profiles are
investigated, all exhibiting a rapid increase across the bottom of the
convective zone, one of them closely following the requirements from recent
solar physics investigations. First a 'rates only' analysis is performed whose
best fits appear to be remarkably better than all fits from oscillations. A
global analysis then follows with the corresponding best fits of a comparable
quality to the LMA one. Despite the fact that the resonant spin flavour
precession does not predict any day/night effect, the separate SuperKamiokande
day and night data are included in the analysis in order to allow for a direct
comparison with oscillation scenarios. Remarkably enough, the best fit for
rates and global analysis which is compatible with most astrophysical bounds on
the neutrino magnetic moment is obtained from the profile which most closely
follows solar physics requirements. Allowing for a peak field value of
$3\times10^5G$, it is found in this case that $\Delta
m^2_{21}=1.45\times10^{-8}eV^2$, $\mu_{\nu}=3.2\times10^{-12}\mu_{B}$ (65%CL).
The new forthcoming experiments on solar neutrino physics (Kamland and
Borexino) will be essential to ascertain whether this fact is incidental or
essential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123558 </DOCNO>
The Scaling of the Redshift Power Spectrum: Observations from the Las


  In a recent paper we have studied the redshift power spectrum $P^S(k,\mu)$ in
three CDM models with the help of high resolution simulations. Here we apply
the method to the largest available redshift survey, the Las Campanas Redshift
Survey (LCRS). The basic model is to express $P^S(k,\mu)$ as a product of three
factors P^S(k,\mu)=P^R(k)(1+\beta\mu^2)^2 D(k,\mu). Here $\mu$ is the cosine of
the angle between the wave vector and the line of sight. The damping function
$D$ for the range of scales accessible to an accurate analysis of the LCRS is
well approximated by the Lorentz factor D=[1+{1\over
2}(k\mu\sigma_{12})^2]^{-1}. We have investigated different values for $\beta$
($\beta=0.4$, 0.5, 0.6), and measured $P^R(k)$ and $\sigma_{12}(k)$ from
$P^S(k,\mu)$ for different values of $\mu$. The velocity dispersion
$\sigma_{12}(k)$ is nearly a constant from $k=0.5$ to 3 $\mpci$. The average
value for this range is $510\pm 70 \kms$. The power spectrum $P^R(k)$ decreases
with $k$ approximately with $k^{-1.7}$ for $k$ between 0.1 and 4 $\mpci$. The
statistical significance of the results, and the error bars, are found with the
help of mock samples constructed from a large set of high resolution
simulations. A flat, low-density ($\Omega_0=0.2$) CDM model can give a good fit
to the data, if a scale-dependent special bias scheme is used which we have
called the cluster-under-weighted bias (Jing et al.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127746 </DOCNO>
An XMM-Newton observation of the extreme Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy,


  We present XMM-Newton observations of Mrk 359, the first Narrow Line Seyfert
1 galaxy discovered. Even among NLS1s, Mrk 359 is an extreme case with
extraordinarily narrow optical emission lines. The XMM-Newton data show that
Mrk 359 has a significant soft X-ray excess which displays only weak absorption
and emission features. The (2-10) keV continuum, including reflection, is
flatter than the typical NLS1, with Gamma approximately 1.84. A strong emission
line of equivalent width approximately 200 eV is also observed, centred near
6.4 keV. We fit this emission with two line components of approximately equal
strength: a broad iron-line from an accretion disc and a narrow, unresolved
core. The unresolved line core has an equivalent width of approximately 120 eV
and is consistent with fluorescence from neutral iron in distant reprocessing
gas, possibly in the form of a `molecular torus'. Comparison of the narrow-line
strengths in Mrk 359 and other low-moderate luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxies with
those in QSOs suggests that the solid angle subtended by the distant
reprocessing gas decreases with increasing AGN luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98657 </DOCNO>
Amenability and the bicrossed product construction


  We study stability properties of amenable locally compact quantum groups
under the bicrossed product construction. We obtain as our main result an
equivalence between amenability of the bicrossed product and amenability of the
matched quantum groups used as building ingredients of the bicrossed product.
Finally, we give examples of non-amenable locally compact quantum groups
obtained by a bicrossed product construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168399 </DOCNO>
Generation of two-mode nonclassical motional states and a Fredkin gate


  We present an efficient scheme to generate two-mode SU(2) macroscopic quantum
superposition (Schr\"odinger cat) states, entangled number states and entangled
coherent states for the vibrational motion of an ion trapped in a
two-dimensional harmonic potential well. We also show that the same scheme can
be used to realize a Fredkin gate operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6714 </DOCNO>
Persistence of the vortex phase in a rapidly rotating Bose condensed gas


  We show that the cores of vortices in a rotating dilute Bose condensed gas
adjust in radius as the rotation velocity, $\Omega$, grows, thus precluding a
phase transition associated with core overlap at high vortex density. In both a
harmonic trap and a rotating hard-walled bucket, the core size approaches a
limiting fraction of the intervortex spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85964 </DOCNO>
Spherical collapse of supermassive stars: neutrino emission and


  We present the results of numerical simulations of the spherically symmetric
gravitational collapse of supermassive stars (SMS). The collapse is studied
using a general relativistic hydrodynamics code. The coupled system of Einstein
and fluid equations is solved employing observer time coordinates, by foliating
the spacetime by means of outgoing null hypersurfaces. The code contains an
equation of state which includes effects due to radiation, electrons and
baryons, and detailed microphysics to account for electron-positron pairs. In
addition energy losses by thermal neutrino emission are included. We are able
to follow the collapse of SMS from the onset of instability up to the point of
black hole formation. Several SMS with masses in the range $5\times 10^5
M_{\odot}- 10^9 M_{\odot}$ are simulated. In all models an apparent horizon
forms initially, enclosing the innermost 25% of the stellar mass. From the
computed neutrino luminosities, estimates of the energy deposition by
$\nu\bar{\nu}$-annihilation are obtained. Only a small fraction of this energy
is deposited near the surface of the star, where, as proposed recently by
Fuller & Shi (1998), it could cause the ultrarelativistic flow believed to be
responsible for $\gamma$-ray bursts. Our simulations show that for collapsing
SMS with masses larger than $5\times 10^5 M_{\odot}$ the energy deposition is
at least two orders of magnitude too small to explain the energetics of
observed long-duration bursts at cosmological redshifts. In addition, in the
absence of rotational effects the energy is deposited in a region containing
most of the stellar mass. Therefore relativistic ejection of matter is
impossible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5583 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in Multiple Interface Geometry: Applicability of


  The method of two-point quasiclassical Green's function is reviewed and its
applicability for description of multiple reflections/transmissions in layered
structures is discussed. The Green's function of a sandwich built of
superconducting layers with a semi-transparent interface is found with the help
of recently suggested quasiclassical method [A. Shelankov, and M. Ozana, Phys.
Rev. B 61, 7077 (2000)], as well as exactly, from the Gor'kov equation. By the
comparison of the results of the two approaches, the validity of the
quasiclassical method for the description of real (non-integrable) systems is
confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95874 </DOCNO>
The movable fan of the Horrocks-Mumford quintic


  This paper explores the birational geometry of a general Horrocks-Mumford
quintic threefold, describing the set of all minimal models up to marked
isomorphism, the movable fan (the way in which the nef cones of all these
models are arranged to form the movable cone), and the birational automorphism
group. There are infinitely many models up to marked isomorphism, falling into
just eight (unmarked-) isomorphism classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148543 </DOCNO>
Trapping of Nonabelian Gauge Fields on a Brane


  We show that as in abelian gauge fields, nonabelian gauge fields are also
trapped on a brane in the Randall-Sundrum model by applying a new mechanism
based on topological Higgs mechanism. It is pointed out that although almost
massless gauge fields are localized on the brane by the new mechanism, exactly
massless gauge fields are not localized. This fact does not yield any problem
to abelian gauge fields, but may give some problem to nonabelian gauge fields
since it is known that there is a discontinuity between massless and massive
gauge fields in the case of nonabelian gauge groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174763 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic normalization coefficient of ^{8}B from breakup reactions and


  We show that asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANC) can be extracted
from one nucleon breakup reactions of loosely bound nuclei at 30-300 MeV/u. In
particular, the breakup of ^{8}B is described in terms of an extended Glauber
model. The 8B ANC extracted for the ground state of this nucleus from breakup
data at several energies and on different targets, C^2 = 0.450+/-0.039} fm^-1,
leads to the astrophysical factor S_{17}(0)= 17.4+/-1.5 eVb for the key
reaction for solar neutrino production 7Be(p,gamma)8B. The procedure described
here is more general, providing an indirect method to determine reaction rates
of astrophysical interest with beams of loosely bound radioactive nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97747 </DOCNO>
Ricci flow on K\"ahler-Einstein manifolds


  In our previous paper math.DG/0010008, we develop some new techniques in
attacking the convergence problems for the K\"ahler Ricci flow. The one of main
ideas is to find a set of new functionals on curvature tensors such that the
Ricci flow is the gradient like flow of these functionals. We successfully find
such functionals in case of Kaehler manifolds. On K\"ahler-Einstein manifold
with positive scalar curvature, if the initial metric has positive bisectional
curvature, we prove that these functionals have a uniform lower bound, via the
effective use of Tian's inequality. Consequently, we prove the following
theorem: Let $M$ be a K\"ahler-Einstein manifold with positive scalar
curvature. If the initial metric has nonnegative bisectional curvature and
positive at least at one point, then the K\"ahler Ricci flow will converge
exponentially fast to a K\"ahler-Einstein metric with constant bisectional
curvature. Such a result holds for K\"ahler-Einstein orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85671 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Configurations with Total Entropy Less than A/4


  If one surrounds a black hole with a perfectly reflecting shell and
adiabatically squeezes the shell inward, one can increase the black hole area A
to exceed four times the total entropy S, which stays fixed during the process.
A can be made to exceed 4S by a factor of order unity before the one enters the
Planck regime where the semiclassical approximation breaks down. One
interpretation is that the black hole entropy resides in its thermal
atmosphere, and the shell restricts the atmosphere so that its entropy is less
than A/4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126133 </DOCNO>
Deep ROSAT-HRI observation of the elliptical galaxy NGC 1399


  We present the preliminary results of a deep (167 ks) ROSAT HRI observation
of the cD galaxy NGC1399 in the Fornax cluster. We find, in agreement with
previous observations, an extended (41 Kpc adopting a distance of 19 Mpc)
gaseous halo with a luminosity of L_X=(4.41\pm 0.04)x10^{41} erg/s. The 5
arcsec resolution of the data allows us to detect a very complex and asymmetric
structure of the halo with respect to the optical galaxy. Moreover the analysis
of the radial structure reveals the presence of a multi-component profile not
consistent with a simple King model over the whole 40 Kpc. We do not detect the
presence of a central source and pose an upper limit to the luminosity of a
possible active nucleus. Due to the length of the observation, comparable to
that of a deep survey, we detect a large number of sources within the HRI FOV,
in slight excess with respect to the estimates based on previous surveys. We
study the flux distribution of the sources, their temporal behaviour and their
spatial distribution with respect to the central galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149533 </DOCNO>
Construction of Low-Energy Effective Action in N=4 Super Yang-Mills


  We review a recent progress in constructing low-energy effective action in
N=4 super Yang-Mills theories. Using harmonic superspace approach we consider
N=4 SYM in terms of unconstrained N=2 superfield and apply N=2 background field
method to finding effective action for N=4 SU(n) SYM broken down to U(1)^(n-1).
General structure of leading low-energy corrections to effective action is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127671 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of Galaxy Cluster Abell 2218


  We present results from two observations (combined exposure of ~17 ks) of
galaxy cluster A2218 using the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer on board the
Chandra X-ray Observatory that were taken on October 19, 1999. Using a
Raymond-Smith single temperature plasma model corrected for galactic absorption
we find a mean cluster temperature of kT = 6.9+/-0.5 keV, metallicity of
0.20+/-0.13 (errors are 90 % CL) and rest-frame luminosity in the 2-10 keV
energy band of 6.2x10^{44} erg/s in a LambdaCDM cosmology with H_0=65 km/s/Mpc.
The brightness distribution within 4'.2 of the cluster center is well fit by a
simple spherical beta model with core radius 66".4 and beta = 0.705 . High
resolution Chandra data of the inner 2' of the cluster show the x-ray
brightness centroid displaced ~22" from the dominant cD galaxy and the presence
of azimuthally asymmetric temperature variations along the direction of the
cluster mass elongation. X-ray and weak lensing mass estimates are in good
agreement for the outer parts (r > 200h^{-1}) of the cluster; however, in the
core the observed temperature distribution cannot reconcile the x-ray and
strong lensing mass estimates in any model in which the intracluster gas is in
thermal hydrostatic equilibrium. Our x-ray data are consistent with a scenario
in which recent merger activity in A2218 has produced both significant
non-thermal pressure in the core and substructure along the line of sight; each
of these phenomena probably contributes to the difference between lensing and
x-ray core mass estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41773 </DOCNO>
Flavour asymmetry of anti-quarks in nuclei


  A novel nuclear effect on the flavour asymmetry of anti-quarks in the nucleon
bound in a nucleus is discussed in terms of the meson cloud model and the Pauli
exclusion principle. It is expected that the flavour asymmetry is enhanced in a
nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149218 </DOCNO>
A-infinity structure and superpotentials


  A-infinity algebras and categories are known to be the algebraic structures
behind open string field theories. In this note we comment on the relevance of
the homology construction of A-infinity categories to superpotentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124172 </DOCNO>
A Cepheid is No More: Hubble's Variable 19 in M33


  We report on the remarkable evolution in the light curve of a variable star
discovered by Hubble (1926) in M33 and classified by him as a Cepheid. Early in
the 20th century, the variable, designated as V19, exhibited a 54.7 day period,
an intensity-weighted mean B magnitude of 19.59+/-0.23 mag, and a B amplitude
of 1.1 mag. Its position in the P-L plane was consistent with the relation
derived by Hubble from a total of 35 variables. Modern observations by the
DIRECT project show a dramatic change in the properties of V19: its mean B
magnitude has risen to 19.08 +/- 0.05 mag and its B amplitude has decreased to
less than 0.1 mag. V19 does not appear to be a classical (Population I) Cepheid
variable at present, and its nature remains a mystery. It is not clear how
frequent such objects are nor how often they could be mistaken for classical
Cepheids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3962 </DOCNO>
Pairing symmetry transitions in the even-denominator FQHE system


  Transitions from a paired quantum Hall state to another quantum Hall state in
bilayer systems are discussed in the framework of the edge theory. Starting
from the edge theory for the Haldane-Rezayi state, it is shown that the
charging effect of a bilayer system which breaks the SU(2) symmetry of the
pseudo-spin shifts the central charge and the conformal dimensions of the
fermionic fields which describe the pseudo-spin sector in the edge theory. This
corresponds to the transition from Haldane-Rezayi state to Halperin's 331
state, or singlet d-wave to triplet p-wave ABM type paired state in the
composite fermion picture.
 Considering interlayer tunneling, the tunneling rate-capacitance phase diagram
for the $\nu=5/2$ paired bilayer system is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3803 </DOCNO>
Production of ordered silicon nanocrystals by low-energy ion sputtering


  We report on the production of ordered assemblies of silicon nanostructures
by means of irradiation of a Si(100) substrate with 1.2 keV Ar ions at normal
incidence. Atomic Force and High-Resolution Transmission Electron microscopies
show that the silicon structures are crystalline, display homogeneous height,
and spontaneously arrange into short-range hexagonal ordering. Under prolonged
irradiation (up to 16 hours) all dot characteristics remain largely unchanged
and a small corrugation develops at long wavelengths. We interpret the
formation of the dots as a result of an instability due to the sputtering yield
dependence on the local surface curvature

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1296 </DOCNO>
Correlation of tunneling spectra with surface nano-morphology and doping


  Tunneling spectra measured on thin epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-delta films are found
to exhibit strong spatial variations, showing U and V-shaped gaps as well as
zero bias conductance peaks typical of a d-wave superconductor. A full
correspondence is found between the tunneling spectra and the surface
morphology down to a level of a unit-cell step. Splitting of the zero bias
conductance peak is seen in optimally-doped and overdoped films, but not in the
underdoped ones, suggesting that there is no transition to a state of broken
time reversal symmetry in the underdoped regime

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87137 </DOCNO>
On rotating regular nonabelian solutions


  A general relation for the total angular momentum of a regular solution of
the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs equations is derived. Two different physical
configurations, rotating dyons and rotating magnetic dipoles are discussed as
particular cases. The issue of rotating pure Einstein-Yang-Mills regular
solutions is addressed as well. Based on the results, we conjecture the absence
of rotating regular solitons with a net magnetic charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174788 </DOCNO>
Singlet and Triplet Differential Cross Sections for pp-> pp pi^0


  The singlet and triplet differential cross sections for pp-> pp pi^0 have
been estimated for the first time at 325, 350, 375 and 400 MeV using the
results of the recent experimental measurements [Phys. Rev. C 63, 064002
(2001)] of Meyer et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5155 </DOCNO>
Unusual kondo behavior in the indium-rich heavy fermion antiferromagnet


  We report the thermodynamic, magnetic, and electronic transport properties of
the new ternary intermetallic system (Ce,La)3Pt4In13. Ce3Pt4In13 orders
antiferromagnetically at 0.95 K while the non-magnetic compound La3Pt4In13 is a
conventional 3.3 K superconductor. Kondo lattice effects appear to limit the
entropy associated with the Neel transition to (1/4)Rln2 as an electronic
contribution to the specific heat of gamma = 1 J/mole-Ce K2 is observed at TN;
roughly 35% of this gamma survives the ordering transition. Hall effect,
thermoelectric power, and ambient-pressure resistivity measurements confirm
this interpretation. These results suggest that RKKY and Kondo interactions are
closely balanced in this compound (TN = TK). Contrary to expectations based on
the Doniach Kondo necklace model, applied hydrostatic pressure modestly
enhances the magnetic ordering temperature with dTN/dP = +23 mK/kbar. As such
Ce3Pt4In13 provides a counterexample to Kondo systems with similar Kondo and
RKKY energy scales wherein applied pressure enhances TK at the expense of the
ordered magnetic state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97425 </DOCNO>
Generalized functions valued in a smooth manifold


  Based on Colombeau's theory of algebras of generalized functions we introduce
the concepts of generalized functions taking values in differentiable manifolds
as well as of generalized vector bundle homomorphisms. We study their basic
properties, in particular with respect to some new point value concepts for
generalized functions and indicate applications of the resulting theory in
general relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75494 </DOCNO>
Assisted Inflation in Randall-Sundrum Scenario


  We extend the Randall-Sundrum(RS) model by adding a fundamental scalar field
in the bulk, then study the multi-field assisted inflationary solution on
brane. We will show that this model satisfies not only the observation, but
also provides a solution to hierarchy problem. Furthermore in comparison with
the chaotic inflation model with a single field in four space-time dimension,
the parameters in our model required for a successful inflation are natural.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7486 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Rectifiers Based on Ballistic Transport: Playing off


  Recent experiments on symmetry-broken mesoscopic semiconductor structures
have exhibited an amazing rectifying effect in the transverse current-voltage
characteristics with promising prospects for future applications. We present a
simple microscopic model, which takes into account the energy dependence of
current-carrying modes and explains the rectifying effect by an interplay of
fully quantized and quasi-classical transport channels in the system. It also
suggests the design of a ballistic rectifier with an optimized rectifying
signal and predicts voltage oscillations which may provide an experimental test
for the mechanism considered here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74743 </DOCNO>
Scaling in $\gamma^* p$ total cross sections, saturation and the gluon


  Including the new HERA data, the $\gamma^* p$ total cross section is analysed
in the generalized vector dominance/colour-dipole picture (GVD/CDP) that
contains scaling in $\eta = (Q^2 + m^2_0) / \Lambda^2 (W^2)$, where $\Lambda^2
(W^2)$ is an increasing function of $W^2$.
  At any $Q^2$, for $W^2 \to \infty$, the cross sections for virtual and real
photons become identical, $\sigma_{\gamma^* p} (W^2, Q^2) / \sigma_{\gamma p}
(W^2) \to 1$. The gluon density deduced from the colour-dipole cross section
fulfills the leading order DGLAP relationship. Evolution \`a la DGLAP breaks
down for $\eta \lsim 0.1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149962 </DOCNO>
M-Theory on Seven Manifolds with G-fluxes


  We compactify M-theory on seven-manifolds with a warp-factor and G-fluxes on
the internal space. Because of non-zero G-fluxes, we are forced to adopt a
Majorana supersymmetry spinor ansatz which does not have the usual direct
product structure of two lower dimensional Majorana spinors. For the spinor
ansatz that we choose, we find that supersymmetry puts strong constraints on
the internal space namely that it must be conformal to a Ricci-flat
seven-manifold of the form $X^7= X^6 \times X^1$. The holonomy of $X^6$ must be
larger than 1 if the warp-factor is to be non-trivial. The warp-factor depends
only on the $X^1$ direction and is singular. We argue that to avoid this
singularity one has to embed this solution in a Horava-Witten setup and thus
has natural links to much studied brane-world scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2202 </DOCNO>
Millikelvin magnetic relaxation measurements of alpha-Fe2O3


  In this paper we report magnetic relaxation data for antiferromagnetic
alpha-Fe2O3 particles of 5 nm mean diameter in the temperature range 0.1 K to
25 K. The average spin value of these particles S=124 and the uniaxial
anisotropy constant D=1.6x10^-2 K have been estimated from the experimental
values of the blocking temperature and anisotropy field. The observed plateau
in the magnetic viscosity from 3 K down to 100 mK agrees with the occurrence of
spin tunneling from the ground state Sz = S. However, the scaling M vs Tln(nu
t) is broken below 5 K, suggesting the occurrence of tunneling from excited
states below this temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73958 </DOCNO>
External Inversion, Internal Inversion, and Reflection Invariance


  Having in mind that physical systems have different levels of structure we
develop the concept of external, internal and total improper Lorentz
transformation (space inversion and time reversal). A particle obtained from
the ordinary one by the application of internal space inversion or time
reversal is generally a different particle. From this point of view the
intrinsic parity of a nuclear particle (`elementary particle') is in fact the
external intrinsic parity, if we take into account the internal structure of a
particle. We show that non-conservation of the external parity does not
necessarily imply non-invariance of nature under space inversion. The
conventional theory of beta-decay can be corrected by including the internal
degrees of freedom to become invariant under total space inversion, though not
under the external one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98807 </DOCNO>
Y(so(5)) symmtry of the nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger model with


  The quantum nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger(NLS) model with four-component
fermions exhibits a $Y(so(5))$ symmetry when considered on an infintite
interval. The constructed generators of Yangian are proved to satisfy the
Drinfel'd formula and furthermore, the $RTT$ relation with the general form of
rational R-matrix given by Yang-Baxterization associated with $so(5)$ algebraic
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2752 </DOCNO>
Electronic states, Mott localization, electron-lattice coupling, and


  We discuss physical properties of strongly correlated electron states for a
linear chain obtained with the help of the recently proposed new method
combining the exact diagonalization in the Fock space with an ab initio
readjustment of the single-particle orbitals in the correlated state. The
method extends the current discussion of the correlated states since the
properties are obtained with varying lattice spacing. The finite system of N
atoms evolves with the increasing interatomic distance from a Fermi-liquid-like
state into the Mott insulator. The criteria of the localization are discussed
in detail since the results are already convergent for N>=8. During this
process the Fermi-Dirac distribution gets smeared out, the effective band mass
increases by ~50%, and the spin-spin correlation functions reduce to those for
the Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Values of the microscopic parameters such as
the hopping and the kinetic-exchange integrals, as well as the magnitude of
both intra- and inter-atomic Coulomb and exchange interactions are calculated.
We also determine the values of various local electron-lattice couplings and
show that they are comparable to the kinetic exchange contribution in the
strong-correlation limit. The magnitudes of the dimerization and the zero-point
motion are also discussed. Our results provide a canonical example of a
tractable strongly correlated system with a precise, first-principle
description as a function of interatomic distance of a model system involving
all hopping integrals, all pair-site interactions, and the exact one-band
Wannier functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74407 </DOCNO>
Parton Energy Loss with Detailed Balance


  Stimulated gluon emission and thermal absorption in addition to induced
radiation are considered for an energetic parton propagating inside a quark-
gluon plasma. In the presence of thermal gluons, stimulated emission reduces
while absorption increases the parton's energy. The net effect is a reduction
of the parton energy loss. Though decreasing asymptotically as $T/E$ with the
parton energy, the relative reduction is found to be important for intermediate
energies. The modified energy dependence of the energy loss will affect the
shape of suppression of moderately high $p_T$ hadrons due to jet quenching in
high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124066 </DOCNO>
Observations of radio galaxy MRC 1138-262: merging galaxies embedded in


  The radio galaxy MRC 1138-262 at z=2.16 is most likely a brightest cluster
galaxy in an early stage of evolution. Here we present observations of the
luminous emission line halo and the stellar components of this radio galaxy.
Optical narrow band imaging shows a very extended (about 160 kpc) and luminous
Lyman alpha halo. Infrared narrow band imaging reveals a much smaller H alpha
halo with a very different morphology. We advocate a model in which the inner
part of the halo is photoionized by direct AGN illumination or by UV photons
from young stars. Far from the nucleus (about 25 kpc), there is a region of
greatly enhanced Lyman alpha emission. At this location, it is likely that
shock ionization is important as indicated by a bend in the radio jet.
Spectroscopy of several continuum clumps in the halo shows that, although there
are striking differences between the emission and absorption features of the
spectra of various regions, they have properties similar to those of
Lyman-break galaxies. This is further evidence for a scenario in which massive
galaxies form hierarchically from smaller building blocks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75012 </DOCNO>
CP Violation Search in $\tau\to \pi\pi^0\nu_{\tau}$ Decays


  Using a sample of 12.2 million $\tau$-lepton pairs produced by $e^+e^-$
annihilation at $\sqrt{s}\sim 10.6 $GeV and collected by the CLEO detector, we
search for and set limits on CP violation in $\tau$-lepton decays. For each
event, we require that both $\tau$-leptons decay via the mode $\tau\ra
\pi\pi^0\nu$. The search is performed within the context of a multi-Higgs
Doublet Model and the imaginary part of the coupling constant parameterizing
the non-Standard Model diagram leading to CP violation is constrained to be
$-0.046 < \Im{(\Lambda}) < 0.022$ at 90% CL. The novel search technique is of
general utility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128323 </DOCNO>
1998 Superoutburst of the Large-Amplitude SU UMa-Type Dwarf Nova WX Ceti


  We observed the 1998 November superoutburst of WX Cet, a dwarf nova
originally proposed as a WZ Sge-like system. The observation established that
WX Cet is an SU UMa-type dwarf nova with a mean superhump period of 0.05949(1)
d, which is 2.1% longer than the reported orbital period. The lack of early
superhumps at the earliest stage of the superoutburst, the rapid development of
usual superhumps, and the possible rapid decay of late superhumps seem to
support that WX Cet is a fairly normal large-amplitude SU UMa-type dwarf nova,
rather than a WZ Sge-type dwarf nova with a number of peculiarities. However, a
period increase of superhumps at a rate dot(P)/P = (+8.5+/-1.0) x 10^-5 was
observed, which is one of the largest dot(P)/P ever observed in SU UMa-type
dwarf novae. A linear decline of light, with a rate of 0.10 mag/d, was observed
in the post-superoutburst stage. This may be an exemplification of the decay of
the viscosity in the accretion disk after the termination of a superoutburst,
mechanism of which is proposed to explain a variety of post-superoutburst
phenomena in some SU UMa-type dwarf novae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5447 </DOCNO>
Density of proper delay times in chaotic and integrable quantum


  We calculate the density P(\tau) of the eigenvalues of the Wigner-Smith time
delay matrix for two-dimensional rectangular and circular billiards with one
opening. For long times, the density of these so-called "proper delay times"
decays algebraically, in contradistinction to chaotic quantum billiards for
which P(\tau) exhibits a long-time cut-off.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97987 </DOCNO>
Elliptic solitons and Heun's equation


  We find a new class of algebraic geometric solutions of Heun's equation with
the accessory parameter belonging to a hyperelliptic curve. Dependence of these
solutions from the accessory parameter as well as their relation to Heun's
polynomials is studied. Methods of calculating the algebraic genus of the
curve, and its branching points, are suggested. Monodromy group is considered.
Numerous examples are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129620 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Glitch Behaviour and AXPs, SGRs and DTNs


  Large pulsar glitches seem to be common to all radio pulsars and to exhibit a
universal behaviour connecting the rate of occurrence, event size and
interglitch relaxation that can be explained if the glitches are due to angular
momentum exchange in the neutron star. This has implications for the energy
dissipation rate. The large timing excursions observed in SGRs are not similar
to the pulsar glitches. The one glitch observed in an AXP is very similar to
pulsar glitches and demonstrates that typical neutron star glitch response
occurs when the external torque is constant for an extended period of time. In
the long run the timing variations of both the AXPs and the SGRs are much
stronger than the timing noise of radio pulsars but comparable with the
behaviour of accreting sources. For the DTNs, the thermal luminosities do not
seem compatible with cooling ages and statistics if these sources are
magnetars. The energy dissipation rates implied by the dynamical behaviour of
glitching pulsars will provide the luminosities of the DTNs under propeller
spindown torques supplied by fossil disks on neutron stars with conventional
10$^{12}$ G dipole magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97768 </DOCNO>
Hooks and powers of parts in partitions


  This paper shows that the number of hooks of length k contained in all
partitions of n equals k times the number of parts of length k in all
partitions of n. It contains also formulas for the moments (under uniform
distribution) of k-th parts in partitions of n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149814 </DOCNO>
One-loop Effective Actions in Shape-invariant Scalar Backgrounds


  The field-theoretic one-loop effective action in a static scalar background
depending nontrivially on a single spatial coordinate is related, in the
proper-time formalism, to the trace of the evolution kernel (or heat kernel)
for an appropriate, one dimensional, quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian. We
describe a recursive procedure applicable to these traces for shape-invariant
Hamiltonians, resolving subtleties from the continuum mode contributions by
utilizing the expression for the regularized Witten index. For some cases which
include those of domain-wall-type scalar backgrounds, our recursive procedure
yields the full expression for the scalar or fermion one-loop effective action
in both (1+1) and (3+1)-dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125079 </DOCNO>
Variable H-alpha Line Emission from the Central Star of the Helix Nebula


  The central star of the Helix Nebula is a hot white dwarf with unexpected
hard X-ray emission. With an effective temperature of ~100,000 K, the star is a
powerful source of H-ionizing radiation; the atmosphere of a stellar or
planetary companion, if present, will be ionized and emit recombination lines.
To probe the origin of hard X-ray emission from the Helix Nebula's central
star, we have obtained multi-epoch high-dispersion spectra of the star, and
found temporal variation in the H-alpha line profile over a time span of one
week. The observed width and strength of the variable H-alpha emission
component are consistent with the hypothesized dMe companion proposed to
explain the hard X-ray emission. A dMe companion, however, cannot explain the
possible detection of variable HeII and [NII] emission. Follow-up spectroscopic
monitoring of the Helix Nebula central star is needed to better establish the
identification of the spectral lines and their temporal behavior in order to
determine the origin of the optical variability and hard X-ray emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99023 </DOCNO>
The Legendrian satellite construction


  We examine the Legendrian analogue of the topological satellite construction
for knots, and deduce some results for specific Legendrian knots and links in
standard contact three-space and the solid torus. In particular, we show that
the Chekanov-Eliashberg contact homology invariants of Legendrian Whitehead
doubles of stabilized knots contain no nonclassical information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85729 </DOCNO>
Initial condition of a thick loop cosmic string and linear perturbations


  The initial data of the gravitational field produced by a loop thick string
is considered. We show that a thick loop is not a geodesic on the initial
hypersurface, while a loop conical singularity is. This suggests that there is
the ``{\it critical thickness}'' of a string, at which the linear perturbation
theory with a flat space background fails to describe the gravity of a loop
cosmic string. Using the above initial data, we also show that the linear
perturbation around flat space is plausible if the string thickness is larger
than $\sim5\times10^{-3}a$, where $a$ is the curvature radius of the loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126474 </DOCNO>
Submillimeter CO Line Emission from Orion


  Images of an 8 square minute region around the Orion KL source have been made
in the J=7-6 (806 GHz) and J=4-3 (461 GHz) lines of CO with angular resolutions
of 13" and 18". These data were taken employing on-the-fly mapping and position
switching techniques. Our J=7-6 data set is the largest image of Orion with the
highest sensitivity and resolution obtained so far in this line. Most of the
extended emission arises from a Photon Dominated Region (PDR), but 8% is
associated with the Orion ridge. For the prominent Orion KL outflow, we
produced ratios of the integrated intensities of our J=7-6 and 4-3 data to the
J=2-1 line of CO. Large Velocity Gradient (LVG) models fit the outflow ratios
better than PDR models. The LVG models give H_2 densities of ~10^5 per ccm. The
CO outflow is probably heated by shocks. In the Orion S outflow, the CO line
intensities are lower than for Orion KL. The 4-3/2-1 line ratio is 1.3 for the
blue shifted wing and 0.8 for the red shifted wing. Emission in the jet feature
extending 2' to the SW of Orion S was detected in the J=4-3 but not the J=7-6
line; the average 4-3/2-1 line ratio is ~1. The line ratios in the Orion S
outflow and jet features are consistent with both PDR and LVG models.
Comparisons of the intensities of the J=7-6 and J=4-3 lines from the Orion Bar
with PDR models show that the ratios exceed predictions by a factor of 2.
Either clumping or additional heating by mechanisms such as shocks, may be the
cause of this discrepancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74138 </DOCNO>
Signals of R-parity Violating Supersymmetry at a Muon Storage Ring


  Neutrino oscillation signals at muon storage rings (MSR) can be mimicked by
Supersymmetric (SUSY) interactions in an R-parity violating scenario. We have
investigated the $\tau$-appearance signals for both long-baseline and near-site
experiments, and concluded that the latter is of great use in distinguishing
between oscillation and SUSY effects. On the other hand, SUSY can cause a
manifold increase in the event rate for wrong-sign muons at a long-baseline
setting, thereby providing us with signatures of new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150003 </DOCNO>
Large N Matrix Mechanics on the Light-Cone


  We report a simplification in the large N matrix mechanics of light-cone
matrix field theories. The absence of pure creation or pure annihilation terms
in the Hamiltonian formulation of these theories allows us to find their
reduced large N Hamiltonians as explicit functions of the generators of the
Cuntz algebra. This opens up a free-algebraic playground of new reduced models
-- all of which exhibit new hidden conserved quantities at large N and all of
whose eigenvalue problems are surprisingly simple. The basic tool we develop
for the study of these models is the infinite dimensional algebra of all
normal-ordered products of Cuntz operators, and this algebra also leads us to a
special number-conserving subset of these models, each of which exhibits an
infinite number of new hidden conserved quantities at large N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75827 </DOCNO>
The Description of Neutrino and Muon Oscillations by Interfering


  Particle oscillations following neutrino production processes are analysed
within Feynman's path amplitude formulation of quantum mechanics. Consideration
of the temporal sequence of production and detection events reveals an
important contribution to the oscillation phase from the space-time propagator
of the decaying source particle. Formulae are derived for spatial neutrino
oscillations following pion decay (at rest and in flight), muon decay and
nuclear $\beta$-decay at rest, as well as for similar muon oscillations after
pion decay at rest and in flight. In all cases studied, the neutrino
oscillation phases found differ from the conventionally used one. A concise
critical review is made of previous treatments of the quantum mechanics of
neutrino and muon oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74432 </DOCNO>
Neutrino clustering and the Z-burst model


  The possibility that the observed Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays are generated
by high energy neutrinos creating "Z-bursts" in resonant interactions with the
background neutrinos has been proposed, but there are difficulties in
generating enough events with reasonable incident neutrino fluxes.
  We point out that this difficulty is overcome if the background neutrinos
have coalesced into "neutrino clouds" --- a possibility previously suggested by
some of us in another context. The limitations that this mechanism for the
generation of UHECRs places on the high energy neutrino flux, on the masses of
the background neutrinos and the characteristics of the neutrino clouds are
spelled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168714 </DOCNO>
On the exact solutions of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model


  We present the many-particle Hamiltonian model of Lipkin, Meshkov and Glick
in the context of deformed polynomial algebras and show that its exact
solutions can be easily and naturally obtained within this formalism. The
Hamiltonian matrix of each $j$ multiplet can be split into two submatrices
associated to two distinct irreps of the deformed algebra. Their invariant
subspaces correspond to even and odd numbers of particle-hole excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86575 </DOCNO>
Massive Complex Scalar Field in a Kerr-Sen Black Hole Background: Exact


  The separated radial part of a massive complex scalar wave equation in the
Kerr-Sen geometry is shown to satisfy the generalized spheroidal wave equation
which is, in fact, a confluent Heun equation up to a multiplier. The Hawking
evaporation of scalar particles in the Kerr-Sen black hole background is
investigated by the Damour-Ruffini-Sannan's method. It is shown that quantum
thermal effect of the Kerr-Sen black hole has the same characteras that of the
Kerr-Newman black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98370 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical expansion for Tr{(-1)^F exp(-\beta H)}


  We start with some methodic remarks referring to purely bosonic quantum
systems and then explain how corrections to the leading--order quasiclassical
result for the fermion--graded partition function Tr{(-1)^F exp(-\beta H)} can
be calculated at small \beta. We perform such calculation for certain
supersymmetric quantum mechanical systems where such corrections are expected
to appear. We consider in particular supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory reduced
to (0+1) dimensions and were surprised to find that the correction of order
\beta^2 vanishes in this case.
  We discuss also a nonstandard N =2 supersymmetric sigma model defined on S^3
and other 3--dimensional conformally flat manifolds and show that the
quasiclassical expansion breaks down for this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86001 </DOCNO>
Will hyperbolic formulations help numerical relativity? - Experiments


  In order to perform accurate and stable long-term numerical integration of
the Einstein equations, several hyperbolic systems have been proposed. We here
report our numerical comparisons between weakly hyperbolic, strongly
hyperbolic, and symmetric hyperbolic systems based on Ashtekar's connection
variables. The primary advantage for using this connection formulation is that
we can keep using the same dynamical variables for all levels of hyperbolicity.
  We also study asymptotically constrained systems, "$\lambda$-system" and
"adjusted system", for numerical integration of the Einstein equations, which
are intended to be robust against perturbative errors for the free evolution of
the initial data. These systems are tested in the Maxwell system and in the
Ashtekar's system. This mechanism affects more than the system's symmetric
hyperbolicity.
  (This workshop contribution is the summary of our gr-qc/0005003 [CQG 17
(2000) 4799] and gr-qc/0007034 [CQG 18 (2001) 441].)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76201 </DOCNO>
ZEUS NLO QCD fits


  NLO QCD fits using the DGLAP formalism have been made to the high precision
ZEUS $e^+p$ reduced cross-section data and to fixed target structure function
data, in order to detrmine parton distribution functions and the value of
$\alpha_s(M^2_Z)$, taking full account of correlated systematic errors.
Preliminary results are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97214 </DOCNO>
Some Hopf Algebras of Trees


  This paper generalizes the operadic construction of the Connes-Kreimer Hopf
algebra of rooted trees by Moerdijk. Examples of Hopf algebras obtained in this
way include the Loday-Ronco Hopf algebra of planar binary trees and the
Brouder-Frabetti pruning Hopf algebra. In some examples we obtain a natural
pre-Lie or dendriform algebra structure on the dual Hopf algebra. v2: Proof in
section 8 corrected. v3: more corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124436 </DOCNO>
MLAPM - a C code for cosmological simulations


  We present a computer code written in C that is designed to simulate
structure formation from collisionless matter. The code is purely grid-based
and uses a recursively refined Cartesian grid to solve Poisson's equation for
the potential, rather than obtaining the potential from a Green's function.
Refinements can have arbitrary shapes and in practice closely follow the
complex morphology of the density field that evolves. The timestep shortens by
a factor two with each successive refinement. It is argued that an appropriate
choice of softening length is of great importance and that the softening should
be at all points an appropriate multiple of the local inter-particle
separation. Unlike tree and P3M codes, multigrid codes automatically satisfy
this requirement. We show that at early times and low densities in cosmological
simulations, the softening needs to be significantly smaller relative to the
inter-particle separation than in virialized regions. Tests of the ability of
the code's Poisson solver to recover the gravitational fields of both
virialized halos and Zel'dovich waves are presented, as are tests of the code's
ability to reproduce analytic solutions for plane-wave evolution. The times
required to conduct a LCDM cosmological simulation for various configurations
are compared with the times required to complete the same simulation with the
ART, AP3M and GADGET codes. The power spectra, halo mass functions and
halo-halo correlation functions of simulations conducted with different codes
are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41333 </DOCNO>
Search for Charged Higgs bosons: Preliminary Combined Results Using LEP


  In the year 2000 the four LEP experiments have collected 870 pb-1 of data at
energies between 200 and 209 GeV, with about 510 pb-1 above 206 GeV. These data
have been combined with data sets collected earlier at lower energies. %The
following 95% confidence level bounds have been obtained. For charged Higgs
bosons predicted by two-doublet extensions of the Standard Model and decaying
only into the channels H+->csbar and tau+nutau, a lower mass bound of 78.6 GeV
is obtained, at the 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127237 </DOCNO>
Recent Dynamical Relaxation of Galaxy Clusters: Evidence for a


  We argue that there has been substantial evolution in the ellipticity of rich
galaxy clusters between 0 < z < 0.1, and suggest that this is additional
evidence for a low matter-density Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149025 </DOCNO>
Quantum Chaos at Finite Temperature - a New Approach via the Quantum


  We address the problem of quantum chaos: Is there a rigorous, physically
meaningful definition of chaos in quantum physics? Can the tools of classical
chaos theory, like Lyapunov exponents, Poincar\'e sections etc. be carried over
to quantum systems? Can quantitative predictions be made? We show that the
recently proposed quantum action is well suited to answer those questions. As
an example we study chaotic behavior of the 2-D anharmonic oscillator and
compare classical with quantum chaos. Moreover, we study quantum chaos as
function of temperature (the classical system can be considered as the limit
where temperature goes to infinity).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113516 </DOCNO>
On Superluminal Propagation and Information Velocity


  This paper examines some of the recent experiments on superluminal
propagation. The meaning of information velocity from the perspective of a
digital communication system is analyzed. It is shown that practical digital
communication systems use bandlimited signals to transmit information
consisting of random bits which cannot be predicted by looking at previously
transmitted bits and that information is not limited to discontinuous
step-functions alone. These random bits are pulse-shaped by using bandlimited
pulse (e.g. gaussian pulse), in a causal fashion (meaning waveform during any
given bit is obtained by convolution of present and past bits with the causal
pulse, but cannot have information about future bits). If these pulse-shaped
random bits were not considered as information, if somehow the future random
bits could be predicted by, say looking at the shape of the first bit, then
there would be no need for elaborate communication systems like cellular
systems and data modems. We could transmit the first bit waveform, turn off the
transmitter and expect the receiver to correctly detect all future random bits,
which clearly is impossible. It is shown that it is possible to achieve
information velocity greater than speed of light, in media with zero dispersion
and positive index of refraction less than unity in the frequency range of
interest, and of sufficient length to make the time gained during medium
transmission in comparison to vaccum transmission, more than the duration of
several bits. It is shown that while signal causality is preserved from the
perspective of an LTI system, Einstein causality is not preserved and hence
what this means to relativistic causality violations is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5470 </DOCNO>
Spectral determinant on graphs with generalized boundary conditions


  The spectral determinant of the Schr\"odinger operator ($ - \Delta + V(x) $)
on a graph is computed for general boundary conditions. ($\Delta$ is the
Laplacian and $V(x)$ is some potential defined on the graph). Applications to
restricted random walks on graphs are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127306 </DOCNO>
Interstellar gas in the Galaxy and the X-ray luminosity of Sgr A* in the


  Information about the X-ray luminosity of the supermassive black hole located
at the Galactic center (GC), Sgr A*, and its temporal variations in the past is
imprinted in the scattered emission observed today in the direction towards
giant molecular clouds (GMCs) located in our Galaxy. Due to light travel time
effects these clouds probe the activity of Sgr A* at different times in the
past depending on their position relative to the GC and the observer. In this
paper we combine results of recent ASCA observations along the Galactic plane,
providing upper limits for the scattered flux in the 4-10 keV range produced in
a given direction, with data from CO surveys of the same regions. These CO
surveys map the position and mass of the molecular gas which the GMCs are made
up of. Demanding the scattered flux to be not larger than the observed one,
this data enables us to derive upper limits for the 4-10 keV luminosity of Sgr
A* at certain times during the last 40.000 years down to about 8*10^40 erg/s.
At other times the limits are less tight, of the order of 10^41-10^42 erg/s.
The more extended and continuous HI distribution in the Galactic disk, which
also scatters the radiation emitted by Sgr A*, allows us to extend the time
coverage further into the past, back to about 110.000 years, albeit the limits
are becoming less tight. We thereby can rule out a long term X-ray activity
phase of Sgr A* at one per cent of its Eddington level ending less than about
80.000 years ago. The limits presented in this paper can be improved by
observations of emission in the fluorescent iron K_alpha-line. We study the
feasibility of these methods to investigate past nuclear activity in other
spiral galaxies observed with the angular resolution of X-ray telescopes like
Chandra and XMM-Newton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174680 </DOCNO>
Fragment Isotope Distributions and the Isospin Dependent Equation of


  Calculations predict a connection between the isotopic composition of
particles emitted during an energetic nucleus-nucleus collision and the density
dependence of the asymmetry term of the nuclear equation of state (EOS). This
connection is investigated for central 112Sn+112Sn and 124Sn+124Sn collisions
at E/A=50 MeV in the limit of an equilibrated freezeout condition. Comparisons
between measured isotopic yields ratios and theoretical predictions in the
equilibrium limit are used to assess the sensitivity to the density dependence
of the asymmetry term of the EOS. This analysis suggests that such comparisons
may provide an opportunity to constrain the asymmetry term of the EOS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6292 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in the two-dimensional t-J model


  Using computational techniques, it is shown that pairing is a robust property
of hole doped antiferromagnetic (AF) insulators. In one dimension (1D) and for
two-leg ladder systems, a BCS-like variational wave function with long-bond
spin-singlets and a Jastrow factor provides an accurate representation of the
ground state of the t-J model, even though strong quantum fluctuations destroy
the off-diagonal superconducting (SC) long-range order in this case. However,
in two dimensions (2D) it is argued -- and numerically confirmed using several
techniques, especially quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) -- that quantum fluctuations
are not strong enough to suppress superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75588 </DOCNO>
Diffractive charm photoproduction at HERA ep-collider


  The cross section of the $D^*$-meson diffractive photoproduction at the HERA
collider has been calculated in the framework of perturbatively motivated model
for the different kinematic regions. The camparison between the different
Pomeron models has been performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96092 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic with squarefree modulus, its lattice of groups, a primesieve


  The product m_k of the first k primes (2..p_k) has neighbours m_k +/- 1 with
all prime divisors beyond p_k, implying there are infinitely many primes
[Euclid]. All primes between p_k and m_k are in the group G_1 of units in
semigroup Z_{m_k}(.) of mutiplication mod m_k. Due to the squarefree modulus
Z_{m_k} is a disjoint union of 2^k groups, with as many idempotents - one per
divisor of m_k, which form a Boolean lattice BL. The generators of Z_{m_k} and
the additive properties of its lattice are studied. It is shown that each
complementary pair in BL adds to 1 mod m_k and each even idempotent e in BL has
successor e+1 in G_1. It follows that G_1+G_1 \equiv E, the set of even
residues in Z_{m_k}, so each even residue is the sum of two roots of unity,
proving "Goldbach for Residues" mod m_k ("GR"). . . . Induction on k by
extending residues mod m_k with "carry" a < p_{k+1} of weight m_k, yields a
Euclidean prime sieve for integers. Failure of Goldbach's Conjecture ("GC") for
some 2n contradicts GR(k) for some k. By Bertrand's Postulate (on prime i<p<2i
for each i>1) successive 2n are in overlapping intervals, while the smallest
composite unit in G_1 mod m_k is p_{k+1}^2, yielding "GC": Each 2n>4 is the sum
of two odd primes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124191 </DOCNO>
Constraints on properties of the protoplanetary disks around UX Ori and


  We present Very Large Array observations of the intermediate mass
pre-main-sequence stars UX Ori and CQ Tau at 7mm, 3.6cm, and 6cm. These stars
are members of the UX Ori variability class, where the origin of optical
variability is thought to derive from inhomogeneities in circumstellar disks.
Both stars are detected at 7mm but not at longer wavelengths, which confirms
that the millimeter emission is dominated by dust.
  The UX Ori system exhibits a remarkably flat spectral index in the millimeter
range, with alpha_mm 2 (F_nu nu^alpha_mm). Two different disk models can
reproduce this property: i) a physically small disk with optically thick
emission, truncated at a radius about 30 AU, or ii) a massive (~0.3-1 Msun)
disk mainly composed of dust particles grown to radii of 10cm (``pebbles'').
The observations do not spatially resolve the 7mm emission. We discuss
implications of these two models and suggest observational tests that will
discriminate between them.
  The CQ Tau system exhibits a spectral index in the millimeter range of
alpha_mm 2.6, consistent with values commonly found for disks around
pre-main-sequence stars. The observations marginally resolve the 7mm emission
as an elongated structure with full width at half maximum of 2.4"x1.1" (240x110
AU at 100pc distance). The size and inclination of ~63 degrees (implied by
circular symmetry) are consistent with flared disk models previously suggested
to explain the optical colors and polarization properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75465 </DOCNO>
Manifestations of Extra Dimensions in a Neutrino Telescope


  Theories with large extra dimensions provide the possibility that a flavor
neutrino, localized in a 3+1 brane, can mix with a singlet neutrino living in
the bulk. This mixing leads to unconventional patterns of neutrino matter
oscillations and we examine in details how these oscillations depend upon two
parameters: the brane-bulk coupling $\xi$ and the effective mass $\mu$ of the
flavor neutrino inside matter. We find that high energy $(E \ge 50$ GeV)
$\nu_\mu$ neutrinos, to be detected by neutrino telescopes, can give signals of
extra dimensions. With a 1 k$m^{3}$ neutrino telescope extra dimensions with
radius down to $1\mu m$ can be tested directly, while for smaller radius an
indirect evidence can be established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75154 </DOCNO>
Axion and neutrino physics from anomaly cancellation


  It has been recently shown that the requirement of anomaly cancellation in a
(non-supersymmetric) six-dimensional version of the standard model fixes the
field content to the known three generations. We discuss the phenomenological
consequences of the cancellation of the local anomalies: the strong CP problem
is solved and the fundamental scale of the theory is bounded by the physics of
the axion. Neutrinos acquire a mass in the range suggested by atmospheric
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168717 </DOCNO>
Quantum Foundations in the Light of Quantum Information


  This paper reports three almost trivial theorems that nevertheless appear to
have significant import for quantum foundations studies. 1) A Gleason-like
derivation of the quantum probability law, but based on the positive
operator-valued measures as the basic notion of measurement (see also Busch,
quant-ph/9909073). Of note, this theorem also works for 2-dimensional vector
spaces and for vector spaces over the rational numbers, where the standard
Gleason theorem fails. 2) A way of rewriting the quantum collapse rule so that
it looks almost precisely identical to Bayes rule for updating probabilities in
classical probability theory. And 3) a derivation of the tensor-product rule
for combining quantum systems (and with it the very notion of quantum
entanglement) from Gleason-like considerations for local measurements on
bipartite systems along with classical communication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149275 </DOCNO>
Local Gauge Invariance of a Noncommutative Field


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced.
This paper is withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6300 </DOCNO>
Hysteretic behavior of the vortex lattice at the onset of the second


  By means of local Hall probe ac and dc permeability measurements we
investigated the phase diagram of vortex matter for the HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+\delta
}$ superconductor in the regime near the critical temperature. The second peak
line, $H_{\rm sp}$, in contrast to what is usually assumed, doesn't terminate
at the critical temperature. Our local ac permeability measurements revealed
pronounced hysteretic behavior and thermomagnetic history effects near the
onset of the second peak, giving evidence for a phase transition of vortex
matter from an ordered qausilattice state to a disordered glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113449 </DOCNO>
Independence of events and quantum structure of the light in Einstein's


  In the history of physics 1905 can be considered as the year of Einstein's
proclamation of independence of events. Indeed the concept of independent
events occupies a essential place in the three main 1905 Einstein's papers
(quanta of light, brownian motion and special relativity). We show that the
independent events and the independent points of light are inseparable not only
in Einstein's 1905 paper on quanta of light but also in Einstein's 1905 paper
on special relativity. Einstein's special relativity without ether is therefore
based on a quantum conception of the light. We show also that there exists
another special relativity with ether: Poincare's special relativity (based on
the principle of relativity and the principle of real contraction of the
lengths)without the concept of event and with a purely classical wavy
conception of the light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129521 </DOCNO>
Archeops: CMB Anisotropies Measurement from Large to Small Angular Scale


  Archeops, a balloon-borne experiment, will provide a measurement of CMB
anistropies from large to small angular scale thanks to its large sky coverage
(30%), its high angular resolution (10 arcminutes), and its high
signal-to-noise ratio due to high sensitivity 100 mK cooled bolometers. We will
therefore be able to put strong constraints on the value of the cosmological
parameters. Archeops flew already twice, once in Sicily for a technical flight
in 1999, and once from Sweden for its first scientific flight in January 2001.
I describe here Archeops'main characteristics, the preliminary results from the
scientific flight, the expected precision of this flight for power spectrum
measurements, and perspectives for the next flights this winter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126612 </DOCNO>
HST STIS Observations of PG 0946+301: the Highest Quality UV Spectrum of


  We describe deep (40 orbits) HST/STIS observations of the BALQSO PG 0946+301
and make them available to the community. These observations are the major part
of a multi-wavelength campaign on this object aimed at determining the
ionization equilibrium and abundances (IEA) in broad absorption line (BAL)
QSOs. We present simple template fits to the entire data set, which yield firm
identifications for more than two dozen BALs from 18 ions and give lower limits
for the ionic column densities. We find that the outflow's metalicity is
consistent with being solar, while the abundance ratio of phosphorus to other
metals is at least ten times solar. These findings are based on diagnostics
that are not sensitive to saturation and partial covering effects in the BALs,
which considerably weakened previous claims for enhanced metalicity. Ample
evidence for these effects is seen in the spectrum. We also discuss several
options for extracting tighter IEA constraints in future analyses, and present
the significant temporal changes which are detected between these spectra and
those taken by the HST/FOS in 1992.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96702 </DOCNO>
Possible loss and recovery of Gibbsianness during the stochastic


  We consider Ising-spin systems starting from an initial Gibbs measure $\nu$
and evolving under a spin-flip dynamics towards a reversible Gibbs measure
$\mu\not=\nu$. Both $\nu$ and $\mu$ are assumed to have a finite-range
interaction. We study the Gibbsian character of the measure $\nu S(t)$ at time
$t$ and show the following: (1) For all $\nu$ and $\mu$, $\nu S(t)$ is Gibbs
for small $t$. (2) If both $\nu$ and $\mu$ have a high or infinite temperature,
then $\nu S(t)$ is Gibbs for all $t>0$. (3) If $\nu$ has a low non-zero
temperature and a zero magnetic field and $\mu$ has a high or infinite
temperature, then $\nu S(t)$ is Gibbs for small $t$ and non-Gibbs for large
$t$. (4) If $\nu$ has a low non-zero temperature and a non-zero magnetic field
and $\mu$ has a high or infinite temperature, then $\nu S(t)$ is Gibbs for
small $t$, non-Gibbs for intermediate $t$, and Gibbs for large $t$. The regime
where $\mu$ has a low or zero temperature and $t$ is not small remains open.
This regime presumably allows for many different scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128742 </DOCNO>
The origin of the high velocity circumstellar gas around SN 1998S


  Modelling of high resolution Balmer line profiles in the early-time spectra
of SN 1998S shows that the inferred fast (roughly 400 km/s) circumstellar (CS)
gas on days 23 and 42 post-explosion is confined to a narrow, negative velocity
gradient shell just above the photosphere. This gas may be identified with a
slow (v < 40 km/s) progenitor wind accelerated at the ejecta-wind interface. In
this scenario, the photosphere coincides with a cool dense shell formed in the
reverse shock. Acceleration by radiation from the supernova or by a
shock-accelerated relativistic particle precursor are both possible
explanations for the observed fast CS gas. An alternative, equally plausible
scenario is that the fast CS gas is accelerated within shocked clouds engulfed
by the outer shock, as it propagates through the intercloud wind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167946 </DOCNO>
Evolution of entanglement for spin-flip dynamics


  A model of evolution of entanglement of bipartite quantum state is studied.
It involves recently introduced quantum block spin-flip dynamics on a lattice.
We find that for initially separable states the considered evolution leads, in
general, to entangled states. We also present a complete characterization of
two-point correlation functions for that type of dynamics to confirm
enhancement of quantum correlations for the considered system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6985 </DOCNO>
Precursor of Color Superconductivity in Hot Quark Matter


  We investigate possible precursory phenomena of color superconductivity in
quark matter at finite temperature T with use of a simple Nambu-Jona-Lasinio
model. It is found that the fluctuating pair field exists with a prominent
strength even well above the critical temperature T_c. We show that the
collective pair field has a complex energy located in the second Riemann sheet,
which approaches the origin as T is lowered to T_c. We discuss the possible
relevance of the precursor to the observables to be detected in heavy ion
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126126 </DOCNO>
A Model for the Strings of Eta Carinae


  We propose a model based on ionization shadows to explain the formation of
the long and narrow strings of Eta Carinae. Five strings are known, all located
along the symmetry axis outside the Homunculus. The model assumes that each
string is formed in a shadow behind a dense clump near the symmetry axis. The
surrounding gas is ionized first, becomes much hotter, and compresses the gas
in the shadow. This leads to the formation of a radial, dense, long, and narrow
region, i.e., a string. Later the neutral material in the strings is ionized,
and becomes brighter. Still later it re-expands, and we predict that in about
200 years the strings will fade. The condition for the model to work is that
the ionization front, due to the diffuse ionizing recombination radiation of
the surrounding gas, proceeds into the shadow at a velocity slower than the
compression speed. From that we get a condition on the mass loss rate of the
mass loss episode that formed the strings, which should be less than 10^{-4}
Mo/year. The model can also explain the strings in the planetary nebula NGC
6543.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150170 </DOCNO>
Two-fermion bound states in the explicitly covariant Light-Front


  We develop a general method to construct two relativistic fermions bound
states with a given $J^{\pi}$, in the framework of the explicitly covariant
light-front dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3940 </DOCNO>
Strong friction limit in quantum mechanics: the Quantum Smoluchowski


  For a quantum system coupled to a heat bath environment the strong friction
limit is studied starting from the exact path integral formulation.
Generalizing the classical Smoluchowski limit to low temperatures a time
evolution equation for the position distribution is derived and the strong role
of quantum fluctuations in this limit is revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149850 </DOCNO>
Parent Action Approach for the Duality between Non-Abelian Self-Dual and


  It has been argued by some authors that the parent action approach cannot be
used in order to establish the duality between the 2+1 Abelian and non-Abelian
Self-Dual (SD) and Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons (YMCS) models for all the coupling
regimes. We propose here an alternative (perturbative) point of view, and show
that this equivalence can be achieved with the parent action approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98848 </DOCNO>
On the Gabai-Eliashberg-Thurston theorem


  We present a new, completely three-dimensional proof of the fact, due to
Gabai-Eliashberg-Thurston, that every closed, oriented, irreducible 3-manifold
with nonzero second homology carries a universally tight contact structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168009 </DOCNO>
"All versus nothing" inseparability for two observers


  A recent proof of Bell's theorem without inequalities [A. Cabello, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 86, 1911 (2001)] is formulated as a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like
proof involving just two observers. On one hand, this new approach allows us to
derive an experimentally testable Bell inequality which is violated by quantum
mechanics. On the other hand, it leads to a new state-independent proof of the
Kochen-Specker theorem and provides a wider perspective on the relations
between the major proofs of no-hidden-variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96933 </DOCNO>
A non-ribbon plumbing of fibered ribbon knots


  A closer look at an example introduced by Livingston & Melvin and later
studied by Miyazaki shows that a plumbing of two fibered ribbon knots (along
their fiber surfaces) may be algebraically slice yet not ribbon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2101 </DOCNO>
Renormalized field theory of resistor diode percolation


  We study resistor diode percolation at the transition from the
non-percolating to the directed percolating phase. We derive a field theoretic
Hamiltonian which describes not only geometric aspects of directed percolation
clusters but also their electric transport properties. By employing
renormalization group methods we determine the average two-port resistance of
critical clusters, which is governed by a resistance exponent $\phi$. We
calculate $\phi$ to two-loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97388 </DOCNO>
Espace de modules des courbes hyperelliptiques stables et une


  In this paper, we show an inequality between the degrees of the conductor and
the Hodge fiber of a hyperelliptic curve above a discrete valuation ring. For
that we have to show theorems about the lifting of $p$-cyclic covers in order
to obtain informations on the edge of the moduli space of hyperelliptic stable
curves. The inequality then comes from the geometry of this last space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148833 </DOCNO>
AdS/CFT correspondence and quantum induced dilatonic multi-brane-worlds


  d5 dilatonic gravity action with surface counterterms motivated by AdS/CFT
correspondence and with contributions of brane quantum CFTs is considered
around AdS-like bulk. The effective equations of motion are constructed. They
admit two (outer and inner) or multi-brane solutions where brane CFTs may be
different. The role of quantum brane CFT is in inducing of complicated brane
dilatonic gravity. For exponential bulk potentials the number of AdS-like bulk
spaces is found in analytical form. The correspondent flat or curved (de Sitter
or hyperbolic) dilatonic two branes are created, as a rule, thanks to quantum
effects. The observable early Universe may correspond to inflationary brane.
The found dilatonic quantum two brane-worlds usually contain the naked
singularity but in couple explicit examples the curvature is finite and horizon
(corresponding to wormhole-like space) appears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85979 </DOCNO>
Dark matter an effect of gravitation permeability of material in Jordan,


  Analyzing the static spherically symmetric and rotating ellipsoid solutions
in the Newtonian limit of Jordan, Brance - Dicke theory we find the following.
In empty space scalar-tensor theories have trivial solution of field equation
with constant scalar potential (efficient value of gravitation constant). In
this case no celestial-mechanical experiments to reveal a difference between
scalar-tensor theories and Einstein theory is not presented possible. However,
scalar field, inside the matter, has characteristics like gravitation
permeability of material similar electromagnetic permeability of material in
Maxwell theories of electromagnetism. Investigation of obtained exact solutions
for given functions of a matter distributions in the Newtonian limit of Jordan,
Brance - Dicke theory show the efficient value of gravitation constant depends
on density of matter, sizes and form of object, as well as on the value of
theories coupling constant. That for example led to weakening gravitation force
in the central regions of a Galaxies. This assumption constitutes the way to
explain observed rotation curves of Galaxies without using cold dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96744 </DOCNO>
Exterior Differential Forms in Field Theory


  A role of the exterior differential forms in field theory is connected with a
fact that they reflect properties of the conservation laws. In field theory a
role of the closed exterior forms is well known. A condition of closure of the
form means that the closed form is the conservative quantity, and this
corresponds to the conservation laws for physical fields. In the present work a
role in field theory of the exterior forms, which correspond to the
conservation laws for the material systems is clarified. These forms are
defined on the accompanying nondifferentiable manifolds, and hense, they are
not closed. Transition from the forms, which correspond to the conservation
laws for the material systems, to those, which correspond to the conservation
laws for physical fields (it is possible under the degenerate transform),
describe a mechanism of origin of the physical structures that format physical
fields. In the work it is shown that the physical structures are generated by
the material systems in the evolutionary process. In Appendices we give an
analysis of the principles of thermodinamics and equations of the
electromagnetic field. A role of the conservation laws in formation of the
pseudometric and metric spaces is also shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113853 </DOCNO>
Ten-dimensional wave packet simulations of methane scattering


  We present results of wavepacket simulations of scattering of an oriented
methane molecule from a flat surface including all nine internal vibrations. At
a translational energy up to 96 kJ/mol we find that the scattering is almost
completely elastic. Vibrational excitations when the molecule hits the surface
and the corresponding deformation depend on generic features of the potential
energy surface. In particular, our simulation indicate that for methane to
dissociate the interaction of the molecule with the surface should lead to an
elongated equilibrium C--H bond length close to the surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98831 </DOCNO>
Stability Rates for Patchy Vector Fields


  The paper is concerned with the stability of the set of trajectories of a
vector field, in the presence of impulsive perturbations. Patchy vector fields
are discontinuous, piecewise smooth vector fields that were introduced in AB to
study feedback stabilization problems. For patchy vector fields in the plane,
with polygonal patches in generic position, we show that the distance between a
perturbed trajectory and an unperturbed one is of the same order of magnitude
as the impulsive forcing term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81176 </DOCNO>
Exactly Solvable Matrix Models for the Dynamical Generation of


  We present a class of solvable SO(D) symmetric matrix models with D bosonic
matrices coupled to chiral fermions. The SO(D) symmetry is spontaneously broken
due to the phase of the fermion integral. This demonstrates the conjectured
mechanism for the dynamical generation of four-dimensional space-time in the
IIB matrix model, which was proposed as a nonperturbative definition of type
IIB superstring theory in ten dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124691 </DOCNO>
Construction of the Variability -> Luminosity Estimator


  We present a possible Cepheid-like luminosity estimator for the long-duration
gamma-ray bursts based on the variability of their light curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169562 </DOCNO>
Resonances and spectral properties of detuned OPO pumped by fluctuating


  Twin beam fluctuations are analyzed for detuned and mismatched OPO
configurations. Resonances and frequency responses to the quantum noise sources
(quantum and pump amplitude/phase fluctuations) are examined as functions of
cavity decay rates, excitation parameter and detuning. The dependence of self-
and mutual correlations of beam amplitudes and phases on detuning, mismatch and
damping parameters is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99246 </DOCNO>
Cohomology rings of symplectic quotients by circle actions


  In this article we are concerned with how to compute the cohomology ring of a
symplectic quotient by a circle action using the information we have about the
cohomology of the original manifold and some data at the fixed point set of the
action. Our method is essentially based on the Tolman-Weitsman theorem which
gives a characterization of the kernel of the Kirwan map. In part 1 we compute
a generating set for the kernel of the Kirwan map for the case of products of
two dimensional spheres. In part 2 we generalize this result to a product of
compact connected manifolds such that the cohomology ring of each of them is
generated by a degree two class. The circle action only needs to be "formally
Hamiltonian" and the fixed point set does not have to be isolated. By
establishing the kernel, we have essentially found the cohomology ring of the
symplectic quotient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6435 </DOCNO>
Tight-binding study of high-pressure phase transitions in titanium:


  We use a tight-binding total energy method, with parameters determined from a
fit to first-principles calculations, to examine the newly discovered gamma
phase of titanium. Our parameters were adjusted to accurately describe the
alpha Ti-omega Ti phase transition, which is misplaced by density functional
calculations. We find a transition from omega Ti to gamma Ti at 102 GPa, in
good agreement with the experimental value of 116 GPa. Our results suggest that
current density functional calculations will not reproduce the omega Ti-gamma
Ti phase transition, but will instead predict a transition from omega Ti to the
bcc beta Ti phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125460 </DOCNO>
A Study of Nine High-Redshift Clusters of Galaxies: IV. Photometry and


  New photometric and spectroscopic observations of galaxies in the directions
of three distant clusters are presented as part of our on-going high-redshift
cluster survey. The clusters are CL1324+3011 at z = 0.76, CL1604+4304 at z =
0.90, and CL1604+4321 at z = 0.92. The observed x-ray luminosities in these
clusters are at least a factor of 3 smaller than those observed in clusters
with similar velocity dispersions at z <= 0.4. These clusters contain a
significant population of elliptical-like galaxies, although these galaxies are
not nearly as dominant as in massive clusters at z <= 0.5. We also find a large
population of blue cluster members. Defining an active galaxy as one in which
the rest equivalent width of [OII] is greater than 15 Angstroms, the fraction
of active cluster galaxies, within the central 1.0 Mpc, is 45%. In the field
population, we find that 65% of the galaxies with redshifts between z = 0.40
and z = 0.85 are active, while the fraction is 79% for field galaxies at z >
0.85. The star formation rate normalized by the rest AB B-band magnitude, SFRN,
increases as the redshift increases at a given evolving luminosity. At a given
redshift, however, SFRN decreases linearly with increasing luminosity
indicating a remarkable insensitivity of the star formation rate to the
intrinsic luminosity of the galaxy over the range -18 >= ABB >= -22. Cluster
galaxies in the central 1 Mpc regions exhibit depressed star formation rates.
We are able to measure significant evolution in the B-band luminosity function
over the range 0.1 <= z <= 1. The characteristic luminosity increases by a
factor of 3 with increasing redshift over this range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168874 </DOCNO>
Universal quantum computation using only projective measurement, quantum


  What resources are universal for quantum computation? In the standard model,
a quantum computer consists of a sequence of unitary gates acting coherently on
the qubits making up the computer. This paper shows that a very different model
involving only projective measurements, quantum memory, and the ability to
prepare the |0> state is also universal for quantum computation. In particular,
no coherent unitary dynamics are involved in the computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95542 </DOCNO>
Duality of orthogonal polynomials on a finite set


  We prove a certain duality relation for orthogonal polynomials defined on a
finite set. The result is used in a direct proof of the equivalence of two
different ways of computing the correlation functions of a discrete orthogonal
polynomial ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74490 </DOCNO>
Estimates of the Nucleon Tensor Charge


  Like the axial vector charges, defined from the forward nucleon matrix
element of the axial vector current on the light cone, the nucleon tensor
charge, defined from the corresponding matrix element of the tensor current, is
essential for characterizing the momentum and spin structure of the nucleon.
Because there must be a helicity flip of the struck quark in order to probe the
transverse spin polarization of the nucleon, the transversity distribution (and
thus the tensor charge) decouples at leading twist in deep inelastic
scattering, although no such suppression appears in Drell-Yan processes. This
makes the tensor charge difficult to measure and its non-conservation makes its
prediction model dependent. We present a different approach. Exploiting an
approximate SU(6)xO(3) symmetric mass degeneracy of the light axial vector
mesons (a1(1260), b1(1235) and h1(1170)) and using pole dominance, we calculate
the tensor charge. The result is simple in form and depends on the decay
constants of the axial vector mesons and their couplings to the nucleons, along
with the average transverse momentum of the quarks in the nucleon. The result
is compared with other model estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168563 </DOCNO>
Lower bound for the quantum capacity of a discrete memoryless quantum


  We generalize the random coding argument of stabilizer codes and derive a
lower bound for the quantum capacity of an arbitrary discrete memoryless
quantum channel. For the depolarizing channel, our lower bound coincides with
that obtained by Bennett et al. We also slightly improve the quantum
Gilbert-Varshamov bound for general stabilizer codes, and establish an analogue
of the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound for linear stabilizer codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148682 </DOCNO>
The one example of Lorentz group


  The aim of this work is to show, on the example of the behaviour of the
spinless charged particle in the homogeneous electric field, that one can
quantized the velocity of particle by the special gauge fixation. The work
gives also the some information about the theory of second quantisation in the
space of Hilbert- Fock and the theory of projectors in the Hilbert space. One
consider in Appendix the theory of the spinless charged particle in the
homogeneous addiabatical changed electrical field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6089 </DOCNO>
Modified BCS mechanism of Cooper pair formation in narrow energy bands


  In Part I of this paper a modified BCS mechanism of Cooper pair formation was
proposed. The present Part III gives a physical interpretation of this
mechanism in terms of spin-flipping processes in superconducting bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168481 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and the uncertainty principle


  A new uncertainty relation (UR) is obtained for a system of N identical
entangled particles if we use symmetrized observables when deriving the
inequality. This new expression splits in two parts: the first one is the
traditional term that appears in Heisenberg's relation, but the second one
represents the fact that we have entangled particles. Without entanglement the
new inequality reduces to Heisenberg's uncertainty relation (HUR).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76937 </DOCNO>
Oscillation Induced Neutrino Asymmetry Growth in the Early Universe


  We study the dynamics of active-sterile neutrino oscillations in the early
universe using full momentum-dependent quantum-kinetic equations. These
equations are too complicated to allow for an analytical treatment, and
numerical solution is greatly complicated due to very pronounced and narrow
structures in the momentum variable introduced by resonances. Here we introduce
a novel dynamical discretization of the momentum variable which overcomes this
problem. As a result we can follow the evolution of neutrino ensemble
accurately well into the stable growing phase. Our results confirm the
existence of a "chaotic region" of mixing parameters, for which the final sign
of the asymmetry, and hence the SBBN prediction of He(4)-abundance cannot be
accurately determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125929 </DOCNO>
An X-Ray Point Source and Synchrotron Nebula Candidate in the Supernova


  We present archival data from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory that reveal a
bright point source to the southeast of the center of the young supernova
remnant G292.0+1.8 that is coincident with the peak of highest radio surface
brightness. The mostly featureless spectrum of the point source at coordinates
(J2000) RA = 11 24 39.2, DEC = -59 16 19.8 is well fit by a three-parameter
absorbed model with one power-law and two blackbody components. We also argue
that the neutron star is surrounded by a synchrotron wind nebula based off of
the source's hard emission and high radio and X-ray luminosities, each
corresponding to a canonical wind nebula spin-down power, dE/dt ~ 10^36 erg/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126526 </DOCNO>
Interferometric Mapping of Magnetic Fields in Star-forming Regions I.


  We present the first interferometric polarization map of the W51 e1/e2
molecular cores obtained with the BIMA array at 1.3 mm wavelength with
approximately 3 arcsecond resolution. The polarization angle varies smoothly
across the double cores with an average position angle of 23+-5 degrees for W51
e1 and 15+-7 degrees for W51 e2. The inferred magnetic field direction is
parallel to the minor axis of the double cores, which is consistent with the
theoretical picture that clouds collapse along the field lines. However, the
magnetic field may not determine the axis of angular momentum of these two
cores as the field directions of the two cores significantly differ with the
previously measured directions of rotational axes. The polarization percentage
decreases toward regions with high intensity, suggesting that the dust
alignment efficiency decreases toward high density regions. The field
directions are highly ordered, and the small dispersion of the polarization
angles implies that magnetic fields are strong ($\gtrsim$ 1 mG) and perhaps
dominate turbulence in W51 e1/e2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96534 </DOCNO>
Severi varieties and branch curves of abelian surfaces of type (1,3)


  Let (A,L) be a principally polarized abelian surface of type (1,3). The
linear system |L| defines a 6:1 covering of A onto P2, branched along a curve B
of degree 18 in P2. The main result of the paper is that for general (A,L) the
curve B irreducible, admits 72 cusps, 36 nodes or tacnodes, each tacnode
counting as two nodes, 72 flexes and 36 bitangents. The main idea of the proof
is to use the fact that for a general (A,L) of type (1,3) the closure of the
Severi variety V in |L| is dual to the curve B in the sense of projective
geometry. We investigate V and B via degeneration to a special abelian surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179504 </DOCNO>
Meson Dynamics and the resulting "3-Nucleon-Force" diagrams: Results


  A simplified 1D (one-dimensional) model for a generalized 3N system is
considered, as a testing ground for the explicit treatment of the meson
dynamics in this system. We focus attention on the irreducible diagrams
generated by the pion dynamics in the 3N system, and in particular to a new
type of three-nucleon force discussed recently in the literature, and generated
by the one-pion-exchange mechanism in presence of a nucleon-nucleon
correlation. It is found that these new terms in the simplified model have an
approximately 30% effect compared to the standard three-nucleon force terms in
a `Triton' binding energy calculation. It is suggested that this effect should
also not be ignored in realistic calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73630 </DOCNO>
Hadronic interactions, precocious unification, and cosmic ray showers at


  At Auger energies only model predictions enable us to extract primary cosmic
ray features. The simulation of the shower evolution depends sensitively on the
first few interactions, necessarily related to the quality of our understanding
of high energy hadronic collisions. Distortions of the standard ``soft
semi-hard'' scenario include novel large compact dimensions and a string or
quantum gravity scale not far above the electroweak scale. Na\"{\i}vely, the
additional degrees of freedom yield unification of all forces in the TeV range.
In this article we study the influence of such precocious unification during
atmospheric cascade developments by analyzing the most relevant observables in
proton induced showers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 438 </DOCNO>
Two leg quantum Ising ladder: A bosonization study of the ANNNI model


  The quantum ANNNI chain in a transverse field is investigated by means of the
bosonization approach in the limit of large next-nearest neighbor interaction.
In this regime, this model can be viewed as a weakly coupled two-leg zigzag
ladder which enables us to derive its low energy effective field theory. In
particular, it is shown that the effect of frustration in the system is
captured by the presence of a non zero conformal spin perturbation that
accounts for the existence of all the incommensurate phases of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40774 </DOCNO>
Where is the Higgs?


  I discuss the theoretical uncertainties in the indirect Higgs mass
determination. I present the probability density function for the Higgs mass
obtained combining together the information from precision measurements with
the results from the direct search experiments carried out at LEP. The
probability that the Higgs weights less than 116 GeV comes out to be around 35
% while the 95 % upper limit is located around 210-230 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41470 </DOCNO>
Search for Direct CP Violation in Quasi-Two-Body Charmless B Decays


  We have searched for direct CP violation in quasi-two-body charmless B decays
observed in a sample of about 45 million B mesons collected with the BABAR
detector at the PEP-II collider. We measure the following charge asymmetries in
decay: ${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\eta^\prime K^{\pm}) = -0.11\pm 0.11\pm 0.02$,
${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\omega \pi^{\pm}) = -0.01^{+0.29}_{-0.31}\pm 0.03$,
${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\phi K^{\pm}) = -0.05\pm 0.20\pm 0.03$, ${\cal
A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\phi K^{*\pm}) = -0.43^{+0.36}_{-0.30}\pm 0.06$, and ${\cal
A}_{CP} (B^{0}/\bar B^{0}\to\phi K^{*0}/\bar K^{*0}) = 0.00\pm 0.27\pm 0.03$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 437 </DOCNO>
Clustering in a model with repulsive long-range interactions


  A striking clustering phenomenon in the antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian
Mean-Field model has been previously reported. The numerically observed
bicluster formation and stabilization is here fully explained by a non linear
analysis of the Vlasov equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81372 </DOCNO>
The Microscopic Dirac Operator Spectrum


  We review the exact results for microscopic Dirac operator spectra based on
either Random Matrix Theory, or, equivalently, chiral Lagrangians. Implications
for lattice calculations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114052 </DOCNO>
Thermal molecule and atom test of the modified special relativity theory


  The correction to Maxwell-Boltzmann's velocity distribution law is obtained
in the framework of the modified special relativity theory. The detection of
velocity and velocity rate distributions for thermal molecules or atoms or
other particles can serve as a test of the modified special relativity theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 858 </DOCNO>
Quantum disorder in the two-dimensional pyrochlore Heisenberg


  We present the results of an exact diagonalization study of the spin-1/2
Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a two-dimensional version of the pyrochlore
lattice, also known as the square lattice with crossings or the checkerboard
lattice. Examining the low energy spectra for systems of up to 24 spins, we
find that all clusters studied have non-degenerate ground states with total
spin zero, and big energy gaps to states with higher total spin. We also find a
large number of non-magnetic excitations at energies within this spin gap.
Spin-spin and spin-Peierls correlation functions appear to be short-ranged, and
we suggest that the ground state is a spin liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168977 </DOCNO>
Experimental realization of 7-qubit universal perfect controlled-NOT and


  The controlled-NOT gate and controlled square-root NOT gate play an important
role in quantum algorithm. This article reports the experimental results of
these two universal quantum logic gates (controlled square-root NOT gate and
controlled-NOT gate) on a 7-qubit NMR quantum computer. Further, we propose a
simple experimental method to measure and correct the error in the controlled
phase-shift gate, which is helpful to construct a more perfect phase-shift gate
experimentally and can also be used in more qubits discrete Fourier
transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98771 </DOCNO>
Analysis on the minimal representation of O(p,q) -- I. Realization via


  This is the first in a series of papers devoted to an analogue of the
metaplectic representation, namely, the minimal unitary representation of an
indefinite orthogonal group; this representation corresponds to the minimal
nilpotent coadjoint orbit in the philosophy of Kirillov-Kostant.
  We begin by applying methods from conformal geometry of pseudo-Riemannian
manifolds to a general construction of an infinite-dimensional representation
of the conformal group on the solution space of the Yamabe equation. By
functoriality of the constructions, we obtain different models of the unitary
representation, as well as giving new proofs of unitarity and irreducibility.
  The results in this paper play a basic role in the subsequent papers, where
we give explicit branching formulae, and prove unitarization in the various
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126178 </DOCNO>
K-band spectroscopy of the intermediate polar XY Ari


  We present the K-band infrared spectrum of the intermediate polar XY Ari. The
spectrum confirms the cataclysmic binary nature of XY Ari, showing emission
lines of HeI (2.0587 microns) and the Brackett and Paschen series of HI. The
broad nature of these lines suggest an origin in an accretion disc. The
spectrum is strongly reddened by absorption within the molecular cloud Lynds
1457 and shows prominent absorption features from the secondary star, from
which we determine a spectral type for the secondary of M0V. The secondary
contributes 80 +/- 6% of the K-band light. We derive a visual extinction to XY
Ari of Av = 11.5 +/- 0.3 and a distance of d=270 +/- 100 pc, placing XY Ari
behind the molecular cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4698 </DOCNO>
Functional Callan-Symanzik Equation for the Coulomb Gas


  A non-perturbative scheme, based on the functional generalization of the
Callan-Symanzik equation is developed to treat the Coulomb interaction in an
electron gas. The one-particle irreducible vertex functions are shown to
satisfy an evolution equation whose initial condition is given by means of the
classical action and the final point corresponds to the physical system. This
equation is truncated by expanding it in momenta and excitation energies,
leaving the electric charge as an arbitrary, not necesseraly small parameter.
Exact coupled partial differential equations up to first order in the
frequencies and excitation energies are derived. The numerical integration of
these eqations is left to a later stage. Nevertheless, in order to demonstrate
the relation with the perturbation expansion the one-loop Lindhard function and
screening are reproduced in the independent mode approximation of the evolution
equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124285 </DOCNO>
Supernova Ia Predicted without the Cosmological Constant


  The current big-bang cosmological model requires re-introduction of
Einstein's "regretted" old cosmological constant to fit the astronomical
measurements of supernova Ia magnitude versus redshift. The physical basis of
the cosmological constant and the resulting acceleration of the universe are
not supported by any other physical evidence and some advise caution in rushing
to its acceptance. An altogether new cosmological model with only one
adjustable parameter, the present age of the universe, does provide an
excellent prediction of the supernova measurements without the cosmological
constant. With a minimum description of the new model, a full set of equations
is presented here sufficient to calculate the peak effective magnitude of a
type Ia supernova for an input value of redshift Z and age t0. A full
description of the model, together with many more falsifiable predictions, are
presented elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5315 </DOCNO>
The high-pressure synthesis of MgB2


  The high-pressure synthesis is one of the most promising methods to produce
MgB2 superconductive (SC) material. The available high-pressure apparatuses
have working volume up to 100 cm3 which allows samples up to 60 mm in diameter
to be manufactured. By a short-term (1h) high-pressure (2GPa) synthesis from Mg
and B we have obtained samples 2.4-2.5 g/cm3 in density, 12.1-15.6 GPa in
microhardness (under 4.96 N load), 170-200 kA/cm2 at 10 K and 58-62 kA/cm2 at
20 K in critical current density at a magnetic field of 1T. Samples
demonstrated 8.5 T irreversible field at 10 K and 5.5 T at 20 K. The Ta
positive influence on SC properties of MgB2 has been observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75559 </DOCNO>
Limits on Sizes of Fundamental Particles and on Gravitational Mass of a


  We review the experimental limits on mass of excited fundamental particles
and contact interaction energy scale parameters $\Lambda$ for QCD, QED and
electroweak reactions. In particular we have focused on the QED reaction $
\EEGG $ at the energies from 91GeV{} to 202GeV{} using the differential
cross-sections measured by the L3 Collaboration from 1991 to 1999. A global fit
leads to lower limits at $ 95 % $ CL on $\Lambda > 1687$ GeV, which restricts
the characteristic QED size of the interaction region to $ R_{e} < 1.17 \times
10^{-17} $ cm. All the interaction regions are found to be smaller than the
Compton wavelength of the fundamental particles. This constraint is used to
estimate a lower limit on the size of a fundamental particle related to
gravitational interaction, applying the model of self-gravitating particle-like
structure with the de Sitter vacuum core. It gives $r_{\tau} \geq 2.3 \times
{10^{-17}}$ cm and $r_{e} \geq 1.5 \times 10^{-18} $ cm, if leptons get masses
at the electroweak scale, and $r_{\tau} \geq 3.3 \times {10^{-27}}$ cm, $r_{e}
\geq 4.9 \times 10^{-26} $ cm, as the most stringent limits required by
causality arguments. This sets also an upper limit on the gravitational mass of
a scalar $m_{scalar} \leq{154} $ GeV{} at the electroweak scale and (m_{scalar}
\leq \sqrt{3/8} m_{Pl}) as the most stringent limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84036 </DOCNO>
Predicting RNA Secondary Structures with Arbitrary Pseudoknots by


  The paper investigates the computational problem of predicting RNA secondary
structures. The general belief is that allowing pseudoknots makes the problem
hard. Existing polynomial-time algorithms are heuristic algorithms with no
performance guarantee and can only handle limited types of pseudoknots. In this
paper we initiate the study of predicting RNA secondary structures with a
maximum number of stacking pairs while allowing arbitrary pseudoknots. We
obtain two approximation algorithms with worst-case approximation ratios of 1/2
and 1/3 for planar and general secondary structures,respectively. For an RNA
sequence of $n$ bases, the approximation algorithm for planar secondary
structures runs in $O(n^3)$ time while that for the general case runs in linear
time. Furthermore, we prove that allowing pseudoknots makes it NP-hard to
maximize the number of stacking pairs in a planar secondary structure. This
result is in contrast with the recent NP-hard results on psuedoknots which are
based on optimizing some general and complicated energy functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123846 </DOCNO>
Roche tomography of cataclysmic variables: I. artefacts and techniques


  Roche tomography is a technique used for imaging the Roche-lobe filling
secondary stars in cataclysmic variables (CVs). In order to interpret Roche
tomograms correctly, one must determine whether features in the reconstruction
are real, or due to statistical or systematic errors. We explore the effects of
systematic errors using reconstructions of simulated datasets and show that
systematic errors result in characteristic distortions of the final
reconstructions that can be identified and corrected. In addition, we present a
new method of estimating statistical errors on tomographic reconstructions
using a Monte-Carlo bootstrapping algorithm and show this method to be much
more reliable than Monte-Carlo methods which `jiggle' the data points in
accordance with the size of their error bars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4769 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium effects due to charge fluctuations in intrinsic Josephson


  Nonequilibrium effects in layered superconductors forming a stack of
intrinsic Josephson junctions are investigated. We discuss two basic
nonequilibrium effects caused by charge fluctuations on the superconducting
layers: a) the shift of the chemical potential of the condensate and b) charge
imbalance of quasi-particles, and study their influence on IV-curves and the
position of Shapiro steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83629 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Nonlocal Language Modeling via Hierarchical Topic-Based


  This paper presents a novel method of generating and applying hierarchical,
dynamic topic-based language models. It proposes and evaluates new cluster
generation, hierarchical smoothing and adaptive topic-probability estimation
techniques. These combined models help capture long-distance lexical
dependencies. Experiments on the Broadcast News corpus show significant
improvement in perplexity (10.5% overall and 33.5% on target vocabulary).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3252 </DOCNO>
Fermi liquid theory for the Anderson model out of equilibrium


  We study low-energy properties of the Anderson impurity under a finite bias
voltage $V$ using the perturbation theory in $U$ of Yamada and Yosida in the
nonequilibrium Keldysh diagrammatic formalism, and obtain the Ward identities
for the derivative of the self-energy with respect to $V$. The self-energy is
calculated exactly up to terms of order $\omega^2$, $T^2$ and $V^2$, and the
coefficients are defined with respect to the equilibrium ground state. From
these results, the nonlinear response of the current through the impurity has
been deduced up to order $V^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2932 </DOCNO>
Electron fractionalization and cuprate superconductivity


  We discuss the possibility that the electron may be fractionalized in some
quantum phases of matter in two or higher dimensions. We review the theory of
such phases, and show that their effective theory is a $Z_2$ gauge theory.
These phases may be characterized theoretically through the notion of
topological order. We discuss the appeal of fractionalization ideas for
building theories of the cuprates, and possible ways of testing these ideas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148640 </DOCNO>
A Geometrical Interpretation of Grassmannian Coordinates


  A geometrical interpretation of Grassmannian anticommuting coordinates is
given. They are taken to represent an indefiniteness inherent in every
spacetime point on the level of the spacetime foam. This indeterminacy is
connected with the fact that in quantum gravity in some approximation we do not
know the following information : are two points connected by a quantum wormhole
or not ? It is shown that: (a) such indefiniteness can be represented by
Grassmanian numbers, (b) a displacement of the wormhole mouth is connected with
a change of the Grassmanian numbers (coordinates). In such an interpretation of
supersymmetry the corresponding supersymmetrical fields must be described in an
invariant manner on the background of the spacetime foam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3296 </DOCNO>
Damping and frequency shift in the oscillations of two colliding


  We have investigated the center-of-mass oscillations of a Rb87 Bose-Einstein
condensate in an elongated magneto-static trap. We start from a trapped
condensate and we transfer part of the atoms to another trapped level, by
applying a radio-frequency pulse. The new condensate is produced far from its
equilibrium position in the magnetic potential, and periodically collides with
the parent condensate. We discuss how both the damping and the frequency shift
of the oscillations are affected by the mutual interaction between the two
condensates, in a wide range of trapping frequencies. The experimental data are
compared with the prediction of a mean-field model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86806 </DOCNO>
On the Symmetries of the Edgar-Ludwig Metric


  The conformal Killing equations for the most general (non-plane wave)
conformally flat pure radiation field are solved to find the conformal Killing
vectors. As expected fifteen independent conformal Killing vectors exist, but
in general the metric admits no Killing or homothetic vectors. However for
certain special cases a one-dimensional group of homotheties or motions may
exist and in one very special case, overlooked by previous investigators, a
two-dimensional homethety group exists. No higher dimensional groups of motions
or homotheties are admitted by these metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123697 </DOCNO>
Detectable Signals from Mergers of Compact Stars


  Merging neutron stars and neutron star-black holes binaries are powerful
sources of gravitational waves. They have also been suggested as possible
sources of cosmic gamma-ray bursts and are discussed as sites for the formation
of r-process elements. Whereas the first aspect is undoubtable, the latter two
are very uncertain. The current status of our knowledge and of the numerical
modeling is briefly reviewed and the results of simulations are critically
discussed concerning their significance and implications for potentially
observable signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87078 </DOCNO>
Covariant theory of asymptotic symmetries, conservation laws and central


  Under suitable assumptions on the boundary conditions, it is shown that there
is a bijective correspondence between equivalence classes of asymptotic
reducibility parameters and asymptotically conserved n-2 forms in the context
of Lagrangian gauge theories. The asymptotic reducibility parameters can be
interpreted as asymptotic Killing vector fields of the background, with
asymptotic behaviour determined by a new dynamical condition. A universal
formula for asymptotically conserved n-2 forms in terms of the reducibility
parameters is derived. Sufficient conditions for finiteness of the charges
built out of the asymptotically conserved n-2 forms and for the existence of a
Lie algebra g among equivalence classes of asymptotic reducibility parameters
are given. The representation of g in terms of the charges may be centrally
extended. An explicit and covariant formula for the central charges is
constructed. They are shown to be 2-cocycles on the Lie algebra g. The general
considerations and formulas are applied to electrodynamics, Yang-Mills theory
and Einstein gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124545 </DOCNO>
Observational Constraints on the Formation and Evolution of Binary Stars


  We present a high spatial resolution UV to NIR survey of 44 young binary
stars in Taurus with separations of 10-1000 AU. The primary results include:
(1) The relative ages of binary star components are more similar than the
relative ages of randomly paired single stars, supporting coeval formation. (2)
Only one of the companion masses is substellar, and hence the apparent
overabundance of T Tauri star companions relative to main-sequence star
companions can not be explained by a wealth of substellar secondaries that
would have been missed in main-sequence surveys. (3) Roughly 10% of T Tauri
binary star components have very red NIR colors (K-L > 1.4) and unusually high
mass accretion rates. This phenomenon does not appear to be restricted to
binary systems, however, since a comparable fraction of single T Tauri stars
exhibit the same properties. (4) Although the disk lifetimes of single stars
are roughly equal to their stellar ages, the disk lifetimes of binary stars are
an order of magnitude less than their ages. (5) The accretion rates for both
single and binary T Tauri stars appear to be moderately mass dependent. (6)
Although most classical T Tauri star binaries retain both a circumprimary and a
circumsecondary disk, there are several systems with only a circumprimary disk.
Together with the relative accretion rates, this suggests that circumprimary
disks survive longer, on average, than circumsecondary disks. (7) The disk
lifetimes, mass ratios, and relative accretion signatures of the closest
binaries (10-100 AU) suggest that they are being replenished from a
circumbinary reservoir with low angular momentum. Overall, these results
support fragmentation as the dominant binary star formation mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96106 </DOCNO>
Application of the $\tau$-Function Theory of Painlev\'e Equations to


  Tracy and Widom have evaluated the cumulative distribution of the largest
eigenvalue for the finite and scaled infinite GUE in terms of a PIV and PII
transcendent respectively. We generalise these results to the evaluation of
$\tilde{E}_N(\lambda;a) := \Big < \prod_{l=1}^N \chi_{(-\infty, \lambda]}^{(l)}
(\lambda - \lambda_l)^a \Big>$, where $ \chi_{(-\infty, \lambda]}^{(l)} = 1$
for $\lambda_l \in (-\infty, \lambda]$ and $ \chi_{(-\infty, \lambda]}^{(l)} =
0$ otherwise, and the average is with respect to the joint eigenvalue
distribution of the GUE, as well as to the evaluation of $F_N(\lambda;a) :=
\Big < \prod_{l=1}^N (\lambda - \lambda_l)^a \Big >$. Of particular interest
are $\tilde{E}_N(\lambda;2)$ and $F_N(\lambda;2)$, and their scaled limits,
which give the distribution of the largest eigenvalue and the density
respectively. Our results are obtained by applying the Okamoto $\tau$-function
theory of PIV and PII, for which we give a self contained presentation based on
the recent work of Noumi and Yamada. We point out that the same approach can be
used to study the quantities $\tilde{E}_N(\lambda;a)$ and $F_N(\lambda;a)$ for
the other classical matrix ensembles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98832 </DOCNO>
Kontsevich and Takhtajan construction of star product on the Poisson Lie


  Comparing the star product defined by Takhtajan on the Poisson-Lie group
GL(2) and any star product calculated from the Kontsevich's graphs (any
''K-star product'') on the same group, we show, by direct computation, that the
Takhtajan star product on GL(2) can't be written as a K-star product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1985 </DOCNO>
Fermi Surface Measurements on the Low Carrier Density Ferromagnet


  Recently it has been discovered that weak ferromagnetism of a dilute 3D
electron gas develops on the energy scale of the Fermi temperature in some of
the hexaborides; that is, the Curie temperature approximately equals the Fermi
temperature. We report the results of de Haas-van Alphen experiments on two
concentrations of La-doped CaB6 as well as Ca-deficient Ca1-dB6 and
Sr-deficient Sr1-dB6. The results show that a Fermi surface exists in each case
and that there are significant electron-electron interactions in the low
density electron gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4677 </DOCNO>
Multiple-Point and Multiple-Time Correlations Functions in a Hard-Sphere


  A recent mode coupling theory of higher-order correlation functions is tested
on a simple hard-sphere fluid system at intermediate densities. Multi-point and
multi-time correlation functions of the densities of conserved variables are
calculated in the hydrodynamic limit and compared to results obtained from
event-based molecular dynamics simulations. It is demonstrated that the mode
coupling theory results are in excellent agreement with the simulation results
provided that dissipative couplings are included in the vertices appearing in
the theory. In contrast, simplified mode coupling theories in which the
densities obey Gaussian statistics neglect important contributions to both the
multi-point and multi-time correlation functions on all time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41228 </DOCNO>
Exotic searches at LEP


  In the last five years, the operation of the LEP accelerator has provided the
HEP community with a unique opportunity to search for physics beyond the
standard model at the typical energy scale of $~200$ GeV. Although most of the
data analysis has been focused on the traditional sectors of Higgs and
gravity-mediated SUSY physics, a considerable effort has been dedicated by
ALEPH, DELPHI L3 and OPAL to the search for more exotic physics scenarios,
which go from gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, to compositeness, to
gravitational extra-dimensions. This talk reviews the latest experimental
results on a selection of final states which are believed to be of particular
interest for exotic physics or which present some anomaly in the data with
respect to standard model expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76421 </DOCNO>
Probing New Physics With b Decays


  I discuss how b decays can be used to unravel new physics beyond the Standard
Model. Decays second order in the weak interaction involving loops and CP
violation are emphasized. This information is complementary to that obtainable
with higher energy machines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7529 </DOCNO>
Multifractal Behavior of the Two-Dimensional Ising Model at small


  The distribution of the fractal dimension of the two-dimensional Ising model
at the critical temperature measured by the Monte-Carlo simulation is
discussed. At small spatio-temporal scales it exhibits a multifractal behavior
and is well fitted by a non-Gaussian distribution derived from the R\'enyi or
Tsallis entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86088 </DOCNO>
Pre-big bang in M-theory


  We discuss a simple cosmological model derived from M-theory. Three
assumptions lead naturally to a pre-big bang scenario: (a) 11-dimensional
supergravity describes the low-energy world; (b) non-gravitational fields live
on a three-dimensional brane; and (c) asymptotically past triviality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5372 </DOCNO>
Spin-engineered quantum dots


  Spatially nonhomogeneously spin polarized nuclei are proposed as a new
mechanism to monitor electron states in a nanostructure, or as a means to
createn and, if necessary, reshape such nanostructures in the course of the
experiment. We found that a polarization of nulear spins may lift the spin
polarization of the electron states in a nanostructure and, if sufficiently
strong, leads to a polarization of the electron spins. Polarized nuclear spins
may form an energy landscape capable of binding electrons with energy up to
several meV and the localization radius $ >$ 100\AA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113955 </DOCNO>
Roughness enhanced K x-ray emission from femtosecond laser produced


  K x-ray emission from copper plasmas produced by 100 fs, 806 nm laser pulses
at intensities in the range of 10^15-10^16 W cm^-2 is studied with respect to
input laser polarization and target surface conditions. We demonstrate that
even moderate surface roughness enhances the characteristic x-ray yield by as
much as 70 %. We further show that surface roughness of the targets overrides
the effect of polarization state in light coupling to the plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2683 </DOCNO>
Discrete saturation thickness and anomalous potential height of native


  We have investigated planar metal - insulator - metal tunnel junctions with
aluminum oxide as dielectricum. These oxide barriers were grown on an aluminum
electrode in pure oxygen at room temperature till saturation. We observed
discrete barrier widths separated by \Delta s \approx 0.38 nm, corresponding to
the addition of one layer of oxygen atoms. The minimum thickness of s_0 \approx
0.54 nm is due to a double layer of oxygen. We found a strong and systematic
dependence of the barrier height \Phi_0 on the thickness s like \Phi_0 \approx
2.5 eV / s^2(nm), which nearly coincides with the kinetic electron energy E =
h^2/2ms^2 for which the deBroglie wavelength matches the width of the barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129059 </DOCNO>
Lyman alpha line formation in starbursting galaxies II. Extremely Thick,


  The Lya line transfer in an extremely thick medium of neutral hydrogen is
investigated by adopting an accelerating scheme in our Monte Carlo code to skip
a large number of core or resonant scatterings. This scheme reduces computing
time significantly with no sacrifice in the accuracy of the results. We applied
this numerical method to the Lya transfer in a static, uniform, dustless, and
plane-parallel medium. Two types of photon sources have been considered, the
midplane source and the uniformly distributed sources. The emergent profiles
show double peaks and absorption trough at the line-center. We compared our
results with the analytic solutions derived by previous researchers, and
confirmed that both solutions are in good agreement with each other. We
investigated the directionality of the emergent Lya photons and found that limb
brightening is observed in slightly thick media while limb darkening appears in
extremely thick media. The behavior of the directionality is noted to follow
that of the Thomson scattered radiation in electron clouds, because both Lya
wing scattering and Thomson scattering share the same Rayleigh scattering phase
function. The mean number of wing scatterings just before escape is in exact
agreement with the prediction of the diffusion approximation. The Lya photons
constituting the inner part of the emergent profiles follow the relationship
derived from the diffusion approximation. We present a brief discussion on the
application of our results to the formation of Lya broad absorption troughs and
P-Cygni type Lya profiles seen in the UV spectra of starburst galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126929 </DOCNO>
On the use of Principal Component Analysis in analysing Cepheid light


  We show how Principal Component Analysis can be used to analyse the structure
of Cepheid light curves. This method is more efficient than Fourier analysis at
bringing out changes in light curve shape as a function of period. Using this
technique, we study the shape of fundamental and first overtone mode Cepheid
light curves in the Galaxy, LMC and SMC over a wide period range. For
fundamentals, we find evidence for structural changes at $\log P \approx 1.55,
2.1$. It is suggested that the feature at $\log P \approx 2.1$ is associated
with a resonance in the Cepheid normal mode spectrum. For overtones, we recover
the Z shape in the $R_{21}$ period plane and reproduce the metallicity
dependence of this Z shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127358 </DOCNO>
Kinematics in the Central Kiloparsec of Spiral Galaxies


  Results from kinematic observations of the central regions of spiral galaxies
are reviewed, with particular emphasis on starburst and AGN hosts. While
morphological studies lead to important insight, a more complete understanding
of the physical processes that drive the evolution of the central regions can
be achieved with measurements of the kinematics of gas and stars. Here, a
variety of observational techniques at different wavelengths is critically
discussed, and specific areas of interest are highlighted, such as inflow in
barred galaxies and the origin of nuclear spiral arms. A brief discussion of a
number of case studies is presented to illustrate recent progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6545 </DOCNO>
Berry phase for ferromagnet with fractional spin


  We study the double exchange model on two lattice sites with one conduction
electron in the limit of an infinite Hund's interaction. While this simple
problem is exactly solvable, we present an approximate solution which is valid
in the limit of large core spins. This solution is obtained by integrating out
charge degrees of freedom. The effective action of two core spins obtained in
the result of such an integration resembles the action of two fractional spins.
We show that the action obtained via naive gradient expansion is inconsistent.
However, a ``non-perturbative'' treatment leads to an extra term in the
effective action which fixes this inconsistency. The obtained ``Berry phase
term'' is geometric in nature. It arises from a geometric constraint on a
target space imposed by an adiabatic approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81200 </DOCNO>
A nonperturbative determination of c_A and the scaling of f_pi and


  We calculate the $O(a)$ improvement coefficient for the axial-vector current
using the nonperturbative method proposed by the LANL group. Results for the
coefficient in the range $\beta=5.93$ to 6.2 are presented. We find $c_A$ is
close to the 1-loop tadpole-improved perturbative value. In addition, scaling
of the pseudoscalar decay constant and renormalised quark mass is improved
compared to that obtained using the (larger) $c_A$ values obtained by the ALPHA
collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123740 </DOCNO>
HI 21cm absorption in low z damped lyman-alpha systems


  We report Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) 21cm observations of two
confirmed and one candidate low redshift damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAS). HI
absorption was detected in the two confirmed systems, at z=0.2378 and z=0.5247,
with spin temperatures (Ts) of 2050 +- 200 K and 330 +- 70 K respectively. The
non-detection of absorption in the third (candidate) system places an upper
limit on its optical depth, which in turn implies a 3sigma lower limit of 850 K
on its spin temperature. Ground based K-band imaging observations (Turnshek et
al. 2000) have identified the low Ts absorber with a spiral galaxy while the
high Ts system appears to be an LSB galaxy. This continues the trend noted
earlier by Chengalur and Kanekar (2000) of low spin temperatures for DLAS
associated with spiral galaxies and high spin temperatures for those with no
such association.
  Combining these new results with 21cm observations from the published
literature, we find that (1)The 21 cm equivalent width (EW21) of DLAS increases
with increasing column density (NHI). Further, absorbers associated with spiral
galaxies have systematically higher EW21 at the same NHI than DLAS with no such
association, (2)DLAS at high redshift (z > 2) have small velocity spreads
(DeltaV), while, at low redshift (z < 2), both large and small DeltaV are
observed. These trends are in qualitative agreement with hierarchical models of
galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113670 </DOCNO>
Prediction of stable walking for a toy that cannot stand


  Previous experiments [M. J. Coleman and A. Ruina, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3658
(1998)] showed that a gravity-powered toy with no control and which has no
statically stable near-standing configurations can walk stably. We show here
that a simple rigid-body statically-unstable mathematical model based loosely
on the physical toy can predict stable limit-cycle walking motions. These
calculations add to the repertoire of rigid-body mechanism behaviors as well as
further implicating passive-dynamics as a possible contributor to stability of
animal motions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128131 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Simulations with Adaptive Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics


  We summarize the ideas that led to the Adaptive Smoothed Particle
Hydrodynamics (ASPH) algorithm, with anisotropic smoothing and shock-tracking.
We then identify a serious new problem for SPH simulations with shocks and
radiative cooling --- false cooling --- and discuss a possible solution based
on the shock-tracking ability of ASPH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95714 </DOCNO>
Second problem of globalization in the theory of dynamical systems


  Problem of global integration of geometric structures arising in the theory
of dynamical systems admitting the normal shift is considered. In the case when
such integration is possible the problem of globalization for shift maps is
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72547 </DOCNO>
A Neutrino Mass Matrix Model with many Quantum charges and No SUSY


  We present a model based on our favourite gauge group which we call Anti-GUT
and which in its extended form to be applied for neutrinos in the see-saw
picture consists in that we have for each family separately a set of gauge
fields as in the Standard Model plus a gauged (B-L)-charge. It may function as
a concrete model manifestation of the type of model suggested by some general
statistical considerations as to what a mass matrix model is to be to match
naturally the rough features of the spectrum and the baryon asymmetry so nicely
obtained in see-saw models along the Fukugita-Yanagida scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128092 </DOCNO>
The Origin of Blue Cores in Hubble Deep Fields E/S0 galaxies


  In this letter we address the problem of the origin of blue cores and inverse
color gradients in early-type galaxies reported in the Hubble Deep Field North
and South (HDFs) by Menanteau, Abraham & Ellis 2001. We use a multi-zone single
collapse model. This model accounts for the observed blue cores by adopting a
broad spread in formation redshifts for ellipticals, allowing some of these
galaxies begin forming no more than ~1 Gyr before the redshift of observation.
The single-zone collapse model then produces cores that are bluer than the
outer regions because of the increase of the local potential well toward the
center which makes star-formation more extended in the central region of the
galaxy. We compare the predicted V-I(r) color gradients with the observed ones
using the redshift of formation ($z_F$) of the elliptical as the only free
parameter. We find that the model can account with relatively good agreement
for the blue cores and inverse color gradients found in many spheroidals and at
the same time for the red and smooth colors profiles reported. Based on the
model our analysis suggests two populations of field ellipticals, one formed
recently, within $\lesssim1$Gyr and another much older formed $\gtrsim4$Gyr
since the redshift of observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75893 </DOCNO>
Instanton-Like Processes in Particle Collisions: a Numerical Study of


  We use semiclassical methods to calculate the probability of inducing a
change of topology via a high-energy collision in the SU(2)-Higgs theory. This
probability is determined by a complex solution to a classical boundary value
problem on a contour in the complex time plane. In the case of small particle
number it is the probability of instanton-like processes in particle
collisions. We obtain numerically configurations with the correct topological
features and expected properties in the complex time plane. Our work
demonstrates the feasibility of the numerical approach to the calculation of
instanton-like processes in gauge theories. We present our preliminary results
for the suppression factor of topology changing processes, which cover a wide
range of incoming particle numbers and energies below the sphaleron energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86197 </DOCNO>
Conference Summary - 20th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics


  This is the written version of the summary talk given at the 20th Texas
Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics in Austin, Texas, on December 15, 2000.
After a brief summary of some of the highlights at the conference, comments are
offered on three special topics: theories with large additional spatial
dimensions, the cosmological constant problems, and the analysis of
fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41008 </DOCNO>
Scalar sigma meson effects in rho and omega decays into pi0 pi0 gamma


  The complementarity between Chiral Perturbation Theory and the Linear Sigma
Model in the scalar channel is exploited to study $\pi^0\pi^0$ production in
$\rho$ and $\omega$ radiative decays, where the effects of a low mass scalar
resonance $\sigma(500)$ should manifest. The recently reported data on
$\rho\to\pi^0\pi^0\gamma$ seem to require the contribution of a low mass and
moderately narrow $\sigma(500)$. The properties of this controversial state
could be fixed by improving the accuracy of these measurements. Data on
$\omega\to\pi^0\pi^0\gamma$ can also be accommodated in our framework, but are
much less sensitive to the $\sigma(500)$ properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149775 </DOCNO>
Orbifolds as Melvin Geometry


  In this paper we explicitly show that the various noncompact abelian
orbifolds are realized as special limits of parameters in type II (NSNS) Melvin
background and its higher dimensional generalizations. As a result the
supersymmetric ALE spaces (A-type C^2/Z_N) and nonsupersymmetric orbifolds in
type II and type 0 theory are all connected with each other by the exactly
marginal deformation. Our results provide new examples of the duality between
type II and type 0 string theory. We also discuss the decay of unstable
backgrounds in this model which include closed string tachyons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41017 </DOCNO>
Improving Bounds on Penguin Pollution in B -> pi pi


  In the presence of penguin contributions, the indirect CP asymmetry in B0(t)
-> pi+ pi- measures sin(2\alpha + 2\theta), where 2\theta parametrizes the size
of the penguin ``pollution.'' We derive a new upper bound on |2\theta|,
requiring the measurement of of BR(B+ -> pi+ pi0) and an upper bound on B00
\equiv {1\over 2} [BR(B0 -> pi0 pi0) + BR(B0bar -> pi0 pi0)]. The new bound is
stronger than those previously discussed in the literature. We also present a
lower bound on B00. Current data may suggest that it is not very small, in
which case \theta can be determined using a complete isospin analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73571 </DOCNO>
On Symplectic and Multisymplectic Srtuctures and their Discrete Versions


  We introduce the Euler-Lagrange cohomology to study the symplectic and
multisymplectic structures and their preserving properties in finite and
infinite dimensional Lagrangian systems respectively. We also explore their
certain difference discrete counterparts in the relevant regularly discretized
finite and infinite dimensional Lagrangian systems by means of the difference
discrete variational principle with the difference being regarded as an entire
geometric object and the noncommutative differential calculus on regular
lattice. In order to show that in all these cases the symplectic and
multisymplectic preserving properties do not necessarily depend on the relevant
Euler-Lagrange equations, the Euler-Lagrange cohomological concepts and
content in the configuration space are employed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168573 </DOCNO>
Decoherence : An irreversible Process


  A wide-ranging theory of decoherence is derived from the quantum theory of
irreversible processes, with specific results having for their main limitation
the assumption of an exact pointer basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7100 </DOCNO>
Experimental realization of a relativistic fluxon ratchet


  We report the observation of the ratchet effect for a relativistic flux
quantum trapped in an annular Josephson junction embedded in an inhomogeneous
magnetic field. In such a solid state system mechanical quantities are
proportional to electrical quantities, so that the ratchet effect represents
the realization of a relativistic-flux-quantum-based diode. Mean static voltage
response, equivalent to directed fluxon motion, is experimentally demonstrated
in such a diode for deterministic current forcing both in the overdamped and in
the underdamped dynamical regime. In the underdamped regime, the recently
predicted phenomenon of current reversal is also recovered in our fluxon
ratchet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127243 </DOCNO>
The 1 Ms Chandra Survey of the HDF-N: Populations at the Faintest X-ray


  The Chandra Deep Field-North survey, which has at its center the Hubble Deep
Field-North, has reached an exposure of 1 Ms and is now available to the public
for analysis. This great astronomical resource will soon be released to the
community in the form of a catalog paper with accurate X-ray fluxes in four
bands and astrometry good to approximately 0.6-1.2 arcseconds over the entire
ACIS-I field.
  The scientific focus of this contribution is the population of X-ray sources
detected at X-ray fluxes below the faintest detection limits of X-ray
observatories such as ROSAT and ASCA. These include fairly normal and
star-forming galaxies out to z=2, starburst galaxies from z=2-4 and possibly
very high redshift (z> 6) AGN. The exciting new prospects for studying these
populations in the X-ray band are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98497 </DOCNO>
On the Globalization of Kontsevich's Star Product and the Perturbative


  The globalization of Kontsevich's local formula (resp., the perturbative
expansion of the Poisson sigma model) is described in down-to-earth terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123836 </DOCNO>
Correlation and clustering


  In this lecture we clarify the basic difference between the correlation
properties for systems characterized by small or large fluctuations. The
concepts of correlation length, homogeneity scale, scale invariance and
criticality are discussed as well. We relate these concepts to the
interpretation of galaxy clsutering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98304 </DOCNO>
Average number of distinct part sizes in a random Carlitz composition


  A composition of an integer is called Carlitz if adjacent parts are
different. Several characteristics of random Carlitz compsitions have been
studied recently by Knopfmacher and Prodinger. We complement their work by
establishing the asymptotics of the average number of distinct part sizes in a
random Carlitz composition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73422 </DOCNO>
Gamma Rays from Near-Solar WIMP Annihilations


  If weakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPs) make up the galactic dark
matter halo, high densities of such particles would exist near massive bodies,
such as the sun. The resulting annihilations are believed to produce neutrinos,
gamma rays and other decay products. If any significant fraction of such
annihiliations occur outside of the sun itself, gamma rays may be observable by
detectors on Earth.
  This paper describes a calculation to determine the fraction of
solar-captured WIMP annihiliations which occur outside of the sun. The
implications of this result on experimental searches is also discussed. We find
that the prospect of detecting gamma rays from near-solar WIMP annihilations is
very poor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3948 </DOCNO>
Diploid versus Haploid Organisms


  Using a bit string model, we show that asexual reproduction for diploids is
more efficient than for haploids: it improves genetic material producing new
individuals with less deleterious mutations. We also see that in a system where
competition is present, diploids dominate, even though we consider some
dominant loci.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127036 </DOCNO>
Likelihood Analysis of sub-TeV Gamma-rays from RXJ1713-39


  We have detected gamma-rays from RXJ1713$-$39 in the energy range between 400
GeV and 5 TeV using a new kind of analysis: likelihood analysis. The
statistical significance of the measurement is greater than 8 $\sigma$. The
details of this analysis method are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86595 </DOCNO>
Non--Newtonian gravity and coherence properties of light


  In this work the possibility of detecting a non--Newtonian contribution to
the gravitational potential by means of its effects upon the first and
second--order coherence properties of light is analyzed. It will be proved
that, in principle, the effects of a fifth force upon the correlation functions
of electromagnetic radiation could be used to detect the existence of new
forces. Some constraints upon the experimental parameters will also be deduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150193 </DOCNO>
Charged Tachyons and Gauge Symmetry Breaking


  We discuss the condensation of charged tachyons in the heterotic theory on
the Kaluza-Klein Melvin background. The arguments are based on duality
relations which are expected to hold from the adiabatic argument. It is argued
that in many cases the rank of the gauge group is not changed by the
condensation, as opposed to naive expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86579 </DOCNO>
Dynamical systems approach to G2 cosmology


  In this paper we present a new approach for studying the dynamics of
spatially inhomogeneous cosmological models with one spatial degree of freedom.
By introducing suitable scale-invariant dependent variables we write the
evolution equations of the Einstein field equations as a system of autonomous
partial differential equations in first-order symmetric hyperbolic format,
whose explicit form depends on the choice of gauge. As a first application, we
show that the asymptotic behaviour near the cosmological initial singularity
can be given a simple geometrical description in terms of the local past
attractor on the boundary of the scale-invariant dynamical state space. The
analysis suggests the name ``asymptotic silence'' to describe the evolution of
the gravitational field near the cosmological initial singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123539 </DOCNO>
Visual Spectroscopy of Asteroids at San Pedro Martir


  We present low resolution reflectance spectra over the wavelength range
5000-10000\AA for 4 asteroids (3 belonging to the Nysa family and one
near-Earth asteroid) obtained at the San Pedro Martir Observatory (Mexico)
using the 2.1 m telescope. Though the limited wavelength range covered often
makes a classification difficult, the analysis of the available data reveals
that two asteroids of the Nysa family, (2007) McCuskey and (3130) Hillary, are
probably of F-type and (3384) Daliya of S-type. Near-Earth asteroid (3908) Nyx
(Amor asteroid) shows a spectrum, within the limits of our signal-to-noise
ratio (S/N), consistent with a V-type taxonomic classification and may be a
fragment excavated from Vesta by an impact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73781 </DOCNO>
Production of the $\eta_b(nS)$ states


  The rates for magnetic dipole (M1) transitions $\Upsilon(nS) \to \eta_b(n'S)
+ \gamma$, $n' \le n$, are compared. The photon energies for allowed ($n' = n$)
M1 transitions are very small, so hindered ($n' < n$) transitions could be more
favorable for discovering the $\eta_b(1S,2S)$. The question then arises whether
$\Upsilon(2S)$ or $\Upsilon(3S)$ is a better source of $\eta_b(1S)$. Whereas
one nonrelativistic model favors $\eta_b(1S)$ production from $\Upsilon(2S)$,
this advantage is lost when relativistic corrections are taken into account,
and is not common to all sets of wave functions even in the purely
nonrelativistic limit. Thus, the prospects for discovering $\eta_b(1S)$ in
$\Upsilon(3S)$ radiative decays could be comparable to those in $\Upsilon(2S)$
decays. We also discuss a suggestion for discovering the $\eta_b$ via
$\Upsilon(3S) \to h_b(^1P_1) \pi \pi$, followed by $h_b \to \eta_b \gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124621 </DOCNO>
Time Variable Faraday Rotation Measures of 3C-273 and 3C-279


  Multifrequency polarimetry with the VLBA confirms the previously reported
time-varying Faraday rotation measure (RM) in the quasar 3C-279. Variability in
the RM and electric vector position angle (EVPA) of the jet component (C4) is
seen making it an unreliable absolute EVPA calibrator. 3C-273 is also shown to
vary its RM structure on 1.5 year time-scales. Variation in the RM properties
of quasars may result from a Faraday screen which changes on time-scales of a
few years, or from the motion of jet components which sample spatial variations
in the screen. A new component emerging from the core of 3C-279 appears to be
starting to sample such a spatial variation. Future monitoring of this
component and its RM properties is suggested as a diagnostic of the narrow line
region in 3C-279. We also present a new method of EVPA calibration using the
VLA Monitoring Program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76608 </DOCNO>
Coherent Scalar Field Oscillations and the Epoch of Deceleration


  The discovery of supernova SN 1997ff at z~1.7 has confirmed the expected
switch from cosmological acceleration to deceleration, as predicted by the
concordance Lambda/CDM model. However, its position in the SN Ia Hubble diagram
suggestes that the switch is too pronounced, which here is taken to mean that a
cosmological constant is not an adequate description of the state of the
vacuum. An 'oscillessence' model is invoked, with a scalar field phi governed
by a simple quadratic potential, which gives a better fit to the new data
point. The field is undergoing coherent oscillations, and a key feature of the
proposal is that we are towards the end of the second period of acceleration; a
Lambda/phi mix replaces Lambda/CDM, with Omega_Lambda~0.4 and Omega_phi~0.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76019 </DOCNO>
Violations of local equilibrium and linear response in classical lattice


  We study the dynamics of $\phi^4$ theory and the FPU $\beta$ model under
thermal gradients, from first principles. We analyze quantitatively how local
equilibrium and linear response are violated, paying special care to how we
find observables that unambiguously display these violations. Relations between
these quantities to equations of state are also examined. Further, we discuss
how we can approach similar dynamical problems in continuum quantum field
theory. We analyze how close we are to obtaining the continuum results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1291 </DOCNO>
On the Spin-Orbital Structure of the "Zero" Magnetization


  The spin-orbital configurations of the coherently precessing spin modes
characterized by a small value of the magnetization $(M\ll M_{0}=\chi H_{0})$
is considered. Various regimes are analysed depending on the transverse
rf-field strength

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3013 </DOCNO>
The Contribution of Hot Electron Spin Polarization to the


  The effect of spin mixing due to thermal spin waves and temperature
dependence of hot electron spin polarization to the collector current in a
spin-valve transistor has been theoretically explored. We calculate the
collector current as well as the temperature dependence of magnetocurrent at
finite temperatures to investigate the relative importance of spin mixing and
hot electron spin polarization. In this study the inelastic scattering events
in ferromagnetic layers have been taken into account to explore our interests.
The theoretical calculations suggest that the temperature dependence of hot
electron spin polarization has substantial contribution to the magnetotransport
in the spin-valve transistor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73260 </DOCNO>
A Dynamical Principle For 3D-4D Interlinkage In Salpeter-like Equations


  The half-century old Markov-Yukawa Transversality Principle ($MYTP$) which
provides a theoretical rationale for the covariant instantaneous approximation
($CIA$) that underlies all Salpeter-like equations, is generalized to a
covariant null-plane ansatz ($CNPA$). A common characteristic of both
formulations is an exact 3D-4D interlinkage of BS amplitudes which facilitates
a two-tier description: the 3D form for spectroscopy, and the 4D form for
transition amplitudes as 4D loop integrals. Some basic applications of $MYTP$
on the covariant null plane (quark mass function, vacuum condensates, and decay
constants) are given on the lines of earlier applications to these processes
under $CIA$.
  PACS: 03.65.-w ; 03.65.Co ; 11.10.Qr ; 11.10.St
  Keywords: Markov-Yukawa Transversality Principle ($MYTP$); Salpeter-like eqs;
Cov Instantaneity Ansatz ($CIA$); Cov Null-Plane Ansatz ($CNPA$); 3D-4D
interlinkage; Vertex function; 4D loops

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127718 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio as Drivers for the Observable


  Recent studies of black holes in the nuclei of both active and normal
galaxies have yielded relationships that permit a physical interpretation of
the principal components of the spectra of QSOs. It is shown that principal
component (or eigenvector) 1 (PC1) is driven predominantly by L/L{Edd}, and
principal component 2 (PC2) is driven by luminosity or accretion rate. This
results in a PC2 vs. PC1 diagram in which lines of constant black hole mass are
diagonal. Using a sample consisting of the low-redshift PG objects supplemented
by 46 radio-loud QSOs, it is shown that such a diagram effectively
distinguishes radio-loud from radio-quiet as well as demonstrating that both
narrow-line Seyfert 1s and broad absorption-line QSOs (BALQSOs) lie at the high
L/LEdd} extreme, though these two types of objects are well separated in the
PC2 direction. The very few radio-loud BALQSOs known fall in the region
expected to be populated by such objects. Finally, a simple picture that ties
together physical parameters and classification of AGN is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1458 </DOCNO>
Optical Cooper Pair Breaking Spectroscopy of Cuprate Superconductors


  The photon energy dependence of optical Cooper pair breaking rate (CPBR) is
studied for compressibly strained La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 (LSCO) films and
YBa2Cu2.92Zn0.08O7-delta (YBCZO) thin films, and compared to that in
YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO). Unlike in the case of YBCO, the CPBR for LSCO does not
show obvious photon energy dependence. In YBCZO the CPBR shows strong photon
energy dependence similar to YBCO, but with a red shift in the peak position.
Analysis of these results strongly favours a physical picture based on
electronic phase separation in high Tc superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129533 </DOCNO>
Transient Phenomena and Outbursts from Galactic Black-Hole Candidates


  The RossiXTE mission provided us with an unprecedentedly large database of
X-ray observations of transient black-hole candidates. These systems are
crucial for the understanding of the physical properties of mass accretion onto
black holes. Here I review the results on a selected sample of systems and
describe their behavior in a purely phenomenological way. From these results,
we can derive a better classification of the spectral and timing
characteristics of black hole candidates in terms of basic states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4237 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Gap Structure of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2 Probed by


  The thermal conductivity of organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2
(Tc =10.4 K) has been studied in a magnetic field rotating within the 2D
superconducting planes with high alignment precision. At low temperatures (T <
0.5 K), a clear fourfold symmetry in the angular variation, which is
characteristic of a d-wave superconducting gap with nodes along the directions
rotated 45 degrees relative to the b and c axes of the crystal, was resolved.
The determined nodal structure is inconsistent with recent theoretical
predictions of superconductivity induced by the antiferromagnetic spin
fluctuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126325 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations and the Nature of the Anomalous Arms of NGC 4258 (M


  This paper presents high resolution X-ray observations with Chandra of NGC
4258 and infers the nature of the so called ``anomalous arms'' in this galaxy.
The anomalous arms dominate the X-ray image; diffuse X-ray emission from the
``plateaux'' regions, seen in radio and H$\alpha$ imaging, is also found. X-ray
spectra have been obtained at various locations along the anomalous arms and
are well described by thermal (mekal) models with kT in the range 0.37 - 0.6
keV. The previously known kpc-scale radio jets are surrounded by cocoons of hot
X-ray emitting gas for the first 350 pc of their length. The radio jets, seen
in previous VLBA and VLA observations, propagate perpendicular to the compact
nuclear gas disk (imaged in water vapor maser emission). The angle between the
jets and the rotation axis of the galactic disk is 60$^{\circ}$. The jets shock
the normal interstellar gas along the first 350 pc of their length, causing the
hot, X-ray emitting cocoons noted above. At a height of z = 175 pc from the
disk plane, the jets exit the normal gas disk and then propagate though the low
density halo until they reach ``hot spots'' (at 870 pc and 1.7 kpc from the
nucleus), which are seen in radio, optical line and X-ray emission. These jets
must drive mass motions into the low density halo gas. This high velocity halo
gas impacts on the dense galactic gas disk and shock heats it along and around
a ``line of damage'', which is the projection of the jets onto the galactic gas
disk as viewed down the galaxy disk rotation axis. However, because NGC 4258 is
highly inclined ($i$ = 64$^{\circ}$), the ``line of damage'' projects on the
sky in a different direction to the jets themselves. We calculate the expected
p.a. of the ``line of damage'' on the sky and find that it coincides with the
anomalous arms to within 2$^{\circ}$. (Abstract truncated).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129424 </DOCNO>
Resolved Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Mysterious Pre-Main Sequence


  We obtained new near-infrared images of the prototypical pre-main sequence
triple system T Tau, as well as the first resolved medium-resolution spectra of
the close pair T Tau S. At the time of our observations, the tight binary had a
13 AU projected separation and showed significant motion since its discovery,
three years before. The orbit cannot be strongly constrained yet, but the
observed motion of T Tau Sb with respect to T Tau Sa suggests that the system
is at least as massive as T Tau N itself. This may indicate that T Tau N is not
the most massive star in the system. The spectrum of T Tau Sa, which is totally
featureless except for a strong Br gamma emission line, identifies this
component with the ``infrared companion'', whose exact nature remains obscure
but may be the consequence of it being the most massive component of the
system. Contrasting sharply with T Tau Sa, the spectrum of T Tau Sb shows
numerous photospheric features consistent with an early-M spectral type. The
presence of a strong Br gamma emission line and of a significant veiling
continuum classifies this object as a deeply embedded T Tauri star. From these
observations, we conclude that both components of T Tau S are embedded in their
own dense circumstellar cocoon of material, which are probably fed by a much
more extended structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123977 </DOCNO>
Formation of contact in massive close binaries


  We present evolutionary calculations for 74 close binaries systems with
initial primary masses in the range 12...25 M_sun, and initial secondary masses
between 6 and 24 M_sun. The initial periods were chosen such that mass overflow
starts during the core hydrogen burning phase of the primary (Case A), or
shortly thereafter (Case B). We assume conservative evolution for contact-free
systems, i.e., no mass or angular momentum loss from those system except due to
stellar winds. We investigate the borderline between contact-free evolution and
contact, as a function of the initial system parameters. We also investigate
the effect of the treatment of convection, and found it relevant for contact
and supernova order in Case A systems, particularly for the highest considered
masses. For Case B systems we find contact for initial periods above
approximate 10 days and below. However, in that case (and for not too large
periods) contact occurs only after the mass ratio has been reversed, due to the
increased fraction of the donor's convective envelope. As most In all Cases we
find contact for mass ratios below approximate 0.65. We derive the observable
properties of our systems after the major mass transfer event, where the mass
gainer is a main sequence or supergiant O or early B type star, and the mass
loser is a helium star. We point out that the assumption of conservative
evolution for contact-free systems could be tested by finding helium star
companions to O stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127404 </DOCNO>
The Small-scale Structure of N103B - Nature of Nuture?


  We present new results from a 40.8 ks Chandra ACIS observation of the young
supernova remnant (SNR) N103B located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The high
resolution Chandra image reveals structure at the sub-arcsecond level,
including several bright knots and filaments. Narrow-band imaging and spatially
resolved spectroscopy reveal dramatic spectral variations in this remnant as
well. In this paper we discuss whether these variations are due to
inhomogeneities in the surrounding environment or were generated in the
explosion which created the SNR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77133 </DOCNO>
New Variational Principles in Classical and Semiclassical Mechanics


  We demonstrate that reciprocal Maupertuis' Principle is the classical limit
of Schr\"{o}dinger's Variational Principle in Quantum Mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3790 </DOCNO>
On the Green's Function of the almost-Mathieu Operator


  The square tight-binding model in a magnetic field leads to the
almost-Mathieu operator which, for rational fields, reduces to a $q\times q$
matrix depending on the components $\mu$, $\nu$ of the wave vector in the
magnetic Brillouinzone. We calculate the corresponding Green's function without
explicit knowledge of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions and obtain analytical
expressions for the diagonal and the first off-diagonal elements; the results
which are consistent with the zero magnetic field case can be used to calculate
several quantities of physical interest (e. g. the density of states over the
entire spectrum, impurity levels in a magnetic field).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81270 </DOCNO>
Spin 1/2 as propagation on a lattice with symmetries modulo gauge


  Relativistic spin 1/2, as represented by Susskind's 1977 discretization of
the Dirac equation on a spatial lattice, is shown to follow from basic, not
typically relativistic but essentially quantum theoretic assumptions: that
position eigenstates propagate to nearest neighbours while respecting lattice
symmetries modulo gauge transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73701 </DOCNO>
One-loop QCD corrections to gluon-gluon scattering at NNLO


  We present the O(alphas^4) virtual QCD corrections to gluon-gluon scattering
due to the self-interference of the one-loop amplitude. We give analytic
expressions renormalised in the MSbar scheme and work in conventional
dimensional regularisation. We write the structure of the infrared divergences
from direct Feynman diagram evaluation in terms of the Catani formalism for
infrared divergences. Formulae for the finite remainder are given in terms of
logarithms that are real in the physical region. These results, together with
those previously obtained for quark-quark and quark-gluon scattering complete
the one-loop matrix elements for 2 to 2 processes needed for the
next-to-next-to-leading order contribution to inclusive jet production at
hadron colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97415 </DOCNO>
Compactification of configuration spaces via Hilbert schemes


  Let F(X,n):= X^n-\Delta be the complementary of the union \Delta of the
diagonals of X^n and let U be a quotient of F(X,n) (possibly trivial) by a
subgroup of the symmetric group S_n. We construct compactifications of U in
products of Hilbert schemes. Our approach generalizes and unifies classical
constructions by Schubert-Semple, Le Barz-Keel, Kleiman and Cheah. An extensive
study is done in the case n<4. This includes in particular a complete
classification and a description of the quotients by the natural actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149512 </DOCNO>
Non-BPS D-branes and M-theory


  A dual pair of supersymmetric string theories that involves an asymmetric
orbifold and an orientifold of Type II is considered. The D-branes of the
orbifold theory (that were recently determined by Gutperle) are all non-BPS and
do not carry any conserved gauge charges. It is shown that they carry
non-trivial K-theory charges, and that they can be understood in terms of
branes wrapping certain homology classes of the M-theory compactification.
Using the adiabatic argument, dual partners of some of these non-BPS D-branes
are proposed. The relations between these dual states are found to be in
agreement with the M-theory description of the D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1449 </DOCNO>
Effect of the In-Plane Magnetic Field on Conduction of the Si-inversion


  We compare the effects of temperature, disorder and parallel magnetic field
on the metallic-like temperature dependence of the resistivity. We found a
similarity between the effects of disorder and parallel field: the parallel
field weakens the metallic-like conduction in high mobility samples and make it
similar to that for low-mobility samples. We found a smooth continuous effect
of the in-plane field on conduction, without any threshold. While conduction
remains non-activated, the parallel magnetic field restores the same
resistivity value as the high temperature does. This matching sets substantial
constraints on the choice of the theoretical models developed to explain the
mechanism of the metallic conduction and parallel field magnetoresistance in 2D
carrier systems. We demonstrate that the data for magneto- and temperature
dependence of the resistivity of Si-MOS samples in parallel field may be well
described by a simple model of the magnetic field dependent disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179539 </DOCNO>
Pion-nucleon scattering in a Bethe-Salpeter approach


  A covariant model of elastic pion-nucleon scattering based on the
Bethe-Salpeter equation is presented. We obtain a good description of the S-
and P-wave phase shifts up to 360 MeV laboratory energy. We also compare
results from the K-matrix approach and several 3-dimensional quasipotential
equations to the Bethe-Salpeter equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127167 </DOCNO>
Precision Neutrino Counting


  In the framework of the standard, hot big bang cosmological model the
dynamics of the early evolution of the universe is controlled by the energy
density of relativistic particles, among which neutrinos play an important
role. In equilibrium, the energy density contributed by one flavor of
relativistic neutrinos is 7/8 of that of the cosmic background radiation (CBR)
photons. As the universe expands and cools, neutrinos decouple and their
subsequent contribution to the energy density is modified by the relative
heating of the CBR photons when electron-positron pairs annihilate. The small
corrections to the post-annihilation energy density of the standard model
neutrinos due to incomplete decoupling and finite-temperature QED effects are
reviewed (correcting an error in the literature) and extended to account for
possible additional relativistic degrees of freedom whose presence might modify
the predictions of primordial nucleosynthesis and of the predicted CBR
anisotropies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96054 </DOCNO>
Quiver varieties and a non-commutative P^2


  To any finite group G in SL_2(C), and each `t' in the center of the group
algebra of G, we associate a category, Coh_t. It is defined as a suitable
quotient of the category of graded modules over (a graded version of) the
deformed preprojective algebra introduced by Crawley-Boevey and Holland. The
category Coh_t should be thought of as the category of coherent sheaves on a
`noncommutative projective 2-space', equipped with a framing at the line at
infinity. Our first result establishes an isomorphism between the moduli space
of torsion free objects of Coh_t and the Nakajima quiver variety arising from G
via the McKay correspodence.
  We apply the above isomorphism to deduce generalized Crawley-Boevey & Holland
conjecture, saying that the moduli space of `rank 1' projective modules over
the deformed preprojective algebra is isomorphic to a particular quiver
variety. This reduces, for G=1, to the recently obtained parametrisation of the
isomorphism classes of right ideals in the first Weyl algebra, A_1, by points
of the Calogero-Moser space, due to Cannings-Holland and Berest-Wilson. Our
approach is algebraic and is based on a monadic description of torsion free
sheaves on the noncommutative projective 2-space. It is totally different from
the one used by Berest-Wilson, involving $\tau$-functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6690 </DOCNO>
The Sznajd model of consensus building with limited persuasion


  The Sznajd model, where two people having the same opinion can convince their
neighbours on the square lattice, is modified in the sense of Deffuant et al
and Hegselmann, that only neighbours of similar opinions can be convinced. Then
consensus is easy for the competition of up to three opinions but difficult for
four and more opinions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128622 </DOCNO>
Variable Stars in the Fornax Dwarf Galaxy


  We present a search for variable stars in the Fornax dwarf galaxy covering an
area of 1/2 a square degree. We have ~30 epochs of VI data. We found and
determined periods for more than 500 RR Lyrae, 17 anomalous Cepheids, 6
Population II Cepheids. In addition we have 85 candidate Long Period Variables,
the majority of which were previously unknown. We estimated that the average
metal abundance of RR Lyrae stars is [Fe/H] ~ -1.6 dex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124530 </DOCNO>
First results from the Isaac Newton Telescope Wide Angle Survey: The z>5


  We report the first results of an observational program designed to determine
the luminosity density of high redshift quasars (z > 5 quasars) using deep
multi-colour CCD data. We report the discovery and spectra of 3 i < 21.5 high
redshift (z > 4.4) quasars, including one with z > 5. At z=5.17, this is the
fourth highest redshift quasar currently published. Using these preliminary
results we derive an estimate of the M \rm_B < - 25.0 (M \rm_{AB1450} < - 24.5)
quasar space density in the redshift range 4.8 < z < 5.8 of 3.6 \pm2.5\times
10^{-8} \Mpc ^{-3} . When completed the survey will provide a firm constraint
on the contribution to the ionizing UV background in the redshift range 4.5 -
5.5 from quasars by determining the faint end slope of the quasar luminosity
function. The survey uses imaging data taken with the 2.5m Isaac Newton
Telescope as part of the Public Isaac Newton Group Wide Field Survey (WFS).
This initial sample of objects is taken from two fields of effective area $\sim
12.5deg ^2$ from the final $\sim 100deg ^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4326 </DOCNO>
Weak localization of light by cold atoms: the impact of quantum internal


  Since the work of Anderson on localization, interference effects for the
propagation of a wave in the presence of disorder have been extensively
studied, as exemplified in coherent backscattering (CBS) of light. In the
multiple scattering of light by a disordered sample of thermal atoms,
interference effects are usually washed out by the fast atomic motion. This is
no longer true for cold atoms where CBS has recently been observed. However,
the internal structure of the atoms strongly influences the interference
properties. In this paper, we consider light scattering by an atomic dipole
transition with arbitrary degeneracy and study its impact on coherent
backscattering. We show that the interference contrast is strongly reduced.
Assuming a uniform statistical distribution over internal degrees of freedom,
we compute analytically the single and double scattering contributions to the
intensity in the weak localization regime. The so-called ladder and crossed
diagrams are generalized to the case of atoms and permit to calculate
enhancement factors and backscattering intensity profiles for polarized light
and any closed atomic dipole transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129271 </DOCNO>
FIRST-based survey of Compact Steep Spectrum sources I. MERLIN images of


  Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) sources are powerful extragalactic radio sources
with angular dimensions of the order of a few arcseconds or less. Such a
compactness is apparently linked to the youth of these objects. The majority of
CSSs investigated so far have been known since the early 1980s. This paper is
the first in a series where we report the results of an observational campaign
targeted on a completely new sample of CSSs which are significantly weaker than
those investigated before. The ultimate goal of that campaign is to find out
how ``weak'' CSSs compare to ``strong'', classical ones, especially with regard
to the morphologies. Here we present an analysis of morphological and physical
properties of five relatively large sources based on MERLIN observations at 1.6
and 5 GHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128594 </DOCNO>
The Cepheid Period-Luminosity relation and the maser distance to NGC


  In a recent paper describing HST observations of Cepheids in the spiral
galaxy NGC 4258, Newman et al. (2001) report that the revised calibrations and
methods for the Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale yield that the
true distance modulus of this galaxy is 29.40+-0.09 mag, corresponding to a
metric distance of 7.6+-0.3 Mpc. This Cepheid distance, which holds for 18.50
mag as the true distance modulus of the LMC, is not significantly larger than
7.2+-0.5 Mpc, the value determined by Herrnstein et al. (1999) from purely
geometric considerations on the orbital motions of water maser sources.
However, if the metallicity difference D[O/H]~0.35 between NGC 4258 and LMC is
taken into account, then the Key Project methods lead to a
metallicity-corrected value of 29.47+-0.09 mag, with 18.50 mag for the LMC,
namely to a Cepheid distance of 7.8+-0.3 Mpc, which is 1.2 sigma from the maser
determination. In this paper we show that the metallicity correction on Cepheid
distance determinations, as suggested by pulsation models, might provide the
natural way of reaching a close agreement between Cepheid and maser distance to
NGC 4258 for a wide variety of LMC distance determinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96601 </DOCNO>
Algebraic solution for the vector potential in the Dirac equation


  The Dirac equation for an electron in an external electromagnetic field can
be regarded as a singular set of linear equations for the vector potential.
Radford's method of algebraically solving for the vector potential is reviewed,
with attention to the additional constraints arising from non-maximality of the
rank. The extension of the method to general spacetimes is illustrated by
examples in diverse dimensions with both $c$- and $a$-number wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129666 </DOCNO>
Could Edge-Lit Type Ia Supernovae be Standard Candles


  The progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have not been identified.
Though they are no longer fashionable we investigate the consequences if a
significant number of SNe Ia were edge-lit detonations (ELDs) of carbon/oxygen
white dwarfs that have accreted a critical mass of helium. Our best
understanding of the Phillips relation between light curve speed and peak
luminosity assigns both these phenomena to the amount of $^{56}$Ni produced. In
ELDs there are two sites of $^{56}$Ni synthesis. If the peak luminosity is
determined primarily by the C/O ratio in the core it is primarily a function of
its progenitor's initial mass. If the light curve decay speed is determined by
the total mass of iron group elements ejected this is a function of the total
mass of the ELD at the time of explosion. In general these two masses are
correlated and an empirical relation between peak luminosity and light curve
shape can be expected. However when we perform population synthesis for
progenitors of different metallicities we find a systematic shift in this
relation that would make distant SNe Ia fainter than those nearby. The
abundances of alpha-rich isotopes, such as $^{44}$Ca, in the solar system
indicate that only about 40 per cent of SNe Ia are edge-lit so any systematic
effect that could be present would be correspondingly diluted. If we examine
only the small subset of ELDs that accrete from a naked helium star, rather
than a He white dwarf, the systematic effect disappears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 944 </DOCNO>
Nearest-neighbour Attraction Stabilizes Staggered Currents in the 2D


  Using a strong-coupling approach, we show that staggered current vorticity
does not obtain in the repulsive 2D Hubbard model for large on-site Coulomb
interactions, as in the case of the copper oxide superconductors. This trend
also persists even when nearest-neighbour repulsions are present. However,
staggered flux ordering emerges {\bf only} when attractive nearest-neighbour
Coulomb interactions are included. Such ordering opens a gap along the
$(\pi,0)-(0,\pi)$ direction and persists over a reasonable range of doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96323 </DOCNO>
Automorphism groups in a family of K3 surfaces


  A few facts concerning the phrase "the automorphism groups become larger at
special points of the moduli of K3 surfaces" are presented. It is also shown
that the automorphism groups are of infinite order over a dense subset in any
one-dimensional non-trivial family of projective K3 surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179541 </DOCNO>
Double beta decay in deformed nuclei


  The pseudo SU(3) approach has been used to describe many low-lying rotational
bands, as well as BE(2) and B(M1) intensities in rare earth and actinide
nuclei, both with even-even and odd-mass numbers . The double beta half lives
of some of these parent nuclei to the ground and excited states of the daughter
ones were evaluated for the two and zero neutrino emitting modes using the
pseudo SU(3) scheme. The predictions were in good agreement with the available
experimental data for 150Nd and 238U.
  The double electron capture half-lives of 156Dy, 162Er and 168Yb were also
studied using the same formalism. The first nuclei was found to be the best
candidate for experimental detection, with a half-life of 10^24 yr to the first
excited 0+ state in 156Gd. There are strong selection rules which restrict the
two neutrino mode of the double beta decay in some other nuclei, including
160Gd. Experimental limits for the double beta decay of 160Gd have been
reported . Recently it was argued that the strong cancellation of the 2nu mode
in the double beta decay of 160Gd would suppress the background for the
detection of the 0nu mode.
  In the present contribution we extend the previous research evaluating the
double beta half lives of 160Gd using the pseudo SU(3) model. While the 2nu
mode is forbidden when the most probable occupations are considered, states
with different occupation numbers can be mixed through the pairing interaction.
The amount of this mixing is evaluated using perturbation theory. The
possibility of observing the double beta decay in 160Gd is discussed for both
the 2nu and 0nu modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126923 </DOCNO>
Colors and luminosities of the optical afterglows of the gamma-ray


  Results of the study of the color indices and luminosities of 17 optical
afterglows (OAs) of GRBs are presented. We show that the color variations
during the decline of OAs (except for GRB000131) are relatively small during
t-T_0 < 10 days and allow a comparison among them, even for the less densely
sampled OAs. The colors in the observer frame, corrected for the Galactic
reddening, concentrate at (V-R)_0 = 0.40 +- 0.13, (R-I)_0 = 0.46 +- 0.18,
(B-V)_0 = 0.47 +- 0.17. The color evolution of the OAs is negligible although
their brightness declines by several magnitudes during the considered time
interval. Such a strong concentration of the color indices also suggests that
the intrinsic reddening (inside their host galaxies) must be quite similar and
relatively small for all these events. The absolute brightness of OAs in the
observer frame, corrected for the host galaxy, lies within M_(R_0) = -26.5 to
-22.2 for (t-T_0)_rest = 0.25 days. This spread of M_(R_0) is not significantly
influenced by the shifts of lambda, caused by the different redshift z of the
respective OAs. The general decline rate of the OA sample considered here seems
to be independent of the absolute optical brightness of the OA, measured at
some t-T_0 identical for all OAs, and the light curves of all events are almost
parallel, when corrected for the redshift-induced time dilation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74358 </DOCNO>
Detecting cosmic rays of the highest energies


  Charged cosmic rays have been measured up to macroscopic energies. Concerning
neutrinos, the detection is still limited to terrestrial ones (apart from
supernova production). A new way to search for extragalactic neutrinos is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41109 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Higgs Search in the Four Jet Channel at LEP


  The Standard Model Higgs boson was searched for at LEP, by the four
collaborations in the year 2000, at centre-of-mass energies from 200-209GeV. An
excess of events, potentially compatible with the production of a Higgs boson
of mass ~115GeV was observed, largely in the four-jet channel. The search in
this channel is discussed in this letter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1489 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of the Power law exponent of relaxation in a


  The dynamics of Lennard-Jones fluid is studied through extended mode coupling
theory (MCT) with the inclusion of the slow mode of defect density. Inclusion
of defect density facilitates the liquid like state for temperatures much lower
than predicted from ideal MCT. From the present model the temperature
dependence of the power law exponent is obtained at a {\em constant pressure}.
We have also computed the wave number dependence of the power law exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81312 </DOCNO>
Chiral property of domain-wall fermion from eigenvalues of 4D


  We investigate a chiral property of the domain-wall fermion (DWF) system
using the four-dimensional hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator $H_W$. A formula
expressing the Ward-Takahashi identity quark mass $m_{5q}$ with eigenvalues of
this operator is derived, which well explains the $N_5$ dependence of $m_{5q}$
observed in previous numerical simulations. We further discuss the chiral
property of DWF in the large volume in terms of the spectra of $H_W$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 995 </DOCNO>
Percolation and jamming in random sequential adsorption of linear


  We present the results of study of random sequential adsorption of linear
segments (needles) on sites of a square lattice. We show that the percolation
threshold is a nonmonotonic function of the length of the adsorbed needle,
showing a minimum for a certain length of the needles, while the jamming
threshold decreases to a constant with a power law. The ratio of the two
thresholds is also nonmonotonic and it remains constant only in a restricted
range of the needles length. We determine the values of the correlation length
exponent for percolation, jamming and their ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2149 </DOCNO>
The instability of Alexander-McTague crystals and its implication for


  We show that the argument of Alexander and McTague, that the bcc crystalline
structure is favored in those crystallization processes where the first order
character is not too pronounced, is not correct. We find that any solution that
satisfies the Alexander-McTague condition is not stable. We investigate the
implication of this result for nucleation near the pseudo- spinodal in
near-meanfield systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74424 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing a MSSM Higgs Boson from the SM Higgs Boson at a Linear


  The decoupling properties of the Higgs sector in the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM) imply that a light CP-even Higgs boson discovered at the
Tevatron or LHC may closely resemble the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson. In
this paper, we investigate how precision measurements of Higgs properties at a
Linear Collider (LC) can distinguish between a CP-even Higgs boson of the MSSM
and the SM Higgs boson. We review the expected theoretical behavior of the
partial widths and branching ratios for decays of the neutral MSSM Higgs bosons
with significant couplings to the W and Z bosons, including the leading
radiative corrections to the mixing angle alpha and tan beta-enhanced vertex
corrections. The general expectation is that the Higgs couplings to W+W-, ZZ, c
cbar and t tbar should quickly approach their SM values for increasing CP-odd
Higgs mass mA, while the couplings to b bbar and tau+ tau- do so more slowly.
Using the expected experimental and theoretical accuracy in determining SM
branching ratios and partial widths, we demonstrate the sensitivity of
measurements at the LC to variations in the MSSM parameters, with particular
attention to the decoupling limit. For a wide range of MSSM parameters, the LC
is sensitive to mA ~ 600 GeV almost independently of tan beta. For large values
of tan beta and some specific choices of MSSM parameters [e.g., A_t mu < 0 and
|A_t| ~ |mu| ~ O(M_S)], one of the CP-even Higgs bosons can be SM-like
independent of the value of mA. In the case of large deviations from the SM, we
present a procedure using Higgs coupling measurements to extract the
supersymmetric correction to the relation between the b quark mass and Yukawa
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74754 </DOCNO>
Analysis of $B_{s} \to KK$ decays in the PQCD


  We study $B_{s}\to KK$ decays in the framework of the PQCD. We show that the
branching ratios of $B_{s}\to (K^+ K^-, K^0 \bar{K}^0)$ are about $(22.43,
25.78) \times 10^{-6}$ for $\phi_{3}(\gamma)\simeq72^0$, which are consistent
with the model-independent estimations. We find that the typical scale of the
decays is near 1.7 GeV. We also point out that the induced strong phase
$\delta$ is around $207^0$ so that the direct CP asymmetry of $B_{s}\to K^+K^-$
could reach 15%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149334 </DOCNO>
Introduction to string field theory


  The 1988 book, now free, with corrections and bookmarks (for pdf).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4638 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of viscoelastic membranes


  We determine both the in-plane and out-of-plane dynamics of viscoelastic
membranes separating two viscous fluids in order to understand microrheological
studies of such membranes. We demonstrate the general viscoelastic signatures
in the dynamics of shear, bending, and compression modes. We also find a
screening of the otherwise two-dimensional character of the response to point
forces due to the presence of solvent. Finally, we show that there is a linear,
hydrodynamic coupling between the in-plane compression modes of the membrane
and the out-of-plane bending modes in the case where the membrane separates two
different fluids or environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4655 </DOCNO>
Decorating Random Quadrangulations


  On various regular lattices (simple cubic, body centred cubic..) decorating
an edge with an Ising spin coupled by bonds of strength L to the original
vertex spins and competing with a direct anti-ferromagnetic bond of strength
alpha L can give rise to three transition temperatures for suitable alpha. The
system passes through ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, anti-ferromagnetic and
paramagnetic phases respectively as the temperature is increased.
  For the square lattice on the other hand multiple decoration is required to
see this effect. We note here that a single decoration suffices for the Ising
model on planar random quadrangulations (coupled to 2D quantum gravity). Other
random bipartite lattices such as the Penrose tiling are more akin to the
regular square lattice and require multiple decoration to have any affect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179127 </DOCNO>
Shrinking $\hbar$ as a recipe for revealing classical-like contributions


  A simple recipe for revealing classical-like contributions in optical
potential cross sections is proposed. The recipe is based on the fact that the
classical-like properties are not expected to depend on the actual value of
$\hbar$. This allows us to identify the classical-like characteristics of an
optical potential cross section by simply repeating the calculation with
different values of $\hbar$, and observing which properties of the cross
section are invariant. This method is applied to the cross sections of a few
optical potentials used to describe the recent data of light heavy-ion elastic
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128052 </DOCNO>
The Optical Counterpart of the Accreting Millisecond Pulsar SAX


  We present multiband optical/infrared photometry of V4580 Sgr, the optical
counterpart of the accretion-powered millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658, taken
during the 1998 X-ray outburst of the system. The optical flux is consistent
with emission from an X-ray-heated accretion disk. Self-consistent modeling of
the X-ray and optical emission during the outburst yields best-fit extinction
Av=0.68 and inclination cos(i)=0.65, assuming a distance of 2.5 kpc. The
allowed inclination range requires that the pulsar's stellar companion has
extremely low mass, 0.05-0.10 Msun. Some of the infrared observations are not
consistent with disk emission and are too bright to be from either the disk or
the companion, even in the presence of X-ray heating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76363 </DOCNO>
Renormalon cancellation and Borel summability of the Gross-Neveu model


  The exact mass gap of the O(N) Gross-Neveu model is known, for arbitrary N,
from non-perturbative methods. However, a "naive" perturbative expansion of the
mass exhibits an infinite set of infrared renormalons at order 1/N, formally
similar to the QCD heavy quark pole mass renormalons, potentially leading to
large ${\cal O}(\Lambda)$ perturbative ambiguities. We examine the precise
cancellation mechanism of such infrared renormalons, which avoids this (only
apparent) contradiction, and operates without need of (Borel) summation contour
prescription, usually preventing unambiguous separation of perturbative
contributions. As a consequence we stress the direct Borel summability of the
(genuine) perturbative expansion of the mass gap at order at least 1/N. We
briefly speculate on a possible similar behaviour of analogous non-perturbative
QCD quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125086 </DOCNO>
The Implications of the New Z=0 Stellar Models and Yields on the Early


  Motivated by the recent detection of metals in different components of the
high redshift universe and by the abundance ratios measured in the extremely
metal-poor stars of our Galaxy, we study the nucleosynthesis constraints that
this imposes on an early generation of stars (Population III). To do so we take
into account the chemical yields obtained from homogeneous evolutionary
calculations of zero metal stars in the mass range $3\la m/M_\odot\la 40$
(Limongi et al. 2000, Chieffi et al. 2001). We also consider the role played by
metal-free very massive objects (m$>100$ M$_\odot$). Using both analytical and
numerical chemical evolution models, we confront model predictions from the
different choices of the mass function proposed for Population III with the
observational constraints. We show that low values of star formation efficiency
($<1%$) are required so as not to exceed the minimum metallicity ([C/H]$\approx
-2.4$) measured in the high redshift systems for any of the IMFs proposed. We
also show that the observational constraints require $\Omega_{sr}< 3\times
10^{-3}\Omega_b$, confirming previous claims that the possible contribution of
the stellar remnants from Population III to the baryonic dark matter is
insignificant. At present, however, the scarcity of abundance measurements for
high redshift systems does not permit us to put severe limitations on the
nature of the initial mass function for Population III. In fact, overabundances
of alpha-elements with respect to iron of the order of those measured in damped
Lyman-$\alpha$ systems are obtained for any of the IMFs tested. Nevertheless,
to account for the very large [C,N/Fe] ratios found in a considerable number of
extremely metal-poor stars of our Galaxy, an IMF peaking at the intermediate
stellar mass range (4-8 M$_\odot$) is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126061 </DOCNO>
The velocity field of collapsing spherical structures. Limitations of


  We assume that the amplitude of the caustics in redshift space is a sum of
two components: the first one can be predicted by the spherical infall model
with no random motion, and the second is due to the random motion distribution.
Smooth model curves are used to estimate the maximum values of the first
component for the Coma cluster. Then, an approximation of the radial component
of the infall velocity --based on the above curves-- is derived and a mass
profile of the cluster is calculated. This mass profile, that is an upper limit
for the spherical infall model, combined with estimations given by other
authors provides an approximation of a lower limit for the mass of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74675 </DOCNO>
Comments on Non-Commutative Phenomenology


  It is natural to ask whether non-commutative geometry plays a role in four
dimensional physics. By performing explicit computations in various toy models,
we show that quantum effects lead to violations of Lorentz invariance at the
level of operators of dimension three or four. The resulting constraints are
very stringent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96641 </DOCNO>
A Generalization of Moufang and Steiner Loops


  We study a variety of loops, RIF, which arise naturally from considering
inner mapping groups, and a somewhat larger variety, ARIF. All Steiner and
Moufang loops are RIF, and all flexible C-loops are ARIF. We show that all ARIF
loops are diassociative, thus generalizing Moufang's Theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179335 </DOCNO>
A Mathematica Program Using Isotropic Harmonic Oscillator Eigenstates to


  We have developed a Mathematica program which uses three-dimensional,
isotropic harmonic oscillator wavefunctions for the solutions interior to the
nucleus, and Coulomb wavefunctions for the exterior. The algorithm enables us
to calculate the half life for alpha decay for alpha decay for varying depths
of the nuclear potential well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148179 </DOCNO>
Interference of Spin-2 Self-Dual Modes


  We study the effects of interference between the self-dual and anti self-dual
massive modes of the linearized Einstein-Chern-Simons topological gravity. The
dual models to be used in the interference process are carefully analyzed with
special emphasis on their propagating spectrum. We identify the opposite dual
aspects, necessary for the application of the interference formalism on this
model. The soldered theory so obtained displays explicitly massive modes of the
Proca type. It may also be written in a form of Polyakov-Weigman identity to a
better appreciation of its physical contents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124046 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Radiation from Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most relativistic objects known so far,
involving, on one hand an ultra-relativistic motion with a Lorentz factor
$\Gamma > 100$ and on the other hand an accreting newborn black hole. The two
main routes leading to this scenario: binary neutron star mergers and Collapsar
- the collapse of a rotating star to a black hole, are classical sources for
gravitational radiation. Additionally one expect a specific a gravitational
radiation pulse associated with the acceleration of the relativistic ejecta. I
consider here the implication of the observed rates of GRBs to the possibility
of detection of a gravitational radiation signal associated with a GRB.
Unfortunately I find that, with currently planned detectors it is impossible to
detect the direct gravitational radiation associated with the GRB. It is also
quite unlikely to detect gravitational radiation associated with Collapsars.
However, the detection of gravitational radiation from a neutron star merger
associated with a GRB is likely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126049 </DOCNO>
The Reanalysis of the ROSAT Data of GQ Mus (1983) Using White Dwarf


  The analyses of X-ray emission from classical novae during the outburst stage
have shown that the soft X-ray emission below 1 keV, which is thought to
originate from the photosphere of the white dwarf, is inconsistent with the
simple blackbody model of emission. Thus, $ROSAT$ Position Sensitive
Proportional Counter (PSPC) archival data of the classical novae GQ Mus 1983
(GQ Mus) have been reanalyzed in order to understand the spectral development
in the X-ray wavelengths during the outburst stage. The X-ray spectra are
fitted with the hot white dwarf atmosphere emission models developed for the
remnants of classical novae near the Eddington luminosity. The post-outburst
X-ray spectra of the remnant white dwarf is examined in the context of
evolution on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram using C-O enhanced atmosphere
models. The data obtained in 1991 August (during the ROSAT All Sky Survey)
indicate that the effective temperature is kT_e<54 eV (<6.2x10^5 K). The 1992
February data show that the white dwarf had reached an effective temperature in
the range 38.3-43.3 eV (4.4-5.1x10^5 K) with an unabsorbed X-ray flux (i.e.,
$\sim$ bolometric flux) between 2.5x10^-9 and 2.3x10^-10 erg s^-1 cm^-2. We
show that the H burning at the surface of the WD had most likely ceased at the
time of the X-ray observations. Only the 1991 August data show evidence for
ongoing H burning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97174 </DOCNO>
Cohomologie tangente et cup-produit pour la quantification de Kontsevich


  On a flat manifold, M. Kontsevich's formality quasi-isomorphism is compatible
with cup-products on tangent cohomology spaces, in the sense that its
derivative at any formal Poisson 2-tensor induces an isomorphism of graded
commutative algebras from Poisson cohomology space to Hochschild cohomology
space relative to the associated deformed multiplication. We give here a
detailed proof of this result, with signs and orientations precised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169043 </DOCNO>
Linear optics and projective measurements alone suffice to create


  We propose a method for preparing maximal path entanglement with a definite
photon number N, larger than two, using projective measurements. In contrast
with the previously known schemes, our method uses only linear optics.
Specifically, we exhibit a way of generating four-photon, path-entangled states
of the form |4,0> + |0,4>, using only four beam splitters and two detectors.
These states are of major interest as a resource for quantum interferometric
sensors as well as for optical quantum lithography and quantum holography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114298 </DOCNO>
Exact Solution of the Harmonic Oscillator in Arbitrary Dimensions with


  We determine the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the harmonic
oscillator where the coordinates and momenta are assumed to obey the modified
commutation relations [x_i,p_j]=i hbar[(1+ beta p^2) delta_{ij} + beta' p_i
p_j]. These commutation relations are motivated by the fact they lead to the
minimal length uncertainty relations which appear in perturbative string
theory. Our solutions illustrate how certain features of string theory may
manifest themselves in simple quantum mechanical systems through the
modification of the canonical commutation relations. We discuss whether such
effects are observable in precision measurements on electrons trapped in strong
magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168050 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Simulations of Shor's Algorithm


  We demonstrate that, in the case of Shor's algorithm for factoring, highly
mixed states will allow efficient quantum computation, indeed factorization can
be achieved efficiently with just one initial pure qubit and a supply of
initally maximally mixed qubits (S. Parker and M. B. Plenio, Phys. Rev. Lett.
85, 3049 (2000)) . This leads us to ask how this affects the entanglement in
the algorithm. We thus investigate the behaviour of entanglement in Shor's
algorithm for small numbers of qubits by classical computer simulation of the
quantum computer at different stages of the algorithm. We find that
entanglement is an intrinsic part of the algorithm and that the entanglement
through the algorithm appears to be closely related to the amount of mixing.
Furthermore, if the computer is in a highly mixed state any attempt to remove
entanglement by further mixing of the algorithm results in a significant
decrease in its efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7470 </DOCNO>
On A Bosonization Approach To Disordered Systems


  In [1] a new bosonization procedure has been illustrated, which allows to
express a fermionic gaussian system in terms of commuting variables at the
price of introducing an extra dimension. The Fermi-Bose duality principle
established in this way has many potential applications also outside the
context of gauge field theories in which it has been developed. In this work we
present an application to the problem of averaging the correlation functions
with respect to random potentials in disordered systems and similar problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125523 </DOCNO>
The Cluster Substructure - Alignment Connection


  Using the APM cluster data we investigate whether the dynamical status of
clusters is related to the large-scale structure of the Universe. We find that
cluster substructure is strongly correlated with the tendency of clusters to be
aligned with their nearest neighbour and in general with the nearby clusters
that belong to the same supercluster. Furthermore, dynamically young clusters
are more clustered than the overall cluster population. These are strong
indications that cluster develop in a hierarchical fashion by anisotropy
merging along the large-scale filamentary superclusters within which they are
embedded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126346 </DOCNO>
On the physical processes which lie at the bases of time variability of


  The relative-space-time-transformation (RSTT) paradigm and the interpretation
of the burst-structure (IBS) paradigm are applied to probe the origin of the
time variability of GRBs. Again GRB 991216 is used as a prototypical case,
thanks to the precise data from the CGRO, RXTE and Chandra satellites. It is
found that with the exception of the relatively inconspicuous but
scientifically very important signal originating from the initial ``proper
gamma ray burst'' (P-GRB), all the other spikes and time variabilities can be
explained by the interaction of the accelerated-baryonic-matter pulse with
inhomogeneities in the interstellar matter. This can be demonstrated by using
the RSTT paradigm as well as the IBS paradigm, to trace a typical spike
observed in arrival time back to the corresponding one in the laboratory time.
Using these paradigms, the identification of the physical nature of the time
variablity of the GRBs can be made most convincingly. It is made explicit the
dependence of a) the intensities of the afterglow, b) the spikes amplitude and
c) the actual time structure on the Lorentz gamma factor of the
accelerated-baryonic-matter pulse. In principle it is possible to read off from
the spike structure the detailed density contrast of the interstellar medium in
the host galaxy, even at very high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97087 </DOCNO>
Palindrome complexity


  We study the palindrome complexity of infinite sequences on finite alphabets,
i.e., the number of palindromic factors (blocks) of given length occurring in a
given sequence. We survey the known results and obtain new results for some
sequences, in particular for Rote sequences and for fixed points of primitive
morphisms of constant length belonging to the class P substitutions of
Hof-Knill-Simon. We also give an upper bound for the palindrome complexity of a
sequence in terms of its (block-)complexity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75082 </DOCNO>
Theory of the Quark-Gluon Plasma


  These lectures are an introduction to recent developments in the study of the
high temperature phase of QCD by using weak coupling techniques. After a brief
introduction to some techniques of quantum field theory at finite temperature,
I proceed to an analysis of the various important scales and degrees of freedom
of the quark-gluon plasma and focus on the effective theory for the collective
modes which develop at the particular momentum scale $gT$, where $g$ is the
gauge coupling and $T$ the temperature. A powerful technique to construct the
effective theory is based on kinetic equations which govern the dynamics of the
hard degrees of freedom. Some of the collective phenomena that are described by
this effective theory are briefly mentioned. Then I turn to the calculation of
the entropy of the quark-gluon plasma and show how the information coded in the
effective theory can be exploited in (approximately) self-consistent
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3766 </DOCNO>
p-Adic Models of Ultrametric Diffusion Constrained by Hierarchical


  We demonstrate that p-adic analysis is a natural basis for the construction
of a wide variety of the ultrametric diffusion models constrained by
hierarchical energy landscapes. A general analytical description in terms of
p-adic analysis is given for a class of models. Two exactly solvable examples,
i.e. the ultrametric diffusion constraned by the linear energy landscape and
the ultrametric diffusion with reaction sink, are considered. We show that such
models can be applied to both the relaxation in complex systems and the rate
processes coupled to rearrangenment of the complex surrounding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85737 </DOCNO>
Analytical treatment of critical collapse in 2+1 dimensional AdS


  We present an exact collapsing solution to 2+1 gravity with a negative
cosmological constant minimally coupled to a massless scalar field, which
exhibits physical properties making it a candidate critical solution. We
discuss its global causal structure and its symmetries in relation with those
of the corresponding continously self-similar solution derived in the
$\Lambda=0$ case. Linear perturbations on this background lead to approximate
black hole solutions. The critical exponent is found to be $\gamma = 2/5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3554 </DOCNO>
Dynamical pattern formation upon dewetting


  Dewetting of thin liquid films is monitored in situ by atomic force
microscopy, results are compared with simulations. The experimental setting is
mimicked as close as possible using the experimental parameters including the
effective interface potential. Numerics for the thin film equation are based on
recently developed schemes which are up to now the only methods convergent in
all relevant space dimensions. Temporal evolution and morphology of experiment
and simulation are compared quantitatively. Our results explain the origin of
complex generic patterns that evolve upon dewetting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5650 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic potential of the Periodic Anderson Model with the X-boson


  The Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) in the $U\to\infty$ limit has been studied
in a previous work employing the cumulant expansion with the hybridization as
perturbation (M. S. Figueira, M. E. Foglio and G. G. Martinez, Phys. Rev. B
\textbf{50}, 17933 (1994)). When the total number of electrons $N_{t}$ is
calculated as a function of the chemical potential $\mu$ in the ``Chain
Approximation'' (CHA), there are three values of the chemical potential $\mu$
for each $N_{t}$ in a small interval of $N_{t}$ at low $T$ (M. S Figueira, M. E
Foglio, Physica A 208 (1994)). We have recently introduced the ``X-boson''
method, inspired in the slave boson technique of Coleman, that solves the
problem of non conservation of probability (completeness) in the CHA as well as
removing the spurious phase transitions that appear with the slave boson method
in the mean field approximation. In the present paper we show that the X-boson
method solves also the problem of the multiple roots of $N_{t}(\mu)$ that
appear in the CHA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40715 </DOCNO>
Measurement of direct CP violation by the NA48 experiment at CERN


  The NA48 experiment at CERN has performed a measurement of direct CP
violation in the neutral kaon system, based on data collected in 1997 and 1998.
The preliminary result for the parameter $\Re(\epsilon^{\prime}/\epsilon)$ is
$(14.0 \pm 4.3) \times 10^{-4}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 284 </DOCNO>
Warm and Cold Denaturation in the Phase Diagram of a Protein Lattice


  Studying the properties of the solvent around proteins, we propose a much
more sophisticated model of solvation than temperature-independent pairwise
interactions between monomers, as is used commonly in lattice representations.
We applied our model of solvation to a 16-monomer chain constrained on a
two-dimensional lattice. We compute a phase diagram function of the temperature
and a solvent parameter which is related to the pH of the solution. It exhibits
a native state in which the chain coalesces into a unique compact conformation
as well as a denatured state. Under certain solvation conditions, both warm and
cold denaturations occur between the native and the denatured states. A good
agreement is found with the data obtained from calorimetric experiments,
thereby validating the proposed model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75349 </DOCNO>
A systematic study of QCD coupling constant from deep inelastic


  We reanalyze deep inelastic scattering data of BCDMS Collaboration by
including proper cuts of ranges with large systematic errors. We perform also
the fits of high statistic deep inelastic scattering data of BCDMS, SLAC, NM
and BFP Collaborations taking the data separately and in combined way and find
good agreement between these analyses. We extract the values of both the QCD
coupling constant \alpha_s(M^2_Z) up to NLO level and of the power corrections
to the structure function F_2. The fits of the combined data for the nonsinglet
part of the structure function F_2 predict the coupling constant value
\alpha_s(M^2_Z) = 0.1174 \pm 0.0007 (stat) \pm 0.0019 (syst) \pm 0.0010
(normalization) (or QCD parameter \Lambda^{(5)}_{MSbar} = 204 \pm 25 (total
exper.err.) MeV). The fits of the combined data for both: the nonsinglet part
and the singlet one, lead to the values \alpha_s(M^2_Z) = 0.1177 \pm 0.0007
(stat) \pm 0.0021 (syst) \pm 0.0009 (normalization) (or QCD parameter
\Lambda^{(5)}_{MSbar} = 208 \pm 27 (total exper.err.) MeV). Both above values
are in very good agreement with each other. We estimate theoretical
uncertainties for \alpha_s(M^2_Z) as +0.0047 and -0.0057 from fits of the
combine data, when complete singlet and nonsinglet Q^2 evolution is taken into
account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129695 </DOCNO>
Tracing the Remnants of Powerful Quasars to Probe the IGM


  Powerful quasars and radio galaxies are injecting large amounts of energy in
the form of radio plasma into the inter-galactic medium (IGM). Once this
nonthermal component of the IGM has radiatively cooled the remaining radio
emission is difficult to detect. Two scenarios in which the fossil radio plasma
can be detected and thus be used to probe the IGM are discussed: a)
re-illumination of the radio emission due to the compression in large-scale
shock waves, and b) inverse Compton scattered radiation of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB), cosmic radio background (CRB), and the internal very low
frequency synchrotron emission of the still relativistic low energy electron
population. We present 3-D magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of scenario a)
and compare them to existing observations. Finally, we discuss the feasibility
of the detection of process b) with upcoming instruments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148606 </DOCNO>
From Q-walls to Q-balls


  We study $Q$-ball type solitons in arbitrary spatial dimensions in the
setting recently described by Kusenko, where the scalar field potential has a
flat direction which rises much slower than $\phi^2$. We find that the general
formula for energy as a function of the charge is, $E_d\sim Q_d^{(d/d+1)}$ in
spatial dimension $d$. We show that the Hamiltonian governing the stability
analysis of certain $Q$-wall configurations, which are one dimensional $Q$-ball
solutions extended to planar, wall-like configurations in three dimensions, can
be related to supersymmetric quantum mechanics. $Q$-wall and $Q$-string (the
corresponding extensions of 2 dimensional $Q$-balls in 3 spatial dimensions)
configurations are seen to be unstable, and will tend to bead and form planar
or linear arrays of 3 dimensional $Q$-balls. The lifetime of these wall-like
and string-like configurations is, however, arbitrarily large and hence they
could be of relevance to cosmological density fluctuations and structure
formation in the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74709 </DOCNO>
b -> s gamma in a calculable model of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking


  In a recently proposed extension of the Standard Model with a compact extra
dimension of size R we compute the leading corrections, of relative order (m_t
R)^2, to the Branching Ratio B -> X_s gamma. For 1/R = 370 \pm 80 GeV, the
branching ratio is increased in a significant way relative to the SM, although
not al level of being inconsistent with present measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1647 </DOCNO>
A dynamical approach to protein folding


  In this paper we show that a dynamical description of the protein folding
process provides an effective representation of equilibrium properties and it
allows for a direct investigation of the mechanisms ruling the approach towards
the native configuration. The results reported in this paper have been obtained
for a two-dimensional toy-model of amino acid sequences, whose native
configurations were previously determined by Monte Carlo techniques. The
somewhat controversial scenario emerging from the comparison among various
thermodynamical indicators is definitely better resolved relying upon a truly
dynamical description, that points out the crucial role played by long-range
interactions in determining the characteristic step-wise evolution of ``good''
folders to their native state. It is worth stressing that this dynamical
scenario is consistent with the information obtained by exploring the energy
landscapes of different sequences. This suggests that even the identification
of more efficient ``static'' indicators should take into account the peculiar
features associated with the complex ``orography'' of the landscape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7438 </DOCNO>
Subband structure of II-VI modulation-doped magnetic quantum wells


  Here we investigate the spin-dependent subband structure of newly-developed
Mn-based modulation-doped quantum wells. In the presence of an external
magnetic field, the s-d exchange coupling between carriers and localized d
electrons of the Mn impurities gives rise to large spin splittings resulting in
a magnetic-field dependent subband structure. Within the framework of the
effective-mass approximation, we self-consistently calculate the subband
structure at zero temperature using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with a
Local Spin Density Approximation (LSDA). We present results for the
magnetic-field dependence of the subband structure of shallow ZnSe/ZnCdMnSe
modulation doped quantum wells. Our results show a significant contribution to
the self-consistent potential due to the exchange-correlation term. These
calculations are the first step in the study of a variety of interesting
spin-dependent phenomena, e.g., spin-resolved transport and many-body effects
in polarized two-dimensional electron gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73536 </DOCNO>
CP violation in the inclusive b -> s g decay in the framework of multi


  We study the decay width and CP asymmetry of the inclusive process b--> s g
(g denotes gluon) in the multi Higgs doublet models with complex Yukawa
couplings, including next to leading QCD corrections. We analyse the
dependencies of the decay width and CP asymmetry on the scale \mu and CP
violating parameter \theta. We observe that there exist an enhancement in the
decay width and CP asymmetry is at the order of 10^{-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127350 </DOCNO>
Shocks and dust survival in nearby active galaxies: implications for the


  One of the most popular explanations for the so-called alignment effect in
high redshift (z>0.7) radio galaxies is the scattering by dust of the hidden
quasar light. As shown by De Young (1998) a problem with the dust scattering
model is that the short destruction time-scale for dust grains means that they
will not survive the passage of the radio jet.
  We investigate the survival of dust in the extended ionised gas of nearby
active galaxies with jet/gas interactions. We discuss the implications on the
alignment effect of high redshift (>0.7) radio galaxies. We conclude that
although shocks are likely to destroy dust grains in regions of interaction,
dust might survive in enough quantities to scatter light from the active
nucleus and produce alignment between scattered light and the radio structures.
  We propose an observational test to investigate the existence of dust in
shocked regions based on the sensitivity of calcium to depletion onto dust
grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179131 </DOCNO>
New mechanism for the enhancement of $sd$ dominance in interacting boson


  We introduce an exactly solvable model for interacting bosons that extend up
to high spin and interact through a repulsive pairing force. The model exhibits
a phase transition to a state with almost complete $sd$ dominance. The
repulsive pairing interaction that underlies the model has a natural
microscopic origin in the Pauli exclusion principle between contituent
nucleons. As such, repulsive pairing between bosons seems to provide a new
mechanism for the enhancement of $sd$ dominance, giving further support for the
validity of the $sd$ Interacting Boson Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95411 </DOCNO>
Foliations with one-sided branching


  We show that for a taut foliation F with one-sided branching of an atoroidal
3-manifold M, one can construct a pair of genuine laminations with solid torus
complementary regions which bind every leaf of F in a geodesic lamination.
These laminations come from a universal circle, a refinement of the universal
circles proposed by Thurston, which maps monotonely and group-equivariantly to
each of the circles at infinity of the leaves of the universal cover of F, and
is minimal with respect to this property. This circle is intimately bound up
with the extrinsic geometry of the leaves of F. In particular, for any pair of
leaves m,l of the universal cover of F with m>l, the leaf l is asymptotic to m
in a dense set of directions at infinity, where the leaf space is co-oriented
so that the foliation branches in the negative direction. This is a macroscopic
version of an infinitesimal result of Thurston's and gives much more drastic
control over the topology and geometry of F.
  The pair of laminations can be used to produce a pseudo-Anosov flow
transverse to F which is regulating in the non-branching direction. Rigidity
results for these laminations in the R-covered case are extended to the case of
one-sided branching. In particular, an R-covered foliation can only be deformed
to a foliation with one-sided branching along one of the two laminations
canonically associated to the R-covered foliation in math.GT/9903173, and these
laminations become exactly the laminations constructed for the new branched
foliation.
  Other corollaries include that the ambient manifold is d-hyperbolic in the
sense of Gromov, and that a self-homeomorphism of this manifold homotopic to
the identity is isotopic to the identity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7237 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen-bonded Silica Gels Dispersed in a Smectic Liquid Crystal: A


  The effect on the nematic to smectic-A transition in octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB)
due to dispersions of hydrogen-bonded silica (aerosil) particles is
characterized with high-resolution x-ray scattering. The particles form weak
gels in 8CB creating a quenched disorder that replaces the transition with the
growth of short range smectic correlations. The correlations include thermal
critical fluctuations that dominate at high temperatures and a second
contribution that quantitatively matches the static fluctuations of a random
field system and becomes important at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2133 </DOCNO>
Angle Dependence of the Transverse Thermal Conductivity in


  We have measured the transverse thermal conductivity $\kappa_{xy}$ of twinned
and untwinned YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ single crystals as a function of angle
$\theta$ between the magnetic field applied parallel to the CuO$_2$ planes and
the heat current direction, at different magnetic fields and temperatures. For
both crystals we observed a clear twofold variation in the field-angle
dependence of $\kappa_{xy}(\theta) = - \kappa^0_{xy}(T,B) \sin(2\theta)$. We
have found that the oscillation amplitude $\kappa^0_{xy}$ depends on
temperature and magnetic field. Our results show that $\kappa^0_{xy} = a B
\ln(1/(bB))$ with the temperature- and sample-dependent parameters $a$ and $b$.
We discuss our results in terms of Andreev scattering of quasiparticles by
vortices and a recently proposed theory based on the Doppler shift in the
quasiparticle spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1962 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the social network of scientific collaborations


  The co-authorship network of scientists represents a prototype of complex
evolving networks.
  By mapping the electronic database containing all relevant journals in
mathematics and neuro-science for an eight-year period (1991-98), we infer the
dynamic and the structural mechanisms that govern the evolution and topology of
this complex system.
  First, empirical measurements allow us to uncover the topological measures
that characterize the network at a given moment, as well as the time evolution
of these quantities.
  The results indicate that the network is scale-free, and that the network
evolution is governed by preferential attachment, affecting both internal and
external links.
  However, in contrast with most model predictions the average degree increases
in time, and the node separation decreases.
   Second, we propose a simple model that captures the network's time
evolution.
  Third, numerical simulations are used to uncover the behavior of quantities
that could not be predicted analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95614 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Size Ramsey Results for Bipartite Graphs


  We investigate size Ramsey numbers involving bipartite graphs. It is proved
that, if each forbidden graph is fixed or grows with n (in a certain uniform
manner), then the extremal function has a linear asymptotics.
  The corresponding slope can be obtained as the minimum of a certain mixed
integer program. Applying the Farkas Lemma, we solve the MIP for complete
bipartite graphs, in particular answering a question of Erdos, Faudree,
Rousseau and Schelp (1978) who asked for the asymptotics of the size Ramsey
number of (K_{s,n},K_{s,n}) for fixed s and large n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86562 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal Equation of State in Anisotropic Static Fluid Spheres in


  We show that it is possible to obtain credible static anisotropic spherically
symmetric matter configurations starting from known density profiles and
satisfying a nonlocal equation of state. These particular types of equation of
state describe, at a given point, the components of the corresponding
energy-momentum tensor not only as a function at that point, but as a
functional throughout the enclosed configuration. To establish the physical
plausibility of the proposed family of solutions satisfying nonlocal equation
of state, we study the constraints imposed by the junction and energy
conditions on these bounded matter distributions.
  We also show that it is possible to obtain physically plausible static
anisotropic spherically symmetric matter configurations, having nonlocal
equations of state\textit{,}concerning the particular cases where the radial
pressure vanishes and, other where the tangential pressures vanishes. The later
very particular type of relativistic sphere with vanishing tangential stresses
is inspired by some of the models proposed to describe extremely magnetized
neutron stars (magnetars) during the transverse quantum collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4305 </DOCNO>
Duality and spatial inhomogeneity


  Within the framework on non-extensive thermostatistics we revisit the
recently advanced q-duality concept. We focus our attention here on a modified
q-entropic measure of the spatial inhomogeneity for binary patterns. At a fixed
length-scale this measure exhibits a generalised duality that links appropriate
pairs of q and q' values. The simplest q <-> q' invariant function, without any
free parameters, is deduced here. Within an adequate interval q < qo < q', in
which the function reaches its maximum value at qo, this invariant function
accurately approximates the investigated q-measure, nitidly evidencing the
duality phenomenon. In the close vicinity of qo, the approximate meaningful
relation q + q' = 2qo holds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2092 </DOCNO>
Field-Induced Two-Step Phase Transitions in the Singlet Ground State


  The ground state of the stacked triangular antiferromagnet CsFeBr$_3$ is a
spin singlet due to the large single ion anisotropy $D(S^z)^2$. The
field-induced magnetic ordering in this compound was investigated by the
magnetic susceptibility, the magnetization process and specific heat
measurements for an external field parallel to the $c$-axis. Unexpectedly, two
phase transitions were observed in the magnetic field $H$ higher than 3 T. The
phase diagram for temperature versus magnetic field was obtained. The mechanism
leading to the successive phase transitions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40764 </DOCNO>
Weak decays to final states with Radial Excitation Admixtures


  We consider the weak decays of a B meson to final states that are mixtures of
S-wave radially excited components. We consider non leptonic decays of the type
$B \to \rho' \pi/B \to \rho \pi$, $B \to \omega' \pi/B \to \omega \pi$ and $B
\to \phi' \pi/B \to \phi \pi$ where $\rho'$, $\omega'$ and $\phi'$ are higher
$\rho$, $\omega$ and $\phi$ resonances. We find such decays to have larger or
similar branching ratios compared to decays where the final state $\rho$,
$\omega$ and $\phi$ are in the ground state. We also study the effect of radial
mixing in the vector and the pseudoscalar systems generated from hyperfine
interaction and the annihilation term. We find the effects of radial mixing to
be small and generally negligible for all practical purposes in the vector
system. However, in the $\eta-\eta^{\prime}$ system the effects of radial
mixing are appreciable and seriously affect decay branching ratios for $B \to
\eta(\eta')K(K^*)$. In particular we find that nonstandard $\eta(\eta')$ mixing
can resolve the puzzles in $B \to \eta(\eta')K$ decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76206 </DOCNO>
Can black holes and naked singularities be detected in accelerators?


  We study the conditions for the existence of black holes that can be produced
in colliders at TeV-scale if the space-time is higher dimensional. On employing
the microcanonical picture, we find that their life-times strongly depend on
the details of the model. If the extra dimensions are compact (ADD model),
microcanonical deviations from thermality are in general significant near the
fundamental TeV mass and tiny black holes decay more slowly than predicted by
the canonical expression, but still fast enough to disappear almost
instantaneously. However, with one warped extra dimension (RS model),
microcanonical corrections are much larger and tiny black holes appear to be
(meta)stable. Further, if the total charge is not zero, we argue that naked
singularities do not occur provided the electromagnetic field is strictly
confined on an infinitely thin brane. However, they might be produced in
colliders if the effective thickness of the brane is of the order of the
fundamental length scale (~1/TeV).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129505 </DOCNO>
Photometric variability in the old open cluster M 67. II. General Survey


  We use differential CCD photometry to search for variability in BVI among 990
stars projected in and around the old open cluster M 67. In a previous paper we
reported results for 22 cluster members that are optical counterparts to X-ray
sources; this study focuses on the other stars in our observations. A variety
of sampling rates were employed, allowing variability on time scales ranging
from \sim 0.3 hours to \sim 20 days to be studied. Among the brightest sources
studied, detection of variability as small as sigma approx 10 mmag is achieved
(with > 3 sigma confidence); for the typical star observed, sensitivity to
variability at levels sigma approx 20 mmag is achieved. The study is unbiased
for stars with 12.5 < B < 18.5, 12.5 < V < 18.5, and 12 < I < 18 within a
radius of about 10 arcmin from the cluster centre. In addition, stars with 10 <
BVI < 12.5 were monitored in a few small regions in the cluster. We present
photometry for all 990 sources studied, and report the variability
characteristics of those stars found to be variable at a statistically
significant level. Among the variables, we highlight several sources that merit
future study, including stars located on the cluster binary sequence, stars on
the giant branch, blue stragglers, and a newly discovered W UMa system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149511 </DOCNO>
Flux stabilization in compact groups


  We consider the Born-Infeld action for symmetry-preserving, orientable
D-branes in compact group manifolds. We find classical solutions that obey the
flux quantization condition. They correspond to conformally invariant boundary
conditions on the world sheet. We compute the spectrum of quadratic
fluctuations and find agreement with the predictions of conformal field theory,
up to a missing level-dependent truncation. Our results extend to D-branes with
the geometry of twined conjugacy classes; they illustrate the mechanism of flux
stabilization of D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5842 </DOCNO>
Efficient quantum computation of high harmonics of the Liouville density


  We show explicitly that high harmonics of the classical Liouville density
distribution in the chaotic regime can be obtained efficiently on a quantum
computer [1,2]. As was stated in [1], this provides information unaccessible
for classical computer simulations, and replies to the questions raised in
[3,4].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41271 </DOCNO>
A proof of factorization for B -> D pi


  We prove that the matrix elements of four fermion operators mediating the
decay B^0 -> D^+ \pi^- and B^- -> D^0 \pi^- factor into the product of a form
factor describing the B -> D transition and a convolution of a short distance
coefficient with the nonperturbative pion light-cone wave function. This is
shown to all orders in alpha_s, up to corrections suppressed by factors of
1/mb, 1/mc, and 1/E_pi. It is not necessary to assume that the pion state is
dominated by the q-qbar Fock state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97231 </DOCNO>
Equivariant Phantom maps


  A successful generalization of phantom map theory to the equivariant case for
all compact Lie groups is obtained in this paper.
  One of the key observations is the discovery of the fact that homotopy fiber
of equivariant completion splits as product of equivariant Eilenberg-Maclane
spaces which seems impossible at first sight by the example of Triantafillou.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126466 </DOCNO>
Propagation of cosmic ray electrons in the Galaxy


  We have made a new calculation of the cosmic ray electron spectrum using an
anomalous diffusion model to describe the propagation of electrons in the
Galaxy. The parameters defining the anomalous diffusion have been recently
determined from the study of nuclei propagation. The predicted electron
spectrum is in a good agreement with the measurements. The source spectral
index, found from experimental data, in this approach turns out to be equal to
2.95.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41676 </DOCNO>
Lepton Electric Dipole Moments in Non-Degenerate Supersymmetric Seesaw


  In the context of supersymmetric seesaw models of neutrino masses with
non-degenerate heavy neutrinos, we show that Dirac Yukawa interactions N^c_i
(Y_nu)_{ij} L_j H_2 induce large threshold corrections to the slepton soft
masses via renormalization. While still yielding rates for
lepton-flavour-violating processes below the experimental bounds, these
contributions may increase the muon and electron electric dipole moments d_mu
and d_e by several orders of magnitude. In the leading logarithmic
approximation, this is due to three additional physical phases in Y_nu, one of
which also contributes to leptogenesis. The naive relation d_mu/d_e\approx
-m_mu/m_e is violated strongly in the case of successful phenomenological
textures for Y_nu, and the values of d_mu and/or d_e may be within the range of
interest for the future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3290 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Spin Exchange in Pulsed Quantum Gates


  We show how to eliminate the first-order effects of the spin-orbit
interaction in the performance of a two-qubit quantum gate. Our procedure
involves tailoring the time dependence of the coupling between neighboring
spins. We derive an effective Hamiltonian which permits a systematic analysis
of this tailoring. Time-symmetric pulsing of the coupling automatically
eliminates several undesirable terms in this Hamiltonian. Well chosen pulse
shapes can produce an effectively isotropic exchange gate, which can be used in
universal quantum computation with appropriate coding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129008 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen-Poor Disks in Compact X-Ray Binaries


  We show that accretion disks in several compact X-ray binaries with
hydrogen-depleted donors are likely subject to a thermal ionization
instability, unless they are strongly irradiated. These disks are particularly
interesting in that their MHD-turbulent properties in the neutral phase may be
quite different from those of standard, hydrogen-rich disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of Relativistic One-Dimensional Self-Gravitating


  We consider the statistical mechanics of a general relativistic
one-dimensional self-gravitating system. The system consists of $N$-particles
coupled to lineal gravity and can be considered as a model of $N$
relativistically interacting sheets of uniform mass. The partition function and
one-particle distitrubion functions are computed to leading order in $1/c$
where $c$ is the speed of light; as $c\to\infty$ results for the
non-relativistic one-dimensional self-gravitating system are recovered. We find
that relativistic effects generally cause both position and momentum
distribution functions to become more sharply peaked, and that the temperature
of a relativistic gas is smaller than its non-relativistic counterpart at the
same fixed energy. We consider the large-N limit of our results and compare
this to the non-relativistic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169428 </DOCNO>
Generalizations of Heisenberg uncertainty relation


  A survey on the generalizations of Heisenberg uncertainty relation and a
general scheme for their entangled extensions to several states and observables
is presented. The scheme is illustrated on the examples of one and two states
and canonical quantum observables, and spin and quasi-spin components. Several
new uncertainty relations are displayed.
 PACS 0365H, 4250D, 0220.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74877 </DOCNO>
A Remark on Non-conformal Non-supersymmetric Theories with Vanishing


  We discuss non-conformal non-supersymmetric large N gauge theories with
vanishing vacuum energy density to all orders in perturbation theory. These
gauge theories can be obtained via a field theory limit of Type IIB D3-branes
embedded in orbifolded space-times. We also discuss gravity in this setup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81440 </DOCNO>
Parallel tempering in full QCD with Wilson fermions


  We study the performance of QCD simulations with dynamical Wilson fermions by
combining the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm with parallel tempering on $10^4$
and $12^4$ lattices. In order to compare tempered with standard simulations,
covariance matrices between sub-ensembles have to be formulated and evaluated
using the general properties of autocorrelations of the parallel tempering
algorithm. We find that rendering the hopping parameter $\kappa$ dynamical does
not lead to an essential improvement. We point out possible reasons for this
observation and discuss more suitable ways of applying parallel tempering to
QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1960 </DOCNO>
The Critical Properties of a Modulated Quantum Sine-Gordon Model


  A new procedure of trial variational wave functional is proposed for
investigating the mass renormailzation and the local structure of the ground
state of a one-dimensional quantum sine-Gordon model with linear spatial
modulation, whose ground state differs from that without modulation. The phase
diagram obtained in parameters $(\alpha \Lambda ^{-2},\beta ^{2})$ plane shows
that the vertical part of the boundary between soliton lattice phase and
incommensurate (IC) phase with vanishing gap sticks at $\beta ^{2}$ $=4\pi $,
the IC phase can only appear for $\beta ^{2}$ $\geq 4\pi $ and the IC phase
regime is enlarged with increasing spatial modulation in the case of definite
parameter $\alpha \Lambda ^{-2}$. The transition is of the continuous type on
the vertical part of the boundary, while it is of the first order on the
boundary for $\beta ^{2}>4\pi $.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96893 </DOCNO>
An Infinite-Time Relaxation Theorem for Differential Inclusions


  The fundamental relaxation result for Lipschitz differential inclusions is
the Filippov-Wazewski Relaxation Theorem, which provides approximations of
trajectories of a relaxed inclusion on finite intervals. A complementary result
is presented, which provides approximations on infinite intervals, but does not
guarantee that the approximation and the reference trajectory satisfy the same
initial condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125904 </DOCNO>
Results from AMANDA


  The AMANDA (Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array) detector, located at
the South Pole station, Antarctica, was recently expanded with the addition of
six new strings, completing the phase referred to as AMANDA-II. This detector
has been calibrated and in operation since January 2000. The first data
analyses are currently underway. In this report we present an update on the
results from the AMANDA-B10 detector, which operated during the austral winter
1997.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7267 </DOCNO>
Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of a particle coupled to dissipative


  The amplitude of the Bohm-Aharonov oscillations of a particle moving around a
ring threaded by a magnetic flux and coupled to different dissipative
environments is studied. The decay of the oscillations when increasing the
radius of the ring is shown to depend on the spatial features of the coupling.
When the environment is modelled by the Caldeira-Leggett bath of oscillators,
or the particle is coupled by the Coulomb potential to a dirty electron gas,
interference effects are suppressed beyond a finite length, even at zero
temperature. A finite renormalization of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations is
found for other models of the environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4244 </DOCNO>
Non-compact local excitations in spin glasses


  We study numerically the local low-energy excitations in the 3-d
Edwards-Anderson model for spin glasses. Given the ground state, we determine
the lowest-lying connected cluster of flipped spins with a fixed volume
containing one given spin. These excitations are not compact, having a fractal
dimension close to two, suggesting an analogy with lattice animals. Also, their
energy does not grow with their size; the associated exponent is slightly
negative whereas the one for compact clusters is positive. These findings call
for a modification of the basic hypotheses underlying the droplet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113745 </DOCNO>
Two-Surface Wave Decay


  Using an analytical model we discuss the parametric excitation of pairs of
electron surface waves (ESW) in the interaction of an ultrashort, intense laser
pulse with an overdense plasma which has a step-like density profile. The ESWs
can be excited either by the electric or by the magnetic part of the Lorentz
force exerted by the laser and, correspondingly, have frequencies around
$\omega/2$ or $\omega$, where $\omega$ is the laser frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76003 </DOCNO>
Relativistic direct Urca processes in cooling neutron stars


  We derive a relativistic expression for neutrino energy losses caused by the
direct Urca processes in degenerate baryon matter of neutron stars. We use two
different ways to calculate the emissivity caused by the reactions to our
interest. First we perform a standard calculation by Fermi's ''golden'' rule.
The second calculation, resulting in the same expression, is performed with the
aid of polarization functions of the medium. Our result for neutrino energy
losses strongly differs from previous non-relativistic results. We also discuss
nonconservation of the baryon vector current in reactions through weak charged
currents in the medium, when the asymmetry between protons and neutrons is
considered. The above effects, not discussed in the literature before,
substantially modify the polarization functions responsible for the induced
weak charged currents in baryon matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168228 </DOCNO>
Quantum recognition of eigenvalues, structure of devices and


  Quantum algorithms speeding up classical counterparts are proposed for the
problems:
   1. Recognition of eigenvalues with fixed precision. Given a quantum circuit
generating unitary mapping $U$ and a complex number the problem is to determine
is it an eigenvalue of $U$ or not.
   2. Given a molecular structure find thermodynamic functions like
partitioning function, entropy, etc. for a gas consisting of such molecules.
   3. Recognition of molecular structures. Find a molecular structure given its
spectrum.
   4. Recognition of electronic devices. Given an electronic device that can be
used only as a black box how to recognize its internal construction?
   We consider mainly structures generating sparse spectrums. These algorithms
require the time from about square root to logarithm of the time of classical
analogs and for the first three problems give exponential memory saving. Say,
the time required for distinguishing two devices with the same given spectrum
is about seventh root of the time of direct classical method, for the
recognition of eigenvalue - about sixth root. Thus microscopic quantum devices
can recognize molecular structures and physical properties of environment
faster than big classical computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169475 </DOCNO>
Space-Time and Probability


  Special relativity is most naturally formulated as a theory of space-time
geometry, but within the space-time framework probability apears to be at best
an epistemic notion - a matter of what can be known, not of the status of
events in themselves. However, a non-epistemic account of probability can be
given in Minkowski space-time, in terms of the Everett interpretation. We work
throughout in the consistent histories formalism, first in tems of a single
history, and then using many

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2214 </DOCNO>
Conductance through contact barriers of a finite length quantum wire


  We use the technique of bosonization to understand a variety of recent
experimental results on the conductivity of a quantum wire. The quantum wire is
taken to be a finite-length Luttinger liquid connected on two sides to
semi-infinite Fermi liquids through contacts. The contacts are modeled as
(short) Luttinger liquids bounded by localized one-body potentials. We use
effective actions and the renormalization group to study the effects of
electronic interactions within the wire, the length of the wire, finite
temperature and a magnetic field on the conductivity. We explain the deviations
of the conductivity away from 2Ne^2/h in wires which are not too short as
arising from renormalization effects caused by the repulsive interactions. We
also explain the universal conductance corrections observed in different
channels at higher temperatures. We study the effects of an external magnetic
field on electronic transport through this system and explain why odd and even
spin split bands show different renormalizations from the universal conductance
values. We discuss the case of resonant transmission and of the possibility of
producing a spin-valve which only allows electrons of one value of the spin to
go through. We compare our results for the conductance corrections with
experimental observations. We also propose an experimental test of our model of
the contact regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3946 </DOCNO>
Epidemic outbreaks in complex heterogeneous networks


  We present a detailed analytical and numerical study for the spreading of
infections in complex population networks with acquired immunity. We show that
the large connectivity fluctuations usually found in these networks strengthen
considerably the incidence of epidemic outbreaks. Scale-free networks, which
are characterized by diverging connectivity fluctuations, exhibit the lack of
an epidemic threshold and always show a finite fraction of infected
individuals. This particular weakness, observed also in models without
immunity, defines a new epidemiological framework characterized by a highly
heterogeneous response of the system to the introduction of infected
individuals with different connectivity. The understanding of epidemics in
complex networks might deliver new insights in the spread of information and
diseases in biological and technological networks that often appear to be
characterized by complex heterogeneous architectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41548 </DOCNO>
A precise measurement of the direct CP violation parameter


  The direct CP violation parameter Re(epsilon'/epsilon) has been measured from
the decay rates of neutral kaons into two pions using the NA48 detector at the
CERN SPS. With 3.3 million KL->pi0pi0 events collected during the 1998 and 1999
running periods, a result of Re(epsilon'/epsilon) = (15.0 +- 2.7)x10-4 has been
obtained. The result combined with the published 1997 sample is
Re(epsilon'/epsilon) = (15.3 +- 2.6)x10-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6704 </DOCNO>
Universal Scrambling Properties of Spectra and Wave functions in


  Recent experiments on quantum dots in the Coulomb Blockade regime have shown
how adding successive electrons into a dot modifies the energy spectrum and the
wave functions of the electrons already present in the dot. Using a microscopic
model, we study the importance of electron-electron interaction on these
``scrambling'' effects. We compute the Hartree-Fock single particle properties
as function of the number $p$ of added electrons. We define parametric
correlation functions that characterize the scrambling properties of the
Hartree-Fock wave functions and energy spectra. We find that each of these
correlation functions exhibit a universal behavior in terms of the ratio
$p/p^{\ast}$ where $p^{\ast}$ is a characteristic number that decreases with
increasing either the interaction strength, the disorder strength or the system
size

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41855 </DOCNO>
Light-Cone Sum Rules for the Nucleon Form Factors


  We argue that soft non-factorisable terms give a significant contribution to
the baryon form factors at intermediate momentum transfers and set up a
framework for the calculation of such terms in the light-cone sum rule
approach. Among them, contributions of three-quark states with different
helicity structure compared to the leading twist prove to be the most
important. The leading-order sum rules are derived and confronted with the
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169320 </DOCNO>
A simple operational interpretation of the fidelity


  This note presents a corollary to Uhlmann's theorem which provides a simple
operational interpretation for the fidelity of mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97610 </DOCNO>
A fixed point theorem for bounded dynamical systems


  We show that a continuous map or a continuous flow on $\R^{n}$ with a certain
recurrence relation must have a fixed point. Specifically, if there is a
compact set W with the property that the forward orbit of every point in
$\R^{n}$ intersects W then there is a fixed point in W. Consequently, if the
omega limit set of every point is nonempty and uniformly bounded then there is
a fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41596 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Precision Tests with a Future Linear Collider


  Future high energy linear electron positron colliders with centre-of-mass
enegies between 90 and 1000 GeV offer a unique opportunity to study precisely
the Standard Model and phenomena from new physics. Most important, the
mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking can be established in full depth if
one or more Higgs bosons are observed. Precision measurements of electroweak
processes open a window into the multi-TeV energy range for searching for new
physics, which is of particular importance if no light Higgs boson is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123544 </DOCNO>
Synchronized Formation of Sub-Galactic Systems at Cosmological


  Gas rich sub-galactic halos with mass Mt <= 10^7.5 Msun, while incapable of
forming stars due to lack of adequate coolants, contain a large fraction of
baryonic mass at cosmological reionization. We show that the reionization of
the universe at z=10-20 has an interesting physical effect on these halos. The
external radiation field causes a synchronous inward propagation of an
ionization front towards each halo, resulting in an inward, convergent shock.
The resident gas of mass Mb~10^4-10^7 Msun in low spin (initial dimensionless
spin parameter lambda <= 0.01) halos with a velocity dispersion sigmav <=
11km/s would be compressed by a factor of ~100 in radius and form self
-gravitating baryonic systems. Under the assumption that such compressed
gaseous systems fragment to form stars, the final stellar systems will have a
size 2-40pc, velocity dispersion 1-10km/s and a total stellar mass of M*
10^3-10^6 Msun. The characteristics of these proposed systems seem to match the
observed properties of halo globular clusters. The expected number density is
consistent with the observed number density of halo globular clusters. The
observed mass function of slope ~-2 at the high mass end is predicted by the
model. Strong correlation between velocity dispersion and luminosity (or
surface brightness) and lack of correlation between velocity dispersion and
size, in agreement with observations, are expected. Metallicity is, on average,
expected to be low and should not correlate with any other quantities of
globular clusters, except that a larger dispersion of metallicity among
globular clusters is expected for larger galaxies. The observed trend of
specific frequency with galaxy type may be produced in the model. We suggest
that these stellar systems are seen as halo globular clusters today.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74220 </DOCNO>
Yet another way to measure $\gamma$


  We show that the CKM phase $2 \beta+\gamma$ can be extracted from measurement
of the time dependent rates in the decays $\bar{B}^0 \to D^{(*)\pm} M^\mp$ and
$B^0 \to D^{(*)\pm} M^\mp$, where $M=a_0$, $\pi(1300)$, $b_1$, $a_2$, $\pi_2$,
$\rho_3$. These channels have a large asymmetry between decays of $\bar{B}^0$
and $B^0$ into the same final state. Even though the branching ratios are
small, their sensitivity to $\gamma$ can be competitive with decays into
$D^{(*)}$ and $(\pi,\rho,a_1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128382 </DOCNO>
Radio-optically selected clusters of galaxies. II. The cluster sample


  We present a sample of 171 candidate groups and clusters of galaxies at
intermediate redshift over an area of ~550 square degrees at the South Galactic
Pole selected by using optically identified radio sources from the NRAO VLA Sky
Survey as tracers of dense environment. Out of these 171 candidates, 76 have a
counterpart in the literature while 95 of them are previously unknown clusters.
This paper presents the cluster selection technique, based on the search of
excesses in the optical surface density of galaxies near identified
radiogalaxies, and the first spectroscopic results aimed to confirm the
presence of a cluster. Spectroscopy for 11 candidates led to the detection of 9
clusters at redshift in the range 0.13 - 0.3, with estimated velocity
dispersions ranging from values typical of clusters to those of galaxy groups.
These results show that this technique represents a powerful tool for the
selection of homogeneous samples of intermediate redshift clusters over a wide
range of richness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73270 </DOCNO>
QCD-based pion distribution amplitudes confronting experimental data


  We use QCD sum rules with nonlocal condensates to re-calculate more
accurately the moments and their confidence intervals of the twist-2 pion
distribution amplitude including radiative corrections. We are thus able to
construct an admissible set of pion distribution amplitudes which define a
reliability region in the $a_{2}$, $a_{4}$ plane of the Gegenbauer polynomial
expansion coefficients. We emphasize that models like that of Chernyak and
Zhitnitsky, as well as the asymptotic solution, are excluded from this set. We
show that the determined $a_{2}$, $a_{4}$ region strongly overlaps with that
extracted from the CLEO data by Schmedding and Yakovlev and that this region is
also not far from the results of the first direct measurement of the pion
valence quark momentum distribution by the Fermilab E791 collaboration.
Comparisons with recent lattice calculations and instanton-based models are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72755 </DOCNO>
Implications of Muon g-2 for Supersymmetry and for Discovering


  We study the implications of interpreting the recent muon g-2 deviation from
the Standard Model prediction as evidence for virtual superpartners, with very
general calculations that include effects of phases and are consistent with all
relevant constraints. The most important result is that there are upper limits
on masses: at least one superpartner mass is below about 350 GeV (for the
theoretically preferred value of tan(beta)=35) and may be produced at the
Fermilab Tevatron in the upcoming run, and there must be chargino, neutralino,
and slepton masses below about 600 GeV. In addition, tan(beta) must be larger
than about 8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125463 </DOCNO>
Merger Shocks and Nonthermal Processes in Clusters of Galaxies


  Clusters of galaxies generally form by the gravitational merger of smaller
clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the
Universe since the Big Bang. Mergers drive shocks into the intracluster gas,
and these shocks heat the intracluster gas, and should also accelerate
nonthermal relativistic particles. The thermal effects of merger shocks will be
briefly discussed. Mergers can increase the temperature and X-ray luminosities
of clusters, and this may affect statistical conclusions about cosmological
parameters. As a result of particle acceleration in shocks, clusters of
galaxies should contain very large populations of relativistic electrons and
ions. Electrons with Lorentz factors gamma~300 (energies E = gamma m_e c^2 ~
150 MeV) are expected to be particularly common. Observations and models for
the radio, extreme ultraviolet, hard X-ray, and gamma-ray emission from
nonthermal particles accelerated in these shocks will also be described. The
predicted gamma-ray fluxes of clusters should make them easily observable with
GLAST. Chandra X-ray observations of the interaction between the radio lobes
and cooling flow gas in Abell 2052 are also discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96889 </DOCNO>
Finite dimensional comodules over the Hopf algebra of rooted trees


  The aim of this paper is an algebraic study of the Hopf algebra H_R of rooted
trees, which was introduced in \cite{Kreimer1,Connes,Broadhurst,Kreimer2}. We
first construct comodules over H_R from finite families of primitive elements.
Furthermore, we classify these comodules by restricting the possible families
of primitive elements, and taking the quotient by the action of certain groups.
  In the next section, we give a formula about primitive elements of the
subalgebra of ladders, and construct a projection operator on the space of
primitive elements. It allows us to obtain a basis of the primitive elements by
an inductive process, which answers one of the questions of \cite{Kreimer}.
  In the last sections, we classify the Hopf algebra endomorphisms and the
coalgebras endomorphisms, using the graded Hopf algebra gr(H_R) associated to
the filtration by deg_p of \cite{Kreimer}. We then prove that H_R is isomorphic
to gr(H_R), and deduce a decomposition of the group of the Hopf algebra
automorphisms of H_R as a semi-direct product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98607 </DOCNO>
On the restricted Lie algebra structure for the Witt Lie algebra in


  We show that the p-operator in the Witt algebra (the restricted Lie algebra
of derivations of the quotient of the polynomial algebra over a field of
characteristic p by the ideal generated by the p-th power of the indeterminant)
is given by multiplication by a scalar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3476 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Quasi-1D Topological-Excitation Liquid in Bi2212 by


  Tunneling measurements have been carried out on heavily underdoped and
slightly overdoped Bi2212 single crystals by using a break-junction technique.
We find that in-plane tunneling spectra below Tc are the combination of
incoherent part from the pseudogap and coherent quasiparticle peaks. There is a
correlation between the magnitude of the pseudogap and the magnitude of the
superconducting gap in Bi2212. We find that the quasiparticle conductance peaks
are caused by condensed solitonlike excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167959 </DOCNO>
New Tests of Macroscopic Local Realism using Continuous Variable


  We show that quantum mechanics predicts an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox
(EPR), and also a contradiction with local hidden variable theories, for photon
number measurements which have limited resolving power, to the point of
imposing an uncertainty in the photon number result which is macroscopic in
absolute terms. We show how this can be interpreted as a failure of a new, very
strong premise, called macroscopic local realism. We link this premise to the
Schrodinger-cat paradox. Our proposed experiments ensure all fields incident on
each measurement apparatus are macroscopic. We show that an alternative
measurement scheme corresponds to balanced homodyne detection of quadrature
phase amplitudes. The implication is that where either EPR correlations or
failure of local realism is predicted for continuous variable (quadrature phase
amplitude) measurements, one can perform a modified experiment which would lead
to conclusions about the much stronger premise of macroscopic local realism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72351 </DOCNO>
Non-Forward BFKL at Next-to-Leading Approximation


  Representation of non-forward scattering amplitudes in the BFKL approach is
discussed and the results obtained in the next-to leading order are briefly
reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95710 </DOCNO>
Quotients et extensions de groupes de reflexions complexes


  We give a geometric description of a certain class of epimorphisms between
complex reflection groups. We classify these epimorphisms, which can be
interpreted as ``morphisms'' between the diagrams symbolizing standard
presentations by generators and relations for complex reflection groups and
their braid groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6362 </DOCNO>
Partition function zeros of aperiodic Ising models


  We consider Ising models defined on periodic approximants of aperiodic
graphs. The model contains only a single coupling constant and no magnetic
field, so the aperiodicity is entirely given by the different local
environments of neighbours in the aperiodic graph. In this case, the partition
function zeros in the temperature variable, also known as the Fisher zeros, can
be calculated by diagonalisation of finite matrices. We present the partition
function zero patterns for periodic approximants of the Penrose and the
Ammann-Beenker tiling, and derive precise estimates of the critical
temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169499 </DOCNO>
Quantum Clock Synchronization: a Multi-Party Protocol


  We present a multi-party quantum clock synchronization protocol that utilizes
shared prior entanglement and broadcast of classical information to synchronize
spatially separated clocks. Notably, it is necessary only for any one party to
publish classical information. Consequently, the efficacy of the method is
independent of the relative location of the parties. The suggested protocol is
robust and does not require precise sequencing of procedural steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4170 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of the Cyclotron Mass in n-Type CdS


  Recent cyclotron resonance experiments in n-type CdS at ultra-high magnetic
fields have revealed a pronounced maximum of the electron cyclotron mass as a
function of temperature. In order to interpret these data, we calculate the
magneto-absorption spectra of polarons in n-CdS using the arbitrary-coupling
approach. We show that in high magnetic fields the polaron effects beyond the
weak-coupling approximation clearly reveal themselves in the magneto-optical
absorption even at relatively small values of the Froehlich coupling constant.
In particular, those effects result in a non-monotonous behaviour of the
cyclotron mass as a function of temperature. We extend the theory to take into
account a combined effect of several scattering mechanisms on the
magneto-absorption spectra. The extended theory allows us to interpret
quantitatively the experimentally observed behaviour of the cyclotron mass in
CdS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2874 </DOCNO>
Zero-field Time Correlation Functions of Four Classical Heisenberg Spins


  A model relevant for the study of certain molecular magnets is the ring of
N=4 classical spins with equal near-neighbor isotropic Heisenberg exchange
interactions. Assuming classical Heisenberg spin dynamics, we solve explicitly
for the time evolution of each of the spins. Exact triple integral
representations are derived for the auto, near-neighbor, and
next-nearest-neighbor time correlation functions for any temperature. At
infinite temperature, the correlation functions are reduced to quadrature. We
then evaluate the Fourier transforms of these functions in closed form, which
are double integrals. At low temperatures, the Fourier transform functions
explicitly demonstrate the presence of magnons. Our exact results for the
infinite temperature correlation functions in the long-time asymptotic limit
differ qualitatively from those obtained assuming diffusive spin dynamics.
Whether such explicitly non-hydrodynamic behavior would be maintained for
large-N rings is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 213 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Stripe Glasses: Self-Generated Randomness in a Uniformly


  comment on J. Schmalian and P. Wolynes, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 836
(2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41009 </DOCNO>
Weak Radiative Decays of Hyperons: Quark Model and Nonlocality


  It is proved that symmetry structure of the parity-viol. (p.v.) amplitudes of
weak radiative hyperon decays in the VMD approach, and the violation of Hara's
theorem in particular, are also obtained when direct coupling e_q
\bar{q}\gamma_{\mu}q A^{\mu} of photon to quarks is used in place of VMD. Thus,
violation of Hara's theorem in VMD-based models does not result from the lack
of gauge invariance. It is further shown that, in the static limit of the quark
model, the CA commutator term in the p.v. amplitudes of nonleptonic hyperon
decays (NLHD) and the parity-violating \Sigma ^+ \to p \gamma decay amplitude
are proportional to each other. As a result, Hara's theorem may be satisfied in
this limit if and only if the contribution from the CA commutator in NLHD is
zero. Violation of Hara's theorem is traced back to the nonlocality of quark
model states in the static limit. It is argued that the ensuing intrinsic
baryon nonlocality does not have to be unphysical. It is stressed that the \Xi
^0 \to \Lambda \gamma asymmetry will provide very important information
concerning the presence or absence of nonlocal features in p.v. photon coupling
to baryons at vanishing photon momentum. If the \Xi ^0 \to \Lambda \gamma
asymmetry is found negative, Hara's theorem is satisfied but the
gauge-invariant quark model machinery predicting its violation must miss some
contribution, or be modified. If experiment confirms positive \Xi ^0 \to
\Lambda \gamma asymmetry, then, most likely, Hara's theorem is violated.
Although positive \Xi ^0 \to \Lambda \gamma asymmetry admits of the possibility
that Hara's theorem is satisfied, this alternative is in disagreement with
hints suggested by the similarity of photon and vector-meson couplings and the
observed size of p.v. nuclear forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96112 </DOCNO>
Meromorphic Solutions to a Differential--Difference Equation Describing


  In this paper we prove the existence of meromorphic solutions to a nonlinear
differential difference equation that describe certain self-similar potentials
for the Schroedinger operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125324 </DOCNO>
The identification of an optical counterpart to the super-Eddington


  We report the identification of a possible optical counterpart to the
super-Eddington X-ray source NGC 5204 X-1. New Chandra data shows that the
X-ray source is point-like, with a luminosity of 5.2 x 10^39 erg/s (0.5 - 8
keV). It displays medium- and long-term X-ray variability in observations
spanning a period of 20 years. The accurate Chandra position allows us to
identify a blue optical continuum source (m_v = 19.7) at the position of NGC
5204 X-1, using newly-obtained optical data from the INTEGRAL instrument on the
William Herschel Telescope. The X-ray and optical source properties are
consistent with the scenario in which we are observing the beamed X-ray
emission of a high-mass X-ray binary in NGC 5204, composed of an O star with
either a black hole or neutron star companion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76732 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model on Non-Commutative Space-Time


  We consider the Standard Model on a non-commutative space and expand the
action in the non-commutativity parameter theta. No new particles are
introduced, the structure group is SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1). We derive the leading
order action. At zeroth order the action coincides with the ordinary Standard
Model. At leading order in theta we find new vertices which are absent in the
Standard Model on commutative space-time. The most striking features are
couplings between quarks, gluons and electroweak bosons and many new vertices
in the charged and neutral currents. We find that parity is violated in
non-commutative QCD. The Higgs mechanism can be applied. QED is not deformed in
the minimal version of the NCSM to the order considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127568 </DOCNO>
Obscured Accretion and Black Holes


  The evidence for obscured AGN and in particular for obscured quasars is
discussed. The spectrum and source modelling of the X-ray Background suggests
that most massive black holes grow by obscured accretion. A possible major
growth phase which is Compton thick is explored and shown to be difficult to
detect directly with current instruments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41379 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the B/s0 Lifetime and Study of B/s0 anti-B/s0


  Lifetime and oscillations of B0s mesons have been studied in events with a
large transverse momentum lepton and a Ds of opposite electric charge in the
same hemisphere, selected from about 3.6 million hadronic Z0 decays accumulated
by DELPHI between 1992 and 1995.
  The B0s lifetime and the fractional width difference between the two physical
B0s states have been found to be:
   \tau_(B0s) = (1.42^{+0.14}_{-0.13}(stat.) +/- 0.03(syst.)) ps
   \Delta\Gamma(B0s)/\Gamma(B0s) < 0.46 at the 95% C.L.
  In the latter result it has been assumed that \tau_(B0s)=\tau_(B0d).
  Using the same sample, a limit on the mass difference between the physical
B0s states has been set:
   Delta(m_B0s) > 7.4 ps^{-1} at the 95% C.L. with a corresponding sensitivity
equal to 8.1 ps^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73111 </DOCNO>
New analytic running coupling in spacelike and timelike regions


  The new model for the QCD analytic running coupling, proposed recently, is
extended to the timelike region. This running coupling naturally arises under
unification of the analytic approach to QCD and the renormalization group (RG)
formalism. A new method for determining the coefficients of the "analytized" RG
equation is elaborated. It enables one to take into account the higher loop
contributions to the new analytic running coupling (NARC) in a consistent way.
The expression for the new analytic running coupling, independent of the
normalization point, is obtained by invoking the asymptotic freedom condition.
It is shown that the difference between the values of the NARC in respective
spacelike and timelike regions is rather valuable for intermediate energies.
This is essential for the correct extracting of the running coupling from
experimental data. The new analytic running coupling is applied to the
description of the inclusive $\tau$ lepton decay. The consistent estimation of
the parameter $\Lambda_{QCD}$ is obtained here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1127 </DOCNO>
Effects of Flow on Measurements of Interactions in Colloidal Suspensions


  A hydrodynamic mechanism of interactions of colloidal particles is
considered. Both trivial (shear flow) and non-trivial (force propagation
through viscous fluid) effects are taken into account for two colloidal
particles near the wall bounding the solvent. Expressions for the radial
(attractive or repulsive) forces and the polar torques are obtained.
Quantitative estimates of the flow needed to produce the observed strength of
attractive force are given, other necessary conditions are also considered. The
conclusion is made: in principle, the mechanism offered can be responsible for
the observed interactions, although there are certain restrictions on its
applicability. Several distinctive features of the interactions due to this
mechanism are identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76953 </DOCNO>
Corrections to Fermi's Golden Rule in $\phi \to K\bar{K}$ Decays


  We analyze the decays $\phi \to K\bar{K}$ utilizing a formulation of
transition rates which explicitly exhibits corrections to Fermi's Golden Rule.
These corrections arise in systems in which the phase space and/or matrix
element varies rapidly with energy, as happens in $\phi \to K\bar{K}$, which is
just above threshold. We show that the theoretical corrections resolve a
puzzling $5\sigma$ discrepancy between theory and experiment for the branching
ratio $R = \Gamma (\phi \to K^+K^-)/\Gamma(\phi \to K^0\bar{K}^0)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2047 </DOCNO>
Charge dynamics and metal-insulator transition in Si$_{1-x}$Gd$_{x}$ and


  Carrier dynamics in amorphous a-Si$_{1-x}$RE$_{x}$ (RE=Gd, Y) films has been
studied in the doping regime close to the metal-insulator transition by means
of infrared spectroscopy. Optical constants throughout the entire intra-gap
region ($\hbar \omega <$ 1 eV) have been found to be anomalously sensitive to
changes of temperature and/or magnetic field. The observed behavior is
consistent with the model of hopping transport where the interaction of
carriers with both the lattice and large core spin of Gd ions is taken into
account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179221 </DOCNO>
Memory effects on descent from nuclear fission barrier


  Non-Markovian transport equations for nuclear large amplitude motion are
derived from the collisional kinetic equation. The memory effects are caused by
the Fermi surface distortions and depend on the relaxation time. It is shown
that the nuclear collective motion and the nuclear fission are influenced
strongly by the memory effects at the relaxation time $\tau \geq 5\cdot
10^{-23}{\rm s}$. In particular, the descent of the nucleus from the fission
barrier is accompanied by characteristic shape oscillations. The eigenfrequency
and the damping of the shape oscillations depend on the contribution of the
memory integral in the equations of motion. The shape oscillations disappear at
the short relaxation time regime at $\tau \to 0$, which corresponds to the
usual Markovian motion in the presence of friction forces. We show that the
elastic forces produced by the memory integral lead to a significant delay for
the descent of the nucleus from the barrier. Numerical calculations for the
nucleus $^{236}$U shows that due to the memory effect the saddle-to-scission
time grows by a factor of about 3 with respect to the corresponding
saddle-to-scission time obtained in liquid drop model calculations with
friction forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4266 </DOCNO>
Anomalous stress relaxation in random macromolecular networks


  Within the framework of a simple Rouse-type model we present exact analytical
results for dynamical critical behaviour on the sol side of the gelation
transition. The stress-relaxation function is shown to exhibit a
stretched-exponential long-time decay. The divergence of the static shear
viscosity is governed by the critical exponent $k=\phi -\beta$, where $\phi$ is
the (first) crossover exponent of random resistor networks, and $\beta$ is the
critical exponent for the gel fraction. We also derive new results on the
behaviour of normal stress coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129582 </DOCNO>
Star formation histories of late-type dwarfs outside the Local Group


  We describe the star formation histories of three late-type dwarfs located
outside the Local Group: IZw18, NGC1569 and NGC1705. The results are based on
the application of the method of synthetic colour-magnitude diagrams to deep
HST photometric data. All the examined galaxies were already forming stars at
the reached lookback time and show no evidence of long quiescent phases. The
obtained scenarios are quite similar to those derived for other galaxies of
this morphological type, both inside and outside the Local Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98001 </DOCNO>
Maximal supersymmetry in ten and eleven dimensions


  This is the written version of a talk given in Bonn on September 11th, 2001
during a workshop on "Special structures in string theory". We report on joint
work in progress with George Papadopoulos aimed at classifying the maximally
supersymmetric solutions of the ten- and eleven-dimensional supergravity
theories with 32 supercharges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76041 </DOCNO>
Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos in the Light of SuperK


  We propose a novel approach for studying neutrino oscillations with
extragalactic neutrinos. We show that measurement of the neutrino induced
upward hadronic and electromagnetic showers and upward muons could be used to
detect $\nu_\mu \to \nu_\tau$ oscillations. We find significant signal to
background ratios for the hadronic/electromagnetic showers with energies above
10 TeV to 100 TeV initiated by the extragalactic neutrinos. We demonstrate that
a kilometer-size neutrino telescope has a very good chance of detecting
neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72724 </DOCNO>
Single production of charged Higgs bosons at linear colliders


  We discuss single charged Higgs boson production from $e^+e^-$ annihilation
at next generation linear colliders. They can be important to study the
phenomenology of charged Higgs bosons, especially when charged Higgs bosons are
too heavy to be produced by the pair production mechanism. Cross sections for
various single production processes are evaluated at the leading order. Our
analysis shows that in some parameter regions the phenomenology of charged
Higgs bosons can be explored even beyond the kinematic limit for pair
production by using single production processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2688 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Theory of Stochastic Resonance


  Theory of nonlinear resonance, including stochastic one, is developed on the
basis of the statistical field theory and using variables action-angle.
Explicit expressions of action, proper frequency and nonlinearity parameter as
functions of the system energy and the external signal frequency are found for
the cases of nonlinear pendulum and double well potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148642 </DOCNO>
M-theory and automorphic scattering


  The strongly coupled limit of string scattering and the automorphic
construction of the graviton S-matrix is compared with the eleven dimensional
formulation of M-theory. In a particular scaling limit at strong string
coupling, M-theory is described by eleven-dimensional supergravity which does
not possess a dilaton, but rather a perturbative expansion in the gravitational
coupling and derivatives. The latter theory provides an off-shell description
of the string, upon dimensional reduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76413 </DOCNO>
Instanton in the nonperturbative QCD vacuum


  The influence of nonperturbative fields on instantons in quantum
chromodynamics is studied. Effective action for instanton is derived in bilocal
approximation and it is demonstrated that stochastic background gluon fields
are responsible for IR stabilization of instantons. It is shown that instanton
size in QCD is of order of 0.25 fm. Comparison of obtained instanton size
distribution with lattice data is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124891 </DOCNO>
Tables of Nuclear Cross Sections and Reaction Rates: an Addendum to the


  In a previous publication [Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables 75, 1 (2000)],
we had given seven parameter analytical fits to theoretical reaction rates
derived from nuclear cross sections calculated in the statistical model
(Hauser-Feshbach formalism) for targets with 9<Z<84 (Ne to Bi) and for a mass
range reaching the neutron and proton driplines. Reactions considered were
(n,gamma), (n,p), (n,alpha), (p,gamma), (p,alpha), (alpha,gamma), and their
inverse reactions. On public demand, we present here the theoretical nuclear
cross sections and astrophysical reaction rates from which those rate fits were
derived, and we provide these data as on-line electronic files. Corresponding
to the fitted rates, two complete data sets are provided, one of which includes
a phenomenological treatment of shell quenching for neutron-rich nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73465 </DOCNO>
Determination of the CP Phase $\gamma$ with Possibility of New Physics


  We propose a new method to extract the CP violating weak phase $\gamma$ in
the CKM paradigm of the Standard Model, using $B^- \to D^0 \pi^- \to f \pi^-$
and $B^- \to \bar D^0 \pi^- \to f \pi^-$ decays, where $f$ are final states
such as $K^+ \pi^-$, $K^+ \rho^-$, $K \pi\pi$, {\it etc.} We also study the
experimental feasibility of our new method. With possibility of new phases in
the CKM matrix, we re-examine some of the previously proposed methods to
determine $\gamma$, and find that it would be in principle possible to identify
$\gamma$ and a new phase angle $\theta$ separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86875 </DOCNO>
Low-energy graceful exit in anisotropic string cosmology backgrounds


  We discuss the possibility of a smooth transition from the pre- to the
post-big bang regime, in the context of the lowest-order string effective
action (without higher-derivative corrections), taking into account with a
phenomenological model of source the repulsive gravitational effects due to the
back-reaction of the quantum fluctuations outside the horizon. We determine a
set of necessary conditions for a successful and realistic transition, and we
find that such conditions can be satisfied (by an appropriate model of source),
provided the background is higher-dimensional and anisotropic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98313 </DOCNO>
Stability properties for a compactly supported prescale function


  We show that if $\phi$ is a continuous, minimally supported prescale
function, then its translates are linearly independent on any set of positive
measure in the unit interval. This generalizes results of Y. Meyer and P. G.
Lemarie.
  This result implies that a stability condition, introduced by Gundy and
Kazarian for the study of local convergence of spline wavelet expansions, is
satisfied for all expansions arizing from multiresolution analyses generated by
such prescale functions $\phi$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73277 </DOCNO>
Gauge Unification in Higher Dimensions


  A complete 5-dimensional SU(5) unified theory is constructed which, on
compactification on the orbifold with two different Z_2's (Z_2 and Z_2'),
yields the minimal supersymmetric standard model. The orbifold accomplishes
SU(5) gauge symmetry breaking, doublet-triplet splitting, and a vanishing of
proton decay from operators of dimension 5. Until 4d supersymmetry is broken,
all proton decay from dimension 4 and dimension 5 operators is forced to vanish
by an exact U(1)_R symmetry. Quarks and leptons and their Yukawa interactions
are located at the Z_2 orbifold fixed points, where SU(5) is unbroken. A new
mechanism for introducing SU(5) breaking into the quark and lepton masses is
introduced, which originates from the SU(5) violation in the zero-mode
structure of bulk multiplets. Even though SU(5) is absent at the Z_2' orbifold
fixed point, the brane threshold corrections to gauge coupling unification are
argued to be negligibly small, while the logarithmic corrections are small and
in a direction which improves the agreement with the experimental measurements
of the gauge couplings. Furthermore, the X gauge boson mass is lowered, so that
proton decay to e^+ \pi^0 is expected with a rate within about one order of
magnitude of the current limit. Supersymmetry breaking occurs on the Z_2'
orbifold fixed point, and is felt directly by the gauge and Higgs sectors,
while squarks and sleptons acquire mass via gaugino mediation, solving the
supersymmetric flavor problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129576 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Spectrum of Supernova Remnant 1987A


  We discuss the X-ray emission observed from Supernova Remnant 1987A with the
Chandra X-ray Observatory. We analyze a high resolution spectrum obtained in
1999 October with the high energy transmission grating (HETG). From this
spectrum we measure the strengths and an average profile of the observed X-ray
lines. We also analyze a high signal-to-noise ratio CCD spectrum obtained in
2000 December. The good statistics (~ 9250 counts) of this spectrum and the
high spatial resolution provided by the telescope allow us to perform
spectroscopic analyses of different regions of the remnant. We discuss the
relevant shock physics that can explain the observed X-ray emission. The X-ray
spectra are well fit by plane parallel shock models with post-shock electron
temperatures of ~ 2.6 keV and ionization ages of ~ 6 x 10^10 cm^3/s. The
combined X-ray line profile has a FWHM of ~ 5000 km/s, indicating a blast wave
speed of ~ 3500 km/s. At this speed, plasma with a mean post-shock temperature
of ~ 17 keV is produced. This is direct evidence for incomplete electron-ion
temperature equilibration behind the shock. Assuming this shock temperature, we
constrain the amount of collisionless electron heating at the shock front at
T_e0 / T_s = 0.11 (+0.02,-0.01). We find that the plasma has low metallicity
(abundances are ~ 0.1 -- 0.4 solar) and is nitrogen enriched (N/O ~ 0.8 by
number), similar to that found for the equatorial ring. Analysis of the spectra
from different regions of the remnant reveals slight differences in the
parameters of the emitting plasma. The plasma is cooler near the optical Spot 1
(at position angle ~ 30 degrees) and in the eastern half of the remnant, where
the bright optical spots are found, than in the western half, consistent with
the presence of slower (~ 500 km/s) shocks entering denser ring material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96208 </DOCNO>
The Period Function of Second Order Differential Equations


  We interest in the behaviour of the period function for equations of the type
$u'' + g(u) = 0$ and $u'' + f(u)u' + g(u) = 0$ with a center at the origin 0.
$g$ is a function of class $C^k$. For the conservative case, if $k \geq 2$ one
shows that the Opial criterion is the better one among those for which these
the necessary condition $g''(0) = 0$ holds. In the case where $f$ is of class
$C^1$ and $k \geq 3$, the Lienard equations $ u'' + f(u) u'
  + g(u) = 0$ may have a monotonic period function if $g'(0) g^{(3)}(0) - {5/3}
{g''}^{2}(0) - {2/3} {f'}^{2}(0) g'(0) \neq 0$ in a neighborhood of 0. {\it Key
Words and phrases:} period function, monotonicity, isochronicity, Lienard
equation, polynomial systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41693 </DOCNO>
BTeV Level 1 Vertex Trigger


  BTeV is a $B$-physics experiment that expects to begin collecting data at the
C0 interaction region of the Fermilab Tevatron in the year 2006. Its primary
goal is to achieve unprecedented levels of sensitivity in the study of CP
violation, mixing, and rare decays in $b$ and $c$ quark systems. In order to
realize this, it will employ a state-of-the-art first-level vertex trigger
(Level 1) that will look at every beam crossing to identify detached secondary
vertices that provide evidence for heavy quark decays. This talk will briefly
describe the BTeV detector and trigger, focus on the software and hardware
aspects of the Level 1 vertex trigger, and describe work currently being done
in these areas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3512 </DOCNO>
Aspects of noncommutative descriptions of planar systems in high


  We study some aspects of recent proposals to use the noncommutative
Chern-Simons theory as an effective description of some planar condensed matter
models in strong magnetic fields, such as the Quantum Hall Effect. We present
an alternative justification for such a description, which may be extended to
other planar systems where a uniform magnetic field is present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168401 </DOCNO>
Separable approximation for mixed states of composite quantum systems


  We describe a purely algebraic method for finding the best separable
approximation to a mixed state of a composite 2x2 quantum system, consisting of
a decomposition of the state into a linear combination of a mixed separable
part and a pure entangled one. We prove that, in a generic case, the weight of
the pure part in the decomposition equals the concurrence of the state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123743 </DOCNO>
On The Linearity of The Black Hole - Bulge Mass Relation in Active and


  Analysis of PG quasar observations suggests a nonlinear relation between the
black hole mass, M_BH, and the bulge mass, M_bulge, although a linear relation,
as proposed for nearby galaxies, cannot be ruled out. New M_BH values for
nearby galaxies from Gebhardt et al., and L_bulge measurements for Seyfert 1
galaxies from Virani et al., are used here to obtain a more accurate value for
the slope of the M_BH-M_bulge relation. The combined sample of 40 active and
non-active galaxies suggests a significantly nonlinear relation, M_BH\propto
M_bulge^{1.53\pm 0.14}. Further support for a nonlinear relation is provided by
the slope of the M_BH-stellar velocity dispersion relation found recently, and
by the low M_BH found in late type spiral galaxies. The mean M_BH/M_bulge ratio
is therefore not a universal constant, but rather drops from ~0.5% in bright
(M_V ~ -22) ellipticals, to ~0.05% in low luminosity (M_V ~ -18) bulges. Hubble
Space Telescope determinations of M_BH in late type spirals, and of the bulge
magnitude in narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies (both predicted to have low M_BH),
can further test the validity of the nonlinear M_BH-M_bulge relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3587 </DOCNO>
The Effective Bosonic Hamiltonian for Excitons Reconsidered


  The effective bosonic hamiltonian for excitons, extensively quoted up to now,
cannot be correct because it is (surprisingly) non-hermitian. The oversight
physically originates from the intrinsic difficulty of properly defining
electron-hole interactions between excitons when dealing with exchange terms.
By using our commutation technique, we show that the fermionic character of the
excitons cannot be forced into a dressed Coulomb interaction only : The
effective bosonic hamiltonian must contain purely fermionic terms of the same
order as the Coulomb terms. They are necessary to ensure hermiticity, and they
do not reduce to a two-body interaction, Pauli exclusion being N-body by
essence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126663 </DOCNO>
The Spectacular BHR 71 Outflow


  BHR 71 is a well isolated Bok globule located at ~200 pc, which harbours a
highly collimated bipolar outflow. The outflow is driven by a very young Class
0 protostar with a luminosity of ~9 L_sun. It is one of a very small number
that show enhanced abundances of a number of molecular species, notably SiO and
CH3OH, due to shock processing of the ambient medium. In this paper the
properties of the globule and outflow are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2624 </DOCNO>
Ordering Process and Its Hole Concentration Dependence of the Stripe


  Ordering process of stripe order in La{2-x}Sr{x}NiO{4} with x being around
1/3 was investigated by neutron diffraction experiments. When the stripe order
is formed at high temperature, incommensurability \epsilon of the stripe order
has a tendency to show the value close to 1/3 for the samples with x at both
sides of 1/3. With decreasing temperature, however, \epsilon becomes close to
the value determined by the linear relation of \epsilon = n_h, where n_h is a
hole concentration. This variation of the \epsilon strongly affects the
character of the stripe order through the change of the carrier densities in
stripes and antiferromagnetic domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73336 </DOCNO>
No-Scale Scenarios in the Light of New Measurement of Muon Anomalous


  Supersymmetric contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment a_\mu is
discussed in the no-scale-type supersymmetry breaking scenarios. Taking the
correlation between the supersymmetric contributions to a_\mu and Br(b\to
s\gamma), it is shown that the precise measurements of these quantities serve
an important constraint on the relative sign of the gaugino masses; combining
the 2.6-\sigma deviation in a_\mu from the standard-model prediction measured
by the E821 experiment and Br(b\to s\gamma) measured by CLEO, the sign of the
product M_2M_3 is strongly preferred to be positive, where M_2 and M_3 are
SU(2)_L and SU(3)_C gaugino mass parameters, respectively. In particular,
no-scale-type models with universal gaugino masses are in accord with the two
constraints and also with the Higgs mass bound. In addition, it is also shown
that future improvements in the measurements of a_\mu and Br(b\to s\gamma) may
provide serious test of the cases with M_2M_3<0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87053 </DOCNO>
Ellipsoidal, Cylindrical, Bipolar and Toroidal Wormholes in 5D Gravity


  In this paper we construct and analyze new classes of wormhole and flux
tube-like solutions for the 5D vacuum Einstein equations. These 5D solutions
possess generic local anisotropy which gives rise to a gravitational running or
scaling of the Kaluza-Klein ``electric'' and ``magnetic'' charges of these
solutions. It is also shown that it is possible to self-consistently construct
these anisotropic solutions with various rotational 3D hypersurface geometries
(i.e. ellipsoidal, cylindrical, bipolar and toroidal). The local anisotropy of
these solutions is handled using the technique of anholonomic frames with their
associated nonlinear connection structures [vst]. Through the use of the
anholonomic frames the metrics are diagonalized, in contrast to holonomic
coordinate frames where the metrics would have off-diagonal components. In the
local isotropic limit these solutions are shown to be equivalent to spherically
symmetric 5D wormhole and flux tube solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41866 </DOCNO>
J/psi Inclusive Production in ep Deep-Inelastic Scattering at DESY HERA


  We calculate the cross section of J/psi plus jet associated production in ep
deep-inelastic scattering within the factorization formalism of nonrelativistic
quantum chromodynamics. Our analytic results disagree with previous analyses,
both for the colour-singlet and colour-octet channels. Our theoretical
predictions agree reasonably well with recent data taken by the H1
Collaboration at DESY HERA, significantly better than those obtained within the
colour-singlet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126683 </DOCNO>
Thermal Desorption of Water-Ice in the Interstellar Medium


  Water (H2O) ice is an important solid constituent of many astrophysical
environments. To comprehend the role of such ices in the chemistry and
evolution of dense molecular clouds and comets, it is necessary to understand
the freeze-out, potential surface reactivity, and desorption mechanisms of such
molecular systems. Consequently, there is a real need from within the
astronomical modelling community for accurate empirical molecular data
pertaining to these processes. Here we give the first results of a laboratory
programme to provide such data. Measurements of the thermal desorption of H2O
ice, under interstellar conditions, are presented. For ice deposited under
conditions that realistically mimic those in a dense molecular cloud, the
thermal desorption of thin films (~50 molecular layers) is found to occur with
zero order kinetics characterised by a surface binding energy, E_{des}, of 5773
+/- 60 K, and a pre-exponential factor, A, of 10^(30 +/- 2) molecules cm^-2
s^-1. These results imply that, in the dense interstellar medium, thermal
desorption of H2O ice will occur at significantly higher temperatures than has
previously been assumed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85686 </DOCNO>
Nearly horizon skimming orbits of Kerr black holes


  An unusual set of orbits about extreme Kerr black holes resides at the
Boyer-Lindquist radius $r = M$, the coordinate of the hole's event horizon.
These ``horizon skimming'' orbits have the property that their angular momentum
$L_z$ {\it increases} with inclination angle, opposite to the familiar behavior
one encounters at larger radius. In this paper, I show that this behavior is
characteristic of a larger family of orbits, the ``nearly horizon skimming''
(NHS) orbits. NHS orbits exist in the very strong field of any black hole with
spin $a\agt 0.952412M$. Their unusual behavior is due to the locking of
particle motion near the event horizon to the hole's spin, and is therefore a
signature of the Kerr metric's extreme strong field. An observational hallmark
of NHS orbits is that a small body spiraling into a Kerr black hole due to
gravitational-wave emission will be driven into orbits of progressively smaller
inclination angle, toward the equator. This is in contrast to the ``normal''
behavior. For circular orbits, the change in inclination is very small, and
unlikely to be of observational importance. I argue that the change in
inclination may be considerably larger when one considers the evolution of
inclined eccentric orbits. If this proves correct, then the gravitational waves
produced by evolution through the NHS regime may constitute a very interesting
and important probe of the strong-field nature of rotating black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123707 </DOCNO>
Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background from Non-Uniform


  We study the signal in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization
anisotropy resulting from patchy reionization. It is well known that the
primordial polarization of the CMB is very sensitive to the details of
reionization. Combining a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, in which the
optical depth to the reionization epoch is in the range 0.014 to 0.048, with a
high resolution N-body simulation we find that reionization generates a peak
with amplitude 0.05~0.15 \mu K at large angular scales. The position of this
peak reveals the size of the horizon at reionization, whilst its amplitude is a
measure of the optical depth to reionization. On small scales, ionized patches
prior to full reionization create a second order polarization signal due to the
coupling of the free electron density fluctuation with the quadrupole moment of
the temperature anisotropy. Careful study reveals that the coupling generates
the same power spectra for electric and magnetic modes, whose amplitudes of
polarization anisotropies from this process are predicted to be ~10nK. The
amplitude depends strongly on the total baryon density $\Omega_b$ and on the
spatial correlations of the free electron density in the ionized regions, and
weakly on the fraction of ionizing photons able to escape their source galaxy,
$f_{esc}$. The first- and second-order signals are therefore sensitive to the
details of how the reionization occurred. Detection of these signals will place
important constraints on the reionization history of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129469 </DOCNO>
The X-ray sources at the center of G266.1-1.2


  We present optical observations of the fields of two X-ray sources located
near the center of the shell-like supernova remnant G266.1-1.2. No objects
brighter than R~22.5 and B~23 are present within the small Chandra error region
of AX J0851.9-4617.4, besides a R~17 star that has already been excluded as a
possible counterpart. A bright diffuse H_alpha nebula is present close to the
position of the candidate neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179678 </DOCNO>
On Cooper Pairing in Finite Fermi Systems


  In order to analyse the role of the quasiparticle-phonon interaction in the
origin of nuclear gap, we applied an approach which is similar to the
Eliashberg theory for usual superconductors. We obtained that the averaged
contribution of the quasiparticle-phonon mechanism to the observed value of the
pairing gap for $^{120}$Sn is 26% and the BCS-type mechanism gives 74% . Thus,
pairing is of a mixed nature at least in semi-magic nuclei -- it is due to the
quasiparticle-phonon and BCS mechanisms, the first one being mainly a surface
mechanism and the second one mainly a volume mechanism. The calculations of the
strength distribution for the odd-mass nuclei $^{119}Sn$ and $^{121}Sn$ have
shown that the quasiparticle-phonon mechanism mainly improves the description
of the observed spectroscopic factors in these nuclei.
  For the case of nuclei with pairing in both proton and neutron systems it is
necessary to go beyond the Eliashberg-Migdal approximations and include the
vertex correction graphs in addition to the rainbow ones. The estimations for
spectroscopic factors performed within a three-level model have shown that the
contribution of the vertex correction graphs was rather noticeable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169541 </DOCNO>
A model for the stochastic origins of Schrodinger's equation


  A model for the motion of a charged particle in the vacuum is presented
which, although purely classical in concept, yields Schrodinger's equation as a
solution. It suggests that the origins of the peculiar and nonclassical
features of quantum mechanics are actually inherent in a statistical
description of the radiative reactive force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2203 </DOCNO>
Anomalous finite-size effect in superconducting Josephson junction


  We report large-scale simulations of the resistively-shunted Josephson
junction array in strip geometry. As the strip width increases, the voltage
first decreases following the dynamic scaling ansatz proposed by Minnhagen {\it
et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 74}, 3672 (1995)], and then rises towards the
asymptotic value predicted by Ambegaokar {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf
40}, 783 (1978)]. The nonmonotonic size-dependence is attributed to shortened
life time of free vortices in narrow strips, and points to the danger of
single-scale analysis applied to a charge-neutral superfluid state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125858 </DOCNO>
The RR Lyrae variables in M54 and the Sgr dwarf galaxy


  We report on new B, V and I CCD photometry of the globular cluster M54 that
was aimed at the study of its variable stars. With respect to the previous most
recent work on M54 we have nearly doubled the number of detected variable
stars: M54 can now be classified as intermediate in the Oosterhoff groups. The
metallicity distribution for the cluster and the Sgr dSph field is obtained
from the red giant stellar population, and for the variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2028 </DOCNO>
Phase fluctuations in superconductors: from Galilean invariant to


  We analyze the corrections to the superfluid density due to phase
fluctuations within both a continuum and a lattice model for $s$- and d-wave
superconductors. We expand the phase-only action beyond the Gaussian level and
compare our results with the quantum XY model both in the quantum and in the
classical regime. We find new dynamic anharmonic vertices, absent in the
quantum XY model, which are responsible for the vanishing of the correction to
the superfluid density at zero temperature in a continuum (Galilean invariant)
model. Moreover the phase-fluctuation effects are reduced with respect to the
XY model by a factor at least of order $1/(k_F\xi_0)^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168908 </DOCNO>
The uniqueness question in the multidimensional moment problem with


  The theory of holomorphic functions of several complex variables is applied
in proving a multidimensional variant of a theorem involving an exponential
boundedness criterion for the classical moment problem. A theorem of Petersen
concerning the relation between the multidimensional and one-dimensional moment
problems is extended for half-lines and compact subsets of the real line. These
results are used to solve the moment problem for the quantum phase space
observables generated by the number states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6955 </DOCNO>
Field quantization for chaotic resonators with overlapping modes


  Feshbach's projector technique is employed to quantize the electromagnetic
field in optical resonators with an arbitray number of escape channels. We find
spectrally overlapping resonator modes coupled due to the damping and noise
inflicted by the external radiation field. For wave chaotic resonators the mode
dynamics is determined by a non--Hermitean random matrix. Upon including an
amplifying medium, our dynamics of open-resonator modes may serve as a starting
point for a quantum theory of random lasing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 300 </DOCNO>
Rigorous approach to the problem of ultraviolet divergencies in dilute


  We have found an expression for the full many-body Green's function of N
pairwise finite-range interacting atoms, in a form of a chain fraction
involving two-body T-matrices only, with no explicit presence of the
interaction potentials themselves. We show that in the limit of infinitely
small potential range, this expression reduces to the Green's function for N
atoms interacting via a generalized pseudo-potential, function of a free
parameter \Lambda. Using this \Lambda-freedom we resolve all inconsistensies of
the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov formalism known so far, with no ad hoc
modifications of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124235 </DOCNO>
The Zoo of X-ray Pulsars


  I review some recent developments in the field of X-ray pulsars: the
discovery of millisecond pulsations in the Low Mass Binary System SAX
J1808.4-3658, the large number of transient Be systems discovered in the
Magellanic Clouds and the enigmatic class of objects known as Anomalous X-ray
Pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41853 </DOCNO>
Positron polarisation and low energy running at a Linear Collider


  The physics potential of an e+e- linear collider can be significantly
enhanced if both the electron and positron beams are polarised. Low energy
running at the Z-resonance or close to the W-pair threshold is particularly
attractive with polarised positrons. This note discusses the experimental
aspects and physics opportunities of both low energy running and positron
polarisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98690 </DOCNO>
Involutions of double affine Hecke algebras


  The main aim of the paper is to formulate and prove a result about the
structure of double affine Hecke algebras which allows its two commutative
subalgebras to play a symmetric role. This result is essential for the theory
of intertwiners of double affine Hecke algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74453 </DOCNO>
Excitation of Nucleon Resonances


  I discuss developments in the area of nucleon resonance excitations that are
necessary to bring our understanding of nucleon structure in the regime of
strong QCD to a qualitatively new level. They involve the collection of high
quality data in various channels, a more rigorous approach in the search for
"missing" quark model states, an effort to compute some critical quantities in
nucleon resonance excitations from first principles, i.e. QCD, and a proposal
aimed at obtaining an understanding of a fundamental quantity in nucleon
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126489 </DOCNO>
DIRECT Distances to Nearby Galaxies Using Detached Eclipsing Binaries


  DIRECT is a project to obtain directly the distances to two Local Group
galaxies, M31 and M33, which occupy a crucial position near the bottom of the
cosmological distance ladder. As the first step of the DIRECT project we have
searched for detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs) and new Cepheids in the M31 and
M33 galaxies with 1m-class telescopes. In this eighth paper we present a
catalog of variable stars discovered in the data from the followup observations
of DEB system D33J013337.0+303032.8 in field M33B [(RA,Dec)= (23.48, 30.57),
J2000.0], collected with the Kitt Peak National Observatory 2.1m telescope. In
our search covering an area of 108 sq. arcmin. we have found 895 variable
stars: 96 eclipsing binaries, 349 Cepheids, and 450 other periodic, possible
long period or non-periodic variables. Of these variables 612 are newly
discovered. Their light curves were extracted using the ISIS image subtraction
package. For 77% of the variables we present light curves in standard V and B
magnitudes, with the remaining 23% expressed in units of differential flux. We
have discovered a population of first overtone Cepheid candidates and for six
of them we present strong arguments in favor of this interpretation. The
catalog of variables, as well as their photometry (about 9.2*10^4 BV
measurements) and finding charts, is available electronically via anonymous ftp
and the World Wide Web. The complete set of the CCD frames is available upon
request.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169346 </DOCNO>
Reply to K A Kirkpatrick


  This is a reply to an article with the same title in which Kirkpatrick
claimed that the considerations I put forward some thirty years ago on quantum
mixtures are incorrect. It is shown here that Kirkpatrick's reasoning is
erroneous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97106 </DOCNO>
The Multi-field Complex Bateman Equation


  The multi-field generalisation of the Bateman equation arises from
considerations of the continuation of String and Brane equations to the case
where the base space is of higher dimension than the target space. The complex
extension of this equation possesses a remarkably large invariance group, and
admits a very simple implicit form for its general solution, in addition to the
special case of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic explicit solutions. A class of
inequivalent Lagrangians for this equation is discovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6722 </DOCNO>
Incoherent charge transport through molecular wires: interplay of


  The influence of Coulomb interaction on the electron transport through
molecular wires is studied in the regime of incoherent tunneling. In the limit
of strong Coulomb repulsion, the current for spinless electrons is determined.
It is shown that the voltage profile along the wire crucially influences the
dependence of the current on the wire length. Upon inclusion of the spin degree
of freedom one finds a blocking effect which depends both on the interaction
strength and on the population of the wire. For finite Coulomb interaction, the
temperature dependence of the blocking is studied and it is shown that several
regimes with different blocking strength may exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5733 </DOCNO>
Football goal distributions and extremal statistics


  We analyse the distributions of the number of goals scored by home teams,
away teams, and the total scored in the match, in domestic football games from
169 countries between 1999 and 2001. The probability density functions (PDFs)
of goals scored cannot be fitted over their entire ranges by Poisson or
negative binomial distributions; here, we compare the PDFs with those arising
from extremal statistics. In addition, we show that it is sufficient to model
English top division and FA Cup matches in the seasons of 1970/71 to 2000/01 on
Poisson or negative binomial distributions, as reported in analyses of earlier
seasons, and that these are not consistent with extremal statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3460 </DOCNO>
Spectral function of the electron in a superconducting RVB state


  We present a model calculation of the spectral function of an electron in a
superconducting resonating valence bond (RVB) state. The RVB state, described
by the phase-string mean field theory is characterized by three important
features: (i) spin-charge separation, (ii) short range antiferromagnetic
correlations, and (iii) holon condensation. The results of our calculation are
in good agreement with data obtained from Angle Resolved Photoemission
Spectroscopy (ARPES) in superconducting Bi 2212 at optimal doping
concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5731 </DOCNO>
Long-Time Tails, Weak Localization, and Classical and Quantum Critical


  An overview is given of the long-time and long-distance behavior of
correlation functions in both classical and quantum statistical mechanics.
After a simple derivation of the classical long-time tails in equilibrium time
correlation functions, we discuss analogous long-distance phenomena in
nonequilibrium classical systems. The paper then draws analogies between these
phenomena and similar effects in quantum statistical mechanics, with emphasis
on the soft modes that underly long-time tails and related phenomena. We also
elucidate the interplay between critical phenomena and long-time tails, using
the classical liquid-gas critical point and the quantum ferromagnetic
transition as examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1768 </DOCNO>
Theoretical study of quasiparticle states near the surface of a


  Quasiparticle states near the surface of a quasi-one-dimensional organic
superconductor $({TMTSF})_{2}{PF}_6$ are studied based on an extended Hubbard
model on a quasi-one dimensional lattice at quarter-filling. Three types of
pairing symmetries, (i) p-wave, (ii) d-wave, or (iii) $f$-wave are assumed. The
resulting surface density of states has characteristic features for each
pairing symmetry: i) a zero-energy peak (ZEP) in a U-shaped structure, ii) a
V-shaped structure without ZEP, and iii) a ZEP in a V-shaped structure. From
these results, we propose that the tunneling spectroscopy serves as a strong
method to identify the the pairing symmetry in $({TMTSF})_{2}{PF}_6$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126201 </DOCNO>
A Hidden Nucleus in Cygnus A, but Not in M87


  Historically the narrow line radio galaxies were thought to be intrinsically
nonthermal, and without significant accretion. When the Unified Model came
along the compelling observational motivation for this lost some force: some
are found to be hidden broad line objects, and in principle that could be the
case with all of them.
  The clear sign of a hidden quasar is a normal quasar spectrum in polarized
(scattered) light. However that test requires a suitably placed "mirror." A
more robust test is the high predicted mid-IR core luminosity reradiating from
the obscuring matter. Cygnus A has this component, but M87 does not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113551 </DOCNO>
Quaternion Supergravity predicts the Standard Model


  It is shown that extending Osp(4/1) supergravity to quaternion co-ordinates
to get HU(4/1) gives the standard model with 3 generations of fermions,
U(1)xSU(2)xSU(3) bosons plus 2 gravitinos, 1 graviton, and nothing else. It is
shown using the method of components that this is the largest supergravity
theory possible. Briefly, we look at how this relates to 16D M-Theory (which I
call Q-Theory). I hope others will be encouraged to work on this idea. This
paper was replaced because it now includes conclusions on the fermionic sector
such as the number of generations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168378 </DOCNO>
Distillability Criterion for all Bipartite Gaussian States


  We prove that all inseparable Gaussian states of two modes can be distilled
into maximally entangled pure states by local operations. Using this result we
show that a bipartite Gaussian state of arbitrarily many modes can be distilled
if and only if its partial transpose is not positive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113922 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in the Quantum Vacuum


  We argue that it is a fluctuational underpinning of the Quantum vacuum which
on the one hand gives a stochastic character to the conservation laws, and on
the other is required for explaining the recently observed acceleration of the
universe. This also provides us with the arrow of time, in a consistent
cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4984 </DOCNO>
Bethe Ansatz Solutions and Excitation Gap of the Attractive Bose-Hubbard


  The energy gap between the ground state and the first excited state of the
one-dimensional attractive Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian is investigated in
connection with directed polymers in random media. The excitation gap \Delta is
obtained by exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian in the two- and
three-particle sectors and also by an exact Bethe Ansatz solution in the
two-particle sector. The dynamic exponent z is found to be 2. However, in the
intermediate range of the size L where UL~O(1), U being the attractive
interaction, the effective dynamic exponent shows an anomalous peak reaching
high values of 2.4 and 2.7 for the two- and the three-particle sectors,
respectively. The anomalous behavior is related to a change in the sign of the
first excited-state energy. In the two-particle sector, we use the Bethe Ansatz
solution to obtain the effective dynamic exponent as a function of the scaling
variable UL/\pi. The continuum version, the attractive delta-function Bose-gas
Hamiltonian, is integrable by the Bethe Ansatz with suitable quantum numbers,
the distributions of which are not known in general. Quantum numbers are
proposed for the first excited state and are confirmed numerically for an
arbitrary number of particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148732 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative field theory in formalism of first quantization


  We present a first-quantized formulation of the quadratic non-commutative
field theory in the background of abelian (gauge) field. Even in this simple
case the Hamiltonian of a propagating particle depends non-trivially on the
momentum (since external fields depend on location of the Landau orbit) so that
one can not integrate out momentum to obtain a local theory in the second order
formalism. The cases of scalar and spinning particles are considered. A
representation for exact propagators is found and the result is applied to
description of the Schwinger-type processes (pair-production in homogenous
external field).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74011 </DOCNO>
Power Corrections in Flavour-Singlet Deep Inelastic Scattering


  We investigate the 1/Q^2 power-suppressed corrections to structure functions
in the flavour-singlet channel of deep inelastic lepton scattering arising from
renormalon insertions into an initial-state gluon, as obtained using the
dispersive approach. The pinch technique is used as a convenient tool in the
separation of contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179715 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric nuclear matter:the role of the isovector scalar channel


  We try to single out some qualitative new effects of the coupling to the
$\delta$-isovector-scalar meson introduced in a minimal way in a
phenomenological hadronic field theory. Results for the equation of state
($EOS$) and the phase diagram of asymmetric nuclear matter ($ANM$) are
discussed. We stress the consistency of the $\delta$-coupling introduction in a
relativistic approach. New contributions to the slope and curvature of the
symmetry energy and the neutron-proton effective mass splitting appear
particularly interesting. A more repulsive $EOS$ for neutron matter at high
baryon densities is expected. Effects on new critical properties of warm $ANM$,
mixing of mechanical and chemical instabilities and isospin distillation, are
also presented. The $\delta$ influence is mostly on the {\it isovectorlike}
collective response.
  The results are largely analytical and this makes the physical meaning quite
transparent. Implications for nuclear structure properties of drip-line nuclei
and for reaction dynamics with Radioactive Beams are finally pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86592 </DOCNO>
Singularities in gravitational collapse with radial pressure


  We analyze spherical dust collapse with non-vanishing radial pressure, $\Pi$,
and vanishing tangential stresses. Considering a barotropic equation of state,
$\Pi=\gamma\rho$, we obtain an analytical solution in closed form---which is
exact for $\gamma=-1,0$, and approximate otherwise---near the center of
symmetry (where the curvature singularity forms). We study the formation,
visibility, and curvature strength of singularities in the resulting spacetime.
We find that visible, Tipler strong singularities can develop from generic
initial data. Radial pressure alters the spectrum of possible endstates for
collapse, increasing the parameter space region that contains no visible
singularities, but cannot by itself prevent the formation of visible
singularities for sufficiently low values of the energy density. Known results
from pressureless dust are recovered in the $\gamma=0$ limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148396 </DOCNO>
Exact Solution of the Schwinger Model with Compact U(1)


  The exact solution of the Schwinger model with compact gauge group U(1) is
presented. The compactification is imposed by demanding that the only surviving
true electromagnetic degree of freedom has angular character. Not
surprinsingly, this topological condition defines a version of the Schwinger
model which is different from the standard one, where $c$ takes values on the
line. The main consequences are: the spectra of the zero modes is not
degenerated and does not correspond to the equally spaced harmonic oscillator,
both the electric charge and a modified gauge invariant chiral charge are
conserved (nevertheless, the axial-current anomaly is still present) and,
finally, there is no need to introduce a $\theta$-vacuum. A comparison with the
results of the standard Schwinger model is pointed out along the text.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4312 </DOCNO>
Charged hydrogenic problem in a magnetic field: Non-commutative


  An operator formalism is developed for a description of charged electron-hole
complexes in magnetic fields. A novel unitary transformation of the Hamiltonian
that allows one to partially separate the center-of-mass and internal motions
is proposed. We study the operator algebra that leads to the appearance of new
effective particles, electrons and holes with modified interparticle
interactions, and their coherent states in magnetic fields. The developed
formalism is used for studying a two-dimensional negatively charged
magnetoexciton $X^-$. It is shown that Fano-resonances are present in the
spectra of internal $X^-$ transitions, indicating the existence of
three-particle quasi-bound states embedded in the continuum of higher Landau
levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95995 </DOCNO>
ACM vector bundles on prime Fano threefolds and complete intersection


  In this paper we derive a list of all the possible indecomposable normalized
rank--two vector bundles without intermediate cohomology on the prime Fano
threefolds and on the complete intersection Calabi Yau threefolds, say $V$, of
Picard number $\rho=1$. For any such bundle $\E$, if it exists, we find the
projective invariants of the curves $C \subset V$ which are the zero-locus of
general global sections of $\E$. In turn, a curve $C \subset V$ with such
invariants is a section of a bundle $\E$ from our lists. This way we reduce the
problem for existence of such bundles on $V$ to the problem for existence of
curves with prescribed properties contained in $V$. In part of the cases in our
lists the existence of such curves on the general $V$ is known, and we state
the question about the existence on the general $V$ of any type of curves from
the lists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86989 </DOCNO>
Supergravity and the Poincare group


  An action for 3+1-dimensional supergravity genuinely invariant under the
Poincare supergroup is proposed. The construction of the action is carried out
considering a bosonic lagrangian invariant under both local Lorentz rotations
and local Poincare translations as well as under diffeomorphism, and therefore
the Poincare algebra closes off-shell. Since the lagrangian is invariant under
the Poincare supergroup, the supersymmetry algebra closes off shell without the
need of auxiliary fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124065 </DOCNO>
Radio Observations of New Galactic Bulge Planetary Nebulae


  We observed 64 newly identified galactic bulge planetary nebulae in the radio
continuum at 3 and 6 cm with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We present
their radio images, positions, flux densities, and angular sizes. The survey
appears to have detected a larger ratio of more extended planetary nebulae with
low surface brightness than in previous surveys. We calculated their distances
according to Van de Steene & Zijlstra (1995). We find that most of the new
sample is located on the near side around the galactic center and closer in
than the previously known bulge PNe. Based on H-alpha images and spectroscopic
data, we calculated the total H-alpha flux. We compare this flux value with the
radio flux density and derive the extinction. We confirm that the distribution
of the extinction values around the galactic center rises toward the center, as
expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73760 </DOCNO>
Compact Hyperbolic Manifolds as Internal Worlds


  We comment briefly on some of the advantages and disadvantages of compact
hyperbolic manifolds as candidate manifolds for large radii compactifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98093 </DOCNO>
Resolutions of p-Modular TQFT's and Representations of Symmetric Groups


  We construct families of TQFT's over the finite field Z/pZ starting from an
integral TQFT obtained by Frohman and Nicas. These TQFT's are likely to
describe the constant order contributions of the cyclotomic integer expansions
of the Reshetikhin Turaev Ohtsuki theories. Their modular structure is
intimately related to the p-modular representation theory of the symmetric
groups S_n. We construct resolutions of simple p-modular TQFT's and S_n-modules
over Z/pZ using powers of Lefschetz operators. These yield expansions of the
irreducible p-modular S_n-characters in terms of the ordianry ones as well as
expressions for the Alexander Polynomial of a 3-manifold evaluated at a p-th
root of unity in terms of traces in the irreducible modular TQFT's over
covering cobordisms. Together with identifications with the constant orders of
quantum TQFT's this results, e.g., in non-trivial criteria for a group to be a
3-manifold group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40846 </DOCNO>
Shadows of Relic Neutrino Masses and Spectra on Highest Energy GZK


  The Ultra High Energy (UHE) neutrino scattering onto relic cosmic neutrinos
in galactic and local halos offers an unique way to overcome GZK cut-off. The
UHE nu secondary of UHE photo-pion decays may escape the GZK cut-off and travel
on cosmic distances hitting local light relic neutrinos clustered in dark
halos. The Z resonant production and the competitive W^+W^-, ZZ pair production
define a characteristic imprint on hadronic consequent UHECR spectra. This
imprint keeps memory both of the primary UHE nu spectra as well as of the
possible relic neutrino masses values, energy spectra and relic densities. Such
an hadronic showering imprint should reflect into spectra morphology of cosmic
rays near and above GZK 10^{19}-10^{21}eV cut-off energies. A possible neutrino
degenerate masses at eVs or a more complex and significant neutrino mass split
below or near Super-Kamiokande \triangle m_{\nu_{SK}}= 0.1 eV masses might be
reflected after each corresponding Z peak showering, into new twin unexpected
UHECR flux modulation behind GZK energies: E_{p} sim 3(frac{triangle
m_{\nu_{SK}}}/m_{\nu}10^{21}),eV.
  Other shadowsof lightest, nearly massless, neutrinos m_{nu_{2K} simeq 0.001eV
simeq kT_{\nu}, their lowest relic temperatures, energies and densities might
be also reflected at even higher energies edges near Grand Unification: E_{p}
\sim 2.2(m_{\nu_{2K}/E_{\nu}})10^{23}, eV .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123483 </DOCNO>
Cluster AgeS Experiment. CCD photometry of SX Phoenicis variables in the


  We present CCD photometry of SX Phe variables in the field of the globular
cluster M 55. We have discovered 27 variables, three of which are probable
members of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. All of the SX Phe stars in M 55 lie in
the blue straggler region of the cluster color-magnitude diagram. Using period
ratio information we have identified the radial pulsation modes for one of the
observed variables. Inspection of the period-luminosity distribution permits
the probable identifications of the pulsation modes for most of the rest of the
stars in the sample. We have determined the slope of the period-luminosity
relation for SX Phe stars in M 55 pulsating in the fundamental mode. Using this
relation and the HIPPARCOS data for SX Phe itself, we have estimated the
apparent distance modulus to M 55 to be (m-M)_V=13.86 +- 0.25 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128817 </DOCNO>
Five-Dimensional Brane World Theory


  We present a five-dimensional gravitational theory in a space-time-velocity
Riemannian manifold. The equations of motion of a star moving around a galaxy
are shown to be the Tully-Fisher law. The problem of the cosmological constant
is discussed, and a new formula for the cosmological redshift is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99004 </DOCNO>
An Infinite Series of Perfect Quadratic Forms and Big Delaunay Simplexes


  George Voronoi (1908-09) introduced two important reduction methods for
positive quadratic forms: the reduction with perfect forms, and the reduction
with L-type domains.
  A form is perfect if can be reconstructed from all representations of its
arithmetic minimum. Two forms have the same L-type if Delaunay tilings of their
lattices are affinely equivalent. Delaunay (1937-38) asked about possible
relative volumes of lattice Delaunay simplexes. We construct an infinite series
of Delaunay simplexes of relative volume n-3, the best known as of now. This
series gives rise to a new infintie series of perfect forms TF_{n} with
interesting properties, e.g. TF_{5}=D_{5}, TF_{6}=E*_{6}, TF_{7}=\phi_{15}^{7}.
For all n the domain of TF_{n} is adjacent to the domain of the 2-nd perfect
form D_{n}. Perfect form TF_{n} is a direct n-dimensional generalization of
Korkine and Zolotareff's 3-rd perfect form \phi_{2}^{5} in 5 variables. It is
likely that this form is equivalent to Anzin's (1991) form h_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126213 </DOCNO>
The Gas Content and Kinematics of Nearby Blue Compact Galaxies:


  We present Arecibo 21 cm spectroscopy, Keck HIRES Hb spectroscopy, and WIYN
R-band images of 11 nearby blue compact galaxies selected to be similar to blue
compact star-forming galaxies at intermediate redshifts (0.1<z<1). We detect HI
in 10 of 11 sample galaxies, yielding HI masses of 0.3-4x10^9 M_odot, HI
linewidths, W_20, of 133-249 km/s, dynamical masses of 0.5-5x10^10 M_odot, gas
depletion timescales, tau_gas, of 0.3-7 Gyr, HI mass fractions of 0.01-0.58,
and mass-to-light ratios of 0.1-0.8. These values span the range typical of
nearby HII galaxies, irregulars and spirals. Despite the restricted
morphological selection, our sample is quite heterogeneous in HI content,
dynamical mass, and gas depletion timescale. Therefore, these galaxies should
look very different from each other in 5 Gyr. Fading of intermediate-z luminous
blue compact galaxies into NGC-type spheroidals is a viable evolutionary
scenario for the least massive, most gas-poor objects. The most consistent
characteristic of our sample is that the ratio, R, of HII linewidth to HI 21 cm
linewidth (W_20) are systematically less than unity. The simplest explanation
is that the ionized gas is more centrally concentrated than the neutral gas
within the gravitational potential. On average R=0.66 +/- 0.16, similar to
findings for local HII galaxies. We find R is also a function of linewidth;
smaller linewidth galaxies have smaller values of R. Correcting optical
linewidths by this factor raises derived masses and places these galaxies on
the local luminosity--linewidth (Tully-Fisher) relation. If this ratio applies
to intermediate-redshift galaxies, then the proposed luminosity evolution of
the Tully-Fisher relation is much smaller and more gradual than suggested by
studies using optical emission-linewidth measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75354 </DOCNO>
Symmetries and wavelets


  Wavelet analysis of different patterns reveals some symmetries and
singularities otherwise hidden in the pattern. Its general methods are briefly
reviewed. Examples from turbulence, cavitation, Cherenkov gluon emission and
quark-gluon jets structure in QCD are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1984 </DOCNO>
Critical exponents predicted by grouping of Feynman diagrams in phi^4


  Different perturbation theory treatments of the Ginzburg-Landau phase
transition model are discussed. This includes a criticism of the perturbative
renormalization group (RG) approach and a proposal of a novel method providing
critical exponents consistent with the known exact solutions in two dimensions.
The usual perturbation theory is reorganized by appropriate grouping of Feynman
diagrams of phi^4 model with O(n) symmetry. As a result, equations for
calculation of the two-point correlation function are obtained which allow to
predict possible exact values of critical exponents in two and three dimensions
by proving relevant scaling properties of the asymptotic solution at (and near)
the criticality. The new values of critical exponents are discussed and
compared to the results of numerical simulations and experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125794 </DOCNO>
Warm gas in central regions of nearby galaxies. Extended mapping of


  We have mapped the CO(3-2) line emission from several nearby galaxies, using
the Heinrich-Hertz-Telescope. Our investigation includes twelve galaxies of
various types and in different stages of star forming activity.
 The main results of this CO(3-2) survey are: 1. In none of the observed
objects the emission is confined to the nucleus, as claimed in some earlier
publications. CO(3-2) emission can be detected for some objects to the same
extent as the CO(2-1) and the CO(1-0) lines. 2. The emission is more
concentrated to the vicinity of star forming structures than the lower CO
transitions. This is shown by decreasing line ratios from the very centres
towards larger radii. 3. The CO(3-2) luminosity is stronger in objects that
contain a nuclear starburst or morphological peculiarities. 4. The line ratios
seem to be independent of Hubble type, color or luminosity. Most galaxies with
enhanced central star formation show line ratios of ~1.3 in the very centre and
\~1.0 at a radius of about 1kpc. Objects with a ring-like molecular gas
distribution or normal galaxies show lower ratios. 5. Starburst galaxies show
CO(3-2) emission also in their disks. The line intensities there are higher
than that of normal galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76860 </DOCNO>
Comparing fragmentation of strange quark in Z decays and K+p reactions


  The ratios of the production rates K*(892)/K, phi/K, rho^0/pi, omega/pi,
Delta^{++}/p, Sigma+(1385)/Lambda, Xi^-/Lambda and their x_p dependences
obtained from results of the LEP and SLD experiments in Z hadronic decays are
analysed. The corresponding ratios for promptly produced mesons are estimated
at x_p -> 1. A comparison of the LEP results with those from the Mirabelle and
BEBC K+p experiments at 32 and 70 GeV/c shows striking similarity in
fragmentation of the strange valence quark of the incident K+ and strange
quarks produced in Z decays. The JETSET model describes the LEP, Mirabelle and
BEBC results. The model of Pei is consistent with the data for mesons, but
presumably underestimates the fractions of primary octet baryons. The quark
combinatorics model of Anisovich et al.is incompatible with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2177 </DOCNO>
Towards a phase diagram of the 2D Skyrme model


  We discuss calculations of the phase diagram of the baby-Skyrme model, a
two-dimensional version of the model that has been so successful in the
description of baryons. Contact is made with the sine Gordon model in 1D, and
relations with the Skyrme model used in the quantum-Hall effect are pointed
out. It is shown that at finite temperature the phase diagram is dominated by a
liquid, and not the crystal that plays a role for zero temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97588 </DOCNO>
Matrix Valued Spherical Functions Associated to the Complex Projective


  The main purpose of this paper is to compute all irreducible spherical
functions on $G=\SU(3)$ of arbitrary type $\delta\in \hat K$, where
$K={\mathrm{S}}(\mathrm{U}(2)\times\mathrm{U}(1))\simeq\mathrm{U}(2)$. This is
accomplished by associating to a spherical function $\Phi$ on $G$ a matrix
valued function $H$ on the complex projective plane $P_2(\mathbb{C})=G/K$. It
is well known that there is a fruitful connection between the hypergeometric
function of Euler and Gauss and the spherical functions of trivial type
associated to a rank one symmetric pair $(G,K)$. But the relation of spherical
functions of types of dimension bigger than one with classical analysis, has
not been worked out even in the case of an example of a rank one pair. The
entries of $H$ are solutions of two systems of ordinary differential equations.
There is no ready made approach to such a pair of systems, or even to a single
system of this kind. In our case the situation is very favorable and the
solution to this pair of systems can be exhibited explicitely in terms of a
special class of generalized hypergeometric functions ${}_{p+1}F_p$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123660 </DOCNO>
Particle Identification by Multifractal Parameters in Gamma-Astronomy


  Cherenkov images of air showers can also be classified using multifractal and
wavelet parameters, as compared to the conventional Hillas image parameters.
This technique was applied to the images recorded by the cameras of the
stereoscopic imaging air Cherenkov-telescopes operated by the HEGRA
collaboration. With respect to the identification of particles, the performance
of multifractal and wavelet parameters was examined using a data sample from
the observation of the active galaxy Mkn 501 that showed a high gamma-ray flux.
The multifractal parameters were also combined with the Hillas parameters using
a neural network approach in order to further improve the
gamma/hadron-separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123910 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Gravitational Radiation from Phase Transitions


  A stochastic background of gravitational radiation from cosmological
processes in the very early Universe is potentially detectable. We review the
gravitational radiation which may arise from cosmological phase transitions,
covering both bubble collisions and turbulence as sources. Prospects for
detecting a direct signal from the electroweak phase transition or other
cosmological sources with a space-based laser interferometer are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126421 </DOCNO>
900-1200A interstellar extinction in the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC


  We have derived far-ultraviolet extinction curves for stars in the Galaxy,
LMC, and SMC, from spectra of pairs of stars observed with the FUSE satellite,
matched in spectral type and with different amounts of reddening. The stars
were observed for other FUSE programs and were not selected for large
reddening. Thus, uncertainties in the derived extinction curves depend on the
photometric data. In the case of strongly reddened stars from the Galaxy, the
strong H2 absorption at the shortest wavelengths is an additional complication.
These initial results indicate that there is a family of extinction curves that
rise strongly to the Lyman limit, and extend the related extinction curves from
longer wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96146 </DOCNO>
A paradox of diffusion market model related with existence of winning


  We consider strategies of investments into options and diffusion market
model. It is shown that there exists a correct proportion between "put" and
"call" in the portfolio such that the average gain is almost always positive
for a generic Black and Scholes model. This gain is zero if and only if the
market price of risk is zero. It is discussed a paradox related to the
corresponding loss of option's seller.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98409 </DOCNO>
A comparison of Vassiliev and Ziegler-Zivaljevic models for homotopy


  In this paper we represent the Vassiliev model for the homotopy type of the
one-point compactification of subspace arrangements as a homotopy colimit of an
appropriate diagram over the nerve complex of the intersection semilattice of
the arrangement. Furthermore, using a generalization of simplicial collapses to
diagrams of topological spaces over simplicial complexes, we construct an
explicit deformation retraction from the Vassiliev model to the
Ziegler-Zivaljevic model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125952 </DOCNO>
New circumstellar magnetic field diagnostics


  In this paper I will discuss new magnetic field diagnostics and
instrumentation for an area of astrophysics where magnetic field observations
have been difficult - circumstellar material. Such diagnostics would be
particularly relevant to star formation and evolution. Stellar photosphere
diagnostics include the Zeeman effect and atomic scattering diagnostics like
the Hanle Effect and atomic alignment. The Zeeman Effect is in general not
sensitive enough for the field strengths expected for circumstellar material,
and it is easily defeated by Doppler broadening in a dynamic envelope. Atomic
scattering diagnostics, pioneered recently for the Sun, are promising, but have
never been applied outside the Sun. For the study of unresolved envelopes, the
Hanle Effect may be applicable particularly in the ultraviolet. A medium
resolution UV spectropolarimeter, for instance, would serve for such studies.
Atomic alignment effects could utilize a ground-based, high signal-to-noise
spectropolarimeter, with profile information from high spectral resolution. I
will briefly mention several instrumentation development efforts in these
directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126108 </DOCNO>
Convective and Rotational Stability of a Dilute Plasma


  The stability of a dilute plasma to local convective and rotational
disturbances is examined. A subthermal magnetic field and finite thermal
conductivity along the field lines are included in the analysis. Stability
criteria similar in form to the classical H{\o}iland inequalities are found,
but with angular velocity gradients replacing angular momentum gradients, and
temperature gradients replacing entropy gradients. These criteria are
indifferent to the properties of the magnetic field and to the magnitude of the
thermal conductivity. Angular velocity gradients and temperature gradients are
both free energy sources; it is not surprising that they are directly relevant
to the stability of the gas. Magnetic fields and thermal conductivity provide
the means by which these sources can be tapped. Previous studies have generally
been based upon the classical H{\o}iland criteria, which are inappropriate for
magnetized, dilute astrophysical plasmas. In sharp contrast to recent claims in
the literature, the new stability criteria demonstrate that marginal flow
stability is not a fundamental property of accreting plasmas thought to be
associated with low luminosity X-ray sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123503 </DOCNO>
Are You Ready to FLY in the Universe ? A Multi-platform N-body Tree Code


  The code we describe (FLY) is a newly written code (using the tree N-body
method), for three-dimensional self-gravitating collisionless systems
evolution. FLY is a fully parallel code based on the tree Barnes-Hut algorithm
and periodical boundary conditions are implemented by means of the Ewald
summation technique. FLY is based on the one-side communication paradigm to
share data among the processors, that access to remote private data avoiding
any kind of synchronism. The code was originally developed on CRAY T3E system
using the logically SHared MEMory access routines (SHMEM) but it runs also on
SGI ORIGIN systems and on IBM SP by using the Low-Level Application Programming
Interface routines (LAPI). This new code reaches good performance in all
systems where it has been well-tested. This performance allows us today to
consider the code FLY among the most powerful parallel codes for tree N-body
simulations. The FLY version 1.1 is freely available on
http://www.ct.astro.it/fly/ and it will be maintained and upgraded with new
releases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129062 </DOCNO>
Cosmological SPH simulations: The entropy equation


  We discuss differences in simulation results that arise between the use of
either the thermal energy or the entropy as an independent variable in smoothed
particle hydrodynamics (SPH). In this context, we derive a new version of SPH
that manifestly conserves both energy and entropy if smoothing lengths are
allowed to adapt freely to the local mass resolution. To test various formu-
lations of SPH, we consider point-like energy injection and find that powerful
explosions are well represented by SPH even when the energy is deposited into a
single particle, provided that the entropy equation is integrated. If the
thermal energy is instead used as an independent variable, unphysical solutions
can be obtained for this problem. We also examine the radiative cooling of gas
spheres that collapse and virialize in isolation and of halos that form in
cosmological simulations of structure formation. When applied to these
problems, the thermal energy version of SPH leads to substantial overcooling in
halos that are resolved with up to a few thousand particles, while the entropy
formulation is biased only moderately low for these halos. For objects resolved
with much larger particle numbers, the two approaches yield consistent results.
We trace the origin of the differences to systematic resolution effects in the
outer parts of cooling flows. The cumulative effect of this overcooling can be
significant. In cosmological simulations of moderate size, we find that the
fraction of baryons which cool and condense can be reduced by up to a factor ~2
if the entropy equation is employed rather than the thermal energy equation. We
also demonstrate that the entropy method leads to a greatly reduced scatter in
the density-temperature relation of the low-density Ly-alpha forest relative to
the thermal energy approach, in accord with theoretical expectations.(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129356 </DOCNO>
Non-circular rotating beams and CMB experiments


  This paper is concerned with small angular scale experiments for the
observation of cosmic microwave background anisotropies. In the absence of
beam, the effects of partial coverage and pixelisation are disentangled and
analyzed (using simulations). Then, appropriate maps involving the CMB signal
plus the synchrotron and dust emissions from the Milky Way are simulated, and
an asymmetric beam --which turns following different strategies-- is used to
smooth the simulated maps. An associated circular beam is defined to estimate
the deviations in the angular power spectrum produced by beam asymmetry without
rotation and, afterwards, the deviations due to beam rotation are calculated.
For a certain large coverage, the deviations due to pure asymmetry and
asymmetry plus rotation appear to be very systematic (very similar in each
simulation). Possible applications of the main results of this paper to data
analysis in large coverage experiments --as PLANCK-- are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179633 </DOCNO>
Anharmonic vibrations in nuclei


  In this letter, we show that the non-linearitites of large amplitude motions
in atomic nuclei induce giant quadrupole and monopole vibrations. As a
consequence, the main source of anharmonicity is the coupling with
configurations including one of these two giant resonances on top of any state.
Two-phonon energies are often lowered by one or two MeV because of the large
matrix elements with such three phonon configurations. These effects are
studied in two nuclei, 40Ca and 208Pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169171 </DOCNO>
Coherent radiation from neutral molecules moving above a grating


  We predict and study the quantum-electrodynamical effect of parametric
self-induced excitation of a molecule moving above the dielectric or conducting
medium with periodic grating. In this case the radiation reaction force
modulates the molecular transition frequency which results in a parametric
instability of dipole oscillations even from the level of quantum or thermal
fluctuations. The present mechanism of instability of electrically neutral
molecules is different from that of the well-known Smith-Purcell and transition
radiation in which a moving charge and its oscillating image create an
oscillating dipole.
 We show that parametrically excited molecular bunches can produce an easily
detectable coherent radiation flux of up to a microwatt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41587 </DOCNO>
Search for R-parity Violating Decays of Supersymmetric Particles in e+e-


  A search, in e^+e^- collisions, for chargino, neutralino, scalar lepton and
scalar quark pair-production is performed, without assuming R-parity
conservation in decays, in the case that only one of the coupling constants
lambda_ijk or lambda''_ijk is non-negligible. No signal is found in data up to
a centre-of-mass energy of 208GeV. Limits on the production cross sections and
on the masses of supersymmetric particles are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98400 </DOCNO>
A very ampleness result


  Let (M,L) be a polarized manifold and let G(M,L) be the graded algebra
generated by H^0(M,iL) in degree i. The aim of this paper is to establish a
connection between the generators of G(M,L) and the very ampleness of the line
bundle rL. Some applications are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128336 </DOCNO>
Cluster cores as observed with Chandra


  We review recent results from Chandra observations of the X-ray bright cores
of clusters of galaxies. We discuss the detection of ``cold fronts'' and their
implication for thermal conduction, the interaction of cooling flow and radio
source in the Perseus cluster and the dynamical state of the central region of
A1795. The radial distribution of metals in A1795 and the azimuthal variation
in metallicity in 4C+55.16 are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40911 </DOCNO>
Pair Production from Vacuum at the Focus of an X-Ray Free Electron Laser


  There are definite plans for the construction of X-ray free electron lasers
(FEL), both at DESY, where the so-called XFEL is part of the design of the
electron-positron linear collider TESLA, as well as at SLAC, where the
so-called Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) has been proposed. Such an X-ray
laser would allow for high-field science applications: One could make use of
not only the high energy and transverse coherence of the X-ray beam, but also
of the possibility of focusing it to a spot with a small radius, hopefully in
the range of the laser wavelength. Along this route one obtains very large
electric fields, much larger than those obtainable with any optical laser of
the same power. In this letter we discuss the possibility of obtaining an
electric field so high that electron-positron pairs are spontaneously produced
in vacuum (Schwinger pair production). We find that if X-ray optics can be
improved to approach the diffraction limit of focusing, and if the power of the
planned X-ray FELs can be increased to the terawatt region, then there is ample
room for an investigation of the Schwinger pair production mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96016 </DOCNO>
Limit theorems for the hierarchy of freeness


  The central limit theorem, the invariance principle and the Poisson limit
theorem for the hierarchy of freeness are studied. We show that for given
natural m the limit laws can be expressed in terms of non-crossing partitions
of depth smaller or equal to m. For the algebra of polynomials in one variable
we solve the associated moment problems and find explicitly the discrete limit
measures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129542 </DOCNO>
UHECR propagation in the Galaxy: clustering versus isotropy


  Recently the AGASA Collaboration presented data suggesting a significant
clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays coming from the outer Galaxy
region. In this paper we calculate expected cosmic ray arrival distributions
for several simple, limiting source location scenarios and investigate the
possibility of clustering and correlation effects. The role of the Galactic
magnetic field is discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75002 </DOCNO>
m_u+m_d From Isovector Pseudoscalar Sum Rules


  We revisit the isovector pseudoscalar sum rule determination of m_u+m_d,
using families of finite energy sum rules known to be very accurately satisfied
in the isovector vector channel. The sum rule constraints are sufficiently
strong to allow a determination of both m_u+m_d and the excited resonance decay
constants. The corresponding Borel transformed sum rules are also very well
satisfied, providing a non-trivial consistency check on the treatment of direct
instanton contributions. We obtain [m_u+m_d](2 GeV)=7.8\pm 1.1 MeV (in the MS
bar scheme), only marginally compatible with the most recent sum rule
determinations, but in good agreement with recent unquenched lattice
extractions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129647 </DOCNO>
Whatever Happened to Hot Dark Matter?


  This article summarizes the possible roles of neutrinos in cosmology, from
the first three minutes onward. The fact that primordial neutrinos are about as
numerous as the photons of the cosmological background radiation means that
neutrino (or ``hot'') dark matter can have a significant impact upon how matter
is distributed in the universe. Over the past two decades, the liklihood of
this has risen and fallen as more and more data has become available from
laboratory experiments and the latest telescopes. Hot dark matter models were
studied in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and there was considerable interest
in cold plus hot dark matter models for a few years in the mid-1990s. We now
know from Super-Kamiokande and Sudbury Neutrino Observatory data that neutrinos
have mass, and that the total neutrino contribution to the cosmological density
must be at least as large as $\Omega_\nu \sim 0.001$, a little less than that
of the visible stars in the universe. But the upper limit on the hot dark
matter cosmological density is $\Omega_\nu < 0.1$; correspondingly, the sum of
the masses of all three active neutrino species is not more than about 5 eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76332 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional QCD in the Coulomb gauge


  In the present paper we discuss various aspects of the 't Hooft model for
two-dimensional QCD in the limit of infinite number of colours in the Coulomb
gauge. The properties of mesonic excitations are addressed, with special
attention paid to the pionic one. The twofold role of the pion is discussed:
being a genuine quark-antiquark state it is also a Goldstone boson of
two-dimensional QCD. In particular, it is demonstrated explicitly how the
soft-pion theorems are satisfied. It is pointed out that the Coulomb-gauge
choice seems to be indispensable in studies of hadronic observables with the
pions involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73801 </DOCNO>
Evolution of transverse momentum dependent distribution and


  We use Lorentz invariance and the QCD equations of motion to study the
evolution of functions that appear at leading order in a 1/Q expansion in
azimuthal asymmetries. This includes the evolution equation of the Collins
fragmentation function. The moments of these functions are matrix elements of
known twist two and twist three operators. We present the evolution in the
large N_c limit, restricting to non-singlet for the chiral-even functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128110 </DOCNO>
Variability in active galactic nuclei: confrontation of models with


  The variability of active galactic nuclei (AGN) has long held the promise of
shedding light on their detailed structure, and possibly other astrophysical
phenonema. Different emission mechanisms lead to different patterns of
variability in flux which are in principle easily distinguishable. Recent
predictions for the expected spectrum of variations for various models are now
in such a form that they can be compared with the observed statistical
properties of AGN light curves from large scale monitoring programmes. In this
paper, we use the results of a long term monitoring programme of a large sample
of quasars and Seyfert galaxies, as well as individual light curves from the
literature, to distinguish between the various model predictions. The results
favour a model based on accretion disc instability over the starburst model
where the variation comes from a succession of supernova bursts, but it also
appears that much of the observed variation in quasars is due to gravitational
microlensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148892 </DOCNO>
The scalars of N=2, D=5 and attractor equations


  Theories in 5 dimensions with minimal supersymmetry are studied for
domain-wall solutions and in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The
scalar manifold is a product of a very special real manifold and a
quaternionic-Kaehler manifold. Superconformal methods can clarify the structure
of these manifolds, which are part of the family of special manifolds. BPS
solutions depending on the scalars and a warp factor of the 5-dimensional
metric with a flat 4-dimensional metric can interpolate between critical points
determined by algebraic attractor equations. The mixing of vector and
hypermultiplets is essential to obtain UV and IR critical points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5816 </DOCNO>
Predicting a Gapless Spin-1 Neutral Collective Mode branch for Graphite


  Using the standard tight binding model of 2d graphite with short range
electron repulsion, we find a gapless spin-1, neutral collective mode branch
{\em below the particle-hole continuum} with energy vanishing linearly with
momenta at the $\Gamma$ and $K$ points in the BZ. This spin-1 mode has a wide
energy dispersion, 0 to $\sim 2 eV$ and is not Landau damped. The `Dirac cone
spectrum' of electrons at the chemical potential of graphite generates our
collective mode; so we call this `spin-1 zero sound' of the `Dirac sea'.
Epithermal neutron scattering experiments, where graphite single crystals are
often used as analyzers (an opportunity for `self-analysis'!), and spin
polarized electron energy loss spectroscopy (SPEELS) can be used to confirm and
study our collective mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97581 </DOCNO>
The canonical solution operator to d-bar restricted to Bergman spaces


  We first show that the canonical solution operator to d-bar restricted to
(0,1)-forms with holomorphic coefficients can be expressed by an integral
operator using the Bergman kernel. This result is used to prove that in the
case of the unit disc in C the canonical solution operator to d-bar restricted
to (0,1)-forms with holomorphic coefficients is a Hilbert-Schmidt operator. In
the sequel we give a direct proof of the last statement using orthonormal bases
and show that in the case of polydisc and the unit ball in C^n, n>1, the
corresponding operator fails to be a Hilbert-Schmidt operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95588 </DOCNO>
On certain representations of automorphism groups of an algebraically


  Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero,
  F its algebraically closed extension, and G be the group of k-automorphisms
of F endowed with a natural topology. One of the purposes of this note is to
show that any non-faithful continuous representation of G factors through a
discrete quotient of G. Properties of representation of G arising from geometry
are studied. In some cases the groups of morphisms between geometric objects
are identified with the groups of morphisms between corresponding G-modules,
and the ${\rm Ext}^1$'s are related. In particular, the category of abelian
varieties over k with morphisms tensored with the rationals can be described as
a category of G-modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6162 </DOCNO>
The Weakly Pushed Nature of "Pulled" Fronts with a Cutoff


  The concept of pulled fronts with a cutoff $\epsilon$ has been introduced to
model the effects of discrete nature of the constituent particles on the
asymptotic front speed in models with continuum variables (Pulled fronts are
the fronts which propagate into an unstable state, and have an asymptotic front
speed equal to the linear spreading speed $v^*$ of small linear perturbations
around the unstable state). In this paper, we demonstrate that the introduction
of a cutoff actually makes such pulled fronts weakly pushed. For the nonlinear
diffusion equation with a cutoff, we show that the longest relaxation times
$\tau_m$ that govern the convergence to the asymptotic front speed and profile,
are given by $\tau_m^{-1} \simeq [(m+1)^2-1] \pi^2 / \ln^2 \epsilon$, for
$m=1,2,...$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3132 </DOCNO>
The Mechanism of High-Tc Superconductivity: "Nonlinear"


  The main purpose of the paper is to present an overview of the current
situation in the development of understanding of the mechanism of high-Tc
superconductivity which arises due to moderately strong, nonlinear
electron-phonon interactions and due to magnetic (spin) fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75249 </DOCNO>
Scattering of Leptons in Hot and Dense Media


  We study the propagation of leptons in hot and dense media and estimate the
background corrections to the purely leptonic processes in the early universe
and in the stellar cores. We show that the first order radiative corrections to
purely leptonic processes in the-real time formalism can be evaluated without
going into the resummation of thermal loops in these media. It is also possible
to express the hot and dense corrections to the leptonic scattering
crossections in terms of the corresponding corrections to the decay rates of
heavy intermediate particles in the real-time formalism up to the one loop
level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123399 </DOCNO>
STIS Echelle Observations of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151: Physical


  We have examined the physical conditions in intrinsic UV-absorbing gas in the
Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151, using echelle spectra obtained with the Space
Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). We confirm the presence of the kinematic
components detected in earlier GHRS observations as well as a new broad
absorption feature at a radial velocity of -1680 km/s. The UV continuum of NGC
4151 decreased by a factor of 4 over the previous two years, and we argue the
changes in the column density of the low ionization absorption lines associated
with the broad component at -490 km/s reflect the decrease in the ionizing
flux. Most of the strong absorption lines (e.g., N V, C IV, Si IV) from this
component are saturated, but show substantial residual flux in their cores,
indicating that the absorber does not fully cover the source of emission. Our
interpretation is that the unocculted light is due to scattering by free
electrons from an extended region, which reflects continuum, emission lines,
and absorption lines. We have been able to constrain the densities for the
kinematic components based on absorption lines from metastable states of C III
and Fe II, and/or the ratios of ground and fine structure lines of O I,C II,
and Si II. We have generated a set of photoionization models which match the
ionic column densities for each component during the present low flux state and
those seen in previous high flux states with the GHRS and STIS, confirming that
the absorbers are photoionized and respond to the changes in the continuum
flux. We have been able to map the relative radial positions of the absorbers,
and find that the gas decreases in density with distance. None of the UV
absorbers is of sufficiently large column density or high enough ionization
state to account for the X-ray absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6309 </DOCNO>
Lattice Model for Approximate Self-Affine Soil Profiles


  A modeling of the soil structure and surface roughness by means of the
concepts of the fractal growth is presented. Two parameters are used to control
the model: the fragmentation dimension, $D_f$, and the maximum mass of the
deposited aggregates, $M_{max}$. The fragmentation dimension is related to the
particle size distribution through the relation $N(r \ge R) \sim R^{D_f}$,
where $N(r \ge R)$ is the accumulative number of particles with radius greater
than $R$. The size of the deposited aggregates are chose following the power
law above, and the morphology of the aggregate is random selected using a bond
percolation algorithm. The deposition rules are the same used in the model of
solid-on-solid deposition with surface relaxation. A comparison of the model
with real data shows that the Hurst exponent, $H$, measured {\it via}
semivariogram method and detrended fluctuation analysis, agrees in statistical
sense with the simulated profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126650 </DOCNO>
Evolution of X-ray Luminous Clusters from z=0.3 to z=0.8


  Observations of the highest redshift clusters provide the longest lever arm
in the attempt to evaluate the evolution of their bulk properties. I present
the most recent results on galaxy cluster evolution based on data from the
ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole survey. At $z>0.3$ there is a deficit of clusters
with respect to the local universe which is significant at $>$ 4.7$\sigma$. The
evolution appears to begin at L$_{0.5-2.0} > 1.8\times10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in
the NEP survey data and goes in the same direction as the original EMSS result.
At lower redshifts there is no evidence for evolution, a result in agreement
with all the existing cluster surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124875 </DOCNO>
Lithium abundances for 185 main-sequence stars - Galactic evolution and


  We present a survey of lithium abundances in 185 main- sequence field stars
with Teff between 5600 and 6600 K and [Fe/H] from -1.4 to +0.2 based on
high-resolution spectra of 130 stars and a reanalysis of data from Lambert et
al. (1991). The survey takes advantage of improved ways of determining
effective temperature, metallicity, mass and age, offering an opportunity to
investigate the behaviour of Li as a function of these parameters. An
interesting result is the presence of a large gap in the Li-Teff plane, which
distinguishes `Hyades-like, Li-dip' stars from other stars. These Li-dip stars
have a well-defined mass, which decreases with metallicity. Stars above the
gap, when divided into four metallicity groups, may show a correlation between
Li abundance and stellar mass, but with a large dispersion that cannot be
explained by observational errors or differences in metallicity and age, which
ranges from 1.5 to 15 Gyr. This suggests that Li depletion occurs early in
stellar life and that other parameters, e.g. initial rotation velocity and/or
the rate of angular momentum loss, affect the degree of depletion. A comparison
of the distribution of stars in the Li-[Fe/H] plane with evolutionary models of
Romano et al. (1999) suggests that novae are a major source for the Li
production in the Galactic disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74853 </DOCNO>
Three-Family Supersymmetric Standard-like Models from Intersecting Brane


  We construct the first three family N=1 supersymmetric string model with
Standard Model gauge group SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y from an orientifold of
type IIA theory on T^6/(Z_2 x Z_2) and D6-branes intersecting at angles. In
addition to the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model particles, the model
contains right-handed neutrinos, a chiral (but anomaly-free) set of exotic
multiplets, and extra vector-like multiplets. We discuss some phenomenological
features of this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40839 </DOCNO>
Search for Spontaneous R-parity violation at sqrt(s) = 183 GeV and 189


  Searches for spontaneous R-parity violating signals at sqrt(s) = 183 GeV and
sqrt(s) = 189 GeV have been performed using the 1997 and 1998 DELPHI data,
under the assumption of R-parity breaking in the third lepton family. The
expected topology for the decay of a pair of charginos into two acoplanar taus
plus missing energy was investigated and no evidence for a signal was found.
The results were used to derive a limit on the chargino mass and to constrain
the allowed domains of the MSSM parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179693 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Equation of State


  Nuclear equation of state plays an important role in the evolution of the
Universe, in supernova explosions and, thus, in the production of heavy
elements, and in stability of neutron stars. The equation constrains the two-
and three-nucleon interactions and the quantum chromodynamics in
nonperturbative regime. Despite the importance of the equation, though, its
features had remained fairly obscure. The talk reviews new results on the
equation of state from measurements of giant nuclear oscillations and from
studies of particle emission in central collisions of heavy nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96517 </DOCNO>
Implications of a New Characterisation of the Distribution of Twin


  We bring to bear an empirical model of the distribution of twin primes and
produce two distinct results. The first is that we can make a quantitative
probabilistic prediction of the occurrence of gaps in the sequence of twins
within the primes. The second is that the ``high jumper'' i.e., the separation
with greatest likelihood (in terms of primes) is always expected to be zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72399 </DOCNO>
Pion Form Factor and Quark Mass Evolution in a Light-Front


  We discuss the soft contribution to the elastic pion form factor with the
mass evolution from current to constituent quark being taken into account using
a light-front Bethe-Salpeter (LFBS) model, which is a light-front quark model
(LFQM) with a running mass. It is shown that partial conservation of the
axial-vector current (PCAC) is satisfied with a running quark mass. We examine
the sensitivity of the pion form factor using two different functional forms of
the quark propagator. The Ball-Chiu ansatz is used to maintain local gauge
invariance of the quark-photon vertex. The extension of our model to the hard
contribution is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5049 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of Magnetism in Stacked Nanographite


  Nanographite systems, where graphene sheets of the orders of the nanometer
size are stacked, show novel magnetic properties, such as, spin-glass like
behaviors, and the change of ESR line widths while gas adsorptions. Recently,
it has been found that magnetic moments decrease with the decrease of the
interlayer distance while water molecules are attached physically. In this
paper, we consider the mechanisms of antiferromagnetism using the Hubbard-type
model...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 24 </DOCNO>
Low temperature properties of core-softened models: water vs. silica


  A core-softened model of a glass forming fluid is numerically studied in the
limit of very low temperatures. The model shows two qualitatively different
behaviors depending on the strength of the attraction between particles. For no
or low attraction, the changes of density as a function of pressure are smooth,
although hysteretic due to mechanical metastabilities. For larger attraction,
sudden changes of density upon compressing and decompressing occur. This global
mechanical instability is correlated to the existence of a thermodynamic
first-order amorphous-amorphous transition. The two different behaviors
obtained correspond qualitatively to the different phenomenology observed in
silica and water.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74421 </DOCNO>
Scaling phenomena from non-linear evolution in high energy DIS


  The numerical solutions of the non-linear evolution equation are shown to
display the ``geometric'' scaling recently discovered in the experimental data.
The phenomena hold both for proton and nucleus targets for all $x$ below
$10^{-2}$ and $0.25 {\rm GeV^{2}}\le Q^2 \le 2.5\times10^3 {\rm GeV^{2}}$. The
scaling is practically exact (few percent error) in the saturation region. In
addition, an approximate scaling is found in the validity domain of the linear
evolution where it holds with about 10% accuracy.
  Basing on the scaling phenomena we determine the saturation scale $Q_s(x)$
and study both its $x$-dependence and the atomic number dependence for the
nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128276 </DOCNO>
Synchrotron emission from anisotropic disordered magnetic fields


  We derive expressions for the total and linearly-polarized synchrotron
emissivity of an element of plasma containing relativistic particles and
disordered magnetic field which has been sheared or compressed along three
independent directions. Our treatment follows that given by Matthews & Scheuer
(1990) in the special case of a power-law electron energy spectrum. We show
that the emissivity integrals depend on a single parameter, making it
straightforward to generate one-dimensional look-up tables. We also demonstrate
that our formulae give identical results to those in the literature in special
cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74428 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium Production at High-Energy Colliders


  The theoretical description of heavy quarkonium production at high-energy
p-pbar and e-p colliders is reviewed. Predictions based on non-relativistic QCD
factorisation are confronted with recent charmonium and bottomonium data from
the Tevatron and HERA. Potential shortcomings of the present theoretical
analyses are discussed, and the prospects for quarkonium physics at the
upgraded Tevatron and HERA colliders and at the LHC are summarised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95682 </DOCNO>
Global well-posedness for Schr\"odinger equations with derivative


  We prove that the 1D Schr\"odinger equation with derivative in the nonlinear
term is globally well-posed in $H^{s}$, for $s>2/3$ for small $L^{2}$ data. The
result follows from an application of the ``I-method''. This method allows to
define a modification of the energy norm $H^{1}$ that is ``almost conserved''
and can be used to perform an iteration argument. We also remark that the same
argument can be used to prove that any quintic nonlinear defocusing
Schr\"odinger equation on the line is globally well-posed for large data in
$H^{s}$, for $s>2/3$ .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98256 </DOCNO>
Orbit spaces of small tori


  Consider an algebraic torus of small dimension acting on an open subset of a
complex vector space, or more generally on a quasiaffine variety such that a
separated orbit space exists. We discuss under which conditions this orbit
space is quasiprojective. One of our counterexamples provides a toric variety
with enough effective invariant Cartier divisors that is not embeddable into a
smooth toric variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 180 </DOCNO>
Mutual Information of Population Codes and Distance Measures in


  We studied the mutual information between a stimulus and a large system
consisting of stochastic, statistically independent elements that respond to a
stimulus. The Mutual Information (MI) of the system saturates exponentially
with system size. A theory of the rate of saturation of the MI is developed. We
show that this rate is controlled by a distance function between the response
probabilities induced by different stimuli. This function, which we term the
{\it Confusion Distance} between two probabilities, is related to the Renyi
$\alpha$-Information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6663 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional Non-Hermitian Delocalization Transition as a Probe for


  When one applies a type of non-Hermitian effect, constant imaginary vector
potential, to disordered systems, delocalization is induced even in two or
lower dimension. By using the non-Hermitian induced transition as a probe, We
propose a new procedure of estimating localization in arbitrary-dimensional
systems. By examining numerically the two-dimensional non-Hermitian
tight-biding model with onsite disorder, it is shown that the failure of
absorbing the non-Hermitian effect, namely the breakdown of the imaginary gauge
transformation, characterize the inverse localization length near the band
center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86912 </DOCNO>
Progress on stochastic background search codes for LIGO


  One of the types of signals for which the LIGO interferometric gravitational
wave detectors will search is a stochastic background of gravitational
radiation. We review the technique of searching for a background using the
optimally-filtered cross-correlation statistic, and describe the state of plans
to perform such cross-correlations between the two LIGO interferometers as well
as between LIGO and other gravitational-wave detectors, in particular the
preparation of software to perform such data analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7300 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in nonequilibrium d-dimensional models with q


  A nonequilibrium Potts-like model with $q$ absorbing states is studied using
Monte Carlo simulations. In two dimensions and $q=3$ the model exhibits a
discontinuous transition. For the three-dimensional case and $q=2$ the model
exhibits a continuous, transition with $\beta=1$ (mean-field). Simulations are
inconclusive, however, in the two-dimensional case for $q=2$. We suggest that
in this case the model is close to or at the crossing point of lines separating
three different types of phase transitions. The proposed phase diagram in the
$(q,d)$ plane is very similar to that of the equilibrium Potts model. In
addition, our simulations confirm field-theory prediction that in two
dimensions a branching-annihilating random walk model without parity
conservation belongs to the directed percolation universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148755 </DOCNO>
Compactification with U(1) magnetic field within Dirac supersymmetry


  We consider Dirac-supersymmetric interactions, which produce CP-conserving
separation of positive and negative energy solutions in the Dirac equation in
order to investigate an alternative to the Kaluza-Klein mechanism. We review
conditions under which separation is possible into free particle and
compactified behaviors in different dimensions, with attention to spin degrees
of freedom. We show a U(1) constant magnetic field produces such kind of
behavior; an explicit treatment is given to the 6-d to 4-d and 4-d to 2-d
breaking cases and the spectrum is obtained. A dynamical mass-creation
mechanism is suggested from the procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97787 </DOCNO>
Stark conjectures for CM curves over number fields


  We present an elliptic curve analog of the Stark conjecture for the value of
the $L$-function at $s=0$. Although implied by the general Beilinson
conjectures, the approach here is very concrete. Several cases are proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5330 </DOCNO>
A study of transverse ply cracking using a discrete element method


  We study the transverse cracking of the 90 degree ply in [0/90] cross-ply
laminates by means of a discrete element method. To model the 90 degree ply a
two-dimensional triangular lattice of springs is constructed where nodes of the
lattice model fibers, and springs with random breaking thresholds represent the
disordered matrix material in between. The spring-lattice is coupled by
interface springs to two rigid bars which represent the two 0 degree plies in
the model, which could be sublaminate as well. Molecular dynamics simulation is
used to follow the time evolution of the model system. It was found that under
gradual loading of the specimen, after some distributed cracking, segmentation
cracks occur in the 90 degree ply which then develop into a saturated state
where the ply cannot support additional load. The stress distribution between
two neighboring segmentation cracks was determined, furthermore, the dependence
of the microstructure of damage on the ply's thickness was also studied. To
give a quantitative characterization of stiffness degradation, the Young
modulus of the system is monitored as a function of the density of segmentation
cracks. The results of the simulations are in satisfactory agreement with
experimental findings and with the results of analytic calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127215 </DOCNO>
Correlated msec X-ray and optical emission from XTE J1118+480


  We report on fast (msec) simultaneous observations in X-rays and optical
light of the black hole candidate XTE J1118+480, showing correlation on time
scales from 20msec to several seconds. The shape of the correlation is not
easily explained with existing models. We suggest that is is caused by optical
cyclosynchrotron emission in a dense, relatively slow outflow from the inner
regions of the accretion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87023 </DOCNO>
A Century of Gravity: 1901--2000 (plus some 2001)


  This lecture consists of two parts. The first is a (totally unsystematic)
survey of some of the high points in the evolution of gravity and its
successors, primarily in the course of the past century. The second summarizes
some new work on surprising properties of higher $(> 1)$ spin fields in
cosmological backgrounds: the presence of $\L$ gives rise to discrete sets of
massive models endowed with gauge invariances, that divide the ($m^2, \L$)
plane into unitary and non-unitary phases. The unitary region common to
fermions and bosons shrinks to flat space ($ \L \to 0 $) as their spins
increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2537 </DOCNO>
Scaling behavior in wave localization


  Wave localization is a ubiquitous phenomenon. It refers to situations that
transmitted waves in scattering media are trapped in space and remain confined
in the vicinity of the initial site until dissipated. Based on a scaling
analysis, the localization behavior in two and three dimensions is studied. It
is shown that the localization transition is possible in two dimensional
systems, supporting the recent numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4383 </DOCNO>
Precursors of catastrophe in the BTW, Manna and random fiber bundle


  We have studied precursors of the global failure in some self-organised
critical models of sand-pile (in BTW and Manna models) and in the random fiber
bundle model (RFB). In both BTW and Manna model, as one adds a small but fixed
number of sand grains (heights) to any central site of the stable pile, the
local dynamics starts and continues for an average relaxation time (\tau) and
an average number of topplings (\Delta) spread over a radial distance (\xi). We
find that these quantities all depend on the average height (h_{av}) of the
pile and they all diverge as (h_{av}) approaches the critical height (h_{c})
from below: (\Delta) (\sim (h_{c}-h_{av}))(^{-\delta}), (\tau \sim
(h_{c}-h_{av})^{-\gamma}) and (\xi) (\sim) ((h_{c}-h_{av})^{-\nu}). Numerically
we find (\delta \simeq 2.0), (\gamma \simeq 1.2) and (\nu \simeq 1.0) for both
BTW and Manna model in two dimensions. In the strained RFB model we find that
the breakdown susceptibility (\chi) (giving the differential increment of the
number of broken fibers due to increase in external load) and the relaxation
time (\tau), both diverge as the applied load or stress (\sigma) approaches the
network failure threshold (\sigma_{c}) from below: (\chi) (\sim) ((\sigma_{c})
(-)(\sigma)^{-1/2}) and (\tau) (\sim) ((\sigma_{c}) (-)(\sigma)^{-1/2}). These
self-organised dynamical models of failure therefore show some definite
precursors with robust power laws long before the failure point. Such
well-characterised precursors should help predicting the global failure point
of the systems in advance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126332 </DOCNO>
Collisional Evolution of Galaxy Clusters and the Growth of Common Halos


  We investigated the dynamical evolution of clusters of galaxies in virial
equilibrium using Fokker-Planck models and self-consistent N-body models. In
particular, we focused on the growth of a common halo, which is a cluster-wide
halo formed by matter stripped from galaxies, and the development of a central
density cusp. The Fokker-Planck models include the effects of two-body
gravitational encounters both between galaxies and between galaxies and common
halo particles. The effects of tidal mass stripping from the galaxies due to
close galaxy-galaxy encounters and accompanying dissipation of the orbital
kinetic energies of the galaxies were also taken into account in the
Fokker-Planck models. We find that the results of the Fokker-Planck models are
in excellent agreement with those of the N-body models regarding the growth of
the common halo mass and the evolution of the cluster density profiles. In the
central region of the cluster, a shallow density cusp, approximated by $\rho
(r) \propto r^{-\alpha}$ ($\alpha \sim$ 1), develops. This shallow cusp results
from the combined effects of two-body relaxation and tidal stripping. The cusp
steepness, $\alpha$, weakly depends on the relative importance of the tidal
stripping. When the effect of stripping is important, the central velocity
dispersion decreases as the central density increases and, consequently, a
shallow ($\alpha <2$) cusp is formed. In the limit of no stripping, usual
gravothermal core collapse occurs, i.e. the central velocity dispersion
increases as the central density increases with a steep ($\alpha >2$) cusp
left. We conclude from our consideration of the origin of the cusp demonstrated
here that shallow cusps should develop in real galaxy clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98970 </DOCNO>
On the determination of the relations between the matrix elements of


  In this article it is explicitly shown that the matrix elements of CP$_q(n)$
are the annihilation operator of Pusz-Woronowicz (P-W) oscillators provided
they are rescaled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5756 </DOCNO>
Elementary constraints on autocorrelation function scalings


  Elementary algebraic constraints on the form of an autocorrelation function
C(tw+t,tw)=<A(tw+t)A(tw)> rule out some two-time scalings found in the
literature as possible long-time asymptotic forms. The same argument leads to
the realization that two usual definitions of {\em many-time scale} relaxation
for aging systems are not equivalent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7454 </DOCNO>
The pattern of the charge ordering in quasi-one- and two-dimensional


  We examine critically two different recently proposed models of charge
ordering in the nominally 1/4-filled organic charge transfer solids (CTS). In
one dimension, the two models are characterized by site charge densities of the
form ...1010... and ...1100..., respectively. We establish the following
theoretical results: 1) there exists a critical nearest-neighbor Coulomb
interaction (V_c > 2|t|) only above which does the ...1010... state become the
ground state; 2) Hartree-Fock mean field theory predicts V_c incorrectly; 3)
accurate quantum Monte Carlo calculations indicate that V_c increases with
decreasing U; 4) for sufficiently strong e-ph interactions, the ...1010...
state can undergo a spin-Peierls (SP) transition; 5) for V < V_c, in the
presence of e-ph interactions, the ...1100... CO state is the ground state and
also undergoes a SP transition. We show that experimental observations clearly
indicate the ...1100... CO in the 1:2 anionic CTS and the (TMTSF)_2X class of
materials, while the results for (TMTTF)_2X with narrower one-electron
bandwidths are more ambiguous. In two dimensions, we focus on the
theta-(BEDT-TTF)_2X materials, and establish that the CO pattern there
corresponds to the so-called horizontal stripe structure, with ...1100... CO
along the two directions with larger electron hopping. We give precise
explanations of the observed spontaneous bond distortions in the c-direction of
theta-(BEDT-TTF)_2X at the metal-insulator transition and also show that the
appearance of the spin gap at lower temperatures is a true two-dimensional
effect different from the usual SP transition. Superconductivity in the charge
transfer solids appears to be limited to the class of materials which exhibits
the ...1100... CO in the insulating phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6287 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic fluctuations in superconducting dots at finite temperatures


  We study the thermodynamics of ultrasmall metallic grains with the mean level
spacing comparable or larger than the pairing correlation energy in the whole
range of temperatures. A complete picture of the thermodynamics in such systems
is given taking into account the effects of disorder, parity and classical and
quantum fluctuations. Both spin susceptibility and specific heat turn out to be
sensitive probes to detect superconducting correlations in such samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75841 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical analysis of hadronic spectra in the 130 GeV/nucleon Au+Au


  We study one-particle spectra and a two-particle correlation function in the
 130 GeV/nucleon Au+Au collisions at RHIC by making use of a hydrodynamical
model. We calculate the one-particle hadronic spectra and present the first
analysis of Bose-Einstein correlation functions based on the numerical solution
of the hydrodynamical equations which takes both longitudinal and transverse
expansion into account appropriately. The hydrodynamical model provides
excellent agreement with the experimental data in the pseudorapidity and the
transverse momentum spectra of charged hadrons, the rapidity dependence of
anti-proton to proton ratio, and almost consistent result for the pion
Bose-Einstein correlation functions. Our numerical solution with simple
freeze-out picture suggests the formation of the quark-gluon plasma with large
volume and low net-baryon density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113465 </DOCNO>
Predecessors of preprint servers


  Although there was an early experiment in the 1960s with the central
distribution of paper preprints in the biomedical sciences, these sciences have
not been early adopters of electronic preprint servers. Some barriers to the
development of a 'preprint culture' in the biomedical sciences are described.
Multiple factors that, from the 1960s, fostered the transition from a
paper-based preprint culture in high energy physics to an electronic one are
also described. A new revolution in scientific publishing, in which journals
come to be regarded as an overlay on electronic preprint databases, will
probably overtake some areas of research much more quickly than others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5680 </DOCNO>
Cluster Percolation and Explicit Symmetry Breaking in Spin Models


  Many features of spin models can be interpreted in geometrical terms by means
of the properties of well defined clusters of spins. In case of spontaneous
symmetry breaking, the phase transition of models like the q-state Potts model,
O(n), etc., can be equivalently described as a percolation transition of
clusters. We study here the behaviour of such clusters when the presence of an
external field H breaks explicitly the global symmetry of the Hamiltonian of
the theory. We find that these clusters have still some interesting
relationships with thermal features of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98668 </DOCNO>
Multidimensional Ehrhart Reciprocity


  In a previous paper (El. J. Combin. 6 (1999), R37), the author generalized
Ehrhart's idea of counting lattice points in dilated rational polytopes: Given
a rational polytope, that is, a polytope with rational vertices, we use its
description as the intersection of halfspaces, which determine the facets of
the polytope. Instead of just a single dilation factor, we allow different
dilation factors for each of these facets. We proved that, if our polytope is a
simplex, the lattice point counts in the interior and closure of such a
vector-dilated simplex are quasipolynomials satisfying an Ehrhart-type
reciprocity law. This generalizes the classical reciprocity law for rational
polytopes. In the present paper we complete the picture by extending this
result to general rational polytopes. As a corollary, we also generalize a
reciprocity theorem of Stanley.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83862 </DOCNO>
Higher-Order Pattern Complement and the Strict Lambda-Calculus


  We address the problem of complementing higher-order patterns without
repetitions of existential variables. Differently from the first-order case,
the complement of a pattern cannot, in general, be described by a pattern, or
even by a finite set of patterns. We therefore generalize the simply-typed
lambda-calculus to include an internal notion of strict function so that we can
directly express that a term must depend on a given variable. We show that, in
this more expressive calculus, finite sets of patterns without repeated
variables are closed under complement and intersection. Our principal
application is the transformational approach to negation in higher-order logic
programs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123501 </DOCNO>
High time-resolution observations of the Vela pulsar


  We present high time resolution observations of single pulses from the Vela
pulsar (PSR B0833-45) made with a baseband recording system at observing
frequencies of 660 and 1413 MHz. We have discovered two startling features in
the 1413 MHz single pulse data. The first is the presence of giant micro-pulses
which are confined to the leading edge of the pulse profile. One of these
pulses has a peak flux density in excess of 2500 Jy, more than 40 times the
integrated pulse peak. The second new result is the presence of a large
amplitude gaussian component on the trailing edge of the pulse profile. This
component can exceed the main pulse in intensity but is switched on only
relatively rarely. Fluctutation spectra reveal a possible periodicity in this
feature of 140 pulse periods. Unlike the rest of the profile, this component
has low net polarization and emits predominantly in the orthogonal mode. This
feature appears to be unique to the Vela pulsar. We have also detected
microstructure in the Vela pulsar for the first time. These same features are
present in the 660 MHz data. We suggest that the full width of the Vela pulse
profile might be as large as 10 ms but that the conal edges emit only rarely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76574 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity Fluctuations and Bose-Einstein Correlations in DIS at HERA


  Results of the recent studies of the multiplicity fluctuations and
Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) at large
Q$^2$ are reviewed. The measurements were done with the ZEUS detetor at HERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149289 </DOCNO>
Instantons and BPS Wilson loops


  The one-instanton contribution to a circular BPS Wilson loop in N=4 SU(2)
Yang--Mills theory is evaluated in semiclassical approximation. This article
amplifies part of a talk given by MBG at the Strings 2001 conference, Mumbai,
India (January 5-10, 2001). The results are preliminary and a more complete
exposition will be contained in a forthcoming paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1807 </DOCNO>
Superconductor-Insulator Transition in Random Two-Dimensional System


  Effect of disorder in metallic thin film is examined as a possible mechanism
of the Superconductor-Insulator (S-I) transition. The critical value of
disorder corresponding to the transition point is found analytically by using
Matsubara-Matsuda model and Green's function method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113594 </DOCNO>
The Inverse Energy Cascade of Two-Dimensional Turbulence


  This thesis presents an experimental study of the inverse energy cascade as
it occurs in an electromagnetically forced soap film. It focuses on
characterizing important features of the inverse cascade such as it's range,
how energy is distributed over the range and how energy flows through the
range. The thesis also probes the assumption of scale invariance that is
associated with the existence of an inverse cascade. These investigations
demonstrate that the extent of the inverse cascade range and the behavior of
the energy distribution are in agreement with dimensional predictions. The
energy flow in the inverse cascade range is shown to be well described by exact
mathematical predictions obtained from the Navier-Stokes equation. At no time
does the energy flow in the inverse cascade range produced by the e-m cell
behave inertially or in a scale invariant manner. Evidence that the cascade
could become scale invariant should an inertial range develop is presented, as
are the requirements that a system must satisfy to create such an inertial
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125510 </DOCNO>
Non-LTE Models and Theoretical Spectra of Accretion Disks in Active


  We extend our models of the vertical structure and emergent radiation field
of accretion disks around supermassive black holes described in previous papers
of this series. Our models now include both a self-consistent treatment of
Compton scattering and the effects of continuum opacities of the most important
metal species (C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, Ni). With these new effects
incorporated, we compute the predicted spectrum from black holes accreting at
nearly the Eddington luminosity (L/L_Edd = 0.3) and central masses of 10^6,
10^7, and 10^8 M_sun. We also consider two values of the Shakura-Sunyaev alpha
parameter, 0.1 and 0.01. Although it has little effect when M > 10^8 M_sun,
Comptonization grows in importance as the central mass decreases and the
central temperature rises. It generally produces an increase in temperature
with height in the uppermost layers of hot atmospheres. Compared to models with
coherent electron scattering, Comptonized models have enhanced EUV/soft X-ray
emission, but they also have a more sharply declining spectrum at very high
frequencies. Comptonization also smears the hydrogen and the He II Lyman edges.
The effects of metals on the overall spectral energy distribution are smaller
than the effects of Comptonization for these parameters. Compared to pure
hydrogen-helium models, models with metal continuum opacities have reduced flux
in the high frequency tail, except at the highest frequencies, where the flux
is very low. Metal photoionization edges are not present in the overall
disk-integrated model spectra. In addition to our new grid of models, we also
present a simple analytic prescription for the vertical temperature structure
of the disk in the presence of Comptonization, and show under what conditions a
hot outer layer (a corona) is formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6384 </DOCNO>
Stationary and Oscillatory Spatial Patterns Induced by Global Periodic


  We propose a new mechanism for pattern formation based on the global
alternation of two dynamics neither of which exhibits patterns. When driven by
either one of the separate dynamics, the system goes to a spatially homogeneous
state associated with that dynamics. However, when the two dynamics are
globally alternated sufficiently rapidly, the system exhibits stationary
spatial patterns. Somewhat slower switching leads to oscillatory patterns. We
support our findings by numerical simulations and discuss the results in terms
of the symmetries of the system and the ratio of two relevant characteristic
times, the switching period and the relaxation time to a homogeneous state in
each separate dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75697 </DOCNO>
Verifiable Origin of Neutrino Mass at TeV Scale


  The physics responsible for neutrino mass may reside at or below the TeV
energy scale. The neutrino mass matrix in the $(\nu_e, \nu_\mu, \nu_\tau)$
basis may then be deduced from future high-energy accelerator experiments. The
newly observed excess in the muon anomalous magnetic moment may also be
related.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149835 </DOCNO>
Neutrino mass from torsion coupled to fermion in large extra dimension


  In this paper we investigate whether torsion can generate neutrino mass. We
consider an Einstein-Dirac-Cartan lagrangian in 4 dimensional spacetime with
torsion generated by the Kalb-Ramond antisymmetric field in presence of a bulk
fermion in five dimensions.We show that such a coupling can generate a mass
term for the neutrino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3714 </DOCNO>
The influence of the boundary resistivity on the proximity effect


  We apply the theory of Takahashi and Tachiki in order to explain
theoretically the dependence of the upper critical magnetic field of a S/N
multilayer on the temperature. This problem has been already investigated in
the literature, but with a use of an unphysical scaling parameter for the
coherence length. We show explicitely that, in order to describe the data, such
an unphysical parameter is unnecessary if one takes into account the boundary
resisitivity of the S/N interface. We obtain a very good agreement with the
experiments for the multilayer systems Nb/Cu and V/Ag, with various layer
thicknesses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 589 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect in non-equilibrium - Theory of energy relaxation induced by


  In diffusive Cu and Au quantum wires at finite transport voltage $U$ the
non-equilibrium distribution function $f(E,U)$ exhibits scaling behavior,
$f(E,U)=f(E/eU)$, indicating anomalous energy relaxation processes in these
wires. We show that in nonequilibrium the Kondo effect, generated either by
magnetic impurities (single-channel Kondo effect) or possibly by non-magnetic,
degenerate two-level systems (two-channel Kondo effect), produces such scaling
behavior as a consequence of a Korringa-like (pseudo)spin relaxation rate
$\propto U$ and of damped powerlaw behavior of the impurity spectral density as
a remnant of the Kondo strong coupling regime at low temperature but high bias.
The theoretical, scaled distribution functions coincide quantitatively with the
experimental results, the impurity concentration being the only adjustable
parameter. This provides strong evidence for the presence of Kondo defects,
either single- or two-channel, in the experimental systems. The relevance of
these results for the problem of dephasing in mesoscopic wires is discussed
briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114304 </DOCNO>
Temperature Isotropization in Solar Flare Plasmas due to the Electron


  The isotropization process of a collisionless plasma with an electron
temperature anisotropy along an external magnetic field ($T_\| ^e\gg
T_\perp^e$, $\|$ and $\perp$ with respect to the background magnetic field) and
isotropic protons is investigated using a particle-in-cell(PIC) code.
Restricting wave growth mainly parallel to the external magnetic field, the
isotropization mechanism is identified to be the Electron Firehose Instability
(EFI). The free energy in the electrons is first transformed into left-hand
circularly polarized transverse low-frequency waves by a non-resonant
interaction. Fast electrons can then be scattered towards higher perpendicular
velocities by gyroresonance, leading finally to a complete isotropization of
the velocity distribution. During this phase of the instability, Langmuir waves
are generated which may lead to the emission of radio waves. A large fraction
of the protons is resonant with the left-hand polarized electromagnetic waves,
creating a proton temperature anisotropy $T_\|^p < T_\perp^p$. The parameters
of the simulated plasma are chosen compatible to solar flare conditions. The
results indicate the significance of this mechanism in the particle
acceleration context: The EFI limits the anisotropy of the electron velocity
distribution, and thus provides the necessary condition for further
acceleration. It enhances the pitch-angle of the electrons and heats the ions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73186 </DOCNO>
Natural Double Inflation in Supergravity


  We propose a natural double inflation model in supergravity. In this model,
chaotic inflation first takes place by virtue of the Nambu-Goldstone-like shift
symmetry, which guarantees the absence of the exponential factor in the
potential for the inflaton field. During chaotic inflation, an initial value of
the second inflation (new inflation) is set. In this model, the initial value
of new inflation can be adequately far from the local maximum of the potential
for new inflation due to the small linear term of the inflaton in the K\"ahler
potential. Therefore, the primordial fluctuations within the present horizon
scale may be attributed to both inflations; that is, the first chaotic
inflation produces the primordial fluctuations on the large cosmological scales
while the second new inflation on the smaller scales. The successive decay of
the inflaton for new inflation leads to a reheating temperature low enough to
avoid the overproduction of gravitinos in a wide range of the gravitino mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86442 </DOCNO>
Charged null fluid collapse in anti-de Sitter spacetimes and naked


  We investigate the occurrence of naked singularities in the spherically
symmetric, plane symmetric and cylindrically symmetric collapse of charged null
fluid in an anti-de Sitter background. The naked singularities are found to be
strong in Tipler's sense and thus violate the cosmic censorship conjecture, but
not hoop conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83894 </DOCNO>
Universal Service in times of Reform: Affordability and accessibility of


  By surveying the universal service policies in six Latin American countries,
this study explores the evolution of the concept during the rollout of the
telecommunication reform in the last decade. Country profiles and a set of
universal service indicators provide a frame for discussing issues of
accessibility and affordability of telephone service in the region. This study
found that the reconfiguration of national networks fostered by liberalization
policies offered risks and opportunities to achieve universal service goals.
The diversification of access points and services enhanced users choices but
price rebalancing and lack of Universal Service Obligations (USO) to target
groups with special needs depressed the demand and threatened to exclude
significant parts of the population. The situation requires the reformulation
of USO incorporating all technological solutions existing in the market, and
factors from the consumer-demand accounting for the urban-rural continuum, and
different social and economic strata. This study identifies the emergence of a
second generation of USO targeting some of these needs. However, more
competition and special tariff plans for the poor need to be incorporated to
the options available in the market.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123765 </DOCNO>
Spectral Modeling of GRB Pulses


  The energy spectra of pulses of GRBs are modeled for synchrotron and multiple
self-inverse Compton scatterings from a population of thermal and non-thermal
$e^-$s. The contribution from pairs that result from annihilation is also taken
into account. A high particle density (enhanced by the pairs) will increase
absorption but, if the pairs are not accelerated, the absorption frequency
cannot lie in the BATSE window. Pairs will contribute in upscattering and will
most likely increase the population of cold particles that will downscatter
hard photons and thus suppress hard (e.g., above 300 keV) emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179550 </DOCNO>
Few-Nucleon Calculations and Correlations


  Some present day results for few-nucleon bound state, two-nucleon correlation
functions and scattering observables are briefly reviewed. The old idea of the
Coulomb sum rule as a way to extract the pp correlation function is
reconsidered. It appears to be an ideal case to probe properties of the density
operator and the ground state wave functions without disturbances of final
state interactions (FSI) in exclusive electron scattering on 3He. Also
exclusive photodisintegration of 3He is regarded which appears to be promising
to identify 3N force effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129673 </DOCNO>
Radio Galaxies at z = 1.1 to 3.8: Adaptive-Optics Imaging and Archival


  We have undertaken a program of high-resolution imaging of high-redshift
radio galaxies (HzRGs) using adaptive optics on the Canada-France-Hawaii
Telescope. We report on deep imaging in J, H,and K bands of 6 HzRGs in the
redshift range 1.1 to 3.8. At these redshifts, near-infrared bandpasses sample
the rest-frame visible galaxian light. The radio galaxy is resolved in all the
fields and is generally elongated along the axis of the radio lobes. These
images are compared to archival Hubble Space Telescope Wide-Field Planetary
Camera 2 optical observations of the same fields and show the HzRG morphology
in rest-frame ultraviolet and visible light is generally very similar: a string
of bright compact knots. Furthermore, this sample - although very small -
suggests the colors of the knots are consistent with light from young stellar
populations. If true, a plausible explanation is that these objects are being
assembled by mergers at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150043 </DOCNO>
Kappa-symmetric higher derivative terms in brane actions


  Using the superembedding formalism we construct supermembrane actions with
higher derivative terms which can be viewed as possible higher order terms in
effective actions. In particular, we provide the first example of an action for
an extended supersymmetric object with fully $\kappa$-symmetric extrinsic
curvature terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95618 </DOCNO>
Bicomplex algebra and function theory


  This treatise investigates holomorphic functions defined on the space of
bicomplex numbers introduced by Segre. The theory of these functions is
associated with Fueter's theory of regular, quaternionic functions. The
algebras of quaternions and bicomplex numbers are developed by making use of
so-called complex pairs. Special attention is paid to singular bicomplex
numbers that lack an inverse. The elementary bicomplex functions are defined
and their properties studied. The derivative of a bicomplex function is defined
as the limit of a fraction with nonsingular denominator. The existence of the
derivative amounts to the validity of the complexified Cauchy-Riemann
equations, which characterize the holomorphic bicomplex functions. It is proved
that such a function has derivatives of all orders. The bicomplex integral is
defined as a line integral. The condition for path independence and the
bicomplex generalizations of Cauchy's theorem and integral formula are given.
Finally, the relationship between the bicomplex functions and different forms
of the Laplace equation is considered. In particular, the four-dimensional
Laplace equation is factorized using quaternionic differential operators. The
outcome is new classes of bicomplex functions including Fueter's regular
functions. It is shown that each class contains differentiable functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114371 </DOCNO>
Model Driven Ramp Control at RHIC


  At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), magnets are ramped from
injection energy to storage energy in several min utes where it is to remain
for several hours. The path up the ramp is marked by 'StepStones' where the the
optics of the ma chine, which can change dramatically when we perform a
beta*-squeeze, is given in units like Quadrupole focusing strengt h or
Corrector-Dipole angle. The machine is tuned at these Stepstones, and at
Injection or Storage, by specifying physic s properties like Tunes and
Chromaticities. An on-line model server handles conversion to magnet strengths,
and predicts the optics along the whole ramp.
  We will describe the underlying principles, the client-server environment,
including on-line model servers, Ramp Manager and Editor, and present
operational experience with the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 583 </DOCNO>
Probing impulsive strain propagation with x-ray pulses


  Pump-probe time-resolved x-ray diffraction of allowed and nearly forbidden
reflections in InSb is used to follow the propagation of a coherent acoustic
pulse generated by ultrafast laser-excitation. The surface and bulk components
of the strain could be simultaneously measured due to the large x-ray
penetration depth. Comparison of the experimental data with dynamical
diffraction simulations suggests that the conventional model for impulsively
generated strain underestimates the partitioning of energy into coherent modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81488 </DOCNO>
Matching Current Correlators in Lattice QCD to Chiral Perturbation


  Chiral perturbation theory gives direct and unambiguous predictions for the
form of various two-point hadronic correlators at low momentum in terms of a
finite set of couplings in a chiral Lagrangian. In this paper we study the
feasibility of extracting the couplings in the chiral Lagrangian (through
1-loop order) by fitting two-point correlators computed in lattice QCD to the
predicted chiral form. The correlators are computed using a pseudofermion
technique yielding all-point quark propagators which allows the computation of
the full four-momentum transform of the two-point functions to be obtained
without sacrificing any of the physical content of the unquenched gauge
configurations used. Results are given for an ensemble of dynamical
configurations generated using the truncated determinant algorithm on a large
coarse lattice. We also present a new analysis of finite volume effects based
on a finite volume dimensional regularization scheme which preserves the
power-counting rules appropriate for a chiral Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3329 </DOCNO>
Charge fluctuation induced dephasing in a gated mesoscopic


  The reduction of the amplitude of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in a ballistic
one-channel mesoscopic interferometer due to charge fluctuations is
investigated. In the arrangement considered the interferometer has four
terminals and is coupled to macroscopic metallic side-gates. The Aharonov-Bohm
oscillation amplitude is calculated as a function of temperature and the
strength of coupling between the ring and the side-gates. The resulting
dephasing rate is linear in temperature in agreement with recent experiments.
Our derivation emphasizes the relationship between dephasing, ac-transport and
charge fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123494 </DOCNO>
Neutron Stars as Sources of High Energy Particles - the case of RPP


  Highly magnetised rapidly spinning neutron stars are widely considered to be
natural sites for acceleration of charged particles. Powerful acceleration
mechanism due to unipolar induction is thought to operate in the magnetospheres
of isolated neutron stars, bringing the particles to ultrarelativistic energies
at the expense of the neutron star rotational energy, with inevitable emission
of high energy photons. The aim of this review is to present basic ingredients
of modern models of magnetospheric activity of rotation powered pulsars in the
context of high-energy radiation from these objects. Several aspects of pulsar
activity are addressed and related to spectacular results of pulsar
observations with two major satellite missions of the past - CGRO and ROSAT. It
is then argued that high sensitivity experiments of the future - GLAST, VERITAS
and MAGIC - will be vital for a progress in our understanding of pulsar
magnetospheric processes. In a conservative approach rotation powered pulsars
are not expected to be the sources of UHE Cosmic Rays. However, several
scenarios have been proposed recently to explain the UHECR events above the GZK
limit with the help of acceleration processes in the immediate surrounding of
newly born pulsars. Major features of these scenarios are reviewed along with
references to contemporary models of magnetospheric activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40980 </DOCNO>
Evidence for the flavor singlet axial anomaly related effects in $\phi$


  The gluonic contributions to the conventional PCAC formulas due to flavor
singlet axial anomaly have been instrumental in explaining the mass of the
$\eta^{\prime}$ and providing a plausible explanation for solving the spin
crisis. We show that they also play an important role in the description of
photo- and electroproduction of vector mesons at low energy and high momentum
transfers. We calculate the contributions of this type to $\phi$ meson
electromagnetic production in a model, which contains also a soft pomeron, and
find agreement with recent CLAS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4870 </DOCNO>
Extended state floating up in a lattice model: Bona fide levitation


  The evolution of extended states with magnetic field and disorder intensities
is investigated for 2D lattice models. The floating-up picture is revealed when
the shift of the extended state, relative to the density of states, is properly
taken into account, either for white-noise or correlated disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127027 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of Nearby Spiral Galaxies


  Chandra is revolutionising our understanding of the X-ray emission from
spiral galaxies. Before Chandra, detailed extragalactic studies were limited to
Local Group galaxies. We are now able to obtain detailed inventories of sources
in galaxies outside the Local Group, allowing population studies for the first
time. In this review I will first discuss some intriguing observations of
globular cluster sources in M31, then move outside the Local Group and
summarise the observational properties of sources in several spiral galaxies
(both bulge dominated and disk dominated). The X-ray colors and variability
characteristics suggest that most of these sources are accreting binaries. High
mass X-ray binaries are formed preferentially in disk galaxies. Finally, I show
that the luminosity functions of spiral galaxies can be qualitatively
understood in terms of simple population models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124602 </DOCNO>
Contribution of nuclei accelerated by gamma-ray pulsars to cosmic rays


  We consider the galactic population of gamma-ray pulsars as possible sources
of cosmic rays at and just above the ``knee'' in the observed cosmic ray
spectrum at $10^{15}$--$10^{16}$ eV. We suggest that iron nuclei may be
accelerated in the outer gaps of pulsars, and then suffer partial
photo-disintegration in the non-thermal radiation fields of the outer gaps. As
a result, protons, neutrons, and surviving heavier nuclei are injected into the
expanding supernova remnant. We compute the spectra of nuclei escaping from
supernova remnants into the interstellar medium, taking into account the
observed population of radio pulsars.
  Our calculations, which include a realistic model for acceleration and
propagation of nuclei in pulsar magnetospheres and supernova remnants, predict
that heavy nuclei accelerated directly by gamma-ray pulsars could contribute
about 20% of the observed cosmic rays in the knee region. Such a contribution
of heavy nuclei to the cosmic ray spectrum at the knee can significantly
increase the average value of $<\ln A>$ with increasing energy as is suggested
by recent observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1220 </DOCNO>
Estimating long range dependence: finite sample properties and


  A major issue in financial economics is the behavior of asset returns over
long horizons. Various estimators of long range dependence have been proposed.
Even though some have known asymptotic properties, it is important to test
their accuracy by using simulated series of different lengths. We test R/S
analysis, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and periodogram regression methods on
samples drawn from Gaussian white noise. The DFA statistics turns out to be the
unanimous winner. Unfortunately, no asymptotic distribution theory has been
derived for this statistics so far. We were able, however, to construct
empirical (i.e. approximate) confidence intervals for all three methods. The
obtained values differ largely from heuristic values proposed by some authors
for the R/S statistics and are very close to asymptotic values for the
periodogram regression method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2531 </DOCNO>
Three Band Model for Superconductivity in Sr2RuO4


  We analyse the pairing symmetry of the order parameter in superconducting
Sr2RuO4. Basing on a realistic three dimensional 3 band energy spectrum we have
introduced effective attractive ellectron-electron interactions and found a
solution which has line nodes in the gap in alpha and beta bands but not in
gamma band. This state breaks time reversal symmetry and leads to the proper
temperature dependence of the specific heat, in-plane penetration depth and
thermal conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4585 </DOCNO>
Nonstandard mixing in the standard map


  The standard map is a paradigmatic one-parameter (noted $a$) two-dimensional
conservative map which displays both chaotic and regular regions. This map
becomes integrable for $a=0$. For $a \ne 0$ it can be numerically shown that
the usual, Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy $S_1(t)=-\sum_{i} p_i(t)\ln{p_i(t)}$
exhibits a {\it linear} time evolution whose slope hopefully converges, for
very fine graining, to the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy. However, for increasingly
small values of $a$, an increasingly large time interval emerges, {\it before}
that stage, for which {\it linearity} with $t$ is obtained only for the
generalized nonextensive entropic form
$S_q(t)=\frac{1-\sum_{i}[p_i(t)]^{q}}{q-1}$ with $q = q^*\simeq 0.3$. This
anomalous regime corresponds in some sense to a power-law (instead of
exponential) mixing. This scenario might explain why in isolated classical
long-range $N$-body Hamiltonians, and depending on the initial conditions, a
metastable state (whose duration diverges with $1/N\to 0$) is observed before
it crosses over to the BG regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114278 </DOCNO>
Quantum Dynamics in Stochastic Mechanics


  A study of the non-dissipative Brownian motion in vacuum is presented. The
noise source associated to the stochastic process assumed in this work is
vacuum fluctuations of some quantum field capable of interact with a massive
particle. For the associated Fokker-Planck equation we do a perturbation theory
which has terms presenting dynamics similar to that satisfied by the
probability amplitude in Quantum Theory even though the physical interpretation
be classical. In particular classical observables present expected values that
coincide with those calculated using Quantum Mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83889 </DOCNO>
ICANN as Regulator


  This paper tells the story leading to ICANN's selection of seven new Internet
top level domains in November 2000. In implementing proposals to expand the
name space, ICANN adopted an approach far different from Jon Postel's
lightweight proposals. ICANN staff, in setting the ground rules for considering
new gTLDs, emphasized that only a few applicants would be allowed in, and
imposed strict threshold requirements. Staff determined that the Board should
pick TLDs by looking at all relevant aspects of every proposal, and deciding
which ones presented the best overall combination of a variety of
incommensurable factors. Aspects of the resulting process were predictable:
Anyone familiar with the FCC comparative hearing process for broadcast licenses
can attest that this sort of ad hoc comparison is necessarily subjective,
lending itself to arbitrariness and biased application. Yet the process had
advantages that appealed to ICANN decision-makers. The Board members would be
free to take their best shots, in a situationally sensitive manner, at
advancing the policies they thought important. The approach allowed ICANN to
maintain the greatest degree of control. The end result, though, was a process
stunning in its arbitrariness, a bad parody of fact-bound, situationally
sensitive (rather than rules-based) decision-making.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149779 </DOCNO>
Wave function of the radion in the brane background with a massless


  We consider flat solutions in the brane background with a massless scalar
field appearing in 5D $H^2_{MNPQ}$. Since there exist bulk singularities or
arises the divergent 4D Planck mass, we should introduce a compact extra
dimension, the size of which is then fixed by brane tension(s) and a bulk
cosmological constant. Inspecting scalar perturbations around the flat
solutions, we find that the flat solutions are stable vacua from the positive
mass spectrum of radion. We show that the massless radion mode is projected out
by the boundary condition arising in cutting off the extra dimension. Thus, the
fixed extra dimension is not alterable, which is not useful toward a
self-tuning of the cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4472 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structure, Bonding and Optical Spectrum of MgB2


  This paper contains both recently published and original results concerning
the electronic structure, bonding and relevant properties of (Mg-Al)B2. We
analyse the electronic structure formation of bulk and surface states, study
the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates, compare the theoretical and
experimental estimates of the density of states at the Fermi level, and review
the electron-phonon coupling calculations. The analysis of optical properties
of MgB2 and AlB2 is also provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87002 </DOCNO>
Acceleration-induced nonlocality: kinetic memory versus dynamic memory


  The characteristics of the memory of accelerated motion in Minkowski
spacetime are discussed within the framework of the nonlocal theory of
accelerated observers. Two types of memory are distinguished: kinetic and
dynamic. We show that only kinetic memory is acceptable, since dynamic memory
leads to divergences for nonuniform accelerated motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148657 </DOCNO>
Partition functions and Jacobi fields in the Morse theory


  We study the semiclassical partition function in the frame work of the Morse
theory, to clarify the phase factor of the partition function and to relate it
to the eta invariant of Atiyah. Converting physical system with potential into
a curved manifold, we exploit the Jacobi fields and their corresponding
eigenvalue equations to be associated with geodesics on the curved manifold and
the Hamilton-Jacobi theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2474 </DOCNO>
Velocity Distributions and Correlations in Homogeneously Heated Granular


  We compare the steady state velocity distributions from our three-dimensional
inelastic hard sphere molecular dynamics simulation for homogeneously heated
granular media, with the predictions of a mean field-type Enskog-Boltzmann
equation for inelastic hard spheres [van Noije & Ernst, Gran. Matt. {\bf 1}, 57
(1998)]. Although we find qualitative agreement for all values of density and
inelasticity, the quantitative disagreement approaches $\sim 40%$ at high
inelasticity or density. By contrast the predictions of the pseudo-Maxwell
molecule model [Carrillo, Cercignani & Gamba, Phys. Rev. E, {\bf 62}, 7700
(2000)] are both qualitatively and quantitatively different from those of our
simulation. We also measure short-range and long-range velocity correlations
exhibiting non-zero correlations at contact before the collision, and being
consistent with a slow algebraic decay over a decade in the unit of the
diameter of the particle, proportional to $r^{-(1+\alpha)}$, where $0.2 <
\alpha < 0.3$. The existence of these correlations imply the failure of the
molecular chaos assumption and the mean field approximation, which is
responsible for the quantitative disagreement of the inelastic hard sphere
kinetic theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41837 </DOCNO>
Experimental Status and Expectations Regarding Radiative Penguin Decays


  Radiative penguin decays provide a hunting ground complementary to direct
searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. In the era of B-factories
copious production of B mesons permits precision measurements of radiative
penguin decays. We present herein the status of radiative penguin processes and
expectations at high luminosities, focusing on b -> s (d) gamma, b -> s l+ l-,
and b -> s \nu \nu bar modes

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5697 </DOCNO>
Reduction Of Spin Injection Efficiency by Interface Spin Scattering


  We report the first experimental demonstration that interface microstructure
limits diffusive electrical spin injection efficiency across heteroepitaxial
interfaces. A theoretical treatment shows that the suppression of spin
injection due to interface defects follows directly from the contribution of
the defect potential to the spin-orbit interaction, resulting in enhanced
spin-flip scattering. An inverse correlation between spin-polarized electron
injection efficiency and interface defect density is demonstrated for
ZnMnSe/AlGaAs-GaAs spin-LEDs with spin injection efficiencies of 0 to 85%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76323 </DOCNO>
European Perspectives for Electron-Nucleon Scattering at the Luminosity


  European perspectives are discussed on fixed-target electron or positron
scattering experiments using polarized and unpolarized beams and targets in
various combinations. The goal envisioned is a deep and complete understanding
of the momentum and spin structure of hadrons in the context of Quantum Chromo
Dynamics, based on measurements at moderate and low photon virtualities. This
program can be realized by performing electron-nucleon experiments with high
resolution and high luminosity, at beam energies of at least 25-30 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125693 </DOCNO>
Circumnuclear Spiral Arms and Starburst Rings in Magnetized Barred


  The Seyfert galaxy NGC 1097 has an extended neutral hydrogen disk, a
companion, a prominent bar and a luminous circumnuclear starburst "ring".
Magnetic fields as revealed by nonthermal radio-continuum emissions correlate
well with the optical barred spiral structure on large scales, have a gross
enhancement overlapping with the optical/infrared "ring", and show a trailing
swirl around and within the "ring". We propose a scenario of bar-excited
long-trailing fast magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) density waves at the modified
inner Lindblad resonance (mILR), physically identified with the outer rim of
the "ring". These sustained outgoing long-waves are bounced back by the
$Q_M$-barrier in the form of incoming short-trailing waves. The damping of
these waves deposits a {\it negative} angular momentum into the magnetized
circumnuclear gas disk. Thus, gas materials spiral inward, bring in frozen-in
magnetic flux, and accumulate inside the mILR to create a circular zone of high
density and magnetic flux vulnerable to massive star formation. Depending on
the wave damping efficiency, this process may simultaneously sustain a net mass
inflow across the "ring" and toward the nucleus. A wavelet analysis on a Hubble
Space Telescope image of central NGC 1097 shows a distinct two-arm spiral
structure extended down to the nucleus as a strong evidence for circumnuclear
MHD density waves. We predict that magnetic-field observations with improved
sensitivity and resolution would reveal a specific correspondence between
circumnuclear optical and magnetic field spirals much as those known to exist
on large scales in nearby spiral galaxies, including NGC 1097.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114223 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of dynamical equations for traffic flow


  Traffic flow data collected by an induction loop detector on the highway
close to Koeln-Nord are investigated with respect to their dynamics including
the stochastic content. In particular we present a new method, with which the
flow dynamics can be extracted directly from the measured data. As a result a
Langevin equation for the traffic flow is obtained. From the deterministic part
of the flow dynamics, stable fixed points are extracted and set into relation
with common features of the fundamental diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86632 </DOCNO>
Conventional Forces can Explain the Anomalous Acceleration of Pioneer 10


  Anderson, et al. find the measured trajectories of Pioneer 10 and 11
spacecraft deviate from the trajectories computed from known forces acting on
them. This unmodelled acceleration can be accounted for by non-isotropic
radiation of spacecraft heat. Various forms of non-isotropic radiation were
proposed by Katz, Murphy, and Scheffer, but Anderson, et al. felt that none of
these could explain the observed effect. This paper recalculates the combined
total of all of these effects, over the duration of the experiment, based upon
spacecraft construction. It correctly predicts the magnitude of the
acceleration, but predicts a 10% change between intervals I and III as opposed
to the 3% observed. The two different measurements of the effect (SIGMA and
CHASMP) themselves differ by 4% in interval III. If we treat this difference as
a statistical effect, then there is about an 8% chance that the proposed model
alone accounts for all the unmodelled acceleration. In any case, by accounting
for the bulk of the acceleration it makes it much more likely that the entire
effect can be explained without the need for new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73972 </DOCNO>
Network of Domain Walls on Soliton Stars


  We explore the idea of a network of domain walls to appear at the surface of
a soliton star. We show that for a suitable fine tuning among the parameters of
the model we can find localized fermion zero modes only on the network of
domain walls. In this scenario the soliton star gets unstable and decays into
free particles before the cold matter upper mass limit is achieved. However, if
fermions do not bind to the network of domain walls, the network becomes
neutral, imposing a new lower bound on the charge of the soliton star, slightly
raising its critical mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124904 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the Nuclear H2O Masers of NGC 1068: Reverberation and


  We report new (1995) Very Large Array observations and (1984 - 1999)
Effelsberg 100m monitoring observations of the 22 GHz H2O maser spectrum of the
Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068. The sensitive VLA observations provide a
registration of the 22 GHz continuum emission and the location of the maser
spots with an accuracy of ~ 5 mas. Within the monitoring data, we find evidence
that the nuclear masers vary coherently on time-scales of months to years, much
more rapidly than the dynamical time-scale. We argue that the nuclear masers
are responding in reverberation to a central power source, presumably the
central engine. Between October and November 1997, we detected a simultaneous
flare of the blue-shifted and red-shifted satellite maser lines. Reverberation
in a rotating disk naturally explains the simultaneous flaring. There is also
evidence that near-infrared emission from dust grains associated with the maser
disk also responds to the central engine. We present a model in which an X-ray
flare results in both the loss of maser signal in 1990 and the peak of the
near-infrared light curve in 1994. In support of a rotating disk geometry for
the nuclear masers, we find no evidence for centripetal accelerations of the
redshifted nuclear masers; the limits are +/- 0.006 km/s/year, implying that
the masers are located within 2 degrees of the kinematic line-of-nodes. We also
searched for high velocity maser emission like that observed in NGC 4258. In
both VLA and Effelsberg spectra, we detect no high velocity lines between +/-
350 km/s to +/- 850 km/s relative to systemic, arguing that masers only lie
outside a radius of ~ 0.6 pc (1.9 light years) from the central engine
(assuming a distance of 14.4 Mpc).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4741 </DOCNO>
Plaquette Boson-Fermion Model of Cuprates


  The strongly interacting Hubbard model on the square lattice is reduced to
the low energy Plaquette Boson Fermion Model (PBFM). The four bosons (an
antiferromagnon triplet and a d-wave hole pair), and the fermions are defined
by the lowest plaquette eigenstates. We apply the Contractor Renormalization
method of Morningstar and Weinstein to compute the boson effective
interactions. The range-3 truncation error is found to be very small, signaling
short hole-pair and magnon coherence lengths. The pair-hopping and magnon
interactions are comparable, which explains the rapid destruction of
antiferromagnetic order with emergence of superconductivity, and validates a
key assumption of the projected SO(5) theory. A vacuum crossing at larger
doping marks a transition into the overdoped regime. With hole fermions
occupying small Fermi pockets and Andreev coupled to hole pair bosons, the PBFM
yields several testable predictions for photoemmission, tunneling asymmetry and
entropy measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75596 </DOCNO>
Exploring skewed parton distributions with two body models on the light


  We explore skewed parton distributions for two-body, light-front wave
functions. In order to access all kinematical regimes, we adopt a covariant
Bethe-Salpeter approach, which makes use of the underlying equation of motion
(here the Weinberg equation) and its Green's function. Such an approach allows
for the consistent treatment of the non-wave function vertex (but rules out the
case of phenomenological wave functions derived from ad hoc potentials). Our
investigation centers around checking internal consistency by demonstrating
time-reversal invariance and continuity between valence and non-valence
regimes. We derive our expressions by assuming the effective qq potential is
independent of the mass squared, and verify the sum rule in a non-relativistic
approximation in which the potential is energy independent. We consider
bare-coupling as well as interacting skewed parton distributions and develop
approximations for the Green's function which preserve the general properties
of these distributions. Lastly we apply our approach to time-like form factors
and find similar expressions for the related generalized distribution
amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72931 </DOCNO>
Higgs' mass around 115 GeV would testify for composite Higgs


  Theory with $SU(2)\times U(1)$ gauge invariant electroweak Lagrangian
describing standard interaction of massless quark doublet without elementary
scalar Higgs sector is considered. We show in the main order of $1/N_c$
expansion, that there exists a solution, which breaks initial symmetry and is
accompanied by an appearance of zero mass composite scalar doublet. The
electroweak loop corrections shift its mass to a tachyon value and thus the
scalar serves as a substitute for usual elementary Higgs. The $t$-quark mass
also arise. The problem of adjusting its observable mass leads to prediction of
triple gauge constant $\lambda_V \simeq -0.034$ without contradiction with
experimental data. The mass of the surviving composite Higgs scalar is
predicted to be $M_H = 117 \pm 7 GeV$, that agrees with recent indications of
$M_H \simeq 115 GeV$. The resulting theory contains realistic $W, Z, t$ masses,
composite massive Higgs and massless other particles. Parameters used are
cut-off $\Lambda \simeq 3500 GeV$, weak gauge constant $g$ and mixing angle
$\theta_W$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148173 </DOCNO>
Background Independent Open String Field Theory with Constant B field On


  We study Witten's background independent open-string field theory in the
presence of a constant B-field at one loop level. The Green's function and the
partition function with a constant B-field are evaluated for an annulus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127889 </DOCNO>
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Observations of the Seyfert 1.5


  We present far-ultraviolet spectra of the Seyfert 1.5 galaxy NGC 5548
obtained in 2000 June with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE).
Our data span the observed wavelength range 915--1185 Angstroms at a resolution
of 20 km/s. The spectrum shows a weak continuum and emission from O VI, C III,
and He II. The FUSE data were obtained when the AGN was in a low state, which
has revealed strong, narrow O VI emission lines. We also resolve intrinsic,
associated absorption lines of O VI and the Lyman series. Several distinct
kinematic components are present, spanning a velocity range of 0 to -1300 km/s
relative to systemic, with kinematic structure similar to that seen in previous
observations of longer wavelength ultraviolet (UV) lines. We explore the
relationship between the far-UV absorbers and those seen previously in the UV
and X-rays. We find that the high-velocity UV absorption component is
consistent with being low-ionization, contrary to some previous claims, and is
consistent with its non-detection in high-resolution X-ray spectra. The
intermediate velocity absorbers, at -300 to -400 km/s, show H I and O VI column
densities consistent with having contributions from both a high-ionization
X-ray absorber and a low-ionization UV absorber. No single far-UV absorbing
component can be solely identified with the X-ray absorber.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127261 </DOCNO>
SwSt 1: an O-rich planetary nebula around a C-rich central star


  The hydrogen-deficient carbon-rich [WCL] type central star HD167362 and its
oxygen-rich planetary nebula (PN) SwSt~1 are investigated. The nebular
chemistry might indicate a recent origin for the carbon-rich stellar spectrum.
Its stellar and nebular properties might therefore provide further
understanding of the origin of the [WCL] central star class. The UV-IR stellar
spectra are modelled with state of the codes and show ~40kK central star with a
wind and a C/O~3, indicative of efficient third dredge-up. The synthetic
stellar flux distribution is used to model the high density, compact PN, which
has a solar C/O ratio, is still enshrouded by 1200K and 230K dust shells and,
reported here for the first time, in molecular hydrogen. Although it appears
that the change in C/O ratio has been recent, the published spectroscopy since
1895 has been re-examined and no clear spectral change is seen. If an event
occurred that has turned it into a hydrogen-deficient central star, it did not
happen in the last 100 years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125969 </DOCNO>
SN1998bw/GRB980425 and Radio Supernovae


  The unusual supernova SN1998bw, which is thought to be related to the
gamma-ray burster GRB980425, is a possible link between the two classes of
objects. Analyzing the extensive radio emission data avaliable for SN1998bw, we
are able to describe its time evolution within the well established framework
available for the analysis of radio emission from supernovae. This then allows
description of a number of physical properties of the object. The radio
emission can best be explained as interaction of a mildly relativistic (Gamma
about 1.6) shock with a dense pre-explosion stellar wind established
circumstellar medium (CSM) which is highly structured both azimuthally, in
clumps or filaments, and radially, with two observed density enhancements
separated by about 3e17 cm. With assumptions as to pre-explosion stellar wind
conditions, it is possible to estimate that the progenitor to SN 1998bw had a
mass loss rate of about 3.5e-5 solar masses per yr with at least two
approximately 30% increases in mass-loss rate; the most recent extending from
about 1,600 - 4,700 yr before explosion and the oldest known having occurred,
with possibly comparable length, about 12,000 yr before explosion. Because of
its unusual characteristics for a Type Ib/c SN, the relation of SN1998bw to
GRB980425 is strengthened with consequent improvement in our understanding of
these poorly understood objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95799 </DOCNO>
Stochastic processes on geometric loop groups and diffeomorphism groups


  Stochastic processes are considered on free loop spaces, geometric loop and
diffeomorphism groups of real and complex manifolds. They are used for
investigations of Wiener differentiable quasi-invariant measures on such groups
relative to dense subgroups. There are considered finite-dimensional and also
infinite-dimensional manifolds. Such measures are used for the investigation of
associated unitary representations of these groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73767 </DOCNO>
Long-wavelength excitations of Higgs condensates


  Quite independently of the Goldstone phenomenon, recent lattice data suggest
the existence of gap-less modes in the spontaneously broken phase of a $\lambda
\Phi^4$ theory. This result is a direct consequence of the quantum nature of
the `Higgs condensate' that cannot be treated as a purely classical c-number
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85812 </DOCNO>
Black diholes with unbalanced magnetic charges


  We present a technique that can be used to generate a static, axisymmetric
solution of the Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton equations from a stationary,
axisymmetric solution of the vacuum Einstein equations. Starting from the Kerr
solution, Davidson and Gedalin have previously made use of this technique to
obtain a pair of oppositely charged, extremal dilatonic black holes, known as a
black dihole. In this paper, we shall instead start from the Kerr-NUT solution.
It will be shown that the new solution can also be interpreted as a dihole, but
with the black holes carrying unbalanced magnetic charges. The effect of the
NUT-parameter is to introduce a net magnetic charge into the system. Finally,
we uplift our solution to ten dimensions to describe a system consisting of D6
and anti-D6-branes with unbalanced charges. The limit in which they coincide
agrees with a solution recently derived by Brax et al..

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72611 </DOCNO>
Conformal Expansions: A Template for QCD Predictions


  The use of conformal expansions for predictions in quantum chromodynamics is
discussed as a way to avoid renormalization scheme and scale ambiguities, as
well as factorial growth of perturbative coefficients due to renormalons.
Special emphasis is given to the properties of an assumed skeleton expansion
and its relation to the Banks-Zaks expansion. The relation of BLM scale-setting
to the skeleton expansion is also discussed and new criteria for the
applicability of BLM scale-setting are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168099 </DOCNO>
Parametric Potential Determination by the Canonical Function Method


  The canonical function method (CFM) is a powerful means for solving the
Radial Schrodinger Equation. The mathematical difficulty of the RSE lies in the
fact it is a singular boundary value problem. The CFM turns it into a regular
initial value problem and allows the full determination of the spectrum of the
Schrodinger operator without calculating the eigenfunctions. Following the
parametrisation suggested by Klapisch and Green, Sellin and Zachor we develop a
CFM to optimise the potential parameters in order to reproduce the experimental
Quantum Defect results for various Rydberg series of He, Ne and Ar as evaluated
from Moore's data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179617 </DOCNO>
Microscopic description of Coulomb and nuclear excitation of multiphonon


  We calculate the inelastic scattering cross sections to populate one- and
two-phonon states in heavy ion collisions with both Coulomb and nuclear
excitations. Starting from a microscopic approach based on RPA, we go beyond it
in order to treat anharmonicities and non-linear terms in the exciting field.
These anharmonicities and non-linearities are shown to have important effects
on the cross sections both in the low energy part of the spectrum and in the
energy region of the Double Giant Quadrupole Resonance. By properly introducing
an optical potential the inelastic cross section is calculated semiclassically
by integrating the excitation probability over all impact parameters. A
satisfactory agreement with the experimental results is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6132 </DOCNO>
Ising transition in a one-dimensional quarter-filled electron system


  We examine critical properties of the quarter-filled one-dimensional Hubbard
model with dimerization and with the onsite and nearest-neighbor Coulomb
repulsion U and V. By utilizing the bosonization method, it is shown that the
system exhibits an Ising quantum phase transition from the Mott insulating
state to the charge-ordered insulating state. It is also shown that the
dielectric permittivity exhibits a strong enhancement as decreasing temperature
with power-law dependence at the Ising critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 532 </DOCNO>
Vortex bending and tightly packed vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein


  We study in detail the counterintuitive result that in elongated rotating
Bose--Einstein condensates the ground state is composed of one or more vortex
lines which bend even in completely symmetric setups. This symmetry breaking
allows the condensate to smoothly adapt to rotation and to produce tightly
packed arrays of vortex lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86261 </DOCNO>
Gravitational collapse of spherically symmetric perfect fluid with


  Analytic spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein field equations
coupled with a perfect fluid and with self-similarities of the zeroth, first
and second kinds, found recently by Benoit and Coley [Class. Quantum Grav. {\bf
15}, 2397 (1998)], are studied, and found that some of them represent
gravitational collapse. When the solutions have self-similarity of the first
(homothetic) kind, some of the solutions may represent critical collapse but in
the sense that now the "critical" solution separates the collapse that forms
black holes from the collapse that forms naked singularities. The formation of
such black holes always starts with a mass gap, although the "critical"
solution has homothetic self-similarity. The solutions with self-similarity of
the zeroth and second kinds seem irrelevant to critical collapse. Yet, it is
also found that the de Sitter solution is a particular case of the solutions
with self-similarity of the zeroth kind, and that the Schwarzschild solution is
a particular case of the solutions with self-similarity of the second kind with
the index $\alpha = 3/2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1955 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of the high-field critical current density of


  A relatively high critical temperature, Tc, approaching 40 K, places the
recently-discovered superconductor magnesium diboride (MgB2) intermediate
between the families of low- and copper-oxide-based high-temperature
superconductors (HTS). Supercurrent flow in MgB2 is unhindered by grain
boundaries, unlike the HTS materials. Thus, long polycrystalline MgB2
conductors may be easier to fabricate, and so could fill a potentially
important niche of applications in the 20 to 30 K temperature range. However,
one disadvantage of MgB2 is that in bulk material the critical current density,
Jc, appears to drop more rapidly with increasing magnetic field than it does in
the HTS phases. The magnitude and field dependence of Jc are related to the
presence of structural defects that can "pin" the quantised magnetic vortices
that permeate the material, and prevent them from moving under the action of
the Lorentz force. Vortex studies suggest that it is the paucity of suitable
defects in MgB2 that causes the rapid decay of Jc with field. Here we show that
modest levels of atomic disorder, induced by proton irradiation, enhance the
pinning, and so increase Jc significantly at high fields. We anticipate that
chemical doping or mechanical processing should be capable of generating
similar levels of disorder, and so achieve technologically-attractive
performance in MgB2 by economically-viable routes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86211 </DOCNO>
Macroscopic and Microscopic Description of Black Diholes


  We study configurations consisting of a pair of non-extremal black holes in
four dimensions, both with the same mass, and with charges of the same
magnitude but opposite sign---diholes, for short. We present such exact
solutions for Einstein-Maxwell theory with arbitrary dilaton coupling, and also
solutions to the U(1)^4 theories that arise from compactified string/M-theory.
Despite the fact that the solutions are very complicated, physical properties
of these black holes, such as their area, charge, and interaction energy, admit
simple expressions. We also succeed in providing a microscopic description of
the entropy of these black holes using the `effective string' model, and taking
into account the interaction between the effective string and anti-string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7359 </DOCNO>
Evolution of spin excitations in a gapped antiferromagnet from the


  We have mapped from the quantum to the classical limit the spin excitation
spectrum of the antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain system CsNiCl3 in its
paramagnetic phase from T=5 to 200K. Neutron scattering shows that the
excitations are resonant and dispersive up to at least T=70K, but broaden
considerably with increasing temperature. The dispersion flattens out with
increasing temperature as the resonance energy Delta at the antiferromagnetic
wave-vector increases and the maximum in the dispersion decreases. The
correlation length xi between T=12 and 50K is in agreement with quantum Monte
Carlo calculations. xi is also consistent with the single mode approximation,
suggesting that the excitations are short-lived single particle excitations.
Below T=12K where three-dimensional spin correlations are important, xi is
shorter than predicted and the experiment is not consistent with the random
phase approximation for coupled quantum chains. At T=200K, the structure factor
and second energy moment of the excitation spectrum are in excellent agreement
with the high-temperature series expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98596 </DOCNO>
Quantum Langlands duality and mirror symmetry


  We show that (quantum) D-modules of Givental type on affine flag varieties
are transformed to D-modules of Beilinson-Drinfeld type on $n$-reduced Sato
Grassmannians via affine Miura transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73734 </DOCNO>
The "Sigma^0 Lambda" Transition Magnetic Moment in Light Cone QCD Sum


  Using the general form of the "Sigma^0" and "Lambda" currents, the "Sigma^0
Lambda" transition magnetic moment is calculated in the framework of light cone
QCD sum rules. A comparison of our result on this quantity with the existing
theoretical results and experimental data is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174761 </DOCNO>
Production mechanism of hot nuclei in violent collisions in the Fermi


  A production mechanism of highly excited nuclei formed in violent collisions
in the Fermi energy domain is investigated. The collision of two nuclei is
decomposed into several stages which are treated separately. Simplified exciton
concept is used for the description of pre-equilibrium emission. A modified
spectator-participant scenario is used where motion along classical Coulomb
trajectories is assumed. The participant and one of the spectator zones undergo
incomplete fusion. Excitation energies of both cold and hot fragment are
determined. Results of the calculation are compared to recent experimental data
in the Fermi energy domain. Data on hot projectile-like, mid-velocity and
fusion-like sources are described consistently. Geometric aspects of
pre-equilibrium emission are revealed. Explanations to previously unexplained
experimental phenomena are given. Energy deposited into non-thermal degrees of
freedom is estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129079 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Ray Tracing for Radiative Transfer around Point Sources


  We describe a novel adaptive ray tracing scheme to solve the equation of
radiative transfer around point sources in hydrodynamical simulations. The
angular resolution adapts to the local hydrodynamical resolution and hence is
of use for adaptive meshes as well as adaptive smooth particle hydrodynamical
simulations. Recursive creation of rays ensures ease of implementation. The
multiple radial integrations needed to solve the time dependent radiative
transfer are sped up significantly using a quad-tree once the rays are cast.
Simplifications advantageous for methods with one radiation source are briefly
discussed. The suggested method is easily generalized to speed up Monte Carlo
radiative transfer techniques. In summary a nearly optimal use of long
characteristics is presented and aspects of its implementation and comparison
to other methods are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1991 </DOCNO>
A unified model for temperature dependent electrical conduction in


  The observed temperature dependence of electrical conduction in polymer
electrolytes is usually fitted with two separated equations: an Arrhenius
equation at low temperatures and Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher (VTF) at high
temperatures. We report here a derivation of a single equation to explain the
variation of electrical conduction in polymer electrolytes at all temperature
ranges. Our single equation is in agreement with the experimental data

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148292 </DOCNO>
New physics in the charged relativistic Bose gas using zeta-function


  The multiplicative anomaly, recently introduced in QFT, plays a fundamental
role in solving some mathematical inconsistencies of the widely used
zeta-function regularization method. Its physical relevance is still an open
question and is here analyzed in the light of a non-perturbative method. Even
in this approach the ``different physics'' seems to hold and not to be easily
removable by renormalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2490 </DOCNO>
Spin-density-wave transition of (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$ at high magnetic


  The transverse magnetoresistance of the Bechgaard salt (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$ has
been measured for various pressures, with the field up to 24 T parallel to the
lowest conductivity direction c$^{\ast}$. A quadratic behavior is observed in
the magnetic field dependence of the spin-density-wave (SDW) transition
temperature $T_{\rm {SDW}}$. With increasing pressure, $T_{\rm {SDW}}$
decreases and the coefficient of the quadratic term increases. These results
are consistent with the prediction of the mean-field theory based on the
nesting of the quasi one-dimensional Fermi surface. Using a mean field theory,
$T_{\rm {SDW}}$ for the perfect nesting case is estimated as about 16 K. This
means that even at ambient pressure where $T_{\rm {SDW}}$ is 12 K, the SDW
phase of (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$ is substantially suppressed by the
two-dimensionality of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1832 </DOCNO>
Quantum Effects in the Mechanical Properties of Suspended Nanomechanical


  We explore the quantum aspects of an elastic bar supported at both ends and
subject to compression. If strain rather than stress is held fixed, the system
remains stable beyond the buckling instability, supporting two potential
minima. The classical equilibrium transverse displacement is analogous to a
Ginsburg-Landau order parameter, with strain playing the role of temperature.
We calculate the quantum fluctuations about the classical value as a function
of strain. Excitation energies and quantum fluctuation amplitudes are compared
for silicon beams and carbon nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86963 </DOCNO>
Hawking radiation from decoherence


  It is argued that the thermal nature of Hawking radiation arises solely due
to decoherence. Thereby any information-loss paradox is avoided because for
closed systems pure states remain pure. The discussion is performed for a
massless scalar field in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole, but the
arguments should hold in general. The result is also compared to and contrasted
with the situation in inflationary cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6176 </DOCNO>
Continuous measurement of entangled qubits


  We have developed Bayesian formalism to describe the process of continuous
measurement of entangled qubits. We start with the case of two qubits and then
generalize it to an arbitrary number of qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 145 </DOCNO>
Zeeman smearing of the Coulomb blockade


  Charge fluctuations of a large quantum dot coupled to a two-dimensional lead
via a single-mode good Quantum Point Contact (QPC) and capacitively coupled to
a back-gate, are investigated in the presence of a parallel magnetic field. The
Zeeman term induces an asymmetry between transmission probabilities for the
spin-up and spin-down channels at the QPC, producing noticeable effects on the
quantization of the grain charge already at low magnetic fields. Performing a
quantitative analysis, I show that the capacitance between the gate and the
lead exhibits - instead of a logarithmic singularity - a reduced peak as a
function of gate voltage. Experimental applicability is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 344 </DOCNO>
Epitaxial mounding in limited mobility models of surface growth


  We study, through large scale stochastic simulations using the noise
reduction technique, a large number of simple nonequilibrium limited mobility
solid-on-solid growth models. We find that d=2+1 dimensional surface growth in
several noise reduced models (most notably the Wolf-Villain and the
Larger-Curvature model) exhibits spectacular quasi-regular mound formation with
slope selection in their dynamical surface morphology. The mounding instability
in these epitaxial growth models does not involve the Ehrlich-Schwoebel step
edge diffusion barrier. The mounded morphology in these growth models arises
from the interplay between the line tension along step edges in the plane
parallel to the average surface and the suppression of noise and island
nucleation. The line tension tends to stabilize some of the step orientations
that coincide with in-plane high symmetry crystalline directions, and thus the
mounds that are formed assume quasi-regular structures. The noise reduction
technique developed originally for Eden type models can be used to control the
stochastic noise and enhance diffusion along the step edge, which ultimately
leads to the formation of quasi-regular mounds during growth. We show that by
increasing the diffusion surface length together with supression of nucleation
and deposition noise, one can obtain a self-organization of the pyramids in
quasi-regular patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7024 </DOCNO>
An effective Hamiltonian for phase fluctuations on a lattice: an


  We derive an effective Hamiltonian for phase fluctuations in an s-wave
superconductor starting from the attractive Hubbard model on a square lattice.
In contrast to the common assumption, we find that the effective Hamiltonian is
not the usual XY model but is of an extended XY type. This extended feature is
robust and leads to essential corrections in understanding phase fluctuations
on a lattice. The effective coupling in the Hamiltonian varies significantly
with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6515 </DOCNO>
Probing dipolar effects with condensate shape oscillation


  We discuss the low energy shape oscillations of a magnetic trapped atomic
condensate including the spin dipole interaction. When the nominal isotropic
s-wave interaction strength becomes tunable through a Feshbach resonance (e.g.
as for $^{85}$Rb atoms), anisotropic dipolar effects are shown to be detectable
under current experimental conditions [E. A. Donley {\it et al.}, Nature {\bf
412}, 295 (2001)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83858 </DOCNO>
Second-Level Digital Divide: Mapping Differences in People's Online


  Much of the existing approach to the digital divide suffers from an important
limitation. It is based on a binary classification of Internet use by only
considering whether someone is or is not an Internet user. To remedy this
shortcoming, this project looks at the differences in people's level of skill
with respect to finding information online. Findings suggest that people search
for content in a myriad of ways and there is a large variance in how long
people take to find various types of information online. Data are collected to
see how user demographics, users' social support networks, people's experience
with the medium, and their autonomy of use influence their level of user
sophistication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114253 </DOCNO>
Remote Device Access in the New CERN Accelerator Controls Middleware


  This paper presents the Remote Device Access (RDA) package developed at CERN
in the framework of the joint PS/SL Controls Middleware project. The package
design reflects the Accelerator Device Model in which devices, named entities
in the control system, can be controlled via properties. RDA implements this
model in a distributed environment with devices residing in servers that can
run anywhere in the controls network. It provides a location-independent and
reliable access to the devices from control programs. By invoking the device
access methods, clients can read, write and subscribe to device property
values. We describe the architecture and design of RDA, its API, and
CORBA-based implementations in Java and C++. First applications of RDA in the
CERN accelerator control systems are described as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149951 </DOCNO>
On interaction in extended particle model on (M4 x M4) x Z4


  A (M4 x M4) x Z4 model, describing an extended particle composed of two local
modes and represented by a field psi(x, xi ;z), is formulated in its most
general form (x, xi ; z) belong to (M4 x M4) x Z4. The 'z' argument specifies
whether the particle is observable, unobservable, or partially observable (the
latter case appears in two forms). In this four-sheeted structure, each sheet
posses its own symmetry localized with respect to both space-times M4 inducing
thereby connections in the continuous directions. Connections in the discrete
direction describe transitions between observable, unobservable, and partially
observable states. Curvatures and propagators are determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150179 </DOCNO>
Holographic Domains of Anti-de Sitter Space


  An AdS_4 brane embedded in AdS_5 exhibits the novel feature that a
four-dimensional graviton is localized near the brane, but the majority of the
infinite bulk away from the brane where the warp factor diverges does not see
four-dimensional gravity. A naive application of the holographic principle from
the point of view of the four-dimensional observer would lead to a paradox; a
global holographic mapping would require infinite entropy density. In this
paper, we show that this paradox is resolved by the proper covariant
formulation of the holographic principle. This is the first explicit example of
a time-independent metric for which the spacelike formulation of the
holographic principle is manifestly inadequate. Further confirmation of the
correctness of this approach is that light-rays leaving the brane intersect at
the location where we expect four-dimensional gravity to no longer dominate. We
also present a simple method of locating CFT excitations dual to a particle in
the bulk. We find that the holographic image on the brane moves off to infinity
precisely when the particle exits the brane's holographic domain. Our analysis
yields an improved understanding of the physics of the AdS_4/AdS_5 model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148754 </DOCNO>
Chaotic Quantization of Classical Gauge Fields


  We argue that the quantized non-Abelian gauge theory can be obtained as the
infrared limit of the corresponding classical gauge theory in a higher
dimension. We show how the transformation from classical to quantum field
theory emerges and calculate Planck's constant from quantities defined in the
underlying classical gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72711 </DOCNO>
Cosmic string induced sheet like baryon inhomogeneities at quark-hadron


  Cosmic strings moving through matter produce wakes where density is higher
than the background density. We investigate the effects of such wakes occurring
at the time of a first order quark-hadron transition in the early universe and
show that they can lead to separation of quark-gluon plasma phase in the wake
region, while the region outside the wake converts to the hadronic phase.
Moving interfaces then trap large baryon densities in sheet like regions which
can extend across the entire horizon. Typical separation between such sheets,
at formation, is of the order of a km. Regions of baryon inhomogeneity of this
nature, i.e. having a planar geometry, and separated by such large distance
scales, appear to be well suited for the recent models of inhomogeneous
nucleosynthesis to reconcile with the large baryon to photon ratio implied by
the recent measurements of the cosmic microwave background power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128500 </DOCNO>
Abundance and evolution of galaxy clusters in cosmological models with


  The time evolution of the number density of galaxy clusters and their mass
and temperature functions are used to constrain cosmological parameters in the
spatially flat dark matter models containing a fraction of hot particles
(massive neutrino) additional to cold and baryonic matter. We test the modified
MDM models with cosmic gravitational waves and show that they neither pass the
cluster evolution test nor reproduce the observed height of the first acoustic
peak in $\Delta T/T$ spectrum, and therefore should be ruled out. The models
with a non-zero cosmological constant are in better agreement with
observations. We estimate the free cosmological parameters in $\Lambda$MDM with
a negligible abundance of gravitational waves, and find that within the
parameter ranges $h\in (0.6, 0.7)$, $n\in (0.9, 1.1)$, (i) the value of
$\Omega_\Lambda$ is strongly affected by a small fraction of hot dark matter,
$f_\nu\equiv\Omega_\nu /\Omega_m\in (0, 0.2)$: $0.45 <\Omega_\Lambda <0.7$
($1\sigma$ CL), and (ii) the redshift evolution of galaxy clusters alone
reveals the following explicit correlation between $\Omega_\Lambda$ and
$f_\nu$: $\Omega_\Lambda +0.5f_\nu =0.65\pm 0.1$. The present accuracy of
observational data allows only to bound the fraction of hot matter, $f_\nu\in
(0, 0.2)$ (the number of massive neutrino species remains undelimited, $N_\nu
=1, 2, 3$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129223 </DOCNO>
The Crab Nebula at 1.3 mm: evidence for a new synchrotron component


  We present the results of 1.3 mm observations of the Crab Nebula, performed
with the MPIfR bolometer arrays at the IRAM 30-m telescope. The maps obtained,
of unprecedented quality at these wavelengths, allow a direct comparison with
high-resolution radio maps. Although the spatial structure of the Crab Nebula
does not change much from radio to millimetre wavelengths, we have detected
significant spatial variations of the spectral index between 20 cm and 1.3 mm.
The main effect is a spectral flattening in the inner region, which can be
hardly explained just in terms of the evolution of a single population of
synchrotron emitting electrons. We propose instead that this is the result of
the emergence of a second synchrotron component, that we have tried to extract
from the data. Shape and size of this component resemble those of the Crab
Nebula in X rays. However, while the more compact structure of the Crab Nebula
in X rays is commonly regarded as an effect of synchrotron downgrading, it
cannot be explained why a similar structure is present also at mm wavelengths,
where the electron lifetimes far exceed the nebular age. Our data, combined
with published upper limits on spatial variations of the radio spectral index,
also imply a low-energy cutoff for the distribution of electrons responsible
for this additional synchrotron component. Although no model has been developed
so far to explain the details of this component, one may verify that the total
number of the electrons responsible for it is in agreement with what predicted
by the classical pulsar-wind models, which otherwise are known to fail in
accounting for the number of radio emitting electrons. We have also detected a
spectral steepening at mm wavelengths in some elongated regions, whose
positions match those of radio synchrotron filaments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179397 </DOCNO>
Chiral corrections to kaon-nucleon scattering lengths


  We calculate the threshold T-matrices of kaon-nucleon and antikaon-nucleon
scattering to one loop order in SU(3) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory.
To that order the complex-valued isospin-1 $\overline KN$ threshold T-matrix
can be successfully predicted from the isospin-0 and 1 $KN$ threshold
T-matrices. As expected perturbation theory fails to explain the isospin-0
$\overline KN$ threshold T-matrix which is completely dominated by the nearby
subthreshold $\Lambda^*(1405)$-resonance. Cancelations of large terms of second
and third chiral order are observed as they seem to be typical for SU(3) baryon
chiral perturbation theory calculations. We also give the kaon and eta loop
corrections to the $\pi N$ scattering lengths and we investigate $\pi\Lambda$
scattering to one-loop order. The second order s-wave low-energy constants are
all of natural size and do not exceed 1 GeV$^{-1}$ in magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99060 </DOCNO>
Differential calculus on the h-superplane


  A non-commutative differential calculus on the $h$-superplane is presented
via a contraction of the $q$-superplane. An R-matrix which satisfies both
ungraded and graded Yang-Baxter equations is obtained and a new deformation of
the $(1+1)$ dimensional classical phase space (the super-Heisenberg algebra) is
introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85732 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Non-expanding Horizons and Their Neighborhoods


  This is a contribution to MG9 session BHT4. Certain geometrically
distinguished frame on a non-expanding horizon and in its space-time
neighborhood, as well as the Bondi-like coordinates are constructed. The
construction provides free degrees of freedom, invariants, and the existence
conditions for a Killing vector field. The reported results come from the joint
works with Ashtekar and Beetle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74833 </DOCNO>
On Big Bang Relics, the Neutrino Mass and the Spectrum of Cosmic Rays


  It is shown that high-energy features of the cosmic ray spectrum, in
particular the kink around 4 PeV and the corresponding change in spectral
index, may be explained from interactions between highly energetic cosmic
protons and relic Big Bang antineutrinos, if the latter have a rest mass of
about 0.4 eV/$c^2$. This explanation is supported by experimental data from
extensive air-shower experiments, and in particular by the observation (Fly's
Eye) of a second kink around 300 PeV, and by the abrupt change in the chemical
composition of the cosmic ray spectrum that occurs at that energy. Both facts
follow naturally from our theory, which predicts additional verifiable features
of the cosmic ray spectrum in the few-PeV region, e.g. an abrupt decrease
in the $p/\alpha$ ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41102 </DOCNO>
Discussion on the nucleon decay experiments


  The results of KGF experiments are compared with the results of Soudan 2 and
Frejus experiments and reasonable agreements are obtained. Nevertheless, the
results of Super-Kamiokande (SK) are somewhat different from the other
experiments and some points in SK are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1421 </DOCNO>
Phase Diagram of a Two-Species Lattice Model with a Linear Instability


  We review recent progress in understanding the full phase diagram of a
one-dimensional, driven, two-species lattice model [Lahiri and Ramaswamy, PRL
79 (1997) 1150] in which the mobility of each species depends on the density of
the other. The model shows three phases. The first is characterised by phase
separation of an exceptionally robust sort, termed Strong Phase Separation,
which survives at all temperature. The second phase has trivial static
correlations, but density fluctuations are transported by a pair of kinematic
waves involving both species. In the most interesting case, the two linearised
eigenmodes, although nonlinearly coupled, have different dynamic exponents. The
third ``phase'' arises at the phase boundary between the first two. Here, the
first species evolves autonomously, but its fluctuations influence the
evolution of the second, as in the passive scalar problem. The second species
then shows phase separation of a delicate sort, with density fluctuations
persisting even in the large-size limit. This fluctuation-dominated phase
ordering is associated with power law decays in cluster size distributions and
a breakdown of the Porod law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87159 </DOCNO>
Null Result for the Violation of Equivalence Principle with Free-Fall


  The differential acceleration between a rotating mechanical gyroscope and a
non-rotating one is directly measured by using a double free-fall
interferometer, and no apparent differential acceleration has been observed at
the relative level of 2x10{-6}. It means that the equivalence principle is
still valid for rotating extended bodies, i.e., the spin-gravity interaction
between the extended bodies has not been observed at this level. Also, to the
limit of our experimental sensitivity, there is no observed asymmetrical effect
or anti-gravity of the rotating gyroscopes as reported by hayasaka et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124784 </DOCNO>
VLT observations of the peculiar globular cluster NGC 6712, II:


  We have carried out extensive VLT-FORS1 observations covering a fair fraction
of the intermediate metallicity globular cluster NGC 6712 in the V and R bands.
We derive accurate colour-magnitude diagrammes (CMD) and luminosity functions
(LFs) of the cluster main sequence (MS) for four overlapping fields extending
from the centre of the cluster out to a radius of ~10', well beyond the nominal
tidal radius, and for a control field at ~42' distance. The LFs extend from the
cluster turn-off (TO) at M_R 4 to the point at which the incompleteness drops
below 50% (corresponding to R 23 or M_R 7.5) for most fields studied. Cluster
stars become indistinguishable from field stars at r 5'. The shape of the
cluster's LF and its variation with distance from the centre in these ranges
are well described by a standard multi-mass static model having the following
parameters: core radius r_c=1', half-light radius r_hl=1.8', tidal radius
r_t=5.2', concentration ratio c=0.7, and a power-law global mass function (MF)
with index alpha 0.9 for masses smaller than 0.8 Msolar, i.e. for all detected
MS stars, and alpha -2.35 for evolved objects. The MF obtained in this way is
consistent with that found in a preliminary investigation of this cluster with
the VLT Test Camera and confirms that this is the only globular cluster known
so far for which the global MF drops with decreasing mass below the TO.
Possible reasons for this unique characteristic are discussed with the most
likely associated with its extreme vulnerability to tidal disruption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4759 </DOCNO>
Maximum occupation number for composite boson states


  Textbooks on quantum mechanics teach that fermionic states have a maximum
occupation number of one, whereas the occupation number of bosonic states is
unlimited. However, if the boson is actually a many-fermion state (e.g. an
atom), the Pauli principle results in a maximum occupation number for the
bosonic state, even if one neglects any interaction between the bosons. Now
that condensates have been created of billions of atoms, one can ask how far we
are from reaching that upper limit.
  The maximum occupation number can be calculated from the ground-state energy
of a fermionic generalized pairing problem. A very accurate analytical estimate
of this eigenvalue is derived. From that a general expression is obtained for
the maximum occupation number of a composite boson state. As an illustration we
apply the formalism to Gaussian wave functions, alkali atoms in a harmonic trap
and excitons in a semiconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1121 </DOCNO>
Model for Glass Transition in a Binary fluid from a Mode Coupling


  We consider the Mode Coupling Theory (MCT) of Glass transition for a Binary
fluid. The Equations of Nonlinear Fluctuating Hydrodynamics are obtained with a
proper choice of the slow variables corresponding to the conservation laws. The
resulting model equations are solved in the long time limit to locate the
dynamic transition. The transition point from our model is considerably higher
than predicted in existing MCT models for binary systems. This is in agreement
with what is seen in Computer Simulation of binary fluids. fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125181 </DOCNO>
Photometric Variability in the Ultracool Dwarf BRI 0021-0214: Possible


  We report CCD photometric monitoring of the nonemission ultracool dwarf BRI
0021-0214 (M9.5) obtained during 10 nights in 1995 November and 4 nights in
1996 August, with CCD cameras at 1 m class telescopes on the observatories of
the Canary Islands. We present differential photometry of BRI 0021-0214, and we
report significant variability in the I-band light curve obtained in 1995. A
periodogram analysis finds a strong peak at a period of 0.84 day. This
modulation appears to be transient because it is present in the 1995 data but
not in the 1996 data. We also find a possible period of 0.20 day, which appears
to be present in both the 1995 and 1996 datasets. However, we do not find any
periodicity close to the rotation period expected from the spectroscopic
rotational broadening (< 0.14 day). BRI 0021-0214 is a very inactive object,
with extremely low levels of Halpha and X-ray emission. Thus, it is unlikely
that magnetically induced cool spots can account for the photometric
variability. The photometric variability of BRI 0021-0214 could be explained by
the presence of an active meteorology that leads to inhomogeneous clouds on the
surface. The lack of photometric modulation at the expected rotational period
suggests that the pattern of surface features may be more complicated than
previously anticipated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77096 </DOCNO>
Inconsistencies of Massive Charged Gravitating Higher Spins


  We examine the causality and degrees of freedom (DoF) problems encountered by
charged, gravitating, massive higher spin fields. For spin s=3/2, making the
metric dynamical yields improved causality bounds. These involve only the mass,
the product eM_P of the charge and Planck mass and the cosmological constant
\Lambda. The bounds are themselves related to a gauge invariance of the
timelike component of the field equation at the onset of acausality. While
propagation is causal in arbitrary E/M backgrounds, the allowed mass ranges of
parameters are of Planck order. Generically, interacting spins s>3/2 are
subject to DoF violations as well as to acausality; the former must be overcome
before analysis of the latter can even begin. Here we review both difficulties
for charged s=2 and show that while a g-factor of 1/2 solves the DoF problem,
acausality persists for any g. Separately we establish that no s=2 theory --DoF
preserving or otherwise -- can be tree unitary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123574 </DOCNO>
Using Gravitational Lensing to study HI clouds at high redshift


  We investigate the possibility of detecting HI emission from gravitationally
lensed HI clouds (akin to damped Lyman-$\alpha$ clouds) at high redshift by
carrying out deep radio observations in the fields of known cluster lenses.
Such observations will be possible with present radio telescopes only if the
lens substantially magnifies the flux of the HI emission. While at present this
holds the only possibility of detecting the HI emission from such clouds, it
has the disadvantage of being restricted to clouds that lie very close to the
caustics of the lens. We find that observations at a detection threshold of 50
micro Jy at 320 MHz (possible with the GMRT) have a greater than 20%
probability of detecting an HI cloud in the field of a cluster, provided the
clouds have HI masses in the range 5 X 10^8 M_{\odot} < M_{HI} < 2.5 X 10^{10}
M_{\odot}. The probability of detecting a cloud increases if they have larger
HI masses, except in the cases where the number of HI clouds in the cluster
field becomes very small. The probability of a detection at 610 MHz and 233 MHz
is comparable to that at 320 MHz, though a definitive statement is difficult
owing to uncertainties in the HI content at the redshifts corresponding to
these frequencies. Observations at a detection threshold of 2 micro Jy
(possible in the future with the SKA) are expected to detect a few HI clouds in
the field of every cluster provided the clouds have HI masses in the range 2 X
10^7 M_{\odot} < M_{HI} < 10^9 M_{\odot}. Even if such observations do not
result in the detection of HI clouds, they will be able to put useful
constraints on the HI content of the clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87268 </DOCNO>
Pair of null gravitating shells II. Canonical theory and embedding


  The study of the two shell system started in our first paper ``Pair of null
gravitating shells I'' (gr-qc/0112060) is continued. An action functional for a
single shell due to Louko, Whiting and Friedman is generalized to give
appropriate equations of motion for two and, in fact, any number of spherically
symmetric null shells, including the cases when the shells intersect. In order
to find the symplectic structure for the space of solutions described in paper
I, the pull back to the constraint surface of the Liouville form determined by
the action is transformed into new variables. They consist of Dirac
observables, embeddings and embedding momenta (the so-called Kucha\v{r}
decomposition). The calculation includes the integration of a set of coupled
partial differential equations. A general method of solving the equations is
worked out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168218 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics vs. local realism, is that the question?


  The conjecture is made that quantum mechanics is compatible with local hidden
variables (or local realism). The conjecture seems to be ruled out by the
theoretical argument of Bell, but it is supported by the empirical fact that
nobody has been able to perform a loophole-free test of local realism in spite
of renewed effort during almost 40 years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6348 </DOCNO>
Soliton excitations in halogen-bridged mixed-valence binuclear metal


  Motivated by recent stimulative observations in halogen (X)-bridged binuclear
transition-metal (M) complexes, which are referred to as MMX chains, we study
solitons in a one-dimensional three-quarter-filled charge-density-wave system
with both intrasite and intersite electron-lattice couplings. Two distinct
ground states of MMX chains are reproduced and the soliton excitations on them
are compared. In the weak-coupling region, all the solitons are degenerate to
each other and are uniquely scaled by the band gap, whereas in the
strong-coupling region, they behave differently deviating from the scenario in
the continuum limit. The soliton masses are calculated and compared with those
for conventional mononuclear MX chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127713 </DOCNO>
Parsec-scale structure in galactic disk and halo, from diffuse radio


  We present multi-frequency polarization observations of the diffuse radio
synchrotron background modulated by Faraday rotation. No total intensity is
observed, indicating that total intensity does not vary on scales below
approximately a degree. However, polarized intensity and polarization angle
show abundant small-scale structure due to Faraday rotation in the warm ionized
disk on small scales. The distribution of Rotation Measures enables us to
estimate structure in magnetic field, weighted with electron density, in the
warm ionized disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3105 </DOCNO>
Single crystal MgB2 with anisotropic superconducting properties


  The discovery of superconductor in magnesium diboride MgB2 with high Tc (39
K) has raised some challenging issues; whether this new superconductor
resembles a high temperature cuprate superconductor(HTS) or a low temperature
metallic superconductor; which superconducting mechanism, a phonon- mediated
BCS or a hole superconducting mechanism or other new exotic mechanism may
account for this superconductivity; and how about its future for applications.
In order to clarify the above questions, experiments using the single crystal
sample are urgently required. Here we have first succeeded in obtaining the
single crystal of this new MgB2 superconductivity, and performed its electrical
resistance and magnetization measurements. Their experiments show that the
electronic and magnetic properties depend on the crystallographic direction.
Our results indicate that the single crystal MgB2 superconductor shows
anisotropic superconducting properties and thus can provide scientific basis
for the research of its superconducting mechanism and its applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179190 </DOCNO>
Extend Brown-Rho Scaling Law with QCD Sum Rules


  The scalar and vector self-energies obtained through QCD sum rules are
introduced in Quantum Hadrodynamics (QHD) equations. The results indicate that
the ratios of coupling constants to respective meson mass have a very small
dependence on density. Then, an extended Brown-Rho scaling law is conjectured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123614 </DOCNO>
Quasars in the 2MASS Second Incremental Data Release


  Using the 2MASS Second Incremental Data Release, we have searched for near
infrared counterparts to 13214 quasars from the Veron-Cetty & Veron(2000)
catalog. We have detected counterparts within 4 arcsec for 2277 of the
approximately 6320 quasars within the area covered by the 2MASS Second
Incremental Data Release. Only 1.6% of these are expected to be chance
coincidences. Though this sample is heterogeneous, we find that known
radio-loud quasars are more likely to have large near-infrared-to-optical
luminosity ratios than radio-quiet quasars are, at a statistically significant
level. This is consistent with dust-reddened quasars being more common in
radio-selected samples than in optically-selected samples, due to stronger
selection effects against dust-reddened quasars in the latter. We also find a
statistically significant dearth of optically luminous quasars with large
near-infrared-to-optical luminosity ratios. This can be explained in a dust
obscuration model but not in a model where synchrotron emission extends from
the radio into the near-infrared and creates such large ratios. We also find
that selection of quasar candidates from the B-J/J-K color-color diagram,
modelled on the V-J/J-K selection method of Warren, Hewett & Foltz (2000), is
likely to be more sensitive to dust-obscured quasars than selection using only
infrared-infrared colors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 685 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional electron crystals in single and double layers


  We present results of Monte-Carlo simulations for finite 2D single and
bilayer systems. Strong Coulomb correlations lead to arrangement of particles
in configurations resembling a crystal lattice. For binary layers, there exists
a particularly rich variety of lattice symmetries which depend on the
interlayer separation $d$. We demonstrate that in these mesoscopic lattices
there exist two fundamental types of ordering: radial and orientational. The
dependence of the melting temperature on $d$ is analyzed, and a stabilization
of the crystal compared to a single layer is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6907 </DOCNO>
Topological excitation in the Fractional Quantum Hall system


  Two kinds of topological excitations, vortices and skyrmions, are studied in
the frame of Ginzburg-Landau theory. We obtain the rigorous relation between
the topological excitation and the order parameters in the fractional quantum
Hall systems. We also discuss the evolution of the vortices in fractional
quantum Hall systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114448 </DOCNO>
Linux-Based Toolkit in the VEPP-4 Control System


  The control system of the VEPP-4 facility was designed more than fifteen
years ago and based on the home-developed CAMAC-embedded minicomputers Odrenok
[1]. Five years ago, all computers were connected via Ethernet network. This
step allowed us to force an integration of PCs into the VEPP-4 control system.
This paper reviews new tools running on the PCs under Linux. The beam
diagnostics tool described in this paper provides the data about position and
dimensions of e-/e+ beams from CCD matrix controller via 100-Mbit Ethernet. The
next tool provides measuring of beam energy at the VEPP-4M collider using a
well-known method of resonance depolarization by the observation of the
polarization degree on the effect of internal scattering of particles. Data
visualization tools are based on CERN ROOT framework. Hardware and software
aspects of the systems are presented in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81342 </DOCNO>
A nonperturbative determination of the O(a) improvement coefficient c_A


  We report on an investigation of the LANL method for determining the O(a)
improvement coefficient c_A nonperturbatively. We find we are able to extract
reliable estimates for the coefficient using this method. However, our study of
systematic errors shows that for very accurate determinations of c_A, the
smearing function must be tuned and the volume fixed to keep the O(a) ambiguity
in c_A fixed as beta varies. Consistency was found with previous results from
the LANL group and (within fairly large errors) 1-loop perturbation theory; c_A
does not change significantly over the range beta=5.93-6.2. The big difference
between our results and those of the ALPHA collaboration, around beta=6.0, show
that the O(a) differences in c_A between the different methods can be large. We
find that the lattice spacing dependence of f_pi and the renormalised quark
mass is much smaller using our values of the coefficient compared to those of
the ALPHA collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127486 </DOCNO>
The Heating of the ICM: Energy Crisis and viable solutions


  X-ray observations indicate that non-gravitational processes play a key role
in the thermodynamics of the Intra Cluster Medium (ICM). The effect of
non-gravitational processes is imprinted in the ICM as an entropy minimum,
whose effects are visible in the Luminosity-Temperature relation and in the
Entropy-Temperature relation. However, the X-ray emission alone cannot
discriminate between different mechanisms and sources of heating. There are no
answers at present to the following questions: how much non-gravitational
energy per baryons is present in the ICM? When was this energy injected? Which
are the sources of heating? The embarrassment in front of these questions is
amplified by the fact that the most viable sources of heating, SNae and stellar
winds, seem to be inefficient in bringing the ICM to the observed entropy
level. We may call it the energy crisis. Here we review the main aspects of
this crisis, listing possible solutions, including other sources, like AGNs and
Radio Galaxies, or other mechanisms, like large scale shocks and selective
cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123793 </DOCNO>
Gas Mass Fractions and the Evolution of LSB Dwarf Galaxies


  The optical and HI properties for a sample of low surface brightness (LSB)
dwarf galaxies, cataloged from the Second Palomar Sky Survey, is presented. Gas
mass fractions for LSB dwarfs reach the highest levels of any know galaxy type
(f_g=95%) confirming that their low stellar densities are due to inefficient
conversion of gas mass into stellar mass. Comparison with star formation models
indicates that the blue optical colors of LSB dwarfs is not due to low
metallicity or recent star formation and can only be explained by a dominant
stellar population that is less than 5 Gyrs in mean age. If star formation
occurs in OB complexes, similar to normal galaxies, then LSB dwarfs must
undergo weak bursts traveling over the extent of the galaxy to maintain their
LSB nature, which contributes to their irregular morphological appearance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81386 </DOCNO>
Relativistic bottomonium spectrum from anisotropic lattices


  We report on our results from a fully relativistic simulation of the quenched
bottomonium spectrum. Using an anisotropic formulation of Lattice QCD, we were
able to retain a very fine resolution into the temporal direction for a range
of different lattice spacings. At fixed renormalized anisotropy we study the
scaling properties of the spectrum and compare our results with
non-relativistic calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4434 </DOCNO>
Thermal Properties of Heavy Fermion Compound YbP


  Low-temperature specific heat and its field-dependence up to 16 T was
measured in a stoichiometric single crystal of YbP. A sharp peak was observed
at {\it T}$_{\rm N}$ = 0.53 K in zero magnetic field. Application of external
field seems to induce a new magnetic phase above 11 T. The field dependence of
the transition temperature in the high-field phase is different from that of
the low field phase. The linear coefficient of the electronic specific heat is
estimated as 120 mJ/mole K$^{2}$ from low temperature specfic heat, suggesting
heavy Fermion state in YbP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98580 </DOCNO>
Deformation types of real and complex manifolds


  The Leit-Faden of the article (which is partially a survey) is a negative
answer to the question whether, for a compact complex manifold which is a
$K(\pi, 1)$ the diffeomorphism type determines the deformation type. We show
that a deformation in the large of complex tori is again a complex torus, and
then that the same holds for products of a torus with a curve of genus $g\geq
2$. Together with old results of Blanchard, Calabi, and Sommese, who showed the
existence of non K\"ahler complex structures on the product of a curve with a
two dimensional complex torus, this gives the first counterexamples. We
generalize these constructions and we study the small deformations of what we
call Blanchard-Calabi 3-folds. These give infinitely many deformation
components. We give also a criterion for a complex manifold to be a complex
torus, namely, to have the same integral cohomology algebra of a complex torus,
and to possess $n$ independent holomorphic and d-closed 1-forms. As a
corollary, we give a classification of deformation types of real tori. We
illustrate then simple new examples of the author of surfaces of general type
which are $K(\pi, 1)$'s, and for which there are, for a fixed differentiable
structure, two different deformation types. These surfaces are quotients of
products of curves, and the moduli space for the fixed topological type has two
connected components, exchanged by complex conjugation. We also report, after
an elementary introduction to the problem, on recent results of the author and
P. Frediani on the Enriques classification of real surfaces (namely, the
classification of real hyperelliptic surfaces).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97962 </DOCNO>
On spectral Cantor measures


  A probability measure in R^d is called a spectral measure if it has an
orthonormal basis consisting of exponentials. In this paper we study spectral
Cantor measures. We establish a large class of such measures and give a
necessary and sufficient condition on the spectrum of a spectral Cantor
measure. This extends the earlier results of Jorgensen-Pedersen and Strichartz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72498 </DOCNO>
Non-Annihilation Processes, Fermion-Loop and QED Radiation


  The bulk of large radiative corrections to any process can be obtained by
promoting coupling constants to be running ones and by including QED radiation
at the leading logarithmic level via structure functions evoluted at some
scale. The problem of fixing the proper scale in running coupling constants and
in structure functions for non-annihilation processes is briefly addressed and
the general solution is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148689 </DOCNO>
Large gauge invariance and finite temperature


  In this talk, I summarize the status of our understanding of the puzzle of
large gauge invariance at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86412 </DOCNO>
Covariant Formulation of the Invariant Measure for the Mixmaster


  We provide a Hamiltonian analysis of the Mixmaster Universe dynamics showing
the covariant nature of its chaotic behavior with respect to any choice of time
variable. We construct the appropriate invariant measure for the system (which
relies on the existence of an ``energy-like'' constant of motion) without
fixing the time gauge, i.e. the corresponding lapse function. The key point in
our analysis consists of introducing generic Misner-Chitr\'e-like variables
containing an arbitrary function, whose specification allows one to set up the
same dynamical scheme in any time gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126719 </DOCNO>
Structure Formation and the Time Dependence of Quintessence


  We discuss the influence of dark energy on structure formation, especially
the effects on \sigma_8. Our interest is particularly focused on quintessence
models with time-dependent equation of state and non-negligible quintessence
component in the early universe. We obtain an analytic expression for \sigma_8
valid for a large class of dark energy models. We conclude that structure
formation is a good indicator for the history of dark energy and use our
results to set constraints on quintessence models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 623 </DOCNO>
Field theory for generalized Shastry-Sutherland models


  We consider the bosonic dimer representation for Generalized
Shastry-Sutherland models that have the same symmetries as the original
Shastry-Sutherland model and preserve the exact dimer eigenstate. Various
phases with differing types of magnetic order are found within mean-field
theory for the corresponding low-energy effective dimer field theory.
Transitions are allowed between any of these mean-field phases, which are dimer
bose condensates, and with the dimer phase, which is the dimer bose vacuum. The
Neel state, absent from this mean-field study, is described as a bosonic Mott
insulator induced by the coupling to the underlying lattice. Moreover, dimer
bose condensates with local Neel order are found to be unstable to spiral
states. Instead of a direct phase transition between the dimer and the Neel
phases, we propose an intermediate weakly incommensurate spin-density wave
(WISDW) phase. The stability of the mean-field transitions is studied by
renormalization techniques in d=2, the upper critical dimension. While the
transition from the Neel phase is found to be stable, the transition point from
the dimer phase is not perturbatively accessible. We argue that the latter
renormalization results point to the possibility of an intermediate phase of a
different kind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75026 </DOCNO>
Bi-maximal neutrino mixing and small U_{e3} from Abelian flavor symmetry


  Atmospheric neutrino data strongly suggests a near-maximal \nu_\mu-\nu_{\tau}
mixing and also solar neutrino data can be nicely explained by another
near-maximal \nu_e-\nu_{\mu} or \nu_e-\nu_{\tau} mixing. We examine the
possibility that this bi-maximal mixing of atmospheric and solar neutrinos
arises naturally, while keeping U_{e3} and \Delta m^2_{sol}/\Delta m^2_{atm}
small enough, as a consequence of Abelian flavor symmetry. Two simple scenarios
of Abelian flavor symmetry within supersymmetric framework are considered to
obtain the desired form of the neutrino mass matrix and the charged lepton mass
matrix parameterized by the Cabibbo angle \lambda\approx 0.2. Future
experiments at a neutrino factory measuring the size of U_{e3} and the sign of
\Delta m^2_{32} could discriminate those scenarios as they predict distinctive
values of U_{e3} in connection with \Delta m^2_{sol}/\Delta m^2_{atm} and also
with the order of the neutrino mass eigenvalues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114000 </DOCNO>
Semi-classical Over Barrier Model for low-velocity ion-atom charge


  We develop an Over Barrier Model for computing charge exchange between ions
and one-active-electron atoms at low impact energies. The main feature of the
model is the treatment of the barrier crossing process by the electron within a
simplified quantum mechanical formulation which takes into account: (a) the
probability of electron reflection even for over-barrier scattering, and (b)
the discreteness of the receiving atom's quantum levels which strongly suppress
captures far from the resonance condition. It is shown that inclusion of these
effects yields a fairly good prediction of experimental data. We discuss also
the probability of electron re-capture by the target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86671 </DOCNO>
Spherically Symmetric solutions in Multidimensional Gravity with the


  The multidimensional gravity on the principal bundle with the SU(2) gauge
group is considered. The numerical investigation of the spherically symmetric
metrics with the center of symmetry is made. The solution of the gravitational
equations depends on the boundary conditions of the ``SU(2) gauge potential''
(off-diagonal metric components) at the symmetry center and on the type of
symmetry (symmetrical or antisymmetrical) of these potentials. In the chosen
range of the boundary conditions it is shown that there are two types of
solutions: wormhole-like and flux tube. The physical application of such kind
of solutions as quantum handles in a spacetime foam is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86854 </DOCNO>
Regular Sources of the Kerr-Schild class for Rotating and Nonrotating


  A unified approach to regular interiors of black holes with smooth matter
distributions in the core region is given. The approach is based on a class of
Kerr-Schild metrics representing minimal deformations of the Kerr-Newman
solution, and allows us to give a common treatment for (charged and uncharged)
rotating and nonrotating black holes. It is shown that the requirement of
smoothness of the source constraints the structure of the core region in many
respects: in particular, for Schwarzschild holes a de Sitter core can be
selected, which is surrounded by a smooth shell giving a leading contribution
to the total mass of the source. In the rotating, noncharged case the source
has a similar structure, taking the form of a (anisotropic and rotating) de
Sitter-like core surrounded by a rotating elliptic shell. The Kerr singular
ring is regularized by anisotropic matter rotating in the equatorial plane, so
that the negative sheet of the Kerr geometry is absent. In the charged case the
sources take the form of ``bags'', which can have de Sitter or anti de Sitter
interiors and a smooth domain wall boundary, with a tangential stress providing
charge confinement. The ADM and Tolman relations are used to calculate the
total mass of the sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168947 </DOCNO>
On the structure of covariant phase observables


  We study the mathematical structure of covariant phase observables. Such an
observable can alternatively be expressed as a phase matrix, as a sequence of
unit vectors, as a sequence of phase states, or as an equivalent class of
covariant trace-preserving operations. Covariant generalized operator measures
are defined by structure matrices which form a W*-algebra with phase matrices
as its subset. The properties of the Radon-Nikodym derivatives of phase
probability measures are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76202 </DOCNO>
Baryon Number Violation in Particle Decays


  It has been argued in the past that in baryogenesis via out-of-equilibrium
decays one must consider loop diagrams that contain more than one baryon number
violating coupling. In this note we argue that the requirement with regard to
baryon number violating couplings in loop diagrams is that the interaction
between the intermediate on-shell particles and the final particles should
correspond to a net change in baryon number and that this can be satisfied even
if the loop diagram contains only one baryon number violating coupling. Put
simply, we show that to create a baryon asymmetry there should be net B
violation to the right of the `cut' in the loop diagram. This is of relevance
to some earlier works involving the out-of-equilibrium decay scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125276 </DOCNO>
Detection of Pulsed X-ray Emission from The Fastest Millisecond Pulsar


  We have detected pulsed X-ray emission from the fastest millisecond pulsar
known, PSR B1937+21 (P=1.558 msec), with ASCA. The pulsar is detected as a
point source above $\sim 1.7$ keV, with no indication of nebulosity. The source
flux in the 2--10 keV band is found to be $f = (3.7\pm 0.6) \times 10^{-13}$
erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$, which implies an isotropic luminosity of $L_{\rm x} = 4
\pi D^2 f \sim (5.7\pm 1.0) \times 10^{32} ~(D/3.6 {\rm kpc})^2$ erg s$^{-1}$,
where D is the distance, and an X-ray efficiency of $\sim 5 \times 10^{-4}$
relative to the spin-down power of the pulsar.
  The pulsation is found at the period predicted by the radio ephemeris with a
very narrow primary peak, the width of which is about 1/16 phase ($\sim 100 
\mu$s), near the time resolution limit ($61 \mu$s) of the observation. The
instantaneous flux in the primary peak (1/16 phase interval) is found to be
($4.0\pm 0.8) \times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$. Although there is an
indication for the secondary peak, we consider its statistical significance too
low to claim a definite detection.
  The narrow pulse profile and the detection in the 2--10 keV band imply that
the X-ray emission is caused by the magnetospheric particle acceleration.
Comparison of X-ray and radio arrival times of pulses indicates, within the
timing errors, that the X-ray pulse is coincident with the radio interpulse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72869 </DOCNO>
4-Neutrino mass schemes and the likelihood of (3+1)-mass spectra


  We examine the (3+1)-class of 4-neutrino mass spectra within a rigorous
statistical analysis based on the Bayesian approach to probability. The data of
the Bugey, CDHS and KARMEN experiments are combined by using a likelihood
function. Our statistical approach allows us to incorporate solar and
atmospheric neutrino data and also the result of the CHOOZ experiment via
inequalities which involve elements of the neutrino mixing matrix and are
derived from these data. For any short-baseline $\Delta m^2$ we calculate a
bound on the LSND transition amplitude $A_{\mu;e}$ and find that, in the
$\Delta m^2$--$A_{\mu;e}$ plane, there is no overlap between the 99% CL region
allowed by the latest LSND analysis and the region allowed by our bound on
$A_{\mu;e}$ at 95% CL; there are some small overlap regions if we take the
bound at 99% CL. Therefore, we conclude that, with the existing data, the
(3+1)-neutrino mass spectra are not very likely. However, treating the
(2+2)-spectra with our method, we find that they are well compatible with all
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74641 </DOCNO>
Hard colour singlet exchange at the Tevatron from the BFKL equation


  We study rapidity gaps between jets in ppbar collisions at the Tevatron by a
novel solution of the nonforward BFKL equation including nonleading effects
through the consistency constraint and running coupling. Results differ from
earlier calculations based on the asymptotic Mueller-Tang formula, but agree
with D0 data when including full event simulation using PYTHIA to model the gap
survival probability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174773 </DOCNO>
$\Sigma^-$ Photoproduction on the Neutron: Results from CLAS


  As part of a broader study of kaon photoproduction on deuterium, the $\gamma
n \to K^{+} \Sigma^{-} $ channel was investigated. The data were acquired at
Jefferson Lab using the CLAS detector and the Photon-Tagging Facility installed
in Hall B.
  The photon energy range covered was from 0.50 to 2.95 GeV. For the present
analysis, the $\gamma n \to K^{+} \Sigma^{-}$ channel was identified by
detecting the positive kaon in coincidence with both decay products of the
$\Sigma^-$ hyperon, $\pi^-$ and $n$. Preliminary differential cross--sections
are shown as a function of the invariant energy W and the kaon polar angle in
the center of mass system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99029 </DOCNO>
Cactus Trees, and Estimations of the Spectral Radius of


  This paper gives lower bounds on the spectral radius of vertex-transitive
graphs, based on the number of ``prime cycles'' at a vertex. The bounds are
obtained by constructing circuits in the graph that resemble ``cactus trees'',
and enumerating them. Counting these circuits gives a coefficient-wise
underestimation of the Green function of the graph, and hence and
underestimation of its spectral radius.
  The bounds obtained are very good for the Cayley graph of surface groups of
genus g>=2, with standard generators (these graphs are the 1-skeletons of
tessellations of hyperbolic plane by 4g-gons, 4g per vertex). We have for
example for g=2
  0.662420<=|M|<=0.662816, and for g=3
  0.552773<=|M|<=0.552792.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75951 </DOCNO>
Big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on bulk neutrinos


  We examine the constraints imposed by the requirement of successful big bang
nucleosynthesis on models with one large extra dimension and a single bulk
neutrino. We solve the Boltzman kinetic equations for the thermal distribution
of bulk neutrino modes and evaluate their contribution to the energy density of
the universe at the BBN epoch. This helps us to constrain the size of the extra
dimensions and the mixing parameter between the active and bulk neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168877 </DOCNO>
Quantum Measurement of a Single Spin using Magnetic Resonance Force


  Single-spin detection is one of the important challenges facing the
development of several new technologies, e.g. single-spin transistors and
solid-state quantum computation. Magnetic resonance force microscopy with a
cyclic adiabatic inversion, which utilizes a cantilever oscillations driven by
a single spin, is a promising technique to solve this problem. We have studied
the quantum dynamics of a single spin interacting with a quasiclassical
cantilever. It was found that in a similar fashion to the Stern-Gerlach
interferometer the quantum dynamics generates a quantum superposition of two
quasiclassical trajectories of the cantilever which are related to the two spin
projections on the direction of the effective magnetic field in the rotating
reference frame. Our results show that quantum jumps will not prevent a
single-spin measurement if the coupling between the cantilever vibrations and
the spin is small in comparison with the amplitude of the radio-frequency
external field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127451 </DOCNO>
The Dust Opacity of Star-Forming Galaxies


  Presence of dust in galaxies removes half or more of the stellar energy from
the UV-optical budget of the Universe and has profound impact on our
understanding of how galaxies evolve. Measures of opacity in local galaxies are
reviewed together with widely used theoretical and empirical methods for
quantifying its effects. Existing evidence shows that the dust content of
nearby galaxies depends not only on their morphology, but also on their
luminosity and activity level. A digression is devoted to starbursts in view of
their potential relevance for measures of opacity in distant galaxies. Scarcity
of coherent multiwavelength datasets hampers our ability to derive reliable
obscuration estimates in intermediate and high redshift galaxies. This, in
turn, limits the reliability of inferred physical quantities, such as star
formation rates, stellar population ages, galaxy luminosity functions, and
others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6244 </DOCNO>
Coordinated Slowing of Metabolism in Enteric Bacteria under Nitrogen


  It is natural to ask how bacteria coordinate metabolism when depletion of an
essential nutrient limits their growth, and they must slow their entire rate of
biosynthesis. A major nutrient with a fluctuating abundance is nitrogen. The
growth rate of enteric bacteria under nitrogen-limiting conditions is known to
correlate with the internal concentration of free glutamine, the glutamine
pool. Here we compare the patterns of utilization of L-glutamine and
L-glutamate, the two central intermediates of nitrogen metabolism. Monomeric
precursors of all of the cell's macromolecules -- proteins, nucleic acids, and
surface polymers -- require the amide group of glutamine at the first dedicated
step of biosynthesis. This is the case even though only a minority (~12%) of
total cell nitrogen derives from glutamine. In contrast, the amino group of
glutamate, which provides the remainder of cell nitrogen, is generally required
late in biosynthetic pathways, e.g. in transaminase reactions for amino acid
synthesis. We propose that the pattern of glutamine dependence coordinates the
decrease in biosynthesis under conditions of nitrogen limitation. Hence, the
glutamine pool plays a global regulatory role in the cell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98604 </DOCNO>
The Mori cones of moduli spaces of pointed curves of small genus


  We compute the Mori cone of curves of the moduli space \M_{g,n} of stable
n-pointed curves of genus g in the case when g and n are relatively small. For
instance, we show that for g<14 every curve in \M_g is numerically equivalent
to an effective sum of 1-strata (loci of curves with 3g-4 nodes). We also prove
that the nef cone of \M_{0,6} is composed of 11 natural subcones all contained
in the convex hull of boundary classes. We apply this result to classify the
fibrations of the moduli space of rational curves with n<7 marked points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75045 </DOCNO>
The Superfluid and Conformal Phase Transitions of Two-Color QCD


  The phase structure of two-color QCD is examined as a function of the
chemical potential and the number of light quark flavors. We consider effective
Lagrangians for two-color QCD containing the Goldstone excitations, spin-one
particles and negative intrinsic parity terms. We discuss the possibility of a
conformal phase transition and the enhancement of the global symmetries as the
number of flavors is increased. The effects of a quark chemical potential on
the spin-one particles and on the negative intrinsic parity terms are analyzed.
It is shown that the phase diagram that is predicted by the linearly realized
effective Lagrangian at tree-level matches exactly that predicted by chiral
perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174632 </DOCNO>
x- and xi-scaling of the Nuclear Structure Function at Large x


  Inclusive electron scattering data are presented for ^2H and Fe targets at an
incident electron energy of 4.045 GeV for a range of momentum transfers from
Q^2 = 1 to 7 (GeV/c)^2. Data were taken at Jefferson Laboratory for low values
of energy loss, corresponding to values of Bjorken x greater than or near 1.
The structure functions do not show scaling in x in this range, where inelastic
scattering is not expected to dominate the cross section. The data do show
scaling, however, in the Nachtmann variable \xi. This scaling may be the result
of Bloom Gilman duality in the nucleon structure function combined with the
Fermi motion of the nucleons in the nucleus. The resulting extension of scaling
to larger values of \xi opens up the possibility of accessing nuclear structure
functions in the high-x region at lower values of Q^2 than previously believed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127916 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Stream-Core Interaction in the Slow


  We present detailed simulations of the interaction of a stream emanating from
a mass-losing secondary with the core of a massive supergiant in the slow
merger of the two stars inside a common envelope. The dynamics of the stream
can be divided into a ballistic phase, starting at the L_1 point, and a
hydrodynamical phase where the stream interacts strongly with the core.
Considering the merger of a 1 and 5Msun star with a 20Msun evolved supergiant,
we present two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations using the PROMETHEUS code
to demonstrate how the penetration depth and post-impact conditions depend on
the initial properties of stream material (e.g. entropy, angular momentum,
stream width) and the properties of the core (e.g. density structure and
rotation rate). Using these results, we present a fitting formula for the
entropy generated in the stream--core interaction and a recipe for the
determination of the penetration depth based on a modified Bernoulli integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126992 </DOCNO>
Revisiting the Open Cluster M35


  We present a photometric and spectroscopic study of the young open cluster
M35, including very deep and accurate photometry of the stellar (including
white dwarfs) and substellar population of the cluster, a complete mass
function, rotational and radial velocities, and lithium abundances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128962 </DOCNO>
Chandra Detection of a TypeII Quasar at z=3.288


  We report on observations of a TypeII quasar at redshift z=3.288, identified
as a hard X-ray source in a 185 ks observation with the Chandra X-ray
Observatory and as a high-redshift photometric candidate from deep, multiband
optical imaging. CXOJ084837.9+445352 (hereinafter CXO52) shows an unusually
hard X-ray spectrum from which we infer an absorbing column density N(H) =
(4.8+/-2.1)e23 / cm2 (90% confidence) and an implied unabsorbed 2-10 keV
rest-frame luminosity of L(2-10) = 3.3e44 ergs/s, well within the quasar
regime. Hubble Space Telescope imaging shows CXO52 to be elongated with slight
morphological differences between the WFPC2 F814W and NICMOS F160W bands.
Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of CXO52 show high-ionization emission
lines with velocity widths ~1000 km/s and flux ratios similar to a Seyfert2
galaxy or radio galaxy. The latter are the only class of high-redshift TypeII
luminous AGN which have been extensively studied to date. Unlike radio
galaxies, however, CXO52 is radio quiet, remaining undetected at radio
wavelengths to fairly deep limits, f(4.8GHz) < 40 microJy. High-redshift TypeII
quasars, expected from unification models of active galaxies and long-thought
necessary to explain the X-ray background, are poorly constrained
observationally with few such systems known. We discuss recent observations of
similar TypeII quasars and detail search techniques for such systems: namely
(1) X-ray selection, (2) radio selection, (3) multi-color imaging selection,
and (4) narrow-band imaging selection. Such studies are likely to begin
identifying luminous, high-redshift TypeII systems in large numbers. We discuss
the prospects for these studies and their implications to our understanding of
the X-ray background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168562 </DOCNO>
Generation of bright squeezed light at 1.06 $\mu m$ using cascaded


  We have used an ultra-low threshold continuous-wave Optical Parametric
Oscillator (OPO) to reduce the quantum fluctuations of the reflected pump beam
below the shot noise limit. The OPO consisted of a triply resonant cavity
containing a Periodically-Poled Lithium Niobate crystal pumped by a Nd:YAG
laser and giving signal and idler wavelengths close to 2.12 microns and a
threshold as low as 300 microwatts. We detected the quantum fluctuations of the
pump beam reflected by the OPO using a slightly modified homodyne detection
technique. The measured noise reduction was 30 % (inferred noise reduction at
the output of the OPO 38 %).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124485 </DOCNO>
The Departure of Eta Carinae from Axisymmetry and the Binary Hypothesis


  I argue that the large scale departure from axisymmetry of the Eta Carinae
nebula can be explained by the binary stars model of Eta Carinae. The companion
diverts the wind blown by the primary star, by accreting from the wind and
possibly by blowing its own collimated fast wind (CFW). The effect of these
processes depends on the orbital separation, hence on the orbital phase of the
eccentric orbit. The variation of the mass outflow from the binary system with
the orbital phase leads to a large-scale departure from axisymmetry along the
equatorial plane, as is observed in Eta Car. I further speculated that such a
companion may have accreted a large fraction of the mass that was expelled in
the Great Eruption of 1850 and the Lesser Eruption of 1890. The accretion
process was likely to form an accretion disk, with the formation of a CFW, or
jets, on the two sides of the accretion disk. The CFW may have played a crucial
role in the formation of the two lobes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7474 </DOCNO>
Self-organized criticality in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang-equation


  Kardar-Parisi-Zhang interface depinning with quenched noise is studied in an
ensemble that leads to self-organized criticality in the quenched
Edwards-Wilkinson (QEW) universality class and related sandpile models. An
interface is pinned at the boundaries, and a slowly increasing external drive
is added to compensate for the pinning. The ensuing interface behavior
describes the integrated toppling activity history of a QKPZ cellular
automaton. The avalanche picture consists of several phases depending on the
relative importance of the terms in the interface equation. The SOC state is
more complicated than in the QEW case and it is not related to the properties
of the bulk depinning transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99122 </DOCNO>
Equivariant cellular homology and its applications


  In this work we develop a cellular equivariant homology functor and apply it
to prove an equivariant Euler-Poincare formula and an equivariant Lefschetz
theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41011 </DOCNO>
Particle candidates for dark matter: a case for (dominant or


  After a short introduction on particle candidates for dark matter within
possible extensions of the standard model, we concentrate on Weakly Interacting
Massive Particles, and on one of their most interesting physical realizations:
the neutralino. We analyze how detectability of relic neutralinos by direct and
indirect means is related to their local and cosmological densities; we use
simple general arguments to discusss different scenarios where relic
neutralinos make up the dominant bulk of dark matter or only a small fraction
of it. Our general arguments are further corroborated by specific numerical
results. We show to which extent the present experiments of direct searches for
WIMPs, when interpreted in terms of relic neutralinos, probe interesting
regions of the supersymmetric parameter space. Our analysis is performed in a
number of different supersymmetric schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73460 </DOCNO>
Q-balls: Some Analytical Results


  Motivated by the renewed interest in the role of Q-balls in cosmological
evolution, we present a discussion of the main properties of Q-balls, including
some new results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123513 </DOCNO>
X-ray Observations of Neutron Star Binaries: Evidence for Millisecond


  High amplitude X-ray brightness oscillations during thermonuclear X-ray
bursts were discovered with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) in early
1996. Spectral and timing evidence strongly supports the conclusion that these
oscillations are caused by rotational modulation of the burst emission and that
they reveal the spin frequency of neutron stars in low mass X-ray binaries
(LMXB), a long sought goal of X-ray astronomy. I briefly review the status of
our knowledge of these oscillations. So far 10 neutron star systems have been
observed to produce burst oscillations, interestingly, the observed frequencies
cluster in a fairly narrow range from about 300 - 600 Hz, well below the
break-up frequency for most modern neutron star equations of state (EOS). This
has led to suggestions that their spin frequencies may be limited by the loss
of angular momentum due to gravitational wave emission. Connections with
gravity wave rotational instabilities will be briefly described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6552 </DOCNO>
Two Dimensional Quantum Mechanical Modeling of Nanotransistors


  Quantization in the inversion layer and phase coherent transport are
anticipated to have significant impact on device performance in 'ballistic'
nanoscale transistors. While the role of some quantum effects have been
analyzed qualitatively using simple one dimensional ballistic models, two
dimensional (2D) quantum mechanical simulation is important for quantitative
results. In this paper, we present a framework for 2D quantum mechanical
simulation of a nanotransistor / Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET).
This framework consists of the non equilibrium Green's function equations
solved self-consistently with Poisson's equation. Solution of this set of
equations is computationally intensive. An efficient algorithm to calculate the
quantum mechanical 2D electron density has been developed. The method presented
is comprehensive in that treatment includes the three open boundary conditions,
where the narrow channel region opens into physically broad source, drain and
gate regions. Results are presented for (i) drain current versus drain and gate
voltages, (ii) comparison to results from Medici, and (iii) gate tunneling
current, using 2D potential profiles. Methods to reduce the gate leakage
current are also discussed based on simulation results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76422 </DOCNO>
Theoretical and Experimental Status of the Indirect Higgs Boson Mass


  The impact of theoretical and experimental uncertainties on the indirect
determination of the Higgs boson mass, MH, in the Standard Model (SM) is
discussed. Special emphasis is put on the electroweak precision observables MW
(the W boson mass) and sin^2(theta_eff) (the effective leptonic mixing angle).
The current uncertainties of the theoretical predictions for MW and
sin^2(theta_eff) due to missing higher order corrections are conservatively
estimated to delta MW \approx 7 MeV and delta sin^2(theta_eff) \approx 7 x
10^-5 . Expectations and necessary theoretical improvements for future
colliders are explored. Results for the indirect MH determination are presented
based on the present experimental and theoretical precisions as well as on
improvements corresponding to the prospective situation at future colliders.
The treatment of the different future colliders is done in a uniform way in
order to allow for a direct comparison of the accuracies that can be reached.
Taking all experimental, theoretical, and parametric uncertainties into
account, a current upper bound on MH of \sim 200 GeV is obtained. Furthermore
we find in a conservative approach that a Linear Collider with GigaZ
capabilities can achieve a relative precision of about 8% (or better) in the
indirect determination of MH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2915 </DOCNO>
Coexistence of Paramagnetic-Charge-Ordered and Ferromagnetic-Metallic


  Throughout a complete Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and magnetization study
of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3, we discuss about the nature of the complex phase-segregated
state established in this compound below T~210 K. Between TN<T<TC, the ESR
spectra shows two lines characteristic of two different magnetic phases. From
the resonance field (Hr) derived for each line we argue that the
incommensurate-charge-ordering phase (ICO) which coexists with
ferromagnetic-metallic (FMM) clusters in this temperature interval, is mainly
paramagnetic and not antiferromagnetic. The FMM/ICO ratio can be tuned with a
relatively small field, which suggests that the internal energy associated with
those phases is very similar. Below TN, there is an appreciable FM contribution
to the magnetization and the ESR spectra indicates the presence of FM clusters
in an antiferromagnetic matrix (canted). Our results show that ESR could be a
very useful tool to investigate the nature of the phase-separated state now
believed to play a fundamental role in the physics of mixed valent manganites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 963 </DOCNO>
Optomechanical scheme for the detection of weak impulsive forces


  We show that a cooling scheme and an appropriate quantum nonstationary
strategy can be used to improve the signal to noise ratio for the
optomechanical detection of weak impulsive forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113458 </DOCNO>
Electron-Ion Recombination Rate Coefficients and Photoionization Cross


  We present the first detailed ab initio quantum mechanical calculations for
total and state-specific recombination rate coefficients for e + Ni III --> Ni
II. These rates are obtained using a unified treatment for total electron-ion
recombination that treats the nonresonant radiative recombination and the
resonant dielectronic recombination in a self-consistent unified manner in the
close coupling approximation. Large-scale calculations are carried out using a
49-state wavefunction expansion from core configurations 3d^8, 3d^74s, and
3d^64p that permits the inclusion of prominent dipole allowed core transitions.
These extensive calculations for the recombination rates of Ni II required
hundreds of CPU hours on the Cray T90. The total recombination rate
coefficients are provided for a wide range of temperature. The state-specific
recombination rates for 532 bound states of doublet and quartet symmetries, and
the corresponding photoionization cross sections for leaving the core in the
ground state, are presented. Present total recombination rate coefficients
differ considerably from the currently used data in astrophysical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113889 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Aperture Studies for SPEAR 3


  The SSRL is investigating an accelerator upgrade project to replace the
present 130 nm rad FODO lattice with an 18 nm rad double bend achromat lattice:
SPEAR 3. In this paper, we review the methods used to maximize the SPEAR 3
dynamic aperture including optimization of linear optics, betatron tune,
chromaticity and coupling correction, and effects of machine errors and
insertion devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83879 </DOCNO>
What Should be Hidden and Open in Computer Security: Lessons from


  "What Should be Hidden and Open in Computer Security: Lessons from Deception,
the Art of War, Law, and Economic Theory" Peter P. Swire, George Washington
University.
    Imagine a military base. It is defended against possible attack. Do we
expect the base to reveal the location of booby traps and other defenses? No.
But for many computer applications,a software developer will need to reveal a
great deal about the code to get other system owners to trust the code and know
how to operate with it.
    This article examines these conflicting intuitions and develops a theory
about what should be open and hidden in computer security. Part I of the paper
shows how substantial openness is typical for major computer security topics,
such as firewalls, packaged software, and encryption. Part II shows what
factors will lead to openness or hiddenness in computer security.
    Part III presents an economic analysis of the issue of what should be open
in computer security. The owner who does not reveal the booby traps is like a
monopolist, while the open-source software supplier is in a competitive market.
This economic approach allows us to identify possible market failures in how
much openness occurs for computer security.
    Part IV examines the contrasting approaches of Sun Tzu and Clausewitz to
the role of hiddenness and deception in military strategy. The computer
security, economic, and military strategy approaches thus each show factors
relevant to what should be kept hidden in computer security. Part V then
applies the theory to a range of current legal and technical issues. Email
pswire@law.gwu.edu web www.osu.edu/units/law/swire.htm

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41698 </DOCNO>
Double-Tag Events in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP


  Double-tag events in two-photon collisions are studied using the L3 detector
at LEP centre-of-mass energies from root(s)=189 GeV to 209 GeV. The cross
sections of the e+e- -> e+e- hadrons and gamma*gamma* -> hadrons processes are
measured as a function of the photon virtualities, Q1^2 and Q2^2, of the
two-photon mass, W_gammagamma, and of the variable Y=ln(W_gammagamma^2/(Q1
Q2)), for an average photon virtuality <Q2> = 16 GeV2. The results are in
agreement with next-to-leading order calculations for the process gamma*gamma*
-> q qbar in the interval 2 <= Y <= 5. An excess is observed in the interval 5
< Y <= 7, corresponding to W_gammagamma greater than 40 GeV . This may be
interpreted as a sign of resolved photon QCD processes or the onset of BFKL
phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97667 </DOCNO>
Gromov - Witten invariants and quantization of quadratic hamiltonians


  We describe a formalism based on quantization of quadratic hamiltonians and
symplectic actions of loop groups which provides a convenient home for most of
known general results and conjectures about Gromov-Witten invariants of compact
symplectic manifolds and, more generally, Frobenius structures at higher genus.
We state several results illustrating the formalism and its use. In particular,
we establish Virasoro constraints for semisimple Frobenius structures and
outline a proof of the Virasoro conjecture for Gromov -- Witten invariants of
complex projective spaces and other Fano toric manifolds. Details will be
published elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113384 </DOCNO>
Reductionism, Emergence, and Effective Field Theories


  In recent years, a change in attitude in particle physics has led to our
understanding current quantum field theories as effective field theories
(EFTs). The present paper is concerned with the significance of this EFT
approach, especially from the viewpoint of the debate on reductionism in
science. In particular, it is a purpose of this paper to clarify how EFTs may
provide an interesting case-study in current philosophical discussion on
reduction, emergence and inter-level relationships in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2140 </DOCNO>
Memory and chaos in an Ising spin glass


  The non-equilibrium dynamics of the model 3d-Ising spin glass
 - Fe$_{0.55}$Mn$_{0.45}$TiO$_3$ - has been investigated from the temperature
and time dependence of the zero field cooled magnetization recorded under
certain thermal protocols. The results manifest chaos, rejuvenation and memory
features of the equilibrating spin configuration that are very similar to those
observed in corresponding studies of the archetypal RKKY spin glass Ag(Mn). The
sample is rapidly cooled in zero magnetic field, and the magnetization recorded
on re-heating. When a stop at constant temperature $T_s$ is made during the
cooling, the system evolves toward its equilibrium state at this temperature.
The equilibrated state established during the stop becomes frozen in on further
cooling and is retrieved on re-heating. The memory of the aging at $T_s$ is not
affected by a second stop at a lower temperature
 $T'_s$. Reciprocally, the first equilibration at $T_s$ has no influence on the
relaxation at $T'_s$, as expected within the droplet model for domain growth in
a chaotic landscape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168012 </DOCNO>
Visible compression of commuting mixed states


  We analyze the problem of quantum data compression of commuting density
operators in the visible case. We show that the lower bound for the compression
factor given by the Levitin--Holevo function is reached by providing an
explicit protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124608 </DOCNO>
Recent star formation in very luminous infrared galaxies


  Among star forming galaxies, a spectral combination of a strong Hdelta line
in absorption and a moderate [OII] emission has been suggested to be a useful
method to identify dusty starburst galaxies at any redshift, on the basis of
optical data alone. On one side it has been shown that such a spectral
particularity is indeed suggestive of obscured starburst galaxies but, on the
other, the degeneracy of the optical spectrum has hindered any quantitative
estimate of the star formation and extinction during the burst. The optical
spectrum by itself, even complemented with the information on the far-IR flux,
is not enough to identify univocal evolutionary patterns. We discuss in the
following whether it is possible to reduce these uncertainties by extending the
spectral analyses to the near infrared spectral region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6071 </DOCNO>
Photocontrol of Protein Conformation in a Langmuir Monolayer


  We report a method to control the conformation of a weak polyampholyte (the
protein $\beta$-casein) in Langmuir monolayers by light, even though the
protein is not photosensitive. Our approach is to couple the monolayer state to
a photochemical reaction excited in the liquid subphase. The conformational
transition of the protein molecule is triggered through its sensitivity to a
subphase bulk field (pH in this study), changing in the course of the
photochemical process. Thus, reaction of photoaquation of the ferrocyanide ion,
which increases the subphase pH from 7.0 to about 8.3, produces a change in the
surface monolayer pressure, $\Delta\Pi$, between -0.5 and +1.5 ${\rm mN/m}$
(depending on the surface concentration), signalling a conformational switch.
The approach proposed here can be used to selectively target and influence
different interfacial properties by light, without embedding photosensitisers
in the matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99061 </DOCNO>
Comment on the differential calculus on the quantum exterior plane


  We give a two-parameter quantum deformation of the exterior plane and its
differential calculus without the use of any R-matrix and relate it to the
differential calculus with the R-matrix. We prove that there are two types of
solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation whose symmetry group is $GL_{p,q}(2)$. We
also give a two-parameter deformation of the fermionic oscillator algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127587 </DOCNO>
Atomic T Tauri disk winds heated by ambipolar diffusion I- Thermal


  Motivated by recent subarcsecond resolution observations of jets from T Tauri
stars, we extend the work of \citep{Safier93a, Safier93b} by computing the
thermal and ionization structure of self-similar, magnetically-driven, atomic
disk winds heated by ambipolar diffusion. Improvements over his work include:
(1) new magnetized cold jet solutions consistent with the underlying accretion
disk \citep{Ferreira97}; (2) a more accurate treatment of ionization and
ion-neutral momentum exchange rates; and (3) predictions for spatially resolved
forbidden line emission (maps, long-slit spectra, and line ratios), presented
in a companion paper, \cite{Garcia2001b}. 
  As in \citep{Safier93a}, we obtain jets with a temperature plateau around
$10^4$ K, but ionization fractions are revised downward by a factor of 10-100.
This is due to previous omission of thermal speeds in ion-neutral
momentum-exchange rates and to different jet solutions. The physical origin of
the hot temperature plateau is outlined. In particular we present three
analytical criteria for the presence of a hot plateau, applicable to any given
MHD wind solution where ambipolar diffusion and adiabatic expansion are the
dominant heating and cooling terms. We finally show that, for solutions favored
by observations, the jet thermal structure remains consistent with the usual
approximations used for MHD jet calculations (thermalized, perfectly
conducting, single hydromagnetic cold fluid calculations).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40787 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses, muon g-2, and lepton-flavour violation in the


  In the light of the recent muon (g_mu-2) result by the E821 experiment at the
Brookhaven National Laboratory, we study the event rates of the charged
lepton-flavour-violating (LFV) processes in the supersymmetric standard model
(SUSY SM) with the heavy right-handed neutrinos (SUSY see-saw model). Since the
left-handed sleptons get the LFV masses via the neutrino Yukawa interaction in
this model, the event rate of mu->e gamma and the SUSY-SM correction to
(g_mu-2)/2 (\delta a_mu^{SUSY}) are strongly correlated. When the left-handed
sleptons have a LFV mass between the first and second generations
((m^2_L)_{12}) in the mass matrix, it should be suppressed by \sim 10^{-3}
({10^-9}/\delta a_mu^{SUSY}) compared with the diagonal components
(m_{SUSY}^2), from the current experimental bound on mu-> e gamma. The recent
(g_mu-2) result indicates {\delta a_mu^{SUSY}}\sim 10^{-9}. The future charged
LFV experiments could cover (m^2_L)_{12}/m_{SUSY}^2\gsim 10^{-(5-6)}. These
experiments will give a significant impact on the flavour models and the
SUSY-breaking models. In the SUSY see-saw model (m^2_L)_{12} is proportional to
square of the tau-neutrino Yukawa-coupling constant. In the typical models
where the neutrino-oscillation results are explained and the top-quark and
tau-neutrino Yukawa couplings are unified at the GUT scale, a large LFV mass of
(m^2_L)_{12}/m_{SUSY}^2\gsim 10^{-4} is generated, and the large LFV event
rates are predicted. We impose a so-called no-scale condition for the
SUSY-breaking parameters at the GUT scale, which suppresses the FCNC processes,
and derive the conservative lower bound on mu-> egamma. The predicted Br(mu-> e
gamma) could be covered at the future LFV experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6791 </DOCNO>
Complementary approaches to the ab initio calculation of melting


  Several research groups have recently reported {\em ab initio} calculations
of the melting properties of metals based on density functional theory, but
there have been unexpectedly large disagreements between results obtained by
different approaches. We analyze the relations between the two main approaches,
based on calculation of the free energies of solid and liquid and on direct
simulation of the two coexisting phases. Although both approaches rely on the
use of classical reference systems consisting of parameterized empirical
interaction models, we point out that in the free energy approach the final
results are independent of the reference system, whereas in the current form of
the coexistence approach they depend on it. We present a scheme for correcting
the predictions of the coexistence approach for differences between the
reference and {\em ab initio} systems. To illustrate the practical operation of
the scheme, we present calculations of the high-pressure melting properties of
iron using the corrected coexistence approach, which agree closely with earlier
results from the free energy approach. A quantitative assessment is also given
of finite-size errors, which we show can be reduced to a negligible size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124432 </DOCNO>
Fourier decomposition and frequency analysis of the pulsating stars with


  The OGLE database is revisited to investigate in more detail the properties
of the Fourier parameters. Methodological improvements led us to identify a
clear separation among High-Amplitude Delta Scuti (HADS), RRc and RRab stars.
The bimodal distribution of the R21 parameter in HADS stars is explained as a
contamination effect from RRc stars: there is evidence that all stars with
0.20<P<0.25 d are RRc variables. The previously claimed existence of a subclass
of unusual HADS is demonstrated to be a spurious result. Candidate overtone
pulsators are found among HADS and RRc variables. The properties of the Fourier
parameters are discussed as a function of the physical conditions in the stars
involved. Among the field RRab stars we detected different light-curve groups
producing distinct "tails" in the Fourier plots for P>0.55 d; evolutionary
phases or the combination of different physical conditions (not only
metallicity) are suggested to explain this separation, observed also in the
cluster RRab stars. The stellar parameters of RRc stars in a given globular
cluster show different tendencies than those of RRc stars from different
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83990 </DOCNO>
Proliferation of SDDS Support for Various Platforms and Languages


  Since Self-Describing Data Sets (SDDS) were first introduced, the source code
has been ported to many different operating systems and various languages. SDDS
is now available in C, Tcl, Java, Fortran, and Python. All of these versions
are supported on Solaris, Linux, and Windows. The C version of SDDS is also
supported on VxWorks. With the recent addition of the Java port, SDDS can now
be deployed on virtually any operating system. Due to this proliferation, SDDS
files serve to link not only a collection of C programs, but programs and
scripts in many languages on different operating systems. The platform
independent binary feature of SDDS also facilitates portability among operating
systems. This paper presents an overview of various benefits of SDDS platform
interoperability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148317 </DOCNO>
The Effective Potential for Composite Operator in the Scalar Model at


  We discuss the $\phi^4$ and $\phi^6$ theory defined in a flat $D$-dimensional
space-time. We assume that the system is in equilibrium with a thermal bath at
temperature $\beta^{-1}$. To obtain non-perturbative result, the $ 1/N $
expansion is used. The method of the composite operator (CJT) for summing a
large set of Feynman graphs, is developed for the finite temperature system.
The ressumed effective potential and the analysis of the D=3 and D=4 cases are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113419 </DOCNO>
Path Integral Monte Carlo Simulation of the Low-Density Hydrogen Plasma


  Restricted path integral Monte Carlo simulations are used to calculate the
equilibrium properties of hydrogen in the density and temperature range of
$9.83 \times 10^{-4}\rm \leq \rho \leq 0.153 \rm gcm^{-3}$ and $5000 \leq T
\leq 250 000 \rm K$. We test the accuracy of the pair density matrix and
analyze the dependence on the system size, on the time step of the path
integral and on the type of nodal surface. We calculate the equation of state
and compare with other models for hydrogen valid in this regime. Further, we
characterize the state of hydrogen and describe the changes from a plasma to an
atomic and molecular liquid by analyzing the pair correlation functions and
estimating the number of atoms and molecules present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72381 </DOCNO>
New Bounds on Slepton and Wino Masses in Anomaly Mediated Supersymmetry


  We show how the spectrum of the minimal anomaly-mediated supersymmetry
breaking model can be constrained from the condition that the electroweak
symmetry breaking minimum of the scalar potential is the deepest point in the
field space. Applying the current experimental bounds and scanning over the
whole parameter space, we rule out selectrons below 378 GeV and staus below 269
GeV, the numbers having a modest uncertainty. We also find a new upper bound on
the wino-like chargino mass for a given slepton mass. This rules out the
possibility of slepton pair production at ongoing or upcoming colliders like
the Tevatron or the Next Linear Collider at $\sqrt{s}=500$ GeV, where pair
production of charginos may be the only available signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149134 </DOCNO>
Three-quark clusters at finite temperatures and densities


  We present a relativistic three-body equation to study correlations in a
medium of finite temperatures and densities. This equation is derived within a
systematic Dyson equation approach and includes the dominant medium effects due
to Pauli blocking and self energy corrections. Relativity is implemented
utilizing the light front form. The equation is solved for a zero-range force
for parameters close to the confinement-deconfinement transition of QCD. We
present correlations between two- and three-particle binding energies and
calculate the three-body Mott transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168982 </DOCNO>
Non locality, closing the detection loophole and communication


  It is shown that the detection loophole which arises when trying to rule out
local realistic theories as alternatives for quantum mechanics can be closed if
the detection efficiency $\eta$ is larger than $\eta \geq d^{1/2} 2^{-0.0035d}$
where $d$ is the dimension of the entangled system. Furthermore it is argued
that this exponential decrease of the detector efficiency required to close the
detection loophole is almost optimal. This argument is based on a close
connection that exists between closing the detection loophole and the amount of
classical communication required to simulate quantum correlation when the
detectors are perfect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113490 </DOCNO>
A Compact, Planar, Eight-Port Waveguide Power Divider/Combiner: The


  In this letter, we present a novel four-way divider/combiner in rectangular
waveguide. The design is completely two-dimensional in the h-plane, with
eight-fold mirror symmetry, and is based on a recent four-port hybrid design
[6]. In combining mode, it can function as a phased array with four inputs and
four outputs. The planar nature of this design provides advantages, such as the
freedom to increase the waveguide height beyond the over-moding limit in order
to reduce field strengths. Along with its open geometry, this makes it ideal
for high-power applications where rf break down is a concern. Design criteria,
field-solver simulation results, and prototype measurements are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124297 </DOCNO>
Superluminal motion in a compact steep spectrum radio source 3C 138


  We present the results of 5 GHz VLBI observations of a compact steep spectrum
source 3C 138. The data are consistent with the western end being the location
of the central activity. The observed offset between different frequencies in
the central region of 3C 138 can be accounted for by a frequency dependent
shift of the synchrotron self-absorbed core. Our new measurements confirm the
existence of a superluminal motion, but its apparent velocity of 3.3c is three
times slower than the reported one. This value is consistent with the absence
of parsec-scale counter-jet emission in the inner region, but seems still too
high to allow the overall counter-jet to be seen in terms of Doppler boosting
of an intrinsically identical jet. Either an interaction of jet with central
dense medium, or an intrinsically asymmetrical jet must be invoked to reconcile
the detected superluminal speed with the observed large scale asymmetry in 3C
138.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74780 </DOCNO>
Top quark mass determination near t\bar{t} threshold at lepton colliders


  Future e^+ e^- linear colliders will enable us to determine the top quark
mass with high accuracy from the measurement of the 1S peak position of
(remnant of) toponium. The estimated statistical error in this measurement is
about 50 MeV with integrated luminosity of 30 ${\rm fb^{-1}}$. We calculate
${\cal O}(\alpha_s^5 m)$ corrections to the quarkonium 1S energy spectrum in
the large-$\beta_0$ approximation to reduce theoretical uncertainties below the
corresponding experimental error. We discuss the significance of the ${\cal
O}(\alpha_s^5 m)$ corrections and estimate theoretical uncertainties of our
prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41396 </DOCNO>
Inclusive semileptonic branching ratios of b hadrons produced in Z


  A measurement of the inclusive semileptonic branching ratios of b hadrons
produced in Z decay is presented, using four million hadronic events collected
by the ALEPH detector from 1991 to 1995. Electrons and muons are selected
opposite to b-tagged hemispheres. Two different methods are explored to
distinguish the contributions from direct $\bl$ and cascade $\bcl$ decays to
the total lepton yield. One is based on the lepton transverse momentum
spectrum, the other makes use of the correlation between the charge of the
lepton and charge estimators built from tracks in the opposite hemisphere of
the event. The latter method reduces the dependence on the modelling of
semileptonic b decays. The results obtained by averaging the two techniques are
BR(b->l) = 0.1070 +- 0.0010 +- 0.0023 +- 0.0026 BR(b->c->l) = 0.0818 +- 0.0015
+- 0.0022 + 0.0022 -0.0014

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129422 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Evidence for a Black Hole in the Microquasar XTE J1550-564


  Optical spectroscopic observations of the companion star (type G8IV to K4III)
in the microquasar system XTE J1550-564 reveal a radial velocity curve with a
best fitting spectroscopic period of P_sp = 1.552 +/- 0.010 days and a
semiamplitude of K_2 = 349 +/- 12 km/s. The optical mass function is f(M) =
6.86 +/- 0.71 solar masses (1 sigma). We tentatively measure the rotational
velocity of the companion star to be V_rot*sin(i) = 90 +/- 10 km/s, which when
taken at face value implies a mass ratio of Q = M_1/M_2 = 6.6 (+2.5 / -1.6) (1
sigma), using the above value of K_2. We derive constraints on the binary
parameters from simultaneous modelling of the ellipsoidal light and radial
velocity curves. We find the most likely value of the mass of the compact
object is 9.41 solar masses with a 1 sigma range of 8.36 < M_1 < 10.76 solar
masses. If we apply our tentative value of V_rot*sin(i) = 90 +/- 10 km/s as an
additional constraint in the ellipsoidal modelling, we find the most likely
value of the mass of the compact object is 10.56 solar masses with a 1 sigma
range of 9.68 < M_1 < 11.58 solar masses. In either case the mass of the
compact object is well above the maximum mass of a stable neutron star, and we
therefore conclude XTE J1550-564 contains a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174710 </DOCNO>
Study of Isoscaling with Statistical Multifragmentation Models


  Different statistical multifragmentation models have been used to study
isoscaling, i.e. the factorization of the isotope ratios from two reactions,
into fugacity terms of proton and neutron number,
R21(N,Z)=Y2(N,Z)/Y1(N,Z)=C*exp(a*N+b*Z). Even though the primary isotope
distributions are quite different from the final distributions due to
evaporation from the excited fragments, the values of a and b are not much
affected by sequential decays. a is shown to be mainly sensitive to the proton
and neutron composition of the emitting source and may be used to study
isospin-dependent properties in nuclear collisions such as the symmetry energy
in the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168203 </DOCNO>
Critical Examination of the Conceptual Foundations of Classical


  As it is well known, classical mechanics consists of several basic features
like determinism, reductionism, completeness of knowledge and mechanicism. In
this article the basic assumptions are discussed which underlie those features.
It is shown that these basic assumptions - though universally assumed up the
beginnings of the XX century - are far from being obvious. Finally it is shown
that - to a certain extent - there is nothing wrong in assuming these basic
postulates. Rather, the error lies in the epistemological absolutization of the
theory, which was considered as a mirroring of Nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95586 </DOCNO>
Wick type deformation quantization of Fedosov manifolds


  A coordinate-free definition for Wick-type symbols is given for symplectic
manifolds by means of the Fedosov procedure. The main ingredient of this
approach is a bilinear symmetric form defined on the complexified tangent
bundle of the symplectic manifold and subject to some set of algebraic and
differential conditions. It is precisely the structure which describes a
deviation of the Wick-type star-product from the Weyl one in the first order in
the deformation parameter. The geometry of the symplectic manifolds equipped by
such a bilinear form is explored and a certain analogue of the
Newlander-Nirenberg theorem is presented. The 2-form is explicitly identified
which cohomological class coincides with the Fedosov class of the Wick-type
star-product. For the particular case of K\"ahler manifold this class is shown
to be proportional to the Chern class of a complex manifold. We also show that
the symbol construction admits canonical superextension, which can be thought
of as the Wick-type deformation of the exterior algebra of differential forms
on the base (even) manifold. Possible applications of the deformed superalgebra
to the noncommutative field theory and strings are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72556 </DOCNO>
Polarized parton distributions from charged-current deep-inelastic


  We discuss the determination of polarized parton distributions from
charged-current deep-inelastic scattering experiments. We summarize the
next-to-leading order treatment of charged-current polarized structure
functions, their relation to polarized parton distributions and scale
dependence, and discuss their description by means of a next-to-leading order
evolution code. We discuss current theoretical expectations and positivity
constraints on the unmeasured C-odd combinations Delta q-Delta qbar of
polarized quark distributions, and their determination in charged-current
deep-inelastic scattering experiments. We give estimates of the expected errors
on charged-current structure functions at a future neutrino factory, and
perform a study of the accuracy in the determination of polarized parton
distributions that would be possible at such a facility. We show that these
measurements have the potential to distinguish between different theoretical
scenarios for the proton spin structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77028 </DOCNO>
A universal Regge pole model for all vector meson exclusive


  A model based on a dipole Pomeron framework for vector meson exclusive
photoproduction by real and virtual photons shows very good agreement with the
experimental data. The model does not violate unitarity constrains and
describes in a universal manner all the available data for $\rho$, $\omega$,
$\phi$, $J/\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ vector meson photoproduction in the region of
energies $1.7\le W \le 250 GeV$ and photon virtualities $0 \le Q^2 \le 35 
GeV^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74568 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Electroweak Corrections to Sbottom Decay into Lighter


  The Yukawa corrections of order ${\cal O}(\alpha_{ew}m_{t(b)}^2/m_W^2)$,
${\cal O}(\alpha_{ew}m_{t(b)}^3/m_W^3)$ and ${\cal
O}(\alpha_{ew}m_{t(b)}^4/m_W^4)$ to the width of sbottom decay into lighter
stop plus charged Higgs boson are calculated in the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model. These corrections depend on the masses of charged Higgs boson
and lighter stop, and the parameters $\tan\beta$ and $\mu$. For favorable
parameter values, the corrections decrease or increase the decay widths
significantly. Especially for high values of $\tan\beta$(=30) the corrections
exceed at least 10% for both $\tilde b_1$ and $\tilde b_2$ decay. But for low
values of $\tan\beta$(=4,10) the corrections are small and the magnitudes are
less than 10%. The numerical calculations also show that using the running
bottom quark mass which includes the QCD effects and resums all high order
$\tan\beta$-enhanced effects can improve much the convergence of the
perturbation expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169469 </DOCNO>
Quantifying Non-locality through Heat Engines and Distributed Negentropy


  We consider the amount of work which can be extracted from a heat bath using
a bipartite state shared by two parties. In general it is less then the amount
of work extractable when one party is in possession of the entire state. We
derive bounds for this "work deficit" and calculate it explicitly for a number
of different cases. For pure states and maximally correlated states the work
deficit is exactly equal to the distillable entanglement of the state. In these
cases a form of complementarity exists between physical work which can be
extracted and distillable entanglement. The work deficit is a good measure of
the quantum correlations in a state and provides a new paradigm for
understanding quantum non-locality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125531 </DOCNO>
Triggered Star Formation


  The star formation triggered in dense walls of expanding shells will be
discussed. The fragmentation process is studied using the linear and non-linear
perturbation theory. The influence of the energy input, the ISM distribution
and the speed of sound is examined analytically and by numerical simulations.
We formulate the condition for the gravitational fragmentation of expanding
shells: if the total surface density of the disc is higher than a certain
critical value, shells are unstable. This value depends on the energy of the
shell and the sound speed in the ISM. As an example the formation of OB
associations near the Sun will be discussed. We trace their orbits in the Milky
Way to see where they have been born: 10 - 12 Myr ago progenitors of
Scorpius-Centaurus OB associations and the Orion OB association resided
together within a sheet-like region elongated in the $l = 20-200degrees
direction, showing that the local OB associations may be formed as fragments of
an expanding supershell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124708 </DOCNO>
Observational Evidence for Two Cosmological Predictions Made by


  A decade ago bit-string physics predicted that the baryon/photon ratio at the
time of nucleogenesis $\eta= 1/256^4$ and that the dark matter/baryonic matter
ratio $\Omega_{DM}/\Omega_B= 12.7$. Accepting that the normalized Hubble
constant is constrained observationally to lie in the range $0.6 < h_0 < 0.8$,
this translates into a prediction that $0.325 > \Omega_M > 0.183 $. This and a
prediction by E.D.Jones, using a model-independent argument and ideas with
which bit-string physics is not inconsistent, that the cosmological constant
$\Omega_{\Lambda}=0.6\pm 0.1$ are in reasonable agreement with recent
cosmological observations, including the BOOMERANG data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2550 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics for a granular binary mixture at low density


  Hydrodynamic equations for a binary mixture of inelastic hard spheres are
derived from the Boltzmann kinetic theory. A normal solution is obtained via
the Chapman-Enskog method for states near the local homogeneous cooling state.
The mass, heat, and momentum fluxes are determined to first order in the
spatial gradients of the hydrodynamic fields, and the associated transport
coefficients are identified. In the same way as for binary mixtures with
elastic collisions, these coefficients are determined from a set of coupled
linear integral equations. Practical evaluation is possible using a Sonine
polynomial approximation, and is illustrated here by explicit calculation of
the relevant transport coefficients: the mutual diffusion, the pressure
diffusion, the thermal diffusion, the shear viscosity, the Dufour coefficient,
the thermal conductivity, and the pressure energy coefficient. All these
coefficients are given in terms of the restitution coefficients and the ratios
of mass, concentration, and particle sizes. Interesting and new effects arise
from the fact that the reference states for the two components have different
partial temperatures, leading to additional dependencies of the transport
coefficients on the concentration. The results hold for arbitrary degree of
inelasticity and are not limited to specific values of the parameters of the
mixture. Applications of this theory will be discussed in subsequent papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6113 </DOCNO>
Electron-electron interactions, quantum Coulomb gap, and dynamical


  The effects of electron-electron interactions on the bulk tunneling density
of states (TDOS) are studied near the integer quantum Hall transitions (IQHT).
Taking into account the dynamical screening of the interactions in the critical
conducting state, we show that the behavior of the TDOS is significantly
altered from its noninteracting counterpart. For Coulomb interaction, we
demonstrate that the TDOS vanishes linearly at the Fermi level according to a
quantum Coulomb gap form with a nonuniversal slope. For short-range
interactions, the TDOS is found to follow a power-law with an exponent
proportional to the interaction strength. Since short-range interactions are
known to be irrelevant perturbations at the non-interacting critical point, we
predict that upon scaling, the power-law is smeared, leading to a finite zero
bias TDOS. However, the approach to the zero-bias value is described by a
power-law with a universal exponent determined by the scaling dimension of
short-range interactions. We also consider the case of quasi-1D samples with
edges and find that the TDOS becomes dependent of the Hall conductance due to
an altered boundary condition for diffusion. For short-range interactions, the
TDOS of a quasi-1D strip is linear near the Fermi level with a slope inversely
proportional to the resistivity in the perturbative limit. These results are in
qualitative agreement with the bulk tunneling experiments. We discuss recent
developments in understanding the role played by electron-electron interactions
at the IQHT and the implications of these results on dynamical scaling of the
transition width. We argue that for the long-range Coulomb interaction, the
existence of the quantum Coulomb gap in the quantum critical regime of the
transition gives rise to the observed dynamical exponent z=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1407 </DOCNO>
Magnetic resonance at 41 meV and charge dynamics in YBa_2Cu_3O_6.95


  We report an Eliashberg analysis of the electron dynamics in YBa_2Cu_3O_6.95.
The magnetic resonance at 41 meV couples to charge carriers and defines the
characteristic shape in energy of the scattering rate \tau^{-1}(T,\omega) which
allows us to construct the charge-spin spectral density I^2\chi(\omega,T) at
temperature T. The T dependence of the weight under the resonance peak in
I^2\chi(\omega,T) agrees with experiment as does that of the London penetration
depth and of the microwave conductivity. Als, at T=0 condensation energy, the
fractional oscillator strength in the condensate, and the ratio of gap to
critical temperature agree well with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123636 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Line Profiles from Parameterized Emission Within an Accelerating


  Motivated by recent detections by the XMM and Chandra satellites of X-ray
line emission from hot, luminous stars, we present synthetic line profiles for
X-rays emitted within parameterized models of a hot-star wind. The X-ray line
emission is taken to occur at a sharply defined co-moving-frame resonance
wavelength, which is Doppler-shifted by a stellar wind outflow parameterized by
a `beta' velocity law, $v(r)=v_{\infty} (1-\R_{\ast}/r)^\beta$. Above some
initial onset radius $R_o$ for X-ray emission, the radial variation of the
emission filling factor is assumed to decline as a power-law in radius, $f(r)
\sim r^{-q}$. The computed emission profiles also account for continuum
absorption within the wind, with the overall strength characterized by a
cumulative optical depth $\tau_\ast$. In terms of a wavelength shift from
line-center scaled in units of the wind terminal speed $v_{\infty}$, we present
normalized X-ray line profiles for various combinations of the parameters
$\beta$, $\tau_\ast$, $q$ and $R_o$, and including also the effect of
instrumental broadening as characterized by a Gaussian with a parameterized
width $\sigma$. We discuss the implications for interpreting observed hot-star
X-ray spectra, with emphasis on signatures for discriminating between
``coronal'' and ``wind-shock'' scenarios. In particular, we note that in
profiles observed so far the substantial amount of emission longward of line
center will be difficult to reconcile with the expected attenuation by the wind
and stellar core in either a wind-shock or coronal model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74871 </DOCNO>
On string models with Scherk-Schwarz supersymmetry breaking


  We construct a general class of chiral four-dimensional string models with
Scherk--Schwarz supersymmetry breaking, involving freely acting orbifolds. The
basic ingredient is to combine an ordinary supersymmetry-preserving Z_N
projection with a supersymmetry-breaking projection Z_M' acting freely on a
subspace of the internal manifold. A crucial condition is that any generator of
the full orbifold group Z_N x Z_M' must either preserve some supersymmetry or
act freely in order to become irrelevant in some large volume limit. Tachyons
are found to be absent or limited to a given region of the tree-level moduli
space. We find several new models with orthogonal supersymmetries preserved at
distinct fixed-points. Particular attention is devoted to an interesting Z_3 x
Z_3' heterotic example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126118 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Halo Occupation at High Redshift


  We discuss how current and future data on the clustering and number density
of z~3 Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) can be used to constrain their relationship
to dark matter haloes. We explore a three-parameter model in which the number
of LBGs per dark halo scales like a power-law in the halo mass: N(M) =
(M/M_1)^S for M>M_m. Here, M_m is the minimum mass halo that can host an LBG,
M_1 is a normalization parameter, associated with the mass above which haloes
host more than one observed LBG, and S determines the strength of the mass
dependence. We show how these three parameters are constrained by three
observable properties of LBGs: the number density, the large-scale bias, and
the fraction of objects in close pairs. Given these three quantities, the three
unknown model parameters may be estimated analytically, allowing a full
exploration of parameter space. As an example, we assume an LCDM cosmology and
consider the observed properties of a recent sample of spectroscopically
confirmed LBGs. We find that the favored range for our model parameters is M_m
= (0.4-8)x10^10 Msun/h, M_1 = (6-10)x10^12 Msun/h, and 0.9 < S < 1.1. The
preferred region in M_m expands by an order of magnitude and slightly shallower
slopes are acceptable if the allowed range of bias is permitted to span all
recent observational estimates. We also discuss how the observed clustering of
LBGs as a function of luminosity can be used to constrain halo occupation,
although due to current observational uncertainties we are unable to reach any
strong conclusions. Our methods and results can be used to constrain more
realistic models that aim to derive the occupation function N(M) from first
principles, and offer insight into how basic physical properties affect the
observed properties of LBGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74797 </DOCNO>
Color Transparency versus Quantum Coherence in Electroproduction of


  So far no theoretical tool for the comprehensive description of exclusive
electroproduction of vector mesons off nuclei at medium energies has been
developed. We suggest a light-cone QCD formalism which is valid at any energy
and incorporates formation effects (color transparency), the coherence length
and the gluon shadowing. At medium energies color transparency (CT) and the
onset of coherence length (CL) effects are not easily separated. Indeed,
although nuclear transparency measured by the HERMES experiment rises with Q^2,
it agrees with predictions of the vector dominance model (VDM) without any CT
effects. Our new results and observations are: (i) the good agreement with the
VDM found earlier is accidental and related to the specific correlation between
Q^2 and CL for HERMES kinematics; (ii) CT effects are much larger than have
been estimated earlier within the two channel approximation. They are even
stronger at low than at high energies and can be easily identified by HERMES or
at JLab; (iii) gluon shadowing which is important at high energies is
calculated and included; (iv) our parameter-free calculations explain well
available data for variation of nuclear transparency with virtuality and energy
of the photon; (v) predictions for electroproduction of \rho and \phi are
provided for future measurements at HERMES and JLab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75127 </DOCNO>
Quintessence in a Brane World


  We reanalyze a new quintessence scenario in a brane world model, assuming
that a quintessence scalar field is confined in our 3-dimensional brane world.
We study three typical quintessence models : (1) an inverse-power-law
potential, (2) an exponential potential, and (3) kinetic-term quintessence
($k$-essence) model. With an inverse power law potential model ($V(\phi) = \mu
^{\alpha + 4} \phi^{- \alpha}$), we show that in the quadratic dominant stage,
the density parameter of a scalar field $\Omega_\phi$ decreases as
$a^{-4(\alpha-2)/(\alpha+2)}$ for $2<\alpha < 6$, which is followed by the
conventional quintessence scenario. This feature provides us wider initial
conditions for a successful quintessence. In fact, even if the universe is
initially in a scalar-field dominant, it eventually evolves into a radiation
dominant era in the $\rho^2$-dominant stage.
  Assuming an equipartition condition, we discuss constraints on parameters,
resulting that $\alpha\geq 4$ is required. This constraint also restricts the
value of the 5-dimensional Planck mass, e.g. $4 \times 10^{-14}m_4 \lsim m_5
\lsim 3 \times 10^{-13}m_4$ for $\alpha=5$. For an exponential potential model
$V=\mu^4\exp(-\lambda \phi/m_4)$, we may not find a natural and successful
quintessence scenario as it is. While, for a kinetic-term quintessence, we find
a tracking solution even in $\rho^2$-dominant stage, rather than the
$\Omega_\phi$-decreasing solution for an inverse-power-law potential. Then we
do find a little advantage in a brane world. Only the density parameter
increases more slowly in the $\rho^2$-dominant stage, which provides a wider
initial condition for a successful quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72815 </DOCNO>
Fermion helicity flip by parity violating torsion


  The helicity flip of a spin-1/2 Dirac fermion interacting with a torsion-
field endowed with a pseudo-tensorial extension is analysed. Taking the torsion
to be represented by a Kalb-Ramond field, we show that there is a finite
amplitude for helicity flip for massive fermions. The lowest order contribution
is proportional to the pseudo-tensor term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72789 </DOCNO>
The Gegenbauer Polynomial Technique: the evaluation of complicated


  We discuss a progress in calculation of Feynman integrals which has been done
with help of the Gegenbauer Polynomial Technique and demonstrate the results
for most complicated parts of O(1/N^3) contributions to critical exponents of
\phi^4 -theory, for any spacetime dimensionality D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125676 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Observations of the Black Hole Candidate XTE J1550-564


  We report optical, infrared, and X-ray light curves for the outburst, in
2000, of the black hole candidate XTE J1550-564. We find that the start of the
outburst in the H and V bands precedes that seen in the RXTE All Sky Monitor by
11.5 +/- 0.9 and 8.8 +/- 0.6 days, respectively; a similar delay has been
observed in two other systems. About 50 days after the primary maxima in the
VIH light curves, we find secondary maxima, most prominently in H. This
secondary peak is absent in the X-ray light curve, but coincides with a
transition to the low/hard state. We suggest that this secondary peak may be
due to non-thermal emission associated with the formation of a jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4656 </DOCNO>
Percolation in real Wildfires


  This paper focuses on the statistical properties of wild-land fires and, in
particular, investigates if spread dynamics relates to simple invasion model.
The fractal dimension and lacunarity of three fire scars classified from
satellite imagery are analysed. Results indicate that the burned clusters
behave similarly to percolation clusters on boundaries and look more dense in
their core. We show that Dynamical Percolation reproduces this behaviour and
can help to describe the fire evolution. By mapping fire dynamics onto the
percolation models the strategies for fire control might be improved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3717 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of Entropy Production: Gibbsian hypothesis and


  It is argued that a Gibbsian formula for the space-time distribution of
microscopic trajectories of a nonequilibrium system provides a unifying
framework for recent results on the fluctuations of the entropy production. The
variable entropy production is naturally expressed as the time-reversal
symmetry breaking part of the space-time action functional. Its mean is always
positive. This is both supported by a Boltzmann type analysis by counting the
change in phase space extension corresponding to the macrostate as by various
examples of nonequilibrium models. As the Gibbsian set-up allows for
non-Markovian dynamics, we also get a local fluctuation theorem for the entropy
production in globally Markovian models. In order to study the response of the
system to perturbations, we can apply the standard Gibbs formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98025 </DOCNO>
On Non-Oscillating Integrals for Computing Inhomogeneous Airy Functions


  Integral representations are considered of solutions of the inhomogeneous
Airy differential equation $w''-z w=\pm1/\pi$. The solutions of these equations
are also known as Scorer functions. Certain functional relations for these
functions are used to confine the discussion to one function and to a certain
sector in the complex plane. By using steepest descent methods from
asymptotics, the standard integral representations of the Scorer functions are
modified in order to obtain non-oscillating integrals for complex values of
$z$. In this way stable representations for numerical evaluations of the
functions are obtained. The methods are illustrated with numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41403 </DOCNO>
Performance of prototype BTeV silicon pixel detectors in a high energy


  The silicon pixel vertex detector is a key element of the BTeV spectrometer.
Sensors bump-bonded to prototype front-end devices were tested in a high energy
pion beam at Fermilab. The spatial resolution and occupancies as a function of
the pion incident angle were measured for various sensor-readout combinations.
The data are compared with predictions from our Monte Carlo simulation and very
good agreement is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95 </DOCNO>
Superconductors with Magnetic Impurities: Instantons and Sub-gap States


  When subject to a weak magnetic impurity potential, the order parameter and
quasi-particle energy gap of a bulk singlet superconductor are suppressed.
According to the conventional mean-field theory of Abrikosov and Gor'kov, the
integrity of the energy gap is maintained up to a critical concentration of
magnetic impurities. In this paper, a field theoretic approach is developed to
critically analyze the validity of the mean field theory. Using the
supersymmetry technique we find a spatially homogeneous saddle-point that
reproduces the Abrikosov-Gor'kov theory, and identify instanton contributions
to the density of states that render the quasi-particle energy gap soft at any
non-zero magnetic impurity concentration. The sub-gap states are associated
with supersymmetry broken field configurations of the action. An analysis of
fluctuations around these configurations shows how the underlying supersymmetry
of the action is restored by zero modes. An estimate of the density of states
is given for all dimensionalities. To illustrate the universality of the
present scheme we apply the same method to study `gap fluctuations' in a normal
quantum dot coupled to a superconducting terminal. Using the same instanton
approach, we recover the universal result recently proposed by Vavilov et al.
Finally, we emphasize the universality of the present scheme for the
description of gap fluctuations in d-dimensional superconducting/normal
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 476 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of order parameters for a population of globally coupled


  Using an expansion in order parameters, the equation of motion for the
centroid of globally coupled oscillators with natural frequencies taken from a
distribution is obtained for the case of high coupling, low dispersion of
natural frequencies and any number of oscillators. To the first order, the
system can be approximated by a set of four equations, where the centroid is
coupled with a second macroscopic variable, which describes the dynamics of the
oscillators around their average. This gives rise to collective effects that
suggest experiments aimed at measuring the parameters of the population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41615 </DOCNO>
Substructure of jets at HERA


  The substructure of jets produced in an exclusive and a charm-induced dijet
sample in photoproduction and in charged and neutral current interactions has
been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Jets were identified using the
longitudinally invariant k_T cluster algorithm in the laboratory frame. The
substructure of jets has been studied in terms of the jet shape and subjet
multiplicity. Comparisons between the dijet sample and the quark-induced
samples allow an extraction of the jet substructure for gluons.
Leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo calculations give a good
description of the differences between quark- and gluon-initiated jets. In
neutral current interactions, the measurements have been compared to
next-to-leading-order QCD calculations which are used to make a determination
of the strong coupling constant, alpha_s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3155 </DOCNO>
Conformal invariance and linear defects in the two-dimensional Ising


  Using conformal invariance, we show that the non-universal exponent eta_0
associated with the decay of correlations along a defect line of modified bonds
in the square-lattice Ising model is related to the amplitude A_0=xi_n/n of the
correlation length \xi_n(K_c) at the bulk critical coupling K_c, on a strip
with width n, periodic boundary conditions and two equidistant defect lines
along the strip, through A_0=(\pi\eta_0)^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76970 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Production in Large Extra Dimensions at the Tevatron: New


  The production of black holes in large extra dimensions is studied for
Tevatron energies. Either black holes can already be observed at a large rate
in $\bar p p$ collisions at $\sqrt s=1.8$ TeV or the fundamental gravity scale
has to be above 1.4 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123841 </DOCNO>
The Structure of Prestellar Cores as derived from ISO Observations


  Observations of dark cloud cores have been carried out in the mid-infrared
using ISOCAM and in the far-infrared using ISOPHOT, both aboard the Infrared
Space Observatory. The cores are in most cases detected in emission at 200 and
170 micron, remain undetected at 90 micron and are seen in absorption against
the diffuse mid-infrared background at 7 micron. The observations are
consistent with the cores being pre-stellar and not having a central heating
source, and yield core temperatures of ~ 11-13 K. We were able to determine the
density structure of the cores up to radii that extend beyond the sensitivity
limit of previous submillimetre studies. The column density profiles of the
cores studied here flatten out in the centre, as shown by previous
submillimetre continuum results, and interestingly, in a few cases, the
profiles steepen with radius beyond ~ 5000-10000 AU and present sharp edges.
This could indicate that these cores are decoupled from their parent molecular
cloud and represent finite reservoirs of mass for subsequent accretion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3691 </DOCNO>
Substitution for Cu in the electron-doped infinite-layer superconductor


  We report on the effect of substitution for Cu on Tc of electron-doped
infinite-layer superconductors Sr0.9La0.1Cu1-xRxO2, R = Zn and Ni. We found
that Tc was nearly constant until x = 0.03 for R = Zn, while superconductivity
was nearly suppressed for x = 0.02 with dTc/dx = 20 K/% for R = Ni. This
behavior is very similar to that of conventional superconductors. These
findings are discussed in terms of the superconducting gap symmetry in the
cuprate superconductors including another electron-doped superconductor,
(Nd,Ce)2CuO4-y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98540 </DOCNO>
From Subfactors to Categories and Topology II. The quantum double of


  We are concerned with the center (=quantum double) of tensor categories and
prove generalizations of several results proven previously for quantum doubles
of Hopf algebras. We consider F-linear tensor categories C with simple unit and
finitely many isomorphism classes of simple objects. We assume that C is either
a *-category (i.e. there is a positive *-operation on the morphisms) or
semisimple and spherical over an algebraically closed field F. In the latter
case we assume that dim C=sum_i d(X_i)^2 is non-zero, where the summation runs
over the isomorphism classes of simple objects. We prove: (i) Z(C) is a
semisimple spherical (or *-) category. (ii) Z(C) is weakly monoidally Morita
equivalent (in the sense of math.CT/0111204) to C X C^op. This implies dim
Z(C)=(dim C)^2. (iii) We analyze the simple objects of Z(C) in terms of certain
finite dimensional algebras, of which Ocneanu's tube algebra is the smallest.
We prove the conjecture of Gelfand and Kazhdan according to which the number of
simple objects of Z(C) coincides with the dimension of the state space
H_{S^1\times S^1} of the torus in the triangulation TQFT built from C. (iv) We
prove that Z(C) is modular and we compute the Gauss sums Delta_+/-(Z(C))=sum_i
theta(X_i)^{+/- 1}d(X_i)^2=dim C. (v) Finally, if C is already modular then
Z(C)\simeq C X C~, where C~ is the tensor category C with the braiding
c~_{X,Y}=c_{Y,X}^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127925 </DOCNO>
The `remarkable' M31 globular cluster 037-B327 revisited


  The M31 globular cluster candidate 037-B327 has long been known to be an
extremely red, non-stellar object. The first published spectrum of this object
is used to confirm that it is a globular cluster belonging to M31, with rather
typical values of v_r = -338 +/- 12 km/s and [Fe/H]= -1.07 +/- 0.20 dex. Using
the spectroscopic metallicity to predict the intrinsic colours, we derive a
reddening value of E(B-V)=1.30 +/- 0.04 in good agreement with the value
obtained using reddening-free parameters. The extinction-corrected magnitude of
037-B327 is V_0=12.73 (absolute magnitude M_V = -11.74), which makes it the
most luminous globular cluster in M31. We examine van den Bergh's (1968)
argument regarding the brightest and most-reddened globular cluster in in M31;
we find that the brightest clusters are more heavily-reddened than average, but
this can be explained by selection effects rather than a different R_V in M31.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126636 </DOCNO>
Galactic Superwinds Circa 2001


  In this contribution I summarize our current knowledge of the nature and
significance of starburst-driven galactic winds (``superwinds''). Superwinds
are complex multiphase outflows of cool, warm, and hot gas, dust, and
magnetized relativistic plasma. The observational manifestations of superwinds
result from the hydrodynamical interaction between the primary energy-carrying
wind fluid and the ambient interstellar medium. Superwinds are ubiquitous in
galaxies in which the global star-formation rate per unit area exceeds roughly
10$^{-1}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-2}$. This criterion is met by local
starbursts and the high-z Lyman Break galaxies. Several independent datasets
and techniques imply that the total mass and energy outflow rates in a
superwind are comparable to the starburst's star-formation-rate and mechanical
energy injection rate, respectively. Outflow speeds in interstellar matter
entrained in the wind range from $\sim 10^2$ to $10^3$ km/s, but the primary
wind fluid itself may reach velocities as high as $\sim$3000 km s$^{-1}$. The
available X-ray and far-UV ($FUSE$) data imply that radiative losses in
superwinds are not significant. Superwinds may have established the
mass-metallicity relation in ellipticals and bulges, polluted the present-day
inter-galactic medium to a metallicity of $\sim$ 10 to 30% solar, heated the
inter-galactic medium, and ejected enough dust into the inter-galactic medium
to have potentially observable consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2620 </DOCNO>
Critical temperature oscillations in magnetically coupled


  We study the magnetic interaction between two superconducting concentric
mesoscopic Al loops, close to the superconducting/normal phase transition. The
phase boundary is measured resistively for the two-loop structure as well as
for a reference single loop. In both systems Little-Parks oscillations,
periodic in field are observed in the critical temperature Tc versus applied
magnetic field H. In the Fourier spectrum of the Tc(H) oscillations, a weak
'low frequency' response shows up, which can be attributed to the inner loop
supercurrent magnetic coupling to the flux of the outer loop. The amplitude of
this effect can be tuned by varying the applied transport current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126407 </DOCNO>
A contribution of 26Al to the O-Al anticorrelation in globular cluster


  We modify our combined ("deep mixing" plus "primordial") scenario explaining
the star-to-star abundance variations in globular cluster red giants in such a
way that it confirms with new experimental data: (i) the new and better
constrained (NACRE) thermonuclear reaction rates and (ii) a discovery of the
O-Na anticorrelation in stars below the main-sequence turn-off in the cluster
NGC6752. For the latter we propose that some main-sequence dwarfs in globular
clusters accrete material lost by red giant primary components of close
binaries during a common envelope event. As a consequence of the new reaction
rates, we are drawn to the conclusion that the anomalies in [Al/Fe] in globular
cluster red giants are in fact manifestations of 26Al (instead of the stable
isotope 27Al) abundance variations produced by deep mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76219 </DOCNO>
Precise predictions for e+e- --> 4f(+gamma) with anomalous couplings


  The relevance of radiative corrections to 4f production at LEP2 and future
e+e- colliders is emphasized, and their treatment in the event generator
RacoonWW is briefly discussed. In particular, the non-universal corrections are
compared with the signature of anomalous triple gauge-boson couplings. For
4f+gamma production the influence of anomalous quartic gauge-boson couplings on
photon-energy distributions is illustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127030 </DOCNO>
Observations of Gamma-ray Bursts with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer


  The role of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) in the study of Gamma-ray
Bursts (GRBs) is reviewed. Through April 2001, the All-Sky Monitor (ASM) and
the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) instruments have detected 30 GRBs. In 16
cases, an early celestial position was released to the community, sometimes in
conjunction with IPN results. The subsequent optical and radio searches led to
the detection of 5 x-ray afterglows, to at least 6 optical or radio afterglows,
to 3 of the 17 secure redshifts known at this writing, and to 2 other likely
redshifts. The decay curves of early x-ray afterglows have been measured. The
rapid determination of the location of GRB 970828 and the absence of optical
afterglow at that position gave one of the first indications that GRBs occur in
star-forming regions (Groot et al. 1998, ApJ 493, L27). The location of GRB
000301C led to the determination of a break in the optical decay rate (Rhoads
and Fruchter 2001, ApJ 546, 117) which is evidence for a jet, and to
variability in the optical light curve that could represent gravitational
lensing (Garnavich, Loeb, and Stanek 2000, ApJ 544, L11). X-ray light curves of
GRB from the ASM in conjunction with gamma-ray light curves exhibit striking
differences in different bands and may reveal the commencement of the x-ray
afterglow (Smith et al. 2001, ApJ submitted, astroph 0103357).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149855 </DOCNO>
Reflection Amplitudes of Boundary Toda Theories and Thermodynamic Bethe


  We study the ultraviolet asymptotics in $A_n$ affine Toda theories with
integrable boundary actions. The reflection amplitudes of non-affine Toda
theories in the presence of conformal boundary actions have been obtained from
the quantum mechanical reflections of the wave functional in the Weyl chamber
and used for the quantization conditions and ground-state energies. We compare
these results with the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz derived from both the bulk
and (conjectured) boundary scattering amplitudes. The two independent
approaches match very well and provide the non-perturbative checks of the
boundary scattering amplitudes for Neumann and $(+)$ boundary conditions. Our
results also confirm the conjectured boundary vacuum energies and the duality
conjecture between the two boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124414 </DOCNO>
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect: Results and Future Prospects


  The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) provides a powerful tool for cosmological
studies. Through recent advances in instrumentation and observational
techniques it is now possible to obtain high quality measurements of the effect
toward galaxy clusters. The analysis of the SZE toward a few tens of clusters
has already led to interesting constraints on the Hubble constant and the mass
density of the universe. In the near future, instruments exploiting the
redshift independence of the SZE will be used to conduct deep surveys for
galaxy clusters providing detailed information on the growth of large scale
structure, tests of cosmological models and tight constraints on the
cosmological parameters that describe our universe. In this review we provide
an overview of the SZE and its use for cosmological studies. We summarize the
current state of observations and the constraints on cosmological parameters
already obtained and we discuss the power of using the SZE for future deep
cluster surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169483 </DOCNO>
Anderson's absolute objects and constant timelike vector hidden in Dirac


  Anderson's theorem asserting, that symmetry of dynamic equations written in
the relativisitically covariant form is determined by symmetry of its absolute
objects, is applied to the free Dirac equation. Dirac matrices are the only
absolute objects of the Dirac equation. There are two ways of the Dirac
matrices transformation: (1) Dirac matrices form a 4-vector and wave function
is a scalar, (2) Dirac matrices are scalars and the wave function is a spinor.
In the first case the Dirac equation is nonrelativistic, in the second one it
is relativistic. Transforming Dirac equation to another scalar-vector
variables, one shows that the first way of transformation is valid, and the
Dirac equation is not relativistic

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85933 </DOCNO>
Torsion Strings inside Static Black Holes in Teleparallel Gravity


  Cosmic strings inside Schwarzschild black holes in teleparallel gravity are
considered.Torsion flux inside the black hole is compute like a torsion vortex
on a superfluid.Since some components of torsion are singular on Schwarzschild
horizon and others remain finite we compute a torsion invariant to decide
whether the torsion is singular and where torsion singularities located.It is
found out that as in the curvature case of Einstein's black hole the event
horizon is not a mere coordinate singularity for torsion although a true
torsion singularity is found at the center of the teleparallel black
hole.Torsion flux vanishes along the cosmic string itself.It is shown from
Cartan equation in differential forms that the spins inside the black hole are
polarized along the torsion string.Torsion string seems to be confined inside
the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96038 </DOCNO>
Homotopy Diagrams of Algebras


  In [math.AT/9907138] we proved that strongly homotopy algebras are homotopy
invariant concepts in the category of chain complexes. Our arguments were based
on the fact that strongly homotopy algebras are algebras over minimal cofibrant
operads and on the principle that algebras over cofibrant operads are homotopy
invariant. In our approach, algebraic models for colored operads describing
diagrams of homomorphisms played an important role.
  The aim of this paper is to give an explicit description of these models. A
possible application is an appropriate formulation of the `ideal' homological
perturbation lemma for chain complexes with algebraic structures. Our results
also provide a conceptual approach to `homotopies through homomorphism' for
strongly homotopy algebras. We also argue that strongly homotopy algebras form
a honest (not only weak Kan) category.
  The paper is a continuation of our program to translate the famous book "M.
Boardman, R. Vogt: Homotopy Invariant Algebraic Structures on Topological
Spaces" to algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97734 </DOCNO>
Harmonic bundles on quasi-compact Kaehler manifolds


  We define the C^*-action on moduli spaces of reductive representations of
fundamental groups of quasi-compact Kaehler manifolds by solving
Hermitian-Yang-Mills equation. As applications in algebraic geometry we show a
non-abelian Hodge (p,q)-type theorem for families of quasi-projective
manifolds. We also prove that any discrete sub group of a Lie group of rank >1
that is not of Hodge type can't be the fundamental group of a quasi-compact
Kaehler manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72962 </DOCNO>
Study of Scalar Top Quarks in the Neutralino and Chargino Decay Channel


  The scalar top discovery potential has been studied with a full-statistics
background simulation at sqrt(s)=500 GeV and L = 500 fb-1 for the TESLA
project. The beam polarization is very important to measure the scalar top
mixing angle and to determine its mass. The latest estimation of the beam
polarization parameters is applied. This study includes e+ polarization, which
improves the sensitivity. For a 180 GeV scalar top at minimum production cross
section, we obtain delta(m) = 0.8 GeV and delta(cosT) = 0.008 in the neutralino
decay channel, and delta(m) = 0.5 GeV and delta(cosT) = 0.004 in the chargino
decay channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41562 </DOCNO>
Observation of the Decay K- -> pi- mu+ mu- and Measurements of the


  Using data collected with the HyperCP (E871) spectrometer during the 1997
fixed-target run at Fermilab, we report the first observation of the decay K-
-> pi- mu+ mu- and new measurements of the branching ratios for K+/- -> pi+/-
mu+ mu- . By combining the branching ratios for the K+ and K- decays, we
measure the ratio (K+/- -> pi+/- mu+ mu-)/(K+/- -> all) = (9.8 +/- 1.0 +/-
0.5)x10^(-8). The CP asymmetry between the K+ and K- decay modes = -0.02 +/-
0.11 +/- 0.04.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76123 </DOCNO>
Three-jet cross sections in hadron-hadron collisions at next-to-leading


  We present a new QCD event generator for hadron collider which can calculate
one-, two- and three-jet cross sections at next-to-leading order accuracy. In
this letter we study the transverse energy spectrum of three-jet hadronic
events using the kT algorithm. We show that the next-to-leading order
correction significantly reduces the renormalization and factorization scale
dependence of the three-jet cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4738 </DOCNO>
Maximally-localized Wannier functions for entangled energy bands


  We present a method for obtaining well-localized Wannier-like functions (WFs)
for energy bands that are attached to or mixed with other bands. The present
scheme removes the limitation of the usual maximally-localized WFs method (N.
Marzari and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B 56, 12847 (1997)) that the bands of
interest should form an isolated group, separated by gaps from higher and lower
bands everywhere in the Brillouin zone. An energy window encompassing N bands
of interest is specified by the user, and the algorithm then proceeds to
disentangle these from the remaining bands inside the window by filtering out
an optimally connected N-dimensional subspace. This is achieved by minimizing a
functional that measures the subspace dispersion across the Brillouin zone. The
maximally-localized WFs for the optimal subspace are then obtained via the
algorithm of Marzari and Vanderbilt. The method, which functions as a
postprocessing step using the output of conventional electronic-structure
codes, is applied to the s and d bands of copper, and to the valence and
low-lying conduction bands of silicon. For the low-lying nearly-free-electron
bands of copper we find WFs which are centered at the tetrahedral interstitial
sites, suggesting an alternative tight-binding parametrization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76132 </DOCNO>
Calculating the anomalous supersymmetry breaking in Super-Yang-Mills


  Supersymmetric Yang-Mills-theories with local gauge coupling have a new type
of anomalous breaking, which appears as a breaking of supersymmetry in the
Wess-Zumino-gauge. The anomalous breaking generates the two-loop order of the
gauge $\beta$-function in terms of the one-loop $\beta$-function and the
anomaly coefficient. We determine the anomaly coefficient in the
Wess-Zumino-gauge by solving the relevant supersymmetry identities. For this
purpose we use a background gauge and show that the anomaly coefficient is
uniquely determined by convergent one-loop integrals. When evaluating the
one-loop diagrams in the background gauge, it is seen that the anomaly
coefficient is determined by the Feynman-gauge value of the one-loop vertex
function to the topological term $G \tilde G$ at vanishing momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148149 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Fixed-End Strings and the Off-Shell Disk Amplitude


  An exact integral expression is found for the amplitude of a Bosonic string
with ends separated by a fixed distance $R$ evolving over a time $T$ between
arbitrary initial and final configurations. It is impossible to make a
covariant subtraction of a covariant quantity which would render the amplitude
non-zero. It is suggested that this fact (and not the tachyon) is responsible
for the lack of a continuum limit of regularized random-surface models with
target-space dimension greater than one. It appears consistent, however, to
remove this quantity by hand. The static potential of Alvarez and Arvis $V(R)$
is recovered from the resulting finite amplitude for $R>R_{c}$. For $R<R_{c}$,
we find $V(R)=-\infty$, instead of the usual tachyonic result. A
rotation-invariant expression is proposed for special cases of the off-shell
disk amplitude. {\it None} of the finite amplitudes discussed are Nambu or
Polyakov functional integrals, except through an unphysical analytic
continuation. We argue that the Liouville field does not decouple in off-shell
amplitudes, even when the space-time dimension is twenty-six.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4101 </DOCNO>
How well do Car-Parrinello simulations reproduce the Born-Oppenheimer


  We derive an analytic expression for the average difference between the
forces on the ions in a Car-Parrinello simulation and the forces obtained at
the same ionic positions when the electrons are at their ground state. We show
that for common values of the fictitious electron mass, a systematic bias may
affect the Car-Parrinello forces in systems where the electron-ion coupling is
large. We show that in the limit where the electronic orbitals are rigidly
dragged by the ions the difference between the two dynamics amounts to a
rescaling of the ionic masses, thereby leaving the thermodynamics intact. We
study the examples of crystalline magnesium oxide and crystalline and molten
silicon. We find that for crystalline silicon the errors are very small. For
crystalline MgO the errors are very large but the dynamics can be quite well
corrected within the rigid-ion model. We conclude that it is important to
control the effect of the electron mass parameter on the quantities extracted
from Car-Parrinello simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179256 </DOCNO>
Scaling of hadronic transverse momenta in a hydrodynamic treatment of


  The transverse momenta of hadrons in central nucleus-nucleus collisions are
evaluated in a boost invariant hydrodynamics with transverse expansion. Quark
gluon plasma is assumed to be formed in the initial state which expands and
cools via a first order phase transition to a rich hadronic matter and
ultimately undergoes a freeze-out. The average transverse momentum of pions,
kaons, and protons is estimated for a wide range of multiplicity densities and
transverse sizes of the system. For a given system it is found to scale with
the square-root of the particle rapidity density per unit transverse area, and
consistent with the corresponding values seen in $p\overline{p}$ experiments at
1800 GeV, suggesting a universal behaviour. The average transverse momentum
shows only an approximate scaling with multiplicity density per nucleon which
is at variance with the $p\overline{p}$ data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5599 </DOCNO>
Coupling of thermal and mass diffusion in regular binary thermal


  We have constructed a regular binary thermal lattice-gas in which the thermal
diffusion and mass diffusion are coupled and form two nonpropagating diffusive
modes. The power spectrum is shown to be similar in structure as for the one in
real fluids, in which the central peak becomes a combination of coupled entropy
and concentration contributions. Our theoretical findings for the power spectra
are confirmed by computer simulations performed on this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114308 </DOCNO>
The Percolation Transition in the DNA-Gold Nanoparticle System


  Melting and hybridization of DNA-capped gold nanoparticle networks are
investigated with optical absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron
microscopy. Single-stranded, 12-base DNA-capped gold nanoparticles are linked
with complementary, single-stranded, 24-base linker DNA to form particle
networks. Compared to free DNA, a sharp melting transition is seen in these
networked DNA-nanoparticle systems. The sharpness is explained by percolation
transition phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5144 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport in a bi-crystal film of La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3


  Transport properties of an epitaxial film of La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3 (LSMO),
deposited epitaxially on a LaAlO_3 bi-crystal substrate having a misorientation
angle of 9.2 deg., have been studied.
 The film was patterned into a meander containing 100 grain boundaries. The
resistivity of the sample exhibits two components; one originating from the
grain boundary regions, and one from the LSMO elements in the meander; the
latter contribution is similar to the resistivity of a reference epitaxial LSMO
film. The low (<0.5 T) and high (up to 6 T) field magnetoresistance was also
studied. The meander show a large low field magnetoresistance, increasing with
decreasing temperature, and a constant high field slope of the
magnetoconductance, results that are well explained by a two-step spin
polarized tunneling model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179340 </DOCNO>
Coulomb effects in nucleon-deuteron polarization-transfer coefficients


  Coulomb effects in the neutron-deuteron and proton-deuteron
polarization-transfer coefficients $K_y^{y'}$, $K_z^{x'}$, $K_y^{x'x'-y'y'}$
and $K_y^{z'z'}$ are studied at energies above the deuteron breakup threshold.
Theoretical predictions for these observables are evaluated in the framework of
the Kohn Variational Principle using correlated basis functions to expand the
three-nucleon scattering wave function. The two-nucleon Argonne $v_{18}$ and
the three-nucleon Urbana IX potentials are considered. In the proton-deuteron
case, the Coulomb interaction between the two protons is included explicitly
and the results are compared to the experimental data available at
$E_{lab}=10,19,22.7$ MeV. In the neutron-deuteron case, a comparison to a
recent measurement of $K_y^{y'}$ by Hempen {\sl et al.} at $E_{lab}=19$ MeV
evidences a contribution of the calculated Coulomb effects opposite to those
extracted from the experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95817 </DOCNO>
Estimating the spectrum of a density operator


  Given N quantum systems prepared according to the same density operator \rho,
we propose a measurement on the N-fold system which approximately yields the
spectrum of \rho. The projections of the proposed observable decompose the
Hilbert space according to the irreducible representations of the permutations
on N points, and are labeled by Young frames, whose relative row lengths
estimate the eigenvalues of \rho in decreasing order. We show convergence of
these estimates in the limit N\to\infty, and that the probability for errors
decreases exponentially with a rate we compute explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77053 </DOCNO>
Transverse Spin Effects In Diffractive Hadron Leptoproduction


  We consider double spin asymmetries for longitudinally polarized leptons and
transversely polarized protons in diffractive vector meson and $Q \bar Q$
production at high energies within the two-gluon model. The asymmetry predicted
for meson production is quite small. The $A_{lT}$ asymmetry for $Q \bar Q$
production contains two independent terms which are large and can be used to
obtain information on the polarized gluon distributions in the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148241 </DOCNO>
Wigner's little group, gauge transformations and dimensional descent


  We propose a technique called dimensional descent to show that Wigner's
little group for massless particles, which acts as a generator of gauge
transformation for usual Maxwell theory, has an identical role even for
topologically massive gauge theories. The examples of $B\wedge F$ theory and
Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory are analyzed in details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95846 </DOCNO>
Two results on tilings of quadriculated annuli


  We provide a more informal explanation of two results in our manuscript
"Tilings of quadriculated annuli". Tilings of a quadriculated annulus $A$ are
counted according to volume (in the formal variable q) and flux (in p). The
generating function Phi_A(p,q) is such that, for q = -1, the non-zero roots in
p are roots of unity and for q > 0, real negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 448 </DOCNO>
Reentrant violation of special relativity in the low-energy corner


  In the effective relativistic quantum field theories the energy region, where
the special relativity holds, can be sandwiched from both the high and low
energies sides by domains where the special relativity is violated. An example
is provided by 3He-A where the relativistic quantum field theory emerges as the
effective theory. The reentrant violation of the special relativity in the
ultralow energy corner is accompanied by the redistribution of the
momentum-space topological charges between the fermionic flavors. At this
ultralow energy an exotic massless fermion with the topological charge $N_3=2$
arises, whose energy spectrum mixes the classical and relativistic behavior.
This effect can lead to neutrino oscillations if neutrino flavors are still
massless at this energy scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86370 </DOCNO>
Quantum Kaluza-Klein Cosmologies (V)


  In the No-boundary Universe with $d=11$ supergravity, under the $S_n \times
S_{11-n}$ Kaluza-Klein ansatz, the only seed instanton for the universe
creation is a $S_7 \times S_4$ space. It is proven that for the Freund-Rubin,
Englert and Awada-Duff-Pope models the macroscopic universe in which we are
living must be 4- instead of 7-dimensional without appealing to the anthropic
principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149646 </DOCNO>
Various Types of Five-Dimensional Warp Factor and Effective Planck Scale


  Based on the assumption that the warp factor of four-dimensional spacetime
and the one of fifth dimension are tied through a parameter $\alpha$, we
consider five-dimensional gravity with a 3-brane coupled to a bulk scalar
field. For arbitrary value of $\alpha$, the form of the warp factor is
implicitly determined by hypergeometric function. Concretely, we show that the
warp factor becomes explicit form for appropriate value of $\alpha$, and study
the relation between four-dimensional effective Planck scale and the brane
tension. This setup allows the possibility of extending the diversity of brane
world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149575 </DOCNO>
The Dirac Operator in a Fermion Bag Background in 1+1 Dimensions and


  We show that the spectral theory of the Dirac operator $D = i\delsl-\sigma(x)
-i\pi(x)\gam_5$ in a static background $(\sigma(x),\pi(x))$ in 1+1 space-time
dimensions, is underlined by a certain generalization of supersymmetric quantum
mechanics, and explore its consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95728 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic detection and description of hyperbolic structures on closed


  We outline a rigorous algorithm, first suggested by Casson, for determining
whether a closed orientable 3-manifold M is hyperbolic, and to compute the
hyperbolic structure, if one exists. The algorithm requires that a procedure
has been given to solve the word problem in \pi_1(M).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83995 </DOCNO>
Abduction with Penalization in Logic Programming


  Abduction, first proposed in the setting of classical logics, has been
studied with growing interest in the logic programming area during the last
years.
  In this paper we study {\em abduction with penalization} in logic
programming. This form of abductive reasoning, which has not been previously
analyzed in logic programming, turns out to represent several relevant
problems, including optimization problems, very naturally. We define a formal
model for abduction with penalization from logic programs, which extends the
abductive framework proposed by Kakas and Mancarella. We show the high
expressiveness of this formalism, by encoding a couple of relevant problems,
including the well-know Traveling Salesman Problem from optimization theory, in
this abductive framework. The resulting encodings are very simple and elegant.
We analyze the complexity of the main decisional problems arising in this
framework. An interesting result in this course is that ``negation comes for
free.'' Indeed, the addition of (even unstratified) negation does not cause any
further increase to the complexity of the abductive reasoning tasks (which
remains the same as for not-free programs).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168737 </DOCNO>
A note on bound entanglement and local realism


  We show using a numerical approach that gives necessary and sufficient
conditions for the existence of local realism, that the bound entangled state
presented in Bennett et. al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 5385 (1999) admits a local
and realistic description. We also find the lowest possible amount of some
appropriate entangled state that must be ad-mixed to the bound entangled state
so that the resulting density operator has no local and realistic description
and as such can be useful in quantum communication and quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97029 </DOCNO>
Effective descent maps for schemes


  I show that a quasicompact morphism f:X -> Y of schemes is an effective
descent map for quasicoherent modules if and only if the map O_Y -> f_*(O_X) is
injective, and remains injective after any base change. This generalizes
Grothendieck's result that faithfully flat quasicompact morphisms are effective
descent maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6755 </DOCNO>
A p-Spin Interaction Ashkin-Teller Spin-Glass Model


  A p-spin interaction Ashkin-Teller spin glass, with three independent
Gaussian probability distributions for the exchange interactions, is studied by
means of the replica method. A simple phase diagram is obtained within the
replica-symmetric approximation, presenting an instability of the paramagnetic
solution at low temperatures. The replica-symmetry-breaking procedure is
implemented and a rich phase diagram is obtained; besides the paramagnetic
phase, three distinct spin-glass phases appear. Three first-order critical
frontiers are found and they all meet at a triple point; among such lines, two
of them present discontinuities in the order parameters, but no latent heat,
whereas the other one exhibits both discontinuities in the order parameters and
a finite latent heat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125453 </DOCNO>
COSMOCR: A Numerical Code for Cosmic Ray Studies in Computational


  We present COSMOCR, a numerical code for the investigation of cosmic ray
related studies in computational cosmology. The code follows the diffusive
shock acceleration, the mechanical and radiative energy losses and the spatial
transport of the supra-thermal particles in cosmic environment. Primary cosmic
ray electrons and ions are injected at shocks according to the thermal leakage
prescription. Secondary electrons are continuously injected as a results of p-p
inelastic collisions of primary cosmic ray ions and thermal background nuclei.
The code consists of a conservative, finite volume method with a power-law
sub-grid model in momentum space. Two slightly different schemes are
implemented depending on the stiffness of the cooling terms. Comparisons of
numerical results with analytical solution for a number of tests of direct
interest show remarkable performance of the present code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128605 </DOCNO>
The Importance of Shocks in the Ionization of the Narrow Line Region of


  We discuss the viability of shocks as the principal source of ionization for
the Narrow Line Region of Seyfert galaxies. We present the preliminary results
of [OIII]5007A and radio 3.6 cm imaging surveys of Seyferts, discuss the
effects of shocks in the ionization of two galaxies, and also calculate an
upper limit to the Hbeta luminosity that can be due to shocks in 36 galaxies
with unresolved radio emission. We show that, for favored values of the shock
parameters, that shocks cannot contribute more than ~15% of the ionizing
photons in most galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114365 </DOCNO>
Re-Engineering of the GSI Control System


  After more than 12 years of operation without substantial revision a
modernization of the control system at GSI is overdue. A strategy to adapt the
system to future needs is outlined. The system has to support a specific
environment of which the main features are described. More flexibility than in
the current system can be achieved while still using many parts of the actual
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148926 </DOCNO>
Curved Domain Walls of Five Dimensional Gauged Supergravity


  We study curved domain wall solutions for gauged supergravity theories
obtained by gauging some of the isometries of the manifold spanned by the
scalars of vector and hypermultiplets. We first consider the case obtained by
compactifying M-theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold in the presence of G-fluxes.
It is found that supersymmetry allows for the construction of domain wall
configurations with curved worldvolume and a cosmological constant. However it
turns out that the equations of motion, if one insists on the supersymmetric
ansatz for the scalars and warp factor, rule out solutions with a cosmological
constant and allows only for Ricci-flat worldvolumes. Moreover, in the absence
of flux, there are non-supersymmetric solutions with worldvolumes given by
Einstein manifolds. We also generalize our results to all five dimensional
gauged supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128767 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Variability of the Vela Pulsar: Lognormal Statistics and


  Individual pulses from pulsars have intensity-phase profiles that differ
widely from pulse to pulse, from the average profile, and from phase to phase
within a pulse. Widely accepted explanations for pulsar radio emission and its
time variability do not exist. Here, by analysing data near the peak of the
Vela pulsar's average profile, we show that Vela's variability corresponds to
lognormal field statistics, consistent with the prediction of stochastic growth
theory (SGT) for a purely linear system close to marginal stability. Vela's
variability is therefore a direct manifestation of an SGT state and the field
statistics constrain the emission mechanism to be linear (either direct or
indirect), ruling out nonlinear mechanisms like wave collapse. Field statistics
are thus a powerful, potentially widely applicable tool for understanding
variability and constraining mechanisms and source characteristics of coherent
astrophysical and space emissions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3437 </DOCNO>
Relevance of soft modes for order parameter fluctuations in the


  We analyse the spin wave approximation for the 2D-XY model, directly in
reciprocal space. In this limit the model is diagonal and the normal modes are
statistically independent. Despite this simplicity non-trivial critical
properties are observed and exploited. We confirm that the observed asymmetry
for the probability density function for order parameter fluctuations comes
from the divergence of the mode amplitudes across the Brillouin zone. We show
that the asymmetry is a many body effect despite the importance played by the
zone centre. The precise form of the function is dependent on the details of
the Gibbs measure, giving weight to the idea that an effective Gibbs measure
should exist in non-equilibrium systems, if a similar distribution is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148238 </DOCNO>
Chern-Simons Theories on Noncommutative Plane


  We investigate U(N) Chern-Simons theories on noncommutative plane. We show
that for the theories to be consistent quantum mechanically, the coefficient of
the Chern-Simons term should be quantized $\kappa = n/2\pi$ with an integer
$n$. This is a surprise for the U(1) gauge theory. When uniform background
charge density $\rho_e$ is present, the quantization rule changes to $\kappa
+\rho_e\theta = n/2\pi$ with noncommutative parameter $\theta$. With the exact
expression for the angular momentum, we argue in the U(1) theory that charged
particles in the symmetric phase carry fractional spin $1/2n$ and vortices in
the broken phase carry half-integer or integer spin $-n/2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149088 </DOCNO>
Supercoherent States of OSp(8*|2N), Conformal Superfields and the


  We study the positive energy unitary representations of 2N extended
superconformal algebras OSp(8*|2N) in six dimensions. These representations can
be formulated in a particle basis or a supercoherent state basis, which are
labeled by the superspace coordinates in d=6. We show that the supercoherent
states that form the bases of positive energy representations of OSp(8*|2N) can
be identified with conformal superfields in six dimensions. The massless
conformal superfields correspond precisely to the ultra short doubleton
supermultiplets of OSp(8*|2N). The other positive energy unitary
representations correspond to massive conformal superfields in six dimensions
and they can be obtained by tensoring an arbitrary number of doubleton
supermultiplets with each other. The supermultiplets obtained by tensoring two
copies of the doubletons correspond to massless anti-de Sitter supermultiplets
in d = 7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3021 </DOCNO>
Hot Electron Magnetotransport in a Spin-Valve Transistor at Finite


  The hot electron magnetotransport in a spin-valve transistor has been
theoretically explored at finite temperatures. We have explored the parallel
and anti-parallel collector current changing the relative spin orientation of
the ferromagnetic layers at finite temperatures. In this model calculations,
hot electron energy redistribution due to spatial inhomogeneity of Schottky
barrier heights and hot electron spin polarization in the ferromagnetic layer
at finite temperatures have been taken into account. The results of this model
calculations accord with the experimental data semi-quantitative manner. We
therefore suggest that both effects remarked above should be taken into account
substantially when one explores the hot electron magnetotransport in a
spin-valve system transistor at finite temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 445 </DOCNO>
Spin-charge separation: From one hole to finite doping


  In the presence of nonlocal phase shift effects, a quasiparticle can remain
topologically stable even in a spin-charge separation state due to the
confinement effect introduced by the phase shifts at finite doping. True
deconfinement only happens in the zero-doping limit where a bare hole can lose
its integrity and decay into holon and spinon elementary excitations. The Fermi
surface structure is completely different in these two cases, from a large
band-structure-like one to four Fermi points in one-hole case, and we argue
that the so-called underdoped regime actually corresponds to a situation in
between.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124400 </DOCNO>
The motion of stars near the Galactic center: A comparison of the black


  After a discussion of the properties of degenerate fermion balls, we analyze
the orbits of the stars S0-1 and S0-2, which have the smallest projected
distances to Sgr A*, in the supermassive black hole as well as in the fermion
ball scenarios of the Galactic center. It is shown that both scenarios are
consistent with the data, as measured during the last six years by Genzel et
al. and Ghez et al. The free parameters of the projected orbit of a star are
the unknown components of its velocity v_z and distance z to Sgr A* in 1995.4,
with the z-axis being in the line of sight. We show, in the case of S0-1 and
S0-2, that the z-v_z phase-space which fits the data, is much larger for the
fermion ball than for the black hole scenario. Future measurements of the
positions or radial velocities of S0-1 and S0-2 could reduce this allowed
phase-space and eventually rule out one of the currently acceptable scenarios.
This may shed some light into the nature of the supermassive compact dark
object, or dark matter in general at the center of our Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73810 </DOCNO>
Note on the Extraction of |V_{ub}| using Radiative B Decays


  The element |V_{ub}| of the quark mixing matrix can be extracted with small
theoretical uncertainties by combining weighted integrals over the endpoint
regions of the lepton spectrum in B -> X_u l nu decays and the photon spectrum
in B -> X_s gamma decays. The perturbative corrections to this determination
are computed at next-to-leading order including operator mixing, which has an
important impact. The effect of Sudakov resummation is shown to be numerically
insignificant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123961 </DOCNO>
The evolution of emission lines in HII galaxies


  We constructed diagnostic diagrams using emission line ratios and equivalent
widths observed in several samples of HII galaxies. The diagrams are compared
to predictions from new photoionization models for evolving starbursts. We find
that HII galaxies from objective-prism surveys are not reproduced by models of
instantaneous starbursts surrounded by constant density, ionization bounded HII
regions. The observed relations between emission line ratios and Hb equivalent
width (W(Hb)) can be understood if older stellar populations are not negligible
in HII galaxies. Also, different dust obscuration for stars and gas and leakage
of Lyman continuum photons from the observed HII regions can be important. As a
result, HII galaxies selected from objective-prism surveys are unlikely to
contain many objects in which the most recent starburst is older than about
5~Myr. The observed increase of [OI]/Hb with decreasing W(Hb) can result from
the dynamical effects of winds and supernovae. This interpretation provides
also a natural explanation of the small range of ionization parameters in giant
HII regions. The [OIII]/Hb vs [OII]/Hb diagnostic diagram cannot be fully
understood in terms of pure photoionization models and indicate the need for
additional heating sources. The [NII]/[OII] ratio is shown to increase as W(Hb)
decreases. A possible explanation is an N/O increase due to gradual enrichment
by winds from Wolf-Rayet stars on a time scale of 5 Myr. (abridged abstract)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5359 </DOCNO>
Erratum: "Kinetic Theory of Spin Coherence of Electrons in


  Two typos in the published paper are pointed out. Both are just typos and the
calculations in that paper are based on the correct formulism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76117 </DOCNO>
How Neutrino and Charged Fermion Masses Are Connected Within Minimal


  Massive neutrinos are a generic prediction of SO(10), and models of
unification cry for supersymmetry. Since we have a rather detailed information
on neutrino and charged fermion masses, the real question is: how/whether it is
possible to build a SO(10) supersymmetric model, that correctly incorporates
fermion masses. We show that a simple construction is possible in the context
of a minimal theory. We concentrate on the two heaviest generations, discuss
the predictions of the model, and briefly comment on open questions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128769 </DOCNO>
Thermal Radio Emission as Incoherent Induced Radiation


  The synchrotron interpretation of radio emission from various astrophysical
objects encounters the essential difficulties . These difficulties may be
overcome in a new theory of thermal radio emission of non-uniform gas which is
based on a stimulated character of thermal radio emission following from the
relations between Einstein?s coefficients for spontaneous and induced emission
of radiation .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4971 </DOCNO>
Collective modes of color-flavor locked phase of dense QCD at finite


  A detailed analysis of collective modes that couple to either vector or axial
color currents in color-flavor locked phase of color superconducting dense
quark matter at finite temperature is presented. Among the realm of collective
modes, including the plasmons and the Nambu-Goldstone bosons, we also reveal
the gapless Carlson-Goldman modes, resembling the scalar Nambu-Golstone bosons.
These latter exist only in a close vicinity of the critical line. Their
presence does not eliminate the Meissner effect, proving that the system
remains in the color broken phase. The finite temperature properties of the
plasmons and the Nambu-Goldstone bosons are also studied. In addition to the
ordinary plasmon, we also reveal a "light" plasmon which has a narrow width and
whose mass is of the order of the superconducting gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98507 </DOCNO>
Minors of symmetric and exterior powers


  We describe some of the determinantal ideals attached to symmetric, exterior
and tensor powers of a matrix. The methods employed use elements of Zariski's
theory of complete ideals and of representation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72893 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass from Laboratory: Contribution of Double Beta Decay to the


  Double beta decay is indispensable to solve the question of the neutrino mass
matrix together with $\nu$ oscillation experiments. The most sensitive
experiment - since eight years the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment in Gran-Sasso -
already now, with the experimental limit of $<m_\nu > < 0.26$ eV practically
excludes degenerate $\nu$ mass scenarios allowing neutrinos as hot dark matter
in the universe for the smallangle MSW solution of the solar neutrino problem.
It probes cosmological models including hot dark matter already now on the
level of future satellite experiments MAP and PLANCK. It further probes many
topics of beyond SM physics at the TeV scale. Future experiments should give
access to the multi-TeV range and complement on many ways the search for new
physics at future colliders like LHC and NLC. For neutrino physics some of them
(GENIUS) will allow to test almost all neutrino mass scenarios allowed by
the present neutrino oscillation experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2991 </DOCNO>
Dynamical and correlation properties of the Internet


  The description of the Internet topology is an important open problem,
recently tackled with the introduction of scale-free networks. In this paper we
focus on the topological and dynamical properties of real Internet maps in a
three years time interval. We study higher order correlation functions as well
as the dynamics of several quantities. We find that the Internet is
characterized by non-trivial correlations among nodes and different dynamical
regimes. We point out the importance of node hierarchy and aging in the
Internet structure and growth. Our results provide hints towards the realistic
modeling of the Internet evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3552 </DOCNO>
Electronic States in the Antiferromagnetic Phase of Electron-Doped


  We investigate the electronic states in the antiferromagnetic (AF) phase of
electron-doped cuprates by using numerically exact diagonalization technique
for a t-t'-t''-J model. When AF correlation develops with decreasing
temperature, a gaplike behavior emerges in the optical conductivity.
Simultaneously, the coherent motion of carriers due to the same sublattice
hoppings is enhanced. We propose that the phase is characterized as an AF state
with small Fermi surface around the momentum k=(\pi,0) and (0,\pi). This is a
remarkable contrast to the behavior of hole-doped cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168265 </DOCNO>
Time-like flows of energy-momentum and particle trajectories for the


  The Klein-Gordon equation is interpreted in the de Broglie-Bohm manner as a
single-particle relativistic quantum mechanical equation that defines unique
time-like particle trajectories. The particle trajectories are determined by
the conserved flow of the intrinsic energy density which can be derived from
the specification of the Klein-Gordon energy-momentum tensor in an
Einstein-Riemann space. The approach is illustrated by application to the
simple single-particle phenomena associated with square potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124896 </DOCNO>
A BeppoSAX view of transient black hole candidates in quiescence


  We report on BeppoSAX observations of five transient black hole candidates
during their quiescent phase. We confirm these sources are X-ray faint,
improving on and complementing existing upper limits. We derive 1-10 keV upper
limits for GRO J0422+32, GRS 1009-45, 4U 1630-47 and XTE J1748-288, which range
from 2x10^32 erg/s to 5x10^34 erg/s. We positively detect GS 2023+338. Its
X-ray spectrum can be fit by a power law (photon index Gamma=1.9) or a thermal
bremsstrahlung (with kT= 7$ keV), converting in both cases to a 1-10 keV
unabsorbed luminosity of ~10^33 erg/s. These values are comparable to the ones
derived during an ASCA observation in 1994, indicating that the source remains
stable over a ~5 yr baseline.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148941 </DOCNO>
On Unification of RR Couplings


  We consider the couplings of RR fields with open string sector for
$Dp$-${\overline{Dp}}$ backgrounds of various $p$. Proposed approach, based on
the approximation of the open string algebra by the algebra of differential
operators, provides the unified description of these couplings and their
interrelations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125529 </DOCNO>
High Resolution X-ray Imaging of a Globular Cluster Core: Compact


  We have obtained high resolution (<1") deep x-ray images of the globular
cluster 47Tucanae (NGC 104) with the Chandra X-ray Observatory to study the
population of compact binaries in the high stellar density core. A 70 kilosec
exposure of the cluster reveals a centrally concentrated population of faint
(Lx ~10^{30-33} erg/s) x-ray sources, with at least 108 located within the
central 2arcmin X 2.5arcmin and at least half with Lx <10^{30.5} erg/s. All 15
millisecond pulsars (MSPs) recently located precisely by radio observations are
identified, though two are unresolved by Chandra. The x-ray spectral and
temporal characteristics, as well as initial optical identifications with the
Hubble Space Telescope, suggest that >~50% are millisecond pulsars, ~30% are
accreting white dwarfs, ~15% are main sequence binaries in flare outbursts and
only 2 to 3 are quiescent low mass x-ray binaries containing neutron stars, the
conventional progenitors of MSPs. An approximate upper limit of ~470Msun for
the mass of an accreting central black hole in the cluster is derived. These
observations provide the first x-ray "color-magnitude" diagram for a globular
cluster and census of its compact object and binary population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114074 </DOCNO>
Radiation reaction 4-force: orthogonal or parallel to the 4-velocity?


  In this note we point to some problems related to the standard derivation of
the radiation reaction 4-force, and we propose a new expression for this
4-force, parallel to the 4-velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4631 </DOCNO>
A Transition in the Pairing Symmetry of the Electron-Doped Cuprates


  We present measurements of the penetration depth, \lambda^{-2}(T), in
Pr_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_4 and La_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_4 films at three doping levels, x,
near optimal. Optimal and overdoped films are qualitatively and quantitatively
different from underdoped films, e.g., \lambda^{-2}(0) is twice as large and
\lambda^{-2}(T) is cubic rather than quadratic at low T. We propose that these
differences signal a transition from d- to s-wave pairing near optimal doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4011 </DOCNO>
Scaling function and universal amplitude combinations for self-avoiding


  We analyze new data for self-avoiding polygons, on the square and triangular
lattices, enumerated by both perimeter and area, providing evidence that the
scaling function is the logarithm of an Airy function. The results imply
universal amplitude combinations for all area moments and suggest that rooted
self-avoiding polygons may satisfy a $q$-algebraic functional equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98143 </DOCNO>
Deformations of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds with boundary


  Let $L$ be a special Lagrangian submanifold of a compact, Calabi-Yau manifold
$M$ with boundary lying on the symplectic, codimension 2 submanifold $W$. It is
shown how deformations of $L$ which keep the boundary of $L$ confined to $W$
can be described by an elliptic boundary value problem, and two results about
minimal Lagrangian submanifolds with boundary are derived using this fact. The
first is that the space of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds near $L$ with
boundary on $W$ is found to be finite dimensional and is parametrised over the
space of harmonic 1-forms of $L$ satisfying Neumann boundary conditions. The
second is that if $W'$ is a symplectic, codimension 2 submanifold sufficiently
near $W$, then under suitable conditions, there exists a minimal Lagrangian
submanifold $L'$ near $L$ with boundary on $W'$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125961 </DOCNO>
The Distance Scale of Planetary Nebulae


  By collecting distances from the literature, a set of 73 planetary nebulae
with mean distances of high accuracy is derived. This sample is used for
recalibration of the mass-radius relationship, used by many statistical
distance methods. An attempt to correct for a statistical peculiarity, where
errors in the distances influences the mass--radius relationship by increasing
its slope, has been made for the first time. Distances to PNe in the Galactic
Bulge, derived by this new method as well as other statistical methods from the
last decade, are then used for the evaluation of these methods as distance
indicators. In order of achieving a Bulge sample that is free from outliers we
derive new criteria for Bulge membership. These criteria are much more
stringent than those used hitherto, in the sense that they also discriminate
against background objects. By splitting our Bulge sample in two, one with
optically thick (small) PNe and one with optically thin (large) PNe, we find
that our calibration is of higher accuracy than most other calibrations.
Differences between the two subsamples, we believe, are due to the
incompleteness of the Bulge sample, as well as the dominance of optical
diameters in the ``thin'' sample and radio diameters in the ``thick'' sample.
  Our final conclusion is that statistical methods give distances that are at
least as accurate as the ones obtained from many individual methods. Also, the
`long' distance scale of Galactic PNe is confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179371 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Spectral Statistics of the Asymmetric Rotor Model


  We investigate the spectral statistics of the asymmetric rotor model
(triaxial rigid rotator). The asymmetric top is classically integrable and,
according to the Berry-Tabor theory, its spectral statistics should be
Poissonian. Surprisingly, our numerical results show that the nearest neighbor
spacing distribution $P(s)$ and the spectral rigidity $\Delta_3(L)$ do not
follow Poisson statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41509 </DOCNO>
Gravity Wave and Neutrino Bursts from Stellar Collapse: A Sensitive Test


  New methods are proposed with the goal to determine absolute neutrino masses
from the simultaneous observation of the bursts of neutrinos and gravitational
waves emitted during a stellar collapse. It is shown that the neutronization
electron neutrino flash and the maximum amplitude of the gravitational wave
signal are tightly synchronized with the bounce occuring at the end of the core
collapse on a timescale better than 1 ms. The existing underground neutrino
detectors (SuperKamiokande, SNO, ...) and the gravity wave antennas soon to
operate (LIGO, Virgo, ...) are well matched in their performance for detecting
galactic supernovae and for making use of the proposed approach. Several
methods are described, which apply to the different scenarios depending on
neutrino mixing. Given the present knowledge on neutrino oscillations, the
methods proposed are sensitive to a mass range where neutrinos would
essentially be mass-degenerate. The 95 % C.L. upper limit which can be achieved
varies from 0.75 eV/c2 for large electron neutrino survival probabilities to
1.1 eV/c2 when in practice all electron neutrinos convert into muon or tau
neutrinos. The sensitivity is nearly independent of the supernova distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124087 </DOCNO>
Observation of a Black-Hole X-ray Nova in Outburst with INTEGRAL


  We simulate the observation of a bright Nova Musca-like X-ray nova during
outburst with INTEGRAL, the next ESA gamma-ray space observatory. We will show
how performances of the INTEGRAL instruments allow deep study of X-ray Novae
and will evaluate the scientific output that INTEGRAL will provide on this
class of transient gamma-ray sources, which are now believed to contain black
holes in low mass binary systems. The variable high-energy feature around 511
keV observed from X-ray Nova Musca in 1991 by the SIGMA telescope would be
detected by INTEGRAL at very high significance level. INTEGRAL data will permit
to set important constraints on the models and allow to distinguish between
electron-positron or nuclear de-excitation origin of the line. Characteristic
spectral and timing features detected by INTEGRAL instruments over a very large
energy band will also provide clues to understand physics of accretion in these
black holes binaries and in particular to distinguish between thermal and
non-thermal origin of radiation and to assess the role of bulk motion
comptonization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83538 </DOCNO>
On-Line Difference Maximization


  In this paper we examine problems motivated by on-line financial problems and
stochastic games. In particular, we consider a sequence of entirely arbitrary
distinct values arriving in random order, and must devise strategies for
selecting low values followed by high values in such a way as to maximize the
expected gain in rank from low values to high values.
  First, we consider a scenario in which only one low value and one high value
may be selected. We give an optimal on-line algorithm for this scenario, and
analyze it to show that, surprisingly, the expected gain is n-O(1), and so
differs from the best possible off-line gain by only a constant additive term
(which is, in fact, fairly small -- at most 15).
  In a second scenario, we allow multiple nonoverlapping low/high selections,
where the total gain for our algorithm is the sum of the individual pair gains.
We also give an optimal on-line algorithm for this problem, where the expected
gain is n^2/8-\Theta(n\log n). An analysis shows that the optimal expected
off-line gain is n^2/6+\Theta(1), so the performance of our on-line algorithm
is within a factor of 3/4 of the best off-line strategy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95499 </DOCNO>
Poincare' renormalized forms and regular singular points of vector


  We discuss the local behaviour of vector fields in the plane $R^2$ around a
regular singular point using a special kind of reduced normal forms recently
introduced, i.e. Poincare' renormalized forms [Lett. Math. Phys. 42 (1997),
103-114; Ann. I.H.P. 70} (1999), 461-514]. We give a complete classification,
and provide explicit formulas for non-degenerate cases. A computational error
for a degenerate case of codimension 3 contained in previous work is corrected.
We also introduce an alternative scheme of reduction of normal forms, based on
Lie algebraic properties, and use it to discuss certain degenerate cases. Both
schemes are completely algorithmic, prove to be easy to implement, and only
require to solve linear equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76778 </DOCNO>
Is strong CP invariance due to a massless up quark?


  A standing mystery in the Standard Model is the unnatural smallness of the
strong CP violating phase. A massless up quark has long been proposed as one
potential solution. A lattice calculation of the constants of the chiral
Lagrangian essential for the determination of the up quark mass, 2 alpha_8 -
alpha_5, is presented. We find 2 alpha_8 - alpha_5 = 0.33 +/- 0.17, which
corresponds to m_u / m_d = 0.49 +/- 0.03. This is the first such calculation
using a physical number of dynamical light quarks, N_f = 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129409 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows in Pulsar-Wind Bubbles


  We propose to identify pulsar-wind bubbles (PWBs) as the environment in which
the afterglow emission in at least some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originates.
Such bubbles could naturally account for the high fraction of the internal
energy residing in relativistic electrons/positrons ($\epsilon_e$) and the high
magnetic-to-internal energy ratio ($\epsilon_B$) that have been inferred in a
number of sources. GRBs might occur within PWBs under a number of scenarios: in
particular, in the supranova model of GRB formation a prolonged (months to
years) period of intense pulsar-type wind from the GRB progenitor precedes the
burst. Focusing on this scenario, we construct a simple model of the early-time
structure of a plerionic supernova remnant. The model is based on the
assumption of an ``equipartition'' upper bound on the electromagnetic-
to-thermal pressure ratio in the bubble and takes into account synchrotron-
radiation cooling. We derive an expression for the effective hydrogen number
density $n_{H,equiv}$ of the shocked pulsar wind in terms of the comoving
particle pressure and electromagnetic fields. We show that, for plausible
parameter values, $n_{H,equiv}$ spans the range inferred from spectral fits to
GRB afterglows and that its radial profile varies within the bubble and may
resemble a uniform interstellar medium or a stellar wind. We consider how the
standard expressions for the characteristic synchrotron spectrum are modified
when the afterglow-emitting shock propagates inside a PWB and demonstrate that
the predictions for the empirically inferred values of $\epsilon_e$ and
$\epsilon_B$ are compatible with the observations. Finally, we outline a
self-consistent interpretation of the X-ray emission features detected in
sources like GRB 991216 in the context of the supranova/PWB picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86516 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative finite-dimensional manifolds. I. Spherical manifolds and


  The main result of this paper is a complete description of noncommutative
three-dimensional spherical manifolds, a noncommutative version of the sphere
$S^3$ defined by basic K-theoretic equations. We find a 3-parameter family of
deformations of the standard 3-sphere $S^3$ and a corresponding 3-parameter
deformation of the 4-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb R^4$. For generic
values of the deformation parameters we show that the obtained algebras of
polynomials on the deformed $\mathbb R^4_{\mathbf{u}}$ are isomorphic to the
algebras introduced by Sklyanin in connection with the Yang-Baxter equation.
Special values of the deformation parameters do not give rise to Sklyanin
algebras and we extract a subclass, the $\theta$-deformations, which we
generalize in any dimension and various contexts, and study in some details.
Here, and this point is crucial, the dimension is not an artifact, i.e. the
dimension of the classical model, but is the Hochschild dimension of the
corresponding algebra which remains constant during the deformation. Besides
the standard noncommutative tori, examples of $\theta$-deformations include the
recently defined noncommutative 4-sphere $S^4_{\theta}$ as well as $
m$-dimensional generalizations, noncommutative versions of spaces $\mathbb R^m$
and quantum groups which are deformations of various classical groups. We also
show that the hermitian projections corresponding to the noncommutative
$2n$-dimensional spherical manifolds $S^{2n}_{\theta}$ have differential
self-duality properties which generalize the self-duality of the round
instanton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74650 </DOCNO>
Searches for new particles at LEP: a summary report


  We review the progress made at LEP in the quest for new particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75396 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature world-line formalism and analytic continuation


  In vacuum, the world-line formalism is an efficient tool for calculating
observables in the presence of arbitrary constant external fields. The natural
frame of this formalism is the Euclidean space. At finite temperature the
analytic continuation to Minkowski space is a subtle task. We study the two
point function in scalar QED, and we figure out the problem of analytic
continuation giving a possible solution for it. We also show, in contrast to
what was claimed in the literature, that a translationally invariant world-line
Green's function could be used at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128941 </DOCNO>
A Search for Water Maser Emission in Southern AGN and Star Forming


  We report the cumulative results of five surveys for water maser emission at
1.35 cm wavelength in 131 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and star-forming
galaxies, conducted at the Parkes Observatory between 1993 and 1998. We
detected one new maser, in the edge-on galaxy IRASF01063-8034, which exhibits a
single, about 0.1 Jy spectral feature at 4282+/-6 km/s (heliocentric) with an
unusually large 54+/-16 km/s half-power full width. The centroid velocity of
the emission increased to 4319.6+/-0.6 km/s (38+/-2 km/s width) over the 13
days between discovery and confirmation of the detection. A similarly broad
linewidth and large change in velocity has been noted for the maser in NGC1052,
wherein jet activity excites the emission. Neither optical spectroscopy,
radio-infrared correlations, nor infrared colors provide compelling evidence of
unusual activity in the nucleus of IRASF01063-8034. Since the galaxy appears to
be outwardly normal at optical and infrared wavelengths, detection of a water
maser therein is unique. The maser emission is evidence that the galaxy harbors
an AGN that is probably obscured by the edge-on galactic disk. The detection
highlights the possibility that undetected AGNs could be hidden in other
relatively nearby galaxies. No other maser emission features have been
identified at velocities between 3084 km/s and 6181 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113602 </DOCNO>
On non-measurable sets and invariant tori


  The question: "How many different trajectories are there on a single
invariant torus within the phase space of an integrable Hamiltonian system?" is
posed. A rigorous answer to the question is found both for the rational and the
irrational tori. The relevant notion of non-measurable sets is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74691 </DOCNO>
Constraining the window on sterile neutrinos as warm dark matter


  Sterile neutrinos may be one of the best Warm Dark Matter candidates we have
today. Both lower and upper bounds on the mass of the sterile neutrino come
from astronomical observations. We show that the proper inclusion of the
neutrino momentum distribution reduces the allowed region to be 2.6 keV < m < 5
keV for the simplest models. A search for a spectral line with E=m/2 is thus
more interesting than ever before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95848 </DOCNO>
Gluing tight contact structures


  We prove gluing theorems for tight contact structures. In particular, we
rederive (as special cases) gluing theorems due to Colin and Makar-Limanov, and
present an algorithm for determining whether a given contact structure on a
handlebody is tight. As applications, we construct a tight contact structure on
a genus 4 handlebody which becomes overtwisted after Legendrian -1 surgery, and
study certain Legendrian surgeries on T^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99170 </DOCNO>
Ergodic theory and maximal abelian subalgebras of the hyperfinite factor


  Let T be a free ergodic measure-preserving action of an abelian group G on
(X,mu). The crossed product algebra R_T has two distinguished masas, the image
C_T of L^infty(X,mu) and the algebra S_T generated by the image of G. We
conjecture that conjugacy of the singular masas S_{T^(1)} and S_{T^(2)} for
weakly mixing actions T^(1) and T^(2) of different groups implies that the
groups are isomorphic and the actions are conjugate with respect to this
isomorphism. Our main result supporting this conjecture is that the conclusion
is true under the additional assumption that the isomorphism gamma of R_{T^(1)}
onto R_{T^(2)} such that gamma(S_{T^(1)})=S_{T^(2)} has the property that the
Cartan subalgebras gamma(C_{T^(1)}) and C_{T^(2)} of R_{T^(2)} are inner
conjugate. We discuss a stronger conjecture about the structure of the
automorphism group Aut(R_T,S_T), and a weaker one about entropy as a conjugacy
invariant. We study also the Pukanszky and some related invariants of S_T, and
show that they have a simple interpretation in terms of the spectral theory of
the action T. It follows that essentially all values of the Pukanszky invariant
are realized by the masas S_T, and there exist non-conjugate singular masas
with the same Pukanszky invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96706 </DOCNO>
Locus configurations and $\vee$-systems


  We present a new family of the locus configurations which is not related to
$\vee$-systems thus giving the answer to one of the questions raised in
\cite{V1} about the relation between the generalised quantum Calogero-Moser
systems and special solutions of the generalised WDVV equations. As a
by-product we have new examples of the hyperbolic equations satisfying the
Huygens' principle in the narrow Hadamard's sense. Another result is new
multiparameter families of $\vee$-systems which gives new solutions of the
generalised WDVV equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75671 </DOCNO>
Nonunitary neutrino mixing matrix and CP violating neutrino oscillations


  In the standard approach to the neutrino oscillations a unitary relation
among weak and mass eigenstates of light neutrinos is imposed. However, in many
extensions of the SM left-handed, active neutrinos mix with additional heavy
neutrino states. Consequences of this additional mixing, driven by experimental
constraints, on the neutrino oscillations are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123928 </DOCNO>
Velocity and density spectra of the Small Magellanic Cloud


  This paper reports results on the statistical analysis of HI turbulence in
the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We use 21 cm channel maps, obtained with the
Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes telescope, and analyze the
spectrum of observed intensity fluctuations as a function of the velocity slice
thickness. We confirm predictions by Lazarian & Pogosyan (2000) on the change
of the power law index and establish the spectra of 3-D density and velocity.
The obtained spectral indices, -3.3 and -3.4, are slightly more shallow than
the predictions for the Kolmogorov spectrum. This contrasts to the predictions
for the shock-type spectra that are steeper than the Kolmogorov one. The nature
of the energy injection in the SMC is unclear as no distinct energy injection
scales are observed up to the entire scale of the SMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128457 </DOCNO>
Abundances of Recently Discovered Planetary Nebulae Towards the Galactic


  In this work we report spectrophotometric observations of a planetary nebula
sample towards the galactic bulge. A total of 45 PNe was observed and their
physical parameters (electron density and temperature) were derived. Ionic
abundances were calculated using a three-level atom model and abundances were
derived through ionisation correction factors. Results show low abundance
objects at high galactic latitudes, indicating a possible vertical gradient
inside the bulge. A few objects with low N/O ratio were found, which could
originated from old, low mass progenitors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4195 </DOCNO>
Two-site dynamical mean-field theory


  It is shown that a minimum realization of the dynamical mean-field theory
(DMFT) can be achieved by mapping a correlated lattice model onto an impurity
model in which the impurity is coupled to an uncorrelated bath that consists of
a single site only. The two-site impurity model can be solved exactly. The
mapping is approximate. The self-consistency conditions are constructed in a
way that the resulting ``two-site DMFT'' reduces to the previously discussed
linearized DMFT for the Mott transition. It is demonstrated that a reasonable
description of the mean-field physics is possible with a minimum computational
effort. This qualifies the simple two-site DMFT for a systematic study of more
complex lattice models which cannot be treated by the full DMFT in a feasible
way. To show the strengths and limitations of the new approach, the single-band
Hubbard model is investigated in detail. The predictions of the two-site DMFT
are compared with results of the full DMFT. Internal consistency checks are
performed which concern the Luttinger sum rule, other Fermi-liquid relations
and thermodynamic consistency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148409 </DOCNO>
Hadamard States and Two-dimensional Gravity


  We have used a two-dimensional analog of the Hadamard state-condition to
study the local constraints on the two-point function of a linear quantum field
conformally coupled to a two-dimensional gravitational background. We develop a
dynamical model in which the determination of the state of the quantum field is
essentially related to the determination of a conformal frame. A particular
conformal frame is then introduced in which a two-dimensional gravitational
equation is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41378 </DOCNO>
A Study of the Lorentz Structure in Tau Decays


  This paper describes a measurement of the Michel parameters, \eta, \rho, \xi,
\xi\delta, and the average \nu_{\tau} helicity, h_{\nu_{\tau}}, in tau lepton
decays together with the first measurement of the tensor coupling in the weak
charged current. The tau+tau- pairs were produced at the LEP e+e- collider at
CERN from 1992 through 1995 in the DELPHI detector. Assuming lepton
universality in the decays of the tau the measured values of the parameters
were:
  \eta = -0.005 +/- 0.036 +/- 0.037,
  \rho = 0.775 +/- 0.023 +/- 0.020,
  \xi = 0.929 +/- 0.070 +/- 0.030,
  \xi\delta = 0.779 +/- 0.070 +/- 0.028, h_{\nu_{\tau}} = -0.997 +/- 0.027 +/-
0.011. The strength of the tensor coupling was measured to be \kappa^W_\tau =
-0.029 +/- 0.036 +/- 0.018. The first error is statistical and the second error
is systematic in all cases. The results are consistent with the V-A structure
of the weak charged current in decays of the tau lepton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128242 </DOCNO>
The large-scale rms bulk velocity estimated from QSOs' Ly$\alpha$


  We propose a method for estimating the large-scale rms bulk velocity of the
cosmic mass field from the transmitted fluxes of Ly$\alpha$ forests. It is
based on two linear relationships on large scales: 1) the relation between the
fluctuations of the transmission and the underlying density field, and 2) the
relation between the density fluctuations and the peculiar velocity field. We
show that, with a multiscale decomposition, the two relations can be
effectively employed for predicting the rms bulk velocity. Since QSO's
Ly$\alpha$ forest is due to the absorptions of diffusely distributed and
photoionized IGM, this method provides an independent estimate of the rms
bulk velocity at high redshifts, on large scales, and free from the bias of
galaxies. Using the transmitted flux of 60 moderate-resolution QSO spectra, the
rms bulk velocity is found to be 230$\pm$50 km s$^{-1}$ around redshift
$z=2.25$ on scale 23 h$^{-1}$Mpc, and down to 110$\pm$45 km s$^{-1}$ around
$z=3.25$ on scale 92 h$^{-1}$Mpc for an LCDM universe ($\Omega=0.3$ and
$\Lambda=0.7$). The results are basically consistent with the linear evolution
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76482 </DOCNO>
Brane World Susy Breaking


  In brane world models of nature, supersymmetry breaking is often isolated on
a distant brane in a higher dimensional space. The form of the Kahler potential
in generic string and M-theory brane world backgrounds is shown to give rise to
tree-level non-universal squark and slepton masses. This results from the
exchange of bulk supergravity fields and warping of the internal geometry. This
is contrary to the notion that bulk locality gives rise to a sequestered
no-scale form of the Kahler potential with vanishing tree-level masses and
solves the supersymmetric flavor problem. As a result, a radiatively generated
anomaly mediated superpartner spectrum is not a generic outcome of these
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86740 </DOCNO>
Classification of local conservation laws of Maxwell's equations


  A complete and explicit classification of all independent local conservation
laws of Maxwell's equations in four dimensional Minkowski space is given.
Besides the elementary linear conservation laws, and the well-known quadratic
conservation laws associated to the conserved stress-energy and zilch tensors,
there are also chiral quadratic conservation laws which are associated to a new
conserved tensor. The chiral conservation laws possess odd parity under the
electric-magnetic duality transformation of Maxwell's equations, in contrast to
the even parity of the stress-energy and zilch conservation laws. The main
result of the classification establishes that every local conservation law of
Maxwell's equations is equivalent to a linear combination of the elementary
conservation laws, the stress-energy and zilch conservation laws, the chiral
conservation laws, and their higher order extensions obtained by replacing the
electromagnetic field tensor by its repeated Lie derivatives with respect to
the conformal Killing vectors on Minkowski space. The classification is based
on spinorial methods and provides a direct, unified characterization of the
conservation laws in terms of Killing spinors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148073 </DOCNO>
AdS_6/CFT_5 correpondence for F(4) Supergravity


  F(4) supergravity, the gauge theory of the exceptional six-dimensional
Anti-de Sitter superalgebra, is coupled to an arbitrary number of vector
multiplets whose scalar components parametrize the quaternionic manifold
SO(4,n)/SO(4)\times SO(n). By gauging the compact subgroup SU(2)_d \otimes G,
where SU(2)_d is the diagonal subgroup of SO(4)= SU(2)_L\otimes SU(2)_R (the
R-symmetry group of six-dimensional Poincare' supergravity) and G is a compact
group such that dim G = n. The potential admits an AdS background for g=3m, as
the pure F(4)-supergravity. The boundary F(4) superconformal fields are
realized in terms of a singleton superfield (hypermultiplet) in harmonic
superspace with flag manifold SU(2)/U(1)=S^2. We analize the spectrum of short
representations in terms of superconformal primaries and predict general
features of the K-K specrum of massive type IIA supergravity compactified on
warped AdS_6\otimes S^4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168338 </DOCNO>
Semicausal operations are semilocalizable


  We prove a conjecture by DiVincenzo, which in the terminology of Preskill et
al. [quant-ph/0102043] states that ``semicausal operations are
semilocalizable''. That is, we show that any operation on the combined system
of Alice and Bob, which does not allow Bob to send messages to Alice, can be
represented as an operation by Alice, transmitting a quantum particle to Bob,
and a local operation by Bob. The proof is based on the uniqueness of the
Stinespring representation for a completely positive map. We sketch some of the
problems in transferring these concepts to the context of relativistic quantum
field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40732 </DOCNO>
Correlated /\c-/\cbar production in e+e- annihilations at sqrt{s}~10.5


  Using 13.6/fb of continuum two-jet e+e- -> ccbar events collected with the
CLEO detector, we have searched for baryon number correlations at the primary
quark level. We have measured the likelihood for a /\c+ charmed baryon to be
produced in the hemisphere opposite a /\c- relative to the likelihood for a
/\c+ charmed baryon to be produced opposite an anticharmed meson Dbar; in all
cases, the reconstructed hadrons must have momentum greater than 2.3 GeV/c. We
find that, given a /\c- (reconstructed in five different decay modes), a /\c+
is observed in the opposite hemisphere (0.72+/-0.11)% of the time (not
corrected for efficiency). By contrast, given a Dbar in one hemisphere, a /\c+
is observed in the opposite hemisphere only (0.21+/-0.02)% of the time.
Normalized to the total number of either /\c- or Dbar ``tags'', it is therefore
3.52+/-0.45+/-0.42 times more likely to find a /\c+ opposite a /\c- than a Dbar
meson. This enhancement is not observed in the JETSET 7.3 e+e- -> ccbar Monte
Carlo simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113404 </DOCNO>
Analytic solution for a class of turbulence problems


  An exact analytical method for determining the Lagrangian velocity
correlation and the diffusion coefficient for particles moving in a stochastic
velocity field is derived. It applies to divergence-free 2-dimensional Gaussian
stochastic fields which are stationary, homogeneous and have factorized
Eulerian correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1862 </DOCNO>
Revisit Phase Separation of the Two-Dimensional $t-J$ model by the


  The power-Lanczos (PL) method is one kind of Green's function Monte-Carlo
simulation, which is improved by Lanczos iterations. The ground state energies
of strongly-correlated models can be evaluated by this method quite accurately.
In this report, the boundary of phase separation (PS) of the two-dimensional
$t-J$ model is investigated by the power-Lanczos method and Maxwell
construction. The energies are compared with the results evaluated by other
methods. Our conclusion is that there is no phase separation for $J/t \le 0.4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128970 </DOCNO>
The merger stage of the ultra-luminous infrared galaxy IRAS 03158+4227


  We examine the merger stage of IRAS 03158+4227, one of the most luminous
ULIRGs from the IRAS 2 Jy sample. Deep optical images are presented along with
high-resolution NIR images and optical low-resolution spectra. IRAS 03158+4227
is confirmed as a component of an equal-luminosity binary galaxy with a nuclei
separation of 47 / (h/75) kpc. A long lopsided tail emanating from the
companion, which harbours an active nucleus, is the most prominent peculiar
feature of the binary. The results of numerical simulations admit the
interpretation of this structure as a product of the tidal interaction between
the two components. If the infrared-activity of IRAS 03158+4227 is also
dynamically triggered by this process, this would implicate that the ULIRG
phenomenon is not restricted to the final stage of a binary merger.
Alternatively, the system may be a multiple merger where the partner(s)
has/have already coalesced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41826 </DOCNO>
High-mass dijet cross sections in photoproduction at HERA


  Dijet differential cross sections for the reaction e+p -> e+ + jet + jet + X
in the photoproduction regime have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA
using an integrated luminosity of 42.7 pb**{-1}. The cross sections are given
for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies in the range 134< W <277 GeV. The
differential cross sections as a function of the dijet mass, Mjj, and of the
dijet angular variables have been measured for 47 < Mjj < 160 GeV and compared
to next-to-leading-order QCD calculations. The dijet events in the region 75<
Mjj < 100 GeV have been used to derive a 95% C.L. upper limit on the cross
section for Z0 photoproduction of sigma(e+ p -> e+ Z0 X} < 5.9 pb. Upper limits
on the photoproduction of new heavy resonances decaying into two jets are also
presented for masses in the range between 60 GeV and 155 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86214 </DOCNO>
Scalar--Flat Lorentzian Einstein--Weyl Spaces


  We find all three-dimensional Einstein--Weyl spaces with the vanishing scalar
curvature

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7056 </DOCNO>
Chaotic oscillation in attractive Bose-Einstein condensate under an


  For an attractive trapped Bose-Einstein condensate an imaginary three-body
recombination loss term and an imaginary linear source term are usually
included in the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation for a proper account of
dynamics. Under the action of an impulsive force, generated by suddenly
changing the atomic interaction or the trapping potential, the solution of this
complex GP equation for attractive interaction is found to lead to a very long
term chaotic oscillation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127247 </DOCNO>
Analysis of astronomical data from optical superconducting tunnel


  Currently operating optical superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detectors,
developed in ESA, can simultaneously measure the wavelength (delta lambda = 50
nm at 500 nm) and arrival time (to within ~5 micros) of individual photons in
the range 310-720 nm with an efficiency of ~70%, and with count rates of order
5,000 photons per second per junction. A number of STJ junctions placed in an
array format generates four-dimensional data: photon arrival time, energy, and
array element (X,Y). Such STJ cameras are ideally suited for, e.g., high time-
resolution spectrally-resolved monitoring of variable sources or low-resolution
spectroscopy of faint extragalactic objects.
   The reduction of STJ data involves detector efficiency correction, atmo-
spheric extinction correction, sky background subtraction, and, unlike that of
data from CCD-based systems, a more complex energy calibration, barycentric
arrival time correction, energy range selection, and time binning; these steps
are, in many respects, analogous to procedures followed in high-energy astro-
physics. This paper discusses these calibration steps in detail using a repre-
sentative observation of the cataclysmic variable UZ Fornacis; these data were
obtained with ESA's S-Cam2 6x6-pixel device. We furthermore discuss issues re-
lated to telescope pointing and guiding, differential atmospheric refraction,
and atmosphere-induced image motion and image smearing (`seeing') in the focal
plane. We also present a simple and effective recipe for extracting the evolu-
tion of atmospheric seeing with time from any science exposure, and discuss a
number of caveats in the interpretation of STJ-based time-binned data, such as
light curves and hardness ratio plots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1583 </DOCNO>
A Superconductor Made by a Metal Heterostructure at the Atomic Limit


  We have studied the variation of Tc with charge density and lattice
parameters in Mg1-xAlxB2 superconducting samples at low Al doping x<8%. We show
that high Tc occurs where the chemical potential is tuned at a "superconducting
shape resonance" near the energy Ec of the quantum critical point (QCP) for the
dimensional transition from 2D to 3D electronic structure in a particular
subband of the natural superlattice of metallic atomic boron layers. At the
"shape resonance" the electrons pairs see a 2D Fermi surface at EF-w0 and a 3D
Fermi surface at EF+wo, where wo is the energy cut off of the pairing
interaction. The resonant amplification occurs in a narrow energy range where
EF-Ec is in the range of 2wo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3861 </DOCNO>
Colloidal dipolar interactions in 2D smectic C films


  We use a two-dimensional (2D) elastic free energy to calculate the effective
interaction between two circular disks immersed in smectic-$C$ films. For
strong homeotropic anchoring, the distortion of the director field caused by
the disks generates additional topological defects that induce an effective
interaction between the disks. We use finite elements, with adaptive meshing,
to minimize the 2D elastic free energy. The method is shown to be accurate and
efficient for inhomogeneities on the length scales set by the disks and the
defects, that differ by up to 3 orders of magnitude. We compute the effective
interaction between two disk-defect pairs in a simple (linear) configuration.
For large disk separations, $D$, the elastic free energy scales as $\sim
D^{-2}$, confirming the dipolar character of the long-range effective
interaction. For small $D$ the energy exhibits a pronounced minimum. The lowest
energy corresponds to a symmetrical configuration of the disk-deffect pairs,
with the inner defect at the mid-point between the disks. The disks are
separated by a distance that is twice the distance of the outer defect from the
nearest disk. The latter is identical to the equilibrium distance of a defect
nucleated by an isolated disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6839 </DOCNO>
Zeeman effects on the impurity-induced resonances in d-wave


  It is shown how the resonant states induced by a single spinless impurity in
a d-wave superconductor evolve under the effect of an applied Zeeman magnetic
field. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the spin-orbit coupling to the
impurity potential can have important and characteristic effects on the
resonant states and their response to the Zeeman field, especially when the
impurity is close to the unitary limit. For zero or very small spin-orbit
interaction, the resonant states becomes Zeeman splitted by the magnetic field
while when the spin-orbit coupling is important, new low-lying resonances arise
which do not show any Zeeman splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179712 </DOCNO>
Light Front Field Theory Calculation of Deuteron Properties


  Light front dynamics is a promising approach for calculating the deuteron
wave function and form factors at high momentum transfers. However, in
light-front dynamics rotational invariance is not manifest, which results in a
splitting in the binding energies of states with different magnetic quantum
numbers and a breaking of the angular condition for the matrix elements of the
deuteron current operator. The objective of this work is to investigate the
symptoms of broken rotational invariance.
  We first consider the Wick-Cutkosky model. The binding energies of states
with different m values are split when calculated with the OME potential, but
this splitting is reduced for all states when the TME potential is included.
Next, we derive light-front nucleon-nucleon OME and TME potentials from an
effective nuclear Lagrangian. We consider first the potentials generated by the
exchange of pions only, then the potentials generated by all the mesons. For
both models, there is a splitting in the binding energies between the m=0 and
m=1 deuteron states when the OME potential is used, which is reduced when we
include the TME potential.
  The deuteron wave functions are used to calculate the electromagnetic and
axial current matrix elements and form factors. The matrix elements of the
electromagnetic current operator have better transformation properties under
rotations when we use the OME potential instead of the OME+TME potential to
calculate the wave functions. At momentum transfers greater than about 2 GeV^2,
the breaking of rotational invariance causes less uncertainty in the A and B
form factors than do the uncertainties in the nucleon form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76391 </DOCNO>
On the Mixed Propagator Approach to $\rho -\omega$ Mixing


  Mixed Propagator (MP) approach to $\rho-\omega$ mixing is discussed. It is
found that under the pole-approximation assumption the results of MP approach
is not compatible both with the effective Lagrangian theory and with the
experiment measurement criterion. To overcome these inconsistent, we propose a
new MP approach in which the physical states of $\rho$ and $\omega$ are
determined by the requirement of experimental measurement to meson resonance.
In terms of this new MP approach, the EM pion form factor $F_\pi$ and form
factors of $\rho^0 \to \pi^0 \gamma$ and of $\omega \to \pi^0 \gamma$ are
derived. The results of $F_\pi$ are in good agreement with data. The form
factor of $\rho^0 \to \pi^0 \gamma$ exhibits a hidden charge-asymmetry
enhancement effect which agree with the prediction of the effective Lagrangian
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124848 </DOCNO>
Spatial correlation functions and the pairwise peculiar velocity


  We report on the measurement of the two-point correlation function, and the
pairwise peculiar velocity of galaxies in the IRAS PSCz survey. We compute
these statistics first in redshift space, and then obtain the projected
functions which have simple relations to the real-space correlation functions
on the basis of the method developed earlier in analyzing the Las Campanas
Redshift Survey (LCRS) by Jing, Mo, & B\"orner (1998). We find that the real
space two-point correlation function can be fitted to a power law $\xi(r) =
(r_0/r)^{\gamma}$ with $\gamma=1.69$ and $r_0=3.70 \mpc$. The pairwise peculiar
velocity dispersion $\sigma_{12}(r_p)$ is close to $400 \kms$ at $r_p=3\mpc$
and decreases to about $150 \kms$ at $r_p \approx 0.2 \mpc$. These values are
significantly lower than those obtained from the LCRS. In order to understand
the implications of those measurements on the galaxy biasing, we construct mock
samples for a low density spatially-flat cold dark matter model ($\Omega_0 =
0.3$, $\lambda_0=0.7$, $\Gamma=0.2$, $\sigma_8=1$) using a set of
high-resolution N-body simulations. Applying a stronger cluster-underweight
biasing ($\propto M^{-0.25}$) than for the LCRS ($\propto M^{-0.08}$), we are
able to reproduce these observational data, except for the strong decrease of
the pairwise peculiar velocity at small separations. This is qualitatively
ascribed to the different morphological mixture of galaxies in the two
catalogues. Disk-dominated galaxy samples drawn from the theoretically
constructed GIF catalog yield results rather similar to our mock samples with
the simple cluster-underweight biasing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75899 </DOCNO>
Improved Analysis of B->pi e nu from QCD Sum Rules on the Light-Cone


  We present a new calculation of the B->pi form-factor f_+, relevant for the
measurement of |V_{ub}| from semileptonic B->pi transitions, from QCD sum rules
on the light-cone. The new element is the calculation of radiative corrections
to next-to-leading twist-3 accuracy.
  We find that these contributions are factorizable at O(alpha_s), which lends
additional support to the method of QCD sum rules on the light-cone. We obtain
f_+(0) = 0.26\pm 0.06 \pm 0.05, where the first error accounts for the
uncertainty in the input-parameters and the second is a guesstimate of the
systematic uncertainty induced by the approximations inherent in the method. We
also obtain a simple parametrization of the form-factor which is valid in the
entire kinematical range of semileptonic decays and consistent with
vector-meson dominance at large momentum-transfer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125875 </DOCNO>
Ultra-Luminous Infrared Mergers: Elliptical Galaxies in Formation?


  We report high quality near-infrared spectroscopy of 12 ultra-luminous
infrared galaxy mergers (ULIRGs). Our new VLT and Keck data provide ~0.5"
resolution, stellar and gas kinematics of these galaxies most of which are
compact systems in the last merger stages.
  We confirm that ULIRG mergers are 'ellipticals-in-formation'. Random motions
dominate their stellar dynamics, but significant rotation is common. Gas and
stellar dynamics are decoupled in most systems. ULIRGs fall on or near the
fundamental plane of hot stellar systems, and especially on its less evolution
sensitive, r(eff)-sigma projection. The ULIRG velocity dispersion distribution,
their location in the fundamental plane and their distribution of
v(rot)*sin(i)/sigma closely resemble those of intermediate mass (~L*),
elliptical galaxies with moderate rotation. As a group ULIRGs do not resemble
giant ellipticals with large cores and little rotation. Our results are in good
agreement with other recent studies indicating that disky ellipticals with
compact cores or cusps can form through dissipative mergers of gas rich, disk
galaxies while giant ellipticals with large cores have a different formation
history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86834 </DOCNO>
Phase Space of Compact Bianchi Models with Fluid


  The structure of phase space is determined for spatially compact and locally
homogeneous universe models with fluid. Analysis covers models with all
possible space topologies except for those covered by S^3, H^3 or S^2xR which
have no moduli freedom. We show that space topology significantly affects the
number of dynamical degrees of freedom of the system. In particular, we give a
detailed proof of the result that for the systems modeled on the Thurston types
H^2xR and SL_2, which have locally the Bianchi type III or VIII symmetry, the
number of dynamical degrees of freedom increases without bound when the space
topology becomes more and more complicated, which was first pointed out by
Koike, Tanimoto and Hosoya in an incomplete form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97998 </DOCNO>
Mixing on a class of rank one transformations


  We prove that a rank one transformation satisfying a condition called
restricted growth is a mixing transformation if and only if the spacer sequence
for the transformation is uniformly ergodic. Uniform ergodicity is a
generalization of the notion of ergodicity for sequences in the sense that the
mean ergodic theorem holds for what we call dynamical sequences. In particular,
Adams' class of staircase transformations and Ornstein's class constructed
using ``random spacers'' have both restricted growth and uniformly ergodic
spacer sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179704 </DOCNO>
Radiative Muon Capture by He-3


  The rate of the nuclear reaction $^3He+\mu^- \to ^3H+\gamma+\nu_{\mu}$ has
been calculated using both the elementary particle model (EPM) approach and the
impulse approximation (IA) approach. Using the EPM approach, the exclusive
statistical radiative muon capture (RMC) rate for photon energy greater than 57
MeV is found to be $0.245 s^{-1}$ and the ordinary muon capture (OMC) rate to
be $1503 s^{-1}$. The IA calculation exhibits a slight dependence on the type
of trinucleon wave functions used. The difference between the IA and EPM
calculation is larger for RMC than for OMC. To resolve the difference between
the two approaches a more detailed investigation including meson exchange
corrections will be required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125494 </DOCNO>
Dynamics and the Origin of Low-Mass Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster


  Early-type dwarfs are the most common galaxy in the local universe, yet their
origin and evolution remain a mystery. Various cosmological scenarios predict
that dwarf-like galaxies in dense areas are the first to form and hence should
be the oldest stellar systems in clusters. By using radial velocities of
early-type dwarfs in the Virgo cluster we demonstrate that these galaxies are
not an old cluster population but have signatures of production from the infall
of field galaxies. Evidence of this includes the combined large dispersions and
sub-structure in spatial and kinematic distributions for Virgo early-type
dwarfs, and a velocity dispersion ratio with giant ellipticals expected for
virialized and accreted populations. We also argue that these galaxies cannot
originate from accreted field dwarfs, but must have physically evolved from a
precursor population, of different morphology, that fell into Virgo some time
in the past.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148709 </DOCNO>
How Does God Play Dice? (Pre-)Determinism at the Planck Scale


  In deterministic theories, one can start from a set of ontological states to
formulate the dynamical laws, but these may not be directly observable.
Observable are only equivalence classes of states, and these will span a basis
of "beables", to be promoted to an orthonormal basis of Hilbert Space. After
transforming this basis to a more conventional basis, a theory may result that
is fundamentally quantum mechanical. It is conjectured that the quantum laws of
the real world may be understood from exactly such a procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3666 </DOCNO>
Reply to Dhar's comment on "Can disorder induce a finite thermal


  In his comment, Dhar (cond-mat/0106349) claims that the existence and
uniqueness of a nonequilibrium stationary state has been proved by Lebowitz et
al. We should point out that our observation does not contradict the proof.
They have only proved that when a (mass) disordered harmonic chain is placed in
contact with stochastic reservoirs of the Langevin type, a nonequilibrium
stationary state can be reached. However, they didn't prove the existence and
uniqueness of the nonequilibrium stationary state for the general case, namely,
when the chain is in contact with general thermostated reservoirs (see Bonneto
et al. math-ph/0002052).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41086 </DOCNO>
Investigation of vacuum polarization in t-channel radiative Bhabha


  We discuss the possibility of a precision measurement of vacuum polarization
in t-channel radiative Bhabha scattering at a high luminosity collider. For
illustration, the achievable precision is estimated for the BaBar experiment at
PEP-II and for the OPAL experiment at LEP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72738 </DOCNO>
Toward Quantum Gravity I: Newton Gravitation Constant, Cosmological


  This study toward quantum gravity (QG) introduces an SU(N) gauge theory with
the \Theta vacuum term as a trial theory. Newton gravitation constant G_N is
realized as the effective coupling constant for a massive graviton, G_N
/\sqrt{2} = g_f g_g^2/8 M_G^2 \simeq 10^{-38} GeV^{-2} with the gauge boson
mass M_G = M_{Pl} \simeq 10^{19} GeV, the gravitational coupling constant g_g,
and the gravitational factor g_f. This scheme postulates the effective
cosmological constant as the effective vacuum energy represented by massive
gauge bosons, \Lambda_e = 8 \pi G_N M_G^4, and provides a plausible explanation
for the small cosmological constant at the present epoch \Lambda_0 \simeq
10^{-84} GeV^2 and the large value at the Planck epoch \Lambda_{Pl} \simeq
10^{38} GeV^2; the condensation of the singlet gauge field <\phi> triggers the
current anomaly and subtracts the gauge boson mass, M_G^2 = M_{Pl}^2 - g_f
g_g^2 <\phi>^2 = g_f g_g^2 (A_{0}^2 - <\phi>^2), as the vacuum energy.
Relations among QG, general relativity, and Newtonian mechanics are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127458 </DOCNO>
Binaries discovered by the SPY project I. HE 1047-0436: a subdwarf B +


  In the course of our search for double degenerate binaries as potential
progenitors of type Ia supernovae with the UVES spectrograph at the ESO VLT
(ESO SN Ia Progenitor surveY - SPY) we discovered that the sdB star HE
1047-0436 is radial velocity variable. The orbital period of 1.213253d, a
semi-amplitude of 94km/s, and a minimum mass of the invisible companion of
0.44Msol are derived from the analysis of the radial velocity curve. We use an
upper limit on the projected rotational velocity of the sdB star to constrain
the system inclination and the companion mass to M>0.71Msol, bringing the total
mass of the system closer to the Chandrasekhar limit. However, the system will
merge due to loss of angular momentum via gravitational wave radiation only
after several Hubble times. Atmospheric parameters and metal abundances are
also derived. The resulting values are typical for sdB stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75963 </DOCNO>
Double Diffractive Higgs and Di-photon Production at the Tevatron and


  We use the POMWIG Monte Carlo generator to predict the cross-sections for
double diffractive higgs and di-photon production at the Tevatron and LHC. We
find that the higgs production cross-section is too small to be observable at
Tevatron energies, and even at the LHC observation would be difficult. Double
diffractive di-photon production, however, should be observable within one year
of Tevatron Run II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75173 </DOCNO>
The Higgs Boson Sector of the Complex MSSM in the Feynman-diagrammatic


  In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with complex parameters (cMSSM)
we calculate higher order corrections to the Higgs boson sector in the
Feynman-diagrammatic approach using the on-shell renormalization scheme. The
application of this approach to the cMSSM, being complementary to existing
approaches, is analyzed in detail. Numerical examples for the leading fermionic
corrections, including the leading two-loop effects, are presented. Numerical
agreement within 10% with other approaches is found for small and moderate
mixing in the scalar top sector. The leading fermionic corrections,
supplemented by the full logarithmic one-loop and the leading two-loop
contributions are implemented into the public Fortran code FeynHiggsFastC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129428 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Formation in Preheated Intergalactic Media


  We outline a scenario of galaxy formation in which the gas in galaxy-forming
regions was preheated to high entropy by vigorous energy feedback associated
with the formation of stars in old ellipticals and bulges and with AGN
activity. Such preheating likely occurred at redshifts z ~ 2-3, and can produce
the entropy excess observed today in low-mass clusters of galaxies without
destroying the bulk of the Lyman alpha forest. Subsequent galaxy formation is
affected by the preheating, because the gas no longer follows the dark matter
on galaxy scales. The hot gas around galaxy haloes has very shallow profiles
and emits only weakly in the X-ray. Cooling in a preheated halo is not
inside-out, because the cooling efficiency does not change significantly with
radius. Only part of the gas in a protogalaxy region can cool and be accreted
into the final galaxy halo. The accreted gas is likely in diffuse clouds and so
does not lose angular momentum to the dark matter. Cluster ellipticals are
produced by mergers of stellar systems formed prior to the preheating, while
large galaxy disks form in low-density environments where gas accretion can
continue to the present time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168289 </DOCNO>
Inseparability criteria for demonstration of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen


  It is shown that a criterion used to demonstrate realization of the 1935
 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) gedanken experiment is sufficient to demonstrate
quantum entanglement.
 A further set of measurable criteria sufficient to demonstrate EPR gedanken
experiment is proposed, these being the set of criteria sufficient to
demonstrate entanglement, by way of a measured violation of a necessary
condition of separability. In this way, provided the spatial separation of
systems is sufficient to ensure EPR's locality hypothesis, it is shown how a
measured demonstration of entanglement will, at least, be equivalent to a
demonstration of the EPR gedanken experiment. Using hidden variables it is
explained how such demonstrations are a direct manifestation of the
inconsistency of local realism with quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85709 </DOCNO>
The Innermost Stable Circular Orbit in Compact Binaries


  Newtonian point mass binaries can be brought into arbitrarily close circular
orbits. Neutron stars and black holes, however, are extended, relativistic
objects. Both finite size and relativistic effects make very close orbits
unstable, so that there exists an innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). We
illustrate the physics of the ISCO in a simple model problem, and review
different techniques which have been employed to locate the ISCO in black hole
and neutron star binaries. We discuss different assumptions and approximations,
and speculate on how differences in the results may be explained and resolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96920 </DOCNO>
Descent of morphisms of overconvergent F-crystals


  Tsuzuki has conjectured that for crystals with Frobenius and connection over
a local field k((t)), the embedding of the category of overconvergent crystals
into the category of convergent crystals is fully faithful. We prove Tsuzuki's
conjecture restricted to the subcategory of potentially semistable (or
quasi-unipotent) crystals, following de Jong's proof of a slightly weaker
result. We also prove Tsuzuki's conjecture restricted to crystals with at most
two distinct slopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77128 </DOCNO>
Self-tuning Solution of Cosmological Constant in RS-II Model and


  I give a review on the self-tuning solution of the cosmological constant in a
5D RS-II model using a three index antisymmetric tensor field $A_{MNP}$. The
three index antisymmetric tensor field can be the fundamental one appearing in
11D supergravity. Also, the dual of its field strength $H_{MNPQ}$, being a
massless scalar, may be interpreted as a Goldstone boson of some spontaneously
broken global symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5603 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the optical response of C60 and Na8 using time-dependent


  We report on a general method for the calculation of the frequency-dependent
optical response of clusters based upon time-dependent density functional
theory (TDDFT). The implementation is done using explicit propagation in the
time domain and a self-consistent program that uses a linear combination of
atomic orbitals (LCAO). Our actual calculations employ the SIESTA program,
which is designed to be fast and accurate for large clusters. We use the
adiabatic local density approximation to account for exchange and correlation
effects. Results are presented for the imaginary part of the linear
polarizability, Im [\alpha(w)], and the dipole strength function, S(w), of C60
and Na8, compared to previous calculations and to experiment. We also show how
to calculate the integrated frequency-dependent second order non-linear
polarizability for the case of a step function electric field,
\gamma_{step}(w), and present results for C60.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74845 </DOCNO>
Higgs Physics at a Future e+e- Linear Collider


  This letter reviews the potential of a high luminosity e+e- linear collider
(LC) in the precision study of the Higgs boson profile. The complementarity
with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Higgs physics program is briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113926 </DOCNO>
H2+ ion in a strong magnetic field: Lowest gerade and ungerade


  In the framework of a variational method with a single trial function an
accurate study of the lowest gerade 1g and ungerade 1u electronic states of the
molecular ion $H_2^+$ in a magnetic field is performed. Magnetic field ranges
from 0 to 4.414x10^13 G and orientations of the molecular axis with respect to
the magnetic line 0 \leq theta \leq 90 are considered. A one-parameter gauge
dependent vector potential is used in the Hamiltonian, which is finally
variationally optimized. A well pronounced minimum on the total energy surface
of the (ppe) system in both 1g and 1u states is found for all magnetic fields
and orientations studied. It is shown that for both states the parallel
configuration (theta=0) at equilibrium always corresponds to the minimal total
energy. It is found that for a given theta for both states the magnetic field
growth is always accompanied by an increase in the total and binding energies
as well as a shrinking of the equilibrium distance. We demonstrate that for
B\gtrsim 1.8x10^11 G the molecular ion can dissociate, H2+ -> H + p, over a
certain range of orientations (theta_cr \le theta \le 90), where the minimal
thetaa_cr \simeq 25 occurs for the strongest magnetic field studied,
B=4.414x10^13 G. For B<10^12 G the ion H2+ in 1g, 1u states is the most
compact, being in the perpendicular configuration (theta=90), whereas for
B\gtrsim 10^12 this occurs for an angle < 90. For the 1g state in any
orientation, with the magnetic field growth at B \sim 10^11 G, a two-peak
electronic distribution changes to single-peak one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74236 </DOCNO>
Spectral moments of two-point correlators in perturbation theory and


  We discuss the choice of weight functions for the moments of the spectral
density for two-point correlators of hadronic currents over a finite energy
interval. Of phenomenological relevance is an analysis of the spectra of tau
lepton decay on the energy interval [0,M_tau] and the low-energy hadron
production in e+ e- annihilation. General arguments are given for the
calculability of such moments in perturbation theory using both a finite-order
analysis and infinite resummation on the contour. Nonperturbative contributions
emerging from the operator product expansion for two-point correlators are
discussed within explicit models for the physical spectra. The quantitative
analysis strongly disfavours weight functions that suppress the high-energy
contribution to theoretical moments. This is in agreement with expectations
from qualitative considerations in perturbative QCD with asymptotic freedom. We
discuss the implication of our results for the ultimate accuracy that can be
reached in tau decays and low-energy e+ e- annihilation into hadrons with
present experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125495 </DOCNO>
Constraining the Cosmological Constant from Large-Scale Redshift-Space


  We show how the cosmological constant can be estimated from redshift surveys
at different redshifts, using maximum-likelihood techniques. The apparent
redshift-space clustering on large scales (\simgt 20 \himpc) are affected in
the radial direction by infall, and curvature influences the apparent
correlations in the transverse direction. The relative strengths of the two
effects will strongly vary with redshift. Using a simple idealized survey
geometry, we compute the smoothed correlation matrix of the redshift-space
correlation function, and the Fisher matrix for $\omm$ and $\oml$. These
represent the best possible measurement of these parameters given the geometry.
We find that the likelihood contours are turning, according to the behavior of
the angular-diameter distance relation. The clustering measures from redshift
surveys at intermediate-to-high redshifts can provide a surprisingly tight
constraint on $\oml$. We also estimate confidence contours for real survey
geometries, using the SDSS LRG and QSO surveys as specific examples. We believe
that this method will become a practical tool to constrain the nature of the
dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7033 </DOCNO>
Two-potential approach to multi-dimensional tunneling


  We consider tunneling to the continuum in a multi-dimensional potential. It
is demonstrate that this problem can be treated as two separate problems: a) a
bound state and b) a non-resonance scattering problem, by a proper splitting of
the potential into two components. Finally we obtain the resonance energy and
the partial tunneling widths in terms of the bound and the scattering state
wave functions. This result can be used in a variety of tunneling problems. As
an application we consider the ionization of atomic states by an external
field. We obtain very simple analytical expressions for the tunneling width and
for the angular distribution of tunneling electrons. It is shown that the
angular spread of electrons in the final state is determined by the
semi-classical traversal tunneling time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41541 </DOCNO>
Production of Prompt Charmonia in $e^+e^-$ Annihilation at


  The production of prompt $J/\psi$, $\psi(2S)$, $\chi_{c1}$ and $\chi_{c2}$ is
studied using a $32.4 fb^{-1}$ data sample collected with the Belle detector at
the $\Upsilon(4S)$ and 60 MeV below the resonance. The yield of prompt $J/\psi$
mesons in the $\Upsilon(4S)$ sample is compatible with that of continuum
production; we set an upper limit ${\cal B}(\Upsilon(4S) \to J/\psi X) < 1.9
\times 10^{-4}$ at the 95% confidence level, and find $\sigma(e^{+}e^{-} \to
J/\psi X)=1.47\pm 0.10 \pm 0.13$ pb. The cross-sections for prompt $\psi(2S)$
and direct $J/\psi$ are measured. The $J/\psi$ momentum spectrum, production
angle distribution and polarization are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6511 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of magnetic ordering by the stress fields of grain


  In the paper we predict a distinctive change of magnetic properties and
considerable increase of the Curie temperature caused by the strain fields of
grain boundaries in ferromagnetic films. It is shown that a sheet of
spontaneous magnetization may arise along a grain boundary at temperatures
greater than the bulk Curie temperature. The temperature dependence and space
distribution of magnetization in a ferromagnetic film with grain boundaries are
calculated. We found that $45^\circ$ grain boundaries can produce long-range
strain fields that results in the width of the magnetic sheet along the
boundary of the order of $ 0.5 \div 1 \mu m$ at temperatures grater than the
bulk Curie temperature by about $10^2$ K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86315 </DOCNO>
On the detection of scalar hair


  It is shown that the conclusion regarding the existence of a scalar hair for
a black hole in a nonminimally coupled self interacting scalar tensor theory
can be drawn from the that for a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity by
means of a conformal transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127311 </DOCNO>
Interpreting the M22 Spike Events


  Recently Sahu et al., using the Hubble Space Telescope to monitor stars in
the direction of the old globular cluster M22, detected six events in which
otherwise constant stars brightened by ~50% during a time of <1 day. They
tentatively interpret these unresolved events as due to microlensing of
background bulge stars by free-floating planets in M22. I show that if these
spike events are due to microlensing, the lensing objects are unlikely to be
associated with M22, and unlikely to be part of a smoothly distributed Galactic
population. Thus either there happens to be a massive, dark cluster of planets
along our line-of-sight to M22, or the spike events are not due to
microlensing. The lensing planets cannot be bound to stars in the core of M22:
if they were closer than 8 AU, the lensing influence of the parent star would
have been detectable. Moreover, in the core of M22, all planets with
separations > 1 AU would have been ionized by random stellar encounters. Most
unbound planets would have escaped the core via evaporation which
preferentially affects such low-mass objects. Bound or free-floating planets
can exist in the outer halo of M22; however, for reasonable assumptions, the
maximum optical depth to such a population falls short of the observed optical
depth, tau ~ 3x10^{-6}, by a factor of 5-10. Therefore, if real, these events
represent the detection of a significant free-floating Galactic planet
population. The optical depth to these planets is comparable to and mutually
exclusive from the optical depth to resolved events measured by microlensing
survey collaborations toward the bulge, and thus implies a similar additional
mass of lensing objects. Such a population is difficult to reconcile with both
theory and observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123905 </DOCNO>
Bubbles in galactic haloes


  We briefly discuss a possible interconnection of vertical HI structures
observed in the Milky Way Galaxy with large scale blow-outs caused by the
explosions of multiple clustered SNe. We argue that the observed OB
associations can produce only about 60 such events, or approximately one
chimney per 3 kpc$^2$ within the solar circle. We also discuss the overall
properties of HI shells in nearby face-on galaxies and the distribution of
H$\alpha$ and dust in edge-on galaxies. We argue that the presence of dust in
galactic haloes may indicate that radiation pressure is the most probable
mechanism capable of transporting dust to large heights above the galactic
plane. In order to make this possible, the galactic magnetic field must have a
strong vertical component. We mention that SNe explosions can initiate the
Parker instability which in turn creates large scale magnetic loops with a
strong vertical component. Recent observations of nearby edge-on galaxies
favour this suggestion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125553 </DOCNO>
The discovery and study of the optical counterparts of the transient


  We report on the discovery and confirmation of the optical counterparts of
the two transient X-ray pulsars, RXJ0052.1-7319 and XTEJ0111.2-7317. In the
narrow (~3" radius) X-ray error circle of RXJ0052.1-7319 we found a V=14.6
(B-V=0.1) 09.5IIIe (a classification as a B0Ve star is also possible, since the
luminosity class depends on the uncertainty on the adopted reddening). Medium
resolution spectra for this object show Balmer lines in emission with an
equivalent width of Halpha=-12/-16A. In the X-ray error box of XTEJ0111.2-7317
we found a relatively bright object (V=15.4, B-V=0.06) which has been
classified as a B0.5-B1Ve star and that was later confirmed by Coe et al.
(2000) as the most plausible counterpart for XTEJ0111.2-7317. Also in this case
we easily detect Balmer emission lines with an Halpha equivalent width of about
-21A. There is also evidence for the presence of a surrounding nebula, possibly
a supernova remnant. A further bright B0Ve star was found just outside the
X-ray error circle of XTEJ0111.2-7317. We discuss the implication of these
results in the light of the current knowledge of Be/X-ray binary systems in the
Magellanic Clouds and within our Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124712 </DOCNO>
GRBs and the Ghost of the Fireball


  Gamma Ray Burst has been widely believed in last decade to be
super-explosions: the Fireball. We are argue on the contrary that GRBs (as well
as Soft Gamma Repeaters SGR) are precessing Gamma Jets. We remind the list of
contradiction that Fireball and its smaller galactic version, the Magnetar,
have to face. In particular the existence of weak isolated X-ray precursor
signal before the main Gamma Ray Burst and (rare SGR) events disagree with any
explosive, one shoot, scenarios either isotropic or wide-beamed. We interpret
them as earlier marginal blazing of outlying X conical Jet tails of precessing,
spinning gamma Jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85757 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Freedom in Curvature-Satured Gravity


  For a spatially flat Friedmann model with line element $ds^2=a^2 [
da^2/B(a)-dx^2-dy^2-dz^2 ] $, the 00-component of the Einstein field equation
reads $8\pi G T_{00}=3/a^2$ containing no derivative. For a nonlinear
Lagrangian ${\cal L}(R)$, we obtain a second--order differential equation for
$B$ instead of the expected fourth-order equation. We discuss this equation for
the curvature-saturated model proposed by Kleinert and Schmidt. Finally, we
argue that asymptotic freedom $G_{{\rm eff}}^{-1}\to 0$ is fulfilled in
curvature-saturated gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7523 </DOCNO>
Elastic interaction and superstructures in manganites and other


  The role of elastic interactions between Jahn-Teller ions in formation of
various orbital- and charge-ordered structures in manganites and related
compounds is analyzed. It is shown that such interactions alone are often
sufficient to reproduce the structures observed in different regions of the
phase diagram. A special attention is focused on stripe structures at high
doping levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76430 </DOCNO>
Parameter free calculation of hadronic masses from instantons


  We propose a non-perturbative calculation scheme which is based on the
semi-classical approximation of QCD and can be used to evaluate quantities of
interest in hadronic physics. As a first application, we evaluate the mass of
the pion and of the nucleon. Such masses are related to a particular
combination of Green functions which, in some limit, is dominated by the
contribution of \emph{very small-sized} instantons. The size distribution of
these pseudo-particles is determined by the 't Hooft tunneling amplitude
formula and therefore our calculation is free from any model parameters. We
prove that instanton forces generate a light pion and a nucleon with realistic
mass ($M_n \sim 970 MeV$). In connection with sum-rules approaches, we discuss
the overlap of instantons with pion and nucleon resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179409 </DOCNO>
3D real-space calculations of continuum response


  We present linear response theories in the continuum capable of describing
continuum spectra and dynamical correlations of finite systems with no spatial
symmetry. Our formulation is essentially the same as the continuum random-phase
approximation (RPA) but suitable for uniform grid representation in the
three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian coordinate. Effects of the continuum are taken
into account by solving equations iteratively with a retarded Green's function.
The method is applied to photoabsorption spectra in small molecules (acetylene
and ethylene) and inelastic electron scattering from a deformed nucleus 12C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113559 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Optical Pulse Propagation with ABCD Matrices


  We review and extend the analogies between Gaussian pulse propagation and
Gaussian beam diffraction. In addition to the well-known parallels between
pulse dispersion in optical fiber and CW beam diffraction in free space, we
review temporal lenses as a way to describe nonlinearities in the propagation
equations, and then introduce further concepts that permit the description of
pulse evolution in more complicated systems. These include the temporal
equivalent of a spherical dielectric interface, which is used by way of example
to derive design parameters used in a recent dispersion-mapped soliton
transmission experiment. Our formalism offers a quick, concise and powerful
approach to analyzing a variety of linear and nonlinear pulse propagation
phenomena in optical fibers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127354 </DOCNO>
The constant-velocity highly collimated outflows of the planetary nebula


  We present high-dispersion echelle spectroscopic observations and a
narrow-band [N II] image of the remarkable jet-like features of He 2-90. They
are detected in the echelle spectra in the H-alpha and [N II] lines but not in
other nebular lines. The [N II]/H-alpha ratio is uniformly high, ~1. The
observed kinematics reveals bipolar collimated outflows in the jet-like
features and shows that the southeast (northwest) component expands towards
(away from) the observer at a remarkably constant line-of-sight velocity,
26.0+-0.5 km/s. The observed expansion velocity and the opening angle of the
jet-like features are used to estimate an inclination angle of ~5 degrees with
respect to the sky plane and a space expansion velocity of ~290 km/s. The
spectrum of the bright central nebula reveals a profusion of Fe lines and
extended wings of the H-alpha line, similar to those seen in symbiotic stars
and some young planetary nebulae that are presumed to host a mass-exchanging
binary system. If this is the case for He 2-90, the constant velocity and
direction of the jets require a very stable dynamic system against precession
and warping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83821 </DOCNO>
Enriching WordNet concepts with topic signatures


  This paper explores the possibility of enriching the content of existing
ontologies. The overall goal is to overcome the lack of topical links among
concepts in WordNet. Each concept is to be associated to a topic signature,
i.e., a set of related words with associated weights. The signatures can be
automatically constructed from the WWW or from sense-tagged corpora. Both
approaches are compared and evaluated on a word sense disambiguation task. The
results show that it is possible to construct clean signatures from the WWW
using some filtering techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114154 </DOCNO>
Simulation of laser-Compton cooling of electron beams for future linear


  We study a method of laser-Compton cooling of electron beams for future
linear colliders. Using a Monte Carlo code, we evaluate the effects of the
laser-electron interaction for transverse cooling. The optics with and without
chromatic correction for the cooling are examined. The laser-Compton cooling
for JLC/NLC at $E_0=2$ GeV is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129458 </DOCNO>
IRAS F02044+0957: radio source in interacting system of galaxies


  The steep spectrum of IRAS F02044+0957 was obtained with the RATAN-600 radio
telescope at four frequencies. Optical spectroscopy of the system components,
was carried out with the 2.1m telescope of the Guillermo Haro Observatory.
Observational data allow us to conclude that this object is a pair of
interacting galaxies, a LINER and a HII galaxy, at $z=0.093$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1803 </DOCNO>
Multilayer neural networks with extensively many hidden units


  The information processing abilities of a multilayer neural network with a
number of hidden units scaling as the input dimension are studied using
statistical mechanics methods. The mapping from the input layer to the hidden
units is performed by general symmetric Boolean functions whereas the hidden
layer is connected to the output by either discrete or continuous couplings.
Introducing an overlap in the space of Boolean functions as order parameter the
storage capacity if found to scale with the logarithm of the number of
implementable Boolean functions. The generalization behaviour is smooth for
continuous couplings and shows a discontinuous transition to perfect
generalization for discrete ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128289 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Periodic Oscillation in Seyfert galaxies: Significance levels. The


  We discuss methods to compute significance levels for the existence of
quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) which take
the red-noise character of the X-ray lightcurves of these objects into account.
Applying epoch folding and periodogram analysis to the XMM-Newton observation
of the Seyfert galaxy Mrk 766, a possible QPO at a timescale of 4200s has been
reported. Our computation of the significance of this QPO, however, shows that
the 4200s peak is not significant at the 95% level. We conclude that the 4200s
feature is an artifact of the red-noise process and not the result of a
physical process within the Active Galactic Nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126376 </DOCNO>
Rotating Skyrmion Stars


  In a previous paper, using an equation of state of dense matter representing
a fluid of Skyrmions we constructed the corresponding non-rotating compact-star
models in hydrostatic equilibrium; these are mostly fluid stars (the Skyrmion
fluid) thus naming them {\it Skyrmion Stars}.
  Here we generalize our previous calculations by constructing equilibrium
sequences of rotating Skyrmion stars in general relativity using the computer
code {\it RNS} developed by Stergioulas. We calculated their masses and radii
to be 0.4 \le M/M_{\odot} \le 3.45, and 13.0 {\rm km}\le R\le 23.0 {\rm km},
respectively (R being the circumferential radius of the star). The period of
the maximally rotating Skyrmion stars is calculated to be 0.8 {\rm ms}\le P \le
2.0 {\rm ms}. We find that a gap (the height between the star surface and the
inner stable circular orbit) starts to appear for M\sim 2.0M_{\odot}.
Specifically, the Skyrmion star mass range with an existing gap is calculated
to be 1.8 < M/ M_{\odot} < 3.0 with the corresponding orbital frequency 0.8
{\rm kHz} < \nu_{\rm ISCO} < 1.3 {\rm kHz}. We apply our model to the 4U
1820-30 low mass X-ray binary and suggest a plausible Skyrmion star candidate
in the 4U 1636-53 system. We discuss the difficulties encountered by our model
in the 4U 0614+09 case with the highest known Quasi-Periodic Oscillation
frequency of 1329 Hz. A comparative study of Skyrmion stars and models of
neutron stars based on recent/modern equations of state is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129242 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis in Massive Stars With Improved Nuclear and Stellar


  We present the first calculations to follow the evolution of all stable
nuclei and their radioactive progenitors in stellar models computed from the
onset of central hydrogen burning through explosion as Type II supernovae.
Calculations are performed for Pop I stars of 15, 19, 20, 21, and 25 M_sun
using the most recently available experimental and theoretical nuclear data,
revised opacity tables, neutrino losses, and weak interaction rates, and taking
into account mass loss due to stellar winds. A novel ``adaptive'' reaction
network is employed with a variable number of nuclei (adjusted each time step)
ranging from about 700 on the main sequence to more than 2200 during the
explosion. The network includes, at any given time, all relevant isotopes from
hydrogen through polonium (Z=84). Even the limited grid of stellar masses
studied suggests that overall good agreement can be achieved with the solar
abundances of nuclei between 16O and 90Zr. Interesting discrepancies are seen
in the 20 M_sun model and, so far, only in that model, that are a consequence
of the merging of the oxygen, neon, and carbon shells about a day prior to core
collapse. We find that, in some stars, most of the ``p-process'' nuclei can be
produced in the convective oxygen burning shell moments prior to collapse; in
others, they are made only in the explosion. Serious deficiencies still exist
in all cases for the p-process isotopes of Ru and Mo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5057 </DOCNO>
Stripe Fluctuations, Carriers, Spectroscopies, Transport, and BCS-BEC


  The quasiparticles of the high-T_c cuprates are found to consist of:
polaron-like "stripons" carrying charge, and associated primarily with large-U
orbitals in stripe-like inhomogeneities; "quasielectrons" carrying charge and
spin, and associated with hybridized small-U and large-U orbitals; and
"svivons" carrying spin and lattice distortion. It is shown that this
electronic structure leads to the systematic behavior of spectroscopic and
transport properties of the cuprates. High-T_c pairing results from transitions
between pair states of stripons and quasielectrons through the exchange of
svivons. The cuprates fall in the regime of crossover between BCS and
preformed-pairs Bose-Einstein condensation behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6212 </DOCNO>
Pre-formed Cooper pairs and Bose-Einstein condensation in cuprate


  A two-dimensional (2D) assembly of noninteracting, temperature-dependent,
pre-formed Cooper pairs in chemical/thermal equilibrium with unpaired fermions
is examined in a binary boson-fermion statistical model as the Bose-Einstein
condensation (BEC) singularity temperature $T_{c}$ is approached from above. 
Compared with BCS theory (which is {\it not} a BEC theory) substantially higher
$T_{c}$'s are obtained without any adjustable parameters, that fall roughly
within the range of empirical $T_{c}$'s for quasi-2D cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128056 </DOCNO>
Magnetic activity in accretion disc boundary layers


  We use three dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations to study the
structure of the boundary layer between an accretion disc and a non-rotating,
unmagnetized star. Under the assumption that cooling is efficient, we obtain a
narrow but highly variable transition region in which the radial velocity is
only a small fraction of the sound speed. A large fraction of the energy
dissipation occurs in high density gas adjacent to the hydrostatic stellar
envelope, and may therefore be reprocessed and largely hidden from view of the
observer. As suggested by Pringle (1989), the magnetic field energy in the
boundary layer is strongly amplified by shear, and exceeds that in the disc by
an order of magnitude. These fields may play a role in generating the magnetic
activity, X-ray emission, and outflows in disc systems where the accretion rate
is high enough to overwhelm the stellar magnetosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125319 </DOCNO>
MASTER of the CMB Anisotropy Power Spectrum: A Fast Method for


  We describe a fast and accurate method for estimation of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) anisotropy angular power spectrum --- Monte Carlo Apodised
Spherical Transform EstimatoR. Originally devised for use in the interpretation
of the Boomerang experimental data, MASTER is both a computationally efficient
method suitable for use with the currently available CMB data sets (already
large in size, despite covering small fractions of the sky, and affected by
inhomogeneous and correlated noise), and a very promising application for the
analysis of very large future CMB satellite mission products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 572 </DOCNO>
A New Phenomenology for the Disordered Mixed Phase


  A universal phase diagram for type-II superconductors with weak point pinning
disorder is proposed. In this phase diagram, two thermodynamic phase
transitions separate a ``Bragg glass'' from the disordered liquid.
Translational correlations in the intervening ``multi-domain glass'' phase are
argued to exhibit a significant degree of short-range order. This phase diagram
differs significantly from the currently accepted one but provides a more
accurate description of experimental data on high and low-T_c materials,
simulations and current theoretical understanding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128564 </DOCNO>
A Photometric Catalogue of Southern Emission-Line Stars


  We present a catalogue of previously unpublished optical and infrared
photometry for a sample of 162 emission-line objects and shell stars visible
from the southern hemisphere. The data were obtained between 1978 and 1997 in
the Walraven (WULBV), Johnson/Cousins (UBV(RI)_c) and ESO and SAAO
near-infrared (JHKLM) photometric systems. Most of the observed objects are
Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars or HAeBe candidates appearing in the list of HAeBe
candidates of Th\'e et al. (1994), although several B[e] stars, LBVs and T
Tauri are also included in our sample. For many of the stars the data presented
here are the first photo-electric measurements in the literature. The resulting
catalogue consists of 1809 photometric measurements. Optical variability was
detected in 66 out of the 116 sources that were observed more than once. 15 out
of the 50 stars observed multiple times in the infrared showed variability at
2.2 microns (K band).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125939 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing in modified Newtonian dynamics


  Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is an alternative theory of gravity that
aims to explain large-scale dynamics without recourse to any form of dark
matter. However the theory is incomplete, lacking a relativistic counterpart,
and so makes no definite predictions about gravitational lensing. The most
obvious form that MONDian lensing might take is that photons experience twice
the deflection of massive particles moving at the speed of light, as in general
relativity (GR). In such a theory there is no general thin-lens approximation
(although one can be made for spherically-symmetric deflectors), but the
three-dimensional acceleration of photons is in the same direction as the
relativistic acceleration would be. In regimes where the deflector can
reasonably be approximated as a single point-mass (specifically low-optical
depth microlensing and weak galaxy-galaxy lensing), this naive formulation is
consistent with observations. Forthcoming galaxy-galaxy lensing data and the
possibility of cosmological microlensing have the potential to distinguish
unambiguously between GR and MOND. Some tests can also be performed with
extended deflectors, for example by using surface brightness measurements of
lens galaxies to model quasar lenses, although the breakdown of the thin-lens
approximation allows an extra degree of freedom. Nonetheless, it seems unlikely
that simple ellipsoidal galaxies can explain both constraints. Further, the
low-density universe implied by MOND must be completely dominated by the
cosmological constant (to fit microwave background observations), and such
models are at odds with the low frequency of quasar lenses. These conflicts
might be resolved by a fully consistent relativistic extension to MOND; the
alternative is that MOND is not an accurate description of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1783 </DOCNO>
Are There Incongruent Ground States in 2D Edwards-Anderson Spin Glasses?


  We present a detailed proof of a previously announced result (C.M. Newman and
D.L. Stein, Phys. Rev. Lett. v. 84, pp. 3966--3969 (2000)) supporting the
absence of multiple (incongruent) ground state pairs for 2D Edwards-Anderson
spin glasses (with zero external field and, e.g., Gaussian couplings): if two
ground state pairs (chosen from metastates with, e.g., periodic boundary
conditions) on the infinite square lattice are distinct, then the dual bonds
where they differ form a single doubly-infinite, positive-density domain wall.
It is an open problem to prove that such a situation cannot occur (or else to
show --- much less likely in our opinion --- that it indeed does happen) in
these models. Our proof involves an analysis of how (infinite-volume) ground
states change as (finitely many) couplings vary, which leads us to a notion of
zero-temperature excitation metastates, that may be of independent interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86374 </DOCNO>
Bekenstein Bound, Holography and Brane Cosmology in Charged Black Hole


  We obtain a Bekenstein entropy bound for the charged objects in arbitrary
dimensions ($D\ge 4$) using the D-bound recently proposed by Bousso. With the
help of thermodynamics of CFTs corresponding to AdS Reissner-Norstr\"om (RN)
black holes, we discuss the relation between the Bekenstein and
Bekenstein-Verlinde bounds. In particular we propose a Bekenstein-Verlinde-like
bound for the charged systems. In the Einstein-Maxwell theory with a negative
cosmological constant, we discuss the brane cosmology with positive tension
using the Binetruy-Deffayet-Langlois approach. The resulting
Friedman-Robertson-Walker equation can be identified with the one obtained by
the moving domain wall approach in the AdS RN black hole background. Finally we
also address the holographic property of the brane universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6291 </DOCNO>
A Sucrose Solution Application to the Study of Model Biological


  The small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering, time resolved X-ray small-angle
and wide-angle diffraction coupled with differential scanning calorimetry have
been applied to the investigation of unilamellar and multilamellar
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicles in sucrose buffers with sucrose
concentrations from 0 to 60%. Sucrose buffer decreased vesicle size and
polydispersity and increased an X-ray contrast between phospholipid membrane
and bulk solvent sufficiently. No influence of sucrose on the membrane
thickness or mutual packing of hydrocarbon chains has been detected. The region
of sucrose concentrations 30%-40% created the best experimental conditions for
X-ray small-angle experiments with phospholipid vesicles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86936 </DOCNO>
Positivity of Spin Foam Amplitudes


  The amplitude for a spin foam in the Barrett-Crane model of Riemannian
quantum gravity is given as a product over its vertices, edges and faces, with
one factor of the Riemannian 10j symbols appearing for each vertex, and simpler
factors for the edges and faces. We prove that these amplitudes are always
nonnegative for closed spin foams. As a corollary, all open spin foams going
between a fixed pair of spin networks have real amplitudes of the same sign.
This means one can use the Metropolis algorithm to compute expectation values
of observables in the Riemannian Barrett-Crane model, as in statistical
mechanics, even though this theory is based on a real-time (e^{iS}) rather than
imaginary-time (e^{-S}) path integral. Our proof uses the fact that when the
Riemannian 10j symbols are nonzero, their sign is positive or negative
depending on whether the sum of the ten spins is an integer or half-integer.
For the product of 10j symbols appearing in the amplitude for a closed spin
foam, these signs cancel. We conclude with some numerical evidence suggesting
that the Lorentzian 10j symbols are always nonnegative, which would imply
similar results for the Lorentzian Barrett-Crane model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81296 </DOCNO>
An exact algorithm for three-flavor QCD with $O(a)$-improved Wilson


  We present an exact dynamical QCD simulation algorithm for the
$O(a)$-improved Wilson fermion with odd number of flavors. Our algorithm is an
extension of the non-Hermitian polynomials HMC algorithm proposed by Takaishi
and de Forcrand previously. In our algorithm, the systematic errors caused by
the polynomial approximation of the inverse of Dirac operator is removed by a
noisy-Metropolis test. For one flavor quark it is achieved by taking the square
root of the correction matrix explicitly. We test our algorithm for the case of
$N_f=1+1$ on a moderately large lattice size ($16^3\times48$). The $N_f=2+1$
case is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174834 </DOCNO>
Development of the Simulator for the Global Orbit Feedback System Using


  We have carried out the basic research for the accelerator and tokamak
control system based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System
(EPICS). We have used the process database and the state notation language
(SNL) in the EPICS to develop the simulator which represents as a virtual
machine. In this paper, we introduce the simulator of the global orbit feedback
system as an example. This simulates the global orbit feedback system under the
constraint conditions for Pohang Light Source (PLS) storage ring. We describe
the details of the feedback algorithm and the realization of the simulator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125763 </DOCNO>
Spatially-Resolved O II Recombination Line Observations of the Ring


  We present spatially-resolved spectral of O II permitted lines and [O III]
forbidden lines in the Ring Nebula NGC 6720. We find significant differences in
the spatial distribution of the O II and [O III] lines. The [O III] emission
follows the H-beta emission measure; however, the O II emission peaks closer to
the central star. This suggests that radiative recombination may not be the
primary mechanism for producing the O II lines. O+2 abundances derived from O
II lines are 5-10 times larger than those derived from [O III] in the region
within 20" of the central star, but agree to within 0.2-0.3 dex outside this
region. The [O III] electron temperature rises smoothly from about 10,000 K in
the outer shell to about 12,000 K in the center; we see no evidence for a
temperature jump that would be associated with a shock. If temperature
fluctuations are responsible for the discrepancy in O+2 abundances, the average
temperature would have to be approximately 6,500 K in the He$^{+2}$ zone and
about 9,000 K in the outer shell in order to force the [O III]-derived
abundance to equal that derived from O II. We therefore argue that temperature
fluctuations can not explain the abundance discrepancy. The O II emission does
not peak at the locations of dusty knots, creating difficulties for models
which explain the O II - [O III] discrepancy by density fluctuations. We
examine the possibility high-temperature dielectronic recombination in a
central hot bubble enhances the O II line strengths in the central nebula.
However, comparison of recombination rates with collisional excitation rates
shows that the increase in recombination emission due to dielectronic
recombination at T ~ 10^5 K is not sufficient to overcome the increase in [O
III] emission. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179662 </DOCNO>
Spin polarized neutron matte and magnetic susceptibility within the


  The Brueckner--Hartree--Fock formalism is applied to study spin polarized
neutron matter properties. Results of the total energy per particle as a
function of the spin polarization and density are presented for two modern
realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions, Nijmegen II and Reid93. We find that
the dependence of the energy on the spin polarization is practically parabolic
in the full range of polarizations. The magnetic susceptibility of the system
is computed. Our results show no indication of a ferromagnetic transition which
becomes even more difficult as the density increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98685 </DOCNO>
Cherednik algebras and differential operators on quasi-invariants


  We develop the theory of Harish-Chandra bimodules over the rational Cherednik
algebra H associated to a finite Coxeter group W in a vector space h. We apply
representation theory of Cherednik algebras to show that, for integral values
of parameter `c', the algebra H is simple and Morita equivalent to D(h)#W, the
smash product of W with the algebra of polynomial differential operators on h.
  We further study an algebra Q of quasi-invariant polynomials on h introduced
by Chalykh, Feigin, and Veselov [CV], [FV], such that C[h]^W \subset Q \subset
C[h]. We prove that the algebra D(Q) of differential operators on
quasi-invariants is a simple algebra, Morita equivalent to D(h). The subalgebra
D(Q)^W of W-invariant operators turns out to be isomorphic to the spherical
subalgebra eHe \subset H. We also show that D(Q) is generated, as an algebra,
by Q and its `Fourier dual Q*, and that D(Q) is a rank one projective
(Q-Q*)-module (via multiplication-action on D(Q) on opposite sides).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41797 </DOCNO>
The physics goals of the TESLA project


  As next generation e+e- linear collider the superconducting accelerator
project TESLA has been proposed. In this note the physics potential goals of
this project, which is highly complementary to LHC, are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169545 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``One-Step Synthesis of Multiatom Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger


  We point out the relation between the work of Zheng and ours, APS [G.S.
Agarwal, R.R. Puri, and R.P. Singh, Phys. Rev. A 56, 2249 (2001)] and show the
important connection between the atomic cat state and the GHZ states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126003 </DOCNO>
RR Lyrae stars in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy: Period analysis


  (Abridged) We carried out a period analysis on ~3700 RR Lyrae stars spread
over ~50 square degrees towards the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr). The RR
Lyraes are distributed almost evenly between Sgr and the Milky Way. For Sgr
members, the average periods are 0.574 day and 0.322 day for RRab and RRc stars
respectively. This places Sgr in the long-period tail of the Oosterhoff I
group. We report the detection of 53 double-mode RR Lyrae stars (RRd) within
our sample. The magnitude of 40 of these stars is consistent with membership in
Sgr whereas 13 RRds are located within our Galaxy. We also found 13 RR Lyraes
(5 in Sgr and 8 in the Galaxy) exhibiting two closely spaced frequencies, most
probably related to non-radial pulsations. The period distribution of the RR
Lyrae variables in Sgr is compared to those of other Milky Way satellites. We
find a remarkable similarity between the RR Lyrae populations in Sgr and the
Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), suggesting that these galaxies have similar
horizontal branch morphologies. This may indicate that Sgr and the LMC started
their formation under similar conditions. Using various photometric indicators,
we estimate the metallicity of the RR Lyrae stars in Sgr and find <[Fe/H]>~-1.6
dex with a dispersion of ~ +/-0.5 dex around this value and a minor but
significant population at <-2.0 dex. We do not find evidence for a spatial
metallicity gradient in the RR Lyrae population of Sgr. From the spatial
distribution of RR Lyraes, we estimate the RRab content and total luminosity of
this galaxy and find MV(Sgr)~-14.7 mag, a value that would be consistent with
the empirical metallicity/luminosity relation for Dsph galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3653 </DOCNO>
Dissipation and Noncommutativity in Planar Quantum Mechanics


  Noncommutative algebra in planar quantum mechanics is shown to follow from 't
Hooft's recent analysis on dissipation and quantization. The noncommutativity
in the coordinates or in the momenta of a charged particle in a magnetic field
with an oscillator potential are shown as dual descriptions of the same
phenomenon. Finally, noncommutativity in a fluid dynamical model, analogous to
the lowest Landau level problem, is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167961 </DOCNO>
Proposal to test quantum mechanics against macroscopic realism using


  In the Schr\"odinger-cat gedanken experiment a cat is in a quantum
superposition of two macroscopically distinct states, alive and dead.The
paradoxical interpretation of quantum mechanics is that the cat is not in one
state or the other, alive or dead, immediately prior to its measurement.
Because of this apparent defiance of macroscopic reality, quantum
superpositions of states macroscopically distinct have generated much interest.
Here we address the issue of proving a contradiction with macroscopic reality
objectively, through the testable predictions of quantum mechanics. We consider
the premises of macroscopic reality (that the ``cat'' is either ``dead'' or
``alive'', the measurement indicating which) and macroscopic locality (that
simultaneous measurements some distance away cannot induce the macroscopic
change, ``dead'' to ``alive'' and vice versa, to the ``cat''). The predictions
of quantum mechanics for certain states, generated using states exhibiting
continuous variable entanglement, are shown to be incompatible with the
predictions of all theories based on this dual premise. Our proof is along the
lines of Bell's theorem, but where all relevant measurements give
macroscopically distinct results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179325 </DOCNO>
Short-range correlations in semi-exclusive electron scattering


  One-nucleon emission electron scattering experiments are studied with a model
that considers short--range correlations up to the first order in the number of
correlation lines. The proper normalization of the many-body wave functions
requires the evaluation of two- and three-point diagrams, the last ones usually
neglected in the literature. When all these diagrams are included the effects
of the short-range correlations are rather small. The results of our
calculations are compared with experimental data taken on $^{16}$O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97800 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal, noncommutative picture in quantum mechanics and distinguished


  Classical nonlinear canonical (Poisson) maps have a distinguished role in
quantum mechanics. They act unitarily on the quantum phase space and generate
$\hbar$-independent quantum canonical maps. It is shown that such maps act in
the noncommutative phase space as dictated by the classical covariance. A
crucial observation made is that under the classical covariance the local
quantum mechanical picture can become nonlocal in the Hilbert space. This
nonlocal picture is made equivalent by the Weyl map to a noncommutative picture
in the phase space formulation of the theory. The connection between the
entanglement and nonlocality of the representation is explored and specific
examples of the generation of entanglement are provided by using such concepts
as the generalized Bell states. That the results have direct application in
generating vacuum soliton configurations in the recently popular scalar field
theories of noncommutative coordinates is also demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73315 </DOCNO>
The Monte Carlo Event Generator YFSWW3 version 1.16 for W-Pair


  We present the Monte Carlo event generator YFSWW3 version 1.16 for theprocess
of W-pair production and decay in electron-positron collisions. It includes
${\cal O}(\alpha)$ electroweak radiative corrections in the WW production stage
together with the ${\cal O}(\alpha^3)$ initial-state-radiation (ISR)
corrections in the leading-logarithmic (LL) approximation, implemented within
the Yennie-Frautschi-Suura (YFS) exclusive exponentiation framework. The photon
radiation in the W decays is generated by the dedicated program PHOTOS up to
${\cal O}(\alpha^2)$ LL, normalised to the W branching ratios. The program is
interfaced with the $\tau$ decay library TAUOLA and the quark
fragmentation/hadronization package JETSET. The semi-analytical code KORWAN for
the calculations of the differential and total cross-sections at the Born level
and in the ISR approximation is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168313 </DOCNO>
Optimally shaped terahertz pulses for phase retrieval in a Rydberg atom


  We employ Optimal Control Theory to discover an efficient information
retrieval algorithm that can be performed on a Rydberg atom data register using
a shaped terahertz pulse. The register is a Rydberg wave packet with one
consituent orbital phase-reversed from the others (the ``marked bit''). The
terahertz pulse that performs the decoding algorithm does so by by driving
electron probability density into the marked orbital. Its shape is calculated
by modifying the target of an optimal control problem so that it represents the
direct product of all correct solutions to the algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41579 </DOCNO>
Excited B and D Mesons at OPAL


  Two recent OPAL publications dealing with spectroscopy of heavy-light mesons
will be discussed. In the charm sector, a search for a narrow radial excitation
of the D*+- is performed. No signal is seen, and an upper limit of the
production rate of narrow radial excitations close to the predicted mass of
2.629 GeV is derived. Orbitally excited B** mesons are investigated in another
analysis, where for the first time a measurement of their branching ratio into
final states involving a B* is performed. Attempts are made to separate the B**
signal into the four contributing resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75174 </DOCNO>
String Balls at the LHC and Beyond


  In string theory, black holes have a minimum mass below which they transition
into highly excited long and jagged strings --- ``string balls''. These are the
stringy progenitors of black holes; because they are lighter, in theories of
TeV-gravity, they may be more accessible to the LHC or the VLHC. They share
some of the characteristics of black holes, such as large production cross
sections. Furthermore, they evaporate thermally at the Hagedorn temperature and
give rise to high-multiplicity events containing hard primary photons and
charged leptons, which have negligible standard-model background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7577 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle spectrum and dynamical stability of an atomic


  The quasiparticle excitations and dynamical stability of an atomic
Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a quantum degenerate Fermi gas of atoms at
zero temperature is studied. The Fermi gas is assumed to be either in the
normal state or to have undergone a phase transition to a superfluid state by
forming Cooper pairs. The quasiparticle excitations of the Bose-Einstein
condensate exhibit a dynamical instability due to a resonant exchange of energy
and momentum with quasiparticle excitations of the Fermi gas. The stability
regime for the bosons depends on whether the Fermi gas is in the normal state
or in the superfluid state. We show that the energy gap in the quasiparticle
spectrum for the superfluid state stabilizes the low energy energy excitations
of the condensate. In the stable regime, we calculate the boson quasiparticle
spectrum, which is modified by the fluctuations in the density of the Fermi
gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98768 </DOCNO>
Discrete gap probabilities and discrete Painleve equations


  We prove that Fredholm determinants of the form det(1-K_s), where K_s is the
restriction of either the discrete Bessel kernel or the discrete {}_2F_1 kernel
to {s,s+1,...}, can be expressed through solutions of discrete Painleve II and
V equations, respectively.
  These Fredholm determinants can also be viewed as distribution functions of
the first part of the random partitions distributed according to a poissonized
Plancherel measure and a z-measure, or as normalized Toeplitz determinants with
symbols exp(\eta(u+1/u)) and (1+u)^z(1+\xi/u)^{z'}.
  The proofs are based on a general formalism involving discrete integrable
operators and discrete Riemann-Hilbert problem. A continuous version of the
formalism has been worked out in math-ph/0111007.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127724 </DOCNO>
PINOCCHIO and the hierarchical build-up of dark matter haloes


  We study the ability of PINOCCHIO (PINpointing Orbit-Crossing Collapsed
HIerarchical Objects) to predict the merging histories of dark matter (DM)
haloes, comparing the PINOCCHIO predictions with the results of two large
N-body simulations run from the same set of initial conditions. We focus our
attention on quantities most relevant to galaxy formation and large-scale
structure studies. PINOCCHIO is able to predict the statistics of merger trees
with a typical accuracy of 20 per cent. Its validity extends to higher-order
moments of the distribution of progenitors. The agreement is valid also at the
object-by-object level, with 70-90 per cent of the progenitors cleanly
recognised when the parent halo is cleanly recognised itself. Predictions are
presented also for quantities that are usually not reproduced by semi-analytic
codes, such as the two-point correlation function of the progenitors of massive
haloes and the distribution of initial orbital parameters of merging haloes.
For the accuracy of the prediction and for the facility with which merger
histories are produced, PINOCCHIO provides a means to generate catalogues of DM
haloes which is extremely competitive to large-scale N-body simulations, making
it a suitable tool for galaxy formation and large-scale structure studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6254 </DOCNO>
Shocks in sand flowing in a silo


  We study the formation of shocks on the surface of a granular material
draining through an orifice at the bottom of a quasi-two dimensional silo. At
high flow rates, the surface is observed to deviate strongly from a smooth
linear inclined profile giving way to a sharp discontinuity in the height of
the surface near the bottom of the incline, the typical response of a choking
flow such as encountered in a hydraulic jump in a Newtonian fluid like water.
We present experimental results that characterize the conditions for the
existence of such a jump, describe its structure and give an explanation for
its occurrence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2700 </DOCNO>
Phase-locking of driven vortex lattices with transverse ac-force and


  For a vortex lattice moving in a periodic array we show analytically and
numerically that a new type of phase locking occurs in the presence of a
longitudinal dc driving force and a transverse ac driving force. This phase
locking is distinct from the Shapiro step phase locking found with longitudinal
ac drives. We show that an increase in critical current and a fundamental phase
locked step width scale with the square of the driving ac amplitude. Our
results should carry over to other systems such as vortex motion in
Josephson-junction arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5200 </DOCNO>
Influence of the pseudogap on the superconductivity-induced phonon


  We investigate the influence of a d-density wave (DDW) gap on the
superconductivity-induced renormalization of phonon frequency and linewidth.
The results are discussed with respect to Raman and inelastic neutron
scattering experiments. It turns out that the DDW gap can enhance the range of
frequencies for $q=0$ phonon softening depending on the underlying band
structure. Moreover we show that an anisotropic 'd-wave' pseudogap can also
contribute to the q-dependent linewidth broadening of the 340cm$^{-1}$ phonon
in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128380 </DOCNO>
Radio-optically selected clusters of galaxies. I. The radiogalaxy sample


  In order to study the status and the possible evolution of clusters of
galaxies at intermediate redshifts (z ~ 0.1 - 0.3), as well as their spatial
correlation and relationship with the local environment, we built a sample of
candidate groups and clusters of galaxies using radiogalaxies as tracers of
dense environments. This technique - complementary to purely optical or X-ray
cluster selection methods - represents an interesting tool for the selection of
clusters in a wide range of richness, so to make it possible to study the
global properties of groups and clusters of galaxies, such as their
morphological content, dynamical status and number density, as well as the
effect of the environment on the radio emission phenomena. In this paper we
describe the compilation of a catalogue of 16000 radio sources in the region of
the South Galactic Pole extracted from the publicly available NRAO VLA Sky
Survey maps, and the optical identification procedure with galaxies brighter
than b_J=20.0 in the EDSGC Catalogue. The radiogalaxy sample, valuable for the
study of radio source populations down to low flux levels, consists of 1288
identifications and has been used to detect candidate groups and clusters
associated to NVSS radio sources. In a companion paper we will discuss the
cluster detection method, the cluster sample as well as first spectroscopic
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97641 </DOCNO>
Wavelet Filtering with the Mellin Transform


  It is shown that any convolution operator in the time domain can be
represented exactly as a multiplication operator in the time-scale (wavelet)
domain. The Mellin transform gives a one-to-one correspondence between
frequency filters (multiplications in the frequency domain) and scale filters
(multiplications in the scale domain), subject to the convergence of the
defining integrals. The usual wavelet reconstruction theorem is a special case.
Applications to the denoising of random signals are proposed. It is argued that
the present method is more suitable for removing the effects of atmospheric
turbulence than the conventional procedures because it is ideally suited for
resolving spectral power laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129570 </DOCNO>
The Nature of Dark Matter


  Cold Dark Matter (CDM) has become the standard modern theory of cosmological
structure formation. Its predictions appear to be in good agreement with data
on large scales, and it naturally accounts for many properties of galaxies. But
despite its many successes, there has been concern about CDM on small scales
because of the possible contradiction between the linearly rising rotation
curves observed in some dark-matter-dominated galaxies vs. the $1/r$ density
cusps at the centers of simulated CDM halos. Other CDM issues on small scales
include the very large number of small satellite halos in simulations, far more
than the number of small galaxies observed locally, and problems concerning the
angular momentum of the baryons in dark matter halos. The latest data and
simulations have lessened, although not entirely resolved, these concerns.
Meanwhile, the main alternatives to CDM that have been considered to solve
these problems, self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) and warm dark matter (WDM),
have been found to have serious drawbacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124733 </DOCNO>
Th Ages for Metal-Poor Stars


  With a sample of 22 metal-poor stars, we demonstrate that the heavy element
abundance pattern (Z > 55) is the same as the r-process contributions to the
solar nebula. This bolsters the results of previous studies that there is a
universal r-process production pattern. We use the abundance of thorium in five
metal-poor stars, along with an estimate of the initial Th abundance based on
the abundances of stable r-process elements, to measure their ages. We have
four field red giants with errors of 4.2 Gyr in their ages and one M92 giant
with an error of 5.6 Gyr, based on considering the sources of observational
error only. We obtain an average age of 11.4 Gyr, which depends critically on
the assumption of an initial production ratio of Th/Eu of 0.496. If the
Universe is 15 Gyr old, then the initial Th/Eu value should be 0.590, in
agreement with some theoretical models of the r-process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179246 </DOCNO>
Hydro+Cascade, Flow, the Equation of State, Predictions and Data


  A Hydro+Cascade model has been used to describe radial and elliptic flow at
the SPS and successfully predicted the radial and elliptic flow measured by the
both STAR and PHENIX collaborations . Furthermore, a combined description of
the radial and elliptic flow for different particle species, restricts the
Equation of State(EoS) and points towards an EoS with a phase transition to the
Quark Gluon Plasma(QGP) .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86797 </DOCNO>
The time travel paradox


  We define the time travel paradox in physical terms and prove its existence
by constructing an explicit example. We argue further that in theories -- such
as general relativity -- where the spacetime geometry is subject to nothing but
differential equations and initial data no paradoxes arise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113702 </DOCNO>
Quantum Force in a Superconductor


  A contradiction of the Little-Parks experiment with the Ohm's law and other
fundamental laws is explained. This explanation shows that the Little-Parks
oscillations of the loop resistance are an experimental evidence of a direct
(non-chaotic) Brownian motion. The Langevin force is connected with a change of
the momentum circulation of superconducting pairs because of the quantization.
Its average value can be non-zero because of the quantization. The existence of
a direct Brownian motion contradicts to the principle on which the second law
of thermodynamic is based. Therefore the Little-Parks experiment is evidence of
a possibility of violation of the second law. In the last years other authors
have stated also violation of the second law in different quantum systems:
A.E.Allahverdyan and Th.M.Nieuwenhuizen, PRL 85, 1799 (2000); cond-mat/0011389;
V.Capec and J.Bok, Czech.J. of Phys. 49, 1645 (1999); cond-mat/0012056; Physica
A 290, 379 (2001); P. Weiss, Science News, 158, 234 (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124129 </DOCNO>
Gaussianity of Degree-Scale Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy


  We present results from a first test of the Gaussianity of degree-scale
cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. We investigate Gaussianity of the
CMB anisotropy by studying the topology of CMB anisotropy maps from the QMAP
and Saskatoon experiments. We also study the QMASK map, a combination map of
the QMAP and Saskatoon data. We measure the genus from noise-suppressed
Wiener-filtered maps at an angular scale of about 1.5 degrees. To test the
Gaussianity of the observed anisotropy, we compare these results to those
derived from a collection of simulated maps for each experiment in a Gaussian
spatially-flat cosmological constant dominated cold dark matter model. The
genus-threshold level relations of the QMAP and Saskatoon maps are consistent
with Gaussianity. While the combination QMASK map has a mildly non-Gaussian
genus curve which is not a consequence of known foreground contamination, this
result is not statistically significant at the 2 sigma level. These results
extend previous upper limits on the non-Gaussianity of the large angular scale
(> 10 degrees) CMB anisotropy (measured by the COBE DMR experiment) down to
degree angular scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41713 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Natural Widths of Sigma-c-0 and Sigma-c-++ Baryons


  In this paper we present a measurement of the natural widths of $\Sigma_c^0$
and $\Sigma_c^{++}$. Using data from the FOCUS experiment, we find
$\Gamma(\Sigma_c^0) = 1.55 +0.41/-0.37 \pm 0.38$ MeV/c^2 and
$\Gamma(\Sigma_c^0) = 2.05 +0.41/-0.38 \pm 0.38$ MeV/c^2. The first errors are
statistical, the second systematic. These results are obtained with a sample of
913 $\Sigma_c^0 \to \Lambda_c^+ \pi^-$ decays and 1110 $\Sigma_c^++ \to
\Lambda_c^+ \pi^+$ decays. These results are compared with recent theoretical
predictions. PACS numbers: 14.20.Lq 13.30Eg

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4830 </DOCNO>
Magnetism and Electronic Structure in ZnFe$_2$O$_4$ and MnFe$_2$O$_4$


  Density functional calculations are used to study magnetic and electronic
properties of the spinel ferrites, ZnFe$_2$O$_4$ and MnFe$_2$O$_4$. Correct
magnetic orderings are obtained. ZnFe$_2$O$_4$ is predicted to be a small gap
insulator in agreement with experiment. MnFe$_2$O$_4$ is found to be a low
carrier density half-metal in the fully ordered state. However, strong effects
on the electronic structure are found upon partial interchange of Fe and Mn
atoms. This indicates that the insulating character may be due to Anderson
localization associated with the intersite Mn-Fe disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72757 </DOCNO>
pQCD Structure and Hadronization in Jets and Heavy-ion Collisions


  Implications of hadronization as a rapid traversal of the QCD phase boundary
are explored for correlation structures in jets, N-N collisions and heavy-ion
collisions. Hadronization viewed as a partition of the prehadonic system
restricts the scale interval over which power-law jet correlation structures
survive. Rapid traversal of the QCD phase boundary may result in a lattice-like
residual structure in N-N and A-A conifiguration space accessible to
momentum-space correlation analysis via Hubble flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5645 </DOCNO>
Diamagnetic orbital response of mesoscopic silver rings


  We report measurements of the flux-dependent orbital magnetic susceptibility
of an ensemble of 10^5 disconnected silver rings at 217 MHz. Because of the
strong spin-orbit scattering rate in silver this experiment is a test of
existing theories on orbital magnetism. Below 100 mK the rings exhibit a
magnetic signal with a flux periodicity of h/2 e consistent with averaged
persistent currents, whose amplitude is estimated to be of the order of 0.3 nA.
The sign of the oscillations indicates diamagnetism in the vicinity of zero
magnetic field. This sign is not consistent with theoretical predictions for
average persistent currents unless considering attractive interactions in
silver. We propose an alternative interpretation taking into account spin orbit
scattering and finite frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86720 </DOCNO>
Gibbs and Quantum Discrete Spaces


  Gibbs measure is one of the central objects of the modern probability,
mathematical statistical physics and euclidean quantum field theory. Here we
define and study its natural generalization for the case when the space, where
the random field is defined is itself random. Moreover, this randomness is not
given apriori and independently of the configuration, but rather they depend on
each other, and both are given by Gibbs procedure; We call the resulting object
a Gibbs family because it parametrizes Gibbs fields on different graphs in the
support of the distribution. We study also quantum (KMS) analog of Gibbs
families. Various applications to discrete quantum gravity are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168400 </DOCNO>
Total Teleportation of an Entangled State


  We present a setup for a direct, total teleportation of a single-particle
entangled state. Our scheme consists of a parametric down-conversion source,
which emits a pair of entangled photons, and a dual Bell measurement system
with two beam splitters and two pairs of detectors. An entangled state shared
by a pair of beams can be directly transferred to another pair of beams with a
50% probability of success. By a straightforward generalization of the scheme,
total teleportation of a multi-particle entangled state can also be performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128007 </DOCNO>
On the crosscorrelation between Gravitational Wave Detectors for


  Crosscorrelation of the outputs of two Gravitational Wave (GW) detectors has
recently been proposed [1] as a method for detecting statistical association
between GWs and Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). Unfortunately, the method can be
effectively used only in the case of stationary noise. In this work a different
crosscorrelation algorithm is presented, which may effectively be applied also
in non-stationary conditions for the cumulative analysis of a large number of
GRBs. The value of the crosscorrelation at zero delay, which is the only one
expected to be correlated to any astrophysical signal, is compared with the
distribution of crosscorrelation of the same data for all non-zero delays
within the integration time interval. This background distribution is gaussian,
so the statistical significance of an experimentally observed excess would be
well-defined.
  Computer simulations using real noise data of the cryogenic GW detectors
Explorer and Nautilus with superimposed delta-like signals were performed, to
test the effectiveness of the method, and theoretical estimates of its
sensitivity compared to the results of the simulation. The effectiveness of the
proposed algorithm is compared to that of other cumulative techniques, finding
that the algorithm is particularly effective in the case of non-gaussian noise
and of a large (100-1000s) and unpredictable delay between GWs and GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6413 </DOCNO>
Weak quenched disorder and criticality: resummation of asymptotic(?)


  In these lectures, we discuss the influence of weak quenched disorder on the
critical behavior in condensed matter and give a brief review of available
experimental and theoretical results as well as results of MC simulations of
these phenomena. We concentrate on three cases: (i) uncorrelated random-site
disorder, (ii) long-range-correlated random-site disorder, and (iii) random
anisotropy.
  Today, the standard analytical description of critical behavior is given by
renormalization group results refined by resummation of the perturbation theory
series. The convergence properties of the series are unknown for most
disordered models. The main object of these lectures is to discuss the
peculiarities of the application of resummation techniques to perturbation
theory series of disordered models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99 </DOCNO>
Direct Quantization of Open Dissipative Systems


  Open, dissipative systems subject to a random force are directly quantized.
The starting point is the effective action derived using the method of
Parisi-Sourlas. Since the effective action is second-order, the method of
Ostrogradsky was used to quantize the system canonically. In the case of the
harmonic oscillator, the relevant Green function can be computed exactly. In
the general case, a perturbation expansion, involving time-dependent (memory)
terms, can be defined. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74965 </DOCNO>
Supernovae, Hypernovae and Color Superconductivity


  We argue that Color Superconductivity (CSC, Cooper pairing in quark matter
leading to the breaking of SU(3) color symmetry) may play a role in triggering
the explosive endpoint of stellar evolution in massive stars (M > 8 M_{\odot}).
We show that the binding energy release in the transition of a sub-core region
to the CSC phase can be of the same order of magnitude as the gravitational
binding energy release from core collapse. The core temperature during collapse
is likely below the critical temperature for CSC, and the transition is first
order, proceeding on Fermi timescales when the pressure reaches a critical
value of several times nuclear density. We also discuss the implications for
hypernova events with total ejecta energy of 10-100 times that of type II
supernova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76976 </DOCNO>
Differential Distributions for NLO Analyses of Charged Current


  Experimental analyses of charged current deep inelastic charm production --
as observed through dimuon events in neutrino-iron scattering -- measure the
strangeness component of the nucleon sea. A complete analysis requires a Monte
Carlo simulation to account for experimental detector acceptance effects;
therefore, a fully differential theoretical calculation is necessary to provide
complete kinematic information. We investigate the theoretical issues involved
in calculating these differential distributions at Next-Leading-Order (NLO).
Numerical results are presented for typical fixed target kinematics. We present
a corresponding FORTRAN code suitable for experimental NLO analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4700 </DOCNO>
Mean field loops versus quantum anti-crossing nets in trapped


  We study the energy level structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in
an asymmetric double well potential. We show, within the two-mode
approximation, that the quantum (many-body) energy levels create a complicated
anti-crossing net by varying the parameter of the potential. Solutions of the
Gross-Pitaevskii equation reveal intrinsic loops in the level behavior which
provides an envelope to the quantum structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150288 </DOCNO>
Warped brane-world compactification with Gauss-Bonnet term


  We present a linear treatment of the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity on a
singular co-dimension one brane embedded in $(d+1)$ dimensional anti-de Sitter
spacetimes. We show that the four-dimensional propagator at long distances
along the brane gives the zero-energy solution, which corresponds to a
localized massless graviton with correct momentum and tensor structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4849 </DOCNO>
Collisional Granular Flow as a Micropolar Fluid


  We show that a micropolar fluid model successfully describes collisional
granular flows on a slope. Micropolar fluid is the fluid with internal
structures, and the coupling between the spin of each particle and the
macroscopic velocity field is taken into account; it is a hydrodynamical
framework suitable for granular systems which consists of particles with
macroscopic size. It is demonstrated that the model equations can
quantitatively reproduce the velocity and the angular velocity profiles
obtained from the numerical simulation of the collisional granular flow on a
slope using the parameters consistent with our simple estimate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127938 </DOCNO>
Higher order corrections to lensing parameters for extended


  We discuss the contribution to the characteristic lensing quantities, i.e.
the deflection angle and Einstein radius, due to the higher order terms (e.g.
the gravitomagnetic terms) considered in the lens potential.
 The cases we analyze are the singular isothermal sphere and the disk of spiral
galaxies. It is possible to see that the perturbative effects could be of the
order 10^{-3} with respect to the ordinary terms of weak field and thin lens
approximations, so that it is not a far hypothesis to obtain evidences of them
in a next future by suitable experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126139 </DOCNO>
Are Clusters Standard Candles? Galaxy Cluster Scaling Relations With the


  An extensive sample of galaxy clusters will be available in the coming years,
detected through their Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZE). We use a semi-analytic
model to study the scientific yield of combining SZE data with X-ray and
optical follow-up observations. If clusters at a given redshift z_o can be
identified with virialized, spherical halos, they populate a well-defined
"fundamental plane" (FP) in the parameter space of the three observables:
virial temperature (T), total Sunyaev-Zeldovich flux decrement (DS), and
angular size (theta). The location and orientation of the FP, as well as its
redshift-evolution, are sensitive to both the internal evolution of clusters,
and to the underlying cosmological parameters. We show that if clusters are not
standard candles (e.g. due to feedback, or energy injection), then this can be
inferred from the FP. Likewise, we study the dependence of the FP on the
cosmological parameters h, sigma_8, and Omega_0, and quantify constraints on
these parameters. We also show that in the absence of any non-gravitational
effects, the scatter in the the (DS-T) plane is significantly smaller than in
either the (theta-T) or the (theta-DS) planes. As a result, the (DS-T) relation
can be an exceptionally sensitive probe of both cluster physics and
cosmological parameters, and a comparison of the amount of scatter in these
three scaling relations will serve as a test of the origin (cosmological vs.
stochastic) of the scatter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128184 </DOCNO>
Genetic Connections of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft Gamma Repeaters


  Genetic connections between anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) or soft gamma ray
repeaters (SGRs)and supernova remnants (SNRs) can hold important clues to the
nature of these objects through the properties of the associated SNRs. We
examine various criteria jointly to assess the reliability of possible
connections. 3 AXPs and 2 SGRs are most probably genetically connected with
SNRs. Distances and ages are discussed and their likely ranges are indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168751 </DOCNO>
Quantum Search by Local Adiabatic Evolution


  The adiabatic theorem has been recently used to design quantum algorithms of
a new kind, where the quantum computer evolves slowly enough so that it remains
near its instantaneous ground state which tends to the solution [Farhi et al.,
quant-ph/0001106]. We apply this time-dependent Hamiltonian approach to the
Grover's problem, i. e., searching a marked item in an unstructured database.
We find that, by adjusting the evolution rate of the Hamiltonian so as to keep
the evolution adiabatic on each infinitesimal time interval, the total running
time is of order $\sqrt{N}$, where $N$ is the number of items in the database.
We thus recover the advantage of Grover's standard algorithm as compared to a
classical search, scaling as $N$. This is in contrast with the constant-rate
adiabatic approach developed by Farhi et al., where the requirement of
adiabaticity is expressed only globally, resulting in a time of order $N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72612 </DOCNO>
QED in external fields, a functional point of view


  A functional partial differential equation is set for the proper graphs
generating functional of QED in external electromagnetic fields. This equation
leads to the evolution of the proper graphs with the external field amplitude
and the external field gauge dependence of the complete fermion propagator and
vertex is derived non-perturbativally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125866 </DOCNO>
HST/STIS spectroscopy of the exposed white dwarf in the short-period


  We present high resolution Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet spectroscopy of
the dwarf nova EK TrA obtained in deep quiescence. The Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph data reveal the broad Ly-alpha absorption profile typical of a
moderately cool white dwarf, overlayed by numerous broad emission lines of He,
C, N, and Si and by a number of narrow absorption lines, mainly of CI and SiII.
Assuming a white dwarf mass in the range 0.3-1.4Msun we derive
Teff=17500-23400K for the primary in EK TrA; Teff=18800K for a canonical mass
of 0.6Msun. From the narrow photospheric absorption lines, we measure the white
dwarf rotational velocity, v*sin i=200+-100kms. Even though the strong
contamination of the photospheric white dwarf absorption spectrum by the
emission lines prevents a detailed quantitative analysis of the chemical
abundances of the atmosphere, the available data suggest slightly sub-solar
abundances. The high time resolution of the STIS data allows us to associate
the observed ultraviolet flickering with the emission lines, possibly
originating in a hot optically thin corona above the cold accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114275 </DOCNO>
Rejuvenation of the Controls for the CERN PS/Isolde Facilty Using


  In the context of the general consolidation of the CERN ISOLDE facility, a
project has been started to upgrade the ISOLDE control system. We describe the
new ISOLDE control system, emphasizing the systematic use of industrial
components such as PLCs and field buses, their integration with the existing,
VME based, CERN PS control system and their potential applicability to both
existing and new controls problems at the CERN PS complex. We also discuss how
to extend a PLC-based solution to the case where real-time response is an
issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81050 </DOCNO>
Finite-size scaling and the deconfinement transition in gauge theories


  We introduce a new method for determining the critical indices of the
deconfinement transition in gauge theories. The method is based on the finite
size scaling behavior of the expectation value of simple lattice operators,
such as the plaquette. We test the method for the case of SU(3) pure gauge
theory in (2+1) dimensions and obtain a precise determination of the critical
index $\nu$, in agreement with the prediction of the Svetitsky-Yaffe
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1765 </DOCNO>
Self-Similar Extrapolation of Asymptotic Series and Forecasting for Time


  The method of extrapolating asymptotic series, based on the Self-Similar
Approximation Theory, is developed. Several important questions are answered,
which makes the foundation of the method unambiguous and its application
straightforward. It is shown how the extrapolation of asymptotic series can be
reformulated as forecasting for time series. The probability measure is
introduced characterizing the ensemble of forecasted scenarios. The way of
choosing the complete family of data bases is advanced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148804 </DOCNO>
Quenched, Minisuperspace, Bosonic p-brane Propagator


  We borrow the minisuperspace approximation from Quantum Cosmology and the
quenching approximation from QCD in order to derive a new form of the bosonic
p-brane propagator. In this new approximation we obtain an exact description of
both the collective mode deformation of the brane and the center of mass
dynamics in the target spacetime. The collective mode dynamics is a
generalization of string dynamics in terms of area variables. The final result
is that the evolution of a p-brane in the quenched-minisuperspace approximation
is formally equivalent to the effective motion of a particle in a spacetime
where points as well as hypersurfaces are considered on the same footing as
fundamental geometrical objects. This geometric equivalence leads us to define
a new tension-shell condition that is a direct extension of the Klein-Gordon
condition for material particles to the case of a physical p-brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41732 </DOCNO>
Recent Progress on the BNL Muon g-2 Experiment


  The status of the muon (g-2) experiment at the Brookhaven AGS is reviewed. An
accuracy of 1.3 ppm on the mu^+ anomalous magnetic moment has been achieved and
published. This result differs with the standard model prediction by about 2.5
standard deviations. A data sample with approximately seven times as much data
is being analyzed, with a result expected in early 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87045 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theoretical Construction of Non-compact Calabi-Yau Manifolds


  We construct the non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds interpreted as the complex
line bundles over the Hermitian symmetric spaces. These manifolds are the
various generalizations of the complex line bundle over CP^{N-1}. Imposing an
F-term constraint on the line bundle over CP^{N-1}, we obtain the line bundle
over the complex quadric surface Q^{N-2}. On the other hand, when we promote
the U(1) gauge symmetry in CP^{N-1} to the non-abelian gauge group U(M), the
line bundle over the Grassmann manifold is obtained. We construct the
non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds with isometries of exceptional groups, which
we have not discussed in the previous papers. Each of these manifolds contains
the resolution parameter which controls the size of the base manifold, and the
conical singularity appears when the parameter vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113386 </DOCNO>
Lines on Del Pezzo surfaces and transfinite heterotic string spacetimes


  It is pointed out that the hierarchy of fractal dimensions characterizing
transfinite heterotic string spacetimes bears a striking resemblance to the
sequence of the number of lines lying on Del Pezzo surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169540 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory for the Binomial Model in Finance Thoery


  This paper is concerned with the quantum properties of the binomial model
(or, the CRR-model). We show that the single-step binomial model is incomplete
in the quantum setting. All risk-neutral states of the single-step binomial
model in the quantum setting are characterized. Moreover, it is shown that all
single-step models are incomplete in the quantum setting. Therefore,
incompleteness is basic in `quantum finance'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126818 </DOCNO>
Omega_m - Different Ways to Determine the Matter Density of the Universe


  A summary of various measurements of the mean matter density in the universe,
Omega_m, is presented. Results from very different kinds of methods using
various astronomical objects -- from supernovae to large-scale structure -- are
shown. There is a remarkable preference for Omega_m values around 0.3, but
there are also some measurements that favour a higher or a smaller value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98863 </DOCNO>
The SPIN$^c$ Dirac operator on high tensor powers of a line bundle


  We study the asymptotic of the spectrum of the \spin Dirac operator on high
tensor powers of a line bundle. As application, we get a simple proof of the
main result of Guillemin-Uribe, which was originally proved by using the
analysis of Toeplitz operators of Boutet de Monvel and Guillemin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6654 </DOCNO>
Photon recycling white light emitting diode based on InGaN multiple


  A numerical method based on the transfer matrix technique is developed to
calculate the luminescence spectra of complex layered structures with photon
recycling. Using this method we show a strong dependence of the emission
spectra on the optical eigenmode structure of the device. The enhancement of
the photon recycling and the LED external efficiency can be achieved by placing
the active regions inside single or coupled microcavities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83628 </DOCNO>
Several new domain-type and boundary-type numerical discretization


  This paper is concerned with a few novel RBF-based numerical schemes
discretizing partial differential equations. For boundary-type methods, we
derive the indirect and direct symmetric boundary knot methods (BKM). The
resulting interpolation matrix of both is always symmetric irrespective of
boundary geometry and conditions. In particular, the direct BKM applies the
practical physical variables rather than expansion coefficients and becomes
very competitive to the boundary element method. On the other hand, based on
the multiple reciprocity principle, we invent the RBF-based boundary particle
method (BPM) for general inhomogeneous problems without a need using inner
nodes. The direct and symmetric BPM schemes are also developed.
  For domain-type RBF discretization schemes, by using the Green integral we
develop a new Hermite RBF scheme called as the modified Kansa method (MKM),
which differs from the symmetric Hermite RBF scheme in that the MKM discretizes
both governing equation and boundary conditions on the same boundary nodes. The
local spline version of the MKM is named as the finite knot method (FKM). Both
MKM and FKM significantly reduce calculation errors at nodes adjacent to
boundary. In addition, the nonsingular high-order fundamental or general
solution is strongly recommended as the RBF in the domain-type methods and dual
reciprocity method approximation of particular solution relating to the BKM.
  It is stressed that all the above discretization methods of boundary-type and
domain-type are symmetric, meshless, and integration-free. The spline-based
schemes will produce desirable symmetric sparse banded interpolation matrix. In
appendix, we present a Hermite scheme to eliminate edge effect on the RBF
geometric modeling and imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96183 </DOCNO>
A partition relation using strongly compact cardinals


  If kappa is strongly compact, lambda > kappa is regular, then (2^{<
lambda})^+ --> (lambda+eta)^2_theta holds for eta,theta<kappa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128494 </DOCNO>
The Galaxy Population of Cl1601+42 at z=0.54


  Photometric redshifts are used to determine the rest frame luminosity
function (LF) of both early-type and late-type galaxies to M_B ~ -17.6 for the
cluster Cl1601+42 at z = 0.54. The total LF shows a steep faint-end slope alpha
\~ -1.4, indicating the existence of a numerous population of dwarf galaxies.
Luminous galaxies, with M_B < -19.5 are mostly red, early-type galaxies, with a
LF best described by a Gaussian. Faint galaxies are predominantly blue,
late-type galaxies, well fitted by a Schechter function with alpha ~ -1.7.
Compared to clusters at lower redshift, the steepening of the faint end starts
at brighter magnitudes for Cl1601+42, which may indicate a brightening of
todays dwarf population relative to the giant population with increasing
redshift. Early-type galaxies are centrally concentrated, and dominate the core
region, implying that the radial gradient of early-type galaxies seen in local
clusters is already established at z ~ 0.5. Bright, late-type galaxies are
rare, consistent with a decrease in star formation in field galaxies as they
are accreted on to the cluster, while faint, blue galaxies are evenly
distributed across the cluster, except for a depletion in the core region. The
blue fraction is f_B ~ 0.15, which is somewhat lower than the Butcher-Oemler
average at z ~ 0.5. The value of f_B is found to increase with limiting
magnitude and with radius from the centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74900 </DOCNO>
No-Go Theorem for Horizon-Shielded Self-Tuning Singularities


  We derive a simple no-go theorem relating to self-tuning solutions to the
cosmological constant for observers on a brane, which rely on a singularity in
an extra dimension. The theorem shows that it is impossible to shield the
singularity from the brane by a horizon, unless the positive energy condition
(rho+p >= 0) is violated in the bulk or on the brane. The result holds
regardless of the kinds of fields which are introduced in the bulk or on the
brane, whether Z_2 symmetry is imposed at the brane, or whether higher
derivative terms of the Gauss-Bonnet form are added to the gravitational part
of the action. However, the no-go theorem can be evaded if the three-brane has
spatial curvature. We discuss explicit realizations of such solutions which
have both self-tuning and a horizon shielding the singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98004 </DOCNO>
Fujiki relation on symplectic varieties


  We generalize Fujiki relation of Beauville-Bogomolov quadratic form on a
projective symplectic variety. As an application, we study a fibre space
structure of a projective symplectic variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168347 </DOCNO>
The Quantum State of an Ideal Propagating Laser Field


  We give a quantum information-theoretic description of an ideal propagating
CW laser field and reinterpret typical quantum-optical experiments in light of
this. In particular we show that contrary to recent claims [T. Rudolph and B.
C. Sanders, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 077903 (2001)], a conventional laser can be
used for quantum teleportation with continuous variables and for generating
continuous-variable entanglement. Optical coherence is not required, but phase
coherence is. We also show that coherent states play a priveleged role in the
description of laser light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149605 </DOCNO>
Engineering a bosonic AdS/CFT correspondence


  We search for a possible bosonic (i.e. non-supersymmetric) string/gauge
theory correspondence by using IIB and 0B strings as a guide. Our construction
is based on the low-energy bosonic string effective action modified by an extra
form flux. The closed string tachyon can be stabilyzed if the AdS scale L does
not exceed certain critical value, L<L_c. We argue that the extra form may be
generated as a soliton from 3-string junctions, similarly to the known
non-perturbative (Jackiw-Rebbi-'t Hooft-Hasenfratz) mechanism in gauge
theories. The stable AdS_{13} x S^{13} solution is found, which apparently
implies the existence of a 12-dimensional AdS-boundary conformal field theory
with the SO(14) global symmetry in the large N 't Hooft limit. We also
generalize the conjectured AdS/CFT duality to finite temperature, and calculate
the `glueball' masses from the dilaton wave equation in the AdS black hole
background, in various spacetime dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5286 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Transitions in Pure Ising Magnets under Pulsed and Oscillating


  Response of pure Ising systems to time-dependent external magnetic fields,
like pulsed and oscillating fields, are discussed and compared here. Because of
the two time scales involved, namely the thermodynamic relaxation time of the
system and the pulse width or the time period of the external field,
dynamically broken symmetric phases appear spontaneously when both become
comparable. A particularly simple case is that of an Ising ferromagnet below
its static critical temperature, when it is perturbed for a short duration by a
pulsed magnetic field competing with the existing order in the system. If the
field strength and duration is more than the threshold (dependent on the
temperature), the system, and consequently the magnetization, switches from one
minimum to the other of the static free energy. This magnetization reversal
transition here shows intriguing dynamic transition behaviour, similar to those
for oscillating fields. Monte Carlo studies for such dynamic transitions are
discussed and compared with the mean field results for the same and the Monte
Carlo results for the oscillating field case. In particular, we discuss about
the Monte Carlo results for the fluctuations and their growth behaviour near
this magnetization reversal (dynamic) transition point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97767 </DOCNO>
A negative answer to a one-dimensional symmetry problem in the


  De Giorgi conjectured that bounded monotone solutions to the Ginzburg-Landau
equation are constant along hyperplanes, in this paper we prove that in the
Heisenberg group this conjecture doesn't hold true with respect to the center
direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 200 </DOCNO>
A new type of neutral-ionic interface in mixed-stack organic


  Raman and polarized infrared spectra of the mixed stack charge transfer
crystal 2-chloro-5methyl-p-phenylendiamine- -2,5-dimethyl-dicyanoquinonediimine
(ClMePD-DMeDCNQI) are reported as a function of temperature. A detailed
spectral interpretation allows us to gain new insight into the temperature
induced neutral-ionic transition in this compound. In particular, the crossing
of the neutral-ionic borderline appears to be quite different from that of the
few known temperature induced neutral-ionic phase transitions. First of all,
the ionicity change is continuous. Furthermore, the onset of stack dimerization
precedes, rather than accompanies, the neutral-ionic crossing. The (second
order) phase transition is then driven by the dimerization, but the extent of
dimerization is in turn affected by the ionicity change.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5536 </DOCNO>
Radial DLA: two fractal dimensions and deviations from self-similarity


  When suitably rescaled, the distribution of the angular gaps between branches
of off-lattice radial DLA is shown to approach a size-independent limit. The
power-law expected from an asymptotic fractal dimension D=1.71 arises only for
very small angular gaps, which occur only for clusters significantly larger
than one million particles. Intermediate size gaps exhibit an effective
dimension around 1.66, even for cluster sizes going to infinity. They dominate
the distribution for clusters with less than a million particles. The largest
gap approaches a finite limit extremely slowly, with a correction of order
M^{-0.17}, where M is the cluster mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87229 </DOCNO>
Parametric gravity wave detector


  Since 1978 superconducting coupled cavities have been proposed as a sensitive
detector of gravitational waves. The interaction of the gravitational wave with
the cavity walls, and the esulting motion, induces the transition of some
energy from an initially excited cavity mode to an empty one. The energy
transfer is maximum when the frequency of the wave is equal to the frequency
difference of the two cavity modes. In 1984 Reece, Reiner and Melissinos built
a detector of the type proposed, and used it as a transducer of harmonic
mechanical motion, achieving a sensitivity to fractional deformations of the
order dx/x ~ 10^(-18). In this paper the working principles of the detector are
discussed and the last experimental results summarized. New ideas for the
development of a realistic gravitational waves detector are considered; the
outline of a possible detector design and its expected sensitivity are also
shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75342 </DOCNO>
Baryons in O(4) and Vibron Model


  The structure of the reported excitation spectra of the light unflavored
baryons is described in terms of multi-spin valued Lorentz group
representations of the so called Rarita-Schwinger (RS) type (K/2, K/2)* [(1/
2,0)+ (0,1/2)] with K=1,3, and 5. We first motivate legitimacy of such pattern
as fundamental fields as they emerge in the decomposition of triple fermion
constructs into Lorentz representations. We then study the baryon realization
of RS fields as composite systems by means of the quark version of the U(4)
symmetric diatomic rovibron model. In using the U(4)/ O(4)/ O(3)/ O(2)
reduction chain, we are able to reproduce quantum numbers and mass splittings
of the above resonance assemblies. We present the essentials of the four
dimensional angular momentum algebra and construct electromagnetic tensor
operators. The predictive power of the model is illustrated by ratios of
reduced probabilities concerning electric de-excitations of various resonances
to the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98719 </DOCNO>
Lines on algebraic varieties


  A variety $X$ is covered by lines if there exist a finite number of lines
contained in $X$ passing through each general point. I prove two theorems.
  Theorem 1:Let $X^n\subset P^M$ be a variety covered by lines. Then there are
at most $n!$ lines passing through a general point of $X$.
  Theorem 2:Let $X^n\subsetP^{n+1}$ be a hypersurface and let $x\in X$ be a
general point. If the set of lines having contact to order $k$ with $X$ at $x$
is of dimension greater than expected, then the lines having contact to order
$k$ are actually contained in $X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3824 </DOCNO>
Diffusion equation and spin drag in spin-polarized transport


  We study the role of electron-electron interactions for spin polarized
transport using the Boltzmann equation and derive a set of coupled transport
equations. For spin polarized transport the electron-electron interactions are
important, because they tend to equilibrate the momentum of the two spin
species. This ``spin drag'' effect enhances the resistivity of the system. The
enhancement is stronger the lower the dimension and should be measurable in for
example a two dimensional electron gas with ferromagnetic contacts. We also
include spin flip scattering which has two effects: it equilibrates the spin
density imbalance and, provided it has a non s-wave component, also the current
imbalance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5385 </DOCNO>
Investigation on gait by means of factorial moments


  By means of Factorial Moments(FM), the long-range correlations embedded in
gait time series are investigated. It is found that FM is an effective tool to
deal with this kind of time series. Keywords: Factorial Moments,Time series,
Long-range correlations

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6680 </DOCNO>
Optically induced coherent intra-band dynamics in disordered


  On the basis of a tight-binding model for a strongly disordered semiconductor
with correlated conduction- and valence band disorder a new coherent dynamical
intra-band effect is analyzed. For systems that are excited by two, specially
designed ultrashort light-pulse sequences delayed by tau relatively to each
other echo-like phenomena are predicted to occur. In addition to the inter-band
photon echo which shows up at exactly t=2*tau relative to the first pulse, the
system responds with two spontaneous intra-band current pulses preceding and
following the appearance of the photon echo. The temporal splitting depends on
the electron-hole mass ratio. Calculating the population relaxation rate due to
Coulomb scattering, it is concluded that the predicted new dynamical effect
should be experimentally observable in an interacting and strongly disordered
system, such as the Quantum-Coulomb-Glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169295 </DOCNO>
Simulation of many-body interactions by conditional geometric phases


  It is shown how to exactly simulate many-body interactions and multi-qubit
gates by coupling finite dimensional systems, e.g., qubits with a continuous
variable. Cyclic evolution in the phase space of such a variable gives rise to
a geometric phase, depending on a product of commuting operators. The latter
allows to simulate many-body Hamiltonians and nonlinear Hamiltonians, and to
implement a big variety of multi-qubit quantum gates on both qubits and encoded
qubits. An application to the quantum amplitude amplification algorithm will be
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125787 </DOCNO>
Simulations of MHD Turbulence in a Strongly Magnetized Medium


  We analyze 3D numerical simulations of driven incompressible
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in a periodic box threaded by a moderately
strong external magnetic field. We sum over nonlinear interactions within
Fourier wavebands and find that the time scale for the energy cascade is
consistent with the Goldreich-Sridhar model of strong MHD turbulence. Using
higher order longitudinal structure functions we show that the turbulent
motions in the plane perpendicular to the local mean magnetic field are similar
to ordinary hydrodynamic turbulence while motions parallel to the field are
consistent with a scaling correction which arises from the eddy anisotropy. We
present the structure tensor describing velocity statistics of Alfvenic and
pseudo-Alfvenic turbulence. Finally, we confirm that an imbalance of energy
moving up and down magnetic field lines leads to a slow decay of turbulent
motions and speculate that this imbalance is common in the interstellar medium
where injection of energy is intermittent both in time and space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73156 </DOCNO>
The Threshold Expansion of the 2-loop Sunrise Selfmass Master Amplitudes


  The threshold behavior of the master amplitudes for two loop sunrise
self-mass graph is studied by solving the system of differential equations,
which they satisfy. The expansion at the threshold of the master amplitudes is
obtained analytically for arbitrary masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87090 </DOCNO>
The Inflaton Field as Self-Interacting Dark Matter


  A unified model is developed within the context of the braneworld paradigm,
where a single scalar field can act as both the inflaton field in the very
early universe and also as strong, self-interacting dark matter in the
post-inflationary universe. Reheating proceeds due to the overproduction and
subsequent evaporation of primordial black holes. Observational constraints,
most notably from gravitational waves, are satisfied if the probability of PBH
formation is sufficiently high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73463 </DOCNO>
g-2 in composite models of leptons


  Based on the bound state description of the muon and general relativistic
covariant quantum field theory, we illustrate with a simple composite model
that the observed deviation of (g-2)_\mu can be a demonstration of the
substructure of the muon and give the constraints on the radius of the muon in
different cases of light constituents and heavy constituents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124888 </DOCNO>
High-resolution Near-Infrared Images and Models of the Circumstellar


  We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-object
Spectrometer (NICMOS) observations of the reflection nebulosity associated with
the T Tauri star HH 30. The images show the scattered light pattern
characteristic of a highly inclined, optically thick disk with a prominent
dustlane whose width decreases with increasing wavelength. The reflected
nebulosity exhibits a lateral asymmetry in the upper lobe on the opposite side
to that reported in previously published Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2)
images. The radiation transfer model which most closely reproduces the data has
a flared accretion disk with dust grains larger than standard interstellar
medium grains by a factor of approximately 2.1. A single hotspot on the stellar
surface provides the necessary asymmetry to fit the images and is consistent
with previous modeling of the light curve and images. Photometric analysis
results in an estimated extinction of Av>~80; however, since the photometry
measures only scattered light rather than direct stellar flux, this a lower
limit. The radiative transfer models require an extinction of Av = 7,900.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96589 </DOCNO>
Definability of initial segments


  We consider implicit definability of the standard part {0,1,...} in
nonstandard models of Peano arithmetic (PA), and we ask whether there is a
model of PA in which the standard part is implicitly definable. In section 1,
we define a certain class of formulas, and show that in any model of PA the
standard part is not implicitly defined by using such formulas. In section 2 we
construct a model of PA in which the standard part is implicitly defined. To
construct such a model, first we assume a set theoretic hypothesis
diamondsuit_{S_lambda^{lambda^+}}, which is an assertion of the existence of a
very general set. Then we shall eliminate the hypothesis using absoluteness for
the existence of a model having a tree structure with a certain property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128993 </DOCNO>
Radial Velocities of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies in the M81 Group


  Long-slit observations of 4 dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the M81 group are
presented. We have obtained a heliocentric velocity of globular cluster
candidate located near the center of DDO78 to be +55 +- 10 km/s by
cross-correlation with template stars. We estimated a heliocentric radial
velocity of -116 +- 21 km/s for an HII region seen in the K 61.
 A red diffuse object near the K64 center is found to be a remote galaxy with a
heliocentric velocity of +46530 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174821 </DOCNO>
Precision Measurement of the Spin-dependent Asymmetry in the Threshold


  We present the first precision measurement of the spin-dependent asymmetry in
the threshold region of $^3\vec{\rm He}(\vec{e},e')$ at $Q^2$-values of 0.1 and
0.2 (GeV/c)$^2$. The agreement between the data and non-relativistic Faddeev
calculations which include both final-state interactions (FSI) and
meson-exchange currents (MEC) effects is very good at $Q^2$ = 0.1 (GeV/c)$^2$,
while a small discrepancy at $Q^2$ = 0.2 (GeV/c)$^2$ is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4126 </DOCNO>
The microcanonical theory and pseudoextensive systems


  In the present paper are considered the self-similarity scaling postulates in
order to extend the Thermodynamics to the study of one special class of
nonextensive systems: the pseudoextensive, those with exponential behavior for
the asymptotical states density of the microcanonical ensemble. It is shown
that this kind of systems could be described with the usual Boltzmann-Gibbs'
Distribution with an appropriate selection of the representation of the
movement integrals. It is shown that the pseudoextensive systems are the
natural frame for the application of the microcanonical thermostatistics theory
of D. H. E. Gross.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 503 </DOCNO>
Effective Theory For Quantum Spin System In Low Dimension - Beyond


  An effective theory for quantum spin system in low dimension is constructed
in the finite-q regime. It is shown that there are field configurations for
which Wess-Zumino term contributes to the partition functions as topological
term for ferromagnet as well as antiferromagnet in both one and two dimensional
lattice,in contrast to the long wave length regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125708 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX Observations of 1 Jy BL Lacertae Objects. I


  We present new BeppoSAX observations of seven BL Lacertae objects selected
from the 1 Jy sample plus one additional source. The collected data cover the
energy range 0.1 - 10 keV (observer's frame), reaching ~ 50 keV for one source
(BL Lac). All sources characterized by a peak in their multifrequency spectra
at infrared/optical energies (i.e., of the LBL type) display a relatively flat
(alpha_x ~ 0.9) X-ray spectrum, which we interpret as inverse Compton emission.
Four objects (2/3 of the LBL) show some evidence for a low-energy steepening
which is likely due to the synchrotron tail merging into the inverse Compton
component around ~ 1 - 3 keV. If this were generally the case with LBL, it
would explain why the 0.1 - 2.4 keV ROSAT spectra of our sources are
systematically steeper than the BeppoSAX ones (by ~ 0.5 in alpha_x). The
broad-band spectral energy distributions fully confirm this picture and a
synchrotron inverse Compton model allows us to derive the physical parameters
(intrinsic power, magnetic field, etc.) of our sources. Combining our results
with those obtained by BeppoSAX on BL Lacs covering a wide range of synchrotron
peak frequencies, we confirm and clarify the dependence of the X-ray spectral
index on synchrotron peak frequency originally found in ROSAT data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123992 </DOCNO>
The lives and deaths of star clusters near the Galactic center


  We study the evolution and observability of young, compact star clusters near
the Galactic center, such as the Arches and Quintuplet systems. The clusters
are modeled by integrating the equations of motion of all stars while
accounting for the internal evolution of stars and binaries, as well as the
effect of the Galactic tidal field. We find that clusters within 150 pc of the
Galactic center dissolve within ~55 Myr, but their projected densities drop
below the background density in the direction of the Galactic center within
only a few Myr, effectively making these clusters undetectable after that time.
Detailed observations of the Arches cluster, taken at face value, suggest that
its mass function is unusually flat and that the cluster contains an
overabundance of stars more massive than 20 Msun. Our dynamical analysis,
however, shows that the observed characteristics of the Arches cluster are
consistent with a perfectly normal initial mass function. The observed
anomalies are then caused by a combination of observational selection effects
and the dynamical evolution of the cluster. We calibrate the current parameters
of the Arches cluster using a normal initial mass function and conclude that
the cluster is more massive than 40000 Msun, has a half mass radius of about
0.35 pc and is located between 50 and 90 pc from the Galactic center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86351 </DOCNO>
Surface Layers in General Relativity and Their Relation to Surface


  For a thin shell, the intrinsic 3-pressure will be shown to be analogous to
-A, where A is the classical surface tension: First, interior and exterior
Schwarzschild solutions will be matched together such that the surface layer
generated at the common boundary has no gravitational mass; then its intrinsic
3-pressure represents a surface tension fulfilling Kelvin's relation between
mean curvature and pressure difference in the Newtonian limit. Second, after a
suitable definition of mean curvature, the general relativistic analogue to
Kelvin's relation will be proven to be contained in the equation of motion of
the surface layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 562 </DOCNO>
Field theory of self-organized fractal etching


  We propose a phenomenological field theoretical approach to the chemical
etching of a disordered-solid. The theory is based on a recently proposed
dynamical etching model. Through the introduction of a set of Langevin
equations for the model evolution, we are able to map the problem into a field
theory related to isotropic percolation. To the best of the authors knowledge,
it constitutes the first application of field theory to a problem of chemical
dynamics. By using this mapping, many of the etching process critical
properties are seen to be describable in terms of the percolation
renormalization group fixed point. The emerging field theory has the
peculiarity of being ``{\it self-organized}'', in the sense that without any
parameter fine-tuning, the system develops fractal properties up to certain
scale controlled solely by the volume, $V$, of the etching solution.
  In the limit $V \to \infty$ the upper cut-off goes to infinity and the system
becomes scale invariant. We present also a finite size scaling analysis and
discuss the relation of this particular etching mechanism with Gradient
Percolation.
  Finally, the possibility of considering this mechanism as a new generic path
to self-organized criticality is analyzed, with the characteristics of being
closely related to a real physical system and therefore more directly
accessible to experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6411 </DOCNO>
Local and macroscopic tunneling spectroscopy of Y(1-x)CaxBa2Cu3O(7-d)


  Tunneling spectroscopy of epitaxial (110) Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-d films reveals a
doping dependent transition from pure d(x2-y2) to d(x2-y2)+is or d(x2-y2)+idxy
order parameter. The subdominant (is or idxy) component manifests itself in a
splitting of the zero bias conductance peak and the appearance of subgap
structures. The splitting is seen in the overdoped samples, increases
systematically with doping, and is found to be an inherent property of the
overdoped films. It was observed in both local tunnel junctions, using scanning
tunneling microscopy (STM), and in macroscopic planar junctions, for films
prepared by either RF sputtering or laser ablation. The STM measurements
exhibit fairly uniform splitting size in [110] oriented areas on the order of
10 nm2 but vary from area to area, indicating some doping inhomogeneity. U and
V-shaped gaps were also observed, with good correspondence to the local
faceting, a manifestation of the dominant d-wave order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127394 </DOCNO>
Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopy of V471 Tauri: Oversized K Star,


  We have used the GHRS onboard the HST to obtain Lyman-alpha spectra of the
hot white-dwarf (WD) component of the short-period eclipsing DA+dK2
pre-cataclysmic binary V471 Tauri, a member of the Hyades star cluster. Radial
velocities of the WD, combined with ground-based measurements of the dK
velocities, eclipse timings, and a determination of the dK star's rotational
velocity, yield dynamical masses for the components of M(WD)=0.84 and
M(dK)=0.93 Msun. Model-atmosphere fitting of the Ly-alpha profile provides the
effective temperature (34,500 K) and surface gravity (log g=8.3) of the WD. The
radius of the dK component is 18% larger than that of a normal Hyades dwarf of
the same mass. This expansion is attributed to the extensive coverage of the
surface by starspots, causing the star to expand in response. The WD radius,
determined from a radiometric analysis and from eclipse ingress timings, is
0.0107 Rsun. The position of the star in the M-R plane is in full accord with
theory for a degenerate CO WD. The high temperature and mass of the WD present
an evolutionary paradox: the WD is the most massive known in the Hyades, but
also the hottest and youngest. We suggest that the explanation is that the WD
is indeed very young, and is descended from a triple consisting of a blue
straggler and a more-distant dK companion. We estimate that the common-envelope
efficiency parameter, alpha_CE, was of order 0.3-1.0, in good agreement with
recent hydrodynamical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148197 </DOCNO>
Dilatonic Wilson Loops


  In this letter we study the dilatonic corrections to the static gauge
potential between heavy sources. These corrections come from the solutions to
the the lowest order beta equations. In the energetically favoured branch, the
potential obtained is characterised by having a linear confining term, an $L$
independent term and another 1/L piece. This is indicative of a L\"uscher-type
behaviour in the strong-coupling regime of the dual gauge theory. On the other
hand, we also explore the singularity as a point where the theory becomes free.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83718 </DOCNO>
Expressing the cone radius in the relational calculus with real


  We show that there is a query expressible in first-order logic over the reals
that returns, on any given semi-algebraic set A, for every point a radius
around which A is conical. We obtain this result by combining famous results
from calculus and real algebraic geometry, notably Sard's theorem and Thom's
first isotopy lemma, with recent algorithmic results by Rannou.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 529 </DOCNO>
Studies of a weak polyampholyte at the air-buffer interface: The effect


  We have carried out experiments to probe the static and dynamic interfacial
properties of $\beta$--casein monolayers spread at the air-buffer interface,
and analysed these results in the context of models of weak polyampholytes.
Measurements have been made systematically over a wide range of ionic strength
and pH. In the semi-dilute regime of surface concentration a scaling exponent,
which can be linked to the degree of chain swelling, is found. This shows that
at pH close to the isoelectric point, the protein is compact. At pH away from
the isoelectric pH the protein is extended. The transition between compact and
extended states is continuous. As a function of increasing ionic strength, we
observe swelling of the protein at the isoelectric pH but contraction of the
protein at pH values away from it. These behaviours are typical of a those
predicted theoretically for a weak polyampholyte. Dilational moduli
measurements, made as a function of surface concentration exhibit maxima that
are linked to the collapse of hydrophilic regions of the protein into the
subphase. Based on this data we present a configuration map of the protein
configuration in the monolayer. These findings are supported by strain (surface
pressure) relaxation measurements and surface quasi-elastic light scattering
(SQELS) measurements which suggest the existence of loops and tails in the
subphase at higher surface concentrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86480 </DOCNO>
Susy Cosmological Models


  In this work we consider the action for a set of complex scalar
supermultiplets interacting with the scale factor in the supersymmetric
cosmological models. We show that the local conformal supersymmetry leads to a
scalar field potential defined in terms of the K\"ahler potential and
superpotential. Using supersymmetry breaking we are able to obtain a
normalizable wave function for the FRW cosmological model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41590 </DOCNO>
Computer simulation of the tevatron crystal extraction experiment


  The Fermilab crystal-extraction experiment E853 at Tevatron was simulated by
Monte Carlo code CATCH [1] tested earlier in the CERN-SPS experiment [2-4].
Predictions for the extraction efficiency, angular scans and extracted beam
profiles are presented. Several ideas are proposed and tested by the
simulation, how to get in E853 the key information of the extraction
experiment: the "septum width" of a crystal and dependence of extraction
efficiency on it, the impact parameters of protons at crystal, and the
contribution of the first and multi passes to the extraction. The ways to
optimize E853 are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98091 </DOCNO>
Regularity on abelian varieties II: basic results on linear series and


  This paper is mainly concerned with applying the theory of M-regularity
developed in the previous math.AG/0109229 to the study of linear series given
by multiples of ample line bundles on abelian varieties. We define a new
invariant of a line bundle, called M-regularity index, which is seen to govern
the higher order properties and (partly conjecturally) the defining equations
of such embeddings. We prove a general result on the behavior of higher
syzygies in embeddings given by multiples of ample bundles whose base locus has
no fixed components, extending a conjecture of Lazarsfeld known to be true by
work of the first author. This approach also unifies essentially all the
previously known results in this direction and is mainly based on vanishing
theorems rather than representations of theta groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5311 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium critical dynamics of ferromagnetic spin systems


  We use simple models (the Ising model in one and two dimensions, and the
spherical model in arbitrary dimension) to put to the test some recent ideas on
the slow dynamics of nonequilibrium systems. In this review the focus is on the
temporal evolution of two-time quantities and on the violation of the
fluctuation-dissipation theorem, with special emphasis given to nonequilibrium
critical dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98395 </DOCNO>
Induced Representations of Quantum Groups


  In this paper we show how to construct explicitly induced representations for
bicrossproduct Hopf algebras with abelian kernels starting from one-dimensional
characters of the commutative sector. We introduce this technique by means of
two concrete physical examples: two quantum deformations of the (1+1) Galilei
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2035 </DOCNO>
Magnetic frustrations in the face centered cubic antiferromagnet NiS2


  Neutron scattering experiment on NiS2 single crystal revealed a honeycomb
pattern of the intensity distribution in reciprocal lattice space
(continuous-line structure along the fcc zone boundary) providing the first
direct evidence for nearly frustrated antiferromagnetism (AF) on the face
centered cubic (fcc) lattice. A small but finite lattice distortion below 30.9
K lifts the degeneracy of the magnetic ground state due to the frustration and
eventually result in the coexistence of the type I and the type II AF long
range orderings, which are mutually incompatible in the fcc symmetry at higher
temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97203 </DOCNO>
Solving the Gleason problem on linearly convex domains


  Let V be a bounded, connected linearly convex set in C^n with
$C^{1+\epsilon}$-boundary. We show that the maximal ideal (both in A(V) and
$H^{\infty}(V)$) consisting of all functions vanishing at p in V is generated
by the coordinate functions z_1 - p_1, ..., z_n - p_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113735 </DOCNO>
The Day-night Variation of Cosmic Rays Instensity at Sea Level Under the


  The day-night variation of cosmic rays intensity at sea level has been
observed by a simple G-M counter telescope. We preform two 5 hours counting
during the day and night and find that the pattern of variation is closely
related to the atmospheric disturbance, especially when the observation station
is being affected by meterological front or trough. Such effects may lasts for
a few days until the trough or fronts weakened. The pattern of variation may be
negatively correlated to the altitude of the 0 degC level of the atmosphere.
This is closely related to the muon decay effect in the atmosphere. The
phenomenon should be further investigation for possible application in weather
forecasting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125617 </DOCNO>
Formation of massive stars by growing accretion rate


  We perform calculations of pre-main sequence evolution of stars from 1 to $85
M_{\odot}$ with growing accretion rates $\dot{M}$. The values of $\dot{M}$ are
taken equal to a constant fraction $\tilde{f}$ of the rates of the mass
outflows observed by Churchwell (\cite{church}) and Henning
(\cite{henning2000}). The evolution of the various stellar parameters is given,
as well as the evolution of the disc luminosity; electronic tables are provided
as a supplement to the articles. Typically, the duration of the accretion phase
of massive stars is $\simeq 3 \cdot 10^5$yr. and there is less than
10% difference in the time necessary to form a 8 or $80 M_{\odot}$ star. If in
a young cluster all the proto-stellar cores start to accrete at the same time,
we then have a relation $M(t)$ between the masses of the new stars and the time
$t$ of their appearance. Since we also know the distribution of stellar masses
at the end of star formation (IMF), we can derive the star formation history
$N(t)$. Interestingly enough, the current IMF implies two peaks of star
formation: low mass stars form first and high mass star form later.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1277 </DOCNO>
Solitons and vortices in ultracold fermionic gases


  We investigate the possibilities of generation of solitons and vortices in a
degenerate gas of neutral fermionic atoms. In analogy with, already
experimentally demonstrated, technique applied to gaseous Bose-Einstein
condensate we propose the phase engineering of a Fermi gas as a practical route
to excited states with solitons and vortices. We stress that solitons and
vortices appear even in a noninteracting fermionic gas. For solitons, in a
system with sufficiently large number of fermions and appropriate trap
configuration, the Pauli blocking acts as the interaction between particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73222 </DOCNO>
GENIUS and the Genius TF: A New Observatory for WIMP Dark Matter and


  The GENIUS proposal is described and some of it's physics potential is
outlined. Also in the light of the contradictive results from the DAMA and CDMS
experiments the Genius TF, a new experimental setup is proposed. The Genius TF
could probe the DAMA evidence region using the WIMP nucleus recoil signal and
WIMP annual modulation signature simultaneously. Besides that it can prove the
long term feasibility of the detector technique to be implemented into the
GENIUS setup and will in this sense be a first step towards the realization of
the GENIUS experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1212 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Blockade and Coherent Single-Cooper-Pair Tunneling in Single


  We have measured the current-voltage characteristics of small-capacitance
single Josephson junctions at low temperatures (T < 0.04 K), where the strength
of the coupling between the single junction and the electromagnetic environment
was controlled with one-dimensional arrays of dc SQUIDs. We have clearly
observed Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunneling and even a region of
negative differential resistance, when the zero-bias resistance of the SQUID
arrays is much higher than the quantum resistance h/e^2 = 26 kohm. The negative
differential resistance is evidence of coherent single-Cooper-pair tunneling in
the single Josephson junction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123351 </DOCNO>
Impact of Future Submillimeter and Millimeter Large Facilities on the


  We investigate what we can learn about galaxy formation and evolution from
the data which will be obtained by the forthcoming large
submillimeter/millimeter facilities, mainly by the Atacama Submillimeter
Telescope Experiment (ASTE) and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array/Large
Millimeter and Submillimeter Array (ALMA/LMSA). We first calculate the source
counts from 350 um to 3 mm using the empirical infrared galaxy number count
model of Takeuchi et al. (2001). Based on the number counts, we evaluate the
source confusion and determine the confusion limit at various wavebands as a
function of the characteristic beam size. At submillimeter wavelengths, source
confusion with the 10-15-m class facilities becomes severe at 0.1 to 1 mJy
level, and astrometry and flux measurements will be difficult. However, we show
that very a large-area survey of submillimeter sources brighter than 10-50 mJy
can provide a unique constraint on infrared galaxy evolution at z = 1-2. We
also find that the 5\sigma-confusion limit of the LMSA is fainter than 1 \mu
Jy. The source counts at such faint flux levels give important information of
the epoch of galaxy formation. We then show that multiband photometry from the
infrared (by ASTRO-F) to the millimeter can be utilized as a redshift
estimator. In addition, we compare the observed 1.4, 5, and 8-GHz source counts
with our model counts to examine the contribution of star forming galaxies to
the faint radio galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126304 </DOCNO>
HST images of B2 radio galaxies: the link between circum-nuclear dust


  We discuss HST images in V and I of radio galaxies selected from the B2
sample of low luminosity radio galaxies. Absorption maps were constructed which
highlight the presence of circumnuclear dust on scales of typically few kpc or
less.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114271 </DOCNO>
Passage of a Bessel beam through a classically forbidden region


  The motion of an electromagnetic wave, through a classically-forbidden
region, has recently attracted renewed interest because of its implication with
regard to the theoretical and experimental problems of superluminality. From an
experimental point of view, many papers provide an evidence of superluminality
in different physical systems. Theoretically, the problem of a passage through
a forbidden gap has been treated by considering plane waves at oblique
incidence into a plane parallel layer of a medium with a refractive index
smaller than the index of the surrounding medium, and also confined (Gaussian)
beams, still at oblique incidence. In the present paper the case of a Bessel
beam is examined, at normal incidence into the layer (Secs. II and III), in the
scalar approximation (Sec. IV) and by developing also a vectorial treatment
(Sec. V). Conclusions are reported in Sic. VI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2249 </DOCNO>
Soliton model for proton conductivity in Langmuir films


  A soliton model for proton conductivity in Langmuir films is presented. The
model contains three real scalar fields describing the hydrogen involved in the
conduction, the hydrophilic head of the Langmuir film, and the water. Soliton
solutions that describe proton motion along the hydrogen bonds are found. Under
compression of the film, the distance between the minima of the proton
potential and the strength of the hydrogen bonds between the film molecule and
the water are changed. Such changes increase the probability of soliton
creation. The model presented allows proton conductivity data in Langmuir films
to be explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4534 </DOCNO>
Bloch oscillations and mean-field effects of Bose-Einstein condensates


  We have loaded Bose-Einstein condensates into one-dimensional, off-resonant
optical lattices and accelerated them by chirping the frequency difference
between the two lattice beams. For small values of the lattice well-depth,
Bloch oscillations were observed. Reducing the potential depth further,
Landau-Zener tunneling out of the lowest lattice band, leading to a breakdown
of the oscillations, was also studied and used as a probe for the effective
potential resulting from mean-field interactions as predicted by Choi and Niu
[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 82}, 2022 (1999)]. The effective potential was measured
for various condensate densities and trap geometries, yielding good qualitative
agreement with theoretical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 609 </DOCNO>
Form factors of soliton-creating operators in the sine-Gordon model


  We propose explicit expressions for the form factors, including their
normalization constants, of topologically charged (or soliton-creating)
operators in the sine-Gordon model. The normalization constants, which
constitute the main content of our proposal, allow one to find exact relations
between the short- and long-distance asymptotics of the correlation functions.
We make predictions concerning asymptotics of fermion correlation functions in
the massive Thirring model, SU(2)-Thirring model with anisotropy, and in the
half-filled Hubbard chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86685 </DOCNO>
On the Universality of the Entropy-Area Relation


  We present an argument that, for a large class of possible dynamics, a
canonical quantization of gravity will satisfy the Bekenstein-Hawking
entropy-area relation. This result holds for temperatures low compared to the
Planck temperature and for boundaries with areas large compared to Planck area.
We also relate our description, in terms of a grand canonical ensemble, to
previous geometric entropy calculations using area ensembles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5669 </DOCNO>
Localization and conductance in the quantum Coulomb glass


  We consider the combined influence of disorder, electron-electron
interactions and quantum hopping on the properties of electronic systems in a
localized phase, approaching an insulator-metal transition. The generic models
in this regime are the quantum Coulomb glass and its generalization to
electrons with spin. After introducing these models we explain our
computational method, the Hartree-Fock based diagonalization. We then discuss
the conductance and compare spinless fermions and electrons. It turns out that
spin degrees of freedom do not play an essential role in the systems
considered. Finally, we analyze localization and decay of single-particle
excitations. We find that interactions generically tend to localize these
excitations which is a result of the Coulomb gap in the single-particle density
of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128479 </DOCNO>
The Dark Side of the Universe


  Most of the matter in the universe is invisible. I review the status of dark
matter and describe how both the theory of galaxy formation and novel types of
experimental searches are revitalizing attempts to find non-baryonic dark
matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3835 </DOCNO>
Magnetic anomalies in the spin chain system,


  We report the results of ac and dc magnetization (M) and heat-capacity (C)
measurements on the solid solution, Sr$_3$Cu$_{1-x}$Zn$_x$IrO$_6$. While the Zn
end member is known to form in a rhombohedral pseudo one-dimensional
K$_4$CdCl$_6$ structure with an antiferromagnetic ordering temperature of
(T$_N$ =) 19 K, the Cu end member has been reported to form in a monoclinically
distorted form with a Curie temperature of (T$_C$ =) 19 K. The magnetism of the
Zn compound is found to be robust to synthetic conditions and is broadly
consistent with the behavior known in the literature. However, we find a lower
magnetic ordering temperature (T$_o$) for our Cu compound (~ 13 K), thereby
suggesting that T$_o$ is sensitive to synthetic conditions. The Cu sample
appears to be in a spin-glass-like state at low temperatures, judged by a
frequency dependence of ac magnetic susceptibility and a broadening of the C
anomaly at the onset of magnetic ordering, in sharp contrast to earlier
proposals. Small applications of magnetic field, however, drive this system to
ferromagnetism as inferred from the M data. Small substitutions for Cu/Zn (x =
0.75 or 0.25) significantly depress magnetic ordering; in other words, T$_o$
varies non-monotonically with x (T$_o$ ~ 6, 3 and 4 K for x = 0.25, 0.5, and
0.67 respectively). The plot of inverse susceptibility versus temperature is
non-linear in the paramagnetic state as if correlations within (or among) the
magnetic chains continuously vary with temperature. The results establish

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169396 </DOCNO>
Information transfer in quantum measurements: irreversibility and


  The aim of these lectures is to investigate the transfer of information
occurring in course of quantum interactions. In particular, I shall explore
circumstances in which such an information transfer with the quantum
environment of the considered quantum system leads to the destruction of the
phase coherence between the states of the privileged basis in the system
Hilbert space. This basis shall be called the pointer basis. I shall argue that
states of this pointer basis correspond to the ``classical'' states of the
observables of the quantum system in question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124190 </DOCNO>
The Clustering of Hot and Cold IRAS Galaxies: The Redshift Space


  We measure the autocorrelation function of galaxies in the IRAS Point Source
Catalogue galaxy redshift (PSCz) survey and investigate its dependence on the
far-infrared colour and absolute luminosity of the galaxies. We find that the
PSCz survey correlation function can be modelled out to a scale of 10 h^{-1}Mpc
as a power law of slope 1.30 +/- 0.04 and correlation length 4.77 +/- 0.20. At
a scale of 75 h^{-1}Mpc we find the value of J_3 to be 1500 +/- 400.
  We also find that galaxies with cooler dust temperatures, are more strongly
clustered than warmer galaxies. Splitting the survey into three colour
subsamples, we find that, between 1 and 10 h^{-1}Mpc, the ratio of the
correlation function is factor of 1.5 higher for the cooler galaxies compared
to the hotter galaxies. This is consistent with the suggestion that hotter
galaxies have higher star-formation rates, and correspond to later-type
galaxies which are less clustered than earlier types.
  Using volume limited sub-samples, we find a weak variation of the correlation
function as a function of absolute luminosity, in the sense that more luminous
galaxies are less clustered than fainter galaxies. The trend is consistent with
the colour dependence of the correlation function and the observed
colour-luminosity correlation, but the large uncertainties mean that it has a
low statistical significance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73522 </DOCNO>
Multiplicities and Transverse Energies in Central AA Collisions at RHIC


  We compute the particle multiplicities and transverse energies at central and
nearly central AA collisions at RHIC and LHC. The initial state is computed
from perturbative QCD supplemented by the conjecture of saturation of produced
partons. The expansion stage is described in terms of hydrodynamics assuming
longitudinal boost invariance and azimuthal symmetry. Transverse flow effects,
a realistic list of hadrons and resonance decays are included. Comparison with
the data of the multiplicities at $\sqrt s=56$ AGeV and 130 AGeV from RHIC is
done and predictions for the full RHIC energy and LHC energy are made for the
multiplicities and transverse energies. The reduction from the initially
released minijet transverse energy to the $E_T$ in the final state is less than
in the one-dimensional case but still dramatic: a factor of 2.7 at RHIC, and
3.6 at the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127149 </DOCNO>
Low Redshift Lyman Alpha absorbers and their Connection with Galaxies


  We review the ongoing debate about the relationship between low redshift
Lyman Alpha absorbers and luminous galaxies. In particular, we discuss the
difficulty of `assigning' a particular absorber to a particular galaxy, and
consider methods of circumventing this problem. We also provide a status report
on an ongoing project collecting more data to address this issue, and show some
results for a close together pair of QSOs providing two adjacent lines of sight
through the inter-galactic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129382 </DOCNO>
On the Merit of Observations Beyond the Cluster Core


  I discuss recent seminal work on the LARCS dataset: a panoramic study of rich
clusters of galaxies at z~0.12. The importance of observing beyond the cluster
core is illustrated by exploiting these data to examine colour gradients across
the clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73945 </DOCNO>
Effective field theory for the small-x evolution


  The small-x behavior of structure functions in the saturation region is
determined by the non-linear generalization of the BFKL equation. I suggest the
effective field theory for the small-x evolution which solves formally this
equation. The result is the 2+1 functional integral for the structure functions
at small x.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124326 </DOCNO>
Deep VLT search for globular clusters in NGC 5128: color-magnitude


  At the distance of NGC 5128 (3.6 \pm 0.2 Mpc) it is possible to resolve
globular clusters with high resolution imaging from the ground, thus allowing
the globular cluster candidate selection primarily through their morphological
properties. I report the discovery of 71 globular clusters in NGC 5128 on VLT
UT1+FORS1 images, including the faintest members (Mv ~ -5) known to date in
this galaxy as well as 5 previously known clusters. U- and V-band photometry
has been measured for all the candidates and the luminosity function, spanning
-10.1<Mv<-4.9 and -9.3<Mu<-3.3, constructed. These are the deepest globular
cluster luminosity functions in an elliptical galaxy determined so far. The
Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics show that the difference between the globular
cluster luminosity functions of NGC 5128 and the MW is not larger than the
difference between the ones of M31 and the MW. The (U-V)o color histogram shows
a bimodal distribution. For 23 globular clusters I obtained K-band images with
SOFI at the NTT in La Silla. Their positions in the (U-V) vs.(V-K) color-color
diagram indicate that they are indeed old globular clusters. Assuming that the
globular clusters in NGC 5128 span a similar age range as the ones in the Milky
Way and adopting a linear fit between the metallicity and (U-V)o color, the
metal-rich clusters peak at [Fe/H]=-0.6 dex and the metal-poor ones peak at
[Fe/H]=-1.7 dex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86927 </DOCNO>
Introduction to Modern Canonical Quantum General Relativity


  This is an introduction to the by now fifteen years old research field of
canonical quantum general relativity, sometimes called "loop quantum gravity".
The term "modern" in the title refers to the fact that the quantum theory is
based on formulating classical general relativity as a theory of connections
rather than metrics as compared to in original version due to Arnowitt, Deser
and Misner. Canonical quantum general relativity is an attempt to define a
mathematically rigorous, non-perturbative, background independent theory of
Lorentzian quantum gravity in four spacetime dimensions in the continuum. The
approach is minimal in that one simply analyzes the logical consequences of
combining the principles of general relativity with the principles of quantum
mechanics. The requirement to preserve background independence has lead to new,
fascinating mathematical structures which one does not see in perturbative
approaches, e.g. a fundamental discreteness of spacetime seems to be a
prediction of the theory providing a first substantial evidence for a theory in
which the gravitational field acts as a natural UV cut-off. An effort has been
made to provide a self-contained exposition of a restricted amount of material
at the appropriate level of rigour which at the same time is accessible to
graduate students with only basic knowledge of general relativity and quantum
field theory on Minkowski space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179688 </DOCNO>
Description of inclusive scattering of 4.045 GeV electrons from D


  We exploit a relationship between the Structure Functions of nucleons, the
physical deuteron and of a deuteron, composed of point-nucleons to compute
angular distributions of inclusive cross sections of 4.05 GeV electrons. We
report general agreement with data and interpret the remaining discrepancies.
We discuss the potential of the data for information on neutron structure
functions $F_k^n(x,Q^2)$ and the static form factor $G_M^n(Q^2)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124913 </DOCNO>
On a mechanism of highest-energy cosmic ray acceleration


  A recently proposed mechanism of acceleration of highest energy cosmic rays
by polarization electric fields arising in plasmoids injected into neutron star
magnetospheres is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83814 </DOCNO>
Verification of Timed Automata Using Rewrite Rules and Strategies


  ELAN is a powerful language and environment for specifying and prototyping
deduction systems in a language based on rewrite rules controlled by
strategies. Timed automata is a class of continuous real-time models of
reactive systems for which efficient model-checking algorithms have been
devised. In this paper, we show that these algorithms can very easily be
prototyped in the ELAN system. This paper argues through this example that
rewriting based systems relying on rules and strategies are a good framework to
prototype, study and test rather efficiently symbolic model-checking
algorithms, i.e. algorithms which involve combination of graph exploration
rules, deduction rules, constraint solving techniques and decision procedures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85920 </DOCNO>
Do gravitational waves carry energy-momentum and angular momentum?


  In the paper we show that the real gravitational waves which have
$R_{iklm}\not= 0$ always carry energy-momentum and angular momentum. Our proof
uses canonical superenergy and supermomentum tensors for gravitational field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6960 </DOCNO>
Low Energy Singlets in the Excitation Spectrum of the Spin Tetrahedra


  Low energy Raman scattering of the s=1/2 spin tetrahedra system
Cu_2Te_2O_5Br_2 is dominated by an excitation at 18 cm^{-1} corresponding to an
energy E_S=0.6\Delta, with \Delta the spin gap of the compound. For elevated
temperatures this mode shows a soft mode-like decrease in energy pointing to an
instability of the system. The isostructural reference system Cu_2Te_2O_5Cl_2
with a presumably larger inter-tetrahedra coupling does not show such a low
energy mode. Instead its excitation spectrum and thermodynamic properties are
compatible with long range Neel-ordering. We discuss the observed effects in
the context of quantum fluctuations and competing ground states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97296 </DOCNO>
K^F-invariants in irreducible representations of G^F, when G=GL_n


  Using a general result of Lusztig, we give explicit formulas for the
dimensions of K^F-invariants in irreducible representations of G^F, when
G=GL_n, F:G->G is a Frobenius map, and K is an F-stable subgroup of finite
index in G^theta for some involution theta:G->G commuting with F. The proofs
use some combinatorial facts about characters of symmetric groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86688 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Properties of Horizons


  We suggest that all horizons of spacetime, no matter whether they are black
hole, Rindler or de Sitter horizons, have certain microscopic properties in
common. We propose that these propertues may be used as the starting points, or
postulates, of a microscopic theory of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1805 </DOCNO>
Coherent multiple scattering in disordered media


  These notes contain a rapid overview of the methods and results obtained in
the field of propagation of waves in disordered media. The case of
Schr\"odinger and Helmholtz equations are considered that describe respectively
electrons in metals and scalar electromagnetic waves. The assumptions on the
nature of disorder are discussed and perturbation methods in the weak disorder
limit are presented. A central quantity, namely the probability of quantum
diffusion is defined and calculated in the same limit. It is then shown that
several relevant physical quantities are related to the return probability.
Examples are provided to substantiate this, which include the average
electrical conductivity, its fluctuations, the average albedo and spectral
correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124556 </DOCNO>
Understanding the radio emission geometry of PSR B0329+54


  We have analyzed high-quality single pulse data of PSR B0329+54 at 325 MHz
and 606 MHz to study the structure of the emission beam. Using the
window-threshold technique, which is suitable for detecting weak emission
components, we have detected 4 additional emission components in the pulse
window. Three of these are new components and the fourth is a confirmation of a
recently proposed component. Hence PSR B0329+54 is now known to have 9 emission
components - the highest among all known pulsars. The distribution of the pulse
components around the central core component indicates that the emission beam
consists of four nested cones. The asymmetry in the location of the conal
components in the leading versus trailing parts of the profile is interpreted
as being due to aberration and retardation in the pulsar magnetosphere. These
measurements allow us to determine the precise location of the 4 conal rings of
emission. We find that the successive outer cones are emitted at higher
altitudes in the magnetosphere. Further, for any given cone, the emission
height at the lower frequency is found to be more than that at the higher
frequency. The inferred heights range from ~160 km to ~1150 km. The set of
``active'' field lines, from which most of the conal radiation appears to
originate, are found to be confined to a region located within ~0.5 to ~0.6 of
the polar cap radius. We discuss the implications of our new findings on our
understanding of the pulsar emission geometry and its impact on the emission
mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75259 </DOCNO>
Maximal Neutrino Mixing from an Attractive Infrared Fixed Point


  In the Standard Model (and MSSM), renormalization effects on neutrino mixing
are generally very small and the attractive fixed points are at vanishing
neutrino mixing. However for multi-higgs extensions of the Standard Model,
renormalization effects on neutrino mixing can be large and nontrivial fixed
points are possible. Here we examine a simple two-higgs model. For two flavors,
maximal mixing is an attractive infrared fixed point. For three flavors, the
neutrino mass matrix evolves towards large off-diagonal elements at low
energies. The experimentally suggested bimaximal neutrino mixing pattern is one
possible attractive infrared fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41704 </DOCNO>
Simulation of beam steering phenomena in bent crystals


  The simulation methods for the channeling phenomena in GeV/TeV energy range
in ideal or distorted crystal lattices are discussed. Monte Carlo predictions
for feed-out and feed-in rates, dislocation dechanneling, and deflection
efficiencies of bent crystals are compared to the experimental data. The role
of multiple interactions with crystal in circular accelerators ("multipass
channeling") for the efficiency boost in the crystal-aided extraction
experiments is analysed. Possible future applications of the crystal channeling
technique are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1044 </DOCNO>
Model of Formation of Monodispersed Colloids


  Ample experimental evidence has been accumulated demonstrating that the
formation of monodispersed colloids proceeds through a more complex mechanism,
than the generally excepted diffusional "burst nucleation" process. Instead,
the synthesis of narrow-size-distribution colloidal dispersions involves
several stages, i.e., nuclei produced in a supersaturated solution, grow to
nanosize subunits, which then aggregate to form much larger uniform secondary
particles. To explain the size selection in such a series of processes, a
kinetic model was developed which combined two growth/aggregation stages. This
earlier study has shown the burst-nucleation growth of the primary particles to
depend strongly on the value of the effective surface tension entering the
surface term in the free energy of the subcritical embryos. The aim of the
present work has been to identify an appropriate control parameter in the
process of secondary particle aggregation. Modifications of the aggregation
rates to account for singlet size and aggregate diffusivity produced only small
changes. However, introduction of a "bottle-neck" factor in the dimer formation
rate had a profound effect on the final size distribution and suggested a
possible size-control mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74033 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric contributions to muon g-2 and the electroweak precision


  In view of the recent measurement of the muon g-2 and finalization of the LEP
electroweak data, we re-examine all the new particle contributions to those
observables in the MSSM. The SM fits the latest electroweak data excellently
with the observed top-quark mass and the Higgs-boson mass of around 100 GeV,
and so does the MSSM in the decoupling limit. The MSSM gives a slightly better
fit to the data than the SM (\Delta \chi^2_{min} \sim -2) when relatively light
left-handed sleptons of mass \sim 200 GeV and a light chargino of mixed
higgsino-wino character (\mu/M_2 \sim 1) with mass \sim 100 GeV co-exist. The
improvement in the fit diminishes quickly for wino- or higgsino- dominant
charginos, for heavier charginos, and for lighter sleptons. We find that the
MSSM contributions to the muon g-2 is most efficient when the light chargino
has a mixed character. If \tan\beta < 10, the set of a light mixed chargino and
light sleptons that is favored by the electroweak data is also favored by the
g-2 data for \mu >0. Models with light gauginos (\mu/M_2 > 10) or light
higgsinos (\mu/M_2 < 0.1) give significant contributions to muon g-2 only for
large \tan\beta (\simgt 15).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127824 </DOCNO>
Gas Inflow in Barred Galaxies - Effects of Secondary Bars


  We report here results of high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of gas
flows in barred galaxies, with a focus on gas dynamics in the central
kiloparsec. In a single bar with an Inner Lindblad Resonance, we find either
near-circular motion of gas in the nuclear ring, or a spiral shock extending
towards the galaxy center, depending on the sound speed in the gas. From a
simple model of a dynamically-possible doubly barred galaxy with resonant
coupling, we infer that the secondary bar is likely to end well inside its
corotation. Such a bar cannot create shocks in the gas flow, and therefore will
not reveal itself in color maps through straight dust lanes: the gas flows
induced by it are different from those caused by the rapidly rotating main
bars. In particular, we find that secondary stellar bars are unlikely to
increase the mass inflow rate into the galactic nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123619 </DOCNO>
An Accurate, Easy to Use Abundace Scale for Globular Clusters Based on


  We present a new method for the determination of [Fe/H] for globular
clusters. This new method is based on moderate resolution (R~1500) near-IR
spectroscopy in the K-band of 6 to 10 of the brightest giants in a cluster. Our
calibration is derived from spectra of 105 stars in 15 globular clusters. From
measurements of the equivalent widths of three features in these spectra, Na,
Ca, and CO, we are able to reproduce the Zinn & West (1984) abundance scale as
updated by Harris (1996) to better than 0.10 dex for clusters with near solar
[Fe/H] down to an [Fe/H] of -1.8. Three advantages of this method are that it
can be used for metal rich, heavily reddened globulars in crowded fields, it
does not require any knowledge of any other cluster or stellar parameters such
as reddening, distance, or luminosity, and it requires only minimal telescope
time. If stellar (J-K)0 and MK values are available as well, the accuracy of
the [Fe/H] estimate is further improved. Observations of as few as three stars
per cluster still gives an [Fe/H] estimate wich is nearly as reliable as that
based on two to three times as many stars.
  The accuracy of an [Fe/H] value based on observations of CO absorption alone
is significantly less than that which results from the three spectroscopic
indices. However, we predict that space-based observations of this feature in
the integrated light of stellar systems will prove to be of great value for
abundance determinations at distances as far as the Coma cluster of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3499 </DOCNO>
Spinons in a Crossed-Chains Model of a 2D Spin Liquid


  Using Random Phase Approximation, we show that a crossed-chains model of a
spin-1/2 Heisenberg spins, with frustrated interchain couplings, has a
non-dimerized spin-liquid ground state in 2D, with deconfined spinons as the
elementary excitations. The results are confirmed by a bosonization study,
which shows that the system is an example of a `sliding Luttinger liquid'. In
an external field, the system develops an incommensurate field-induced long
range order with a finite transition temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6637 </DOCNO>
Summing Divergent Perturbative Series in a Strong Coupling Limit. The


  An algorithm is proposed for determining asymptotics of the sum of a
perturbative series in the strong coupling limit using given values of the
expansion coefficients. Operation of the algorithm is illustrated by test
examples, method for estimating errors is developed, and an optimization
procedure is described. Application of the algorithm to the $\phi^4$ theory
gives a behavior $\beta(g)\approx 7.4 g^{0.96}$ at large $g$ for its Gell-Mann
-- Low function. The fact that the exponent is close to unity can be
interpreted as a manifestation of the logarithmic branching of the type
$\beta(g)\sim g (\ln g)^{-\gamma}$ (with $\gamma\approx 0.14$), which is
confirmed by independent evidence. In any case, the $\phi^4$ theory is
internally consistent. The procedure of summing perturbartive series with
arbitrary values of expansion parameter is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129495 </DOCNO>
A study of accretion discs around rapidly rotating neutron stars in


  We calculate the accretion disc temperature profiles, disc luminosities and
boundary layer luminosities for rapidly rotating neutron stars considering the
full effect of general relativity. We compare the theoretical values of these
quantities with their values inferred from EXOSAT data for four low mass X-ray
binary sources: XB 1820-30, GX 17+2, GX 9+1 and GX 349+2 and constrain the
values of several properties of these sources. According to our calculations,
the neutron stars in GX 9+1 and GX 349+2 are rapidly rotating and stiffer
equations of state are unfavoured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98965 </DOCNO>
Dynamical upper bounds on wavepacket spreading


  We derive a general upper bound on the spreading rate of wavepackets in the
framework of Schr\"odinger time evolution. Our result consists of showing that
a portion of the wavepacket cannot escape outside a ball whose size grows
dynamically in time, where the rate of this growth is determined by properties
of the spectral measure and by spatial properties of solutions of an associated
time independent Schr\"odinger equation. We also derive a new lower bound on
the spreading rate, which is strongly connected with our upper bound. We apply
these new bounds to the Fibonacci Hamiltonian--the most studied one-dimensional
model of quasicrystals. As a result, we obtain for this model upper and lower
dynamical bounds establishing wavepacket spreading rates which are intermediate
between ballistic transport and localization. The bounds have the same
qualitative behavior in the limit of large coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72932 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Quantization of Gravity Theories


  We discuss string theory relations between gravity and gauge theory tree
amplitudes. Together with $D$-dimensional unitarity, these relations can be
used to perturbatively quantize gravity theories, i.e. they contain the
necessary information for calculating complete gravity $S$-matrices to any loop
orders. This leads to a practical method for computing non-trivial gravity
$S$-matrix elements by relating them to much simpler gauge theory ones. We also
describe arguments that N=8 D=4 supergravity is less divergent in the
ultraviolet than previously thought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127050 </DOCNO>
Weighing nearby stars with GAIA ?


  Microlensing consists in two major effects: (1) variation in the apparent
position of the background sources (astrometric component) and (2) flux
variations of the background sources (photometric component). While the latter
has been extensively used in the search for dark objects in the Galactic disk
and halo (projects like MACHO (Alcock et al, 1997), EROS (Derue et al, 1999),
OGLE (Paczynski et al, 1994)), the first effect has not yet been part of a
systematic observational program, simply because the observations of very
slight displacements in the positions of background sources requires an
astrometric accuracy which current telecopes do not yet provide. We investigate
here whether the astrometric accuracy of GAIA could enable such measurements
and, as a consequence, enable new, direct and original measurements of the mass
of nearby stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98141 </DOCNO>
General elements in anticanonical systems of threefolds with divisorial


  We treat threefolds with divisorial contractions whose exceptional divisors
contract to compound Du Val points. We prove that general elements in their
anticanonical systems around the exceptional divisors have at worst Du Val
singularities. As applications to classification, we describe divisorial
contractions to compound A_n points, and moreover we conclude that
discrepancies of divisorial contractions to compound D_n or E_n points are at
most four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168820 </DOCNO>
A PT Symmetric QES Partner to the Khare Mandal Potential With Real Eigen


  We consider a PT Symmetric Partner to Khare Mandal's recently proposed
non-Hermitian potential with complex eigen values. Our potential is
Quasi-Exactly solvable and is shown to possess only real eigen values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73664 </DOCNO>
Explicit expressions for Euclidean and Minkowskian QCD observables in


  Technical aspects of the Shirkov-Solovtsov's analytic perturbation theory
(APT) are considered. We construct explicitly two sets of specific functions,
${\mathfrak{A}_n(s)}$ and ${{\cal A}_n(Q^2)}$ that determine the nonpower as
ymptotic expansions for Minkowskian and Euclidean QCD observables in APT. The
results, up to third order, are written in terms of the Lambert W-functions. As
an input we used the exact two loop and the three loop (corresponding to Pad\'e
transformed be ta-function) RG solutions for common invariant coupling
$\alpha_s$. In addition, the exact three-loop coupling is expanded in powers of
the exact two-loop solution. The excellent accuracy is achieved with few terms
of this series. We derive order by order elegant systems of equations for both
sets of the functions. Then we construct the global versions of the APT
functions with quark thresholds in the $\bar{MS}$ scheme and give numerical
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4780 </DOCNO>
Controlling activated processes


  The rates of activated processes, such as escape from a metastable state and
nucleation, are exponentially sensitive to an externally applied field. We
describe how this applies to modulation by high-frequency fields and illustrate
it with experimental observations. The results may lead to selective control of
diffusion in periodic potentials, novel control mechanisms for crystal growth,
and new separation techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72530 </DOCNO>
Isospin Symmetry Breaking in \rho\to\pi\gamma Decay


  In terms of effective field theory and mixed propagator approach, we show
that there is a larger hidden effect of isospin breaking in
$\rho^0\to\pi^0\gamma$ decay due to an $\omega$ exchange,
$\rho^0\to\omega\to\pi^0\gamma$. The branching ratio is predicted as
$B(\rho^0\to\pi^0\gamma)=(11.67\pm 2.0)\times 10^{-4}$, which is much larger
than Partcile Data Group's datum $(6.8\pm 1.7)\times 10^{-4}$ and one of
charged mode, $B(\rho^\pm\to\pi^\pm\gamma)=(4.5\pm 0.5)\times 10^{-4}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3882 </DOCNO>
High Pressure Studies of Tc and Lattice Parameters of MgB2


  We performed ac-susceptibility measurements of magnesium diboride powder
samples under pure hydrostatic pressures up to 0.4 GPa and under
quasi-hydrostatic pressure conditions up to 8 GPa in a helium gas pressure cell
and a diamond-anvil cell (DAC), respectively. Furthermore, the DAC has been
used to investigate the lattice compression by X-ray diffraction. Under helium
gas pressure the superconducting transition temperature shows a linear decrease
dTc/dp = -1.13 K/GPa. The pressure effect is fully reversible with a return to
the initial Tc of 37.5 K after pressure release. In the diamond-anvil cell the
application of pressure leads to a stronger Tc-decrease than in the helium gas
pressure cell, and after the release of pressure a degradation effect with
lower Tc and a broader transition compared to the first measurement at ambient
pressure occurs. Such degradation may be explained by shear stresses and
uniaxial pressure components, which cannot be avoided in a DAC at low
temperatures. Considering the anisotropic AlB2-type structure with alternating
honeycomb boron and magnesium layers, MgB2 seems to be very sensitive to such
non-hydrostatic pressure components, which would explain the spread of dTc/dp
values reported in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2191 </DOCNO>
On Phase Transition of $NH_{4}H_{2}PO_{4}$-Type Crystals by Cluster


  The Cluster Variation Method (CVM) is applied to the Ishibashi model for
ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ($\rm NH_{4}H_{2}PO_{4}$) of a typical hydrogen
bonded anti-ferroelectric crystal. The staggered and the uniform susceptibility
without hysteresis are calculated at equilibrium. On the other hand, by making
use of the natural iteration method (NIM) for the CVM, hysteresis phenomena of
uniform susceptibility versus temperature observed in experiments is well
explained on the basis of local minimum in Landau type variational free energy.
The polarization $P$ curves against the uniform field is also calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98522 </DOCNO>
One-sided ideals and approximate identities in operator algebras


  A left ideal of any $C^*$-algebra is an example of an operator algebra with a
right contractive approximate identity (r.c.a.i.). Indeed left ideals in
$C^*$-algebras may be characterized as the class of such operator algebras,
which happen also to be triple systems.
  Conversely, we show here and in a sequel to this paper, that operator
algebras with r.c.a.i. should be studied in terms of a certain left ideal of a
$C^*$-algebra. We study left ideals from the perspective of `Hamana theory' and
using the multiplier algebras introduced by the author. More generally, we
develop some general theory for operator algebras which have a 1-sided identity
or approximate identity, including a Banach-Stone theorem for these algebras,
and an analysis of the `multiplier operator algebra'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3793 </DOCNO>
Josephson Current in a Quantum Dot in the Kondo Regime Connected to Two


  We apply a Gutzwiller-like variational technique to study Josephson
conduction across a quantum dot with an odd number of electrons connected to
two superconducting leads. We show that, for small values of the
superconducting gap, Kondo correlations and superconductivity cooperate to
enhance the Josephson current. As the superconducting gap increases, the
current changes sign and the system becomes a $\pi$-junction. The
$\pi$-junction behavior sets in much before antiferromagnetic correlations at
the dot can be treated perturbatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73656 </DOCNO>
B^0-\bar{B}^0 mixing from lattice QCD


  We report on lattice calculations of the $B$ meson decay constant and the
B-parameters using the NRQCD action for heavy quark. We performed a set of
calculations at three lattice spacings in the quenched approximation in order
to investigate the systematic uncertainty associated with the lattice
discretization. Our results indicate that the systematic error is under good
control for f_B and B_B. We also present preliminary results from our
unquenched simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87160 </DOCNO>
Scalar Non-Luminous Matter in Galaxies


  As a candidate for dark matter in galaxies, we study an SU(3) triplet of
complex scalar fields which are non-minimally coupled to gravity. In the
spherically symmetric static spacetime where the flat rotational velocity
curves of stars in galaxies can be explained, we find simple solutions of
scalar fields with SU(3) global symmetry broken to U(1) X U(1), in an
exponential scalar potential, which will be useful in a quintessence model of
the late-time acceleration of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123816 </DOCNO>
Extreme Starbursts and Molecular Clouds in Galaxies


  The extraordinary starbursts found in ultraluminous IR galaxies occur in
molecular gas concentrated in compact very massive "clouds" which we call
"Extreme Starbursts". They have one thousand times the mass but are only a few
times larger than GMCs. High-mass star formation in sufficiently dense and
massive structures does not disrupt further star formation; it is a runaway
process. Star formation remains embedded in the molecular gas and there is
little or virtually no optical-UV radiation. In the early universe extreme
starbursts may be more frequent and they may be the mode of star formation in
high redshift submillimeter sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74075 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical Constraints on Modifying Gravity at Large Distances


  Recently, several interesting proposals were made modifying the law of
gravity on large scales, within a sensible relativistic formulation. This
allows a precise formulation of the idea that such a modification might account
for galaxy rotation curves, instead of the usual interpretation of these curves
as evidence for dark matter. We here summarize several observational
constraints which any such modification must satisfy, and which we believe make
more challenging any interpretation of galaxy rotation curves in terms of new
gravitational physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74539 </DOCNO>
Constraints on SUSY Gluonic Dipole Interaction from B\to K\pi Decays


  In low energy SUSY theories exchange of gluino and squark with left-right
mixing can produce a large gluonic dipole interaction. In this paper we study
the effects of this interaction on $B\to K \pi$ using QCD improved
factorization method. The Standard Model predicts a smaller branching ratio for
$B^0 \to \bar K^0 \pi^0$ than experimental measured one. We find that within
the parameter space allowed from $B\to \gamma X_s$ constraint, the SUSY dipole
interaction can enhance this branching ratio to agree with the experimental
measurement. Combining recent data for all the four $\bar B^0 \to K^- \pi^+,
\bar K^0 \pi^0$ and $B^- \to K^- \pi^0, \bar K^0 \pi^-$ decay modes, we find
that the allowed parameter space is reduced significantly compared with that
using $B\to X_s \gamma$ data alone. It is found that even with these
constraints, the predictions for CP violation in these modes can be
dramatically different from those of the SM predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86421 </DOCNO>
The Newtonian limit of fourth-order gravity


  The weak-field slow-motion limit of fourth-order gravity will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76721 </DOCNO>
Photon Propagation in a Magnetized Medium


  Using the real time formalism of the finite temperature field theory we
calculate the 1-loop polarization tensor in the presence of a background
magnetic field in a medium. The expression is obtained to linear order in the
background field strength. We discuss the Faraday rotation as well as the
photon absorption probabilities in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5529 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase transitions of correlated electrons in two dimensions


  We review the theories of a few quantum phase transitions in two-dimensional
correlated electron systems and discuss their application to the cuprate high
temperature superconductors. The coupled-ladder antiferromagnet displays a
transition between the Neel state and a spin gap paramagnet with a sharp S=1
exciton: we develop a careful argument which eventually establishes that this
transition is described by the familiar O(3) \phi^4 field theory in 2+1
dimensions. Crucial to this argument is the role played by the quantum Berry
phases. We illustrate this role in a one-dimensional example where our results
can tested against those known from bosonization. On bipartite lattices in two
dimensions, we study the influence of Berry phases on the quantum transition
involving the loss of Neel order, and show that they induce bond-centered
charge order (e.g. spin Peierls order) in the paramagnetic phase. We extend
this theory of magnetic transitions in insulators to that between an ordinary
d-wave superconductor and one with co-existing spin-density-wave order.
Finally, we discuss quantum transitions between superconductors involving
changes in the Cooper pair wavefunction, as in a transition between d_{x^2-y^2}
and d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy} superconductors. A mean-field theory for this
transition is provided by the usual BCS theory; however, BCS theory fails near
the critical point, and we present the required field-theoretic extension. Our
discussion includes a perspective on the phase diagram of the cuprate
superconductors, in the context of recent experiments and the transitions
discussed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2427 </DOCNO>
Experimental determination of superconducting parameters for the


  We have measured upper-critical-field $H_{\text c2}$, specific heat C, and
tunneling spectra of the intermetallic perovskite superconductor MgCNi${}_3$
with a superconducting transition temperature $T_{\text c}\approx 7.6$ K. Based
on these measurements and relevant theoretical relations, we have evaluated
various superconducting parameters for this material, including the
thermodynamic critical field $H_{\text c}$(0), coherence length $\xi$(0),
penetration depth $\lambda$(0), lower-critical-field $H_{\text c1}$(0), and
Ginsberg-Landau parameter $\kappa$(0). From the specific heat, we obtain the
Debye temperature $\it \Theta_{\text D} \approx$ 280 K. We find a jump of
$\Delta C/\gamma T_{\text c}$=2.3 at $T_{\text c}$ (where $\it \gamma$ is the
normal state electronic specific coefficient), which is much larger than the
weak coupling BCS value of 1.43. Our tunneling measurements revealed a gap
feature in the tunneling spectra at $\it \Delta$ with $2\it {\Delta}/{\text
k}_{\text B}T_{\text c}\approx$ 4.6, again larger than the weak-coupling value
of 3.53. Both findings indicate that MgCNi$_3$ is a strong-coupling
superconductor. In addition, we observed a pronounced zero-bias conductance
peak (ZBCP) in the tunneling spectra.
  We discuss the possible physical origins of the observed ZBCP, especially in
the context of the pairing symmetry of the material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169393 </DOCNO>
Uniform Finite Generation of Compact Lie Groups and universal quantum


  Consider a compact connected Lie group $G$ and the corresponding Lie algebra
$\cal L$. Let $\{X_1,...,X_m\}$ be a set of generators for the Lie algebra
$\cal L$. We prove that $G$ is uniformly finitely generated by
$\{X_1,...,X_m\}$. This means that every element $K \in G$ can be expressed as
$K=e^{Xt_1}e^{Xt_2} \cdot \cdot \cdot e^{Xt_l}$, where the indeterminates $X$
are in the set $\{X_1,...,X_m \}$, $t_i \in \RR$, $i=1,...,l$, and the number
$l$ is uniformly bounded. This extends a previous result by F. Lowenthal in
that we do not require the connected one dimensional Lie subgroups
corresponding to the $X_i$, $i=1,...,m$, to be compact.
  We discuss the consequence of this result to the question of universality of
quantum gates in quantum computing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74893 </DOCNO>
Calculation of $\bar{\alpha}_{\rm Q.E.D.}$ on the Z


  We perform a new, detailed calculation of the hadronic contributions to the
running electromagnetic coupling, $\bar{\alpha}$, defined on the Z particle (91
GeV). We find for the hadronic contribution, including radiative corrections,
$$10^5\times \deltav_{\rm had.}\alpha(M_Z^2)= 2740\pm12,$$ or, excluding the
top quark contribution, $$10^5\times \deltav_{\rm had.}\alpha^{(5)}(M_Z^2)=
2747\pm12.$$
  Adding the pure QED corrections we get a value for the running
electromagnetic coupling of $$\bar{\alpha}_{\rm Q.E.D.}(M_Z^2)=
{{1}\over{128.965\pm0.017}}.$$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128598 </DOCNO>
Measuring the galaxy power spectrum with multiresolution decomposition


  In this paper, we develop a theory of redshift distortion of the galaxy power
spectrum in the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) representation. Because the
DWT power spectrum is dependent of both the scale and shape (configuration) of
the decomposition modes, it is sensitive to distortion of shape of the field.
On the other hand, the redshift distortion causes a shape distortion of
distributions in real space with respect to redshift space. Therefore, the
shape-dependent DWT power spectrum is useful to detect the effect of redshift
distortion. We first established the mapping between the DWT power spectra in
redshift and real space. The mapping depends on the redshift distortion effects
of (1) bulk velocity, (2) selection function and (3) pairwise peculiar
velocity. We then proposed $\beta$-estimators using the DWT off-diagonal power
spectra. These $\beta$-estimators are model-free even when the non-linear
redshift distortion effect is not negligible. Moreover, these estimators do not
rely on the assumption of whether the pairwise velocity dispersion being
scale-dependent. The tests with N-body simulation samples show that the
proposed $\beta$-estimators can yield reliable measurements of $\beta$ with
about 20% uncertainty for all popular dark matter models. We also develop an
algorithm for reconstruction of the power spectrum in real space from the
redshift distorted power spectrum. The numerical test also shows that the real
power spectrum can be well recovered from the redshift distorted power
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98854 </DOCNO>
Vanishing Cycles and the Inverse Problem of Potential Theory


  In this paper we prove the infinitesimal uniqueness theorem for the Newton
potential of non simply connected bodies using the singularity theory approach.
 We consider the Newtonian potentials of the domains in ${\bf R}^n$ boundaries
of which are the vanishing cycles on the level hypersurface of a holomorphic
function with isolated singularity at 0. These domains don't have to be convex,
connected or simply connected, we also don't have any dimensional restrictions.
  We consider multiparametric families of such domains in the miniversal
deformation of the original function. We show that in the parameter space any
point has a neighborhood s.t. potentials of the domains corresponding to
parameters from this neighborhood are all different as functions of the
external parameter y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149561 </DOCNO>
The shortest cut in brane cosmology


  We consider brane cosmology studying the shortest null path on the brane for
photons, and in the bulk for gravitons. We derive the differential equation for
the shortest path in the bulk for a 1+4 cosmological metric. The time cost and
the redshifts for photons and gravitons after traveling their respective path
are compared. We consider some numerical solutions of the shortest path
equation, and show that there is no shortest path in the bulk for the
Randall-Sundrum vacuum brane solution, the linear cosmological solution of
Bin\'etruy, et al for $\omega = -1, -{2/3}$, and for some expanding brane
universes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74670 </DOCNO>
Particle spectrum in the modified NMSSM in the strong Yukawa coupling


  A theoretical analysis of solutions of renormalisation group equations in the
MSSM corresponding to the quasi-fixed point conditions shows that the mass of
the lightest Higgs boson in this case does not exceed $94\pm 5\text{GeV}$. It
means that a substantial part of the parameter space of the MSSM is practically
excluded by existing experimental data from LEP II. In the NMSSM the upper
bound on the lightest Higgs boson mass reaches its maximum in the strong Yukawa
coupling regime, when Yukawa constants are considerably larger the gauge ones
on the Grand Unification scale. In this paper a particle spectrum in a simple
modification of NMSSM which leads to a self-consistent solution in the
considered region of the parameter space is studied. This model allows one to
get $m_h\sim 125\text{GeV}$ even for comparatively low values of $\tan\beta\ge
1.9$. For an analysis of the Higgs boson spectrum and neutralino spectrum a
method for diagonalisation of mass matrices proposed formerly is used. The mass
of the lightest Higgs boson in this model does not exceed $130.5\pm
3.5\text{GeV}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125931 </DOCNO>
Confusion limit due to galaxies: using SIRTF's Infrared Array Camera


  Recent ISO-data has allowed for the first time observationally based
estimates for source confusion in mid-infrared surveys. We use the
extragalactic source counts from ISOCAM in conjunction with K-band counts to
predict the confusion due to galaxies in deep mid-IR observations. We
specifically concentrate on the near-future Space Infrared Telescope Facility
(SIRTF) mission, and calculate expected confusion for the Infrared Array Camera
(IRAC) onboard SIRTF. A defining scientific goal of the IRAC instrument will be
the study of high redshift galaxies using a deep, confusion limited wide field
survey at 3-10 microns. A deep survey can reach 3 $\mu$Jy sources with
reasonable confidence in the shorter wavelength IRAC bands. Truly confusion
limited images at 8 microns will be difficult to obtain due to practical time
constraints, unless infrared galaxies exhibit very strong evolution beyond the
deepest current observations. We find L^star galaxies to be detectable to
z=3-3.5 at 8 microns, which is slightly more pessimistic than found by Simpson
& Eisenhardt (1999).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149938 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Zero Modes and Criticality in Continuous Light Cone


  Critical behaviour of the 2D scalar field theory in the LC framework is
reviewed. The notion of dynamical zero modes is introduced and shown to lead to
a non trivial covariant dispersion relation only for Continuous LC Quantization
(CLCQ). The critical exponent $\eta$ is found to be governed by the behaviour
of the infinite volume limit under conformal transformations properties
preserving the local LC structure. The $\beta$-function is calculated exactly
and found non-analytic, with a critical exponent $\omega=2$, in agreement with
the conformal field theory analysis of Calabrese et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126198 </DOCNO>
Shocking Clouds in the Cygnus Loop


  With Hubble Space Telescope Wide-Field Planetary Camera 2 observations of the
Cygnus Loop supernova remnant, we examine the interaction of an interstellar
cloud with the blast wave on physical scales of 10^15 cm. The shock front is
distorted, revealing both edge-on and face-on views of filaments and diffuse
emission, similar to those observed on larger scales at lower resolution. We
identify individual shocks in the cloud of density n~15 cm^-3 having velocity
v_s~170 km/s. We also find the morphologically unusual diffuse Balmer-dominated
emission of faster shocks in a lower-density region. The obstacle diffracts
these shocks, so they propagate at oblique angles with respect to the primary
blast wave. The intricate network of diffuse and filamentary H alpha emission
arises during the early stage of interaction between the cloud and blast wave,
demonstrating that complex shock propagation and emission morphology occur
before the onset of instabilities that destroy clouds completely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126688 </DOCNO>
Production of Lithium, Beryllium, and Boron by Hypernovae


  We investigate a possible nucleosynthetic signature of highly energetic
explosions of C-O cores ("hypernovae," HNe) which might be associated with
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We note that the direct impact of C- and O-enriched
hypernova ejecta on the ambient hydrogen and helium leads to spallation
reactions which can produce large amounts of the light nuclides lithium,
beryllium, and boron (LiBeB). Using analytic velocity spectra of the hypernova
ejecta, we calculate the LiBeB yields of different exploding C-O cores
associated with observed hypernovae. The deduced yields are $\sim 10^3$ times
higher than those produced by similar (direct) means in normal Type II
supernovae, and are higher than the commonly used ones arising from shock wave
acceleration induced by Type II supernova (SN) explosions. To avoid
overproduction of these elements in our Galaxy, hypernovae should be rare
events, with $\la 10^{-3}$ hypernovae per supernova, assuming a constant HN/SN
ratio over time. This rate is in good agreement with that of long duration GRBs
if we assume that the gamma-ray emission is focussed with a beaming factor
$\Omega/4\pi \la 10^{-2}$. This encouraging result supports the possible HN-GRB
association. Thus, Galactic LiBeB abundance measurements offer a promising way
to probe the HN rate history and the possible HN-GRB correlation. On the other
hand, if hypernovae are associated to very massive pregalactic stars
(Population III) they would produce a LiBeB pre-enrichment in proto-galactic
gas, which could show up as a plateau in the lowest metallicities of the Be-Fe
relation in halo stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7023 </DOCNO>
Towards a variational principle for motivated vehicle motion


  We deal with the problem of deriving the microscopic equations governing the
individual car motion based on the assumptions about the strategy of driver
behavior. We suppose the driver behavior to be a result of a certain compromise
between the will to move at a speed that is comfortable for him under the
surrounding external conditions, comprising the physical state of the road, the
weather conditions, etc., and the necessity to keep a safe headway distance
between the cars in front of him. Such a strategy implies that a driver can
compare the possible ways of his further motion and so choose the best one. To
describe the driver preferences we introduce the priority functional whose
extremals specify the driver choice. For simplicity we consider a single-lane
road. In this case solving the corresponding equations for the extremals we
find the relationship between the current acceleration, velocity and position
of the car. As a special case we get a certain generalization of the optimal
velocity model similar to the "intelligent driver model" proposed by Treiber
and Helbing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149274 </DOCNO>
Supergravities from fields to branes


  The quest for unification of particles and fields and for reconciliation of
Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity has led us to gauge theories, string
theories, supersymmetry and higher-extended objects: membranes... Our spacetime
is quantum mechanical but it admits semiclassical descriptions of various
``complementary'' kinds that could be valid approximations in various
circumstances. One of them might be supergravity in 11 dimensions the largest
known interacting theory of a finite number of fields with gauged Poincar\' e
supersymmetry. Its solitons and their dual membranes would be states in its
quantum version called M-theory. We shall review the construction of its
classical action by deformation of a globally supersymmetric free theory and
its on-shell superspace formulation. Then we shall focus on the bosonic matter
equations of the dimensional reductions on tori of dimensions 1 to 8 to exhibit
their common self-duality nature. In the concluding section we shall discuss
possible remnants at the quantum level and beyond the massless sector of
generalised discrete U-dualities. We shall also comment on the variable
dimension of spacetime descriptions and on the possibility of extending the
self dual description to spacetime itself and its metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87034 </DOCNO>
Higher Derivative Gravity and Torsion from the Geometry of C-spaces


  The geometry of curved Clifford space (C-space) is investigated. It is shown
that the curvature in C-space contains higher orders of the curvature in the
underlying ordinary space. A C-space is parametrized not only by 1-vector
coordinates $x^\mu$ but also by the 2-vector coordinates $\sigma^{\mu \nu}$,
3-vector coordinates $\sigma^{\mu \nu \alpha}$, etc., called also {\it
holographic coordinates}, since they describe the holographic projections of
1-lines, 2-loops, 3-loops, etc., onto the coordinate planes. It is shown that
when a scalar quantity or the components of a vector depend on the coordinates
$\sigma^{\mu \nu}$, then this indicates the presence of torsion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5604 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport Mechanisms in Strongly Underdoped YBa_2Cu_3O_x Single


  We report magnetoresistivity measurements on strongly underdoped YBa_2Cu_3O_x
(x=6.25, 6.36) single crystals in applied magnetic fields H || c-axis. We
identify two different contributions to both in-plane and out-of-plane
magnetoresistivities. The first contribution has the same sign as the
temperature coefficient of the resistivity \partial ln(\rho_i)/\partial T
(i={c,ab}). This contribution reflects the incoherent nature of the
out-of-plane transport. The second contribution is positive, quadratic in
field, with an onset temperature that correlates to the antiferromagnetic
ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83979 </DOCNO>
Interfacing the ControlLogix PLC over Ethernet/IP


  The Allen-Bradley ControlLogix line of pro-grammable logic controllers (PLCs)
offers several in-terfaces: Ethernet, ControlNet, DeviceNet, RS-232 and others.
The ControlLogix Ethernet interface module 1756-ENET uses EtherNet/IP, the
ControlNet protocol, encapsulated in Ethernet packages, with specific service
codes. A driver for the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System
(EPICS) has been developed that utilizes this EtherNet/IP protocol for
controllers running the vxWorks RTOS as well as a Win32 and Unix/Linux test
program. Features, per-formance and limitations of this interface are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123924 </DOCNO>
The jet model for Sgr A*: radio and X-ray spectrum


  The preliminary detection of the Galactic Center black hole Sgr A* in X-rays
by the Chandra mission, as well as recent mm-VLBI measurements, impose strict
constraints on this source. Using a relativistic jet model for Sgr A*, we
calculate the synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton emission. The predicted
spectrum provides an excellent fit to the radio spectrum and the the X-ray
observations. Limits on the infrared flux and the low X-ray flux require a
high-energy cut-off in the electron spectrum at gamma_e ~< 100. The implied
lack of a significant power-law tail of high-energy electrons also suppresses
the appearance of the extended, optically thin radio emission usually seen in
astrophysical jets. The jet therefore appears rather compact and naturally
satisfies current VLBI limits. The initial parameters of the model are tightly
constrained by the radio spectrum and the "submm-bump" in particular. While the
jet most likely is coupled to some kind of accretion flow, we suggest that the
most visible signatures can be produced by this outflow. If SSC emission from
the jet contributes to the Sgr A* spectrum, significant variability in X-rays
would be expected. The model could be generic for other low-luminosity AGN or
even X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5618 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic and Tunneling Density of States of the Integer Quantum


  We examine the long wave length limit of the self-consistent Hartree-Fock
approximation irreducible static density-density response function by
evaluating the charge induced by an external charge. Our results are consistent
with the compressibility sum rule and inconsistent with earlier work that did
not account for consistency between the exchange-local-field and the disorder
potential. We conclude that the thermodynamic density of states is finite, in
spite of the vanishing tunneling density of states at the critical energy of
the integer quantum Hall transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97748 </DOCNO>
Non-Fine Moduli Spaces of Sheaves on K3 Surfaces


  In general, if M is a moduli space of stable sheaves on X, there is a unique
alpha in the Brauer group of M such that a pi_M^* alpha^{-1}-twisted universal
sheaf exists on X times M. In this paper we study the situation when X and M
are K3 surfaces, and we identify alpha in terms of Mukai's map between the
cohomology of X and of M (defined by means of a quasi-universal sheaf). We
prove that the derived category of sheaves on X and the derived category of
alpha-twisted sheaves on M are equivalent.
  This suggests a conjecture which describes, in terms of Hodge isometries of
lattices, when derived categories of twisted sheaves on two K3 surfaces are
equivalent. If proven true, this conjecture would generalize a theorem of Orlov
and a recent result of Donagi-Pantev.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125034 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Fields in the 3C 129 Cluster


  We present multi-frequency VLA observations of the two radio galaxies 3C 129
and 3C 129.1 embedded in a luminous X-ray cluster. These radio observations
reveal a substantial difference in the Faraday Rotation Measures (RMs) toward
3C 129.1 at the cluster center and 3C 129 at the cluster periphery. After
deriving the density profile from available X-ray data, we find that the RM
structure of both radio galaxies can be fit by a tangled cluster magnetic field
with strength 6 microGauss extending at least 3 core radii (450 kpc) from the
cluster center. The magnetic field makes up a small contribution to the total
pressure (5%) in the central regions of the cluster. The radio morphology of 3C
129.1 appears disturbed on the southern side, perhaps by the higher pressure
environment. In contrast with earlier claims for the presence of a moderately
strong cooling flow in the 3C 129 cluster, our analysis of the X-ray data
places a limit on the mass deposition rate from any such flow of <1.2 Msun/yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169395 </DOCNO>
On local indistinguishability of orthogonal pure states by using a bound


  We show that the four states a|00>+b|11>, b^*|00>-a^*|11>, c|01>+d|10> and
d^*|01>-c^*|10> cannot be discriminated with certainty if only local operations
and classical communication (LOCC) are allowed and if only a single copy is
provided, except in the case when they are simply |00>, |11>, |01> and |10> (in
which case they are trivially distinguishable with LOCC). We go on to show that
there exists a continuous range of values of a, b, c and d such that even three
states among the above four are not locally distinguishable, if only a single
copy is provided. The proof follows from the fact that logarithmic negativity
is an upper bound of distillable entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84001 </DOCNO>
Application Software Structure Enables Nif Operations Kirby W. Fong


  The NIF Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS) application software uses a
set of service frameworks that assures uniform behavior spanning the front-end
processors (FEPs) and supervisor programs. This uniformity is visible both in
the way each program employs shared services and in the flexibility it affords
for attaching graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Uniformity of structure across
applications is desired for the benefit of programmers who will be maintaining
the many programs that constitute the ICCS. In this paper, the framework
components that have the greatest impact on the application structure are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 686 </DOCNO>
Automated assignment of SCOP and CATH protein structure classification


  We present an automated procedure to assign CATH and SCOP classifications to
proteins whose FSSP score is available. CATH classification is assigned down to
the topology level and SCOP classification to the fold level. As the FSSP
database is updated weekly, this method makes it possible to update also CATH
and SCOP with the same frequency. Our predictions have a nearly perfect success
rate when ambiguous cases are discarded. These ambiguous cases are intrinsic in
any protein structure classification, which relies on structural information
alone. Hence, we introduce the notion of ``twilight zone for structure
classification''. We further suggest that in order to resolve these ambiguous
cases other criteria of classification, based also on information about
sequence and function, must be used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95605 </DOCNO>
Multiple orthogonal polynomials associated with Macdonald functions


  We consider multiple orthogonal polynomials corresponding to two Macdonald
functions (modified Bessel functions of the second kind), with emphasis on the
polynomials on the diagonal of the Hermite-Pad\'e table. We give some
properties of these polynomials: differential properties, a Rodrigues type
formula and explicit formulas for the third order linear recurrence relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41212 </DOCNO>
Measurement of charm production in deep inelastic scattering with the


  We present measurements of charm production in DIS using the ZEUS detector.
Data with an integrated luminosity of 83 pb$^{-1}$ have been analysed. For the
channel $D^{*+} \to D^{0}\pi_{s}^{+} \to K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi_{s}^{+} (+ c.c.)$ a
cross section has been extracted, differential in the kinematical variables
$Q^{2}$ and Bjorken $x$. In addition the decay $\overline{c}q \to
e^-\overline{\nu}_e X$ has been studied in a data sample of an integrated
luminosity of 34 pb$^{-1}$. This results in a cross section, differential in
$Q^2$,$x$ and $W$ of the event and in $p_{T}$ and $\eta$ of the decay electron.
The structure function f2-charm has also been determined for this channel. All
measured cross sections show good agreement with NLO pQCD predictions from
HVQDIS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97195 </DOCNO>
Narrow operators on vector-valued sup-normed spaces


  We characterise narrow and strong Daugavet operators on $C(K,E)$-spaces;
these are in a way the largest sensible classes of operators for which the norm
equation $\|Id+T\| = 1+\|T\|$ is valid. For certain separable range spaces $E$
including all finite-dimensional ones and locally uniformly convex ones we show
that an unconditionally pointwise convergent sum of narrow operators on
$C(K,E)$ is narrow, which implies for instance the known result that these
spaces do not have unconditional FDDs. In a different vein, we construct two
narrow operators on $C([0,1],\ell_1)$ whose sum is not narrow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148083 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Electric and Magnetic Variables in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory


  We introduce a novel decomposition of the four dimensional SU(2) gauge field.
This decomposition realizes explicitely a symmetry between electric and
magnetic variables, suggesting a duality picture between the corresponding
phases. It also indicates that at large distances the Yang-Mills theory
involves a three component unit vector field, a massive Lorentz vector field,
and a neutral scalar field that condenses which yields the mass scale. Our
results are consistent with the proposal that the physical spectrum of the
theory contains confining strings which are tied into stable knotted solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5968 </DOCNO>
Absence of Spontaneous Spin and Valley Polarization at the


  We have analyzed our data on the spin susceptibility \chi^* for Si-inversion
layers in a wide density range n = (0.98 - 40)x10^{11}/cm^2, in terms of a
potential critical behavior \chi^* \propto (n/n_\chi -1)^{-\alpha}. The density
range includes the critical density n_c of the apparent metal-insulator
transition. Because of the unknown range of densities to be included in the
critical analysis, the fitting parameters n_\chi and \alpha are determined with
large uncertainties. Nevertheless, the upper limit for the `Stoner density'
n_\chi is found to be less than n_c. As a direct probe of the spin
polarization, we measured Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in weak magnetic
fields; their period shows that the electron states remain fourfold degenerate
down to n=0.96n_c. These data rule out spontaneous spin and valley polarization
for n > 8.34x10^{10}/cm^2, though do not exclude such possibility for lower
densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95659 </DOCNO>
Degenerations of Prym varieties


  Let $(C,\iota)$ be a stable curve with an involution. Following a classical
construction one can define its Prym variety $P$, which in this case turns out
to be a semiabelian group variety and usually not complete. In this paper we
study the question whether there are ``good'' compactifications of $P$ in
analogy to compactified Jacobians. The answer to this question depends on
whether we consider degenerations of principally polarized Prym varieties or
degenerations with the induced (non-principal) polarization. We describe
degeneration data of such degenerations. The main application of our theory
lies in the case of degenerations of principally polarized Prym varieties where
we ask whether such a degeneration depends on a given one-parameter family
containing $(C,\iota)$ or not. This allows us to determine the indeterminacy
locus of the Prym map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96345 </DOCNO>
Quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation over a nonabelian base


  In this paper we consider dynamical r-matrices over a nonabelian base. There
are two main results. First, corresponding to a fat reductive decomposition of
a Lie algebra $\frakg =\frakh \oplus \frakm$, we construct geometrically a
non-degenerate triangular dynamical r-matrix using symplectic fibrations.
Second, we prove that a triangular dynamical r-matrix $r: \frakh^* \lon
\wedge^2 \frakg$ corresponds to a Poisson manifold $\frakh^* \times G$. A
special type of quantizations of this Poisson manifold, called compatible star
products in this paper, yields a generalized version of the quantum dynamical
Yang-Baxter equation
 (or Gervais-Neveu-Felder equation). As a result, the quantization problem of a
general dynamical r-matrix is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113656 </DOCNO>
Information preserved guided scan pixel difference coding for medical


  This paper analyzes the information content of medical images, with 3-D MRI
images as an example, in terms of information entropy. The results of the
analysis justify the use of Pixel Difference Coding for preserving all
information contained in the original pictures, lossless coding in other words.
The experimental results also indicate that the compression ratio CR=2:1 can be
achieved under the lossless constraints. A pratical implementation of Pixel
Difference Coding which allows interactive retrieval of local ROI (Region of
Interest), while maintaining the near low bound information entropy, is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2160 </DOCNO>
Coloumb interaction and instability of CE-structure in half doped


  In their Letter (Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 5118 (1999)), den Brink, Khaliullin,
and Khomskii proposed theoretically that the one-dimensional ferromagnetic
zigzag chains in CE phase in half-doped manganites play an essential role in
forming the orbital ordering, and, more surprisingly, the on-site Coulomb
interaction U between electrons with different orbitals leads to experimentally
observed charge ordering. In this Comment, I point out that the strong U will
destroy the stability of CE-type phase, which is stable in a very narrow regime
in the parameter space for electronic model.To solve this issue finally, we
have to take into account other interactions, such as the long-range Coulomb
interaction, Jahn-Teller distortion, and physics of topological berry phase.
For example, the effect of finite large J$_{H}$ leads to an attractive
particle-hole interaction, which favors to stabilize the charge ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168783 </DOCNO>
Fuzziness in Quantum Mechanics


  It is shown that quantum mechanics can be regarded as what one might call a
"fuzzy" mechanics whose underlying logic is the fuzzy one, in contradistinction
to the classical "crisp" logic. Therefore classical mechanics can be viewed as
a crisp limit of a "fuzzy" quantum mechanics. Based on these considerations it
is possible to arrive at the Schroedinger equation directly from the
Hamilton-Jacobi equation. The link between these equations is based on the fact
that a unique ("crisp") trajectory of a classical particle emerges out of a
continuum of possible paths collapsing to a single trajectory according to the
principle of least action. This can be interpreted as a consequence of an
assumption that a quantum "particle" "resides" in every path of the continuum
of paths which collapse to a single(unique) trajectory of an observed classical
motion. A wave function then is treated as a function describing a
deterministic entity having a fuzzy character. As a consequence of such an
interpretation, the complimentarity principle and wave-particle duality can be
abandoned in favor of a fuzzy deterministic microoobject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148721 </DOCNO>
Simplified Method for Trace Anomaly Calculations in d=6 and d<6


  We discuss a simplified method for computing trace anomalies in d=6 and d<6
dimensions. It is known that in the quantum mechanical approach trace anomalies
in d dimensions are given by a (1+d/2)-loop computation in an auxiliary 1d
sigma model with arbitrary geometry. We show how one can obtain the same
information using a simpler d/2-loop calculation on an arbitrary geometry
supplemented by a (1+d/2)-loop calculation on the simplified geometry of a
maximally symmetric space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114384 </DOCNO>
Control System Design Philosophy for Effective Operations and


  A well-designed control system facilitates the functions of machine
operation, maintenance and development. In addition, the overall effectiveness
of the control system can be greatly enhanced by providing reliable mechanisms
for coordination and communication, ensuring that these functions work in
concert. For good operability, the information presented to operators should be
consistent, easy to understand and customizable. A maintainable system is
segmented appropriately, allowing a broken element to be quickly identified and
repaired while leaving the balance of the system available. In a research and
development environment, the control system must meet the frequently changing
requirements of a variety of customers. This means the system must be flexible
enough to allow for ongoing modifications with minimal disruptions to
operations. Beyond the hardware and software elements of the control system,
appropriate workflow processes must be in place to maximize system uptime and
allow people to work efficiently. Processes that provide automatic electronic
communication ensure that information is not lost and reaches its destination
in a timely fashion. This paper discusses how these control system design and
quality issues have been applied at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
Facility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5670 </DOCNO>
A Classification of random Dirac fermions


  We present a detailed classification of random Dirac hamiltonians in two
spatial dimensions based on the implementation of discrete symmetries. Our
classification is slightly finer than that of random matrices, and contains
thirteen classes. We also extend this classification to non-hermitian
hamiltonians with and without Dirac structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75843 </DOCNO>
Femto-Photography of Protons to Nuclei with Deeply Virtual Compton


  Developments in deeply virtual Compton scattering allow the direct
measurements of scattering amplitudes for exchange of a highly virtual photon
with fine spatial resolution. Real-space images of the target can be obtained
from this information. Polarization is used to separate amplitude components.
Spatial resolution is determined by the momentum transfer rather than the
wavelength of the detected photon. Quantum photographs of the proton, nuclei,
and other elementary particles with resolution on the scale of femtometers is
feasible with existing experimental technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168932 </DOCNO>
Exploring Hilbert Space: accurate characterisation of quantum


  We report the creation of a wide range of quantum states with controllable
degrees of entanglement and entropy using an optical two-qubit source based on
spontaneous parametric downconversion. The states are characterised using
measures of entanglement and entropy determined from tomographically determined
density matrices. The Tangle-Entropy plane is introduced as a graphical
representation of these states, and the theoretic upper bound for the maximum
amount of entanglement possible for a given entropy is presented. Such a
combination of general quantum state creation and accurate characterisation is
an essential prerequisite for quantum device development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1996 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions for the periodic Anderson model in 2D: A Non-Fermi


  Presenting exact solutions for the two dimensional periodic Anderson model
with finite and nonzero on-site interaction U>0, we are describing a rigorous
non-Fermi liquid phase in normal phase and 2D. This new state emerges in
multi-band interacting Fermi systems above half filling, being generated by a
flat band effect. The momentum distribution function n_k together with its
derivatives of any order is continuous. The state possesses a well defined
Fermi energy, but the Fermi momentum concept is not definable, so the Fermi
surface in k-space is missing. The state emerges in the vicinity of a Mott
insulating phase when lattice distortions are present, is highly degenerated
and paramagnetic. A gap is present at high U in the density of low lying
excitations. During low lying excitations, quasi-particles are not created
above the Fermi level, only the number of particles at the Fermi energy
increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126131 </DOCNO>
NGC 3603 - a Local Template for Massive Young Clusters


  We present a study of the star cluster associated with the massive Galactic
HII region NGC3603 based on near-IR broad-- and narrowband observations taken
with ISAAC/VLT under excellent seeing conditions (<0.4''). We discuss
color-color diagrams and address the impact of the high UV flux on the disk
evolution of the low-mass stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41535 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Hadronic Cross-Section for the Scattering of Two


  The interaction of virtual photons is investigated using the reaction e+e- ->
e+e- hadrons based on data taken by the OPAL experiment at e+e- centre-of-mass
energies sqrt(s_ee)=189-209 GeV, for W>5 GeV and at an average Q^2 of 17.9
GeV^2. The measured cross-sections are compared to predictions of the Quark
Parton Model (QPM), to the Leading Order QCD Monte Carlo model PHOJET to the
NLO prediction for the reaction e+e- -> e+e-qqbar, and to BFKL calculations.
PHOJET, NLO e+e- -> e+e-qqbar, and QPM describe the data reasonably well,
whereas the cross-section predicted by a Leading Order BFKL calculation is too
large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40894 </DOCNO>
Two-fermion and Two-photon Final States at LEP2 and Search for Extra


  For the first time the experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL have presented
preliminary results for fermion-pair and photon-pair production in e+e-
collisions on the full LEP2 data set. The details of the experimental
measurements and results from their LEP-wide combination are presented. No
statistically significant deviations from the Standard Model expectations are
observed and lower limits, some obtained in dedicated analyses, for new physics
phenomena at 95 % confidence level are derived. The scales of contact
interactions are constrained to lie above 10-20 TeV, depending on the helicity
structure. The Standard Model has thus been tested at LEP2 down to distances
10^{-19} - 10^{-20} m. This has many implications, one example being the
interpretation of the new result on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon
as coming from muon substructure. For gamma-gamma final states the QED cut-offs
are Lambda_+ > 0.44 TeV and Lambda_- > 0.37 TeV. In a combined analysis, using
e+e- and gamma-gamma final states, the most stringent lower limits to date,
M_s^+ > 1.13 TeV (lambda = +1) and M_s^- > 1.39 TeV (lambda = -1), on the low
gravity effective Planck scale are set. Constrains on the scales of string
models like TeV strings and D-branes are derived. In the last case the lower
limit is 1.5 - 4 TeV, depending on the coupling strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1521 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic Fixed Point of the Kondo Model in a Luttinger Liquid


  The Kondo effect in a Luttinger liquid is studied using the renormalization
group method. By renormalizing the boson fields, scaling equations to the
second order for an arbitrary Luttinger interaction are obtained. For the
ferromagnetic Kondo coupling, a spin bound state(triplet) can be realized
without invoking a nearest neighbor spin interaction in agreement with the
recent Bethe ansatz calculation. The scaling theory in the presence of the
scalar potential shows that there is no interplay between the magnetic and
non-magnetic interaction. Also a study on the crossover behavior of the Kondo
temperature between the exponential and the power law type is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 415 </DOCNO>
Conductive Buffer Layers and Overlayers for the Thermal Stability of


  We analyze fundamental issues related to the thermal and electrical stability
of a coated conductor during its operation. We address the role of conductive
buffer layers in the stability of Ni-based coated conductors, and the effect of
a metallic cap layer on the electrical properties of Ni alloy-based
superconducting tapes. For the first case we report on the fabrication of a
fully conductive RABiTS architecture formed of bilayers of conductive oxides
SrRuO3 and LaNiO3 on textured Ni tapes. For the second case we discuss
measurements of current-voltage relations on Ag/YBa2Cu3O7-d and Cu/Ag/
YBa2Cu3O7-d prototype multilayers on insulating substrates. Limitations on the
overall tape structure and properties that are posed by the stability
requirement are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97560 </DOCNO>
Cohomologie non abelienne d'ordre superieur et applications


  In this paper we propose a higher non abelian cohomology theory without using
the notion of n-category. We use this to study compositions series of affine
manifolds and cohomology of manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125099 </DOCNO>
Centaurus A as the Source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays?


  We present numerical simulations for energy spectra and angular distributions
of nucleons above 10^{19} eV injected by the radio-galaxy Centaurus A at a
distance 3.4 Mpc and propagating in extra-galactic magnetic fields in the
sub-micro Gauss range. We show that field strengths B~0.3 micro Gauss, as
proposed by Farrar and Piran, cannot provide sufficient angular deflection to
explain the observational data. A magnetic field of intensity ~1 micro Gauss
could reproduce the observed large-scale isotropy and could marginally explain
the observed energy spectrum. However, it would not readily account for the
E=320 plusminus 93 EeV Fly's Eye event that was detected at an angle 136
degrees away from Cen-A. Such a strong magnetic field also saturates
observational upper limits from Faraday rotation observations and X-ray
bremsstrahlung emission from the ambient gas (assuming equipartition of
energy). This scenario may already be tested by improving magnetic field limits
with existing instruments. We also show that high energy cosmic ray experiments
now under construction will be able to detect the level of anisotropy predicted
by this scenario. We conclude that for magnetic fields B~0.1-0.5 micro Gauss,
considered as more reasonable for the local Supercluster environment, in all
likelihood at least a few sources within ~10 Mpc from the Earth should
contribute to the observed ultra high energy cosmic ray flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168676 </DOCNO>
The essence of entanglement


  Entanglement, according to Erwin Schroedinger the essence of quantum
mechanics, is at the heart of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox and of the so
called quantum-nonlocality - the fact that a local realistic explanation of
quantum mechanics is not possible as quantitatively expressed by violation of
Bell's inequalities. Even as entanglement gains increasing importance in most
quantum information processing protocols, its conceptual foundation is still
widely debated. Among the open questions are: What is the conceptual meaning of
quantum entanglement? What are the most general constraints imposed by local
realism? Which general quantum states violate these constraints? Developing
Schroedinger's ideas in an information-theoretic context we suggest that a
natural understanding of quantum entanglement results when one accepts (1) that
the amount of information per elementary system is finite and (2) that the
information in a composite system resides more in the correlations than in
properties of individuals. The quantitative formulation of these ideas leads to
a rather natural criterion of quantum entanglement. Independently, extending
Bell's original ideas, we obtain a single general Bell inequality that
summarizes all possible constraints imposed by local realism on the
correlations for a multi-particle system. Violation of the general Bell
inequality results in an independent general criterion for quantum
entanglement. Most importantly, the two criteria agree in essence, though the
two approaches are conceptually very different. This concurrence strongly
supports the information-theoretic interpretation of quantum entanglement and
of quantum physics in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98061 </DOCNO>
Families of rationally connected varieties


  We prove that a one-parameter family of rationally connected varieties (over
an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0) always has a section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1685 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall Physics = Noncommutative Field Theory


  In this note, we study a matrix-regularized version of non-commutative U(1)
Chern-Simons theory proposed recently by Polychronakos. We determine a complete
minimal basis of exact wavefunctions for the theory at arbitrary level k and
rank N and show that these are in one-to-one correspondence with Laughlin-type
wavefunctions describing excitations of a quantum Hall droplet composed of N
electrons at filling fraction 1/k. The finite matrix Chern-Simons theory is
shown to be precisely equivalent to the theory of composite fermions in the
lowest Landau level, believed to provide an accurate description of the filling
fraction 1/k fractional quantum Hall state. In the large N limit, this implies
that level k noncommutative U(1) Chern-Simons theory is equivalent to the
Laughlin theory of the filling fraction 1/k quantum Hall fluid, as conjectured
recently by Susskind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124648 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing and modified Newtonian dynamics


  Gravitational lensing is most often used as a tool to investigate the
distribution of (dark) matter in the universe, but, if the mass distribution is
known a priori, it becomes, at least in principle, a powerful probe of gravity
itself. Lensing observations are a more powerful tool than dynamical
measurements because they allow measurements of the gravitational field far
away from visible matter. For example, modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) has
no relativistic extension, and so makes no firm lensing predictions, but
galaxy-galaxy lensing data can be used to empirically the deflection law of a
point-mass. MONDian lensing is consistent with general relativity, in so far as
the deflection experienced by a photon is twice that experienced by a massive
particle moving at the speed of light. With the deflection law in place and no
invisible matter, MOND can be tested wherever lensing is observed. The
implications are that either MONDian lensing is completely non-linear or that
MOND is not an accurate description of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72938 </DOCNO>
Two-loop Calculations in the MSSM with FeynArts


  Recent electroweak two-loop corrections in the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM) are reviewed. They have been obtained with the help of
the programs FeynArts and TwoCalc, making use of the recently completed MSSM
model file for FeynArts. Short examples of how to use the two codes together
with the analytic result for the O(Gf^2 m_t^4) corrections to the
$\rho$-parameter in the MSSM are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114315 </DOCNO>
Thermal instability of an optically thin dusty plasma


  We investigate the role of thermal instability, arising from radiative
cooling of an optically thin, dusty plasma, by linear stability analysis. The
corresponding isobaric stability condition for condensation mode is found to be
modified significantly by the degree of ionization and concentration of finite
sized, relatively heavy, and negatively charged dust particles. It has been
shown that though the fundamental wave mode is similar in nature to the one in
absence of dust particles, a new dust-wave mode can propagate in such a plasma.
It is conjectured that the presence of negatively charged dust particles may
considerably affect the stability of various astrophysical structures against
thermal instability, which can not be explained with the help of gravitational
instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85739 </DOCNO>
An Alternative to Matter Localization in the "Brane World": An Early


  Here we place the Latex typeset of the paper M. Pavsic, Phys. Lett. A116
(1986) 1-5. In the paper we presented the picture that our spacetime is a
3-brane moving in a higher dimensional space. The dynamical equations were
derived from the action which is just that for the usual Dirac-Nambu-Goto
$p$-brane. We also considered the case where not only one, but many branes of
various dimensionalities are present, and showed that their intersections with
the 3-brane manifest as matter in 4-dimensional spacetime. We considered a
particular case, where the intersections behaved as point particles, and found
out that they follow the geodesics on the 3-brane worldsheet (identified with
our spacetime). In a series of subsequent papers the original idea has been
further improved and developped. This is discussed in a note at the end, where
it is also pointed out that such a model resolves the problem of massive matter
confinement on the brane, recently discussed by Rubakov et al. and Mueck et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150107 </DOCNO>
Matrix string theory and the Myers effect


  A new configuration of non-abelian D1-branes growing into D5-branes is found.
This time the effect is triggered by a non-trivial electric field on the
world-volume of the D1-branes and a constant RR 4-form potential. Based on the
these configurations and other observations regarding non-abilean effective
actions, a new action for matrix string theory in non-trivial backgrounds is
conjectured. As an application we found that fundamental strings can grow into
Dp-branes, in particular by placing the strings in the background of a group of
near horizon D3-branes we found D5-branes. These types of configurations were
found from the supergravity point of view in previous works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1542 </DOCNO>
How to split the electron in one dimension


  Using the example of the Davydov soliton - a large acoustic polaron in one
dimension - we demonstrate that the electron wave function can be fissioned in
two or more long-lived, well-localized and spatially arbitrarily far separated
fragments. The phenomenon of wave function splitting is a result of the
electron-medium interaction, and takes place under a variety of conditions
provided the initial wave function of the electron is localized and has at
least one node.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81185 </DOCNO>
Atomic Bose Condensation and the Lattice


  I show how interaction corrections to the Bose condensation temperature of an
atomic gas can be computed using a combination of perturbative effective field
theory and lattice techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2622 </DOCNO>
On the Analyticity of Solutions in the Dynamical Mean-Field Theory


  The unphysical solutions of the periodic Anderson model obtained by H. Keiter
and T. Leuders [Europhys. Lett. 49, 801(2000)] in dynamical mean-field theory
(DMFT) are shown to result from the author's restricted choice of the
functional form of the solution, leading to a violation of the analytic
properties of the exact solution. By contrast, iterative solutions of the
self-consistency condition within the DMFT obtained by techniques which
preserve the correct analytic properties of the exact solution (e.g., quantum
Monte-Carlo simulations or the numerical renormalization group) always lead to
physical solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1660 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour of thermopower and conductivity at the


  This paper reports thermopower and conductivity measurements through the
metal-insulator transition for 2-dimensional electron gases in high mobility
Si-MOSFETs. At low temperatures both thermopower and conductivity show critical
behaviour as a function of electron density. When approaching the critical
density from the metallic side the diffusion thermopower appears to diverge and
the conductivity vanishes. On the insulating side the thermopower shows an
upturn with decreasing temperature. These features have much in common with
those expected for an Anderson transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128295 </DOCNO>
Quintessence-the Dark Energy in the Universe?


  Quintessence - the energy density of a slowly evolving scalar field - may
constitute a dynamical form of the homogeneous dark energy in the universe. We
review the basic idea and indicate observational tests which may distinguish
quintessence from a cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114310 </DOCNO>
Statistical Properties of Fano Resonances in Atomic and Molecular


  Statistical properties of Fano resonances occurring in photoabsorption to
highly excited atomic or molecular states are derived. The situation with one
open and one closed channel is analyzed when the classical motion of the
excited complex in the closed channel is chaotic. The closed channel subspace
is modeled by random matrix theory. The probability distribution of the Fano
parameter is derived both for the case of time reversal symmetry (TRS) and
broken time reversal symmetry. For the TRS case the area distribution under a
resonance profile relevant for low resolution experiments is discussed in
detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98847 </DOCNO>
The ideal envelope of an operator algebra


  A left ideal of any C*-algebra is an example of an operator algebra with a
right contractive approximate identity (r.c.a.i.). Conversely, we show here and
in a `pre-quel' to this paper [B], that operator algebras with r.c.a.i. should
be studied in terms of a certain left ideal of a C*-algebra. We study operator
algebras and their multiplier algebras from the perspective of `Hamana theory'
and using the multiplier algebras introduced by the first author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129605 </DOCNO>
Search for Molecular Gas in the quasar SDSS 1044-0125 at z=5.73


  We report upper limits on CO J=2--1 and CO J=5--4 emission from the quasar
SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2 at z=5.73 from observations made with the
Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland-Association Array. Previously reported limits on CO
J=6--5 emission (Iwata et al. 2001) were obtained at z=5.80, which is now
thought to be off by 1%, and the observations likely missed the relevant
redshifts for molecular gas. The new $3\sigma$ upper limits on the line
luminosities are $L^{'}_{CO}(2-1) < 5.1 \times 10^{10}$ K km s$^{-1}$ pc$^2$
and $L^{'}_{CO}(5-4) < 3.0 \times 10^{10}$ K km s$^{-1}$ pc$^2$, assuming 200
km s$^{-1}$ linewidth. The CO J=5--4 observations place an upper limit on warm,
dense molecular gas mass comparable to amounts derived for some other high
redshift quasar systems from detections of this line. The limit on CO J=2--1
emission suggests that excitation bias does not affect this conclusion. In
addition, no molecular gas rich companion galaxies are found in a $\sim1.4$ Mpc
field surrounding the quasar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96661 </DOCNO>
About Division by 1


  The Euclidean division of two formal series in one variable produces a
sequence of series that we obtain explicitly, remarking that the case where one
of the two initial series is 1 is sufficiently generic. As an application, we
define a Wronskian of symmetric functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72689 </DOCNO>
Dynamical SU(3) linear sigma model and the mixing of eta'-eta and


  The SU(3) linear sigma model is dynamically generated in loop-order using the
nonstrange-strange basis. Only self-consistent logarithmic divergent graphs are
needed, with quadratic divergent graphs replaced by SU(3) mass-shell equal
splitting laws. The latter lead to an eta'-eta mixing angle of 41.84 deg which
is consistent with phenomenology. Finally this above SU(3) linear sigma model
in turn predicts strong decay rates which are all compatible with data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97850 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Contact Process on Homogeneous Trees


  The existence of a weak survival region is established for the anisotropic
symmetric contact process on a homogeneous tree T_{2d} of degree 2d > 2: For
parameter values in a certain connected region of positive Lebesgue measure,
the population survives forever with positive probability but ultimately
vacates every finite subset of the tree with probability one. In this phase,
infection trails must converge to the geometric boundary \Omega of the tree.
The random subset \Lambda of the boundary consisting of all ends of the tree in
which the infection survives, called the limit set of the process, is shown to
have Hausdorff dimension no larger than one half the Hausdorff dimension of the
entire geometric boundary. In addition, there is strict inequality at the
transition between weak and strong survival except when the contact process is
isotropic. It is further shown that in all cases there is a distinguished
probability measure \mu, supported by \Omega, such that the Hausdorff dimension
of \Lambda \cap \Omega_{\mu}, where \Omega_{\mu} is the set of \mu-generic
points of \Omega, converges to one half the Hausdorff dimension of \Omega_{\mu}
at the phase separation points. Exact formulae for the Hausdorff dimensions of
\Lambda and \Lambda \cap \Omega_{\mu} are obtained. We also prove that the
contact process at the transition between extinction and weak survival does not
survive. The method developed shows that the contact process at the phase
transition to strong survival survives weakly for d > 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41392 </DOCNO>
Observation of $\Lambda_c^+ \to \Lambda^0 K^+$, $\Lambda_c^+ \to


  We present measurements of the Cabibbo-suppressed decays $\Lambda_c^+ \to
\Lambda^0 K^+$ and $\Lambda_c^+ \to \Sigma^0 K^+$ (both first observations),
$\Lambda_c^+ \to \Sigma^+ K^+\pi^-$ (seen with large statistics for the first
time), $\Lambda_c^+ \to p K^+ K^-$ and $\Lambda_c^+ \to p \phi$ (measured with
improved accuracy). Improved branching ratio measurements for the decays
$\Lambda_c^+ \to \Sigma^0 K^+ K^-$ and $\Lambda_c^+ \to \Sigma^0 \phi$, which
are attributed to W-exchange diagrams, are shown. We also present the first
evidence for $\Lambda_c^+ \to \Xi(1690) K^+$ and set an upper limit on
non-resonant $\Lambda_c^+ \to \Sigma^0 K^+ K^-$ decay. This analysis was
performed using 23.6 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the Belle detector at the
$e^+ e^-$ asymmetric collider KEKB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124771 </DOCNO>
Star-Forming AGN Host Galaxies


  The symbiosis of nuclear activity and star-formation in galaxies, as
manifested in their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) is reviewed. Attention
is drawn to an Hertzsprung-Russell diagram-equivalent for such objects, as well
as to the importance of the SEDs in cosmological context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98934 </DOCNO>
Winding-invariant prime ideals in quantum $3\times3$ matrices


  A complete determination of the prime ideals invariant under winding
automorphisms in the generic 3 by 3 quantum matrix algebra is obtained.
Explicit generating sets consisting of quantum minors are given for all of
these primes, thus verifying a general conjecture in the 3 by 3 case. The
result relies heavily on certain tensor product decompositions for
winding-invariant prime ideals, developed in an accompanying paper. In
addition, new methods are developed here, which show that certain sets of
quantum minors, not previously manageable, generate prime ideals in the n by n
quantum matrix algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126801 </DOCNO>
Theory of GRB Afterglow


  The most interesting current open question in the theory of GRB afterglow is
the propagation of jetted afterglows during the sideway expansion phase. Recent
numerical simulations show hydrodynamic behavior that differs from the one
suggested by simple analytic models. Still, somewhat surprisingly, the
calculated light curves show a `jet break' at about the expected time. These
results suggest that the expected rate of orphan optical afterglows should be
smaller than previously estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74749 </DOCNO>
Varieties of Dirac equation and flavors of leptons and quarks


  I show that there exist twelve independent Dirac equations for spin 1/2
fermions. The Dirac fields that satisfy these equations can be grouped into six
pairs according to the way they transform under continuous space-time
transformations. These six pairs of Dirac equations correspond to the three
quark generations and the three lepton generations. The charged V-A currents
can be formed only from fields of the same pair. This property of the Dirac
fields implies that a quark or lepton may be transformed only into its partner
of the same generation via the charged-current weak interaction. According to
the properties of the charged-current weak interaction, I conclude that
different elementary fermion fields must satisfy different Dirac equations, and
there may not be more than twelve flavors of elementary fermions that are
already known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87025 </DOCNO>
The Asymptotic Dynamics of de Sitter Gravity in three Dimensions


  We show that the asymptotic dynamics of three-dimensional gravity with
positive cosmological constant is described by Euclidean Liouville theory. This
provides an explicit example of a correspondence between de Sitter gravity and
conformal field theories. In the case at hand, this correspondence is
established by formulating Einstein gravity with positive cosmological constant
in three dimensions as an SL(2,C) Chern-Simons theory. The de Sitter boundary
conditions on the connection are divided into two parts. The first part reduces
the CS action to a nonchiral SL(2,C) WZNW model, whereas the second provides
the constraints for a further reduction to Liouville theory, which lives on the
past boundary of dS_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98354 </DOCNO>
A polytope combinatorics for semisimple groups


  Mirkovic and Vilonen discovered a canonical basis of algebraic cycles for the
intersection homology of (the closures of the strata of) the loop Grassmannian.
The moment map images of these varieties are a collection of polytopes, and
they may be used to compute weight multiplicities and tensor product
multiplicities for representations of a semisimple group. The polytopes are
explicitly described for a few low rank groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81166 </DOCNO>
Locality and exponential error reduction in numerical lattice gauge


  In non-abelian gauge theories without matter fields, expectation values of
large Wilson loops and loop correlation functions are difficult to compute
through numerical simulation, because the signal-to-noise ratio is very rapidly
decaying for increasing loop sizes. Using a multilevel scheme that exploits the
locality of the theory, we show that the statistical errors in such
calculations can be exponentially reduced. We explicitly demonstrate this in
the SU(3) theory, for the case of the Polyakov loop correlation function, where
the efficiency of the simulation is improved by many orders of magnitude when
the area bounded by the loops exceeds 1 fm^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5584 </DOCNO>
A reaction-diffusion model for the growth of avascular tumor


  A nutrient-limited model for avascular cancer growth including cell
proliferation, motility and death is presented. The model qualitatively
reproduces commonly observed morphologies for primary tumors, and the simulated
patterns are characterized by its gyration radius, total number of cancer
cells, and number of cells on tumor periphery. These very distinct
morphological patterns follow Gompertz growth curves, but exhibit different
scaling laws for their surfaces. Also, the simulated tumors incorporate a
spatial structure composed of a central necrotic core, an inner rim of
quiescent cells and a narrow outer shell of proliferating cells in agreement
with biological data. Finally, our results indicate that the competition for
nutrients among normal and cancer cells may be a determinant factor in
generating papillary tumor morphology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98552 </DOCNO>
Kaehler submanifolds with parallel pluri-mean curvature


  We investigate the local geometry of a class of K\"ahler submanifolds $M
\subset \R^n$ which generalize surfaces of constant mean curvature. The role of
the mean curvature vector is played by the $(1,1)$-part (i.e. the $dz_id\bar
z_j$-components) of the second fundamental form $\alpha$, which we call the
pluri-mean curvature. We show that these K\"ahler submanifolds are
characterized by the existence of an associated family of isometric
submanifolds with rotated second fundamental form. Of particular interest is
the isotropic case where this associated family is trivial. We also investigate
the properties of the corresponding Gauss map which is pluriharmonic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74679 </DOCNO>
The AIRES system for air shower simulations. An update


  A report on the characteristics of ultra-high energy air showers simulated
with the current version of the AIRES program is presented. The AIRES system
includes a fast simulating program, originally designed on the basis of the
well-known MOCCA program, and progressively improved and tested. The AIRES
algorithms are briefly described and some results coming from the simulations
are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76106 </DOCNO>
Zee Model Confronts SNO Data


  We reexamine the solution of the minimal Zee model by comparing with the data
of the SNO experiment, and conclude that the model is strongly disfavored but
not yet excluded by the observations. Two extensions of the Zee model are
briefly discussed both of which introduce additional freedom and can
accommodate the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96116 </DOCNO>
The U(1)-invariant field theories with normal field operators


  In this paper we consider a very general U(1)-invariant field theory such
that a field operator commutes with its adjoint, what corresponds to a theory
of a charged bosonic particle. We show that from such an invariance follows the
existence of particles and antiparticles associated to the same physical state.
The field operator always turns out to be a sum of a particle creation and an
antiparticle annihilation operators. We study in detail the case when creation
and annihilation operators factorize and show that such operators are closely
related to q-deformed commutation relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179311 </DOCNO>
Offshell effects in electromagnetic reactions on the deuteron


  Offshell contributions to the electromagnetic nuclear current are evaluated
within a nonrelativistic approach by incorporation one-pion loop contributions
in time-ordered perturbation theory. By construction, the correct experimental
onshell properties of the nucleon current are ensured so that only the genuine
offshell effects appear as model dependent. For a qualitative assessment of
such offshell effects, this model is applied to photodisintegration of the
deuteron for photon energies up to 500 MeV. While at low energies offshell
contributions are small, above 300 MeV they lead to sizeable effects in
observables up to about 30 percent pointing to the necessity of incorporating
such effects if one aims at theoretical predictions of high precision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75969 </DOCNO>
On the phase-space structure of the Milky Way dark-matter halo


  We analyse a high resolution simulation of the formation of a cluster's
dark-matter halo in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology (Springel et al. 2001). The
resolution achieved allows us to map the phase-space structure in detail, and
characterize its evolution and degree of lumpiness. Scaling down the cluster
halo to a Milky-Way size halo, we probe the substructure expected in the solar
neighbourhood. Here we specifically address the relevance of such substructure
for direct detection experiments aimed at determining the nature of
dark-matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40922 </DOCNO>
Study of the effective transverse momentum of partons in the proton


  The photoproduction of prompt photons, together with an accompanying jet, has
been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of
38.6 pb^{-1}. A study of the effective transverse momentum, k_T, of partons in
the proton, as modelled within the framework of the PYTHIA Monte Carlo, gives a
value of k_T = 1.69+/-0.18 ^{+0.18}_{-0.20} GeV for the photon-proton
centre-of-mass energy range 134 < W < 251 GeV. This result is in agreement with
the previously observed trend in hadron-hadron scattering for k_T to rise with
interaction energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169095 </DOCNO>
Gravitational effects on a rigid Casimir cavity


  Vacuum fluctuations produce a force acting on a rigid Casimir cavity in a
weak gravitational field. Such a force is here evaluated and is found to have
opposite direction with respect to the gravitational acceleration; the order of
magnitude for a multi-layer cavity configuration is analyzed and experimental
detection is discussed, bearing in mind the current technological resources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128958 </DOCNO>
On the Probability Distribution of Cosmological Microlensing Optical


  It is conventional to calculate the probability of microlensing for a
cosmologically distant source based on the Press-Gunn approximation that the
lensing objects are uniformly and randomly distributed in the intervening space
with a constant comoving density. Here we investigate more realistic
cosmological microlensing statistics by considering the strong spatial
clustering of likely lensing objects with each other in galaxies and their
association with the clumps of dark matter that make up the massive halos of
galaxies. The distribution of microlensing optical depth (kappa) along randomly
chosen sight lines is calculated as is the conditional distribution of kappa
along sight lines near one which is strongly microlensed. Our overall result is
that the Press-Gunn approximation is a useful order-of-magnitude approximation
if the massive halos of galaxies are made of dark compact objects but that it
fails badly and can be qualitatively misleading in the more likely case in
which only the ordinary stellar populations of galaxies are the dominant source
of cosmological microlensing events. In particular, we find that microlensing
by stars is limited to of order 1 percent of high redshift sources at any one
time. Furthermore, even though only a small fraction of high redshift sources
are multiply-imaged (by galaxies), it is these sources that are most likely to
be microlensed by stars. Consequently, microlensing by stars is usually
observed at kappa's near 1 where the simple isolated point mass lens
approximation is not appropriate. However, if CDM halos are composed of
condensed objects, then more than 10 percent of high redshift sources are
microlensed at any given time. The vast majority of these sources are not
multiply-imaged, and have kappa's smaller than 0.01.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 406 </DOCNO>
Rashba precession in quantum wires with interaction


  Rashba precession of spins moving along a one-dimensional quantum channel is
calculated, accounting for Coulomb interactions. The Tomonaga--Luttinger model
is formulated in the presence of spin-orbit scattering and solved by
Bosonization. Increasing interaction strength at decreasing carrier density is
found to {\sl enhance} spin precession and the nominal Rashba parameter due to
the decreasing spin velocity compared with the Fermi velocity. This result can
elucidate the observed pronounced changes of the spin splitting on applied gate
voltages which are estimated to influence the interface electric field in
heterostructures only little.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5096 </DOCNO>
PDF of Velocity Fluctuation in Turbulence by a Statistics based on


  An analytical formula for the probability density function (PDF) of the
velocity fluctuation in fully-developed turbulence is derived,
non-perturbatively, by assuming that its underlying statistics is the one based
on the generalized measures of entropy, the R\'{e}nyi entropy or the
Tsallis-Havrda-Charvat (THC) entropy. The parameters appeared in the PDF,
including the index $q$ which appears in the measures of the R\'{e}nyi entropy
or of the THC entropy are determined self-consistently with the help of the
observed value $\mu$ of the intermittency exponent. The derived PDF explains
quite well the experimentally observed density functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148982 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative radial waves


  We study radial waves in (2+1)-dimensional noncommutative scalar field
theory, using operatorial methods. The waves propagate along a discrete radial
coordinate and are described by finite series deformations of Bessel-type
functions. At large radius with respect to the noncomutativity scale $\theta$,
the waves behave like the usual commutative ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74666 </DOCNO>
Quenching of hadron spectra in media


  We determine how the yield of large transverse momentum hadrons is modified
due to induced gluon radiation off a hard parton traversing a QCD medium. The
quenching factor is formally a collinear- and infrared-safe quantity and can be
treated perturbatively. In spite of that, in the $p_\perp$ region of practical
interest, its value turns out to be extremely sensitive to large distances and
can be used to unravel the properties of dense quark-gluon final states
produced in heavy ion collisions. We also find that the standard modelling of
quenching by shifting $p_\perp$ in the hard parton cross section by the mean
energy loss is inadequate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169514 </DOCNO>
ROM-based quantum computation: Experimental explorations using Nuclear


  ROM-based quantum computation (QC) is an alternative to oracle-based QC. It
has the advantages of being less ``magical'', and being more suited to
implementing space-efficient computation (i.e. computation using the minimum
number of writable qubits). Here we consider a number of small (one and
two-qubit) quantum algorithms illustrating different aspects of ROM-based QC.
They are: (a) a one-qubit algorithm to solve the Deutsch problem; (b) a
one-qubit binary multiplication algorithm; (c) a two-qubit controlled binary
multiplication algorithm; and (d) a two-qubit ROM-based version of the
Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. For each algorithm we present experimental
verification using NMR ensemble QC. The average fidelities for the
implementation were in the ranges 0.9 - 0.97 for the one-qubit algorithms, and
0.84 - 0.94 for the two-qubit algorithms. We conclude with a discussion of
future prospects for ROM-based quantum computation. We propose a four-qubit
algorithm, using Grover's iterate, for solving a miniature ``real-world''
problem relating to the lengths of paths in a network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73809 </DOCNO>
Single Top Production in $e^+ e^-$, $e^- e^-$, $\gamma e$ and $\gamma


  Single top quark cross section evaluations for the complete sets of
tree-level diagrams in the $e^+ e^-$, $e^- e^-$, $\gamma e$ and $\gamma \gamma$
modes of the next linear collider with unpolarized and polarized beams are
performed within the Standard Model and beyond. From comparison of all
possibilities we conclude that the process $\gamma_+ e^-_L \to e^- t \bar b$ is
extremely favoured due to large cross section, no $t \bar t$ background, high
degrees of beam polarization, and exceptional sensitivities to $V_{tb}$ and
anomalous $Wtb$ couplings. Similar reasons favour the process $e^- e^- \to e^-
\nu_e \bar t b$ for probing top quark properties despite a considerably lower
cross section. Less favourable are processes like $e^+ e^-, \gamma \gamma \to
e^- \nu_e t \bar b$. Three processes were chosen to probe their sensitivity to
anomalous $Wtb$ couplings, with best bounds found for $\gamma_+ e^-_L \to e^- t
\bar b$ and $e^+_R e^-_R \to e^- \nu_e t \bar b$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86845 </DOCNO>
The embedding of the spacetime in five dimensions: an extension of


  We extend Campbell-Magaard embedding theorem by proving that any
n-dimensional semi-Riemannian manifold can be locally embedded in an
(n+1)-dimensional Einstein space. We work out some examples of application of
the theorem and discuss its relevance in the context of modern
higher-dimensional spacetime theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125651 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Timing Observations and Tests of General Relativity in


  We describe the techniques used in pulsar timing observations, and show how
these observations may be applied to tests of strong-field general relativity
for double-neutron-star binary systems. We describe the tests of GR resulting
from the PSRs B1913+16 and B1534+12 systems. For the latter pulsar, 5
"Post-Keplerian" timing parameters are measurable, including the orbital period
derivative and the two Shapiro delay parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113832 </DOCNO>
Gauge Theoretic Approach to Fluid Dynamics


  The Hamiltonian dynamics of a compressible inviscid fluid is formulated as a
gauge theory. The idea of gauge equivalence is exploited to unify the study of
apparantly distinct physical problems and solutions of new models can be
generated from known fluid velocity profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129581 </DOCNO>
Compressional Heating of Accreting White Dwarfs in CV's


  In recent years several Dwarf Novae (DN) systems have been observed in
quiescence, when the accretion rate is low and the WD photosphere can be
directly detected. The WDs are observed to cool after the DN outburst from high
effective temperatures to lower effective temperatures (T_eff) thought to be
indicative of the thermal state of the deep interior of the WD. Sion has argued
that the most likely energy source for this quiescent luminosity is the
gravitational compression of the WD interior, which rejuvenates an otherwise
cold WD into a much hotter state. We are undertaking a theoretical study of the
compressional heating of WD's, extending down to the very low time averaged
accretion rates, <Mdot>~10^{-11}M_sun/yr, applicable to the post-turnaround
CV's (the ``TOADS''). Nuclear burning is unstable at these <Mdot>'s, so we have
incorporated the recurrent heating and cooling of the WD throughout the
classical novae limit cycle. In addition to self-consistently finding the range
of T_eff as a function of <Mdot> during the cycle, we also self-consistently
find the ignition masses. Comparing these theoretical masses to the observed
ejected masses will tell us whether the WD mass in CV's is secularly increasing
or decreasing. We close by comparing our results to the accumulated
observations of quiescent DN and making predictions for the colors of low
<Mdot> CV's in quiescence that are applicable to searches for faint CVs in the
field and galactic globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85804 </DOCNO>
Gravitation with superposed Gauss--Bonnet terms in higher dimensions:


  Our starting point is an iterative construction suited to combinatorics in
arbitarary dimensions d, of totally anisymmetrised p-Riemann 2p-forms (2p\le d)
generalising the (1-)Riemann curvature 2-forms. Superposition of p-Ricci
scalars obtained from the p-Riemann forms defines the maximally Gauss--Bonnet
extended gravitational Lagrangian. Metrics, spherically symmetric in the (d-1)
space dimensions are constructed for the general case. The problem is directly
reduced to solving polynomial equations. For some black hole type metrics the
horizons are obtained by solving polynomial equations. Corresponding Kruskal
type maximal extensions are obtained explicitly in complete generality, as is
also the periodicity of time for Euclidean signature. We show how to include a
cosmological constant and a point charge. Possible further developments and
applications are indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3339 </DOCNO>
DNA sequence from the unzipping force? : one mutation problem


  The possibility of detecting mutations in a DNA from force measurements is
discussed theoretically and a proposal of a differential force microscope is
made. The force signal is associated with the domain wall separating the zipped
from the unzipped regions. The feasibility of sequencing a DNA by using the
same method is also discussed. Two lattice models are treated as specific
examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149403 </DOCNO>
N_T=4 equivariant extension of the 3D topological model of Blau and


  The Blau-Thompson N_T=2, D=3 nonequivariant topological model is extended to
a N_T=4, D=3 topological theory. The latter, formally, may be regarded as a
topological deformation of the N_T=2, D=4 Yamrom-Vafa-Witten theory after
dimensional reduction to D=3. For completeness, also the dimensional reduction
of the half-twisted N_T=2, D=4 Yamron model is explicitly constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 371 </DOCNO>
Minimum spanning trees on random networks


  We show that the geometry of minimum spanning trees (MST) on random graphs is
universal. Due to this geometric universality, we are able to characterise the
energy of MST using a scaling distribution ($P(\epsilon)$) found using uniform
disorder. We show that the MST energy for other disorder distributions is
simply related to $P(\epsilon)$. We discuss the relationship to invasion
percolation (IP), to the directed polymer in a random media (DPRM) and the
implications for the broader issue of universality in disordered systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41025 </DOCNO>
A Search for Single Top Quark Production at DZero


  We present details of a search for electroweak production of single top
quarks in the electron+jets and muon+jets decay channels. The measurements use
\~90 pb^-1 of data from Run 1 of the Fermilab Tevatron collider, collected at
1.8 TeV with the DZero detector. We use events that include a tagging muon,
implying the presence of a b jet, to set an upper limit at the 95% confidence
level on the cross section for the s-channel process ppbar->tb+X of 39 pb. The
upper limit for the t-channel process ppbar->tqb+X is 58 pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96169 </DOCNO>
Geodesics and curvature of semidirect product groups


  Geodesics and curvature of semidirect product groups with right invariant
metrics are determined. In the special case of an isometric semidirect product,
the curvature is shown to be the sum of the curvature of the two groups. A
series of examples, like the magnetic extension of a group, are then
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75457 </DOCNO>
Azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive leptoproduction


  We point out the role of intrinsic transverse momentum of partons in the
study of azimuthal asymmetries in deep-inelastic 1-particle inclusive
leptoproduction. Leading asymmetries often appear in combination with spin
asymmetries. This leads not only to transverse momentum dependence in the
parton distribution functions, but also to functions beyond the ones known from
inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS). We use Lorentz invariance and the
QCD equations of motion to study the evolution of functions that appear at
leading (zeroth) order in a 1/Q expansion in azimuthal asymmetries. This
includes the evolution equation of the Collins fragmentation function. The
moments of these functions are matrix elements of known twist two and twist
three operators. We give the evolution in the large $N_c$ limit, restricted to
the non-singlet case for the chiral-even functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86835 </DOCNO>
Evolution equations for the perturbations of slowly rotating


  We present a new derivation of the equations governing the oscillations of
slowly rotating relativistic stars. Previous investigations have been mostly
carried out in the Regge-Wheeler gauge. However, in this gauge the process of
linearizing the Einstein field equations leads to perturbation equations which
as such cannot be used to perform numerical time evolutions. It is only through
the tedious process of combining and rearranging the perturbation variables in
a clever way that the system can be cast into a set of hyperbolic first order
equations, which is then well suited for the numerical integration. The
equations remain quite lengthy, and we therefore rederive the perturbation
equations in a different gauge, which has been first proposed by Battiston et
al. (1970). Using the ADM formalism, one is immediately lead to a first order
hyperbolic evolution system, which is remarkably simple and can be numerically
integrated without many further manipulations. Moreover, the symmetry between
the polar and the axial equations becomes directly apparent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148362 </DOCNO>
Anomalies and Schwinger terms in NCG field theory models


  We study the quantization of chiral fermions coupled to generalized Dirac
operators arising in NCG Yang-Mills theory. The cocycles describing chiral
symmetry breaking are calculated. In particular, we introduce a generalized
locality principle for the cocycles. Local cocycles are by definition
expressions which can be written as generalized traces of operator commutators.
In the case of pseudodifferential operators, these traces lead in fact to
integrals of ordinary local de Rham forms. As an application of the general
ideas we discuss the case of noncommutative tori. We also develop a gerbe
theoretic approach to the chiral anomaly in hamiltonian quantization of NCG
field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5718 </DOCNO>
Ansiotropic s- wave superconductivity in borocarbides LuNi2B2C and


  The symmetry of superconductivity in borocarbides LuNi2B2C and YNi2B2C is an
outstanding issue. Here an anisotropic s- wave order parameter (or s+g model)
is proposed for these borocarbides. In spite of the dominant s- wave component
the proposed superconducting order parameter has nodes and gives rise to the
H^(1/2) dependent specific heat in the vortex state (the Volovik effect). This
model predicts the fourfold symmetry both in the angular dependent thermal
conductivity and in the excess Dingle temperature in the vortex state, which
should be readily accessible experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148554 </DOCNO>
D(NA)-Branes


  We engineer a configuration of branes in type IIB string theory whose
mechanical structure is that of a DNA molecule. We obtain it by considering a
T-dual description of the quantum Hall soliton. Using a probe analysis, we
investigate the dynamics of the system and show that it is stable against
radial perturbations. We exercise a certain amount of restraint in discussing
applications to biophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74881 </DOCNO>
The Structure of Screening in QED


  The possibility of constructing charged particles in gauge theories has long
been the subject of debate. In the context of QED we have shown how to
construct operators which have a particle description. In this paper we further
support this programme by showing how the screening interactions arise between
these charges. Unexpectedly we see that there are two different gauge invariant
contributions with opposite signs. Their difference gives the expected result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76417 </DOCNO>
Light scalar meson spectrum


  We discuss the classification of the light scalar mesons with mass below 2
GeV into q qbar nonets and glueballs. The information on production and decay
of these states, in particular recent information on f_0(980), f_0(400-1200)
(or sigma(600)) and f_0(1500) is considered. Although the data are not yet very
precise the recent information is in favour of the previously developed scheme
which includes f_0(980), a_0(980), K_0^*(1430), f_0(1500) into the lightest
scalar nonet. The glueball in this approach appears as broad object around 1
GeV. Alternative schemes find the glueball at somewhat higher mass or suggest
his mixing with q qbar states spread over a similar mass range. We do not see
sufficient evidence yet for a light scalar nonet below 1 GeV around a
sigma(600) resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114349 </DOCNO>
An XML Driven Framework for Test Control and Data Analysis


  An extensible, component-based framework has been developed at Fermilab to
promote software reuse and provide a common platform for developing a family of
test and data analysis systems. The framework allows for configuring
applications from components through the use of XML configurations. It can be
easily extended by adding new components and many application independent
components are already provided with the framework. The core of the system has
been developed in Java which guarantees its portability and facilitates the use
of object-oriented development technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128964 </DOCNO>
A gamma Doradus star campaign


  We report on the results from a large photometric campaign on thirty five
gamma Dor star candidates undertaken at the Institute of Astronomy of the
University of Leuven in the framework of the Flanders -- South-Africa grant. An
overview of the data, as well as the results of the analysis of the obtained
time series are presented, the main conclusion being that nine stars are
thought to be multiperiodic gamma Dor stars and eight monoperiodic. We also
performed a photometric mode identification for two stars of the sample by
comparing the amplitude ratios in the different passbands of the Geneva
photometric system. Both stars seem to pulsate in non-radial modes of degree
l=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123993 </DOCNO>
Surface Photometric Calibration of the Infrared Tully-Fisher Relation


  Infrared J and H surface photometry are carried out for nearby 12 galaxies
whose distances have been accurately measured via HST Cepheid observations.
Using the total, isophotal, and surface-photometric aperture magnitudes we
calibrate the infrared luminosity-line width relation (IRTF). It is found that
IRTF changes its slope at log W_{20}^c=2.45 in all the examined magnitude
systems. The apparent scatter of IRTF is not significantly reduced when surface
photometric magnitudes are used instead of the conventionally used synthetic
aperture magnitude H_{-0.5}. It is also shown that the color (I-H)_T of the
nearby calibrator galaxies is redder by 0.2mag than the Coma cluster galaxies,
but such a trend is not clearly visible for the Ursa Major mostly because of
poor statistics. The color offset of the Coma is analogous to that previously
found in I_T-H_{-0.5}. From the present calibration of H-band IRTF, we obtain
the distance to the Coma cluster to be m-M=34.94 +/- 0.13mag, where no account
is taken of the I-H color problem. Using the CMB-rest recession velocity of the
Coma cluster we obtain H_0=73 +/- 4 km/s/Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97955 </DOCNO>
Marsden-Weinstein reduction for symplectic connections


  We propose a reduction procedure for symplectic connections with symmetry.
This is applied to coadjoint orbits whose isotropy is reductive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5110 </DOCNO>
Ab initio calculation of the thermal properties of Cu: Performance of


  The thermal properties of bulk copper are investigated by performing ab
initio DFT and DFPT calculations and using the quasiharmonic approximation for
the free energy. Using both the LDA and the GGA for the exchange-correlation
potential, we compute the temperature dependence of the lattice constant,
coefficient of thermal expansion, bulk modulus, pressure derivative of the bulk
modulus, phonon frequencies, Grueneisen parameters, and the electronic and
phonon contributions to the specific heats at constant volume and constant
pressure. We obtain answers in closer agreement with experiment than those
obtained from more approximate earlier treatments. The LDA/GGA errors in
computing anharmonic quantities are significantly smaller than those in
harmonic quantities. We argue that this should be a general feature, and also
argue that LDA/GGA errors should increase with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174628 </DOCNO>
g-Factors and the Interplay of Collective and Single-Particle Degrees of


  Interplay of collective and single-particle degrees of freedom is a common
phenomenon in strongly correlated many-body systems. Despite many successful
efforts in the study of superdeformed nuclei, there is still unexplored physics
that can be best understood only through the nuclear magnetic properties. We
point out that study of the gyromagnetic factor (g-factor) may open a unique
opportunity for understanding superdeformed structure. Our calculations suggest
that investigation of the g-factor dependence on spin and particle number can
provide important information on single-particle structure and its interplay
with collective motion in the superdeformed mass-190 nuclei. Modern
experimental techniques combined with the new generation of sensitive detectors
should be capable of testing our predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72912 </DOCNO>
Status of 3-neutrino and 4-neutrino scenarios


  Some aspects of the current neutrino oscillation phenomenology are briefly
discussed, with emphasis on the status of mass-mixing parameters relevant for
scenarios with three active neutrinos, and with an additional fourth sterile
neutrino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148195 </DOCNO>
Curved BPS domain wall solutions in four-dimensional N=2 supergravity


  We construct four-dimensional domain wall solutions of N=2 gauged
supergravity coupled to vector and to hypermultiplets. The gauged supergravity
theories that we consider are obtained by performing two types of Abelian
gauging. In both cases we find that the behaviour of the scalar fields
belonging to the vector multiplets is governed by the so-called attractor
equations known from the study of BPS black hole solutions in ungauged N=2
supergravity theories. The scalar fields belonging to the hypermultiplets, on
the other hand, are either constant or exhibit a run-away behaviour. These
domain wall solutions preserve 1/2 of supersymmetry and they are, in general,
curved. We briefly comment on the amount of supersymmetry preserved by domain
wall solutions in gauged supergravity theories obtained by more general
gaugings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169003 </DOCNO>
Four qubits can be entangled in nine different ways


  We consider a single copy of a pure four-partite state of qubits and
investigate its behaviour under the action of stochastic local quantum
operations assisted by classical communication (SLOCC). This leads to a
complete classification of all different classes of pure states of four-qubits.
It is shown that there exist nine families of states corresponding to nine
different ways of entangling four qubits. The states in the generic family give
rise to GHZ-like entanglement. The other ones contain essentially 2- or 3-qubit
entanglement distributed among the four parties. The concept of concurrence and
3-tangle is generalized to the case of mixed states of 4 qubits, giving rise to
a seven parameter family of entanglement monotones. Finally, the SLOCC
operations maximizing all these entanglement monotones are derived, yielding
the optimal single copy distillation protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129306 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Structure of the Universe and Cosmological Perturbation


  We review the formalism and applications of non-linear perturbation theory
(PT) to understanding the large-scale structure of the Universe. We first
discuss the dynamics of gravitational instability, from the linear to the
non-linear regime. This includes Eulerian and Lagrangian PT, non-linear
approximations, and a brief description of numerical simulation techniques. We
then cover the basic statistical tools used in cosmology to describe cosmic
fields, such as correlations functions in real and Fourier space, probability
distribution functions, cumulants and generating functions. In subsequent
sections we review the use of PT to make quantitative predictions about these
statistics according to initial conditions, including effects of possible non
Gaussianity of the primordial fields. Results are illustrated by detailed
comparisons of PT predictions with numerical simulations. The last sections
deal with applications to observations. First we review in detail practical
estimators of statistics in galaxy catalogs and related errors, including
traditional approaches and more recent developments. Then, we consider the
effects of the bias between the galaxy distribution and the matter
distribution, the treatment of redshift distortions in three-dimensional
surveys and of projection effects in angular catalogs, and some applications to
weak gravitational lensing. We finally review the current observational
situation regarding statistics in galaxy catalogs and what the future
generation of galaxy surveys promises to deliver.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98992 </DOCNO>
Pole structure of the Hamiltonian $\zeta$-function for a singular


  We study the pole structure of the $\zeta$-function associated to the
Hamiltonian $H$ of a quantum mechanical particle living in the half-line
$\mathbf{R}^+$, subject to the singular potential $g x^{-2}+x^2$. We show that
$H$ admits nontrivial self-adjoint extensions (SAE) in a given range of values
of the parameter $g$. The $\zeta$-functions of these operators present poles
which depend on $g$ and, in general, do not coincide with half an integer (they
can even be irrational). The corresponding residues depend on the SAE
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148117 </DOCNO>
Spinors, superalgebras and the signature of space-time


  Superconformal algebras embedding space-time in any dimension and signature
are considered. Different real forms of the $R$-symmetries arise both for usual
space-time signature (one time) and for Euclidean or exotic signatures (more
than one times). Application of these superalgebras are found in the context of
supergravities with 32 supersymmetries, in any dimension $D \leq 11$. These
theories are related to $D = 11, M, M^*$ and $M^\prime$ theories or $D = 10$,
IIB, IIB$^*$ theories when compactified on Lorentzian tori. All dimensionally
reduced theories fall in three distinct phases specified by the number of (128
bosonic) positive and negative norm states: $(n^+,n^-) = (128,0), (64,64),
(72,56)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6464 </DOCNO>
Quadratic transverse anisotropy term due to dislocations in Mn12-Ac


  High-Sensitivity Electron Paramagnetic Resonance experiments have been
carried out in fresh and stressed Mn12-Acetate single crystals for frequencies
ranging from 40 GHz up to 110 GHz. The high number of crystal dislocations
formed in the stressing process introduces a E(S_x^2-S_y^2) transverse
anisotropy term in the spin hamiltonian. From the behaviour of the resonant
absorptions on the applied transverse magnetic field we have obtained an
average value for E = 22 mK, corresponding to a concentration of dislocations
per unit cell of c = 10^-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5660 </DOCNO>
Deterministic motion of the controversial piston in the thermodynamic


  We study the evolution of a system composed of N non-interacting point
particles of mass m in an adiabatic container of length 2L and cross-section A,
separated in two regions by a movable wall (the piston) of mass $M\gg m$. The
piston is constrained to move along the x-axis and undergoes elastic collisions
with the gas particles. We study the thermodynamic limit for the piston, i.e.
$M\to\infty$ with $A/M$ and $N/M$ fixed, which is the only case where the
piston is strictly adiabatic. We show that the motion of the piston is purely
deterministic; moreover if the limit $L\to\infty$ is considered, the system
reaches a stationary state with velocity proportional to the pressure
difference. In the case of finite length L, we introduce a simplifying
assumption and show that the system evolves to a state of mechanical
equilibrium where the pressures are the same but the temperatures different.
Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the possible evolutions and
to check the assumption done above. They also allow the comparison with the
finite-mass situation, in which the motion of the piston exhibits a stochastic
component; in this case the joint effect of recollisions and fluctuations in
the piston motion induce heat conduction and relaxation towards thermal
equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40961 </DOCNO>
Extraction of R = sigma_L/sigma_T from CCFR nu_mu-Fe and nubar_mu-Fe


  We report on the extraction of R=sigma_L/sigma_T from CCFR nu_mu-Fe and
nubar_mu-Fe differential cross sections. The CCFR differential cross sections
do not show the deviations from the QCD expectations that are seen in the CDHSW
data at very low and very high x. R as measured in nu_mu scattering is in
agreement with R as measured in muon and electron scattering. All data on R for
Q^2 > 1 GeV^2 are in agreement with a NNLO QCD calculation which includes
target mass effects. We report on the first measurements of R in the low x and
Q^2 < 1 GeV^2 region (where an anomalous large rise in R for nuclear targets
has been observed by the HERMES collaboration).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41631 </DOCNO>
CPT and Lorentz Violations in Neutrino Oscillations


  Tests of Lorentz invariance violation and CPT Violation in neutrino
oscillations are discussed. The sensitivity of current and future experiments
is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2848 </DOCNO>
Correlation-function spectroscopy of inelastic lifetime in heavily doped


  Measurements of resonant tunneling through a localized impurity state are
used to probe fluctuations in the local density of states of heavily doped
GaAs. The measured differential conductance is analyzed in terms of correlation
functions with respect to voltage. A qualitative picture based on the scaling
theory of Thouless is developed to relate the observed fluctuations to the
statistics of single particle wavefunctions. In a quantitative theory
correlation functions are calculated. By comparing the experimental and
theoretical correlation functions the effective dimensionality of the emitter
is analyzed and the dependence of the inelastic lifetime on energy is
extracted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169259 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Fun and frustration with quarkonium in a 1+1 dimension," by


  The Dirac equation in a 1+1 dimension with the Lorentz scalar potential g|x|
is approached. It is claimed that the eigenfunctions are proportional to the
parabolic cylinder functions instead Hermite polynomials. Numerical evaluation
of the quantization condition does not result in frustration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150052 </DOCNO>
On the Space-Time Symmetries of Non-Commutative Gauge Theories


  We study the space-time symmetries and transformation properties of the
non-commutative U(1) gauge theory, by using Noether charges. We carry out our
analysis by keeping an open view on the possible ways $\theta^{\mu \nu}$ could
transform. We conclude that $\theta^{\mu \nu}$ cannot transform under any
space-time transformation since the theory is not invariant under the conformal
transformations, with the only exception of space-time translations. The same
analysis applies to other gauge groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41730 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Charm CP Violation Studies in BTeV


  The BTeV experiment at Fermilab could reconstruct >10^9 charm decays, three
orders of magnitude beyond the largest extant sample. The experiment is likely
to run during Tevatron Run II. It will have significant new-physics reach in
the areas of charm CP violation, flavor-changing neutral-current and
lepton-number-violating decays, and D0 anti-D0 mixing, and could observe direct
CP violation in Cabibbo-suppressed D decays if it occurs at the level predicted
by the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74051 </DOCNO>
LSND effect as a Chooz-restricted "sterile" perturbation of


  Considering the hypothesis of mixing of three active neutrinos with, at
least, one sterile neutrino, we report on a simple $4\times 4$ texture whose $
3 \times 3 $ part arises from the popular bimaximal texture for three active
neutrinos $ \nu_e, \nu_\mu, \nu_\tau $, where $ c_{12} = 1/\sqrt{2} = s_{12}$,
$ c_{23} = 1/\sqrt{2} = s_{23}$ and $ s_{13} = 0$. Such a $3\times 3 $
bimaximal texture is perturbed through a rotation in the 14 plane, where $\nu_4
$ is the extra neutrino mass state induced by the sterile neutrino $\nu_s $
which becomes responsible for the LSND effect. Then, with $m^2_1\simeq m^2_2$
we predict that $\sin^2 2\theta_{\rm atm} = {1/2}(1+ c^2_{14}) \sim 0.99$ and
$\sin^2 2\theta_{\rm LSND} = {1/2}s^4_{14} \sim 4.5\times10^{-4}$, and in
addition $ \Delta m^2_{\rm atm} = \Delta m^2_{32}$ and $ \Delta m^2_{\rm LSND}
= |\Delta m^2_{41}|$, where $c^2_{14} = \sin^2 2\theta_{\rm sol} \sim 0.97$ and
$\Delta m^2_{21} = \Delta m^2_{\rm sol} \sim 10^{-7} {\rm eV}^2$ if {\it e.g.}
the LOW solar solution is applied. In this four-neutrino texture with $m^2_1
\simeq m^2_2 $ the sum rule $\sin^2 2 \theta_{\rm sol} + {1/2}\sin^2 2
\theta_{\rm Chooz} + \sin^2 2 \theta_{\rm LSND} = 1$ holds in the two-flavor
approximation (for each of three cases), leaving room for the LSND effect,
depending on the magnitude of Chooz effect that, not observed so far, leads (at
present) to the upper bound $\sin^2 2\theta_{\rm LSND}\stackrel{<}{\sim}
1.3\times10^{-3}$ and the lower bound $\sin^2 2\theta_{\rm sol}
\stackrel{>}{\sim} 0.95$. At the end a four-neutrino seesaw mechanism is
sketched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169001 </DOCNO>
Coherent Control of Magneto-optical Rotation in Inhomogeneously


  We extend our earlier investigations [Opt. Commun. {\bf 179}, 97 (2000)] on
the enhancement of magneto-optical rotation (MOR) to include inhomogeneous
broadening. We introduce a control field that counter-propagates with respect
to the probe field. We derive analytical results for the susceptibilities
corresponding to the two circular polarization components of the probe field.
  From the analytical results we identify and numerically demonstrate the
region of parameters where significantly large magneto-optical rotation (MOR)
can be obtained. From the numerical results we isolate the significance of the
magnetic field and the control field in enhancement of MOR. The control field
opens up many new regions of the frequencies of the probe where large
magneto-optical rotation occurs. We also report that a large enhancement of MOR
can be obtained by operating the probe and control field in two-photon
resonance condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4593 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Critical Phenomena in Trapped Bose Gases


  Nonlinear dynamics of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate, subject to the
action of a resonant external field, is studied. This field produces a
spatio-temporal modulation of the trapping potential with the frequency close
to the transition frequency between the ground state and a higher energy level.
The evolution equations of fractional populations display a kind of critical
phenomena at a critical line on the manifold of the system parameters. It is
demonstrated that there exists a direct analogy between dynamical instability
at this line and critical phenomena at a critical line of a related averaged
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98939 </DOCNO>
Around heat decay on forms and relations of nilpotent Lie group


  One knows that the large time heat decay exponent on a nilpotent group is
given by half the growing rate of the volume of its large balls. This work
deals with the similar problem of trying to interpret geometrically the heat
decay on (one) forms. We will show how it is (partially) related to the depth
of the relations required to define the group. The tools used apply in general
on Carnot-Caratheodory manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129547 </DOCNO>
The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Northern Sky Survey of Galactic Ionized


  The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) has completed a one-degree resolution,
velocity-resolved northern sky survey of H-alpha emission from our Galaxy. The
unprecedented sensitivity of the instrument and accurate spectral subtraction
of atmospheric features allow us to detect Galactic features as faint as 0.1
Rayleighs (EM ~ 0.25 cm^{-6} pc). This survey allows a direct comparison of the
ionized and neutral components of the ISM on a global scale for the first time.
All-sky maps of H-alpha emission in select velocity bands highlight the rich
kinematic structure of the Galaxy's ionized gas. The full set of data from the
WHAM survey is now available at http://www.astro.wisc.edu/wham/. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 941 </DOCNO>
Stripe orientation in an anisotropic t-J model


  The tilt pattern of the CuO_6 octahedra in the LTT phase of the cuprate
superconductors leads to planar anisotropies for the exchange coupling and
hopping integrals. Here, we show that these anisotropies provide a possible
structural mechanism for the orientation of stripes. A t_x-t_y-J_x-J_y model
thus serves as an effective Hamiltonian to describe stripe formation and
orientation in LTT-phase cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128865 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Relativistic Magnetized Blast Waves


  The dynamics of a relativistic blast wave propagating through magnetized
medium is considered taking into account possible inhomogeneities of density
and magnetic field and additional energy supply. Under the simplifying
assumption of a spherically symmetric explosion in a medium with toroidal
magnetic field self-similar solutions for the internal dynamics of the flow are
derived. In the weakly magnetized case, when the bulk of the flow may be
described by the unmagnetized solutions, there is a strongly magnetized sheath
near the contact discontinuity (when it exists). Self-similar solutions inside
the sheath are investigated. In the opposite limit of strongly magnetized
upstream plasma new analytical self-similar solutions are found. Possible
application to the physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76161 </DOCNO>
Collective modes in color superconducting matter


  The properties of plasmons, Nambu-Goldstone bosons and gapless
Carlson-Goldman collective modes in color-flavor locked phase of color
superconducting dense quark matter at finite temperature are reviewed. A
possibility of a kaon condensation with an abnormal number of the NG bosons is
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5339 </DOCNO>
Fracture model with variable range of interaction


  We introduce a fiber bundle model where the interaction among fibers is
modeled by an adjustable stress-transfer function which can interpolate between
the two limiting cases of load redistribution, the global and the local load
sharing schemes. By varying the range of interaction several features of the
model are numerically studied and a crossover from mean field to short range
behavior is obtained. The properties of the two regimes and the emergence of
the crossover in between are explored by numerically studying the dependence of
the ultimate strength of the material on the system size, the distribution of
avalanches of breakings, and of the cluster sizes of broken fibers. Finally, we
analyze the moments of the cluster size distributions to accurately determine
the value at which the crossover is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150096 </DOCNO>
Exact String Solutions and the Open String - D-Brane System in


  New exact string solutions in non-constant background fields are found and it
is shown that some of them are compatible with the boundary conditions for the
open string - D-brane system. Extension of the constraint algebra is proposed
and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149254 </DOCNO>
Introduction to M(atrix) theory and noncommutative geometry, Part II


  This review paper is a continuation of hep-th/0012145 and it deals primarily
with noncommutative ${\mathbb R}^{d}$ spaces. We start with a discussion of
various algebras of smooth functions on noncommutative ${\mathbb R}^{d}$ that
have different asymptotic behavior at infinity. We pay particular attention to
the differences arising when working with nonunital algebras and the unitized
ones obtained by adjoining the unit element. After introducing main objects of
noncommutative geometry over those algebras such as inner products, modules,
connections, etc., we continue with a study of soliton and instanton solutions
in field theories defined on these spaces. The discussion of solitons includes
the basic facts regarding the exact soliton solutions in the Yang-Mills-Higgs
systems as well as an elementary discussion of approximate solitons in scalar
theories in the $\theta \to \infty$ limit. We concentrate on the module
structure and topological numbers characterizing the solitons. The section on
instantons contains a thorough description of noncommutative ADHM construction,
a discussion of gauge triviality conditions at infinity and the structure of a
module underlying the ADHM instanton solution. Although some familiarity with
general ideas of noncommutative geometry reviewed in the first part is expected
from the reader, this part is largely independent from the first one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3069 </DOCNO>
Breathers in a single plaquette of Josephson junctions: existence,


  We present a theoretical study of inhomogeneous dynamic (resistive) states in
a single plaquette consisting of three Josephson junctions. These breather
states are found to exist in a large range of control parameters (dc bias,
anisotropy and self inductance). We perform an analytical analysis of these
states, and their stability and resonance behaviour. Numerical calculations
confirm our results and show that instabilities arise due to resonant
interactions between the breather and electromagnetic oscillations mediated by
the breather state. These instabilities manifest themselves by various
nonlinearities, resonant steps and voltage jumps in the current-voltage
characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72818 </DOCNO>
On the D^+ --> omega pi^+ decay


  The D^+ --> omega + pi^+ decay is studied by decomposing its amplitude into a
sum of factorizable and non-factorizable ones. Its rate is predicted as a
function of mass and width of a hypothetical hybrid meson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128208 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Simulations of the Plunging Region in a Pseudo-Newtonian


  New three dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accretion disk
dynamics in a pseudo-Newtonian Paczynski-Wiita potential are presented. These
have finer resolution in the inner disk than any previously reported. Finer
resolution leads to increased magnetic field strength, greater accretion rate,
and greater fluctuations in the accretion rate. One simulation begins with a
purely poloidal magnetic field, the other with a purely toroidal field.
Compared to the poloidal initial field simulation, a purely toroidal initial
field takes longer to reach saturation of the magnetorotational instability and
produces less turbulence and weaker magnetic field energies. For both initial
field configurations, magnetic stresses continue across the marginally stable
orbit; measured in units corresponding to the Shakura-Sunyaev alpha parameter,
the stress grows from ~0.1 in the disk body to as much as ~10 deep in the
plunging region. Matter passing the inner boundary of the simulation has ~10%
greater binding energy and ~10% smaller angular momentum than it did at the
marginally stable orbit. Both the mass accretion rate and the integrated stress
fluctuate widely on a broad range of timescales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76886 </DOCNO>
The (g-2)_mu data and the lightest Higgs boson in 2HDM(II)


  The present limits on the lightest Higgs boson in 2HDM (II) in light of the
new E821 measurement of g-2 for the muon are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99000 </DOCNO>
Projective moduli space of semistable principal sheaves for a reductive


  Let X be a smooth projective complex variety, and let G be an algebraic
reductive complex group. We define the notion of principal G-sheaf, that
generalises the notion of principal G-bundle. Then we define a notion of
semistability, and construct the projective moduli space of semistable
principal G-sheaves on X. This is a natural compactification of the moduli
space of principal G-bundles.
  This is the announcement note presented by the second author in the
conference held at Catania (11-13 April 2001), dedicated to the 60th birthday
of Silvio Greco. Detailed proofs will appear elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168720 </DOCNO>
Some Consequences of the Law of Local Energy Conservation in


  At electromagnetic interactions of particles there arises defect of masses,
i.e. the energy is liberated since the particles of the different charges are
attracted. It is shown that this change of the effective mass of a particle in
the external electrical field (of a nucleus) results in displacement of atomic
levels of electrons. The expressions describing these velocity changes and
displacement of energy levels of electrons in the atom are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81024 </DOCNO>
An Observation of Autocorrelation of Wilson Loops on Lattice


  An observation of autocorrelation of Wilson loops on lattice is presented,
especially for the small seperation in Markov chain. We give a possible
explanation for such behavior. We also present the dependence of
autocorrelation behavior on the chosen operators in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86768 </DOCNO>
The metric in the superspace of Riemannian metrics and its relation to


  The space of all Riemannian metrics is infinite-dimensional. Nevertheless a
great deal of usual Riemannian geometry can be carried over. The superspace of
all Riemannian metrics shall be endowed with a class of Riemannian metrics;
their curvature and invariance properties are discussed. Just one of this class
has the property to bring the lagrangian of General Relativity into the form of
a classical particle's motion. The signature of the superspace metric depends
in a non-trivial manner on the signature of the original metric, we derive the
corresponding formula. Our approach is a local one: the essence is a metric in
the space of all symmetric rank-two tensors, and then the space becomes a
warped product of the real line with an Einstein space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74690 </DOCNO>
Discovering Long Wavelength Neutrino Oscillations in the Distorted


  We investigate the muon neutrino event rate in km$^3$ neutrino telescopes due
to a number of galactic supernova remnants expected on the basis of these
objects' known $\gamma$-ray signals. We evaluate the potential of these
neutrino signals to exhibit evidence of the sub-dominant neutrino oscillations
expected in various neutrino mixing schemes including pseudo-Dirac scenarios
and the Exact Parity Model. With ten years' data, neutrino signals from Sgr A
East should either discover or exclude neutrino oscillations governed by a
$\delta m^2$ parameter in the range $10^{-12}$ to $10^{-15}$ eV$^2$. Such a
capability is not available to terrestrial or solar system neutrino
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168980 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing in a Macroscopic Dark Period


  Decoherence-free subspaces allow for the preparation of coherent and
entangled qubits for quantum computing. Decoherence can be dramatically
reduced, yet dissipation is an integral part of the scheme in generating stable
qubits and manipulating them via one and two bit gate operations. How this
works can be understood by comparing the system with a three-level atom
exhibiting a macroscopic dark period. In addition, a dynamical explanation is
given for a scheme based on atoms inside an optical cavity in the strong
coupling regime and we show how spontaneous emission by the atoms can be highly
suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81123 </DOCNO>
Canonical Differential Calculi For Finitely Generated Abelian Group and


  Canonical differential calculus is defined for finitely generated abelian
group with an involution existing consistently. Two such canonical calculi are
found out. Fermionic representation for canonical calculus is defined based on
quantized calculus. Fermionic representations for above-mentioned two canonical
calculi are searched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124486 </DOCNO>
The Peculiar Type Ia Supernova 1999by: Spectroscopy at Early Epochs


  We present medium resolution (lambda/Delta lambda = 2500) optical
spectroscopy of SN 1999by in NGC 2841 made around its light maximum. The depth
ratio of the two Si II features at 5800 AA and 6150 AA being R(SiII) approx.
0.63 at maximum indicates that this SN belongs to the peculiar, sub-luminous
SNe Ia. Radial velocities inferred from the minimum of the 6150 AA trough
reveal a steeper decline of the velocity curve than expected for ``normal'' SNe
Ia, consistent with the behavior of published VRI light curves. A revised
absolute magnitude of SN 1999by and distance to its host galaxy NGC 2841 is
estimated based on the Multi-Color Light Curve Shape (MLCS) method, resulting
in M_V(max)=-18.06+/- 0.1 mag and d = 17.1+/-1.2 Mpc, respectively. An
approximative linear dependence of the luminosity parameter Delta on R(SiII) is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149244 </DOCNO>
Inflation in String Theory and how you can get out of it


  Inflation is now a basic ingredient of the modern cosmology. After reviewing
the basic characteristics of inflation, we briefly discuss inflation in string
and brane theories, focusing on the problem of the exit from inflation in these
theories. We present a model, based on type-0 string theory, in which our
universe after the inflationary phase, passes smoothly to a flat
Robertson-Walker universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97447 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-Hermiticity versus PT Symmetry: The necessary condition for the


  We introduce the notion of pseudo-Hermiticity and show that every
Hamiltonian with a real spectrum is pseudo-Hermitian. We point out that all the
PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians studied in the literature belong to
the class of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and argue that the basic structure
responsible for the particular spectral properties of these Hamiltonians is
their pseudo-Hermiticity. We explore the basic properties of general
pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, develop pseudo-supersymmetric quantum
mechanics, and study some concrete examples, namely the Hamiltonian of the
two-component Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the FRW-models coupled to a real
massive scalar field and a class of pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians with a real
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3124 </DOCNO>
Tunneling decay in a magnetic field


  We provide a semiclassical theory of tunneling decay in a magnetic field and
a three-dimensional potential of a general form. Because of broken
time-reversal symmetry, the standard WKB technique has to be modified. The
decay rate is found from the analysis of the set of the particle Hamiltonian
trajectories in complex phase space and time. In a magnetic field, the
tunneling particle comes out from the barrier with a finite velocity and behind
the boundary of the classically allowed region. The exit location is obtained
by matching the decaying and outgoing WKB waves at a caustic in complex
configuration space. Different branches of the WKB wave function match on the
switching surface in real space, where the slope of the wave function sharply
changes. The theory is not limited to tunneling from potential wells which are
parabolic near the minimum. For parabolic wells, we provide a bounce-type
formulation in a magnetic field. The theory is applied to specific models which
are relevant to tunneling from correlated two-dimensional electron systems in a
magnetic field parallel to the electron layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124433 </DOCNO>
Constraining the Cosmological Parameters using Strong Lensing


  We investigate the potentiality of using strong lensing clusters to constrain
the cosmological parameters \Omega_m and \Omega_\lambda. The existence of a
multiple image system with known redshift allows, for a given
(\Omega_m,\Omega_\lambda) cosmology, absolute calibration of the total mass
deduced from lens modelling. Recent Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations
of galaxy clusters reveal a large number of multiple images, which are
predicted to be at different redshifts. If it is possible to measure
spectroscopically the redshift of many multiple images then one can in
principle constrain (\Omega_m, \Omega_\lambda) through ratios of diameter
angular distances, independently of any external assumptions. For a
regular/relaxed cluster observed by HSTwith 3 multiple image systems, each with
different spectroscopic redshifts, we show by analytic calculation that the
following uncertainties can be expected: \Omega_m=0.3 +/- 0.25,
\Omega_\lambda=0.7 +/- 0.5 or \Omega_m=1. +/- 0.4, \Omega_\lambda=0. +/-1.1 for
the two most popular world models. Numerical tests on simulated data confirm
the good constraints obtainable by this method, even in the case of more
realistic cluster potentials, such as bimodal clusters, or when including
galaxies perturbation. These constraints can be improved if more than 3
multiple images with spectroscopic redshifts are observed, or by combining the
results from different clusters. Finally, combining such results with other
cosmological tests should improve our knowledge on the cosmological world
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129282 </DOCNO>
Observational Tests of FRW World Models


  Observational tests for the Cosmological Principle are reviewed. Assuming the
FRW metric we then summarize estimates of cosmological parameters from various
data sets, in particular the Cosmic Microwave Background and the 2dF galaxy
redshift survey. These and other analyses suggest a best-fit Lambda-Cold Dark
Matter model with Omega_m = 1 - Omega_lambda = 0.3 and H_0 = 70 km/sec/Mpc. It
is remarkable that different measurements converge to this `concordance model',
although it remains to be seen if the two main components of this model, the
dark matter and the dark energy, are real entities or just `epicycles'. We
point out some open questions related to this fashionable model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41783 </DOCNO>
Search for CP Violation in \tau -> K\pi\nu_\tau Decays


  We search and find no evidence for CP violation in tau decays into the K pi
nu final state. We provide confidence limits on the imaginary part of the
coupling constant Lambda, describing a relative contribution of the CP
violating processes with respect to the Standard Model, to be -0.155 <
Im(Lambda) < 0.047 at 90% C.L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 63 </DOCNO>
Polymer depletion interaction between two parallel repulsive walls


  The depletion interaction between two parallel repulsive walls confining a
dilute solution of long and flexible polymer chains is studied by
field-theoretic methods. Special attention is paid to self-avoidance between
chain monomers relevant for polymers in a good solvent. Our direct approach
avoids the mapping of the actual polymer chains on effective hard or soft
spheres. We compare our results with recent Monte Carlo simulations [A. Milchev
and K. Binder, Eur. Phys. J. B 3, 477 (1998)] and with experimental results for
the depletion interaction between a spherical colloidal particle and a planar
wall in a dilute solution of nonionic polymers [D. Rudhardt, C. Bechinger, and
P. Leiderer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1330 (1998)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126525 </DOCNO>
Westbrook's Molecular Gun: Discovery of Near-IR Micro-Structures in AFGL


  We present high-sensitivity near-IR images of a carbon-rich proto-planetary
nebula, AFGL 618, obtained with the Subaru Telescope. These images have
revealed ``bullets'' and ``horns'' extending farther out from the edges of the
previously known bipolar lobes. The spatial coincidence between these near-IR
micro-structures and the optical collimated outflow structure, together with
the detection of shock-excited, forbidden IR lines of atomic species, strongly
suggests that these bullets and horns represent the locations from which
[\ion{Fe}{2}] IR lines arise. We have also discovered CO clumps moving at $>
200$ km s$^{-1}$ at the positions of the near-IR bullets by re-analyzing the
existing $^{12}$CO $J=1-0$ interferometry data. These findings indicate that
the near-IR micro-structures represent the positions of shocked surfaces at
which fast-moving molecular clumps interface with the ambient circumstellar
shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87148 </DOCNO>
The embedding of the spacetime in five-dimensional spaces with arbitrary


  We discuss and prove a theorem which asserts that any n-dimensional
semi-Riemannian manifold can be locally embedded in a (n+1)-dimensional space
with a non-degenerate Ricci tensor which is equal, up to a local analytic
diffeomorphism, to the Ricci tensor of an arbitrary specified space. This may
be regarded as a further extension of the Campbell-Magaard theorem. We
highlight the significance of embedding theorems of increasing degrees of
generality in the context of higher dimensional spacetimes theories and
illustrate the new theorem by establishing the embedding of a general class of
Ricci-flat spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126947 </DOCNO>
A New Distance Estimator and Spatial Distribution of GRBS Observed by


  We propose a redshift estimator for the long ($T_{90} > 20$) gamma-ray bursts
(GRBs) observed by the BATSE. It is based on an empirical relation between the
redshift and the power-law index of power density spectra (PDSs) of the
observed GRBs. This relation is constructed by using the fact that the
power-law index is dependent upon a characteristic timescale of GRB light
curves which are inevitably stretched by cosmological time dilation. We
construct the empirical relation using both individual PDSs and averaged PDSs.
An error estimates of $z$ are 1.09 and 1.11 for the empirical relation by
individual PDS fits, 1.72 and 1.56 by averaged PDS fits, for the least squares
fit and the maximum likelihood fit, respectively. We attempt to determine the
spatial distribution of the GRBs observed by the BATSE as a function of
redshifts on the basis of the resulting redshift estimator. We find that the
obtained spatial distribution of the observed GRBs seems consistent with that
of the GRBs whose redshifts are reported, even though the estimated errors are
not very accurate. The GRBs observed by the BATSE seem distributed within $z
\sim 5-6$. This result has implications on theoretical calculations of stellar
formations at high redshifts and beaming geometry via a statistical study of
the observed GRBs involving beaming-induced luminosity functions. We discuss
such implications, and possible uncertainties of the suggested method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74223 </DOCNO>
Hybrid Quintessence with an End or Quintessence from Branes and Large


  We describe a model of hybrid quintessence in which in addition to the
tracker field there is a trigger field which is responsible for ending
quintessence. As a result, hybrid quintessence does not suffer from the
problems associated with the eternal acceleration of the universe. We derive
the hybrid quintessence potential on branes from the interbrane interaction in
string theory and show that it requires TeV scale strings and two millimeter
size dimensions. This scenario predicts a dark energy density of $O(mm^{-4})$
and relates the smallness of this energy to the large size of the extra
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41288 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Expectations for the Muon's Electric Dipole Moment


  We examine the muon's electric dipole moment $\dmu$ from a variety of
theoretical perspectives. We point out that the reported deviation in the
muon's g-2 can be due partially or even entirely to a new physics contribution
to the muon's {\em electric} dipole moment. In fact, the recent g-2 measurement
provides the most stringent bound on $\dmu$ to date. This ambiguity could be
definitively resolved by the dedicated search for $\dmu$ recently proposed. We
then consider both model-independent and supersymmetric frameworks. Under the
assumptions of scalar degeneracy, proportionality, and flavor conservation, the
theoretical expectations for $\dmu$ in supersymmetry fall just below the
proposed sensitivity. However, non-degeneracy can give an order of magnitude
enhancement, and lepton flavor violation can lead to $\dmu$ of order $10^{-22}$
e cm, two orders of magnitude above the sensitivity of the $\dmu$ experiment.
We present compact expressions for leptonic dipole moments and lepton flavor
violating amplitudes. We also derive new limits on the amount of flavor
violation allowed and demonstrate that approximations previously used to obtain
such limits are highly inaccurate in much of parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75253 </DOCNO>
Effective Neutrino Mass Operators: A Guide to Model Building


  Effective operators relevant for generating small Majorana masses for the
neutrinos in the Standard Model will be considered. These operators serve as a
useful guide for building models of neutrino mass. Some of these operators are
represented by familiar models in the literature, and others lead to
interesting new models. The number of relevant operators will be drastically
reduced if neutrinoless double beta decays are observed in current experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174688 </DOCNO>
Production and collective behavior of strange particles in Au + Au


  The E895 experiment at the AGS measured strange particle production and
collective behavior in Au+Au collisions between 2--8 AGeV. The production of
$\Lambda$ Baryons and K$^0$ Mesons as function of energy rises smoothly and
exhibits a nonlinear impact parameter dependence. Neutral and positively
charged Kaons exhibit a strong anti-flow behavior. $\Lambda$ Baryons show a
smaller flow signal than protons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76756 </DOCNO>
Clock-Comparison Tests of Lorentz and CPT Symmetry in Space


  Clock-comparison experiments conducted in space can provide access to many
unmeasured coefficients for Lorentz and CPT violation. The orbital
configuration of a satellite platform and the relatively large velocities
attainable in a deep-space mission would permit a broad range of tests with
Planck-scale sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127941 </DOCNO>
The cluster environments of radio loud quasars


  We have carried out multi-colour imaging of the fields of a statistically
complete sample of low-frequency selected radio loud quasars at 0.6<z<1.1, in
order to determine the characteristics of their environments. The largest radio
sources are located in the field, and smaller steep-spectrum sources are more
likely to be found in richer environments, from compact groups through to
clusters. This radio-based selection (including source size) of high redshift
groups and clusters is a highly efficient method of detecting rich environments
at these redshifts. Although our single filter clustering measures agree with
those of other workers, we show that these statistics cannot be used reliably
on fields individually, colour information is required for this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127098 </DOCNO>
Far-infrared mapping of the starburst galaxy NGC 253 with ISOPHOT


  A 180 micron map and strip maps at 120 and 180 microns were obtained for the
edge-on starburst galaxy NGC 253 with ISOPHOT, the photometer on board the
Infrared Space Observatory. We compare these observations with those obtained
by IRAS at 60 micron and 100 micron and derive the far--infrared spectral
energy distribution at different locations in the galaxy. There is evidence for
the presence of cold dust (T < 20 K) both in the nucleus and in the disk.
Extended emission dominated by cold dust is detected up to 15 arcmin (~ 10 kpc)
along the major and minor axis; its spatial distribution is similar to that
seen in the IRAS and ROSAT PSPC images. The emission along the minor axis is
probably related to large-scale outflows of gas (superwinds) which originate in
the nuclear starburst and maybe to star formation in the halo. The radial
dependence of the dust temperature along the major axis is found using a
radiative transfer code: we show that the dust scale length in the disk is ~
40% larger than that of stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74766 </DOCNO>
Power corrections to the event shape in $e^+e^-$ annihilation


  We study power corrections to the event shapes in $\e^+\e^--$annihilation in
the two jets kinematical region, $e\ll 1$. We argue that for $e \sim
\Lambda_{QCD}/Q$ all power corrections of the form $1/\lr{Qe}^n$ have to be
taken into account for an arbitrary $n$. This is achieved by introducing a new
universal distribution, the shape function, which describes the energy flow in
the final state. The event shape differential distributions are given by a
convolution of the shape function with perturbatively resummed cross-sections.
Choosing a physically motivated ansatz for the shape function, we observe a
good agreement of our predictions with available data on the differential
thrust, $C$-parameter and heavy-jet mass distributions and their first few
moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98129 </DOCNO>
restricted 1-3-2 permutations and generalized patterns


  Recently, Babson and Steingrimsson (see [BS]) introduced generalized
permutations patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a
pattern must be adjacent in the permutation.
  We study generating functions for the number of permutations on $n$ letters
avoiding $1-3-2$ (or containing $1-3-2$ exactly once) and an arbitrary
generalized pattern $\tau$ on $k$ letters, or containing $\tau$ exactly once.
In several cases the generating function depends only on $k$ and is expressed
via Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind, and generating function of
Motzkin numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168591 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and fluctuations in quantum interference experiments


  We analyze the notion of quantum coherence in an interference experiment. We
let the phase shifts fluctuate according to a given statistical distribution
and introduce a decoherence parameter, defined in terms of a generalized
visibility of the interference pattern. One might naively expect that a
particle ensemble suffers a greater loss of quantum coherence by interacting
with an increasingly randomized distribution of shifts. As we shall see, this
is not always true.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123635 </DOCNO>
Numerical simulations of the Accretion-Ejection Instability in


  The Accretion-Ejection Instability (AEI) described by Tagger & Pellat (1999)
is explored numerically using a global 2d model of the inner region of a
magnetised accretion disk. The disk is initially currentless but threaded by a
vertical magnetic field created by external currents, and frozen in the flow.
In agreement with the theory a spiral instability, similar in many ways to
those observed in self-gravitating disks, develops when the magnetic field is,
within a factor of a few, at equipartition with the disk thermal pressure.
Perturbations in the flow build up currents and create a perturbed magnetic
field within the disk. The present non-linear simulations give good evidence
that such an instability can occur in the inner region of accretion disks, and
generate accretion of gas and vertical magnetic flux toward the central object,
if the equilibrium radial profiles of density and magnetic flux exceed a
critical threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113942 </DOCNO>
The Feynman Path Goes Monte Carlo


  Path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulations have become an important tool
for the investigation of the statistical mechanics of quantum systems. I
discuss some of the history of applying the Monte Carlo method to
non-relativistic quantum systems in path-integral representation. The principle
feasibility of the method was well established by the early eighties, a number
of algorithmic improvements have been introduced in the last two decades.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96051 </DOCNO>
Fast Arnold Diffusion in three time scale systems


  We consider the problem of Arnold Diffusion for nearly integrable partially
isochronous Hamiltonian systems with three time scales. By means of a careful
shadowing analysis, based on a variational technique, we prove that, along
special directions, Arnold diffusion takes place with fast (polynomial) speed,
even though the ``splitting determinant'' is exponentially small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72778 </DOCNO>
Various Solutions of the Atmospheric Neutrino Data


  Various solutions of the atmospheric neutrino data are reviewed. Apart from
orthodox two flavor $\nu_\mu\leftrightarrow\nu_\tau$ oscillations and three
flavor oscillations, there are still possibilities, such as four flavor
oscillations with the (2+2)- and (3+1)- schemes, a neutrino decay scenario and
decoherence, which give a good fit to the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6668 </DOCNO>
Universality class of S=1/2 quantum spin ladder system with the four


  We study s=1/2 Heisenberg spin ladder with the four spin exchange. Combining
numerical results with the conformal field theory(CFT), we find a phase
transition with central charge c=3/2. Since this system has an SU(2) symmetry,
we can conclude that this critical theory is described by k=2 SU(2)
Wess-Zumino-Witten model with Z$_2$ symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74224 </DOCNO>
Improved Determination of |V_{ub}| from Inclusive Semileptonic B-Meson


  We reduce the perturbative uncertainty in the determination of |V_{ub}| from
inclusive semileptonic B decays by calculating the rate of B -> X_u l nu events
with dilepton invariant mass q^2>(M_B-M_D)^2 at subleading order in the hybrid
expansion, and to next-to-leading order in renormalization-group improved
perturbation theory. We also resum logarithmic corrections to the leading
power-suppressed contributions. Studying the effect of different b-quark mass
definitions we find that the branching ratio after the cut is Br(B -> X_u l
nu)=(20.9+-4.0)|V_{ub}|^2, where the dominant error is due to the uncertainty
in the b-quark mass. This implies that |V_{ub}| can be determined with a
precision of about 10%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75820 </DOCNO>
Vanishing dynamical quark mass at zero virtuality?


  We show that the dynamical quark mass in effective nonlocal models can vanish
at zero virtuality of the quark as $M(p^2)\propto p^2$. Our arguments follow
from the constrained-instanton model of the QCD vacuum and from QCD sum rules
calculations with nonlocal condensates. The discussed models also lead to
analyticity of $M(p^2)$ in the vicinity of zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1422 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics Far from Equilibrium: from Glasses to Black Holes


  A framework for the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of glasses is discussed.
It also explains the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of a black hole isolated
from matter. The first and second laws of black dynamics and black hole
thermodynamics are shown to coincide, while the third laws deal with different
issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75797 </DOCNO>
Mixing of meson, hybrid, and glueball states


  The effective QCD Hamiltonian is constructed with the help of the background
perturbation theory, and relativistic Feynman--Schwinger path integrals for
Green's functions. The resulting spectrum displays mass gaps of the order of
one GeV, when additional valence gluon is added to the bound state. Mixing
between meson, hybrid, and glueball states is defined in two ways: through
generalized Green's functions and via modified Feynman diagram technic giving
similar answers. Results for mixing matrix elements are numerically not large
(around 0.1 GeV) and agree with earlier analytic estimates and lattice
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87274 </DOCNO>
Hoop Conjecture and Cosmic Censorship in the Brane-World


  The initial data of gravity for a cylindrical matter distribution confined on
the brane is studied in the framework of the single brane Randall-Sundrum
scenario. In this scenario, 5-dimensional aspect of gravity appears in the
short range gravitational interaction. We found that the sufficiently thin
configuration of matter leads to the formation of the marginal surface even if
the configuration is infinitely long. This means that the hoop conjecture
proposed by Thorne does not hold in the Randall-Sundrum scenario; Even if a
mass $M$ does not get compacted into a region whose circumference in every
direction is ${\cal C}\le 4\pi GM$, black holes with horizons can form in the
Randall-Sundrum scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73509 </DOCNO>
On Non-Abelian Structure From Matrix Coordinates


  We consider the matrix quantum mechanics of N D0-branes in the background of
the 1-form RR field. It is observed that the transformations of matrix
coordinates of D0-branes induce on the Abelian RR field symmetry
transformations that are like those of non-Abelian gauge fields. The
Lorentz-like equations of motion for matrix coordinates are derived. The field
strengths appearing in the Lorentz-like equations transform in the adjoint
representation of U(N) under symmetry transformations. A possible relation
between D0-brane dynamics in RR background, and the semi-classical dynamics of
charged particles in Yang-Mills background is mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114291 </DOCNO>
Insertion Device Controls at the Swiss Light Source


  In the initial phase of the Swiss Light Source, four insertion devices will
be installed. The control system for all the ID's follows an uniform concept to
allow a rapid installation schedule, while at the same time allowing for a
variety in operational requirements. The components of the control system
include the gap drive system with encoders, temperature monitoring, beam
position monitoring, power supply controllers for corrector magnets [1] and a
timing module [2]. The gap drive system requirements range from micron-level
accuracy to driving double undulators in synchronism with each other and also
with the other beamline elements. The local synchronism is achieved with a
tightly coupled system having an intelligent motor controller and the global
synchronism by extending the machine timing distribution to the insertion
devices and the beamlines with the capability to add beamline-specific timing
events. [1] A.Luedeke et.al.,'Digital Power supplies for the Swiss Light
Source', these proceedings

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179245 </DOCNO>
Extended Gari-Krumpelmann model fits to nucleon electromagnetic form


  Nucleon electromagnetic form factor data (including recent data) is fitted
with models that respect the confinement and asymptotic freedom properties of
QCD. Gari-Krumpelmann (GK) type models, which include the major vector meson
pole contributions and at high momentum transfer conform to the predictions of
perturbative QCD, are combined with Hohler-Pietarinen (HP) models, which also
include the width of the rho meson and the addition of higher mass vector meson
exchanges, but do not evolve into the explicit form of PQCD at high momentum
transfer. Different parameterizations of the GK model's hadronic form factors,
the effect of including the width of the rho meson and the addition of the next
(in mass) isospin 1 vector meson are considered. The quality of fit and the
consistency of the parameters select three of the combined HP/GK type models.
Projections are made to the higher momentum transfers which are relevant to
electron-deuteron experiments. The projections vary little for the preferred
models, removing much of the ambiguity in electron-nucleus scattering
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149126 </DOCNO>
Poisson-Lie Duality in the String Effective Action


  The symmetry properties of the bosonic string effective action under
Poisson-Lie duality transformations are investigated. A convenient and simple
formulation of these duality transformations is found, that allows the
reduction of the string effective action in a Kaluza-Klein framework. It is
shown that the action is invariant provided that the two Lie algebras, forming
the Drinfeld double, have traceless structure constants. Finally, a functional
relation is found between the Weyl anomaly coefficients of the original and
dual non-linear sigma models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73251 </DOCNO>
Graviton loops and brane observables


  We discuss how to consistently perform effective Lagrangian computations in
quantum gravity with branes in compact extra dimensions. A reparametrization
invariant and infrared finite result is obtained in a non trivial way. It is
crucial to properly account for brane fluctuations and to correctly identify
physical observables. Our results correct some confusing claims in the
literature. We discuss the implications of graviton loops on electroweak
precision observables and on the muon g-2 in models with large extra
dimensions. We model the leading effects, not controlled by effective field
theory, by introducing a hard momentum cut-off.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124410 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Disks in Elliptical Galaxies


  We investigate detailed kinematical properties of simulated collisionless
merger remnants of disk galaxies with mass ratios of 1:1 and 3:1. The
simulations were performed by direct summation using the new special hardware
device GRAPE-5. In agreement with observations, the shape of the line-of-sight
velocity distribution (LOSVD) is Gaussian with small deviations. For most cases
we find that the retrograde wings of the LOSVD are steeper than the prograde
ones. This is in contradiction with observations which show broad retrograde
and steep prograde wings. This serious problem in the collisionless formation
scenario of massive elliptical galaxies can be solved if all rotating
ellipticals, even boxy ones, contain an additional stellar disk component with
$\propto 15%$ of the total stellar mass and a scale length of order the
effective radius of the spheroid. We propose that the progenitor galaxies of
massive ellipticals must have contained a significant amount of gas that did
not condense into stars during the merger process itself but formed an extended
gaseous disk before the star formation epoch. The heating source that prevented
the gas from forming stars early and the origin of the large specific angular
momentum required for the gas component to form an extended disk are still
unsolved problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148431 </DOCNO>
T-duality and the case of the disappearing brane


  When an NS5-brane crosses a D6-brane, a D4-brane is created stretching
between them by the Hanany-Witten effect. However, the T-dual situation
involves a Kaluza-Klein monopole crossing a D5-brane and should not result in
brane creation. Thus, the newly created D4-brane disappears when T-duality is
applied. The T-duality is in a direction transverse to the D4-brane so that one
would naively have expected the creation of a D5-brane in the T-dual picture.
This situation is investigated via the corresponding supergravity solutions and
the tension with the naive result is resolved. Along the way, a differential
form version of the supergravity T-duality relations is developed and some
comments are made concerning the flux-expulsion properties of D6-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129541 </DOCNO>
An Optical Time-Delay for the Lensed BAL Quasar HE2149-2745


  We present optical V and i-band light curves of the gravitationally lensed
BAL quasar HE2149-2745. The data, obtained with the 1.5m Danish Telescope
(ESO-La Silla) between October 1998 and December 2000, are the first from a
long-term project aimed at monitoring selected lensed quasars in the Southern
Hemisphere. A time delay of 103+/-12 days is determined from the light curves.
In addition, VLT/FORS1 spectra of HE2149-2745 are deconvolved in order to
obtain the spectrum of the faint lensing galaxy, free of any contamination by
the bright nearby two quasar images. By cross-correlating the spectrum with
galaxy-templates we obtain a tentative redshift estimate of z=0.495+/-0.01.
Adopting this redshift, a Omega=0.3, Lambda=0.7 cosmology, and a chosen
analytical lens model, our time-delay measurement yields a Hubble constant of
H_0=66+/-8 km/s/Mpc with an estimated systematic error of +/-3 km/s/Mpc. Using
non-parametric models yields H_0=65+/-8 km/s/Mpc and confirms that the lens
exhibits a very dense/concentrated mass profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126967 </DOCNO>
Black Holes and Hosts of Active and Quiescent Galaxies: I. The Black


  Massive Black Holes detected in the centers of many nearby galaxies show an
approximately linear relation with the luminosity of the host bulge, with the
black hole mass being 0.001-0.002 of the bulge mass. Previous work suggested
that black holes of active (Seyfert 1) galaxies follow a similar relation, but
apparently with a significantly lower value of $M_{\rm BH}/M_{\rm bulge}$
(Wandel 1999). New data show that this difference was mainly due to
overestimating the black hole mass in quiescent galaxies and overestimating the
bulge magnitude of Seyfert galaxies. Using new and updated data we show that
AGNs (Seyfert galaxies and quasars) follow the same BH-bulge relation as
ordinary (inactive) galaxies. We derive the BH-bulge relation for a sample of
55 AGNs and 35 quiescent galaxies, finding that broad line AGNs have an average
black hole/bulge mass fraction of $\sim 0.0015$ with a strong correlation (Mbh
~ Lbulge^{0.9\pm 0.16}). This BH-bulge relation is consistent with the BH-bulge
relation of quiescent galaxies and much tighter than previous results. Narrow
line AGNs appear to have a lower ratio, Mbh/Mbulge ~ 10^{-4}-10^{-3}. We find
this to be a more general feature, the BH/bulge ratio in AGNs being inversely
correlated with the emission-line width, implying a strong linear relation
between the size of the broad emission line region and the luminosity of the
bulge. Finally, combining AGNs with observed and estimated stellar velocity
dispersion, we find a significant correlation (Mbh ~ v^{3.5-5}), consistent
with that of quiescent galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129279 </DOCNO>
Abundances of Deuterium, Oxygen, and Nitrogen in the Local Interstellar


  Observations obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)
have been used to determine the column densities of D I, O I, and N I along
seven sight lines that probe the local interstellar medium (LISM) at distances
from 37 pc to 179 pc. Five of the sight lines are within the Local Bubble and
two penetrate the surrounding H I wall. Reliable values of N(H I) were
determined for five of the sight lines from HST data, IUE data, and published
EUVE measurements. The weighted mean of D I/H I for these five sight lines is
(1.52 +/- 0.08) x10-5 (1 sigma uncertainty in the mean). It is likely that the
D I/H I ratio in the Local Bubble has a single value. The D I/O I ratio for the
five sight lines within the Local Bubble is (3.76 +/- 0.20) x10-2. It is likely
that the O I column densities can serve as a proxy for H I in the Local Bubble.
The weighted mean for O I/H I for the seven FUSE sight lines is (3.03 +/-0.21)
x10-4, comparable to the weighted mean (3.43 +/- 0.15) x10-4 reported for 13
sight lines probing larger distances and higher column densities (Meyer et al.
1998, Meyer 2001). The FUSE weighted mean of N I/H I for the five sight lines
is half that reported by Meyer et al. (1997) for seven sight lines with larger
distances and higher column densities. This result combined with the
variability of O I/N I (six sight lines) indicates that at the low column
densities found in the LISM, nitrogen ionization balance is important. Thus,
unlike O I, N I cannot be used as a proxy for H I or as a metallicity indicator
in the LISM.
  Subject Headings: cosmology: observations- ISM: abundances- ISM: evolution -
Galaxy:abundances-Ultraviolet:ISM

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126408 </DOCNO>
A Diffuse X-Ray Source, AX J1843.8-0352: Association with the Radio


  ASCA discovered an extended source in the Scutum constellation. The X-ray
morphology is an elliptical shape elongated from north to south with a mean
diameter of about 10'. The image center is located at RA = 18h43m53s, DEC =
03D52'55'' (hereafter, AX J1843.8-0352). The north and south rims of AX
J1843.8-0352 are associated with non-thermal radio sources C and F of the
G28.6-0.1 complex (Helfand et al. 1989). The X-ray spectrum was fitted with a
model of either a thin thermal plasma in non-equilibrium ionization of a
temperature 5.4 keV or a power-law of photon index 2.1. The absorption column
is (2.4-4.0)E22 /cm2, which probably places this source in the Scutum arm. With
a reasonable distance assumption of about 7 kpc, we estimate the mean diameter
and X-ray luminosity to be ~20 pc and ~3E34 erg/s, respectively. Although a
Sedov solution for a thin thermal plasma model gives parameters of a young
shell-like SNR, no strong emission lines are found with the metal abundances
being ~solar. Thus, a more likely scenario for both the radio and X-ray spectra
and the morphologies is that AX J1843.8-0352 is a shell-like SNR which
predominantly emits synchrotron X-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72641 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear evolution and saturation for heavy nuclei in DIS


  The nonlinear evolution equation for the scattering amplitude of colour
dipole off the heavy nucleus is solved in the double logarithmic approximation.
It is found that if the initial parton density in a nucleus is smaller then
some critical value, then the scattering amplitude is a function of one scaling
variable inside the saturation region, whereas if it is greater then the
critical value, then the scaling behaviour breaks down. Dependence of the
saturation scale on the number of nucleons is discussed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150155 </DOCNO>
Type IIB Green-Schwarz superstring in plane wave Ramond-Ramond


  We construct the covariant $\kappa$-symmetric superstring action for type
$IIB$ superstring on plane wave space supported by Ramond-Ramond background.
The action is defined as a 2d sigma-model on the coset superspace. We fix the
fermionic and bosonic light-cone gauges in the covariant Green-Schwarz
superstring action and find the light-cone string Lagrangian and the
Hamiltonian. The resulting light-cone gauge action is quadratic in both the
bosonic and fermionic superstring 2d fields, and therefore, this model can be
explicitly quantized. We also obtain a realization of the generators of the
basic superalgebra in terms of the superstring 2d fields in the light-cone
gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114483 </DOCNO>
Structure and properties of small sodium clusters


  We have investigated structure and properties of small metal clusters using
all-electron ab initio theoretical methods based on the Hartree-Fock
approximation and density functional theory, perturbation theory and compared
results of our calculations with the available experimental data and the
results of other theoretical works. We have systematically calculated the
optimized geometries of neutral and singly charged sodium clusters having up to
20 atoms, their multipole moments (dipole and quadrupole), static
polarizabilities, binding energies per atom, ionization potentials and
frequencies of normal vibration modes. Our calculations demonstrate the great
role of many-electron correlations in the formation of electronic and ionic
structure of small metal clusters and form a good basis for further detailed
study of their dynamic properties, as well as structure and properties of other
atomic cluster systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95437 </DOCNO>
Multiple Equilibria for an SIRS Epidemiological System


  An SIRS type model of disease transmission in an open environment is
discussed. We use the Poincar\'{e} index together with a perturbation method to
show that the endemic proportions need not be unique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4364 </DOCNO>
Small-q phonon-mediated superconductivity in organic \kappa-BEDT-TTF


  We propose a mew picture for superconductivity in $\kappa-(BEDT-TTF)_2X$
salts arguing that small-{\bf q} electron-phonon scattering dominates the
pairing. We reproduce the distinct X-shaped d-wave gap reported recently by
magnetooptic measurements and we argue that the softness of the momentum
structure of the gap and the near degeneracy of s- and d-wave gap states may be
at the origin of the experimental controversy about the gap symmetry. We show
that a magnetic field applied parallel to the planes may induce extended
gapless-regions on the FS accounting for the experimental signatures of a
Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinikov state and it may induce gap symmetry transitions
as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124516 </DOCNO>
Infrared and Millimetric Study of the Young Outflow Cepheus E


  The Cepheus E outflow has been studied in the mid and far infrared using the
ISO CAM and LWS instruments, and at millimetric wavelengths using OVRO. In the
near and mid-IR, its morphology is similar to that expected for a jet driven
outflow, where the leading bow shocks entrain and accelerate the surrounding
molecular gas. As expected, fine structure atomic/ionic emission lines arise
from the bow shocks, at both the Mach Disk and the stagnation tip, where
J-shocks are dominant. The H2, H2O and CO molecular emission could arise
further `downstream' at the bow shock wings where the shocks (v = 8-35 km/s)
are oblique and more likely to be C-type. The 13CO emission arises from
entrained molecular gas and a compact high velocity emission is observed,
together with an extended low velocity component that almost coincides
spatially with the H2 near-IR emission. The millimetric continuum emission
shows two sources. We identify one of them with IRAS 23011+6126, postulating is
the driver of the Cepheus E outflow; the other, also an embedded source, is
likely to be driving one of other outflows observed in the region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3045 </DOCNO>
Diblock copolymer thin films: Parallel and perpendicular lamellar phases


  We study morphologies of thin-film diblock copolymers between two flat and
parallel walls. The study is restricted to the weak segregation regime below
the order-disorder transition temperature. The deviation from perfect lamellar
shape is calculated for phases which are perpendicular and parallel to the
walls. We examine the undulations of the inter material dividing surface and
its angle with the walls, and find that the deviation from its unperturbed
position can be much larger than in the strong segregation case. Evaluating the
weak segregation stability of the lamellar phases, it is shown that a surface
interaction, which is quadratic in the monomer concentration, favors the
perpendicular lamellar phase. In particular, the degeneracy between
perpendicular and unfrustrated parallel lamellar phases for walls without a
preferential adsorption is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149223 </DOCNO>
Unimodular Supergravity


  We present the locally supersymmetric formulation of unimodular gravity
theory in D (1\le D \le 11) dimensions, namely supergravity theory with the
metric tensor whose determinant is constrained to be unity. In such a
formulation, the usual fine-tuning of cosmological constant is no longer
needed, but its value is understood as an initial condition. Moreover, the
zero-ness of the cosmological constant is concluded as the most probable
configuration, based on the effective vacuum functional. We also show that the
closure of supersymmetry gauge algebra is consistent with the unimodular
condition on the metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124140 </DOCNO>
The ages and colours of cool helium-core white dwarf stars


  The purpose of this work is to explore the evolution of helium-core white
dwarf stars in a self-consistent way with the predictions of detailed non-gray
model atmospheres and element diffusion. To this end, we consider helium-core
white dwarf models with stellar masses of 0.406, 0.360, 0.327, 0.292, 0.242,
0.196 and 0.169 solar masses and follow their evolution from the end of mass
loss episodes during their pre-white dwarf evolution down to very low surface
luminosities. We find that when the effective temperature decreases below
4000K, the emergent spectrum of these stars becomes bluer within time-scales of
astrophysical interest. In particular, we analyse the evolution of our models
in the colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams and we find that helium-core
white dwarfs with masses ranging from approx. 0.18 to 0.3 solar masses can
reach the turn-off in their colours and become blue again within cooling times
much less than 15 Gyr and then remain brighter than M_V approx. 16.5. In view
of these results, many low-mass helium white dwarfs could have had time enough
to evolve to the domain of collision-induced absorption from molecular
hydrogen, showing blue colours.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97686 </DOCNO>
The cardinality of the set of real numbers


  Each real number of the interval [0, 1] can be represented by an infinite
path in a given binary tree. The binary tree is projected on a grid NxN and it
is shown that the set of the infinite paths corresponds one-to-one to the set
N. Cantor's proof of 1891 is examined. It is shown that being incomplete any
denumerable list L used in Cantor's diagonal method, this does not affirm or
deny that the cardinalities of the set of the real numbers of the interval [0,
1] and of N are equal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95787 </DOCNO>
The size of bipartite graphs with girth eight


  Reiman produced a quadratic inequality for the size of bipartite graphs of
girth six. We get its counterpart for girth eight, a cubic inequality. It is
optimal in as far as it admits the algebraic structure of generalized
quadrangles as case of equality. This enables us to obtain the optimal estimate
e ~ v^(4/3) for balanced bipartite graphs. We also get an optimal estimate for
very unbalanced graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98590 </DOCNO>
Propagation of singularities for the wave equation on conic manifolds


  For the wave equation associated to the Laplacian on a compact manifold with
boundary with a conic metric (with respect to which the boundary is metrically
a point) the propagation of singularities through the boundary is analyzed.
Under appropriate regularity assumptions the diffracted, non-direct, wave
produced by the boundary is shown to have Sobolev regularity greater than the
incoming wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4114 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of classical wave scattering by small obstacles


  A causality problem in the time-dependent scattering of classical waves from
point scatterers is pointed out and analyzed. Based on an alternative model,
the leading pole approximation of the exact scattering matrix of the square
well potential, transparent expressions for the time and position dependent
Green function in a disordered medium are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129601 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Eastern Limb of the Vela Supernova Remnant


  We present results from two Chandra/ACIS observations of the so-called Vela
``Bullet D'' region on the eastern limb of the Vela supernova remnant. The
Bullet D region is a bright X-ray feature, identified by Aschenbach et al.
(1995) from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, which protrudes beyond the blast wave on
the eastern side of the remnant. It has been suggested that this feature is a
fragment of supernova ejecta which is just now pushing beyond the position of
the main blast wave. An alternate explanation is that the feature is a
``break-out'' of the shock in which inhomogeneities in the ambient medium cause
the shock to be non-spherical. The Chandra image shows a fragmented,
filamentary morphology within this region. The Chandra spectra show strong
emission lines of O, Ne, and Mg. Equilibrium ionization models indicate that
the O and Ne abundances are significantly enhanced compared to solar values.
However, non-equilibrium ionization models can fit the data with solar O
abundances and Ne abundances enhanced by only a factor of two. The Chandra data
are more consistent with the shock breakout hypothesis, although they cannot
exclude the fragment of ejecta hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128679 </DOCNO>
The Gravitational Lens -- Galaxy Group Connection: I. Discovery of a


  Previous observations of the environments of the lensing galaxies in
gravitational lens systems suggest that many of the lensing galaxies are
associated with small groups of galaxies. As a result, we have begun a
coordinated program to study the local environments of all known gravitational
lens systems. In this paper, we present results on the gravitational lens
system CLASS B0712+472, which has previously measured source and lens redshifts
of (z_l,z_s) = (0.4060,1.339). Although we have not found a galaxy group
associated with the primary lensing galaxy, we have found a foreground group
which is spatially coincident with the lens system. Based on multi-object
spectroscopy taken at the Keck 10-m telescope, we have confirmed ten group
members with a mean redshift of <z> = 0.2909. The resulting velocity dispersion
and estimated virial mass are 306(+110/-58) km/s and 3.0(+2.2/-1.2) x 10^13
h^-1 M_sun, respectively, for (Omega_m,Omega_Lambda) = (0.2,0.0). The dynamical
properties of this moderate-redshift group are completely consistent with the
range of values found in nearby groups of galaxies. Five of the group members
are red, elliptical-like galaxies, while the remaining five are active,
star-forming galaxies. Based on the spectroscopic results and the
publically-available HST imaging of nine group members, we find that the
early-type fraction is 40%. We estimate that the effect of this foreground
group on the gravitational lensing potential of B0712+472 is small, producing
an external shear which is only a few percent, although the shear could be
larger if the group centroid is significantly closer to the lens system than it
appears to be.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74246 </DOCNO>
Family Unification, Exotic States and Magnetic Monopoles


  The embedding in SU(4)xSU(3)xSU(3) of the well studied gauge groups
SU(4)xSU(2)xSU(2) and SU(3)xSU(3)xSU(3) naturally leads to family unification
as opposed to simple family replication. An inescapable consequence is the
predicted existence of (exotic)color singlet states that carry fractional
electric charge. The corresponding magnetic monopoles carry multiple Dirac
magnetic charge, can be relatively light (\sim 10^{7}-10^{13}GeV), and may be
present in the galaxy not far below the Parker bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129725 </DOCNO>
NICMOS Snapshot Survey of Damped Lyman Alpha Quasars


  We image 19 quasars with 22 damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems using the F160W
filter and the Near-Infrared Camera and Multiobject Spectrograph aboard the
Hubble Space Telescope, in both direct and coronagraphic modes. We reach 5
sigma detection limits of ~H=22 in the majority of our images. We compare our
observations to the observed Lyman-break population of high-redshift galaxies,
as well as Bruzual & Charlot evolutionary models of present-day galaxies
redshifted to the distances of the absorption systems. We predict H magnitudes
for our DLAs, assuming they are producing stars like an L* Lyman-break galaxy
(LBG) at their redshift. Comparing these predictions to our sensitivity, we
find that we should be able to detect a galaxy around 0.5-1.0 L* (LBG) for most
of our observations. We find only one new possible candidate, that near
LBQS0010-0012. This scarcity of candidates leads us to the conclusion that most
DLA systems are not drawn from a normal LBG luminosity function nor a local
galaxy luminosity function placed at these high redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41028 </DOCNO>
Four Fermion processes at LEP II


  In its second phase, LEP has given the unique opportunity to study four
fermion processes never observed before. This papers deals with a preliminary
study of $WW$, $We\nu$, $ZZ$ and $Z\gamma^\star$ production in $e^+e^-$
collisions. Measurement results on $WW$ cross section, $W$ branching fractions,
$WWV$ ($V=Z/\gamma$) anomalous couplings and $W$ average polarization in $WW$
events are presented. Moreover cross section measurements for $We\nu$, $ZZ$ and
$Z\gamma^\star$ production and limits on $ZZZ$ and $ZZ\gamma$ anomalous
couplings are reported. All the results are in good agreement with the Standard
Model expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74886 </DOCNO>
Signal of heavy Majorana neutrinos at hadron colliders


  The lepton number violating signal of like-sign-dileptons (LSD), p p \to
\ell^\pm\ell^\pm + 2 jets, is investigated within a model of mixing in the
neutrino sector assuming the existence of heavy Majorana neutrino states with a
left--handed coupling to the light leptons. The LSD signal receives
contributions both from the resonant production of a heavy Majorana neutrino
(N) and from the exchange of a virtual N in the WW fusion mechanisms. These two
possibilities are discussed in detail and compared. Helicity amplitudes are
given pointing out differences with calculations previously reported by other
authors. The signal cross--sections are computed at the energy of the LHC
collider (sqrt{S}=14 TeV) at CERN and within the existing experimental limits
on the mixing couplings, including those coming from neutrinoless double beta
decay. Detailed angular distributions of signal reactions which are
complementary to previous studies on the argument are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3431 </DOCNO>
Impurity band in clean superconducting weak links


  Weak impurity scattering produces a narrow band with a finite density of
states near the phase difference $\phi =\pi$ in the mid-gap energy spectrum of
a macroscopic superconducting weak link. The equivalent distribution of
transmission coefficients of various cunducting quantum channels is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4786 </DOCNO>
Static magneto-polarizability of cylindrical nanostructures


  The static polarizability of cylindrical systems is shown to have a strong
dependence on a uniform magnetic field applied parallel to the tube axis. This
dependence is demonstrated by performing exact numerical diagonalizations of
simple cylinders (rolled square lattices), armchair and zig-zag carbon
nanotubes (rolled honeycomb lattices) for different electron-fillings. At low
temperature, the polarizability as function of the magnetic field has a
discontinuous character where plateau-like region are separated by sudden jumps
or peaks. A one to one correspondence is pointed out between each discontinuity
of the polarizability and the magnetic-field induced cross-over between the
ground state and the first excited state. Our results suggest the possibility
to use measurements of the static polarizability under magnetic field to get
important informations about excited states of cylindrical systems such as
carbon nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128065 </DOCNO>
Nature of the Soft Gamma Repeaters and Anomalous X-ray Pulsars


  I summarize recent developments in the magnetar model of the Soft Gamma
Repeaters and Anomalous X-ray Pulsars, give a critical inventory of alternative
models for the AXPs, and outline the improved diagnostics expected from present
observational efforts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174790 </DOCNO>
Accurate Nucleon-Nucleon Potential Based upon Chiral Perturbation Theory


  We present an accurate nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) potential based upon chiral
effective Lagrangians. The model includes one- and two-pion exchange
contributions up to chiral order three. We show that a quantitative fit of the
$NN$ $D$-wave phase shifts requires contact terms (which represent the short
range force) of order four. Within this framework, the $NN$ phase shifts below
300 MeV lab. energy and the properties of the deuteron are reproduced with
high-precision. This chiral $NN$ potential represents a reliable starting point
for testing the chiral effective field theory approach in exact few-nucleon and
microscopic nuclear many-body calculations. An important implication of the
present work is that the chiral $2\pi$ exchange at order four is of crucial
interest for future chiral $NN$ potential development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5763 </DOCNO>
Resistivity peculiarities in systems with lattice distortions


  We study a molecular lattice Hamiltonian in which polaronic charge carriers
interact with non linear potentials provided by local atomic fluctuations
between two equilibrium sites. The path integral formalism is applied to select
the class of atomic oscillations which mainly contributes to the partition
function and the electrical resistivity is computed in a number of
representative cases. Non metallic resistivity behaviors are found at
temperatures above $\simeq 100K$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41083 </DOCNO>
Search for non-SM Higgses at LEP


  The four LEP experiments, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL, have searched for Higgs
bosons predicted by a large number of extensions of the Standard Model. Flavor
independent searches are presented for the h$^{0}$Z$^{0}$ process in which the
h$^{0}$ decays hadronically. Search results are also presented for fermiophobic
Higgs bosons, invisibly decaying Higgs bosons, charged Higgs bosons and the
neutral Higgs bosons in the MSSM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76684 </DOCNO>
Crystalline ground state in chiral Gross-Neveu and Cooper pair models at


  We study the possibility of spatially non-uniform ground state in
(1+1)-dimensional models with quartic fermi interactions at finite fermion
densities by introducing chemical potential \mu. We examine the chiral
Gross-Neveu model and the Cooper pair model as toy models of the chiral
symmetry breaking and the difermion pair condensates which are presumed to
exist in QCD. We confirm in the chiral Gross-Neveu model that the ground state
has a crystalline structure in which the chiral condensate oscillates in space
with wave number 2\mu. Whereas in the Cooper pair model we find that the vacuum
structure is spatially uniform. Some discussions are given to explain this
difference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168803 </DOCNO>
Cloning and Cryptography with Quantum Continuous Variables


  The cloning of quantum variables with continuous spectra is investigated. We
define a Gaussian 1-to-2 cloning machine, which copies equally well two
conjugate variables such as position and momentum or the two quadrature
components of a light mode. The resulting cloning fidelity for coherent states,
namely $F=2/3$, is shown to be optimal. An asymmetric version of this Gaussian
cloner is then used to assess the security of a continuous-variable quantum key
distribution scheme that allows two remote parties to share a Gaussian key. The
information versus disturbance tradeoff underlying this continuous quantum
cryptographic scheme is then analyzed for the optimal individual attack.
Methods to convert the resulting Gaussian keys into secret key bits are also
studied. The extension of the Gaussian cloner to optimal $N$-to-$M$ continuous
cloners is then discussed, and it is shown how to implement these cloners for
light modes, using a phase-insensitive optical amplifier and beam splitters.
Finally, a phase-conjugated inputs $(N,N')$-to-$(M,M')$ continuous cloner is
defined, yielding $M$ clones and $M'$ anticlones from $N$ replicas of a
coherent state and $N'$ replicas of its phase-conjugate (with $M'-M=N'-N$).
This novel kind of cloners is shown to outperform the standard $N$-to-$M$
cloners in some situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86626 </DOCNO>
On the interpretation of cylindrically symmetric Levi-Civita spacetime


  We study Levi-Civita metric for values of its sigma parameter in the range 0<
sigma<infinity. We show that the value sigma=1/2 makes the axial and angular
coordinates switch meaning. We present its geodesics and a physical source
satisfying the energy conditions for all the range of sigma. This source allows
us to obtain an energy per unit length which agrees with the behaviour of the
geodesics and the fact that the solution has no event horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124720 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Diagnostics Based on Far-Infrared Polarimetry: Tests


  The dynamical state of star-forming molecular clouds cannot be understood
without determining the structure and strength of their magnetic fields.
Measurements of polarized far-infrared radiation from thermally aligned dust
grains are used to map the orientation of the field and estimate its strength,
but the accuracy of the results has remained in doubt. In order to assess the
reliability of this method, we apply it to simulated far-infrared polarization
maps derived from three-dimensional simulations of supersonic
magnetohydrodynamical turbulence, and compare the estimated values to the known
magnetic field strengths in the simulations. We investigate the effects of
limited telescope resolution and self-gravity on the structure of the maps.
Limited observational resolution affects the field structure such that small
scale variations can be completely suppressed, thus giving the impression of a
very homogeneous field. The Chandrasekhar-Fermi method of estimating the mean
magnetic field in a turbulent medium is tested, and we suggest an extension to
measure the rms field. Both methods yield results within a factor of 2 for
field strengths typical of molecular clouds, with the modified version
returning more reliable estimates for slightly weaker fields. However, neither
method alone works well for very weak fields, missing them by a factor of up to
150. Taking the geometric mean of both methods estimates even the weakest
fields accurately within a factor of 2.5. Limited telescope resolution leads to
a systematic overestimation of the field strengths for all methods. We discuss
the effects responsible for this overestimation and show how to extract
information on the underlying (turbulent) power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174714 </DOCNO>
Role of dynamical particle-vibration coupling in reconciliation of the


  It has been observed that decay rate for proton emission from $d_{3/2}$
single particle state is systematically quenched compared with the prediction
of a one dimensional potential model although the same model successfully
accounts for measured decay rates from $s_{1/2}$ and $h_{11/2}$ states. We
reconcile this discrepancy by solving coupled-channels equations, taking into
account couplings between the proton motion and vibrational excitations of a
daughter nucleus. We apply the formalism to proton emitting nuclei
$^{160,161}$Re to show that there is a certain range of parameter set of the
excitation energy and the dynamical deformation parameter for the quadrupole
phonon excitation which reproduces simultaneously the experimental decay rates
from the 2$d_{3/2}$, 3$s_{1/2}$ and 1$h_{11/2}$ states in these nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97353 </DOCNO>
Semipositive bundles and Brill-Noether theory


  We prove a Lefschetz hyperplane theorem for the determinantal loci of a
morphism between two holomorphic vector bundles $E$ and $F$ over a complex
manifold under the condition that $E^*\ox F$ is Griffiths $k$-positive. We
apply this result to find some homotopy groups of the Brill-Noether loci for a
generic curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125656 </DOCNO>
The Radio-to-Submillimeter Flux Density Ratio of Galaxies as a Measure


  We re-examine the technique of determining the redshifts of galaxies from the
ratio of the submillimeter-to-radio continuum flux densities based on a
recently published catalog of 850~$\mu$m sources. We derived the expected
variation of this ratio as a function of redshift incorporating the expected
average luminosity and the spectral energy distribution (SED) of dust emission
and the radio continuum. We find that the existing data for most of the high
redshift ($z \gtsim 1$) sources correspond to our new calculation. Amongst the
well-identified sources, there is none with an index significantly higher than
predicted. Sources which have an index lower than predicted are either within
the error zone or much lower, the latter presumably having AGN-dominated
radio-continuum emission. We find the median redshift to be $\sim 2$, which is
consistent with that deduced by previous work ($\sim 3$) within the error. We
also discuss the various systematic effects that can affect the accuracy of the
redshift estimate. We examine other methods of redshift estimation, like
photometric ratio in the submillimeter and locating the peak of the SED in the
rest system of the objects. We conclude that while the various methods are
helpful in identifying high-redshift objects and making a crude estimate of the
redshift, they are not, at present, accurate enough for a detailed study of
redshift distribution of the submillimeter galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72489 </DOCNO>
Spatial gradients in the cosmological constant


  It is possible that there may be differences in the fundamental physical
parameters from one side of the observed universe to the other. I show that the
cosmological constant is likely to be the most sensitive of the physical
parameters to possible spatial variation, because a small variation in any of
the other parameters produces a huge variation of the cosmological constant. It
therefore provides a very powerful {\em indirect} evidence against spatial
gradients or temporal variation in the other fundamental physical parameters,
at least 40 orders of magnitude more powerful than direct experimental
constraints. Moreover, a gradient may potentially appear in theories where the
variability of the cosmological constant is connected to an anthropic selection
mechanism, invoked to explain the smallness of this parameter. In the Hubble
damping mechanism for anthropic selection, I calculate the possible gradient.
While this mechanism demonstrates the existence of this effect, it is too small
to be seen experimentally, except possibly if inflation happens around the
Planck scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5952 </DOCNO>
Superconductor-to-Normal Phase Transition in a Vortex Glass Model:


  The three-dimensional strongly screened vortex-glass model is studied
numerically using methods from combinatorial optimization. We focus on the
effect of disorder strength on the ground state and found the existence of a
disorder-driven normal-to-superconducting phase transition. The transition
turns out to be a geometrical phase transition with percolating vortex loops in
the ground state configuration. We determine the critical exponents and provide
evidence for a new universality class of correlated percolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4358 </DOCNO>
Irreversible magnetization under rotating fields and lock-in effect on


  We have measured the irreversible magnetization M_i of an ErBa_2Cu_3O_7
single crystal with columnar defects (CD), using a technique based on sample
rotation under a fixed magnetic field H. This method is valid for samples whose
magnetization vector remains perpendicular to the sample surface over a wide
angle range - which is the case for platelets and thin films - and presents
several advantages over measurements of M_L(H) loops at fixed angles. The
resulting M_i(\Theta) curves for several temperatures show a peak in the CD
direction at high fields. At lower fields, a very well defined plateau
indicative of the vortex lock-in to the CD develops. The H dependence of the
lock-in angle \phi_L follows the H^{-1} theoretical prediction, while the
temperature dependence is in agreement with entropic smearing effects
corresponding to short range vortex-defects interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75103 </DOCNO>
Novel Bell's inequalities for entangled K0 anti-K0 pairs


  We derive new Bell's inequalities for entangled K0 anti-K0 pairs. This
requires 1) mutually exclusive setups allowing either K0 vs anti-K0 or KS vs KL
detection and 2) the use of kaon regenerators. The inequalities turn out to be
significantly violated by Quantum Mechanics, resulting in interesting tests of
Local Realism at phi-factories and p anti-p machines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149752 </DOCNO>
De Sitter space versus Nariai Black Hole: stability in d5 higher


  d5 higher derivative gravity on the Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) black hole
background is considered. Two horizons SdS BHs are not in thermal equilibrium
and Hawking-Page phase transitions are not expected there, unlike to the case
of AdS BHs. It is demonstrated that there exists the regime of d5 theory where
Nariai BH which is extremal limit of SdS BH is stable. It is in the contrast
with Einstein gravity on such backgroundwhere only pure de Sitter space is
always stable. Speculating on the applications in proposed dS/CFT
correspondence, these two (de Sitter and Nariai) stable spaces may correspond
to confining-deconfining phases in dual CFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7126 </DOCNO>
Exactly solvable models through the empty interval method, for


  Single-species reaction-diffusion systems on a one-dimensional lattice are
considered, in them more than two neighboring sites interact. Constraints on
the interaction rates are obtained, that guarantee the closedness of the time
evolution equation for $E_n(t)$'s, the probability that $n$ consecutive sites
are empty at time $t$. The general method of solving the time evolution
equation is discussed. As an example, a system with next-nearest-neighbor
interaction is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124344 </DOCNO>
The radio surroundings of the microquasar GRO J1655-40


  We report the results of a study of the radio surroundings of the
superluminal microquasar GRO J1655-40. We have searched for extended continuum
structures that might be indicative of the presence of a supernova remnant
(SNR) associated with the formation of the compact object in the binary system.
We also carried out HI-line observations of the region looking for a local
minimum created by an explosive event. Our results indicate that there is, in
fact, a bubble in the large-scale HI distribution around GRO J1655-40. We
suggest that this structure might be created by the original supernova
explosion occurred a few hundred thousand years ago and whose signatures can be
traced by the overabundance of alpha-elements recently found by Israelian et
al. (1999) in the companion star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169103 </DOCNO>
Quantum computer and its quasiclassical model


  Could the theories with hidden variables be employed for creation of a
quantum computer? A particular scheme of quasiclassical model quantum computer
structure is describe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5253 </DOCNO>
Phase ordering with a global conservation law: Ostwald ripening and


  Globally conserved phase ordering dynamics is investigated in systems with
short range correlations in the initial condition. A Ginzburg-Landau equation
with a global conservation law is employed as the phase field model. The
conditions are found under which the sharp-interface limit of this equation is
reducible to the area-preserving motion by curvature. Numerical simulations
show that, for both critical and off-critical quench, the equal time pair
correlation function exhibits dynamic scaling, and the characteristic
coarsening length obeys a power law in time with a 1/2 exponent. For the
critical quench, our results are in excellent agreement with earlier results.
For off-critical quench (Ostwald ripening) we investigate the dynamics of the
size distribution function of the minority phase domains. The simulations show
that, at large times, this distribution function has a self-similar form with
growth exponent 1/2. The scaled distribution, however, strongly differs from
the classical Wagner distribution. We attribute this difference to coalescence
of domains. A new theory of Ostwald ripening is developed that takes into
account binary coalescence events. The theoretical scaled distribution function
agrees very well with that obtained in the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148167 </DOCNO>
Boundary String Field Theory, the Boundary State Formalism and D-Brane


  Recently a boundary string field theory that had been proposed some time ago,
was used to calculate correctly the ratios of D-brane (both BPS and non-BPS)
tensions. We discuss how this work is related to the boundary state formalism
and open string closed string duality, and argue that the latter clarifies why
the correct tension ratios are obtained in these recent calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83969 </DOCNO>
Analytical solution of transient scalar wave and diffusion problems of


  This study applies the RBF wavelet series to the evaluation of analytical
solutions of linear time-dependent wave and diffusion problems of any
dimensionality and geometry. To the best of the author's knowledge, such
analytical solutions have never been achieved before. The RBF wavelets can be
understood an alternative for multidimensional problems to the standard Fourier
series via fundamental and general solutions of partial differential equation.
The present RBF wavelets are infinitely differential, compactly supported,
orthogonal over different scales and very simple. The rigorous mathematical
proof of completeness and convergence is still missing in this study. The
present work may open a new window to numerical solution and theoretical
analysis of many other high-dimensional time-dependent PDE problems under
arbitrary geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98230 </DOCNO>
Contact spheres and quaternionic structures


  A taut contact sphere on a 3-manifold is a linear 2-sphere of contact forms,
all defining the same volume form. In an earlier paper we have shown that the
only closed 3-manifolds that admit such a structure are the left-quotients of
SU(2). In the present paper we give a complete classification of taut contact
spheres, phrased in the language of quaternions. In the process, we show that a
taut contact sphere on a closed 3-manifold M gives rise in a natural way to a
flat hyperkahler metric on the product of M with a real line. By solving an
appropriate complex Monge-Ampere equation we show that this is not true, in
general, for taut contact spheres on open manifolds. Included is also an
existence result about contact spheres with a taut great circle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149793 </DOCNO>
Solitons on Noncommutative Torus as Elliptic Algebras and Elliptic


  For the noncommutative torus ${\cal T}$, in case of the N.C. parameter
$\theta =3D \frac{Z}{n}$ and the area of ${\cal T}$ is an integer, we construct
the basis of Hilbert space ${\cal H}_n$ in terms of $\theta$ functions of the
positions of $n$ solitons. The Wilson loop wrapping the solitons around the
torus generates the algebra ${\cal A}_n$. We find that ${\cal A}_n$ is
isomorphic to the $Z_n \times Z_n$ Heisenberg group on $\theta$ functions. We
find the explicit form for the solitons local translation operators, show that
it is the generators $g$ of an elliptic $su(n)$, which transform covariantly by
the global gauge transformation of the Wilson loop in ${\cal A}_n$. Then by
acting on ${\cal H}_n$ we establish the isomorphism of ${\cal A}_n$ and $g$.
Then it is easy to give the projection operators corresponding to the solitons
and the ABS construction for generating solitons. We embed this $g$ into
elliptic Gaudin and C.M. models to give the dynamics. For $\theta$ generic
case, we introduce the crossing parameter $\eta \sim \theta \tau$, here $\tau$
is the modulus of ${\cal T}$. We suggest that ${\cal A}_n$ turns to be the
elliptic quantum group ${\cal A}_{\tau, \eta}$. The dynamics of solitons is
determined by the transfer matrix $T$, equivalently by the elliptic Ruijsenaars
operators $M$. The eigenfunctions of $T$ found by Bethe ansatz appears to be
twisted by $\eta$ under actions of Wilson loop. The affine Weyl reflection of
solitons and permutation $S_n$ of the 2-branes are described also.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179310 </DOCNO>
Evolution of strangeness in equilibrating and expanding quark-gluon


  We evaluate the strangeness production from equilibrating and transversely
expanding quark gluon plasma which may be created in the wake of relativistic
heavy ion collisions. We consider boost invariant longitudinal and
cylindrically symmetric transverse expansion of a gluon dominated partonic
plasma, which is in local thermal equilibrium. Initial conditions obtained from
the self screened parton cascade model are used. We empirically find that the
final extent of the partonic equilibration rises almost linearly with the
square of the initial energy density. This along with the corresponding
variation with the number of participants may help us distinguish between
various models of parton production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124183 </DOCNO>
General relativistic spectra of accretion discs around rapidly rotating


  We present computed spectra, as seen by a distant observer, from the
accretion disc around a rapidly rotating neutron star. Our calculations are
carried out in a fully general relativistic framework, with exact treatment of
rotation. We take into account the Doppler shift, gravitational redshift and
light bending effects in order to compute the observed spectrum. We find that
light bending significantly modifies the high-energy part of the spectrum.
Computed spectra for slowly rotating neutron stars are also presented. These
results would be important for modelling the observed X-ray spectra of Low Mass
X-ray Binaries containing fast spinning neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73647 </DOCNO>
Chirality Violation in the QCD High-Energy S-Matrix


  In a previous paper it has been shown that the infra-red divergence
associated with the triangle graph axial anomaly can occur in triple-regge
multi-reggeon interactions due to unphysical asymptotic triple discontinuities.
In this paper an asymptotic discontinuity analysis is applied to high-order
feynman diagrams to show that the anomaly exists in contributions to the
triple-regge nine-reggeon interaction. This implies that the anomaly occurs in
the interactions of reggeon states that have the quantum numbers of the anomaly
current and establishes a direct connection with the well-known U(1) problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73201 </DOCNO>
The effect of vacuum polarisation on muon-proton scattering at small


  We give a compact expression for the unpolarised differential cross section
for muon-proton scattering in the one photon exchange approximation. The effect
of adding the vacuum polarisation amplitude to the no-spin-flip amplitude for
one photon exchange is calculated at small energies and scattering angles and
is found to be negligible for present experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6266 </DOCNO>
Optimized Verlet-like algorithms for molecular dynamics simulations


  New explicit velocity- and position-Verlet-like algorithms of the second
order are proposed to integrate the equations of motion in many-body systems.
The algorithms are derived on the basis of an extended decomposition scheme at
the presence of a free parameter. The nonzero value for this parameter is
obtained by reducing the influence of truncated terms to a minimum. As a
result, the new algorithms appear to be more efficient than the original Verlet
versions which correspond to a particular case when the introduced parameter is
equal to zero. Like the original versions, the proposed counterparts are
symplectic and time reversible, but lead to an improved accuracy in the
generated solutions at the same overall computational costs. The advantages of
the new algorithms are demonstrated in molecular dynamics simulations of a
Lennard-Jones fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73782 </DOCNO>
Warped compactification on Abelian vortex in six dimensions


  We consider the possibility of localizing gravity on a Nielsen-Olesen vortex
in the context of the Abelian Higgs model. The vortex lives in a
six-dimensional space-time with negative bulk cosmological constant. In this
model we find a region of the parameter space leading, simultaneously, to
warped compactification and to regular space-time geometry. A thin defect limit
is studied. Regular solutions describing warped compactifications in the case
of higher winding number are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5431 </DOCNO>
The Fano Effect in Aharonov-Bohm interferometers


  After briefly reviewing the Fano effect, we explain why it may be relevant to
various types of Aharonov-Bohm interferometers. We discuss both closed
(electron conserving) and open interferometers, in which one path contains
either a simple quantum dot or a decorated quantum dot (with more than one
internal state or a parallel path). The possible relevance to some hitherto
unexplained experimental features is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98527 </DOCNO>
Schur function identities, their t-analogs, and k-Schur irreducibility


  We obtain general identities for the product of two Schur functions in the
case where one of the functions is indexed by a rectangular partition, and give
their t-analogs using vertex operators. We study subspaces forming a filtration
for the symmetric function space that lends itself to generalizing the theory
of Schur functions and also provides a convenient environment for studying the
Macdonald polynomials. We use our identities to prove that the vertex operators
leave such subspaces invariant. We finish by showing that these operators act
simply on the k-Schur functions, thus leading to a concept of irreducibility
for these functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6539 </DOCNO>
Fermion-pairing on a square lattice in extreme magnetic fields


  We consider the Cooper-problem on a two-dimensional, square lattice with a
uniform, perpendicular magnetic field. Only rational flux fractions are
considered. An extended (real-space) Hubbard model including nearest and next
nearest neighbor interactions is transformed to "k-space", or more precisely,
to the space of eigenfunctions of Harper's equation, which constitute basis
functions of the magnetic translation group for the lattice. A BCS-like
truncation of the interaction term is performed. Expanding the interactions in
the basis functions of the irreducible representations of the point group
$C_{4\nu}$ of the square lattice simplify calculations. The numerical results
indicate enhanced binding compared to zero magnetic field, and thus re-entrant
superconducting pairing at extreme magnetic fields, well beyond the point where
the usual semi-classical treatment of the magnetic field breaks down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95912 </DOCNO>
Time-dependent Lagrangians invariant by a vector field


  We study the reduction of non-autonomous regular Lagrangian systems by
symmetries, which are generated by vector fields associated with connections in
the configuration bundle of the system $Q\times\real\to\real$. These kind of
symmetries generalize the idea of ``time-invariance'' (which corresponds to
taking the trivial connection in the above trivial bundle).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1105 </DOCNO>
Trapping oscillations, discrete particle effects and kinetic theory of


  Effects induced by the finite number $N$ of particles on the evolution of a
monochromatic electrostatic perturbation in a collisionless plasma are
investigated. For growth as well as damping of a single wave, discrete particle
numerical simulations show a $N$-dependent long time behavior which differs
from the numerical errors incurred by vlasovian approaches and follows from the
pulsating separatrix crossing dynamics of individual particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125779 </DOCNO>
A Richness Study of 14 Distant X-ray Clusters From the 160 Square Degree


  We have measured the surface density of galaxies toward 14 X-ray-selected
cluster candidates at redshifts greater than z=0.46, and we show that they are
associated with rich galaxy concentrations. We find that the clusters range
between Abell richness classes 0-2, and have a most probable richness class of
one. We compare the richness distribution of our distant clusters to those for
three samples of nearby clusters with similar X-ray luminosities. We find that
the nearby and distant samples have similar richness distributions, which shows
that clusters have apparently not evolved substantially in richness since
redshift z =0.5. We compare the distribution of distant X-ray clusters in the
L_x--richness plane to the distribution of optically-selected clusters from the
Palomar Distant Cluster Survey. The optically-selected clusters appear overly
rich for their X-ray luminosities when compared to X-ray-selected clusters.
Apparently, X-ray and optical surveys do not necessarily sample identical mass
concentrations at large redshifts. This may indicate the existence of a
population of optically rich clusters with anomalously low X-ray emission. More
likely, however, it reflects the tendency for optical surveys to select
unvirialized mass concentrations, as might be expected when peering along
large-scale filaments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85919 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Lagrange Formulation


  It is well-known that the equations for a simple fluid can be cast into what
is called their Lagrange formulation. We introduce a notion of a generalized
Lagrange formulation, which is applicable to a wide variety of systems of
partial differential equations. These include numerous systems of physical
interest, in particular, those for various material media in general
relativity. There is proved a key theorem, to the effect that, if the original
(Euler) system admits an initial-value formulation, then so does its
generalized Lagrange formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169047 </DOCNO>
Satellite potentials for hypergeometric Natanzon potentials


  As a result of the so(2,1) of the hypergeometric Natanzon potential a set of
potentials related to the given one is determined. The set arises as a result
of the action of the so(2,1) generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2785 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal electrodynamics of two-dimensional wire mesh photonic crystals


  We calculate analytically the spectra of plasma waves and electromagnetic
waves (EMW) in metallic photonic crystal consisting of the parallel thin
infinite metallic cylinders embedded in the dielectric media. The axes of
metallic cylinders form a regular square lattice in a plane perpendicular to
them. The metal inside the cylinders is assumed to be in the high frequency
regime $\omega \tau >> 1$, where $\tau$ is the relaxation time. The proposed
analytical theory is based upon small parameters $f << 1$, where $f$ is the
volume fraction of the metal, and $kR << 1$, where $k$ is the wave vector and
$R$ is the radius of the cylinder. It is shown that there are five different
branches of the EMW that cover all frequency range under consideration except
one very small omnidirectional gap in the vicinity of the frequency of the
surface plasmon. However, at some directions of propagation and polarizations
the gap may be much larger. The reflection and refraction of the EMW is also
considered. The general theory of refraction is proposed which is complicated
by the spatial dispersion of the dielectric constant, and one particular
geometry of the incident EMW is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148447 </DOCNO>
Discrete Torsion and Branes in M-theory from Mathematical Viewpoint


  We study orbifold group actions on locally defined fields upon M-theory
branes in a three-form C-fields background. We derive some constraints from the
consistency of the orbifold group actions. We show the possibility of the
existence of M-theory discrete torsion for the fields on the worldvolume and
discuss its features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95391 </DOCNO>
On the spectral decomposition of affine Hecke algebras


  An affine Hecke algebra H contains a large abelian subalgebra A. The center Z
of H is the subalgebra of Weyl group invariant elements in A. The trace of the
affine Hecke algebra can be written as an integral of a rational $n$ form (with
values in the linear dual of H over a certain cycle in the algebraic torus
T=spec(A). We shall derive the Plancherel formula of the affine Hecke algebra
by localization of this integral on a certain subset of spec(Z).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149904 </DOCNO>
A Worldsheet Description of Large N_c Quantum Field Theory


  The N_c to infinity limit of a matrix quantum field theory is equivalent to
summing only planar Feynman diagrams. The possibility of interpreting this sum
as some kind world-sheet theory has been in the air ever since 't Hooft's
original paper. We establish here just such a world sheet description for a
scalar quantum field with interaction term g\Tr\phi^3, and we indicate how the
approach might be extended to more general field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124584 </DOCNO>
Supernova II Neutrino Bursts and Neutrino Massive Mixing


  We describe the Neutrino Spectrum and detection for SN II sources. We discuss
the effects of neutrino mixing in the SN II. A new analysis of SN1987A is
described. We discuss the possible detection of the diffuse relic SN II flux.
Finally we discuss a new detection concept, OMNIS, for Nu sub mu and Nu sub tau
and detection and compare with other present and future SN detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124642 </DOCNO>
The North Ecliptic Pole Supercluster


  We have used the ROSAT All-Sky Survey to detect a known supercluster at
z=0.087 in the North Ecliptic Pole region. The X-ray data greatly improve our
understanding of this supercluster's characteristics, approximately doubling
our knowledge of the structure's spatial extent and tripling the cluster/group
membership compared to the optical discovery data. The supercluster is a rich
structure consisting of at least 21 galaxy clusters and groups, 12 AGN, 61 IRAS
galaxies, and various other objects. A majority of these components were
discovered with the X-ray data, but the supercluster is also robustly detected
in optical, IR, and UV wavebands. Extending 129 x 102 x 67 (1/h50 Mpc)^3, the
North Ecliptic Pole Supercluster has a flattened shape oriented nearly edge-on
to our line-of-sight. Owing to the softness of the ROSAT X-ray passband and the
deep exposure over a large solid angle, we have detected for the first time a
significant population of X-ray emitting galaxy groups in a supercluster. These
results demonstrate the effectiveness of X-ray observations with contiguous
coverage for studying structure in the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81086 </DOCNO>
Problems in Lattice Gauge Fixing


  We review many topics and results about numeric gauge fixing in lattice QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86069 </DOCNO>
General Birkhoff's Theorem


  Space-time is spherically symmetric if it admits the group of SO(3) as a
group of isometries,with the group orbits spacelike two-surfaces. These orbits
are necessarily two-surface of constant positive curavture. One commonly
chooses coordinate ${t,r,\theta,\phi}$ so that the group orbits become surfaces
${t,r = const.}$ and the radial coordinate r is defined by the requirment that
$4\pi r^2$ is the area of these spacelike two-surfaces with the range of zero
to infinity. According to the Birkhoff's theorem upon the above assumptions,
the Schwarzschild metric is the only soltion of the vacuum Einstein field
equations. Our aim is to reconsider the solution of the sperically symmetric
vacuum Einstein field equtions by regarding a weaker requirement. We admit the
evident fact that in the completely empty sace the radial coordinate r may be
defined so that $4\pi r^2$ becomes the area of spacelike two-surfaces ${t,r =
const.}$ with the range of zero to infinity. This is not necessarily to be true
in the presence of a material point mass M. It turns out that inspite of
imposing asymptotically flatness and staticness as initial conditions the
equations have general classes of solutions which the Schwarzschild metric is
the only member of them which has an intrinsic singularity at the location of
the point mass M. The area of ${t,r = const.}$ is $4\pi(r +\alpha M)^2$ in one
class and $4\pi(r^2 + a_1 Mr +a_2 M^2)$ in the other class while the center of
symmetry is at r = 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127147 </DOCNO>
Resonant Conversion of Photon Modes Due to Vacuum Polarization in a


  It is known that vacuum polarization can modify the photon propagation modes
in the atmospheric plasma of a strongly magnetized neutron star. A resonance
occurs when the effect of vacuum polarization on the photon modes balances that
of the plasma. We show that a photon (with energy $E\go$ a few keV) propagating
outward in the atmosphere can convert from one polarization mode into another
as it traverses the resonant density, $\rho_{res}\simeq
Y_e^{-1}\eta^{-2}(B/10^{14} G)^2(E/1 keV)^2$ g cm$^{-3}$, where $Y_e$ is the
electron fraction, and $\eta\sim 1$ is a slowly varying function of the
magnetic field $B$. The physics of this mode conversion is analogous to the
Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein mechanism for neutrino oscillation. Because the
two photon modes have vastly different opacities in the atmosphere, this
vacuum-induced mode conversion can significantly affect radiative transport and
surface emission from strongly magnetized neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75288 </DOCNO>
Non-local anomaly of the axial-vector current for bound states


  We demonstrate that the amplitude $<\rho\gamma|\partial_\nu (\bar q\gamma_\nu
\gamma_5 q)|0>$ does not vanish in the limit of zero quark masses. This
represents a new kind of violation of the classical equation of motion for the
axial current and should be interpreted as the axial anomaly for bound states.
The anomaly emerges in spite of the fact that the one loop integrals are
ultraviolet-finite as guaranteed by the presence of the bound-state wave
function. As a result, the amplitude behaves like $\sim 1/p^2$ in the limit of
a large momentum $p$ of the current. This is to be compared with the amplitude
$<\gamma\gamma|\partial_\nu \bar q\gamma_\nu \gamma_5 q|0>$ which remains
finite in the limit $p^2\to\infty$.
  The observed effect leads to the modification of the classical equation of
motion of the axial-vector current in terms of the non-local operator and can
be formulated as a non-local axial anomaly for bound states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86034 </DOCNO>
A Connection of Apparent Horizon and Naked Singularities in Spherical


  We show that the behaviour of outgoing radial null geodesic congruence on the
apparent horizon is related to the property of nakedness in spherical dust
collapse justifying the difference between the Penrose diagrams in the naked
and covered dust collapse scenarios. We provide arguments suggesting that the
relationship could be generally valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150190 </DOCNO>
Mutually local fields from form factors


  We compare two different methods of computing form factors. One is the well
established procedure of solving the form factor consistency equations and the
other is to represent the field content as well as the particle creation
operators in terms of fermionic Fock operators. We compute the corresponding
matrix elements for the complex free fermion and the Federbush model. The
matrix elements only satisfy the form factor consistency equations involving
anyonic factors of local commutativity when the corresponding operators are
local. We carry out the ultraviolet limit, analyze the momentum space cluster
properties and demonstrate how the Federbush model can be obtained from the
$SU(3)_3$-homogeneous sine-Gordon model. We propose a new class of Lagrangians
which constitute a generalization of the Federbush model in a Lie algebraic
fashion. For these models we evaluate the associated scattering matrices from
first principles, which can alternatively also be obtained in a certain limit
of the homogeneous sine-Gordon models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95807 </DOCNO>
Generalized complexes and string field theory


  I discuss the axiomatic framework of (tree-level) associative open string
field theory in the presence of D-branes by considering the natural extension
of the case of a single boundary sector. This leads to a formulation which is
intimately connected with the mathematical theory of differential graded
categories. I point out that a generic string field theory as formulated within
this framework is not closed under formation of D-brane composites and as such
does not allow for a unitary description of D-brane dynamics. This implies that
the collection of boundary sectors of a generic string field theory with
D-branes must be extended by inclusion of all possible D-brane composites. I
give a precise formulation of a weak unitarity constraint and show that a
minimal extension which is unitary in this sense can always be obtained by
promoting the original D-brane category to an enlarged category constructed by
using certain generalized complexes of D-branes. I give a detailed construction
of this extension and prove its closure under formation of D-brane composites.
These results amount to a completely general description of D-brane composite
formation within the framework of associative string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5620 </DOCNO>
High Angular Momentum Core States and Impurity Effects in the Mixed


  The local quasiparticle spectra around the vortex core of a d-wave
superconductor in the mixed state is studied by solving the lattice
Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently. It is shown that in addition
to the zero-energy states, there also exist core states of high angular
momentum. A nonmagnetic unitary impurity sitting at the core center is
nondestructive to these core states and the zero-energy resonant state induced
by itself is still visible in the local quasiparticle spectrum. The calculated
imaging shows a fourfold ``star'' shape of the local density of states whose
orientation is energy dependent. It is also found that, although the
zero-energy states are extended, the core states of finite energy level could
be localized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98049 </DOCNO>
Correspondances de Langlands locales dans la cohomologie des espaces de


  We generalize the work of M. Harris and R. Taylor on the local Langlands
correspondence for the linear group over $\mathbb{Q}_p$. We prove some cases of
the Kottwitz conjectures for the supercuspidal part of the compactly supported
$\ell$-adic cohomology of Rapoport-Zink rigid-analytic spaces. This means that
we decompose this part in terms of local Langlands correspondences.
  In particular, we prove the first case of a non-abelian reciprocity law
constructed geometrically and associated to groups other than inner forms of
the linear group. More precisely, we do this for the unramified unitary group
in three variables over $\mathbb{Q}_p$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7051 </DOCNO>
Orbital Ordering in Paramagnetic LaMnO3 and KCuF3


  {\it Ab-initio} studies of the stability of orbital ordering, its coupling to
magnetic structure and its possible origins (electron-phonon and/or
electron-electron interactions) are reported for two perovskite systems,
LaMnO$_3$ and KCuF$_3$. We present a new Average Spin State (ASS) calculational
scheme that allowed us to treat a paramagnetic state. Using this scheme, we
succesfully described the experimental magnetic/orbital phase diagram of both
LaMnO$_3$ and KCuF$_3$ in crystal structures when the Jahn-Teller distortions
are neglected. Hence, we conclude that the orbital ordering in both compounds
is purely electronic in origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169508 </DOCNO>
Momentum kicks due to quantum localization


  The momentum changes caused by position measurements are a central feature of
wave-particle duality. Here we investigate two cases - localization by a single
slit, and which-way detection in the double-slit interference experiment - and
examine in detail the associated momentum changes. Particular attention is
given to the transfer of momentum between particle and detector, and the recoil
of the measuring device. We find that single-slit diffraction relies on a form
of `interaction-free' scattering, and that an ideal which-way measurement can
be made without any back-reaction on the detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4006 </DOCNO>
Direct observation of nm-scale Mg- and B-oxide phases at grain


  Here we describe the results of an atomic resolution study of the structure
and composition of both the interior of the grains, and the grain boundaries in
polycrystalline MgB2. We find that there is no oxygen within the bulk of the
grains but significant oxygen enrichment at the grain boundaries. The majority
of grain boundaries contain BOx phases smaller than the coherence length, while
others contain larger areas of MgO sandwiched between BOx layers. Such results
naturally explain the differences in connectivity between the grains observed
by other techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98784 </DOCNO>
The Atiyah-Hitchin Bracket and 1D Integrable Systems


  Integrable equations analysed by the inverse spectral transform are
Hamiltonian systems. We demonstrate that the Hamiltonian formalism is
intrinsically buld into the spectral theory. The Poisson bracket on the phase
space is an image of the Atiyah--Hitchin bracket on Weyl functions under the
inverse spectral transform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86229 </DOCNO>
Conformal mechanics on rotating Bertotti-Robinson spacetime


  We investigate conformal mechanics associated with the rotating
Bertotti-Robinson (RBR) geometry found recently as the near-horizon limit of
the extremal rotating Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion black holes. The solution
breaks the $SL(2,R)\times SO(3)$ symmetry of Bertotti-Robinson (BR) spacetime
to $SL(2,R)\times U(1)$ and breaks supersymmetry in the sense of $N=4, d=4$
supergravity as well. However, it shares with BR such properties as confinement
of timelike geodesics and discreteness of the energy of test fields on the
geodesically complete manifold. Conformal mechanics governing the radial
geodesic motion coincides with that for a charged particle in the BR background
(a relativistic version of the De Alfaro-Fubini-Furlan model), with the
azimuthal momentum playing the role of a charge. Similarly to the BR case, the
transition from Poincar\'e to global coordinates leads to a redefinition of the
Hamiltonian making the energy spectrum discrete. Although the metric does not
split into a product space even asymptotically, it still admits an
infinite-dimensional extension of $SL(2,R)$ as asymptotic symmetry. The latter
is shown to be given by the product of one copy of the Virasoro algebra and
U(1), the same being valid for the extremal Kerr throat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168670 </DOCNO>
A Method for Justification of the View of Observables in Quantum


  There are considered some corollaries of certain hypotheses on the
observation process of microphenomena. We show that an enlargement of the phase
space and of its motion group and an account for the diffusion motions of
microsystems in the enlarged space, the motions which act by small random
translations along the enlarged group, lead to observable quantum effects. This
approach enables one to recover probability distributions in the phase space
for wave functions. The parameters of the model considered here are estimated
on the base of Lamb's shift in the spectrum of the hydrogen's atom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2964 </DOCNO>
Origin of G-type Antiferromagnetism and Orbital-Spin Structures in ${\rm


  The possibility of the $D_{3d}$ distortion of ${\rm TiO}_6$ octahedra is
examined theoretically in order to understand the origin of the G-type
antiferromagnetism (AFM(G)) and experimentally observed puzzling properties of
${\rm LaTiO}_3$. By utilizing an effective spin and pseudospin Hamiltonian with
the strong Coulomb repulsion, it is shown that AFM(G) state is stabilized
through the lift of the $t_{2g}$-orbital degeneracy accompanied by a tiny
$D_{3d}$-distortion . The estimated spin-exchange interaction is in agreement
with that obtained by the neutron scattering. Moreover, the level-splitting
energy due to the distortion can be considerably larger than the spin-orbit
interaction even when the distortion becomes smaller than the detectable limit
under the available experimental resolution. This suggests that the orbital
momentum is fully quenched and the relativistic spin-orbit interaction is not
effective in this system, in agreement with recent neutron-scattering
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168358 </DOCNO>
Experimental Four-photon Entanglement and High-fidelity Teleportation


  We experimentally demonstrate observation of highly pure four-photon GHZ
entanglement produced by parametric down-conversion and a projective
measurement. At the same time this also demonstrates teleportation of
entanglement with very high purity. Not only does the achieved high visibility
enable various novel tests of quantum nonlocality, it also opens the
possibility to experimentally investigate various quantum computation and
communication schemes with linear optics. Our technique can in principle be
used to produce entanglement of arbitrarily high order or, equivalently,
teleportation and entanglement swapping over multiple stages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169269 </DOCNO>
Conditional Spin Resonance with Trapped Ions


  Internal states of different ions in an electrodynamic trap are coupled when
a static magnetic field is applied -- analogous to spin-spin coupling in
molecules used for NMR. This spin-spin interaction can be used, for example, to
implement quantum logic operations in ion traps using NMR methods. The
collection of trapped ions can be viewed as a $N$-qubit molecule with
adjustable coupling constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98199 </DOCNO>
AF-embeddability of crossed products of Cuntz algebras


  We investigate crossed products of Cuntz algebras by quasi-free actions of
abelian groups. We prove that our algebras are AF-embeddable when actions
satisfy a certain condition. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition
that our algebras become simple and purely infinite, and consequently our
algebras are either purely infinite or AF-embeddable when they are simple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3529 </DOCNO>
The phase diagram of the hexagonal lattice quantum dimer model


  We discuss the phase diagram of the quantum dimer model on the hexagonal
(honeycomb) lattice. In addition to the columnar and staggered valence bond
solids which have been discussed in previous work, we establish the existence
of a plaquette valence bond solid. The transition between the plaquette and
columnar phases at $v/t=-0.2 \pm 0.05$ is argued to be first order. We note
that this model should describe valence bond dominated phases of frustrated
Heisenberg models on the hexagonal lattice and discuss its relation to recent
exact diagonalisation work by J.B. Fouet etal on the J_1-J_2 model on the same
lattice. Our results also shed light on the properties of the transverse field
Ising antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice and the classical Ising
antiferromagnet on the stacked triangular lattice, which are related to dimer
models by duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87313 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Multi-Component, Multi-Field Quintessence


  Dynamics of the multi-component, multi-field quintessence and gravity is
formulated as relativistic N-particle dynamics, embedded in a static viscus
flat space and under the forces given by an interacting Lorentz scalar
potential via exchange of field bosons. The Ratra-Peebles power-law potential
of effective single-field quintessence can be derived from this microscopic
perspective. In certain situations, the effective dynamics can be made
identical to that of the single complex quintessence, except for that the
overall U(1) symmetry is not manifestly broken. The present formulation
provides a convenient gauge for analyzing the superhorizon perturbations and
possibly for quantization of superhorizon fields and gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 900 </DOCNO>
Momentum-Resolved Charge Excitations in a Prototype One Dimensional Mott


  We report momentum resolved charge excitations in a one dimensional (1-D)
Mott insulator studied using high resolution (~ 325 meV) inelastic x-ray
scattering over the entire Brillouin zone for the first time. Excitations at
the insulating gap edge are found to be highly dispersive (momentum
dependent)compared to excitations observed in two dimensional Mott insulators.
The observed dispersion in 1-D is consistent with charge excitations involving
holons which is unique to spin-1/2 quantum chain systems. These results point
to the potential utility of inelastic x-ray scattering in providing valuable
information about electronic structure of strongly correlated insulators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74013 </DOCNO>
Difficulties in Obtaining Weak Phases from $b\to d$ Penguin Decays


  We re-examine a recent proposal for obtaining \beta using the measurements of
the b -> d penguin decays B_d(t) -> K^0 \kbar and B_s(t) -> \phi K_S, along
with a theoretical assumption. We show that there are in fact three assumptions
one can make, so that the method can in principle be used to extract \alpha,
\beta or \gamma. We also show that it is the assumption which yields \gamma
which is the best. However, the theoretical error on this assumption is still
25-30%, which leads to an error on \gamma of at least 20-25%. Given our current
understanding of hadronic physics, it does not seem possible to reduce this
error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76175 </DOCNO>
Infrared quasi-fixed solutions in the NMSSM


  The considerable part of the parameter space in the MSSM corresponding to the
infrared quasi fixed point scenario is almost excluded by LEP II bounds on the
lightest Higgs boson mass. In the NMSSM the mass of the lightest Higgs boson
reaches its maximum value in the strong Yukawa coupling limit when Yukawa
couplings are essentially larger than gauge ones at the Grand Unification
scale. In this limit the solutions of the renormalisation group equations are
attracted to the infrared and Hill type effective fixed lines or surfaces in
the Yukawa coupling parameter space. They are concentrated in the vicinity of
quasi fixed points for $Y_i(0)\to\infty$. However the solutions are attracted
to such points rather weakly. For this reason when all $Y_i(0)\sim 1$ the
solutions of the renormalisation group equations are gathered near a line in
the Hill type effective surface. In the paper the approximate solutions for the
NMSSM Yukawa couplings are given. The possibility of $b$--quark and
$\tau$--lepton Yukawa coupling unification at the scale $M_{X}$ is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6847 </DOCNO>
Mean field effects in a trapped classical gas


  In this article, we investigate mean field effects for a bosonic gas
harmonically trapped above the transition temperature in the collisionless
regime. We point out that those effects can play also a role in low dimensional
system. Our treatment relies on the Boltzmann equation with the inclusion of
the mean field term.
 The equilibrium state is first discussed. The dispersion relation for
collective oscillations (monopole, quadrupole, dipole modes) is then derived.
In particular, our treatment gives the frequency of the monopole mode in an
isotropic and harmonic trap in the presence of mean field in all dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75403 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic QCD and the Theta Vacua


  The partition function of QCD is analyzed for an arbitrary number of flavors,
N_f, and arbitrary quark masses including the contributions from all
topological sectors in the Leutwyler--Smilga regime. For given N_f and
arbitrary vacuum angle, \theta, the partition function can be reduced to N_f-2
angular integrations of single Bessel functions. For two and three flavors, the
\theta dependence of the QCD vacuum is studied in detail. For N_f= 2 and 3, the
chiral condensate decreases monotonically as \theta increases from zero to \pi
and the chiral condensate develops a cusp at \theta=\pi for degenerate quark
masses in the macroscopic limit. We find a discontinuity at \theta=\pi in the
first derivative of the energy density with respect to \theta for degenerate
quark masses. This corresponds to the first--order phase transition in which CP
is spontaneously broken, known as Dashen's phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124544 </DOCNO>
Investigation of charge sharing among electrode strips for a CdZnTe


  We have investigated charge sharing among the anode strips of a CdZnTe (CZT)
detector using a 30 micrometer collimated gamma-ray beam. We compared the
laboratory measurements with the predictions from our modeling of the charge
transport within the detector. The results indicate that charge sharing is a
function of the interaction depth and the energy of the incoming photon. Also,
depending on depth, a fraction of the electrons might drift to the inter-anode
region causing incomplete charge collection. Here, we show that photoelectron
range and diffusion of the charge cloud are the principal causes of charge
sharing and obtain limits on the size of the electron cloud as a function of
position in the detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126439 </DOCNO>
Tracking The Baryon Density From The Big Bang To The Present


  The primordial abundances of deuterium, helium, and lithium probe the baryon
density of the universe only a few minutes after the Big Bang. Of these relics
from the early universe, deuterium is the baryometer of choice. After reviewing
the current observational status (a moving target!), the BBN baryon density is
derived and compared to independent estimates of the baryon density several
hundred thousand years after the Big Bang (as inferred from CMB observations)
and at present, more than 10 billion years later. The excellent agreement among
these values represents an impressive confirmation of the standard model of
cosmology, justifying -- indeed, demanding -- more detailed, quantitative
scrutiny. To this end, the corresponding BBN-predicted abundances of helium and
lithium are compared with observations to further test and constrain the
standard, hot, big bang cosmological model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72790 </DOCNO>
The Differential Equation Method: evaluation of complicated Feynman


  We discuss a progress in calculation of Feynman integrals which has been done
with help of the Differential Equation Method and demonstrate the results for a
class of two-point two-loop diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77132 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Standard Model


  The successes and shortcomings of the Standard Model are reviewed, with
emphasis on the reasons motivating the need to extend it. The basic elements of
grand unification and supersymmetry are described, exploring their
phenomenological implications for gauge coupling unification, proton decay,
fermion masses, neutrino physics, collider signatures, dark matter, rare decays
and anomalous magnetic moments. The forthcoming generation of experiments will
certainly expose these ideas to several essential tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4342 </DOCNO>
Charged mobile complexes in magnetic fields: A novel selection rule for


  The implications of magnetic translations for internal optical transitions of
charged mobile electron-hole ($e$--$h$) complexes and ions in a uniform
magnetic field $B$ are discussed. It is shown that transitions of such
complexes are governed by a novel exact selection rule. Internal intraband
transitions of two-dimensional (2D) charged excitons $X^-$ in strong magnetic
fields are considered as an illustrative example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96465 </DOCNO>
Moduli of twisted spin curves


  In this note we give a new, natural construction of a compactification of the
stack of smooth r-spin curves, which we call the stack of stable twisted
$r$-spin curves. This stack is identified with a special case of a stack of
twisted stable maps of Abramovich and Vistoli. Realizations in terms of
admissible G_m-spaces and Q-line bundles are given as well. The infinitesimal
structure of this stack is described in a relatively straightforward manner,
similar to that of usual stable curves.
  We construct representable morphisms from the stacks of stable twisted r-spin
curves to the stacks of stable r-spin curves, and show that they are
isomorphisms. Many delicate features of r-spin curves, including torsion free
sheaves with power maps, arise as simple by-products of twisted spin curves.
Various constructions, such as the d bar-operator of Seeley and Singer and
Witten's cohomology class go through without complications in the setting of
twisted spin curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4904 </DOCNO>
The relative importance of electron-electron interactions compared to


  The effect of substrate bias and surface gate voltage on the low temperature
resistivity of a Si-MOSFET is studied for electron concentrations where the
resistivity increases with increasing temperature. This technique offers two
degrees of freedom for controlling the electron concentration and the device
mobility, thereby providing a means to evaluate the relative importance of
electron-electron interactions and disorder in this so-called ``metallic''
regime. For temperatures well below the Fermi temperature, the data obey a
scaling law where the disorder parameter ($k_{\rm{F}}l$), and not the
concentration, appears explicitly. This suggests that interactions, although
present, do not alter the Fermi-liquid properties of the system fundamentally.
Furthermore, this experimental observation is reproduced in results of
calculations based on temperature-dependent screening, in the context of
Drude-Boltzmann theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75527 </DOCNO>
Kaon Interferometry: A Sensitive Probe of the QCD Equation of State?


  We calculate the kaon HBT radius parameters for high energy heavy ion
collisions, assuming a first order phase transition from a thermalized
Quark-Gluon-Plasma to a gas of hadrons. At high transverse momenta K_T ~ 1
GeV/c direct emission from the phase boundary becomes important, the emission
duration signal, i.e., the R_out/R_side ratio, and its sensitivity to T_c (and
thus to the latent heat of the phase transition) are enlarged. Moreover, the
QGP+hadronic rescattering transport model calculations do not yield unusual
large radii (R_i<9fm). Finite momentum resolution effects have a strong impact
on the extracted HBT parameters (R_i and lambda) as well as on the ratio
R_out/R_side.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3942 </DOCNO>
Hidden topological order in $^{23}Na (F=1)$ Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We show the existence of a new hidden topological order in $^{23}Na$ (F=1)
Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) with antiferromagnetic interactions. Occurrence
of this order is due to the confinement of hedgehogs in BEC where a spin
Josephson effect takes place. However, a topological long range order is also
argued to coexist with a short range spin correlation, as a result of
topological order from disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2899 </DOCNO>
Electronic EPR-like experiments with superconductors


  We discuss a few situations related to non separable correlations in
multiterminal hybrid structures. We show that the existence of such
correlations can modify the strength of the gap of the superconductor. We
discuss linear combinations of non local Cooper pairs. We discuss a possible
transport experiment intended to probe non separable correlations. The models
are worked out at the heuristic level of effective single site Green's
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98745 </DOCNO>
The signature of a toric variety


  We identify a combinatorial quantity (the alternating sum of the h-vector)
defined for any simple polytope as the signature of a toric variety. This
quantity was introduced by Charney and Davis in their work, which in particular
showed that its non-negativity is closely related to a conjecture of Hopf on
the Euler characteristic of a non-positively curved manifold.
    We prove positive (or non-negative) lower bounds for this quantity under
geometric hypotheses on the polytope. These hypotheses lead to ampleness (or
weaker conditions) for certain line bundles on toric divisors, and then the
lower bounds follow from calculations using the Hirzebruch Signature Formula.
    Moreoever, we show that under these hypotheses on the polytope, the i-th
L-class of the corresponding toric variety is (-1)^i times an effective class
for any i.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114368 </DOCNO>
The National Ignition Facility: Status and Plans for Laser Fusion and


  The National Ignition Facility (NIF) currently under construction at the
University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is a
192-beam, 1.8-megajoule, 500-terawatt, 351-nm laser for inertial confinement
fusion (ICF) and high-energy-density experimental studies. NIF is being built
by the Department of Energy and the National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) to
provide an experimental test bed for the U.S. Stockpile Stewardship Program to
ensure the country's nuclear deterrent without underground nuclear testing. The
experimental program will encompass a wide range of physical phenomena from
fusion energy production to materials science. Of the roughly 700 shots
available per year, about 10% will be dedicated to basic science research.
Laser hardware is modularized into line replaceable units (LRUs) such as
deformable mirrors, amplifiers, and multi-function sensor packages that are
operated by a distributed computer control system of nearly 60,000 control
points. The supervisory control room presents facility-wide status and
orchestrates experiments using operating parameters predicted by physics
models. A network of several hundred front-end processors (FEPs) implements
device control. The object-oriented software system is implemented in the Ada
and Java languages and emphasizes CORBA distribution of reusable software
objects. NIF is currently scheduled to provide first light in 2004 and will be
completed in 2008.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1699 </DOCNO>
Why stripes? Spontaneous formation of inhomogeneous structures due to


  We argue that elastic interactions between ions in different valence states
can play an essential role in stabilization of stripes(or 2D "sheets")in doped
oxides. These interactions are in general long-range and anisotropic
(attractive in certain directions and repulsive in others). This can naturally
give rise to stripe-like structures in insulating materials. We illustrate this
general idea with certain specific examples and show that the situation can be
described by the Ising model with anisotropic interactions. The case of
anisotropic impurities, relevant e.g. for manganites, is also briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96481 </DOCNO>
Deformations of the Picard Bundle


  Let X be a nonsingular projective algebraic curve of genus g\ge3. We consider
the moduli space M of stable bundles of fixed determinant with rank n and
degree d coprime and d>n(2g-2). There is a universal bundle on XxM and we
consider the direct image of this bundle on M. With the given restriction on d,
this is a bundle W called the Picard bundle. Our main object in this paper is
to compute the infinitesimal deformations of W. We show also that W possesses a
moduli space and that the connected component of this moduli space containing W
is isomorphic as a polarised variety to the Jacobian of X.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126459 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Accretion Disk Corona Source


  We present a preliminary analysis of the X-ray spectrum of the accretion disk
corona source, 4U 1822-37, obtained with the High Energy Transmission Grating
Spectrometer onboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We detect discrete emission
lines from photoionized iron, silicon, magnesium, neon, and oxygen, as well as
a bright iron fluorescence line. Phase-resolved spectroscopy suggests that the
recombination emission comes from an X-ray illuminated bulge located at the
predicted point of impact between the disk and the accretion stream. The
fluorescence emission originates in an extended region on the disk that is
illuminated by light scattered from the corona.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3985 </DOCNO>
The Pseudogap in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ from NMR in High Magnetic


  We report $^{17}$O(2,3) and $^{63}$Cu(2) spin-lattice relaxation rates and
the $^{17}$O(2,3) spin-spin relaxation rate in different magnetic fields in
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ near $T_c$. Together these measurements enable us to test
the magnetic field dependence of the pseudogap effect on the spin
susceptibility in different regions of the Brillouin zone using the known form
factors for different nuclei as filters. Thus, we study the momentum dispersion
of the pseudogap behavior. We find that near the antiferromagnetic wave vector
the pseudogap is insensitive to magnetic fields up to 15 T. In the remaining
region, away from the $(\pi,\pi)$ point, the pseudogap shows a magnetic field
dependence at fields less then 10 T. The first result is indicative of the
opening of a spin-pseudogap that suppresses antiferromagnetic correlations
below a temperature $T^*$; whereas, the second result shows the effect of
pairing fluctuations on the spin susceptibility as a precursory effect of
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85930 </DOCNO>
Exact relativistic treatment of stationary counter-rotating dust disks


  This is the first in a series of papers on the construction of explicit
solutions to the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations which describe
counter-rotating disks of dust. These disks can serve as models for certain
galaxies and accretion disks in astrophysics. We review the Newtonian theory
for disks using Riemann-Hilbert methods which can be extended to some extent to
the relativistic case where they lead to modular functions on Riemann surfaces.
In the case of compact surfaces these are Korotkin's finite gap solutions which
we will discuss in this paper. On the axis we establish for general genus
relations between the metric functions and hence the multipoles which are
enforced by the underlying hyperelliptic Riemann surface. Generalizing these
results to the whole spacetime we are able in principle to study the classes of
boundary value problems which can be solved on a given Riemann surface. We
investigate the cases of genus 1 and 2 of the Riemann surface in detail and
construct the explicit solution for a family of disks with constant angular
velocity and constant relative energy density which was announced in a previous
Physical Review Letter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7186 </DOCNO>
Local density of states in superconductor-strong ferromagnet structures


  We study the dependence of the local density of states (LDOS) on coordinates
for a superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) bilayer and a S/F/S structure assuming
that the exchange energy h in the ferromagnet is sufficiently large: $% h\tau
>>1,$ where $\tau $ is the elastic relaxation time. This limit cannot be
described by the Usadel equation and we solve the more general Eilenberger
equation. We demonstrate that, in the main approximation in the parameter $%
(h\tau)^{-1}$, the proximity effect does not lead to a modification of the LDOS
in the S/F system and a non-trivial dependence on coordinates shows up in next
orders in $(h\tau) ^{-1}.$ In the S/F/S sandwich the correction to the LDOS is
nonzero in the main approximation and depends on the phase difference between
the superconductors. We also calculate the superconducting critical temperature
$T_{c}$ for the bilayered system and show that it does not depend on the
exchange energy of the ferromagnet in the limit of large h and a thick F layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149881 </DOCNO>
A black hole hologram in de Sitter space


  In this paper we show that the entropy of de Sitter space with a black hole
in arbitrary dimension can be understood using a modified Cardy-Verlinde
entropy formula. We also comment on the observer dependence of the de Sitter
entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168746 </DOCNO>
Observation of Nonclassical Photon Statistics due to Quantum


  The nonclassical effect of photon anti-bunching is observed in the mixed
field of a narrow band two-photon source and a coherent field under certain
condition. A variety of different features in photon statistics are found to be
the consequence of a two-photon interference effect with dependence on the
relative phase of the fields. Besides the anti-bunching effect, we find another
one of the features to be also nonclassical. These features emphasize the
importance of quantum entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72593 </DOCNO>
Potential of Photon Collider in resolving SM-like scenarios


  After operations at the LHC and e^+e^- Linear Colliders it may be found that
a Standard-Model-like scenario is realized. In this scenario no new particle
will be discovered, except a single Higgs boson having partial widths or
coupling constants squared with fundamental particles close, within anticipated
experimental uncertainty, to those of the SM. Experiments at a Photon Collider
can resolve whether the SM model or e.g. the Two Higgs Doublet Model is
realized in Nature.
  For the SM-like version of the 2HDM (II) we study the loop couplings of the
Higgs boson with \gamma\gamma and Z \gamma, and also with gluons. The deviation
of the two-photon width from its SM value is generally higher than the expected
inaccuracy in the measurement of \Gamma_{\gamma \gamma} at a Photon Collider.
The result is sensitive to the parameters of the Higgs self interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83 </DOCNO>
Magneto-photoluminescence of GaN/AlGaN quantum wells: valence band


  A re-ordered valence band in GaN/AlGaN quantum wells with respect to GaN
epilayers has been found as a result of the observation of an enhanced g-factor
in magneto-luminescence spectra in fields up to 55 T. This has been caused by a
reversal of the states in the strained AlGaN barriers thus giving different
barrier heights for the different quantum well hole states. From k.p
calculations in the quasi-cubic approximation, a change in the valence-band
ordering will account for the observed values for the g-factors.
  We have also observed the well-width dependence of the in-plane extent of the
excitonic wavefunction from which we infer an increase in the exciton binding
energy with the reduction of the well width in general agreement with
theoretical calculations of Bigenwald et al (phys. stat. sol. (b) 216, 371
(1999)) that uses a variational approach in the envelope function formalism
that includes the effect of the electric field in the wells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1515 </DOCNO>
Critical Temperature Shift in Weakly Interacting Bose Gas


  With a high-performance Monte Carlo algorithm we study the
interaction-induced shift of the critical point in weakly interacting
three-dimensional $|\psi|^4$-theory (which includes quantum Bose gas). In terms
of critical density, $n_c$, mass, $m$, interaction, $U$, and temperature, $T$,
this shift is universal: $\Delta n_c(T) = - C m^3 T^2 U$, the constant $C$
found to be equal to $0.0140 \pm 0.0005$. For quantum Bose gas with the
scattering length $a$ this implies $\Delta T_c/T_c = C_0 a n^{1/3}$, with
$C_0=1.29 \pm 0.05$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127684 </DOCNO>
Discovery of close companions to the nearby young stars HD 199143 and HD


  Young stellar systems in the solar neighborhood provide valuable laboratories
for detailed studies of star and planet formation. The bright F8V star HD
199143 and the Li-rich late-type emission line star HD 358623 are among the
nearest young stars identified to date, and may be members of a young
association in Capricornus. We present high-resolution near-infrared images of
these two sources, obtained using the adaptive optics system on the 3.6-meter
telescope at the European Southern Observatory in La Silla, Chile. Our
observations reveal that both are in fact close binary systems. The newly
discovered companion at a separation of $\sim$1'' may account for the unusual
characteristics of HD 199143 --rapid rotation, emission lines, ultraviolet
variability, and excess infrared emission-- recently discussed by van den
Ancker and co-workers. HD 199143 may be a rare example of a close binary with
only a circum{\it secondary} disk. With the detection of a $\sim$2'' companion,
HD 358623 is now possibly one of the closest known T Tauri binaries. Both
binary systems are prime targets for follow-up spectroscopic and astrometric
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86354 </DOCNO>
Conserved quantities in a black hole collision


  The Newman-Penrose constants of the spacetime corresponding to the
development of the Brill-Lindquist initial data are calculated by making use of
a particular representation of spatial infinity due to H. Friedrich. The
Brill-Lindquist initial data set represents the head-on collision of two
non-rotating black holes. In this case one non-zero constant is obtained. Its
value is given in terms of the product of the individual masses of the black
holes and the square of a distance parameter separating the two black holes.
This constant retains its value all along null infinity, and therefore it
provides information about the late time evolution of the collision process. In
particular, it is argued that the magnitude of the constants provides
information about the amount of residual radiation contained in the spacetime
after the collision of the black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127641 </DOCNO>
The Age of the Universe and the Cosmological Constant Determined from


  If Omega_tot = 1 and structure formed from adiabatic initial conditions then
the age of the Universe, as constrained by measurements of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB), is t_0=14.0 +/- 0.5 Gyr. The uncertainty is surprisingly
small given that CMB data alone constrain neither h nor Omega_Lambda
significantly. It is due to the tight (and accidental) correlation, in these
models, of the age with the angle subtended by the sound horizon on the
last--scattering surface and thus with the well-determined acoustic peak
locations. If we assume either the HST Key Project result h = 0.72 \pm .08 or
simply that h > 0.55, we find Omega_Lambda > 0.4 at 95% confidence--another
argument for dark energy, independent of supernovae observations. Our analysis
is greatly simplified by the Monte Carlo Markov chain approach to Bayesian
inference combined with a fast method for calculating angular power spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6134 </DOCNO>
Dense granular media as athermal glasses


  I briefly describe how mean-field glass models can be extended to the case in
which the bath and friction are non-thermal, thus promoting them to granular
matter mean-field caricatures. Solving their dynamics one discovers a
temperature with a thermodynamic meaning associated with the slow
rearrangements, even though there is no thermodynamic temperature at level of
fast dynamics. This temperature can be shown to match the one defined on the
basis of a flat measure over blocked (jammed) configurations. Numerical checks
on realistic systems suggest that these features may be valid in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168163 </DOCNO>
Comment on: Necessary and sufficient condition of separability of any


  In a recent paper (quant-ph/0102133) Chen, Liang, Li and Huang suggest a
necessary and sufficient separability criterion, which is supposedly practical
in judging the separability of any mixed state. In this note we briefly
recapitulate their main result and show that it is a reformulation of the
problem rather than a practical criterion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169502 </DOCNO>
Momentum in stochastic quantum mechanics


  Momentum is analyzed as a random variable in stochastic quantum mechanics.
Arbitrary potential energy functions are considered. The oscillator is
presented as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148844 </DOCNO>
A note on half-supersymmetric bound states in M-theory and type IIA


  By using O(7,7) transformations, to deform D6-branes, we obtain
half-supersymmetric bound state solutions of type IIA supergravity, containing
D6, D4, D2, D0, F1-branes and waves. We lift the solutions to M-theory which
gives half-supersymmetric M-theory bound states, e.g. KK6-M5-M5-M5-M2-M2-M2-MW.
We also take near horizon limits for the type IIA solutions, which gives
supergravity duals of 7-dimensional non-commutative open string theory (with
space-time and space-space non-commutativity), non-commutative Yang-Mills
theory (with space-space and light-like non-commutativity) and an open D4-brane
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129689 </DOCNO>
Supernova-Neutrino Studies with $^{100}$Mo


  We show that supernova neutrinos can be studied by observing their
charged-current interactions with $^{100}$Mo, which has strong spin-isospin
giant resonances. Information about both the effective temperature of the
electron neutrino sphere and the oscillation into electron neutrinos of other
flavors can be extracted from the electron (inverse $\beta$) spectrum. We use
measured hadronic charge-exchange spectra and the Quasiparticle Random Phase
Approximation to calculate the charged-current response of $^{100}$Mo to
electron neutrinos from supernovae, with and without the assumption of
oscillations. A scaled up version of the MOON detector for $\beta \beta$ and
solar-neutrino studies could potentially be useful for spectroscopic studies of
supernova neutrinos as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4288 </DOCNO>
Andreev Reflection in Narrow Ferromagnet/Superconductor Point Contacts


  The Andreev reflection of narrow ferromagnet/superconductor point contacts is
theoretically studied. We show that the conductance quantization depends on
whether the contact region is superconducting or ferromagnetic as well as on
the strength of the exchange field in the ferromagnet. The Andreev reflection
of the ferromagnetic contact is more suppressed than that of the
superconducting contact. We also show that the conductance-voltage curve has a
bump at zero bias-voltage if there is no interfacial-scattering. On the
contrary, the conductance-voltage curve shows a dip if the system has an
interfacial-scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41056 </DOCNO>
Recent Results on Strangeness Production from CERN Experiment NA49


  New results from NA49 on the production of strangeness in elementary and
nuclear reactions are presented. New measurements of charged kaon and pion
production have been obtained from 40 AGeV Pb+Pb collisions. The evolution of
strange meson yields in nucleus-nucleus interactions is studied as a function
of collision energy and system size. Cascade baryon yields are presented for a
wide range of hadronic interactions including first measurements in p+p and
centrality controlled p+Pb collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75927 </DOCNO>
The charm quark's mass in quenched QCD


  We present our preliminary result for the charmed quark mass, which follows
from taking the D_s and K meson masses from experiment and r0=0.5 fm (or,
equivalently F_K=160 MeV) to set the scale. For the renormalization group
invariant quark mass we obtain M_c = 1684(64) MeV, which translates to
m_c(m_c)= 1314 (40)(20)(7) MeV for the running mass in the MSbar scheme.
Renormalization is treated non-perturbatively, and the continuum limit has been
taken, so that the only uncontrolled systematic error consists in the use of
the quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4710 </DOCNO>
Spinodal Decomposition in a Binary Polymer Mixture: Dynamic Self


  We investigate how the dynamics of a single chain influences the kinetics of
early stage phase separation in a symmetric binary polymer mixture. We consider
quenches from the disordered phase into the region of spinodal instability. On
a mean field level we approach this problem with two methods: a dynamical
extension of the self consistent field theory for Gaussian chains, with the
density variables evolving in time, and the method of the external potential
dynamics where the effective external fields are propagated in time. Different
wave vector dependencies of the kinetic coefficient are taken into account.
These early stages of spinodal decomposition are also studied through Monte
Carlo simulations employing the bond fluctuation model that maps the chains --
in our case with 64 effective segments -- on a coarse grained lattice. The
results obtained through self consistent field calculations and Monte Carlo
simulations can be compared because the time, length, and temperature scales
are mapped onto each other through the diffusion constant, the chain extension,
and the energy of mixing. The quantitative comparison of the relaxation rate of
the global structure factor shows that a kinetic coefficient according to the
Rouse model gives a much better agreement than a local, i.e. wave vector
independent, kinetic factor. Including fluctuations in the self consistent
field calculations leads to a shorter time span of spinodal behaviour and a
reduction of the relaxation rate for smaller wave vectors and prevents the
relaxation rate from becoming negative for larger values of the wave vector.
This is also in agreement with the simulation results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4291 </DOCNO>
A New Spin-Orbit Induced Universality Class in the Quantum Hall Regime ?


  Using heuristic arguments and numerical simulations it is argued that the
critical exponent $\nu$ describing the localization length divergence at the
quantum Hall transition is modified in the presence of spin-orbit scattering
with short range correlations. The exponent is very close to $\nu=4/3$, the
percolation correlation length exponent, the prediction of a semi-classical
argument. In addition, a region of weakly localized regime, where the
localization length is exponentially large, is conjectured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125989 </DOCNO>
Archeops: A High Resolution, Large Sky Coverage Balloon Experiment for


  Archeops is a balloon-borne instrument dedicated to measuring cosmic
microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies at high angular resolution
(8 arcminutes) over a large fraction (25%) of the sky in the millimetre domain.
Based on Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) technology, cooled bolometers
(0.1 K) scan the sky in total power mode with large circles at constant
elevation. During the course of a 24-hour Arctic-night balloon flight, Archeops
will observe a complete annulus on the sky in four frequency bands centered at
143, 217, 353 and 545 GHz with an expected sensitivity to CMB fluctuations of
\~100muK for each of the 90 thousand 20 arcminute average pixels. We describe
the instrument and its performance obtained during a test flight from Trapani
(Sicily) to Spain in July 1999.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83914 </DOCNO>
Computer Security: Competing Concepts


  This paper focuses on a tension we discovered in the philosophical part of
our multidisciplinary project on values in web-browser security. Our project
draws on the methods and perspectives of empirical social science, computer
science, and philosophy to identify values embodied in existing web-browser
security and also to prescribe changes to existing systems (in particular,
Mozilla) so that values relevant to web-browser systems are better served than
presently they are. The tension, which we had not seen explicitly addressed in
any other work on computer security, emerged when we set out to extract from
the concept of security the set values that ought to guide the shape of
web-browser security. We found it impossible to construct an internally
consistent set of values until we realized that two robust -- and in places
competing -- conceptions of computer security were influencing our thinking. We
needed to pry these apart and make a primary commitment to one. One conception
of computer security invokes the ordinary meaning of security. According to it,
computer security should protect people -- computer users -- against dangers,
harms, and threats. Clearly this ordinary conception of security is already
informing much of the work and rhetoric surrounding computer security. But
another, substantively richer conception, also defines the aims and trajectory
of computer security -- computer security as an element of national security.
Although, like the ordinary conception, this one is also concerned with
protection against threats, its primary subject is the state, not the
individual. The two conceptions suggest divergent system-specifications, not
for all mechanisms but a significant few.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73762 </DOCNO>
Direct photons and thermal dileptons: A theoretical review


  We discuss the measurement of electromagnetic radiation produced in heavy ion
collisions at SPS energies. We review the low invariant mass dilepton sector,
the real photon data, and the spectra of intermediate mass dimuons. Along with
this, we discuss the theoretical interpretations of those observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81353 </DOCNO>
Staggered domain wall fermions


  Staggered Domain Wall Fermions (SDWF) combine the attractive chiral
properties of staggered fermions with those of domain wall fermions. SDWF
describe four flavors with exact U(1)xU(1) flavor chiral symmetry. An extra
lattice dimension is introduced and the full SU(4)xSU(4) flavor chiral symmetry
is recovered as its size is increased. Here, the free theory of SDWF is
described and a preliminary discussion of the interacting case is presented.
SDWF may be well suited for numerical simulation of lattice QCD thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97300 </DOCNO>
Canonical bases and quiver varieties


  We prove the existence of canonical bases in the K-theory of quiver
varieties. This existence was conjectured by Lusztig.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179235 </DOCNO>
Broad Band Equilibration of Strangeness


  We develop the "broad band equilibration" scenario for kaon productions at
GSI energies with in-medium effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98407 </DOCNO>
Crepant Resolutions of Gorenstein Toric Singularities and Upper Bound


  A necessary condition for the existence of torus-equivariant crepant
resolutions of Gorenstein toric singularities can be derived by making use of a
variant of the classical Upper Bound Theorem which is valid for simplicial
balls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129209 </DOCNO>
Millisecond Pulsars as Probes of Mass Segregation in the Galactic Center


  We propose a simple test for the existence of a cluster of black hole
remnants around Sgr A* that is based on a small sample of any type of Galactic
Center objects, provided they are substantially less massive than the black
holes and constitute part of an old (> 1 Gyr) population. The test relies on
the fact that, under the presence of such a cluster of heavy remnants and
because of energy equipartition, lower mass objects would be expelled from the
central regions and settle into a distribution very different than the cusp
expected to be induced by the supermassive black hole alone. We show that with
a sample of just 50 objects and using only their angular positions on the sky
relative to Sgr A* it is possible to clearly differentiate between a
distribution consistent with the presence of the cluster of black holes and a
power-law cusp distribution. We argue that millisecond pulsars might currently
be the best candidate to perform this test, because of the large uncertainties
involved in the age determination of less exotic objects. In addition, by
measuring their first and second period derivatives, millisecond pulsars offer
the rare opportunity of determining the complete phase space information of the
objects. We show that this extra information improves the detection of mass
segregation by about 30%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179450 </DOCNO>
The low-energy nuclear density of states and the saddle point


  The nuclear density of states plays an important role in nuclear reactions.
At high energies, above a few MeV, the nuclear density of states is well
described by a formula that depends on the smooth single particle density of
states at the Fermi surface, the nuclear shell correction and the pairing
energy. In this paper we present an analysis of the low energy behaviour of the
nuclear density of states using the saddle point approximation and extensions
to it. Furthermore, we prescribe a simple parabolic form for excitation energy,
in the low energy limit, which may facilitate an easy computation of level
densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73744 </DOCNO>
Nonconservation of global quantum numbers in RSbar-type models


  In Randall-Sundrum type scenarios the effective size of the extra dimension
remains unconstrained. A TeV-scale brane tension without orbifold boundary
conditions would allow phenomenologically observable processes at high energy
colliders. Among others, the brane could fragment into bubbles that fly away
for good or return within a time <O(1 mm)/c. Particles trapped on the bubbles
may fake nonconservation of global or electric charges.
  In this letter we explore the generic (model independent) features of these
bubbles. We describe the brane dynamics by a scalar field coupled derivatively
to the energy momentum tensor by dimension-8 operators. Mass is generated to
this field by any brane stabilization mechanism. The bubbles may be stabilized
by the Casimir effect. When the threshold energy of sqrt{s}~brane tension > TeV
is reached, bubbles with 1/TeV size are copiously produced. At lower sqrt{s},
smaller bubbles can be produced (if they exist) with strongly suppressed
probability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127936 </DOCNO>
Pre-FLAMES Survey: Observations of Selected Stellar Fields


  This paper presents the first set of fully calibrated images and associated
stellar catalogs of the Pre-FLAMES survey being carried out by the ESO Imaging
Survey (EIS) project. The primary goal of this survey is to provide the ESO
community with data sets from which suitable target lists can be extracted for
follow-up observations with the new VLT facility FLAMES. For this purpose 160
stellar fields have been selected for observations in B, V and I using the
8kx8k Wide Field Imager (WFI) at the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope at La Silla. These
data have been used to assess the observing strategy adopted and to define
suitable reduction techniques and procedures for the preparation of input
catalogs for FLAMES. The images and catalogs presented here are publicly
available and can be requested from the URL address ``http://www.eso.org/eis''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149294 </DOCNO>
S-duality for 2-d gravity


  We investigate the analogue of S-duality for 2-d gravity. Our analysis is
based in a partition function associated to the Katanaev-Volovich type action
for 2-d gravity. We find a S-dual 2-d gravitational action which is related to
the original 2-d gravitational action by strong-weak duality transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86505 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity and the Holographic Principle


  In this thesis we study two different approaches to holography, and comment
on the possible relation between them. The first approach is an analysis of the
high-energy regime of quantum gravity in the eikonal approximation, where the
theory reduces to a topological field theory. This is the regime where
particles interact at high energies but with small momentum transfer. We do
this for the cases of asymptotically dS and AdS geometries and find that in
both cases the theory is topological. We discuss the relation of our solutions
in AdS to those of Horowitz and Itzhaki. We also consider quantum gravity away
from the extreme eikonal limit and explain the sense in which the covariance of
the theory is equivalent to taking into account transfer of momentum. The
second approach we pursue is the AdS/CFT correspondence. We provide a
holographic reconstruction of the bulk space-time metric and of bulk fields on
this space-time, out of conformal field theory data. Knowing which sources are
turned on is sufficient in order to obtain an asymptotic expansion of the bulk
metric and of bulk fields near the boundary to high enough order so that all
infrared divergences of the on-shell action are obtained. We provide explicit
formulae for the holographic stress-energy tensors associated with an arbitrary
asymptotically AdS geometry. We also study warped compactifications, where our
d-dimensional world is regarded as a slice of a (d+1)-dimensional space-time,
and analyse in detail the question as to where the d-dimensional observer can
find the information about the extra dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74927 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic Gamma-ray Absorption and the Intrinsic Spectrum of Mkn 501


  Using the recent models of Malkan & Stecker (2001) for the infrared
background radiation and extrapolating them into the optical and UV range using
recent galaxy count data, we rederive the optical depth of the Universe to high
energy gamma-rays as a function of energy and redshift for energies between 50
GeV and 100 TeV and redshifts between 0.03 and 0.3. We then use these results
to derive the intrinsic gamma-ray spectrum of Mkn 501 during its 1997 high
state. We find that the time averaged spectral energy distribution of Mkn 501
while flaring had a broad, flat peak in the 5 to 10 TeV range which corresponds
to a broad, flat time averaged X-ray peak in the 50 to 100 keV range observed
during the flare. The spectral index of our derived intrinsic differential
photon spectrum for Mkn 501 at energies below about 2 TeV was found to be apx.
1.6 to 1.7. This corresponds to a time averaged spectral index of 1.76 found in
soft X-rays at energies below the X-ray (synchrotron) peak. These results
appear to favor a synchrotron-self Compton origin for the TeV emission together
wuth jet parameters which are consistent with time variability constraints
within the context of a simple SSC model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127227 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Radiation and Motion of Really Shaped Particle


  Relativistically covariant form of equation of motion for real particle
(neutral in charge) under the action of electromagnetic radiation is derived.
Various formulations of the equation of motion in the proper frame of reference
of the particle are used.
  Main attention is devoted to the reformulation of the equation of motion in
the general frame of reference, e. g., in the frame of reference of the source
of electromagnetic radiation. This is the crucial form of equation of motion in
applying it to motion of particles (cosmic dust, asteroids, ...) in the
Universe if electromagnetic radiation acts on the particles.
  General relativistic equation of motion is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 62 </DOCNO>
Introducing Protein Folding Using Simple Models


  We discuss recent theoretical developments in the study of simple lattice
models of proteins. Such models are designed to understand general features of
protein structures and mechanism of folding. Among the topics covered are (i)
the use of lattice models to understand the selection of the limited set of
viable protein folds; (ii) the relationship between structure and sequence
spaces; (iii) the application of lattice models for studying folding mechanisms
(topological frustration, kinetic partitioning mechanism). Classification of
folding scenarios based on the intrinsic thermodynamic properties of a sequence
(namely, the collapse and folding transition temperatures) is outlined. A brief
discussion of random heteropolymer model is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85981 </DOCNO>
Gravitational waveforms with controlled accuracy


  A partially first-order form of the characteristic formulation is introduced
to control the accuracy in the computation of gravitational waveforms produced
by highly distorted single black hole spacetimes. Our approach is to reduce the
system of equations to first-order differential form on the angular
derivatives, while retaining the proven radial and time integration schemes of
the standard characteristic formulation. This results in significantly improved
accuracy over the standard mixed-order approach in the extremely nonlinear
post-merger regime of binary black hole collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98331 </DOCNO>
Surfaces with p_{g}=q=2 and an irrational pencil


  We classify all the irrational pencils over the surfaces of general type with
p=q=2. This classification adds a new evidence to a Catanese conjecture which
states that if S has p=q=2 but no irrational pencils then it is the double
cover of a P.P. Abelian variety branched on a reduced divisor linearly
equivalent to twice a theta divisor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73083 </DOCNO>
Electroweak renormalization group corrections in high energy processes


  At energies ($\sqrt{s}$) much higher than the electroweak gauge boson masses
($M$) large logarithmic corrections of the scale ratio $\sqrt{s}/M$ occur.
While the electroweak Sudakov type double (DL) and universal single (SL)
logarithms have recently been resummed, at higher orders the electroweak
renormalization group (RG) corrections are folded with the DL Sudakov
contributions and must be included for a consistent subleading treatment to all
orders. In this paper we derive first all relevant formulae for massless as
well as massive gauge theories including all such terms up to order ${\cal O}
(\alpha^n \beta_0 \log^{2n-1} \frac{s}{M^2})$ by integrating over the
corresponding running couplings. The results for broken gauge theories in the
high energy regime are then given in the framework of the infrared evolution
equation (IREE) method. The analogous QED-corrections below the weak scale $M$
are included by appropriately matching the low energy solution to the
renormalization group improved high energy results. The corrections are valid
for arbitrary external lines and largest in the scalar Goldstone and Higgs
boson sector as well as for transverse gauge bosons. At TeV energies, these
SL-RG terms change scattering cross sections in the percentile regime at two
loops and are thus non-negligible for precision objectives at future linear
colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 569 </DOCNO>
Theoretical study of the dynamic structure factor of superfluid 4He


  We study the dynamic structure factor $S(\vec{q},\omega)$ of superfluid 4He
at zero temperature in the roton momentum region and beyond using
field-theoretical Green's function techniques. We start from the
Gavoret-Nozi\`{e}res two-particle propagator and introduce the concept of
quasiparticles. We treat the residual (weak) interaction between quasiparticles
as being local in coordinate space and weakly energy dependent. Our
quasiparticle model explicitly incorporates the Bose-Einstein condensate. A
complete formula for the dynamic susceptibility, which is related to $S
(\vec{q},\omega)$, is derived. The structure factor is numerically calculated
in a self-consistent way in the special case of a momentum independent
interaction between quasiparticles. Results are compared with experiment and
other theoretical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86077 </DOCNO>
Torsion Degrees of Freedom in the Regge Calculus as Dislocations on the


  Using the notion of a general conical defect, the Regge Calculus is
generalized by allowing for dislocations on the simplicial lattice in addition
to the usual disclinations. Since disclinations and dislocations correspond to
curvature and torsion singularities, respectively, the method we propose
provides a natural way of discretizing gravitational theories with torsion
degrees of freedom like the Einstein-Cartan theory. A discrete version of the
Einstein-Cartan action is given and field equations are derived, demanding
stationarity of the action with respect to the discrete variables of the
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123473 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Stirring and Dissipation of MHD Turbulence in Molecular


  We discuss constraints on the rates of stirring and dissipation of MHD
turbulence in molecular clouds. Recent MHD simulations suggest that turbulence
in clouds decays rapidly, thus providing a significant source of energy input,
particularly if driven at small scales by, for example, bipolar outflows. We
quantify the heating rates by combining the linewidth-size relations, which
describe global cloud properties, with numerically determined dissipation
rates. We argue that, if cloud turbulence is driven on small internal scales,
the $^{12}$CO flux (enhanced by emission from weakly supersonic shocks) will be
much larger than observed; this, in turn, would imply excitation temperatures
significantly above observed values. We reach two conclusions: (1) small-scale
driving by bipolar outflows cannot possibly account for cloud support and yield
long-lived clouds, unless the published MHD dissipation rates are seriously
overestimated; (2) driving on large scales (comparable to the cloud size) is
much more viable from an energetic standpoint, and if the actual net
dissipation rate is only slightly lower than what current MHD simulations
estimate, then the observationally inferred lifetimes and apparent virial
equilibrium of molecular clouds can be explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74238 </DOCNO>
Hadron production in Au-Au collisions at RHIC


  We present an analysis of particle production yields measured in central
Au-Au collisions at RHIC in the framework of the statistical thermal model. We
demonstrate that the model extrapolated from previous analyses at SPS and AGS
energy is in good agreement with the available experimental data at $\sqrt
s=130$ GeV implying a high degree of chemical equilibration. Performing a
$\chi^2$ fit to the data, the range of thermal parameters at chemical freezeout
is determined. At present, the best agreement of the model and the data is
obtained with the baryon chemical potential $\mu_B\simeq 46\pm 5$ MeV and
temperature $T\simeq 174\pm 7$ MeV. More ratios, such as multistrange baryon to
meson, would be required to further constrain the chemical freezeout
conditions. Extrapolating thermal parameters to higher energy, the predictions
of the model for particle production in Au-Au reactions at $\sqrt s=200$ GeV
are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40765 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Inclusive Jet Cross Section in ${\bar p p}$


  We present results from the measurement of the inclusive jet cross section
for jet transverse energies from 40 to 465 GeV in the pseudo-rapidity range
$0.1<|\eta|<0.7$. The results are based on 87 $pb^{-1}$ of data collected by
the CDF collaboration at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The data are
consistent with previously published results. The data are also consistent with
QCD predictions given the flexibility allowed from current knowledge of the
proton parton distributions. We develop a new procedure for ranking the
agreement of the parton distributions with data and find that the data are best
described by QCD predictions using the parton distribution functions which have
a large gluon contribution at high $E_T$ (CTEQ4HJ).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97782 </DOCNO>
One-arm exponent for critical 2D percolation


  The probability that the cluster of the origin in critical site percolation
on the triangular grid has diameter larger than $R$ is proved to decay like
$R^{-5/48}$ as $R\to\infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 106 </DOCNO>
Influence of s-d interfacial scattering on the magnetoresistance of


  We propose the two-band s-d model to describe theoretically a diffuse regime
of the spin-dependent electron transport in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ's)
of the form F/O/F where F's are 3d transition metal ferromagnetic layers and O
is the insulating spacer. We aim to explain the strong interface sensitivity of
the tunneling properties of MTJ's and investigate the influence of electron
scattering at the nonideal interfaces on the degradation of the TMR magnitude.
The generalized Kubo formalism and the Green's functions method were used to
calculate the conductance of the system. The vertex corrections to the
conductivity were found with the use of "ladder" approximation combined with
the coherent-potential approximation (CPA) that allowed to consider the case of
strong electron scattering. It is shown that the Ward identity is satisfied in
the framework of this approximation that provides the necessary condition for a
conservation of a tunneling current. Based on the known results of ab-initio
calculations of the TMR for ballistic junctions, we assume that exchange split
quasi-free s-like electrons with the density of states being greater for the
majority spin sub-band give the main contribution to the TMR effect. We show
that, due to interfacial inter-band scattering, the TMR can be substantially
reduced even down to zero value. This is related to the fact that delocalized
quasi-free electrons can scatter into the strongly localized d sub-band with
the density of states at the Fermi energy being larger for minority spins
compared to majority spins. It is also shown that spin-flip electron scattering
on the surface magnons within the interface leads to a further decrease of the
TMR at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2135 </DOCNO>
Hall effect in underdoped GdBa2Cu3O7-d thin films: evidence for a


  We report on measurements of the resistivity and Hall coefficient in
underdoped GdBa2Cu3O7-d epitaxial thin films grown by off-axis magnetron
sputtering. The films have been lithographically patterned allowing precise
measurements of the temperature dependencies of the inverse Hall constant RH-1
and of the Hall angle theta_H. We find that RH-1 is linear in temperature
between 300K and the pseudogap temperature T*, whereas cot(theta_H) displays a
perfect T2 temperature dependence between typically 300 and 100K. We observe
for all the samples that the temperature at which the temperature dependence of
cot(theta_H) deviates from the T2 behavior is correlated to the temperature at
which RH displays a peak. This characteristic temperature, found to lie between
Tc and T*, does not depend markedly on the doping level and defines a new
crossover line in the temperature versus doping phase diagram. We tentatively
relate these findings to recent high frequency conductivity and Nernst effect
experimental results, and we briefly discuss the possible consequences for
competing theories for the pseudogap state of the cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73910 </DOCNO>
Five-dimensional scenario with a fluctuating three-brane: an stochastic


  A five-dimensional scenario with a non compact extra dimension of infinite
extent is studied, in which a single three-brane is affected by small Gaussian
fluctuations in the extra dimension. The average magnitude of the fluctuations
is of order of the electro-weak length scale ($\sigma\sim m_{EW}^{-1}$). The
model provides an stochastic approach to gravity that accounts for an
alternative resolution of the mass hierarchy problem. The cosmological constant
problem can be suitably treated as well. Surprisingly the Mach's principle
finds a place in the model. It is argued that the Mach's principle, the mass
hierarchy and the cosmological constant problem, are different aspects of a
same property of gravity in this model: its stochastic character. Thin-brane
scenarios are recovered in the "no-fluctuations" limit ($\sigma\to 0$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168832 </DOCNO>
Wehrl information entropy and phase distributions of Schrodinger cat and


  The Wehrl information entropy and its phase density, the so-called Wehrl
phase distribution, are applied to describe Schr\"odinger cat and cat-like
(kitten) states. The advantages of the Wehrl phase distribution over the Wehrl
entropy in a description of the superposition principle are presented. The
entropic measures are compared with a conventional phase distribution from the
Husimi Q-function. Compact-form formulae for the entropic measures are found
for superpositions of well-separated states. Examples of Schr\"odinger cats
(including even, odd and Yurke-Stoler coherent states), as well as the cat-like
states generated in Kerr medium are analyzed in detail. It is shown that, in
contrast to the Wehrl entropy, the Wehrl phase distribution properly
distinguishes between different superpositions of unequally-weighted states in
respect to their number and phase-space configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74316 </DOCNO>
Analyses of multiplicity distributions at Tevatron by a two-component


  Comparisons of multiplicity distributions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV (E735
Experiment and CDF Collaboration) with our predictions by a two-component
stochastic model have been made. This stochastic model is described by the
pure-birth and Poisson processes. It is found that there are discrepancies
among data at the CERN Sp-bar-pS collider and those at the Tevatron collider.
The latter data by E735 do not contain the leading particle effect described by
the Poisson process, providing that the view of the two-component stochastic
model is correct. The data by CDF contain small leading particle effect. The
reason is probably attributed to the correction made by E735, which is
necessary to make the data of the full phase space from the restricted rapidity
|eta|<3.25.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5921 </DOCNO>
LiV2O4: evidence for two-stage screening


  LiV2O4, a frustrated mixed valent metal (d^1 <-> d^2), is argued to undergo
two spin-screening processes. The first quenches the effective spin to produce
the spin 1/2 behavior seen below room temperature[1], while the second produces
the heavy fermi liquid character seen at low temperatures[2]. We present here a
preliminary discussion of a t-J model with strong Hund's coupling of the
strongly correlated d-electrons. Valence fluctuations of the Hubbard operators
(S = {1/2} <-> 1) combined with the frustration of the underlying corner-shared
tetrahedral vanadium lattice are the essential components of our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72608 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariance, background fields and modified Ward identities


  In this talk the gauge symmetry for Wilsonian flows in pure Yang-Mills
theories is discussed. The background field formalism is used for the
construction of a gauge invariant effective action. The symmetries of the
effective action under gauge transformations for both the gauge field and the
auxiliary background field are separately evaluated. Modified Ward-Takahashi
and background field identities are used in my study. Finally it is shown how
the symmetry properties of the full theory are restored in the limit where the
cut-off is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150000 </DOCNO>
(Weak) G_2 Holonomy from Self-duality, Flux and Supersymmetry


  The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, we provide a simple and pedagogical
discussion of how compactifications of M-theory or supergravity preserving some
four-dimensional supersymmetry naturally lead to reduced holonomy or its
generalization, reduced weak holonomy. We relate the existence of a (conformal)
Killing spinor to the existence of certain closed and co-closed p-forms, and to
the metric being Ricci flat or Einstein. Then, for seven-dimensional manifolds,
we show that octonionic self-duality conditions on the spin connection are
equivalent to G_2 holonomy and certain generalized self-duality conditions to
weak G_2 holonomy. The latter lift to self-duality conditions for
cohomogeneity-one spin(7) metrics. To illustrate the power of this approach, we
present several examples where the self-duality condition largely simplifies
the derivation of a G_2 or weak G_2 metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85932 </DOCNO>
Characteristic Evolution and Matching


  I review the development of numerical evolution codes for general relativity
based upon the characteristic initial value problem. Progress is traced from
the early stage of 1D feasibility studies to current 3D black codes that
simulate binary black holes. A prime application of characteristic evolution is
Cauchy-characteristic matching, which is also reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86196 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear distributional geometry and general relativity


  This work reports on the construction of a nonlinear distributional geometry
(in the sense of Colombeau's special setting) and its applications to general
relativity with a special focus on the distributional description of impulsive
gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98341 </DOCNO>
Coding Distributive Lattices with Edge Firing Games


  In this note, we show that any distributive lattice is isomorphic to the set
of reachable configurations of an Edge Firing Game. Together with the result of
James Propp, saying that the set of reachable configurations of any Edge Firing
Game is always a distributive lattice, this shows that the two concepts are
equivalent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5706 </DOCNO>
The Collective Coordinates Jacobian


  We develop an expansion for the Jacobian of the transformation from particle
coordinates to collective coordinates. As a demonstration, we use the lowest
order of the expansion in conjunction with a variational principle to obtain
the Percus Yevick equation for a monodisperse hard sphere system and the
Lebowitz equations for a polydisperse hard sphere system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6596 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in the steady state behavior of mechanically perturbed


  We analyze the steady state regime of systems interpolating between spin
glasses and ferromagnets under a tapping dynamics recently introduced by
analogy with the dynamics of mechanically perturbed granular media. A crossover
from a second order to first order ferromagnetic transition as a function of
the spin coupling distribution is found. The flat measure over blocked states
introduced by Edwards for granular media is used to explain this scenario.
Annealed calculations of the Edwards entropy are shown to qualitatively explain
the nature of the phase transitions. A Monte-Carlo construction of the Edwards
measure confirms that this explanation is also quantitatively accurate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113595 </DOCNO>
What is mass?


  Does the mass of bodies depend on their velocity? Is the mass additive if
separate bodies are joined together to form a composite system? Is the mass of
an isolated system conserved? Different teachers of physics and specialists
give different answers to these questions because there is no general agreement
on the definition of mass..We shall show that the notion of the
velocity-dependent relativistic mass should be given preference over that of
the rest mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126552 </DOCNO>
All-Stokes Parameterization of the Main Beam and First Sidelobe for the


  We describe a scheme that characterizes the main beam and sidelobe in all
Stokes parameters employing parameters that allow reconstruction of the
complete beam patterns and, also, afford an easy way to see how the beam
changes with azimuth, zenith angle, and time. For the main beam in Stokes I the
parameters include the beam width, ellipticity and its orientation, coma and
its orientation, the point-source gain, the integrated gain (or, equivalently,
the main beam efficiency); for the other Stokes parameters the beam parameters
include beam squint and beam squash. For the first sidelobe ring in Stokes I
the parameters include an 8-term Fourier series describing the height, radius,
and radial width; for the other Stokes parameters they include only the
sidelobe's fractional polarization.
        We illustrate the technique by applying it to the Arecibo telescope.
The main beam width is smaller and the sidelobe levels higher than for a
uniformly-illuminated aperture of the same effective area. These effects are
modeled modestly well by a blocked aperture, with the blocked area equal to
about 10% of the effective area (this corresponds to 5% physical blockage). In
polarized emission, the effects of beam squint (difference in pointing
direction between orthogonal polarizations) and squash (difference in beamwidth
between orthogonal polarizations) do not correspond to theoretical expectation
and are higher than expected; these effects are almost certainly caused by the
blockage. The first sidelobe is highly polarized because of blockage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4335 </DOCNO>
Modelling (001) surfaces of II-VI semiconductors


  First, we present a two-dimensional lattice gas model with anisotropic
interactions which explains the experimentally observed transition from a
dominant c(2x2) ordering of the CdTe(001) surface to a local (2x1) arrangement
of the Cd atoms as an equilibrium phase transition. Its analysis by means of
transfer-matrix and Monte Carlo techniques shows that the small energy
difference of the competing reconstructions determines to a large extent the
nature of the different phases. Then, this lattice gas is extended to a model
of a three-dimensional crystal which qualitatively reproduces many of the
characteristic features of CdTe which have been observed during sublimation and
atomic layer epitaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4997 </DOCNO>
Thermal conductivity of the A_xBO_2 type layered oxides Na_0.77MnO_2 and


  We prepared polycrystalline samples of the A_xBO_2 type layered oxides
Na_0.77MnO_2 and LiCoO_2, and measured thermal conductivity from 15 to 280 K.
Na0.77MnO_2 shows a low thermal conductivity of 15 mW/cmK, while LiCoO_2 shows
a much higher value of 40 mW/cmK at 280 K. By comparing them with the data of
NaCo_2O_4, we have found that the low thermal conductivity of A_xBO_2 comes
essentially from the A-ion deficiency, not from the layered structure itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128763 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray emission from rotation-powered pulsars


  Using a simplified model of cascade pair creation over pulsar polar caps
presented in two previous papers, we investigate the expected gamma-ray output
from pulsars' low altitude particle acceleration and pair creation regions. We
divide pulsars into several categories, based on which mechanism truncates the
particle acceleration off the polar cap, and give estimates for the expected
luminosity of each category.
  We find that inverse Compton scattering above the pulsar polar cap provides
the primary gamma rays which initiate the pair cascades in most pulsars. This
reduces the expected $\gamma$-ray luminosity below previous estimates which
assumed curvature gamma ray emission was the dominant initiator of pair
creation in all pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125238 </DOCNO>
The Detection of Bright Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars in the Nearby


  We have used the adaptive optics system on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope
to study a field 6 arcmin from the center of the heavily obscured elliptical
galaxy Maffei 1. Our near diffraction-limited H and K' images reveal an excess
population of objects with respect to a background field, and we conclude that
the asymptotic giant branch tip (AGB-tip) in Maffei 1 occurs at K = 20 +/-
0.25. Assuming that stars at the AGB-tip in Maffei 1 have the same intrinsic
luminosity as those in the bulge of M31, then the actual distance modulus of
Maffei 1 is 28.2 +/- 0.3 if A_V = 5.1, which corresponds to a distance of 4.4
(+0.6, -0.5) Mpc. This is in excellent agreement with the distance estimated
from surface brightness flucuations in the infrared, and confirms that Maffei 1
is too distant to significantly affect the dynamics of the Local Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83551 </DOCNO>
Time and Space Bounds for Reversible Simulation


  We prove a general upper bound on the tradeoff between time and space that
suffices for the reversible simulation of irreversible computation. Previously,
only simulations using exponential time or quadratic space were known.
  The tradeoff shows for the first time that we can simultaneously achieve
subexponential time and subquadratic space.
  The boundary values are the exponential time with hardly any extra space
required by the Lange-McKenzie-Tapp method and the ($\log 3$)th power time with
square space required by the Bennett method. We also give the first general
lower bound on the extra storage space required by general reversible
simulation. This lower bound is optimal in that it is achieved by some
reversible simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74888 </DOCNO>
A note on the factorization scale independence of the PQCD predictions


  We have shown that the PQCD prediction for an exclusive process at large
momentum transfer is free of any residual dependence on the factorization scale
provided the complete results for both the hard-scattering and distribution
amplitudes are consistently obtained to the desired order in the strong
coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75 </DOCNO>
Elementary electronic excitations in one-dimensional continuum and


  We systematically investigate the mode dispersion and spectral weight of the
elementary excitation spectra in one-dimensional continuum and lattice electron
systems by using the RPA, the Luttinger liquid model, and the Hubbard model.
Both charge and spin excitations are studied in details and compared among the
theoretical models. For the lattice Hubbard model we use both Bethe-ansatz
equations and Lanczos-Gagliano method to calculate dispersion and spectral
weight separately. We discuss the theoretically calculated elementary
excitation spectra in terms of the experimental inelastic light (Raman)
scattering spectroscopy of 1D semiconductor quantum wire systems. Our results
show that in the polarized (i.e. non-spin-flip) Raman scattering spectroscopy,
only the 1D charge density excitations should show up with observable spectral
weight with the single particle excitations (in RPA) or singlet spin
excitations (in the Luttinger model and the Hubbard model) having negligible
spectral weight. The depolarized (spin-flip) Raman scattering spectra manifest
the spin density or the triplet spin excitations. We also provide a qualitative
comparison between the continuum and the lattice 1D elementary excitation
spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96948 </DOCNO>
Bounded Imaginary Powers of Differential Operators on Manifolds with


  We study the minimal and maximal closed extension of a differential operator
A on a manifold B with conical singularities, when A acts as an unbounded
operator on weighted L^p-spaces over B, 1<p<\infty. Under suitable ellipticity
assumptions we can define a family of complex powers A^z. We also obtain
sufficient information on the resolvent of A to show the boundedness of the
purely imaginary powers. Examples concern unique solvability and maximal
regularity of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Laplacian on conical
manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76899 </DOCNO>
Calculation of pure annihilation type decay $B^+ \to D_s^+ \phi$


  The rare decay $B^+ \to D_s^+ \phi$ can occur only via annihilation type
diagrams in the standard model. We calculate this decay in perturbative QCD
approach with Sudakov resummation. We found that the branching ratio of $B^+
\to D_s^+ \phi$ is of order $10^{-7}$ which may be measured in the near future
by KEK and SLAC $B$ factories.
  The small branching ratio predicted in standard model makes this channel
sensitive to new physics contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6827 </DOCNO>
Thermal Hall conductivity of marginal Fermi liquids subject to out-of


  Effect of out-of-plane impurities on thermal Hall conductivity $\kappa_{xy}$
of in-plane marginal-Fermi-liquid (MFL) quasiparticles in high-$T_c$ cuprates
is examined by following the work on electrical Hall conducitivity
$\sigma_{xy}$ by Varma and Abraham (Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4652 (2001)). It is
shown that the effective Lorentz force exerted by these impurities is a weak
function of energies of the MFL quasiparticles, resulting in nearly the same
temperature dependence of $\kappa_{xy}/T$ and $\sigma_{xy}$, indicative of
obedience of the Wiedemann-Franz law. The inconsistency of the theoretical
result with the experimental one is speculated to be the consequence of
different amount of out-of-plane impurities in the two YBCO samples used for
the $\kappa_{xy}$ and $\sigma_{xy}$ measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148978 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Continuity in Graviton Mass versus Perturbative


  We address the question whether a graviton could have a small nonzero mass.
The issue is subtle for two reasons: there is a discontinuity in the mass in
the lowest tree-level approximation, and, moreover, the nonlinear
four-dimensional theory of a massive graviton is not defined unambiguously.
First, we reiterate the old argument that for the vanishing graviton mass the
lowest tree-level approximation breaks down since the higher order corrections
are singular in the graviton mass. However, there exist nonperturbative
solutions which correspond to the summation of the singular terms and these
solutions are continuous in the graviton mass. Furthermore, we study a
completely nonlinear and generally covariant five-dimensional model which
mimics the properties of the four-dimensional theory of massive gravity. We
show that the exact solutions of the model are continuous in the mass, yet the
perturbative expansion exhibits the discontinuity in the leading order and the
singularities in higher orders as in the four-dimensional case. Based on exact
cosmological solutions of the model we argue that the helicity-zero graviton
state which is responsible for the perturbative discontinuity decouples from
the matter in the limit of vanishing graviton mass in the full classical
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123724 </DOCNO>
How Does CMB + BBN Constrain New Physics?


  Recent cosmic microwave background (CMB) results from BOOMERANG, MAXIMA, and
DASI provide cosmological constraints on new physics that can be competitive
with those derived from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). In particular, both CMB
and BBN can be used to place limits on models involving neutrino degeneracy and
additional relativistic degrees of freedom. However, for the case of the CMB,
these constraints are, in general, sensitive to the assumed priors. We examine
the CMB and BBN constraints on such models and study the sensitivity of ``new
physics" to the assumed priors. If we add a constraint on the age of the
universe ($t_0 \ga 11$ Gyr), then for models with a cosmological constant, the
range of baryon densities and neutrino degeneracy parameters allowed by the CMB
and BBN is fairly robust: $\eta_{10} = 6.0 \pm 0.6$, \deln $\la 6$, $\xi_e \la
0.3$. In the absence of new physics, models without a cosmological constant are
only marginally compatible with recent CMB observations (excluded at the 93%
confidence level).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74182 </DOCNO>
Models for Geometric CP Violation with Extra Dimensions


  In a recent paper, two of us (D.C. and R.N.M.) proposed a new way to break CP
symmetry geometrically using orbifold projections. The mechanism can be
realized in the five dimensional brane bulk picture. In this paper, we
elaborate on this proposal and provide additional examples of models of this
type. We also note the phenomenological implications of some of these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125073 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Active Galaxies: Black-hole Mass - Bulge relations for


  Mathur (2000) has proposed that the narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s)
are likely to be the active galaxies in early stage of evolution. To test this
hypothesis, we have calculated the black hole (BH) masses and the host galaxy
bulge masses for a sample of NLS1s. We find that the mean BH to bulge mass
ratio of NLS1s is significantly smaller than that for normal Seyfert galaxies.
We also find that the ratio of BH mass to bulge velocity dispersion is also
significantly smaller for NLS1s. A scenario of BH growth is our preferred
interpretation, though alternative explanations are discussed. Assuming that
the BHs grow with accretion with a radiative efficiency of 0.1, it will take
them about $3.3\times 10^8$ years to become as massive as in normal Seyfert 1s.
These timescales are consistent with the theoretical estimates of quasar
timescale $t_Q$ less than about $4.5\times 10^8$ years calculated by Haehnelt,
Natarajan & Rees (1998). Studies of low redshift NLS1s thus provide a powerful,
and due to their proximity relatively easy, way to understand the high redshift
quasars and their evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148048 </DOCNO>
Virasoro Constraints and Flavor-Topology Duality in QCD


  We derive Virasoro constraints for the zero momentum part of the QCD-like
partition functions in the sector of topological charge $\nu$. The constraints
depend on the topological charge only through the combination $N_f +\beta\nu/2$
where the value of the Dyson index $\beta$ is determined by the reality type of
the fermions. This duality between flavor and topology is inherited by the
small-mass expansion of the partition function and {\em all} spectral sum-rules
of inverse powers of the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator. For the special
case $\beta=2$ but arbitrary topological charge the Virasoro constraints are
solved uniquely by a Generalized Kontsevich Model with potential ${\cal V}(X) =
1/X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127321 </DOCNO>
Detecting TeV Gamma Rays from Gamma Ray Bursts by Ground Based Muon


  The possibility of detecting Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) in TeV energy range using
large area muon detectors like AMANDA and Lake Baikal detector is examined.
These detectors can detect TeV energy photons by detecting the secondary muons
created by the TeV photons in the Earth's atmosphere. We calculate the expected
number of muons and the signal to square root of noise ratios in these
detectors due to TeV gamma-rays from individual GRBs for various assumption on
their luminosity, distance from the observer (redshift), gamma-ray integral
spectral index, maximum energy cutoff of the photon spectrum and duration
including the effect of the absorption of TeV photons in the intergalactic
infrared radiation background. We also calculate the expected rate of
detectable TeV-GRB events in these detectors using a recent determination of
the luminosity and redshift distributions of GRBs in the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99057 </DOCNO>
Differential Geometry of the q-plane


  Hopf algebra structure on the differential algebra of the extended $q$-plane
is defined. An algebra of forms which is obtained from the generators of the
extended $q$-plane is introduced and its Hopf algebra structure is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73199 </DOCNO>
Heavy Flavor Enhancement as a Signal of Color Deconfinement


  We argue that the color deconfinement in heavy ion collisions may lead to
enhanced production of hadrons with open heavy flavor (charm or bottom). We
estimate the upper bound of this enhancement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123710 </DOCNO>
Luminosity and mass function of galactic open clusters: I. NGC 4815


  We present deep V and I photometry for the open cluster NGC 4815 and four
surrounding Galactic fields down to a limiting magnitude $V\sim25$. These data
are used to study cluster spatial extension by means of star counts, and to
derive the luminosity (LF) and mass function (MF). The radius turns out to be
$3.6\pm0.3 arcmin$ at V=19.0 level, whereas the mass amounts at $880\pm230
m_{\odot}$ down to V=20.8. From the color-magnitude diagram, we obtain the LFs
in the V and I bands, using both the standard histogram and an adaptive kernel.
After correction for incompleteness and field star contamination, the LFs have
been transformed into the present day mass functions (PDMF). The PDMFs from the
V and I photometry can be represented as a power-law with a slope $\alpha =
3.1\pm0.3$ and $\alpha = 2.9\pm0.3$ (the \cite{salp55} MF in this notation has
a slope $\alpha = 2.35$) respectively, in the mass range $2.5 \leq
\frac{m}{m_{\odot}} \leq 0.8$. Below this mass, the MF cannot be considered as
representative of the cluster IMF, as it is the result of the combined effect
of strong irregularities in the stellar background, probable internal dynamical
evolution of the cluster and/or interaction of the cluster with the dense
Galactic field. Unresolved binaries and mass segregation can only flatten the
apparent derived IMF, so we expect that the real IMF must be steeper than the
quoted slope by an unknown amount.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124173 </DOCNO>
The Chandra High Resolution Spectra of Mkn 421


  Mkn 421 was observed by Chandra twice, on November 5, 1999 as part of the
Chandra calibration program, with the ACIS-HETG configuration, and on May 29,
2000 following our Target Of Opportunity request aimed to catch the source in
an ultra-high state, with both the ACIS-HETG and the HRC-LETG configurations.
In this contribution we present and compare the two Chandra-MEG observations of
Mkn 421, which lasted 26 and 19.6 ks respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124965 </DOCNO>
Discovery of strong CIV absorption in the highest redshift quasar


  We report the near-IR detection of a prominent CIV absorption in the
rest-frame UV spectrum of the most distant known QSO, SDSS J104433.04-012502.2,
at z=5.80. This QSO was recently observed with XMM-Newton and it was found to
be notably X-ray weak. The equivalent width of the CIV absorption feature (~10
A) strongly supports the idea that the X-ray faintness of this QSO is due to
heavy absorption by gas with a column density N_H > 10^{24} cm^-2. The shape of
the CIV feature suggests that this is a Broad Absorption Line QSO. Although
absorbed by a huge column of gas, the observed continuum in the 0.9-2.4um range
(~1300-3500 A rest frame) exactly matches the template of unabsorbed QSOs
without invoking any reddening (E(B-V)<0.08 mag), indicating that dust in the
absorbing gas is either absent or composed of large grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114266 </DOCNO>
Beam Feedback Systems and BPM Read-out System for the Two-Bunch


  In order to double the positron injection rate into the KEKB ring, a
two-bunch acceleration scheme has been studied at the linac, in which bunches
separated by 96 ns are accelerated in 50 Hz. In this scheme the stabilization
of energy and orbit of each bunch is indispensable. Thus the beam energy and
orbit feedback systems have been upgraded.
  Since beam characteristics are acquired through beam position monitors (BPM),
their read-out system was improved to meet two-bunch requirements. Combined
waveforms from BPM's were adjusted with delay cables avoiding overlaps and they
enabled simultaneous measurement of beam positions of two bunches.
  The beam energies of two bunches were balanced by tuning rf pulse timings,
and the average energy was stabilized by adjusting the accelerating rf phases.
The average beam orbits were also stabilized. Slow feedback systems at the
injector section for charge and bunching stabilities are being planned as well.
These systems were used successfully in the test beams and will be employed in
the routine operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41429 </DOCNO>
Results of the Survey on the Future of HEP


  The Young Physicists Panel (YPP) summarizes results from their Survey on the
Future of High Energy Physics, which was conducted from July 2 to July 15,
2001. Over 1500 physicists from around the world, both young and tenured,
responded to the survey. We first describe the origin, design, and
advertisement of the survey, and then present the demographics of the
respondents. Following sections analyze the collected opinions on the desire
for balance in the field, the impact of globalization, the necessity of
outreach, how to build the field, the physics that drives the field, and the
selection of the next big machine. Respondents' comments follow the survey
analysis in an appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95988 </DOCNO>
On total incomparability of mixed Tsirelson spaces


  We give criteria of total incomparability for certain classes of mixed
Tsirelson spaces. We show that spaces of the form
$T[(M_k,\theta_k)_{k=1}^{\ell}]$ with index $i(M_k)$ finite are either $c_0$ or
$\ell_p$ saturated for some $p$ and we characterize when any two spaces of such
a form are totally incomparable in terms of the index $i(M_k)$ and the
parameter $\theta_k$. Also, we give sufficient conditions of total
incomparability for a particular class of spaces of the form
$T[(A_k,\theta_k)_{k=1}^\infty]$ in terms of the asymptotic behaviour of the
sequence $\Vert\sum_{i=1}^n e_i\Vert$ where $(e_i)$ is the canonical basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148319 </DOCNO>
Komaba Lectures on Noncommutative Solitons and D-Branes


  These lectures provide an introduction to noncommutative geometry and its
origins in quantum mechanics and to the construction of solitons in
noncommutative field theory. These ideas are applied to the construction of
D-branes as solitons of the tachyon field in noncommutative open string theory.
A brief discussion is given of the K-theory classification of D-brane charge in
terms of the K-theory of operator algebras. Based on lectures presented at the
Komaba 2000 workshop, Nov. 14-16 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126575 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX spectroscopy of MR 2251-178: a test for ionized reflection in


  We present the 0.1-200 keV BeppoSAX spectrum of MR 2251-178 observed at two
epochs in 1998 separated by 5 months. Both epochs show identical spectral shape
and X-ray flux. Analysis of the combined spectra allow us to confirm the
presence of the ionized Fe K-alpha line detected by ASCA and to test the
presence of reflection from ionized material. The best self-consistent spectral
fit is obtained when including a contribution from a mildly ionized reflector
(Xi(0.01-100) ~ 1625 erg cm s-1, i.e. U(0.1-10) ~ 0.14) with a reflection
fraction R_ion ~ 0.11. An exponential cut-off to the direct power-law continuum
is then required at E ~ 100 keV. The low energy spectrum is absorbed by ionized
matter with a column density N_W = (8.1 (-1.2/+2.1))*10^21 cm^-2 and an X-ray
ionization parameter U(0.1-10)= 0.06 +/- 0.01. The warm absorber column is
slightly lower than that measured with ASCA. This change could be caused by
bulk motion. The BeppoSAX absorber ionization parameter globally agrees with
the ``U versus Flux'' correlation found for MR 2251-178 with EXOSAT, Ginga and
ASCA. This suggests that the absorber is in a state of instantaneous ionization
equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7331 </DOCNO>
Cooperative and non-linear phenomena at the neutral-ionic phase


  The complex interplay among on-site energy, Hubbard U, and coupling to
Holstein and Peierls phonons at the neutral-ionic phase transition is discussed
using diagrammatic valence bond calculations. The charge transfer and
dimerization amplitudes and the infrared intensity of molecular vibrations are
studied in the transition region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3994 </DOCNO>
On surface energy of graphene and carbon nanoclusters


  Theoretical study of graphite (graphene) edge is done. The most stable edge
orientation is calculated to be a zigzag [110] edge. Possible applications of
the result to the formation of different graphitic structures are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96297 </DOCNO>
Relative completions and the cohomology of linear groups over local


  We study the completion of a group relative to a Zariski dense representation
in a reductive algebraic group over a field $k$. The characteristic zero case
was worked out previously by R. Hain; we extend his results to arbitrary
characteristic. The primary application is to the study of the cohomology of
groups such as $SL_n(k[[T]])$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72403 </DOCNO>
Old and new parton distribution and fragmentation functions


  A short review of problems with parton distribution functions in nucleons,
non-polarized and polarized, is given. The main part is devoted to the
transversity distribution its possible measurement and its first experimental
probe via spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive DIS. It is argued that the proton
transversity distribution could be successfully measured in future DIS
experiments with {\it longitudinally} polarized target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75731 </DOCNO>
Primordial Magnetic Fields from Dark Energy


  Evidences indicate that the dark energy constitutes about two thirds of the
critical density of the universe. If the dark energy is an evolving pseudo
scalar field that couples to electromagnetism, a cosmic magnetic seed field can
be produced via spinoidal instability during the formation of large-scale
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5319 </DOCNO>
Modulation origin of 1/f noise in two-dimensional hopping


  We show that 1/f noise in a two-dimensional electron gas with hopping
conduction can be explained by the modulation of conducting paths by
fluctuating occupancy of non-conducting states. The noise is sensitive to the
structure of the critical hopping network, which is varied by changing electron
concentration, sample size and temperature. With increasing temperature, it
clearly reveals the crossover between different hopping regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6733 </DOCNO>
Incommensurate dynamics of resonant breathers in Josephson junction


  We present theoretical and experimental studies of resonant localized
resistive states in a Josephson junction ladder. These complex breather states
are obtained by tuning the breather frequency into the upper band of linear
electromagnetic oscillations of the ladder. Their prominent feature is the
appearance of resonant steps in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. We
have found the resonant breather-like states displaying incommensurate
dynamics. Numerical simulations show that these incommensurate resonant
breathers persist for very low values of damping. Qualitatively similar
incommensurate breather states are observed in experiments performed with
Nb-based Josephson ladders. We explain the appearance of these states with the
help of resonance-induced hysteresis features in the I-V dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98250 </DOCNO>
Modules of Abelian integrals and Picard-Fuchs systems


  We give a simple proof of an isomorphism between the two
$\mathbb{C}[t]$-modules: the module of relative cohomologies $\Lambda^2/dH\land
\Lambda^1$ and the module of Abelian integrals corresponding to a Morse-plus
polynomial $H$ in two variables. Using this isomorphism, we prove existence and
deduce some properties of the corresponding Picard-Fuchs system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96610 </DOCNO>
Planar Dirac Electron in Coulomb and Magnetic Fields: a Bethe ansatz


  The Dirac equation for an electron in two spatial dimensions in the Coulomb
and homogeneous magnetic fields is an example of the so-called quasi-exactly
solvable models. The solvable parts of its spectrum was previously solved from
the recursion relations. In this work we present a purely algebraic solution
based on the Bethe ansatz equations. It is realised that, unlike the
corresponding problems in the Schr\"odinger and the Klein-Gordon case, here the
unknown parameters to be solved for in the Bethe ansatz equations include not
only the roots of wave function assumed, but also a parameter from the relevant
operator. We also show that the quasi-exactly solvable differential equation
does not belong to the classes based on the algebra $sl_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4394 </DOCNO>
Zn-doping effect on the magnetotransport properties of


  We report the magnetotransport properties of
Bi_{2}Sr_{2-x}La_{x}Cu_{1-z}Zn_{z}O_{6+\delta} (Zn-doped BSLCO) single crystals
with z of up to 2.2%. Besides the typical Zn-doping effects on the in-plane
resistivity and the Hall angle, we demonstrate that the nature of the
low-temperature normal state in the Zn-doped samples is significantly altered
from that in the pristine samples under high magnetic fields. In particular, we
observe nearly-isotropic negative magnetoresistance as well as an increase in
the Hall coefficient at very low temperatures in non-superconducting Zn-doped
samples, which we propose to be caused by the Kondo scattering from the local
moments induced by Zn impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86937 </DOCNO>
An efficient algorithm for the Riemannian 10j symbols


  The 10j symbol is a spin network that appears in the partition function for
the Barrett-Crane model of Riemannian quantum gravity. Elementary methods of
calculating the 10j symbol require order(j^9) or more operations and order(j^2)
or more space, where j is the average spin. We present an algorithm that
computes the 10j symbol using order(j^5) operations and order(j^2) space, and a
variant that uses order(j^6) operations and a constant amount of space. An
implementation has been made available on the web.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169528 </DOCNO>
Simulations of the adiabatic quantum optimization for the Set Partition


  We analyze the complexity of the quantum optimization algorithm based on
adiabatic evolution for the set partition problem. We introduce a cost function
defined on a logarithmic scale of the partition residues so that the total
number of values of the cost function is of the order of the problem size. We
simulate the behavior of the algorithm by numerical solution of the
time-dependent Schroedinger equation as well as the stationary equation for the
adiabatic eigenvalues. The numerical results for the time-dependent quantum
evolution indicate that the complexity of the algorithm scales exponentially
with the problem size.This result appears to contradict the recent numerical
results for complexity of quantum adiabatic algorithm applied to a different
NP-complete problem (Farhi et al, Science 292, p.472 (2001)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97871 </DOCNO>
Analytical solution of the dynamical spherical MIT bag


  We prove that when the bag surface is allowed to move radially, the equations
of motion derived from the MIT bag Lagrangian with massless quarks and a
spherical boundary admit only one solution, which corresponds to a bag
expanding at the speed of light. This result implies that some new physics
ingredients, such as coupling to meson fields, are needed to make the dynamical
bag a consistent model of hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97839 </DOCNO>
Topological Equivalence of Linear Representations for Cyclic Groups


  In this paper we prove that Reidemeister torsion invariants determine
topological equivalence of linear G-representations, for G a finite cyclic
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6041 </DOCNO>
Influence of mechanical reinforcement of MgB2 wires on the


  Monofilamentary MgB2-wires with a mechanical tough Nb/Cu/steel or Fe/steel
sheath were prepared and characterized. The steel content was varied to
investigate the reinforcement effect and the consequences for the
superconducting properties of the wires, which were heat treated to achieve
dense and homogeneous filaments. The use of Nb as first sheath layer, having a
smaller thermal expansion coefficient than MgB2, requires the application of
higher amounts of steel to achieve compressive pre-stress on the filament in
comparison to Fe as first wall material. With raised steel content in the
sheath the critical transport currents show field dependent significant
critical current and irreversibility field degradations. First Ic vs. axial
stress and strain experiments confirmed this observation of pre-stress induced
degradations. Consequences for improved wires and for future applications will
be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76047 </DOCNO>
Quantum corrections to neutrino masses and mixing angles


  Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Fermion masses and mixing 3. Neutrino masses in
the effective theory 4. Quantum corrections from the renormalization group
evolution 4.1. RG equations for the CKM matrix 4.2. RG equations for neutrino
masses and mixing angles 4.3. Evolution of the neutrino masses 4.4. Mixing of
two neutrinos 4.5 Mixing of three neutrinos and fixed points 5. Low energy
threshold corrections 5.1. Threshold corrections in the SM 5.2. Threshold
corrections in the MSSM 5.2.1. Three-fold degeneracy and flavour diagonal
corrections 5.2.2. Three-fold degeneracy and flavour non-diagonal corrections
5.2.3. Two-fold degeneracy and threshold corrections 6. Conclusions, Appendix
A, Appendix B, References.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96790 </DOCNO>
On the nonhamiltonian character of shocks in 2-D pressureless gas


  The paper deals with the 2-D system of gas dynamics without pressure which
was introduced in 1970 by Ya.Zeldovich to describe the formation of large-scale
structure of the Universe. Such system occurs to be an intermediate object
between the systems of ordinary differential equations and hyperbolic systems
of PDE. The main its feature is the arising of singularities: discontinuities
for velocity and delta functions of various types for density. The rigorous
notion of generalized solutions in terms of Radon measures is introduced and
the generalization of Rankine-Hugoniot conditions is obtained. On the basis of
such conditions it is shown that the variational representation for the
generalized solutions, which is valid for 1-D case, in 2-D case generally
speaking does not take place. A nontrivial 1-D system of nonstrictly hyperbolic
type is also obtained to describe the evolution inside the shock.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6644 </DOCNO>
Selective d-state Conduction Blocking in Nickel Nanocontacts


  The lowest conductance step for a Ni nanocontact is anomalously small in
comparison with the large expected number of conducting channels. We present
electronic structure calculations for an extremely idealized Ni nanobridge
consisting of just a monatomic nanowire. Our calculations show that no less
than eight single spin bands cross the Fermi level in a nonmagnetic Ni
monatomic wire, dropping marginally to seven in the more stable, fully
ferromagnetic state. However, when we build in the wire a magnetization
reversal, or domain wall, by forcing the net magnetization to be zero, we
suddenly find that d electrons selectively cease to propagate across the wall.
s electron propagation remains, and can account for the small observed
conductance steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99247 </DOCNO>
Extension of CR-functions on wedges


  Given a wedge V with generic edge in a submanifold M of $C^N$, in general,
CR-functions on V do not extend to a wedge in $C^N$ in the direction of each
nontrivial value of the Levi form of M as was recently observed by Eastwood and
Graham. In this paper we propose an invariant geometric way of selecting those
Levi form directions that are responsible for the extension. These are the Levi
form directions of the complex tangent vectors, whose complex planes intersect
the tangent cone to the wedge in angles larger than $\pi/2$. We show by several
examples the optimality of this criterion. Applications to regularity of
CR-functions are also given generalizing the edge-of-the-wedge theorem of
Ajrapetyan-Henkin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41222 </DOCNO>
Measurements of hadronic structure functions of the photon at LEP


  The present status of the measurements of hadronic structure functions of the
photon, investigated in deep inelastic electron-photon scattering at LEP, is
presented. This article covers the hadronic structure function F_2^gamma of
quasi-real photons as well as the structure function of virtual photons.
Special emphasis is given to new developments in the analysis and to the most
recent measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114396 </DOCNO>
Zettawatt-Exawatt Lasers and Their Applications in Ultrastrong-Field


  Since its birth, the laser has been extraordinarily effective in the study
and applications of laser-matter interaction at the atomic and molecular level
and in the nonlinear optics of the bound electron. In its early life, the laser
was associated with the physics of electron volts and of the chemical bond.
Over the past fifteen years, however, we have seen a surge in our ability to
produce high intensities, five to six orders of magnitude higher than was
possible before. At these intensities, particles, electrons and protons,
acquire kinetic energy in the mega-electron-volt range through interaction with
intense laser fields. This opens a new age for the laser, the age of nonlinear
relativistic optics coupling even with nuclear physics. We suggest a path to
reach an extremely high-intensity level $10^{26-28} $W/cm$^2$ in the coming
decade, much beyond the current and near future intensity regime $10^{23}
$W/cm$^2$, taking advantage of the megajoule laser facilities. Such a laser at
extreme high intensity could accelerate particles to frontiers of high energy,
tera-electron-volt and peta-electron-volt, and would become a tool of
fundamental physics encompassing particle physics, gravitational physics,
nonlinear field theory, ultrahigh-pressure physics, astrophysics, and
cosmology. We focus our attention on high-energy applications in particular and
the possibility of merged reinforcement of high-energy physics and ultraintense
laser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4184 </DOCNO>
Stripe patterns in a granular system induced by slow deformation of its


  We investigate the formation of stripe patterns that appear on the surface of
a dry granular system as the container is deformed very slowly. In an
experimental study using nearly mono-disperse glass beads, we found that many
faults develop beneath t he surface. Our results show that the spacing of
stripes is independent of the system size and does not depend significantly on
the grain size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86978 </DOCNO>
Warp Drive With Zero Expansion


  It is commonly believed that Alcubierre's warp drive works by contracting
space in front of the warp bubble and expanding space behind it. We show that
this expansion/contraction is but a marginal consequence of the choice made by
Alcubierre, and explicitly construct a similar spacetime where no
contraction/expansion occurs. Global and optical properties of warp drive
spacetimes are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179412 </DOCNO>
Regularized zero-range model and an application to the triton and the


  We examine the regularized zero-range model in an application to
three-fermion systems -- the triton and the hypertriton. We consider bound
states and low-energy neutron-deuteron and lambda-deuteron scattering. The
model is shown to provide an adequate quantitative description of these system
on a par with finite-range potential models. The well known correlation between
the doublet $nd$ scattering length and the triton binding energy (Phillips
line) finds a natural explanation within the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4613 </DOCNO>
Magnetization Plateau in the S=1 Spin Ladder with Competing Interactions


  Very recently a non-trivial magnetization plateau at 1/4 of the saturation
magnetization was observed in the S=1 spin ladder BIP-TENO. In our previous
work we proposed a possible mechanism of the plateau based on the second- and
third-neighbor exchange couplings which lead to frustration. In order to
confirm the realization of the mechanism, we compare the temperature dependence
of the magnetic susceptibility and some critical magnetic fields obtained by
the numerical calculation for the proposed model with the experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84033 </DOCNO>
A Computational Economy for Grid Computing and its Implementation in the


  Computational Grids, coupling geographically distributed resources such as
PCs, workstations, clusters, and scientific instruments, have emerged as a next
generation computing platform for solving large-scale problems in science,
engineering, and commerce. However, application development, resource
management, and scheduling in these environments continue to be a complex
undertaking. In this article, we discuss our efforts in developing a resource
management system for scheduling computations on resources distributed across
the world with varying quality of service. Our service-oriented grid computing
system called Nimrod-G manages all operations associated with remote execution
including resource discovery, trading, scheduling based on economic principles
and a user defined quality of service requirement. The Nimrod-G resource broker
is implemented by leveraging existing technologies such as Globus, and provides
new services that are essential for constructing industrial-strength Grids. We
discuss results of preliminary experiments on scheduling some parametric
computations using the Nimrod-G resource broker on a world-wide grid testbed
that spans five continents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114027 </DOCNO>
Self-organizing Approach for Automated Gene Identification in Whole


  An approach based on using the idea of distinguished coding phase in explicit
form for identification of protein-coding regions (exons) in whole genome has
been proposed. For several genomes an optimal window length for averaging
GC-content function and calculating codon frequencies has been found.
Self-training procedure based on clustering in multidimensional space of
triplet frequencies is proposed. For visualization of data in the space of
triplet requiencies method of elastic maps was applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6332 </DOCNO>
Scaling and duality in the superconducting phase transition


  The field theoretical approach to duality in the superconducting phase
transition is reviewed. Emphasis is given to the scaling behavior, and recent
results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129144 </DOCNO>
Dust and Molecular Emission from the S235 Star Forming Region


  We present the results of a multi-faceted study of the high-mass star-forming
region S235. With the CalTech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO), we have observed
and/or mapped over fifty molecular transitions and 350 micron dust emission in
an attempt to learn more about the chemistry, kinematics, and mass distribution
within this rich region. We have found two dust cores that are not resolved in
our molecular line observations and suggest that one of these is a less evolved
star-forming core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40864 </DOCNO>
Search for "large" extra dimensions at the Tevatron


  We report on a search for extra spatial dimensions compactified at radii that
are vast compared to those of the Planck length, and even larger than the
distance corresponding to the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking. The study
is based on the suggestion that there may be only a single mass scale
appropriate to particle phenomena, this being the effective Planck scale M_S,
which also serves as the scale for electroweak symmetry breaking. The only
results that have been presented thus far from the Tevatron are based on data
for e^+e^- and \gamma\gamma production at D\O, and provide the most restrictive
lower limits to date on M_S of \approx 1 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2211 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear resonance reflection from and transmission through a dense


  A theoretical study of the resonance optical response of assemblies of
oriented short (as compared to an optical wavelength) linear Frenkel chains is
carried out using a two-level model. We show that both transmittivity and
reflectivity of the film may behave in a bistable fashion and analyze how the
effects found depend on the film thickness and on the inhomogeneous width of
the exciton optical transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74629 </DOCNO>
The Fourth SM Family Enhancement to the Golden Mode at the Upgraded


  We study the observability for a Higgs boson at upgraded Tevatron via the
modes gg->h->ZZ->4l (l=e,mu). We find that the signal can be observed at an
integrated luminosity of 30 fb^(-1) if the fourth SM family exists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73743 </DOCNO>
Inflationary magnetogenesis from dynamical gauge couplings


  The evolution of the gauge coupling is modelled using a scalar degree of
freedom whose homogeneous and inhomogeneous modes evolve from an ordinary
inflationary phase to the subsequent epochs. Depending upon various parameters
(scalar mass, curvature scale at the end of inflation and at the onset of the
radiation epoch), the two-point function of the magnetic inhomogeneities grows
during the de Sitter stage of expansion and, consequently, large scale magnetic
fields are generated. The requirements coming from inflationary magnetogenesis
are examined together with the theoretical constraints stemming from the
explicit model of the evolution of the gauge coupling. Galactic magnetogenesis
is possible for a wide range of parameters. Inter-galactic and inter-cluster
magnetogenesis are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5956 </DOCNO>
Quantum rotational band model for the Heisenberg molecular magnet


  We derive the low temperature properties of the molecular magnet Mo72Fe30,
where 30 Fe(3+) paramagnetic ions occupy the sites of an icosidodecahedron and
interact via isotropic nearest-neighbour antiferromagnetic Heisenberg exchange.
The key idea of our model (J.S. & M.L.) is that the low-lying excitations form
a sequence of rotational bands, i.e., for each such band the excitation
energies depend quadratically on the total spin quantum number. For
temperatures below 50 mK we predict that the magnetisation is described by a
staircase with 75 equidistant steps as the magnetic field is increased up to a
critical value and saturated for higher fields. For higher temperatures thermal
broadening effects wash out the staircase and yield a linear ramp below the
critical field, and this has been confirmed by our measurements (R.M.). We
demonstrate that the lowest two rotational bands are separated by an energy gap
of 0.7 meV, and this could be tested by EPR and inelastic neutron scattering
measurements. We also predict the occurrence of resonances at temperatures
below 0.1 K in the proton NMR spin-lattice relaxation rate associated with
level crossings. As rotational bands characterize the spectra of many magnetic
molecules our method opens a new road towards a description of their
low-temperature behaviour which is not otherwise accessible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76279 </DOCNO>
B Physics and CP Violation


  These lectures provide a basic overview of topics related to the study of CP
Violation in B decays. In the first lecture, I review the basics of discrete
symmetries in field theories, the quantum mechanics of neutral but
flavor-non-trivial mesons, and the classification of three types of CP
violation. The actual second lecture which I gave will be separately published
as it is my Dirac award lecture and is focussed on the separate topic of strong
CP Violation. In Lecture 2 here, I cover the Standard Model predictions for
neutral B decays, and in particular discuss some channels of interest for CP
Violation studies. Lecture 3 reviews the various tools and techniques used to
deal with the hadronic physics effects. In Lecture 4, I briefly review the
present and planned experiments that can study B decays. I cannot teach all the
details of this subject in this short course, so my approach is instead to try
to give students a grasp of the relevant concepts and an overview of the
available tools. The level of these lectures is introductory. I will provide
some references to more detailed treatments and current literature, but this is
not a review article so I do not attempt to give complete references to all
related literature. By now there are some excellent textbooks that cover this
subject in great detail. I refer students to these for more details and for
more complete references to the original literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97473 </DOCNO>
Feynman's Path Integrals as Evolutionary Semigroups


  We show that, for a class of systems described by a Lagrangian L(x,\dot{x},t)
= 1/2\dot{x}^{2} - V(x,t) the propagator can be reduced via Noether's Theorem
to a standard path integral multiplied by a phase factor. Using Henstock's
integration technique, this path integral is given a firm mathematical basis.
Finally, we recast the propagator as an evolutionary semigroup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 15 </DOCNO>
The large N theory exactly reveals the quantum Hall effect and


  We revisit the $\theta$ dependence in $CP^{N-1}$ model with large $N$. We
study the consequences of a recently discovered new ingredient of the instanton
vacuum, i.e. the massless chiral edge excitations. Contrary to the previous
believes, our results demonstrate that the large $N$ expansion displays all the
fundamental features of the quantum Hall effect. This includes the {\em robust}
quantization of the Hall conductance, as well as the appearance of massless
bulk excitations at $\theta = \pi$. We conclude that the quantum Hall effect is
a generic feature of the instanton vacuum, i.e. for any number of field
components and not just for the theory in the replica limit alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73505 </DOCNO>
The Ekpyrotic Universe: Colliding Branes and the Origin of the Hot Big


  We propose a cosmological scenario in which the hot big bang universe is
produced by the collision of a brane in the bulk space with a bounding orbifold
plane, beginning from an otherwise cold, vacuous, static universe. The model
addresses the cosmological horizon, flatness and monopole problems and
generates a nearly scale-invariant spectrum of density perturbations without
invoking superluminal expansion (inflation). The scenario relies, instead, on
physical phenomena that arise naturally in theories based on extra dimensions
and branes. As an example, we present our scenario predominantly within the
context of heterotic M-theory. A prediction that distinguishes this scenario
from standard inflationary cosmology is a strongly blue gravitational wave
spectrum, which has consequences for microwave background polarization
experiments and gravitational wave detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86564 </DOCNO>
Rossby-Haurwitz waves of a slowly and differentially rotating fluid


  Recent studies have raised doubts about the occurrence of r modes in
Newtonian stars with a large degree of differential rotation. To assess the
validity of this conjecture we have solved the eigenvalue problem for
Rossby-Haurwitz waves (the analogues of r waves on a thin-shell) in the
presence of differential rotation. The results obtained indicate that the
eigenvalue problem is never singular and that, at least for the case of a
thin-shell, the analogues of r modes can be found for arbitrarily large
degrees of differential rotation. This work clarifies the puzzling results
obtained in calculations of differentially rotating axi-symmetric Newtonian
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6963 </DOCNO>
Scaling Exponent for Coarsening in a 1D q-state system


  An exponent $\beta$ which characterises non-equilibrium coarsening processes
is calculated in a deterministic solvable model of coarsening for a 1D q-state
Potts system. We study how the fraction of sites P which have never changed
their state, scale with the characteristic domain length $<\ell>$. $\beta$ is
defined by P \sim $<\ell>^{\beta -1}$. We propose a new model of coarsening
that prevents correlations from developing between domains thereby ensuring
tractability and an exact result for any q.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3362 </DOCNO>
Spin-1/2 Collective Excitations in BEC of Interacting Spin-1 Atoms


  We construct spin-1/2 collective excitations in BEC of interacting spin-1
atoms. These excitations exist in states with a maximal global degeneracy. The
stability and energy of these objects are determined by interactions with spin
fluctuations and are studied based on a duality relation between
hyper-monopoles and magnetic monopoles in physical space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5217 </DOCNO>
Coordination of Decisions in a Spatial Agent Model


  For a binary choice problem, the spatial coordination of decisions in an
agent community is investigated both analytically and by means of stochastic
computer simulations. The individual decisions are based on different local
information generated by the agents with a finite lifetime and disseminated in
the system with a finite velocity. We derive critical parameters for the
emergence of minorities and majorities of agents making opposite decisions and
investigate their spatial organization. We find that dependent on two essential
parameters describing the local impact and the spatial dissemination of
information, either a definite stable minority/majority relation
(single-attractor regime) or a broad range of possible values (multi-attractor
regime) occurs. In the latter case, the outcome of the decision process becomes
rather diverse and hard to predict, both with respect to the share of the
majority and their spatial distribution. We further investigate how a
dissemination of information on different time scales affects the outcome of
the decision process. We find that a more ``efficient'' information exchange
within a subpopulation provides a suitable way to stabilize their majority
status and to reduce ``diversity'' and uncertainty in the decision process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148736 </DOCNO>
Background field method in the Wilson formulation


  A cutoff regularization for a pure Yang-Mills theory is implemented within
the background field method keeping explicit the gauge invariance of the
effective action. The method has been applied to compute the beta function at
one loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75133 </DOCNO>
Bounds on tau neutrino magnetic moment and charge radius from Super-K


  Neutrinos can scatter electrons in water detectors through their magnetic
moments and charge radii in addition to the charged and neutral currents
channels. The recent solar neutrino charged current event rates announced by
SNO with the earlier solar and atmospheric neutrino observations from
Super-Kamiokande allows us to put upper bounds of $\mu <10^{-9} \mu_B$ on
neutrino magnetic moments and $<r^2> < 10^{-31} cm^2$ on the neutrino charge
radii. For the electron and muon neutrinos these bounds are comparable with
existing bounds but for tau neutrinos these bounds are three orders of
magnitude more stringent than earlier terrestrial bounds. These bounds are
independent of any specific model of neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127647 </DOCNO>
The Milky Way in X-rays for an outside observer: Log(N)-Log(S) and


  We study the Log(N)-Log(S) and X-ray luminosity function in the 2-10 keV
energy band, and the spatial (3-D) distribution of bright, log(L_X) > 34-35
erg/s, X-ray binaries in the Milky Way. In agreement with theoretical
expectations and earlier results we found significant differences between the
spatial distributions of low (LMXB) and high (HMXB) mass X-ray binaries. The
volume density of LMXB sources peaks strongly at the Galactic Bulge. HMXBs tend
to avoid the inner 3-4 kpc of the Galaxy, HMXBs are more concentrated towards
the Galactic Plane and show clear signatures of the spiral structure in their
spatial distribution. LMXB sources have a flatter Log(N)-Log(S) distribution
and luminosity function than HMXBs. The integrated 2-10 keV luminosities of
X-ray binaries, averaged over 1996--2000, are 2-3 * 10^39 (LMXB) and 2-3 *
10^38 (HMXB) erg/s. Normalised to the stellar mass and the star formation rate,
respectively, these correspond to 5 * 10^28 erg/s/M_sol for LMXBs and 5 * 10^37
erg/s/(M_sol/yr) for HMXBs. Due to the shallow slopes of the luminosity
functions the integrated emission of X-ray binaries is dominated by the 5-10
most luminous sources which determine the appearance of the Milky Way in the
standard X-ray band for an outside observer. In particular variability of
individual sources or an outburst of a bright transient source can increase the
integrated luminosity of the Milky Way by as much as a factor of ~2. Although
the average LMXB luminosity function shows a break near the Eddington
luminosity for a 1.4 M_sol neutron star, at least 11 sources showed episodes of
super-Eddington luminosity during ASM observations. We provide the maps of
distribution of X-ray binaries in the Milky Way in various projections, which
can be compared to images of nearby galaxies taken by CHANDRA and XMM-Newton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75201 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous parity breaking and fermion masses


  We present a SU(2)_L * SU(2)_R * U(1) left-right symmetric model for
elementary particles and their connection with the fermion mass spectrum. New
mirror fermions and a minimal set of Higgs particles are proposed. The model
can accommodate a consistent pattern for charged and neutral fermion masses as
well as neutrino oscillations. The connection between the left and right
sectors can be done by the neutral vector gauge boson Z and a new heavy Z'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149164 </DOCNO>
Return of the Torsion D-Branes


  We study D-branes on Calabi-Yau manifolds, carrying charges which are torsion
elements of the K-theory. Interesting physics ensues when we follow these
branes into nongeometrical phases of the compactification. On the level of
K-theory, we determine the monodromies of the group of charges as we circle
singular loci in the closed string moduli space. Going beyond K-theory, we
discuss the stability of torsion D-branes as a function of the K\"ahler moduli.
When the fundamental group of the Calabi-Yau is nonabelian, we find evidence
for new threshold bound states of BPS branes. In a two-parameter example, we
compare our results with computations in the Gepner model. Our study of the
torsion D-branes in the compactification of [FHSV] sheds light on the physics
of that model. In particular, we develop a proposal for the group of allowed
D-brane charges in the presence of discrete RR fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72703 </DOCNO>
Flavour Dynamics: CP Violation and Rare Decays


  These lectures give an up to date description of CP violation and rare decays
of K and B mesons and consist of ten chapters: i) Grand view of the field
including CKM matrix and the unitarity triangle, ii) General aspects of the
theoretical framework based on effective weak Hamiltonians, the operator
product expansion and the renormalization group, iii) Particle-antiparticle
mixing and various types of CP violation, iv) Standard analysis of the
unitarity triangle, v) The ratio epsilon'/epsilon, vi) Rare decays K^+ -> pi^+
nu barnu and K_L to pi^0 nu barnu, vii) Express review of other rare decays,
viii) CP violation in B decays, ix) A brief look beyond the Standard Model
discussing in particular the models with minimal flavour violation, x)
Perspectives for the coming years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127751 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Spin-Down Induced Phenomena: Heating; Magnetic Field Evolution;


  Modeling the dynamics of the quantum fluids within a spinning-down neutron
star gives a description consistent with observed pulsar magnetic field
evolution and spin-period "glitches." The long-standing problem of large
predicted excesses in spin-down sustained pulsar heating from such models now
see ms resolvable. However, the origin of some pulsar spin-period and
pulse-shape modulations which have been interpreted as manifestations of very
long period (~year) stellar precession is a crucial challenge to canonical
neutron star models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167932 </DOCNO>
Inhibition of Decoherence due to Decay in a Continuum


  We propose a scheme for slowing down decay into a continuum. We make use of a
sequence of ultrashort $2\pi$-pulses applied on an auxiliary transition of the
system so that there is a destructive interference between the two transition
amplitudes - one before the application of the pulse and the other after the
application of the pulse. We give explicit results for a structured continuum.
Our scheme can also inhibit unwanted transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2011 </DOCNO>
Clustering and preferential attachment in growing networks


  We study empirically the time evolution of scientific collaboration networks
in physics and biology. In these networks, two scientists are considered
connected if they have coauthored one or more papers together. We show that the
probability of scientists collaborating increases with the number of other
collaborators they have in common, and that the probability of a particular
scientist acquiring new collaborators increases with the number of his or her
past collaborators. These results provide experimental evidence in favor of
previously conjectured mechanisms for clustering and power-law degree
distributions in networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125245 </DOCNO>
Kinematic dynamo wave in the vicinity of the solar poles


  We consider a dynamo wave in the solar convective shell for the kinematic
$\alpha\omega$-dynamo model. The spectrum and eigenfunctions of the
corresponding equations are derived analytically with the aid of the WKB
method. Our main aim here is to investigate the dynamo wave behavior in the
vicinity of the solar poles. Explicit expressions for the incident and
reflected waves are obtained. The reflected wave is shown to be relatively weak
in comparison to the incident wave. The phase shifts and the ratio of
amplitudes of the two waves are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148323 </DOCNO>
A Review on Tachyon Condensation in Open String Field Theories


  We review the recent studies of tachyon condensation in string field theory.
After introducing the open string field theory both for bosonic string and for
superstring, we use them to examine the conjecture that the unstable
configurations of the D-brane will decay into the `closed string vacuum'
through the tachyon condensation. And we describe the attemps to construct a
lower dimensional bosonic D-brane as an unstable lump solution of the string
field equation. We obtain exact results from another formulation, background
independent open string field theory. We also discuss some other topics which
are related to tachyon condensation in string theory, such as the construction
of a D-brane as a noncommutative soliton and some field theory models. This
paper is based on my master's thesis submitted to Department of Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo on January 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74474 </DOCNO>
Tachyonic Preheating and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking


  We discuss the recent scenario of tachyonic preheating at the end of
inflation as a consequence of a tachyonic mass term in the scalar field
responsible for spontaneous symmetry breaking. We use 3D lattice simulations to
expore this very non-perturbative and non-linear phenomenon, which occurs due
to the spinodal instability of the scalar field. Tachyonic preheating is so
efficient that symmetry breaking typically completes within a single
oscillation of the field distribution as it rolls towards the minimum of its
effective potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98368 </DOCNO>
Some aspects of the global geometry of entire space-like submanifolds


  We prove some Bernstein theorems for entire space-like submanifolds in
pseudo-Euclidean spaces and, as a corollary, we obtain a new proof of the
Calabi-Pogorelov theorem on global solutions of Monge-Ampere equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41072 </DOCNO>
Measurements of CP violation, mixing and lifetimes in B meson decays


  The BABAR detector, which operates at the SLAC PEPII asymmetric e+e- collider
at energies near the Y(4S) resonance has collected about 23M B-anti-B pairs in
year 2000. Based on this data sample, we present the first study of sin(2b),
with samples of B^0 --> J/psi K0S, B^0 --> psi(2S) K0S and B^0 --> J/psi K0L
decays. The measured value is 0.34+-0.20+-0.05. In addition, we present
preliminary measurements of charged and neutral B meson lifetimes and
B^0-anti-B^0 oscillation frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168526 </DOCNO>
State property systems and closure spaces: a study of categorical


  We show that the natural mathematical structure to describe a physical entity
by means of its states and its properties within the Geneva-Brussels approach
is that of a state property system. We prove that the category of state
property systems (and morphisms), SP, is equivalent to the category of closure
spaces (and continuous maps), Cls. We show the equivalence of the 'state
determination axiom' for state property systems with the 'T0 separation axiom'
for closure spaces. We also prove that the category SP0 of state determined
state property systems is equivalent to the category L0 of based complete
lattices. In this sense the equivalence of SP and Cls generalizes the
equivalence of Cls0 and L0, proven in Erne 1984.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148655 </DOCNO>
On $(\alpha')^2$ corrections to the D-brane action for non-geodesic


  In hep-th/9903210 (curvature)$^2$ terms of the effective D-brane action were
derived to lowest order in the string coupling. Their results are correct up to
ambiguous terms which involve the second fundamental form of the D-brane. We
compute five point string amplitudes on the disk. We compare the subleading
order in $\alpha'$ of the string amplitudes with the proposed lagrangian of
hep-th/9903210 supplemented by the ambiguous terms. The comparison determines
the complete form of the gravitational terms in the effective D-brane action to
order ${\calO}(\alpha^{' 2})$. Our results are valid for arbitrary ambient
geometries and world-volume embeddings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114215 </DOCNO>
Zipf's law in human heartbeat dynamics


  It is shown that the distribution of low variability periods in the activity
of human heart rate typically follows a multi-scaling Zipf's law. The presence
or failure of a power law, as well as the values of the scaling exponents, are
personal characteristics depending on the daily habits of the subjects.
Meanwhile, the distribution function of the low-variability periods as a whole
discriminates efficiently between various heart pathologies. This new technique
is also applicable to other non-linear time-series and reflects these aspects
of the underlying intermittent dynamics, which are not covered by other methods
of linear- and nonlinear analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1551 </DOCNO>
Localization corrections to the anomalous Hall effect in a ferromagnet


  We calculate the localization corrections to the anomalous Hall conductivity
related to the contribution of spin-orbit scattering into the current vertex
(side-jump mechanism). We show that in contrast to the ordinary Hall effect,
there exists a nonvanishing localization correction to the anomalous Hall
resistivity. The correction to the anomalous Hall conductivity vanishes in the
case of side-jump mechanism, but is nonzero for the skew scattering. The total
correction to the nondiagonal conductivity related to both mechanisms, does not
compensate the correction to the diagonal conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40960 </DOCNO>
Energy Dependence of Nuclear Transparency in C(p,2p) Scattering


  The transparency of carbon for (p,2p) quasi-elastic events was measured at
beam energies ranging from 6 to 14.5 GeV at 90 degrees c.m. The four momentum
transfer squared q*q ranged from 4.8 to 16.9 (GeV/c)**2. We present the
observed energy dependence of the ratio of the carbon to hydrogen cross
sections. We also apply a model for the nuclear momentum distribution of carbon
to normalize this transparency ratio. We find a sharp rise in transparency as
the beam energy is increased to 9 GeV and a reduction to approximately the
Glauber level at higher energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148635 </DOCNO>
Phases of supersymmetric gauge theories from M-theory on G_2 manifolds


  We consider M-theory on compact spaces of G_2 holonomy constructed as
orbifolds of the form (CY x S^1)/Z_2 with fixed point set \Sigma on the CY.
This describes N=1 SU(2) gauge theories with b_1(\Sigma) chiral multiplets in
the adjoint. For b_1=0, it generalizes to compact manifolds the study of the
phase transition from the non-Abelian to the confining phase through
geometrical S^3 flops. For b_1=1, the non-Abelian and Coulomb phases are
realized, where the latter arises by desingularization of the fixed point set,
while an S^2 x S^1 flop occurs. In addition, an extremal transition between G_2
spaces can take place at conifold points of the CY moduli space where
unoriented membranes wrapped on CP^1 and RP^2 become massless.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179526 </DOCNO>
Low-energy Compton scattering on the nucleon and sum rules


  The Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn and Baldin-Lapidus sum rules are evaluated in the
dressed K-matrix model for photon-induced reactions on the nucleon. For the
first time the sum $\alpha+\beta$ of the electric and magnetic polarisabilities
and the forward spin polarisability $\gamma_0$ are explicitly calculated in two
alternative ways -- from the sum rules and from the low-energy expansion of the
real Compton scattering amplitude -- within the {\em same} framework. The two
methods yield compatible values for $\alpha+\beta$ but differ somewhat for
$\gamma_0$. Consistency between the two ways of determining the
polarisabilities is a measure of the extent to which basic symmetries of the
model are obeyed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125317 </DOCNO>
On the gas temperature in circumstellar disks around A stars


  In circumstellar disks or shells it is often assumed that gas and dust
temperatures are equal where the latter is determined by radiative equilibrium.
This paper deals with the question whether this assumption is applicable for
tenous circumstellar disks around young A stars. In this paper the thin
hydrostatic equilibrium models described by Kamp & Bertoldi (2000) are combined
with a detailed heating/cooling balance for the gas. The most important heating
and cooling processes are heating through infrared pumping, heating due to the
drift velocity of dust grains, and fine structure and molecular line cooling.
Throughout the whole disk gas and dust are not efficiently coupled by
collisions and hence their temperatures are quite different. Most of the gas in
the disk models considered here stays well below 300 K. In the temperature
range below 300 K the gas chemistry is not much affected by T_gas and therefore
the simplifying approximation T_gas = T_dust can be used for calculating the
chemical structure of the disk. Nevertheless the gas temperature is important
for the quantitative interpretation of observations, like fine structure and
molecular lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73218 </DOCNO>
Neutrinoless double beta decay potential in a large mixing angle world


  We discuss the possibility of reconstructing the neutrino mass spectrum from
the complementary processes of neutrino oscillations and double beta decay in
view of the new data of Super-Kamiokande presented at the Neutrino2000
conference. Since the large mixing angle solution is favored, now, the
prospects to observe double beta decay and provide informations on the absolute
mass scale in the neutrino sector have been improved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5018 </DOCNO>
Anomalous scaling and Lee-Yang zeroes in Self-Organized Criticality


  We show that the generating functions of avalanche observables in SOC models
exhibits a Lee-Yang phenomenon. This establishes a new link between the
classical theory of critical phenomena and SOC. A scaling theory of the
Lee-Yang zeroes is proposed including finite sampling effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124048 </DOCNO>
A Closed Non-Collapsing 3-D Universe Predicting A New Source of Gravity


  Could one start from scratch, ignore relativity theory and quantum theory,
create and expand our 3-D universe with no singularities, have the mathematical
model predict correctly all of the cosmological parameters, provide the origins
and understanding of time, energy, gravity and some of quantum behavior inside
our 3-D universe and do all of that with just high school algebra and a little
calculus? The answer is: Yes, it has been done and includes many falsifiable
predictions. For the mathematical model, some new physical concepts are needed
together with some older physical concepts such as the scaling of radiation and
matter with the expansion and the idea that clumps of mass locally curve our
3-D space. Instead of assuming roll-up dimensional changes of space that
occurred sometime in the past, here the major postulate is that such an ongoing
dimensional change of space drives our universe yet today. The first paper,
astro-ph/0102071, presented the predicted magnitudes of the new model for
supernova Ia and the excellent fit with the astronomical measurements without
the cosmological constant. This second paper will present more of the theory
and other important predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114222 </DOCNO>
Relationship between sunspot number and total annual precipitation at


  A possible relationship between sunspot number and total annual precipitation
from the Izana Observatory has been found. The annual precipitation period
ranges from 1916 to 1998, thus including nearly eight 11-year solar cycles.
  When points of total precipitation for a given year at Izana are plotted on
the ordinate axis versus the yearly sunspot number on the abcisa axis three
years back from the precipitation one, nearly all of them lie in the lower left
hand corner of the diagram. This seems to indicate a relationship between the
above mentioned variables.
  If this relationship is confirmed it would permit the prediction of a maximum
annual precipitation at Izana three years in advance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95595 </DOCNO>
q-Analogues for Green functions for powers of the invariant Laplacian in


  In a recent work of J. Peetre and M. Engli\u{s} explicit formulae were
obtained for Green functions of the powers of the M\"obius-invariant Laplace
operator in the unit disc. In the present work their q-analogues for the first
and the second powers are obtained. By the way a q-analogue of the dilogarithm
in Rogers' form arises.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98703 </DOCNO>
Laplace and Schr\"odinger operators on regular metric trees: the


  The Schr\"odinger operator on a metric tree is a family of ordinary
differential operators on its edges complemented by certain matching conditions
at the vertices. The regular trees are highly symmetric. This allows one to
construct an orthogonal decomposition of the space L_2 on the tree which
reduces the Schr\"odinger operator with any symmetric weight. Using this
decomposition, we analyse the spectrum of such operators, including the free
Laplacian, under various assumptions about the tree and the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149327 </DOCNO>
(2,0) Superconformal OPEs in D=6, Selection Rules and


  We analyse the OPE of any two 1/2 BPS operators of (2,0) SCFT$_6$ by
constructing all possible three-point functions that they can form with
another, in general long operator. Such three-point functions are uniquely
determined by superconformal symmetry. Selection rules are derived, which allow
us to infer ``non-renormalization theorems'' for an abstract superconformal
field theory. The latter is supposedly related to the strong-coupling dynamics
of $N_c$ coincident M5 branes, dual, in the large-$N_c$ limit, to the bulk
M-theory compactified on AdS$_7 \times$S$_4$. An interpretation of extremal and
next-to-extremal correlators in terms of exchange of operators with protected
conformal dimension is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98533 </DOCNO>
Double Elliptic Dynamical Systems From Generalized Mukai - Sklyanin


  We consider the double-elliptic generalisation of dynamical systems of
Calogero-Toda-Ruijsenaars type using finite-dimensional Mukai-Sklyanin
algebras. The two-body system, which involves an elliptic dependence both on
coordinates and momenta, is investigated in detail and the relation with Nambu
dynamics is mentioned. We identify the 2D complex manifold associated with the
double elliptic system as an elliptically fibered rational ("1/2K3 ") surface.
Some generalisations are suggested which provide the ground for a description
of the N-body systems. Possible applications to SUSY gauge theories with
adjoint matter in $d=6$ with two compact dimensions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87142 </DOCNO>
Data analysis of continuous gravitational wave: Fourier transform-I


  We present the Fourier Transform of the data output of gravitational wave
laser interferometer for continuous gravitational wave. We have analysed the
data set for one day observation time and our analysis is applicable for
arbitrary location of detector and source. We have taken into account the
effects arising due to rotational as well as orbital motions of earth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1353 </DOCNO>
Cluster Percolation and Pseudocritical Behaviour in Spin Models


  The critical behaviour of many spin models can be equivalently formulated as
percolation of specific site-bond clusters. In the presence of an external
magnetic field, such clusters remain well-defined and lead to a percolation
transition, even though the system no longer shows thermal critical behaviour.
We investigate the 2-dimensional Ising model and the 3-dimensional O(2) model
by means of Monte Carlo simulations. We find for small fields that the line of
percolation critical points has the same functional form as the line of thermal
pseudocritical points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6812 </DOCNO>
Return or stock price differences


  The analysis which assumes that tick by tick data is linear may lead to wrong
conclusions if the underlying process is multiplicative. We compare data
analysis done with the return and stock differences and we study the limits
within the two approaches are equivalent. Some illustrative examples concerning
these two approaches are given. Actual data is taken from S&P 500 stock cash
index.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77104 </DOCNO>
Lanczos's equation to replace Dirac's equation ?


  Lanczos's quaternionic interpretation of Dirac's equation provides a unified
description for all elementary particles of spin 0, 1/2, 1, and 3/2. The
Lagrangian formulation given by Einstein and Mayer in 1933 predicts two main
classes of solutions. (1) Point like partons which come in two families, quarks
and leptons. The correct fractional or integral electric and baryonic charges,
and zero mass for the neutrino and the u-quark, are set by eigenvalue
equations. The electro-weak interaction of the partons is the same as with the
Standard model, with the same two free parameters: e and sin^2 theta. There is
no need for a Higgs symmetry breaking mechanism. (2) Extended hadrons for which
there is no simple eigenvalue equation for the mass. The strong interaction is
essentially non-local. The pion mass and pion-nucleon coupling constant
determine to first order the nucleon size, mass and anomalous magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124711 </DOCNO>
New solution to viscous evolution of accretion disks in binary systems


  Analytical investigation of time-dependent accretion in disks is carried out.
We consider a time-dependent disk in a binary system at outburst which has a
fixed tidally-truncated outer radius. The standard Shakura-Sunyaev model of the
disk is considered. The vertical structure of the disk is accurately described
in two regimes of opacity: Thomson and free-free. Fully analytical solutions
are obtained, characterized by power-law variations of accretion rate with
time. The solutions supply asymptotic description of disk evolution in flaring
sources in the periods after outbursts while the disk is fully ionized. The
X-ray flux of multicolor (black-body) alpha-disk is obtained as varying
quasi-exponentially. Application to X-ray novae is briefly discussed concerning
the observed faster-than-power decays of X-ray light curves. The case of
time-dependent advective disk when the exponential variations of accretion rate
can occur is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6707 </DOCNO>
Quantum Effects in the Conductivity of a Quasi 2D Electron Gas


  We consider the role of the third dimension in the conductivity of a quasi 2D
electron gas. It is demonstrated that, if the transverse correlation radius of
the scattering potential is smaller than the width of the channel, i.e. the
width of the transverse electron density distribution, then scattering to
higher levels of the confinement potential becomes important and the current
flow profile becomes broader than the electron density profile. The resulting
conductivity is larger than that obtained from a 2D Boltzmann equation. A
magnetic field, parallel to the driving electric field, effectively narrows the
current flow profile, which may result in a strong positive longitudinal
magnetoresistivity of the quasi 2D electron gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96302 </DOCNO>
Hausdorff and topological dimension for polynomial automorphisms of


  Let $g$ be a polynomial automorphism of $\C^2$. We study the Hausdorff
dimension and topological dimension of the Julia set of $g$. We show that when
$g$ is a hyperbolic mapping, then the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set is
strictly greater than its topological dimension. Moreover, the Julia set cannot
be locally connected. We also provide estimates for the dimension of the Julia
sets in the general (not necessarily hyperbolic) case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1315 </DOCNO>
Agent-based simulation of a financial market


  This paper introduces an agent-based artificial financial market in which
heterogeneous agents trade one single asset through a realistic trading
mechanism for price formation. Agents are initially endowed with a finite
amount of cash and a given finite portfolio of assets. There is no
money-creation process; the total available cash is conserved in time. In each
period, agents make random buy and sell decisions that are constrained by
available resources, subject to clustering, and dependent on the volatility of
previous periods. The model herein proposed is able to reproduce the
leptokurtic shape of the probability density of log price returns and the
clustering of volatility. Implemented using extreme programming and
object-oriented technology, the simulator is a flexible computational
experimental facility that can find applications in both academic and
industrial research projects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129539 </DOCNO>
G28.17+0.05, A Giant Atomic/Molecular Cloud


  HI 21 cm observations with the NRAO 140 Foot telescope have revealed a giant
HI cloud (G28.17+0.05) in the Galactic plane that has unusual properties. The
cloud is 150 pc in diameter, is at a distance of 5 kpc, and contains as much as
100,000 Solar Masses of atomic hydrogen. The cloud consists of a cold core,
T~10 K, and a hotter outer envelope, T < 200 K. There is no observable
difference in the HI line widths, ~7 km/s, between the core and the envelope.
Anomalously-excited 1720 MHz OH emission, with a similar line width, is
associated with the core of the cloud. The cloud core also exhibits 12CO and
13CO self-absorption which indicates that most of the cloud mass is in
molecules. The total mass of the cloud is greater than 200,000 Solar Masses.
The cloud has only a few sites of current star formation. If similar clouds are
associated with other observed sites of anomalously-excited 1720 MHz OH
emission, there may be as many as 100 more of these objects in the inner
galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3172 </DOCNO>
Suppression of the "quasiclassical" proximity gap in


  We study the energy and spatial dependence of the local density of states in
a superconductor--correlated-metal--superconductor Josephson junction, where
the correlated metal is a non-Fermi liquid (described by the Falicov-Kimball
model). Many-body correlations are treated with dynamical mean-field theory,
extended to inhomogeneous systems. While quasiclassical theories predict a
minigap in the spectrum of a disordered Fermi liquid which is proximity-coupled
within a mesoscopic junction, we find that increasing electron correlations
destroy any minigap that might be opened in the absence of many-body
correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98566 </DOCNO>
Homology of Gaussian groups


  We describe new combinatorial methods for constructing an explicit free
resolution of Z by ZG-modules when G is a group of fractions of a monoid where
enough least common multiples exist (``locally Gaussian monoid''), and,
therefore, for computing the homology of G. Our constructions apply in
particular to all Artin groups of finite Coxeter type, so, as a corollary, they
give new ways of computing the homology of these groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5988 </DOCNO>
Thermoelectric power of Cerium and Ytterbium intermetallics


  Temperature dependence S(T) of the thermoelectric power of metallic systems
with cerium and ytterbium ions exhibits some characteristic features, which can
be used to classify these systems into distinct categories. The experimental
data are explained by the Kondo scattering in the presence of the crystal field
splitting and various shapes of S(T) are related to different Kondo scales that
characterize Ce and Yb ions at different temperatures. The low- and
high-temperature behaviors are calculated for different fixed point models and
the overall shape of S(T) is obtained by interpolation.
  At high temperatures, we use the Coqblin-Schrieffer model and calculate S(T)
by perturbation expansion with renormalized coupling constants. The
renormalization is performed by the 'poor man's scaling'.
  At low temperatures, we describe the dilute Ce and Yb alloys by an effective
spin-degenerate single-impurity Anderson model, and the stoichiometric
compounds by an effective spin-degenerate periodic Anderson model. The
parameters of these low-temperature models are such that their effective Kondo
scale coincides with the lowest Kondo scale of the Coqblin-Schrieffer model.
  The interpolation between the results obtained for the Anderson model and the
Coqblin-Schrieffer model explains the overall thermoelectric properties of most
Ce and Yb intermetallics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97916 </DOCNO>
Irreducible Symmetric Group Characters of Rectangular Shape


  We give a new formula for the values of an irreducible character of the
symmetric group S_n indexed by a partition of rectangular shape. Some
observations and a conjecture are given concerning a generalization to
arbitrary shapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75568 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of Heavy Quarkonia


  We investigate the reaction gamma+p -> V+p, with V denoting a Phi or a J/Psi
meson, within the scope of perturbative QCD, treating the proton as a
quark-diquark system. Our predictions extrapolate the existing forward
differential cross-section data into the few-GeV momentum-transfer region. In
case of the J/Psi reasonable results are only obtained by properly taking into
account its mass in the perturbative calculation of the hard-scattering
amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5570 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of quasiparticle lifetime in quantum dots


  The decay rate of quasiparticles in quantum dots is studied through the real
time calculation of the single-particle Green function in the self-consistent
approximation. The method avoids exact diagonalization, transforming the
problem into a system of coupled non-linear integral equations which may be
solved iteratively. That allows us to study systems larger than previously
treated in the literature. Our results for the inverse participation ratio of
many-body states show that the threshold energy for the quasiparticle
disintegration is $E^\ast \sim \sqrt{g} \Delta$. The delocalization transition
is soft rather than sharp. Three different regimes as function of the effective
interaction strength may be clearly identified at high energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128778 </DOCNO>
Phase-resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the millisecond pulsar SAX


  We present new results based on RXTE observations of SAX J1808.4-3658. The
X-ray spectrum can be fitted by a two-component model. We interpret the soft
component as blackbody emission from a heated spot on the neutron star, and the
hard component as coming from Comptonization in plasma heated by the accretion
shock as the material collimated by the magnetic field impacts onto the neutron
star surface. The hotspot is probably the source of seed photons for
Comptonization. The hard component illuminates the disc, giving rise to a
reflected spectrum. The inferred evolution of the inner radius is not
consistent with the magnetic field truncating the disc. Instead it seems more
likely that the inner disc radius is set by some much longer time-scale
process, most probably connected to the overall evolution of the accretion
disc. This disc truncation mechanism would then have to be generic in all low
mass accretion rate flows both in disc accreting neutron stars and black hole
systems. The phase resolved spectra show clearly that the blackbody and hard
Comptonized spectra pulse independently. This obviously gives an energy
dependent phase lag. Full general relativistic effects are not required to
explain this. We do not detect Compton reflection from the neutron star
surface, though we predict that it should be present in the X-ray spectrum.
This would give an unambiguous observational measure of M/R if there is any
iron on the neutron star surface which is not completely ionized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149792 </DOCNO>
Exceptional String: Instanton Expansions and Seiberg-Witten Curve


  We investigate instanton expansions of partition functions of several toric
E-string models using local mirror symmetry and elliptic modular forms. We also
develop a method to obtain the Seiberg--Witten curve of E-string with arbitrary
Wilson lines with the help of elliptic functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124299 </DOCNO>
Arecibo imaging of compact high-velocity clouds


  Ten isolated compact high-velocity clouds (CHVCs) of the type cataloged by
Braun & Burton (1999) have been imaged with the Arecibo telescope and were
found to have a nested core/halo morphology. We argue that a combination of
high-resolution filled-aperture and synthesis data is crucial to determining
the intrinsic properties of the CHVCs. We identify the halos as Warm Neutral
Medium surrounding one or more cores in the Cool Neutral Medium phase. These
halos are clearly detected and resolved by the Arecibo filled-aperture imaging,
which reaches a limiting sensitivity (1 sigma) of N_H about 2x10^17 cm^-2 over
the typical 70 km/s linewidth at zero intensity. The FWHM linewidth of the halo
gas is found to be 25 km/s, consistent with a WNM thermal broadening within
10^4 K gas. Substantial asymmetries are found at high N_H (>10^18.5 cm^-2)
levels in 60% of our sample. A high degree of reflection-symmetry is found at
low N_H (<10^18.5 cm^-2) in all sources studied at these levels. The
column-density profiles of the envelopes are described well by the sky-plane
projection of a spherical exponential in atomic volume density, which allows
estimating the characteristic central halo column density, N_H(0) =
4.1+/-3.2x10^19 cm^-2, and characteristic exponential scale-length,
h_B=420+/-90 arcsec. For plausible values of the thermal pressure at the
CNM/WNM interface, these edge profiles allow distance estimates to be made for
the individual CHVCs studied here which range between 150 and 850 kpc.
(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2267 </DOCNO>
Quantum Fractal Fluctuations


  We numerically analyse quantum survival probability fluctuations in an open,
classically chaotic system. In a quasi-classical regime, and in the presence of
classical mixed phase space, such fluctuations are believed to exhibit a
fractal pattern, on the grounds of semiclassical arguments. In contrast, we
work in a classical regime of complete chaoticity, and in a deep quantum regime
of strong localization. We provide evidence that fluctuations are still
fractal, due to the slow, purely quantum algebraic decay in time produced by
dynamical localization. Such findings considerably enlarge the scope of the
existing theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97590 </DOCNO>
An Index Theory for Paths that are Solutions of a Class of Strongly


  We prove a generalized version of the Morse index theorem for geodesics
endowed with a non positive definite metric tensor (semi-Riemannian manifolds).
We apply the result to obtain lower estimates on the number of geodesics
joining two fixed non conjugate points in certain classes of manifolds. More
specifically, we consider semi-Riemannian manifolds $(M,\mathfrak g)$ admitting
a smooth distribution spanned by commuting Killing vector fields and containing
a maximal negative distribution for $\mathfrak$. In particular we obtain Morse
relations for stationary semi-Riemannian manifolds and for the {\em
G\"odel-type} manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4768 </DOCNO>
Adiabaticity in Nonlinear Quantum Dynamics: Bose-Einstein Condensate in


  A simple model of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a box whose size
varies with time is studied to determine the nature of adiabaticity in the
nonlinear dynamics obtained within the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (the nonlinear
Schr\"{o}dinger equation). Analytical and numerical methods are used to
determine the nature of adiabaticity in this nonlinear quantum system. Criteria
for validity of an adiabatic approximation are formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95446 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of Hopf $C^*$-algebras and Hopf von Neumann algebras


  In this article, we will define two canonical cohomology theories for Hopf
$C^*$-algebras and for Hopf von Neumann algebras (with coefficients in their
bicomodules). We will then study the situations when these cohomologies vanish.
The cases of locally compact groups and compact quantum groups will be
considered in more details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3556 </DOCNO>
Effect of Disorder on a D-wave Superconductor


  We apply the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA) to an extended Hubbard
model to describe disordered superconductors with d-wave pairing. We discuss
the pair-breaking effect caused by non-magneticdisorder in presence of Van Hove
Singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127914 </DOCNO>
The theory of CMB anisotropies


  This is a review of the theory of CMB anisotropies, an updated version of a
course given at the troisieme cycle de la Suisse Romande. An introduction to
gauge invariant cosmological perturbation theory is given and the theory CMB
anisotropies is develiped in this context. Simple analytical approximations for
the acoustic peak positions for adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations are
derived. Silk damping is discussed by an analytic approximation. A short
description of the present status of observations and parameter estimation
followed by a critical discussion terminate the review. The full system of
differential equations for CMB anisotropies and polarization needed in a
numerical treatment is also developed and given in an appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86075 </DOCNO>
Local and global properties of conformally flat initial data for black


  We study physical properties of conformal initial value data for single and
binary black hole configurations obtained using conformal-imaging and
conformal-puncture methods. We investigate how the total mass M_tot of a
dataset with two black holes depends on the configuration of linear or angular
momentum and separation of the holes. The asymptotic behavior of M_tot with
increasing separation allows us to make conclusions about an unphysical
``junk'' gravitation field introduced in the solutions by the conformal
approaches. We also calculate the spatial distribution of scalar invariants of
the Riemann tensor which determine the gravitational tidal forces. For single
black hole configurations, these are compared to known analytical solutions.
Spatial distribution of the invariants allows us to make certain conclusions
about the local distribution of the additional field in the numerical datasets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41101 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the semileptonic b branching fractions and average b


  The semileptonic branching fractions for primary and cascade b decays BR(b ->
lepton-), BR(b -> c -> lepton+) and BR(b -> cbar -> lepton-) were measured in
hadronic Z decays collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP.
  The sample was enriched in b decays using the lifetime information and
various techniques were used to separate leptons from direct or cascade b
decays.
  By fitting the momentum spectra of di-leptons in opposite jets, the average b
mixing parameter chi-bar was also extracted.
  The following results have been obtained:
  BR(b -> lepton-) = (10.70 +/- 0.08 (stat) +/- 0.21
(syst)_{+0.44}^{-0.30}(model))%
  BR(b -> c -> lepton+) = (7.98 +/- 0.22 (stat) +/- 0.21
(syst)^{+0.14}_{-0.20}(model))%
  BR(b -> cbar -> lepton-) = (1.61 +/- 0.20 (stat) +/- 0.17
(syst)^{+0.30}_{-0.44}(model))% chi-bar = 0.127 +/- 0.013 (stat) +/- 0.005
(syst) +/- 0.004(model)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76960 </DOCNO>
General Flavour Blind MSSM and CP Violation


  We study FCNC and CP violating processes in the MSSM without a new flavour
structure (flavour blind MSSM). The low energy parameters are determined by the
running of the soft breaking terms from the GUT scale with SUSY phases
consistent with the EDM constraints. We find that the CP asymmetry in b -> s
gamma can reach large values potentially measurable at B factories, especially
in the low BR(b -> s gamma) region. We analyze the SUSY contributions to the
anomalous magnetic moment of the muon pointing out its impact on the b -> s
gamma CP asymmetry and on the SUSY spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41481 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Production of Lambda_c from 600 GeV/c pion, sigma and proton


  We present data from Fermilab experiment E781 (SELEX) on the hadroproduction
asymmetry for anti-Lambda_c compared to Lambda_c+ as a function of xF and pt2
distributions for Lambda_c+. These data were measured in the same apparatus
using incident pi-, sigma- beams at 600 GeV/c and proton beam at 540 GeV/c. The
asymmetry is studied as a function of xF. In the forward hemisphere with xF >=
0.2 both baryon beams exhibit very strong preference for producing charm
baryons rather than charm antibaryons, while the pion beam asymmetry is much
smaller. In this energy regime the results show that beam fragments play a
major role in the kinematics of Lambda_c formation, as suggested by the leading
quark picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124925 </DOCNO>
Particle Annihilation in Cold Dark Matter Micropancakes


  Cold primordial particle dark matter forms with a distribution in
six-dimensional phase space closely approximating a three-dimensional sheet.
Folds in the mapping of this sheet onto configuration space create ubiquitous
sheetlike caustics (``micropancakes''). A typical WIMP dark matter halo has
many micropancakes, each with a scale comparable to the halo itself, a width
about $10^{-8}$ of the halo size and a typical maximum density up to about
$10^4$ times the halo mean. It is demonstrated here that the total annihilation
rate of dark matter particles is dominated by particles close to these
micropancakes, so radiation is emitted predominantly from highly contorted
two-dimensional surfaces rather than a filled volume. The total annihilation
rate of particles is about a factor of 5 higher than predicted from N-body
simulations, which cannot resolve these features. Micropancakes also produce
sharp line discontinuities in the surface brightness of annihilation radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99129 </DOCNO>
Stable rational cohomology of automorphism groups of free groups and the


  It is not known whether or not the stable rational cohomology groups $\tilde
H^*(Aut(F_\infty);\Q)$ always vanish. We show that either the rational
cohomology does not vanish in certain dimensions, or the integral cohomology of
a moduli space of pointed graphs does not stabilize in certain other
dimensions. Similar results are stated for groups of outer automorphisms. This
yields that $H^5(\hat Q_m; \mathbb{Z})$, $H^6(\hat Q_m; \mathbb{Z})$, and
$H^5(Q_m; \mathbb{Z})$ never stabilize as $m \to \infty$, where the moduli
spaces $\hat Q_m$ and $Q_m$ are the quotients of the spines $\hat X_m$ and
$X_m$ of ``outer space'' and ``auter space'', respectively, introduced by
Culler and Vogtmann and by Hatcher and Vogtmann.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126080 </DOCNO>
Where are the high velocity clouds?


  Recent observations of high velocity clouds (HVCs) have revealed compression
fronts and tail shaped features of HI suggesting that they are interacting with
external medium. We perform 3-D hydro-dynamical simulations of HVCs moving
through a diffuse hot gaseous component, investigating the behaviour of both
extra-galactic dark matter dominated HVCs and nearby pure gas clouds that may
be accreting onto the Galactic disk via a Galactic fountain. Both scenarios can
give rise to similar features as observed if the external medium has a density
$>10^{-4}$ cm$^{-3}$. Observations suggest that this may be too high for a hot
ionised halo or intergalactic gas and supports the Galactic fountain origin, a
model that can also account for the high fraction of HVCs with tails and
asymmetrical morphologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124392 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared coronagraphic imaging of the circumstellar disk around TW


  We present ground-based near-infrared (H-band) imaging of the circumstellar
disk around the nearby classical T Tauri star TW Hydrae. The scattered light
image shows a face-on disk with radius 4 arcseconds (corresponding to 225 AU)
and a morphology which agrees with recent images from the Hubble Space
Telescope and the Very Large Array. The best fit power-law for the disk's
radial surface brightness profile obeys the law r^{-3.3\pm0.3}. We use our
image and published continuum flux densities to derive properties of the disk
with a simple model of emission from an optically thick, flat disk. The
best-fit values for disk mass and inner radius are 0.03 M_{\odot} and 0.3 AU;
best-fit values for temperature, density, and grain opacity power law exponents
(q, p, and \beta) are 0.7, 1.3, and 0.9, respectively. These properties are
similar to those of disks around classical T Tauri stars located in more
distant molecular clouds. Because of TW Hydrae's nearby location and pole-on
orientation, it is a uniquely favorable object for future studies of radial
disk structure at the classical T Tauri stage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174866 </DOCNO>
Search for Delta^++ component in 12^C ground state using 12^C(gamma,


  The differential cross section for the $^{12}$C$(\gamma,\pi^{+}p)$ reaction
has been measured in the $\Delta$(1232) resonance region at high recoil momenta
of the residual nuclear system. The data are analyzed under the assumption that
the formation of the $\pi^+p$ pairs may be interpreted as a
$\gamma\Delta^{++}\to\pi^+p$ process which takes place on a $\Delta^{++}$
preexisting in the target nucleus. Estimates of the $\Delta^{++}$ momentum
distribution $\rho_{\Delta^{++}}(\bar{p})$=0.17 fm$^3$ for a mean momentum
$\bar{p}=300\pm49$ MeV/c as well as the number of $\Delta$ isobars per nucleon
$N_\Delta=0.017$ were obtained for $^{12}$C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95508 </DOCNO>
Imaginary cubic oscillator and its square-well approximation in p -


  Schroedinger equation with the imaginary potential i x^3 is studied, in
momentum representation, via a square-well approximation of kinetic term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2879 </DOCNO>
Effect of defects on thermal denaturation of DNA Oligomers


  The effect of defects on the melting profile of short heterogeneous DNA
chains are calculated using the Peyrard-Bishop Hamiltonian. The on-site
potential on a defect site is represented by a potential which has only the
short-range repulsion and the flat part without well of the Morse potential.
The stacking energy between the two neigbouring pairs involving a defect site
is also modified. The results are found to be in good agreement with the
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99054 </DOCNO>
Invariance of the quasilinear equations of hiperbolic type with respect


  We have solved completely the problem of the description of quasi-linear
hyperbolic differential equations in two independent variables that are
invariant under three-parameter Lie groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96733 </DOCNO>
A geometrical analysis of the field equations in field theory


  In this review paper we give a geometrical formulation of the field equations
in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms of classical field theories (of
first order) in terms of multivector fields. This formulation enables us to
discuss the existence and non-uniqueness of solutions, as well as their
integrability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 323 </DOCNO>
Vortex Dynamics in the Two-Fluid Model


  We have used two-fluid dynamics to study the discrepancy between the work of
Thouless, Ao and Niu (TAN) and that of Iordanskii. In TAN no transverse force
on a vortex due to normal fluid flow was found, whereas the earlier work found
a transverse force proportional to normal fluid velocity u and normal fluid
density. We have linearized the time-independent two-fluid equations about the
exact solution for a vortex, and find three solutions which are important in
the region far from the vortex. Uniform superfluid flow gives rise to the usual
superfluid Magnus force. Uniform normal fluid flow gives rise to no forces in
the linear region, but does not satisfy reasonable boundary conditions at short
distances. A logarithmically increasing normal fluid flow gives a viscous
force. As in classical hydrodynamics, and as in the early work of Hall and
Vinen, this logarithmic increase must be cut off by nonlinear effects at large
distances; this gives a viscous force proportional to u/ln(u), and a transverse
contribution which goes like u/(ln u)^2, even in the absence of an explicit
Iordanskii force. In the limit u goes to zero the TAN result is obtained, but
at nonzero u there are important corrections that were not found in TAN. We
argue that the Magnus force in a superfluid at nonzero temperature is an
example of a topological relation for which finite-size corrections may be
large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72676 </DOCNO>
Photon-Neutrino Interactions in Magnetic Field through Neutrino Magnetic


  We study the neutrino-photon processes like $\gamma\gamma\to\nu\bar{\nu}$ in
the presence of uniform external magnetic field for the case when neutrinos can
couple to the electromagnetic field directly through their dipole magnetic
moment and obtain the stellar energy loss. The process would be of special
relevance in astrophysical situations where standard left-handed neutrinos are
trapped and the right handed neutrinos produced through the spin flip
interaction induced by neutrino magnetic moment alone can freely stream out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73673 </DOCNO>
The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment from a Generic Charged Higgs with


  We study the contribution of a generic charged Higgs $(H^+)$ to the muon
anomalous magnetic moment $a_{\mu}$ with the SUSY soft breaking parameters. We
find out that the deviation between the experimental data and the predicted SM
value on $a_{\mu}$ can be explained by the two-loop charged Higgs diagrams even
with $m_{H^+}\sim 400 GeV$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74385 </DOCNO>
Models of neutrino masses and mixings


  We briefly review models of neutrino masses and mixings. In view of the
existing experimental ambiguities many possibilities are still open. After an
overview of the main alternative options we focus on the most constrained class
of models based on three widely split light neutrinos within SUSY Grand
Unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 584 </DOCNO>
Primary Sequences of Protein-Like Copolymers: Levy Flight Type Long


  We consider the statistical properties of primary sequences of two-letter HP
copolymers (H for hydrophobic and P for polar) designed to have water soluble
globular conformations with H monomers shielded from water inside the shell of
P monomers. We show, both by computer simulations and by exact analytical
calculation, that for large globules and flexible polymers such sequences
exhibit long-range correlations which can be described by Levy-flight
statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95927 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation with symmetry


  In this paper we study the appearance of branches of relative periodic orbits
in Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation processes in the presence of compact symmetry
groups that do not generically exist in the dissipative framework. The
theoretical study is illustrated with several examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128409 </DOCNO>
NIR and Optical Structural Parameters of Galaxies in the Cluster AC118


  We present some preliminary results related to a project aimed at studying
the evolution of the galaxy population in rich environments by means of the
Color-Magnitude relation and of the Fundamental Plane. We derive the NIR and
optical structural parameters for a sample of galaxies in the cluster AC118 at
z=0.31. We prove that reliable structural parameters of galaxies at z$\sim$0.3
can be still derived from ground--based observations. The NIR effective radii,
measured for the first time at this redshift, turn out to be significantly
smaller than those derived from the optical data, providing new insight into
the evolution of colour gradients in galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72579 </DOCNO>
Nonfactorizable contributions to the decay mode D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K^0}


  We point out that the decay mode D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K^0} has no factorizable
contribution. In the chiral perturbation language, treating D^0 as heavy, the
O(p) contribution is zero. We calculate the nonfactorizable chiral loop
contributions of order O(p^3). Then, we use a heavy-light type chiral quark
model to calculate nonfactorizable tree level terms, also of order O(p^3),
proportional to the gluon condensate. We find that both the chiral loops and
the gluon condensate contributions are of the same order of magnitude as the
experimental amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3162 </DOCNO>
Localization properties of two interacting particles in a quasi-periodic


  We study the influence of many-particle interactions on a metal-insulator
transition. We consider the two-interacting-particle problem for onsite
interacting particles on a one-dimensional quasiperiodic chain, the so-called
Aubry-Andr\'{e} model. We show numerically by the decimation method and
finite-size scaling that the interaction does not modify the critical
parameters such as the transition point and the localization-length exponent.
We compare our results to the case of finite density systems studied by means
of the density-matrix renormalization scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74978 </DOCNO>
Resummation of Double Logarithmic Terms LN^2(1/x) in the Polarized


  An alternative equation, resumming of the $\ln^2 1/x$ terms for the polarized
nonsinglet structure function $g_1^{NS}$ at small $x$ is presented.
Construction of the GLAP-like formula for the auxiliary function, corresponding
to the $g_1^{NS}$ at rescaled $Q^2$ variable is shown. Predictions of this
approach for the $g_1^{NS}$ function at small $x$ in a case of a flat as well
as a dynamical input are given. The role of the fixed coupling constant and the
running one is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128850 </DOCNO>
Detection of a Quiescent Low Mass X-Ray Binary Companion in 47 Tucanae


  We present the results of a search for optical counterparts to the two
quiescent low mass X-ray binaries (X5 and X7) in the globular cluster 47
Tucanae, using high quality Chandra and HST images. A faint blue (V=21.7;
U-V=0.9) star within 0.03" of the eclipsing system X5 shows variability on both
short and long timescales, and is the counterpart of the X-ray source. The
colors and variability of this object are consistent with the combination of
light from an accretion disk and a red main sequence star (possibly somewhat
larger than a normal MS star with similar luminosity). No evidence is found for
a star showing either variability or unusual colors near the position of X7,
but a probable chance superposition of a star with V=20.25 limits the depth of
our search.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129482 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectrum and Pulsations of the Vela Pulsar


  We report the results of the spectral and timing analysis of observations of
the Vela pulsar with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The spectrum shows no
statistically significant spectral lines in the observed 0.25--8.0 keV band. It
consists of two distinct continuum components. The softer component can be
modeled as either a magnetic hydrogen atmosphere spectrum with kT = 59 +- 3 eV,
R = 15.5 +- 1.5 km, or a standard blackbody with kT = 129 +- 4 eV, R = 2.1 +-
0.2 km (the radii are for a distance of 250 pc). The harder component, modeled
as a power-law spectrum, gives photon indices depending on the model adopted
for the soft component: gamma = 1.5 +- 0.3 for the magnetic atmosphere soft
component, and gamma = 2.7 +- 0.4 for the blackbody soft component. Timing
analysis shows three peaks in the pulse profile, separated by about 0.3 in
phase. Energy-resolved timing provides evidence for pulse profile variation
with energy. The higher energy (E > 1.8 keV) profile shows significantly higher
pulsed fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1144 </DOCNO>
Tempo and mode in quasispecies evolution


  Evolutionary dynamics in an uncorrelated rugged fitness landscape is studied
in the framework of Eigen's molecular quasispecies model. We consider the case
of strong selection, which is analogous to the zero temperature limit in the
equivalent problem of directed polymers in random media. In this limit the
population is always localized at a single temporary master sequence
$\sigma^\ast(t)$, and we study the statistical properties of the evolutionary
trajectory which $\sigma^\ast(t)$ traces out in sequence space. Numerical
results for binary sequences of length N=10 and exponential and uniform fitness
distributions are presented. Evolution proceeds by intermittent jumps between
local fitness maxima, where high lying maxima are visited more frequently by
the trajectories. The probability distribution for the total time $T$ required
to reach the global maximum shows a $T^{-2}$-tail, which is argued to be
universal and to derive from near-degenerate fitness maxima. The total number
of jumps along any given trajectory is always small, much smaller than
predicted by the statistics of records for random long-ranged evolutionary
jumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4042 </DOCNO>
Towards device-size atomistic models of amorphous silicon


  The atomic structure of amorphous materials is believed to be well described
by the continuous random network model. We present an algorithm for the
generation of large, high-quality continuous random networks. The algorithm is
a variation of the "sillium" approach introduced by Wooten, Winer, and Weaire.
By employing local relaxation techniques, local atomic rearrangements can be
tried that scale almost independently of system size. This scaling property of
the algorithm paves the way for the generation of realistic device-size atomic
networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76263 </DOCNO>
$\eta'(\eta)\to\gamma\gamma$: A Tale of Two Anomalies


  The radiative decays of the pseudoscalar mesons $P=(\pi^0,\eta,\eta')$ are of
special interest as they provide an experimental window on the electromagnetic
and colour chiral $U_A(1)$ anomalies. $\pi^0\to\gamma\gamma$ is well described
by the electromagnetic $U_A(1)$ anomaly under the assumption that $\pi^0$ is a
Goldstone boson for spontaneously broken chiral symmetry, but the analogous
results for $\eta'(\eta)\to\gamma\gamma$ are complicated by the colour $U_A(1)$
anomaly in QCD. This paper reviews the theory of $\eta'(\eta)\to\gamma\gamma$
decays, emphasising the role of the colour $U_A(1)$ anomaly and the
renormalisation group. The relation to the Witten-Veneziano mass formula for
the $\eta'$ and the QCD topological susceptibility is derived. The implications
for the phenomenological analysis of $P\to\gamma\gamma$ are described and a
proposal is made for a comprehensive re-analysis of existing data on
$P\to\gamma\gamma$, $P\to V\gamma$, where $V=(\rho,\omega, \phi)$ is a light
$1^-$ meson, $\eta'(\eta)\to \pi\pi\gamma$, $\psi\to\eta'(\eta)\gamma$, etc.
Other applications, to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $g_\m-2$ and the
determination of the photon structure function $g_1^\gamma$ in polarised deep
inelastic scattering, are also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95531 </DOCNO>
A Constructive Demostration of the Uniqueness of the Christoffel Symbol


  In this note we exhibit a constructive demonstration of the uniqueness of the
Christoffel symbol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4151 </DOCNO>
Finite size effects on the collective oscillations of a trapped Bose gas


  Sum rules are used to calculate the corrections to the hydrodynamic
collective frequencies of a harmonically trapped Bose gas at T=0, due to finite
size effects. We show that, with logarithmic accuracy, the relative corrections
behave like $(a_{ho}/R)^4\log(R/a_{ho})$, where $R$ is the Thomas-Fermi radius
of the condensate and $a_{ho}$ is the oscillator length. Results are given for
both spherical and axi-symmetric trapping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168940 </DOCNO>
Polarization squeezing and continuous-variable polarization entanglement


  The Stokes-parameter operators and the associated Poincare sphere, which
describe the quantum-optical polarization properties of light, are defined and
their basic properties are reviewed. The general features of the Stokes
operators are illustrated by evaluation of their means and variances for a
range of simple polarization states. Some of the examples show polarization
squeezing, in which the variances of one or more Stokes parameters are smaller
than the coherent-state value. The main object of the paper is the application
of these concepts to bright squeezed light. It is shown that a light beam
formed by interference of two orthogonally-polarized quadrature-squeezed beams
exhibits squeezing in some of the Stokes parameters. Passage of such a primary
polarization-squeezed beam through suitable optical components generates a pair
of polarization-entangled light beams with the nature of a two-mode squeezed
state. The use of pairs of primary polarization-squeezed light beams leads to
substantially increased entanglement and to the generation of EPR-entangled
light beams. The important advantage of these nonclassical polarization states
for quantum communication is the possibility of experimentally determining all
of the relevant conjugate variables of both squeezed and entangled fields using
only linear optical elements followed by direct detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98678 </DOCNO>
Intertwined isospectral potentials in an arbitrary dimension


  The method of intertwining with n-dimensional (nD) linear intertwining
operator L is used to construct nD isospectral, stationary potentials. It has
been proven that differential part of L is a series in Euclidean algebra
generators. Integrability conditions of the consistency equations are
investigated and the general form of a class of potentials respecting all these
conditions have been specified for each n=2,3,4,5. The most general forms of 2D
and 3D isospectral potentials are considered in detail and construction of
their hierarchies is exhibited. The followed approach provides coordinate
systems which make it possible to perform separation of variables and to apply
the known methods of supersymmetric quantum mechanics for 1D systems. It has
been shown that in choice of coordinates and L there are a number of
alternatives increasing with $n$ that enlarge the set of available potentials.
Some salient features of higher dimensional extension as well as some
applications of the results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4064 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous magnetization and Hall effect in superconductors with broken


  Broken time reversal symmetry (BTRS) in d wave superconductors is studied and
is shown to yield current carrying surface states. The corresponding
spontaneous magnetization is temperature independent near the critical
temperature Tc for weak BTRS, in accord with recent data. For strong BTRS and
thin films we expect a temperature dependent spontaneous magnetization with a
paramagnetic anomaly near Tc. The Hall conductance is found to vanish at zero
wavevector q and finite frequency w, however at finite q,w it has an unusual
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40989 </DOCNO>
Muon Pair Production by Electron-Photon Scatterings


  The cross section for muon pair productions by electrons scattering over
photons, $\sigma_{MPP}$, is calculated analytically in the leading order. It is
pointed out that for the center-of-mass energy range, $s \geq 5 m^{2}_{\mu}$,
the cross section for $\sigma_{MPP}$ is less than $1 \mu $b. The differential
energy spectrum for either of the resulting muons is given for the purpose of
high-energy neutrino astronomy. An implication of our result for a recent
suggestion concerning the high-energy cosmic neutrino generation through this
muon pair is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74611 </DOCNO>
String Driven Cosmology and its Predictions


  We present a minimal model for the Universe evolution fully extracted from
effective String Theory. This model is by its construction close to the
standard cosmological evolution, and it is driven selfconsistently by the
evolution of the string equation of state itself. The inflationary String
Driven stage is able to reach enough inflation, describing a Big Bang like
evolution for the metric. By linking this model to a minimal but well
established observational information, (the transition times of the different
cosmological epochs), we prove that it gives realistic predictions on early and
current energy density and its results are compatible with General Relativity.
Interestingly enough, the predicted current energy density is found Omega = 1
and a lower limit Omega \geq 4/9 is also found. The energy density at the exit
of the inflationary stage also gives | Omega |_{inf}=1. This result shows an
agreement with General Relativity (spatially flat metric gives critical energy
density) within an inequivalent Non-Einstenian context (string low energy
effective equations). The order of magnitude of the energy density-dilaton
coupled term at the beginning of the radiation dominated stage agrees with the
GUT scale. The predicted graviton spectrum is computed and analyzed without any
free parameters. Peaks and asymptotic behaviours of the spectrum are a direct
consequence of the dilaton involved and not only of the scale factor evolution.
Drastic changes are found at high frequencies: the dilaton produces an
increasing spectrum (in no string cosmologies the spectrum is decreasing).
Without solving the known problems about higher order corrections and graceful
exit of inflation, we find this model closer to the observational Universe than
the current available string cosmology scenarii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86757 </DOCNO>
Low-frequency scalar absorption cross sections for stationary black


  We discuss the absorption cross section for the minimally-coupled massless
scalar field into a stationary and circularly symmetric black hole with nonzero
angular velocity in four or higher dimensions. In particular, we show that it
equals the horizon area in the zero-frequency limit provided that the solution
of the scalar field equation with an incident monochromatic plane wave
converges pointwise to a smooth time-independent solution outside the black
hole and on the future horizon, with the error term being at most linear in the
frequency. We also show that this equality holds for static black holes which
are not necessarily spherically symmetric. The zero-frequency scattering cross
section is found to vanish in both cases. It is shown in an Addendum that the
equality holds for any stationary black hole with vanishing expansion if the
limit solution is known to be a constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97239 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic partition sums and orbits of Z_n^k under the symmetric group


  We study M(n,k,r), the number of orbits of {(a_1,...,a_k)\in Z_n^k |
a_1+...+a_k = r (mod n)} under the action of S_k. Equivalently, M(n,k,r) sums
the partition numbers of an arithmetic sequence: M(n,k,r) = sum_{t \geq 0}
p(n-1,k,r+nt), where p(a,b,t) denotes the number of partitions of t into at
most b parts, each of which is at most a. We derive closed formulas and various
identities for such arithmetic partition sums.
  These results have already appeared in Elashvili/Jibladze/Pataraia,
Combinatorics of necklaces and "Hermite reciprocity", J. Alg. Combin. 10 (1999)
173-188, and the main result was also published by Von Sterneck in Sitzber.
Akad. Wiss. Wien. Math. Naturw. Class. 111 (1902), 1567-1601 (see Lemma 2 and
references in math.NT/9909121). Thanks to Don Zagier and Robin Chapman for
bringing these references to our attention.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87112 </DOCNO>
Decoherent histories on graphs


  The consistent histories approach to quantum mechanics is traditionally based
on linearly ordered sequences of events. We extend the histories formalism to
sets of events whose causal ordering is described by directed acyclic graphs.
The need for a global time is eliminated and our construction reflects the
causal structure faithfully.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169209 </DOCNO>
The s-wave implosion and explosion of free particles


  A free quantum particle in two dimensions with vanishing angular momentum
(s-wave) in the form of a ring-shaped wave packet feels an attractive force
towards the center of the ring, leading first to an implosion followed by an
explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149745 </DOCNO>
Temporal discretisation of the Skyrme Model


  Soliton models are used in elementary particle physics and nuclear physics to
model extended objects such as nucleons, using effective field theories derived
from more fundamental theories such as QCD. Computer simulation requires some
sort of discretisation procedure, a notable example being lattice gauge theory
applied in the imaginary time formulation.
  In this lecture we focus on simulation in real time and the problems which
arise when invariants of the motion are monitored in a simulation.
  Ad hoc discretisations invariably introduce drift in numerically computed
invariants, due not only to numerical accuracy (which can be negligible), but
with the fact that the discretisation may not necessarily imply conservation.
We discuss an approach developed which gives principles for the discretisation
of such systems and for the construction of exact discrete invariants of the
motion. This approach is applied to the Skyrme model.
  Talk at the International Workshop on Nuclear Theory, Rila, June 2001, to be
published in the Proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179345 </DOCNO>
An isobar model for eta photo- and electroproduction on the nucleon


  An isobar model containing Born terms, vector meson exchange and nucleon
resonances is used to analyze recent eta photoproduction data for cross section
and beam asymmetry, as well as JLab electroproduction data. Good overall
description is achieved up to Q^2 = 4.0 (GeV/c)^2. Besides the dominant
S11(1535) resonance, we show that the second S11 resonance, S11(1650), is also
necessary to be included in order to extract S11(1535) resonance parameters
properly. In addition, the beam asymmetry data allow us to extract very small
(<0.1%) N* --> eta N decay branching ratios of D13(1520) and F15(1680)
resonances because of the overwhelming s-wave dominance. The model is
implemented as a part of the MAID program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125286 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a 450 Hz QPO from the Microquasar GRO J1655-40 with RXTE


  We report the discovery with the proportional counter array (PCA) onboard the
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) of a 450 Hz quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO)
in the hard X-ray flux from the galactic microquasar GRO J1655-40. This is the
highest frequency QPO modulation seen to date from a black hole. The QPO is
detected only in the hard X-ray band above 13 keV. It is both strong and
narrow, with a typical rms amplitude of 4.5 % in the 13 - 27 keV range, and a
width of 40 Hz (FWHM). For two observations in which we detect the 450 Hz QPO a
previously known 300 Hz QPO is also observed in the 2 - 13 keV band. We show
that these two QPO sometimes appear simultaneously, thus demonstrating the
first detection of a pair of high frequency QPO in a black hole system. Prior
to this, pairs of high frequency QPO have only been detected in neutron star
systems. GRO J1655-40 is one of only a handful of black hole systems with a
good dynamical mass constraint. For a non-rotating black hole with mass between
5.5 - 7.9 solar masses, the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) ranges from
45 - 70 km. For any mass in this range the radius at which the orbital
frequency reaches 450 Hz is less than the ISCO radius, indicating that if the
modulation is caused by Kepler motion, the black hole must have appreciable
spin. If the QPO frequency is set by the orbital frequency of matter at the
ISCO then for this mass range the dimensionless angular momentum lies between
0.15 < j < 0.5. Moreover, if the modulation is caused by oscillation modes in
the disk or Lense-Thirring precession, then this would also require a rapidly
rotating hole. We briefly discuss the implications of our findings for models
of X-ray variability in black holes and neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83916 </DOCNO>
The temporal calculus of conditional objects and conditional events


  We consider the problem of defining conditional objects (a|b), which would
allow one to regard the conditional probability Pr(a|b) as a probability of a
well-defined event rather than as a shorthand for Pr(ab)/Pr(b). The next issue
is to define boolean combinations of conditional objects, and possibly also the
operator of further conditioning. These questions have been investigated at
least since the times of George Boole, leading to a number of formalisms
proposed for conditional objects, mostly of syntactical, proof-theoretic vein.
  We propose a unifying, semantical approach, in which conditional events are
(projections of) Markov chains, definable in the three-valued extension of the
past tense fragment of propositional linear time logic, or, equivalently, by
three-valued counter-free Moore machines. Thus our conditional objects are
indeed stochastic processes, one of the central notions of modern probability
theory.
  Our model fulfills early ideas of Bruno de Finetti and, moreover, as we show
in a separate paper, all the previously proposed algebras of conditional events
can be isomorphically embedded in our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81223 </DOCNO>
Correlations for non-Hermitian Dirac operators: chemical potential in


  In the presence of a non-vanishing chemical potential the eigenvalues of the
Dirac operator become complex. We use a random matrix model approach to
calculate analytically all correlation functions at weak and strong
non-Hermiticity for three-dimensional QCD with broken flavor symmetry and
four-dimensional QCD in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127455 </DOCNO>
A Spectral Atlas of the Pre-WN Candidate HD 326823


  HD 326823 is a peculiar emission line object. In the literature it was
considered as a pre-WN candidate. Based mainly on high resolution data,
obtained with the FEROS spectrograph, we made an atlas covering 3800-9200A
region. This atlas confirms the presence of several strong HeI lines and
numerous N lines. There is also a deficiency of H, indicating that this object
is indeed in an evolved stage. In addition, with low resolution spectra, we
obtained intensities of several lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2469 </DOCNO>
Thin Fisher Zeroes


  Biskup et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 4794] have recently suggested that
the loci of partition function zeroes can profitably be regarded as phase
boundaries in the complex temperature or field planes.
  We obtain the Fisher zeroes for Ising and Potts models on non-planar
(``thin'') regular random graphs using this approach, and note that the locus
of Fisher zeroes on a Bethe lattice is identical to the corresponding random
graph. Since the number of states appears as a parameter in the Potts solution
the limiting locus of chromatic zeroes is also accessible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1791 </DOCNO>
Effect of Trends on Detrended Fluctuation Analysis


  Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is a scaling analysis method used to
estimate long-range power-law correlation exponents in noisy signals. Many
noisy signals in real systems display trends, so that the scaling results
obtained from the DFA method become difficult to analyze. We systematically
study the effects of three types of trends -- linear, periodic, and power-law
trends, and offer examples where these trends are likely to occur in real data.
We compare the difference between the scaling results for artificially
generated correlated noise and correlated noise with a trend, and study how
trends lead to the appearance of crossovers in the scaling behavior. We find
that crossovers result from the competition between the scaling of the noise
and the ``apparent'' scaling of the trend. We study how the characteristics of
these crossovers depend on (i) the slope of the linear trend; (ii) the
amplitude and period of the periodic trend; (iii) the amplitude and power of
the power-law trend and (iv) the length as well as the correlation properties
of the noise. Surprisingly, we find that the crossovers in the scaling of noisy
signals with trends also follow scaling laws -- i.e. long-range power-law
dependence of the position of the crossover on the parameters of the trends. We
show that the DFA result of noise with a trend can be exactly determined by the
superposition of the separate results of the DFA on the noise and on the trend,
assuming that the noise and the trend are not correlated. If this superposition
rule is not followed, this is an indication that the noise and the superimposed
trend are not independent, so that removing the trend could lead to changes in
the correlation properties of the noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128155 </DOCNO>
The Large-Scale Environment of Dynamical Young Clusters of Galaxies


  We investigate whether the dynamical status of clusters is related to the
large-scale structure of the Universe. We find that cluster substructure is
strongly correlated with the tendency of clusters to be aligned with their
nearest neighbour and in general with the nearby clusters that belong to the
same supercluster. Furthermore, dynamically young clusters are more clustered
than the overall cluster population. These are strong indications that clusters
develop in a hierarchical fashion by merging along the large-scale filamentary
structures within which they are embedded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124122 </DOCNO>
Generation of Magnetic Fields and Jitter Radiation in GRBs. I. Kinetic


  We present a theory of generation of strong (sub-equipartition) magnetic
fields in relativistic collisionless GRB shocks. These fields produced by the
kinetic two-stream instability are tangled on very small spatial scales. This
has a clear signature in the otherwise synchrotron(-self-Compton) $\gamma$-ray
spectrum. Second, we present an analytical theory of jitter radiation, which is
emitted when the correlation length of the magnetic field is smaller then the
gyration (Larmor) radius of the accelerated electrons. We demonstrate that the
spectral power $P(\nu)$ for pure jitter radiation is well-described by a
sharply broken power-law: $P(\nu)\propto\nu^1$ for $\nu<\nu_j$ and
$P(\nu)\propto\nu^{-(p-1)/2}$ for $\nu>\nu_j$, where $p$ is the electron
power-law index and $\nu_j$ is the jitter break, which is independent of the
magnetic field strength and depends on the shock energetics and kinematics.
Here we mostly focus on the first problem. The radiation theory and comparison
with observations will be discussed in the forthcoming publications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168445 </DOCNO>
Geometry of mixed states and degeneracy structure of geometric phases


  We analyze the geometric aspects of unitary evolution of general states for a
multilevel quantum system by exploiting the structure of coadjoint orbits in
the unitary group Lie algebra. Using the same method in the case of SU(3) we
study the effect of degeneracies on geometric phases for three-level systems.
This is shown to lead to a highly nontrivial generalization of the result for
two-level systems in which degeneracy results in a "monopole" structure in
parameter space. The rich structures that arise are related to the geometry of
adjoint orbits in SU(3). The limiting case of a two-level degeneracy in a
three-level system is shown to lead to the known monopole structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2054 </DOCNO>
Electron-electron attractive interaction in Maxwell-Chern-Simons QED3 at


  One discusses the issue of low-energy electron-electron bound states in the
Maxwell-Chern-Simons model coupled to QED3 with spontaneous breaking of a local
U(1)-symmetry. The scattering potential, in the non-relativistic limit,
steaming from the electron-electron Moller scattering, mediated by the
Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Proca gauge field and the Higgs scalar, might be
attractive by fine-tuning properly the physical parameters of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125156 </DOCNO>
Guiding the Way to Gamma-Ray Sources: X-ray Studies of Supernova


  Supernova remnants have long been suggested as a class of potential
counterparts to unidentified gamma-ray sources. The mechanisms by which such
gamma-rays can arise may include emission from a pulsar associated with a
remnant, or a variety of processes associated with energetic particles
accelerated by the SNR shock. Imaging and spectral observations in the X-ray
band can be used to identify properties of the remnants that lead to gamma-ray
emission, including the presence of pulsar-driven nebulae, nonthermal X-ray
emission from the SNR shells, and the interaction of SNRs with dense
surrounding material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5211 </DOCNO>
On the vortex motion in high temperature superconductors


  We show that prominent features in voltage-current characteristics, recently
measured in the mixed state of high-Tc superconductors and interpreted as
evidence for an irreversibility line or a vortex-glass transition, may very
well be explained with the simplest Kim-Anderson approach describing the vortex
motion. In this case, the irreversibility line is not related to a transition
in the system of vortices. Consulting numerous experimental reports on this
subject we have not found a single example, which is in contradiction with this
view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72669 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis via lepton number violation in Anti-GUT model


  We study the baryogenesis via lepton number violation in the model of
Anti-GUT. The origin of the baryogenesis is the existence of right-handed
Majorana neutrinos which decay in a C, CP and lepton number violation way. The
baryon number asymmetry is calculated in the extended Anti-GUT model which is
only able to predict order of magnitude-wise. We predicted baryon number to
entropy ratio, Y_B=1.46{+5.87\atop-1.17}\times10^{-11}, and this result agrees
with experimental values very well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75316 </DOCNO>
Emitter size as a function of mass and transverse mass


  Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac correlations show that the emitter dimension r
decreases as the hadron mass increases. Same behaviour is seen for the
longitudinal dimension r_z dependence on the transverse mass m_T. In both cases
the Heisenberg uncertainty relations yield the same expression for r(m) and
r_z(m_T). This r behaviour also describes the interatomic separation of Bose
condensates. If r represents the emitter radius then its energy density reaches
for baryon masses the high value of ~100GeV/fm^3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148567 </DOCNO>
N=2 Gauge Theories and Systems with Fractional Branes


  We analyse the Seiberg Witten curve describing the N=2 gauge theory dual to
the supergravity solution with fractional branes. Emphasis is given to those
aspects that are related to stringy mechanism known as the enhancon. We also
compare our results with the features of the supergravity duals, which have
been variously interpreted in the literature. Known aspects of the N=2 gauge
theories seem to agree with the supergravity solution, whenever the two
theories can be faithfully compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1302 </DOCNO>
Microwave Surface Resistance in MgB2


  Measurements of the temperature dependence of the surface resistance at 3 GHz
of 100 micron size grains of MgB_2 separated powder are presented and
discussed. The microwave surface resistance data is compared to experimental
results of Nb, Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+\delta} (BSCCO) and theoretical predictions
of s-wave weak coupling electron-phonon theory (BCS).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124768 </DOCNO>
Predictions for self-pollution in globular cluster stars


  Full evolutionary models have been built to follow the phases of asymptotic
giant branch evolution with mass loss for metal mass fractions from Z=0.0002 to
Z=0.004. For the first time, we find that temperatures close to or even larger
than 10^8 K are achieved at low Z; the full CNO cycle operates at the base of
the envelope, the Oxygen abundance for the most metal-poor models of 4 and 5
solar masses is drastically reduced, and sodium and aluminum production by by
proton capture on neon and magnesium can occur. These results may be relevant
for the evolution of primordial massive globular clusters: we suggest that the
low-mass stars may have been polluted at the surface by accretion from the gas
that was lost from the evolving intermediate-mass stars at early ages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127241 </DOCNO>
Temporal variations of solar rotation rate at high latitudes


  Frequency splitting coefficients from Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG)
and Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) observations covering the period 1995--2001
are used to study temporal variations in the solar rotation rate at high
latitudes. The torsional oscillation pattern in the Sun is known to penetrate
to a depth of about $0.1R_\odot$ with alternate bands of faster and slower
rotating plasma. At lower latitudes the bands move towards equator with time.
At higher latitudes, however, the bands appear to move towards the poles. This
is similar to the observed pole-ward movement of large scale magnetic fields at
high latitudes. This also supports theoretical results of pole-ward moving
bands at high latitudes in some mean field dynamo models. The polar rotation
rate is found to decrease between 1995 and 1999 after which it has started
increasing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75876 </DOCNO>
Centrality Dependence of Thermal Parameters in Heavy-Ion Collisions at


  The centrality dependence of thermal parameters, characterizing the hadron
multiplicities, is determined phenomenologically for lead-on-lead collisions at
CERN-SPS for a beam energy of 158 AGeV. The strangeness equilibration factor
shows a clear, approximately linear, increase with increasing centrality, while
the freeze-out temperature and chemical potential remain constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98182 </DOCNO>
Dynamical properties of the space of Lorentzian metrics


  In this article, we try to understand the mechanisms of the non properness of
the action of the group of diffeomorphisms on the space of Lorentzian metrics
of a compact manifold. We give a first result that describes the dynamical
behavior of the sequences of diffeomorphisms involved which entails the
existence of metrics that admit an isotropic geodesic foliation of codimension
1. On the 2-torus, it enables us to prove that the restriction of the action to
the set of non-flat metrics is proper and that on the set of flat metrics the
action is ergodic.. Finally, we show that, contrarily to the Riemannian case,
the space of metrics without isometries is not always open.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5877 </DOCNO>
Electron/Nuclear spin domain walls in quantum Hall systems


  Motivated by recent all optical NMR experiments\cite{Awschalom1,Awschalom2}
on GaAs quantum wells, we propose new experiments that would involve creating
spatially modulated nuclear spin profiles. Due to the hyperfine coupling these
would appear as spatially modulated Overhauser fields for the electrons that
could have an amplitude large enough to cancel or even reverse the external
Zeeman field at some places. We discuss 2D electron gas transport in the
quantum Hall regime at filling factor $\nu = 1$, and demonstrate the existence
of collective modes and topological excitations induced in the electron gas by
various nuclear spin patterns. We calculate the 1/T$_1$ relaxation rate of the
nuclear spins due to coupling with these low lying collective modes and also
discuss how transport and the low energy modes would be affected by a highly
anisotropic g-tensor, which is special to a GaAs quantum well grown in the
$\lbrack 110 \rbrack$ direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75974 </DOCNO>
Aspects of the Unitarized Soft Multipomeron Approach in DIS and


  We study in detail the main features of the unitarized Regge model (CFKS),
recently proposed to describe the small-$Q^2$ domain. It takes into account a
two-component description with two types of unitarized contributions: one is
the multiple pomeron exchange contribution, interacting with the large dipole
configurations, and the other one consists of a unitarized dipole cross
section, describing the interaction with the small size dipoles. We analyze the
ratio between soft and hard pieces as a function of the virtuality, and also
compare the resulting dipole cross section to that from the saturation model.
Diffraction dissociation is also considered, showing the scaling violations in
diffractive DIS and estimating the corresponding logarithmic slope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169399 </DOCNO>
Reconsideration of quantum measurements


  The usual conjectures of quantum measurements approaches, inspired from the
traditional interpretation of Heisenberg's ("uncertainty") relations, are
proved as being incorrect. A group of reconsidered conjectures and a
corresponding new approach are set forth. The quantum measurements, regarded
experimentally as statistical samplings, are described theoretically by means
of linear integral transforms of quantum probability density and current, from
intrinsic into recorded readings. Accordingly, the quantum observables appear
as random variables, valuable, in both readings, through probabilistic
numerical parameters (characteristics). The measurements uncertainties (errors)
are described by means of the intrinsic-recorded changes for the alluded
parameters or for the informational entropies. The present approach, together
with other author's investigations, give a natural and unified reconsideration
of primary problems of Heisenberg's relations and quantum measurements. The
respective reconsideration can offer some nontrivial elements for an expected
re-examination of some disputed subsequent questions regarding the foundations
and interpretation of quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2128 </DOCNO>
The relaxation dynamics of a viscous silica melt: II The intermediate


  We use molecular dynamics computer simulations to study the relaxation
dynamics of a viscous melt of silica. The coherent and incoherent intermediate
scattering functions, F_d(q,t) and F_s(q,t), show a crossover from a nearly
exponential decay at high temperatures to a two-step relaxation at low
temperatures. Close to the critical temperature of mode-coupling theory (MCT)
the correlators obey in the alpha-regime the time temperature superposition
principle (TTSP) and show a weak stretching. We determine the wave-vector
dependence of the stretching parameter and find that for F_d(q,t) it shows
oscillations which are in phase with the static structure factor. The
temperature dependence of the alpha- relaxation times tau shows a crossover
from an Arrhenius law at low temperatures to a weaker T-dependence at
intermediate and high temperatures. At the latter temperatures the T-dependence
is described well by a power law. We find that the exponent gamma of the power
law for tau are significantly larger than the one for the diffusion constant.
The q-dependence of the alpha-relaxation times for F_d(q,t) oscillates around
tau(q) for F_s(q,t) and is in phase with the structure factor. Due to the
strong vibrational component of the dynamics at short times the TTSP is not
valid in the beta- relaxation regime. We show, however, that in this time
window the shape of the curves is independent of the correlator and is given by
a functional form proposed by MCT. We find that the value of the von Schweidler
exponent and the value of gamma for finite q are compatible with the expression
proposed by MCT. We conclude that, in the temperature regime where the
relaxation times are mesoscopic, many aspects of the dynamics of this strong
glass former can be rationalized very well by MCT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40921 </DOCNO>
The NNLO tau+tau- Production Cross Section Close to Threshold


  The threshold behaviour of the cross section sigma(e+e+ -> tau+tau-) is
analysed, taking into account the known higher-order corrections. At present,
this observable can be determined to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in a
combined expansion in powers of alpha_s and fermion velocities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4139 </DOCNO>
Critical Currents and Order-Disorder Phase Transition in the Vortex


  A series of YBa_{2-x}Sr_xCu_4O_8 single crystals was measured to study the
influence of site disorder on the transition line Hss(T) between quasi-ordered
vortex lattice and highly disordered vortex glass, as well as on the maximum
critical current density within the glass phase, jcmax. When 32% of Ba is
replaced by Sr, jcmax is an order of magnitude higher than in the unsubstituted
compound. In contrast, the transition field Hss first drops by a factor of
about five with a substitution of just 10% of Sr for Ba, and then remains
approximately constant for higher Sr contents. Our results indicate that in
very clean systems the order-disorder transition is affected very strongly by
any crystallographic disorder, while above a certain threshold it is relatively
robust with respect to additional disorder. In all substituted crystals Hss
monotonically decreases with an increase of temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126711 </DOCNO>
Properties of Microlensing Light Curve Anomalies Induced by Multiple


  In this paper, we show that the pattern of microlensing light curve anomalies
induced by multiple planets are well described by the superposition of those of
the single-planet systems where the individual planet-primary binary pairs act
as independent lens systems. Since the outer deviation regions around the
planetary caustics of the individual planets occur in general at different
locations, we find that the pattern of anomalies in these regions are hardly
affected by the existence of other planet(s). This implies that even if an
event is caused by a multiple planetary system, a simple single-planet lensing
model is good enough for the description of most anomalies caused by the source
passage of the outer deviation regions. Detection of the anomalies resulting
from the source trajectory passing both the outer deviation regions caused by
more than two planets will provide a new channel of detecting multiple planets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7017 </DOCNO>
Multiband model for tunneling in MgB2 junctions


  Quasiparticle and Josephson tunneling in MgB2-based junctions are studied
theoretically in the framework of a two-band model. The gap functions in
different bands are obtained from an extended Eliashberg formalism, using the
results of band structure calculations. The magnitude and temperature
dependence of the IcRn product are derived, where Ic is the critical current
and Rn the normal state resistance. An IcRn value of 5.9 mV is predicted for
MgB2 tunnel junctions for tunneling in the a-b plane direction and 4.0 mV along
the c-axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75676 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative effects in semi-leptonic B_c decays


  We discuss the impact of the soft degrees of freedom inside the B_c meson on
its rate in the semi-leptonic decay B_c -> X l nu_l where X denotes light
hadrons below the D^0 threshold. In particular we identify contributions
involving soft hadrons which are non-vanishing in the limit of massless
leptons. These contributions become relevant for a measurement of the purely
leptonic B_c decay rate, which due to helicity suppression involves a factor
m_l^2 and thus is much smaller than the contributions involving soft hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150198 </DOCNO>
Geometric construction of elliptic integrable systems and N=1^*


  We show how the elliptic Calogero-Moser integrable systems arise from a
symplectic quotient construction, generalising the construction for A_{N-1} by
Gorsky and Nekrasov to other algebras. This clarifies the role of (twisted)
affine Kac-Moody algebras in elliptic Calogero-Moser systems and allows for a
natural geometric construction of Lax operators for these systems. We elaborate
on the connection of the associated Hamiltonians to superpotentials for N=1*
deformations of N=4 supersymmetric gauge theory, and argue how non-perturbative
physics generates the elliptic superpotentials. We also discuss the relevance
of these systems and the associated quotient construction to open problems in
string theory. In an appendix, we use the theory of orbit algebras to show the
systematics behind the folding procedures for these integrable models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41180 </DOCNO>
Matter Effects in Upward-Going Muons and Sterile Neutrino Oscillations


  The angular distribution of upward-going muons produced by atmospheric
neutrinos in the rock below the MACRO detector show anomalies in good agreement
with two flavor neutrino-mu ==> neutrino-tau oscillations with maximum mixing
and Delta m**2 around 0.0024 eV**2. Exploiting the dependence of magnitude of
the matter effect on oscillation channel, and using a set of 809 upward-going
muons observed in MACRO, we show that the two flavor neutrino-mu ==>
neutrino-sterile oscillation is disfavored with 99% C.L. with respect to
neutrino-mu ==> neutrino-tau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149890 </DOCNO>
U(1) x U(1) Quaternionic Metrics from Harmonic Superspace


  We construct, using harmonic superspace and the quaternionic quotient
approach, a quaternionic-K\"ahler extension of the most general two centres
hyper-K\"ahler metric. It possesses $U(1)\times U(1)$ isometry, contains as
special cases the quaternionic-K\"ahler extensions of the Taub-NUT and
Eguchi-Hanson metrics and exhibits an extra one-parameter freedom which
disappears in the hyper-K\"ahler limit. Some emphasis is put on the relation
between this class of quaternionic-K\"ahler metrics and self-dual Weyl
solutions of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations. The relation between our
explicit results and the recent general ansatz of Calderbank and Pedersen for
quaternionic-K\"ahler metrics with $U(1)\times U(1)$ isometries is traced in
detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174729 </DOCNO>
Rapidity dependence of antiproton to proton ratios in Au+Au collisions


  Measurements, with the BRAHMS detector, of the antiproton to proton ratio at
central and forward rapidities are presented for Au+Au reactions at
sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV, and for three different collision centralities. For
collisions in the 0-40% centrality range we find $N(\bar{{\rm p}})/N({\rm p}) =
0.64 +- 0.04 (stat.) +- 0.06 (syst.) at y ~0, 0.66 +- 0.03 +- 0.06 at y ~ 0.7,
and 0.41 +- 0.04 +- 0.06 at y ~ 2. The ratios are found to be nearly
independent of collision centrality and transverse momentum. The measurements
demonstrate that the antiproton and proton rapidity densities vary differently
with rapidity, and indicate that a net-baryon free midrapidity plateau (Bjorken
limit) is not reached at this RHIC energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148566 </DOCNO>
Evaluation of Casimir energies through spectral functions


  This is an introductory set of lectures on elliptic differential operators
and boundary problems, and their associated spectral functions. The role of
zeta functions and traces of heat kernels in the regularization of Casimir
energies is emphasized, and the renormalization issue is discussed through
simple examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113683 </DOCNO>
Understanding multilayers from a geometrical viewpoint


  We reelaborate on the basic properties of lossless multilayers. We show that
the transfer matrices for these multilayers have essentially the same algebraic
properties as the Lorentz group SO(2,1) in a (2+1)-dimensional spacetime, as
well as the group SL(2,R) underlying the structure of the ABCD law in
geometrical optics. By resorting to the Iwasawa decomposition, we represent the
action of any multilayer as the product of three matrices of simple
interpretation. This group-theoretical structure allows us to introduce
bilinear transformations in the complex plane. The concept of multilayer
transfer function naturally emerges and its corresponding properties in the
unit disc are studied. We show that the Iwasawa decomposition reflects at this
geometrical level in three simple actions that can be considered the basic
pieces for a deeper undestanding of the multilayer behavior. We use the method
to analyze in detail a simple practical example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168801 </DOCNO>
Coherent Atom Interactions Mediated by Dark-State Polaritons


  We suggest a technique to induce effective, controllable interactions between
atoms that is based on Raman scattering into an optical mode propagating with a
slow group velocity. The resulting excitation corresponds to the creation of
spin-flipped atomic pairs in a way that is analogous to correlated photon
emission in optical parametric amplification. The technique can be used for
fast generation of entangled atomic ensembles, spin squeezing and applications
in quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127386 </DOCNO>
RX J1643.7+3402 : a new bright cataclysmic variable


  We report the discovery of a new bright (V$\sim$12.6) cataclysmic variable
star identified with the ROSAT X-ray source RX J1643.7+3402. Spectroscopic and
photometric observations show it to be a novalike variable sharing some of the
characteristics of the SW Sex sub-class of novalike CVs. The spectroscopic
period may be either 2\fh575 or 2\fh885, within the period "gap." A photometric
modulation with a probable period of 2\fh595 and an amplitude of $\sim$ 0.1 mag
in V is present on most nights and could be either a "positive" or a "negative"
superhump modulation (depending on the exact spectroscopic period), indicating
the presence of a precessing accretion disk in this system. Rapid variations of
0.1 to 0.2 mag amplitude in V repeat with a time scale of $\sim$ 15 min.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149499 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the canonical quantization of noncommutative theories


  Free noncommutative fields constitute a natural and interesting example of
constrained theories with higher derivatives. The quantization methods
involving constraints in the higher derivative formalism can be nicely applied
to these systems. We study real and complex free noncommutative scalar fields
where momenta have an infinite number of terms. We show that these expressions
can be summed in a closed way and lead to a set of Dirac brackets which matches
the usual corresponding brackets of the commutative case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128105 </DOCNO>
Image reduction pipeline for the detection of variable sources in highly


  We present a reduction pipeline for CCD (charge-coupled device) images which
was built to search for variable sources in highly crowded fields like the M31
bulge and to handle extensive databases due to large time series. We describe
all steps of the standard reduction in detail with emphasis on the realisation
of per pixel error propagation: Bias correction, treatment of bad pixels,
flatfielding, and filtering of cosmic rays. The problems of conservation of PSF
(point spread function) and error propagation in our image alignment procedure
as well as the detection algorithm for variable sources are discussed: We build
difference images via image convolution with a technique called OIS (Alard &
Lupton, 1998), proceed with an automatic detection of variable sources in noise
dominated images and finally apply a PSF-fitting, relative photometry to the
sources found. For the WeCAPP project (Riffeser et al., 2001) we achieve 3
sigma detections for variable sources with an apparent brightness of e.g. m =
24.9 mag at their minimum and a variation of dm = 2.4 mag (or m = 21.9 mag
brightness minimum and a variation of dm = 0.6 mag) on a background signal of
18.1 mag/arcsec^2 based on a 500 s exposure with 1.5 arcsec seeing at a 1.2 m
telescope. The complete per pixel error propagation allows us to give accurate
errors for each measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168379 </DOCNO>
Quantum Fluctuations of Light: A Modern Perspective on Wave/Particle


  We review studies of the fluctuations of light made accessible by the
invention of the laser and the strong interactions realized in cavity QED
experiments. Photon antibunching advocating the discrete (particles), is
contrasted with amplitude squeezing which speaks of the continuous (waves). The
tension between particles and waves is demonstrated by a recent experiment
which combines the measurement strategies used to observe these nonclassical
behaviors of light [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3149 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126590 </DOCNO>
On the Possible Sources of D/H Dispersion at High Redshift


  Recent observations suggest the existence of a white dwarf population in the
Galactic halo, while others suggest that deuterium has been astrated in systems
at high redshift and low metallicity. We propose that these observations could
be signatures of an early population of intermediate-mass stars. Such a
population requires a Population III initial mass function different from that
of the solar neighborhood, as perhaps also suggested by the observed cosmic
infrared background. Also, to avoid overproduction of C and N, it is required
that the Z=0 yields of these stars have low ($\sim 10^{-3}$ solar) abundances
as suggested by some recent calculations. Under these assumptions, we present a
model which reproduces the observed D vs Si trend, and predicts a high cosmic
Type Ia supernova rate, while producing a white dwarf population that accounts
for only $\sim$ 1.5% of the dark halo. This scenario can be tested by
observations of the cosmic supernova rate, and by confirmation and further
studies of the putative white dwarf halo population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129427 </DOCNO>
Arecibo timing observations of 17 pulsars along the Galactic plane


  We present phase-coherent timing solutions obtained for the first time for 17
pulsars discovered at Arecibo by Hulse & Taylor (1975ab) in a 430-MHz survey of
the Galactic plane. This survey remains the most sensitive of the Galactic
plane at 430 MHz and has comparable equivalent sensitivity to the 1400-MHz
Parkes multibeam survey. Comparing both surveys we find that, as expected, the
one at 430 MHz is limited in depth by interstellar dispersion and scattering
effects; and that the detection rate of pulsars with high spin-down luminosity
($\dot E>10^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$) at the low frequency is a factor of 5 smaller
than at high frequency. We also present scatter-broadening measurements for two
pulsars and pulse nulling and mode-changing properties for two others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127557 </DOCNO>
Limits on the TeV flux of diffuse gamma rays as measured with the HEGRA


  Using data from the HEGRA air shower array, taken in the period from April
1998 to March 2000, upper limits on the ratio I_gamma /I_CR of the diffuse
photon flux I_gamma to the hadronic cosmic ray flux I_CR are determined for the
energy region 20 TeV to 100 TeV. The analysis uses a gamma-hadron
discrimination which is based on differences in the development of photon- and
hadron-induced air showers after the shower maximum. A method which is
sensitive only to the non-isotropic component of the diffuse photon flux yields
an upper limit of I_gamma /I_CR (at 54 TeV) < 2.0*10^-3 (at the 90% confidence
level) for a sky region near the inner galaxy (20 degrees < galactic longitude
<60 degrees and |galactic latitude|<5 degrees). A method which is sensitive to
both the isotropic and the non-isotropic component yields global upper limits
of I_gamma /I_CR (at 31 TeV) <1.2*10^-2 and I_gamma /I_CR (at 53 TeV) <
1.4*10^-2 (at the 90% confidence level).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148105 </DOCNO>
Anomalies, RG-flows and Open/Closed String Duality


  We discuss the interplay between IR and UV divergences in vacuum
configurations with open and unoriented strings. We establish a general
one-to-one correspondence between anomalies and R-R tadpoles associated to
sectors with non-trivial Witten index. The result does not require any
supersymmetry to be preserved by the configuration. Under very mild conditions
of supersymmetry, a similar correspondence is found between NS-NS tadpoles and
RG-flows in gauge theories on D-branes and O-planes. We briefly comment on the
AdS/CFT counterpart of the results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125538 </DOCNO>
Circumnuclear stellar population, morphology and environment of Seyfert


  We investigate the relation between the characteristics of the circumnuclear
stellar population and both the galaxy morphology and the presence of close
companions for a sample of 35 Seyfert 2 nuclei. Fifteen galaxies present
unambiguous signatures of recent episodes of star formation within $\approx$300
pc from the nucleus. When we relate this property with the Hubble type of the
host galaxy, we find that the incidence of recent circumnuclear star formation
increases along the Hubble sequence, and seems to be larger than in non-Seyfert
galaxies for the early Hubble types S0 and Sa, but similar to that in
non-Seyfert galaxies for later Hubble types. Both in early-type and late-type
Seyferts, the presence of recent star-formation is related to the galaxy
morphology in the inner few kiloparsecs, as observed in HST images through the
filter F606W by Malkan et al., who has assigned a late ``inner Hubble type'' to
most Seyfert 2s with recent nuclear star-formation. This new classification is
due to the presence of dust lanes and spiral structures in the inner region.
The presence of recent star formation in Seyfert 2 nuclei is also related to
interactions: among the 13 galaxies of the sample with close companions or in
mergers, 9 have recent star formation in the nucleus. These correlations
between the presence of companions, inner morphology and the incidence of
recent star formation suggest an evolutionary scenario in which the interaction
is responsible for sending gas inwards which both feeds the AGN and triggers
star-formation. The starburst then fades with time and the composite Seyfert 2
+ Starburst nucleus evolves to a ``pure'' Seyfert 2 nucleus with an old stellar
population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86779 </DOCNO>
Classicality of primordial fluctuations and Primordial Black Holes


  The production of Primordial Black Holes (PBH) from inflationary
perturbations provides a physical process where the effective classicality of
the fluctuations does not hold for certain scales. For adiabatic perturbations
produced during inflation, this range of scales corresponds to PBH with masses
$M\ll 10^{15}$ g. For PBH with masses $M\sim M_H(t_e)$, the horizon mass at the
end of inflation, the generation process during the preheating stage could be
classical as well, in contrast to the formation of PBH on these scales by
adiabatic inflationary perturbations. For the non evaporated PBH, the
generation process is essentially classical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3395 </DOCNO>
Magnetic-field -induced structural changes in the electron doped


  We studied the correlation between magnetic, electrical, structural, and
magnetostriction properties of the electron doped manganites
Ca$_x$Sm$_{1-x}$MnO$_3$ (x = 0.85, 0.8). The paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic
transition in both the compounds while cooling is accompanied by an abrupt
increase of the spontaneous volume thermal expansion ($\Delta $V/V = 0.07 % for
x = 0.85 and 0.25 % for x = 0.2). The x = 0.15 exhibits multiple phase
separation at 5 K: G-type, and C-type antiferromagnetic phases in orthorhombic
(\QTR{it}{Pnma}) and monoclinic (\QTR{it}{P2}$_1$\QTR{it}{/m}) structures
respectively. Magnetic study on x = 0.85 also suggest ferromagnetic regions
possibly in $Pnma$ structure coexist with the antiferromagnetic phases. The
magnetization (M = 1.2 $\mu_B$) of x = 0.85 does not reach the value expected
for the complete alignment of Mn spins even at 12 T and at 12 K. Metamagnetic
transitions (C-type to Ferromagnetic) in both compounds are accompanied by
contraction of volumes under high magnetic fields. We suggest that a high
magnetic field induces \QTR{it}{P2}$_1$\QTR{it}{/m} (high volume) to
\QTR{it}{Pnma} (low volume) structural transition. This is also supported by
the neutron diffraction study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150123 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Thermal Large Gauge Transformations in 2+1 Dimensions


  We discuss several different constructions of non-Abelian large gauge
transformations at finite temperature. Pisarski's ansatz with even winding
number is related to Hopf mappings, and we present a simple new ansatz that has
any integer winding number at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96995 </DOCNO>
Abelian varieties with group action


  Let G be a finite group acting on a smooth projective curve X. This induces
an action of G on the Jacobian JX of X and thus a decomposition of JX up to
isogeny. The most prominent example of such a situation is the group G of two
elements. Let X ---> Y denote the corresponding quotient map. Then JX is
isogenous to the product of JY with the Prym variety of X/Y. In this paper some
general results on group actions on abelian varieties are given and applied to
deduce a decomposition of the jacobian JX for arbitrary group actions. Several
examples are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1859 </DOCNO>
Reconstructed Rough Growing Interfaces; Ridgeline Trapping of Domain


  We investigate whether surface reconstruction order exists in stationary
growing states, at all length scales or only below a crossover length, $l_{\rm
rec}$. The later would be similar to surface roughness in growing crystal
surfaces; below the equilibrium roughening temperature they evolve in a
layer-by-layer mode within a crossover length scale $l_{\rm R}$, but are always
rough at large length scales. We investigate this issue in the context of KPZ
type dynamics and a checker board type reconstruction, using the restricted
solid-on-solid model with negative mono-atomic step energies. This is a
topology where surface reconstruction order is compatible with surface
roughness and where a so-called reconstructed rough phase exists in
equilibrium. We find that during growth, reconstruction order is absent in the
thermodynamic limit, but exists below a crossover length $l_{\rm rec}>l_{\rm
R}$, and that this local order fluctuates critically. Domain walls become
trapped at the ridge lines of the rough surface, and thus the reconstruction
order fluctuations are slaved to the KPZ dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74840 </DOCNO>
Recent results in the BFKL theory


  The Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) approach for the cross sections at
high energy $\sqrt s$ in perturbative QCD is briefly reviewed. The role of
gluon Reggeization in the derivation of the BFKL equation and its compatibility
with $s$-channel unitarity (``bootstrap'') are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1374 </DOCNO>
Spatial and temporal spectra of noise driven stripe patterns


  Spatial and temporal noise power spectra of stripe patterns are investigated,
using as a model a Swift-Hohenberg equation with a stochastic term. In
particular, the analytical and numerical investigations show: 1) the temporal
noise spectra are of 1/f^alpha form, where alpha=1+(3-D)/4 with D the spatial
dimension of the system; 2) that the stochastic fluctuations of the stripe
position are sub-diffusive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87108 </DOCNO>
Spacetime states and covariant quantum theory


  In it's usual presentation, classical mechanics appears to give time a very
special role. But it is well known that mechanics can be formulated so as to
treat the time variable on the same footing as the other variables in the
extended configuration space. Such covariant formulations are natural for
relativistic gravitational systems, where general covariance conflicts with the
notion of a preferred physical-time variable. The standard presentation of
quantum mechanics, in turns, gives again time a very special role, raising well
known difficulties for quantum gravity. Is there a covariant form of
(canonical) quantum mechanics? We observe that the preferred role of time in
quantum theory is the consequence of an idealization: that measurements are
instantaneous. Canonical quantum theory can be given a covariant form by
dropping this idealization. States prepared by non-instantaneous measurements
are described by "spacetime smeared states". The theory can be formulated in
terms of these states, without making any reference to a special time variable.
The quantum dynamics is expressed in terms of the propagator, an object
covariantly defined on the extended configuration space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113476 </DOCNO>
Relativistically extended Blanchard recurrence relation for hydrogenic


  General recurrence relations for arbitrary non-diagonal, radial hydrogenic
matrix elements are derived in Dirac relativistic quantum mechanics. Our
approach is based on a generalization of the second hypervirial method
previously employed in the non-relativistic Schr\"odinger case. A relativistic
version of the Pasternack-Sternheimer relation is thence obtained in the
diagonal (i.e. total angular momentum and parity the same) case, from such
relation an expression for the relativistic virial theorem is deduced. To
contribute to the utility of the relations, explicit expressions for the radial
matrix elements of functions of the form $r^\lambda$ and $\beta r^\lambda$
---where $\beta$ is a Dirac matrix--- are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114532 </DOCNO>
Anomalous attenuation of extraordinary waves in ionosphere heating


  Multiple scattering from artificial random irregularities HF-induced in the
ionosphere F region causes significant attenuation of both ordinary and
extraordinary radio waves together with the conventional anomalous absorption
of ordinary waves due to their conversion into the plasma waves. To study in
detail features of this effect, purposeful measurements of the attenuation of
weak probing waves of the extraordinary polarization have been performed at the
Sura heating facility. Characteristic scale lengths of the involved
irregularities are ~0.1-1 km across the geomagnetic field lines. To determine
the spectral characteristics of these irregularities from the extraordinary
probing wave attenuation measurements, a simple procedure of the inverse
problem solving has been implemented and some conclusions about the artificial
irregularity features have been drawn. Theory and details of experiments have
been stated earlier. This paper reports results of two experimental campaigns
carried out in August 2000 and June 2001 under support of Russian Foundation
for Basic Research (grants No. 99-02-17525 and No. 01-02-31008). Particularity
of these experiments consisted in using of lower heating power (20-80 MW ERP).
Regular character of the multiple scattering effects has been confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83708 </DOCNO>
Convergence and Error Bounds for Universal Prediction of Nonbinary


  Solomonoff's uncomputable universal prediction scheme $\xi$ allows to predict
the next symbol $x_k$ of a sequence $x_1...x_{k-1}$ for any Turing computable,
but otherwise unknown, probabilistic environment $\mu$. This scheme will be
generalized to arbitrary environmental classes, which, among others, allows the
construction of computable universal prediction schemes $\xi$. Convergence of
$\xi$ to $\mu$ in a conditional mean squared sense and with $\mu$ probability 1
is proven. It is shown that the average number of prediction errors made by the
universal $\xi$ scheme rapidly converges to those made by the best possible
informed $\mu$ scheme. The schemes, theorems and proofs are given for general
finite alphabet, which results in additional complications as compared to the
binary case. Several extensions of the presented theory and results are
outlined. They include general loss functions and bounds, games of chance,
infinite alphabet, partial and delayed prediction, classification, and more
active systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4590 </DOCNO>
Order by distortion and string modes in pyrochlore antiferromagnet


  We study the effects of magnetoelastic couplings on pyrochlore
antiferromagnets. We employ Landau theory, extending an investigation begun by
Yamashita and Ueda for the case of S=1, and semiclassical analyses to argue
that such couplings generate bond order via a spin--Peierls transition. This is
followed by, or concurrent with, a transition into one of several possible
low-temperature Neel phases, with most simply collinear, but also coplanar or
mixed spin patterns. In a collinear Neel phase, a dispersionless string-like
magnon mode dominates the resulting excitation spectrum, providing a
distinctive signature of the parent geometrically frustrated state. We comment
on the experimental situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6665 </DOCNO>
Magnitude and Sign Scaling in Power-Law Correlated Time Series


  A time series can be decomposed into two sub-series: a magnitude series and a
sign series. Here we analyze separately the scaling properties of the magnitude
series and the sign series using the increment time series of cardiac interbeat
intervals as an example. We find that time series having identical
distributions and long-range correlation properties can exhibit quite different
temporal organizations of the magnitude and sign sub-series. It follows, form
the cases we study, that the long-range correlations in the magnitude series
indicate nonlinear behavior. Specifically, our results suggest that the
correlation exponent of the magnitude series is a monotonically increasing
function of the multifractal spectrum width of the original series. The sign
series, on the other hand, mainly relates to linear properties of the original
series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40940 </DOCNO>
Fragmentation of very high energy heavy ions


  A stack of CR39 (C12H18O7)n nuclear track detectors with a Cu target was
exposed to a 158 A GeV lead ion beam at the CERN-SPS, in order to study the
fragmentation properties of lead nuclei.
 Measurements of the total, break-up and pick-up charge-changing cross sections
of ultrarelativistic Pb ions on Cu and CR39 targets are presented and
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86022 </DOCNO>
Late-time dynamics of rapidly rotating black holes


  We study the late-time behaviour of a dynamically perturbed rapidly rotating
black hole. Considering an extreme Kerr black hole, we show that the large
number of virtually undamped quasinormal modes (that exist for nonzero values
of the azimuthal eigenvalue m) combine in such a way that the field (as
observed at infinity) oscillates with an amplitude that decays as 1/t at late
times. This is in clear contrast with the standard late time power-law fall-off
familiar from studies of non-rotating black holes. This long-lived oscillating
``tail'' will, however, not be present for non-extreme (presumably more
astrophysically relevant) black holes, for which we find that many quasinormal
modes (individually excited to a very small amplitude) combine to give rise to
an exponentially decaying field. This result could have implications for the
detection of gravitational-wave signals from rapidly spinning black holes,
since the required theoretical templates need to be constructed from linear
combinations of many modes. Our main results are obtained analytically, but we
support the conclusions with numerical time-evolutions of the Teukolsky
equation. These time-evolutions provide an interesting insight into the notion
that the quasinormal modes can be viewed as waves trapped in the spacetime
region outside the horizon. They also suggest that a plausible mechanism for
the behaviour we observe for extreme black holes is the presence of a
``superradiance resonance cavity'' immediately outside the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127434 </DOCNO>
Scaling and correlation analysis of galactic images


  Different scaling and autocorrelation characteristics and their application
to astronomical images are discussed: the structure function, the
autocorrelation function, Fourier spectra and wavelet spectra. We recommend as
the optimal mathematical tool the wavelet spectrum with a suitable choice of
the analysing wavelet. We introduce the wavelet cross-correlation function
which enables to study the correlation between images as a function of scale.
The wavelet cross-correlation coefficient strongly depends on the scale. The
classical cross-correlation coefficient can be misleading if a bright, extended
central region or an extended disk exists in the galactic images. An analysis
of the scaling and cross-correlation characteristics of 9 optical and radio
maps of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 6946 is presented. The wavelet spectra
allow to separate structures on different scales like spiral arms and diffuse
extended emission. Only the images of thermal radio emission and Halpha
emission give indications of 3-dimensional Kolmogorov-type turbulence on the
smallest resolved scales (160-800 pc). The cross-correlations between the
images of NGC 6946 show strong similarities between the images of total radio
emission, red light and mid-infrared dust emission on all scales. The best
correlation is found between total radio emission and dust emission. Thermal
radio continuum and Halpha emission are best correlated on a scale of about 1'
\simeq 1.6 kpc, the typical width of a spiral arm. On a similar scale, the
images of polarised radio and Halpha emission are anticorrelated, which remains
undetected with classical ross-correlation analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3347 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism in a lattice of Bose condensates


  We show that an ensemble of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a
one dimensional optical lattice can undergo a ferromagnetic phase transition
and spontaneous magnetization arises due to the magnetic dipole-dipole
interaction. This phenomenon is analogous to ferromagnetism in solid state
physics, but occurs with bosons instead of fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114203 </DOCNO>
Matter waves from quantum sources in a force field


  Localized scattering phenomena may result in the formation of stationary
matter waves originating from a compact region in physical space.
Mathematically, such waves are advantageously expressed in terms of quantum
sources that are introduced into the Schr\"odinger equation. The source
formalism yields direct access to the scattering wave function, particle
distribution, and total current. As an example, we study emission from
three-dimensional Gaussian sources into a homogeneous force field. This model
describes the behaviour of an atom laser supplied by an ideal Bose-Einstein
condensate under the influence of gravity. We predict a strong dependence of
the beam profile on the condensate size and the presence of interference
phenomena recently observed in photodetachment experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97688 </DOCNO>
Applications of the classical umbral calculus


  We describe applications of the classical umbral calculus to bilinear
generating functions for polynomial sequences, identities for Bernoulli and
related numbers, and Kummer congruences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3273 </DOCNO>
The Effects of Disorder on the $\nu=1$ Quantum Hall State


  A disorder-averaged Hartree-Fock treatment is used to compute the density of
single particle states for quantum Hall systems at filling factor $\nu=1$. It
is found that transport and spin polarization experiments can be simultaneously
explained by a model of mostly short-range effective disorder. The slope of the
transport gap (due to quasiparticles) in parallel field emerges as a result of
the interplay between disorder-induced broadening and exchange, and has
implications for skyrmion localization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73384 </DOCNO>
Centrality dependence of multiplicity, transverse energy, and elliptic


  The centrality dependence of the charged multiplicity, transverse energy, and
elliptic flow coefficient is studied in a hydrodynamic model, using a variety
of different initializations which model the initial energy or entropy
production process as a hard or soft process, respectively. While the charged
multiplicity depends strongly on the chosen initialization, the p_t-integrated
elliptic flow for charged particles as a function of charged particle
multiplicity and the p_t-differential elliptic flow for charged particles in
minimum bias events turn out to be almost independent of the initial energy
density profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169056 </DOCNO>
Separability and the stella octangula


  A geometrical picture of separability of 2 x 2 composite quantum systems,
showing the region of separable density matrices in the space of hermitian
matrices, is given. It rests on the criterion of separability given by Peres,
and it is an extension of the ``Horodecki diagram'' and the ``stella
octangula'' described by Aravind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168330 </DOCNO>
Kronecker product/Direct product/Tensor product in Quantum Information


  The properties and applications of kronecker product in quantum theory is 
studied thoroughly. The use of kronecker product in quantum information theory
to get the exact spin Hamiltonian is given. The proof of non-commutativity of
matrices, when kronecker product is used between them is given. It is shown
that the non-commutative matrices after kronecker product are similar or they
are similar matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6241 </DOCNO>
Electrical transport studies of quench condensed Bi films at the initial


  The electrical transport properties of amorphous Bi films prepared by
sequential quench deposition have been studied in situ. A
superconductor-insulator (S-I) transition was observed as the film was made
increasingly thicker, consistent with previous studies. Unexpected behavior was
found at the initial stage of film growth, a regime not explored in detail
prior to the present work. As the temperature was lowered, a positive
temperature coefficient of resistance (dR/dT > 0) emerged, with the resistance
reaching a minimum before the dR/dT became negative again. This behavior was
accompanied by a non-linear and asymmetric I-V characteristic. As the film
became thicker, conventional variable-range hopping (VRH) was recovered. We
attribute the observed crossover in the electrical transport properties to an
amorphous to granular structural transition. The positive dR/dT found in the
amorphous phase of Bi formed at the initial stage of film growth was
qualitatively explained by the formation of metallic droplets within the
electron glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76818 </DOCNO>
Spin Alignment of Heavy Meson Revisited


  Using heavy quark effective theory a factorized form for inclusive production
rate of a heavy meson can be obtained, in which the nonperturbative effect
related to the heavy meson can be characterized by matrix elements defined in
the heavy quark effective theory. Using this factorization, predictions for the
full spin density matrix of a spin-1 and spin-2 meson can be obtained and they
are characterized only by one coefficient representing the nonperturbative
effect. Predictions for spin-1 heavy meson are compared with experiment
performed at $e^+e^-$ colliders in the energy range from $\sqrt{s}=10.5$GeV to
$\sqrt{s}=91$GeV, a complete agreement is found for $D^*$- and $B^*$-meson.
There are distinct differences from the existing approach and they are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75116 </DOCNO>
Radion Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking as a Scherk-Schwarz Theory


  Recently, it has been demonstrated that radion mediated supersymmetry
breaking gives the same spectrum as Scherk-Schwarz supersymmetry breaking, and
can be interpreted as a dynamical realization of it. We make this connection
explicit by exhibiting the direct transformation from one theory to the other.
We then use the extreme UV softness of Scherk-Schwarz theories to calculate the
one-loop soft masses of matter fields. We do not find any cutoff sensitive
``Kaluza-Klein mediated'' contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129543 </DOCNO>
Fast and Accurate Fourier Series Solutions to Gravitational Lensing by A


  Fourier series solutions to the deflection and magnification by a family of
three-dimensional cusped two power-law ellipsoidal mass distributions are
presented. The cusped two power-law ellipsoidal mass distributions are
characterized by inner and outer power-law radial indices and a break (or,
transition) radius. The model family includes mass models mimicking Jaffe,
Hernquist, and $\eta$ models and dark matter halo profiles from numerical
simulations. The Fourier series solutions for the cusped two power-law mass
distributions are relatively simple, and allow a very fast calculation even for
a chosen small fractional calculational error (e.g. $10^{-5}$). These results
will be particularly useful for studying lensed systems which provide a number
of accurate lensing constraints and for systematic analyses of large numbers of
lenses. Subroutines employing these results for the two power-law model and the
results by Chae, Khersonsky, & Turnshek for the generalized single power-law
mass model are made publicly available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41227 </DOCNO>
New Directions in Data Analysis


  In the next decade, high energy physicists will use very sophisticated
equipment to record unprecedented amounts of data in the hope of making major
advances in our understanding of particle phenomena. Some of the signals of new
physics will be small, and the use of advanced analysis techniques will be
crucial for optimizing signal to noise ratio. I will discuss new directions in
data analysis and some novel methods that could prove to be particularly
valuable for finding evidence of any new physics, for improving precision
measurements and for exploring parameter spaces of theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 918 </DOCNO>
Orbital frustration at the origin of the magnetic behavior in LiNiO2


  We report on the ESR, magnetization and magnetic susceptibility measurements
performed over a large temperature range, from 1.5 to 750 K, on high-quality
stoichiometric LiNiO2. We find that this compound displays two distinct
temperature regions where its magnetic behavior is anomalous. With the help of
a statistical model based on the Kugel'-Khomskii Hamiltonian, we show that
below T_of ~ 400 K, an orbitally-frustrated state characteristic of the
triangular lattice is established. This then gives a solution to the
long-standing controversial problem of the magnetic behavior in LiNiO2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72636 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Cosmic Topological Defects


  These lectures review certain topological defects and aspects of their
cosmology. Unconventional material includes brief descriptions of electroweak
defects, the structure of domain walls in non-Abelian theories, and the
spectrum of magnetic monopoles in SU(5) Grand Unified theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73123 </DOCNO>
Scaling Behavior in the Einstein-Yang-Mills Monopoles and Dyons


  Scaling behavior in the moduli space of monopole and dyon solutions in the
Einstein-Yang-Mills theory in the asymptotically anti-de Sitter space is
derived. The mass of monopoles and dyons scales with respect to their magnetic
and electric charges, independent of the values of the cosmological constant
and gauge coupling constant. The stable monopole and dyon solutions are
approximated by solutions in the fixed anti-de Sitter spacetime. Unstable
solutions can be viewed as the Bartnik-McKinnon solutions dressed with monopole
and dyon solutions in the fixed anti-de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126254 </DOCNO>
St. Petersburg Conference on Physics of Neutron Stars, 2001


  The Programme and Abstracts booklet of the sixth Conference on "Physics of
Neutron Stars" held at the Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, St. Petersburg,
Russia, on June 6 -- 8, 2001 is presented. The abstracts contain references to
the web pages, LANL archive and published articles. More information on the
Conference can be found at http://www.ioffe.rssi.ru/astro/NS2001/index.html

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3779 </DOCNO>
Improved superconducting properties of MgB2


  We present electrical transport, magnetization, and specific heat
measurements on bulk MgB2 samples (T_{c} = 38.5 K) synthesized under 200 MPa
pressure using a process based on hot isostatic pressing with cooling under
pressure. The samples are fully dense and display excellent superconducting
properties, including a narrow superconducting transition width (\Delta T_{c} =
0.75 K), a high upper critical field H_{c2} (H_{c2}(0) ~ 155 kOe), and a
critical current density J_{c} that is the largest yet measured for bulk
samples of MgB2 (J_{c}(0) ~ 1.4 MA/cm^{2}). Specific heat measurements yielded
a jump \Delta C at T_{c} of 92 mJ/mol K. These superconducting properties are
comparable to those obtained with techniques that are not so well suited to
industrial scale fabrication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73245 </DOCNO>
Instanton interactions in dense-matter QCD


  A Coulomb gas representation of dense-matter QCD is derived from a dual
transformation of the low-energy effective Lagrangian. The point-like charges
Q=+1,-1 of the gas are identified with the instantons and anti-instantons of
such topological charges. An instanton repels another instanton with the same
force as it attracts an anti-instanton, in contrast to the semiclassical
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7309 </DOCNO>
Long-lived states in synchronized traffic flow. Empirical prompt and


  The present paper proposes a novel interpretation of the widely scattered
states (called synchronized traffic) stimulated by Kerner's hypotheses about
the existence of a multitude of metastable states in the fundamental diagram.
Using single vehicle data collected at the German highway A1, temporal velocity
patterns have been analyzed to be a collection of certain fragments with
approximately constant velocities and sharp jumps between them. The particular
velocity values in these fragments vary in a wide range. In contrast, the flow
rate is more or less constant because its fluctuations are mainly due to the
discreteness of traffic flow.
  Subsequently, we develop a model for synchronized traffic that can explain
these characteristics. Following previous work (I.A.Lubashevsky, R.Mahnke,
Phys. Rev. E v.62, p.6082, 2000) the vehicle flow is specified by car density,
mean velocity, and additional order parameters $h$ and $a$ that are due to the
many-particle effects of the vehicle interaction. The parameter $h$ describes
the multilane correlations in the vehicle motion and together with the car
density controls directly the mean velocity. The parameter $a$, in contrast,
controls the evolution of $h$ only. The model assumes that $a$ fluctuates
randomly near the value corresponding to the car configuration optimal for lane
changing. When it deviates from this value the lane change is depressed for all
cars forming a local cluster. Since exactly the overtaking manoeuvres of these
cars cause the order parameter $a$ to vary, the evolution of the car
arrangement becomes frozen for a certain time. In other words, the evolution
equations form certain dynamical traps responsible for the long-time
correlations in the synchronized mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95864 </DOCNO>
Nowhere precipitousness of the non-stationary ideal over P_kappa(lambda)


  We prove that if lambda is a strong limit singular cardinal and kappa a
regular uncountable cardinal < lambda, then NS_{kappa lambda}, the
non-stationary ideal over P_{kappa} lambda, is nowhere precipitous. We also
show that under the same hypothesis every stationary subset of P_{kappa} lambda
can be partitioned into lambda^{< kappa} disjoint stationary sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74708 </DOCNO>
Effective Higgs-quark-quark couplings from a heavy SUSY spectrum


  In this paper we study the Yukawa Higgs-quark-quark interactions that are
generated from radiative corrections of squarks and gluinos, in the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model. We compute the corrections to the effective
action for Higgs and quark fields that are produced by explicit integration, in
the path integral formalism, of all the squarks and gluinos, at the one-loop
level and order $\alpha_s$. In addition, we consider the limit of nearly
degenerate heavy squarks and gluinos, with masses much larger than the
electroweak scale, and derive the effective Lagrangian containing all the
relevant new local Higgs-quark-quark interactions. We show that these new
interactions do remain non-vanishing, even in the case of infinitely heavy
supersymmetric particles and, therefore, we demonstrate explicitly the
non-decoupling behavior of squarks and gluinos in Higgs bosons physics. We
present the set of new Yukawa couplings and finally derive the corresponding
one-loop, order $\alpha_s$, corrections to the Higgs bosons partial decay
widths into quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86843 </DOCNO>
Excess Mechanical Loss Associated with Dielectric Mirror Coatings on


  Interferometric gravitational wave detectors use mirrors whose substrates are
formed from materials of low intrinsic mechanical dissipation. The two most
likely choices for the test masses in future advanced detectors are fused
silica or sapphire. These test masses must be coated to form mirrors, highly
reflecting at 1064nm. We have measured the excess mechanical losses associated
with adding dielectric coatings to substrates of fused silica and calculate the
effect of the excess loss on the thermal noise in an advanced interferometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 973 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Blockade of Tunneling between Disordered Conductors


  We determine the zero-bias anomaly of the conductance of tunnel junctions by
an approach unifying the conventional Coulomb blockade theory for ultrasmall
junctions with the diffusive anomalies in disordered conductors. Both,
electron-electron interactions within the electrodes and electron-hole
interactions between the electrodes are taken into account nonperturbatively.
Explicit results are given for one- and two-dimensional junctions, and the
crossover to ultrasmall junctions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73692 </DOCNO>
Resonance in the seesaw mechanism


  We study the RH neutrino properties from the low energy neutrino data in the
seesaw mechanism. Reonance behavior is found for the right-handed (RH) mixing
angle as a function of light neutrino mass ratios in two favored region of the
solar neutrino problem and, at the resonance point, the two corresponding RH
Majorana neutrino masses are degenerate. This phenomenon is similar with that
in the matter-enhanced conversion of neutrinos. The physical significance it
infers for the electron neutrino mass and other neutrino parameters is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6339 </DOCNO>
A Lattice-Boltzmann method for the simulation of transport phenomena in


  We present a new simulation scheme based on the Lattice-Boltzmann method to
simulate the dynamics of charged colloids in an electrolyte. In our model we
describe the electrostatics on the level of a Poisson-Boltzmann equation and
the hydrodynamics of the fluid by the linearized Navier-Stokes equations. We
verify our simulation scheme by means of a Chapman-Enskog expansion. Our method
is applied to the calculation of the reduced sedimentation velocity U/U_0 for a
cubic array of charged spheres in an electrolyte. We show that we recover the
analytical solution first derived by Booth (F. Booth, J. Chem. Phys. 22, 1956
(1954)) for a weakly charged, isolated sphere in an unbounded electrolyte. The
present method makes it possible to go beyond the Booth theory, and we discuss
the dependence of the sedimentation velocity on the charge of the spheres.
Finally we compare our results to experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128239 </DOCNO>
History of Star Formation in the Universe


  The cosmic history of star formation is briefly reviewed, starting with the
Milky Way and then discussing observations relevant to the closed box and
hierarchical build-up models. Observations of local star formation are reviewed
for comparison. The halo globular clusters appear to have formed in about the
same way as today's clusters, with the same IMF and stellar densities, and with
a larger mass reflecting the higher pressures of their environments. The bulge
of the Milky Way appears to have evolved according to the dissipational
collapse model, but other bulges may differ.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97323 </DOCNO>
New Lower Bound Formulas for Multicolored Ramsey Numbers


  We give two lower bound formulas for multicolored Ramsey numbers. These
formulas improve the bounds for several small multicolored Ramsey numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81385 </DOCNO>
Generalized ensemble algorithm for U(1) gauge theory


  Hybrid Monte Carlo simulations of the pure compact U(1) gauge theory are
performed with the Tsallis weight. The simulations show that the use of the
Tsallis weight enhances the tunneling rate between metastable states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148824 </DOCNO>
On the equivalence between sine--Gordon model and Thirring model in the


  We investigate the equivalence between Thirring model and sine--Gordon model
in the chirally broken phase of the Thirring model. This is unlike all other
available approaches where the fermion fields of the Thirring model were
quantized in the chiral symmetric phase. In the path integral approach we show
that the bosonized version of the massless Thirring model is described by a
quantum field theory of a massless scalar field and exactly solvable, and the
massive Thirring model bosonizes to the sine--Gordon model with a new relation
between coupling constants. We show that the non--perturbative vacuum of the
chirally broken phase in the massless Thirring model can be described in
complete analogy with the BCS ground state of superconductivity. The
Mermin--Wagner theorem and Coleman's statement concerning the absence of
Goldstone bosons in the 1+1--dimensional quantum field theories are discussed.
We investigate the current algebra in the massless Thirring model and give a
new value of the Schwinger term. We show that the topological current in the
sine-Gordon model coincides with the Noether current responsible for the
conservation of the fermion number in the Thirring model. This allows to
identify the topological charge in the sine-Gordon model with the fermion
number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3837 </DOCNO>
Absence of a pseudogap in the in-plane infrared response of


  The ab-plane reflectance of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+d) thin films was measured in the
30-25000 cm^(-1) range for one underdoped (Tc = 70 K), and one overdoped sample
(Tc = 63 K) as a function of temperature (10-300 K). We find qualitatively
similar behaviors in the temperature dependence of the normal-state infrared
response of both samples. Above Tc, the effective spectral weight, obtained
from the integrated conductivity, does not decrease when T decreases, so that
no opening of an optical pseudogap is seen. We suggest that these are
consequences of the pseudogap opening first in the k=(0, pi) direction,
according to ARPES, and of the in-plane infrared conductivity being mostly
sensitive to the k=(pi, pi) direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97566 </DOCNO>
Constant Scalar Curvature Metrics on Connected Sums


  Let (M,g) be a compact Riemannian manifold with dimension n > 2. The Yamabe
problem is to find a metric with constant scalar curvature in the conformal
class of g, by minimizing the total scalar curvature. The proof was completed
in 1984.
  Suppose (M',g') and (M'',g'') are compact Riemannian n-manifolds with
constant scalar curvature. We form the connected sum M' # M'' of M' and M'' by
removing small balls from M' and M'' and joining the S^{n-1} boundaries
together. In this paper we use analysis to construct metrics with constant
scalar curvature on M' # M''. Our description is quite explicit, in contrast to
the general Yamabe case when one knows little about what the metric looks like.
  There are 9 cases, depending on the signs of the scalar curvature on M' and
M'' (positive, negative, or zero). We show that the constant scalar curvature
metrics either develop small "necks" separating M' and M'', or one of M', M''
is crushed small by the conformal factor. When both have positive scalar
curvature, we construct three different metrics with scalar curvature 1 in the
same conformal class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127563 </DOCNO>
Principal Component Analysis of the Cosmic Microwave Background


  A principal component analysis of cosmic microwave background (CMB)
anisotropy measurements is used to investigate degeneracies among cosmological
parameters. The results show that a degeneracy with tensor modes -- the `tensor
degeneracy' -- dominates uncertainties in estimates of the baryon and cold dark
matter densities, omega_b = Omega_b h2, omega_c = \Omega_c h^2, from an
analysis of CMB anisotropies alone. The principal component analysis agrees
well with a maximum likelihood analysis of the observations, identifying the
main degeneracy directions and providing an impression of the effective
dimensionality of the parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126416 </DOCNO>
A measurement of the broad-band spectrum of XTE J1118+480 with BeppoSAX


  We report on results of a target of opportunity observation of the X-ray
transient XTE J1118+480 performed on 2000 April 14-15 with the Narrow Field
Instruments (0.1-200 keV) of the SAX satellite. The measured spectrum is a
power law with a photon index of ~1.7 modified by an ultrasoft X-ray excess and
a high-energy cutoff above ~100 keV. The soft excess is consistent with a
blackbody with temperature of ~40 eV and a low flux, while the cut-off power
law is well fitted by thermal Comptonization in a plasma with an electron
temperature of 100 keV and an optical depth of order of unity. Consistent with
the weakness of the blackbody, Compton reflection is weak. Though the data are
consistent with various geometries of the hot and cold phases of the accreting
gas, we conclude that a hot accretion disk is the most plausible model. The
Eddington ratio implied by recent estimates of the mass and the distance is
about 10^{-3}, which may indicate that advection is probably not the dominant
cooling mechanism. We finally suggest that the reflecting medium has a low
metallicity, consistent with location of the system in the halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126870 </DOCNO>
Sub-mm gravity: confronting the modified dynamics with


  We propose that future experiments aiming at the detection of deviations from
the inverse square gravitational law on submillimetric scales can be used to
test the modified Newtonian dynamics theory (MOND). Current experiments are
able to test the gravitational field of masses of approximately 1g at distances
around 200 micrometers, implying that they are probing accelerations well above
the MOND limit (1.2 X 10^{-8} cms^{-2}). We show that MONDian effects begin to
be important at the submillimetric level for masses below 1 mg. MOND makes
predictions that are clearly distinguishable from those expected in a scenario
with compact extra dimensions. This will enable direct confrontation between
the two theories if future experiments can improve their mass scales to the
milligram level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98638 </DOCNO>
Polynomial maps of complex plane with branched valued set isomorphic to


  We present a list of all polynomial dominanting maps of the complex plane
with branched value curve isomorphic to the complex line, up to polynomial
automorphisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128702 </DOCNO>
An Eulerian Perturbation Approach to Large Scale Structures: Extending


  A description of the dynamics of a collisionless, self-gravitating fluid is
developed and applied to follow the development of Large Scale Structures in
the Universe. Such description takes on one of the assumptions of the Adhesion
Approximation (AA) model, i.e., the introduction of an artificial viscosity
$\nu$ in the Euler equation, but extends it to deeper non-linear stages, where
the extrapolation of the linear relation $\psi=-\phi$ between the velocity and
the gravitational potentials -- at the basis of both the Zel'dovich and the
Adhesion models -- is no longer valid. This is achieved by expanding the
relation bewteen the gravitational potential $\phi$ and the velocity potential
$\psi$, in powers of the small viscosity $\nu$. When the results are compared
to the outcomes of an N-body simulation, the proposed extension of the Adhesion
approach provides a better description of small-scale, deeply non-linear
regions, as it is quantitatively shown by the computation of some statistical
indicators. At larger scales, the satisfactory description of the large scale
texture and of the voids given by the canonical Adhesion Approximation is
preserved in the extended model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41290 </DOCNO>
Isospin violation in pion-kaon scattering


  We consider strong and electromagnetic isospin violation in near-threshold
pion-kaon scattering. At tree level, such effects are small for all physical
channels. We work out the complete one-loop corrections to the process pi^- K^+
-> pi^0 K^0. They come out rather small. We also show that the corresponding
radiative cross section is highly suppressed at threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7383 </DOCNO>
On the Ginzburg-Landau Analysis of the Upper Critical Field Hc2 in MgB2


  Temperature dependence of the upper critical field Hc2 (T) for the
superconducting magnesium diboride, MgB2, is studied in the vicinity of Tc by
using a two-band Ginzburg-Landau (G-L) theory. The temperature dependence of
Hc2 (T) near Tc exhibits a positive curvature. In addition, the calculated
temperature dependence and its higher order derivatives are also shown to be in
a good agreement with the experimental data. In analogy with the multi-band
character of Eliashberg microscopic theory, the positive curvature of Hc2 (T)
is described reasonably by solving the two-band of G-L theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76815 </DOCNO>
The Top Quark at Linear Colliders: QCD Corrections


  We present a computation of QCD next-to-leading order corrections to the top
production and decay process at linear colliders. The top quarks are allowed to
be off-shell and the production and decay subprocesses are treated together,
thus allowing for interference effects. Real gluon radiation effects as well as
virtual corrections are evaluated. The framework employed for this computation
is the double pole approximation (DPA).The results discussed include studies of
the gluon radiation properties, interference between production- and decay-
stage radiation, and top mass reconstruction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123372 </DOCNO>
Ultra Efficient Internal Shocks


  Gamma-ray bursts are believed to originate from internal shocks which arise
in an irregular relativistic wind. The process has been thought to be
inefficient, converting only a few percent of the kinetic energy into
gamma-rays. We define ultra efficient internal shocks as those in which the
fraction of emitted energy is larger than the fraction of energy given to the
radiating electrons at each collision.
  We show that such a scenario is possible and even plausible. In our model,
colliding shells which do not emit all their internal energy are reflected from
each other and it causes subsequent collisions, allowing more energy to be
emitted. As an example, we obtain about 60% overall efficiency even if the
fraction of energy that goes to electrons is $\epsilon_e=0.1$ provided that the
shells' Lorentz factor varies between 10 and $10^4$.
  The numerical temporal profile reflects well the activity of the source which
ejects the shells, though numerous collisions take place in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41673 </DOCNO>
Charm-Anticharm Asymmetries in Photoproduction from Heavy-Quark


  The asymmetries between charm and anticharm mesons observed in fixed-target
photoproduction experiments are an order of magnitude larger than the
asymmetries predicted by conventional perturbative QCD. We show that these
charm meson asymmetries can be explained by a heavy-quark recombination
mechanism for heavy meson production. In this process, a charm quark combines
with a light antiquark from the hard-scattering process and they subsequently
hadronize into a state including the charm meson. This recombination mechanism
can be calculated within perturbative QCD up to some nonperturbative constants.
After using symmetries of QCD to reduce the number of free parameters to two,
we obtain a good fit to all the data on the asymmetries for charmed mesons from
the E687 and E691 experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114362 </DOCNO>
An XML Driven Graphical User Interface and Application Management


  In the past, the features of a user interface were limited by those available
in the existing graphical widgets it used. Now, improvements in processor speed
have fostered the emergence of interpreted languages, in which the appropriate
method to render a given data object can be loaded at runtime. XML can be used
to precisely describe the association of data types with their graphical
handling (beans), and Java provides an especially rich environment for
programming the graphics. We present a graphical user interface builder based
on Java Beans and XML, in which the graphical screens are described textually
(in files or a database) in terms of their screen components. Each component
may be a simple text read back, or a complex plot. The programming model
provides for dynamic data pertaining to a component to be forwarded
synchronously or asynchronously, to the appropriate handler, which may be a
built-in method, or a complex applet. This work was initially motivated by the
need to move the legacy VMS display interface of the SLAC Control Program to
another platform while preserving all of its existing functionality. However
the model allows us a powerful and generic system for adding new kinds of
graphics, such as Matlab, data sources, such as EPICS, middleware, such as
AIDA[1], and transport, such as XML and SOAP. The system will also include a
management console, which will be able to report on the present usage of the
system, for instance who is running it where and connected to which channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5059 </DOCNO>
One-dimensional compression of Bose-Einstein condensates by


  We consider a trapped cigar-shaped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate irradiated
by a single far-off resonance laser polarized along the cigar axis. The
resulting laser induced dipole-dipole interactions between the atoms
significantly change size of the condensate, and can even cause its
self-trapping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179646 </DOCNO>
Polarization phenomena for meson production in nucleon-nucleon


  We analyze polarization phenomena for pseudoscalar and vector mesons
production in nucleon-nucleon collisions. We identify three energy regions
corresponding to different physics and different approaches in the analysis of
polarization effects. In the threshold region, characterized by the S-wave
production for all final particles, the general symmetry properties of strong
interaction can be applied. The region of intermediate energies, T=2-4 GeV, is
characterized by the essential role of central i.e. non-peripheral collisions,
where only a small number of s-channel states with definite quantum numbers,
${\cal J}^P=1^-$ and $2^+$, contribute. At higher energies, T $\ge $10 GeV, the
leading mechanism is the diffractive dissociation and it is especially
interesting for baryon spectroscopy. The transition to this region is an open
field for experimental research at the Nuclotron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74154 </DOCNO>
Acceleration of the Universe, String Theory and a Varying Speed of Light


  The existence of future horizons in spacetime geometries poses serious
problems for string theory and quantum field theories. The observation that the
expansion of the universe is accelerating has recently been shown to lead to a
crisis for the mathematical formalism of string and M-theories, since the
existence of a future horizon for an eternally accelerating universe does not
allow the formulation of physical S-matrix observables. Postulating that the
speed of light varies in an expanding universe in the future as well as in the
past can eliminate future horizons, allowing for a consistent definition of
S-matrix observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98239 </DOCNO>
The manifold of finite rank projections in the algebra L(H) of bounded


  Given a complex Hilbert space H, we study the differential geometry of the
manifold M of all projections in V:=L(H). Using the algebraic structure of V, a
torsionfree affine connection $\nabla$ (that is invariant under the group of
automorphisms of V) is defined on every connected component of M, which in this
way becomes a symmetric holomorphic manifold that consists of projections of
the same rank r, (0< r < \infty). We prove that M admits a Riemann structure if
and only if M consists of projections that have the same finite rank r or the
same finite corank, and in that case $\nabla$ is the Levi-Civita and the
K\"ahler connection of M. Moreover, M turns out to be a totally geodesic
Riemann manifold whose geodesics and Riemann distance are computed.
  Keywords: JBW-algebras, Grassmann manifolds, Riemann manifolds.
  AMS 2000 Subject Classification: 48G20, 72H51.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4844 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulation of Sinusoidally Modulated Superlattice Growth


  The fabrication of ZnSe/ZnTe superlattices grown by the process of rotating
the substrate in the presence of an inhomogeneous flux distribution instead of
successively closing and opening of source shutters is studied via Monte Carlo
simulations. It is found that the concentration of each compound is
sinusoidally modulated along the growth direction, caused by the uneven arrival
of Se and Te atoms at a given point of the sample, and by the variation of the
Te/Se ratio at that point due to the rotation of the substrate. In this way we
obtain a ZnSe$_{1-x}$Te$_x$ alloy in which the composition $x$ varies
sinusoidally along the growth direction. The period of the modulation is
directly controlled by the rate of the substrate rotation. The amplitude of the
compositional modulation is monotonous for small angular velocities of the
substrate rotation, but is itself modulated for large angular velocities. The
average amplitude of the modulation pattern decreases as the angular velocity
of substrate rotation increases and the measurement position approaches the
center of rotation. The simulation results are in good agreement with
previously published experimental measurements on superlattices fabricated in
this manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7516 </DOCNO>
A pseudo-spectral method for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation


  We discuss a numerical scheme to solve the continuum Kardar-Parisi-Zhang
equation in generic spatial dimensions. It is based on a momentum-space
discretization of the continuum equation and on a pseudo-spectral approximation
of the non-linear term. The method is tested in (1+1)- and (2+1)- dimensions,
where it is shown to reproduce the current most reliable estimates of the
critical exponents based on Restricted Solid-on-Solid simulations. In
particular it allows the computations of various correlation and structure
functions with high degree of numerical accuracy. Some deficiencies which are
common to all previously used finite-difference schemes are pointed out and the
usefulness of the present approach in this respect is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179577 </DOCNO>
Nonlocality of the NN interaction in an effective field theory


  We investigate low energy nucleon dynamics in the effective field theory
(EFT) of nuclear forces. In leading order of the two-nucleon EFT we show that
nucleon dynamics is governed by the generalized dynamical equation with a
nonlocal-in-time interaction operator. This equation is shown to open new
possibilities for applying the EFT approach to the description of low energy
nucleon dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41624 </DOCNO>
Relative phase between the three-gluon and one-photon amplitudes of the


  It is shown that the study of the \omega-\rho interference pattern in the
J/psi -> (rho+omega)eta -> pi+pi-eta decay provides evidence for the large
(nearly 90 degrees) relative phase between the isovector one-photon and
three-gluon decay amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148934 </DOCNO>
AdS/SCFT in Superspace


  A discussion of the AdS/CFT correspondence in IIB is given in a superspace
context. The main emphasis is on the properties of SCFT correlators on the
boundary which are studied using harmonic superspace techniques. These
techniques provide the easiest way of implementing the superconformal Ward
identities. The Ward identities, together with analyticity, can be used to give
a compelling argument in support of the non-renormalisation theorems for two-
and three-point functions, and to establish the triviality of extremal and
next-to-extremal correlation functions. The OPE in is also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2337 </DOCNO>
Structure and magnetic order in Fe2+xV1-xAl


  We present a detailed structural investigation via neutron diffraction of
differently heat treated samples Fe2VAl and Fe2+xV1-xAl. Moreover, the magnetic
behaviour of these materials is studied by means of mSR and
Mossbauer-experiments. Our structural investigation indicates that quenched
Fe2VAl, exhibiting the previously reported "Kondo insulating like" behaviour,
is off-stoichiometric (6%) in its Al content. Slowly cooled Fe2VAl is
structurally better ordered and stoichiometric, and the microscopic magnetic
probes establish long range ferromagnetic order below TC = 13K, consistent with
results from bulk experiments. The magnetic state can be modelled as being
generated by diluted magnetic ions in a non-magnetic matrix. Quantitatively,
the required number of magnetic ions is too large as to be explained by a model
of Fe/V site exchange. We discuss the implications of our findings for the
ground state properties of Fe2VAl, in particular with respect to the role of
crystallographic disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129402 </DOCNO>
Exchange Processes in a Multi-Phase ISM


  We present a new particle based code with a multi-phase description of the
ISM implemented in order to follow the chemo-dynamical evolution of galaxies.
The multi-phase ISM consists of clouds (sticky particles) and diffuse gas
(SPH): Exchange of matter, energy and momentum is achieved by drag (due to ram
pressure) and condensation or evaporation. Based on time scales we show that in
Milky-Way-like galaxies the drag force is for molecular clouds only important,
if their relative velocities exceed 100 km/s. For the mass exchange we find
that clouds evaporate only if the temperature of the ambient gas is higher than
one million Kelvin. At lower temperatures condensation takes place at time
scales of the order of 1-10 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150165 </DOCNO>
On the Wilson loop in the dual representation within the dual Higgs


  The vacuum expectation value of the Wilson loop in the dual representation is
calculated in the dual Higgs model with dual Dirac strings. It is shown that
the averaged value of the Wilson loop in the dual representation obeys the
area-law falloff. Quantum fluctuations of the dual-vector and the Higgs field
around Abrikosov flux lines induced by dual Dirac strings in a dual
superconducting vacuum and string shape fluctuations are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127370 </DOCNO>
Discovery of an extremely red galaxy at z=0.65 with dusty star-formation


  In the course of the follow-up multiwavelength study of a deep radio survey
we have discovered that the milli-Jansky radio source PDFJ011423 is a
low-redshift (z = 0.65) extremely red galaxy (ERG) with K=15.3, R-K = 5.8 and
J-K = 3.1. Optical, infrared and radio photometry, together with optical and
near-infrared spectroscopy, reveal a heavily obscured galaxy (A_V=5-6, from the
observed Balmer decrement) undergoing vigorous star formation and presenting an
active galactic nucleus (AGN). PDFJ011423 is a representative member of the
dusty ERG population, providing a local counterpart for studying more distant
ERGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41370 </DOCNO>
Search for the decay B^0 --> gamma-gamma


  We present a limit on the branching fraction for the decay $B^0 \to \gamma
\gamma$ using data collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the BABAR
detector at the PEP-II asymmetric--energy $e^+e^-$ collider. Based on the
observation of one event in the signal region, out of a sample of $21.3 \times
10^6$ $e^+e^- \to \Upsilon(4S) \to B\overline B$ decays, we establish an upper
limit on the branching fraction of ${\cal B}(B^0 \to \gamma \gamma) < 1.7
\times 10^{-6}$ at the 90% confidence level. This result substantially improves
upon existing limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76918 </DOCNO>
Classical stability of U(1)_A domain walls in dense matter QCD


  It was recently shown that there exists metastable U(1)_A domain wall
configurations in high-density QCD (\mu >> 1 GeV). In the following we will
assess the stability of such non-trivial field configurations at intermediate
densities (\mu < 1 GeV). The existence of such configurations at intermediate
densities could have interesting consequences for the physics of neutron stars
with high core density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4496 </DOCNO>
The Second Law of Steady State Thermodynamics for Nonequilibrium Quantum


  The second law of ordinary thermodynamics and the second law of steady state
thermodynamics, as proposed by Oono and Paniconi, are investigated from the
microscopic point of view for the open quantum system. Based on the H-theorem
of Lindblad, we show that both second laws are consistent with the quantum
dynamics generated by the completely positive map. In addition, microscopic
expressions of entropy production and ``housekeeping heat'' are obtained for
some classes of dynamical quantum systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149730 </DOCNO>
All minimal supergravity extensions of 2d dilaton theories


  The formulation of 2d-dilaton theories, like spherically reduced Einstein
gravity, is greatly facilitated in a formulation as a first order theory with
nonvanishing bosonic torsion. This is especially also true at the quantum
level. The interpretation of superextensions as graded Poisson sigma models is
found to cover generically all possible 2d supergravities. Superfields and thus
superfluous auxiliary fields are avoided altogether. The procedure shows that
generalizations of bosonic 2d models are highly ambiguous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87177 </DOCNO>
Satellite Laser Ranging and General Relativity


  In this work some aspects of the detection of certain general relativistic
effects in the weak gravitational field of the Earth via laser-ranged data to
some existing or proposed geodetic satellites are examined. The focus is on the
Lense-Thirring drag of the orbit of a test body, the gravitomagnetic clock
effect and the gravitoelectric perigee shift. The impact of some sources of
systematic errors is investigated. An experiment whose goal is the measurement
of the PPN parameters beta and gamma in the terrestrial field with LAGEOS
satellites at a level of 10^(-3)is presented. A modified version of the
proposed LARES mission is examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4591 </DOCNO>
d_{x^2-y^2}- vs. d_{xy}- like pairings in organic superconductors


  Pairing symmetry in $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$X is re-examined by applying
fluctuation exchange method to the Hubbard model on the original four band
lattice for the first time. Our study is motivated by the discrepancy between a
recent thermal conductivity/tunneling spectroscopy experiments and the previous
theories based on the effective single or two band model. In contrast to the
previous theories, we find that $d_{x^2-y^2}$-like pairing dominates over
$d_{xy}$ in agreement with recent experiments. Our study provides a general
lesson that even if the Fermi surface seems to be reproduced by an effective
model, the pairing symmetry can be different from that of the original system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127672 </DOCNO>
A Study of the Coronal Plasma in RS CVn binary systems: HR 1099 and co


  XMM-Newton has been performing comprehensive studies of X-ray luminous RS CVn
binary systems in its calibration and guaranteed time programs. We present
results from ongoing investigations in the context of a systematic study of
coronal emission from RS CVns. We concentrate here on coronal abundances and
investigate the abundance pattern in RS CVn binaries as a function of activity
and average temperature. We find a transition from an Inverse First Ionization
Potential (FIP) effect towards an absence of a clear trend (no FIP) in
intermediately active RS CVn systems. This scheme fits well into the long-term
evolution from an IFIP to a FIP effect found in solar analogs. We further study
variations in the elemental abundances during a large flare.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74480 </DOCNO>
A Comprehensive Approach to Structure Functions


  We present a model based on a dipole picture with a hard and a soft pomeron
in which large dipoles couple to the soft pomeron and small dipoles couple to
the hard pomeron. The parameters in the model are fixed by proton-proton
scattering and the proton structure function. The model is then applied
successfully to the proton charm structure function, the proton longitudinal
structure function, J/psi photoproduction, deep virtual Compton scattering, the
real photon-proton total cross section, the real photon-photon cross section,
and the photon structure function. Differences between our predictions and data
on charm production in real photon-photon interactions and the virtual
gamma-gamma cross section are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179151 </DOCNO>
Systematic calculation of s-wave pion and kaon self-energies in


  We calculate the pion self-energies in asymmetric nuclear matter in the
two-loop approximation of chiral perturbation theory. We find three types of
corrections beyond the well-known linear density approximation. The resulting
s-wave potential (or equivalent mass-shift) of a $\pi^-$ in the center of a
heavy nucleus like Pb turns out to be $U_{\pi^-}=\Delta m_{\pi^-} \simeq 14$
MeV, about half of what is needed to form the deeply bound and narrow pionic
atom-states recently observed at GSI. The potential for a $\pi^+$ under the
same conditions is $U_{\pi^+}=\Delta m_{\pi^+} \simeq -1$ MeV. In the same way
we calculate the mass-shifts of $K^+$-mesons in symmetric nuclear matter and
neutron matter and find an increase of the $K^+$-mass by 9% and 5%,
respectively. As a further application we give an analytical result for the
third order term in the scattering length expansion of the in-medium
self-energy of an interacting light-boson/heavy-fermion system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6462 </DOCNO>
Cross-over between first-order and critical wetting at the liquid-vapour


  A mean-field theory is presented which describes the basic observations of
recent experiments revealing rich wetting behaviour of n-alkane/methanol
mixtures at the liquid-vapour interface. The theory is based on a microscopic
lattice-gas model from which a Cahn-Landau approach is derived. Besides the
physics associated with the short-range components of the intermolecular
interactions, the effects of the long-range tails of the net van der Waals
forces between interfaces are also taken into account. Including weak
long-range forces which favour wetting in the theory does not visibly alter the
critical wetting transition for the nonane/methanol mixture, in contrast with
the generic expectation of first-order wetting for such systems, but in good
agreement with experiment. For decane/methanol weak long-range forces bring the
transition very close to the prewetting critical point, leading to an
adsorption behaviour closely reminiscent of short-range tricritical wetting,
observed experimentally for alkane chain length between 9.6 and 10. Finally,
for undecane/methanol the transition is clearly of first order. First-order
wetting is also seen in the experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174698 </DOCNO>
Relativistic effects and two-body currents in


  Measurements of the ${^2}H(\vec{e},e^{\prime}p)n$ reaction were performed
using an 800-MeV polarized electron beam at the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator
and with the out-of-plane magnetic spectrometers (OOPS). The
longitudinal-transverse, $f_{LT}$ and $f_{LT}^{\prime}$, and the
transverse-transverse, $f_{TT}$, interference responses at a missing momentum
of 210 MeV/c were simultaneously extracted in the dip region at Q$^2$=0.15
(GeV/c)$^2$. On comparison to models of deuteron electrodisintegration, the
data clearly reveal strong effects of relativity and final-state interactions,
and the importance of the two-body meson-exchange currents and isobar
configurations. We demonstrate that these effects can be disentangled and
studied by extracting the interference response functions using the novel
out-of-plane technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77056 </DOCNO>
The (muon^-,muon^+) conversion in nuclei as a probe of new physics


  A detailed study of the muonic analogue of neutrinoless double beta decay,
(muon^-,muon^+) conversion, has been carried out for the A=44 nuclear system.
We studied several lepton number violating (LNV) mechanisms potentially
triggering this process: exchange by light and heavy Majorana neutrinos as well
as exchange by supersymmetric particles participating in R-parity violating
interactions. The nuclear structure has been taken into account within the
renormalized Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation method. To our knowledge,
this is the first realistic treatment of nuclear structure aspects of the
(muon^-,muon^+) conversion. We estimated the rate of this process utilizing the
existing experimental constraints on the parameters of the underlying LNV
interactions and conclude that the (muon^-,muon^+) conversion is hardly
detectable in the near future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 235 </DOCNO>
Gaussian density fluctuations and Mode Coupling Theory for supercooled


  The equations of motion for the density modes of a fluid, derived from
Newton's equations, are written as a linear generalized Langevin equation. The
constraint imposed by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is used to derive an
exact form for the memory function. The resulting equations, solved under the
assumption that the noise, and consequently density fluctuations, of the liquid
are gaussian distributed, are equivalent to the random-phase-approximation for
the static structure factor and to the well known ideal mode coupling theory
(MCT) equations for the dynamics. This finding suggests that MCT is the
canonical mean-field theory of the fluid dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125452 </DOCNO>
The erratic luminosity behavior of SAX J1808.4-3658 during its 2000


  We report on the highly variable and erratic long-term X-ray luminosity
behavior of the only known accretion-driven millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX
J1808.4-3658 during its 2000 outburst, as observed with RXTE. The maximum
observed luminosity is ~2.5 x 10^35 erg s^-1 (3-25 keV; for a distance of 2.5
kpc), which is a factor of ~10 lower than that observed during the 1996 and
1998 outbursts. Due to solar constraints, the source could not be observed for
several months with RXTE before 21 Jan. 2000. Therefore, the exact moment of
the outburst onset is unknown and the peak luminosity could have been
significantly higher. On some occasions SAX J1808.4-3658 was observed with
luminosities of ~10^35 erg s^-1, but on other occasions it could not be
detected with RXTE resulting in upper limits of a few times 10^33 erg s^-1
(3-25 keV). The non-detections of the source during its 2000 outburst obtained
with BeppoSAX demonstrate that its luminosity was at times <10^32 erg s^-1
(0.5-10 keV). However, only a few days after these BeppoSAX observations, we
detected the source again with RXTE at high luminosities, giving a factor of
>1000 of luminosity swings in this system on time scales of days. The last
detection of SAX J1808.4-3658 with RXTE was on 2000 May 13, almost 4 months
after the first detection. Due to the lack of sensitivity and observations
during the 1996 and 1998 outbursts, it cannot be excluded that after those
outbursts the source remained active for months and that the source behavior
during the 2000 outburst is not unique. Long duration activity at low
luminosities has been observed in other transients (both neutron stars and
black holes), although not with such extreme variability which might point to a
different origin for this behavior for the pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1864 </DOCNO>
Critical state analysis in MgB2 bulk by means of quantitative MO


  An extended magneto-optical (MO) analysis of samples cut from high-density
pellets of MgB2 is reported. For sake of comparison some magnetic measurements
and critical values are also shown. Notwithstanding the fact that the optical
and SEM images exhibit grains with different shape and size, all the samples
investigated by MO analysis (three specimens of different shape and size) enter
as a whole into a critical state. The current at different temperatures and
fields, in a phase zone accessible to MO are calculated by means of a
quantitative analysis. The analysis, based on the inversion of the Biot-Savart
law, corresponds to three regimes: under-critical, critical and over-critical,
respectively. A possible qualitative interpretation of the absence of magnetic
granularity is given in the framework of a critical state likely reached by a
network of strongly coupled Josephson Junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123982 </DOCNO>
Propagation of gamma-rays in massive binary Cen X-3: Interaction of


  We consider the propagation of very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays in the
radiation field of the massive star of binary system Cen X-3. VHE gamma-rays or
electrons, injected by the compact object close to the surface of a massive
companion, develop inverse Compton pair (ICS) cascades. Based on the Monte
Carlo simulations, we obtain the fraction of secondary cascade photons which
collide with the surface of the massive companion in Cen X-3 system. The
distribution of photons falling on the surface of the massive star is
investigated. These photons interact with the atmosphere of the star and should
excite different gamma-ray lines (nuclear, electron-positron annihilation
line). We estimate that these gamma-ray lines can be likely detected by the
INTEGRAL telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123761 </DOCNO>
Short-Term Dynamical Interactions Among Extrasolar Planets


  We show that short-term perturbations among massive planets in multiple
planet systems can result in radial velocity variations of the central star
which differ substantially from velocity variations derived assuming the
planets are executing independent Keplerian motions. We discuss two alternate
fitting methods which can lead to an improved dynamical description of multiple
planet systems. In the first method, the osculating orbital elements are
determined via a Levenberg-Marquardt minimization scheme driving an N-body
integrator. The second method is an improved analytic model in which orbital
elements are allowed to vary according to a simple model for resonant
interactions between the planets. Both of these methods can determine the true
masses for the planets by eliminating the sin(i) degeneracy inherent in fits
that assume independent Keplerian motions. We apply our fitting methods to the
GJ876 radial velocity data (Marcy et al. 2001), and argue that the mass factors
for the two planets are likely in the 1.25-2.0 range

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97213 </DOCNO>
Groups of hierarchomorphisms of trees and related Hilbert spaces


  Consider an infinite tree. A hierarchomorphism (spheromorphism) is a
homeomorphism of the absolute which can be extended to the tree except a finite
subtree. Examples of groups of hierarchomorphisms: groups of locally analitic
diffeomorphisms of $p$-adic line; also Richard Thompson groups. The groups of
hierarchomorphisms have some properties similar to the group of diffeomorphisms
of the circle. We discuss actions of groups of ierarchomorphisms in some
natural Hilbert spaces associated with trees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72501 </DOCNO>
The Kalman-Tran-D'Souza Model and the Semileptonic Decay Rates of Heavy


  We present an investigation of the inclusive semileptonic decay widths of the
heavy baryons Lambda_Q and Xi_Q, (Q=b,c) performed within a relativistic
constituent quark model, formulated on the light-front. In a way conceptually
similar to the deep-inelastic scattering case, the H_Q baryon inclusive width
is expressed as the integral of the free Q-quark partial width multiplied by a
bound-state factor related to the Q-quark distribution function in the H_Q. The
non-perturbative meson structure is described through the quark-model wave
functions, constructed via the Hamiltonian light-front formalism using as input
the Kalman-Tran-D'Souza equal time wave functions. A link between spectroscopic
quark models and the H_Q decay physics is obtained in this way. It is shown
that the bound-state effects and the Fermi motion of the b-quark remarkably
reduce the decay rate with respect to the free-quark result. Our predictions
for the BR(Lambda_c ->X_s e nu_e) and BR(Lambda_b->X_c e nu_e) decays are in
good agreement with existing data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127499 </DOCNO>
Kinemetry: quantifying kinematic maps


  We describe a new technique, kinemetry, to quantify kinematic maps of
early-type galaxies in an efficient way. We present the first applications to
velocity fields obtained with the integral-field spectrograph SAURON.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127780 </DOCNO>
Galaxy and star formation up to z ~ 1


  Star formation history shows a gradual decline since the last 8-9 Gyr (z=1).
The bulk of present-day stellar mass and metal content was formed at redshifts
lower than 2-3, which is consistent with a hierarchical scenario of galaxy
formation. Observations of galaxy evolution during the last 2/3 of the Universe
age could be done in great details, and provide numerous insights on the origin
of the Hubble diagram. To some extent, the evolution and formation of
present-day elliptical and spiral galaxies could be related to the most rapidly
evolving galaxy populations at z ~ 1, namely the luminous IR galaxies and the
luminous compact galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86237 </DOCNO>
Selfdual Einstein metrics with torus symmetry


  It is well known that any 4-dimensional hyperkahler metric with two commuting
Killing fields may be obtained explicitly, via the Gibbons-Hawking Ansatz, from
a harmonic function invariant under a Killing field on R^3. In this paper, we
find all selfdual Einstein metrics of nonzero scalar curvature with two
commuting Killing fields. They are given explicitly in terms of a local
eigenfunction of the Laplacian on the hyperbolic plane. We discuss the relation
of this construction to a class of selfdual spaces found by Joyce, and some
Einstein-Weyl spaces found by Ward, and then show that certain `multipole'
hyperbolic eigenfunctions yield explicit formulae for the quaternion-kahler
quotients of HP(m-1) by an (m-2)-torus first studied by Galicki and Lawson. As
a consequence we are able to place the well-known cohomogeneity one metrics,
the quaternion-kahler quotients of HP(2) (and noncompact analogues), and the
more recently studied selfdual Einstein hermitian metrics in a unified
framework, and give new complete examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73086 </DOCNO>
How a quark-gluon plasma phase modifies the bounds on extra dimensions


  The shape of the neutrino pulse from the supernova SN1987a provides one of
the most stringent constraints on the size of large, compact, "gravity-only"
extra dimensions. Previously, calculations have been carried out for a
newly-born proto-neutron star with a temperature of about 50 MeV at nuclear
matter density. It is arguable that, due to the extreme conditions in the
interior of the star, matter might be a quark-gluon plasma, where the relevant
degrees of freedom are quarks and gluons rather than nucleons. We consider an
energy-loss scenario where seconds after rebounce the core of the star consists
of a hot and dense quark-gluon plasma. Adopting a simplified model of the
plasma we derive the necessary energy-loss formulae in the soft-radiation
limit. The emissivity is found to be comparable to the one for nuclear matter
and bounds on the radius of extra dimensions are similar to those found
previously from nuclear matter calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6240 </DOCNO>
Quantum resonances in a single plaquette of Josephson junctions:


  We present a theoretical study of a quantum regime of the resistive
(whirling) state of dc driven anisotropic single plaquette containing three
small Josephson junctions. The current-voltage characteristics of such a system
display resonant steps that are due to the resonant interaction between the
time dependent Josephson current and the excited electromagnetic oscillations
(EOs). The voltage positions of the resonances are determined by the quantum
interband transitions of EOs. We show that in the quantum regime as the system
is driven on the resonance, coherent Rabi oscillations between the quantum
levels of EOs occur. At variance with the classical regime the magnitude and
the width of resonances are determined by the frequency of Rabi oscillations
that in turn, depends in a peculiar manner on an externally applied magnetic
field and the parameters of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149595 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian formulation of the massless higher integer spin fields in the


  We construct the Lagrangian description of arbitrary integer higher spin
massless fields on the background of the D-dimensional anti-de Sitter space.
The operator constraints in auxiliary Fock space corresponding to subsidiary
conditions for irreducible unitary massless representations of the
D-dimensional anti-de Sitter group are formulated. Unlike flat space, the
algebra of the constraints turns out to be nonlinear and analogous to the $W_3$
algebra. We construct the nilpotent BRST charge for this nonlinear algebra and
derive on its basis the correct field content and gauge invariant action
describing the consistent arbitrary integer spin field dynamics in $AdS$ space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81352 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Lattices and Dynamical Fermions


  We report results from full QCD calculations with two flavors of dynamical
staggered fermions on anisotropic lattices. The physical anisotropy as
determined from spatial and temporal masses, their corresponding dispersion
relations, and spatial and temporal Wilson loops is studied as a function of
the bare gauge anisotropy and the bare velocity of light appearing in the Dirac
operator. The anisotropy dependence of staggered fermion flavor symmetry
breaking is also examined. These results will then be applied to the study of
2-flavor QCD thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75536 </DOCNO>
Renormalization group improvement of the NRQCD Lagrangian and heavy


  We complete the leading-log renormalization group scaling of the NRQCD
Lagrangian at $O(1/m^2)$. The next-to-next-to-leading-log renormalization group
scaling of the potential NRQCD Lagrangian (as far as the singlet is concerned)
is also obtained in the situation $m\alpha_s \gg \Lambda_{QCD}$. As a
by-product, we obtain the heavy quarkonium spectrum with the same accuracy in
the situation $m\alpha_s^2 \simg \Lambda_{QCD}$. When $\Lambda_{QCD} \ll
m\alpha_s^2$, this is equivalent to obtain the whole set of
$O(m\alpha_s^{(n+4)} \ln^n \alpha_s)$ terms in the heavy quarkonium spectrum.
The implications of our results in the non-perturbative situation $m\alpha_s
\sim \Lambda_{QCD}$ are also mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168917 </DOCNO>
When Worlds Collide: Quantum Probability From Observer Selection?


  Deviations from exact decoherence make little difference for large-amplitude
quantum states, but can make a big difference for small-amplitude states. This
may provide a rationale for ignoring small-amplitude states when deriving the
Born measurement probabilities from the many worlds interpretation.
Interactions between large and small worlds may erase the memory of observers
in small amplitude worlds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83706 </DOCNO>
Solving equations in the relational algebra


  Enumerating all solutions of a relational algebra equation is a natural and
powerful operation which, when added as a query language primitive to the
nested relational algebra, yields a query language for nested relational
databases, equivalent to the well-known powerset algebra. We study
\emph{sparse} equations, which are equations with at most polynomially many
solutions. We look at their complexity, and compare their expressive power with
that of similar notions in the powerset algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127971 </DOCNO>
Constraints On the Size Evolution of Brightest Cluster Galaxies


  We measure the luminosity profiles of 16 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) at
$0.4 < z < 0.8$ using high resolution F160W NICMOS and F814W WFPC2 HST imaging.
The heterogeneous sample is drawn from a variety of surveys: seven from
clusters in the Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey, five from the Las Campanas
Distant Cluster Survey and its northern hemisphere precursor, and the remaining
four from traditional optical surveys. We find that the surface brightness
profiles of all but three of these BCGs are well described by a standard de
Vaucouleurs ($r^{1/4}$) profile out to at least $\sim2r_{e}$ and that the
biweight-estimated NICMOS effective radius of our high redshift BCGs ($r_{e} =
8.3\pm 1.4$ kpc for $H_{0} = 80$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$, $\Omega_{m} = 0.2,
\Omega_\Lambda = 0.0$) is $\sim 2$ times smaller than that measured for a local
BCG sample. If high redshift BCGs are in dynamical equilibrium and satisfy the
same scaling relations as low redshift ones, this change in size would
correspond to a mass growth of a factor of 2 since $z \sim 0.5$. However, the
biweight-estimated WFPC2 effective radius of our sample is 18 $\pm $ 5.1 kpc,
which is fully consistent with the local sample. While we can rule out mass
accretion rates higher than a factor of 2 in our sample, the discrepancy
between our NICMOS and WFPC2 results, which after various tests we describe
appears to be physical, does not yet allow us to place strong constraints on
accretion rates below that level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126516 </DOCNO>
HD Molecular Lines in an Absorption System at Redshift z = 2.3377


  We have analyzed the spectrum of the quasar PKS 1232+082 obtained by
Petitjean et al. (2000). HD molecular lines are identified in an absorption
system at the redshift z=2.3377. The column density of HD molecules in the
system is estimated, N(HD)=(1-4)x10^{14} cm^{-2}. The temperature of excitation
of the first rotational level J=1 relative to the ground state J=0 is
T_ex=70+-7 K. This is, to our knowledge, the first detection of HD molecules at
high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96502 </DOCNO>
Injectivity Radius and Fundamental Group of Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds


  We show that there is an upper bound on the injectivity radius of a
hyperbolic 3-manifold in terms of the the number of generators of its
fundamental group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74287 </DOCNO>
CMB constraints on spatial variations of the vacuum energy density


  In a recent article, a simple `spherical bubble' toy model for a spatially
varying vacuum energy density was introduced, and type Ia supernovae data was
used to constrain it. Here we generalize the model to allow for the fact that
we may not necessarily be at the centre of a region with a given set of
cosmological parameters, and discuss the constraints on these models coming
from Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation data. We find tight constraints on
possible spatial variations of the vacuum energy density for any significant
deviations from the centre of the bubble and we comment on the relevance of our
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98106 </DOCNO>
Generalized Tsen theorem and rationally connected Fano fibrations


  We prove that a fibration X \to \Bbb P_1, the general fiber of which is a
smooth Fano threefold, is rationally connected. The proof is based on a
generalization of Tsen's classical theorem: a fibration X/C over a curve the
general fiber of which is a Fano complete intersection in a product of weighted
projective spaces has a section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 118 </DOCNO>
Six - Vertex Model with Domain wall boundary conditions. Variable


  We consider the six-vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions. We
choose the inhomogeneities as solutions of the Bethe Ansatz equations. The
Bethe Ansatz equations have many solutions, so we can consider a wide variety
of inhomogeneities. For certain choices of the inhomogeneities we study arrow
correlation functions on the horizontal line going through the centre. In
particular we obtain a multiple integral representation for the emptiness
formation probability that generalizes the known formul\ae for XXZ
antiferromagnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6194 </DOCNO>
Strong Quasiparticle Trapping In A 6x6 Array Of Vanadium-Aluminum


  A 6x6 array of symmetrical V/Al/AlOx/Al/V Superconducting Tunnel Junctions
(STJs) was fabricated. The base electrode is a high quality epitaxial film with
a residual resistance ratio (RRR) of ~30. The top film is polycrystalline with
an RRR of ~10. The leakage currents of the 25x25 mm^2 junctions are of the
order of 0.5 pA/mm^2 at a bias voltage of 100 mV, which corresponds to a
dynamical resistance of ~ 3 10^5 ohms. When the array was illuminated by 6 keV
X-ray photons from a 55Fe radioactive source the single photon charge output
was found to be low and strongly dependent on the temperature of the devices.
This temperature dependence at X-ray energies can be explained by the existence
of a very large number of quasiparticle (QP) traps in the Vanadium. QPs are
confined in these traps, having a lower energy gap than the surrounding
material, and are therefore not available for tunneling. The number of traps
can be derived from the energy dependence of the responsivity of the devices
(charge output per electron volt of photon input energy).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96315 </DOCNO>
Compactness results in conformal deformations of Riemannian metrics on


  This paper is devoted to the study of a problem arising from a geometric
context, namely the conformal deformation of a Riemannian metric to a scalar
flat one having constant mean curvature on the boundary. By means of blow-up
analysis techniques and the Positive Mass Theorem, we show that on locally
conformally flat manifolds with umbilic boundary all metrics stay in a compact
set with respect to the $C^2$-norm and the total Leray-Schauder degree of all
solutions is equal to -1. Then we deduce from this compactness result the
existence of at least one solution to our problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2679 </DOCNO>
Theory for phonon-induced superconductivity in MgB$_2$


  We analyze superonductivity in MgB$_2$ observed below $T_c=39$ K resulting
from electron-phonon coupling involving a mode at $\hbar \omega_1 = 24$ meV and
most importantly the in-plane B-B $E_{2g}$ vibration at $\hbar \omega_2=67$
meV. The quasiparticles originating from $\pi$- and $\sigma$-states couple
strongly to the low-frequency mode and the $E_{2g}$-vibrations respectively.
Using two-band Eliashberg theory, $\lambda_{\pi} = 1.4$ and $\lambda_{\sigma} =
0.7$, we calculate the gap functions $\Delta^{i}(\omega,0)$ ($i=\pi$,
$\sigma$).
  Our results provide an explanation of recent tunneling experiments.
  We get $H^{ab}_{c_2}/H^{c}_{c_2} \approx 3.9$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149788 </DOCNO>
Solving the open XXZ spin chain with nondiagonal boundary terms at roots


  We consider the open XXZ quantum spin chain with nondiagonal boundary terms.
For bulk anisotropy value \eta = i \pi/(p+1), p= 1, 2, ..., we propose an exact
(p+1)-order functional relation for the transfer matrix, which implies
Bethe-Ansatz-like equations for the corresponding eigenvalues. The key
observation is that the fused spin-(p+1)/2 transfer matrix can be expressed in
terms of a lower-spin transfer matrix, resulting in the truncation of the
fusion hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81321 </DOCNO>
't Hooft loops and consistent order parameters for confinement


  We study ratios of partition functions in two types of sectors of SU(2), with
fixed temporal center flux and with static fundamental charge. Both can be used
as bona fide order parameters for the deconfinement transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86500 </DOCNO>
NewtonPlus: Approximate Relativity for Supernova Simulations


  We propose an approximation to general relativity that captures the main
gravitational effects of dynamical importance in supernovae. The conceptual
link between this formalism and the Newtonian limit is such that it could
likely be implemented in existing multidimensional Newtonian gravitational
hydrodynamics codes employing a Poisson solver. As a test of the formalism's
utility, we display results for rapidly rotating (and therefore highly
deformed) neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96965 </DOCNO>
Generalized Umemura polynomials and Hirota-Miwa equations


  We introduce and study generalized Umemura polynomials
$U_{n,m}^{(k)}(z,w;a,b)$ which are the natural generalization of the Umemura
polynomials $U_n(z,w;a,b)$ related to the Painleve VI equation. We show that if
either a=b, or a=0, or b=0, then polynomials $U_{n,m}^{(0)}(z,w;a,b)$ generate
solutions to the Painleve VI equation. We give new proof of
Noumi-Okada-Okamoto-Umemura conjecture, and describe connections between
polynomials $U_{n,m}^{(0)}(z,w;a,0)$ and certain Umemura polynomials
$U_k(z,w;\alpha,\beta)$. Finally we show that after appropriate rescaling,
Umemura's polynomials $U_k(z,w;a,b)$ satisfy the Hirota-Miwa bilinear
equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127912 </DOCNO>
What Do We Expect to Learn from Very High Energy Cosmic Ray


  By a short tour through the exciting field of very high-energy and ultra
high-energy cosmic rays studies, a brief review is given about the current
questions approached, in particular by the KASCADE experiment and the Pierre
Auger project. The present status of the investigations of the knee region of
the cosmic ray spectrum by KASCADE is presented and open problems are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179598 </DOCNO>
On polarization of strange baryons in reactions p + p -> p + Lambda^0 +


  Polarization properties of strange baryons produced in pp reactions, p + p ->
p + Lambda^0 + K^+ and p + p -> p + Sigma^0 + K^$, near thresholds of the final
states (p Lambda^0 K^+) and (p Sigma^0 K^+) are analysed relative to
polarizations of colliding protons. The cross sections for pp reactions are
calculated within the effective Lagrangian approach accounting for strong pp
rescattering in the initial state of colliding protons with a dominant
contribution of the one-pion exchange and strong final-state interaction of
daughter hadrons (Eur. Phys. J. A 9, 425 (2000)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114400 </DOCNO>
Status Update on the ISAC Control System


  Implementation and commissioning of the EPICS based control system for the
ISAC radioactive beam facility was completed. The target ion source, mass
separator, and low-energy beam-lines started beam production for experiments.
In parallel, controls for the accelerator system, a radio-frequency quadrupole
followed by a drift-tube linac, and several high-energy beam-lines were
implemented and commissioned. The number of controlled devices more than
doubled since the last report. An overview of relational database usage,
software engineering and quality control methods used will be given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127614 </DOCNO>
CCD Photometry of the Classic Second Parameter Globular Clusters M3 and


  We present high-precision V, B-V color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) for the
classic second parameter globular clusters M3 and M13 from wide-field deep CCD
photometry. The data for the two clusters were obtained during the same
photometric nights with the same instrument, allowing us to determine accurate
relative ages. Based on a differential comparison of the CMDs using the Delta
(B-V) method, an age difference of 1.7 +/- 0.7 Gyr is obtained between these
two clusters. We compare this result with our updated horizontal-branch (HB)
population models, which confirm that the observed age difference can produce
the difference in HB morphology between the clusters. This provides further
evidence that age is the dominant second parameter that influences HB
morphology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7569 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation induced hopping and spin polaron transport


  We study the motion of free magnetic polarons in a paramagnetic background of
fluctuating local moments. The polaron can tunnel only to nearby regions of
local moments when these fluctuate into alignment. We propose this fluctuation
induced hopping as a new transport mechanism for the spin polaron. We calculate
the diffusion constant for fluctuation induced hopping from the rate at which
local moments fluctuate into alignment. The electrical resistivity is then
obtained via the Einstein relation. We suggest that the proposed transport
mechanism is relevant in the high temperature phase of the Mn pyrochlore
colossal magneto resistance compounds and Europium hexaboride.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169481 </DOCNO>
Linear Optical CNOT Gate in the Coincidence Basis


  We describe the operation and tolerances of a non-deterministic, coincidence
basis, quantum CNOT gate for photonic qubits. It is constructed solely from
linear optical elements and requires only a two-photon source for its
demonstration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3461 </DOCNO>
High transport currents in mechanically reinforced MgB2 wires


  We prepared and characterized monofilamentary MgB2 wires with a mechanically
reinforced composite sheath of Ta(Nb)/Cu/steel, which leads to dense filaments
and correspondingly high transport currents up to Jc = 10^5 A/cm^2 at 4.2 K,
self field. The reproducibility of the measured transport currents was
excellent and not depending on the wire diameter. Using different precursors,
commercial reacted powder or an unreacted Mg/B powder mixture, a strong
influence on the pinning behaviour and the irreversibility field was observed.
The critical transport current density showed a nearly linear temperature
dependency for all wires being still 52 kA/cm^2 at 20 K and 23 kA/cm^2 at 30 K.
Detailed data for Jc(B,T) and Tc(B) were measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5912 </DOCNO>
Local invariants in effective hydrodynamics of trapped dilute-gas


  In the framework of mean-field approximation the dynamics of Bose-Einstein
condensates can be described by the hydrodynamic-like equations. These
equations are analyzed here with account of mutual interaction between
condensate and non-condensate atoms. The Lagrange invariants and freezing-in
invariants of such a system have been found. This allows to get some necessary
conditions for creation of an atom laser with controlled parameters of the
beam. Particularly, the atom laser beam can carry quite well defined angular
momentum. This can be practically realized in the most simple case, when the
vorticity of condensate appears to be a freezing-in field. The optimal
conditions for a source mode regime are found out in the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168928 </DOCNO>
Violating Bell's inequality beyond Cirel'son's bound


  Cirel'son inequality states that the absolute value of the combination of
quantum correlations appearing in the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH)
inequality is bound by $2 \sqrt 2$. It is shown that the correlations of two
qubits belonging to a three-qubit system can violate the CHSH inequality beyond
$2 \sqrt 2$. Such a violation is not in conflict with Cirel'son's inequality
because it is based on postselected systems. The maximum allowed violation of
the CHSH inequality, 4, can be achieved using a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126052 </DOCNO>
Supermassive Black Hole Accretion History Inferred from a Large Sample


  We describe the optical, near-infrared, and radio properties of a sample of
hard (2-7 keV) X-ray sources detected in a deep Chandra observation of the
field surrounding the Abell 370 cluster. We combine these data with similar
observations of the Chandra Deep Field-North and the Hawaii Survey Field SSA13
to obtain a sample of 69 hard X-ray sources (45 are spectroscopically
identified) with extremely deep 20 cm observations. We find that about 4% of
the >Lstar galaxy population is X-ray luminous at any time and hence that black
hole accretion has a duration of about half a Gyr. We find that about 30% of
the summed 2-7 keV flux from our total sample is from sources at z<1. We
estimate the bolometric luminosities of accretion onto supermassive black holes
and the mass inflow rates. The time history of the accretion rate density is
evaluated, and its integrated value is reasonably consistent with the value
inferred from the local black hole mass to bulge mass ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40975 </DOCNO>
Neutrino scattering on polarized electron target and neutrino magnetic


  The completed and proposed experiments for the measurement of the neutrino
magnetic moment are discussed. To improve the sensitivity of the search for the
neutrino magnetic moment we suggest to use a polarized electron target in the
processes of neutrino (antineutrino) -- electron scattering. It is shown that
in this case the weak interaction term in the total cross section is few times
smaller comparing with unpolarized case, but the electromagnetic term does not
depend on electron polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83966 </DOCNO>
Mragyati : A System for Keyword-based Searching in Databases


  The web, through many search engine sites, has popularized the keyword-based
search paradigm, where a user can specify a string of keywords and expect to
retrieve relevant documents, possibly ranked by their relevance to the query.
Since a lot of information is stored in databases (and not as HTML documents),
it is important to provide a similar search paradigm for databases, where users
can query a database without knowing the database schema and database query
languages such as SQL. In this paper, we propose such a database search system,
which accepts a free-form query as a collection of keywords, translates it into
queries on the database using the database metadata, and presents query results
in a well-structured and browsable form. Th eysytem maps keywords onto the
database schema and uses inter-relationships (i.e., data semantics) among the
referred tables to generate meaningful query results. We also describe our
prototype for database search, called Mragyati. Th eapproach proposed here is
scalable, as it does not build an in-memory graph of the entire database for
searching for relationships among the objects selected by the user's query.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1641 </DOCNO>
Bound states and glueballs in three-dimensional Ising systems


  We study the spectrum of massive excitations in three-dimensional models
belonging to the Ising universality class. By solving the Bethe-Salpeter
equation for 3D $\phi^4$ theory in the broken symmetry phase we show that
recently found non-perturbative states can be interpreted as bound states of
the fundamental excitation. We show that duality predicts an exact
correspondence between the spectra of the Ising model in the broken symmetry
phase and of the Z(2) gauge theory in the confining phase. The interpretation
of the glueball states of the gauge theory as bound states of the dual spin
system allows us to explain the qualitative features of the glueball spectrum,
in particular, its peculiar angular momentum dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6386 </DOCNO>
Charge current in ferromagnet - triplet superconductor junctions


  We calculate the tunneling conductance spectra of a ferromagnetic metal /
insulator / triplet superconductor from the reflection amplitudes using the
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formula. For the triplet superconductor, we
assume one special $p$-wave order parameter, having line nodes, and two two
dimensional $f$-wave order parameters with line nodes, breaking the time
reversal symmetry. Also we examine nodeless pairing potentials. The evolution
of the spectra with the exchange potential depends solely on the topology of
the gap. The weak Andreev reflection within the ferromagnet results in the
suppression of the tunneling conductance and eliminates the resonances due to
the anisotropy of the pairing potential. The tunneling spectra splits
asymmetrically with respect to $E=0$ under the influence of an external
magnetic field. The results can be used to distinguish between the possible
candidate pairing states of the superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127821 </DOCNO>
Dynamically Close Galaxy Pairs and Merger Rate Evolution in the CNOC2


  We investigate redshift evolution in the galaxy merger and accretion rates,
using a well-defined sample of 4184 galaxies with 0.12 < z < 0.55 and R_C <
21.5. We identify 88 galaxies in close (5 < r_p < 20 h^{-1} kpc) dynamical
(delta v < 500 km/s) pairs. These galaxies are used to compute global pair
statistics, after accounting for selection effects resulting from the flux
limit, k-corrections, luminosity evolution, and spectroscopic incompleteness.
We find that the number of companions per galaxy (for -21 < M_B^{k,e} < -18) is
Nc = 0.0321 +/- 0.0077 at z=0.3. The luminosity in companions, per galaxy, is
Lc = 0.0294 +/- 0.0084 x 10^10 h^2 L_sun. We assume that Nc is proportional to
the galaxy merger rate, while Lc is directly related to the mass accretion
rate. After increasing the maximum pair separation to 50 h^{-1} kpc, and
comparing with the low redshift SSRS2 pairs sample, we infer evolution in the
galaxy merger and accretion rates of (1+z)^{2.3 +/- 0.7} and (1+z)^{2.3 +/-
0.9} respectively. These are the first such estimates to be made using only
confirmed dynamical pairs. When combined with several additional assumptions,
this implies that approximately 15% of present epoch galaxies with -21 < M_B <
-18 have undergone a major merger since z=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127940 </DOCNO>
Molybdenum Evidence for Inherited Planetary Scale Isotope Heterogeneity


  Isotope anomalies provide important information about early solar system
evolution. Here we report molybdenum isotope abundances determined in samples
of various meteorite classes. There is no fractionation of molybdenum isotopes
in our sample set within 0.1 permil and no contribution from the extinct
radionuclide 97Tc at mass 97 (97Tc/92Mo<3E-6). Instead, we observe clear
anomalies in bulk iron meteorites, mesosiderites, pallasites, and chondrites
characterized by a coupled excess in p- and r- or a mirror deficit in s-process
nuclides (Mo-HL). This large scale isotope heterogeneity of the solar system
observed for molybdenum must have been inherited from the interstellar
environment where the sun was born, illustrating the concept of ``cosmic
chemical memory''. The presence of molybdenum anomalies is used to discuss the
filiation between planetesimals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86727 </DOCNO>
Corotating and irrotational binary black holes in quasi-circular orbits


  A complete formalism for constructing initial data representing black-hole
binaries in quasi-equilibrium is developed. Radiation reaction prohibits, in
general, true equilibrium binary configurations. However, when the timescale
for orbital decay is much longer than the orbital period, a binary can be
considered to be in quasi-equilibrium. If each black hole is assumed to be in
quasi-equilibrium, then a complete set of boundary conditions for all initial
data variables can be developed. These boundary conditions are applied on the
apparent horizon of each black hole, and in fact force a specified surface to
be an apparent horizon. A global assumption of quasi-equilibrium is also used
to fix some of the freely specifiable pieces of the initial data and to
uniquely fix the asymptotic boundary conditions. This formalism should allow
for the construction of completely general quasi-equilibrium black hole binary
initial data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84077 </DOCNO>
The Floyd-Warshall Algorithm, the AP and the TSP, Part II


  In math.CO/0111309, we used admissible permutations and a variant of the
Floyd-Warshall Algorithm to obtain an optimal solution to the Assignment
Problem and an approximate solution to the Traveling Salesman Problem. Here we
give a large, detailed illustration of how the algorithms are applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 405 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Invalidation of the Kelvin Force in Ferrofluids"


  It is shown that the experimental results reported in cond-mat/0010412 do not
invalidate the well-known expression for the Kelvin force density in
ferrofluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81242 </DOCNO>
Spins coupled to a $Z_2$-Regge lattice in 4d


  We study an Ising spin system coupled to a fluctuating four-dimensional
$Z_2$-Regge lattice and compare with the results of the four-dimensional Ising
model on a regular lattice. Particular emphasis is placed on the phase
transition of the spin system and the associated critical exponents. We present
results from finite-size scaling analyses of extensive Monte Carlo simulations
which are consistent with mean-field predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148520 </DOCNO>
A Field-theoretical Interpretation of the Holographic Renormalization


  A quantum-field theoretical interpretation is given to the holographic RG
equation by relating it to a field-theoretical local RG equation which
determines how Weyl invariance is broken in a quantized field theory. Using
this approach we determine the relation between the holographic C theorem and
the C theorem in two-dimensional quantum field theory which relies on the
Zamolodchikov metric. Similarly we discuss how in four dimensions the
holographic C function is related to a conjectured field-theoretical C
function. The scheme dependence of the holographic RG due to the possible
presence of finite local counterterms is discussed in detail, as well as its
implications for the holographic C function. We also discuss issues special to
the situation when mass deformations are present. Furthermore we suggest that
the holographic RG equation may also be obtained from a bulk diffeomorphism
which reduces to a Weyl transformation on the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148283 </DOCNO>
String Junctions and Non-Simply Connected Gauge Groups


  Relations between the global structure of the gauge group in elliptic
F-theory compactifications, fractional null string junctions, and the
Mordell-Weil lattice of rational sections are discussed. We extend results in
the literature, which pertain primarily to rational elliptic surfaces and
obtain pi^1(G) where G is the semi-simple part of the gauge group. We show how
to obtain the full global structure of the gauge group, including all U(1)
factors. Our methods are not restricted to rational elliptic surfaces. We also
consider elliptic K3's and K3-fibered Calabi-Yau three-folds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3967 </DOCNO>
Relation between flux formation and pairing in doped antiferromagnets


  We demonstrate that patterns formed by the current-current correlation
function are landmarks which indicate that spin bipolarons form in doped
antiferromagnets. Holes which constitute a spin bipolaron reside at opposite
ends of a line (string) formed by the defects in the antiferromagnetic spin
background. The string is relatively highly mobile, because the motion of a
hole at its end does not raise extensively the number of defects, provided that
the hole at the other end of the line follows along the same track. Appropriate
coherent combinations of string states realize some irreducible representations
of the point group C_4v. Creep of strings favors d- and p-wave states. Some
more subtle processes decide the symmetry of pairing. The pattern of the
current correlation function, that defines the structure of flux, emerges from
motion of holes at string ends and coherence factors with which string states
appear in the wave function of the bound state. Condensation of bipolarons and
phase coherence between them puts to infinity the correlation length of the
current correlation function and establishes the flux in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168434 </DOCNO>
Superfluidity in the stochastic limit


  In the present paper we outline the stochastic limit approach to
superfluidity. The Hamiltonian describing the interaction between the Bose
condensate and the normal phase is introduced. Sufficient in the stochastic
limit condition of superfluidity is proposed. Existence of superfluidity in the
stochastic limit of this system is proved and the non-linear (quadratic)
equation of motion describing the superfluid liquid is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97969 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous spaces, Tits buildings, and isoparametric hypersurfaces


  We classify compact 2-connected homogeneous spaces with the same rational
cohomology as a product of spheres. This classification relies on spectral
sequences, homotopy theory, and representation theory. We then apply this
classification to two geometric problems. The first problem is the
classification of all isoparametric hypersurfaces which admit a transitive
isometry group on at least one focal manifold. This generalizes the
classification of homogeneous isoparametric hypersurfaces by Hsiang and Lawson
and gives a new, independent proof of their result. Secondly, we classify
certain compact highly connected Tits buildings which admit a vertex transitive
automorphism group. Such buildings arise as compactifications of symmetric
spaces as well as from isoparametric submanifolds. This extends the recent
classification of all compact connected Tits buildings which admit a chamber
transitive automorphism group by Grundhofer, Knarr, and the author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124885 </DOCNO>
A Study of Wavelength Calibration of NEWSIPS High-Dispersion Spectra


  In this study we cross-correlate many IUE echellograms of a variety of stars
to evaluate systematic error sources in the wavelength zeropoint of all three
cameras. We first evaluated differences between the final archived ("NEWSIPS")
and the originally processed ("IUESIPS") spectra. These show a clear time
dependence in zeropoint for the SWP camera due to revisions in the IUESIPS
wavelength scale. Small IUESIPS - NEWSIPS differences are also found for the
LWR camera. We also examined wavelength zeropoint disparities between data
obtained both through the small and large entrance apertures and for
observations made by different target acquisition modes for faint and bright
stars. We found that velocities resulting from these alternative observing
modes are nil. For large-aperture observations the dominant error source is the
target position placement in the aperture. We searched for spurious trends with
time, and found only a suggestion of time trends for faint stars observed with
the SWP camera. We also discovered 1-day, +/-3 km/s sinusoidsal patterns in
intensive monitoring data which are ascribable to changes in telescope focus
resulting from thermal drifts. In the second part of the paper, we measured
mean zeropoint errors of NEWSIPS echellogram data against laboratory results by
using the GHRS spectral atlas of the 10 Lac. We find that the derived apparent
velocity difference for this star is -1 +/-3.5 km/s. Several less precise
comparisons lead to similar results. The zeropoints of the NEWSIPS-processed
LWP/LWR cameras are evaluated and are also found to be nearly zero (+/-5 km/s)
relative to HST atlases of Arcturus and Procyon atlas. These results do not
support result by Gonzalez-Riestra et al. that corrections should be introduced
to the wavelength scales of various NEWSIPS high-dispersion data products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123380 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Outflows from Advection-Dominated Accretion Disks around


  The Newtonian ADAF model has been generalized recently to obtain the ADIOS
model that includes outflows of energy and angular momentum. The utilization of
a Newtonian gravitational potential limits the ability of the ADIOS model to
describe the inner region of the disk, where any relativistic outflows are
likely to originate. In this paper we modify the ADIOS scenario to incorporate
a pseudo-Newtonian potential, which approximates the effects of general
relativity. The analysis yields a unique, self-similar solution for the
structure of the coupled disk/wind system. Interesting features of the new
solution include the relativistic character of the outflow in the vicinity of
the radius of marginal stability, which may help to explain the formation of
relativistic jets in active galaxies. The unique density variation obtained
agrees with that implied by the dependence of the X-ray hard time lags on the
Fourier frequency for a number of accreting galactic black hole candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97487 </DOCNO>
Geometry and integrability of Euler-Poincare-Suslov equations


  We consider nonholonomic geodesic flows of left-invariant metrics and
left-invariant nonintegrable distributions on compact connected Lie groups. The
equations of geodesic flows are reduced to the Euler-Poincare-Suslov equations
on the corresponding Lie algebras. The Poisson and symplectic structures give
raise to various algebraic constructions of the integrable Hamiltonian systems.
On the other hand, nonholonomic systems are not Hamiltonian and the integration
methods for nonholonomic systems are much less developed. In this paper, using
chains of subalgebras, we give constructions that lead to a large set of first
integrals and to integrable cases of the Euler-Poincare-Suslov equations.
Further, we give examples of nonholonomic geodesic flows that can be seen as a
restrictions of integrable sub-Riemannian geodesic flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96233 </DOCNO>
The endomorphism rings of jacobians of cyclic covers of the projective


  Suppose K is a field of characteristic 0, $K_a$ is its algebraic closure, p
is an odd prime. Suppose, $f(x) \in K[x]$ is a polynomial of degree $n \ge 5$
without multiple roots. Let us consider a curve $C: y^p=f(x)$ and its jacobian
J(C). It is known that the ring End(J(C)) of all $K_a$-endomorphisms of J(C)
contains the ring $Z[\zeta_p]$ of integers in the pth cyclotomic field
(generated by obvious automorphisms of C). We prove that $End(J(C))=Z[\zeta_p]$
if the Galois group of f over K is either the symmetric group $S_n$ or the
alternating group $A_n$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97409 </DOCNO>
Stable Teichmuller quasigeodesics and ending laminations


  We characterize which cobounded quasigeodesics in the Teichmuller space T of
a closed surface are at bounded distance from a geodesic. More generally, given
a cobounded lipschitz path gamma in T, we show that gamma is a quasigeodesic
with finite Hausdorff distance from some geodesic if and only if the canonical
hyperbolic plane bundle over gamma is a hyperbolic metric space. As an
application, for complete hyperbolic 3-manifolds N with finitely generated,
freely indecomposable fundamental group and with positive injectivity radius,
we give a new construction of model geometries for the geometrically infinite
ends of N, a key step in Minsky's proof of Thurston's ending lamination
conjecture for such manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86761 </DOCNO>
Testing The Friedmann Equation: The Expansion of the Universe During


  In conventional general relativity, the expansion rate H of a
Robertson-Walker universe is related to the energy density by the Friedmann
equation. Aside from the present day, the only epoch at which we can constrain
the expansion history in a model-independent way is during Big-Bang
Nucleosynthesis (BBN). We consider a simple two-parameter characterization of
the behavior of H during BBN and derive constraints on this parameter space,
finding that the allowed region of parameter space is essentially
one-dimensional. We also study the effects of a large neutrino asymmetry within
this framework. Our results provide a simple way to compare an alternative
cosmology to the observational requirement of matching the primordial
abundances of the light elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129120 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Omega_B from the nucleosynthesis of 7Li in the standard


  We update Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (SBBN) calculations on the basis
of recent nuclear physics compilations (NACRE in particular), experimental and
theoretical works. By a Monte--Carlo technique, we calculate the uncertainties
on the light element yields (4He, D, 3He, 7Li) related to nuclear reactions.
The results are compared to observations that are thought to be representative
of the corresponding primordial abundances. It is found that 7Li could lead to
more stringent constraints on the baryonic density of the universe (Omega_B)
than deuterium, because of much higher observation statistics and an easier
extrapolation to primordial values. The confrontation of SBBN results with 7Li
observations is of special interest since other independent approaches have
also recently provided Omega_B.h^2 values: i) the anisotropies of the Cosmic
Microwave Background by the BOOMERANG, CBI, DASI and MAXIMA experiments and ii)
the Lyman-alpha forest at high redshift. Comparison between these results
obtained by different methods provides a test of their consistency and could
provide a better determination of the baryonic density in the universe.
However, the agreement between Omega_B.h^2 values deduced from SBBN calculation
and 7Li observation on the one hand and CMB observations on the other hand is
only marginal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6338 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Directed Small-World Networks


  Many social, biological, and economic systems can be approached by complex
networks of interacting units. The behaviour of several models on small-world
networks has recently been studied. These models are expected to capture the
essential features of the complex processes taking place on real networks like
disease spreading, formation of public opinion, distribution of wealth, etc. In
many of these systems relations are directed, in the sense that links only act
in one direction (outwards or inwards). We investigate the effect of directed
links on the behaviour of a simple spin-like model evolving on a small-world
network. We show that directed networks may lead to a highly nontrivial phase
diagram including first and second-order phase transitions out of equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97039 </DOCNO>
Boundary algebras of hyperbolic monopoles


  We prove the conjecture that a monopole in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter
space can be completely determined by its ``holographic'' image on the
conformal boundary two-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129391 </DOCNO>
MOND--a pedagogical review


  An account is given of the development, and the status, of the modified
dynamics (MOND)--a proposed alternative to dark matter, which posits a
breakdown of Newtonian dynamics in the limit of small accelerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168764 </DOCNO>
A feasible quantum optical experiment capable of refuting


  Elaborating on a previous work by Simon et al. [PRL 85, 1783 (2000)] we
propose a realizable quantum optical single-photon experiment using standard
present day technology, capable of discriminating maximally between the
predictions of quantum mechanics (QM) and noncontextual hidden variable
theories (NCHV). Quantum mechanics predicts a gross violation (up to a factor
of 2) of the noncontextual Bell-like inequality associated with the proposed
experiment. An actual maximal violation of this inequality would demonstrate
(modulo fair sampling) an all-or-nothing type contradiction between QM and
NCHV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98100 </DOCNO>
Segal-Bargmann Transforms of One-mode Interacting Fock Spaces Associated


  Let $\mu_{g}$ and $\mu_{p}$ denote the Gaussian and Poisson measures on
${\Bbb R}$, respectively. We show that there exists a unique measure
$\widetilde{\mu}_{g}$ on ${\Bbb C}$ such that under the Segal-Bargmann
transform $S_{\mu_g}$ the space $L^2({\Bbb R},\mu_g)$ is isomorphic to the
space ${\cal H}L^2({\Bbb C}, \widetilde{\mu}_{g})$ of analytic $L^2$-functions
on ${\Bbb C}$ with respect to $\widetilde{\mu}_{g}$. We also introduce the
Segal-Bargmann transform $S_{\mu_p}$ for the Poisson measure $\mu_{p}$ and
prove the corresponding result. As a consequence, when $\mu_{g}$ and $\mu_{p}$
have the same variance, $L^2({\Bbb R},\mu_g)$ and $L^2({\Bbb R},\mu_p)$ are
isomorphic to the same space ${\cal H}L^2({\Bbb C}, \widetilde{\mu}_{g})$ under
the $S_{\mu_g}$ and $S_{\mu_p}$-transforms, respectively. However, we show that
the multiplication operators by $x$ on $L^2({\Bbb R}, \mu_g)$ and on $L^2({\Bbb
R}, \mu_p)$ act quite differently on ${\cal H}L^2({\Bbb C},
\widetilde{\mu}_{g})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148965 </DOCNO>
Classical geometry and gauge duals for fractional branes on ALE


  We investigate the classical geometry corresponding to a collection of
fractional D3 branes in the orbifold limit of an ALE space. We discuss its
interpretation in terms of the world-volume gauge theory on the branes, which
is in general a non conformal N=2 Yang-Mills theory with matter. The twisted
fields reproduce the perturbative behaviour of the gauge theory. We regulate
the IR singularities for both twisted and untwisted fields by means of an
enhancon mechanism qualitatively consistent with the gauge theory expectations.
The five-form flux decreases logarithmically towards the IR with a coefficient
dictated by the gauge theory beta-functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128144 </DOCNO>
Star Formation Signatures in the Condensation Downstream of HH 80N


  HH80N is one of the Herbig-Haro objects that have associated quiescent dense
clumps. We report CO and CS BIMA observations that reveal star formation within
the HH80N dense clump. The CO emission reveals clearly a bipolar molecular
outflow centered on the dense clump. The CS emission traces a ring-like
structure of radius ~0.24 pc. The CS kinematics shows that the ring is
collapsing with an infall speed of ~0.6 km/s. The required mass to produce the
collapse is in agreement with previous ammonia observations of the 20 solar
mass core, which is embedded within the CS structure. However, we cannot
discard that the ring structure is expanding driven by protostellar winds, if
the CS abundance if unusually high and the CO momentum rate is much higher than
that measured, due to inclination and optical depth effects. The properties of
the molecular outflow and of the dense core suggest that it harbors a Class 0
object. There are also signatures of interaction of the HH 80/81/80N outflow
with the dense gas. In particular it is possible that the HH 80/81/80N outflow
has triggered or at least speed up the star formation in this region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125838 </DOCNO>
The Tolman Surface Brightness Test for the Reality of the Expansion. IV.


  We review a sample of the early literature in which the reality of the
expansion is discussed, explain Hubble's reticence to accept the expansion as
real, and contrast the Tolman surface brightness test with three other modern
tests. We search for the Tolman surface brightness depression with redshift
using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data from Paper III for 34 early-type
galaxies from the three clusters Cl 1324+3011 (z=0.76), Cl 1604+4304 (z=0.90),
and Cl 1604+4321 (z=0.92). Depressions of the surface brightness relative to
the zero-redshift fiducial lines in the mean surface brightness, log linear
radius diagrams of Paper I are found for all three clusters. Expressed as the
exponent, n, in 2.5 log (1 + z)^n mag, the value of n for all three clusters is
n = 2.59 +/- 0.17 in the R band and 3.37 +/- 0.13 in the I band for a q_o = 1/2
model. The sensitivity of the result to the assumed value of q_o is shown to be
less than 23% between q_o = 0 and +1. For a true Tolman signal with n = 4, the
luminosity evolution in the look-back time, expressed as the exponent in 2.5
log (1+z)^(4-n) mag, must then be between 1.72 to 1.19 in the R band and 0.94
to 0.45 in the I band. We show that this is precisely the range expected from
the evolutionary models of Bruzual & Charlot. We conclude that the Tolman
surface brightness test is consistent with the reality of the expansion. We
have also used the high-redshift HST data to test the ``tired light''
speculation for a non-expansion model for the redshift. The HST data rule out
the ``tired light'' model at a significance level of better than 10 sigma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98278 </DOCNO>
The Bourgain ell ^1-index of mixed Tsirelson space


  Suppose that (F_n)_{n=0}^{\infty} is a sequence of regular families of finite
subsets of N such that F_0 contains all singletons, and (\theta
_n)_{n=1}^{\infty} is a nonincreasing null sequence in (0,1). In this paper, we
compute the Bourgain \ell^1 - index of the mixed Tsirelson space
T(F_0,(\theta_n, F_n)_{n=1}^{\infty}). As a consequence, it is shown that if
\eta is a countable ordinal not of the form \omega^\xi for some limit ordinal
\xi, then there is a Banach space whose \ell^1-index is \omega^\eta . This
answers a question of Judd and Odell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179326 </DOCNO>
First-forbidden mirror beta-decays in A=17 mass region


  The first-forbidden beta-decay of 17Ne into the 'halo' state J=1/2+ of 17F
presents one of the largest measured asymmetries for mirror beta-decay feeding
bound final states. This asymmetry is studied in the framework of the Shell
Model Embedded in the Continuum (SMEC). The spatial extent of single particle
orbits is constrained by the proton capture cross-section 16O(p,gamma)17F
calculated in SMEC . This allows to estimate the mirror symmetry breaking in
17F/17O and 17Ne/17N nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86787 </DOCNO>
Isotropic evolution of a JBD anisotropic Bianchi universe


  I study the dynamical effects due to the Brans-Dicke scalar $\phi$-field at
the early stages of a supposedly anisotropic Universe expansion in the
scalar-tensor cosmology of Jordan-Brans-Dicke. This is done considering the
behaviour of the general solutions for the homogeneous model of Bianchi type
VII in the vacuum case. I conclude that the Bianchi-VII$_0$ model shows an
isotropic expansion and that its only physical solution is equivalent to a
Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetime whose evolution can, depending on the value
of the JBD coupling constant, begin in a singularity and, after expanding
(inflating, if $\omega>0$), shrink to another, or starting in a non-singular
state, collapse to a singularity. I also conclude that the general
Bianchi-VII$_h$ (with $h\neq 0$) models show strong curvature singularities
producing a complete collapse of the homogeinity surfaces to 2D-manifolds, to
1D-manifolds or to single points. Our analysis depends crucially on the
introduction of the so-called intrinsic time, $\Phi$, as the product of the JBD
scalar field $\phi$ times a mean scale factor $a^3=a_1a_2a_3$, in which the
finite-cosmological-time evolution of this universe unfolds into an infinite
$\Phi$-range. These universes isotropize from an anisotropic initial state,
thence I conclude that they are stable against anisotropic perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114102 </DOCNO>
Statics and dynamics of phase segregation in multicomponent fermion gas


  We investigate the statics and dynamics of spatial phase segregation process
of a mixture of fermion atoms in a harmonic trap using the density functional
theory. The kinetic energy of the fermion gas is written in terms of the
density and its gradients. Several cases have been studied by neglecting the
gradient terms (the Thomas-Fermi limit) which are then compared with the
Monte-Carlo results using the full gradient corrected kinetic energy. A linear
instability analysis has been performed using the random-phase approximation.
Near the onset of instability, the fastest unstable mode for spinodal
decomposition is found to occur at $q=0$. However, in the strong coupling
limit, many more modes with $q\approx K_F$ decay with comparable time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 734 </DOCNO>
Tunneling spectroscopy measurement of the superconductor gap parameter


  Cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy and magnetization measurements were
used to study the superconducting properties of MgB_2. The magnetization
measurements show a sharp superconductor transition onset at T_c = 38.5 K, in
agreement with previous works. The tunneling spectra exhibit BCS gap
structures, with gap parameters in the range of 5 to 7 meV, yielding a ratio of
2delat/KT_c ~ 3-4. This suggests that MgB_2 is a conventional BCS (s-wave)
superconductor, either in the weak-coupling or in the `intermediate-coupling`
regime

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3517 </DOCNO>
Effects of D-strain, g-strain, and dipolar interactions on EPR


  Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements on single crystals of the
molecular magnets Fe8 and Mn12 reveal complex nonlinearities in the linewidths
as functions of energy eigenstate, frequency, and temperature. Using a
density-matrix equation with distributions of the uniaxial anisotropy parameter
$D$, the Land\'{e} $g$ factor, and dipolar interactions, we obtain linewidths
in good agreement with experiments. Our study shows that the distribution in
$D$ is common to the examined molecular magnets Fe8 and Mn12 regardless of the
qualities of the samples. This could provide the basis for a proposed tunneling
mechanism due to lattice defects. The distribution in $g$ is also quite
significant for Mn12.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41076 </DOCNO>
Deep Inelastic Scattering at Large Energy and Momentum Transfers: Recent


  Data from H1 and ZEUS on the structure and the quark and gluon densities of
the proton are discussed. A brief excursion is made into the field of inclusive
diffraction by deep inelastic scattering. The comparison of e- p and e+ p
scattering at large momentum transfers demonstrates clearly the presence of
weak contributions in neutral current interactions. The comparison with the
corresponding charged current results shows at Q2 values above the masses
squared of the heavy vector bosons the unification of electromagnetic and weak
interactions. The new data are testing the validity of the Standard Model down
to spatial resolutions of the order of 10^{-16} cm. Intensive searches have
been performed for a manifestation of instantons, for signs of compositeness of
quarks and leptons and for the effect of extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1195 </DOCNO>
Classical mechanism for negative magnetoresistance in two dimensions


  The classical two-dimensional problem of non-interacting electrons scattered
by short-range impurity centers in the presence of magnetic field is
investigated both analytically and numerically. A strong magnetoresistance
exists in such a system, due to freely circling electrons, which are not taken
into account by the Boltzmann-Drude approach. A parabolic magnetoresistance is
found at low fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149508 </DOCNO>
On The Interaction Of D0-Brane Bound States And RR Photons


  We consider the problem of the interaction between D0-brane bound state and
1-form RR photons by the world-line theory. Based on the fact that in the
world-line theory the RR gauge fields depend on the matrix coordinates of
D0-branes, the gauge fields also appear as matrices in the formulation. At the
classical level, we derive the Lorentz-like equations of motion for D0-branes,
and it is observed that the center-of-mass is colourless with respect to the
SU(N) sector of the background. Using the path integral method, the
perturbation theory for the interaction between the bound state and the RR
background is developed. We discuss what kind of field theory may be
corresponded to the amplitudes which are calculated by the perturbation
expansion in world-line theory. Qualitative considerations show that the
possibility of existence of a map between the world-line theory and the
non-Abelian gauge theory is very considerable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7499 </DOCNO>
The Nearest and Next Nearest Neighbor Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Model


  The mean field theory of a spin glass with a specific form of nearest and
next nearest neighbor interactions is investigated. Depending on the sign of
the interaction matrix chosen we either find the continuous replica symmetry
breaking seen in the Sherrington-Kirkpartick model or a one step solution
similar to that found in structural glasses. Our results are confirmed by
numerical simulations and the link between the type of spin-glass behavior and
the density of eigenvalues of the interaction matrix is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7041 </DOCNO>
The SIESTA method for ab initio order-N materials simulation


  We have developed and implemented a self-consistent density functional method
using standard norm-conserving pseudopotentials and a flexible, numerical LCAO
basis set, which includes multiple-zeta and polarization orbitals.
   Exchange and correlation are treated with the local spin density or
generalized gradient approximations.
   The basis functions and the electron density are projected on a real-space
grid, in order to calculate the Hartree and exchange-correlation potentials and
matrix elements, with a number of operations that scales linearly with the size
of the system.
   We use a modified energy functional, whose minimization produces orthogonal
wavefunctions and the same energy and density as the Kohn-Sham energy
functional, without the need of an explicit orthogonalization.
   Additionally, using localized Wannier-like electron wavefunctions allows the
computation time and memory, required to minimize the energy, to also scale
linearly with the size of the system.
   Forces and stresses are also calculated efficiently and accurately, thus
allowing structural relaxation and molecular dynamics simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3203 </DOCNO>
Growth of Bose-Einstein Condensates from Thermal Vapor


  We report on a quantitative study of the growth process of $^{87}$Rb
Bose-Einstein condensates. By continuous evaporative cooling we directly
control the thermal cloud from which the condensate grows. We compare the
experimental data with the results of a theoretical model based on quantum
kinetic theory. We find quantitative agreement with theory for the situation of
strong cooling, whereas in the weak cooling regime a distinctly different
behaviour is found in the experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95754 </DOCNO>
Repr{\'e}sentations p-adiques et {\'e}quations diff{\'e}rentielles


  In this paper, we associate to every $p$-adic representation $V$ a $p$-adic
differential equation $\mathbf{D}^{\dagger}_{\mathrm{rig}}(V)$, that is to say
a module with a connection over the Robba ring. We do this via the theory of
Fontaine's $(\phi,\Gamma_K)$-modules.
  This construction enables us to relate the theory of
$(\phi,\Gamma_K)$-modules to $p$-adic Hodge theory. We explain how to construct
$mathbf{D}_{mathrm{cris}}(V)$ and $\mathbf{D}_{\mathrm{st}}(V)$ from
$\mathbf{D}^{\dagger}_{\mathrm{rig}}(V)$, which allows us to recognize
semi-stable or crystalline representations; the connection is then either
unipotent or trivial on $\mathbf{D}^{\dagger}_{\mathrm{rig}}(V)[1/t]$.
  In general, the connection has an infinite number of regular singularities,
but we show that $V$ is de Rham if and only if those are apparent
singularities. A structure theorem for modules over the Robba ring allows us to
get rid of all singularities at once, and to obtain a ``classical''
differential equation, with a Frobenius structure. A recent theorem of Y.
Andr\'e gives a complete description of the structure of such an object. This
allows us to prove Fontaine's $p$-adic monodromy conjecture: every de Rham
representation is potentially semi-stable.
  As an application, we can extend to the case of arbitrary perfect residue
fields some results of Hyodo ($H^1_g=H^1_{st}$), of Perrin-Riou (the
semi-stability of ordinary representations), of Colmez (absolutely crystalline
representations are of finite height), and of Bloch and Kato (if the weights of
$V$ are $\geq 2$, then Bloch-Kato's exponential $\exp_V$ is an isomorphism).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3833 </DOCNO>
Dephasing of interacting tunneling systems


  We investigate the phase coherence time of weakly interacting tunneling
systems (TSs). We show that all neighbors of a given TS form together with the
TS of interest an entangled cluster as long as the linewidth of the excitation
of the neighbor is smaller than its interaction energy with the TS of interest.
Thus, the relaxation of all neighbors in the cluster contributes to the
dephasing of the TS of interest. This mechanism dominates the transversal decay
of the TSs and it explains recent two-pulse echo experiments in which the
exponential decay rate could not be explained within spectral diffusion
consistent with internal friction data. However, since the proposed mechanism
predicts only an exponential decay, the Gaussian like decay at short times
remains unexplained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127990 </DOCNO>
The optical afterglow and host galaxy of GRB 000926


  In this paper we illustrate with the case of GRB 000926 how Gamma Ray Bursts
(GRBs) can be used as cosmological lighthouses to identify and study star
forming galaxies at high redshifts. The optical afterglow of the burst was
located with optical imaging at the Nordic Optical Telescope 20.7 hours after
the burst. Rapid follow-up spectroscopy allowed the determination of the
redshift of the burst and a measurement of the host galaxy HI-column density in
front of the burst. With late-time narrow band Ly-alpha as well as broad band
imaging, we have studied the emission from the host galaxy and found that it is
a strong Ly-alpha emitter in a state of active star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128979 </DOCNO>
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: The Annihilation of Super-Heavy Relics


  We investigate the possibility that ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs)
originate from the annihilation of relic superheavy (SH) dark matter in the
Galactic halo. In order to fit the data on UHECRs, a cross section of
$<\sigma_Av>\sim 10^{-26}\textrm{cm}^2 (M_X/10^{12} \textrm{GeV})^{3/2}$ is
required if the SH dark matter follows a Navarro--Frenk--White (NFW) density
profile. This would require extremely large-$l$ contributions to the
annihilation cross section. An interesting finding of our calculation is that
the annihilation in sub-galactic clumps of dark matter dominates over the
annihilations in the smooth dark matter halo, thus implying much smaller values
of the cross section needed to explain the observed fluxes of UHECRs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6972 </DOCNO>
Topological Quantum Phase Transitions in Superconductivity on Lattices


  Topological quantum phase transitions in superconductivity are discussed on
two dimensional lattices. The main focus is on the Chern number for
superconducting states. Each superconductivity is characterized by the Chern
number, and the quantum phase transition is associated with topological changes
of the quasiparticle Bloch function in the Brillouin zone. For the
superconducting case, the Chern number has several equivalent but different
topological expressions given by vortices, the Dirac monopole and strings. We
demonstrate quantum phase transitions by these topological quantities both for
singlet and triplet cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86916 </DOCNO>
Exact Solution of Photon Equation in a Nonstationary G\"{o}del-Type


  The photon equation (massless Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation) is studied in a
nonstationary rotating, causal G\"{o}del-type cosmological universe. The spinor
solution is found exactly. It is shown that frequency spectrum is discrete and
unbounded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72365 </DOCNO>
Electric Dipole moments of charged leptons and lepton flavor violating


  We calculate the electric dipole moment of electron using the experimental
result of muon electric dipole moment and upper limit of the BR(\mu -->
e\gamma) in the framework of the general two Higgs doublet model. Our
prediction is 10^{-32} e-cm, which lies in the experimental current limits.
Further, we obtain constraints for the Yukawa couplings \bar{\xi}^{D}_{N,\tau
e} and \bar{\xi}^{D}_{N,\tau\mu}. Finally we present an expression which
connects the BR(\tau\to \mu\gamma) and the electric dipole moment of
\tau-lepton and study the relation between these physical quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148757 </DOCNO>
Particle creation in an oscillating spherical cavity


  We study the creation of massless scalar particles from the quantum vacuum
due to the dynamical Casimir effect by spherical shell with oscillating radius.
In the case of a small amplitude of the oscillation, to solve the infinite set
of coupled differential equations for the instantaneous basis expansion
coefficients we use the method based on the time-dependent perturbation theory
of the quantum mechanics. To the first order of the amplitude we derive the
expressions for the number of the created particles for both parametric
resonance and non-resonance cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126344 </DOCNO>
SED Signatures of Jovian Planets Around White Dwarf Stars


  The problem of detecting Jovian-sized planets orbiting White Dwarf stars is
considered. Significant IR excesses result from warm Jupiters orbiting a White
Dwarf of $T_{\rm eff}=10000$ K at a distance of $\sim 10^3$ White Dwarf radii
(corresponding to $\sim 10^2$ Jupiter radii or a few tenths of an AU) with an
orbital period of $\sim 100$ days. Such a planet will have a 10 micron flux
density at its Wien peak that is comparable to the emission of the White Dwarf
at that wavelength. Although the White Dwarf is much hotter than the planet,
the planet will have peak brightness at the IR, well into the Rayleigh-Jeans
tail of the White Dwarf, plus Jovians are about 10 times larger than White
Dwarfs, so there is a substantial gain in the planet to star brightness
contrast as compared to planets around Main Sequence stars. In the solar
neighborhood, there are 51 White Dwarf stars within 13 pc of the Sun. At 10 pc,
the IR flux density of ``warm'' Jupiters (a few hundred Kelvin) will fall in
the range 10--100 micro-Jansky which should be observable with {\it SIRTF}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85698 </DOCNO>
Gravitation as a Super SL(2,C) Gauge Theory


  We present a gauge theory of the super SL(2,C) group. The gauge potential is
a connection of the Super SL(2,C) group. A MacDowell-Mansouri type of action is
proposed where the action is quadratic in the Super SL(2,C) curvature and
depends purely on gauge connection. By breaking the symmetry of the Super
SL(2,C) topological gauge theory to SL(2,C), a metric is naturally defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40973 </DOCNO>
Tests of QED with Multi-Photonic Final States


  In the Standard Model the process e+e- -> gamma-gamma is fully described by
QED. Measurements of the differential cross-sections from the four LEP
experiments are compared to the QED expectation and limits are set on
parameters describing physics beyond the Standard Model. Three-photon events
are used for a direct search for a photonically decaying resonance produced
together with a photon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7606 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium coupled Brownian phase oscillators


  A model of globally coupled phase oscillators under equilibrium (driven by
Gaussian white noise) and nonequilibrium (driven by symmetric dichotomic
fluctuations) is studied. For the equilibrium system, the mean-field state
equation takes a simple form and the stability of its solution is examined in
the full space of order parameters. For the nonequilbrium system, various
asymptotic regimes are obtained in a closed analytical form. In a general case,
the corresponding master equations are solved numerically. Moreover, the
Monte-Carlo simulations of the coupled set of Langevin equations of motion is
performed. The phase diagram of the nonequilibrium system is presented. For the
long time limit, we have found four regimes. Three of them can be obtained from
the mean-field theory. One of them, the oscillating regime, cannot be predicted
by the mean-field method and has been detected in the Monte-Carlo numerical
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129369 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectroscopy of Cataclysmic Variables


  In cataclysmic variables (CVs), accretion onto white dwarfs produces high
temperature, high density plasmas. They cool down from kT~10 keV via
bremsstrahlung continuum and K and L shell line emissions. The small volume
around white dwarfs means that the plasma densities are much higher than in,
e.g., stellar coronae, probably beyond the range well-described by existing
models. I will describe potential diagnostics of the temperatures, the
densities, and the optical depths of X-ray emitting plasmas in CVs, and present
the recent Chandra grating spectra of the magnetic CV V1223 Sgr as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97226 </DOCNO>
q and q,t-Analogs of Non-commutative Symmetric Functions


  We introduce two families of non-commutative symmetric functions that have
analogous properties to the Hall-Littlewood and Macdonald symmetric functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114389 </DOCNO>
Decision Support System for the APS Control System


  The Advanced Photon Source is now in its fifth year of routine beam
production. The EPICS-based [1] control system has entered the phase in its
life cycle where new control algorithms must be implemented under increasingly
stringent operational and reliability requirements. The sheer volume of the
control system (~270,000 records, ~145 VME-based input-output controllers
(IOCs), and ~7,000,000 lines of EPICS ASCII configuration code), presents a
daunting challenge for code maintenance.
  The present work describes a relational database that provides an integrated
view of the interacting components of the entire APS control system, including
the IOC low-level logic, the physical wiring documentation, and high-level
client applications. The database is extracted (booted) from the same
operational CVS repository as that used to load the active IOCs. It provides
site-wide decision support facilities to inspect and trace control flow and to
identify client (e.g., user interface) programs involved at any selected point
in the front-end logic. The relational database forms a basis for generalized
documentation of global control logic and its connection with both the physical
I/O and with external high-level applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125489 </DOCNO>
Constraints on a Local Group X-ray Halo


  A simple model for a hot Local Group halo is constructed, using the standard
beta-model for the halo density and by choosing model parameters based on all
available observations of X-ray emission in other groups of galaxies and on
optical data on Local Group morphology. From the predicted X-ray intensities,
total Local Group mass, and central cooling time of the halo, we derive very
conservative upper limits on the central halo density N_0 and global
temperature T of N_0 = 5e-4 cm-3 and kT = 0.5 keV, irrespective of realistic
values of the density profile parameters r_c and beta. A typical poor group
value of beta = 0.5 requires kT < 0.15 keV and N_0 < 1e-4 cm-3, from which it
is concluded that the Local Group is very unlikely to possess a significant
X-ray halo. The prospects for further constraining of halo parameters from UV
absorption line observations are considered. We explicitly calculate the
ability of the halo to distort the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in terms
of the resulting CMB temperature variations and multipole anisotropies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5048 </DOCNO>
Nature of the glassy phase of RNA secondary structure


  We characterize the low temperature phase of a simple model for RNA secondary
structures by determining the typical energy scale E(l) of excitations
involving l bases. At zero temperature, we find a scaling law E(l) \sim
l^\theta with \theta \approx 0.23, and this same scaling holds at low enough
temperatures. Above a critical temperature, there is a different phase
characterized by a relatively flat free energy landscape resembling that of a
homopolymer with a scaling exponent \theta=1. These results strengthen the
evidence in favour of the existence of a glass phase at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1943 </DOCNO>
Symmetry-breaking and chaos in electron transport in semiconductor


  We study the motion of electrons in a single miniband of a semiconductor
superlattice driven by THz electric field polarized along the growth direction.
We work in the semiclassical balance-equation model, including different
elastic and inelastic scattering rates, and incorporating the self-consistent
electric field generated by electron motion. We explore regions of complex
dynamics, which can include chaotic behaviour and symmetry-breaking. We
estimate the magnitudes of dc current and dc voltage that spontaneously appear
in regions of broken-symmetry for parameters characteristic of modern
semiconductor superlattices. This work complements PRL 80(1998)2669 [
cond-mat/9709026 ].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149505 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangian from Higher Curvature Terms: Absence of vDVZ


  We argue that the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity arising in the $M^2
\to 0$ limit of the massive graviton through an explicit Pauli-Fierz mass term
could be absent in anti de Sitter space. This is possible if the graviton can
acquire mass spontaneously from the higher curvature terms or/and the massless
limit $M^2\to 0$ is attained faster than the cosmological constant $\Lambda \to
0$. We discuss the effects of higher-curvature couplings and of an explicit
cosmological term ($\Lambda$) on stability of such continuity and of massive
excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126017 </DOCNO>
Mirror eclipses in the cataclysmic variable IP Peg


  We present time resolved K-band infrared spectra of the dwarf nova (DN) IP
Peg in early quiescence. The Brackett-gamma and HeI lines in our data show
hitherto unseen behaviour, which we term a mirror eclipse, and interpret as an
eclipse of the secondary star by an optically thin accretion disc. Mirror
eclipses are a direct probe of the structure and physical conditions of
accretion discs. For example, on assuming the relevant level populations to be
in LTE, we constrain the temperature and density of the optically thin material
causing the mirror eclipse to be 10,000 < T < 20,000 K and \rho ~10^-11 g/cm^3
respectively. In order to match our data we find that at least the outermost
20% of the disc (in radius) must be entirely optically thin. Implications for
time-dependant disc models are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77077 </DOCNO>
Wilson loop and dS/CFT correspondence


  We calculate Wilson loop (quark anti-quark potential) in dS/CFT
correspondence. The brane-world model is considered where bulk is two 5d
Euclidean de Sitter spaces and boundary (brane) is 4d de Sitter one. Starting
from the Nambu-Goto action, the calculation of the effective tension (average
energy) is presented. Unlike to the case of supergravity calculation of Wilson
loop in AdS/CFT set-up, there is no need to regularize the Nambu-Goto action
(the volume of de Sitter space is finite). It turns out that at sufficiently
small curvature of 5d background the energy (potential) is positive and linear
on the distance between quark and anti-quark what indicates to the possibility
of confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76002 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical Polarimetry of Cosmological Sources


  Kostelecky and Mewes have recently shown that sensitive constraints can be
placed on some aspects of Lorentz symmetry violation using certain astronomical
data on high-redshift sources. Here, I introduce that data in its astronomical
context, making it clear that these data are robust and accurate for their
purpose. In particular, I explain that spatially extended scattered light from
obscured quasars leads to a centrosymmetric scattering polarization, with
polarization position angle independent of wavelength. Evidentally, these
relationships aren't spoiled by propagation effects as the photons cross the
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126876 </DOCNO>
VLBI study of water maser emission in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC5793. I:


  We present the first result of VLBI observations of the blueshifted water
maser emission from the type 2 Seyfert galaxy NGC5793, which we combine with
new and previous VLBI observations of continuum emission at 1.7, 5.0, 8.4, 15,
and 22 GHz. Maser emission was detected earlier in single-dish observations and
found to have both red- and blueshifted features relative to the systemic
velocity. We could image only the blueshifted emission, which is located 3.6 pc
southwest of the 22 GHz continuum peak. The blueshifted emission was found to
originate in two clusters that are separated by 0.7 milliarcsecond (0.16 pc).
No compact continuum emission was found within 3.6 pc of the maser spot. A
compact continuum source showing a marginally inverted spectrum between 1.7 and
5.0 GHz was found 4.2 pc southwest of the maser position. The spectral turnover
might be due to synchrotron self-absorption caused by a shock in the jet owing
to collision with dense gas, or it might be due to free-free absorption in an
ionized screen possibly the inner part of a disk, foreground to the jet.
  The water maser may be part of a maser disk. If so, it would be rotating in
the opposite sense to the highly inclined galactic disk observed in CO
emission. We estimate a binding mass within 1 pc of the presumed nucleus to be
on the order of 10^7 Msun. Alternatively, the maser emission could result from
the amplification of a radio jet by foreground circumnuclear molecular gas. In
this case, the high blueshift of the maser emission might mean that the masing
region is moving outward away from the molecular gas surrounding an active
nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95385 </DOCNO>
The 3D Quasigeostrophic Fluid Dynamics under Random Forcing on Boundary


  The three-dimensional baroclinic quasigeostrophic flow model has been widely
used to study basic mechanisms in oceanic flows and climate dynamics. In this
paper, we consider this flow model under random wind forcing and time-periodic
fluctuations on fluid boundary (the interface between the oceans and the
atmosphere). The time-periodic fluctuations are due to periodic rotation of the
earth and thus periodic exposure of the earth to the solar radiation. After
establishing the well-posedness of the baroclinic quasigeostrophic flow model
in the state space, we demonstrate the existence of the random attractors,
again in the state space. We also discuss the relevance of our result to
climate modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73832 </DOCNO>
About Superpartners and the Origins of the Supersymmetric Standard Model


  We recall the obstacles which seemed, long ago, to prevent supersymmetry from
possibly being a fundamental symmetry of Nature. Which bosons and fermions
could be related? Is spontaneous supersymmetry breaking possible? Where is the
spin-1/2 Goldstone fermion of supersymmetry? Can one define conserved baryon
and lepton numbers in such theories, although they systematically involve
self-conjugate Majorana fermions? etc.. We then recall how an early attempt to
relate the photon with a ``neutrino'' led to the definition of R-invariance,
but that this ``neutrino'' had to be reinterpreted as a new particle, the
photino. This led us to the Supersymmetric Standard Model, involving the SU(3)
x SU(2) x U(1) gauge interactions of chiral quark and lepton superfields, and
of two doublet Higgs superfields responsible for the electroweak breaking and
the generation of quark and lepton masses. The original continuous R-invariance
was then abandoned in favor of its discrete version, R-parity -- reexpressed as
(-1)^2S (-1)^(3B+L) -- so that the gravitino and gluinos can acquire masses. We
also comment about supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168210 </DOCNO>
Should PT symmetric quantum mechanics be interpreted as nonlinear?


  PT symmetric quantum mechanics admits non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real
spectra but, as long as the evolution is pseudo-unitary, the probabilistic
interpretation of wave functions is lost. We offer an effective Hermitization
of the theory using the Feshbach-type elimination of ghosts. The
energy-dependence of the resulting Hermitian effective Hamiltonians $H_{eff}$
is a nonlinearity which, in a strong-coupling regime, explains the spontaneous
PT symmetry breaking and the simultaneous loss of the Hermiticity of $H_{eff}$
while the pseudo-unitary evolution law persists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96573 </DOCNO>
Expansive subdynamics for algebraic $Z^d$-actions


  A general framework for investigating topological actions of $Z^d$ on compact
metric spaces was proposed by Boyle and Lind in terms of expansive behavior
along lower-dimensional subspaces of $R^d$. Here we completely describe this
expansive behavior for the class of algebraic $Z^d$-actions given by commuting
automorphisms of compact abelian groups. The description uses the logarithmic
image of an algebraic variety together with a directional version of Noetherian
modules over the ring of Laurent polynomials in several commuting variables.
  We introduce two notions of rank for topological $Z^d$-actions, and for
algebraic $Z^d$-actions describe how they are related to each other and to
Krull dimension. For a linear subspace of $R^d$ we define the group of points
homoclinic to zero along the subspace, and prove that this group is constant
within an expansive component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41592 </DOCNO>
Study of CP-violating asymmetries in B^0 --> pi^+pi^-, K^+pi^- decays


  We present a measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in
neutral B decays to the $\pi^+\pi^-$ CP eigenstate, and an updated measurement
of the charge asymmetry in $B^0\to K^+\pi^-$ decays. In a sample of 33 million
$\Upsilon(4S)\to B\bar B$ decays collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC
PEP-II asymmetric $B$ Factory, we find $65^{+12}_{-11}$ $\pi^+\pi^-$ and
$217\pm 18$ $K^+\pi^-$ candidates and measure the asymmetry parameters
$S_{\pi\pi} = 0.03^{+0.53}_{-0.56}\pm 0.11$, $C_{\pi\pi} =
-0.25^{+0.45}_{-0.47}\pm 0.14$, and ${\cal A}_{K\pi} = -0.07 \pm 0.08 \pm
0.02$, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98220 </DOCNO>
An elementary construction of lowering and raising operators for the


  Quantum Calogero-Sutherland model of $A_n$ type is completely integrable.
Using this fact, we give an elementary construction of lowering an raising
operators for the trigonometric case. This is similar, but more complicated
(due to the fact that the energy spectrum is not equidistant) than the
construction for the rational case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83576 </DOCNO>
Factored Notation for Interval I/O


  This note addresses the input and output of intervals in the sense of
interval arithmetic and interval constraints. The most obvious, and so far most
widely used notation, for intervals has drawbacks that we remedy with a new
notation that we propose to call factored notation. It is more compact and
allows one to find a good trade-off between interval width and ease of reading.
We describe how such a trade-off can be based on the information yield (in the
sense of information theory) of the last decimal shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150174 </DOCNO>
Expanded Strings in the Background of NS5-branes via a M2-brane, a


  Classical configurations of a M2-brane, a D2-brane and D0-branes are
investigated in the background of an infinite array of M5-branes or NS5-branes.
On the M2-brane, we discuss three kinds of configurations, such as a sphere, a
cylinder and a torus-like one. These are stabilized by virtue of the background
fluxes of M5-branes. The torus-like M2-brane configuration has winding and
momentum numbers of 11th direction, and in terms of the type IIA superstring
theory, this corresponds to a torus-like D2-brane with electric and magnetic
fluxes on it. We also reproduce the same configuration from a non-abelian
Born-Infeld action for D0-branes. It will be a construction of closed strings
from D0-branes. An electric flux quantization condition on the D2-brane is also
discussed in terms of D0-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 479 </DOCNO>
Nanoscale anisotropic structural correlations in the paramagnetic and


  We report x-ray scattering studies of short-range structural correlations and
diffuse scattering in Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3. On cooling, this material undergoes a
series of transitions, first from a paramagnetic insulating (PI) to a
ferromagnetic metallic (FM) phase, and then to a charge-ordered (CO) insulating
state. Highly anisotropic structural correlations were found in both the PI and
FM states. The correlations increase with decreasing temperature, reaching a
maximum at the CO transition temperature. Below this temperature, they abruptly
collapsed. Single-polaron diffuse scattering was also observed in both the PI
and FM states suggesting that substantial local lattice distortions are present
in these phases. We argue that our measurements indicate that nanoscale regions
exhibiting layered orbital order exist in the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic
phases of Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86800 </DOCNO>
Semi-classical States in the Context of Constrained Systems


  Algebraic quantization scheme has been proposed as an extension of the Dirac
quantization scheme for constrained systems. Semi-classical states for
constrained systems is also an independent and important issue, particularly in
the context of quantum geometry. In this work we explore this issue within the
framework of algebraic quantization scheme by means of simple explicit
examples. We obtain semi-classical states as suitable coherent states a la
Perelomov. Remarks on possible generalizations are also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2720 </DOCNO>
Quantum critical points with the Coulomb interaction and the dynamical


  A general scenario that leads to Coulomb quantum criticality with the
dynamical critical exponent z=1 is proposed. I point out that the long-range
Coulomb interaction and quenched disorder have competing effects on z, and that
the balance between the two may lead to charged quantum critical points at
which z=1 exactly. This is illustrated with the calculation for the Josephson
junction array Hamiltonian in dimensions D=3-\epsilon. Precisely in D=3,
however, the above simple result breaks down, and z>1. Relation to other
theoretical studies is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76396 </DOCNO>
Correlations between <pT> and jet multiplicities from the BFKL chain


  Strong correlations between the number of emitted jets and their average
transverse momentum are found for the events resulting from the exchange of a
single BFKL pomeron. transverse momentum are found for the events resulting
from the exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5028 </DOCNO>
Doped Manganites Beyond Conventional Double-Exchange Model


  The problem of adequate electronic model for doped manganites like
La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_3 remains controversial. In such a situation we argue a
necessity to discuss all possible candidate states with different valent
structure of manganese and oxygen atoms, as well as different valent states of
octahedral MnO_{6} centers. In frames of quantum-chemical approach, crystal
field and the ligand field models we address different types of MnO_6 centers,
different types of d-d, and charge transfer transitions. We draw special
attention to the so-called charge transfer states related to strong
intra-center charge fluctuations. As we conjecture, namely these could become
active valent states for doped manganites. We discuss some electric and
magnetic properties of the electron MnO_{6}^{10-}, and hole MnO_{6}^{8-}
centers with unconventional ^{6}A_{1g}-{}^{6}T_{1u} and ^{4}A_{2g}-{}^{4}T_{2u}
valent manifolds, respectively. We propose two idealized theoretical models for
hole system in doped manganites with an overall oxygen localization for the
doped holes occupying the non-bonding O2p orbitals, and a doping induced
formation of a system of the electron MnO_{6}^{10-} and hole MnO_{6}^{8-}
centers being equivalent to the electron-hole Bose liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41329 </DOCNO>
Study of $\ep\en$ Collisions in the 1.5-3 Gev C.M. Energy Region Using


  A preliminary analysis of low-energy $\ep\en$ collision data produced via
initial state radiation (ISR) has been performed using 22 $fb^{-1}$ of \babar
\~data. The selection of data samples corresponding to the $\mumu$, $\pipi$,
$\kk$, $p \bar p$, $\kk\pi^0$, 3$\pi$, 4$\pi$, 5$\pi$, 6$\pi$, 7$\pi$ final
states accompanied by the emitted ISR hard photon has been demonstrated. The
invariant mass of the hadronic final state defines the effective collision c.m.
energy, and so \babar ISR data can be compared to the relevant direct $\ep\en$
measurements. The resulting distributions are already competitive with DCI and
ADONE data in the 1.4-3.0 GeV energy range. In particular, they do not suffer
from the relative normalization uncertainties observed for certain reactions
when results from different experiments are combined. Eventually, such data may
be used to measure the energy dependence of R, the ratio of the $\ep\en\to
hadrons$ and $\ep\en\to\mumu$ cross sections, in the low-energy regime where
precise measurements will have an impact on the interpretation of the new
$(g-2)_{\mu}$ measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2397 </DOCNO>
Towards the fabrication of phosphorus qubits for a silicon quantum


  The quest to build a quantum computer has been inspired by the recognition of
the formidable computational power such a device could offer. In particular
silicon-based proposals, using the nuclear or electron spin of dopants as
qubits, are attractive due to the long spin relaxation times involved, their
scalability, and the ease of integration with existing silicon technology.
Fabrication of such devices however requires atomic scale manipulation - an
immense technological challenge. We demonstrate that it is possible to
fabricate an atomically-precise linear array of single phosphorus bearing
molecules on a silicon surface with the required dimensions for the fabrication
of a silicon-based quantum computer. We also discuss strategies for the
encapsulation of these phosphorus atoms by subsequent silicon crystal growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75180 </DOCNO>
Observables and initial conditions for self-similar ellipsoidal flows


  Single-particle spectra and two-particle Bose-Einstein correlation functions
are determined analytically utilizing a self-similar solution of
non-relativistic hydrodynamics for ellipsoidally-symmetric, expanding
fireballs, by assuming that the symmetry axes of the ellipsoids are tilted in
the frame of the observation. The directed, elliptic and third flows are
calculated analytically. The mass dependences of the slope parameters in the
principal directions of the expansion, together with the mass and angular
dependences of the HBT radius parameters, reflect directly the ellipsoidal
properties of the flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96829 </DOCNO>
The Octonions


  The octonions are the largest of the four normed division algebras. While
somewhat neglected due to their nonassociativity, they stand at the crossroads
of many interesting fields of mathematics. Here we describe them and their
relation to Clifford algebras and spinors, Bott periodicity, projective and
Lorentzian geometry, Jordan algebras, and the exceptional Lie groups. We also
touch upon their applications in quantum logic, special relativity and
supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73071 </DOCNO>
Dualising the Dual Standard Model


  We discuss how the dual standard model and the dualised standard model are
complementary theories. That is, how their implications have no overlap, whilst
together they explain most features of the standard model. To illustrate how
these two theories might be combined we consider the dual standard model in a
theta vacuum. Whilst there are issues to be considered, the dual standard model
does then appear to become naturally dualised. This supports an origin of a
dual formulation of the standard model through the properties of SU(5) solitons
in a theta vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4892 </DOCNO>
Cyclotron resonance in antidot arrays


  We study the dynamical properties of an electron gas scattered by
impenetrable antidots in the presence of a strong magnetic field. We find that
the lineshape of the cyclotron resonance is very different from the Lorentzian
and is not characterized by the Drude scattering rate. We show that the
dissipative dynamical response of skipping orbits, $S_c(\omega)$, is broadened
on a scale of the cyclotron frequency $\omega_c$ and has a sharp dip $\propto
|\omega-\omega_c|$. For small antidots, $S_c(\omega)$ is strongly modulated
with a period equal to $\omega_c$ and has sharp square-root singularities for a
series of resonant frequencies. For large antidots, $S_c(\omega)$ has a hard
gap at $\omega<\omega_c$ between two sharp peaks, associated respectively with
edge states and free cyclotron orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 142 </DOCNO>
Phases of a conserved mass model of aggregation with fragmentation at


  To study the effect of quenched disorder in a class of reaction-diffusion
systems, we introduce a conserved mass model of diffusion and aggregation in
which the mass moves as a whole to a nearest neighbour on most sites while it
fragments off as a single monomer (i.e. chips off) from certain fixed sites.
Once the mass leaves any site, it coalesces with the mass present on its
neighbour. We study in detail the effect of a \emph{single} chipping site on
the steady state in arbitrary dimensions, with and without bias. In the
thermodynamic limit, the system can exist in one of the following phases -- (a)
Pinned Aggregate (PA) phase in which an infinite aggregate (with mass
proportional to the volume of the system) appears with probability one at the
chipping site but not in the bulk. (b) Unpinned Aggregate (UA) phase in which
$\emph{both}$ the chipping site and the bulk can support an infinite aggregate
simultaneously. (c) Non Aggregate (NA) phase in which there is no infinite
cluster. Our analytical and numerical studies show that the system exists in
the UA phase in all cases except in $1d$ with bias. In the latter case, there
is a phase transition from the NA phase to the PA phase as density is
increased. A variant of the above aggregation model is also considered in which
total particle number is conserved and chipping occurs at a fixed site, but the
particles do not interact with each other at other sites. This model is solved
exactly by mapping it to a Zero Range Process. With increasing density, it
exhibits a phase transition from the NA phase to the PA phase in all
dimensions, irrespective of bias. Finally, we discuss the likely behaviour of
the system in the presence of extensive disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169322 </DOCNO>
Engineering Thermal Entanglement between Distant Atoms


  We propose a scheme to generate an effective continuous interaction of
arbitrary strength between the internal degrees of freedom of two atoms placed
in distant cavities connected by an optical fiber. The strength depends on the
radiation pressure in the cavities. When the system comes into thermal
equilibrium with its environment (after all dissipation and damping), the
internal states of the distant atoms are entangled. The advantages of the
method are the stability of entanglement in an open system and the
non-requirement of either measurements or the controlled switching of
interactions. The proposed scheme can effectively convert entanglement
distribution networks into spin networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126450 </DOCNO>
The transient X-ray pulsar 4U 0115+63 from quiescence to outburst


  We report on a BeppoSAX observation of the transient X-ray pulsar 4U 0115+63
close to periastron. This led to the discovery of a dramatic luminosity
variation from ~2x10^34 erg/s to ~5x10^36 erg/s (factor ~250) in less than 15
hr. The variation was accompanied by only minor (if any) changes in the emitted
spectrum and pulse fraction. On the contrary an observation near apastron
detected the source in a nearly constant state at a level of ~2x10^33 erg/s.
Direct accretion onto the neutron star surface encounters major difficulties in
explaining the source variability properties. When the different regimes
expected for a rotating magnetic neutron star subject to a variable inflow of
matter from its companion are taken into consideration, the results of BeppoSAX
observations of 4U 0115+63 can be explained naturally. In particular close to
apastron, the regime of centrifugal inhibition of accretion applies, whereas
the dramatic source flux variability observed close to periastron is readily
interpreted as the transition regime between direct neutron star accretion and
the propeller regime. In this centrifugal transition regime small variations of
the mass inflow rate give rise to very large luminosity variations. We present
a simple model for this transition, which we successfully apply to the X-ray
flux and pulse fraction variations measured by BeppoSAX.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179330 </DOCNO>
Spin-vibrational 1+ states in 140Ce


  The properties of collective I^$\Pi$=1+ states in double even semimagic
nucleus 140Ce are investigated in random phase approximation(RPA). The
calculation of the B(M1) strength, elastic gamma-scattering cross section
$\sigma_(gamma)(\omega)$ and gamma-decay width $\Sigma_(gamma)(\omega_i)$ show
that in 140Ce the isovector spin-spin interactions concenrate the main strength
of M1 transition at energy 7.89 MeV where the isovector spin-flip magnetic
resonance may appear. The predisctions are consistent with the observed M1
strength in 140Ce which is seen to be concentrated within a range of about 0.8
MeV centered at an excitation of 7.95 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81417 </DOCNO>
Physics development of web-based tools for use in hardware clusters


  Jefferson Lab and MIT are developing a set of web-based tools within the
Lattice Hadron Physics Collaboration to allow lattice QCD theorists to treat
the computational facilities located at the two sites as a single
meta-facility. The prototype Lattice Portal provides researchers the ability to
submit jobs to the cluster, browse data caches, and transfer files between
cache and off-line storage. The user can view the configuration of the PBS
servers and to monitor both the status of all batch queues as well as the jobs
in each queue. Work is starting on expanding the present system to include job
submissions at the meta-facility level (shared queue), as well as multi-site
file transfers and enhanced policy-based data management capabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 620 </DOCNO>
Temperature- and magnetic-field-dependent resistivity of MgB2 sintered


  We report the temperature- and magnetic-field-dependent resistivity of MgB2
sintered at high temperature and high pressure condition. The superconducting
transition width for the resistivity measurement was about 0.4 K, and the
low-field magnetization showed a sharp superconducting transition with a
transition width of about 1 K. The resistivity in the normal state roughly
followed T^2 behavior with smaller residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of 3 over
broad temperature region above 100 K rather than reported T^3 behavior with
larger RRR value of ~ 20 in the samples made at lower pressures. Also, the
resistivity did not change appreciably with the applied magnetic field, which
was different from previous report. These differences were discussed with the
microscopic and structural change due to the high-pressure sintering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3467 </DOCNO>
Evidence for internal field in graphite: A conduction electron spin


  We report conduction electron spin resonance measurements performed on highly
oriented pyrolitic graphite samples between 10 K and 300 K using S (f = 4 GHz),
X (f = 9.4 GHz), and Q (f = 34.4 GHz) microwave bands for the external
dc-magnetic field applied parallel (H || c) and perpendicular (H perp c) to the
sample hexagonal c-axis. The results obtained in the H || c geometry are
interpreted in terms of the presence of an effective internal
ferromagnetic-like field Heff-int(T,H) that increases as the temperature
decreases and the applied dc-magnetic field increases. We associate the
occurrence of the Heff-int(T,H) with the field-induced metal-insulator
transition in graphite and discuss its origin in the light of relevant
theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75113 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Lattice QCD with Wilson Fermions at Strong Coupling


  Hamiltonian lattice QCD with Wilson fermions is investigated systematically
by strong-coupling expansion up to the second order. The effective Hamiltonian
is diagonalized by Bogoliubov transformation. The vacuum energy, chiral
condensate, pseudo-scalar and vector meson masses are calculated. The
comparison with the unitary transformation method by Luo and Chen is also made.
The method discussed in this paper has potential application to QCD at finite
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75779 </DOCNO>
Positivity constraints on photon structure functions


  We investigate the positivity constraints for the structure functions of both
virtual and real photon. From the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality we derive three
positivity conditions for the general virtual photon case, which reduce, in the
real photon case, to one condition relating the polarized and unpolarized
structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41099 </DOCNO>
Real and Virtual Photon Structure at HERA


  The structure of real and virtual photons has been studied in ep collisions
at HERA using dijet production. Measurements of differential dijet cross
sections as function of the fraction of photon's momentum invested in the dijet
system are presented. The dependence of the cross sections on the virtuality of
the photon and mean transverse energy squared of the two leading jets has been
investigated. QCD calculations based on current parametrizations of the real
and virtual photon parton distribution functions have been compared to the
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83680 </DOCNO>
Computing Functional and Relational Box Consistency by Structured


  Box consistency has been observed to yield exponentially better performance
than chaotic constraint propagation in the interval constraint system obtained
by decomposing the original expression into primitive constraints. The claim
was made that the improvement is due to avoiding decomposition. In this paper
we argue that the improvement is due to replacing chaotic iteration by a more
structured alternative.
  To this end we distinguish the existing notion of box consistency from
relational box consistency. We show that from a computational point of view it
is important to maintain the functional structure in constraint systems that
are associated with a system of equations. So far, it has only been considered
computationally important that constraint propagation be fair. With the
additional structure of functional constraint systems, one can define and
implement computationally effective, structured, truncated constraint
propagations. The existing algorithm for box consistency is one such. Our
results suggest that there are others worth investigating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148658 </DOCNO>
Localized gravity and mass hierarchy in D=6 with the Gauss-Bonnet term


  We obtain the localized gravity on the intersection of two orthogonal 
non-solitonic or solitonic 4-branes in D=6 in the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet
term. The tension of the intersection is allowed to exist unlike the case
without the Gauss-Bonnet term. We show that gravity could be confined to the
solitonic 4-branes for a particular choice of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. If the
extra dimensions are compactified with the $T^2/(Z_2\times Z_2)$ orbifold
symmetry, the mass hierarchy between the Planck scale and the weak scale can be
explained by putting our universe at the TeV intersection of positive tension
located at the orbifold fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77138 </DOCNO>
Searching for Quantum Solitons in a 3+1 Dimensional Chiral Yukawa Model


  We search for static solitons stabilized by heavy fermions in a 3+1
dimensional Yukawa model. We compute the renormalized energy functional,
including the exact one-loop quantum corrections, and perform a variational
search for configurations that minimize the energy for a fixed fermion number.
We compute the quantum corrections using a phase shift parameterization, in
which we renormalize by identifying orders of the Born series with
corresponding Feynman diagrams. For higher-order terms in the Born series, we
develop a simplified calculational method. When applicable, we use the
derivative expansion to check our results. We observe marginally bound
configurations at large Yukawa coupling, and discuss their interpretation as
soliton solutions subject to general limitations of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96416 </DOCNO>
Irreducible representations of Upq[gl(2/2)]


  The two-parametric quantum superalgebra $U_{pq}[gl(2/2)]$ and its
representations are considered. All finite-dimensional irreducible
representations of this quantum superalgebra can be constructed and classified
into typical and nontypical ones according to a proposition proved in the
present paper. This proposition is a nontrivial deformation from the one for
the classical superalgebra gl(2/2), unlike the case of one-parametric
deformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81230 </DOCNO>
Gribov Copies and Gauge Fixing in Lattice Gauge Theories


  We address the problem of the gauge fixing versus Gribov copies in lattice
gauge theories. For the Landau gauge, results show that a suitable combination
of evolutionary algorithms with traditional steepest descent methods identifies
the global maximum of the optimisation function. We discuss the performance of
the combined algorithm on small cubic lattices for SU(2) and SU(3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2229 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical magnetotransport in a random array of antidots


  We study theoretically the magnetoresistance $\rho_{xx}(B)$ of a
two-dimensional electron gas scattered by a random ensemble of impenetrable
discs in the presence of a long-range correlated random potential. We believe
that this model describes a high-mobility semiconductor heterostructure with a
random array of antidots. We show that the interplay of scattering by the two
types of disorder generates new behavior of $\rho_{xx}(B)$ which is absent for
only one kind of disorder. We demonstrate that even a weak long-range disorder
becomes important with increasing $B$. In particular, although $\rho_{xx}(B)$
vanishes in the limit of large $B$ when only one type of disorder is present,
we show that it keeps growing with increasing $B$ in the antidot array in the
presence of smooth disorder. The reversal of the behavior of $\rho_{xx}(B)$ is
due to a mutual destruction of the quasiclassical localization induced by a
strong magnetic field: specifically, the adiabatic localization in the
long-range Gaussian disorder is washed out by the scattering on hard discs,
whereas the adiabatic drift and related percolation of cyclotron orbits
destroys the localization in the dilute system of hard discs. For intermediate
magnetic fields in a dilute antidot array, we show the existence of a strong
negative magnetoresistance, which leads to a nonmonotonic dependence of
$\rho_{xx}(B)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75132 </DOCNO>
Heavy-light current correlators at order $\alpha_s^2$ in QCD and HQET


  The non-diagonal correlators of vector and scalar currents are considered at
three-loop order in QCD. The full mass dependence is computed in the case where
one of the quarks is massless and the other one carries mass $M$. We exploit
the decoupling relations between the full theory and the heavy quark effective
theory (HQET) in order to obtain the logarithmic parts of the leading threshold
terms. With the help of conformal mapping and Pad\'e approximation numerical
estimates for the non-logarithmic terms are extracted which in turn lead to a
prediction of the correlator in HQET at order $\alpha_s^2$. As applications of
the vector and scalar correlator we consider the single-top-quark production
via the process $q\bar{q}\to t\bar{b}$ and the decay rate of a charged Higgs
boson into hadrons, respectively. In both cases the computed NLO corrections
are shown to be numerically much less important than the leading ones. On the
contrary, the NLO order QCD corrections to the HQET sum rule for the leptonic
decay rate of a heavy-light meson proves to be comparable to the leading one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7512 </DOCNO>
Enhancing Tc in field-doped Fullerenes by applying uniaxial stress


  Capitalizing on the two-dimensional nature of superconductivity in
field-effect doped C60, we show that it should be possible to increase the
transition temperature Tc by applying uniaxial stress perpendicular to the gate
electrode. This method not only holds the promise of substantially enhancing Tc
(by about 30 K per GPa), but also provides a sensitive check of the current
understanding of superconductivity in the doped Fullerenes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123978 </DOCNO>
Non-linear fluid dynamics of eccentric discs


  A new theory of eccentric accretion discs is presented. Starting from the
basic fluid-dynamical equations in three dimensions, I derive the fundamental
set of one-dimensional equations that describe how the mass, angular momentum
and eccentricity vector of a thin disc evolve as a result of internal stresses
and external forcing. The analysis is asymptotically exact in the limit of a
thin disc, and allows for slowly varying eccentricities of arbitrary magnitude.
The theory is worked out in detail for a Maxwellian viscoelastic model of the
turbulent stress in an accretion disc. This generalizes the conventional alpha
viscosity model to account for the non-zero relaxation time of the turbulence,
and is physically motivated by a consideration of the nature of
magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. It is confirmed that circular discs are
typically viscously unstable to eccentric perturbations, as found by
Lyubarskij, Postnov & Prokhorov, if the conventional alpha viscosity model is
adopted. However, the instability can usually be suppressed by introducing a
sufficient relaxation time and/or bulk viscosity. It is then shown that an
initially uniformly eccentric disc does not retain its eccentricity as had been
suggested by previous analyses. The evolutionary equations should be useful in
many applications, including understanding the origin of planetary
eccentricities and testing theories of quasi-periodic oscillations in X-ray
binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97142 </DOCNO>
On m-quasiinvariants of Coxeter groups


  Let W be a finite Coxeter group in a Euclidean vector space V, and m a
W-invariant Z_+-valued function on the set of reflections in W. Chalyh and
Veselov introduced in an interesting algebra Q_m, called the algebra of
m-quasiinvariants for W. This is the algebra of quantum integrals of the
rational Calogero-Moser system with coupling constants m. In a recent paper
math-ph/0105014, Feigin and Veselov proposed a number of interesting
conjectures concerning the structure of Q_m, and verified them for dihedral
groups and constant functions m. Our goal is to prove some of these conjectures
in the general case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98650 </DOCNO>
Reidemeister torsion in symplectic Floer theory and counting


  Consider the Floer complex of a symplectomorphism $f$ of a sympletic manifold
$M$. I define an $I_F$ invariant of the symplectomorphism $f$ by combining the
Reidemeister torsion of this Floer complex and a "zeta function" that counts
$f$-twisted pseudo-holomorphic tori in $M$. $I_F$ is invariant under
hamiltonian isotopies of $f$, and under more restrictive conditions (e.g. when
$M$ is monotone), it is actually invariant under general symplectic isotopies.
This in particular shows that when $f$ is sympletic isotopic to the identity,
$I_F$ is equivalent to the Milnor torsion of $M$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1940 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of a single semiconductor quantum dot at negative and


  We study optically single self-assembled quantum dots embedded within the
wide quantum well of a mixed type quantum structure. We compare the steady
state and pulsed photoluminescence spectra of these dots to those of previously
studied "regular" dots. We unambiguously identify experimentally emission from
various discrete charge state of the dots. We provide means for optically tune
the charge state of the dot, both negatively and positively. Our observations
are used to accurately determine the asymmetry between the quantum dots'
confined electron and hole envelope wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3860 </DOCNO>
Stationary states of Bose-Einstein condensates in single- and multi-well


  The stationary solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation can be divided in
two classes: those which reduce, in the limit of vanishing nonlinearity, to the
eigenfunctions of the associated Schr\"odinger equation and those which do not
have linear counterpart. Analytical and numerical results support an existence
condition for the solutions of the first class in terms of the ratio between
their proper frequency and the corresponding linear eigenvalue. For
one-dimensional confined systems, we show that solutions without linear
counterpart do exist in presence of a multi-well external potential. These
solutions, which in the limit of strong nonlinearity have the form of chains of
dark or bright solitons located near the extrema of the potential, represent
macroscopically excited states of a Bose-Einstein condensate and are in
principle experimentally observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81121 </DOCNO>
Domain wall fermion and chiral gauge theories on the lattice with exact


  We discuss how to construct anomaly-free chiral gauge theories on the lattice
with exact gauge invariance in the framework of domain wall fermion. Chiral
gauge coupling is realized by introducing a five-dimensional gauge field which
interpolates between two different four-dimensional gauge fields at boundaries.
The five-dimensional dependence is compensated by a local and gauge-invariant
counter term. The cohomology problem to obtain the counter term is formulated
in 5+1 dimensional space, using the Chern-Simons current induced from the
five-dimensional Wilson fermion. We clarify the connection to the invariant
construction based on the Ginsparg-Wilson relation using overlap Dirac
operator. Formula for the measure and the effective action of Weyl fermions are
obtained in terms of five-dimensional lattice quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1974 </DOCNO>
Sine-Gordon theory for the equation of state of classical hard-core


  We present an exact field theoretical representation of the statistical
mechanics of classical hard-core Coulomb systems. This approach generalizes the
usual sine-Gordon theory valid for point-like charges or lattice systems to
continuous Coulomb fluids with additional short-range interactions. This
formalism is applied to derive the equation of state of the restricted
primitive model of electrolytes in the low fugacity regime up to order
$\rho^{5/2}$ ($\rho$ number density). We recover the results obtained by Haga
by means of Mayer graphs expansions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148592 </DOCNO>
More About Partition Function of Open Bosonic String in Background


  We refine the relation between the renormalized partition function of the
open bosonic string in background fields and the effective action. In the
process, we get some leading derivative corrections to the Born-Infeld action
which include all powers of the gauge field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124660 </DOCNO>
Atomic Physics with the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph on the


  We analyzed high resolution spectra of interstellar neutral carbon absorption
toward $\lambda$ Ori, 1 Sco, and $\delta$ Sco that were obtained with the
Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. Several
multiplets were detected within the wavelength interval 1150 to 1200 A, where
most neutral carbon lines have ill-defined oscillator strength; multiplets at
longer wavelengths with well-defined atomic parameters were also seen. We
extracted accurate column densities and Doppler parameters from lines with
precise laboratory-based f-values. These column densities and b-values were
used to obtain a self-consistent set of f-values for all the observed neutral
carbon lines. For many of the lines with wavelength below 1200 A, the derived
f-values differ appreciably from the values quoted in the compilation by Morton
(1991). The present set of f-values extends and in some cases supersedes those
given in Zsargo et al. (1997), which were based on lower resolution data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148365 </DOCNO>
Antisymmetric Tensor Fields in the Locally Localized Gravity Models


  We study the localization property of antisymmetric tensor fields in the
locally localized gravity models. It is shown that all the antisymmetric tensor
fields, including the vector field, in a bulk space-time are trapped on an
$AdS$ brane by a gravitational interaction where the presence of the brane
cosmological constant plays an important role as in the cases of the other bulk
fields. The normalized zero-modes spread rather widely in extra space so small
extra dimensions might be needed in order not to conflict with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2796 </DOCNO>
Dissolution in a field


  We study the dissolution of a solid by continuous injection of reactive
``acid'' particles at a single point, with the reactive particles undergoing
biased diffusion in the dissolved region. When acid encounters the substrate
material, both an acid particle and a unit of the material disappear. We find
that the lengths of the dissolved cavity parallel and perpendicular to the bias
grow as t^{2/(d+1)} and t^{1/(d+1)}, respectively, in d-dimensions, while the
number of reactive particles within the cavity grows as t^{2/(d+1)}. We also
obtain the exact density profile of the reactive particles and the relation
between this profile and the motion of the dissolution boundary. The extension
to variable acid strength is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114029 </DOCNO>
Superradiance in volume diffraction grating


  Volume Free Electron Laser (VFEL) was proposed in [1-4]. It can operate in
the wide spectral range from microwaves to X-rays. To simulate the processes
which take place in VFEL the superradiance from a short electron pulse moving
in a volume diffraction grating is studied in wavelength range ~4 mm. It is
supposed that Bragg condition for emitted photons is fulfilled and dynamical
diffraction takes place. The spectral-angular distributions for transmitted
and diffracted waves are derived. It is shown that the optimal geometry of
diffraction exists and is determined by the energy and transverse size of
electron beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1145 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Two Time Scales and Violation of the


  In cond-mat/0002074 Ricci-Tersenghi et al. find two linear regimes in the
fluctuation-dissipation relation between density-density correlations and
associated responses of the Frustrated Ising Lattice Gas. Here we show that
this result does not seem to correspond to the equilibrium quantities of the
model, by measuring the overlap distribution P(q) of the density and comparing
the FDR expected on the ground of the P(q) with the one measured in the
off-equilibrium experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113739 </DOCNO>
A Relativistic Gravitational Model Based on an Atom's Behavior in a


  A simple general relativity theory for objects moving in gravitational fields
is developed based on studying the behavior of an atom in a gravitational
field. The theory is applied to calculate the satellite time dilation, light
deflection by the sun, and Mercury's precession with an error of less than 1%.
The approach to the new theory introduced here is radically different from the
geometric approach used by Einstein's general relativity. The theory is field
based where the potential energy of a system of masses can be easily calculated
and the force can be found as the gradient of the potential field in analogy to
the Newtonian mechanics. The resulting field equations become the traditional
Newton's equations when week gravitational effects are present. The theory
complies with all the known experimental results such as the gravitational time
dilation and faster light speeds higher in the gravitational field. The special
relativity theory of an object moving without experiencing gravitational fields
can be derived directly from the gravitational field equations introduced here.
The theory introduced here has crucial differences to Einstein's general
relativity theory. For example, the gravitational field cannot accelerate an
object to higher than the speed of light and the event horizon of a black hole
(where light cannot escape) has to be of zero radius, essentially meaning that
light can escape any object unless the object has infinite density. Another
primary consequence of this study is that the principle of equivalence of
gravitational and inertial mass has only limited validity and a new definition
of gravitational mass is given here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128031 </DOCNO>
A new calibration of the RGB Tip as a Standard Candle


  We have obtained an accurate estimate of the absolute I magnitude of the Tip
of the Red Giant Branch (M_I(TRGB)) for the globular cluster Omega Cen, based
{\em (a)} on the largest photometric database ever assembled for a globular, by
Pancino et al. (2000), and {\em (b)} on a direct distance estimate for \omen,
recently obtained by Thompson et al.(2001) from a detached eclipsing binary.
The derived value M_I(TRGB) = -4.04\pm 0.12 provides, at present, the most
accurate empirical zero-point for the calibration of the \mtip -- [Fe/H]
relation, at [Fe/H] ~ -1.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76914 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear QCD Evolution: Saturation without Unitarization


  We consider the perturbative description of saturation based on the nonlinear
QCD evolution equation of Balitsky and Kovchegov (BK). Although the nonlinear
corrections lead to saturation of the scattering amplitude locally in impact
parameter space, we show that they do not unitarize the total cross section.
The total cross section for the scattering of a strongly interacting probe on a
hadronic target is found to grow exponentially with rapidity. The origin of
this violation of unitarity is the presence of long range Coulomb fields away
from the saturation region. The growth of these fields with rapidity is not
tempered by the nonlinearity of the BK equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126874 </DOCNO>
The Effects of a Stellar Encounter on a Planetesimal Disk


  We investigate the effects of a passing stellar encounter on a planetesimal
disk through analytical calculations and numerical simulations, and derive the
boundary radius ($a_{\rm planet}$) outside which planet formation is inhibited
by disruptive collisions with high relative velocities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6576 </DOCNO>
Solution of the multi-reggeon compound state problem in multi-colour QCD


  We study the properties of the colour-singlet compound states of reggeized
gluons in multi-colour QCD using their relation with noncompact Heisenberg spin
magnets. Applying the methods of integrable models, we calculate their spectrum
and discuss the application of the obtained results to high-energy asymptotics
of the scattering amplitudes in perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125505 </DOCNO>
Classification of Power Density Spectrum Features and Estimation of the


  We present a theoretical analysis of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data of Z
source GX 340+0 obtained by Jonker et al. In the frameworks of the recently
formulated the transition layer model the delta-angle is an angle between the
neutron star (NS) magnetospheric axis and the disk (presumably NS rotational)
axis.We determine the angle delta=6^o.3+/- 0.^o 3 which is a combination of the
simultaneously observed kHz QPO and HBO frequencies. While these three
frequencies change by a factor of three or more their delta-combination stays
almost constant. GX 340+0 is the fourth source (in addition to 4U 0614+09, Sco
X-1 and 4U 1702-42) for which delta-angle has been determined. With at most one
(constrained) parameter we make a complete classification of six observed power
spectral features, including the two kHz frequencies, the first and second
harmonics of the HBO frequency, low-frequency noise component and break
frequencies. We demonstrate that a new component discovered by Jonker et al. in
the GX 340+0 power spectrum is related to the viscous frequency branch which
has been, in fact reported earlier in 4U 1728-34 by Ford and van der Klis
(1998). Finally, we re-classify several previously misidentified features in
the power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87302 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gauge Theory of Gravity


  The quantum gravity is formulated based on principle of local gauge
invariance. The model discussed in this paper has local gravitational gauge
symmetry and gravitational field is represented by gauge field. In leading
order approximation, it gives out classical Newton's theory of gravity. It can
also give out Einstein's field equation with cosmological constant. For
classical tests, it gives out the same theoretical predictions as those of
general relativity. This quantum gauge theory of gravity is a renormalizable
quantum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124320 </DOCNO>
10^20 eV Cosmic Ray and Particle Physics with IceCube


  We show that a kilometer-scale neutrino observatory, though optimized for
detecting neutrinos of TeV to PeV energy, can reveal the science associated
with the enigmatic super-EeV radiation in the Universe. Speculations regarding
its origin include heavy relics from the early Universe, particle interactions
associated with the Greisen cutoff, and topological defects which are remnant
cosmic structures associated with phase transitions in grand unified gauge
theories. We show that it is a misconception that new instruments optimized to
EeV energy can exclusively do this important science. Because kilometer-scale
neutrino telescopes such as IceCube can reject the atmospheric neutrino
background by identifying the very high energy of the signal events, they have
sensitivity over the full solid angle, including the horizon where most of the
signal is concentrated. This is critical because upgoing neutrino-induced
muons, considered in previous calculations, are absorbed by the Earth. Previous
calculations have underestimated the event rates of IceCube for EeV signals by
over one order of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76124 </DOCNO>
Penguins in B decays


  We report on recent progress in studying two aspects of $B$ physics, in which
penguin amplitudes play an important role: (1) Bounds on penguin pollution in
$B^0(t) \to \pi^+\pi^-$ constraining CKM parameters, and a lower bound on $B^0
\to \pi^0\pi^0$ improving precision in $\sin 2\alpha$. (2) A suggestion for
measuring the photon polarization in electroweak penguin decay, $B \to
K_1(1400)\gamma$, providing a precision test of the Standard Model and a probe
for new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2918 </DOCNO>
A New Method of Probing the Phonon Mechanism in Superconductors


  Weak localization has a strong influence on both the normal and
superconducting properties of metals. In particular, since weak localization
leads to the decoupling of electrons and phonons, the temperature dependence of
resistance (i.e., $\lambda_{tr}$) is decreasing with increasing disorder, as
manifested by Mooij's empirical rule. In addition, Testardi's universal
correlation of $T_{c}$ (i.e., $\lambda$) and the resistance ratio (i.e.,
$\lambda_{tr}$) follows. This understanding provides a new means to probe the
phonon mechanism in superconductors including MgB$_{2}$. The merits of
this method are its applicability to any superconductors and its reliability
because the McMillan's electron-phonon coupling constant $\lambda$ and
$\lambda_{tr}$ change in a broad range, from finite values to zero, due to weak
localization. Karkin et al's preliminary data of irradiated MgB$_{2}$ show
the Testardi correlation, indicating that the dominant pairing mechanism in
MgB$_{2}$ is the phonon-mediated interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77002 </DOCNO>
Polarization Phenomena in Fragmentation of Deuterons to Pions and


  The fragmentation of deuterons into pions emitted forward in the kinematic
region forbidden for free nucleon-nucleon collisions is analyzed. It is shown
that the inclusion of the non-nucleon degrees of freedom in a deuteron allows
to describe the experimental data about inclusive pion spectrum rather
satisfactory and improves the description of data concerning the deuteron
analyzing power T_{20}. The experimental data show the positive sign and very
small values, less than 0.2, of T_{20} what can't be reproduced by the
calculations ignoring these degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95474 </DOCNO>
Resolutions by mapping cones


  In this paper we study resolutions which arise as iterated mapping cones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97666 </DOCNO>
Three dimensional quadratic algebras: Some realizations and


  Four classes of three dimensional quadratic algebras of the type $\lsb Q_0 ,
Q_\pm \rsb$ $=$ $\pm Q_\pm$, $\lsb Q_+ , Q_- \rsb$ $=$ $aQ_0^2 + bQ_0 + c$,
where $(a,b,c)$ are constants or central elements of the algebra, are
constructed using a generalization of the well known two-mode bosonic
realizations of $su(2)$ and $su(1,1)$. The resulting matrix representations and
single variable differential operator realizations are obtained. Some remarks
on the mathematical and physical relevance of such algebras are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85997 </DOCNO>
Coincidence of the Universe Description Stemming from D-branes Theory


  The contribution provides a comparison of consequences stemming from D-brane
theories and Expansive Nondecelerative Universe model, and calls attention to
coincidence of the results arising from the mentioned approaches to a
description of the Universe. It follows from the comparison that the effects of
quantum gravitation should appear at the energy near to 2 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4024 </DOCNO>
Environment induced localization and superselection rules in a gas of


  We propose a model to describe a gas of pyramidal molecules interacting via
dipole-dipole interactions. A cooperative effect induced by the interaction
modifies the tunneling properties between the classical equilibrium
configurations of the single molecule. The model suggests that, for
sufficiently high gas density, the molecules become localized in these
classical configurations. On this basis it is possible to explain the shift and
the disappearance of the inversion line observed upon increase of the pressure
in a gas of ammonia or deuterated ammonia. The same mechanism also accounts for
the presence of stable optical activity of certain pyramidal molecules. We
discuss the concept of environment induced superselection rule which has been
invoked in connection with this problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149286 </DOCNO>
High temperature asymptotics of thermodynamic functions of


  The high temperature asymptotics of thermodynamic functions of
electromagnetic field subjected to boundary conditions with spherical and
cylindrical symmetries are constructed by making use of a general expansion in
terms of heat kernel coefficients and the related determinant. For this, some
new heat kernel coefficients and determinants had to be calculated for the
boundary conditions under consideration. The obtained results reproduce all the
asymptotics derived by other methods in the problems at hand and involve a few
new terms in the high temperature expansions. An obvious merit of this approach
is its universality and applicability to any boundary value problem correctly
formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123565 </DOCNO>
Measuring Feedback in Damped Lyman Alpha Systems


  We measure feedback (heating rates) in damped Lyman alpha systems from the
cooling rate of the neutral gas. Since cooling occurs through [C II] 158 micron
emission, we infer cooling from C II^{*} 1335.7 absorption lines detected with
HIRES on the Keck I telescope. The inferred heating rates are about 30 times
lower than for the Galaxy ISM. At z = 2.8, the implied star formation rate per
unit area is 10^{-2.4+-0.3} solar masses per kpc^{2} per year, and the the star
formation rate per unit comoving volume is 10^{-0.8+-0.2} solar masses per
Mpc^{3} per year. This is the first measurement of star formation rates in
objects likely to be the progenitors of current galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86381 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking, Non-minimal Coupling, and Cosmological


  Treating the gravitational field as a dynamical field, we study the
spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by a scalar field under its
self-interaction and non-minimal interaction with gravity in four dimensional
space-time. In particular, we explore the feasibility of inducing spontaneous
symmetry breaking after introducing the non-minimal coupling, and discuss
briefly the cosmological constant problem corresponding to the phase transition
associated with the spontaneous symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126114 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Aspects of the s- and n-Processes in Massive Stars


  In order to study the processes creating intermediate and heavy nuclei in
massive stars it is necessary to provide neutron capture cross sections and
reaction rates close to stability and for moderately unstable neutron-rich
nuclei. Furthermore, one has to know the efficiency of neutron-releasing
reactions in the main evolutionary phases of a massive star. We present
simulations of the nucleosynthesis in a 15 and 25 solar mass star, for the
first time followed completely from main sequence hydrogen burning until the
type II supernova explosion including all nuclides up to Bi. Theoretical
reaction rates were calculated with the NON-SMOKER code, providing a complete
library of Hauser-Feshbach cross sections and rates for nuclear and
astrophysical applications. Experimental rates at stability were taken from
different sources. The impact of uncertainties in the rates on nucleosynthesis
are illustrated by two examples, the reactions 62Ni(n,gamma)63Ni and
22Ne(alpha,n)25Mg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3966 </DOCNO>
Scaling fields in the two-dimensional abelian sandpile model


  We consider the isotropic two-dimensional abelian sandpile model from a
perspective based on two-dimensional (conformal) field theory. We compute
lattice correlation functions for various cluster variables (at and off
criticality), from which we infer the field-theoretic description in the
scaling limit. We find a perfect agreement with the predictions of a c=-2
conformal field theory and its massive perturbation, thereby providing direct
evidence for conformal invariance and more generally for a description in terms
of a local field theory. The question of the height 2 variable is also
addressed, with however no definite conclusion yet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72665 </DOCNO>
Use of Lambda_b Polarimetry in Top Quark Spin-Correlation Functions


  Due to the absence of hadronization effects and the large top mass, top quark
decay will be uniquely sensitive to fundamental electroweak physics at the
Tevatron, at the LHC, and at a future linear collider. A complete measurement
of the four helicity amplitudes in top decay is possible by the combined use of
Lambda_b and W polarimetry in stage-two spin-correlation functions (S2SC). In
this paper, the most general Lorentz-invariant decay density matrix is obtained
for the decay sequence (t --> W b) where (b --> l nu c) and (W --> l nu), and
likewise for the CP-conjugate mode. These density matrices are expressed in
terms of b-polarimetry helicity parameters which enable a unique determination
of the relative phases among the helicity amplitudes. Thereby, S2SC
distributions and single-sided b-W-interference distributions are expressed in
terms of these parameters. The four b-polarimetry helicity parameters involving
the A(-1,-1/2) amplitude are considered in detail. Lambda_b polarimetry
signatures will not be suppressed in top quark analyses when the final
neutrino's angles-and-energy variables are used for (b --> l nu c).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1879 </DOCNO>
Millisecond Electron-Phonon Relaxation in Ultrathin Disordered Metal


  We have measured directly the thermal conductance between electrons and
phonons in ultra-thin Hf and Ti films at millikelvin temperatures. The
experimental data indicate that electron-phonon coupling in these films is
significantly suppressed by disorder. The electron cooling time $\tau_\epsilon$
follows the $T^{-4}$-dependence with a record-long value $\tau_\epsilon=25ms$
at $T=0.04K$. The hot-electron detectors of far-infrared radiation, fabricated
from such films, are expected to have a very high sensitivity. The noise
equivalent power of a detector with the area $1\mum^2$ would be
$(2-3)10^{-20}W/Hz^{1/2}$, which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that
of the state-of-the-art bolometers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98755 </DOCNO>
Symplectically harmonic cohomology of nilmanifolds


  This paper can be considered as an extension to our paper [On symplectically
harmonic forms on six-dimensional nilmanifolds, Comment. Math. Helv. 76 (2001),
n 1, 89-109]. Also, it contains a brief survey of recent results on
symplectically harmonic cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149648 </DOCNO>
Comment on 'Another form of the Klein-Gordon equation'


  It is shown that the alternative Klein-Gordon equation with positive definite
probability density proposed in a letter by M.D. Kostin does not meet the
requirements of relativistic (quantum) field theory and therefore does not
allow for a meaningful physical interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41324 </DOCNO>
Detection of phi --> eta' photon, phi --> eta photon in pi+ pi- three


  KLOE has collected about 30 pb^-1 in year 2000 at the DAFNE collider, which
yields the largest population of phi meson radiative decays studied so far. We
present the result obtained for phi-->eta photon and phi -->eta' photon: the
ratio of these two BR's has been measured to be (5.3 +- 0.5 +- 0.3) times
10^-3, leading to a very accurate determination of the mixing angle in the
flavor basis (40 +1.7 -1.5 degrees) and to the most accurate determination of
BR(phi -->eta' photon) to date: (6.8 +- 0.6 +-0.5) times 10^-5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73016 </DOCNO>
Top-Bottom Color and Weak Doublets Seesaw


  A brief overview of some of the last decade's developments in the
Top-mode/Topcolor class of models is presented. In addition, a new Topcolor
type scenario, named Top-Bottom Color, is suggested. A seesaw mechanism with
new weak doublet quarks has been introduced to lower the previous theoretical
prediction for the large top quark mass; without a seesaw mechanism and with a
low scale of Nambu - Jona-Lasinio triggering interactions, the top quark mass
was predicted to be \textit{O}(500GeV). In Top-Bottom Color an effective,
composite two Higgs doublet model is obtained where the third generation
isospin splitting is introduced via tilting interactions related to the broken
non-abelian gauge groups (i.e. without strong, triviality-sensitive U(1)
groups). To complete discussion a few notes on the fine tuning related to the
bottom quark mass are appended in an \textit{addendum}. A generic problem
(\textit{Why does the top Yukawa coupling equal one?}) of the Top-mode/Topcolor
class of models is pointed out as well. Furthermore, previous work on the third
generation seesaw mechanism with weak doublet quarks and dynamical top mass
production in the Topcolor spirit is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74227 </DOCNO>
Slavnov-Taylor identity for nonequilibrium quark-gluon plasma


  Within the closed-time-path formalism of nonequilibrium QCD, we derive a
Slavnov-Taylor (ST) identity for the gluon polarization tensor. The ST identity
takes the same form both in Coulomb and covariant gauges. Application to
quasi-uniform quark-gluon plasma (QGP) near equilibrium or nonequilibrium
quasistationary QGP is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95551 </DOCNO>
Performance evaluation of modulation methods: a combinatorial approach


  This paper is devoted to the presentation of a combinatorial approach for
analyzing the performance of an important modulation protocol used in mobile
telecommunications. We show in particular that a fundamental formula, in this
context, is in fact highly connected with a slight modification of a very
classical algorithm of Knuth that realizes a bijection between pairs of Young
tableaux of conjugated shapes and $\{0,1\}$-matrices. These new considerations
allowed us to obtain the very first results with respect to important
specializations (for practical applications) of the performance analysis
formula that we studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72557 </DOCNO>
The fluxes of sub--cutoff particles detected by AMS, the cosmic ray


  New measurements of the cosmic ray fluxes (p, e+, e- and Helium) performed by
the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) during a ten days flight of space shuttle
have revealed the existence of significant fluxes of particles below the
geomagnetic cutoff. These fluxes exhibit a number of remarkable properties,
such as a He-3/He-4 ratio of order ~10, an e+/e- ratio of order ~4 and
production from well defined regions of the Earth that are distinct for
positively and negatively charged particles. In this work we show that the
natural hypothesis, that these subcutoff particles are generated as secondary
products of primary cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere can reproduce all
the observed properties. We also discuss the implications of the subcutoff
fluxes for the estimate of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes, and find that they
represent a negligibly small correction. On the other hand the AMS results give
important confirmations about the assumption of isotropy for the interplanetary
cosmic ray fluxes also on large angular scales, and on the validity of the
geomagnetic effects that are important elements for the prediction of the
atmospheric neutrino fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5608 </DOCNO>
Correlation energy and spin polarization in the 2D electron gas


  The ground state energy of the two--dimensional uniform electron gas has been
calculated with fixed--node diffusion Monte Carlo, including backflow
correlations, for a wide range of electron densities as a function of spin
polarization. We give a simple analytic representation of the correlation
energy which fits the density and polarization dependence of the simulation
data and includes several known high- and low-density limits. This
parametrization provides a reliable local spin density energy functional for
two-dimensional systems and an estimate for the spin susceptibility. Within the
proposed model for the correlation energy, a weakly first--order polarization
transition occurs shortly before Wigner crystallization as the density is
lowered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3468 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram and dependence of the critical temperature T_c on the


  Using a mean-field BCS-like approach on the bidimensional extended Hubbard
Hamiltonian we calculate the superconducting transition temperature Tc as a
function of the hole content nh, for the d-wave and extended-s wave gap
symmetries. To describe the pressure effect on Tc we assume it induces a change
in the magnitude V of the attractive superconductor potential. This assumption
yields an explanation for the intrinsic term, and together with the well known
change in nh, we set the critical temperature as Tc=Tc(nh(P),V(P)). With this
we obtain a general expansion of Tc in terms of the pressure P and the hole
content nh. We apply this expansion to the
Tl_{0.5}Pb_{0.5}Sr_2Ca_{1-x}Y_xCu_2)_7 system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86450 </DOCNO>
Anholonomic Triads and New Classes of (2+1)-Dimensional Black Hole


  We apply the method of moving anholonomic frames in order to construct new
classes of solutions of the Einstein equations on (2+1)-dimensional
pseudo-Riemannian spaces. There are investigated black holes with deformed
horizons and renormalized locally anisotropic constants. We speculate on
properties of such anisotropic black holes with characteristics defined by
anholonomic frames and anisotropic interactions of matter and gravity. The
thermodynamics of locally anisotropic black holes is discussed in connection
with a possible statistical mechanics background based on locally anisotropic
variants of Chern-Simons theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74307 </DOCNO>
Dispersive Techniques for $\alpha_s$, $R_{had}$ and Instability of the


  Recent dispersive techniques developed by us are applied to discuss three
problems: 1. A long standing discrepan-cy between the measurements of $R(s)$
for $\sqrt{s} = (5\div 7.5)GeV$ by Crystal Ball and MARK I has been analyzed
and its consequences analyzed for the number of contributing quarks. 2. Noting
that the perturbative $\alpha_s$ has the wrong analyticity, analytic models
consistent with asymptotic freedom (AF) and confinement have been constructed
and applied to discuss $\tau$ decay. 3. It is shown that AF leads to a wrong
sign for $\im\big(\alpha(s)\big)$ which signals an instability of the
perturbative QCD vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169098 </DOCNO>
Indistinguishability and improper mixtures


  All quantum mixtures are what d'Espagnat has termed "improper." His "proper"
mixture cannot be created -- if welcher weg, or distinguishing, information
exists, an improper mixture results, while in the absence of such information,
the resulting "mixture" is a pure state. D'Espagnat has claimed that an
interpretation of the improper mixture in terms of subensembles leads to
logical inconsistency; this claim is shown to be incorrect, as d'Espagnat's
argument fails to account for the indistinguishability of the pure-state
subensembles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128849 </DOCNO>
The X-ray R Aquarii: A Two-sided Jet and Central Source


  We report Chandra ACIS-S3 x-ray imaging and spectroscopy of the R Aquarii
binary system that show a spatially resolved two-sided jet and an unresolved
central source. This is the first published report of such an x-ray jet seen in
an evolved stellar system comprised of ~2-3 solar masses. At E < 1 keV, the
x-ray jet extends both to the northeast and southwest relative to the central
binary system. At 1 < E < 7.1 keV, R Aqr is a point-like source centered on the
star system. While both 3.5-cm radio continuum emission and x-ray emission
appear coincident in projection and have maximum intensities at ~7.5" northeast
of the central binary system, the next strongest x-ray component is located
\~30" southwest of the central binary system and has no radio continuum
counterpart. The x-ray jets are likely shock heated in the recent past, and are
not in thermal equilibrium. The strongest southwest x-ray jet component may
have been shocked recently since there is no relic radio emission as expected
from an older shock. At the position of the central binary, we detect x-ray
emission below 1.6 keV consistent with blackbody emission at T ~2 x 10^6 K. At
the central star there is also a prominent 6.4 keV feature, a possible
fluorescence or collisionally excited Fe K-alpha line from an accretion disk or
from the wind of the giant star. For this excitation to occur, there must be an
unseen hard source of x-rays or particles in the immediate vicinity of the hot
star. Such a source would be hidden from view by the surrounding edge-on
accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114317 </DOCNO>
Evolution of induced axial magnetization in a two-component magnetized


  In this paper, the evolution of the induced axial magnetization due to the
propagation of an electromagnetic (em) wave along the static background
magnetic field in a two-component plasma has been investigated using the Block
equation. The evolution process induces a strong magnetic anisotropy in the
plasma medium, depending nonlinearly on the incident wave amplitude. This
induced magnetic anisotropy can modify the dispersion relation of the incident
em wave, which has been obtained in this paper. In the low frequency Alfven
wave limit, this dispersion relation shows that the resulting phase velocity of
the incident wave depends on the square of the incident wave amplitude and on
the static background magnetic field of plasma. The analytical results are in
well agreement with the numerically estimated values in solar corona and
sunspots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72516 </DOCNO>
Photonic and Leptonic Rare B Decays


  Some selected topics involving photonic and leptonic rare B decays are
reviewed. The interest in their measurement for the CKM phenomenology is
underlined. They are also potentially interesting in searching for physics
beyond the standard model. This is illustrated on the examples of the decays $B
\to (K,K^*) \ell^+ \ell^-$ and $B \to (\rho, \omega) \gamma$ by contrasting
their anticipated phenomenological profiles in the standard model and some
variants of supersymmetric models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7062 </DOCNO>
Simple Phase Bias for Superconducting Circuits


  A phase-bias tool, based on a trapped fluxoid in a ring, is proposed and
demonstrated. It can provide arbitrary phase values and is simple to fabricate.
The phase bias has been realized in two superconducting quantum interference
devices, where the critical current versus magnetic flux is shown to be shifted
by a \pi/2 and \pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123628 </DOCNO>
Galactic Winds in Irregular Starburst Galaxies


  In this paper we present some results concerning the study of the development
of galactic winds in blue compact galaxies. In particular, we model a situation
very similar to that of the galaxy IZw18, the most metal poor and unevolved
galaxy known locally. To do that we compute the chemo-dynamical evolution of a
galaxy in the case of one istantaneous isolated starburst as well as in the
case of two successive instantaneous starbursts. We show that in both cases a
metal enriched wind develops and that the metals produced by the type Ia SNe
are lost more efficiently than those produced by type II SNe. We also find that
one single burst is able to enrich chemically the surrounding region in few
Myr. Both these results are the effect of the assumed efficiency of energy
transfer from SNe to ISM and to the consideration of type Ia SNe in this kind
of problem. The comparison with observed abundances of IZw18 suggests that this
galaxy is likely to have suffered two bursts in its life, with the previous
being less intense than the last one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1861 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Zipf-Mandelbrot law in quantitative linguistics


  In this paper the Zipf-Mandelbrot law is revisited in the context of
linguistics. Despite its widespread popularity the Zipf--Mandelbrot law can
only describe the statistical behaviour of a rather restricted fraction of the
total number of words contained in some given corpus. In particular, we focus
our attention on the important deviations that become statistically relevant as
larger corpora are considered and that ultimately could be understood as
salient features of the underlying complex process of language generation.
Finally, it is shown that all the different observed regimes can be accurately
encompassed within a single mathematical framework recently introduced by C.
Tsallis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4815 </DOCNO>
Extraordinary Hall effect in hybrid ferromagnetic/superconductor (F/S)


  Extraordinary Hall effect (EHE) in bilayer F/S(N) was investigated
theoretically. The conductivity tensor $\sigma_{\alpha\beta}$ is calculated in
the Kubo formalism with Green functions found as the solutions of the Gorkov
equations. We considered diffuse transport in the ferromagnetic layer, taking
into account as a main mechanism of electron resistivity s-d scattering. In
this model Gorkov equations for s-electrons in the ferromagnetic layer remain
linear and are solved easily. It is shown that Hall field $E^H$ for both F/S
and F/N contacts are step-functions of the coordinate perpendicular to the
planes of the layers and have zero value in S(N) layer. The Andreev reflection
increases the value of Hall constant $R_s$ for F/S case. The value of the Hall
constant is $R_H^{F/S} = R_H^{bulk} (\sigma^{\uparrow} + \sigma^{\downarrow})^2
/ 4 \sigma^{\uparrow}\sigma^{\downarrow}$, where $\sigma^{\uparrow}$ and
$\sigma^{\downarrow}$ are conductivities of electrons with up and down spins,
and $R_H^{bulk}$ is the Hall constant in the bulk ferromagnetic metal. In fact,
$R_H^{F/S}$ coincides with EHE constant of the bilayer of two ferromagnetic
metals with equal thickness and opposite directions of their magnetizations. So
we can make a conclusion, that the ideal interface between ferromagnetic metal
and superconductor may be considered like a mirror with inversion in spin
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99231 </DOCNO>
Inequality for Voiculescu's free entropy in terms of Brown measure


  We study Voiculescu's microstate free entropy for a single non-selfadjoint
random variable. The main result is that certain additional constraints on
eigenvalues of microstates do not change the free entropy. Our tool is the
method of random regularization of Brown measure which was studied recently by
Haagerup and the author. As a simple application we present an upper bound for
the free entropy of a single non--selfadjoint operator in terms of its Brown
measure and the second moment. We furthermore show that this inequality becomes
an equality for a class of DT-operators which was introduced recently by Dykema
and Haagerup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97151 </DOCNO>
Homotopy classes that are trivial mod F


  If F is a collection of topological spaces, then a homotopy class \alpha in
[X,Y] is called F-trivial if \alpha_* = 0: [A,X] --> [A,Y] for all A in F. In
this paper we study the collection Z_F(X,Y) of all F-trivial homotopy classes
in [X,Y] when F = S, the collection of spheres, F = M, the collection of Moore
spaces, and F = \Sigma, the collection of suspensions. Clearly Z_\Sigma (X,Y)
\subset Z_M(X,Y) \subset Z_S(X,Y), and we find examples of finite complexes X
and Y for which these inclusions are strict. We are also interested in Z_F(X) =
Z_F(X,X), which under composition has the structure of a semigroup with zero.
We show that if X is a finite dimensional complex and F = S, M or \Sigma, then
the semigroup Z_F(X) is nilpotent. More precisely, the nilpotency of Z_F(X) is
bounded above by the F-killing length of X, a new numerical invariant which
equals the number of steps it takes to make X contractible by successively
attaching cones on wedges of spaces in F, and this in turn is bounded above by
the F-cone length of X. We then calculate or estimate the nilpotency of Z_F(X)
when F = S, M or \Sigma for the following classes of spaces: (1) projective
spaces (2) certain Lie groups such as SU(n) and Sp(n). The paper concludes with
several open problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168736 </DOCNO>
Martingale Models for Quantum State Reduction


  Stochastic models for quantum state reduction give rise to statistical laws
that are in most respects in agreement with those of quantum measurement
theory. Here we examine the correspondence of the two theories in detail,
making a systematic use of the methods of martingale theory. An analysis is
carried out to determine the magnitude of the fluctuations experienced by the
expectation of the observable during the course of the reduction process and an
upper bound is established for the ensemble average of the greatest
fluctuations incurred. We consider the general projection postulate of L\"uders
applicable in the case of a possibly degenerate eigenvalue spectrum, and derive
this result rigorously from the underlying stochastic dynamics for state
reduction in the case of both a pure and a mixed initial state. We also analyse
the associated Lindblad equation for the evolution of the density matrix, and
obtain an exact time-dependent solution for the state reduction that explicitly
exhibits the transition from a general initial density matrix to the L\"uders
density matrix. Finally, we apply Girsanov's theorem to derive a set of simple
formulae for the dynamics of the state in terms of a family of geometric
Brownian motions, thereby constructing an explicit unravelling of the Lindblad
equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98878 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Two-Level Systems under External Time Dependent Fields


  The dynamics of two-level systems in time-dependent backgrounds is under
consideration. We present some new exact solutions in special backgrounds
decaying in time. On the other hand, following ideas of Feynman, Vernon and
Hellwarth, we discuss in detail the possibility to reduce the quantum dynamics
to a classical Hamiltonian system. This, in particular, opens the possibility
to directly apply powerful methods of classical mechanics (e.g. KAM methods) to
study the quantum system. Following such an approach, we draw conclusions of
relevance for ``quantum chaos'' when the external background is periodic or
quasi-periodic in time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7571 </DOCNO>
Micromagnetism in URu2Si2 and high temperature superconductors


  It has been proposed, that unconventional density waves (UDW) are possible
candidates for systems with hidden order parameter. Unlike in conventional
density waves, no periodic modulation of either the charge-, or the
spin-density is present in UDW, in spite of a clear thermodynamic signal.
Although the unconventional spin density wave (USDW) has been suggested for the
"antiferromagnetic" phase of URu2Si2, the micromagnetism seen by neutron
scattering has not been understood. We present here the calculation of the
local spin density due to impurities in USDW, which describes quantitatively
the neutron scattering data by Amitsuka et.al. Further, we propose that the
pseudogap phase in high temperature superconductors (HTSC) should also be USDW.
Strong evidence for this are the micromagnetism seen by Sidis et.al., and the
optical dichroism seen by Campuzano et.al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4003 </DOCNO>
Confined states in two-dimensional flat elliptic quantum dots and


  The energy spectrum and corresponding wave functions of a flat quantum dot
with elliptic symmetry are obtained exactly. A detailed study is made of the
effect of ellipticity on the energy levels and the corresponding wave
functions. The analytical behavior of the energy levels in certain limiting
cases is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4401 </DOCNO>
Effects of nonlinearity in wave propagation in multicomponent


  We consider a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate in its polar ground state. We
analyze magnetization waves of a finite amplitude and show that their nonlinear
coupling to the density waves change the dependence of the frequency on the
wavenumber dramatically. In contrary, the density wave propagation is much less
modified by the nonlinearity effects. A similar phenomenon in a miscible
two-component condensate is studied, too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168837 </DOCNO>
New Invariants and Separability Criterion of the Mixed States:


  We introduce algebraic sets in the products of complex projective spaces for
the mixed states in multipartite quantum systems as their invariants under
local unitary operations. The algebraic sets have to be the union of the linear
subspaces if the state is separable. Some examples are studied based on our
criterion

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126358 </DOCNO>
Spatially Resolved STIS Spectroscopy of alpha Orionis: Evidence for


  Four spatially resolved near-UV raster scans across the chromospheric disk of
alpha Ori, obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble
Space Telescope, reveal mean chromospheric infall from 1998 January to 1998
April, which reversed to upflow in deeper layers between 1998 September and
1999 March. In 1998 September we detect systematic reversals in the component
maxima of four double-peaked emission lines of Si I (UV 1), Fe II (UV 36), Fe
II (UV 61), and Al II] (UV 1), when scanning across the UV disk. Detailed
modeling of the Si I lambda 2516 resonance line with radiative transport
calculations in spherical geometry constrain the mean radial velocity structure
in the projected slit area (25 by 100 mas) for different aperture positions,
observed off-limb to 157.5 mas. Hence we determine with semi-empirical models
that these spatial reversals of emission line components correspond with
average opposite flow velocities of ~2 km/s across the chromospheric disk. We
determine that the chromospheric velocity field can not be represented by a
unique radial velocity structure across the stellar disk in order to match the
observed peak ratios of this raster scan. These sub-sonic velocities indicate
(local) non-radial movements of chromospheric fluid in confined regions during
a chromospheric oscillation phase, which reverses from global contraction into
expansion over this monitoring period of 15 months.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5274 </DOCNO>
Randomly dilute Ising model: A nonperturbative approach


  The N-vector cubic model relevant, among others, to the physics of the
randomly dilute Ising model is analyzed in arbitrary dimension by means of an
exact renormalization-group equation. This study provides a unified picture of
its critical physics between two and four dimensions. We give the critical
exponents for the three-dimensional randomly dilute Ising model which are in
good agreement with experimental and numerical data. The relevance of the cubic
anisotropy in the O(N) model is also treated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179641 </DOCNO>
Probing of nucleon mesonic structure by means of quasi-elastic knock-out


  The momentum distributions of pions and $\rho$-mesons in the nucleon are
extracted from experiment. Perspectives of the quark microscopic theory of
mesonic cloud are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4592 </DOCNO>
Spin dynamics of Sr_14Cu_24O_41 two-leg ladder studied by Raman


  The two-magnon (2M) excitation at 3000 cm-1 in Sr_14Cu_24O_41 two-leg ladder
is studied by Raman scattering. A slight anisotropy of the superexchange
coupling J_{\perp}/J_{||} \approx 0.8 with J_{||} = 110 \pm 20 meV is proposed
from the analysis of the magnetic scattering. The resonant coupling across the
charge transfer gap increases the 2M intensity by orders of magnitude. The
anisotropy of Raman scattering is dependent upon the excitation energy. The 2M
relaxation is found to be correlated with the temperature dependent electronic
Raman continuum at low frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123343 </DOCNO>
Dark energy and the epoch of galaxy formation


  The influence of a dark component on the first epoch of galaxy formation is
analysed by using the ages of the three oldest high-redshift galaxies known in
the literature. Our results, based on a spatially flat accelerated Universe
driven by a "quintessence" component ($p_x = \omega\rho_x$), show that if the
inferred ages of these objects are correct the first formation era is pushed
back to extremely high redshifts. For the present best-fit quintessence model
($\Omega_{x}= 0.7$, $\omega < -0.6$), we find a lower bound of $z_f \geq 7.7$,
whereas in the extreme case of $\Lambda$CDM model ($\omega = -1$) the limit is
slightly smaller ($z_f \geq 5.8$). The case for open cold dark matter models
(OCDM) has also been discussed. For $\Omega_m \simeq 0.3$, the formation
redshift is restricted by $z_f \geq 18$. As a general result, if $\Omega_m \geq
0.37$, these galaxies are not formed in FRW cosmologies with no dark energy
since for all these cases $z_f \to \infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5193 </DOCNO>
Hierarchical Self-Programming in Recurrent Neural Networks


  We study self-programming in recurrent neural networks where bothneurons (the
`processors') and synaptic interactions (`theprogramme') evolve in time simul
taneously, according to specific coupled stochastic equations. The interactions
are divided into a hierarchy of $L$ groups with adiabatically separated and
monotonically increasing time-scales, representing sub-routines of the system
programme of decreasing volatility. We solve this model in equilibrium,
assuming ergodicity at every level, and find as our replica-symmetric solution
a formalism with a structure similar but not identical to Parisi's $L$-step
replica symmetry breaking scheme. Apart from differences in details of the
equations (due to the fact that here interactions, rather than spins, are
grouped into clusters with different time-scales), in the present model the
block sizes $m_i$ of the emerging ultrametric solution are not restricted to
the interval $[0,1]$, but are independent control parameters, defined in terms
of the noise strengths of the various levels in the hierarchy, which can take
any value in $[0,\infty\ket$. This is shown to lead to extremely rich phase
diagrams, with an abundance of first-order transitions especially when the
level of stochasticity in the interaction dynamics is chosen to be low.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1592 </DOCNO>
Transport theory for a two-flavor color superconductor


  QCD with two light quark flavors at high baryonic density and low temperature
is a color superconductor. The diquark condensate partially breaks the SU(3)
gauge symmetry down to an SU(2) subgroup. We study thermal fluctuations of the
superconductor for temperatures below the gap. These are described by a simple
transport equation, linked to a quasiparticle behavior of the thermal
excitations of the condensate. When solved in the collisionless limit and close
to equilibrium, it gives rise to the ``hard superconducting loop'' (HSL)
effective theory for the unbroken SU(2) gauge fields with momenta smaller than
the gap. This theory describes Debye screening and Landau damping of the gauge
fields in the presence of the diquark condensate. We also explain how our
effective theory follows to one-loop order from quantum field theory. Our
approach provides a convenient starting point for the computation of transport
coefficients of the two-flavor color superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129344 </DOCNO>
Hiccups in the night: X-ray monitoring of the two Crab-like LMC pulsars


  We are undertaking an extensive X-ray monitoring campaign of the two
Crab-like pulsars in the Large Magellanic Clouds, PSR B0540-69 and PSR
J0537-6910. We present our current phase-connected timing analysis derived from
a set of 50 pointed X-ray observations spanning several years. From our initial
1.2 yr monitoring program of the young 50 ms pulsar PSR B0540-69, we find the
first compelling evidence for a glitch in its rotation. This glitch is
characterized by dv / v = 1.90 +/- 0.05 X 10E-9 and $dvdot/ vdot = (8.5 +/- 0.5
X 10E-5. Taking into account the glitch event, we derive a braking index of n =
1.81 +/- 0.07, significantly lower than previous reported. For the 16 ms
pulsar, PSR J0537-6910, we recorded 6 large glitch events during a period of
nearly 3 years, the highest rate of all known Crab-like systems. Despite the
extreme timing activity, the long term spin-down of this pulsar continues to
average -1.9743 X 10E-10 Hz/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169120 </DOCNO>
Diffraction of complex molecules by structures made of light


  We demonstrate that structures made of light can be used to coherently
control the motion of complex molecules. In particular, we show diffraction of
the fullerenes C60 and C70 at a thin grating based on a standing light wave. We
prove experimentally that the principles of this effect, well known from atom
optics, can be successfully extended to massive and large molecules which are
internally in a thermodynamic mixed state and which do not exhibit narrow
optical resonances. Our results will be important for the observation of
quantum interference with even larger and more complex objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86707 </DOCNO>
Equations for Complex-Valued, Twisting, Type N, Vacuum Solutions, with


  HH-spaces, i.e., complex spacetimes, of Petrov type NxN are determined by a
trio of pde's for two functions, lambda and a, of three independent variables
(and also two gauge functions, chosen to be two of the independent variables if
one prefers). As in common integrable systems, these form a second order,
linear system for lambda; howver, here the integrability conditions, involving
a, are more complicated than is common. Therefore, with the hope of finding new
solutions, these equations are now constrained to also admit both one and two
homothetic or Killing vectors. The case with one Killing and one homothetic
vector reduces these equations to two ode's for two unknown functions of the
one remaining variable.
  In addition, we also describe in detail the explicit forms of the metric,
tetrad, connections, and curvature for twisting HH-spaces of Petrov type NxN,
modulo the determining equations. This simplifies considerably the process of
obtaining these details cleanly from earlier articles on the subject, thus
simplifying access to the research area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179384 </DOCNO>
Restoration of broken symmetries in Self-Consistent RPA


  It is shown that the Self-Consistent RPA (SCRPA) approach allows in a very
natural way to restore symmetries, spontaneously broken on the mean field
level. This is achieved via the introduction of a second Lagrange multiplier
which constrains the variance of the symmetry operator to zero. This important
feature of SCRPA, here pointed out for the first time, is illustrated employing
a simplified model of the nuclear superfluidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2728 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic transition in a double-exchange system containing


  We study ferromagnetic transition in three-dimensional double-exchange model
containing impurities. The influence of both spin fluctuations and impurity
potential on conduction electrons is described in coherent potential
approximation. In the framework of thermodynamic approach we construct Landau
functional for the system "electrons (in disordered environment) + core spins".
Analysing the Landau functional we calculate the temperature of ferromagnetic
transition $T_C$ and paramagnetic susceptibility $\chi$. For $T_C$, we thus
extend the result obtained by Furukawa in the framework of the Dynamical Mean
Field Approximation, with which our result coincides in the limit of zero
inpurity potential. We find, that the alloy disorder, able to produce a gap in
density of electron states, can substantially decrease $T_C$ with respect to
the case of no impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113877 </DOCNO>
Gravitation and Electromagnetism


  The realms of gravitation, belonging to Classical Physics, and
Electromagnetism, belonging to the Theory of the Electron and Quantum Mechanics
have remained apart as two separate pillars, inspite of a century of effort by
Physicists to reconcile them. In this paper it is argued that if we extend
ideas of
  Classical spacetime to include in addition to non integrability non
commutavity also, then such a reconcilation is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149353 </DOCNO>
A non-rational CFT with c=1 as a limit of minimal models


  We investigate the limit of minimal model conformal field theories where the
central charge approaches one. We conjecture that this limit is described by a
non-rational CFT of central charge one. The limiting theory is different from
the free boson but bears some resemblance to Liouville theory. Explicit
expressions for the three point functions of bulk fields are presented, as well
as a set of conformal boundary states. We provide analytic and numerical
arguments in support of the claim that this data forms a consistent CFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74579 </DOCNO>
Parton Distribution of Proton in a Simple Statistical Model


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. due fail of replacement of the
paper. new version is hep-ph/0201214.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1928 </DOCNO>
Measuring preferential attachment for evolving networks


  A key ingredient of current models proposed to capture the topological
evolution of complex networks is the hypothesis that highly connected nodes
increase their connectivity faster than their less connected peers, a
phenomenon called preferential attachment. Measurements on four networks,
namely the science citation network, Internet, actor collaboration and science
coauthorship network indicate that the rate at which nodes acquire links
depends on the node's degree, offering direct quantitative support for the
presence of preferential attachment. We find that for the first two systems the
attachment rate depends linearly on the node degree, while for the latter two
the dependence follows a sublinear power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74685 </DOCNO>
Supergravity, Non-Conformal Field Theories and Brane-Worlds


  We consider the supergravity dual descriptions of non-conformal super
Yang-Mills theories realized on the world-volume of Dp-branes. We use the dual
description to compute stress-energy tensor and current correlators. We apply
the results to the study of dilatonic brane-worlds described by non-conformal
field theories coupled to gravity. We find that brane-worlds based on D4 and D5
branes exhibit a localization of gauge and gravitational fields. We calculate
the corrections to the Newton and Coulomb laws in these theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 901 </DOCNO>
Floating of critical states and the QH to insulator transition


  The transition from the quantum Hall state to the insulator is considered for
non-interacting electrons in a two-dimensional disordered lattice model with
perpendicular magnetic field. Using correlated random disorder potentials the
floating up of the critical states can be observed in a similar way as in the
continuum model. Thus, the peculiar behaviour of the lattice models reported
previously originates in the special choice of uncorrelated random disorder
potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124460 </DOCNO>
G-band Spectral Synthesis in Solar Magnetic Concentrations


  Narrow band imaging in the G-band is commonly used to trace the small
magnetic field concentrations of the Sun, although the mechanism that makes
them bright has remained unclear. We carry out LTE syntheses of the G-band in
an assorted set of semi-empirical model magnetic concentrations. The syntheses
include all CH lines as well as the main atomic lines within the band-pass. The
model atmospheres produce bright G-band spectra having many properties in
common with the observed G-band bright points. In particular, the contrast
referred to the quiet Sun is about twice the contrast in continuum wavelengths.
The agreement with observations does not depend on the specificities of the
model atmosphere, rather it holds from single fluxtubes to MIcro-Structured
Magnetic Atmospheres. However, the agreement requires that the real G-band
bright points are not spatially resolved, even in the best observations. Since
the predicted G-band intensities exceed by far the observed values, we foresee
a notable increase of contrast of the G-band images upon improvement of the
angular resolution. According to the LTE modeling, the G-band spectrum emerges
from the deep photosphere that produces the continuum. Our syntheses also
predict solar magnetic concentrations showing up in continuum images but not in
the G-band . Finally, we have examined the importance of the CH
photo-dissociation in setting the amount of G-band absorption. It turns out to
play a minor role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75236 </DOCNO>
Non-Equilibrium Large N Yukawa Dynamics: marching through the Landau


  The non-equilibrium dynamics of a Yukawa theory with N fermions coupled to a
scalar field is studied in the large N limit with the goal of comparing the
dynamics predicted from the renormalization group improved effective potential
to that obtained including the fermionic backreaction. The effective potential
is of the Coleman-Weinberg type. Its renormalization group improvement is
unbounded from below and features a Landau pole. When viewed self-consistently,
the initial time singularity does not arise. The different regimes of the
dynamics of the fully renormalized theory are studied both analytically and
numerically. Despite the existence of a Landau pole in the model, the dynamics
of the mean field is smooth as it passes the location of the pole. This is a
consequence of a remarkable cancellation between the effective potential and
the dynamical chiral condensate. The asymptotic evolution is effectively
described by a quartic upright effective potential. In all regimes, profuse
particle production results in the formation of a dense fermionic plasma with
occupation numbers nearly saturated up to a scale of the order of the mean
field. This can be interpreted as a chemical potential. We discuss the
implications of these results for cosmological preheating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168900 </DOCNO>
Existence of the Wigner function with correct marginal distributions


  In order to determine the Wigner function uniquely, we introduce a new
condition which ensures that the Wigner function has correct marginal
distributions along tilted lines. For a system in $N$ dimensional Hilbert
space, whose "phase space" is a lattice with $N^2$ sites, we get different
results depending on whether $N$ is odd or even. Under the new condition, the
Wigner function is determined if $N$ is an odd number, but it does not exist if
$N$ is even.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95485 </DOCNO>
Non-Gibbsianness of the invariant measures of non-reversible cellular


  We present a class of random cellular automata with multiple invariant
measures which are all non-Gibbsian. The automata have configuration space
{0,1}^{Z^d}, with d > 1, and they are noisy versions of automata with the
"eroder property". The noise is totally asymmetric in the sense that it allows
random flippings of "0" into "1" but not the converse. We prove that all
invariant measures assign to the event "a sphere with a large radius L is
filled with ones" a probability \mu_L that is too large for the measure to be
Gibbsian. For example, for the NEC automaton -ln(\mu_L) ~ L while for any Gibbs
measure the corresponding value is ~ L^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123410 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Expanding Superbubbles in a Galaxy at z=0.7443


  The intervening z=0.7443 Mg II absorption system in the spectrum of MC
1331+170 shows an unusual series of line pairs, each with velocity separations
of 30 km/s. These lines could be explained as the shells of expanding
superbubbles residing in the outer regions of an edge-on spiral galaxy visible
in the optical image of the MC 1331+170 field. The color and brightness of this
galaxy make it the most likely candidate z=0.7443 absorber, though two other
galaxies in the quasar field could also be contributing to the Mg II absorption
profile. Kinematic models of absorption from compact groups and galaxy pairs
produce profiles largely inconsistent with the observed Mg II spectrum.
Superbubbles would naturally generate more regular structures such as those
observed. Photoionization models of the superbubble shell are consistent with
the observed profile for many realistic physical conditions. In a pure
superbubble model, the large velocity spread of the Mg II absorption system is
inconsistent with the expected spread of a quiescent, rotating disk. This
requires unusual kinematics within the host galaxy, perhaps due to a recent
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 516 </DOCNO>
Quantum Entanglement and Entropy


  Entanglement is the fundamental quantum property behind the now popular field
of quantum transport of information. This quantum property is incompatible with
the separation of a single system into two uncorrelated subsystems.
Consequently, it does not require the use of an additive form of entropy. We
discuss the problem of the choice of the most convenient entropy indicator,
focusing our attention on a system of 2 qubits, and on a special set, denoted
by $\Im$. This set contains both the maximally and the partially entangled
states that are described by density matrices diagonal in the Bell basis set.
We select this set for the main purpose of making more straightforward our work
of analysis. As a matter of fact, we find that in general the conventional von
Neumann entropy is not a monotonic function of the entanglement strength. This
means that the von Neumann entropy is not a reliable indicator of the departure
from the condition of maximum entanglement. We study the behavior of a form of
non-additive entropy, made popular by the 1988 work by Tsallis. We show that in
the set $\Im$, implying the key condition of non-vanishing entanglement, this
non-additive entropy indicator turns out to be a strictly monotonic function of
the strength of the entanglement, if entropy indexes $q$ larger than a critical
value $Q$ are adopted. We argue that this might be a consequence of the
non-additive nature of the Tsallis entropy, implying that the world is quantum
and that uncorrelated subsystems do not exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73826 </DOCNO>
Quantization of Solitons in Coset Space


  The perturbation theory around the soliton fields of the sin-Gordon model is
developed in the coset space. It is shown by explicit calculations that all
corrections to the topological soliton contribution are canceled exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125821 </DOCNO>
HST Imaging in the Chandra Deep Field South: I. Multiple AGN Populations


  We present preliminary results from imaging three HST/WFPC2 fields in V and I
within the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). HST's sensitivity and resolution
are sufficient to reveal optical counterparts for 24 of the 26 CDFS X-ray
sources detected in the 300 ksec X-ray catalog and to determine the
morphologies of most of these. We find that the X-ray sources comprise two
apparently distinct populations of optical candidates: one optically faint (I >
24) with V - I colors consistent with the I > 24 field population; the other
significantly brighter (I < 22) with colors redder than the I < 22 field
population. More than 2/3 of the X-ray source counterparts are resolved
galaxies. The brighter sources are mostly AGN, based on their high X-ray
luminosity. The optically resolved sources in the brighter population have a
very narrow range of V - I color and appear to be a mix of both late and early
type morphologies at low to moderate redshift. We show that the second
population, with fainter optical counterparts, can be explained as higher
redshift Type 2 AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81155 </DOCNO>
Parallel Supercomputing Pentium Cluster and Performance Test in Lattice


  We describe the construction and configuration of a high performance parallel
computer composed of a cluster of personal computers, as well as its
performance test in lattice QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126825 </DOCNO>
Strong Shocks and Supersonic Winds in Inhomogeneous Media


  Many astrophysical flows occur in inhomogeneous media. The broad-line regions
(BLR) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are one of the important examples where
emission-line clouds interact with the outflow.
  We present results of a numerical study of the interaction of a steady,
planar shock / supersonic postshock flow with a system of embedded cylindrical
clouds in a two-dimensional geometry. Detailed analysis shows that the
interaction of embedded inhomogeneities with the shock / postshock wind depends
primarily on the thickness of the cloud layer and the arrangement of the clouds
in the layer, as opposed to the total cloud mass and the total number of
individual clouds. This allows us to define two classes of cloud distributions:
thin and thick layers. We define the critical cloud separation along the
direction of the flow and perpendicular to it. This definition allows us to
distinguish between the interacting and noninteracting regimes of cloud
evolution. Finally we discuss mass-loading in such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125681 </DOCNO>
Modeling the Dust Shell of V4334 Sgr


  The central star V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Nova) of the planetary nebula PN
G010.4+04.4 underwent in 1995-1996 the rare event of a very late helium flash.
It is only one of two such events during the era of modern astronomy (the
second event was V605 Aql = Nova Aql 1919). All other prominent objects of that
type originate from events several thousands of years ago (e.g. A30, A78).
Hence, only snapshots can be modeled for those objects.
  V4334 Sgr allows for the first time a dynamic consideration of the formation
of the dust shell from the beginning. We present here a model which is able to
describe the complete photometric behavior of the object, including the fine
structure dips of the optical light curve during the first two years of the
mass loss and the dust formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4611 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Time Constant for a Biased Quantum Dot in the Kondo Regime


  It is shown that the rate limiting time constant for the formation of the
Kondo state in a quantum dot can be extracted analytically from known
perturbation theoretic results. The prediction obtained is verified via
numerical simulations in the noncrossing approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6992 </DOCNO>
Josephson Plasma Excitation and Vortex Oscillation Mode in Josephson


  The Josephson plasma resonance has been investigated in
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ single crystals in parallel magnetic fields
to the $ab$-plane. We found two resonance modes; one appears at higher
frequency in high fields above the plasma frequency $\omega_p$ at zero field
and absolute zero, and the other lies below $\omega_p$ and is observed only in
magnetic fields without considerable field dependence. Two resonance lines were
also found in numerical simulations in a single junction model with randomness
of the critical current. The higher frequency mode is attributed to the
Josephson plasma mode modified by the periodic structure of Josephson vortices,
while the lower frequency mode is interpreted as oscillations of Josephson
vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128114 </DOCNO>
Two collaborative experiments in star cluster evolution


  We summarise the specification and some previously unpublished results of the
collaborative experiment (``KyotoI'') that was carried out at the time of the
Kyoto General Assembly of the IAU. As the subject has advanced considerably
since then, and codes have become more elaborate, we describe an agreed
proposal for a new experiment (``KyotoII'').

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6367 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle Electronic structure of Copper in the GW approximation


  We show that the results of photoemission and inverse photoemission
experiments on bulk copper can be quantitatively described within
band-structure theory, with no evidence of effects beyond the
single-quasiparticle approximation. The well known discrepancies between the
experimental bandstructure and the Kohn-Sham eigenvalues of Density Functional
Theory are almost completely corrected by self-energy effects.
Exchange-correlation contributions to the self-energy arising from 3s and 3p
core levels are shown to be crucial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150250 </DOCNO>
Dielectric Fundamental Strings in Matrix String Theory


  Matrix string theory is equivalent to type IIA superstring theory in the
light-cone gauge, together with extra degrees of freedom representing D-brane
states. It is therefore the appropriate framework in which to study systems of
multiple fundamental strings expanding into higher-dimensional D-branes.
Starting from Matrix theory in a weakly curved background, we construct the
linear couplings of closed string fields to type IIA Matrix strings. As a
check, we show that at weak coupling the resulting action reproduces light-cone
gauge string theory in a weakly curved background. Further dualities give a
type IIB Matrix string theory and a type IIA theory of Matrix strings with
winding. We comment on the dielectric effect in each of these theories, giving
some explicit solutions describing fundamental strings expanding into various
Dp-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41042 </DOCNO>
Determination Of The Polarization Vector Of Positrons From The Decay Of


  In the standard model of electroweak interactions the positrons from the
decay of polarized positive muons are mainly longitudinally polarized. The
measurement of the two transverse polarization components PT1 and PT2 is a
sensitive tool to look for contributions from additional, exotic interactions.
The energy dependence of PT1 yields the low energy Michel parameter eta and
thus an improved model-independent value of the Fermi coupling constant. A
non-zero value PT2 would be the first observation of time reversal violation in
a purely leptonic decay. The muon decay experiment at the Paul Scherrer
Institut is the first experiment to measure all three positron polarization
components, PT1, PT2, and the longitudinal polarization component PL. In this
contribution results from a small data-sample taken in 1999 are presented. The
values obtained are PT1 = (5 +- 16)*10^(-3), PT2 = (1 +- 16)*10^(-3), and PL =
1.09 +- 0.15. More than ten times more data was taken in October/November 2000,
the analysis of which will further reduce the statistical errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97441 </DOCNO>
Random Electrical Networks on Complete Graphs II: Proofs


  This paper contains the proofs of Theorems 2 and 3 of the article entitled
Random Electrical Networks on Complete Graphs, written by the same authors and
published in the Journal of the London Mathematical Society, vol. 30 (1984),
pp. 171-192. The current paper was written in 1983 but was not published in a
journal, although its existence was announced in the LMS paper. This TeX
version was created on 9 July 2001. It incorporates minor improvements to
formatting and punctuation, but no change has been made to the mathematics.
 We study the effective electrical resistance of the complete graph $K_{n+2}$
when each edge is allocated a random resistance. These resistances are assumed
independent with distribution $P(R=\infty)=1-n^{-1}\gamma(n)$, $P(R\le x) =
n^{-1}\gamma(n)F(x)$ for $0\le x < \infty$, where $F$ is a fixed distribution
function and $\gamma(n)\to\gamma\ge 0$ as $n\to\infty$. The asymptotic
effective resistance between two chosen vertices is identified in the two cases
$\gamma\le 1$ and $\gamma>1$, and the case $\gamma=\infty$ is considered. The
analysis proceeds via detailed estimates based on the theory of branching
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86533 </DOCNO>
Cosmological perturbations in the bulk and on the brane


  We study cosmological perturbations in a brane-world scenario where the
matter fields live on a four-dimensional brane and gravity propagates in the
five-dimensional bulk. We present the equations of motion in an arbitrary gauge
for metric perturbations in the bulk and matter perturbations on the brane.
Gauge-invariant perturbations are then constructed corresponding to
perturbations in longitudinal and Gaussian normal gauges. Longitudinal gauge
metric perturbations may be directly derived from three master variables
(separately describing scalar, vector and tensor metric perturbations) which
obey five-dimensional wave-equations. Gaussian normal gauge perturbations are
directly related to the induced metric perturbations on the brane with the
additional bulk degrees of freedom interpreted as an effective Weyl
energy-momentum tensor on the brane. We construct gauge-invariant perturbations
describing the effective density, momentum and pressures of this Weyl fluid at
the brane and throughout the bulk. We show that there exist gauge-invariant
curvature perturbations on the brane and in the bulk that are conserved on
large-scales when three-dimensional spatial gradients are negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149983 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Background torsion limits from Lorentz violation


  Cosmological limits on Lorentz invariance breaking in Chern-Simons
$(3+1)-dimensional$ electrodynamics are used to place limits on torsion.
Birefrigence phenomena is discussed by using extending the propagation equation
to Riemann-Cartan spacetimes instead of treating it in purely Riemannian
spaces. The parameter of Lorentz violation is shown to be proportional to the
axial torsion vector which allows us to place a limit on cosmological
background torsion from the Lorentz violation constraint which is given by $
10^{-33} eV <|S^{\mu}| < 10^{-32} eV$ where $|S^{\mu}|$ is the axial torsion
vector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129396 </DOCNO>
Radio-to-FIR Spectral Energy Distribution and Photometric Redshifts for


  As a logical next step in improving the radio-to-submm spectral index as a
redshift indicator (Carilli & Yun 1999), we have investigated a technique of
using the entire radio-to-FIR spectral energy distribution (SED) for deriving
photometric redshifts for dusty starburst galaxies at high redshift. A dusty
starburst SED template is developed from theoretical understanding on various
emission mechanisms related to massive star formation process, and the template
parameters are selected by examining the observed properties of 23 IR selected
starburst galaxies: $T_d=58$ K, $\beta=1.35$, and $f_{nth}=1$. The major
improvement in using this template SED for deriving photometric redshifts is
the significant reduction in redshift uncertainty over the spectral index
technique, particularly at higher redshifts. Intrinsic dispersion in the radio
and FIR SEDs as well as absolute calibration and measurement errors contribute
to the overall uncertainty of the technique. The derived photometric redshifts
for five submm galaxies with known redshifts agree well with their
spectroscopic redshifts within the estimated uncertainty. Photometric redshifts
for seven submm galaxies without known spectroscopic redshifts (HDF850.1,
CUDSS14.1, Lockman850.1, SMM J00266+1708, SMM J09429+4658, SMM J14009+0252,
FIRBACK J1608+5418) are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96487 </DOCNO>
On a two-variable zeta function for number fields


  This paper studies a zeta function of two complex variables (w, s) attached
to an algebraic number field K, introduced by van der Geer and Schoof, which is
based on an analogue of the Riemann-Roch theorem for number fields using
Arakelov divisors. We mainly consider the case of the rational field Q, where
for w = 1 one recovers the Riemann zeta function with the factors at infinity
added. The analogue of the Riemann xi-function analytically continues to an
entire function of two complex variables, and satisfies a functional equation
holding w fixed and sending s to w-s. For real w the "critical line" is
therefore Re(s) = w/2. For fixed nonnegative real w the zeros are confined to a
vertical strip in s and have the same asymptotics as zeta zeros.
 For negative real w the function is positive real on the critical line, so has
no zeros there. This phenomonon is associated to a positive convolution
semigroup of infinitely divisible probability distributions, and the Khintchine
canonical measure of this family is explicitly determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169326 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in angular motion


  A theory determining the electric and magnetic properties of vortex states in
Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is presented. The principal ingredient is the
Lagrangian of the system which we derive correct to the first order in the
atomic centre of mass velocity. For the first time using centre of mass
coordinates, a gauge transformation is performed and relevant relativistic
corrections are included. The Lagrangian is symmetric in the electric and
magnetic aspects of the problem and includes two key interaction terms, namely
the Aharanov-Casher and the Roentgen interaction terms. The constitutive
relations, which link the electromagnetic fields to the matter fields via their
electric polarisation and magnetisation, follow from the Lagrangian as well as
the corresponding Hamiltonian. These relations, together with a generalised
Gross-Pitaevskii equation, determine the magnetic (electric) monopole charge
distributions accompanying an order n vortex state when the constituent atoms
are characterised by an electric dipole (magnetic dipole). Field distributions
associated with electric dipole active (magnetic dipole active) BECs in a
vortex state are evaluated for an infinite- and a finite-length cylindrical
BEC. The predictd monopole charge distributions, both electric and magnetic,
automatically satisfy the requirement of global charge neutrality and the
derivations highlight the exact symmetry between the electric and magnetic
properties. Order of magnitude estimates of the effects are given for an atomic
gas BEC, superfluid helium and a spin-polarised hydrogen BEC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 898 </DOCNO>
Quantum-field-theoretical techniques for stochastic representation of


  We describe quantum-field-theoretical (QFT) techniques for mapping quantum
problems onto c-number stochastic problems. This approach yields results which
are identical to phase-space techniques [C.W. Gardiner, {\em Quantum Noise}
(1991)] when the latter result in a Fokker-Planck equation for a corresponding
pseudo-probability distribution. If phase-space techniques do not result in a
Fokker-Planck equation and hence fail to produce a stochastic representation,
the QFT techniques nevertheless yield stochastic difference equations in
discretised time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129278 </DOCNO>
High-Energy Gamma Rays from Neutron Stars in Supernova Remnants: From


  At least three pulsars in supernova remnants were detected at E > 100 MeV by
EGRET on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. Efforts to search for additional
pulsars in the EGRET data have been unsuccessful due to limited statistics. An
example is the recently-discovered radio pulsar J2229+6114, where efforts to
search the EGRET data using several different methods failed to find
significant evidence of pulsation. The GLAST Large Area Telescope (LAT) will
have a much greater effective area and a narrower point-spread function than
EGRET. In addition, the field of view will be more than 4 times larger than
EGRET's, and the LAT will scan to avoid occultation by the earth, increasing by
a large factor the total number of photons detected. The greater rates of
photons from pulsar candidates and better discrimination of diffuse
interstellar emission will enhance the sensitivity of pulsation searches. These
improvements also offer the prospect of resolving point sources from extended
emission in some SNR to define the nature of the associations of EGRET sources
with SNR. Further, work with the GLAST LAT will benefit from ongoing
multiwavelength studies (e.g., for RX 1836.2+5925) that provide specific
candidate targets for gamma-ray studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148727 </DOCNO>
Comments on the Energy-Momentum Tensor in Non-Commutative Field Theories


  In a non-commutative field theory, the energy-momentum tensor obtained from
the Noether method needs not be symmetric; in a massless theory, it needs not
be traceless either. In a non-commutative scalar field theory, the method
yields a locally conserved yet non-symmetric energy-momentum tensor whose trace
does not vanish for massless fields. A non-symmetric tensor also governs the
response of the action to a general coordinate transformation. In
non-commutative gauge theory, if translations are suitably combined with gauge
transformations, the method yields a covariantly constant tensor which is
symmetric but only gauge covariant. Using suitable Wilson functionals, this can
be improved to yield a locally conserved and gauge invariant, albeit
non-symmetric, energy-momentum tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4087 </DOCNO>
Renormalization group and 1/N expansion for 3-dimensional


  A renormalization-group scheme is developed for the 3-dimensional
O($2N$)-symmetric Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson model, which is consistent with the
use of a 1/N expansion as a systematic method of approximation. It is motivated
by an application to the critical properties of superconductors, reported in a
separate paper. Within this scheme, the infrared stable fixed point controlling
critical behaviour appears at $z=0$, where $z=\lambda^{-1}$ is the inverse of
the quartic coupling constant, and an efficient renormalization procedure
consists in the minimal subtraction of ultraviolet divergences at $z=0$. This
scheme is implemented at next-to-leading order, and the standard results for
critical exponents calculated by other means are recovered. An apparently novel
result of this non-perturbative method of approximation is that corrections to
scaling (or confluent singularities) do not, as in perturbative analyses,
appear as simple power series in the variable $y=zt^{\omega\nu}$. At least in
three dimensions, the power series are modified by powers of $\ln y$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96442 </DOCNO>
Interpolation of subspaces and applications to exponential bases in


  We give precise conditions under which the real interpolation space
[Y_0,X_1]_{s,p} coincides with a closed subspace of the corresponding
interpolation space [X_0,X_1]_{s,p} when Y_0 is a closed subspace of X_0 of
codimension one. This result is applied to study the basis properties of
nonharmonic Fourier series in Sobolev spaces H^s on an interval when 0<s<1. The
main result: let E be a family of exponentials exp(i \lambda_n t) and E forms
an unconditional basis in L^2 on an interval. Then there exist two number s_0,
s_1 such that E forms an unconditional basis in H^s for s<s_0, E forms an
unconditional basis in its span with codimension 1 in H^s for s_1<s. For s in
[s_0,s_1] the exponential family is not an unconditional basis in its span.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113959 </DOCNO>
Kinetics of Combustion in the Layered Ni-Al System


  Theoretical analysis and experimental results on the combustion in the Ni-Al
layered system are presented. Combustion wave temperature and velocity were
measured and microstructural and compositional determinations were made. The
latter were made on products of complete combustion and on quenched samples
using metallographic and electron microprobe analyses. The dependence of
temperature in the reaction zone on the degree of conversion was calculated
from equations of chemical kinetics and heat balance. The reaction was found to
involve two stages: one proceeding in the liquid phase and the other in the
solid phase. The former determines the combustion velocity, while the latter
determines the adiabatic combustion temperature. The rate of heat release in
the bulk and the combustion velocity were calculated with the assumption that
the reaction is controlled by the dissolution of solid Ni in liquid Al. The
experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41709 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Flavoured Jets at HERA


  Heavy-flavoured jets have been studied in photoproduction at HERA. This
includes the first measurement of dijet angular distributions in D*
photoproduction and the ratio of the vector/(vector + pseudoscalar) production
rate for charm mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126417 </DOCNO>
High-Energy Neutrino Production through Photopion Processes in Blazars


  The measured spectral energy distribution and variability time scale are used
to determine the radiation and magnetic-field energy densities in the
relativistic plasma that forms the gamma-ray emitting jet in the blazar 3C 279.
Assuming that protons are accelerated as efficiently as electrons to a maximum
energy determined by the size and magnetic field of the emitting region, we
calculate the emissivity of neutrinos produced by protons that interact with
the external radiation field intercepted by the jet. The external radiation
field provides the most important target photons for photomeson production of
high-energy neutrinos in flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). Because of
photomeson interactions with this field, km^2 neutrino telescopes are predicted
to detect > 0.1-1 neutrinos per year from blazars such as 3C 279. BL Lac
objects are weaker neutrino sources if, as widely thought, their gamma-ray
emission is due to Compton-scattered synchrotron (SSC) radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77016 </DOCNO>
5D Super Yang-Mills Theory in 4D Superspace, Superfield Brane Operators,


  A manifestly gauge invariant formulation of 5-dimensional supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theories in terms of 4d superfields is derived. It relies on a
supersymmetry and gauge-covariant derivative operator in the $x^5$ direction.
This formulation allows for a systematic study of higher-derivative operators
by combining invariant 4d superfield expressions under the additional
restriction of 5d Lorentz symmetry. In cases where the 5d theory is
compactified on a gauge-symmetry-breaking orbifold, the formalism can be used
for a simple discussion of possible brane operators invariant under the
restricted symmetry of the fixed points. This is particularly relevant to
recently constructed grand unified theories in higher dimensions (orbifold
GUTs). Several applications, including proton decay operators and
brane-localized mass terms, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5433 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric unimodal maps at the edge of chaos


  We numerically investigate the sensitivity to initial conditions of
asymmetric unimodal maps $x_{t+1} = 1-a|x_t|^{z_i}$ ($i=1,2$ correspond to
$x_t>0$ and $x_t<0$ respectively, $z_i >1$, $0<a\leq 2$, $t=0,1,2,...$) at the
edge of chaos. We employ three distinct algorithms to characterize the
power-law sensitivity to initial conditions at the edge of chaos, namely:
direct measure of the divergence of initially nearby trajectories, the
computation of the rate of increase of generalized nonextensive entropies $S_q$
and multifractal analysis. The first two methods provide consistent estimates
for the exponent governing the power-law sensitivity. In addition to this, we
verify that the multifractal analysis does not provide precise estimates of the
singularity spectrum $f(\alpha)$, specially near its extremal points. Such
feature prevents to perform a fine check of the accuracy of the scaling
relation between $f(\alpha)$ and the entropic index $q$, thus restricting the
applicability of the multifractal analysis for studing the sensitivity to
initial conditions in this class of asymmetric maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148466 </DOCNO>
The lagrangian description of representations of the Poincare group


  The construction of lagrangians describing the various representations of the
Poincare group is given in terms of the BRST approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86491 </DOCNO>
Cosmology of the Planck Era from a Renormalization Group for Quantum


  Homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies of the Planck era before the classical
Einstein equations become valid are studied taking quantum gravitational
effects into account. The cosmological evolution equations are renormalization
group improved by including the scale dependence of Newton's constant and of
the cosmological constant as it is given by the flow equation of the effective
average action for gravity. It is argued that the Planck regime can be treated
reliably in this framework because gravity is found to become asymptotically
free at short distances. The epoch immediately after the initial singularity of
the Universe is described by an attractor solution of the improved equations
which is a direct manifestation of an ultraviolet attractive renormalization
group fixed point. It is shown that quantum gravity effects in the very early
Universe might provide a resolution to the horizon and flatness problem of
standard cosmology, and could generate a scale-free spectrum of primordial
density fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127725 </DOCNO>
Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxy Formation


  The formation of supermassive black holes (SMBH) is intimately related to
galaxy formation, although precisely how remains a mystery. I speculate that
formation of, and feedback from, SMBH may alleviate problems that have arisen
in our understanding of the cores of dark halos of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128211 </DOCNO>
Low-frequency Carbon Recombination Lines towards HI self-absorption


  A survey of radio recombination lines (RLs) in the Galactic plane ($l = $
332\deg $\to$ 89\deg) near 327 MHz made using the Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT)
has detected carbon RLs from all the positions in the longitude range 0\deg $<
l < $ 20\deg and from a few positions at other longitudes. The carbon RLs
detected in this survey originate from ``diffuse'' \CII regions. Comparison of
the \lv diagram and the radial distribution of carbon line emission with those
obtained from hydrogen RLs near 3 cm from \HII regions and ``intense'' \CO
emission indicates that the distribution of the diffuse \CII regions in the
inner Galaxy is similar to that of spiral arm components. Towards several
observed positions, the central velocities of the carbon RLs coincide with \HI
self-absorption features suggesting an association of diffuse \CII regions with
cool \HI. The observed widths of the lines from the two species are, however,
different. We discuss possible reasons for the difference in the line widths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127626 </DOCNO>
A Possible Massive Asteroid Belt Around zeta Lep


  We have used the Keck I telescope to image at 11.7 microns and 17.9 microns
the dust emission around zeta Lep, a main sequence A-type star at 21.5 pc from
the Sun with an infrared excess. The excess is at most marginally resolved at
17.9 microns. The dust distance from the star is probably less than or equal to
6 AU, although some dust may extend to 9 AU. The mass of observed dust is
\~10^22 g. Since the lifetime of dust particles is about 10,000 years because of
the Poytning-Robertson effect, we robustly estimate at least 4 10^26 g must
reside in parent bodies which may be asteroids if the system is in a steady
state and has an age of ~300 Myr. This mass is approximately 200 times that
contained within the main asteroid belt in our solar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128309 </DOCNO>
Predictions for the Counts of Faint, High-Redshift Galaxies in the


  Deep mid-infrared (MIR) observations could reveal a population of faint,
high-redshift (z>3) dusty starburst galaxies that are the progenitors of
present-day spheroids or bulges, and are beyond the reach of current
instruments. We utilize a semi-analytic galaxy formation scheme to find an
extreme model for the MIR galaxy counts, designed to maximize the number of
detectable sources down to a flux level of a few nJy. The model incorporates
the formation of heavily dust-enshrouded stellar populations at high redshift,
and is consistent with existing observations, including faint counts at 1.6um
in the NICMOS Hubble Deep Field, and the upper limit on the extragalactic MIR
background from TeV gamma rays. Our models predict upto 0.5 galaxies/sq.arcsec
at the threshold of 100 nJy at 6um, with a comparable or larger surface density
at longer MIR wavelengths. We conclude that a significant new population of
high-redshift galaxies could be detected by the Space Infrared Telescope
Facility (SIRTF) and Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST). Such a population
would constitute background noise for the Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF), and
could necessitate repeat observations: every {\it TPF} resolution element have
a 10 percent chance of being contaminated by a background galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97963 </DOCNO>
A characterization of finite sets that tile the integers


  We consider the problem of characterizing finite sets which tile the integers
by translations. Coven and Meyerowitz (J. Algebra 1999) found necessary and
sufficient conditions for a finite set A to tile the integers under the
assumption that |A| has at most 2 distinct prime factors. The purpose of this
article is to settle, for the first time, certain three-prime cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128516 </DOCNO>
Supernovae and Positron Annihilation


  Radioactive nuclei, especially those created in SN explosion, have long been
suggested to be important contributors of galactic positrons. In this paper we
describe the findings of three independent OSSE/SMM/TGRS studies of positron
annihilation radiation, demonstrating that the three studies are largely in
agreement as to the distribution of galactic annihilation radiation. We then
assess the predicted yields and distributions of SN-synthesized radionuclei,
determining that they are marginally compatible with the findings of the
annihilation radiation studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83847 </DOCNO>
Do Switching Costs Make Markets More or Less Competitive?: The Case of


  Do switching costs reduce or intensify price competition in markets where
firms charge the same price to old and new consumers? Theoretically, the answer
could be either "yes" or "no," due to two opposing incentives in firms' pricing
decisions. The firm would like to charge a higher price to previous purchasers
who are "locked-in" and a lower price to unattached consumers who offer higher
future profitability. I demonstrate this ambiguity in an infinite-horizon
theoretical model.
    800- (toll-free) number portability provides empirical evidence to answer
this question. Before portability, a customer had to change numbers to change
service providers. This imposed significant switching costs on users, who
generally invested heavily to publicize these numbers. In May 1993 a new
database made 800-numbers portable. This drop in switching costs and
regulations that precluded price discrimination between old and new consumers
provide an empirical test of switching costs' effect on price competition.
    I use contracts for virtual private network (VPN) services to test how AT&T
adjusted its prices for toll-free services in response to portability.
Preliminarily (awaiting completion of data collection), I find that AT&T
reduced margins for VPN contracts containing toll-free services relative to
those that did not as the portability date approached. This implies that the
switching costs due to non-portability made the market less competitive. These
results suggest that, despite toll-free services growing rapidly during this
time period, AT&T's incentive to charge a higher price to "locked-in" consumers
exceeded its incentive to capture new consumers in the high switching costs era
of non-portability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1136 </DOCNO>
Experimental study of MgB2 decomposition


  The thermal stability of MgB2 has been studied experimentally to determine
the role of thermodynamic and kinetic barriers in the decomposition process.
The MgB2 decomposition rate approaches one monolayer per second at 650 C and
has an activation energy of 2.0 eV. The evaporation coefficient is inferred to
be ~ 10(-4), indicating that this process is kinetically limited. These values
were inferred from in-situ measurements using a quartz crystal microbalance and
a residual gas analyzer, in conjunction with ex-situ measurements of
re-deposited material by Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy. The presence
of a large kinetic barrier to decomposition indicates that the synthesis of
MgB2 thin films conditions may be possible with vacuum processing, albeit
within a narrow window in the reactive growth conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168120 </DOCNO>
Correlation induced collapse of many-body systems with zero-range


  The zero-range potential is customarily employed in various mean-field
calculations of many-body systems in atomic and nuclear physics within,
correspondingly, Gross-Pitaevskii and Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach. We argue,
however, that a many-body system with zero-range potentials is unstable against
clusterization into collapsed three-body subsystems. We show that neither the
density dependence of the potential nor an additional repulsive three-body
potential can prevent this unexpected correlational collapse if the potentials
are of zero range. Therefore the zero-range potential can only be used in
many-body calculations where all three-body correlations are explicitly
excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75986 </DOCNO>
Technicolor Evolution


  This talk describes how modern theories of dynamical electroweak symmetry
breaking have evolved from the original minimal QCD-like technicolor model in
response to three key challenges: R_b, flavor-changing neutral currents, and
weak isospin violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75913 </DOCNO>
Im$A_0$, Im$A_2$, and $\epsilon^\prime$ from quenched lattice QCD


  We present results for the imaginary parts of the I=0 and 2 $K\to\pi\pi$
decay amplitudes, Im$A_{0,2}$, and the ratio of CP violation parameters,
$\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$. Our calculation is done in the quenched
approximation at $a^{-1}\approx 2$ GeV, lattice size $16^3\times 32$, using
domain wall fermions with $L_s=16$. We study the three flavor case (charm is
not an active flavor) and find $\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$ is small and slightly
negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97463 </DOCNO>
General Decomposition of Radial Functions on R^n and Applications to


  We present a generalization of the Fefferman-de la Llave decomposition of the
Coulomb potential to quite arbitrary radial functions $V$ on $R^n$ going to
zero at infinity. This generalized decomposition can be used to extend previous
results on $N$-body quantum systems with Coulomb interaction to a more general
class of interactions. As an example of such an application we derive the high
density asymptotics of the ground state energy of jellium with Yukawa
interaction in the thermodynamic limit, using a correlation estimate by Graf
and Solovej.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83800 </DOCNO>
Anaphora and Discourse Semantics


  We argue in this paper that many common adverbial phrases generally taken to
be discourse connectives signalling discourse relations between adjacent
discourse units are instead anaphors. We do this by (i) demonstrating their
behavioral similarity with more common anaphors (pronouns and definite NPs);
(ii) presenting a general framework for understanding anaphora into which they
nicely fit; (iii) showing the interpretational benefits of understanding
discourse adverbials as anaphors; and (iv) sketching out a lexicalised grammar
that facilitates discourse interpretation as a product of compositional rules,
anaphor resolution and inference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149457 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills Matrix Theory


  We discuss bosonic and supersymmetric Yang-Mills matrix models with compact
semi-simple gauge group. We begin by finding convergence conditions for the
partition and correlation functions. Moving on, we specialise to the SU(N)
models with large N. In both the Yang-Mills and cohomological formulations, we
find all quantities which are invariant under the supercharges. Finally, we
apply the deformation method of Moore, Nekrasov and Shatashvili directly to the
Yang-Mills model. We find a deformation of the action which generates mass
terms for all the matrix fields whilst preserving some supersymmetry. This
allows us to rigorously integrate over a BRST quartet and arrive at the well
known formula of MNS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128836 </DOCNO>
Bullets in a Core Collapse Supernova Remnant: The Vela Remnant


  We use two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations to investigate the
properties of dense ejecta clumps (bullets) in a core collapse supernova
remnant, motivated by the observation of protrusions probably caused by clumps
in the Vela supernova remnant. The ejecta, with an inner flat and an outer
steep power law density distribution, were assumed to freely expand into an
ambient medium with a constant density, $\sim 0.1$ H atoms cm$^{-3}$ for the
case of Vela. At an age of $10^4$ yr, the reverse shock front is expected to
have moved back to the center of the remnant. Ejecta clumps with an initial
density contrast $\chi \sim 100$ relative to their surroundings are found to be
rapidly fragmented and decelerated. In order to cause a pronounced protrusion
on the blast wave, as observed in the Vela remnant, $\chi \sim 1000$ may be
required. In this case, the clump should be near the inflection point in the
ejecta density profile, at an ejecta velocity $\sim 3000 \kms $. These results
apply to moderately large clumps; smaller clumps would require an even larger
density contrast. Clumps can create ring structure in the shell of the Vela
remnant and we investigate the possibility that RX J0852--4622, an apparent
supernova remnant superposed on Vela, is actually part of the Vela shell. Radio
observations support this picture, but the possible presence of a compact
object argues against it. The Ni bubble effect or compression in a pulsar wind
nebula are possible mechanisms to produce the clumping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2546 </DOCNO>
A New Method to Compute the Configurational Entropy in Spin Glasses


  We propose a new method to compute the configurational entropy of glassy
systems as a function of the free energy of basins at a given temperature, in
the framework of the Stillinger and Weber approach. Our method provides a first
step towards a description of the relaxational behavior of glassy systems in
terms of a free energy dynamical measure. It can be used to determine the
character of the glass transition as well as the mode coupling and the Kauzmann
temperatures. We illustrate the powerfulness of the method by studying simple
models of glasses and spin glasses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85688 </DOCNO>
Einstein Revisited: Gravitation In Curved Spacetime Without Event


  It has been shown [1] that Einstein General Relativity can be expressed
covariantly in a bi-metric spacetime context, without the uncertainties which
arise from the effects of gravitational energy-momentum pseudotensors. We
construct a new bi-metric general relativity theory based on a new physical
paradigm which allows the operational procedures of local spacetime
measurements in general spacetime frames of reference to be defined in a
similar manner as that for local spacetime measurements in special relativistic
inertial frames. The paradigm [2]uses the Principle of Equivalence to define
the symmetric metric tensor of curved spacetime as an exponential function of a
symmetric gravitational potential tensor. This exponential function and the
requirement that the equations of motion have an N-body interactive form imply
that the gravitational potential tensor must obey a superposition principle.
This requirement uniquely determines the tensor covariant field equations of
the new bi-metric General Relativity. The structure of these field equations
implies that, in addition to the matter energy-momentum tensor, a gravitational
field stress-energy tensor must appear in the right member of the Einstein
field equations. This tensor contributes to the Einstein curvature tensor, both
inside and outside of matter, and permits local conservation of
energy-momentum. It has been shown [3] that gravitational stress-energy
contributions of this type cannot be excluded by existing weak-field tests of
general relativity. The new bi-metric General Relativity theory predicts that
massive compact astrophysical objects have no event horizons and can possess
intrinsic dipole magnetic fields which can affect their accretion disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113351 </DOCNO>
Spectral Characteristics of Ultrashort Pulses in Kerr-lens Mode-Locked


  A number of factors that influence spectral position of the femtosecond pulse
in a Kerr-lens modelocked Cr:LiSGaF laser have been identified: high-order
dispersion, gain saturation, reabsorption from the ground state, and stimulated
Raman scattering. Using the one-dimensional numerical model for the simulation
of the laser cavity, the relative contributions of different factors have been
compared. The Raman effect provides the largest self-frequency shift from the
gain peak (up to 60 nm), followed by the gain saturation (25 nm), while the
high-order dispersion contribution is insignificant (5 nm). Comparison with the
experimental data confirm that the stimulated Raman scattering is a main cause
of the ultrashort pulse self-frequency shift observed in Cr:LiSGaF and Cr:LiSAF
lasers

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150009 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein towers on orbifolds: divergences and anomalies


  The ultra-violet behavior of Kaluza-Klein theories on a one dimensional
orbifold is discussed. An extension of dimensional regularization that can be
applied to a compact dimension is presented. Using this, the FI-tadpole is
calculated in the effective KK theory resulting from compactifying
supersymmetric theories in 5 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98056 </DOCNO>
Quasi-conformal mappings and periodic spectral problems in dimension two


  We study spectral properties of second order elliptic operators with periodic
coefficients in dimension two. These operators act in periodic simply-connected
waveguides, with either Dirichlet, or Neumann, or the third boundary condition.
The main result is the absolute continuity of the spectra of such operators.
The corner stone of the proof is an isothermal change of variables, reducing
the metric to a flat one and the waveguide to a straight strip. The main
technical tool is the quasi-conformal variant of the Riemann mapping theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127018 </DOCNO>
Abundant Molecular Gas in Tidal Dwarf Galaxies: On-going Galaxy


  [Abridged...] We investigate the process of galaxy formation as can be
observed in the only currently forming galaxies -- the so-called Tidal Dwarf
Galaxies, hereafter TDGs -- through observations of the molecular gas detected
via its CO emission. These objects are formed of material torn off of the outer
parts of a spiral disk due to tidal forces in a collision between two massive
galaxies. Molecular gas is a key element in the galaxy formation process,
providing the link between a cloud of gas and a bona fide galaxy. We have
detected CO in 8 TDGs (two of them have already been published in Braine et al.
2000), with an overall detection rate of 80%, showing that molecular gas is
abundant in TDGs, up to a few 10^8 M_sun. The CO emission coincides both
spatially and kinematically with the HI emission, indicating that the molecular
gas forms from the atomic hydrogen where the HI column density is high. A
possible trend of more evolved TDGs having greater molecular gas masses is
observed, in accord with the transformation of HI into H2.... Although higher
spatial resolution CO (and HI) observations would help reduce the
uncertainties, we find that TDGs require no dark matter, which would make them
the only galaxy-sized systems where this is the case. Dark matter in spirals
should then be in a halo and not a rotating disk. Most dwarf galaxies are dark
matter-rich, implying that they are not of tidal origin....

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98505 </DOCNO>
Hardy spaces for non-compactly causal symmetric spaces and the most


  Let $G/H$ be a semisimple symmetric space. Then the space $L^2(G/H)$ can be
decomposed into a finite sum of series representations induced from parabolic
subgroups of $G$. The most continuous part of the spectrum of $L^2(G/H)$ is the
part induced from the smallest possible parabolic subgroup. In this paper we
introduce Hardy spaces canonically related to this part of the spectrum for a
class of non-compactly causal symmetric spaces. The Hardy space is a
reproducing Hilbert space of holomorphic functions living on a tube type
bounded symmetric space, containing $G/H$ as a boundary component. A boundary
value map is constructed and we show that it induces an $G$-isomorphism onto a
multiplicity free subspace of full spectrum in the most continuous part $L_{\rm
mc}^2(G/H)$ of $L^2(G/H)$. We also relate our Hardy space with the classical
Hardy space on the tube domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3822 </DOCNO>
Current-Driven Conformational Changes, Charging and Negative


  We introduce a theoretical approach based on scattering theory and total
energy methods that treats transport non-linearities, conformational changes
and charging effects in molecular wires in a unified way. We apply this
approach to molecular wires consisting of chain molecules with different
electronic and structural properties bonded to metal contacts. We show that
non-linear transport in all of these systems can be understood in terms of a
single physical mechanism and predict that negative differential resistance at
high bias should be a generic property of such molecular wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124346 </DOCNO>
Line Forces in Keplerian Circumstellar Disks and Precession of Nearly


  We examine the effects of optically thick line forces on orbiting
circumstellar disks, such as occur around Be stars. For radially streaming
radiation, line forces are only effective if there is a strong radial velocity
gradient, as occurs, for example, in a line-driven stellar wind. However,
within an orbiting disk, the radial shear of the azimuthal velocity leads to
strong line-of-sight velocity velocity gradients along nonradial directions. As
such, in the proximity of a stellar surface extending over a substantial cone
angle, the nonradial stellar radiation can impart a significant line force,
even in the case of purely circular orbits. Given the highly supersonic nature
of orbital velocity variations, we use the Sobolev approximation, thereby
extending to the disk case the standard CAK formalism developed for line-driven
winds. We delineate the parameter regimes for which radiative forces might
alter disk properties; but even when radiative forces are small, we
analytically quantify higher-order effects in the linear limit, including the
precession of weakly elliptical orbits. We find that optically thick line
forces can have observable implications for the dynamics of disks around Be
stars, including the generation of either prograde or retrograde precession in
slightly eccentric orbits. However, our analysis suggests a net retrograde
effect, in apparent contradiction with observed long-term variations of
violet/red line profile asymmetries from Be stars, which are generally thought
to result from prograde propagation of a so-called ``one arm mode''. We also
conclude that radiative forces may alter the dynamical properties at the
surface of the disk where disk winds originate, and may even make low-density
disks vulnerable to being blown away.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5638 </DOCNO>
Random-Matrix Theory: Distribution of Mesoscopic Supercurrents through a


  We investigate the distribution of the supercurrent through a chaotic quantum
dot which is strongly coupled to two superconductors when the Thouless energy
is large compared to the superconducting energy gap. The distribution function
of the critical currents P(I_c) is known to be Gaussian in the limit of large
channel number N. For N=1, we present an analytical low-temperature expression
for this distribution function, valid both in the presence and in the absence
of time-reversal symmetry. It connects directly the distribution of
transmission coefficients to the distribution of critical currents. The case of
arbitrary channel number (N>1) is discussed numerically, and for small critical
currents analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76490 </DOCNO>
The Spin Structure of the Proton and Polarized Collider Physics


  We summarise the present status of the proton spin problem and the physics
possibilities for future polarized ep and pp colliders. This summary is based
on the presentations and discussion sessions at the workshop ``The Spin
Structure of the Proton and Polarized Collider Physics'' (Trento, July 23-28,
2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123361 </DOCNO>
From infall to rotation around young stellar objects: A transitional


  Evidence for a transitional stage in the formation of a low-mass star is
reported, intermediate between the fully embedded and the T Tauri phases.
Millimeter aperture synthesis observations in the HCO+ J=1-0 and 3-2, HCN 1-0,
13CO 1-0, and C18O 1-0 transitions reveal distinctly different velocity fields
around two embedded, low-mass young stellar objects. The 0.6 M(sun) of material
around TMC 1 (IRAS 04381+2517) closely follows inside-out collapse in the
presence of a small amount of rotation (~3 km/s/pc), while L1489 IRS (IRAS
04016+2610) is surrounded by a 2000 AU radius, flared disk containing 0.02
M(sun). This disk shows Keplerian rotation around a ~0.65 M(sun) star and
infall at 1.3 (r/100 AU)^-0.5 km/s, or, equivalently, sub-Keplerian motions
around a central object between 0.65 and 1.4 M(sun). Its density is
characterized by a radial power law and an exponential vertical scale height.
The different relative importance of infall and rotation around these two
objects suggests that rotationally supported structures grow from collapsing
envelopes over a few times 10^5 yr to sizes of a few thousand AU, and then
decrease over a few times 10^4 yr to several hundred AU typical for T Tauri
disks. In this scenario, L1489 IRS represents a transitional phase between
embedded YSOs and T Tauri stars with disks. The expected duration of this phase
of ~5% of the embedded stage is consistent with the current lack of other known
objects like L1489 IRS. Alternative explanations cannot explain L1489 IRS's
large disk, such as formation from a cloud core with an unusually large
velocity gradient or a binary companion that prevents mass accretion onto small
scales. It follows that the transfer and dissipation of angular momentum is key
to understanding the formation of disks from infalling envelopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128816 </DOCNO>
Ultracompact HII Regions


  We review some recent observational results on the properties of ultracompact
HII regions, in particular the presence of extended continuum emission
surrounding ultracompact sources and the discovery of a new class of so-called
``Hypercompact'' HII regions. In addition, we discuss recent attempts to probe
the density structure within UC HII regions using the technique of spectral
index analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3343 </DOCNO>
Analyzing and modelling 1+1d markets


  We report a statistical analysis of the Island ECN (NASDAQ) order book. We
determine the static and dynamic properties of this system, and then analyze
them from a physicist's viewpoint using an equivalent particle system obtained
by treating orders as massive particles and price as position. We identify the
fundamental dynamical processes, test existing particles models of such markets
against our findings, and introduce a new model of limit order markets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7370 </DOCNO>
Topological Origin of Zero-Energy Edge States in Particle-Hole Symmetric


  Zero-energy edge states are discussed for a class of particle-hole symmetric
Hamiltonians. We show that the existence of zero-energy edge states can be
determined from the bulk properties. A ``loop'' in a parameter space is
assigned for each one-dimensional bulk Hamiltonian, and its topological
properties, combined with the particle-hole symmetry, play an essential role.
It provides a unified framework to discuss zero-energy edge modes for several
systems such as fully gapped superconductors, two-dimensional d-wave
superconductors, and graphite ribbons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74296 </DOCNO>
Quenched divergences in the deconfined phase of SU(2) gauge theory


  The spectrum of the overlap Dirac operator in the deconfined phase of
quenched gauge theory is known to have three parts: exact zeros arising from
topology, small nonzero eigenvalues that result in a non-zero chiral
condensate, and the dense bulk of the spectrum, which is separated from the
small eigenvalues by a gap. In this paper, we focus on the small nonzero
eigenvalues in an SU(2) gauge field background at $\beta=2.4$ and $N_T=4$. This
low-lying spectrum is computed on four different spatial lattices ($12^3$,
$14^3$, $16^3$, and $18^3$). As the volume increases, the small eigenvalues
become increasingly concentrated near zero in such a way as to strongly suggest
that the infinite volume condensate diverges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81420 </DOCNO>
Dynamical suppression of large instantons


  We investigate the distribution of instanton sizes in the framework of a
simplified model for ensembles of instantons. This model takes into account the
non-diluteness of instantons. The infrared problem for the integration over
instanton sizes is dealt with in a self-consistent manner by approximating
instanton interactions by a repulsive hard core potential. This leads to a
dynamical suppression of large instantons. The characteristic features of the
instanton size distribution are studied by means of analytic and Monte Carlo
methods. We find a power law behaviour for small sizes, consistent with the
semi-classical results. At large instanton sizes the distribution decays
exponentially. The results are compared with those from lattice simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76271 </DOCNO>
A Phenomenological Analysis of Higher Fock State Contributions to the


  We present a phenomenological analysis of higher Fack state contributions to
the $\chi_{cJ}$ decays by using the recent BES experimental data. It is found
that the higher Fock state $\mid (c\bar{c})_{8}g>$ makes an important
contributions to the inclusive and exclusive processes with respect to that
from the valence Fock state $\mid c\bar{c} >$ of the $\chi_{cJ}$ and some
constraints of these contributions are obtained for the $\chi_{c0}$ and
$\chi_{c2}$ states in order to fit the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4247 </DOCNO>
Electrorotation of a pair of spherical particles


  We present a theoretical study of electrorotation (ER) of two spherical
particles under the action of a rotating electric field. When the two particles
approach and finally touch, the mutual polarization interaction between the
particles leads to a change in the dipole moment of the individual particle and
hence the ER spectrum, as compared to that of the well-separated particles. The
mutual polarization effects are captured by the method of multiple images. From
the theoretical analysis, we find that the mutual polarization effects can
change the characteristic frequency at which the maximum angular velocity of
electrorotation occurs. The numerical results can be understood in the spectral
representation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148935 </DOCNO>
Fluxbranes from p-branes


  It is shown how magnetic fluxbrane, Fp-brane, solutions are related to
electric black p-branes by analytic continuation. Viewing the transverse space
of branes as a warped cone, one finds that the cone base of the p-brane becomes
the world-volume of the F(D-p-3)-brane and the world volume of the p-brane
becomes the cone base of the F(D-p-3)-brane. An explicit example of the
correspondence is given for a 2-brane and F6-brane of 11D supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72885 </DOCNO>
Fundamentals of the Orbital Conception of Elementary Particles and of


  An alternative approach to the Standard Model is outlined, being motivated by
the increasing theoretical and experimental difficulties encountered by this
model, which furthermore fails to be unitary. In particular, the conceptual
uneasiness generated by the excessive multiplicity of fundamental elements of
the Quark Model, 36 different quarks whose cohesion needs 8 different types of
gluons, has logically led some physicists to propose a variety of quark
substructures in an effort to reach unity. In order to avoid the forward escape
corresponding to the attribution of a substructure to quarks and to stand away
from the conceptual strangling to which the Standard model has led, we have
instead opted for different fundamentals. These, in contrast to those of the
Standard Model, are extremely simple and based on the assumption of a single
fundamental corpuscle, of dual manifestation as corpuscle and anticorpuscle, to
which is always associated an orbital that determines the structure of
particles. In such a frame particles differentiate through the diversity of
quantum states of their structuring orbital, in contrast to the strategy used
by the Standard Model based instead on the particle's multiplicity of
composition through the variety of the quark's content, furthermore limited to
hadrons. Instead the orbital conception of particles is unitary, unifying all
of them as well as their interactions. As an outstanding feature, nuclear
forces derive from the neutron orbital structure, based on a proton core and a
shell. This shell constitutes the cohesive element of nuclear structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75511 </DOCNO>
Discovery potential for New Physics in view of the RHIC-Spin upgrade


  In view of a possible upgrade of the RHIC-Spin program at BNL, concerning
both the machine and the detectors, we give some predictions concerning the
potentialities of New Physics detection with polarized proton beams. We focus
on parity-violating asymmetries in one-jet production due to contact terms or
to a new leptophobic neutral gauge boson. We comment on the main uncertainties
and we compare with unpolarized searches at Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129410 </DOCNO>
The Formation of the First Star in the Universe


  We describe results from a fully self-consistent three dimensional
hydrodynamical simulation of the formation of one of the first stars in the
Universe. Dark matter dominated pre-galactic objects form because of
gravitational instability from small initidal density perturbations. As they
assemble via hierarchical merging, primordial gas cools through ro-vibrational
lines of hydrogen molecules and sinks to the center of the dark matter
potential well. The high redshift analog of a molecular cloud is formed. When
the dense, central parts of the cold gas cloud become self-gravitating, a dense
core of approximately 100 solar mass undergoes rapid contraction. At densities
n>10^9 cm^-3 a one solar mass proto-stellar core becomes fully molecular due to
three-body H_2 formation. Contrary to analytical expectations this process does
not lead to renewed fragmentation and only one star is formed. The calculation
is stopped when optical depth effects become important, leaving the final mass
of the fully formed star somewhat uncertain. At this stage the protostar is
acreting material very rapidly (~0.01 solar masses per year). Radiative
feedback from the star will not only halt its growth but also inhibit the
formation of other stars in the same pre-galactic object (at least until the
first star ends its life, presumably as a supernova). We conclude that at most
one massive (M >> 1 solar mass) metal free star forms per pre-galactic halo,
consistent with recent abundance measurements of metal poor galactic halo
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124770 </DOCNO>
Massive zero-metal stars: Energy production and mixing


  Time-dependent nuclear network calculations at constant temperature show that
for zero-metal stars >= 20 Msun (i) beta-decay reactions and (ii) the
13N(p,gamma)14O reaction must be included. It is also shown that the nuclear
timescale in these zero-metal stars is shorter than the mixing timescale and
therefore the assumption of instantaneous mixing across convective regions is
not fulfilled. We conclude that proper modeling of these processes may alter
the evolution of massive zero-metal stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150279 </DOCNO>
NS Matter Sliver


  Using algebraic methods the Neveu-Schwarz fermionic matter sliver is
constructed. Inspirited by the wedge algebra two equations for the sliver,
linear and quadratic, are considered. It is shown that both equations give the
same nontrivial answer. The sliver is considered also using CFT methods where
it is defined as the limit of the wedge states in the NS sector of the
superstring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169387 </DOCNO>
Gain tuning and fidelity in continuous variable quantum teleportation


  The fidelity of continuous variable teleportation can be optimized by
changing the gain in the modulation of the output field. We discuss the gain
dependence of fidelity for coherent, vacuum and one photon inputs and propose
optimal gain tuning strategies for corresponding input selections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113423 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of Anesthetic Action: Oxygen Pathway Perturbation Hypothesis


  Although more than 150 years have past since the discovery of general
anesthetics, how they precisely work remains a mystery. We propose a novel
unitary mechanism of general anesthesia verifiable by experiments. In the
proposed mechanism, general anesthetics perturb oxygen pathways in both
membranes and oxygen-utilizing proteins such that the availabilities of oxygen
to its sites of utilization are reduced which in turn triggers cascading
cellular responses through oxygen-sensing mechanisms resulting in general
anesthesia. Despite the general assumption that cell membranes are readily
permeable to oxygen, exiting publications indicate that these membranes are
plausible oxygen transport barriers. The present hypothesis provides a unified
framework for explaining phenomena associated with general anesthesia and
experimental results on the actions of general anesthetics. If verified by
experiments, the proposed mechanism also has other significant medical and
biological implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168144 </DOCNO>
Spin-orbital motion and Thomas precession in the classical and quantum


  The motion of a magnetic spin particle in electromagnetic fields is
considered on the basis of general principles of the classical relativistic
theory. Alternative approaches in derivation of the equations of charge motion
and spin precession, the problem of noncollinearity of the momentum and
velocity of a particle with spin, the origin and the meaning of Thomas
precession in dynamics of the spin particle are also considered. The
correspondence principle in the spin theory is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98824 </DOCNO>
Derivation of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation from a many body


  We consider the time evolution of N bosonic particles interacting via a mean
field Coulomb potential. Suppose the initial state is a product wavefunction.
We show that at any finite time the correlation functions factorize in the
limit $N \to \infty$. Furthermore, the limiting one particle density matrix
satisfies the nonlinear Hartree equation. The key ingredients are the
uniqueness of the BBGKY hierarchy for the correlation functions and a new
apriori estimate for the many-body Schr\"odinger equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179587 </DOCNO>
A Hydrodynamic Description of Heavy Ion Collisions at the SPS and RHIC


  A hydrodynamic + cascade model of relativistic heavy ion collisions is
presented and compared to available hadronic data from the SPS to RHIC. The
model consistently reproduces the radial and elliptic flow data for different
particles, collision energies, and impact parameters. Three ingredients are
essential to the success: (a) a reasonable EOS exhibiting the hard and soft
features of the QCD phase transition, (b) thermal hadronization at the phase
boundary, and (c) subsequent hadronic rescattering. Some features of the RHIC
data are readily explained: (i) the observed elliptic flow and its dependence
on $p_{T}$ and mass, (ii) the anomalous $\bar{p}/\pi^{-}$ ratio for $p_{T}
\approx 2.0$ GeV, (iii) the difference in the slope parameters measured by the
STAR and PHENIX collaborations, and (iv) the respectively strong and weak
impact parameter dependence of the $\bar{p}$ and $\phi$ slope parameters. For
an EOS without the hard and soft features of the QCD phase transition, the
broad consistency with the data is lost.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127347 </DOCNO>
Oscillations of alpha UMa and other red giants


  There is growing observational evidence that the variability of red giants
could be caused by excitation of global modes of oscillation. The most recent
evidence of such oscillations was reported for alpha UMa by Buzasi et
al.(2000). We address the problem of radial and nonradial mode excitation in
red giants from the theoretical point of view. In particular, we present the
results of numerical computations of oscillation properties of a model of alpha
UMa and of several models of a 2M_sun star in the red-giant phase. In the red
giant stars by far most of the nonradial modes are confined to to the deep
interior, where they have the g-mode character. Only modes at resonant
frequencies of the p-mode cavity have substantial amplitudes in the outer
layers. We have shown that such modes can be unstable with the linear growth
rates similar to those of corresponding to radial modes.
  We have been unable to explain the observed oscillation properties of alpha
UMa, either in terms of mode instability or in terms of stochastic excitation
by turbulent convection. Modes at the lowest frequencies, which exhibit the
largest amplitudes and may correspond to the first three radial modes, are
found stable if all effects of convection are taken into account. The observed
frequency dependence of amplitudes does not agree with what one expects from
stochastic excitation. The predicted fundamental mode amplitude is by about two
orders of magnitude smaller than those of high frequency modes, which is in
stark disagreement with the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2451 </DOCNO>
Internal transitions in the confined biexciton


  Optical internal transitions relevant to ODR experiments are computed for the
biexciton in a quantum dot in the strong confinement regime. Valence sub-band
mixing effects are taken into account in second order pertubation theory. The
transition probability from the ground state is concentrated in a few states
with relatively high excitation energies. Level collissions with oscillator
strength transfer are observed as the magnetic field is raised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83866 </DOCNO>
Out of the Loop: Problems in the development of next generation


  Drawing on an ongoing longitudinal research study, we discuss problems in the
development of five next generation community networking projects in central
New York. The projects were funded under a state program to diffuse broadband
technologies in economically depressed areas of the state. The networks are
technologically complex and entail high costs for subscribers. The political
economy of the development process has biased the subscriber base toward the
resource rich and away from the resource poor, and toward tried-and-tested uses
like Internet and intra-organizational connectivity and away from
community-oriented uses. These trends raise troubling questions about network
ontology and function, and about the relation between the network and its
physical host community. The need for appropriate social policy, and new
planning practices, is argued to effect desired change.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 230 </DOCNO>
Tunneling magnetoresistance in diluted magnetic semiconductor tunnel


  Using the spin-polarized tunneling model and taking into account the basic
physics of ferromagnetic semiconductors, we study the temperature dependence of
the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in the diluted magnetic semiconductor
(DMS) trilayer heterostructure system (Ga,Mn)As/AlAs/(Ga,Mn)As. The
experimentally observed TMR ratio is in reasonable agreement with our result
based on the typical material parameters. It is also shown that the TMR ratio
has a strong dependence on both the itinerant-carrier density and the magnetic
ion density in the DMS electrodes. This can provide a potential way to achieve
larger TMR ratio by optimally adjusting the material parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4479 </DOCNO>
Noise-induced dynamics in bistable systems with delay


  Noise-induced dynamics of a prototypical bistable system with delayed
feedback is studied theoretically and numerically. For small noise and
magnitude of the feedback, the problem is reduced to the analysis of the
two-state model with transition rates depending on the earlier state of the
system. In this two-state approximation, we found analytical formulae for the
autocorrelation function, the power spectrum, and the linear response to a
periodic perturbation. They show very good agreement with direct numerical
simulations of the original Langevin equation. The power spectrum has a
pronounced peak at the frequency corresponding to the inverse delay time, whose
amplitude has a maximum at a certain noise level, thus demonstrating coherence
resonance. The linear response to the external periodic force also has maxima
at the frequencies corresponding to the inverse delay time and its harmonics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76846 </DOCNO>
Quintessence and Spontaneous Leptogenesis


  We propose in this paper a scenario of spontaneous baryogenesis in
cosmological models of Quintessence by introducing a derivative coupling of the
Quintessence scalar $Q$ to the baryon current $J_B^{\mu}$ or the current of the
baryon number minus lepton number $J_{B-L}^{\mu}$. We find that with a
dimension-5 operator ${\partial_\mu Q} J_{B-L}^{\mu}$ suppressed by the Planck
mass $M_{pl}$ or the Grand Unification Scale $M_{GUT}$, baryon number asymmetry
$n_B/s \sim 10^{-10}$ can be naturally explained {\it via} leptogenesis. We
study also the isocurvature baryon number fluctuation generated in our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97192 </DOCNO>
Derive boundary conditions for holistic discretisations of Burgers'


  I previously used Burgers' equation to introduce a new method of numerical
discretisation of \pde{}s. The analysis is based upon centre manifold theory so
we are assured that the discretisation accurately models all the processes and
their subgrid scale interactions. Here I show how boundaries to the physical
domain may be naturally incorporated into the numerical modelling of Burgers'
equation. We investigate Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. As well as
modelling the nonlinear advection, the method naturally derives symmetric
matrices with constant bandwidth to correspond to the self-adjoint diffusion
operator. The techniques developed here may be used to accurately model the
nonlinear evolution of quite general spatio-temporal dynamical systems on
bounded domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76854 </DOCNO>
Super black hole as spinning particle: Supersymmetric baglike core


  We consider particlelike solutions to supergravity based on the Kerr-Newman
black hole (BH) solution. The BH singularity is regularized by means of a phase
transition to a new vacuum state near the core region confining a dual gauge
field. Supersymmetric BPS-saturated domain wall model is suggested which can
provide this phase transition and formation the stable charged superconducting
core. For spinning particle the core takes the form of thin, relativistically
rotaiting disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2433 </DOCNO>
Impurity potential fluctuations for selectively doped p-Ge/Ge_{1-x}Si_x


  Two models for the long-range random impurity potential (the model with
randomly distributed charged centers located within a layer and the model of
the system with a spacer) are used for evaluation of the impurity potential
fluctuation characteristics: the random potential amplitude, nonlinear
screening length in vicinity of integer filling factors nu = 1 and nu = 2 and
the background density of state (DOS). The described models are suitable for
explanation of the unusually high value of DOS at nu = 1 and nu = 2, in
contrast to the short-range impurity potential models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 51 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Approach to Spin Glass Systems


  A renormalization group transformation suitable for spin glass models and,
more generally, for disordered models, is presented. The procedure is
non-standard in both the nature of the additional interactions and the coarse
graining transformation, that is performed on the overlap probability measure
(which is clearly non-Gibbsian). Universality classes are thus naturally
defined on a large set of models, going from $\Z_2$ and Gaussian spin glasses
to Ising and fully frustrated models, and others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113919 </DOCNO>
How simple is simple pendulum


  The simple pendulum is one of the first experiments that students of higher
physics do. There are certain precautions which the students are asked to take
while performing the experiment. In this note we will try to explain as to why
these precautions are taken up and what will happen if we relax them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73253 </DOCNO>
Gluon self-energy in a two-flavor color superconductor


  The energy and momentum dependence of the gluon self-energy is investigated
in a color superconductor with two flavors of massless quarks. The presence of
a color-superconducting quark-quark condensate modifies the gluon self-energy
for energies which are of the order of the gap parameter. For gluon energies
much larger than the gap, the self-energy assumes the form given by the
standard hard-dense loop approximation. It is shown that this modification of
the gluon self-energy does not affect the magnitude of the gap to leading and
subleading order in the weak-coupling limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83784 </DOCNO>
Verifying Sequential Consistency on Shared-Memory Multiprocessors by


  The memory model of a shared-memory multiprocessor is a contract between the
designer and programmer of the multiprocessor. The sequential consistency
memory model specifies a total order among the memory (read and write) events
performed at each processor. A trace of a memory system satisfies sequential
consistency if there exists a total order of all memory events in the trace
that is both consistent with the total order at each processor and has the
property that every read event to a location returns the value of the last
write to that location.
  Descriptions of shared-memory systems are typically parameterized by the
number of processors, the number of memory locations, and the number of data
values. It has been shown that even for finite parameter values, verifying
sequential consistency on general shared-memory systems is undecidable. We
observe that, in practice, shared-memory systems satisfy the properties of
causality and data independence. Causality is the property that values of read
events flow from values of write events. Data independence is the property that
all traces can be generated by renaming data values from traces where the
written values are distinct from each other. If a causal and data independent
system also has the property that the logical order of write events to each
location is identical to their temporal order, then sequential consistency can
be verified algorithmically. Specifically, we present a model checking
algorithm to verify sequential consistency on such systems for a finite number
of processors and memory locations and an arbitrary number of data values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129679 </DOCNO>
Quest for HI Turbulence Statistics: New Techniques


  HI data cubes are sources of unique information on interstellar turbulence.
Doppler shifts due to supersonic motions contain information on turbulent
velocity field which is otherwise difficult to obtain. However, the problem of
separation of velocity and density fluctuations within HI data cubes is far
from being trivial. Analytical description of the emissivity statistics of
channel maps (velocity slices) in Lazarian & Pogosyan (2000) showed that the
relative contribution of the density and velocity fluctuations depends on the
thickness of the velocity slice. In particular, power-law assymptotics of the
emissivity fluctuations change when the dispersion of the velocity at the scale
under study becomes of the order of the velocity slice thickness (integrated
width of the channel map). These results are the foundations of the
Velocity-Channel Analysis (VCA) technique which allows to determine velocity
and density statistics using 21-cm data cubes. The VCA has been successfully
tested using data cubes obtained via compressible magnetohydrodynamic
simulations and applied to Galactic and Magellanic Clouds data. As a tool it
has become much more sophisticated recently when effects of absorption were
accounted for. The systematic studies of vast 21-cm data sets to correlate the
variations in the turbulence statistics with the astrophysical activity is on
the agenda. This should allow to determine the interstellar energy injection
mechanisms. Going beyond the VCA, we discuss other tools, namely, genus and
anisotropy analysis. The first characterises the topology of HI, while the
second provides magnetic field directions. We show a few applications of these
new tools to HI data and MHD simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97005 </DOCNO>
Tannaka Duals in Semisimple Tensor Categories


  Tannaka duals of Hopf algebras inside semisimple tensor categories are used
to construct orbifold tensor categories, which are shown to include the Tannaka
dual of the dual Hopf algebras. The second orbifolds are then canonically
isomorphic to the initial tensor categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97337 </DOCNO>
Analogies between group actions on 3-manifolds and number fields


  Mazur, Kapranov, Reznikov, and others developed ``Arithmetic Topology,'' a
theory describing some surprising analogies between 3-dimensional topology and
number theory, which can be summarized by saying that knots are like prime
numbers.
  We extend their work by proving several formulas concerning branched
coverings of 3-manifolds and extensions of number fields and observe that these
formulas are identical, via the dictionary of arithmetic topology.
  We have no explanation for the coincidences between our formulas. The proofs
of topological results use equivariant cohomology and an analysis of
Leray-Serre spectral sequences. The number theoretic proofs are based on an
approach to class field theory via idele groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127894 </DOCNO>
Relativistic outflows from X-ray binaries (a.k.a. `Microquasars')


  In this review I summarise the observational connections between accretion
and relativistic outflows -- jets -- in X-ray binaries. I argue that jets are
likely to be a fairly ubiquitous property of X-ray binaries as a whole, an
assertion which can be tested by further observations of the Atoll-type X-ray
binaries. I discuss broad patterns that are emerging from these observational
studies, such as a correlation between `hard' X-ray states and the presence of
radio emission, and the related anti-correlation between jet strength and
mass-accretion rate as inferred from X-ray studies alone. I briefly discuss
possible future directions for research and compare X-ray binary jets to those
from Active Galactic Nuclei and Gamma Ray Bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1077 </DOCNO>
Itinerant and localized states in strongly correlated systems by a


  The standard mean field slave-boson solution for the infinite-$U$ Hubbard
model is revised. A slightly modified version is proposed which includes
properly the incoherent contribution of the localized states. In contrast to
the standard mean field result, this new proposed solution defines a unique
spectral function to be used in the calculation of local and not local
quantities, and satisfies the correct thermodynamic relations. The same
approach is applied also to the mean field approximation in terms of Hubbard
operators. As a byproduct of this analysis, Luttinger's theorem is shown to be
fulfilled in a natural way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6842 </DOCNO>
Strong enhancement of drag and dissipation at the weak- to strong-


  We consider a bi-layer electronic system at a total Landau level filling
factor nu =1, and focus on the transition from the regime of weak inter-layer
coupling to that of the strongly coupled (1,1,1) phase (or ''quantum Hall
ferromagnet''). Making the assumption that in the transition region the system
is made of puddles of the (1,1,1) phase embedded in a bulk of the weakly
coupled state, we show that the transition is accompanied by a strong increase
in longitudinal Coulomb drag, that reaches a maximum of approximately
$h/2e^{2}$. In that regime the longitudinal drag is increased with decreasing
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128104 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Radiation from Black Hole Binaries in Globular Clusters


  A populations of stellar mass black hole binaries may exist in globular
clusters. The dynamics of globular cluster evolution imply that there may be at
most one black hole binary is a globular cluster. The population of binaries
are expected to have orbital periods greater than a few hours and to have a
thermal distribution of eccentricities. In the LISA band, the gravitational
wave signal from these binaries will consist of several of the higher harmonics
of the orbital frequency. A Monte Carlo simulation of the galactic globular
cluster system indicates that LISA will detect binaries in 10 % of the clusters
with an angular resolution sufficient to identify the host cluster of the
binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128825 </DOCNO>
Asteroseismology from space: the Delta Scuti star Theta2 Tauri monitored


  The first intensive photometric time-series of a Delta Scuti star was
obtained from space. Theta2 Tau was monitored with the star camera on the
Wide-Field Infrared Explorer (WIRE) satellite. Twelve independent frequencies
were detected down to the 0.5 mmag amplitude level. Their reality was
investigated by searching for them using two different algorithms and by some
internal checks. All the frequencies are in the range 10.8-14.6 c\d. The
histogram of the frequency spacings shows that 81% are below 1.8 c\d; rotation
may thus play a role in the mode excitation. The fundamental radial mode is not
observed, although it is expected to occur in a region where the noise level is
very low (55 micromag). The rms residual is about two times lower than that
usually obtained from successful ground--based multisite campaigns. The
comparison of the results of previous campaigns with the new ones establishes
the amplitude variability of some modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174823 </DOCNO>
Refractive elastic scattering of carbon and oxygen nuclei: The mean


  The experimental data on the $^{16}$O$+^{12}$C and $^{18}$O$+^{12}$C elastic
scatterings and their optical model analysis are presented. Detailed and
complete elastic angular distributions have been measured at the Strasbourg
Vivitron accelerator at several energies covering the energy range between 5
and 10 MeV per nucleon. The elastic scattering angular distributions show the
usual diffraction pattern and also, at larger angles, refractive effects in the
form of nuclear rainbow and associated Airy structures. The optical model
analysis unambiguously shows the evolution of the refractive scattering
pattern. The observed structure, namely the Airy minima, can be consistently
described by a nucleus-nucleus potential with a deep real part and a weakly
absorptive imaginary part. The difference in absorption in the two systems is
explained by an increased imaginary (mostly surface) part of the potential in
the $^{18}$O$+^{12}$C system. The relation between the obtained potentials and
those reported for the symmetrical $^{16}$O$+^{16}$O and $^{12}$C$+^{12}$C
systems is drawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129408 </DOCNO>
An HST Census of Nuclear Star Clusters in Late-Type Spiral Galaxies: I.


  We present new HST I-band images of a sample of 77 nearby, late-type spiral
galaxies with low inclination. The main purpose of this catalog is to study the
frequency and properties of nuclear star clusters. In 59 galaxies of our
sample, we have identified a distinct, compact (but resolved), and dominant
source at or very close to their photocenter. In many cases, these clusters are
the only prominent source within a few kpc from the galaxy nucleus. We present
surface brightness profiles, derived from elliptical isophote fits, of all
galaxies for which the fit was successful. We use the fitted isophotes at radii
larger than 2" to check whether the location of the cluster coincides with the
photocenter of the galaxy, and confirm that in nearly all cases, we are truly
dealing with ``nuclear'' star clusters. From analytical fits to the surface
brightness profiles, we derive the cluster luminosities after subtraction of
the light contribution from the underlying galaxy disk and/or bulge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124794 </DOCNO>
The Cross-Spectra of Cir X-1: Evolution of Time Lags


  Earlier work showed that the track in the X-ray hardness-intensity diagram of
Cir X-1 corresponds to a Z track in its color-color diagram. In this paper, we
study the cross spectrum of Cir X-1 in different regions of the
hardness-intensity diagram with $RXTE$/PCA data. Comparing the light curves of
Cir X-1 for the energy band 1.8-5.1 keV to those for 5.1-13.1 keV, we find that
Cir X-1 exhibits a hard time lag on the horizontal branch, and a soft time lag
on both the normal and the flaring branch. This indicates that Cir X-1 is
similar to GX 5-1 and Cyg X-2 on the horizontal branch, but is different from
them on the normal branch. We briefly discuss the mechanism of the time lags in
the context of Comptonization models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97780 </DOCNO>
Exceptional sets in dynamical systems and Diophantine approximation


  The nature and origin of exceptional sets associated with the rotation number
of circle maps, Kolmogorov-Arnol'd-Moser theory on the existence of invariant
tori and the linearisation of complex diffeomorphisms are explained. The
metrical properties of these exceptional sets are closely related to
fundamental results in the metrical theory of Diophantine approximation. The
counterpart of Diophantine approximation in hyperbolic space and a dynamical
interpretation which led to the very general notion of `shrinking targets' are
sketched and the recent use of flows in homogeneous spaces of lattices in the
proof of the Baker-Sprindzuk conjecture is described briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6085 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Multiplicative Processes for Financial Markets


  We study a stochastic multiplicative system composed of finite asynchronous
elements to describe the wealth evolution in financial markets. We find that
the wealth fluctuations or returns of this system can be described by a walk
with correlated step sizes obeying truncated Levy-like distribution, and the
cross-correlation between relative updated wealths is the origin of the
nontrivial properties of returns, including the power law distribution with
exponent outside the stable Levy regime and the long-range persistence of
volatility correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73446 </DOCNO>
Models for RHIC and LHC: New Developments


  We outline inconsistencies in presently used models for high energy nuclear
scattering, which make their application quite unreliable. Many "successes" are
essentially based on an artificial freedom of parameters, which does not exist
when the models are constructed properly.
  The problem is the fact that any multiple scattering theory requires an
appropriate treatment of the energy sharing between the individual
interactions, which is technically very difficult to implement. Lacking a
satisfying solution to this problem, it has been simply ignored.
  We introduce a fully self-consistent formulation of the multiple-scattering
scheme. Inclusion of soft and hard components - very crucial at high energies -
appears in a "natural way", providing a smooth transition from soft to hard
physics.
  We can show that the effect of appropriately considering energy conservation
has a big influence on the results, and MUST therefore be included in any
serious calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87235 </DOCNO>
The Collapse of Large Extra Dimensions


  In models of spacetime that are the product of a four-dimensional spacetime
with an ``extra'' dimension, there is the possibility that the extra dimension
will collapse to zero size, forming a singularity. We ask whether this collapse
is likely to destroy the spacetime. We argue, by an appeal to the
four-dimensional cosmic censorship conjecture, that--at least in the case when
the extra dimension is homogeneous--such a collapse will lead to a singularity
hidden within a black string. We also construct explicit initial data for a
spacetime in which such a collapse is guaranteed to occur and show how the
formation of a naked singularity is likely avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97458 </DOCNO>
Topics in quantum statistical mechanics and operator algebras


  The language of operator algebras is of great help for the formulation of
questions and answers in quantum statistical mechanics. In Chapter 1 we present
a minimal mathematical introduction to operator algebras, with physical
applications in mind. In Chapter 2 we study some questions related to the
quantum statistical mechanics of spin systems, with particular attention to the
time evolution of infinite systems. The basic reference for these two chapters
is Bratteli-Robinson: Operator algebras and quantum statistical mechanics I,
II. In Chapter 3 we discuss the nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of quantum
spin systems, as it is currently being developped.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86336 </DOCNO>
On the Penrose inequality


  The purpose of this letter is to point out an argument which may ultimately
lead to a rigorous proof of the Penrose inequality in the general case. The
argument is a variation of Geroch's original proposal for a proof of the
positive energy theorem which was later adapted by Jang and Wald to apply to
initial data sets containing apparent horizons. The new input is to dispense
with the a priori restriction to an initial data set and to use the
four-dimensional structure of spacetime in an essential way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3216 </DOCNO>
Testing models for structural relaxation of viscous liquids by


  Based on the Tool-Narayanaswami formalism for structural relaxation we
propose an experiment which independent of the relaxation time distribution
determines the structural relaxation rate by subtracting relaxations following
two different temperature jumps. In particular, the experiment makes it
possible to evaluate the relaxation rate immediately following a temperature
jump - thus allowing one to distinguish the entropy model from others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76371 </DOCNO>
Soft Photon Spectrum in Orthopositronium and Vector Quarkonium Decays


  QED gauge invariance, when combined with analyticity, leads to constraints on
the low energy end of the emitted photon spectra. This is known as Low's
theorem. It is shown that the Ore-Powell result, as well as further
developments for the orthopositronium differential decay rate, are in
contradiction with Low's theorem, i.e. that their predicted soft photon spectra
are incorrect.
  A solution to this problem is presented. The implications for the
orthopositronium lifetime puzzle, the charmonium rho-pi puzzle, the prompt
photon spectrum in inclusive quarkonium decays and the extraction of alpha_S
from quarkonium annihilation rates are briefly commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41543 </DOCNO>
Hadronic B decays to open charm at the BaBar Experiment


  Using about 23M $B \bar B$ events collected in 1999-2000 with the BABAR
detector, we report on the decays $B \to D^{(*)}\bar D^{(*)}K$ and $B^0 \to
D^{*+}D^{*-}$. The branching fractions of the low background decay modes $B \to
D^{(*)}\bar D^{(*)}K$ are determined to be ${\cal B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}D^{0}K^+) =
(2.8 \pm 0.7 \pm 0.5)\times 10^{-3}$ and ${\cal B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}D^{*0}K^+) =
(6.8 \pm 1.7 \pm 1.7)\times 10^{-3}$, where the first error quoted is
statistical and the second systematic. Observation of a significant number of
candidates in the color-suppressed decay mode $B^+\to D^{*+}D^{*-}K^+$ is
reported with a branching fraction ${\cal B}(B^+\to D^{*+}D^{*-}K^+)= (3.4\pm
1.6\pm 0.9)\times 10^{-3}$. Decays of the type $B \to D^{(*)} \bar D^{(*)}$ can
be used to provide a measurement of the parameter $\sin 2 \beta$ of the
Unitarity Triangle. For this decay mode we measure a branching fraction of
${\cal BR} (B^0 \to D^{*+}D^{*-}) = (8.0 \pm 1.6\pm 1.2)\times 10^{-4}$. All
results presented here are preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76162 </DOCNO>
Numerical modelling of Bose-Einstein correlations


  We propose extension of the algorithm for numerical modelling of
Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC), which was presented some time ago in the
literature. It is formulated on quantum statistical level for a single event
and uses the fact that identical particles subjected to Bose statistics do
bunch themselves, in a maximal possible way, in the same cells in phase-space.
The bunching effect is in our case obtained in novel way allowing for broad
applications and fast numerical calculations. First comparison with $e^+e^-$
annihilations data performed by using simple cascade hadronization model is
very encouraging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168931 </DOCNO>
'Photosynthetic' Quantum Computers?


  Do quantum computers already exist in Nature? It is proposed that they do.
Photosynthesis is one example in which a 'quantum computer' component may play
a role in the 'classical' world of complex biological systems. A 'translation'
of the standard metabolic description of the 'front-end' light harvesting
complex in photosynthesis into the language of quantum computers is presented.
Biological systems represent an untapped resource for thinking about the design
and operation of hybrid quantum-classical computers and expanding our current
conceptions of what defines a 'quantum computer' in Nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6216 </DOCNO>
Effects of broken time-reversal symmetry on transmission zeros


  In this paper, we study the behavior of the transmission zeros and the
corresponding change in the transmission phase when the time-reversal symmetry
is broken by magnetic fields. For our study, we consider the closed
Aharonov-Bohm(AB) interferometer with various embedded scattering centers. We
find the following: (i) The transmission zeros are real when the AB flux is an
integer or a half-integer multiple of the flux quantum, and the transmission
phase jumps by $\pi$ at the zeros. (ii) The transmission zeros become complex
or are shifted off the real-energy axis when the magnetic AB flux is not an
integer or a half-integer multiple of the flux quantum, and the transmission
phase evolves continuously. (iii) The distance of the zeros from the
real-energy axis or the imaginary part of the transmission zeros is sinusoidal
as a function of the magnetic AB phase. We suggest the experimental setup which
can test our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74725 </DOCNO>
$\rho$ parameter constraints on radion phenomenology and a lower bound


  In this paper we determine the contribution of a light stabilized radion to
the weak isospin violating $\rho$ parameter by using an ultraviolet momentum
cut off as the regulator. The LEP1 bound on $\rho^{new}$ is then used to derive
constraints on the radion mass $\mphi$ and its vev $\vphi$. Finally by using
the beta function of the higgs self coupling we have determined a lower bound
on the higgs mass from the rho parameter constraints on $\mphi$ and $\vphi$.
Our results show that for $\mphi <$ 600 GeV the rho parameter bound on $m_h$ is
stronger than the present direct bound from LEPII.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86954 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution with \Lambda-Term and Any Linear equation of


  Recent observational indications of an accelerating universe enhance the
interest in studying models with a cosmological constant. We investigate
cosmological expansion (FRW metric) with $\Lambda>0$ for a general linear
equation of state $p=w\rho$, $w>-1$, so that the interplay between cosmological
vacuum and quintessence is allowed, as well.
  Four closed-form solutions (flat universe with any $w$, and $w=1/3$, $-1/3, 
-2/3$) are given, of which the last one appears to be new. For the open
universe a simple relation between solutions with different parameters is
established: it turns out that a solution with some $w$ and (properly scaled)
$\Lambda$ is expressed algebraically via another solution with special
different values of these parameters.
  The expansion becomes exponential at large times, and the amplitude at the
exponent depends on the parameters. We study this dependence in detail,
deriving various representations for the amplitude in terms of integrals and
series. The closed-form solutions serve as benchmarks, and the solution
transformation property noted above serves as a useful tool. Among the results
obtained, one is that for the open universe with relatively small cosmological
constant the amplitude is independent of the equation of state. Also, estimates
of the cosmic age through the observable ratio $\Omega_\Lambda/\Omega_M$ and
parameter $w$ are given; when inverted, they provide an estimate of $w$, i. e.,
the state equation, through the known age of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6137 </DOCNO>
Ordered low-temperature structure in K4C60 detected by infrared


  Infrared spectra of a K4C60 single-phase thin film have been measured between
room temperature and 20 K. At low temperatures, the two high-frequency T1u
modes appear as triplets, indicating a static D2h crystal-field stabilized
Jahn-Teller distortion of the (C60)4- anions. The T1u(4) mode changes into the
known doublet above 250 K, a pattern which could have three origins: a dynamic
Jahn-Teller effect, static disorder between "staggered" anions, or a phase
transition from an orientationally-ordered phase to one where molecular motion
is significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6376 </DOCNO>
Re-examination of orbital ordering in LaMnO$_3$: Electron-electron and


  The interactions between $e_g$ orbitals in neighboring sites are investigated
in LaMnO$_3$ by taking into account virtual exchange of electrons and phonons.
The spin and orbital ordering temperatures and the spin wave dispersion
relation are calculated. We find that the orbital ordering is mainly caused by
the electronic interactions and that the Jahn-Teller coupling is much smaller
than that reported previously. We propose that the elastic constant shows a
characteristic change at the N{\'e}el temperature by the spin and orbital
coupling and the higher-order Jahn-Teller coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 431 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Magnetic field effects on neutron diffraction in the


  Moreno and Sauls [Phys. Rev. B 63, 024419 (2000)] have recently tried to
reanalyze earlier neutron scattering studies of the antiferromagnetic order in
UPt3 with a magnetic field applied in the basal plane. In their calculation of
the magnetic Bragg peak intensities, they perform an average over different
magnetic structures belonging to distinct symmetry representations. This is
incorrect. In addition, they have mistaken the magnetic field direction in one
of the experiments, hence invalidating their conclusions concerning the
experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2384 </DOCNO>
Chiral Anomaly in Toroidal Carbon Nanotubes


  It is pointed out that the chiral anomaly in 1+1 dimensions should be
observed in toroidal carbon nanotubes on a planar geometry with varying
magnetic field. We show that the chiral anomaly is closely connected with the
persistent current in a one-dimensional metallic ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1850 </DOCNO>
Justification of the effective fractional Coulomb energy and the


  In order to calculate the effective mass of quasiparticles for a strongly
correlated metallic system in which the number of carriers, n, is less than
that of atoms (or lattices), l, the metallic system is averaged by one
effective charge per atom over all atomc sites. The effective charge of
carriers, <e>=(n/l)e={rho}e, and the on-site Coulomb repulsion,
U={rho}^2<e^2/r>={rho}^2kU_c, are defined and are justified by means of
measurement. {rho} is band filling and k is the correlation strength. The
effective mass, m^*/m=1/(1-k^2{rho}^4), calculated by the Gutzwiller
variational theory, is regarded as the average of the true effective mass in
the Brinkman-Rice (BR) picture and is the effect of measurement. The true
effective mass has the same value irrespective of {rho}, and is not measured
experimentally. The true correlation strength of the BR picture is evaluated as
0.90<k_{BR}<1 for Sr_{1-x}La_xTiO_3 and 0.92<k_{BR}<1 for YBCO. High-Tc
superconductivity for YBCO is attributed to the true effective mass caused by
the large k_{BR} value. The effective mass explains the metal-insulator
transition of the first order on band filling. Furthermore, the pseudogap is
predicted in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127653 </DOCNO>
Photospheric Abundances of Volatile and Refractory Elements in


  By using the high-dispersion spectra of 14 bright planet-harboring stars
(along with 4 reference stars) observed with the new coude echelle spectrograph
at Okayama Astrophysical Observatory, we investigated the abundances of
volatile elements (C, N, O, S, Zn; low condensation temperature Tc) in order to
examine whether these show any significant difference compared to the
abundances of other refractory elements (Si, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ni; high Tc) which
are known to be generally overabundant in those stars with planets, since a
Tc-dependence is expected if the cause of such a metal-richness is due to the
accretion of solid planetesimals onto the host star. We found, however, that
all elements we studied behave themselves quite similarly to Fe (i.e.,
[X/Fe]~0) even for the case of volatile elements, which may suggest that the
enhanced metallicity in those planet-bearing stars is not so much an acquired
character (by accretion of rocky material) as rather primordial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179187 </DOCNO>
Molecular-orbital structure in neutron-rich C isotopes


  The molecule-like structure of the C isotopes (A=12, 14, 16) is investigated
using a microscopic $\alpha+\alpha+\alpha+n+n+\cdot \cdot \cdot$ model. The
valence neutrons are classified based on the molecular-orbit (MO) model, and
both $\pi$-orbit and $\sigma$-orbit are introduced around three
$\alpha$-clusters. The valence neutrons which occupy the $\pi$-orbit increase
the binding energy and stabilize the linear-chain of 3$\alpha$ against the
breathing-like break-up. However, $^{14}$C with the $\pi$-orbit does not show
clear energy minimum against the bending-like path. The combination of the
valence neutrons in the $\pi$- and the $\sigma$-orbit is promising to stabilize
the linear-chain state against the breathing- and bending- modes, and it is
found that the excited states of $^{16}$C with the
$(3/2^-_\pi)^2(1/2^-_\sigma)^2$ configuration for the four valence neutrons is
one of the most promising candidates for such structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126123 </DOCNO>
Parasitic Light in NGST instruments: the accuracy of photometric


  A detailed analysis of NGST multiband photometry applied to the reference
case of the study of high-redshift galaxies has been carried out with
simulations based on galaxy SEDs derived from the currently available empirical
and model templates and on plausible standard filter-sets. In order to
correctly identify star forming galaxies in the redshift range 5<z<9 and
early-type galaxies above z>2 and avoid confusion with other SEDs it is
mandatory to have photometric information in optical bands, besides a standard
IR filter-set like F110 F160 K L M. In particular by adding the V606, I814 and
z-Gunn filters a good discrimination is obtained above z>5 for star forming
galaxies and z>1 for early-types. The case for an extension of the NGST
wavelength domain to the optical range is therefore strongly supported by this
analysis. The effects of leaks in the filter blocking have also been
investigated. In spite of rather pessimistic assumptions (a constant leak at a
level of 10^{-4} of the peak transmission over the whole spectral range or a
leak of Gaussian shape placed at 1.5 times the effective wavelength of the
filter with an amplitude of 10^{-3} of the peak transmission and a width of 5%
of the central wavelength) the effects are not dramatic: the accuracy of the
determination of photometric redshifts with a standard V606 I814 z-Gunn F110
F160 K L M filter set does not significantly deteriorate for a sample limited
to M_AB~30. In the range 5.5<z<12.5 a rather high accuracy with a typical error
|z_sim-z_phot|<=0.2 is achieved. With the filter blocking achieved by the
present standard technology, extended and continuous spectral coverage appears
to be the driving factor to maximize the scientific output.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126081 </DOCNO>
Bright X-Ray Sources in M31 Globular Clusters


  We have conducted Chandra observations of ~2560 square arcmin (~131 kpc^2) of
of M31, and find that the most luminous X-ray sources in our fields are in
globular clusters (GCs). Of the 28 GC X-ray sources in our fields, 17 are newly
discovered. Approximately 1/3 of all the sources have L_x([0.5-7] keV) >
10^{37} ergs/s; approximately 1/10 of all the sources have L_x([0.5-7] keV)
close to or above 10^{38} erg/s. The most luminous source, in the globular
cluster Bo 375, is consistently observed to have L_x greater than 2 x 10^{38}
ergs/s.
 (1) We present data on the spectra and/or light curves of the 5 most luminous
M31 GC sources.
 (2)We explore possible explanations for the high X-ray luminosities of the
brightest sources. These include that the X-ray sources may be composites, the
radiation we receive may be beamed, metallicity effects could be at work, or
the sources may be accreting black holes. We weigh each of these possibilities
against the data. In addition, we introduce a neutron star model in which mass
transfer proceeds on the thermal time scale of the donor star. Our model can
produce luminosities of several times 10^{38} ergs/s, and leads to a set of
well-defined predictions.
 (3) We compute the X-ray luminosity function and the distribution of counts in
wavebands that span the range of energies to which Chandra is sensitive. We
find the peak X-ray luminosity is higher and that systems with L_x > 10^{37}
ergs/s constitute a larger fraction of all GC sources than in the MW.
 (4) We study the possible reasons for this difference between M31 and Galactic
GC X-ray sources and identify three promising explanations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72798 </DOCNO>
Inelastic Rescattering in $B \to \pi \pi, K \bar{K}$


  Inelastic rescattering effects in B decays into a pair $PP$ of pseudoscalar
mesons ($PP = \pi \pi$ or $K\bar{K}$) are discussed. It is assumed that $B$
meson decays through a short-distance tree-diagram process into two jet-like
states composed of low-mass resonances $M_1 M_2$ which rescatter into $PP$. The
rescattering of resonance pair $M_1 M_2$ into the final $PP$ state is assumed
to proceed through a Regge flavour exchange. Since such processes constitute a
fraction,diminishing with increasing energy, of total inelastic $PP$
scattering, the inelastic rescattering contribution should die out for $m_B \to
\infty$. At $m_B = 5.2 ~GeV$, however, explicit estimates show that
rescattering corrections could be substantial, leading to long-distance
corrections to $B^0 \to K\bar{K}$, comparable to short-distance penguin
contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74035 </DOCNO>
Azimuthal decorrelation of forward and backward jets at the Tevatron


  We analyse the azimuthal decorrelation of Mueller-Navelet dijets produced in
the collisions at Tevatron energies using a BFKL framework which incorporates
dominant subleading effects. We show that these effects significantly reduce
the decorrelation yet they are still insufficient to give satisfactory
description of experimental data. However a good description of the data is
obtained after incorporating within formalism the effective rapidity defined by
Del Duca and Schmidt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125853 </DOCNO>
Q-ball candidates for self-interacting dark matter


  We show that non-topological solitons, known as Q-balls, are promising
candidates for self-interacting dark matter. They can satisfy the cross-section
requirements for a broad range of masses. Unlike previously considered
examples, Q-balls can stick together after collision, reducing the effective
self-interaction rate to a negligible value after a few collisions per
particle. This feature modifies predictions for halo formation. We also discuss
the possibility that Q-balls have large interaction cross-sections with
ordinary matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169296 </DOCNO>
Reply to ``The quantum algorithm of Kieu does not solve the Hilbert's


  The arguments employed in quant-ph/0111009, to claim that the quantum
algorithm in quant-ph/0110136 does not work, are so general that were they true
then the adiabatic theorem itself would have been wrong. As a matter of fact,
those arguments are only valid for the sudden approximation, not the adiabatic
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1115 </DOCNO>
Cost functions for pairwise data clustering


  Cost functions for non-hierarchical pairwise clustering are introduced, in
the probabilistic autoencoder framework, by the request of maximal average
similarity between the input and the output of the autoencoder. The partition
provided by these cost functions identifies clusters with dense connected
regions in data space; differences and similarities with respect to a well
known cost function for pairwise clustering are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 657 </DOCNO>
Interacting particles at a metal-insulator transition


  We study the influence of many-particle interaction in a system which, in the
single particle case, exhibits a metal-insulator transition induced by a finite
amount of onsite pontential fluctuations. Thereby, we consider the problem of
interacting particles in the one-dimensional quasiperiodic Aubry-Andre chain.
We employ the density-matrix renormalization scheme to investigate the finite
particle density situation. In the case of incommensurate densities, the
expected transition from the single-particle analysis is reproduced. Generally
speaking, interaction does not alter the incommensurate transition. For
commensurate densities, we map out the entire phase diagram and find that the
transition into a metallic state occurs for attractive interactions and
infinite small fluctuations -- in contrast to the case of incommensurate
densities. Our results for commensurate densities also show agreement with a
recent analytic renormalization group approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86817 </DOCNO>
On certain quasi-local spin-angular momentum expressions for large


  The recently suggested quasi-local spin-angular momentum expressions, based
on the Bramson superpotential and on the holomorphic or anti-holomorphic spinor
fields, are calculated for large spheres near the future null infinity of
asymptotically flat Einsten-Maxwell spacetimes. It is shown that although the
expression based on the anti-holomorphic spinors is finite and unambiguously
defined only in the center-of-mass frame (i.e. it diverges in general), the
corresponding Pauli-Lubanski spin is always finite, free of ambiguities, and is
built only from the gravitational data. Thus it defines a gravitational spin
expression at the future null infinity. The construction based on the
holomorphic spinors diverges in presence of outgoing gravitational radiation.
For stationary spacetimes both constructions reduce to the `standard'
expression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128590 </DOCNO>
Intracluster Planetary Nebulae in Virgo: Photometric selection,


  We have imaged an empty area of 34'x34' one and a half degree north of the
Virgo cluster core to survey for intracluster planetary nebula candidates. We
have implemented and tested a fully automatic procedure for the selection of
emission line objects in wide-field images, based on the on-off technique from
Ciardullo and Jacoby. Freeman et al. have spectroscopically confirmed a sample
of intracluster planetary nebulae in one Virgo field. We use the photometric
and morphological properties of this sample to test our selection procedure. In
our newly surveyed Virgo field, 75 objects were identified as best candidates
for intracluster PNe.
  The luminosity function of the spectroscopically confirmed PNe shows a
brighter cut-off than the planetary nebula luminosity function for the inner
regions of M87. Such a brighter cut-off is also observed in the newly surveyed
field and indicates a smaller distance modulus, implying that the front end of
the Virgo cluster is closer to us by a significant amount: 14% closer (2.1 Mpc)
than M87 for the spectroscopic field, using the PN luminosity function distance
of 14.9 Mpc to M87, and 19% closer (2.8 Mpc) than M87 for the newly surveyed
field. Independent distance indicators (Tully-Fisher relation for Virgo spirals
and surface brightness fluctuations for Virgo ellipticals) agree with these
findings.
  From these two Virgo cluster fields there is no evidence that the surface
luminosity density for the diffuse stellar component in the cluster decreases
with radius. The luminosity surface density of the diffuse stellar population
is comparable to that of the galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73628 </DOCNO>
One-loop Higgs mass finiteness in supersymmetric Kaluza-Klein theories


  We analyze the one-loop ultraviolet sensitivity of the Higgs mass in a
five-dimensional supersymmetric theory compactified on the orbifold S^1/Z_2,
with superpotential localized on a fixed-point brane. Four-dimensional
supersymmetry is broken by Scherk-Schwarz boundary conditions. Kaluza-Klein
interactions are regularized by means of a brane Gaussian distribution along
the extra dimension with length l_s\simeq\Lambda^{-1}_s, where \Lambda_s is the
cutoff of the five-dimensional theory. The coupling of the n-mode, with mass
M^{(n)}, acquires the n-dependent factor exp{-(M^{(n)}/\Lambda_s)^2/2}, which
makes it to decouple for M^{(n)}\gg \Lambda_s. The sensitivity of the Higgs
mass on \Lambda_s is strongly suppressed and quadratic divergences cancel by
supersymmetry. The one-loop correction to the Higgs mass is finite and equals,
for large values of \Lambda_s, the value obtained by the so-called
KK-regularization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6891 </DOCNO>
Color-Flavor Transformation for the Special Unitary Group


  We extend Zirnbauer's color-flavor transformation in the fermionic sector to
the case of the special unitary group. The transformation allows a certain
integral over SU(N_c) color matrices to be transformed into an integral over
flavor matrices which parameterize the coset space U(2N_f)/U(N_f)xU(N_f).
Integrals of the type considered appear, for example, in the partition function
of lattice gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179071 </DOCNO>
The Strange Quark-Gluon Plasma


  Strangeness flavor has turned out to be a very effective diagnostic tool of
relativistic heavy ion physics. The absolute yield provides information about
conditions arising in first instants of the interaction. Strange hadrons are
abundant allowing a precise study of the chemical freeze-out conditions in the
dense matter fireball. The thermal and chemical freeze-out universality seen in
strange hadrons confirms sudden hadronization as the breakup mechanism. A
plausible cause of sudden fireball breakup is the mechanical instability
arising when a quark-gluon plasma phase supercools deeply in its adiabatic
expansion. Applying these ideas, we interpret CERN-SPS and the first results on
hadronic particle ratios obtained at RHI

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179135 </DOCNO>
The stability of the scalar $\chi^2\phi$ interaction


  A scalar field theory with a $\chi^\dag\chi\phi$ interaction is known to be
unstable. Yet it has been used frequently without any sign of instability in
standard text book examples and research articles. In order to reconcile these
seemingly conflicting results, we show that the theory is stable if the Fock
space of all intermediate states is limited to a {\em finite} number of
$\chi{\bar\chi}$ loops associated with field $\chi$ that appears quadradically
in the interaction, and that instability arises only when intermediate states
include these loops to all orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125958 </DOCNO>
PTHalos: A fast method for generating mock galaxy distributions


  Current models of galaxy formation applied to understanding the large-scale
structure of the universe have two parts. The first is an accurate solution of
the equations of motion for the dark matter due to gravitational clustering.
The second consists of making physically reasonable approximations to the
behavior of baryons inside dark matter halos. The first uses large,
computationally intensive, $n$-body simulations. We argue that because the
second step is, at least at present, uncertain, it is possible to obtain
similar galaxy distributions without solving the first step exactly. We
describe an algorithm which is several orders of magnitude faster than n-body
simulations, but which is, nevertheless, rather accurate. The algorithm
combines perturbation theory with virialized halo models of the nonlinear
density and velocity fields. For two- and three-point statistics the resulting
fields are exact on large scales, and rather accurate well into the nonlinear
regime, particularly for two-point statistics in real and redshift space. We
then show how to use this algorithm to generate mock galaxy distributions from
halo occupation numbers. As a first application, we show that it provides a
good description of the clustering of galaxies in the PSCz survey. We also
discuss applications to the estimation of non-Gaussian contributions to error
bars and covariance matrix of the power spectrum, in real and redshift space,
for galaxies and dark matter. The results for the latter show good agreement
with simulations, supporting the use of our method to constrain cosmological
parameters from upcoming galaxy surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41078 </DOCNO>
Search for charged Higgs bosons in L3


  A search for pair-produced charged Higgs bosons is performed with the L3
detector at LEP using data collected at centre-of-mass energies between 200 and
209 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 217.8 pb^-1. We observe
an excess of events in the H+-H -> cscs and cs\tau\nu channels in the mass
region around 68 GeV, which is most significant at low values of the H+ ->
\tau\nu branching ratio. Including data taken at lower centre-of-mass energies,
the excess is compatible with a 4.4\sigma fluctuation in the background.
Interpreting this excess as a statistical fluctuation in the background, lower
limits on the charged Higgs mass are derived at the 95% confidence level. They
vary from 67.1 to 84.9 GeV as a function of the H+ -> \tau\nu branching ratio.
These results are PRELIMINARY.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3223 </DOCNO>
High transport critical current density obtained for


  MgB2 tapes and wires were fabricated by the Powder-In-Tube method. Stainless
steel and Cu-Ni tubes were used as sheath materials, and no heat treatment was
applied. The tapes made of stainless steel showed transport critical current
density Jc of about 10,000A/cm2 at 4.2K and 5T. A high Jc of about 300,000A/cm2
was obtained by extrapolating the Jc-B curves to zero field.
Multifilamentary(7-core) MgB2 wire was successfully fabricated using Cu-Ni
tubes. For both tapes and wires the grain connectivity of MgB2 was as good as a
high-pressure sintered bulk sample. However, the Jc of the Cu-Ni sheathed wire
was lower than the stainless steel sheathed tape due to the lower packing
density of MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73067 </DOCNO>
Bose Einstein condensation at reheating


  We discuss the possibility that a perturbative reheating stage after
inflation produces a scalar particle gas in a Bose condensate state,
emphasizing the possible cosmological role of this phenomenon for symmetry
restoration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169381 </DOCNO>
Quantum-Statistical Computation


  Systems of spin 1, such as triplet pairs of spin-1/2 fermions (like
orthohydrogen nuclei) make useful three-terminal elements for quantum
computation, and when interconnected by qubit equality relations are universal
for quantum computation. This is an instance of quantum-statistical
computation: some of the logical relations of the problem are satisfied
identically in virtue of quantum statistics, which takes no time. We show
heuristically that quantum-statistical ground-mode computation is substantially
faster than pure ground-mode computation when the ground mode is reached by
annealing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4396 </DOCNO>
Thickness dependence of the ground-state properties in thin films of the


  High-quality thin polycrystalline films of the heavy-fermion compound CeCu_6
were prepared by sputter deposition. The thicker of these films (with thickness
up to around 200 nm) reproduce the properties of the bulk compound CeCu_6. As
the thickness of the films is decreased, our measurements display strong
deviations from the bulk properties, namely, a suppression of the heavy-fermion
state. We show that possible `external' effects, like disorder, oxidation and
morphology can be excluded and that this size effect is therefore an intrinsic
property of CeCu_6. In addition, we investigate possible scenarios explaining
the size effect, and find that the proximity of CeCu_6 to a quantum phase
transition can account for this striking result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124577 </DOCNO>
Phase-resolved HST/STIS spectroscopy of the exposed white dwarf in the


  Phase-resolved HST/STIS ultraviolet spectroscopy of the high-field polar AR
UMa confirms that the WD photospheric Ly alpha Zeeman features are formed in a
magnetic field of ~200 MG. In addition to the Ly alpha pi and sigma+
components, we detect the forbidden hydrogen 1s0->2s0 transition, which becomes
``enabled'' in the presence of both strong magnetic and electric fields. Our
attempt in fitting the overall optical+UV low state spectrum with single
temperature magnetic WD models remains rather unsatisfactory, indicating either
a shortcoming in the present models or a new physical process acting in AR UMa.
As a result, our estimate of the WD temperature remains somewhat uncertain,
Twd=20000+-5000K. We detect a broad emission bump centered at ~1445A and
present throughout the entire binary orbit, and a second bump near ~1650A,
which appears only near the inferior conjunction of the secondary star. These
are suggestive of low harmonic cyclotron emission produced by low-level
(M-dot~1e-13 Msun/yr) accretion onto both magnetic poles. However, there is no
evidence in the power spectrum of light variations for accretion in gas blobs.
The observed Ly alpha emission line shows a strong phase dependence with
maximum flux and redshift near orbital phase phi~0.3, strongly indicating an
origin on the trailing hemisphere of the secondary star. An additional Ly alpha
absorption feature with similar phasing as the Ly alpha emission, but a
\~700km/s blueshift could tentatively be ascribed to absorption of WD emission
in a moderately fast wind. We derive a column density of neutral hydrogen of
NH=(1.1+-1.0)1e18 cm**-2, the lowest of any known polar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179316 </DOCNO>
Relativistic chiral SU(3) symmetry, large N_c sum rules and meson-baryon


  The relativistic chiral SU(3) Lagrangian is used to describe kaon-nucleon
scattering imposing constraints from the pion-nucleon sector and the
axial-vector coupling constants of the baryon octet states. We solve the
covariant coupled-channel Bethe-Salpeter equation with the interaction kernel
truncated at chiral order Q^3 where we include only those terms which are
leading in the large N_c limit of QCD. The baryon decuplet states are an
important explicit ingredient in our scheme, because together with the baryon
octet states they form the large N_c baryon ground states of QCD. Part of our
technical developments is a minimal chiral subtraction scheme within
dimensional regularization, which leads to a manifest realization of the
covariant chiral counting rules. All SU(3) symmetry-breaking effects are well
controlled by the combined chiral and large N_c expansion, but still found to
play a crucial role in understanding the empirical data. We achieve an
excellent description of the data set typically up to laboratory momenta of
p_lab about 500 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124226 </DOCNO>
The INTEGRAL Core Observing Programme


  The Core Programme (CP) of the INTEGRAL mission is defined as the portion of
the scientific observing programme covering the guaranteed time observations
for the PI collaborations and other members of the INTEGRAL Science Working
Team. During the first two years of the mission, the guaranteed observing time
uses 35% (year 1) and 30% (year 2) of the total annual observing time
(~26.6x10^{6}s per year). The Core Programme consists of three elements: a deep
exposure of the Galactic central radian, regular (weekly) scans of the Galactic
plane and pointed observations. This paper describes the current status of the
INTEGRAL Core Programme and summarizes the key elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174796 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity and mean transverse momentum fluctuations in Au + Au


  Strong modification of event-by-event fluctuations in global observables was
proposed by several authors as an indicator of the phase transition in system
evolution. We report the results of the analysis of STAR TPC data on the
charged multiplicity and mean transverse momentum fluctuations in Au+Au
collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=130 GeV. We discuss the centrality dependence of
the observed fluctuations and compare the results with available data from
lower collision energies and ISR data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129395 </DOCNO>
The high-field magnetic white dwarf LP 790-29: not a fast rotator


  We have investigated the nature of the magnetic white dwarf LP 790-29 = LHS
2293 by polarimetric monitoring, searching for short-term variability. No
periodicity was found and we can exclude rotation periods between 4 sec and 1.5
hour with a high confidence. Maximum amplitudes of sinusoidal variations are
Delta R < 0.009 mag and Delta V_R < 0.7% for a mean value of the R-band
circular polarization of V_R = +9.1+/-0.3%. Combined with earlier results by
other authors, our observation suggests that LP 790-29 is, in fact, an
extremely slowly rotating single white dwarf and not an unrecognized fast
rotator and/or disguised cataclysmic variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148921 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous breaking of the rotational symmetry induced by monopoles in


  We propose a field theoretical model that exhibits spontaneous breaking of
the rotational symmetry. The model has a two-dimensional sphere as extra
dimensions of the space-time and consists of a complex scalar field and a
background gauge field. The Dirac monopole, which is invariant under the
rotations of the sphere, is taken as the background field. We show that when
the radius of the sphere is larger than a certain critical radius, the vacuum
expectation value of the scalar field develops vortices, which pin down the
rotational symmetry to lower symmetries. We evaluate the critical radius and
calculate configurations of the vortices by the lowest approximation. The
original model has a $U(1) \times SU(2)$ symmetry and it is broken to U(1),
U(1), D_3 for each case of the monopole number q = 1/2, 1, 3/2, respectively,
where D_3 is the symmetry group of a regular triangle. Moreover, we show that
the vortex configurations are stable against higher corrections of the
perturbative approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6530 </DOCNO>
Universal Temperature Behavior of Remanent Magnetization Observed in


  A comparative study of the magnetic remanence exhibited by tridimensional
Josephson junction arrays in response to an excitation with an AC magnetic
field is presented. The observed temperature behavior of the remanence curves
for disordered arrays fabricated from three different materials (Nb,
YBa_2Cu_3O_7 and La_{1.85}Sr_{0.15}CuO_4) is found to follow the same universal
law (based on the explicit temperature expressions for the activation energy
and the inductance-dominated contribution to the magnetization of the array
within the framework of the phase-slip model) regardless of the origin of the
superconducting electrodes of the junctions which form the array.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5762 </DOCNO>
Self-assembled guanine ribbons as wide-bandgap semiconductors


  We present a first principle study about the stability and the electronic
properties of a new biomolecular solid-state material, obtained by the
self-assembling of guanine (G) molecules. We consider hydrogen-bonded planar
ribbons in isolated and stacked configurations. These aggregates present
electronic properties similar to inorganic wide-bandgap semiconductors. The
formation of Bloch-type orbitals is observed along the stacking direction,
while it is negligible in the ribbon plane. Global band-like conduction may be
affected by a dipole-field which spontaneously arises along the ribbon axis.
Our results indicate that G-ribbon assemblies are promising materials for
biomolecular nanodevices, consistently with recent experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124680 </DOCNO>
The milliJansky 12 micron Population: First Followup


  We present the first results of our followup programme of optical imaging and
spectroscopy of a deep 12 micron survey conducted with the ISO satellite
(Clements et al. 1999). We find that the objects are typically of fairly low
redshift (z ~ 0.1-0.2), but with a tail that extends to high redshifts. The
highest redshift object is a previously unknown quasar at z=1.2. The sample of
objects for which spectroscopy has been obtained forms a complete subsample of
the original survey with an R band magnitude limit of 19.6. We are thus able to
use accessible volume methods to determine the luminosity function. We find
that the luminosity function is close to the low redshift 12 micron luminosity
function determined by IRAS (Fang et al., 1998; Rush et al., 1993), but with a
possible excess at the highest luminosities, which also correspond to the
highest redshifts. This excess is compatible with the rapid luminosity
evolution of L ~ (1+z)^{4.5} claimed by Xu (2000) and suggested by Elbaz (1999)
on the basis of number counts. These conclusions remain tentative because of
small number statistics at the highest redshifts. Almost all of the galaxies in
this survey are emission line objects. We use the spectra to determine emission
line diagnostics for the underlying ionisation source. We find that the
majority of objects have HII region-like spectra (roughly 2/3) but there is a
significant fraction (about 1/3) that contain an AGN. This confirms suspicions
that deep mid-IR surveys will be a powerful way to find obscured AGN. Part of
the survey area has been imaged deeply by the INT Wide Field Camera. Nearly all
12 micron sources in this area have good optical identifications. The prospects
are thus good for obtaining complete spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123812 </DOCNO>
Models of circumstellar molecular radio line emission: Mass loss rates


  Using a detailed radiative transfer analysis, combined with an energy balance
equation for the gas, we have performed extensive modelling of circumstellar CO
radio line emission from a large sample of optically bright carbon stars. We
determine some of the basic parameters that characterize circumstellar
envelopes (CSEs), e.g., the stellar mass loss rate, the gas expansion velocity,
and the kinetic temperature structure of the gas.
  The derived mass loss rates span almost four orders of magnitude, from 5E-9
up to 2E-5 solar masses per year, with the median mass loss rate being 3E-7
solar masses per year. We estimate that the estimated mass loss rates are
typically accurate to 50% within the adopted circumstellar model. The physical
conditions prevailing in the CSEs vary considerably over such a large range of
mass loss rates. Among other things, it appears that the dust-to-gas mass ratio
and/or the dust properties change with the mass loss rate. We find that the
mass loss rate and the gas expansion velocity are well correlated, and that
both of them clearly depend on the pulsational period and (with larger scatter)
the stellar luminosity. Moreover, the mass loss rate correlates weakly with the
stellar effective temperature, in the sense that the cooler stars tend to have
higher mass loss rates, but there seems to be no correlation with the stellar
C/O-ratio. We conclude that the mass loss rate increases with increased regular
pulsation and/or luminosity, and that the expansion velocity increases as an
effect of increasing mass loss rate (for low mass loss rates) and luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127054 </DOCNO>
The QMAP and MAT/TOCO Experiments for Measuring Anisotropy in the Cosmic


  We describe two related experiments that measured the anisotropy in the
cosmic microwave background (CMB). QMAP was a balloon-borne telescope that flew
twice in 1996, collecting data on degree angular scales with an array of six
high electron mobility transistor-based amplifiers (HEMTs). QMAP was the first
experiment to use an interlocking scan strategy to directly produce high
signal-to-noise CMB maps. The QMAP gondola was then refit for ground based work
as the MAT/TOCO experiment. Observations were made from 5200 m on Cerro Toco in
Northern Chile in 1997 and 1998 using time-domain beam synthesis. MAT/TOCO was
the first experiment to see both the rise and fall of the CMB angular spectrum,
thereby localizing the position of the first peak to l_{peak}=216 +/- 14. In
addition to describing the instruments, we discuss the data selection methods,
checks for systematic errors, and we compare the MAT/TOCO results to those from
recent experiments. We also correct the data to account for an updated
calibration and a small contribution from foreground emission. We find the
amplitude of the first peak for l between 160 and 240 to be T_{peak}=80.9 +/-
3.4 +/- 5.1 uK, where the first error is statistical and the second is from
calibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125789 </DOCNO>
Electron-Ion Recombination on Grains and Polycyclic Aromatic


  With the high-resolution spectroscopy now available in the optical and
satellite UV, it is possible to determine the neutral/ionized column density
ratios for several different elements in a single cloud. Assuming ionization
equilibrium for each element, one can make several independent determinations
of the electron density. For the clouds for which such an analysis has been
carried out, these different estimates disagree by large factors, suggesting
that some process (or processes) besides photoionization and radiative
recombination might play an important role in the ionization balance. One
candidate process is collisions of ions with dust grains.
  Making use of recent work quantifying the abundances of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon molecules and other grains in the interstellar medium, as well as
recent models for grain charging, we estimate the grain-assisted ion
recombination rates for several astrophysically important elements. We find
that these rates are comparable to the rates for radiative recombination for
conditions typical of the cold neutral medium. Including grain-assisted ion
recombination in the ionization equilibrium analysis leads to increased
consistency in the various electron density estimates for the gas along the
line of sight to 23 Orionis. However, not all of the discrepancies can be
eliminated in this way; we speculate on some other processes that might play a
role. We also note that grain-assisted recombination of H+ and He+ leads to
significantly lower electron fractions than usually assumed for the cold
neutral medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2706 </DOCNO>
1/f noise at long time scales in self-organized criticality


  We show that slowly driven systems may evolve to a self-organized critical
state where correlations between avalanche events produce $1/f^{\alpha}$ noise
at long time scales. The avalanche sizes are distributed according to a power
law, $P(s) \sim s^{-\tau}$, and happen instantaneously in the limit of slow
driving. This is confirmed by numerical simulations of a simple deterministic
``train'' model, where the exponents at the slow external time scale, e.g.
$\alpha=(5\tau - 7)/(\tau-1)\simeq 1.38$, are determined only by the critical
coefficient of the avalanche distribution, $\tau$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113631 </DOCNO>
Motion, Universality of Velocities, Masses in Wave Universe. Transitive


  Wave Universe Concept (WU Concept) opens new wide possibilities for the
effective description of Elementar Objects of Matter (EOM) hierarchy, in
particular, of particles, resonances mass spectrum of subatomic (and HEP)
physics.
  The special attention to analysis and precise description of wide and
important set - Transitive states (resonances) of EOM is payed.
  Its are obtained sufficiently precise representations for mass values, cross
relations between masses of wide set objects of particle physics - metastable
resonances - (fast moving) Transitive states - in terms of representations of
Wave Universe Concept (WU Concept).
  Wide set of observed in experiments effects and connected with its resonances
(including - Darmstadt effect, ABC effect,etc.) may be effectively interpreted
in WU Concept and described with use of mass formula - as manifestation of
rapidly moving, physically distinguished transitive states (resonances)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6721 </DOCNO>
Finite-seza scaling in systems with long-range interaction


  The finite-size critical properties of the ${\cal O}(n)$ vector $\phi^4$
model, with long-range interaction decaying algebraically with the
interparticle distance $r$ like $r^{-d-\sigma}$, are investigated. The system
is confined to a finite geometry subject to periodic boundary condition.
Special attention is paid to the finite-size correction to the bulk
susceptibility above the critical temperature $T_c$. We show that this
correction has a power-law nature in the case of pure long-range interaction
i.e. $0<\sigma<2$ and it turns out to be exponential in case of short-range
interaction i.e. $\sigma=2$. The results are valid for arbitrary dimension $d$,
between the lower ($d_<=\sigma$) and the upper ($d_>=2\sigma$) critical
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6803 </DOCNO>
Acceleration of Phase Separation in Fe-base Ternary Alloys


  Mechanism for acceleration of phase separation in Fe-base ternary alloys was
investigated with use of a model based on the Cahn-Hilliard equation. Behavior
of the minor element in an Fe-base ternary alloy along the trajectory of the
peak of the major element is dependent on the sign of the second derivative of
the chemical free energy with respect to the concentrations of the major and
minor elements. However, the concentration of the major element along the
trajectory of its peak top increases with time regardless of the sign of the
second derivative of the chemical free energy. The addition of a substitutional
element to an Fe-base binary alloy with composition within the spinodal region
was found to accelerate phase separation

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96622 </DOCNO>
On the Equivalence Principle of Quantum Mechanics


  A recent concept in theoretical physics, motivated in string duality and
M-theory, is the notion that not all quantum theories arise from quantising a
classical system. Also, a given quantum model may possess more than just one
classical limit. In view of these developments, we analyse some general
properties that quantum mechanics must satisfy, if it is not to be formulated
as a quantisation of a given classical mechanics. Instead, our approach to
quantum mechanics is modelled on a statement that is close in spirit to the
equivalence principle of general relativity, thus bearing a strong resemblance
with the equivalence principle of quantum mechanics formulated by
Faraggi-Matone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74056 </DOCNO>
Magnetic dipole moment of the $\Delta^+$(1232) from the $\gamma p \to


  The $\gamma p \to \gamma \pi^0 p$ reaction in the $\Delta(1232)$-resonance
region is investigated as a method to access the $\Delta^+(1232)$ magnetic
dipole moment. The calculations are performed within the context of an
effective Lagrangian model containing both the $\Delta$-resonant mechanism and
a background of non-resonant contributions to the $\gamma p \to \gamma \pi^0 p$
reaction. Results are shown both for existing and forthcoming $\gamma p \to
\gamma \pi^0 p$ experiments. In particular, the sensitivity of unpolarized
cross sections and photon asymmetries to the $\Delta^+$ magnetic dipole moment
is displayed for those forthcoming data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83652 </DOCNO>
Optimization Over Zonotopes and Training Support Vector Machines


  We make a connection between classical polytopes called zonotopes and Support
Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. We combine this connection with the ellipsoid
method to give some new theoretical results on training SVMs. We also describe
some special properties of soft margin C-SVMs as parameter C goes to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129348 </DOCNO>
A new method for the estimate of H_0 from quadruply imaged gravitational


  We present a new method to estimate the Hubble constant H_0 from the measured
time delays in quadruply imaged gravitational lens systems. We show how it is
possible to get an estimate of H_0 without the need to completely reconstruct
the lensing potential thus avoiding any a priori hypotheses on the expression
of the galaxy lens model. Our method only needs to assume that the lens
potential may be expressed as r^{\alpha} F(\theta), whatever the shape function
F(\theta) is, and it is thus able to fully explore the degeneracy in the mass
models taking also into account the presence of an external shear. We test the
method on simulated cases and show that it does work well in recovering the
correct value of the slope \alpha of the radial profile and of the Hubble
constant H_0. Then, we apply the same method to the real quadruple lenses
PG1115+080 and B1422+231 obtaining H_0 = 58_{-15}^{+17} km/s/Mpc (68% CL).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73620 </DOCNO>
The reach of a future Linear Collider after the g-2 result


  Combining the cosmological requirement on dark matter with the recent BNL g-2
measurement it is argued that, within the mSUGRA framework, the preferred
region for SUSY mass parameters falls well inside the area covered by the
future linear colliders under consideration for right handed sleptons and of
the 2 lightest neutralinos. The coverage for the lightest chargino and left
handed sleptons is also favoured but with smaller confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5139 </DOCNO>
A quantum beam splitter for atoms


  An interferometric method is proposed to controllably split an atomic
condensate in two spatial components with strongly reduced population
fluctuations. All steps in our proposal are in current use in cold atom
laboratories, and we show with a theoretical calculation that our proposal is
very robust against imperfections of the interferometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149826 </DOCNO>
Seiberg Witten Map and the Axial Anomaly in Noncommutative Field Theory


  Using the point-splitting regularisation, we calculate the axial anomaly in
an arbitrary even dimensional Non-Commutative (NC) field theory. Our result is
(star) gauge invariant in its {\it unintegrated} form, to the leading order in
the NC parameter.
  Exploiting the Seiberg Witten map, this result gets transformed to the
familiar Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly in ordinary space-time. Furthermore, using
this map, we derive an expression for the unintegrated axial anomaly for
constant fields in NC space-time, that is valid to all finite orders of the NC
parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98402 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Ruelle Operator and invariant line fields problem II


  Let R be rational map. Critical point c is called summable if series
$\sum_i\frac{1}{(R^i)'(R(c))}$ is absolutely convergent. Under some topological
condition on postcritical set we prove that R can not be structurally stable if
summable critical point $c \in J(R)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3649 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of mesoscopic cylinders with enhanced surface


  The superconducting state of an infinitely long superconducting cylinder
surrounded by a medium which enhances its superconductivity near the boundary
is studied within the nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau theory. This enhancement can be
due to the proximity of another superconductor or due to surface treatment.
Quantities like the free energy, the magnetization and the Cooper-pair density
are calculated. Phase diagrams are obtained to investigate how the critical
field and the critical temperature depend on this surface enhancement for
different values of the Ginzburg-Landau parameter \kappa. Increasing the
superconductivity near the surface leads to higher critical fields and critical
temperatures. For small cylinder diameters only giant vortex states nucleate,
while for larger cylinders multivortices can nucleate. The stability of these
multivortex states also depends on the surface enhancement. For type-I
superconductors we found the remarkable result that for a range of values of
the surface extrapolation length the superconductor can transit from the
Meissner state into superconducting states with vorticity L > 1. Such a
behaviour is not found for the case of large \kappa, i.e. type-II
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123655 </DOCNO>
Measuring the brightness temperature distribution of extragalactic radio


  We have used VSOP space very long baseline interferometry observations to
measure the brightness temperature distribution of a well-defined sub-set of
the Pearson-Readhead sample of extragalactic radio sources. VLBI which is
restricted to Earth-diameter baselines is not generally sensitive to emitting
regions with brightness temperatures greater than approximately $10^{12}$ K,
coincidentally close to theoretical estimates of brightness temperature limits,
$10^{11} - 10^{12}$ K. We find that a significant proportion of our sample have
brightness temperatures greater than $10^{12}$ K; many have unresolved
components on the longest baselines, and some remain completely unresolved.
These observations begin to bridge the gap between the extended jets seen with
ground-based VLBI and the microarcsecond structures inferred from intraday
variability, evidenced here by the discovery of a relationship between intraday
variability and VSOP-measured brightness temperature, likely due to the effects
of relativistic beaming. Also, lower limits on jet Lorentz factors, estimated
from space VLBI observations, are starting to challenge numerical simulations
that predict low Lorentz factor jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96419 </DOCNO>
Some closed formulas for canonical bases of Fock spaces


  We give some closed formulas for certain vectors of the canonical bases of
the Fock space representation of U_v(sl^_n). As a result, a combinatorial
description of certain parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for affine type A
is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76446 </DOCNO>
Polarization Effects in B -> K_1(1270) + J/\Psi Decays


  The joint angular distribution of the decay B \to J/\Psi V, where V is an
axial vector or vector resonance, followed by the subsequent decay processes of
the J/\Psi and V is calculated using the covariant density method. In
particular, the case where V is the axial vector meson K_1(1270) which decays
into K \rho is considered as well as the case that V is the vector meson
K^\ast(890) which decays into K \pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99026 </DOCNO>
Moments of characteristic polynomials enumerate two-rowed lexicographic


  A combinatorial interpretation is provided for the moments of characteristic
polynomials of random unitary matrices. This leads to a rather unexpected
consequence of the Keating and Snaith conjecture: the moments of
$\mid\xi(1/2+it)\mid$ turn out to be connected with some increasing
subsequences problems (such as the last passage percolation problem).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2569 </DOCNO>
Kondo resonance in a multi-probe quantum dot


  We present a theoretical analysis of a possible route for directly detecting
Kondo resonances in local density of states (LDOS) of an interacting quantum
dot. By very weakly couple a third and/or a fourth lead to a two-probe quantum
dot and measuring differential conductance through these extra links, we show
that Kondo peaks directly map onto the differential conductance measured from
the third link. We analyze the conditions by which this detection of Kondo
peaks in LDOS is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5648 </DOCNO>
Thermoelectric properties of the degenerate Hubbard model


  We investigate the thermoelectric properties of a system near a pressure
driven Mott-Hubbard transition. The dependence of the thermopower and the
figure of merit on pressure and temperature within a degenerate Hubbard model
for integer filling n=1 is calculated using dynamical mean field theory.
Quantum Monte Carlo method is used to solve the impurity model. Obtained
results can qualitatively explain thermoelectric properties of various strongly
correlated materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127082 </DOCNO>
First Simultaneous Optical and EUV Observations of the Quasi-Coherent


  Using EUV photometry obtained with the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE)
satellite and UBVR optical photometry obtained with the 2.7-m telescope at
McDonald Observatory, we have detected quasi-coherent oscillations (so-called
``dwarf nova oscillations'') in the EUV and optical flux of the dwarf nova SS
Cygni during its 1996 October outburst. There are two new results from these
observations. First, we have for the first time observed ``frequency
doubling:'' during the rising branch of the outburst, the period of the EUV
oscillation was observed to jump from 6.59 s to 2.91 s. Second, we have for the
first time observed quasi-coherent oscillations simultaneously in the optical
and EUV. We find that the period and phase of the oscillations are the same in
the two wavebands, finally confirming the long-held assumption that the periods
of the optical and EUV/soft X-ray oscillations of dwarf novae are equal. The
UBV oscillations can be simply the Rayleigh-Jeans tail of the EUV oscillations
if the boundary layer temperature kT_bb <~ 15 eV and hence the luminosity L_bb
>~ 1.2e34 (d/75 pc)^2 erg/s (comparable to that of the accretion disk).
Otherwise, the lack of a phase delay between the EUV and optical oscillations
requires that the optical reprocessing site lies within the inner third of the
accretion disk. This is strikingly different from other cataclysmic variables,
where much or all of the disk contributes to the optical oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1821 </DOCNO>
Extreme Value Statistics of Hierarchically Correlated Variables:


  We study analytically the distribution of the minimum of a set of
hierarchically correlated random variables $E_1$, $E_2$, $...$, $E_N$ where
$E_i$ represents the energy of the $i$-th path of a directed polymer on a
Cayley tree. If the variables were uncorrelated, the minimum energy would have
an asymptotic Gumbel distribution. We show that due to the hierarchical
correlations, the forward tail of the distribution of the minimum energy
becomes highly nnon universal, depends explicitly on the distribution of the
bond energies $\epsilon$ and is generically different from the
super-exponential forward tail of the Gumbel distribution. The consequence of
these results to the persistence of hierarchically correlated random variables
is discussed and the persistence is also shown to be generically anomalous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114261 </DOCNO>
o-Positronium scattering off H and He


  Exploiting an approach similar to the R-matrix theory, the diffusion Monte
Carlo method is employed to compute phase shifts and threshold cross sections
for the elastic scattering of o-positronium off light atoms. Results are
obtained for Ps-H and Ps-He as representative cases of open and closed shell
targets. The method allows for an exact treatment of both correlation and
exchange interactions, and represents the most promising approach to deal with
these effects in more complicated targets. In particular the Ps-He threshold
cross section, computed in a many body framework for the first time, represents
a standard by which past and future numerical and experimental estimates can be
judged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124632 </DOCNO>
Temporal properties of short GRBs


  We analyze a sample of bright short bursts from the BATSE 4B-catalog and find
that many short bursts are highly variable ($\delta t_{min}/T\ll 1$, where
$\delta t_{min}$ is the shortest pulse duration and T is the burst duration).
This indicates that it is unlikely that short bursts are produced by external
shocks. We also analyze the available (first 1-2 seconds) high resolution (TTE)
data of some of the long bursts. We find that variability on a 10ms time-scale
is common in long bursts. This result shows that some long bursts are even more
variable than it was thought before ($\delta t_{min}/T\approx 10^{-4}-10^{-3}$
)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96167 </DOCNO>
The Chow ring of the symmetric space Gl(2n,C)/SO(2n,C)


  We show this Chow ring is $\Z \oplus \Z$. We do this by partitioning the
space into 2n subvarieties each of which is fibered over
$Gl(2n-2,\C)/SO(2n-2,\C)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2335 </DOCNO>
Doping dependence of the electrical and thermal transport properties of


  The thermoelectric power S and the thermal conductivity k of stoichiometric
and vacancy-doped CaB6 have been measured between 5 and 300 K. The thermopower
of both materials is surprisingly large at room temperature. Across the whole
covered temperature range, S is negative and the temperature dependence is most
likely dictated by band-structure effects. The empirical interpretation of our
data involves a calculation of the thermoelectric power by using the Boltzmann
equation in the relaxation-time approximation and the assumption of a defect
band in the proximity of the lower edge of the conduction band. Good agreement
with our data is found by considering acoustic-phonon and ionized-impurity
scattering for the electrons in the conduction band which is well separated
from the valence band. The thermal conductivity k(T), predominantly due to
phonons, may also be described quite well across the whole covered temperature
regime on the basis of a Debye-type relaxation-time approximation and assuming
the concurring influence of boundary-, dislocation-, Rayleigh-, and
resonant-scattering on the mean free path of the phonons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85803 </DOCNO>
On the high derivative fermionic operator and trace anomaly


  We construct a new example of the high derivative four-dimensional conformal
operator. This operator acts on fermions, and its contribution to the trace
anomaly has opposite sign, as compared to conventional scalars, spinors and
vectors. Possible generalizations and applications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97867 </DOCNO>
On the Chow ring of a K3 surface


  Though the Chow group of 0-cycles on a K3 surface is quite large, we observe
that the subgroup generated by product of divisors is cyclic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129318 </DOCNO>
The Impact of Cooling and Feedback on Disc Galaxies


  We present detailed, analytical models for the formation of disc galaxies to
investigate the impact that cooling and feedback have on their structural
properties. In particular, we investigate which observables extracted directly
from the models are best suited as virial mass estimators, and to what extent
they allow the recovery of the model input parameters regarding the feedback
and cooling efficiencies. Contrary to naive expectations, the luminosities and
circular velocities of disc galaxies are extremely poor indicators of total
virial mass. Instead, we show that the product of disc scale length and
rotation velocity squared yields a much more robust estimate. We show that
feedback can cause a narrow correlation between galaxy mass fraction and halo
spin parameter, similar to that found recently by van den Bosch, Burkert and
Swaters from an analysis of dwarf galaxy rotation curves. Finally we
investigate the impact that cooling and feedback have on the colors,
metallicities, star formation histories and Tully-Fisher relation of disc
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126231 </DOCNO>
Fitting Zodiacal Models


  Models of the zodiacal light are necessary to convert measured data taken
from low Earth orbit into the radiation field outside the solar system. The
uncertainty in these models dominates the overall uncertainty in determining
the extragalactic background light for wavelengths < 100 microns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148236 </DOCNO>
Radially infalling brane and moving domain wall in the brane cosmology


  We discuss the brane cosmology in the 5D anti de Sitter Schwarzschild
(AdSS$_5$) spacetime. A brane with the tension $\sigma$ is defined as the edge
of an AdSS$_5$ space. We point out that the location of the horizon is an
apparently, singular point at where we may not define an embedding of the
AdSS$_5$ spacetime into the moving domain wall (MDW). We resolve this problem
by introducing a radially infalling brane (RIB) in AdSS$_5$ space, where an
apparent singularity turns out to be a coordinate one. Hence the
CFT/FRW-cosmology is well-defined at the horizon. As an example, an universal
Cardy formula for the entropy of the CFT can be given by the Friedmann equation
at the horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1343 </DOCNO>
Deciphering the folding kinetics of transmembrane helical proteins


  Nearly a quarter of genomic sequences and almost half of all receptors that
are likely to be targets for drug design are integral membrane proteins.
Understanding the detailed mechanisms of the folding of membrane proteins is a
largely unsolved, key problem in structural biology. Here, we introduce a
general model and use computer simulations to study the equilibrium properties
and the folding kinetics of a $C_{\alpha}$-based two helix bundle fragment
(comprised of 66 amino-acids) of Bacteriorhodopsin. Various intermediates are
identified and their free energy are calculated toghether with the free energy
barrier between them. In 40% of folding trajectories, the folding rate is
considerably increased by the presence of non-obligatory intermediates acting
as traps. In all cases, a substantial portion of the helices is rapidly formed.
This initial stage is followed by a long period of consolidation of the helices
accompanied by their correct packing within the membrane. Our results provide
the framework for understanding the variety of folding pathways of helical
transmembrane proteins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124909 </DOCNO>
Effects of perturbing forces on the orbital stability of planetary


  We consider dynamical effects of additional perturbative forces due to the
non-point mass nature of stars and planets: effects such as quadrupolar
distortion and tidal friction in the systems of exo-planets. It is shown that
these forces should not be neglected while modelling the dynamics of planetary
systems, especially taking into account the undefined real masses of the
planets due to unknown orbital inclinations and the unsatisfactory application
of Keplerian fits to the radial velocity data in multiple planetary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41499 </DOCNO>
Review of experimental results from SND detector


  The review of experimental results obtained with SND detector at VEPP-2M
$e^+e^-$ collider in the energy region $\sqrt[]{s}=0.36$ -- 1.38 GeV is given.
The presented results include the following items: studies of the light vector
mesons radiative decays, OZI-rule and G-parity suppressed $\phi$-meson rare
decays, $\phi$-meson parameters measurements, studies of
$e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ process dynamics, $\eta$ and $K_S$ mesons rare
decays, $\eta$ and $\phi$ mesons conversion decays, and study of the $e^+e^-$
annihilation into hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149167 </DOCNO>
Classifying orientifolds by flat n-gerbes


  The discrete tensorial charges carried by orientifold planes define n-gerbes
in space-time. The simplest way to ensure a consistent string compactification
is to require these gerbes to be flat. This results in expressions for the
local gerbe-holonomies around each orientifold plane, describing its charges.
Inverting the procedure and considering all flat gerbes leads to a
classification of orientifold configurations. Requiring that the tadpole is
cancelled by adding D-branes, we classify all supersymmetric orientifolds on
T^k/Z_2 with 2^k O(9-k) planes at the fixed points, for k less or equal to 6.
For k=6 these theories organize in orbits of the SL(2,Z) S-duality symmetry of
N=4 supersymmetric gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 514 </DOCNO>
Langevin Simulation of Thermally Activated Magnetization Reversal in


  Numerical solutions of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert micromagnetic model
incorporating thermal fluctuations and dipole-dipole interactions (calculated
by the Fast Multipole Method) are presented for systems composed of nanoscale
iron pillars of dimension 9 nm x 9 nm x 150 nm. Hysteresis loops generated
under sinusoidally varying fields are obtained, while the coercive field is
estimated to be 1979 $\pm$ 14 Oe using linear field sweeps at T=0 K. Thermal
effects are essential to the relaxation of magnetization trapped in a
metastable orientation, such as happens after a rapid reversal of an external
magnetic field less than the coercive value. The distribution of switching
times is compared to a simple analytic theory that describes reversal with
nucleation at the ends of the nanomagnets. Results are also presented for
arrays of nanomagnets oriented perpendicular to a flat substrate. Even at a
separation of 300 nm, where the field from neighboring pillars is only $\sim$ 1
Oe, the interactions have a significant effect on the switching of the magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74503 </DOCNO>
Off-Shell Formulation of Supergravity on Orbifold


  An off-shell formulation is given for the ``supersymmetry in singular
spaces'' which has recently been developed in an on-shell formalism by
Bergshoeff, Kallosh and Van Proeyen using supersymmetry singlet `coupling
constant' field and 4-form multiplier field in five-dimensional space-time. We
present this formulation for a general supergravity-Yang-Mills-hypermultiplet
coupled system compactified on an orbifold $S^1/Z_2$. Relations between the
bulk cosmological constant and brane tensions of the boundary planes are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126190 </DOCNO>
Microwave plasma emission of a flare on AD Leo


  An intense radio flare on the dMe star AD Leo, observed with the Effelsberg
radio telescope and spectrally resolved in a band of 480 MHz centred at 4.85
GHz is analysed. A lower limit of the brightness temperature of the totally
right handed polarized emission is estimated as T_b ~ 5x10^10 K (with values
T_b > ~3x10^13 K considered to be more probable), which requires a coherent
radio emission process. In the interpretation we favour fundamental plasma
radiation by mildly relativistic electrons trapped in a hot and dense coronal
loop above electron cyclotron maser emission. This leads to densities and
magnetic field strengths in the radio source of n ~ 2x10^11 cm^-3 and B ~ 800
G. Quasi-periodic pulsations during the decay phase of the event suggest a loop
radius of r ~ 7x10^8 cm. A filamentary corona is implied in which the dense
radio source is embedded in hot thin plasma with temperature T >= 2x10^7 K and
density n_ext <= 10^-2 n. Runaway acceleration by sub-Dreicer electric fields
in a magnetic loop is found to supply a sufficient number of energetic
electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125165 </DOCNO>
Hope and Inquietudes in Nucleo-cosmochronology


  Critical views are presented on some nucleo-cosmochronological questions.
Progress has been made recently in the development of the 187Re-187Os
cosmochronometry. From this, there is good hope for this clock to become of the
highest quality for the nuclear dating of the Universe. The simultaneous
observation of Th and U in ultra-metal-poor stars would also be a most
interesting prospect. In contrast, a serious inquietude is expressed about the
reliability of the chronometric attempts based on the classical 232Th-238U and
235U-238U pairs, as well as on the Th (without U) abundance determinations in
ultra-metal poor stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83842 </DOCNO>
Globalization and Governance in Cyberspace: Mapping the Processes of


  This paper develops a theoretical perspective on globalization and the
Information Society and combines it with a critical usage of international
regime theory as a heuristic for understanding the current historical period of
transition from an international telecommunicaitons regime (Cowhey, 1990; 1994)
to a new and complex regime aimed at providing governance for the Global
Information Infrastructure and Global Information Society (GII/GIS). In
analyzing the principles, values, norms, rules, collective decision-making
prdocedures, and enforcement mechanisms of the emergent GII/GIS regime, this
paper differentiates between three regime levels: (1) Macro-Regime--global; (2)
Mezzo-Regime--regional and sub-regional; and (3) Micro-Regime--national. The
paper employs a case-study approach to explore some of the specific national
responses (i.e. South Africa) to this regime transition, with an analysis of
potential best practices and lessons learned for other emerging economies. Key
findings in this paper are: (1) that a range of social, political, economic,
and technological factors are eroding the existing international
telecommunications regime (e.g., VOIP;, call-back, VSATs, accounting rate
restructuring, pressure for applicaitons development, and SMMEs); (2) a new
regime for global information and communicaitons policy is emerging, but is
being driven not by the broad possibilities of the Information Society, but by
the more specific interests of global and multi-national corporations related
to global e-commerce; (3) numerous strategic responses have been developed at
national, subregional, and regional levels to the challenges of this transition
in both developed and developing regions; and (4) without a collaborative
response, the developing world will be further marginalized by this new regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169537 </DOCNO>
Quantum Integration in Sobolev Classes


  We study high dimensional integration in the quantum model of computation. We
develop quantum algorithms for integration of functions from Sobolev classes
$W^r_p([0,1]^d)$ and analyze their convergence rates. We also prove lower
bounds which show that the proposed algorithms are, in many cases, optimal
within the setting of quantum computing. This extends recent results of Novak
on integration of functions from H\"older classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148063 </DOCNO>
Hidden supersymmetries in supersymmetric quantum mechanics


  We discuss the appearance of additional, hidden supersymmetries for simple
0+1 $Ad(G)$-invariant supersymmetric models and analyse some geometrical
mechanisms that lead to them. It is shown that their existence depends
crucially on the availability of odd order invariant skewsymmetric tensors on
the (generic) compact Lie algebra $\cal G$, and hence on the cohomology
properties of the Lie algebra considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97973 </DOCNO>
Maximal Coactions


  A coaction d of a locally compact group G on a C*-algebra A is maximal if a
certain natural map from A times_d G times_{d hat} G onto A otimes K(L^2(G)) is
an isomorphism. All dual coactions on full crossed products by group actions
are maximal; a discrete coaction is maximal if and only if A is the full
cross-sectional algebra of the corresponding Fell bundle. For every
nondegenerate coaction of G on A, there is a maximal coaction of G on an
extension of A such that the quotient map induces an isomorphism of the crossed
products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123758 </DOCNO>
The SDSS Imaging Pipelines


  We summarise the properties of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) project,
discuss our software infrastructure, and outline the architecture of the SDSS
image processing pipelines.
  We then discuss two of the algorithms used in the SDSS image processing; the
KL-transform based modelling of the spatial variation of the PSF, and the use
of galaxy models in star/galaxy separation.
  We conclude with the first author's personal opinions on the challenges that
the astronomical community faces with major software projects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4484 </DOCNO>
Polymers in long-range-correlated disorder


  We study the scaling properties of polymers in a d-dimensional medium with
quenched defects that have power law correlations ~r^{-a} for large separations
r. This type of disorder is known to be relevant for magnetic phase
transitions. We find strong evidence that this is true also for the polymer
case. Applying the field-theoretical renormalization group approach we perform
calculations both in a double expansion in epsilon=4-d and delta=4-a up to the
1-loop order and secondly in a fixed dimension (d=3) approach up to the 2-loop
approximation for different fixed values of the correlation parameter, 2=<a=<3.
In the latter case the numerical results need appropriate resummation. We find
that the asymptotic behavior of self-avoiding walks in three dimensions and
long-range-correlated disorder is governed by a set of separate exponents. In
particular, we give estimates for the 'nu' and 'gamma' exponents as well as for
the correction-to-scaling exponent 'omega'. The latter exponent is also
calculated for the general m-vector model with m=1,2,3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3539 </DOCNO>
Structural view of hexagonal non-perovskite AMnO3


  We refined the crystal structure of AMnO3, with A = Y, Er, Yb and Lu by
single crystal x-ray diffraction. Our results show some distinct differences
with previous reports on LuMnO3 and YbMnO3. We show that the ferroelectric
behaviour is originated in the dipole moment at the A-site, and not, as is the
common opinion, at the Mn site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113845 </DOCNO>
Fundamentals of Gas Micropattern Detectors


  We performed a new series of systematic studies of gain and rate
characteristics of several micropattern gaseous detectors. Extending earlier
studies, these measurements were done at various pressures, gas mixtures, at a
wide range of primary charges and also when the whole area of the detectors was
irradiated with a high intensity x-ray beam. Several new effects were
discovered, common to all tested detectors, which define fundamental limits of
operation. The results of these studies allow us to identify several concrete
ways of improving the performance of micropattern detectors and to suggest that
in some applications RPCs may constitute a valid alternative. Being protected
from damaging discharges by the resistive electrodes, these detectors feature
high gain, high rate capability (10^5 Hz/mm^2), good position resolution
(better than 30 micrometer) and excellent timing (50 ps sigma).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3151 </DOCNO>
Random energy levels and low-temperature expansions for spin glasses


  In a previous paper (cond-mat/0106554) we showed the existence of two new
zero-temperature exponents (\lambda and \theta') in two dimensional Gaussian
spin glasses. Here we introduce a novel low-temperature expansion for spin
glasses expressed in terms of the gap probability distributions for successive
energy levels. After presenting the numerical evidence in favor of a
random-energy levels scenario, we analyze the main consequences on the
low-temperature equilibrium behavior. We find that the specific heat is
anomalous at low-temperatures c ~ T**\alpha with \alpha=-d/\theta' which turns
out to be linear for the case \theta'=-d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123353 </DOCNO>
Improvement of the Spatial Resolution of the ACIS Using Split Pixel


  The position accuracy of X-ray photons on a CCD detector is generally
believed to be limited by the CCD pixel size. While this is true in general,
the position accuracy for X-ray events which deposit charge in more than one
pixel can be better than that of the CCD pixel size. Since the position
uncertainty for corner events is much better than the pixel size, we can
improve the Chandra ACIS spatial resolution by selecting only these events.
  We have analyzed X-ray images obtained with the Chandra ACIS for six
point-like sources observed near the optical axis. The image quality near the
optical axis is characterized by a half power diameter (HPD) of $0.^{\!\!\prime
\prime}66$ that is a convolution of the PSF of the HRMA and the CCD pixel shape
($24\,\mu$m square). By considering only corner events the image quality is
improved to $0.^{\!\!\prime \prime}56$ (HPD), which is very close to the image
quality of the HRMA alone. We estimated the degradation of the image quality
obtained by using all events, compared to that obtained using only corner
events, to be $0.^{\!\!\prime \prime}33$, which coincides with that expected
from the pixel size. Since the fraction of the corner events is relatively
small, this technique requires correspondingly longer exposure time to achieve
good statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3170 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity, phase fluctuations and the c-axis conductivity of


  We present a theory of the interplane conductivity of bilayer high
temperature superconductors, focusing on the effect of quantal and thermal
fluctuations on the oscillator strengths of the superfluid stiffness and the
bilayer plasmon. We find that the opening of the superconducting gap and
establishment of superconducting phase coherence each lead to redistribution of
spectral weight over wide energy scales. The factor-of-two relation between the
superfluid stiffness and the change below $T_c$ in the oscillator strength of
the absorptive part of the conductivity previously derived for single-layer
systems, is found to be substantially modified in bilayer systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125456 </DOCNO>
Measuring large-scale structure with the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey


  The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey is the first to measure more than 100,000
redshifts. This allows precise measurements of many of the key statistical
measures of galaxy clustering, in particular redshift-space distortions and the
large-scale power spectrum. This paper presents the current 2dFGRS results in
these areas. Redshift-space distortions are detected with a high degree of
significance, confirming the detailed Kaiser distortion from large-scale infall
velocities, and measuring the distortion parameter beta = 0.43 +/- 0.07. The
power spectrum is measured to < 10% accuracy for k > 0.02 h Mpc^-1, and is well
fitted by a CDM model with Omega_m h = 0.20 +/- 0.03 and a baryon fraction of
0.15 +/- 0.07.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83675 </DOCNO>
A note on radial basis function computing


  This note carries three purposes involving our latest advances on the radial
basis function (RBF) approach. First, we will introduce a new scheme employing
the boundary knot method (BKM) to nonlinear convection-diffusion problem. It is
stressed that the new scheme directly results in a linear BKM formulation of
nonlinear problems by using response point-dependent RBFs, which can be solved
by any linear solver. Then we only need to solve a single nonlinear algebraic
equation for desirable unknown at some inner node of interest. The numerical
results demonstrate high accuracy and efficiency of this nonlinear BKM
strategy. Second, we extend the concepts of distance function, which include
time-space and variable transformation distance functions. Finally, we
demonstrate that if the nodes are symmetrically placed, the RBF coefficient
matrices have either centrosymmetric or skew centrosymmetric structures. The
factorization features of such matrices lead to a considerable reduction in the
RBF computing effort. A simple approach is also presented to reduce the
ill-conditioning of RBF interpolation matrices in general cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7280 </DOCNO>
Proton Spin Relaxation Induced by Quantum Tunneling in Fe8 Molecular


  The spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_{1}^{-1}$ and NMR spectra of $^1$H in
single crystal molecular magnets of Fe8 have been measured down to 15 mK. The
relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}$ shows a strong temperature dependence down to 400
mK. The relaxation is well explained in terms of the thermal transition of the
iron state between the discreet energy levels of the total spin S=10. The
relaxation time $T_1$ becomes temperature independent below 300 mK and is
longer than 100 s. In this temperature region stepwise recovery of the
$^1$H-NMR signal after saturation was observed depending on the return field of
the sweep field. This phenomenon is attributed to resonant quantum tunneling at
the fields where levels cross and is discussed in terms of the Landau-Zener
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4160 </DOCNO>
Double quantum dot as a spin rotator


  It is shown that the low-energy spin states of double quantum dots (DQD) with
even electron occupation number $N$ possess the symmetry SO(4) similar to that
of a rigid rotator familiar in quantum mechanics (rotational spectra of H$_2$
molecule, electron in Coulomb field, etc). The "hidden symmetry" of the rotator
manifests itself in the tunneling properties of the DQD. In particular, the
Kondo resonance may arise under asymmetric gate voltage in spite of the even
electron occupation of the DQD. Various symmetry properties of spin rotator in
the context of the Kondo effect are discussed and experimental realization of
this unusual scenario is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6646 </DOCNO>
Tuning gaps and phases of a two-subband system in a quantizing magnetic


  In this work we study the properties of a two-subband quasi-two-dimensional
electron system in a strong magnetic field when the electron filling factor is
equal to four. When the cyclotron energy is close to the intersubband splitting
the system can be mapped onto a four-level electron system with an effective
filling factor of two. The ground state is either a ferromagnetic state or a
spin-singlet state, depending on the values of the inter-level splitting and
Zeeman energy. The boundaries between these phases are strongly influenced by
the inter-electron interaction. A significant exchange-mediated enhancement of
the excitation gap results in the suppression of the electron-phonon
interaction. The rate of absorption of non-equilibrium phonons is calculated as
a function of Zeeman energy and inter-subband splitting. The phonon absorption
rate has two peaks as a function of intersubband splitting and has a step-like
structure as a function of Zeeman energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149255 </DOCNO>
Three Body Interactions, Angular Momentum and Black Hole Moduli Spaces


  We investigate the dynamics of a pair of (4+1)-dimensional black holes in the
moduli approximation and with fixed angular momentum. We find that spinning
black holes at small separations are described by the de Alfaro, Fubini and
Furlan model. For more than two black holes, we find an explicit expression for
the three-body interactions in the moduli metric by associating them with the
one-loop three-point amplitude of a four-dimensional $\phi^3$ theory. We also
investigate the dynamics of a three black hole system in various
approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41128 </DOCNO>
Indirect Signatures of CP Violation in the Processes $\gamma \gamma \to


  This paper studies the utility of the processes $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma
\gamma$, $\gamma Z$, and $ZZ$ in searching for sources of CP violation arising
from energy scales beyond the production thresholds of planned future
colliders. In the context of an effective Lagrangian approach we consider the
most general set of CP odd SU(2) $\times$ U(1) operators that give rise to
genuinely quartic gauge boson couplings which can be probed in $2 \to 2$
scattering processes at a $\gamma \gamma $ collider. We study each process in
detail, emphasizing the complementary information that is obtained by varying
the initial beam polarizations. Finally, we compare our results to other
constraints in the literature on CP odd gauge boson interactions and quartic
gauge boson couplings; the search reaches obtained here are typically stronger
and nicely complement previous studies which have focused primarily on $W$
boson, top quark, or Higgs production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96429 </DOCNO>
The space of hermitian triples and the Ashtekar - Isham quantization


  It was pointed out that the space of hermitian triples is an anology of the
hermitian connection space. Generalizing the Ashtekar - Isham procedure one can
quantize the space of hermitian triples as well as the original one. Here we
add an example how this similarity can be exploited in a quantum theory of
riemannian geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 603 </DOCNO>
A first order phase transition induced by magnetic field and temperature


  Taking the pseudobinary C15-Laves phase compound
Ce(Fe$_{0.96}$Al$_{0.04}$)$_2$ as a paradigm for studying a ferromagnetic(FM)
to antiferromagnetic(AFM) phase transition, we present interesting
thermomagnetic history effects in magnetotransport measurements across this
FM-AFM transition. We argue that these distinctive hysteretic features can be
used to identify the exact nature -first order or second order - of this kind
of transition in magnetic systems where electrical transport is strongly
correlated with the underlying magnetic order. A comparison is made with the
similar FM-AFM transitions observed in Nd and Pr-based manganese compounds with
perovskite-type structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148723 </DOCNO>
D=10 Super-Yang-Mills at O(alpha'^2)


  Using superspace techniques, the complete and most general action of D=10
super-Yang--Mills theory is constructed at the alpha'^2 level. No other
approximations, e.g., keeping only a subset of the allowed derivative terms,
are used. The Lorentz structure of the alpha'^2 corrections is completely
determined, while (depending on the gauge group) there is some freedom in the
adjoint structure, which is given by a totally symmetric four-index tensor. We
examine the second, non-linearly realised supersymmetry that may be present
when the gauge group has a U(1) factor, and find that the constraints from
linear and non-linear supersymmetry to a large extent coincide. However, the
additional restrictions on the adjoint structure of the order alpha'^2
interactions following from the requirement of non-linear supersymmetry do not
completely specify the symmetrised trace prescription.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75674 </DOCNO>
B -> V gamma at NLO from QCD Factorization


  We discuss the exclusive radiative B-meson decays B -> K* gamma and B -> rho
gamma in a model-independent manner. The analysis is based on the heavy-quark
limit of QCD. This allows a factorization of perturbatively calculable
contributions to the B -> V gamma matrix elements from non-perturbative form
factors and universal light-cone distribution amplitudes. These results allow
us to compute exclusive b -> s(d) gamma decays systematically beyond the
leading logarithmic approximation. We present results for these decays complete
to next-to-leading order in QCD and to leading order in the heavy-quark limit.
Phenomenological implications for various observables of interest are
discussed, including direct CP violation and isospin breaking effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74753 </DOCNO>
Physics of Extra Dimensions as IR Limit of Four-Dimensional Theories


  I discuss the recent work done in collaboration with Chris Hill, Jing Wang
and Hsin-Chia Cheng. We construct four-dimensional renormalizable gauge
theories which, in their infrared limit, generate the dynamics of gauge
interactions in flat extra dimensions. In this construction, the Kaluza-Klein
states of extra dimensions arise from having many gauge symmetries in four
dimensions. The IR limit is determined by the dynamics of spontaneous breakdown
of those symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81237 </DOCNO>
Mass renormalisation for improved staggered quarks


  Improved staggered quark actions are designed to suppress flavour changing
strong interactions. We discuss the perturbation theory for this type of
actions and show the improvements to reduce the quark mass renormalisation
compared to naive staggered quarks. The renormalisations are of similar size as
for Wilson quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125490 </DOCNO>
Galactic Magnetic Fields as a consequence of Inflation


  The generation of a magnetic field in the Early Universe is considered, due
to the gravitational production of the Z-boson field during inflation. Scaled
to the epoch of galaxy formation this magnetic field suffices to trigger the
galactic dynamo and explain the observed galactic magnetic fields. The
mechanism is independent of the inflationary model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5672 </DOCNO>
Entropic Dynamics


  I explore the possibility that the laws of physics might be laws of inference
rather than laws of nature. What sort of dynamics can one derive from
well-established rules of inference? Specifically, I ask: Given relevant
information codified in the initial and the final states, what trajectory is
the system expected to follow? The answer follows from a principle of
inference, the principle of maximum entropy, and not from a principle of
physics. The entropic dynamics derived this way exhibits some remarkable formal
similarities with other generally covariant theories such as general
relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73169 </DOCNO>
Testing large mixing MSW solutions of the solar neutrino problem through


  Large mixing MSW solutions to the solar neutrino problem appear to be
currently favored by the data. We discuss the possibility of discriminating
them by means of present and future experiments. In particular, we show that
the study of energy and time dependence of the Earth regeneration effect can be
useful in this respect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1696 </DOCNO>
Novel continuum modeling of crystal surface evolution


  We propose a novel approach to continuum modeling of the dynamics of crystal
surfaces. Our model follows the evolution of an ensemble of step
configurations, which are consistent with the macroscopic surface profile.
Contrary to the usual approach where the continuum limit is achieved when
typical surface features consist of many steps, our continuum limit is
approached when the number of step configurations of the ensemble is very
large. The model can handle singular surface structures such as corners and
facets. It has a clear computational advantage over discrete models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149623 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Supersymmetry Challenge Remains


  In the following, we will review the fundamental problem that prevents a
complete understanding of a theory of supersymmetrical field representations
and describe its possible relation to a similar problem facing
superstring/M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149998 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariance and Gauge-Factor Group in Causal Yang-Mills Theory


  In the present work the gauge invariance of causal Yang-Mills theory will be
proven with the aid of the gauge-factor group. For that purpose it must be
shown, that the operator valued distributions T_n and D_n(ret) occurring in the
causal S-matrix construction can be written, after applying the gauge variation
d_Q, as a divergence. Since merely local terms lead to gauge destroying
expressions, one has to focus on them exclusively. In the first part of the
work the local gauge-factor group will be defined in the style of the concept
of gauge cohomology theory. It will be shown, that every element out of the so
defined factor group under the transformation d_Q leads to a divergence of the
entire operator valued distribution d_Q(T_n). In the second part all local
terms arising in causal Yang-Mills theory are systematically investigated.
Without further restrictions there can be proven, that every local operator
valued distribution is an element of the gauge factor group or equal to zero.
This concludes the demonstration of gauge invariance of causal Yang-Mills
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86670 </DOCNO>
Non-existence of New Quantum Ergosphere Effect of a Vaidya-type Black


  Hawking evaporation of Dirac particles and scalar fields in a Vaidya-type
black hole is investigated by the method of generalized tortoise coordinate
transformation. It is shown that Hawking radiation of Dirac particles does not
exist for $P_1, Q_2$ components but for $P_2, Q_1$ components in any
Vaidya-type black holes. Both the location and the temperature of the event
horizon change with time. The thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is
the same as that of Klein-Gordon particles. We demonstrates that there is no
new quantum ergosphere effect in the thermal radiation of Dirac particles in
any spherically symmetry black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148381 </DOCNO>
Supertubes


  It is shown that a IIA superstring carrying D0-brane charge can be
`blown-up', in a {\it Minkowski vacuum} background, to a (1/4)-supersymmetric
tubular D2-brane, supported against collapse by the angular momentum generated
by crossed electric and magnetic Born-Infeld fields. This `supertube' can be
viewed as a worldvolume realization of the sigma-model Q-lump.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148383 </DOCNO>
Gravity as the Spin-2 Quantum Gauge Theory


  This work deals with the theory of a quantized spin-2 field in the framework
of causal perturbation theory. It is divided into two parts. In the first part
we analyze the gauge structure of a massless self-interacting quantum tensor
field. We look at this theory from a pure field theoretical point of view
without assuming any geometrical aspect from general relativity. To first order
in the perturbation expansion of the $S$-matrix we derive necessary and
sufficient conditions for such a theory to be gauge invariant, by which we mean
that the gauge variation of the self-coupling with respect to the gauge charge
operator $Q$ is a divergence in the sense of vector analysis. The most general
trilinear self-coupling of the graviton field turns out to be the one derived
from the Einstein-Hilbert action plus coboundaries and divergences.
  In the second part of this work (sect.9) we consider a massive scalar field
coupled to gravity. We are interested in the long range behaviour of this
theory. Radiative corrections for two particle scattering are investigated in
the adiabatic limit, where the cutoff of the interaction at infinity is
removed. We compute the differential cross section for graviton bremsstrahlung
in which one of the scattered particles emits a graviton of low energy. It is
shown that such processes are logarithmically divergent in the adiabatic limit.
Furthermore we show that the differential cross section for two particle
scattering with a graviton self-energy insertion is finite in the adiabatic
limit while for matter self-energy it is logarithmically divergent, too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98554 </DOCNO>
Lining up tangent spaces


  Let X be a possibly singular irreducible variety furnished with a singular
algebraic foliation and let X -> Y be a blowup. We describe vanishing
conditions on second derivatives in Y which are necessary and sufficient for X
to be correspondingly foliated by smoothly immersed manifolds with distinct
tangent spaces in a nonsingular ambient variety. Applied to the identity map X
-> Y and the codimension zero foliation of Y one obtains conditions for Y
itself to be an immersed manifold with distinct tangent spaces; if Y is known
to be normal this is a nonsingularity test for Y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87035 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Brane-Worlds


  The most general geometrical scenario in which the brane-world program can be
implemented, consistently with the confinement of gauge interaction, the
existence of quantum states, and the embedding, is examined in a bulk with
arbitrary dimensions, signature and topology. We find that the embedding
equations are compatible with a wide class of Lagrangians, including the
Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian as the simplest one, provided minimal boundaries
are added to the bulk. A non-trivial canonical structure is derived, suggesting
a canonical quantization of the brane-world geometry relative to the extra
dimensions. The classical limits of the quantum states are set in
correspondence with high frequency gravitational waves. It is shown that in the
cases of at least six dimensions, there exists a confined gauge field included
in the embedding structure. The size of extra dimensions is found to be
approximately compatible with the expression derived with the product topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179072 </DOCNO>
$\Delta(1232)$ Isobar Excitations in Nuclear Many-Body Systems derived


  $\Delta$ isobar components in the nuclear many-body wave function are
investigated for the deuteron, light nuclei (${}^{16}O$) and infinite nuclear
matter within the framework of the coupled-cluster theory. The predictions
derived for various realistic models of the baryon-baryon interaction are
compared to each other. These include local ($V28$) and non-local meson
exchange potentials (Bonn$_{2000}$) but also a model recently derived by the
Salamanca group accounting for quark degrees of freedom. The characteristic
differences which are obtained for the $N\Delta$ and $\Delta\Delta$ correlation
functions are related to the approximation made in deriving the matrix elements
for the baryon-baryon interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86451 </DOCNO>
Anholonomic Frames and Thermodynamic Geometry of 3D Black Holes


  We study new classes three dimensional black hole solutions of Einstein
equations written in two holonomic and one anholonomic variables with respect
to anholonomic frames Thermodynamic properties of such (2+1)-black holes with
generic local anisotropy (having elliptitic horizons) are studied by applying
geometric methods. The corresponding thermodynamic systems are three
dimensional with entropy S being a hypersurface function on mass M, anisotropy
angle $\theta$ and eccentricity of elliptic deformations $\epsilon >.$
Two-dimensional curved thermodynamic geometries for locally anistropic deformed
black holes are constructed after integration on anisotropic parameter
$\theta$. Two approaches, the first one based on two-dimensional hypersurface
parametric geometry and the second one developed in a
Ruppeiner-Mrugala-Janyszek fashion, are analyzed. The thermodynamic curvatures
are computed and the critical points of curvature vanishing are defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3807 </DOCNO>
Vortex Core Structure and Dynamics in Layered Superconductors


  We investigate the equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of the core
region of vortices in layered superconductors. We discuss the electronic
structure of singly and doubly quantized vortices for both s-wave and d-wave
pairing symmetry. We consider the intermediate clean regime, where the
vortex-core bound states are broadened into resonances with a width comparable
to or larger than the quantized energy level spacing, and calculate the
response of a vortex core to an {\em a.c.} electromagnetic field for vortices
that are pinned to a metallic defect. We concentrate on the case where the
vortex motion is nonstationary and can be treated by linear response theory.
The response of the order parameter, impurity self energy, induced fields and
currents are obtained by a self-consistent calculation of the distribution
functions and the excitation spectrum. We then obtain the dynamical
conductivity, spatially resolved in the region of the core, for external
frequencies in the range, $0.1\Delta < \hbar\omega \lsim 3\Delta$. We also
calculate the dynamically induced charge distribution in the vicinity of the
core. This charge density is related to the nonequilibrium response of the
bound states and collective mode, and dominates the electromagnetic response of
the vortex core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96239 </DOCNO>
Remark on Periodic Solutions of Non Linear Oscillators


  We contribute to the method of trigonometric series for solving differential
equations of certain non linear oscillators. Key Words: series power solution,
trigonometric series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5141 </DOCNO>
Structural Phase Transition in the Superconducting Pyrochlore Oxide


  We report a structural phase transition found at Ts = 200 K in a pyrochlore
oxide Cd2Re2O7 which shows superconductivity at Tc = 1.0 K. X-ray
diffractionexperiments indicate that the phase transition is of the second
order, from a high-temperature phase with the ideal cubic pyrochlore structure
(space group Fd-3m) to a low-temperature phase with another cubic structure
(space group F-43m). It is accompanied by a dramatic change in the resistivity
and magnetic susceptibility and thus must induce a significant change in the
electronic structure of Cd2Re2O7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2056 </DOCNO>
Detailed electronic structure studies on superconducting MgB$_2$ and


  In order to understand the unexpected superconducting behavior of MgB$_2$
compound we have made electronic structure calculations for MgB$_2$ and closely
related systems. Our calculated Debye temperature from the elastic properties
indicate that the average phonon frequency is very large in MgB$_2$ compared
with other superconducting intermetallics and the exceptionally high $T_c$ in
this material can be explained through BCS mechanism only if phonon softening
occurs or the phonon modes are highly anisotropic. We identified a
doubly-degenerate quasi-two dimensional key-energy band in the vicinity of
$E_{F}$ along $\Gamma$-A direction of BZ which play an important role in
deciding the superconducting behavior of this material. Based on this result,
we have searched for similar kinds of electronic feature in a series of
isoelectronic compounds such as BeB$_2$, CaB$_2$, SrB$_2$, LiBC and
MgB$_2$C$_2$ and found that MgB$_2$C$_2$ is one potential material from the
superconductivity point of view. There are contradictory experimental results
regarding the anisotropy in the elastic properties of MgB$_2$ ranging from
isotropic, moderately anisotropic to highly anisotropic. In order to settle
this issue we have calculated the single crystal elastic constants for MgB$_2$
by the accurate full-potential method and derived the directional dependent
linear compressibility, Young's modulus, shear modulus and relevant elastic
properties. We have observed large anisotropy in the elastic properties. Our
calculated polarized optical dielectric tensor shows highly anisotropic
behavior even though it possesses isotropic transport property. MgB$_2$
possesses a mixed bonding character and this has been verified from density of
states, charge density and crystal orbital Hamiltonian population analyses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 808 </DOCNO>
Role of defects in the electronic properties of amorphous/crystalline Si


  The mechanism determining the band alignment of the amorphous/crystalline
 Si heterostructures is addressed with direct atomistic simulations of the
interface performed using a hierarchical combination of various computational
schemes ranging from classical model-potential molecular dynamics to ab-initio
methods. We found that in coordination defect-free samples the band alignment
is almost vanishing and independent on interface details. In defect-rich
samples, instead, the band alignment is sizeably different with respect to the
defect-free case, but, remarkably, almost independent on the concentration of
defects. We rationalize these findings within the theory of semiconductor
interfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149859 </DOCNO>
Energy Levels and Wave Functions of Vector Bosons in Homogeneous


  We aimed to obtain the energy levels of spin-1 particles moving in a constant
magnetic field. The method used here is completely algebraic. In the process to
obtain the energy levels the wave function is choosen in terms of Laguerre
Polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73382 </DOCNO>
BCS vs Overhauser pairing in dense (2+1)d QCD


  We compare the BCS and Overhauser effect as competing mechanisms for the
destabilization of the quark Fermi surface at asymptotically large chemical
potential, for the special case of 2 space and 1 time dimension. We use the
framework of perturbative one-gluon exchange, which dominates the pairing at
$\mu/g^2\gg 1$. With screening in matter, we show that in the weak coupling
limit the Overhauser effect can compete with the BCS effect only for a
sufficiently large number of colors. Both the BCS and the Overhauser gaps are
of order $g^{4}/\mu$ in Landau gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150261 </DOCNO>
Dirac Quantization of Some Singular Theories


  Analyzing the constraint structure of electrodynamics, massive vector bosons,
Dirac fermions and electrodynamics coupled to fermions, we show that Dirac
quantization method leads to appropriate creation-annihilation algebra among
the Forier coefficients of the fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149696 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative 't Hooft Instantons


  We employ the twistor approach to the construction of U(2) multi-instantons
`a la 't Hooft on noncommutative R^4. The noncommutative deformation of the
Corrigan-Fairlie-'t Hooft-Wilczek ansatz is derived. However, naively
substituting into it the 't Hooft-type solution is unsatisfactory because the
resulting gauge field fails to be self-dual on a finite-dimensional subspace of
the Fock space. We repair this deficiency by a suitable Murray-von Neumann
transformation after a specific projection of the gauge potential. The proper
noncommutative 't Hooft multi-instanton field strength is given explicitly, in
a singular as well as in a regular gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168793 </DOCNO>
On the topology of adiabatic passage


  We examine the topology of eigenenergy surfaces characterizing the population
transfer processes based on adiabatic passage. We show that this topology is
the essential feature for the analysis of the population transfers and the
prediction of its final result. We reinterpret diverse known processes, such as
stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), frequency-chirped adiabatic
passage and Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passage (SCRAP). Moreover, using this
picture, we display new related possibilities of transfer. In particular, we
show that we can selectively control the level which will be populated in
STIRAP process in Lambda or V systems by the choice of the peak amplitudes or
the pulse sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168913 </DOCNO>
Scalable programmable quantum gates and a new aspect of the additivity


  We consider two apparently separated problems: in the first part of the paper
we study the concept of a scalable (approximate) programmable quantum gate
(SPQG). These are special (approximate) programmable quantum gates, with nice
properties that could have implications on the theory of universal computation.
Unfortunately, as we prove, such objects do not exist in the domain of usual
quantum theory. In the second part the problem of noisy dense coding (and
generalizations) is addressed. We observe that the additivity problem for the
classical capacity obtained is of apparently greater generality than for the
usual quantum channel (completely positive maps): i.e., the latter occurs as a
special case of the former, but, as we shall argue with the help of the
non-existence result of the first part, the former cannot be reduced to an
instance of the latter. We conclude by suggesting that the additivity problem
for the classical capacity of quantum channels, as posed until now, may
conceptually not be in its appropriate generality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86003 </DOCNO>
Can Schwarzschildean gravitational fields suppress gravitational waves?


  Gravitational waves in the linear approximation propagate in the
Schwarzschild spacetime similarly as electromagnetic waves. A fraction of the
radiation scatters off the curvature of the geometry. The energy of the
backscattered part of an initially outgoing pulse of the quadrupole
gravitational radiation is estimated by compact formulas depending on the
initial energy, the Schwarzschild radius, and the location and width of the
pulse. The backscatter becomes negligible in the short wavelength regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129311 </DOCNO>
On the secondary star of the cataclysmic variable 1RXS J094432.1+035738


  We present V and Rc band photometry and optical near-infrared spectroscopy of
the cataclysmic variable 1RXS J094432.1+035738. We detected features of a cool
secondary star, which can be modeled with a red dwarf of spectral type M2 (+0.5
-1.0) V at a distance of 433 +- 100 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97332 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolicity of semigroups and Fourier multipliers


  We present a characterization of hyperbolicity for strongly continuous
semigroups on Banach spaces in terms of Fourier multiplier properties of the
resolvent of the generator. Hyperbolicity with respect to classical solutions
is also considered. Our approach unifies and simplifies the M. Kaashoek-- S.
Verduyn Lunel theory and multiplier-type results previously obtained by S.
Clark, M. Hieber, S. Montgomery-Smith, F. R\"{a}biger, T. Randolph, and L.
Weis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179117 </DOCNO>
Utility of su(1,1)-Algebra in a Schematic Nuclear su(2)-Model


  The su(2)-algebraic model interacting with an environment is investigated
from a viewpoint of treating the dissipative system. By using the
time-dependent variational approach with a coherent state and with the help of
the canonicity condition, the time-evolution of this quantum many-body system
is described in terms of the canonical equations of motion in the classical
mechanics. Then, it is shown that the su(1,1)-algebra plays an essential role
to deal with this model. An exact solution with appropriate initial conditions
is obtained by means of Jacobi's elliptic function. The implication to the
dissipative process is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72749 </DOCNO>
Resummed coefficient function for the shape function


  We present a leading evaluation of the resummed coefficient function for the
shape function. It is also shown that the coefficient function is
short-distance-dominated. Our results allow relating the shape function
computed on the lattice to the physical QCD distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113912 </DOCNO>
Lessons From the Physics-Education Reform Effort


  Several years ago I reported a survey (Hake 1998a,b,c) of pre/post test data
for 62 introductory physics courses enrolling a total of 6542 students. The
present article provides a summary of that survey and presents fourteen lessons
from the physics-education reform effort that may assist the general upgrading
of education and science literacy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148739 </DOCNO>
Self-Dual Vortices in Chern-Simons Hydrodynamics


  The classical theory of non-relativistic charged particle interacting with
U(1) gauge field is reformulated as the Schr\"odinger wave equation modified by
the de-Broglie-Bohm quantum potential nonlinearity. For, (1 - $\hbar^2$)
deformed strength of quantum potential the model is gauge equivalent to the
standard Schr\"odinger equation with Planck constant $\hbar$, while for the
strength (1 + $\hbar^2$), to the pair of diffusion-anti-diffusion equations.
Specifying the gauge field as Abelian Chern-Simons (CS) one in 2+1 dimensions
interacting with the Nonlinear Schr\"odinger field (the Jackiw-Pi model), we
represent the theory as a planar Madelung fluid, where the Chern-Simons Gauss
law has simple physical meaning of creation the local vorticity for the fluid
flow. For the static flow, when velocity of the center-of-mass motion (the
classical velocity) is equal to the quantum one (generated by quantum potential
velocity of the internal motion), the fluid admits N-vortex solution. Applying
the Auberson-Sabatier type gauge transform to phase of the vortex wave function
we show that deformation parameter $\hbar$, the CS coupling constant and the
quantum potential strength are quantized. Reductions of the model to 1+1
dimensions, leading to modified NLS and DNLS equations with resonance soliton
interactions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83781 </DOCNO>
Convergent Approximate Solving of First-Order Constraints by Approximate


  Exactly solving first-order constraints (i.e., first-order formulas over a
certain predefined structure) can be a very hard, or even undecidable problem.
In continuous structures like the real numbers it is promising to compute
approximate solutions instead of exact ones. However, the quantifiers of the
first-order predicate language are an obstacle to allowing approximations to
arbitrary small error bounds. In this paper we solve the problem by modifying
the first-order language and replacing the classical quantifiers with
approximate quantifiers. These also have two additional advantages: First, they
are tunable, in the sense that they allow the user to decide on the trade-off
between precision and efficiency. Second, they introduce additional
expressivity into the first-order language by allowing reasoning over the size
of solution sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126619 </DOCNO>
The 3D Power Spectrum from Angular Clustering of Galaxies in Early SDSS


  Early photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) contain
angular positions for 1.5 million galaxies. In companion papers, the angular
correlation function $w(\theta)$ and 2D power spectrum $C_l$ of these galaxies
are presented. Here we invert Limber's equation to extract the 3D power
spectrum from the angular results. We accomplish this using an estimate of
$dn/dz$, the redshift distribution of galaxies in four different magnitude
slices in the SDSS photometric catalog. The resulting 3D power spectrum
estimates from $w(\theta)$ and $C_l$ agree with each other and with previous
estimates over a range in wavenumbers $0.03 < k/{\rm h Mpc}^{-1} < 1$. The
galaxies in the faintest magnitude bin ($21 < \rstar < 22$, which have median
redshift $z_m=0.43$) are less clustered than the galaxies in the brightest
magnitude bin ($18 < \rstar < 19$ with $z_m=0.17$), especially on scales where
nonlinearities are important. The derived power spectrum agrees with that of
Szalay et al. (2001) who go directly from the raw data to a parametric estimate
of the power spectrum. The strongest constraints on the shape parameter
$\Gamma$ come from the faintest galaxies (in the magnitude bin $21 < \rstar <
22$), from which we infer $\Gamma = 0.14^{+0.11}_{-0.06}$ (95% C.L.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81366 </DOCNO>
The Low-lying Dirac Eigenmodes from Domain Wall Fermions


  We calculate the low-lying eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the hermitian
domain wall Dirac operator on various gauge backgrounds by Ritz minimization.
The mass dependence of these eigenvalues is studied to extract the physical 4
dimensional $\lambda$, whose spectral density is related to $<\bar{\psi} \psi>$
through the Banks-Casher relation, and $\delta m$, which represents the effects
of the residual chiral symmetry breaking in domain wall formalism on a per
eigenmode basis. The topological structure of the underlying gauge field is
examined by measuring the $\Gamma_5$ matrix elements between the low-lying
eigenmodes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179103 </DOCNO>
$e^+e^-$ production in $p A$ reactions at SIS energies


  Detailed predictions for dilepton production from $p A$ reactions at SIS
energies are presented within a semi-classical BUU transport model that
includes the off-shell propagation of vector mesons nonperturbatively and
calculates the width of the vector mesons dynamically. Different scenarios of
in-medium modifications of vector mesons, such as collisional broadening and
dropping vector meson masses, are investigated and the possibilities for an
experimental observation of in-medium effects in $p A$ reactions at 1--4 GeV
are discussed for a variety of nuclear targets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1508 </DOCNO>
Dynamical scaling of the DNA unzipping transition


  We report studies of the equilibrium and the dynamics of a general set of
lattice models which capture the essence of the force-induced or mechanical DNA
unzipping transition. Besides yielding the whole equilibrium phase diagram in
the force vs temperature plane, which reveals the presence of an interesting
re-entrant unzipping transition for low T, these models enable us to
characterize the dynamics of the process starting from a non-equilibrium
initial condition. The thermal melting of the DNA strands displays a model
dependent time evolution. On the contrary, our results suggest that the
dynamical mechanism for the unzipping by force is very robust and the scaling
behaviour does not depend on the details of the description we adopt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99047 </DOCNO>
An algebraic approach to representations of the permutation group


  The group algebra of the permutation group is spanned by a set of elements
called projectors. The coordinates of permutations expanded in projectors are
matrix elements of irreducible representations. The projectors of the
permutation group are a product of a Young symmetriser and a Young
antisymmetriser. They form non-orthogonal bases of right and left modules. The
non-orthogonality is compensated by a constant matrix. It turns out that this
reduces the matrix entries to -1, 0,+1. An algorithm to compute the projectors
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127961 </DOCNO>
GAW (Gamma Air Watch): a novel imaging Cherenkov telescope


  GAW (Gamma Air Watch) is a new imaging Cherenkov telescope designed for
observation of very high-energy gamma-ray sources. GAW will be equipped with a
3 meter diameter Fresnel lens as light collector and with an array of 300
multi-anode photomultipliers at the focal plane. The pixel size will be 4
arcmin wide for a total field of view of 10.5 degrees. Whith respect to the
planned imaging Cherenkov telescopes (CANGAROO III, HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS) GAW
follows a different approach for what concerns both the optical system and the
detection working mode: the Cherenkov light collector is a single acrylic flat
Fresnel lens (instead of mirrors) that allows to achieve wide field of view;
the photomultipliers operate in single photoelectron counting mode (instead of
charge integration). The single photoelectron counting mode allows to reach a
low energy threshold of ~200 GeV, in spite of the relatively small dimension of
the GAW optic system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98526 </DOCNO>
Schur function analogs for a filtration of the symmetric function space


  We consider a filtration of the symmetric function space given by
$\Lambda^{(k)}_t$, the linear span of Hall-Littlewood polynomials indexed by
partitions whose first part is not larger than $k$. We introduce symmetric
functions called the $k$-Schur functions, providing an analog for the Schur
functions in the subspaces $\Lambda^{(k)}_t$. We prove several properties for
the $k$-Schur functions including that they form a basis for these subspaces
that reduces to the Schur basis when $k$ is large. We also show that the
connection coefficients for the $k$-Schur function basis with the Macdonald
polynomials belonging to $\Lambda^{(k)}_t$ are polynomials in $q$ and $t$ with
integral coefficients. In fact, we conjecture that these integral coefficients
are actually positive, and give several other conjectures generalizing Schur
function theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72427 </DOCNO>
QCD sum rule analysis for light vector and axial-vector mesons in vacuum


  Extending previous work we study the constraints of QCD sum rules on mass and
width of light vector and axial-vector mesons in vacuum and in a medium with
finite nuclear density. For the latter case especially the effect of nuclear
pions leading to vector-axial-vector mixing is included in the analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148147 </DOCNO>
Canonical quantization of the boundary Wess-Zumino-Witten model


  We present an analysis of the canonical structure of the WZW theory with
untwisted conformal boundary conditions. The phase space of the boundary theory
on a strip is shown to coincide with the phase space of the Chern-Simons theory
on a solid cylinder (a disc times a line) with two Wilson lines. This reveals a
new aspect of the relation between two-dimensional boundary conformal field
theories and three-dimensional topological theories. A decomposition of the
Chern-Simons phase space on a punctured disc in terms of the one on a punctured
sphere and of coadjoint orbits of the loop group easily lends itself to
quantization, providing at the same time a quantization of the boundary WZW
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127123 </DOCNO>
On the relation between high-redshift starburst galaxies and damped


  Essentially all high-redshift galaxies show evidence for strong large-scale
outflows that should have a profound effect on the structure and kinematics of
both the galaxies themselves and their environment. The interstellar absorption
spectra of both Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) and local starburst galaxies are
remarkably similar to those of damped Ly-alpha (DLA) systems in QSO spectra.
Their rest-frame UV spectra typically show broad, blueshifted Ly-alpha
absorption accompanied by low-ionization metallic absorption lines with complex
profiles. Hydrodynamical simulations of galactic winds suggest that the
absorption arises in a collection of dense clouds entrained in the hot wind
and/or in shells swept up by the outflow. It seems likely that outflows would
also give rise to DLA absorption when seen in absorption against a background
QSO. It is emphasized that some differences are expected between the properties
of DLA systems in the emission weighted galaxy spectra, which always probe the
centers of star formation, and those in random sight lines through the outflow.
The observed LBGs alone can account for all DLA absorption at z ~ 3 if the
cross section for DLA absorption is pi*r^2 with r = 19 h^{-1} kpc. If the cross
section is smaller than this, then the fraction of DLA systems arising in
outflows could still be significant if there are many wind-driving galaxies
below the current detection limits. This is certainly possible since the z=3
luminosity function is still rising down to the detection limit of 0.1 L_star
and observations and simulations of local dwarf galaxies indicate that many of
these fainter galaxies drive winds as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125634 </DOCNO>
Time Dilation and Quasar Variability


  The timescale of quasar variability is widely expected to show the effects of
time dilation. In this paper we analyse the Fourier power spectra of a large
sample of quasar light curves to look for such an effect. We find that the
timescale of quasar variation does not increase with redshift as required by
time dilation. Possible explanations of this result all conflict with widely
held consensus in the scientific community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124072 </DOCNO>
A Search for OH Megamasers at z > 0.1. II. Further Results


  We present current results of an ongoing survey for OH megamasers in luminous
infrared galaxies at the Arecibo Observatory. The survey is now two-thirds
complete, and has resulted in the discovery of 35 new OH megamasers at z > 0.1,
24 of which are presented in this paper. We discuss the properties of each
source in detail, including an exhaustive survey of the literature. We also
place upper limits on the OH emission from 107 nondetections and list their IR,
radio, and optical properties. The survey detection rate is 1 OH megamaser for
every 6 candidates overall, but is a strong function of the far IR luminosity
of candidates and may depend on merger stage or on the central engine
responsible for the IR luminosity in the merging galaxy pair. We also report
the detection of IRAS 12032+1707, a new OH gigamaser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98834 </DOCNO>
On the uniform hyperbolicity of some nonuniformly hyperbolic systems


  We give sufficient conditions for the uniform hyperbolicity of certain
nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. In particular, we show that local
diffeomorphisms that are nonuniformly expanding on sets of total probability
are necessarily uniformly expanding. We also present a version of this result
for diffeomorphisms with nonuniformly hyperbolic sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2124 </DOCNO>
Market price simulator based on analog electrical circuit


  We constructed an analog electrical circuit which generates fluctuations in
which probability density function has power law tails. In the circuit
fluctuations with an arbitrary exponent of the power law can be obtained by
adjusting the resistance. With this low cost circuit the random fluctuations
which have the similar statistics to foreign exchang rates can be generated as
fast as an expensive digital computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72432 </DOCNO>
Self-Organized Criticality in Gluon Systems and its Consequences


  It is pointed out, that color-singlet gluon clusters can be formed in hadrons
as a consequence of self-organized criticality (SOC) in systems of interacting
soft gluons, and that the properties of such spatiotemporal complexities can be
probed experimentally by examing inelastic diffractive scattering. Theoretical
arguments and experimental evidence supporting the proposed picture are
presented. As a consequence of the space-time properties of the color-singlet
gluon clusters due to SOC in gluon systems, a simple analytical formula for the
differential cross section for inelastic diffractive hadron-hadron scattering
can be derived. The obtained results are in good agreement with the existing
data. Furthermore, it is shown that meson radii can be extracted from inelastic
diffractive scattering experiments. The obtained results for pion and kaon
charge radii are compared with those determined in meson form factor
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114422 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic methods for data fusion


  The main object of this paper is to show how we can use classical
probabilistic methods such as Maximum Entropy (ME), maximum likelihood (ML)
and/or Bayesian (BAYES) approaches to do microscopic and macroscopic data
fusion. Actually ME can be used to assign a probability law to an unknown
quantity when we have macroscopic data (expectations) on it. ML can be used to
estimate the parameters of a probability law when we have microscopic data
(direct observation). BAYES can be used to update a prior probability law when
we have microscopic data through the likelihood. When we have both microscopic
and macroscopic data we can use first ME to assign a prior and then use BAYES
to update it to the posterior law thus doing the desired data fusion. However,
in practical data fusion applications, we may still need some engineering
feeling to propose realistic data fusion solutions. Some simple examples in
sensor data fusion and image reconstruction using different kind of data are
presented to illustrate these ideas. Keywords: Data fusion, Maximum entropy,
Maximum likelihood, Bayesian data fusion, EM algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1903 </DOCNO>
Effective action for quantum Hall skyrmions


  Recently, an O(3) type of effective action was proposed for the quantum Hall
ferromagnet, which accounts for bag formation observed in microscopic Hartree-
Fock calculations. We apply this action in the soliton sector and compare with
Hartree-Fock results. We find good agreement over the whole parameter range
where skyrmions exist. The standard minimal O(3) model cannot explain the bag
and has further shortcomings connected with that fact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86217 </DOCNO>
Emergence of classicality in non relativistic quantum mechanics through


  An explicit dynamical model for non relativistic quantum mechanics with an
effective gravitational interaction is proposed, which, as being well defined,
allows in principle for the evaluation of every physical quantity. Its non
unitary dynamics results from a unitary one in a space with twice as many
degrees of freedom as the ordinary ones. It exhibits a threshold for the
emergence of classical behavior for bodies of ordinary density on rather long
times or instantaneously, respectively at around 10^11 or 10^20 proton masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95702 </DOCNO>
Renormalization theory for multimodal maps


  We study the dynamics of the renormalization operator for multimodal maps. In
particular, we prove the exponential convergence of this operator for
infinitely renormalizable maps with same bounded combinatorial type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95518 </DOCNO>
Prescribing a fourth order conformal invariant on the standard sphere -


  In this paper we study some fourth order elliptic equation involving the
critical Sobolev exponent, related to the prescription of a fourth order
conformal invariant on the standard sphere. We use a topological method to
prove the existence of at least a solution when the function to be prescribed
is close to a constant and a finite dimensional map associated to it has
non-zero degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124629 </DOCNO>
Why Canonical Disks Cannot Produce Advection Dominated Flows


  Using simple arguments we show that the canonical thin keplerian accretion
disks cannot smoothly match any plain advection dominated flow (ADAF) model. By
'plain' ADAF model we mean the ones with zero cooling. The existence of sonic
points in exact solutions is critical and imposes constraints that cannot be
surpassed adopting 'reasonable' physical conditions at the hypothetical match
point. Only the occurrence of new critical physical phenomena may produce a
transition. We propose that exact advection models are a class of solutions
which don't necessarily involve the standard thin cool disks and suggest a
different scenario in which good ADAF solutions could eventually occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86929 </DOCNO>
Can Martinez's conjecture be extended to string theory?


  The universality of Martinez's conjecture, which states that the quasilocal
energy of a black hole at the outer horizon reduces to twice its irreducible
mass, or equivalently, to $\sqrt{A/4\pi}$ ($A$ is the area of the black hole),
is investigated by calculating Brown-York quasilocal energies for stationary
black holes in heterotic string theory, e. g., for the stationary Kaluza-Klein
black hole, the rotating Cveti$\check{c}$-Youm black hole, the stationary
axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion black hole, and the Kerr-Sen black
hole. It is shown that Martinez's conjecture can be extended from general
relativity to heterotic string theory since the quasilocal energies of these
stationary black holes tend to their Arnowitt-Dener-Misner masses at spatial
infinity, and reduce to $\sqrt{A/4\pi}$ at the event horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73723 </DOCNO>
Diffraction at HERA


  Talk given at the First Workshop on Forward Physics and Luminosity
Determination at the LHC, Helsinki,
  Finland, November 2000. 12 pages, 9 figures

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74601 </DOCNO>
Status of Structure Functions and Partons


  We briefly review some of the developments in the study of parton
distributions which have occurred since DIS2000, including discussion of
uncertainties, shadowing, unintegrated and generalized distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125095 </DOCNO>
The first outburst of SAX J1808.4-3658 revisited


  Data of the 1996 outburst of the single-known accreting millisecond pulsar
SAX J1808.4-3658, taken with the Wide Field Cameras (WFCs) on BeppoSAX, are
revisited with more complete data coverage and more comprehensive analysis
techniques than in a previous report. An additional type-I X-ray burst was
identified which occurred at a time when the persistent emission is below the
detection limit, roughly 30 days after outburst maximum. This burst is three
times longer than the first two bursts, and 50% brighter. It is the brightest
burst within the ~1700 type-I bursts detected so far with the WFCs. A spectral
analysis of the data reveals a distance to SAX J1808.4-3658 of ~2.5 kpc. This
is an update from a previously reported value of 4 kpc. We present the evidence
that we have for the presence of oscillations at the pulsar frequency during
part of the newly found burst. Such an oscillation would lend support to the
idea that the frequency of millisecond burst oscillations in other objects is
very close to the neutron star rotation frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76151 </DOCNO>
Resummation of the QCD thermodynamic potential


  It is argued why thermodynamic approximations in terms of dressed propagators
may, at larger coupling strength, be better behaved than perturbative results,
and why in hot QCD the hard thermal loop approximation of the thermodynamic
potential cannot be expected to work close to the phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76403 </DOCNO>
Infrared behaviour of the pressure in g\phi^3 theory in 6 dimensions


  In an earlier paper Almeida and Frenkel considered the calculation of the
pressure in g\phi^3 theory in 6 dimensions via the Schwinger--Dyson equation.
They found, under certain approximations, that a finite result ensues in the
infrared limit. We find this conclusion to remain true with certain variations
of these approximations, suggesting the finiteness of the result to be fairly
robust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98078 </DOCNO>
Stochastic models which separate fractal dimension and Hurst effect


  Fractal behavior and long-range dependence have been observed in an
astonishing number of physical systems. Either phenomenon has been modeled by
self-similar random functions, thereby implying a linear relationship between
fractal dimension, a measure of roughness, and Hurst coefficient, a measure of
long-memory dependence. This letter introduces simple stochastic models which
allow for any combination of fractal dimension and Hurst exponent. We
synthesize images from these models, with arbitrary fractal properties and
power-law correlations, and propose a test for self-similarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86754 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills theory as a quantum gravity with `aether'


  Quantum Yang-Mills theory can be rewritten in terms of gauge-invariant
variables: it has the form of the so-called BF gravity, with an additional
`aether' term. The BF gravity based on the gauge group SU(N) is actually a
theory of high spin fields (up to J=N) with high local symmetry mixing up
fields with different spins -- like in supergravity but without fermions. At N
going to infinity one gets a theory with an infinite tower of spins related by
local symmetry, similar to what one has in string theory. We, thus, outline a
way to derive string theory from a local Yang-Mills theory in the large N
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96822 </DOCNO>
A class of Lorenz-type systems, their factorizations and extensions


  It is well known that the Lorenz system has $Z_2$-symmetry. Using introducted
in math.DS/0105147 topological covering-coloring a new representation for the
Lorenz system is obtained. Deleting coloring leads to the factorized Lorenz
system that is in a sense more fundamental than the original one. Finally,
$Z_n$ extensions define a class of Lorenz-type systems. The approach admits a
natural generalization for regular and chaotic systems with arbitrary
symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76353 </DOCNO>
Flavour-Changing Neutral Currents and Leptophobic Z' Gauge Bosons


  Leptophobic Z' gauge bosons can appear in models with an E_6 gauge symmetry.
We show that flavour-changing neutral currents can be generated in some of
these models due to the mixing of the ordinary d_R, s_R and b_R quark fields
with the exotic h_R. Because the Z' does not couple to charged leptons, the
constraints on the flavour-changing couplings U^{Z'}_{db} and U^{Z'}_{sb} are
relatively weak. Indeed, B_q--Bbar_q mixing (q=d,s) can be dominated by Z'
exchange, which will affect CP-violating rate asymmetries in B decays. Rare
hadronic B decays can also be affected, while decays involving charged leptons
will be unchanged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96396 </DOCNO>
On a Certain Stratification of the Gauge Orbit Space


  For a principal $\rmSU(n)$-bundle over a compact manifold of dimension
$2,3,4$, we determine the orbit types of the action of the gauge group on the
space of connections modulo pointed local gauge transformations. We find that
they are given by Howe subgroups of $\rmSU(n)$ for which a certain
characteristic equation is solvable. Depending on the base manifold, this
equation leads to a linear, bilinear, or quadratic Diophantine equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97438 </DOCNO>
Sobolev Trace Inequalities


  The existence of extremal functions for the Sobolev trace inequalities is
studied using the concentration compactness theorem. The conjectured extremal,
the function of conformal factor, is considered and is proved to be an actual
extremal function with extra symmetry condition on functions. One of the
limiting cases of the Sobolev trace inequalities is investigated and the best
constant for this case is computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148507 </DOCNO>
Contact superconformal algebras and their representations


  This is a brief overview of my work on the realization of contact
superconformal algebras in terms of pseudodifferential symbols on a
supercircle. Also the 2-cocycles on K'(4) are given for this realization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128505 </DOCNO>
The Fate of the First Galaxies. I. Self-Consistent Cosmological


  In cold dark matter (CDM) cosmogonies, low-mass objects play an important
role in the evolution of the universe. Not only are they the first luminous
objects to shed light in a previously dark universe, but, if their formation is
not inhibited by their own feedback, they dominate the galaxy mass function
until redshift z \sim 5. In this paper we present and discuss the
implementation of a 3D cosmological code that includes most of the needed
physics to simulate the formation and evolution of the first galaxies
(Population III objects) with a self-consistent treatment of radiative
feedback. The simulation includes continuum radiative transfer using the
``Optically Thin Variable Eddington Tensor'' (OTVET) approximation and
line-radiative transfer in the H_2 Lyman-Werner bands of the background
radiation. We include detailed chemistry for H_2 formation/destruction,
molecular and atomic cooling/heating processes, ionization by secondary
electrons, and heating by Ly\alpha resonant scattering.
  We find that Population III objects are characterized by a bursting star
formation, self-regulated by a feedback process that acts on cosmological
scales. Their formation is not suppressed by feedback processes; therefore,
their impact on cosmic evolution cannot be neglected. The main focus of this
paper is on the methodology of the simulations, and we only briefly introduce
some of the results. An extensive discussion of the results and the nature of
the feedback mechanism are the focus of a companion paper. The implications of
our work could resolve at least some of the unsolved problems faced by CDM
cosmogonies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75078 </DOCNO>
Chiral quark model with infrared cut-off for the description of meson


  A simple chiral quark model of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) type with a
quark confinement mechanism is constructed for the description of the light
meson sector of QCD at finite temperature. Unphysical quark production
thresholds in the NJL model are excluded by an infrared cut-off in the momentum
integration within quark loop diagrams. This chiral quark model satisfies the
low energy theorems. Using the vacuum masses and decay widths of \pi- and
\rho-mesons for fixing the model parameters, the properties of the \sigma-
meson are derived. Within the Matsubara formalism, the model is systematically
extended to finite temperatures where chiral symmetry restoration due to a
dropping constituent quark mass entails a vanishing of the infrared cut-off
(deconfinement) at the pion Mott temperature T_c=186 MeV. Besides of the pion
mass and weak decay constant, the masses, coupling constants and decay widths
of \sigma- and \rho-mesons in hot matter are investigated. The quark-antiquark
decay channel of the light mesons is opened for T>T_c only and becomes
particularly strong for the \rho- meson. The two-pion decay channel below T_c
has almost constant width for the \rho- meson up to T_c, but for the
\sigma-meson it closes below T_c such that a scalar meson state with vanishing
width is obtained as a precursor of the chiral/deconfinement transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76755 </DOCNO>
Chiral Perturbation Theory and the f2(1270) resonance


  Within Chiral Perturbation Theory, we study elastic pion scattering in the
I=0, J=2, channel, whose main features are the f2(1270) resonance and the
vanishing of the lowest order. By means of a chiral model that includes an
explicit resonance coupled to pions, we describe the data and calculate the
resonance contribution to the O(p^4) and O(p^6) chiral parameters. We also
generalize the Inverse Amplitude Method to higher orders, which allows us to
study channels with vanishing lowest order. In particular, we apply it to the
I=0,J=2 case, finding a good description of the f2(1270) resonance, as a pole
in the second Riemann sheet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124459 </DOCNO>
Zodiacal Infrared Foreground Prediction for Space Based Infrared


  The zodiacal foreground for a highly sensitive space infrared interferometer
is predicted for various observing locations. For the predictions we use a
model that was derived from measurements of the Cosmic Background Explorer
(COBE). We find that at a wavelength of $10{\rm \mu m}$ 96% of the sky is
darker than $1{MJy}{\rm sr}^{-1}$ for observations in the ecliptic plane at
$5{\rm AU}$, and 83% is darker than $0.1{\rm MJy}{\rm sr}^{-1}$. At $1{\rm
AU}$, however, always more than 50% of the sky are brighter than $1{\rm
MJy}{\rm sr}^{-1}$, even if the observations are made from $30^\circ$ or
$60^\circ$ of latitude above the ecliptic plane, at 10 or $20{\rm \mu m}$.
Thus, according to the employed model, the foreground reduction by increasing
the heliocentric distance of the observing location is more effective than by
increasing the latitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127382 </DOCNO>
Thunderclouds and accretion discs: a model for the spectral and temporal


  X-ray observations of Seyfert 1 galaxies offer the unique possibility of
observing spectral variability on timescales comparable to the dynamical time
of the inner accretion flow. They typically show highly variable lightcurves,
with Power Density Spectra characterized by `red noise' and a break at low
frequencies. Time resolved spectral analysis have established that spectral
variability on the shortest timescales is important in all these sources, with
the spectra getting softer at high fluxes. Here we present a model that is able
to explain a number of the above mentioned properties in terms of magnetic
flares shining above a standard accretion disc and producing the X-ray spectrum
via inverse Compton scattering soft photons (both intrinsic and reprocessed
thermal emission from the accretion disc and locally produced synchrotron
radiation). We show that the fundamental heating event, likely caused by
magnetic reconnection, must be compact, with typical size comparable to the
accretion disc thickness and must be triggered at a height at least an order of
magnitude larger than its size; the spatial and temporal distribution of flares
are not random: the heating of the corona proceeds in correlated trains of
events in an avalanche fashion. The amplitude of the avalanches obeys a
power-law distribution and determines the size of the active regions where the
spectrum is produced. With our model we simulate X-ray lightcurves that
reproduce the main observational properties of the Power Density Spectra and of
the X-ray continuum short-term variability of Seyfert 1 galaxies. By comparing
them with observations of MGC--6-30-15, we are able to infer that the corona in
this source must have a large optical depth (tau >1.5) and small average
covering fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124817 </DOCNO>
Stability of realistic strange stars (RSS)


  Strange stars (SS) calculated from a realistic equation of state (EOS) are
very stable, for example under fast rotation but have a soft surface, on which
ripples may occur when radiation is emitted close to it. We suggest this as a
natural explanation of the fluctuations observed in the intensity profile of
X-ray pulsars.
    In contrast, SS based on EOS derived from the bag models (Bag SS) are less
stable against fast rotation and do not have a hard surface and cannot explain
these ripples. There are other important differences between Bag SS and the SS,
based on a realistic EOS, which we call realistic strange stars (RSS).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4185 </DOCNO>
Gravothermal Catastrophe and Generalized Entropy of Self-Gravitating


  We present a first physical application of Tsallis' generalized entropy to
the thermodynamics of self-gravitating systems. The stellar system confined in
a spherical cavity of radius $r_e$ exhibits an instability, so-called
gravothermal catastrophe, which has been originally investigated by Antonov
(1962) and Lynden-Bell & Wood (1968) on the basis of the maximum entropy
principle for the phase-space distribution function. In contrast to previous
analyses using the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy, we apply the Tsallis-type
generalized entropy to seek the equilibrium criteria. Then the distribution
function of Vlassov-Poisson system can be reduced to the stellar polytrope
system. Evaluating the second variation of Tsallis entropy and solving the zero
eigenvalue problem explicitly, we find that the gravothermal instability
appears in cases with polytrope index $n>5$. The critical point characterizing
the onset of instability are obtained, which exactly matches with the results
derived from the standard turning-point analysis. The results give an important
suggestion that the Tsallis entropy is indeed applicable and viable to the
long-range nature of the self-gravitating system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113451 </DOCNO>
Fast Zonal Field Dynamo in Collisionless Kinetic Alfven Wave Turbulence


  The possibility of fast dynamo action by collisionless kinetic Alfven Wave
turbulence is demonstrated. The irreversibility necessary to lock in the
generated field is provided by electron Landau damping, so the induced electric
field does not vanish with resistivity. Mechanisms for self-regulation of the
system and the relation of these results to the theory of alpha quenching are
discussed. The dynamo-generated fields have symmetry like to that of zonal
flows, and thus are termed zonal fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97880 </DOCNO>
On Infravacua and the Superselection Structure of Theories with Massless


  In quantum field theories with massless particles, states carrying a
nontrivial superselection charge may have very poor localisation properties
when compared to the vacuum. In this case, replacing the vacuum with a suitable
``infravacuum'' state can improve the localisability of the charges in such a
way that the Doplicher-Haag-Roberts (DHR) theory of superselection sectors is
applicable.
  As an explicit example for this phenomenon, we consider a certain class of
sectors of the free massless scalar field. These sectors carry a charge of
electric type, and the corresponding infravacuum background may be interpreted
as a cloud of infrared radiation.
  Motivated by this situation, we propose a model-independent definition of
infravacuum representations and derive some of their properties. We analyse in
particular their role as reference representations for DHR theory and
investigate to what an extent the absence of a translation invariant vector
affects the results of the DHR analysis. Special emphasis is put on the
functorial aspects of the theory and on the description of the covariance and
the spectral properties of charged sectors in terms of so-called charge
transporting cocycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124773 </DOCNO>
The binary fraction of extreme horizontal branch stars


  (Abbreviated) We have used precise radial velocity measurements of subdwarf-B
stars from the Palomar-Green catalogue to look for binary extreme horizontal
branch (EHB) stars. We identify 36 EHB stars in our sample and find that at
least 21 of these stars are binaries. All but one or two of these are new
identifications. The minimum binary fraction for EHB stars implied by our
survey is 60+-8%. Our survey is sensitive to binaries with orbital periods P
less than about 10d. For reasonable assumptions concerning the period
distribution and the mass ratio distribution of the binaries, we find that the
mean detection efficiency of our survey over this range of orbital periods is
87%. Allowing for this estimated detection efficiency, the fraction of EHB
stars which are short-period binaries ($0.03 < P <10d, approximately) is
69+-9%. The value is not strongly dependent on the period distribution below
P=10d or the mean companion mass for these short-period binaries. The orbital
separation of the stars in these binaries is much less than the size of the red
giant from which the EHB star has formed. This is strong evidence that binary
star evolution is fundamental to the formation of the majority of EHB stars. If
there are also binary EHB stars whose orbital periods are more than about 10d,
the fraction of EHB stars whose evolution has been affected by the presence of
a companion may be much higher.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128572 </DOCNO>
The BaSeL library as a basic tool to provide fundamental stellar


  COROT and GAIA are two future major space missions directly connected to most
of the stellar astrophysic questions, from stellar physics to evolution of
galaxies. We describe a project for the preparation of these two missions by
using the possibilities of the ``BaSeL'' models, a library of theoretical
stellar energy distributions, to provide automatically the fundamental stellar
parameters of the candidate stars. We present the results already obtained for
the stars of the COROT main programme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86389 </DOCNO>
Observed threshold anomalies as the first hope of a manifestation of


  The observations of photons from the BL Lac object Mk501 with energies above
10 TeV and of cosmic rays with energies above the GZK threshold appear to be
inconsistent with conventional theories. Remarkably, among the recent
new-physics proposals of solutions of these threshold paradoxes a prominent
role has been played by proposals based on quantum properties of space-time.
While the experimental evidence (and theory work attempting to interpret it) is
much too preliminary to justify any serious hopes that we might have stumbled
upon the first manifestation of a "quantum gravity", the fact that for the
first time phenomenological models involving quantum-gravity ideas are
competing on level ground with other new-physics proposals clearly marks the
beginning of a new stage of quantum-gravity research. I emphasize one important
aspect of this new phenomenology: combining the determination of the relevant
thresholds with data on the time/energy structure of gamma-ray bursts it is
possible to distinguish between alternative quantum-gravity scenarios. This
point is illustrated focusing on 3 specific scenarios: dispersion-inducing
space-time foam, string-theory-motivated non-commutative space-time, and this
author's recent proposal of a relativistic theory in which the Planck length
has the role of fundamental observer-independent minimum length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95769 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of split algebras and of trivial extensions


  We consider associative algebras L over a field provided with a direct sum
decomposition of a two-sided ideal M and a sub-algebra A - examples are
provided by trivial extensions or triangular type matrix algebras. In this
relative and split setting we describe a long exact sequence computing the
Hochschild cohomology of L. We study the connecting homomorphism using the
cup-product and we infer several results, in particular the first Hochschild
cohomology group of a trivial extension never vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6760 </DOCNO>
Derivatives of the fixed-node energy


  We present quantum Monte Carlo calculations of total energy derivatives,
consistently performed in the fixed-node approximation. Contributions from
nodal displacements, neglected or approximated in previous investigations, are
properly taken into account. Their impact on the efficiency is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5247 </DOCNO>
Making High T$_c$ Higher: A Theoretical Proposal


  There is considerable evidence that the highest $T_c$ obtainable in a
copper-oxide plane is limitted by the competition between two effects: On the
one hand, as the concentration of doped-holes, $ x$, is increased, the pairing
scale, which is related to the properties of a doped Mott insulator, decreases.
On the otherhand, the superfluid density, which controls the stiffness of the
system to phase fluctuations, vanishes as $x \to 0$, and increases with
increasing $x$. Optimal $T_c$ is obtained at a crossover from a phase ordering
dominated regime at small $x$ to a pairing dominated regime at large $x$. If
this description is valid, then higher $T_c$'s can be obtained in an array of
coupled planes with different doped hole concentrations, such that a high
pairing scale is derived from the underdoped planes and a large phase stiffness
from the optimally or overdoped ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41237 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric neutrino flux and muon data


  We present a new one-dimensional calculation of low and intermediate energy
atmospheric muon and neutrino fluxes, using up-to-date data on primary cosmic
rays and hadronic interactions. The existing agreement between calculated muon
fluxes and the data of the CAPRICE 94 muon experiment provides an evidence in
favor of the validity of our description of hadronic interactions and shower
development. This also supports our neutrino fluxes which are essentially lower
than those used for the standard analyses of the sub-GeV and multi-GeV neutrino
induced events in underground detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4691 </DOCNO>
Geometry of entangled states, Bloch spheres and Hopf fibrations


  We discuss a generalization to 2 qubits of the standard Bloch sphere
representation for a single qubit, in the framework of Hopf fibrations of high
dimensional spheres by lower dimensional spheres. The single qubit Hilbert
space is the 3-dimensional sphere S3. The S2 base space of a suitably oriented
S3 Hopf fibration is nothing but the Bloch sphere, while the circular fibres
represent the qubit overall phase degree of freedom. For the two qubits case,
the Hilbert space is a 7-dimensional sphere S7, which also allows for a Hopf
fibration, with S3 fibres and a S4 base. A main striking result is that
suitably oriented S7 Hopf fibrations are entanglement sensitive. The relation
with the standard Schmidt decomposition is also discussed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77115 </DOCNO>
Oscillation enhanced search for new interaction with neutrinos


  We discuss the measurement of new physics in long baseline neutrino
oscillation experiments. Through the neutrino oscillation, the probability to
detect the new physics effects such as flavor violation is enhanced by the
interference with the weak interaction. We carefully explain the situations
that the interference can take place. Assuming a neutrino factory and an
upgraded conventional beam, we estimate the feasibility to observe new physics
numerically and point out that we can search new interactions using some
channels, for example $\nu_{\mu} \to \nu_{\mu}$, in these experiments. We also
discuss several models which induce the effective interactions interfering with
the weak interaction, and show that some new physics effects are large enough
to be observed in the oscillation enhanced way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148229 </DOCNO>
Metamorphosis Of Tachyon Profile In Unstable D9-Branes


  We explored a variety of brane configurations in our previous paper within
the two derivative truncation of the unstable D9-brane effective theory. In
this paper we extend our previous results with emphasis on the inclusion of the
higher derivative corrections for the tachyon and the gauge fields computed in
the boundary string field theories. We give the exact solutions to BPS brane
configurations studied in our previous paper and find remarkable exact
agreements of their energies and RR-charges with the expected results. We
further find a few more solutions that we could not construct in the two
derivative truncations, such as a (F,D6) bound state ending on a D8-brane whose
existence turns out to be due to a higher derivative effect and also the
dielectric brane of Emparan and Myers as a nonsupersymmetric example. These are
also in exact agreements with the results obtained in the effective theory of
supersymmetric D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99172 </DOCNO>
A complete rewrite system and normal forms for (S)_reg


  The (.)_reg construction was introduced in order to make an arbitrary
semigroup S divide a regular semigroup (S)_reg which shares some important
properties with S (e.g., finiteness, subgroups, torsion bounds, J-order
structure). We show that (S)_reg can be described by a rather simple complete
string rewrite system, as a consequence of which we obtain a new proof of the
normal form theorem for (S)_reg. The new proof of the normal form theorem is
conceptually simpler than the previous proofs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4055 </DOCNO>
High Temperature PI/2-SQUID


  A new DC-SQUID is proposed that exploits the properties of the grain boundary
junctions in high T_c superconductors. The orientations of the grain boundaries
are chosen in such a way to establish a pi/2 (rather than 0 or pi) phase
difference between the equilibrium phases of the two Josephson junctions in the
SQUID loop. This property is exploited to increase the sensitivity and
direction dependence of the SQUID for measuring magnetic flux without
additional flux generating coils.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81413 </DOCNO>
The supersymmetric Ward identities on the lattice


  Supersymmetric (SUSY) Ward identities are considered for the N=1 SU(2) SUSY
Yang Mills theory discretized on the lattice with Wilson fermions (gluinos).
They are used in order to compute non-perturbatively a subtracted gluino mass
and the mixing coefficient of the SUSY current. The computations were performed
at gauge coupling $\beta$=2.3 and hopping parameter $\kappa$=0.1925, 0.194,
0.1955 using the two-step multi-bosonic dynamical-fermion algorithm. Our
results are consistent with a scenario where the Ward identities are satisfied
up to O(a) effects. The vanishing of the gluino mass occurs at a value of the
hopping parameter which is not fully consistent with the estimate based on the
chiral phase transition. This suggests that, although SUSY restoration appears
to occur close to the continuum limit of the lattice theory, the results are
still affected by significant systematic effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5558 </DOCNO>
Critical Behaviour near the Mott Transition in a Two-Band Hubbard Model


  The Mott metal-insulator transition in the two-band Hubbard model in infinite
dimensions is studied by using the linearized dynamical mean-field theory. The
discontinuity in the chemical potential for the change from hole to electron
doping is calculated analytically as a function of the on-site Coulomb
interaction $U$, and the charge-transfer energy $\Delta$ between the $d$- and
$p$-orbitals, transfer integrals $t_{pd}$, $t_{pp}$, $t_{dd}$ between $p$-$d$,
$p$-$p$ and $d$-$d$ sites respectively. The critical behaviour of the
quasiparticle weight is also obtained analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74723 </DOCNO>
The dependence of cosmological parameters estimated from the microwave


  The estimation of cosmological parameters from cosmic microwave experiments
has almost always been performed assuming gaussian data. In this paper the
sensitivity of the parameter estimation to different assumptions on the
probability distribution of the fluctuations is tested. Specifically, adopting
the Edgeworth expansion, I show how the cosmological parameters depend on the
skewness of the C_l spectrum. In the particular case of skewness independent of
the multipole number I find that the primordial slope, the baryon density and
the cosmological constant increase with the skewness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72393 </DOCNO>
Solving the mu problem in gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking models


  We suggest a solution to the \mu problem of gauge mediated supersymmtery
breaking models based on flavor symmetries. In this scenario the \mu term
arises through the vacuum expectation value of a singlet scalar field which is
suppressed by a flavor symmetry factor relative to the scale of dynamical SUSY
breaking. The same flavor symmetry also ensures that the soft SUSY breaking
parameter B\mu is not much larger than \mu^2, a necessary condition for the
stability of electroweak symmetry breaking. Explicit examples where B\mu ~
\mu^2 and B\mu << \mu^2 are presented. The latter case provides a natural
solution to the supersymmetric CP problem. We show that the same flavor
symmetry that suppresses the \mu and the B\mu parameters can also play a role
in explaining the fermion mass and mixing hierarchy puzzle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 246 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics of liquids of arbitrarily curved flux-lines and vortex


  We derive a hydrodynamic model for a liquid of arbitrarily curved flux-lines
and vortex loops using the mapping of the vortex liquid onto a liquid of
relativistic charged quantum bosons in 2+1 dimensions recently suggested by
Tesanovic and by Sudbo and collaborators. The loops in the flux-line system
correspond to particle-antiparticle fluctuations in the bosons. We explicitly
incorporate the externally applied magnetic field which in the boson model
corresponds to a chemical potential associated with the conserved charge
density of the bosons. We propose this model as a convenient and physically
appealing starting point for studying the properties of the vortex liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168224 </DOCNO>
Spectral decomposition of Bell's operators for qubits


  The spectral decomposition is given for the N-qubit Bell operators with two
observables per qubit. It is found that the eigenstates (when non-degenerate)
are N-qubit GHZ states even for those operators that do not allow the maximal
violation of the corresponding inequality. We present two applications of this
analysis. In particular, we discuss the existence of pure entangled states that
do not violate any Mermin-Klyshko inequality for $N\geq 3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149640 </DOCNO>
Solution Generating Technique for Noncommutative Orbifolds


  We determine how the tachyon condensations occur in various D-\=D systems on
orbifolds C^2/Z_N by extending the solution generating technique. We propose
some rules to classify types of noncommutative solitons as fractional D-branes.
This identification gives consistent results with BSFT. The extended solution
generating technique enables us to calculate more general decay modes of D-\=D
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7375 </DOCNO>
Gauge (non-)invariant Green functions of Dirac fermions coupled to gauge


  We develop a unified approach to both infrared and ultraviolet asymptotics of
the fermion Green functions in the condensed matter systems that allow for an
effective description in the framework of the Quantum Electrodynamics. By
applying a path integral representation to the previously suggested form of the
physical electron propagator we demonstrate that in the massless case this
gauge invariant function features a "stronger-than-a-pole" branch-cut
singularity instead of the conjectured Luttinger-like behavior. The obtained
results alert one to the possibility that construction of physically relevant
amplitudes in the effective gauge theories might prove more complex than
previously thought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124864 </DOCNO>
Recurrent novae as a progenitor system of Type Ia supernovae. I. RS


  Theoretical light curves of four recurrent novae in outburst are modeled to
obtain various physical parameters. They are those with a red giant companion,
T CrB, RS Oph, V745 Sco, and V3890 Sgr. Our model includes irradiations of the
companion star and the accretion disk together with a shadowing effect on the
companion by the accretion disk. The early visual light curves are well
reproduced with a thermonuclear runaway model on a very massive white dwarf of
1.37 Mo for T CrB, 1.37 Mo for RS Oph with low metallicity (Z=0.004), 1.35 Mo
for V745 Sco, and 1.35 Mo for V3890 Sgr. Each envelope mass at the optical
maximum is also estimated to be 3 x 10^{-6}, 2 x 10^{-6}, 5 x 10^{-6}, and 3 x
10^{-6} Mo, indicating an average mass accretion rate of 0.4 x 10^{-7}, 1.2 x
10^{-7}, 0.9 x 10^{-7}, and 1.1 x 10^{-7} Mo/yr during the quiescent phase.
Although a large part of the envelope mass is blown in the wind, each WD can
retain a substantial part of the envelope mass after hydrogen burning ends.
Thus, we have obtained net mass-increasing rates of the WDs as 0.1 x 10^{-7},
0.12 x 10^{-7}, 0.05 x 10^{-7}, and 0.11 x 10^{-7} Mo/yr. These results
strongly indicate that the WDs in the recurrent novae have now grown up to near
the Chandrasekhar mass limit and will soon explode as a Type Ia supernova if
the WDs consist of carbon and oxygen. We also include a radiation-induced
warping instability of the accretion disk to reproduce the second peak of T CrB
outbursts. Thus, we have clarified the reason why only T CrB shows a secondary
maximum but the other three systems do not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123617 </DOCNO>
Calibrating nebular diagnostics of T_* and abundance


  We obtained nebular spectroscopy of LMC HII regions having classified stellar
populations, thereby strongly constraining the ionization input parameters.
Using photoionization models, we then evaluate the performance of nebular
diagnostics of T_* and abundance. We introduce [Ne III]/H-beta as a nebular
diagnostic of the ionizing stellar T_*. In contrast to the widely-used
\eta-prime parameter, [Ne III]/H-beta has greater sensitivity to mid and early
O-stars, and is robust to nebular morphology and the presence of shocks. We
present a preliminary calibration of both T_* diagnostics for LMC metallicity.
We also introduce S234 = ([S II] + [S III] + [S IV])/H-beta as a diagnostic of
S abundance. S234 is much less sensitive to the nebular ionization parameter
than is S23 or R23. The intensity of [S IV]10.5 microns is easily estimated
from the optical and near-IR line ratios. We present calibrations of S23 and
S234 that are reliable at metallicities Z < 0.5 Z_sol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128669 </DOCNO>
Matter Power Spectrum from the Lyman-Alpha Forest: Myth or Reality?


  We investigate possible systematic errors in the recent measurement of the
matter power spectrum from the Lyman-alpha forest by Croft et al. (2001). We
find that for a large set of prior cosmological models the Croft et al. result
holds quite well, with systematic errors being comparable to random ones, when
a dependence of the recovered matter power spectrum on the cosmological
parameters at z~3 is taken into account. We find that peculiar velocities cause
the flux power spectrum to be smoothed over about 100-300 km/s, dependng on
scale. Consequently, the recovered matter power spectrum is a smoothed version
of the underlying true power spectrum. Uncertainties in the recovered power
spectrum are thus correlated over about 100-300 km/s. As a side effect, we find
that residual fluctuations in the ionizing background, while having almost no
effect on the recovered matter power spectrum, significantly bias estimates of
the baryon density from the Lyman-alpha forest data. We therefore conclude that
the Croft et al. result provides a powerful new constraint on cosmological
parameters and models of structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128604 </DOCNO>
IR Detection of Low-Mass Secondaries in Spectroscopic Binaries


  This paper outlines an infrared spectroscopic technique to measure the radial
velocities of faint secondaries in known single-lined binaries. The paper
presents our H-band observations with the CSHELL and Phoenix spectrographs and
describes detections of three low-mass secondaries in main-sequence binaries:
G147-36, G164-67, and HD144284 with mass ratios of 0.562+-0.011, 0.423+-0.042,
and 0.380+-0.013, respectively. The latter is one of the smallest mass ratios
derived to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168075 </DOCNO>
Exact coherent states in one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with


  For the models of $N$-body identical harmonic oscillators interacting through
potentials of homogeneous degree -2, the unitary operator that transforms a
system of time-dependent parameters into that of unit spring constant and unit
mass of different timescale is found. If the interactions can be written in
terms of the differences between positions of two particles, it is also shown
that the Schr\"{o}dinger equation is invariant under a unitary transformation.
These unitary relations can be used not only in finding coherent states from
the given stationary states in a system, but also in finding exact wave
functions of the Hamiltonian systems of time-dependent parameters from those of
time-independent Hamiltonian systems. Both operators are invariant under the
exchange of any pair of particles. The transformations are explicitly applied
for some of the Calogero-Sutherland models to find exact coherent states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129015 </DOCNO>
Optical Spectra of Supernovae


  Supernova flux and polarization spectra bring vital information on the
geometry, physical conditions, and composition structure of the ejected matter.
For some supernovae the circumstellar matter is also probed by the observed
spectra. Some of this information can be inferred directly from the observed
line profiles and fluxes, but because of the Doppler broadening and severe line
blending, interpretation often involves the use of synthetic spectra. The
emphasis in this Chapter is on recent results obtained with the help of
synthetic spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76424 </DOCNO>
Signatures of the neutral top-pion in $e\gamma$ collisions


  We calculate the contributions of the neutral top-pion $\pi_{t}^0$ to the
process $e^-\gamma\to e^-\bar{t}c$ in the framework of topcolor-assisted
technicolor(TC2) models and discuss the possible of detecting $\pi_t^0$ at the
high energy linear $e^+e^-$ collider(LC). Our results show that $\pi_t^0$ can
give significant contributions to this process. With reasonable values of the
parameters in TC2 models, the cross section $\sigma$ can reach 0.19 fb which
may be detected at the $e\gamma$ collisions based on the future LC experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86738 </DOCNO>
On the two-body problem in general relativity


  We consider the two-body problem in post-Newtonian approximations of general
relativity. We report the recent results concerning the equations of motion,
and the associated Lagrangian formulation, of compact binary systems, at the
third post-Newtonian order (1/c^6 beyond the Newtonian acceleration). These
equations are necessary when constructing the theoretical templates for
searching and analyzing the gravitational-wave signals from inspiralling
compact binaries in VIRGO-type experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96908 </DOCNO>
On derivation deviations in an abstract pre-operad


  We consider basic algebraic constructions associated with an abstract
pre-operad, such as a $\smile$-algebra, total composition $\bul$,
pre-coboundary operator $\de$ and tribraces $\{\cdot,\cdot,\cdot\}$. A
derivation deviation of the pre-coboundary operator over the tribraces is
calculated in terms of the $\smile$-multiplication and total composition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6452 </DOCNO>
Singular Structure and Enhanced Friedel Oscillations in the


  We calculate the leading order corrections (in $r_s$) to the static
polarization $\Pi^{*}(q,0,)$, with dynamically screened interactions, for the
two-dimensional electron gas. The corresponding diagrams all exhibit singular
logarithmic behavior in their derivatives at $q=2 k_F$ and provide significant
enhancement to the proper polarization particularly at low densities. At a
density of $r_s=3$, the contribution from the leading order {\em fluctuational}
diagrams exceeds both the zeroth order (Lindhard) response and the self-energy
and exchange contributions. We comment on the importance of these diagrams in
two-dimensions and make comparisons to an equivalent three-dimensional electron
gas; we also consider the impact these finding have on $\Pi^{*}(q,0)$ computed
to all orders in perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113947 </DOCNO>
The Origin of Gravity


  I consider a pair of harmonic, electromagnetically coupled oscillators. Their
dynamic coupling is allowed in the near field, that is, for frequencies roughly
below ~c/r for virtual exchanges between two elementary entities. It is also
valid for tunneling photons from very distant and red-shifted matter in the
radiation gauge. In this case, the near magnetic field can be safely ignored. I
treat the problem using Planck's and Post's ensemble description of harmonic
oscillators. It is found that the correlated interacting modes have lower eigen
frequencies and positive zero-modes, their anticorrelating counterparts having
higher eigenfrequencies and negative zero-modes. While the former tend to
induce coherent states over large ensembles, the latter cannot. This applies to
all the modes of the near field, as well as to the transverse radiant modes. As
a result, an attractive -1/r long-range potential is found in all the
zero-modes of the near field, with a cosmological constant depending on the
disorder in the system, provided that the interacting modes be most strongly
cohered from the far infrared. This occurs naturally in Yilmaz's cosmology,
where the Zitterbewegung of very distant matter is felt in the far infrared by
the Zitterbewegung of local matter, in proportion to the frequencies of both,
which agrees with the principle of equivalence. The Machian inertia appears on
cosmic scales from bound coherent states through this tunneling electromagnetic
radiation. In an elliptic Universe, the very low frequency modes of the coupled
oscillators can be identified with those of their radiative antipodal image. As
a result, far infrared coherent modes are expected to arise in the Universe
that lies within their realm, in which the local oscillators intrinsically
partake, inducing gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83619 </DOCNO>
Evaluating Recommendation Algorithms by Graph Analysis


  We present a novel framework for evaluating recommendation algorithms in
terms of the `jumps' that they make to connect people to artifacts. This
approach emphasizes reachability via an algorithm within the implicit graph
structure underlying a recommender dataset, and serves as a complement to
evaluation in terms of predictive accuracy. The framework allows us to consider
questions relating algorithmic parameters to properties of the datasets. For
instance, given a particular algorithm `jump,' what is the average path length
from a person to an artifact? Or, what choices of minimum ratings and jumps
maintain a connected graph? We illustrate the approach with a common jump
called the `hammock' using movie recommender datasets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149312 </DOCNO>
A Theorem on the Power of Supersymmetry in Matrix Theory


  For the so-called source-probe configuration in Matrix theory, we prove the
following theorem concerning the power of supersymmetry (SUSY): Let $\delta$ be
a quantum-corrected effective SUSY transformation operator expandable in powers
of the coupling constant $g$ as $\delta = \sum_{n\ge 0} g^{2n} \delta^{(n)}$,
where $\delta^{(0)}$ is of the tree-level form. Then, apart from an overall
constant, the SUSY Ward identity $\delta \Gamma=0$ determines the off-shell
effective action $\Gamma$ uniquely to arbitrary order of perturbation theory,
provided that the $ SO(9)$ symmetry is preserved. Our proof depends only on the
properties of the tree-level SUSY transformation laws and does not require the
detailed knowledge of quantum corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73367 </DOCNO>
Affleck-Dine baryogensis in large extra dimensions


  Baryogenesis in the models where the fundamental scale is as low as TeV in
the context of large extra dimensions is a challenging problem. The requirement
for the departure from thermal equilibrium necessarily ties any low scale
baryogenesis with that of a successful inflationary model which automatically
provides the out of equilibrium condition after the end of inflation. However,
it is also noticeable that in these models the reheat temperature of the
Universe is strongly constrained from the overproduction of Kaluza-Klein modes,
which enforces a very low reheat temperature. In this paper we describe a
possible scenario for baryogenesis which has a similar characteristics of an
Affleck-Dine field. We notice that in order to have an adequate baryon to
entropy ratio one requires to promote this Affleck-Dine field to reside in the
bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3574 </DOCNO>
A microscopic model for exchange bias


  The domain state model for exchange bias has been further investigated by
considering vector spins for the antiferromagnet instead of Ising spins used in
the earlier studies. The qualitative results are similar to those with infinite
anisotropy for the antiferromagnet. However, under certain conditions softer
spins can lead to an even stronger bias field. The study shows a nontrivial
dependence of the exchange bias on the antiferromagnetic anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3065 </DOCNO>
Parametric Equations of the Theory of Formation of Spherical Micelles


  Using the notion of aggregation work, we construct a system of differential
equations for the aggregation number of micelles which is a function of the
parameters of micellization (parametric equations). There are explicit
solutions for two important models of spherical micelles. Based on these
solutions, we obtain an analytical expression for the equilibrium concentration
of surfactant monomers and consequently for the whole spectrum of equilibrium
concentrations of molecular aggregates in this framework. Accuracy of these
expressions is discussed, and they are applied on an example of micelles formed
by sodium dodecyl sulfate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114312 </DOCNO>
High Performance Electrostatic Sensors and Actuators for LISA Proof Mass


  This document contains two presentations which describe the working
principles of a class of electrostatic multidimensional sensors and force
actuators. The subject of the study is the search of the most effective methods
for measuring the position of a cubical conducting proof mass which floats in a
weightless environment. The same proof mass must be controlled with a feedback
loop by applying forces with the same set of electrodes. For more information
please see the web site: http://lisa.jpl.nasa.gov/

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6486 </DOCNO>
Critical Temperature Tc versus Charging Energy Ec in


  We study the recently discovered 117-Kelvin superconducting system C60/CHBr3
of the field-effect transistor and propose a possibility that the intercalation
molecule CHBr3 plays a role of an electric capacitor in the C60 fullerene
superconductor, which contrasts rather with an expectation that the
intercalation molecule in that system acts as simple spacer molecule.
Estimating the critical temperatures Tc for several C60/X (X: intercalation
molecule), we suggest searching for intercalation molecules with large
molecular polarizabilities, in order to attain higher Tc in the synthesis of
fullerene superconductors and to more systematically develop high Tc
superconducting electronic devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98941 </DOCNO>
Differential geometry of GL$_{p,q}(1| 1)$


  We introduce a construction of the differential calculus on the quantum
supergroup GL$_{p,q}(1| 1)$. We obtain two differential calculi, respectively,
associated with the left and right Cartan-Maurer one-forms. We also obtain the
quantum superalgebra of GL$_{p,q}(1| 1)$. Although all of the structures we
obtain are derived without an R matrix, they neverthless can be expressed using
an R matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98828 </DOCNO>
A semi-local trace identity and the Riemann hypothesis for function


  The asymptotic trace formula of A. Connes is restated in a semi-local form,
thus showing that the difficulties in giving a direct proof do not lie in the
change of topology when transgressing from finitely many places to infinitely
many.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99237 </DOCNO>
Nonsurjective nearisometries of Banach spaces


  We obtain sharp approximation results for into nearisometries between Lp
spaces and nearisometries into a Hilbert space. Our main theorem is the optimal
approximation result for nearsurjective nearisometries between general Banach
spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75935 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Bag Model as a Development of the Witten Superconducting


  We consider particlelike solutions to supergravity based on the Kerr-Newman
BH solution. The BH singularity is regularized by means of a phase transition
to a new superconducting vacuum state near the core region. We show that this
phase transition can be controlled by gravity in spite of the extreme smallness
of the local gravitational field.
  Supersymmetric BPS domain wall model is suggested which can provide this
phase transition and formation the stable charged (dual) superconducting core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3741 </DOCNO>
Optimal orientation of striped states in the quantum Hall system against


  We study striped states in the quantum Hall system around half-filled high
Landau levels and obtain the optimal orientation of the striped state in the
presence of an external unidirectional periodic potential. It is shown that the
optimal orientation is orthogonal to the external modulation in the Coulomb
dominant regime (the orthogonal phase) and is parallel in the external
modulation dominant regime (the parallel phase). The phase boundary of these
two phases is determined numerically in the parameter space of the strength and
wave number of the external modulation at the half-filled third Landau level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7387 </DOCNO>
Weakly nonlocal irreversible thermodynamics


  Weakly nonlocal thermodynamic theories are critically revisited. The
irreversible thermodynamic theory of nonlocal phenomena is given, based on a
modified form of the entropy current. Several classical equations are derived,
including Guyer-Krumhansl, Ginzburg-Landau and Cahn-Hilliard type equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73686 </DOCNO>
Current mass dependence of the quark condensate and the constituent


  We discuss the current mass dependence of the basic quantities of the quark
models -- constituent quark mass M and quark condensate i<psi^dagger psi >. The
framework of the consideration is QCD instanton vacuum model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2921 </DOCNO>
Shape of a liquid front upon dewetting


  We examine the profile of a liquid front of a film that is dewetting a solid
substrate. Since volume is conserved, the material that once covered the
substrate is accumulated in a rim close to the three phase contact line.
Theoretically, such a profile of a Newtonian liquid resembles an exponentially
decaying harmonic oscillation that relaxes into the prepared film thickness.
For the first time, we were able to observe this behavior experimentally. A
non-Newtonian liquid - a polymer melt - however, behaves differently. Here,
viscoelastic properties come into play. We will demonstrate that by analyzing
the shape of the rim profile. On a nm scale, we gain access to the rheology of
a non-Newtonian liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96611 </DOCNO>
Negative Probability and Uncertainty Relations


  A concise derivation of all uncertainty relations is given entirely within
the context of phase-space quantization, without recourse to operator methods,
to the direct use of Weyl's correspondence, or to marginal distributions of x
and p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125314 </DOCNO>
Effects of SNe II and SNe Ia Feedback on the Chemo-Dynamical Evolution


  We numerically investigate the dynamical and chemical processes of the
formation of elliptical galaxies in a cold dark matter (CDM) universe, in order
to understand the origin of the mass-dependence of the photometric properties
of elliptical galaxies. Our three-dimensional TREE N-body/SPH numerical
simulations of elliptical galaxy formation take into account both Type II (SNe
II) and Type Ia (SNe Ia) supernovae (SNe) and follow the time evolution of the
abundances of several chemical elements (C, O, Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe). Moreover we
compare different strengths of SNe feedback.In combination with stellar
population synthesis, we derive the photometric properties of simulation
end-products, including the magnitude, color, half-light radius, and abundance
ratios, and compare them with the observed scaling relations directly and
quantitatively. We find that the extremely strong influence of SNe is required
to reproduce the observed color-magnitude relation (CMR), where we assume each
SN yields energy of 4x10^51 ergs and that 90% of this energy is ejected as
kinetic feedback. The feedback affects the evolution of lower mass systems more
strongly and induces the galactic wind by which a larger fraction of gas is
blown out in a lower mass system. Finally higher mass systems become more metal
rich and have redder colors than lower mass systems. We emphasize based on our
simulation results that the galactic wind is triggered mainly by SNe Ia rather
than SNe II. In addition we examined the Kormendy relation, which prescribes
the size of elliptical galaxies, and the [Mg/Fe]--magnitude relation, which
provides a strong constraint on the star formation history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129154 </DOCNO>
The New Emerging Model for the Structure of Cooling Cores in Clusters of


  New X-ray observations with XMM-Newton show a lack of spectral evidence for
large amounts of cooling and condensing gas in the centers of galaxy clusters
believed to harbour strong cooling flows. Here, we explore these diagnostics of
the temperature structure of cooling cores with XMM-spectroscopy. We further
find no evidence of intrinsic absorption in the center of the cooling flows of
M87 and the Perseus cluster. To explain these findings we consider the heating
of the core regions of clusters by jets from a central AGN. We find that the
power of the AGN jets as estimated by their interaction effects with the
intracluster medium in several examples is more then sufficient to heat the
cooling flows. We explore which requirements such a heating model has to
fulfill and find a very promising scenario of self-regulated Bondi accretion of
the central black hole. In summary it is argued that most observational
evidence points towards much lower mass deposition rates than previously
inferred for cooling flow clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1631 </DOCNO>
Modeling electricity loads in California: a continuous-time approach


  In this paper we address the issue of modeling electricity loads and prices
with diffusion processes. More specifically, we study models which belong to
the class of generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. After comparing
properties of simulated paths with those of deseasonalized data from the
California power market and performing out-of-sample forecasts we conclude
that, despite certain advantages, the analyzed continuous-time processes are
not adequate models of electricity load and price dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168845 </DOCNO>
Deterministic entanglement concentration


  Deterministic extraction of Bell pairs from a finite number of partially
entangled pairs is discussed. We derive the maximum number of Bell pairs that
can be obtained with probability 1 by local operations and classical
communication. It is proved that the optimal deterministic concentration needs
only a two-pair collective manipulation in each step, and that a collective
manipulation of all entangled pairs is not necessary. Finally, this scheme
reveals an entanglement measure for the deterministic concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3594 </DOCNO>
Vortex avalanches and magnetic flux fragmentation in superconductors


  We report results of numerical simulations of non isothermal dendritic flux
penetration in type-II superconductors. We propose a generic mechanism of
dynamic branching of a propagating hotspot of a flux flow/normal state
triggered by a local heat pulse. The branching occurs when the flux hotspot
reflects from inhomogeneities or the boundary on which magnetization currents
either vanish, or change direction. Then the hotspot undergoes a cascade of
successive splittings, giving rise to a dissipative dendritic-type flux
structure. This dynamic state eventually cools down, turning into a frozen
multi-filamentary pattern of magnetization currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1048 </DOCNO>
Bulk singularities at critical end points: a field-theory analysis


  A class of continuum models with a critical end point is considered whose
Hamiltonian ${\mathcal{H}}[\phi,\psi]$ involves two densities: a primary
order-parameter field, $\phi$, and a secondary (noncritical) one, $\psi$.
Field-theoretic methods (renormalization group results in conjunction with
functional methods) are used to give a systematic derivation of singularities
occurring at critical end points. Specifically, the thermal singularity
$\sim|{t}|^{2-\alpha}$ of the first-order line on which the disordered or
ordered phase coexists with the noncritical spectator phase, and the
coexistence singularity $\sim |{t}|^{1-\alpha}$ or $\sim|{t}|^{\beta}$ of the
secondary density $<\psi>$ are derived. It is clarified how the renormalization
group (RG) scenario found in position-space RG calculations, in which the
critical end point and the critical line are mapped onto two separate fixed
points ${\mathcal P}_{\mathrm{CEP}}^*$ and ${\mathcal P}_{\lambda}^*$
translates into field theory. The critical RG eigenexponents of ${\mathcal
P}_{\mathrm{CEP}}^*$ and ${\mathcal P}_{\lambda}^*$ are shown to match.
${\mathcal P}_{\mathrm{CEP}}^*$ is demonstrated to have a discontinuity
eigenperturbation (with eigenvalue $y=d$), tangent to the unstable trajectory
that emanates from ${\mathcal P}_{\mathrm{CEP}}^*$ and leads to ${\mathcal
P}_{\lambda}^*$. The nature and origin of this eigenperturbation as well as the
role redundant operators play are elucidated. The results validate that the
critical behavior at the end point is the same as on the critical line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4431 </DOCNO>
Field Theoretic Studies of Quantum Spin Systems in One Dimension


  We describe some field theoretic methods for studying quantum spin systems in
one dimension. These include the nonlinear sigma-model approach which is
particularly useful for large values of the spin, the idea of Luttinger liquids
and bosonization which are more useful for small values of spin such as
spin-1/2, and the technique of low-energy effective Hamiltonians which can be
useful if the system under consideration is perturbatively close to an exactly
solvable model. We apply these techniques to similar spin models, such as spin
chains with dimerization and frustration, and spin ladders in the presence of a
magnetic field. This comparative study illustrates the relative strengths of
the different methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6975 </DOCNO>
Level-spacing distribution of a fractal matrix


  We diagonalize numerically a Fibonacci matrix with fractal Hilbert space
structure of dimension $d_{f}=1.8316...$ We show that the density of states is
logarithmically normal while the corresponding level-statistics can be
described as critical since the nearest-neighbor distribution function
approaches the intermediate semi-Poisson curve. We find that the eigenvector
amplitudes of this matrix are also critical lying between extended and
localized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129487 </DOCNO>
The Metallicity Distribution Function of Omega Centauri


  We explore the metallicity distribution function (MDF) of red giant stars in
Omega Centauri from a catalogue of Washington M, T_2 and DDO51 photometry
covering over 1.1 deg^2 outside the cluster core. Using updated calibrations of
giant branch isometallicity loci in this filter system, photometric
metallicities, guided by previously published spectroscopic abundances, are
derived. Several methods are employed to correct the MDF for contamination by
Galactic stars, including: (1) use of the surface gravity sensitivity of the
(M-DDO51) color index to eliminate foreground dwarf stars, (2) radial
velocities, and (3) membership probabilities from proper motions. The
contamination-corrected MDF for Omega Cen shows a range of enrichment levels
spanning nearly 2 dex in [Fe/H], and with peaks at [Fe/H]=-1.6, -1.2, and -0.9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75930 </DOCNO>
A Simple Model for the BFKL-DGLAP Transition in Deep Inelastic


  A simple model is presented, which interpolates between the DGLAP and BFKL
regimes in deep inelastic e-p scattering. The model is based on the CCFM and
LDC models, and it is simple enough to provide an intuitive picture of the
transition region between the two domains. Results are presented for both fixed
and running coupling; for fixed coupling the transition between the domains
occurs at a constant ratio between ln((k_T)^2) and ln(1/x), while for a running
coupling it occurs for constant ratio between ln(ln((k_T)^2)) and ln(1/x).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125654 </DOCNO>
Merger shocks in galaxy clusters A665 and A2163 and their relation to


  We present Chandra gas temperature maps for two hot, intermediate-redshift
clusters A665 and A2163. Both show strong temperature variations in their
central r=1 Mpc regions, naturally interpreted as product of the subcluster
mergers. The A665 map reveals a shock in front of the cool core, while the
temperature structure of A2163 is more complicated. On a larger linear scale,
our data on A2163 indicate a radial temperature decline in agreement with
earlier ASCA results, although the uncertainties are large. Both these clusters
exhibit previously known synchrotron radio halos. Comparison of the radio
images and the gas temperature maps indicates that radio emission predominantly
comes from the hot gas regions, providing a strong argument in favor of the
hypothesis that relativistic electrons are accelerated in merger shocks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98908 </DOCNO>
On solutions for the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili I equation


  Oscillatory integral techniques are used to study the well-posedness of the
KP-I equation for initial data that are small with respect to the norm of a
weighted Sobolev space involving derivatives of total order no larger than 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73968 </DOCNO>
Radion in Multibrane World


  The radion dynamics related to the presence of moving branes with both
positive or negative tensions is studied in the linearized approximation. The
radion effective Lagrangian is computed for a compact system with three branes
and in particular we examine the decompactification limit when one brane is
sent to infinity. In the non-compact case we calculate the coupling of the
gravitational modes (graviton, dilaton and radion) to matter on the branes. The
character of gravity on the two branes for all possible combinations of brane
tensions is also discussed. It turns out that one can have a normalizable
dilaton mode even in the non-compact case. Finally, we speculate on the role of
moving branes as a possible source of radion emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85802 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Evaporation and Compact Extra Dimensions


  We study the evaporation of black holes in space-times with extra dimensions
of size L. We first obtain a description which interpolates between the
expected behaviors of very large and very small black holes and then show that
the luminosity is greatly damped when the horizon shrinks towards L from a
larger value. Analogously, black holes born with an initial size smaller than L
are almost stable. This effect is due to the dependence of both the Hawking
temperature and the grey-body factor of a black hole on the dimensionality of
space. Although the picture of what happens when the horizon becomes of size L
is still incomplete, we argue that there occurs a (first order) phase
transition, possibly signaled by an outburst of energy which leaves a
quasi-stable remnant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86883 </DOCNO>
The causal structure of microlocalized Einstein metrics


  This is the second in a series of three papers in which we initiate the study
of very rough solutions to the initial value problem for the Einstein vacuum
equations expressed relative to wave coordinates. By very rough we mean
solutions which cannot be constructed by the classical techniques of energy
estimates and Sobolev inequalities. In this paper we develop the geometric
analysis of the Eikinal equation for microlocalized rough
 Einstein metrics. This is a crucial step in the derivation of the decay
estimates needed in our first paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83839 </DOCNO>
Signing Initiative Petitions Online: Possibilities, Problems and


  Many people expect the Internet to change American politics, most likely in
the direction of increasing direct citizen participation and forcing government
officials to respond more quickly to voter concerns. A recent California
initiative with these objectives would authorize use of encrypted digital
signatures over the Internet to qualify candidates, initiatives, and other
ballot measures. Proponents of Internet signature gathering say it will
significantly lower the cost of qualifying initiatives and thereby reduce the
influence of organized, well-financed interest groups. They also believe it
will increase both public participation in the political process and public
understanding about specific measures. However, opponents question whether
Internet security is adequate to prevent widespread abuse and argue that the
measure would create disadvantages for those who lack access to the Internet.
Beyond issues of security, cost, and access lie larger questions about the
effects of Internet signature gathering on direct democracy. Would it encourage
greater and more informed public participation in the political process? Or
would it flood voters with ballot measures and generally worsen current
problems with the initiative process itself? Because we lack good data on these
questions, answers to them today are largely conjectural. We can be fairly
sure, however, that Internet petition signing, like Internet voting, will have
unintended consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129003 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Masses of Young Star Clusters in NGC 4038/4039


  In order to estimate the masses of the compact, young star clusters in the
merging galaxy pair, NGC 4038/4039 (``the Antennae''), we have obtained medium
and high resolution spectroscopy using ISAAC on VLT-UT1 and UVES on VLT-UT2 of
five such clusters. The velocity dispersions were estimated using the stellar
absorption features of CO at 2.29 microns and metal absorption lines at around
8500 \AA, including lines of the Calcium Triplet. The size scales and light
profiles were measured from HST images. From these data and assuming Virial
equilibrium, we estimated the masses of five clusters. The resulting masses
range from 6.5 x 10^5 to 4.7 x 10^6 M_sun. These masses are large, factor of a
few to more than 10 larger than the typical mass of a globular cluster in the
Milky Way. The mass-to-light ratios for these clusters in the V- and K-bands in
comparison with stellar synthesis models suggest that to first order the IMF
slopes are approximately consistent with Salpeter for a mass range of 0.1 to
100 M_sun. However, the clusters show a significant range of possible IMF
slopes or lower mass cut-offs and that these variations may correlate with the
interstellar environment of the cluster. Comparison with the results of
Fokker-Planck simulations of compact clusters with properties similar to the
clusters studied here, suggest that they are likely to be long-lived and may
lose a substantial fraction of their total mass. This mass loss would make the
star clusters obtain masses which are comparable to the typical mass of a
globular cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95590 </DOCNO>
The Ricci tensor of an almost homogenous Kaehler manifold


  We determine an explicit expression for the Ricci tensor of a K-manifold,
that is of a compact Kaehler manifold M with vanishing first Betti number, on
which a semisimple group G of biholomorphic isometries acts with an orbit of
codimension one. We also prove that the Kaehler form and the Ricci form of M
are uniquely determined by two special curves with values in g = Lie(G), say Z,
Z': R \to g = Lie(G) and we show how the curve Z' is determined by the curve Z.
These results are used in another work with F. Podesta', where new examples of
non-homogeneous compact Kaehler-Einstein manifolds with positive first Chern
class are constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179619 </DOCNO>
Scaling in Relativistic Thomas-Fermi Approach for Nuclei


  By using the scaling method we derive the virial theorem for the relativistic
mean field model of nuclei treated in the Thomas-Fermi approach. The
Thomas-Fermi solutions statisfy the stability condition against scaling. We
apply the formalism to study the excitation energy of the breathing mode in
finite nuclei with several relativistic parameter sets of common use.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127052 </DOCNO>
The Shape of Spectral Breaks in GRB Afterglows


  Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows are well described by synchrotron emission
from relativistic blast waves expanding into an external medium. The blast wave
is believed to amplify the magnetic field and accelerate the electrons into a
power law distribution of energies promptly behind the shock. These electrons
then cool both adiabatically and by emitting synchrotron and inverse Compton
radiation. The resulting spectra is known to consist several power law
segments, which smoothly join at certain break frequencies. Here, we give a
complete description of all possible spectra under those assumptions, and find
that there are 5 possible regimes, depending on the ordering of the break
frequencies. The flux density is calculated by integrating over the
contributions from all the shocked region, using the Blandford McKee solution.
This allows us to calculate more accurate expressions for the value of these
break frequencies, and describe the shape of the spectral breaks around them.
This also provides the shape of breaks in the light curves caused by the
passage of a break frequency through the observed band. These new, more exact,
estimates are different from more simple calculations by up to a factor of
about 70, and describe some new regimes which where previously ignored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3575 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition in the Random Anisotropy Model


  The influence of a local anisotropy of random orientation on a ferromagnetic
phase transition is studied for two cases of anisotropy axis distribution. To
this end a model of a random anisotropy magnet is analyzed by means of the
field theoretical renormalization group approach in two loop approximation
refined by a resummation of the asymptotic series. The one-loop result of
Aharony indicating the absence of a second-order phase transition for an
isotropic distribution of random anisotropy axis at space dimension $d<4$ is
corroborated. For a cubic distribution the accessible stable fixed point leads
to disordered Ising-like critical exponents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97313 </DOCNO>
Local Zeta Function for Curves, Non Degeneracy Conditions and Newton


  This paper is dedicated to the description of the poles of the Igusa local
zeta functions $Z(s,f,v)$ when $f(x,y)$ satisfies a new non degeneracy
condition, that we have called arithmetic non degeneracy. More precisely, we
attach to each polynomial $f(x,y)$, a collection of convex sets $\Gamma ^{A}$
called the arithmetic Newton polygon of $f(x,y)$, and introduce the notion of
arithmetic non degeneracy with respect to $\Gamma ^{A}(f)$. The set of
degenerate polynomials, with respect to a fixed geometric Newton polygon,
contains an open subset, for the Zariski topology, formed by non degenerate
polynomials with respect to some arithmetic Newton polygon.If $L$ is a number
field, our main result asserts that for almost all non-archimedean valuations
$v$ of $L$, the poles of $Z(s,f,v),$ with $f(x,y)\in L[x,y]$, can be described
explicitly in terms of the equations of the straight segments that conform the
boundaries of the convex sets that belong to $\Gamma ^{A}(f)$. Moreover, our
proof gives an effective procedure to compute $Z(s,f,v)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1024 </DOCNO>
Local field distribution near corrugated interfaces: Green's function


  We have developed a Green's function formalism to compute the local field
distribution near an interface separating two media of different dielectric
constants. The Maxwell's equations are converted into a surface integral
equation; thus it greatly simplifies the solutions and yields accurate results
for interfaces of arbitrary shape. The integral equation is solved and the
local field distribution is obtained for a periodic interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6446 </DOCNO>
Detailed Structure of the Magnetic Excitation Spectra of YBa2Cu3Oy and


  Detailed structure of the magnetic excitation spectra x"(q,w) of the
superconducting oxide YBa2Cu3O6.5(the transition temperature Tc ~ 52 K) in the
wave vector (q)- and the energy(w)-space, and its temperature (T) dependence
have been studied. By adopting an effective energy dispersion of the quasi
particles which can reproduce the shape of the Fermi surface and by introducing
the exchange interaction between the Cu spins, a rather satisfactory agreement
between the calculation and the experimentally observed data can be obtained.
In the study, it has been found that the effects of the quasi particle- energy
broadening on the excitation spectra x"(q,w) is important. The sharp resonance
peak observed at w ~ 40 meV for the optimally doped system of YBa2Cu3Oy can be
naturally reproduced by the present model

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129720 </DOCNO>
Djehuty: A Code for Modeling Whole Stars in Three Dimensions


  The DJEHUTY project is an intensive effort at the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL) to produce a general purpose 3-D stellar structure and
evolution code to study dynamic processes in whole stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179318 </DOCNO>
Multiphase transport model for heavy ion collisions at RHIC


  Using a multiphase transport model (AMPT) with both partonic and hadronic
interactions, we study the multiplicity and transverse momentum distributions
of charged particles such as pions, kaons and protons in central Au+Au
collisions at RHIC energies. Effects due to nuclear shadowing and jet quenching
on these observables are also studied. We further show preliminary results on
the production of multistrange baryons from the strangeness-exchange reactions
during the hadronic stage of heavy ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179620 </DOCNO>
Scaling Calculation of Isoscalar Giant Resonances in Relativistic


  We derive analytical expressions for the excitation energy of the isoscalar
giant monopole and quadrupole resonances in finite nuclei, by using the scaling
method and the extended Thomas-Fermi approach to relativistic mean field
theory. We study the ability of several non-linear sigma-omega parameter sets
of common use in reproducing the experimental data. For monopole oscillations
the calculations agree better with experiment when the nuclear matter
incompressibility of the relativistic interaction lies in the range 220-260
MeV. The breathing-mode energies of the scaling method compare satisfactorily
with those obtained in relativistic RPA and time-dependent mean field
calculations. For quadrupole oscillations all the analyzed non-linear parameter
sets reproduce the empirical trends reasonably well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3841 </DOCNO>
Commensurability effects in Andreev antidot billiards


  An Andreev billiard was realized in an array of niobium filled antidots in a
high-mobility InAs/AlGaSb heterostructure. Below the critical temperature T_C
of the Nb dots we observe a strong reduction of the resistance around B=0 and a
suppression of the commensurability peaks, which are usually found in antidot
lattices. Both effects can be explained in a classical Kubo approach by
considering the trajectories of charge carriers in the semiconductor, when
Andreev reflection at the semiconductor-superconductor interface is included.
For perfect Andreev reflection, we expect a complete suppression of the
commensurability features, even though motion at finite B is chaotic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3365 </DOCNO>
Instability of scale-free networks under node-breaking avalanches


  The instability introduced in a large scale-free network by the triggering of
node-breaking avalanches is analyzed using the fiber-bundle model as conceptual
framework. We found, by measuring the size of the giant component, the
avalanche size distribution and other quantities, the existence of an abrupt
transition. This test of strength for complex networks like Internet is more
stringent than others recently considered like the random removal of nodes,
analyzed within the framework of percolation theory. Finally, we discuss the
possible implications of our results and their relevance in forecasting
cascading failures in scale-free networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5911 </DOCNO>
Exact solution at integrable coupling of a model for the Josephson


  A model is introduced for two reduced BCS systems which are coupled through
the transfer of Cooper pairs between the systems. The model may thus be used in
the analysis of the Josephson effect arising from pair tunneling between two
strongly coupled small metallic grains. At a particular coupling strength the
model is integrable and explicit results are derived for the energy spectrum,
conserved operators, integrals of motion, and wave function scalar products. It
is also shown that form factors can be obtained for the calculation of
correlation functions. Further, a connection with perturbed conformal field
theory is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148875 </DOCNO>
Construction of a non-standard quantum field theory through a


  We construct a Heisenberg-like algebra for the one dimensional quantum free
Klein-Gordon equation defined on the interval of the real line of length $L$.
Using the realization of the ladder operators of this type Heisenberg algebra
in terms of physical operators we build a 3+1 dimensional free quantum field
theory based on this algebra. We introduce fields written in terms of the
ladder operators of this type Heisenberg algebra and a free quantum Hamiltonian
in terms of these fields. The mass spectrum of the physical excitations of this
quantum field theory are given by $\sqrt{n^2 \pi^2/L^2+m_q^2}$, where $n=
1,2,...$ denotes the level of the particle with mass $m_q$ in an infinite
square-well potential of width $L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126166 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Globular Clusters Formed in Mergers


  Globular clusters formed in galactic mergers (e.g., The Antennae) can now be
studied at different stages of their evolution. In young merger remnants (e.g.,
NGC 7252) these "second-generation" globulars appear by the hundreds as young
halo clusters of roughly solar metallicity. While at first bluer and much more
luminous than old metal-poor globulars, they become redder after 1 - 1.5 Gyr
and can then be observed as still overluminous red clusters of intermediate age
in perturbed-looking E and S0 galaxies (e.g., NGC 1316, NGC 1700, and NGC
3610). There is evidence from the color distributions, projected radial
distributions, and perhaps also luminosity functions that these clusters
eventually assume the properties of red metal-rich globulars observed in many
giant ellipticals. Studies of globular clusters in ongoing mergers and young
remnants suggest that second-generation globulars form from giant molecular
clouds shocked by the rapid pressure increase in the merger-induced starburst.
This pressure-induced formation lends credence to Cen's (2001) argument that
the general pressure increase during cosmological reionization at z ~= 7 - 15
triggered the near-simultaneous formation of the universal population of
first-generation metal-poor globulars observed in galaxies of all types.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128529 </DOCNO>
Galactic Foregrounds in OVRO and UCSB South Pole 1994 Cosmic Microwave


  We study Galactic emission foreground contamination of the OVRO and UCSB
South Pole 1994 cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy data by
cross-correlating with templates of infrared dust emission and new high
resolution $H_{\alpha}$ data. $H_{\alpha}$ data provide rough upper limits on
the level of free-free emission in the data sets. The cross-correlation
analysis does not contradict a two component foreground emission hypothesis,
with the two dust-correlated components being free-free emission and spinning
dust emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1085 </DOCNO>
Correlations in Many-Body Systems with Two-time Green's Functions


  The Kadanoff-Baym (KB) equations are solved numerically for infinite nuclear
matter. In particular we calculate correlation energies and correlation times.
Approximating the Green's functions in the KB collision kernel by the free
Green's functions the Levinson equation is obtained. This approximation is
valid for weak interactions and/or low densities. It relates to the extended
quasi-classical approximation for the spectral function. Comparing the
Levinson, Born and KB calculations allows for an estimate of higher order
spectral corrections to the correlations. A decrease in binding energy is
reported due to spectral correlations and off-shell parts in the reduced
density matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76727 </DOCNO>
Analytical calculation of matter effects in two mass-scale neutrino


  We consider three active flavor neutrino oscillations where both the
mass-square differences play a role in atmospheric neutrino problem. We
calculate the matter effects arising due to propagation through earth. We
demonstrate that these effects improve the fit to the electron data vis-a-vis
vacuum oscillations but make the fit to the muon data far worse, thus worsening
the overall fit. The results of our analytical calculation verify the numerical
investigations of this scheme presented earlier by Fogli et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75822 </DOCNO>
Pionic dressing of baryons in chiral quark models


  We present a method for constructing the complete set of meson-exchange
corrections to baryon observables described by covariant chiral quark models.
The meson corrections are expressed in terms of an unperturbed valence-quark
Green's function. This method is illustrated for the case of an NJL model. It
also enables us to discuss, in terms of approximations used for this
unperturbed Green's function, the treatments of meson corrections in two other
chiral quark models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95624 </DOCNO>
Holomorphic disks and topological invariants for rational homology


  The aim of this article is to introduce and study certain topological
invariants for oriented, rational homology three-spheres Y. These groups are
relatively Z-graded Abelian groups associated to SpinC structures over Y. Given
a genus g Heegaard splitting of Y, these theories are variants of the
Lagrangian Floer homology for the g-fold symmetric product of the surface
relative to certain totally real subspaces associated to the handlebodies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98 </DOCNO>
Optical properties of self-assembled quantum wires for application in


  The theoretical studies of optical properties of Ga$_{1-x}$In$_x$As
self-assembled quantum-wires (QWR's) made of short-period superlattices with
strain-induced lateral ordering are presented. Valence-band anisotropy, band
mixing, and effects due to local strain distribution at the atomistic level are
all taken into account. Using realistic material parameters which are
experimentally feasible, we perform simulations of the absorption spectra for
both inter-subband and inter-band transitions (including the excitonic effect)
of this material.It is shown that the self-assembled QWR's have favorable
optical properties for application in infra-red detection with normal
incidence. The wavelength of detection ranges from 10 $\mu m$ to 20 $\mu m$
with the length of QWR period varying from 140\AA to 300\AA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81222 </DOCNO>
A lattice study of the Faddeev-Niemi effective action


  We perform a lattice analysis of the Faddeev-Niemi effective action
conjectured to describe the low energy sector of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. We
generalize the effective action such that it contains all operators built from
a unit color vector field n with O(3)-symmetry and maximally four derivatives.
To avoid the presence of Goldstone bosons, we include explicit symmetry
breaking terms parametrized by an external field h of mass-dimension two. We
find a mass gap of the order of 1.5 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168095 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics and consciousness: fact and fiction


  This article was written in response to a request from an editor of American
Vedantist. It is shown that the idea that consciousness is essential to
understanding quantum mechanics arises from logical fallacies. This may be
welcome news to those who share the author's annoyance at consciousness being
dragged into discussions of physics, but beware: The same fallacies may
underlie the reader's own way of making sense of quantum mechanics. The article
ends up embracing a Vedantic world view, for two reasons. For one, such a world
view seems to the author to be the most sensible alternative to a materialistic
one. For another, quantum mechanics is inconsistent with a materialistic world
view but makes perfect sense within a Vedantic framework of thought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96151 </DOCNO>
The Valuative Theory of Foliations


  We describe the valuations following infinitely near singular points of a
(singular) holomorphic foliation in the complex plane. They appear to be those
satisfying a generalization of L'Hopital's rule. With them, we characterize
dicritical vector fields, generic simple singularities, the existence of non-
convergent solutions, etc. The construction is generalizable to dimension n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75857 </DOCNO>
Two-photon mediated resonance production in e+e- collisions: cross


  Earlier described model amplitudes are used in this paper to evaluate both
cross sections and density matrices for two-photon mediated resonance
production in e^+e^- collisions. All 25 q\bar{q} low-lying ^1S_0, ^3P_J and
^1D_2 resonances can thus be treated. Two independent methods are described to
obtain the resonance production density matrices and cross sections. These
density matrices combined with a resonance decay density matrix give the
detailed angular distributions of the resonance decay products. For two
particular decays, \chi_{c2},\chi_{c1}\to\gamma J/\psi the details are given.
Several numerical results are presented as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126681 </DOCNO>
Associated absorption and radio source growth


  Results are presented from a survey for CIV associated absorption in a
complete low-frequency-selected sample of quasars. In agreement with previous
work, associated absorbers are most common in steep-spectrum and lobe-dominated
quasars, indicative of an anisotropic cloud distribution. Furthermore, we find
the strongest CIV absorption occurs in sources of small radio size, suggesting
that the absorbing clouds are destroyed or displaced as radio sources expand.
Evidence for dust in the clouds is also found, such that quasars with strong
absorption are systematically redder. Finally, we find no evidence for
evolution in the frequency or properties of the absorbers from z~0.7 to z~3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75790 </DOCNO>
Exclusive and Semi-inclusive B Decays in QCD Factorization


  Applications of QCD factorization to $B\to\phi K$, charmless $B\to VV$, $B\to
J/\psi K(K^*)$ and semi-inclusive decays $B\to MX$ are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113649 </DOCNO>
Conditions for Soliton-Like Wave Propagation in Pockels and


  We study the conditions for soliton-like wave propagation in the
Photorefractive (PR) and electro-optic (i.e., Pockels) material, by using
Nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation. The complete NLS equation is solved
analytically and numerically by transforming it into the phase space. Our
results clearly show the existence of both the dark and bright solitary
solutions for the PR medium. Interestingly, however, we find only one bright
solitary solution in the Pockels case and there is no evidence of any dark
solitary solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129283 </DOCNO>
Using Cepheids to determine the galactic abundance gradient I. The solar


  A number of studies of abundance gradients in the galactic disk have been
performed in recent years. The results obtained are rather disparate: from no
detectable gradient to a rather significant slope of about -0.1 dex kpc -1. The
present study concerns the abundance gradient based on the spectroscopic
analysis of a sample of classical Cepheids. These stars enable one to obtain
reliable abundances of a variety of chemical elements. Additionally, they have
well determined distances which allow an accurate determination of abundance
distributions in the galactic disc. Using 236 high resolution spectra of 77
galactic Cepheids, the radial elemental distribution in the galactic disc
between galactocentric distances in the range 6-11 kpc has been investigated.
Gradients for 25 chemical elements (from carbon to gadolinium) are derived...

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113548 </DOCNO>
Darwinism in quantum systems?


  We investigate the role of quantum mechanical effects in the central
stability concept of evolutionary game theory i.e. an Evolutionarily Stable
Strategy (ESS). Using two and three-player symmetric quantum games we show how
the presence of quantum phenomenon of entanglement can be crucial to decide the
course of evolutionary dynamics in a population of interacting individuals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3702 </DOCNO>
Firewalls, Disorder, and Percolation in Epidemics


  We consider a spatial model related to bond percolation for the spread of a
disease that includes variation in the susceptibility to infection. We work on
a lattice with random bond strengths and show that with strong disorder, i.e. a
wide range of variation of susceptibility, patchiness in the spread of the
epidemic is very likely, and the criterion for epidemic outbreak depends
strongly on the disorder. These results are qualitatively different from those
of standard models in epidemiology, but correspond to real effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6506 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Ordering, Orbital Ordering and Resonant X-ray Scattering in


  The effective Hamiltonian for perovskite titanates is derived by taking into
account the three-fold degeneracy of $t_{2g}$ orbitals and the strong
electron-electron interactions. The magnetic and orbital ordered phases are
studied in the mean-field approximation applied to the effective Hamiltonian. A
large degeneracy of the orbital states in the ferromagnetic phase is found in
contrast to the case of the doubly degenerate $e_g$ orbitals. Lifting of this
orbital degeneracy due to lattice distortions and spin-orbit coupling is
examined. A general form for the scattering cross section of the resonant x-ray
scattering is derived and is applied to the recent experimental results in
YTiO$_3$. The spin wave dispersion relation in the orbital ordered YTiO$_3$ is
also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149539 </DOCNO>
Some interesting violations of the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound


  We demonstrate that AdS_5 x T^{pq} is unstable, in the sense of Breitenlohner
and Freedman, for unequal p and q. This settles, negatively, the long-standing
question of whether the T^{pq} manifolds might correspond to non-supersymmetric
fixed points of the renormalization group. We also show that the AdS_3 x S^7
vacuum of Sugimoto's USp(32) open string theory is unstable. This explains, at
a heuristic level, the apparent absence of a heterotic string dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83746 </DOCNO>
The Logic Programming Paradigm and Prolog


  This is a tutorial on logic programming and Prolog appropriate for a course
on programming languages for students familiar with imperative programming.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86732 </DOCNO>
Quantization of minisuperspaces as ordinary gauge systems


  Simple cosmological models are used to show that gravitation can be quantized
as an ordinary gauge system if the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the model under
consideration is separable. In this situation, a canonical transformation can
be performed such that in terms of the new variables the model has a linear and
homogeneous constraint, and therefore canonical gauges are admissible in the
path integral. This has the additional practical advantage that gauge
conditions that do not generate Gribov copies are then easy to choose.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1743 </DOCNO>
Explosive Decomposition in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collision


  Recent results from Au+Au collisions at BNL-RHIC energy hint at explosive
hadron production at the QCD transition rather than soft hydrodynamic
evolution. We speculate that this is due to a rapid variation of the effective
potential for QCD close to Tc. Performing real-time lattice simulations of an
effective theory we show that the fast evolution of the potential leads to
``explosive'' spinodal decomposition rather than bubble nucleation or critical
slowing down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129718 </DOCNO>
A wide field survey of the distant rich cluster CL0024+1654


  We describe the first results from a comprehensive study of the distant
cluster Cl0024+1654 (z=0.39) based upon a pattern of 38 mosaiced HST-WFPC2
images extending to radii ~5Mpc. These are being analysed in conjunction with
extensive spectroscopy conducted with the CFHT, WHT, and Keck Telescopes. The
overall goal is to understand the morphological transformations and associated
short-term star formation histories of representative numbers of infalling
field galaxies in the context of the cluster potential as defined by weak
lensing studies. Our HST database contains over 2000 galaxy morphologies to
I=22.5. Spectroscopic data and HST morphologies are currently available for
about 215 members over an unprecedented range of environments. We confirm the
existence of a well-defined morphology-density relation over a large dynamic
range within a single system at a significant look-back time. Tentative trends
in the E/S0 fraction as a function of radius are discussed. A weak lensing
signal in the background galaxies has been detected at the cluster periphery
and its inversion demonstrates only marginal substructure. A
statistically-significant galaxy-galaxy lensing signal has also been seen for
the cluster members. Further work will relate radial dependencies in the dark
matter and halo masses in the context of spectroscopic and morphological
diagnostics of truncated star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6485 </DOCNO>
The key role of smooth impurity potential in formation of hole spectrum


  We have measured the temperature (0.1 <= T <= 15 K) and magnetic field (0 <=
B <= 12 T) dependences of longitudinal and Hall resistivities for the
p-Ge_0.93Si_0.07/Ge multilayers with different Ge layer widths 10 <= d_w <= 38
nm and hole densities p_s = (1-5)10^11 cm^-2. Two models for the long-range
random impurity potential (the model with randomly distributed charged centers
located outside the conducting layer and the model of the system with a spacer)
are used for evaluation of the impurity potential fluctuation characteristics:
the random potential amplitude, nonlinear screening length in vicinity of
integer filling factors nu = 1 and nu = 2 and the background density of state
(DOS). The described models are suitable for explanation of the unusually high
value of DOS at nu = 1 and nu = 2, in contrast to the short-range impurity
potential models. For half-integer filling factors the linear temperature
dependence of the effective QHE plateau-to-plateau transition width nu_0(T) is
observed in contrast to scaling behavior for systems with short-range disorder.
The finite T -> 0 width of QHE transitions may be due to an effective low
temperature screening of smooth random potential owing to Coulomb repulsion of
electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174861 </DOCNO>
Coherent Photon-Pomeron and Photon-Photon Interactions in


  Ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions involve long range electromagnetic
interactions at impact parameters larger than twice the nuclear radius, where
no nucleon-nucleon collisions occur. The first observation of coherent rho^0
production with and without accompanying nuclear breakup, AuAu->Au*Au*rho^0 and
AuAu->Au Au rho^0 respectively, and the observation of e+e- pair production
AuAu->Au*Au*e+e- are presented by the STAR collaboration. The transverse
momentum spectra are peaked at low pT, showing the coherent coupling to the
nuclei. A clear rho^0 signal is observed in the two pion invariant mass
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96869 </DOCNO>
Convergence versus integrability in Poincare-Dulac normal form


  We show that, to find a Poincare-Dulac normalization for a vector field is
the same as to find and linearize a torus action which preserves the vector
field. Using this toric characterization and other geometrical arguments, we
prove that any local analytic vector field which is integrable in the
non-Hamiltonian sense admits a local convergent Poincare-Dulac normalization.
These results generalize the main results of our previous paper from the
Hamiltonian case to the non-Hamiltonian case. Similar results are presented for
the case of isochore vector fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74241 </DOCNO>
On a three-body confinement force in hadron spectroscopy


  Recently it has been argued that a three-body colour confinement interaction
can affect the stability condition of a three-quark system and the spectrum of
a tetraquark described by any constituent quark model. Here we discuss the role
of a three-body colour confinement interaction in a simple quark model and
present some of its implications for the spectra of baryons, tetraquarks and
six-quark systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129703 </DOCNO>
High precision cosmology


  I review the current status of cosmology as emerging from recent observations
of cosmic microwave background anisotropies as well as from other sources of
cosmological information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4494 </DOCNO>
A lattice Boltzmann study of reactive microflows


  The role of geometrical micro-barriers on the conversion efficiency of
reactive flows in narrow three-dimensional channels of millimetric size is
investigated. Using a Lattice-Boltzmann-Lax-Wendroff code, we show that
micro-barriers have an appreciable effect on the effective reaction efficiency
of the device. If extrapolated to macroscopic scales, these effects can result
in a sizeable increase of the overall reaction efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113795 </DOCNO>
Hyperspherical Adiabatic Formalism of the Boltzmann Third Virial


  First, we show that, if there are no bound states, we can express the q.m.
third cluster - involving 3 and fewer particles in Statistical Mechanics - as a
formula involving adiabatic eigenphase shifts. This is for Boltzmann
statistics.
  From this q.m. formulation, in the case of purely repulsive forces, we
recover, as h goes to 0, the classical expressions for the cluster.
  We then discuss difficulties which arise in the presence of 2-body bound
states and present a tentative formula involving eigenphase shifts and the 2
and 3 body bound state energies. We emphasize that important difficulties have
not been resolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124013 </DOCNO>
The VIMOS Mask Preparation Software


  The main scientific characteristic of VIMOS (VIsible Multi Object
Spectrograph, to be placed on ESO Very Large Telescope) is its high
multiplexing capability, allowing astronomers to obtain up to 800 spectra per
exposure. To fully exploit such a potential a dedicated tool, the VIMOS Mask
Preparation Software (MPS), has been designed. The MPS provides the astronomer
with tools for the selection of the objects to be spectroscopically observed,
including interactive object selection, handling of curved slits, and an
algorithm for automatic slit positioning that derives the most effective
solution in terms of number of object selected per field. The slit positioning
algorithm must take into account both the initial list of user's preferred
objects, and the constraints imposed either by the instrument characteristics
or by the requirement of having easily reduceable data. The number of possible
slit combinations in a field is in any case very high (10^73), and the task of
slits maximization cannot be solved through a purely combinational approach. We
have introduced an innovative approach, based on the analysis of the function
(Number of slits)/(slit length) vs. (slit length). The algorithm has been fully
tested with good results, and it will be distributed to the astronomical
community for the observation preparation phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179334 </DOCNO>
Antibaryon production in hot and dense nuclear matter


  The production of antibaryons is calculated in a microscopic transport
approach employing multiple meson fusion reactions according to detailed
balance relations with respect to baryon-antibaryon annihilation. It is found
that the abundancies of antiprotons as observed from peripheral to central
collisions of $Pb + Pb$ at the SPS and $Au + Au$ at the AGS can approximately
be described on the basis of multiple interactions of 'formed' hadronic states
which drive the system to chemical equilibrium by flavor exchange or quark
rearrangement reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74647 </DOCNO>
Twist-4 photon helicity-flip amplitude in DVCS on a nucleon in the


  We computed twist-4 part of the photon spin-flip amplitude in deeply virtual
Compton scattering on a nucleon in the Wandzura-Wilczek approximation. We found
a factorizable contribution, which arises from photon scattering on quarks with
non-zero angular momentum along the collision axis. As the genuine twist-2
amplitude arises at the NLO, for moderate virtualities of the hard photon, $Q^2
\le 10$ GeV$^2$, kinematical twist-4 correction can give numerically important
contribution to the photon helicity-flip amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87258 </DOCNO>
Cosmological term as a source of mass


  In the spherically symmetric case the dominant energy condition together with
the requirements of regularity at the center, asymptotic flatness and
fineteness of the ADM mass, defines the family of asymptotically flat globally
regular solutions to the Einstein minimally coupled equations which includes
the class of metrics asymptotically de Sitter at approaching the regular
center. The source term corresponds to an r-dependent cosmological term given
by the second rank symmetric tensor invariant under boosts in the radial
direction and evolving from de Sitter vacuum in the origin to Minkowski vacuum
at infinity. Space-time symmetry changes smoothly from the de Sitter group at
the center to the Lorentz group at infinity through the radial boosts in
between. The standard formula for the ADM mass relates it to the de Sitter
vacuum replacing a central singularity at the scale of symmetry restoration.
For masses exceeding a certain critical value m_{crit} de Sitter-Schwarzschild
geometry describes a vacuum nonsingular black hole, while beyond m_{crit} it
describes a G-lump which is a vacuum selfgravitating particlelike structure
without horizons. Quantum energy spectrum of G-lump is shifted down by the
binding energy, and zero-point vacuum mode is fixed at the value corresponding
to the Hawking temperature from the de Sitter horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1243 </DOCNO>
Crossover from Quarter-Filling to Half-Filling in a One-Dimensional


  The interplay between quarter-filled and half-filled umklapp scattering has
been examined by applying the renormalization group method to a one-dimensional
quarter-filled electron system with dimerization, on-site (U) and
nearest-neighbor (V) repulsive interactions. The phase diagram on the U-V plane
is obtained at absolute zero temperature where the Mott insulator (the charge
ordered insulator) is found for smaller (larger) V. By choosing the moderate
parameter in the region of Mott insulator, it is shown that the resistivity
exhibits a crossover from behavior of quarter-filling to that of half-filling
with decreasing temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3613 </DOCNO>
Irrelevant operators in the two-dimensional Ising model


  By using conformal-field theory, we classify the possible irrelevant
operators for the Ising model on the square and triangular lattices. We analyze
the existing results for the free energy and its derivatives and for the
correlation length, showing that they are in agreement with the conformal-field
theory predictions. Moreover, these results imply that the nonlinear scaling
field of the energy-momentum tensor vanishes at the critical point. Several
other peculiar cancellations are explained in terms of a number of general
conjectures. We show that all existing results on the square and triangular
lattice are consistent with the assumption that only nonzero spin operators are
present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98173 </DOCNO>
Imbeddings of free actions on handlebodies


  Fix a free, orientation-preserving action of a finite group G on a
3-dimensional handlebody V. Whenever G acts freely preserving orientation on a
connected 3-manifold X, there is a G-equivariant imbedding of V into X. There
are choices of X closed and Seifert-fibered for which the image of V is a
handlebody of a Heegaard splitting of X. Provided that the genus of V is at
least 2, there are similar choices with X closed and hyperbolic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7043 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Frictionless and Frictional Sphere Packings


  We study static packings of frictionless and frictional spheres in three
dimensions, obtained via molecular dynamics simulations, in which we vary
particle hardness, friction coefficient, and coefficient of restitution.
Although frictionless packings of hard-spheres are always isostatic (with six
contacts) regardless of construction history and restitution coefficient,
frictional packings achieve a multitude of hyperstatic packings that depend on
system parameters and construction history. Instead of immediately dropping to
four, the coordination number reduces smoothly from $z=6$ as the friction
coefficient $\mu$ between two particles is increased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149587 </DOCNO>
World-Sheet String Duality and the Hidden Supersymmetry


  It is reviewed how space-time supersymmetry is realized nonlinearly in open
superstring theory without making the GSO projection. We show that the
world-sheet string dualities, viz. dualities of open-closed strings and of
open-open strings, play crucial roles for the existence of 10 dimensional N=2
supersymmetry in a spontaneously broken phase. We also speculate on a possible
mechanism of the restoration of supersymmetry from the viewpoint of world-sheet
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128063 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics of Magnetars: Implications for the Persistent X-ray


  (ABBREVIATED) We consider the structure of neutron star magnetospheres
threaded by large-scale electrical currents, and the effect of resonant Compton
scattering by the charge carriers (both electrons and ions) on the emergent
X-ray spectra and pulse profiles. In the magnetar model for the SGRs and AXPs,
these currents are maintained by magnetic stresses acting deep inside the star.
We construct self-similar, force-free equilibria of the current-carrying
magnetosphere with a power-law dependence of magnetic field on radius, B ~
r^(-2-p), and show that a large-scale twist softens the radial dependence to p
< 1. The spindown torque acting on the star is thereby increased in comparison
with a vacuum dipole. We comment on the strength of the surface magnetic field
in the SGR and AXP sources, and the implications of this model for the narrow
measured distribution of spin periods. A magnetosphere with a strong twist,
B_\phi/B_\theta = O(1) at the equator, has an optical depth ~ 1 to resonant
cyclotron scattering, independent of frequency (radius), surface magnetic field
strength, or charge/mass ratio of the scattering charge. When electrons and
ions supply the current, the stellar surface is also heated by the impacting
charges at a rate comparable to the observed X-ray output of the SGR and AXP
sources, if B_{dipole} ~ 10^{14} G. Redistribution of the emerging X-ray flux
at the ion and electron cyclotron resonances will significantly modify the
emerging pulse profile and, through the Doppler effect, generate a non-thermal
tail to the X-ray spectrum. The sudden change in the pulse profile of SGR
1900+14 after the 27 August 1998 giant flare is related to an enhanced optical
depth to electron cyclotron scattering, resulting from a sudden twist imparted
to the external magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7407 </DOCNO>
Role of disorder in half-filled high Landau levels


  We study the effects of disorder on the quantum Hall stripe phases in
half-filled high Landau levels using exact numerical diagonalization. We show
that, in the presence of weak disorder, a compressible, striped charge density
wave, becomes the true ground state. The projected electron density profile
resembles that of a smectic liquid. With increasing disorder strength W, we
find that there exists a critical value, W_c \sim 0.12 e^2/\epsilon l, where a
transition/crossover to an isotropic phase with strong local electron density
fluctuations takes place. The many-body density of states are qualitatively
distinguishable in these two phases and help elucidate the nature of the
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124310 </DOCNO>
How to distinguish a nearly flat Universe from a flat Universe using the


  Several recent observations using standard rulers and standard candles now
suggest, either individually or in combination, that the Universe is close to
flat, i.e. that the curvature radius is about as large as the horizon radius
(\sim 10h^{-1}Gpc) or larger. Here, a method of distinguishing an almost flat
universe from a precisely flat universe using a single observational data set,
without using any microwave background information, is presented. The method
(i) assumes that a standard ruler should have no preferred orientation (radial
versus tangential) to the observer, and (ii) requires that the (comoving)
length of the standard ruler be known independently (e.g. from low redshift
estimates). The claimed feature at fixed {\em comoving} length in the power
spectrum of density perturbations, detected among quasars, Lyman break galaxies
or other high redshift objects, would provide an adequate standard candle to
prove that the Universe is curved, if indeed it is curved. For example, a
combined intrinsic and measurement uncertainty of 1% in the length of the
standard ruler $\llss$ applied at a redshift of $z=3$ would distinguish an
hyperbolic $(\Omega_m=0.2,\Omega_\Lambda=0.7)$ or a spherical
$(\Omega_m=0.4,\Omega_\Lambda=0.7)$ universe from a flat one to 1-P > 95%
confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73667 </DOCNO>
Charged Higgs boson in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model


  The phenomenology of the explicit CP violation in the Higgs sector of the
next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) is investigated, with
emphasis on the charged Higgs boson. The radiative corrections due to both
quarks and scalar-quarks of the third generation are taken into account, and
the negative result of the search for the Higgs bosons at CERN LEP2, with the
discovery limit of 0.1 pb, is imposed as a constraint. It is found that there
are parameter regions of the NMSSM where the lightest neutral Higgs boson may
even be massless, without being detected at LEP2. This implies that the LEP2
data do not contradict the existence of a massless neutral Higgs boson in the
NMSSM. For the charged Higgs boson, the radiative corrections to its mass may
be negative in some parameter regions of the NMSSM. The phenomenological lower
bound on the radiatively corrected mass of the charged Higgs boson is increased
as the CP violation becomes maximal, i.e., as the CP violating phase becomes
$\pi/2$. At the maximal CP violation, its lower bound is about 110 GeV for 5
$\leqslant \tan \beta \leqslant$ 40. The vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the
neutral Higgs singlet is shown to be no smaller than 16 GeV for any parameter
values of the NMSSM with explicit CP violation. This value of the lower limit
is found to increase up to about 45 GeV as the ratio ($\tan \beta$) of the VEVs
of the two Higgs doublets decreases to smaller values ($\sim$ 2). The discovery
limit of the Higgs boson search at LEP2 is found to cover about a half of the
kinematically allowed part of the whole parameter space of the NMSSM, and the
portion is roughly stable against the CP violating phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95776 </DOCNO>
Fast graphs for the random walker


  Consider the time T_oz when the random walk on a weighted graph started at
the vertex o first hits the vertex set z. We present lower bounds for T_oz in
terms of the volume of z and the graph distance between o and z. The bounds are
for expected value and large deviations, and are asymptotically sharp. We
deduce rate of escape results for random walks on infinite graphs of
exponential or polynomial growth, and resolve a conjecture of Benjamini and
Peres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41809 </DOCNO>
Measurements of CP Violation, Mixing and Lifetimes of B Mesons with the


  We report the observation of CP violation in the $B^0$ meson system. Using a
novel technique for time-dependent measurements, we measure a non-zero value
for the CP-violating amplitude $\sin 2\beta$ at the 4.1 $\sigma$ level. We also
report on precision measurements of the $B^+$ and $B^0$ lifetimes and the
$B^0\bar{B}^0$ mixing frequency $\Delta m_d$ obtained with the same technique
and on a first measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating amplitude in
$B^0\to \pi^+\pi^-$ decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96046 </DOCNO>
Hecke-Clifford superalgebras, crystals of type A_{2l}^{(2)} and modular


  Ian Grojnowski has developed a purely algebraic way to connect the
representation theory of affine Hecke algebras at an (l+1)-th root of unity to
the highest weight theory of the affine Kac-Moody algebra of type A_l^(1). The
present article is devoted to extending Grojnowski's machinery to the twisted
case: we replace the affine Hecke algebras with the affine Hecke-Clifford
superalgebras of Jones and Nazarov, and the Kac-Moody algebra A_l^(1) with the
twisted algebra A_2l^(2). In particular, we obtain an algebraic construction
purely in terms of the representation theory of Hecke-Clifford superalgebras of
the plus part U_\Z^+ of the enveloping algebra, as well as of Kashiwara's
highest weight crystals B(\infty) and B(\la) for each dominant weight \la.
  The results of the article have applications to the modular representation
theory of the double covers of the symmeric groups, as was predicted originally
by Leclerc and Thibon. In particular, the parametrization of irreducibles,
classification of blocks and analogues of the modular branching rules of the
symmetric group for the double covers over fields of odd characteristic follow
from the special case \lambda = \Lambda_0 of our main results. These matters
are discussed in the final section of the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7106 </DOCNO>
Tunneling effect on composite fermion pairing state in bilayer quantum


  We discuss the composite fermion pairing state in bilayer quantum Hall
systems. After the evaluation of the range of the inter-layer separation in
which the quantum Hall state is stabilized, we discuss the effect of
inter-layer tunneling on the composite fermion pairing state at \nu=1/2. We
show that there is a cusp at the transition point between the Halperin (3,3,1)
state and the Pfaffian state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4124 </DOCNO>
Random Matrix Theory of Scattering in Chaotic and Disordered Media


  We review the random matrix theory describing elastic scattering through
zero-dimensional ballistic cavities (having chaotic classical dynamics) and
quasi-one dimensional disordered systems. In zero dimension, general symmetry
considerations (flux conservation and time reversal symmetry) are only
considered, while the combination law of scatterers put in series is taken into
account in quasi-one dimension. Originally developed for calculating the
distribution of the electrical conductance of mesoscopic systems, this theory
naturally reveals the universal behaviors characterizing elastic scattering of
various scalar waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127511 </DOCNO>
A high-velocity black hole on a Galactic-halo orbit in the solar


  Only a few of the dozen or so stellar-mass black holes have been observed
away from the plane of the Galaxy$^1$. Those few could have been ejected from
the plane as a result of a ``kick'' received during a supernova explosion, or
they could be remnants of the population of massive stars formed in the early
stages of evolution of the Galaxy. Determining their orbital motion should help
to distinguish between these options. Here we report the transverse motion (in
the plane of the sky) for the black hole X-ray nova XTE J1118+480 (refs 2-5),
from which we derive a large space velocity. This X-ray binary has an eccentric
orbit around the Galactic Centre, like most objects in the halo of the Galaxy,
such as ancient stars and globular clusters. The properties of the system
suggest that its age is comparable to or greater than the age of the Galactic
disk. Only an extraordinary ``kick'' from a supernova could have launched the
black hole into an orbit like this from a birth place in the disk of the
Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4977 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium sampling of complex landscapes at low temperatures: the


  A method is presented, which allows to sample low and finite temperature
configurations of glassy systems, like spin glasses, at equilibrium. The basic
idea is to generate ground states and low lying excited configurations using a
heuristic algorithm. Then, with the help of microcanonical Monte Carlo
simulations, more configurations are found and entropies evaluated. Finally
equilibrium configuration are randomly sampled with proper Boltzmann weights.
  The method is applied to three-dimensional Ising spin glasses with +/-J
interactions and temperatures T<=0.5. The low-temperature behavior of this
model is characterized by evaluating different overlap quantities, exhibiting a
complex low-energy landscape for T>0. Moreover, these quantities are different
at T=0, which strongly suggests that the zero-temperature properties may be not
representative of the low-temperature behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76698 </DOCNO>
Charge and Color Breaking and D-terms in String Theory


  In four dimensional superstring models, the gauge group normally contains
extra U(1)s that are broken at a high energy scale. We show that the presence
of the extra U(1)s is crucial for the phenomenological viability of string
scenarios, since the contribution to the scalar masses from the D-terms can
lift the unbounded from below directions that usually appear when the gauge
group at high energies is just the Standard Model group. In particular, we show
that the dilaton dominated scenario can be allowed in large regions of the
parameter space if there exists an anomalous U(1) in the theory, and the
charges of the particles are the appropriate ones. We also analyze the
parameter space of some explicit string constructions, imposing a correct
phenomenology and the absence of dangerous charge and color breaking minima or
unbounded from below directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41462 </DOCNO>
Hybrid Rings of Fixed 8T Superconducting Magnets and Iron Magnets


  Two 2200m radius hybrid rings of fixed superconducting magnets and iron
magnets ramping at 200 Hz and 330 Hz are used to accelerate muons. Muons are
given 25 GeV of RF energy per orbit. Acceleration is from 250 GeV/c to 2400
GeV/c and requires a total of 86 orbits in both rings; 82% of the muons
survive. The total power consumption of the iron dipoles is 4 megawatts.
Stranded copper conductors and thin Metglas laminations are used to reduce
power losses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114167 </DOCNO>
Modernizing Newton, to work at any speed


  Modification of three ideas underlying Newton's original world view, with
only minor changes in context, might offer two advantages to introductory
physics students. First, the students will experience less cognitive dissonance
when they encounter relativistic effects. Secondly, the map-based Newtonian
tools that they spend so much time learning about can be extended to high
speeds, non-inertial frames, and even (locally, of course) to curved-spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3718 </DOCNO>
The Stability Balloon for Two-dimensional Vortex Ripple Patterns


  Patterns of vortex ripples form when a sand bed is subjected to an
oscillatory fluid flow. Here we describe experiments on the response of regular
vortex ripple patterns to sudden changes of the driving amplitude a or
frequency f. A sufficient decrease of f leads to a "freezing" of the pattern,
while a sufficient increase of f leads to a supercritical secondary "pearling"
instability. Sufficient changes in the amplitude a lead to subcritical
secondary "doubling" and "bulging" instabilities. Our findings are summarized
in a "stability balloon" for vortex ripple pattern formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123754 </DOCNO>
A study of the core of the Shapley Concentration: VI. Spectral


  We present the results of a study of the spectral properties of galaxies in
the central part of the Shapley Concentration, covering an extremely wide range
of densities, from the rich cluster cores to the underlying supercluster
environment. Our sample is homogeneous, in a well defined magnitude range
(17=<b_J=<18.8) and contains ~1300 spectra of galaxies at the same distance,
covering an area of ~26 sq.deg. These characteristics allowed an accurate
spectral classification, that we performed using a Principal Components
Analysis technique.
 This spectral classification, together with the [OII] equivalent widths and
the star formation rates, has been used to study the properties of galaxies at
different densities: cluster, intercluster (i.e. galaxies in the supercluster
but outside clusters) and field environment.
 No significant differences are present between samples at low density regimes
(i.e. intercluster and field galaxies). Cluster galaxies, instead, not only
have values significantly different from the field ones, but also show a
dependence on the local density. Moreover, a well defined morphology-density
relation is present in the cluster complexes, although these structures are
known to be involved in major merging events. Also the mean equivalent width of
[OII] shows a trend with the local environment, decreasing at increasing
densities, even if it is probably induced by the morphology-density relation.
 Finally we analyzed the mean star formation rate as a function of the density,
finding again a decreasing trend (at ~ 3sigma significance level). Our analysis
is consistent with the claim of Balogh et al. (1998) that the star formation in
clusters is depressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174715 </DOCNO>
Flow analysis from multiparticle azimuthal correlations


  We present a new method for analyzing directed and elliptic flow in heavy ion
collisions. Unlike standard methods, it separates the contribution of flow to
azimuthal correlations from contributions due to other effects. The separation
relies on a cumulant expansion of multiparticle azimuthal correlations, and
includes corrections for detector inefficiencies. This new method allows the
measurement of the flow of identified particles in narrow phase-space regions,
and can be used in every regime, from intermediate to ultrarelativistic
energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3595 </DOCNO>
Simulation of percolation on massively-parallel computers


  A novel approach to parallelize the well-known Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm has
been chosen, suitable for simulating huge lattices in high dimensions on
massively-parallel computers with distributed memory and message passing. This
method consists of domain decomposition of the simulated lattice into strips
perpendicular to the hyperplane of investigation that is used in the
Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm. Systems of world record sizes, up to L=4000256 in
two dimensions, L=20224 in three, and L=1036 in four, gave precise estimates
for the Fisher exponent tau, the corrections to scaling Delta_1, and for the
critical number density n_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124763 </DOCNO>
Poynting Jets from Accretion Disks


  The powerful narrow jets observed to emanate from many compact accreting
objects may arise from the twisting of a magnetic field threading a
differentially rotating accretion disk which acts to magnetically extract
angular momentum and energy from the disk. Two main regimes have been
discussed, {\it hydromagnetic outflows}, which have a significant mass flux and
have energy and angular momentum carried by both the matter and the
electromagnetic field and, Poynting outflows, where the mass flux is negligible
and energy and angular momentum are carried predominantly by the
electromagnetic field. Here we consider a Keplerian disk initially threaded by
a dipole-like magnetic field and we present solutions of the force-free
Grad-Shafranov equation for the coronal plasma. We find solutions with Poynting
jets where there is a continuous outflow of energy and toroidal magnetic flux
from the disk into the external space. This behavior contradicts the commonly
accepted ``theorem'' of Solar plasma physics that the motion of the footpoints
of a magnetic loop structure leads to a stationary magnetic field configuration
with zero power and flux outflows.
    In addition we discuss recent magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations which
establish that quasi-stationary collimated Poynting jets similar to our
Grad-Shafranov solutions arise from the inner part of a disk threaded by a
dipole-like magnetic field. At the same time we find that there is a steady
uncollimated hydromagnetic outflow from the outer part of the disk. The
Poynting jets represent a likely model for the jets from active galactic
nuclei, microquasars, and gamma ray burst sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168836 </DOCNO>
New Invariants and Separability criterion of the Mixed States: Bipartite


  We introduce algebraic sets in the complex projective spaces for the mixed
states in bipartite quantum systems as their invariants under local unitary
operations. The algebraic sets of the mixed state have to be the union of the
linear subspaces if the mixed state is separable. Some examples are given and
studied based on our criterion

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168282 </DOCNO>
The survival of quantum coherence in deformed states superposition


  We study the dissipative dynamics of deformed coherent states superposition.
We find that such kind of superposition can be more robust against decoherence
than the usual Schrodinger cat states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72681 </DOCNO>
Mesons on a transverse lattice


  The meson eigenstates of the light-cone Hamiltonian in a coarse transverse
lattice gauge theory are investigated. Building upon previous work in pure
gauge theory, the Hamiltonian and its Fock space are expanded in powers of
dynamical fields. In the leading approximation, the couplings appearing in the
Hamiltonian are renormalised by demanding restoration of space-time symmetries
broken by the cut-off. Additional requirements from chiral symmetry are
discussed and difficulties in imposing them from first principles in the
leading approximation are noted. A phenomenological calculation is then
performed, in which chiral symmetry in spontaneously broken form is modelled by
imposing the physical pion-rho mass splitting as a constraint. The light-cone
wavefunctions of the resulting Hamiltonian are used to compute decay constants,
form factors and quark momentum and spin distributions for the pion and rho
mesons. Extensions beyond leading order, and the implications for first
principles calculations, are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97507 </DOCNO>
On the Representation Theory of Deformation Quantization


  In this contribution to the proceedings of the 68eme Rencontre entre
Physiciens Theoriciens et Mathematiciens on Deformation Quantization I shall
report on some recent joint work with Henrique Bursztyn on the representation
theory of *-algebras arising from deformation quantization as I presented this
in my talk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124932 </DOCNO>
1/2 Law for Non-Radiative Accretion Flow


  At low densities, when radiation of an accreting gas is dynamically
unimportant, quasi-spherical non-radiative accretion flow is formed around a
compact object. We show that the density of the flow is n\propto r^{-1/2}. The
gas compression is much weaker than the standard Bondi's, n\propto r^{-3/2},
because most of the gas does not reach the compact object. It can either
circulate indefinitely long or it can be launched to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2805 </DOCNO>
A QES Band-Structure Problem in One Dimension


  I show that the potential $$V(x,m) = \big [\frac{b^2}{4}-m(1-m)a(a+1) \big
]\frac{\sn^2 (x,m)}{\dn^2 (x,m)} -b(a+{1/2}) \frac{\cn (x,m)}{\dn^2 (x,m)}$$
constitutes a QES band-structure problem in one dimension. In particular, I
show that for any positive integral or half-integral $a$, $2a+1$ band edge
eigenvalues and eigenfunctions can be obtained analytically. In the limit of m
going to 0 or 1, I recover the well known results for the QES double
sine-Gordon or double sinh-Gordon equations respectively. As a by product, I
also obtain the boundstate eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the potential
$$V(x) = \big [\frac{\beta^2}{4}-a(a+1) \big ] \sech^2 x +\beta(a+{1/2})\sech
x\tanh x$$ in case $a$ is any positive integer or half-integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75412 </DOCNO>
Brane-World Cosmology, Bulk Scalars and Perturbations


  We investigate aspects of cosmology in brane world theories with a bulk
scalar field. We concentrate on a recent model motivated from supergravity in
singular spaces. After discussing the background evolution of such a
brane-world, we present the evolution of the density contrast. We compare our
results to those obtained in the (second) Randall-Sundrum scenario and usual 4D
scalar-tensor theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129492 </DOCNO>
Millisecond X-Ray Pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658: Limits to the Mass and the


  We predict from a survey of equations of state and observations of X-ray
pulsations from SAX J1808.4-3658, that the upper limit of the mass of the
compact star is 2.27 solar mass. The corresponding upper limit of the radius
comes out to be 9.73 km. We also do a study to estimate the lower limit of the
mass of the compact star. Such a limit is very useful to put constraints on
equations of state. We also discuss the implications of the upper mass limit
for the detection of the source in radio frequencies. We point out that the
possible observation of radio-eclipse may be able to rule out several soft
equation of state models, by setting a moderately high value for the lower
limit of inclination angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81036 </DOCNO>
Abelian chromomagnetic background field at finite temperature on the


  The vacuum dynamics of SU(2) and SU(3) lattice gauge theories is studied by
means of a gauge-invariant effective action defined using the lattice
Schr\"odinger functional at finite temperature. In the case of the SU(3) gauge
theory numerical simulations are performed both at zero and finite temperature.
The vacuum is probed using an external constant Abelian chromomagnetic field.
At zero temperature, in agreement with our previous studies for the SU(2)
theory, the external field is totally screened in the continuum limit. At
finite temperature numerical data suggest that confinement is restored by
increasing the strength of the applied field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86803 </DOCNO>
Matters of Gravity, the newsletter of the APS Topical Group on


  Contents:
  We hear that... by Jorge Pullin
 Reflections of a decade:
  Matters of Gravity and the Topical Group in Gravitation, by Beverly Berger
  10 Years in Gravitational Wave Detection, by Peter Saulson
  Ten years of general relativity, some reflections, by Carlo Rovelli
  Tabletop gravity experiments, by Jens Gundlach
  String Theory: the past ten years, by Gary Horowitz
 Conference reports:
  Fourth Capra Meeting on Radiation Reaction, by Lior Burko
  Workshop on Numerical Relativity, by Michael Koppitz
  Workshop on Canonical & Quantum Gravity III by J. Lewandowski
  and J. Wisniewski

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3751 </DOCNO>
Flat histogram simulation of lattice polymer systems


  We demonstrate the use of a new algorithm called the Flat Histogram sampling
algorithm for the simulation of lattice polymer systems. Thermodynamics
properties, such as average energy or entropy and other physical quantities
such as end-to-end distance or radius of gyration can be easily calculated
using this method. Ground-state energy can also be determined. We also explore
the accuracy and limitations of this method.
  Key words: Monte Carlo algorithms, flat histogram sampling, HP model, lattice
polymer systems

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97160 </DOCNO>
The Newton polygons of overconvergent F-crystals


  R. Crew conjectured that every overconvergent F-isocrystal over k((t)) (k a
field of positive characteristic) is quasi-unipotent (equivalently, potentially
semistable), and so has ``generic'' and ``special'' Newton polygons. It is easy
to construct a Newton polygon for an arbitrary overconvergent F-crystal that
coincides with the generic Newton polygon for potentially semistable crystals.
We give an analogous construction for the special Newton polygon, by showing
that the F-crystal can be trivialized over a large auxiliary ring. In a
subsequent preprint, we use this construction to prove the aforementioned
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4009 </DOCNO>
Unstable decay and state selection II


  The decay of unstable states when several metastable states are available for
occupation is investigated using path-integral techniques. Specifically, a
method is described which allows the probabilities with which the metastable
states are occupied to be calculated by finding optimal paths, and fluctuations
about them, in the weak noise limit. The method is illustrated on a system
described by two coupled Langevin equations, which are found in the study of
instabilities in fluid dynamics and superconductivity. The problem involves a
subtle interplay between non-linearities and noise, and a naive approximation
scheme which does not take this into account is shown to be unsatisfactory. The
use of optimal paths is briefly reviewed and then applied to finding the
conditional probability of ending up in one of the metastable states, having
begun in the unstable state. There are several aspects of the calculation which
distinguish it from most others involving optimal paths: (i) the paths do not
begin and end on an attractor, and moreover, the final point is to a large
extent arbitrary, (ii) the interplay between the fluctuations and the leading
order contribution are at the heart of the method, and (iii) the final result
involves quantities which are not exponentially small in the noise strength.
This final result, which gives the probability of a particular state being
selected in terms of the parameters of the dynamics, is remarkably simple and
agrees well with the results of numerical simulations. The method should be
applicable to similar problems in a number of other areas such as state
selection in lasers, activationless chemical reactions and population dynamics
in fluctuating environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97494 </DOCNO>
Fractality of certain quantum states


  We prove the theorem announced in Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}:5022, 2001
concerning the existence and properties of fractal states for the Schr\"odinger
equation in the infinite one-dimensional well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168054 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic manipulation of entangled photons


  We propose probabilistic controlled-NOT and controlled-phase gates for qubits
stored in the polarization of photons. The gates are composed of linear optics
and photon detectors, and consume polarization entangled photon pairs. The
fraction of the successful operation is only limited by the efficiency of the
Bell-state measurement. The gates work correctly under the use of imperfect
detectors and lossy transmission of photons. Combined with single-qubit gates,
they can be used for producing arbitrary polarization states and for designing
various quantum measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1514 </DOCNO>
Staggered local density-of-states around the vortex in underdoped


  We have studied a single vortex with the staggered flux (SF) core based on
the SU(2) slave-boson theory of high $T_c$ superconductors. We find that
whereas the center in the vortex core is a SF state, as one moves away from the
core center, a correlated staggered modulation of the hopping amplitude $\chi$
and pairing amplitude $\Delta$ becomes predominant. We predict that in this
region, the local density-of-states (LDOS) exhibits staggered modulation when
measured on the bonds, which may be directly detected by STM experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41171 </DOCNO>
Subjet Multiplicity in Quark and Gluon Jets at Dzero


  We measure the subjet multiplicity M in jets reconstructed with a successive
combination type of jet algorithm (kT). We select jets with 55<pT<100 GeV and
|eta|<0.5. We compare similar samples of jets at sqrt(s)=1800 and 630 GeV. The
HERWIG Monte Carlo simulation predicts that 59% of the jets are gluon jets at
sqrt(s)=1800 GeV, and 33% at sqrt(s)=630 GeV. Using this information, we
extract the subjet multiplicity in quark (Mq) and gluon (Mg) jets. We also
measure the ratio R= (<Mg> -1)/(<Mq>-1)= 1.84 +- 0.15(stat) +0.22-0.18(sys).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72910 </DOCNO>
Light Quark Mass Effects in Bottom Quark Mass Determinations


  Recent results for charm quark mass effects in perturbative bottom quark mass
determinations from $\Upsilon$ mesons are reviewed. The connection between the
behavior of light quark mass corrections and the infrared sensitivity of some
bottom quark mass definitions is examined in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96061 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the Segal-Bargmann transform of L^p functions


  This paper gives necessary conditions and slightly stronger sufficient
conditions for a holomorphic function to be the Segal-Bargmann transform of a
function in L^p(R^d) with respect to a Gaussian measure. The proof relies on a
family of inversion formulas for the Segal-Bargmann transform, which can be
"tuned" to give the best estimates for a given value of p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124166 </DOCNO>
The Effects of Metallicity on the Cepheid P-L Relation and the


  Using published HST Cepheid data from 25 galaxies, we have found a
correlation between the P-L dispersion and host galaxy metallicity which is
significant at the ~3sigma level in the V band. This result supports the
suggestion that the metallicity dependence of the Cepheid P-L relation may be
stronger than expected. The high observed dispersions in the HST Cepheid P-L
relations have the further consequence that the bias due to incompleteness in
the P-L relation at faint magnitudes is more significant than previously
thought. In the HST sample, galaxies at higher distance tend to have higher
metallicity. This means that when a full metallicity/incompleteness correction
is made, a scale error in the published Cepheid distances is seen in the sense
that the published distance moduli are increasingly underestimates at larger
distances. This results in the average distance modulus to the four galaxies in
the Virgo cluster core increasing from (m-M)_0=31.2+-0.19 to (m-M)_0=31.8+-0.17
with similar increases for the Fornax and Ursa Major clusters. For the 18 HST
galaxies with good Tully-Fisher distances and (m-M)_0>29.5 the Cepheid-TF
distance modulus average residual increases from 0.44+-0.09 mag to 0.82+-0.1mag
indicating a significant scale error in TF distances and resulting in the
previous Pierce & Tully TF estimate of H_0=85 reducing to H_0=58+-7. Finally,
for the 8 HST galaxies with SNIa, the metallicity corrected Cepheid distances
now imply a metallicity dependence of SNIa peak luminosity in the sense that
metal-poor hosts have lower luminosity SNIa. Thus SNIa Hubble diagram estimates
of both H_0 and q_0 may also require significant metallicity corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149789 </DOCNO>
Brick Walls on the Brane


  The so-called ``brick-wall model'' is a semi-classical approach that has been
used to explain black hole entropy in terms of thermal matter fields. Here, we
apply the brick-wall formalism to thermal bulk fields in a Randall-Sundrum
brane world scenario. In this case, the black hole entity is really a
string-like object in the anti-de Sitter bulk, while appearing as a
Schwarzchild black hole to observers living on the brane. In spite of these
exotic circumstances, we establish that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy law is
preserved. Although a similar calculation was recently considered in the
literature, this prior work invoked a simplifying assumption (which we avoid)
that can not be adequately justified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168268 </DOCNO>
Robust quantum memory via quantum control


  A general scheme for building a quantum memory by transferring quantum
information to an essentially decoherence-free memory transition using quantum
control is presented and illustrated by computer simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3232 </DOCNO>
Vortices in superfluid trapped Fermi gases at zero temperature


  We discuss various aspects of the vortex state of a dilute superfluid atomic
Fermi gas at T=0. The energy of the vortex in a trapped gas is calculated and
we provide an expression for the thermodynamic critical rotation frequency of
the trap for its formation. Furthermore, we propose a method to detect the
presence of a vortex by calculating the effect of its associated velocity field
on the collective mode spectrum of the gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127998 </DOCNO>
Probing the Mass Distribution with IRAS Galaxies


  We present the results of three independent analyses in which we show that
IRAS galaxies faithfully trace the underlying distribution the mass in the
local universe. In the first analysis we compare the mass and the galaxy
density fields and show that they are consistent within 60 $h^{-1}$Mpc. In the
second one we show that the tidal velocity field of the Mark III catalog is
consistent with the tidal velocity field predicted from the distribution of
IRAS galaxies, hence indicating that IRAS galaxies trace the mass distribution
well beyond 60 $h^{-1}$Mpc. Finally, a third analysis aimed at determining the
mean biasing relation of IRAS galaxies showed no appreciable deviations from
the linear biasing prescription.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128807 </DOCNO>
First stars, very massive black holes and metals


  Recent studies suggest that the initial mass function (IMF) of the first
stars was likely to be extremely top-heavy, unlike what is observed at present.
We propose a scenario to generate fragmentation to lower masses once the first
massive stars have formed and derive constraints on the primordial IMF. We
estimate the mass fraction of pair-unstable supernovae, shown to be the
dominant sources of the first heavy elements. These metals enrich the gas up to
about $10^{-5}$ solar metallicity, when a transition to efficient
cooling-driven fragmentation occurs producing 1 solar mass clumps. We argue
that the remaining fraction of the first stars ends up in 100 solar mass VMBHs
(Very Massive Black Holes). We obtain constraints on the fraction of first
stars that contribute to the initial metal enrichment and the transition
redshift for primordial IMF away from a top-heavy one, by making various
assumptions about the fate of these VMBHs at late times. We conclude with a
discussion of several hitherto unexplored implications of a high-mass dominated
star formation mode in the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149400 </DOCNO>
Integrable Boundaries and Universal TBA Functional Equations


  We derive the fusion hierarchy of functional equations for critical A-D-E
lattice models related to, the sl(2) unitary minimal models, the parafermionic
models and the supersymmetric models of conformal field theory, and deduce the
related TBA functional equations. The derivation uses fusion projectors and
applies in the presence of all known integrable boundary conditions on the
torus and cylinder. The resulting TBA functional equations are_universal_ in
the sense that they depend only on the Coxeter number of the A-D-E graph and
are independent of the particular integrable boundary conditions. We conjecture
generally that TBA functional equations are universal for all integrable
lattice models associated with rational CFTs and their integrable
perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126720 </DOCNO>
The Canada-France deep fields survey-I: 100,000 galaxies, 1 deg^2: a


  (abridged) Using the UH8K mosaic camera, we have measured the angular
correlation function \omega(\theta) for 100,000 galaxies over four widely
separated fields totalling ~1\deg^2 and reaching IAB~25.5. With this sample we
investigate the dependence of \omega(\theta) at 1', A_\omega(1'), on sample
median IAB magnitude in the range 19.5<I(AB-med)<24. Our results show that
A_\omega(1') decreases monotonically to IAB~25. At bright magnitudes,
\omega(\theta) is consistent with a power-law of slope \delta = -0.8 for
0.2'<\theta<3.0' but at fainter magnitudes we find \delta ~ -0.6. At the
3\sigma level, our observations are still consistent with \delta=-0.8.
Furthermore, in the magnitude ranges 18.5<IAB<24.0 and 18.5<IAB<23.0 we find
galaxies with 2.6<(V-I)AB<2.9 have A_\omega(1')'s which are ~10x higher than
field values. We demonstrate that our model redshift distributions for the
faint galaxy population are in good agreement with current spectroscopic
observations. Using these predictions, we find that for low-omega cosmologies
and assuming r_0=4.3/h Mpc, in the range 19.5<I(AB-med)<22, the growth of
galaxy clustering is \epsilon~0. However, at 22<I(AB-med)<24.0, our
observations are consistent with \epsilon>1. Models with \epsilon~0 cannot
simultaneously match both bright and faint measurements of A_\omega(1`). We
show how this result is a natural consequence of the ``bias-free'' nature of
the \epsilon formalism and is consistent with the field galaxy population in
the range 22.0<IAB<24.0 being dominated by galaxies of low intrinsic
luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6593 </DOCNO>
Field theoretical study of a spin-1/2 ladder with unequal chain


  We study the low-energy properties of a Heisenberg spin-1/2 zigzag ladder
with different exchange constants on the two chains. Using a nonlinear
sigma-model field theory and abelian bosonization, we find that the excitations
are gapless, with a finite spin wave velocity, if the values of the chain
exchanges are small. If the chain exchanges are large, the system is gapped,
and the energy spectra of the kink and antikink excitations are different from
each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73437 </DOCNO>
Very light CP-odd scalar in the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model


  We show that a general two-Higgs-doublet model (THDM) with a very light
CP-odd scalar (A) can be compatible with the rho parameter, Br(b --> s\gamma),
R_b, A_b, (g-2) of muon, Br(Upsilon --> A gamma), and the direct search via the
Yukawa process at LEP. For its mass around 0.2 GeV, the muon (g-2) and
Br(Upsilon --> A \gamma) data require tan(beta) to be about 1. Consequently, A
can behave like a fermiophobic CP-odd scalar and predominantly decay into a
photon pair ("gamma gamma"), which registers in detectors of high energy
collider experiments as a single photon signature when the momentum of A is
large. We compute the partial decay width of Z --> A A A and the production
rate of f \bar{f} --> Z A A --> Z +"gamma gamma", f^' {\bar f} --> W^{\pm} A A
--> W^\pm + "gamma gamma" and f \bar f --> H^+ H^- --> W^+ W^- A A --> W^+ W^-
+ "gamma gamma" at high energy colliders such as LEP, Tevatron, LHC, and future
Linear Colliders. Other production mechanisms of a light A, such as gg --> h
--> AA --> "gamma gamma", are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6498 </DOCNO>
Polarization-Correlated Photon Pairs from a Single Quantum Dot


  Polarization correlation in a linear basis is observed between the biexciton
and single-exciton photons emitted by a single InAs quantum dot. A measurement
of the two-photon polarization density matrix is performed, showing strong
"classical" correlation but no entanglement. The results are well described
quantitatively by a probabilistic model that includes two decay paths for a
biexciton through a non-degenerate pair of one-exciton states, with the
polarization of the emitted photons depending on the decay path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86616 </DOCNO>
Parametric Oscillatory Instability in Fabry-Perot (FP) Interferometer


  We present an approximate analysis of a nonlinear effect of parametric
oscillatory instability in FP interferometer. The basis for this effect is the
excitation of the additional (Stokes) optical mode and of the mirror's elastic
mode when the optical energy stored in the FP resonator main mode exceeds the
certain threshold. This effect is undesirable in laser gravitational wave
antennae because it may create a specific upper limit for the value of energy
stored in FP resonator. In order to avoid it the detailed analysis of the
mirror's elastic modes and FP resonator optical modes structure is necessary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 160 </DOCNO>
Fractional exclusion statistics and shot noise in ballistic conductors


  We study the noise properties of ballistic conductors with carriers
satisfying fractional exclusion statistics. To test directly the nature of
exclusion statistics we found that systems under weakly degenerate conditions
should be considered. Typical of these systems is that the chemical potential,
$\mu$ is in the thermal range $|\mu |<3k_{B}T$. In these conditions the noise
properties under current saturation are found to depend upon the statistical
parameter $g$, displaying suppressed shot noise for $1/2\leq g\leq 1$, and
enhanced shot noise for $0<g<1/2$, according to the attractive or repulsive
nature of the carrier exclusion statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169180 </DOCNO>
Reflections upon separability and distillability


  We present an abstract formulation of the so-called Innsbruck-Hannover
programme that investigates quantum correlations and entanglement in terms of
convex sets. We present a unified description of optimal decompositions of
quantum states and the optimization of witness operators that detect whether a
given state belongs to a given convex set. We illustrate the abstract
formulation with several examples, and discuss relations between optimal
entanglement witnesses and n-copy non-distillable states with non-positive
partial transpose.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76772 </DOCNO>
How Is the Maximum Entropy of a Quantized Surface Related to Its Area?


  The maximum entropy of a quantized surface is demonstrated to be proportional
to the surface area in the classical limit. The result is valid in loop quantum
gravity, and in a somewhat more general class of approaches to surface
quantization. The maximum entropy is calculated explicitly for some specific
cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97911 </DOCNO>
Kac-Moody algebras and Lie algebras of regular vector fields on tori


  We consider the problem of representing the Kac-Moody algebra
$\mathfrak{g}(N)$ specified by an $r\times r$ indecomposable generalised Cartan
matrix $N$ as vector fields on the torus ${{\bb C}^*}^r$. It is shown that, if
the representations are of a certain form, this is possible if and only if
$\mathfrak{g}(N)\cong sl(r+1,{\bb C})$ or $\tilde{sl}(r,{\bb C})$. For
$sl(r+1,{\bb C})$ and $\tilde{sl}(r,{\bb C})$, discrete families of
representations are constructed. These generalise the well-known discrete
families of representations of $sl(2,{\bb C})$ as regular vector fields on
${\bb C}^*$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96775 </DOCNO>
Real cohomology groups of the space of nonsingular curves of degree 5 in


  We construct a modification of Vassiliev's method of calculating cohomology
groups of spaces of nonsingular algebraic hypersurfaces. We use this modified
method to calculate the real cohomology groups of the space of nonsingular
plane quintics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99149 </DOCNO>
On Filamentations and Virtual Knots


  In this paper, we discuss filamentations on oriented chord diagrams. When a
filamentation cannot be realized on an oriented chord diagram, then the
corresponding flat virtual knot is non-trivial. If a flat knot diagram is
non-trivial, then any virtual diagram whose shadow is the flat diagram must
also be non-trivial. We introduce a class of flat diagrams for which no
filamentations exist. This class gives the first example of an infinite set of
virtual knots for which the Jones polynomial and the fundamental group both
evaluate trivially. The related generalized Alexander polynomials for the
virtual knots in this class turn out to be distinct, proving that the class is
indeed infinite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4825 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect of impurity moments in d-wave superconductors: Quantum


  We discuss the dynamics of magnetic moments in d-wave superconductors, in
particular we focus on moments induced by doping non-magnetic impurities into
cuprates. The interaction of such moments with the Bogoliubov quasiparticles of
the superconductors can be decribed by variants of the pseudogap Kondo model,
characterized by a power-law density of states at the Fermi level. The
Numerical Renormalization Group technique is employed to investigate this Kondo
problem for realistic band structures and particle-hole asymmetries, both at
zero and finite temperatures. In particular, we study the boundary quantum
phase transition between the local-moment and the asymmetric strong-coupling
phases, and argue that this transition has been observed in recent nuclear
magnetic resonance experiments. We determine the spectral properties of both
phases, the location of the critical point as function of Kondo coupling and
doping, and discuss the quantum-critical cross-overs near this phase
transition. In addition, the changes in the local density of states around the
impurity are calculated as function of temperature, being relevant to scanning
tunneling microscopy experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125547 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamic Structure of an Outer-Gap Accelerator: Implausibility of


  We investigate a stationary pair production cascade in the outer
magnetosphere of a spinning neutron star. The charge depletion due to global
flows of charged particles, causes a large electric field along the magnetic
field lines. Migratory electrons and/or positrons are accelerated by this field
to radiate curvature gamma-rays, some of which collide with the X-rays to
materialize as pairs in the gap. The replenished charges partially screen the
electric field, which is self-consistently solved, together with the
distribution functions of particles and gamma-rays. By solving the Vlasov
equations describing this pair production cascade, we demonstrate the existence
of a stationary gap in the outer magnetosphere of PSR B1055-52 for a wide range
of current densities flowing in the accelerator: From sub to super
Goldreich-Julian values. However, we find that the expected GeV spectrum
becomes very soft if the current density exceeds the Goldreich-Julian value. We
also demonstrate that the GeV spectrum softens with decreasing magnetic
inclination and with increasing distance to this pulsar. We thus conclude that
a sub-Goldreich-Julian current, a large magnetic inclination, and a small
distance (500 pc, say) are plausible to account for EGRET observations.
Furthermore, it is found that the TeV flux due to inverse Compton scatterings
of infrared photons whose spectrum is inferred from the Rayleigh-Jeans side of
the soft blackbody spectrum is much less than the observational upper limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1284 </DOCNO>
Beyond Eliashberg superconductivity in MgB2: anharmonicity, two-phonon


  Density-functional calculations of the phonon spectrum and electron-phonon
coupling in MgB$_2$ are presented. The $E_{2g}$ phonons, which involve in-plane
B displacements, couple strongly to the $p_{x,y}$ electronic bands. The
isotropic electron-phonon coupling constant is calculated to be about 0.8.
Allowing for different order parameters in different bands, the superconducting
$\lambda$ in the clean limit is calculated to be significantly larger. The
$E_{2g}$ phonons are strongly anharmonic, and the non-linear contribution to
the coupling between the $E_{2g}$ modes and the p$_{x,y}$ bands is significant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2652 </DOCNO>
Roughness Scaling in Cyclical Surface Growth


  The scaling behavior of cyclical growth (e.g. cycles of alternating
deposition and desorption primary processes) is investigated theoretically and
probed experimentally. The scaling approach to kinetic roughening is
generalized to cyclical processes by substituting the time by the number of
cycles $n$. The roughness is predicted to grow as $n^{\beta}$ where $\beta$ is
the cyclical growth exponent. The roughness saturates to a value which scales
with the system size $L$ as $L^{\alpha}$, where $\alpha$ is the cyclical
roughness exponent. The relations between the cyclical exponents and the
corresponding exponents of the primary processes are studied. Exact relations
are found for cycles composed of primary linear processes. An approximate
renormalization group approach is introduced to analyze non-linear effects in
the primary processes. The analytical results are backed by extensive numerical
simulations of different pairs of primary processes, both linear and
non-linear. Experimentally, silver surfaces are grown by a cyclical process
composed of electrodeposition followed by 50% electrodissolution. The roughness
is found to increase as a power-law of $n$, consistent with the scaling
behavior anticipated theoretically. Potential applications of cyclical scaling
include accelerated testing of rechargeable batteries, and improved
chemotherapeutic treatment of cancerous tumors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125811 </DOCNO>
Thermal structure and cooling of neutron stars with magnetized envelopes


  The thermal structure of neutron stars with magnetized envelopes is studied
using modern physics input. The relation between the internal (T_i) and local
surface temperatures is calculated and fitted by analytic expressions for
magnetic field strengths B from 0 to 10^{16} G and arbitrary inclination of the
field lines to the surface. The luminosity of a neutron star with dipole
magnetic field is calculated and fitted as a function of B, T_i, stellar mass
and radius. In addition, we simulate cooling of neutron stars with magnetized
envelopes. In particular, we analyse ultramagnetized envelopes of magnetars and
also the effects of the magnetic field of the Vela pulsar on the determination
of critical temperatures of neutron and proton superfluids in its core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126390 </DOCNO>
The 12C(alpha,gamma)16O Reaction Rate and the Evolution of Stars in the


  We discuss the influence of the 12C(alpha,gamma)16O$ reaction rate on the
central He burning of stars in the mass range 0.8-25 Msun, as well as its
effects on the explosive yields of a 25 Msun star of solar chemical
composition. We find that the central He burning is only marginally affected by
a change in this cross section within the currently accepted uncertainty range.
The only (important) quantity which varies significantly is the amount of C
left by the He burning. Since the C(alpha,gamma)16O is efficient in a
convective core, we have also analyzed the influence of the convective mixing
in determining the final C abundance left by the central He burning. Our main
finding is that the adopted mixing scheme does not influence the final C
abundance provided the outer border of the convective core remains essentially
fixed (in mass) when the central He abundance drops below about 0.1 dex by mass
fraction; vice versa, even a slight shift (in mass) of the border of the
convective core during the last part of the central He burning could
appreciably alter the final C abundance. Hence, we stress that it is wiser to
discuss the advanced evolutionary phases as a function of the C abundance left
by the He burning rather than as a function of the efficiency of the
12C(alpha,gamma)16O reaction rate. Only a better knowledge of this cross
section and/or the physics of the convective motions could help in removing the
degeneracy between these two components. We also prolonged the evolution of the
two 25 M_sun stellar models up to the core collapse and computed the final
explosive yields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4265 </DOCNO>
Disordered Environments in Spatial Games


  The Prisoner's dilemma is the main game theoretical framework in which the
onset and maintainance of cooperation in biological populations is studied. In
the spatial version of the model, we study the robustness of cooperation in
heterogeneous ecosystems in spatial evolutionary games by considering site
diluted lattices. The main result is that due to disorder, the fraction of
cooperators in the population is enhanced. Moreover, the system presents a
dynamical transition at $\rho^*$, separating a region with spatial chaos from
one with localized, stable groups of cooperators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5801 </DOCNO>
Activated escape of periodically driven systems


  We discuss activated escape from a metastable state of a system driven by a
time-periodic force. We show that the escape probabilities can be changed very
strongly even by a comparatively weak force. In a broad parameter range, the
activation energy of escape depends linearly on the force amplitude. This
dependence is described by the logarithmic susceptibility, which is analyzed
theoretically and through analog and digital simulations. A closed-form
explicit expression for the escape rate of an overdamped Brownian particle is
presented and shown to be in quantitative agreement with the simulations. We
also describe experiments on a Brownian particle optically trapped in a
double-well potential. A suitable periodic modulation of the optical intensity
breaks the spatio-temporal symmetry of an otherwise spatially symmetric system.
This has allowed us to localize a particle in one of the symmetric wells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86019 </DOCNO>
Tensor-Scalar Torsion


  A theory of gravity with torsion is examined in which the torsion tensor is
constructed from the exterior derivative of an antisymmetric rank two potential
plus the dual of the gradient of a scalar field. Field equations for the theory
are derived by demanding that the action be stationary under variations with
respect to the metric, the antisymmetric potential, and the scalar field. A
material action is introduced and the equations of motion are derived. The
correct conservation law for rotational angular momentum plus spin is observed
to hold in this theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4176 </DOCNO>
Implications of reflectance measurements on the mechanism for


  Recent optical studies in c-axis oriented superconducting MgB$_2$ films
indicate that the electron-phonon coupling is weak [tu01]. We reinforce this
conclusion by examining the raw reflectance data; its frequency dependence is
incompatible with strong electron-phonon scattering. This is further
strengthened by analysis of the real part of the conductivity, and by the
temperature dependence of the effective Drude scattering rate. Using a
realistic electron-phonon spectral shape [kong01], we find $\lambda_{\rm tr}
\approx 0.15$, in agreement with Tu et al. [tu01]. To the extent that
$\lambda_{\rm tr} \approx \lambda$, this disagrees sharply with model
calculations [kong01,kortus01,an01], and is far too low to provide the means
for $T_c = 39 $ K. A simple model is constructed with coupling to a high
frequency excitation, which is consistent with both the low frequency optical
data and the high $T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76670 </DOCNO>
Theoretical and Experimental Status of Magnetic Monopoles


  The Tevatron has inspired new interest in the subject of magnetic monopoles.
First there was the 1998 D0 limit on the virtual production of monopoles, based
on the theory of Ginzberg and collaborators. In 2000 the first results from an
experiment (Fermilab E882) searching for real magnetically charged particles
bound to elements from the CDF and D0 detectors were reported. This also
required new developments in theory. The status of the experimental limits on
monopole masses will be discussed, as well as the limitation of the theory of
magnetic charge at present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98998 </DOCNO>
Minimal volume Alexandrov spaces


  Closed hyperbolic manifolds are proven to minimize volume over all Alexandrov
spaces with curvature bounded below by -1 in the same bilipschitz class. As a
corollary compact convex cores with totally geodesic boundary are proven to
minimize volume over all hyperbolic manifolds in the same bilipschitz class.
Also, closed hyperbolic manifolds minimize volume over all hyperbolic cone
manifolds in the same bilipschitz class with cone angles not greater than 2pi.
The proof uses techniques developed by Besson-Courtois-Gallot. In 3 dimensions,
this result provides a partial solution to a conjecture in Kleinian groups
concerning acylindrical manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73618 </DOCNO>
Splitting Triplet and Doublet in Extra Dimensions


  A novel mechanism to realize the triplet-doublet splitting in supersymmetric
SU(5) grand unified theories is proposed in the framework of higher dimensional
theories where chiral multiplets are localized due to kink configuration of a
SU(5) singlet. An adjoint Higgs field which spontaneously breaks the SU(5)
gauge symmetry is assumed to be involved with the localization process,
splitting the wave functions of the color-triplet Higgs from its doublet
counterpart. The resulting effective four-dimensional theory does not possess
manifest SU(5) invariance. By adjusting couplings, the doublet mass can be
exponentially suppressed. We also show that dimension 5 proton decay from
triplet Higgs exchange can be suppressed to a negligible level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113405 </DOCNO>
Discrete Quantum Electrodynamics


  The purpose of this paper is to construct a quantum field theory suitable for
describing quantum electrodynamics and Yang-Mills theory in a form which
satisfies the conditions of the Millennium prize offered by the Clay
Mathematics Institute as described by Jaffe and Witten [12], by showing that it
satisfies 'axioms at least as strong as those cited by' Wightman [18] and by
Osterwalder and Schrader [14], and by observing that this form of field theory
has no mass gap. The definitions provide a model for relativistic quantum
mechanics which supports a form of relativistic quantum field theory, but which
does not depend on the second quantisation of a 'matter wave'. Continuous laws
of wave mechanics are found in model of discrete particle interactions which
does not involve waves, or the quantisation of interacting fields. Newton's
first law and conservation of momentum are established from the principle of
homogeneity. Maxwell's equations are derived from the simple interaction in
which a Dirac particle emits or absorbs a photon, showing that the renormalised
mass and coupling constant are equal to their bare values. Feynman rules are
calculated for the discrete theory and give the predictions of the standard
renormalised theory. Quark confining interactions are described for qed and for
an adaptation of Yang-Mills theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2822 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulation of Laser Diodes Sub-Poissonian Light Generation


  When laser diodes are driven by high-impedance electrical sources the
variance of the number of photo-detection events counted over large time
durations is less than the average number of events (sub-Poissonian light). The
paper presents a Monte Carlo simulation that keeps track of each level
occupancy (0 or 1) in the conduction and valence bands, and of the number of
light quanta in the optical cavity. When there is good electron-lattice thermal
contact the electron and hole temperatures remain equal to that of the lattice.
In that case, elementary laser-diode noise theory results are accurately
reproduced by the simulation. But when the thermal contact is poor (or, almost
equivalently, at high power levels) new effects occur (spectral-hole burning,
temperature fluctuations, statistical fluctuations of the optical gain) that
are difficult to handle theoretically. Our numerical simulation shows that the
frequency domain over which the photo-current spectral density is below the
shot-noise level becomes narrower as the optical power increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98822 </DOCNO>
Gauss-Bonnet type theorems in any dimension


  Given a construction of smooth homotopy class invariants of smooth immersions
$M^n\to R^{n+k}$. The particular case of $k=1, n\ge 1$ is a sequence of
non-zero integrals, where the $n=2$ term is the Gauss-Bonnet integral

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75491 </DOCNO>
Self-Tuning and de Sitter Brane Intersections in the 6-Dimensional Brane


  We study the self-tuning of general brane junctions and brane networks on the
6-dimensional space-time. For the general brane junctions, there may exist one
fine-tuning among the brane tensions. For the brane networks, similar to the
5-dimensional self-tuning brane models, the brane tensions can be set
arbitrarily and there exists the singularity for the metric and bulk scalar.
And if we want to regularize the singularity, we will introduce the fine-tuning
among the brane tensions. In addition, because the 4-dimensional cosmological
constant we observe may be positive and very small, we discuss the brane
network with de Sitter brane intersections by introducing a bulk scalar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7607 </DOCNO>
Landau-Zener transitions in a linear chain


  We present an exact asymptotic solution for electron transition amplitudes in
an infinite linear chain driven by an external homogeneous time-dependent
electric field. This solution extends the Landau-Zener theory for the case of
infinite number of states in discrete spectrum. In addition to transition
amplitudes we calculate an effective diffusion constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125144 </DOCNO>
Tuning the Clock: Uranium and Thorium Chronometers Applied to CS


  We obtain age estimates for the progenitor(s) of the extremely metal-poor
([Fe/H = -2.9) halo star CS 31082-001, based on the recently reported first
observation of a Uranium abundance in this (or any other) star. Age estimates
are derived by application of the classical r-process model with updated
nuclear physics inputs. The [U/Th] ratio yields an age of 13+-4 Gyr or 8+-4
Gyr, based on the use of the ETFSI-Q or the new HFBCS-1 nuclear mass models,
respectively. Implications for Thorium chronometers are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 750 </DOCNO>
Shot noise for resonant Cooper pair tunneling


  We study intrinsic noise of current in a superconducting single-electron
transistor, taking into account both coherence effects and Coulomb interaction
near a Cooper-pair resonance. Due to this interplay, the statistics of
tunneling events deviates from the Poisson distribution and, more important, it
shows even-odd asymmetry in the transmitted charge. The zero-frequency noise is
suppressed significantly when the quasiparticle tunneling rates are comparable
to the coherent oscillation frequency of Cooper pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2025 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism in the one-dimensional Hubbard model with orbital


  We studied ferromagnetism in the one-dimensional Hubbard model with doubly
degenerate atomic orbitals by means of the density-matrix renormalization-group
method and obtained the ground-state phase diagrams. It was found that
ferromagnetism is stable from low to high (0< n < 1.75) electron density when
the interactions are sufficiently strong. Quasi-long-range order of triplet
superconductivity coexists with the ferromagnetic order for a strong Hund
coupling region, where the inter-orbital interaction U'-J is attractive. At
quarter-filling (n=1), the insulating ferromagnetic state appears accompanying
orbital quasi-long-range order. For low densities (n<1), ferromagnetism occurs
owing to the ferromagnetic exchange interaction caused by virtual hoppings of
electrons, the same as in the quarter-filled system. This comes from separation
of the charge and spin-orbital degrees of freedom in the strong coupling limit.
This ferromagnetism is fragile against variation of band structure. For high
densities (n>1), the phase diagram of the ferromagnetic phase is similar to
that obtained in infinite dimensions. In this case, the double exchange
mechanism is operative to stabilize the ferromagnetic order and this long-range
order is robust against variation of the band-dispersion. A partially polarized
state appears in the density region 1.68<n<1.75 and phase separation occurs for
n just below the half-filling (n=2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73172 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal and transverse fermion-boson vertex in QED at finite


  We evaluate the fermion-photon vertex in QED at the one loop level in Hard
Thermal Loop approximation and write it in covariant form. The complete vertex
can be expanded in terms of 32 basis vectors. As is well known, the
fermion-photon vertex and the fermion propagator are related through a
Ward-Takahashi Identity (WTI). This relation splits the vertex into two parts:
longitudinal (Gamma_L) and transverse (Gamma_T). Gamma_L is fixed by the WTI.
The description of the longitudinal part consumes 8 of the basis vectors. The
remaining piece Gamma_T is then written in terms of 24 spin amplitudes.
Extending the work of Ball and Chiu and Kizilersu et. al., we propose a set of
basis vectors T^mu_i(P_1,P_2) at finite temperature such that each of these is
transverse to the photon four-momentum and also satisfies T^mu_i(P,P)=0, in
accordance with the Ward Identity, with their corresponding coefficients being
free of kinematic singularities. This basis reduces to the form proposed by
Kizilersu et. al. at zero temperature. We also evaluate explicitly the
coefficient of each of these vectors at the above-mentioned level of
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41261 </DOCNO>
Impact of the first SNO results on Neutrino Mass and Mixing


  We investigate the implications of the SNO charged-current (CC) and electron
scattering (ES) measurements of solar \br neutrino fluxes for neutrino mass and
mixing parameters by performing a global and unified $\chi^2$ analysis of the
solar neutrino data in the framework of two neutrino mixing. We consider both
$\nu_e -\nu_{active}$ and $\nu_e -\nu_{sterile}$ solutions and perform (i)
analysis of the total rates data of Cl, Ga, SK and SNO experiments and (ii)
global analysis including the total rates data, the recoil electron spectrum
data of SK and the CC spectrum observed at SNO. For the $\nu_e-\nu_{active}$
case the inclusion of the SNO results in the analysis of the total rates
reduces(enhances) the goodness-of-fit (GOF) of the SMA(LMA) solution. The flat
spectrum observed at SK further favours the LMA solution over the SMA solution
and no allowed area is obtained in the SMA region at 3$\sigma$ level from the
global analysis. For the $\nu_e -\nu_{sterile}$ case, with the inclusion of the
SNO results, all the solutions are disfavoured with a probability of more than
99% from the total rates analysis while for the global analysis the GOF of
these become much worse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123516 </DOCNO>
The structure of radiative shock waves. III. The model grid for


  The grid of the models of radiative shock waves propagating through partially
ionized hydrogen gas with temperature 3000K <= T_1 <= 8000K and density
10^{-12} gm/cm^3 <= \rho_1 <= 10^{-9}gm/cm^3 is computed for shock velocities
20 km/s <= U_1 <= 90 km/s. The fraction of the total energy of the shock wave
irreversibly lost due to radiation flux ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 for 20 km/s <=
U_1 <= 70 km/s. The postshock gas is compressed mostly due to radiative cooling
in the hydrogen recombination zone and final compression ratios are within 1
<\rho_N/\rho_1 \lesssim 10^2, depending mostly on the shock velocity U_1. The
preshock gas temperature affects the shock wave structure due to the
equilibrium ionization of the unperturbed hydrogen gas, since the rates of
postshock relaxation processes are very sensitive to the number density of
hydrogen ions ahead the discontinuous jump. Both the increase of the preshock
gas temperature and the decrease of the preshock gas density lead to lower
postshock compression ratios. The width of the shock wave decreases with
increasing upstream velocity while the postshock gas is still partially ionized
and increases as soon as the hydrogen is fully ionized. All shock wave models
exhibit stronger upstream radiation flux emerging from the preshock outer
boundary in comparison with downstream radiation flux emerging in the opposite
direction from the postshock outer boundary. The difference between these
fluxes depends on the shock velocity and ranges from 1% to 16% for 20 km/s <=
U_1 <= 60 km/s. The monochromatic radiation flux transported in hydrogen lines
significantly exceeds the flux of the background continuum and all shock wave
models demonstrate the hydrogen lines in emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127187 </DOCNO>
Resolving the Structure of Ionized Helium in the Intergalactic Medium


  The neutral hydrogen and the ionized helium absorption in the spectra of
quasars are unique probes of structure in the early universe. We present
Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer observations of the line of sight to the
quasar HE2347-4342 in the 1000-1187 A band at a resolving power of 15,000. We
resolve the He II Ly alpha absorption as a discrete forest of absorption lines
in the redshift range 2.3 to 2.7. About 50 percent of these features have H I
counterparts with column densities log N(HI) > 12.3 that account for most of
the observed opacity in He II Ly alpha. The He II to H I column density ratio
ranges from 1 to >1000 with an average of ~80. Ratios of <100 are consistent
with photoionization of the absorbing gas by a hard ionizing spectrum resulting
from the integrated light of quasars, but ratios of >100 in many locations
indicate additional contributions from starburst galaxies or heavily filtered
quasar radiation. The presence of He II Ly alpha absorbers with no H I
counterparts indicates that structure is present even in low-density regions,
consistent with theoretical predictions of structure formation through
gravitational instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97796 </DOCNO>
Amoebas of algebraic varieties


  The amoebas associated to algebraic varieties are certain concave regions in
the Euclidean space whose shape reminds biological amoebas. This term was
formally introduced to Mathematics in 1994 by Gelfand, Kapranov and Zelevinski.
Some traces of amoebas were appearing from time to time, even before the formal
introduction, as auxiliary tools in several problems. After 1994 amoebas have
been seen and studied in several areas of mathematics, from algebraic geometry
and topology to complex analysis and combinatorics. In particular, amoebas
provided a very powerful tool for studying topology of algebraic varieties.
  This survey aims to summarize the current state of knowledge about amoebas
and to outline the applications to real algebraic geometry and adjacent areas.
Most proofs are omitted here. An expanded version of this survey is currently
under preparation jointly with Oleg Viro.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5100 </DOCNO>
Jamming, hysteresis and oscillation in scalar models for shear


  We investigate shear thickening and jamming within the framework of a family
of spatially homogeneous, scalar rheological models. These are based on the
`soft glassy rheology' model of Sollich et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2020
(1997)], but with an effective temperature x that is a decreasing function of
either the global stress \sigma or the local strain l. For appropiate
x=x(\sigma), it is shown that the flow curves include a region of negative
slope, around which the stress exhibits hysteresis under a cyclically varying
imposed strain rate \gd. A subclass of these x(\sigma) have flow curves that
touch the \gd=0 axis for a finite range of stresses; imposing a stress from
this range {\em jams} the system, in the sense that the strain \gamma creeps
only logarithmically with time t, \gamma(t)\sim\ln t. These same systems may
produce a finite asymptotic yield stress under an imposed strain, in a manner
that depends on the entire stress history of the sample, a phenomenon we refer
to as history--dependent jamming. In contrast, when x=x(l) the flow curves are
always monotonic, but we show that some x(l) generate an oscillatory strain
response for a range of steady imposed stresses. Similar spontaneous
oscillations are observed in a simplified model with fewer degrees of freedom.
We discuss this result in relation to the temporal instabilities observed in
rheological experiments and stick--slip behaviour found in other contexts, and
comment on the possible relationship with `delay differential equations' that
are known to produce oscillations and chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1789 </DOCNO>
Carlson-Goldman modes in the color superconducting phase of dense QCD


  We predict the existence of the gapless Carlson-Goldman modes in the
color-flavor locked color superconducting phase of dense QCD. These modes
resemble Nambu-Goldstone modes of the superconducting phase below the critical
temperature where the Anderson-Higgs mechanism takes place. These modes exist
in the broken phase in the vicinity of the critical line. Their presence does
not eliminate the Meissner effect. The effect of Landau damping on the width of
the Carlson-Goldman modes is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128977 </DOCNO>
Dissecting the luminosity function of the Coma cluster of galaxies using


  [Abridged] We determined the luminosity function (LF) of the Coma cluster
galaxies selected by luminosity, and the LF bi-variate in central brightness.
The Coma cluster and control fields were imaged using the CFH12K (42x28 arcmin)
and UH8K (28x28 arcmin) wide-field cameras at the CFHT. Selected HST images
were used for testing. Quantities were derived from measurements in at least
two colors, which have the following features: (1) Galaxies as faint as three
times the luminosity of the brightest globular clusters are in the completeness
region of our data. (2) We have a complete census (in the explored region) of
low surface brightness galaxies with central surface brightness galaxies almost
as low as the faintest so far cataloged ones. (3) The explored area is among
the largest ever sampled with CCDs at comparable depth for any cluster of
galaxies. (4) The error budget includes all sources of errors known to date.
Using HST images we also discovered that blends of globular clusters, not
resolved in individual components due to seeing, look like dwarf galaxies when
observed from the ground and are numerous and bright. The derived Coma LF is
relatively steep (alpha=-1.4) over the 11 magnitudes sampled, but the slope and
shape depend on color. A large population of faint low surface brightness
galaxies was discovered, representing the largest contributor (in number) to
the LF at faint magnitudes. We found a clear progression for a faintening of
the LF from high surface brightness galaxies (mu~20 mag/arcsec2) to galaxies of
very faint central brightnesses (mu~24.5 mag/arcsec2), and some evidence for a
steepening. Compact galaxies, usually classified as stars and therefore not
included in the LF, are found to be a minor population in Coma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75507 </DOCNO>
In-medium chiral perturbation theory beyond the mean-field approximation


  An explicit expression of the generating functional of two-flavor low-energy
QCD with external sources in the presence of non-vanishing nucleon densities
has been derived recently [1]. Within this approach we derive power counting
rules for the calculation of in-medium pion properties. We develop the
so-called standard rules for residual nucleon energies of the order of the pion
mass and a modified scheme (non-standard counting) for vanishing residual
nucleon energies. We also establish the different scales for the range of
applicability of this perturbative expansion, which are \sqrt{6}\pi f_\pi\simeq
0.7 GeV for the standard and 6\pi^2 f_\pi^2/2m_N\simeq 0.27 GeV for
non-standard counting, respectively. We have performed a systematic analysis of
n-point in-medium Green functions up to and including next-to-leading order
when the standard rules apply. These include the in-medium contributions to
quark condensates, pion propagators, pion masses and couplings of the
axial-vector, vector and pseudoscalar currents to pions. In particular, we find
a mass shift for negatively charged pions in heavy nuclei that agrees with
recent determinations from deeply bound pionic Pb-207. We have also established
the absence of in-medium renormalization in the \pi^0 \to \gamma\gamma decay
amplitude up to the same order. The study of \pi\pi scattering requires the use
of the non-standard counting and the calculation is done at leading order. Even
at that order we establish new contributions not considered so far. We also
point towards further possible improvements of this scheme and touch upon its
relation to more conventional many-body approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126651 </DOCNO>
Gradient Particle Magnetohydrodynamics


  We introduce Gradient Particle Magnetohydrodynamics (GPM), a new Lagrangian
method for magnetohydrodynamics based on gradients corrected for the locally
disordered particle distribution. The development of a numerical code for MHD
simulation using the GPM algorithm is outlined. Validation tests simulating
linear and nonlinear sound waves, linear MHD waves, advection of magnetic
fields in a magnetized vortex, hydrodynamical shocks, and three-dimensional
collapse are presented, demonstrating the viability of an MHD code using GPM.
The characteristics of a GPM code are discussed and possible avenues for
further development and refinement are mentioned. We conclude with a view of
how GPM may complement other methods currently in development for the next
generation of computational astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41020 </DOCNO>
Test of low-energy theorems for p(\vec{gamma},\pi^{0})p in the threshold


  The photon asymmetry in the reaction p(\vec{\gamma},\pi^{0})p close to
threshold has been measured for the first time with the photon spectrometer
TAPS using linearly polarized photons from the tagged-photon facility at the
Mainz Microtron MAMI. The total and differential cross sections were also
measured simultaneously with the photon asymmetry. This allowed determination
of the S-wave and all three P-wave amplitudes. The low-energy theorems based on
the parameter-free third-order calculations of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation
theory for P1 and P2 agree with the experimental values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74529 </DOCNO>
Interference effects in the decay \phi\to \pi^{0}\pi^{0}\gamma and the


  We study the radiative decay $\phi\to\pi^{0}\pi^{0}\gamma$ within the
framework of a phenomenological approach in which the contributions of
$\sigma$-meson, $\rho$-meson and $f_0$-meson are considered. We analyze the
interference effects between different contributions and utilizing the
experimental branching ratio for this decay we estimate the coupling constant
$g_{\phi\sigma\gamma}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125832 </DOCNO>
Stationary components of HeI in strong magnetic fields - a tool to


  In only three of the 61 known magnetic white dwarfs helium has been
identified unambiguously while about 20% of all non-magnetic stars of this
class are known to contain HeI or HeII. Until recently, data for HeI data were
available only for magnetic fields below 20MG. This changed with the
publication of extensive data by the group in Heidelberg. The corresponding
calculations have now been completed for the energetically lowest five states
of singlet and triplet symmetry for the subspaces with |m| <= 3; selected
calculations have been performed for even higher excitations. In strongly
magnetized white dwarfs only line components are visible whose wavelengths vary
slowly with respect to the magnetic field, particularly stationary components
which have a wavelength minimum or maximum in the range of the magnetic fields
strengths on the stellar surface. In view of the many ongoing surveys finding
white dwarfs we want to provide the astronomical community with a tool to
identify helium in white dwarfs for fields up to 5.3GG. To this end we present
all calculated helium line components whose wavelengths in the UV, optical, and
near IR vary slowly enough with respect to the field strength to produce
visible absorption features. We also list all stationary line components in
this spectral range. Finally, we find series of minima and maxima which occur
as a result of series of extremal transitions to increasingly higher
excitations. We estimated the limits for 8 series which can possibly give rise
to additional absorption in white dwarf spectra; one strong absorption feature
in GD229 which is yet unexplained by stationary components is very close to two
estimated series limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86654 </DOCNO>
Solution generating in scalar-tensor theories with a massless scalar


  We present a method for generating solutions in some scalar-tensor theories
with a minimally coupled massless scalar field or irrotational stiff perfect
fluid as a source. The method is based on the group of symmetries of the
dilaton-matter sector in the Einstein frame. In the case of Barker's theory the
dilaton-matter sector possesses SU(2) group of symmetries. In the case of
Brans-Dicke and the theory with "conformal coupling", the dilaton- matter
sector has $SL(2,R)$ as a group of symmetries. We describe an explicit
algorithm for generating exact scalar-tensor solutions from solutions of
Einstein-minimally-coupled-scalar-field equations by employing the nonlinear
action of the symmetry group of the dilaton-matter sector. In the general case,
when the Einstein frame dilaton-matter sector may not possess nontrivial
symmetries we also present a solution generating technique which allows us to
construct exact scalar-tensor solutions starting with the solutions of
Einstein-minimally-coupled-scalar-field equations. As an illustration of the
general techniques, examples of explicit exact solutions are constructed. In
particular, we construct inhomogeneous cosmological scalar-tensor solutions
whose curvature invariants are everywhere regular in space-time. A
generalization of the method for scalar-tensor-Maxwell gravity is outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125603 </DOCNO>
Ionization Structure and the Reverse Shock in E0102-72


  The young oxygen-rich supernova remnant E0102-72 in the Small Magellanic
Cloud has been observed with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer
of Chandra. The high resolution X-ray spectrum reveals images of the remnant in
the light of individual emission lines of oxygen, neon, magnesium and silicon.
The peak emission region for hydrogen-like ions lies at larger radial distance
from the SNR center than the corresponding helium-like ions, suggesting passage
of the ejecta through the "reverse shock". We examine models which test this
interpretation, and we discuss the implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97808 </DOCNO>
On orbifold elliptic genus


  We define orbifold elliptic genus for general orbifolds which generalizes the
definition of Borisov and Libgober, and prove their rigidity property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179088 </DOCNO>
Current Status of Quark Gluon Plasma Signals


  Compelling evidence for the creation of a new form of matter has been claimed
to be found in Pb+Pb collisions at SPS. We discuss the uniqueness of often
proposed experimental signatures for quark matter formation in relativistic
heavy ion collisions. It is demonstrated that so far none of the proposed
signals like J\psi meson production/suppression, strangeness enhancement,
dileptons, and directed flow unambigiously show that a phase of deconfined
matter has been formed in SPS Pb+Pb collisions. We emphasize the need for
systematic future measurements to search for simultaneous irregularities in the
excitation functions of several observables in order to come close to pinning
the properties of hot, dense QCD matter from data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2638 </DOCNO>
Effect of the electric field on a superconducting powder


  We find that in the presence of an electric field there is an attractive
intergrain interaction in superconductors which is small. When charge on the
ball is permitted to vary with the ball radius, very large balls can be formed.
The pairing energy makes the ball compact and hence reduces the size of the
ball compared with the classical value. The ball radius depends on the gap of
the superconductor due to Josephson tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3735 </DOCNO>
29-Si NMR and Hidden Order in URu2Si2


  We present new 29-Si NMR spectra in URu2Si2 for varying temperature T, and
external field H. On lowering T, the systematics of the low-field lineshape and
width reveal an extra component (lambda) to the linewidth below T_N ~ 17 K not
observed previously. We find that lambda is magnetic-field independent and
dominates the low-field lineshape for all orientations of H with respect to the
tetragonal c axis. The behavior of lambda indicates a direct relationship
between the 29-Si spin and the transition at T_N, but it is inconsistent with a
coupling of the nuclei to static antiferromagnetic order/disorder of the U-spin
magnetization. This leads us to conjecture that lambda is due to a coupling of
29-Si to the system's hidden-order parameter. A possible coupling mechanism
involving charge degrees of freedom and indirect nuclear spin/spin interactions
is proposed. We also propose further experiments to test for the existence of
this coupling mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127127 </DOCNO>
Hot Outflowing Gas from the X-ray Binary Hercules X-1


  We present a unified picture of outflowing gas from the X-ray binary system
Hercules X-1/HZ Herculis. We suggest that the outflowing gas (a wind) causes UV
emission seen in mid-eclipse, narrow UV absorption lines, and broad UV P Cygni
lines. Observations with the FOS and STIS spectrographs on the Hubble Space
Telescope (HST) show UV emission lines in the middle of X-ray eclipse, when the
X-ray heated atmosphere of the normal star and accretion disk should be
entirely hidden from view. Narrow absorption lines (FWHM~50 km/s) blueshifted
by 500 km/s during observations in 1998 and by 400 km/s during observations in
1999 were seen from phi=0.0-0.3. The line velocity was constant to within 20
km/s. The P Cygni profiles from Hercules~X-1 have optical depths tau<1 with a
maximum expansion velocity of 600 km/s, and are seen in the resonance lines N V
1238.8,1242.8, Si IV 1393.7,1402.8, and C IV 1548.2, 1550.8. We discuss whether
this wind originates in the accretion disk or on the companion star, and how
the relevant ions can survive X-ray ionization by the neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6135 </DOCNO>
Temperature and magnetic field dependence of superconductivity in


  We study pairing correlations in ultrasmall superconductor in the nanoscopic
limit by means of a toy model where electrons are confined in a single,
multiply degenerate energy level. We solve the model exactly to investigate the
temperature and magnetic field dependence of number parity effect (dependence
of ground state energy on evenness or oddness of the number of electrons). We
find a different parity effect parameter to critical temperature ratio (=~ 4
rather than 3.5) which turns out to be consistent with exact solution of the
BCS gap equation for our model. This suggest the equivalence between the parity
effect parameter and the superconducting gap. We also find that magnetic field
is suppressed as temperature increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97273 </DOCNO>
Orbifold Hodge Numbers of Calabi-Yau Hypersurfaces


  We identify the twisted sectors of a compact simplicial toric variety. We do
the same for a generic nondegenerate Calabi-Yau hypersurface of an
$n$-dimensional simplicial Fano toric variety and then explicitly compute
$h^{1,1}_{orb}$ and $h^{n-2,1}_{orb}$ for the hypersurface. We give
applications to the orbifold string theory conjecture and orbifold mirror
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 207 </DOCNO>
Stick-slip friction and nucleation dynamics of ultra-thin liquid films


  We develop the theory for stick-slip motion in ultra-thin liquid films
confined between two moving atomically-flat surfaces. Our model is based on
hydrodynamic equation for the flow coupled to the dynamic order parameter field
describing the ``shear melting and freezing'' of the confined fluid. This model
successfully accounts for observed phenomenology of friction in ultra-thin
films, including periodic and chaotic sequences of slips, transitions from
stick-slip motion to steady sliding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127910 </DOCNO>
FUSE observations of the Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy Mrk 59


  New FUSE far-UV spectroscopy of the nearby metal-deficient (Zsun/8) cometary
Blue Compact Dwarf (BCD) galaxy Markarian (Mrk) 59 is discussed. The data are
used to investigate element abundances in its interstellar medium. The H I
absorption lines are characterized by narrow cores which are interstellar in
origin and by broad wings which are stellar in origin. The mean interstellar H
I column density is ~ 7x10E20 cm-2 in Mrk 59. No H2 lines are seen and N(H2) is
< 10E15 cm-2 at the 10 sigma level. The lack of diffuse H2 is due to the
combined effect of a strong UV radiation field which destroys the H2 molecules
and a low metallicity which leads to a scarcity of dust grains necessary for H2
formation. P-Cygni profiles of the S VI 933.4, 944.5 A and O VI 1031.9, 1037.6
A lines are seen, indicating the presence of very hot O stars and a stellar
wind terminal velocity of ~ 1000 km/s. By fitting the line profiles with
multiple components having each a velocity dispersion b = 7 km/s and spanning a
radial velocity range of 100 km/s, some of which can be saturated, we derive
heavy element abundances in the neutral gas. We find log N(O I)/N(H I) =
-5.0+/-0.3 or [O I/H I] = -1.5 for the neutral gas, about a factor of 10 below
the oxygen abundance of the supergiant H II region, implying self-enrichment of
the latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3853 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen Bonds, Hydrophobicity Forces and the Character of the Collapse


  We study the thermodynamic behavior of a model protein with 54 amino acids
that is designed to form a three-helix bundle in its native state. The model
contains three types of amino acids and five to six atoms per amino acid, and
has the Ramachandran torsion angles as its only degrees of freedom. The force
field is based on hydrogen bonds and effective hydrophobicity forces. We study
how the character of the collapse transition depends on the strengths of these
forces. For a suitable choice of these two parameters, it is found that the
collapse transition is first-order-like and coincides with the folding
transition. Also shown is that the corresponding one- and two-helix segments
make less stable secondary structure than the three-helix sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6482 </DOCNO>
Polaronic Signatures in Mid-Infrared Spectra: Prediction for LaMnO3 and


  Hole-doped LaMnO3 and electron-doped CaMnO3 form self-trapped electronic
states. The spectra of these states have been calculated using a two orbital
(Mn eg Jahn-Teller) model, from which the non-adiabatic optical conductivity
spectra are obtained. In both cases the optical spectrum contains weight in the
gap region, whose observation will indicate the self-trapped nature of the
carrier states. The predicted spectra are proportional to the concentration of
the doped carriers in the dilute regime, with coefficients calculated with no
further model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96380 </DOCNO>
Prescribing a fourth order conformal invariant on the standard sphere,


  In this paper we perform a fine blow-up analysis for a fourth order elliptic
equation involving critical Sobolev exponent, related to the prescription of
some conformal invariant on the standard sphere. We derive from this analysis
some a priori estimates in dimension 5 and 6. On the five dimensionl sphere
these a priori estimates combined with the perturbation result of Part I allow
us to obtain some existence results. On the six dimensional sphere we prove the
existence of at least one solution when an associated index is different from
zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149873 </DOCNO>
Dirac-K\"Ahler Equation


  Tensor, matrix and quaternion formulations of Dirac-K\"ahler equation for
massive and massless fields are considered. The equation matrices obtained are
simple linear combinations of matrix elements in the 16-dimensional space. The
projection matrix-dyads defining all the 16 independent equation solutions are
found. A method of computing the traces of 16-dimensional Petiau-Duffin-Kemmer
matrix product is considered. We show that the symmetry group of the
Dirac-K\"ahler tensor fields for charged particles is SO(4,2). The conservation
currents corresponding this symmetry are constructed. We analyze
transformations of the Lorentz group and quaternion fields. Supersymmetry of
the Dirac-K\"ahler fields with tensor and spinor parameters is investigated. We
show the possibility of constructing a gauge model of interacting
Dirac-K\"ahler fields where the gauge group is the noncompact group under
consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5873 </DOCNO>
Diffusion of a Deformable Body in a Randomly Stirred Host Fluid


  Consider a deformable body immersed in an incompressible liquid that is
randomly stirred. Sticking to physical situations in which the body departs
only slightly from its spherical shape, we investigate the motion of the body,
calculate its mean squared displacement for a correlation function of general
form and consider several usefull families of correlation functions. We also
consider, in detail, the case of thermal agitation and the validity of the
small deformation approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168800 </DOCNO>
How to share a continuous-variable quantum secret by optical


  We develop the theory of continuous-variable quantum secret sharing and
propose its interferometric realization using passive and active optical
elements. In the ideal case of infinite squeezing, a fidelity ${\cal F}$ of
unity can be achieved with respect to reconstructing the quantum secret. We
quantify the reduction in fidelity for the (2,3) threshold scheme due to finite
squeezing and establish the condition for verifying that genuine quantum secret
sharing has occurred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2341 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle Hall Transport of d-wave Superconductors in Vortex State


  We present a theory of quasiparticle Hall transport in strongly type-II
superconductors within their vortex state. We establish the existence of
integer quantum spin Hall effect in clean unconventional $d_{x^2-y^2}$
superconductors in the vortex state from a general analysis of the
Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation. The spin Hall conductivity $\sigma^s_{xy}$ is
shown to be quantized in units of $\frac{\hbar}{8\pi}$. This result does not
rest on linearization of the BdG equations around Dirac nodes and therefore
includes inter-nodal physics in its entirety. In addition, this result holds
for a generic inversion-symmetric lattice of vortices as long as the magnetic
field $B$ satisfies $H_{c1} \ll B \ll H_{c2}$. We then derive the
Wiedemann-Franz law for the spin and thermal Hall conductivity in the vortex
state. In the limit of $T \to 0$, the thermal Hall conductivity satisfies
$\kappa_{x y}=\frac{4\pi^2}{3}(\frac{k_B}{\hbar})^2 T \sigma^s_{xy}$. The
transitions between different quantized values of $\sigma^s_{xy}$ as well as
relation to conventional superconductors are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113407 </DOCNO>
The cosmic origin of quantum mechanics


  In this paper, the base of quantum mechanics is the spontaneous tendency for
a microscopic object to fractionalize instantly into quasistates and condense
instantly quasistates. This quasistate is equivalent to the eigenfunction. An
object with the fractionalization-condensation is equivalent to the unitary
wavefunction. Nonlocal operation is explicitly required to maintain
communication among all quasistates regardless of distance during the
fractionalization process. Interference effect is explicitly required for the
condensation of quasistates. The collapse of the fractionalization-condensation
is explicitly required when the fractionalization-condensation is disrupted.
The cosmic origin of quantum mechanics is derived from the cyclic
fractionalization-condensation in the cyclic universe, consisting of the
unobservable cosmic vacuum and the observable universe. The cyclic
fractionalization-condensation allows quasistates to appear cyclically rather
than simultaneously. The cosmic vacuum involves the gradual cyclic
fractionalization-condensation between the high energy eleven dimensional and
low energy four dimensional spacetime. The observable universe involves the
drastic cyclic fractionalization-condensation consisting of the cosmic instant
fractionalization (the big bang) into various dimensional particles and the
expansion-contraction by mostly cosmic radiation and gravity. The cosmic
instant fractionalization leads to the microscopic instant
fractionalization-condensation (the standard quantum mechanics) that allows all
quasistates from an object to appear simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99183 </DOCNO>
On a nonlinear fourth order elliptic equation involving the Sobolev


  In this paper we use an algebraic topological argument due to Bahri and Coron
to show how the topology of the domain influences the existence of positive
solutions of some fourth order elliptic equation involving the critical Sobolev
exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128952 </DOCNO>
The evolution of field early-type galaxies to z~0.7


  We have measured the Fundamental Plane (FP) parameters for a sample of 30
field early-type galaxies (E/S0) in the redshift range 0.1<z<0.66. We find
that: i) the FP is defined and tight out to the highest redshift bin; ii) the
intercept \gamma evolves as d\gamma/dz=0.58+0.09-0.13 (for \Omega=0.3,
\Omega_{\Lambda}=0.7), or, in terms of average effective mass to light ratio,
as d\log(M/L_B)/dz=-0.72+0.11-0.16, i.e. faster than is observed for cluster
E/S0 -0.49+-0.05. In addition, we detect [OII] emission >5\AA in 22% of an
enlarged sample of 42 massive E/S0 in the range 0.1<z<0.73, in contrast with
the quiescent population observed in clusters at similar z. We interpret these
findings as evidence that a significant fraction of massive field E/S0
experiences secondary episodes of star-formation at z<1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3373 </DOCNO>
Evolution of networks


  We review the recent fast progress in statistical physics of evolving
networks. Interest has focused mainly on the structural properties of random
complex networks in communications, biology, social sciences and economics. A
number of giant artificial networks of such a kind came into existence
recently. This opens a wide field for the study of their topology, evolution,
and complex processes occurring in them. Such networks possess a rich set of
scaling properties. A number of them are scale-free and show striking
resilience against random breakdowns. In spite of large sizes of these
networks, the distances between most their vertices are short --- a feature
known as the ``small-world'' effect. We discuss how growing networks
self-organize into scale-free structures and the role of the mechanism of
preferential linking. We consider the topological and structural properties of
evolving networks, and percolation in these networks. We present a number of
models demonstrating the main features of evolving networks and discuss current
approaches for their simulation and analytical study. Applications of the
general results to particular networks in Nature are discussed. We demonstrate
the generic connections of the network growth processes with the general
problems of non-equilibrium physics, econophysics, evolutionary biology, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1680 </DOCNO>
Density-Matrix Spectra of Solvable Fermionic Systems


  We consider non-interacting fermions on a lattice and give a general result
for the reduced density matrices corresponding to parts of the system. This
allows to calculate their spectra, which are essential in the DMRG method, by
diagonalizing small matrices. We discuss these spectra and their typical
features for various fermionic quantum chains and for the two-dimensional
tight-binding model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41746 </DOCNO>
Determination of |Vcb| using the semileptonic decay \bar{B}^0 -->


  We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix
element |Vcb| using a 10.2 fb^{-1} data sample recorded at the \Upsilon(4S)
resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e^+e^- storage ring.
By extrapolating the differential decay width of the \bar{B}^0 -->
D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu} decay to the kinematic limit at which the D^{*+} is at rest
with respect to the \bar{B}^0, we extract the product of |Vcb| with the
normalization of the decay form factor F(1), |Vcb |F(1)=
(3.54+/-0.19+/-0.18)x10^{-2}, where the first error is statistical and the
second is systematic. A value of |Vcb| = (3.88+/-0.21+/-0.20+/-0.19)x10^{-2} is
obtained using a theoretical calculation of F(1), where the third error is due
to the theoretical uncertainty in the value of F(1). The branching fraction
B(\bar{B}^0 --> D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu}) is measured to be
(4.59+/-0.23+/-0.40)x10^{-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113361 </DOCNO>
Is space-time curved


  Whether the space-time is curved or not? The experimental criterions to judge
this point are: (1) The results of three classical relativistic experiments in
essence are favorable to the special relativistic gravitational theory (base in
the flat space-time). However they are unfavorable to the general relativity.
(2) In the Gravity Probe-B experiment: the gyroscope precession rate of the
orbital effect deduced from the special relativistic gravitational theory
=(2/3)* the precession rate of geodetic effect deduced from the general
relativity, the precession rate of the earth rotation effect deduced from the
special relativistic gravitational theory =(3/2)* the square of cos(phi)* the
precession rate of the frame-dragging effect deduced from the general
relativity, where (phi) is the angle between the projection of gyroscope
angular velocity in the equatorial plane and the normal line of orbital plane.
If the experimental values are identical with the predictive values deduced
from the special relativistic gravitational theory, then the space-time is
flat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76561 </DOCNO>
Chapman-Enskog expansion of the Boltzmann equation and its diagrammatic


  We perform a Chapman-Enskog expansion of the Boltzmann equation keeping up to
quadratic contributions. We obtain a generalized nonlinear Kubo formula, and a
set of integral equations which resum ladder and extended ladder diagrams. We
show that these two equations have exactly the same structure, and thus provide
a diagrammatic interpretation of the Chapman-Enskog expansion of the Boltzmann
equation, up to quadratic order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4598 </DOCNO>
ESR study of (Sr,La,Ca)_{14}Cu_{24}O_{41}


  We report an electron spin resonance (ESR) study of single crystals of the
spin-chain spin-ladder compound (Sr,La,Ca)_{14}Cu_{24}O_{41}. The data suggest
that in intrinsically hole doped Sr_{14-x}Ca_xCu_{24}O_{41} only a small amount
of holes is transferred from the chains to the ladders with increasing x,
resulting in a crossover from spin dimerized to uniform spin chains. In the
samples of La_{14-x}Ca_xCu_{24}O_{41} with reduced hole content a very broad
signal is observed in the paramagnetic state, indicative of a surprisingly
strong anisotropy of the nearest neighbor exchange in the chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85675 </DOCNO>
Probing Quantum General Relativity Through Exactly Soluble


  Canonical quantization of the polarized Gowdy midi-superspace with a 3-torus
spatial topology is carried out. As in an earlier work on the Einstein-Rosen
cylindrical waves, symmetry reduction is used to cast the original problem in
4-dimensional space-times to a 3-dimensional setting. To our knowledge, this is
the first complete, systematic treatment of the Gowdy model in the
geometrodynamical setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113914 </DOCNO>
Sub-nanosecond, time-resolved, broadband infrared spectroscopy using


  A facility for sub-nanosecond time-resolved (pump-probe) infrared
spectroscopy has been developed at the National Synchrotron Light Source of
Brookhaven National Laboratory. A mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser produces 2 ps
duration, tunable near-IR pump pulses synchronized to probe pulses from a
synchrotron storage ring. The facility is unique on account of the broadband
infrared from the synchrotron, which allows the entire spectral range from 2
cm-1 (0.25 meV) to 20,000 cm-1 (2.5 eV) to be probed. A temporal resolution of
200 ps, limited by the infrared synchrotron-pulse duration, is achieved. A
maximum time delay of 170 ns is available without gating the infrared detector.
To illustrate the performance of the facility, a measurement of electron-hole
recombination dynamics for an HgCdTe semiconductor film in the far- and mid
infrared range is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3107 </DOCNO>
Two-point correlation function in systems with van der Waals type


  The behavior of the bulk two-point correlation function $G({\bf r};T|d)$ in
$d$-dimensional system with van der Waals type interactions is investigated and
its consequences on the finite-size scaling properties of the susceptibility in
such finite systems with periodic boundary conditions is discussed within
mean-spherical model which is an example of Ornstein and Zernike type theory.
The interaction is supposed to decay at large distances $r$ as
$r^{-(d+\sigma)}$, with $2<d<4$, $2<\sigma<4$ and $d+\sigma \le 6$. It is shown
that $G({\bf r};T|d)$ decays as $r^{-(d-2)}$ for $1\ll r\ll \xi$, exponentially
for $\xi\ll r \ll r^*$, where $r^*=(\sigma-2)\xi \ln \xi$, and again in a power
law as $r^{-(d+\sigma)}$ for $r\gg r^*$. The analytical form of the
leading-order scaling function of $G({\bf r};T|d)$ in any of these regimes is
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7608 </DOCNO>
On the Selection and Evolution of Regulatory DNA Motifs


  The mutation and selection of regulatory DNA sequences is presented as an
unique model system of molecular evolution where genotype, phenotype, and
fitness can be explicitly and independently characterized. In this theoretical
study, we construct an explicit model for the evolution of regulatory
sequences, making use of the known biophysics of the binding of regulatory
proteins to DNA sequences, under the assumption that fitness of a sequence
depends only on its binding affinity to the regulatory protein. The model is
confined to the mean field (i.e., infinite population size) limit. Using
realistic values for all parameters, we determine the minimum fitness advantage
needed to maintain a binding sequence, demonstrating explicitly the ``error
threshold'' below which a binding sequence cannot survive the accumulated
effect of mutation over long time. The commonly observed ``fuzziness'' in
binding motifs arises naturally as a consequence of the balance between
selection and mutation in our model. In addition, we devise a simple model for
the evolution of multiple binding sequences in a given regulatory region. We
find the number of evolutionarily stable binding sequences to appear in a
step-like fashion for increasing fitness advantage, if multiple regulatory
proteins can synergistically enhance gene transcription. We discuss possible
experimental approaches to resolve open questions raised by our study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96219 </DOCNO>
A functor-valued invariant of tangles


  We construct a family of rings. To a plane diagram of a tangle we associate a
complex of bimodules over these rings. Chain homotopy equivalence class of this
complex is an invariant of the tangle. On the level of Grothendieck groups this
invariant descends to the Kauffman bracket of the tangle. When the tangle is a
link, our invariant specializes to the bigraded cohomology theory introduced in
our previous work math.QA/9908171.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128045 </DOCNO>
Probing the OVI forest


  Recent FUSE and STIS observations of OVI absorption at low redshift along the
sightline to distant quasars have been interpreted as the signature of a
warm-hot diffuse component of the intergalactic medium (IGM). In these
proceedings we show that the predicted numbers of such absorbers in numerical
simulations agree with the observed characteristics, lending support to this
idea. We find that collisionally ionized lines tend to be stronger and wider,
while photo-ionized absorbers are weaker and narrower. We also find that a
comparison of the predicted distribution of line widths to that observed is
marginally too low.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124786 </DOCNO>
A Fast Technique for the Creation of Large-Scale High-Resolution IRAS


  HIRES processing provides a significant improvement in both resolution and
image quality over previous IRAS image products, but the characteristics of the
HIRES beam make accurate comparisons between the various IRAS bandpasses and
between HIRES data and data at other wavelengths non-trivial. We present a new,
fast technique for the construction of HIRES beam-matched images that is
especially well suited for the creation of large-scale (several square degrees)
ratio maps. Other techniques for the construction of ratio maps are discussed
and compared with the new algorithm. Examples of the large-scale ratio maps
that can be constructed using this new technique are presented. The algorithm's
application to the construction of multiwavelength difference images and
multi-colour images is also demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5860 </DOCNO>
What is the fate of the heavy electron at a quantum critical point?


  A growing body of evidence suggests that the quantum critical behavior at the
onset of magnetism in heavy fermion systems can not be understood in terms of a
simple quantum spin density wave. This talk will discuss the consequences of
this conclusion, touching on its possible implications in the realm of two
dimensional systems and outlining current theoretical and experimental efforts
to characterize the nature of the critical point in heavy fermion materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74464 </DOCNO>
Hunting the Higgs Boson(s)


  I give a brief review of some of the opportunities and challenges that could
arise in our quest to unravel the Higgs sector that very probably underlies
electroweak symmetry breaking. In particular, I review scenarios with an
extended Higgs sector that allow for a heavy SM-like Higgs boson and/or make
discovery more difficult while at the same time maintaining consistency with
current limits and precision electroweak constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127733 </DOCNO>
Supernova SN1987A Revisited as a Major Production Site for r-Process


  The origin of nucleosynthesis products of rapid neutron capture reactions
(the r-process) is a longstanding astrophysical problem. Recent analyses of
elemental abundances for extremely metal-poor stars shed light on the elemental
abundances of individual supernovae. Comparison of the abundance distributions
of some extremely metal-poor stars with those of the best-observed supernova SN
1987A clearly indicates that the overabundances of barium and strontium found
in SN 1987A that have been ascribed to the slow neutron capture process must be
results of r-process nucleosynthesis. The mass of freshly synthesized barium in
SN 1987A is estimated to be 6x10^-6 solar mass based on the observed surface
abundance and detailed hydrodynamical models for this supernova. These new
findings lead to the conclusion that 20 solar mass stars, one of which is the
progenitor star of SN 1987A, are the predominant production sites for r-process
elements in the Galaxy and the r-process element donors for notable
neutron-capture-rich giant stars, CS22892-052 and CS31082-001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179554 </DOCNO>
Charge-Symmetry Violation in Pion Scattering from Three-Body Nuclei


  We discuss the experimental and theoretical status of charge-symmetry
violation (CSV) in the elastic scattering of pi+ and pi- on 3H and 3He.
Analysis of the experimental data for the ratios r1, r2, and R at Tpi = 142,
180, 220, and 256 MeV provides evidence for the presence of CSV. We describe
pion scattering from the three-nucleon system in terms of single- and
double-scattering amplitudes. External and internal Coulomb interactions as
well as the Delta-mass splitting are taken into account as sources of CSV.
Reasonable agreement between our theoretical calculations and the experimental
data is obtained for Tpi = 180, 220, and 256 MeV. For these energies, it is
found that the Delta-mass splitting and the internal Coulomb interaction are
the most important contributions for CSV in the three-nucleon system. The CSV
effects are rather sensitive to the choice of pion-nuclear scattering
mechanisms, but at the same time, our theoretical predictions are much less
sensitive to the choice of the nuclear wave function. It is found, however,
that data for r2 and R at Tpi = 142 MeV do not agree with the predictions of
our model, which may indicate that there are additional mechanisms for CSV
which are important only at lower energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41316 </DOCNO>
Search for Heavy Isosinglet Neutrino in e+e- Annihilation at LEP


  We report on a search for the first generation heavy neutrino that is an
isosinglet under the standard SU(2)_L gauge group. The data collected with the
L3 detector at center-of-mass energies between 130 GeV and 208 GeV are used.The
decay channel N_e --> eW is investigated and no evidence is found for a heavy
neutrino, N_e, in a mass range between 80 GeV and 205 GeV. Upper limits on the
mixing parameter between the heavy and light neutrino are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97031 </DOCNO>
Groebner bases in Orlik-Solomon algebras


  The Orlik-Solomon algebra OS(M) of a matroid M is the exterior algebra on the
points, modulo the ideal I(M) generated by the circuit boundaries. We construct
all the reduced Groebner basis of the ideal I(M). We prove that the set of
circuit boundaries is a universal Groebner basis of I(M). Every ordering of the
points of M determines a canonical basis of
 OS(M), termed in the literature as the ``no broken circuit basis''. We give
here a characterization of these bases in terms of the reduced Groebner bases
of Im(M). We give a short proof that there is an exact splitting sequence,
relating the modules OS(M\x), OS(M) and OS(M/x), for every point x of M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97723 </DOCNO>
A counterexample to a multilinear endpoint question of Christ and


  Christ and Kiselev have established that the generalized eigenfunctions of
one-dimensional Dirac operators with $L^p$ potential $F$ are bounded for almost
all energies for $p < 2$. Roughly speaking, the proof involved writing these
eigenfunctions as a multilinear series $\sum_n T_n(F, ..., F)$ and carefully
bounding each term $T_n(F, ..., F)$. It is conjectured that the results of
Christ and Kiselev also hold for $L^2$ potentials $F$. However in this note we
show that the bilinear term $T_2(F,F)$ and the trilinear term $T_3(F,F,F)$ are
badly behaved on $L^2$, which seems to indicate that multilinear expansions are
not the right tool for tackling this endpoint case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40954 </DOCNO>
Transition to the region of central collisions and critical phenomena


  The experimental results on the relation between the processes of total
disintegration of nuclei (or the cases with central collisions) and the
critical phenomena which can occur in the region of high degree of nuclear
disintegration or of collision centrality are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76908 </DOCNO>
Inflation


  Inflationary cosmology is reviewed. Particular attention is given to
processes of creation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128619 </DOCNO>
Detecting HeliumII reionization from a sudden injection of entropy in


  The temperature of the low-density intergalactic medium is set by the balance
between adiabatic cooling resulting from the expansion of the universe, and
photo-heating by the UV-background. A sudden injection of entropy from the
reionization will increase the temperature of the gas, leading to a broadening
of the hydrogen Lyman-alpha absorption lines produced in the IGM, and observed
in the spectra of background quasars. We present a method based on wavelets to
characterise objectively the line widths of such absorption lines. We use high
resolution hydrodynamical simulations to demonstrate that the algorithm can
detect changes in temperature of order of 50 per cent on scales > 5000 km/s. We
apply the method to a UVES/VLT spectrum of quasar 0055--269 (emission
redshift=3.7) and detect at the 99 per cent confidence level a sudden increase
in temperature below redshift z=3.3, which we interpret as evidence for
HeliumII reionization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83869 </DOCNO>
National Information Infrastructure Development in Canada and the U.S.:


  This exploratory and descriptive research compares the policy-making
processes and policy recommendations regarding universal service and universal
access developed by the U.S. National Information Infrastructure Advisory
Council (NIIAC) and the Canadian Information Highway Advisory Council (IHAC) in
conjunction with related federal government agencies. Created in 1993 and 1994,
respectively, the Councils were charged with "bringing forward" the concepts of
universal service and universal access to adjust to the effects of
deregulation, new and converged Information and Communication Technologies
(ICTs), and neo-liberal economic competition and globalization that included
acknowledging the private sector as the primary creator of the Information
Highway.This qualitative study used as its methodology organizational, policy,
narrative, and discourse analyses to create a picture of what universal service
and universal access were and what they became in the hands of NIIAC, IHAC. The
U.S. had started with a more clearly defined universal service tradition than
Canada, and undertook a more complex policy-making process with more
experienced personnel. It was also clear that IHAC had in many ways followed
the U.S. model and arrived at many similar recommendations as NIIAC. Because of
the inevitability of technical, economic, and social change related to the
Information Highway, no definitive outcome to the Universal Service and
Universal Access "story" can be determined. Because the Canadian government did
not follow up on some of IHAC's most crucial recommendations, the Canadian
Information Highway "story," in particular, has been left less complete than
that of the U.S.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86283 </DOCNO>
Null Geodesics in Five Dimensional Manifolds


  We analyze a class of 5D non-compact warped-product spaces characterized by
metrics that depend on the extra coordinate via a conformal factor. Our model
is closely related to the so-called canonical coordinate gauge of Mashhoon et
al. We confirm that if the 5D manifold in our model is Ricci-flat, then there
is an induced cosmological constant in the 4D sub-manifold. We derive the
general form of the 5D Killing vectors and relate them to the 4D Killing
vectors of the embedded spacetime. We then study the 5D null geodesic paths and
show that the 4D part of the motion can be timelike -- that is, massless
particles in 5D can be massive in 4D. We find that if the null trajectories are
affinely parameterized in 5D, then the particle is subject to an anomalous
acceleration or fifth force. However, this force may be removed by
reparameterization, which brings the correct definition of the proper time into
question. Physical properties of the geodesics -- such as rest mass variations
induced by a variable cosmological ``constant'', constants of the motion and 5D
time-dilation effects -- are discussed and are shown to be open to experimental
or observational investigation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124095 </DOCNO>
The prompt energy release of gamma-ray bursts using a cosmological


  The fluences of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are measured with a variety of
instruments in different detector energy ranges. A detailed comparison of the
implied energy releases of the GRB sample requires, then, an accurate
accounting of this diversity in fluence measurements which properly corrects
for the redshifting of GRB spectra. Here, we develop a methodology to
``k-correct'' the implied prompt energy release of a GRB to a fixed co-moving
bandpass. This allows us to homogenize the prompt energy release of 17
cosmological GRBs (using published redshifts, fluences, and spectra) to two
common co-moving bandpasses: 20-2000 keV and 0.1 keV-10 MeV (``bolometric'').
While the overall distribution of GRB energy releases does not change
significantly by using a k-correction, we show that uncorrected energy
estimates systematically undercounts the bolometric energy by ~5% to 600%,
depending on the particular GRB. We find that the median bolometric
isotropic-equivalent prompt energy release is 2.2 x 10^{53} erg with an r.m.s.
scatter of 0.80 dex. The typical estimated uncertainty on a given k-corrected
energy measurement is ~20%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98855 </DOCNO>
From Double Hecke algebra to Fourier transform


  The paper contains a systematic theory of the one-dimensional Double Hecke
algebra, including applications to the difference Fourier transform,
Macdonald's polynomials, Gaussian sums at roots of unity, and Verlinde
algebras. The main result is the classification of finite-dimensional
representations for generic q and at roots of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123929 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a bipolar and highly variable mass outflow from the


  A highly and rapidly variable bipolar mass outflow from StHa 190 has been
discovered, the first time in a yellow symbiotic star. Permitted emission lines
are flanked by symmetrical jet features and multi-component P-Cyg profiles,
with velocities up to 300 km/sec. Given the high orbital inclination of the
binary, if the jets leave the system nearly perpendicular to the orbital plane,
the de-projected velocity equals or exceeds the escape velocity (1000 km/sec).
StHa190 looks quite peculiar in many other respects: the hot component is an
O-type sub-dwarf without an accretion disk or a veiling nebular continuum and
the cool component is a G7 III star rotating at a spectacular 105 km/sec unseen
by a large margin in field G giants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123370 </DOCNO>
The Bell Laboratories (13)CO Survey: Longitude-Velocity Maps


  A survey is presented of the Galactic plane in the J=1-0 transition of
(13)CO. About 73,000 spectra were obtained with the 7 m telescope at Bell
Laboratories over a ten-year period. The coverage of survey is (l, b) = (-5 to
117, -1 to +1), or 244 square degrees, with a grid spacing of 3' for |b| < 0.5,
and a grid spacing of 6' for |b| > 0.5. The data presented here have been
resampled onto a 3' grid. For 0.68 km/s channels, the rms noise level of the
survey is 0.1 K on the $T_R^*$ scale. The raw data have been transformed into
FITS format, and all the reduction processes, such as correcting for emission
in the reference positions, baseline removal and interpolation were conducted
within IRAF using the FCRAO task package and additional programs. The reduced
data are presented here in the form of longitude-velocity color maps at each
latitude. These data allow identification and classification of molecular
clouds with masses in excess of ~ 1,000 solar masses throughout the first
quadrant of the Galaxy. Spiral structure is manifested by the locations of the
largest and brightest molecular clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83970 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic analysis of a differential equation for linear programming


  In this paper we address the complexity of solving linear programming
problems with a set of differential equations that converge to a fixed point
that represents the optimal solution. Assuming a probabilistic model, where the
inputs are i.i.d. Gaussian variables, we compute the distribution of the
convergence rate to the attracting fixed point. Using the framework of Random
Matrix Theory, we derive a simple expression for this distribution in the
asymptotic limit of large problem size. In this limit, we find that the
distribution of the convergence rate is a scaling function, namely it is a
function of one variable that is a combination of three parameters: the number
of variables, the number of constraints and the convergence rate, rather than a
function of these parameters separately. We also estimate numerically the
distribution of computation times, namely the time required to reach a vicinity
of the attracting fixed point, and find that it is also a scaling function.
Using the problem size dependence of the distribution functions, we derive high
probability bounds on the convergence rates and on the computation times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126001 </DOCNO>
The nuclear starburst activity in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 7679


  We present our recent spectrophotometric results of the infrared luminous
Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 7679. We find compelling evidence of the presence of a
recent nuclear starburst, revealed by the observations of a) the spectral
features of high order Balmer absorption lines, b) the weak equivalent widths
for CaIIK $\lambda$3933, CN $\lambda$4200, G-band $\lambda$4300 and MgIb
$\lambda$5173, and c) the suggested UV stellar wind resonance lines (N V
$\lambda$1240, Si IV $\lambda$1400 and C IV $\lambda$1550) in the IUE spectrum.
Using the simple stellar population synthesis model, we find that in the
nuclear 2" $\times$ 2" region, the contributions from the old, intermediate and
young components are 21.7%, 42.9% and 35.4%, respectively. These nuclear
starburst activities might be triggered by the close encounter with NGC 7682,
as suggested by recent numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128228 </DOCNO>
Are all young stars disc accretors?


  We now understand how low mass stars evolve through cloud collapse and disc
accretion, but whether higher mass stars are also disc accretors is as yet
unknown. Spectropolarimetry observations can help in answering this basic
question, as they probe the first few stellar radii around young stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5055 </DOCNO>
Role of electron-phonon interaction in the strongly correlated cuprates


  Using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission data in conjunction with
that from neutron and other probes, we show that electron-phonon (el-ph)
coupling is strong in cuprates superconductors and it plays an important role
in pairing. In addition to the strong electron correlation, the inclusion of
phonons provides a theoretical framework explaining many important phenomena
that cannot be understood by a strongly correlated electronic model alone.
Especially it is indispensable to explain the difference among materials. The
phonons with the wave number around the (0,qx) and (qx,0) axes create the
d-wave pairing while that near (pi,pi) are pair breaking. Therefore the
half-breathing mode of the oxygen motions helps d-wave superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7037 </DOCNO>
A microscopic model for a class of mixed-spin quantum antiferromagnets


  We propose a microscopic model that describes the magnetic behavior of the
mixed-spin quantum systems R$_2$BaNiO$_5$ (R= magnetic rare earth). An
evaluation of the properties of this model by Quantum Monte Carlo simulations
shows remarkable good agreement with the experimental data and provides new
insight into the physics of mixed-spin quantum magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174818 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Observations from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory


  The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) is a water imaging Cherenkov detector.
Its usage of 1000 metric tons of D$_{2}$O as target allows the SNO detector to
make a solar-model independent test of the neutrino oscillation hypothesis by
simultaneously measuring the solar $\nu_{e}$ flux and the total flux of all
active neutrino species. Solar neutrinos from the decay of $^{8}$B have been
detected at SNO by the charged-current (CC) interaction on the deuteron and by
the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. While the CC reaction is sensitive
exclusively to $\nu_{e}$, the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to
$\nu_{\mu}$ and $\nu_{\tau}$. In this paper, recent solar neutrino results from
the SNO experiment are presented. It is demonstrated that the solar flux from
$^{8}$B decay as measured from the ES reaction rate under the no-oscillation
assumption is consistent with the high precision ES measurement by the
Super-Kamiokande experiment. The $\nu_{e}$ flux deduced from the CC reaction
rate in SNO differs from the Super-Kamiokande ES results by 3.3$sigma$. This is
evidence for an active neutrino component, in additional to $\nu_{e}$, in the
solar neutrino flux. These results also allow the first experimental
determination of the total active $^{8}$B neutrino flux from the Sun, and is
found to be in good agreement with solar model predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85767 </DOCNO>
Quantization Near Violent Singularities in Einstein-Yang-Mills Black


  Classical singularities inside black holes in the Einstein-Yang-Mills theory
exhibit unusual features. Only for discrete values of the black hole mass one
encounters singularities of the Schwarzschild type (timelike) and the
Reissner-Nordstrom type (spacelike). For a generic mass the approach to
singularity is not smooth: the metric oscillates with an infinitely growing
amplitude and decreasing period. In spite of some similarity with the BKL
oscillations, here the behavior is not chaotic. However the oscillation
amplitude exceeds classical limits after few cycles, so the question arises how
this behavior gets modified by quantum effects. We discuss this issue both in
the framework of QFT and in the string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96522 </DOCNO>
Schottky uniformization and vector bundles over Riemann surfaces


  We study a natural map from representations of a free group of rank g in
GL(n,C), to holomorphic vector bundles of degree 0 over a compact Riemann
surface X of genus g, associated with a Schottky uniformization of X. Maximally
unstable flat bundles are shown to arise in this way. We give a necessary and
sufficient condition for this map to be a submersion, when restricted to
representations producing stable bundles. Using a generalized version of
Riemann's bilinear relations, this condition is shown to be true on the
subspace of unitary Schottky representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125512 </DOCNO>
On the MBM12 Young Association


  I present a comprehensive study of the MBM12 young association (MBM12A). By
combining infrared (IR) photometry from the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS)
survey with new optical imaging and spectroscopy, I have performed a census of
the MBM12A membership that is complete to 0.03 Msun (H~15) for a 1.75deg X
1.4deg field encompassing the MBM12 cloud. I find five new members with masses
of 0.1-0.4 Msun and a few additional candidates that have not been observed
spectroscopically. From an analysis of optical and IR photometry for stars in
the direction of MBM12, I identify M dwarfs in the foreground and background of
the cloud. By comparing the magnitudes of these stars to those of local field
dwarfs, I arrive at a distance modulus 7.2+/-0.5 (275 pc) to the MBM12 cloud;
it is not the nearest molecular cloud and is not inside the local bubble of hot
ionized gas as had been implied by previous distance estimates of 50-100 pc. I
have also used Li strengths and H-R diagrams to constrain the absolute and
relative ages of MBM12A and other young populations; these data indicate ages
of 2 +3/-1 Myr for MBM12A and 10 Myr for the TW Hya and Eta Cha associations.
MBM12A may be a slightly evolved version of the aggregates of young stars
within the Taurus dark clouds (~1 Myr) near the age of the IC 348 cluster (~2
Myr).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168621 </DOCNO>
Exciting Squeezed Particles from Condensates Using Bragg Scattering


  We investigate the relative particle number squeezing produced in excited
states of a weakly interacting condensate at low temperature using stimulated
light scattering. We shall show that if a macroscopic population of particles
is excited directly out of the k=0 state, the squeezing between particle states
occurs primarily in the low momentum, i.e. k<k_0, states (see Figure 1).
Furthermore, if particles are excited that are not directly coupled out of the
k=0 state, then we shall show that a modest amount of almost optimally squeezed
populations of particles can be produced at high momentum, i.e. k>k_0 (see
Figure 2). We shall briefly discuss possible applications of these squeezed
particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6149 </DOCNO>
Atomic topology and radial distribution functions of a-SiNx


  We report a new approach to simulate amorphous networks of covalently bonded
materials that leads to excellent radial distribution functions and realistic
atomic arrangements. We apply it to generate the first ab initio structures of
nitrogen-doped silicon, a-SiNx, for thirteen values of x from 0 to the nearly
stoichiometric composition of x=1.29, using the Harris functional and thermally
amorphizised, periodically continued, diamond-like cells with 64 atoms. Partial
radial features are reported for the first time and the total radial
distribution functions agree very well with the few existing experiments. Our
results should stimulate further experimental and theoretical studies in
amorphous covalent materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75482 </DOCNO>
Electron as Spatiotemporal Complexity due to Self-Organized Criticality


  The electron, which has been pictured as an elementary particle ever since
J.J. Thomson's e/m-measurement in 1897, and the relativistic motion of which
is described by the Dirac equation, is discussed in the light of the recent
progress made in Science of Complex Systems. Theoretical arguments and
experimental evidences are presented which show that such an electron exhibits
characteristic properties of spatiotemporal complexities due to Self-Organized
Criticality (SOC). This implies in particular that, conceptually and logically,
it is neither possible nor meaningful to identify such an object with an
ordinary particle, which by definition is something that has a fixed mass
(size), a fixed lifetime, and a fixed structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6451 </DOCNO>
Tail States in Disordered Superconductors with Magnetic Impurities: the


  When subject to a weak magnetic impurity distribution, the order parameter
and quasi-particle energy gap of a weakly disordered bulk s-wave superconductor
are suppressed. In the Born scattering limit, recent investigations have shown
that `optimal fluctuations' of the random impurity potential can lead to the
nucleation of `domains' of localised states within the gap region predicted by
the conventional Abrikosov-Gor'kov mean-field theory, rendering the
superconducting system gapless at any finite impurity concentration. By
implementing a field theoretic scheme tailored to the weakly disordered system,
the aim of the present paper is to extend this analysis to the consideration of
magnetic impurities in the unitarity scattering limit. This investigation
reveals that the qualitative behaviour is maintained while the density of
states exhibits a rich structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2572 </DOCNO>
Counting statistics for arbitrary cycles in quantum pumps


  Statistics of charge transport in an adiabatic pump are determined by the
dynamics of the scattering matrix S(t). We show that, up to an integer offset,
the statistics depend only on the corresponding path N(t)=S^\dagger\sigma_3 S
in the coset space (the sphere for a single channel). For a general loop S(t)
we solve for the noise-minimizing pumping strategy. The average current is
given by the area enclosed by N(t) in the coset space; its minimal noise by the
area of a minimal surface (soap film) spanned by N(t) in the space of all
matrices. We formulate conditions for quantization of the pumped charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72801 </DOCNO>
The omega meson at high temperatures


  The decays of the omega meson in a heat bath of thermally excited pions is
studied within the framework of real-time thermal field theory using an
appropriate effective Lagrangian. We show that the omega meson spectrum
broadens considerably at temperatures T > 100 MeV, primarily because of omega
pi -> pi pi reactions in the thermal environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127064 </DOCNO>
Flash Mixing on the White Dwarf Cooling Curve: Understanding Hot


  We present a UV CMD spanning the hot horizontal branch (HB), blue straggler,
and white dwarf populations of the globular cluster NGC 2808. These data were
obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). Although
previous optical CMDs of NGC 2808 show a high temperature gap within the hot HB
population, no such gap is evident in our UV CMD. Instead, we find a population
of hot subluminous HB stars, an anomaly only previously reported for the
globular cluster omega Cen. Our modeling indicates that the location of these
subluminous stars in the UV CMD, as well as the high temperature gap along the
HB in optical CMDs, can be explained if these stars underwent a late He-core
flash while descending the white dwarf cooling curve. We show that the
convection zone produced by such a late He flash will penetrate into the H
envelope, thereby mixing H into the hot He-burning interior, where it is
rapidly consumed. This phenomenon is analogous to the "born again" scenario for
producing H-deficient stars following a late He-shell flash. The flash mixing
of the envelope greatly enhances the envelope He and C abundances, and leads,
in turn, to a discontinuous increase in the HB effective temperatures at the
transition between canonical and flash-mixed stars. We argue that the hot HB
gap is associated with this theoretically predicted dichotomy in the HB
properties. Moreover, the changes in the emergent spectral energy distribution
caused by these abundance changes are primarily responsible for explaining the
hot subluminous HB stars. Although further evidence is needed to confirm that a
late He-core flash can account for the subluminous HB stars and the hot HB gap,
we demonstrate that an understanding of these stars requires the use of
appropriate theoretical models for their evolution, atmospheres, and spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40933 </DOCNO>
The Drift Chambers Of The Nomad Experiment


  We present a detailed description of the drift chambers used as an active
target and a tracking device in the NOMAD experiment at CERN. The main
characteristics of these chambers are a large area, a self supporting structure
made of light composite materials and a low cost. A spatial resolution of 150
microns has been achieved with a single hit efficiency of 97%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81485 </DOCNO>
The Kentucky Noisy Monte Carlo Algorithm for Wilson Dynamical Fermions


  We develop an implementation for a recently proposed Noisy Monte Carlo
approach to the simulation of lattice QCD with dynamical fermions by
incorporating the full fermion determinant directly. Our algorithm uses a
quenched gauge field update with a shifted gauge coupling to minimize
fluctuations in the trace log of the Wilson Dirac matrix. The details of tuning
the gauge coupling shift as well as results for the distribution of noisy
estimators in our implementation are given. We present data for some basic
observables from the noisy method, as well as acceptance rate information and
discuss potential autocorrelation and sign violation effects. Both the results
and the efficiency of the algorithm are compared against those of Hybrid Monte
Carlo.
  PACS Numbers: 12.38.Gc, 11.15.Ha, 02.70.Uu Keywords: Noisy Monte Carlo,
Lattice QCD, Determinant, Finite Density, QCDSP

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87287 </DOCNO>
Differential equations extended to superspace


  We present a simple SUSY N=2 superspace extension of the differential
equations in which the sought solutions are considered to be real superfields
but maintaining the common derivative operators and the coefficients of the
differential equations unaltered. In this way, we get selfconsistent systems of
coupled differential equations for the components of the superfield. This
procedure is applied to the Riccati equation, for which we obtain in addition
the system of coupled equations corresponding to the components of the general
superfield solution

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150034 </DOCNO>
Exact Renormalization of Massless QED2


  We perform the exact renormalization of two-dimensional massless gauge
theories. Using these exact results we discuss the cluster property and
confinement in both the anomalous and chiral Schwinger models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81164 </DOCNO>
Odd-flavor Hybrid Monte Carlo Algorithm for Lattice QCD


  We discuss hybrid Monte Carlo algorithms for odd-flavor lattice QCD
simulations. The algorithms include a polynomial approximation which enables us
to simulate odd-flavor QCD in the framework of the hybrid Monte Carlo
algorithm. In order to make the algorithms exact, the correction factor to the
polynomial approximation is also included in an economical, stochastic way. We
test the algorithms for $n_f=1$, 1+1 and 2+1 flavors and compare results with
other algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124177 </DOCNO>
ASCA Identification of SMC X-2 with the 2.37-s Pulsar Discovered by RXTE


  This paper has been withdrawn because the class file must not be uploaded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76770 </DOCNO>
Graviton-photon conversion on spin 0 and 1/2 particles


  The differential cross-sections for scattering of gravitons into photons on
bosons and fermions are calculated in linearized quantum gravity. They are
found to be strongly peaked in the forward direction and become constant at
high energies. Numerically, they are very small as expected for such
gravitational interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86239 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Equilibrium in the Presence of a Positive Cosmological


  We reconsider the virial theorem in the presence of a positive cosmological
constant Lambda. Assuming steady state, we derive an inequality of the form rho
>= A (Lambda / 4 pi GN) for the mean density rho of the astrophysical object.
With a minimum at Asphere = 2, its value can increase by several orders of
magnitude as the shape of the object deviates from a spherically symmetric one.
This, among others, indicates that flattened matter distributions like e.g.
clusters or superclusters, with low density, cannot be in gravitational
equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73428 </DOCNO>
Investigation of the Role of Elastic Unitarity in High-Energy


  We re-examine V. Gribov's theorem of 1960 according to which the total
cross-section cannot approach a finite non-zero limit with, at the same time, a
diffraction peak having a finite slope. We are very close to proving by an
explicit counter-example that elastic unitarity in the elastic region is an
essential ingredient of the proof. By analogy, we raise the question of the
saturation of the Froissart-Martin bound, for which no examples incorporating
elastic unitarity exist at the present time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41717 </DOCNO>
The spin structure function of the neutron


  The neutron spin structure function, $g_{1n}$, has been of considerable
interest recently in connection with the Bjorken sum rule and the proton spin
crisis. Work on this problem has concentrated on measurements at low-$x$. We
recall the important, non-perturbative physics to be learnt by going instead to
larger values of $x$ and especially from a determination of the place where the
expected sign change occurs. Of course, in order to obtain neutron data one
must use nuclear targets and apply appropriate corrections. In this regard, we
review recent progress concerning the various nuclear corrections that must be
applied to measurements on polarised $^3$He.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113505 </DOCNO>
Coherent Radiation of Crystalline Beams


  Crystallization and radiation of accelerator beams is considered. For the
first time it is shown that crystallization conditions for charged particle
beams differs from those of plasma. Crystallization conditions of charged
relativistic bunches are found and shown that they may be satisfies in existing
linacs. The coherence radiation of crystalline beams in the XUV region is
investigated. Necessary conditions of coherency are found. The influence of
deviations from mean interparticle distance on the radiation coherency is
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4120 </DOCNO>
Random walks with imperfect trapping in the decoupled-ring approximation


  We investigate random walks on a lattice with imperfect traps. In one
dimension, we perturbatively compute the survival probability by reducing the
problem to a particle diffusing on a closed ring containing just one single
trap. Numerical simulations reveal this solution, which is exact in the limit
of perfect traps, to be remarkably robust with respect to a significant
lowering of the trapping probability. We demonstrate that for randomly
distributed traps, the long-time asymptotics of our result recovers the known
stretched exponential decay. We also study an anisotropic three-dimensional
version of our model, where for sufficiently large transverse diffusion the
system is described by the mean-field kinetics. We discuss possible
applications of some of our findings to the decay of excitons in semiconducting
organic polymer materials, and emphasize the crucial influence of the spatial
trap distribution on the kinetics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 919 </DOCNO>
A new class of magnetic materials: Sr2FeMoO6 and related compounds


  Ordered double perovskite oxides of the general formula, A2BB'O6, have been
known for several decades to have interesting electronic and magnetic
properties. However, a recent report of a spectacular negative
magnetoresistance effect in a specific member of this family, namely Sr2FeMoO6,
has brought this class of compounds under intense scrutiny. It is now believed
that the origin of magnetism in this class of compounds is based on a novel
kinetically-driven mechanism. This new mechanism is also likely to be
responsible for the unusually high temperature ferromagnetism in several other
systems, such as dilute magnetic semiconductors, as well as in various
half-metallic ferromagnetic systems, such as Heussler alloys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6984 </DOCNO>
The wormhole move: A new algorithm for polymer simulations


  A new Monte Carlo move for polymer simulations is presented. The ``wormhole''
move is build out of reptation steps and allows a polymer to reptate through a
hole in space; it is able to completely displace a polymer in time N^2 (with N
the polymer length) even at high density. This move can be used in a similar
way to configurational bias, in particular it allows grand canonical moves, it
is applicable to copolymers and can be extended to branched polymers. The main
advantage is speed since it is exponentially faster in N than configurational
bias, but is also easier to program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113489 </DOCNO>
Planar Waveguide Hybrids for Very High Power RF


  Two basic designs have been developed for waveguide hybrids, or 3-dB
couplers, capable of handling hundreds of megawatts at X-band. Coupling is
provided by one or two connecting waveguides with h-plane junctions and
matching elements. In the former case, the connecting waveguide supports two
modes. Small apertures and field-enhancing e-bends are avoided to reduce the
risk of rf breakdown. The h-plane symmetry also allows the use of over-moded
rectangular waveguide in which the height has been increased to reduce field
amplitudes without affecting the scattering matrix. The theory and designs are
presented, along with the results of prototype tests of functionality and
power-handling capability. Such a device is integral to the rf pulse
compression or power distribution system of the Next Linear Collider (NLC) for
combining, splitting, and directing power. This work was motivated by the
observation of rf breakdown at power levels above 200 MW in conventional and
modified magic-T's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72550 </DOCNO>
Realistic Gluino Axion Model Consistent with Supersymmetry Breaking at


  The recently proposed model of using the dynamical phase of the gluino to
solve the strong CP problem is shown to admit a specific realization in terms
of fundamental singlet superfields, such that the breaking of supersymmetry
occurs only at the TeV scale, despite the large axion scale of 10^{9} to
10^{12} GeV. Phenomenological implications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114446 </DOCNO>
Updating the Near-Earth Neutral Line Model


  In the past thirty years the Near-Earth Neutral Line model for substorms has
been proven to be correct in its basic assumption, i.e., that a new neutral
line is created near the Earth during substorm onset. Yet there have also been
numerous changes and additions to this model, which were necessary to give a
more complete and deeper understanding of the substorm process. This process is
still continuing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124063 </DOCNO>
Global Probes of the Impact of Baryons on Dark Matter Halos


  The halo mass function, dn/dM, predicted by hierarchical clustering models
can be measured indirectly using dynamical probes like the distribution of
gravitational lens image separations, dn/dDelta-theta, or halo circular
velocities, dn/d v_c. These dynamical variables depend on the halo structure as
well as the halo mass. Since baryonic physics, particularly cooling,
significantly modifies the central density structure of dark matter halos, both
observational distributions show a feature corresponding to the mass scale
below which the baryons in the halo can cool (i.e. galaxies versus clusters).
We use simplified but self-consistent models to show that the structural
changes to the halos produced by the cooling baryons explain both
distributions. Given a fixed halo mass function, matching the observed image
separation distribution or local velocity function depends largely on Omega_b
through its effects on the cooling time scales. These baryonic effects on the
halo structure also affect the evolution of the velocity function of galaxies
with redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4121 </DOCNO>
Second generation wave-function thermostat for ab-initio molecular


  A rigorous two-thermostat formulation for ab-initio molecular dynamics using
the fictitious Lagrangian approach is presented. It integrates the concepts of
mass renormalization and temperature control for the wave functions. The new
thermostat adapts to the instantaneous kinetic energy of the nuclei and thus
minimizes its influence on the dynamics. Deviations from the canonical
ensemble, which are possible in the previous two-thermostat formulation, are
avoided. The method uses a model for the effective mass of the wave functions,
which is open to systematic improvement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5399 </DOCNO>
Driven lattice glass as a ratchet and pawl machine


  Boundary-induced transport in particle systems with anomalous diffusion
exhibits rectification, negative resistance, and hysteresis phenomena depending
on the way the drive acts on the boundary. The solvable case of a 1D system
characterized by a power-law diffusion coefficient and coupled to two particles
reservoirs at different chemical potential is examined. In particular, it is
shown that a microscopic realisation of such a diffusion model is provided by a
3D driven lattice-gas with kinetic constraints, in which energy barriers are
absent and the local microscopic reversibility holds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127763 </DOCNO>
Population Synthesis in the Blue II. The Spectroscopic Age of 47 Tucanae


  We develop a new set of models for intermediate-metallicity single stellar
populations in the blue/optical region and use those models to determine the
spectroscopic age of 47 Tuc. The models are based on a moderately
high-resolution (1.8 A FWHM) empirical spectral library, state-of-the-art
theoretical isochrones, kindly provided by M. Salaris, and new semi-empirical
calibrations between fundamental stellar parameters and observables. Model
line-strengths include all corrections for deficiencies of the stellar library
that are described in Paper I. We highlight the importance of correctly
modeling the giant-branch LF of the cluster in order to achieve a good
reproduction of the integrated spectrum; agreement between the spectroscopic
age and the age based on the cluster's color-magnitude diagram (CMD) is
achieved only if the observed LF is used rather than the theoretical one, which
lacks AGB stars. After all corrections are made, the CMD and the spectroscopic
ages (from Hgamma and Hbeta) are both ~ 11 Gyrs. Previously older spectroscopic
ages were due to either the omission of AGB stars or the use of isochrones that
neglect the effects of He-diffusion and alpha-enhancement. Uncertainties in
spectroscopic age determinations of old stellar populations stem from a number
of effects, the most important of which are the Teff and [Fe/H]-scales of the
giant stars used in the stellar library, the LF on the upper giant branch, and
the assumed metallicity of the target stellar population itself. A +/- 1 Gyr
uncertainty in age results from uncertainties of +/- 75 K in the Teff-scale of
the library giants, +/- 0.1 dex in their [Fe/H]-scale and, +/- 0.1 dex in the
level of the giant-branch LF, and +/- 0.1 dex in the assumed [Fe/H] of the
target stellar population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4074 </DOCNO>
Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnets versus Nonlinear $\sigma$ Model


  In this letter, I develop a new topologically invariant coherent state path
integral for spin systems, and apply it to the quantum Heisenberg model on a
square lattice. As a result, the quantum nonlinear $\sigma$ model for arbitrary
values of spin can be directly obtained. The effective coupling constant and
spin wave velocity are modified by $g_s= {2\over S}\sqrt{d+{T_\Lambda\over
2SJ}}$ and $c_s=2JSa \sqrt{d+{T_\Lambda\over 2SJ}}$, where $T_\Lambda$ is a
natural temperature scale for the reliability of the theory. The formulation
can also be extended to other generalized coherent state path integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1016 </DOCNO>
Statistics of low-energy levels of a one-dimensional weakly localized


  Numerical study of the one-dimensional Frenkel Hamiltonian with on-site
randomness is carried out. We focus on the statistics of the energy levels near
the lower exciton band edge, i. e. those determining optical response. We found
that the distribution of the energy spacing between the states that are well
localized at the same segment is characterized by non-zero mean, i.e. these
states undergo repulsion. This repulsion results in a local discrete energy
structure of a localized Frenkel exciton. On the contrary, the energy spacing
distribution for weakly overlapping local ground states (the states with no
nodes within their localization segments) that are localized at different
segments has zero mean and shows almost no repulsion. The typical width of the
latter distribution is of the same order as the typical spacing in the local
discrete energy structure, so that this local structure is hidden; it does not
reveal itself neither in the density of states nor in the linear absorption
spectra. However, this structure affects the two-exciton transitions involving
the states of the same segment and can be observed by the pump-probe
spectroscopy. We analyze also the disorder degree scaling of the first and
second momenta of the distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41168 </DOCNO>
A new airborne detector for atmospheric muons


  The University of Oxford has started the design and development of the new
experiment ADLER (Airborne Detector for Low Energy Rays). This apparatus will
measure the cosmic-ray muon flux at an altitude of 10 - 13km. The detector
should be flown by aircrafts on transatlantic routes crossing the magnetic
equator to investigate the flux at different geomagnetic latitudes. The goal of
the experiment is to obtain better constraints on the low energy atmospheric
neutrino flux and the results will be of importance to the atmospheric neutrino
anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125539 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Infrared Background: Measurements and Implications


  The cosmic infrared background records much of the radiant energy released by
processes of structure formation that have occurred since the decoupling of
matter and radiation following the Big Bang. In the past few years, data from
the Cosmic Background Explorer mission provided the first measurements of this
background, with additional constraints coming from studies of the attenuation
of TeV gamma-rays. At the same time there has been rapid progress in resolving
a significant fraction of this background with the deep galaxy counts at
infrared wavelengths from the Infrared Space Observatory instruments and at
submillimeter wavelengths from the Submillimeter Common User Bolometer Array
instrument. This article reviews the measurements of the infrared background
and sources contributing to it, and discusses the implications for past and
present cosmic processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113880 </DOCNO>
A foundational approach to physics


  A core level of basic information for physics is identified, based on an
analysis of the characteristics of the parameters space, time, mass and charge.
At this level, it is found that certain symmetries operate, which can be used
to explain certain physical facts and even to derive new mathematical theorems.
Applications are made to classical mechanics, electromagnetic theory and
quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148218 </DOCNO>
de Sitter space from M-theory?


  In this note we study a massive IIA supergravity theory obtained in
hep-th/9707139 by compactification of M-theory. We point out that de Sitter
space in arbitrary dimensions arises naturally as the vacuum of this theory.
This explicitly shows how de Sitter space can be embedded into
eleven-dimensional supergravity. In addition we discuss the novel way in which
this theory avoids various `no-go theorems' which assert that de Sitter space
is not a consistent vacua of eleven-dimensional supergravity theory. We also
point out that the eight-branes of this theory, which couple electrically to
the ten-form, can sweep out de Sitter world-volumes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85934 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics of an ultra-relativistic fluid in the flat anisotropic


  Motion of an ultra-relativistic perfect fluid in space-time with the Kasner
metrics is investigated by the Hamiltonian method. It is found that in the
limit of small times a tendency takes place to formation of strong
inhomogeneities in matter distribution. In the case of slow flows the effect of
non-stationary anisotropy on dynamics of sound waves and behaviour of frozen-in
vortices is considered. It is shown that hydrodynamics of slow vortices on the
static homogeneous background is equivalent to the usual Eulerian
incompressible hydrodynamics, but in the presence of an external non-stationary
strain velocity field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114193 </DOCNO>
R-matrix Floquet theory for laser-assisted electron-atom scattering


  A new version of the R-matrix Floquet theory for laser-assisted electron-atom
scattering is presented. The theory is non-perturbative and applicable to a
non-relativistic many-electron atom or ion in a homogeneous linearly polarized
field. It is based on the use of channel functions built from field-dressed
target states, which greatly simplifies the general formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2830 </DOCNO>
Non-Hermiticity and Universality


  . We study the statistical properties of the eigenvalues of non-Hermitian
operators assoicated with the dissipative complex systems. By considering the
Gaussian ensembles of such operators, a hierarchical relation between the
correlators is obtained. Further the eigenvalues are found to behave like
particles moving on a complex plane under 2-body (inverse square) and 3-body
interactions and there seems to underlie a deep connection and universality in
the spectral behaviour of different complex systems. .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97844 </DOCNO>
Product and other fine structure in polynomial resolutions of mapping


  Let Map(K,X) denote the space of continuous based functions between two based
spaces K and X. If K is a fixed finite complex, Greg Arone has given explicit
model for the Goodwillie tower of the functor sending a space X to the
suspension spectrum of Map(K,X). Applying a generalized (co)homology theory to
this tower yields a spectral sequence, and this will converge strongly to the
(co)homology of Map(K,X) under suitable conditions.
  In this paper we study how various important natural constructions on mapping
spaces induce extra structure on the towers. This leads to useful interesting
additional structure in the associated spectral sequences. For example, the
diagonal on Map(K,X) induces a `diagonal' on the associated tower. After
applying any cohomology theory with products h^*, the resulting spectral
sequence is then a spectral sequence of differential graded algebras. The
product on the E_{infty}-term corresponds to the cup product in h^*(Map(K,X))
in the usual way, and the product on the E_1-term is described in terms of
group theoretic transfers.
  We use explicit equivariant S-duality maps to show that, when K is the
n-sphere, our constructions at the fiber level have descriptions in terms of
the Boardman-Vogt little n-cubes spaces. We are then able to identify the
Goodwillie tower of the functor from spectra to spectra sending a spectrum X to
the suspension spectrum of its 0th space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4095 </DOCNO>
Adsorption of a semiflexible polymer onto interfaces and surfaces


  We consider the adsorption of a semiflexible polymer chain onto interfaces
and surfaces by using the differential equation of the distribution function
$G(R,L)$ of the end-to-end distance $R$, which is associated with the moment
expansion of the latter. We present the results of the approximative treatment
consisting of taking into account the 2nd and 4th moments in the differential
equation for $G(R,L)$. The essential features of adsorption of the semiflexible
polymer are: {\it i}) the existence of a new local length scale, which results
in two-exponential decay of the monomer density of adsorbed polymer; {\it ii})
the binding of the semiflexible polymer is weaker than that for flexible one
for both interface and wall. The approximative theory presented is restricted
to the regime of weak adsorption, where the effect of the rodlike behavior of
the polymer on small scales is weak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174629 </DOCNO>
Four-body DWBA calculations of the Coulomb breakup of 6He


  We investigate the Coulomb breakup of the two-neutron halo nucleus 6He by
extending the framework of the finite range post form distorted wave Born
approximation theory introduced earlier for the description of the breakup of
one-neutron halo nuclei. The model can use the realistic three-body wave
function for the 6He ground state. Calculations have been performed for energy,
total and parallel momentum distributions of 4He fragment. The two-body
4He-neutron and neutron-neutron correlations have also been calculated. Our
results are compared with those of an adiabatic model of the Coulomb breakup
reactions. The two theories lead to almost identical results. Comparisons are
also made with the available experimental data. It is found that the pure
Coulomb breakup can describe the bulk of the data taken at below grazing
angles. However, a rigorous description of all the available data requires the
consideration of the nuclear breakup effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127767 </DOCNO>
Properties of the Outer Halos of Galaxies from the Study of Globular


  This paper reviews some recent work on the properties of the outer halos of
galaxies. I particularly focus on recent and upcoming advances made with the
study of globular clusters. Globular clusters can be observed out to ~100 kpc
from the centers of galaxies, allowing the study of galactic halos well beyond
the regions probed by many other techniques such as observations of the
integrated light of galaxies. In the few well-studied cases to date, the study
of globular cluster systems has provided dynamical evidence for dark matter
halos around elliptical galaxies, and demonstrated kinematic differences
between different globular cluster populations that shed light on the formation
history of their host galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73773 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Production at TeV Energies as a Potential SUSY Detector


  We consider the process of top-antitop production from electron-positron
annihilation, for c. m. energies in the few TeV regime, in the MSSM theoretical
framework. We show that, at the one loop level, the \underline{slopes} of a
number of observable quantities in an energy region around 3 TeV are only
dependent on $\tan\beta$. Under optimal experimental conditions, a combined
measurement of slopes might identify $\tan\beta$ values in a range $\tan\beta<
2$, $\tan\beta>20$ with acceptable precision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40818 </DOCNO>
Study of the e+e- -> Z gamma gamma -> q q~ gamma gamma Process at LEP


  The process e^+e^- -> Z gamma gamma -> q q~ gamma gamma is studied in 0.5
fb-1 of data collected with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between
130.1 GeV and 201.7 GeV. Cross sections are measured and found to be consistent
with the Standard Model expectations. The study of the least energetic photon
constrains the quartic gauge boson couplings to -0.008 GeV-2 < a_0/\Lambda^2 <
0.005 GeV-2 and -0.007 GeV-2 < a_c/\Lambda^2 < 0.011 GeV-2, at 95% confidence
level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124756 </DOCNO>
X-Ray and UV Orbital Phase Dependence in LMC X-3


  The black-hole binary LMC X-3 is known to be variable on time scales of days
to years. We investigate X-ray and ultraviolet variability in the system as a
function of the 1.7 day binary phase using a 6.4 day observation with the Rossi
X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) from December 1998. An abrupt 14% flux decrease,
lasting nearly an entire orbit, is followed by a return to previous flux
levels. This behavior occurs twice, at nearly the same binary phase, but it is
not present in consecutive orbits. When the X-ray flux is at lower intensity, a
periodic amplitude modulation of 7% is evident in data folded modulo the
orbital period. The higher intensity data show weaker correlation with phase.
This is the first report of X-ray variability at the orbital period of LMC X-3.
Archival RXTE observations of LMC X--3 during a high flux state in December
1996 show similar phase dependence. An ultraviolet light curve obtained with
the High Speed Photometer aboard the Hubble Space Telescope shows orbital
modulation consistent with that in the optical, caused by the ellipsoidal
variation of the spatially deformed companion.
  The X-ray spectrum of LMC X-3 can be acceptably represented by a
phenomenological disk-black-body plus a power law. Changes in the spectrum of
LMC X-3 during our observations are compatible with earlier observations during
which variations in the 2-10 keV flux are tracked closely by the disk geometry
spectral model parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174755 </DOCNO>
Antiproton Production in $p+A$ Collisions at AGS Energies


  Inclusive and semi-inclusive measurements are presented for antiproton
($\bar{p}$) production in proton-nucleus collisions at the AGS. The inclusive
yields per event increase strongly with increasing beam energy and decrease
slightly with increasing target mass. The $\bar{p}$ yield in 17.5 GeV/c p+Au
collisions decreases with grey track multiplicity, $N_g$, for $N_g>0$,
consistent with annihilation within the target nucleus. The relationship
between $N_g$ and the number of scatterings of the proton in the nucleus is
used to estimate the $\bar{p}$ annihilation cross section in the nuclear
medium. The resulting cross section is at least a factor of five smaller than
the free $\bar{p}-p$ annihilation cross section when assuming a small or
negligible formation time. Only with a long formation time can the data be
described with the free $\bar{p}-p$ annihilation cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86452 </DOCNO>
Constructing the Goedel universe


  By a suitable transformation, we derive the rotating Goedel universe from a
static one and we show, how rotation may be implemented geometrically. The
rotation law turns out to be a differential one. By increasing distance from
the rotation axis the velocity of a rotating point will exceed the velocity of
light and the cosmos has a cut-off radius. Thus, closed time-like curves do not
occur in the Goedel universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5500 </DOCNO>
Slower Speed and Stronger Coupling: Adaptive Mechanisms of


  We show that two initially weakly coupled chaotic systems can achieve
self-organized synchronization by adaptively reducing their speed and/or
enhancing the coupling strength. Explicit adaptive algorithms for
speed-reduction and coupling-enhancement are provided. We apply these
algorithms to the self-organized synchronization of two coupled Lorenz systems.
It is found that after a long-time self-organized process, the two coupled
chaotic systems can achieve synchronization with almost minimum required
coupling-speed ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1331 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Nanoporosity in Dealloying


  Dealloying is a common corrosion process during which an alloy is "parted" by
the selective dissolution of the electrochemically more active elements. This
process results in the formation of a nanoporous sponge composed almost
entirely of the more noble alloy constituents . Even though this morphology
evolution problem has attracted considerable attention, the physics responsible
for porosity evolution have remained a mystery . Here we show by experiment,
lattice computer simulation, and a continuum model, that nanoporosity is due to
an intrinsic dynamical pattern formation process - pores form because the more
noble atoms are chemically driven to aggregate into two-dimensional clusters
via a spinodal decomposition process at the solid-electrolyte interface. At the
same time, the surface area continuously increases due to etching. Together,
these processes evolve a characteristic length scale predicted by our continuum
model. The applications potential of nanoporous metals is enormous. For
instance, the high surface area of nanoporous gold made by dealloying Ag-Au can
be chemically tailored, making it suitable for sensor applications,
particularly in biomaterials contexts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149300 </DOCNO>
Wilson Lines and Classical Solutions in Cubic Open String Field Theory


  We construct exact classical solutions in cubic open string field theory. By
the redefinition of the string field, we find that the solutions correspond to
finite deformations of the Wilson lines. The solutions have well-defined Fock
space expressions, and they have no branch cut singularity of marginal
parameters which was found in the analysis using level truncation approximation
in Feynman-Siegel gauge. We also discuss marginal tachyon lump solutions at
critical radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150055 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution of a Brane Universe in a Type 0 String Background


  We study the cosmological evolution of a D3-brane Universe in a type 0 string
background. We follow the brane universe along the radial coordinate of the
background and we calculate the energy density which is induced on the brane
because of its motion in the bulk. For constant values of tachyon and dilaton
an inflationary phase is appearing. For non constant values of tachyon and
dilaton and for a particular range of values of the scale factor of the
brane-universe, the effective energy density is dominated by a term
proportional to $\frac{1}{(\log\alpha)^{4}}$ indicating a slowly varying
inflationary phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97171 </DOCNO>
Isolating Cardinal Invariants


  There is an optimal way to increase certain cardinal invariants of the
continuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81125 </DOCNO>
Glueball properties in anisotropic SU(3) lattice QCD with improved


  We study the glueballs properties at finite temperature using SU(3) lattice
QCD at the quenched level with the anisotropic lattice. We use the tree-level
Symanzik O(a^2) improved action. We present our preliminary results which shows
the slight reduction of the scalar glueball mass near T_c

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126582 </DOCNO>
A Chandra observation of the long-duration X-ray transient KS 1731-260


  After more than a decade of actively accreting at about a tenth of the
Eddington critical mass accretion rate, the neutron-star X-ray transient KS
1731-260 returned to quiescence in early 2001. We present a Chandra/ACIS-S
observation taken several months after this transition. We detected the source
at an unabsorbed flux of ~2 x 10^{-13} erg/cm^2/s (0.5-10 keV). For a distance
of 7 kpc, this results in a 0.5-10 keV luminosity of ~1 x 10^{33} erg/s and a
bolometric luminosity approximately twice that. This quiescent luminosity is
very similar to that of the other quiescent neutron star systems. However, if
this luminosity is due to the cooling of the neutron star, this low luminosity
may indicate that the source spends at least several hundreds of years in
quiescence in between outbursts for the neutron star to cool. If true, then it
might be the first such X-ray transient to be identified and a class of
hundreds of similar systems may be present in the Galaxy. Alternatively,
enhanced neutrino cooling could occur in the core of the neutron star which
would cool the star more rapidly. However, in that case the neutron star in KS
1731-260 would be more massive than those in the prototypical neutron star
transients (e.g., Aql X-1 or 4U 1608-52).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86601 </DOCNO>
Matter waves in a gravitational field: An index of refraction for


  We consider the propagation of massive-particle de Broglie waves in a static,
isotropic metric in general relativity. We demonstrate the existence of an
index of refraction that governs the waves and that has all the properties of a
classical index of refraction. We confirm our interpretation with a WKB
solution of the general-relativistic Klein-Gordon equation. Finally, we make
some observations on the significance of the optical action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126588 </DOCNO>
Cosmological observations in scalar-tensor quintessence


  The framework for considering the astronomical and cosmological observations
in the context of scalar-tensor quintessence in which the quintessence field
also accounts for a time dependence of the gravitational constant is developed.
The constraints arising from nucleosynthesis, the variation of the constant and
the post-Newtonian measurements are taken into account. A simple model of
supernovae is presented in order to extract the dependence of their light
curves with the gravitational constant; this implies a correction when fitting
the luminosity distance. The properties of perturbations as well as CMB
anisotropies are also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41801 </DOCNO>
Tests of hard and soft QCD with e+e- Annihilation Data


  Experimental tests of QCD predictions for event shape distributions combining
contributions from hard and soft processes are discussed. The hard processes
are predicted by perturbative QCD calculations. The soft processes cannot be
calculated directly using perturbative QCD, they are treated by a power
correction model based on the analysis of infrared renormalons. Furthermore, an
analysis of the gauge structure of QCD is presented using fits of the colour
factors within the same combined QCD predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98525 </DOCNO>
Hermitian forms, trace equations and application to codes


  We provide a systematic study of sesquilinear hermitian forms and a new proof
of the calculus of some exponential sums defined with quadratic hermitian
forms. The computation of the number of solutions of equations such as
Tr(f(x)+v.x)=0 or Tr(f(x))=a allows us to construct codes and to obtain their
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73643 </DOCNO>
Purely perturbative Boltzmann equation for hot non-Abelian gauge


  In the perturbation theory, trasnport phenomena in hot non-Abelian gauge
theories like QCD are often plagued with infrared singularities or
nonperturbative effects. We show, in the context of the Kadanoff & Baym
formalism, that there are certain nonequilibrium processes which are free from
such difficulties. For these processes, due to an interplay between the
macroscopic and microscopic physics, characteristic time scale (the mesoscale)
naturally enters as an infrared cutoff and purely perturbative description by
the Boltzmann equation is valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114466 </DOCNO>
Correlated electron emission in laser-induced nonsequence double


  In this paper, we have investigated the correlated electron emission of the
nonsequence double ionization (NSDI) in an intense linearly polarized field.
The theoretical model we employed is the semiclassical rescattering model, the
model atom we used is the helium. We find a significant correlation between
magnitude and direction of the momentum of two emission electrons, and give a
good explanation for this striking phenomenon by observing the classical
collisional trajectories. We argue that this correlation phenomenon is
universal in NSDI process, as revealed by the recent experiment on the argon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126925 </DOCNO>
RR Lyrae Variables in the Globular Clusters of M31: a First Detection of


  The purpose of this paper is to show that RR Lyrae variables exist and can be
detected in M31 globular clusters. We report on the first tentative
identification of RR Lyrae candidates in four globular clusters of the
Andromeda galaxy, i.e. G11, G33, G64 and G322. Based on HST-WFPC2 archive
observations in the F555W and F814W filters spanning a total interval of about
5 consecutive hours we find evidence for 2, 4, 11 and 8 RR Lyrae variables of
both ab and c Bailey types in G11, G33, G64 and G322, respectively. Several
more candidates can be found by relaxing slightly the selection criteria. These
numbers are quite consistent with the horizontal branch morphology exhibited by
the four clusters, starting from the very blue HB in G11, and progressively
moving to redder HBs in G64, G33 and G322.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86007 </DOCNO>
Master equation for quantum Brownian motion derived by stochastic


  The master equation for a linear open quantum system in a general environment
is derived using a stochastic approach. This is an alternative derivation to
that of Hu, Paz and Zhang, which was based on the direct computation of path
integrals, or to that of Halliwell and Yu, based on the evolution of the Wigner
function for a linear closed quantum system. We first show by using the
influence functinal formalism that the reduced Wigner function for the open
system coincides with a distribution function resulting from averaging both
over the initial conditions and the stochastic source of a formal Langevin
equation. The master equation for the reduced Wigner function can then be
deduced as a Fokker-Planck equation obtained from the formal Langevin equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86717 </DOCNO>
Hypersurface homogeneous locally rotational symmetric spacetimes


  All hypersurface homogeneous locally rotational symmetric spacetimes which
admit conformal symmetries are determined and the symmetry vectors are given
explicitly. It is shown that these spacetimes must be considered in two sets.
One set containing Ellis Class II and the other containing Ellis Class I, III
LRS spacetimes. The determination of the conformal algebra in the first set is
achieved by systematizing and completing results on the determination of CKVs
in 2+2 decomposable spacetimes. In the second set new methods are developed.
The results are applied to obtain the classification of the conformal algebra
of all static LRS spacetimes in terms of geometrical variables. Furthermore all
perfect fluid nontilted LRS spacetimes which admit proper conformal symmetries
are determined and the physical properties some of them are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125992 </DOCNO>
The fragmentation of expanding shells: cloud formation rates and masses


  The gravitational instability of expanding shells is discussed. Linear and
nonlinear terms are included in an analytical solution in the static and
homogeneous medium. We discuss the interaction of modes and give the time
needed for fragmentation. Masses of individual fragments are also estimated and
their formation rates and the initial mass function are derived. Results of
simulations are compared to observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4144 </DOCNO>
Heating of Two-Dimensional Holes in SiGe and the B = 0 Metal-Insulator


  We study the resistivity vs. electric field dependence $\rho(E)$ of a 2D hole
system in SiGe close to the B=0 metal-insulator transition. Using $\rho$ as a
``thermometer'' to obtain the effective temperature of the holes $T_e(E)$, we
find that the $\rho(E)$ dependence can be attributed to hole heating. The
hole-phonon coupling involves weakly screened piezoelectric and deformation
potentials compatible with previous measurements. The damping of the
Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations gives the same $T_e$ values. Thus the $\rho(E)$
dependence and the $E$-field ``scaling'' do not provide additional evidence for
a quantum phase transition (QPT). We discuss how to study, in general, true
$E$-field scaling and extract the ratio of the QPT characteristic lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6710 </DOCNO>
The narrow peak on the frequency dependance of the susceptibility of the


  The relaxation of the harmonical oscillator, being in contact with the
thermostat whose excitations can be treated as bosons is studied. An exact
temporary behavior of the inverse oscillator's temperature is obtained. In low
interaction limit the temperature behavior is exponential. When the interaction
is increasing the temporary behavior display oscillations. Narrow peak of the
oscillator susceptibility is discovered. The exact solution obtained is
compared with Bloch-Redfild approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127384 </DOCNO>
Submillimeter lines from circumstellar disks around pre-main sequence


  Observations of submillimeter lines of CO (up to J=6-5), HCO+, HCN (up to
J=4-3) and their isotopes from circumstellar disks around low mass pre-main
sequence stars are presented. The different line ratios and optical depths
indicate that most of the observed line emission arises from an intermediate
disk layer with high densities of 1E6-1E8 cm-3 and moderately warm temperatures
in the outer regions. The data are compared with three disk models from the
literature using a full 2D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code. The abundances
of the molecules are constrained from the more optically thin 13C species and
indicate depletions of 1-30 for LkCa 15 and very high depletions of > 100 for
TW Hya with respect to dark cloud abundances. Evidence for significant
freeze-out (factors 10 or larger) of CO and HCO+ onto grain surfaces at
temperatures below 22 K is found, but the abundances of these molecules must
also be low in the warmer upper layer, most likely as a result of
photodissociation. A warm upper layer near the surface of a flaring disk heated
by stellar and interstellar radiation is an appropriate description of the
observations of TW Hya. LkCa 15 seems to be cooler at the surface, perhaps due
to dust settling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6307 </DOCNO>
First-principles study of band offsets in ferromagnetic semiconductor


  We report valence and conduction band alignments and offsets for
heterojunctions between CdCr2Se4, an n-type ferromagnetic semiconductor, and
the non-magnetic materials Si and GaAs, evaluated using density functional
theory. We explore numerically the impact of different interface features on
the type of band alignment and the magnitude of the offsets. For example, we
find it is energetically favorable to deplete Cr atoms from the layers at the
interface; this also leads to band alignments smaller in magnitude compared to
those obtained for Cr-rich interfaces and ideal for electrical spin-injection
into either Si or Ga-terminated GaAs substrates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74113 </DOCNO>
Charmonium - Pion Cross Section from QCD Sum Rules


  The $J/\psi \pi\to \bar{D} D^*, \bar{D} D$, ${\bar D}^* D^*$ and ${\bar D}
D^*$ cross sections as a function of $\sqrt{s}$ are evaluated in a QCD sum rule
calculation. We study the Borel sum rule for the four point function involving
pseudoscalar and vector meson currents, up to dimension four in the operator
product expansion. We find that our results are smaller than the $J/\psi \pi\to
{charmed mesons}$ cross sections obtained with models based on meson exchange,
but are close to those obtained with quark exchange models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76724 </DOCNO>
Enhanced signal of astrophysical tau neutrinos propagating through Earth


  Earth absorbs $\nue$ and $\numu$ of energies above about 100 TeV. As is
well-known, although $\nutau$ will also disappear through charged-current
interactions, the $\nutau$ flux will be regenerated by prompt tau decays. We
show that this process also produces relatively large fluxes of secondary
$\nube$ and $\nubmu$, greatly enhancing the detectability of the initial
$\nutau$. This is particularly important because at these energies $\nutau$ is
a significant fraction of the expected astrophysical neutrino flux, and only a
tiny portion of the atmospheric neutrino flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85685 </DOCNO>
Correlation between Gamma-Ray bursts and Gravitational Waves


  The cosmological origin of $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) is now commonly
accepted and, according to several models for the central engine, GRB sources
should also emit at the same time gravitational waves bursts (GWBs). We have
performed two correlation searches between the data of the resonant
gravitational wave detector AURIGA and GRB arrival times collected in the BATSE
4B catalog. No correlation was found and an upper limit \bbox{$h_{\text{RMS}}
\leq 1.5 \times 10^{-18}$} on the averaged amplitude of gravitational waves
associated with $\gamma$-ray bursts has been set for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3637 </DOCNO>
D-Brane Dynamics and Logarithmic Superconformal Algebras


  We construct the consistent supersymmetric extensions of the operators
describing the recoil of a D-brane and show that they realize an N=1
logarithmic superconformal algebra. The corresponding supersymmetric vertex
operator is related to the action of a twisted superparticle with twist field
determined by the angular momentum of the recoiling D-brane and with explicitly
broken kappa-symmetry. We show that the superconformal completion removes the
logarithmic modular divergences that are present in the bosonic string loop
scattering amplitudes. These features are all consequences of the relationship
that exists in these models between worldsheet rescaling and the time evolution
of the D-brane in target space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83643 </DOCNO>
Applying Slicing Technique to Software Architectures


  Software architecture is receiving increasingly attention as a critical
design level for software systems. As software architecture design resources
(in the form of architectural specifications) are going to be accumulated, the
development of techniques and tools to support architectural understanding,
testing, reengineering, maintenance, and reuse will become an important issue.
This paper introduces a new form of slicing, named architectural slicing, to
aid architectural understanding and reuse. In contrast to traditional slicing,
architectural slicing is designed to operate on the architectural specification
of a software system, rather than the source code of a program. Architectural
slicing provides knowledge about the high-level structure of a software system,
rather than the low-level implementation details of a program. In order to
compute an architectural slice, we present the architecture information flow
graph which can be used to represent information flows in a software
architecture. Based on the graph, we give a two-phase algorithm to compute an
architectural slice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168018 </DOCNO>
Quantum Data Compression of Ensembles of Mixed States with Commuting


  We provide a rate distortion interpretation of the problem of quantum data
compression of ensembles of mixed states with commuting density operators.
There are two versions of this problem. In the visible case the sequence of
states is available to the encoder and in the blind or hidden case the encoder
may access only a sequence of measurements. We find the exact optimal
compression rates for both the visible and hidden cases. Our analysis includes
the scenario in which asymptotic reconstruction is imperfect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126571 </DOCNO>
New Nuclear Reaction Flow during r-Process Nucleosynthesis in


  We study the role of light neutron-rich nuclei during r-process
nucleosynthesis in supernovae. Most previous studies of the r-process have
concentrated on the reaction flow of heavy unstable nuclei. Although the
nuclear reaction network includes a few thousand heavy nuclei, only limited
reaction flow through light-mass nuclei near the stability line has been used
in those studies. However, in a viable scenario of the r-process in
neutrino-driven winds, the initial condition is a high-entropy hot plasma
consisting of neutrons, protons, and electron-positron pairs experiencing an
intense flux of neutrinos. In such environments light-mass nuclei as well as
heavy nuclei are expected to play important roles in the production of seed
nuclei and r-process elements. Thus, we have extended our fully implicit
nuclear reaction network so that it includes all nuclei up to the neutron drip
line for Z $ \leq 10$, in addition to a larger network for Z $ \geq 10$. In the
present nucleosynthesis study, we utilize a wind model of massive SNeII
explosions to study the effects of this extended network. We find that a new
nuclear-reaction flow path opens in the very light neutron-rich region. This
new nuclear reaction flow can change the final heavy-element abundances by as
much as an order of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113703 </DOCNO>
Do Fresnel coefficients exist?


  The starting point of the article is the puzzling fact that one cannot
recover the Fresnel coefficients by letting tend the width of a slab to
infinity. Without using the so-called limiting absorption principle, we show by
a convenient limit analysis that it is possible to define rigorously the field
diffracted by a semi-infinite periodic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75189 </DOCNO>
Unifying aspects of polarization of vector mesons from hard production


  Virtual photons have both the transverse and longitudinal polarization. In
the inclusive DIS the impact of longitudinal photons, quantified by
R=sigmaL/\igmaT sim 0.2, is marginal, but in diffractive DIS with excitation of
small mass hadronic states or exclusive diffraction into vector mesons, QCD
predicts R >> 1 in agreement with the experiment. After a brief review of the
modern status of QCD theory of diffractive vector meson production I argue that
longitudinally polarized gluons give rise to a large longitudinal polarization
of the prompt JPsi and Psiprim observed at the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83955 </DOCNO>
Towards Solving the Interdisciplinary Language Barrier Problem


  This work aims to make it easier for a specialist in one field to find and
explore ideas from another field which may be useful in solving a new problem
arising in his practice. It presents a methodology which serves to represent
the relationships that exist between concepts, problems, and solution patterns
from different fields of human activity in the form of a graph. Our approach is
based upon generalization and specialization relationships and problem solving.
It is simple enough to be understood quite easily, and general enough to enable
coherent integration of concepts and problems from virtually any field. We have
built an implementation which uses the World Wide Web as a support to allow
navigation between graph nodes and collaborative development of the graph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7163 </DOCNO>
Binding Energy of Charged Excitons in ZnSe-based Quantum Wells


  Excitons and charged excitons (trions) are investigated in ZnSe-based quantum
well structures with (Zn,Be,Mg)Se and (Zn,Mg)(S,Se) barriers by means of
magneto-optical spectroscopy. Binding energies of negatively () and positively
(X+) charged excitons are measured as functions of quantum well width, free
carrier density and in external magnetic fields up to 47 T. The binding energy
of shows a strong increase from 1.4 to 8.9 meV with decreasing quantum well
width from 190 to 29 A. The binding energies of X+ are about 25% smaller than
the binding energy in the same structures. The magnetic field behavior of and
X+ binding energies differ qualitatively. With growing magnetic field strength,
increases its binding energy by 35-150%, while for X+ it decreases by 25%.
Zeeman spin splittings and oscillator strengths of excitons and trions are
measured and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4856 </DOCNO>
Stripes and spin-incommensurabilities are favored by lattice


  Structural distortions in cuprate materials give a natural origin for
anisotropies in electron properties. We study a modified one-band t-J model
in which we allow for different hoppings and antiferromagnetic couplings in the
two spatial directions ($t_x \ne t_y$ and $J_x \ne J_y$). Incommensurate peaks
in the spin structure factor show up only in the presence of a lattice
anisotropy, whereas charge correlations, indicating enhanced fluctuations at
incommensurate wave vectors, are almost unaffected with respect to the
isotropic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4912 </DOCNO>
Off-lattice noise reduction and the ultimate scaling of DLA in two


  Off-lattice DLA clusters grown with different levels of noise reduction are
found to be consistent with a simple fractal fixed point. Cluster shapes and
their ensemble variation exhibit a dominant slowest correction to scaling,
which we interpret in terms of renormalized noise reduction. Earlier claims of
anomalous scaling in DLA were misled by the slow approach of the renormalized
noise reduction to its fixed point value. The limiting value of this variable
is strikingly small and is dominated by fluctuations in cluster shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168887 </DOCNO>
Channel Estimation with Noisy Entanglement


  We analyze the Pauli-channel estimation with mixed nonseparable states. It
turns out that within a specific range entanglement can serve as a nonclassical
resource. However, this range is rather small, that is entanglement is not very
robust for this application. We further show that Werner states yield the best
result of all Bell diagonal states with the same amount of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4879 </DOCNO>
The possible explanation of electric-field-doped C60 phenomenology in


  In a recent paper (J.H. Schon, Ch. Kloc, R.C. Haddon and B. Batlogg, Nature
408 (2000) 549) a large increase of the superconductiving critical temperature
was observed in C60 doped with holes by application of an intense electric
field. We demonstrate that the measured Tc versus doping curves can be
explained by solving the (four) s-wave Eliashberg equations in the case of a
finite, non half-filled energy band. In order to reproduce the experimental
data, we assume a Coulomb pseudopotential depending on the filling in a very
simple and plausible way. Reasonable values of the physical parameters involved
are obtained. The application of the same approach to new experimental data
(J.H. Schon, Ch. Kloc and B. Batlogg, Science 293 (2001) 2432) on electric
field doped lattice-expanded C60 single crystals Tc=117 K in the hole-doped
case) gives equally good results and places a theoretical limit to the linear
increase of Tc at the increase of the lattice spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148174 </DOCNO>
Geometry on string lattice


  Using the method developed by Callan and Thorlacius, we study the low energy
effective geometry on a two-dimensional string lattice by examining the
energy-momentum relations of the low energy propagation modes on the lattice.
We show that the geometry is identical for both the oscillation modes tangent
and transverse to the network plane. We determine the relation between the
geometry and the lattice variables. The lowest order effective field theory is
given by the dimensional reduction of the ten-dimensional N=1 Maxwell theory.
The gauge symmetry is related to a property of a three-string junction but not
of a higher order junction. A half of the supersymmetries in the effective
field theory should be broken at high energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86548 </DOCNO>
Maximum Mass-Radius Ratios for Charged Compact General Relativistic


  Upper limits for the mass-radius ratio and total charge are derived for
stable charged general relativistic matter distributions. For charged compact
objects the mass-radius ratio exceeds the value 4/9 corresponding to neutral
stars. General restrictions for the redshift and total energy (including the
gravitational contribution) are also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128599 </DOCNO>
A UBVR CCD Survey of the Magellanic Clouds


  We present photometry and a preliminary interpretation of a UBVR survey of
the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. We determine improved values for the
relative number of blue and red supergiants. We also compare the relative
number of Red Supergiants (RSGs) and Wolf-Rayet stars, demonstrating a strong,
tight correlation with metallicity, and reinvestigate the initial mass function
slope of massive stars found in the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179228 </DOCNO>
Coulomb excitation at ultra-relativistic energies


  In previous studies of the theory of Coulomb excitation, the term in the
electromagnetic interaction which is quadratic in the vector potential has been
ignored. In this paper, we use qualitative arguments and detailed numerical
calculations to show that this quadratic term must be included when the
bombarding energy is in excess of about 20 GeV per nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126826 </DOCNO>
Thermal Comptonization and Disk Thermal Reprocessing in NGC 3516


  We present an application of the thermal Comptonization/disk reprocessing
model recently proposed by Zdziarski, Lubi\'nski, & Smith. We show that the
absence of strong optical variations in the presence of strong concurrent X-ray
variations, similar to those found by HST/RXTE monitoring observations of NGC
3516, can be explained by changing the geometry of the Comptonizing plasma
rather than the accretion disk itself. The total X-ray luminosity of the
Comptonizing plasma must decrease as its spatial extent increases. In contrast,
the disk inner radius must be roughly fixed in order not to produce
optical/ultraviolet color variations stronger than observed. By including
emission due to internal viscous dissipation in the disk, we can roughly match
the optical and X-ray flux levels and variability amplitudes seen from NGC 3516
during the HST/RXTE campaign.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1211 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties and Fermi-surface topology of the


  The Fermi surface topology of the organic superconductor \lbets has been
determined using the Shubnikov-de Haas and magnetic breakdown effects and
angle-dependent magnetoresistance oscillations. The former experiments were
carried out in pulsed fields of up to 60 T, whereas the latter employed
quasistatic fields of up to 30 T. All of these data show that the Fermi-surface
topology of \lbets is very similar to that of the most heavily-studied organic
superconductor, \cuscn, except in one important respect; the interplane
transfer integral in \lbets is a factor $\sim 10$ larger than that in \cuscn .
The increased three-dimensionality of \lbets is manifested in radiofrequency
penetration-depth measurements, which show a clear dimensional crossover in the
behaviour of $H_{c2}(T)$. The radiofrequency measurements have also been used
to extract the Labusch parameter determining the fluxoid interactions as a
function of temperature, and to map the flux-lattice melting curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129232 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Feature in the X-ray


  Observations of the transient accreting pulsar XTE J1946+274 made with the
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer during the course of the 1998 September-November
outburst, reveal a cyclotron resonance scattering feature (or "cyclotron line")
in the hard X-ray spectrum near 35 keV. We determine a centroid energy of 36.2
+0.5/-0.7 keV, which implies a magnetic field strength of 3.1(1+z)x10^12 G,
where z is the gravitational redshift of the scattering region. The optical
depth, Tau = 0.33 +0.07/-0.06, and width, sigma = 3.37 +0.92/-0.75 keV, are
typical of known cyclotron lines in other pulsars. This discovery makes XTE
J1946+274 one of thirteen pulsars with securely detected cyclotron lines
resulting in direct magnetic field measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72464 </DOCNO>
ERG and Schwinger-Dyson Equations - Comparison in formulations and


  The advantageous points of ERG in applications to non-perturbative analyses
of quantum field theories are discussed in comparison with the Schwinger-Dyson
equations. First we consider the relation between these two formulations
specially by examining the large N field theories. In the second part we study
the phase structure of dynamical symmetry breaking in three dimensional QED as
a typical example of the practical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5997 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetism from phase disordering of a d-wave superconductor


  The unbinding of vortex defects in the superconducting condensate with d-wave
symmetry at T=0 is shown to lead to the insulator with incommensurate
spin-density-wave order. The transition is similar to the spontaneous
generation of the "chiral" mass in the three dimensional quantum
electrodynamics, at which the global chiral symmetry one can define in the
superconducting state is spontaneously broken. Other symmetry related states
and possible relations to recent experiments on uderdoped cuprates are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73402 </DOCNO>
Large-N_c meson theory


  We derive an effective Lagrangian for meson fields. This is done in the
light-cone gauge for two-dimensional large-N_c QCD by using the bilocal
auxiliary field method. The auxiliary fields are bilocal on light-cone space
and their Fourier transformation determines the parton momentum distribution.
As the first test of our method, the 't Hooft equation is derived from the
effective Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73811 </DOCNO>
Skyrme model and nonleptonic hyperon decays


  This report is an attempt to explain both s- and p-wave nonleptonic hyperon
decays by means of the QCD enhanced effective weak Hamiltonian supplemented by
the SU(3) Skyrme model used to estimate nonperturbative matrix elements. The
model has only one free parameter, namely, the Skyrme charge $e$, which is
fixed through the experimental values of the octet-decuplet mass splitting
$\Delta $ and the axial coupling constant $g_{A}$. Such a dynamical approach
produces nonleptonic hyperon decay amplitudes that agree with experimental data
reasonably well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83809 </DOCNO>
Tracing Execution of Software for Design Coverage


  Test suites are designed to validate the operation of a system against
requirements. One important aspect of a test suite design is to ensure that
system operation logic is tested completely. A test suite should drive a system
through all abstract states to exercise all possible cases of its operation.
This is a difficult task. Code coverage tools support test suite designers by
providing the information about which parts of source code are covered during
system execution. Unfortunately, code coverage tools produce only source code
coverage information. For a test engineer it is often hard to understand what
the noncovered parts of the source code do and how they relate to requirements.
We propose a generic approach that provides design coverage of the executed
software simplifying the development of new test suites. We demonstrate our
approach on common design abstractions such as statecharts, activity diagrams,
message sequence charts and structure diagrams. We implement the design
coverage using Third Eye tracing and trace analysis framework. Using design
coverage, test suites could be created faster by focussing on untested design
elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74278 </DOCNO>
How natural is a small \bar\theta in left-right SUSY models ?


  In the world without an axion the smallness of $\bar\theta$ may be achieved
due to a spontaneously broken discrete left-right symmetry. We analyze the
radiatively induced \bar\theta in the context of generic left-right symmetric
SUSY models without assuming flavor degeneracy in the squark sector. Left-right
symmetry allows to keep \bar\theta within its present bound only if the
inter-generational mass splitting in the squark sector at the scale of the
left-right symmetry breaking is smaller than 0.5%. We also consider the
naturalness of m_u=0 solution to the strong CP problem in the context of
horizontal flavor symmetries. A strong bound on the combination of the
horizontal charges in the Up quark sector is found in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125694 </DOCNO>
Local Goup HVCs: Status of the Evidence


  The evidence for locating the High Velocity Clouds in the Local Group is
summarized and evaluated. Recent measurements of the H$\alpha$ surface
brightness and metallicity of a number of HVCs appear to be fatal to the
Galactic fountain as a significant contributor to the HVC phenomenon, but not
to the existence of the fountain itself. Observations of extragalactic
analogues to HVCs remain the {\it sine qua non} for deciding whether the Local
Group hypothesis is viable, but the constraints based on existing surveys
appear to be rather weak. MgII quasar absorption lines restrict how many HVC
analogues exist at intermediate redshift, depending on where these lines
originate. It is concluded that the evidence remains ambiguous, none of the
main hypotheses is fully consistent with all of the data, and the Local Group
hypothesis remains a viable explanation for the HVC phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123648 </DOCNO>
Spatially Varying X-ray Synchrotron Emission in SN 1006


  A growing number of both galactic and extragalactic supernova remnants show
non-thermal (non-plerionic) emission in the X-ray band. New synchrotron models,
realized as SRESC and SRCUT in XSPEC 11, which use the radio spectral index and
flux as inputs and include the full single-particle emissivity, have
demonstrated that synchrotron emission is capable of producing the spectra of
dominantly non-thermal supernova remnants with interesting consequences for
residual thermal abundances and acceleration of particles. In addition, these
models deliver a much better-constrained separation between the thermal and
non-thermal components, whereas combining an unconstrained powerlaw with modern
thermal models can produce a range of acceptable fits. While synchrotron
emission can be approximated by a powerlaw over small ranges of energy, the
synchrotron spectrum is in fact steepening over the X-ray band. Having
demonstrated that the integrated spectrum of SN 1006, a remnant dominated by
non-thermal emission, is well described by synchrotron models I now turn to
spatially resolved observations of this well studied remnant. The synchrotron
models make both spectral and spatial predictions, describing how the
non-thermal emission varies across the remnant. Armed with spatially resolved
non-thermal models and new thermal models such as VPSHOCK we can now dissect
the inner workings of SN 1006.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1040 </DOCNO>
Effect of Band Structure on the Symmetry of Superconducting States


  Effects of the band structure on the symmetry of superconducting (SC) states
are studied. For a square lattice system with a nearest-neighbor attractive
interaction, SC states with various symmetries are found by changing the band
structure, or, the shape of the Fermi surface. The spin-triplet ($(p_x +
ip_y)$-wave) and spin-singlet ($d$- or s-wave) SC states, and states with their
coexistence ($d + ip_y$, $s + ip_y$) can be stabilized within the same type of
interaction. The stability of interlayer-pairing states with line nodes is also
examined, and its relation to the SC state of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74537 </DOCNO>
Fixation of theoretical ambiguities in the improved fits to $xF_3$ CCFR


  Using the results for the NNLO QCD corrections to anomalous dimensions of odd
$xF_3$ Mellin moments and N$^3$LO corrections to their coefficient functions we
improve our previous analysis of the CCFR'97 data for $xF_3$. The possibility
of extracting from the fits of $1/Q^2$-corrections is analysed using three
independent models,including infrared renormalon one. Theoretical quetion of
applicability of the renormalon-type inspired large-$\beta_0$ approximation for
estimating corrections to the coefficient functions of odd $xF_3$ and even
non-singlet $F_2$ moments are considered. The comparison with [1/1] Pad\'e
estimates is given. The obtained NLO and NNLO values of $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ are
supporting the results of our less definite previous analysis and are in
agreement with the world average value $\alpha_s(M_Z)\approx 0.118$. We also
present first N$^3$LO extraction of $\alpha_s(M_Z)$. The interplay between
higher-order perturbative QCD corrections and $1/Q^2$-terms is demonstrated.
The results of our studies are compared with those obtained recently using the
NNLO model of the kernel of DGLAP equation and with the results of the NNLO
fits to CCFR'97 $xF_3$ data, performed by the Bernstein polynomial technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76395 </DOCNO>
Production of singlino dominated neutralinos in extended supersymmetric


  Neutralinos with a large singlino component may appear in extended
supersymmetric models with additional singlet Higgs fields. Since singlinos do
not couple to (s)fermions and gauge bosons, the cross sections for the
production of singlino dominated neutralinos are generally small. Within the
framework of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) and an
E_6 inspired model we study neutralino production e^+ e^- --> neutralino_1
neutralino_2 (neutralino_1,2 neutralino_3) with a singlino dominated
neutralino_2 (neutralino_3). It is shown that neutralinos with a singlino
contribution up to 99 % can be produced with a cross section larger than 1 fb
and may therefore be detected at a high luminosity e^+ e^- linear collider even
if they are not the LSP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75463 </DOCNO>
Soft-Collinear Factorization in Effective Field Theory


  The factorization of soft and ultrasoft gluons from collinear particles is
shown at the level of operators in an effective field theory. Exclusive
hadronic factorization and inclusive partonic factorization follow as special
cases. The leading order Lagrangian is derived using power counting and gauge
invariance in the effective theory. Several species of gluons are required, and
softer gluons appear as background fields to gluons with harder momenta. Two
examples are given: the factorization of soft gluons in B->D pi, and the
soft-collinear convolution for the B->Xs gamma spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96554 </DOCNO>
Modular categories and orbifold models


  In this paper, we try to answer the following question: given a modular
tensor category $\A$ with an action of a compact group $G$, is it possible to
describe in a suitable sense the ``quotient'' category $\A/G$? We give a full
answer in the case when $\A=\vec$ is the category of vector spaces; in this
case, $\vec/G$ turns out to be the category of representation of Drinfeld's
double $D(G)$. This should be considered as category theory analog of
topological identity ${pt}//G=BG$. This implies a conjecture of Dijkgraaf,
Vafa, E. Verlinde and H. Verlinde regarding so-called orbifold conformal field
theories: if $\V$ is a vertex operator algebra which has a unique irreducible
module, $\V$ itself, and $G$ is a compact group of automorphisms of $\V$, and
some not too restricitive technical conditions are satisfied, then $G$ is
finite, and the category of representations of the algebra of invariants,
$\V^G$, is equivalent as a tensor category to the category of representations
of Drinfeld's double $D(G)$. We also get some partial results in the
non-holomorphic case, i.e. when $\V$ has more than one simple module.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98268 </DOCNO>
Strong and weak mean value properties on trees


  We consider the mean value properties for finite variation measures with
respect to a Markov operator in a discrete environnement. We prove equivalent
conditions for the weak mean value property in the case of general Markov
operators and for the strong mean value property in the case of transient
Markov operators adapted to a tree structure. In this last case, conditions for
the equivalence between weak and strong mean value properties are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126841 </DOCNO>
Chaotic motion and ballistic ejection of gravitating shells


  It is shown that during the motion of two initially gravitationally bound
spherical shells, consisting of point particles moving along ballistic
trajectories, one of the shell may be expelled to infinity at subrelativistic
speed $v_{exp}\leq 0.24 c$. The problem is solved in Newtonian gravity. Motion
of two intersecting shells in the case when they do not runaway shows a chaotic
behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149558 </DOCNO>
On Condensation of Closed-string Tachyons


  An F-theory dual of a nonsupersymmetric orientifold is considered. It is
argued that the condensation of both open and closed string tachyons in the
orientifold corresponds to the annihilation of branes and anti-branes in the
F-theory dual. The end-point of tachyon condensation is thus expected to be the
vacuum of Type-IIB superstring. Some speculations are presented about the
F-theory dual of the bosonic string and tachyon condensation thereof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96928 </DOCNO>
Extension of Fill's perfect rejection sampling algorithm to general


  By developing and applying a broad framework for rejection sampling using
auxiliary randomness, we provide an extension of the perfect sampling algorithm
of Fill (1998) to general chains on quite general state spaces, and describe
how use of bounding processes can ease computational burden. Along the way, we
unearth a simple connection between the Coupling From The Past (CFTP) algorithm
originated by Propp and Wilson (1996) and our extension of Fill's algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3869 </DOCNO>
Ge(001)-(2 1 0 3)-Pb <-> (2 1 0 6)-Pb: low-temperature two-dimensional


  The Ge(001)-(2 1 0 3)-Pb surface reconstruction with a lead coverage of 5/3
monolayer is on the borderline between the low-coverage covalently-bonded and
high-coverage metallic lead overlayers. This gives rise to an unusual
low-temperature phase transition with concomitant changes in the bonding
configuration. Both the room-temperature and low-temperature phases of this
system were investigated by surface x-ray diffraction using synchrotron
radiation. The room-temperature Ge(001)-(2 1 0 3) phase is best described by a
model with dynamically flipping germanium dimers underneath a distorted Pb(111)
overlayer with predominantly metallic properties. In the low-temperature
Ge(001)-(2 1 0 6) phase the dimers are static and the interaction between
adsorbate and substrate and within the adsorbate is stronger than at room
temperature. These results suggest that the phase transition is of
order-disorder type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129229 </DOCNO>
A Closer Look at the Soft X-ray Transient X1608-52: Long-term


  We report long-term simultaneous optical and (RXTE) X-ray observations of the
soft X-ray transient and low mass X-ray binary X1608-52 spanning from 1999 to
2001. In addition to the usual X-ray outburst and quiescent states, X1608-52
also exhibits an extended low intensity state during which the optical
counterpart, QX Nor, is found to be about two magnitudes brighter than during
quiescence. We detect optical photometric variability on a possible period of
0.5370 days with a semi-amplitude of ~0.27 mag in the I band. The modulation
could be orbital but is also consistent with a scenario invoking a superhump
with decreasing period. Observations of QX Nor during quiescence indicate an F
to G type main sequence secondary while theoretical considerations argue for an
evolved mass donor. Only an evolved mass donor would satisfy the condition for
the occurrence of superhumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1330 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Effects in the Pseudogap Phase: A Competing Energy Gap


  We study the sensitivity of T_c and T^* to low fields, H, within the
pseudogap state using a BCS-based approach extended to arbitrary coupling. We
find that T^* and T_c, which are of the same superconducting origin, have very
different H dependences. This is due to the pseudogap, \Delta_{pg}, which is
present at the latter, but not former temperature. Our results for the
coherence length \xi fit well with existing experiments.We predict that very
near the insulator \xi will rapidly increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73064 </DOCNO>
Infrared Divergence and Twist-3 Distribution Amplitudes in QCD


  Since b quark mass is not asymptotically large, chirally enhanced corrections
which arise from twist-3 wave functions may be important in B decays. We thus
evaluate the hadronic matrix elements with the final light pseudoscalar mesons
described by leading twist and twist-3 distribution amplitudes. We find that
chirally enhanced corrections can be included consistently in the framework of
QCD factorization only if the twist-3 distribution amplitudes are symmetric. We
then give explicit expressions of $a_i^p$ for $B \to \pi\pi$ at the
next-to-leading order of $\alpha_s$ including chirally enhanced corrections. We
also briefly discuss the divergence appeared in the hard spectator
contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74111 </DOCNO>
Muon transverse polarization in the $K_{l2\gamma}$ process within the SM


  We consider two possible sources of the $T$-violating muon transverse
polarization in the process $K^+ \to \mu^+
  \nu \gamma$: electromagnetic final state interaction in the SM and
contribution due to charged-Higgs exchange diagrams in the framework of the
Weinberg three doublets model. It is shown that at the one-loop level of the SM
the muon transverse polarization, $P_T^{SM}$, varies within $(0.0 \div 1.1
\cdot 10^{-3})$ in the Dalitz plot region. Averaged value of the muon
polarization, $<P^{SM}_T>$, in the kinematic region of $E_\gamma \geq 20$ MeV
is equal to $4.76\cdot 10^{-4}$. In the case of the model with three Higgs
doublets the muon transverse polarization is calculated as a function of
charged Higgs masses, imaginary part of the Yukawa coupling constants product
and vacuum expectation values of the Higgs doublets. The averaged value of the
transverse polarization in the Weinberg model is $<P^{Higgs}_T > = - 6.62 \cdot
10^{-5}$. Perspectives to probe the effect caused by the charged Higgs exchange
diagrams in planned kaon experiments are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123459 </DOCNO>
On Echo Outbursts and ER UMa Supercycles in SU UMa-type Cataclysmic


  I present a variation on Osaki's tidal-thermal-instability model for SU UMa
behavior. I suggest that in systems with the lowest mass ratios, the
angular-momentum dissipation in an eccentric disk is unable to sustain the disk
on the hot side of the thermal instability. This decoupling of the tidal and
thermal instabilities in systems with q < 0.07 allows a better explanation of
the `echo' outbursts of EG Cnc and the short supercycles of RZ LMi and DI UMa.
The idea might also apply to the soft X-ray transients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97366 </DOCNO>
Generalized sine-Gordon/massive Thirring models and soliton/particle


  We consider a real Lagrangian off-critical submodel describing the soliton
sector of the so-called conformal affine $sl(3)^{(1)}$ Toda model coupled to
matter fields (CATM). The theory is treated as a constrained system in the
context of Faddeev-Jackiw and the symplectic schemes. We exhibit the parent
Lagrangian nature of the model from which generalizations of the sine-Gordon
(GSG) or the massive Thirring (GMT) models are derivable. The dual description
of the model is further emphasized by providing the relationships between
bilinears of GMT spinors and relevant expressions of the GSG fields. In this
way we exhibit the strong/weak coupling phases and the (generalized)
soliton/particle correspondences of the model. The $sl(n)^{(1)}$ case is also
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148597 </DOCNO>
Fractional D1-Branes at Finite Temperature


  The supergravity dual of $N$ regular and $M$ fractional D1-branes on the cone
over the Einstein manifold $Q^{1,1,1}$ has a naked singularity in the infrared.
The supergravity dual of $N$ regular and $M$ fractional D3-branes on the
conifold also has such a singularity. Buchel suggested and Gubser et al. have
shown that in the D3-brane case, the naked singularity is cloaked by a horizon
at a sufficiently high temperature. In this paper we derive the system of
second-order differential equations necessary to find such a solution for
$Q^{1,1,1}$. We also find solutions to this system in perturbation theory that
is valid when the Hawking temperature of the horizon is very high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179154 </DOCNO>
Shape coexistence and tilted-axis rotation in neutron-rich hafnium


  We have performed tilted-axis-cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations
for a neutron-rich hafnium isotope ($^{182}$Hf) whose proton and neutron
numbers are both in the upper shell region. We study whether the shell effects
play a role in producing high-$K$ isomers or highly gamma-deformed states at
high spin. In particular, the possibility of shape coexistence and the effect
of wobbling motion are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74839 </DOCNO>
GUT Breaking on the Lattice


  We construct a supersymmetric grand unified model in the framework of a
latticized extra dimension. The SU(5) symmetries on the lattice are broken by
the vacuum expectation values of the link fields connecting adjacent SU(5)
sites, leaving just the MSSM at low energies. Below the SU(5) breaking scale,
the theory gives rise to a similar spectrum as in orbifold breaking of SU(5)
symmetry in 5 dimensions, and shares many features with the latter scenario. We
discuss gauge coupling unification and proton decay emphasizing the differences
with respect to the usual grand unified theories. Our model may be viewed as an
effective four dimensional description of the orbifold symmetry breaking in
higher dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75235 </DOCNO>
Fermion Masses and Mixing Angles from SU(3) Family Symmetry


  We propose a model based on SU(3) family symmetry which leads to a successful
description of quark and lepton masses and mixing angles including approximate
bi-maximal mixing in the neutrino sector suitable for the LOW or quasi-vacuum
solar solutions, with the atmospheric angle predicted to be accurately maximal
due to the SU(3) symmetry. The model predicts a CHOOZ angle $\theta_{13}\sim
|V_{ub}|.$ The SU(3) symmetry can also ensure the near degeneracy of squarks
and sleptons needed to avoid large flavour changing neutral currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179754 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Photoabsorption at Photon Energies between 300 and 850 Mev


  We construct the formula for the photonuclear total absorption cross section
using the projection method and the unitarity relation. Our treatment is very
effective when interference effects in the absorption processes on a nucleon
are strong. The disappearance of the peak around the position of the $D_{13}$
resonance in the nuclear photoabsorption can be explained with the cooperative
effect of the interference in two-pion production processes,the Fermi motion,
the collision broadenings of $\Delta$ and $N^*$, and the pion distortion in the
nuclear medium. The change of the interference effect by the medium plays an
important role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174811 </DOCNO>
Extended Superscaling of Electron Scattering from Nuclei


  An extended study of scaling of the first and second kinds for inclusive
electron scattering from nuclei is presented. Emphasis is placed on the
transverse response in the kinematic region lying above the quasielastic peak.
In particular, for the region in which electroproduction of resonances is
expected to be important, approximate scaling of the second kind is observed
and the modest breaking of it is shown probably to be due to the role played by
an inelastic version of the usual scaling variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97841 </DOCNO>
A residue theorem for rational trigonometric sums and Verlinde's formula


  We present a compact formula computing rational trigonometric sums. E.
Verlinde's expression for the dimension of conformal blocks in WZW theory is an
example of such a sum. As an application, we show that a formula of Bismut and
Labourie for the Riemann-Roch numbers of moduli spaces of flat connections on a
Riemann surface coincides with Verlinde's expression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113657 </DOCNO>
Principle of Equivalence and gravitational mass of classical charged


  We show that locally constant force necessary to get a stable hyperbolic
motion regime for classical charged particles, actually, is a subtle
combination of an applied external force and the radiation reaction force. It
suggests, as the Principle of Equivalence is valid, that the gravitational mass
of charged particle should be slight greater than its inertial mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168326 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic decoherence in atomic diffraction by standing light wave


  We study the effects of time uncertainty in the interaction of atoms with a
standing light wave. We discuss its physical origin and the possibility to
observe intrinsic decoherence effects by measuring the atomic momentum
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148680 </DOCNO>
On the Supersymmetry of Non-BPS D-brane


  In this paper we extend the boundary string field theory action for a non-BPS
D-brane to the one including the target space fermions and the nonlinear
supersymmetry with 32 supercharges up to some order. This is based on the idea
that the vacuum with a non-BPS D-brane belongs to the spontaneously broken
phase of the supersymmetry. As a result, we find that the action is almost
uniquely determined up to the field redefinition ambiguities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76874 </DOCNO>
Strange particle production at RHIC in a single-freeze-out model


  Strange particle ratios and pT-spectra are calculated in a thermal model with
single freeze-out, previously used successfully to describe non-strange
particle production at RHIC. The model and the recently released data for phi,
Lambda, anti-Lambda, and K*(892) are in very satisfactory agreement, showing
that the thermal approach can be used to describe the strangeness production at
RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6971 </DOCNO>
Spin relaxation of conduction electrons in bulk III-V semiconductors


  Spin relaxation time of conduction electrons through the Elliot-Yafet,
D'yakonov-Perel and Bir-Aronov-Pikus mechanisms is calculated theoretically for
bulk GaAs, GaSb, InAs and InSb of both $n$- and $p$-type. Relative importance
of each spin relaxation mechanism is compared and the diagrams showing the
dominant mechanism are constructed as a function of temperature and impurity
concentrations. Our approach is based upon theoretical calculation of the
momentum relaxation rate and allows understanding of the interplay between
various factors affecting the spin relaxation over a broad range of temperature
and impurity concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83811 </DOCNO>
Competing DNS Roots: Creative Destruction or Just Plain Destruction?


  The Internet Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical name space that
enables the assignment of unique, mnemonic identifiers to Internet hosts and
the consistent mapping of these names to IP addresses. The root of the domain
name system is the top of the hierarchy and is currently managed by a
quasi-private centralized regulatory authority, the Internet Corporation for
Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). This paper identifies and discusses the
economic and policy issues raised by competing DNS roots. The paper provides a
precise definition of root-competition and shows that multiple roots are a
species of standards competition, in which network externalities play a major
role. The paper performs a structural analysis of the different forms that
competing DNS roots can take and their effects on end-user compatibility. It
then explores the policy implications of the various forms of competition.
  The thesis of the paper is that root competition is caused by a severe
disjunction between the demand for and supply of top-level domain names. ICANN
has authorized a tiny number of new top-level domains (7) and subjected their
operators to excruciatingly slow and expensive contractual negotiations. The
growth of alternate DNS roots is an attempt to bypass that bottleneck. The
paper arrives at the policy conclusion that competition among DNS roots should
be permitted and is a healthy outlet for inefficiency or abuses of power by the
dominant root administrator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150272 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian of Tensionless Strings with Tensor Central Charge


  A new class of twistor-like string models in four-dimensional space-time
extended by the addition of six tensorial central charge (TCC) coordinates
$z_{mn}$ is studied. The Hamiltonian of tensionless string in the extended
space-time is derived and its symmetries are investigated. We establish that
the string constraints reduce the number of independent TCC coordinates
$z_{mn}$ to one real effective coordinate which composes an effective
5-dimensional target space together with the $x^{m}$ coordinates. We construct
the P.B. algebra of the first class constraints and discover that it coincides
with the P.B. algebra of tensionless strings. The Lorentz covariant
antisymmetric Dirac $\hat{\mathbf C}$-matrix of the P.B. of the second class
constraints is constructed and its algebraic structure is further presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127633 </DOCNO>
Transport of Cosmic Rays in Chaotic Magnetic Fields


  The transport of charged particles in disorganised magnetic fields is an
important issue which concerns the propagation of cosmic rays of all energies
in a variety of astrophysical environments, such as the interplanetary,
interstellar and even extra-galactic media, as well as the efficiency of Fermi
acceleration processes. We have performed detailed numerical experiments using
Monte-Carlo simulations of particle propagation in stochastic magnetic fields
in order to measure the parallel and transverse spatial diffusion coefficients
and the pitch angle scattering time as a function of rigidity and strength of
the turbulent magnetic component. We confirm the extrapolation to high
turbulence levels of the scaling predicted by the quasi-linear approximation
for the scattering frequency and parallel diffusion coefficient at low
rigidity. We show that the widely used Bohm diffusion coefficient does not
provide a satisfactory approximation to diffusion even in the extreme case
where the mean field vanishes. We find that diffusion also takes place for
particles with Larmor radii larger than the coherence length of the turbulence.
We argue that transverse diffusion is much more effective than predicted by the
quasi-linear approximation, and appears compatible with chaotic magnetic
diffusion of the field lines. We provide numerical estimates of the Kolmogorov
length and magnetic line diffusion coefficient as a function of the level of
turbulence. Finally we comment on applications of our results to astrophysical
turbulence and the acceleration of high energy cosmic rays in supernovae
remnants, in super-bubbles, and in jets and hot spots of powerful
radio-galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73904 </DOCNO>
Status of the Gribov-Pontecorvo Solution to the Solar Neutrino Problem


  We discuss the status of the Gribov-Pontecorvo (GP) solution to the solar
neutrino problem. This solution naturally appears in bimaximal neutrino mixing
and reduces the solar and atmospheric neutrino problems to vacuum oscillations
of three active neutrinos. The GP solution predicts an energy-independent
suppression of the solar neutrino flux. It is disfavoured by the rate of the
Homestake detector, but its statistical significance greatly improves, when the
chlorine rate and the boron neutrino flux are slightly rescaled, and when the
Super-Kamiokande neutrino spectrum is included in the analysis. Our results
show that rescaling of the chlorine signal by only 10% is sufficient for the GP
solution to exist, if the boron-neutrino flux is taken 10 -- 20% lower than
the SSM prediction. The regions allowed for the GP solution in the parameter
space are found and observational signatures of this solution are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168829 </DOCNO>
Quantum versus classical descriptions of sub-Poissonian light generation


  Sub-Poissonian light generation in the non-degenerate three-wave mixing is
studied numerically and analytically within quantum and classical approaches.
Husimi Q-functions and their classical trajectory simulations are analysed to
reveal a special regime corresponding to the time-stable sub-Poissonian
photocount statistics of the sum-frequency mode. Conditions for observation of
this regime are discussed. Theoretical predictions of the Fano factor and
explanation of the extraordinary stabilization of the sub-Poissonian photocount
behavior are obtained analytically by applying the classical trajectories.
Scaling laws for the maximum sub-Poissonian behavior are found. Noise
suppression levels in the non-degenerate vs degenerate three-wave mixing are
discussed on different time scales compared to the revival times. It is shown
that the non-degenerate conversion offers much better stabilization of the
suppressed noise in comparison to that of degenerate process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128593 </DOCNO>
The difficult discrimination of Impulse Stimulated Raman Scattering


  The Impulsive Stimulated Raman Scattering (ISRS) is a parametric light-matter
interaction which shifts the frequencies of two ultrashort laser light pulses
by a non-quantified transfer of energy. As ISRS has no threshold, the laser
pulses may be replaced by the pulses which constitute the ordinary incoherent
light. This replacement has the expected qualitative effect on the time
constants required to observe ISRS: nanosecond collisional time and Raman
period. It has also a qualitative effect, the frequency shifts become
independent on the intensity; thus we use a new name for this avatar of ISRS:
"Incoherent Light Coherent Raman Scattering" (ILCRS).
  The coherence makes ILCRS very different from the ordinary Raman effect
proposed as an alternative to Doppler effect in the past: ILCRS is a stronger
light-matter interaction, it does not blur the images, nether the spectra; the
beams which receive energy are in the thermal radiation.
  The shifts of the spectra produced either by a Doppler effect, or by ILCRS
are very similar. However ILCRS is subject to a dispersion which perturbs
slightly the spectra. ILCRS is the key of a model of quasars which explains all
observations, without any new matter or physical theory: no fast moving cloud,
no dark matter, no variation of the fine structure constant, no invisible
object.
  The redshifts and the thermal radiation produced by ILCRS should not be
neglected a priori.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81272 </DOCNO>
Lattice Quark Propagator in Landau and Laplacian Gauges


  We present results for the lattice quark propagator in both Landau and
Laplacian gauges using standard and improved staggered quark actions. The
standard Kogut-Susskind action has errors of \oa{2} while the improved
``Asqtad'' action has \oa{4}, \oag{2}{2} errors. This improvement is seen in
the quark propagator. We demonstrate the application of tree-level corrections
to these actions and see that Landau and Laplacian gauges produce very similar
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86944 </DOCNO>
Spatially Filtering the Binary Confusion Noise for Space Gravitational


  For the last fifteen years, the limiting noise source at the low frequency
end of the sensitivity window for space gravitational wave detectors has been
expected to be the confusion background of overlapping galactic binary stars.
Here, we present results of a study that investigates the correlation between
binary star signals and conclude that there is a spatial filter in the
position-dependent Doppler shift of each binary that sharply reduces the
contribution of the galactic binary confusion to the noise in the detector when
a monochromatic source is being detected. The sensitivity is thus determined by
the instrument alone, and the confusion noise may effectively be ignored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72847 </DOCNO>
The generalized vector dominance/colour-dipole picture of deep-inelastic


  We give a detailed account of the recently formulated generalized vector
dominance/colour-dipole picture (GVD/CDP) of deep-inelastic scattering at low
$x\cong Q^2/W^2$, including photoproduction. The approach, based on $\gamma^*(q
\bar q)$ transitions, $q \bar q$ propagation and diffractive $(q \bar q)p$
scattering via the generic structure of the two-gluon exchange, provides a
unique and quantitatively successful theory for the $\gamma^* p$ total cross
section, $\sigma_{\gamma^* p} (W^2,Q^2)$, at low $x$. The GVD/CDP is shown to
imply the empirical low-$x$ scaling law, $\sigma_{\gamma^* p}
(W^2,Q^2)=\sigma_{\gamma^* p} (\eta)$ with $\eta=(Q^2+m_0^2)/\Lambda^2(W^2)$,
that was established by a model-independent analysis of the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74297 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD at High Temperature and Density


  After a brief introduction into basic aspects of the formulation of lattice
regularized QCD at finite temperature and density we discuss our current
understanding of the QCD phase diagram at finite temperature. We present
results from lattice calculations that emphasize the deconfining as well as
chiral symmetry restoring features of the QCD transition, and discuss the
thermodynamics of the high temperature phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127656 </DOCNO>
A Comparative Study of Globular Cluster Systems in UGC 9799 and NGC 1129


  We present a preliminary analysis of HST-WFPC2 observations of globular
cluster systems in the two brightest galaxies, UGC 9799 (cD) and NGC 1129
(non-cD), located in the center of rich clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98728 </DOCNO>
Directed homotopy theory, I. The fundamental category


  Directed Algebraic Topology is beginning to emerge from various applications.
   The basic structure we shall use for such a theory, a 'd-space', is a
topological space equipped with a family of 'directed paths', closed under some
operations. This allows for 'directed homotopies', generally non reversible,
represented by a cylinder and cocylinder functors. The existence of 'pastings'
(colimits) yields a geometric realisation of cubical sets as d-spaces, together
with homotopy constructs which will be developed in a sequel. Here, the
'fundamental category' of a d-space is introduced and a 'Seifert - van Kampen'
theorem proved; its homotopy invariance rests on 'directed homotopy' of
categories. In the process, new shapes appear, for d-spaces but also for small
categories, their elementary algebraic model.
   Applications of such tools are briefly considered or suggested, for objects
which model a directed image, or a portion of space-time, or a concurrent
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1754 </DOCNO>
Power law correlations in the Southern Oscillation Index fluctuations


  The southern oscillation index (SOI) is a characteristic of the El Nino
phenomenon. SOI monthly averaged data is analyzed for the time interval
1866-2000. The tail of the cumulative distribution of the fluctuations of SOI
signal is studied in order to characterize the amplitude scaling of the
fluctuations and the occurrence of extreme events. Large fluctuations are more
likely to occur than the Gaussian distribution would predict. The time scaling
of fluctuations is studied by applying the energy spectrum and the Detrended
Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) statistical method. Self-affine properties are found
to be pertinent to the SOI signal and therefore suggest power law correlations
of fluctuations of the signal. Antipersistent type of correlations exist for a
time interval ranging from about 4 months to about 6 years. This leads to favor
specific physical models for El Nino description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5022 </DOCNO>
Exact renormalization of the random transverse-field Ising spin chain in


  The real-space renormalization group (RG) treatment of random
transverse-field Ising spin chains by Fisher ({\it Phys. Rev. B{\bf 51}, 6411
(1995)}) has been extended into the strongly ordered and strongly disordered
Griffiths phases and asymptotically exact results are obtained. In the
non-critical region the asymmetry of the renormalization of the couplings and
the transverse fields is related to a non-linear quantum control parameter,
$\Delta$, which is a natural measure of the distance from the quantum critical
point. $\Delta$, which is found to stay invariant along the RG trajectories and
has been expressed by the initial disorder distributions, stands in the
singularity exponents of different physical quantities (magnetization,
susceptibility, specific heat, etc), which are exactly calculated. In this way
we have observed a weak-universality scenario: the Griffiths-McCoy
singularities does not depend on the form of the disorder, provided the
non-linear quantum control parameter has the same value. The exact scaling
function of the magnetization with a small applied magnetic field is calculated
and the critical point magnetization singularity is determined in a simple,
direct way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3207 </DOCNO>
Landau diamagnetism revisited


  The problem of diamagnetism, solved by Landau, continues to pose fascinating
issues which have relevance even today. These issues relate to inherent quantum
nature of the problem, the role of boundary and dissipation, the meaning of
thermodynamic limits, and above all, the quantum-classical crossover occasioned
by environment-induced decoherence. The Landau Diamagnetism provides a unique
paradigm for discussing these issues, the significance of which are
far-reaching. Our central result is a remarkable one as it connects the mean
orbital magnetic moment, a thermodynamic property, with the electrical
resistivity, which characterizes transport properties of materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86930 </DOCNO>
Relativistic r-modes in Slowly Rotating Neutron Stars: Numerical


  We investigate the properties of relativistic $r$-modes of slowly rotating
neutron stars by using a relativistic version of the Cowling approximation. In
our formalism, we take into account the influence of the Coriolis like force on
the stellar oscillations, but ignore the effects of the centrifugal like force.
For three neutron star models, we calculated the fundamental $r$-modes with
$l'=m=2$ and 3. We found that the oscillation frequency $\bar\sigma$ of the
fundamental $r$-mode is in a good approximation given by $\bar\sigma\approx
\kappa_0 \Omega$, where $\bar\sigma$ is defined in the corotating frame at the
spatial infinity, and $\Omega$ is the angular frequency of rotation of the
star. The proportional coefficient $\kappa_0$ is only weakly dependent on
$\Omega$, but it strongly depends on the relativistic parameter $GM/c^2R$,
where $M$ and $R$ are the mass and the radius of the star. All the fundamental
$r$-modes with $l'=m$ computed in this study are discrete modes with distinct
regular eigenfunctions, and they all fall in the continuous part of the
frequency spectrum associated with Kojima's equation (Kojima 1998). These
relativistic $r$-modes are obtained by including the effects of rotation higher
than the first order of $\Omega$ so that the buoyant force plays a role, the
situation of which is quite similar to that for the Newtonian $r$-modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3821 </DOCNO>
Boundary polarization in the six-vertex model


  Vertical-arrow fluctuations near the boundaries in the six-vertex model on
the two-dimensional $N \times N$ square lattice with the domain wall boundary
conditions are considered. The one-point correlation function (`boundary
polarization') is expressed via the partition function of the model on a
sublattice. The partition function is represented in terms of standard objects
in the theory of orthogonal polynomials. This representation is used to study
the large N limit: the presence of the boundary affects the macroscopic
quantities of the model even in this limit. The logarithmic terms obtained are
compared with predictions from conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96325 </DOCNO>
Zeta functions for Riemann zeros


  Various Zeta functions built as Dirichlet series over the Riemann zeros are
shown to have meromorphic extensions in the whole complex plane, for which
numerous analytical features (the polar structure, and countably many sum
rules) are explicitly displayed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1293 </DOCNO>
Inelastic co-tunneling through an excited state of a quantum dot


  We consider the transport spectroscopy of a quantum dot with an even number
of electrons at finite bias voltage within the Coulomb blockade diamond. We
calculate the tunneling current due to the elastic and inelastic co-tunneling
processes associated with the spin-singlet ground state and the spin-triplet
first excited state. We find a step in the differential conductance at a bias
voltage equal to the excitation energy with a peak at the step edge. This may
explain the recently observed sharp features in finite bias spectroscopy of
semi-conductor quantum dots and carbon nanotubes. Two limiting cases are
considered: (i) for a low excitation energy, the excited state can decay only
by inelastic co-tunneling due to Coulomb blockade (ii) for a higher excitation
energy the excited state can decay by sequential tunneling. We consider two
spin-degenerate orbitals that are active in the transport. The nonequilibrium
state of the dot is described using master equations taking spin degrees of
freedom into account. The transition rates are calculated up to second order in
perturbation theory. To calculate the current we derive a closed set of master
equations for the spin-averaged occupations of the transport states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174654 </DOCNO>
The Los Alamos Spallation Driven Solid Deuterium Ultracold Neutron


  The working notes which led to the physics demonstration ultracold neutron
source that has been operated at Los Alamos are transcribed here. In addition
to the transcribed notes, included are a Prologue that describes the path that
led to be basic idea, and an Epilogue that describes some of the discoveries in
the implementation of the idea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75422 </DOCNO>
On Analytic Properties of the Photon Polarization Function in a


  We examine the analytic properties of the photon polarization function in a
background magnetic field, using the technique of inverse Mellin transform. The
photon polarization function is first expressed as a power series of the photon
energy $\omega$ with $\omega< 2m_e$. Based upon this energy expansion and the
branch cut of the photon polarization function in the complex $\omega$ plane,
we compute the absorptive part of the polarization function with the inverse
Mellin transform. Our results are valid for arbitrary photon energies and
magnetic-field strengths. The applications of our approach are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128794 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the angular correlation function of radio galaxies from


  We quantify the angular distribution of radio sources in the NVSS by
measuring the two-point angular correlation function. By careful consideration
of the resolution of radio galaxies into multiple components, we are able to
determine both the galaxy angular clustering and the size distribution of giant
radio galaxies. The slope of the correlation function for radio galaxies agrees
with that for other classes of galaxy, gamma = 1.8, with a 3D correlation
length r_0 = 6 h^-1 Mpc (under certain assumptions). Calibration problems in
the survey prevent clustering analysis below 10 mJy. About 7 per cent of radio
galaxies are resolved by NVSS into multiple components, with a power-law size
distribution. Our work calls into question previous analyses and
interpretations of the angular correlation function from radio surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76718 </DOCNO>
Branes and Inflationary Cosmology


  We discuss a brane based inflationary scenario in which an initially
non-supersymmetric configuration involving a D4 brane is dynamically
transformed into a supersymmteric one in a background space-time geometry
determined by a stack of D6 branes. Inflation is realized in the effective four
dimensional theory and ends after reaching a stable BPS configuration. The
scalar spectral index turns out to be 0.98. Under some simplifying assumption
the reheat temperature, Hubble constant and the string scale are estimated to
be of order $10^{8}$ GeV, $10^{12}$ GeV and $10^{16}$ GeV, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86180 </DOCNO>
A phenomenological description of quantum-gravity-induced space-time


  I propose a phenomenological description of space-time foam and discuss the
experimental limits that are within reach of forthcoming experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4899 </DOCNO>
Evidence of Doping-Dependent Pairing Symmetry in Cuprate Superconductors


  Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) studies reveal long-range spatial
homogeneity and predominantly $d_{x^2-y^2}$-pairing spectral characteristics in
under- and optimally doped $\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ superconductors, whereas
STS on $\rm YBa_2(Cu_{0.9934}Zn_{0.0026}Mg_{0.004})_3O_{6.9}$ exhibits {\it
microscopic} spatial modulations and strong scattering near the Zn or Mg
impurity sites, together with global suppression of the pairing potential. In
contrast, in overdoped $\rm (Y_{0.7}Ca_{0.3})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$,
$(d_{x^2-y^2}+s)$-pairing symmetry is found, suggesting significant changes in
the superconducting ground-state at a critical doping value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2893 </DOCNO>
Derivation of a non-objective Oldroyd model from the Boltzmann equation


  I calculate the hydrodynamic limit of the BGK approximation of the Boltzmann
equation for the case of a long stress relaxation time and find that the stress
obeys a viscoelastic constitutive equation. The constitutive equation is
different from standard constitutive equations used for polymeric liquids in
that it is not ``objective'' because inertial effects are important. I
calculate the exact solution for the stresses for simple shear flow and
elongational flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95881 </DOCNO>
Free stochastic measures via noncrossing partitions II


  We show that for stochastic measures with freely independent increments, the
partition-dependent stochastic measures of math.OA/9903084 can be expressed
purely in terms of the higher stochastic measures and the higher diagonal
measures of the original.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98712 </DOCNO>
Additivity of Bridge Number of Knots


  We provide a new proof of the following results of H. Schubert: If K is a
satellite knot with companion J and pattern L that lies in a solid torus T in
which it has index k, then the bridge numbers satisfy the following: 1) The
bridge number of K is greater than or equal to the product of k and the bridge
number of J; 2) If K is a composite knot (this is the case k = 1), then the
bridge number of K is one less than the sum of the bridge numbers of J and L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3842 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Thermal Transport through a Weak Link


  We consider mesoscopic thermal transport between two bulk dielectrics joined
by a narrow wire or weak mechanical link. In the ``tunneling'' regime where the
phonon transmission probability through the link is small and the thermal
conductance is much less than the value for a single channel, the thermal
current is determined by a product of the local vibrational spectral densities
of the two bodies. We derive an expression for the thermal current that is a
thermal analog of the well-known formula for the electrical current through a
tunneling barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96630 </DOCNO>
Generalized Steiner's Problem and its Solution with the Concepts in


  We generalized the Steiner's shortest line problem and found its connection
with the concepts in classical field theory. We solved the generalized
Steiner's problem by introducing a conservative potential and a dissipative
force in the field and gave a computing method by using a testing point and a
corresponding iterative curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114181 </DOCNO>
Annihilation rate in positronic systems by quantum Monte Carlo. e$^+$LiH


  An accurate method to compute the annihilation rate in positronic systems by
means of quantum Monte Carlo simulations is tested and compared with previously
proposed methods using simple model systems. This method can be applied within
all the quantum Monte Carlo techniques, just requiring to accumulate the
positron-electron distribution function. The annihilation rate of e$^+$LiH as a
function of the internuclear distance is studied using a model potential
approach to eliminate the core electrons of Li, and explicitly correlated wave
functions to deal with all the remaining particles. These results allow us to
compute vibrationally averaged annihilation rates, and to understand the effect
of the Li$^+$ electric field on positron and electron distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99169 </DOCNO>
Maschke functors, semisimple functors and separable functors of the


  We introduce separable functors of the second kind (or $H$-separable
functors) and $H$-Maschke functors. $H$-separable functors are generalizations
of separable functors. Various necessary and sufficient conditions for a
functor to be $H$-separable or $H$-Maschke, in terms of generalized (co)Casimir
elements (integrals, in the case of Hopf algebras), are given. An $H$-separable
functor is always $H$-Maschke, but the converse holds in particular situations.
A special role will be played by Frobenius functors and their relations to
$H$-separability. Our concepts are applied to modules, comodules, entwined
modules, quantum Yetter-Drinfeld modules, relative Hopf modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97097 </DOCNO>
Injective Envelopes of $C^*$-algebras as Operator Modules


  In this paper we give some characterizations of M. Hamana's injective
envelope I(A) of a C*-algebra A in the setting of operator spaces and
completely bounded maps. These characterizations lead to simplifications and
generalizations of some known results concerning completely bounded projections
onto C*-algebras. We prove that I(A) is rigid for completely bounded A-module
maps. This rigidity yields a natural representation of many kinds of
multipliers as multiplications by elements of I(A). In particular, we prove
that the(n times iterated) local multiplier algebra of A embeds into I(A). Some
remarks on local left/right/quasi multiplier algebras as subsets of I(A) are
added.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98031 </DOCNO>
The problem of harmonic analysis on the infinite-dimensional unitary


  The goal of harmonic analysis on a (noncommutative) group is to decompose the
most `natural' unitary representations of this group (like the regular
representation) on irreducible ones. The infinite-dimensional unitary group
U(infinity) is one of the basic examples of `big' groups whose irreducible
representations depend on infinitely many parameters. Our aim is to explain
what the harmonic analysis on U(infinity) consists of.
  We deal with unitary representations of a reasonable class, which are in 1-1
correspondence with characters (central, positive definite, normalized
functions on U(infinity)). The decomposition of any representation of this
class is described by a probability measure (called spectral measure) on the
space of indecomposable characters. The indecomposable characters were found by
Dan Voiculescu in 1976.
  The main result of the present paper consists in explicitly constructing a
4-parameter family of `natural' representations and computing their characters.
We view these representations as a substitute of the nonexisting regular
representation of U(infinity). We state the problem of harmonic analysis on
U(infinity) as the problem of computing the spectral measures for these
`natural' representations. A solution to this problem is given in the next
paper math/0109194, joint with Alexei Borodin.
  We also prove a few auxiliary general results. In particular, it is proved
that the spectral measure of any character of U(infinity) can be approximated
by a sequence of (discrete) spectral measures for the restrictions of the
character to the compact unitary groups U(N). This fact is a starting point for
computing spectral measures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127539 </DOCNO>
On a matrix method for the study of small perturbations in galaxies


  A matrix method is formulated in a Lagrangian representation for the solution
of the characteristic value problem governing modes of oscillation and
instability in a collisionless stellar system. The underlying perturbation
equations govern the Lagrangian displacement of a star in the six-dimensional
phase space. This matrix method has a basis in a variational principle. The
method is developed in detail for radial oscillations of a spherical system.
The basis vectors required for the representation of the Lagrangian
displacement in this case are derived from solutions of the Lagrangian
perturbation equations for radial perturbations in a homogeneous sphere. The
basis vectors are made divergence free in the six-dimensional phase space in
accordance with the requirement of Liouville's theorem that the flow of the
system in the phase space must be incompressible. The basis vectors are made
orthogonal with respect to a properly chosen set of adjoint vectors with the
aid of a Gram-Schmidt procedure. Some basis vectors are null vectors in the
sense that their inner products with their own adjoint vectors vanish. The
characteristic frequencies of the lowest radial modes are calculated in several
approximations for members of a family of spherical models which span a wide
range of central concentrations. The present formulation of the matrix method
can be generalized for nonradial modes in spherical systems and for modes in
axisymmetric systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126585 </DOCNO>
Fast Clustering Analysis of Inhomogeneous Megapixel CMB maps


  Szapudi et al (2001) introduced the method of estimating angular power
spectrum of the CMB sky via heuristically weighted correlation functions. Part
of the new technique is that all (co)variances are evaluated by massive Monte
Carlo simulations, therefore a fast way to measure correlation functions in a
high resolution map is essential. This letter presents a new algorithm to
calculate pixel space correlation functions via fast spherical harmonics
transforms. Our present implementation of the idea extracts correlations from a
MAP-like CMB map (HEALPix resolution of 512, i.e. $ \simeq 3 \times 10^6$
pixels) in about 5 minutes on a 500MHz computer, including $C_\ell$ inversion;
the analysis of one Planck-like map takes less then one hour. We use heuristic
window and noise weighting in pixel space, and include the possibility of
additional signal weighting as well, either in $\ell$ or pixel space. We apply
the new code to an ensemble of MAP simulations, to test the response of our
method to the inhomogenous sky coverage/noise of MAP. We show that the
resulting $C_\ell$'s are very close to the theoretical expectations. The
HEALPix based implementation of the method, SpICE (Spatially Inhomogenous
Correlation Estimator) will be available to the public from the authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40727 </DOCNO>
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at HERA


  Results on Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering at HERA measured by the H1 and
ZEUS Collaborations are presented. The cross section, measured for the first
time, is reported for Q^2 > 2 GeV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87242 </DOCNO>
Spherically Symmetric, Self-Similar Spacetimes


  Self-similar spacetimes are of importance to cosmology and to gravitational
collapse problems. We show that self-similarity or the existence of a
homothetic Killing vector field for spherically symmetric spacetimes implies
the separability of the spacetime metric in terms of the co-moving coordinates
and that the metric is, uniquely, the one recently reported in [cqg1]. The
spacetime, in general, has non-vanishing energy-flux and shear. The spacetime
admits matter with any equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126671 </DOCNO>
The optical long `period' of LMC X-3


  We have studied the long term variability of LMC X-3 in optical lightcurves
spanning six years, in order to search for optical signatures which could
confirm/refute the suggestion that the `modulation' is the result of accretion
rate variability rather than accretion disc precession. We find that there is
no stable period in the optical lightcurves, that the optical and X-ray
lightcurves are correlated, with an X-ray lag and that there is no modulation
in the optical colours. We argue that these effects agree with the variable
mass accretion rate model proposed by Wilms et al. (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74199 </DOCNO>
Charged Particle Fluctuation as Signal of the Dynamics in Heavy Ion


  We compare the dispersion of the charges in a central rapidity box according
to the Dual Parton Model with the predictions of statistical models.
Significant deviations are found in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC
energies. Hence the charged particle fluctuations should provide a clear signal
of the dynamics of heavy ion processes. They should allow to directly measure
the degree of thermalization in a quantitative way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1630 </DOCNO>
Levy-stable distributions revisited: tail index > 2 does not exclude the


  Power-law tail behavior and the summation scheme of Levy-stable distributions
is the basis for their frequent use as models when fat tails above a Gaussian
distribution are observed. However, recent studies suggest that financial asset
returns exhibit tail exponents well above the Levy-stable regime ($0<\alpha\le
2$). In this paper we illustrate that widely used tail index estimates (log-log
linear regression and Hill) can give exponents well above the asymptotic limit
for $\alpha$ close to 2, resulting in overestimation of the tail exponent in
finite samples. The reported value of the tail exponent $\alpha$ around 3 may
very well indicate a Levy-stable distribution with $\alpha\approx 1.8$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98792 </DOCNO>
The Continuous Hochschild Cochain Complex of a Scheme


  Let X be a separated finite type scheme over a noetherian base ring K. There
is a complex C(X) of topological O_X-modules on X, called the complete
Hochschild chain complex of X. To any O_X-module M - not necessarily
quasi-coherent - we assign the complex Hom^{cont}_X(C(X),M) of continuous
Hochschild cochains with values in M. Our first main result is that when X is
smooth over K there is a functorial isomorphism between the complex of
continuous Hochschild cochains and RHom_{X2}(O_X,M), in the derived category
D(Mod(O_{X2})).
  The second main result is that if X is smooth of relative dimension n and n!
is invertible in K, then the standard map from Hochschild chains to
differential forms induces a decomposition of Hom^{cont}_X(C(X),M) in derived
category D(Mod(O_X)). When M = O_X this is the precisely the quasi-isomorphism
underlying the Kontsevich Formality Theorem.
  Combining the two results above we deduce a decomposition of the global
Hochschild cohomology with values in M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96421 </DOCNO>
Symplectic fillability of tight contact structures on torus bundles


  We study weak versus strong symplectic fillability of some tight contact
structures on torus bundles over the circle. In particular, we prove that
almost all of these tight contact structures are weakly, but not strongly
symplectically fillable. For the 3-torus this theorem was established by
Eliashberg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74626 </DOCNO>
Energy flow in QCD and event shape functions


  Hadronization corrections to the thrust and related event shape distributions
in the two-jet kinematical region of e+e- annihilation are summarized by
nonperturbative shape functions. The moments of shape functions are given by
universal matrix elements in QCD, which describe the energy flow in QCD final
states. We show how the nonperturbative structure of these matrix elements may
be inferred from resummed perturbation theory and Lorentz invariance. This
analysis suggests the same functional forms for the shape functions as were
found in phenomenological studies, and sheds light on the physical significance
of the parameters that characterize these functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 513 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of a 4-site Hubbard model by analytical diagonalization


  By use of the conservation laws a four-site Hubbard model coupled to a
particle bath within an external magnetic field in z-direction was
diagonalized. The analytical dependence of both the eigenvalues and the
eigenstates on the interaction strength, the chemical potential and magnetic
field was calculated. It is demonstrated that the low temperature behaviour is
determined by a delicate interplay between many-particle states differing in
electron number and spin if the electron density is away from half-filling. The
grand partition sum is calculated and the specific heat, the suszeptibility as
well as various correlation functions and spectral functions are given in
dependence of the interaction strength, the electron occupation and the applied
magnetic field. Furthermore, for both the grand canonical and the canonical
ensemble the so called crossing points of the suszeptibility are calculated.
They confirm the universal value predicted by Vollhardt [1].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85852 </DOCNO>
Resolution to the quantum phase problem


  Defining the observable ${\bf \phi}$ canonically conjugate to the number
observable ${\bf N}$ has long been an open problem in quantum theory. The
problem stems from the fact that ${\bf N}$ is bounded from below. Here we show
how to define the absolute phase observable ${\bf \Phi}\equiv |{\bf\phi}|$ by
suitably restricting the Hilbert space of $x$ and $p$ like variables. This
${\bf \Phi}$ is actually the absolute value of the phase and has the correct
classical limit. A correction to the ``cosine'' ${\bf C}$ and ``sine'' ${\bf
S}$ operators of Carruthers and Nieto is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6627 </DOCNO>
Effect of Vortex Screening on the Bose Glass to Entangled Liquid


  We study the phase diagram of flux lines in superconductors with columnar
pins. Based on numerical exact diagonalisation simulations on small clusters,
we get two phases of vortices: A low temperature pinned glass with diverging
tilt modulus and a high temperature delocalised entangled vortex liquid. For
random potential disorder we find a new phase transition temperature $T_{\rm
BG}$ from a pinned Bose glass to an entangled liquid that reduces with
increasing vortex density. This occurs primarily because vortices screen the
disorder potential and generate an effective weaker random potential with
increasing vortex density. For a fixed fraction of randomly placed attractive
columnar pins of strength $V_{\rm pin}$, we find a Mott insulating phase when
the vortex density exactly matches the number of pins ($B = B_{\phi}$). We also
find a transition from a strongly pinned Bose glass for $B < B_{\phi}$ to a
weakly pinned Bose glass for $B > B_{\phi}$ as the vortex density is varied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128651 </DOCNO>
The Parallax and Proper Motion of RX J1856.5-3754 Revisited


  RX J1856.5-3754, a bright soft X-ray source believed to be the nearest
thermally emitting neutron star, has commanded and continues to command intense
interest from X-ray missions. One of the main goals is to determine the radius
of this neutron star. An integral part of the determination is an accurate
parallax. Walter (2001) analyzed Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data and derived
a parallax, pi=16.5+/-2.3 mas. Combining this distance with the angular radius
derived from blackbody fits to observations of RX J1856.5-3754 with ROSAT,
EUVE, HST, Pons et al. (2001) derived an observed radius ("radiation radius"),
R_{infty}= 7 km. This value is smaller than the radii calculated from all
proposed equations-of-state (EOS) of dense baryonic matter (Haensel 2001).
Here, we have analyzed the same HST data and find pi=7+/-2 mas. We have
verified our result using a number of different, independent techniques, and
find the result to be robust. Adopting our parallax, the radius of RX
J1856.5-3754 is R_{infty}=15+/-6 km. This radius falls squarely in the range of
radii, 12--16 km, expected from calculations of neutron star structure for
different equations of state. With additional HST observations, the parallax
estimate can be improved to the point by which the inferred radius can
constrain the choice of EOS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124765 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Stellar Objects, Ultraluminous IR Galaxies, and Mergers


  We test the hypothesis that QSOs are formed via strong tidal interactions or
mergers, initially going through an ultraluminous infrared phase, by looking
for traces to this phase in the host galaxies of QSOs. We present a systematic
spectroscopic and imaging study of a sample of QSOs that may be in a
transitionary stage. By modeling the spectra, we obtain ages for the recent
starburst events in the host galaxies and interacting companions. We have
discussed in detail the first 5 objects in the sample in previous publications;
here we present results for the remaining 4 objects, and discuss the sample as
a whole. We find that all 9 transition QSOs are undergoing tidal interactions
and that 8 are major mergers. Every object also shows strong recent
star-forming activity, and in at least eight cases this activity is directly
related to the tidal interaction. The ages we derive for the starburst
populations range from currently active star formation in some objects, to
post-starburst ages < 300 Myr in others. There is also a clear connection
between interactions, starbursts, and QSO activity. Seven of the QSOs in the
sample are also ULIGs; statistical considerations show that the two phenomena
are necessarily physically related in these objects. Our results imply one of
two scenarios: (1) at least some ULIGs evolve to become classical QSOs, and the
transition stage lasts < 300 Myr, or (2) at least some QSOs are born under the
same conditions as ULIGs, and their lifetime as QSOs lasts < 300 Myr. We
discuss other properties and trends found in the sample, and propose a model
that accounts for all of them, as well as the youth of these systems.
(abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127790 </DOCNO>
Chemical abundances in an UV-selected sample of galaxies


  We discuss the chemical properties of a sample of UV-selected
intermediate-redshift (0 < z < 0.4) galaxies in the context of their physical
nature and star formation history. This work represents an extension of our
previous studies (Treyer et al. 1998; Sullivan et al. 2000, 2001) on
UV-selected galaxies. We revisit the optical spectra of these galaxies and
perform further emission-line measurements restricting the analysis to those
spectra with the full set of emission lines required to derive chemical
abundances. Our final sample consists of 68 galaxies with heavy element
abundance ratios and both UV and CCD B-band photometry. Diagnostics based on
emission-line ratios show that all but one of the galaxies in our sample are
powered by hot, young stars rather than by an AGN. Oxygen-to-hydrogen (O/H) and
nitrogen-to-oxygen (N/O) abundance ratios are compared to those for various
local and intermediate-redshift samples. Our UV-selected galaxies span a wide
range of oxygen abundances, from 0.1 Zsun to solar, intermediate between
low-mass HII galaxies and massive starburst nuclei. For a given oxygen
abundance, most have strikingly low N/O values. Moreover, UV-selected and HII
galaxies systematically deviate from the usual metallicity-luminosity relation
in the sense of being more luminous by 2-3 magnitudes. Adopting the
"delayed-release" chemical evolution model, we propose our UV-selected sources
are observed at a special stage in their evolution, following a powerful
starburst which enriched their ISM in oxygen and temporarily lowered their
mass-to-light ratios. We discuss briefly the implications of our conclusions on
the nature of similarly-selected high-redshift galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6901 </DOCNO>
Writhing Geometry of Stiff Polymers and Scattered Light


  The geometry of a smooth line is characterized locally by its curvature and
torsion, or globally by its writhe. In many situations of physical interest the
line is, however, not smooth so that the classical Frenet description of the
geometry breaks down everywhere. One example is a thermalized stiff polymer
such as DNA, where the shape of the molecule is the integral of a Brownian
process. In such systems a natural frame is defined by parallel transport. In
order to calculate the writhe of such non-smooth lines we study the area
distributions of random walks on a sphere. A novel transposition of these
results occurs in multiple light scattering where the writhe of the light path
gives rise to a Berry phase recently observed in scattering experiments in
colloidal suspensions .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77068 </DOCNO>
Evaporation of the gluon condensate: a model for pure gauge SU(3)_c


  We interpret lattice data for the equation of state of pure gauge SU(3)_c by
an evaporation model. At low temperatures gluons are frozen inside the gluon
condensate, whose dynamics is described in terms of a dilaton lagrangian. Above
the critical temperature quasi-free gluons evaporate from the condensate: a
first order transition is obtained by minimizing the thermodynamical potential
of the system. Fixing the model parameters to independent quantities, we can
reproduce the value of the critical temperature suggested by lattice QCD. It is
also possible to obtain a value for the latent heat in reasonable agreement
with the results of the lattice calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40682 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Workshop 2000 Summary


  We summarize some of the main physics questions that will serve to define the
linear e+e- collider program, and comment on issues that confront the world
community in making such a collider a reality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5633 </DOCNO>
Cluster size distributions in particle systems with asymmetric dynamics


  We present exact and asymptotic results for clusters in the one-dimensional
totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) with two different dynamics. The
expected length of the largest cluster is shown to diverge logarithmically with
increasing system size for ordinary TASEP dynamics and as a logarithm divided
by a double logarithm for generalized dynamics, where the hopping probability
of a particle depends on the size of the cluster it belongs to. The connection
with the asymptotic theory of extreme order statistics is discussed in detail.
We also consider a related model of interface growth, where the deposited
particles are allowed to relax to the local gravitational minimum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126657 </DOCNO>
ROSAT PSPC observations of nearby spiral galaxies - II. Statistical


  We present a statistical analysis of the largest X-ray survey of nearby
spiral galaxies in which diffuse emission has been separated from discrete
source contributions. Regression and rank-order correlation analyses are used
to compare X-ray properties such as total, source and diffuse luminosities, and
diffuse emission temperature, with a variety of physical and multi-wavelength
properties, such as galaxy mass, type and activity, and optical and infrared
luminosity. The results are discussed in terms of the way in which hot gas and
discrete X-ray sources scale with the mass and activity of galaxies, and with
the star formation rate. We find that the X-ray properties of starburst
galaxies are dependent primarily on their star-forming activity, whilst for
more quiescent galaxies, galaxy mass is the more important parameter. One of
the most intriguing results is the tight linear scaling between far-infrared
and diffuse X-ray luminosity across the sample, even though the hot gas changes
from a hydrostatic corona to a free wind across the activity range sampled
here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123526 </DOCNO>
The broad-line radio galaxy story


  In this paper I discuss the issue of the so-called 25 micron-peakers, which
were discovered with IRAS, and consist almost solely of broad-line radio
galaxies. I find that this peak is caused by the absence of colder dust that
emits at 60 micron and not by an excess of hot dust, as suggested by the name.
On optical images, the 25 micron-peakers show a lack of extended dust. The
peakers are consistent with being in a later evolutionary stage, in which all
the extended dust has been formed into stars and the dust torus is smaller. If
the 60 micron dust is heated by stars, there might be a correlation between the
star-formation rate and the power of the AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83948 </DOCNO>
On termination of meta-programs


  The term meta-programming refers to the ability of writing programs that have
other programs as data and exploit their semantics.
  The aim of this paper is presenting a methodology allowing us to perform a
correct termination analysis for a broad class of practical meta-interpreters,
including negation and performing different tasks during the execution,
together with different classes of object programs. It is based on combining
power of general term-orders, used in proving termination of term-rewrite
systems and programs, and on the well-known acceptability condition, used in
proving termination of logic programs.
  The methodology establishes a relationship between the order needed to prove
termination of the object program and the order needed to prove termination of
the meta-interpreter together with this object program. If such a relationship
is established, termination of one of those implies termination of the other
one, i.e., that the meta-interpreter improves (preserves) termination.
  Among the meta-interpreters that are analysed correctly are a proof trees
constructing meta-interpreter, different kinds of tracers and reasoners.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1496 </DOCNO>
Short-time dynamics of random-bond Potts ferromagnet with continuous


  We present Monte Carlo simulation results of random-bond Potts ferromagnet
with the Olson-Young self-dual distribution of quenched disorders in
two-dimensions. By exploring the short-time scaling dynamics, we find universal
power-law critical behavior of the magnetization and Binder cumulant at the
critical point, and thus obtain estimates of the dynamic exponent $z$ and
magnetic exponent $\eta$, as well as the exponent $\theta$. Our special
attention is paid to the dynamic process for the $q$=8 Potts model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96109 </DOCNO>
Potential approximations to $\delta'$: an inverse Klauder phenomenon


  We show that there is a family Schroedinger operators with scaled potentials
which approximates the $\delta'$-interaction Hamiltonian in the norm-resolvent
sense. This approximation, based on a formal scheme proposed by Cheon and
Shigehara, has nontrivial convergence properties which are in several respects
opposite to those of the Klauder phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169147 </DOCNO>
On some algebraic problems arising in quantum mechanical description of


  The biological hierarchy and the differences between living and non-living
systems are considered from the standpoint of quantum mechanics. The
hierarchical organization of biological systems requires hierarchical
organization of quantum states. The construction of the hierarchical space of
state vectors is presented. The application of similar structures to quantum
information processing is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86154 </DOCNO>
On the Creation of the Universe out of Nothing


  We explain how the Universe was created with no expenditure of energy or
initial mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125271 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray Burst Remnants: How can we find them?


  By now there is substantial evidence that Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) originate
at cosmological distances from very powerful explosions. The interaction
between a GRB and its surrounding environment has dramatic consequences on the
environment itself. At early times, the strong X-ray UV afterglow flux
photoionizes the medium on distance scales on the order of 100 pc or more. Here
I discuss the long-term effects resulting from the interaction between a GRB
and its environment, and in particular the signatures of the emission spectrum
produced while the heated and ionized gas slowly cools and recombines. Besides
photoionizing the medium with its afterglow, a GRB explosion drives a blast
wave which is expected to have a very long lifetime. I discuss possible
candidates for such GRB remnants in our own and in nearby galaxies, and ways to
distinguish them from remnants due to other phenomena, such as multiple
supernova (SN) explosions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97860 </DOCNO>
Multicomplexes, bounded cohomology and additivity of simplicial volume


  We discuss some additivity properties of the simplicial volume for manifolds
with boundary: we give proofs of additivity for glueing amenable boundary
components and of superadditivity for glueing amenable submanifolds of the
boundary, and we discuss doubling of 3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124863 </DOCNO>
The Dense Plasma Torus Around the Nucleus of an Active Galaxy NGC 1052


  A subparsec-scale dense plasma torus around an active galactic nucleus (AGN)
is unveiled. We report on very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations
at 2.3, 8.4, and 15.4 GHz towards the active galaxy NGC 1052. The convex
spectra of the double-sided jets and the nucleus imply that synchrotron
emission is obscured through free--free absorption (FFA) by the foreground cold
dense plasma. A trichromatic image was produced to illustrate the distribution
of the FFA opacity. We found a central condensation of the plasma which covers
about 0.1 pc and 0.7 pc of the approaching and receding jets, respectively. A
simple explanation for the asymmetric distribution is the existence of a thick
plasma torus perpendicular to the jets. We also found an ambient FFA absorber,
whose density profile can be ascribed to a spherical distribution of the
isothermal King model. The coexistence of torus-like and spherical
distributions of the plasma suggests a transition from radial accretion to
rotational accretion around the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74281 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Breaking and Composite Extra Dimensions


  We study supergravity models in four dimensions where the hidden sector is
superconformal and strongly-coupled over several decades of energy below the
Planck scale, before undergoing spontaneous breakdown of scale invariance and
supersymmetry. We show that large anomalous dimensions can suppress Kahler
contact terms between the hidden and visible sectors, leading to models in
which the hidden sector is "sequestered" and anomaly-mediated supersymmetry
breaking can naturally dominate, thus solving the supersymmetric flavor
problem. We construct simple, explicit models of the hidden sector based on
supersymmetric QCD in the conformal window. The present approach can be
usefully interpreted as having an extra dimension responsible for sequestering
replaced by the many states of a (spontaneously-broken) strongly-coupled
superconformal hidden sector, as dictated by the AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4089 </DOCNO>
Critical-point scaling function for the specific heat of a


  If the zero-field transition in high temperature superconductors such as
YBa_2Cu_3O_7-\delta is a critical point in the universality class of the
3-dimensional XY model, then the general theory of critical phenomena predicts
the existence of a critical region in which thermodynamic functions have a
characteristic scaling form. We report the first attempt to calculate the
universal scaling function associated with the specific heat, for which
experimental data have become available in recent years. Scaling behaviour is
extracted from a renormalization-group analysis, and the 1/N expansion is
adopted as a means of approximation. The estimated scaling function is
qualitatively similar to that observed experimentally, and also to the
lowest-Landau-level scaling function used by some authors to provide an
alternative interpretation of the same data. Unfortunately, the 1/N expansion
is not sufficiently reliable at small values of N for a quantitative fit to be
feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126192 </DOCNO>
PSR J1740+1000: A Young Pulsar Well Out Of The Galactic Plane


  We discuss PSR J1740+1000, one of five pulsars recently discovered in a
search of 470 square degrees at 430 MHz during the upgrade of the 305-m Arecibo
telescope. The period of 154 ms and period derivative of 2.1 x 10^-14 s/s imply
a spin-down age of 114 kyr that is smaller than 95% of all known pulsars. The
youth and proximity of this pulsar make it a good candidate for detection at
X-ray and gamma-ray energies. Its high Galactic latitude of 20.4 degrees
suggests a very high velocity if the pulsar was born in the midplane of the
Galaxy and if its kinematic age equals its spindown age. Interstellar
scintillations, however, suggest a much lower velocity. We discuss possible
explanations for this discrepancy, taking into account (a) possible birth sites
away from the midplane; (b) contributions from the unmeasured radial velocity;
(c) a kinematic age different from the spin-down age; and (d) biasing of the
scintillation velocity by enhanced scattering from the North Polar Spur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2448 </DOCNO>
Cooling of a lattice granular fluid as an ordering process


  We present a new microscopic model of granular medium to study the role of
dynamical correlations and the onset of spatial order induced by the
inelasticity of the interactions. In spite of its simplicity, it features
several different aspects of the rich phenomenology observed in granular
materials and allows to make contact with other topics of statistical mechanics
such as diffusion processes, domain growth, persistence, aging phenomena.
Interestingly, while local observables being controlled by the largest
wavelength fluctuations seem to suggest a purely diffusive behavior, the
formation of spatially extended structures and topological defects, such as
vortices and shocks, reveals a more complex scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76987 </DOCNO>
Mass Terms in Two-Higgs Doublet Models


  We take a closer look at the mass terms of all renormalizable and CP
conserving two-Higgs doublet models (THDM). We show that some of the dimension
two parameters in the potential can be set equal to zero leading to relations
among the tree-level parameters of the potential. This means that the number of
tree-level free parameters can be reduced from seven to six or even five
without spoiling the renormalizability of the model. Hence, the minimal version
of a renormalizable and CP conserving THDM is in fact a class of models
differing from each other by tree-level relations among the parameters. The
different versions of the THDM give rise to different amplitudes for physical
processes. We will illustrate this with two examples. The first one is the
one-loop weak correction to the top decay width, t -> b W. The second one is
the decay h -> gamma gamma in the fermiophobic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6783 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Effects of Disorder on Ferromagnetism in Diluted Magnetic


  In a recent Letter, Berciu and Bhatt have presented a mean-field theory of
ferromagnetism in III-V semiconductors doped with manganese, starting from an
impurity band model. We show that this approach gives an unphysically broad
impurity band and is thus not appropriate for (Ga,Mn)As containing 1-5% Mn. We
also point out a microscopically unmotivated sign change in the overlap
integrals in the Letter. Without this sign change, stable ferromagnetism is not
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72560 </DOCNO>
Baryon Transport in Dual Models and the Possibility of a Backward Peak


  Dual string models contain significant baryon transfers and seem essentially
consistent with the available data. We here turn to a careful consideration of
the relevant topological structures. The baryon transfer is associated with one
of two possible types of cuts in various baryonium exchanges. As the baryonium
with the highest intercept easily couples to two Pomerons such transfers should
occur abundantly in percolating dense Pomerons systems. From the color
structure this quark-less baryonium can be identified with an Odderon exchange.
As the Odderon is predicted to have an almost Pomeron -like trajectory it has
to involve small coupling constants so that steeper trajectories can initially
determine the data. As this suppression is not anticipated for diffractive
processes a tiny observable backward peak should occur in the initial baryon
distribution for massive diffractive systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97788 </DOCNO>
Testing the Existence of a Supporting Plane


  We present an algorithm testing wheather, for given four vectors in R^3,
there is a plane through the origin such that all four vectors fall into the
same open halfspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124275 </DOCNO>
Infrared Spectroscopy of Brown Dwarfs: the onset of methane absorption


  We present infrared spectra of brown dwarfs with spectral types from mid-L to
T. The 0.9-2.5 $\mu$m spectra of three dwarfs found by the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey contain absorption bands of both methane and carbon monoxide and bridge
the gap between late L and previously observed T dwarfs. These dwarfs form a
clear spectral sequence, with CH$_{4}$ absorption increasing as the CO
absorption decreases. Water vapor band strengths increase in parallel with the
methane bands and thus also link the L and T types. We suggest that objects
with detectable CO and CH$_{4}$ in the H and K bands should define the earliest
T subclasses. From observations of bright (K~$\leq$~13 mag) L dwarfs found by
2MASS, we find that the onset of detectable amounts of CH$_{4}$ occurs near
spectral type L5. For this spectral type methane is observable in the
3.3~$\mu$m $\nu$$_{3}$ band only, and not in the overtone and combination bands
at H and K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5070 </DOCNO>
Multifractality of Cloud Base Height Profiles


  Cloud base height profiles measured with laser ceilometer are studied using
multifractal approach. The irregular structure of the signals is a benchmark
for nonlinear dynamical processes. A hierarchy of generalized dimensions
determines the intermittency of the signal. The multi-affine properties are
described by the $h(\gamma)$ function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128043 </DOCNO>
First XMM-Newton Observations of the Globular Cluster M22


  We have examined preliminary data of the globular cluster, M22, from the EPIC
MOS detectors on board XMM-Newton. We have detected 27 X-ray sources within the
centre of the field of view, 24 of which are new detections. Three sources were
found within the core of the cluster. From spectral analysis of the X-ray
sources, it is possible that the object at the centre of the core is a
quiescent X-ray transient and those lying further out are maybe cataclysmic
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5075 </DOCNO>
Model of separated form factors for unilamellar vesicles


  New model of separated form factors is proposed for the evaluation of
small-angle neutron scattering curves from large unilamellar vesicles. The
validity of the model was checked by comparison to the model of hollow sphere.
The model of separated form factors and hollow sphere model give reasonable
agreement in the evaluation of vesicle parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114030 </DOCNO>
Dependence of volume FEL (VFEL) threshold conditions on undulator


  The idea and principles of volume free electron lasers were proposed in
[1-4]. It was shown there that volume distributed feedback (VDFB) can
essentially reduce the threshold current of generation and provide the
possibility of smooth frequency tuning. The present work considers an undulator
VFEL with multiwave VDFB. It is shown that dependence of threshold current on
the interaction length changes in the point of roots degeneration. This leads
to the sharp decrease of start current if condition of dynamical diffraction is
fulfilled. The dependence of amplification coefficient changes, too. So the
interaction length for generation appears shorter. The proposed scheme can be
used for generation in wide spectral range from microwaves to X-rays. The
operating features of undulator VFEL is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2512 </DOCNO>
On the Current Carried by `Neutral' Quasiparticles


  The current should be proportional to the momentum in a Galilean-invariant
system of particles of fixed charge-to-mass ratio, such as an electron liquid
in jellium. However, strongly-interacting electron systems can have phases
characterized by broken symmetry or fractionalization. Such phases can have
neutral excitations which can presumably carry momentum but not current. In
this paper, we show that there is no contradiction: `neutral' excitations {\em
do} carry current in a Galilean-invariant system of particles of fixed
charge-to-mass ratio. This is explicitly demonstrated in the context of spin
waves, the Bogoliubov-de Gennes quasiparticles of a superconductor, the
one-dimensional electron gas, and spin-charge separated systems in 2+1
dimensions. We discuss the implications for more realistic systems, which are
not Galilean-invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 341 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Drag between One-Dimensional Wigner Crystal Rings


  We consider the Coulomb drag between two metal rings in which the long range
Coulomb interaction leads to the formation of a Wigner crystal. The first ring
is threaded by an Ahranov Bohm flux creating a persistent current J_0. The
second ring is brought in close proximity to the second and due to the Coulomb
interaction between the two rings a drag current J_D is produced in the second.
We investigate this system at zero temperature for perfect rings as well as the
effects of impurities. We show that the Wigner crystal state can in principle
lead to a higher ratio of drag current to drive current J_D/J_0 than in weakly
interacting electron systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129712 </DOCNO>
Massive Binary WR112 and Properties of Wolf-Rayet Dust


  Some hot, massive, population-I Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars of the carbon subclass
are known to be prolific dust-producers. How dust can form in such a hostile
environment remains a mystery. Here we report the discovery of a relatively
cool, extended, multi-arc dust envelope around the star WR112, most likely
formed by wind-wind collision in a long-period binary system. We derive the
binary orbital parameters, the dust temperature and the dust mass distributions
in the envelope. We find that amorphous carbon is a main constituent of the
dust, in agreement with earlier estimates and theoretical predictions. However,
the characteristic size of the dust grains is estimated to be ~1 micron,
significantly larger than theoretical limits. The dust production rate is
6.1*10^[-7] M_Sun / yr and the total detectable dust mass is found to be about
2.8*10^[-5] M_Sun (for d=4.15 kpc). We also show that, despite the hostile
environment, at least ~20% of the initially-formed dust may reach the
interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129179 </DOCNO>
VST telescope dynamic analisys and position control algorithms


  The VST (VLT Survey Telescope) is a 2.6 m class Alt-Az telescope to be
installed on Cerro Paranal in the Atacama desert, Northern Chile, in the
European Southern Observatory (ESO) site. The VST is a wide-field imaging
facility planned to supply databases for the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT)
science and carry out stand-alone observations in the UV to I spectral range.
So far no telescope has been dedicated entirely to surveys; the VST will be the
first survey telescope to start the operation, as a powerful survey facility
for the VLT observatory. This paper will focus on the axes motion control
system. The dynamic model of the telescope will be analyzed, as well as the
effect of the wind disturbance on the telescope performance. Some algorithms
for the telescope position control will be briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129316 </DOCNO>
Stationary state in N-body System with power law interaction


  From the observation and the simulation, some scaling relation often appear
in the self-gravitating system. In order to study what determined these scaling
properties, we consider the stationary state in N-body system with inverse
power law interaction. As a simple case, we consider the self-similar
stationary solution in the collisionless Boltzmann equation with power law
potential and investigate its stability in the term of linear symplectic
perturbation. The stable scaling solution obtained are expressed by the power
of the potential and the virial ratio of the initial state. The non-extensive
system has many various stable scaling solution compared with the extensive
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6242 </DOCNO>
Interfaces of polydisperse fluids : surface tension and adsorption


  We consider a system of spherical colloidal particles with a size
polydispersity and use a simple van der Waals description in order to study the
combined effect of both the polydispersity and the spatial non-uniformity
induced by a planar interface between a low-density fluid phase (enriched in
small particles) and a high-density fluid phase (enriched in large particles).
We find a strong adsorption of small particles at the interface, the latter
being broadened with respect to the monodisperse case. We also find that the
surface tension of the polydisperse system results from a competition between
the tendancy of the polydispersity to lower the surface tension and its
tendancy to raise the critical-point temperature (i.e. its tendancy to favor
phase separation) with the former tendancy winning at low temperatures and the
latter at the higher temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125279 </DOCNO>
H2 Formation in Low Metallicity Galaxies


  A possible formation mechanism of hydrogen molecules on a galactic scale is
examined. We are interested especially in the role of hydrogen molecules for
formation and evolution of primordial galaxies. Then, formation process of
hydrogen molecules in a very low-metallicity galaxy (I Zw 18; the most typical
metal-deficient galaxy) is studied. Adopting a recent observational result of
absorption lines of hydrogen molecule in I Zw 18, we obtain the upper limit for
the ionization degree in the case where hydrogen molecules can form via the
H$^{-}$-process, although they are generally believed to form on the surface of
dust grains. Furthermore, we present a critical ionization degree, above which
H$^{-}$-process can be dominant over the formation process on the surface of
grains. Interestingly, this critical ionization degree is comparable to the
upper limit of the ionization degree for I Zw 18. For determination of the
formation process of hydrogen molecules, future observational facilities can be
useful. Thus, we examine the detectability in some wavelengths for the metal
deficient galaxies. According to our estimate, near-infrared line emission of
hydrogen molecule is observable in the level of 10 $\mu$Jy, the free-free radio
emission is in the level of mJy, and the far-infrared emission from the dust on
which hydrogen molecules form can also be detected with 10-mJy level with its
temperature of 16 K. The near-infrared line and the far-infrared continuum are
feasible for ASTRO-F observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86896 </DOCNO>
GPS observables in general relativity


  I present a complete set of gauge invariant observables, in the context of
general relativity coupled with a minimal amount of realistic matter (four
particles). These observables have a straightforward and realistic physical
interpretation. In fact, the technology to measure them is realized by the
Global Positioning System: they are defined by the physical reference system
determined by GPS readings. The components of the metric tensor in this
physical reference system are gauge invariant quantities and, remarkably, their
evolution equations are local.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85966 </DOCNO>
Perturbation spectrum in inflation with cutoff


  It has been pointed out that the perturbation spectrum predicted by inflation
may be sensitive to a natural ultraviolet cutoff, thus potentially providing an
experimentally accessible window to aspects of Planck scale physics. A priori,
a natural ultraviolet cutoff could take any form, but a fairly general
classification of possible Planck scale cutoffs has been given. One of those
categorized cutoffs, also appearing in various studies of quantum gravity and
string theory, has recently been implemented into the standard inflationary
scenario. Here, we continue this approach by investigating its effects on the
predicted perturbation spectrum. We find that the size of the effect depends
sensitively on the scale separation between cutoff and horizon during
inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123675 </DOCNO>
Immersive 4D Interactive Visualization of Large-Scale Simulations


  In dense clusters a bewildering variety of interactions between stars can be
observed, ranging from simple encounters to collisions and other mass-transfer
encounters. With faster and special-purpose computers like GRAPE, the amount of
data per simulation is now exceeding 1TB. Visualization of such data has now
become a complex 4D data-mining problem, combining space and time, and finding
interesting events in these large datasets. We have recently starting using the
virtual reality simulator, installed in the Hayden Planetarium in the American
Museum for Natural History, to tackle some of these problem. This work
(http://www.astro.umd.edu/nemo/amnh/) reports on our first ``observations'',
modifications needed for our specific experiments, and perhaps field ideas for
other fields in science which can benefit from such immersion. We also discuss
how our normal analysis programs can be interfaced with this kind of
visualization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125689 </DOCNO>
Ubiquity: Relativistic Winds from Young Rotation-Powered Pulsars


  Recent X-ray observations of young rotation-powered pulsars are providing an
unprecedented detailed view of pulsar wind nebulae. For the first time,
coherent emission features involving wisps, co-aligned toroidal structures, and
axial jets are fully resolved in X-rays on arc-second scales. These structures,
which are remarkably coherent and symmetric, are similar to features seen in
the optical Crab nebula. In this report, we present the latest high resolution
Chandra X-ray images of six young rotation-powered pulsars in supernova
remnants. These data suggest an X-ray morphology perhaps common to all young
rotation-powered pulsars and serve as a guide for developing the next
generation of theoretical models for pulsar wind nebulae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124274 </DOCNO>
A Sober Assessment of Cosmology at the New Millennium


  Cosmology is the dot com of the sciences. Boom or bust. It is about nothing
less than the origin and evolution of the Universe, the all of everything. It
is the boldest of enterprises and not for the fainthearted. Cosmologists are
the flyboys of astrophysics, and they often live up to all that image conjures
up. It is hardly surprising then that words written about cosmology are rarely
balanced. They verve to one extreme or the other. .... Once or twice, I have
probably been guilty of irrational exuberance when it comes to cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98197 </DOCNO>
Heat Kernel Asymptotics of Zaremba Boundary Value Problem


  The Zaremba boundary-value problem is a boundary value problem for
Laplace-type second-order partial differential operators acting on smooth
sections of a vector bundle over a smooth compact Riemannian manifold with
smooth boundary but with non-smooth (singular) boundary conditions, which
include Dirichlet conditions on one part of the boundary and Neumann ones on
another part of the boundary. We study the heat kernel asymptotics of Zaremba
boundary value problem. The construction of the global parametrix of the heat
equation is described in detail and the leading parametrix is computed
explicitly. Some of the first non-trivial coefficients of the heat kernel
asymptotic expansion are computed explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4916 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Grain Motion in a Dense, Three-Dimensional Granular


  We have used an NMR technique to measure the short-time, three-dimensional
displacement of grains in a system of mustard seeds vibrated vertically at 15g.
The technique averages over a time interval in which the grains move
ballistically, giving a direct measurement of the granular temperature profile.
The dense, lower portion of the sample is well described by a recent
hydrodynamic theory for inelastic hard spheres. Near the free upper surface the
mean free path is longer than the particle diameter and the hydrodynamic
description fails.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126942 </DOCNO>
GRB 010222: A Burst Within a Starburst


  We present millimeter and submillimeter wavelength observations and
near-infrared K-band imaging toward the bright gamma-ray burst GRB 010222. Over
seven epochs the flux density of the source was constant with an average flux
density 3.74+/-0.53 mJy at 350 GHz and 1.05+/-0.22 mJy at 250 GHz, giving a
spectral index alpha=3.78+/-0.25. We rule out the possibility that this
emission originated from the burst or its afterglow and we conclude that it is
due to a dusty, high redshift starburst galaxy (SMM J14522+4301). We argue that
the host galaxy of GRB 010222 is the most plausible counterpart of SMM
J14522+4301, based in part on the centimeter detection of the host at the
expected level. The optical/NIR properties of the host galaxy of GRB 010222
suggest that it is a blue, sub-L_*, similar to other GRB host galaxies. This
contrasts with the enormous far-infrared luminosity of this galaxy based on our
submillimeter detection (L_Bol~4X10^{12} L_odot). We suggest that this GRB host
galaxy has a very high star formation rate, SFR 600 M_\odot/yr, most of which
is unseen at optical wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76448 </DOCNO>
Hard thermal loops and QCD thermodynamics


  These lectures give an introduction to thermal perturbation theory, hard
thermal loops, and their use in a nonperturbative, approximately
self-consistent resummation of the thermodynamical potentials of quantum
chromodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125524 </DOCNO>
Origin of light nuclei in near earth orbit


  The possible sources of light nuclei populations observed recently below the
geomagnetic cutoff by the AMS experiment are discussed in terms of nuclear
processes: fragmentation of the incoming flux of cosmic helium on atmospheric
nuclei, and nuclear coalescence from proton and helium induced reactions.
Results of simulations for deuterium, tritium, helium 3 and 4, are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128094 </DOCNO>
Are Starburst Galaxies the Hosts of Gamma-Ray Bursts ?


  We present deep 2.2 micron imaging of twelve gamma-ray burst host galaxies.
Template spectral energy distributions are fit to the multiband photometry
between visible and near-infrared wavelengths to derive a better constraint on
the stellar mass of these galaxies. The internal extinction in the host
galaxies is estimated using the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) slope. We find that
the extinction corrected star-formation rates (SFRs) of the galaxies are
significantly larger than rates derived from emission lines in the visible or
the UV continuum. The ratio between the extinction corrected SFRs and stellar
mass for 7 of the host galaxies is high compared to local starbursts and 3 of
the hosts have derived far-infrared luminosities comparable to infrared
luminous galaxies. In addition, existing observational data reveal that at
least 6 of the 11 putative hosts seem to be disturbed or have companion
galaxies within a projected angular separation of about 2.5 arcsec. If we
assume that the host and the companion are at similar redshifts, this
corresponds to a physical separation of less than 20 kpc, providing some
evidence for an ongoing/recent tidal encounter. We conclude that
tidally-induced starbursts such as those found in infrared luminous galaxies
might be popular birthplaces for gamma-ray bursts. The age of the stellar
population in 4 out of 6 galaxies is rather young, of order 10 Myr. This favors
models where gamma-ray bursts are due to the core-collapse of isolated, massive
stars and explosion of the resultant black hole-accretion disk system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74879 </DOCNO>
Inflation and String Cosmology


  Inflationary theory is already 20 years old, and it is impossible to describe
all of its versions and implications in a short talk. I will concentrate on
several subjects which I believe to be most important. First of all, I will
give a brief review of the first versions of inflationary theory, from
Starobinsky model to new inflation. Then I will describe chaotic inflation, the
theory of quantum fluctuations and density perturbations, the theory of eternal
inflation, and recent observational data. In the second part of the talk I will
discuss the recently proposed ekpyrotic scenario and argue that in its present
form it does not provide a viable alternative to inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5689 </DOCNO>
Theory and experiment of the ESR of Co$^{2+}$ in Zn$_2$ % (OH)PO$_4$ and


  Experiments of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) were performed on Co$% ^{2+}$
substituting Zn$^{2+}$ or Mg$^{2+}$ in powder samples of Zn$_2$(OH)PO$_4$ and
Mg$_2$(OH)AsO$_4$. The observed resonances are described with a theoretical
model that considers the departures from the two perfect structures. It is
shown that the resonance in the penta-coordinated complex is allowed, and the
crystal fields that would describe the resonance of the Co$^{2+}$ in the two
environments are calculated. The small intensity of the resonance in the
penta-coordinated complex is explained assuming that this site is much less
populated than the octahedral one; this assumption was verified by a molecular
calculation of the energies of the two environments, with both Co and Zn as
central ions in Zn$_2$(OH)PO$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7131 </DOCNO>
Condensed vortex ground states of rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in


  We study a system of $N$ Bose atoms trapped by a symmetric harmonic
potential, interacting via weak central forces. Considering the ground state of
the rotating system as a function of the two conserved quantities, the total
angular momentum and its collective component, we develop an algebraic approach
to derive exact wave functions and energies of these ground states. We describe
a broad class of the interactions for which these results are valid. This
universality class is defined by simple integral condition on the potential.
Most of the potentials of practical interest which have pronounced repulsive
component belong to this universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123866 </DOCNO>
Formation of Compact Binaries in Globular Clusters


  We report here on two complementary population synthesis studies which relate
directly to the formation and evolution of neutron star binaries in globular
clusters. In the first, we compute the probability of retaining neutron stars
in globular clusters, and quantitatively confirm the idea that the retention
fraction for neutron stars born in binary systems is greatly enhanced over
those born in isolated stars. However, the retention fraction may well be
insufficient to explain the current population of neutron star binaries. In the
second study, we follow a large population of primordial binaries and neutron
stars throughout the lifetime of a globular cluster whose properties may be
similar to 47 Tuc. We directly compute all 3-body interactions among binary
systems, neutron stars, and isolated field stars throughout the history of the
cluster. The evolution of certain types of neutron star binaries is followed up
to the current epoch. The numbers of close, recycled, binary radio pulsars are
evaluated and compared with the results of radio observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5350 </DOCNO>
Critical Temperature T_c versus Charging Energy E_c in MgB2 and


  The boride compounds MB_x related to the magnesium-boron stacking layered
material MgB2 are discussed in terms of the B-B layers in the borides analogous
to the Cu-O ones in the cuprates. We propose a possibility of superconducting
materials which exhibit higher critical temperature T_c than 39 K of MgB2. We
point out a role of interstitial ionic atoms M (e.g., Mg in MgB2) as
capacitors, which reduce the condensation-energy loss due to the charging
energy E_c between the B-B layers. In the viewpoint of the present model, the
recently discovered 117-Kelvin superconductor C60/CHBr3 is also discussed in
terms of the intercalation molecules CHBr3 as possible capacitors among the
superconducting grains of C60 molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2998 </DOCNO>
Dissimilar Ferromagnetic Layer Dependence of Hot Electron


  The material dependence of hot electron magnetotransport in a spin-valve
transistor has been theoretically explored. We calculate the parallel and
anti-parallel collector current changing the types and relative spin
orientation of the ferromagnetic layers. The magnetocurrent has been presented
as well. In this calculations, spin dependent self energy effect of hot
electron in ferromagnetic materials has been taken into account. The results
show that the magnetotransport property strongly depends on the combination of
different ferromagnetic metal layers since the hot electron has different
inelastic scattering strength in each material, and the hot electron spin
polarization enters importantly into the magnetocurrent at finite temperatures.
This calculations may suggest the guide for searching the best structural
combination of hot electron magnetoelectronic device such as a spin-valve
transistor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72861 </DOCNO>
The Thomas rotation


  We review why the Thomas rotation is a crucial facet of special relativity,
that is just as fundamental, and just as "unintuitive" and "paradoxical", as
such traditional effects as length contraction, time dilation, and the
ambiguity of simultaneity. We show how this phenomenon can be quite naturally
introduced and investigated in the context of a typical introductory course on
special relativity, in a way that is appropriate for, and completely accessible
to, undergraduate students. We also demonstrate, in a more advanced section
aimed at the graduate student studying the Dirac equation and relativistic
quantum field theory, that careful consideration of the Thomas rotation will
become vital as modern experiments in particle physics continue to move from
unpolarized to polarized cross-sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86715 </DOCNO>
Teleparallel orthonormal frames constraints on torsion detection?


  Spin-polarised cylindrically symmetric solution are shown not to be
compatible with teleparallel gravity.This can be done in two distinct
manners.The first is to show that not all components of the orthonormal tetrad
(OT).It is argue however that this result maybe done by a bad choice of the
spin distribution along the cylinder.A cylindrically symmetric Riemannian
solution is obtained which represents a conical geometry of defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74930 </DOCNO>
Future supernova probes of quintessence


  We investigate the potential of a future supernovae data set, as might be
obtained by the proposed SNAP satellite, to discriminate between two possible
explanations for the observed dimming of the high redshift type IA supernovae,
namely either (i) a cosmological evolution for which the expansion of the
universe has been accelerating for a substantial range of redshifts
$z\goesas1$; or (ii) an unexpected supernova luminosity evolution over such a
redshift range. By evaluating Bayes factors we show that within the context of
spatially flat model universes with a dark energy the future SNAP data set
should be able to discriminate these two possibilities. Our calculations assume
particular cosmological models with a quintessence field in the form of a
dynamical pseudo Nambu--Goldstone boson (PNGB), and a simple empirical model of
the evolution of peak luminosities of the supernovae sources which has been
recently discussed in the literature. We also show that the fiducial SNAP data
set, simulated with the assumption of no source evolution, is able to
discriminate the PNGB model from a number of other spatially flat quintessence
models which have been widely studied in the literature, namely those with
inverse power--law, simple exponential and double--exponential potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124616 </DOCNO>
Constraining the Properties of Dark Energy


  The presence of dark energy in the Universe is inferred directly from the
accelerated expansion of the Universe, and indirectly, from measurements of
cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. Dark energy contributes about 2/3
of the critical density, is very smoothly distributed, and has large negative
pressure. Its nature is very much unknown. Most of its discernible consequences
follow from its effect on evolution of the expansion rate of the Universe,
which in turn affects the growth of density perturbations and the age of the
Universe, and can be probed by the classical kinematic cosmological tests.
Absent a compelling theoretical model (or even a class of models), we describe
dark energy by an effective equation of state w=p_X/rho_X which is allowed to
vary with time. We describe and compare different approaches for determining
w(t), including magnitude-redshift (Hubble) diagram, number counts of galaxies
and clusters, and CMB anisotropy, focusing particular attention on the use of a
sample of several thousand type Ia supernova with redshifts z < 1.7, as might
be gathered by the proposed SNAP satellite. Among other things, we derive
optimal strategies for constraining cosmological parameters using type Ia
supernovae. While in the near term CMB anisotropy will provide the first
measurements of w, supernovae and number counts appear to have the most
potential to probe dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85782 </DOCNO>
A diagrammatic approach to the spectrum of cosmological perturbations


  We compute the spectral distribution of the quantum fluctuations of the
vacuum, amplified by inflation, after an arbitrary number of background
transitions. Using a graphic representation of the process we find that the
final spectrum can be completely determined trough a synthetic set of working
rules, and a list of simple algebraic computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3376 </DOCNO>
Micro-Raman scattering investigation of MgB2 and RB2 (R=Al, Mn, Nb and


  Phonon spectra have been investigated by micro-Raman scattering from 290 to
20K. New peaks at 500 and 674 cm-1 appear below 250K in MgB2. These peaks are
explained by the Fermi resonance, where Raman-active E2g intereacts with the
overtone of E1u due to anhamonicity. Raman spectra of the isostructural RB2
(R=Al, Mn, Nb and Ti) have been also measured at 290K. The line width of E2g
phonon of the superconductor MgB2 and NbB2 shows the broader than that of the
non-superconductors. It is found that the anharmonicity of phonons is important
for the superconductivity for MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113398 </DOCNO>
De Broglie wave, spontaneous emission and Planck's radiation law


  The idea about a quantum nature of Planck's blackbody radiation law is deeply
rooted in minds of most physicists. Einstein's work, in which the coefficients
of spontaneous and induced emission were introduced, has always been regarded
as a proof that quantum energy discreteness of an atom plays a crucial role in
the derivation of this law. In our paper we avoid this standpoint. It may be
shown that the de Broglie wave assigned to every material particle is a result
of interaction of the particle with zero-point vibrations of electromagnetic
ground field. The energetic spectrum of a harmonic oscillator is obtained from
this fact within classical physics which coincides with the quantum result.
Thus, it is explained here how the energy discreteness came into existence in
stochastic electrodynamics (SED) --- the classical electrodynamics with
classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation. Next we reconsider the Einstein
work from the viewpoint of SED and derive the Planck formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125982 </DOCNO>
Constraining Cosmological Parameters Based on Relative Galaxy Ages


  We propose to use relative galaxy ages as a means of constraining
cosmological parameters. By measuring the age difference between two ensembles
of old galaxies at somewhat different redshifts, one could determine the
derivative of redshift with respect to cosmic time, dz/dt. At high redshifts,
z=1-2, this measurement would constrain the equation-of-state of the dark
energy, while at low redshifts, z< 0.2, it would determine the Hubble constant,
H_0. The selected galaxies need to be passively-evolving on a time much longer
than their age difference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113849 </DOCNO>
One of Possible Applications of High-Tc Superconductors


  Possible application of a result contradicting to the second law of
thermodynamics is announced. According to this result the chaotic energy of
thermal fluctuation can be transformed in electric energy of direct current in
an inhomogeneous superconducting ring. Although the power of this
transformation is very weak this effect has optimistic perspective of wide
application because useful energy can be obtained from heat energy in the
equilibrium state. It is explain why the second law can be broken in some
quantum systems. In the last years some authors have concluded almost at once
on violation of the second law in different quantum systems: A.E.Allahverdyan
and Th.M.Nieuwenhuizen, PRL 85, 1799 (2000); cond-mat/0011389; V.Capec and
J.Bok Czech. J. of Phys. 49, 1645 (1999); cond-mat/0012056; Physica A 290, 379
(2001); D. Sheehan, Phys. Plasmas 2 (6), 1893 (1995); Phys. Rev.E 61, 4662
(2000); P. Weiss, Science News, 158, 234 (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179741 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio No-Core Shell Model With Many-Body Forces


  Working in the framework of the ab-initio no-core shell model, we derive
two-body effective interactions microscopically for specific
harmonic-oscillator basis spaces from the realistic Argonne V8' nucleon-nucleon
potential. However, our two-body effective interaction is only the dominant
part of the A-body (A >= 3) effective interaction, which also contains three-,
four- and, in general, up to A-body components. We model these multi-body
components as a simple two-parameter, basis-space-dependent interaction. We
then investigate the coupling needed to provide accurate descriptions of
selected nuclear observables. We successfully model the multi-body interaction
as a zero-range two-body operator times the number operator Nsps that measures
the harmonic-oscillator quanta of the spectator nucleons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1097 </DOCNO>
Spectral and Transport Properties of Quantum Wires with Bond Disorder


  Systems with bond disorder are defined through lattice Hamiltonians that are
of pure nearest neighbour hopping type, i.e. do not contain on-site
contributions. Previous analyses based on the Dorokhov-Mello-Pereyra-Kumar
(DMPK) transfer matrix technique have shown that both spectral and transport
properties of quasi one-dimensional systems belonging to this category are
highly unusual. Notably, regimes with absence of exponential Anderson
localization are observed, the single particle density of states exhibits
singular structure in the vicinity of the band centre, and the manifestation of
these phenomena depends in an apparently topological manner on the even- or
oddness of the channel number. In this paper we re-consider the problem from
the complementary perspective of the non-linear sigma-model. Relying on the
standard analogy between one-dimensional statistical field theories and
zero-dimensional quantum mechanics, we will relate the problem to the behaviour
of a quantum point particle subject to an Aharonov-Bohm flux. We will re-derive
previous DMPK results, identify a new class of even/odd staggering phenomena
and trace back the anomalous behaviour of the bond disordered system to a
simple physical mechanism, viz. the flux periodicity of the quantum
Aharonov-Bohm system. We will also touch upon connections to the low energy
physics of other lattice systems, notably disordered chiral systems in 0 and 2
dimensions and antiferromagnetic spin chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128474 </DOCNO>
Thermal radio emission : The brightness temperature and the spectral


  The condition of radio emission is proposed, on the base of which the theory
of themal radio emission for gaseous disk is developed. This theory explains
the radio emission spectra of known types of extended radio sources, located
beyond the Solar planetary system. Besides, the thermal radio emission spectra
of Venus and Jupiter are explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148877 </DOCNO>
Open and Closed String Interpretation of SUSY CFT's on Branes with


  We consider certain supersymmetric configurations of intersecting branes and
branes ending on branes and analyze the duality between their open and closed
string interpretation. The examples we study are chosen such that we have the
lower dimensional brane realizing an n+1 dimensional conformal field theory on
its worldvolume and the higher dimensional one introducing a conformal
boundary. We also consider two CFTs, possibly with different central charges,
interacting along a common conformal boundary. We show with a probe calculation
that the dual closed string description is in terms of gravity in an AdS_{n+2}
bulk with an AdS_{n+1} defect or two different AdS_{n+2} spaces joined along a
defect. We also comment briefly on the expected back-reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5218 </DOCNO>
Localized surface states in HTSC: Alternative mechanism of zero-bias


  It is shown that the quasiparticle states localized in the vicinity of
surface imperfections of atomic size can be responsible for the zero-bias
tunneling conductance peaks in high-Tc superconductors. The contribution from
these states can be easily separated from other mechanisms using their
qualitatively different response on an external magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114386 </DOCNO>
Laser Stabilization Controls for the ISAC Beam Polarizer


  The ISAC polarized beam facility uses a Ti:Sapphire laser for producing
spin-polarized beams of short-lived radioactive isotopes, initially 7Li. The
laser power and spectral content must be tightly controlled and monitored. The
control system to accomplish this task uses techniques that combine operator
interface, data reduction, and closed loop automation. The laser stabilization
application uses input data acquired from a spectrum analyzer, in the form of a
waveform array repetitively acquired from a GPIB-interfaced oscilloscope. A
Labview based operator interface allows the selection of features from within
the waveform, which are then used as the basis for closed loop control, in
concert with the existing EPICS control system software and related hardware.
Part of the challenge stems from using input data which are subject to human
interpretation and require distillation into a hard numeric format suitable for
use in a control system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99141 </DOCNO>
On a Z_3-Graded Generalization of the Witten Index


  We construct a realization of the algebra of the Z_3-graded topological
symmetry of type (1,1,1) in terms of a pair of operators D_1: H_1 -> H_2, and
D_2: H_2 -> H_3 satisfying [D_1D_1^\dagger,D_2^\dagger D_2]=0. We show that the
sequence of the restriction of these operators to the zero-energy subspace
forms a complex and establish the equality of the corresponding topological
invariants with the analytic indices of these operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128644 </DOCNO>
Absolute dimensions of the M-type eclipsing binary YY Geminorum (Castor


  We present new spectroscopic observations of the detached late-type
double-lined eclipsing binary YY Gem, a member of the Castor sextuple system
and one of the benchmarks for the comparison between observations and stellar
evolution theory in the lower main-sequence. In addition, we have re-analyzed
existing light curves in several passbands using modern techniques that account
for the conspicuous presence of spots. This, combined with the spectroscopy,
has yielded a very precise determination of the absolute dimensions of the
components, which are virtually identical to each other. We obtain mean values
of M=0.5992+/-0.0047 Mo, R=0.6191+/-0.0057 Ro, and Teff=3820+/-100 K. Both the
mass and the radius determinations are good to better than 1%. A re-analysis of
the Hipparcos transit data for Castor AB has yielded an improved parallax for
the system of 66.90+/-0.63 mas. With this, we have estimated the age (~370 Myr)
and metal abundance ([Fe/H]~0.0) of YY Gem from isochrone fits to Castor A and
B. We have compared the observations of YY Gem with a large number of recent
theoretical calculations, and we show that all models underestimate the radius
by up to 20%, and most overestimate the effective temperature by 150 K or more.
Both of these trends are confirmed by observations of another similar system in
the Hyades cluster (V818 Tau). Consequently, theoretical ages for relatively
low-mass objects such as T Tauri stars derived from the H-R diagram may be
considerably biased. If the radius is used directly as a measure of evolution,
ages could be underestimated by as much as a factor of 10 in this mass regime.
In view of these discrepancies, absolute ages from essentially all current
models for the lower main sequence must be viewed with at least some measure of
skepticism. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127444 </DOCNO>
Age as the Second Parameter in NGC 288 / NGC 362? I. Turnoff Ages: a


  We present deep V,I photometry of the globular clusters NGC 288, NGC 362 and
NGC 1851 obtained during a single observational run under strictly homogeneous
conditions. We use the bimodal horizontal branch (HB) of NGC 1851 as a
``bridge'' to obtain the optimum relative match between the HBs of NGC 288 and
NGC 362. In this way we can effectively remove the uncertainties associated
with distance, reddening and inhomogeneities in the absolute calibration, thus
obtaining a very robust, purely differential estimate of the age difference
between these two clusters. According to the bridge test, NGC 288 is found to
be older than NGC 362 by 2 +- 1 Gyr. This result is fully confirmed also by all
classical differential age diagnostics, either based on the luminosity or color
of the main sequence turnoff point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125445 </DOCNO>
Stellar Mixing and the Primordial Lithium Abundance


  We compare the properties of recent samples of the lithium abundances in halo
stars to one another and to the predictions of theoretical models including
rotational mixing, and we examine the data for trends with metal abundance. We
find from a KS test that in the absence of any correction for chemical
evolution, the Ryan, Norris, & Beers (1999} sample is fully consistent with
mild rotational mixing induced depletion and, therefore, with an initial
lithium abundance higher than the observed value. Tests for outliers depend
sensitively on the threshold for defining their presence, but we find a
10$--$45% probability that the RNB sample is drawn from the rotationally mixed
models with a 0.2 dex median depletion (with lower probabilities corresponding
to higher depletion factors). When chemical evolution trends (Li/H versus Fe/H)
are treated in the linear plane we find that the dispersion in the RNB sample
is not explained by chemical evolution; the inferred bounds on lithium
depletion from rotational mixing are similar to those derived from models
without chemical evolution. We find that differences in the equivalent width
measurements are primarily responsible for different observational conclusions
concerning the lithium dispersion in halo stars. The standard Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis predicted lithium abundance which corresponds to the deuterium
abundance inferred from observations of high-redshift, low-metallicity QSO
absorbers requires halo star lithium depletion in an amount consistent with
that from our models of rotational mixing, but inconsistent with no depletion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127045 </DOCNO>
COSMOSOMAS: A Circular Scanning Instrument to Map the Sky at Centimetric


  We describe the first instrument of a Cosmic Microwave Background experiment
for mapping cosmological structures on medium angular scales (the COSMOSOMAS
experiment) and diffuse Galactic emission. The instrument is located at Teide
Observatory (Tenerife) and is based on a circular scanning sky strategy. It
consists of a 1 Hz spinning flat mirror directing the sky radiation into a 1.8
m off-axis paraboloidal antenna which focuses it on to a cryogenically cooled
HEMT-based receiver operating in the frequency range 12--18 GHz. The signal is
split by a set of three filters, allowing simultaneous observations at 13, 15
and 17 GHz, each with a 1 GHz bandpass. A 1-5 degree resolution sky map
complete in RA and covering 20 degrees in declination is obtained each day at
these frequencies. The observations presented here correspond to the first
months of operation, which have provided a map of ~9000 square degrees on the
sky centred at DEC = +31 degrees with sensitivities of 140, 150 and 250 microK
per beam area in the channels at 13, 15 and 17 GHz respectively. We discuss the
design and performance of the instrument, the atmospheric effects, the
reliability of the data obtained and prospects of achieving a sensitivity of 30
microK per beam in two years of operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1088 </DOCNO>
Controlled Collapse of a Bose-Einstein Condensate


  The point of instability of a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) due to
attractive interactions was studied. Stable 85-Rb BECs were created and then
caused to collapse by slowly changing the atom-atom interaction from repulsive
to attractive using a Feshbach resonance. At a critical value, an abrupt
transition was observed in which atoms were ejected from the condensate. By
measuring the onset of this transition as a funstion of number and attractive
interactions strength, we determined the stability condition to be
N|a|/(aho)=0.461(12)(54), slightly lower than the predicted value of 0.574.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4751 </DOCNO>
A new monte carlo algorithm for growing compact Self Avoiding Walks


  We propose an algorithm based on local growth rules for kinetically
generating self avoiding walk configurations at any given temperature. This
algorithm, called the Interacting Growth Walk (IGW) algorithm, does not suffer
from attrition on a square lattice at zero temperature, in cotrast to the
existing algorithms. More importantly, the IGW algorithm facilitates growing
compact configurations at lower temperatures - a feature that makes it
attractive for studying a variety of processes such as the folding of proteins.
We demonstrate that our algorithm correctly describes the collapse transition
of a homopolymer in two dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76978 </DOCNO>
Electron-positron pair production in the external electromagnetic field


  The results concerning the $e^+e^-$ production in peripheral highly
relativistic heavy-ion collisions presented in a recent paper by Baltz {\em{et
al.}} are rederived in a very straightforward manner. It is shown that the
solution of the Dirac equation directly leads to the multiplicity, i.e. to the
total number of electron-positron pairs produced by the electromagnetic field
of the ions, whereas the calculation of the single pair production probability
is much more involved. A critical observation concerns the unsolved problem of
seemingly absent Coulomb corrections (Bethe-Maximon corrections) in pair
production cross sections. It is shown that neither the inclusion of the
vacuum-vacuum amplitude nor the correct interpretation of the solution of the
Dirac equation concerning the pair multiplicity is able the explain (from a
fundamental point of view) the absence of Coulomb corrections. Therefore the
contradiction has to be accounted to the treatment of the high energy limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149921 </DOCNO>
On the Canonical Treatment of Lagrangian Constraints


  The canonical treatment of dynamic systems with manifest Lagrangian
constraints proposed by Berezin is applied to concrete examples: a special
Lagrangian linear in velocities, relativistic particles in proper time gauge, a
relativistic string in orthonormal gauge, and the Maxwell field in the Lorentz
gauge,

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3561 </DOCNO>
Positional order of the disordered Abrikosov flux line lattice in


  We study translational correlations of the {\em center of mass} positions of
vortices in the Abrikosov flux line lattice in samples with arbitrarily large
but finite thickness $L$. The Larkin correlation lengths for the center of mass
mode of the flux lines in the presence of point and correlated disorder are
computed, and we find that in the case of point disorder the flux lines keep
their positional order on length scales which diverge with the sample thickness
as $\sim\sqrt{L}$ in 2+1 dimensions. We also find, using a replica Gaussian
variational approach, that the quasi-long range order found in previous studies
is destroyed on asymptotic length scales for the center of mass positions of
the flux lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5859 </DOCNO>
Spin-polarized Zener tunneling in (Ga,Mn)As


  We investigate spin-polarized inter-band tunneling through measurement of
(Ga,Mn)As based Zener tunnel diode. By placing the diode under reverse bias,
electron spin polarization is transferred from the valence band of p-type
(Ga,Mn)As to the conduction band of an adjacent n-GaAs layer. The resulting
current is monitored by injection into a quantum well light emitting diode
whose electroluminescence polarization is found to track the magnetization of
the (Ga,Mn)As layer as a function of both temperature and magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 631 </DOCNO>
Theory of a magnetic microscope with nanometer resolution


  We propose a theory for a type of apertureless scanning near field microscopy
that is intended to allow the measurement of magnetism on a nanometer length
scale. A scanning probe, for example a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip,
is used to scan a magnetic substrate while a laser is focused on it. The
electric field between the tip and substrate is enhanced in such a way that the
circular polarization due to the Kerr effect, which is normally of order 0.1%
is increased by up to two orders of magnitude for the case of a Ag or W tip and
an Fe sample. Apart from this there is a large background of circular
polarization which is non-magnetic in origin. This circular polarization is
produced by light scattered from the STM tip and substrate. A detailed retarded
calculation for this light-in-light-out experiment is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128668 </DOCNO>
The X-ray -- radio alignment in the z = 2.2 radio galaxy PKS 1138--262


  We present high resolution X-ray observations of the narrow line radio galaxy
PKS 1138-262 at z = 2.156 with the ACIS-S detector on the Chandra observatory.
These observations show that the X-ray emission from 1138-262 is dominated by
emission from the AGN with a (rest frame) 2 to 10 keV luminosity of 4x10^{45}
erg/s. The relative X-ray and radio properties of the AGN in 1138-262 are
similar to those seen for the AGN in the archetype powerful radio galaxy Cygnus
A. Between 10% and 25% (depending on energy) of the X-ray emission from
1138--262 is spatially extended on scales of 10'' to 20''. The extended X-ray
emission is elongated, with a major axis aligned with that of the radio source.
While the X-ray and radio emissions are elongated on similar scales and
position angles, there is no one-to-one correspondence between the radio and
X-ray features in the source. The most likely origin for the extended X-ray
emission in 1138-262 is thermal emission from shocked gas, although we cannot
rule-out a contribution from inverse Compton emission. If the emission is from
hot gas, the gas density is 0.05 cm^{-3} and the gas mass is 2.5x10^{12}
M_solar. The pressure in this hot gas is adequate to confine the radio emitting
plasma and the optical line emitting gas. We set an upper limit of 1.5x10^{44}
erg/s to the 2 to 10 keV luminosity of any normal cluster atmosphere associated
with 1138-262. No emission was detected from any of the Ly alpha emitting
galaxies in the (proto-) cluster around 1138-262, outside of the Ly alpha halo
of 1138-262 itself, to a 2 to 10keV luminosity limit of 1.2x10^{43}erg/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127346 </DOCNO>
Sulfur, Chlorine, and Argon in Planetary Nebulae. IIA: Observations of a


  In this paper we present fully reduced and dereddened emission line strengths
for a sample of 45 southern Type II planetary nebulae (PNe). The
spectrophotometry for these PNe covers an extended optical/near-IR range from
3600 - 9600 Angstroms. This PN study and subsequent analysis (presented in a
companion paper), together with a similar treatment for a northern PN sample,
is aimed at addressing the lack of homogeneous, consistently observed, reduced,
and analyzed data sets that include the near-IR [S III] lines at 9069 and 9532
Angstroms. The use of Type II objects only is intended to select disk nebulae
that are uncontaminated by nucleosynthetic products of the progenitor star.
Extending spectra redward to include the strong [S III] lines enables us to
look for consistency between S++ abundances inferred from these lines and from
the more accessible, albeit weaker, [S III] line at 6312 Angstroms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99177 </DOCNO>
Conformal invariance of planar loop-erased random walks and uniform


  We prove that the scaling limit of loop-erased random walk in a simply
connected domain $D$ is equal to the radial SLE(2) path in $D$. In particular,
the limit exists and is conformally invariant. It follows that the scaling
limit of the uniform spanning tree in a Jordan domain exists and is conformally
invariant. Assuming that the boundary of the domain is a $C^1$ simple closed
curve, the same method is applied to show that the scaling limit of the uniform
spanning tree Peano curve, where the tree is wired along a proper arc $A$ on
the boundary, is the chordal SLE(8) path in the closure of $D$ joining the
endpoints of $A$. A by-product of this result is that SLE(8) is almost surely
generated by a continuous path. The results and proofs are not restricted to a
particular choice of lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2621 </DOCNO>
The effect of thermal annealing on the properties of Al-AlOx-Al single


  The effect of thermal annealing on the properties of Al-AlOx-Al single
electron tunneling transistors is reported. After treatment of the devices by
annealing processes in forming gas atmosphere at different temperatures and for
different times, distinct and reproducible changes of their resistance and
capacitance values were found. According to the temperature regime, we observed
different behaviors as regards the resistance changes, namely the tendency to
decrease the resistance by annealing at T = 200 degree C, but to increase the
resistance by annealing at T = 400 degree C. We attribute this behavior to
changes in the aluminum oxide barriers of the tunnel junctions. The good
reproducibility of these effects with respect to the changes observed allows
the proper annealing treatment to be used for post-process tuning of tunnel
junction parameters. Also, the influence of the annealing treatment on the
noise properties of the transistors at low frequency was investigated. In no
case did the noise figures in the 1/f-regime show significant changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113439 </DOCNO>
Mathematical Model of Shock Waves


  Presented here is the mathematical model describing the phenomenon of shock
waves. The underlying concept is based on the time-space model of wave
propagation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76584 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark production in $\gamma\gamma$ collisions


  Current theoretical framework for the calculation of heavy quark production
in $\gamma\gamma$ collisions is reviewed. The importance of including direct
photon contributions up to the order $\alpha^2\alpha_s^2$ and of the proper
choice of renormalization and factorization scales in the evaluation of
$\sigma(\gamma\gamma\to Q\bar{Q})$ is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 625 </DOCNO>
Effective potentials for polymers and colloids: Beyond the van der Waals


  This contribution briefly reviews some recent work demonstrating the partial
breakdown of the colloidal fluid <--> atomic fluid analogy. The success of
liquid state theory for atomic fluids stems in part from the van der Waals
picture, where steric interactions dominate the structure, and attractive
interactions can be added as a perturbation. For complex fluids described by
effective potentials, this picture may break down. In the first example
discussed, depletion potentials in non-additive hard-sphere mixtures are shown
to be surprisingly complex, leading to fluid structure and fluid-solid
transitions dominated by properties of the attractive potentials instead of by
the hard-cores. Many colloidal suspensions, and possibly globular proteins,
fall into this {\em energetic fluid} category. In the second example, the
coarse-graining of polymers leads to soft-core effective potentials and
associated {\em mean field fluid} behaviour distinguished by a breakdown of the
virial expansion, an equation of state that is nevertheless nearly linear in
density, and correlation functions well described by the random phase
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114056 </DOCNO>
Examining the Origin of Cosmic Rays: A New Conceptual Approach


  A new conceptual approach for examining the origin of cosmic rays is
developed by considering the characteristics of particle trajectory
distributions in four-dimensional Euclidean space-time. Transformation of an
isotropic distribution into a velocity distribution in ordinary
three-dimensional space results in a spatially isotropic flux of highly
relativistic particles. This particle flux exhibits a power-law energy spectrum
that decreases with increasing energy approximately inversely as the square of
the energy and peaks at much lower energies. This model also provides
additional results resembling the observed characteristics of cosmic radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74030 </DOCNO>
Positronium Decay : Gauge Invariance and Analyticity


  The construction of positronium decay amplitudes is handled through the use
of dispersion relations. In this way, emphasis is put on basic QED principles:
gauge invariance and soft-photon limits (analyticity).
  A firm grounding is given to the factorization approaches, and some
ambiguities in the spin and energy structures of the positronium wavefunction
are removed. Non-factorizable amplitudes are naturally introduced. Their
dynamics is described, especially regarding the enforcement of gauge invariance
and analyticity through delicate interferences. The important question of the
completeness of the present theoretical predictions for the decay rates is then
addressed. Indeed, some of those non-factorizable contributions are unaccounted
for by NRQED analyses. However, it is shown that such new contributions are
highly suppressed, being of order alpha^3.
  Finally, a particular effective form factor formalism is constructed for
parapositronium, allowing a thorough analysis of binding energy effects and
analyticity implementation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125800 </DOCNO>
Gas-phase H2O and CO2 toward massive protostars


  We present a study of gas-phase H2O and CO2 toward a sample of 14 massive
protostars with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) on board the Infrared
Space Observatory (ISO). Modeling of the H2O spectra using a homogeneous model
with a constant excitation temperature T_ex shows that the H2O abundances
increase with temperature, up to a few times 10^-5 with respect to H2 for the
hottest sources (T_ex ~500 K). This is still a factor of 10 lower than the H2O
ice abundances observed toward cold sources in which evaporation is not
significant (Keane et al. 2001). Gas-phase CO2 is not abundant in our sources.
The abundances are nearly constant for T_ex>~100 K at a value of a few times
10^-7, much lower than the solid-state abundances of ~1--3 times 10^-6
(Gerakines et al. 1999). For both H2O and CO2 the gas/solid ratio increases
with temperature, but the increase is much stronger for H2O than for CO2,
suggesting a different type of chemistry. In addition to the homogeneous
models, a power law model has been developed for one of our sources, based on
the physical structure of this region as determined from submillimeter data by
van der Tak et al. (1999). The resulting H2O model spectrum gives a good fit to
the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149759 </DOCNO>
Properties of String Theory on Kaluza-Klein Melvin Background


  We investigate some properties of string theory on Kaluza-Klein Melvin
background. We discuss what happens when closed string tachyons in the theory
condense, by using a linear sigma model of the Kaluza-Klein Melvin background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148667 </DOCNO>
Casimir stress on parallel plates in de Sitter space


  The Casimir stress on two parallel plates in de Sitter background for
massless scalar field satisfying Robin boundary conditions on the plates is
calculated. The metric is written in conformally flat form to make maximum use
of the Minkowski space calculations. Different cosmological constants are
assumed for the space between and outside of the plates to have general results
applicable to the case of domain wall formations in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124520 </DOCNO>
Hubble's Nobel Prize


  Astronomy is not in the list of natural sciences aimed at by the Nobel
awards. In spite of that, there were, throughout the 1930s until the early
1950s, effective moves by important scientists to distinguish Hubble with the
Prize. A short report on these attempts is made as well as speculation on what
would be the citation for the prize in view of the broad range of Hubble's
scientific achievements. Within this context, the opportunity is also taken for
publicizing the Crafoord Prize which does consider astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3856 </DOCNO>
Propagation of wave packets in randomly stratified media


  The propagation of a narrow-band signal radiated by a point source in a
randomly layered absorbing medium is studied asymptotically in the
weak-scattering limit. It is shown that in a disordered stratified medium that
is homogeneous on average a pulse is channelled along the layers in a narrow
strip in the vicinity of the source. The space-time distribution of the pulse
energy is calculated. Far from the source, the shape of wave packets is
universal and independent of the frequency spectrum of the radiated signal.
Strong localization effects manifest themselves also as a low-decaying tail of
the pulse and a strong time delay in the direction of stratification. The
frequency-momentum correlation function in a one-dimensional random medium is
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77073 </DOCNO>
Strong Symmetry Breaking at e+e- Linear Colliders


  The study of strong symmetry breaking at an e+e linear collider with
sqrt(s)=0.5-1.5 TeV is reviewed. It is shown that processes such as e+e- --> nu
nubar W+ W-, e+e- --> nu nubar t tbar, and and e+e- --> W+ W- can be used to
measure chiral Lagrangian and strong resonance parameters. The linear collider
results are compared with those expected from the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169028 </DOCNO>
de Broglie's pilot wave theory for the Klein-Gordon equation


  We illustrate, using a simple model, that in the usual formulation the
time-component of the Klein-Gordon current is not generally positive definite
even if one restricts allowed solutions to those with positive frequencies.
Since in de Broglie's theory of particle trajectories the particle follows the
current this leads to difficulties of interpretation, with the appearance of
trajectories which are closed loops in space-time and velocities not limited
from above. We show that at least this pathology can be avoided if one uses a
covariant extension of the canonical formulation of relativistic point particle
dynamics proposed by Gitman and Tyutin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6393 </DOCNO>
Nature of order from random two-body interactions


  We investigate the origin of order in the low-lying spectra of many-body
systems with random two-body interactions. Our study based both on analytical
as well as on numerical arguments shows that except for the most $J$-stretched
states, the ground states in the higher $J$-sectors are more orderly and
develop larger energy gaps than the ones in the J=0-sector. Due to different
characteristic energy scales in different $J$-sectors the J=0 ground states may
predominate only when all the states are taken together.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3305 </DOCNO>
Negative moments of characteristic polynomials of random matrices:


  We reconsider the problem of calculating arbitrary negative integer moments
of the (regularized) characteristic polynomial for $N\times N$ random matrices
taken from the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE). A very compact and convenient
integral representation is found via the use of a matrix integral close to that
considered by Ingham and Siegel. We find the asymptotic expression for the
discussed moments in the limit of large $N$. The latter is of interest because
of a conjectured relation to properties of the Riemann $\zeta-$ function
zeroes. Our method reveals a striking similarity between the structure of the
negative and positive integer moments which is usually obscured by the use of
the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation. This sheds a new light on "bosonic"
versus "fermionic" replica trick and has some implications for the
supersymmetry method. We briefly discuss the case of the chiral GUE model from
that perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97994 </DOCNO>
An information-theoretic Central Limit Theorem for finitely susceptible


  We adapt arguments concerning entropy-theoretic convergence from the
independent case to the case of FKG random variables. FKG systems are chosen
since their dependence structure is controlled through covariance alone, though
in the sequel we use many of the same arguments for weakly dependent random
variables. As in previous work of Barron and Johnson, we consider random
variables perturbed by small normals, since the FKG property gives us control
of the resulting densities. We need to impose a finite susceptibility condition
-- that is, the covariance between one random variable and the sum of all the
random variables should remain finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1865 </DOCNO>
On a certain analogy between hydrodynamic flow in porous media and heat


  We consider a porous medium being saturated with a pore fluid (Biot's
theory). The fluid is assumed as incompressible. It is shown that the general
integral of the elastic and pressure equations can be written in form of a time
dependent vectorpotential ${\bf F}$ being a solution of a homogeneous, fourth
order differential equation. The obtained equation for ${\bf F}$ is of a more
general form than the corresponding thermo-elastic vectorpotential, being a
solution of a time dependent and inhomogeneous vector bi-Laplacian. Both
vectorpotentials do, however, agree for stationary problems in general and for
certain particular boundary conditions (irrotational deformations). An example
of an irrotational deformation is studied in detail, exhibiting known
properties of classical vector diffusion

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95997 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic Determination of the Rational Cohomology of Complex


  We give algorithms for the computation of the algebraic de Rham cohomology of
open and closed algebraic sets inside projective space or other smooth complex
toric varieties. The methods, which are based on Gr\"obner basis computations
in rings of differential operators, can also be used to compute the cohomology
of intersections of smooth closed and open subsets, and in certain situations
the cup-product structure.
  We give some examples which were carried out with the help of \Mtwo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73474 </DOCNO>
Inclusive dijet photoproduction and the resolved photon at THERA


  A future $ep$ facility, THERA, where electrons of 250 GeV and protons of 920
GeV are collided could provide valuable information on the structure of the
photon. With an increase in the centre-of-mass energy of a factor of 3 and an
extension of the minimum photon energy fraction carried by the interacting
parton of a factor of 10 compared to HERA, a new kinematic regime in the study
of the photon will be opened. Inclusive dijet production has been studied and
the potential gains the new collider would bring are discussed. The differences
between current parametrisations of the photon structure in this new kinematic
region are shown to be up to 50%. Comparisons of THERA's capabilities are made
with what HERA can currently produce and how it complements $e^+e^-$ colliders
addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1561 </DOCNO>
Scaling functions from q-deformed Virasoro characters


  We propose a renormalization group scaling function which is constructed from
q-deformed fermionic versions of Virasoro characters. By comparison with
alternative methods, which take their starting point in the massive theories,
we demonstrate that these new functions contain qualitatively the same
information. We show that these functions allow for RG-flows not only amongst
members of a particular series of conformal field theories, but also between
different series such as N=0,1,2 supersymmetric conformal field theories. We
provide a detailed analysis of how Weyl characters may be utilized in order to
solve various recurrence relations emerging at the fixed points of these flows.
The q-deformed Virasoro characters allow furthermore for the construction of
particle spectra, which involve unstable pseudo-particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128583 </DOCNO>
An Atlas of FUSE Sight Lines Toward the Magellanic Clouds


  We present an atlas of 57 Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and 37 Small
Magellanic Cloud (SMC) observations obtained with the Far Ultraviolet
Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) satellite. The atlas highlights twelve
interstellar absorption line transitions at a resolution of ~15 km/s. These
transitions cover a broad range of temperatures, ionization states, and
abundances. The species included are OVI, which probes hot (T~3x10^5 K) ionized
gas; CIII and FeIII, which probe warm (T~10^4 K) ionized gas; SiII, PII, CII,
FeII, and OI, warm neutral gas; and six different molecular hydrogen
transitions, which trace cold (T<=500 K) gas. We include Schmidt Halpha CCD
images of the region surrounding each sight line showing the morphology of warm
ionized gas in the vicinity, along with continuum images near each FUSE
aperture position. Finally, we present several initial scientific results
derived from this dataset on the interstellar medium of the Magellanic Clouds
and Galactic halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123528 </DOCNO>
Absorption Systems in the Spectra of 66 z > 4 Quasars


  We present high signal-to-noise, 5 A resolution (FWHM) spectra of 66 z \ga 4
bright quasars obtained with the 4 m Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
and 4.2 m William Hershel telescopes. The primary goal of these observations
was to undertake a new survey for intervening absorption systems detected in
the spectra of background quasars. We look for both Lyman-limit systems (column
densities N(HI) > 1.6 * 10^{17} atoms cm-2) and damped Ly-alpha systems (column
densities N(HI) > 2 * 10^{20} atoms cm-2). This work resulted in the discovery
of 49 Lyman-limit systems, 15 of which are within 3000 km s-1 of the quasar
emission and thus might be associated with the quasar itself, 26 new damped
Ly-alpha absorption candidates, 15 of which have z>3.5 and numerous metal
absorption systems. In addition ten of the quasars presented here exhibit
intrinsic broad absorption lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127445 </DOCNO>
Disruption of satellites in cosmological haloes


  We investigate how the survival of dark matter satellites inside virialized
halos depends on tidal stripping and dynamical friction. We use an analytic
approach and then compare the results with N-Body simulations. Both the
satellites and the primary halos are similar to cosmological haloes and have
NFW density profiles. Satellites can either merge with the primary halo or
continue to move on barely perturbed orbits, eventually being disrupted,
depending on the relative strength of friction and tidal forces. We propose
that their actual fate depends simply on their mass ratio relative to the
primary halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148248 </DOCNO>
Deformations of Closed Strings and Topological Open Membranes


  We study deformations of topological closed strings. A well-known example is
the perturbation of a topological closed string by itself, where the
associative OPE product is deformed, and which is governed by the WDVV
equations. Our main interest will be closed strings that arise as the boundary
theory for topological open membranes, where the boundary string is deformed by
the bulk membrane operators. The main example is the topological open membrane
theory with a nonzero 3-form field in the bulk. In this case the Lie bracket of
the current algebra is deformed, leading in general to a correction of the
Jacobi identity. We identify these deformations in terms of deformation theory.
To this end we describe the deformation of the algebraic structure of the
closed string, given by the BRST operator, the associative product and the Lie
bracket. Quite remarkably, we find that there are three classes of deformations
for the closed string, two of which are exemplified by the WDVV theory and the
topological open membrane. The third class remains largely mysterious, as we
have no explicit example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85774 </DOCNO>
Is Minisuperspace Quantum Gravity Reliable?


  We study a minisuperspace quantum cosmology for a 2+1 dimensional de Sitter
universe and find the wave function both exactly and in WKB approximation. Then
we extend the model to a canonically quantized field theory for quantum
gravity, i.e., a midisuperspace, and obtain the wave functional of the
resulting field theory in the saddle point approximation. It is shown that
these two approaches yield different results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2269 </DOCNO>
Electrical current distribution across a metal-insulator-metal structure


  Combining scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron-beam-induced
current (EBIC) imaging with transport measurements, it is shown that the
current flowing across a two-terminal oxide-based capacitor-like structure is
preferentially confined in areas localized at defects. As the thin-film device
switches between two different resistance states, the distribution and
intensity of the current paths, appearing as bright spots, change. This implies
that switching and memory effects are mainly determined by the conducting
properties along such paths. A model based on the storage and release of charge
carriers within the insulator seems adequate to explain the observed memory
effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4460 </DOCNO>
Heisenberg exchange parameters of molecular magnets from the


  We provide exact analytical expressions for the magnetic susceptibility
function in the high temperature expansion for finite Heisenberg spin systems
with an arbitrary coupling matrix, arbitrary single-spin quantum number, and
arbitrary number of spins. The results can be used to determine unknown
exchange parameters from zero-field magnetic susceptibility measurements
without diagonalizing the system Hamiltonian. We demonstrate the possibility of
reconstructing the exchange parameters from simulated data for two specific
model systems. We examine the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 871 </DOCNO>
Some geometrical aspects of the Microcanonical Distribution


  In the present work is presented some considerations for a possible
generalization of the Microcanonical thermoestatics (M.Th) of D.H.E. Gross.The
same reveals a geometric aspect that commonly it has been disregarded so far:
the local reparametrization invariance . This new characteristic leads to the
needing of generalizing the methods of M.Th to be consequent with this
property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125625 </DOCNO>
Non-Gaussian Aspects of Thermal and Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effects


  We discuss non-Gaussian effects associated with the local large-scale
structure contributions to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies
through the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. The non-Gaussianities
associated with the SZ effect arise from the existence of a significant
four-point correlation function in large scale pressure fluctuations. Using the
full covariance matrix of the SZ thermal power spectrum, we study astrophysical
uses of the SZ effect and discuss the extent to which gas properties can be
derived from a measurement of the SZ power spectrum. With the SZ thermal effect
separated in temperature fluctuations using its frequency information, the
kinetic SZ effect is expected to dominate the CMB temperature fluctuations at
small angular scales. The presence of the SZ kinetic effect can be determined
through a cross-correlation between the SZ thermal and a CMB map at small
scales. We suggest a statistic that can be used to study the correlation
between pressure traced by the SZ thermal effect and the baryons traced by the
SZ kinetic effect involving the cross-power spectrum constructed through
squared temperatures instead of the usual temperature itself. Through a
signal-to-noise calculation, we show that future small angular scale
multi-frequency CMB experiments, sensitive to multipoles of a few thousand,
will be able to measure the cross-correlation of SZ thermal and SZ kinetic
effect through a temperature squared power spectrum (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75330 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum of the MSSM with Non-Standard Supersymmetry Breaking


  The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) can include two soft
breaking terms which are often neglected: a non-analytic scalar trilinear
coupling and a Higgsino bilinear term. A set of high-scale boundary conditions
consistent with the reparameterisation invariance which the model possesses is
obtained. The three-family renormalisation group equations for the MSSM with
these terms are presented. The ranges of the universal high-scale values of
these couplings which lead to an acceptable TeV-scale theory are obtained, as
is the supersymmetric particle spectrum at this scale. The effect of the new
terms on fine-tuning is presented. SOFTSUSY, an existing program for
calculating SUSY particle spectra, has been used, with as few modifications as
possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127577 </DOCNO>
Synchrotron and Synchrotron Self-Compton Spectral Signatures and Blazar


  We find that energy losses due to synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission in
blazar jets can produce distinctive signatures in the time-averaged synchrotron
and SSC spectra of these objects. For a fairly broad range of particle
injection distributions, SSC-loss dominated synchrotron emission exhibits a
spectral dependence $F_\nu \sim \nu^{-3/2}$. The presence or absence of this
dependence in the optical and ultraviolet spectra of flat spectrum radio
quasars such as 3C~279 and in the soft X-ray spectra of high frequency BL Lac
objects such as Mrk 501 gives a robust measure of the importance of SSC losses.
Furthermore, for partially cooled particle distributions, spectral breaks of
varying sizes can appear in the synchrotron and SSC spectra and will be related
to the spectral indices of the emission below the break. These spectral
signatures place constraints on the size scale and the non-thermal particle
content of the emitting plasma as well as the observer orientation relative to
the jet axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126096 </DOCNO>
The SNR G106.3+2.7 and its Pulsar Wind Nebula: relics of triggered star


  We propose that the pulsar nebula associated with the pulsar J2229+6114 and
the supernova remnant (SNR) G106.3+2.7 are the result of the same supernova
explosion. The whole structure is located at the edge of an HI bubble with
extended regions of molecular gas inside. The radial velocities of both the
atomic hydrogen and the molecular material suggest a distance of 800 pc. At
this distance the SNR is 14 pc long and 6 pc wide. Apparently the bubble was
created by the stellar wind and supernova explosions of a group of stars in its
center which also triggered the formation of the progenitor star of G106.3+2.7.
The progenitor star exploded at or close to the current position of the pulsar,
which is at one end of the SNR rather than at its center. The expanding shock
wave of the supernova explosion created a comet shaped supernova remnant by
running into dense material and then breaking out into the inner part of the HI
bubble. A synchrotron nebula with a shell-like structure (the ``Boomerang'') of
length 0.8 pc was created by the pulsar wind interacting with the dense ambient
medium. The expanding shock wave created an HI shell of mass 0.4 Msun around
this nebula by ionizing the atomic hydrogen in its vicinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148232 </DOCNO>
D-branes in B Fields


  The RR Page charges for the D2-, D4-, D6-brane in B fields are constructed
explicitly from the equations of motion and the nonvanishing (modified) Bianchi
identities by exploiting their properties --- conserved and localized. It is
found that the RR Page charges are independent of the backgound B fields, which
provides further evidence that the RR Page charge should be quantized. In our
construction, it is highly nontrivial that the terms like B x B x B, B x B x F,
B x F x F from different sources are exactly cancelled with each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113437 </DOCNO>
A numerical ab initio study of harmonic generation from a ring-shaped


  When a laser pulse impinges on a molecule which is invariant under certain
symmetry operations selection rules for harmonic generation (HG) arise. In
other words: symmetry controls which channels are open for the deposition and
emission of laser energy---with the possible application of filtering or
amplification. We review the derivation of HG selection rules and study
numerically the interaction of laser pulses with an effectively one-dimensional
ring-shaped model molecule. The harmonic yields obtained from that model and
their dependence on laser frequency and intensity are discussed. In a real
experiment obvious candidates for such molecules are benzene, other aromatic
compounds, or even nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179062 </DOCNO>
Relativistic and non-relativistic studies of nuclear matter


  Recently we showed that while the tensor force plays an important role in
nuclear matter saturation in non-relativistic studies, it does not do so in
relativistic studies. The reason behind this is the role of $M^*$, the sum of
nucleon mass and its attractive self-energy in nuclear matter. Yet
nonrelativistic calculations at a certain level of approximation are far less
difficult than comparative relativistic calculation. Naturally the question
arises if one can modify a nonrelativistic method, say, the lowest order
Brueckner theory (LOBT), to reproduce approximately the results of a
relativistic calculation. While a many body effect, the role of $M^*$ is
intrinsically relativistic. It cannot be simulated by adding multi-body forces
in a nonrelativistic calculation. Instead, we examine if adding a set of
recipes to LOBT can be useful for the purpose. We point out that the
differences in the results arise principally from two reasons - first, the role
of $M^*$ and second, the disappearance in a relativistic treatment of the gap
in the hole and particle energy spectra, present in LOBT. In this paper we show
that LOBT, modified by {\it recipes} to remove these two reasons, generates
results quite close to those of Dirac-Brueckner theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1114 </DOCNO>
Effects of thermal fluctuation and the receptor-receptor interaction in


  Bacterial chemotaxis is controlled by the conformational changes of the
receptors, in response to the change of the ambient chemical concentration. In
a statistical mechanical approach, the signalling due to the conformational
changes is a thermodynamic average quantity, dependent on the temperature and
the total energy of the system, including both ligand-receptor interaction and
receptor-receptor interaction. This physical theory suggests to biology a new
understanding of cooperation in ligand binding and receptor signalling
problems. How much experimental support of this approach can be obtained from
the currently available data? What are the parameter values? What is the
practical information for experiments? Here we make comparisons between the
theory and recent experimental results. Although currently comparisons can only
be semi-quantitative or qualitative, consistency is clearly shown. The theory
also helps to sort a variety of data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3440 </DOCNO>
Quantum dots in magnetic fields: thermal response of broken symmetry


  We investigate the thermal properties of circular semiconductor quantum dots
in high magnetic fields using finite temperature Hartree-Fock techniques. We
demonstrate that for a given magnetic field strength quantum dots undergo
various shape phase transitions as a function of temperature, and we outline
possible observable consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75864 </DOCNO>
Stability of strange quark matter: MIT bag versus Color Dielectric Model


  We discuss the properties of strange matter, in particular the minimum of the
energy per baryon number as a function of the strangeness fraction. We utilize
both the MIT bag model and the Color Dielectric Model and compare the energy
per baryon with the masses of hyperons having the corresponding strangeness
fraction, which are coherently calculated within both models. We also take into
account the perturbative exchange of gluons. The results obtained in the two
approaches allow to discuss the stability of strangelets. While the MIT bag
model and the double minimum version of the Color Dielectric Model allow the
existence of strangelets, the single minimum version of the Color Dielectric
Model excludes this possibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2889 </DOCNO>
Spin waves in the spiral phase of a doped antiferromagnet: a


  We study spin fluctuations in the spiral phase of the two-dimensional Hubbard
model at low doping on the basis of the spin-particle-hole coherent-state path
integral. In the strong correlation limit, we obtain an analytical expression
of the spin-wave excitations over the entire Brillouin zone except in the
vicinity of ${\bf q}=0$. We discuss the validity of the Hartree-Fock and
random-phase approximations in the strong-coupling limit, and compare our
results with previous numerical and analytical calculations. Although the
spiral phase is unstable, as shown by a negative mean-field compressibility and
the presence of imaginary spin-fluctuation modes, we expect the
short-wavelength fluctuation modes (with real energies) to survive in the
actual ground-state of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126223 </DOCNO>
Spectrum Analysis of Type IIb Supernova 1996cb


  We analyze a time series of optical spectra of SN 1993J-like supernova
1996cb, from 14 days before maximum to 86 days after that, with a parameterized
supernova synthetic-spectrum code SYNOW. Detailed line identification are made
through fitting the synthetic spectra to observed ones. The derived
photospheric velocity, decreasing from 11,000 km/s to 3,000 km/s, gives a rough
estimate of the ratio of explosion kinetic energy to ejecta mass, i.e. E/M_ej
\sim 0.2-0.5 \times 10^51 ergs / M_ej(M_\sun). We find that the minimum
velocity of hydrogen is about 10,000 km/s, which suggests a small hydrogen
envelope mass of \sim 0.02-0.1 M_ej, or 0.1-0.2 M_\sun if E is assumed 1 \times
10^51 ergs. A possible Ni II absorption feature near 4000 \AA is identified
throughout the epochs studied here and is most likely produced by primordial
nickel. Unambiguous Co II features emerge from 16 days after maximum onward,
which suggests that freshly synthesized radioactive material has been mixed
outward to a velocity of at least 7,000 km/s as a result of hydrodynamical
instabilities. Although our synthetic spectra show that the bulk of the
blueshift of [O I] 5577 net emission, as large as \sim 70 \AA at 9 days after
maximum, is attributed to line blending, a still considerable residual \sim 20
\AA remains till the late phase. It may be evidence of clumpy or large-scale
asymmetric nature of oxygen emission region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98511 </DOCNO>
Perturbation theory of dynamical systems


  This text is a slightly edited version of lecture notes for a course I gave
at ETH, during the Summer term 2001, to undergraduate Mathematics and Physics
students. It covers a few selected topics from perturbation theory at an
introductory level. Only certain results are proved, and for some of the most
important theorems, sketches of the proofs are provided.
  Contents:
  Chapter 1 - Introduction and Examples
  Chapter 2 - Bifurcations and Unfolding
  Chapter 3 - Regular Perturbation Theory
  Chapter 4 - Singular Perturbation Theory

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4083 </DOCNO>
Anomalies of ac driven solitary waves with internal modes: Nonparametric


  We study the dynamics of kinks in the $\phi^4$ model subjected to a
parametric ac force, both with and without damping, as a paradigm of solitary
waves with internal modes. By using a collective coordinate approach, we find
that the parametric force has a non-parametric effect on the kink motion.
Specifically, we find that the internal mode leads to a resonance for
frequencies of the parametric driving close to its own frequency, in which case
the energy of the system grows as well as the width of the kink. These
predictions of the collective coordinate theory are verified by numerical
simulations of the full partial differential equation. We finally compare this
kind of resonance with that obtained for non-parametric ac forces and conclude
that the effect of ac drivings on solitary waves with internal modes is exactly
the opposite of their character in the partial differential equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113421 </DOCNO>
Mysteries and Unknows of Single Bubble Sonoluminescence from Viewpoint


  UV continua observed in multi-bubble and single-bubble sonoluminescence
spectra of hydrogen-containing liquids have the same physical nature -
radiative dissociation of electronically excited hydrogen molecules (and
possibly hydrides of heavy rare gases like ArH). In the case of SBSL of "air
bubble in water" the oscillating bubble actually consists of a hydrogen/argon
mixture with periodically changing amount of water vapor. The proposed
mechanism is able to explain all available spectroscopic observations without
any exotic hypothesis but in terms usual for plasma spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99043 </DOCNO>
Le spectre et la torsion analytique des fibres en droites sur les tores


  The spectrum of the Laplace-Dolbeault operator for any line bundle with
parallel curvature on a flat complex torus is computed. The Ray-Singer analytic
torsion is then deduced, generalizing thus Bost's result for ample line bundles
and Ray-Singer's ones for flat bundles, of which we a geometric interpretation
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168332 </DOCNO>
Towards a quantum Zeno tomography


  We show that the resolution ``per absorbed particle'' of standard absorption
tomography can be outperformed by a simple interferometric setup, provided that
the different levels of "gray" in the sample are not uniformly distributed. The
technique hinges upon the quantum Zeno effect and has been tested in numerical
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3557 </DOCNO>
Log-periodic route to fractal functions


  Log-periodic oscillations have been found to decorate the usual power law
behavior found to describe the approach to a critical point, when the
continuous scale-invariance symmetry is partially broken into a discrete-scale
invariance (DSI) symmetry. We classify the `Weierstrass-type'' solutions of the
renormalization group equation F(x)= g(x)+(1/m)F(g x) into two classes
characterized by the amplitudes A(n) of the power law series expansion. These
two classes are separated by a novel ``critical'' point. Growth processes
(DLA), rupture, earthquake and financial crashes seem to be characterized by
oscillatory or bounded regular microscopic functions g(x) that lead to a slow
power law decay of A(n), giving strong log-periodic amplitudes. In contrast,
the regular function g(x) of statistical physics models with
``ferromagnetic''-type interactions at equibrium involves unbound logarithms of
polynomials of the control variable that lead to a fast exponential decay of
A(n) giving weak log-periodic amplitudes and smoothed observables. These two
classes of behavior can be traced back to the existence or abscence of
``antiferromagnetic'' or ``dipolar''-type interactions which, when present,
make the Green functions non-monotonous oscillatory and favor spatial modulated
patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168741 </DOCNO>
Note on the Controllability of Molecular Systems


  The reachable set for a finite dimensional quantum system is shown to be the
orbit of the group corresponding to the internal and control Hamiltonians, even
if this group is not compact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72821 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric and Solar Neutrino Masses and Abelian Flavor Symmetry


  Recent atmospheric and solar neutrino experiments suggest that neutrinos have
small but nonzero masses. They further suggest that mass eigenvalues have
certain degree of hierarchical structures, and also some mixing angles are
near-maximal while the others are small. We first survey possible explanations
for the smallness of neutrino masses. We then discuss some models in which the
hierarchical pattern of neutrino masses and mixing angles arises as a
consequence of U(1) flavor symmetries which would explain also the hierarchical
quark and charged lepton masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179182 </DOCNO>
Solutions of Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations in configuration space for the


  The Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations in configuration space have been solved for
the four nucleon system with special interest in their scattering states. We
present results concerning the structure of the first $^4$He, scattering states
in different (T,S) channels including the first inelatic threshold
N+3N$\to$NN+NN and the n-t cross section using realistic potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 980 </DOCNO>
Exponential decay properties of Wannier functions and related quantities


  The spatial decay properties of Wannier functions and related quantities have
been investigated using analytical and numerical methods. We find that the form
of the decay is a power law times an exponential, with a particular power-law
exponent that is universal for each kind of quantity. In one dimension we find
an exponent of -3/4 for Wannier functions, -1/2 for the density matrix and for
energy matrix elements, and -1/2 or -3/2 for different constructions of
non-orthonormal Wannier-like functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73581 </DOCNO>
A simple out-of-equilibrium field theory formalism ?


  In this paper, we determine a condition of applicability of a very simple
formalism for the calculation of a fast process taking place in a
non-equilibrium medium, in which the particle distribution functions are frozen
in time.
  Indeed, a well known obstacle for the use of such a naive formalism is the
appearance of the so-called ``pinch singularities''. We argue that these
potentially dangerous terms can be regularized, and that they are negligible if
the characteristic time-scale of the process under study is small compared to
the relaxation time of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126381 </DOCNO>
VLBA Observations and Effelsberg Monitoring of a Flaring Water Maser in


  We report on single-dish monitoring as well as extremely high angular
resolution observations of the flaring H2O maser in the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk
348. The H2O line is redshifted by ~130 km/s with respect to the systemic
velocity, is very broad, with a FWHM of 130 km/s, and has no detectable high
velocity components within 1500 km/s on either side of the strong line.
Monitoring observations made with the Effelsberg 100m telescope show that the
maser varies significantly on timescales as short as one day. VLBA observations
indicate that the maser emission arises entirely from a region less than 0.25
pc in extent, located toward a continuum component thought to be associated
with the receding jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73738 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking for Scalar QED with Non-minimal


  We investigate the two-loop effective potential for both minimally and
non-minimally coupled Maxwell-Chern-Simons theories. The non-minimal gauge
interaction represents the magnetic moment interaction between a charged scalar
and the electromagnetic field. In a previous paper we have shown that the two
loop effective potential for this model is renormalizable with an appropriate
choice of the non-minimal coupling constant. We carry out a detailed analysis
of the spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by radiative corrections. As long
as the renormalization point for all couplings is chosen to be the true minimum
of the effective potential, both models predict the presence of spontaneous
symmetry breaking. Two loop corrections are small compared to the one loop
result, and thus the symmetry breaking is perturbatively stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6282 </DOCNO>
Aging and memory effects in beta-hydrochinone-clathrate


  The out-of-equilibrium low-frequency complex susceptibility of the
orientational glass methanol(73%)-beta-hydrochinone-clathrate is studied using
temperature-stop protocols in aging experiments . Although the material does
not have a sharp glass transition aging effects including rejuvenation and
memory are found at low temperatures. However, they turn out to be much weaker,
however, than in conventional magnetic spin glasses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95442 </DOCNO>
Multi-dimensional Schwarzian derivative revisited


  We give intrinsic formula for the multi-dimensional Schwarzian derivative on
a manifold M endowed with a projective connection. This Schwarzian derivative
is naturally related to the space of second-order linear differential operators
acting on tensor densities on M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76064 </DOCNO>
Gluonic effects in vector meson photoproduction at large momentum


  Non-perturbative QCD mechanisms are of fundamental importance in strong
interaction physics. In particular, the flavor singlet axial anomaly leads to a
gluonic pole mechanism which has been shown to explain the $\eta^{\prime}$
mass, violations of the OZI rule and more recently the proton spin. We show
here that the interaction derived from the gluonic pole exchange explains the
high momentum transfer behavior of the photoproduction cross sections of vector
mesons at JLab energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129094 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Accretion: High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of the


  We present high resolution X-ray spectra of the X-ray bright classical T
Tauri star, TW Hydrae, covering the wavelength range of 1.5-25 AA. The
differential emission measure derived from fluxes of temperature-sensitive
emission lines shows a plasma with a sharply peaked temperature distribution,
peaking at log T = 6.5. Abundance anomalies are apparent, with iron very
deficient relative to oxygen, while neon is enhanced relative to oxygen.
Density-sensitive line ratios of Ne IX and O VII indicate densities near log
n_e = 13. A flare with rapid (~1 ks) rise time was detected during our 48 ksec
observation; however, based on analysis of the emission-line spectrum during
quiescent and flaring states, the derived plasma parameters do not appear
strongly time-dependent. The inferred plasma temperature distribution and
densities are consistent with a model in which the bulk of the X-ray emission
from TW Hya is generated via mass accretion from its circumstellar disk.
Assuming accretion powers the X-ray emission, our results for log n_e suggest
an accretion rate of ~10^{-8} M_sun yr^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95396 </DOCNO>
Some divergent trigonometric integrals


  Some divergent trigonometric integrals have appeared in standard tables for
many years, listed as converging. We give a simple proof that these integrals
diverge and trace their history. The original error was made when a
(startlingly) famous mathematician incorrectly differentiated under the
integral sign with some convergent integrals that depend on a paramater.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72671 </DOCNO>
High-temperature, classical, real-time dynamics of non-abelian gauge


  We test at the electroweak scale the recently proposed elaborate theoretical
scenario for real-time dynamics of non-abelian gauge theories at high
temperature. We see no sign of the predicted behavior. This indicates that
perturbative concepts like color conductivity and Landau damping might be
irrelevant at temperatures corresponding to the electroweak scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150135 </DOCNO>
An N=1 Supersymmetric G_2-invariant Flow in M-theory


  It was found that deformation of S^7 gives rise to renormalization group(RG)
flow from N=8, SO(8)-invariant UV fixed point to N=1, G_2-invariant IR fixed
point in four-dimensional gauged N=8 supergravity. Also BPS supersymmetric
domain wall configuration interpolated between these two critical points. In
this paper, we use the G_2-invariant RG flow equations for both scalar fields
and domain-wall amplitude and apply them to the nonlinear metric ansatz
developed by de Wit, Nicolai and Warner some time ago. We carry out the
M-theory lift of the G_2-invariant RG flow through a combinatoric use of the
four-dimensional RG flow equations and eleven-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell
equations. The nontrivial r(that is the coordinate transverse to the domain
wall)-dependence of vacuum expectation values becomes consistent with not only
at the critical points but also along the supersymmetric RG flow connecting two
critical points. By applying an ansatz for an eleven-dimensional three-form
gauge field with varying scalars, we discover an exact solution to the
eleven-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell equations corresponding to the M-theory
lift of the G_2-invariant RG flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83861 </DOCNO>
The Impact of Incentives in the Telecommunications Act of 1996 on


  Rules are necessary to provide or shape the incentives of individuals and
organizations. This is particularly true when free markets lead to undesirable
outcomes. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 attempted to create incentives to
foster competition. Ambiguity as well as the timing of the Act has led to
delays in the clarification of rules and the rapid obsolescence of the
document. The paper presents the strategies that common carriers adopted to try
to tilt regulation in their favor, slow the entry of competitors, maintain
their market leadership, and expand into other segments. Some of the strategies
analyzed include lobbying efforts, court challenges, and lack of cooperation
with new entrants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96204 </DOCNO>
Commutators, Lefschetz fibrations and the signatures of surface bundles


  We construct examples of Lefschetz fibrations with prescribed singular
fibers. By taking differences of pairs of such fibrations with the same
singular fibers, we obtain new examples of surface bundles over surfaces with
non-zero signature. From these we derive new upper bounds for the minimal genus
of a surface representing a given element in the second homology of a mapping
class group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3264 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear excitations in arrays of Bose-Einstein condensates


  The dynamics of localized excitations in array of Bose-Einstein condensates
is investigated in the framework of the nonlinear lattice theory. The existence
of temporarily stable ground states displaying an atomic population
distributions localized on very few lattice sites (intrinsic localized modes),
as well as, of atomic population distributions involving many lattice sites
(envelope solitons), is studied both numerically and analytically. The origin
and properties of these modes are shown to be inherently connected with the
interplay between macroscopic quantum tunnelling and nonlinearity induced
self-trapping of atoms in coupled BECs. The phenomenon of Bloch oscillations of
these excitations is studied both for zero and non zero backgrounds. We find
that in a definite range of parameters, homogeneous distributions can become
modulationally unstable. We also show that bright solitons and excitations of
shock wave type can exist in BEC arrays even in the case of positive scattering
length. Finally, we argue that BEC array with negative scattering length in
presence of linear potentials can display collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41786 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in the B0 meson system with BaBar


  The BABAR detector, at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC collected a
sample of 32 million BBbar pairs whilst operating at energies near the
Upsilon(4S) resonance between October 1999 and May 2001. An study of
time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in events where one neutral B meson is
fully reconstructed in a final state containing charmonium produced the
measurement sin2beta = 0.59 +- 0.14 (stat) +- 0.05 (syst), which constitutes an
observation of CP violation in the B0 meson system at the 4 sigma level. Also
presented are preliminary results from a study of CP violation in the decays B0
to pi+pi- and B0 to K+pi-.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127937 </DOCNO>
VIMOS IFU as a tool to observe the cores of high z clusters


  Research on the core of medium and high z clusters of galaxies can derive
great benefits from integral field spectroscopy, and a key role in this respect
will be played by the Integral Field Unit (IFU) being developed by the VIRMOS
Consortium as part of the VIMOS spectrograph. After a brief technical outline
of the instrument, some of the problems to be addressed by data reduction
techniques are described, and the scientific issues to which VIMOS IFU is
likely to give its major contribution are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4142 </DOCNO>
Crucial Effects of Intramolecular Charge Distribution on the


  We calculated the Madelung energies of both the ground state and excited
states in tetrathiafulvalene - p-chloranil (TTF-CA) by taking into account
intramolecular charge distribution. The distribution is found to be significant
in the neutral-ionic (NI) transition. In the ionic phase, the Madelung energy
depends more strongly on the intermolecular distance perpendicular to the
$\pi$-stacking chains than on that along the chains. This indicates that simple
single-chain models neglecting interchain electrostatic coupling are not
adequate. The gain of the Madelung energy due to dimerization is concluded to
be small compared with the other structural changes. We also calculated the
formation energy of excited state domains, which appear in the initial process
of the phase transition. A one-dimensional excited domain has the smallest
energy among the possible domains with the same number of molecules, and the
energy per molecule is considerably reduced in increasing the domain size. It
is consistent with the experimental suggestion that a large number of
excitations were generated by only one photon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72794 </DOCNO>
Cosmology of Randall-Sundrum models


  There are many interesting issues in the brane world with a large/warped
extra dimension. We focus on the cosmological aspects. We review the
cosmological solutions of the brane world and how the conventional
four-dimensional cosmology is recovered by including the effect of
stabilization. Its implications on the mass hierarchy and the cosmological
constant are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83780 </DOCNO>
A polynomial axles-detection algorithm for a four-contacts treadle


  This paper is the first attempt of solving the axle detection problem with a
formal approach. In particular a polynomial algorithm will be developed for a
four-contacts treadle used in the trasportation industry. As first step the
simpler problem of detecting an axle on a two-contacts treadle is solved. Hence
the solution is extended to the four-contracts treadle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127968 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectroscopy of QSOs with Broad Ultraviolet Absorption Lines


  For the population of QSOs with broad ultraviolet absorption lines, we are
just beginning to accumulate X-ray observations with enough counts for spectral
analysis at CCD resolution. From a sample of eight QSOs [including four Broad
Absorption Line (BAL) QSOs and three mini-BAL QSOs] with ASCA or Chandra
spectra with more than 200 counts, general patterns are emerging. Their
power-law X-ray continua are typical of normal QSOs with Gamma~2.0, and the
signatures of a significant column density [N_H~(0.1-4)x10^{23} cm^{-2}] of
intrinsic, absorbing gas are clear. Correcting the X-ray spectra for intrinsic
absorption recovers a normal ultraviolet-to-X-ray flux ratio, indicating that
the spectral energy distributions of this population are not inherently
anomalous. In addition, a large fraction of our sample shows significant
evidence for complexity in the absorption. The subset of BAL QSOs with broad
MgII absorption apparently suffers from Compton-thick absorption completely
obscuring the direct continuum in the 2-10 keV X-ray band, complicating any
measurement of their intrinsic X-ray spectral shapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86774 </DOCNO>
On space-times which cannot be distinguished by curvature invariants


  We present an example that non-isometric space-times with non-vanishing
curvature scalar cannot be distinguished by curvature invariants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1297 </DOCNO>
Random sequential adsorption and diffusion of dimers and k-mers on a


  We have performed extensive simulations of random sequential adsorption and
diffusion of $k$-mers, up to $k=5$ in two dimensions with particular attention
to the case $k=2$. We focus on the behavior of the coverage and of vacancy
dynamics as a function of time. We observe that for $k=2,3$ a complete coverage
of the lattice is never reached, because of the existence of frozen
configurations that prevent isolated vacancies in the lattice to join. From
this result we argue that complete coverage is never attained for any value of
$k$. The long time behavior of the coverage is not mean field and nonanalytic,
with $t^{-1/2}$ as leading term. Long time coverage regimes are independent of
the initial conditions while strongly depend on the diffusion probability and
deposition rate and, in particular, different values of these parameters lead
to different final values of the coverage. The geometrical complexity of these
systems is also highlighted through an investigation of the vacancy population
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73998 </DOCNO>
Hard pomeron enhancement of ultrahigh-energy neutrino-nucleon


  An unknown small-x behavior of nucleon structure functions gives appreciable
uncertainties to high-energy neutrino-nucleon cross-sections. We construct
structure functions using at small x Regge inspired description by A. Donnachie
and P. V. Landshoff with soft and hard pomerons, and employing at larger x the
perturbative QCD expressions. The smooth interpolation between two regimes for
each Q^2 is provided with the help of simple polynomial functions. To obtain
low-x neutrino-nucleon structure functions $F_2^{\nu N, \bar \nu N}(x,Q^2)$ and
singlet part of $F_{3}^{\nu N,\bar \nu N}(x,Q^2)$ from Donnachie-Landshoff
function $F_2^{ep}(x,Q^2)$, we use the Q^2-dependent ratios R_2(Q^2) and
R_3(Q^2) derived from perturbative QCD calculations. Non-singlet part of F_3 at
low x, which is very small, is taken as power-law extrapolation of perturbative
function at larger x. This procedure gives a full set of smooth
neutrino-nucleon structure functions in the whole range of x and Q^2 at
interest.
  Using these structure functions, we have calculated the neutrino-nucleon
cross-sections and compared them with some other cross-sections known in
literature. Our cross-sections turn out to be the highest among them at the
highest energies, which is explained by contribution of the hard pomeron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5862 </DOCNO>
Zero-bias anomaly in two-dimensional electron layers and multiwall


  The zero-bias anomaly in the dependence of the tunneling density of states
$\nu (\epsilon)$ on the energy $\epsilon$ of the tunneling particle for two-
and one-dimensional multilayered structures is studied. We show that for a
ballistic two-dimensional (2D) system the first order interaction correction to
DOS due to the plasmon excitations studied by Khveshchenko and Reizer is partly
compensated by the contribution of electron-hole pairs which is twice as small
and has the opposite sign. For multilayered systems the total correction to the
density of states near the Fermi energy has the form $\delta \nu/\nu_0 = {max}
(| \epsilon |, \epsilon^*)/4\epsilon_F$, where $\epsilon^*$ is the plasmon
energy gap of the multilayered 2D system. In the case of one-dimensional
conductors we study multiwall nanotubes with the elastic mean free path
exceeding the radius of the nanotube. The dependence of the tunneling density
of states energy, temperature and on the number of shells is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74769 </DOCNO>
Natural Quintessence and Large Extra Dimensions


  We examine the late-time (nucleosynthesis and later) cosmological
implications of brane-world scenarios having large (millimeter sized) extra
dimensions. In particular, recent proposals for understanding why the extra
dimensions are so large in these models indicate that moduli like the radion
appear (to four-dimensional observers) to be extremely light, with a mass of
order 10^{-33} eV, allowing them to play the role of the light scalar of
quintessence models. The radion-as-quintessence solves a long-standing problem
since its small mass is technically natural, in that it is stable against
radiative corrections. Its challenges are to explain why such a light particle
has not been seen in precision tests of gravity, and why Newton's constant has
not appreciably evolved since nucleosynthesis. We find the couplings suggested
by stabilization models can provide explanations for both of these questions.
We identify the features which must be required of any earlier epochs of
cosmology in order for these explanations to hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97218 </DOCNO>
Niveaux de R-scindement de structures de Hodge mixtes


  We propose a generalization of the notion of ${\bf R}$-split mixed Hodge
structure by defining a ${\bf R}$-splitting level for mixed Hodge structures.
This is a discrete invariant taking values in positive integers and equal to 0
for ${\bf R}$-split mixed Hodge structures. We describe some properties of this
invariant for classical operations on these structures and give some explicit
calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87253 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the distributional Schwarzschild geometry


  This work is devoted to a mathematical analysis of the distributional
Schwarzschild geometry. The Schwarzschild solution is extended to include the
singularity; the energy momentum tensor becomes a delta-distribution supported
at r=0. Using generalized distributional geometry in the sense of Colombeau's
(special) construction the nonlinearities are treated in a mathematically
rigorous way. Moreover, generalized function techniques are used as a tool to
give a unified discussion of various approaches taken in the literature so far;
in particular we comment on geometrical issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4392 </DOCNO>
Scaling Behavior of Anomalous Hall Effect and Longitudinal Nonlinear


  Based on existing theoretical model and by considering our longitudinal
nonlinear response function, we derive a nonliear equation in which the mixed
state Hall resistivity can be expressed as an analytical function of magnetic
field, temperature and applied current. This equation enables one to compare
quantitatively the experimental data with theoretical model. We also find some
new scaling relations of the temperature and field dependency of Hall
resistivity. The comparison between our theoretical curves and experimental
data shows a fair agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179352 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy with random and displaced random ensembles


  Due to the time reversal invariance of the angular momentum operator J^2, the
average energies and variances at fixed J for random two-body Hamiltonians
exhibit odd-even-J staggering, that may be especially strong for J=0. It is
shown that upon ensemble averaging over random runs, this behaviour is
reflected in the yrast states. Displaced (attractive) random ensembles lead to
rotational spectra with strongly enhanced BE2 transitions for a certain class
of model spaces. It is explained how to generalize these results to other forms
of collectivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123654 </DOCNO>
Narrow Moving Fe K-alpha lines from magnetic flares in AGN


  We point out that luminous magnetic flares, thought to occur in standard AGN
accretion disks, cannot be located much higher than few pressure scale heights
above the disk. Using this fact, we estimate the fraction of the disk surface
illuminated by a typical flare. This fraction turns out to be very small for
geometrically thin disks, which implies that the instantaneous Fe K-alpha
emission line from a specific magnetic flare is narrow. The line is red- or
blue-shifted depending on the position of the observer relative to the flare
and sweeps across the line band with time. We present several examples of
theoretical time-resolved line profiles from such flares for a non-rotating
black hole. The observations of such moving features with future X-ray
telescopes will present a powerful test of the accretion disk geometry and may
also test General Relativity in the strong field limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125380 </DOCNO>
Pre-Existing Superbubbles as the Sites of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  According to recent models, gamma-ray bursts apparently explode in a wide
variety of ambient densities ranging from ~ 10^{-3} to 30 cm^{-3}. The lowest
density environments seem, at first sight, to be incompatible with bursts in or
near molecular clouds or with dense stellar winds and hence with the
association of gamma-ray bursts with massive stars. We argue that low ambient
density regions naturally exist in areas of active star formation as the
interiors of superbubbles. The evolution of the interior bubble density as a
function of time for different assumptions about the evaporative or
hydrodynamical mass loading of the bubble interior is discussed. We present a
number of reasons why there should exist a large range of inferred afterglow
ambient densities whether gamma-ray bursts arise in massive stars or some
version of compact star coalescence. We predict that many gamma-ray bursts will
be identified with X-ray bright regions of galaxies, corresponding to
superbubbles, rather than with blue localized regions of star formation.
Massive star progenitors are expected to have their own circumstellar winds.
The lack of evidence for individual stellar winds associated with the
progenitor stars for the cases with afterglows in especially low density
environments may imply low wind densities and hence low mass loss rates
combined with high velocities. If gamma-ray bursts are associated with massive
stars, this combination might be expected for compact progenitors with
atmospheres dominated by carbon, oxygen or heavier elements, that is,
progenitors resembling Type Ic supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125526 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey HELLAS, III: testing


  The BeppoSAX High Energy Large Area Survey (HELLAS) has surveyed several tens
of square degrees of the sky in the 5--10 keV band down to a flux of about 5
10^-14 erg cm-2 s-1. The extrapolation of the HELLAS logN--logS towards fainter
fluxes with an euclidean slope is consistent with the first XMM measurements,
in the same energy band, which are a factor 20 more sensitive. The source
counts in the hardest band so far surveyed by X-ray satellites are used to
constrain XRB models. It is shown that in order to reproduce the 5--10 keV
counts over the range of fluxes covered by BeppoSAX and XMM a large fraction of
highly absorbed (logN_H = 23--24 cm-2), luminous (L_X > 10^44 erg s-1) AGN is
needed. A sizeable number of more heavily obscured, Compton thick, objects
cannot be ruled out but it is not required by the present data. The model
predicts an absorption distribution consistent with that found from the
hardness ratios analysis of the so far identified HELLAS sources. Interestingly
enough, there is evidence of a decoupling between X-ray absorption and optical
reddening indicators especially at high redshifts/luminosities where several
broad line quasars show hardness ratios typical of absorbed power law models
with logN_H=22--24 cm-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4269 </DOCNO>
Observation of band structure and density of states effects in Co-based


  Utilizing Co/Al$_2$O$_3$/Co magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with Co
electrodes of different crystalline phases, a clear relationship between
electrode structure and junction transport properties is presented. For
junctions with one fcc(111) textured and one polycrystalline (poly-phase and
poly-directional) Co electrode, a strong asymmetry is observed in the
magnetotransport properties, while when both electrodes are polycrystalline the
magnetotransport is essentially symmetric. These observations are successfully
explained within a model based on ballistic tunneling between the calculated
band structures (DOS) of fcc-Co and hcp-Co.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168868 </DOCNO>
Qubit logic modeling by electronic circuits and electromagnetic signals


  In the paper an approach is presented allowing to model quantum logic
circuits by electronic gates for discrete spatially modulated electromagnetic
signals. The designed circuitry is for modeling low scale quantum nets of
general design and quantum devices based only on superposition principle of
their work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124465 </DOCNO>
New results on the temporal structure of GRBs


  We analyze the temporal structure of long ((T_{90}>2sec)) and short
((T_{90}<2sec)) BATSE bursts. We find that: (i) In many short bursts (\delta
t_{min}/T\ll 1) (where (\delta t_{min}) is the shortest pulse). This indicates
that short bursts arise, like long ones, in internal shocks. (ii) In long
bursts there is an excess of long intervals between pulses (relative to a
lognormal distribution). This excess can be explained by the existence of
\emph{quiescent times}, long periods with no signal above the background that
arise, most likely, from periods with no source activity. The lognormal
distribution of the intervals (excluding the \emph{quiescent times}) is similar
and correlated with the distribution of the pulses width, in agreement with the
predictions of the internal shock model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5732 </DOCNO>
Carbon Concentration Dependence of the Superconducting Transition


  The crystal structure of the superconductor MgCxNi3 is reported as a function
of carbon concentration determined by powder neutron diffraction. The
single-phase perovskite structure was found in only a narrow range of carbon
content, 0.88 < x < 1.0. The superconducting transition temperature was found
to decrease systematically with decreasing carbon concentration. The
introduction of carbon vacancies has a significant effect on the positions of
the Ni atoms. No evidence for long range magnetic ordering was seen by neutron
diffraction for carbon stoichiometries within the perovskite phase stability
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1595 </DOCNO>
Stretched Exponential Decay of a Quasiparticle in a Quantum Dot


  The decay of a quasiparticle in an isolated quantum dot is considered. At
relatively small time the probability to find the system in the initial state
decays exponentially: $P(t)\sim \exp(-\Gamma t)$, in accordance with the golden
rule. However, the contributions to $P(t)$ accounting for the discreteness of
final three-particle states, five-particle states, etc. decay much slower being
$\sim (\Delta_3/\Gamma)^n \exp(-\Gamma t/(2n+1))$ for $2n+1$ final particles.
Here $\Delta_3 \ll \Gamma$ is the level spacing for three-particle states
available via the direct decay. These corrections are dominant at large enough
time and slow down the decay to become $\ln (P)\sim -\sqrt{t}$ asymptotically.
$P(t)$ fluctuates strongly in this regime and the analytical formula for the
distribution $W(P)$ is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86250 </DOCNO>
Discrete Symmetries in Translation Invariant Cosmological Models


  In this paper we investigate a class of (d+1) dimensional cosmological models
with a cosmological constant possessing an R^d simply transitive symmetry group
and show that it can be written in a form that manifests the effect of a
permutation symmetry. We investigate the solution orbifold and calculate the
probability of a certain number of dimensions that will expand or contract. We
use this to calculate the probabilities up to dimension d=5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86636 </DOCNO>
A new stationary cylindrically symmetric solution of the Einstein's


  In this article a new stationary cylindrically symmetric solution of the
Einstein's field equations with cosmological constant and Time machine is
given. The garavitational field is created by ideal liquid with three massless
scalar fields or by ideal liquid with electric-magnetic field and massless
scalar field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41469 </DOCNO>
Search for B Decays into K0-anti-K0


  We present preliminary results of a search for B0-->K0-anti-K0 decays in the
K0SK0S final state using a sample of approximately 23 million B-anti-B pairs
collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. We
find no evidence for a signal and set an upper limit on the branching fraction
of 7.3 x 10^{-6} at the 90% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128758 </DOCNO>
The Mass Function of an X-Ray Flux-Limited Sample of Galaxy Clusters


  A new X-ray selected and X-ray flux-limited galaxy cluster sample is
presented. Based on the ROSAT All-Sky Survey the 63 brightest clusters with
galactic latitude |bII| >= 20 deg and flux fx(0.1-2.4 keV) >= 2 * 10^{-11}
ergs/s/cm^2 have been compiled. Gravitational masses have been determined
utilizing intracluster gas density profiles, derived mainly from ROSAT PSPC
pointed observations, and gas temperatures, as published mainly from ASCA
observations, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. This sample and an extended
sample of 106 galaxy clusters is used to establish the X-ray
luminosity--gravitational mass relation. From the complete sample the galaxy
cluster mass function is determined and used to constrain the mean cosmic
matter density and the amplitude of mass fluctuations. Comparison to
Press--Schechter type model mass functions in the framework of Cold Dark Matter
cosmological models and a Harrison--Zeldovich initial density fluctuation
spectrum yields the constraints OmegaM = 0.12^{+0.06}_{-0.04} and sigma8 =
0.96^{+0.15}_{-0.12} (90% c.l.). Various possible systematic uncertainties are
quantified. Adding all identified systematic uncertainties to the statistical
uncertainty in a worst case fashion results in an upper limit OmegaM < 0.31.
For comparison to previous results a relation sigma8 = 0.43 OmegaM^{-0.38} is
derived. The mass function is integrated to show that the contribution of mass
bound within virialized cluster regions to the total matter density is small,
i.e., OmegaCluster = 0.012^{+0.003}_{-0.004} for cluster masses larger than
6.4^{+0.7}_{-0.6} * 10^{13} h_{50}^{-1} Msun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148072 </DOCNO>
A note on N=4 supersymmetric mechanics on K\"ahler manifolds


  The geometric models of N=4 supersymmetric mechanics with
$(2d.2d)_{\DC}$-dimensional phase space are proposed, which can be viewed as
one-dimensional counterparts of two-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric sigma-models
by Alvarez-Gaum\'e and Freedman. The related construction of supersymmetric
mechanics whose phase space is a K\"ahler supermanifold is considered. Also,
its relation with antisymplectic geometry is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113381 </DOCNO>
Non-locality and Intermittency in 3D Turbulence


  Numerical simulations are used to determine the influence of the non-local
and local interactions on the intermittency corrections in the scaling
properties of 3D turbulence. We show that neglect of local interactions leads
to an enhanced small-scale energy spectrum and to a significantly larger number
of very intense vortices (tornadoes) and stronger intermittency. On the other
hand, neglect of the non-local interactions results in even stronger
small-scale spectrum but significantly weaker intermittency. Based on these
observations, a new model of turbulence is proposed, in which non-local
(RDT-like) interactions couple large and small scale via a multiplicative
process with additive noise and the local interactions are modeled by a
turbulent viscosity. This model is used to derive a simple toy version of the
Langevin equations for small-scale velocity increments. A Gaussian
approximation for the large scale fields yields the Fokker-Planck equation for
the probability distribution function of the velocity increments.
 Steady state solutions of this equation allows to qualitatively explain the
anomalous corrections and the skewness generation along scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168920 </DOCNO>
Evolutionarily Stable Strategies in Quantum Hawk-Dove Game


  Hawk-Dove is an interesting and important game of evolutionary biology. We
consider the game from point of view of Evolutionarily Stable Strategies
(ESSs). In the classical version of the game only a mixed ESS exists.We find a
quantum version of this game where a pure strategy can also exist as an ESS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168957 </DOCNO>
A device for feasible fidelity, purity, Hilbert-Schmidt distance and


  A generic model of measurement device which is able to directly measure
commonly used quantum-state characteristics such as fidelity, overlap, purity
and Hilbert-Schmidt distance for two general uncorrelated mixed states is
proposed. In addition, for two correlated mixed states, the measurement
realizes an entanglement witness for Werner's separability criterion. To
determine these observables, the estimation only one parameter - the visibility
of interference, is needed. The implementations in cavity QED, trapped ion and
electromagnetically induced transparency experiments are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97766 </DOCNO>
Signatures of links in rational homology spheres


  A theory of signatures for odd-dimensional links in rational homology spheres
is studied via their generalized Seifert surfaces. The jump functions of
signatures are shown invariant under appropriately generalized concordance and
a special care is given to accommodate 1-dimensional links with mutual linking.
Furthermore our concordance theory of links in rational homology spheres
remains highly nontrivial after factoring out the contribution from links in
integral homology spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98626 </DOCNO>
Fedosov connections on jet bundles and deformation quantization


  We review our construction of star-products on Poisson manifolds and discuss
some examples. In particular, we work out the relation with Fedosov's original
construction in the symplectic case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6656 </DOCNO>
Ground-state properties of two-dimensional dimerized Heisenberg models


  The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ground-state properties of
two-dimensional Heisenberg models on a square lattice with a given
dimerization. Our aim is threefold: First, we want to investigate the
dimensional transition from two to one dimension for three models consisting of
weakly coupled chains for large dimerizations. Simple scaling arguments show
that the interchain coupling is always relevant. The ground states of two of
these models therefore have one-dimensional nature only at the decoupling
point. The third considered model is more complicated, because it contains
additional relevant intrachain couplings leading to a gap as shown by scaling
arguments and numerical investigations. Second, we investigate at which point
the dimerization destroys the N\'eel ordered ground state of the isotropic
model. Within a mapping to a nonlinear sigma-model and linear spinwave theory
(LSWT) we conclude that the stability of the N\'eel ordered state depends on
the microscopic details of the model. Third, the considered models also can be
regarded as effective models for a spin system with spin-phonon coupling. This
leads to the question if a spin-Peierls transition, i.e. a gain of total energy
due to lattice distortion, is possible. LSWT shows that such a transition is
possible under certain conditions leading to a coexistence of long-range order
and spin-Peierls dimerization. We also find that the gain of magnetic energy is
largest for a stair-like distortion of the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85988 </DOCNO>
On the derivation of the spacetime metric from linear electrodynamics


  In the framework of metric-free electrodynamics, we start with a {\em linear}
spacetime relation between the excitation 2-form $H = ({\cal D}, {\cal H})$ and
the field strength 2-form $F = ({E,B})$. This linear relation is constrained by
the so-called closure relation. We solve this system algebraically and extend a
previous analysis such as to include also singular solutions. Using the
recently derived fourth order {\em Fresnel} equation describing the propagation
of electromagnetic waves in a general {\em linear} medium, we find that for all
solutions the fourth order surface reduces to a light cone. Therefrom we derive
the corresponding metric up to a conformal factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149145 </DOCNO>
D-branes in some near-horizon geometries


  I review some properties of D-branes in the SU(2) and SL(2,R) WZW models. I
comment on a potential difficulty for the realization of `warped brane worlds'
in string theory. This short note is based on a talk given at the Strings'01
conference in Mumbay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1511 </DOCNO>
Comment on paper "Extremely Low Frequency Plasmons in Metallic


  A first-principle theory for the effective dielectric permittivity in
metallic mesostructures is developed. This theory, in particular, takes into
account the skin effect, which is important in practical applications of metal
structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96253 </DOCNO>
A Torsion-Free Milnor-Moore Theorem


  Let \Omega X be the space of Moore loops on a finite, q-connected,
n-dimensional CW complex X, and let R be a subring of Q containing 1/2. Let
p(R) be the least non-invertible prime in R. For a graded R-module M of finite
type, let FM = M / Torsion M. We show that the inclusion of the sub-Lie algebra
P of primitive elements of FH_*(\Omega X;R) induces an isomorphism of Hopf
algebras UP = FH_*(\Omega X;R), provided p(R) > n/q - 1. Furthermore, the
Hurewicz homomorphism induces an embedding of F(\pi_*(\Omega X)\otimes R) in P,
with torsion cokernel. As a corollary, if X is elliptic, then FH_*(\Omega X;R)
is a finitely-generated R-algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86570 </DOCNO>
Exact Bianchi Identity in Regge Gravity


  In the continuum the Bianchi identity implies a relationship between
different components of the curvature tensor, thus ensuring the internal
consistency of the gravitational field equations. In this paper an exact form
for the Bianchi identity in Regge's discrete formulation of gravity is derived,
by considering appropriate products of rotation matrices constructed around
null-homotopic paths. It implies an algebraic relationship between deficit
angles belonging to neighboring hinges. As in the continuum, the derived
identity is valid for arbitrarily curved manifolds, without a restriction to
the weak field, small curvature limit, but is in general not linear in the
curvatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5379 </DOCNO>
Dissipative maps at the chaos threshold: Numerical results for the


  We numerically study, at the edge of chaos, the behaviour of the sibgle-site
map $x_{t+1}=x_t-x_t/(x_t^2+\gamma^2)$, where $\gamma$ is the map parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74266 </DOCNO>
Basic Structure in Hadrons


  We have calculated the Structure function a constituent quark in the NLO and
from it we have derived the structure functions of hadrons. We found that
perturbative generation of hadron structure falls short of conforming with data
by a few percent. This is due to the presence of soft gluon and its radiation
in the hadron. This contribution is modeled into our calculations. It is also
responsible for the breaking of flavor symmetry in the nucleon sea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124371 </DOCNO>
FIRBACK: III. Catalog, Source counts, and cosmological implications of


  The FIRBACK (Far Infrared BACKground) survey is one of the deepest imaging
surveys carried out at 170 microns with ISOPHOT onboard ISO, and is aimed at
the study of the structure of the Cosmic Far Infrared Background. This paper
provides the analysis of resolved sources. After a validated process of data
reduction and calibration, we perform intensive simulations to optimize the
source extraction, measure the confusion noise (sigma_c = 45 mJy), and give the
photometric and astrometric accuracies. 196 galaxies with flux S > 3 sigma_c
are detected in the area of 3.89 square degrees. Counts of sources with flux S
> 4 sigma_c present a steep slope of 3.3 +/- 0.6 on a differential "logN-logS"
plot between 180 and 500 mJy. As a consequence, the confusion level is high and
will impact dramatically on future IR deep surveys. This strong evolution,
compared with a slope of 2.5 from Euclidian geometry, is in line with models
implying a strongly evolving Luminous Infrared Galaxy population. The resolved
sources account for less than 10% of the Cosmic Infrared Background at 170
microns, which is expected to be resolved into sources in the 1 to 10 mJy
range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5453 </DOCNO>
Cavitation pressure in liquid helium


  Recent experiments have suggested that, at low enough temperature, the
homogeneous nucleation of bubbles occurs in liquid helium near the calculated
spinodal limit. This was done in pure superfluid helium 4 and in pure normal
liquid helium 3. However, in such experiments, where the negative pressure is
produced by focusing an acoustic wave in the bulk liquid, the local amplitude
of the instantaneous pressure or density is not directly measurable. In this
article, we present a series of measurements as a function of the static
pressure in the experimental cell. They allowed us to obtain an upper bound for
the cavitation pressure P_cav (at low temperature, P_cav < -2.4 bar in helium
3, P_cav < -8.0 bar in helium 4). From a more precise study of the acoustic
transducer characteristics, we also obtained a lower bound (at low temperature,
P_cav > -3.0 bar in helium 3, P_cav > - 10.4 bar in helium 4). In this article
we thus present quantitative evidence that cavitation occurs at low temperature
near the calculated spinodal limit (-3.1 bar in helium 3 and -9.5 bar in helium
4). Further information is also obtained on the comparison between the two
helium isotopes. We finally discuss the magnitude of nonlinear effects in the
focusing of a sound wave in liquid helium, where the pressure dependence of the
compressibility is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96130 </DOCNO>
Explicit modular towers


  We give a general recipe for explicitly constructing asymptotically optimal
towers of modular curves such as {X_0(l^n): n=1,2,3,...}. We illustrate the
method by giving equations for eight towers with various geometric features. We
conclude by observing that such towers are all of a specific recursive form,
and speculate that perhaps every tower of this form that attains the
Drinfeld-Vladut bound is modular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96328 </DOCNO>
Twisted Tomei manifolds and Toda lattices


  This paper begins with an observation that the isospectral leaves of the
signed Toda lattice as well as the Toda flow itself may be constructed from the
Tomei manifolds by cutting and pasting along certain chamber walls inside a
polytope. It is also observed through examples that although there is some
freedom in this procedure of cutting and pasting the manifold and the flow, the
choices that can be made are not arbitrary. We proceed to describe a procedure
that begins with an action of the Weyl group on a set of signs; it uses the
Convexity Theorem in \cite{BFR:90} and combines the resulting polytope with the
chosen Weyl group action to paste together a compact manifold. This manifold
which is obtained carries an action of the Weyl group and a Toda lattice flow
which is related to this action. This construction gives rise to a large family
of compact manifolds which is parametrized by twisted sign actions of the Weyl
group. For example, the trivial action gives rise to Tomei manifolds and the
standard action of the Weyl group on the connected components of a split Cartan
subgroup of a split semisimple real Lie group gives rise to the isospectral
leaves of the signed Toda lattice. This clarifies the connection between the
polytope in the Convexity Theorem and the topology of the compact smooth
manifolds arising from the isospectral leaves of a Toda flow. Furthermore, this
allows us to give a uniform treatment to two very different cases that have
been studied extensively in the literature producing new cases to look at.
Finally we describe the unstable manifolds of the Toda flow for these more
general manifolds and determine which of these give rise to cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125518 </DOCNO>
Metallicity distribution of halo stars and minor merger processes of the


  A possible relation between the high dispersion in metallicity of metal-poor
halo stars and the minor merger processes in the history of the Galaxy is
presented. The foreign populations of stars in the satellites through minor
merger processes, make considerable contributions to the Galactic halo,
therefore alter the intrinsic distribution of metallicities of the halo stars.
Our model reproduces the observed trends in the metallicity distribution of the
extremely metal-poor halo field stars in the Galaxy. Taken all the parameters
for our model, a density of $1.9\times 10^{-3}kpc^{-3}$ of extremely metal-poor
halo stars in $-5<[Fe/H]<-4$ is predicted, which explains why no such stars
have been observed so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1251 </DOCNO>
The Dependence of Tc on Hydrostatic Pressure in Superconducting MgB2


  The dependence of Tc on hydrostatic (He-gas) pressure has been determined to
0.7 GPa. We find that Tc decreases linearly and reversibly under pressure at
the rate dTc/dP = -1.11 +- 0.02 K/GPa. These studies were carried out on the
same sample used in earlier structural studies under He-gas pressure which
yielded the bulk modulus B = 147.2 +- 0.7 GPa. The value of the logarithmic
volume derivative of Tc is thus accurately determined, dlnTc/dlnV = +4.16 +-
0.08, allowing quantitative comparison with theory. The present results support
the emerging picture that MgB2 is a BCS superconductor with electron-phonon
pairing interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3466 </DOCNO>
Dynamics and Stability of Bose-Einstein Condensates: the Nonlinear


  The cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a lattice potential is used to
model a periodic dilute gas Bose-Einstein condensate. Both two- and
three-dimensional condensates are considered, for atomic species with either
repulsive or attractive interactions. A family of exact solutions and
corresponding potential is presented in terms of elliptic functions. The
dynamical stability of these exact solutions is examined using both analytical
and numerical methods. For condensates with repulsive atomic interactions, all
stable, trivial-phase solutions are off-set from the zero level. For
condensates with attractive atomic interactions, no stable solutions are found,
in contrast to the one-dimensional case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113964 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous structure of the high-latitude ionosphere as observed at


  In March and August/September 1995, February 1996, and in March-April 1998,
observations of the inhomogeneous structure of the high-latitude ionosphere
were carried out at Norilsk (geomagnetic latitude and longitude are 64.2 N and
160.4 E, and L=5.2). Small-scale irregularities (with the lifetime of several
seconds,and the spatial scale less than 5-7 km), and medium-size wave
irregularities(with the period of 10-50 min, and the horizontal size of tens
and hundreds of kilometres) of the ionospheric F layer were investigated under
different geophysical conditions. A total of 300 hours of observations was
recorded, including 250 reflections from the F2 layer, and the other
reflections from the sporadic E layer.
    The diurnal variations of inhomogeneous structure parameters in March and
April is obtained. Dependence of some ionospheric irregularity parameters on
geomagnetic activity is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128285 </DOCNO>
Application of the DSMC method to astrophysical flows


  The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method, developed originally to
calculate rarefied gas dynamical problems, is applied to continuous flow
including shocks assuming that the Knudsen number is sufficiently small. In
particular, we study the formation of spiral shocks in the accretion disc of a
close binary system. The method involves viscosity and thermal conduction
automatically, and can thus simulate turbulent viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97170 </DOCNO>
Duality Chipped


  Whenever I is a projectively generated projectively defined sigma ideal on
the reals, if ZFC+large cardinals proves cov(I)=continuum then ZFC+large
cardinals proves non(I)<aleph four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73084 </DOCNO>
The CMSSM Parameter Space at Large tan beta


  We extend previous combinations of LEP and cosmological relic density
constraints on the parameter space of the constrained MSSM, with universal
input supersymmetry-breaking parameters, to large tan beta. We take account of
the possibility that the lightest Higgs boson might weigh about 115 GeV, but
also retain the possibility that it might be heavier. We include the most
recent implementation of the b to s gamma constraint at large tan beta. We
refine previous relic density calculations at large tan beta by combining a
careful treatment of the direct-channel Higgs poles in annihilation of pairs of
neutralinos chi with a complete treatment of chi - stau coannihilation, and
discuss carefully uncertainties associated with the mass of the b quark. We
find that coannihilation and pole annihilations allow the CMSSM to yield an
acceptable relic density at large tan beta, but it is consistent with all the
constraints only if m_chi > 140 (180) GeV for mu > 0 (mu < 0) for our default
choices m_b(m_b) = 4.25 GeV, m_t = 175 GeV, and A_0 = 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179710 </DOCNO>
The alpha-particle based on modern nuclear forces


  The Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations for the alpha-particle are solved. Accurate
results are obtained for several modern NN interaction models, which include
charge-symmetry breaking effects in the NN force, nucleon mass dependences as
well as the Coulomb interaction. These models are augmented by three-nucleon
forces of different types and adjusted to the 3N binding energy. Our results
are close to the experimental binding energy with a slight overbinding. Thus
there is only little room left for the contribution of possible 4N interactions
to the alpha-particle binding energy. We also discuss model dependences of the
binding energies and the wave functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7362 </DOCNO>
Conformal Field Theory Interpretation of Black Hole Quasi-normal Modes


  We obtain exact expressions for the quasi-normal modes of various spin for
the BTZ black hole. These modes determine the relaxation time of black hole
perturbations. Exact agreement is found between the quasi-normal frequencies
and the location of the poles of the retarded correlation function of the
corresponding perturbations in the dual conformal field theory. This then
provides a new quantitative test of the AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76570 </DOCNO>
Dipole-proton $S$-matrix derived from diffractive meson


  Through a determination of the $S$-matrix element for the scattering of a
localized colour dipole on a proton, we show that saturation effects can
already be sizable at HERA. The saturation scale is found to be around 1-1.5
$GeV^2$ for the highest available energies and for central collisions, and is a
decreasing function of the impact parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40844 </DOCNO>
Searches at HERA for Squarks in R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry


  A search for squarks in R-parity violating supersymmetry is performed in e^+p
collisions at HERA at a centre of mass energy of 300 GeV, using H1 data
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb^(-1). The direct production
of single squarks of any generation in positron-quark fusion via a Yukawa
coupling lambda' is considered, taking into account R-parity violating and
conserving decays of the squarks. No significant deviation from the Standard
Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted in terms of constraints
within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the constrained MSSM
and the minimal Supergravity model, and their sensitivity to the model
parameters is studied in detail. For a Yukawa coupling of electromagnetic
strength, squark masses below 260 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level in a
large part of the parameter space. For a 100 times smaller coupling strength
masses up to 182 GeV are excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4696 </DOCNO>
"Supersolid" self-bound Bose condensates via laser-induced interatomic


  We show that the dipole-dipole interatomic forces induced by a single
off-resonant running laser beam can lead to a self-bound pencil-shaped Bose
condensate, even if the laser beam is a plane-wave. For an appropriate laser
intensity the ground state has a quasi-one dimensional density modulation --- a
Bose "supersolid".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7081 </DOCNO>
Superconducting energy gap distribution in c-axis oriented MgB$_2$ thin


  We have analyzed about 100 voltage-dependent differential resistance dV/dI(V)
curves of metallic point contacts between c-axis oriented MgB$_2$ thin film and
Ag, which exhibit clear Andreev reflection features connected with the
superconducting gap. About one half of the curves show the presence of a second
larger gap. The histogram of the double-gap distribution reveals distinct
maxima at 2.4 and 7 meV, while curves with a single-gap features result in more
broad maximum at 3.5 meV. The double-gap distribution is in qualitative
agreement with the distribution of gap values over the Fermi surface calculated
by H. J. Choi et al. (cond-mat/0111183). The data unequivocally show the
presence of two gaps $\Delta_{S}=2.45\pm 0.15$ meV and $\Delta_{L}=7.0\pm 0.45$
meV in MgB$_2$ with gap ratio $2.85\pm 0.15$. Our observations prove further a
widely discussed multi-gap scenario for MgB$_2$, where two distinct gaps are
seen in the clean limit, while a single averaged gap is present in the dirty
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179317 </DOCNO>
Isospin Breaking in Neutron $\beta$-decay and SU(3) Violation in


  Present precision measurements of the neutron life time lead to a CKM matrix
element $|V_{ud}|$ which is three standard deviations off the value inferred
from heavy quark decays etc. We investigate the possibility whether
isospin-breaking effects in the neutron-to-proton vector current transition
matrix element $< p|V^+_0|n >=1+\delta g_V$ could eventually close this gap.
For that we calculate in chiral perturbation theory the effect of pion and kaon
loops on the matrix element $< p|V^+_0|n >$ taking into account the mass
differences of the charged and neutral mesons. We find a negligibly small
isospin-breaking effect of $\delta g_V \simeq -4 \cdot 10^{-5}$. The crucial
quantity in the analysis of neutron beta-decay precision measurements is thus
the radiative correction term $\Delta_R$. Furthermore, we calculate in heavy
baryon chiral perturbation theory the SU(3) breaking effects on the vector
transition charges of weak semi-leptonic hyperon decays. We find for these
quantities channel-dependent relative deviations from the SU(3) limit which
range from -10% to $+1%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75147 </DOCNO>
On the stability of nontopological solitons in supersymmetric extensions


  In various supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model there appear
non-topological solitons due to the existence of U(1) global symmetries
associated with Baryon and/or Lepton quantum numbers. Trilinear couplings
(A-terms) in the scalar potential break explicitly the U(1) invariance. We
investigate numerically the stability of these objects in the case that this
breaking is small. We find that stable configurations, oscillating though, can
still appear. Other relevant properties are also examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123755 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric reflection during an anomalous low-state of Hercules X-1


  We present RXTE observations of the eclipsing X-ray binary Hercules X-1
conducted during an anomalous low state. Data reduction reveals a light curve
over 2.7 orbital cycles remarkably similar to optical and UV light curves which
are dominated by the companion star. Count rates are modulated close to the
orbital period, attaining a maximum when the inner face of the companion star,
irradiated by X-rays from the compact source, is most-visible. Cold reflection
provides an acceptable fit to the energy spectrum. Employing binary geometry to
scale the model and assuming companion star reflection, we are able to
reconstruct the incident X-rays which are removed from our direct line-of-sight
(presumably by the accretion disk). We find the flux of the hidden source to be
identical to the observed flux of Her X-1 at the peak of its main-high state.
Consequently, Her X-1 is emitting a reflected spectrum, largely uncontaminated
by direct X-rays in the anomalous low-state. The spectral energy distribution,
period, amplitude and phasing of the modulation are all consistent with a
companion star origin. Since this source occurs in a well-understood binary
environment, it provides an excellent case study for more sensitive experiments
in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128205 </DOCNO>
Did VV~29 collide with a dark Dark-Matter halo?


  Westerbork Radio Synthesis Telescope observation of the galaxy
VV29=Arp188=UGC10214 shows that there are at least three distinct dynamical
components whose kinematics can be traced in 21cm line emission. The system
appears to be the result of a galaxy-galaxy interaction. We identify a
sufficient number of dynamical elements containing baryons (stars and neutral
gas) that there is no compelling reason to postulate the presence of an
additional dark matter halo that is devoid of detectable baryons. The central
galaxy VV29a is massive (V_rot = 330 km/s) and gas rich (M_HI} = 6x10^9
Msolar). The distinctive optical plume (VV29b), which extends eastward from the
main galaxy, is also gas rich (M_HI = 3x10^9 Msolar) and has a very low
gradient in line of sight velocity (<30 km/s) over 70kpc. On the western side,
there is an HI feature of M_HI = 4x10^8 Msolar that participates strongly in
orbital motion about the host in the same sense of rotation as the VV29a
itself. A blue, less massive, gas-rich galaxy "VV29c" (M_HI = 9x10^8 Msolar)
appears clearly in the HI maps as an 170 km/s wide spectral feature, seen in
projection against or, more likely, behind the west side of the host disk. Its
high recessional velocity is counter to the host rotation direction. The
optical images of Trentham et al (2001) show signs of this blue dwarf against
the redder VV29a disk. The companion galaxy CGCG27-021=MGC09-26-54 (at
projected distance 115 kpc) is not detected in 21cm line emission
(M_HI<10^9Msolar).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5098 </DOCNO>
Power-Law Scaling for Communication Networks with Transmission Errors


  A generic communication model of a boolean network with transmission errors
is proposed to explore the power-law scaling of states' evolution in
small-world networks. In the model, the power spectrum of the population
difference between agents with "1" and "-1" exhibits a power-law tail:
$P(f)\sim f^{-\alpha}$. The exponent $\alpha$ does not depend explicitly on the
error rate but on the structure of the networks. Error rate enters only into
the frequency scales and thus governs the frequency range over which these
power laws can be observed. On the other hand, the exponent $\alpha$ reveals
the intricate internal structure of networks and can serve as a structure
factor to classify complex networks. The finite transmission error is shown to
provide a mechanism for the common occurrence of the power-law relation in
complex systems, such as financial markets and opinion formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2589 </DOCNO>
Carnot cycle for an oscillator


  Carnot established in 1824 that the efficiency of cyclic engines operating
between a hot bath at absolute temperature $T_{hot}$ and a bath at a lower
temperature $T_{cold}$ cannot exceed $1-T_{cold}/T_{hot}$. We show that linear
oscillators alternately in contact with hot and cold baths obey this principle
in the quantum as well as in the classical regime. The expression of the work
performed is derived from a simple prescription. Reversible and non-reversible
cycles are illustrated. The paper begins with historical considerations and is
essentially self-contained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179671 </DOCNO>
Selected aspects of the classical molecular dynamics of N bodies in


  Selected results of a classical simulation of N bodies in strong interaction
are presented. The static properties of such classical systems are
qualitatively similar to the known properties of atomic nuclei. The simulations
of collisions show that all observed reaction mechanisms in nucleus-nucleus
collisions are present in this numerical simulation. The first studies of such
collisions are in qualitative agreement with experimental observations. This
simulation could shed a new light on energy deposit in heavy ion collisions:
the excitation energy of each cluster is found lower than the energy of the
less bound body in the cluster. Finally, the similarities of fragmentation
pattern with those obtained with a statistical code indicate that an
unambiguous link can be established between the statistical and the dynamical
descriptions of reaction mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4408 </DOCNO>
Unusual Field-Dependence of the Intragrain Superconductive Transition in


  A narrow intragrain phase-lock transition was observed in RuSr2EuCu2O8 under
a magnetic field H up to a few Tesla. The corresponding transition temperature,
T2, decreases rapidly (about 100 K/T at low fields) with H indicating that the
grains of RuSr2EuCu2O8 behave like a Josephson-junction-array instead of a
homogeneous bulk superconductor. Our data suggest that the bulk superconducting
transition may occur on a length scale well below the grain size of 2 to 6
micrometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113374 </DOCNO>
Density Functional Theory Studies of Magnetically Confined Fermi Gas


  A theory is developed for magnetically confined Fermi gas at low temperature
based on the density functional theory. The theory is illustrated by numerical
calculation of density distributions of Fermi atoms $^{40}$K with parameters
according to DeMarco and Jin's experiment[Science, 285(1999)1703]. Our results
are in good agreement with the experiment. To check the theory, we also
performed calculations using our theory at high temperature and compared very
well to the result of classical limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 730 </DOCNO>
Strain driven charge-ordered state in La$_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_3$


  We present evidence for the coexistence of ferromagnetic metallic and charge
ordered insulating phases in strained thin films of
La$_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_3$ at low temperatures. Such a phase separated state
is confirmed using low temperature magnetic force microscopy and
magnetotransport measurements. This phase separated state is not observed in
the bulk form of this compound and is caused by the structural inhomogeneities
due to the non-uniform distribution of strain in the film. The strain weakens
the low temperature ferromagnetic metallic state and a charge ordered insulator
is formed at the high strain regions. The slow dynamics of the transport
properties of the mixed phase is illustrated by measurements of the long time
scale relaxation of the electrical resistance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3525 </DOCNO>
Suppression of surface barrier in superconductors by columnar defects


  We investigate the influence of columnar defects in layered superconductors
on the thermally activated penetration of pancake vortices through the surface
barrier. Columnar defects, located near the surface, facilitate penetration of
vortices through the surface barrier, by creating ``weak spots'', through which
pancakes can penetrate into the superconductor. Penetration of a pancake
mediated by an isolated column, located near the surface, is a two-stage
process involving hopping from the surface to the column and the detachment
from the column into the bulk; each stage is controlled by its own activation
barrier. The resulting effective energy is equal to the maximum of those two
barriers. For a given external field there exists an optimum location of the
column for which the barriers for the both processes are equal and the
reduction of the effective penetration barrier is maximal. At high fields the
effective penetration field is approximately two times smaller than in
unirradiated samples. We also estimate the suppression of the effective
penetration field by column clusters. This mechanism provides further reduction
of the penetration field at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168222 </DOCNO>
High-precision evaluation of the Vibrational spectra of long-range


  Vibrational spectra of long-range molecules are determined accurately and to
arbitrary accuracy with the Canonical Function Method. The energy levels of the
$0^-_g$ and $1_u$ electronic states of the $^{23}{\rm Na}_2$ molecule are
determined from the Ground state up to the continuum limit. The method is
validated by comparison with previous results obtained by Stwalley et al. using
the same potential and Trost et al. whose work is based on the Lennard-Jones
potential adapted to long-range molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126921 </DOCNO>
GRB 990704: the most X-ray rich BeppoSAX gamma-ray burst


  We present the X- and $\gamma$-ray detection of GRB 990704 and the discovery
and study of its X-ray afterglow, 1SAX J1219.5-0350. Two pointed BeppoSAX
observations with the narrow field instruments were performed on this source,
separated in time by one week. The decay of the X-ray flux within the first
observation appears unusually slow, being best-fit by a power law with negative
index 0.83$\pm$0.16. Such a slow decay is consistent with the non-detection in
our second observation, but its back-extrapolation to the time of the GRB
largely underestimates the detected GRB X-ray prompt emission. In addition, the
GRB prompt event shows, among the BeppoSAX-WFC detected sample, unprecedentedly
high ratios of X- and gamma-ray peak fluxes
(F$_{2-10 keV}$/F$_{40-700 keV}$$\sim$0.6, and
F$_{2-26 keV}$/F$_{40-700 keV}$$\sim$1.6) and fluences
(S$_{2-10 keV}$/S$_{40-700 keV}$$\sim$1.5 and
S$_{2-26 keV}$/S$_{40-700 keV}$$\sim$2.8), making it, among the BeppoSAX
arcminute-localized GRBs, the closest to the recently discovered class of Fast
X-ray Transients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168813 </DOCNO>
On the classical character of control fields in quantum information


  Control fields in quantum information processing are virtually always, almost
by definition, assumed to be classical. In reality, however, when such a field
is used to manipulate the quantum state of qubits, the qubits never remain
completely unentangled with the field. For quantum information processing this
is an undesirable property, as it precludes perfect quantum computing and
quantum communication. Here we consider the interaction of atomic qubits with
laser fields and quantify atom-field entanglement in various cases of interest.
We find that the entanglement decreases with the average number of photons
$\bar{n}$ in a laser beam as $E\propto\log_2 \bar{n}/\bar{n}$ for
$\bar{n}\to\infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149221 </DOCNO>
*-Wars Episode I: The Phantom Anomaly


  As pointed out, chiral non-commutative theories exist, and examples can be
constructed via string theory. Gauge anomalies require the matter content of
individual gauge group factors, including U(1) factors, to be non-chiral. All
``bad'' mixed gauge anomalies, and also all ``good'' (e.g. for $\pi ^0\to
\gamma \gamma$) ABJ type flavor anomalies, automatically vanish in
non-commutative gauge theories. We interpret this as being analogous to string
theory, and an example of UV/IR mixing: non-commutative gauge theories
automatically contain ``closed string,'' Green-Schwarz fields, which cancel
these anomalies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179208 </DOCNO>
Quadrupole collectivity in Si isotopes around N=20


  The angular momentum projected Generator Coordinate Method using the
quadrupole moment as collective coordinate and the Gogny force as the effective
interaction is used to describe the properties of the ground state and
low-lying excited states of the neutron rich light nuclei 32,34,36Si. It is
found that the ground state of the nucleus 34Si is spherical. However, this is
not only due to the N=20 shell closure as the ground state of 34Si contains a
significant amount of the intruder f7/2 neutron orbital. On the other hand,
rather good agreement with experimental data for many observables is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1146 </DOCNO>
Andreev levels in a single-channel conductor


  We calculate the subgap density of states of a disordered single-channel
normal metal connected to a superconductor at one end (NS junction) or at both
ends (SNS junction). The probability distribution of the energy of a bound
state (Andreev level) is broadened by disorder. In the SNS case the two-fold
degeneracy of the Andreev levels is removed by disorder leading to a splitting
in addition to the broadening. The distribution of the splitting is given
precisely by Wigner's surmise from random-matrix theory. For strong disorder
the mean density of states is largely unaffected by the proximity to the
superconductor, because of localization, except in a narrow energy region near
the Fermi level, where the density of states is suppressed with a log-normal
tail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76510 </DOCNO>
Shadows of the Planck Scale: The Changing Face of Compactification


  By studying the effects of the shape moduli associated with toroidal
compactifications, we demonstrate that Planck-sized extra dimensions can cast
significant ``shadows'' over low-energy physics. These shadows can greatly
distort our perceptions of the compactification geometry associated with large
extra dimensions, and place a fundamental limit on our ability to probe the
geometry of compactification simply by measuring Kaluza-Klein states. We also
discuss the interpretation of compactification radii and hierarchies in the
context of geometries with non-trivial shape moduli. One of the main results of
this paper is that compactification geometry is effectively renormalized as a
function of energy scale, with ``renormalization group equations'' describing
the ``flow'' of geometric parameters such as compactification radii and shape
angles as functions of energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73613 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Delta Radiative and Dalitz Decays


  Phenomenological expressions are derived for rates of the $\Delta (1232)$
radiative and Dalitz decays, $\Delta (1232)$ $\to N\gamma$ and $\Delta (1232)$
$\to Ne^{+}e^{-}$. Earlier calculations of these decays are commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86554 </DOCNO>
On the Motion of Matter in Spacetime


  We argue that the geodesic hypothesis based on auto-parallels of the
Levi-Civita connection may need refinement in theories of gravity with
additional scalar fields. This argument is illustrated with a re-formulation of
the Brans-Dicke theory in terms of a spacetime connection with torsion
determined dynamically in terms of the gradient of the Brans-Dicke scalar
field. The perihelion shift in the orbit of Mercury is calculated on the
alternative hypothesis that its world-line is an auto-parallel of such a
connection. If scalar fields couple significantly to matter and spinless test
particles move on such world-lines, current time keeping methods based on the
conventional geodesic hypothesis may need refinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95483 </DOCNO>
The integrable multiboson systems and orthogonal polynomials


  The strict relation between some class of multiboson hamiltonian systems and
the corresponding class of orthogonal polynomials is established. The
correspondence is used effectively to integrate the systems. As an explicit
example we integrate the class of multiboson systems corresponding to q-Hahn
polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125718 </DOCNO>
The BL Lac heart of Centaurus A


  Emission from the nucleus of the closest radio galaxy, Centaurus A, is
observed from the radio to the gamma ray band. We build, for the first time,
its overall Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) that appears to be intriguingly
similar to those of blazars, showing two broad peaks located in the
far-infrared band and at ~0.1 MeV respectively. The whole nuclear emission of
Centaurus A is successfully reproduced with a synchrotron self-Compton model.
The estimated physical parameters of the emitting source are similar to those
of BL Lacs, except for a much smaller beaming factor, as qualitatively expected
when a relativistic jet is orientated at a large angle to the line of sight.
These results represent strong evidence that Centaurus A is indeed a
misoriented BL Lac and provide strong support in favour of the unification
scheme for low luminosity radio-loud AGNs. Modeling of the SED of Centaurus A
also provides further and independent indications of the presence of velocity
structures in sub-pc scale jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74024 </DOCNO>
Exotic Solutions to the Solar Neutrino Problem and Some Implications for


  In this talk, I review, from the phenomenological point of view, solutions to
the solar neutrino problem, which are not provided by the conventional neutrino
oscillation induced by mass and flavor mixing, and show that they can provide a
good fit to the observed data. I also consider some simple implications for low
energy solar neutrino experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73997 </DOCNO>
The lepton asymmetry: the last chance for a critical-density cosmology?


  We use a wide range of observations to constrain cosmological models
possessing a significant asymmetry in the lepton sector, which offer perhaps
the best chance of reconciling a critical-density Universe with current
observations. The simplest case, with massless neutrinos, fails to fit many
experimental data and does not lead to an acceptable model. If the neutrinos
have mass of order one electron-volt (which is favoured by some neutrino
observations), then models can be implemented which prove a good fit to
microwave anisotropies and large-scale structure data. However, taking into
account the latest microwave anisotropy results, especially those from
Boomerang, we show that the model can no longer accommodate the observed baryon
fraction in clusters. Together with the observed acceleration of the present
Universe, this puts considerable pressure on such critical-density models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4417 </DOCNO>
Polarizable particles aggregation under rotating magnetic fields using


  We used scattering dichroism to study the combined effects of viscous and
magnetic forces on the dynamics of dipolar chains induced in magnetorheological
suspensions under rotating magnetic fields. We found that the chains adjust
their size to rotate synchronously with the field but with a constant phase
lag. Two different behaviors for the dichroism (proportional to the total
number of aggregated particles) and the phase lag are found below or above a
critical frequency. We obtained a linear dependence of the critical frequency
with the square of the magnetization and with the inverse of the viscosity. The
Mason number (ratio of viscous to magnetic forces) governs the dynamics.
Therefore there is a critical Mason number below which, the dichroism remains
almost constant and above which, the rotation of the field prevents the
particle aggregation process from taken place being this the mechanism
responsible for the decrease of dichroism. Our experimental results have been
corroborated with particle dynamics simulations showing good agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86132 </DOCNO>
Is the active gravitational mass of a charged body distance-dependent?


  It appears to follow from the Reissner-Nordstrom solution of Einstein's
equations that the charge of a body reduces its gravitational field. In a
recent note Hushwater offered an explanation of this apparent paradox. His
explanation, however, raises more questions than solves since it implies that
the active gravitational mass of a charged body is distance-dependent and
therefore is not equal to its inertial mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4889 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of the Cu(2) NQR Line Width in


  Systematic measurements of the $^{63}$Cu(2) NQR line width were performed in
underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-y}$ samples over the temperature range 4.2 K
$<T<300$ K. It was shown that the copper NQR line width monotonically increases
upon lowering temperature in the below-critical region, resembling temperature
behavior of the superconducting gap. The observed dependence is explained by
the fact that the energy of a condensate of sliding charge-current states of
the charge-density-wave type depends on the phase of order parameter.
Calculations show that this dependence appears only at $T<T_c$. Quantitative
estimates of the line broadening at $T<T_c$ agree with the measurement results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113412 </DOCNO>
Structure and Magnetism of Neutral and Anionic Palladium Clusters


  The properties of neutral and anionic Pd_N clusters were investigated with
spin-density-functional calculations. The ground state structures are
three-dimensional for N>3 and they are magnetic with a spin-triplet for 2<=N<=7
and a spin nonet for N=13 neutral clusters. Structural- and spin-isomers were
determined and an anomalous increase of the magnetic moment with temperature is
predicted for a Pd_7 ensemble. Vertical electron detachment and ionization
energies were calculated and the former agree well with measured values for
anionic Pd_N clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97811 </DOCNO>
Applications of Perron-Frobenius Theory to Population Dynamics


  By the use of Perron-Frobenius theory, simple proofs are given of the
Fundamental Theorem of Demography and of a theorem of Cushing and Yicang on the
net reproductive rate occurring in matrix models of population dynamics. The
latter result is further refined with some additional nonnegative matrix
theory. When the fertility matrix is scaled by the net reproductive rate, the
growth rate of the model is 1. More generally, we show how to achieve a given
growth rate for the model by scaling the fertility matrix. Demographic
interpretations of the results are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72350 </DOCNO>
Future directions in astroparticle physics and the AUGER experiment


  The observation of cosmic ray particles with unexpected high energies is
pushing astroparticle physics into a period of rapid progress both
theoretically and experimentally. Different proposed models for the generation
of these particles are constrained by the absence of the predicted GZK cutoff
in the cosmic ray spectrum and by the composition and the distribution of
arrival directions observed. The database increase due to the Pierre Auger
Observatory will provide a clearer picture of the spectral anisotropy and
properties of such high energy particles, enabling tests of their origin and
nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4066 </DOCNO>
Modeling Elasticity in Crystal Growth


  A new model of crystal growth is presented that describes the phenomena on
atomic length and diffusive time scales. The former incorporates elastic and
plastic deformation in a natural manner, and the latter enables access to times
scales much larger than conventional atomic methods. The model is shown to be
consistent with the predictions of Read and Shockley for grain boundary energy,
and Matthews and Blakeslee for misfit dislocations in epitaxial growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 68 </DOCNO>
Finite-size scaling for the Ising model on the Moebius strip and the


  We study the finite-size scaling properties of the Ising model on the Moebius
strip and the Klein bottle. The results are compared with those of the Ising
model under different boundary conditions, that is, the free, cylindrical, and
toroidal boundary conditions. The difference in the magnetization distribution
function $p(m)$ for various boundary conditions is discussed in terms of the
number of the percolating clusters and the cluster size. We also find
interesting aspect-ratio dependence of the value of the Binder parameter at
$T=T_c$ for various boundary conditions. We discuss the relation to the
finite-size correction calculations for the dimer statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5502 </DOCNO>
Microwave Power, DC Magnetic Field, Frequency and Temperature Dependence


  The microwave power, dc magnetic field, frequency and temperature dependence
of the surface resistance of MgB2 films and powder samples were studied. Sample
quality is relatively easy to identify by a number of characteristics, the most
clear being the breakdown in the omega squared law for poor quality samples.
Analysis of the experimental data suggests the most attractive procedure for
high quality film growth for technical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125189 </DOCNO>
Luminosities of Disk--accreting Non--magnetic Neutron Stars


  Disk accretion onto a neutron star possessing a weak surface magnetic field
($B \le 10^8$ G) provides interesting X-ray emission scenarios, and is relevant
for understanding X-ray bursters and low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). The
standard (Newtonian) theory of disk-accretion predicts that the matter
spiralling in from infinity loses one-half of its total gravitational energy in
the extended disk, and the remainder in a narrow boundary layer girdling the
neutron star. The ratio of the boundary layer luminosity to that from the disk
($E_{\rm BL}/E_{\rm D}$) is, therefore, unity. On incorporation of general
relativity without rotation (Schwarzschild solution), $E_{\rm BL}/E_{\rm D}$ is
seen to be as high as 6. We construct rotating sequences of neutron stars for
three representative equations of state. We show here that for a neutron star
rotating at a limit where centrifugal force balances the inward gravitational
force, $E_{\rm BL}/E_{\rm D}\sim 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 25 </DOCNO>
Random field Ising systems on a general hierarchical lattice: Rigorous


  Random Ising systems on a general hierarchical lattice with both, random
fields and random bonds, are considered. Rigorous inequalities between
eigenvalues of the Jacobian renormalization matrix at the pure fixed point are
obtained. These inequalities lead to upper bounds on the crossover exponents
$\{\phi_i\}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72694 </DOCNO>
Anomaly, Charge Quantization and Family


  We first review the three known chiral anomalies in four dimensions and then
use the anomaly free conditions to study the uniqueness of quark and lepton
representations and charge quantizations in the standard model. We also extend
our results to theory with an arbitrary number of color. Finally, we discuss
the family problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97928 </DOCNO>
Lagrangian, Hamiltonian and other Structures for the Heat Equation and


  In this work, we construct the general solution to the Heat Equation (HE) and
to many tensor structures associated to the Heat Equation, such as Symmetries,
Lagrangians, Poisson Brackets (PB) and Lagrange Brackets, using newly devised
techniques that may be applied to any linear equation (e.g., Schroedinger
Equation in field theory, or the small-oscillations problem in mechanics). In
particular, we improve a time-independent PB found recently which defines a
Hamiltonian Structure for the HE, and we construct an Action Principle for the
HE. We also find a new structure, which we call a Metric Structure, which may
be used to define alternative anti-commutative "Hamiltonian" theories, in which
the Metric- or M-Hamiltonians have to be explicitly time-dependent. Finally, we
map some of these results to the Potential Burgers Equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126437 </DOCNO>
MSX, 2MASS, and the LMC: A Combined Near and Mid Infrared View


  The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has been observed by both the Midcourse
Space Experiment (MSX) in the mid-infrared and the Two Micron All Sky Survey
(2MASS) in the near-infrared. We have performed a cross-correlation of the 1806
MSX catalog sources and nearly 1.4 million 2MASS catalogued point and extended
sources and find 1664 matches. Using the available color information, we
identify a number of stellar populations and nebulae, including main sequence
stars, giant stars, red supergiants, carbon- and oxygen-rich asymptotic giant
branch (AGB) stars, planetary nebulae, H II regions, and other dusty objects
likely associated with early-type stars. 731 of these sources have no previous
identification. We compile a listing of all objects, which includes photometry
and astrometry. The 8.3 micron MSX sensitivity is the limiting factor for
object detection: only the brighter red objects, specifically the red
supergiants, AGB stars, planetary nebulae and HII regions, are detected in the
LMC. The remaining objects are likely in the Galactic foreground. The spatial
distribution of the infrared LMC sources may contribute to understanding
stellar formation and evolution and the overall galactic evolution. We
demonstrate that a combined mid- and near-infrared photometric baseline
provides a powerful means of identifying new objects in the LMC for future
ground-based and space-based follow-up observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179278 </DOCNO>
Ground state particle-particle correlations and double beta decay


  A self-consistent formalism for the double beta decay of Fermi type is
provided. The particle-particle channel of the two-body interaction is
considered first in the mean field equations and then in the QRPA. The
resulting approach is called the QRPA with a self-consistent mean field
(QRPASMF). The mode provided by QRPASMF, does not collapse for any strength of
the particle-particle interaction. The transition amplitude for double beta
decay is almost insensitive to the variation of the particle-particle
interaction. Comparing it with the result of the standard pnQRPA, it is smaller
by a factor 6. The prediction for transition amplitude agrees quite well with
the exact result. The present approach is the only one which produces a strong
decrease of the amplitude and at the same time does not alter the stability of
the ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72511 </DOCNO>
The Generalized Gell-Mann--Low Theorem for Relativistic Bound States


  The recently established generalized Gell-Mann--Low theorem is applied in
lowest perturbative order to bound-state calculations in a simple scalar field
theory with cubic couplings. The approach via the generalized Gell-Mann--Low
Theorem retains, while being fully relativistic, many of the desirable features
of the quantum mechanical approaches to bound states. In particular, no
abnormal or unphysical solutions are found in the model under consideration.
Both the non-relativistic and one-body limits are straightforward and
consistent. The results for the spectrum are compared to those of the
Bethe-Salpeter equation (in the ladder approximation) and related equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4600 </DOCNO>
The effect of disorder on the fracture nucleation process


  The statistical properties of failure are studied in a fiber bundle model
with thermal noise. We show that the macroscopic failure is produced by a
thermal activation of microcracks. Most importantly the effective temperature
of the system is amplified by the spatial disorder (heterogeneity) of the fiber
bundle. The case of a time dependent force and the validity of the Kaiser
effects are also discussed. These results can give more insight to the recent
experimental observations on thermally activated crack and can be useful to
study the failure of electrical networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179165 </DOCNO>
Elastic electron-deuteron scattering in chiral effective field theory


  We calculate elastic electron-deuteron scattering in a chiral effective field
theory approach for few-nucleon systems based on a modified Weinberg power
counting. We construct the current operators and the deuteron wave function at
next-to-leading (NLO) and next-to-next-to-leading (NNLO) order simultaneously
within a projection formalism. The leading order comprises the impulse
approximation of photons coupling to point-like nucleons with an anomalous
magnetic moment. At NLO, we include renormalizations of the single nucleon
operators. To this order, no unknown parameters enter. At NNLO, one
four-nucleon-photon operator appears. Its strength can be determined from the
deuteron magnetic moment. We obtain not only a satisfactory description of the
deuteron structure functions and form factors measured in electron-deuteron
scattering but also find a good convergence for these observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6163 </DOCNO>
On the velocity distributions of the one-dimensional inelastic gas


  We consider the single-particle velocity distribution of a one-dimensional
fluid of inelastic particles. Both the freely evolving (cooling) system and the
non-equilibrium stationary state obtained in the presence of random forcing are
investigated, and special emphasis is paid to the small inelasticity limit. The
results are obtained from analytical arguments applied to the Boltzmann
equation along with three complementary numerical techniques (Molecular
Dynamics, Direct Monte Carlo Simulation Methods and iterative solutions of
integro-differential kinetic equations). For the freely cooling fluid, we
investigate in detail the scaling properties of the bimodal velocity
distribution emerging close to elasticity and calculate the scaling function
associated with the distribution function. In the heated steady state, we find
that, depending on the inelasticity, the distribution function may display two
different stretched exponential tails at large velocities. The inelasticity
dependence of the crossover velocity is determined and it is found that the
extremely high velocity tail may not be observable at ``experimentally
relevant'' inelasticities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6430 </DOCNO>
Spectral properties of the Holstein double-exchange model and


  Calculations of one-electron spectral functions, optical conductivity and
spin-wave energy in the Holstein double-exchange model are made using the
many-body coherent potential approximation. Satisfactory agreement is obtained
with angle-resolved photoemission results on La_1.2Sr_1.8Mn_2O_7 and optical
measurements on Nd_0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3. A pseudogap in the one-electron spectrum at
the Fermi level plays an important role in both systems, but a small-polaron
band is only predicted to exist in the La system. A rigorous upper bound on
spin-wave energies at T=0 is derived. The spin-wave stiffness constant D
decreases with increasing electron-phonon coupling g in a similar way to the
Curie temperature Tc, but D/(k_B Tc) increases for large g (low Tc) as observed
experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2116 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Blockade and Insulator-to-Metal Quantum Phase Transition


  We analyze an interplay between Coulomb blockade and quantum fluctuations in
a coherent conductor (with dimensionless conductance $g \gtrsim 1$) attached to
an Ohmic shunt. We demonstrate that at T=0 the system can be either an
insulator or a metal depending on whether its total resistance is larger or
smaller than $h/e^2\approx 25.8$ k$\Omega$. In a metallic phase the Coulomb gap
is fully suppressed by quantum fluctuations. We briefly discuss possible
relation of this effect to recent experiments indicating the presence of a
metal-insulator phase transition in 2d disordered systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124084 </DOCNO>
The angular diameter and distance of the Cepheid Zeta Geminorum


  Cepheids are the primary distance indicators for extragalactic astronomy and
therefore are of very high astrophysical interest. Unfortunately, they are rare
stars, situated very far from Earth.Though they are supergiants, their typical
angular diameter is only a few milliarcseconds, making them very challenging
targets even for long-baseline interferometers. We report observations that
were obtained in the K prime band (2-2.3 microns), on the Cepheid Zeta
Geminorum with the FLUOR beam combiner, installed at the IOTA interferometer.
The mean uniform disk angular diameter was measured to be 1.64 +0.14 -0.16 mas.
Pulsational variations are not detected at a significant statistical level, but
future observations with longer baselines should allow a much better estimation
of their amplitude. The distance to Zeta Gem is evaluated using Baade-Wesselink
diameter determinations, giving a distance of 502 +/- 88 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6417 </DOCNO>
Incommensurate Charge Density Waves in the adiabatic Hubbard-Holstein


  The adiabatic, Holstein-Hubbard model describes electrons on a chain with
step $a$ interacting with themselves (with coupling $U$) and with a classical
phonon field $\f_x$ (with coupling $\l$). There is Peierls instability if the
electronic ground state energy $F(\f)$ as a functional of $\f_x$ has a minimum
which corresponds to a periodic function with period ${\pi\over p_F}$, where
$p_F$ is the Fermi momentum. We consider ${p_F\over\pi a}$ irrational so that
the CDW is {\it incommensurate} with the chain. We prove in a rigorous way in
the spinless case, when $\l,U$ are small and ${U\over\l}$ large, that a)when
the electronic interaction is attractive $U<0$ there is no Peierls instability
b)when the interaction is repulsive $U>0$ there is Peierls instability in the
sense that our convergent expansion for $F(\f)$, truncated at the second order,
has a minimum which corresponds to an analytical and ${\pi\over p_F}$ periodic
$\f_x$. Such a minimum is found solving an infinite set of coupled
self-consistent equations, one for each of the infinite Fourier modes of
$\f_x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128210 </DOCNO>
The z ~ 1.2 Galaxy Luminosity Function from The LCIR Survey


  We present results from the Las Campanas Infrared Survey, designed to
identify a statistically significant sample of z>=1 galaxies using photometric
redshift techniques. Here we summarize the design and strategies of the survey
and present the first estimate of the galaxy luminosity function at z>=1 based
on H-band selected galaxies identified in our survey. Results of number count
studies and luminosity function measurements indicate that most early-type
galaxies were already in place by z~1.2 with a modest space density evolution
and a mild luminosity evolution over that expected from passive evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128871 </DOCNO>
On the Possibility of Observing the Double Emission Line Feature of


  We study the prospects for observing H$_2$ and HD emission during the
assembly of primordial molecular cloud cores. The primordial molecular cloud
cores, which resemble those at the present epoch, can emerge around $1+z \sim
20$ according to recent numerical simulations. A core typically contracts to
form the first generation of stars and the contracting core emits H$_2$ and HD
line radiation. These lines show a double peak feature. The higher peak is the
H$_2$ line of the $J=2-0$ (v=0) rotational transition, and the lower peak is
the HD line of the $J=4-3$ (v=0) rotational transition. The ratio of the peaks
is about 50, this value characterising the emission from primordial galaxies.
The expected emission flux at the redshift of $1+z \sim 20$ (e.g. $\Omega_m =
0.3$ and $\Omega_\Lambda =0.7$), in the $J=2-0$ (v=0) line of H$_2$ occurs at a
rate $\sim 2 \times 10^{-7}$ Jy, and in the $J=4-3$ (v=0) line of HD at a rate
$\sim 4 \times 10^{-9}$ Jy. The former has a frequency of 5.33179$\times
10^{11}$ Hz and the latter is at 5.33388 $\times 10^{11}$Hz, respectively.
Since the frequency resolution of ALMA is about 40 kHz, the double peak is
resolvable. While an individual object is not observable even by ALMA, the
expected assembly of primordial star clusters on subgalactic scales can result
in fluxes at the 2000-50 $\mu$Jy level. These are marginally observable. The
first peak of H$_2$ is produced when the core gas cools due to HD cooling,
while the second peak of HD occurs because the medium maintains thermal balance
by H$_2$ cooling which must be enhanced by three-body reactions to form H$_2$
itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96462 </DOCNO>
Cluster algebras I: Foundations


  In an attempt to create an algebraic framework for dual canonical bases and
total positivity in semisimple groups, we initiate the study of a new class of
commutative algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125111 </DOCNO>
MHD instability in differentially rotating cylindric flows


  The possibility that the magnetic shear-flow instability (MRI, Balbus-Hawley
instability) might give rise to turbulence in a cylindric Couette flow is
investigated through numerical simulations. The study is linear and the fluid
flow is supposed to be incompressible and differentially rotating with a simple
velocity profile with $\Omega = a+b/R^2$. The simplicity of the model is
counterbalanced by the fact that the study is fully global in all three spatial
directions with boundaries on each side; finite diffusivities are also allowed.
The investigation is also carried out for several values of the azimuthal
wavenumber of the perturbations in order to analyse whether non-axisymmetric
modes might be preferred, which might produce, in a non-linear extension of the
study, a self-sustained magnetic field. 
  We find that with magnetic field the instability is easier to be excited than
without magnetic field. The critical Reynolds number for Pm$=1$ is of order 50
independent of whether the nonmagnetic flow is stable or not. Also we find that
i) the magnetic field strongly reduces the number of Taylor vortices, ii) the
angular momentum is transported outwards and iii) for finite c ylinders a netto
dynamo-alpha effect results which is negative for the upper part of the
cylinder and which is positive for the lower part of the cylinder. 
  For magnetic Prandtl number smaller than unity the critical Reynolds number
scales with Pm$^{-0.65}$. If this was true even for very small magnetic Prandtl
number (e.g. liquid sodium) the critical Reynolds number should reach the value
10$^5$ which is, however, also characteristic for nonlinear fi nite-amplitude
hydrodynamic Taylor-Couette turbulence -- so that we easily have to expect the
simultaneous existence of both sorts of instabi lities in cold accretion disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86338 </DOCNO>
Type II Fluid Solutions to Einstein Field Equations in N-Dimensional


  A large class of Type II fluid solutions to Einstein field equations in
N-dimensional spherical spacetimes is found, wich includes most of the known
solutions. A family of the generalized collapsing Vaidya solutions with
homothetic self-similarity, parametrized by a constant $\lambda$, is studied,
and found that when $\lambda$ $>$ $\lambda_c(N)$, the collapse always forms
black holes, and when $\lambda$ $<$ $\lambda_c(N)$, it always forms naked
singularities, where $\lambda_c(N)$ is function of the spacetime dimension N
only.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6076 </DOCNO>
Delocalization in Coupled Luttinger Liquids with Impurities


  We study effects of quenched disorder on coupled two-dimensional arrays of
Luttinger liquids (LL) as a model for stripes in high-T_c compounds. In the
framework of a renormalization-group analysis, we find that weak inter-LL
charge-density-wave couplings are always irrelevant as opposed to the pure
system. By varying either disorder strength, intra- or inter-LL interactions,
the system can undergo a delocalization transition between an insulator and a
novel strongly anisotropic metallic state with LL-like transport. This state is
characterized by short-ranged charge-density-wave order, the superconducting
order is quasi long-ranged along the stripes and short-ranged in the
transversal direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126149 </DOCNO>
Chandra Limits on X-ray Emission Associated with the Supermassive Black


  Elliptical galaxy nuclei are the sites of the largest black holes known, but
typically show little or no nuclear activity. We investigate this extreme
quiescence using Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of the giant elliptical
galaxies NGC 1399, NGC 4472, and NGC 4636. The unique Chandra imaging power
enables us to place upper limits of 7.3, 15 and 28 X 10^-9 the Eddington
luminosity for the 0.1-1 billion solar mass black holes in NGC 1399, NGC 4472,
and NGC 4636, respectively. The corresponding radiative efficiencies in this
band are 4.1, 24, and 620 X 10^-6 using Bondi accretion rates derived from the
Chandra hot interstellar gas surface brightness profiles. These limits are
inconsistent with basic advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) models for
NGC 1399 and NGC 4472, indicating accretion onto the black hole at 10% of the
Bondi rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75758 </DOCNO>
Cluster Percolation and Thermal Critical Behaviour


  Continuous phase transitions in spin systems can be formulated as percolation
of suitably defined clusters. We review this equivalence and then discuss how
in a similar way, the color deconfinement transition in SU(2) gauge theory can
be treated as a percolation phenomenon. In the presence of an external field,
spin systems cease to show thermal critical behavior, but the geometric
percolation transition persists (Kert\'esz line). For $H\not=0$, we study the
relation between percolation and pseudocritical behavior, both for continuous
and first order transitions, and show that it leads to the necessity of an
$H$-dependent cluster definition. A viable formulation of this kind could serve
as definition of deconfinement in QCD with dynamical quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86194 </DOCNO>
Teleparallel Spin Connection


  A new expression for the spin connection of teleparallel gravity is proposed,
given by minus the contorsion tensor plus a zero connection. The corresponding
minimal coupling is covariant under local Lorentz transformation, and
equivalent to the minimal coupling prescription of general relativity. With
this coupling prescription, therefore, teleparallel gravity turns out to be
fully equivalent to general relativity, even in the presence of spinor fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149682 </DOCNO>
Quantization of a self-interacting maximally charged string


  We discuss the quantization of a self-interacting string consisting of
maximally charged matter. We construct the Hamiltonian in the non-relativistic
limit by expanding around a static solution of the Einstein-Maxwell field
equations. Conformal symmetry is broken on the worldsheet, but a subgroup of
the conformal group acts as the gauge group of the theory. Thus, the
Faddeev-Popov quantization procedure of fixing the gauge is applicable. We
calculate the Hamiltonian and show that, if properly quantized, the system
possesses a well-defined ground state and the spacing of its energy levels is
of order the Planck mass. This generalizes earlier results on a system of
maximally charged black holes to the case of continuous matter distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98470 </DOCNO>
Conformal Schwarzian derivatives and conformally invariant quantization


  Let $(M,g)$ be a pseudo-Riemannian manifold. We propose a new approach for
defining the conformal Schwarzian derivatives. These derivatives are 1-cocycles
on the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$ related to the modules of linear
differential operators. As operators, these derivatives do not depend on the
rescaling of the metric $g.$ In particular, if the manifold $(M,g)$ is
conformally flat, these derivatives vanish on the conformal group
$\Og(p+1,q+1),$ where $\mathrm{dim} (M)=p+q.$ This work is a continuation of
[1,4] where the Schwarzian derivative was defined on a manifold endowed with a
projective connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169379 </DOCNO>
Incompleteness, Complexity, Randomness and Beyond


  Goedel's Incompleteness Theorems have the same scientific status as
Einstein's principle of relativity, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, and
Watson and Crick's double helix model of DNA. Our aim is to discuss some new
faces of the incompleteness phenomenon unveiled by an information-theoretic
approach to randomness and recent developments in quantum computing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76243 </DOCNO>
The threat to life from Eta Carinae and gamma ray bursts


  Eta Carinae, the most massive and luminous star known in our galaxy, is
rapidly boiling matter off its surface. At any time its core could collapse
into a black hole, which may result in a gamma-ray burst (GRB) that can
devastate life on Earth. Auspiciously, recent observations indicate that the
GRBs are narrowly beamed in cones along the rotational axis of the progenitor
star. In the case of Eta Carinae the GRBs will not point to us, but will be
ravaging to life on planets in our galaxy that happen to lie within the two
beaming cones. The mean rate of massive life extinctions by jets from GRBs, per
life-supporting planet in galaxies like ours, is once in 100 million years,
comparable to the rate of major extinctions observed in the geological records
of our planet. GRB extinctions also provide an answer to Fermi's question about
alien visitors: ``Where are they?''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168556 </DOCNO>
Theory of nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling


  A nonlinear Landau-Zener model was proposed recently to describe, among a
number of applications, the nonadiabatic transition of a Bose-Einstein
condensate between Bloch bands. Numerical analysis revealed a striking
phenomenon that tunneling occurs even in the adiabatic limit as the nonlinear
parameter $C$ is above a critical value equal to the gap $V$ of avoided
crossing of the two levels. In this paper, we present analytical results that
give quantitative account of the breakdown of adiabaticity by mapping this
quantum nonlinear model into a classical Josephson Hamiltonian. In the critical
region, we find a power-law scaling of the nonadiabatic transition probability
as a function of $C/V-1$ and $\alpha $, the crossing rate of the energy levels.
In the subcritical regime, the transition probability still follows an
exponential law but with the exponent changed by the nonlinear effect. For
$C/V>>1$, we find a near unit probability for the transition between the
adiabatic levels for all values of the crossing rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77124 </DOCNO>
Quark-Lepton Masses and the Neutrino Puzzle in the AGUT Model


  We first discuss an approach to the fermion mass problem, according to which
the whole of flavour mixing for quarks is determined by the mechanism
responsible for generating the physical masses of the up and down quarks: the
Lightest Flavour Mass Generation model. Then we consider fermion masses in the
Anti-grand Unification Theory and, in particular, the neutrino mass and mixing
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96098 </DOCNO>
Lie algebra and invariant tensor technology for g2


  Proceeding in analogy with su(n) work on lambda matrices and f- and
d-tensors, this paper develops the technology of the Lie algebra g2, its seven
dimensional defining representation gamma and the full set of invariant tensors
that arise in relation thereto. A comprehensive listing of identities involving
these tensors is given. This includes identities that depend on use of
characteristic equations, especially for gamma, and a good body of results
involving the quadratic, sextic and (the non-primitivity of) other Casimir
operators of g2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113359 </DOCNO>
The Elusive Monopole


  In this brief note, we argue that the elusive magnetic monopole arises due to
the strong magnetic effects arising from the non commutative space time
structure at small scales. This would also explain why the monopole has eluded
detection even after seventy years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2824 </DOCNO>
Out of equilibrium dynamics of a Quantum Heisenberg Spin Glass


  We study the out of equilibrium dynamics of the infinite range quantum
Heisenberg spin glass model coupled to a thermal relaxation bath. The SU(2)
spin algebra is generalized to SU(N) and we analyse the large-N limit. The
model displays a dynamical phase transition between a paramagnetic and a glassy
phase. In the latter, the system remains out of equilibrium and displays an
aging phenomenon, which we characterize using both analytical and numerical
methods. In the aging regime, the quantum fluctuation-dissipation relation is
violated and replaced at very long time by its classical generalization, as in
models involving simple spin algebras studied previously. We also discuss the
effect of a finite coupling to the relaxation baths and their possible forms.
This work completes and justifies previous studies on this model using a static
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2137 </DOCNO>
Effective rate equations for the over-damped motion in fluctuating


  We discuss physical and mathematical aspects of the over-damped motion of a
Brownian particle in fluctuating potentials. It is shown that such a system can
be described quantitatively by fluctuating rates if the potential fluctuations
are slow compared to relaxation within the minima of the potential, and if the
position of the minima does not fluctuate. Effective rates can be calculated;
they describe the long-time dynamics of the system. Furthermore, we show the
existence of a stationary solution of the Fokker-Planck equation that describes
the motion within the fluctuating potential under some general conditions. We
also show that a stationary solution of the rate equations with fluctuating
rates exists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76716 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Equation for Gluons in the Background Gauge of QCD


  We derive the quantum kinetic equation for a pure gluon plasma, applying the
background field and closed-time-path method. The derivation is more general
and transparent than earlier works. A term in the equation is found which, as
in the classical case, corresponds to the color charge precession for partons
moving in the gauge field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 763 </DOCNO>
On the Belitz-Kirkpatrick comment on "Specific heat of a Fermi system


  We reply to Belitz and Kirkpatrick comment cond-mat/0102064,  on
cond-mat/0101392.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85780 </DOCNO>
r-modes of slowly rotating non-isentropic relativistic stars


  We investigate properties of r-modes characterized by regular eigenvalue
problem in slowly rotating relativistic polytropes. Our numerical results
suggest that discrete r-mode solutions for the regular eigenvalue problem exist
only for restricted polytropic models. In particular the r-mode associated with
l=m=2, which is considered to be the most important for gravitational radiation
driven instability, do not have a discrete mode as solutions of the regular
eigenvalue problem for polytropes having the polytropic index N > 1.18 even in
the post-Newtonian order. Furthermore for a N=1 polytrope, which is employed as
a typical neutron star model, discrete r-mode solutions for regular eigenvalue
problem do not exist for stars whose relativistic factor M/R is larger than
about 0.1. Here M and R are stellar mass and stellar radius, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74102 </DOCNO>
Strangeness production in heavy ion collisions


  Strangeness production in heavy ion collisions is discussed in a broad energy
range from SIS to RHIC. %We emphasize that in the In the whole energy range
particle yields are showing high level of chemical equilibration which can be
described by the unified freezeout conditions of fixed energy/particle $\simeq
1$GeV. The statistical model within the canonical formulation of strangeness
conservation provides a framework to describe the observed enhancement of
(multi)strange particles from p+A to A+A collisions measured at the SPS energy
and predicts that this enhancement should be larger for decreasing collision
energy. However, only at the SPS and RHIC chemical freezeout temperature is
consistent within error with the critical value required for deconfinement and
simultaneously strangeness is uncorrelated and distributed in the whole volume
of the fireball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149834 </DOCNO>
Energy and the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We consider a scalar field theory on AdS in both minimally and non-minimally
coupled cases. We show that there exist constraints which arise in the
quantization of the scalar field theory on AdS which cannot be reproduced
through the usual AdS/CFT prescription. We argue that the usual energy, defined
through the stress-energy tensor, is not the natural one to be considered in
the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We analyze a new definition of the
energy which makes use of the Noether current corresponding to time
displacements in global coordinates. We compute the new energy for Dirichlet,
Neumann and mixed boundary conditions on the scalar field and for both the
minimally and non-minimally coupled cases. Then, we perform the quantization of
the scalar field theory on AdS showing that, for `regular' and `irregular'
modes, the new energy is conserved, positive and finite. We show that the
quantization gives rise, in a natural way, to a generalized AdS/CFT
prescription which maps to the boundary all the information contained in the
bulk. In particular, we show that the divergent local terms of the on-shell
action contain information about the Legendre transformed generating
functional, and that the new constraints for which the irregular modes
propagate in the bulk are the same constraints for which such divergent local
terms cancel out. In this situation, the addition of counterterms is not
required. We also show that there exist particular cases for which the
unitarity bound is reached, and the conformal dimension becomes independent of
the effective mass. This phenomenon has no bulk counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2981 </DOCNO>
Rejuvenation in the Random Energy Model


  We show that the Random Energy Model has interesting rejuvenation properties
in its frozen phase. Different `susceptibilities' to temperature changes, for
the free-energy and for other (`magnetic') observables, can be computed
exactly. These susceptibilities diverge at the transition temperature, as
(1-T/T_c)^-3 for the free-energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96940 </DOCNO>
Complexified PSUSY and SSUSY interpretations of some PT-symmetric


  We analyze a set of three PT-symmetric complex potentials, namely harmonic
oscillator, generalized Poschl-Teller and Scarf II, all of which reveal a
double series of energy levels along with the corresponding superpotential.
Inspired by the fact that two superpotentials reside naturally in order-two
parasupersymmetry (PSUSY) and second-derivative supersymmetry (SSUSY) schemes,
we complexify their frameworks to successfully account for the three
potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150016 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory finally reconciled with Special Relativity


  In 1935 Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) pointed out that Quantum Mechanics
apparently implied some mysterious, instantaneous action at a distance. This
paradox is supposed to be related to the probabilistic nature of the theory,
but since deterministic alternatives involving "Hidden Variables" hardly agree
with the experiments, the scientific community is now accepting this ``quantum
nonlocality" as if it were a reality. However, I have argued recently that
Quantum Electrodynamics is free from the EPR paradox, due to an indetermination
on the number of the unobserved "soft photons" that can be present in any step
of any experiment. Here, I will provide a more general proof, based on an
approach to the "problem of measurement" that implies the full reconciliation
of Quantum Field Theory with Special Relativity. I will then conclude with some
considerations on the interpretation of the Quantum Theory itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169436 </DOCNO>
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox and Entanglement 1: Signatures of


  A generalization of the 1935 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) argument for
measurements with continuous variable outcomes is presented to establish
criteria for the demonstration of the EPR paradox, for situations where the
correlation between spatially separated subsystems is not perfect. Two types of
criteria for EPR correlations are determined. The first type are based on
measurements of the variances of conditional probability distributions and are
necessary to reflect directly the situation of the original EPR paradox. The
second weaker set of EPR criteria are based on the proven failure of
(Bell-type) local realistic theories which could be consistent with a local
quantum description for each subsystem. The relationship with criteria
sufficient to prove entanglement is established, to show that any demonstration
of EPR correlations will also signify entanglement. It is also shown how a
demonstration of entanglement between two spatially separated subsystems, if
not able to interpreted as a violation of a Bell-type inequality, may be
interpreted as a demonstration of the EPR correlations. In particular it is
explained how the experimental observation of two-mode squeezing using
spatially separated detectors will signify not only entanglement but EPR
correlations defined in a general sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125169 </DOCNO>
Optical Photometry of the GRB 010222 Afterglow


  The optical afterglow of GRB 010222 was observed using the recently installed
2-m telescope at the Indian Astronomical Observatory, Hanle, and the telescopes
at the Vainu Bappu Observatory, Kavalur, beginning ~ 0.6 day after the
detection of the event. The results based on these photometric observations
combined with others reported in the literature are presented in this paper.
The R band light curve shows an initial decline of intensities proportional to
t^{-0.542} which steepens, after 10.3 hours, to t^{-1.263}. Following the model
of collimated outflow, the early break in the light curve implies a very narrow
beam angle (~ 2-3 deg). The two decay rates are consistent with the standard
jet model in a uniform density ambient medium, but require a hard spectrum of
electron power density with p ~ 1.5. The R band light between 14 and 17 hours
since outburst departs from the power law fit by 0.1 mag and shows some
evidence for fluctuations over timescales of an hour in the observer's frame.
Such deviations are expected due to density inhomogeneities if the ambient
medium is similar to the local interstellar medium. GRB 010222 is thus an
example of a highly collimated outflow with a hard spectrum of electron energy
distribution in normal interstellar environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113672 </DOCNO>
Quasiperiodic waves at the onset of zero Prandtl number convection with


  We show the possibility of quasiperiodic waves at the onset of thermal
convection in a thin horizontal layer of slowly rotating zero-Prandtl number
Boussinesq fluid confined between stress-free conducting boundaries. Two
independent frequencies emerge due to an interaction between a stationary
instability and a self-tuned wavy instability in presence of coriolis force, if
Taylor number is raised above a critical value. Constructing a dynamical system
for the hydrodynamical problem, the competition between the interacting
instabilities is analyzed. The forward bifurcation from the conductive state is
self-tuned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2210 </DOCNO>
Aging, rejuvenation and memory effects in Ising and Heisenberg spin


  We have compared aging phenomena in the Fe_{0.5}Mn_{0.5}TiO_3 Ising spin
glass and in the CdCr_{1.7}In_{0.3}S_4 Heisenberg-like spin glass by means of
low-frequency ac susceptibility measurements. At constant temperature, aging
obeys the same `$\omega t$ scaling' in both samples as in other systems.
Investigating the effect of temperature variations, we find that the Ising
sample exhibits rejuvenation and memory effects which are qualitatively similar
to those found in other spin glasses, indicating that the existence of these
phenomena does not depend on the dimensionality of the spins. However,
systematic temperature cycling experiments on both samples show important
quantitative differences. In the Ising sample, the contribution of aging at low
temperature to aging at a slightly higher temperature is much larger than
expected from thermal slowing down. This is at variance with the behaviour
observed until now in other spin glasses, which show the opposite trend of a
free-energy barrier growth as the temperature is decreased. We discuss these
results in terms of a strongly renormalized microscopic attempt time for
thermal activation, and estimate the corresponding values of the barrier
exponent $\psi$ introduced in the scaling theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127307 </DOCNO>
Resolving Microlens Blends Using Image Subtraction


  Blended light is an important source of degeneracy in the characterization of
microlensing events, particularly in binary-lens and high magnification events.
We show how the techniques of image subtraction can be applied to form an image
of the blend with the source removed. In many cases, it should be possible to
construct images with very high signal-to-noise ratio. Analysis of these images
can help distinguish between competing models that have different blend
fractions, and in some cases should allow direct detection of the lens.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168214 </DOCNO>
Security of EPR-based Quantum Cryptography against Incoherent Symmetric


  We investigate a new strategy for incoherent eavesdropping in Ekert's
entanglement based quantum key distribution protocol. We show that under
certain assumptions of symmetry the effectiveness of this strategy reduces to
that of the original single qubit protocol of Bennett and Brassard.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128492 </DOCNO>
Neutral Hydrogen and the Missing Satellites of the Local Group


  We present a comparison of the leftover satellites at z=0 in a cold dark
matter dominated simulation of the formation of the Local Group to the
distribution of observed neutral hydrogen high-velocity clouds and compact
high-velocity clouds. The ~2000 leftover satellites in the simulation have dark
matter masses which range between 0.5 to 10 x 10^9 Msun, sizes between 3 to 30
kpc, and distances between 100 kpc and 2 Mpc. The dark matter halos show a
clear bias in their distribution towards M31 and to a lesser extent towards the
Local Group anti-barycenter. If the Local Group halos contain ~1% of their dark
matter mass in neutral hydrogen they should have been easily detected by the
current HI surveys. The only HI objects detected with the potential to be the
Local Group halos are the high-velocity clouds. Here the spatial, kinematic,
and HI flux properties of the clouds and dark matter halos are compared.
Several different subsets of halos which may be more likely to contain neutral
hydrogen are investigated, and the HVCs are found to have some similar
properties to those halos within 500 kpc of the Galaxy and those halos with
dark matter masses > 2 x 10^8 Msun. The compact high-velocity clouds do not
show similar properties to the halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129503 </DOCNO>
Neutral Atomic Carbon in Centers of Galaxies


  We present measurements of the emission from the centers of fifteen spiral
galaxies in the 3P1-3P0 [CI] fine-structure transition at 492 GHz. Observed
galaxy centers range from quiescent to starburst to active. The intensities of
neutral carbon, the J=2-1 transition of 13CO and the J=4-3 transition of 12CO
are compared in matched beams. Most galaxy centers emit more strongly in [CI]
than in 13CO, completely unlike the situation pertaining to Galactic molecular
cloud regions. [CI] intensities are lower than, but nevertheless comparable to
J=4-3 12CO intensities, again rather different from Galactic sources. The ratio
of [CI] to 13CO increases with the central [CI] luminosity of a galaxy; it is
lowest for quiescent and mild starburst centers, and highest for strong
starburst centers and active nuclei. Comparison with radiative transfer model
calculations shows that most observed galaxy centers have neutral carbon
abundances close to, or exceeding, carbon monoxide abundances, rather
independent from the assumed model gas parameters. The same models suggest that
the emission from neutral carbon and carbon monoxide, if assumed to originate
in the same volumes, arises from a warm and dense gas rather than a hot and
tenuous, or a cold and very dense gas. The observed [CI] intensities together
with literature [CII] line and far-infrared continuum data likewise suggest
that a significant fraction of the emission originates in medium-density gas (n
= 10**3 - 10**4 cm**-3, subjected to radiation fields of various strengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98991 </DOCNO>
Spectral invariance for certain algebras of pseudodifferential operators


  We construct algebras of pseudodifferential operators on a continuous family
groupoid G that are closed under holomorphic functional calculus, contain the
algebra of all pseudodifferential operators of order 0 on G as a dense
subalgebra, and reflect the smooth structure of the groupoid G, when G is
smooth. As an application, we get a better understanding on the structure of
inverses of elliptic pseudodifferential operators on classes of non-compact
manifolds. For the construction of these algebras closed under holomorphic
functional calculus, we develop three methods: one using two-sided semi-ideals,
one using commutators, and one based on Schwartz spaces on the groupoid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128561 </DOCNO>
Morphological Classification of Galaxies Using Artificial Neural


  The results of morphological galaxy classifications performed by humans and
by automated methods are compared. In particular, a comparison is made between
the eyeball classifications of 454 galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
(SDSS) commissioning data (Shimasaku et al. 2001) with those of supervised
artificial neural network programs constructed using the MATLAB Neural Network
Toolbox package. Networks in this package have not previously been used for
galaxy classification. It is found that simple neural networks are able to
improve on the results of linear classifiers, giving correlation coefficients
of the order of 0.8 +/- 0.1, compared with those of around 0.7 +/- 0.1 for
linear classifiers. The networks are trained using the resilient
backpropagation algorithm, which, to the author's knowledge, has not been
specifically used in the galaxy classification literature. The galaxy
parameters used and the network architecture are both important, and in
particular the galaxy concentration index, a measure of the concentration of
light towards the centre of the galaxy, is the most significant parameter.
Simple networks are briefly applied to 29,429 galaxies with redshifts from the
SDSS Early Data Release. They give an approximate ratio of types E/S0:Sp:Irr of
14 +/- 5 : 86 +/- 12 : 0 +/- 0.1, which broadly agrees with the well known
approximate ratios of 20:80:1 observed at low redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41185 </DOCNO>
pp-Solar Neutrino Spectroscopy: Return of the Indium Detector


  A new indium-loaded liquid scintillator (LS) with up to 15wt% In and high
light output promises a breakthrough in the 25y old proposal for observing pp
solar neutrinos (nue) by tagged nue capture in 115In. Intense background from
the natural beta-decay of In, the single obstacle blocking this project till
now, can be reduced by more than x100 with the new In-LS. Only non-In
background remains, dramatically relaxing design criteria. Eight tons of In
yields ~400 pp nue/y after analysis cuts. With the lowest threshold yet, Q=118
keV, In is the most sensitive detector of the pp nue spectrum, the long sought
touchstone for nue conversion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83543 </DOCNO>
Tap Tips: Lightweight Discovery of Touchscreen Targets


  We describe tap tips, a technique for providing touch-screen target location
hints. Tap tips are lightweight in that they are non-modal, appear only when
needed, require a minimal number of user gestures, and do not add to the
standard touchscreen gesture vocabulary. We discuss our implementation of tap
tips in an electronic guidebook system and some usability test results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84027 </DOCNO>
Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Logic Programming Environments


  The Eleventh Workshop on Logic Programming Environments (WLPE'01) was one in
a series of international workshops in the topic area. It was held on December
1, 2001 in Paphos, Cyprus as a post-conference workshop at ICLP 2001. Eight
refereed papers were presented at the conference. A majority of the papers
involved, in some way, constraint logic programming and tools for software
development. Other topics areas addressed include execution visualization,
instructional aids (for learning users), software maintenance (including
debugging), and provisions for new paradigms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168496 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-forces in quantum mechanics


  Dynamical evolution is described as a parallel section on an infinite
dimensional Hilbert bundle over the base manifold of all frames of reference.
The parallel section is defined by an operator-valued connection whose
components are the generators of the relativity group acting on the base
manifold. In the case of Galilean transformations we show that the property
that the curvature for the fundamental connection must be zero is just the
Heisenberg equations of motion and the canonical commutation relation in
geometric language. We then consider linear and circular accelerating frames
and show that pseudo-forces must appear naturally in the Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168325 </DOCNO>
Continuous variable teleportation of single photon states


  The properties of continuous variable teleportation of single photon states
are investigated. The output state is different from the input state due to the
non-maximal entanglement in the EPR beams. The photon statistics of the
teleportation output are determined and the correlation between the field
information beta obtained in the teleportation process and the change in photon
number is discussed. The results of the output photon statistics are applied to
the transmission of a qbit encoded in the polarization of a single photon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85956 </DOCNO>
Finitary Spacetime Sheaves


  The notion of finitary spacetime sheaves is introduced based on locally
finite approximations of the continuous topology of a bounded region of a
spacetime manifold. Finitary spacetime sheaves are seen to be sound
mathematical models of approximations of continuous spacetime observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86400 </DOCNO>
Binary black holes in circular orbits. II. Numerical methods and first


  We present the first results from a new method for computing spacetimes
representing corotating binary black holes in circular orbits. The method is
based on the assumption of exact equilibrium. It uses the standard 3+1
decomposition of Einstein equations and conformal flatness approximation for
the 3-metric. Contrary to previous numerical approaches to this problem, we do
not solve only the constraint equations but rather a set of five equations for
the lapse function, the conformal factor and the shift vector. The orbital
velocity is unambiguously determined by imposing that, at infinity, the metric
behaves like the Schwarzschild one, a requirement which is equivalent to the
virial theorem. The numerical scheme has been implemented using multi-domain
spectral methods and passed numerous tests. A sequence of corotating black
holes of equal mass is calculated. Defining the sequence by requiring that the
ADM mass decrease is equal to the angular momentum decrease multiplied by the
orbital angular velocity, it is found that the area of the apparent horizons is
constant along the sequence. We also find a turning point in the ADM mass and
angular momentum curves, which may be interpreted as an innermost stable
circular orbit (ISCO). The values of the global quantities at the ISCO,
especially the orbital velocity, are in much better agreement with those from
third post-Newtonian calculations than with those resulting from previous
numerical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76210 </DOCNO>
Final-State Phases in Doubly-Cabibbo-Suppressed Charmed Meson


  Cabibbo-favored nonleptonic charmed particle decays exhibit large final-state
phase differences in $\bar K \pi$ and $\bar K^* \pi$ but not $\bar K \rho$
channels. It is of interest to know the corresponding pattern of final-state
phases in doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed decays, governed by the $c \to d u \bar s$
subprocess. An experimental program is outlined for determining such phases via
measurements of rates for $D \to K^* \pi$ and $K (\rho, \omega,\phi)$ channels,
and determination of interference between bands in Dalitz plots. Such a program
is feasible at planned high-intensity sources of charmed particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97524 </DOCNO>
Schematic homotopy types and non-abelian Hodge theory I: The Hodge


  In this work we use Hodge theoretic methods to study homotopy types of
complex projective manifolds with arbitrary fundamental groups. The main tool
we use is the schematization functor $X \mapsto (X\otimes \mathbb{C})^{sch}$,
introduced by the third author as a substitute for the rationalization functor
in homotopy theory in the case of non-simply connected spaces.
 Our main result is the construction of a Hodge decomposition on
$(X\otimes\mathbb{C})^{sch}$. This Hodge decomposition is encoded in an action
of the discrete group $\mathbb{C}^{\times \delta}$ on the object $(X\otimes
\mathbb{C})^{sch}$ and is shown to recover the usual Hodge decomposition on
cohomology, the Hodge filtration on the pro-algebraic fundamental group as
defined by C.Simpson, and in the simply connected case, the Hodge decomposition
on the complexified homotopy groups as defined by P.Deligne, P.Griffiths,
J.Morgan and D.Sullivan. Finally, using the construction $X \mapsto (X\otimes
\mathbb{C})^{sch}$, we define new homotopy invariants of a space $X$, which are
related to the action of its fundamental group $\pi_{1}(X,x)$ on its
complexified higher homotopy groups $\pi_{i}(X,x)\otimes \mathbb{C}$. When $X$
is a smooth and projective complex variety, we use the Hodge decomposition on
$(X\otimes \mathbb{C})^{sch}$ to deduce some restrictions on these invariants
and construct explicit new examples of homotopy types which are not realizable
as complex projective manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87094 </DOCNO>
Korteweg-de Vries adiabatic index solitons in barotropic open FRW


  Applying standard mathematical methods, it is explicitly shown how the
Riccati equation for the Hubble parameter H(\eta) of barotropic open FRW
cosmologies is connected with a Korteweg-de Vries equation for adiabatic index
solitons. It is also shown how one can embed a discrete sequence of adiabatic
indices of the type n^2({3/2}\gamma -1)^2 (\gamma \neq 2/3) in the sech FRW
adiabatic index soliton

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3645 </DOCNO>
Statistics of Lyapunov exponent in one-dimensional layered systems


  Localization of acoustic waves in a one dimensional water duct containing
many randomly distributed air filled blocks is studied. Both the Lyapunov
exponent and its variance are computed. Their statistical properties are also
explored extensively. The results reveal that in this system the single
parameter scaling is generally inadequate no matter whether the frequency we
consider is located in a pass band or in a band gap. This contradicts the
earlier observations in an optical case. We compare the results with two
optical cases and give a possible explanation of the origin of the different
behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124551 </DOCNO>
Evolution and Nucleosynthesis of Zero Metal Intermediate Mass Stars


  New stellar models with mass ranging between 4 and 8 Mo, Z=0 and Y=0.23 are
presented. The models have been evolved from the pre Main Sequence up to the
Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB). At variance with previous claims, we find that
these updated stellar models do experience thermal pulses in the AGB phase. In
particular we show that: a) in models with mass larger than 6 Mo, the second
dredge up is able to raise the CNO abundance in the envelope enough to allow a
"normal" AGB evolution, in the sense that the thermal pulses and the third
dredge up settle on; b) in models of lower mass, the efficiency of the CNO
cycle in the H-burning shell is controlled by the carbon produced locally via
the 3alpha reactions. Nevertheless the He-burning shell becomes thermally
unstable after the early AGB. The expansion of the overlying layers induced by
these weak He-shell flashes is not sufficient by itself to allow a deep
penetration of the convective envelope. However, immediately after that, the
maximum luminosity of the He flash is attained and a convective shell
systematically forms at the base of the H-rich envelope. The innermost part of
this convective shell probably overlaps the underlying C-rich region left by
the inter-shell convection during the thermal pulse, so that fresh carbon is
dredged up in a "hot" H-rich environment and a H flash occurs. This flash
favours the expansion of the outermost layers already started by the weak
thermal pulse and a deeper penetration of the convective envelope takes place.
Then, the carbon abundance in the envelope rises to a level high enough that
the further evolution of these models closely resembles that of more metal rich
AGB stars. These stars provide an important source of primary carbon and
nitrogen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76855 </DOCNO>
Dynamical relativistic corrections to the leptonic decay width of heavy


  We calculate the dynamical relativistic corrections, originating from
radiative one-gluon-exchange, to the leptonic decay width of heavy quarkonia in
the framework of a covariant formulation of Light-Front Dynamics. Comparison
with the non-relativistic calculations of the leptonic decay width of J=1
charmonium and bottomonium S-ground states shows that relativistic corrections
are large. Most importantly, the calculation of these dynamical relativistic
corrections legitimate a perturbative expansion in $\alpha_s$, even in the
charmonium sector. This is in contrast with the ongoing belief based on
calculations in the non-relativistic limit. Consequences for the ability of
several phenomenological potential to describe these decays are drawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126428 </DOCNO>
The BIMA Survey of Nearby Galaxies (BIMA SONG): I. The Radial


  We present the first results of the BIMA Survey of Nearby Galaxies (BIMA
SONG), an imaging survey of the CO J=(1-0) emission in 44 nearby spiral
galaxies at a typical resolution of 6". BIMA SONG differs from previous
high-resolution CO surveys in that: (1) CO brightness was not an explicit
selection criterion; (2) a larger area (200" diameter for most galaxies) of
each galaxy was imaged; and (3) fully-sampled single-dish CO data (55"
resolution) were obtained for over half of the sample galaxies, so all of the
CO flux is imaged in these galaxies. The radial distribution of stellar light
in galactic disks is generally characterized as an exponential. It is,
therefore, of interest to investigate whether the molecular gas, which is the
star-forming medium, has a similar distribution. Though our low-resolution
single-dish radial profiles of CO emission can be described by simple
exponentials, this is not true for the emission at our full 6" resolution. The
scale lengths of the CO disks are correlated with the scale lengths of the
stellar disks with a mean ratio of the scale lengths of about one. We also find
that:(1) there is also a weak correlation between the ratio of K-band to CO
luminosity and Hubble type; (2) in half of the galaxies presented here, CO
emission does not peak at the location of the stellar nucleus; (3) averaged
over the inner kiloparsec, the CO emission in one-half of the galaxies exhibits
an excess over that expected from an exponential disk which is similar to the
excess in stellar light caused by the bulge stars; and (4) this excess CO
emission may be due to an increase in the total molecular gas content in the
bulge region, or alternatively, to an increase in the CO emissivity caused by
the increased pressure of the bulge region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76335 </DOCNO>
Measures of Charge Fluctuations in Nuclear Collisions


  The properties of two measures of charge fluctuations D and Delta Phi_q are
discussed within several toy models of nuclear collisions. In particular their
dependence on mean particle multiplicity, multiplicity fluctuations and net
electric charge are studied. It is shown that the measure Delta Phi_q is less
sensitive to these trivial biasing effects than the originally proposed measure
D. Furthermore the influence of resonance decay kinematics is analysed and it
is shown that it is likely to shadow a possible reduction of fluctuations due
to QGP creation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5684 </DOCNO>
Separability of Rank Two Quantum States


  Explicit sufficient and necessary conditions for separability of higher
dimensional quantum systems with rank two density matrices are given. A
nonseparability inequality is also presented, for the case where one of the
eigenvectors corresponding to nonzero eigenvalues is a maximally entangled
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149652 </DOCNO>
Reflections on Topology - Viewpoints on Abelian Projections


  This talk discusses two topological features in non-abelian gauge theories,
related by the notion of abelian projection and the Hopf invariant. Minimising
the energy of the non-linear sigma model with a Skyrme-like term (the
Faddeev-Niemi model), can be identified with a non-linear maximal abelian gauge
fixing of the SU(2) gauge vacua with a winding number equal to the Hopf
invariant. In the context of abelian projection the Hopf invariant can also be
associated to a monopole world line, through the Taubes winding, measuring its
contribution to topological charge. Calorons with non-trivial holonomy provide
an explicit realisation. We discuss the identification of its constituent
monopoles through degenerate eigenvalues of the Polyakov loop (the
singularities or defects of the abelian projection). It allows us to study the
correlation between the defect locations and the explicit constituent monopole
structure, through a specific SU(3) example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97368 </DOCNO>
Temperature behavior of vortices of a 3D thermoconducting viscous fluid


  The Navier-Stokes-Fourier model for a 3D thermoconducting viscous fluid,
where the evolution equation for the temperature T contains a term proportional
to the rate of energy dissipation, is investigated analitically at the light of
the rotational invariance property. Two cases are considered: the Couette flow
and a flow with a radial velocity between two rotating impermeable and porous
coaxial cylinders, respectively. In both cases, we show the existence of a
maximum value of T, T_max, when the difference of temperature Delta T=T_2-T_1
on the surfaces of the cylinders is assigned. The role of T_max is discussed in
the context of different physical situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41111 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the neutral current cross section and F2 structure


  The cross section and the proton structure function F2 for neutral current
deep inelastic e+p scattering have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA
using an integrated luminosity of 30 pb-1. The data were collected in 1996 and
1997 at a centre-of-mass energy of 300 GeV. They cover the kinematic range 2.7
< Q^2 < 30000 GeV2 and 6.10^-5 < x < 0.65. The variation of F2 with x and Q2 is
well described by next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD as implemented in the
DGLAP evolution equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129508 </DOCNO>
The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000,


  We present a measurement of the absolute surface brightness of the zodiacal
light (3900-5100A) toward a fixed extragalactic target at high ecliptic
latitude based on moderate resolution (~1.3A per pixel) spectrophotometry
obtained with the du Pont 2.5m telescope at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile.
This measurement and contemporaneous Hubble Space Telescope data from WFPC2 and
FOS comprise a coordinated program to measure the mean flux of the diffuse
extragalactic background light (EBL). The zodiacal light at optical wavelengths
results from scattering by interplanetary dust, so that the zodiacal light flux
toward any extragalactic target varies seasonally with the position of the
Earth. This measurement of zodiacal light is therefore relevant to the specific
observations (date and target field) under discussion. To obtain this result,
we have developed a technique that uses the strength of the zodiacal Fraunhofer
lines to identify the absolute flux of the zodiacal light in the
multiple-component night sky spectrum. Statistical uncertainties in the result
are 0.6% (1 sigma). However, the dominant source of uncertainty is systematic
errors, which we estimate to be 1.1% (1 sigma). We discuss the contributions
included in this estimate explicitly. The systematic errors in this result
contribute 25% in quadrature to the final error in our coordinated EBL
measurement, which is presented in the first paper of this series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168787 </DOCNO>
Suppression of arbitrary internal coupling in a quantum register


  For the implementation of a quantum computer it is necessary to exercise
complete control over the Hamiltonian of the used physical system. For NMR
quantum computing the effectively acting Hamiltonian can be manipulated via
pulse sequences. Here we examine a register consisting of N selectively
addressable spins with pairwise coupling between each spin pair. We show that
complete decoupling of the spins is possible independent of the particular form
of the spin-spin interaction. The proposed method based on orthogonal arrays is
efficient in the sense that the effort regarding time and amount of pulses
increases only polynomially with the size N of the register. However, the
effect of external control errors in terms of inaccurate control pulses
eventually limits the achievable precision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96896 </DOCNO>
Eigenfunctions on a Stadium Associated with Avoided Crossings of Energy


  The authors examine graphical properties of eigenfunctions with stadium
boundaries associated with avoided crossings of energy levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169106 </DOCNO>
Decoherence in trapped ions due to polarization of the residual


  We investigate the mechanism of damping and heating of trapped ions
associated with the polarization of the residual background gas induced by the
oscillating ions themselves. Reasoning by analogy with the physics of surface
electrons in liquid helium, we demonstrate that the decay of Rabi oscillations
observed in experiments on 9Be+ can be attributed to the polarization phenomena
investigated here. The measured sensitivity of the damping of Rabi oscillations
with respect to the vibrational quantum number of a trapped ion is also
predicted in our polarization model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149170 </DOCNO>
Remarks on A_2 Toda Field Theory


  We study the Toda field theory with finite Lie algebras using an extension of
the Goulian-Li technique. In this way, we show that, after integrating over the
zero mode in the correlation functions of the exponential fields, the resulting
correlation function resembles that of a free theory. Furthermore, it is shown
that for some ratios of the charges of the exponential fields the four-point
correlation functions which contain a degenerate field satisfy the Riemann
ordinary differential equation. Using this fact and the crossing symmetry, we
derive a set of functional equations for the structure constants of the A_2
Toda field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76862 </DOCNO>
Relating production and masses of the vector and P-wave mesons for light


  The production rates of primary vector and P-wave mesons in Z hadronic decays
are analysed. The mass dependence of production rates for the bottom, charm,
strange charm and three families of the light-flavour mesons is found to be
very similar, allowing to relate the relative production rates for mesons with
different flavours and, possibly, their masses. The strange axial mesons
K_1(1273) and K_1(1402) might be assigned to the 1^+(1/2) and 1^+(3/2) levels
degenerate with the 0^+(1/2) and 2^+(3/2) levels of the K^*_0(1430) and
K^*_2(1430), respectively, if the observed K^*_0(1430) mass is replaced by its
``bare'' q\bar{q} mass corresponding to the K-matrix pole and close to the
K_1(1273) mass. Then the 0^+(1/2) and 1^+(1/2) levels are below the 1^+(3/2)
and 2^+(3/2) levels for the strange, charm and bottom mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5151 </DOCNO>
Trapping of Vibrational Energy in Crumpled Sheets


  We investigate the propagation of transverse elastic waves in crumpled media.
We set up the wave equation for transverse waves on a generic curved, strained
surface via a Langrangian formalism and use this to study the scaling behaviour
of the dispersion curves near the ridges and on the flat facets. This analysis
suggests that ridges act as barriers to wave propagation and that modes in a
certain frequency regime could be trapped in the facets. A simulation study of
the wave propagation qualitatively supported our analysis and showed
interesting effects of the ridges on wave propagation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 234 </DOCNO>
A classical field method for time dependent Bose condensed gases


  We propose a method to study the time evolution of Bose condensed gases
perturbed from an initial thermal equilibrium, based on the Wigner
representation of the $N$-body density operator. We show how to generate a
collection of random classical fields sampling the initial Wigner distribution
in the number conserving Bogoliubov approximation. The fields are then evolved
with the time dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We illustrate the method
with the damping of a collective excitation of a one-dimensional Bose gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72827 </DOCNO>
Wandzura-Wilczek approximation from generalized rotational invariance


  We present the alternative way of derivation of the Wandzura-Wilczek
relations between the kinematical twist-3 and twist-2 functions, parameterizing
hadronic matrix element in two-photon processes $\gamma^{\star}\pi\to
\gamma\pi$ and $\gamma^{\star}\gamma\to\pi\pi$. The new equations, providing
the independence of the physical cross-sections on the choice of the light-cone
direction, are suggested and explored. The amplitude of
$\gamma^{\star}\gamma\to\pi\pi$ up to genuine twist-3 accuracy is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179476 </DOCNO>
Partonic effects on the elliptic flow at relativistic heavy ion


  The elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions at RHIC is studied in a multiphase
transport model. By converting the strings in the high energy density regions
into partons, we find that the final elliptic flow is sensitive to the parton
scattering cross section. To reproduce the large elliptic flow observed in
Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt s=130A$ GeV requires a parton scattering cross
section of about 6 mb. We also study the dependence of the elliptic flow on the
particle multiplicity, transverse momentum, and particle mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4673 </DOCNO>
Correlation between magnetic and transport properties of phase separated


  The effect of low magnetic fields on the magnetic and electrical transport
properties of polycrystalline samples of the phase separated compound
La$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ is studied. The results are interpreted in the
framework of the field induced ferromagnetic fraction enlargement mechanism. A
fraction expansion coefficient af, which relates the ferromagnetic fraction f
with the applied field H, was obtained. A phenomenological model to understand
the enlargement mechanism is worked out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169392 </DOCNO>
Wannier-Stark resonances in optical and semiconductor superlattices


  In this work, we discuss the resonance states of a quantum particle in a
periodic potential plus a static force. Originally this problem was formulated
for a crystal electron subject to a static electric field and it is nowadays
known as the Wannier-Stark problem. We describe a novel approach to the
Wannier-Stark problem developed in recent years. This approach allows to
compute the complex energy spectrum of a Wannier-Stark system as the poles of a
rigorously constructed scattering matrix and solves the Wannier-Stark problem
without any approximation. The suggested method is very efficient from the
numerical point of view and has proven to be a powerful analytic tool for
Wannier-Stark resonances appearing in different physical systems such as
optical lattices or semiconductor superlattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179457 </DOCNO>
Bridging Two Ways of Describing Final-State Interactions in A(e,e'p)


  We outline a relativistic and unfactorized framework to treat the final-state
interactions in quasi-elastic A(e,e'p) reactions for four-momentum transfers
Q$^{2} \gtrsim 0.3$ (GeV/c)$^{2}$. The model, which relies on the eikonal
approximation, can be used in combination with optical potentials, as well as
with the Glauber multiple-scattering method. We argue that such a model can
bridge the gap between a typical ``low'' and ``high-energy'' description of
final-state interactions, in a reasonably smooth fashion. This argument is made
on the basis of calculated structure functions, polarization observables and
nuclear transparencies for the target nuclei $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6425 </DOCNO>
Stretched Polymers in a Poor Solvent


  Stretched polymers with attractive interaction are studied in two and three
dimensions. They are described by biased self-avoiding random walks with
nearest neighbour attraction. The bias corresponds to opposite forces applied
to the first and last monomers. We show that both in $d=2$ and $d=3$ a phase
transition occurs as this force is increased beyond a critical value, where the
polymer changes from a collapsed globule to a stretched configuration. This
transition is second order in $d=2$ and first order in $d=3$. For $d=2$ we
predict the transition point quantitatively from properties of the unstretched
polymer. This is not possible in $d=3$, but even there we can estimate the
transition point precisely, and we can study the scaling at temperatures
slightly below the collapse temperature of the unstretched polymer. We find
very large finite size corrections which would make very difficult the estimate
of the transition point from straightforward simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150044 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian gauge theory on noncommutative spaces


  We present a brief introduction to the construction of gauge theories on
noncommutative spaces with star products. Particular emphasis is given to
issues related to non-Abelian gauge groups and charge quantization. This talk
is based on joined work with B. Jurco, J. Madore, L. Moeller, S. Schraml and J.
Wess.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3489 </DOCNO>
Multifractality in directed percolation


  Using renormalization group methods we study multifractality in directed
percolation. Our approach is based on random lattice networks consisting of
resistor like and diode like bonds with microscopic noise. These random
resistor diode networks capture the features of isotropic as well as directed
percolation. In this note we introduce a field theoretic Hamiltonian for the
multifractal properties at the transition from the non-percolating to the
directed percolating phase. We investigate the multifractal moments of the
current distribution and determine a family of critical exponents for these
moments to two-loop order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1945 </DOCNO>
Spin transport in inhomogeneous magnetic fields: a proposal for


  Spin transport dynamics in inhomogeneous magnetic fields is studied within
the framework of Boltzmann theory. Stern-Gerlach-like separation of spin up and
spin down electrons occurs in ballistic and diffusive regimes, before spin
relaxation sets in. Transient dynamics and spectral response to time-dependent
inhomogeneous magnetic fields are investigated, and possible experimental
observations of our findings are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98899 </DOCNO>
Detection of Edges in Spectral Data II. Nonlinear Enhancement


  We discuss a general framework for recovering edges in piecewise smooth
functions with finitely many jump discontinuities, where $[f](x):=f(x+)-f(x-)
\neq 0$. Our approach is based on two main aspects--localization using
appropriate concentration kernels and separation of scales by nonlinear
enhancement.
  To detect such edges, one employs concentration kernels, $K_\epsilon(\cdot)$,
depending on the small scale $\epsilon$. It is shown that odd kernels, properly
scaled, and admissible (in the sense of having small $W^{-1,\infty}$-moments of
order ${\cal O}(\epsilon)$) satisfy $K_\epsilon*f(x) = [f](x) +{\cal
O}(\epsilon)$, thus recovering both the location and amplitudes of all edges.As
an example we consider general concentration kernels of the form
$K^\sigma_N(t)=\sum\sigma(k/N)\sin kt$ to detect edges from the first
$1/\epsilon=N$ spectral modes of piecewise smooth f's. Here we improve in
generality and simplicity over our previous study in [A. Gelb and E. Tadmor,
Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal., 7 (1999), pp. 101-135]. Both periodic and
nonperiodic spectral projections are considered. We identify, in particular, a
new family of exponential factors, $\sigma^{exp}(\cdot)$, with superior
localization properties.
  The other aspect of our edge detection involves a nonlinear enhancement
procedure which is based on separation of scales between the edges, where
$K_\epsilon*f(x)\sim [f](x) \neq 0$, and the smooth regions where $K_\epsilon*f
= {\cal O}(\epsilon) \sim 0$. Numerical examples demonstrate that by coupling
concentration kernels with nonlinear enhancement one arrives at effective edge
detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73976 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy with Cosine-Type Quintessence


  We study the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies produced by
cosine-type quintessence models. In our analysis, effects of the adiabatic and
isocurvature fluctuations are both taken into account. For purely adiabatic
fluctuations with scale invariant spectrum, we obtain a stringent constraint on
the model parameters using the CMB data from COBE, BOOMERanG and MAXIMA.
Furthermore, it is shown that isocurvature fluctuations have significant
effects on the CMB angular power spectrum at low multipoles in some parameter
space, which may be detectable in future satellite experiments. Such a signal
may be used to test the cosine-type quintessence models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73752 </DOCNO>
Electroweak properties of baryons in a covariant chiral quark model


  The proton and neutron electromagnetic form factors and the nucleon axial
form factor have been calculated in the Goldstone-boson exchange
constituent-quark model within the point-form approach to relativistic quantum
mechanics. The results, obtained without any adjustable parameter nor quark
form factors, are, due to the dramatic effects of the boost required by the
covariant treatment, in striking agreement with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128625 </DOCNO>
A standard stellar library for evolutionary synthesis. III. Metallicity


  We extend the colour calibration of the widely used BaSeL standard stellar
library (Lejeune, Cuisinier, & Buser 1997, 1998) to non-solar metallicities,
down to [Fe/H] ~ -2.0 dex. Surprisingly, we find that at the present epoch it
is virtually impossible to establish a unique calibration of UBVRIJHKL colours
in terms of stellar metallicity [Fe/H] which is consistent simultaneously with
both colour-temperature relations and colour-absolute magnitude diagrams (CMDs)
based on observed globular cluster photometry data and on published, currently
popular standard stellar evolutionary tracks and isochrones. The problem
appears to be related to the long-standing incompleteness in our understanding
of convection in late-type stellar evolution, but is also due to a serious lack
of relevant observational calibration data that would help resolve, or at least
further significant progress towards resolving this issue. In view of the most
important applications of the BaSeL library, we here propose two different
metallicity calibration versions: (1) the "WLBC 99" library, which consistently
matches empirical colour-temperature relations and which, therefore, should
make an ideal tool for the study of individual stars; and (2), the "PADOVA
2000" library, which provides isochrones from the Padova 2000 grid (Girardi et
al., 2000) that successfully reproduce Galactic globular-cluster
colour-absolute magnitude diagrams and which thus should prove particularly
useful for studies of collective phenomena in stellar populations in clusters
and galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96279 </DOCNO>
Sections de la puissance symetrique du fibre tautologique sur le schema


  We compute the space of global sections for the symmetric power of the
tautological bundle on the punctual Hilbert scheme of a complex smooth
projective surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40724 </DOCNO>
Search for the radiative decay $\eta \to \pi^0 \gamma \gamma$ in the SND


  The $\eta \to \pi^0 \gamma \gamma$ decay was investigated by the SND detector
at VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider in the reaction $e^+e^-\to\phi\to \eta\gamma$.
Here we present the results and some details of this study. We report an upper
limit (90% c.l.) $Br(\eta \to \pi^0 \gamma \gamma)<8.4\times 10^{-4}$ as our
final result. Our upper limit does not contradict the earlier measurement by
GAMS spectrometer. To facilitate future studies a rather detailed review of the
problem is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75759 </DOCNO>
A strategy to compute the b-quark mass with non-perturbative accuracy


  We describe a strategy for a non-perturbative computation of the b-quark mass
to leading order in 1/m in the Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET). The
approach avoids the perturbative subtraction of power law divergencies, and the
continuum limit may be taken. First numerical results in the quenched
approximation demonstrate the potential of the method with a preliminary result
m_b(4GeV)=4.56(2)(7) GeV. In principle, the idea may also be applied to the
matching of composite operators or the computation of 1/m corrections in HQET.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75639 </DOCNO>
Nonleptonic $\Omega^{-}$ decays and the Skyrme model


  Nonleptonic $\Omega^{-}$ decay branching ratios are estimated by means of the
QCD enhanced effective weak Hamiltonian supplemented by the SU(3) Skyrme model
used to estimate the nonperturbative matrix elements. The model has only one
free parameter, namely the Skyrme charge $e$, which is fixed through the
experimental values of the octet-decuplet mass splitting $\Delta $ and the
axial coupling constant $g_{A}$. The whole scheme is equivalent to that which
works well for the nonleptonic hyperon decays. The ratios of calculated
amplitudes are in agreement with experiment. However, the absolute values are
about twice too large if short-distance corrections and only ground
intermediate states are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5287 </DOCNO>
Multifractal burst in the spatio-temporal dynamics of jerky flow


  The collective behavior of dislocations in jerky flow is studied in Al-Mg
polycrystalline samples subjected to constant strain rate tests. Complementary
dynamical, statistical and multifractal analyses are carried out on the
stress-time series recorded during jerky flow to characterize the distinct
spatio-temporal dynamical regimes. It is shown that the hopping type B and the
propagating type A bands correspond to chaotic and self-organized critical
states respectively. The crossover between these types of bands is identified
by a large spread in the multifractal spectrum. These results are interpreted
on the basis of competing scales and mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114402 </DOCNO>
Status of the Control Sytem for the Front-End of the Spallation Neutron


  The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is a partnership between six
laboratories. To ensure a truly integrated control system, many standards have
been agreed upon, including the use of EPICS as the basic toolkit. However,
unique within the partnership is the requirement for Lawrence Berkeley National
Lab, responsible for constructing the Front End, to operate it locally before
shipping it to the Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL) site. Thus, its control system
must be finished in 2001, well before the SNS completion date of 2006.
Consequently many decisions regarding interface hardware, operator screen
layout, equipment types, and so forth had to be made before the other five
partners had completed their designs. In some cases the Front-End has defined a
standard by default; in others an upgrade to a new standard is anticipated by
ORNL later. Nearly all Front-End devices have been commissioned with the EPICS
control system. Of the approximately 1500 signals required, about 60% are now
under daily operational use. The control system is based on "standard
architecture"; however, it has a field-bus dominated layout. This paper will
discuss some unique interface requirements that led to adding new device
families into the EPICS repertoire. It will also describe the choices and
trade-offs made for all major areas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41647 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Detecting Supersymmetric Dark Matter at Post-LEP Benchmark


  A new set of supersymmetric benchmark scenarios has recently been proposed in
the context of the constrained MSSM (CMSSM) with universal soft
supersymmetry-breaking masses, taking into account the constraints from LEP, $b
\to s \gamma$ and $g_\mu - 2$. These points have previously been used to
discuss the physics reaches of different accelerators. In this paper, we
discuss the prospects for discovering supersymmetric dark matter in these
scenarios. We consider direct detection through spin-independent and
spin-dependent nuclear scattering, as well as indirect detection through relic
annihilations to neutrinos, photons, and positrons. We find that several of the
benchmark scenarios offer good prospects for direct detection via
spin-independent nuclear scattering and indirect detection via muons produced
by neutrinos from relic annihilations inside the Sun, and some models offer
good prospects for detecting photons from relic annihilations in the galactic
centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126176 </DOCNO>
The X-ray background from groups and clusters of galaxies


  We present an estimate of the X-ray background (XRB) spectrum from the
warm-hot intergalactic medium (IGM) associated with groups and clusters of
galaxies, using purely the observationally determined X-ray luminosity function
(XLF) and X-ray luminosity (Lx) - temperature (T) relations for groups and
clusters. As compared with previous semi-analytic models based on the
Press-Schechter mass function, our approach provides a much simpler and more
realistic way to evaluate the XRB from groups and clusters in the sense that we
make no assumption about the dynamical and heating properties of the IGM, and
the intrinsic dispersion in the Lx-T relations due to different physical
mechanisms among different groups and clusters can be also included. It shows
that the resulting 0.1-10 keV XRB spectrum by summing up the X-ray emission
from all groups and clusters is consistent with current upper limits placed on
the contribution from diffuse gas to the XRB. This may have profound
implications for our understanding of the missing baryons in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125056 </DOCNO>
Cluster abundance and large-scale structure


  We use the presently observed number density of large X-ray clusters and
linear mass power spectra to constrain the shape parameter ($\Gamma$), the
spectral index ($n$), the amplitude of matter density perturbations on the
scale of $8 h^{-1}$Mpc ($\sigma_8$), and the redshift distortion parameter
($\beta$). The non-spherical-collapse model as an improvement to the
Press-Schechter formula is used and yields significantly lower $\sigma_8$ and
$\beta$. An analytical formalism for the formation redshift of halos is also
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127109 </DOCNO>
O VI High Velocity Clouds: Where and What are They?


  Our view of the high velocity cloud (HVC) system is changing dramatically
with new observations from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer mission
and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space
Telescope. In particular, the detection of O VI absorption indicates that many
HVCs have a hot, collisionally-ionized component in addition to the neutral gas
detected in H I 21cm emission. A better understanding of the ionization of this
gas will help to determine the distances of some HVCs, as well as constrain the
properties of a hot Galactic corona or Local Group medium. In this article, I
briefly summarize some recent observations of O VI HVCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127294 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Line of the Local Group Satellites


  We present a new correlation between the mass-to-light (M/L) ratio and the
mean metallicity for the satellites of the Local Group. This relation together
with their central surface brightness define a Fundamental Line where metal
poor and low surface brightness dwarfs are dark matter dominated while metal
rich high surface brightness systems will have a low M/L ratio. This
Fundamental Line is independent of distance to the central galaxy (M31 and the
Milky Way) and morphological type among other global parameters as their star
formation history. The new M/L-metallicity relation indicates that dwarf
spheroidal galaxies are dark matter confined. It can be interpreted if
satellites experienced a continuous loss of metals with a final episode of gas
ejection at the end of the star formation epoch. Only Globular Clusters are
found to lie outside the Fundamental Line of dwarf satellites. Unlike satellite
galaxies they are not dark matter confined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97282 </DOCNO>
On algebraic fiber spaces


  We construct a cohomological mixed Hodge complex on a fiber of a weakly
semistable fibration using logarithmic de Rham complex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129556 </DOCNO>
2MASSI J1315309-264951: An L Dwarf with Strong and Variable H-alpha


  2MASSI J1315309-264951 is an L3 dwarf with strong H-alpha emission discovered
in the course of a color-selected survey for active galactic nuclei using the
Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS). The strength of its H-alpha emission
decreased by about a factor of two between two epochs separated by 137 days.
This is the first time that variable H-alpha emission has been reported in an L
dwarf, and is probably the first observation of an H-alpha flare in an L dwarf.
The value of log(L_Halpha/L_bol)>-4.17 observed at the discovery epoch is
larger than that of any other L dwarf but comparable to that of 2MASSI
J1237392+652615, the only reported T dwarf with H-alpha emission. The observed
variability indicates that the H-alpha emission of 2MASSI J1315309-264951 is
powered either by magnetic fields or by accretion in a binary system.
Spectroscopic or narrow-band H-alpha monitoring of L and T dwarfs on timescales
of hours to days would be the most useful step toward a better understanding of
their H-alpha emission mechanism(s).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127364 </DOCNO>
Globular Cluster Mass and Metallicity Distributions: Reconstructing the


  Globular clusters in most large galaxies are a mixture of metal-poor and
metal-rich (bimodal), but the halo stars are almost entirely metal-rich. This
and other lines of evidence argue that the metal-poor globular clusters formed
within widely distributed 10^8-10^9 Solar masses gas clouds (supergiant GMCs)
during an early burst in which most of the gas was ejected or unused till later
rounds of star formation. New simulations of the growth of pre-galactic
potential wells in the early universe now indicate that the initial power-law
form of the globular cluster mass distribution (dN/dM ~ M^-1.8) is a miniature
replica of the mass distribution of the SGMCs themselves, which grow
hierarchically in the CDM potential wells of large protogalaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76508 </DOCNO>
Dual Properties of the Structure Functions


  By using the concept of duality between direct channel resonances and Regge
exchanges we relate the small- and large-$x$ behavior of the structure
functions. We show that even a single resonance exhibits Bjorken scaling at
large $Q^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98800 </DOCNO>
Nonabelian Hodge theory with irregular singularities on curves


  On a complex curve, we establish a correspondence between integrable
connections with irregular singularities, and Higgs bundles such that the Higgs
field is meromorphic with poles of any order.
  The moduli spaces of these objects are obtained by fixing at each singularity
the polar part of the connection. We prove that they carry hyperKahler metrics,
which are complete when the residue of the connection if semisimple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73202 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo model for nuclear collisions from SPS to LHC energies


  A Monte Carlo model to simulate nuclear collisions in the energy range going
from SPS to LHC, is presented. The model includes in its initial stage both
soft and semihard components, which lead to the formation of color strings.
Collectivity is taken into account considering the possibility of strings in
color representations higher than triplet or antitriplet, by means of string
fusion. String breaking leads to the production of secondaries. At this point,
the model can be used as initial condition for further evolution by a transport
model. In order to tune the parameters and see the results in nucleus-nucleus
collisions, a naif model for rescattering of secondaries is introduced. Results
of the model are compared with experimental data, and predictions for RHIC and
LHC are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128521 </DOCNO>
Possible use of the dedicated MARLY one meter telescope for intensive


  The EROS2 microlensing search will end at the end of 2002. Apart of this
microlensing search, EROS has discovered ~70 supernovae during 8 periods
partially dedicated to a SN search. In this document, we investigated a new way
of using the EROS telescope (The MARLY) after this date, as a dedicated nearby
supernovae photometer. The performance of a set-up with two cameras allowing to
simultaneously perform BVRI and U photometry have been estimated. Each year, of
order of 100 type Ia supernovae at z ~0.05 should be photometrically
followed-up during 80 days with a precision of 2% in BVRI and ~3,5% in U.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124564 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Beam Combination for Optical Interferometry


  Optical interferometers increasingly use single-mode fibers as spatial
filters to convert varying wavefront distortion into intensity fluctuations
which can be monitored for accurate calibration of fringe amplitudes. Here I
propose using an asymmetric coupler to allow the photometric intensities of
each telescope beam to be measured at the same time as the fringe visibility,
but without the need for dedicated photometric outputs, which reduce the light
throughput in the interferometric channels. In the read-noise limited case
often encountered in the infrared, I show that a 53% improvement in
signal-to-noise ratio for the visibility amplitude measurement is achievable,
when compared to a balanced coupler setup with 50% photometric taps (e.g., the
FLUOR experiment). In the Poisson-noise limit appropriate for visible light,
the improvement is reduced to only ~8%. This scheme also reduces the cost and
complexity of the beam combination since fewer components and detectors are
required, and can be extended to more than two telescopes for "all-in-one" or
pair-wise beam combination. Asymmetric beam combination can also be employed
for monitoring scintillation and throughput variations in systems without
spatial filtering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3191 </DOCNO>
Energetics of rocked inhomogeneous ratchets


  We study the efficiency of frictional thermal ratchets driven by finite
frequency driving force and in contact with a heat bath. The efficiency
exhibits varied behavior with driving frequency. Both nonmonotonic and
monotonic behavior have been observed. In particular the magnitude of
efficiency in finite frequency regime may be more than the efficiency in the
adiabatic regime. This is our central result for rocked ratchets. We also show
that for the simple potential we have chosen, the presence of only spatial
asymmetry (homogeneous system) or only frictional ratchet (symmetric potential
profile), the adiabatic efficiency is always more than in the nonadiabatic
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72546 </DOCNO>
Mueller-Navelet Jets at Hadron Colliders


  We critically examine the definition of dijet cross sections at large
rapidity intervals in hadron-hadron collisions, taking proper account of the
various cuts applied in a realistic experimental setup. We argue that the
dependence of the cross section on the precise definition of the parton
momentum fractions and the presence of an upper bound on the momentum transfer
cannot be neglected, and we provide the relevant modifications to the
analytical formulae by Mueller and Navelet. We also point out that the choice
of equal transverse momentum cuts on the tagging jets can spoil the possibility
of a clean extraction of signals of BFKL physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74431 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses or new interactions


  Recent proposals to study the mass of the "electron" neutrino at a
sensitivity of 0.3 eV can be used to place limits on the right handed and
scalar charged currents at a level which improves on the present experimental
limits. Indeed the neglect of the possibility of such interactions can lead to
the inference of an incorrect value for the mass, as we illustrate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124186 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Extended X-ray Emission from the Planetary Nebula NGC 7027


  We report the discovery of X-ray emission from NGC 7027, a prototypical
object for the study of the formation and evolution of planetary nebulae (PNs).
Observations with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) aboard the
Chandra X-ray Observatory show that the X-ray emission from NGC 7027 is
extended and is bipolar in morphology. The ACIS spectrum displays strong
emission from highly ionized Ne and weaker emission features which we attribute
to O, Mg, and Si. Model fits to this spectrum suggest a characteristic
temperature T_x ~ 3x10^6 K and an intrinsic (unabsorbed) X-ray luminosity of
L_x ~ 1.3x10^32 ergs/s. The intranebular absorption of X-ray emission is highly
nonuniform, but the modeling indicates an average column density N_H ~ 6x10^21
cm^-2, consistent with previous measurements of relatively large visual
extinction within the nebula. We suggest that the X-ray emission from NGC 7027
is or was generated by a hitherto undetected fast wind from the central star of
NGC 7027, or from a companion to this star. Chandra's detection of extended,
high-temperature X-ray emission from BD +30 3639, NGC 6543, and now NGC 7027
suggests that such emission is a common feature of young planetary nebulae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73103 </DOCNO>
The bound state corrections to the semileptonic decays of the B meson.


  A generalization of the parton-like formula is used for the first time to
find the differential distributions in the inclusive semileptonic weak decays
of the B meson. The main features of this new approach are the treatment of the
b-quark as an on-mass-shell particle and the inclusion of the effects arising
from the b-quark transverse motion in the B-meson. Using the b-quark
light-front (LF) distribution function related to the equal time momentum wave
function taken from the ACM model we compute the electron energy spectra and
the total semileptonic widths of the B meson. We find an impressive agreement
between the electron energy spectra calculated in the LF approach and the ones
obtained in the ACM model, provided the b quark mass is identified with the
average of the floating b quark mass in the ACM model. In spite of the
simplicity of the model we obtain a fair good description of the CLEO data for
V_{cb}=0.042.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87187 </DOCNO>
Higher Dimensional Static Cosmological Model in Lyra Manifold


  A static conformally flat spherically symmetric perfect fluid cosmological
model in Lyra geometry is investigatd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98780 </DOCNO>
Infinity Algebras, Cohomology and Cyclic Cohomology, and Infinitesimal


  An A-infinity algebra is given by a codifferential on the tensor coalgebra of
a (graded) vector space. An associative algebra is a special case of an
A-infinity algebra, determined by a quadratic codifferential. The notions of
Hochschild and cyclic cohomology generalize from associative to A-infinity
algebras, and classify the infinitesimal deformations of the algebra, and those
deformations preserving an invariant inner product, respectively. Similarly, an
L-infinity algebra is given by a codifferential on the exterior coalgebra of a
vector space, with Lie algebras being special cases given by quadratic
codifferentials. There are natural definitions of cohomology and cyclic
cohomology, generalizing the usual Lie algebra cohomology and cyclic
cohomology, which classify deformations of the algebra and those which preserve
an invariant inner product. This article explores the definitions of these
infinity algebras, their cohomology and cyclic cohomology, and the relation to
their infinitesimal deformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97971 </DOCNO>
Cyclic presentations of groups and branched cyclic coverings of


  In this paper we study the connections between cyclic presentations of groups
and branched cyclic coverings of (1,1)-knots. In particular, we prove that
every n-fold strongly-cyclic branched covering of a (1,1)-knot admits a cyclic
presentation for the fundamental group encoded by a Heegaard diagram of genus
n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149309 </DOCNO>
Anomaly free effective action for the elementary M5-brane


  We construct an effective action describing an elementary M5-brane
interacting with dynamical eleven-dimensional supergravity, which is free from
gravitational anomalies. The current associated to the elementary brane is
taken as a distribution valued delta-function on the support of the 5-brane
itself. Crucial ingredients of the construction are the consistent inclusion of
the dynamics of the chiral two-form on the 5-brane, and the use of an invariant
Chern-kernel allowing to introduce a D=11 three-form potential which is well
defined on the worldvolume of the 5-brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86925 </DOCNO>
Aichelburg-Sexl boost of an isolated source in general relativity


  A study of the Aichelburg--Sexl boost of the Schwarzschild field is described
in which the emphasis is placed on the field (curvature tensor) with the metric
playing a secondary role. This is motivated by a description of the Coulomb
field of a charged particle viewed by an observer whose speed relative to the
charge approaches the speed of light. Our approach is exemplified by carrying
out an Aichelburg-- Sexl type boost on the Weyl vacuum gravitational field due
to an isolated axially symmetric source. Detailed calculations of the boosts
transverse and parallel to the symmetry axis are given and the results, which
differ significantly, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5152 </DOCNO>
Magnetolocalization in disordered quantum wires


  The magnetic field dependent localization in a disordered quantum wire is
considered nonperturbatively.
  An increase of an averaged localization length with the magnetic field is
found, saturating at twice its value without magnetic field.
  The crossover behavior is shown to be governed both in the weak and strong
localization regime by the magnetic diffusion length L_B. This function is
derived analytically in closed form as a function of the ratio of the mean free
path l, the wire thickness W, and the magnetic length l_B for a two-dimensional
wire with specular boundary conditions, as well as for a parabolic wire. The
applicability of the analytical formulas to resistance measurements in the
strong localization regime is discussed. A comparison with recent experimental
results on magnetolocalization is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149333 </DOCNO>
Solvable Confining Gauge Theories at Large N


  In this letter we consider models with N U(1) gauge fields together with N
Kalb-Ramond fields in the large N limit. These models can be solved explicitely
and exhibit confinement for a large class of bare actions. The confining phase
is characterized by an approximate "low energy" vector gauge symmetry under
which the Kalb-Ramond fields transform. A duality transformation shows that
confinement is associated with magnetic monopoles condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125896 </DOCNO>
Seeing Galaxies though Thick and Thin. IV. The Superimposed Spiral


  The superimposed pair of spiral galaxies NGC 3314 offers a unique opportunity
to trace the dust properties in a spiral galaxy. We analyze multicolor HST
imaging, supported by ground-based near-IR imaging and fiber-array spectroscopy
to measure dust extinction in the foreground Sc galaxy NGC 3314A, which is
backlit by the Sb system NGC 3314B. We can measure extinctions over a wide
range of galactocentric radii in the foreground galaxy, from 0.4-4.5 kpc. In
the outer disk, the extinction is strongly localized in discrete dust lanes.
These dust features show an extinction curve with a slope close to the Galactic
mean (R = 3.5+/-0.3) from 1.6 to 3.8 kpc, with no radial trend. Using the I-K
color of the background nucleus, we derive an extinction A(I) = 3.3 through the
disk at a projected distance 400 pc from the nucleus of NGC 3314A. The
extinction in even the inner disk of NGC 3314A is quite patchy, since
background H-alpha emission is detected from all parts of the system. Local
anticorrelations between foreground and background line emission demonstrate
that the dust is concentrated to star-forming regions, as has been found for
the blue light in several systems. Colors of dust lanes in NGC 3314A which are
projected only partially against the background disk indicate that the dust
scale height in the foreground disk is substantially smaller than that of the
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129301 </DOCNO>
Correlated X-ray timing and spectral behavior of GX 349+2: RXTE PCA data


  We present a detailed and systematic investigation of correlated spectral and
timing properties of the Z source GX 349+2, using a huge amount (about 40 ks)
of good quality data from September 29, 1998 to October 13, 1998, obtained with
the Proportional-Counter-Array on-board RXTE satellite. We, for the first time,
give a detailed comparison between the normal-branch-properties and the
flaring-branch-properties of this source, as it shows an extended normal branch
(which is a rare phenomenon for it) for our case. In our work, the properties
of the peaked noise are analyzed as functions of the position on the Z-track
(in color-color-diagram), and they are discussed in connection with the peaked
noise seen for another Z source Cyg X-2 (at low overall intensities). This will
help to construct theoretical models for the peaked noise, as well as to
understand the physics behind the Z-shaped tracks traced by these kind of
sources in color-color-diagram. We also find a QPO (centroid frequency is about
3.8 Hz) at the upper part of the flaring branch. This is for the first time, a
QPO is seen from this source and hence is very important in understanding the
nature of its X-ray emitting components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6285 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Critical Behavior of an Extended Reptation Dynamics for


  We consider lattice self-avoiding walks and discuss the dynamic critical
behavior of two dynamics that use local and bilocal moves and generalize the
usual reptation dynamics. We determine the integrated and exponential
autocorrelation times for several observables, perform a dynamic finite-size
scaling study of the autocorrelation functions, and compute the associated
dynamic critical exponents $z$. For the variables that describe the size of the
walks, in the absence of interactions we find $z \approx 2.2$ in two dimensions
and $z\approx 2.1$ in three dimensions. At the $\theta$-point in two dimensions
we have $z\approx 2.3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2440 </DOCNO>
Coupled Magnetic Excitations in Single Crystal PrBa2Cu3O6.2


  The dispersion of the low-energy magnetic excitations of the Pr sublattice in
PrBa2Cu3O6.2 is determined by inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a
single crystal. The dispersion, which shows the effect of interactions with the
Cu spin-waves, is well described by a model of the coupled Cu-Pr magnetic
system. This enables values for the principal exchange constants to be
determined, which suggest that both Pr-Pr and Cu-Pr interactions are important
in producing the anomalously high ordering temperature of the Pr sublattice.
Measurements of the Cu optic spin wave mode show that the inter-layer Cu-Cu
exchange is significantly lower than in YBa2Cu3O6.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168777 </DOCNO>
Quantum-scissors device for optical state truncation: A proposal for


  We propose a realizable experimental scheme to prepare superposition of the
vacuum and one-photon states by truncating an input coherent state. The scheme
is based on the quantum scissors device proposed by Pegg, Phillips, and Barnett
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1604 (1998)] and uses photon-counting detectors, a
single-photon source, and linear optical elements. Realistic features of the
photon counting and single-photon generation are taken into account and
possible error sources are discussed together with their effect on the fidelity
and efficiency of the truncation process. Wigner function and phase
distribution of the generated states are given and discussed for the evaluation
of the proposed scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148867 </DOCNO>
Multi Hamilton-Jacobi quantization of O(3) nonlinear sigma model


  The O(3) non-linear sigma model is investigated using multi Hamilton-Jacobi
formalism. The integrability conditions are investigated and the results are in
agreement with those obtained by Dirac's method. By choosing an adequate
extension of phase space we describe the transformed system by a set of three
Hamilton-Jacobi equations and calculate the corresponding action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129575 </DOCNO>
Compact Star Clusters in Nearby Dwarf Irregular Galaxies


  Nearby dwarf irregular galaxies were searched for compact star clusters using
data from the HST archives. Three of the galaxies were found to host both
populous clusters (M_V<-9.5 at a fiducial age of 10 Myr) and super-star
clusters (M_V<-10.5 at 10 Myr). Four other dwarf galaxies, two of which contain
populous and super-star clusters, were drawn from the literature. We find upper
limits to integrated galactic M_B and star formation rate for the formation of
these clusters. However, galaxies brighter and more active than these limits
rarely form them. Yet when they do form, the associated star formation activity
is very high, with numerous compact clusters of similar age in the same complex
and often evidence for a galaxy-wide perturbation as the trigger. This tendency
to concentrate star formation in localized regions of high column density is
consistent with previous suggestions that self-gravity must be strong and the
pressure must be high to allow a cool phase of gas to exist in equilibrium.
Statistical considerations emphasize the peculiarity of super-star clusters in
dwarf galaxies, which are too small to sample the cluster mass function to that
extreme. We suggest that triggered large-scale flows and ambient gravitational
instabilities in the absence of shear make the clouds that form super-star
clusters in small galaxies. This is unlike the case in spirals where density
wave flows and scale-free compression from turbulence dominate. Further compar-
isons with spirals give insight into Larsen & Richtler's relation between star
formation rate per unit area and the fraction of young stars in massive dense
clusters. We suggest that this relation is the result of a physical connection
between maximum cluster mass, interstellar pressure, column density, and star
formation rate, combined with a size-of-sample effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4859 </DOCNO>
Interplay of spin-discriminated Andreev bound states forming the 0-$\pi$


  The Josephson current in S-F-S junctions is described by taking into
account different reflection (transmission) amplitudes for quasiparticles with
spin up and down. We show that the 0-$\pi$ transition in the junctions can take
place at some temperature only for sufficiently strong spin-activity of the
interface. In particular, Andreev interface bound state energies in one spin
channel have to be all negative, while in the other one positive. Only one spin
channel contributes then to the zero-temperature Josephson current. At the
temperature of the 0-$\pi$ transition two spin channels substantially
compensate each other and can result in a pronounced minimum in the critical
current in tunnel junctions. The minimal critical current is quadratic in small
transparency and contains first and second harmonics of one and the same order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86221 </DOCNO>
On the time variability of gamma-ray sources: A numerical analysis of


  We present a Monte Carlo analysis of the recently introduced variability
indices $\tau$ (Tompkins 1999) and $I$ (Zhang et al. 2000 & Torres et al. 2001)
for $\gamma$-ray sources. We explore different variability criteria and prove
that these two indices, despite the very different approaches used to compute
them, are statistically correlated (5 to 7$\sigma$). This conclusion is
maintained also for the subset of AGNs and high latitude ($|b|>10$ deg)
sources, whereas the correlation is lowered for the low latitude ones, where
the influence of the diffuse galactic emission background is strong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2417 </DOCNO>
Quantum Diffusion of H/Ni(111) through the Monte Carlo Wave Function


  We consider a quantum system coupled to a dissipative background with many
degrees of freedom using the Monte Carlo Wave Function method. Instead of
dealing with a density matrix which can be very high-dimensional, the method
consists of integrating a stochastic Schrodinger equation with a non-hermitian
damping term in the evolution operator, and with random quantum jumps. The
method is applied to the diffusion of hydrogen on the Ni(111) surface below 100
K. We show that the recent experimental diffusion data for this system can be
understood through an interband activation process, followed by quantum
tunnelling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123923 </DOCNO>
Relativistic velocity singularities


  The relativistic fluid equations governing large collapsing systems can
exhibit density singularities. Under asymmetric collapse, these same equations
may support finite time relativistic velocity singularities (v going to c).
These relativistic velocity singularities might contribute as a novel
acceleration mechanism in such astrophysical systems as highly relativistic
polar jet outflows and energetic cosmic rays. This paper provides a necessarily
preliminary treatment due to the intractable nature of the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128466 </DOCNO>
Unusual Metal Abundances in a Pair of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems at z~2


  We present high resolution spectroscopic observations of two neighbouring
damped Lya systems (DLAs) along the same line of sight towards B2314-409. Due
to their separation (v ~ 2000 km/s) and the high spectral resolution of the
data, it is possible to fit not only the weak metal transitions, but also the
separate HI absorption profiles. This has permitted, for the first time, a
detailed study of metal abundances in two neighbouring galaxy-scale absorbers.
The two DLAs have z_abs = 1.8573 and 1.8745 and have column densities log N(HI)
= 20.9+/-0.1 and 20.1+/-0.2 respectively. We have determined abundances for a
range of chemical elements, and find that BOTH absorbers towards B2314-409 have
low alpha/Fe-peak abundances compared with other known DLAs. This indicates
that not only has the recent star formation history of these absorbers been
relatively passive, but that the group environment, or some other external
factor, may have influenced this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86024 </DOCNO>
Application of linear hyperbolic PDE to linear quantum fields in curved


  Several situations of physical importance may be modelled by linear quantum
fields propagating in fixed spacetime-dependent classical background fields.
For example, the quantum Dirac field in a strong and/or time-dependent external
electromagnetic field accounts for the creation of electron-positron pairs out
of the vacuum. Also, the theory of linear quantum fields propagating on a given
background curved spacetime is the appropriate framework for the derivation of
black-hole evaporation (Hawking effect) and for studying the question whether
or not it is possible in principle to manufacture a time-machine. It is a
well-established metatheorem that any question concerning such a linear quantum
field may be reduced to a definite question concerning the corresponding
classical field theory (i.e. linear hyperbolic PDE with non-constant
coefficients describing the background in question) -- albeit not necessarily a
question which would have arisen naturally in a purely classical context. The
focus in this talk will be on the covariant Klein-Gordon equation in a fixed
curved background, although we shall draw on analogies with other background
field problems and with the time-dependent harmonic oscillator. The aim is to
give a sketch-impression of the whole subject of Quantum Field Theory in Curved
Spacetime, focussing on work with which the author has been personally
involved, and also to mention some ideas and work-in-progress by the author and
collaborators towards a new "semi-local" vacuum construction for this subject.
A further aim is to introduce, and set into context, some recent advances in
our understanding of the general structure of quantum fields in curved
spacetimes which rely on classical results from microlocal analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98281 </DOCNO>
Fractional Supersymmetry and F-fold Lie Superalgebras


  We give infinite dimensional and finite dimensional examples of $F-$fold Lie
superalgebras. The finite dimensional examples are obtained by an inductive
procedure from Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81048 </DOCNO>
Coherent States for Canonical Quantum General Relativity and the


  We summarize a recently proposed concrete programme for investigating the
(semi)classical limit of canonical, Lorentzian, continuum quantum general
relativity in four spacetime dimensions. The analysis is based on a novel set
of coherent states labelled by graphs. These fit neatly together with an
Infinite Tensor Product (ITP) extension of the currently used Hilbert space.
The ITP construction enables us to give rigorous meaning to the infinite volume
(thermodynamic) limit of the theory which has been out of reach so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86057 </DOCNO>
A New Cosmological Model


  It is only human nature to be reluctant to accept something new and
different. This feeling is exacerbated given the success of the Big Bang model.
However, there are cogent reasons for considering this new model. Some of the
advantages of this new model over the existing Big Bang model are as follows:
(1) It does not violate any known laws of physics. This contrasts with the Big
Bang model where all known laws of physics break down in the consideration of
the universe beginning as a singular point of infinite density. (2) The cause
behind the initial explosion is provided in this new model. The Big Bang model
does not explain what caused the initial explosion. (3) The homogenous nature
of the universe is intrinsically explained in this new model. Whereas, the Big
Bang model relies on an "extraneous" concept like inflation to explain the
homogeneity of the universe. (4) This new model eliminates the mystery of why
there is a preponderance of matter over anti-matter. These are some of the
advantages of this new model. There are others. Given these qualitative
advantages, this new model is worthy of serious consideration even though it is
new and different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6283 </DOCNO>
Magnetoconductance of a two-dimensional metal in the presence of


  We show that in the metallic phase of a two dimensional electron gas the
spin-orbit coupling due to structure inversion asymmetry leads to a
characteristic anisotropy in the magnetoconductance. Within the assumption that
the metallic phase can be described by a Fermi liquid, we compute the
conductivity in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field. Both the spin-orbit
coupling and the Zeeman coupling with the magnetic field give rise to two spin
subbands, in terms of which most of the transport properties can be discussed.
 The strongest conductivity anisotropy occurs for Zeeman energies of the order
of the Fermi energy corresponding to the depopulation of the upper spin
subband. The energy scale associated with the spin-orbit coupling controls the
strength of the effect. More in particular, we find that the detailed behavior
and the sign of the anisotropy depends on the underlying scattering mechanism.
Assuming small angle scattering to be the dominant scattering mechanism our
results agree with recent measurement on Si-MOSFET's in the vicinity of the
metal-insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5836 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Single Macromolecules and


  We introduce axiomatically a complete thermodynamic formalism for a single
macromolecule, either with or without detailed balance, in an isothermal
ambient fluid based on its stochastic dynamics. With detailed balance, the
novel theory yields mesoscopic, nonequilibrium generalizations for entropy and
free energy of the macromolecule. Mesoscopic energy and entropy fluctuate.
Expectation of entropy production equals zero if and only if the macromolecule
is at thermal equilibrium, in which we show entropy still fluctuates but free
energy is a constant. The entropy fluctuation a la L.D. Landau, precisely
matches the fluctuation in the internal energy, which in turn equals the
fluctuation in heat dissipation. As a generalization of Clausius' classic
result, the dynamic fluctuations in the entropy and energy of the macromolecule
are exactly compensated at thermal equilibrium. For systems with detailed
balance, Helmholtz free energy is shown to be the potential of Onsager's
thermodynamic force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149822 </DOCNO>
Matrix dynamics of fuzzy spheres


  We study the dynamics of fuzzy two-spheres in a matrix model which represents
string theory in the presence of RR flux. We analyze the stability of known
static solutions of such a theory which contain commuting matrices and SU(2)
representations. We find that irreducible as well as reducible representations
are stable. Since the latter are of higher energy, this stability poses a
puzzle. We resolve this puzzle by noting that reducible representations have
marginal directions corresponding to non-spherical deformations. We obtain new
static solutions by turning on these marginal deformations. These solutions now
have instability or tachyonic directions. We discuss condensation of these
tachyons which correspond to classical trajectories interpolating from
multiple, small fuzzy spheres to a single, large sphere. We briefly discuss
spatially independent configurations of a D3/D5 system described by the same
matrix model which now possesses a supergravity dual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5196 </DOCNO>
Photoluminescence Stokes shift and exciton fine structure in CdTe


  The photoluminescence spectra of spherical CdTe nanocrystals with zincblende
structure are studied by size-selective spectroscopic techniques. We observe a
resonant Stokes shift of 15 meV when the excitation laser energy is tuned to
the red side of the absorption band at 2.236 eV. The experimental data are
analyzed within a symmetry-based tight-binding theory of the exciton spectrum,
which is first shown to account for the size dependence of the fundamental gap
reported previously in the literature. The theoretical Stokes shift presented
as a function of the gap shows a good agreement with the experimental data,
indicating that the measured Stokes shift indeed arises from the electron-hole
exchange interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2014 </DOCNO>
Connecting the vulcanization transition to percolation


  The vulcanization transition is addressed via a minimal
replica-field-theoretic model. The appropriate long-wave-length behavior of the
two- and three-point vertex functions is considered diagrammatically, to all
orders in perturbation theory, and identified with the corresponding quantities
in the Houghton-Reeve-Wallace field-theoretic approach to the percolation
critical phenomenon. Hence, it is shown that percolation theory correctly
captures the critical phenomenology of the vulcanization transition associated
with the liquid and critical states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73900 </DOCNO>
Getting just the Standard Model at Intersecting Branes


  We present what we believe are the first specific string (D-brane)
constructions whose low-energy limit yields just a three generation
$SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ standard model with no extra fermions nor U(1)'s
(without any further effective field theory assumption). In these constructions
the number of generations is given by the number of colours. The Baryon, Lepton
and Peccei-Quinn symmetries are necessarily gauged and their anomalies
cancelled by a generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism.
  The corresponding gauge bosons become massive but their presence guarantees
automatically proton stability. There are necessarily three right-handed
neutrinos and neutrino masses can only be of Dirac type. They are naturally
small as a consequence of a PQ-like symmetry. There is a Higgs sector which is
somewhat similar to that of the MSSM and the scalar potential parameters have a
geometric interpretation in terms of brane distances and intersection angles.
Some other physical implications of these constructions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123465 </DOCNO>
Variable Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources Near the Galactic Plane


  In a recent paper, Romero et al. (1999) have presented the results of a
positional correlation analysis of the low-latitude unidentified gamma-ray
sources in the Third EGRET catalog with complete lists of galactic objects like
supernova remnants, early type stars with strong stellar winds, and OB
associations (considered as pulsar tracers). We have now carried out a study of
those 42 sources at |b|<10 deg for which no counterpart was found at all. A
variability analysis shows that this sample contains a population of sources
with high levels of variability at gamma-rays. The surface density of these
variable sources is 5 times higher than what is expected for unidentified AGNs
seen through the Galactic plane. We discuss the origin of this presumed
Galactic population of gamma-ray objects and the role that INTEGRAL could play
in their physical identification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125955 </DOCNO>
Influence of Expansion on Hierarchical Structure


  We study a one dimensional model of gravitational instability in an
Einstein-de Sitter universe. Scaling in both space and time results in an
autonomous set of coupled Poisson-Vlasov equations for the field and phase
space density, and the $N$-body problem. Using dynamical simulation, we find
direct evidence of hierarchical clustering. A multi-fractal analysis reveals a
bifractal geometry similar to that observed in the distribution of galaxies. To
demonstrate the role of scaling, we compare the system to other one dimensional
models recently employed to study structure formation. Finally we show that the
model yields an estimate of the time of galaxy formation of the correct order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96922 </DOCNO>
Approximating the limiting Quicksort distribution


  The limiting distribution of the normalized number of comparisons used by
Quicksort to sort an array of n numbers is known to be the unique fixed point
with zero mean of a certain distributional transformation S. We study the
convergence to the limiting distribution of the sequence of distributions
obtained by iterating the transformation S, beginning with a (nearly) arbitrary
starting distribution. We demonstrate geometrically fast convergence for
various metrics and discuss some implications for numerical calculations of the
limiting Quicksort distribution. Finally, we give companion lower bounds which
show that the convergence is not faster than geometric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98160 </DOCNO>
Exotic torsion, Frobenius splitting and the slope spectral sequence


  In this note we show that Frobenius split smooth, projective threefolds are
Hodge-Witt (using a criterion for the degeneration of the slope spectral
sequence of smooth projective threefolds which we prove), and that smooth,
projective Frobenius split varieties do not have exotic torsion in their slope
spectral sequence. We also record a few simple observations on Frobenius split
threefolds. This paper complements authors paper with C. S. Rajan ``On
Frobenius splitting and ordinarity'' which is also available on this archive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7547 </DOCNO>
Quantum phases of dipolar bosons in optical lattices


  The ground state of dipolar bosons placed in an optical lattice is analyzed.
We show that the modification of experimentally accessible parameters can lead
to the realization and control of different quantum phases, including
superfluid, supersolid, Mott insulator, checkerboard, and collapse phases.
Additionally, we analyze the stabilization and destabilization of a dipolar
Bose-Einstein condensate due to the presence of the lattice potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3184 </DOCNO>
Vibrational and acoustical properties of a liquid drop in the


  We study the oscillation spectrum and acoustic properties of a liquid drop in
the phase-separated fluid when the interfacial dynamics of phase conversion can
be described in terms of the kinetic growth coefficient. For a readily mobile
interface, i.e., as the growth coefficient becomes comparable with a reciprocal
of the acoustic impedance, anomalous behavior is found in the oscillation
spectrum of a drop as well as in the velocity and absorption of a sound wave
propagating through a suspension of drops in the two-phase system. Compared
with the known case of two immiscible fluids, the high interface mobility leads
to an anomalous softening of the radial drop pulsations and to the frequency-
and temperature-dependent behavior for the sound velocity and absorption
coefficient in a two-phase suspension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6840 </DOCNO>
A Zero-Temperature Study of Vortex Mobility in Two-Dimensional Vortex


  Three different vortex glass models are studied by examining the energy
barrier against vortex motion across the system. In the two-dimensional gauge
glass this energy barrier is found to increase logarithmically with system size
which is interpreted as evidence for a low-temperature phase with zero
resistivity. Associated with the large energy barriers is a breaking of
ergodicity which explains why the well established results from equilibrium
studies could fail. The behavior of the more realistic random pinning model is
however different with decreasing energy barriers a no finite critical
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2501 </DOCNO>
Rhodium Doped Manganites : Ferromagnetism and Metallicity


  The possibility to induce ferromagnetism and insulator to metal transitions
in small A site cation manganites Ln_{1-x}Ca_xMnO_3 by rhodium doping is shown
for the first time. Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) properties are evidenced
for a large compositional range (0.35 \leq x < 0.60). The ability of rhodium to
induce such properties is compared to the results obtained by chromium and
ruthenium doping. Models are proposed to explain this behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2057 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator transition in 2D: a role of the upper Habbard band


  To explain the main features of the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in 2D we
suggest a simple model taking into account strongly localized states in the
band tail of 2D conductivity band with a specific emphasize of a role of
doubly-occupied states (upper Hubbard band). The metallic behavior of
resistance is explained as result of activation of localized electrons to
conductance band leading to a suppression of non-linear screening of the
disorder potential. The magnetoresistance (MR) in the critical region is
related to depopulation of double occupied localized states also leading to
partial suppression of the nonlinear screening. The most informative data are
related to nearly activated temperature dependence of MR in strongly insulating
limit (which can be in particular reached from the metallic state in high
enough fields). According to our model this behavior originates due to a
lowering of a position of chemical potential in the upper Hubbard band due to
Zeeman splitting. We compare the theoretical predictions to the existing
experimental data and demonstrate that the model explains such features of the
2D MIT as scaling behavior in the critical region, saturation of MR and H/T
scaling of MR in the insulating limit. The quantitative analysis of MR in
strongly insulating limit based on the model suggested leads to the values of
g-factors being in good agreement with known values for localized states in
corresponding materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75889 </DOCNO>
N* Masses from an Anisotropic Lattice QCD Action


  We report N* masses in the spin 3/2 sector from a highly-improved anisotropic
action. States with both positive and negative parity are isolated via a parity
projection method. The extent to which spin projection is needed is examined.
The gross features of the splittings from the nucleon ground state show a trend
consistent with experimental results at the quark masses explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98877 </DOCNO>
Geometric quantization of mechanical systems with time-dependent


  Quantum systems with adiabatic classical parameters are widely studied, e.g.,
in the modern holonomic quantum computation. We here provide complete geometric
quantization of a Hamiltonian system with time-dependent parameters, without
the adiabatic assumption. A Hamiltonian of such a system is affine in the
temporal derivative of parameter functions. This leads to the geometric Berry
factor phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114280 </DOCNO>
Analytical calculation of the Peierls-Nabarro pinning barrier for


  Lattice effects on the kink families of two models for one-dimensional
nonlinear Klein-Gordon systems with double-well on-site potentials are
considered. The analytical expression of the generalized Peierls-Nabarro
pinning potential is obtained and confronted with numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81320 </DOCNO>
Light Quark Masses with $N_f=2$ Wilson Fermions


  We present new data on the mass of the light and strange quarks from
SESAM/T$\chi$L. The results were obtained on lattice-volumes of $16^3\times 32$
and $24^3\times 40$ points, with the possibility to investigate finite-size
effects. Since the SESAM/T$\chi$L ensembles at $\beta=5.6$ have been
complemented by configurations with $\beta=5.5$, moreover, we are now able to
attempt the continuum extrapolation (CE) of the quark masses with standard
Wilson fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148032 </DOCNO>
Test of Siegel Gauge for the Lump Solution


  We test the validity of the Siegel gauge condition for the lump solution of
cubic open bosonic string field theory by checking the equations of motion of
the string field components outside the Siegel gauge. At level (3,6)
approximation, the linear and quadratic terms of the equations of motion of
these fields are found to cancel within about 20%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126389 </DOCNO>
Multi-wavelength observations of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1900+14


  The soft-gamma repeater SGR 1900+14 became active on 18 April 2001 after
about two years of quiescence; it had remained at a very low state of activity
since the fall of 1998, when it exhibited extraordinary flaring. We have
observed the source in the gamma and X rays with Ulysses and Chandra, and in
the radio with MERLIN. We report here the confirmation of a two component X-ray
spectrum (power law + blackbody), indicating emission from the neutron star
surface. We have determined that there is a dust halo surrounding the source
that extends up to >~ 100'' from the center of SGR 1900+14, due to scattering
in the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76321 </DOCNO>
Analytic Form Factors of Hydrogenlike Atoms for Discrete-Continuum


  The new approach for calculation of transition form factors of hydrogenlike
atoms is proposed. The explicite expressions for form factors of transitions
from bound $nS$-states to continuum in terms of the classical polunomials are
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75290 </DOCNO>
A critique on the supplementary conditions of Rarita-Schwinger framework


  After a brief review of the celebrated 1941 paper of Rarita and Schwinger on
the theory of particles with half-integral spins, we present an {\em ab initio}
construct of the representation space relevant for the description of spin-3/2
particles. The chosen example case of spin-3/2 shows that covariance of a wave
equation, and that of the imposed supplementary conditions, alone is not a
sufficient criterion to guarantee the compatibility of a framework with
relativity -- a lesson already arrived by Velo and Zwanziger. Here this same
lesson is shown to be true at the level of the representation space without
invoking any interactions. The presented detailed analysis forces us to abandon
the single-spin interpretation of the Rarita and Schwinger framework, and
suggests a new interpretation that fully respects the relativity theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74731 </DOCNO>
Muon g-2 and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model


  The supersymmetric contribution to the muon g-2 is studied in light of the
finalization of the LEP electroweak precision data. The recent precise
measurement of the muon g-2 of E821 experiment is explained well by the
relatively light chargino and sleptons. We find that such the MSSM parameter
space is also favored from the electroweak precision data, in which the fit to
the data is better than that of the SM (\Delta \chi^2_{min} \sim -2), if the
lighter chargino has a mixed higgsino-wino character (\mu/M_2 \sim 1). The
models with light gauginos (\mu/M_2 > 10) or light higgsinos (\mu/M_2 < 0.1)
also show the better fit over the SM, but the improvement is marginal as
compared to the case of the mixed higgsino-wino case (\mu/M_2 \sim 1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75750 </DOCNO>
Lattice Matter


  I review recent developments in the study of strongly interacting field
theories with non-zero chemical potential mu. In particular I focus on (a) the
determination of the QCD critical endpoint in the (mu,T) plane; (b) superfluid
condensates in Two Color QCD; and (c) Fermi surface effects in the NJL model.
Some remarks are made concerning the relation of superconductivity with the
sign problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72552 </DOCNO>
Future Summary


  We are emerging from a period of consolidation in particle physics. Its
great, historic achievement was to establish the Theory of Matter. This Theory
will serve as our description of ordinary matter under ordinary conditions --
allowing for an extremely liberal definition of "ordinary -- for the
foreseeable future. Yet there are many indications, ranging from the numerical
to the semi-mystical, that a new fertile period lies before us. We will
discover compelling evidence for the unification of fundamental forces and for
new quantum dimensions (low-energy supersymmetry). We will identify new forms
of matter, which dominate the mass density of the Universe. We will achieve
much better fundamental understanding of the behavior of matter in extreme
astrophysical and cosmological environments. Lying beyond these expectations,
we can identify deep questions that seem to call for ideas outside our present
grasp. And there's still plenty of room for surprises.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129468 </DOCNO>
The HST survey of the B2 sample of radio-galaxies: optical nuclei and


  We examine the optical properties of the nuclei of low luminosity
radio-galaxies using snapshot HST images of the B2 sample. In agreement with
the results obtained from the analysis of the brighter 3C/FRI sample, we find a
correlation between fluxes (and luminosities) of the optical and radio cores.
This provides further support for the interpretation that the optical nuclear
emission in FRI is dominated by synchrotron emission and that accretion in
these sources takes place in a low efficiency radiative regime. In the
framework of the FRI/BL Lacs unified scheme, we find that the luminosity
difference between FRI and BL Lac nuclei can be reproduced with a common
beaming factor in both the radio and the optical band, independent of the
extended radio luminosity, thus supporting such a scenario. The corresponding
bulk Lorentz factor is significantly smaller than is expected from
observational and theoretical considerations in BL Lacs: this can be
interpreted as due to a velocity structure in the jet, with a fast spine
surrounded by a slower layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76110 </DOCNO>
Large Solar Neutrino Mixing and Radiative Neutrino Mechanism


  We find that the presence of a global $L_e-L_\mu-L_\tau$ ($\equiv L^\prime$)
symmetry and an $S_2$ permutation symmetry for the $\mu$- and $\tau$-families
supplemented by a discrete $Z_4$ symmetry naturally leads to almost maximal
atmospheric neutrino mixing and large solar neutrino mixing, which arise,
respectively, from type II seesaw mechanism initiated by an $S_2$-symmetric
triplet Higgs scalar $s$ with $L^\prime=2$ and from radiative mechanism of the
Zee type initiated by two singly charged scalars, an $S_2$-symmetric $h^+$ with
$L^\prime=0$ and an $S_2$-antisymmetric $h^{\prime +}$ with $L^\prime=2$. The
almost maximal mixing for atmospheric neutrinos is explained by the appearance
of the democratic coupling of $s$ to neutrinos ensured by $S_2$ and $Z_4$ while
the large mixing for solar neutrinos is explained by the similarity of $h^+$-
and $h^{\prime +}$-couplings described by $f^h_+\sim f^h_-$ and
$\mu_+\sim\mu_-$, where $f^h_+$ ($f^h_-$) and $\mu_+$ ($\mu_-$) stand for $h^+$
($h^{\prime +}$)-couplings, respectively, to leptons and to Higgs scalars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149448 </DOCNO>
Scattering of Noncommutative Solitons in 2+1 Dimensions


  Interactions of noncommutative solitons in a modified U(n) sigma model in 2+1
dimensions can be analyzed exactly. Using an extension of the dressing method,
we construct explicit time-dependent solutions of its noncommutative field
equation by iteratively solving linear equations. The approach is illustrated
by presenting bound states and right-angle scattering configurations for two
noncommutative solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2340 </DOCNO>
On metallic ferromagnetism of a generalized Hubbard model with


  In the paper a possibility of metallic ferromagnetic state realization in a
generalized Hubbard model with more complete accounting of electron-electron
interactions, in particular, the correlated hopping and exchange interaction
integrals is investigated. Recently obtained by means of mean-field
approximation single electron energy spectrum is used for the description of
finite temperature properties of the system. In the paper the expression for
the critical temperature of ferromagnet-paramagnet transition is found, the
behaviour of temperature dependencies of magnetization and paramagnetic
susceptibility is analyzed. Taking into account the correlated hopping allows
to explain some peculiarity of ferromagnetic behaviour of transition metals,
their alloys and compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97104 </DOCNO>
Integral-Input-Output to State Stability


  A notion of detectability for nonlinear systems is discussed. Within the
framework of ``input to state stability'' (ISS), a dual notion of ``output to
state stability'' (OSS), and a more complete detectability notion,
``input-output to state stability'' (IOSS) have appeared in the literature.
This note addresses a variant of the IOSS property, using an integral norm to
measure signals, as opposed to the standard supremum norm that appears in ISS
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179321 </DOCNO>
Pairing correlations. Part 2: Microscopic analysis of odd-even mass


  The odd-even mass staggering in nuclei is analyzed in the context of
self-consistent mean-field calculations, for spherical as well as for deformed
nuclei. For these nuclei, the respective merits of the energy differences
$\Delta^{(3)}$ and $\Delta^{(5)}$ to extract both the pairing gap and the
time-reversal symmetry breaking effect at the same time are extensively
discussed. The usual mass formula $\Delta^{(3)}$, is shown to contain
additional mean-field contributions when realistic pairing is used in the
calculation. A simple tool is proposed in order to remove time-reversal
symmetry breaking effects from $\Delta^{(5)}$. Extended comparisons with the
odd-even mass staggering obtained in the zero pairing limit (schematic model
and self-consistent calculations) show the non-perturbative contribution of
pairing correlations on this observable.
  PACS: 21.10Dr; 21.10.Hw; 21.30.-x.
  Keywords: Mean-field theories; Pairing correlations; Odd-even mass
staggering;

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83613 </DOCNO>
Secure Counting: counting members of a subset without revealing their


  Suppose there is a group of N people some of whom possess a specific
property. For example, their wealth is above or below a threshold, they voted
for a particular candidate, they have a certain disease, etc. The group wants
to find out how many of its members posses the property -- without revealing
the identities. Unless of course it turns out that all members do or do not
have the attribute of interest. However, in all other cases the counting
algorithm should guarantee that nobody can find out if a particular individual
possesses the property unless all the other N-1 members of the group collude.
   The present article describes a method to solve the confidential counting
problem with only 3*N-2 pairwise communications, or 2*N broadcasts (the last
N-1 pairwise communications are merely to announce the result). The counting
algorithm does not require any trusted third parties. All communications
between parties involved can be conducted in public without compromising the
security of counting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1466 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity at 49 K in copper doping magnesium diboride


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author(s) because some experimental
results have not been checked by the last two authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74820 </DOCNO>
Chiral quark models with non-local separable interactions at finite


  Chiral quark models with non-local covariant separable interactions at finite
temperature and chemical potential are investigated. We develop a formalism in
which the different quark properties are evaluated taking into account the
analytic structure of the quark propagator. In this framework we study the
chiral restoration phase transition for several definite non-local regulators,
including that arising within the instanton liquid picture. We find that in all
cases the chiral transition is of first order for low values of T, turning into
a smooth crossover at a certain "end point". Using model parameters which lead
to the physical pion mass and decay constant, we find for the position of this
"end point" the values (T_E, mu_E) approx. (60-70, 180-210) MeV. We also
discuss the special relevance of the first poles of the quark propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149817 </DOCNO>
Standard Cosmology in the DGP Brane Model


  Large extra dimensions provide interesting extensions of our parameter space
for gravitational theories. There exist now brane models which can perfectly
reproduce standard four-dimensional Friedmann cosmology. These models are not
motivated by observations, but they can be helpful in developing new approaches
to the dimensionality problem in string theory.
  I describe the embedding of standard Friedmann cosmology in the DGP model,
and in particular the realization of our current (dust+Lambda)-dominated
universe in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123952 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Stars Common to the IRAS and HIPPARCOS Surveys


  For about 11,000 stars observed in the HIPPARCOS Survey and detected by IRAS
we calculate bolometric luminosities by integrating their spectral energy
distributions from the B band to far-IR wavelengths. We present an analysis of
the dependence of dust emission on spectral type and correlations between the
luminosity and dust emission for about 1000 sources with the best data
(parallax error less than 30%, error in luminosity of about 50% or better).
This subsample includes stars of all spectral types and is dominated by K and M
giants.
  We use the IRAS [25]-[12] color to select stars with emission from
circumstellar dust and show that they are found throughout the
Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, including on the main sequence. Clear evidence is
found that M giants with dust emission have luminosities about 3 times larger
(about 3000 Lsun) than their counterparts without dust, and that mass loss on
the asymptotic giant branch for both M and C stars requires a minimum
luminosity of order 2000 Lsun. Above this threshold the mass-loss rate seems to
be independent of, or only weakly dependent on, luminosity. We also show that
the mass-loss rate for these stars is larger than the core mass growth rate,
indicating that their evolution is dominated by mass loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73386 </DOCNO>
Exclusive decay of $J/\Psi$ into a lepton pair combined with light


  We study the exclusive decay of $J/\Psi$ into a lepton pair combined with
light hadrons in the kinematic region, specified by that the total energy of
the light hadrons is much smaller than $m_c$, the mass of the $c$-quark. In
this region, the nonperturbaive effect related to $J/\Psi$ and that related to
the light hadrons can be separated, the former is represented by a NRQCD matrix
element, while the later is represented by a matrix element of a correlator of
electric chromofields. The results are obtained in a axial gauge by assumming
that contributions from two-gluon emmssion are dominant. But we can show that
these results can be obtained without the assumption in arbitrary gauges. A
discussion of the results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74590 </DOCNO>
The MSSM invisible Higgs in the light of dark matter and g-2


  Giving up the assumption of the gaugino mass unification at the GUT scale,
the latest LEP and Tevatron data still allow the lightest supersymmetric Higgs
to have a large branching fraction into invisible neutralinos. Such a Higgs may
be difficult to discover at the LHC and is practically unreachable at the
Tevatron. We argue that, for some of these models to be compatible with the
relic density, light sleptons with masses not far above the current limits are
needed. There are however models that allow for larger sleptons masses without
being in conflict with the relic density constraint. This is possible because
these neutralinos can annihilate efficiently through a Z-pole. We also find
that many of these models can nicely account, at the 2\sigma level, for the
discrepancy in the latest g-2 measurement. However, requiring consistency with
the g-2 at the 1\sigma level, excludes models that lead to the largest Higgs
branching fraction into LSP's. In all cases one expects that even though the
Higgs might escape detection, one would have a rich SUSY phenomenology even at
the Tevatron, through the production of charginos and neutralinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2849 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Non-equilibrium Electron Distribution in Presence of Kondo


  An inadequate approximation and its consequences as well as an incorrect
statement made in cond-mat/0102150v2 are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98844 </DOCNO>
Leafwise smoothing laminations


  We show that every topological surface lamination of a 3-manifold M is
isotopic to one with smoothly immersed leaves. This carries out a project
proposed by Gabai in [Problems in foliations and laminations, AMS/IP Stud. Adv.
Math. 2.2 1--33]. Consequently any such lamination admits the structure of a
Riemann surface lamination, and therefore useful structure theorems of Candel
[Uniformization of surface laminations, Ann. Sci. Ecole Norm. Sup. 26 (1993)
489--516] and Ghys [Dynamique et geometrie complexes, Panoramas et Syntheses 8
(1999)] apply.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95752 </DOCNO>
Towards an implementation of the B-H algorithm for recognizing the


  In their paper `A new algorithm for recognizing the unknot', in Geometry and
Topology', 2 (1998) n. 9, 175-220, the first author and Michael Hirsch
presented a then new algorithm for recognizing the unknot. The first part of
the algorithm required the systematic enumeration of all discs which support a
`braid foliation' and are embeddable in 3-space. The boundaries of these
`foliated embeddable discs' (FED's) are the collection of all closed braid
representatives of the unknot, up to conjugacy, and the second part of the
algorithm produces a word in the generators of the braid group which represents
the boundary of the previously listed FED's. The third part tests whether a
given closed braid is conjugate to the boundary of a FED on the list. In this
paper we describe implementations of the first and second parts of the
algorithm. We also give some of the data which we obtained. The data suggest
that FED's have unexplored and interesting structure. Open questions are
interspersed throughout the manuscript. The third part of the algorithm was
studied by the first author, H. K. Ko and S. J. Lee in their paper `A new
approach to the word and conjugacy problems in the braid groups', in `Advances
in Mathematics', 139 (1998), 322-353, and in their preprint `The infimum,
supremum and geodesic length of a braid conjugacy class',
arXiv:math.GT/0003125, and implemented by S. J. Lee in his preprint
`Implementation of an algorithm for solving the conjugacy problem in the braid
groups' (sangjin@knot.kaist.ac.kr). At this writing his algorithm is polynomial
for n less than or equal to 4 and exponential for n greater than or equal to 5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125137 </DOCNO>
The Contribution of Population III to the Enrichment and Preheating of


  Intracluster medium (ICM) abundances are higher than expected assuming
enrichment by supernovae with progenitors belonging to the simple stellar
population (SSP) observed in cluster galaxies, if stars formed with a standard
initial mass function (IMF). Moreover, new results on ICM oxygen abundances
imply that nucleosynthesis occurred with nonstandard yields. The hypothesis
that hypernovae (HN) in general, and HN associated with Population III (Pop
III) stars in particular, may significantly contribute to ICM enrichment is
presented and evaluated. The observed abundance anomalies can be explained by a
hypernovae-producing subpopulation of the SSP, but only if it accounts for half
of all supernova explosions and if Type Ia supernova rates are very low. Also,
the implied energy release may be excessive. However, an independent Pop III
contribution -- in the form of metal-free, very massive stars that evolve into
hypernovae -- can also account for all the observed abundances, while avoiding
these drawbacks and accommodating a normal IMF in subsequent stellar
generations. The required number of Pop III stars provides sufficient energy
injection (at high redshift) to explain the ICM ``entropy floor''. Pop III
hypernova pre-enrich the intergalactic medium, and can produce a significant
fraction of the metals observed in the Lyman-alpha forest. Several testable
predictions for ICM and IGM observations are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 990 </DOCNO>
Singlet Ground State and Magnetization Plateaus in Ba$_3$Mn$_2$O$_8$


  Magnetic susceptibility and the magnetization process have been measured in
\green polycrystal. In this compound, the magnetic manganese ion exists as
Mn$^{5+}$ in a tetrahedral environment, and thus the magnetic interaction can
be described by an S=1 Heisenberg model. The ground state was found to be a
spin singlet with an excitation gap $\Delta/k_{\rm B}=11.2$ K. Magnetization
plateaus were observed at zero and at half of the saturation magnetization.
These results indicate that the present system can be represented by a coupled
antiferromagnetic dimer model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1431 </DOCNO>
Nature and number of distinct phases in the random field Ising model


  We investigate the phase structure of the random-field Ising model with a
bimodal random field distribution. Our aim is to test for the possibility of an
equilibrium spin-glass phase, and for replica symmetry breaking (RSB) within
such a phase. We study a low-temperature region where the spin-glass phase is
thought to occur, but which has received little numerical study to date. We use
the exchange Monte-Carlo technique to acquire equilibrium information about the
model, in particular the $P(q)$ distribution and the spectrum of eigenvalues of
the spin-spin correlation matrix (which tests for the presence of RSB). Our
studies span the range in parameter space from the ferromagnetic to the
paramagnetic phase. We find however no convincing evidence for any equilibrium
glass phase, with or without RSB, between these two phases. Instead we find
clear evidence (principally from the $P(q)$ distribution) that there are only
two phases at this low temperature, with a discontinuity in the magnetization
at the transition like that seen at other temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 658 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Evidence for Coexistence of the Gap and the Pseudogap in


  It is argued that the superconducting and pseudogaps represent different
coexisting phenomena, and this observation speaks against the
precursor-superconductivity scenario of the pseudogap; see, V.M. Krasnov et
al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5860 (2000). We present brief comments showing that
the experimental facts of this paper do not contradict to the observations that
the pseudogap in underdoped Bi-2212 smoothly evolves into a pseudogap above
critical temperature $T_c$, and the large energy gap below $T_c$ is mainly of
superconducting origin. We show that appearance of this pseudogap is closely
related to a new energy scale observed recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75191 </DOCNO>
Squeezing lepton pairs out of broken symmetries


  We discuss two possible signatures of symmetry breaking that can appear in
dilepton spectra, as measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The first
involves scalar-vector meson mixing and is related to the breaking of Lorentz
symmetry by a hot medium. The second is related to the breaking of Furry's
theorem by a charged quark-gluon plasma. Those signals will be accessible to
upcoming measurements to be performed at the GSI, RHIC, and the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124781 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Balmer Absorption Line Strengths in E/S0 Galaxies from


  We present new results from a systematic study of absorption line strengths
of galaxies in clusters approaching redshifts of unity. In this paper, we
specifically compare the strengths of the high-order Balmer absorption features
of Hgamma and Hdelta in E/S0s in the four clusters Abell 2256 (z=0.06),
CL1358+62 (z=0.33), MS2053--04 (z=0.58), and MS1054--03 (z=0.83). By comparing
the correlation of Balmer line strength with velocity dispersion for E/S0s in
the three clusters, we find moderate evolution in the zero-point of the
(Hdelta_A+Hgamma_A)-sigma relation with redshift. The trend is consistent with
passive evolution of old stellar populations. Under the assumption that the
samples can be compared directly, we use single-burst stellar population
synthesis models to constrain the last major occurrences of star-formation in
the observed E/S0s to be z_f > 2.5 (95% confidence). We have compared the
evolution of the Balmer absorption with the evolution of the B-band fundamental
plane and find that simple stellar population models agree very well with the
data. While the best agreement occurs with a low value for Omega_m, the data
provide strong confirmation of the time-evolution in recent stellar population
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125247 </DOCNO>
GRBs, Fireballs and Precessing Gamma Jets


  Fireballs are huge isotropic explosions models widely believed to explain
Gamma Ray Burst, GRBs (Piran,1999); ever-new versions consider wide beamed
(10^o) Jet explosions hitting external shells. On the contrary, since
1994-1998, we argued (Fargion 1995-2000; see also Blackman et all.1996) that
GRBs (as well as Soft Gamma Repeaters SGR) are spinning and precessing Gamma
Jets, produced by collimated e^+,e^- Jet via Inverse Compton Scattering, in a
very narrow (0.1^o) angles, blazing and flashing the observer. The Jet arises
in Super-Nova (SN) explosions; its energy decays slowly from earliest SN powers
(corresponding to GRB) toward lower stable power as Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGR)
regimes. GRBs and SGRs shared (sometimes) same spectra and time structure: then
SGRs are low-power GRBs, but without SN relics (or GRB afterglows, signatures
of Jets in SN-GRBs). Moreover weak isolated X-ray precursor signals,(such as
GRB980519, GRB981226,GRB000131), corresponding to huge isotropic, sim 10^{47}
erg s^{-1}, followed by the extreme GRB, sim {10^{52}} erg s^{-1} powers,
disagree with any Fireball explosive scenarios. We naturally interpret these
X-Ray precursors as rare earliest marginal blazes of outlying X conical
precessing Jet tails, surrounding the gamma Jet, later hitting in-axis as a
GRB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95641 </DOCNO>
Density of monodromy actions on non-abelian cohomology


  In this paper we study the monodromy action on the first Betti and de Rham
non-abelian cohomology arising from a family of smooth curves. We describe
sufficient conditions for the existence of a Zariski dense monodromy orbit. In
particular we show that for a Lefschetz pencil of sufficiently high degree the
monodromy action is dense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96543 </DOCNO>
Conformally invariant differential operators on tensor densities


  Let ${\cal F}_\lambda$ be the space of tensor densities on ${\bf R}^n$ of
degree $\lambda$ (or, equivalently, of conformal densities of degree
$-\lambda{}n$) considered as a module over the Lie algebra $so(p+1,q+1)$. We
classify $so(p+1,q+1)$-invariant bilinear differential operators from ${\cal
F}_\lambda\otimes{\cal F}_\mu$ to~${\cal F}_\nu$. The classification of linear
$so(p+1,q+1)$-invariant differential operators from ${\cal F}_\lambda$ to
${\cal F}_\mu$ already known in the literature is obtained in a different
manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74292 </DOCNO>
Natural Quintessence with Gauge Coupling Unification


  We show that a positive accelerating universe can be obtained simply by the
dynamics of a non-abelian gauge group. It is the condensates of the chiral
fields that obtain a negative power potential, below the condensation scale,
and allow for a quintessence interpretation of these fields. The only free
parameters in this model are $N_c$ and $N_f$ and the number of dynamically
gauge singlet bilinear fields $\phi$ generated below the condensation scale. We
show that it is possible to have unification of all coupling constants,
including the standard and non standard model couplings, while having an
acceptable phenomenology of $\phi$ as the cosmological constant. This is done
without any fine tuning of the initial conditions. The problem of coincidence
(why the universe has only recently started an accelerating period) is not
solved but it is put at the same level as what the particle content of the
standard model is.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5012 </DOCNO>
Dielectric signatures of lattice instabilities at 32K and 245K in


  New dielectric transitions are observed at common temperatures 32K and 245K,
in isostructural $La_{2}CuO_{4+x}$ and $La_{5/3}Sr_{1/3}NiO_{4},$ that are
signatures of local lattice (octahedral) instabilities. The present dielectric
transitions reveal new aspects of the phase diagram of the perovskite cuprates
and nickelates. They suggest that competition and coexistence of
superconductivity with dielectricity occurs that is analogous to that between
superconductivity and anti-ferromagnetism. These results also indicate that
inhomogeneous electronic states, such as charge stripes and oxygen ordering,
are strongly connected to underlying lattice instabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149764 </DOCNO>
Branes and Brane Worlds in M-Theory


  A new class of warped Anti-de Sitter solutions is found, arising as the
near-horizon region of various semi-localized brane intersections. The dual
gauge theories of AdS in warped spacetimes have reduced supersymmetry, which is
pertinent to the study of viable supersymmetric extensions of the Standard
Model. In addition, various supergravity solutions are probed via the
absorption of various fields. In particular, we calculate exact absorption
probabilities which provide finite-energy probes of supergravity solutions away
from the conformal limit. Lastly, we discuss how brane world scenarios may
arise from the near-horizon region of various p-brane configurations. Motivated
by the dual non-commutative gauge theory, it is shown how a background B field
mimics a negative four-dimensional cosmological constant, such that in both
cases there is a massive four-dimensional graviton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98195 </DOCNO>
Multiple Dirichlet series and moments of zeta and L-functions


  This paper develops an analytic theory of Dirichlet series in several complex
variables which possess sufficiently many functional equations. In the first
two sections it is shown how straightforward conjectures about the meromorphic
continuation and polar divisors of certain such series imply, as a consequence,
precise asymptotics (previously conjectured via random matrix theory) for
moments of zeta functions and quadratic L-series. As an application of the
theory, in a third section, we obtain the current best known error term for
mean values of cubes of central values of Dirichlet L-series. The methods
utilized to derive this result are the convexity principle for functions of
several complex variables combined with a knowledge of groups of functional
equations for certain multiple Dirichlet series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 746 </DOCNO>
Study of atomic motions in EuBCO using Moessbauer and EXAFS


  We report temperature-dependent Moessbauer and EXAFS measurements of atomic
mean square displacements on different samples of EuBCO. Our results indicate
that the collective atomic motions are characterised by large-amplitude
anharmonic oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114117 </DOCNO>
Total spectrum of photon emission by an ultra-relativistic positron


  We present the results of numerical calculations of the channelling and
undulator radiation generated by an ultra-relativistic positron channelling
along a crystal plane, which is periodically bent. The bending might be due
either to the propagation of a transverse acoustic wave through the crystal, or
due to the static strain as it occurs in superlattices. The periodically bent
crystal serves as an undulator. We investigate the dependence of the
intensities of both the ordinary channelling and the undulator radiations on
the parameters of the periodically bent channel with simultaneous account for
the dechannelling effect of the positrons. We demonstrate that there is a range
of parameters in which the undulator radiation dominates over the channelling
one and the characteristic frequencies of both types of radiation are well
separated. This result is important, because the undulator radiation can be
used to create a tunable source of X-ray and gamma-radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97545 </DOCNO>
Field of moduli and field of definition of Galois covers


  In this paper we investigate the cohomological obstruction for the field of
moduli of a $G$-cover to be a field of definition, in the case of local fields
and covers with tame admissible reduction. This applies in particular to
$p$-adic fields where $p$ does not divide the order of the group $G$. We give
examples of $G$-covers with field of moduli $\QQ_p$ that cannot be defined over
$\QQ_p$, for all primes $p>5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179477 </DOCNO>
Low momentum nucleon-nucleon potential and shell model effective


  A low momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential $V_{low-k}$ is derived from
meson exhange potentials by integrating out the model dependent high momentum
modes of $V_{NN}$. The smooth and approximately unique $V_{low-k}$ is used as
input for shell model calculations instead of the usual Brueckner $G$ matrix.
Such an approach eliminates the nuclear mass dependence of the input
interaction one finds in the $G$ matrix approach, allowing the same input
interaction to be used in different nuclear regions. Shell model calculations
of $^{18}$O and $^{134}$Te using the {\bf same} input $V_{low-k}$ have been
performed. For cut-off momentum $\Lambda$ in the vicinity of 2 $fm^{-1}$, our
calculated low-lying spectra for these nuclei are in good agreement with
experiments, and are weakly dependent on $\Lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85884 </DOCNO>
Spatially Homogeneous Dynamics: A Unified Picture


  The Einstein equations for a perfect fluid spatially homogeneous spacetime
are studied in a unified manner by retaining the generality of certain
parameters whose discrete values correspond to the various Bianchi types of
spatial homogeneity. A parameter-dependent decomposition of the metric
variables adapted to the symmetry breaking effects of the nonabelian Bianchi
types on the "free dynamics" leads to a reduction of the equations of motion
for those variables to a 2-dimensional time-dependent Hamiltonian system
containing various time-dependent potentials which are explicitly described and
diagrammed. These potentials are extremely useful in deducing the gross
features of the evolution of the metric variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128612 </DOCNO>
The relation between far-UV and visible extinctions


  For directions of sufficcient reddening (E(B-V) >~ 0.25), there is a simple
relation between the slope of the extinction curve in the far-UV and E(B-V).
Regardless of direction, the far-UV extinction curve is proportional to
1/lambda^n exp(-2e(B-V)/lambda) (lambda in micron, n = 4), in accordance with
the idea that reddened stars spectra are contaminated by scattered light
(Zagury, 2001b).
  This relation is not compatible with the standard theory of extinction which
states that far-UV and visible extinctions are due to different classes of
grains. In the standard theory model the two (far-UV and visible) extinctions
vary thus independently according to the proportion of each type of grains.
  In preceding papers I have shown that the standard theory cannot explain UV
observations of nebulae, and is contradicted by the UV spectra of stars with
very low reddening: for how long shall the standard theory be considered as the
interpretation of the extinction curve?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75724 </DOCNO>
A Canonical Hamiltonian Derivation of Hawking Radiation


  We present a derivation of Hawking radiation based on canonical quantization
of a massless scalar field in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole
using Lemaitre coordinates and show that in these coordinates the Hamiltonian
of the massless field is time-dependent. This result exhibits the non-static
nature of the problem and shows it is better to talk about the time dependence
of physical quantities rather than the existence of a time-independent vacuum
state for the massless field. We then demonstrate the existence of Hawking
radiation and show that despite the fact that the flux looks thermal to an
outside observer, the time evolution of the massless field is unitary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169218 </DOCNO>
A New Proof of the Direct Part of Stein's Lemma in Quantum Hypothesis


  The direct part of Stein's lemma in quantum hypothesis testing is revisited
based on a key operator inequality between a density operator and its pinching.
The operator inequality is used to show a simple proof of the direct part of
Stein's lemma without using Hiai-Petz's theorem, along with an operator
monotone function, and in addition it is also used to show a new proof of
Hiai-Petz's theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125356 </DOCNO>
The Temperature Distribution in Turbulent Interstellar Gas


  We discuss the temperature distribution in a two-dimensional, thermally
unstable numerical simulation of the warm and cold gas in the Galactic disk,
including the magnetic field, self-gravity, the Coriolis force, stellar energy
injection and a realistic cooling function. We find that ~50% of the turbulent
gas mass has temperatures in what would be the thermally unstable range if
thermal instability were to be considered alone. This appears to be a
consequence of there being many other forces at play than just thermal
pressure. We also point out that a bimodal temperature pdf is a simple
consequence of the form of the interstellar cooling function and is not
necessarily a signature of discontinuous phase transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128248 </DOCNO>
A new galaxy near the Local Group in Draco


  We present HST WFPC2 and ground-based images of the low surface brightness
dwarf Irr/Sph galaxy KKR~25 in Draco. Its colour-magnitude diagram shows red
giant branch stars with the tip at I = 22.32 mag, and the presence of some blue
stars. The derived true distance modulus, 26.35 \+- 0.14 mag, corresponds to
linear distances of KKR25 from the Milky Way and from the Local Group centroid
of 1.86 and 1.79 Mpc, respectively. The absolute magnitude of the galaxy, M_V =
-10.48, its linear diameter (0.54 Kpc) and central surface brightness (24.0 +-
0.2 mag\arcsec^2) are typical of other dIrr/dSphs in the Local Group. Being
situated just beyond the radius of the zero-velocity surface of the Local
Group, KKR25 moves away from the LG centroid at a velocity of V_{LG} = + 72
km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125639 </DOCNO>
The symbiotic star CH Cygni. I. Non-thermal bipolar jets


  VLA surface brightness and spectral index maps of the evolving extended
emission of the triple symbiotic star CH Cygni are presented. These are derived
from observations at 4.8, 8.4 and 14GHz between 1985 and 1999. The maps are
dominated by thermal emission around the central bright peak of the nebula, but
we also find unambiguous non-thermal emission associated with the extended
regions. Our observations confirm that this is a jet. The central region has
been associated with the stellar components through HST imaging. If the jets
are due to ejection events at outburst, expansion velocities are consistent
with those from other measurement methods. We propose that the non-thermal
emission is caused by material ejected in the bipolar jets interacting with the
circumstellar wind envelope. The resulting shocks lead to local enhancements in
the magnetic field from the compact component of the order 3mG.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149009 </DOCNO>
Open/Closed String Dualities and Seiberg Duality from Geometric


  We propose a general method to study open/closed string dualities from
transitions in M theory which is valid for a large class of geometrical
configurations. By T-duality we can transform geometrically engineered
configurations into N = 1 brane configurations and study the transitions of the
corresponding branes by lifting the configurations to M-theory. We describe the
transformed degenerated M5 branes and extract the field theory information on
gluino condensation by factorization of the Seiberg-Witten curve. We also
include massive flavors and orientifolds and discuss Seiberg duality which
appears in this case as a birational flop. After the transition, the Seiberg
duality becomes an abelian electric-magnetic duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127918 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis Clocks and the Age of the Galaxy


  Nucleocosmochronology involves the use of the abundances of radioactive
nuclear species and their radiogenic decay daughters to establish the finite
age of the elements and the time scale for their formation. While there exist
radioactive products of several specific nucleosynthesis mechanisms that can
reveal the histories of these mechanisms, it is the long lived actinide
isotopes {232}Th, {235}U, and {238}U, formed in the r-process, that currently
play the major role in setting the time scale of Galactic nucleosynthesis. Age
determinations in the context of Galactic chemical evolution studies are
constrained by intrinsic model uncertainties. Recent studies have rather taken
the alternative approach of dating individual stars. Thorium/europium dating of
field halo stars and globular cluster stars yields ages on the order of 15 +/-
4 Gyr. A solid lower limit on stellar ages is available as well, for stars for
which one both knows the thorium abundance and has an upper limit on the
uranium abundance. For the cases of the two extremely metal deficient field
halo stars CS 22892-052 and HD 115444, lower limits on the nuclear age of
Galactic matter lie in the range 10-11 Gyr. Th/U dating of the star CS 31082-00
gives an age of 12.5 +/- 3 Gyr. Observations of thorium and uranium abundances
in globular cluster stars should make possible nuclear determinations of the
ages of clusters that can be compared with ages from conventional stellar
evolution considerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73400 </DOCNO>
On the flavor mixing by a Light-Cone Hamiltonian and the isotopic spin


  The structure of an effective light-cone Hamiltonian as recently derived is
analyzed with emphasis on its prediction for flavor mixing in physical mesons.
In a (perhaps over-simplified) model with one adjustable parameter, the
empirical masses of all 25 pseudo-scalar mesons which are possible for 5
flavors are reproduced (almost) quantitatively. These results are coupled with
explicit numerical estimates of flavor mixing. In the present approach, the
well-known mass degeneracy of the pion triplet is caused by the mass degeneracy
of the up and down quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86394 </DOCNO>
Support for a prosaic explanation for the anomalous acceleration of


  Anderson, et al., find the measured trajectories of Pioneer 10 and 11
spacecraft deviate from the trajectories computed from known forces acting on
them. This unmodelled acceleration can be accounted for by non-isotropic
radiation of spacecraft heat. This explanation was first proposed by Murphy,
but Anderson, et al. felt it could not explain the observed effect. This paper
includes new calculations on the expected magnitude of this effect, based on
the relative emissivities of the different sides of the spacecraft, as
estimated from the known spacecraft construction. The calculations indicate the
proposed effect can account for most, if not all, of the unmodelled
acceleration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124847 </DOCNO>
The Sun as an X-ray Star: III. Flares


  In previous works we have developed a method to convert solar X-ray data,
collected with the Yohkoh/SXT, into templates of stellar coronal observations.
Here we apply the method to several solar flares, for comparison with stellar
X-ray flares. Eight flares, from weak (GOES class C5.8) to very intense ones
(X9) are selected as representative of the flaring Sun. The emission measure
distribution vs. temperature, EM(T), of the flaring regions is derived from
Yohkoh/SXT observations in the rise, peak and decay of the flares. The EM(T) is
rather peaked and centered around $T \approx 10^7$ K for most of the time.
Typically, it grows during the rise phase of the flare, and then it decreases
and shifts toward lower temperatures during the decay, more slowly if there is
sustained heating. The most intense flare we studied shows emission measure
even at very high temperature ($T \approx 10^8$ K). Time-resolved X-ray spectra
both unfiltered and filtered through the instrumental responses of the
non-solar instruments ASCA/SIS and ROSAT/PSPC are then derived. Synthesized
ASCA/SIS and ROSAT/PSPC spectra are generally well fitted with single thermal
components at temperatures close to that of the EM(T) maximum, albeit two
thermal components are needed to fit some flare decays. ROSAT/PSPC spectra show
that solar flares are in a two-orders of magnitude flux range ($10^6 - 10^8$
erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) and a narrow PSPC hardness ratio range, however higher
than that of typical non-flaring solar-like stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149632 </DOCNO>
Anti-de Sitter Black Hole Thermodynamics in Higher Derivative Gravity


  The thermodynamics of d5 AdS BHs with positive, negative or zero curvature
spatial section in higher derivative (HD) gravity is described. HD contribution
to free energy may change its sign which leads to more complicated regime for
Hawking-Page phase transitions. Some variant of d5 HD gravity is dual to ${\cal
N}=2$ $Sp(N)$ SCFT up to the next-to-leading order in large $N$. Then,
according to Witten interpretation the stable AdS BH phase corresponds to
deconfinement while global AdS phase corresponds to confinement. Unlike to
Einstein gravity in HD theory the critical $N$ appears. It may influence the
phase transition structure. In particulary, what was confining phase above the
critical value becomes the deconfining phase below it and vice-versa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123554 </DOCNO>
Evolution from OB Associations and Moving Groups to the Field Population


  If we want to understand the evolution from star clusters to the Galactic
field star population, the Solar neighbourhood is an ideal place to start. It
contains objects from dense, very young clusters to old and almost dissolved
moving groups. I describe the observational evidence for the ongoing
dissolution of OB associations and open clusters. Subsequently, the
interpretation of the local phase space distribution of stars in terms of old
moving groups is discussed, emphasising the present limitations. Finally, I
discuss future observational requirements and the possibilities offered by
upcoming astrometric space missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114401 </DOCNO>
A Prototype of the UAL 2.0 Application Toolkit


  The paper presents a prototype of the accelerator commissioning and
simulation application toolkit based on the Unified Accelerator Libraries (UAL)
framework. The existing UAL 1.x environment has been implemented as an open
collection of C++ and Perl packages that address various tasks of accelerator
physics. The UAL 2.0 application toolkit has been developing on the top of the
Java infrastructure for integrating it with distributed accelerator control
systems. The core part of the toolkit is composed of the Common Accelerator
Objects (such as Accelerator, Algorithms, etc.) that form the framework for
developing project-specific applications. The toolkit environment is not only
limited to Java applications, but also supports the development and integration
of high-level scripting codes (e.g. Java Python scripts) and existing C/C++
libraries. The configuration and navigation of the project-specific application
system is provided by the XML-based Application Manager.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169165 </DOCNO>
Conditions for complex spectra in a class of PT symmetric potentials


  We study a wide class of solvable PT symmetric potentials in order to
identify conditions under which these potentials have regular solutions with
complex energy. Besides confirming previous findings for two potentials, most
of our results are new. We demonstrate that the occurrence of conjugate energy
pairs is a natural phenomenon for these potentials. We demonstrate that the
present method can readily be extended to further potential classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83838 </DOCNO>
Competition and Commons: The Post-Telecom Act Public Interest, in and


  In asserting a competitive market environment as a justification for
regulatory forbearance, the Telecommunications Act of 1996 finally articulated
a clear standard for the FCC's public interest standard, one of the most
protean concepts in communications. This seeming clarity has not, however,
inhibited intense political conflict over the term. This paper examines public
and regulatory debate over the AOL Time Warner merger as an example of the way
in which the linkage between competitions and commons policy becomes relevant
to communications policy, particularly in relation to mass media, and discusses
interpretations of the public interest in the current FCC. The paper proposes
that the Telecom Act's goal of fostering economic competition among information
service providers, and the democratic ideal of nurturing public relationships
and behaviors can be linked. Competition policy that creates the opportunity
for untrammeled interactivity also provides a sine qua non to nurture the
social phenomenon of the commons. The linked concepts of competition and
commons could also provide useful ways to interpret the public interest in
policy arenas as spectrum allocation and intellectual property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96095 </DOCNO>
On the uniform distribution of rational inputs with respect to condition


  We show that rational data of bounded input length are uniformly distributed
with respect to condition numbers of numerical analysis. We deal both with
condition numbers of Linear Algebra and with condition numbers for systems of
multivariate polynomial equations. For instance, we show that for any $w>1$ and
for any $n\times n$ rational matrix $M$ of bit length $O(n^4\log n) + \log w$,
the condition number $k(M)$ satisfies $k(M) \leq w n^{5/2}$ with probability at
least $1-2w^{-1}$. Similar estimates are shown for the condition number
$\mu_{norm}$ of M. Shub and S. Smale when applied to systems of multivariate
homogeneous polynomial equations of bounded input length. Finally we apply
these techniques to show the probability distribution of the precision (number
of bits of the denominator) required to write down approximate zeros of affine
systems of multivariate polynomial equations of bounded input length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81362 </DOCNO>
The Pion Light-Cone Wave Function Phi_pi on the lattice: a partonic


  We determine the conditions required to study the pion light-cone wave
function Phi_pi with a new method: a direct display of the partons constituting
the pion. We present the preliminary results of a lattice computation of Phi_pi
following this direction. An auxiliary scalar-quark is introduced. The
spectroscopy of its bound states is studied. We observe some indications of a
partonic behavior of the system of this scalar-quark and the anti-quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99109 </DOCNO>
Subalgebras of group cohomology defined by infinite loop spaces


  We study natural subalgebras Ch_E(G) of group cohomology defined in terms of
infinite loop spaces E and give representation theoretic descriptions of those
based on QS^0 and the Johnson-Wilson theories E(n). We describe the subalgebras
arising from the Brown-Peterson spectra BP and as a result give a simple
reproof of Yagita's theorem that the image of BP^*(BG) in H^*(BG;F_p) is
F-isomorphic to the whole cohomology ring; the same result is shown to hold
with BP replaced by any complex oriented theory E with a map of ring spectra
from E to HF_p which is non-trivial in homotopy. We also extend the
constructions to define subalgebras of H^*(X;F_p) for any space X; when X is
finite we show that the subalgebras Ch_{E(n)}(X) give a natural unstable
chromatic filtration of H^*(X;F_p).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4315 </DOCNO>
On phases in weakly interacting finite Bose systems


  We study precursors of thermal phase transitions in finite systems of
interacting Bose gases. For weakly repulsive interactions there is a phase
transition to the one-vortex state. The distribution of zeros of the partition
function indicates that this transition is first order, and the precursors of
the phase transition are already displayed in systems of a few dozen bosons.
Systems of this size do not exhibit new phases as more vortices are added to
the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126486 </DOCNO>
Cosmology studies with GRB afterglows


  GRB afterglows close to their peak intensity are among the brightest sources
in the sky. We discuss how GRB optical-to-X-ray afterglows can be used as
probes of the metal enrichment of the interstellar matter in the GRB host
galaxies and of the heating history of the intergalactic matter in filaments
and outskirts of clusters of galaxies along the line of sight. The key points
of the proposed observation strategy are: 1) prompt GRB observations (from
minutes to a few hours); 2) coordinated O-UV and X-ray observations; and 3)
high resolution (1,500-6,000 in the 0.1-1 keV band and >10,000 in the OUV).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73835 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Contributions to the Photon Vacuum Polarization and their Role


  I review recent evaluations of the hadronic contribution to the shift in the
fine structure constant and to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.
Substantial progress in a precise determination of these important observables
is a consequence of substantially improved total cross section measurement by
the BES II collaboration and an improved theoretical understanding. Prospects
of further possible progress is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150092 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Born--Infeld cosmology


  We investigate homogeneous and isotropic cosmological solutions supported by
the SU(2) gauge field governed by the Born-Infeld lagrangian. In the framework
of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology, with or without cosmological
constant $\lambda$, we derive dynamical systems that give rather complete
description of the space of solutions. For $\lambda=0$ the effective equation
of state $\ve(p)$ is shown to interpolate between $p=-\ve/3$ in the regime of
the strong field and $p=\ve/3$ for the weak field. Correspondingly, the
Universe starts with zero acceleration and gradually enters the decelerating
regime, asymptotically approaching the Tolman solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150220 </DOCNO>
Vacua of N=2 gauged supergravity derived from non-homogeneous


  We discuss a class of 4-dimensional non-homogeneous quaternionic spaces,
which become the two known homogeneous spaces (EAdS_4$ and SU(2,1)/U(2)) in
certain limits. These moduli spaces have two regions where the metric is
positive definite, separated by a non-physical region where the metric has
timelike directions and which contains a curvature singularity. They admit four
isometries and we consider their general Abelian gauging. The critical points
of the resulting superpotential and hence the possible domain wall solutions
differ significantly in the two regions. On one side one can construct only
singular walls, whereas in the other we found a smooth domain wall
interpolating between two infra-red critical points located exactly on the
boundary of the physical allowed parameter region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1406 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the magnetic flux trapped in fractal clusters of normal


  The influence of geometry and morphology of superconducting structure on
critical currents and magnetic flux trapping in percolative type-II
superconductor is considered. The superconductor contains the clusters of a
normal phase, which act as pinning centers. It is found that such clusters have
significant fractal properties. The main features of these clusters are studied
in detail: the cluster statistics is analyzed; the fractal dimension of their
boundary is estimated; the distribution of critical currents is obtained, and
its peculiarities are explored. It is examined thoroughly how the finite
resolution capacity of the cluster geometrical size measurement affects the
estimated value of fractal dimension. The effect of fractal properties of the
normal phase clusters on the electric field arising from magnetic flux motion
is investigated in the case of an exponential distribution of cluster areas.
The voltage-current characteristics of superconductors in the resistive state
for an arbitrary fractal dimension are obtained. It is revealed that the
fractality of the boundaries of the normal phase clusters intensifies the
magnetic flux trapping and thereby raises the critical current of a
superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129676 </DOCNO>
Grain Dynamics In Magnetized Interstellar Gas


  Interstellar medium is turbulent and this induces relative motions of dust
grains. We calculate relative velocities of charged grains in a partially
ionized magnetized gas. We account for anisotropy of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
turbulence, grain coupling with magnetic field, and the turbulence cutoff
arising from the ambipolar drag. We obtain grain velocities for turbulence with
parameters consistent with those in HI and dark clouds. Those velocities are
smaller than those in earlier papers, where MHD effects were disregarded.
Finally, we compare grain velocities arising from photoelectric emission,
radiation pressure and thrusts from molecular hydrogen formation. We conclude
that turbulence should prevent segregation of grains of different sizes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113630 </DOCNO>
Neural coding of naturalistic motion stimuli


  We study a wide field motion sensitive neuron in the visual system of the
blowfly {\em Calliphora vicina}. By rotating the fly on a stepper motor outside
in a wooded area, and along an angular motion trajectory representative of
natural flight, we stimulate the fly's visual system with input that approaches
the natural situation. The neural response is analyzed in the framework of
information theory, using methods that are free from assumptions. We
demonstrate that information about the motion trajectory increases as the light
level increases over a natural range. This indicates that the fly's brain
utilizes the increase in photon flux to extract more information from the
photoreceptor array, suggesting that imprecision in neural signals is dominated
by photon shot noise in the physical input, rather than by noise generated
within the nervous system itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73036 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory of boson mixing


  We consider the quantum field theoretical formulation of boson field mixing
and obtain the exact oscillation formula. This formula does not depend on
arbitrary mass parameters. We show that the space for the mixed field states is
unitarily inequivalent to the state space where the unmixed field operators are
defined. We also study the structure of the currents and charges for the mixed
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179707 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions of light mesons


  The ladder-rainbow truncation of the set of Dyson-Schwinger equations is used
to study a variety of electroweak and strong processes involving light mesons.
The parameters in the effective interaction are constrained by the chiral
condensate and f_\pi; the current quark masses are fitted to m_\pi and m_K. The
obtained electromagnetic form factors are in good agreement with the data. Also
the weak K_{l3} decay and the radiative and strong decays of the vector mesons
agree reasonably well with the data. Finally, we indicate how processes such as
\pi-\pi scattering can be described within this framework as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99063 </DOCNO>
h-deformation of Gr(2)


  The $h$-deformation of functions on the Grassmann matrix group $Gr(2)$ is
presented via a contraction of $Gr_q(2)$. As an interesting point, we have seen
that, in the case of the $h$-deformation, both R-matrices of $GL_h(2)$ and
$Gr_h(2)$ are the same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124162 </DOCNO>
A Non-Parametric Approach to Infer the Energy Spectrum and the Mass


  The experiment KASCADE observes simultaneously the electron-photon, muon, and
hadron components of high-energy extensive air showers (EAS). The analysis of
EAS observables for an estimate of energy and mass of the primary particle
invokes extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the EAS development for preparing
reference patterns. The present studies utilize the air shower simulation code
CORSIKA with the hadronic interaction models VENUS, QGSJet and Sibyll,
including simulations of the detector response and efficiency. By applying
non-parametric techniques the measured data have been analyzed in an
event-by-event mode and the mass and energy of the EAS inducing particles are
reconstructed. Special emphasis is given to methodical limitations and the
dependence of the results on the hadronic interaction model used. The results
obtained from KASCADE data reproduce the knee in the primary spectrum, but
reveal a strong model dependence. Owing to the systematic uncertainties
introduced by the hadronic interaction models no strong change of chemical
composition can be claimed in the energy range around the knee.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3650 </DOCNO>
Quasi-One-Dimensional Topological-Excitation Liquid in Bi2212 from


  Tunneling measurements have been carried out on heavily underdoped, slightly
overdoped and partially Ni-substituted Bi2212 single crystals by using a
break-junction technique. We find that in-plane tunneling spectra below Tc are
the combination of incoherent part from the pseudogap and coherent
quasiparticle peaks. There is a clear correlation between the magnitude of the
pseudogap and the magnitude of the superconducting gap in Bi2212. The analysis
of the data suggests that the tunneling pseudogap in Bi2212 is predominantly a
charge-density-wave gap on dynamical charge stripes. The tunneling
characteristics corresponding to the quasiparticle peaks are in excellent
agreement with theoretical predictions made for a quasi-one dimensional
topological-excitation liquid. In addition, the analysis of data measured by
different techniques shows that the phase coherence along the c-axis is
established at Tc due to spin fluctuations in local antiferromagnetic domains
of CuO2 planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4603 </DOCNO>
Stability Analysis of Rapid Granular Chute Flows: Formation of


  In a recent article (Forterre, PRL, 2001), we have reported a new instability
observed in rapid granular flows down inclined planes that leads to the
spontaneous formation of longitudinal vortices. From the experimental
observations, we have proposed an instability mechanism based on the coupling
between the flow and the granular temperature in rapid granular flows. In order
to investigate the relevance of the proposed mechanism, we perform in the
present paper a three-dimensional linear stability analysis of steady uniform
flows down inclined planes using the kinetic theory of granular flows. We show
that in a wide range of parameters, steady uniform flows are unstable under
transverse perturbations. The structure of the unstable modes are in
qualitative agreement with the experimental observations. This theoretical
analysis shows that the kinetic theory is able to capture the formation of
longitudinal vortices and validates the instability mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83720 </DOCNO>
On some optimization problems for star-free graphs


  It is shown that in star-free graphs the maximum independent set problem, the
minimum dominating set problem and the minimum independent dominating set
problem are approximable up to constant factor by any maximal independent set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96500 </DOCNO>
WZW-Poisson manifolds


  We observe that a term of the WZW-type can be added to the Lagrangian of the
Poisson Sigma model in such a way that the algebra of the first class
constraints remains closed. This leads to a natural generalization of the
concept of Poisson geometry. The resulting "WZW-Poisson" manifold M is
characterized by a bivector Pi and by a closed three-form H such that
[Pi,Pi]_Schouten = < H, Pi^3 >.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 825 </DOCNO>
Hall Coefficient and electron-electron interaction of 2D electrons in


  Recent experiments in silicon MOSFETs indicate that the Hall coefficient is
independent of magnetic field applied at a small angle with respect to the
plane. Below a scattering between spin-up and spin-down carriers is considered
to be the main reason for the experimental observation. Comparison of two band
model with experiment provides an upper limit for the electron-electron
scattering time $\tau_{ee}$ in the dilute 2D electron system as a function of
electron density $n_s$. The time $\tau_{ee}$ increases gradually with $n_s$,
becoming much greater than the transport scattering time $\tau_p$ for densities
$n_s>4 \times 10 ^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$. Strong electron-electron scattering is found
for $1.22 \times 10 ^{11} <n_s<3 \times 10 ^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$, the region which
is near to the apparent metal insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169143 </DOCNO>
On quantum and approximate privacy


  This paper studies privacy in communication complexity. The focus is on
quantum versions of the model and on protocols with only approximate privacy
against honest players. We show that the privacy loss (the minimum divulged
information) in computing a function can be decreased exponentially by using
quantum protocols, while the class of privately computable functions (i.e.,
those with privacy loss 0) is not increased by quantum protocols. Quantum
communication combined with small information leakage on the other hand makes
certain functions computable (almost) privately which are not computable using
quantum communication without leakage or using classical communication with
leakage. We also give an example of an exponential reduction of the
communication complexity of a function by allowing a privacy loss of o(1)
instead of privacy loss 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150014 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic Quantum Computation and Deutsch's Algorithm


  We show that by a suitable choice of a time dependent Hamiltonian, Deutsch's
algorithm can be implemented by an adiabatic quantum computer. We extend our
analysis to the Deutsch-Jozsa problem and estimate the required running time
for both global and local adiabatic evolutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98981 </DOCNO>
Families of supersingular curves in characteristic 2


  This paper determines the normal forms of hyperelliptic supersingular curves
of genus g over an algebraically closed field F of characteristic 2 for 0 < g<
9. We also show that every hyperelliptic supersingular curve of genus 9 over F
has an equation y^2-y=x^19+c^8x^9+c^3x for some c in F_2bar. The paper
determines the dimensions of the open locus of hyperelliptic supersingular
curves of genus g < 10 over F_2bar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74902 </DOCNO>
Large Phases and CP Violation in SUSY


  A brief overview is given of recent developments in the analyses of large
phases and CP violation in supersymmetric unified models. The problem of
experimental electric dipole moment constraints and large phases is discussed.
Implications of large phases on supersymmetric phenomena are reviewed. The
possibility of generating a muon electric dipole moment much larger than
implied by the scaling relation $d_{\mu}/d_e\simeq m_{\mu}/m_e$ from lepton
flavor nonuniversality and within reach of the recently proposed Brookhaven
experiment for a sensitive probe of $d_{\mu}$ is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 864 </DOCNO>
Berryonic Matter in the Cuprates


  A novel form of Jahn-Teller (JT) effect in the cuprates can be reinterpreted
as a conventional JT effect on a lattice with a larger unit cell. There is a
triplet of instabilities, parametrized by a pseudospin, consisting of a form of
the low-temperature tetragonal phase, a charge density wave phase, and a flux
phase (orbital antiferromagnet). On a single 4-Cu plaquette, the problem is of
E x (b_1+b_2) form. For a special choice of parameters, the model supports a
dynamic JT effect, but is classically chaotic. The connection of this phase
with Berryonic matter is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148986 </DOCNO>
U*(1,1) Noncommutative Gauge Theory As The Foundation of 2T-Physics in


  A very simple field theory in noncommutative phase space X^{M},P^{M} in d+2
dimensions, with a gauge symmetry based on noncommutative u*(1,1), furnishes
the foundation for the field theoretic formulation of Two-Time Physics. This
leads to a remarkable unification of several gauge principles in d dimensions,
including Maxwell, Einstein and high spin gauge principles, packaged together
into one of the simplest fundamental gauge symmetries in noncommutative quantum
phase space in d+2 dimensions. A gauge invariant action is constructed and its
nonlinear equations of motion are analyzed. Besides elegantly reproducing the
first quantized worldline theory with all background fields, the field theory
prescribes unique interactions among the gauge fields. A matrix version of the
theory, with a large N limit, is also outlined

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149260 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter and Dark Energy: A Physicist's Perspective


  For physicists, recent developments in astrophysics and cosmology present
exciting challenges. We are conducting "experiments" in energy regimes some of
which will be probed by accelerators in the near future, and others which are
inevitably the subject of more speculative theoretical investigations. Dark
matter is an area where we have hope of making discoveries both with
accelerator experiments and dedicated searches. Inflation and dark energy lie
in regimes where presently our only hope for a fundamental understanding lies
in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114240 </DOCNO>
Use of EPICS for High-Level Control of SNS Conventional Facilities


  The SNS Project intends to integrate Conventional Facility Controls with its
EPICS-based Accelerator and Target Control Systems. EPICS will therefore be
used to provide distributed high-level access to all subsystems of the SNS
conventional facilities, including cooling water towers, chilled water,
de-ionized water, HVAC, waste processing, and power monitoring. EPICS will
provide operator displays and high-level control for more than 1000 process
variables. EPICS support will be provided by four IOCs using PowerPC-based
VMEbus controllers . Low-level control will be provided by Allen-Bradley
ControlLogix PLCs that will communicate among themselves using ControlNet and
with EPICS using EtherNet/IP [2]. Both the PLC layer and the EPICS layer will
be implemented by an industrial supplier. File server support will be
Linux-based and Concurrent Versions System (CVS) will be used to manage version
control, both for EPICS and for PLC program and configuration files. All system
process variable names, hardware, software, and database configuration
properties will be maintained in a master Oracle database which will be used to
generate and maintain EPICS and PLC databases for the entire project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4299 </DOCNO>
Giant Spin Relaxation Anisotropy in Zinc-Blende Heterostructures


  Spin relaxation in-plane anisotropy is predicted for heterostructures based
on zinc-blende semiconductors. It is shown that it manifests itself especially
brightly if the two spin relaxation mechanisms (D'yakonov-Perel' and Rashba)
are comparable in efficiency. It is demonstrated that for the quantum well
grown along the [0 0 1] direction, the main axes of spin relaxation rate tensor
are [1 1 0] and [1 -1 0].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148205 </DOCNO>
Supergravity in Two Spacetime Dimensions


  The constraints of the superfield method in two-dimensional supergravity are
adapted to allow for nonvanishing bosonic torsion. As the analysis of the
Bianchi identities reveals, a new vector superfield is encountered besides the
well-known scalar one. The constraints are solved both with superfields using a
special decomposition of the supervielbein, and explicitly in terms of
component fields in a Wess-Zumino gauge. The graded Poisson Sigma Model (gPSM)
is the alternative method used to construct supersymmetric gravity theories. In
this context the graded Jacobi identity is solved algebraically for general
cases. Some of the Poisson algebras obtained are singular, or several
potentials contained in them are restricted. This is discussed for a selection
of representative algebras. It is found, that the gPSM is far more flexible and
it shows the inherent ambiguity of the supersymmetric extension more clearly
than the superfield method. Among the various models spherically reduced
Einstein gravity and gravity with torsion are treated. Also the Legendre
transformation to eliminate auxiliary fields, superdilaton theories and the
explicit solution of the gPSM equations of motion for a typical model are
presented. Furthermore, the PSM field equations are analyzed in detail, leading
to the so called "symplectic extension". Thereby, the Poisson tensor is
extended to become regular by adding new coordinates to the target space. For
gravity models this is achieved with one additional coordinate. Finally, the
relation of the gPSM to the superfield method is established by extending the
base manifold to become a supermanifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168297 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory Cannot Forbid Superluminal Signaling


  This note analyzed the angle-distribution of the probabilities of two-photon
states come out of a single-photon's stimulated emission amplification, show
that one can exploit EPR photon pairs combined with stimulated emission to
realize superluminal signaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6255 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluctuations in coupled dark solitons in trapped Bose-Einstein


  We show that the quantum fluctuations associated with the Bogoliubov
quasiparticle vacuum can be strongly concentrated inside dark solitons in a
trapped Bose Einstein condensate. We identify a finite number of anomalous
modes that are responsible for such quantum phenomena. The fluctuations in
these anomalous modes correspond to the `zero-point' oscillations in coupled
dark solitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1363 </DOCNO>
Effective gauge field theory of the t-J model in the charge-spin


  We study the slave-boson t-J model of cuprates with high superconducting
transition temperatures, and derive its low-energy effective field theory for
the charge-spin separated state in a self-consistent manner. The phase degrees
of freedom of the mean field for hoppings of holons and spinons can be regarded
as a U(1) gauge field, $A_i$. The charge-spin separation occurs below certain
temperature, $T_{\rm CSS}$, as a deconfinement phenomenon of the dynamics of
$A_i$. Below certain temperature $T_{\rm SG} (< T_{\rm CSS})$, the spin-gap
phase develops as the Higgs phase of the gauge-field dynamics, and $A_i$
acquires a mass $m_A$. The effective field theory near $T_{\rm SG}$ takes the
form of Ginzburg-Landau theory of a complex scalar field $\lambda$ coupled with
$A_i$, where $\lambda$ represents d-wave pairings of spinons. Three
dimensionality of the system is crucial to realize a phase transition at
$T_{\rm SG}$.
  By using this field theory, we calculate the dc resistivity $\rho$. At $T >
T_{\rm SG}$, $\rho$ is proportional to $T$. At $T < T_{\rm SG}$, it deviates
downward from the $T$-linear behavior as $\rho \propto T \{1 -c(T_{\rm SG}-T)^d
\}$. When the system is near (but not) two dimensional, due to the compactness
of the phase of the field $\lambda$, the exponent $d$ deviates from its
mean-field value 1/2 and becomes a nonuniversal quantity which depends on
temperature and doping. This significantly improves the comparison with the
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113616 </DOCNO>
Multi-bunch generation by thermionic gun


  KEK-ATF is studying the low-emittance multi-bunch electron beam for the
future linear collider. In ATF, thermionic gun is used to generate 20 bunches
electron beam with the bunch spacing of 2.8 ns. Due to a distortion of the gun
emission and the beam loading effect in the bunching system, the intensity for
each bunch is not uniform by up to 40 % at the end of the injector. We have
developed a system to correct the gun emission by precisely controlling the
cathode voltage with a function generator. For the beam loading effect, we have
introduced RF amplitude modulation on Sub Harmonic Buncher, SHB. By these
technique, bunch intensity uniformity was improved and beam transmission for
later bunches was recovered from 67% to 91%, but intensity for first five
bunches is still lower than others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74998 </DOCNO>
Flavour structure, flavour symmetry and supersymmetry


  We discuss the role played by the horizontal flavour symmetry in
supersymmetric theories. In particular, we consider the horizontal symmetry
$SU(3)_H$ between the three fermion families and show how this concept can help
in explaining the fermion mass spectrum and mixing pattern in the context of
SUSY GUTs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127596 </DOCNO>
Neutron capture and 2.2 MeV emission in the atmosphere of the secondary


  We consider the production of 2.22 MeV radiation resulting from the capture
of neutrons in the atmosphere of the secondary in an X-ray binary system, where
the neutrons are produced in the accretion disk around the compact primary star
and radiated in all directions. We have considered several accretion disk
models (ADAF, ADIOS, SLE, Uniform-Temperature) and a varity of parameters
(accretion rate, mass of the compact object, mass, temperature and composition
of the secondary star, distance between the two objects, etc.). The neutron
rates are calculated by a network of nuclear reactions in the accretion disk,
and this is handled by a reaction-rate formulation taking into account the
structure equations given by each accretion model. The processes undergone by
the neutrons in the atmosphere of the companion star are studied in great
detail, including thermalization, elastic and inelastic scatterings,
absorption, escape from the surface, decay, and capture by protons. The
radiative transfer of the 2.22 MeV photons is treated separately, taking into
consideration the composition and density of the star's atmosphere. The final
flux of the 2.22 MeV radiation that can be detected from earth is calculated
taking into account the distance to the source, the direction of observation
with respect to the binary system frame, and the rotation of the source, as
this can lead to an observable periodicity in the flux. We produce phasograms
of the 2.22 MeV intensity as well as spectra of the line, where rotational
Doppler shift effects can lead to changes in the spectra that are measurable by
INTEGRAL's spectrometer (SPI).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2218 </DOCNO>
The Role of Correlation in the Operation of Quantum-dot Cellular


  Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) may offer a viable alternative of
traditional transistor-based technology at the nanoscale. When modeling a QCA
circuit, the number of degrees of freedom necessary to describe the quantum
mechanical state increases exponentially making modeling even modest size cell
arrays difficult. The intercellular Hartree approximation largely reduces the
number of state variables and still gives good results especially when the
system remains near ground state. This suggests that large part of the
correlation degrees of freedom are not essential from the point of view of the
dynamics. In certain cases, however, such as for example the majority gate with
unequal input legs, the Hartree approximation gives qualitatively wrong
results. An intermediate model is constructed between the Hartree approximation
and the exact model, based on the coherence vector formalism. By including
correlation effects to a desired degree, it improves the results of the Hartree
method and gives the approximate dynamics of the correlation terms. It also
models the majority gate correctly. Beside QCA cell arrays, our findings are
valid for Ising spin chains in transverse magnetic field, and can be
straightforwardly generalized for coupled two-level systems with a more
complicated Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7028 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of the pyrochlore oxide Cd2Re2O7


  We report the superconducting properties of the pyrochlore oxide Cd2Re2O7.
The bulk superconducting transition temperature Tc is about 1.0 K, and the
upper critical field Hc2 determined by the measurement of specific heat under
magnetic fields is 0.29 T. The superconducting coherence length is estimated to
be 34 nm. Specific heat data measured on single crystals suggest that the
superconducting gap of Cd2Re2O7 is nodeless.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3416 </DOCNO>
Critical temperature of superconductor/ferromagnet bilayers


  Superconductor/ferromagnet bilayers are known to exhibit nontrivial
dependence of the critical temperature T_c on the thickness d_f of the
ferromagnetic layer. We develop a general method for investigation of T_c as a
function of the bilayer's parameters. It is shown that interference of
quasiparticles makes T_c(d_f) a nonmonotonic function. The results are in good
agreement with experiment. Our method also applies to multilayered structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97376 </DOCNO>
Coinvariants for Lattice VOAs and q-Supernomial Coefficients


  We propose an alternative definition of q-supernomial coefficients as
characters of coinvariants for one dimensional lattice vertex operator
algebras. This gives a new formula for q-supernomial coefficients. Along the
way we prove that the spaces of coinvariants form a bundle over the
configuration space of complex points (the configuration space includes
diagonals).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97081 </DOCNO>
On the Enumeration of Skew Young Tableaux


  We extend work of McKay, Morse, and Wilf by giving exact formulas and
asymptotic formulas for the number of skew Young tableaux T in two situations:
(1) the "inside shape" and total number of cells of T are fixed, and (2) the
inside shape of T is fixed. The proofs use the theory of symmetric functions
and estimates for irreducible characters of the symmetric group due to Thoma,
Vershik, Kerov, and Biane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76794 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic and nonleptonic B decays to three charm quarks: B->J/psi


  We evaluate the form factors describing the semileptonic decays $\bar{B^0}\to
J/\psi (\eta_c) D^+ \ell^- \bar \nu_\ell$, within the framework of a QCD
relativistic potential model. This decay is complementary to $\bar{B^0}\to
J/\psi (\eta_c) D^+ \pi^-$ in a phase space region where a pion factors out.We
estimate the branching ratio for these semileptonic and nonleptonic channels,
finding $\mathcal{BR}(\bar{B^0} \to J/\psi (\eta_c) D^+ \ell \nu_\ell) \simeq
10^{-13}$, $\mathcal{BR}(\bar{B^0} \to J/\psi D^+ \pi^-) = 3.1 \times 10^{-8}$
and $\mathcal{BR}(\bar{B^0} \to \eta_c D^+ \pi^-) = 3.5 \times 10^{-8}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7532 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics of triangulated ribbons


  We use computer simulations and scaling arguments to investigate statistical
and structural properties of a semiflexible ribbon composed of isosceles
triangles. We study two different models, one where the bending energy is
calculated from the angles between the normal vectors of adjacent triangles,
the second where the edges are viewed as semiflexible polymers so that the
bending energy is related to the angles between the tangent vectors of
next-nearest neighbor triangles. The first model can be solved exactly whereas
the second is more involved. It was recently introduced by Liverpool and
Golestanian [Liverpool_prl_98,LiverpoolGolestian_pre_00] as a model for
double-stranded biopolymers such as DNA. Comparing observables such as the
autocorrelation functions of the tangent vectors and the bond-director field,
the probability distribution functions of the end-to-end distance, and the mean
squared twist we confirm the existence of local twist correlation, but find no
indications for other predicted features such as twist-stretch coupling, kinks,
or oscillations in the autocorrelation function of the bond-director field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126447 </DOCNO>
Mass composition of cosmic rays in anomalous diffusion model: comparison


  We calculate the energy spectra and mass composition of cosmic rays in energy
region 1 - 10^8 GeV/particle under the assumption that cosmic rays propagation
in the Galaxy is described by anomalous diffusion equation. Our results and
comparisons with experimental data are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86109 </DOCNO>
Self-Force on a Scalar Charge in Circular Orbit around a Schwarzschild


  In an accompanying paper, we have formulated two types of regulariz_ation
methods to calculate the scalar self-force on a particle of charge $q$ moving
around a black hole of mass $M$, one of which is called the ``power expansion
regularization''. In this paper, we analytically evaluate the self-force (which
we also call the reaction force) to the third post-Newtonian (3PN) order on the
scalar particle in circular orbit around a Schwarzschild black hole by using
the power expansion regularization. It is found that the $r$-component of the
self-force arises at the 3PN order, whereas the $t$- and $\phi$-components,
which are due to the radiation reaction, appear at the 2PN and 1.5PN orders,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4032 </DOCNO>
Optical studies of charge dynamics in c-axis oriented superconducting


  Temperature dependent optical conductivities and DC resistivity of c-axis
oriented superconducting (Tc = 39.6 K) MgB2 films (~ 450 nm) have been
measured. The normal state ab-plane optical conductivities can be described by
the Drude model with a temperature independent Drude plasma frequency of
\omega_{p,D}=13,600 +/- 100 cm-1 or 1.68 +/- 0.01 eV. The normal state
resistivity is fitted by the Bloch-Gruneisen formula with an electron-phonon
coupling constant \lambda_{tr} = 0.13 +/- 0.02. The optical conductivity
spectra below T_c of these films suggest that MgB2 is a multi-gap
superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113838 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Formalism for Solving the Vlasov-Poisson Equations and Its


  A Hamiltonian approach to the solution of the Vlasov-Poisson equations has
been developed. Based on a nonlinear canonical transformation, the rapidly
oscillating terms in the original Hamiltonian are transformed away, yielding a
new Hamiltonian that contains slowly varying terms only. The formalism has been
applied to the coherent beam-beam interaction, and a stationary solution to the
transformed Vlasov equation has been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125115 </DOCNO>
Regularization and Inverse Problems


  An overview is given of Bayesian inversion and regularization procedures. In
particular, the conceptual basis of the maximum entropy method (MEM) is
discussed, and extensions to positive/negative and complex data are
highlighted. Other deconvolution methods are also discussed within the Bayesian
context, focusing mainly on the comparison of Wiener filtering, Massive
Inference and the Pixon method, using examples from both astronomical and
non-astronomical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5304 </DOCNO>
Experimental observation of the Bogoliubov transformation for a


  Phonons with wavevector $q/\hbar$ were optically imprinted into a
Bose-Einstein condensate. Their momentum distribution was analyzed using Bragg
spectroscopy with a high momentum transfer. The wavefunction of the phonons was
shown to be a superposition of +q and -q free particle momentum states, in
agreement with the Bogoliubov quasiparticle picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124250 </DOCNO>
Value of the Cosmological Constant: Theory versus Experiment


  The numerical value of the cosmological constant is calculated using a
recently suggested cosmological model and found to be 2.036 x 10^(-35) s^(-2).
This value of the cosmological constant is in excellent agreement with the
measurements recently obtained by the High-Z Supernova Team and the Supernova
Cosmology Project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4659 </DOCNO>
Time dependence of occupation numbers and thermalization time in closed


  We study the time evolution of occupation numbers for interacting
Fermi-particles in the situation when exact compound states are "chaotic". This
situation is generic for highly excited many-particles states in heavy nuclei,
complex atoms, quantum dots, spin systems and quantum computer models.
Numerical data show perfect agreement with a simple theory for the onset of
thermalization in close systems of interacting particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5496 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and superconducting instabilities of the Hubbard model at the


  We use a novel temperature-flow renormalization group technique to analyze
magnetic and superconducting instabilities in the two-dimensional t-t' Hubbard
model for particle densities close to the van Hove filling as a function of the
next-nearest neighbor hopping t'. In the one-loop flow at the van Hove filling,
the characteristic temperature for the flow to strong coupling is suppressed
drastically around t'_c approx. -0.33t, suggesting a quantum critical point
between d-wave pairing at moderate t'>t'_c and ferromagnetism for t'<t'_c. Upon
increasing the particle density in the latter regime the leading instability
occurs in the triplet pairing channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98943 </DOCNO>
Differential geometry of the q-superplane


  Hopf algebra structures on the extended q-superplane and its differential
algebra are defined. An algebra of forms which are obtained from the generators
of the extended q-superplane is introduced and its Hopf algebra structure is
given

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83588 </DOCNO>
Source-Filter Decomposition of Harmonic Sounds


  This paper describes a method for decomposing steady-state instrument data
into excitation and formant filter components. The input data, taken from
several series of recordings of acoustical instruments is analyzed in the
frequency domain, and for each series a model is built, which most accurately
represents the data as a source-filter system. The source part is taken to be a
harmonic excitation system with frequency-invariant magnitudes, and the filter
part is considered to be responsible for all spectral inhomogenieties. This
method has been applied to the SHARC database of steady state instrument data
to create source-filter models for a large number of acoustical instruments.
Subsequent use of such models can have a wide variety of applications,
including improvements to wavetable and physical modeling synthesis, high
quality pitch shifting, and creation of "hybrid" instrument timbres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5312 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium dynamics of urn models


  Dynamical urn models, such as the Ehrenfest model, have played an important
role in the early days of statistical mechanics. Dynamical many-urn models
generalize the former models in two respects: the number of urns is
macroscopic, and thermal effects are included. These many-urn models are
exactly solvable in the mean-field geometry. They allow analytical
investigations of the characteristic features of nonequilibrium dynamics
referred to as aging, including the scaling of correlation and response
functions in the two-time plane and the violation of the
fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This review paper contains a general
presentation of these models, as well as a more detailed description of two
dynamical urn models, the backgammon model and the zeta urn model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3032 </DOCNO>
The Osmotic Coefficient of Rod-like Polyelectrolytes: Computer


  The osmotic coefficient of solutions of rod-like polyelectrolytes is
considered by comparing current theoretical treatments and simulations to
recent experimental data. The discussion is restricted to the case of
monovalent counterions and dilute, salt-free solutions. The classical
Poisson-Boltzmann solution of the cell model correctly predicts a strong
decrease in the osmotic coefficient, but upon closer look systematically
overestimates its value. The contribution of ion-ion-correlations are
quantitatively studied by MD simulations and the recently proposed DHHC theory.
However, our comparison with experimental data obtained on synthetic,
stiff-chain polyelectrolytes shows that correlation effects can only partly
explain the discrepancy. A quantitative understanding thus requires theoretical
efforts beyond the restricted primitive model of electrolytes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3282 </DOCNO>
Charge redistribution and polarization energy of organic molecular


  We present an approach to electronic polarization in molecular solids treated
as a set of quantum systems interacting classically. Individual molecules are
dealt with rigorously as quantum-mechanical systems subject to classical
external fields created by all other molecules and, possibly, external sources.
Self-consistent equations are derived for induced dipoles and for atomic
charges whose redistribution in external fields is given explicitly by an
atom-atom polarizability tensor. Electronic polarization is studied in two
representative organic molecular crystals, anthracene and
perylenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA), and contrasted to previous
results for systems of polarizable points. The stabilization energies of the
neutral lattice, of isolated anions and cations, and of cation-anion pairs are
found. Charge redistribution on ions is included. The dielectric tensors of
crystals are successfully related to gas-phase properties and provide
consistency checks on polarization energies. The procedure is generally
applicable to organic crystals in the limit of no intermolecular overlap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86680 </DOCNO>
Dual Metrics and Non-Generic Supersymmetries for a Class of Siklos


  The presence of Killing-Yano tensors implies the existence of non-generic
supercharges in spinning point particle theories on curved backgrounds. Dual
metrics are defined through their associated non-degenerate Killing tensors of
valence two. Siklos spacetimes, which are the only non-trivial Einstein spaces
conformal to non-flat pp-waves are investigated in regards to the existence of
their corresponding Killing and Killing-Yano tensors. It is found that under
some restrictions, pp-wave metrics and Siklos spacetimes admit dual metrics and
non-generic supercharges. Possible significance of those dual spacetimes are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74735 </DOCNO>
TeXmacs interfaces to Maxima, MuPAD and REDUCE


  GNU TeXmacs is a free wysiwyg word processor providing an excellent
typesetting quality of texts and formulae. It can also be used as an interface
to Computer Algebra Systems (CASs). In the present work, interfaces to three
general-purpose CASs have been implemented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6928 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Slow Velocity Relaxation in Front Propagation in


  Recent theoretical work has shown that so-called pulled fronts propagating
into an unstable state always converge very slowly to their asymptotic speed
and shape. In the the light of these predictions, we reanalyze earlier
experiments by Fineberg and Steinberg on front propagation in a
Rayleigh-B\'enard cell. In contrast to the original interpretation, we argue
that in the experiments the observed front velocities were some 15% below the
asymptotic front speed and that this is in rough agreement with the predicted
slow relaxation of the front speed for the time scales probed in the
experiments. We also discuss the possible origin of the unusually large
variation of the wavelength of the pattern generated by the front as a function
of the dimensionless control parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168285 </DOCNO>
Squeezed light from spin squeezed atoms


  We propose to produce pulses of strongly squeezed light by Raman scattering
of a strong laser pulse on a spin squeezed atomic sample. We prove that the
emission is restricted to a single field mode which perfectly inherits the
quantum correlations of the atomic system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148751 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition Couplings in U(1) and SU(N) Regularized Gauge Theories


  Using a 2-loop approximation for $\beta$-functions, we have considered the
corresponding renormalization group improved effective potential in the Dual
Abelian Higgs Model (DAHM) of scalar monopoles and calculated the phase
transition (critical) couplings in U(1) and SU(N) regularized gauge theories.
In contrast to our previous result $\alpha_{crit} \approx 0.17$, obtained in
the one-loop approximation with the DAHM effective potential (see Ref.[20]),
the critical value of the electric fine structure constant in the 2-loop
approximation, calculated in the present paper, is equal to
$\alpha_{crit}\approx 0.208$ and coincides with the lattice result for compact
QED [10]: $\alpha_{crit}^{lat} \approx 0.20\pm 0.015$. Following the 't Hooft's
idea of the "abelization" of monopole vacuum in the Yang--Mills theories, we
have obtained an estimation of the SU(N) triple point coupling constants, which
is $\alpha_{N,crit}^{-1}=\frac{N}{2}\sqrt{\frac{N+1}{N-1}} 
\alpha_{U(1),crit}^{-1}$. This relation was used for the description of the
Planck scale values of the inverse running constants $\alpha_i^{-1}(\mu)$
(i=1,2,3 correspond to U(1), SU(2) and SU(3) groups), according to the ideas of
the Multiple Point Model [16].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128671 </DOCNO>
How Lumpy is the Milky Way's Dark Matter Halo?


  CDM simulations predict that there are hundreds of lumps of with masses
greater than 10e7 solar masses in the Milky Way halo. However, we know of only
a dozen dwarf satellites close to this mass. Are these lumps simply lacking in
stars or is there a fundamental flaw in our most popular cosmology? By studying
the tidal debris of known satellites we can potentially address this question.
In this paper, we quantify the the effects of the dark matter lumps on tidal
tails. The lumps scatter stars in the tidal tails from their original orbits
producing a distinctive signature. We simulate debris evolution in smooth and
lumpy halos potentials and use our simulations to motivate and test a
statistical measure of the degree of scattering apparent in the angular
position and radial velocity measurement of debris stars - the ``scattering
index''. We find that the scattering index can in general distinguish between
the levels of substructure predicted by CDM cosmologies and smooth Milky Way
models, but that the sensitivity of the debris depends on the orientation of
the parent satellite's orbit relative to the largest lumps orbits.
        We apply our results to the carbon star stream associated with the
Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr) and find that these stars appear to be more
scattered than we expect for debris orbiting in a smooth halo. However, the
degree of scattering is entirely consistent with that expected due to the
influence of the Large Magellanic Cloud, which is on an orbit that intersects
Sgr's own. We conclude that the current data is unable to constrain CDM models.
Nevertheless, our study suggests that future data sets of debris stars
associated with other Milky Way satellites could provide strong constraints on
CDM models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98224 </DOCNO>
The Generalized Spike Process, Sparsity, and Statistical Independence


  A basis under which a given set of realizations of a stochastic process can
be represented most sparsely (the so-called best sparsifying basis (BSB)) and
the one under which such a set becomes as less statistically dependent as
possible (the so-called least statistically-dependent basis (LSDB)) are
important for data compression and have generated interests among computational
neuroscientists as well as applied mathematicians. Here we consider these bases
for a particularly simple stochastic process called ``generalized spike
process'', which puts a single spike--whose amplitude is sampled from the
standard normal distribution--at a random location in the zero vector of length
$\ndim$ for each realization.
  Unlike the ``simple spike process'' which we dealt with in our previous paper
and whose amplitude is constant, we need to consider the kurtosis-maximizing
basis (KMB) instead of the LSDB due to the difficulty of evaluating
differential entropy and mutual information of the generalized spike process.
By computing the marginal densities and moments, we prove that: 1) the BSB and
the KMB selects the standard basis if we restrict our basis search within all
possible orthonormal bases in ${\mathbb R}^n$; 2) if we extend our basis search
to all possible volume-preserving invertible linear transformations, then the
BSB exists and is again the standard basis whereas the KMB does not exist.
Thus, the KMB is rather sensitive to the orthonormality of the transformations
under consideration whereas the BSB is insensitive to that. Our results once
again support the preference of the BSB over the LSDB/KMB for data compression
applications as our previous work did.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87237 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects in a rotating spacetime


  The behavior of a arbitrary coupled quantum scalar field is studied in the
background of the G\"odel spacetime. Closed forms are derived for the effective
action and the vacuum expectation value of quadratic field fluctuations by
using $\zeta$-function regularization. Based on these results, we argue that
causality violation presented in this spacetime can not be removed by quantum
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2369 </DOCNO>
The suppression of superconductivity in MgCNi3 by Ni-site doping


  The effects of partial substitution of Cu and Co for Ni in the intermetallic
perovskite superconductor MgCNi3 are reported. Calculation of the expected
electronic density of states suggests that electron (Cu) and hole (Co) doping
should have different effects. For MgCNi3-xCux, solubility of Cu is limited to
approximately 3% (x = 0.1), and Tc decreases systematically from 7K to 6K. For
MgCNi3-xCox, solubility of Co is much more extensive, but bulk
superconductivity disappears for Co doping of 1% (x = 0.03). No signature of
long range magnetic ordering is observed in the magnetic susceptibility of the
Co doped material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148256 </DOCNO>
Perturbative dynamics on fuzzy S^2 and RP^2


  By considering scalar theories on the fuzzy sphere as matrix models, we
construct a renormalization scheme and calculate the one-loop effective action.
Because of UV-IR mixing, the two- and the four-point correlators at low energy
are not slowly varying functions of external momenta. Interestingly, we also
find that field theories on fuzzy RP^2 avoid UV-IR mixing and hence are much
more like conventional field theories. We calculate the one-loop beta-function
for the O(N) theory on fuzzy RP^2 at large N and show that in addition to the
trivial one, it has a nontrivial fixed point that is accessible in perturbation
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40986 </DOCNO>
Energy and Momentum of Oscillating Neutrinos


  It is shown that Lorentz invariance implies that in general flavor neutrinos
in oscillation experiments are superpositions of massive neutrinos with
different energies and different momenta. It is also shown that for each
process in which neutrinos are produced there is either a Lorentz frame in
which all massive neutrinos have the same energy or a Lorentz frame in which
all massive neutrinos have the same momentum. In the case of neutrinos produced
in two-body decay processes, there is a Lorentz frame in which all massive
neutrinos have the same energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174810 </DOCNO>
Comparison between chiral and meson-theoretic nucleon-nucleon potentials


  We use proton-nucleus reaction data at intermediate energies to test the
emerging new generation of chiral nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. Predictions
from a high quality one-boson-exchange (OBE) force are used for comparison and
evaluation. Both the chiral and OBE models fit NN phase shifts accurately, and
the differences between the two forces for proton-induced reactions are small.
A comparison to a chiral model with a less accurate NN description sets the
scale for the ability of such models to work for nuclear reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75904 </DOCNO>
Deep Inelastic Scattering with Tagged Initial State Radiation: Complete


  In this paper we extend the calculation of the QED corrections to deep
inelastic lepton-proton scattering with a tagged photon, taking into account
the full corrections on the lepton side. Comparing to previous results that
were obtained by considering only large logarithmic terms at leading and
next-to-leading accuray, we find that the difference is in general quite small,
however, it may be significant in the region of large $y$ and small $x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128615 </DOCNO>
Detection of a vibration-rotation emission line of hydrogen deuteride


  The 2.46um v=1-0 R(5) line of deuterated molecular hydrogen, HD, has been
detected in the Orion Peak~1 shock emission region, at a surface brightness of
(8.5 +/- 2.1) x 10^(-9) W m^(-2)sr^(-1) over a 6 arcsec^2 area. Comparison of
the column density of HD(v=1,J=6) with the column density of HD(v=0,J=6)
previously observed from ISO and the H_2 level column densities toward the same
region implies that the excitation of HD is similar to that of H_2 for these
energy levels, despite much higher spontaneous transition rates for HD. We
suggest that this rough equality is caused by the coupling of the HD levels to
those of H_2, due to strong reactive collisions, HD + H -> H_2 + D, in warm,
partially dissociated gas. The deuterium abundance implied by the combined ISO
and UKIRT measurements toward Orion Peak 1 is [D]/[H] = (5.1 +/- 1.9)x10^(-6).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169451 </DOCNO>
Combined encoding, recoupling, and decoupling solution to problems of


  Proposals for physical systems to act as quantum computers are inevitably
plagued by the unavoidable coupling with the environment (bath) that causes
decoherence, and by technological difficulties connected with the
controllability of quantum states. Several techniques exist for achieving
reliable quantum computation by countering the effects of decoherence. At this
time, however, not one, by itself, will serve as a panacea for error
correction. In this paper, we introduce a method that combines system-bath
decoupling operations with error avoidance or active error correction to
address these major concerns. By using an empirical approach to error
correction based on experimental data, and an efficient set of decoupling
operations that will serve to protect encoded quantum information, we are able
to propose a comprehensive method for reducing the adverse effects of
decoherence, in particular in scalable solid state quantum computing devices.
Our method has the added benefit of significantly reducing design constraints
associated with certain difficult-to-implement single-qubit operations in these
devices. We illustrate our results by applying them to quantum dot quantum
computing proposals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96454 </DOCNO>
Particles, Generalized Statistics and Categories


  Interacting systems of particles with generalized statistics are considered
on both classical and quantum level. It is shown that all possible quantum
states and corresponding processes can be represented in terms of certain
specific categories. The corresponding Fock space representation is discussed.
The problem of existence of well--defined scalar product is considered. It is
shown that commutation relations corresponding to a system with generalized
statistics can be constructed from relations corresponding to Bolzman
statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179370 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal and Transverse Quasi-Elastic Response Functions of Light


  The $^3$He and $^4$He longitudinal and transverse response functions are
determined from an analysis of the world data on quasi-elastic inclusive
electron scattering. The corresponding Euclidean response functions are derived
and compared to those calculated with Green's function Monte Carlo methods,
using realistic interactions and currents. Large contributions associated with
two-body currents are found, particularly in the $^4$He transverse response, in
agreement with data. The contributions of two-body charge and current operators
in the $^3$He, $^4$He, and $^6$Li response functions are also studied via
sum-rule techniques. A semi-quantitative explanation for the observed
systematics in the excess of transverse quasi-elastic strength, as function of
mass number and momentum transfer, is provided. Finally, a number of model
studies with simplified interactions, currents, and wave functions is carried
out to elucidate the role played, in the full calculation, by tensor
interactions and correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41657 </DOCNO>
Possible detection of relic neutrinos and their mass


  Recently the possibility was widely discussed that a large fraction of the
highest energy cosmic rays may be decay products of Z bosons which were
produced in the resonant annihilation of ultrahigh energy cosmic neutrinos on
cosmological relic neutrinos. If one takes this so-called Z-burst scenario
seriously, one may infer the mass of the heaviest relic neutrino as well as the
necessary ultrahigh energy cosmic neutrino flux from a comparison of the
predicted Z-burst spectrum with the observed cosmic ray spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168522 </DOCNO>
A uniqueness theorem for entanglement measures


  We obtain a mathematically simple characterization of all functionals
coinciding with the von Neumann reduced entropy on pure states based on the
Khinchin-Faddeev axiomatization of Shannon entropy and give a physical
interpretation of the axioms in terms of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1180 </DOCNO>
Resonance superfluidity in a quantum degenerate Fermi gas


  We consider the superfluid phase transition that arises when a Feshbach
resonance pairing occurs in a dilute Fermi gas. We apply our theory to consider
a specific resonance in potassium-40, and find that for achievable experimental
conditions, the transition to a superfluid phase is possible at the high
critical temperature of about 0.5 T_F. Observation of superfluidity in this
regime would provide the opportunity to experimentally study the crossover from
the superfluid phase of weakly-coupled fermions to the Bose-Einstein
condensation of strongly-bound composite bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6133 </DOCNO>
Energy Scales in the Local Magnetic Excitation Spectrum of YBCO


  The wave-vector integrated dynamical spin susceptibility chi_{2D}(omega) of
YBCO cuprates is considered. chi_{2D} is calculated in the superconducting
state from a renormalized mean-field theory of the t-t'-J-model, based on the
slave-boson formulation. Besides the well-known 41 meV resonance a second, much
broader peak (`hump') appears in Im chi_{2D}. It is caused by particle-hole
excitations across the maximum gap Delta^0. In contrast to the resonance, which
moves to lower energies when the hole filling is reduced from optimal doping,
the position of this `hump' at approx. 2 Delta^0 stays almost unchanged. The
results are in reasonable agreement with inelastic neutron-scattering
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127664 </DOCNO>
The evolutionary status of the low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxy


  We present the results of spectrophotometry and V,R,I, Halpha CCD photometry
of the blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy SBS 0940+544. Broad-band images taken
with the 2.1m KPNO and 1.23m Calar Alto telescopes reveal a compact
high-surface-brightness H II region with ongoing star formation, located at the
northwestern tip of the elongated low surface brightness (LSB) main body of the
BCD. High signal-to-noise 4.5m Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) and 10m Keck II
telescope long-slit spectroscopy of SBS 0940+544 is used to derive element
abundances of the ionized gas in the brightest H II region and to study the
stellar population in the host galaxy. The oxygen abundance in the brightest
region with strong emission lines is 12+log(O/H) = 7.46-7.50, or 1/29-1/26
solar, in agreement with earlier determinations and among the lowest for BCDs.
Hbeta and Halpha emission lines and Hdelta and Hgamma absorption lines are
detected in a large part of the main body. Three methods are used to put
constraints on the age of the stellar population at different positions along
the major axis. They are based on (a) the equivalent widths of the emission
lines, (b) the equivalent widths of the absorption lines and (c) the spectral
energy distributions (SED). Several scenarios of star formation have been
considered. The observed properties in the main body can be reproduced by a
continuous star formation process which started not earlier than 100 Myr ago,
if a small extinction is assumed. However, the observations can be reproduced
equally well by a stellar population forming continuously since 10 Gyr ago, if
the star formation rate has increased during the last 100 Myr in the main body
of SBS 0940+544 by at least a factor of five. In summary, we find no compelling
evidence which favors either a young or an old age of SBS 0940+544.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1713 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions for diluted spin glasses and optimization problems


  We study the low temperature properties of p-spin glass models with finite
connectivity and of some optimization problems. Using a one-step functional
replica symmetry breaking Ansatz we can solve exactly the saddle-point
equations for graphs with uniform connectivity. The resulting ground state
energy is in perfect agreement with numerical simulations. For fluctuating
connectivity graphs, the same Ansatz can be used in a variational way: For
p-spin models (known as p-XOR-SAT in computer science) it provides the exact
configurational entropy together with the dynamical and static critical
connectivities (for p=3, \gamma_d=0.818 and \gamma_s=0.918 resp.), whereas for
hard optimization problems like 3-SAT or Bicoloring it provides new upper
bounds for their critical thresholds (\gamma_c^{var}=4.396 and
\gamma_c^{var}=2.149 resp.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127675 </DOCNO>
A Systematic Spectroscopic X-Ray Study of Stellar Coronae with


  We have been conducting a comprehensive survey of stellar coronae with the
XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometers during the commissioning,
calibration, verification, and guaranteed time phases of the mission,
accompanied by simultaneous observations with the EPIC cameras and, for several
targets, with the radio VLA and/or the VLBA. The principal aim of this project
is threefold: i) To understand stellar coronal structure and composition by
studying systematics in the coronae of stars with widely different levels of
magnetic activity; ii) to investigate heating and particle acceleration physics
during flares, their role in the overall coronal energy budget, and their
possible role in the quiescent stellar emission; iii) to probe stellar coronal
evolution by studying solar analogs of different ages. We report early results
from this project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114190 </DOCNO>
Gravity compensation in dusty-plasmas by application of a temperature


  Micron sized particles can be suspended or even lifted up in gas by the
thermophoretic effect. This has many applications in physics and technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7330 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical theory of quasiparticles in the superconducting state


  We have developed a semiclassical approach to solving the Bogoliubov - de
Gennes equations for superconductors. It is based on the study of classical
orbits governed by an effective Hamiltonian corresponding to the quasiparticles
in the superconducting state and includes an account of the Bohr-Sommerfeld
quantisation rule, the Maslov index, torus quantisation, topological phases
arising from lines of phase singularities (vortices), and semiclassical wave
functions for multi-dimensional systems. The method is illustrated by studying
the problem of an SNS junction and a single vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96710 </DOCNO>
Fixed Points in Topological *-Algebras of Unbounded Operators


  We discuss some results concerning fixed point equations in the setting of
topological *-algebras of unbounded operators. In particular, an existence
result is obtained for what we have called {\em weak $\tau$ strict
contractions}, and some continuity properties of these maps are discussed. We
also discuss possible applications of our procedure to quantum mechanical
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168189 </DOCNO>
State and dynamical parameter estimation for open quantum systems


  Following the evolution of an open quantum system requires full knowledge of
its dynamics. In this paper we consider open quantum systems for which the
Hamiltonian is ``uncertain''. In particular, we treat in detail a simple system
similar to that considered by Mabuchi [Quant. Semiclass. Opt. {\bf 8}, 1103
(1996)]: a radiatively damped atom driven by an unknown Rabi frequency $\Omega$
 (as would occur for an atom at an unknown point in a standing light wave). By
measuring the environment of the system, knowledge about the system state, and
about the uncertain dynamical parameter, can be acquired. We find that these
two sorts of knowledge acquisition (quantified by the posterior distribution
for $\Omega$, and the conditional purity of the system, respectively) are quite
distinct processes, which are not strongly correlated. Also, the quality and
quantity of knowledge gain depend strongly on the type of monitoring scheme. We
compare five different detection schemes (direct, adaptive, homodyne of the $x$
quadrature, homodyne of the $y$ quadrature, and heterodyne) using four
different measures of the knowledge gain (Shannon information about $\Omega$,
variance in $\Omega$, long-time system purity, and short-time system purity).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179588 </DOCNO>
Singlet-to-triplet ratio in the deuteron breakup reaction $pd\to pnp$ at


  Available experimental data on the exclusive $pd\to pnp$ reaction at 585 MeV
show a narrow peak in the proton-neutron final-state interaction region. It was
supposed previously, on the basis of a phenomenological analysis of the shape
of this peak, that the final spin-singlet $pn$ state provided about one third
of the observed cross section. By comparing the absolute value of the measured
cross section with that of $pd$ elastic scattering using the F\"aldt-Wilkin
extrapolation theorem, it is shown here that the $pd\to pnp$ data can be
explained mainly by the spin-triplet final state with a singlet admixture of a
few percent. The smallness of the singlet contribution is compatible with
existing $pN\to pN\pi$ data and the one-pion exchange mechanism of the $pd\to
pnp$ reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124159 </DOCNO>
V382 Vel: a "shocking" supersoft x-ray source?


  Nova Vel 1999 (V382 Vel) was observed with BeppoSAX twice, 15 days and 6
months after the optical maximum. A hard X-ray source was detected in the first
observation, while the second time also a very luminous supersoft X-ray source
was detected.
  The continuum observed in the supersoft range with the BeppoSAX LECS cannot
be fitted with atmospheric models of hot hydrogen burning while dwarfs. We
suggest that we are observing instead mainly a ``pseudocontinuum'', namely a
blend of very strong emission lines in the supersoft X-ray range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125756 </DOCNO>
Early galaxy evolution from deep wide field star counts. II. First


  Star counts at high and intermediate galactic latitudes, in the visible and
the near infrared, are used to determine the density law and the initial mass
function of the thick disc population. The combination of shallow fields
dominated by stars at the turnoff with deep fields allows the determination of
the thick disc mass function in the mass range 0.2-0.8 Msun. Star counts are
compared with simulations of a synthesis population model. The fit is based on
a maximum likelihood criterion. The best fit model gives a scale height of 800
pc, a scale length of 2500 pc and a local density of 10e-3 stars/pc3 or 7.1e-4
Msun/pc3 for Mv<8. The IMF is found to follow a power law with a slope
alpha=-0.5. This is the first determination of the thick disc mass function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148288 </DOCNO>
The Dn Ruijsenaars-Schneider model


  The Lax pair of the Ruijsenaars-Schneider model with interaction potential of
trigonometric type based on Dn Lie algebra is presented. We give a general form
for the Lax pair and prove partial results for small n. Liouville integrability
of the corresponding system follows a series of involutive Hamiltonians
generated by the characteristic polynomial of the Lax matrix. The rational case
appears as a natural degeneration and the nonrelativistic limit exactly leads
to the well-known Calogero-Moser system associated with Dn Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128655 </DOCNO>
Chemical inhomogeneities and pulsation


  Major improvements in models of chemically peculiar stars have been achieved
in the past few years. With these new models it has been possible to test
quantitatively some of the processes involved in the formation of abundance
anomalies and their effect on stellar structure. The models of metallic A (Am)
stars have shown that a much deeper mixing has to be present to account for
observed abundance anomalies. This has implications on their variability, which
these models also reproduce qualitatively. These models also have implications
for other chemically inhomogeneous stars such as HgMn B stars which are not
known to be variable and lambda Bootis stars which can be. The study of the
variability of chemically inhomogeneous stars can provide unique information on
the dynamic processes occurring in many types of stars in addition to modeling
of the evolution of their surface composition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4609 </DOCNO>
The breakdown of the Nagaoka phase in the 2D t-J model


  In the limit of weak exchange, J, at low hole concentration, the ground state
of the 2D t-J model is believed to be ferromagnetic. We study the leading
instability of this Nagaoka state, which emerges with increasing J. Both exact
diagonalization of small clusters, and a semiclassical analytical calculation
of larger systems show that above a certain critical value of the exchange,
Nagaoka's state is unstable to phase separation. In a finite-size system a
bubble of antiferromagnetic Mott insulator appears in the ground state above
this threshold. The size of this bubble depends on the hole concentration and
scales as a power of the system size, N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3755 </DOCNO>
Magnetization Process of the S=1 and 1/2 Uniform and Distorted Kagome


  The magnetization process of the S=1 and 1/2 kagome Heisenberg
antiferromagnet is studied by means of the numerical exact diagonalization
method. It is found that the magnetization curve at zero temperature has a
plateau at 1/3 of the full magnetization. In the presence of $\sqrt{3} \times
\sqrt{3}$ lattice distortion, this plateau is enhanced and eventually the
ferrimagnetic state is realized. There also appear the minor plateaux above the
main plateau. The physical origin of these phenomena is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148580 </DOCNO>
Brane Dynamics in CFT Backgrounds


  In this note we discuss bound states of un- or meta-stable brane
configurations in various non-trivial (curved) backgrounds. We begin by
reviewing some known results concerning brane dynamics on group manifolds.
These are then employed to study condensation in cosets of the WZW model. While
the basic ideas are more general, our presentation focuses on parafermion
theories and, closely related, N=2 superconformal minimal models. We determine
the (non-commutative) low energy effective actions for all maximally symmetric
branes in a decoupling limit of the two theories. These actions are used to
show that the lightest branes can be regarded as elementary constituents for
all other maximally symmetric branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126261 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulations of Pinhole and Single Mode Fibre Spatial Filters


  We use a numerical simulation to investigate the effectiveness of pinhole
spatial filters at optical/IR interferometers and to compare them with
single-mode optical fibre spatial filters and interferometers without spatial
filters. We show that fringe visibility measurements in interferometers
containing spatial filters are much less affected by changing seeing conditions
than equivalent measurements without spatial filters. This reduces visibility
calibration uncertainties, and hence can reduce the need for frequent
observations of separate astronomical sources for calibration of visibility
measurements. We also show that spatial filters can increase the
signal-to-noise ratios of visibility measurements and that pinhole filters give
signal-to-noise ratios within 17% of values obtained with single-mode fibres
for aperture diameters up to 3r_0. Given the simplicity of the use of pinhole
filters we suggest that it represents a competitive, if not optimal, technique
for spatial filtering in many current and next generation interferometers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114129 </DOCNO>
Black Holes - Estimation of Their Lower and Upper Mass Limits Stemming


  In this contribution, the thermodynamics of black holes is treated by the
model of Expansive Nondecelerative Universe (ENU). Based on entropy
considerations and localization of gravitational energy, estimation of both the
lower and upper mass limits of black holes is given. Both mass limits are time
dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95721 </DOCNO>
Hypersurfaces of Prescribed Gauss Curvature in Exterior Domains


  We prove an existence theorem for convex hypersurfaces of prescribed Gauss
curvature in the complement of a compact set in Euclidean space which are close
to a cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72732 </DOCNO>
Are mirror planets opaque?


  Over the last few years, many close orbiting ($\sim 0.05$ A.U.) large mass
planets ($\sim M_{J}$) of nearby stars have been discovered. Their existence
has been inferred from tiny Doppler shifts in the light from the star and in
one case a transit has been observed. Because ordinary planets are not expected
to be able to form this close to ordinary stars due to the high temperatures,
it has been speculated that the close-in large planets are in fact exotic
heavenly bodies made of mirror matter. We show that the accretion of ordinary
matter onto the mirror planet (from e.g.the solar wind from the host star)
should make the mirror planet opaque to ordinary radiation with an effective
radius ($R_p$) large enough to explain the measured size of the transiting
close-in extrasolar planet, HD209458b. Furthermore we obtain the rough
prediction that $R_{p} \propto \sqrt{{T_s\over M_p}}$ (where $T_s$, is the
surface temperature of the ordinary matter in the mirror planet and $M_p$ is
the mass of the mirror planet) which will be tested in the near future as more
transiting planets are found. We also show that the mirror world interpretation
of the close-in extra solar planets explains the low albedo of $\tau$ Boo b
because the large estimated mass of $\tau$ Boo b ($\sim 7M_J$) implies a small
effective radius of $R_p \approx 0.5R_J$ for $\tau$ Boo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113350 </DOCNO>
The Direct Contradiction Between Two Popular Hypotheses -- Cosmic


  Recent distance determinations to Type Ia supernovae [SNe Ia] by new means
exceed the Hubble distance by 10 - 15%. The explanation that has been offered
is an "anti-gravity effect" accelerating the universe' expansion. The effect is
attributed to some unknown substance pervading cosmological space, a modern
variant on the Ancients' fifth essence, "quintessence".
  In other research, the study of galaxies and the larger cosmic structures of
groups of galaxies as rotating systems, with their concomitant balance of
gravitational attraction [G*M*m/R^2] and centripetal force [m*V^2/R], has
disclosed a component of the gravitational attraction that cannot be accounted
for. It is inferred that a halo of "dark matter" pervades the galaxies and
supplies the unaccounted for gravitation.
  Therefore, we are confronted with the contradiction:
  [1] the SNe Ia data with its hypothesis that the cosmos is operated on by an
"anti-gravity effect", and
  [2] the rotation curves data which indicates that an additional gravitational
effect is operating, not an anti-gravitational one.
  The two hypotheses are mutually exclusive. At least one is completely
incorrect [the hypothesis, not the data] and quite possibly both hypotheses are
wrong. That being the case, it is essential that alternative explanations for
the SNe Ia data and the rotation curves data be sought. The status of such
alternatives is reviewed and a new alternative, based on NASA reported
observations of long-term satellite behavior, is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125589 </DOCNO>
Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies: Structure, Star Formation, and


  The aim of this paper is to cast light on the formation and evolution of
elliptical galaxies by means of N-body/hydro-dynamical simulations that include
star formation, feed-back and chemical evolution. Particular attention is paid
to the case of dwarf spheroidals of the Local Group which, thanks to their
proximity and modern ground-based and space instrumentation, can be resolved
into single stars so that independent determinations of their age and star
formation history can be derived. Dwarf galaxies are known to exhibit
complicated histories of star formation ranging from a single very old episode
to a series of bursts over most of the Hubble time. We start from virialized
haloes of dark matter, and follow the infall of gas into the potential wells
and the formation of stars. We find that in objects of the same total mass,
different star formation histories are possible, if the collapse phase started
at different initial densities. We predict the final structure of dwarf
spheroidal galaxies, their kinematics, their large scale distribution of gas
and stars, and their detailed histories of the star formation and metal
enrichment. Using a population synthesis technique, star formation and metal
enrichment rates are then adopted to generate the present color-magnitude
diagrams of the stellar populations hosted by dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
varying the cosmological parameters $H_0$ and $q_0$. compared with the
observational ones for some dwarf spheroidals of the Local Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169190 </DOCNO>
Cloning a Qutrit


  We investigate several classes of state-dependent quantum cloners for
three-level systems. These cloners optimally duplicate some of the four
maximally-conjugate bases with an equal fidelity, thereby extending the
phase-covariant qubit cloner to qutrits. Three distinct classes of qutrit
cloners can be distinguished, depending on two, three, or four
maximally-conjugate bases are cloned as well (the latter case simply
corresponds to the universal qutrit cloner). These results apply to symmetric
as well as asymmetric cloners, so that the balance between the fidelity of the
two clones can also be analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76134 </DOCNO>
Diffusion into infra-red and unitarization of the BFKL pomeron


  The BFKL pomeron in perturbative QCD is plagued by the lack of unitarity and
diffusion into the infra-red region of gluon virtualities. These two problems
are intimately related. We perform numerical studies of the evolution equation
proposed by Balitsky and Kovchegov which unitarizes the BFKL pomeron. We show
how diffusion into the infra-red region is suppressed due to the emergence of a
saturation scale and scaling behaviour. We study universality of this
phenomenon as well as its dependence on subleading corrections to the BFKL
pomeron such as the running coupling and kinematic constraint. These
corrections are very important for phenomenological applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41516 </DOCNO>
Beautiful Mirrors and Precision Electroweak Data


  The Standard Model (SM) with a light Higgs boson provides a very good
description of the precision electroweak observable data coming from the LEP,
SLD and Tevatron experiments. Most of the observables, with the notable
exception of the forward-backward asymmetry of the bottom quark, point towards
a Higgs mass far below its current experimental bound. The disagreement, within
the SM, between the values for the weak mixing angle as obtained from the
measurement of the leptonic and hadronic asymmetries at lepton colliders, may
be taken to indicate new physics contributions to the precision electroweak
observables. In this article we investigate the possibility that the inclusion
of additional bottom-like quarks could help resolve this discrepancy. Two
inequivalent assignments for these new quarks are analysed. The resultant fits
to the electroweak data show a significant improvement when compared to that
obtained in the SM. While in one of the examples analyzed, the exotic quarks
are predicted to be light, with masses below 300 GeV, and the Higgs tends to be
heavy, in the second one the Higgs is predicted to be light, with a mass below
250 GeV, while the quarks tend to be heavy, with masses of about 800 GeV. The
collider signatures associated with the new exotic quarks, as well as the
question of unification of couplings within these models and a possible
cosmological implication of the new physical degrees of freedom at the weak
scale are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149419 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Superfields in Three Euclidean Dimensions


  The simplest supersymmetry algebra and superspace in three dimensional
Euclidean (3dE) space is examined. Representations of the algebra are
considered and the implications of restricting the space of states to states
with positive definite norm are determined.
  A superspace is defined and superfields are introduced. Supersymmetric field
theory models in 3dE are described both in superfield and component field
forms. The relationship between these models, and similar models in four
dimensional Minkowski space is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124693 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution of Supergiant Star-Forming Clouds


  In an exploration of the birthplaces of globular clusters, we present a
careful examination of the formation of self-gravitating gas clouds within
assembling dark matter haloes in a hierarchical cosmological model. Our
high-resolution smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations are designed to
determine whether or not hypothesized supergiant molecular clouds (SGMCs) form
and, if they do, to determine their physical properties and mass spectra. It
was suggested in earlier work that clouds with a median mass of several 10^8
M_sun are expected to assemble during the formation of a galaxy, and that
globular clusters form within these SGMCs. Our simulations show that clouds
with the predicted properties are indeed produced as smaller clouds collide and
agglomerate within the merging dark matter haloes of our cosmological model. We
find that the mass spectrum of these clouds obeys the same power-law form
observed for globular clusters, molecular clouds, and their internal clumps in
galaxies, and predicted for the supergiant clouds in which globular clusters
may form. We follow the evolution and physical properties of gas clouds within
small dark matter haloes up to z = 1, after which prolific star formation is
expected to occur. Finally, we discuss how our results may lead to more
physically motivated "rules" for star formation in cosmological simulations of
galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41287 </DOCNO>
Perturbative QCD analysis of $B \to \phi K$ decays and Power counting


  We investigate exclusive nonleptonic $B$ meson decays $B\to\phi K$ in
perturbative QCD formalism. It is shown that the end-point (logarithmic and
linear) singularities in decay amplitudes do not exist, after $k_T$ and
threshold resummations are included. Power counting for emission and
annihilation topologies of diagrams, including both factorizable and
nonfactorizable ones, is discussed with Sudakov effects taken into account. Our
predictions for the branching ratios $B(B\to\phi K)\sim 10 \times 10^{-6}$ are
larger than those ($\sim 4 \times 10^{-6}$) from the factorization approach
because of dynamical enhancement of penguin contributions. Whether this
enhancement is essential for penguin-dominated modes can be justified by
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179391 </DOCNO>
Lectures on the Theory of High Energy A+A at RHIC


  In these lectures aspects of current theory used to interpret the preliminary
data on ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC energies in terms of the
physical properties of QCD matter at extreme densities are introduced. Topics
include: What are the physics questions at SPS and RHIC?, Geometrical vs
Dynamical features of A+A, The interplay of computable Hard pQCD vs
phenomenological Soft dynamics, Baryon number transport and Junctions, How can
we compute and get experimental control over the initial conditions?, How to
reconcile apparent hydrodynamic behavior with partonic/hadronic transport
theory. I use the Preliminary RHIC data available up to June 1,2001 to
illustrate these topics. Since the main new observable at RHIC relative to SPS
is jet quenching, I elaborate on this ``tomographic'' probe of ultra-dense
matter. The possible discovery of jet quenching at RHIC by STAR and PHENIX is
highlighted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126427 </DOCNO>
Off-Axis Cluster Mergers: Effects of a Strongly Peaked Dark Matter


  (Abridged) We present a parameter study of offset mergers between clusters of
galaxies. Using the Eulerian hydrodynamics/N-body code COSMOS, we simulate
mergers between nonisothermal, hydrostatic clusters with a steep central dark
matter density profile and a beta-model gas profile. We constrain global
properties of the model clusters using observed cluster statistical
relationships. We consider impact parameters between zero and five times the
scale radius and mass ratios of 1:1 and 1:3. The morphological changes,
relative velocities, and temperature jumps we observe agree with previous
studies using the King profile for the dark matter. We observe a larger jump in
X-ray luminosity (~4-10x) than in previous work, and we argue that this
increase is most likely a lower limit due to our spatial resolution. We
emphasize that luminosity and temperature jumps due to mergers may have an
important bearing on constraints on Omega derived from the observation of hot
clusters at high redshift. Shocks are relatively weak in the cluster cores;
hence they do not significantly increase the entropy there. Instead, shocks
create entropy in the outer regions, and this high-entropy gas is mixed with
the core gas during later stages of the merger. Ram pressure initiates mixing
by displacing the core gas from its potential center, causing it to become
convectively unstable. The resulting convective plumes produce large-scale
turbulent motions with eddy sizes up to several 100 kpc. This turbulence is
pumped by dark matter-driven oscillations in the gravitational potential. Even
after nearly a Hubble time these motions persist as subsonic turbulence in the
cluster cores, providing 5-10% of the support against gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74 </DOCNO>
An alternative field theory for the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition


  We extend a Gaussian model for the internal electrical potential of a
two-dimensional Coulomb gas by a non-Gaussian measure term, which singles out
the physically relevant configurations of the potential. The resulting
Hamiltonian, expressed as a functional of the internal potential, has a
surprising large-scale limit: The additional term simply counts the number of
maxima and minima of the potential. The model allows for a transparent
derivation of the divergence of the correlation length upon lowering the
temperature down to the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1994 </DOCNO>
Fluctuating diamagnetism in underdoped high temperature superconductors


  The fluctuation induced diamagnetism of underdoped high temperature
superconductors is studied in the framework of the Lawrence-Doniach model. By
taking into account the fluctuations of the phase of the order parameter only,
the latter reduces to a layered XY-model describing a liquid of vortices which
can be either thermally excited or induced by the external magnetic field. The
diamagnetic response is given by a current-current correlation function which
is evaluated using the Coulomb gas analogy. Our results are then applied to
recent measurements of fluctuation diamagnetism in underdoped YBCO. They allow
to understand both the observed anomalous temperature dependence of the
zero-field susceptibility and the two distinct regimes appearing in the
magnetic field dependence of the magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41169 </DOCNO>
Search for the Familon via $B^{\pm}\to \pi^{\pm}X^{0}$, $B^{\pm}\to


  We have searched for the two-body decay of the B meson to a light
pseudoscalar meson $h = \pi^+, K^+, K^0_S$ and a massless neutral
weakly-interacting particle $X^0$ such as the familon, the Nambu-Goldstone
boson associated with a spontaneously broken global family symmetry. We find no
significant signal by analyzing a data sample containing 9.7 million $B\bar{B}$
mesons collected with the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring,
and set a 90% C.L. upper limit of $4.9 \times 10^{-5}$ and $5.3 \times 10^{-5}$
on the branching fraction for the decays $B^+ \to h^+ X^0$ and $B^0 \to K^0_S
X^0$, respectively. These upper limits correspond to a lower bound of about
$10^{8}$ GeV on the family symmetry breaking scale involving the third
generation of quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168353 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Dipoles and Quantum Coherence in Muscle Contraction


  An actin filament contacting myosin molecules as a functional unit of muscle
contraction induces magnetic dipoles along the filament when ATP molecules to
be hydrolyzed are available there. The induced magnetic dipoles are coherent
over the entire filament, though they are fluctuating altogether as constantly
being subject to the ambient thermal agitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148043 </DOCNO>
The Holographic Renormalization Group


  In this lecture, we review the derivation of the holographic renormalization
group given in hep-th/9912012. Some extra background material is included, and
various applications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96640 </DOCNO>
Quantum K-Theory I: Foundations


  This work is devoted to the study of the foundations of quantum K-theory, a
K-theoretic version of quantum cohomology theory. In particular, it gives a
deformation of the ordinary K-ring K(X) of a smooth projective variety X,
analogous to the relation between quantum cohomology and ordinary cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1210 </DOCNO>
Photovoltage Effects in Photoemission from Thin GaAs Layers


  A set of thin GaAs p-type negative electron affinity (NEA) photocathodes have
been used to measure the yield of photoemitted electrons at high intensity
excitation. The active layer thickness is 100 nm and the p-type doping ranges
from 5\times10^{18} cm^{-3} to 5\times10^{19} cm^{-3} for a set of four
samples. The results show that the surface escape probability is a linear
function of the NEA energy. The surface photovoltage effect on photoemission is
found to diminish to zero at a doping level of 5\times10^{19} cm^{-3}. The
experimental results are shown to be in good agreement with calculations using
a charge limit model based on surface photovoltage kinetics that assume a
constant electron energy relaxation rate in the band bending region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113951 </DOCNO>
Self-Focused Electron Beams Produced by Pyroelecric Crystals on Heating


  Self-focusing, spatially stable, electron beams arising from heating up to
160 degrees C and cooling to room temperature pyroelectric LiNbO3 crystals in
dilute gases have been observed for the first time. The current (up to
nanoamperes) and energies (up to 170 keV) of these electron beams attained
maximum values and then decreased during the cooling phase of the thermal
cycle. Cylindrical crystals produced spatially stable beams with typical focal
lengths of 22 mm and 1mm spot sizes. Here we present photographic as well as
electronic proof of their existence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72708 </DOCNO>
Effects of Gauge Interactions on Fermion Masses in Models with Fermion


  We consider models that generate hierarchies via the separation of fermion
wavefunctions in higher-dimensional spaces. We calculate the effects of gauge
interactions between fermions and show that these are important and could help
to explain (i) why the heaviest known fermion is a charge 2/3 quark, rather
than a charge -1/3 quark or a lepton, (ii) why this fermion has a mass $m_t$
comparable to the electroweak symmetry breaking scale $M_{ew}$, (iii) the
patterns $m_t >> m_b > m_\tau$ and $m_c >> m_s > m_\mu$, and (iv) the smallness
of neutrino masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75186 </DOCNO>
More about Kaluza-Klein Regularization


  We study the so-called ``Kaluza-Klein regularization''. We calculate one-loop
corrections to the Higgs mass due to Kaluza-Klein modes explicitly in a model
with SUSY breaking mass splitting between bosonic and fermionic modes. We
perform the proper time cutoff at $1/\Lambda^2$ and the KK level truncation at
$\ell$. It is shown that the finite result is obtained as long as $\ell \gg
R\Lambda$ for the compactification radius $R$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123872 </DOCNO>
The Structure and Star-Formation History of NGC 5461


  We compute photoionization models for the giant extragalactic H II region NGC
5461, and compare their predictions to several observational constraints. Since
we aim at reproducing not only the global properties of the region, but its
local structure also, the models are constrained to reproduce the observed
density profile, and our analysis takes into consideration the bias introduced
by the shapes and sizes of the slits used by different observers. We find that
an asymmetric nebula with a gaussian density distribution, powered by a young
burst of 3.1 Myr, satisfactorily reproduces most of the constraints, and that
the star-formation efficiency inferred from the model agrees with current
estimates. Our results strongly depend on the assumed density law, since
constant density models overestimate the hardness of the ionizing field,
affecting the deduced properties of the central stellar cluster. We illustrate
the features of our best model, and discuss the possible sources of errors and
uncertainties affecting the outcome of this type of studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98209 </DOCNO>
A Bound on Binding Energies and Mass Renormalization in Models of


  We study three well known models of matter coupled to the ultraviolet cutoff,
quantized radiation field and to the Coulomb potential of arbitrarily many
nuclei. Two are nonrelativistic: the first uses the kinetic energy (p+eA(x))^2
and the second uses the Pauli-Fierz energy (p+eA(x))^2 +e\sigma \cdot B(x). The
third, no-pair model, is relativistic and replaces the kinetic energy with the
Dirac operator D(A), but restricted to its positive spectral subspace, which is
the ``electron subspace''. In each case we are able to give an upper bound to
the {\it binding} energy -- as distinct from the less difficult ground state
energy. This implies, for the first time we believe, an estimate, albeit a
crude one, of the mass renormalization in these theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97949 </DOCNO>
The dual horospherical Radon transform for polynomials


  We show how to calculate the dual horospherical Radon transform of a
polynomial in terms of the Harish-Chandra c-function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81032 </DOCNO>
QED$_3$ with Dynamical Fermions in an External Magnetic Field


  In this paper, we present results of numerical lattice simulations of
two-flavor QED in three space-time dimensions. First, we provide evidence that
chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken in the chiral and continuum limit. Next
we discuss the role of an external magnetic field $B$ on the dynamically
generated fermion mass. We investigate the $B$-dependence of the condensate
through calculations with dynamical fermions using the non-compact formulation
of the gauge field, and compare the results with those of a comparable study
using the quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114019 </DOCNO>
Pure Representability Problem and New Models of the Electronic Fock


  New models of the Fock space sector corresponding to some fixed number of
electrons are introduced. These models originate from the representability
theory and their practical implementation may lead to essential reduction of
dimensions of intermediate Configuration Interaction spaces. A certain
zero-order theory that gives wave functions approximately equivalent to ones
obtained by accounting all excitations from the Hartree-Fock reference state up
to the q-th order is proposed. Simple numerical examples are given to
illustrate the approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41511 </DOCNO>
Direct CP Violation In Radiative B Decays


  We discuss the role of the radiative B decays $B \to X_{s/d} \gamma$ in our
search for new physics focusing on the issue of direct CP violation. We discuss
in some detail a SM prediction for the CP asymmetries in inclusive $b \to s/d$
transitions, namely $\mid \Delta {\cal B}(B \to X_s \gamma) + \Delta {\cal B}(B
\to X_d \gamma) \mid \sim 1 \cdot 10^{-9}$. Any measured value in significant
deviation of this estimate would indicate new sources of CP violation beyond
the CKM phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123674 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of statistical properties of the lensing excursion


  We present ray tracing simulations combined with sets of large N-body
simulations. Experiments were performed to explore, for the first time,
statistical properties of fluctuations in angular separations of nearby light
ray pairs (the so-called lensing excursion angle) induced by weak lensing by
large-scale structures. We found that the probability distribution function
(PDF) of the lensing excursion angles is not simply Gaussian but has an
exponential tail. It is, however, found that the tail, or more generally
non-Gaussian nature in the PDF has no significant impact on the weak lensing of
the CMB. Moreover, we found that the variance in the lensing excursion angles
predicted by the power spectrum approach is in good agreement with our
numerical results. These results demonstrate a validity of using the power
spectrum approach to compute lensing effects on the CMB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98843 </DOCNO>
Introductory Lectures on Contact Geometry


  These notes are an expanded version of an introductory lecture on contact
geometry given at the 2001 Georgia Topology Conference. They are intended to
present some of the "topological" aspects of three dimensional contact
geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114230 </DOCNO>
The group structure bases of a foundational approach to physics


  Based on a fundamental symmetry between space, time, mass and charge, a
series of group structures of physical interest is generated, ranging from C2
to E8. The most significant result of this analysis is a version of the Dirac
equation combining quaternions and multivariate vectors, which is already
second quantized and intrinsically supersymmetric, and which automatically
leads to a symmetry breaking, with the creation of specific particle structures
and a mass-generating mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150287 </DOCNO>
A Holographic Interpretation of Asymptotically de Sitter Spacetimes


  One of the remarkable outcomes of the AdS/CFT correspondence has been the
generalization of Cardy's entropy formula for arbitrary dimensionality, as well
as a variety of anti-de Sitter scenarios. More recently, related work has been
done in the realm of asymptotically de Sitter backgrounds. Such studies presume
a well-defined dS/CFT duality, which has not yet attained the credibility of
its AdS analogue. In this paper, we derive and interpret generalized forms of
the Cardy entropy for a selection of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes. These
include the Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole (as a review of hep-th/0112093),
the Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter black hole and a special class of topological
de Sitter solutions. Each of these cases is found to have interesting
implications in the context of the proposed correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179445 </DOCNO>
Single particle properties of Lambda hypernuclei in the density


  The density dependent relativistic hadron field theory is used to describe
single particle properties of Lambda hypernuclei. The discussion focuses on the
spin-orbit systematics in the relativistic mean-field formalism by discussing
general effects of the Lambda continuum threshold and the delocalization of the
Lambda wave function. Theoretical predictions for the hypernuclear Auger effect
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97968 </DOCNO>
Generalizations of Felder's elliptic dynamical r-matrices associated


  A dynamical $r$-matrix is associated with every self-dual Lie algebra $\A$
which is graded by finite-dimensional subspaces as $\A=\oplus_{n \in \cZ}
\A_n$, where $\A_n$ is dual to $\A_{-n}$ with respect to the invariant scalar
product on $\A$, and $\A_0$ admits a nonempty open subset $\check \A_0$ for
which $\ad \kappa$ is invertible on $\A_n$ if $n\neq 0$ and $\kappa \in \check
\A_0$. Examples are furnished by taking $\A$ to be an affine Lie algebra
obtained from the central extension of a twisted loop algebra $\ell(\G,\mu)$ of
a finite-dimensional self-dual Lie algebra $\G$. These $r$-matrices, $R: \check
\A_0 \to \mathrm{End}(\A)$, yield generalizations of the basic trigonometric
dynamical $r$-matrices that, according to Etingof and Varchenko, are associated
with the Coxeter automorphisms of the simple Lie algebras, and are related to
Felder's elliptic $r$-matrices by evaluation homomorphisms of $\ell(\G,\mu)$
into $\G$. The spectral-parameter-dependent dynamical $r$-matrix that
corresponds analogously to an arbitrary scalar-product-preserving finite order
automorphism of a self-dual Lie algebra is here calculated explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4998 </DOCNO>
Exclusion Statistics in a two-dimensional trapped Bose gas


  We briefly explain the notion of exclusion statistics and in particular
discuss the concept of an ideal exclusion statistics gas. We then review a
recent work where it is demonstrated that a {\em two-dimensional} Bose gas with
repulsive delta function interactions obeys ideal exclusion statistics, with a
fractional parameter related to the interaction strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127705 </DOCNO>
Irradiation Pressure Effects in Close Binary Systems


  We present a method for the calculation of the effects of external
irradiation on the geometrical shape of the secondary in a close binary
containing a compact star, the source of the radiation, and a normal companion
star, where we include the possibility of shadowing by an accretion disc. The
model is based on a simple modification of the standard Roche binary potential
in which the radiation-pressure force is parameterised using the ratio of the
radiation to the gravitational force. We have constructed numerical solutions
of approximate 3-dimensional irradiated equipotential surfaces to demonstrate
the main geometrical effects of external radiation pressure. For systems in
which the inner Lagrangian point is irradiated directly and for sufficiently
high irradiation fluxes, the critical condition for which the secondary fills
its tidal lobe changes from an inner to an outer critical configuration, where
the critical equipotential surface connects to one of the outer rather than the
inner Lagrangian point. Such a situation may apply to evaporating binary pulsar
systems (e.g. PSR 1957+20), stars orbiting supermassive black holes in AGN and
some high-mass X-ray binaries (including Centaurus X-3). For systems containing
an accretion disc, which shadows the inner Lagrangian point from the external
irradiation, the presence of significant radiation pressure causes a
non-axisymmetric deformation of the stellar surface. We have calculated
modified Roche potentials to determine the main effects on the optical
lightcurves and radial velocity curves for typical binary parameters. Compared
to previous studies, the inclusion of irradiation-pressure effects results in
changes in the derived system parameters (e.g. component masses, radial
velocities) that may be as high as 30 per cent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95610 </DOCNO>
Centralizers of distinguished nilpotent pairs and related problems


  In this paper, by establishing an explicit and combinatorial description of
the centralizer of a distinguished nilpotent pair in a classical simple Lie
algebra, we solve in the classical case Panyushev's Conjecture which says that
distinguished nilpotent pairs are wonderful, and the classification problem on
almost principal nilpotent pairs. More precisely, we show that disinguished
nilpotent pairs are wonderful in types A, B and C, but they are not always
wonderful in type D. Also, as the corollary of the classification of almost
principal nilpotent pairs, we have that almost principal nilpotent pairs do not
exist in the simply-laced case and that the centralizer of an almost principal
nilpotent pair in a classical simple Lie algebra is always abelian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97977 </DOCNO>
The WP - Bailey Tree and its Implications


  Our object is a thorough analysis of the WP-Bailey tree, a recent extension
of classical Bailey chains. We begin by observing how the WP-Bailey tree
naturally entails a finite number of classical q-hypergeometric transformation
formulas. We then show how to move beyond this closed set of results and in the
process we explicate heretofore mysterious identities of D. Bressoud. Next, we
use WP-Bailey pairs to provide a new proof of recent formula of A. Kirillov.
Finally, we discuss the relation between our approach and that of W. Burge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98245 </DOCNO>
On the bifurcation of periodic orbits


  This article is a survey on recent contributions to an effective version of
Bautin's theory about the bifurcation of periodic orbits (limit cycles). The
analysis of Hopf bifurcations of higher order is possible by use of the return
mapping. Explicit estimates of the size of the domain on which the number of
limit cycles is controlled are important in many applications of bifurcation
theory (for instance in Biology and Physiology).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72835 </DOCNO>
Gravitational instantons, extra dimensions and form fields


  A broad class of higher dimensional instanton solutions are found for a
theory which contains gravity, a scalar field and antisymmetric tensor fields
of arbitrary rank. The metric used, a warp product of an arbitrary number of
any compact Einstein manifolds, includes many of great interest in particle
physics and cosmology. For example 4D FRW universes with additional dimensions
compactified on a Calabi-Yau three fold, a torus, a compact hyperbolic manifold
or a sphere are all included. It is shown that the solution of this form which
dominates the Hartle Hawking path integral is always a higher dimensional
generalisation of a Hawking Turok instanton when the potential of the scalar
field is such that these instantons can exist. On continuation to Lorentzian
signature such instantons give rise to a spacetime in which all of the spatial
dimensions are of equal size and where the spatial topology is that of a
sphere. The extra dimensions are thus not hidden. In the case where the
potential for the scalar field is generated solely by a dilatonic coupling to
the form fields we find no integrable instantons at all. In particular we find
no integrable solutions of the type under consideration for the supergravity
theories which are the low energy effective field theories of superstrings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169007 </DOCNO>
From Spectral Relaxation to Quantified Decoherence


  Quantum information processing (QIP) requires thorough assessment of
decoherence. Atoms or ions prepared for QIP often become addressed by radiation
within schemes of alternating microwave-optical double resonance. A
well-defined amount of decoherence may be applied to the system when spurious
resonance light is admitted simultaneously with the driving radiation. This
decoherence is quantified in terms of longitudinal and transversal relaxation.
It may serve for calibrating observed decoherence as well as for testing
error-correcting quantum codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1248 </DOCNO>
Correlated atomic motion and spin-ordering in bcc $^{3}$He


  We propose a new way to treat the ordering of nuclear magnetism of solid
$^{3}$He. We argue that the magnetic interaction arises indirectly as a
consequence of correlated zero-point motion of the ions. This motion lowers the
energy of the ground state, and results in a coherent state of oscillating
electric dipoles. Distortion of the electronic wavefunctions leads to hyperfine
magnetic interactions with the nuclear spin.
 Our model describes both the modification of the phonon spectra, localized
modes ("vacancies") and the nuclear magnetic ordering of bcc $^{3}$He using a
single parameter, the dipolar interaction energy $E_{0}$. The model yields
correctly both the u2d2 symmetry of the ordered phase and the volume dependence
of the magnetic interaction. We calculate the magnetic excitations in the u2d2
phase, which compare well with the measured specific-heat, free energy and
entropy. We further give a description of the nature of the High-Field phase
and the phase-transition lines as a function of magnetic field and volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124319 </DOCNO>
On the nature of the microquasar V4641 Sagittari


  We present photometric and spectroscopic optical and near-infrared (NIR)
observations (Based on observations collected at the European Southern
Observatory, Chile (ESO ID 63.H-0493 and 64.H-0382)) taken during the outburst
of the recently flaring source V4641 Sgr = SAX J1819.3-2525 (in't Zand et al.,
2000), on September 1999. This source was independently detected as the RXTE
source XTE J1819-254 (Markwardt et al. 1999), and afterwards identified with
the variable object V4641 Sgr (Kato et al. 1999). It underwent a bright optical
outburst on 1999 Sept. 15.7 UT, going from magnitude 14 to 8.8 in the V-band
(Stubbings 1999), and reaching 12.2 Crab in the X-rays (Smith et al. 1999) and
Ks nearly 13. This outburst was therefore bright, but very brief, with an
e-fold decay time of 0.6 days. A radio source was resolved, making of V4641 Sgr
a new microquasar (Hjellming et al. 2000). We discuss the nature of this
system, showing that our observations suggest a distance farther than
previously derived from the radio observations (Hjellming et al. 2000). The
distance of the system would be between 3 and 8 kpc, the companion star being a
B3-A2 main sequence star. Another possibility is that the companion star is
crossing the Hertzsprung gap (type B3-A2 IV), and in this case the distance
cited above would be the minimum distance of the system. The system is
therefore an Intermediate or High Mass X-ray Binary System (IMXB or HMXB). The
inconsistency regarding the distance between the radio and optical/NIR
observations could be explained by the detection of an interaction between
matter ejected before the X-ray outburst and the surrounding medium of the
source. If this is confirmed, this source could be added to the short list of
microquasars where such an interaction has been detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113473 </DOCNO>
Covariant Formulation of Electromagnetic 4-Momentum in Terms of


  The fundamental difference between the true transformations (TT) and the
apparent transformations (AT) is explained. The TT refer to the same quantity,
while the AT refer, e.g., to the same measurement in different inertial frames
of reference. It is shown that the usual transformations of the three-vectors E
and B are - the AT. The covariant electrodynamics with the four-vectors E(sup
alpha) and B(sup alpha) of the electric and magnetic field is constructed. It
is also shown that the conventional synchronous definitions of the
electromagnetic energy and momentum contain both, the AT of the volume,
i.e.,the Lorentz contraction, and the AT of E and B, while Rohrlich's
expressions contain only the AT of E and B. A manifestly covariant expression
for the energy-momentum density tensor and the electromagnetic 4-momentum is
constructed using E(sup alpha) and B(sup alpha). The "4/3" problem is discussed
and it is shown that all previous treatments either contain the AT of the
volume, or the AT of E and B, or both of them. In our approach all quantities
are four-dimensional spacetime tensors whose transformations are the TT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40889 </DOCNO>
Search for supersymmetric partners of top and bottom quarks at sqrt(s) =


  Searches for supersymmetric partners of top and bottom quarks are presented
using data taken by the DELPHI experiment at LEP in 1997 and 1998. No
deviations from standard model expectations are observed in these data sets,
which are taken at centre-of-mass energies of 183 GeV and 189 GeV and
correspond to integrated luminosities of 54 pb^{-1} and 158 pb^{-1}. These
results are used in combination with those obtained by DELPHI at lower
centre-of-mass energies to exclude regions in the squark-neutralino mass plane
at 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74395 </DOCNO>
T-odd fragmentation functions


  We discuss the properties of fragmentation functions arising from the
interference of two leading hadrons produced inside the same jet in the current
fragmentation region of a hard process. For the case of semi-inclusive Deep
Inelastic Scattering (DIS), a proper folding of the cross section, integrated
over the azimuthal position of the detected hadrons, produces a factorized form
that allows for the extraction of the quark transversity distribution at
leading twist. Using an extended spectator model, explicit calculations are
shown for the hadron pair being two pions with invariant mass inside the $\rho$
resonance width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73526 </DOCNO>
Total Cross Sections


  A unified approach to total cross-sections, based on the QCD contribution to
the rise with energy, is presented for the processes $pp$, $p{\bar p}$, $\gamma
p, \gamma \gamma, e^+e^- \to hadrons$. For proton processes, a discussion of
the role played by soft gluon summation in taming the fast rise due to
mini-jets is presented. For photon-photon processes, a comparison with other
models indicates the need for precision measurements in both the low and high
energy region, likely only with measurements at future Linear Colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148475 </DOCNO>
On Fermion Masses, Gradient Flows and Potential in Supersymmetric


  In any low energy effective supergravity theory general formulae exist which
allow one to discuss fermion masses, the scalar potential and breaking of
symmetries in a model independent set up. A particular role in this discussion
is played by Killing vectors and Killing prepotentials. We outline these
relations in general and specify then in the context of N=1 and N=2
supergravities in four dimensions. Useful relations of gauged quaternionic
geometry underlying hypermultiplets dynamics are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41183 </DOCNO>
\sigma(e^+ e^- \to hadrons)$ at low energy: experimental status and


  In this talk I will review the recent experimental status of $\sigma(e^+ e^-
\to hadrons)$ at $\sqrt{s}<10 GeV$ and the prospects for the future. The
influence on $\alpha_{QED}(M^2_{Z})$ and $(g-2)_{\mu}$ is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125348 </DOCNO>
Phase Calibration Sources in the Northern Sky at Galactic Latitudes


  The Jodrell Bank - VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS) of flat-spectrum sources
yielded a catalog of 2118 compact radio sources in the northern sky. Those
sources are being used as phase calibrators for many synthesis arrays. JVAS
suffers from a zone of avoidance because Galactic confusion prevented selection
of flat-spectrum sources at $\mid b \mid < 2.5\arcdeg$. This confusion problem
was overcome by selecting variable GB6 sources in the JVAS zone of avoidance. A
subset of these sources were observed at 8.5 GHz with the NRAO VLA in the JVAS
style, leading to 29 compact radio sources in the zone of avoidance whose
positions have been measured to an rms accuracy of about 10~mas or less. This
extension of the JVAS lists to lower Galactic latitudes (1) improves the
prospects for VLBA phase-referencing of Galactic targets and (2) strengthens
the lists' usefulness for studies of the Galactic interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86399 </DOCNO>
Binary black holes in circular orbits. I. A global spacetime approach


  We present a new approach to the problem of binary black holes in the
pre-coalescence stage, i.e. when the notion of orbit has still some meaning.
Contrary to previous numerical treatments which are based on the initial value
formulation of general relativity on a (3-dimensional) spacelike hypersurface,
our approach deals with the full (4-dimensional) spacetime. This permits a
rigorous definition of the orbital angular velocity. Neglecting the
gravitational radiation reaction, we assume that the black holes move on closed
circular orbits, which amounts to endowing the spacetime with a helical Killing
vector. We discuss the choice of the spacetime manifold, the desired properties
of the spacetime metric, as well as the choice of the rotation state for the
black holes. As a simplifying assumption, the space 3-metric is approximated by
a conformally flat one. The problem is then reduced to solving five of the ten
Einstein equations, which are derived here, as well as the boundary conditions
on the black hole surfaces and at spatial infinity. We exhibit the remaining
five Einstein equations and propose to use them to evaluate the error induced
by the conformal flatness approximation. The orbital angular velocity of the
system is computed through a requirement which reduces to the classical virial
theorem at the Newtonian limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95931 </DOCNO>
Laplace transform of spherical Bessel functions


  We provide a simple analytic formula in terms of elementary functions for the
Laplace transform j_{l}(p) of the spherical Bessel function than that appearing
in the literature, and we show that any such integral transform is a polynomial
of order l in the variable p with constant coefficients for the first l-1
powers, and with an inverse tangent function of argument 1/p as the coefficient
of the power l. We apply this formula for the Laplace transform of the memory
function related to the Langevin equation in a one-dimensional Debye model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86574 </DOCNO>
The covariant graviton propagator in de Sitter spacetime


  We consider the covariant graviton propagator in de Sitter spacetime in a
gauge with two parameters, alpha and beta, in the Euclidean approach. We give
an explicit form of the propagator with a particular choice of beta but with
arbitrary value of alpha. We confirm that two-point functions of local
gauge-invariant quantities do not increase as the separation of the two points
becomes large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3632 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Critical current density from magnetization hysteresis data


  A recent paper [Physical Review {\bf B 64} 014508 (2001)] claims to present
an exact method to extract the critical current density J$_C$ from the M-H
hysteresis curve. We show that this claim appears unjustified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113815 </DOCNO>
Microwave-induced control of Free Electron Laser radiation


  The dynamical response of a relativistic bunch of electrons injected in a
planar magnetic undulator and interacting with a counterpropagating
electromagnetic wave is studied. We demonstrate a resonance condition for which
the free electron laser (FEL) dynamics is strongly influenced by the presence
of the external field. It opens up the possibility of control of short
wavelength FEL emission characteristics by changing the parameters of the
microwave field without requiring change in the undulator's geometry or
configuration. Numerical examples, assuming realistic parameter values
analogous to those of the TTF-FEL, currently under development at DESY, are
given for possible control of the amplitude or the polarization of the emitted
radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129197 </DOCNO>
X-ray properties of Red Active Galactic Nuclei


  The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) is finding previously unidentified,
luminous red active galactic nuclei (AGN). This new sample has a space density
similar to, or greater than, previously known AGN, suggesting that a large
fraction of the overall population has been missed. Chandra observations of a
well-defined subset of these objects reveal that all are X-ray faint, with the
reddest sources being the faintest in X-rays. The X-ray hardness ratios cover a
wide range, generally indicating log NH ~21-23 /cm*2, but the softest sources
show no spectral evidence for intrinsic absorption. These characteristics
suggest that a mix of absorbed, direct emission and unabsorbed, scattered
and/or extended emission contributes to the X-ray flux, although we cannot rule
out the possibility that they are intrinsically X-ray weak. This population of
X-ray faint, predominantly broad-line objects could provide the missing
population of X-ray absorbed AGN required by current models of the cosmic X-ray
background. The existence of AGN which display both broad emission lines and
absorbed X-rays has important implications for unification schemes and
emphasizes the need for care in assigning classifications to individual AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84063 </DOCNO>
On Supporting Interactive Association Rule Mining


  We investigate ways to support interactive mining sessions, in the setting of
association rule mining. In such sessions, users specify conditions (filters)
on the associations to be generated. Our approach is a combination of the
incorporation of filtering conditions inside the mining phase, and the
filtering of already generated associations. We present several concrete
algorithms and compare their performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126107 </DOCNO>
The growth of galaxies in cosmological simulations of structure


  We use hydrodynamic simulations to examine how the baryonic components of
galaxies are assembled, focusing on the relative importance of mergers and
smooth accretion in the formation of ~L_* systems. In our primary simulation,
which models a (50\hmpc)^3 comoving volume of a Lambda-dominated cold dark
matter universe, the space density of objects at our (64-particle) baryon mass
resolution threshold, M_c=5.4e10 M_sun, corresponds to that of observed
galaxies with L~L_*/4. Galaxies above this threshold gain most of their mass by
accretion rather than by mergers. At the redshift of peak mass growth, z~2,
accretion dominates over merging by about 4:1. The mean accretion rate per
galaxy declines from ~40 M_sun/yr at z=2 to ~10 M_sun/yr at z=0, while the
merging rate peaks later (z~1) and declines more slowly, so by z=0 the ratio is
about 2:1. We cannot distinguish truly smooth accretion from merging with
objects below our mass resolution threshold, but extrapolating our measured
mass spectrum of merging objects, dP/dM ~ M^a with a ~ -1, implies that
sub-resolution mergers would add relatively little mass. The global star
formation history in these simulations tracks the mass accretion rate rather
than the merger rate. At low redshift, destruction of galaxies by mergers is
approximately balanced by the growth of new systems, so the comoving space
density of resolved galaxies stays nearly constant despite significant mass
evolution at the galaxy-by-galaxy level. The predicted merger rate at z<~1
agrees with recent estimates from close pairs in the CFRS and CNOC2 redshift
surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128927 </DOCNO>
Direct determination of quasar redshifts


  We present observations of 11 quasars, selected in the range z = 2.2-4.1,
obtained with ESA's Superconducting Tunnel Junction (STJ) camera on the WHT.
Using a single template quasar spectrum, we show that we can determine the
redshifts of these objects to about 1%. A follow-up spectroscopic observation
of one QSO for which our best-fit redshift (z = 2.976) differs significantly
from the tentative literature value (z ~ 2.30) confirms that the latter was
incorrect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2989 </DOCNO>
Glassy dynamics of the inhomogeneous metallic phase in La1-xCaxMnO3


  The anelastic spectra (elastic energy loss and dynamic modulus versus
temperature) of La1-xCaxMnO3 have been measured for 0.33< x < 0.5. A peak in
the imaginary part of the elastic susceptibility is found slightly below the
Curie temperature, whose temperature and frequency dependences are typical of
the dielectric and magnetic susceptibilities of relaxor ferroelectrics, spin
glasses and other inhomogeneous frustrated systems. The fluctuations can be
associated with the magnetic clusters which are observed by several techniques
or with charge-ordered insulating domains in the low temperature inhomogeneous
phase. The temperature dependent distribution function of the fluctuation
energy barriers has been extracted by the analysis of the experimental curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75701 </DOCNO>
The Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction and Large N_c QCD


  The nature of the nonrelativistic nucleon-nucleon potential in the large N_c
limit is discussed. In particular, we address the consistency of the meson
exchange picture of nucleon interactions. It is shown that the nonrelativistic
nucleon-nucleon potential extracted from the Feynmann graphs up to and
including two-meson exchange diagrams satisfies the spin-flavor counting rules
of Kaplan and Savage, and Kaplan and Manohar, provided the nucleon momenta is
of order N_{c}^{0}. The key to this is a cancelation of the retardation effect
of the box graphs against the contributions of the crossed-box diagram. The
consistency requires including $\Delta$ as an intermediate state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125197 </DOCNO>
Radiation in a Fractal Cosmology


  It is shown that Homogeneous radiation can not be included in the Fractal
Cosmological model obtained earlier by assuming an isotropic fractal
cosmography, General Relativity and the Copernican Principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125457 </DOCNO>
Spatially-resolved Thermal Continuum Absorption against the Supernova


  We present sub-arcminute resolution imaging of the Galactic supernova remnant
W49B at 74 MHz (25") and 327 MHz (6"), the former being the lowest frequency at
which the source has been resolved. While the 327 MHz image shows a shell-like
morphology similar to that seen at higher frequencies, the 74 MHz image is
considerably different, with the southwest region of the remnant almost
completely attenuated. The implied 74 MHz optical depth (~ 1.6) is much higher
than the intrinsic absorption levels seen inside two other relatively young
remnants, Cas A and the Crab Nebula, nor are natural variations in the
relativistic electron energy spectra expected at such levels. The geometry of
the absorption is also inconsistent with intrinsic absorption. We attribute the
absorption to extrinsic free-free absorption by a intervening cloud of thermal
electrons. Its presence has already been inferred from the low-frequency
turnover in the integrated continuum spectrum and from the detection of radio
recombination lines toward the remnant. Our observations confirm the basic
conclusions of those measurements, and our observations have resolved the
absorber into a complex of classical HII regions surrounded either partially or
fully by low-density HII gas. We identify this low-density gas as an extended
HII region envelope (EHE), whose statistical properties were inferred from low
resolution meter- and centimeter-wavelength recombination line observations.
Comparison of our radio images with HI and H_2CO observations show that the
intervening thermal gas is likely associated with neutral and molecular
material as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148819 </DOCNO>
Quantum bounds for gravitational de Sitter entropy and the


  We analyze different types of quantum corrections to the Cardy-Verlinde
entropy formula in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe and in an (anti)-de
Sitter space. In all cases we show that quantum corrections can be represented
by an effective cosmological constant which is then used to redefine the
parameters entering the Cardy-Verlinde formula so that it becomes valid also
with quantum corrections, a fact that we interpret as a further indication of
its universality. A proposed relation between Cardy-Verlinde formula and the
ADM Hamiltonian constraint is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128949 </DOCNO>
CMB: The ultimate test for theoretical models aiming at describing the


  In this talk, I will illustrate how one can use the cosmic microwave
background anisotropy measurements, in order to test theoretical models aiming
at describing the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1813 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Percolative Superconductivity in Heavily Overdoped High


  Magnetic measurements on heavily overdoped $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$,
$Tl_2Ba_2CuO_6$, $Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6$ and $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8$ single crystals reveal
a new type magnetization hysteresis loops characterized by the vanishing of
usual central peak near zero field. Since this effect has been observed in
various systems with very different structural details, it reflects probably a
generic behavior for all high temperature superconductors. This easy
penetration of magnetic flux can be understood in the picture of percolative
superconductivity due to the inhomogeneous electronic state in heavily
overdoped regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87046 </DOCNO>
Geometrical Origin of Fermion Families in SU(2)xU(1) Gauge Theory


  A spontaneously broken SU(2)xU(1) gauge theory with just one "primordial"
generation of fermions is formulated in the context of generally covariant
theory which contains two measures of integration in the action: the standard
\sqrt{-g}d^{4}x and a new \Phi d^{4}x, where \Phi is a density built out of
degrees of freedom independent of the metric. Such type of models are known to
produce a satisfactory answer to the cosmological constant problem. Global
scale invariance is implemented. After SSB of scale invariance and gauge
symmetry it is found that with the conditions appropriate to laboratory
particle physics experiments, to each primordial fermion field corresponds
three physical fermionic states. Two of them correspond to particles with
constant masses and they are identified with the first two generations of the
electro-weak theory. The third fermionic states at the classical level get
non-polynomial interactions which indicate the existence of fermionic
condensate and fermionic mass generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169427 </DOCNO>
Dynamical effects of a one-dimensional multibarrier potential of finite


  We discuss the properties of a large number N of one-dimensional (bounded)
locally periodic potential barriers in a finite interval. We show that the
transmission coefficient, the scattering cross section $\sigma$, and the
resonances of $\sigma$ depend sensitively upon the ratio of the total spacing
to the total barrier width. We also show that a time dependent wave packet
passing through the system of potential barriers rapidly spreads and deforms, a
criterion suggested by Zaslavsky for chaotic behaviour. Computing the spectrum
by imposing (large) periodic boundary conditions we find a Wigner type
distribution. We investigate also the S-matrix poles; many resonances occur for
certain values of the relative spacing between the barriers in the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7451 </DOCNO>
Motional rotating wave approximation for harmonically trapped particles


  We present a family of generalized unitary transformations that simplifies
the Hamiltonian for a harmonically trapped two level atom (or ion) interacting
with a plane wave laser field. Novel near resonant single as well as double
vibrational phonon dynamical regimes are found. The validity condition of the
often used motional rotating wave approximation (MRWA) is examined both
numerically and analytically. Large errors are found within typical regimes of
MRWA with respect to the motional degrees of freedom. The effects of MRWA in
trapped ion systems are shown to be opposite to that of the rotating wave
approximation (RWA) in the usual Jaynes-Cummings model. Our study points to a
more restrictive condition on particle localization (Lamb-Dicke) parameter for
the validity of MRWA in the single phonon dynamical regime. It also sheds new
light on quantum information storage and processing with trapped atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128275 </DOCNO>
HST Survey of Clusters in Nearby Galaxies. I. Detection and Photometry


  We have developed photometric techniques that can be applied to images with
highly-variable backgrounds, as well as to slightly-extended objects (object
size comparable to or smaller than PSF size). We have shown that ordinary
stellar PSF-fitting photometry can be applied to slightly-extended objects,
provided that one applies a systematic correction to the photometry that is a
function primarily of the observed sharpness. Applying these techniques to the
Cepheid target NGC 3627, we find that we are successfully able to photometer
the stars and clusters, as well as discriminating the cluster population with a
negligible number of false detections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98116 </DOCNO>
Representations of Hecke algebras and dilations of semigroup crossed


  We consider a family of Hecke C*-algebras which can be realised as crossed
products by semigroups of endomorphisms. We show by dilating representations of
the semigroup crossed product that the category of representations of the Hecke
algebra is equivalent to the category of continuous unitary representations of
a totally disconnected locally compact group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87169 </DOCNO>
New embedding of Schwarzschild geometry. I. Exterior solution


  We propose a global minimal embedding of the Schwarzschild theory in a
five-dimensional flat space by using two surfaces. Covariant field equations
are deduced for the gravitational forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2067 </DOCNO>
A Role of a Spatial Dispersion of an Electromagnetic Wave Coming Through


  A theory of light transmission through a quantum well (QW) in a magnetic
field perpendicular to the QW plane is developed. The light wave length is
supposed comparable with the QW width. The formulas for reflection, absorption
and transmission take into account the spatial dispersion of the light
monochromatic wave and a difference of the refraction indexes of the QW and
barrier. We suppose a normal light incidence on the QW plane and consider only
one excited energy level. These two factors influence mostly light reflection,
since an additional reflection from the QW borders appears to the reflection
due to interband transitions in the QW. The most radical changes in reflection
appear when a radiative broadening of the excited energy level is small in
comparison to a nonradiative broadening. Our theory is limited by the condition
of existence of size-quantized energy levels which is satisfied for quite
narrow QW's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123569 </DOCNO>
Damping time and stability of density fermion perturbations in the


  The classic problem of the growth of density perturbations in an expanding
Newtonian universe is revisited following the work of Bisnovatyi-Kogan and
Zel'dovich. We propose a more general analytical approach: a system of free
particles satisfying semi-degenerate Fermi-Dirac statistics on the background
of an exact expanding solution is examined in the linear approximation. This
differs from the corresponding work of Bisnovatyi-Kogan and Zel'dovich where
classical particles fulfilling Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics were considered.
The solutions of the Boltzmann equation are obtained by the method of
characteristics. An expression for the damping time of a decaying solution is
discussed and a zone in which free streaming is hampered is found,
corresponding to wavelengths less than the Jeans one. In the evolution of the
system, due to the decrease of the Jeans length, those perturbations may lead
to gravitational collapse. At variance with current opinions, we deduce that
perturbations with lambda >=lambda_(J Max)/1.48 are able to generate structures
and the lower limit for substructures mass is M = M_(J max)/(1.48)^3 ~ M_(J
max)/3, where M_(J max) is the maximum value of the Jeans mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113674 </DOCNO>
Cooling atoms in an optical trap by selective parametric excitation


  We demonstrate the possibility of energy-selective removal of cold atoms from
a tight optical trap by means of parametric excitation of the trap vibrational
modes. Taking advantage of the anharmonicity of the trap potential, we
selectively remove the most energetic trapped atoms or excite those at the
bottom of the trap by tuning the parametric modulation frequency. This process,
which had been previously identified as a possible source of heating, also
appears to be a robust way for forcing evaporative cooling in anharmonic traps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72858 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Muon in a Composite Model


  We make a fresh evaluation of contributions to (g-2) of the muon in the
framework of a preonic model with coloured vectorlike leptons and heavy
coloured Z bosons and discuss their implications in the light of the recent
Brookhaven measurement. It is shown that the observed deviation can be
explained within this framework with masses and couplings consistent with all
constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1467 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium and kinetics at the coil-to-globule transition of star and


  By means of continuous space Monte Carlo simulation we study conformational
structures formed by star and comb heteropolymers during kinetics of folding
from the coil to the globule, as well as the corresponding equilibrium states
on going from the good to the poor solution. Particular examples of combs with
hydrophobic backbone and hydrophilic side-groups (and vice versa), as well as
stars with flexible and semi-stiff arms are studied. It is interesting to note
that star-like conformations naturally appear for a comb polymer with a
strongly hydrophobic backbone. We emphasise the crucial difference in the
spatial distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers within the
globular states for the above mentioned two types of combs. In case of stars,
the non-equilibrium states during kinetics of the coil-to-globule transition
correspond to formation of localised pearls within flexible arms, whereas
semi-stiff arms prefer to join with each other remaining essentially extended.
These studies present natural extension of our previous works on the
equilibrium and kinetic properties of linear and ring heteropolymers based on
the Gaussian self-consistent method and lattice Monte Carlo technique. However,
in studying polymers with more nontrivial topology continuous space simulation
has some essential advantages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114176 </DOCNO>
On Aryabhata's Planetary Constants


  This paper examines the theory of a Babylonian origin of Aryabhata's
planetary constants. It shows that Aryabhata's basic constant is closer to the
Indian counterpart than to the Babylonian one. Sketching connections between
Aryabhata's framework and earlier Indic astronomical ideas on yugas and cyclic
calendar systems, it is argued that Aryabhata's system is an outgrowth of an
earlier Indic tradition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148717 </DOCNO>
Tachyonic Kink and Lump-like Solutions in Superstring Field Theory


  We construct a kink solution on a non-BPS D-brane using Berkovits'
formulation of superstring field theory in the level truncation scheme. The
tension of the kink reproduces 95% of the expected BPS D-brane tension. We also
find a lump-like solution which is interpreted as a kink--antikink pair, and
investigate some of its properties. These results may be considered as
successful tests of Berkovits' superstring field theory combined with the
modified level truncation scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6633 </DOCNO>
Phonon-assisted luminescence of magnetoexcitons in semiconductor quantum


  We consider a line-shape of magnetoexciton photoluminescence from quantum
wells when the disorder is sufficiently small. In this case the phonon-assisted
optical transitions become important for the line formation. We study both
inter-band and intra-band excitons. For inter-band excitons the width of a
single peak emission line is calculated as a function of temperature and
quantum well width. For intra-band excitons the double peak of the emission
line is predicted when the electron filling factor is odd and greater or equal
to three. In the latter case the lowest magnetoexciton dispersion curve has a
minimum at non-zero momentum. Then the higher-energy peak results from the
direct optical emission of zero-momentum excitons. The origin of the
lower-energy peak is the phonon-assisted transitions from the non-zero momentum
exciton states. With increasing temperature, the higher-energy peak becomes
more pronounced and the lower-energy peak vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40871 </DOCNO>
B Mixing


  The neutral $B$ mesons, $B^0$ and $B_s$, can oscillate between their particle
and antiparticle states owing to flavor-changing weak interactions. In recent
years, techniques to detect these oscillations as a function of the meson's
decay time have been developed. In this article the physics of flavor
oscillations is reviewed and theoretical predictions are summarized. The many
observations that demonstrate the time-dependence of $B^0-\B0bar$ oscillations
are presented along with a combined measurement of its frequency, $\delta m_d$.
The attempts to measure the $B_s$ oscillation frequency, both directly and
indirectly, are then summarized. Finally, values for the CKM elements
$|V_{td}|$ and $|V_{ts}/V_{td}|$ are extracted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7149 </DOCNO>
D-wave superconductivity in doped Mott insulators


  The effect of proximity to a Mott insulating phase on the charge transport
properties of a superconductor is determined. An action describing the low
energy physics is formulated and different scenarios for the approach to the
Mott phase are distinguished by different variation with doping of the
parameters in the action. A crucial issue is found to be the doping dependence
of the quasiparticle charge which is defined here and which controls the
temperature and field dependence of the electromagnetic response functions.
Presently available data on high-T$_{c}$ superconductors are analysed. The
data, while neither complete nor entirely consistent, suggest that neither the
quasiparticle velocity nor the quasiparticle charge vanish as the Mott phase is
approached, in contradiction to the predictions of several widely studied
theories of lightly doped Mott insulators. Implications of the results for the
structure of vortices in high-T$_{c}$ superconductors are determined. The
numerical coefficients in the field-dependent specific heat are given for
square and triangular vortex lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168381 </DOCNO>
An analysis of a two-atom double-slit experiment based on


  To investigate the effect of a classical environment on a quantum mechanical
system we consider two two-level atoms in a free radiation field in the
presence of a screen. By assuming that the screen causes continuous ideal
measurements on the free radiation field we derive a quantum jump description
for the state of the atoms. Our results are consistent with the master
equations for dipole interacting atoms, but give more insight in the time
evolution of a single system. To illustrate this we derive a necessary and
sufficient criterion for interference in a two-atom double-slit experiment and
analyse bunching in the statistics of photons emitted in a certain direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85768 </DOCNO>
Solitons in Non-Abelian Born-Infeld Theory


  Born-Infeld generalization of the Yang-Mills action suggested by the
superstring theory gives rise to modification of previously known as well as to
some new classical soliton solutions. Earlier it was shown that within the
model with the usual trace over the group generators classical glueballs exist
which form an infinite sequence similar to the Bartnik-McKinnon family of the
Einstein-Yang-Mills solutions. Here we give the generalization of this result
to the 'realistic' model with the symmetrized trace and show the existence of
excited monopoles (in presence of triplet Higgs) which can be regarded as a
non-linear superposition of monopoles and sphalerons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72917 </DOCNO>
Subleading Isgur-Wise form factors and O(1/m_Q) corrections to the


  Exclusive semileptonic decays B->D_1(2420)l\bar\nu and B->D_2^*(2460)l\bar\nu
are studied at the subleading order of the heavy quark expansion. The
subleading Isgur-Wise functions resulted from the kinetic energy and
chromomagnetic corrections to the HQET Lagrangian are calculated by QCD sum
rules in the framework of the heavy quark effective theory. The decay rates and
branching ratios are computed with the inclusion of the order of 1/m_Q
corrections. It is found that the 1/m_Q correction to the decay rate is not
large for B->D^*_2 but is very large for B->D_1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76293 </DOCNO>
UV-IR coupling in higher derivative gravity


  We discuss the possible existence of new generic vacuum solutions of
Robertson-Walker form in higher derivative gravity theories in four dimensions.
These solutions illustrate how a dynamical coupling between very low and very
high frequency modes can occur when the cosmological constant is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1484 </DOCNO>
Theory for the ultrafast ablation of graphite films


  The physical mechanisms for damage formation in graphite films induced by
femtosecond laser pulses are analyzed using a microscopic electronic theory. We
describe the nonequilibrium dynamics of electrons and lattice by performing
molecular dynamics simulations on time-dependent potential energy surfaces. We
show that graphite has the unique property of exhibiting two distinct laser
induced structural instabilities. For high absorbed energies (> 3.3 eV/atom) we
find nonequilibrium melting followed by fast evaporation. For low intensities
above the damage threshold (> 2.0 eV/atom) ablation occurs via removal of
intact graphite sheets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86668 </DOCNO>
Ghost spinors, shadow electrons and the Deutsch Multiverse


  In this article a new solution of the Einstein-Dirac's equations is
presented. There are ghost spinors, i.e. the stress-energy tensor is equal to
zero and the current of these fields is non-zero vector. Last the ghost
neutrino was found. These ghost spinors and shadow particles of Deutsch are
identified. And in result the ghost spinors have a physical interpretation and
solutions of the field equations for shadow electrons as another shadow
particles are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 291 </DOCNO>
Heat transfer and Fourier's law in off-equilibrium systems


  We study the most suitable procedure to measure the effective temperature in
off-equilibrium systems. We analyze the stationary current established between
an off-equilibrium system and a thermometer and the necessary conditions for
that current to vanish. We find that the thermometer must have a short
characteristic time-scale compared to the typical decorrelation time of the
glassy system to correctly measure the effective temperature. This general
conclusion is confirmed analyzing an ensemble of harmonic oscillators with
Monte Carlo dynamics as an illustrative example of a solvable model of a glass.
We also find that the current defined allows to extend Fourier's law to the
off-equilibrium regime by consistently defining effective transport
coefficients. Our results for the oscillator model explain why thermal
conductivities between thermalized and frozen degrees of freedom in structural
glasses are extremely small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81338 </DOCNO>
The Consequences of Non-Normality


  The non-normality of Wilson-type lattice Dirac operators has important
consequences - the application of the usual concepts from the textbook
(hermitian) quantum mechanics should be reconsidered. This includes an
appropriate definition of observables and the refinement of computational
tools. We show that the truncated singular value expansion is the optimal
approximation to the inverse operator D^{-1} and we prove that due to the
gamma_5-hermiticity it is equivalent to gamma_5 times the truncated eigenmode
expansion of the hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3398 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field scaling of Relaxation curves in Small Particle Systems


  We study the effects of the magnetic field on the relaxation of the
magnetization of small monodomain non-interacting particles with random
orientations and distribution of anisotropy constants. Starting from a master
equation, we build up an expression for the time dependence of the
magnetization which takes into account thermal activation only over barriers
separating energy minima, which, in our model, can be computed exactly from
analytical expressions. Numerical calculations of the relaxation curves for
different distribution widths, and under different magnetic fields H and
temperatures T, have been performed. We show how a $\svar$ scaling of the
curves, at different T and for a given H, can be carried out after proper
normalization of the data to the equilibrium magnetization. The resulting
master curves are shown to be closely related to what we call effective energy
barrier distributions, which, in our model, can be computed exactly from
analytical expressions. The concept of effective distribution serves us as a
basis for finding a scaling variable to scale relaxation curves at different H
and a given T, thus showing that the field dependence of energy barriers can be
also extracted from relaxation measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125912 </DOCNO>
The Case Against Cold, Dark Chromospheres


  Is the solar chromosphere always hot, with relatively small temperature
variations ($\delta T/T\sim0.1$); or is it cold most of the time, with
temperature fluctuations that reach $\delta T/T\sim 10$ at the top of the
chromosphere? Or, equivalently: Is the chromosphere heated continually, or only
for a few seconds once every three minutes? Two types of empirical model, one
essentially time independent and always hot, the other highly time dependent
and mostly cold, come to fundamentally different conclusions. This paper
analyzes the time-dependent model of the quiet, nonmagnetic chromosphere by
Carlsson & Stein (1994: CS94) and shows that it predicts deep absorption lines,
none of which is observed; intensity fluctuations in the Lyman continuum that
are much larger than observed; and time-averaged emission that falls far short
of the observed emission. The paper concludes that the solar chromosphere,
while time dependent, is never cold and dark. The same conclusion applies for
stellar chromospheres.
  A complete, time-dependent model of the nonmagnetic chromosphere must
describe two phenomena: (1) dynamics, like that modeled by CS94 for
chromospheric bright points but corrected for the geometrical properties of
shocks propagating in an upward-expanding channel; and (2) the energetically
more important general, sustained heating of the chromosphere, as described by
current time-independent empirical models, but modified in the upper
photosphere for the formation of molecular absorption lines of CO in a
dynamical medium. This model is always hot and, except for absorption features
caused by departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium, shows chromospheric
lines only in emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41858 </DOCNO>
Status of four-neutrino mass schemes: a global and unified approach to


  We present a unified global analysis of neutrino oscillation data within the
framework of the four-neutrino mass schemes (3+1) and (2+2). We include all
data from solar and atmospheric neutrino experiments, as well as information
from short-baseline experiments including LSND. If we combine only solar and
atmospheric neutrino data, (3+1) schemes are clearly preferred, whereas
short-baseline data in combination with atmospheric data prefers (2+2) models.
When combining all data in a global analysis the (3+1) mass scheme gives a
slightly better fit than the (2+2) case, though all four-neutrino schemes are
presently acceptable. The LSND result disfavors the three-active neutrino
scenario with only $\Delta m^2_{sol}$ and $\Delta m^2_{atm}$ at 99.9% CL with
respect to the four-neutrino best fit model. We perform a detailed analysis of
the goodness of fit to identify which sub-set of the data is in disagreement
with the best fit solution in a given mass scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76710 </DOCNO>
A Determination of the Nucleon Tensor Charge


  Exploiting an approximate phenomenological symmetry of the $J^{PC}=1^{+-}$
light axial vector mesons and using pole dominance, we calculate the flavor
contributions to the nucleon tensor charge. The result depends on the decay
constants of the axial vector mesons and their couplings to the nucleons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73503 </DOCNO>
Hagedorn transition, vortices and D0 branes: Lessons from 2+1 confining


  We study the behaviour of Polyakov confining string in the Georgi-Glashow
model in three dimensions near confining-deconfining phase transition described
in hep-th/0010201. In the string language, the transition mechanism is the
decay of the confining string into D0 branes (charged W bosons of the
Georgi-Glashow model). In the world-sheet picture the world-lines of heavy D0
branes at finite temperature are represented as world-sheet vortices of a
certain type, and the transition corresponds to the condensation of these
vortices. We also show that the ``would be'' Hagedorn transition in the
confining string (which is not realized in our model) corresponds to the
monopole binding transition in the field theoretical language. The fact that
the decay into D0 branes occurs at lower than the Hagedorn temperature is
understood as the consequence of the large thickness of the confining string
and finite mass of the $D0$ branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124426 </DOCNO>
Low Frequency VLA Observations of Abell 754: Evidence for a Cluster


  We present 74 MHz and 330 MHz VLA observations of Abell 754. Diffuse,
halo-like emission is detected from the center of the cluster at both
frequencies. At 330 MHz the resolution of 90'' distinguishes this extended
emission from previously known point sources. In addition to the halo and at a
much lower level, outlying steep-spectrum emission regions straddle the cluster
center and are seen only at 74 MHz. The location, morphology and spectrum of
this emission are all highly suggestive of at least one, and possibly two
cluster radio relics. Easily obtained higher resolution, higher sensitivity VLA
observations at both frequencies are required to confirm the extended nature of
the halo-like emission and the 74 MHz relic detections. However, since there is
prior evidence that this cluster is or has recently been in the process of a
major merger event, the possible discovery of relics in this system is of great
interest in light of recent observational and theoretical evidence in favor of
a merger-relic connection. We discuss the possible role the merger shock waves,
which are seen in the X-ray emission, may have played in the formation of the
halo and radio relics in A754.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72592 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to the Casimir force and effective field theories


  Radiative corrections to the Casimir force between two parallel plates are
considered in both scalar field theory of one massless and one massive field
and in QED. Full calculations are contrasted with calculations based on
employing ``boundary-free'' effective field theories. The difference between
two previous results on QED radiative corrections to the Casimir force between
two parallel plates is clarified and the low-energy effective field theory for
the Casimir effect in QED is constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149936 </DOCNO>
A Note on Invariant Measure on the Local Gauge Group


  In this paper we investigated the problem of the existence of invariant
meaures on the local gauge group. We prove that it is impossible to define a
{\it finite} translationally invariant measure on the local gauge group
$C^{\infty}({\bf R}^n,G)$(where $G$ is an arbitrary matrix Lie group).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148885 </DOCNO>
Operatorial quantization of Born-Infeld Skyrmion model and hidden


  The SU(2) collective coordinates expansion of the Born-Infeld\break Skyrmion
Lagrangian is performed. The classical Hamiltonian is computed from this
special Lagrangian in approximative way: it is derived from the expansion of
this non-polynomial Lagrangian up to second-order variable in the collective
coordinates. This second-class constrained model is quantized by Dirac
Hamiltonian method and symplectic formalism. Although it is not expected to
find symmetries on second-class systems, a hidden symmetry is disclosed by
formulating the Born-Infeld Skyrmion %model as a gauge theory. To this end we
developed a new constraint conversion technique based on the symplectic
formalism. Finally, a discussion on the role played by the hidden symmetry on
the computation of the energy spectrum is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128891 </DOCNO>
Intermediate-band Surface Photometry of the Edge-on Galaxy: NGC 4565


  We present a deep, 42.79 hr image of the nearby, edge-on galaxy NGC 4565 in
the
 Beijing-Arizona-Taipei-Connecticut (BATC) 6660A band using the large-format
CCD system on the 0.6m Schmidt telescope at the Xinglong Station of the
National
 Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC). we obtain a final image that is
calibrated to an accuracy of 0.02 mag in zero point, and for which we can
measure galaxy surface brightness to an accuracy of 0.25 mag at a surface
brightness at 27.5 mag arcsec^-2 at 6660A, corresponding to a distance of 22
kpc from the center of the disk. The integrated magnitude of NGC4565 in our
filter is m6660=8.99 (R magnitude of 9.1) to a surface brightness of 28 mag
arcsec-2. We analyze the faint outer parts of this galaxy using a
two-dimensional model comprised of three components: an exponential thin disk,
an exponential thick disk, and a power-law halo. A total of 12 parameters are
included in our model. We determine the best values of our model parameters via
10,000 random initial values, 3,700 of which converge to final values. The thin
disk and thick disk parameters we determine here are consistent with those of
previous studies of this galaxy. However, our very deep image permits a better
determination of the power law fit to the halo, constraining this power law to
be between r^-3.2 and r^-4.0, with a best fit value of r^-3.88. We find the
axis ratio of the halo to be 0.44 and its core radius to be 14.4 kpc (for an
adopted distance of 14.5 Mpc).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128518 </DOCNO>
Asteroseismic Inference for Solar-Type Stars


  The oscillation spectra of solar-type stars may in the not-too- distant
future be used to constrain certain properties of the stars. The CD diagram of
large versus small frequency separations is one of the powerful tools available
to infer the properties - including perhaps masses and ages - of stars which
display a detectable spectrum of oscillation. Also, the border of a convective
region in a solar-type star gives rise to a characteristic periodic signal in
the star's low-degree p-mode frequencies. Such a signature contains information
about the location and nature of the transition between convective and
non-convective regions in the star. In this work we address some of the
uncertainties associated with the direct use of the CD diagram to evaluate the
mass and age of the star due to the unknown contributions that make the stars
different from the evolutionary models used to construct our reference grid. We
also explore the possibility of combining an amplitude versus period diagram
with the CD diagram to evaluate the properties of convective borders within
solar-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75787 </DOCNO>
Two Body B Decays, Factorization and LambdaQCD/mb Corrections


  By using the recent experimental measurements of B -> pi pi and B -> K pi
branching ratios, we find that the amplitudes computed at the leading order of
the LambdaQCD/mb expansion disagree with the observed BRs, even taking into
account the uncertainties of the input parameters. Beyond the leading order,
Charming and GIM penguins allow to reconcile the theoretical predictions with
the data. Because of these large effects, we conclude, however, that it is not
possible, with the present theoretical and experimental accuracy, to determine
the CP violation angle gamma from these decays. We compare our results with
those obtained with the parametrization of the chirally enhanced
non-perturbative contributions by BBNS. We also predict large asymmetries for
several of the particle--antiparticle BRs, in particular BR(B+ -> K+ pi0),
BR(Bd -> K+ pi-) and BR(Bd -> pi+ pi-).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98429 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of less regular conductivities in the plane


  We study the inverse conductivity problem of how to reconstruct an isotropic
electrical conductivity distribution $\gamma$ in an object from static
electrical measurements on the boundary of the object. We give an exact
reconstruction algorithm for the conductivity $\gamma\in C^{1+\epsilon}(\ol
\Om)$ in the plane domain $\Omega$ from the associated Dirichlet to Neumann map
on $\partial \Om.$ Hence we improve earlier reconstruction results. The method
used relies on a well-known reduction to a first order system, for which the
$\ol\partial$-method of inverse scattering theory can be applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3902 </DOCNO>
On the Finite Size Scaling in Disordered Systems


  The critical behavior of a quenched random hypercubic sample of linear size
$L$ is considered, within the ``random-$T_{c}$'' field-theoretical mode, by
using the renormalization group method. A finite-size scaling behavior is
established and analyzed near the upper critical dimension $d=4-\epsilon$ and
some universal results are obtained. The problem of self-averaging is clarified
for different critical regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113749 </DOCNO>
Generalization of differential Maxwell equations from integral


  We study differential equations, describing interaction of electromagnetic
field with moving sidebars and surfaces, coming from integral electrodynamics
laws. It is shown that differential equations contain but the such features of
electromagnetic field as E, H, distributions of charges and currents, as well
as features of surfaces, to which sidebar is leaning, changing its form with a
time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179279 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Probes and Nuclear Effective Field Theory


  There is growing interest in nuclear physics applications of effective field
theory. I give a brief account of some of the latest developments in this area.
I also describe interplay between this new approach and the traditional nuclear
physics approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114442 </DOCNO>
Application of novel techniques for interferogram analysis to


  Recently, two novel techniques for the extraction of the phase-shift map
(Tomassini {\it et.~al.}, Applied Optics {\bf 40} 35 (2001)) and the electronic
density map estimation (Tomassini P. and Giulietti A., Optics Communication
{\bf 199}, pp 143-148 (2001)) have been proposed. In this paper we apply both
methods to a sample laser-plasma interferogram obtained with femtoseconds probe
pulse, in an experimental setup devoted to laser particle acceleration studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6118 </DOCNO>
Single-Electron Measurements with a Micromechanical Resonator


  A mechanical electroscope based on a change in the resonant frequency of a
cantilever one micron in size in the presence of charge has recently been
fabricated. We derive the decoherence rate of a charge superposition during
measurement with such a device using a master equation theory adapted from
quantum optics. We also investigate the information produced by such a
measurement, using a quantum trajectory approach. Such instruments could be
used in mesoscopic electronic systems, and future solid-state quantum
computers, so it is useful to know how they behave when used to measure quantum
superpositions of charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81463 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic freedom with discrete spin variables?


  We study the critical behaviour of the 2d dodecahedron spin model and
investigate the conjecture that the discrete model describes the same continuum
theory as the O(3) non-linear sigma model. In particular, we found that the
anisotropy of the magnetization A(z) measured in a fixed physical volume
decreases with increasing correlation length, at least up to \xi \approx 1000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83924 </DOCNO>
The Minimum Expectation Selection Problem


  We define the min-min expectation selection problem (resp. max-min
expectation selection problem) to be that of selecting k out of n given
discrete probability distributions, to minimize (resp. maximize) the
expectation of the minimum value resulting when independent random variables
are drawn from the selected distributions. We assume each distribution has
finitely many atoms. Let d be the number of distinct values in the support of
the distributions. We show that if d is a constant greater than 2, the min-min
expectation problem is NP-complete but admits a fully polynomial time
approximation scheme. For d an arbitrary integer, it is NP-hard to approximate
the min-min expectation problem with any constant approximation factor. The
max-min expectation problem is polynomially solvable for constant d; we leave
open its complexity for variable d. We also show similar results for binary
selection problems in which we must choose one distribution from each of n
pairs of distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168577 </DOCNO>
Clauser-Horne inequality for qutrits


  In this brief report we show the new Bell-Clauser-Horne inequality for two
entangled three dimensional quantum systems (so called qutrits). This
inequality is violated by a maximally entangled state of two qutrits observed
via symmetric three input and three output port beamsplitter only if the amount
of noise in the system equals ${11-6\sqrt3 \over 2}\approx 0.308$. This is in
perfect agreement with the previous numerical calculations presented in
Kaszlikowski {\it et. al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 4418 (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149404 </DOCNO>
Boundary WZW, G/H, G/G and CS theories


  We extend the analysis of the canonical structure of the Wess-Zumino-Witten
theory to the bulk and boundary coset G/H models. The phase spaces of the coset
theories in the closed and in the open geometry appear to coincide with those
of a double Chern-Simons theory on two different 3-manifolds. In particular, we
obtain an explicit description of the canonical structure of the boundary G/G
coset theory. The latter may be easily quantized leading to an example of a
two-dimensional topological boundary field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179705 </DOCNO>
p-$^3$He Effective Potentials based on the Pauli Corrected Resonating


  Effective interactions that fit the low energy p-$^3$He experimental data
have been constructed. They are based on the Resonating Group Method and a
modified Orthogonality Condition Model in which Pauli and partly Pauli
forbidden states are removed from the spectrum. Partial waves up to L=3 have
been considered. The LS force acting between the proton and $^3$He has been
included phenomenologically, while the Coulomb interaction has been
incorporated using a renormalization technique for a screened Coulomb
interaction. The potentials are also given in a separable momentum space form,
obtained using the Ernst-Shakin-Thaler (EST) method. In all cases the
potentials generate phase shifts that fit well the low energy experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87197 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and gravitational backgrounds


  We study the decoherence process associated with the scattering of stochastic
gravitational waves. We discuss the case of macroscopic systems, such as the
planetary motion of the Moon around the Earth, for which gravitational
scattering is found to dominate decoherence though it has a negligible
influence on damping. This contrast is due to the very high effective
temperature of the background of gravitational waves in our galactic
environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126682 </DOCNO>
An efficient photoelectric X-ray Polarimeter for the study of Black


  In astronomy there are basically four kinds of observations to extract the
information carried by electromagnetic radiation: photometry, imaging,
spectroscopy and polarimetry. By optimal exploitation of the first three
techniques, X-ray astronomy has been able to unveil the violent world of
compact high energy sources. Here we report on a new instrument that brings
high efficiency also to X-ray polarimetry, the last unexplored field of X-ray
astronomy. It will then be possible to resolve the internal structures of
compact sources which otherwise would remain inaccessible, even to X-ray
interferometry1. Polarimetry could provide a direct, visual picture of the
state of matter under extreme magnetic and gravitational fields by measuring
the radiation polarized through interaction with the highly asymmetric matter
distribution (accretion disk) and with the magnetic field.
  The new instrument derives the polarization information from the track of the
photoelectrons imaged by a finely subdivided gas detector. Its great
improvement of sensitivity (at least two orders of magnitude) will allow direct
exploration of the most dramatic objects of the X-ray sky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7293 </DOCNO>
Ensemble inequivalence in systems with long-range interactions


  Ensemble inequivalence has been observed in several systems. In particular it
has been recently shown that negative specific heat can arise in the
microcanonical ensemble in the thermodynamic limit for systems with long-range
interactions. We display a connection between such behaviour and a mean-field
like structure of the partition function. Since short-range models cannot
display this kind of behaviour, this strongly suggests that such systems are
necessarily non-mean field in the sense indicated here. We illustrate our
results showing an application to the Blume-Emery-Griffiths model. We further
show that a broad class of systems with non-integrable interactions are indeed
of mean-field type in the sense specified, so that they are expected to display
ensemble inequivalence as well as the peculiar behaviour described above in the
microcanonical ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98038 </DOCNO>
On pressure boundary conditions for thermoconvective problems


  Solving numerically hydrodynamical problems of incompressible fluids raises
the question of handling first order derivatives (those of pressure) in a
closed container and determining its boundary conditions. We research several
pressure boundary conditions for the primitive variables formulation of
thermoconvective problems. In particular we study the Marangoni instability of
an infinite fluid layer and we show that the numerical results with a Chebyshev
collocation method are highly correspondent to the exact ones. These ideas have
been applied to linear stability analysis of the B\'enard-Marangoni (BM)
problem in cylindrical geometry and the results obtained have been very
accurate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1118 </DOCNO>
Pulling strings at finite temperature: Another force-extension formula


  The derivation of Marko and Siggia's interpolation formula for the
force-extension relation of the Worm-Like Chain Model (C.Bustamante, J.F.Marko,
E.D.Siggia, and S.Smith, Science Vol.265, p.1599 (1994); J.F.Marko and
E.D.Siggia, Macromolecules Vol.28, p.8759 (1995)) is retraced. Isotropy of
space, resulting in rotational invariance of the free energy, is invoked
together with analyticity. A new interpolation formula results for the
force-extension relationship. It is as simple as the old one, but twice as
close to the exact force-extension relationship. Application of the same
reasoning to the second-order perturbative result obtained at strong force
(J.D.Moroz and P.Nelson, Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA Vol.94, p.14418 (1997))
results in yet a new interpolation formula, good to 1% at all forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76135 </DOCNO>
Systematics of q anti-q states, scalar mesons and glueball


  Basing on the latest results of the PNPI (Gatchina) and QM&W College (London)
groups, I discuss systematics of the IJ^{PC} q anti-q states in terms of
trajectories on the (n,M^2) plane, where n is the radial quantum number and M
is its mass. In the scalar sector, which is the most interesting because of the
presence of extra states with respect to the q anti-q systematics, I discuss:
1) the results of the K-matrix analysis of the spectra pi-pi, pi-pi-pi-pi, K
anti-K, eta-eta, eta-eta', pi-eta and characteristics of the resonances in the
scalar sector, 2) q anti-q nonet classification of scalar bare states, 3)
accumulation of widths of the q anti-q states by the glueball due to the
overlapping of f_0 resonances at 1200-1700 MeV, 4) systematics of scalar q
anti-q states, both bare states and resonances, on the (n,M^2) plots, 5)
constraints on the quark-gluonium content of the resonances f_0(980),
f_0(1300), f_0(1500), f_0(1750), and the broad state f_0(1420^{+150}_{-70})
from hadronic decays, 6) radiative decays of the P-wave q anti-q resonances:
scalars f_0(980), a_0(980), and tensor mesons a_2(1320), f_2(1270), f_2(1525).
The analysis proves that in the scalar sector we face two exotic mesons: the
light sigma-meson, f_0(450), and the broad state f_0(1420^{+150}_{-70}), which
is the descendant of the glueball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3357 </DOCNO>
Origin of time reversal symmetry breaking in Y(1-y)Ca(y)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(7-x)


  We have studied the Zero Bias Conductance Peak (ZBCP) of the tunneling
conductance measured on (1,1,0) oriented Y(1-y)Ca(y)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(7-x) thin films
as a function of doping and of magnetic field. A spontaneous (zero field) split
of the ZBCP was observed only in overdoped samples (either by O or by Ca). The
magnitude of this split was found to be linear in doping. All samples exhibited
a magnetic field splitting, also strongly doping dependent. The field
susceptibility chi=d(delta)/dH diverges at the point at which spontaneous ZBCP
splitting occurs, its inverse value, chi^(-1), following a linear doping
dependence on both the underdoped and overdoped sides. We discuss these results
in terms of recent theoretical models of Time Reversal Symmetry Breaking
(TRSB).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3991 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in the Correlated Pyrochlore Cd_2Re_2O_7


  We report the observation of superconductivity in high-quality
Cd$_2$Re$_2$O$_7$ single crystals with room-temperature pyrochlore structure.
Resistivity and ac susceptibility measurements establish an onset transition
temperature T$_c^{onset}$ = 1.47 K with transition width $\Delta$T$_c$ = 0.25
K. In applied magnetic field, the resistive transition shows a type-II
character, with an approximately linear temperature-dependence of the upper
critical field H$_{c2}$. The bulk nature of the superconductivity is confirmed
by the specific heat jump with $\Delta$C = 37.9 mJ/mol-K. Using the $\gamma$
value extracted from normal-state specific heat data, we obtain
$\Delta$C/$\gamma$T$_c$ = 1.29, close to the weak coupling BCS value. In the
normal state, a negative Hall coefficient below 100 K suggests electron-like
conduction in this material. The resistivity exhibits a quadratic T-dependence
between 2 and 60 K, i.e., $\rho =\rho_0$+AT$^2$, indicative of Fermi-liquid
behavior. The values of the Kadowaki-Woods ratio A/$\gamma^2$ and the Wilson
ratio are comparable to that for strongly correlated materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4624 </DOCNO>
Scaling of Self-Avoiding Walks and Self-Avoiding Trails in Three


  Motivated by recent claims of a proof that the length scale exponent for the
end-to-end distance scaling of self-avoiding walks is precisely
$7/12=0.5833...$, we present results of large-scale simulations of
self-avoiding walks and self-avoiding trails with repulsive contact
interactions on the hypercubic lattice. We find no evidence to support this
claim; our estimate $\nu=0.5874(2)$ is in accord with the best previous results
from simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73369 </DOCNO>
Renormalon resummation and exponentiation of soft and collinear gluon


  The thrust distribution in e+e- annihilation is calculated exploiting its
exponentiation property in the two-jet region t = 1-T << 1. We present a
general method (DGE) to calculate a large class of logarithmically enhanced
terms, using the dispersive approach in renormalon calculus. Dressed Gluon
Exponentiation is based on the fact that the exponentiation kernel is
associated primarily with a single gluon emission, and therefore the exponent
is naturally represented as an integral over the running coupling. Fixing the
definition of Lambda is enough to guarantee consistency with the exact exponent
to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. Renormalization scale dependence is
avoided by keeping all the logs. Sub-leading logs, that are usually neglected,
are factorially enhanced and are therefore important. Renormalization-group
invariance as well as infrared renormalon divergence are recovered in the sum
of all the logs. The logarithmically enhanced cross-section is evaluated by
Borel summation. Renormalon ambiguity is then used to study power corrections
in the peak region Qt \gsim Lambda, where the hierarchy between the renormalon
closest to the origin (~1/Qt) and others (~1/(Qt)^n) starts to break down. The
exponentiated power-corrections can be described by a shape-function, as
advocated by Korchemsky and Sterman. Our calculation suggests that the even
central moments of the shape-function are suppressed. Good fits are obtained
yielding alpha_s^{MSbar} (M_Z) = 0.110 \pm 0.001, with a theoretical
uncertainty of ~5%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96849 </DOCNO>
On the Theory of Discontinuous Solutions to Some Strongly Degenerate


  It is studied the Cauchy problem for the equations of Burgers' type but with
bounded dissipation flux. Such equations degenerate to hyperbolic ones as the
velocity gradient tends to infinity. Thus the discontinuous solutions are
permitted. In the paper the definition of the generalized solution is given and
the existence theorem is established in the classes of functions close to ones
of bounded variation. The main feature of used a priori estimates is the fact
that one needs to estimate only the diffusion flux, which allows to have in
fact arbitrary local growth of the velocity gradient. The uniqueness theorem is
proven for essentially narrower class of piecewise smooth functions with
regular behavior of discontinuity lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98112 </DOCNO>
The Asymmetric One-Dimensional Constrained Ising Model


  We study a reversible one-dimensional spin system with Bernoulli(p)
stationary distribution, in which a site can flip only if the site to its left
is in state +1. Such models have been used as simple exemplars of systems
exhibiting slow relaxation. We give fairly sharp estimates of the spectral gap
as p decreases to zero. The method uses Poincare comparison with a long-range
process which is analyzed by probabilistic methods (coupling,
supermartingales).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3900 </DOCNO>
Exact Scaling Functions for Self-Avoiding Loops and Branched Polymers


  It is shown that a recently conjectured form for the critical scaling
function for planar self-avoiding polygons weighted by their perimeter and area
also follows from an exact renormalization group flow into the branched polymer
problem, combined with the dimensional reduction arguments of Parisi and
Sourlas. The result is generalized to higher-order multicritical points,
yielding exact values for all their critical exponents and exact forms for the
associated scaling functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169454 </DOCNO>
Temporal Oscillations of Nonlinear Faraday Rotation in Coherently Driven


  New phenomenon of temporal oscillations of nonlinear Faraday rotation in a
driven four-level system is predicted. We show that in this system with one
upper level, under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency
created by a strong coupling field, the polarization rotation of weak probe
light exhibits slowly damped oscillations with a frequency proportional to the
strength of an applied magnetic field. This opens up an alternate way to
sensitive magnetometric measurements. Applications in low-light nonlinear
optics such as photon entanglement are feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86507 </DOCNO>
The Case for Discrete Energy Levels of a Black Hole


  The adiabatic invariant nature of black hole horizon area in classical
gravity suggests that in quantum theory the corresponding operator has a
discrete spectrum. I here develop further an algebraic approach to black hole
quantization which starts from very elementary assumptions, and proceeds by
exploiting symmetry. It predicts a uniformly spaced area spectrum for all
charges and angular momenta. Area eigenvalues are degenerate; correspondence
with black hole entropy then dictates a precise value for the interval between
eigenvalues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168368 </DOCNO>
Anomalous doublets of states in a PT symmetric quantum model


  We complexify one of the Natanzon's exactly solvable potentials in PT
symmetric manner and discover that it supports the pairs of bound states with
the same number of nodal zeros. This could indicate that the Sturm Liouville
oscillation theorem does not admit an immediate generalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72983 </DOCNO>
Evidence Against Instanton Dominance of Topological Charge Fluctuations


  The low-lying eigenmodes of the Dirac operator associated with typical gauge
field configurations in QCD encode, among other low-energy properties, the
physics behind the solution to the $U_A(1)$ problem (i.e. the origin of the
$\eta'$ mass), the nature of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, and the
physics of string-breaking, quark-antiquark pair production, and the OZI rule.
Moreover, the space-time chiral structure of these eigenmodes reflects the
space-time topological structure of the underlying gauge field. We present
evidence from lattice QCD on the local chiral structure of low Dirac eigenmodes
leading to the conclusion that topological charge fluctuations of the QCD
vacuum are not instanton-dominated. The result supports Witten's arguments that
topological charge is produced by confinement-related gauge fluctuations rather
than instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149755 </DOCNO>
Forces from noncommutative geometry


  Einstein derived general relativity from Riemannian geometry. Connes extends
this derivation to noncommutative geometry and obtains electro-magnetic, weak
and strong forces. These are pseudo forces, that accompany the gravitational
force just as in Minkowskian geometry the magnetic force accompanies the
electric force. The main physical input of Connes' derivation is parity
violation. His main output is the Higgs boson which breaks the gauge symmetry
spontaneously and gives masses to gauge and Higgs bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86016 </DOCNO>
A Characterisation of the Weylian Structure of Space-Time by Means of


  The compatibility axiom in Ehlers, Pirani and Schild's (EPS) constructive
axiomatics of the space-time geometry that uses light rays and freely falling
particles with high velocity, is replaced by several constructions with low
velocity particles only. For that purpose we describe in a space-time with a
conformal structure and an arbitrary path structure the radial acceleration, a
Coriolis acceleration and the zig-zag construction. Each of these quantities
give effects whose requirement to vanish can be taken as alternative version of
the compatibility axiom of EPS. The procedural advantage lies in the fact, that
one can make null-experiments and that one only needs low velocity particles to
test the compatibility axiom. We show in addition that Perlick's standard clock
can exist in a Weyl space only.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125420 </DOCNO>
Type Ia Supernovae, the Hubble Constant, the Cosmological Constant, and


  The age of the Universe depends on both the present-day Hubble Constant and
on the history of cosmic expansion. For decelerating cosmologies such as
Omega_m= 1, the dimensionless product H_0,t_0<1 and modestly high values of the
Hubble constant H_0 > 70 would be inconsistent with a cosmic age t_0 larger
than 12 Gyr. But if Omega_Lambda > 0, then H_0,t_0 can take on a range of
values. Evidence from the Hubble diagram for high redshift Type Ia supernovae
favors Omega_Lambda~0.7 and H_0,t_0 ~ 1. Then, if H_0 lies in the range 65--73,
the age of the Universe, t_0, is 14+/-1.6 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98929 </DOCNO>
Projective Surfaces with a three-divisible Set of Cusps


  Let Y be a surface with only finitely many singularities all of which are
cusps. A set of cusps on Y is called 3-divisible, if there is a cyclic global
triple cover of Y branched precisely over these cusps. The aim of this note is
to construct surfaces $Y \subset P_3$ of arbitrary degree $\geq 4$ with such a
3-divisible set of cusps. Every 3-divisible set of 6, resp. 12 cusps on a
quartic, resp. quintic is given by our construction. In degree six there are
two different topological types of sextic surfaces with 18 3-divisible cusps.
One is obtained by our construction. The other one differs by its extended
code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97061 </DOCNO>
A critical study on the concept of identity in Zermelo-Fraenkel-like


  According to Cantor, a set is a collection into a whole of defined and
separate (we shall say distinct) objects. So, a natural question is ``How to
treat as `sets' collections of indistinguishable objects?". This is the aim of
quasi-set theory, and this problem was posed as the first of present day
mathematics, in the list resulting from the Congress on the Hilbert Problems in
1974. Despite this pure mathematical motivation, quasi-sets have also a strong
commitment to the way quantum physics copes with elementary particles. In this
paper, we discuss the axiomatics of quasi-set theory and sketch some of its
applications in physics. We also show that quasi-set theory allows us a better
and deeper understanding of the role of the concept of equality in mathematics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179497 </DOCNO>
A dynamical chiral bag model


  We study a dynamical chiral bag model, in which massless fermions are
confined within an impenetrable but movable bag coupled to meson fields. The
self-consistent motion of the bag is obtained by solving the equations of
motion exactly assuming spherical symmetry. When the bag interacts with an
external meson wave we find three different kinds of resonances: {\it
fermionic}, {\it geometric}, and $\sigma$-resonances. We discuss the
phenomenological implications of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113542 </DOCNO>
Wave Universe and Spectrum of Quasars Redshifts


  In the framework of the Wave Universe concept it is shown, that the genesis
of redshifts can be connected with the intra-system (endogenous) processes,
which take place in astronomical systems. The existance of extremal redshift
objects (quasars - QSO) with most probable z = 3.523 (3.847); 4.677; 6.947
(7.4); 10.524; 14.7; 27.79; is predicted

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1308 </DOCNO>
Soft x-ray spectroscopy measurements of the p-like density of states of


  Soft X-ray absorption and fluorescence measurements are reported for the
K-edge of B in MgB2. The measurements confirm a high density of B
pxy(sigma)-states at the Fermi edge and extending to approximately 0.9 eV above
the edge. A strong resonance is observed in elastic scattering through a
core-exciton derived from out-of-plane pz(pi*)-states. Another strong
resonance, observed in both elastic and inelastic spectra, is identified as a
product of surface boron oxides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148144 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Transformation of Quantum Fields II: Supersymmetric


  We study the transformation law of quantum fields in super Yang-Mills theory
quantized in the Wess-Zumino gauge. It can be derived from a local version of
generalized Slavnov-Taylor identities for general Green functions. Under
suitable normalization conditions the transformations are local. Within the
vector multiplet anomalous dimensions become equal. The breaking of susy shows
up in Fock but not in Hilbert space and is not reflected in the transformation
law for the fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2338 </DOCNO>
Decoherence and dissipation during a quantum XOR gate operation


  The dynamics of a quantum XOR gate operation in a two-qubit system being
coupled to a bath of quantum harmonic oscillators is investigated. Upon
applying the numerical quasiadiabatic propagator path integral method, we
obtain the numerically precise time-resolved evolution of this interacting
two-qubit system in presence of time-dependent external fields without further
approximations. We simulate the dissipative gate operation for characteristic
experimental realizations of condensed matter qubits; namely, the flux and
charge qubits realized in superconducting Josephson systems and qubits formed
with semiconductor quantum dots. Moreover, we study systematically the quality
of the XOR gate by determining the four characteristic gate quantifiers:
fidelity, purity, the quantum degree, and the entanglement capability of the
gate. Two different types of errors in the qubits have been modelled, i.e.,
bit-flip errors and phase errors. The dependence of the quality of the gate
operation on the environmental temperature, on the friction strength stemming
from the system-bath interaction, and on the strength of the interqubit
coupling is systematically explored: Our main finding is that the four gate
quantifiers depend only weakly on temperature, but are rather sensitive to the
friction strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128681 </DOCNO>
Dim galaxies and outer halos of galaxies missed by 2MASS ? The


  By using high-resolution and deep Ks band observations of early-type galaxies
of the nearby Universe and of a cluster at z=0.3 we show that the two
luminosity functions (LFs) of the local universe derived from 2MASS data miss a
fair fraction of the flux of the galaxies (more than 20 to 30%) and a whole
population of galaxies of central brightness fainter than the isophote used for
detection, but bright enough to be included in the published LFs. In
particular, the fraction of lost flux increases as the galaxy surface
brightness become fainter. Therefore, the so far derived LF slopes and
characteristic luminosity as well as luminosity density are underestimated.
Other published near-infrared LFs miss flux in general, including the LF of the
distant field computed in a 3 arcsec aperture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97069 </DOCNO>
Non-productive duality properties of topological groups


  We address two properties for Abelian topological groups: ``every closed
subgroup is dually closed'' and ``every closed subgroup is dually embedded.''
We exhibit a pair of topological groups such that each has both of the
properties and the product has neither, which refutes a remark of N. Noble.
These examples are the additive group of integers topologized with respect to a
convergent sequence as investigated by E.G. Zelenyuk and I.V. Protasov. The
proof for the product relies on a theorem on exponential Diophantine equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126151 </DOCNO>
FIRST Extra-Galactic Surveys: Practical Considerations


  We discuss some of the practical considerations that need to be made in the
design of extra-galactic field surveys using FIRST. We investigate the various
limitations that confusion noise imposes on possible FIRST surveys and the
benefits of super resolution or decconvolution techniques. We consider the
possible sizes and depths of survey fields in order to meet many of the
scientific objectives of the FIRST mission. In particular we discuss the
factors that need to be taken into account in selecting the survey fields. The
final choice of fields will be influenced by the location of other surveys that
are currently being planned; so it is vital that the FIRST community begin
debating this issue now. We conclude that a substantial survey of order of 100
square degrees is likely to be sited in the region of the SIRTF Legacy survey,
SWIRE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6713 </DOCNO>
Superconductor Quantum Dot Superconductor Junction in the Kondo Regime


  Electron transport between two superconductors through an Anderson impurity
in the Kondo regime is investigated within the slave boson mean field
approximation. The current, shot noise power and Fano factor are displayed
versus the applied bias voltage in the subgap region and found to be strongly
dependent on the ratio between the Kondo temperature $T_{K}$ and the
superconducting gap $\Delta$. In particular, the $I-V$ curve exposes an excess
current in the limit $T_{K}/\Delta \gg 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73722 </DOCNO>
A note on brane cosmology


  We derive a new class of time-dependent solutions for the Randall-Sundrum
model by patching together isometries broken by the brane. Solutions generated
by generalized boosts along the fifth dimension are associated with localized
gravity and lead to an effective Friedman equation on the brane with a scale
factor exhibiting power law or exponential behaviour. The effective
energy-density on the brane depends linearly on the brane tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149243 </DOCNO>
Cubic Algebraic Equations in Gravity Theory, Parametrization with the


  The present paper demonstrates how methods from algebraic geometry and theory
of elliptic functions may find further application in the theory of gravity and
also brane, string and Rundall-Sundrum theories. A cubic algebraic equation has
been obtained from the standard gravitational Lagrangian. The equation does not
follow from a variational principle. By means of a linear-fractional
transformation it has been brought to a parametrizable form, expressed through
the elliptic Weierstrass function. It was shown that the Weierstrass function
can satisfy the standard parametrizable form of the cubic equation, but with
$g_{2}$ and $g_{3}$ functions of a complex variable instead of the definite
complex numbers, known from the usual (arithmetic) theory of elliptic functions
and curves. The explicit form of all the coefficient functions in the negative-
and positive power Loran decomposition of $g_{2}$ and $g_{3}$ was found.
Several interesting relations about the sums of the inverse powers of the poles
were established. In the special case of the infinite point of the
linear-fractional transformation it was demonstrated how the ''modified''
parametrizable form can be used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174795 </DOCNO>
Hard photon and neutral pion production in cold nuclear matter


  The production of hard photons and neutral pions in 190 MeV proton induced
reactions on C, Ca, Ni, and W targets has been for the first time concurrently
studied. Angular distributions and energy spectra up to the kinematical limit
are discussed and the production cross-sections are presented. From the target
mass dependence of the cross-sections the propagation of pions through nuclear
matter is analyzed and the production mechanisms of hard photons and primordial
pions are derived. It is found that the production of subthreshold particles
proceeds mainly through first chance nucleon-nucleon collisions. For the most
energetic particles the mass scaling evidences the effect of multiple
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125381 </DOCNO>
A Straight and Narrow Ionized Filament


  We report the discovery of a extremely narrow, extremely linear, ionized
filament. The filament is 2.5 degrees long and has an H$\alpha$ surface
brightness of 0.5 rayleighs. The filament is approximately ``Y'' shaped. The
widest separation of the two diagonal segments is 5 arcminutes. We discuss four
possible origins for this feature: (1) an extremely low density, nearby jet,
(2) an unusually linear filament associated with some large-scale nearby
nebula, perhaps even the Local Bubble, (3) an ionized trail left by mechanical
input from a star or compact object moving through the ISM, or (4) an ionized
trail left by photoionization (``Fossil \stromgren Trail'') from a star or
compact object. We favor this last hypothesis, and derive some of the basic
properties for an ionized trail. Regardless of whether this latter hypothesis
applies to this specific filament, the basic properties of such a trail, its
length, width, and brightness, are interesting, predictable, and should be
observable behind some white dwarfs. We suggest future tests for ascertaining
the origin of this filament, and discuss how this structure might be useful to
constrain the thermal and velocity structure of the nearby interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123756 </DOCNO>
A Comparison of Radio and X-Ray Morphologies of Four Clusters of


  Clusters of galaxies may contain cluster-wide, centrally located, diffuse
radio sources, called halos. They have been found to show morphologies similar
to those of the X-ray emission. To quantify this qualitative statement we
performed a point-to-point comparison of the radio and the X-ray emission for
four clusters of galaxies containing radio halos: Coma, Abell 2255, Abell 2319,
Abell 2744. Our study leads to a linear relation between the radio and the
X-ray surface brightness in two clusters, namely Abell 2255 and Abell 2744. In
Coma and A2319 the radio and the X-ray brightnesses seem to be related with a
sub-linear power law. Implications of these findings within simple radio halo
formation models are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125932 </DOCNO>
Analyze of the star formation modeling algorithm in SPH code


  The chemical and photometric evolution of star forming disk galaxies is
investigated. Numerical simulations of the complex gasdynamical flows are based
on our own coding of the Chemo - Dynamical Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamical (CD
- SPH) approach, which incorporates the effects of star formation. The
presented model describes well the time evolution of the basic dynamical,
chemical and photometric parameters of a disk galaxy similar to the Milky Way.
The metallicity, luminosity and colors obtained are typical for such disk
galaxies. During the calculations we made an extended test of the proposed SF
criteria. We find that the obtained results with different "gas" and "star"
particle numbers are not only qualitatively but also quantitatively similar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124313 </DOCNO>
On the nature of soft Gamma-ray repeaters


  Soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) and Anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are
generally accepted to be magnetars. Recently, Zhang, Xu & Qiao (2000, ApJ, 545,
L127) proposed an alternative viewpoint about the nature of the SGRs (and
AXPs). In this picture, SGR bursts are attributed to the impacts of some
comet-like objects with the central bare strange star. Here I briefly review
this model, and confront it with the detailed observations of SGRs/AXPs. A
comparison to the magnetar model is also presented. Some theoretical issues
concerning the nature of the SGRs (and AXPs) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149498 </DOCNO>
Two Loops to Two Loops in N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory


  We present a full two-loop O(g^6) perturbative field theoretic calculation of
the expectation value of two circular Maldacena-Wilson loops in D=4 N=4
supersymmetric U(N) gauge theory. It is demonstrated that, after taking into
account very subtle cancellations of bulk and boundary divergences, the result
is completely finite without any renormalization. As opposed to previous lower
order calculations existing in the literature, internal vertex diagrams no
longer cancel identically and lead to subleading corrections to the dominant
ladder diagrams. Taking limits, we proceed to extract the two-loop static
potential corresponding to two infinite anti-parallel lines. Our result gives
some evidence that the existing strong-coupling calculations using the AdS/CFT
conjecture might sum up the full set of large N planar Feynman diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75818 </DOCNO>
Application of Roy's equations to analysis of pion-pion experimental


  The scalar-isoscalar, scalar-isotensor and vector-isovector pion-pion partial
wave amplitudes are analyzed. Preliminary results indicate that only the
scalar-isoscalar amplitude fitted to the "down-flat" data satisfies Roy's
equations and consequently crossing symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149520 </DOCNO>
Multi-Lagrangians for Integrable Systems


  We propose a general scheme to construct multiple Lagrangians for completely
integrable non-linear evolution equations that admit multi- Hamiltonian
structure. The recursion operator plays a fundamental role in this
construction. We use a conserved quantity higher/lower than the Hamiltonian in
the potential part of the new Lagrangian and determine the corresponding
kinetic terms by generating the appropriate momentum map. This leads to some
remarkable new developments. We show that nonlinear evolutionary systems that
admit $N$-fold first order local Hamiltonian structure can be cast into
variational form with $2N-1$ Lagrangians which will be local functionals of
Clebsch potentials. This number increases to $3N-2$ when the Miura
transformation is invertible. Furthermore we construct a new Lagrangian for
polytropic gas dynamics in $1+1$ dimensions which is a {\it local} functional
of the physical field variables, namely density and velocity, thus dispensing
with the necessity of introducing Clebsch potentials entirely. This is a
consequence of bi-Hamiltonian structure with a compatible pair of first and
third order Hamiltonian operators derived from Sheftel's recursion operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75496 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Amplitudes for Gluon Fusion into Two Photons


  We present the two-loop matrix elements for the scattering of two gluons into
two photons in QCD. These matrix elements will enter into improved estimates of
the QCD background to Higgs production at the LHC when the Higgs decays into
two photons. The photon mode is especially important if M_H < 140 GeV. We also
give the amplitudes for the crossed process, glue gamma to glue gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85969 </DOCNO>
Formation of Galactic Nuclei


  We investigate a model in which galactic nuclei form via the coalescence of
pre-existing stellar systems containing supermassive black holes. Merger
simulations are carried out using N-body algorithms that can follow the
formation and decay of a black-hole binary and its effect on the surrounding
stars down to sub-parsec scales. Our initial stellar systems have steep central
density cusps similar to those in low-luminosity elliptical galaxies. Formation
of a black-hole binary transfers energy to the stars and lowers the central
density; continued decay of the binary creates a ~1/r density cusp similar to
those observed in bright elliptical galaxies, with a break radius that extends
well beyond the sphere of gravitational influence of the black holes. The decay
of the black hole binary is followed over a factor of ~20 in separation after
formation of a hard binary, considerably farther than in previous simulations.
We see almost no dependence of the binary's decay rate on number of particles
in the simulation, contrary to earlier studies in which a lower initial density
of stars led to a more rapid depletion of the binary's loss cone. We
nevertheless argue that the decay of a black hole binary in a real galaxy would
be expected to stall at separations of 0.01-1 pc unless some additional
mechanism is able to extract energy from the binary. Our results support a
picture in which the observed dependence of nuclear cusp slope on galaxy
luminosity is a consequence of galaxy interactions. We also discuss the
implications of our results for the survivability of dark-matter cusps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96282 </DOCNO>
Extensions of Instantons


  In this paper, using the Atiyah-Ward equivalence and a theorem of Hitchin,
one makes to correspond to certain bundles on the projective space, which are
extensions of instanton bundles (in particular, these new bundles may have the
first Chern class not congruent to 0 modulo the rank), bundles on the
grassmanian Gr(2,4) or on the sphere S4, equiped with certain connections
constructed from data associated to the bundle. Monads for these extensions are
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148976 </DOCNO>
Geodesic Deviation in the AdS Black String Spacetime


  The equation of motion of test particles in the geometry of a black string
embedded in a 5-dimensional AdS spacetime is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86037 </DOCNO>
Quantum Radiation of Uniformly Accelerated Spherical Mirrors


  We study quantum radiation generated by a uniformly accelerated motion of
small spherical mirrors. To obtain Green's function for a scalar massless field
we use Wick's rotation. In the Euclidean domain the problem is reduced to
finding an electric potential in 4D flat space in the presence of a metallic
toroidal boundary. The latter problem is solved by a separation of variables.
After performing an inverse Wick's rotation we obtain the Hadamard function in
the wave-zone regime and use it to calculate the vacuum fluctuations and the
vacuum expectation for the energy density flux in the wave zone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74206 </DOCNO>
Quintessential Haloes around Galaxies


  The nature of the dark matter that binds galaxies remains an open question.
The favored candidate has been so far the neutralino. This massive species with
evanescent interactions is now in difficulty. It would actually collapse in
dense clumps and would therefore play havoc with the matter it is supposed to
shepherd. We focus here on a massive and non-interacting charged scalar field
as an alternate option to the astronomical missing mass. We investigate the
classical solutions that describe the Bose condensate of such a field in
gravitational interaction with matter. This simplistic model accounts quite
well for the dark matter inside low-luminosity spirals whereas the agreement
lessens for the brightest objects where baryons dominate. A scalar mass m=0.4
to 1.6 10^{-23} eV is derived when both high and low-luminosity spirals are
fitted at the same time. Comparison with astronomical observations is made
quantitative through a chi-squared analysis. We conclude that scalar fields
offer a promising direction worth being explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40874 </DOCNO>
Non-linear energy calibration of CMS calorimeters for single pions


  CMS calorimeter energy calibration was done in the full CMS simulated
geometry for the pseudorapidity region eta = 0. The samples of single pion
events were generated with a set of incident energies from 10 GeV to 3 TeV. The
analysis of the simulated data shows that standard calibration using just
sampling coefficients for calorimeter parts with different sampling ratio gives
nonlinear calorimeter response.
 Non-linear calibration technique was applied for improving calorimeter energy
resolution and restoring the calorimeter linearity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97014 </DOCNO>
"Beat" patterns for the odd-even staggering in octupole bands from a


  We propose a collective Hamiltonian which incorporates the standard
quadrupole terms, octupole terms classified according to the irreducible
representations of the octahedron group, a quadrupole-octupole interaction, as
well as a term for the bandhead energy linear in K (the projection of angular
momentum on the body-fixed z-axis). The energy is subsequently minimized with
respect to K for each given value of the angular momentum I, resulting in K
values increasing with I within each band, even in the case in which K is
restricted to a set of microscopically plausible values. We demonstrate that
this Hamiltonian is able to reproduce a variety of ``beat'' patterns observed
recently for the odd-even staggering in octupole bands of light actinides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75791 </DOCNO>
Heavy monopole potential in gluodynamics


  We discuss predictions for the interaction energy of the fundamental
monopoles in gluodynamics introduced via the 't Hooft loop. At short distances,
the heavy monopole potential is calculable from first principles. At larger
distances, we apply the Abelian dominance models. We discuss the measurements
which would be crucial to distinguish between various models. Non-zero
temperatures are also considered. Our predictions are in qualitative agreement
with the existing lattice data. We discuss further measurements which would be
crucial to check the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95861 </DOCNO>
Severi varieties


  R. Hartshorne conjectured and F. Zak proved that any n-dimensional smooth
non-degenerate complex algebraic variety X in a m-dimensional projective space
P satisfies Sec(X)=P if m<3n/2+2. In this article, I deal with the limiting
case of this theorem, namely the Severi varieties, defined by the conditions
m=3n/2+2 and Sec(X) different from P. I want to give a different proof of a
theorem of F. Zak classifying all Severi varieties: I will prove that any
Severi variety is homogeneous and then deduce their classification and the
following geometric property : the derivatives of the equation of Sec(X), which
is a cubic hypersurface, determine a birational morphism of P.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99193 </DOCNO>
L-modules and the Conjecture of Rapoport and Goresky-MacPherson


  Rapoport and independently Goresky and MacPherson conjectured that the middle
perversity intersection cohomology of two compactifications of a Hermitian
locally symmetric space coincide, the reductive Borel-Serre compactification
and the Baily-Borel-Satake compactification. This paper describes the theory of
L-modules and how it is used to solve the conjecture. The more general
situation of real equal-rank Satake compactifications is also treated. Details
will be given elsewhere (math.RT/0112251). As another application of L-modules,
we prove a vanishing theorem for the ordinary cohomology of a locally symmetric
variety which answers a question raised by Tilouine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6586 </DOCNO>
The Kondo Screening Cloud


  Renormalization group theory of the Kondo effect predicts that an impurity
spin is screened by a conduction electron spread over a large distance of order
>.1 to 1 micron. This review has the following sections: 1. The Kondo effect
and the screening cloud, 2. Non-observation of the Kondo cloud in conventional
experiments, 3. Kondo effect in transmission through a quantum dot, 4.
Observing the screening cloud in persistent current experiments, 5.
Side-coupled quantum dot, 6. Conclusions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73671 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of Anti-de-Sitter Conformal Field Theory Duality


  By use of the AdS/CFT correspondence on orbifolds, models are derived which
can contain the standard model of particle phenomenology. It will be assumed
that the theory becomes conformally invariant at a renormalization-group
fixed-point in the TeV region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127275 </DOCNO>
The Radio Recovery of SN 1970G: The Continuing Radio Evolution of SN


  Using the Very Large Array, we have detected radio emission from the site of
SN 1970G in the Sc galaxy M101. These observations are 31 years after the
supernova event, making SN 1970G the longest monitored radio supernova. With
flux densities of 0.12 +/- 0.020 mJy at 6 cm and 0.16 +/- 0.015 mJy at 20 cm,
the spectral index of -0.24 +/- 0.20 appears to have flattened somewhat when
compared with the previously reported value of -0.56 +/- 0.11, taken in 1990.
The radio emission at 20 cm has decayed since the 1990 observations with a
power-law index of beta_20cm = -0.28 +/- 0.13. We discuss the radio properties
of this source and compare them to those of other Type II radio supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179422 </DOCNO>
Isospin and Z$^{1/3}$ Dependence of the Nuclear Charge Radii


  Based on the systematic investigation of the data available for $A \geq 40$,
a $Z^{1/3}$ dependence for the nuclear charge radii is shown to be superior to
the generally accepted $A^{1/3}$ law. A delicate scattering of data around
$R_c/Z^{1/3}$ is infered as owing to the isospin effect and a linear dependence
of $R_c/Z^{1/3}$ on $N/Z$ (or $(N-Z)/2$) is found. This inference is well
supported by the microscopic Relativistic Continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB)
calculation conducted for the proton magic Ca, Ni, Zr, Sn and Pb isotopes
including the exotic nuclei close to the neutron drip line. With the linear
isospin dependence provided by the data and RCHB theory, a new isospin
dependent $Z^{1/3}$ formula for the nuclear charge radii is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97119 </DOCNO>
A model structure on the category of pro-simplicial sets


  We study the category pro-SSet of pro-simplicial sets, which arises in etale
homotopy theory, shape theory, and pro-finite completion. We establish a model
structure on pro-SSet so that it is possible to do homotopy theory in this
category. This model structure is closely related to the strict structure of
Edwards and Hastings. In order to understand the notion of homotopy groups for
pro-spaces we use local systems on pro-spaces. We also give several alternative
descriptions of weak equivalences, including a cohomological characterization.
We outline dual constructions for ind-spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7556 </DOCNO>
Stability of continuously pumped atom lasers


  A multimode model of a continuously pumped atom laser is shown to be unstable
below a critical value of the scattering length. Above the critical scattering
length, the atom laser reaches a steady state, the stability of which increases
with pumping. Below this limit the laser does not reach a steady state. This
instability results from the competition between gain and loss for the excited
states of the lasing mode. It will determine a fundamental limit for the
linewidth of an atom laser beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149339 </DOCNO>
Comma Vertex and String Field Algebra


  We study the matter part of the algebra of open string fields using the
3-string vertex over the sliver state, which we call ``comma vertex''. By
generalizing this comma vertex to the $N$-string overlap, we obtain a closed
form of the Neumann coefficients in the $N$-string vertex and discuss its
relation to the oscillator representation of wedge states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 411 </DOCNO>
Minimal Model for Sand Dunes


  We propose a minimal model for aeolian sand dunes. It combines an analytical
description of the turbulent wind velocity field above the dune with a
continuum saltation model that allows for saturation transients in the sand
flux. The model provides a qualitative understanding of important features of
real dunes, such as their longitudinal shape and aspect ratio, the formation of
a slip face, the breaking of scale invariance, and the existence of a minimum
dune size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75862 </DOCNO>
Indications on neutrino oscillations parameters from initial K2K and


  We briefly discuss the impact of initial data from the KEK-to-Kamioka (K2K)
neutrino experiment on the nu_mu-->nu_tau oscillation parameters (m^2,tan^2
psi) currently indicated by the Super-Kamiokande (SK) atmospheric neutrino
experiment. After showing the very good agreement between K2K and SK, we
combine the two separate pieces of information. We find that the 99% C.L. range
for m^2 allowed by SK only, m^2=[1.3, 5.6]x10^-3 eV^2, is reduced to [1.5,
4.8]x10^-3 eV^2 by including K2K data. By halving the uncertainties of the K2K
total rate (with central value unchanged), the m^2 range would be ulteriorly
reduced to [1.8, 4.0]x10^-3 eV^2. Such information appears to be already useful
in planning (very) long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123893 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Spectroscopic Imaging of Sgr A* and the Central Parsec of


  We present results of our Chandra observation with the ACIS-I instrument
centered on the position of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the compact nonthermal
radio source associated with the massive black hole (MBH) at the dynamical
center of the Milky Way Galaxy. We have obtained the first
high-spatial-resolution (~1 arcsec), hard X-ray (0.5-7 keV) image of the
central 40 pc (17 arcmin) of the Galaxy and have discovered an X-ray source,
CXOGC J174540.0-290027, coincident with the radio position of Sgr A* to within
0.35 arcsec, corresponding to a maximum projected distance of 16 light-days for
an assumed distance to the center of the Galaxy of 8.0 kpc. We received 222
+/-17 (1 sigma) net counts from the source in 40.3 ks. Due to the low number of
counts, the spectrum is well fit either by an absorbed power-law model with
photon index Gamma = 2.7 (1.8-4.0) and column density NH = (9.8 [6.8-14.2]) x
10^22 cm^-2 (90% confidence interval) or by an absorbed optically thin thermal
plasma model with kT = 1.9 (1.4-2.8) keV and NH = (11.5 [8.4-15.9]) x 10^22
cm^-2. Using the power-law model, the measured (absorbed) flux in the 2-10 keV
band is (1.3 [1.1-1.7]) x 10^-13 ergs cm^-2 s^-1, and the absorption-corrected
luminosity is (2.4 [1.8-5.4]) x 10^33 ergs s^-1. We also briefly discuss the
complex structure of the X-ray emission from the Sgr A radio complex and along
the Galactic plane and present morphological evidence that Sgr A* and Sgr A
West lie within the hot plasma in the central cavity of Sgr A East.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86418 </DOCNO>
Comment to the paper `Conformal transformations single out a unique


  We discuss the consequences of the incorrectness [see the Erratum in Phys.
Rev D 49, 1145 (1994)] of that paper and add two related remarks. The scope of
this comment is to encourage further research on: `Which of the conformally
equivalent metrics is the physical one?'

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97682 </DOCNO>
On the minimal number of critical points of functions on h-cobordisms


  Let (W,M,M'), dim W > 5, be a non-trivial h-cobordism (i.e., the Whitehead
torsion of (W,V) is non-zero). We prove that every smooth function f: W -->
[0,1], f(M)=0, f(M')=1 has at least 2 critical points. This estimate is sharp:
W possesses a function as above with precisely two critical points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126040 </DOCNO>
Variable UV Absorption in the Spectrum of MRC 2251-178


  We present an ultraviolet spectrum of MRC 2251-178 taken with HST/STIS-G230L.
The observation is part of a snap shot program of QSOs to systematically search
for intrinsic absorption lines through variability. The sample consists of all
QSOs observed with HST/FOS which showed associated narrow absorption lines. The
FOS spectrum of MRC 2251-178, taken in 1996, showed an associated C IV doublet
with an C IV \lambda1548 equivalent width 1.09+/-0.09 A (Monier et al. 2001).
It is not detected in the STIS spectrum taken four years later, down to a
3-sigma threshold of 0.19 A. In addition to its other accolades, these
observations make MRC 2251-178 the very first QSO at low redshift in which the
associated absorption is shown to be truly intrinsic. We discuss the
implications of this and suggest courses for future study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129506 </DOCNO>
The WARPS Survey: VI. Galaxy Cluster and Source Identifications from


  We present in catalog form the optical identifications for objects from the
first phase of the Wide Angle ROSAT Pointed Survey (WARPS). WARPS is a
serendipitous survey of relatively deep, pointed ROSAT observations for
clusters of galaxies. The X-ray source detection algorithm used by WARPS is
Voronoi Tessellation and Percolation (VTP), a technique which is equally
sensitive to point sources and extended sources of low surface brightness.
WARPS-I is based on the central regions of 86 ROSAT PSPC fields, covering an
area of 16.2 square degrees. We describe here the X-ray source screening and
optical identification process for WARPS-I, which yielded 34 clusters at
0.06<z<0.75. Twenty-two of these clusters form a complete, statistically well
defined sample drawn from 75 of these 86 fields, covering an area of 14.1
square degrees, with a flux limit of $F (0.5-2.0 keV) = 6.5 \times 10^{-14} erg
cm^{-2} s^{-1}}$. This sample can be used to study the properties and evolution
of the gas, galaxy and dark matter content of clusters, and to constrain
cosmological parameters. We compare in detail the identification process and
findings of WARPS to those from other recently published X-ray surveys for
clusters, including RDCS, SHARC-Bright, SHARC-south and the CfA 160 deg$^2$
survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7427 </DOCNO>
Effects of orbital correlations on spin dynamics in ferromagnetic


  We demonstrate that orbital fluctuations have strong effects on magnon
dynamics in ferromagnetic metallic manganites when these compounds are close to
a transition to an orbital ordered state. In particular we show that the
scattering of the spin excitations by low-lying orbital modes with cubic
symmetry causes both the magnon softening and damping observed experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127807 </DOCNO>
The joint XMM-Newton and Chandra view of YY Gem


  We have observed the flare star YY Gem simultaneously with XMM-Newton and
Chandra as part of a multi-wavelength campaign aiming at a study of variability
related to magnetic activity in this short-period eclipsing binary. Here we
report on the first results from the analysis of the X-ray spectrum. The
vicinity of the star provides high enough S/N in the CCD cameras onboard
XMM-Newton to allow for time-resolved spectroscopy. Since the data are acquired
simultaneously they allow for a cross-calibration check of the performance of
the XMM-Newton RGS and the LETGS on Chandra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150105 </DOCNO>
A note on theta dependence


  The dependence on the topological theta angle term in quantum field theory is
usually discussed in the context of instanton calculus. There the observables
are 2 pi periodic, analytic functions of theta. However, in strongly coupled
theories, the semi-classical instanton approximation can break down due to
infrared divergences. Instances are indeed known where analyticity in theta can
be lost, while the 2 pi periodicity is preserved. In this short note we exhibit
a simple two dimensional example where the 2 pi periodicity is lost. The
observables remain periodic under the transformation theta -> theta + 2 k pi
for some k >= 2. We also briefly discuss the case of four dimensional N=2
supersymmetric gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75716 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Charm Flavor and Helicity Content in the Proton


  Contributions to the quark flavor and spin observables from the intrinsic
charm in the proton are discussed in the SU(4) quark meson fluctuation model.
Our results suggest that the probability of finding the intrinsic charm in the
proton is less than 1%. The intrinsic charm helicity is small and negative,
$\Delta c \simeq -(0.003\sim 0.015)$. The fraction of the total quark helicity
carried by the intrinsic charm is less than 2%, and $c_\up/c_\dw$=35/67.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148201 </DOCNO>
Product of Boundary Distributions


  1) We identify new parameter branches for the ultra-local boundary Poisson
bracket in d spatial dimension with a (d-1)-dimensional spatial boundary. There
exist 2^{r(r-1)/2} r-dimensional parameter branches for each d-box, r-row Young
tableau. The already known branch (hep-th/9912017) corresponds to a vertical
1-column, d-box Young tableau. 2) We consider a local distribution product
among the so-called boundary distributions. The product is required to respect
the associativity and the Leibnitz rule. We show that the consistency
requirements on this product correspond to the Jacobi identity conditions for
the boundary Poisson bracket. In other words, the restrictions on forming a
boundary Poisson bracket can be related to the more fundamental distribution
product construction. 3) The definition of the higher functional derivatives is
made independent of the choice of integral kernel representative for a
functional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127393 </DOCNO>
Very High Energy Gamma Ray Emission from Crab and Geminga Pulsars


  The main inference from the experiments of the '80s that the time-averaged
energy spectra of pulsars had to steepen in the GeV-TeV energy region has been
reinforced in the '90s from experiments with higher sensitivities. However,
results from several experiments from the past and the more sensitive
experiments at present can be reconciled by invoking a possibly different
component arising in the TeV region. The results of the preliminary analysis of
the data being collected with the PACT array will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98156 </DOCNO>
On nearly Kaehler geometry


  We consider complete nearly K\"ahler manifolds with the canonical Hermitian
connection. We prove some metric properties of strict nearly K\"ahler manifolds
and give a sufficient condition for the reducibility of the canonical Hermitian
connection. A holonomic condition for a nearly K\"ahler manifold to be a
twistor space over a quaternionic K\"ahler manifold is given. This enables us
to give classification results in 10-dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149947 </DOCNO>
On Spin(7) holonomy metric based on SU(3)/U(1): II


  We continue the investigation of Spin(7) holonomy metric of cohomogeneity one
with the principal orbit SU(3)/U(1). A special choice of U(1) embedding in
SU(3) allows more general metric ansatz with five metric functions. There are
two possible singular orbits in the first order system of Spin(7) instanton
equation. One is the flag manifold $SU(3)/T^2$ also known as the twister space
of CP(2) and the other is CP(2) itself. Imposing a set of algebraic
constraints, we find a two-parameter family of exact solutions which have SU(4)
holonomy and are asymptotically conical. There are two types of asymptotically
locally conical (ALC) metrics in our model, which are distingushed by the
choice of $S^1$ circle whose radius stabilizes at infinity. We show that this
choice of M theory circle selects one of possible singular orbits mentioned
above. Numerical analyses of solutions near the singular orbit and in the
asymptotic region support the existence of two families of ALC Spin(7) metrics:
one family consists of deformations of the Calabi hyperKahler metric, the other
is a new family of metrics on a line bundle over the twister space of CP(2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126956 </DOCNO>
Do Type-I Bursts Excite Modes in the Neutron-Star Ocean?


  During a Type-I burst, the turbulent deflagation front may excite waves in
the neutron star ocean with frequencies, omega ~ 1 Hz. These waves are observed
as highly coherent flux oscillations during the burst. The frequencies of these
waves changes as the upper layers of the neutron star cool which accounts for
the small variation in the observed QPO frequencies. In principle several modes
could be excited but the fundamental buoyant $r-$mode exhibits significantly
larger variability for a given excitation than all of the other modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4466 </DOCNO>
"Spontaneous emission" losses during two Bose-Einstein condensates


  The widely used Gross-Pitaevskii equation treats only coherent aspects of the
evolution of a Bose-Einstein condensate. However, inevitably some atoms scatter
out of the condensate. We have developed a method, based on the field theory
formulation, describing the dynamics of incoherent processes which are due to
elastic collisions. We can therefore treat processes of spontaneous emission of
atoms into the empty modes, as opposed to stimulated processes, which require
non-zero initial occupation.
  In this Letter we study two counter-propagating plane waves of atoms,
calculating the full dynamics of mode occupation, as well as the statistics of
scattered atoms. The more realistic case of Gaussian wavepackets is also
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128882 </DOCNO>
SIGMA Observations of the Bursting Pulsar GRO J1744-28


  We present the results of the GRANAT/SIGMA hard X-/soft gamma-ray long-term
monitoring of the Galactic Center (GC) region concerning the source GRO
J1744-28, discovered on 1995 Dec. 2 by CGRO/BATSE. SIGMA observed the region
containing the source in 14 opportunities between 1990 and 1997. In two of
these observing sessions, corresponding to March 1996 and March 1997, GRO
J1744-28 was detected with a confidence level greater than 5(sigma) in the
35-75 keV energy band without detection in the 75-150 keV energy band. For the
other sessions, upper limits of the flux are indicated. The particular imaging
capabilities of the SIGMA telescope allow us to identify, specifically, the
source position in the very crowded GC region, giving us a mean flux of (73.1
+/- 5.5)E-11 and (44.7 +/- 6.4)E-11 ergs cm^-2 s^-1 in the 35-75 keV energy
band, for the March 1996 and March 1997 observing sessions, respectively.
Combining the March 1997 SIGMA and BATSE observations, we found evidence
pointing to the type-II nature of the source bursts for this period. For the
same observing campaigns, spectra were obtained in the 35 to 150 keV energy
band. The best fit corresponds to an optically thin thermal Bremsstrahlung with
F(50 keV)=(3.6 +/- 0.6)E-4 phot cm^-2 s^-1 keV^-1 and kT(Bremss)=28 +/- 7 keV,
for the first campaign, and F(50 keV)=(2.3 +/- 0.7)E-4 phot cm^-2 s^-1 keV^-1
and kT(Bremss)=18 (+12/-7) keV, for the second. This kind of soft spectrum is
typical of binary sources containing a neutron star as the compact object, in
contrast to the harder spectra typical of systems containing a black hole
candidate

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127876 </DOCNO>
The Photophysics of the Carrier of Extended Red Emission


  Interstellar dust contains a component which reveals its presence by emitting
a broad, unstructured band of light in the 540 to 950 nm wavelength range,
referred to as Extended Red Emission (ERE). The presence of interstellar dust
and ultraviolet photons are two necessary conditions for ERE to occur. This is
the basis for suggestions which attribute ERE to an interstellar dust component
capable of photoluminescence. In this study, we have collected all published
ERE observations with absolute-calibrated spectra for interstellar
environments, where the density of ultraviolet photons can be estimated
reliably. In each case, we determined the band-integrated ERE intensity, the
wavelength of peak emission in the ERE band, and the efficiency with which
absorbed ultraviolet photons are contributing to the ERE. The data show that
radiation is not only driving the ERE, as expected for a photoluminescence
process, but is modifying the ERE carrier as manifested by a systematic
increase in the ERE band's peak wavelength and a general decrease in the photon
conversion efficiency with increasing densities of the prevailing exciting
radiation. The overall spectral characteristics of the ERE and the observed
high quantum efficiency of the ERE process are currently best matched by the
recently proposed silicon nanoparticle (SNP) model. Using the experimentally
established fact that ionization of semiconductor nanoparticles quenches their
photoluminescence, we proceeded to test the SNP model by developing a
quantitative model for the excitation and ionization equilibrium of SNPs under
interstellar conditions for a wide range of radiation field densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168848 </DOCNO>
PPLN Waveguide for Quantum Communication


  We report on energy-time and time-bin entangled photon-pair sources based on
a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. Degenerate twin photons
at 1314 nm wavelength are created by spontaneous parametric down-conversion and
coupled into standard telecom fibers. Our PPLN waveguide features a very high
conversion efficiency of about 10^(-6), roughly 4 orders of magnitude more than
that obtained employing bulk crystals. Even if using low power laser diodes,
this engenders a significant probability for creating two pairs at a time - an
important advantage for some quantum communication protocols. We point out a
simple means to characterize the pair creation probability in case of a pulsed
pump. To investigate the quality of the entangled states, we perform
photon-pair interference experiments, leading to visibilities of 97% for the
case of energy-time entanglement and of 84% for the case of time-bin
entanglement. Although the last figure must still be improved, these tests
demonstrate the high potential of PPLN waveguide based sources to become a key
element for future quantum communication schemes

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75788 </DOCNO>
Kaon Physics from Lattice QCD


  The latest lattice results on kaon decays and mixing are reviewed. The
discussion is focused on recent theoretical progress and new numerical
calculations which appeared after Kaon 1999.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174849 </DOCNO>
Suppression of soft nuclear bremsstrahlung in proton-nucleus collisions


  Photon energy spectra up to the kinematic limit have been measured in 190 MeV
proton reactions with light and heavy nuclei to investigate the influence of
the multiple-scattering process on the photon production. Relative to the
predictions of models based on a quasi-free production mechanism a strong
suppression of bremsstrahlung is observed in the low-energy region of the
photon spectrum. We attribute this effect to the interference of photon
amplitudes due to multiple scattering of nucleons in the nuclear medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81239 </DOCNO>
Instabilities in Molecular Dynamics Integrators used in Hybrid Monte


  We discuss an instability in the leapfrog integration algorithm, widely used
in current Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) simulations of lattice QCD. We demonstrate
the instability in the simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) system where it is
manifest. We demonstrate the instability in HMC simulations of lattic QCD with
dynamical Wilson-Clover fermions and discuss implications for future
simulations of lattice QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96990 </DOCNO>
Category theory for conformal boundary conditions


  We study properties of the category of modules of an algebra object A in a
tensor category C. We show that the module category inherits various structures
from C, provided that A is a Frobenius algebra with certain additional
properties. As a by-product we obtain results about the Frobenius-Schur
indicator in sovereign tensor categories. A braiding on C is not needed, nor is
semisimplicity.
  We apply our results to the description of boundary conditions in
two-dimensional conformal field theory and present illustrative examples. We
show that when the module category is tensor, then it gives rise to a NIM-rep
of the fusion rules, and discuss a possible relation with the representation
theory of vertex operator algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129667 </DOCNO>
Core Radio and Optical Emission in Nearby FR I Radio Galaxies


  In this paper we analyze the relation between radio, optical continuum and
Halpha+[NII] emission from the cores of a sample of 21 nearby Fanaroff & Riley
type I galaxies as observed with the VLBA and HST. The emission arises inside
the inner tens of parsec of the galaxies. Core radio emission is observed in
19/20 galaxies, optical core continuum emission is detected in 12/21 galaxies
and Halpha+[NII] core emission is detected in 20/21 galaxies. We confirm the
recently detected linear correlation between radio and optical core emission in
FR I galaxies and show that both core emissions also correlate with central
Halpha+[NII] emission. The tight correlations between radio, optical and
Halpha+[NII] core emission constrain the bulk Lorentz factor to gamma ~ 2-5 and
gamma =< 2 for a continuous jet and a jet consisting of discrete blobs,
respectively, assuming jet viewing angles in the range [30deg,90deg]. Radio and
optical core emissions are likely to be synchrotron radiation from the inner
jet, possibly with a significant contribution from emission by an accretion
disk and/or flow. Elliptical galaxies with LINER nuclei without large-scale
radio jets seem to follow the core emission correlations found in FR I
galaxies. This suggests that the central engines could be very similar for the
two classes of AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41810 </DOCNO>
D0 Silicon Microstrip Tracker fro Run IIa


  We briefly describe the production, installation and commissioning of the new
800,000 channel D0 Silicon Microstrip Tracker to be used for the 2 fb$^{-1}$ of
the Run IIa at the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2242 </DOCNO>
Quantization of the Hall conductivity well beyond the adiabatic limit in


  We measure the Hall conductivity, $\sigma_{xy}$, on a Corbino geometry sample
of a high-mobility AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure in a pulsed magnetic field. At a
bath temperature about 80 mK, we observe well expressed plateaux in
$\sigma_{xy}$ at integer filling factors. In the pulsed magnetic field, the
Laughlin condition of the phase coherence of the electron wave functions is
strongly violated and, hence, is not crucial for $\sigma_{xy}$ quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174741 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Canonical and Grand Canonical Models for selected


  Calculations for a set of nuclear multifragmentation data are made using a
Canonical and a Grand Canonical Model. The physics assumptions are identical
but the Canonical Model has an exact number of particles, whereas, the Grand
Canonical Model has a varying number of particles, hence, is less exact.
Interesting differences are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168354 </DOCNO>
Moller operators and Lippmann-Schwinger equations for step-like


  The Moller operators and the asociated Lippman-Schwinger equations obtained
from different partitionings of the Hamiltonian for a step-like potential
barrier are worked out, compared and related.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125619 </DOCNO>
Mass loss rate determinations of southern OB stars


  A sample of OB stars (eleven Of, one O and one B supergiant) has been
surveyed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array at 4.8 and 8.64 GHz with a
resolution of 2'' -- 4''. Five stars were detected; three of them have negative
spectral indices, consistent with non-thermal emission, and two have positive
indices. The thermal radiation from HD 150135 and HD 163181 can be explained as
coming from an optically thick ionized stellar wind. The non-thermal radiation
from CD-47 4551, HD 124314 and HD 150136 possibly comes from strong shocks in
the wind itself and/or in the wind colliding region if the stars have a massive
early-type companion. The percentage of non-thermal emitters among detected O
stars has increased up to ~50%. The Of star HD 124314 clearly shows flux
density variations. Mass loss rates (or upper limits) were derived for all the
observed stars and the results compared with non-radio measurements and
theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169512 </DOCNO>
Photoconductance Quantization in a Single-Photon Detector


  We have made a single-photon detector that relies on photoconductive gain in
a narrow electron channel in an AlGaAs/GaAs 2-dimensional electron gas. Given
that the electron channel is 1-dimensional, the photo-induced conductance has
plateaus at multiples of the quantum conductance 2e$^{2}$/h. Super-imposed on
these broad conductance plateaus are many sharp, small, conductance steps
associated with single-photon absorption events that produce individual
photo-carriers. This type of photoconductive detector could measure a single
photon, while safely storing and protecting the spin degree of freedom of its
photo-carrier. This function is valuable for a quantum repeater that would
allow very long distance teleportation of quantum information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41221 </DOCNO>
Primary cosmic ray chemical composition in the energy region around


  Primary Cosmic Ray Chemical Composition is investigated in energy region
close to 10**16 eV. Studies are based on comparisons of gamma-hadron families
observed by Pamir and Pamir-Chacaltaya Collaboration, with families generated
by means of quasi-scaling model MC0. It is shown, that all characteristics of
observed families, including their intensity, are in a very good agreement with
simulated event properties at the normal chemical composition and are in
disagreement at heavy dominant compositions. Code CORSICA with VENUS and DPM
models also contradicts with experimental data of families. One- and
multi-dimensional methods of recognition of Fe-like families is worked up and
approved. They are based on family characteristics sensitive to atomic number
of induced nuclei and are not correlated between each others. It is shown that
the fraction of Fe-like families is consistent with the normal chemical
composition and strongly contradicts to heavy dominant ones. The success of MC0
model, in description of families properties, is due to large inelasticity
coefficient of soft interactions at superhigh energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124911 </DOCNO>
Neutral Hydrogen and Star Formation in the Irregular Galaxy NGC 2366


  We present UBVJHKHalpha and HI data of the irregular galaxy NGC 2366. It is a
normal boxy-shaped disk seen at high inclination angle. We do not see any
unambiguous observational signature of a bar. There is an asymmetrical
extension of stars along one end of the major axis of the galaxy, and this is
where the furthest star-forming regions are found, at 1.3R_Holmberg. The HI is
normal in many respects but shows some anomalies: 1) The integrated HI shows
two ridges running parallel to the major axis that deproject to a large ring.
2) The velocity field exhibits several large-scale anomalies superposed on a
rotating disk. 3) The inclination and position angles derived from the
kinematics differ from those dervied from the optical and HI mor- phology. 4)
There are regions in the HI of unusually high velocity dispersion that
correlate with deficits of HI emission in a manner suggestive of long-range,
turbulent pressure equilibrium. Star-forming regions are found where the gas
densities locally exceed 6 Msolar/pc^2. NGC 2366, like other irregulars, has
low gas densities relative to the critical gas densities of gravitational
instability models. Because of the lack of shear in the optical galaxy, there
is little competition to the slow gravitational contraction that follows energy
dissipation. However, the peak gas densities in the star-forming regions are
equal to the local tidal densities for gravitational self-binding of a rotating
cloud. Evidently the large scale gas concentrations are marginally bound
against background galactic tidal forces. This condition for self-binding may
be more fundamental than the instability condition because it is local,
three-dimensional, and does not involve spiral arm generation as an
intermediate step toward star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41197 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the longitudinal and transverse cross-section in e^+e^-


  An investigation of the polar angle distribution of charged hadrons is
presented using data taken by the JADE experiment at the PETRA e^+e^- collider
at centre-of-mass energies of 35 and 44 GeV. From fits to the polar angle
distribution the longitudinal, sigma_L, and transverse, sigma_T, cross-section
relative to the total hadronic are determined at an average energy scale of
36.6 GeV. The results are sigma_L/sigma_tot = 0.067 +/- 0.013,
sigma_T/sigma_tot = 0.933 -/+ 0.013 where total errors are given and the
results are exactly anti-correlated. Using the next-to-leading order QCD
prediction for the longitudinal cross-section, the value alpha_S(36.6 GeV) =
0.150 +/- 0.025 of the strong coupling constant is obtained in agreement with
the world average value of alpha_S evolved to an energy scale of 36.6 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113611 </DOCNO>
Adding Resistances and Capacitances in Introductory Electricity


  We propose a unified approach to addition of resistors and capacitors such
that the formulae are always simply additive. This approach has the advantage
of being consistent with the intuition of the students. To demonstrate our
point of view, we re-work some well-known end-of-the-chapter textbook problems
and propose some additional new problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6837 </DOCNO>
Instability and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Alternans in Paced Cardiac


  We derive an equation that governs the spatiotemporal dynamics of small
amplitude alternans in paced cardiac tissue. We show that a pattern-forming
linear instability leads to the spontaneous formation of stationary or
traveling waves whose nodes divide the tissue into regions with opposite phase
of oscillation of action potential duration. This instability is important
because it creates dynamically an heterogeneous electrical substrate for
inducing fibrillation if the tissue size exceeds a fraction of the pattern
wavelength. We compute this wavelength analytically as a function of three
basic length scales characterizing dispersion and inter-cellular electrical
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128262 </DOCNO>
Why NS and BH mass distribition is bimodal?


  The observed mass distribution for the compact remnants of massive stars
(neutron stars and black holes) and its relationship to possible mechanisms for
the ejection of the envelopes of type II and Ib/c supernovae is analyzed. The
conclusion is drawn that this distribution can be obtained only by a
magneto-rotational mechanism for the supernovae with sufficiently long time of
the field amplification, and a soft equation of state for neutron stars with
limiting masses \sim1.5-1.6M_\odot. Some consequences of this hypothesis are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77102 </DOCNO>
Stability and experimental flux bound of Fermi Ball


  We investigate the stability of an Fermi ball(F-ball) within the
next-to-leading order approximation in the thin wall expansion. We find out
that an F-ball is unstable in case that it is electrically neutral. We then
find out that an electrically charged F-ball is metastable in some parameter
range. We lastly discuss the allowed region of parameters of an F-ball, taking
into account the stability of an F-ball and results of experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75622 </DOCNO>
Topological Solitons from DeConstructed Extra Dimensions


  A topological monopole-like field configuration exists for Yang-Mills gauge
fields in a 4+1 dimensions. When the extra dimension is compactified to 3+1
dimensions with periodic lattice boundary conditions, these objects reappear in
the low energy effective theory as a novel solution, a gauged-bosonic Skyrmion.
When the low energy theory spontaneously breaks, the Nambu-Goldstone mode
develops a VEV, and the gauged-bosonic Skyrmion morphs into a `t
Hooft--Polyakov monopole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127331 </DOCNO>
Excess GeV radiation and cosmic ray origin


  Recent EGRET observations of the diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission reveal a
spectrum which is incompatible with the assumption that the cosmic ray spectra
measured locally hold throughout the Galaxy: the spectrum above 1 GeV, where
the emission is supposedly dominated by pi^0-decay, is harder than that derived
from the local cosmic ray proton spectrum.
  We demonstrate that in case of a SNR origin of cosmic ray nucleons part of
this gamma-ray excess may be attributed to the dispersion of the spectral
indices in these objects. In global averages, as are gamma-ray line-of-sight
integrals, this dispersion leads to a positive curvature in the composite
spectrum, and hence to modified pi^0-decay gamma-ray spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96110 </DOCNO>
Modular transformation and twist between trigonometric limits of $sl(n)$


  We study the modular transformation of ${\bf Z}_n$-symmetric elliptic
R-matrix and construct the twist between the trigonometric degeneracy of the
elliptic R-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76669 </DOCNO>
Soliton stars and large extra dimensions


  We examine a certain class of exotic objects called soliton stars in the
context of brane world models with compact large extra dimensions. We show that
these objects continue to exist but with many of their properties significantly
modified. For some parameters of the models there exesit some micro-states
which can probably be accessible in near-future accelerator experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99194 </DOCNO>
L-modules and micro-support


  L-modules are a combinatorial analogue of constructible sheaves on the
reductive Borel-Serre compactification of a locally symmetric space. We define
the micro-support of an L-module; it is a set of irreducible modules for the
Levi quotients of the parabolic Q-subgroups associated to the strata. We prove
a vanishing theorem for the global cohomology of an L-module in term of the
micro-support. We calculate the micro-support of the middle profile weighted
cohomology and the middle perversity intersection cohomology L-modules. (For
intersection cohomology we must assume the Q-root system has no component of
type D_n, E_n, or F_4.) Finally we prove a functoriality theorem concerning the
behavior of micro-support upon restriction of an L-module to the pre-image of a
Satake stratum. As an application we settle a conjecture made independently by
Rapoport and by Goresky and MacPherson, namely, that the intersection
cohomology (for either middle perversity) of the reductive Borel-Serre
compactification of a Hermitian locally symmetric space is isomorphic to the
intersection cohomology of the Baily-Borel-Satake compactification. We also
obtain a new proof of the main result of Goresky, Harder, and MacPherson on
weighted cohomology as well as generalizations of both of these results to
general Satake compactifications with equal-rank real boundary components.
  An overview of the theory of L-modules and the above conjecture, as well as
an application to the cohomology of arithmetic groups, can be found in
math.RT/0112250 .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1957 </DOCNO>
Transport Anomalies and the Role of Pseudogap in the "60-K Phase" of


  We report the result of our accurate measurements of the a- and b-axis
resistivity, Hall coefficient, and the a-axis thermopower in untwinned
YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} single crystals in a wide range of doping. It is found that
both the a-axis resistivity and the Hall conductivity show anomalous
dependences on the oxygen content y in the "60-K phase" below the pseudogap
temperature T^*. The complete data set enables us to narrow down the possible
pictures of the 60-K phase, with which we discuss a peculiar role of the
pseudogap in the charge transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99118 </DOCNO>
On the lower bounds for the number of periodic billiard trajectories in


  In this paper the problem of estimating the number of periodical billiard
trajectories is considered. The main result is the theorem on Morse theory for
periodical billiard trajectories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3963 </DOCNO>
Bursts in a fiber bundle model with continuous damage


  We study the constitutive behaviour, the damage process, and the properties
of bursts in the continuous damage fiber bundle model introduced recently.
Depending on its two parameters, the model provides various types of
constitutive behaviours including also macroscopic plasticity. Analytic results
are obtained to characterize the damage process along the plastic plateau under
strain controlled loading, furthermore, for stress controlled experiments we
develop a simulation technique and explore numerically the distribution of
bursts of fiber breaks assuming infinite range of interaction. Simulations
revealed that under certain conditions power law distribution of bursts arises
with an exponent significantly different from the mean field exponent 5/2. A
phase diagram of the model characterizing the possible burst distributions is
constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81451 </DOCNO>
Unquenched Studies Using the Truncated Determinant Algorithm


  A truncated determinant algorithm is used to study the physical effects of
the quark eigenmodes associated with eigenvalues below 420 MeV. This initial
high statistics study focuses on coarse ($6^4$) lattices (with O($a^2$)
improved gauge action), light internal quark masses and large physical volumes.
Three features of full QCD are examined: topological charge distributions,
string breaking as observed in the static energy and the eta prime mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6347 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory of Forward Rates with Stochastic Volatility


  In a recent formulation of a quantum field theory of forward rates, the
volatility of the forward rates was taken to be deterministic. The field theory
of the forward rates is generalized to the case of stochastic volatility. Two
cases are analyzed, firstly when volatility is taken to be a function of the
forward rates, and secondly when volatility is taken to be an independent
quantum field. Since volatiltiy is a positive valued quantum field, the full
theory turns out to be an interacting nonlinear quantum field theory in two
dimensions. The state space and Hamiltonian for the interacting theory are
obtained, and shown to have a nontrivial structure due to the manifold moving
with a constant velocity. The no arbitrage condition is reformulated in terms
of the Hamiltonian of the system, and then exactly solved for the nonlinear
interacting case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128425 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution Mid-Infrared Morphology of Cygnus A


  We present subarcsecond resolution mid-infrared images at 10.8 and 18.2
microns of Cygnus A. These images were obtained with the University of Florida
mid-IR camera/spectrometer OSCIR at the Keck II 10-m telescope. Our data show
extended mid-IR emission primarily to the east of the nucleus with a possible
western extension detected after image deconvolution. This extended emission is
closely aligned with the bi-conical structure observed at optical and near-IR
wavelengths by the HST. This emission is consistent with dust heated from the
central engine of Cygnus A. We also marginally detect large-scale low level
emission extending > 1.5 kpc from the nucleus which may be caused by in-situ
star formation, line emission, and/or PAH contamination within the bandpass of
our wide N-band filter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149483 </DOCNO>
Exact Brane Solutions in Curved Backgrounds


  We consider the classical null p-brane dynamics in D-dimensional curved
backgrounds and apply the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky approach for BRST
quantization of general gauge theories. Then we develop a method for solving
the tensionless $p$-brane equations of motion and constraints. This is possible
whenever there exists at least one Killing vector for the background metric. It
is shown that the same method can be also applied for the tensile 1-branes.
Finally, we give two examples of explicit exact solutions in four dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123888 </DOCNO>
In the Shadow of the Accretion Disk: Higher Resolution Imaging of the


  The physical conditions in the inner parsec of accretion disks believed to
orbit the central black holes in active galactic nuclei can be probed by
imaging the absorption (by ionized gas in the disk) of background emission from
a radio counterjet. We report high angular resolution VLBI observations of the
nearby (about 40 Mpc) radio galaxy NGC 4261 that confirm free-free absorption
of radio emission from a counterjet by a geometrically thin, nearly edge-on
disk at 1.6, 4.8, and 8.4 GHz. The angular width and depth of the absorption
appears to increase with decreasing frequency, as expected. We derive an
average electron density of ~10E4 per cc at a disk radius of about 0.2 pc,
assuming that the inner disk inclination and opening angles are the same as at
larger radii. Pressure balance between the thermal gas and the magnetic field
in the disk implies an average field strength of 0.1 milligauss at a radius of
0.2 pc. These are the closest-in free-free absorption measurements to date of
the conditions in an extragalactic accretion disk orbiting a black hole with a
well-determined mass. If a standard advection-dominated accretion flow exists
in the disk center, then the transition between thin and thick disk regions
must occur at a radius less than 0.2 pc (4000 Schwarzschild radii).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99253 </DOCNO>
Conjugacy problem for braid groups and Garside groups


  We present a new algorithm to solve the conjugacy problem in Artin braid
groups, which is faster than the one presented by Birman, Ko and Lee. This
algorithm can be applied not only to braid groups, but to all Garside groups
(which include finite type Artin groups and torus knot groups among others).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4446 </DOCNO>
Exchange Bias Theory: a Review


  Research on the exchange bias (EB) phenomenon has witnessed a flurry of
activity during recent years, which stems from its use in magnetic sensors and
as stabilizers in magnetic reading heads. EB was discovered in 1956 but it
attracted only limited attention until these applications, closely related to
giant magnetoresistance, were developed during the last decade. In this review
I first give a short introduction, listing the most salient experimental
results and what is required from an EB theory. Next, I indicate some of the
obstacles in the road towards a satisfactory understanding of the phenomenon.
The main body of the text reviews and critically discusses the activity that
has flourished, mainly during the last five years, in the theoretical front.
Finally, an evaluation of the progress made, and a critical assessment as to
where we stand nowadays along the road to a satisfactory theory, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125542 </DOCNO>
On the Relationship between Stellar Rotation and Radius in Young


  We examine the early angular momentum history of stars in young clusters via
197 photometric periods in the Orion Flanking Fields, 83 photometric periods in
NGC 2264, and 256 measurements of v sin i in the ONC. We show that PMS stars,
even those without observable disks, apparently do not conserve stellar angular
momentum as they evolve down their convective tracks, but instead evolve at
nearly constant angular velocity. This result is inconsistent with expectations
that convective stars lacking disks should spin up as they contract, but
paradoxically consistent with disk-locking models. We briefly explore possible
resolutions, including disk locking, birthline effects, stellar winds, and
planetary companions. We have found no plausible explanations for this paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73309 </DOCNO>
Decays of the pi+ pi- atom


  We construct an effective non-relativistic quantum field theory that
describes bound states of pi+ pi- pairs and their hadronic decays. We then
derive a general expression for the lifetime of the ground state at
next-to-leading order in isospin breaking. Chiral perturbation theory allows
one to relate the decay rate to the two S-wave pi pi scattering lengths and to
several low-energy constants that occur in the chiral Lagrangian. Recent
predictions for the scattering lengths give tau = (2.9 \pm 0.1) * 10^{-15} sec.
This result may be confronted with pi+ pi- lifetime measurements, like the one
presently carried out at CERN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73271 </DOCNO>
Direct CP Asymmetry of B -> X_d \gamma in the effective SUSY model


  We investigate the effect of supersymmetric CP violating phases on the
inclusive decay B\to X_d\gamma. Although such a decay contains a large
background from B\to X_s\gamma, if isolated it may exhibit sizeable CP
violation, both in the Standard Model (SM) and in the context of models beyond
the SM. With unconstrained supersymmetric CP violating phases we show that the
direct CP asymmetry (A_CP) lies in the region -40% \le A_CP \le 40%, where a
positive asymmetry would constitute a clear signal of physics beyond the SM.
Even if a direct measurement of B\to X_d\gamma proves too dif ficult
experimentally, its asymmetry contributes non-negligibly to the measurements of
A_CP for B\to X_s\gamma, and thus should be included in future analyses. We
show t hat there may be both constructive and destructive interference between
A^d\gamma_CP and A^s\gamma_CP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85936 </DOCNO>
A note on the Limits to Global Rotation from Teleparallel G\"{o}del


  A teleparallel G\"{o}del universe is shown to lead to a simple and natural
relation between Cartan torsion and the global rotation of the universe.This is
straightforward if one uses the formalism of Cartan's calculus of exterior
differential forms.It is possible to place a limit on the global rotation from
the knowledge of torsion and the converse is also true.The Obukhov recent limit
of $\frac{\omega}{H_{0}}=1$ leads to the well know value for cosmological
torsion of $10^{-17} cm^{-1}$.COBE constraints on the temperature anisotropy
allows us to obtain limits on the torsion fluctuation in G\"{o}del's universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113846 </DOCNO>
Gain, Rate and Position Resolution Limits of Micropattern Gaseous


  In this study we report the results of a systematic study of the gain, rate
and the position resolution limits of various micropattern gaseous detectors.
It was found that at low rates (<1 Hz/mm^2) each detector has it own gain
limit, which depends on the size and design features, as well as on gas
composition and pressure. However, in all cases the maximum achievable gain is
less than or equal to the classical Raether limit. It also was found that for
all detectors tested the maximum achievable gain drops sharply with the
counting rate. The position resolution of micropattern detectors for detection
of X-rays (6 to 35 kV) was also studied, being demonstrated that with solid
converters one could reach a position resolution better than 30 micrometers at
1 atm in a simple counting mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86638 </DOCNO>
Reduced Total Energy Requirements for a Modified Alcubierre Warp Drive


  It can be shown that negative energy requirements within the Alcubierre
spacetime can be greatly reduced when one introduces a lapse function into the
Einstein tensor. Thereby reducing the negative energy requirements of the warp
drive spacetime arbitrarily as a function of A(ct,r_s). With this function new
quantum inequality restrictions are investigated in a general form. Finally a
pseudo method for controlling a warp bubble at a velocity greater than that of
light is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97011 </DOCNO>
Fedosov Quantization on Symplectic Ringed Spaces


  We expose the basics of the Fedosov quantization procedure, placed in the
general framework of symplectic ringed spaces. This framework also includes
some Poisson manifolds with non regular Poisson structures, presymplectic
manifolds, complex analytic symplectic manifolds, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72466 </DOCNO>
Quantum Nucleardynamics as an SU(2)_N \times U(1)_Z Gauge Theory


  It is shown that quantum nucleardynamics (QND) as an SU(2)_N \times U(1)_Z
gauge theory, which is generated from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) as an
SU(3)_C gauge theory through dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking,
successfully describes nuclear phenomena at low energies. The proton and
neutron assigned as a strong isospin doublet are identified as a colorspin plus
weak isospin doublet. Massive gluon mediates strong interactions with the
effective coupling constant G_R/\sqrt{2}= g_n^2/8 M_G^2 \approx 10 GeV^{-2}
just like Fermi weak constant G_F/\sqrt{2} = g_w^2/8 M_W^2 \approx 10^{-5}
GeV^{-2} in the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam model where g_n and g_w are the coupling
constants and M_G and M_W are the gauge boson masses. Explicit evidences such
as lifetimes and cross sections of nuclear scattering and reaction, nuclear
matter and charge densities, nucleon-nucleon scattering, magnetic dipole
moment, gamma decay, etc. are shown in support of QND. The baryon number
conservation is the consequence of the U(1)_Z gauge theory and the proton
number conservation is the consequence of the U(1)_f gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168386 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Search Algorithm for a Specified Number of Targets


  The quantum search algorithm of Chen and Diao, which finds with certainty a
single target item in an unsorted database, is modified so as to be capable of
searching for an arbitrary specified number of target items. If the number of
targets, nu_0, is a power of four, the new algorithm will with certainty find
one of the targets in a database of n items using
(1/2)(3(N/nu_0)^{log_base_4(3)}-1) \approx (1/2)(3(N/nu_0)^{0.7925}-1) oracle
calls, where N is the smallest power of four greater than or equal to n. If
nu_0 is not a power of four, the algorithm will, with a probability of at least
one-half, find one of the targets using no more than
(1/2)(9(N/nu)^{log_base_4(3)}-1) calls, where nu is the smallest power of four
greater than or equal to nu_0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149146 </DOCNO>
Brane fusion in the bosonic string and the emergence of fermionic


  We review the emergence of the ten-dimensional fermionic closed string
theories from subspaces of the Hilbert space of the 26-dimensional bosonic
closed string theory compactified on an $E_8\times SO(16)$ lattice. They arise
from a consistent truncation procedure which generates space-time fermions out
of bosons. This procedure is extended to open string sectors. We prove that
truncation of the unique tadpole-free $SO(2^{13})$ bosonic string theory
compactified on the above lattice determines the anomaly free Chan-Paton group
of the Type I theory and the consistent Chan-Paton groups of Type O theories.
It also predicts the tension of space-filling D-branes in these fermionic
theories. The derivation of these fermionic string properties from bosonic
considerations alone points towards a dynamical origin of the truncation
process. Space-time fermions and supersymmetries would then arise from bosonic
degrees of freedom and no fermionic degrees of freedom would be needed in a
fundamental theory of quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75266 </DOCNO>
Generalized Parton Distributions : Experimental aspects


  After briefly outlining the formalism of the Generalized Parton Distributions
(GPDs) in the first sections, we discuss some general considerations for their
experimental study : in particular, the relation between GPDs and experimental
observables and the need and requirements for a dedicated experimental
facility. Also, we review and comment the first experimental signatures of this
physics recently observed by the HERMES and CLAS (at JLab) collaborations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126140 </DOCNO>
Bremsstrahlung of Flavor-Degenerate Pairs by Neutrinos in the Nuclear


  Neutrino Bremsstrahlung of flavor-degenerate pairs in the field of a nucleus
is of potential importance for neutrino astrophysics and is representative of a
class of processes connecting leptonic electroweak sectors to real or virtual
photons. We focus on first generation flavor production by both electron and
muon neutrinos and present Standard Model cross sections and distributions for
lead and iron nuclei. The results (of order 10-41 cm2 for electron neutrino -
lead collisions at 100 MeV) have been fitted to empirical formulae that can be
used to estimate backgrounds to neutrino detection experiments and flux
normalizations. A compact form of the matrix element obtained by analytic
reduction is used to explain the distributions. The V-A limits of the cross
sections are shown to agree with published work from the pre-neutral current
era. Event signatures and the possible roles of these processes in stellar and
laboratory neutrino physics are discussed. Cross sections are compared with
those for neutrino-electron scattering for neutrino spectra corresponding to
typical supernovae temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41255 </DOCNO>
Proposed Post-LEP Benchmarks for Supersymmetry


  We propose a new set of supersymmetric benchmark scenarios, taking into
account the constraints from LEP, b to s gamma, g_mu - 2 and cosmology. We work
in the context of the constrained MSSM (CMSSM) with universal soft
supersymetry-breaking masses and assume that R parity is conserved. We propose
benchmark points that exemplify the different generic possibilities, including
focus-point models, points where coannihilation effects on the relic density
are important, and points with rapid relic annihilation via direct-channel
Higgs poles. We discuss the principal decays and signatures of the different
classes of benchmark scenarios, and make initial estimates of the physics
reaches of different accelerators, including the Tevatron collider, the LHC,
and e+ e- colliders in the sub- and multi-TeV ranges. We stress the
complementarity of hadron and lepton colliders, with the latter favoured for
non-strongly-interacting particles and precision measurements. We mention
features that could usefully be included in future versions of supersymmetric
event generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127861 </DOCNO>
Timing in the Time Domain: Cygnus X-1


  Quantities characterizing temporal property, e.g. power density, coherence,
and time lag, can be defined and calculated directly in the time domain without
using the Fourier transformation. Spectral hardness, variability duration, and
correlation between different characteristic quantities on different time scale
can be studied in the time domain as well. The temporal analysis technique in
the time domain is a powerful tool, particularly in studying rapid variability
on short time scales (or in high frequencies). Results of studying
variabilities of X-rays from Cyg X-1 with the analysis technique in the time
domain and RXTE data reveal valuable clues to understanding production and
propagation processes of X-rays and structure of accretion disk in the black
hole system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74112 </DOCNO>
Symplectic vs pseudo-Euclidean space-time with extra dimensions


  It is conjectured that the symplectic structure of space-time is superior to
the metric one. Instead of the commonly adopted pseudo-orthogonal groups
SO(1,d-1), d\ge4, the complex symplectic ones Sp(2l,C), l\ge1 are proposed as
the local structure groups of the extended space-time. A discrete series of the
metric space-times of the particular dimensionalities d=4l^2 and signatures,
with l(2l-1) time and l(2l+1) spatial directions, defined over the set of the
Hermitian second-rank spin-tensors is proposed as an alternative to the
pseudo-Euclidean space-times with extra dimensions. The one-dimensional
time-like direction remaining invariant under fixed boosts makes it possible
the non-relativistic causality description despite the presence of extra times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169158 </DOCNO>
De Broglie Wavelength Reduction for a Multi-photon Wave Packet


  An experiment is proposed that permits the observation of the reduced de
Broglie wavelengths of two and four-photon wave packets using present
technology. It is suggested to use a Mach-Zehnder setup and feed both input
ports with light generated by a single non-degenerate down-conversion source.
The strong quantum correlations of the light in conjunction with
boson-enhancement at the input beam splitter allow to detect a two- and
fourfold decrease in the observed de Broglie wavelength with perfect
visibility. This allows a reduction of the observed de Broglie wavelength below
the wavelength of the source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168388 </DOCNO>
An ultra-sensitive pulsed balanced homodyne detector: Application to


  A pulsed balanced homodyne detector has been developed for precise
measurements of electric field quadratures of pulsed optical quantum states. A
high level of common mode suppression (> 85 dB) and low electronic noise (730
electrons per pulse) provide a signal to noise ratio of 14 dB for the
measurement of the quantum noise of individual pulses. Measurements at
repetition rates up to 1 MHz are possible. As a test, quantum tomography of the
coherent state is performed and the Wigner function and the density matrix are
reconstructed with a 99.5% fidelity. The detection system can also be used for
ultrasensitive balanced detection in cw mode, e.g. for weak absorption
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168795 </DOCNO>
Doubly--dressed atomic wave packets


  The problems of cavity atom optics in the presence of an external strong
coherent field are formulated as the problems of potential scattering of
doubly-dressed atomic wave packets. Two types of potentials produced by various
multiphoton Raman processes in a high-finesse cavity are examined. As an
application the deflection of dressed atomic wave by a cavity mode is
investigated. New momentum distribution of the atoms is derived that depends
from the parameters of coherent field as well as photon states in the cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128451 </DOCNO>
Investigating the nature of the z~2.8 submillimeter selected galaxy SMM


  We present deep optical spectropolarimety of SMM J02399-0136 (z=2.8) done
with the VLT Antu 8.2 m telescope equipped with FORS1. Moderate continuum and
emission line polarization are measured (P~5%). We do not detect broad lines in
scattered flux as would be expected for a type-2 object but rather a
polarization behaviour similar to BAL quasars. This classification is confirmed
by the detection of both high and low ionization broad absorption troughs and a
very red continuum. We argue that this object shares several properties with
local ULIGs such as Mrk 231 and other ultraluminous infrared Lo-BAL quasars.
However, the fact that the ultraviolet spectrum is dominated by non-stellar
radiation does not prove that the dust that is thermally radiating in the far
infrared is predominantly heated by the AGN. Since the energy that we get in
the far-infrared is precisely that which is removed from the ultraviolet
spectrum, this could mean that the starburst is more dust-enshrouded than the
AGN due to a peculiar dust distribution. The limits we place on the putative
starburst contribution to the restframe ultraviolet continuum together with
constraints on the amount of extinction provides an upper limit to the star
formation rate of about 2000 Msun/yr, consistent with previously claimed high
star formation rate in this object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5214 </DOCNO>
Transition between orbital orderings in YVO3


  Evidence has been found for a change in the ordered occupation of the
vanadium d-orbitals at the 77K phase transition in YVO3, manifested by a change
in the type of Jahn-Teller distortion. The orbital ordering above 77K is not
destroyed at the magnetic ordering temperature of 116K, but is present as far
as a second structural phase transition at 200K. The transition between orbital
orderings is caused by an increase in octahedral tilting with decreasing
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86696 </DOCNO>
Reconstructing the equation of state for cold nuclear matter from the


  A direct method is developed to reconstruct the equation of state for
high-density nuclear matter from the relationship between any two properties of
neutron stars, such as masses, radii, moments of inertia, baryonic masses,
binding energies, gravitational redshifts, and their combinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149240 </DOCNO>
Non-Linear/Non-Commutative Non-Abelian Monopoles


  Using recently proposed non-linearly realized supersymmetry in non-Abelian
gauge theory corrected to the order (alpha')^2, we derive the non-linear BPS
equations in the background B-field for the U(2) monopoles and instantons. We
show that these non-Abelian non-linear BPS equations coincide with the
non-commutative anti-self-dual equations via the Seiberg-Witten map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41867 </DOCNO>
A model prediction for polarized antiquark flavor asymmetry


  Polarized flavor asymmetry Delta u-bar/Delta d-bar is investigated in a
meson-cloud model. A polarized nucleon splits into a rho meson and a baryon,
then the polarized rho meson interacts with the virtual photon. Because of the
difference between the longitudinally polarized distributions Delta u-bar and
Delta d-bar in rho, the polarized flavor asymmetry is produced in the nucleon.
In addition, we show that the g_2 part of rho contributes to the asymmetry
especially at medium x with small Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74142 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative corrections to the quark self-energy


  Nonperturbative self-energy of a bound quark is computed gauge-invariantly in
the framework of background perturbation theory. The resulting Delta m^2_q is
negative and is a universal function of string tension and current quark mass.
The shift of hadron mass squared, M^2, due to Delta m^2_q is negative, large
for light quarks, and solves the long-standing problem of Regge intercepts in
relativistic quark models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6278 </DOCNO>
Possibility of Turbulent Crystals


  The possibility for the occurrence in crystals of a phenomenon, resembling
turbulence, is discussed. This phenomenon, called {\it heterophase turbulence},
is manifested by the fluctuational appearance inside a crystalline sample of
disordered regions randomly distributed in space. The averaged picture for such
a turbulent solid is exemplified by an exactly solvable lattice-gas model. The
origin of heterophase turbulence is connected with stochastic instability of
quasi-isolated systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169315 </DOCNO>
Secure assisted quantum computation


  Suppose Alice wants to perform some computation that could be done quickly on
a quantum computer, but she cannot do universal quantum computation. Bob can do
universal quantum computation and claims he is willing to help, but Alice wants
to be sure that Bob cannot learn her input, the result of her calculation, or
even the function she is trying to compute. We describe an efficient protocol
by which Bob can help Alice perform the computation, but there is no way for
him to learn anything about it. Furthermore, we show how Alice can efficiently
detect whether Bob is honestly helping her or if he is introducing errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126898 </DOCNO>
Cutoff in the TeV Energy Spectrum of Markarian 421 During Strong Flares


  Exceptionally strong and long lasting flaring activity of the blazar
Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) occurred between January and March 2001. Based on the
excellent signal-to-noise ratio of the data we derive the energy spectrum
between 260 GeV - 17 TeV with unprecedented statistical precision. The spectrum
is not well described by a simple power law even with a curvature term. Instead
the data can be described by a power law with exponential cutoff: $\rm
{{dN}\over{dE}} \propto \rm E^{-2.14 \pm 0.03_{stat}} \times e^{-E/E_{0}}
m^{-2} s^{-1} TeV^{-1}$ with $\rm E_{0} = 4.3 \pm 0.3_{stat} TeV$. Mrk 421 is
the second $\gamma$-ray blazar that unambiguously exhibits an absorption-like
feature in its spectral energy distribution at 3-6 TeV suggesting that this may
be a universal phenomenon, possibly due to the extragalactic infra-red
background radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3537 </DOCNO>
Modes of Kink Motion on Dislocations in Semiconductors


  Analysis is given of the changes of dislocation motion modes with stress and
temperature variation. Different regimes of dislocation kink pair formation and
spreading (motion in the random potential, in the field of random forces, the
quasi-localization) are considered. Discrepancies are discussed between the
theory and experimental data on dislocation velocities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41818 </DOCNO>
Single-spin azimuthal asymmetry in exclusive electroproduction of pi^+


  A single-spin asymmetry in the distribution of exclusively produced pi^+
mesons azimuthally around the virtual photon direction relative to the lepton
scattering plane has been measured for the first time in deep-inelastic
scattering of positrons off longitudinally polarized protons. Integrated over
the experimental acceptance, the sin \phi moment of the polarization asymmetry
of the cross section is measured to be -0.18 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.02 (syst.).
The asymmetry is also studied as a function of the relevant kinematic
variables, and its magnitude is found to grow with decreasing x and increasing
-t and vanish at t -> t_min (where x is the Bjorken scaling variable and t is
the squared four-momentum transferred to the nucleon).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4917 </DOCNO>
Josephson Plasma Resonance in Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$ in a Magnetic


  We report the first measurements of the $c$-axis Josephson Plasma Resonance
(JPR) in Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$ as a function of temperature with and
without a $c$-axis magnetic field using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in
transmission. The JPR is sensitive to the alignment of pancake vortices along
the $c$-axis, and is observed to decrease when applying a magnetic field as
expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6410 </DOCNO>
Frequency Dependent Conductivity of the Fibonacci-Chain


  A real-space renormalization method for the frequency dependent conductivity
of the periodic approximants of the Fibonacci chain is developed. This scheme
is based on the known 2x2 transfer matrices and additional 5x5 matrices which
allow an efficient numerical evaluation of the Kubo formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148868 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation, Boundary State and Noncommutative Solitons


  We discuss the tachyon condensation in a single unstable D-brane in the
framework of boundary state formulation. The boundary state in the background
of the tachyon condensation and the NS B-field is explicitly constructed. We
show in both commutative theory and noncommutative theory that the unstable
D-branes behaves like an extended object and eventually reduces to the lower
dimensional D-branes as the system approaches the infrared fixed point. We
clarify the relationship between the commutative field theoretical description
of the tachyon condensation and the noncommutative one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5696 </DOCNO>
The effect of pressure on statics, dynamics and stability of


  The effect of pressure and negative pressure on the modes of oscillation of a
multi-electron bubble in liquid helium is calculated. Already at low pressures
of the order of 10-100 mbar, these effects are found to significantly modify
the frequencies of oscillation of the bubble. Stabilization of the bubble is
shown to occur in the presence of a small negative pressure, which expands the
bubble radius. Above a threshold negative pressure, the bubble is unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127743 </DOCNO>
The Very Small Array


  The Very Small Array (VSA) is a fourteen-element interferometer designed to
study the cosmic microwave background on angular scales of 2.4 to 0.2 degrees
(angular multipoles l = 150 to 1800). It operates at frequencies between 26 and
36 GHz, with a bandwidth of 1.5 GHz, and is situated at the Teide Observatory,
Tenerife. The instrument also incorporates a single-baseline interferometer,
with larger collecting area, operating simultaneously with and at the same
frequency as the VSA main array. This provides accurate flux measurements of
contaminating radio sources in the VSA observations. Since September 2000, the
VSA has been making observations of primordial CMB fluctuations. We describe
the instrument, observing strategy and current status of the first year of
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73198 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of Jets on a Virtual Pion Target in Next-to-Leading


  Differential cross sections for inclusive dijet photoproduction on a virtual
pion have been calculated in next-to-leading order QCD as a function of $E_T,
\eta$, and $x_{\pi}$. The cross sections are compared with recent ZEUS data on
photoproduction of dijets with a leading neutron in the final state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72539 </DOCNO>
Topics on four-fermion Physics at electron-positron colliders


  I review the most recent progresses in the calculation of four-fermion
processes in electron-positron collisions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5366 </DOCNO>
Ursell operators in statistical physics of dense systems: the role of


  The purpose of this article is to discuss cluster expansions in dense quantum
systems as well as their interconnection with exchange cycles. We show in
general how the Ursell operators of order 3 or more contribute to an
exponential which corresponds to a mean-field energy involving the second
operator U2, instead of the potential itself as usual. In a first part, we
consider classical statistical mechanics and recall the relation between the
reducible part of the classical cluster integrals and the mean-field; we
introduce an alternative method to obtain the linear density contribution to
the mean-field, which is based on the notion of tree-diagrams and provides a
preview of the subsequent quantum calculations. We then proceed to study
quantum particles with Boltzmann statistics (distinguishable particles) and
show that each Ursell operator Un with n greater or equal to 3 contains a
``tree-reducible part'', which groups naturally with U2 through a linear chain
of binary interactions; this part contributes to the associated mean-field
experienced by particles in the fluid. The irreducible part, on the other hand,
corresponds to the effects associated with three (or more) particles
interacting all together at the same time. We then show that the same algebra
holds in the case of Fermi or Bose particles, and discuss physically the role
of the exchange cycles, combined with interactions. Bose condensed systems are
not considered at this stage. The similarities and differences between
Boltzmann and quantum statistics are illustrated by this approach, in contrast
with field theoretical or Green's functions methods, which do not allow a
separate study of the role of quantum statistics and dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128747 </DOCNO>
Extinction calculations of multi-sphere polycrystalline graphitic


  Certain dust particles in space are expected to appear as clusters of
individual grains. The morphology of these clusters could be fractal or
compact. In this paper we study the light scattering by compact and fractal
polycrystalline graphitic clusters consisting of touching identical spheres. We
compare three general methods for computing the extinction of the clusters in
the wavelength range 0.1 - 100 micron, namely, a rigorous solution (Gerardy &
Ausloos 1982) and two different discrete-dipole approximation methods --
MarCODES (Markel 1998) and DDSCAT (Draine & Flatau 1994). We consider clusters
of N = 4, 7, 8, 27,32, 49, 108 and 343 particles of radii either 10 nm or 50
nm, arranged in three different geometries: open fractal (dimension D = 1.77),
simple cubic and face-centred cubic. The rigorous solution shows that the
extinction of the fractal clusters, with N < 50 and particle radii 10 nm,
displays a peak within 2% of the location of the observed interstellar
extinction peak at ~4.6 inverse micron; the smaller the cluster, the closer its
peak gets to this value. By contrast, the peak in the extinction of the more
compact clusters lie more than 4% from 4.6 inverse micron. At short wavelengths
(0.1 - 0.5 micron), all the methods show that fractal clusters have markedly
different extinction from those of non-fractal clusters. At wavelengths > 5
micron, the rigorous solution indicates that the extinction from fractal and
compact clusters are of the same order of magnitude. It was only possible to
compute fully converged results of the rigorous solution for the smaller
clusters, due to computational limitations, however, we find that both
discrete-dipole approximation methods overestimate the computed extinction of
the smaller fractal clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179175 </DOCNO>
The coupling constants g_{\rho\pi\gamma} and g_{\omega\pi\gamma} as


  We employ QCD sum rules to calculate the coupling constants
g$_{\rho\pi\gamma}$ and g$_{\omega\pi\gamma}$ by studying the three point
${\rho\pi\gamma}$- and ${\omega\pi\gamma}$-correlation functions. Our results
for the decay widths $\Gamma(\rho^0\to \pi^0\gamma)$ and $\Gamma(\omega\to
\pi^0\gamma)$ calculated using the obtained coupling constants are in good
agreement with the experimental values of these decay widths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128073 </DOCNO>
Wide-field High-precision CCD Photometry of omega Centauri and Its RR


  We present wide-field and high-precision BV and Ca & Stromgren by photometry
of omega Centauri and its RR Lyrae stars, which represents one of the most
extensive photometric surveys to date for this cluster. The member stars of
omega Cen are well discriminated from foreground Galactic disk stars from the
different distributions in the hk [=(Ca-b)-(b-y)] vs. b-y diagram. The
color-magnitude diagrams show the presence of several distinct red-giant
branches with a red, metal-rich, sequence clearly separated from other bluer
metal-poor ones. Comparison with our population models suggests the most
metal-rich population is few billion years younger than the most metal-poor
population. From our new BV photometry and hk metallicity measurements for RR
Lyrae stars in omega Cen, we also confirm that the luminosity of RR Lyrae stars
depends on evolutionary status as well as metallicity. From the presence of
several distinct populations and the internal age-metallicity relation, we
conclude omega Cen was once part of a more massive system that merged with the
Milky Way, as the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy is in the process of doing now.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75348 </DOCNO>
D and rho Mesons: Who resolves whom?


  The DDrho form factor is evaluated in a QCD sum rule calculation for both D
and rho off-shell mesons. We study the double Borel sum rule for the three
point function of two pseudoscalar and one vector meson currents. We find that
the momentum dependence of the form factors is very different if the D or the
rho meson is off-shell, but they lead to the same coupling constant in the
DDrho vertex. We discuss two different approaches to extract the DDrho coupling
constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179621 </DOCNO>
Muon capture in hydrogen


  Theoretical difficulties in reconciling the measured rates for ordinary and
radiative muon capture are discussed, based on heavy-baryon chiral perturbation
theory. We also examine ambiguity in our analysis due to the formation of
p$\mu$p molecules in the liquid hydrogen target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126364 </DOCNO>
Double Bars, Inner Disks, and Nuclear Rings in Barred Galaxies


  We present results of a high-resolution imaging survey of barred S0--Sa
galaxies which demonstrate that the central regions of these galaxies are
surprisingly complex. We see many inner bars --- small, secondary bars
(typically less than a kiloparsec in radius) located inside of, and probably
rotating faster than, the large primary bars. These are present in about one
quarter to one third of all our sample. In contrast to some theoretical
expectations, they do not seem to enhance AGN activity significantly. A third
of barred S0's appear to host kiloparsec-scale disks within their bars; but the
frequency of such inner disks is much lower in our S0/a and Sa galaxies. In
addition, we find one example of a triple barred galaxy, and two cases of
purely stellar nuclear rings --- probably the fossil remnants of past
circumnuclear starbursts.
  We comment briefly on results from an ongoing analysis of known double-barred
systems, extending to Hubble types as late as Sbc, and discuss their
characteristic sizes and orientations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3230 </DOCNO>
Effect of quantum lattice fluctuations on the optical-absorption spectra


  The effect of quantum lattice fluctuations on the optical-absorption spectra
in the ground state of halogen-bridged mixed-valence transition-metal
linear-chain complexes is studied by using a one-dimensional extended
Peierls-Hubbard model. The nonadiabatic effects due to finite phonon frequency
$\omega_{\pi}>0$ are treated through an energy-dependent electron-phonon
scattering function $\delta(k^{\prime},k)$ introduced by means of an unitary
transformation. The calculated optical-absorption spectra do not have the
inverse-square-root singularity, but they have a peak above the gap edge and
there exists a significant tail below the peak, which are consistent with the
optical-absorption coefficient or the optical conductivity measurements of this
material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73027 </DOCNO>
Two-Pion Decay Widths of Excited Charm Mesons


  The widths for $\pi\pi$ decay of the L=1 charm mesons are calculated by
describing the pion coupling to light constituents quarks by the lowest order
chiral interaction. The wavefunctions of the charm mesons are obtained as
solutions to the covariant Blankenbecler-Sugar equation. These solutions
correspond to an interaction Hamiltonian modeled as the sum of a linear scalar
confining and a screened one-gluon exchange (OGE) interaction. This interaction
induces a two-quark contribution to the amplitude for two-pion decay, which is
found to interfere destructively with the single quark amplitude. For the
currently known L=1 $D$ mesons, the total $\pi\pi$ decay widths are found to be
$\sim 1$ MeV for the $D_1(2420)$ and $\sim 3$ MeV for the $D^*_2(2460)$ if the
axial coupling of the constituent quark is taken to be $g_A^q=1$. The as yet
undiscovered spin singlet $D_1^*$ state is predicted to have a larger width of
7 - 10 MeV for $\pi\pi$ decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128402 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum of Density Perturbations produced during Inflation to


  The standard calculation of the spectrum of density perturbations produced
during inflation assumes (i) |n-1| << 1 and (ii) |dn/dlnk| << |n-1|. Slow-roll
predicts and observations require (i), but neither slow-roll nor observations
require (ii). In this paper I derive formulae for the spectrum, spectral index,
and running of the spectral index, assuming only (i) and not (ii). I give a
large class of observationally viable examples in which these general slow-roll
formulae are accurate but the standard slow-roll formulae for the spectral
index and running are incorrect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5951 </DOCNO>
Design and Simulation of THz Quantum Cascade Lasers


  Strategies and concepts for the design of THz emitters based on the quantum
cascade scheme are analyzed and modeled in terms of a fully three-dimensional
Monte Carlo approach; this allows for a proper inclusion of both
carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon scattering mechanisms. Starting from the
simulation of previously published far-infrared emitters, where no population
inversion is achieved, two innovative designs are proposed. The first one
follows the well-established chirped-superlattice scheme whereas the second one
employs a double-quantum well superlattice to allow energy relaxation through
optical phonon emission. For both cases a significant population inversion is
predicted at temperatures up to 80 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127844 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter in Dwarf Spheroidals I: Models


  This paper introduces a new two-parameter family of dwarf spheroidal (dSph)
galaxy models. The density distribution has a Plummer profile and falls like
the inverse fourth power of distance in projection, in agreement with the
star-count data. The first free parameter controls the velocity anisotropy, the
second controls the dark matter content. The dark matter distribution can be
varied from one extreme of mass-follows-light through a near-isothermal halo
with flat rotation curve to the other extreme of an extended dark halo with
harmonic core. This family of models is explored analytically in some detail --
the distribution functions, the intrinsic moments and the projected moments are
all calculated. For the nearby Galactic dSphs, samples of hundreds of discrete
radial velocities are becoming available. A technique is developed to extract
the anisotropy and dark matter content from such data sets by maximising the
likelihood function of the sample of radial velocities. This is constructed
from the distribution function and corrected for observational errors and the
effects of binaries. Tests on simulated data sets show that samples of 1000
discrete radial velocities are ample to break the degeneracy between mass and
anisotropy in the nearby dSphs. Interesting constraints can already be placed
on the distribution of the dark matter with samples of 160 radial velocities
(the size of the present-day data set for Draco).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73527 </DOCNO>
On the metastability of the Standard Model vacuum


  If the Higgs mass m_H is as low as suggested by present experimental
information, the Standard Model ground state might not be absolutely stable. We
present a detailed analysis of the lower bounds on m_H imposed by the
requirement that the electroweak vacuum be sufficiently long-lived. We perform
a complete one-loop calculation of the tunnelling probability at zero
temperature, and we improve it by means of two-loop renormalization-group
equations. We find that, for m_H=115 GeV, the Higgs potential develops an
instability below the Planck scale for m_t>(166\pm 2) GeV, but the electroweak
vacuum is sufficiently long-lived for m_t < (175\pm 2) \GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76269 </DOCNO>
Does Dark Matter at the Center and in the Halo of the Galaxy Consist of


  After a discussion of the properties od degenerate fermion balls, we analize
the orbits of the star S0-1, which has the smallest projected distance to Sgr
A*, in the supermassive black hole as well as in the fermion ball scenarios of
the Galactic center. It is shown that both scenarios are consistent with the
data,as measured during the last six yiers by Genzel ae al. and Ghez et al.. We
then consider a self-gravitating ideal fermion gas at nonzero temperature as a
model for the Galactic halo. The Galactic halo of mass ~2 x 10^12 Msol enclosed
within a radius of ~200 kpc implies the existence of a supermassive compact
dark object at the Galactic center that is in hydrostatic and thermal
equilibrium with the halo. The central object has a maximal mass of ~2.3 x 10^6
Msol within a minimal radius of ~18 mpc for fermion masses ~15 keV. We thus
conclude that both the supermassive compact dark object and the halo could be
made of the same weakly interacting ~15 keV particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76311 </DOCNO>
Renormalization-group running of the cosmological constant and its


  The renormalization-group equation for the zero-point energies associated
with vacuum fluctuations of massive fields from the Standard Model is examined.
Our main observation is that at any scale the running is necessarily dominated
by the heaviest degrees of freedom, in clear contradistinction with the
Appelquist & Carazzone decoupling theorem. Such an enhanced running would
represent a disaster for cosmology, unless a fine-tuned relation among the
masses of heavy particles is imposed. In this way, we obtain $m_H \simeq 550
GeV$ for the Higgs mass, a value safely within the unitarity bound, but far
above the more stringent triviality bound for the case when the validity of the
Standard Model is pushed up to the grand unification (or Planck) scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3281 </DOCNO>
A model solid-state structural transformation: Tetragonal to


  We study equilibrium properties of a system of particles in two dimensions,
interacting with pair and three body potentials, which undergoes a structural
transition from a square to a rhombic lattice and thus constitutes a simple
model for a generic tetragonal to orthorhombic transition. We aim at an
intermediate level of description lying in-between that of coarse grained
elastic strain hamiltonians and microscopic ab~-initio approaches. Macroscopic
thermodynamic properties and phase diagram at zero and finite temperatures as a
function of the density and the relative strengths of the pair and three body
energies are obtained using lattice sums, an approximate `cell-model' theory
and molecular dynamics simulations in the NVT ensemble. We propose that this
model solid can be used as a test bed for studies of statics and dynamics of
structural transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128274 </DOCNO>
X-ray Detection of Pulsar PSR B1757-24 and its Nebular Tail


  We report the first X-ray detection of the radio pulsar PSR B1757-24 using
the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We detect point-source emission at the pulsar
position plus a faint tail extending nearly 20" east of the pulsar, in the same
direction and with comparable morphology to the radio tail. Assuming the
point-source X-ray emission is magnetospheric, the observed X-ray tail
represents only ~0.01% of the pulsar's spin-down luminosity. This is
significantly lower than the analogous efficiencies of most known X-ray nebulae
surrounding rotation-powered pulsars. Assuming a non-thermal spectrum for the
tail photons, we show that the tail is unlikely to be emission left behind
following the passage of the pulsar, but rather is probably from
synchrotron-emitting pulsar wind particles having flow velocity ~7000 km/s. We
also show that there must be a significant break in the tail synchrotron
spectrum between the radio and X-ray bands that is intrinsic to the particle
spectrum. No emission is detected from the shell supernova remnant G5.4-1.2.
The upper limits on remnant emission are unconstraining.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126322 </DOCNO>
A photometricity and extinction monitor at the Apache Point Observatory


  An unsupervised software ``robot'' that automatically and robustly reduces
and analyzes CCD observations of photometric standard stars is described. The
robot measures extinction coefficients and other photometric parameters in real
time and, more carefully, on the next day. It also reduces and analyzes data
from an all-sky $10 \mu m$ camera to detect clouds; photometric data taken
during cloudy periods are automatically rejected. The robot reports its
findings back to observers and data analysts via the World-Wide Web. It can be
used to assess photometricity, and to build data on site conditions. The
robot's automated and uniform site monitoring represents a minimum standard for
any observing site with queue scheduling, a public data archive, or likely
participation in any future National Virtual Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113526 </DOCNO>
Electron mobility maximum in dense argon gas at low temperature


  We report measurements of excess electron mobility in dense Argon gas at the
two temperatures $T=152.15$ and 162.30 K, fairly close to the critical one
($T_c =150.7$ K), as a function of the gas density $N$ up to 14
atoms$\cdot$nm$^{-3}$ ($N_{c}=8.08$ atoms$\cdot$nm$^{-3}$). For the first time
a maximum of the zero-field density-normalized mobility $\mu_{0}N$ has been
observed at the same density where it was detected in liquid Argon under
saturated vapor pressure conditions. The existence of the $\mu_{0}N$ maximum in
the liquid is commonly attributed to electrons scattering off long-wavelength
collective modes of the fluid, while for the low-density gas a density-modified
kinetic model is valid. The presence of the $\mu_{0}N$ maximum also in the gas
phase raises therefore the question whether the single scattering picture valid
in the gas is valid even at liquid densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124452 </DOCNO>
On the nature of the hard X-ray source 4U2206+54


  The recent discovery of a ~9.5-d period in the X-ray lightcurve of the
massive X-ray binary 4U2206+54 has opened the possibility that it is a Be/X-ray
binary with an unusually close orbit, which, together with its low intrinsic
luminosity, suggests that the system is actually a Be + WD binary, in which a
white dwarf accretes material from the dense circumstellar disc surrounding a
classical Be star. In this paper we present new X-ray observations and for the
first time high-resolution optical spectroscopy of the source. We show that
both the X-ray behaviour and the characteristics of the optical counterpart, BD
+53 2790, are more consistent with a neutron star accreting from the wind of an
early-type star. The X-ray lightcurve shows irregular flaring and no
indications of pulsations, while the very high hydrogen column density supports
accretion from a dense wind. BD +53 2790 is shown not to be a classical Be
star, as believed until now, but rather a very peculiar late O-type active
star, exhibiting emission components in the HeII lines, complex spectral
variability and strong wind resonance lines in the ultraviolet. Though many of
the characteristics of the spectrum resemble those of the He-rich stars, the
absence of HeI variability makes a connection unlikely. The spectrum is
compatible with a composite of two stars of similar spectral type, though
circumstantial evidence points to a single very peculiar active early-type
star. This adds weight to the growing evidence that the traditional
subdivisions of supergiant and Be/X-ray binaries fail to cover the whole
phenomenology of massive X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98499 </DOCNO>
Counting Locally Symmetric Manifolds


  We give quantitive estimates for the number of locally symmetric spaces of a
given type with bounded volume.
  Explicitly, let S be a symmetric space of non-compact type without Euclidean
de Rham factors. Then, after rescaling appropriately the Riemannian metric, the
following hold.
  THEOREM A: If rank(S)=1 and S is not H^2, H^3, then there are at most V^V
Riemannian manifolds, locally isometric to S, with total volume <=V.
  THEOREM B: If rank(S)>1 and S is not H^2xH^2, then there are at most V^V
regular Riemannian manifolds, locally isometric to S, with volume <= V.
  THEOREM C: If S=(H^2)^a x (H^3)^b where (a,b) is not (1,0),(0,1),(2,0), then
V^V bounds the number of all irreducible S-manifolds with volume <=V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128854 </DOCNO>
SNR G292.2-0.5: A Radio Supernova Remnant Associated with the Young


  We report on Australia Telescope Compact Array observations in the direction
of the young high-magnetic-field radio pulsar PSR J1119-6127. In the resulting
images we identify a non-thermal radio shell of diameter 15 arcminutes, which
we classify as a previously uncataloged young supernova remnant (SNR),
G292.2-0.5. This SNR is positionally coincident with PSR J1119-6127, and we
conclude that the two objects are physically associated. No radio emission is
detected from any pulsar wind nebula (PWN) associated with the pulsar; our
observed upper limits are consistent with the expectation that
high-magnetic-field pulsars produce radio nebulae which fade rapidly. This
system suggests a possible explanation for the lack of associated radio pulsars
and/or PWNe in many SNRs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128845 </DOCNO>
A change in the outburst recurrence time of the Rapid Burster


  An apparent sudden change in the outburst recurrence time displayed by the
Rapid Burster occurred around the end of 1999. The time between consecutive
outbursts shrinked from ~200 to ~100 days somewhere between November 1999 and
March 2000. In parallel, the average peak intensity also decreased of a factor
about 2 in all outbursts occurred after November 1999 with respect to those
occurred before this date. I discuss these results by comparing them with
similar cases of changes in the recurrence time of other transient X-ray
binaries and with the behaviour of Dwarf Novae. A viable explanation is
connected with changes in the value of the quiescence mass transfer rate from
the secondary, although the detailed origin of these changes remains at best
speculative. Further, this result has important implications for programming
time-constrained observations of the Rapid Burster both in outburst and in
quiescence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123535 </DOCNO>
A Monte Carlo Code to Investigate Stellar Collisions in Dense Galactic


  Stellar collisions have long been envisioned to be of great importance in the
center of galaxies where densities of 1e6 stars per cubic pc or higher are
attained. Not only can they play a unique dynamical role by modifying stellar
masses and orbits, but high velocity disruptive encounters occurring in the
vicinity of a massive black hole can also be an occasional source of fuel for
the starved central engine. In the past few years, we have been building a
comprehensive table of SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) collision
simulations for main sequence stars. This database is now integrated as a
module into our Henon-like Monte Carlo code. The combination of SPH collision
simulations with a Monte Carlo cluster evolution code seems ideally suited to
study the frequency, characteristics and effects of stellar collisions during
the long term evolution of galactic nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5177 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic fluctuations in the Kolmogorov flow: Nonlinear regime


  In a previous paper [I. Bena, M. Malek Mansour, and F. Baras, ``Hydrodynamic
fluctuations in the Kolmogorov flow: Linear regime", Phys. Rev. E 59, 5503 -
5510 (1999)] the statistical properties of the linearized Kolmogorov flow have
been studied, using the formalism of fluctuating hydrodynamics. In this paper
the nonlinear regime is considered, with emphasis on the statistical properties
of the flow near the first instability. The normal form amplitude equation is
derived for the case of an incompressible fluid and the velocity field is
constructed explicitly above (but closed to) the instability. The relative
simplicity of this flow allows one to analyze the compressible case as well.
Using a perturbative technique, it is shown that close to the instability
threshold the stochastic dynamics of the system is governed by two coupled non
linear Langevin equations in the Fourier space. The solution of these equations
can becast into the exponential of a Landau Ginzburg functional, which proves
to be identical to the one obtained for the case of the incompressible fluid.
The theoretical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations of the
nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamic equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5598 </DOCNO>
Slow relaxation, confinement, and solitons


  Millisecond crystal relaxation has been used to explain anomalous decay in
doped alkali halides. We attribute this slowness to Fermi-Pasta-Ulam solitons.
Our model exhibits confinement of mechanical energy released by excitation.
Extending the model to long times is justified by its relation to solitons,
excitations previously proposed to occur in alkali halides. Soliton damping and
observation are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3218 </DOCNO>
What do we know about wave function nodes?


  Although quantum Monte Carlo is, in principal, an exact method for solving
the Schroedinger equation, it is well-known that systems of Fermions still pose
a challenge. Thus far all solutions to the "sign problem" remain inefficient
(or wrong). The fixed-node approach, however, is efficient, and in many
situations remains the best approach. If only we could find the exact nodes, or
at least a systematic way to improve the nodes, we would, in effect, bypass the
sign problem. Unfortunately, very little is known about wave function nodes,
and a systematic study has never been attempted, despite the obvious
consequences for improving quantum simulations that such knowledge might
generate. In this paper we study the nodal surfaces of simple atomic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86383 </DOCNO>
Partial Averaging and Resonance Trapping in a Restricted Three-Body


  Based on the value of the orbital eccentricity of a particle and also its
proximity to the exact resonant orbit in a three-body system, the Pendulum
Approximation (Dermott & Murray 1983) or the Second Fundamental Model of
Resonance (Andoyer 1903; Henrard & Lemaitre 1983) are commonly used to study
the motion of that particle near its resonance state. In this paper, we present
the method of partial averaging as an analytical approach to study the
dynamical evolution of a body near a resonance. To focus attention on the
capabilities of this technique, a restricted, circular and planar three-body
system is considered and the dynamics of its outer planet while captured in a
resonance with the inner body is studied. It is shown that the first-order
partially averaged system resembles a mathematical pendulum whose librational
motion can be viewed as a geometrical interpretation of the resonance capture
phenomenon. The driving force of this pendulum corresponds to the gravitational
attraction of the inner body and its contribution, at different resonant
states, is shown to be proportional to e^s, where s is the order of the
resonance and e is the orbital eccentricity of the outer planet. As examples of
such systems, the cases of (1:1), (1:2) and (1:3) resonances are discussed and
the results are compared with known planetary systems such as the
Sun-Jupiter-Trojan asteroids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123947 </DOCNO>
Supernovae in Molecular Clouds


  Supernovae are expected to occur near the molecular material in which the
massive progenitor star was born, except in cases where the photoionizing
radiation and winds from the progenitor star and its neighbors have cleared out
a region. The clumpy structure in molecular clouds is crucial for the remnant
evolution; the supernova shock front can become radiative in the interclump
medium and the radiative shell then collides with molecular clumps. The
interaction is relevant to a number of phenomena: the hydrodynamics of a
magnetically supported dense shell interacting with molecular clumps; the
molecular emission from shock waves, including the production of the OH 1720
MHz maser line; the relativistic particle emission, including radio synchrotron
and gamma-ray emission, from the dense radiative shell; and the possible
gravitational instability of a compressed clump.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97777 </DOCNO>
Vertex operators for quantum groups and application to integrable


  Starting with any R-matrix with spectral parameter, obeying the Yang-Baxter
equation and a unitarity condition, we construct the corresponding infinite
dimensional quantum group $U_{R}$ in term of a deformed oscillators algebra
$A_R$. The realization we present is an infinite series, very similar to a
vertex operator.
  Then, considering the integrable hierarchy naturally associated to $A_{R}$,
we show that $U_{R}$ provides its integrals of motion. The construction can be
applied to any infinite dimensional quantum group, e.g. Yangians or elliptic
quantum groups.
  Taking as an example the R-matrix of Y(N), the Yangian based on gl(N), we
recover by this construction the nonlinear Schrodinger equation and its Y(N)
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99171 </DOCNO>
Well-posedness for the linearized motion of the free surface of a


  We study the problem of the motion of the free surface of a compressible
fluid. We prove existence for the linearized equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4865 </DOCNO>
Localized electron state in a T-shaped confinement potential


  We consider a simple model of an electron moving in a T-shaped confinement
potential. This model allows for an analytical solution that explicitly
demonstrates the existence of laterally bound electron states in quantum wires
obtained by the cleaved edge overgrowth technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96057 </DOCNO>
Moduli spaces of surfaces and real structures


  We give infinite series of groups $\Gamma$ and of compact complex surfaces of
general type $S$ with fundamental group $\Gamma$ such that
  1) any surface $S'$ with the same Euler number as $S$, and fundamental group
$\Gamma$, is diffeomorphic to $S$
  2) the moduli space of $S$ consists of exactly two connected components,
exchanged by complex conjugation.
  Whence, i) on the one hand we give simple counter-examples to the DEF = DIFF
question whether deformation type and diffeomorphism type coincide for
algebraic surfaces ii) on the other hand we get examples of moduli spaces
without real points. iii) Another interesting corollary is the existence of
complex surfaces $S$ whose fundamental group $\Gamma$ cannot be the fundamental
group of a real surface. Our surfaces are surfaces isogenous to a product,
i.e., they are quotients $(C_1 \times C_2)/ G $ of a product of curves by the
free action of a finite group $G$. They resemble the classical hyperelliptic
surfaces, in that $G$ operates freely on $C_1$, while the second curve is a
$\Bbb triangle curve$, meaning that $C_2 / G \equiv \PP ^1$ and the covering is
branched in exactly three points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113663 </DOCNO>
DNA Segmentation as A Model Selection Process


  Previous divide-and-conquer segmentation analyses of DNA sequences do not
provide a satisfactory stopping criterion for the recursion. This paper
proposes that segmentation be considered as a model selection process. Using
the tools in model selection, a limit for the stopping criterion on the relaxed
end can be determined. The Bayesian information criterion, in particular,
provides a much more stringent stopping criterion than what is currently used.
Such a stringent criterion can be used to delineate larger DNA domains. A
relationship between the stopping criterion and the average domain size is
empirically determined, which may aid in the determination of isochore borders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129020 </DOCNO>
The Intriguing Plerionic Supernova Remnant: G21.5-0.9


  G21.5-0.9 is a plerionic supernova remnant (SNR) whose properties hint at the
presence of a pulsar -- yet no pulsations have been found at any wavelength.
Early observations with Chandra led to the discovery of an extended component,
making the SNR at least twice as big as originally thought. Our analysis
indicates that this low-surface brightness extended component is non-thermal.
We perform a spatially resolved spectroscopy using a 72 ksec exposure with
ACIS-S, and find no evidence of line emission. The 5-arcminute diameter remnant
is well fitted with a power law with a photon index steepening from 1.5
(central core) to 2.7 (extended component) and a column density N_H=2.2 10^22
cm^-2. Using a 76 ksec exposure with the HRC, we derive an upper limit of 16%
on the pulsed fraction from a putative pulsar. We also infer the parameters of
the `hidden pulsar' in G21.5-0.9 in comparison with the Crab and 3C 58 pulsars.
This remnant remains unique and intriguing since it is, to date, the only
candidate whose size is bigger in X-rays than in the radio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97555 </DOCNO>
Action of Coxeter groups on m-harmonic polynomials and KZ equations


  The Matsuo-Cherednik correspondence is an isomorphism from solutions of
Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations to eigenfunctions of generalized
Calogero-Moser systems associated to Coxeter groups G and a multiplicity
function m on their root systems.
 We apply this correspondence to the most degenerate case of zero spectral
parameters. The space of eigenfunctions is then the space H_m of m-harmonic
polynomials, recently introduced in math-ph/0105014. We compute the Poincare'
polynomials for the space H_m and of its isotypical components corresponding to
each irreducible representation of the group G. We also give an explicit
formula for m-harmonic polynomials of lowest positive degree in the S_n case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125102 </DOCNO>
Direct Detection of Galactic Halo Dark Matter


  The Milky Way Galaxy contains a large, spherical component which is believed
to harbor a substantial amount of unseen matter. Recent observations indirectly
suggest that as much as half of this ``dark matter'' may be in the form of old,
very cool white dwarfs, the remnants of an ancient population of stars as old
as the Galaxy itself. We conducted a survey to find faint, cool white dwarfs
with large space velocities, indicative of their membership in the Galaxy's
spherical halo component. The survey reveals a substantial, directly observed
population of old white dwarfs, too faint to be seen in previous surveys. This
newly discovered population accounts for at least 2% of the halo dark matter.
It provides a natural explanation for the indirect observations, and represents
a direct detection of Galactic halo dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74493 </DOCNO>
Radiative effects in scattering of polarized leptons by polarized


  Recent developments in the field of radiative effects in polarized
lepton-nuclear scattering are reviewed. The processes of inclusive,
semi-inclusive, diffractive and elastic scattering are considered. The explicit
formulae obtained within the covariant approach are discussed. FORTRAN codes
POLRAD, RADGEN, HAPRAD, DIFFRAD and MASCARAD created on the basis of the
formulae are briefly described. Applications for data analysis of the current
experiments on lepton-nuclear scattering at CERN, DESY, SLAC and TJNAF are
illustrated by numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128084 </DOCNO>
Environmental Effects in Galaxies: The Data


  We present optical and millimetric data for 47 intermediate Hubble type
spiral galaxies located either in dense environments or in the field. We
compare correlations between global parameters, such as far-infrared
luminosity, blue luminosity, and total molecular gas content, with other
samples of galaxies, including normal galaxies, clusters and ultraluminous
infrared galaxies. We find that overall our sample is a well defined subset of
these other samples of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5199 </DOCNO>
Ultraslow dynamics and stress relaxation in the aging of a soft glassy


  We use linear rheology and multispeckle dynamic light scattering (MDLS) to
investigate the aging of a gel composed of multilamellar vesicles. Light
scattering data indicate rearrangement of the gel through an unusual ultraslow
ballistic motion. A dramatic slowdown of the dynamics with sample age $t_{w}$
is observed for both rheology and MDLS, the characteristic relaxation time
scaling as $t_{w}^{\mu}$. We find the same aging exponent $\mu =0.78$ for both
techniques, suggesting that they probe similar physical processes, that is the
relaxation of applied or internal stresses for rheology or MDLS, respectively.
A simple phenomenological model is developed to account for the observed
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81041 </DOCNO>
Pythagoras' Theorem on a 2D-Lattice from a "Natural" Dirac Operator and


  One of the key ingredients of A. Connes' noncommutative geometry is a
generalized Dirac operator which induces a metric(Connes' distance) on the
state space. We generalize such a Dirac operator devised by A. Dimakis et al,
whose Connes' distance recovers the linear distance on a 1D lattice, into 2D
lattice. This Dirac operator being "naturally" defined has the so-called "local
eigenvalue property" and induces Euclidean distance on this 2D lattice. This
kind of Dirac operator can be generalized into any higher dimensional lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96117 </DOCNO>
SU(1,1) Random Polynomials


  We study statistical properties of zeros of random polynomials and random
analytic functions associated with the pseudoeuclidean group of symmetries
SU(1,1), by utilizing both analytical and numerical techniques. We first show
that zeros of the SU(1,1) random polynomial of degree $N$ are concentrated in a
narrow annulus of the order of $N^{-1}$ around the unit circle on the complex
plane, and we find an explicit formula for the scaled density of the zeros
distribution along the radius in the limit $N\to\infty$.
  Our results are supported through various numerical simulations. We then
extend results of Hannay \cite{H} and Bleher, Shiffman, Zelditch \cite{BSZ2} to
derive different formulae for correlations between zeros of the SU(1,1) random
analytic functions, by applying the generalized Kac-Rice formula. We express
the correlation functions in terms of some Gaussian integrals, which can be
evaluated combinatorially as a finite sum over Feynman diagrams or as a
supersymmetric integral. Due to the SU(1,1) symmetry, the correlation functions
depend only on the hyperbolic distances between the points on the unit disk,
and we obtain an explicit formula for the two point correlation function. It
displays quadratic repulsion at small distances and fast decay of correlations
at infinity. In an appendix to the paper we evaluate correlations between the
outer zeros $|z_j|>1$ of the SU(1,1) random polynomial, and we prove that the
inner and outer zeros are independent in the limit when the degree of the
polynomial goes to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6531 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a Local Algorithm for Simulating Coulomb Interactions


  Charged systems interacting via Coulomb forces can be efficiently simulated
by introducing a local, diffusing degree of freedom for the electric field.
This paper formulates the continuum electrodynamic equations corresponding to
the algorithm and studies the spectrum of fluctuations when these equations are
coupled to mobile charges. I compare the calculations with simulations of a
charged lattice gas, and study the dynamics of charge and density fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4346 </DOCNO>
Quantum entanglement in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates


  We propose a scheme to generate and detect various kinds of quantum
entanglement in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate. It is shown that substantial
many-particle entanglement can be generated directly in the spin-1 condensate
by free dynamical evolution with a properly prepared initial state. The scheme
also provides a simple method to generate three-mode entanglement in the
second-quantization picture and to detect the continuous variable type of
entanglement between two effective modes in the spin-1 condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76626 </DOCNO>
Pure Phase Mass Matrices from Six Dimensions


  A model of quark masses and mixing angles is constructed within the framework
of two large extra compact dimensions. A ``democratic'' pure phase mass matrix
arises in a rather interesting way. This type of mass matrix has often been
used as a phenomenologically viable ansatz, albeit one which had very little
dynamical justification. It turns out that the idea of Large Extra Dimensions
provides a fresh look at this interesting phenomenological ansatz as presented
in this paper. Some possible interesting connections to the strong CP problem
will also be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2847 </DOCNO>
In-plane Hall effect in c-axis-oriented MgB2 thin films


  We have measured the longitudinal resistivity and the Hall resistivity in the
ab-plane of highly c-axis-oriented MgB2 thin films. In the normal state, the
Hall coefficient (R_H) behaves as R_H ~ T with increasing temperature (T) up to
130 K and then deviates from that linear T-dependence at higher temperatures.
The T^2 dependence of the cotangent of the Hall angle is only observed above
130 K. The mixed-state Hall effect reveals no sign anomaly over a wide range of
current densities from 10^2 to 10^4 A/cm^2 and for magnetic fields up to 5 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72495 </DOCNO>
Radial and elliptic flow at RHIC: further predictions


  Using a hydrodynamic model, we predict the transverse momentum dependence of
the spectra and the elliptic flow for different hadrons in Au+Au collisions at
sqrt(s) = 130 A GeV. The dependence of the differential and p_t-integrated
elliptic flow on the hadron mass, equation of state and freeze-out temperature
is studied both numerically and analytically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125375 </DOCNO>
System parameters of the long-period polar V1309 Ori


  Based on high-resolution optical spectroscopy in the blue and the near
infra-red spectral range, we derived velocity images (Doppler tomograms) of the
mass-donating secondary star and the accretion stream of the long-period
eclipsing polar V1309 Ori (RX J0515.41+0104.6). Combined with HST-spectroscopy
of high time resolution and optical photometry we were able to derive the main
system parameters and to determine the accretion geometry of the binary. The
length of the eclipse of the white dwarf is Delta t_{ecl} = 2418 +/- 60 s, the
mass ratio Q = 1.37 - 1.63, and the orbital inclination i=76.6 - 78.9 degrees.
The surface of the secondary star could be resolved in the Doppler image of NaI
absorption lines, where it shows a marked depletion on the X-ray irradiated
side. The accretion geometry proposed by us with a nearly aligned rotator,
co-latitude delta ~ 10 degrees, tilted away from the ballistic stream, azimuth
chi ~ -35 degrees, explains the shape of the emission-line Doppler tomograms
and the shape of optical/UV eclipse light curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150139 </DOCNO>
Stability of two-fermion bound states in the explicitly covariant


  The covariant light-front equations have been solved exactly for a two
fermion system with different boson exchange ladder kernels. We present a
method to study the cutoff dependence of these equations and to determine
whether they need to be regularized or not. Results are presented for scalar
and pseudo-scalar exchange. This latter furthermore exhibits some strange
particularities which will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81311 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity and Chiral Symmetry Breaking with Fermion Clusters


  Cluster variables have recently revolutionized numerical work in certain
models involving fermionic variables. This novel representation of fermionic
partition functions is continuing to find new applications. After describing
results from a study of a two dimensional Hubbard type model that confirm a
superconducting transition in the Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class, we
show how a cluster type algorithm can be devised to study the chiral limit of
strongly coupled lattice gauge theories with staggered fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96604 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Mechanics of Continuous Media


  In this work we study the relativistic mechanics of continuous media on a
fundamental level using a manifestly covariant proper time procedure. We
formulate equations of motion and continuity (and constitutive equations) that
are the starting point for any calculations regarding continuous media. In the
force free limit, the standard relativistic equations are regained, so that
these equations can be regarded as a generalization of the standard procedure.
In the case of an inviscid fluid we derive an analogue of the Bernoulli
equations. For irrotational flow we prove that the velocity field can be
derived from a potential. If, in addition, the fluid is incompressible, the
potential must obey the d'Alembert equation, and thus the problem is reduced to
solving the d'Alembert equation with specific boundary conditions (in both
space and time). The solutions indicate the existence of light velocity sound
waves in an incompressible fluid (a result known from previous literature
[19]). Relaxing the constraints and allowing the fluid to become linearly
compressible, one can derive a wave equation from which the sound velosity can
again be computed. For a stationary background flow, it has been demonstrated
that the sound velocity attains its corrrect values for the incompressible and
non-relatvistic limits. Finally, viscosity is introduced, bulk and shear
viscosity constants are defined, and we formulate equations for the motion of a
viscous fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127996 </DOCNO>
Energy generation in stars


  It is a current opinion that thermonuclear fusion is the main source of the
star activity. It is shown below that this source is not unique. There is
another electrostatic mechanism of the energy generation which accompanies
thermonuclear fusion. Probably, this approach can solve the solar neutrino
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113957 </DOCNO>
Dynamical symmetries and harmonic generation


  We discuss harmonic generation in the case of laser field-dressed
Hamiltonians that are invariant under so-called dynamical symmetry operations.
Examples for such systems are molecules which exhibit a discrete rotational
symmetry of order
 N (e.g. benzene with N=6) interacting with a circularly polarized laser field
and single atoms in a bichromatic field, with the two lasers having circular
polarizations. Within a general group theory approach we study the harmonics
one obtains from the interaction of a laser pulse and a circular molecule. When
the system is in a pure field-dressed state the known selection rule kN \pm 1,
k=1,2,3, ... results. However, other lines are observed when recombinations
with states of a symmetry different from the initial one become important. This
is the case for realistic laser pulses (i.e., with a finite duration). In
particular when the fundamental laser frequency (or one of its multiples) is
resonant with a transition between field-dressed states. Numerical ab initio
simulations, confirming our analytical calculations and illustrating the power
of the group theory approach, are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83880 </DOCNO>
Telecommunications and rural economies: Findings from the Appalachian


  This research investigates the relationship between telecommunications
infrastructure, economic conditions, and federal and state policies and
initiatives. It presents a detailed look at the telecommunications environment
of the Appalachian region, particularly focusing on broadband technologies. A
strong, positive association exists between telecommunications infrastructure
and economic status. The effects of federal and state universal service
policies are examined, as well as some of the ways states have leveraged their
own infrastructure to improve telecommunications capabilities in their region.
Other state and local telecommunications-related programs are noted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5768 </DOCNO>
Structure of quantum disordered wave functions: weak localization, far


  We report on the comprehensive numerical study of the fluctuation and
correlation properties of wave functions in three-dimensional mesoscopic
diffusive conductors. Several large sets of nanoscale samples with finite
metallic conductance, modeled by an Anderson model with different strengths of
diagonal box disorder, have been generated in order to investigate both small
and large deviations (as well as the connection between them) of the
distribution function of eigenstate amplitudes from the universal prediction of
random matrix theory. We find that small, weak localization-type, deviations
contain both diffusive contributions (determined by the bulk and boundary
conditions dependent terms) and ballistic ones which are generated by electron
dynamics below the length scale set by the mean free path $\ell$. By relating
the extracted parameters of the functional form of nonperturbative deviations
(``far tails'') to the exactly calculated transport properties of mesoscopic
conductors, we compare our findings based on the full solution of the
Schr\"odinger equation to different approximative analytical treatments. We
find that statistics in the far tail can be explained by the exp-log-cube
asymptotics (convincingly refuting the log-normal alternative), but with
parameters whose dependence on $\ell$ is linear and, therefore, expected to be
dominated by ballistic effects. It is demonstrated that both small deviations
and far tails depend explicitly on the sample size--the remaining puzzle then
is the evolution of the far tail parameters with the size of the conductor
since short-scale physics is supposedly insensitive to the sample boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97809 </DOCNO>
On bounded and unbounded idempotents whose sum is a multiple of the


  We study bounded and unbounded representations of the $*$-algebra
$Q_{n,\lambda}(*)$ generated by $n$ idempotents whose sum equals $\lambda e$
($\lambda\in{\mathbb C}$, $e$ is the identity).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179601 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of 10Be in the basis of the leading representation of the SU(3)


  A realization of the approximation of the SU(3) leading representation with
the microscopic Hamiltonian and a nucleon-nucleon interaction is presented in
detail. An effective Hamiltonian reproducing results of calculations with some
known potentials is constructed. It is shown that its structure is quite
similar to that of the triaxial rotator, and the wave functions in the
Elliott's scheme are linear combinations of Wigner's D-functions although they
should be properly normalized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128266 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Calculations of Merging Neutron Stars I: Model


  We present the results of 3D, high-resolution calculations of neutron star
mergers. Using Newtonian gravity, but adding the forces from the emission of
gravitational waves, we solve the hydrodynamics equations using the smoothed
particle hydrodynamics method. The microscopic properties of the neutron star
matter are described in terms of a new nuclear equation of state (EOS) based on
the tables of Shen et al. (1998). The effects of neutrino emission of all
flavours are accounted for. The new EOS is noticeably stiffer than the
Lattimer-Swesty-EOS used in previous investigations. We find in general
somewhat lower temperatures than previous investigations. This allows a
substantial fraction of heavy nuclei to be present even in the inner parts of
the torus that forms around the central object and yields important
contributions to the neutrino opacity. The central object shows a rapid
differential rotation with periods of $\sim$ 2ms, which we suspect to stabilize
the central object on (at least) the simulation time scale against
gravitational collapse. The differential rotation could wind up initial
magnetic fields to $\sim 10^17$ G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148862 </DOCNO>
Page charge of D-branes and its behavior in topologically nontrivial


  The RR Page charges for the D(2p+1)-branes with B-field in type IIB
supergravity are constructed consistently from brane source currents. The
resulting Page charges are B-independent in the nontrivial and intricate way.
It is found that in topologically trivial B-field the Page charge is conserved,
but in the topologically nontrivial B-field it is no longer to be conserved,
instead there is a jump between two Page charges defined in each patch, and we
interpret this jump as Hanany-Witten effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98636 </DOCNO>
Node polynomials for families: results and examples


  We continue the development of methods for enumerating nodal curves on smooth
complex surfaces, stressing the range of validity. We illustrate the new
methods in three important examples. First, for up to eight nodes, we confirm
G\"ottsche's conjecture about plane curves of low degree. Second, we justify
Vainsencher's enumeration of irreducible six-nodal plane curves on a general
quintic threefold in four-space. Third, we supplement Bryan and Leung's
enumeration of nodal curves in a given homology class on an Abelian surface of
Picard number one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2209 </DOCNO>
Pedestrian Solution of the Two-Dimensional Ising Model


  The partition function of the two-dimensional Ising model with zero magnetic
field on a square lattice with m x n sites wrapped on a torus is computed
within the transfer matrix formalism in an explicit step-by-step approach
inspired by Kaufman's work. However, working with two commuting representations
of the complex rotation group SO(2n,C) helps us avoid a number of unnecessary
complications. We find all eigenvalues of the transfer matrix and therefore the
partition function in a straightforward way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3768 </DOCNO>
The Web of Human Sexual Contacts


  Many ``real-world'' networks are clearly defined while most ``social''
networks are to some extent subjective. Indeed, the accuracy of
empirically-determined social networks is a question of some concern because
individuals may have distinct perceptions of what constitutes a social link.
One unambiguous type of connection is sexual contact. Here we analyze data on
the sexual behavior of a random sample of individuals, and find that the
cumulative distributions of the number of sexual partners during the twelve
months prior to the survey decays as a power law with similar exponents $\alpha
\approx 2.4$ for females and males. The scale-free nature of the web of human
sexual contacts suggests that strategic interventions aimed at preventing the
spread of sexually-transmitted diseases may be the most efficient approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149843 </DOCNO>
On Low-Energy Effective Action of Noncommutative Hypermultiplet Model


  We consider the noncommutative hypermultiplet model within harmonic
superspace approach. The 1-loop four-point contributions to the effective
action of selfinteracting q-hypermultiplet are computed. This model has two
coupling constants instead of a single one in commutative case. It is shown
that both these coupling constants are generated by 1-loop quantum corrections
in the model of q-hypermultiplet interacting with vector multiplet. The
holomorphic effective action of q-hypermultiplet in external gauge superfield
is calculated. For the fundamental representation there is no UV/IR-mixing and
the holomorphic potential is a star-product generalization of a standard
commutative one. For the adjoint representation of U(N) gauge group the leading
contributions to the holomorphic effective action are given by the terms
respecting for the UV/IR-mixing which are related to U(1) phase of U(N) group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124329 </DOCNO>
The far-infrared--submm spectral energy distribution of high-redshift


  We combine submm photometric data of z>4 quasars, to obtain a mean
far-infrared (FIR) (rest-frame) spectral energy distribution (SED) of thermal
emission from dust, parameterised by a single temperature (T) and power-law
emissivity index (beta). Best-fit values are T=41+/-5K, beta=1.95+/-0.3. The
redshift spread of this set of quasars is exploited to allow us to sample the
SED at a greater number of rest wavelengths than is possible for a single
object. This parameterisation is of use to any study that extrapolates from a
flux at a single submm wavelength, for example to infer dust masses and FIR
luminosities. We then interpret the submm component as arising from dust heated
by star-formation in the quasar's host galaxy, and investigate a simple scheme
of AGN--host coevolution, in which the timescale for formation of the host
galaxy is c.0.5-1.0Gyr, with star formation proceeding at a constant rate
c.1000Msol/yr. The luminous quasar phase occurs towards the end of the
star-forming period, just before the galaxy's reservoir of cold gas is
depleted. Given the youth of the Universe at z=4 (1.6Gyr), the coexistence of a
massive black hole and a luminous starburst can be a powerful constraint on
models of quasar host-galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75212 </DOCNO>
Multiple parton radiation in hadroproduction at lepton-hadron colliders


  I discuss the impact of the the coherent parton radiation on semi-inclusive
production of hadrons in deep inelastic scattering at lepton-proton colliders.
Such radiation can be consistently described in the $b$-space resummation
formalism, which was originally developed to improve theoretical description of
production of hadrons at $e^+e^-$ colliders and electroweak vector bosons at
hadron-hadron colliders. I present the detailed derivation of the resummed
cross section and the energy flow at the next-to-leading order of perturbative
QCD. The theoretical results are compared to the experimental data measured at
the $ep$ collider HERA. I argue that semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
(SIDIS) at lepton-hadron colliders offers exceptional opportunities to study
coherent parton radiation, which are not available yet at colliders of other
types.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83601 </DOCNO>
On the NP-completeness of Finding an Optimal Strategy in Games with


  Consider a very simple class of (finite) games: after an initial move by
nature, each player makes one move. Moreover, the players have common
interests: at each node, all the players get the same payoff. We show that the
problem of determining whether there exists a joint strategy where each player
has an expected payoff of at least r is NP-complete as a function of the number
of nodes in the extensive-form representation of the game.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126762 </DOCNO>
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the CfA Seyfert 2s: Near-infrared


  We present near-infrared J and H surface photometry of 24 of the nearby
Seyfert 1.8, 1.9 and 2 galaxies from the CfA Seyfert sample. The excellent
angular resolution of HST probes spatial scales as small as tens of parsecs in
most of these AGN and is sensitive to the presence of nuclear bars and other
potential signatures of the AGN fueling process that channels host galaxy gas
and dust to the nuclear region. We have used elliptical isophote techniques to
search for nuclear bars in all of these galaxies and have employed a
two-dimensional fitting technique to model the nuclear point source and surface
brightness distribution of a bright subsample of these galaxies in an attempt
to alleviate the impact of the nuclear point source on our sensitivity to
nuclear bars. We find stellar nuclear bar candidates in four of these galaxies:
Mrk 471, Mrk 270, Mrk 573, and NGC 5929, nearly 20% of the total sample. The
percentage rises to ~30% when systems with disturbed morphologies or high
inclinations are excluded. The nuclear bars in Mrk 573 and Mrk 270 exhibit some
evidence for dust lanes along their leading edges, analogous to the structures
seen in host galaxy bars, while the dust lanes in Mrk 471 and NGC 5929 exhibit
a more complex morphology. The fact that most of these AGN do not appear to
contain stellar nuclear bars suggests that they are not the fueling mechanism
for most low-luminosity AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81043 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Geometry of Lattice and Staggered Fermions


  Differential structure of a d-dimensional lattice, which is essentially a
noncommutative exterior algebra, is defined using reductions in first order and
second order of universal differential calculus in the context of
noncommutative geometry (NCG) developed by Dimakis et al. This differential
structure can be realized adopting a Dirac-Connes operator proposed by us
recently within Connes' NCG. With matrix representations being specified, our
Dirac-Connes operator corresponds to staggered Dirac operator, in the case that
dimension of the lattice equals to 1, 2 and 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126212 </DOCNO>
White Dwarfs: Contributors and Tracers of the Galactic Dark-Matter Halo


  We examine the claim by Oppenheimer et al. (2001) that the local halo density
of white dwarfs is an order of magnitude higher than previously thought. As it
stands, the observational data support the presence of a kinematically distinct
population of halo white dwarfs at the >99% confidence level. A
maximum-likelihood analysis gives a radial velocity dispersion of
sigma^h_U=150(+80/-40) km/s and an asymmetric drift of v_a^h=176(+102/-80)
km/s, for a Schwarzschild velocity distribution function with
sigma_U:sigma_V:sigma_W=1:2/3:1/2. Halo white dwarfs have a local number
density of 1.1(+2.1/-0.7)x10^-4 pc-3, which amounts to 0.8(+1.6/-0.5) per cent
of the nominal local dark-matter halo density and is 5.0(+9.5/-3.2) times
higher and thus only marginally in agreement with previous estimates (all
errors indicate the 90% C.L.). We discuss several direct consequences of this
white-dwarf population (e.g. microlensing) and postulate a potential mechanism
to eject young white dwarfs from the disc to the halo, through the orbital
instabilities in triple or multiple stellar systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40828 </DOCNO>
Search for neutralino pair production at sqrt(s) = 189 GeV


  A search for pair-production of neutralinos at a LEP centre-of-mass energy of
189 GeV gave no evidence for a signal. This limits the neutralino production
cross-section and excludes regions in the parameter space of the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2491 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional randomly-frustrated spin 1/2 Heisenberg model


  We investigate the properties of S=1/2 Heisenberg clusters with random
frustration using exact diagonalizations. This is a model for a quantum spin
glass. We show that the average ground state spin is $S \propto \sqrt{N}$,
where N is the number of sites. We also calculate the magnetic susceptibility
and the spin stiffness and low-energy excitations, and discuss these in terms
of a semiclassical picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124458 </DOCNO>
Stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis of Post-AGB Stars


  I discuss recent new models of post-Asymptotic Giant Branch stellar
evolution. These models aim to clarify the evolutionary origin and status of a
variety of hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars such as central stars of planetary
nebulae of Wolf-Rayet spectral type, PG1159 stars or Sakurai's object. Starting
with AGB models with overshoot such stars can evolve through one of four
distinct channels. Each of these channels has typical abundance patterns
depending on the relative timing of the departure from the AGB and the
occurrence of the last thermal pulse. I discuss the responsible mechanisms and
observational counterparts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2332 </DOCNO>
Vibrations of amorphous, nanometric structures: When does continuum


  Structures involving solid particles of nanometric dimensions play an
increasingly important role in material sciences. These structures are often
characterized through the vibrational properties of their constituent
particles, which can be probed by spectroscopic methods. Interpretation of such
experimental data requires an extension of continuum elasticity theory down to
increasingly small scales. Using numerical simulation and exact diagonalization
for simple models, we show that continuum elasticity, applied to disordered
system, actually breaks down below a length scale of typically 30 to 50
molecular sizes. This length scale is likely related to the one which is
generally invoked to explain the peculiar vibrational properties of glassy
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150211 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Supersymmetry


  After a short discussion of the intimate relation between the generalized
statistics and supersymmetry, we review the recent results on the nonlinear
supersymmetry obtained in the context of the quantum anomaly problem and of the
universal algebraic construction associated with the holomorphic nonlinear
supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7310 </DOCNO>
Reversible Structural Transition in Epitaxial Manganite Film


  A reversible structural transition of an epitaxial La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 film
deposited on the LaAlO3 substrate has been investigated by means of in situ
high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) and electron
diffraction, combined with image and diffraction calculations. We observe that
the crystallographic symmetry of the film can be lowered via electron beam
irradiation, leading to a rhombohedral-monoclinic transition. This transition
can be attributed to the cooperating effect of the mismatch stress and the
irradiation-induced thermal-stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96846 </DOCNO>
Poincare-Einstein metrics and the Schouten tensor


  We examine here the space of conformally compact metrics $g$ on the interior
of a compact manifold with boundary which have the property that the $k^{th}$
elementary symmetric function of the Schouten tensor $A_g$ is constant. When
$k=1$ this is equivalent to the familiar Yamabe problem, and the corresponding
metrics are complete with constant negative scalar curvature. We show for every
$k$ that the deformation theory for this problem is unobstructed, so in
particular the set of conformal classes containing a solution of any one of
these equations is open in the space of all conformal classes. We then observe
that the common intersection of these solution spaces coincides with the space
of conformally compact Einstein metrics, and hence this space is a finite
intersection of closed analytic submanifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74726 </DOCNO>
B -> phi K decays in perturbative QCD approach


  We calculate the branching ratios and CP asymmetries of the $B\to \phi K$
decays using perturbative QCD approach, which includes $k_T$ and threshold
resummations. Our results of branching ratios are consistent with the
experimental data and larger than those obtained from the naive factorization
assumption and the QCD-improved factorization approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40910 </DOCNO>
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking, Scalar Top-Charm Mixing and Higgs


  The squark mass-matrix from the soft supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking sector
contains a rich flavor-mixing structure that allows O(1) mixings among top- and
charm-squarks while being consistent with all the existing theoretical and
experimental bounds. We formulate a {\it minimal} flavor-changing-neutral
current scheme in which the squark mixings arise from the non-diagonal scalar
trilinear interactions. This feature can be realized in a class of new models
with horizontal U(1)_H symmetry which generates realistic quark-mass matrices
and provides a solution to the SUSY \mu-problem. Finally, without using the
mass-insertion approximation, we analyze SUSY radiative corrections to the
bcH^+ and tch^0 couplings, and show that these couplings can reveal exciting
new discovery channels for the Higgs boson signals at the Tevatron and the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7005 </DOCNO>
Mixed State Holonomies


  Sjoqvist, Pati, Ekert, Anandan, Ericsson, Oi and Vedral (Phys. Rev. Lett. 85,
2845 [2000]) have recently "provided a physical prescription based on
interferometry for introducing the total phase of a mixed state undergoing
unitary evolution, which has been an elusive concept in the past". They note
that "Uhlmann was probably the first to address the issue of mixed state
holonomy, but as a purely mathematical problem". We investigate possible
relationships between these "experimental" and "mathematical" approaches, by
examining various quantum-theoretic scenarios. We find that the two
methodologies, in general, yield inequivalent outcomes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128876 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Bounds on an Invisibly Decaying Higgs Boson


  We derive bounds on the Higgs boson coupling $g^{\prime}$ to a stable light
scalar which is regarded as a collisional dark matter candidate. We study the
behaviour of this scalar, that we refer to as phion ($\phi$), in the early
Universe for different ranges of its mass. We find that a phion in the mass
range of $100 \mev$ is excluded, while if its mass is about $1 \gev$, a rather
large coupling constant, $g^{\prime} \gsim 2$, and $m_h \lsim 130 \gev$ are
required in order to avoid overabundance. In the latter case, the invisible
decay mode of the Higgs boson is dominant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126734 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Correlation Statistics of Mock Catalogs for the DEEP2 Survey


  The DEEP2 project will obtain redshifts for ~60,000 galaxies between
z~0.7-1.5 in a comoving volume of 7 10^6 Mpc/h^3 for an LCDM universe. The
survey will map four separate 2 by 0.5 degree strips of the sky. To study the
expected clustering, we have constructed mock galaxy catalogs from the GIF
Virgo Consortium simulations. We present two- and three-point correlation
analyses of these mock galaxy catalogs to test how well we will measure these
statistics in the presence of selection biases which will limit the surface
density of galaxies which we can select for spectroscopy. We find that neither
the two-point nor three-point correlation functions are significantly
compromised. We will be able to make simple corrections to account for the
small amount of bias introduced. We quantify the expected redshift distortions
due to random orbital velocities of galaxies within groups and clusters on
small scales of ~1 Mpc/h using the pairwise velocity dispersion sigma_12 and
galaxy-weighted velocity dispersion sigma_1, which we are able to measure
within ~10%. We also estimate the expected large-scale coherent infall of
galaxies due to supercluster formation (``Kaiser effect''). From this measure
we will be able to constrain beta to within ~0.1 at z=1. For the DEEP2 survey
we will combine the correlation statistics with galaxy observables such as
spectral type, morphology, absolute luminosity, and linewidth to measure the
relative biases in different galaxy types. Here we use a counts-in-cells
analysis to measure sigma_8 as a function of redshift and determine the
relative bias between galaxy samples based on absolute luminosity. We expect to
measure sigma_8 to within 10% and detect the evolution of relative bias with
redshift at the 4-5 sigma level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148 </DOCNO>
Soliton dynamics in 3D ferromagnets


  We study the dynamics of solitons in a Landau-Lifshitz equation describing
the magnetization of a three-dimensional ferromagnet with an easy axis
anisotropy. We numerically compute the energy dispersion relation and the
structure of moving solitons, using a constrained minimization algorithm. We
compare the results with those obtained using an approximate form for the
moving soliton, valid in the small momentum limit. We also study the
interaction and scattering of two solitons, through a numerical simulation of
the (3+1)-dimensional equations of motion. We find that the force between two
solitons can be either attractive or repulsive depending on their relative
internal phase and that in a collision two solitons can form an unstable
oscillating loop of magnons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1902 </DOCNO>
Electron correlation effects in a wide channel from the $\nu =1$ quantum


  The spatial behavior of Landau levels (LLs) for the $nu=1$ quantum Hall
regime at the edge of a wide channel is studied in a self-consistent way by
using a generalized local density approximation proposed here. Both exchange
interaction and strong electron correlations, due to edge states, are taken
into account. They essentially modify the spatial behavior of the occupied
lowest spin-up LL in comparison with that of the lowest spin-down LL, which is
totally empty. The contrast in the spatial behavior can be attributed to a
different effective one-electron lateral confining potentials for the
spin-split LLs. Many-body effects on the spatially inhomogeneous spin-splitting
are calculated within the screened Hartree-Fock approximation. It is shown
that, far from the edges, the maximum activation energy is dominated by the gap
between the Fermi level and the bottom of the spin-down LL, because the gap
between the Fermi level and the spin-up LL is much larger. In other words, the
maximum activation energy in the bulk of the channel corresponds to a highly
asymmetric position of the Fermi level within the gap between spin-down and
spin-up LLs in the bulk. We have also studied the renormalization of the
edge-state group velocity due to electron correlations. The results of the
present theory are in line with those suggested and reported by experiments on
high quality samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168409 </DOCNO>
Singlet states and the estimation of eigenstates and eigenvalues of an


  We consider several problems that involve finding the eigenvalues and
generating the eigenstates of unknown unitary gates. We first examine
Controlled-U gates that act on qubits, and assume that we know the eigenvalues.
It is then shown how to use singlet states to produce qubits in the eigenstates
of the gate. We then remove the assumption that we know the eigenvalues and
show how to both find the eigenvalues and produce qubits in the eigenstates.
Finally, we look at the case where the unitary operator acts on qutrits and has
eigenvalues of 1 and -1, where the eigenvalue 1 is doubly degenerate. The
eigenstates are unknown. We are able to use a singlet state to produce a qutrit
in the eigenstate corresponding to the -1 eigenvalue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114210 </DOCNO>
The factor 2 in fundamental physics


  A brief history is given of the factor 2, starting in the most elementary
considerations of geometry and kinematics of uniform acceleration, and moving
to relativity, quantum mechanics and particle physics. The basic argument is
that in all the significant cases in which the factor 2 or 1/2 occurs in
fundamental physics, whether classical, quantum or relativistic, the same
physical operation is taking place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41344 </DOCNO>
Observation of Pseudoscalar and Axial Vector Resonances in pi- p -> K+


  A new measurement of the reaction pi- p -> K+ K- pi0 n has been made at a
beam energy of 18 GeV. A partial wave analysis of the K+ K- pi0 system shows
evidence for three pseudoscalar resonances, eta(1295), eta(1416), and
eta(1485), as well as two axial vectors, f1(1285), and f1(1420). Their observed
masses, widths and decay properties are reported. No signal was observed for
C(1480), an IG J{PC} = 1+ 1{--} state previously reported in phi pi0 decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75110 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Effective Theory at one-loop order: An explicit example


  We consider correlation functions containing the axial current of one light
and one heavy quark in the static approximation as well as in full QCD, using
the lattice regularization. Up to one-loop order of perturbation theory, we
study the difference between the full and the effective theory in the continuum
limit. In the full theory we find a term non-analytic in 1/m, revealing the
asymptotic character of the 1/m-expansion. In general, deviations from the
m-to-infinity limit turn out to be small and are well described by the first
non-trivial terms when m is a factor 2-3 above the external scale. We also
investigate the mass dependence of discretization errors, and find that the
behaviour of the correlation functions at finite lattice spacing differs
significantly from that in the continuum limit when the quark mass is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2681 </DOCNO>
The Highest-Derivative Version of Variational Perturbation Theory


  We systematically investigate different versions of variational perturbation
theory by forcing not only the first or second but also higher derivatives of
the approximant with respect to the variational parameter to vanish. The choice
of the highest derivative version turns out to be the most successful one for
approximating the ground-state energy of the anharmonic oscillator. It is
therefore used to determine the critical exponent alpha of the specific heat in
superfluid 4He in agreement with the value measured in recent space shuttle
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74698 </DOCNO>
Solitons in nonlocal chiral quark models


  Properties of hedgehog solitons in a chiral quark model with nonlocal
regulators are described. We discuss the formation of the hedgehog soliton, the
quantization of the baryon number, the energetic stability, the gauging and
construction of Noether currents with help of path-ordered P-exponents, and the
evaluation of observables. The issue of nonlocality is thoroughly discussed,
with a focus on contributions to observables related to the Noether currents.
It is shown that with typical model parameters the solitons are not far from
the weak nonlocality limit. The methods developed are applicable to solitons in
models with separable nonlocal four-fermion interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174728 </DOCNO>
Investigation of the (232)Th Nucleus Excitations at the FEL {gamma} -


  The physics search potential of the FEL {gamma} - Nucleus colliders is
analysed using excitations of the (232)Th nucleus. It is shown that, due to the
monochromacity of FEL {gamma} beam and high statistics, proposed colliders will
play an important role in the field of "traditional" nuclear physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2459 </DOCNO>
The Intrinsic Quantum Excitations of Low Temperature Glasses


  Several puzzling regularities concerning the low temperature excitations of
glasses are quantitatively explained by quantizing domain wall motions of the
random first order glass transition theory. The density of excitations agrees
with experiment and scales with the size of a dynamically coherent region at
$T_g$, being about 200 molecules. The phonon coupling depends on the Lindemann
ratio for vitrification yielding the observed universal relation $l/\lambda
\simeq 150$ between phonon wavelength $\lambda$ and mean free path $l$.
Multilevel behavior is predicted to occur in the temperature range of the
thermal conductivity plateau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98393 </DOCNO>
Short Calculus


  This is a set of homework assignments for the MAT 16B course that I taught at
the Department of Mathematics of the University of California at Davis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85887 </DOCNO>
Description of Supernova Data in Conformal Cosmology without


  We consider cosmological consequences of a conformal invariant formulation of
Einstein's General Relativity where instead of the scale factor of the spatial
metrics in the action functional a massless scalar (dilaton) field occurs which
scales all masses including the Planck mass. Instead of the expansion of the
universe we get the Hoyle-Narlikar type of mass evolution, where the
temperature history of the universe is replaced by the mass history. We show
that this conformal invariant cosmological model gives a satisfactory
description of the new supernova Ia data for the effective magnitude - redshift
relation without a cosmological constant and make a prediction for the
high-redshift behavior which deviates from that of standard cosmology for
$z>1.7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76289 </DOCNO>
Small x divergences in the Similarity RG approach to LF QCD


  We study small x divergences in boost invariant similarity renormalization
group approach to light-front QCD in a heavy quark-antiquark state. With the
boost invariance maintained, the infrared divergences do not cancel out in the
physical states, contrary to previous studies where boost invariance was
violated by a choice of a renormalization scale. This may be an indication that
the zero mode, or nontrivial light-cone vacuum structure, might be important
for recovering full Lorentz invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75830 </DOCNO>
Stringent neutron-star limits on large extra dimensions


  Supernovae (SNe) are copious sources for Kaluza-Klein gravitons which are
generic for theories with large extra dimensions. These massive particles are
produced with average velocities ~0.5 c so that many of them are
gravitationally retained by the SN core. Every neutron star thus has a halo of
KK gravitons which decay into nu bar-nu, e^+e^- and gamma gamma on time scales
\~10^9 years. The EGRET gamma-flux limits (E_gamma ~ 100 MeV) for nearby
neutron stars constrain the fundamental scale for n=2 extra dimensions to M
>500 TeV, and M>30 TeV for n=3. The upcoming GLAST satellite is a factor ~30
more sensitive and thus may detect KK decays, for example at the nearby neutron
star RX J185635--3754. The requirement that neutron stars are not excessively
heated by KK decays implies M>1700 TeV for n=2, and M>60 TeV for n=3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76786 </DOCNO>
Non-Commutativity and Unitarity Violation in Gauge Boson Scattering


  We examine the unitarity properties of spontaneously broken non-commutative
gauge theories. We find that the symmetry breaking mechanism in the
non-commutative Standard Model of Chaichian et al. leads to an unavoidable
violation of tree-level unitarity in gauge boson scattering at high energies.
We then study a variety of simplified spontaneously broken non-commutative
theories and isolate the source of this unitarity violation. Given the group
theoretic restrictions endemic to non-commutative model building, we conclude
that it is difficult to build a non-commutative Standard Model under the
Weyl-Moyal approach that preserves unitarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75232 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Light Meson Decay Constant from QCD Sum Rules in Three-Loop


  In this paper we compute the decay constant of the pseudo-scalar heavy-light
mesons in the heavy quark effective theory framework of QCD sum rules. In our
analysis we include the recently evaluated three-loop result of order
$\alpha_s^2$ for the heavy-light current correlator. The value of the bottom
quark mass, which essentially limits the accuracy of the sum rules for $B$
meson, is extracted from the nonrelativistic sum rules for $\Upsilon$
resonances in the next-to-next-to-leading approximation. We find stability of
our result with respect to all types of corrections and the specific form of
the sum rule which reduces the uncertainty. Our results $f_B=206\pm 20$ MeV and
$f_D=195\pm 20$ MeV for the $B$ and $D$ meson decay constants are in impressive
agreement with recent lattice calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40780 </DOCNO>
Estimates of flavoured scalar production in B - decays


  Estimates are presented for the branching ratios of several two-particle
B-meson decays into flavoured scalar mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168781 </DOCNO>
Entanglement enhanced information transmission over a quantum channel


  We show that entanglement is a useful resource to enhance the mutual
information of the depolarizing channel when the noise on consecutive uses of
the channel has some partial correlations. We obtain a threshold in the degree
of memory, depending on the shrinking factor of the channel, above which a
higher amount of classical information is transmitted with entangled signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96758 </DOCNO>
Uniform spectral properties of one-dimensional quasicrystals, IV.


  We consider discrete one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operators with
quasi-Sturmian potentials. We present a new approach to the trace map dynamical
system which is independent of the initial conditions and establish a
characterization of the spectrum in terms of bounded trace map orbits. Using
this, it is shown that the operators have purely singular continuous spectrum
and their spectrum is a Cantor set of Lebesgue measure zero. We also exhibit a
subclass having purely $\alpha$-continuous spectrum. All these results hold
uniformly on the hull generated by a given potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124894 </DOCNO>
On OH line formation and oxygen abundances in metal-poor stars


  The formation of the UV OH spectral lines has been investigated for a range
of stellar parameters in the light of 3D hydrodynamical model atmospheres. The
low atmospheric temperatures encountered at low metallicities compared with the
radiative equilibrium values enforced in classical 1D hydrostatic model
atmospheres have a profound impact on the OH line strengths. As a consequence,
the derived O abundances using 3D models are found to be systematically lower
by more than 0.6 dex at [Fe/H]=-3.0 compared with previous 1D analyses, casting
doubts on the recent claims for a monotonic increase in [O/Fe] towards lower
metallicities. In fact, taken at face value the resulting 3D LTE trend is in
rough agreement with the conventional [O/Fe] plateau. Caution must, however, be
exercised in view of the remaining assumptions in the 3D calculations. We have
verified that the stellar parameters remain essentially unchanged with 3D model
atmospheres provided that the infrared flux method, Hipparcos parallaxes and
FeII lines are utilised, leaving the 3D O abundances from OH lines largely
intact. Greater concern stems from possible departures from LTE in both the
line formation and the molecular equilibrium, which, if present, would increase
the derived O abundances again. Non-LTE line formation calculations with 1D
model atmospheres suggest no significant steepening of the [O/Fe] trend even if
the abundance corrections amount to about 0.2 dex for all investigated stellar
parameters. We note, however, that the 3D case may not necessarily be as
metallicity-independent. The apparent lack of laboratory or theoretical rate
coefficients at the relevant temperatures for the involved molecular reactions
unfortunately prevents a quantitative discussion on the possible effects of
non-equilibrium chemistry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2099 </DOCNO>
Surprises in the doping dependence of the Fermi surface in Bi(Pb)-2212


  A detailed and systematic ARPES investigation of the doping-dependence of the
normal state Fermi surface (FS) of modulation-free (Pb,Bi)-2212 is presented.
The FS does not change in topology away from hole-like at any stage. The data
reveal, in addition, a number of surprises. Firstly the FS area does not follow
the usual curve describing Tc vs x for the hole doped cuprates, but is
down-shifted in doping by ca. 0.05 holes per Cu site, indicating either the
break-down of Luttinger's theorem or the consequences of a significant bi-layer
splitting of the FS. Secondly, the strong k-dependence of the FS width is shown
to be doping independent. Finally, the relative strength of the shadow FS has a
doping dependence mirroring that of Tc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86406 </DOCNO>
Generalized Slow Roll Conditions and the Possibility of Intermediate


  Generalized slow roll conditions and parameters are obtained for a general
form of scalar-tensor theory (with no external sources), having arbitrary
functions describing a nonminimal gravitational coupling F(\phi), a Kahler-like
kinetic function k(\phi), and a scalar potential V(\phi). These results are
then used to analyze a simple toy model example of chaotic inflation with a
single scalar field \phi and a standard Higgs potential and a simple
gravitational coupling function. In this type of model inflation can occur with
inflaton field values at an intermediate scale of roughly 10^{11} GeV when the
particle physics symmetry breaking scale is approximately 1 TeV, provided that
the theory is realized within the Jordan frame. If the theory is realized in
the Einstein frame, however, the intermediate scale inflation does not occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150012 </DOCNO>
Perfect fluid brane-world model


  By considering 5--dimensional cosmological models with a bulk filled with a
perfect fluid and a cosmological constant, we have found regular instantonic
solution which is free from any singularity at the origin of the
extra--coordinate and describe 5--dimensional asymptotically anti de Sitter
wormhole, when the bulk has a topology $ R \times S^4 $ and is filled with dust
and a negative cosmological constant. Compactified brane-world instantons which
are built up from such instantonic solution describe either a single brane or a
string of branes. Their analytical continuation to the pseudo--Riemannian
metric can give rise to either 4-dimensional inflating branes or solutions with
the same dynamical behaviour for extra--dimension and branes, in addition to
multitemporal solutions. Dust brane-world models with other spatial topologies
are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129613 </DOCNO>
3--4 $\mu$m Spectroscopy of Seyfert 2 Nuclei to Quantitatively Assess


  We report on 3--4 $\mu$m slit spectroscopy of 13 Seyfert 2 nuclei. The 3.3
$\mu$m polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission is used to estimate the
magnitudes of compact ($<$ a few 100 pc) nuclear starbursts and to resolve the
controversy over their energetic importance in Seyfert 2 nuclei. For three
selected Seyfert 2 nuclei that have been well studied in the UV, the magnitudes
of the compact nuclear starbursts estimated from the 3.3 $\mu$m PAH emission
(with no extinction correction) are in satisfactory quantitative agreement with
those based on the UV after extinction correction. Based directly on our 3--4
$\mu$m slit spectra, the following two main conclusions are drawn: (1) except
in one case, the observed nuclear 3--4 $\mu$m emission is dominated by AGN and
not by starbursts, and (2) compact nuclear starbursts are detected in 6 out of
13 Seyfert 2 nuclei, but cannot dominate the energetics of the galactic
infrared dust emission in the majority of the observed Seyfert 2 galaxies. For
several sources for which Infrared Space Observatory spectra taken with larger
apertures and/or soft X-ray data are available, these data are combined with
our 3--4 $\mu$m slit spectra, and it is suggested that (3) extended (kpc scale)
star-formation activity is energetically more important than compact nuclear
starbursts, and contributes significantly to the infrared luminosities of
Seyfert 2 galaxies, and (4) the bulk of the energetically significant extended
star-formation activity is of starburst type rather than quiescent normal disk
star-formation; the extended starbursts are responsible for the
superwind-driven soft X-ray emission from Seyfert 2 galaxies. Finally, it is
implied that more powerful AGNs tend to be related to more powerful compact
nuclear starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168630 </DOCNO>
Optimal Tight Frames and Quantum Measurement


  Tight frames and rank-one quantum measurements are shown to be intimately
related. In fact, the family of normalized tight frames for the space in which
a quantum mechanical system lies is precisely the family of rank-one
generalized quantum measurements (POVMs) on that space. Using this
relationship, frame-theoretical analogues of various quantum-mechanical
concepts and results are developed.
  The analogue of a least-squares quantum measurement is a tight frame that is
closest in a least-squares sense to a given set of vectors. The least-squares
tight frame is found for both the case in which the scaling of the frame is
specified (constrained least-squares frame (CLSF)) and the case in which the
scaling is free (unconstrained least-squares frame (ULSF)). The well-known
canonical frame is shown to be proportional to the ULSF and to coincide with
the CLSF with a certain scaling.
  Finally, the canonical frame vectors corresponding to a geometrically uniform
vector set are shown to be geometrically uniform and to have the same
symmetries as the original vector set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40714 </DOCNO>
CP Results from Belle


  The Belle detector at KEKB has collected 6.2 fb^{-1} of data at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance. Presented here are preliminary measurements, from this
data sample, of sin(2phi_1) and other quantities relating to CP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5212 </DOCNO>
Conductance renormalization and conductivity of a multi-subband


  We studied the conductance renormalization and conductivity of multi-subband
Tomonaga-Luttinger models with inter-subband interactions. We found that, as in
single-band systems, the conductance of a multi-subband system with an
arbitrary number of subbands is not renormalized due to interaction between
electrons. We derived a formula for the conductivity in multi-subband models.
We applied it to a simplified case and found that inter-subband interaction
enhances the conductivity, which is contrary to the intra-subband repulsive
interaction, and that the conductivity is further enhanced for a larger number
of subbands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73833 </DOCNO>
A 6-D Brane World Model


  We consider a 6D space-time which is periodic in one of the extra dimensions
and compact in the other. The periodic direction is defined by two 4-brane
boundaries. Both static and non-static exact solutions, in which the internal
spacetime has constant radius of curvature, are derived. In the case of static
solutions, the brane tensions must be tuned as in the 5D Randall-Sundrum model,
however, no additional fine-tuning is necessary between the brane tensions and
the bulk cosmological constant. By further relaxing the sole fine-tuning of the
model, we derive non-static solutions, describing de Sitter or Anti de Sitter
4D spacetimes, that allow for the fixing of the inter-brane distance and the
accommodation of pairs of positive-negative and positive-positive tension
branes. Finally, we consider the stability of the radion field in these
configurations by employing small, time-dependent perturbations around the
background solutions. In analogy with results drawn in 5 dimensions, the
solutions describing a de Sitter 4D spacetime turn out to be unstable while
those describing an Anti de Sitter geometry are shown to be stable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128170 </DOCNO>
Optical & NIR photometry of the interacting Dwarf Galaxies II Zw 70/II


  We obtained deep optical and NIR images of the pair of blue compact dwarf
(BCD) galaxies II Zw 70 and II Zw 71 in order to study the effects of
interaction on the structural properties of their stellar
low-surface-brightness (LSB) component. We find that within their Holmberg
radius the interacting BCDs under study do not differ significantly in terms of
the central surface brightness and exponential scale length of their LSB hosts
from typical iE/nE systems. In the faint outskirts (26.2 < mu_B [mag
arcsec^-2^] < 28.5) of both systems, however, the present data reveal
conspicuous morphological distortions, most notably an extended feature
protruding as far as ~9 kpc from the starburst region of II Zw 70 in the
direction of II Zw 71. The relatively blue colors of this stellar extension,
together with its apparent spatial coincidence with the massive HI streamer
connecting the dwarf galaxies, are consistent with the hypothesis that it
originates from recent star formation within the gaseous halo of II Zw 70,
rather than from stellar matter torn out of the LSB host of the BCD during the
interaction.The results presented here support the view that important
signatures of the dynamical response and secular evolution of the stellar LSB
component in interacting dwarf galaxies can be found in their very faint
outskirts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97168 </DOCNO>
Uniqueness of Inverse Scattering Problem in Local Quantum Physics


  It is shown that the a Bisognano-Wichmann-Unruh inspired formulation of local
quantum physics which starts from wedge-localized algebras, leads to a
uniqueness proof for the scattering problem. The important mathematical tool is
the thermal KMS aspect of localization and its strengthening by the requirement
of crossing symmetry for generalized formfactors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83654 </DOCNO>
Robust Probabilistic Predictive Syntactic Processing


  This thesis presents a broad-coverage probabilistic top-down parser, and its
application to the problem of language modeling for speech recognition. The
parser builds fully connected derivations incrementally, in a single pass from
left-to-right across the string. We argue that the parsing approach that we
have adopted is well-motivated from a psycholinguistic perspective, as a model
that captures probabilistic dependencies between lexical items, as part of the
process of building connected syntactic structures. The basic parser and
conditional probability models are presented, and empirical results are
provided for its parsing accuracy on both newspaper text and spontaneous
telephone conversations. Modifications to the probability model are presented
that lead to improved performance. A new language model which uses the output
of the parser is then defined. Perplexity and word error rate reduction are
demonstrated over trigram models, even when the trigram is trained on
significantly more data. Interpolation on a word-by-word basis with a trigram
model yields additional improvements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1225 </DOCNO>
The Smectic Phase of Spherical-Fan Shaped Molecules. A Computer


  We have used Monte Carlo NPT computer simulations to study a system of
spherical fan shaped particles made of three hard discs fused along a common
diameter. The calculated equation of state indicates a strong, entropy driven,
first order transition from the isotropic phase to a layered phase that has the
basic characteristics of the usual smectic A mesophase but with strongly
correlated rotations about the symmetry axes of neighbouring molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97936 </DOCNO>
Bounded rank of C*-algebras


  We introduce a concept of the bounded rank (with respect to a positive
constant) for unital C*-algebras as a modification of the usual real rank and
present a series of conditions insuring that bounded and real ranks coincide.
These observations are then used to prove that for a given $n$ and $K > 0$
there exists a separable unital C*-algebra $Z_{n}^{K}$ such that every other
separable unital C*-algebra of bounded rank with respect to $K$ at most $n$ is
a quotient of $Z_{n}^{K}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129362 </DOCNO>
Analysis of On-Orbit ACIS Squeegee Mode Data on Chip I0


  The MIT and CXC ACIS teams have explored a number of measures to ameliorate
the effects of radiation damage suffered by the ACIS FI CCDs. One of these
measures is a novel CCD read-out method called ``squeegee mode''. A variety of
different implementations of the squeegee mode have now been tested on the I0
CCD.
  Our results for the fitted FWHM at Al-K$\alpha$ and Mn-K$\alpha$ clearly
demonstrate that all the squeegee modes provide improved performance in terms
of reducing CTI and improving spectral resolution. Our analysis of the
detection efficiency shows that the so-called squeegee modes ``Vanilla'' and
``Maximum Observing Efficiency'' provide the same detection efficiency as the
standard clocking, once the decay in the intensity of the radioactive source
has been taken into account. The squeegee modes which utilize the slow parallel
transfer (``Maximum Spectral Resolution'', ``Maximum Angular Resolution'', and
``Sub-Array'') show a significantly lower detection efficiency than the
standard clocking. The slow parallel transfer squeegee modes exhibit severe
grade migration from flight grade 0 to flight grade 64 and a smaller migration
into ASCA g7. The latter effect can explain some of the drop in detection
efficiency. (ABRIDGED ABSTRACT)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97694 </DOCNO>
Paradoxes of Randomness


  I'll discuss how Goedel's paradox "This statement is false/unprovable" yields
his famous result on the limits of axiomatic reasoning. I'll contrast that with
my work, which is based on the paradox of "The first uninteresting positive
whole number", which is itself a rather interesting number, since it is
precisely the first uninteresting number. This leads to my first result on the
limits of axiomatic reasoning, namely that most numbers are uninteresting or
random, but we can never be sure, we can never prove it, in individual cases.
And these ideas culminate in my discovery that some mathematical facts are true
for no reason, they are true by accident, or at random. In other words, God not
only plays dice in physics, but even in pure mathematics, in logic, in the
world of pure reason. Sometimes mathematical truth is completely random and has
no structure or pattern that we will ever be able to understand. It is NOT the
case that simple clear questions have simple clear answers, not even in the
world of pure ideas, and much less so in the messy real world of everyday life.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123587 </DOCNO>
T Dwarf Discoveries by 2MASS


  Over a dozen T dwarfs, brown dwarfs that exhibit methane absorption features
at 1.6 and 2.2 $\micron$, have been discovered by the 2MASS survey. We discuss
how the search for these objects has been made, point out some of the
limitations of using near-infrared data to find the warmest T dwarfs, and
highlight a few of the more interesting T dwarfs that have been identified in
2MASS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97488 </DOCNO>
On the center of the small quantum group


  Using the quantum Fourier transform $F$, we describe the block decomposition
and multiplicative structure of a subalgebra $Z+F(Z)$ in the center of the
small quantum group $u_l$ at a root of unity. It contains the previously known
subalgebra $Z$, which is isomorphic to the algebra of characters of finite
dimensional modules over $u_l$. We prove that the intersection $Z \cap F(Z)$
coincides with the annihilator of the radical of $Z$. The whole center of $u_l$
coincides with the obtained subalgebra $Z + F(Z)$ in case of $sl_2$, and is
bigger than that in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84035 </DOCNO>
Smoothed Analysis of Algorithms: Why the Simplex Algorithm Usually Takes


  We introduce the \textit{smoothed analysis of algorithms}, which is a hybrid
of the worst-case and average-case analysis of algorithms. In smoothed
analysis, we measure the maximum over inputs of the expected performance of an
algorithm under small random perturbations of that input. We measure this
performance in terms of both the input size and the magnitude of the
perturbations. We show that the simplex algorithm has polynomial \emph{smoothed
complexity}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148113 </DOCNO>
Unitary representations of SW(3/2,2) superconformal algebra


  SW(3/2,2) superconformal algebra is W algebra with two Virasoro operators.
The Kac determinant is calculated and the complete list of unitary
representations is determined. Two types of extensions of SW(3/2,2) algebra are
discussed. A new approach to construction of W algebras from rational conformal
field theories is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127107 </DOCNO>
Large zenith angle observations with the high-resolution GRANITE III


  The GRANITE III camera of the Whipple Cherenkov Telescope at the Fred
Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins, Arizona (2300 m a.s.l.) has the
highest angular resolution of all cameras used on this telescope so far. The
central region of the camera has 379 pixels with an individual angular diameter
of 0.12 degrees. This makes the instrument especially suitable for observations
of gamma-induced air-showers at large zenith angles since the increase in
average distance to the shower maximum leads to smaller shower images in the
focal plane of the telescope. We examine the performance of the telescope for
observations of gamma-induced air-showers at zenith angles up to 63 degrees
based on observations of Mkn 421 and using Monte Carlo Simulations. An
improvement to the standard data analysis is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75088 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic and Isocurvature Perturbations from Inflation: Power Spectra


  We study adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations produced during a period of
cosmological inflation. We compute the power spectra and cross spectra of the
curvature and isocurvature modes, as well as the tensor perturbation spectrum
in terms of the slow-roll parameters. We provide two consistency relations for
the amplitudes and spectral indices of the corresponding power spectra. These
relations represent a definite prediction and a test of inflationary models
which should be adopted when studying cosmological perturbations through the
Cosmic Microwave Background in forthcoming satellite experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81340 </DOCNO>
The QCD String Spectrum and Conformal Field Theory


  The low energy excitation spectrum of the critical Wilson surface is
discussed between the roughening transition and the continuum limit of lattice
QCD. The fine structure of the spectrum is interpreted within the framework of
two-dimensional conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129500 </DOCNO>
Chandra Deep Field South: The 1Msec Catalog


  In this Paper we present the source catalog obtained from a 942 ks exposure
of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS), using ACIS-I on the Chandra X-ray
Observatory. Catalog generation proceeded simultaneously using two different
methods; a method of our own design using a modified version of the SExtractor
algorithm, and a wavelet transform technique developed specifically for Chandra
observations. The detection threshold has been set in order to have less than
10 spurious sources, as assessed by extensive simulations. We subdivided the
catalog into four sections. The primary list consists of objects common to the
two detection methods. Two secondary lists contain sources which were detected
by: 1) the SExtractor algorithm alone and 2) the wavelet technique alone. The
fourth list consists of possible diffuse or extended sources. The flux limits
at the aimpoint for the soft (0.5--2 keV) and hard (2--10 keV) bands are
5.5E-17 erg/s/cm^2 and 4.5E-16 erg/s/cm^2 respectively. The total number of
sources is 346; out of them, 307 were detected in the 0.5--2 keV band, and 251
in the 2--10 keV band.
  We also present optical identifications for the catalogued sources. Our
primary optical data is R band imaging to a depth of R~26.5 (Vega). We found
that the R-band/Chandra offsets are small, ~1 arcsec. Coordinate
cross-correlation finds 85% of the Chandra sources covered in R to have
counterparts within the 3-sigma error box (>~1.5 arcsec depending on off-axis
angle and signal-to-noise). The unidentified fraction of sources, approximately
~10--15 %, is close to the limit expected from the observed X-ray flux to
R-band ratio distribution for the identified sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86541 </DOCNO>
Exact Dissipative Cosmologies with Stiff Fluid


  The general solution of the gravitational field equations in the flat
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker geometry is obtained in the framework of the full
Israel-Stewart-Hiscock theory for a bulk viscous stiff cosmological fluid, with
bulk viscosity coefficient proportional to the energy density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98944 </DOCNO>
From Littlewood-Richardson coefficients to cluster algebras in three


  This is an expanded version of the notes of my three lectures at a NATO
Advanced Study Institute ``Symmetric functions 2001: surveys of developments
and perspectives" (Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge,
UK; June 25-July 6, 2001). Lecture I presents a unified expression due to A.
Berenstein and the author for generalized Littlewood-Richardson coefficients (=
tensor product multiplicities) for any complex semisimple Lie algebra. Lecture
II outlines a proof of this result; the main idea of the proof is to relate the
LR-coefficients with canonical bases and total positivity. Lecture III
introduces cluster algebras, a new class of commutative algebras introduced by
S. Fomin and the author in an attempt to create an algebraic framework for
canonical bases and total positivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2361 </DOCNO>
Density-Matrix Algorithm for Phonon Hilbert Space Reduction in the


  Combining density-matrix and Lanczos algorithms we propose a new optimized
phonon approach for finite-cluster diagonalizations of interacting
electron-phonon systems. To illustrate the efficiency and reliability of our
method, we investigate the problem of bipolaron band formation in the extended
Holstein Hubbard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128586 </DOCNO>
AMiBA, XMM, and Cluster Surveys


  The Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy (AMiBA) is an interferometric
array of 19 dishes co-mounted on a steerable platform and operating at 95GHz.
One of the main scientific aims of AMiBA is to conduct cluster surveys using
the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. Here we explore the potential of AMiBA as a
tailor-made SZ instrument for the study of cluster physics and cosmology via
cluster surveys out to the epoch of cluster formation. In particular, we
explore the potential of combining AMiBA cluster surveys with the XMM-LSS
(Large Scale Structure) survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128157 </DOCNO>
An unusual H-alpha nebula around RX J1856.5-3754


  We present spectroscopy and H alpha imaging of a faint nebula surrounding the
X-ray bright, nearby neutron star RX J1856.5-3754. The nebula shows no strong
lines other than the Hydrogen Balmer lines and has a cometary-like morphology,
with the apex being approximately 1 arcsec ahead of the neutron star, and the
tail extending up to at least 25 arcsec behind it. We find that the current
observations can be satisfactorily accounted for by two different models. In
the first, the nebula is similar to ``Balmer-dominated'' cometary nebulae seen
around several radio pulsars, and is due to a bow shock in the ambient gas
arising from the supersonic motion of a neutron star with a relativistic wind.
In the second model, the nebula is an ionisation nebula, but of a type not
observed before (though expected to exist), in which the ionisation and heating
are very rapid compared to recombination and cooling. We use a detailed
hydrodynamical simulation to confirm that a shape like that observed can be
reproduced. Independent of the model, we find that RX J1856.5-3754 is not kept
hot by accretion. If it is young and cooling, the lack of pulsations at X-ray
wavelengths is puzzling. Using phenomenological arguments, we suggest that RX
J1856.5-3754 may have a relatively weak, few 10^11 G, magnetic field. If so, it
would be ironic that the two brightest nearby neutron stars, RX J1856.5-3754
and RX J0720.4-3125, may well represent the extreme ends of the neutron star
magnetic field distribution, one a weak field neutron star and another a
magnetar. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74584 </DOCNO>
Transverse energy dependence of J/Psi suppression in Au+Au collisions at


  Prediction for transverse energy dependence of $J/\psi$ to Drell-Yan ratio in
Au+Au collisions at RHIC energy was obtained in a model which assume 100%
absorption of $J/\psi$ above a threshold density. The threshold density was
obtained by fitting the NA50 data on $J/\psi$ suppression in Pb+Pb collisions
at SPS energy. At RHIC energy, hard processes may be important. Prediction of
$J/\psi$ suppression with and without hard processes were obtained. With hard
processes included, $J/\psi$'s are strongly suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83876 </DOCNO>
Realspace Sovereigns in Cyberspace: The Case of Domain Names


  In this piece, we take up the case of the domain name system as an example of
challenges and solutions for realspace sovereigns in cyberspace. First, we
analyze the 'in rem' provision of the US Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection
Act (ACPA), which purports to expand the scope of the ACPA to encompass
disputes with little direct connection with the United States. In reality,
there exist no cases of foreign cybersquatting as to which the 'in rem'
provision will be both applicable and constitutional. Instead the ACPA 'in rem'
provision is notable primarily for its aggressive assertion of jurisdiction,
leading us to consider the (often overlooked) role of realspace sovereigns in
the regulation of the domain names system. By mapping the logical control over
the domain names system-the distributed hierarchy that is the basis of the
system's design-onto realspace territory, the potential for sovereign
regulation of the system becomes apparent. We argue that the regulatory
significance of geography, and the essentially arbitrary nature of the present
territorial locations of the key components of the domain name system implies
the future segmentation of the domain name system, and the resulting dramatic
decrease in its value. Accordingly, we argue that realspace sovereigns (and
especially the United States) have strong interests in avoiding segmentation,
and thus must seek to coordinate the regulation of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128756 </DOCNO>
Infrared Signatures of Protoplanetary Disk Evolution


  We investigate the observational signatures of a straightforward evolutionary
scenario for protoplanetary disks in which the disk mass of small (50 micron)
particles decreases homologously with time, but the disk structure and stellar
parameters do not change. Our goal is to identify optimal infrared spectral
indicators of the existence of disks, their structure, and mass evolution that
may be tested with the upcoming SIRTF mission. We present simulated spectral
energy distributions and colors over a wide range of masses. The SED is most
sensitive to disk mass in the far-IR and longer wavelengths, which is already
known from millimeter and radio observations. As the disk mass decreases, the
excess emission of the disk over the stellar photosphere diminishes more
rapidly at the longest rather than at short wavelengths. At near-infrared
wavelengths, the disk remains optically thick to stellar radiation over a wide
range of disk mass, resulting in a slower decline in the SED in this spectral
regime. Therefore, near-IR excesses (K-L) provide a robust means of detecting
disks in star clusters down to 1E-7 solar masses, while the far-IR excess
probes the disk mass. Reducing the disk mass results in a clear progression in
color-color diagrams with low mass disks displaying the bluest colors. We
interpret color-color diagrams for Taurus-Auriga sources in the context of
decreasing disk mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41258 </DOCNO>
High Energy Colliders as Black Hole Factories: The End of Short Distance


  If the fundamental Planck scale is of order a TeV, as the case in some
extra-dimensions scenarios, future hadron colliders such as the Large Hadron
Collider will be black hole factories. The non-perturbative process of black
hole formation and decay by Hawking evaporation gives rise to spectacular
events with up to many dozens of relatively hard jets and leptons, with a
characteristic ratio of hadronic to leptonic activity of roughly 5:1. The total
transverse energy of such events is typically a sizeable fraction of the beam
energy. Perturbative hard scattering processes at energies well above the
Planck scale are cloaked behind a horizon, thus limiting the ability to probe
short distances. The high energy black hole cross section grows with energy at
a rate determined by the dimensionality and geometry of the extra dimensions.
This dependence therefore probes the extra dimensions at distances larger than
the Planck scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4282 </DOCNO>
Particle-hole symmetric localization in two dimensions


  We revisit two-dimensional particle-hole symmetric sublattice localization
problem, focusing on the origin of the observed singularities in the density of
states $\rho(E)$ at the band center E=0. The most general such system [R. Gade,
Nucl. Phys. B {\bf 398}, 499 (1993)] exhibits critical behavior and has
$\rho(E)$ that diverges stronger than any integrable power-law, while the
special {\it random vector potential model} of Ludwiget al [Phys. Rev. B {\bf
50}, 7526 (1994)] has instead a power-law density of states with a continuously
varying dynamical exponent. We show that the latter model undergoes a dynamical
transition with increasing disorder---this transition is a counterpart of the
static transition known to occur in this system; in the strong-disorder regime,
we identify the low-energy states of this model with the local extrema of the
defining two-dimensional Gaussian random surface. Furthermore, combining this
``surface fluctuation'' mechanism with a renormalization group treatment of a
related vortex glass problem leads us to argue that the asymptotic low $E$
behavior of the density of states in the {\it general} case is $\rho(E) \sim
E^{-1} e^{-|\ln E|^{2/3}}$, different from earlier prediction of Gade. We also
study the localized phases of such particle-hole symmetric systems and identify
a Griffiths ``string'' mechanism that generates singular power-law
contributions to the low-energy density of states in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148088 </DOCNO>
CFT, Holography, and Causal Entropy Bound


  The causal entropy bound (CEB) is confronted with recent explicit entropy
calculations in weakly and strongly coupled conformal field theories (CFTs) in
arbitrary dimension $D$. For CFT's with a large number of fields, $N$, the CEB
is found to be valid for temperatures not exceeding a value of order
$M_P/N^{{1\over D-2}}$, in agreement with large $N$ bounds in generic cut-off
theories of gravity, and with the generalized second law. It is also shown that
for a large class of models including high-temperature weakly coupled CFT's and
strongly coupled CFT's with AdS duals, the CEB, despite the fact that it
relates extensive quantities, is equivalent to (a generalization of) a purely
holographic entropy bound proposed by E. Verlinde.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167934 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Quantum State of a Large Angular Momentum


  We demonstrate a general method to measure the quantum state of an angular
momentum of arbitrary magnitude. The (2F+1) x (2F+1) density matrix is
completely determined from a set of Stern-Gerlach measurements with (4F+1)
different orientations of the quantization axis. We implement the protocol for
laser cooled Cesium atoms in the 6S_{1/2}(F=4) hyperfine ground state and apply
it to a variety of test states prepared by optical pumping and Larmor
precession. A comparison of input and measured states shows typical
reconstruction fidelities of about 0.95.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97118 </DOCNO>
Decomposition Algorithms for Stochastic Programming on a Computational


  We describe algorithms for two-stage stochastic linear programming with
recourse and their implementation on a grid computing platform. In particular,
we examine serial and asynchronous versions of the L-shaped method and a
trust-region method. The parallel platform of choice is the dynamic,
heterogeneous, opportunistic platform provided by the Condor system. The
algorithms are of master-worker type (with the workers being used to solve
second-stage problems, and the MW runtime support library (which supports
master-worker computations) is key to the implementation. Computational results
are presented on large sample average approximations of problems from the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6568 </DOCNO>
Evidence for "fragile" glass-forming behavior in the relaxation of


  We show by means of a Monte Carlo simulation study that three-dimensional
models with long-range frustration display the generic phenomena seen in
fragile glassforming liquids. Due to their properties (absence of quenched
disorder, physical motivation in terms of structural frustration, and tunable
fragility), these systems appear as promising minimal theoretical models for
describing the glass transition of supercooled liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81293 </DOCNO>
Quenched charmonium near the continuum limit


  We study relativistic charmonium on very fine quenched lattices (beta=6.4 and
6.6). We concentrate on the calculation of the hyperfine splitting between
eta_c and J/psi, aiming for a controlled continuum extrapolation of this
quantity. Results for the eta_c and J/psi wave functions are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4271 </DOCNO>
Large magnetoresistance using hybrid spin filter devices


  A magnetic "spin filter" tunnel barrier, sandwiched between a non-magnetic
metal and a magnetic metal, is used to create a new magnetoresistive tunnel
device, somewhat analogous to an optical polarizer-analyzer configuration. The
resistance of these trilayer structures depends on the relative magnetization
orientation of the spin filter and the ferromagnetic electrode. The spin
filtering in this configuration yields a previously unobserved
magnetoresistance effect, exceeding 100%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76234 </DOCNO>
CP violating neutrino oscillation and uncertainties in Earth matter


  We propose a statistical formulation to estimate possible errors in long
baseline neutrino oscillation experiments caused by uncertainties in the Earth
matter density. A quantitative investigation of the effect is made on the CP
asymmetry in future neutrino factory experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85797 </DOCNO>
Entropy bounds, monotonicity properties and scaling in CFTs


  We study the ratio of the entropy to the total energy in conformal field
theories at finite temperature. For the free field realizations of {\cal N}=4
super Yang-Mills theory in D=4 and the (2,0) tensor multiplet in D=6, the ratio
is bounded from above. The corresponding bounds are less stringent than the
recently proposed Verlinde bound. We show that entropy bounds arise generically
in CFTs in connection to monotonicity properties with respect to temperature
changes of a generalized C-function. For strongly coupled CFTs with AdS duals,
we show that the ratio obeys the Verlinde bound even in the presence of
rotation. For such CFTs, we point out an intriguing resemblance in their
thermodynamic formulas with the corresponding ones of two-dimensional CFTs. We
show that simple scaling forms for the free energy and entropy of CFTs with AdS
duals reproduce the thermodynamical properties of (D+1)-dimensional AdS black
holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1375 </DOCNO>
Thermal Re-emission Model


  Starting from a continuum description, we study the non-equilibrium
roughening of a thermal re-emission model for etching in one and two spatial
dimensions. Using standard analytical techniques, we map our problem to a
generalized version of an earlier non-local KPZ (Kardar-Parisi-Zhang) model. In
2+1 dimensions, the values of the roughness and the dynamic exponents
calculated from our theory go like $ \alpha \approx z \approx 1 $ and in 1+1
dimensions, the exponents resemble the KPZ values for low vapor pressure,
supporting experimental results. Interestingly, Galilean invariance is
maintained althrough.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113730 </DOCNO>
Why Genetic Information Processing could have a Quantum Basis


  Living organisms are not just random collections of organic molecules. There
is continuous information processing going on in the apparent bouncing around
of molecules of life. Optimisation criteria in this information processing can
be searched for using the laws of physics. Quantum dynamics can explain why
living organisms have 4 nucleotide bases and 20 amino acids, as optimal
solutions of the molecular assembly process. Experiments should be able to tell
whether evolution indeed took advantage of quantum dynamics or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75382 </DOCNO>
A Practical Approach for Exponentiation of QED Corrections in Arbitrary


  It is a well-known fact that, among the electroweak corrections, QED
radiation gives the largest contribution and the needed precision requires a
re-summation of the large logarithms which show up in perturbation theory. For
two fermion annihilation processes initial state radiation is a definable,
gauge-invariant, concept and one has general tools to deal with it; the
structure function approach and also the parton-shower method. However, when
one tries to apply the algorithm to four-fermion processes that include
non-annihilation channels a problem is faced: is it still possible to include
QED corrections by making use of the standard tools? A systematization is
attempted of several, recently proposed, algorithms. In particular, it is shown
that starting from the exponentiation of soft photons one can still derive a
description of QED radiation in terms of structure functions, i.e. the kernel
for the hard scattering is convoluted with generalized structure functions
where each of them is no longer function of one scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114357 </DOCNO>
On Stability of Physics Systems


  Within the framework of the hypothesis offered by authors about a
complex-valued nature of physical quantities the stability of basic equations
of the classical physics concerning complex-valued perturbations of parameters
and boundary conditions is explored. The conducted examination of nonlinear
equations and, what is more important, of linear differential equations shows
violation in some cases of the continuous dependence of the solution on the
change of imaginary parts of parameters and boundary conditions in the
neighborhood of zero. In other words, it was revealed that a small imaginary
part may drive the real solution. It may be concluded that a small imaginary
part, even if unobservable, is still an inherent characteristic of a physical
quantity, being yet something like a hidden parameter, and manifests itself
only indirectly forcing the system to move in this or that direction, which may
be taken as a basis for experimental testing of the put forward hypothesis
about a complex-valued nature of physical quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6383 </DOCNO>
Observation of large anisotropy in c-axis oriented thin films of


  A large anisotropy in the upper critical field (H$_{C2}$) is observed for
MgB$_{2}$ films grown in situ by a pulsed laser deposition process involving
growth and annealing of Mg and B multilayers. Measurements of resistivity as a
function of temperature and magnetic field yield the estimated zero temperature
values of H$_{C2}$ in the range 100 to 130 T and about 10 T, for the field in
ab plane and along c axis, respectively, depending on the criterion chosen for
the transition temperature. The corresponding anisotropy parameter is thus in
the range 9 to 13. The estimated coherence length in ab plane is about 50
\r{A}, whereas that in the c direction is much smaller (\approx 5 \r{A}). No
significant magnetoresistance is observed in the normal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4651 </DOCNO>
Can Smoluchowski equation account for gelation transition?


  We revisit the scaling theory of the Smoluchowski equation with special
emphasis on the dimensional analysis to derive the scaling ansatz and to give
an insightful foundation to it. It has long been argued that the homogeneity
exponent $\lambda$ of the aggregation kernel divides the aggregation process
into two regimes (i) $\lambda\leq 1$ nongelling and (ii) $\lambda>1$ gelling.
However, our findings contradict with this result. In particular, we find that
the Smoluchowski equation is valid if and only if $\lambda<1$. We show that
beyond this limit i.e. at $\lambda\geq 1$, it breaks down and hence it fails to
describe a gelation transition. This also happens to be accompanied by
violation of scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123776 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Chronometers


  Observations of metal-poor Galactic halo stars indicate that the abundance
pattern of the (heaviest) neutron-capture elements is consistent with the
scaled solar system r-process abundances. Utilizing the radioactive (r-process)
element thorium, age determinations have been made for several of these same
stars, placing constraints on both Galactic and cosmological age estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97096 </DOCNO>
Singularites generiques et quasi-resolutions des varietes de Schubert


  We determine explicitly the irreducible components of the singular locus of
any Schubert variety for GL_n(K), K being an algebraically closed field of
arbitrary characteristic. We also describe the generic singularities along
these components.
  The case of covexillary Schubert varieties was solved in an earlier work of
the author [Ann. Inst. Fourier vol. 51 fasc. 2 (2001), 375-393]. Here, we first
exhibit some irreducible components of the singular locus of X_w, by describing
the generic singularity along each of them. Let S_w be the union of these
components. As mentioned above, the equality S_w = Sing X_w is known for
covexillary varieties, and we base our proof of the general case on this
result. More precisely, we study the exceptional locus of certain
quasi-resolutions of a non-covexillary Schubert variety X_w, and we relate the
intersection of these loci to S_w. Then, by induction on the dimension, we can
establish the equality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127125 </DOCNO>
Dark Energy and the New Cosmology


  A successor to the standard hot big-bang cosmology is emerging. It greatly
extends the highly successful hot big-bang model. A key element of the New
Standard Cosmology is dark energy, the causative agent for accelerated
expansion. Dark energy is just possibly the most important problem in all of
physics. The only laboratory up to the task of studying dark energy is the
Universe itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73151 </DOCNO>
Regularization and supersymmetry-restoring counterterms in


  We calculate symmetry-restoring counterterms in supersymmetric QCD at the
one-loop level. First we determine loop corrections to the supersymmetry and
gauge transformations and find counterterms in such a way that the symmetry
algebra holds at the one-loop level. Then these results are used to derive the
symmetry-restoring counterterms to all trilinear interactions. In order to
obtain unique results it is crucial to use the Slavnov-Taylor identity, which
does not only contain supersymmetric and gauge Ward identities but also
describes the symmetry algebra. In dimensional regularization this procedure
yields unique non-zero values for the counterterms. In contrast, in dimensional
reduction we find that no non-symmetric counterterms are needed, neither for
the symmetry transformations nor for the physical interactions. For the
considered cases this result constitutes a definite test of the supersymmetry
and gauge invariance of the scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 269 </DOCNO>
Comment on `Replica analysis of the p-spin interaction Ising spin-glass


  We demonstrate that the analytic calculation of the 1RSB break point
parameter in a paper by de Oliveira and Fontanari[1] is erroneous, due to the
omission of a higher order term in a lengthy perturbative calculation, and
provide a refinement of the accompanying numerical results.
  [1] V. M. de Oliveira and J. F. Fontanari, J. Phys. A 32, 2285 (1998)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5206 </DOCNO>
Renormalisation-theoretic analysis of non-equilibrium phase transitions


  We study in detail the application of renormalisation theory to models of
cluster aggregation and fragmentation of relevance to nucleation and growth
processes. In particular, we investigate the Becker-Doring (BD) equations,
originally formulated to describe and analyse non-equilibrium phase
transitions, but more recently generalised to describe a wide range of
physicochemical problems. We consider here rate coefficients which depend on
the cluster size in a power-law fashion, but now perturbed by small amplitude
random noise. Power-law rate coefficients arise naturally in the theory of
surface-controlled nucleation and growth processes. The noisy perturbations on
these rates reflect the effect of microscopic variations in such mean-field
coefficients, thermal fluctuations and/or experimental uncertainties. In the
present paper we generalise our earlier work that identified the nine classes
into which all dynamical behaviour must fall by investigating how random
perturbations of the rate coefficients influence the steady-state and kinetic
behaviour of the coarse-grained, renormalised system. We are hence able to
confirm the existence of a set of up to nine universality classes for such BD
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74772 </DOCNO>
Spin-Statistics Theorem in Path Integral Formulation


  We present a coherent proof of the spin-statistics theorem in path integral
formulation. The local path integral measure and Lorentz invariant local
Lagrangian, when combined with Green's functions defined in terms of time
ordered products, ensure causality regardless of statistics. The Feynman's
$m-i\epsilon$ prescription ensures the positive energy condition regardless of
statistics, and the abnormal spin-statistics relation for both of spin-0 scalar
particles and spin-1/2 Dirac particles is excluded if one imposes the positive
norm condition in conjunction with Schwinger's action principle. The minus
commutation relation between one Bose and one Fermi field arises naturally in
path integral. The Feynman's $m-i\epsilon$ prescription also ensures a smooth
continuation to Euclidean theory, for which the use of the Weyl anomaly is
illustrated to exclude the abnormal statistics for the scalar and Dirac
particles not only in 4-dimensional theory but also in 2-dimensional theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128528 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of the Contamination in [OIII] lambda 5007 Surveys of


  We present two pieces of evidence supporting the hypothesis that the bright
[OIII] lambda 5007 sources found in Virgo's intracluster space are intracluster
planetary nebulae, rather than [OII] lambda 3727 galaxies at z ~ 0.35 or
Ly-alpha sources at z ~ 3.13. First, we confirm the nature of five
``overluminous'' [OIII] sources that are postulated to lie in front of M87: by
examining the composite spectrum of these objects, we show that the weaker
[OIII] line at lambda 4959 is definitely present at a strength ~ 1/3 that of
[OIII] lambda 5007. The ratio demonstrates that, at most, only one of the five
objects is a background galaxy. We then estimate the surface density of
background emission-line objects by conducting a wide-field (0.13 deg^2) search
at lambda 5019 for faint emission line sources in a ``blank field'' located
well away from any galaxy or cluster. We show that the density of blank field
emission-line sources is significantly lower than the density of sources
detected between the galaxies of Virgo, but in good agreement with the density
of Ly-alpha galaxies found by Hu, Cowie, & McMahon(1998). The implication is
that background galaxies only account for ~20% of the planetary nebula
candidates in Virgo's intracluster fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2712 </DOCNO>
Integrable models for confined fermions: applications to metallic grains


  We study integrable models for electrons in metals when the single particle
spectrum is discrete. The electron-electron interactions are BCS-like pairing,
Coulomb repulsion, and spin exchange coupling. These couplings are, in general,
nonuniform in the sense that they depend on the levels occupied by the
interacting electrons. By using the realization of spin 1/2-operators in terms
of electrons the models describe spin 1/2 models with nonuniform long range
interactions and external magnetic field. The integrability and the exact
solution arise since the model Hamiltonians can be constructed in terms of
Gaudin models. Uniform pairing and the resulting orthodox model correspond to
an isotropic limit of the Gaudin Hamiltonians. We discuss possible applications
of this model to a single grain and to a system of few interacting grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72590 </DOCNO>
Resumming the Light Hemisphere Mass and Narrow Jet Broadening


  We present predictions of two event shape distributions, the light hemisphere
mass and the narrow jet broadening, to next-to-leading logarithmic order. We
apply the coherent branching formalism to resum the leading O(alphas^n
L^{2n-1}) and next-to-leading O(alphas^n L^{2n-2}) infrared logarithms to all
orders in the coupling constant. We include the recently calculated
non-logarithmic next-to-leading order contributions. Applying simple power
corrections to the resummed result gives good agreement with the available data
from LEP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75319 </DOCNO>
The Cross Section of e^+ e^- Annihilation into Hadrons of Order


  We present the first genuine QCD five-loop calculation of the vacuum
polarization functions: analytical terms of order alpha_s^4 n_f^2 to the
absorptive parts of vector and scalar correlators. These corrections form an
important gauge-invariant subset of the full O(alpha_s^4) correction to $e^+
e^- annihilation into hadrons and the Higgs decay rate into hadrons
respectively. They discriminate between different widely used estimates of the
full result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73320 </DOCNO>
A Solitonic 3-Brane in 6D Bulk


  We construct a solitonic 3-brane solution in the 6-dimensional
Einstein-Hilbert-Gauss-Bonnet theory with a (negative) cosmological term. This
solitonic brane world is delta-function-like. Near the brane the metric is that
for a product of the 4-dimensional flat Minkowski space with a 2-dimensional
``wedge'' with a deficit angle (which depends on the solitonic brane tension).
Far from the brane the metric approaches that for a product of the
5-dimensional AdS space and a circle. This solitonic solution exists for a
special value of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling (for which we also have a
delta-function-like codimension-1 solitonic solution), and the solitonic brane
tension can take values in a continuous range. We discuss various properties of
this solitonic brane world, including coupling between gravity and matter
localized on the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96310 </DOCNO>
The number of connected components in the double Bruhat cells for


  We compute the number of connected components in a generic real double Bruhat
cell for series $B_n$ and $C_n$ and an exceptional group $F_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81205 </DOCNO>
Understanding chiral symmetry breaking with the overlap action


  A chiral fermion action allows one to do very clean studies of chiral
symmetry breaking in QCD. I will briefly describe how to compute with the
overlap action (relatively) cheaply, and then turn to physics: Low modes of the
Dirac operator show a ``lumped'' chiral density which peaks at the locations of
instantons and anti-instantons. These modes dominate correlation functions at
small quark mass in many channels. The picture qualitatively (and in some cases
quantitatively) resembles an instanton liquid model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 358 </DOCNO>
Aging dynamics in a colloidal glass of Laponite


  The aging dynamics of colloidal suspensions of Laponite, a synthetic clay, is
investigated using dynamic light stattering (DLS) and viscometry after a quench
into the glassy phase. DLS allows to follow the diffusion of Laponite particles
and reveals that there are two modes of relaxation. The fast mode corresponds
to a rapid diffusion of particles within "cages" formed by the neighboring
particles. The slow mode corresponds to escape from the cages: its average
relaxation time increases exponentially fast with the age of the glass. In
addition, the slow mode has a broad distribution of relaxation times, its
distribution becoming larger as the system ages. Measuring the concomitant
increase of viscosity as the system ages, we can relate the slowing down of the
particle dynamics to the viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113811 </DOCNO>
Parity non-conservation in thallium


  We report a new calculation of the parity non-conserving E1 amplitude for the
6p_{1/2} -> 6p_{3/2} transition in Tl. Our result for the reduced matrix
element is $E1_{PNC}=-(66.7 \pm 1.7) i 10^{-11} (-Q_W/N)$~a.u. Comparison with
the experiment of Vetter et al [PRL,{\bf 74},2658 (1995)] gives the following
result for the weak charge of $^{205}$Tl: $Q_W/Q_W^{SM} = 0.97 (\pm
0.01)_{expt} (\pm 0.03)_{theor}$, where $Q_W^{SM}=-116.7$ is the standard model
prediction. This result confirms an earlier conclusion based on the analysis of
a Cs experiment that atomic PNC experiments are in agreement with the standard
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2244 </DOCNO>
Motion, creation and annihilation of disclinations in multi-domain


  We study dynamical processes in a multi-domain (MD) structured nematic liquid
crystal cell with a particular emphasis on the motion, creation and
annihilation of disclinations. In the MD cell right- and left-handed director
helices alternate due to a special choice of the director pretilt angles at the
surfaces. As a result, a net of twist disclinations occurs. We have implemented
a numerical algorithm based on a pure rotational dynamics of the director field
to monitor the motion of the defect lines during the switching process, i.e.,
when an electric voltage is applied to or removed from the cell. We demonstrate
that the total light transmission versus time is not affected by the presence
of the defects compared to a conventional twisted nematic (TN) cell. If the
pretilt angles at the surfaces are sufficiently small, the twisting sense of
one species of helices is reversed and a configuration free of defects occurs.
On the other hand, for an applied voltage twist disclinations close to the
surface have to exist. Therefore, defect lines are created or they annihilate
during the switching process. We investigate these situations in detail and
reveal the underlying mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113671 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of the Boeder differential equation for macromolecular


  The Boeder differential equation is solved in this work over a wide range of
$\alpha$, yielding the probability density functions (PDF), that describe the
average orientations of rod-like macromolecules in a flowing liquid. The
quantity $\alpha$ is the ratio of the hydrodynamic shear rate to the rotational
diffusion coefficient. It characterises the coupling of the motion of the
macromolecules in the hydrodynamic flow to their thermal diffusion. Previous
analytical work is limited to approximate solutions for small values of
$\alpha$. Special analytical as well as numerical methods are developed in the
present work in order to calculate accurately the PDF for a range of $\alpha$
covering several orders of magnitude, $10^{-6} \le \alpha \le 10^{8}$. The
mathematical nature of the differential equation is revealed as a singular
perturbation problem when $\alpha$ becomes large. Scaling results are obtained
over the differential equation for $\alpha \ge 10^{3}$. Monte Carlo Brownian
simulations are also constructed and shown to agree with the numerical
solutions of the differential equation in the bulk of the flowing liquid, for
an extensive range of $\alpha$. This confirms the robustness of the developed
analytical and numerical methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148573 </DOCNO>
Superconvergence Relations


  For a limited number of matter fields, the discontinuity of the transverse
gauge field propagator can satisfy an exact sum rule. With controlled and
limited gauge dependence, this supercconvergence relation is of physical
interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114339 </DOCNO>
Upgrade of the Control System of the IFUNAM's Pelletron Accelerator


  In 1995 a 9SDH-2 Pelletron from NEC was installed at IFUNAM (Instituto de
Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico). Two beam lines have been
operational since then and two new lines have been built. In order to perform
the planned projects in this grown facility, an upgrading of the original
manual control system is required. The proposed new control system takes
advantage of the existing devices and incorporates the electronics needed for
the newer beam lines. The control software from NEC, has been modified to
accommodate the larger requirements. It runs on the same dedicated computer but
receives commands from a new installed host. Both computers communicate through
a local network sharing the accelerator database. The new host computer also
handles all parameters related to the new lines. In the future, the old
computer will be replaced in order to expand the possibilities of the system
and use a friendlier graphical interface. In this work we present the changes
made to the control software, the new acquisition and control devices installed
and the integration of the old and new systems. Finally, the beam control
procedure based on the analysis of the beam profile that is under development
is also shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97580 </DOCNO>
Clifford correspondence for algebras


  We give a Clifford correspondence for an algebra A over an algebraically
closed field, that is an algorithm for constructing some finite-dimensional
simple A-modules from simple modules for a subalgebra and endomorphism
algebras. This applies to all finite-dimensional simple A-modules in the case
that A is finite-dimensional and semisimple with a given semisimple subalgebra.
We discuss connections between our work and earlier results, with a view
towards applications particularly to finite-dimensional semisimple Hopf
algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99251 </DOCNO>
Homological properties of graph manifolds


  We consider the following properties of compact oriented irreducible
graph-manifolds: to contain a $\pi_1$-injective surface (immersed, virtually
embedded or embedded), be (virtually) fibered over $S^1$, and to carry a metric
of nonpositive sectional curvature.
  It turns out that all these properties can be described from a unified point
of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73211 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in models with singlet fermions


  It is shown that a minimal extension of the standard model with leptons that
transform as singlets under the SU(2) symmetry of weak interactions can explain
the recently reported derivation in the measured value of the anomalous
magnetic moment of the muon from that expected in the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4927 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in the Chalcogens up to Multimegabar Pressures


  Highly sensitive magnetic susceptibility techniques were used to measure the
superconducting transition temperatures in S up to 231($\pm$5) GPa. S
transforms to a superconductor with T$_c$ of 10 K and has a discontinuity in
T_c dependence at 160 GPa corresponding to bco to beta-Po phase transition.
Above this pressure T_c in S has a maximum reaching about 17.3(+/-0.5) K at 200
GPa and then slowly decreases with pressure to 15 K at 230 GPa.
 This trend in the pressure dependence parallels the behavior of the heavier
members Se and Te. Superconductivity in Se was also observed from 15 to 25 GPa
with T_c changing from 4 to 6 K and above 150 GPa with T_c of 8 K.
Similiarities in the T_c dependences for S, Se, and Te, and the implications
for oxygen are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76955 </DOCNO>
Genuine Correlations in Hadronic Z$^0$ Decays


  Correlations among hadrons with the same electric charge produced in Z$^0$
decays are studied using the high statistics data collected from 1991 through
1995 with the OPAL detector at LEP. Normalized factorial cumulants up to fourth
order are used to measure genuine pa rticle correlations as a function of the
size of phase space domains in rapidity, azimuthal angle and transverse
momentum. tein correlations. Some of the recently proposed algorithms to
simulate Bose-Einstein effects, implemented in the Monte Carlo model \PYTHIA,
reproduce reasonably well the me asured second- and higher-order correlations
between particles with the same charge as well as those in all-charge particle
multiplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149195 </DOCNO>
Complete Lagrangian formulation for N=4 topological string


  We give a Lagrangian and display all local symmetries for N=4 topological
string by Berkovits, Vafa and Siegel, the latter previously known in the
superconformal gauge. Leading to a small N=4 superconformal algebra and
exhibiting the manifest Lorentz invariance the model is proposed to be a
framework for restoring the manifest Lorentz invariance in N=2 string
scattering amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96639 </DOCNO>
The calibration method for the Mumford-Shah functional and


  In this paper we present a minimality criterion for the Mumford-Shah
functional, and more generally for non convex variational integrals on SBV
which couple a surface and a bulk term. This method provides short and easy
proofs for several minimality results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99123 </DOCNO>
On the quantum product of Schubert classes


  We give a formula for the smallest powers of the quantum parameters q that
occur in a product of Schubert classes in the (small) quantum cohomology of
general flag varieties G/P. We also include a complete proof of Peterson's
quantum version of Chevalley's formula, also for general G/P's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74987 </DOCNO>
Coupling constants g$_{a_0\omega\gamma}$ and g$_{a_0\rho\gamma}$ as


  We consider the two point correlation function of scalar current in QCD sum
rules approach to estimate the overlap amplitude of $a_0$ meson. We then employ
QCD sum rules to calculate the coupling constants g$_{\omega a_0\gamma}$ and
g$_{\rho a_0\gamma}$ by studying the three point ${a_0\omega\gamma}$- and
${a_0\rho\gamma}$-correlation functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126150 </DOCNO>
Galaxy populations from Deep ISO Surveys


  I discuss some of the main extra-galactic field surveys which have been
undertaken by the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). I review the findings from
the source counts analysies and then examine some of the more recent detailed
investigations into the explicit nature of the populations that make up these
source counts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128658 </DOCNO>
Observations of T-Tauri Stars using HST-GHRS: II. Optical and Near UV


  We have analyzed GHRS data of eight Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) and one
Weak T Tauri star (WTTS). The GHRS data consist of an spectral range 40 A wide
centered on 2800 A. For 4 of the CTTS we have nearly simultaneous optical
observations which contain Halpha, Hbeta, HeI, NaD, and the CaII infrared
triplet. The MgII resonance doublet is the strongest feature in the 2800 A
range. This line has a fairly wide and symmetric emission component (~200 to
\~300 km/s for the CTTSs), with a narrow central absorption and a wide
blueshifted absorption superimposed to it. The narrow central absorption width
and equivalent width are inconsistent with being due only to ISM clouds
described in the literature, which lead us to conclude that it is partially due
to non-LTE processes in the emission line region itself. The emission profile
closely follows Halpha. Its large width in CTTS cannot be due to the Stark
effect and we suggest that it is due to supersonic turbulence. All the stars
show blueshifted absorptions that are evidence of outflows (terminal velocities
\~300 km/s), with multiple flows observed in two stars. We show evidence that
the wind is not spherical, with wind signatures being stronger for lower
inclinations at a given accretion rate. We briefly compare other optical lines
with the hot transition region lines observed in CTTS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41297 </DOCNO>
Initial conditions and charged multiplicities in ultra-relativistic


  At ultra-relativistic energies the minijet production in heavy-ion collisions
becomes sensitive to semi-hard parton rescatterings in the initial stages of
the process. As a result global characteristics of the event, like the initial
minijet density, become rather insensitive on the infrared cutoff that
separates hard and soft interactions. This allows to define a nearly
parameter-free {\it saturation cutoff} at which the initial conditions may be
computed. As an application we study the centrality dependence of the charged
particle multiplicity, which is compared with present RHIC data and predicted
at higher energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87155 </DOCNO>
Stars on branes: the view from the brane


  We consider spherically symmetric matter configurations on a four dimensional
"brane" embedded in a five dimensional $Z_2$-symmetric "bulk". We write the
junction conditions between the interior and exterior of these "stars", treat a
couple of static examples in order to point out the differences with ordinary
four dimensional Einstein gravity, consider briefly a collapse situation and
conclude with the importance of a global view including asymptotic and
regularity conditions in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127437 </DOCNO>
GRB 000301C: a possible short/intermediate duration burst connected to a


  We discuss two main aspects of the GRB 000301C afterglow (Fynbo et al. 2000,
Jensen et al. 2000); its short duration and its possible connection with a
Damped Ly-alpha Absorber (DLA). GRB 000301C falls in the short class of bursts,
though it is consistent with belonging to the proposed intermediate class or
the extreme short end of the distribution of long-duration GRBs. Based on two
VLT spectra we estimate the HI column density to be Log(N(HI))=21.2+/-0.5. This
is the first direct indication of a connection between GRB host galaxies and
Damped Ly-alpha Absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149089 </DOCNO>
A New Fractional D2-brane, G_2 Holonomy and T-duality


  Recently, a new example of a complete non-compact Ricci-flat metric of G_2
holonomy was constructed, which has an asymptotically locally conical structure
at infinity with a circular direction whose radius stabilises. In this paper we
find a regular harmonic 3-form in this metric, which we then use in order to
obtain an explicit solution for a fractional D2-brane configuration. By
performing a T-duality transformation on the stabilised circle, we obtain the
type IIB description of the fractional brane, which now corresponds to D3-brane
with one of its world-volume directions wrapped around the circle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75762 </DOCNO>
Susceptibilities and screening masses in two flavor QCD


  We studied QCD with two flavors of dynamical staggered quarks at finite
temperature, with a bare sea quark mass of about 17 MeV. We report
investigations of baryon, isospin, charge and strangeness susceptibilities, as
well as screening masses obtained from correlators of local and one-link
separated meson operators. These were studied as functions of valence quark
mass at several temperatures. Our results for susceptibilities deviate
significantly from ideal gas values, and even more from the weak coupling
series. We also report the first measurement of off-diagonal quark number
susceptibilities below the transition temperature, Tc, where they are the main
contribution to charge fluctuations. We present evidence for a close connection
between the susceptibilities and the screening masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148482 </DOCNO>
Anomalies, counterterms and the ${\cal N} =0$ Polchinski-Strassler


  The singularity structure of many IIB supergravity solutions asymptotic to
$AdS_5 \times S^5$ becomes clearer when one considers the full ten dimensional
solution rather than the dimensionally reduced solution of gauged supergravity.
It has been shown that all divergences in the gravitational action of the
dimensionally reduced spacetime can be removed by the addition of local
counterterms on the boundary. Here we attempt to formulate the counterterm
action directly in ten dimensions for a particular class of solutions, the
${\cal N} = 0$ Polchinski-Strassler solutions, which are dual to an ${\cal N}
=4$ SYM theory perturbed by mass terms for all scalars and spinors. This
involves constructing the solution perturbatively near the boundary. There is a
contribution to the Weyl anomaly from the mass terms (which break the classical
conformal invariance of the action). The coefficient of this anomaly is
reproduced by a free field calculation indicating a non-renormalisation theorem
inherited from the ${\cal N} =4$ theory. We comment on the structure of the
full solutions and their construction from uplifting particular $ {\cal N} = 0$
flows in five dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125038 </DOCNO>
The Line-of-Sight Depth of Populous Clusters in the Small Magellanic


  We present an analysis of age, metal abundance, and positional data on
populous clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with the ultimate aim of
determining the line-of-sight (LOS) depth of the SMC using these clusters as
proxies. Our dataset contains 12 objects and is limited to clusters with the
highest quality data for which the ages and abundances are best known and can
be placed on an internally consistent scale. We have analyzed the variation of
the clusters' properties with position on the sky and with line-of-sight depth.
Based on this analysis, we draw the following conclusions. 1) The observational
data indicates that the eastern side of the SMC (facing the LMC) contains
younger and more metal-rich clusters as compared with the western side. This is
not a strong correlation because our dataset of clusters is necessarily
limited, but it is suggestive and warrants further study. 2) Depending on how
the reddening is computed to our clusters, we find a mean distance modulus that
ranges from (m-M)_0 = 18.71 +/- 0.06 to (m-M)_0 = 18.82 +/- 0.05. 3) The
intrinsic +/- 1-sigma line-of-sight depth of the SMC populous clusters in our
study is between ~6 kpc and ~12 kpc depending primarily on whether we adopt the
Burstein & Heiles reddenings or those from Schlegel et al. 4) Viewing the SMC
as a triaxial galaxy with the Declination, Right Ascension, and LOS depth as
the three axes, we find axial ratios of approximately 1:2:4. Taken together,
these conclusions largely agree with those of previous investigators and serve
to underscore the utility of populous star clusters as probes of the structure
of the Small Magellanic Cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41528 </DOCNO>
Solid State Systems for Electron Electric Dipole Moment and other


  In 1968, F.L. Shapiro published the suggestion that one could search for an
electron EDM by applying a strong electric field to a substance that has an
unpaired electron spin; at low temperature, the EDM interaction would lead to a
net sample magnetization that can be detected with a SQUID magnetometer. One
experimental EDM search based on this technique was published, and for a number
of reasons including high sample conductivity, high operating temperature, and
limited SQUID technology, the result was not particularly sensitive compared to
other experiments in the late 1970's.
  Advances in SQUID and conventional magnetometery had led us to reconsider
this type of experiment, which can be extended to searches and tests other than
EDMs (e.g., test of Lorentz invariance). In addition, the complementary
measurement of an EDM-induced sample electric polarization due to application
of a magnetic field to a paramagnetic sample might be effective using modern
ultrasensitive charge measurement techniques. A possible paramagnetic material
is Gd-substituted YIG which has very low conductivity and a net enhancement
(atomic enhancement times crystal screening) of order unity. Use of a
reasonable volume (100's of cc) sample of this material at 50 mK and 10 kV/cm
might yield an electron EDM sensitivity of $10^{-33}$ e cm or better, a factor
of $10^6$ improvement over current experimental limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125109 </DOCNO>
The discriminating power of wavelets to detect non-Gaussianity in the


  We investigate the power of wavelet techniques in detecting non-Gaussianity
in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We use the method to discriminate
between an inflationary and a cosmic strings model using small simulated
patches of the sky. We show the importance of the choice of a good test
statistic in order to optimise the discriminating power of the wavelet
technique. In particular, we construct the Fisher discriminant function, which
combines all the information available in the different wavelet scales. We also
compare the performance of different decomposition schemes and wavelet bases.
For our case, we find that the Mallat and {\it \`a trous} algorithms are
superior to the 2D-tensor wavelets. Using this technique, the inflationary and
strings models are clearly distinguished even in the presence of a superposed
Gaussian component with twice the rms amplitude of the original cosmic string
map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168035 </DOCNO>
A quantum computing scheme for the Hamiltonian path problem


  A quantum computing scheme that uses a single photon and multiple-slit
gratings is suggested for the Hamiltonian path problem on a simple graph G of N
vertices. The photon is input to an N-slit grating followed by an N x N matrix
of `processing units'. A unit consists of a delay line followed by a grating
with k slits (0 < k < N) whose outputs are directed to k units in the next row
in a manner determined by the adjacency matrix of G. There is a one-to-one
mapping between paths of length N-1 in the graph and physical paths through the
matrix. The photon's path is a superposition of all these physical paths. The
time taken by the photon along a physical path corresponding to a Hamiltonian
path in G is a fixed value equal to the sum of N distinct delays, and is
different from the time along any other path. The graph is Hamiltonian if any
one of N detectors placed in the output of the N units in row N detects the
photon at this fixed time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72589 </DOCNO>
Generalized Parton Distributions


  Applications of perturbative QCD to deeply virtual Compton scattering and
hard exclusive electroproduction processes require a generalization of the
usual parton distributions for the case when long-distance information is
accumulated in nondiagonal matrix elements of quark and gluon light-cone
operators. I describe two types of nonperturbative functions parametrizing such
matrix elements: double distributions and skewed parton distributions. I
discuss their general properties, relation to the usual parton densities and
form factors, evolution equations for both types of generalized parton
distributions (GPD), models for GPDs and their applications in virtual and real
Compton scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124121 </DOCNO>
Self-Similar Hot Accretion Flow onto a Neutron Star


  We present analytical and numerical solutions which describe a hot, viscous,
two-temperature accretion flow onto a neutron star or any other compact star
with a surface. We assume Coulomb coupling between the protons and electrons,
and free-free cooling from the electrons. Outside a thin boundary layer, where
the accretion flow meets the star, we show that there is an extended settling
region which is well-described by two self-similar solutions: (1) a
two-temperature solution which is valid in an inner zone $r\le10^{2.5}$ ($r$ is
in Schwarzchild units), and (2) a one-temperature solution at larger radii. In
both zones, $\rho\propto r^{-2}, \Omega\propto r^{-3/2}, v\propto r^0,\
T_p\propto r^{-1}$; in the two-temperature zone, $T_e\propto r^{-1/2}$. The
luminosity of the settling zone arises from the rotational energy of the star
as the star is braked by viscosity; hence the luminosity is independent of
$\dot M$. The settling solution is convectively and viscously stable and is
unlikely to have strong winds or outflows. The flow is thermally unstable, but
the instability may be stabilized by thermal conduction. The settling solution
described here is not advection-dominated, and is thus different from the
self-similar ADAF found around black holes. When the spin of the star is small
enough, however, the present solution transforms smoothly to a (settling) ADAF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2388 </DOCNO>
Electric field gradients in MgB$_2$ synthesized at high pressure:


  We report the high-pressure synthesis of novel superconductor MgB$_2$ and
some related compounds. The superconducting transition temperature of our
samples of MgB$_2$ is equal to 36.6 K. The MgB$_2$ lattice parameters
determined via X-ray diffraction are in excellent agreement with results of our
ab initio calculations. The time-differential perturbed angular correlation
(TDPAC) experiments demonstrate a small increase in quadrupole frequency of
$^111$Cd probe with decreasing temperature from 293 to 4.2 K. The electric
field gradient (EFG) at the B site calculated from first principles is in fair
agreement with EFG obtained from $^11$B NMR spectra of MgB$_2$ reported in the
literature. It is also very close to EFG found in our $^111$Cd TDPAC
measurements, which suggests that the $^111$Cd probe substitutes for boron in
the MgB$_2$ lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75175 </DOCNO>
Power corrections of off-forward quark distributions and harmonic


  A group theoretical procedure for parametrizing non-forward matrix elements
of non-local QCD operators is introduced. The related (two-variable)
distribution amplitudes are given as sum over power corrections of the double
distributions. For totally symmetric (local) operators the infinite twist
decomposition is given completely and for operators with non-trivial symmetry
type up to twist 3. The power corrections for most of the phenomenological
relevant double distributions and the vector meson wave functions are
determined. They may be obtained, by harmonic extension, from the corresponding
operators or distribution amplitudes on the light-cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86176 </DOCNO>
General relativity histories theory: Spacetime diffeomorphisms and the


  We show that representations of the group of spacetime diffeomorphism and the
Dirac algebra both arise in a phase-space histories version of canonical
general relativity. This is the general-relativistic analogue of the novel time
structure introduced previously in history theory: namely, the existence in
non-relativistic physics of two types of time translation; and the existence in
relativistic field theory of two distinct Poincare groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4714 </DOCNO>
Departure from Gaussian: The Waiting time Statistics of X-Ray Solar


  Previous studies of the statistical behavior of solar flare waiting times are
based on the assumptions of Gaussian and Poisson statistics, subject to central
limit theorem restrictions. In this study, the results of a rescaled range
analysis on the waiting times for two hard x-ray solar flare data sets are
presented. The Hurst scaling parameter, H, for both data sets is well above
0.5, clearly indicating that the statistics of the data has departed from
ordinary Brownian motion and is characterized by memory correlations. In
addition, the distribution exponents, mu, when compared to the same values
obtained from the relationship between the scaling parameter and mu for an
asymmetric jump model, reveals that the waiting time distributions are
characterized by L'evy statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99162 </DOCNO>
On Co-H-maps to the Suspension of the Projective Plane


  We study co-H-maps from a suspension to the suspension of the projective
plane and provide examples of non-suspension 3-cell co-H-spaces. These
(infinitely many) examples are related to the homotopy groups of the 3-sphere.
For each element of order 2 in $\pi_n(S^3)$, there is a corresponding
non-suspension co-H-space of cells in dimensions 2, 3 and n+2.
  Our ideas are to study Hopf invariants in combinatorial way by using the
Cohen groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 726 </DOCNO>
The $\pm J $ spin glass in Migdal-Kadanoff approximation


  We study the low-temperature phase of the three-dimensional $\pm J$ Ising
spin glass in Migdal-Kadanoff approximation. At zero temperature, T=0, the
properties of the spin glass result from the ground-state degeneracy and can be
elucidated using scaling arguments based on entropy. The approach to the
asymptotic scaling regime is very slow, and the correct exponents are only
visible beyond system sizes around 64. At T>0, a crossover from the
zero-temperature behaviour to the behaviour expected from the droplet picture
occurs at length scales proportional to $T^{-d_s/2}$ where $d_s$ is the fractal
dimension of a domain wall. Canonical droplet behaviour is not visible at any
temperature for systems whose linear dimension is smaller than 16 lattice
spacings, because the data are either affected by the zero-temperature
behaviour or the critical point behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114151 </DOCNO>
Robust wave function optimization procedures in quantum Monte Carlo


  The energy variance optimization algorithm over a fixed ensemble of
configurations in variational Monte Carlo is formally identical to a problem of
fitting data: we reexamine it from a statistical maximum-likelihood point of
view. We detect the origin of the problem of convergence that is often
encountered in practice and propose an alternative procedure for optimization
of trial wave functions in quantum Monte Carlo. We successfully test this
proposal by optimizing a trial wave function for the Helium trimer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150022 </DOCNO>
The Secret Gauging of Flavor Symmetries in Noncommutative QFT


  We show that flavor 't Hooft anomalies automatically vanish in noncommutative
field theories which are obtained from string theory in the decoupling limit.
We claim that this is because the flavor symmetries are secretly local, because
of coupling to closed string bulk modes. An example is the SU(4) R-symmetry of
N=4 D=4 NCSYM. The gauge fields, along with all closed string bulk modes, are
not on-shell external states but do appear as off-shell intermediate states in
non-planar processes; these closed string modes are thereby holographically
encoded in the NCFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86426 </DOCNO>
The Many Faces of Gravitoelectromagnetism


  The numerous ways of introducing spatial gravitational forces are fit
together in a single framework enabling their interrelationships to be
clarified. This framework is then used to treat the ``acceleration equals
force" equation and gyroscope precession, both of which are then discussed in
the post-Newtonian approximation, followed by a brief examination of the
Einstein equations themselves in that approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3167 </DOCNO>
Potts Model Partition Functions for Self-Dual Families of Strip Graphs


  We consider the $q$-state Potts model on families of self-dual strip graphs
$G_D$ of the square lattice of width $L_y$ and arbitrarily great length $L_x$,
with periodic longitudinal boundary conditions. The general partition function
$Z$ and the T=0 antiferromagnetic special case $P$ (chromatic polynomial) have
the respective forms $\sum_{j=1}^{N_{F,L_y,\lambda}} c_{F,L_y,j}
(\lambda_{F,L_y,j})^{L_x}$, with $F=Z,P$. For arbitrary $L_y$, we determine (i)
the general coefficient $c_{F,L_y,j}$ in terms of Chebyshev polynomials, (ii)
the number $n_F(L_y,d)$ of terms with each type of coefficient, and (iii) the
total number of terms $N_{F,L_y,\lambda}$. We point out interesting connections
between the $n_Z(L_y,d)$ and Temperley-Lieb algebras, and between the
$N_{F,L_y,\lambda}$ and enumerations of directed lattice animals. Exact
calculations of $P$ are presented for $2 \le L_y \le 4$. In the limit of
infinite length, we calculate the ground state degeneracy per site (exponent of
the ground state entropy), $W(q)$. Generalizing $q$ from ${\mathbb Z}_+$ to
${\mathbb C}$, we determine the continuous locus ${\cal B}$ in the complex $q$
plane where $W(q)$ is singular. We find the interesting result that for all
$L_y$ values considered, the maximal point at which ${\cal B}$ crosses the real
$q$ axis, denoted $q_c$ is the same, and is equal to the value for the infinite
square lattice, $q_c=3$. This is the first family of strip graphs of which we
are aware that exhibits this type of universality of $q_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2594 </DOCNO>
Reply to `Comment on "Low-dimensional Bose liquids: beyond the


  This is a published reply to the comment of Bhaduri and Sen, Physical Review
Letters 86, 4708 (2001), cond-mat/0105385, on our original work, Physical
Review Letters 85, 1146 (2000), cond-mat/0002282 . In this reply we point out
that our continuum theory captures the correct physics of non-interacting
fermions in one dimension. In contrast, the two proposed alternative theories
of Bhaduri and Sen produce physically incorrect results. We take this
opportunity to point out that the abstract of cond-mat/0105385 obscures the
contents of the comment and reply. The soliton solutions found in our theory
are the continuum analogs of solitonic states which are known from exact
studies of non-interacting fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85946 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Epicycles : another approach to geodesic deviations


  We solve the geodesic deviation equations for the orbital motions in the
Schwarzschild metric which are close to a circular orbit. It turns out that in
this particular case the equations reduce to a linear system, which after
diagonalization describes just a collection of harmonic oscillators, with two
characteristic frequencies. The new geodesic obtained by adding this solution
to the circular one, describes not only the linear approximation of Kepler's
laws, but gives also the right value of the perihelion advance (in the limit of
almost circular orbits). We derive also the equations for higher-order
deviations and show how these equations lead to better approximations,
including the non-linear effects. The approximate orbital solutions are then
inserted into the quadrupole formula to estimate the gravitational radiation
from non-circular orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86999 </DOCNO>
On the role of conformal three-geometries in the dynamics of General


  It is shown that the Chern-Simons functional, built in the spinor
representation from the initial data on spacelike hypersurfaces, is invariant
with respect to infinitesimal conformal rescalings if and only if the vacuum
Einstein equations are satisfied. As a consequence, we show that in the phase
space the Hamiltonian constraint of vacuum general relativity is the Poisson
bracket of the imaginary part of this Chern-Simons functional and Misner's time
(essentially the 3-volume). Hence the vacuum Hamiltonian constraint is the
condition on the canonical variables that the imaginary part of the Chern-
Simons functional be constant along the volume flow. The vacuum momentum
constraint can also be reformulated in a similar way as a (more complicated)
condition on the change of the imaginary part of the Chern-Simons functional
along the flow of York's time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86486 </DOCNO>
Einstein-Hilbert action on the brane for the bulk graviton


  We find new closed string couplings on Dp-branes for the bosonic string.
These couplings are quadratic in derivatives and therefore take the form of
induced kinetic terms on the brane. For the graviton in particular we find the
induced Einstein-Hilbert term as well as terms quadratic in the second
fundamental tensor. We comment on tachyon dependences of these brane-localized
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95497 </DOCNO>
The Hamilton-Jacobi treatment for an abelian Chern-Simons system


  The abelian Chern-Simons system is treated as a constrained system using the
Hamilton-Jacobi approach. The equations of motion are obtained as total
differential equations in many variables. It is shown that their simultaneous
solutions with the constraints lead to obtain canonical phase space coordinates
and the reduced phase space Hamiltonian with out introducing Lagrange
multipliers and with out any additional gauge fixing condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96894 </DOCNO>
Aging properties of Sinai's model of random walk in random environment


  We study in this short note aging properties of Sinai's (nearest neighbour)
random walk in random environment. With $\PP^o$ denoting the annealed law of
the RWRE $X_n$, our main result is a full proof of the following statement due
to P. Le Doussal, C. Monthus and D. S. Fisher: $$\lim_{\eta\to0}
\lim_{n\to\infty} \PP^o (\frac{|X_{n^h} - X_n|}{(\log n)^2} < \eta) =
\frac{1}{h^2} [ {5/3} - {2/3} e^{-(h-1)} ]. $$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4635 </DOCNO>
Pricing formulas, model error and hedging derivative portfolios


  We propose a method for extending a given asset pricing formula to account
for two additional sources of risk: the risk associated with future changes in
market--calibrated parameters and the remaining risk associated with
idiosyncratic variations in the individual assets described by the formula. The
paper makes simple and natural assumptions for how these risks behave. These
extra risks should always be included when using the formula as a basis for
portfolio management. We investigate an idealized typical portfolio problem,
and argue that a rational and workable trading strategy can be based on
minimizing the quadratic risk over the time intervals between trades. The
example of the variance gamma pricing formula for equity derivatives is
explored, and the method is seen to yield tractable decision strategies in this
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73733 </DOCNO>
Moments of the neutron charge form factor and the N->Delta quadrupole


  Recent data allow a new parametrization of the neutron charge form factor
G_En. A parameter-free quark model relation between G_En and the N->Delta
quadrupole form factor is used to predict the latter from the G_En data. In
particular, the neutron charge radius is related to N->Delta quadrupole moment,
while the fourth moment of G_En connects to the N->Delta quadrupole transition
radius. From the latter we derive an experimental value for the charge radius
of the light constituent quarks. Finally, the C2/M1 ratio in pion
electroproduction is predicted from the elastic neutron form factor data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74014 </DOCNO>
Light Higgs bosons from a strongly interacting Higgs sector


  The mass and the decay width of a Higgs boson in the minimal standard model
are evaluated by a variational method in the limit of strong self-coupling
interaction. The non-perturbative technique provides an interpolation scheme
between strong-coupling regime and weak-coupling limit where the standard
perturbative results are recovered. In the strong-coupling limit the physical
mass and the decay width of the Higgs boson are found to be very small as a
consequence of mass renormalization. Thus it is argued that the eventual
detection of a light Higgs boson would not rule out the existence of a strongly
interacting Higgs sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5531 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Trapped Atomic Gases


  This article reviews recent investigations on the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein
condensation of dilute gases. Since the experimental observation of quantum
degeneracy in atomic gases, the research activity in the field of coherent
matter-waves literally exploded. The present topical review aims to give an
introduction into the thermodynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation, a general
overview over experimental techniques and investigations, and a theoretical
foundation for the description of bosonic many-body quantum systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123971 </DOCNO>
Spatial Diffusion of Stars in the Inner Galactic Bulge


  Star formation in the inner few hundred pc of the Galactic bulge occurs in a
flattened molecular layer called the central molecular zone (CMZ). Serabyn &
Morris (1996) suggest that the star formation in the CMZ has been sustained for
the lifetime of the Galaxy, and that the resulting agglomeration of stars
formed in the CMZ has resulted in the prominent r^-2 stellar density cusp at
the Galactic center having about the same physical extent as the CMZ. This
"central cusp" is somewhat less flat than the CMZ; thus the population of stars
formed in the CMZ appears to have diffused out to larger latitudes. We
hypothesize that such vertical diffusion is driven by the scattering of stars
off the giant molecular clouds (GMC) in the CMZ, and perform numerical
simulations of the scattering between stars and GMCs in the presence of the
non-axisymmetric background potential. The simulation results show that the
time scale for an initially flattened stellar population to achieve an aspect
ratio of the observed OH/IR stars in the inner bulge, 1 to 2 Gyr, agrees well
with the estimated age of those OH/IR stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168760 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamical analogues in quantum information theory


  The first step in quantum information theory is the identification of
entanglement as a valuable resource. The next step is learning how to exploit
this resource efficiently. We learn how to exploit entanglement efficiently by
applying analogues of thermodynamical concepts. These concepts include
reversibility, entropy, and the distinction between intensive and extensive
quantities. We discuss some of these analogues and show how they lead to a
measure of entanglement for pure states. We also ask whether these analogues
are more than analogues, and note that, l o c a l l y, entropy of entanglement
is thermodynamical entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168319 </DOCNO>
Mixedness in Bell-violation vs. Entanglement of Formation


  Recently Munro, Nemoto and White (The Bell Inequality: A measure of
Entanglement?, quant-ph/0102119) tried to indicate that the reason behind a
state rho having higher amount of entanglement (as quantified by the
entanglement of formation) than a state eta, but producing the same amount of
Bell-violation, is due to the fact that the amount of mixedness (as quantified
by the linearised entropy) in rho is higher than that in eta. We counter their
argument with examples. We extend these considerations to the von Neumann
entropy. Our results suggest that the reason as to why equal amount of
Bell-violation requires different amounts of entanglement cannot, at least, be
explained by mixedness alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3295 </DOCNO>
Nonuniversal behavior of scattering between fractional quantum Hall


  Among the predicted properties of fractional quantum Hall states are
fractionally charged quasiparticles and conducting edge-states described as
chiral Luttinger liquids. In a system with a narrow constriction, tunneling of
quasi-particles between states at different edges can lead to resistance and to
shot noise. The ratio of the shot noise to the backscattered current, in the
weak scattering regime, measures the fractional charge of the quasi-particle,
which has been confirmed in several experiments. However, the non-linearity of
the resistance predicted by the chiral Luttinger liquid theory was apparently
not observed in some of these cases. As a possible explanation for these
discrepancies, we consider a model where a smooth edge profile leads to
formation of additional edge states. Coupling between the current carrying edge
mode and the additional phonon like mode can lead to {\it nonuniversal}
exponents in the current-voltage characteristic, while preserving the ratio
between shot noise and the back-scattered current, for weak backscattering. For
special values of the coupling, one may obtain a linear I-V behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41828 </DOCNO>
Eleven Years of QCD at LEP


  Studies of hadronic final states of $e^+e^-$ annihilations, observed at the
Large Electron Positron Collider LEP at CERN, are reviewed. The topics included
cover measurements of $\alpha_s$, hadronic event shapes and hadronisation
studies, tests of asymptotic freedom and of the non-Abelian gauge structure of
QCD, differences between quark and gluon jets, tests of power corrections and
selected results of two-photon scattering processes. The improvements obtained
at LEP are demonstrated by comparing to results from the pre-LEP era. This
article consists of a reproduction of slides presented at the LEPFest in
October 2000, supplemented by a short descriptive text and a list of relevant
references.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1056 </DOCNO>
Spin Effects and Transport in Quantum Dots with overlapping Resonances


  The role of spin is investigated in the transport through a quantum dot with
two overlapping resonances (one having a width larger than the level separation
and the other very narrow, cf. Silvestrov and Imry, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85},
2565 (2000)). For a series of consecutive charging resonances, one electron
from the leads populates one and the same broad level in the dot. Moreover,
there is the tendency to occupy the same level also by the second electron
within the same resonance. This second electron is taken from the narrow levels
in the dot. The narrow levels are populated (and broad level is depopulated)
via sharp rearrangements of the electronic configuration in the Coulomb
blockade valleys. Possible experimental manifestations of this scenario are
considered. Among these there are sharp features in the valleys and in the
Mixed Valence regime and an unusual Kondo effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 909 </DOCNO>
Markov properties of high frequency exchange rate data


  We present a stochastic analysis of a data set consisiting of 10^6 quotes of
the US Doller - German Mark exchange rate. Evidence is given that the price
changes x(tau) upon different delay times tau can be described as a Markov
process evolving in tau. Thus, the tau-dependence of the probability density
function (pdf) p(x) on the delay time tau can be described by a Fokker-Planck
equation, a gerneralized diffusion equation for p(x,tau). This equation is
completely determined by two coefficients D_{1}(x,tau) and D_{2}(x,tau) (drift-
and diffusion coefficient, respectively). We demonstrate how these coefficients
can be estimated directly from the data without using any assumptions or models
for the underlying stochastic process. Furthermore, it is shown that the
solutions of the resulting Fokker-Planck equation describe the empirical pdfs
correctly, including the pronounced tails.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148991 </DOCNO>
1/N corrections to anomalies and the AdS/CFT correspondence for


  We show that for a large class of d=4 N=2 conformal field theories the 1/N
correction to the chiral anomaly of the U(1) R-current can be shown to arise
from the D7-branes present in the dual orientifolded orbifold string theories,
generalizing a result in the literature for the simplest case. We also study
the U(1)_R anomaly for d=4 N=1 conformal field theories that arise from
orientifolds of the conifold. We find agreement between the field- and
string-theoretic calculations, confirming a prediction of the AdS/CFT
correspondence at order 1/N for string theories on AdS_5 x T^{11}/Z_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113887 </DOCNO>
NLC Beam Properties and Extraction Line Performance with Beam Offset at


  Properties of the disrupted NLC beam at the Interaction Point (IP) and
particle loss in the extraction line are analyzed as a function of beam-to-beam
position and angular offset at IP. The simulations show that disruption and
beam loss maximize when the vertical beam separation at IP is about 20 times
the rms vertical beam size. The horizontal offset does not increase the
disruption and the beam loss. The angular offsets cause particle loss in the
extraction line mainly because of the beam orbit oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149833 </DOCNO>
Heterotic String Theory with Background Fluxes


  We discuss compactifications of the heterotic string in the presence of
background fluxes. Specifically we consider compactifications on T^6, T^5, K3 x
T^2 and K3 x S^1 for which we derive the bosonic sector of the low energy
effective action. The consistency with the corresponding gauged supergravities
is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113716 </DOCNO>
Collective Modes in a Dilute Bose-Fermi Mixture


  We here study the collective excitations of a dilute spin-polarized
Bose-Fermi mixture at zero temperature, considering in particular the features
arising from the interaction between the two species. We show that a
propagating zero-sound mode is possible for the fermions even when they do not
interact among themselves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5651 </DOCNO>
Single-Molecule Magnets: Ligand-Induced Core Distortion and Multiple


  The Mn12Ac single-molecule magnet has been converted for the first time into
a form that contains non-carboxylate ligands. Reaction of Mn12Ac with
diphenylphosphinic acid converts it into the title compound in which eight of
the acetate (Ac) groups have been replaced with Ph2PO2 (P) groups. The Mn12AcP
product retains the S=10 ground state and single-molecule magnetism properties
of Mn12Ac, and displays hysteresis loops containing steps due to quantum
tunneling of the magnetization. The crystal structures show that Mn12AcP can
exist in three Jahn-Teller isomeric forms differing in the relative arrangement
of the Mn(III) Jahn-Teller distortion axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95604 </DOCNO>
Little q-Legendre polynomials and irrationality of certain Lambert


  We show how one can obtain rational approximants for $q$-extensions of the
harmonic series and the logarithm (and many other similar quantities) by Pad\'e
approximation using little $q$-Legendre polynomials and we show that properties
of these orthogonal polynomials indeed prove the irrationality, with an upper
bound of the measure of irrationality which is as sharp as the upper bound
given by Bundschuh and V\"a\"an\"anen for the harmonic series and a better
upper bound than the one given by Matala-aho and V\"a\"an\"anen for the
logarithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169082 </DOCNO>
Demonstration of Non-Deterministic Quantum Logic Operations using Linear


  Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn recently showed that non-deterministic quantum
logic operations could be performed using linear optical elements, additional
photons (ancilla), and post-selection based on the output of single-photon
detectors [Nature 409, 46 (2001)]. Here we report the experimental
demonstration of two logic devices of this kind, a destructive controlled-NOT
(CNOT) gate and a quantum parity check. These two devices can be combined with
a pair of entangled photons to implement a conventional (non-destructive) CNOT
that succeeds with a probability of 1/4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129205 </DOCNO>
B-modes in cosmic shear from source redshift clustering


  Weak gravitational lensing by the large scale structure can be used to probe
the dark matter distribution in the Universe directly and thus to probe
cosmological models. The recent detection of cosmic shear by several groups has
demonstrated the feasibility of this new mode of observational cosmology. In
the currently most extensive analysis of cosmic shear, it was found that the
shear field contains unexpected modes, so-called B-modes, which are thought to
be unaccountable for by lensing. B-modes can in principle be generated by an
intrinsic alignment of galaxies from which the shear is measured, or may
signify some remaining systematics in the data reduction and analysis. In this
paper we show that B-modes in fact {\it are produced} by lensing itself. The
effect comes about through the clustering of source galaxies, which in
particular implies an angular separation-dependent clustering in redshift.
After presenting the theory of the decomposition of a general shear field into
E- and B-modes, we calculate their respective power spectra and correlation
functions for a clustered source distribution. Numerical and analytical
estimates of the relative strength of these two modes show that the resulting
B-mode is very small on angular scales larger than a few arcminutes, but its
relative contribution rises quickly towards smaller angular scales, with
comparable power in both modes at a few arcseconds. The relevance of this
effect with regard to the current cosmic shear surveys is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7418 </DOCNO>
Various spin-polarization states beyond the maximum-density droplet: a


  Using variational quantum Monte Carlo method, the effect of Landau-level
mixing on the lowest-energy--state diagram of small quantum dots is studied in
the magnetic field range where the density of magnetic flux quanta just exceeds
the density of electrons. An accurate analytical many-body wave function is
constructed for various angular momentum and spin states in the lowest Landau
level, and Landau-level mixing is then introduced using a Jastrow factor. The
effect of higher Landau levels is shown to be significant; the transition lines
are shifted considerably towards higher values of magnetic field and certain
lowest-energy states vanish altogether.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168560 </DOCNO>
Complete solution of the Schr\"odinger equation for the time-dependent


  The complete solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation for a particle with
time-dependent mass moving in a time-dependent linear potential are presented.
One solution is based on the wave function of the plane wave, and the other is
with the form of the Airy function. A comparison is made between the present
solution and former ones to show the completeness of the present solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3815 </DOCNO>
Critical couplings in Crystalline Color superconductivity


  Solving the Schwinger-Dyson equations, we analyze the pairing of quarks in
asymmetric quark matter where quarks have different chemical potentials. We
show that in the asymmetric quark matter a crystalline color-superconducting
gap opens when the quark coupling is stronger than a critical value. The
critical coupling is nonzero, since the infrared divergence is lessened when
the momenta of pairing quarks are not opposite. The superconducting gaps and
the critical couplings are calculated both at high and intermediate densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128536 </DOCNO>
Ices in Star-Forming Regions: First Results from VLT-ISAAC


  The first results from a VLT-ISAAC program on L- and M-band infrared
spectroscopy of deeply-embedded young stellar objects are presented. The advent
of 8-m class telescopes allows high S/N spectra of low-luminosity sources to be
obtained. In our first observing run, low- and medium-resolution spectra have
been measured toward a dozen objects, mostly in the Vela and Chamaeleon
molecular clouds. The spectra show strong absorption of H2O and CO ice, as well
as weak features at `3.47' and 4.62 mu. No significant solid CH3OH feature at
3.54 mu is found, indicating that the CH3OH/H2O ice abundance is lower than
toward some massive protostars. Various evolutionary diagnostics are
investigated for a set of sources in Vela.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127450 </DOCNO>
The youngest massive star clusters in the Magellanic Clouds


  High resolution observations with HST have recently allowed us to resolve and
study several very tight clusters of newly born massive stars in the Magellanic
Clouds. Situated in an extremely rare category of HII regions, being only 5 to
10 arcsecs across and of high excitation and extinction, these stars are just
hatching from their natal molecular clouds. Since the SMC is the most
metal-poor galaxy observable with very high angular resolution, this work may
provide valuable templates for addressing issues of star formation in the very
distant metal-poor galaxies of the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168146 </DOCNO>
Ghost Diffraction: Causal Explanation via Correlated Trajectory


  We use trajectory calculations to successfully explain two-photon "ghost"
diffraction, a phenomenon previously explained via quantum mechanical
entanglement. The diffraction patterns are accumulated one photon pair at a
time. The calculations are based on initial correlation of the trajectories in
the crystal source and a trajectory-wave ordering interaction with a variant
generator inherent in its structure. Details are presented in comparison with
ordinary diffraction calculated with the same trajectory model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129460 </DOCNO>
System to estimate ages and redshifts for radio galaxies


  The system allowing a user to operate with simulated curves of spectral
energy distribution (SED) and to estimate ages and redshifts by photometric
data at server {\bf sed.sao.ru} is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149569 </DOCNO>
Role of the imaginary part in the Moyal quantization


  We show that the imaginary part of the $\star$-genvalue equation in the Moyal
quantization reveals the symmetries of the Hamiltonian by which we obtain the
conserved quantities. Applying to the Toda lattice equation, we derive
conserved quantities which are used as the independent variables of Wigner
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3306 </DOCNO>
Consequence of superfluidity on the expansion of a rotating


  We study the time evolution of a rotating condensate, that expands after
being suddenly released from the confining trap, by solving the hydrodynamic
equations of irrotational superfluids. For slow initial rotation speeds,
$\Omega_{0}$, we find that the condensate's angular velocity increases rapidly
to a maximum value and this is accompanied by a minimum in the deformation of
the condensate in the rotating plane. During the expansion the sample makes a
global rotation of approximately $\pi/2$, where the exact value depends on
$\Omega_{0}$. This minimum deformation can serve as an easily detectable
signature of superfluidity in a Bose--Einstein condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73413 </DOCNO>
Energy Dependence of the Contribution of Pion Exchange to


  We study the energy dependence of the contribution of pion exchange to
large-rapidity-gap events in deep inelastic scattering. The results show that
this contribution can be quite significant at low energy and that the LRG
events observed by E665 collaboration in \mu Xe and \mu D interactions at 490
$GeV$ can be reasonably well described in terms of meson exchange. We also show
that the distribution of the maximum rapidity for all hadrons is quite
different from that for charged hadrons only and that the former exhibits also
shoulder-like structure for events at 490 $GeV$ similar to that at HERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99070 </DOCNO>
A Class of Matrix-Valued Schr\"odinger Operators with Prescribed


  We construct a class of matrix-valued Schr\"odinger operators with prescribed
finite-band spectra of maximum spectral multiplicity. The corresponding matrix
potentials are shown to be stationary solutions of the KdV hierarchy. The
methods employed in this paper rely on matrix-valued Herglotz functions,
Weyl--Titchmarsh theory, pencils of matrices, and basic inverse spectral theory
for matrix-valued Schr\"odinger operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97381 </DOCNO>
Deformation and rigidity of simplicial group actions on trees


  By a G-tree we mean a simplicial tree with an action by a group G, without
inversions. We study conditions under which a G-tree is uniquely determined by
G alone. Our method is to consider a notion of deformation for G-trees. There
are several equivalent conditions characterizing when two G-trees are related
by a deformation. We then show that if a G-tree X is "strongly slide-free," it
is the unique such tree among all trees deformation-equivalent to X. These
methods allow us to extend the rigidity theorem of Bass and Lubotzky to G-trees
that are not locally finite. We also apply the results to generalized
Baumslag-Solitar groups, yielding canonical decompositions for a large class of
these groups. Finally we show that strongly slide-free G-trees are
quasi-isometrically rigid, in the equivariant sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97172 </DOCNO>
Countable Support Iteration Revisited


  Whenever P is a proper definable forcing for adding a real, the countable
support iteration of P has all the preservation properties it can possibly
have, within a wide syntactically identified class of properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87048 </DOCNO>
Sectors of solutions in three-dimensional gravity and Black Holes


  We examine the connection between three dimensional gravity with negative
cosmological constant and two-dimensional CFT via the Chern-Simons formulation.
A set of generalized spectral flow transformations are shown to yield new
sectors of solutions. One implication is that the microscopic calculation of
the entropy of the Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole is corrected by
a multiplicative factor with the result that it saturates the
Bekenstein-Hawking expression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148395 </DOCNO>
Open string decoupling and tachyon condensation


  The amplitudes in perturbative open string theory are examined as functions
of the tachyon condensate parameter. The boundary state formalism demonstrates
the decoupling of the open string modes at the non-perturbative minima of the
tachyon potential via a degeneration of open world-sheets and identifies an
independence of the coupling constants $g_s$ and $g_{YM}$ at general values of
the tachyon condensate. The closed sector is generated at the quantum level; it
is also generated at the classical level through the condensation of the
propagating open string modes on the D-brane degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113684 </DOCNO>
Capture Velocity for a Magneto-Optical Trap in a Broad Range of Light


  In a recent paper, we have used the dark-spot Zeeman tuned slowing technique
[Phys. Rev. A 62, 013404-1, (2000)] to measure the capture velocity as a
function of laser intensity for a sodium magneto optical trap. Due to technical
limitation we explored only the low light intensity regime, from 0 to 27
mW/cm^2. Now we complement that work measuring the capture velocity in a
broader range of light intensities (from 0 to 400 mW/cm^2). New features,
observed in this range, are important to understant the escape velocity
behavior, which has been intensively used in the interpretation of cold
collisions. In particular, we show in this brief report that the capture
velocity has a maximum as function of the trap laser intensity, which would
imply a minimum in the trap loss rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41140 </DOCNO>
CMD-2 Detector Upgrade


  The project of upgrading the detector CMD-2 is presented. The upgraded
detector is called CMD-2M and is going to take data with new collider VEPP-2000
at BINP. The general structure of the detector CMD-2 will remain as is but
major parameters of the detector, such as momentum and angular resolution for
charged particle and energy and spatial resolution for photons, will be
substantially improved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97557 </DOCNO>
Unbounded Fredholm Operators and Spectral Flow


  We study the gap (= "projection norm" = "graph norm") topology of the space
of (not necessarily bounded) self--adjoint Fredholm operators in a separable
Hilbert space by the Cayley transform and direct methods. In particular, we
show that the space is connected contrary to the bounded case. Moreover, we
present a rigorous definition of spectral flow of a path of such operators
(actually alternative but mutually equivalent definitions) and prove the
homotopy invariance. As an example, we discuss operator curves on manifolds
with boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 176 </DOCNO>
An Electromechanical Which-Path Interferometer


  We investigate the possibility of an electromechanical which-path
interferometer, in which electrons travelling through an Aharonov-Bohm ring
incorporating a quantum dot in one of the arms are dephased by an interaction
with the fundamental flexural mode of a radio frequency cantilever. The
cantilever is positioned so that its tip lies just above the dot and a bias is
applied so that an electric field exists between the dot and the tip. This
electric field is modified when an additional electron hops onto the dot,
coupling the flexural mode of the cantilever and the microscopic electronic
degrees of freedom. We analyze the transmission properties of this system and
the dependence of interference fringe visibility on the cantilever-dot coupling
and on the mechanical properties of the cantilever. The fringes are
progressively destroyed as the interaction with the cantilever is turned up, in
part due to dephasing arising from the entanglement of the electron and
cantilever states and also due to the thermal smearing that results from
fluctuations in the state of the cantilever. When the dwell time of the
electron on the dot is comparable to or longer than the cantilever period, we
find coherent features in the transmission amplitude. These features are washed
out when the cantilever is decohered by its coupling to the environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124741 </DOCNO>
Early afterglows as probes for the reionization epoch


  The nature of Gamma-Ray Burst progenitors is still a debated issue, but
consensus is growing on the association of GRBs with massive stars.
Furthermore, current models for the reionization of the universe consider
massive Pop--III stars as the sources of the ionizing photons. There could then
be a natural link between GRBs and reionization. The reionization epoch can be
measured through prompt IR spectral observations of high redshift GRBs. For
this, GRBs are better than quasars: they produce a smaller HII region even if
they are much brighter than quasars (but for a much shorter time) and then,
contrary to quasars, they do not modify the absorption properties of the
surrounding IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98364 </DOCNO>
Topological classification of generic real rational functions


  To any real rational function with generic ramification points we assign a
combinatorial object, called a garden, which consists of a weighted labeled
directed planar chord diagram and of a set of weighted rooted trees each
corresponding to a face of the diagram. We prove that any garden corresponds to
a generic real rational function, and that equivalent functions have equivalent
gardens.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150126 </DOCNO>
Phase Space Geometry in Classical and Quantum Mechanics


  Phase space is the state space of classical mechanics, and this manifold is
normally endowed only with a symplectic form. The geometry of quantum mechanics
is necessarily more complicated. Arguments will be given to show that
augmenting the symplectic manifold of classical phase space with a Riemannian
metric is sufficient for describing quantum mechanics. In particular, using
such spaces, a fully satisfactory geometric version of quantization will be
developed and described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179658 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of Hadronization Stage in Pb+Pb Collisions at 158A GeV/c


  Recent data on hadron multiplicities in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A
GeV/c at mid-rapidity are analyzed within the concept of chemical freeze-out. A
non-uniformity of the baryon chemical potential along the beam axis is taken
into account. An approximate analytical solution of the hydrodynamic equations
for a chemically frozen Boltzmann-like gas is found. The Cauchy conditions for
hydrodynamic evolution of the hadron resonance gas are fixed at the thermal
freeze-out hypersurface from analysis of one-particle momentum spectra and HBT
correlations. The proper time of chemical freeze-out and physical conditions at
the hadronization stage, such as energy density and averaged transverse
velocity, are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149913 </DOCNO>
A Note on a Proposal for the Tachyon State in Vacuum String Field Theory


  We discuss the proposal of Hata and Kawano for the tachyon fluctuation around
a solution of vacuum string field theory representing a D25 brane. We give a
conformal field theory construction of their state -- a local insertion of a
tachyon vertex operator on the sliver surface state, and explain why the
on-shell momentum condition emerges correctly. We also show that a naive
computation of the D25-brane tension using data for the three point coupling of
this state gives an answer that is $(\pi^2/3)(16/27\ln 2)^3 \simeq 2.0558$
times the expected answer. We demonstrate that this problem arises because the
HK state does not satisfy the equations of motion in a strong sense required
for the computation of D-brane tension from the on-shell 3-tachyon coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123796 </DOCNO>
Redshifts and Luminosities for 112 Gamma Ray Bursts


  Two different luminosity indicators have recently been proposed for Gamma Ray
Bursts that use gamma-ray observations alone. They relate the burst luminosity
(L) with the time lag between peaks in hard and soft energies, and the
spikiness or variability of the burst's light curve (V). These relations are
currently justified and calibrated with only 6 or 7 bursts with known red
shifts. We have examined BATSE data for the lag and V for 112 bursts. (1) A
strong correlation between the lag and V exists, and it is exactly as predicted
from the two proposed relations. This is proof that both luminosity indicators
are reliable. (2) GRB830801 is the all-time brightest burst, yet with a small V
and a large lag, and hence is likely the closest known event being perhaps as
close as 3.2 Mpc. (3) We have combined the luminosities as derived from both
indicators as a means to improve the statistical and systematic accuracy when
compared with the accuracy from either method alone. The result is a list of
112 bursts with good luminosities and hence red shifts. (4) The burst averaged
hardness ratio rises strongly with the luminosity of the burst. (5) The burst
luminosity function is a broken power law, with the break at L = 2x10^{52}
erg/s. The luminosity function has power law indices of -2.8+-0.2 above the
break and -1.7+-0.1 below the break. (6) The number density of GRBs varies with
red shift roughly as (1+z)^(2.5+-0.3) between 0.2<z<5. Excitingly, this result
also provides a measure of the star formation rate out to z~5 with no effects
from reddening, and the rate is rising uniformly for red shifts above 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96558 </DOCNO>
On a Question of Arveson about Ranks of Hilbert modules


  It's well known that the functional Hilbert space over the unit ball in
$B_{d} \in C^d$, with kernel function $K(z,w)=\frac{1}{1-z_{1}w_{1}-...
-z_{d}w_{d}}$, admits a natural $A(B_{d})$-module structure. We show the rank
of a nonzero submodule is infinity if and only if the submodule is of infinite
codimension. Together with Arveson's dilation theory, our result shows that
Hilbert modules stand in stark contrast with Hilbert basis theorem for
algebraic modules. This result answers a question of Arveson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95620 </DOCNO>
Computer Algebra of Vector Bundles, Foliations and Zeta Functions and a


  We present some methods and results in the application of algebraic geometry
and computer algebra to the study of algebraic vector bundles, foliations and
zeta functions. A connection of the methods and results with noncommutative
geometry will be consider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4695 </DOCNO>
p-wave Cooper Pairing of Fermions in Mixtures of Dilute Fermi and Bose


  We predict a p-wave Cooper pairing of the spin-polarized fermions in a binary
fermion-boson mixture due to the exchange of density fluctuations of the
bosonic medium. We then examine the dependence of the Cooper paring temperature
on the parameters of the system. We finally estimate the effect of combining
the boson-induced interaction with other pairing mechanisms, e.g the
Kohn-Luttinger one, and find that the critical temperature of p-wave Cooper
pairing can be realistic for experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129319 </DOCNO>
First XMM-Newton observations of strongly magnetic cataclysmic variables


  XMM-Newton was used to observe two eclipsing, magnetic cataclysmic variables,
DP Leo and WW Hor, continuously for three orbital cycles each. Both systems
were in an intermediate state of accretion. For WW Hor we also obtained optical
light curves with the XMM-Newton Optical Monitor and from ground-based
observations. Our analysis of the X-ray and optical light curves allows us to
constrain physical and geometrical parameters of the accretion regions and
derive orbital parameters and eclipse ephemerides of the systems. For WW Hor we
directly measure horizontal and vertical temperature variations in the
accretion column. From comparisons with previous observations we find that
changes in the accretion spot longitude are correlated with the accretion rate.
For DP Leo the shape of the hard X-ray light curve is not as expected for
optically thin emission, showing the importance of optical depth effects in the
post-shock region. We find that the spin period of the white dwarf is slightly
shorter than the orbital period and that the orbital period is decreasing
faster than expected for energy loss by gravitational radiation alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113906 </DOCNO>
New 357 MHz Sub Harmonic Buncher


  KEK-ATF is doing R&D establishing high-current and low-emittance electron
beam for the future linear colliders. In ATF, 15 ps length electron beam is
generated by combination of a thermionic gun, a couple of 357 MHz SHBs, and a
S-band TW buncher. In the linac, beam instability caused by the fluctuated
amplitude and phase of SHBs has been observed. The reason of the fluctuation is
considered to be the multi-pacting in the SHB cavity. In addition, Q value of
the cavity is almost half of the designed value, then SHBs are not operated in
an optimum condition. We have fabricated new SHBs with considerations avoiding
the multi-pacting and recovering Q value. A simulation shows that bunching
quality is improved with the new SHB cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95463 </DOCNO>
A combinatorial study of multiplexes and ordinary polytopes


  Bisztriczky defines a multiplex as a generalization of a simplex, and an
ordinary polytope as a generalization of a cyclic polytope. This paper presents
results concerning the combinatorics of multiplexes and ordinary polytopes. The
flag vector of the multiplex is computed, and shown to equal the flag vector of
a many-folded pyramid over a polygon. Multiplexes, but not other ordinary
polytopes, are shown to be elementary. It is shown that all complete subgraphs
of the graph of a multiplex determine faces of the multiplex. The toric
h-vectors of the ordinary 5-dimensional polytopes are given. Graphs of ordinary
polytopes are studied. Their chromatic numbers and diameters are computed, and
they are shown to be Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1625 </DOCNO>
Non-exponential decays and nonextensivity


  We demonstrate that non-exponential decays of unstable systems can be
understood as yet another example of nonextensivity encountered in many
physical systems and as such can be characterized by the nonextensivity
parameter q.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149427 </DOCNO>
Ward Identities and Renormalization of General Gauge Theories


  We introduce the concept of general gauge theory which includes Yang-Mills
models. In the framework of the causal approach and show that the anomalies can
appear only in the vacuum sector of the identities obtained from the gauge
invariance condition by applying derivatives with respect to the basic fields.
Then we provide a general result about the absence of anomalies in higher
orders of perturbation theory. This result reduces the renormalizability proof
to the study of lower orders of perturbation theory. For the Yang-Mills model
one can perform this computation explicitly and obtains its renormalizability
in all orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124090 </DOCNO>
3-D ionization structure (in stereoscopic view) of Planetary Nebulae:


  Long-slit echellograms of the high excitation planetary nebula NGC1501,
reduced according to the methodology developed by Sabbadin et al. (2000a, b),
allowed us to obtain the ``true'' distribution of the ionized gas in the eight
nebular slices covered by the spectroscopic slit. A 3-D rendering procedure is
described and applied, which assembles the tomographic maps and rebuilds the
spatial structure. The images of NGC 1501, as seen in 12 directions separated
by 15 deg, form a series of stereoscopic pairs giving surprising 3-D views in
as many directions. The main nebula consists of an almost oblate ellipsoid of
moderate ellipticity (a=44 arcsec, a/b=1.02, a/c=1.11), brighter in the
equatorial belt, deformed by several bumps, and embedded in a quite
homogeneous, inwards extended cocoon. Some reliability tests are applied to the
rebuilt nebula; the radial matter profile, the small scale density fluctuations
and the 2-D (morphology) - 3-D (structure) correlation are presented and
analysed. The wide applications of the 3-D reconstruction to the morphology,
physical conditions, ionization parameters and evolutionary status of expanding
nebulae in general (planetary nebulae, nova and supernova remnants, shells
around Population I Wolf-Rayet stars, nebulae ejected by symbiotic stars,
bubbles surrounding early spectral type main sequence stars etc.) are
introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5771 </DOCNO>
Microscopic phase separation in the overdoped region of high-Tc cuprate


  We propose a phenomenological model for high-$T_{c}$ superconductors (HTSC)
assuming: (1) a microscopic phase separation between superconducting and
normal-metal areas in the overdoped region; and (2) existence of a homogeneous
superconducting phase only below the pseudo-gap $T^{*}$ line, which shows a
sharp reduction towards $T^{*}\sim 0$ at a mildly overdoped critical
concentration $x_{c}$. This model explains anomalous doping and temperature
dependences of $n_{s}/m^{*}$ (superconducting carrier density / effective mass)
observed in several overdoped HTSC systems. We point out an analogy to
superfluid $^{4}$He/$^{3}$He films, and discuss an energetic origin of
microscopic phase separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129188 </DOCNO>
Testing the line-driven disk wind model: time-resolved UV spectroscopy


  To confront the predictions of the most recent line-driven disk wind models
with observational evidence, we have obtained HST STIS (1180--1700A) echelle
spectra of the nova-like variables IX Vel and V3885 Sgr at three epochs. The
targets were observed in timetag mode for ~2000sec on each occasion, allowing
us to study the spectral time evolution on timescales down to ~10sec. The mean
UV spectra are characterised by the wind signature of broad blueshifted
absorption in Lya, NV1240, SiIV1398, CIV1549 and HeII1640. There is very little
redshifted emission other than in CIV. Narrow blueshifted absorption dips,
superposed on the broad absorption at around -900km/s, accompany periods of
well-developed wind activity. The continuum level and mean line profiles vary
markedly from observation to observation -- with the wind signatures almost
disappearing in one epoch of observation of IX Vel. The strong positive
correlation between UV brightness and wind activity predicted by line-driven
disk wind models is disobeyed by both binaries. The wind signatures in IX Vel's
UV spectrum are revealed to be remarkably steady on timescales ranging from ~10
to ~1000sec. More variability is seen in V3885 Sgr, the binary with the lower
opacity outflow. But there is only one epoch in which the line profile changes
significantly in ~100sec or less. Narrow absorption dips, when present, show
only smooth, small changes in velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6031 </DOCNO>
Statistics of Multiple Sign Changes in a Discrete Non-Markovian Sequence


  We study analytically the statistics of multiple sign changes in a discrete
non-Markovian sequence ,\psi_i=\phi_i+\phi_{i-1} (i=1,2....,n) where \phi_i's
are independent and identically distributed random variables each drawn from a
symmetric and continuous distribution \rho(\phi). We show that the probability
P_m(n) of m sign changes upto n steps is universal, i.e., independent of the
distribution \rho(\phi). The mean and variance of the number of sign changes
are computed exactly for all n>0. We show that the generating function {\tilde
P}(p,n)=\sum_{m=0}^{\infty}P_m(n)p^m\sim \exp[-\theta_d(p)n] for large n where
the `discrete' partial survival exponent \theta_d(p) is given by a nontrivial
formula, \theta_d(p)=\log[{{\sin}^{-1}(\sqrt{1-p^2})}/{\sqrt{1-p^2}}] for 0\le
p\le 1. We also show that in the natural scaling limit when m is large, n is
large but but keeping x=m/n fixed, P_m(n)\sim \exp[-n \Phi(x)] where the large
deviation function \Phi(x) is computed. The implications of these results for
Ising spin glasses are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3039 </DOCNO>
Vortex energy and vortex bending for a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate


  For a Bose-Einstein condensate placed in a rotating trap, we give a
simplified expression of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy in the Thomas Fermi
regime, which only depends on the number and shape of the vortex lines.
  Then we check numerically that when there is one vortex line, our simplified
expression leads to solutions with a bent vortex for a range of rotationnal
velocities and trap parameters which are consistent with the experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86242 </DOCNO>
Relativity of motion in quantum vacuum


  The problem of relativity of motion in quantum vacuum is addressed by
considering a cavity moving in vacuum in a monodimensional space. The cavity is
an open system which emits photons when it oscillates in vacuum. Qualitatively
new effects like pulse shaping in the time domain and frequency conversion in
the spectrum may help to discrimate motion-induced radiation from potential
stray effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114524 </DOCNO>
An Exactly Conservative Integrator for the n-Body Problem


  The two-dimensional n-body problem of classical mechanics is a non-integrable
Hamiltonian system for n > 2. Traditional numerical integration algorithms,
which are polynomials in the time step, typically lead to systematic drifts in
the computed value of the total energy and angular momentum. Even symplectic
integration schemes exactly conserve only an approximate Hamiltonian. We
present an algorithm that conserves the true Hamiltonian and the total angular
momentum to machine precision. It is derived by applying conventional
discretizations in a new space obtained by transformation of the dependent
variables. We develop the method first for the restricted circular three-body
problem, then for the general two-dimensional three-body problem, and finally
for the planar n-body problem. Jacobi coordinates are used to reduce the
two-dimensional n-body problem to an (n-1)-body problem that incorporates the
constant linear momentum and center of mass constraints. For the n-body
problem, we find that a larger time step can be used with our conservative
algorithm than with symplectic and conventional integrators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 605 </DOCNO>
Lattice anisotropy as microscopic origin of static stripes in cuprates


  Structural distortions in cuprate materials offer a microscopic origin for
anisotropies in electron transport in the basal plane. Using a real-space
Hartree-Fock approach, we consider the ground states of the anisotropic Hubbard
(t_x \ne t_y) and t-J (t_x \ne t_y, J_x \ne J_y) models. Symmetrical but
inhomogeneous (``polaronic'') charge structures in the isotropic models are
altered even by rather small anisotropies to one-dimensional, stripe-like
features. We find two distinct types of stripe, namely uniformly filled,
antiphase domain walls and non-uniform, half-filled, in-phase ones. We
characterize their properties, energies and dependence on the model parameters,
including filling and anisotropy in t (and J). We discuss the connections among
these results, other theoretical studies and experimental observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74473 </DOCNO>
The QCD Membrane


  In this paper we study spatially quenched, SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in the
large-N limit. The resulting reduced action shows the same formal look as the
Banks-Fischler-Shenker-Susskind M-theory action. The Weyl-Wigner-Moyal symbol
of this matrix model is the Moyal deformation of a p(=2)-brane action. Thus,
the large-N limit of the spatially quenched SU(N) Yang-Mills is seen to
describe a dynamical membrane. By assuming spherical symmetry we compute the
mass spectrum of this object in the WKB approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4113 </DOCNO>
Generalized empty-interval method applied to a class of one-dimensional


  In this work we study, on a finite and periodic lattice, a class of
one-dimensional (bimolecular and single-species) reaction-diffusion models
which cannot be mapped onto free-fermion models.
 We extend the conventional empty-interval method, also called
 {\it interparticle distribution function} (IPDF) method, by introducing a
string function, which is simply related to relevant physical quantities.
 As an illustration, we specifically consider a model which cannot be solved
directly by the conventional IPDF method and which can be viewed as a
generalization of the {\it voter} model and/or as an {\it epidemic} model. We
also consider the {\it reversible} diffusion-coagulation model with input of
particles and determine other reaction-diffusion models which can be mapped
onto the latter via suitable {\it similarity transformations}.
 Finally we study the problem of the propagation of a wave-front from an
inhomogeneous initial configuration and note that the mean-field scenario
predicted by Fisher's equation is not valid for the one-dimensional
(microscopic) models under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73404 </DOCNO>
A study of spacetime distortion around a scattered recoiling D-particle


  We study a four-dimensional spacetime induced by the recoil of a
D(irichlet)-particle, embeded in it, due to scattering by a moving string. The
induced spacetime has curvature only up to a radius that depends on the energy
of the incident string. Outside that region (`bubble') the spacetime is matched
with the Minkowski spacetime. The interior of the bubble is consistent with the
effective field theory obtained from strings, with non-trivial tachyon-like and
antisymmetric tensor fields (in four dimensions the latter gives rise to an
axion pseudoscalar field). The tachyonic mode, however, does not represent the
standard flat-spacetime string tachyon, but merely expresses the instability of
the distorted spacetime. Due to the non-trivial matter content of the interior
of the bubble, there is entropy production, which expresses the fact that
information is carried away by the recoil degrees of freedom. We also
demonstrate that a particle can be captured by the bubble, depending on the
particle's impact parameter. This will result in information loss for an
external asymptotic observer, corresponding to production of entropy
propotional to the area of the bubble. For the validity of our approach it is
essential that the string length is a few orders of magnitude larger than the
Planck length, which is a typical situation encountered in many D-brane-world
models. A very interesting feature of our model is the emission of high-energy
photons from the unstable bubble, which might be related to the observed
apparent ``violations'' of the GZK cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123766 </DOCNO>
Automated spectral extraction for high multiplexing MOS and IFU


  VIMOS main distinguishing characteristic is its very high multiplex
capability: in MOS mode up to 800 spectra can be acquired simultaneously, while
the Integral Field Unit produces 6400 spectra to obtain integral field
spectroscopy of an area approximately 1x1 arcmin in size. To successfully
exploit the capabilities of such an instrument it is necessary to expedite as
much as possible the analysis of the very large volume of data that it will
produce, automating almost completely the basic data reduction and the related
bookkeeping process. The VIMOS Data Reduction Software (DRS) has been designed
specifically to satisfy these two requirements. A complete automation is
achieved using a series of auxiliary tables that store all the input
information needed by the data reduction procedures, and all the output
information that they produce. We expect to achieve a satisfactory data
reduction for more than 90% of the input spectra, while some level of human
intervention might be required for a small fraction of them to complete the
data reduction. The DRS procedures can be used as a stand-alone package, but
are also being incorporated within the VIMOS pipeline under development at the
European Southern Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98648 </DOCNO>
Subadjunction theorem for pluricanonical divisors


  We prove a subadjunction theorem which relates the multi-adjoint linear
system of the ambient space and the linear system of the restricted bundle on a
subvariety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95768 </DOCNO>
Mixing times of lozenge tiling and card shuffling Markov chains


  We show how to combine Fourier analysis with coupling arguments to bound the
mixing times of a variety of Markov chains. The mixing time is the number of
steps a Markov chain takes to approach its equilibrium distribution. One
application is to a class of Markov chains introduced by Luby, Randall, and
Sinclair to generate random tilings of regions by lozenges. For an L X L region
we bound the mixing time by O(L^4 log L), which improves on the previous bound
of O(L^7), and we show the new bound to be essentially tight. In another
application we resolve a few questions raised by Diaconis and Saloff-Coste, by
lower bounding the mixing time of various card-shuffling Markov chains. Our
lower bounds are within a constant factor of their upper bounds. When we use
our methods to modify a path-coupling analysis of Bubley and Dyer, we obtain an
O(n^3 log n) upper bound on the mixing time of the Karzanov-Khachiyan Markov
chain for linear extensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7319 </DOCNO>
Globally and Locally Minimal Weight Spanning Tree Networks


  The competition between local and global driving forces is significant in a
wide variety of naturally occurring branched networks. We have investigated the
impact of a global minimization criterion versus a local one on the structure
of spanning trees. To do so, we consider two spanning tree structures - the
generalized minimal spanning tree (GMST) defined by Dror et al. [1] and an
analogous structure based on the invasion percolation network, which we term
the generalized invasive spanning tree or GIST. In general, these two
structures represent extremes of global and local optimality, respectively.
Structural characteristics are compared between the GMST and GIST for a fixed
lattice. In addition, we demonstrate a method for creating a series of
structures which enable one to span the range between these two extremes. Two
structural characterizations, the occupied edge density (i.e., the fraction of
edges in the graph that are included in the tree) and the tortuosity of the
arcs in the trees, are shown to correlate well with the degree to which an
intermediate structure resembles the GMST or GIST. Both characterizations are
straightforward to determine from an image and are potentially useful tools in
the analysis of the formation of network structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97726 </DOCNO>
Dynamical systems admitting normal shift and wave equations


  High frequency limit for most of wave phenomena is known as quasiclassical
limit or ray optics limit. Propagation of waves in this limit is described in
terms of wave fronts and rays. Wave front is a surface of constant phase whose
points are moving along rays. As it appears, their motion can be described by
Hamilton equations being special case for Newton's equations. In simplest cases
(e. g. light propagation in isotropic non-homogeneous refracting media) the
dynamics of points preserves orthogonality of wave front and rays. This
property was generalized in the theory of dynamical systems admitting normal
shift of hypersurfaces. In present paper inverse problem is studied, i. e. the
problem of reconstructing wave equation corresponding wave front dynamics for
which is described by Newtonian dynamical system admitting normal shift of
hypersurfaces in Riemannian manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168390 </DOCNO>
Experimental realization of quantum games on a quantum computer


  We generalize the quantum Prisoner's Dilemma to the case where the players
share a non maximally entangled states. We show that the game exhibits an
intriguing structure as a function of the amount of entanglement with two
thresholds which separate a classical region, an intermediate region and a
fully quantum region. Furthermore this quantum game is experimentally realized
on our nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125291 </DOCNO>
Production of A=6,7 Nuclides in the Alpha + Alpha Reaction and Cosmic


  Cross sections for production of 6He, 6Li, 7Li, and 7Be in the alpha+alpha
reaction were measured at bombarding energies of 159.3, 279.6, and 619.8 MeV,
and are found to decrease rapidly with increasing energy. These cross sections
are essential for the calculation of the rate of nucleosynthesis of the lithium
isotopes in the cosmic rays and thereby play a key role in our understanding of
the synthesis of Li, Be, and B. The results for 6Li differ significantly from
the tabulated values commonly used in cosmic-ray production calculations and
lead to lower production of 6Li.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174759 </DOCNO>
The Thermal Phase Transition in Nuclear Multifragmentation: The Role of


  A systematic analysis of the moments of the fragment size distribution has
been carried out for the multifragmentation (MF)of 1A GeV Au, La, and Kr on
carbon. The breakup of Au and La is consistent with a continuous thermal phase
transition. The data indicate that the excitation energy per nucleon and
isotopic temperature at the critical point decrease with increasing system
size. This trend is attributed primarily to the increasing Coulomb energy with
finite size effects playing a smaller role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73355 </DOCNO>
Zee model and phenomenology of lepton sector


  The virtual effects of the Zee charged scalar boson on the
lepton-family-number (LFN) violating processes are studied. We obtain the
constraints on the individual Yukawa coupling constants of the Zee boson to
leptons. Using these constraints, we predict the upper bounds on the
muonium-antimuonium conversion probability, the branching fractions of the LFN
violating decays such as $\tau \to e\gamma$, $\tau \to \mu\gamma$, $\tau^- \to
\mu^+e^-e^-$ and $\tau \to e^+\mu^-\mu^-$. The contribution of the Zee boson to
the muon anomalous magnetic moment is also considered

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95529 </DOCNO>
Problems and progress: survey on fat points in P2


  This paper surveys certain problems involving numerical characters for ideals
I(Z) defining fat points subschemes $Z=m_1p_1+...+m_np_n$ for general points
$p_i\in {\bf P}^2$. It also presents some new results, and includes a suite of
MACAULAY 2 scripts for computing actual or conjectured values of (or bounds on)
these characters. One such script, for example, is findres, which implements an
algorithm due to Fitchett, Harbourne and Holay for computing the syzygy modules
in a minimal free resolution of the ideal I(Z) for any such Z with n<=8; since
findres does not rely on a Gr\"obner basis calculation, it is very fast and can
handle very large multiplicities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95426 </DOCNO>
Exact interval solutions to the discrete Bellman equation and polynomial


  In this note we construct a solution of a matrix interval linear equation of
the form X=AX+B (the discrete stationary Bellman equation) over partially
ordered semirings, including the semiring of nonnegative real numbers and all
idempotent semirings. We discuss also the computational complexity of problems
in interval idempotent linear algebra. In the traditional Interval Analysis
problems of this kind are generally NP-hard. In the note we consider matrix
equations over positive semirings; in this case the computational complexity of
the problem is polynomial.
  Idempotent and other positive semirings arise naturally in optimization
problems. Many of these problems turn out to be linear over appropriate
idempotent semirings. In this case, the system of equations X=AX+B appears to
be a natural analog of a usual linear system in the traditional linear algebra
over fields. B. A. Carre showed that many of the well-known algorithms of
discrete optimization are analogous to standard algorithms of the traditional
computational linear algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4761 </DOCNO>
Energy gap and proximity effect in $MgB_2$ superconducting wires


  Measurements of the penetration depth $\lambda (T,H)$ in the presence of a DC
magnetic field were performed in $MgB_2$ wires. In as-prepared wires $\lambda
(T,H<130 Oe)$ shows a strong diamagnetic downturn below $\approx 10 K$. A DC
magnetic field of $130 Oe$ completely suppressed the downturn. The data are
consistent with proximity coupling to a surface $Mg$ layer left during
synthesis. A theory for the proximity effect in the clean limit, together with
an assumed distribution of the $Mg$ layer thickness, qualitatively explains the
field and temperature dependence of the data. Removal of the $Mg$ by chemical
etching results in an exponential temperature dependence for $\lambda (T)$ with
an energy gap of $2 \Delta (0)/T_c\approx 1.54$ ($\Delta(0) \approx 2.61 meV$),
in close agreement with recent measurements on commercial powders and single
crystals. This minimum gap is only 44% of the BCS weak coupling value, implying
substantial anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168096 </DOCNO>
Quantum teleportation of entangled coherent states


  We propose a simple scheme for the quantum teleportation of both bipartite
and multipartite entangled coherent states with the successful probability 1/2.
The scheme is based on only linear optical devices such as beam splitters and
phase shifters, and two-mode photon number measurements. The quantum channels
described by multipartite maximally entangled coherent states are readily made
by the beam splitters and phase shifters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86718 </DOCNO>
Spherically symmetric Weitzenb\"{o}ck defect solution of Einstein field


  A new class of spacetime defect solutions of Einstein Field equations of
Edelen's direct Poincar\'{e} Gauge Field theory without biaxial symmetry is
presented. The interior solution describes a core of defects where curvature
vanishes and Cartan torsion is nonvanishing. Outside the core (in vacuum) the
solution represents a spacetime with vanishing curvature and torsion describing
a nontrivial topological defect solution of Einstein equations of gravity. Our
solution corresponds to a very weak strenght of Tachyons can be found far away
from the core defect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95516 </DOCNO>
Monopoles


  I survey the theory of Bogomolny monopoles and the various approaches to
their study. These include the spectral curve, Nahm correspondence and rational
maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96527 </DOCNO>
Vector Fields on Smooth Threefolds Vanishing on Complete Intersections


  The existence of a vector field on a compact Kaehler manifold with nonempty
zero locus and the properties of this zero locus strongly influence the
geometry of the manifold. For example, J. Wahl proved that the existence of a
vector field vanishing on an ample divisor of a projective normal variety X
implies that X is a cone over this divisor. If X is smooth, X will be
isomorphic to the n-dimensional projective space.
  This paper is a first attempt to generalize Wahl's theorem to higher
codimensions: Given a complex smooth projective threefold X and a vector field
on X vanishing on an irreducible and reduced curve which is the scheme
theoretic intersection of two ample divisors, X is isomorphic to the
3-dimensional projective space or the 3-dimensional quadric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86494 </DOCNO>
Classical string propagation in gravitational fields


  The motion of a string in curved spacetime is discussed in detail. The basic
formalism for string motion in Minkowski spacetime and in curved spacetime is
presented. The description applies to cosmic strings as well as to fundamental
strings. Major ansatze for solving the string equations of motion are reviewed.
In particular, the ``null string ansatz'', which is relevant to strings in
strong gravitational fields, is emphasised. The formalism is applied to the
motion of strings in 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein black hole backgrounds with
electric and magnetic charge. Such background spacetimes have been of interest
lately, particularly from the point of view of fundamental string theory. It is
shown that interesting results, relating to the extra dimension as seen by the
string, are obtained even at the classical level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96247 </DOCNO>
Classification of alternating knots with tunnel number one


  This paper gives a complete classification of all alternating knots with
tunnel number one, and all their unknotting tunnels. We prove that the only
such knots are two-bridge knots and certain Montesinos knots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179273 </DOCNO>
Quasideuteron states with deformed core


  The M1 transitions between low-lying T=1 and T=0 states in deformed odd-odd
N=Z nuclei are analyzed in the frames of the rotor-plus-particle model. Using
the representation of an explicit coupling of angular momenta we show that
strong coupling of the quasideuteron configurations to the axially deformed
core results in a distribution of the total 0+ --> 1+ strength among a few
low-lying 1+ states. Simple analytical formulae for B(M1) values are derived.
The realization of the M1 sum rule for the low-lying 1+,T=0 states is
indicated. The calculated B(M1) values are found to be in good agreement with
experimental data and reveal specific features of collectivity in odd-odd N=Z
nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74632 </DOCNO>
Non-Commutative Gauge Theories and the Cosmological Constant


  We discuss the issue of the cosmological constant in non-commutative
non-supersymmetric gauge theories. In particular, in orbifold field theories
non-commutativity acts as a UV cut-off. We suggest that in these theories
quantum corrections give rise to a vacuum energy \rho, that is controlled by
the non-commutativity parameter \theta, \rho ~ 1/theta^2 (only a soft
logarithmic dependence on the Planck scale survives). We demonstrate our claim
in a two-loop computation in field theory and by certain higher loop examples.
Based on general expressions from string theory, we suggest that the vacuum
energy is controlled by non-commutativity to all orders in perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5060 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of the trilayer cuprate superconductor


  The low-energy electronic structure of the trilayer cuprate superconductor
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{10+\delta}$ near optimal doping is investigated by
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The normal state quasiparticle
dispersion and Fermi surface, and the superconducting d-wave gap and coherence
peak are observed and compared with those of single and bilayer systems. We
find that both the superconducting gap magnitude and the relative
coherence-peak intensity scale linearly with $T_c$ for various optimally doped
materials. This suggests that the higher $T_c$ of the trilayer system should be
attributed to parameters that simultaneously enhance phase stiffness and
pairing strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73458 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark induced effective action for gauge fields in the SU(N_c) x


  We calculate the low-energy limit of heavy quark current correlators within
an expansion in the inverse heavy quark mass. The induced low-energy currents
built from the gluon fields corresponding to the initial heavy quark currents
are obtained from an effective action for gauge fields in the one-loop
approximation at the leading order of the 1/m expansion. Explicit formulae for
the low-energy spectra of electromagnetic and tensor heavy quark current
correlators are given. Consequences of the appearance of a nonvanishing
spectral density below the two-particle threshold for high precision
phenomenology of heavy quarks are discussed quantitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128935 </DOCNO>
A uniform analysis of the Lyman alpha forest at z = 0-5: III. HST FOS


  We analyzed the absorption line spectra of all quasars observed with the high
resolution gratings of the Faint Object Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space
Telescope. We examined 788 spectra for 334 quasars, and present line lists and
identifications of absorption lines in the spectra of 271 of them. Analysis of
the statistics of the Ly-alpha and metal absorption systems are presented in
companion papers (Dobrzycki et al. 2001; Scott et al. 2001; Morita et al.
2001). The data and several analysis products are available electronically and
on the authors' web site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124800 </DOCNO>
ZeV Air Showers: The View from Auger


  In this article I briefly discuss the characteristics of the Auger
observatories paying particular attention to the role of inclined showers, both
in the search for high energy neutrino interactions deep in the atmosphere and
as an alternative tool for the study of cosmic rays, particulartly their
composition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2945 </DOCNO>
On the deformation of spontaneously twisted fluctuating ribbons


  A theoretical analysis of the effect of force and torque on spontaneously
twisted, fluctuating elastic ribbons is presented. We find that when a filament
with a straight center line and a spontaneously twisted noncircular cross
section is subjected to a sufficiently strong extensional force, its average
elongation exhibits an asymmetric response to large over and undertwist. We
construct the stability diagram that describes the buckling transition of such
ribbons under the opposing action of force and torque and show that all the
predicted behaviors can be understood in terms of continuous transformations
between straight and spiral/helical states of the ribbon. The relation between
our results and experimental observations on DNA is discussed and a new
reentrant spiral to rod transition is predicted at intermediate values of twist
rigidity and applied force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76681 </DOCNO>
Properties of the quantum universe in quasistationary states and


  Old and new puzzles of cosmology are reexamined from the point of view of
quantum theory of the universe developed here. It is shown that in proposed
approach the difficulties of the standard cosmology do not arise. The theory
predicts the observed dimensions of nonhomogeneities of matter density and the
amplitude of fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation temperature in the
Universe and points to a new quantum mechanism of their origin. The large scale
structure in the Universe is explained by the growth of nonhomogeneities which
arise from primordial quantum fluctuations due to finite width of
quasistationary states. The theory allows to obtain the value of the
deceleration parameter which is in good agreement with the recent SNe Ia
measurements. It explains the large value of entropy of the Universe and
describes other parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72668 </DOCNO>
Constraints on non-Newtonian gravity from the Casimir force measurements


  Constraints on the Yukawa-type corrections to Newtonian gravitational law are
obtained resulting from the measurement of the Casimir force between two
crossed cylinders. The new constraints are stronger than those previously
derived in the interaction range between 1.5 nm and 11 nm. The maximal
strengthening in 300 times is achieved at 4.26 nm. Possible applications of the
obtained results to the elementary particle physics are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4308 </DOCNO>
Growing Scale-Free Networks with Small World Behavior


  In the context of growing networks, we introduce a simple dynamical model
that unifies the generic features of real networks: scale-free distribution of
degree and the small world effect. While the average shortest path length
increases logartihmically as in random networks, the clustering coefficient
assumes a large value independent of system size. We derive expressions for the
clustering coefficient in two limiting cases: random (C ~ (ln N)^2 / N) and
highly clustered (C = 5/6) scale-free networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125065 </DOCNO>
White Dwarfs and Dark Matter


  Oppenheimer et al. (2001) have argued recently that at least 2% of the
Galactic halo is comprised of white dwarfs If true, this finding has crucial
implications for understanding the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. We
draw attention to three potential shortcomings in the Oppenheimer et al.
analysis which lead us to conclude that the density of white dwarfs with halo
kinematics may have been significantly overestimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179686 </DOCNO>
A Possibility to Observe Short-Range NN Properties in the Deuteron


  Quasi-binary reaction of the deuteron breakup $p+d\to (pp)+n$ with the final
proton-proton pair $(pp)$ in the
 $^1S_0$ state is analyzed at initial energies $0.5 - 2$ GeV in the kinematics
of backward elastic pd-scattering $pd\to dp$. On the basis of the main
mechanisms of the $pd\to dp$ process, including initial and final state
interaction, we show that unpolarized cross section and spin observables of
this reaction exhibit important properties of the half-off-shell
$pp(^1S_0)$-scattering amplitude, which are relevant to the nucleon-nucleon
interaction at short distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169205 </DOCNO>
Quantum tomography as a tool for the characterization of optical devices


  We describe a novel tool for the quantum characterization of optical devices.
The experimental setup involves a stable reference state that undergoes an
unknown quantum transformation and is then revealed by balanced homodyne
detection. Through tomographic analysis on the homodyne data we are able to
characterize the signal and to estimate parameters of the interaction, such as
the loss of an optical component, or the gain of an amplifier. We present
experimental results for coherent signals, with application to the estimation
of losses introduced by simple optical components, and show how these results
can be extended to the characterization of more general optical devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74214 </DOCNO>
Tests of goodness of fit to multiple data sets


  We propose a new and rather stringent criterion for testing the goodness of
fit between a theory and experiment. It is motivated by the paradox that the
criterion on \chi^2 for testing a theory is much weaker than the criterion for
finding the best fit value of a parameter in the theory. We present a method by
which the stronger parameter-fitting criterion can be applied to subsets of
data in a global fit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81120 </DOCNO>
Spectral function and excited states in lattice QCD with maximum entropy


  We apply the maximum entropy method to extract the spectral functions for
pseudoscalar and vector mesons from hadron correlators previously calculated at
four different lattice spacings in quenched QCD with the Wilson quark action.
We determine masses and decay constants for the ground and excited states of
the pseudoscalar and vector channels from position and area of peaks in the
spectral functions. We obtain the results, $m_{\pi_1} = 660(590)$ MeV and
$m_{\rho_1} = 1540(570)$ MeV for the masses of the first excited state masses,
in the continuum limit of quenched QCD. We also find unphysical states which
have infinite mass in the continuum limit, and argue that they are bound states
of two doublers of the Wilson quark action. If the interpretation is correct,
this is the first time that the state of doublers is identified in lattice QCD
numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150204 </DOCNO>
N=2 -> N=1 supergravity reduction in four dimensions


  We discuss the reduction of N=2 supergravity to N=1, by a consistent
truncation of the second gravitino multiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1013 </DOCNO>
Staggered currents in the mixed state


  The current pattern in the mixed state of high-$T_{c}$ superconductors is
studied in the U(1) mean field theory of the t-J model. Our findings are the
following. 1) In the absence of antiferromagnetism a robust staggered current
pattern exists in the core of vortices if the doping is not too high. 2) At a
fixed doping and with increasing magnetic field, the size of the staggered
current core expands, and eventually percolates. 3) The polarity of the
staggered current is pinned by the direction of the magnetic field. 4) Vortex
cores locally modify the hole density - in a staggered (non-staggered) core,
the excess charge is slightly negative (positive). 5) Gutzwiller projection
does not wash out the staggered current. Finally we present two experimental
predictions concerning neutron scattering and STM spectra that capture the
signature of the staggered current induced by the vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5878 </DOCNO>
A fractional-spin phase in the power-law Kondo model


  We consider a Kondo impurity coupled to a fermionic host with a power-law
density of states near the Fermi level, \rho(\epsilon) \sim |\epsilon|^r, with
exponent r<0. Using both perturbative renormalization group (poor man's
scaling) and numerical renormalization group methods, we analyze the phase
diagram of this model for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Kondo coupling.
Both sectors display non-trivial behavior with several stable phases separated
by second-order transitions. In particular, on the ferromagnetic side there is
a stable intermediate-coupling fixed point with universal properties
corresponding to a fractional ground-state spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96878 </DOCNO>
Deviation Bounds for Wavelet Shrinkage


  We analyse the wavelet shrinkage algorithm of Donoho and Johnstone in order
to assess the quality of the reconstruction of a signal obtained from noisy
samples. We prove deviation bounds for the maximum of the squares of the error,
and for the average of the squares of the error, under the assumption that the
signal comes from a H"older class, and the noise samples are independent, of 0
mean, and bounded. Our main technique is Talgrand's isoperimetric theorem. Our
bounds refine the known expectations for the average of the squares of the
error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40892 </DOCNO>
The Power Supply System of the CLEO III Silicon Detector


  The CLEO III detector has recently commenced data taking at the Cornell
electron Storage Ring (CESR). One important component of this detector is a 4
layer double-sided silicon tracker with 93% solid angle coverage. This detector
ranges in size and number of readout channels between the LEP and LHC silicon
detectors. In order to reach the detector performance goals of signal-to-noise
ratios greater than 15:1 low noise front-end electronics together with highly
regulated low noise power supplies were used. In this paper we describe the
low-noise power supply system and associated monitoring and safety features
used by the CLEO III silicon tracker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95511 </DOCNO>
On the quasi - exact solvability of a singular potential in D -


  The D -dimensional quasi - exact solutions for the singular even - power
anharmonic potential $V(q)=aq^2+bq^{-4}+cq^{-6}$ are reported. We show that
whilst Dong and Ma's [5] quasi - exact ground - state solution (in D=2) is
beyond doubt, their solution for the first excited state is exotic. Quasi -
exact solutions for the ground and first excited states are also given for the
above potential confined to an impenetrable cylindrical (D=2) or spherical
(D=3) wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76381 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on Infrared Fixed Point Structure in the Minimal


  Infrared fixed points in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with
baryon and lepton number violation were studied and their structure elucidated
by us in Physical Review D 63 076008 (2001). Here we reply to a comment on this
paper. We emphasize that our paper concentrates on the case of the only true
infrared fixed point in the model, i.e. the stable nontrivial fixed point for
the top- and bottom-quark Yukawa couplings and the baryon number violating
coupling. For this case the comment does not affect in any manner the numerical
results and conclusions derived in our paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1522 </DOCNO>
The upper critical field problem in MgB2


  The upper critical field Hc2(T) for MgB2 is analyzed in terms of single and
multi-band Eliashberg models. The relatively high value of Hc2(0) in the range
of 14 to 18 Tesla can be understood, if a strongly coupled subgroup of heavy
quasiparticles is involved in the superconductivity. The sizable coupling to
both low- and high-frequency bosons is essential. This picture is supported by
LDA calculations of Fermi velocity distribution over different sheets of the
Fermi surface with special emphasis on the hole tubes. The possible origin of
anharmonic soft modes is briefly discussed. Similarities and differences with
transition metal borocarbides are figured out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96587 </DOCNO>
On a quantum analog of the Grothendieck-Teichmueller group


  We introduce a noncommutative and noncocommutative Hopf algebra which takes
for certain Hopf categories (and therefore braided monoidal bicategories) a
similar role as the Grothendieck- Teichmueller group for quasitensor
categories. We also give a result which highly restricts the possibility for
similar structures for even higher weak n-categories than bicategories by
showing that these structures would not allow for any nontrivial deformations.
Finally, we suggest two possible constructions which might lead to
representations of this Hopf algebra and give an explicit construction of its
elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86493 </DOCNO>
Weyl Cohomology and the Effective Action for Conformal Anomalies


  We present a general method of deriving the effective action for conformal
anomalies in any even dimension, which satisfies the Wess-Zumino consistency
condition by construction. The method relies on defining the coboundary
operator of the local Weyl group, and giving a cohomological interpretation to
counterterms in the effective action in dimensional regularization with respect
to this group. Non-trivial cocycles of the Weyl group arise from local
functionals that are Weyl invariant in and only in the physical even integer
dimension. In the physical dimension the non-trivial cocycles generate
covariant non-local action functionals characterized by sensitivity to global
Weyl rescalings. The non-local action so obtained is unique up to the addition
of trivial cocycles and Weyl invariant terms, both of which are insensitive to
global Weyl rescalings. These distinct behaviors under rigid dilations can be
used to distinguish between infrared relevant and irrelevant operators in a
generally covariant manner. Variation of the $d=4$ non-local effective action
yields two new conserved geometric stress tensors with local traces. The method
may be extended to any even dimension by making use of the general construction
of conformal invariants given by Fefferman and Graham. As a corollary,
conformal field theory behavior of correlators at the asymptotic infinity of
either anti-de Sitter or de Sitter spacetimes follows, i.e. AdS$_{d+1}$ or
deS$_{d+1}$/CFT$_d$ correspondence. The same construction naturally selects all
infrared relevant terms (and only those terms) in the low energy effective
action of gravity in any even integer dimension. The infrared relevant terms
arising from the known anomalies in d=4 imply that the classical Einstein
theory is modified at large distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168821 </DOCNO>
Formal and Precise Derivation of the Green Functions for a Simple


  In formal scattering theory, Green functions are obtained as solutions of a
distributional equation. In this paper, we use the Sturm-Liouville theory to
compute Green functions within a rigorous mathematical theory. We shall show
that both the Sturm-Liouville theory and the formal treatment yield the same
Green functions. We shall also show how the analyticity of the Green functions
as functions of the energy keeps track of the so-called ``incoming'' and
``outgoing'' boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1091 </DOCNO>
Bounds on one-dimensional exchange energies with application to lowest


  By means of a generalization of the Fefferman-de la Llave decomposition we
derive a general lower bound on the interaction energy of one-dimensional
quantum systems. We apply this result to a specific class of lowest Landau band
wave functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128201 </DOCNO>
Detection of spiral structure of the quiescent accretion disk of IP


  We present the results of the spectral investigations of IP Peg in
quiescence. Optical spectra obtained on 6-m telescope at the Special
Astrophysical Observatory (Russia), and on the 3.5-m telescope at the
German-Spanish Astronomical Center (Calar Alto, Spain), have been analysed by
means of Doppler tomography and phase modeling technique. This analysis has
allowed us to make conclusions, that the quiescent accretion disk of IP Peg has
a complicated structure. Equally with the bright spot originated in the region
of interaction between the stream and the disk's particles, there are also
explicit indications of the spiral shocks. We also have found that the
brightness of the bright spot considerably oscillates during orbital period.
The spot becomes brightest at an inferior conjunction. On the contrary, the
spot is almost not visible when it is located on a distant half of the
accretion disk. Apparently, it is connected to an eclipse of the bright spot by
an outer edge of the accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169487 </DOCNO>
An entanglement monotone derived from Grover's algorithm


  This paper demonstrates that how well a state performs as an input to
Grover's search algorithm depends critically upon the entanglement present in
that state; the more entanglement, the less well the algorithm performs. More
precisely, suppose we take a pure state input, and prior to running the
algorithm apply local unitary operations to each qubit in order to maximize the
probability P_max that the search algorithm succeeds. We prove that, for pure
states, P_max is an entanglement monotone, in the sense that P_max can never be
decreased by local operations and classical communication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87288 </DOCNO>
A description of several coordinate systems for hyperbolic spaces


  This article simply presents several coordinate systems for 2 and
3-dimensional hyperbolic spaces, describing the general solutions of Helmholtz
equation in each one of these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6281 </DOCNO>
Growing Scale-Free Networks with Tunable Clustering


  We extend the standard scale-free network model to include a ``triad
formation step''. We analyze the geometric properties of networks generated by
this algorithm both analytically and by numerical calculations, and find that
our model possesses the same characteristics as the standard scale-free
networks like the power-law degree distribution and the small average geodesic
length, but with the high-clustering at the same time. In our model, the
clustering coefficient is also shown to be tunable simply by changing a control
parameter - the average number of triad formation trials per time step.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41208 </DOCNO>
Modified Breit-Wigner formula for mesonic resonances describing OZI


  A general expression resembling Breit-Wigner formulae is derived for the
description of resonances which appear in meson-meson scattering. Starting
point is a unitarised meson model, but reduced to a simpler form and freed from
the specific assumption about the confining force. The parameters of the
resulting ``Resonance-Spectrum Expansion'' are directly related to the
confinement spectrum and the mechanism of $^3P_0$ valence-quark-pair creation
for OZI-allowed hadronic decay, and not to the central positions and widths of
resonances. The method also provides a straightforward explanation for the
origin of the light scalar mesons without requiring extra degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3990 </DOCNO>
Lower Critical Dimension of Ising Spin Glasses


  Exact ground states of two-dimensional Ising spin glasses with Gaussian and
bimodal (+- J) distributions of the disorder are calculated using a
``matching'' algorithm, which allows large system sizes of up to N=480^2 spins
to be investigated. We study domain walls induced by two rather different types
of boundary-condition changes, and, in each case, analyze the system-size
dependence of an appropriately defined ``defect energy'', which we denote by
DE. For Gaussian disorder, we find a power-law behavior DE ~ L^\theta, with
\theta=-0.266(2) and \theta=-0.282(2) for the two types of boundary condition
changes. These results are in reasonable agreement with each other, allowing
for small systematic effects. They also agree well with earlier work on smaller
sizes. The negative value indicates that two dimensions is below the lower
critical dimension d_c. For the +-J model, we obtain a different result, namely
the domain-wall energy saturates at a nonzero value for L\to \infty, so \theta
= 0, indicating that the lower critical dimension for the +-J model exactly
d_c=2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2462 </DOCNO>
Specific-Heat Exponent of Random-Field Systems via Ground-State


  Exact ground states of three-dimensional random field Ising magnets (RFIM)
with Gaussian distribution of the disorder are calculated using
graph-theoretical algorithms. Systems for different strengths h of the random
fields and sizes up to N=96^3 are considered. By numerically differentiating
the bond-energy with respect to h a specific-heat like quantity is obtained,
which does not appear to diverge at the critical point but rather exhibits a
cusp. We also consider the effect of a small uniform magnetic field, which
allows us to calculate the T=0 susceptibility. From a finite-size scaling
analysis, we obtain the critical exponents \nu=1.32(7), \alpha=-0.63(7),
\eta=0.50(3) and find that the critical strength of the random field is
h_c=2.28(1). We discuss the significance of the result that \alpha appears to
be strongly negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86367 </DOCNO>
Gauge theories of spacetime symmetries


  Gauge theories of conformal spacetime symmetries are presented which merge
features of Yang-Mills theory and general relativity in a new way. The models
are local but nonpolynomial in the gauge fields, with a nonpolynomial structure
that can be elegantly written in terms of a metric (or vielbein) composed of
the gauge fields. General relativity itself emerges from the construction as a
gauge theory of spacetime translations. The role of the models within a general
classification of consistent interactions of gauge fields is discussed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86577 </DOCNO>
Isolated Horizon, Killing Horizon and Event Horizon


  We consider space-times which in addition to admitting an isolated horizon
also admit Killing horizons with or without an event horizon. We show that an
isolated horizon is a Killing horizon provided either (1) it admits a
stationary neighbourhood or (2) it admits a neighbourhood with two independent,
commuting Killing vectors. A Killing horizon is always an isolated horizon. For
the case when an event horizon is definable, all conceivable relative locations
of isolated horizon and event horizons are possible. Corresponding conditions
are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6204 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensation in Cuprate Superconductors


  Transition temperatures $T_{c}$ calculated using the BCS model
electron-phonon interaction without any adjustable parameters agree with
empirical values for quasi-2D cuprate superconductors. They follow from a
two-dimensional gas of temperature-dependent Cooper pairs in chemical and
thermal equilibrium with unpaired fermions in a boson-fermion (BF) statistical
model as the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) singularity temperature is
approached from above. The {\it linear} (as opposed to quadratic) boson
dispersion relation due to the Fermi sea yields substantially higher $T_{c}$'s
with the BF model than with BCS or pure-boson BEC theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3048 </DOCNO>
Crossover from Electronic to Atomic Shell Structure in Alkali Metal


  After making a cold weld by pressing two clean metal surfaces together, upon
gradually separating the two pieces a metallic nanowire is formed, which
progressively thins down to a single atom before contact is lost. In previous
experiments [1,2] we have observed that the stability of such nanowires is
influenced by electronic shell filling effects, in analogy to shell effects in
metal clusters [3]. For sodium and potassium at larger diameters there is a
crossover to crystalline wires with shell-closings corresponding to the
completion of additional atomic layers. This observation completes the analogy
between shell effects observed for clusters and nanowires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97514 </DOCNO>
Periods of Strebel Differentials and Algebraic Curves Defined over the


  In \cite{MP} we have shown that if a compact Riemann surface admits a Strebel
differential with rational periods, then the Riemann surface is the complex
model of an algebraic curve defined over the field of algebraic numbers. We
will show in this article that even if all geometric data are defined over
$\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$, the Strebel differential can still have a
transcendental period. We construct a Strebel differential $q$ on an arbitrary
complete nonsingular algebraic curve $C$ defined over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$
such that (i) all poles of $q$ are $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$-rational points of
$C$; (ii) the residue of $\sqrt{q}$ at each pole is a positive integer; and
(iii) $q$ has a transcendental period.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149268 </DOCNO>
Melvin Matrix Models


  In this short note we construct the DLCQ description of the flux seven-branes
in type IIA string theory and discuss its basic properties. The matrix model
involves dipole fields. We explain the relation of this nonlocal matrix model
to various orbifolds. We also give a spacetime interpretation of the
Seiberg-Witten-like map, proposed in a different context first by Bergman and
Ganor, that converts this matrix model to a local, highly nonlinear theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126763 </DOCNO>
Growth of supermassive black holes and metallicity in quasars


  The strong correlation between the mass of the central supermassive black
hole (SMBH) and the bulge in some galaxies and quasars implies that the
formation of the black hole is somehow linked to the bulge. The measurement of
metallicity by NV/CIV or NV/HeII in quasars allows to discuss a possible way of
formation of the black hole. In this Letter we trace the metallicity along the
possible routes in Rees' diagram in order to test the ways by which SMBHs can
form. We derive a relation between the metallicity and the mass of the SMBH as
$Z\propto M_{BH}$ based on the numerical simulation of the evolution of star
clusters. It is in good agreement with the relation determined by the
metallicity measured by NV/CIV or NV/HeII in Hamann & Ferland's sample. This
lends observational support to the formation of SMBHs via routes R4 or R5,
namely, the evolution of dense star clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4888 </DOCNO>
Diffusion entropy and waiting time statistics of hard x-ray solar flares


  We analyze the waiting time distribution of time distances $\tau$ between two
nearest-neighbor flares. This analysis is based on the joint use of two
distinct techniques. The first is the direct evaluation of the distribution
function $\psi(\tau)$, or of the probability, $\Psi(tau)$, that no time
distance smaller than a given $\tau$ is found. We adopt the paradigm of the
inverse power law behavior, and we focus on the determination of the inverse
power index $\mu$, without ruling out different asymptotic properties that
might be revealed, at larger scales, with the help of richer statistics. The
second technique, called Diffusion Entropy (DE) method, rests on the evaluation
of the entropy of the diffusion process generated by the time series. The
details of the diffusion process depend on three different walking rules, which
determine the form and the time duration of the transition to the scaling
regime, as well as the scaling parameter $\delta$. With the first two rules the
information contained in the time series is transmitted, to a great extent, to
the transition, as well as to the scaling regime. The same information is
essentially conveyed, by using the third rules, into the scaling regime, which,
in fact, emerges very quickly after a fast transition process. We show that the
significant information hidden within the time series concerns memory induced
by the solar cycle, as well as the power index $\mu$. The scaling parameter
$\delta$ becomes a simple function of $\mu$, when memory is annihilated. Thus,
the three walking rules yield a unique and precise value of $\mu$ if the memory
is wisely taken under control, or cancelled by shuffling the data. All this
makes compelling the conclusion that $\mu = 2.138 \pm 0.01$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 18 </DOCNO>
Dynamical turbulent flow on the Galton board with friction


  We study numerically and analytically the dynamics of particles on the Galton
board, a regular lattice of disc scatters, in the presence of a constant
external force and friction. It is shown that under certain conditions friction
leads to the appearance of a strange chaotic attractor in an initially
conservative Hamiltonian system. In this regime the particle flow becomes
turbulent and its average velocity depends in nontrivial manner on friction and
other system parameters. We discuss the applications of these results to the
transport properties of suspended particles in a laminar viscous flow streaming
through scatters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127481 </DOCNO>
The effects of seeing on Sersic profiles. II. The Moffat PSF


  The effects of seeing on Sersic r^{1/n} profile parameters are extensively
studied using a Moffat function. This analytical approximation to the point
spread function (PSF) is shown to provide the best fit to the PSF predicted
from atmospheric turbulence theory when beta=4.765. The Moffat PSF is
additionally shown to contain the Gaussian PSF as a limiting case
beta->infinity. The Moffat function is also shown to be numerically well
behaved when modelling narrow PSFs in HST images. Seeing effects are computed
for elliptically symmetric surface brightness distributions. The widely used
assumption of circular symmetry when studying the effects of seeing on
intrinsically elliptical sources is shown to produce significant discrepancies
with respect to the true effects of seeing on these sources. A prescription to
correct raw (observed) central intensities, effective radii, index n and mean
effective surface brightness is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169079 </DOCNO>
Mixed-state entanglement and quantum communication


  We present basics of mixed-state entanglement theory. The first part of the
article is devoted to mathematical characterizations of entangled states. In
second part we discuss the question of using mixed-state entanglement for
quantum communication. In particular, a type of entanglement that is not
directly useful for quantum communcation (called bound entanglement) is
analysed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98727 </DOCNO>
Hilbert schemes and W algebras


  We construct geometrically the generating fields of a W algebra which acts
irreducibly on the direct sum of the cohomology rings of the Hilbert schemes of
n points on a projective surface for all n. We compute explicitly the
commutators among a set of linear basis elements of the W algebra, and identify
this algebra with a $W_{1+\infty}$-type algebra. A precise formula of certain
Chern character operators, which is essential for the construction of the W
algebra, is established in terms of the Heisenberg algebra generators. In
addition, these Chern character operators are proved to be the zero-modes of
vertex operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72860 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in string inspired extended family models


  We propose a standard model minimal extension with two lepton weak SU(2)
doublets and a scalar singlet to explain the deviation of the measured
anomalous magnetic moment of the muon from the standard model expectation. This
scheme can be naturally motivated in string inspired models such as E_6 and
AdS/CFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97705 </DOCNO>
Carleson measures, trees, extrapolation, and $T(b)$ theorems


  The theory of Carleson measures, stopping time arguments, and atomic
decompositions has been well-established in harmonic analysis. More recent is
the theory of phase space analysis from the point of view of wave packets on
tiles, tree selection algorithms, and tree size estimates. The purpose of this
paper is to demonstrate that the two theories are in fact closely related, by
taking existing results and reproving them in a unified setting. In particular
we give a dyadic version of extrapolation for Carleson measures, as well as a
two-sided local dyadic $T(b)$ theorem which generalizes earlier $T(b)$ theorems
of David, Journe, Semmes, and Christ.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129596 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the mass-profile of the lens galaxy G2237+0305


  Published parametric models of the Einstein Cross gravitational lens
demonstrate that the image geometry can be reproduced by families of models. In
particular, the slope of the mass-profile for the lens galaxy is unconstrained.
However, recent models predict a dependence of image flux ratios on the slope
of the mass profile. We use this dependence to constrain the mass profile by
calculating the likelihood of the slope using published mid-IR flux ratios
(including microlensing variability). We find that the galaxy is likely to be
flatter than isothermal, and therefore that the mass-to-light ratio is
decreasing in the inner kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75000 </DOCNO>
Assisted inflation via tachyon condensation


  In this paper we propose a new mechanism of inflating the Universe with
non-BPS $D4$ branes which decay into stable $D3$ branes via tachyon
condensation. In a single brane scenario the tachyon potential is very steep
and unable to support inflation. However if the universe lives in a stack of
branes produced by a set of non-interacting unstable $\tilde {D4}$ branes, then
the associated set of tachyons may drive inflation along our 3 spatial
dimensions. After tachyon condensation the Universe is imagined to be filled
with a set of parallel stable $D3$ branes. We study the scalar density
perturbations and reheating within this setup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86527 </DOCNO>
Experimental hints of Gravity in Large Extra Dimensions?


  Recent conjectures suggest the universe may have large extra dimensions,
through which gravity propagates. This implies gross departures from Newton's
law of gravity at small length scales. Here I consider some implications for
particle dynamics on scales comparable to the compactification radius, $R_c
\ltorder 1$ mm. During planet formation, coalescence of micron sized dust
grains to planetesimals is a rate critical step. Blum et al (2000) found dust
grain aggregates form low fractal dimension structures in microgravity,
consistent with high angular momentum coalescence. I consider the effects of
non-Newtonian gravity on dust aggregation on scales less than $R_c$ and show
they naturally coalesce into low dimensional structures with high specific
angular momentum. We infer $R_c \approx 80$ microns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 619 </DOCNO>
Detecting Long-range Correlations with Detrended Fluctuation Analysis


  We examine the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), which is a
well-established method for the detection of long-range correlations in time
series. We show that deviations from scaling that appear at small time scales
become stronger in higher orders of DFA, and suggest a modified DFA method to
remove them. The improvement is necessary especially for short records that are
affected by non-stationarities. Furthermore, we describe how crossovers in the
correlation behavior can be detected reliably and determined quantitatively and
show how several types of trends in the data affect the different orders of
DFA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72463 </DOCNO>
CP-Violating Phases in SUSY, Electric Dipole Moments, and Linear


  We reexamine large CP-violating phases in the general Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model, as well as more restricted models. We perform a detailed scan
over parameter space to find solutions which satisfy the current experimental
limits on the electric dipole moments of the electron, neutron and $^{199}$Hg
atom, exploring the allowed configurations of phases and masses, and we attempt
to quantify the level of tuning of the parameters necessary to populate the
regions of cancellations. We then consider the measurement of CP-violating
phases at a future linear collider. We find that measurements of chargino and
neutralino masses and production cross-sections allow for a determination of
$\phi_1$(the phase of $M_1$) to a precision of $\pi/30$, while the EDM
constraints require that $\theta_\mu$ be too small to be measured. Using the
EDM constraints we find that the CP-even model parameters and the phase
$\phi_1$ can be determined at a Linear Collider with $400 \gev$ c.m. energy. As
long as some information on the size of $|\mu|$ is included in the observables,
a measurement of $\phi_1$ is guaranteed for $\phi_1 > \pi/10$. To unambiguously
identify CP violation, we construct CP-odd kinematical variables at a linear
collider. However, the CP asymmetries are rather small, typically about
$0.1-1.5%$, and it will be challenging to experimentally observe the predicted
asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97657 </DOCNO>
Clifford Algebras and Lorentz Group


  Finite-dimensional representations of the proper orthochronous Lorentz group
are studied in terms of spinor representations of the Clifford algebras. The
Clifford algebras are understood as an `algebraic covering' of a full system of
the finite-dimensional representations of the Lorentz group. Space-time
discrete symmetries P, T and PT, represented by fundamental automorphisms of
the Clifford algebras, are defined on all the representation spaces. Real,
complex, quaternionic and octonionic representations of the Lorentz group are
considered. Physical fields of the different types are formulated within such
representations. The Atiyah-Bott-Shapiro periodicity is defined on the Lorentz
group. It is shown that modulo 2 and modulo 8 periodicities of the Clifford
algebras allow to take a new look at the de Broglie-Jordan neutrino theory of
light and the Gell-Mann-Ne'emann eightfold way in particle physics. On the
representation spaces the charge conjugation C is represented by a
pseudoautomorphism of the complex Clifford algebra. Quotient representations of
the Lorentz group are introduced. It is shown that quotient representations are
the most suitable for description of the massless physical fields. By way of
example, neutrino field is described via the simplest quotient representation.
Weyl-Hestenes equations for neutrino field are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168765 </DOCNO>
Continuous Quantum Measurement with Multiple Observers


  We generalize the formalism of continuous quantum measurement on the
environment of a system to the case when several observers perform measurements
on different parts of that environment. The formalism is applied to several
examples: homodyne detection of phonons in the quantum Brownian motion,
photodetection and homodyne detection for a two-level atom, and homodyne
detection of two-photon emission. We find that observers gain most information
about the state of the system and they agree the most when they measure in
environmental basis most correlated to the pointer basis of the system. We also
prove and illustrate by examples that a single observer cannot find out just
from his own measurement records if other observers are making measurements or
what are the basis of their measurement. The example with two-photon emission
shows that for many-body entanglement a single observer may be "system blind",
his own measurements are mere noises, and the information about the state of
the system is encoded in correlations between different observers'
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148504 </DOCNO>
Effective potential in Brane-World scenarios


  We review the stabilization of the radion in the Randall-Sundrum model
through the Casimir energy due to a bulk conformally coupled field. We also
show some exact self-consistent solutions taking into account the backreaction
that this energy induces on the geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75501 </DOCNO>
Determination of $\alpha_s$ and heavy quark masses from recent


  In this paper we compare recent experimental data for the total cross section
$\sigma(e^+e^-\to{hadrons})$ with the up-to-date theoretical prediction of
perturbative QCD for those energies where perturbation theory is reliable. The
excellent agreement suggests the determination of the strong coupling
$\alpha_s$ from the measurements in the continuum. The precise data from the
charm threshold region, when combined with the recent evaluation of moments
with three loop accurracy, lead to a direct determination of the short distance
$\bar{\rm MS}$ charm quark mass. Our result for the strong coupling constant
$\alpha_s^{(4)}(5 {GeV})=0.235^{+0.047}_{-0.047}$ corresponds to
$\alpha_s^{(5)}(M_Z)=0.124^{+0.011}_{-0.014}$, for the charmed quark mass we
find $m_c(m_c)=1.304(27)$. Applying the same approach to the bottom quark we
obtain $m_b(m_b)=4.191(51)$ GeV. Whereas our result for $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ serves
as a useful cross check for other more precise determinations, our values for
the charm and bottom quark masses are more accurate than other recent analyses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169555 </DOCNO>
The van der Waals Potential between Metastable Atoms and Solid Surfaces:


  Highly polarizable metastable He* (2^3S) and Ne* (2^3P) atoms have been
diffracted from a 100 nm period silicon nitride transmission grating and the
van der Waals coefficients C_3 for the interaction of the excited atoms with
the silicon nitride surface have been determined from the diffraction
intensities out to the 10th order. The results agree with calculations based on
the non-retarded Lifshitz formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4839 </DOCNO>
On monopole core metastability and charge delocalization in Alice


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author(s), due to major shortcommings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123906 </DOCNO>
Cluster physics from joint weak gravitational lensing and


  We present a self consistent method to perfom a joint analysis of
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and weak gravitational lensing observation of galaxy
clusters. The spatial distribution of the cluster main constituents is
described by a perturbative approach. Assuming the hydrostatic equilibrium and
the equation of state, we are able to deduce, from observations, maps of
projected gas density and gas temperature. The method then naturally entails a
X-ray emissivity prediction which can be compared to observed X-ray emissivity
maps. When tested on simulated clusters (noise free), this prediction turns out
to be in very good agreement with the simulated surface brightness. The
simulated and predicted surface brightness images have a correlation
coefficient higher than 0.9 and the total flux differ by 0.9 % or 9 % in the
two simulated clusters we studied. The method should be easily used on real
data in order to provide a physical description of the cluster physics and of
its constituents. The tests performed show that we can recover the amount and
the spatial distributions of both the baryonic and non-baryonic material with
an accuracy better than 10 %. So, in principle, in it might indeed help to
alleviate some well known bias affecting, eg baryon fraction measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5174 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic fluctuations in the Kolmogorov flow: Linear regime


  The Landau-Lifshitz fluctuating hydrodynamics is used to study the
statistical properties of the linearized Kolmogorov flow. The relative
simplicity of this flow allows a detailed analysis of the fluctuation spectrum
from near equilibrium regime up to the vicinity of the first convective
instability threshold. It is shown that in the long time limit the flow behaves
as an incompressible fluid, regardless of the value of the Reynolds number.
This is not the case for the short time behavior where the incompressibility
assumption leads in general to a wrong form of the static correlation
functions, except near the instability threshold. The theoretical predictions
are confirmed by numerical simulations of the full nonlinear fluctuating
hydrodynamic equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96339 </DOCNO>
Spin Borromean Surgeries


  In 1986, Matveev defined the notion of borromean surgery for closed oriented
3-manifolds and showed that the equivalence relation generated by this move is
characterized by the pair (first betti number, linking form up to isomorphism).
We explain how this extends for 3-manifolds with spin structure if we replace
the linking form by the quadratic form defined by the spin structure. We then
show that the equivalence relation among closed spin 3-manifolds generated by
spin borromean surgeries is characterized by the triple (first betti number,
linking form up to isomorphism, Rochlin invariant modulo 8).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169041 </DOCNO>
Qubits as Parafermions


  Qubits are neither fermions nor bosons. A Fock space description of qubits
leads to a mapping from qubits to parafermions: particles with a hybrid
boson-fermion quantum statistics. We study this mapping in detail, and use it
to provide a classification of the algebras of operators acting on qubits.
These algebras in turn classify the universality of different classes of
physically relevant qubit-qubit interaction Hamiltonians. The mapping is
further used to elucidate the connections between qubits, bosons, and fermions.
These connections allow us to share universality results between the different
particle types. Finally, we use the mapping to study the quantum computational
power of certain anisotropic exchange Hamiltonians. In particular, we prove
that the XY model with nearest-neighbor interactions only is {\em not}
computationally universal. We also generalize previous results about universal
quantum computation with encoded qubits to codes with higher rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3612 </DOCNO>
A Tube Model of Rubber Elasticity


  Polymer entanglements lead to complicated topological constraints and
interactions between neighbouring chains in a dense solution or melt.
Entanglements can be treated in a mean field approach, within the famous
reptation model, since they effectively confine each individual chain in a
tube-like geometry. In polymer networks, due to crosslinks preventing the
reptation constraint release, entanglements acquire a different topological
meaning and have a much stronger effect on the resulting mechanical response.
We apply the classical ideas of reptation dynamics to calculate the effective
rubber-elastic free energy of an entangled rubbery network. We then compare the
results with other theoretical approaches and establish a particularly close
mapping with the hoop-model, with equally good description of experimental
data. The present consistent reptation theory allows further development of
dynamic theory of stress relaxation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81275 </DOCNO>
One-loop renormalization of heavy-light currents


  We calculate the mass dependent renormalization factors of heavy-light
bilinears at one-loop order of perturbation theory, when the heavy quark is
treated with the Fermilab formalism.
 We present numerical results for the Wilson and Sheikholeslami-Wohlert
actions, with and without tree-level rotation.
 We find that in both cases our results smoothly interpolate from the static
limit to the massless limit.
 We also calculate the mass dependent Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie scale $q^*$,
with and without tadpole-improvement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96350 </DOCNO>
Hochschild (co)homology of Hopf crossed products


  Let A a k-algebra, H a Hopf algebra, E = A#H a general crossed product and M
an E-bimodule. We obtain a complex simpler than the canonical one, giving the
Hochschild homology of E with coefficients in M. This complex is eqquiped with
a natural filtration. We prove that the associated spectral sequence coincides
with that obtained by either, the Hochschild-Serre direct method or the
Cartan-Leray-Grothendieck method. We also get similar results for the
cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74352 </DOCNO>
Weak interactions in polarized semi-inclusive DIS


  We calculate, within pQCD parton model at leading orders, the expression of
the polarization P of spin 1/2 hadrons (typically Lambda baryons), produced in
polarized semi-inclusive DIS in all possible cases in which weak interactions
are involved. We discuss how to gather new information on fragmentation and
distribution functions and give numerical estimates in the cases for which data
are or will soon be available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73761 </DOCNO>
A proposal on the possibility of detecting D-particles


  In a previous study we showed that D0-branes (particles) can operate as
sources of very-high-energy radiation, as a result of an unstable spacetime
distortion that follows a D0-particle/closed string state scattering. The
effect can happen only if the energy of the incident particle/closed string
state exceeds a certain threshold, which is of order of the subsequently
radiated energy. In this letter we speculate on the possibility of detection of
the D-particles due to this phenomenon. The energies of the emitted radiation
range in a narrow window of size less than one order of magnitude.
Observation-wise, this radiation will appear as an excess of photons in a
narrow band in the spectrum of high energy cosmic rays. From their energy we
can then read off the value of the product of the string mass scale times the
string coupling. We speculate on the possibility that high energy neutrinos
from GRB's play the r\^ole of the necessary high energy flux that triggers the
effect, by striking D-particles lying inside the mean free path of the photons
as measured from Earth. The possibilty of this effect operating as a mechanism
of GZK cutoff violation is also pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75769 </DOCNO>
Exponential Growth of Particle Number far from the Parametric Resonance


  Parametric resonance has received a considerable amount of interest as a good
mathematical model to describe the initial stages of the reheating phase
(matter creation) in inflationary cosmology. It is also known that exponential
particle creation can occur in situations which do not fall in the parametric
resonance regime characterized by oscillations of the inflaton field about its
minimum. Here we present a new analytical approach to exponential particle
production which can occur when the inflaton is far from the minimum of its
potential. Crucial for this effect is a term in the equation of motion which
acts like a negative mass square term, as occurs for tachyonic preheating and
negative coupling particle production. Our techniques apply in models with a
strong coupling between matter fields $\chi$ and the inflaton $\phi$, or in
some models in which the inflaton has a large amplitude of oscillation. Note
that our analysis yields results which are quite model dependent. Exponential
growth occurs in a model with interaction Lagrangian $-g M_{pl}\phi\chi^2$.
However, for the interaction Lagrangian $-g^2\phi^2\chi^2$, our formalism shows
that in the large coupling limit there can only be exponential particle
production when $\phi$ crosses 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72695 </DOCNO>
Determination of V_ub from semileptonic B decays


  The hadronic mass distribution in semileptonic B-meson decays can be used for
extracting the charmless part and thus determining the |V_ub/V_cb| ratio. We
take into account first-order perturbative as well as non-perturbative QCD
corrections. The sensitivity to model assumptions is studied and an estimate of
the remaining uncertainties is performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179091 </DOCNO>
State Dependent Effective Interaction for the Hyperspherical Formalism


  The recently developed effective interaction method for the hyperspherical
harmonic formalism is extended to noncentral forces. Binding energies and radii
of three- and four-body nuclei are calculated with AV6 and AV14 NN potentials.
Excellent results for the convergence of the expansion are found, particularly
for the three-nucleon system. Due to the higher density the convergence rate is
a bit slower for the alpha particle. In comparison to central potential models
there is only a very slight deterioration of the convergence due the tensor
force, while other potential terms have no visible effect on the convergence.
The obtained values for binding energy and radii also agree well with the
results in the literature obtained with other few-body techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127920 </DOCNO>
The polarization properties of Broad Absorption Line QSOs: observational


  Correlations between BAL QSO intrinsic properties and polarization have been
searched for. Some results are summarized here, providing possible constraints
on BAL outflow models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128843 </DOCNO>
Resolved shocks in clumpy media


  We study the structure of shocks in clumpy media, using a multifluid
formalism. As expected, shocks broaden as they weaken: for sufficiently weak
shocks, no viscous subshock appears in the structure. This has significant
implications for the survival of dense clouds in regions overrun by shocks in a
wide range of astrophysical circumstances, from planetary nebulae to the nuclei
of starburst galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99013 </DOCNO>
The mutual affinity of random measures


  We consider a set of probability measures on a finite event space $\Omega$.
The mutual affinity is introduced in terms of the spectrum of the associated
Gram matrix. We show that, for randomly chosen measures, the empirical
eigenvalue distribution of the Gram matrix converges to a fixed distribution in
the limit where the number of measures, together with the cardinality of
$\Omega$, goes to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74200 </DOCNO>
Poincare Invariant Algebra From Instant to Light-Front Quantization


  We present the Poincare algebra interpolating between instant and light-front
time quantizations. The angular momentum operators satisfying SU(2) algebra are
constructed in an arbitrary interpolation angle and shown to be identical to
the ordinary angular momentum and Leutwyler-Stern angular momentum in the
instant and light-front quantization limits, respectively. The exchange of the
dynamical role between the transverse angular mometum and the boost operators
is manifest in our newly constructed algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128121 </DOCNO>
A variable efficiency for thin disk black hole accretion


  We explore the presence of torques at the inner edges of geometrically-thin
black hole accretion disks using 3-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
simulations in a pseudo-Newtonian potential. By varying the saturation level of
the magnetorotational instability that leads to angular momentum transport, we
show that the dynamics of gas inside the radius of marginal stability varies
depending upon the magnetic field strength just outside that radius. Weak
fields are unable to causally connect material within the plunging region to
the rest of the disk, and zero torque is an approximately correct boundary
condition at the radius of marginal stability. Stronger fields, which we obtain
artificially but which may occur physically within more complete disk models,
are able to couple at least some parts of the plunging region to the rest of
the disk. In this case, angular momentum (and implicitly energy) is extracted
from the material in the plunging region. Furthermore, the magnetic coupling to
the plunging region can be highly time dependent with large fluctuations in the
torque at the radius of marginal stability. This implies varying accretion
efficiencies, both across systems and within a given system at different times.
The results suggest a possible link between changes in X-ray and outflow
activity, with both being driven by transitions between weak and strong field
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150226 </DOCNO>
Fractional D3-branes in diverse backgrounds


  In the first part of this article, we find fractional D3-branes supergravity
solutions on orientifolded C^2/Z_2 orbifolds of type IIB string theory. The
one-loop corrected gauge couplings for the symplectic or orthogonal groups
living on the D-branes are reproduced on the world-volume of probes. In the
second part of the paper, we construct a D3-brane solution on the two-centers
Taub-NUT manifold which interpolates between fractional D3-branes in the ALE
space limit and a T-dual smeared type IIA configuration. Then, we lift this
configuration to M-theory and comment on the connections with wrapped M5-branes
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179349 </DOCNO>
Extracting the spectral function of He-4 from a relativistic plane-wave


  The spectral function of He-4 is extracted from a plane-wave approximation to
the (e,e'p) reaction using a fully relativistic formalism. We take advantage of
both an algebraic ``trick'' and a general relativistic formalism for quasifree
processes developed earlier to arrive at transparent, analytical expressions
for all quasifree (e,e'p) observables. An observable is identified for the
clean and model-independent extraction of the spectral function. Our simple
relativistic plane-wave calculations provide baseline predictions for the
recently measured, but not yet fully analyzed, momentum distribution of He-4 by
the A1-collaboration from Mainz. Yet in spite of its simplicity, our approach
predicts momentum distributions for He-4 that rival some of the best
nonrelativistic calculations to date. Finally, we highlight some of the
challenges and opportunities that remain, both theoretically and
experimentally, in the extraction of quasifree observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96333 </DOCNO>
Explicit concave fillings of contact three-manifolds


  In this paper we give explicit, handle-by-handle constructions of concave
symplectic fillings of all closed, oriented contact 3-manifolds. These
constructions combine recent results of Giroux relating contact structures and
open book decompositions of 3-manifolds, earlier results of the author on
attaching 4-dimensional symplectic 2-handles along transverse links, and some
tricks with mapping class groups of compact surfaces with non-empty boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113475 </DOCNO>
Quantum Monte Carlo Method for Attractive Coulomb Potentials


  Starting from an exact lower bound on the imaginary-time propagator, we
present a Path-Integral Quantum Monte Carlo method that can handle singular
attractive potentials. We illustrate the basic ideas of this Quantum Monte
Carlo algorithm by simulating the ground state of hydrogen and helium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125604 </DOCNO>
A Wind Driven Warping Instability in Accretion Disks


  A wind passing over a surface may cause an instability in the surface such as
the flapping seen when wind blows across a flag or waves when wind blows across
water. We show that when a radially outflowing wind blows across a dense thin
rotating disk, an initially flat disk is unstable to warping. When the wind is
subsonic, the growth rate is dependent on the lift generated by the wind and
the phase lag between the pressure perturbation and the vertical displacement
in the disk caused by drag. When the wind is supersonic, the grow rate is
primarily dependent on the form drag caused by the surface. While the radiative
warping instability proposed by Pringle is promising for generating warps near
luminous accreting objects, we expect the wind driven instability introduced
here would dominate in objects which generate energetic outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129677 </DOCNO>
Scaling of ISM Turbulence: Implications for HI


  Galactic HI is a gas that is coupled to magnetic field because of its
fractional ionization. Many properties of HI are affected by turbulence.
Recently, there has been a significant breakthrough on the theory of
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. For the first time in the history of the
subject we have a scaling model that is supported by numerical simulations. We
review recent progress in studies of both incompressible and compressible
turbulence. We also discuss the new regime of MHD turbulence that happens below
the scale at which conventional turbulent motions get damped by viscosity. The
viscosity in the case of HI is being produced by neutrals and truncates the
turbulent cascade at parsec scales. We show that below this scale magnetic
fluctuations with a shallow spectrum persist and point out to a possibility of
the resumption of the MHD cascade after ions and neutrals decouple. We discuss
the implications of the new insight into MHD turbulence for cosmic ray
transport and grain dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96886 </DOCNO>
Remarks on two approaches to the horizontal cohomology: compatibility


  The Koszul-Tate resolution is described in the context of the geometry of jet
spaces and differential equations. The application due to Barnich, Brandt, and
Henneaux of this resolution to computing the horizontal cohomology is analyzed.
Relations with the Vinogradov spectral sequence are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168762 </DOCNO>
An optical conveyor belt for single neutral atoms


  Using optical dipole forces we have realized controlled transport of a single
or any desired small number of neutral atoms over a distance of a centimeter
with sub-micrometer precision. A standing wave dipole trap is loaded with a
prescribed number of cesium atoms from a magneto-optical trap. Mutual detuning
of the counter-propagating laser beams moves the interference pattern, allowing
us to accelerate and stop the atoms at preselected points along the standing
wave. The transportation efficiency is close to 100%. This optical "single-atom
conveyor belt" represents a versatile tool for future experiments requiring
deterministic delivery of a prescribed number of atoms on demand.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86604 </DOCNO>
Classical History Theory of Vector Fields


  We consider the extension of classical history theory to the massive vector
field and electromagnetism. It is argued that the action of the two Poincare
groups introduced by Savvidou suggests that the history fields should have five
components. The extra degrees of freedom introduced to make the fields
five-dimensional result in an extra pair of second class constraints in the
case of the massive vector field, and in an extended gauge group in the case of
electromagnetism. The total gauge transformations depend on two arbitrary
parameters, and contain `internal' and `external' U(1) gauge transformations as
subgroups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167960 </DOCNO>
Quantum state reconstruction of the single-photon Fock state


  We have reconstructed the quantum state of optical pulses containing single
photons using the method of phase-randomized pulsed optical homodyne
tomography. The single-photon Fock state |1> was prepared using conditional
measurements on photon pairs born in the process of parametric down-conversion.
A probability distribution of the phase-averaged electric field amplitudes with
a strongly non-Gaussian shape is obtained with the total detection efficiency
of (55+-1)%. The angle-averaged Wigner function reconstructed from this
distribution shows a strong dip reaching classically impossible negative values
around the origin of the phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1342 </DOCNO>
A Model for Ferromagnetic Nanograins with Discrete Electronic States


  We propose a simple phenomenological model for an ultrasmall ferromagnetic
grain, formulated in terms of the grain's discrete energy levels. We compare
the model's predictions with recent measurements of the discrete tunneling
spectrum through such a grain. The model can qualitatively account for the
observed features if we assume (i) that the anisotropy energy varies among
different eigenstates of one grain, and (ii) that nonequilibrium spin
accumulation occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2453 </DOCNO>
Integrable structure of W_3 Conformal Field Theory, Quantum Boussinesq


  In this paper we study the Yang-Baxter integrable structure of Conformal
Field Theories with extended conformal symmetry generated by the W_3 algebra.
We explicitly construct various T- and Q-operators which act in the irreducible
highest weight modules of the W_3 algebra. These operators can be viewed as
continuous field theory analogues of the commuting transfer matrices and
Q-matrices of the integrable lattice systems associated with the quantum
algebra U_q(\hat{sl}(3)). We formulate several conjectures detailing certain
analytic characteristics of the Q-operators and propose exact asymptotic
expansions of the T- and Q-operators at large values of the spectral parameter.
We show, in particular, that the asymptotic expansion of the T-operators
generates an infinite set of local integrals of motion of the W_3 CFT which in
the classical limit reproduces an infinite set of conserved Hamiltonians
associated with the classical Boussinesq equation. We further study the vacuum
eigenvalues of the Q-operators (corresponding to the highest weight vector of
the W_3 module) and show that they are simply related to the expectation values
of the boundary exponential fields in the non-equilibrium boundary affine Toda
field theory with zero bulk mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98342 </DOCNO>
Finite volume approximation of the effective diffusion matrix: The case


  Consider uniformly elliptic random walk on $\bbZ^d$ with independent jump
rates across nearest neighbour bonds of the lattice. We show that the infinite
volume effective diffusion matrix can be almost surely recovered as the limit
of finite volume periodized effective diffusion matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179465 </DOCNO>
Analytical E1 strength functions of two-neutron halo nuclei: the 6-He


  An analytical model is developed to study the spectra of electromagnetic
dissociation of two-neutron halo nuclei without precise knowledge about initial
and final states. Phenomenological three-cluster bound state wave functions,
reproducing the most relevant features of these nuclei, are used along with no
interaction final states. The 6-He nucleus is considered as a test case, and a
good agreement with experimental data concerning the shape of the spectrum and
the magnitude of the strength function is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76485 </DOCNO>
The world in eleven dimensions: a tribute to Oskar Klein


  Current attempts to find a unified theory that would reconcile Einstein's
General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics, and explain all known physical
phenomena, invoke the Kaluza-Klein idea of extra spacetime dimensions. The best
candidate is M-theory, which lives in eleven dimensions, the maximum allowed by
supersymmetry of the elementary particles. We give a non-technical account.
  An Appendix provides an updated version of Edwin A. Abbott's 1884 satire {\it
Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions}. Entitled {\it Flatland, Modulo 8}, it
describes the adventures of a superstring theorist, A. Square, who inhabits a
ten-dimensional world and is initially reluctant to accept the existence of an
eleventh dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74386 </DOCNO>
The matter fluctuation effect to T violation at a neutrino factory


  We derived an analytic formula for T violation by using the perturbation
theory for small quantities, $\Delta m_{21}^2L/2E$ and $\delta a(x)L/2E$, where
$\delta a(x)$ represents symmetric and asymmetric matter fluctuations, i.e.,
deviations from the average density. We analyzed the effect of matter
fluctuations to T violation, by assuming PREM profile of earth matter density.
We found that matter fluctuations do not give any viable contribution for
$L<$6000km, while the fluctuation effect becomes large due to resonances for
$L>$7000km. For 7000km$<L<$8000km, matter fluctuations contribute destructively
to the average density term and the net result is small, while for $L>$8000km,
the contribution from matter fluctuations becomes large but contributes
constructively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113924 </DOCNO>
Integrability in Fluid Dynamics


  3+1-dimensional free inviscid fluid dynamics is shown to satisfy the criteria
for exact integrability, i.e. having an infinite set of independent, conserved
quantities in involution, with the Hamiltonian being one of them. With (density
dependent) interaction present, distinct infinite serieses of conserved
quantities in involution are discovered. Clebsch parametrization of the
velocity field is used in the the latter analysis. Relativistic generalization
of the free system is also shown to be integrable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96294 </DOCNO>
Self-scaled barriers for irreducible symmetric cones


  Self-scaled barrier functions are fundamental objects in the theory of
interior-point methods for linear optimization over symmetric cones, of which
linear and semidefinite programming are special cases. We are classifying all
self-scaled barriers over irreducible symmetric cones and show that these
functions are merely homothetic transformations of the universal barrier
function. Together with a decomposition theorem for self-scaled barriers this
concludes the algebraic classification theory of these functions. After
introducing the reader to the concepts relevant to the problem and tracing the
history of the subject, we start by deriving our result from first principles
in the important special case of semidefinite programming. We then generalise
these arguments to irreducible symmetric cones by invoking results from the
theory of Euclidean Jordan algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4296 </DOCNO>
Slow nonequilibrium dynamics: parallels between classical and quantum


  We review an scenario for the non-equilibrium dynamics of glassy systems that
has been motivated by the exact solution of simple models. This approach allows
one to set on firmer grounds well-known phenomenological theories. The old
ideas of entropy crisis, fictive temperatures, free-volume... have clear
definitions within these models. Aging effects in the glass phase are also
captured. One of the salient features of the analytic solution, the breakdown
of the fluctuation-dissipation relations, provides a definition of a bonafide
{\it effective temperature} that is measurable by a thermometer, controls heat
flows, partial equilibrations, and the reaction to the external injection of
heat. The effective temperature is an extremely robust concept that appears in
non-equilibrium systems in the limit of small entropy production as, for
instance, sheared fluids, glasses at low temperatures when quantum fluctuations
are relevant, tapped or vibrated granular matter, etc. The emerging scenario is
one of partial equilibrations, in which glassy systems arrange their internal
degrees of freedom so that the slow ones select their own effective
temperatures. It has been proven to be consistent within any perturbative
resummation scheme (mode coupling, etc) and it can be challenged by
experimental and numerical tests, some of which it has already passed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149177 </DOCNO>
Hubble Law and Brane Matter after Ekpyrosis


  We study brane matter in the ekpyrotic scenario and observe that in order to
obtain standard gravity on the visible brane, the tension of the visible brane
should be positive. If the sizes of both the fifth dimension and the Calabi-Yau
threefold are fixed, the Israel junction conditions do not allow time-dependent
brane matter. Relaxing this constraint, it is possible to obtain approximately
standard cosmology on the visible brane, with small corrections due to possible
time-dependence of the Calabi-Yau threefold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174739 </DOCNO>
Excitations in the Halo Nucleus He-6 Following The Li-7(gamma,p)He-6


  A broad excited state was observed in 6-He with energy E_x = 5 +/- 1 MeV and
width Gamma = 3 +/- 1 MeV, following the reaction Li-7(gamma,p)He-6. The state
is consistent with a number of broad resonances predicted by recent cluster
model calculations. The well-established reaction mechanism, combined with a
simple and transparent analysis procedure confers considerable validity to this
observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83759 </DOCNO>
Fixed-parameter complexity of semantics for logic programs


  A decision problem is called parameterized if its input is a pair of strings.
One of these strings is referred to as a parameter. The problem: given a
propositional logic program P and a non-negative integer k, decide whether P
has a stable model of size no more than k, is an example of a parameterized
decision problem with k serving as a parameter. Parameterized problems that are
NP-complete often become solvable in polynomial time if the parameter is fixed.
The problem to decide whether a program P has a stable model of size no more
than k, where k is fixed and not a part of input, can be solved in time
O(mn^k), where m is the size of P and n is the number of atoms in P. Thus, this
problem is in the class P. However, algorithms with the running time given by a
polynomial of order k are not satisfactory even for relatively small values of
k.
  The key question then is whether significantly better algorithms (with the
degree of the polynomial not dependent on k) exist. To tackle it, we use the
framework of fixed-parameter complexity. We establish the fixed-parameter
complexity for several parameterized decision problems involving models,
supported models and stable models of logic programs. We also establish the
fixed-parameter complexity for variants of these problems resulting from
restricting attention to Horn programs and to purely negative programs. Most of
the problems considered in the paper have high fixed-parameter complexity.
Thus, it is unlikely that fixing bounds on models (supported models, stable
models) will lead to fast algorithms to decide the existence of such models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126829 </DOCNO>
Spectrophotometric Evolution of Old Stellar Systems


  Theoretical integrated spectrophotometric quantities, such as spectral line
indices in the Lick system (Hbeta, Mg2, Mg b, Fe5270, Fe5335), broadband color
indices (in the UBVRIHK and Washington CMT1 bandpasses), and surface brightness
fluctuation magnitudes and colors, ranging from far-UV to near-IR have been
consistently computed for simple stellar populations from our evolutionary
population synthesis code. The age range of -4 Gyr < Delta_t < +4 Gyr is
explored, where Delta_t = 0 Gyr is the currently favored mean age of inner halo
Galacitc globular clusters (Galactocentric radius < 8 kpc), ~ 12Gyr. The main
aim of this dissertation is to investigate the effects of post-red giant branch
stars on the integrated spectrophotometric quantities after employing detailed
systematic variation of horizontal-branch morphology with age and metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74036 </DOCNO>
Physics for the future colliders


  Physics issues at the upcoming and planned colliders are discussed. We
critically review the the different arguments that suggest that New Physics is
bound to materialise at the TeV scale and why we should keep an open minded
approach. The complementarity of the LHC and a moderate energy e+ e- collider
is stressed together with the need for higher energy machines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168420 </DOCNO>
Stimulated emission with a non-equilibrium state of radiation


  The stimulated emission from an atom interacting with radiation in
non-equilibrium state is considered. The stochastic limit, applied to the
non-relativistic Hamiltonian describing the interaction, shows that the state
of atoms, driven by some non-equilibrium state of the field approaches a
stationary state which can continuously emit photon, unlike the case with an
equilibrium state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76414 </DOCNO>
The Small-x Behaviour of the Singlet Polarized Structure Function g_2 in


  The small-x behavior of the singlet contributions to the polarized structure
function g_2(x,Q^2) is calculated in the double-logarithmic approximation of
perturbative QCD. The dominant contribution is due to the gluons which, in
contrast to the unpolarized case, mix with the fermions also in the small-x
domain. We find a power-like growth in 1/x in the odd-signature parts of the
amplitude with the same power as in the singlet function g_1(x,Q^2) at x<< 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98836 </DOCNO>
Lectures on special Lagrangian geometry


  This is a much shortened version of the author's paper math.DG/0108088. It
gives an introduction to special Lagrangian submanifolds in C^m and in (almost)
Calabi-Yau manifolds, followed by a survey of recent results on singularities
of special Lagrangian submanifolds, and their application to the SYZ
Conjecture. It is aimed at graduate students in Geometry, String Theorists, and
others wishing to learn the subject.
  Special Lagrangian m-folds in C^m are defined, and ways of constructing them
described. `Almost Calabi-Yau manifolds' (a generalization of Calabi-Yau
manifolds useful in special Lagrangian geometry) are introduced, and the
deformation theory, obstruction theory, and moduli spaces of compact special
Lagrangian m-folds in (almost) Calabi-Yau m-folds are explained.
  Then we present a (mostly conjectural) picture of the singularities of
compact special Lagrangian submanifolds, particularly in generic almost
Calabi-Yau manifolds. Applications of this to the SYZ Conjecture and Mirror
Symmetry of Calabi-Yau 3-folds are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129634 </DOCNO>
The KPNO International Spectroscopic Survey. III. [O III]-selected


  The KPNO International Spectroscopic Survey (KISS) is an objective-prism
survey for extragalactic emission-line objects. It combines many of the
features of previous slitless spectroscopic surveys with the advantages of
modern CCD detectors, and is the first purely digital objective-prism survey
for emission-line galaxies. Here we present the first list of emission-line
galaxy candidates selected from our blue spectral data, which cover the
wavelength range 4800 -- 5500 A. In most cases, the detected emission line is
[O III]5007. The current survey list covers a one-degree-wide strip located at
Dec = 29 deg 30' (B1950.0) and spanning the right ascension range 8h 30m to 17h
0m. An area of 116.6 deg^2 is covered. A total of 223 candidate emission-line
objects have been selected for inclusion in the survey list (1.91 deg^-2). We
tabulate accurate coordinates and photometry for each source, as well as
estimates of the redshift, emission-line flux, and equivalent width based on
measurements of the digital objective-prism spectra. The median apparent
magnitude of the sample is B = 18.2, and galaxies with redshifts approaching z
= 0.1 are detected. The properties of the KISS emission-line galaxies are
examined using the available observational data, and compared to previous
surveys carried out with photographic plates as well as with the
H-alpha-selected portion of KISS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4248 </DOCNO>
Renormalization group for 2D fermions with a flat Fermi surface :


  We present a renormalization group analysis of two-dimensional interacting
fermion systems with a closed and partially flat Fermi surface. Numerical
solutions of the one-loop flow equations show that for a bare local repulsion,
the system evolves through three different regimes as the typical energy is
lowered: a high-energy transient with a strong competition between
particle-particle and particle-hole channels, an intermediate regime with
dominant spin density wave correlations, and finally a ``hot spot'' regime
exhibiting d-wave superconductivity. We study, mostly by analytical methods,
how this flow pattern depends on the number N of Fermi surface patches used
in the numerical solution. This clearly indicates that the final regime
requires vanishingly small microscopic interactions, for the one-loop
approximation to be valid, as N is going to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148070 </DOCNO>
Casimir energy and realistic model of dilute dielectric ball


  The Casimir energy of a dilute homogeneous nonmagnetic dielectric ball at
zero temperature is derived analytically for the first time for an arbitrary
physically possible frequency dispersion of dielectric permittivity
$\epsilon(i\omega)$. A microscopic model of dielectrics is considered,
divergences are absent in calculations because an average interatomic distance
$\lambda$ is a {\it physical} cut-off in the theory. This fact has been
overlooked before, which led to divergences in various macroscopic approaches
to the Casimir energy of connected dielectrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81427 </DOCNO>
Relativistic heavy quarks on the lattice


  We investigate feasibility of relativistic approaches to the heavy quark
physics on both anisotropic and isotropic lattices. Our peturbative calculation
reveals that the anisotropic lattice is not theoretically adovantageous over
the isotropic one to control $m_Q a$ errors. We instead propose a new
relativistic approach to handle heavy quarks on the isotropic lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2162 </DOCNO>
The High Temperature Dynamics of a mean field Potts glass


  We use Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the dynamical properties of the
infinite range 10 states Potts glass. By analyzing the spin autocorrelation
function for system sizes up to N=2560, we show that strong finite size effects
are present around the predicted dynamical transition temperature. The
autocorrelation function shows strong self-averaging at high temperatures,
whereas close to the dynamical transition they show the lack of self-averaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99114 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic decomposition of the zeta-determinant of the Dirac Laplacian


  we discuss the decomposition of the zeta-determinant of the square of the
Dirac operator into the contributions coming from the different parts of the
manifold in the case of an invertible tangential operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5404 </DOCNO>
Is the Stillinger and Weber decomposition relevant for coarsening


  We study three kinetic models with constraint, namely the Symmetrically
Constrained Ising Chain, the Asymmetrically Constrained Ising Chain, and the
Backgammon Model. All these models show glassy behavior and coarsening. We
apply to them the Stillinger and Weber decomposition, and find that they share
the same configurational entropy, despite of their different nonequilibrium
dynamics. We conclude therefore that the Stillinger and Weber decomposition is
not relevant for this type of models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125803 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The power spectrum and the matter


  The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey has now measured in excess of 160000 galaxy
redshifts. This paper presents the power spectrum of the galaxy distribution,
calculated using a direct FFT-based technique. We argue that, within the
k-space region 0.02<k<0.15 h Mpc^-1, the shape of this spectrum should be close
to that of the linear density perturbations convolved with the window function
of the survey. This window function and its convolving effect on the power
spectrum estimate are analyzed in detail. By convolving model spectra, we are
able to fit the power-spectrum data and provide a measure of the matter content
of the universe. Our results show that models containing baryon oscillations
are mildly preferred over featureless power spectra. Analysis of the data
yields 68% confidence limits on the total matter density times the Hubble
parameter \Omega_m h = 0.20 +/- 0.03, and the baryon fraction \Omega_b/\Omega_m
= 0.15 +/- 0.07, assuming scale-invariant primordial fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75087 </DOCNO>
Cross Sections, Probabilities, Multiplicities and Spectra of Secondaries


  We present a short review of theoretical results (mainly for
experimentalists) published in many different papers. The formulae are
presented for the different integrated cross sections, the number of
interacting nucleons, multiplicities of secondaries, the dispersions of
multiplicity distributions. Two possible tests for the search of Quark-Gluon
Plasma formation are discussed. CERN SPS data for production of secondaries in
central Pb+Pb collisions are compared with Quark-Gluon String Model
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6604 </DOCNO>
Structure evolution of Pd-Ta-H alloy In Edwards' thermodynamics


  X-rays diffraction pictures time dependence of deformed alloy Pd-Ta being
charged with hydrogen has been shown to be possibly caused by multi-pits
character of energetic relief in the states space. Phenomenological model
representing alloy structural evolution as a occasional roaming on minima of
internal energy of non-ergodic system, has been offered in Lorenz synergetic
scheme frames. Here, order parameters are the part of minima occupied by the
system, conjugated field is considered to be Edwards entropy and control
parameter is taken to be internal energy. Thermodynamics interpretation of
Pd-Ta-H alloy evolution structure as a complex non-ergodic system is offered

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148051 </DOCNO>
High-Temperature Effective Potential of Noncommutative Scalar Field


  The renormalization of effective potentials for the noncommutative scalar
field theory at high temperature are investigated to the two-loop
approximation. The Feynman diagrams in evaluating the effective potential may
be classified into two types: the planar diagrams and nonplanar diagrams. The
nonplanar diagrams, which depend on the parameter of noncommutativity, do not
appear in the one-loop potential. Despite their appearance in the two-loop
level, they do not have an inclination to restore the symmetry breaking in the
tree level, in contrast to the planar diagrams. This phenomenon is explained as
a consequence of the drastic reduction of the degrees of freedom in the
nonplanar diagrams when the thermal wavelength is smaller than the
noncommutativity scale. Our results show that the nonplanar two-loop
contribution to the effective potential can be neglected in comparsion with
that from the planar diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98947 </DOCNO>
A Non-commutative Version of the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing


  In this note, a non-commutative analogue of the fundamental theorem of asset
pricing in mathematical finance is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76923 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal polarization asymmetry of leptons in the pure leptonic B


  Longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetry in B_q -> l l (q = d, s$ and l =
e, mu, tau) decays is investigated. The analysis is done in a general manner by
using the effective operators approach. It is shown that the longitudinal
lepton polarization asymmetry would provide a direct search for the scalar and
pseudoscalar type interactions, which are induced in all variants of
Higgs-doublet models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96400 </DOCNO>
Numerically efficient version of the T-matrix method


  A version of the projection method for solving the scattering problem for
acoustic and electromagnetic waves is proposed and shown to be more efficient
numerically than the earlier ones because the corresponding matrix is not
ill-conditioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86161 </DOCNO>
OPTIS - a satellite-based test of Special and General Relativity


  A new satellite based test of Special and General Relativity is proposed. For
the Michelson-Morley experiment we expect an improvement of at least three
orders of magnitude, and for the Kennedy-Thorndike experiment an improvement of
more than one order of magnitude. Furthermore, an improvement by two orders of
the test of the universality of the gravitational red shift by comparison of an
atomic clock with an optical clock is projected. 
  The tests are based on ultrastable optical cavities, an atomic clock and a
comb generator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168669 </DOCNO>
The Dirac algebra and grand unification


  A representation of the Dirac algebra, derived from first principles, can be
related to the combinations of unit charges which determine particle
structures. The algebraic structure derives from a broken symmetry between
4-vectors and quaternions which can be applied to the broken symmetry between
the three nongravitational interactions. The significance of this relation for
Grand Unification is derived by explicit calculation of the running values of
the fine structure constants, with suggestions for the calculation of particle
masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96466 </DOCNO>
Morse theory in the 1990's


  This is a survey article on Morse theory based on lectures to graduate
students and advanced undergraduates. After a brief review of standard
material, mostly without proofs, the Morse theory of complex Grassmannian
manifolds is worked out in detail. In contrast to standard treatments, gradient
flow lines and their structure are emphasized. This leads to a convenient
interpretation of Schubert calculus via the momentum map of a torus action,
and, more generally, to a still-unfolding toric/combinatoric manifestation of
Morse theory. The latter provides a miniature version of the "field-theoretic
point of view" of Cohen-Jones-Segal, Betz-Cohen, and Fukaya.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7128 </DOCNO>
Atomistic Study of Structural Correlations at a Liquid-Solid Interface


  Structural correlations at a liquid-solid interface were explored with
molecular dynamics simulations of a model aluminium system using the
Ercolessi-Adams potential and up to 4320 atoms. Substrate atoms were pinned to
their equilibrium crystalline positions while liquid atoms were free to move.
The density profile at the interface was investigated for different substrate
crystallographic orientations and temperatures. An exponential decay of the
density profile was observed, $\rho (z) \sim \rm{e}^{- \kappa z}$, leading to
the definition of $\kappa$ as a quantitative measure of the ordering at the
liquid solid interface. A direct correlation between the amount of ordering in
the liquid phase and the underlying substrate orientation was found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113866 </DOCNO>
Coherence effects in the transition radiation spectrum and practical


  In the framework of the pseudophotons method and under the hypothesis of the
far field approximation the formal evaluation of the transition radiation
spectrum produced by a three-dimensional charged beam interacting with a
metallic target is carried out. When spatial incoherent conditions are
occurring, the transverse size of a three-dimensional beam affects the spectrum
via a suitable dependence on the Fourier transform of the transverse
distribution, while the temporal coherent enhance of the spectrum depends only
on the longitudinal beam size via the longitudinal form factor in the same
manner as in the case of a one-dimensional beam. Spatial incoherent effects,
arising at short wave-length in the spectrum, on the one hand allow a better
comprehension of some aspects of the transition radiation phenomelogy - e.g. an
analytical formula for the total radiated energy - and on the other hand offer
new perspectives in the practical application of the transition radiation as
diagnostics method of the transverse beam size in a particle accelerator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7120 </DOCNO>
On the consequences of the uncertainty principle on the Cooper pairs in


  We first argue that the collective behaviour of the Cooper pairs created by
thermal fluctuations well above the superconducting transition temperature, Tc,
is dominated by the uncertainty principle which, in particular, leads to a
well-defined temperature, T^C, above which the superconducting coherence
vanishes. On the grounds of the BCS approach, the corresponding
reduced-temperature, ln(T^C/Tc), is estimated to be around 0.55, i.e., above
T^C \approx 1.7Tc coherent Cooper pairs cannot exist. These results are found
to be in striking good agreement with the measurements of the thermal
fluctuation effects on the electrical conductivity and on the magnetization in
different low-Tc and high-Tc superconductors with different dopings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126975 </DOCNO>
Jet Collimation by Small-Scale Magnetic Fields


  A popular model for jet collimation is associated with the presence of a
large-scale and predominantly toroidal magnetic field originating from the
central engine (a star, a black hole, or an accretion disk). Besides the
problem of how such a large-scale magnetic field is generated, in this model
the jet suffers from the fatal long-wave mode kink magnetohydrodynamic
instability. In this paper we explore an alternative model: jet collimation by
small-scale magnetic fields. These magnetic fields are assumed to be local,
chaotic, tangled, but are dominated by toroidal components. Just as in the case
of a large-scale toroidal magnetic field, we show that the ``hoop stress'' of
the tangled toroidal magnetic fields exerts an inward force which confines and
collimates the jet. The magnetic ``hoop stress'' is balanced either by the gas
pressure of the jet, or by the centrifugal force if the jet is spinning. Since
the length-scale of the magnetic field is small (< the cross-sectional radius
of the jet << the length of the jet), in this model the jet does not suffer
from the long-wave mode kink instability. Many other problems associated with
the large-scale magnetic field are also eliminated or alleviated for
small-scale magnetic fields. Though it remains an open question how to generate
and maintain the required small-scale magnetic fields in a jet, the scenario of
jet collimation by small-scale magnetic fields is favored by the current study
on disk dynamo which indicates that small-scale magnetic fields are much easier
to generate than large-scale magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86380 </DOCNO>
New parity-violating photon-axion interaction


  A variant of an earlier proposal by the author and SenGupta, to describe four
dimensional Maxwell electrodynamics in Einstein-Cartan spacetimes through a
Kalb-Ramond field as an intermediary, is shown to lead to a new
Maxwell-Kalb-Ramond coupling that violates spatial parity, even when the KR
gauge field has its standard parity assignment. One consequence of this
coupling seems to be a modulation, independent of wavelength but dependent on
the KR field strength, of the intensity of synchrotron radiation observed from
distant galactic sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168100 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase gate with a selective interaction


  We present a proposal for implementing quantum phase gates using selective
interactions. We analize selectivity and the possibility to implement these
gates in two particular systems, namely, trapped ions and Cavity QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81177 </DOCNO>
Constructing States and Effective Hamiltonians in Lattice QCD


  We formulate SU(3) Hamiltonian lattice QCD in terms of the plaquette
variables and determine the relevant subspaces of the Hilbert space for the
vacuum wave functional and its approximations. We analyze the one- and
two-plaquette problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168975 </DOCNO>
Explicit conversion from the Casimir force to Planck's law of radiation


  The Casimir force has its origin in finite modification of the infinite
zero-point energy induced by a specific boundary condition for the spatial
configuration. In terms of the imaginary-time formalism at finite temperature,
the root of Planck's law of radiation can be traced back to finite modification
of the infinite vacuum energy induced by the periodic boundary condition in the
temporal direction. We give the explicit conversion from the Casimir force to
Planck's law of radiation, which shows the apparent correspondence between the
system bounded by parallel conducting plates and the thermodynamic system. The
temperature inversion symmetry and the duality relation in the thermodynamics
are also discussed. We conclude that the effective temperature characterized by
the spatial extension should no longer be regarded as genuine temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128607 </DOCNO>
Heating and Ionization of X-Winds


  In order to compare the x-wind with observations, one needs to be able to
calculate its thermal and ionization properties. We formulate the physical
basis for the streamline-by-streamline integration of the ionization and heat
equations of the steady x-wind. In addition to the well-known processes
associated with the interaction of stellar and accretion-funnel hot-spot
radiation with the wind, we include X-ray heating and ionization, mechanical
heating, and a revised calculation of ambipolar diffusion heating. The
mechanical heating arises from fluctuations produced by star-disk interactions
of the time dependent x-wind that are carried by the wind to large distances
where they are dissipated in shocks, MHD waves, and turbulent cascades. We
model the time-averaged heating by the scale-free volumetric heating rate,
$\Gamma_{\rm mech} = \alpha \rho v^3 s^{-1}$, where $\rho$ and $v$ are the
local mass density and wind speed, respectively, $s$ is the distance from the
origin, and $\alpha$ is a phenomenological constant. When we consider a
partially-revealed but active young stellar object, we find that choosing
$\alpha \sim 10^{-3}$ in our numerical calculations produces temperatures and
electron fractions that are high enough for the x-wind jet to radiate in the
optical forbidden lines at the level and on the spatial scales that are
observed. We also discuss a variety of applications of our thermal-chemical
calculations that can lead to further observational checks of x-wind theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5843 </DOCNO>
Pressure-Induced Magnetism and Hidden Order in URu_2Si_2


  We discuss the discovery of pressure-induced antiferromagnetism in URu_2Si_2,
in the context of neutron, NMR and \mu SR results. The identification of a
critical pressure separating mean-field and Ising phase transitions leads us to
propose that the system lies close to a bicritical point associated with
magnetic and (non-magnetic) hidden order. We conclude that the recent
observation of an isotropic, field-independent component in the silicon NMR
line-width implies that the hidden order parameter breaks time-reversal
invariance and present a preliminary discussion of the underlying nature of the
hidden order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76114 </DOCNO>
The One Loop Effective Action of QED for a General Class of Electric


  We compute the effective action of QED at one loop order for an electric
field which points in the $\hat{z}$ direction and depends arbitrarily upon the
light cone time coordinate, $x^+ = (x^0 + x^3)/\sqrt{2}$. This calculation
generalizes Schwinger's formula for the vacuum persistence probability in the
presence of a constant electric field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41405 </DOCNO>
Searches for new physics at the Tevatron


  Recent results of searches for new phenomena using data collected in Run I by
the CDF and D0 experiments are presented. D0 set limits for top squarks
decaying into b+l+sneutrino significantly beyond the reach of previous analyses
in this channel (m_stop>140GeV at 95% C.L. for m_snu=45GeV). CDF exclude top
squarks decaying into b+tau for masses below 111GeV. In addition, D0 have
analyzed photon and electron pair production to search for effects of large
extra dimensions. No evidence is found, resulting in limits on the effective
Planck scale of 1.1 TeV. Finally, D0 have used a model-independent search
strategy for new physics at high pt to test more than 32 different final states
for evidence of a signal. Observations in all samples are found to be
consistent with expectations from the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126088 </DOCNO>
Structure, mass and distance of the Virgo cluster from a Tolman-Bondi


  We have applied a relativistic Tolman-Bondi model of the Virgo cluster to a
sample of 183 galaxies with measured distances within a radius of 8 degrees
from M87. We find that the sample is significantly contaminated by background
galaxies which lead to too large a cluster mean distance if not excluded. The
Tolman-Bondi model predictions, together with the HI deficiency of spiral
galaxies, allows one to identify these background galaxies. One such galaxy is
clearly identified among the 6 calibrating galaxies with Cepheid distances. As
the Tolman-Bondi model predicts the expected distance ratio to the Virgo
distance, this galaxy can still be used to estimate the Virgo distance, and the
average value over the 6 galaxies is 15.4 +- 0.5 Mpc.
   Well-known background groups of galaxies are clearly recovered, together
with filaments of galaxies which link these groups to the main cluster, and are
falling into it. No foreground galaxy is clearly detected in our sample.
Applying the B-band Tully-Fisher method to a sample of 51 true members of the
Virgo cluster according to our classification gives a cluster distance of 18.0
+- 1.2 Mpc, larger than the mean Cepheid distance.
   Finally, the same model is used to estimate the Virgo cluster mass, which is
M = 1.2 10^{15} Msun within 8 degrees from the cluster center (2.2 Mpc radius),
and amounts to 1.7 virial mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3546 </DOCNO>
Reduction of the Glass Transition Temperature in Polymer Films: A


  We present results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for a non-entangled
polymer melt confined between two completely smooth and repulsive walls,
interacting with inner particles via the potential $U_{\rm wall}\myeq
(\sigma/z)^9$, where $z \myeq |z_{\rm particle}-z_{\rm wall}|$ and $\sigma$ is
(roughly) the monomer diameter. The influence of this confinement on the
dynamic behavior of the melt is studied for various film thicknesses
(wall-to-wall separations) $D$, ranging from about 3 to about 14 times the bulk
radius of gyration. A comparison of the mean-square displacements in the film
and in the bulk shows an acceleration of the dynamics due to the presence of
the walls. %Consistent with this result is the observation that, within %the
film, regions closer to the walls have higher mobility than those further %away
towards the film center. This leads to a reduction of the critical temperature,
$T_{\rm{c}}$, of mode-coupling theory with decreasing film thickness. Analyzing
the same data by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation, we also estimate the
VFT-temperature $T_{\rm{0}}(D)$. The ratio
$T_{\mr{0}}(D)/T^{\mr{bulk}}_{\mr{0}}$ decreases for smaller $D$ similarly to
$T_{\mr{c}}(D)/T^{\mr{bulk}}_{\mr{c}}$. These results are in qualitative
agreement with that of the glass transition temperature observed in some
experiments on supported polymer films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128691 </DOCNO>
Helical structures in Seyfert galaxies


  The Seyfert galaxies with Z-shaped emission filaments in the Narrow Line
Region (NLR) are considered. We assume that observable Z-shaped structures and
velocity pattern of NLR may be explained as tridimensional helical waves in the
ionization cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127472 </DOCNO>
GAIA Spectroscopy and Radial Velocities


  GAIA spectroscopic and radial velocity performancies are reviewed on the base
of ground-based test observations and simulations. The prospects for accurate
analysis of stellar atmospheres (temperature, gravity, chemical abundances,
rotation, peculiarities) and precise radial velocities (single stars, binaries,
pulsating stars) are colorful provided the spectral dispersion is high enough.
A higher dispersions also favors a given precision of radial velocities to be
reached at fainter magnitudes: for example, with current parameters for GAIA
spectrograph, a 1 km/sec accuracy on epoch RVs of a K0 star is reached at
V~13.0 mag with 0.25 Ang/pix dispersion spectra, at V~10.3 mag for 0.5 Ang/pix,
and V~6.7 mag for 1 Ang/pix. GAIA radial velocities for single stars can match
the ~0.5 km/sec mean accuracy of tangential motions at V=15 mag, provided the
observations are performed at a dispersion not less than 0.5 Ang/pix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99163 </DOCNO>
The canonical decomposition of once-punctured torus bundles


  In this paper, we determine the canonical polyhedral decomposition of every
hyperbolic once-punctured torus bundle over the circle. In fact, we show that
the only ideal polyhedral decomposition that is straight in the hyperbolic
structure and that is invariant under a certain involution is the ideal
triangulation defined by Floyd and Hatcher. Unlike previous work on this
problem, the techniques we use are not geometric. Instead, they involve angled
polyhedral decompositions, thin position and a version of almost normal surface
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150275 </DOCNO>
Getting the D-brane effective action from BPS configurations


  We review a method to find the non-abelian open superstring effective action,
thereby settling the issue of the ordering ambiguities. We start from solutions
to Yang-Mills which, in D-brane context, define certain BPS configurations.
Studying their deformations in the abelian case shows that the Born-Infeld
action is the unique deformation which admits solutions of this type. By
applying the method to the non-abelian case we calculated the full effective
action through O(\alpha'^3). The presence of derivative terms turns out to be
essential. Testing the result by comparing the spectrum in the presence of a
constant magnetic background field with the string theory prediction, we obtain
perfect agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73190 </DOCNO>
Probing the messenger of supersymmetry breaking by the muon anomalous


  Motivated by the recently measured muon's anomalous magnetic moment
$a_{\mu}$, we examine the supersymmetry contribution to $a_{\mu}$ in various
mediation models of supersymmetry breaking which lead to predictive flavor
conserving soft parameters at high energy scale. The studied models include
dilaton/modulus-mediated models in heterotic string/$M$ theory, gauge-mediated
model, no-scale or gaugino-mediated model, and also the minimal and deflected
anomaly-mediated models. For each model, the range of $a^{SUSY}_{\mu}$ allowed
by other experimental constraints, e.g. b --> s\gamma and the collider bounds
on superparticle masses, is obtained together with the corresponding parameter
region of the model. Gauge-mediated models with low messenger scale can give
any $a^{SUSY}_{\mu}$ within the $2\sigma$ bound. In many other models, b -->
s\gamma favors $a^{SUSY}_{\mu}$ smaller than either the $-1\sigma$ value
($26\times 10^{-10}$) or the central value ($42\times 10^{-10}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126097 </DOCNO>
Dark matter in Draco and the Local Group: Implications for direct


  We use a cosmological simulation of the Local Group to make quantitative and
speculative predictions for direct detection experiments. Cold dark matter
(CDM) halos form via a complex series of mergers, accretion events and violent
relaxation which precludes the formation of significant caustic features
predicted by axially symmetric collapse. The halo density profiles are combined
with observational constraints on the galactic mass distribution to constrain
the local density of cold dark matter to lie in the range 0.18 <~
rho_CDM(R_solar)/GeV cm^-3 <~ 0.30. In velocity space, coherent streams of dark
matter from tidally disrupted halos fill the halo and provide a tracer of the
merging hierarchy. The particle velocities within triaxial CDM halos cannot be
approximated by a simple Maxwellian distribution and is radially biased at the
solar position. The detailed phase space structure within the solar system will
depend on the early merger history of the progenitor halos and the importance
of major mergers over accretion dominated growth. We follow the formation of a
``Draco'' sized dSph halo of mass 10^8M_solar with several million particles
and high force accuracy. Its internal structure and substructure resembles that
of galactic or cluster mass halos: the density profile has a singular central
cusp and it contains thousands of sub-halos orbiting within its virial radius
demonstrating a self-similar nature to collisionless dark matter
sub-clustering. The singular cores of substructure halos always survive
complete tidal disruption although mass loss is continuous and rapid.
Extrapolating wildly to earth mass halos with velocity dispersion of 1 m s^-1
(roughly equal to the free streaming scale for neutralinos) we find that most
of the dark matter may remain attached to bound subhalos. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125397 </DOCNO>
Tidal torques dynamical friction and the structure of clusters of


  We study the joint effect of tidal torques and dynamical friction on the
collapse of density peaks solving numerically the equations of motion of a
shell of barionic matter falling into the central regions of a cluster of
galaxies. We calculate the evolution of the expansion parameter, a(t), of the
perturbation using a coefficient of dynamical friction eta_{cl} obtained from a
clustered system and taking into account the gravitational interaction of the
quadrupole moment of the system with the tidal field of the matter of the
neighboring proto-galaxies. We show that within high-density environments, such
as rich clusters of galaxies, tidal torques and dynamical friction slow down
the collapse of low-nu peaks producing an observable variation of the parameter
of expansion of the shell. As a consequence a bias of dynamical nature arises
because high-density peaks preferentially collapse to form halos within which
visible objects eventually will condense. For a standard Cold Dark Matter model
this dynamical bias can account for a substantial part of the total bias
required by observations on cluster scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41558 </DOCNO>
Correlations in the Charged-Particle Multiplicity Distribution


  In this thesis, we perform an analysis on e+e- hadronic Z decays recorded in
1994 and 1995 by the L3 detector of LEP at center-of-mass energy corresponding
to the Z mass. The analysis is performed in parallel for all hadronic events
and for selected b-quark and light-quark events.
  The distribution of two variables, the charged-particle multiplicity and the
inclusive charged-particle momentum are measured, from which all the analysis
is carried out.
  From the measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity distribution, it is
possible to extract information concerning the dynamics of the interaction.
Using moments, one can obtain informations on particle correlation. We measure
the Hq moments of the charged-particle multiplicity distribution which give the
relative amount of genuine q-particle correlation order q. An oscillatory
pattern is observed when the H_q moments are plotted versus the order q.
Comparisons with different theoretical approaches are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74838 </DOCNO>
Flavor Symmetry on Non-Commutative Compact Space and $SU(6) \times


  In the four-dimensional effective theory from string compactification
discrete flavor symmetries arise from symmetric structure of the compactified
space and generally contain both the $R$ symmetry and non-$R$ symmetry. We
point out that a new type of non-Abelian flavor symmetry can also appear if the
compact space is non- commutative. Introducing the dihedral group $D_4$ as such
a new type of flavor symmetry together with the $R$ symmetry and non-$R$
symmetry in $SU(6) \times SU(2)_R$ model, we explain not only fermion mass
hierarchies but also hierarchical energy scales including the breaking scale of
the GUT-type gauge symmetry, intermediate Majorana masses of R-handed neutrinos
and the scale of $\mu$-term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73448 </DOCNO>
Renormalizability and searching for Z' gauge bosons


  New observables for searching for Z' virtual states in processes
e^+e^-\to\bar{f}f are proposed. They are based on the relations following due
to renormalizability of an underlying theory between the parameters of the
low-energy effective Lagrangian. Two types of the Z' interactions are
considered. The observables allow to pick up uniquely the signals of both Z'
bosons. The search for the Z' at future linear colliders and the treating of
the LEP data are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148647 </DOCNO>
On free energy of 2-d black hole in bosonic string theory


  Trying to interpret recent matrix model results (hep-th/0101011) we discuss
computation of classical free energy of exact dilatonic 2-d black hole from the
effective action of string theory. The euclidean space-time action evaluated on
the black hole background is divergent due to linear dilaton vacuum
contribution, and its finite part depends on a subtraction procedure. The
thermodynamic approach based on subtracting the vacuum contribution for fixed
values of temperature and dilaton charge at the "wall" gives (as in the
leading-order black hole case) S= M/T for the entropy and zero value for the
free energy F. We suggest that in order to establish a correspondence with a
non-vanishing matrix model result for F one may need an alternative
reparametrization-invariant subtraction procedure using analogy with
non-critical string theory (i.e. replacing the spatial coordinate by the
dilaton field). The subtraction of the dilaton divergence then produces a
finite value for the free energy. We also propose a microscopic estimate for
the entropy and energy of the black hole based on the contribution of
non-singlet states of the matrix model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128928 </DOCNO>
An optimal extraction of spatially blended spectra


  We describe an algorithm to optimally extract individual spectra of blended
sources from a long slit spectrum. A semi-analytic model for the spatial
profile is used: a Voigt profile for the undersampled core with a numerical
correction applied to the wings. This is derived from an isolated source which
must also be placed on the slit. Chi^2 fitting is used to separate the blended
components with maximum weight given to the best data. We demonstrate the
successful application of the algorithm to data on two X-ray binaries in
crowded fields: XTE J2012+381 and V404 Cyg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168276 </DOCNO>
On the Incompatibility of Standard Quantum Mechanics and the de


  It is shown that the de Broglie-Bohm quantum theory of multi-particle systems
is incompatible with the standard quantum theory of such systems unless the
former is ergodic. A realistic experiment is suggested to distinguish between
the two theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76397 </DOCNO>
Gluon fusion production of the Higgs boson in a Calculable Model with


  In an extension of the Standard Model with one extra dimension and N=1
supersymmetry compactified on R^1/(Z_2 x Z'_2), we compute the Higgs boson
decay width into two gluons, relevant to Higgs production in hadronic
collisions. At one loop, the decay width is significantly suppressed with
respect to the SM. For a compactification radius 1/R = 370 \pm 70 GeV and a
Higgs mass m_H = 127 \pm 8 GeV, as expected in the case of a radiatively
generated Fayet-Iliopoulos term, we find it to be less than 15% of the SM
result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127014 </DOCNO>
Jet Formation and Collimation in AGN and microQuasars


  We briefly review our current understanding for the formation, acceleration
and collimation of winds to jets associated with compact astrophysical objects
such as AGN and microQuasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75401 </DOCNO>
Electron and muon electric dipoles in supersymmetric scenarios


  We study if a sizeable muon electric dipole can arise in supersymmetric
frameworks able to account for the tight experimental bounds on sfermion
masses, like an appropriate flavor symmetry, or like a flavor-blind mechanism
of SUSY breaking (in presence of radiative corrections charchteristic of GUT
models, or due to Yukawa couplings of neutrinos in see-saw models). In some
cases it is possible to evade the naive scaling d_mu/d_e = m_mu/m_e and obtain
a d_mu as large as 10^{-22--23} e cm. In most cases d_mu is around 10^{-24--25}
e cm and (d_mu/d_e)/(m_mu/m_e) is only slightly different from one: this ratio
contains interesting informations on the source of the dipoles and on the
texture of the lepton Yukawa matrix. We also update GUT predictions for mu -->
e gamma and related processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3106 </DOCNO>
Partitioning 3D space for parallel many-particle simulations


  In a common approach for parallel processing applied to simulations of
many-particle systems with short-ranged interactions and uniform density, the
simulation cell is partitioned into domains of equal shape and size, each of
which is assigned to one processor. We compare the commonly used simple-cubic
(SC) domain shape to domain shapes ch osen as the Voronoi cells of BCC and FCC
lattices. The latter two are found to result in superior partitionings with
respect to c ommunication overhead. Other domain shapes, relevant for a small
number of processors, are also discussed. The higher efficiency with BCC and
FCC partitionings is demonstrated in simulations of the sillium model for
amorphous silicon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76250 </DOCNO>
Anomaly-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking with Axion


  We construct hadronic axion models in the framework of the anomaly-mediated
supersymmetry breaking scenario. If the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking is
related to the supersymmetry breaking, mass spectrum of the minimal
anomaly-mediated scenario is modified, which may solve the negative slepton
mass problem in the minimal anomaly-mediated model. We find several classes of
phenomenologically viable models of axion within the framework of the anomaly
mediation and, in particular, we point out a new mechanism of stabilizing the
axion potential. In this class of models, the Peccei-Quinn scale is related to
the messenger scale. We also study phenomenological aspects of this class of
models. We will see that, in some case, the lightest particle among the
superpartners of the standard-model particles is stau while the lightest
superparticle becomes the axino, the superpartner of the axion. With such a
unique mass spectrum, conventional studies of the collider physics and
cosmology for supersymmetric models should be altered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125578 </DOCNO>
Optical spectroscopy of X-MEGA targets I. CPD -59 2635: A New


  Optical spectroscopy of CPD -59 2635, one of the O-type stars in the open
cluster Trumpler 16 in the Carina Nebula, reveals this star to be a
double-lined binary system. We have obtained the first radial velocity orbit
for this system, consisting of a circular solution with a period of 2.2999 days
and semi amplitudes of 208 and 273 km/s. This results in minimum masses of 15
and 11 Msol for the binary components of CPD -59 2635, which we classified as
O8V and O9.5V, though spectral type variations of the order of 1 subclass, that
we identify as the Struve-Sahade effect, seem to be present in both components.
  From ROSAT HRI observations of CPD -59 2635 we determine a luminosity ratio
log(L_x/L_bol)~ -7, which is similar to that observed for other O-type stars in
the Carina Nebula region. No evidence of light variations is present in the
available optical or X-rays data sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148120 </DOCNO>
Effective action of N = 4 super Yang-Mills: N = 2 superspace approach


  Using the N = 2 off-shell formulation in harmonic superspace for N = 4 super
Yang-Mills theory, we present a representation of the one-loop effective action
which is free of so-called coinciding harmonic singularities and admits a
straightforward evaluation of low-energy quantum corrections in the framework
of an N = 2 superfield heat kernel technique. We illustrate our approach by
computing the low-energy effective action on the Coulomb branch of SU(2) N = 4
super Yang-Mills. Our work provides the first derivation of the low-energy
action of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory directly in N = 2 superspace without
any reduction to N = 1 superfields and for a generic background N = 2
Yang-Mills multiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76077 </DOCNO>
Off-shell Suppression of Renormalons in Non-relativistic QCD Boundstates


  We study an effect of the off-shellness of the quark and antiquark inside a
heavy quarkonium system on IR renormalons contained in the perturbative
computations of the quarkonium energy levels. We demonstrate that, when the
off-shellness p_Q^2 -m_Q^2 \sim alpha_S^2 m_Q^2 is larger than m_Q Lambda_QCD,
renormalons in the energy levels as calculated in perturbative QCD are
suppressed by a factor Lambda_QCD/alpha_S^2 m_Q as compared to those in 2
m_pole + V_QCD(r). In this case the residual O(Lambda_QCD^4) renormalon has the
same dimension as that of the leading gluon-condensate contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83961 </DOCNO>
The Expresso Microarray Experiment Management System: The Functional


  Conception, design, and implementation of cDNA microarray experiments present
a variety of bioinformatics challenges for biologists and computational
scientists. The multiple stages of data acquisition and analysis have motivated
the design of Expresso, a system for microarray experiment management. Salient
aspects of Expresso include support for clone replication and randomized
placement; automatic gridding, extraction of expression data from each spot,
and quality monitoring; flexible methods of combining data from individual
spots into information about clones and functional categories; and the use of
inductive logic programming for higher-level data analysis and mining. The
development of Expresso is occurring in parallel with several generations of
microarray experiments aimed at elucidating genomic responses to drought stress
in loblolly pine seedlings. The current experimental design incorporates 384
pine cDNAs replicated and randomly placed in two specific microarray layouts.
We describe the design of Expresso as well as results of analysis with Expresso
that suggest the importance of molecular chaperones and membrane transport
proteins in mechanisms conferring successful adaptation to long-term drought
stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128179 </DOCNO>
New Results from Chandra


  We discuss two themes from Chandra observations of galaxies and clusters.
First, we describe the effects of radio-emitting plasmas or ``bubbles'',
inflated by active galactic nuclei, on the hot X-ray emitting gaseous
atmospheres in galaxies and clusters. We describe the interaction of the
``bubbles'' and the X-ray emitting gas as the buoyant bubbles rise through the
hot gas. Second, we describe sharp, edge-like surface brightness structures in
clusters. Chandra observations show that these features are not shock fronts as
was originally thought, but ``cold fronts'', most likely the boundaries of the
remaining cores of merger components. Finally, we present recent observations
of M86 and NGC507 which show similar sharp features around galaxies. For M86,
the sharp edge is the boundary between the galaxy's X-ray corona and the Virgo
cluster gas. The structures around NGC507, the central galaxy in a group, could
be relics of galaxy formation or may reflect the motion of NGC507 in the larger
potential of the group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179379 </DOCNO>
Multipole Analysis of a Benchmark Data Set for Pion Photoproduction


  We have fitted low- and medium-energy benchmark datasets employing methods
used in the MAID/SAID and dynamical model analyses. Independent fits from the
Mainz, RPI, Yerevan, and Kharkov groups have also been performed over the
low-energy region. Results for the multipole amplitudes are compared in order
to gauge the model-dependence of such fits, given identical data and a single
method for error handling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148392 </DOCNO>
A Heterotic N=2 String with Space-Time Supersymmetry


  We reconsider the issue of embedding space-time fermions into the
four-dimensional N=2 world-sheet supersymmetric string. A new heterotic theory
is constructed, taking the right-movers from the N=4 topological extension of
the conventional N=2 string but a c=0 conformal field theory supporting
target-space supersymmetry for the left-moving sector. The global bosonic
symmetry of the full formalism proves to be U(1,1), just as in the usual N=2
string. Quantization reveals a spectrum of only two physical states, one boson
and one fermion, which fall in a multiplet of (1,0) supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4134 </DOCNO>
Multi-flavor Dirac fermions in a random vector potential: Lattice


  In the previous paper we studied Dirac fermions in a non-Abelian random
vector potential by using lattice supersymmetry. By the lattice regularization,
the system of disordered Dirac fermions is defined without any ambiguities. We
showed there that at strong-disorder limit correlation function of the fermion
local density of states decays algebraically at the band center. In this paper,
we shall reexamine the multi-flavor or multi-species case rather in detail and
argue that the correlator at the band center decays {\em exponentially} for the
case of a {\em large} number of flavors. This means that a
delocalization-localization phase transition occurs as the number of flavors is
increased. This discussion is supported by the recent numerical studied on
multi-flavor QCD at the strong-coupling limit, which shows that the phase
structure of QCD drastically changes depending on the number of flavors. The
above behaviour of the correlator of the random Dirac fermions is closely
related with how the chiral symmetry is realized in QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179520 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Pseudospin Symmetry in Nuclei


  We review recent developments that show that pseudospin symmetry is an
approximate relativistic symmetry of the Dirac Hamiltonian with realistic
nuclear mean field potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98662 </DOCNO>
R-matrix presentation for (super)-Yangians Y(g)


  We give a RTT presentation of (super)-Yangians Y(g) for g=so(n), sp(2n) and
osp(m|2n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86733 </DOCNO>
Gauge fixation and global phase time for minisuperspaces


  Homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models whose Hamilton-Jacobi equation
is separable are deparametrized by turning their action functional into that of
an ordinary gauge system. Canonical gauge conditions imposed on the gauge
system are used to define a global phase time in terms of the canonical
coordinates and momenta of the minisuperspaces. The procedure clearly shows how
the geometry of the constraint surface restricts the choice of time; the
consequences that this has on the path integral quantization are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3096 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative field theory description of quantum Hall skyrmions


  We revisit the quantum Hall system with no Zeeman splitting energy using the
noncommutative field theory. We analyze the BPS condition for the
delta-function interaction near the filling factor $\nu=1$. Multi-skyrmions are
shown to saturate the BPS bounds. The dimension of the moduli space of $k$
skyrmions is $4k+2$. Advantage of the noncommutative field description is
demonstrated through the derivation of the effective nonlinear $\sigma$ model
Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149581 </DOCNO>
On the Berkovits Covariant Quantization of GS Superstring


  We study the covariant quantization of the Green-Schwarz (GS) superstrings
proposed recently by Berkovits. In particular, we reformulate the Berkovits
approach in a way that clarifies its relation with the GS approach and allows
to derive in a straightforward way its extension to curved spacetime
background. We explain the procedure working explicitly in the case of the
heterotic string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83627 </DOCNO>
Local Search Techniques for Constrained Portfolio Selection Problems


  We consider the problem of selecting a portfolio of assets that provides the
investor a suitable balance of expected return and risk. With respect to the
seminal mean-variance model of Markowitz, we consider additional constraints on
the cardinality of the portfolio and on the quantity of individual shares. Such
constraints better capture the real-world trading system, but make the problem
more difficult to be solved with exact methods. We explore the use of local
search techniques, mainly tabu search, for the portfolio selection problem. We
compare and combine previous work on portfolio selection that makes use of the
local search approach and we propose new algorithms that combine different
neighborhood relations. In addition, we show how the use of randomization and
of a simple form of adaptiveness simplifies the setting of a large number of
critical parameters. Finally, we show how our techniques perform on public
benchmarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128857 </DOCNO>
Constraining the Matter Power Spectrum Normalization using the SDSS/RASS


  We describe a new approach to constrain the amplitude of the power spectrum
of matter perturbations in the Universe, parametrized by sigma_8 as a function
of the matter density Omega_0. We compare the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity
function of the REFLEX survey with the theoretical mass function of Jenkins et
al. (2001), using the mass-luminosity relationship obtained from weak lensing
data for a sample of galaxy clusters identified in Sloan Digital Sky Survey
commissioning data and confirmed through cross-correlation with the ROSAT
all-sky survey. We find sigma_8 = 0.38 Omega_0^(-0.48+0.27 Omega_ 0), which is
significantly different from most previous results derived from comparable
calculations that used the X-ray temperature function. We discuss possible
sources of systematic error that may cause such a discrepancy, and in the
process uncover a possible inconsistency between the REFLEX luminosity function
and the relation between cluster X-ray luminosity and mass obtained by Reiprich
& Bohringer (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 582 </DOCNO>
Direct link between Coulomb blockade and shot noise in a quantum


  We analyze the current-voltage characteristic of a quantum conduction channel
coupled to an electromagnetic environment of arbitrary frequency-dependent
impedance. In the weak blockade regime the correction to the ohmic behavior is
directly related to the channel current fluctuations vanishing at perfect
transmission in the same way as shot noise. This relation can be generalized to
describe the environmental Coulomb blockade in a generic mesoscopic conductor
coupled to an external impedance, as the response of the latter to the current
fluctuations in the former.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169429 </DOCNO>
A random matrix approach to decoherence


  In order to analyze the effect of chaos or order on the rate of decoherence
in a subsystem, we aim to distinguish effects of the two types of dynamics by
choosing initial states as random product states from two factor spaces
representing two subsystems. We introduce a random matrix model that permits to
vary the coupling strength between the subsystems. The case of strong coupling
is analyzed in detail, and we find no significant differences except for very
low-dimensional spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124024 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observation of RXJ1720.1+2638: a Nearly Relaxed Cluster with a


  We have analyzed the Chandra observation of the distant (z=0.164) galaxy
cluster RXJ1720.1+2638 in which we find sharp features in the X-ray surface
brightness on opposite sides of the X-ray peak: an edge at about 250 h_50^{-1}
kpc to the South-East and a plateau at about 130 h_50^{-1} kpc to the
North-West. The surface brightness edge and the plateau can be modeled as a gas
density discontinuity (jump) and a slope change (break). The temperature
profiles suggest that the jump and the break are the boundaries of a central,
group-size (d=380h_50^{-1} kpc), dense, cold (T=4 keV) gas cloud, embedded in a
diffuse hot (T=10 keV) intracluster medium. The density jump and the
temperature change across the discontinuity are similar to the ``cold fronts''
discovered by Chandra in A2142 and A3667, and suggest subsonic motion of this
central gas cloud with respect to the cluster itself. The most natural
explanation is that we are observing a merger in the very last stage before the
cluster becomes fully relaxed. However, the data are also consistent with an
alternative scenario in which RXJ1720.1+2638 is the result of the collapse of
two co-located density perturbations, the first a group-scale perturbation
collapse followed by a second cluster-scale perturbation collapse that
surrounded, but did not destroy, the first one. We also show that, because of
the core motion, the total mass inside the cluster core, derived under the
assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium, may underestimate the true cluster mass.
If widespread, such motion may partially explain the discrepancy between X-ray
and the strong lensing mass determinations found in some clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3049 </DOCNO>
Thermoelectric effects in Kondo correlated quantum dots


  In this Letter we study thermoelectric effects in ultra small quantum dots.
We study the behaviour of the thermopower, Peltier coefficient and thermal
conductance both in the sequencial tunneling regime and in the regime where
Kondo correlations develope. Both cases of linear response and non-equilibrium
induced by strong temperature gradients are considered. The thermopower is a
very sensitive tool to detect Kondo correlations. It changes sign both as a
function of temperature and temperature gradient. We also discuss violations of
the Wiedemann-Franz law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4311 </DOCNO>
Competition of Spin-Fluctuations and Phonons in Superconductivity of


  It has been long suspected that spin fluctuations in the weak itinerant
ferromagnet ZrZn2 may lead to a triplet superconductivity in this material.
Here we point out another possibility, a spatially inhomogeneous singlet
superconducting state (a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state). We report
detailed electronic structure calculations, as well as calculations of the zone
center phonons and their coupling with electrons. We find that the exchange
splitting is nonuniform and may allow for gap formation at some parts of the
Fermi surface. We also find that there is substantial coupling of Zr rattling
modes with electrons, which can, in principle, provide the necessary pairing in
the s-channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113564 </DOCNO>
Tight open knots


  The most tight conformations of prime knots are found with the use of the
SONO algorithm. Their curvature and torsion profiles are calculated. Symmetry
of the knots is analysed. Connections with the physics of polymers are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4108 </DOCNO>
The Origin of a Repose Angle: Kinetics of Rearrangements for Granular


  A microstructural theory of dense granular materials is presented, based on
two main ideas. Firstly, that macroscopic shear results form activated local
rearrangements at a mesoscopic scale. Secondly, that the update frequency of
microscopic processes is determined by granular temperature. In a shear cell,
the resulting constitutive equations account for Bagnold's scaling and for the
existence of a Coulomb criterion of yield. In the case of a granular flow down
an inclined plane, they account for the rheology observed in recent experiments
and for the temperature and velocity profiles measured numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168329 </DOCNO>
QED derived from the two-body interaction (2) The derivation


  We have shown in a previous paper that the Dirac bispinor can vary like a
four-vector and that Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) can be reproduced with this
form of behaviour.(2) We have also shown in part I (3) of this paper, that QED
with the same transformational behaviour also holds in a second space which we
called M-space. Here we use M-space to show that QED can be reduced to two
simple rules for a two-body interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7188 </DOCNO>
A theorem on the absence of phase transitions in one-dimensional growth


  We rigorously prove that a wide class of one-dimensional growth models with
onsite periodic potential, such as the discrete sine-Gordon model, have no
phase transition at any temperature $T>0$. The proof relies on the spectral
analysis of the transfer operator associated to the models. We show that this
operator is Hilbert-Schmidt and that its maximum eigenvalue is an analytic
function of temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128221 </DOCNO>
A search for high redshift clusters associated with radio galaxies at 2


  High redshift radio galaxies are amongst the most massive galaxies in the
early Universe and have properties expected from central galaxies in forming
clusters. We are carrying out an observational programme on the VLT to find and
study galaxy proto clusters around radio galaxies at redshifts 2 < z < 4.
First, we use narrow band imaging to select candidate galaxies which show
excess Lyman alpha emission at redshifts similar to the central radio galaxy.
Then, we use multi object spectroscopy to confirm the redshifts of these
candidates and measure the velocity dispersion of the cluster members. Our goal
is to observe a sample of about 10 targets and investigate galaxy overdensities
as a function of redshift. Here, we report on the current progress of the
programme and show some preliminary results which include the discovery of a
structure of galaxies at redshift 4.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76340 </DOCNO>
Phase space veto method for next-to-leading order event generators in


  A method for organizing next-to-leading order QCD calculations using a veto
which enforces the cancellations between virtual and real emission diagrams is
applied to hadronic collisions. The method employs phase space slicing with the
slicing parameter determined dynamically event-by-event. It allows for the
generation of unweighted events and can be consistently merged with a parton
shower. The end product is more intuitive for the end user, as it is
probabilistic, and can be easily interfaced to general purpose showering and
hadronization programs to obtain a complete event description suitable for
experimental analyses. As an example an event generator for the process pp -->
Z + X at NLO is presented and interfaced consistently to the PYTHIA shower and
hadronization package.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124004 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Blastwaves and Synchrotron Emission


  Relativistic shocks accelerate particles by the first order Fermi mechanism.
These particles then emit synchrotron emission in the post shock gas. We have
developed a numerical code which integrates the relativistic Euler equations
for fluid dynamics with a general equation of state, together with the
Liouville equation for the accelerated particles. We present tests of this code
and, in addition, we use it to study the gamma ray burst afterglow predicted by
the fireball model, along with the hydrodynamics of a relativistic blastwave.
  We find that, while, broadly speaking, the behaviour of the emission is
similar to that already predicted with semi-analytic approaches, the detailed
behaviour is somewhat different. The ``breaks'' in the synchrotron spectrum
behave differently with time, and the spectrum above the final break is harder
than previously expected. These effects are due to the incorporation of the
geometry of the (spherical) blastwave, along with relativistic beaming and
adiabatic cooling of the energetic particles leading to a mix, in the observed
spectrum, between recently injected "uncooled" particles and the older "cooled"
population in different parts of the evolving, inhomogeneous flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76742 </DOCNO>
Dimensional Reduction over Coset Spaces and Supersymmetry Breaking


  We address the question of supersymmetry breaking of a higher dimensional
supersymmetric theory due to coset space dimensional reduction. In particular
we study a ten-dimensional supersymmetric $E_{8}$ gauge theory which is reduced
over all six-dimensional coset spaces. We find that the original supersymmetry
is completely broken in the process of dimensional reduction when the coset
spaces are symmetric. On the contrary softly broken four-dimensional
supersymmetric theories result when the coset spaces are non-symmetric. From
our analysis two promising cases are emerging which lead to interesting GUTs
with three fermion families in four dimensions, one being non-supersymmetric
and the other softly broken supersymmetric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148687 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Moyal-Lax Representations


  The super Moyal-Lax representation and the super Moyal momentum algebra are
introduced and the properties of simple and extended supersymmetric integrable
models are systematically investigated. It is shown that, much like in the
bosonic cases, the super Moyal-Lax equation can be interpreted as a Hamiltonian
equation and can be derived from an action. Similarly, we show that the
parameter of non-commutativity, in this case, is related to the central charge
of the second Hamiltonian structure of the system. The super Moyal-Lax
description allows us to go to the dispersionless limit of these models in a
singular limit and we discuss some of the properties of such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74079 </DOCNO>
Correlations of errors in measurements of CP violation at neutrino


  Using $\Delta\chi^2$ which is defined by the difference of the number of
events with the CP phase $\delta$ and the hypothetical one with $\delta=0$, we
discuss correlations of errors of the CP phase and other oscillation parameters
as well as the matter effect in measurements at neutrino factories. By varying
the oscillation parameters and the normalization of the matter effect, we
evaluated the data size required to reject a hypothesis with $\delta=0$ at
3$\sigma$CL. The optimum muon energy and the baseline depends on the magnitude
of $\theta_{13}$, the background fraction, the uncertainty of the normalization
of the matter effect, but in general lie in the ranges 20GeV $\lesssim
E_\mu\lesssim$ 50GeV, 1000km$\lesssim L\lesssim$3000km. If we assume that the
uncertainty of the matter effect is as large as 20% then the optimum values may
be modified to $E_\mu\lesssim$ 10GeV, $L\lesssim$1000km due to the strong
correlation of $\delta$ and the matter effect. We show analytically that
sensitivity to CP violation is lost for $E_\mu\ll$ 10GeV or for $E_\mu\gg$
50GeV. We also discuss the possibility of measuring CP violation at the
upgraded JHF experiment by taking all the error correlations into account, and
show that it is possible to demonstrate $\delta\ne0$ at 3$\sigma$CL for
$\theta_{13}\gtrsim 3^\circ$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73109 </DOCNO>
The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment: A Harbinger For "New Physics"


  QED, Hadronic, and Electroweak Standard Model contributions to the muon
anomalous magnetic moment, a_mu = (g_mu-2)/2, and their theoretical
uncertainties are scrutinized. The status and implications of the recently
reported 2.6 sigma experiment vs.theory deviation a_mu^{exp}-a_mu^{SM} =
426(165) times 10^{-11} are discussed. Possible explanations due to
supersymmetric loop effects with m_{SUSY} \simeq 55 sqrt{tan beta} GeV,
radiative mass mechanisms at the 1--2 TeV scale and other ``New Physics''
scenarios are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98644 </DOCNO>
Cartan Determinants and Shapovalov forms


  We compute the determinant of the Gram matrix of the Shapovalov form on
weight spaces of the basic representation of an affine Kac-Moody algebra of ADE
type (possibly twisted). As a consequence, we obtain explicit formulae for the
determinants of the Cartan matrices of $p$-blocks of the symmetric group and
its double cover, and of the associated Hecke algebras at roots of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2933 </DOCNO>
Exploring phase coherence in a 2D lattice of Bose-Einstein condensates


  Bose-Einstein condensates of rubidium atoms are stored in a two-dimensional
periodic dipole force potential, formed by a pair of standing wave laser
fields. The resulting potential consists of a lattice of tightly confining
tubes, each filled with a 1D quantum gas. Tunnel-coupling between neighboring
tubes is controlled by the intensity of the laser fields. By observing the
interference pattern of atoms released from more than 3000 individual lattice
tubes the phase coherence of the coupled quantum gases is studied. The lifetime
of the condensate in the lattice and the dependence of the interference pattern
on the lattice configuration are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6060 </DOCNO>
Dislocation loops in overheated free-standing smectic films


  Static and dynamic phenomena in overheated free-standing smectic-A films are
studied using a generalization of de Gennes' theory for a confined presmectic
liquid. A static application is to determine the profile of the film meniscus
and the meniscus contact angle, the results being compared with those of a
recent study employing de Gennes' original theory. The dynamical generalization
of the theory is based on on a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau approach. This is
used to compare two modes for layer-thinning transitions in overheated films,
namely "uniform thinning" vs. nucleation of dislocation loops. Properties such
as the line tension and velocity of a moving dislocation line are evaluated
self-consistently by the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114004 </DOCNO>
Meta-Data Objects as the Basis for System Evolution


  One of the main factors driving object-oriented software development in the
Web- age is the need for systems to evolve as user requirements change. A
crucial factor in the creation of adaptable systems dealing with changing
requirements is the suitability of the underlying technology in allowing the
evolution of the system. A reflective system utilizes an open architecture
where implicit system aspects are reified to become explicit first-class
(meta-data) objects. These implicit system aspects are often fundamental
structures which are inaccessible and immutable, and their reification as
meta-data objects can serve as the basis for changes and extensions to the
system, making it self- describing. To address the evolvability issue, this
paper proposes a reflective architecture based on two orthogonal abstractions -
model abstraction and information abstraction. In this architecture the
modeling abstractions allow for the separation of the description meta-data
from the system aspects they represent so that they can be managed and
versioned independently, asynchronously and explicitly. A practical example of
this philosophy, the CRISTAL project, is used to demonstrate the use of
meta-data objects to handle system evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149803 </DOCNO>
Oscillator Representation of the BCFT Construction of D-branes in Vacuum


  Starting from the boundary CFT definition for the D-branes in vacuum string
field theory (VSFT) given in hep-th/0105168, we derive the oscillator
expression for the D24-brane solution in the VSFT on D25-brane. We show that
the state takes the form of a squeezed state, similar to the one found directly
in terms of the oscillators and reported in hep-th/0102112. Both the solutions
are actually one parameter families of solutions. We also find numerical
evidence that at least for moderately large values of the parameter $(b)$ in
the oscillator construction the two families of solutions are same under a
suitable redefinition of the parameter. Finally we generalize the method to
computing the oscillator expression for a D-brane solution with constant gauge
field strength turned on along the world volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75128 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constraint on the Zee model


  It is well known that the Zee model induces small neutrino masses by
radiative corrections, where the bi-maximal flavor mixing is possible. We
analyze the cosmological condition in order for the baryon asymmetry generated
in the early universe not to be washed out in the
 Zee model. Since the lepton number is violated explicitly in the Zee model,
the baryon asymmetry might be washed out through the sphaleron processes
together with the lepton-number violating interactions. In this letter, we will
show that the baryon asymmetry is {\it not} washed out, although it has been
said that the Zee model cannot preserve the baryon asymmetry generated in the
early universe. This can be seen by considering an approximately conserved
number, $L' \equiv
 L_e-L_\mu-L_\tau$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75878 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of Frohlich and Marchetti monopole creation operator


  The monopole creation operator proposed recently by Frohlich and Marchetti is
investigated in the Abelian Higgs model with compact gauge field. We show
numerically that the creation operator detects the condensation of monopoles in
the presence of the dynamical matter field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4992 </DOCNO>
Orbital ferromagnetism and anomalous Hall effect in antiferromagnets on


  The Berry phase due to the spin wavefunction gives rise to the orbital
ferromagnetism and anomalous Hall effect in the non-coplanar antiferromagnetic
ordered state on face centered cubic (fcc) lattice once the crystal is
distorted perpendicular to (1,1,1) or (1,1,0)- plane. The relevance to the real
systems $\gamma$-FeMn and NiS$_2$ is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1745 </DOCNO>
The order-disorder character of the (3x3) to (sqrt3 x sqrt3)R30&#176;


  Growing attention has been drawn in the past years to the \alpha-phase
 (1/3 monolayer) of Sn on Ge(111), which undergoes a transition from the low
temperature (3x3) phase to the room temperature (\sqrt3 x \sqrt3)R30&#176; one.
On the basis of scanning tunnelling microscopy experiments, this transition was
claimed to be the manifestation of a surface charge density wave (SCDW), i.e. a
periodic redistribution of charge, possibly accompanied by a periodic lattice
distortion, which determines a change of the surface symmetry.
  Recent He diffraction studies of the (3x3) long range order have shown the
transition to be of the order-disorder type with a critical temperature Tc=220
K and belonging to the 3-state Potts' universality class. These findings
clearly exclude an SCDW driven mechanism at 220 K, but they cannot exclude the
occurence of a displacive transition at higher temperature. Here we present
photoelectron diffraction data taken at 300 K and photoemission data taken up
to 500 K (which is the maximum temperature where the (\sqrt3 x \sqrt3)R30&#176;
is stable) . From our analysis it is shown that the atomic structure of the Sn
overlayer does not change throughout the transition up to 500 K. As a
consequence the displacive hypothesis must be discarded in favour of a genuine
order-disorder model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74510 </DOCNO>
Generalized parton distributions in the deuteron


  We introduce generalized quark and gluon distributions in the deuteron, which
can be measured in exclusive processes like deeply virtual Compton scattering
and meson electroproduction. We discuss the basic properties of these
distributions, and point out how they probe the interplay of nucleon and parton
degrees of freedom in the deuteron wave function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128050 </DOCNO>
CMB anisotropy: deviations from Gaussianity due to non-linear gravity


  Non-linear evolution of cosmological energy density fluctuations triggers
deviations from Gaussianity in the temperature distribution of the cosmic
microwave background. A method to estimate these deviations is proposed. N-body
simulations -- in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology -- are used to simulate the strongly
non-linear evolution of cosmological structures. It is proved that these
simulations can be combined with the potential approximation to calculate the
statistical moments of the CMB anisotropies produced by non-linear gravity.
Some of these moments are computed and the resulting values are different from
those corresponding to Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5659 </DOCNO>
Spin, spin-orbit, and electron-electron interactions in mesoscopic


  We review recent theoretical developments about the role of spins,
electron-electron interactions, and spin-orbit coupling in metal nanoparticles
and semiconductor quantum dots. For a closed system, in the absence of
spin-orbit coupling or of an external magnetic field, electron-electron
interactions make it possible to have ground states with spin $S > 1/2$. We
review here a theoretical analysis which makes predictions for the probability
of finding various values of spin $S$ for an irregular particle in the limit
where the number of electron is large but finite. We also present results for
the probability distribution of the spacing between successive groundstate
energies in such a particle. In a metallic particle with strong spin-orbit
interactions, for odd electron number, the groundstate has a Kramers'
degeneracy, which is split linearly by a weak applied magnetic field. The
splitting may be characterized by an effective $g$-tensor whose principal axes
and eigenvalues vary from one level to another. Recent calculations have
addressed the joint probability distribution, including the anisotropy, of the
eigenvalues. The peculiar form of the spin-orbit coupling for a two-dimensional
electron system in a GaAs heterostructure or quantum well leads to a strong
suppression of spin-orbit effects when the electrons are confined in a small
quantum dot. Spin-effects can be enhanced, however, in the presence of an
applied magnetic field parallel to the layer, which may explain recent
observations on fluctuations in the conductances through such dots. We also
discuss possible explanations for the experimental observations by Davidovic
and Tinkham of a multiplet splitting of the lowest resonance in the tunneling
conductance through a gold nano-particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4166 </DOCNO>
MgB2 tunnel junctions and 19 K low-noise dc superconducting quantum


  Point contact junctions made from two pieces of MgB2 can be adjusted to
exhibit either superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) or
superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) current-voltage
characteristics. The SIS characteristics are in good agreement with the
standard tunneling model for s-wave superconductors, and yield an energy gap of
(2.02 +/- 0.08) meV. The SNS characteristics are in good agreement with the
predictions of the resistively-shunted junction model. DC Superconducting
QUantum Interference Devices made from two SNS junctions yield magnetic field
noise as low as 35 fT/Hz^{1/2} at 19 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2600 </DOCNO>
On the small-scale statistics of Lagrangian turbulence


  We provide evidence that the small-scale statistics of the acceleration of a
test particle in high-Reynolds number Lagrangian turbulence is correctly
described by Tsallis statistics with entropic index q=3/2. We present
theoretical arguments why Tsallis statistics can naturally arise in Lagrangian
turbulence and why at the smallest scales q=3/2 is relevant. A generalized
Heisenberg-Yaglom formula is derived from the nonextensive model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76731 </DOCNO>
A remark on non-Abelian classical kinetic theory


  It is known that non-Abelian classical kinetic theory reproduces the Hard
Thermal/Dense Loop (HTL/HDL) effective action of QCD, obtained after
integrating out the hardest momentum scales from the system, as well as the
first higher dimensional operator beyond the HTL/HDL level. We discuss here its
applicability at still higher orders, by comparing the exact classical
effective action obtained in the static limit, with the 1-loop quantum
effective potential. We remark that while correct types of operators arise, the
classical colour algebra reproduces correctly the prefactor of the 4-point
function $tr A_0^4$ only for matter in asymptotically high dimensional colour
representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81137 </DOCNO>
Monopoles, confinement and deconfinement of (2+1)D compact lattice QED


  The compact Abelian model in three space--time dimensions is studied in the
presence of external electromagnetic fields at finite temperatures. We show
that the deconfinement phase transition is independent on the strength of the
external fields. This result is in agreement with our observation that the
external fields create small--size magnetic dipoles from the vacuum which do
not influence the confining properties of the model. Contrary to the
deconfinement phase, the internal field in the direction of the applied
external field is attenuated in the confinement phase, this screening becomes
stronger with decreasing temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96428 </DOCNO>
Relationships between conjectures on the structure of pro-p Galois


  We consider the canonical representation of the absolute Galois group of the
rational numbers in the outer automorphism group of the pro-p completion of the
fundamental group of the projective line minus 0,1, and infinity. Deligne has
conjectured that a certain graded Z_p-Lie algebra arising from this
representation becomes a free p-adic Lie algebra on one element in each odd
degree starting with 3 when tensored with the Q_p. We construct good choices of
these elements and use them to examine the structure of the Z_p-Lie algebra. In
particular, we consider how its structure depends upon the regularity of the
prime p by examining a consequence of Greenberg's conjecture in multivariable
Iwasawa theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83545 </DOCNO>
Cavity Matchings, Label Compressions, and Unrooted Evolutionary Trees


  We present an algorithm for computing a maximum agreement subtree of two
unrooted evolutionary trees. It takes O(n^{1.5} log n) time for trees with
unbounded degrees, matching the best known time complexity for the rooted case.
Our algorithm allows the input trees to be mixed trees, i.e., trees that may
contain directed and undirected edges at the same time. Our algorithm adopts a
recursive strategy exploiting a technique called label compression. The
backbone of this technique is an algorithm that computes the maximum weight
matchings over many subgraphs of a bipartite graph as fast as it takes to
compute a single matching.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127580 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Planetary Nebulae I. An improved synthetic model


  We present a new synthetic model to follow the evolution of a planetary
nebula (PN) and its central star, starting from the onset of AGB phase up to
the white dwarf cooling sequence. The model suitably combines various
analytical prescriptions to account for different (but inter-related) aspects
of planetary nebulae, such as: the dynamical evolution of the primary shell and
surrounding ejecta, the photoionisation of H and He by the central star, the
nebular emission of a few relevant optical lines (e.g. Hbeta; HeII4686;
[OIII]5007). Predictions of the synthetic model are tested by comparison with
both findings of hydrodynamical calculations, and observations of Galactic PNe.
The sensitiveness of the results to the models parameters (e.g. transition
time, mass of the central star, H-/He-burning tracks, etc.) is also discussed.
We briefly illustrate the systematic differences that are expected in the
luminosities and lifetimes of PNe with either H- or He-burning central stars,
which result in different ``detection probabilities'' across the H-R diagram,
in both Hbeta and [OIII]5007 lines. Adopting reasonable values of the model
parameters, we are able to reproduce, in a satisfactory way, many general
properties of PNe, like the ionised mass--nebular radius relationship, the
trends of a few main nebular line ratios, and the observed ranges of nebular
shell thicknesses, electron densities, and expansion velocities. The models
naturally predict also the possible transitions from optically-thick to
optically-thin configurations (and vice versa). In this context, the origin of
the Zanstra discrepancy is also analysed. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129697 </DOCNO>
Probing the Central Engine of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies


  The central engine of the the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies is being probed.
We use the ASCA and RXTE data to model the X-ray primary continuum as well as
the reflected component and iron $K\alpha$ line. Since these are strongly
coupled, we obtain independent measurements of the disc ionization level and
the orientation dependent reflection amplitude. Using the available Optical/UV
data we also estimate the black hole masses and the $L/L_{Edd}$ ratios, which
are probably related to Boroson & Green eigenvector~1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124135 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the nuclear emission from the Circinus galaxy: the torus


  In the context of the unified model of Seyfert galaxies, we use observations
from the literature and a radiative transfer model to investigate the near-IR
to mm emission produced by the presumed torus in the Circinus galaxy, from
2microns to 1.3mm. From the infrared SED modelling, we find that the total
luminosity (L_{IR}) in this wavelength range, consists of similar contributions
from the torus and starburst with a ratio of nuclear luminosity to starburst
luminosity (L_{NUC}/L_{SB}) approx. 0.8.
  By using a similar torus model to that of NGC1068, but without the conical
dust, we find an upper limit to the outer torus radius of approx. 12pc with a
best fit of approx. 2pc. The upper limit torus size estimated from the
radiative transfer modelling is consistent with the 16pc torus radius estimated
from near-IR imaging polarimetry of Circinus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4175 </DOCNO>
Tunable adsorption on carbon nanotubes


  We investigated the adsorption of a single atom, hydrogen and aluminum, on
single wall carbon nanotubes from first-principles. The adsorption is
exothermic, and the associated binding energy varies inversely as the radius of
the zigzag tube. We found that the adsorption of a single atom and related
properties can be modified continuously and reversibly by the external radial
deformation. The binding energy on the high curvature site of the deformed tube
increases with increasing radial deformation. The effects of curvature and
radial deformation depend on the chirality of the tube.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73022 </DOCNO>
High-precision calculation of multi-loop Feynman integrals by difference


  We describe a new method of calculation of generic multi-loop master
integrals based on the numerical solution of systems of difference equations in
one variable. We show algorithms for the construction of the systems using
integration-by-parts identities and methods of solutions by means of expansions
in factorial series and Laplace's transformation. We also describe new
algorithms for the identification of master integrals and the reduction of
generic Feynman integrals to master integrals, and procedures for generating
and solving systems of differential equations in masses and momenta for master
integrals. We apply our method to the calculation of the master integrals of
massive vacuum and self-energy diagrams up to three loops and of massive vertex
and box diagrams up to two loops. Implementation in a computer program of our
approach is described. Important features of the implementation are: the
ability to deal with hundreds of master integrals and the ability to obtain
very high precision results expanded at will in the number of dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168215 </DOCNO>
Slow group velocity and Cherenkov radiation


  We theoretically study the effect of ultraslow group velocities on the
emission of Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation in a coherently driven medium. We show
that in this case the aperture of the group cone on which the intensity of the
radiation peaks is much smaller than that of the usual wave cone associated
with the Cherenkov coherence condition. We show that such a singular behaviour
may be observed in a coherently driven ultracold atomic gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73224 </DOCNO>
The flavor-changing rare top decays $t\to c V V$ in topcolor-assisted


  In the framework of topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) theory, we calculate
the contributions of the scalars(the neutral top-pion $\pi_{t}^{0}$ and the
top-Higgs $h_{t}^{0}$) to the flavor-changing rare top decays $t\to c V V$(V=
W, g, $\gamma$ or Z). Our results show that $h_{t}^{0}$ can enhance the
standard model $B_{r}^{SM}(t\longrightarrow cWW)$ by several orders of
magnitude for most of the parameter space. The peak of the branching ratio
resonance emerges when the top-Higgs mass is between $2m_{W}$ and $m_{t}$. The
branching ratio $ B_{r}(t\to c W W)$ can reach $ 10^{-3}$ in the narrow range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5108 </DOCNO>
Quantum thermodynamics of systems with anomalous dissipative coupling


  The standard {\em system-plus-reservoir} approach used in the study of
dissipative systems can be meaningfully generalized to a dissipative coupling
involving the momentum, instead of the coordinate: the corresponding equation
of motion differs from the Langevin equation, so this is called {\em anomalous}
dissipation. It occurs for systems where such coupling can indeed be derived
from the physical analysis of the degrees of freedom which can be treated as a
dissipation bath. Starting from the influence functional corresponding to
anomalous dissipation, it is shown how to derive the effective classical
potential that gives the quantum thermal averages for the dissipative system in
terms of classical-like calculations; the generalization to many degrees of
freedom is given. The formalism is applied to a single particle in a
double-well and to the discrete $\phi^4$ model. At variance with the standard
case, the fluctuations of the coordinate are enhanced by anomalous dissipative
coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148382 </DOCNO>
Compact and Noncompact Gauged Maximal Supergravities in Three Dimensions


  We present the maximally supersymmetric three-dimensional gauged
supergravities. Owing to the special properties of three dimensions --
especially the on-shell duality between vector and scalar fields, and the
purely topological character of (super)gravity -- they exhibit an even richer
structure than the gauged supergravities in higher dimensions. The allowed
gauge groups are subgroups of the global E_8 symmetry of ungauged N=16
supergravity. They include the regular series SO(p,8-p) x SO(p,8-p) for all
p=0,1,...,4, the group E_8 itself, as well as various noncompact forms of the
exceptional groups E_7, E_6 and F_4 x G_2. We show that all these theories
admit maximally supersymmetric ground states, and determine their background
isometries, which are superextensions of the anti-de Sitter group SO(2,2). The
very existence of these theories is argued to point to a new supergravity
beyond the standard D=11 supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169230 </DOCNO>
A Scalable Configuration for Quantum Computation with Atomic Qubits:


  We experimentally demonstrate novel structures for the realisation of
registers of atomic qubits: We trap neutral atoms in one and two-dimensional
arrays of far-detuned dipole traps obtained by focusing a red-detuned laser
beam with a microfabricated array of microlenses. We are able to selectively
address individual trap sites due to their large lateral separation of 125
$\mu$m. We initialize and read out different internal states for the individual
sites. We also create two interleaved sets of trap arrays with adjustable
separation, as required for many proposed implementations of quantum gate
operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169235 </DOCNO>
Controllability of quantum mechanical systems by root space


  The controllability property of the unitary propagator of an N-level quantum
mechanical system subject to a single control field is described using the
structure theory of semisimple Lie algebras. Sufficient conditions are provided
for the vector fields in a generic configuration as well as in a few degenerate
cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169442 </DOCNO>
A proposal of quantum logic gates using cold trapped ions in a cavity


  We propose a scheme for implementation of logical gates in a trapped ion
inside a high-Q cavity. The ion is simultaneously interacting with a
(classical) laser field as well as with the (quantized) cavity field. We
demonstrate that simply by tuning the ionic internal levels with the
frequencies of the fields, it is possible to construct a controlled-NOT gate in
a three step procedure, having the ion's internal as well as motional levels as
qubits. The cavity field is used as an auxiliary qubit and basically remains in
the vacuum state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86226 </DOCNO>
Non-existence of f-symbols in generalized Taub-NUT spacetimes


  In a previous article it was proved that the extensions of the Taub-NUT
geometry do not admit Killing-Yano tensors, even if they possess St\"
{a}ckel-Killing tensors. Here the analysis is taken further, and it is shown
that, in general, this class of metrics does not even admit f-symbols. The only
exception is the original Taub-NUT metric which possesses four Killing-Yano
tensors of valence two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114391 </DOCNO>
Conjugated donor-acceptor chromophores in solution: non-linearity at


  We propose a model that, accounting for the intrinsic non-linearity of the
electronic system, is able to rationalize steady-state electronic and
vibrational spectra of polar chromophores in solution, as well as time-resolved
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127470 </DOCNO>
Optical emission from high velocity clouds and the ionization sources in


  Optical emission lines have now been detected from about 20 high velocity
clouds. These emission lines -- primarily H-alpha, secondarily [N II] and [S
II] -- are very faint and diffuse, spread over the surfaces of the clouds. We
compile emission line measurements and present a model in which the H-alpha is
recombination caused by photoionizing radiation escaping the Milky Way. In such
a model, we infer HVC distances of 5--30 kpc. The photoionization model fails
to explain the relatively strong H-alpha emission from the Magellanic Stream,
and the O VI absorption seen by FUSE in HVCs and the MS, which require a second
source of ionization (likely collisional). Regardless of mechanism, the fact
that HVCs are detectable in H-alpha indicates they are not far away enough to
be Local Group objects. Adopting the HVC distances from the model, there appear
to be two classes of HVCs: H-alpha-bright clouds with low velocity deviations
from Galactic rotation, and often strong [N II], which are presumably
affiliated with the Galactic disk; and H-alpha-faint clouds with high velocity
deviations, which are likely to be infalling gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7260 </DOCNO>
An optimal Q-state neural network using mutual information


  Starting from the mutual information we present a method in order to find a
hamiltonian for a fully connected neural network model with an arbitrary,
finite number of neuron states, Q. For small initial correlations between the
neurons and the patterns it leads to optimal retrieval performance. For binary
neurons, Q=2, and biased patterns we recover the Hopfield model. For
three-state neurons, Q=3, we find back the recently introduced
Blume-Emery-Griffiths network hamiltonian. We derive its phase diagram and
compare it with those of related three-state models. We find that the retrieval
region is the largest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114284 </DOCNO>
Upgrade of the SDL Control System


  The Source Development Lab (SDL) at BNL consists of a 230 MeV electron linac
and a 10 m long wiggler for short wavelength Free Electronic Laser (FEL)
development. The original control system [1] was based on the one in use at the
National Synchrotron Light Source. In 2000 the control system was upgraded to
be based on EPICS to facilitate software interfaces for extensions at all
levels. The FEL began commissioning in May 2001. The upgraded control systems
have been stable, reliable and easy to operate. An overview of the control
systems, including for the linac, the waveform digitizer controls, video
system/image processing and radiation monitor/alarms will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75855 </DOCNO>
Prospects for probing the gluon density in protons using heavy


  We examine carefully bottomonia hadroproduction in proton colliders,
especially focusing on the LHC, as a way of probing the gluon density in
protons. To this end we develop some previous work, getting quantitative
predictions and concluding that our proposal can be useful to perform
consistency checks of the parameterization sets of different parton
distribution functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127755 </DOCNO>
Voids in the PSCz Survey and the Updated Zwicky Catalog


  We describe an algorithm to detect voids in galaxy redshift surveys. The
method is based on the void finder algorithm of El-Ad & Piran. We apply a
series of tests to determine how accurately we are able to recover the volumes
of voids using our detection method. We simulate voids of different ellipticity
and find that if voids are approximately spherical, our algorithm will recover
100% of the volume of the void. The more elliptical the void, the smaller the
fraction of the volume we can recover. We insist that voids lie completely
within the survey. Voids close to the edge of the survey will therefore be
underestimated in volume. By considering a deeper sample, we estimate the
maximal sphere diameters are correct to within 30%.
  We apply the algorithm to the Point Source Catalogue Survey (PSCz) and the
Updated Zwicky Catalog (UZC). The PSCz survey is an almost all-sky survey with
objects selected from the IRAS catalog. The UZC covers a smaller area of sky
but is optically selected and samples the structures more densely. We detect 35
voids in the PSCz and 19 voids in the UZC with diameter larger than
20h^{-1}Mpc. Using this minimum size threshold, voids have an average effective
diameter of 29.8+-3.5 h^{-1}Mpc (PSCz) and 29.2+-2.7 h^{-1}Mpc (UZC) and that
they are underdense regions with delta rho /rho values of -0.92+-0.03 (PSCz)
and -0.96+-0.01(UZC) respectively. Using this quite stringent threshold for
void definition, voids fill up to 40% of the volume of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2290 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic Complexity in Real Financial Markets


  A new approach to the understanding of complex behavior of financial markets
index using tools from thermodynamics and statistical physics is developed.
Physical complexity, a magnitude rooted in Kolmogorov-Chaitin theory is applied
to binary sequences built up from real time series of financial markets
indexes. The study is based on NASDAQ and Mexican IPC data. Different behaviors
of this magnitude are shown when applied to the intervals of series placed
before crashes and to intervals when no financial turbulence is observed. The
connection between our results and The Efficient Market Hypothesis is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126702 </DOCNO>
Can Photoionization Squelching Resolve the Sub-structure Crisis?


  Cold Dark Matter theory predicts that the Local Group should contain many
more dwarf-sized objects than the observed number of dwarf galaxies --- the
so-called sub-structure problem. We investigate whether the suppression of star
formation in these small objects due to the presence of a photoionizing
background can resolve the problem. We make use of results from recent
hydrodynamic simulations to build a recipe for the suppression of gas infall
into semi-analytic galaxy formation models, and use these to predict the
luminosity function of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. In the models without
photoionization ``squelching'', we predict a large excess of faint dwarf
galaxies compared with the observed number in the Local Group --- thus, the
usual recipe for supernovae feedback used in semi-analytic models does not
solve the sub-structure problem on its own. When we include photoionization
squelching, we find good agreement with the observations. We have neglected
tidal destruction, which probably further reduces the number of dwarf galaxies.
We conclude that photoionizing squelching easily solves the sub-structure
problem. In fact, it is likely that once this effect is taken into account,
models with reduced small-scale power (e.g. Warm Dark Matter) would
underproduce dwarf galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169264 </DOCNO>
Local Realistic Model for the Dynamics of Bulk-Ensemble NMR Information


  We construct a local realistic hidden-variable model that describes the
states and dynamics of bulk-ensemble NMR information processing up to about 12
nuclear spins. The existence of such a model rules out violation of any Bell
inequality, temporal or otherwise, in present high-temperature, liquid-state
NMR experiments. The model does not provide an efficient description in that
the number of hidden variables grows exponentially with the number of nuclear
spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128923 </DOCNO>
Extreme X-ray Behavior in the Low-Luminosity Active Nucleus of NGC 4395


  We present the results of a 17 ks Chandra observation of the nearby dwarf
spiral galaxy NGC 4395, focusing on the X-ray properties of the moderate-mass
black hole that resides in its nucleus. Chandra affords the first high-quality,
broadband X-ray detection of this object that is free of contamination from
nearby sources in the field. We find that the nuclear X-ray emission is
unresolved in the Chandra image and confirm the rapid, large-amplitude X-ray
variability reported in previous studies. The spectrum of the nuclear source
shows evidence for absorption by an ionized medium. There is also evidence for
spectral variability over the course of the Chandra observation, although
contrary to prior reports, it appears to be uncorrelated with fluctuations in
the hard X-ray count rate. It is possible that the short-term spectral
variability results from column density changes in the ionized absorber. By far
the most unusual high-energy property of NGC 4395 is the shape of its spectrum
above 1 keV. The Chandra data indicate a power-law photon index of Gamma
\approx 0.6, which is much flatter than the Gamma \approx 1.8 X-ray spectra
typical of active galactic nuclei and the slope of the nuclear X-ray spectrum
measured from an earlier ASCA observation of NGC 4395. This extreme flatness
and dramatic long-term variability of the X-ray spectrum are unprecedented
among active galactic nuclei. A variety of possibilities for the origin of the
flat continuum slope are considered; none provides a fully satisfactory
explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6095 </DOCNO>
Thin Film Diblock Copolymers in Electric Field: Transition from


  We examine the alignment of thin film diblock copolymers subject to a
perpendicular electric field. Two regimes are considered separately: weak
segregation and strong segregation. For weakly segregated blocks, below a
critical value of the field, E_c, surface interactions stabilize stacking of
lamellae in a direction parallel to the surfaces. Above the critical field, a
first-order phase transition occurs when lamellae in a direction perpendicular
to the confining surfaces (and parallel to the field) become stable. The film
morphology is then a superposition of parallel and perpendicular lamellae. In
contrast to Helfrich-Hurault instability for smectic liquid crystals, the mode
that gets critical first has the natural lamellar periodicity. In addition,
undulations of adjacent inter-material dividing surfaces are out-of-phase with
each other. For diblock copolymers in the strong segregation regime, we find
two critical fields E_1 and E_2>E_1. As the field is increased from zero above
E_1, the region in the middle of the film develops an orientation perpendicular
to the walls, while the surface regions still have parallel lamellae. When the
field is increased above E_2 the perpendicular alignment spans the whole film.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114296 </DOCNO>
Sympathetic Cooling with Two Atomic Species in an Optical Trap


  We simultaneously trap ultracold lithium and cesium atoms in an optical
dipole trap formed by the focus of a CO$_2$ laser and study the exchange of
thermal energy between the gases. The cesium gas, which is optically cooled to
$20 \mu$K, efficiently decreases the temperature of the lithium gas through
sympathetic cooling. The measured cross section for thermalizing
$^{133}$Cs-$^7$Li collisions is $8 \times 10^{-12}$ cm$^2$, for both species in
their lowest hyperfine ground state. Besides thermalization, we observe
evaporation of lithium purely through elastic cesium-lithium collisions
(sympathetic evaporation).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125307 </DOCNO>
The Dispersal of Young Stars and the Greater Sco-Cen Association


  We review topics related to the dispersal of young stars from their
birth-sites, and focus in particular on the entourage of young stars related to
the ongoing star-formation event in the Sco-Cen OB association. We conduct a
follow-up kinematic study to that presented in Mamajek, Lawson, & Feigelson
(2000; ApJ 544, 356) amongst nearby, isolated, young stars. In addition to the
eta Cha and TW Hya groups, we find several more intriguing Sco-Cen outlier
candidates: most notably beta Pic, PZ Tel, HD 199143, and HD 100546. We discuss
the connection between Sco-Cen and the southern ``150 pc Conspiracy'' molecular
clouds, and in particular, Corona Australis. The kinematic evidence suggests
that many of the nearby, isolated ~10 Myr-old stars were born near Sco-Cen
during the UCL and LCC starbursts 10-15 Myr ago. We hypothesize that these
stars inherited 5-10 km/s velocities moving away from Sco-Cen, either through
molecular cloud turbulence, or through formation in molecular clouds associated
with the expanding Sco-Cen superbubbles (e.g. Loop I).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 36 </DOCNO>
Dissipative Abelian Sandpiles and Random Walks


  We show that the dissipative Abelian sandpile on a graph L can be related to
a random walk on a graph which consists of L extended with a trapping site.
  From this relation it can be shown, using exact results and a scaling
assumption, that the dissipative sandpiles' correlation length exponent \nu
always equals 1/d_w, where d_w is the fractal dimension of the random walker.
This leads to a new understanding of the known results that \nu=1/2 on any
Euclidean lattice. Our result is however more general and as an example we also
present exact data for finite Sierpinski gaskets which fully confirm our
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3256 </DOCNO>
Transport processes in metal-insulator granular layers


  The non-equilibrium tunnel transport processes are considered in a square
lattice of metallic nanogranules embedded into insulating host. Based on a
simple model with three possible charging states (+,-, or 0) of a granule and
three kinetic processes (creation or recombination of a +- pair, and charge
transfer) between neighbor granules, the mean-field kinetic theory is
developed, which takes into account the interplay between the charging energy
and temperature and between the applied electric field and Coulomb fields by
non-compensated charge density. The resulting charge and current distributions
are found to depend essentially on the particular conditions in a granular
layer, namely, in a free area (FA) or in contact areas (CA) under macroscopic
metallic contacts. Thus, a steady state dc transport is only compatible with
zero charge density and ohmic resistivity within FA, but charge accumulation
and non-ohmic behavior are necessary for conduction over CA. The approximate
analytic solutions are obtained for characteristic regimes (low or high charge
density) of such conduction. Also non- stationary processes are considered,
displaying a peculiar combination of two strongly different relaxation times.
The comparison is done with the available transport data on similar
experimental systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96816 </DOCNO>
Homoclinic classes and finitude of attractors for vector fields on


  A homoclinic class of a vector field is the closure of the transverse
homoclinic orbits associated to a hyperbolic periodic orbit. An attractor (a
repeller) is a transitive set to which converges every positive (negative)
nearby orbit. We show that a generic C1 vector field on a closed n-manifold has
either infinitely many homoclinic classes or a finite collection of attractors
(repellers) whose basins form an open-dense set. This result gives an approach
to a conjecture by Palis. We also prove the existence of a locally residual
subset of C1 vector fields on a 5-manifold having finitely many attractors and
repellers but infinitely many homoclinic classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179538 </DOCNO>
Role of Chiral Symmetry in the Nuclear Many-Body Problem


  The role of chiral (pion) dynamics in nuclear matter is reviewed.
Contributions to the energy per particle from one- and two-pion exchange are
calculated systematically, and it is demonstrated that already at order $k^4_f$
in the Fermi momentum, two-pion exchange produces realistic nuclear binding
together with very reasonable values for the compressibility and the asymmetry
energy. Further implications of these results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96288 </DOCNO>
On measures of maximal and full dimension for polynomial automorphisms


  For a hyperbolic polynomial automorphism of $\C^2$, we show the existence of
a measure of maximal dimension, and identify the conditions under which a
measure of full dimension exists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7366 </DOCNO>
Thermal conduction in classical low-dimensional lattices


  Deriving macroscopic phenomenological laws of irreversible thermodynamics
from simple microscopic models is one of the tasks of non-equilibrium
statistical mechanics. We consider stationary energy transport in crystals with
reference to simple mathematical models consisting of coupled oscillators on a
lattice. The role of lattice dimensionality on the breakdown of the Fourier's
law is discussed and some universal quantitative aspects are emphasized: the
divergence of the finite-size thermal conductivity is characterized by
universal laws in one and two dimensions. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium
molecular dynamics methods are presented along with a critical survey of
previous numerical results. Analytical results for the non-equilibrium dynamics
can be obtained in the harmonic chain where the role of disorder and
localization can be also understood. The traditional kinetic approach, based on
the Boltzmann-Peierls equation is also briefly sketched with reference to
one-dimensional chains. Simple toy models can be defined in which the
conductivity is finite. Anomalous transport in integrable nonlinear systems is
briefly discussed. Finally, possible future research themes are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168535 </DOCNO>
Quantum radiation at finite temperature


  We investigate the phenomenon of quantum radiation - i.e. the conversion of
(virtual) quantum fluctuations into (real) particles induced by dynamical
external conditions - for an initial thermal equilibrium state. For a
resonantly vibrating cavity a rather strong enhancement of the number of
generated particles (the dynamical Casimir effect) at finite temperatures is
observed. Furthermore we derive the temperature corrections to the energy
radiated by a single moving mirror and an oscillating bubble within a
dielectric medium as well as the number of created particles within the
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. Possible implications and the relevance
for experimental tests are addressed. PACS: 42.50.Lc, 03.70.+k, 11.10.Ef,
11.10.Wx.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179212 </DOCNO>
a0(980)-f0(980) mixing and isospin violation in the reactions pN -> d


  It is demonstrated that f_0-a_0 mixing can lead to a comparatively large
isospin violation in the reactions pN -> da_0, pd -> ^3He/^3H a_0 and dd ->
^4He a_0 close to the corresponding production thresholds. The observation of
such mixing effects is possible, e.g., by measuring the forward-backward
asymmetry in the reaction pn -> d a_0^0 -> d eta pi^0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74627 </DOCNO>
Probing the Planck Scale with Neutrino Oscillations


  Quantum gravity "foam", among its various generic Lorentz non-invariant
effects, would cause neutrino mixing. It is shown here that, if the foam is
manifested as a nonrenormalizable effect at scale M, the oscillation length
generically decreases with energy $E$ as (E/M)^(-2). Neutrino observatories and
long-baseline experiments should have therefore already observed foam-induced
oscillations, even if M is as high as the Planck energy scale. The null
results, which can be further strengthened by better analysis of current data
and future experiments, can be taken as experimental evidence that Lorentz
invariance is fully preserved at the Planck scale, as is the case in critical
string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179138 </DOCNO>
Effect of form factors in fits to photoproduction data


  We compare the effects of several form factor recipes in fits to pseudoscalar
meson photoproduction data. The specific examples of pion and kaon
photoproduction are used to illustrate how different choices can alter the
results of such analyses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86125 </DOCNO>
Holographic principle and the dominant energy condition for Kasner type


  In this letter we study adiabatic anisotropic matter filled Bianchi type I
models of the Kasner form together with the cosmological holographic bound. We
find that the dominant energy condition and the holographic bound give
precisely the same constraint on the scale factor parameters that appear in the
metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96486 </DOCNO>
Intersections of symbolic powers of prime ideals


  Let (R,m) be a local ring with prime ideals p and q such that p+q is an
m-primary ideal. If R is regular and contains a field, and
dim(R/p)+dim(R/q)=dim(R), we prove that p^{(r)}\cap q^{(n)}\subseteq m^{m+n}
for all positive integers r and s. This is proved using a generalization of
Serre's Intersection Theorem which we apply to a hypersurface R/fR. The
generalization gives conditions that guarantee that Serre's bound on the
intersection dimension dim(R/p)+dim(R/q) \leq dim(R) holds when R is
nonregular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76444 </DOCNO>
Note on Holographic RG Flow in String Cosmology


  We propose a new holographic C-function for the accelerating universe defined
in the stringy frame motivated mainly by the fact that the number of degrees of
freedom should be infinite for a physical system of infinite size. This is the
generalization of Strominger's recent proposal of the holographic C-function to
the asymptotically non-de Sitter universe. We find that the corresponding
C-theorem holds true if the universe accelerates toward the weak coupling
regime driven by the exponential dilaton potential. It also holds in other
simple cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114217 </DOCNO>
The wave packet propagation using wavelets


  It is demonstrated that the wavelets can be used to considerably speed up
simulations of the wave packet propagation in multiscale systems. Extremely
high efficiency is obtained in the representation of both bound and continuum
states. The new method is compared with the fast Fourier algorithm. Depending
on ratios of typical scales of a quantum system in question, the wavelet method
appears to be faster by a few orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74934 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Waves from Electroweak Phase Transitions


  Gravitational waves are generated during first-order phase transitions,
either by turbolence or by bubble collisions. If the transition takes place at
temperatures of the order of the electroweak scale, the frequency of these
gravitational waves is today just within the band of the planned space
interferometer LISA. We present a detailed analysis of the production of
gravitational waves during an electroweak phase transition in different
supersymmetric models where, contrary to the case of the Standard Model, the
transition can be first order. We find that the stochastic background of
gravitational waves generated by bubble nucleation can reach a maximum value
h0^2 Omega_{gw} of order 10^{-10} - 10^{-11}, which is within the reach of the
planned sensitivity of LISA, while turbolence can even produce signals at the
level h0^2 Omega_{gw} \sim 10^{-9}. These values of h0^2 Omega_{gw} are
obtained in the regions of the parameter space which can account for the
generation of the baryon asymmetry at the electroweak scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168706 </DOCNO>
Use of Mathematical Logical Concepts in Quantum Mechanics: An Example


  The representation of numbers by product states in quantum mechanics can be
extended to the representation of words and word sequences in languages by
product states. This can be used to study quantum systems that generate text
that has meaning. A simple example of such a system, based on an example
described by Smullyan, is studied here. Based on a path interpretation for some
word states, definitions of truth, validity, consistency and completeness are
given and their properties studied. It is also shown that the relation between
the meaning, if any, of word states and the algorithmic complexity of the
process generating the states must be quite complex or nonexistent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86519 </DOCNO>
Stealth Branes


  We discuss the brane world model of Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati in which
branes evolve in an infinite bulk and the brane curvature term is added to the
action. If Z_2 symmetry between the two sides of the brane is not imposed, we
show that the model admits the existence of "stealth branes" which follow the
standard 4D internal evolution and have no gravitational effect on the bulk
space. Stealth branes can nucleate spontaneosly in a Minkowski bulk. This
process is described by the standard 4D quantum cosmology formalism with
tunneling boundary conditions for the brane world wave function. The notorious
ambiguity in the choice of boundary conditions is fixed in this case due to the
presence of the embedding spacetime. We also point to some problematic aspects
of models admitting stealth brane solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2499 </DOCNO>
Learning to coordinate in a complex and non-stationary world


  We study analytically and by computer simulations a complex system of
adaptive agents with finite memory. Borrowing the framework of the Minority
Game and using the replica formalism we show the existence of an equilibrium
phase transition as a function of the ratio between the memory $\lambda$ and
the learning rates $\Gamma$ of the agents. We show that, starting from a random
configuration, a dynamic phase transition also exists, which prevents the
system from reaching any Nash equilibria. Furthermore, in a non-stationary
environment, we show by numerical simulations that agents with infinite memory
play worst than others with less memory and that the dynamic transition
naturally arises independently from the initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127059 </DOCNO>
MHD Instability in cylindric Taylor-Couette flow


  The linear marginal instability of an axisymmetric MHD Taylor-Couette flow of
infinite vertical extension is considered. For flows with a resting outer
cylinder there is a well-known characteristic Reynolds number even without
magnetic field but for sufficiently weak magnetic fields there are solutions
with smaller Reynolds numbers so that a characteristic minimum exists. The
minimum only exists, however, for not too small magnetic Prandtl numbers. For
small magnetic Prandtl numbers one only finds the typical magnetic suppression
of the instability.
  We are here particularly interested in the case where the outer cylinder
rotates so fast that the Rayleigh criterion for hydrodynamic stability is
fulfilled. We find that for given magnetic Prandtl number now always a magnetic
field amplitude exists where the characteristic Reynolds number is minimal.
These critical values are computed for different magnetic Prandtl numbers. In
all cases the Reynolds numbers are running with 1/Pm so that for the small
magnetic Prandtl numbers of sodium (10^-5) or gallium (10^-6) the critical
Reynolds numbers exceed values of 10^6 or 10^, resp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72748 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations and neutrinoless double beta decay


  The relation between neutrino oscillation parameters and neutrinoless double
beta decay is studied, assuming normal and inverse hierarchies for Majorana
neutrino masses. For normal hierarchy the crucial dependence on U_{e3} is
explored. The link with tritium beta decay is also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99180 </DOCNO>
Vive la difference III


  We show that, consistently, there is an ultrafilter F on omega such that if
N^l_n=(P^l_n cup Q^l_n,P^l_n,Q^l_n,R^l_n) (for l =1,2, n< omega), P^l_n cup
Q^l_n subseteq omega, and prod_{n<omega} N^1_n/F and prod_{n< omega}N^2_n/F are
isomorphic models of the canonical theory t^ind of the strong independence
property, then every isomorphism from prod_{n<omega} N^1_n/F onto
prod_{n<omega} N^2_n/F is a product isomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6938 </DOCNO>
Mean-field approach to ferromagnetism in (III,Mn)V diluted magnetic


  We present a detailed study, within the mean-field approximation, of an
impurity band model for III-V diluted magnetic semiconductors. Such a model
should be relevant at low carrier densities, below and near the metal-insulator
transition. Positional disorder of the magnetic impurities inside the host
semiconductor is shown to have observable consequences for the shape of the
magnetization curve. Below the critical temperature the magnetization is
spatially inhomogeneous, leading to very unusual temperature dependence of the
average magnetization as well as specific heat. Disorder is also found to
enhance the ferromagnetic transition temperature. Unusual spin and charge
transport is implied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3823 </DOCNO>
Evolution of rarefaction pulses into vortex rings


  The two-dimensional solitary waves of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the
Kadomtsev-Petviashvili limit are unstable with respect to three-dimensional
perturbations. We elucidate the stages in the evolution of such solutions
subject to perturbations perpendicular to the direction of motion. Depending on
the energy (momentum) and the wavelength of the perturbation different types of
three-dimensional solutions emerge. In particular, we present new periodic
solutions having very small energy and momentum per period. These solutions
also become unstable and this secondary instability leads to vortex ring
nucleation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1078 </DOCNO>
Spin-related transport in ultra small Si quantum dots


  We investigated electron transport through ultra small Si quantum dots. We
found that the $B$-dependence of energy levels is dominated by the Zeeman
shift, allowing us to measure the spin difference between two successive ground
states directly. In some dots the number of electrons N in the dot can be tuned
starting from zero, and the total spin of the dot can be mapped as a function
of N and B. For one of the dots we deduced that the dot becomes spontaneously
polarized at N=6 with a large spin change \Delta S=3/2, demonstrating the
essential features of spin blockade. Surprisingly, for N>20, the transitions
with \Delta S>1/2 do not lead to the suppression of the corresponding peaks at
low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123735 </DOCNO>
Turbulent dissipation in the ISM: the coexistence of forced and decaying


  We discuss the dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy Ek in the global ISM
by means of 2-D, MHD, non-isothermal simulations in the presence of model
radiative heating and cooling. We argue that dissipation in 2D is
representative of that in three dimensions as long as it is dominated by shocks
rather than by a turbulent cascade. Energy is injected at a few isolated sites
in space, over relatively small scales, and over short time periods. This leads
to the coexistence of forced and decaying regimes in the same flow. We find
that the ISM-like flow dissipates its turbulent energy rapidly. In simulations
with forcing, the input parameters are the radius l_f of the forcing region,
the total kinetic energy e_k each source deposits into the flow, and the rate
of formation of those regions, sfr_OB. The global dissipation time t_d depends
mainly on l_f. In terms of measurable properties of the ISM, t_d >= Sigma_g
u_rms^2/(e_k sfr_OB), where Sigma_g is the average gas surface density and
u_rms is the rms velocity dispersion. For the solar neighborhood, t_d >=
1.5x10^7 yr. The global dissipation time is consistently smaller than the
crossing time of the largest energy-containing scales. In decaying simulations,
Ek decreases with time as t^-n, where n~0.8-0.9. This suggests a decay with
distance d as Ek\propto d^{-2n/(2-n)} in the mixed forced+decaying case. If
applicable to the vertical direction, our results support models of galaxy
evolution in which stellar energy injection provides significant support for
the gas disk thickness, but not models of galaxy formation in which this energy
injection is supposed to reheat an intra-halo medium at distances of up to
10-20 times the optical galaxy size, as the dissipation occurs on distances
comparable to the disk height.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168523 </DOCNO>
Long-distance quantum communication with atomic ensembles and linear


  Quantum communication holds a promise for absolutely secure transmission of
secret messages and faithful transfer of unknown quantum states. Photonic
channels appear to be very attractive for physical implementation of quantum
communication. However, due to losses and decoherence in the channel, the
communication fidelity decreases exponentially with the channel length. We
describe a scheme that allows to implement robust quantum communication over
long lossy channels. The scheme involves laser manipulation of atomic
ensembles, beam splitters, and single-photon detectors with moderate
efficiencies, and therefore well fits the status of the current experimental
technology. We show that the communication efficiency scale polynomially with
the channel length thereby facilitating scalability to very long distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73250 </DOCNO>
The Randall-Sundrum Scenario with an Extra Warped Dimension


  We investigate a scenario with two four-branes embedded in six dimensions.
When the metric is periodic and compact in one of the dimensions parallel to
the branes, the value of the effective cosmological constant for the remaining
five dimensions can assume a variety of values, determined by the dependence of
the metric on the sixth dimension. The picture that emerges resembles the
Randall-Sundrum model but with an extra warped dimension that allows the usual
brane-bulk fine tuning to be satisfied without finely tuning any of the
parameters in the underlying six dimensional theory. Although the action
contains terms with four derivatives of the metric, we show that when the
branes have a finite, natural thickness, such terms have only a small effect on
the Randall-Sundrum structure. The presence of these four derivative terms also
allows a configuration that resembles that produced by a domain wall but which
results from gravity alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86556 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Wave Emission by Cataclysmic Variables: numerical models


  Gravitational wave emission is considered to be the driving force for the
evolution of short-period cataclysmic binary stars, making them a potential
test for the validity of General Relativity. In spite of continuous refinements
of the physical description, a 10% mismatch exists between the theoretical
minimum period ($P_{\rm turn} \simeq 70$ min) and the short-period cut-off
($P_{\rm min} \simeq 80$ min) observed in the period distribution for
cataclysmic variable binaries. A possible explanation for this mismatch was
associated with the use of the Roche model. We here present a systematic
comparison between self-consistent, numerically constructed sequences of
hydrostatic models of binary stars and Roche models of semi-detached binaries.
On the basis of our approach, we also derive a value for the minimum period of
cataclysmic variable binaries. The results obtained through the comparison
indicate that the Roche model is indeed very good, with deviations from the
numerical solution which are of a few percent at most. Our results therefore
suggest that additional sources of angular momentum loss or alternative
explanations need to be considered in order to justify the mismatch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7103 </DOCNO>
Van Hove Singularity and Superconductivity in Disordered Hubbard Model


  We apply the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA) to a simple extended
Hubbard model with a nearest and next nearest neighbour hopping for disordered
superconductors with s-, d- and p-wave pairing. We show how the Van Hove
singularities in the electron density of states enhance the transition
temperature Tc for exotic superconductors in a clean and weakly disordered
system. The Anderson theorem and pair-breaking effects in presence of Van Hove
singularity caused by non-magnetic disorder are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73730 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses, anomalous U(1) gauge symmetry and doublet-triplet


  We propose an attractive scenario of grand unified theories in which
doublet-triplet splitting is beautifully realized in SO(10) unification using
Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism. The anomalous U(1)_A gauge symmetry plays
essential roles in the doublet-triplet splitting mechanism. It is interesting
that the anomalous U(1)_A charges determine the unification scale and mass
spectrum of additional particles as well as the order of Yukawa couplings of
quarks and leptons. For the neutrino sector, bi-maximal mixing angles are
naturally obtained and proton decay via dimension 5 operators is suppressed. It
is suggestive that the anomalous U(1)_A gauge symmetry motivated by superstring
theory excellently solves the two biggest problems in grand unified theories,
fermion mass hierarchy problem and doublet-triplet splitting problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74835 </DOCNO>
Connecting bimaximal neutrino mixing to a light sterile neutrino


  It is shown that if small neutrino masses owe their origin to the
conventional seesaw mechanism and the MNS mixing matrix is in the exact
bimaximal form, then there exist symmetries in the theory that allow one of the
righthanded neutrinos to become naturally massless, making it a candidate for
the sterile neutrino discussed in the literature. Departures from the exact
bimaximal limit leads to tiny mass for the sterile neutrino as well as its
mixing to the active neutrinos. This provides a minimal theoretical framework
where a simultaneous explanation of the solar, atmospheric and LSND
observations within the so-called 3+1 scenario may be possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7095 </DOCNO>
Gauge Symmetry and Neural Networks


  We propose a new model of neural network. It consists of spin variables to
describe the state of neurons as in the Hopfield model and new gauge variables
to describe the state of synapses. The model possesses local gauge symmetry and
resembles lattice gauge theory of high-energy physics. Time dependence of
synapses describes the process of learning. The mean field theory predicts a
new phase corresponding to confinement phase, in which brain loses ablility of
learning and memory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148984 </DOCNO>
Vacuum String Field Theory


  This is a brief review of vacuum string field theory, a new approach to open
string field theory based on the stable vacuum of the tachyon. We discuss the
sliver state explaining its role as a projector in the space of half-string
functionals. We review the construction of D-brane solutions in vacuum string
field theory, both in the algebraic approach and in the more general
geometrical approach that emphasizes the role of boundary CFT. -- To appear in
the Proceedings of Strings 2001, Mumbai, India.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124239 </DOCNO>
ROSAT X-Ray Observations of the Spiral Galaxy M81


  We present results from the analysis of deep ROSAT HRI and PSPC observations
of the spiral galaxy M81. The inferred total (0.5-2 keV band) luminosity of M81
is ~3x10^40 ergs/s, excluding the contribution from identified interlopers
found within the D_25 ellipse. The nucleus of the galaxy alone accounts for
about 65% of this luminosity. The rest is due to 26 other X-ray sources
(contributing ~10%) and to apparently diffuse emission, which is seen across
much of the galactic disk and is particularly bright in the bulge region around
the nucleus. Spectral analysis further gives evidence for a soft component,
which can be characterized by a two-temperature optically thin plasma with
temperature at ~0.15 keV and 0.60 keV and an absorption of the Galactic
foreground only. These components, accounting for ~13% of the X-ray emission
from the region, apparently arise in a combination of hot gas and faint
discrete sources. We find interesting spatial coincidences of luminous
(10^37-10^40 ergs/s) and variable X-ray sources with shock-heated optical
nebulae. Three of them are previously classified as supernova remnant
candidates. The other one is far off the main body of M81, but is apparently
associated with a dense HI concentration produced most likely by the tidal
interactions of the galaxy with its companions. These associations suggest that
such optical nebulae may be powered by outflows from luminous X-ray binaries,
which are comparable to, or more luminous than Galactic `micro-quasars'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72470 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of the Chargino and Neutralino Systems


  The chargino and neutralino pair production processes at $e^+e^-$ collisions
are explored to determine the underlying SUSY parameters. The sum rules for the
couplings are used to check the closure of two-chargino and four-neutralino
systems in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74727 </DOCNO>
A Bridge between CP violation at Low Energies and Leptogenesis


  We discuss the possibility of relating the size and sign of the observed
baryon asymmetry of the universe to CP violation observable at low energies, in
a framework where the observed baryon asymmetry is produced by leptogenesis
through the out of the equilibrium decay of heavy Majorana neutrinos. We
identify the CP violating phases entering in leptogenesis as well as those
relevant for CP violation at low energies in the minimal seesaw model. We show
that although in general there is no relation between these two sets of phases,
there are specific frameworks in which such a connection may be established and
we give a specific grand unification inspired example where such a connection
does exist. We construct weak-basis invariants related to CP violation
responsible for leptogenesis, as well as those relevant for CP violation at low
energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127582 </DOCNO>
Detection of Circular Polarization in M81*


  We report the detection of circular polarization in the compact radio jet of
the nearby spiral galaxy M81 (M81*). The observations were made with the Very
Large Array at 4.8 and 8.4 GHz and circular polarization was detected at both
frequencies. We estimate a value of $m_{c}=0.54\pm0.06\pm0.07%$ at 8.4 GHz and
$m_{c}=0.27\pm0.06\pm0.07%$ at 4.8 GHz for the fractional circular
polarization. The errors are separated into statistical and systematic terms.
The spectrum of the circular polarization is possibly inverted which would be
unusual for AGN. We also detected no linear polarization in M81* at a level of
0.1% implying that the source has a very high circular-to-linear polarization
ratio as found so far only in Sgr A*, the central radio source in our Galaxy.
This further supports the idea that M81* is a scaled-up version of Sgr A* and
suggests that the polarization properties are intrinsic to the two sources and
are not caused by a foreground screen in the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1370 </DOCNO>
Global Equation of State of two-dimensional hard sphere systems


  Hard sphere systems in two dimensions are examined for arbitrary density.
Simulation results are compared to the theoretical predictions for both the low
and the high density limit, where the system is either disordered or ordered,
respectively. The pressure in the system increases with the density, except for
an intermediate range of volume fractions $0.65 \le \nu \le 0.75$, where a
disorder-order phase transition occurs. The proposed {\em global equation of
state} (which describes the pressure {\em for all densities}) is applied to the
situation of an extremely dense hard sphere gas in a gravitational field and
shows reasonable agreement with both experimental and numerical data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125266 </DOCNO>
The First Detection of Co in a Damped Lyman Alpha System


  The study of elemental abundances in Damped Lyman Alpha systems (DLAs) at
high redshift represents one of our best opportunities to probe galaxy
formation and chemical evolution at early times. By coupling measurements made
in high z DLAs with our knowledge of abundances determined locally and with
nucleosynthetic models, we can start to piece together the star formation
histories of these galaxies. Here, we discuss the clues to galactic chemical
evolution that may be gleaned from studying the abundance of Co in DLAs. We
present high resolution echelle spectra of two QSOs, Q2206-199 and Q1223+17,
both already known to exhibit intervening damped systems. These observations
have resulted in the first ever detection of Co at high redshift, associated
with the z= 1.92 DLA in the sightline towards Q2206-199. We find that the
abundance of Co is approximately 1/4 solar and that there is a clear
overabundance relative to iron, [Co/Fe] = +0.31 +/- 0.05. From the abundance of
Zn, we determine that this is a relatively metal-rich DLA, with a metallicity
approximately 1/3 solar. Therefore, this first detection of Co is similar to
the marked overabundance relative to Fe seen in Galactic bulge and thick disk
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174793 </DOCNO>
A graphite-moderated pulsed spallation ultra-cold neutron source


  Proposals exist and efforts are under way to construct pulsed spallation
ultra-cold neutron (UCN) sources at accelerator laboratories around the world.
At the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Switzerland, and at the Los Alamos
National Laboratory (LANL), U.S.A., it is planned to use solid deuterium (SD_2)
for the UCN production from cold neutrons. The philosophies about how the cold
neutrons are obtained are quite different, though. The present proposal
describes a third approach which applies a temperature optimized graphite
moderator in combination with the SD_2 and qualitatively combines advantages of
the different schemes. The scheme described here allows to build a powerful UCN
source. Assuming a pulsed 2 mA, 590 MeV proton beam with an average current of
10 microA, one obtains UCN densities in excess of 2000 cm^{-3}, UCN fluxes of
about 10^6 cm^{-2} s^{-1}, and total numbers of UCN in excess of 2*10^9 every
800 s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96445 </DOCNO>
General characterization theorems and intrinsic topologies in white


  Let $u$ be a positive continuous function on $[0, \infty)$ satisfying the
conditions: (i) $\lim_{r\to\infty} r^{-1/2}\log u(r)=\infty$, (ii) $\inf_{r\geq
0} u(r)=1$, (iii) $\lim_{r\to \infty}\break r^{-1}\log u(r)<\infty$, (iv) the
function $\log u(x^{2}), x\geq 0$, is convex. A Gel'fand triple $[\ce]_{u}
\subset (L^{2}) \subset [\ce]_{u}^{*}$ is constructed by making use of the
Legendre transform of $u$ discussed in \cite {akk3}. We prove a
characterization theorem for generalized functions in $[\ce]_{u}^{*}$ and also
for test functions in $[\ce]_{u}$ in terms of their $S$-transforms under the
same assumptions on $u$. Moreover, we give an intrinsic topology for the
space$[\ce]_{u}$ of test functions and prove a characterization theorem for
measures. We briefly mention the relationship between our method and a recent
work by Gannoun et al.\cite{ghor}. Finally, conditions for carrying out white
noise operator theory and Wick products are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95639 </DOCNO>
P-th powers in mod p cohomology of fibers


  Let $F\hookrightarrow E\twoheadrightarrow B$ be a fibration whose base space
$B$ is a finite simply-connected CW-complex of dimension $\leq p$ and whose
total space $E$ is a path-connected CW-complex of dimension $\leq p-1$. If
$\alpha\in H^{+}(F;\mathbb{F}_p)$ then $\alpha ^{p}=0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149567 </DOCNO>
Boundary String Field Theory at One-loop


  We discuss the open string one-loop partition function in tachyon
condensation background of a unstable D-brane system. We evaluate the partition
function by using the boundary state formulation and find that it is in
complete agreement with the result obtained in the boundary string field
theory. It suggests that the open string higher loop diagrams may be produced
consistently by a closed string field theory, where the D-brane plays a role of
source for the closed string field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4071 </DOCNO>
Electron spin relaxation in semiconductors and semiconductor structures


  We suggest an approach to the problem of free electron spin evolution in a
semiconductor with arbitrary anisotropy or quantum structure in a magnetic
field. The developed approach utilizes quantum kinetic equations for average
spin components. These equations represent the relaxation in terms of
correlation functions for fluctuating effective fields responsible for spin
relaxation. In a particular case when autocorrelation functions are dominant,
the kinetic equations reduce to the Bloch equations. The developed formalism is
applied to the problem of electron spin relaxation due to exchange scattering
in a semimagnetic quantum well (QW) as well as to the spin relaxation in a QW
due to Dyakonov-Perel mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81184 </DOCNO>
Scalar Glueball Mass Reduction at Finite Temperature in SU(3)


  We report the first study of the glueball properties at finite temperatures
below T_c using SU(3) anisotropic lattice QCD with beta=6.25, the renormalized
anisotropy xi \equiv a_s/a_t = 4 and 20^3 \times N_t
(N_t=35,36,37,38,40,43,45,50,72) at the quenched level. From the temporal
correlation analysis with the smearing method, about 20 % mass reduction is
observed for the lowest scalar glueball as m_G(T)=1200 \pm 100MeV for 0.8 T_c <
T < T_c in comparison with m_G \simeq 1500 \sim 1700MeV at T \simeq 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73655 </DOCNO>
On Casimir scaling in QCD


  Recent lattice calculations have confirmed that QCD static potential for
sources in different representations of the gauge group is proportional to
eigenvalue of the corresponding quadratic Casimir operator with an accuracy of
a few percents. We review the present theoretical status of the "Casimir
scaling" phenomenon and stress its importance for analysis of nonperturbative
QCD vacuum models and other field theories. It is argued that Casimir scaling
strongly advocates the property of Gaussian dominance and we propose different
lattice tests to improve our understanding of these phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4368 </DOCNO>
Universal relation between the dispersion curve and the ground-state


  We discuss an universal relation $\epsilon(i\kappa)=0$ with ${\rm Re}
\kappa=1/\xi$ in 1D quantum spin systems with an excitation gap, where
$\epsilon(k)$ is the dispersion curve of the low-energy excitation and $\xi$ is
the correlation length of the ground-state. We first discuss this relation for
integrable models such as the Ising model in a transverse filed and the XYZ
model. We secondly make a derivation of the relation for general cases, in
connection with the equilibrium crystal shape in the corresponding 2D classical
system. We finally verify the relation for the S=1 bilinear-biquadratic spin
chain and $S=1/2$ zigzag spin ladder numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85699 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Local "Conserved Quantities"


  Using the Noether Charge formulation, we study a perturbation of the
conserved gravitating system. By requiring the boundary term in the variation
of the Hamiltonian to depend only on the symplectic structure, we propose a
general prescription for defining quasi-local ``conserved quantities'' (i.e. in
the situation when the gravitating system has a non-vanishing energy flux).
Applications include energy-momentum and angular momentum at spatial and null
infinity, asymptotically anti-deSitter spacetimes, and thermodynamics of the
isolated horizons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75508 </DOCNO>
Direct CP Asymmetry of B -> X_d,s \gamma in a model with Vector quarks


  We investigate the effect of vector quarks on the inclusive decays B -> X_d,s
\gamma. We show that the branching ratio of B -> X_d \gamma can differ sizably
from the SM and MSSM predictions, being enhanced to present experimental
observability or suppressed such that present runs of the B factories would not
observe it. Current measurements of the direct CP asymmetry (A_CP) for B -> X_s
\gamma are sensitive to the contribution from B -> X_d \gamma. For a
sufficiently enhanced BR(B -> X_d \gamma) we show that the dominant
contribution to the combined asymmetry may be from B -> X_d \gamma. Thus any
large value for A_CP should not immediately be attributed to B -> X_s \gamma,
which stresses the importance of good K/pi separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2148 </DOCNO>
Quantifying Herding During Speculative Financial Bubbles


  Economic structures and financial markets are among the most studied examples
of complex systems, together with biological and geological networks, which are
characterized by the self-organization of macroscopic ``emergent'' properties.
One such remarkable behavior is the occurrence of intermittent accelerated
self-reinforcing behavior, such as in the maturation of the mother-fetus
complex culminating in parturition, in the observed accelerated seismicity
ending in a great earthquake, in positive-feedbacks in technology (Betamax
versus VHS video standards) or in the herding of speculators preceeding
crashes. Keeping a basic tenet of economic theory, rational expectations, we
model the nonlinear positive feedback between agents as an interplay between
nonlinearity and multiplicative noise. The derived hyperbolic stochastic
finite-time singularity formula transforms a Gaussian white noise into a rich
time series possessing all the stylized facts of empirical prices and more,
i.e., no correlation of returns, long-range correlation of volatilities,
fat-tail of return distributions, apparent multifractality, sharp peak-flat
trough pattern of price peaks as well as accelerated speculative bubbles
preceding crashes. We use the formula to invert the two years of price history
prior to the recent crash on the Nasdaq (april 2000) and prior to the crash in
the Hong Kong market associated with the Asian crisis in early 1994. These
complex price dynamics are captured using only one exponent controlling the
explosion, the variance and mean of the underlying random walk. This offers a
new and powerful detection tool of speculative bubbles and herding behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75061 </DOCNO>
Transition to meson-dominated matter at RHIC. Consequences for kaon flow


  Anisotropic flow of kaons and antikaons is studied in heavy-ion collisions at
CERN SPS and BNL RHIC energies within the microscopic quark-gluon string model.
In the midrapidity range the directed flow of kaons v_1 differs considerably
from that of antikaons at SPS energy (E_{lab} = 160 AGeV), while at RHIC energy
(\sqrt{s} = 130 AGeV) the excitation functions of both, kaon and antikaon,
flows coincide within the statistical error bars. The change is attributed to
formation of dense meson-dominated matter at RHIC, where the differences in
interaction cross-sections of kaons and antikaons become unimportant. The time
evolution of the kaon anisotropic flow is also investigated. The elliptic flow
of these hadrons is found to develop at midrapidity at times 3 < t < 10 fm/c,
which is much larger than the nuclear passing time t^{pass} = 0.12 fm/c. As a
function of transverse momentum the elliptic flow increases almost linearly
with rising p_t. It stops to rise at p_t > 1.5 GeV/c reaching the saturation
value $v_2^K (p_t) \approx 10%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148529 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory Without Divergence


  We anew explain the meaning of negative energies in the relativistic theory.
On the basis we present two new conjectures. According to the conjectures,
particles have two sorts of existing forms which are symmetric. From this we
present a new Lagrangian density and a new quantization method for QED. That
the energy of the vacuum state is equal to zero is naturally obtained. From
this we can easily determine the cosmological constant according to
experiments, and it is possible to correct nonperturbational methods which
depend on the energy of the ground state in quantum field theory.
  PACS number(s): 11.10, 11.20, 12.20, 11.30, 11.90

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95830 </DOCNO>
Perfectly meager sets and universally null sets


  We will show that there is no ZFC example of a set distinguishing between
universally null and perfectly meager sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149001 </DOCNO>
On a Modification of the Boundary State Formalism in Off-shell String


  We examine the application of boundary states in computing amplitudes in
off-shell open string theory. We find a straightforward generalization of
boundary state which produces the correct matrix elements with on-shell closed
string states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126714 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution X-ray and Radio Observations of SGR 1900+14 in the


  We present the results of Chandra, RXTE, and VLA observations of SGR 1900+14
in the immediate aftermath of its 2001 April 18 giant flare event. In the X-ray
band we find the source in a pulsating and bursting state, with time-averaged
2--10 keV flux initially elevated by 20% above the source's previous quiescent
periods. In the radio we establish upper limits on the strength of any
persistent post-flare emission of 0.7 and 0.1 mJy at 1.4 GHz and 8.0 GHz,
respectively. The position of the X-ray source is consistent, to approximately
1 arcsec precision, with the August 1998 VLA determination, and the
one-dimensional X-ray profile is consistent with that of a point source. The
X-ray spectrum is best-fit by a two component power-law plus blackbody model,
with fitted blackbody temperature kT_{BB} ~ 0.5 keV and radius R_{BB} ~ 1.5 km
for an assumed distance of 5 kpc. The spectral parameters of this thermal
component are consistent with those reported for the source in quiescence, and
the variations in the source flux we observe may be explained as variations in
the power-law component alone, providing support for magnetar models of SGR
1900+14.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4861 </DOCNO>
Non-universal size dependence of the free energy of confined systems


  The singular part of the finite-size free energy density $f_s$ of the O(n)
symmetric $\phi^4$ field theory in the large-n limit is calculated at finite
cutoff for confined geometries of linear size L with periodic boundary
conditions in 2 < d < 4 dimensions. We find that a sharp cutoff $\Lambda$
causes a non-universal leading size dependence $f_s \sim \Lambda^{d-2} L^{-2}$
near $T_c$ which dominates the universal scaling term $\sim L^{-d}$. This
implies a non-universal critical Casimir effect at $T_c$ and a leading
non-scaling term $\sim L^{-2}$ of the finite-size specific heat above $T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41077 </DOCNO>
Other searches at LEP


  During the year 2000, LEP has been operated at centre-of-mass energies up to
sqrt(s) = 209 GeV. New particle searches have been performed using these data
samples. Model independent limits on the production cross-sections and mass
limits in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM)
assuming R-parity violation and in the context of gauge-mediated supersymmetry
breaking theories (GMSB) are presented. Searches for technicolor, excited
leptons and leptoquarks are also reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7452 </DOCNO>
Roughness distributions for 1/f^alpha signals


  The probability density function (PDF) of the roughness, i.e., of the
temporal variance, of 1/f^alpha noise signals is studied. Our starting point is
the generalization of the model of Gaussian, time-periodic, 1/f noise,
discussed in our recent Letter [T. Antal et al., PRL, vol. 87, 240601 (2001)],
to arbitrary power law. We investigate three main scaling regions,
distinguished by the scaling of the cumulants in terms of the microscopic scale
and the total length of the period. Various analytical representations of the
PDF allow for a precise numerical evaluation of the scaling function of the PDF
for any alpha. A simulation of the periodic process makes it possible to study
also non-periodic signals on short intervals embedded in the full period. We
find that for alpha=<1/2 the scaled PDF-s in both the periodic and the
non-periodic cases are Gaussian, but for alpha>1/2 they differ from the
Gaussian and from each other. Both deviations increase with growing alpha. That
conclusion, based on numerics, is reinforced by analytic results for alpha=2
and alpha->infinity. We suggest that our theoretical and numerical results open
a new perspective on the data analysis of 1/f^alpha processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86391 </DOCNO>
Machian General Relativity: a possible solution to the Dark Energy


  Observations of an apparent acceleration in the expansion rate of the
universe, derived from measurements of high-redshift supernovae, have been used
to support the hypothesis that the universe is permeated by some form of dark
energy. We show that an alternative cosmological model, based on a linearly
expanding universe with Omega=1, can fully account for these observations. This
model is also able to resolve the other problems associated with the standard
Big Bang model. A scale-invariant form of the field equations of General
Relativity is postulated, based on the replacement of the Newtonian
gravitational constant by an formulation based explicitly on Mach's principle.
We derive the resulting dynamical equations, and show that their solutions
describe a linearly expanding universe. Potential problems with non-zero
divergencies in the modified field equations are shown to be resolved by
adopting a radically different definition of time, in which the unit of time is
a function of the scale-factor. We observe that the effects of the modified
field equations are broadly equivalent to a Newtonian gravitational constant
that varies both in time and in space, and show that this is also equivalent to
Varying Speed of Light (VSL) theories using a standard definition of time. Some
of the implications of this observation are discussed in relation to Black
Holes, Planck scale phenomena, and the ultimate fate of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41714 </DOCNO>
New projects of crystal extraction at IHEP 70-GeV accelerator


  Using channeling in a 5-mm crystal with bending angle of 0.65 mrad, a record
high efficiency, over 60%, of particle extraction from accelerator was
achieved. The extracted beam intensity was up to 5.2*10^11 protons per spill of
0.5 s duration. Also, the first proof-of-principle experiment on 'crystal
collimation' was performed where crystal - serving as a scraper - has reduced
the radiation level in the accelerator by a factor of two. The measurements
agree with Monte Carlo predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7401 </DOCNO>
Surface flows of granular materials: A short introduction to some recent


  We present a short review of recent theoretical descriptions of flows
occuring at the surface of granular piles, and focus mainly on two models: the
phenomenological ``BCRE'' model and the hydrodynamic model, based on
Saint-Venant equations. Both models distinguish a ``static phase'' and a
``rolling'' phase inside the granular packing and write coupled equations for
the evolutions of the height of each of these phases, which prove similar in
both approaches. The BCRE description provides a very intuitive picture of the
flow, whereas the Saint-Venant hydrodynamic description establishes a general
and rigorous framework for granular flow studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74913 </DOCNO>
Response of bare strange stars to energy input onto their surfaces


  We study numerically the thermal emission of $e^+e^-$ pairs from a bare
strange star heated by energy input onto its surface; heating starts at some
moment, and is steady afterwards. The thermal luminosity in $e^+e^-$ pairs
increases to some constant value. The rise time and the steady thermal
luminosity are evaluated. Both normal and colour superconducting states of
strange quark matter are considered. The results are used to test the magnetar
model of soft gamma-ray repeaters where the bursting activity is explained by
fast decay of superstrong magnetic fields and heating of the strange star
surface. It is shown that the rise times observed in typical bursts may be
explained in this model only if strange quark matter is a superconductor with
an energy gap of more that 1 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72517 </DOCNO>
Nielsen-Olesen vortex in varying-alpha theories


  We consider soliton solutions to Bekenstein's theory, for which the fine
structure constant $\alpha=e^2/(4\pi\hbar c)$ is allowed to vary due to the
presence of a dielectric field pervading the vacuum. More specifically we
investigate the effects of a varying $\alpha$ upon a complex scalar field with
a U(1) electromagnetic gauge symmetry subject to spontaneous symmetry breaking.
We find vortex solutions to this theory, similar to the Nielsen-Olesen vortex.
Near the vortex core the electric charge is typically much larger than far away
from the string, lending these strings a superconducting flavour. In general
the dielectric field coats the usual local string with a global string
envelope. We discuss the cosmological implications of networks of such strings,
with particular emphasis on their ability to generate inhomogeneous
recombination scenarios. We also consider the possibility of the dielectric
being a charged free field. Even though the vacuum of such a field is trivial,
we find that the dielectric arranges itself in the shape of a local string,
with a quantized magnetic flux at the core -- presumably borrowing these
topological features from the underlying Nielsen-Olesen vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6053 </DOCNO>
Linear bubble model of abnormal grain growth


  A linear bubble model of grain growth is introduced to study the conditions
under which an isolated grain can grow to a size much larger than the
surrounding matrix average (abnormal growth). We first consider the case of
bubbles of two different types such that the permeability of links joining
unlike bubbles is larger than that of like bubbles (a simple model of grain
boundary anisotropy). Stable abnormal growth is found both by mean field
analysis and direct numerical solution. We next study the role of grain
boundary pinning (e.g., due to impurities or precipitate phases) by introducing
a linear bubble model that includes lower and upper thresholds in the driving
force for bubble growth. The link permeability is assumed finite for driving
forces above the upper threshold, zero below the lower threshold, and
hysteretic in between. Abnormal growth is also observed in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72389 </DOCNO>
High-Energy QCD and Wilson Lines


  At high energies the particles move very fast so their trajectories can be
approximated by straight lines collinear to their velocities. The proper
degrees of freedom for the fast gluons moving along the straight lines are the
Wilson-line operators -- infinite gauge factors ordered along the straight
line. I review the study of the high-energy scattering in terms of Wilson-line
degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148570 </DOCNO>
n+1 dimensional Dirac equation and the Klein paradox


  The purpose of this comment is to clarify two points related to the Dirac
equation. First, the Lorentz structure of the potential and its connection with
the Klein paradox. Second, the connection between the number of space
dimensions and the number of spinor components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41727 </DOCNO>
CLEO Results: B Decays


  Measurements of many Standard Model constants are clouded by uncertainties in
nonperturbative QCD parameters that relate measurable quantities to the
underlying parton-level processes. Generally these QCD parameters have been
obtained from model calculations with large uncertainties that are difficult to
quantify. The CLEO Collaboration has taken a major step towards reducing these
uncertainties in determining the CKM matrix elements Vcb and Vub using new
measurements of the branching fraction and photon energy spectrum of B -> s
gamma decays. This report includes: the new CLEO measurements of B -> s gamma
decays, Vcb, and Vub; the first results from CLEO III data -- studies of B -> K
pi, pi pi, and K Kbar decays; mention of some other recent CLEO B decay
results; and plans for operating CESR and CLEO in the charm threshold region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129096 </DOCNO>
Where the Very Bright Matter is a Standard Ruler


  Where's the matter? The answer seems to be: ``distributed according to a
power spectrum with at least one feature (local maximum) near 120-130h^-1Mpc''.
Analyses of the Iovino, Clowes & Shaver quasar candidate catalogue at z~2 and
the 2dF Quasar Survey 10K Release (2QZ-10K) support this claim, which has
previously been made both for low redshift survey analyses and for high z~3)
redshift surveys will be presented. This feature (i) offers a comoving standard
ruler which can lift the matter density-cosmological constant
(Omega_m-Omega_Lambda) degeneracy and (ii) might be due either to baryonic
acoustic oscillations or to Planck epoch physics which survives through
inflation. (i) The 95% confidence constraint from the 2QZ-10K is Omega_m=
0.25\pm0.15, Omega_Lambda=0.60{\pm0.35}. This constraint is independent of
cosmic microwave background constraints and type Ia supernovae constraints. The
only assumptions required are (a) that the Universe satisfies a perturbed
Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker model with a possibly non-zero
cosmological constant, (b) that the density perturbations in this model on
large scales (>> 10h^-1Mpc) remain small (``linear'') and approximately
spatially fixed in comoving coordinates, (c) that the statistics (power
spectrum or correlation function) of the perturbations are redshift
independent, and (d) that quasar redshifts are cosmological.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129653 </DOCNO>
Search for sub-mm, mm and radio continuum emission from Extremely Red


  We present the results of sub-mm, mm (850 um, 450 um and 1250 um) and radio
(1.4 and 4.8 GHz) continuum observations of a sample of 27 K-selected Extremely
Red Objects, or EROs, (14 of which form a complete sample with K < 20 and I-K >
5) aimed at detecting dusty starbursts, deriving the fraction of UltraLuminous
Infrared Galaxies (ULIGs) in ERO samples, and constraining their redshifts
using the radio-FIR correlation. One ERO was tentatively detected at 1250 um
and two were detected at 1.4 GHz, one of which has a less secure identification
as an ERO counterpart. Limits on their redshifts and their star forming
properties are derived and discussed. We stacked the observations of the
undetected objects at 850 um, 1250 um and 4.8 GHz in order to search for
possible statistical emission from the ERO population as a whole, but no
significant detections were derived either for the whole sample or as a
function of the average NIR colours. These results strongly suggest that the
dominant population of EROs with K < 20 is not comprised of ULIGs like HR 10,
but is probably made of radio-quiet ellipticals and weaker starburst galaxies
with L < 10^{12} L_sun and SFR < 100 M_sun/yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74371 </DOCNO>
To be (finite) or not to be, that is the question "Kaluza-Klein


  Recently five dimensional supersymmetric models with a Scherk-Schwarz
supersymmetry breaking and a localized superpotential on a fixed-point have
been constructed to yield a definite prediction for the Higgs mass. We examine
this issue in detail and show that the finite one loop correction and the
definite prediction for the Higgs mass are just a consequence of a special
"Kaluza-Klein regularization" scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86986 </DOCNO>
New progress in the stationary D=N=4 supergravity


  A bosonic sector of the four-dimensional low-energy heterotic string theory
with two Abelian gauge fields is considered in the stationary case. A new 4X4
unitary null-curvature matrix representation of the theory is derived and the
corresponding formulation based on the use of a new 2X2 Ernst type matrix
complex potential is developed. The group of hidden symmetries is described and
classified in the matrix-valued quasi General Relativity form. A subgroup of
charging symmetries is constructed and representation which transforms linearly
under the action of this symmetry subgroup is established. Also the solution
generation procedure based on the application of the total charging symmetry
subgroup to the stationary Einstein-Maxwell theory is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3981 </DOCNO>
Orthogonal basis for the energy eigenfunctions of the Chern-Simons


  We study the spectrum of the Chern-Simons matrix model and identify an
orthogonal set of states. The connection to the spectrum of the Calogero model
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73631 </DOCNO>
Chargino and Neutralino Decays Revisited


  We perform a comprehensive analysis of the decays of charginos and
neutralinos in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model where the neutralino
$\chi_1^0$ is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle. We focus, in
particular, on the three-body decays of the next-to-lightest neutralino and the
lightest chargino into the lightest neutralino and fermion-antifermion pairs
and include vector boson, Higgs boson and sfermion exchange diagrams, where in
the latter contribution the full mixing in the third generation is included.
The radiative corrections to the heavy fermion and SUSY particle masses will be
also taken into account. We present complete analytical formulae for the Dalitz
densities and the integrated partial decay widths in the massless fermion case,
as well as the expressions of the differential decay widths including the
masses of the final fermions and the polarization of the decaying charginos and
neutralinos. We then discuss these decay modes, in particular in scenarios
where the parameter $\tan \beta$ is large and in models without universal
gaugino masses at the Grand Unification scale where some new decay channels,
such as decays into gluinos and $q\bar{q}$ pairs, open up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124358 </DOCNO>
The identification of the optical/IR counterpart of the 29.5-s transient


  We report on the identification of the optical/IR counterpart of the 29.5-s
transient X-ray pulsar GS 1843+009. We re-analysed an archival ROSAT HRI
observation of GS 1843+009, obtaining a new refined position. The optical and
IR follow-up observations carried out for the new error circle allowed us to
find a relatively faint (V=20.9) and variable early type reddened star
(V-R=2.1). The optical spectra show the Balmer and Paschen series in emission,
while the IR observations confirm the presence of a flux excess (H=13.2,
J-H=0.54), suggesting that the star is surrounded by a circumstellar envelope.
Spectroscopic and photometric data together indicate a B0-B2 IV-Ve
spectral-type star located at a distance of > 10kpc confirming the
Be-star/X-ray binary nature of GS 1843+009.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41619 </DOCNO>
Modern Dyson-Schwinger Equation Studies


  The dichotomy of the pion as QCD's Goldstone mode and a bound state of
massive constituents is easily understood using the Dyson-Schwinger equations.
That provides the foundation for an efficacious phenomenology, which correlates
the pion's charge radius and electromagnetic form factor with its valence quark
distribution function; and simultaneously provides a Poincare' covariant
description of the nucleon, its form factors and, more recently, meson
photoproduction processes. This well-constrained framework can also be used to
eliminate candidates for an extension of the Standard Model by providing the
relation between current-quark electric dipole moments and that of the neutron

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74706 </DOCNO>
Hadronic and Quark-Gluon Excitations of Dense and Hot Matter


  We summarize recent developments in our understanding of low-mass
quark-antiquark excitations in hadronic matter under various different
conditions. This includes the thermodynamics of the chiral condensate, pions as
Goldstone bosons in normal nuclear matter, and excursions into extreme
territory of the QCD phase diagram: lepton pair production from a fireball
expanding through the transition boundary between the quark-gluon and hadron
pha ses of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97140 </DOCNO>
Local moves on spatial graphs and finite type invariants


  We define $A_k$-moves for embeddings of a finite graph into the 3-sphere for
each natural number $k$. Let $A_k$-equivalence denote an equivalence relation
generated by $A_k$-moves and ambient isotopy. $A_k$-equivalence implies
$A_{k-1}$-equivalence. Let ${\cal F}$ be an $A_{k-1}$-equivalence class of the
embeddings of a finite graph into the 3-sphere. Let ${\cal G}$ be the quotient
set of ${\cal F}$ under $A_k$-equivalence. We show that the set ${\cal G}$
forms an abelian group under a certain geometric operation. We define finite
type invariants on ${\cal F}$ of order $(n;k)$. And we show that if any finite
type invariant of order $(1;k)$ takes the same value on two elements of ${\cal
F}$, then they are $A_k$-equivalent. $A_k$-move is a generalization of
$C_k$-move defined by K. Habiro. Habiro showed that two oriented knots are the
same up to $C_k$-move and ambient isotopy if and only if any Vassiliev
invariant of order $\leq k-1$ takes the same value on them. The ` if' part does
not hold for two-component links. Our result gives a sufficient condition for
spatial graphs to be $C_k$-equivalent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81455 </DOCNO>
Common features of deconfining and chiral critical points in QCD and the


  In the presented study we investigated the second order endpoints of the
lines of first order phase transitions which emerge for the QCD in the heavy
and light quark mass regime and for the three-dimensional three state Potts
model with an external field. We located the endpoints with Binder cumulants
and constructed the energy-like and ordering field like observables. The joint
probability distributions of these scaling fields and the values of the Binder
cumulant confirm that all three endpoints belong to the universality class of
the 3-dimensional Ising model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4257 </DOCNO>
Reduction of Josephson critical current in short ballistic SNS weak


  We present fully self-consistent calculations of the thermodynamic properties
of three-dimensional clean SNS Josephson junctions, where S is an s-wave
short-coherence-length superconductor and N is a clean normal metal. The
junction is modeled on an infinite cubic lattice such that the transverse width
of the S is the same as that of the N, and its thickness is tuned from the
short to long limit. Both the reduced order parameter near the SN boundary and
the short coherence length depress the critical Josephson current $I_c$, even
in short junctions. This is contrasted with recent measurements on SNS
junctions finding much smaller $I_cR_N$ products than expected from the
standard (non-self consistent and quasiclassical) predictions. We also find
unusual current-phase relations, a ``phase anti-dipole'' spatial distribution
of the self-consistently determined contribution to the macroscopic phase, and
an ``unexpected'' minigap in the local density of states within the N region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5550 </DOCNO>
Finite genome size can halt Muller's ratchet


  We study the accumulation of deleterious mutations in a haploid, asexually
reproducing population, using analytical models and computer simulations. We
find that Muller's ratchet can come to a halt in small populations as a
consequence of a finite genome size only, in the complete absence of backward
or compensatory mutations, epistasis, or recombination. The origin of this
effect lies in the fact that the number of loci at which mutations can create
considerable damage decreases with every turn of the ratchet, while the total
number of mutations per genome and generation remains constant. Whether the
ratchet will come to a halt eventually depends on the ratio of the per-locus
deleterious mutation rate $u$ and the selection strength $s$. For sufficiently
small $u/s$, the ratchet halts after only a few clicks. We discuss the
implications of our results for bacterial and virus evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168951 </DOCNO>
The N-box paradox in orthodox quantum mechanics


  The prediction of the N-box paradox, that whichever box is opened will
contain the record of the particle having passed through it, is traced to a
failure to specify whether the other boxes are distinguishable or
indistinguishable. If the alternative outcomes are distinguishable but not
known, the particle can be treated as if in a mixed state rather than a pure
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75765 </DOCNO>
Monopoles, confinement and deconfinement in lattice compact QED in


  Finite temperature compact electrodynamics in (2+1) dimensions is studied in
the presence of external electromagnetic fields. The deconfinement temperature
is found to be insensitive to the external fields. This result corroborates our
observation that external fields create additional small--size magnetic dipoles
from the vacuum which do not spoil the confining properties of the model at low
temperature. However, the Polyakov loop is not an order parameter of
confinement. It can vanish in deconfinement in the presence of external field.
This does not mean the restoration of confinement for certain external field
fluxes. As a next step in the study of (2+1)D QED, the influence of monopoles
on the photon propagator is studied. First results are presented showing this
connection in the confining phase (without external field).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169182 </DOCNO>
Comment on Book Review of `Quantum Evolution' (Johnjoe McFadden) by


  This paper is a response to the critical review by Mathew J. Donald of the
popular science book 'Quantum Evolution' by Johnjoe McFadden and our earlier
paper (by Johnjoe McFadden and Jim Al-Khalili), in which we propose a quantum
mechanical explanation for certain types of mutation. We here address Donald's
criticisms and reassert our proposal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41061 </DOCNO>
NA48: Rare Decay Results


  Recent results on the kaon rare decays measured in NA48 experiment at CERN
are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5998 </DOCNO>
Human Genome data analyzed by an evolutionary method suggests a decrease


  The Human Genome Project (HGP) provides researchers with the data of nearly
all human genes and the challenge to use this information for elucidating the
etiology of common disorders. A secondary Darwinian method was applied to HGP
and other research data to approximate and possibly unravel the etiology of
schizophrenia. The results indicate that genetic and epigenetic variants of
genes involved in signal transduction, transcription and translation -
converging at the protein-synthesis rate (PSR) as common final pathway - appear
to be responsible for the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia, which is
significantly increased in the families of geniuses (p = 0.0005). Significant
disagreement between facts and current major schizophrenia hypotheses was
obtained. Only the polygenic model and the proteomic theory survived the
goodness-of-fit test. We conclude that schizophrenia most likely is caused by a
deficient PSR affecting the entire human proteome. Environmental (e.g. viruses)
and/or genetic factors can lead to PSR deficiency. The proteomic theory of
schizophrenia and antipsychotic mechanism explains 96.7% of the established
facts, reveals links between previously unrelated facts, integrates many
hypotheses, and implies that schizophrenia should be easily preventable and
treatable, partly by immunization against neurotrophic viruses and partly by
the development of new drugs which selectively increase cerebral PSR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124051 </DOCNO>
Large Circumbinary Dust Grains Around Evolved Giants?


  We have detected continuum emission at 450 microns, 850 microns and 1.35
millimeters from SS Lep (or 17 Lep), 3 Pup and probably BM Gem, likely or
confirmed binary systems consisting of at least one evolved giant. The observed
submillimeter fluxes are probably emitted by grains rather than ionized gas.
The dust temperature is greater than 70 K within 6 arcseconds of each source.
To explain why grains are so cold near the star, we suggest that the emission
at wavelengths greater than 450 microns is produced by particles as large as
0.1 millimeter in radius, and that these large particles probably have grown by
coagulation in circumbinary orbiting disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179232 </DOCNO>
Elliptic flow and freezeout from the parton cascade MPC


  Differential elliptic flow out to p_T ~ 5 GeV/c and particle spectra are
calculated using the MPC elastic parton cascade model for Au+Au at Ecm ~ 130A
GeV. The evolution is computed from parton transport theory, followed by
hadronization either via independent fragmentation or by imposing parton-hadron
duality. With pQCD elastic cross sections, very large initial gluon densities
dN/deta > 7000 are required to reproduce the data measured by the STAR
collaboration. In addition, elliptic flow and the p_T spectra are shown to be
very sensit ive to particle subdivision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95860 </DOCNO>
Vertex operators and the class algebras of symmetric groups


  We exhibit a vertex operator which implements multiplication by power-sums of
Jucys-Murphy elements in the centers of the group algebras of all symmetric
groups simultaneously. The coefficients of this operator generate a
representation of ${\cal W}_{1+\infty}$, to which operators multiplying by
normalized conjugacy classes are also shown to belong. A new derivation of such
operators based on matrix integrals is proposed, and our vertex operator is
used to give an alternative approach to the polynomial functions on Young
diagrams introduced by Kerov and Olshanski.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167937 </DOCNO>
Analytical operator solution of master equations describing


  We present a method of solving master equations which may describe, in their
most general form, phase sensitive processes such as decay and amplification.
We make use of the superoperator technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96483 </DOCNO>
Hyperplane sections of Calabi-Yau varieties


  Theorem: If W is a smooth complex projective variety with h^1 (O-script_W) =
0, then a sufficiently ample smooth divisor X on W cannot be a hyperplane
section of a Calabi-Yau variety, unless W is itself a Calabi-Yau.
     Corollary: A smooth hypersurface of degree d in P^n (n >= 2) is a
hyperplane section of a Calabi-Yau variety iff n+2 <= d <= 2n+2.
     The method is to construct out of the variety W a universal family of all
varieties Z for which X is a hyperplane section with normal bundle K_X, and
examine the "bad" singularities of such Z. A motivation is to show many curves
cannot be divisors on a K-3 surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3298 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of the random field Ising model on the Bethe lattice


  The phase diagram of the random field Ising model on the Bethe lattice with a
symmetric dichotomous random field is closely investigated with respect to the
transition between the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regime. Refining
arguments of Bleher, Ruiz and Zagrebnov [J. Stat. Phys. 93, 33 (1998)] an exact
upper bound for the existence of a unique paramagnetic phase is found which
considerably improves the earlier results. Several numerical estimates of
transition lines between a ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic regime are
presented. The obtained results do not coincide with a lower bound for the
onset of ferromagnetism proposed by Bruinsma [Phys. Rev. B 30, 289 (1984)]. If
the latter one proves correct this would hint to a region of coexistence of
stable ferromagnetic phases and a stable paramagnetic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123495 </DOCNO>
The Mass and Structure of the Pleiades Star Cluster from 2MASS


  We present the results of a large scale search for new members of the
Pleiades star cluster using 2MASS near-infrared photometry and proper motions
derived from POSS plates digitized by the USNO PMM program. The search extends
to a 10 degree radius around the cluster, well beyond the presumed tidal
radius, to a limiting magnitude of R ~ 20, corresponding to ~ 0.07 M_sun at the
distance and age of the Pleiades. Multi-object spectroscopy for 528 candidates
verifies that the search was extremely effective at detecting cluster stars in
the 1 - 0.1 M_sun mass range using the distribution of H_alpha emission
strengths as an estimate of sample contamination by field stars.
 When combined with previously identified, higher mass stars, this search
provides a sensitive measurement of the stellar mass function and dynamical
structure of the Pleiades. The degree of tidal elongation of the halo agrees
well with current N body simulation results. Tidal truncation affects masses
below ~ 1 M_sun. The cluster contains a total mass ~ 800 M_sun. Evidence for a
flatter mass function in the core than in the halo indicates the depletion of
stars in the core with mass less than ~ 0.5 M_sun, relative to stars with mass
\~ 1 - 0.5 M_sun, and implies a preference for very low mass objects to populate
the halo or escape. The overall mass function is best fitted with a lognormal
form that becomes flat at ~ 0.1 M_sun. Whether sufficient dynamical evaporation
has occurred to detectably flatten the initial mass function, via preferential
escape of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs, is undetermined, pending better
membership information for stars at large radial distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98871 </DOCNO>
The Chow ring of a K3 surface


  Let X be a K3 surface. We show that the Chow group CH_0(X) of 0-cycles
contains a "fundamental class" c_X of degree 1 with remarkable properties: any
product of divisors is proportional to this class, and so is the second Chern
class c_2(X). This preprint supersedes the preprint math.AG/0109063 by the
first author, where the latter property was conjectured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97003 </DOCNO>
Introduction to Arithmetic Groups


  This revised version of a book in progress on arithmetic groups and locally
symmetric spaces contains a couple of additional chapters, and many minor
errors have been corrected, although others probably remain. The proposed table
of contents is less ambitious than in the first draft, and the title has been
changed to reflect this. Chapters that have been written so far are: 1) What is
a locally symmetric space?; 2) Geometer's introduction to R-rank and Q-rank; 3)
Introduction to semisimple Lie groups; 4) Some of the structure of semisimple
Lie groups; 5) Basic properties of lattices; 6) What is an arithmetic lattice?;
7) Division algebras and Hermitian forms; 8) Central division algebras over
number fields; 9) Examples of lattices; 10) Real rank; 11) Q-rank; 12)
Arithmetic lattices in classical groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81314 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative renormalization for a renormalization group improved


  Renormalization constants of vector ($Z_V$) and axial-vector ($Z_A$) currents
are determined non-perturbatively in quenched QCD for a renormalization group
improved gauge action and a tadpole improved clover quark action using the
Schr\"odinger functional method. Non-perturbative values of $Z_V$ and $Z_A$
turn out to be smaller than the one-loop perturbative values by $O(10%)$ at
$a^{-1}\approx 1$ GeV. A sizable scaling violation of meson decay constants
$f_\pi$ and $f_\rho$ observed with the one-loop renormalization factors remains
even with non-perturbative renormalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73275 </DOCNO>
Non-singlet structure functions beyond the next-to-next-to leading order


  We study the evolution of the flavour non-singlet deep-inelastic structure
functions F_{2,NS} and F_3 at the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N^3LO)
of massless perturbative QCD. The present information on the corresponding
three-loop coefficient functions is used to derive approximate expressions of
these quantities which prove completely sufficient for values x > 10^{-2} of
the Bjorken variable. The inclusion of the N^3LO corrections reduces the
theoretical uncertainty of alpha_s determinations from non-singlet scaling
violations arising from the truncation of the perturbation series to less than
1%. We also study the predictions of the soft-gluon resummation, of
renormalization-scheme optimizations by the principle of minimal sensitivity
(PMS) and the effective charge (ECH) method, and of the Pade' summation for the
structure-function evolution kernels. The PMS, ECH and Pade' approaches are
found to facilitate a reliable estimate of the corrections beyond N^3LO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86594 </DOCNO>
Gravitational self force and gauge transformations


  We explore how the gravitational self force (or ``radiation reaction''
force), acting on a pointlike test particle in curved spacetime, is modified in
a gauge transformation. We derive the general transformation law, describing
the change in the self force in terms of the infinitesimal displacement vector
associated with the gauge transformation. Based on this transformation law, we
extend the regularization prescription by Mino et al. and Quinn and Wald
(originally formulated within the harmonic gauge) to an arbitrary gauge. Then
we extend the method of mode-sum regularization (which provides a practical
means for calculating the regularized self force and was recently applied to
the harmonic-gauge gravitational self force) to an arbitrary gauge. We find
that the regularization parameters involved in this method are
gauge-independent. We also explore the gauge transformation of the self force
from the harmonic gauge to the Regge-Wheeler gauge and to the radiation gauge,
focusing attention on the regularity of these gauge transformations. We
conclude that the transformation of the self force to the Regge-Wheeler gauge
in Schwarzschild spacetime is regular for radial orbits and irregular
otherwise, whereas the transformation to the radiation gauge is irregular for
all orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149988 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of topological field theories in the BV-framework


  Topological field theories of Schwarz-type generally admit symmetries whose
algebra does not close off-shell, e.g. the basic symmetries of BF models or
vector supersymmetry of the gauge-fixed action for Chern-Simons theory (this
symmetry being at the origin of the perturbative finiteness of the theory). We
present a detailed discussion of all these symmetries within the algebraic
approach to the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism. Moreover, we discuss the general
algebraic construction of topological models of both Schwarz- and Witten-type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3278 </DOCNO>
Kondo Effect and Persistent Currents in a Mesoscopic Ring: Numerically


  We study the persistent current circulating along a mesoscopic ring with a
dot side-coupled to it when threaded by a magnetic field. A cluster including
the dot and its vicinity is diagonalized and embedded into the rest of the
system. The result is numerically exact. We show that a ring of any size can be
in the Kondo regime, although for small sizes it depends upon the magnetic
flux. In the Kondo regime, the current can be a smooth or a strongly dependent
function of the gate potential according to the structure of occupation of the
highest energetic electrons of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3017 </DOCNO>
Happier World with More Information


  We explore the consequences of incomplete information in the stable marriage
problem. When information capacity of the participants is increased, more
favorable games are created and the quality of the matches are also better. The
simple model serves as a metaphor for a world with ever more computing power
that leads to more positive inter-personal interactions and of higher quality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7059 </DOCNO>
Observation of Hubbard Bands in $\gamma$-Manganese


  We present angle-resolved photoemission spectra of the $\gamma$-phase of
manganese as well as a theoretical analysis using a recently developed approach
that combines density functional and dynamical mean field methods (LDA+DMFT).
The comparison of experimental data and theoretical predictions allows us to
identify effects of the Coulomb correlations, namely the presence of broad and
undispersive Hubbard bands in this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97824 </DOCNO>
Structures in higher-dimensional category theory


  This paper, written in 1998, aims to clarify various higher categorical
structures, mostly through the theory of generalized operads and
multicategories. Chapters I and II, which cover this theory and its application
to give a definition of weak n-category, are largely superseded by my thesis
(math.CT/0011106), but Chapters III and IV have not appeared elsewhere. The
main result of Chapter III is that small Gray-categories can be characterized
as the sub-tricategories of the tricategory of 2-categories, homomorphisms,
strong transformations and modifications; there is also a conjecture on
coherence in higher dimensions. Chapter IV defines opetopes and a category of
n-pasting diagrams for each n, which in the case n=2 is a definition of the
category of trees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73290 </DOCNO>
Spin-Dependent Structure Functions of Real and Virtual Photons


  The implications of the positivity constraint, $|g_1^{\gamma(P^2)}(x,Q^2)|
\leq F_1^{\gamma(P^2)}(x,Q^2)$, on the presently unknown spin--dependent
structure function $g_1^{\gamma(P^2)}(x,Q^2)$ of real and virtual photons are
studied at scales $Q^2\gg P^2$ where longitudinally polarized photons dominate
physically relevant cross sections. In particular it is shown how to implement
the physical constraints of positivity and continuity at $P^2=0$ in NLO
calculations which afford a nontrivial choice of suitable (DIS) factorization
schemes related to $g_1^{\gamma}$ and $F_1^{\gamma}$ and appropriate boundary
conditions for the polarized parton distributions of real and virtual photons.
The predictions of two extreme `maximal' and `minimal' saturation scenarios are
presented and compared with results obtained within the framework of a simple
quark `box' calculation expected to yield reasonable estimates in the not too
small regions of $x$ and $P^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77152 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Lorentz Violation


  Supersymmetric field theories can be constructed that violate Lorentz and CPT
symmetry. We illustrate this with some simple examples related to the original
Wess-Zumino model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126627 </DOCNO>
Galactic origin of the alleged extragalactic gamma-ray background


  The diffuse gamma-ray background radiation (GBR) at high Galactic latitudes
could be dominated by inverse Compton scattering (ICS) of cosmic ray (CR)
electrons on the cosmic microwave background radiation (CBR) and on starlight
(SL) in an extended CR halo of our galaxy. Assuming the locally observed CR
electron spectrum beyond a few GeV, which follows from equilibrium between
Fermi acceleration and radiative cooling, to be a universal spectrum throughout
our galaxy and its CR halo, we reproduce the observed spectral index, the
intensity and the angular dependence of the GBR, in directions away from the
galactic disk and centre, without recourse to hypothetical extragalactic
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129040 </DOCNO>
Chaos in the Solar System


  The physical basis of chaos in the solar system is now better understood: in
all cases investigated so far, chaotic orbits result from overlapping
resonances. Perhaps the clearest examples are found in the asteroid belt.
Overlapping resonances account for its Kirkwood gaps and were used to predict
and find evidence for very narrow gaps in the outer belt. Further afield, about
one new ``short-period'' comet is discovered each year. They are believed to
come from the ``Kuiper Belt'' (at 40 AU or more) via chaotic orbits produced by
mean-motion and secular resonances with Neptune. Finally, the planetary system
itself is not immune from chaos. In the inner solar system, overlapping secular
resonances have been identified as the possible source of chaos. For example,
Mercury, in 10^{12} years, may suffer a close encounter with Venus or plunge
into the Sun. In the outer solar system, three-body resonances have been
identified as a source of chaos, but on an even longer time scale of 10^9 times
the age of the solar system. On the human time scale, the planets do follow
their orbits in a stately procession, and we can predict their trajectories for
hundreds of thousands of years. That is because the mavericks, with shorter
instability times, have long since been ejected. The solar system is not
stable; it is just old!

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95601 </DOCNO>
Fredholm modules over certain group C*-algebras


  Motivated by the search for new examples of "noncommutative manifolds", we
study the noncommutative geometry of the group C*-algebras of various discrete
groups. The examples we consier are the infinite dihedral group
 ${\bf Z} \times_{\sigma} {\bf Z}_2$ and the semidirect product ${\bf Z}
\times_{\sigma} {\bf Z}$. We present a unified treatment of the K-homology and
cyclic cohomology of these algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72680 </DOCNO>
Magnetic charge of finite lifetime in SU(2) gluodynamics


  A self-dual, localized solution to the classical SU(2) Yang-Mills equation in
Euclidean spacetime, which formally possesses infinite action, is investigated
in view of its U(1) charge content after Abelian projection. This is suggested
by noting that the solution satisfies 't Hooft's differential projection
condition away from the singularities. As a result the existence of dynamical,
magnetic charge of finite lifetime is established. A covariant cutoff for the
action is introduced by demanding the solution to be close to an instanton
topologically. This is in analogy to the \underline{calculation} of the mass of
a point charge in classical electrodynamics or the subtraction of diverging
self-energies of magnetic monopoles as discussed in the literature. The Wilson
loop is evaluated in the background of a dilute gas. Assuming identical
integrals over size distributions, the corresponding static quark/anti-quark
potential at infinite spatial separation can be seizably higher than the
potential in a dilute instanton gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179652 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Equation for Low Momentum Effective Nuclear


  We consider two nonperturbative methods originally used to derive shell model
effective interactions in nuclei. These methods have been applied to the two
nucleon sector to obtain an energy independent effective interaction V_{low k},
which preserves the low momentum half-on-shell T matrix and the deuteron pole,
with a sharp cutoff imposed on all intermediate state momenta. We show that
V_{low k} scales with the cutoff precisely as one expects from renormalization
group arguments. This result is a step towards reformulating traditional model
space many-body calculations in the language of effective field theories and
the renormalization group. The numerical scaling properties of V_{low k} are
observed to be in excellent agreement with our exact renormalization group
equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149685 </DOCNO>
On Asymmetric Orbifolds and the D=5 No-modulus Supergravity


  We examine whether any type II asymmetric orbifolds have the same massless
spectrum as the dimensional reduction of D=5 simple supergravity, which,
besides the eleven-dimensional supergravity, is the only known supergravity
above four dimensions with no moduli. We attempt to construct such models by
further twisting the orbifolds which yield D=4, N=4 pure supergravity to find
that, unfortunately, none of the models have that spectrum. We provide
supergravity arguments explaining why this is so. As a by-product, we list all
possible momentum-winding lattices that give D=4, N=4 pure supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81421 </DOCNO>
Glueball and gluelump spectrum in abelian projected QCD


  We study glueball and gluelump spectra calculated after abelian projection in
both quenched and $N_f=2$ full QCD. The abelian projection is made after MA
gauge fixing. We demonstrate that both spectra can be recovered despite the
problem with positivity. We suggest the interpretation of some of the gluelump
states in the language of the abelian projected theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72439 </DOCNO>
Causality and CPT violation from an Abelian Chern-Simons-like term


  We study a class of generalized Abelian gauge field theories where CPT
symmetry is violated by a Chern-Simons-like term which selects a preferred
direction in spacetime. Such Chern-Simons-like terms may either emerge as part
of the low-energy effective action of a more fundamental theory or be produced
by chiral anomalies over a nonsimply connected spacetime manifold.
Specifically, we investigate the issues of unitarity and causality. We find
that the behaviour of these gauge field theories depends on whether the
preferred direction is spacelike or timelike. For a purely spacelike preferred
direction, a well-behaved Feynman propagator exists and microcausality holds,
which indicates the possibility of a consistent quantization of the theory. For
timelike preferred directions, unitarity or causality is violated and a
consistent quantization does not seem to be possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1369 </DOCNO>
On the Phase Behavior of Disordered Type-II Superconductors


  A general phenomenology for phase behaviour in the mixed phase of disordered
type-II superconductors is outlined. We propose that the ``Bragg glass'' phase
generically transforms via two separate thermodynamic phase transitions into a
disordered liquid on increasing the temperature. The first transition is into a
glassy phase, topologically disordered at the largest length scales; current
evidence suggests that it lacks the long-ranged phase correlations expected of
a ``vortex glass''. This phase has a significant degree of short-ranged
translational order, unlike the disordered liquid, but no quasi-long range
order, in contrast to the Bragg glass. This glassy phase, which we call a
``multi-domain glass'', is confined to a narrow sliver at intermediate fields,
but broadens out both for much larger and much smaller field values. The
multi-domain glass may be a ``hexatic glass''; alternatively, its glassy
properties may originate in the replica symmetry breaking envisaged in recent
theories of the structural glass transition. Estimates for translational
correlation lengths in the multi-domain glass indicate that they can be far
larger than the interline spacing for weak disorder, suggesting a plausible
mechanism by which signals of a two-step transition can be obscured.
Calculations of the Bragg glass-multi-domain glass and the multi-domain
glass-disordered liquid phase boundaries are presented and compared to
experimental data. We argue that these proposals provide a unified picture of
the available experimental data on both high-T$_c$ and low-T$_c$ materials,
simulations and current theoretical understanding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2844 </DOCNO>
Flat-band ferromagnetism in quantum dot superlattices


  Possibility of flat-band ferromagnetism in quantum dot arrays is
theoretically discussed. By using a quantum dot as a building block, quantum
dot superlattices are possible. We consider dot arrays on Lieb and kagome
lattices known to exhibit flat band ferromagnetism. By performing an exact
diagonalization of the Hubbard Hamiltonian, we calculate the energy difference
between the ferromagnetic ground state and the paramagnetic excited state, and
discuss the stability of the ferromagnetism against the second nearest neighbor
transfer. We calculate the dot-size dependence of the energy difference in a
dot model and estimate the transition temperature of the
ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition which is found to be accessible within
the present fabrication technology. We point out advantages of semiconductor
ferromagnets and suggest other interesting possibilities of electronic
properties in quantum dot superlattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128553 </DOCNO>
Einstein's coefficients and the nature of thermal radio emission


  The relations between Einstein's coefficients for spontaneous and induced
emission of radiation with account for the natural linewidth are obtained . It
is shown that thermal radio emission is stimulated one . Thermal radio emission
of non-uniform gas is considered .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73318 </DOCNO>
Kaon and Charm Physics: Theory


  We introduce and discuss basic topics in the theory of kaons and charmed
particles. In the first part, theoretical methods in weak decays such as
operator product expansion, renormalization group and the construction of
effective Hamiltonians are presented, along with an elementary account of
chiral perturbation theory. The second part describes the phenomenology of the
neutral kaon system, CP violation, $\varepsilon$ and
$\varepsilon'/\varepsilon$, rare kaon decays ($K\to\pi\nu\bar\nu$, $K_L\to\pi^0
e^+e^-$, $K_L\to\mu^+\mu^-$), and some examples of flavour physics in the charm
sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97377 </DOCNO>
On minimal models in integral homotopy theory


  This paper takes its starting point in an idea of Grothendieck on the
representation of homotopy types.
  We show that any locally finite nilpotent homotopy can be represented by a
simplicial set which is a finitely generated free group in all degrees and
whose maps are given by polynomials with rational coefficients. Such a
simplicial set is in some sense a universal localisation/completion as all
localisations and completions of the homotopy is easily contructed from it.
  In particular relations with the Quillen and Sullivan approaches are
presented.
  When the theory is applied to the Eilenberg-MacLane space of a torsion free
finitely generated nilpotent group a close relation to the the theory of Passi
polynomial maps is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74012 </DOCNO>
A consistent treatment for pion form factors in space-like and time-like


  We write down some relevant matrix elements for the scattering and decay
processes of the pion by considering a quark-meson vertex function. The pion
charge and transition form factors $F_\pi$, $F_{\pi\gamma}$, and
$F_{\pi\gamma^*}$ are extracted from these matrix elements using a relativistic
quark model on the light-front. We found that, the form factors $F_\pi$ and
$F_{\pi\gamma}$ in the space-like region agree well with experiment.
Furthermore, the branching ratios of all observed decay modes of the neutral
pion, that are related to the form factors $F_{\pi\gamma}$ and
$F_{\pi\gamma^*}$ in the time-like region, are all consistent with the data as
well. Additionally, $F_\pi$ in the time-like region, which deals with the
nonvalence contribution, is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3449 </DOCNO>
Exotic galilean symmetry in the non-commutative plane, and the Hall


  Quantum Mechanics in the non-commutative plane is shown to admit the
``exotic'' symmetry of the doubly-centrally-extended Galilei group. When
coupled to a planar magnetic field whose strength is the inverse of the
non-commutative parameter, the system becomes singular, and ``Faddeev-Jackiw''
reduction yields the ``Chern-Simons'' mechanics of Dunne, Jackiw, and
Trugenberger. The reduced system moves according to the Hall law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96022 </DOCNO>
Real Polynomial Diffeomorphisms with Maximal Entropy: Tangencies


  In this paper we use complex techniques to study the structure of real Henon
diffeomorphisms of maximal topological entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74610 </DOCNO>
Associated production of Higgs and single top at hadron colliders


  We study the production of the Higgs boson in association with a single top
quark at hadron colliders. The cross sections for the three production
processes (t-channel, s-channel, and W-associated) at both the Tevatron and the
LHC are presented. We investigate the possibility of detecting a signal for the
largest of these processes, the t-channel process at the LHC, via the Higgs
decay into b b-bar. The QCD backgrounds are large and difficult to curb,
hindering the extraction of the signal. Extensions of our analysis to the
production of supersymmetric Higgs bosons are also addressed. The cross section
is enhanced for large values of tangent beta, increasing the prospects for
extracting a signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98853 </DOCNO>
Bayesian Blocks in Two or More Dimensions: Image Segmentation and


  This paper describes an extension, to higher dimensions, of the Bayesian
Blocks algorithm for estimating signals in noisy time series data (Scargle
1998, 2000). The mathematical problem is to find the partition of the data
space with the maximum posterior probability for a model consisting of a
homogeneous Poisson process for each partition element. For model M_{n},
attributing the data within region n of the data space to a Poisson process
with a fixed event rate lambda_{n}, the global posterior is:
  P(M_{n}) = Phi(N,V) = Gamma(N+1)Gamma(V-N+1) / Gamma(V+2) = N!(V-N)!/(V+1)! .
  Note that lambda_{n} does not appear, since it has been marginalized, using a
flat, improper prior. Other priors yield similar formulas. This expression is
valid for a data space of any dimension. It depends on only N, the number of
data points within the region, and V, the volume of the region. No information
about the actual locations of the points enters this expression.
  Suppose two such regions, described by N_{1},V_{1} and N_{2},V_{2}, are
candidates for being merged into one. From the above equation, construct a
Bayes merge factor, giving the ratio of posteriors for the two regions merged
and not merged, respectively:
  P(Merge) = Phi(N_{1}+N_{2},V_{1}+V_{2}) / Phi(N_{1},V_{1}) Phi(N_{2},V_{2}) .
  Then collect data points into blocks with a greedy cell coalescence
algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126822 </DOCNO>
Detection of H2 Emission from Mira B in UV Spectra from the Hubble Space


  We present ultraviolet spectra of Mira's companion star from the Space
Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) instrument on board the Hubble Space
Telescope (HST). The companion is generally assumed to be a white dwarf
surrounded by an accretion disk fed by Mira's wind, which dominates the UV
emission from the system. The STIS UV spectrum is dominated by numerous, narrow
H2 lines fluoresced by H I Ly-alpha, which were not detected in any of the
numerous observations of Mira B by the International Ultraviolet Explorer
(IUE). The high temperature lines detected by IUE (e.g., C IV 1550) still exist
in the STIS spectrum but with dramatically lower fluxes. The continuum fluxes
in the STIS spectra are also much lower, being more than an order of magnitude
lower than ever observed by IUE, and also an order of magnitude lower than
fluxes observed in more recent HST Faint Object Camera objective prism spectra
from 1995. Thus, the accretion rate onto Mira B was apparently much lower when
STIS observed the star, and this change altered the character of Mira B's UV
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3130 </DOCNO>
Angle of repose and segregation in cohesive granular matter


  We study the effect of fluids on the angle of repose and the segregation of
granular matter poured into a silo. The experiments are conducted in two
regimes where: (i) the volume fraction of the fluid is small and it forms
liquid bridges between particles, and (ii) the particles are completely
immersed in the fluid. The data is obtained by imaging the pile formed inside a
quasi-two dimensional silo through the transparent glass side walls. In the
first series of experiments, the angle of repose is observed to increase
sharply with the volume fraction of the fluid and then saturates at a value
that depends on the size of the particles. We systematically study the effect
of viscosity by using water-glycerol mixtures to vary it over at least three
orders of magnitude while keeping the surface tension almost constant. Besides
surface tension, the viscosity of the fluid is observed to have an effect on
the angle of repose and the extent of segregation. In case of bidisperse
particles, segregation is observed to decrease and finally saturate depending
on the size ratio of the particles and the viscosity of the fluid. The sharp
initial change and the subsequent saturation in the extent of segregation and
angle of repose occurs over similar volume fraction of the fluid. In the second
series of experiments, particles are poured into a container filled with a
fluid. Although the angle of repose is observed to be unchanged, segregation is
observed to decrease with an increase in the viscosity of the fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124806 </DOCNO>
Broadband Observations of the Afterglow of GRB 000926: Observing the


  GRB 000926 has one of the best-studied afterglows to-date, with multiple
X-ray observations, as well as extensive multi-frequency optical and radio
coverage. Broadband afterglow observations, spanning from X-ray to radio
frequencies, provide a probe of the density structure of the circumburst
medium, as well as of the ejecta energetics, geometry, and the physical
parameters of the relativistic blastwave resulting from the explosion. We
present an analysis of {\em Chandra X-ray Observatory} observations of this
event, along with {\em Hubble Space Telescope} and radio monitoring. We combine
these data with ground-based optical and IR observations and fit the
synthesized afterglow lightcurve using models where collimated ejecta expand
into a surrounding medium. We find that we can explain the broadband lightcurve
with reasonable physical parameters only if the cooling is dominated by inverse
Compton scattering. Excess X-ray emission in the broadband spectrum indicates
that we are directly observing a contribution from inverse Compton scattering.
It is the first time this has been observed in a GRB afterglow, and it implies
that the GRB exploded in a reasonably dense (n~30 cm^{-3}) medium, consistent
with a diffuse interstellar cloud environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97810 </DOCNO>
Hilbert series of quadratic algebras associated with pseudo-roots of


  The quadratic algebras Q_n are associated with pseudo-roots of noncommutative
polynomials. We compute the Hilbert series of the algebras Q_n and of the dual
quadratic algebras Q_n^!

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1367 </DOCNO>
CsMn(Br_xI_{1-x})_3: Crossover from an XY to an Ising Chiral


  We report on high-resolution specific-heat and magnetocaloric-effect
measurements of the triangular-lattice antiferromagnets CsMn(Br_xI_{1-x})_3
with different x. The evolution of the magnetic phase diagrams from the
easy-axis system for x = 0 to the easy-plane system for x = 1 was studied in
detail. The specific-heat critical exponent alpha of the almost isotropic x =
0.19 system agrees with the value predicted for a chiral Heisenberg scenario.
In an applied magnetic field (B = 6 T) a crossover to a weak first-order
transition is detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95630 </DOCNO>
Scattering theory for p-forms on hyperbolic real space


  Due to spectral obstructions, a scattering theory in the Lax-Phillips sense
for the wave equation for differential p-forms on H^{n+1} cannot be developed.
As a consequence, Huygens' principle for the wave equation in this context does
not hold. If we restrict the class of forms and we consider the case of
coclosed p-forms on H^{n+1}, when n=2p, Huygens' principle does hold and thus
in this case incoming and outgoing subspaces can be constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83664 </DOCNO>
Coloring k-colorable graphs using relatively small palettes


  We obtain the following new coloring results:
  * A 3-colorable graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree~$\Delta$ can be
colored, in polynomial time, using $O((\Delta \log\Delta)^{1/3} \cdot\log{n})$
colors. This slightly improves an $O((\Delta^{{1}/{3}}
\log^{1/2}\Delta)\cdot\log{n})$ bound given by Karger, Motwani and Sudan.  More
generally, $k$-colorable graphs with maximum degree $\Delta$ can be colored, in
polynomial time, using $O((\Delta^{1-{2}/{k}}\log^{1/k}\Delta) \cdot\log{n})$
colors.
  * A 4-colorable graph on $n$ vertices can be colored, in polynomial time,
using $\Ot(n^{7/19})$ colors. This improves an $\Ot(n^{2/5})$ bound given again
by Karger, Motwani and Sudan. More generally, $k$-colorable graphs on $n$
vertices can be colored, in polynomial time, using $\Ot(n^{\alpha_k})$ colors,
where $\alpha_5=97/207$, $\alpha_6=43/79$, $\alpha_7=1391/2315$,
$\alpha_8=175/271$, ...
  The first result is obtained by a slightly more refined probabilistic
analysis of the semidefinite programming based coloring algorithm of Karger,
Motwani and Sudan. The second result is obtained by combining the coloring
algorithm of Karger, Motwani and Sudan, the combinatorial coloring algorithms
of Blum and an extension of a technique of Alon and Kahale (which is based on
the Karger, Motwani and Sudan algorithm) for finding relatively large
independent sets in graphs that are guaranteed to have very large independent
sets. The extension of the Alon and Kahale result may be of independent
interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81051 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative Renormalisation of Domain Wall Fermions: Quark


  We find the renormalisation coefficients of the quark field and the flavour
non-singlet fermion bilinear operators for the domain wall fermion action, in
the regularisation independent (RI) renormalisation scheme. Our results are
from a quenched simulation, on a 16^3x32 lattice, with beta=6.0 and an extent
in the fifth dimension of 16. We also discuss the expected effects of the
residual chiral symmetry breaking inherent in a domain wall fermion simulation
with a finite fifth dimension, and study the evidence for both explicit and
spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking effects in our numerical results. We find
that the relations between different renormalisation factors predicted by
chiral symmetry are, to a good approximation, satisfied by our results and that
systematic effects due to the (low energy) spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking
and zero-modes can be controlled. Our results are compared against the
perturbative predictions for both their absolute value and renormalisation
scale dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7495 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic Phase Transition in Barabasi-Albert Networks


  Ising spins put onto a Barabasi-Albert scale-free network show an effective
phase transition from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism upon heating, with an
effective critical temperature increasing as the logarithm of the system size.
Starting with all spins up and upon equilibration pinning the few
most-connected spins down nucleates the phase with most of the spins down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125976 </DOCNO>
A multiscale regularized restoration algorithm for XMM-Newton data


  We introduce a new multiscale restoration algorithm for images with few
photons counts and its use for denoising XMM data. We use a thresholding of the
wavelet space so as to remove the noise contribution at each scale while
preserving the multiscale information of the signal. Contrary to other
algorithms the signal restoration process is the same whatever the signal to
noise ratio is. Thresholds according to a Poisson noise process are indeed
computed analytically at each scale thanks to the use of the unnormalized Haar
wavelet transform. Promising preliminary results are obtained on X-ray data for
Abell 2163 with the computation of a temperature map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40932 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein correlations in WW events at LEP


  The current status of the LEP results on Bose-Einstein correlations is
discussed. Emphasis is given to the measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations
between decay products from different W's, in an energy range between 172 and
209 GeV, dependent on the experiment. For the first time all four LEP
experiments conclude that no evidence for correlations between pions from
different W's is seen at the current level of precision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86581 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Static Thin Disks: The Counter-Rotating Model


  A detailed study of the Counter-Rotating Model (CRM) for generic finite
static axially symmetric thin disks with nonzero radial pressure is presented.
We find a general constraint over the counter-rotating tangential velocities
needed to cast the surface energy-momentum tensor of the disk as the
superposition of two counter-rotating perfect fluids. We also found expressions
for the energy density and pressure of the counter-rotating fluids. Then we
shown that, in general, there is not possible to take the two counter-rotating
fluids as circulating along geodesics neither take the two counter-rotating
tangential velocities as equal and opposite. An specific example is studied
where we obtain some CRM with well defined counter-rotating tangential
velocities and stable against radial perturbations. The CRM obtained are in
agree with the strong energy condition, but there are regions of the disks with
negative energy density, in violation of the weak energy condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124212 </DOCNO>
The radio source counts at 15 GHz and their implications for cm-wave CMB


  We present the preliminary results of a new survey of radio sources using the
Ryle telescope at 15.2 GHz. This is the highest frequency at which a survey has
been done that is relevant to the issue of radio source contamination in CMB
experiments. The differential source count of the 66 sources found in 63 sqdeg
is 80(S/Jy)^-2 /Jy/sr from about 20 to 500 mJy. Extrapolating this to 34 GHz
(where many cm-wave CMB experiments operate) gives an estimated temperature
contribution from sources of 9 microK in a CMB image, with a beam corresponding
to multipole l=500. A means of source subtraction is evidently necessary,
otherwise the signal-to-noise ratio in CMB images will be limited to 4 or 5,
becoming worse at higher resolution. We compare the population of sources
observed in this new survey to that predicted by extrapolation from lower
frequency surveys, finding that source fluxes, and indeed the existence of many
sources, cannot be determined by extrapolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125622 </DOCNO>
Non-Isotropic Angular Distribution for Very Short-Time Gamma-Ray Bursts


  While most gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are now believed to be from cosmological
distances, the origin of very short-time GRBs is still not known. In the past,
we have shown that GRBs with time duration (T90) less than 100 ms may form a
separate class of GRBs based on the hardness and time distribution of these
events. We have also shown that the ln N ln S distribution is consistent with
the expectation of quasi-Euclidean distribution of sources. In this paper, we
report the study of the angular location of these GRBs showing a strong
deviation from isotropy within the Galactic coordinates of plus 180 degrees <
longitude < 90 degrees and -30 degrees < latitude < 30 degrees. We have studied
the rest of the GRBs and do not find a similar deviation. This further
indicates that the very-short GRBs likely form a separate class of GRBs, most
probably from sources of Galactic or near solar origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174622 </DOCNO>
Search for Critical Phenomena in Pb+Pb Collisions


  NA44 uses a 512 channel Si pad array covering $1.5 <\eta < 3.3$ to study
charged hadron production in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. We apply a
multiresolution analysis, based on a Discrete Wavelet Transformation, to probe
the texture of particle distributions event-by-event, by simultaneous
localization of features in space and scale. Scanning a broad range of
multiplicities, we look for a possible critical behaviour in the power spectra
of local density fluctuations. The data are compared with detailed simulations
of detector response, using heavy ion event generators, and with a reference
sample created via event mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83755 </DOCNO>
Vertex-Unfoldings of Simplicial Polyhedra


  We present two algorithms for unfolding the surface of any polyhedron, all of
whose faces are triangles, to a nonoverlapping, connected planar layout. The
surface is cut only along polyhedron edges. The layout is connected, but it may
have a disconnected interior: the triangles are connected at vertices, but not
necessarily joined along edges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4281 </DOCNO>
Elastic constants from direct correlation functions in nematic liquid


  Density functional theories such as the Poniewierski-Stecki theory relate the
elastic properties of nematic liquid crystals with their local liquid
structure, i.e., with the direct correlation function (DCF) of the particles.
We propose a way to determine the DCF in the nematic state from simulations
without any approximations, taking into account the dependence of pair
correlations on the orientation of the director explicitly. Using this scheme,
we evaluate the Frank elastic constants K1, K2 and K3 in a system of soft
ellipsoids. The values are in good agreement with those obtained directly from
an analysis of order fluctuations. Our method thus establishes a reliable way
to calculate elastic constants from pair distributions in computer simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72985 </DOCNO>
Understanding CP violation in lattice QCD


  It is pointed out that any CP violation which may be found in lattice QCD
with a chiral phase in the fermion mass term cannot be relevant for the
continuum theory. CP is classically conserved in the corresponding continuum
theory and is non-anomalous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83846 </DOCNO>
Ideological and Policy Origins of the Internet, 1957-1969


  This paper examines the ideological and policy consensus that shaped
computing research funded by the Information Processing Techniques Office
(IPTO) within the Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency
(ARPA). This historical case study of the period between Sputnik and the
creation of the ARPANET shows how military, scientific, and academic values
shaped the institutions and relations of a foundational period in the creation
of the Internet.
  The paper probes three areas: the ideology of the science policy consensus,
the institutional philosophy of IPTO under J. C. R. Licklider, and the ways
that this consensus and philosophy shaped IPTO research in the period leading
to the creation of the ARPANET. By examining the intellectual, cultural, and
institutional details of the consensus that governed IPTO research between 1957
and 1969, we can understand the ways that these values defined the range of
possibilities for network computing.
  The influence of the social values expressed by these actors was decisive:
that government had an obligation to support a broad base of scientific
research to promote both the public good and the national defense; that
IPTO-sponsored computing research would accomplish both military and scientific
objectives; and that IPTO could leverage its power within this consensus to
create a network to share resources and unite researchers over geographical
distance. A greater awareness of the ways that "consensus" worked in this
period -- the "pre-history" of the Internet -- provides a richer context for
evaluating the unique features of the Internet, such as its open architecture,
collegial culture, and standards-based governance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95561 </DOCNO>
Scalar curvature, metric degenerations and the static vacuum Einstein


  This paper is a continuation of I, (same title), and is concerned with the
existence, regularity and degeneration of metrics minimizing natural curvature
functionals on the space of metrics on 3-manifolds. The functionals chosen are
designed to be optimal w.r.t. the issue of geometrization of the underlying
3-manifold, in the sense of Thurston. Two of the main results are Theorems B
and C, in comparison with Theorem A of I.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96055 </DOCNO>
Weak perturbations of shock waves


  The Cauchy problem is considered for the perturbed strictly hyperbolic 2x2
system of quasilinear equations. The unperturbed problem has a persistent
solution with two discontinuity lines (shock waves). Both an asymptotics of
shock waves position in the plane (x,t) and an asymptotics of the perturbed
problem solution are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114239 </DOCNO>
DIAMOND Control System Outline Design


  DIAMOND is a new synchrotron light source currently being designed in the UK.
The control system for DIAMOND will be a site wide monitoring and control
system for the accelerators, beamlines and conventional facilities. Initial
work on the control system has selected EPICS as the basis for the control
system design. The requirements of the control system are presented. The
technical solutions being considered to interface EPICS to the equipment being
controlled are discussed together with the requirements for configuration and
management of a large EPICS installation. Options being considered for the
procurement, installation and commissioning of the control system are also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74633 </DOCNO>
TESLA Technical Design Report Part III: Physics at an e+e- Linear


  The TESLA Technical Design Report Part III: Physics at an e+e- Linear
Collider

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73612 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Reaction Dynamics at SPS and RHIC


  The current status of transport theoretical models applicable to the physics
of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider is reviewed. The time evolution of
microscopic reaction dynamics - from early, hard, partonic rescattering up to
soft hadronic interactions close to freeze-out is analyzed and key observables
linked to the different reaction stages are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 487 </DOCNO>
Spiral orientational order in quantum Hall skyrmion lattices


  We investigate the existence of spiral ordering in the planar spin
orientation of skyrmions localised on a face centered rectangular lattice
(FCRL). We use the non-linear sigma model (NLSM) to numerically calculate the
minimum energy configurations of this lattice around the $\nu=1$ quantum Hall
ground state. Our variational ansatz contains an angle $\theta$, characterising
the FCRL and an angle $q$, characterising the orientational order. As $\nu$ is
increased towards one, there is a smooth transition from the triangular lattice
(TL) characterised by $(\theta,q) = (120^o,120^o)$ to FCRLs with spiral
orientational order. The novel feature we find is that these phases are
characterised by $\theta, q)$ values such that $\theta+q = 240^o$ (same as the
TL phase). As $\nu$ incresaes further towards one, there is a sharp transition
from the FCRLs to the square lattice (SL), characterised by
$(\theta,q)=(90^o,180^o)$. Consequently, the parameter $\theta+q$ jumps sharply
at the FCRL-SL transition and can serve as an order parameter to characterise
it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96834 </DOCNO>
Equivariant spectral flow and a Lefschetz theorem on odd dimensional


  A notion of equivariant spectral flows for families of self-dual elliptic
operators on Riemannian manifolds is purposed. As a consequence, a local
version of a Lefschetz fix point theorem is proved for Toeplitz operators on
odd-dimensional spin manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3487 </DOCNO>
Classical Limit of Time-Dependent Quantum Field Theory-a Schwinger-Dyson


  We rewrite the Martin-Siggia-Rose (MSR) formalism for the statistical
dynamics of classical fields in a covariant second order form appropriate for
the statistical dynamics of relativistic field theory. This second order
formalism is related to a rotation of Schwinger's closed time path (CTP)
formalism for quantum dynamics, with the main difference being that certain
vertices are absent in the classical theory. These vertices are higher order in
an $\hbar$ expansion. The structure of the second order formulation of the
Schwinger Dyson (S-D) equations is identical to that of the rotated CTP
formalism apart from initial conditions on the Green's functions and the
absence of these vertices. We then discuss self-consistent truncation schemes
based on keeping certain graphs in the two-particle irreducible effective
action made up of bare vertices and exact Green's functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174660 </DOCNO>
Model-independent source imaging using two-pion correlations in 2 to 8A


  We report a particle source imaging analysis based on two-pion correlations
in high multiplicity Au + Au collisions at beam energies between 2 and 8A GeV.
We apply the imaging technique introduced by Brown and Danielewicz, which
allows a model-independent extraction of source functions with useful accuracy
out to relative pion separations of about 20 fm. The extracted source functions
have Gaussian shapes. Values of source functions at zero separation are almost
constant across the energy range under study. Imaging results are found to be
consistent with conventional source parameters obtained from a multidimensional
HBT analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75021 </DOCNO>
Large order behavior in perturbation theory of the pole mass and the


  We discuss upon recent progress in our knowledge of the large order behavior
in perturbation theory of the pole mass and the singlet static potential. We
also discuss about the renormalon subtracted scheme, a matching scheme between
QCD and any effective field theory with heavy quarks where, besides the usual
perturbative matching, the first renormalon in the Borel plane of the pole mass
is subtracted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6364 </DOCNO>
Systematic X-ray absorption study of hole doping in BSCCO - phases


  X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) on the O 1s threshold was applied to
Bi-based, single crystalline high temperature superconductors (HTc's), whose
hole densities in the CuO2 planes was varied by different methods. XAS gives
the intensity of the so-called pre-peak of the O 1s line due to the unoccupied
part of the Zhang-Rice (ZR) singlet state. The effects of variation of the
number n of CuO2 - planes per unit cell (n = 1,2,3) and the effect of
La-substitution for Sr for the n = 1 and n = 2 phase were studied
systematically. Furthermore the symmetry of the states could be probed by the
polarization of the impinging radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72565 </DOCNO>
Lepton Asymmetries in Heavy Baryon Decays of $\Lambda_b\to\Lambda


  We study the dilepton forward-backward and the longitudinal, normal and
transverse lepton polarization asymmetries in the heavy baryon decays of
$\Lambda_b\to\Lambda l^+l^-$. We show that the asymmetries have a less
dependence on the non-perturbative QCD effects. In the standard model, we find
that the integrated forward-backward asymmetries (FBAs) and three components of
the polarizations in the QCD sum rule approach (pole model) are $-0.13\
(-0.12)$ and $(58.3,-9.4,-0.07)%$ ($(58.3,-12.6,-0.07)%$) for
$\Lambda_b\to\Lambda\mu^+\mu^-$ and $-0.04 (-0.03)$ and $(10.9,-10.0,-0.39)%$
($(10.9,-0.2,-0.34)%$) for $\Lambda_b\to\Lambda\tau^+\tau^-$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86213 </DOCNO>
Macrolensing signatures of large-scale violations of the weak energy


  We present a set of simulations of the macrolensing effects produced by
large-scale cosmological violations of the energy conditions. These simulations
show how the appearance of a background field of galaxies is affected when
lensed by a region with an energy density equivalent to a negative mass ranging
from $10^{12}$ to $10^{17}$ solar masses. We compare with the macrolensing
results of equal amounts of positive mass, and show that, contrary to the usual
case where tangential arc-like structures are expected, there appear radial
arcs-runaway filaments-and a central void. These results make the cosmological
macrolensing produced by space-time domains where the weak energy conditions is
violated, observationally distinguishable from standard regions. Whether large
domains with negative energy density indeed exist in the universe can now be
decided by future observations of deep fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73353 </DOCNO>
Phase Structure of a Compact U(1) Gauge Theory from the Viewpoint of a


  We discuss the phase structure of the four-dimensional compact U(1) gauge
theory at finite temperature using a deformation of the topological model. Its
phase structure can be determined by the behavior of the Coulomb gas (CG)
system on the cylinder. We utilize the relation between the CG system and the
sine-Gordon (SG) model, and investigate the phase structure of the gauge theory
in terms of the SG model. Especially, the critical-line equation of the gauge
theory in the strong-coupling and high-temperature region is obtained by
calculating the one-loop effective potential of the SG model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149093 </DOCNO>
Pair production problem and canonical quantization of nonlinear scalar


  A new quantization scheme (WL-scheme), using world lines as objects of
quantization, is proposed. Applying to nonlinear scalar field, the WL -scheme
is investigated and compared with the conventional PA-scheme of quantization.
In the PA-scheme objects of quantization are particles and antiparticles, which
are fragments of the total physical object -- world line (WL). Applying to the
nonlinear field, the PA-scheme of quantization leads to such difficulties as
nonstationary vacuum, obligatory use of perturbation theory technique, normal
ordering and cut-off in the scattering problem. These difficulties are
corollaries of inconsistency of PA-scheme. The WL-scheme is free of these
difficulties. These difficulties are connected with the reconstruction problem
of the total world lines from their fragments (particles and antiparticles). In
the case, when these fragments interact between themselves, such a
reconstruction is very complicated problem. The new WL-scheme of quantization
is free of all these problems, because it does not cut the total world line
into fragments (particles and antiparticles). Formally appearance of fragments
in the conventional quantization PA-scheme is a corollary of identification of
the energy with the Hamiltonian. In fact such an identification is not
necessary. It leads only to difficulties. The new WL-scheme of quantization
does not use this identification and enables to go around all these problems.
The WL-scheme enables not to use additional (to nonrelativistic QM)
quantization rules, used in the relativistic QFT (normal ordering, perturbation
technique, renormalization).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95392 </DOCNO>
Mathematical Foundations of Holonomic Quantum Computer II


  This is a sequel to the papers (quant-ph/9910063) and (quant-ph/0004102). The
aim of this paper is to give mathematical foundations to Holonomic Quantum
Computation (Computer) proposed by Zanardi and Rasetti (quant-ph/9904011) and
Pachos and Chountasis (quant-ph/9912093). In 2-qubit case we give an explicit
form to non-abelian Berry connection of quantum computational bundle which is
associated with Holonomic Quantum Computation, on some parameter space. We also
suggest a possibility that not only usual holonomy but also higher-dimensional
holonomies must be used to prove a universality of our Holonomic Quantum
Computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114331 </DOCNO>
Upgrade of the Photon Beamline Control System on the SRS


  The SRS is a 2GeV synchrotron light source with 14 beamlines serving
approximately 34 experimental stations. Control of the major elements of the
beamlines (vacuum pumps, gauges, valves and radiation stops) is the
responsibility of the main SRS Control System. As part of the long-term upgrade
plan for the SRS Control System a large programme of work has been undertaken
to modernize beamline control. This work included: development of Linux based
PC front end computers to interface to the existing CAMAC I/O system,
replacement of the user interface by graphical synoptic diagrams running on
Windows NT PCs, development of an ActiveX control for parameter display/control
and a cache server to reduce loading on the rest of the control system. This
paper describes the major components of the project; the techniques used to
manage the new PCs and discusses some of the problems encountered during
development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124803 </DOCNO>
A Catalog of OB Associations in the spiral galaxy NGC 300


  We present results of a search for OB associations in NGC 300. Using an
automatic and objective method (PLC technique) 117 objects were found.
Statistical tests indicate that our sample is contaminated by less than 10 % of
spurious detections due to random concentrations of blue stars. Spatial
distributions of detected associations and H II regions are strongly
correlated. The size distribution reveals a significant peak at about 60
$\mu$rad which corresponds to 125 parsecs if a distance modulus of 26.66 mag is
assumed. Besides the objects with sizes corresponding to typical associations
we also found several much larger objects. A second level application of our
detection method revealed that most of these are composed of smaller subgroups,
with sizes of about 100 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7347 </DOCNO>
Vortices in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates


  The structure and stability of vortices in hybrid atomic-molecular
Bose-Einstein condensates is analyzed in the framework of a two-component
Gross-Pitaevskii-type model that describes the stimulated Raman-induced
photoassociation process. New types of topological vortex states are predicted
to exist in the coherently coupled two-component condensates even without a
trap, and their nontrivial dynamics in the presence of losses is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150169 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of the 2N-Piece Relativistic String


  The thermodynamic free energy F(\beta) is calculated for a gas consisting of
the transverse oscillations of a piecewise uniform bosonic string. The string
consists of 2N parts of equal length, of alternating type I and type II
material, and is relativistic in the sense that the velocity of sound
everywhere equals the velocity of light. The present paper is a continuation of
two earlier papers, one dealing with the Casimir energy of a 2N--piece string
[I. Brevik and R. Sollie (1997)], and another dealing with the thermodynamic
properties of a string divided into two (unequal) parts [I. Brevik, A. A.
Bytsenko and H. B. Nielsen (1998)]. Making use of the Meinardus theorem we
calculate the asymptotics of the level state density, and show that the
critical temperatures in the individual parts are equal, for arbitrary
spacetime dimension D. If D=26, we find \beta= (2/N)\sqrt{2\pi /T_{II}}, T_{II}
being the tension in part II. Thermodynamic interactions of parts related to
high genus g is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126209 </DOCNO>
M31 globular cluster metallicities and ages


  Globular cluster ages are more than just lower limits to the age of the
universe; the distribution of ages constraints the timescales for galaxy
formation and chemical evolution. Globular cluster populations with different
metallicities have now been detected in many galaxies, and understanding how
these populations formed requires knowing their relative ages. We examined the
relative ages of the two M31 globular cluster populations using their color and
luminosity distributions and found that the metal-rich clusters could be up to
50% younger than the metal-poor clusters. While a small delay in the formation
of metal-rich clusters might be imposed by chemical enrichment timescales, a
large age gap demands a more detailed explanation. I outline several
possibilities and their promises and problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76306 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic properties of high-pT particle production in hadron-hadron,


  The concept of z-scaling reflecting the general features of particle
substructure, constituent interaction and mechanism of particle formation is
reviewed. Experimental data on the cross sections obtained at ISR, SpS and
Tevatron are used in the analysis. The properties of data z-presentation, the
energy and angular independencies, the power law, A- and F-dependencies, are
discussed. The use of z-scaling to search for new physics phenomena in
hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions is suggested. The
violation of z-scaling characterized by the change of the fractal dimension is
considered as a new and complimentary signature of nuclear phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97829 </DOCNO>
Forcing with ideals of closed sets


  Let I be a sigma-ideal sigma-generated by a projective collection of closed
sets. The forcing with I-positive Borel sets is proper and adds a single real r
of an almost minimal degree: if s is a real in V[r] then s is Cohen generic
over V or V[s]=V[r].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168004 </DOCNO>
Quantum cloning machines for equatorial qubits


  Quantum cloning machines for equatorial qubits are studied. For the case of 1
to 2 phase-covariant quantum cloning machine, we present the networks
consisting of quantum gates to realize the quantum cloning transformations. The
copied equatorial qubits are shown to be separable by using Peres-Horodecki
criterion. The optimal 1 to M phase-covariant quantum cloning transformations
are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126402 </DOCNO>
On the Normalization of the QSO's Lyman alpha Forest Power Spectrum


  The calculation of the transmission power spectrum of QSO's Lyman alpha
absorption requires two parameters for the normalization: the continuum Fc and
mean transmission, i.e. average of e^{-tau}. Traditionally, the continuum is
obtained by a polynomial fitting truncating it at a lower order, and the mean
transmission is calculated over the entire wavelength range considered. The
flux F is then normalized by the average of Fc e^{-tau}. However, the
fluctuations in the transmitted flux are significantly correlated with the
local background flux on scales for which the field is intermittent. In this
paper, we develop a self-normalization algorithm of the transmission power
spectrum based on a multiresolution analysis. This self-normalized power
spectrum estimator needs neither a continuum fitting, nor pre-determining the
mean transmission. With simulated samples, we show that the self-normalization
algorithm can perfectly recover the transmission power spectrum from the flux
regardless of how the continuum varies with wavelength. We also show that the
self-normalized power spectrum is also properly normalized by the mean
transmission. Moreover, this power spectrum estimator is sensitive to the
non-linear behavior of the field. That is, the self-normalized power spectrum
estimator can distinguish between fields with or without the
fluctuation-background correlation. This cannot be accomplished by the power
spectrum with the normalization by an overall mean transmission. Therefore, the
self-normalized power spectrum would be useful for the discrimination among
models without the uncertainties caused by free (or fitting) parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84060 </DOCNO>
Representation of Uncertainty for Limit Processes


  Many mathematical models utilize limit processes. Continuous functions and
the calculus, differential equations and topology, all are based on limits and
continuity. However, when we perform measurements and computations, we can
achieve only approximate results. In some cases, this discrepancy between
theoretical schemes and practical actions changes drastically outcomes of a
research and decision-making resulting in uncertainty of knowledge. In the
paper, a mathematical approach to such kind of uncertainty, which emerges in
computation and measurement, is suggested on the base of the concept of a fuzzy
limit. A mathematical technique is developed for differential models with
uncertainty. To take into account the intrinsic uncertainty of a model, it is
suggested to use fuzzy derivatives instead of conventional derivatives of
functions in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148499 </DOCNO>
Mass generation for non-Abelian antisymmetric tensor fields in a


  Starting from a recently proposed Abelian topological model in (2+1)
dimensions, which involve the Kalb-Ramond two form field, we study a
non-Abelian generalization of the model. An obstruction for generalization is
detected. However we show that the goal is achieved if we introduce a vectorial
auxiliary field. Consequently, a model is proposed, exhibiting a non-Abelian
topological mass generation mechanism in D=3, that provides mass for the
Kalb-Ramond field. The covariant quantization of this model requires ghosts for
ghosts. Therefore in order to quantize the theory we construct a complete set
of BRST and anti-BRST equations using the horizontality condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72958 </DOCNO>
Non-Gaussian Correlations in the McLerran-Venugopalan Model


  We argue that the statistical weight function W[rho] appearing in the
McLerran-Venugopalan model of a large nucleus is intrinsically non-Gaussian,
even if we neglect quantum corrections. Based on the picture where the nucleus
of radius R consists of a collection of color-neutral nucleons, each of radius
a<<R, we show that to leading order in alpha_s and a/R only the Gaussian part
of W[rho] enters into the final expression for the gluon number density. Thus,
the existing results in the literature which assume a Gaussian weight remain
valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76369 </DOCNO>
Strangeness enhancement and Energy dependence in Heavy Ion Collisions


  The canonical statistical model analysis of strange and multistrange hadron
production in central A-A relative to p-p/p-A collisions is presented over the
energy range from $\sqrt s=8.73$ GeV up to $\sqrt s =130$ GeV. It is shown that
the relative enhancement of strange particle yields from p-p/p-A to A-A
collisions substantially increases with decreasing collision energy. It is
largest at $\sqrt s= 8.7$ GeV, where the enhancement of $\Omega,\Xi$ and
$\Lambda$ is of the order of 100, 20 and 3, respectively. In terms of the model
these results are due to the canonical suppression of particle thermal phase
space at lower energies, which increases with the strangeness content of the
particle and with decreasing size of the collision fireball. The comparison of
the model with existing data on energy dependence of the kaon/pion ratio is
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114519 </DOCNO>
Novel structures of Co-Cu bimetallic clusters and their magnetic


  The structural and magnetic properties of Co$_{18-m}$Cu$_m$ ($0\leq m\leq
18$) clusters are investigated with a genetic algorithm and a $spd$-band model
Hamiltonian in the unrestricted Hartree-Hock approximation respectively. In
general, Cu atoms tend to occupy the surface, while Co atoms prefer to the
interior of the clusters. Layered structures appear in some clusters with given
stoichiometric compositions. The introduction of Cu atoms leads to large
increase of the magnetic moment of Co-rich circumstance and nearly zero
magnetism of the Cu-rich ambient. The interaction between Cu and Co atoms
induces nonzero magnetic moment for Cu atoms. The total magnetic moments tend
to decrease with the increase of Cu atoms. However, some particular large
magnetic moment are found to be closely related to the structures. The
environment of Cu and Co atoms have a dominant effect on the magnetism of the
cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2581 </DOCNO>
Self-trapping transition for nonlinear impurities embedded in a Cayley


  The self-trapping transition due to a single and a dimer nonlinear impurity
embedded in a Cayley tree is studied. In particular, the effect of a perfectly
nonlinear Cayley tree is considered. A sharp self-trapping transition is
observed in each case. It is also observed that the transition is much sharper
compared to the case of one-dimensional lattices. For each system, the critical
values of $\chi$ for the self-trapping transitions are found to obey a
power-law behavior as a function of the connectivity $K$ of the Cayley tree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72730 </DOCNO>
The radion in brane cosmology


  We consider the homogeneous cosmological radion, which we define as the
interbrane distance in a two brane and $Z_2$ symmetrical configuration. In a
coordinate system where one of the brane is at rest, the junction conditions
for the second (moving) brane give directly the (non-linear) equations of
motion for the radion. We analyse the radion fluctuations and solve the
non-linear dynamics in some simple cases of interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83851 </DOCNO>
Geography and the Internet: Is the Internet a Substitute or a Complement


  By combining persons around the world into a single market, the Internet may
serve as a substitute for urban agglomeration. That is, the Internet may level
the consumption playing field between large, variety-laden and small,
variety-starved markets. However, if local content on the Internet is more
prevalent in larger markets, then the Internet may be a complement for urban
agglomeration. Characterizing the nature of available content using Media
Metrix web page visits by about 13,500 households, we document that
substantially more online local content is available in larger markets.
Combining this with CPS Internet use data, we find statistically significant
direct evidence of both complementarity and substitutability: Individuals are
more likely to connect in markets with more local online content; and holding
local online content constant, are less likely to connect in larger markets. We
also find that individuals connect to overcome local isolation: Blacks are more
likely to connect, relative to whites, when they comprise a smaller fraction of
local population, making the Internet is a substitute for agglomeration of
preference minorities within cities, if not cities themselves. On balance we
find that the substitution and complementarity effects offset each other so
that the Internet does not promote or discourage agglomeration in larger
markets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83855 </DOCNO>
On the Use of Vickrey Auctions for Spectrum Allocation in Developing


  In this paper, we assess the applicability of auctions based on the Vickrey
second price model for allocating wireless spectrum in developing countries. We
first provide an overview of auction models for allocating resources. We then
examine the experience of auctioning spectrum in different countries. Based on
this examination, we posit some axioms that seem to have to be satisfied when
allocating spectrum in most developing countries. In light of these axioms, we
provide a critical evaluation of using Vickrey second- price auctions to
allocate spectrum in developing countries. We suggest the use of a new auction
mechanism, the Vickrey "share auction" which will satisfy many of these axioms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4707 </DOCNO>
Low-temperature electronic heat transport in La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4}


  The thermal conductivity \kappa is measured in a series of
La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} (x = 0 - 0.22) single crystals down to 90 mK to elucidate
the evolution of the residual electronic thermal conductivity \kappa_{res},
which probes the extended quasiparticle states in the d-wave gap. We found that
\kappa_{res}/T grows smoothly, except for a 1/8 anomaly, above x = 0.05 and
shows no discontinuity at optimum doping, indicating that the behavior of
\kappa_{res}/T is not governed by the metal-insulator crossover in the normal
state; as a result, \kappa_{res}/T is much larger than what the normal-state
resistivity would suggest in the underdoped region, which highlights the
peculiarities in the low-energy physics in the cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126326 </DOCNO>
Fast, exact CMB power spectrum estimation for a certain class of


  We describe a class of observational strategies for probing the anisotropies
in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) where the instrument scans on rings
which can be combined into an n-torus, the {\em ring torus}. This class has the
remarkable property that it allows exact maximum likelihood power spectrum
estimation in of order $N^2$ operations (if the size of the data set is $N$)
under circumstances which would previously have made this analysis intractable:
correlated receiver noise, arbitrary asymmetric beam shapes and far side lobes,
non-uniform distribution of integration time on the sky and partial sky
coverage. This ease of computation gives us an important theoretical tool for
understanding the impact of instrumental effects on CMB observables and hence
for the design and analysis of the CMB observations of the future. There are
members of this class which closely approximate the MAP and Planck satellite
missions. We present a numerical example where we apply our ring torus methods
to a simulated data set from a CMB mission covering a 20 degree patch on the
sky to compute the maximum likelihood estimate of the power spectrum $C_\ell$
with unprecedented efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96864 </DOCNO>
Determinant Expressions for Abelian Functions in Genus Two


  In this paper we generalize the formula of Frobenius-Stickelberger and the
formula of Kiepert to genus-two case. The latter is well-known determinant
expression for any division polynomial of elliptic curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7410 </DOCNO>
Exact Time Autocorrelation Function of the N-Spin Classical Heisenberg


  We reduce the autocorrelation function $C_{11}(t)$ of the equivalent neighbor
model of $N$ classical spins exhibiting Heisenberg dynamics and exchange
coupling $J$ to quadrature. As the temperature $T\to\infty$, $C_{11}(t)\propto
t^{-N}$ for $Jt>>1$. At low $T$, the antiferromagnetic $C_{11}(t)$ is a simple
function of $(JT)^{1/2}t$, exhibiting strong frustration, but the ferromagnetic
$C_{11}(t)$ oscillates in a single mode the frequency of which approaches $NJ$
as $T\to0$. We conjecture that as $T\to\infty$, the near-neighbor correlation
functions of $N$-spin classical Heisenberg rings are simply obtained from these
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167965 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic superpositions of vibronic collective states of N trapped


  We propose a scalable procedure to generate entangled superpositions of
motional coherent states and electronic states in N trapped ions. Beyond their
fundamental importance, these states may be of interest for quantum information
processing and may be used in experimental studies of decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148252 </DOCNO>
A condition on the chiral symmetry breaking solution of the


  In three-dimensional QED, which is analyzed in the 1/$N$ expansion, we obtain
a sufficient and necessary condition for a nontrivial solution of the
Dyson-Schwinger equation to be chiral symmetry breaking solution. In the
derivation, a normalization condition of the Goldstone bound state is used. It
is showed that the existent analytical solutions satisfy this condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148749 </DOCNO>
Space of State Vectors in PT Symmetrical Quantum Mechanics


  Space of states of PT symmetrical quantum mechanics is examined. Requirement
that eigenstates with different eigenvalues must be orthogonal leads to the
conclusion that eigenfunctions belong to the space with an indefinite metric.
The self consistent expressions for the probability amplitude and average value
of operator are suggested. Further specification of space of state vectors
yield the superselection rule, redefining notion of the superposition
principle. The expression for the probability current density, satisfying
equation of continuity and vanishing for the bound state, is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76543 </DOCNO>
Strangeness Production as a Diagnostic Tool for Understanding Heavy Ion


  Strangeness production has long been proposed as a diagnostic tool for
understanding the dynamics of relativistic heavy ion collisions. In this
presentation we review the traditional picture of strangeness enhancement as a
signature for quark-gluon plasma formation. We then review, in order, some
experimental data on strange particle production in $e^{+}e^{-}$, $pp$,
$p\bar{p}$, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. This is not a
comprehensive review, but rather an emphasis of a few significant points. Any
clear interpretation of strange particle yields measured in heavy ion reactions
is impossible without a physical understanding of the production mechanisms in
elementary particle collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5580 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical theory of superconductivity: interfering paths


  We apply the method of two-point quasiclassical Green's function to
geometries where the trajectories include interfering paths and loops. For a
system of two superconducting layers separated by partially transparent
interface, corrections to the quasiclassical solutions for the Green's function
are explicitly found as well as the deviation from the normalization condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149016 </DOCNO>
Induced brane gravity: realizations and limitations


  The induced 4d gravity on a brane world is analyzed. The case of a thick
brane is considered and the unexpected appearance of a new threshold scale,
much larger than the thickness scale is found. In cases of phenomenological
interest, this new length scale turns out to be in the submillimeter range. The
effect of $R^2$ corrections, both in the bulk and on the brane, is also
studied. It is shown that they introduce new threshold scales and may induce
drastic modifications to the leading behavior. A concrete string/D-brane
realization of the induced gravity scenario is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99089 </DOCNO>
Puzzles and (equivariant) cohomology of Grassmannians


  We generalize our puzzle formula for ordinary Schubert calculus on
Grassmannians, to a formula for the T-equivariant Schubert calculus. The
structure constants to be calculated are polynomials in {y_{i+1} - y_i}; they
were shown (abstractly) to have positive coefficients in [Graham]
math.AG/9908172. Our formula is the first to be manifestly positive in this
sense. In particular this gives a new and self-contained proof of the ordinary
puzzle formula, by an induction backwards from the "most equivariant" case.
  The proof of the formula is mostly combinatorial, but requires no prior
combinatorics, and only a modicum of equivariant cohomology (which we include).
  This formula is closely related to the one in [Molev-Sagan] q-alg/9707028 for
multiplying factorial Schur functions in three sets of variables, although
their rule does not give a positive formula in the sense of [Graham]. We
include a cohomological interpretation of this problem, and a puzzle
formulation for it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1172 </DOCNO>
Dynamical mean-field theory of a double-exchange model with diagonal


  We present a simplified model for the colossal magnetoresistance in doped
manganites by exactly solving a double-exchange model (with Ising-like local
spins) and quenched binary disorder within dynamical mean field theory. We
examine the magnetic properties and the electrical and thermal transport. Our
solution illustrates three different physical regimes: (i) a weak-disorder
regime, where the system acts like a renormalized double-exchange system (which
is insufficient to describe the behavior in the manganites); (ii) a
strong-disorder regime, where the system is described by strong-coupling
physics about an insulating phase (which is the most favorable for large
magnetoresistance); and (iii) a transition region of moderate disorder, where
both double-exchange and strong-coupling effects are important. We use the
thermopower as a stringent test for the applicability of this model to the
manganites and find that the model is unable to properly account for the sign
change of the thermopower seen in experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127080 </DOCNO>
The central region of M31 observed with XMM-Newton. II. Variability of


  We present the results of a study of the variability of X-ray sources in the
central 30' of the nearby Andromeda Galaxy (M31) based on XMM Performance
Verification observations. Two observations of this field, with a total
exposure time of about 50 ks, were performed in June and December of 2000. We
found 116 sources brighter than a limiting luminosity of 6 x 10(35) erg/s
(0.3--12 keV, d=760 kpc). For the ~60 brightest sources, we searched for
periodic and non-periodic variability; at least 15% of these sources appear to
be variable on a time scale of several months. We discovered a new bright
transient source ~2.9' from the nucleus in the June observation; this source
faded significantly and was no longer detected in December. The behaviour of
the object is similar to a handful of Galactic LMXB transients, most of which
are supposed to harbor black holes. We detected pulsations with a period of
\~865 s from a source with a supersoft spectrum. The flux of this source
decreased significantly between the two XMM observations. The detected period
is unusually short and points to a rapidly spinning magnetized white dwarf. The
high luminosity and transient nature of the source suggest its possible
identification with classical or symbiotic nova, some of which were observed
earlier as supersoft sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168391 </DOCNO>
Unknown Quantum States: The Quantum de Finetti Representation


  We present an elementary proof of the quantum de Finetti representation
theorem, a quantum analogue of de Finetti's classical theorem on exchangeable
probability assignments. This contrasts with the original proof of Hudson and
Moody [Z. Wahrschein. verw. Geb. 33, 343 (1976)], which relies on advanced
mathematics and does not share the same potential for generalization. The
classical de Finetti theorem provides an operational definition of the concept
of an unknown probability in Bayesian probability theory, where probabilities
are taken to be degrees of belief instead of objective states of nature. The
quantum de Finetti theorem, in a closely analogous fashion, deals with
exchangeable density-operator assignments and provides an operational
definition of the concept of an ``unknown quantum state'' in quantum-state
tomography. This result is especially important for information-based
interpretations of quantum mechanics, where quantum states, like probabilities,
are taken to be states of knowledge rather than states of nature. We further
demonstrate that the theorem fails for real Hilbert spaces and discuss the
significance of this point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96564 </DOCNO>
Classification on the average of random walks


  We introduce a new method for studying large scale properties of random
walks. The new concepts of transience and recurrence on the average are
compared with the ones introduced by R.Burioni, D.Cassi and A.Vezzani and with
the usual ones; their relationships are analyzed and various examples are
provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5893 </DOCNO>
The spectral gap for the ferromagnetic spin-J XXZ chain


  We investigate the spectrum above the kink ground states of the spin J
ferromagnetic XXZ chain. Our main theorem is that there is a non-vanishing gap
above all ground states of this model for all values of J. Using a variety of
methods, we obtain additional information about the magnitude of this gap,
about its behavior for large \Delta, about its overall behavior as a function
of \Delta and its dependence on the ground state, about the scaling of the gap
and the structure of the low-lying spectrum for large J, and about the
existence of isolated eigenvalues in the excitation spectrum. By combining
information obtained by perturbation theory, numerical, and asymptotic analysis
we arrive at a number of interesting conjectures. The proof of the main
theorem, as well as some of the numerical results, rely on a comparison result
with a Solid-on-Solid (SOS) approximation. This SOS model itself raises
interesting questions in combinatorics, and we believe it will prove useful in
the study of interfaces in the XXZ model in higher dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97149 </DOCNO>
On analytic interpolation manifolds in boundaries of weakly pseudoconvex


  Let $\Omega$ be a bounded, weakly pseudoconvex domain in C^n, n > 1, with
real-analytic boundary. A real-analytic submanifold $M \subset bd\Omega$ is
called an analytic interpolation manifold if every real-analytic function on M
extends to a function belonging to $\Cal{O}(\overline\Omega)$. We provide
sufficient conditions for M to be an analytic interpolation manifold. We give
examples showing that neither of these conditions can be relaxed, as well as
examples of analytic interpolation manifolds lying entirely within the set of
weakly pseudoconvex points of $bd\Omega$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3876 </DOCNO>
Rotational Brownian Motion of a Massive Binary


  The orientation of a massive binary undergoes a random walk due to
gravitational encounters with field stars. The rotational diffusion coefficient
for a circular-orbit binary is derived via scattering experiments. The binary
is shown to reorient itself by an angle of order (m/M)^1/2 during the time that
its semi-major axis shrinks appreciably, where M is the binary mass and m the
perturber mass. Implications for the orientations of rotating black holes are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127507 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray signatures of classical novae


  The role of classical novae as potential gamma-ray emitters is reviewed, on
the basis of theoretical models of the gamma-ray emission from different nova
types. The interpretation of the up to now negative results of the gamma-ray
observations of novae, as well as the prospects for detectability with future
instruments (specially onboard INTEGRAL) are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127256 </DOCNO>
Orientation and Speed of the Parsec-Scale Jet in NGC4261 (3C270)


  NGC4261 (3C270) is an elliptical galaxy containing a 300-parsec scale nuclear
disk of gas and dust imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), around a
central supermassive black hole. Previous VLBI observations of NGC4261 revealed
a gap in emission in the radio counterjet, presumably due to free-free
absorption in the inner parsec of the accretion disk. Here we present three 8
GHz VLBA observations of NGC4261 that allow us to monitor the location and
depth of the gap, and check for motions in the jet and counterjet. The
separation between the brightest peak and the gap is stable, with an upper
limit to its motion of 0.01 c, supporting the interpretation of the gap as
absorption by an accretion disk rather than an intrinsic jet feature. These
observations span a time of order that required for orbiting material in the
disk to transit the counterjet, so we are able to search for density changes
(clumps) in the disk by monitoring the optical depth of the gap. The optical
depth of the gap is stable to within 20% over 5 years at tau = 1.1 +/- 0.1,
corresponding to an electron density in the disk that is constant to within
10%. We measure an apparent speed in the jet of 0.52 +/- 0.07 c. An apparent
speed could not be measured for the counterjet due to a lack of identifiable
features. From the apparent jet speed and the jet to counterjet brightness
ratio, we calculate the viewing angle of the jet to be 63 +/- 3 degrees and its
intrinsic speed to be 0.46 +/- 0.02 c. From the inclination and position angles
of the parsec-scale radio jet and outer HST disk rotation axis we calculate a
difference between the parsec-scale radio jet and outer HST disk rotation axis
of 12 +/- 2 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3441 </DOCNO>
Diagrammatic Quantum Monte Carlo for Two-Body Problem: Exciton


  We present a novel method for precise numerical solution of the irreducible
two-body problem and apply it to excitons in solids. The approach is based on
the Monte Carlo simulation of the two-body Green function specified by
Feynman's diagrammatic expansion. Our method does not rely on the specific form
of the electron and hole dispersion laws and is valid for any attractive
electron-hole potential. We establish limits of validity of the Wannier (large
radius) and Frenkel (small radius) approximations, present accurate data for
the intermediate radius excitons, and give evidence for the charge transfer
nature of the monopolar exciton in mixed valence materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125387 </DOCNO>
Search for Spatial Variability in the Solar Acoustic Spectrum


  Motivated by the various examples of spatial variability in the power of the
acoustic spectrum, we attempted to look for spatial variability in the peak
frequency of the spectrum. However, the determination of this peak frequency on
a spatial scale of a single pixel (8 arc seconds for the GONG data) is limited
by the stochastic variations in the power spectrum presumably caused by the
stochastic nature of the excitation process. Averaging over a large number of
spectra (100 spectra from a 10 $\times$ 10 pixels area) produced stabler
spectra. The peak frequencies of 130 such locations were found to be
distributed with a FWHM of about 130 $\mu$Hz. A map of the spatial variation of
this peak frequency did not show any strong feature with statistically
significant deviation from the mean of the distribution. Likewise, the scatter
in the peak frequencies masked the detection of magnetic field induced changes
in the peak frequency. On a much larger scale, the N latitudes showed a
slightly lower value of the peak frequency as compared to the S latitudes,
although the difference (25 $\mu$Hz) is barely larger than the {\it rms} spread
(20 $\mu$Hz).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83993 </DOCNO>
The Control of a Beamline Over Intranet


  The machines and beamlines controlled by VME industrial networks are very
popular in accelerator faculties. Recently new software technology, among of
which are Internet/Intranet application, Java language, and distributed
calculating environment, changes the control manner rapidly. A program based on
DCOM is composed to control of a variable included angle spherical grating
monochromator beamline at National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) in
China. The control computer with a residential DCOM program is connected to
Intranet by LAN, over which the user-end-operating program located in another
computer sends driving beamline units' commands to the control computer. And
also a web page coded in Java, published by the WWW service running in the
control computer, is simply illustrated how to use web browser to query the
states of or to control the beamline units.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6648 </DOCNO>
Simplifying Kaufman's Solution of the Two-Dimensional Ising Model


  We considerably simplify Kaufman's solution of the two-dimensional Ising
model by introducing two commuting representations of the complex rotation
group SO(2n,C). All eigenvalues of the transfer matrix and therefore the
partition function are found in a straightforward way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126823 </DOCNO>
The 3D-structure of the LISM


  We review what is currently known about the structure of interstellar
material in the solar neighborhood, emphasizing how observations from the
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) have improved our understanding of how
interstellar gas is distributed near the Sun. The nearby ISM is not uniform but
shows variations in both temperature and metal abundances on distance scales of
just a few parsecs. The observations also show that nearby gas does not have a
single uniform velocity vector. Instead, different components are often seen in
different directions for even very short lines of sight. However,
interpretation of these components remains difficult. It is uncertain whether
the components represent physically distinct clouds or perhaps are just
symptomatic of velocity gradients within the cloud. Finally, since it is the
local interstellar medium's interaction with the solar wind that is the primary
application of ISM studies considered in these proceedings, we also review how
the same HST data used to study the local ISM structure has also been used to
study both the heliospheric interaction with the solar wind and also
"astrospheric" interactions with the winds of other stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96056 </DOCNO>
Modified Braid Equations for SO_q (3) and noncommutative spaces


  General solutions of the $\hat{R}TT$ equation with a maximal number of free
parameters in the specrtal decomposition of vector $SO_q (3)$ $\hat{R}$
matrices are implemented to construct modified braid equations (MBE). These
matrices conserve the given, standard, group relations of the nine elements of
T, but are not constrained to satisfy the standard braid equation (BE). Apart
from q and a normalisation factor our $\hat{R}$ contains two free parameters,
instead of only one such parameter for deformed unitary algebras studied in a
previous paper [1] where the nonzero right hand side of the $MBE$ had a linear
term proprotional to $(\hat{R}_{(12)} - \hat{R}_{(23)})$. In the present case
the r.h.s. is, in general, nonliear. Several particular solutions are given
(Sec.2) and the general structure is analysed (App.A). Our formulation of the
problem in terms of projectors yield also two new solutions of standard
(nonmodified) braid equation (Sec.2) which are further discussed (App.B). The
noncommutative 3-spaces obtained by implementing such generalized $\hat{R}$
matrices are studied (Sec.3). The role of coboundary $\hat{R}$ matrices (not
satisfying the standard BE) is explored. The MBE and Baxterization are
presented as complementary facets of the same basic construction, namely, the
general solution of $\hat{R}TT$ equation (Sec.4). A new solution is presented
in this context. As a simple but remarkable particular case a nontrivial
solution of BE is obtained (App.B) for q=1. This solution has no free parameter
and is not obtainable by twisting the identity matrix. In the concluding
remarks (Sec.5), among other points, generalisation of our results to
$SO_{q}(N)$ is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1394 </DOCNO>
Criticality in confined ionic fluids


  A theory of a confined two dimensional electrolyte is presented. The positive
and negative ions, interacting by a $1/r$ potential, are constrained to move on
an interface separating two solvents with dielectric constants $\epsilon_1$ and
$\epsilon_2$. It is shown that the Debye-H\"uckel type of theory predicts that
the this 2d Coulomb fluid should undergo a phase separation into a coexisting
liquid (high density) and gas (low density) phases. We argue, however, that the
formation of polymer-like chains of alternating positive and negative ions can
prevent this phase transition from taking place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149273 </DOCNO>
Symmetric Spaces with Conformal Symmetry


  We consider an involutive automorphism of the conformal algebra and the
resulting symmetric space. We display a new action of the conformal group which
gives rise to this space. The space has an intrinsic symplectic structure, a
group-invariant metric and connection, and serves as the model space for a new
conformal gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76173 </DOCNO>
Imprints of Short Distance Physics On Inflationary Cosmology


  We analyze the impact of certain modifications to short distance physics on
the inflationary perturbation spectrum. For the specific case of power-law
inflation, we find distinctive -- and possibly observable -- effects on the
spectrum of density perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2176 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties and c-axis superstructure of Mg1-xAlxB2


  The superconducting and structural properties of a series of Mg1-xAlxB2
samples have been investigated. X-ray diffraction results confirmed the
existence of a structural transition associated with the significant change in
inter-boron layer distance as reported previously by Slusky et al.
Moreover,transmission-electron-microscopy observations revealed the existence
of a superstructure with doubled lattice constant along the c-axis direction.
We propose that this superstructure is essentially related to the structural
transition. The modifications of superconducting transition temperature Tc, the
normal state resistivity, and the upper critical field Bc2 by Al doping are
discussed in terms of Al-substitution induced changes in the electronic
structure at the Fermi energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6818 </DOCNO>
Localized defects in a cellular automaton model for traffic flow with


  We study the impact of a localized defect in a cellular automaton model for
traffic flow which exhibits metastable states and phase separation. The defect
is implemented by locally limiting the maximal possible flow through an
increase of the deceleration probability. Depending on the magnitude of the
defect three phases can be identified in the system. One of these phases shows
the characteristics of stop-and-go traffic which can not be found in the model
without lattice defect. Thus our results provide evidence that even in a model
with strong phase separation stop-and-go traffic can occur if local defects
exist. From a physical point of view the model describes the competition
between two mechanisms of phase separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149842 </DOCNO>
String-String triality for d=4, Z_2 orbifolds


  We investigate the perturbative and non-perturbative correspondence of a
class of four dimensional dual string constructions with N=4 and N=2
supersymmetry, obtained as Z_2 or Z_2 x Z_2 orbifolds of the type II, heterotic
and type I string. In particular, we discuss the heterotic and type I dual of
all the symmetric Z_2 x Z_2 orbifolds of the type II string, classified in
hep-th/9901123. .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97241 </DOCNO>
Bosonic realization of algebras in the Calogero model


  We study an N-body Calogero model in the S_N-symmetric subspace of the
positive definite Fock space. We construct a new algebra of S_N-symmetric
operators represented on the symmetric Fock space, and find a natural
orthogonal basis by mapping the algebra onto the Heisenberg algebra. Our main
result is the bosonic realization of nonlinear symmetry algebra describing the
structure of degenerate levels of Calogero model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4739 </DOCNO>
EXAFS study of Tl$_{0.75}$Cu$_{.25}$Ba$_2$Ca$_3$Cu$_4$ O$_y$ and


  The results of EXAFS measurements at 300 K for the superconducting compounds
Tl$_{0.75}$Cu$_{0.25}$Ba$_{2}$Ca$_{3}$Cu$_4$O$_{y}$ [Tl-1234],
TlBa$_{2}$Ca$_{3}$Cu$_{4}$O$_{y}$ [Tl-1212], and
CuBa$_{2}$Ca$_{3}$Cu$_{4}$O$_{y}$ [Cu-1234]. are reported. We have measured the
EXAFS spectrum for Tl$_{0.75}$Cu$_{0.25}$Ba$_{2}$Ca$_{3}$Cu$_4$O$_{y}$ in the
range 10K-300K, however here we limit our discussion to the spectrum at 300 K.
This material is prepared under high pressure [3.5 GPa] from precursors with
small carbon concentrations and exhibits a T$_c$ of $~127$ K. We have also
performed ``aging'' study by looking at XRD for this material after
approximately one year. The XRD results at 300 K are ``unchanged''. It is of
interest to compare the EXAFS spectrum of this compound with the corresponding
compound Cu-1234. Remarks on the choice of appropriate EXAFS standard for this
and related compounds are also given. Based on our data analysis we quantify
disorder in these systems. By using the Cu-O in-plane distance we give values
for the microstrain parameter, which can be related to the charge ordering
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4958 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Method Applied to Kinetic Equations: roles of


  The so-called renormalization group (RG) method is applied to derive kinetic
and transport equations from the respective microscopic equations. The derived
equations include Boltzmann equation in classical mechanics, Fokker-Planck
equation, a rate equation in a quantum field theoretical model. Utilizing the
formulation of the RG method which elucidates the important role played by the
choice of the initial conditions, the general structure and the underlying
assumptions in the derivation of kinetic equations in the RG method is
clarified. It is shown that the present formulation naturally leads to the
choice for the initial value of the microscopic distribution function at
arbitrary time $t_0$ to be on the averaged distribution function to be
determined. The averaged distribution function may be thought as an integral
constant of the solution of microscopic evolution equation; the RG equation
gives the slow dynamics of the would-be initial constant, which is actually the
kinetic equation governing the averaged distribution function. It is further
shown that the averaging as given above gives rise to a coarse-graining of the
time-derivative which is expressed with the initial time $t_0$, thereby leads
to time-irreversible equations even from a time-reversible equation. It is
shown that a further reduction of Boltzmann equation to fluid dynamical
equations and the adiabatic elimination of fast variables in Fokker-Planck
equation are also performed in a unified way in the present method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114369 </DOCNO>
An EPICS to TINE Translator


  Accelerator control at DESY has in the past been hampered by the
'many-control-systems' syndrome, where different subsystems were controlled by
completely different means offering no possibility of intercommunication.
Today, practically all subsystems of HERA are controlled by TINE. Important
exceptions include the Proton Vacuum(DOOCS), cryogenics control(D3), and the
super-conducting electron RF cavities and the power and cooling subsystems, the
latter two of which are controlled by EPICS IOCs. A step toward integrating the
EPICS IOCs into the HERA mainstream has been taken in that an EPICS to TINE
translator process has been written, which runs directly on the EPICS IOC and
offers a TINE view of the hardware control to the rest of the control system.
This in effect renders the EPICS IOC into a bi-lingual server, and highlights
the principal difference between a 'translator' and a 'gateway'. Details of
this translator are presented in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123662 </DOCNO>
Coronagraphic Survey for Companions of Stars within 8 pc


  We present the technique and results of a survey of stars within 8 pc of the
Sun with declinations $\bf\delta > -35\arcdeg$ (J2000.00). The survey, designed
to find without color bias faint companions, consists of optical coronagraphic
images of the 1\arcmin field of view centered on each star and infrared direct
images with a 32\asc field of view. The images were obtained through the
optical Gunn $r$ and $z$ filters and the infrared J and K filters. The survey
achieves sensitivities up to four absolute magnitudes fainter than the
prototype brown dwarf, Gliese 229B. However, this sensitivity varies with the
seeing conditions, the intrinsic brightness of the star observed and the
angular distance from the star. As a result we tabulate sensitivity limits for
each star in the survey. We used the criterion of common proper motion to
distinguish companions and to determine their luminosities. In addition to the
brown dwarf Gliese 229B, we have identified 6 new stellar companions of the
sample stars. Since the survey began, accurate trigonometric parallax
measurements for most of the stars have become available. As a result some of
the stars we originally included should no longer be included in the 8 pc
sample. In addition, the 8 pc sample is incomplete at the faint end of the main
sequence complicating our calculation of the binary fraction of brown dwarfs.
We assess the sensitivity of the survey to stellar companions and to brown
dwarf companions of various masses and ages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6658 </DOCNO>
The Fokker-Planck equation for bistable potential in the optimized


  The optimized expansion is used to formulate a systematic approximation
scheme to the probability distribution of a stochastic system. The first order
approximation for the one-dimensional system driven by noise in an anharmonic
potential is shown to agree well with the exact solution of the Fokker-Planck
equation. Even for a bistable system the whole period of evolution to
equilibrium is correctly described at various noise intensities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149875 </DOCNO>
Physics with exotic probability theory


  Probability theory can be modified in essentially one way while maintaining
consistency with the basic Bayesian framework. This modification results in
copies of standard probability theory for real, complex or quaternion
probabilities. These copies, in turn, allow one to derive quantum theory while
restoring standard probability theory in the classical limit. The argument
leading to these three copies constrain physical theories in the same sense
that Cox's original arguments constrain alternatives to standard probability
theory. This sequence is presented in some detail with emphasis on questions
beyond basic quantum theory where new insights are needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124265 </DOCNO>
The effect of radiative cooling on scaling laws of X-ray groups and


  We have performed cosmological simulations in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology with
and without radiative cooling, in order to study the effect of cooling on the
cluster scaling relations. Our simulations consist of 4.1 million particles
each of gas and dark matter within a box-size of 100 $h^{-1}$ Mpc and the run
with cooling is the largest of its kind to have been evolved to $z=0$. Our
cluster catalogues both consist of over 400 objects and are complete in mass
down to $\sim 10^{13} h^{-1} {\rm M_{\odot}}$. We contrast the
emission-weighted temperature-mass ($T_{\rm ew}-M$) and bolometric
luminosity-temperature ($L_{\rm bol}-T_{\rm ew}$) relations for the simulations
at $z=0$. We find that radiative cooling \emph{increases} the temperature of
intracluster gas and \emph{decreases} its total luminosity, in agreement with
the results of Pearce et al. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of these
effects flattens the slope of the $T_{\rm ew}-M$ relation and steepens the
slope of the $L_{\rm bol}-T_{\rm ew}$ relation. Inclusion of radiative cooling
in the simulations is sufficient to reproduce the observed X-ray scaling
relations without requiring excessive non-gravitational energy injection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1981 </DOCNO>
The effect of surface roughness on the adhesion of elastic solids


  We study the influence of surface roughness on the adhesion of elastic
solids. Most real surfaces have roughness on many different length scales, and
this fact is taken into account in our analysis. We consider in detail the case
when the surface roughness can be described as a self affine fractal, and show
that when the fractal dimension D_f >2.5, the adhesion force may vanish, or be
at least strongly reduced. We consider the block-substrate pull-off force as a
function of roughness, and find a partial detachment transition preceding a
full detachment one. The theory is in good qualitative agreement with
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6234 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of adsorbed islands with nanoscale resolution


  Surface catalytic processes produce, under certain conditions, small clusters
of adsorbed atoms or groups, called {\em islands} which, after they have been
formed, move as individual entities. Here we consider the catalytic reduction
of NO with hydrogen on platinum. (i) Using video field ion microscopy, we
observe the dynamic motion of small hydroxyl islands on the Pt(001) plane;
despite changes in their morphology, the islands dimensions are confined to
values corresponding to 10 to 30 Pt atoms suggesting cooperative effects to be
in operation. (ii) We construct an automaton (or lattice Monte-Carlo) model on
the basis of a set of elementary processes governing the microscopic dynamics.
The agreement between the simulation results and the experimental observations
suggests a possible mechanism for the formation and dynamics of hydroxyl
islands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127003 </DOCNO>
Reconciling Damped Ly-alpha Statistics and 21cm Studies at z=0


  Blind 21cm surveys in the local universe have shown that the local HI mass
density, Omega_HI, is dominated by luminous, high surface brightness, spiral
galaxies. On the other hand, surveys for host galaxies of damped Ly-alpha
systems have not always been successful in finding bright spiral galaxies. From
an analysis of 21cm aperture synthesis maps of nearby galaxies we show that
this apparent contradiction can be resolved by realizing that the HI mass
density is dominated by L* galaxies, but the HI cross section near the DLA
threshold is more evenly distributed over galaxies with a large range in
luminosity, gas mass, and surface brightness. The distributions of column
densities and impact parameters of optically identified and non-identified DLA
host galaxies in the literature and the HI maps are qualitatively in agreement.
Due to poor number statistics of low redshift DLA systems, there is no firm
indication that the redshift number count of low redshift DLA systems is
inconsistent with that calculated from the nearby galaxy population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168753 </DOCNO>
Unconditional Security of Practical Quantum Key Distribution


  We present a complete protocol for BB84 quantum key distribution for a
realistic setting (noise, loss, multi-photon signals of the source) that covers
many of todays experimental implementations. The security of this protocol is
shown against an eavesdropper having unrestricted power to manipulate the
signals coherently on their path from sender to receiver. The protocol and the
security proof take into account the effects concerning the finite size of the
generated key.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149364 </DOCNO>
Quantum cosmology, inflationary brane-world creation and dS/CFT


  The creation of 4d de Sitter (inflationary) boundary gluing two d5 de Sitter
bulks on the classical as well as on quantum level (with account of brane QFT
via corresponding trace anomaly induced effective action) is discussed. Quantum
effects decrease the classical de Sitter brane radius or create new de Sitter
brane with even smaller radius. It is important that brane CFT may be chosen to
be dual to one of 5d de Sitter bulks, making the explicit relation of de Sitter
brane-world with dS/CFT correspondence. In this way, the localization of
gravity on the brane is shown. Moving (time-dependent) de Sitter brane in d5
SdS BH is considered. In the special coordinate system where brane equations
look like quantum-corrected FRW equations the comparison with similar brane
equations in SAdS BH bulk is done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148189 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional supersymmetry in 4D superspace


  We present an explicit formulation of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories from
$\D=$ 5 to 10 dimensions in the familiar $\N=1,\D=4$ superspace. This provides
the rules for globally supersymmetric model building with extra dimensions and
in particular allows us to simply write down $\N=1$ SUSY preserving
interactions between bulk fields and fields localized on branes. We present a
few applications of the formalism by way of illustration, including
supersymmetric ``shining'' of bulk fields, orbifolds and localization of chiral
fermions, anomaly inflow and super-Chern-Simons theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97234 </DOCNO>
Rational homotopy theory and nonnegative curvature


  In this note, we answer positively a question by Belegradek and Kapovitch
about the relation between rational homotopy theory and a problem in Riemannian
geometry which asks that total spaces of which vector bundles over compact
nonnegative curved manifolds admit (complete) metrics with nonnegative
curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84049 </DOCNO>
A procedure for unsupervised lexicon learning


  We describe an incremental unsupervised procedure to learn words from
transcribed continuous speech. The algorithm is based on a conservative and
traditional statistical model, and results of empirical tests show that it is
competitive with other algorithms that have been proposed recently for this
task.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114427 </DOCNO>
A full Bayesian approach for inverse problems


  The main object of this paper is to present some general concepts of Bayesian
inference and more specifically the estimation of the hyperparameters in
inverse problems. We consider a general linear situation where we are given
some data $\yb$ related to the unknown parameters $\xb$ by $\yb=\Ab \xb+\nb$
and where we can assign the probability laws $p(\xb|\thetab)$,
$p(\yb|\xb,\betab)$, $p(\betab)$ and $p(\thetab)$. The main discussion is then
how to infer $\xb$, $\thetab$ and $\betab$ either individually or any
combinations of them. Different situations are considered and discussed. As an
important example, we consider the case where $\theta$ and $\beta$ are the
precision parameters of the Gaussian laws to whom we assign Gamma priors and we
propose some new and practical algorithms to estimate them simultaneously.
Comparisons and links with other classical methods such as maximum likelihood
are presented. Keywords: Bayesian inference, Hyperparameter estimation, Inverse
problems, Maximum likelihood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4279 </DOCNO>
Incommensurate magnetic ordering in Sr_2Ru_(1-x)Ti_xO_4


  In $\rm Sr_2RuO_4$ the spin excitation spectrum is dominated by
incommensurate fluctuations at q=(0.3 0.3 q$_z$), which arise from
Fermi-surface nesting. We show that upon Ti substitution, known to suppress
superconductivity, a short range magnetic order develops with a propagation
vector (0.307 0.307 1). This finding confirms that superconducting $\rm
Sr_2RuO_4$ is extremely close to an incommensurate spin density wave
instability. In addition, the ordered moment in \srton ~ points along the
c-direction, which indicates that the incommensurate spin fluctuations exhibit
the anisotropy required to explain a p-wave spin triplet pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148169 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian vacua in D=5, N=4 gauged supergravity


  We study essentially non-Abelian backgrounds in the five dimensional N=4
gauged SU(2)$\times$U(1) supergravity. Static configurations that are invariant
under either the SO(4) spatial rotations or with respect to the SO(3) rotations
and translations along the fourth spatial coordinate are considered. By
analyzing consistency conditions for the equations for supersymmetric Killing
spinors we derive the Bogomol'nyi equations and obtain their globally regular
solutions. The SO(4) symmetric configurations contain the purely magnetic
non-Abelian fields together with the purely electric Abelian field and possess
two unbroken supersymmetries. The SO(3) configurations have only the
non-Abelian fields and preserve four supersymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126449 </DOCNO>
The Spectra of Red Quasars


  We measure the spectral properties of a representative sub-sample of 187
quasars, drawn from the Parkes Half-Jansky, Flat-radio-spectrum Sample (PHFS).
Quasars with a wide range of rest-frame optical/UV continuum slopes are
included in the analysis: their colours range from 2 < B-K < 7.
  The median H-beta and [O III] emission-line equivalent widths of the red
quasar sub-sample are a factor of ten weaker than those of the blue quasar
sub-sample. Both the colours and the emission-line equivalent widths of the red
quasars can be explained by the addition of a featureless red synchrotron
continuum component to an otherwise normal blue quasar spectrum. The relative
strengths of the blue and red components span two orders of magnitude at
rest-frame 500nm. The blue component is weaker relative to the red component in
low optical luminosity sources. This suggests that the fraction of accretion
energy going into optical emission from the jet is greater in low luminosity
quasars.
  This synchrotron model does not, however, fit around 10% of the quasars,
which have both red colours and high equivalent width emission-lines. We
hypothesise that these red, strong-lined quasars have intrinsically weak Big
Blue Bumps.
  There is no discontinuity in spectral properties between the BL Lac objects
in our sample and the other quasars. The synchrotron emission component only
dominates the spectrum at longer wavelengths, so existing BL Lac surveys will
be biassed against high redshift objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168661 </DOCNO>
Consciousness and Endogenous State Reduction: Two Experiments


  It is normally claimed that physical systems create and influence
consciousness, but that consciousness cannot influence physical systems.
However, I believe that this idea is flawed, and I suggest the following
experiments as a way of demonstrating the influence of consciousness on
physical systems. The first uses Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with
humans, and the second uses autoradiography with rats. Background arguments are
given, where it is claimed that 'pain' consciousness is correlated in a certain
way with the binding of opiates to receptors in the brain. Key Words: state
reduction, state collapse, macroscopic superpositions, PET scan,
autoradiography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4988 </DOCNO>
Vortex-loops and solid nucleation in superfluid $^4$He and $^3$He


  We propose a new model for the nature of the nucleation of solid from the
superfluid phases of $^4$He and $^3$He. Unique to the superfluid phases the
solid nucleation involves an extremely fast solidification front. This results
in a local release of pressure and a velocity field in the superfluid. The
superfluid velocity in turn facilitates the nucleation of vortex-loops. The
kinetic energy gain of this process balances the surface tension, as the solid
surface is quickly covered by many vortex-loops ("hairy snow-ball"). We show
that this scenario gives good agreement with experiments on heterogeneous
nucleation, which differ with the classical theory of homogeneous nucleation by
8 orders of magnitude. We propose several experiments that could show the
involvement of vortices with solid nucleation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150183 </DOCNO>
K-Theory and S-Duality: Starting Over from Square 3


  Recently Maldacena, Moore, and Seiberg (MMS) have proposed a physical
interpretation of the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence, which roughly
computes the K-homology groups that classify D-branes. We note that in IIB
string theory, this approach can be generalized to include NS charged objects
and conjecture an S-duality covariant, nonlinear extension of the spectral
sequence. We then compute the contribution of the MMS double-instanton
configuration to the derivation d_5. We conclude with an M-theoretic
generalization reminiscent of 11-dimensional E_8 gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6168 </DOCNO>
Emergence of Hierarchy on a Network of Complementary Agents


  Complementarity is one of the main features underlying the interactions in
biological and biochemical systems. Inspired by those systems we propose a
model for the dynamical evolution of a system composed by agents that interact
due to their complementary attributes rather than their similarities. Each
agent is represented by a bit-string and has an activity associated to it; the
coupling among complementary peers depends on their activity. The connectivity
of the system changes in time respecting the constraint of complementarity. We
observe the formation of a network of active agents whose stability depends on
the rate at which activity diffuses in the system. The model exhibits a
non-equilibrium phase transition between the ordered phase, where a stable
network is generated, and a disordered phase characterized by the absence of
correlation among the agents. The ordered phase exhibits multi-modal
distributions of connectivity and activity, indicating a hierarchy of
interaction among different populations characterized by different degrees of
activity. This model may be used to study the hierarchy observed in social
organizations as well as in business and other networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149545 </DOCNO>
Factorization method and the supersymmetric monopole harmonics


  We use the general $N = 1$ supersymmetric formulation of one dimensional
sigma models on non trivial manifolds and its subsequent quantization to
formulate the classical and quantum dynamics of the $ N= 2 $ supersymmetric
charged particle moving on a sphere in the field of a monopole. The
factorization method accommodated with the general covariance and it is used to
integrate the corresponding system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7567 </DOCNO>
On fluid/wall slippage


  Certain (non polymeric) fluids show an anomalously low friction when flowing
against well chosen solid walls. We discuss here one possible explanation,
postulating that a gaseous film of small thickness h is present between fluid
and wall. When h is smaller than the mean free path l of the gas (Knudsen
regime) the Navier length b is expected to be independent of h and very large
(microns).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73230 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in Warped Compactifications


  We study dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking in the Randall-Sundrum
scenario. We show that one extra dimension is enough to give the correct
pattern of electroweak symmetry breaking in a simple model with gauge bosons
and the right-handed top quark in the bulk. The top quark mass is also in
agreement with experiment. Furthermore, we propose an extended scenario with
all Standard Model gauge bosons and fermions propagating in the bulk, which
naturally accommodates the fermion mass hierarchies. No new fields or
interactions beyond the observed in the Standard Model are required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126124 </DOCNO>
Implications of Neutron Decoupling in Short Gamma Ray Bursts


  Roughly half of the observed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may arise from the
shocking of an ultra-relativistic shell of protons with the interstellar medium
(ISM). Any neutrons originally present in the GRB fireball may, depending on
the characteristics of the central engine, dynamically decouple as the fireball
accelerates. This leads to outflow consisting of separate fast proton and slow
neutron components. We derive detailed implications of neutron decoupling for
the observed lightcurves of short bursts. We show that the collision of a
neutron decayed shell with a decelerating outer shell is expected to result in
an observable second peak in the GRB lightcurve. There may be substantial
optical emission associated with such an event, so the upcoming Swift satellite
may be able to place constraints on models for short bursts. We also discuss
interesting inferences about central engine characteristics allowed by existing
BATSE data and a consideration of neutron decoupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168254 </DOCNO>
Bohmian prediction about a two double-slit experiment and its


  The significance of proposals that can predict different results for the
standard and Bohmian quantum mechanics have been the subject of many
discussions over the years. Here, we suggest a particular experiment (a two
double-slit experiment) and a special detection process, that we call selective
detection, to distinguish between the two theories. Using our suggested
experiment, it is shown that the two theories predict different observable
results at the individual level. But, at the ensemble level, their predictions
are the same for a geometrically symmetric arrangement. On the other hand, we
have shown that at the statistical level, if we use our selective detection,
then either the predictions of the two theories differ or where standard
quantum mechanics is silent or vague, Bohmian quantum mechanics makes explicit
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123557 </DOCNO>
A new test for the stable clustering hypothesis


  The stable clustering hypothesis is a fundamental assumption about the
nonlinear clustering of matter in cosmology. It states that the mean physical
separation of particles is a constant on sufficiently small scales. While many
authors have attempted to test the hypothesis with cosmological N-body
simulations, no consensus has been reached on whether and where the hypothesis
is valid, because of the limited dynamical range this type of simulations can
achieve. In this Letter, we propose to test the hypothesis with high resolution
halo simulations, since the individual halo simulations can resolve much better
the fine structures of the halos and since almost all pairs of particles with
small separations are presumed to be inside virialized halos. We calculated the
mean pair velocity for 14 high resolution halos of $\sim 1$ million particles
in a low-density flat cold dark matter model. The result agrees very well with
the stable clustering prediction within the measurement uncertainty $\sim 30%$
over a large range of scales where the overdensity is $10^3$ to $10^6$. The
accuracy of the test can be improved to $\sim 10%$ if some 100 halos with a
similar resolution are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127850 </DOCNO>
Simultaneous EUV and IR Observations of the Eclipsing Polar HU Aqr


  We present simultaneous EUV and infrared (J,K) observations of the polar HU
Aqr obtained during August 1998 when the star was in a high mass accretion
state. EUV and IR light curves and EUV spectra are presented and compared with
previous observations. The accretion region on the white dwarf has increased in
temperature (124,000K to 240,000K) and radius (0.04 R$_{WD}$ to 0.06 R$_{WD} $)
compared with previous EUV observations made during low mass accretion states.
The EUV and IR photometric observations are shown to have a similar appearance
as a function o f orbital phase. The EUV photometry shows rapid changes and
provides evidence for mass accretion via blobs. The high state IR light curves
present an asymmetric double-humped shape with J=14.8 and K=14.1. We applied an
ellipsoidal model fit to the observations and the result indicates that the
cause of the modulated shape is both due to ellipsoidal variations from the
Roche Lobe filling secondary star and a complex flux combination probably
dominated at all orbital phases by cyclotron emission. The source of maximum
cyclotron emission appears to be in the accretion column high above the white
dwarf surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 103 </DOCNO>
Understanding BCS Theory


  New calculation reveals that E is constant in a thin layer across the Fermi
surface, befitting the definition of energy gap parameter, Delta varies
dramatically. The BCS self-consistent equation has a simple and exact solution,
showing that the well-known ratio 3.5 must be replaced by 4. A simple formula
is found to estimate energy gap from first principles with reasonable accuracy,
useful to the current research into high Tc superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126857 </DOCNO>
Modelling the orbital modulation of ultraviolet resonance lines in


  The stellar-wind structure in high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) is
investigated through modelling of their ultraviolet (UV) resonance lines. For
the OB supergiants in two systems, Vela X-1 and 4U1700-37, high-resolution UV
spectra are available; for Cyg X-1, SMC X-1, and LMC X-4 low-resolution spectra
are used. In order to account for the non-monotonic velocity structure of the
stellar wind, a modified version of the Sobolev Exact Integration (SEI) method
by Lamers et al. (1987) is applied. The orbital modulation of the UV resonance
lines provides information on the size of the Stroemgren zone surrounding the
X-ray source. The amplitude of the observed orbital modulation (known as the
Hatchett-McCray effect), however, also depends on the density- and velocity
structure of the ambient wind. Model profiles are presented that illustrate the
effect on the appearance of the HM effect by varying stellar-wind parameters.
The q parameter of Hatchett & McCray (1977), as well as other parameters
describing the supergiant's wind structure, are derived for the 5 systems. The
X-ray luminosity needed to create the observed size of the Stroemgren zone is
consistent with the observed X-ray flux. The derived wind parameters are
compared to those determined in single OB supergiants of similar spectral type.
Our models naturally explain the observed absence of the HM effect in
4U1700-37. The orbital modulation in Vela X-1 indicates that besides the
Stroemgren zone other structures are present in the stellar wind (such as a
photo-ionization wake). The ratio of the wind velocity and the escape velocity
is found to be lower in OB supergiants in HMXBs than in single OB supergiants
of the same effective temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86148 </DOCNO>
Quantum entropy of the Kerr black hole arising from gravitational


  The quantum entropy of the Kerr black hole arising from gravitational
perturbation is investigated by using Null tetrad and \'t Hooft\'s brick-wall
model. It is shown that effect of the graviton\'s spins on the subleading
correction is dependent of the square of the spins and the angular momentum per
unit mass of the black hole, and contribution of the logarithmic term to the
entropy will be positive, zero, and negative for different value of $a/r_+$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123676 </DOCNO>
A Comprehensive Statistical Analysis of the Gas Distribution in


  In this paper we show how to use data on Lyman-limit and Damped Lyman-alpha
absorption systems to derive the hydrogen ionization fractions and the
distribution of the face-on total gas column density. We consider axially
symmetric, randomly oriented absorbers, ionized by an external background
radiation field in order to relate the face-on total gas distribution to that
of the neutral hydrogen observed along the line of sight. We devise a
statistical procedure based on the Maximum Likelihood criterion, that is able
to treat simultaneously data coming from different surveys and statistically
recovers the "true" column densities in the presence of large uncertainties:
this is especially important for Lyman-limit systems which leave an
unmeasurable residual flux at wavelengths shorter than the Lyman break. We make
use of simulated data to look for possible observational biases and extensively
test our procedure. For a large statistical sample of real data in the redshift
range [1.75,3.25] (collected from all published surveys) our Maximum Likelihood
procedure gives a power-law slope for the total hydrogen distribution of -2.7.
All together Lyman-limit systems therefore contain more gas than Damped
Lyman-alpha systems. Analysis of data at other redshifts shows that more
observations are needed to reach a compelling evidence for a cosmological
evolution of the slope of the gas distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128198 </DOCNO>
A multi-wavelength study of the oxygen-rich AGB star CIT 3: Bispectrum


  (abridged) CIT 3 is an oxygen-rich long-period variable evolving along the
AGB and one of the most extreme infrared AGB objects. We present the first
bispectrum speckle-interferometry observations of CIT 3 in the J-, H-, and
K'-band (resolution: 48mas, 56mas, and 73mas). The interferograms were obtained
with the Russian SAO 6m telescope. While CIT 3 appears almost spherically
symmetric in the H- and K'-band, it is clearly elongated in the J-band along a
symmetry axis of position angle -28 degr. Two structures can be identified: a
compact elliptical core (eccentricity ~0.8) and a fainter north-western
fan-like structure (full opening angle ~40 degr). Extensive radiative transfer
calculations have been carried out and confronted with the spectral energy
distribution, our 1.24, 1.65 and 2.12 micron visibility functions, and 11micron
ISI interferometry. The best model refers to a cool central star (Teff=2250K)
surrounded by an optically thick dust shell (tau_V = 30). The central-star
diameter is 10.9mas and the inner dust shell diameter 71.9mas. The inner
dust-shell rim is located at r_1=6.6 Rstar and has a temperature of T_1=900K. A
two-component model existing of an inner uniform-outflow shell region
(rho~1/r^2; r < 20.5 r_1) and an outer region with rho ~ 1/r^1.5 proved to give
the best overall match of the observations. Provided the outflow velocity kept
constant, the more shallow density distribution in the outer shell indicates
that mass-loss has decreased with time in the past of CIT 3. Adopting
vexp=20km/s, the termination of that mass-loss decrease and the begin of the
uniform-outflow phase took place 87yr ago. The present-day mass-loss rate can
be determined to be Mdot = (1.3-2.1) x 10^-5 Msol/yr for d=500-800pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41069 </DOCNO>
A study of backward going $p$ and $\pi^{-}$ in $\nu_{\mu}CC$


  Backward proton and $\pi^-$ production has been studied in $\nu_{\mu}CC$
interactions with carbon nuclei. Detailed analyses of the momentum
distributions, of the production rates, and of the general features of events
with a backward going particle, have been carried out in order to understand
the mechanism producing these particles. The backward proton data have been
compared with the predictions of the reinteraction and the short range
correlation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1126 </DOCNO>
Thin Film Magnesium Boride Superconductor with Very High Critical


  The discovery of superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride offers the
possibility of a new class of low-cost, high-performance superconducting
materials for magnets and electronic applications. With twice the critical
temperature of Nb_3Sn and four times that of Nb-Ti alloy, MgB_2 has the
potential to reach much higher fields and current densities than either of
these technological superconductors. A vital prerequisite, strongly linked
current flow, has already been demonstrated even at this early stage. One
possible drawback is the observation that the field at which superconductivity
is destroyed is modest. Further, the field which limits the range of practical
applications, the irreversibility field H*(T), is ~7 T at liquid helium
temperature (4.2 K), significantly lower than ~10 T for Nb-Ti and ~20 T for
Nb_3Sn. Here we show that MgB_2 thin films can exhibit a much steeper
temperature dependence of H*(T) than is observed in bulk materials, yielding
H*(4.2 K) above 14 T. In addition, very high critical current densities at 4.2
K, 1 MA/cm_2 at 1 T and 10_5 A/cm_2 at 10 T, are possible. These data
demonstrate that MgB_2 has credible potential for high-field superconducting
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149012 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Recursion Relations in N=2 Supersymmetric Gauge Theories


  Linear recursion relations for the instanton corrections to the effective
prepotential are derived for two cases of N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories;
the first case with an arbitrary number of hypermultiplets in the fundamental
representation of an arbitrary classical gauge group, and the second case with
one hypermultiplet in the adjoint representation of SU(N). The construction for
both cases proceed from the Seiberg-Witten solutions and the renormalization
group type equations for the prepotential. Successive iterations of these
recursion relations allow us to simply obtain instanton corrections to an
arbitrarily high order. Checks with previous results in the literature were
performed. Other theoretical properties and generalizations are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3285 </DOCNO>
Emptiness Formation Probability for the One-Dimensional Isotropic XY


  We study a correlation function for the one-dimensional isotropic ${XY}$
model (${XX0}$ model), which is called the Emptiness Formation Probability
(EFP). It is the probability of the formation of a ferromagnetic string in the
anti-ferromagnetic ground state. Using the expression of the EFP as a Toeplitz
determinant, we discuss its asymptotic behaviors. We also compare the
analytical results with numerical calculations as the density-matrix
renormalization group and the quantum Monte-Carlo method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86693 </DOCNO>
A Method for Finding Solutions of the Hermitian Theory of Relativity


  A method is presented, which can generate solutions of the Hermitian theory
of relativity from known solutions of the general theory of relativity, when
the latter depend on three co-ordinates and are invariant under reversal of the
fourth one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 959 </DOCNO>
Superfluid vortices in neutron stars


  A microscopic, quantum mechanical model for neutron vortices in the crust of
a neutron star is presented. After a brief introduction to the Bogoliubov- de
Gennes equations, which form the basis for our calculations, we present results
for density distributions, vortex core sizes and vortex energies, both for an
isolated neutron vortex and for the case when the vortex core overlaps with a
cylindrical nucleus. Earlier results on the vortex core size are confirmed,
indicating a much less dramatic variation of the vortex core size with density
than predicted by the BCS formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129196 </DOCNO>
A fireworks model for Gamma-Ray Bursts


  The angular distribution of the shells emitted by a Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB)
source is derived in analogy with the in-flight decay of an elementary
particle. In the hypothesis that the shells evolve in two distinct phases, the
first one occurs close to the engine and is responsible of energizing and
collimating the shells. The second one consists of a radiation dominated
expansion, correspondingly accelerates the relativistic photon--particle fluid
and ends at the transparency time. This mechanism predicts that the observed
Lorentz factor is determined by the product of the Lorentz factor of the shell
close to the engine and the Lorentz factor derived by the expansion. The
angular distribution of the emitted shells is determined by the bulk Lorentz
factor at the end of the collimation phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1781 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluid-dynamics from density functional theory


  A partial differential eigenvalue equation for the density displacement
fields associated with electronic excitations is derived in the framework of
density functional theory. Our quantum fluid-dynamical approach is based on a
variational principle and the Kohn-Sham ground-state energy functional, using
only the occupied Kohn-Sham orbitals. It allows for an intuitive interpretation
of electronic excitations in terms of intrinsic local currents that obey a
continuity equation. We demonstrate the capabilities of this non-empirical
approach by calculating the photoabsorption spectra of small sodium clusters.
The quantitative agreement between theoretical and experimental spectra shows
that even for the smallest clusters, the resonances observed experimentally at
low temperatures can be interpreted in terms of density vibrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179107 </DOCNO>
Effective nucleon-nucleon interactions and nuclear matter equation of


  Nuclear matter equations of state based on Skyrme, Myers-Swiatecki and
Tondeur interactions are written as polynomials of the cubic root of density,
with coefficients that are functions of the relative neutron excess $\delta$.
In the extrapolation toward states far away from the standard one, it is shown
that the asymmetry dependence of the critical point ($\rho_c, \delta_c$)
depends on the model used. However, when the equations of state are fitted to
the same standard state, the value of $\delta_c$ is almost the same in Skyrme
and in Myers-Swiatecki interactions, while is much lower in Tondeur
interaction. Furthermore, $\delta_c$ does not depend sensitively on the choice
of the parameter $\gamma$ in Skyrme interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148237 </DOCNO>
Hyper-Kahler Calabi Metrics, L^2 Harmonic Forms, Resolved M2-branes, and


  We obtain a simple explicit expression for the hyper-Kahler Calabi metric on
the co-tangent bundle of CP^{n+1}, for all n, in which it is constructed as a
metric of cohomogeneity one with SU(n+2)/U(n) principal orbits. These results
enable us to obtain explicit expressions for an L^2-normalisable harmonic
4-form in D=8, and an L^2-normalisable harmonic 6-form in D=12. We use the
former in order to obtain an explicit resolved M2-brane solution, and we show
that this solution is invariant under all three of the supersymmetries
associated with the covariantly-constant spinors in the 8-dimensional Calabi
metric. We give some discussion of the corresponding dual N=3 three-dimensional
field theory. Various other topics are also addressed, including
superpotentials for the Calabi metrics and the metrics of exceptional G_2 and
Spin(7) holonomy in D=7 and D=8. We also present complex and quaternionic
conifold constructions, associated with the cone metrics whose resolutions are
provided by the Stenzel T^*S^{n+1} and Calabi T^*\CP^{n+1} metrics. In the
latter case we relate the construction to the hyper-Kahler quotient. We then
use the hyper-K\"ahler quotient to give a quaternionic rederivation of the
Calabi metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86538 </DOCNO>
Constraining the quintessence equation of state with SnIa data and CMB


  Quintessence has been introduced as an alternative to the cosmological
constant scenario to account for the current acceleration of the universe. This
new dark energy component allows values of the equation of state parameter
$w_{Q}^0\geq-1$, and in principle measurements of cosmological distances to
Type Ia supernovae can be used to distinguish between these two types of
models. Assuming a flat universe, we use the supernovae data and measurements
of the position of the acoustic peaks in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
spectra to constrain a rather general class of Quintessence potentials,
including inverse power law models and recently proposed Supergravity inspired
potentials. In particular we use a likelihood analysis, marginalizing over the
dark energy density $\Omega_{Q}$, the physical baryon density $\Omega_{b}h^2$
and the scalar spectral index $n$, to constrain the slopes of our Quintessence
potential. Considering only the first Doppler peak the best fit in our range of
models gives $w_{Q}^0\sim-0.8$. However, including the SnIa data and the three
peaks, we find an upper limit on the present value of the equation of state
parameter, $-1\leq w_{Q}^0\leq-0.93$ at $2\sigma$, a result that appears to
rule out a class of recently proposed potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179113 </DOCNO>
Statistical evolution of fragment isospin in nuclear multifragmentation


  Two instructive effects concerning fragment production at disintegration of
finite nuclei are predicted with the statistical multifragmentation model: (1)
a concentration of neutrons in intermediate mass fragments during the phase
transition, (2) the break of the spatial symmetry of the fragment's isospin
distribution, as well as of the symmetry of the fragment's emission from a
statistical source, induced by the external Coulomb field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96647 </DOCNO>
Annihilating Fields of Standard Modules for Affine Lie Algebras


  Given an affine Kac-Moody Lie algebra $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}[\sigma]$ of
arbitrary type, we determine certain minimal sets of annihilating fields of
standard $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}[\sigma]$-modules. We then use these sets in
order to obtain a characterization of standard
$\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}[\sigma]$-modules in terms of irreducible loop
$\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}[\sigma]$-modules, which proves to be a useful tool for
combinatorial constructions of bases for standard
$\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}[\sigma]$-modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72391 </DOCNO>
The Shape and Experimental Tests of the Q^2-Invariant Polarized Gluon


  The absence of "valence-gluon" degrees of freedom combined with an
examination of radiative QCD diagrams leads to an implication that the gluon
spin asymmetry in a proton, defined as A_G(x,Q^2) = (Delta G)/G, should be
approximately Q^2 invariant. The condition for scale invariance completely
determines the x-dependence of this asymmetry, which satisfies the constituent
counting rules and reproduces the basic results of the Bremsstrahlung model
originated by Close and Sivers. This asymmetry can be combined with the
measured unpolarized gluon density, G(x,Q^2) to provide a prediction for Delta
G(x,Q^2). Existing and proposed experiments can test both the prediction of
scale invariance for A_G and the nature of Delta G itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149679 </DOCNO>
Particle-vortex dynamics in noncommutative space


  We study the problem of a charged particle in the presence of a uniform
magnetic field plus a vortex in noncommutative planar space considering the two
possible non-commutative extensions of the corresponding Hamiltonian, namely
the ``fundamental'' and the ``antifundamental'' representations. Using a Fock
space formalism we construct eigenfunctions and eigenvalues finding in each
case half of the states existing in the ordinary space case. In the limit of
$\theta \to 0$ we recover the two classes of states found in ordinary space,
relevant for the study of anyon physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128736 </DOCNO>
Tidally distorted accretion discs in binary stars


  The non-axisymmetric features observed in the discs of dwarf novae in
outburst are usually considered to be spiral shocks, which are the non-linear
relatives of tidally excited waves. This interpretation suffers from a number
of problems. For example, the natural site of wave excitation lies outside the
Roche lobe, the disc must be especially hot, and most treatments of wave
propagation do not take into account the vertical structure of the disc.
  In this paper I construct a detailed semi-analytical model of the non-linear
tidal distortion of a thin, three-dimensional accretion disc by a binary
companion on a circular orbit. The analysis presented here allows for vertical
motion and radiative energy transport, and introduces a simple model for the
turbulent magnetic stress. The m=2 inner vertical resonance has an important
influence on the amplitude and phase of the tidal distortion. I show that the
observed patterns find a natural explanation if the emission is associated with
the tidally thickened sectors of the outer disc, which may be irradiated from
the centre. According to this hypothesis, it may be possible to constrain the
physical parameters of the disc through future observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95987 </DOCNO>
Geometry without topology as a new conception of geometry


  A geometric conception is a method of a geometry construction. The Riemannian
geometric conception and a new T-geometric one are considered. T-geometry is
built only on the basis of information included in the metric (distance between
two points). Such geometric concepts as dimension, manifold, metric tensor,
curve are fundamental in the Riemannian conception of geometry, and they are
derivative in the T-geometric one. T-geometry is the simplest geometric
conception (essentially only finite point sets are investigated) and
simultaneously it is the most general one. It is insensitive to the space
continuity and has a new property -- nondegeneracy. Fitting the T-geometry
metric with the metric tensor of Riemannian geometry, one can compare
geometries, constructed on the basis of different conceptions. The comparison
shows that along with similarity (the same system of geodesics, the same
metric) there is a difference. There is an absolute parallelism in T-geometry,
but it is absent in the Riemannian geometry. In T-geometry any space region is
isometrically embeddable in the space, whereas in Riemannian geometry only
convex region is isometrically embeddable. T-geometric conception appears to be
more consistent logically, than the Riemannian one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97016 </DOCNO>
Random Young Tableaux and Combinatorial Identities


  We derive new combinatorial identities which may be viewed as multivariate
analogs of summation formulas for hypergeometric series. As in the previous
paper [Re], we start with probability distributions on the space of the
infinite Young tableaux. Then we calculate the probability that the entry of a
random tableau at a given box equals n=1,2,.... Summing these probabilities
over n and equating the result to 1 we get a nontrivial identity. Our choice
for the initial distributions is motivated by the recent work on harmonic
analysis on the infinite symmetric group and related topics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98181 </DOCNO>
Relaxation of Excited States in Nonlinear Schr\"odinger Equations


  We consider a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in $\R^3$ with a bounded local
potential. The linear Hamiltonian is assumed to have two bound states with the
eigenvalues satisfying some resonance condition. Suppose that the initial data
is small and is near some nonlinear {\it excited} state. We give a sufficient
condition on the initial data so that the solution to the nonlinear
Schr\"odinger equation approaches to certain nonlinear {\it ground} state as
the time tends to infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124744 </DOCNO>
Period - magnitude relationships in BVIJHK-Bands for fundamental mode


  We present theoretical period - magnitude relationships for Cepheids in
different filters for fundamental and first overtone pulsators, completing the
work by Alibert et al. (1999). The results are provided for different
metallicities characteristic of the Magellanic Clouds and the Milky Way. In
contrast to the fundamental mode, we find a small metallicity effect on the
period - luminosity relationship for the first overtone, due to the sensitivity
of the period ratio $P_1$/$P_0$ with metallicity. Comparison is made with
observations from OGLE and EROS in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds. We
emphasize the constraint on theoretical predictions provided by the combination
of both fundamental and first overtone observed sequences. We obtain excellent
agreement between models and data in a $\log P$ - $\wi$ (Wesenheit index)
diagram for a distance modulus for the LMC $\mu_0$ = 18.60 - 18.70. We analyse
the uncertainties of the fundamental period - magnitude relationships and the
consequences on distance determination. We show that an arbitrary shift of the
instability strip by 350 K in $\te$ yields up to 0.45 mag effect on $\mv$ at a
given period, whereas the effect is less than 0.1 mag in the $K$-band. Using
recent near-IR observations in the Large Magellanic Cloud and our $P$ - $\mk$
relationship, we derive a distance modulus for the LMC in agreement with the
value based on $\wi$ data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127266 </DOCNO>
Detecting magnetic CMB polarization on an incomplete sky


  The full sky cosmic microwave background polarization field can be decomposed
into `electric' and `magnetic' components. Working in harmonic space we
construct magnetic variables that can be measured from observations over only a
portion of the sky. Our construction is exact for azimuthally symmetric
patches, but should continue to perform well for arbitrary patches. For
isotropic, uncorrelated noise the variables have a very simple diagonal noise
correlation, and further analysis using them should be no harder than analysing
the temperature field. We estimate the tensor mode amplitude that could be
detected by the Planck satellite and discuss the sensitivity of future
experiments in the presence of a contaminating weak lensing signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6583 </DOCNO>
Statistical equilibrium measures in micromagnetics


  We derive an equilibrium statistical theory for the macroscopic description
of a ferromagnetic material at positive finite temperatures. Our formulation
describes the most-probable equilibrium macrostates that yield a coherent
deterministic large-scale picture varying at the size of the domain, as well as
it captures the effect of random spin fluctuations caused by the thermal noise.
We discuss connections of the proposed formulation to the Landau-Lifschitz
theory and to the studies of domain formation based on Monte Carlo lattice
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148298 </DOCNO>
Five-Brane Superpotentials in Heterotic M-Theory


  The open supermembrane contribution to the non-perturbative superpotential of
bulk space five-branes in heterotic M-theory is presented. We explicitly
compute the superpotential for the modulus associated with the separation of a
bulk five-brane from an end-of-the-world three-brane. The gauge and
kappa-invariant boundary strings of such open supermembranes are given and the
role of the holomorphic vector bundle on the orbifold fixed plane boundary is
discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149183 </DOCNO>
Giant Gravitons with NSNS B field


  We study the motion of a D(8-p)-brane probe in the background created by a
stack of non-threshold (D(p-2), Dp) bound states for $2\le p\le 6$. The brane
probe and the branes of the background have two common directions. We show that
for a particular value of the worldvolume gauge field there exist
configurations of the probe brane which behave as massless particles and can be
interpreted as gravitons blown up into a fuzzy sphere and a noncommutative
plane. We check this behaviour by studying the motion and energy of the brane
and by determining how supersymmetry is broken by the probe as it moves under
the action of the background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2258 </DOCNO>
Commensurate and Incommensurate Vortex Lattice Melting in Periodic


  We examine the melting of commensurate and incommensurate vortex lattices
interacting with square pinning arrays through the use of numerical
simulations. For weak pinning strength in the commensurate case we observe an
order-order transition from a commensurate square vortex lattice to a
triangular floating solid phase as a function of temperature. This floating
solid phase melts into a liquid at still higher temperature. For strong pinning
there is only a single transition from the square pinned lattice to the liquid
state. For strong pinning in the incommensurate case, we observe a multi-stage
melting in which the interstitial vortices become mobile first, followed by the
melting of the entire lattice, consistent with recent imaging experiments. The
initial motion of vortices in the incommensurate phase occurs by an exchange
process of interstitial vortices with vortices located at the pinning sites. We
have also examined the vortex melting behavior for higher matching fields and
find that a coexistence of a commensurate pinned vortex lattice with an
interstitial vortex liquid occurs while at higher temperatures the entire
vortex lattice melts. For triangular arrays at incommensurate fields higher
than the first matching field we observe that the initial vortex motion can
occur through a novel correlated ring excitation where a number of vortices can
rotate around a pinned vortex. We also discuss the relevance of our results to
recent experiments of colloidal particles interacting with periodic trap
arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76985 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass Matrices in Models with Horizontal Symmetries


  We have studied the most general neutrino mass matrices in models with SU(2)
and SU(3) horizontal symmetries. Without going into the details of the models
it is possible to write down the effective operators, which predict the
structure of the Majorana neutrino mass matrices. Unlike other extensions of
the standard model, the structure is now independent of the effective Yukawa
couplings and depends entirely on the Higgs which gives mass to the other
fermions. In the case of SU(3) symmetries the lowest dimensional operators are
forbidden requiring a low mass scale for lepton number violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95877 </DOCNO>
Is there universality among the graph omitting a complete bipartite


  For cardinals lambda, kappa, theta we consider the class of graphs of
cardinality lambda which has no subgraph which is (kappa, theta)-complete
bipartite graph. The question is whether in such a class there is a universal
one under (weak) embedding. We solve this problem completely under GCH. Under
various assumptions mostly related to cardinal arithmetic we prove nonexistence
of universals for this problem and some related ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86356 </DOCNO>
New integral equation form of integrable reductions of Einstein


  A new development of the ``monodromy transform'' method for analysis of
hyperbolic as well as elliptic integrable reductions of Einstein equations is
presented. Compatibility conditions for some alternative representations of the
fundamental solutions of associated linear systems with spectral parameter in
terms of a pair of dressing (``scattering'') matrices give rise to a new set of
linear (quasi-Fredholm) integral equations equivalent to the symmetry reduced
Einstein equations. Unlike previously derived singular integral equations
constructed with the use of conserved (nonevolving) monodromy data on the
spectral plane for the fundamental solutions of associated linear systems, the
scalar kernels of the new equations include another kind of functional
parameters -- the evolving (``dynamical'') monodromy data for the scattering
matrices. For hyperbolic reductions, in the context of characteristic initial
value problem these data are determined completely by the characteristic
initial data for the fields. In terms of solutions of the new integral
equations the field components are expressed in quadratures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123602 </DOCNO>
Relativistic superfluid models for rotating neutron stars


  This article starts by providing an introductory overview of the theoretical
mechanics of rotating neutron stars as developped to account for the frequency
variations, and particularly the discontinuous glitches, observed in pulsars.
The theory suggests, and the observations seem to confirm, that an essential
role is played by the interaction between the solid crust and inner layers
whose superfluid nature allows them to rotate independently. However many
significant details remain to be clarified, even in much studied cases such as
the Crab and Vela. The second part of this article is more technical,
concentrating on just one of the many physical aspects that needs further
development, namely the provision of a satisfactorily relativistic (local but
not microscopic) treatment of the effects of the neutron superfluidity that is
involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1299 </DOCNO>
Tube Models for Rubber-Elastic Systems


  In the first part of the paper we show that the constraining potentials
introduced to mimic entanglement effects in Edwards' tube model and Flory's
constrained junction model are diagonal in the generalized Rouse modes of the
corresponding phantom network. As a consequence, both models can formally be
solved exactly for arbitrary connectivity using the recently introduced
constrained mode model. In the second part, we solve a double tube model for
the confinement of long paths in polymer networks which is partially due to
crosslinking and partially due to entanglements. Our model describes a
non-trivial crossover between the Warner-Edwards and the Heinrich-Straube tube
models. We present results for the macroscopic elastic properties as well as
for the microscopic deformations including structure factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 611 </DOCNO>
Coherent acceleration of Bose-Einstein condensates


  We present a theoretical analysis of the coherent acceleration of atomic
Bose-Einstein condensates. A first scheme relies on the 'conveyor belt'
provided by a frequency-chirped optical lattice. For potentials shallow enough
that the condensate is not fragmented, the acceleration can be interpreted in
terms of sequential Bragg scattering, with the atomic sample undergoing
transitions to a succession of discrete momentum sidemodes. The narrow momentum
width of these sidemodes offers the possibility to accelerate an ultracold
atomic sample such as e.g. a Bose-Einstein condensate without change in its
momentum distribution. This is in contrast to classical point particles, for
which this kind of acceleration leads to a substantial heating of the sample. A
second scheme is based on the idea of a synchronous particle accelerator
consisting of a spatial array of quadrupole traps. Pulsing the trapping
potential creates a traveling trap that confines and accelerates the atomic
system. We study this process using the concept of phase stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169383 </DOCNO>
Two-qubit Projective Measurements are Universal for Quantum Computation


  Nielsen [quant-ph/0108020] showed that universal quantum computation is
possible given quantum memory and the ability to perform projective
measurements on up to 4-qubits. We describe an improved method that requires
only 2-qubit measurements, which are both sufficient and necessary. We present
a method to partially collapse the $C_k$-hierarchy in the indirect construction
of unitary gates [Gottesman and Chuang, Nature, {\bf 402} 309 (1999)], and
apply the method to find discrete universal sets of 2-qubit measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73805 </DOCNO>
High Energy Neutrino Signals of Four Neutrino Mixing


  We evaluate the upward shower and muon event rates for two characteristic
four neutrino mixing models for extragalactic neutrinos, as well as for the
atmospheric neutrinos, with energy thresholds of 1 TeV, 10 TeV and 100 TeV. We
show that by comparing the shower to muon event rates, one can distinguish
between oscillation and no-oscillation models. By measuring shower and muon
event rates for energy thresholds of 10 TeV and 100 TeV, and by considering
their ratio, it is possible to use extragalactic neutrino sources to determine
the type of four-flavor mixing pattern. We find that one to ten years of data
taking with kilometer-size detector has a very good chance of providing
valuable information about the physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76858 </DOCNO>
Complete LEP Data: Status of Higgs Boson Searches


  The LEP experiments completed data-taking in November 2000. New preliminary
combined results of the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL are
presented for various Higgs boson searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2257 </DOCNO>
Synchronization and multi-mode dynamics of mutually coupled


  Dynamics of coupled semiconductor lasers is investigated by numerical
simulations. A realistic laser simulation engine is used to study the
synchronization and dynamical regime in two mutually coupled Fabry-Perot and/or
DFB lasers. Both, single- and multi-mode operation regimes are studied with
emphasis on the role of the multiple laser-cavity modes. Our findings indicate
that the two laser synchronize within each laser-cavity mode, while the
synchronization across different cavity modes is significantly weaker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125742 </DOCNO>
Self-Similar Hot Accretion Flow onto a Rotating Neutron Star: Structure


  We present analytical and numerical solutions which describe a hot, viscous,
two-temperature accretion flow onto a rotating neutron star or any other
rotating compact star with a surface. We assume Coulomb coupling between the
protons and electrons, and free-free cooling from the electrons. Outside a thin
boundary layer, where the accretion flow meets the star, we show that there is
an extended settling region which is well-described by two self-similar
solutions: (i) a two-temperature solution which is valid in an inner zone
$r\le10^{2.5}$ ($r$ is in Schwarzchild units), and (ii) a one-temperature
solution at larger radii. In both zones, $\rho\propto r^{-2}, \Omega\propto
r^{-3/2}, v\propto r^0, T_p\propto r^{-1}$; in the two-temperature zone,
$T_e\propto r^{-1/2}$. The luminosity of the settling zone arises from the
rotational energy of the star as the star is braked by viscosity. Hence the
luminosity and the flow parameters (density, temperature, angular velocity) are
independent of $\dot M$. The settling solution described here is not
advection-dominated, and is thus different from the self-similar ADAF found
around black holes. When the spin of the star is small enough, however, the
present solution transforms smoothly to a (settling) ADAF.
  We carried out a stability analysis of the settling flow. The flow is
convectively and viscously stable and is unlikely to have strong winds or
outflows. Unlike another cooling-dominated system --- the SLE disk, --- the
settling flow is thermally stable provided that thermal conduction is taken
into account. This strong saturated-like thermoconduction does not change the
structure of the flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98715 </DOCNO>
Four-Weight Spin Models and Jones Pairs


  We introduce and discuss Jones pairs. These provide a generalization and a
new approach to the four-weight spin models of Bannai and Bannai. We show that
each four-weight spin model determines a ``dual'' pair of association schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72782 </DOCNO>
Anti-de Sitter no-hair, AdS/CFT and the brane-world


  We study the asymptotic behavior of the bulk spacetimes with the negative
cosmological constant in the context of the brane-world scenario. We show that,
in Euclidean bulk, or in Lorentzian static bulk, some sequences of
hypersurfaces with the positive Ricci scalar evolve to the warped geometries
like the anti-de Sitter spacetime. Based on the AdS/CFT correspondence, we
discuss that the positivity of the Ricci scalar is related to the stability of
CFT on the brane. In addition, the brane-world is described from the
holographic point of view. The asymptotic local structure of the conformal
infinity is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126994 </DOCNO>
Discovery of X-ray Pulsations from the Compact Central Source in the


  We report on high time resolution observations of the SNR 3C 58 using the
High Resolution Camera on the Chandra X-ray Observatory. These data show a
point-like central source, from which we detect 65.68 ms pulsations at 6.7
sigma significance. We interpret these pulsations as corresponding to a young
rotation-powered pulsar (PSR J-205+6449) which is associated with, and powers,
3C 58. Analysis of archival RXTE data from three years earlier confirms these
pulsations, and allows us to determine a spin-down rate of P-dot=1.93x10^-13
s/s. Assuming a magnetic dipole model for PSR J0205+6449, we infer a surface
magnetic field of 3.6x10^12 G. The characteristic age for this pulsar is 5400
yr, indicating either that 3C 58 was not the supernova of 1181 CE, or that the
pulsar's initial spin period was ~60 ms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95946 </DOCNO>
An inverse problem for the heat equation


  Let $u_t = u_{xx} - q(x) u, 0 \leq x \leq 1$, $t>0$, $u(0, t) = 0, u(1, t) =
a(t), u(x,0) = 0$, where $a(t)$ is a given function vanishing for $t>T$, $a(t)
\not\equiv 0$, $\int^T_0 a(t) dt < \infty$. Suppose one measures the flux $u_x
(0,t) := b_0 (t)$ for all $t>0$. Does this information determine $q(x)$
uniquely? Do the measurements of the flux $u_x (1,t) := b(t)$ give more
information about $q(x)$ than $b_0 (t)$ does?
  The above questions are answered in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41553 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Hadronic Photon Structure Function F_2^gamma at LEP2


  The hadronic structure function of the photon F_2^gamma is measured as a
function of Bjorken x and of the factorisation scale Q^2 using data taken by
the OPAL detector at LEP. Previous OPAL measurements of the x dependence of
F_2^gamma are extended to an average Q^2 of 767 GeV^2. The Q^2 evolution of
F_2^gamma is studied for average Q^2 between 11.9 and 1051 GeV^2. As predicted
by QCD, the data show positive scaling violations in F_2^gamma. Several
parameterisations of F_2^gamma are in agreement with the measurements whereas
the quark-parton model prediction fails to describe the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87033 </DOCNO>
Quantum and Classical Fields in the Finite-Dimensional Formalism


  The quantization rules recently proposed by M. Navarro (and independently
I.V. Kanatchikov) for a finite-dimensional formulation of quantum field theory
are applied to the Klein-Gordon and the Dirac fields to obtain the quantum
equations of motion of both fields. In doing so several problems arise.
  Solving these difficulties leads us to propose a new classical canonical
formalism, which, in turn, leads us to new, improved rules of quantization. We
show that the new classical equations of motion and rules of quantization
overcome several known unsatisfactory features of the previous formalism. We
argue that the new formalism is a general improvement with respect to the
previous one.
  Further we show that the quantum field theory of the Dirac and Klein-Gordon
field describes particles with extra, harmonic-oscillator-like degrees of
freedom. We argue that these degrees of freedom should give rise to a
multi-particle interpretation of the formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83877 </DOCNO>
Civic Engagement among Early Internet Adopters: Trend or Phase?


  This paper brings evidence to bear on the question of the long-term effects
of Internet diffusion on civic engagement in geographic communities. It draws
on findings from survey data collected in four U.S. towns and cities in fall
2000 where community computer networking is established. The study shows that
early adopters of the Internet are more likely to engage in civic activities
and to have higher levels of community involvement than later adopters.
Further, early adopters are more likely to use the Internet to increase their
community involvement and political participation. Later adopters in all four
sites show less involvement in their local community and less interest in
political activity and information, online or offline. These findings reinforce
those of the Kohut (1999) study showing that later adopters are less civic
minded and more interested than early adopters in consumer and commercial
applications, such as shopping and entertainment. The evidence in these four
sites is consistent with earlier findings in Blacksburg, Virginia (Kavanaugh,
2000; Patterson and Kavanaugh, 2001; Kavanaugh and Patterson, 2001) and other
studies of early innovation adopters (Rogers, 1983; Kohut, 1999; Valente, 1995,
among others). The results reported in this paper lend weight to the argument
that increases in civic engagement and community involvement are due primarily
to the behavior of early adopters, making such increases a phase, not a trend.
As later adopters come on line, use of the Internet for community involvement
or civic engagement decreases. In the long term, we can expect that Internet
access may have only a modest effect on community involvement and civic
engagement in geographic communities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74552 </DOCNO>
Susceptibilities to order $\alpha_s$ in the high density phase of QCD


  We compute the free energy density of QCD to order $\alpha_s$ at very high
density and non-zero quark masses. The counterterms needed to renormalise the
theory to order $\alpha_s$ is same as the vacuum (non-zero density) theory. We
investigate the response of the theory to non-zero quark masses and chemical
potentials. We study quark number density and quark number susceptibility in
the high density limit, where the ratio of the quark mass to the corresponding
chemical potential is very small ($m/\mu\ll 1$). In this limit both number
density and susceptibility contain a $\ln(m/\mu)$ contribution at order
$\alpha_s$. We compute the scalar and pseudoscalar susceptibilities to order
$\alpha_s$ in three flavour QCD at high density taking quark masses and
chemical potentials to be degenerate and non-zero. At extremely high density,
since $\alpha_s$ is very small, both the susceptibilities are found to be same
in the chiral limit. This means that the scalar-pseudoscalar splitting is
absent in the CFL phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98882 </DOCNO>
Introduction to Coherent States and Quantum Information Theory


  The purpose of this paper is to introduce several basic theorems of coherent
states and generalized coherent states based on Lie algebras su(2) and su(1,1),
and to give some applications of them to quantum information theory for
graduate students or non--experts who are interested in both Geometry and
Quantum Information Theory. In the first half we make a general review of
coherent states and generalized coherent states based on Lie algebras su(2) and
su(1,1) from the geometric point of view and, in particular, prove that each
resolution of unity can be obtained by the curvature form of some bundle on the
parameter space. In the latter half we apply a method of generalized coherent
states to some important topics in Quantum Information Theory, in particular,
swap of coherent states and cloning of coherent ones. We construct the swap
operator of coherent states by making use of a generalized coherent operator
based on su(2) and show an "imperfect cloning" of coherent states, and moreover
present some related problems. In conclusion we state our dream, namely, a
construction of {\bf Geometric Quantum Information Theory}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126625 </DOCNO>
The Status of the STACEE Observatory


  The Solar Tower Atmospheric Cherenkov Effect Experiment (STACEE) is a
ground-based instrument designed to study astrophysical sources of gamma
radiation in the energy range of 50 to 500 GeV. STACEE uses an array of large
heliostat mirrors at the National Solar Thermal Test Facility in Albuquerque,
New Mexico, USA. The heliostats are used to collect Cherenkov light produced in
gamma-ray air showers. The light is concentrated onto an array of
photomultiplier tubes located near the top of a tower. The construction of
STACEE started in 1997 and has been completed in 2001. During the 1998-99
observing season, we used a portion of the experiment, STACEE-32, to detect
gamma-rays from the Crab Nebula. The completed version of STACEE uses 64
heliostat mirrors, having a total collection area of 2300 m^2. During the last
year, we have also installed custom electronics for pulse delay and triggering,
and 1 GHz Flash ADCs to read out the photomultiplier tubes. The commissioning
of the full STACEE instrument is underway. Preliminary observations and
simulation work indicate that STACEE will have an energy threshold below 70 GeV
and a reach for extragalactic gamma-ray sources out to redshift of ~1.0. In
this paper we describe the design and performance of STACEE.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3389 </DOCNO>
Exclusion Statistics of Composite Fermions


  The exclusion statistics parameter of composite fermions is determined as an
odd number ($\alpha=3$, 5, ...). The statistics of composite fermion
excitations at $\nu= \frac{n}{2pn+1}$ is rederived as
$\alpha_{qe}^{CF}=1+\frac{2p}{2pn+1}$, $\alpha_{qh}^{CF}=1-\frac{2p}{2pn+1}$.
The duality $\frac{1}{\alpha_{qe}(n,2p)}=\alpha_{qh}(n+1,2p)$ is found. The
distribution function for $\alpha=3$ is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41500 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Correlations of Neutral and Charged Pions in Hadronic Z


  Bose-Einstein correlations of both neutral and like-sign charged pion pairs
are measured in a sample of 2 million hadronic Z decays collected with the L3
detector at LEP. The analysis is performed in the four-momentum difference
range 300 MeV < Q < 2 GeV. The radius of the neutral pion source is found to be
smaller than that of charged pions. This result is in qualitative agreement
with the string fragmentation model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97940 </DOCNO>
A New Matrix-Tree Theorem


  The classical Matrix-Tree Theorem allows one to list the spanning trees of a
graph by monomials in the expansion of the determinant of a certain matrix. We
prove that in the case of three-graphs (that is, hypergraphs whose edges have
exactly three vertices) the spanning trees are generated by the Pfaffian of a
suitably defined matrix. This result can be interpreted topologically as an
expression for the lowest order term of the Alexander-Conway polynomial of an
algebraically split link. We also prove some algebraic properties of our
Pfaffian-tree polynomial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81391 </DOCNO>
Testing Asymptotic Scaling and Nonabelian Symmetry Enhancement


  We determine some points on the finite size scaling curve for the correlation
length in the two dimensional O(3) and icosahedron spin models. The Monte Carlo
data are consistent with the two models possessing the same continuum limit.
The data also suggest that the continuum scaling curve lies above the estimate
of Kim and of Caracciolo et al and thus leads to larger thermodynamic values of
of the correlation length than previously reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168645 </DOCNO>
On the Existence of the Quantum Action


  We have previously proposed a conjecture stating that quantum mechanical
transition amplitudes can be parametrized in terms of a quantum action. Here we
give a proof of the conjecture and establish the existance of a local quantum
action in the case of imaginary time in the Feynman-Kac limit (when temperature
goes to zero). Moreover we discuss some symmetry properties of the quantum
action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96664 </DOCNO>
The topological trace formula


  The Lefschetz formula for the action of a Hecke correspondence on the
weighted cohomology of a locally symmetric space is derived. It is also proven
that each Hecke correspondence on the reductive Borel-Serre compactification of
the locally symmetric space is weakly hyperbolic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96026 </DOCNO>
The Covariant Stark Effect


  This paper examines the Stark effect, as a first order perturbation of
manifestly covariant hydrogen-like bound states. These bound states are
solutions to a relativistic Schr\"odinger equation with invariant evolution
parameter, and represent mass eigenstates whose eigenvalues correspond to the
well-known energy spectrum of the non-relativistic theory. In analogy to the
nonrelativistic case, the off-diagonal perturbation leads to a lifting of the
degeneracy in the mass spectrum. In the covariant case, not only do the
spectral lines split, but they acquire an imaginary part which is lnear in the
applied electric field, thus revealing induced bound state decay in first order
perturbation theory. This imaginary part results from the coupling of the
external field to the non-compact boost generator. In order to recover the
conventional first order Stark splitting, we must include a scalar potential
term. This term may be understood as a fifth gauge potential, which compensates
for dependence of gauge transformations on the invariant evolution parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 35 </DOCNO>
The Physics of Electric Field Effect Thermoelectric Devices


  We describe here a novel approach to the subject of thermoelectric devices.
The current best thermoelectrics are based on heavily doped semiconductors or
semimetal alloys. We show that utilization of electric field effect or
ferroelectric field effect, not only provides a new route to this problem,
bypassing the drawbacks of conventional doping, but also offers significantly
improved thermoelectric characteristics. We present here model calculation of
the thermoelectric figure of merit in thin films of Bi and PbTe, and also
discuss several realistic device designs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96645 </DOCNO>
Universal Vassiliev invariants of links in coverings of 3-manifolds


  We study Vassiliev invariants of links in a 3-manifold $M$ by using chord
diagrams labeled by elements of the fundamental group of $M$. We construct
universal Vassiliev invariants of links in $M$, where $M=P^2\times [0,1]$ is a
cylinder over the real projective plane $P^2$, $M=\Sigma\times [0,1]$ is a
cylinder over a surface $\Sigma$ with boundary, and $M=S^1\times S^2$. A finite
covering $p:N\longrightarrow M$ induces a map $\pi_1(p)^*$ between labeled
chord diagrams that corresponds to taking the preimage $p^{-1}(L)\subset N$ of
a link $L\subset M$. The maps $p^{-1}$ and $\pi_1(p)^*$ intertwine the
constructed universal Vassiliev invariants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113552 </DOCNO>
Properties of Pt Schottky Type Contacts On High-Resistivity CdZnTe


  In this paper we present studies of the I-V characteristics of CdZnTe
detectors with Pt contacts fabricated from high-resistivity single crystals
grown by the high-pressure Brigman process. We have analyzed the experimental
I-V curves using a model that approximates the CZT detector as a system
consisting of a reversed Schottky contact in series with the bulk resistance.
Least square fits to the experimental data yield 0.78-0.79 eV for the Pt-CZT
Schottky barrier height, and <20 V for the voltage required to deplete a 2 mm
thick CZT detector. We demonstrate that at high bias the thermionic current
over the Schottky barrier, the height of which is reduced due to an interfacial
layer between the contact and CZT material, controls the leakage current of the
detectors. In many cases the dark current is not determined by the resistivity
of the bulk material, but rather the properties of the contacts; namely by the
interfacial layer between the contact and CZT material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4829 </DOCNO>
Consistent refinement of Bethe strings for spin and electron models and


  Well known Bethe strings in spin chains, delta-electron gas, Hubbard and t-J
models are shown to be imprecise, while their consisten refinement along with a
new non-Bethe r-string are discovered. Connection with the earlier results is
established and the string hypothesis problem is discussed in the light of the
present findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169500 </DOCNO>
Tomographic map within the framework of star-product quantization


  Tomograms introduced for the description of quantum states in terms of
probability distributions are shown to be related to a standard star-product
quantization with appropriate kernels. Examples of symplectic tomograms and
spin tomograms are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126608 </DOCNO>
Three-Dimensional Spectral Classification of Low-Metallicity Stars Using


  We explore the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the
estimation of atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, and [Fe/H]) for Galactic F-
and G-type stars. The ANNs are fed with medium-resolution (~ 1-2 A) non
flux-calibrated spectroscopic observations. From a sample of 279 stars with
previous high-resolution determinations of metallicity, and a set of (external)
estimates of temperature and surface gravity, our ANNs are able to predict Teff
with an accuracy of ~ 135-150 K over the range 4250 <= Teff <= 6500 K, logg
with an accuracy of ~ 0.25-0.30 dex over the range 1.0 <= logg <= 5.0 dex, and
[Fe/H] with an accuracy ~ 0.15-0.20 dex over the range -4.0 <= [Fe/H] <= +0.3.
Such accuracies are competitive with the results obtained by fine analysis of
high-resolution spectra. It is noteworthy that the ANNs are able to obtain
these results without consideration of photometric information for these stars.
We have also explored the impact of the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) on the
behavior of ANNs, and conclude that, when analyzed with ANNs trained on spectra
of commensurate S/N, it is possible to extract physical parameter estimates of
similar accuracy with stellar spectra having S/N as low as 13. Taken together,
these results indicate that the ANN approach should be of primary importance
for use in present and future large-scale spectroscopic surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169138 </DOCNO>
Comment on relationship between atomic squeezed and entangled states


  The ability of parameter recently proposed by Sorensen et al. (Nature, 409,
63 (2001)) to characterize entanglement or inseparability is investigated for a
system of two two-level atoms interacting with a single mode of radiation
field. For comparison we employ the necessary and sufficient criterion of Peres
and Horodecki for inseparability of bipartite states. We show that for diagonal
atomic density matrix the parameter of Sorensen et al. fails to show entangled
nature of collective atomic state whereas same state is inseparable in
accordance with Peres-Horodecki criterion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125214 </DOCNO>
Statistical evaluation of the observational information on $\Omega_m$


  We undertake a critical evaluation of recent observational information on
$\Omega_m$ and $\Omega_\Lambda$ in order to identify possible sources of
systematic errors and effects of simplified statistical analyses. We combine
observations for which the results have been published in the form of
likelihood contours in the $\Omega_m ,\Omega_\Lambda$ plane. We approximate the
contours by fifth order polynomials, and we then use the maximum likelihood
method to obtain joint likelihood contours for the combined data. In the choice
of statistical merits we aim at minimum loss of information rather than at
minimum variance. We find that $\Omega_0 = \Omega_m + \Omega_\Lambda = 0.99\pm
0.04 \pm 0.03$, where the first error is mainly statistical and the second
error is systematical. In a flat Universe we find $\Omega_m^{flat} = 0.31 \pm
0.04 \pm 0.04$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5047 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Structure and Phenomena


  A fairly non-technical introduction to and survey of supersymmetry
phenomenology with pedagogical emphasis, including exercises. Suitable for both
theorists and experimentalists. The manuscript appeared as a Springer-Verlag
monograph in physics. The body of the manuscript is provided here with the
publisher`s permission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169019 </DOCNO>
"Extrinsic" and "intrinsic" data in quantum measurements: asymptotic


  We study the problem of separating the data produced by a given quantum
measurement (on states from a memoryless source which is unknown except for its
average state), described by a positive operator valued measure (POVM), into a
"meaningful" (intrinsic) and a "not meaningful" (extrinsic) part. We are able
to give an asymptotically tight separation of this form, with the "intrinsic"
data quantfied by the Holevo mutual information of a certain state ensemble
associated to the POVM and the source, in a model that can be viewed as the
asymptotic version of the convex decomposition of POVMs into extremal ones.
This result is applied to a similar separation therorem for quantum instruments
and quantum operations, in their Kraus form. Finally we comment on links to
related subjects: we stress the difference between data and information (in
particular by pointing out that information typically is strictly less than
data), derive the Holevo bound from our main result, and look at its classical
case: we show that this includes the solution to the problem of
extrinsic/intrinsic data separation with a known source, then compare with the
well-known notion of sufficient statistics. The result on decomposition of
quantum operations is used to exhibit a new aspect of the concept of entropy
exchange of an open dynamics. An appendix collects several estimates for mixed
state fidelity and trace norm distance, that seem to be new, in particular a
construction of canonical purification of mixed states that turns out to be
valuable to analyze their fidelity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73585 </DOCNO>
Theoretical correction to the neutral $B^0$ meson asymmetry


  Certain types of asymmetries in neutral meson physics have not been treated
properly, ignoring the difference of normalization factors with an assumption
of the equality of total decay width. Since the corrected asymmetries in $B^0$
meson are different from known asymmetries by a shift in the first order of CP-
and CPT-violation parameters, experimental data should be analyzed with the
consideration of this effect as in $K^0$ meson physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169554 </DOCNO>
Securing quantum bit commitment through reverse quantum communication


  Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen- (EPR) and the more powerful Mayers-Lo-Chau attack
impose a serious constraint on quantum bit commitment (QBC). As a way to
circumvent them, it is proposed that the quantum system encoding the commitment
chosen by the committer (Alice) should be initially prepared in a seperable
quantum state known to and furnished by the acceptor (Bob), rather than Alice.
Classical communication is used to conclude the commitment phase and bind
Alice's subsequent unveiling. Such a class of secure protocols can be built
upon currently proposed QBC schemes impervious to a simple EPR attack. A
specific scheme based on the Brassard-Crepeau-Josza-Langlois protocol is
presented here as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128199 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton First Observation in the Pleiades


  We present the first results from a 40 ks Guaranteed Time XMM-Newton pointing
in the Pleiades. We detect almost all early-mid dM members in the field and
several very low mass (VLM) stars - including the brown dwarf (BD) candidate
Roque 9 - and investigate the variation of X-ray activity levels, hardness
ratios and flare frequency with spectral type down to the BD regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125482 </DOCNO>
Old and new tools for understanding the evolution of stars in clusters


  The uncertainties in the modelling of some important inputs of stellar
evolution must be taken into account for a correct interpretation, both of the
HR diagrams of individual stars, and of the integrated colors, of stellar
clusters. After a short discussion of Globular Cluster ages, we focus on the
problem of convection and discuss the parametrization of convection efficiency
and overshooting. Convective efficiency affects the reliability of the giants
colors, especially for high metallicity: age-metallicity relations found from
integrated colors of clusters must be regarded with caution. Non-instantaneous
mixing, both in the formal convective region and in the overshooting region
must be taken into account: this is necessary to compute nucleosynthesis in
`hot bottom burning' envelopes, but it may also affect the color distribution
in clump stars as shown here for the case of the LMC cluster NGC 1866.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4076 </DOCNO>
Some Consequences of the Generalised Uncertainty Principle: Statistical


  We study the dynamical consequences of Maggiore's unique generalised
uncertainty principle (GUP). We find that it leads naturally, and generically,
to novel consequences. In the high temperature limit, there is a drastic
reduction in the degrees of freedom, of the type found, for example, in strings
far above the Hagedorn temperature. In view of this, the present GUP may
perhaps be taken as the new version of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle,
conjectured by Atick and Witten to be responsible for such reduction. Also, the
present GUP leads naturally to varying speed of light and modified dispersion
relations. They are likely to have novel implications for cosmology and black
hole physics, a few of which we discuss qualitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124849 </DOCNO>
Rayleigh-Taylor Instabilities in Young Supernova Remnants Undergoing


  We employ hydrodynamic simulations to study the effects of high shock
compression ratios, as expected for fast shocks with efficient particle
acceleration, on the convective instability of driven waves in supernova
remnants. We find that the instability itself does not depend significantly on
the compression ratio, but because the width of the interaction region between
the forward and reverse shocks can shrink significantly with increasing shock
compression, we find that convective instabilities can reach all the way to the
forward shock front if compression ratios are high enough.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129637 </DOCNO>
Environment, Ram Pressure, and Shell Formation in HoII


  Neutral hydrogen VLA D-array observations of the dwarf irregular galaxy HoII,
a prototype galaxy for studies of shell formation, are presented. HI is
detected to radii over 16' or 4 R_25, and M_HI=6.44x10^8 M_sun. The total HI
map has a comet-like appearance suggesting that HoII is affected by ram
pressure from an intragroup medium (IGM). A rotation curve corrected for
asymmetric drift was derived and an analysis of the mass distribution yields a
total mass 6.3x10^9 M_sun, of which about 80% is dark. HoII lies northeast of
the M81 group's core, along with Kar52 (M81dwA) and UGC4483. No signs of
interaction are observed and it is argued that HoII is part of the NGC2403
subgroup, infalling towards M81. A case is made for ram pressure stripping and
an IGM in the M81 group. Stripping of the disk outer parts would require an IGM
density n_IGM>=4.0x10^-6 atoms/cm^3 at the location of HoII. This corresponds
to 1% of the virial mass of the group uniformly distributed over a volume just
enclosing HoII and is consistent with the X-ray properties of small groups. It
is argued that existing observations of HoII do not support self-propagating
star formation scenarios, whereby the HI holes and shells are created by
supernova explosions and stellar winds. Many HI holes are located in low
surface density regions of the disk, where no star formation is expected or
observed. Ram pressure has the capacity to enlarge preexisting holes and lower
their creation energies, helping to bridge the gap between the observed star
formation rate and that required to create the holes. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1402 </DOCNO>
Transport in Quantum Dots from the Integrability of the Anderson Model


  In this work we exploit the integrability of the two-lead Anderson model to
compute transport properties of a quantum dot, in and out of equilibrium. Our
method combines the properties of integrable scattering together with a
Landauer-Buttiker formalism. Although we use integrability, the nature of the
problem is such that our results are not generically exact, but must only be
considered as excellent approximations which nonetheless are valid all the way
through crossover regimes.
  The key to our approach is to identify the excitations that correspond to
scattering states and then to compute their associated scattering amplitudes.
We are able to do so both in and out of equilibrium. In equilibrium and at zero
temperature, we reproduce the Friedel sum rule for an arbitrary magnetic field.
At finite temperature, we study the linear response conductance at the
symmetric point of the Anderson model, and reproduce Costi et al.'s numerical
renormalization group computation of this quantity. We then explore the
out-of-equilibrium conductance for a near-symmetric Anderson model, and arrive
at quantitative expressions for the differential conductance, both in and out
of a magnetic field. We find the expected splitting of the differential
conductance peak into two in a finite magnetic field, $H$. We determine the
width, height, and position of these peaks. In particular we find for H >> T_k,
the Kondo temperature, the differential conductance has maxima of e^2/h
occuring for a bias V close to but smaller than H. The nature of our
construction of scattering states suggests that our results for the
differential magneto-conductance are not merely approximate but become exact in
the large field limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81077 </DOCNO>
Meson Screening Masses at high Temperature in quenched QCD with improved


  We report on a lattice investigation of improved quenched Wilson fermions
above and below the confinement-deconfinement phase transition. Results on
meson screening masses as well as spatial wave functions are presented.
Moreover, the meson dispersion relation is studied. Below the critical
temperature we do not observe any significant temperature effect while above
$T_c$ the data are consistent with a leading free quark behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169358 </DOCNO>
Efficient and robust entanglement generation in a many-particle system


  We propose and discuss a scheme for robust and efficient generation of
many-particle entanglement in an ensemble of Rydberg atoms with resonant
dipole-dipole interactions. It is shown that in the limit of complete dipole
blocking, the system is isomorphic to a multimode Jaynes-Cummings model. While
dark-state population transfer is not capable of creating entanglement, other
adiabatic processes are identified that lead to complex, maximally entangled
states, such as the N-particle analog of the GHZ state in a few steps. The
process is robust, works for even and odd particle numbers and the
characteristic time for entanglement generation scales with N^a, with a being
less than unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95792 </DOCNO>
A correction to a result of B. Maier


  In a 1985 paper, Berthold J. Maier gave necessary and sufficient conditions
for the weak embeddability of amalgams of two nilpotent groups of class two
over a common subgroup. Then he derived simpler conditions for some special
cases. One of his subsequent results is incorrect, and we provide a
counterexample. Finally, we provide a fix for the result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126445 </DOCNO>
Compact Objects and Accretion Disks


  Recent developments in the spectropolarimetric study of compact objects,
specifically black holes (stellar and massive) and neutron stars are reviewed.
The lectures are organized around five topics: disks, jets, outflows, neutron
stars and black holes. They emphasize physical mechanisms and are intended to
bridge the gap between the fundamentals of polarimetry and the phenomenology of
observed cosmic sources of polarized radiation, as covered by the other
lecturers. There has been considerable recent progress in spectropolarimetry
from radio through optical frequencies and this is producing some unique
diagnostics of the physical conditions around compact objects. It is argued
that there is a great need to develop a correspondingly sensitive polarimetric
capability at ultraviolet through gamma-ray energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168622 </DOCNO>
Four-path interference and uncertainty principle in photodetachment


  We study the quantal motion of electrons emitted by a pointlike monochromatic
isotropic source into parallel uniform electric and magnetic fields. The
two-path interference pattern in the emerging electron wave due to the electric
force is modified by the magnetic lens effect which periodically focuses the
beam into narrow filaments along the symmetry axis. There, four classical paths
interfere. With increasing electron energy, the current distribution changes
from a quantum regime governed by the uncertainty principle, to an intricate
spatial pattern that yields to a semiclassical analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148537 </DOCNO>
Non-abelian self-duality from self-interaction


  The non-abelian self-dual action in three dimensions is derived using the
self-interaction mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95880 </DOCNO>
Homotopy complex projective spaces with Pin(2)-action


  Let $M$ be a manifold homotopy equivalent to the complex projective space $\C
P^m$. Petrie conjectured that $M$ has standard total Pontrjagin class if $M$
admits a non-trivial action by $S^1$. We prove the conjecture for $m<12$ under
the assumption that the action extends to a nice $Pin(2)$-action with fixed
point. The proof involves equivariant index theory for $Spin^c$-manifolds and
Jacobi functions as well as classical results from the theory of transformation
groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75757 </DOCNO>
Density perturbations in the Ekpyrotic Universe and string-inspired


  We study density perturbations in several cosmological models motivated by
string theory. The evolution and the spectra of curvature perturbations ${\cal
R}$ are analyzed in the Ekpyrotic scenario and nonsingular string cosmologies.
We find that these string-inspired models generally exhibit blue spectra in
contrast to standard slow-roll inflationary scenarios. We also clarify the
parameter range where ${\cal R}$ is enhanced on superhorizon scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129486 </DOCNO>
The Supernova-GRB Connection


  We discuss the possible connection between supernova explosions (SN) and
gamma-ray bursters (GRB) from the perspective of our current understanding of
SN physics. Recent evidence strongly suggests that the explosion mechanism of
core collapse SN is intrinsically aspherical. Typically, a neutron star is
formed. However, the observed properties of the expanding SN envelopes remnants
make these objects very unlikely candidates for GRBs. Most candidates for a
GRB/SN connection seem to require the prompt or delayed formation of a black
hole. These include the collapse of very massive stars (e.g. hypernovae) and
'classical' SNe with a significant fallback of material over time scales of
hours to days, resulting in the collapse of the neutron star to a black hole.
We suggest the merger of a neutron star with a white dwarf as a subclass of
thermonuclear SNe and a potential candidate for a SN/GRB connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98660 </DOCNO>
The Kauffman polynomials of generalized Hopf links


  Following the recent work by Chan, and by Morton and Hadji on the Homflypt
polynomials of some generalized Hopf links, we investigate the Kauffman
polynomials of generalized Hopf links. By studying the Kauffman skein module of
the solid torus S^1\times D^2, we establish a similar skein map on the Kauffman
skein module of S^1\times D^2 which has distinct eigenvalues. Furthermore we
are able to calculate the Kauffman polynomials of some specific generalized
Hopf links.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2053 </DOCNO>
From inversion to enhancement of the Josephson current by an exchange


  We study theoretically the dc Josephson tunnel current for a junction of two
proximity S/F bilayers of a massive superconductor (S) / a thin ferromagnet (F)
separated by an insulating (I) barrier. The dependence of the critical current
on the relative orientation of the F layers magnetization is analyzed within
the microscopic theory of the proximity effect for an S/F bilayer. We
demonstrate that for the S/F-I-F/S contact critical current can reverse its
sign (\pi-state of the junction) for the parallel orientation of the F layers
magnetization, while for antiparallel alignment an enhancement of the critical
current takes place. The results provide a new effect of the interplay between
superconductivity and ferromagnetism in hybrid structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97836 </DOCNO>
Gamma sheaves on reductive groups


  The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study certain irreducible
perverse l-adic sheaves on a reductive group G over a finite field (we call
them gamma-sheaves). One can construct such a sheaf starting with (almost)
every finite-dimensional representation of the Langlands dual group. We present
conjecture connecting the above sheaves with generalized gamma-functions
introduced in our previous paper. We also conjecture that the convolution
functor with the above sheaves enjoys certain nice properties (in particular,
we compute the convolution of a gamma-sheaf with a character sheaf). We prove
the above conjectures for G of semi-simple rank 0 or 1 and (partially) for
G=GL(n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114520 </DOCNO>
High-harmonic generation and periodic level crossings: time profile and


  We investigate high-harmonic generation in closed systems, using the
two-level atom as a simplified model. By means of a windowed Fourier transform
of the time-dependent dipole acceleration, we extract the main contributions to
this process within a cycle of the driving field. We show that the patterns
obtained can be understood by establishing a parallel between the two-level
atom and the three-step model. In both models, high-harmonic generation is a
consequence of a three-step process, which involves either the continuum and
the ground state, or the adiabatic states of the two-level Hamiltonian. The
knowledge of this physical mechanism allows us to manipulate the adiabatic
states, and consequently the harmonic spectra, by means of a bichromatic
driving field. Furthermore, using scaling laws, we establish sharp criteria for
the invariance of the physical quantities involved. Consequently, our results
can be extended to a broader parameter range, as for instance those
characteristic of solid-state systems in strong fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87308 </DOCNO>
Note on Gauge Theories on M/G and the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  It is well known that a weakly coupled U(N) gauge theory on a torus with
sides of length L has extra light states with energies of order 1/NL. We show
that a similar result holds for gauge theories on M/G where M is any compact
Riemannian manifold and G is any freely acting discrete isometry group. As in
the toroidal case, this is achieved by adding a suitable nontrivial flat
connection. As one application, we consider the AdS/CFT correspondence on
spacetimes asymptotic to AdS_5/G. By considering finite size effects at nonzero
temperature, we show that consistency requires these extra light states of the
gauge theory on S^3/G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6978 </DOCNO>
Testing cosmological defect formation in the laboratory


  Topological defects such as cosmic strings may have been formed at
early-universe phase transitions. Direct tests of this idea are impossible, but
the mechanism can be elucidated by studying analogous processes in
low-temperature condensed-matter systems. Experiments on vortex formation in
superfluid helium and in superconductors have so far yielded somewhat confusing
results. I shall discuss their possible interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4727 </DOCNO>
Two Pseudogaps in the Cuprates


  Meingast, et al. suggest that in YBCO the pseudogap is associated with
preformed pairs. It is shown that in underdoped cuprates there is evidence for
two pseudogaps, and superconducting fluctions terminate at the smaller
pseudogap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1110 </DOCNO>
Effect of an inhomogeneous external magnetic field on a quantum dot


  We calculate the effect of an inhomogeneous magnetic field, which is
invariably present in an experimental environment, on the exchange energy of a
double quantum dot artificial molecule, projected to be used as a 2-qubit
quantum gate in the proposed quantum dot quantum computer. We use two different
theoretical methods to calculate the Hilbert space structure in the presence of
the inhomogeneous field: the Heitler-London method which is carried out
analytically and the molecular orbital method which is done computationally.
Within these approximations we show that the exchange energy J changes slowly
when the coupled dots are subject to a magnetic field with a wide range of
inhomogeneity, suggesting swap operations can be performed in such an
environment as long as quantum error correction is applied to account for the
Zeeman term. We also point out the quantum interference nature of this slow
variation in exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97873 </DOCNO>
Algebra structure on the Hochschild cohomology of the ring of invariants


  Let $A_n$ be the $n$-th Weyl algebra, and let
$G\subset\Sp_{2n}(\C)\subset\Aut(A_n)$ be a finite group of linear
automorphisms of $A_n$. In this paper we compute the multiplicative structure
on the Hochschild cohomology $\HH^*(A_n^G)$ of the algebra of invariants of
$G$. We prove that, as a graded algebra, $\HH^*(A_n^G)$ is isomorphic to the
graded algebra associated to the center of the group algebra $\C G$ with
respect to a filtration defined in terms of the defining representation of $G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95475 </DOCNO>
On Fractional Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics: The Fractional


  The Hamiltonian for a fractional supersymmetric oscillator is derived from
three approaches. The first one is based on a decomposition in which a Q-uon
gives rise to an ordinary boson and a k-fermion (a k-fermion being an object
interpolating between boson and fermion). The second one starts from a
generalized Weyl-Heisenberg algebra. Finally, the third one relies on the
quantum algebra Uq(sl(2)) where q is a root of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96087 </DOCNO>
On the multiplicativity conjecture for quantum channels


  A multiplicativity conjecture for quantum communication channels is
formulated, validity of which for the values of parameter $p$ close to 1 is
related to the solution of the fundamental problem of additivity of the channel
capacity in quantum information theory. The proof of the conjecture is given
for the case of natural numbers $p$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129327 </DOCNO>
Observations of the Non-Thermal X-ray Emission from the Galactic


  G347.3-0.5 (RX J1713.7-3946) is a member of the new class of shell-type
Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) that feature non-thermal components to their
X-ray emission. We have analyzed the X-ray spectrum of this SNR over a broad
energy range (0.5 to 30 keV) using archived data from observations made with
two satellites, the Roentgenstaellit (ROSAT) and the Advanced Satellite for
Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA), along with data from our own observations
made with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). Using a combination of the
models EQUIL and SRCUT to fit thermal and non-thermal emission, respectively,
from this SNR, we find evidence for a modest thermal component to G347.3-0.5's
diffuse emission with a corresponding energy of kT = 1.4 keV. We also obtain an
estimate of 70 TeV for the maximum energy of the cosmic-ray electrons that have
been accelerated by this SNR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4641 </DOCNO>
Classical simulation of noninteracting-fermion quantum circuits


  We show that a class of quantum computations that was recently shown to be
efficiently simulatable on a classical computer by Valiant corresponds to a
physical model of noninteracting fermions in one dimension. We give an
alternative proof of his result using the language of fermions and extend the
result to noninteracting fermions with arbitrary pairwise interactions, where
gates can be conditioned on outcomes of complete von Neumann measurements in
the computational basis on other fermionic modes in the circuit. This last
result is in remarkable contrast with the case of noninteracting bosons where
universal quantum computation can be achieved by allowing gates to be
conditioned on classical bits (quant-ph/0006088).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 484 </DOCNO>
Stress-induced metallic behavior under magnetic field in


  We have investigated the role of the stress-induced by the presence of the
substrate in thin films of colossal magnetoresistive manganites on structural,
resistive and magnetic properties. Because of the strong coupling between the
small structural distortions related to the charge-ordering (CO) and the
resistive properties, the presence of the substrate prevents the full
developpement of the charge ordering in Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$,
especially in the very thin films. For thicker films, the CO state exists, but
is not fully developped. Correlatively, the magnetic field which is necessary
to suppress the CO is decreased drastically from 25 Tesla to about 5 Tesla on
SrTiO$_{3}$ substrates. We have also investigated the influence of the doping
level by studying the case of Pr$_{0.6}$Ca$_{0.4}$MnO$_{3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125591 </DOCNO>
Ring Formation in Magnetically Subcritical Clouds and Multiple Star


  We study numerically the ambipolar diffusion-driven evolution of
non-rotating, magnetically subcritical, disk-like molecular clouds, assuming
axisymmetry. Previous similar studies have concentrated on the formation of
single magnetically supercritical cores at the cloud center, which collapse to
form isolated stars. We show that, for a cloud with many Jeans masses and a
relatively flat mass distribution near the center, a magnetically supercritical
ring is produced instead. The supercritical ring contains a mass well above the
Jeans limit. It is expected to break up, through both gravitational and
possibly magnetic interchange instabilities, into a number of supercritical
dense cores, whose dynamic collapse may give rise to a burst of star formation.
Non-axisymmetric calculations are needed to follow in detail the expected ring
fragmentation into multiple cores and the subsequent core evolution.
Implications of our results on multiple star formation in general and the
northwestern cluster of protostars in the Serpens molecular cloud core in
particular are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77139 </DOCNO>
Infrared Quasi Fixed Point Structure in Extended Yukawa Sectors and


  We investigate one-loop renormalization group evolutions of extended sectors
of Yukawa type couplings. It is shown that Landau Poles which usually provide
necessary low energy upper bounds that saturate quickly with increasing initial
value conditions, lead in some cases to the opposite behaviour: some of the low
energy couplings decrease and become vanishingly small for increasingly large
initial conditions. We write down the general criteria for this to happen in
typical situations, highlighting a concept of {\sl repulsive} quasi-fixed
points, and illustrate the case both within a two-Yukawa toy model as well as
in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with R-parity violation. In the
latter case we consider the theoretical upper bounds on the various couplings,
identifying regimes where $\lambda_{kl3}, \lambda'_{kkk}, \lambda''_{3kl}$ are
dynamically suppressed due to the Landau Pole. We stress the importance of
considering a large number of couplings simultaneously. This leads altogether
to a phenomenologically interesting seesaw effect in the magnitudes of the
various R-parity violating couplings, complementing and in some cases improving
the existing limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73359 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous CPT Violation in Confined QED


  Symmetry breaking induced by untwisted fermions in QED in a nonsimply
connected spacetime with topology $S^{1}\times R^{3}$ is investigated. It is
found that the discrete CPT symmetry of the theory is spontaneously broken by
the appearance of a constant vacuum expectation value of the electromagnetic
potential along the direction of space periodicity. The constant potential is
shown to be gauge nonequivalent to zero in the nonsimply connected spacetime
under consideration. Due to the symmetry breaking, one of the electromagnetic
modes of propagation is massive with a mass that depends on the inverse of the
compactification length. As a result, the system exhibits a sort of topological
directional superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128315 </DOCNO>
The Epoch of Galaxy Formation


  I present a biased review of when the epoch of formation of galaxies (both
disks and ellipticals) maybe took place. I base my arguments in simple (mostly)
analytic models that have been recently developed to reproduce most of the
observed photometric, chemical and dynamical properties of galaxies both at low
and high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125087 </DOCNO>
Space Debris Hazards from Explosions in the collinear Sun-Earth Lagrange


  The collinear Lagrange points of the Sun-Earth system provide an ideal
environment for highly sensitive space science missions. Consequently many new
missions are planed by ESA and NASA that require satellites close to these
points. For example, the SOHO spacecraft built by ESA is already installed in
the first collinear Lagrange point. Neither uncontrolled spacecraft nor escape
motors will stay close to the Lagrange points for a long time. In case an
operational satellite explodes, the fragmentation process will take place close
to the Lagrange point. Apparently a number of spacecraft will accumulate close
to the Lagrange points over the next decades. We investigate the space debris
hazard posed by these spacecraft if they explode and fall back to an Earth
orbit. From our simulation we find that, as expected, about half of the
fragments drift towards the Earth while the other half drifts away from it.
Around 2% of the simulated fragments even impact the Earth within one year
after the explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72836 </DOCNO>
Mixing of the CP Even and the CP Odd Higgs Bosons and the EDM


  The mixing among the CP even and the CP odd neutral Higgs bosons of MSSM by
one loop induced effects in the presence of CP phases is investigated using
three different mechanisms to satisfy the EDM constraints, i.e., a fine tuning
of phases, a heavy sparticle spectrum, and the cancellation mechanism. It is
shown that if a mixing effect among the CP even and the CP odd Higgs bosons is
observed experimentally, then it is only the cancellation mechanism that can
survive under the naturalness constraint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6328 </DOCNO>
Coupled CDW and SDW Fluctuations as an Origin of Anomalous Properties of


  It is shown that anomalous properties of UGe_2 can be understood in a unified
way on the basis of a single assumption that the superconductivity is mediated
by the coupled SDW and CDW fluctuations induced by the imperfect nesting of the
Fermi surface with majority spins at T=T_x(P) deep in the ferromagnetic phase.
Excess growth of uniform magnetization is shown to develop in the temperature
range T<T_x(P) as a mode-coupling effect of coupled growth of SDW and CDW
orderings, which has been observed by two different types of experiments. The
coupled CDW and SDW fluctuations are shown to be essentially ferromagnetic spin
fluctuations which induce a spin-triplet p-wave attraction. These fluctuations
consist of two modes, spin and charge fluctuations with large momentum transfer
of the nesting vector. An anomalous temperature dependence of the upper
critical field H_c2(T) such as crossing of H_c2(T) at P=11.4 kbar and P=13.5
kbar, can be understood by the strong-coupling-superconductivity formalism.
Temperature dependence of the lattice specific heat including a large shoulder
near T_x is also explained quite well as an effect of a kind of Kohn anomaly
associated with coupled SDW-CDW transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113797 </DOCNO>
Potential Harmonic Calculations of Helium Triplet States


  The hyperspherical harmonics (HH) provide a complete basis for the expansion
of atomic wave functions, but even for two particles the number of harmonics
for a given order is not trivial and, as the number of electrons increases,
this degeneracy becomes absolutely prohibitive. We modify the method by
selecting a subset of the basis that, we feel, will yield the physically most
important part of the wave function, and test the idea on simple systems.
 In a previous work (with M. Haftel) of the singlet ground and first excited
states of the helium atom we found that the error in the binding energy of the
ground state was of the order of 1 part in 10,000 and that it decreased for the
first excited state.
  We now have applied our method to the equivalent triplet states. We report on
this work, and our results, and hope to draw attention to the interesting
accuracy that we obtain with the relatively simple wave functions of our
formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149735 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Brane-Antibrane Configurations


  We find a class of flat supersymmetric brane-antibrane configurations. They
follow from ordinary brane-antibrane systems by turning on a specific
worldvolume background electric field, which corresponds to dissolved
fundamental strings. We have clarified in detail how they arise and identified
their constituent charges as well as the corresponding supergravity solutions.
Adopting the matrix theory description, we construct the worldvolume gauge
theories and prove the absence of any tachyonic degrees. We also study
supersymmetric solitons of the worldvolume theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96255 </DOCNO>
An algebraic proof of Iitaka's Conjecture C_{2,1}


  We give a proof of Iitaka's Conjecture C_{2,1} using only elementary methods
from algebraic geometry. The main point is that, given a non-isotrivial and
relatively minimal family f : X \to B, where X is a surface and B is a curve,
both smooth and projective, we show that the direct image of the relatively
canonical sheaf has strictly positive degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3433 </DOCNO>
The spectrum of boundary states in sine-Gordon model with integrable


  The bound state spectrum and the associated reflection factors are determined
for the sine-Gordon model with arbitrary integrable boundary condition by
closing the bootstrap. Comparing the symmetries of the bound state spectrum
with that of the Lagrangian it is shown how one can "derive" the relationship
between the UV and IR parameters conjectured earlier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75742 </DOCNO>
The (11112) model on a 1+1 dimensional lattice


  We study the chiral gauge model (11112) of four left-movers and one
right-mover with strong interactions in the 1+1 dimensional lattice. Exact
computations of relevant $S$-matrix elements demonstrate a loophole that so
constructed model and its dynamics can possibly evade the ``no-go'' theorem of
Nielsen and Ninomiya.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127978 </DOCNO>
Value of the Cosmological Constant in the Cosmological Relativity Theory


  It is shown that the cosmological relativity theory prdicts the value Lambda
= 1.934 x 10^-35 s^-2 for the cosmological constant. This value of Lambda is in
exellent agreement with the measurements recently obtained by the High-Z
Supernova Team and the Supernova Cosmology Project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98920 </DOCNO>
Orbifold quantum cohomology of the classifying space of a finite group


  We work through, in detail, the orbifold quantum cohomology of the stack BG,
the point modulo trivial action of a finite group G. We provide a simple
description of algebraic structures on the state space of this theory. As a
consequence, we find that multiple copies of commuting Virasoro algebras appear
in this theory which completely determine the correlators of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129527 </DOCNO>
Parameterised models for the lensing cluster Abell 1689


  Here we apply a recently developed maximum likelihood method for determining
best-fit parameterised lens models to observations of the rich lensing cluster
Abell 1689. The observations that we use were taken with the ESO/MPG Wide Field
Imager. The wide field-of-view enables us to use the weakly lensed images of
faint background objects on an unsurpassed range of scales,
0.12Mpc/h<R<1.8Mpc/h from the cluster centre, to determine best-fit models for
the 1-parameter singular isothermal sphere (SIS), 2-parameter general power-law
and NFW models, and 3-parameter singular isothermal ellipsoid (SIE). The
best-fit SIS has an Einstein radius of 0.37arcmin (0.043Mpc/h) i.e. a velocity
dispersion of 1028(+35,-42)km/s in an Omega=1.0, Lambda=0.0 cosmology. For the
best-fit NFW profile, the virial radius r_200=1.14Mpc/h and the concentration
parameter c=4.7, giving a virial mass M_200=5.7x10**14 M_solar/h. At q=0.88,
the slope of the best-fit power-law model is slightly flatter than isothermal
(q=1.0), indicating that the galaxies most important in the fitting procedure
lie inside the scale radius r_s. By fitting an SIE, the deviation of the
projected mass distribution from circular symmetry is evident, with a best-fit
axial ratio f=0.74.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87008 </DOCNO>
A State Sum Model for (2+1) Lorentzian Quantum Gravity


  A state sum model based on the group SU(1,1) is defined. Investigations of
its geometry and asymptotics suggest it is a good candidate for modelling (2+1)
Lorentzian quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127303 </DOCNO>
The SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey. Paper III: Astrometry


  In this, the third in a series of three papers concerning the SuperCOSMOS Sky
Survey, we describe the astrometric properties of the database. We describe the
algorithms employed in the derivation of the astrometric parameters of the
data, and demonstrate their accuracies by comparison with external datasets
using the first release of data, the South Galactic Cap survey. We show that
the celestial coordinates, which are tied to the International Celestial
Reference Frame via the Tycho-2 reference catalogue, are accurate to better
than +/- 0.2 arcsec at J,R=19,18 rising to +/- 0.3 arcsec at J,R=22,21 with
positional dependent systematic effects from bright to faint magnitudes at the
+/- 0.1 arcsec level. The proper motion measurements are shown to be accurate
to typically +/- 10 mas/yr at J,R=19,18 rising to +/- 50 mas/yr at J,R=22,21
and are tied to zero using the extragalactic reference frame. We show that the
zeropoint errors in the proper motions are < 1 mas/yr for R > 17 and are no
larger than 10 mas/yr for R < 17 mas/yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72638 </DOCNO>
Single superparticle production via $\gamma\gamma$ collision with


  We study the single production of scalar neutrinos or charginos via
$\gamma\gamma$ collision in an R-parity ($R_{p}$) violating supersymmetric
model. It may be possible to detect a sneutrino or a chargino at a Linear
Collider (LC) in $\gamma \gamma$ operation mode, as a test of supersymmetry and
$R_p$-violation. Because of the clean background in LC, stringent constraints
on $R_p$ violating parameters can be obtained even if the process cannot be
observed at the future Linear Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5129 </DOCNO>
Matrix element effects in angle-resolved photoemission from Bi2212:


  We have carried out extensive simulations of the angle-resolved photoemission
(ARPES) intensity in Bi2212 within the one-step and three-step type models
using a first-principles band theory framework. The focus is on understanding
the behavior of emissions from the antibonding and bonding bands arising from
the $CuO_2$ bilayers around the $\overline{M}(\pi,0)$ symmetry point. The
specific issues addressed include: Dependencies of the photointensity on the
energy and polarization of the incident light; character of the initial and
final states involved as well as the spectrum of the relevant final states;
and, changes in the spectral intensity as a function of the perpendicular
component, $k_\perp$, of the momentum of the photoelectron. Considerable
insight into the nature of individual transitions is adduced by examining the
momentum matrix element for bulk transitions within the solid and by further
decomposing this matrix element into contributions from various atomic sites
and angular momentum channels. These results indicate that, via remarkable
interference effects, the ARPES matrix element can in particular cases help
zoom in on the properties of electrons excited from specific sites and/or
angular momentum channels even in a complex material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124236 </DOCNO>
A One-sided, Highly Relativistic Jet from Cygnus X-3


  Very Long Baseline Array images of the X-ray binary, Cygnus X-3, were
obtained 2, 4 and 7 days after the peak of a 10 Jy flare on 4 February 1997.
The first two images show a curved one-sided jet, the third a scatter-broadened
disc, presumably at the position of the core. The jet curvature changes from
the first to the second epoch, which strongly suggests a precessing jet. The
ratio of the flux density in the approaching to that in the (undetected)
receding jet is > 330; if this asymmetry is due to Doppler boosting, the
implied jet speed is > 0.81c. Precessing jet model fits, together with the
assumptions that the jet is intrinsically symmetric and was ejected during or
after the major flare, yield the following constraints: the jet inclination to
the line of sight must be < 14 degrees; the cone opening angle must be < 12
degrees; and the precession period must be > 60 days.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73870 </DOCNO>
Experimental limits on the proton life-time from the neutrino


  Experimental data on the number of neutrons born in the heavy water targets
of the large neutrino detectors are used to set the limit on the proton
life-time independently on decay mode through the reaction d -> n+?. The best
up-to-date limit tau_p > 4 10^23 yr with 95% C.L. is derived from the
measurements with D_2O target (mass 267 kg) installed near the Bugey reactor.
This value can be improved by six orders of magnitude with future data
accumulated with the SNO detector containing 1000 t of D_2O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76538 </DOCNO>
Hard QCD: some results


  I recall some points on the present status of QCD results in the short
distance regions and illustrate the case of event shape in QCD radiation

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73518 </DOCNO>
Regeneration of Anti-Protons in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions


  The production and annihilation of antiprotons in the hadronic phase of
heavy-ion collisions is evaluated within a thermal equilibrium approach. It is
shown that the inverse reaction of $p\bar p$ annihilation (i.e., multi-pion
annihilation $N_\pi \pi\to p\bar p$ with $N_\pi\simeq$~5-7) in connection with
oversaturation of pion phase space (i.e., finite pion chemical potentials)
plays an important role in understanding the observed antiproton yields at SpS
energies within the standard picture of subsequent chemical and thermal
freezeout. Implications for RHIC energies are also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127131 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations on the Galactic Center Region


  This paper reports on the early Chandra view of the Galactic center (GC)
activities. The massive black hole Sgr A* is extremely faint, while more bright
diffuse X-ray emission is prevailing in the circumnuclear disk. Another high
temperature plasma is found in the Sgr A East shell. This may indicate that Sgr
A East is a supernova remnant, although no clear X-ray shell is found. A hint
of non-thermal X-ray filaments is found, suggesting the presence of an
acceleration site of extremely high-energy cosmic rays. The giant molecular
cloud Sgr B2 is established to be an X-ray reflection nebula, possibly arising
from the past Sgr A activities. Chandra further discovered high temperature
shells, suggesting multiple supernova explosions near the GC region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72850 </DOCNO>
QCD and Multiparticle Production - The Status of the Perturbative


  I discuss recent developments in the QCD cascade formalism. I focus on the
importance of and uncertainties in higher order corrections to the Modified
Leading Log approximation for final-state radiation. I also talk about the CCFM
and LDC evolution equations for initial-state radiation in DIS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124286 </DOCNO>
The disc instability model of dwarf-novae and low-mass X-ray binary


  The disc instability model which is supposed to describe outbursts of dwarf
nova and low-mass X-ray binary transient systems is presented and reviewed in
detail. Various deficiencies of the model are pointed out and various remedies
and generalizations are presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127818 </DOCNO>
Infrared Mass-to-Light Profile Throughout the Infall Region of the Coma


  Using a redshift survey of 1779 galaxies and photometry from the 2-Micron
All-Sky Survey (2MASS) covering 200 square degrees, we calculate independent
mass and light profiles for the infall region of the Coma cluster of galaxies.
The redshift survey is complete to $K_s=12.2$ (622 galaxies), 1.2 magnitudes
fainter than $M^*_{K_s}$ at the distance of Coma. We confirm the mass profile
obtained by Geller, Diaferio, & Kurtz. The enclosed mass-to-light ratio
measured in the $K_s$ band is approximately constant to a radius of $10 \Mpc$,
where $M/L_{K_s}= 75\pm 23\mlsun$, in agreement with weak lensing results on
similar scales. Within $2.5\Mpc$, X-ray estimates yield similar mass-to-light
ratios (67$\pm32h$). The constant enclosed mass-to-light ratio with radius
suggests that K-band light from bright galaxies in clusters traces the total
mass on scales $\lesssim10 \Mpc$. Uncertainties in the mass profile imply that
the mass-to-light ratio inside $r_{200}$ may be as much as a factor of 2.5
larger than that outside $r_{200}$. These data demonstrate that K-band light is
not positively biased with respect to the mass; we cannot rule out antibias.
These results imply $\Omega_m = 0.17 \pm 0.05$. Estimates of possible
variations in $M/L_{K_s}$ with radius suggest that the density parameter is no
smaller than $\Omega_m \approx 0.08$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7035 </DOCNO>
Interlayer Exchange Coupling in M/N/M Multilayer


  The interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) of two local moment ferromagnetic
layers separated by a non-magnetic spacer layer (M/N/M multilayer) is studied
using the modified RKKY method along with the s-f model. The IEC exhibits
oscillatory behaviour with respect to the spacer layer thickness and it
oscillates between ferro- and antiferromagnetic configurations. The
conventional RKKY method is also used to obtain the IEC and the results are
compared with those obtained from the modified RKKY method which incorporates
the electron correlation effects. We find significant correlation effects on
the IEC and in fact the correlations alter the nature and magnitude of the
magnetic coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6799 </DOCNO>
Aging Induced Multifractality


  We show that the dynamic approach to L\'{e}vy statistics is characterized by
aging and multifractality, induced by an ultra-slow transition to anomalous
scaling. We argue that these aspects make it a protoptype of complex systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73205 </DOCNO>
The quark condensate from K_{e_4} decays


  We show that, independently of the size of the quark condensate, chiral
symmetry correlates the two S-wave \pi\pi scattering lengths. In view of this
constraint, the new precision data on K_{e_4} decay allow a remarkably accurate
determination of these quantities. The result confirms the hypothesis that the
quark condensate is the leading order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6265 </DOCNO>
Dephasing in a quantum pump


  We study how dephasing affects the distribution of the dc current pumped
through a chaotic quantum dot. We introduce dephasing by the addition of a
voltage probe to the quantum dot, treating both the case of controlled
dephasing (when the voltage probe is coupled to the dot via a ballistic point
contact with a conductance that is increased stepwise) and intrinsic dephasing
(for which the voltage probe serves as a phenomelogical model). While dephasing
eventually suppresses the dc current through the dot, we also find that, for a
quantum dot with single-mode point contacts, a small amount of dephasing
actually decreases the likelihood of a zero pumped current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125443 </DOCNO>
Proper Motion of Water Masers Near NGC1333-SVS13


  VLBA observations of water masers toward the region of NGC1333 near SVS13,
the driving source for the well-known Herbig-Haro objects HH7-11, are reported.
Maser emission was observed over four epochs spaced by three weeks during late
1998. SVS13 is associated with the millimeter continuum SED Class I source
SSV13A1. High resolution CO observations have secured the association of the
flow with the continuum object on arc-second scales. A 1998 Aug 12 VLA
observation places the blueshifted masers within 80 AU (0''.2) of the 2.7 mm
position for A1 reported from BIMA. We report observations of two groups of
masers, one redshifted by about 6 km s-1 and one blueshifted by about 2-3 km
s-1, separated by about 100 AU in projected distance along position angle 21
degrees. Redshifted masers were present only in the latter two epochs. During
all epochs, an arclike structure was present with similar morphology; over time
this structure moved relative to the southernmost blue maser toward the
southeast, roughly along the position angle defined by the Herbig-Haro objects,
with a proper motion of about 13 km s-1. Both redshifted and blueshifted masers
are clearly part of the same lobe of the flow; their observed Doppler shifts
are artifacts of the opening angle of the flow. Our data suggest that the
opening angle is about 10 degrees. We measure lower expansion velocities and a
wider opening angle than has been found in some other flows near Class 0 SED
objects, perhaps indicating that the flows open and slow as they age.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5461 </DOCNO>
Low-energy scales and temperature-dependent photoemission of heavy


  We solve the $S=1/2$ Kondo lattice model within the dynamical mean field
theory. Detailed predictions are made for the dependence of the lattice Kondo
resonance and the conduction electron spectral density on temperature and band
filling $n_{c}$. Two low-energy scales are identified in the spectra: a
renormalized hybridization pseudogap scale $T^{*}$, which correlates with the
single-ion Kondo scale, and a lattice Kondo scale $T_{0} < T^{*}$, which acts
as the Fermi-liquid coherence scale. The lattice Kondo resonance is split into
a main branch, which is pinned at the Fermi level, and whose width is set by
$T_{0}$, and an upper branch at $\omega\approx T^{*}$. The weight of the upper
branch decreases rapidly away from $n_{c}=1$ and vanishes for $n_{c}\lesssim
0.7$. In contrast, the pseudogap in the conduction electron spectral density
persists for all $n_{c}$. On increasing temperature, the lattice Kondo
resonance at the Fermi level vanishes on a temperature scale of order $10
T_{0}$, as in impurity model calculations. In contrast to impurity model
spectra, however, the position of the lattice Kondo resonance depends strongly
on temperature, particularly close to the Kondo insulating state. The results
are used to make predictions on the temperature dependence of the low-energy
photoemission and inverse photoemission spectra of metallic heavy fermions and
doped Kondo insulators. We compare our results with available high-resolution
measurements on YbInCu$_4$ and YbAgCu$_4$. The loss in intensity with
increasing temperature, and the asymmetric lineshape of the low-energy spectra
are well accounted for by our model. More detailed agreement with experiment
would require including the $f$-orbital degeneracy and crystal-field excited
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4929 </DOCNO>
Theory of itinerant-electron ferromagnetism


  A theory of Kondo lattices or a $1/d$ expansion theory, with $d$ spatial
dimensionality, is applied to studying itinerant-electron ferromagnetism. Two
relevant multi-band models are examined: a band-edge model where the chemical
potential is at one of band-edges, the top or bottom of bands, and a flat-band
model where one of bands is almost flat or dispersionless and the chemical
potential is at the flat band. In both the models, a novel ferromagnetic
exchange interaction arises from the virtual exchange of pair excitations of
quasiparticles; it has two novel properties such as its strength is in
proportion to the effective Fermi energy of quasiparticles and its temperature
dependence is responsible for the Curie-Weiss law. When the Hund coupling $J$
is strong enough, the superexchange interaction, which arises from the virtual
exchange of pair excitations of electrons across the Mott-Hubbard gap, is
ferromagnetic. In particular, it is definitely ferromagnetic for any nonzero
$J>0$ in the large limit of band multiplicity. Ferromagnetic instability
occurs, when the sum of the two exchange interactions is ferromagnetic and it
overcomes the quenching of magnetic moments by the Kondo effect or local
quantum spin fluctuations and the suppression of magnetic instability by the
mode-mode coupling among intersite spin fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127293 </DOCNO>
Vortex Unpinning in Precessing Neutron Stars


  The neutron vortices thought to exist in the inner crust of a neutron star
interact with nuclei and are expected to pin to the nuclear lattice. Evidence
for long-period precession in pulsars, however, requires that pinning be
negligible. We estimate the strength of vortex pinning and show that
hydrodynamic forces present in a precessing star are likely sufficient to unpin
all of the vortices of the inner crust. In the absence of precession, however,
vortices could pin to the lattice with sufficient strength to explain the giant
glitches observed in many radio pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41593 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Purity Probes H1 Liquid Argon Calorimeter


  The sensitivity of our liquid argon purity measurement -around 0.03%- leads
us to refine the tools used classically in this field. First we introduce an
analytical form describing the spectrum of a 207Bi source for different values
of purity and ionisation chamber gap. Second we analyse a surprising new
effect: the variation of the ionisation yield of this source with the liquid
argon temperature. Third we use our data to refine the charge collection models
which relate electron recombination and attachment cross-sections to the
electrical field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95871 </DOCNO>
The virtual Poincare polynomials of homogeneous spaces


  We factor the virtual Poincare polynomial of every homogeneous space G/H,
where G is a complex connected linear algebraic group and H is an algebraic
subgroup, as $t^{2u} (t^2-1)^r Q_{G/H}(t^2)$ for a polynomial $Q_{G/H}$ with
non-negative integer coefficients. Moreover, we show that $Q_{G/H}(t^2)$
divides the virtual Poincar\'e polynomial of every regular embedding of G/H, if
H is connected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5370 </DOCNO>
Can Short-Range Interactions Mediate a Bose Metal Phase in 2D?


  We show here based on a 1-loop scaling analysis that short-range interactions
are strongly irrelevant perturbations near the insulator-superconductor (IST)
quantum critical point. The lack of any proof that short-range interactions
mediate physics which is present only in strong coupling leads us to conclude
that short-range interactions are strictly irrelevant near the IST quantum
critical point. Hence, we argue that no new physics, such as the formation of a
uniform Bose metal phase can arise from an interplay between on-site and
nearest-neighbour interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73040 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Violating Era of Neutrino Physics


  The physics agenda for future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments
is outlined and the prospects for accomplishing those goals at future neutrino
facilities are considered. Neutrino factories can deliver better reach in the
mixing and mass-squared parameters but conventional super-beams with large
water or liquid argon detectors can probe regions of the parameter space that
could prove to be interesting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127454 </DOCNO>
The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: SIRTF Legacy Science


  We will utilize the sensitivity of SIRTF through the Legacy Science Program
to carry out spectrophotometric observations of solar-type stars aimed at (1)
defining the timescales over which terrestrial and gas giant planets are built,
from measurements diagnostic of dust/gas masses and radial distributions; and
(2) establishing the diversity of planetary architectures and the frequency of
planetesimal collisions as a function of time through observations of
circumstellar debris disks. Together, these observations will provide an
astronomical context for understanding whether our solar system - and its
habitable planet - is a common or a rare circumstance. Achieving our science
goals requires measuring precise spectral energy distributions for a
statistically robust sample capable of revealing evolutionary trends and the
diversity of system outcomes. Our targets have been selected from two carefully
assembled databases of solar-like stars: (1) a sample located within 50 pc of
the Sun spanning an age range from 100-3000 Myr for which a rich set of
ancillary measurements (e.g. metallicity, stellar activity, kinematics) are
available; and (2) a selection located between 15 and 180 pc and spanning ages
from 3 to 100 Myr. For stars at these distances SIRTF is capable of detecting
stellar photospheres with SNR >30 at lambda < 24 microns for our entire sample,
as well as achieving SNR >5 at the photospheric limit for over 50% of our
sample at lambda=70 microns. Thus we will provide a complete census of stars
with excess emission down to the level produced by the dust in our present-day
solar system. More information concerning our program can be found at:
http://gould.as.arizona.edu/feps

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128688 </DOCNO>
Polarized Microwave Emission from Dust


  Polarized emission from dust is an important foreground that can hinder the
progress in polarized CMB studies unless carefully accounted for. We discuss
potential difficulties associated with the dust foreground, namely, the
existence of different grain populations with very different
emission/polarization properties and variations of the polarization yield with
grain temperature. In this context we appeal for systematic studies of
polarized dust emission as the means of dealing with this foreground.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74019 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the Chiral Symmetry Restoration Transition on the Quark


  The dependence of the dressed quark propagator on the quark chemical
potential is investigated in various models based on the Dyson-Schwinger
equations. We find that the critical chemical potential of the chiral symmetry
restoration transition is strongly dependent on the nature of the interaction
kernel in the infrared region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76694 </DOCNO>
$\tau$ magnetic moment in a $\gamma \gamma$ collider


  We analyze different observables to study the magnetic dipole moment of the
tau pairs produced by photon linear colliders. We use the circular polarized
photon beam and study distributions of polarized $\tau$ final pairs to define
sensibly asymmetries to magnetic dipole moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128060 </DOCNO>
Observations of H3+ in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium


  Surprisingly large column densities of H3+ have been detected using infrared
absorption spectroscopy in seven diffuse cloud sightlines (Cygnus OB2 12,
Cygnus OB2 5, HD 183143, HD 20041, WR 104, WR 118, and WR 121), demonstrating
that H3+ is ubiquitous in the diffuse interstellar medium. Using the standard
model of diffuse cloud chemistry, our H3+ column densities imply unreasonably
long path lengths (~1 kpc) and low densities (~3 cm^-3). Complimentary
millimeter-wave, infrared, and visible observations of related species suggest
that the chemical model is incorrect and that the number density of H3+ must be
increased by one to two orders of magnitude. Possible solutions include a
reduced electron fraction, an enhanced rate of H2 ionization, and/or a smaller
value of the H3+ dissociative recombination rate constant than implied by
laboratory experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114078 </DOCNO>
A Theory for the Cosmological Constant and its Explanation of the


  This paper continues the development of a discrete space-time concept that is
recently used in the explanation of the cosmological constant. Instead of order
estimation, a more theoretical treatment of the theory is introduced. Based on
the discrete space-time hypothesis, we find that the electroweak theory and
General Relativity can be combined into a single theory. An analytical form of
the cosmological constant can be found and the weakness problem of the
gravitational constant can also be explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169243 </DOCNO>
A new dynamical group approach to the modified Poschl-Teller potential


  The properties of the modified P\"{o}schl-Teller (MPT) potential are
outlined. The ladder operators are constructed directly from the wave functions
without introducing any auxiliary variable. It is shown that these operators
are associated to the $su(2)$ algebra. Analytical expressions for the functions
$\sinh(\alpha x)$ and $\frac{\cosh(\alpha x)}{\alpha} \frac{d}{dx}$ are
evaluated from these ladder operators. The expansions of the coordinate $x$ and
momentum $\hat p$ in terms of the $su(2)$ generators are presented. This
analysis allows to establish an exact quantum-mechanical connection between the
$su(2)$ vibron model and the traditional descriptions of molecular vibron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98291 </DOCNO>
On a conjecture of Cox and Katz


  This note shows that a certain toric quotient of the quintic Calabi-Yau
threefold in projective four-space provides a counterexample to a recent
conjecture of Cox and Katz concerning nef cones of toric hypersurfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96860 </DOCNO>
Explicit Solutions to the Additive Deligne-Simpson Problem and Their


  In this paper we construct three complex matrices B, C, and A=B+C of special
spectral types associated to C. Simpson's classification in his paper
``Products of Matrices''. This enables us to construct (Fuchsian) systems of
differential equations which generalize the hypergeometric equation of
Gauss-Riemann. We also construct a scalar product such that A, B, and C are
self-adjoint with respect to it. In the context of Fuchsian systems, this
scalar product becomes a monodromy invariant complex symmetric bilinear form in
the space of solutions.
 When the eigenvalues of A, B, and C are real, the matrices and the scalar
product become real as well. We find inequalities on the eigenvalues of A, B,
and C which make the scalar product positive-definite.
 As proved by A. Klyachko, the spectra of three hermitian (or real symmetric)
matrices B, C, and A=B+C form a polyhedral convex cone in the space of triple
spectra. He also gave a recursive algorithm to generate inequalities describing
the cone. The inequalities we obtain describe non-recursively some faces of the
Klyachko cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97615 </DOCNO>
A connectedness property of algebraic moment maps


  Let a connected reductive group G act on the smooth connected variety X. The
cotangent bundle of X is a Hamiltonian G-variety. We show that its "total
moment map" has connected fibers.
  This is an expanded version of section 6 of my paper dg-ga/9712010 on Weyl
groups of Hamiltonian manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149285 </DOCNO>
Superfield Effective Action in the Noncommutative Wess-Zumino Model


  We introduce the concept of superfield effective action in noncommutative N=1
supersymmetric field theories containing chiral superfields. One and two loops
low-energy contributions to the effective action are found for the
noncommutative Wess-Zumino model. The one loop Kahlerian effective potential
coincides with its commutative counterpart. We show that the two loops
nonplanar contributions to the Kahlerian effective potential are leading in the
case of small noncommutativity. The structure of the leading chiral corrections
to the effective action and the behaviour of the chiral effective potential in
the limit of large noncommutativity are also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124724 </DOCNO>
Bulk viscosity in superfluid neutron star cores. II. Modified Urca


  We study the bulk viscosity in neutron star cores due to modified Urca
processes involving nucleons, electrons and muons and analize its reduction by
singlet-state or triplet-state superfluidity of nucleons. In combination with
the results of our previous paper on the bulk viscosity due to direct Urca
processes, a realistic description of the bulk viscosity in superfluid neutron
star cores is obtained. Switching off direct Urca processes with decreasing
density in a nonsuperfluid matter lowers the bulk viscosity by 3-5 orders of
magnitude. The presense of muons opens additional source of bulk viscosity due
to muon Urca processes and lowers the threshold density of the electron direct
Urca process. The superfluidity may strongly reduce the bulk viscosity and
affect thus damping of neutron star vibrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113740 </DOCNO>
Standard and Hyperfinite Unifications for All Physical Theories


  In this paper, the set of all physical theories is represented by a countable
subset of the lattice of consequence operators defined on a language L. It is
established that there exists a unifying injection U defined on the set of
significant representations for natural-systems M. If W is a member of M, then
U selects an ultralogic C such that C(*W) restricted to L is a unification for
the set of all physical theories as each is applied to W. There also exists a
standard injection S that for each W in M selects a standard unifying
consequence operator D, where C(*W) is a subset of *D(*W). It is also shown how
to use these unifying operators and obtain a product operator that has the same
effect but, in a practical sense, this operator is applied to every
natural-system within our universe simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72952 </DOCNO>
Verifying the Kugo-Ojima Confinement Criterion in Landau Gauge


  Expanding the Landau gauge gluon and ghost two-point functions in a power
series we investigate their infrared behavior. The corresponding powers are
constrained through the ghost Dyson-Schwinger equation by exploiting
multiplicative renormalizability. Without recourse to any specific truncation
we demonstrate that the infrared powers of the gluon and ghost propagators are
uniquely related to each other. Constraints for these powers are derived, and
the resulting infrared enhancement of the ghost propagator signals that the
Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion is fulfilled in Landau gauge Yang-Mills
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1475 </DOCNO>
Free Levy Matrices and Financial Correlations


  We consider a covariance matrix composed of asymmetric and free random Levy
matrices. We use the results of free random variables to derive an algebraic
equation for the resolvent and solve it to extract the spectral density. For an
appropriate choice of asymmetry and Levy index ($\alpha/2=3/4$) the free
eigenvalue spectrum is in remarkable agreement with the one obtained from the
covariance matrix of the SP500 financial market. Our results are of interest to
a number of stochastic systems with power law noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86614 </DOCNO>
On boundary terms and conformal transformations in curved space-times


  We intend to clarify the interplay between boundary terms and conformal
transformations in scalar-tensor theories of gravity. We first consider the
action for pure gravity in five dimensions and show that, on compactifing a la
Kaluza-Klein to four dimensions, one obtains the correct boundary terms in the
Jordan (or String) Frame form of the Brans-Dicke action. Further, we analyze
how the boundary terms change under the conformal transformations which lead to
the Pauli (or Einstein) frame and to the non-minimally coupled massless scalar
field. In particular, we study the behaviour of the total energy in
asymptotically flat space-times as it results from surface terms in the
Hamiltonian formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2838 </DOCNO>
Learning curves for Gaussian process regression: Approximations and


  We consider the problem of calculating learning curves (i.e., average
generalization performance) of Gaussian processes used for regression. On the
basis of a simple expression for the generalization error, in terms of the
eigenvalue decomposition of the covariance function, we derive a number of
approximation schemes. We identify where these become exact, and compare with
existing bounds on learning curves; the new approximations, which can be used
for any input space dimension, generally get substantially closer to the truth.
We also study possible improvements to our approximations. Finally, we use a
simple exactly solvable learning scenario to show that there are limits of
principle on the quality of approximations and bounds expressible solely in
terms of the eigenvalue spectrum of the covariance function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40901 </DOCNO>
B Mixing and Lifetime Measurements with the BaBar Detector


  Recent BaBar measurements on lifetime and mixing of B mesons are reported.
Various techniques are used, ranging from the full reconstruction of hadronic B
decays, to partial reconstruction techniques, and to a totally inclusive
approach with dilepton events. The results presented are based on a data sample
collected by BaBar during the 1999-2000 data taking, and should be considered
as preliminary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123783 </DOCNO>
A critical appraisal of the SED fitting method to estimate photometric


  We discuss the stability of the photometric redshift estimate obtained with
the SED fitting method with respect to the choice of the galaxy templates.
Within the observational uncertainty and photometric errors, we find
satisfactory agreement among different sets of theoretical and empirical
templates using the Hubble Deep Field North as a target galaxy sample. Our
results suggest that, especially at high redshift, the description of the
physical processes of photon absorption in the interstellar and intergalactic
medium plays a dominant role in the redshift estimate. The specific choice of
the template set, as long as this includes both normal and starburst galaxies,
is in comparison a minor issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169073 </DOCNO>
Casimir force under the influence of real conditions


  The Casimir force is calculated analytically for configurations of two
parallel plates and a spherical lens (sphere) above a plate with account of
nonzero temperature, finite conductivity of the boundary metal and surface
roughness. The permittivity of the metal is described by the plasma model. It
is proved that in case of the plasma model the scattering formalism of quantum
field theory in Matsubara formulation underlying Lifshitz formula is well
defined and no modifications are needed concerning the zero-frequency
contribution. The temperature correction to the Casimir force is found
completely with respect to temperature and perturbatively (up to the second
order in the relative penetration depth of electromagnetic zero-point
oscillations into the metal) with respect to finite conductivity. The
asymptotics of low and high temperatures are presented and contributions of
longitudinal and perpendicular modes are determined separately. Serving as an
example, aluminium test bodies are considered showing good agreement between
the obtained analytical results and previously performed numerical
computations. The roughness correction is formally included and formulas are
given permitting to calculate the Casimir force under the influence of all
relevant factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85925 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of charged wormhole


  In this paper, the backreaction to the traversable Lorentzian wormhole
spacetime by the scalar field or electric charge is considered to find the
exact solutions. The charges play the role of the additional matter to the
static wormhole which is already constructed by the exotic matter. The
stability conditions for the wormhole with scalar field and electric charge are
found from the positiveness and flareness for the wormhole shape function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128470 </DOCNO>
Particles and Fields in Radio Galaxies: A Summary


  A summary is presented of a meeting on Particles and Fields in Radio Galaxies
held in Oxford in August 2000. Recent detailed studies of radio maps and the
first X-ray images from Chandra X-ray Observatory, together with new
capabilities in simulating hydromagnetic flows, are transforming our
understanding of how jets are formed by accretion disks orbiting massive black
holes, how these jets dissipate and how they inflate the giant radio-emitting
lobes by which they were first identified. As they can be imaged in such
detail, extragalactic radio sources remain central to the study of jet outflows
in general although there is a strong convergence with corresponding studies of
Galactic superluminal sources, gamma ray bursts and young stellar objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125366 </DOCNO>
The Age of the Universe from Joint Analysis of Cosmological Probes


  Analyses of various cosmological probes, including the latest Cosmic
Microwave Background anisotropies, the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey and
Cepheid-calibrated distance indicators suggest that the age of expansion is $13
\pm 3$ Gyr. We discuss some statistical aspects of this estimation, and we also
present results for joint analysis of the latest CMB and Cepheid data by
utilizing `Hyper-Parameters'. The deduced age of expansion might be
uncomfortably close to the age of the oldest Globular Clusters, in particular
if they formed relatively recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125300 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Monitoring of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Akn 564.


  We present a 35 day ASCA observation of the NLS1 Akn 564, which was part of a
multiwavelength AGN Watch monitoring campaign. Akn 564 shows a photon index
varying across the range 2.45--2.72. The presence of the soft hump component
below 1 keV, previously detected in ASCA data, is confirmed. Time-resolved
spectroscopy with ~daily sampling reveals a distinction in the variability of
the soft hump and power-law components over a timescale of weeks, with the hump
varying by a factor of 6 across the 35-day observation compared to a factor 4
in the power-law. Flux variations in the power-law component are measured down
to a timescale of ~1000s and accompanying spectral variability suggests the
soft hump is not well-correlated with the power-law on such short timescales.
We detect Fe Ka and a blend of Fe Kb plus Ni Ka, indicating an origin in highly
ionized gas. Variability measurements constrain the bulk of the Fe Ka to
originate within a light week of the nucleus. The large EW of the emission
lines may be due to high metallicity in NLS1s, supporting some evolutionary
models for AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6261 </DOCNO>
Renormalization approach for quantum-dot structures under strong


  We develop a renormalization method for calculating the electronic structure
of single and double quantum dots under intense ac fields. The nanostructures
are emulated by lattice models with a clear continuum limit of the
effective-mass and single-particle approximations. The coupling to the ac field
is treated non-perturbatively by means of the Floquet Hamiltonian. The
renormalization approach allows the study of dressed states of the nanoscopic
system with realistic geometries as well arbitrary strong ac fields. We give
examples of a single quantum dot, emphasizing the analysis of the
effective-mass limit for lattice models, and double-dot structures, where we
discuss the limit of the well used two-level approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114255 </DOCNO>
Injection Control System of HLS Storage Ring


  The injection control system of Hefei Light Source (HLS) storage ring is a
subsystem of the upgraded HLS control system, which is based upon EPICS. Three
programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are used as device controllers, which
control one septum modulator and four kicker modulators of HLS storage ring. An
Industrial PC is used as Input/Output Controller (IOC) and it connects the PLCs
with serial communication (RS232 mode) over fibre. A PC with Linux is used as
operator interface (OPI), operator application are running on it. The control
system was completed in July 2000. The commissioning shows that the control
system is reliable and easy operational.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95500 </DOCNO>
An additive problem in the Fourier coefficients of cusp forms


  We establish an estimate on sums of shifted products of Fourier coefficients
coming from holomorphic or Maass cusp forms of arbitrary level and nebentypus.
These sums are analogous to the binary additive divisor sum which has been
studied extensively. As an application we derive, extending work of Duke,
Friedlander and Iwaniec, a subconvex estimate on the critical line for
$L$-functions associated to character twists of these cusp forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73173 </DOCNO>
On the EDM Cancellations in D-brane models


  We analyze the possibility of simultaneous electron, neutron, and mercury
electric dipole moment (EDM) cancellations in the mSUGRA and D--brane models.
We find that the mercury EDM constraint practically rules out the cancellation
scenario in D-brane models whereas in the context of mSUGRA it is still allowed
with some fine-tuning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4548 </DOCNO>
Large fluctuations of disentaglement force and implications for polymer


  This paper examines the effect of cooling on disentanglement forces in
polymers and the implications for both single chain pullout and polymer
dynamics. I derive the explicit dependence of the distribution of these forces
on temperature, which is found to exhibit a rich behaviour. Most significantly,
it is shown to be dominated by large fluctuations up to a certain temperature
$T_0$ that can be determined from molecular parameters.
  The effects of these fluctuations on chain friction are analysed and they are
argued to undermine the traditional melt-based models that rely on a typical
chain friction coefficient. A direct implication for first principles
calculation of viscosity is discussed. This quantifies the limit of validity of
such descriptions, such as Rouse dynamics and the Tube model, and pave the way
to model polymer dynamics around the glass transition temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73714 </DOCNO>
Spectator processes and baryogenesis


  Spectator processes which are in thermal equilibrium during the period of
baryogenesis influence the final baryon asymmetry. We study this effect
quantitatively for thermal leptogenesis where we find a suppression by a factor
O(1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96105 </DOCNO>
On the fundamental groups of symplectically aspherical manifolds


  In this paper we are interested in the fundamental groups of closed
symplectically aspherical manifolds. We apply the Donaldson theorem on
hyperplane sections of closed symplectic manifolds in order to get new examples
of such groups. Motivated by some results of Gompf, we introduce two classes of
fundamental groups $\pi_1(M)$ of symplectically aspherical manifolds $M$ with
$\pi_2(M)=0$ and $\pi_2(M)\not=0$. Relations between these classes are
discussed. We show that several important classes of groups can be realized in
both classes. Also, we notice that there are some dimensional phenomena in the
realization problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7587 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity and Spin Fluctuations in the Electron-Doped


  This paper describes the first 63-Cu NMR study of an electron-doped
infinitely-layered high Tc superconductor Sr$_0.9$La$_0.1$CuO$_2$ (Tc=42K). The
spin dynamics in the normal state above Tc exhibits qualitatively the same
behavior as some hole-doped materials with significantly enhanced spin
fluctuations. Below Tc, we observed no signature of a Hebel-Slichter coherence
peak, suggesting an unconventional nature of the symmetry of the
superconducting order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113495 </DOCNO>
Coherent structures in a turbulent environment


  A systematic method is proposed for the determination of the statistical
properties of a field consisting of a coherent structure interacting with
turbulent linear waves. The explicit expression of the generating functional of
the correlations is obtained, performing the functional integration on a
neighbourhood in the function space around the soliton. The results show that
the non-gaussian fluctuations observed in the tokamak plasma edge can be
explained by the intermittent formation of nonlinear coherent structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174819 </DOCNO>
Termination of the 12C(12C,12C[3-])12C[3-] band of resonances


  New experimental data for the 12C+12C reaction have been measured in the
centre-of-mass energy range E_{c.m.}= 40 to 60 MeV. Excitation functions for a
number of single and mutual $^{12}$C inelastic channels have been measured
which include the 0_{gs}, 2_{1}^+, 0_{2}^+, 3_{1}^-, and 4$_1^+$ 12C states.
All of the reactions display largely unstructured excitation functions over
this energy range. The absence of further resonances in this energy region for
the 12C(12C,2C[3_1^-])12C[3_1^-$] reaction confirms theoretical predictions of
the termination of the band of resonances found at lower centre-of-mass
energies in this channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3254 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetic transition in a double-exchange system with alloy disorder


  We study ferromagnetic transition in three-dimensional double-exchange model
containing impurities. The influence of both spin fluctuations and impurity
potential on conduction electrons is described in coherent potential
approximation. In the framework of thermodynamic approach we construct Landau
functional for the system "electrons (in disordered environment) + core spins".
Analyzing the Landau functional we calculate the temperature of ferromagnetic
transition $T_C$ and paramagnetic susceptibility $\chi$. For $T_C$, we thus
extend the result obtained by Furukawa in the framework of the Dynamical Mean
Field Approximation, with which our result coincides in the limit of zero
impurity potential. We find, that the alloy disorder, able to produce a gap in
density of electron states, can substantially decrease $T_C$ with respect to
the case of no impurities. We also study the general relation between the
Coherent Potential Approximation and the Dynamical Mean Field Approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149163 </DOCNO>
Absence of a VVDZ Discontinuity in AdS_AdS


  We clarify the role of gauge invariance for the theory of an AdS4 brane
embedded in AdS5. The presence of a nonvanishing mass parameter even for the
lightest KK mode of the graviton indicates that all of the spin-2 modes
propagate five polarization states. Despite this fact, it was shown earlier
that the classical theory has a smooth limit as the mass parameter is taken to
zero. We argue that locality in the fifth dimension ensures that this property
survives at the quantum level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98314 </DOCNO>
Random partitions with non negative rth differences


  Let $P_r(n)$ be the set of partitions of n with non negative rth differences.
Let $\lambda$ be a partition chosen uniformly at random among the set $P_r(n)$.
Let $d(\lambda)$ be a positive rth difference chosen uniformly at random in
$\lambda$. The aim of this work is to show that for every $m\ge 1$, the
probability that $d(\lambda)\ge m$ approaches $m^{-1/r}$ as $n\to\infty$. To
prove this result we use bijective, asymptotic/analytic, and probabilistic
combinatorics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148558 </DOCNO>
Fock Vacuum Instability and Causality


  The vacuum diagram is calculated at second order for theories with
self-interacting massless fields in the framework of finite causal perturbation
theory. It is pointed out that the infrared behaviour of the vacuum diagram
leads to unstable Fock vacua for QCD or massless QED, but not for quantum
gravity. Therefore a radical rearrangement of the physical system must take
place for such theories. Conversely, stability of the Fock vacuum for massless
interacting fields is another hint at the possibility that quantum gravity
should be treated as an effective theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86295 </DOCNO>
Exact Inflationary Solution On The Brane


  We study the evolution of universe with a single scalar field of constant
potential minimally coupled to gravity in the brane world cosmology.We find an
exact inflationary solution which is not in slow roll.We discuss the limiting
cases of the solution.We show that at late times the solution is asymptotic to
the de Sitter solution independently of the brane tension. For $t\to 0$ the
solution leads to singularity but the nature of the approach to singularity
depends upon the brane tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97431 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Hyperfunctions, Tempered Hyperfunctions, and Asymptotic


  We introduce new subclasses of Fourier hyperfunctions of mixed type,
satisfying polynomial growth conditions at infinity, and develop their sheaf
and duality theory. We use Fourier transformation and duality to examine
relations of these 'asymptotic' and 'tempered' hyperfunctions to known classes
of test functions and distributions, especially the Gelfand-Shilov-Spaces.
Further it is shown that the asymptotic hyperfunctions, which decay faster than
any negative power, are precisely the class that allow asymptotic expansions at
infinity. These asymptotic expansions are carried over to the
higher-dimensional case by applying the Radon transformation for
hyperfunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98404 </DOCNO>
Sampling theorems for the Heisenberg groups


  In the first part of the paper a general notion of sampling expansions for
locally compact groups is introduced, and its close relationship to the
discretisation problem for generalised wavelet transforms is established. In
the second part, attention is focussed on the simply connected nilpotent
Heisenberg group $\HH$. We derive criteria for the existence of discretisations
and sampling expansions associated to lattices in $\HH$. Analogies and
differences to the sampling theorem over the reals are discussed, in particular
a notion of bandwidth on $\HH$ will figure prominently. The main tools for the
characterisation are the Plancherel formula of $\HH$ and the theory of
Weyl-Heisenberg frames. In the last section we compute an explicit example

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128483 </DOCNO>
Parsec-Scale Blazar Monitoring: Flux and Polarization Variability


  We present analysis of the flux and polarization variability of parsec scale
radio jets from a dual-frequency, six-epoch, VLBA polarization experiment
monitoring 12 blazars. The observations were made at 15 and 22 GHz at bimonthly
intervals over 1996. Here we analyze the flux, fractional polarization, and
polarization position angle behavior of core regions and jet features,
considering both the linear trends of these quantities with time and more rapid
fluctuations about the linear trends. The dual frequency nature of the
observations allows us to examine spectral evolution, to separate Faraday
effects from changes in magnetic field order, and also to deduce empirical
estimates for the uncertainties in measuring properties of VLBI jet features
(abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85744 </DOCNO>
Statistical geometry of random weave states


  I describe the first steps in the construction of semiclassical states for
non-perturbative canonical quantum gravity using ideas from classical,
Riemannian statistical geometry and results from quantum geometry of spin
network states. In particular, I concentrate on how those techniques are
applied to the construction of random spin networks, and the calculation of
their contribution to areas and volumes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95886 </DOCNO>
Chern numbers of the Chern submanifolds


  We solve the generalized Milnor-Hirzebruch problem on the relations between
Chern numbers of an arbitrary stably almost complex manifold and Chern numbers
of its virtual Chern submanifolds. As a corollary we derive new divisibility
conditions for Chern classes of an arbitrary complex vector bundle over a
stably almost complex manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1965 </DOCNO>
Multi-State Image Restoration by Transmission of Bit-Decomposed Data


  We report on the restoration of gray-scale image when it is decomposed into a
binary form before transmission. We assume that a gray-scale image expressed by
a set of Q-Ising spins is first decomposed into an expression using Ising
(binary) spins by means of the threshold division, namely, we produce (Q-1)
binary Ising spins from a Q-Ising spin by the function F(\sigma_i - m) = 1 if
the input data \sigma_i \in {0,.....,Q-1} is \sigma_i \geq m and 0 otherwise,
where m \in {1,....,Q-1} is the threshold value. The effects of noise are
different from the case where the raw Q-Ising values are sent. We investigate
which is more effective to use the binary data for transmission or to send the
raw Q-Ising values. By using the mean-field model, we first analyze the
performance of our method quantitatively. Then we obtain the static and
dynamical properties of restoration using the bit-decomposed data. In order to
investigate what kind of original picture is efficiently restored by our
method, the standard image in two dimensions is simulated by the mean-field
annealing, and we compare the performance of our method with that using the
Q-Ising form. We show that our method is more efficient than the one using the
Q-Ising form when the original picture has large parts in which the nearest
neighboring pixels take close values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 899 </DOCNO>
Two-Dimensional Sigma-Hole Systems in Boron Layers: A First-Principles


  We study two-dimensional sigma-hole systems in boron layers by calculating
the electronic structures of Mg_{1-x}Na_xB_2 and Mg_{1-x}Al_xB_2. In
Mg_{1-x}Na_xB_2, it is found that the concentration of sigma holes is
approximately described by (0.8 + 0.8 x) * 10^{22} cm^{-3} and the largest
attainable concentration is about 1.6 * 10^{22} cm^{-3} in NaB_2. In
Mg_{1-x}Al_xB_2, on the other hand, it is found that the concentration of sigma
holes is approximately described by (0.8 - 1.4 x) * 10^{22} cm^{-3} and sigma
holes are disappeared at x of about 0.6. These relations can be used for
experimental studies on the sigma-hole systems in these materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 580 </DOCNO>
Justification of Sexual Reproduction by Modified Penna Model of Ageing


  We generalize the standard Penna bit-string model of biological ageing by
assuming that each deleterious mutation diminishes the survival probability in
every time interval by a small percentage. This effect is added to the usual
lethal but age-dependent effect of the same mutation. We then find strong
advantages or disadvantages of sexual reproduction (with males and females)
compared to asexual cloning, depending on parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126862 </DOCNO>
Sulphur abundance in very metal-poor stars


  We have obtained high-resolution high signal-to-noise spectra of the SI
near-infrared doublet at 8694 A in eight metal-poor stars with metallicities in
the range -0.6 <[Fe/H]< -3.0. Elemental sulphur abundances were derived for six
targets and upper limits were set for two of the most metal-poor stars in the
sample. The sulphur doublet at 8694.62 A has been detected in three stars
(HD19445, HD2665 and HD2796) with [Fe/H]< -1.9. Our observations combined with
those available in the literature indicate a monotonic increase of the [S/Fe]
ratio as [Fe/H] decreases, reaching values [S/Fe]~0.7-0.8 below [Fe/H]=-2. We
discuss plausible scenarios for interpretation of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129550 </DOCNO>
HI as a Probe of Structure in the Interstellar Medium of External


  This review presents a perspective on recent advances in understanding
neutral ISM structure in external galaxies. HI is a fundamental probe of
galactic baryonic material, and its structure and distribution offer vital
signatures of dynamical and evolutionary processes that drive star formation
and galaxy evolution. New, high-resolution HI data cubes for external galaxies
now reveal the features and topology of the entire neutral ISM, which here are
considered on scales of 10 - 1000 pc. I focus on the two principal candidates
for HI structuring, mechanical feedback from massive stars and turbulence;
other mechanisms are also considered, especially with respect to supergiant
shells. While confirmation for both mechanical feedback and turbulent processes
exists, it remains unclear how these mechanisms yield the global, steady-state,
scale-free HI properties that are observed. Understanding the formation of
filamentary structure may be key in resolving these puzzles. New HI surveys of
nearby galaxies, combined with further theoretical studies, promise continuing
important advances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41372 </DOCNO>
Double Diffraction Dissociation at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider


  We present results from a measurement of double diffraction dissociation in
$\bar pp$ collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The production cross
section for events with a central pseudorapidity gap of width $\Delta\eta^0>3$
(overlapping $\eta=0$) is found to be $4.43\pm 0.02{(stat)}{\pm 1.18}{(syst)
mb}$ [$3.42\pm 0.01{(stat)}{\pm 1.09}{(syst) mb}$] at $\sqrt{s}=1800$ [630]
GeV. Our results are compared with previous measurements and with predictions
based on Regge theory and factorization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41137 </DOCNO>
Measurement of $\Gamma(K_{\mu 3})/\Gamma(K_{e3})$ ratio using stopped


  The ratio of the $K^{+}\to \pi^{0} \mu^{+} \nu$ ($K_{\mu3}^+$) and $K^{+}\to
\pi^{0} e^{+} \nu$ ($K_{e3}^+$) decay widths, $\Gamma(K_{\mu
3})/\Gamma(K_{e3})$, has been measured with stopped positive kaons.
$K_{\mu3}^+$ and $K_{e3}^+$ samples containing 2.4$\times 10^4$ and 4.0$\times
10^4$ events, respectively, were analyzed. The
$\Gamma(K_{\mu3})/\Gamma(K_{e3})$ ratio was obtained to be
0.671$\pm$0.007(stat.)$\pm$0.008(syst.) calculating the detector acceptance by
a Monte Carlo simulation with the assumption of $\mu$-$e$ universality in
$K_{l3}^+$ decay. The coefficient of the $q^2$ dependent term of the $f_0$ form
factor was also determined to be
$\lambda_0$=0.022$\pm$0.005(stat.)$\pm$0.004(syst.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72982 </DOCNO>
Quark mass effects on the topological susceptibility in QCD


  We investigate topology in lattice simulations of QCD with two flavours of
dynamical Wilson fermions. At various sea quark masses we find reasonable
agreement between results for the topological charge from fermionic and gluonic
definitions, the latter with cooling. We study correlations of the topological
charge with light hadronic observables and find effects in the flavour singlet
pseudoscalar channel. The quark mass dependence of the topological
susceptibility, $\chi$, is in agreement with the leading order small m_pi
expectation, chi=(f_pi m_pi)^2/4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179398 </DOCNO>
Pionic Modes Studied by Quasielastic (\vec{p}, \vec{n}) Reactions


  It has long been expected that the pionic modes show some collective
phenomena such as the pion condensation in the high density nuclear matter and
its precursor phenomena in the ordinary nuclei. Here we show an evidence of the
precursor observed in the isovector spin longitudinal cross sections ID_q of
the quasielastic 12C, 40Ca (\vec{p}, \vec{n}) reactions at T_p = 346 and 494MeV
with the momentum transfer q = 1.7fm-1. Another aim of this report is to
evaluate the Landau-Migdal parameters g'_{NN}, g'_{N\Delta} and
g'_{\Delta\Delta} at the large momentum region from the above reactions. We
obtained g'_{NN} \approx 0.6-0.7, g'_{N\Delta} \approx 0.3-0.4. The results are
consistent with those at the small momentum region, which are obtained from the
Gamov-Teller strength distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169549 </DOCNO>
Selected elevation in quantum tunneling


  The tunneling through an opaque barrier with a strong oscillating component
is investigated. It is shown, that in the strong perturbations regime (in
contrast to the weak one), higher perturbations rate does not necessarily
improve the activation. In fact, in this regime two rival factors play a role,
and as a consequence, this tunneling system behaves like a sensitive
frequency-shifter device: for most incident particles' energies activation
occurs and the particles are energetically elevated, while for specific
energies activation is depressed and the transmission is very low. This effect
is unique to the strong perturbation regime, and it is totally absent in the
weak perturbation case. Moreover, it cannot be deduced even in the adiabatic
regime. It is conjectured that this mechanism can be used as a
frequency-dependent transistor, in which the device's transmission is governed
by the external field frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81341 </DOCNO>
Exploiting finite-size-effects to simulate full QCD with light quarks -


  We present a report on the status of the GRAL project (Going Realistic And
Light), which aims at simulating full QCD with two dynamical Wilson quarks
below the vector meson decay threshold, m_ps/m_v < 0.5, making use of
finite-size-scaling techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127148 </DOCNO>
Cluster X-ray Luminosity Evolution


  Whether the X-ray luminosities of clusters of galaxies evolve has been a
contentious issue for over ten years. However, the data available to address
this issue have improved dramatically as cluster surveys from the ROSAT archive
near completion. There are now three samples of nearby clusters and seven
distant cluster samples. We present a uniform analysis of four of the distant
cluster samples. Each exhibits highly statistically significant luminosity
evolution. We combine three of these samples to measure the high redshift
cluster X-ray luminosity function with good statistics that shows the nature of
the evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98573 </DOCNO>
On a conjecture of Jacquet


  In this note, we prove in full generality a conjecture of Jacquet concerning
the nonvanishing of the triple product L-function at the central point.
  Let $\kay$ be a number field and let $\pi_i$, $i=1$, 2, 3 be cuspidal
automorphic representations of $GL_2(\A)$ such that the product of their
central characters is trivial. Then the central value
$L(\frac12,\pi_1\otimes\pi_2\otimes\pi_3)$ of the triple product L--function is
nonzero if and only if there exists a quaternion algebra $B$ over $\kay$ and
automorphic forms $f_i^B\in \pi_i^B$, such that the integral of the product
$f_1^B f_2^B f_3^B$ over the diagonal $Z(\Bbb A) B^\times(\kay) B^\times(\Bbb
A)$ is nonzero, where $\pi_i^B$ is the representation of $B^\times(\A)$
corresponding to $\pi_i$.
  In a previous paper, we proved this conjecture in the special case where
$\kay=\Q$ and the $\pi_i$'s correspond to a triple of holomorphic newforms.
Recent improvement on the Ramanujan bound due to Kim and Shahidi, results about
the local L-factors due to Ikeda and Ramakrishnan, results of Chen-bo Zhu and
Sahi about invariant distributions and degenerate principal series in the
complex case, and an extension of the Siegel--Weil formula to similitude groups
allow us to carry over our method to the general case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76063 </DOCNO>
Colour superconductivity in finite systems


  In this paper we study the effect of finite size on the two-flavour colour
superconducting state. As well as restricting the quarks to a box, we project
onto states of good baryon number and onto colour singlets, these being
necessary restrictions on any observable ``quark nuggets''. We find that
whereas finite size alone has a significant effect for very small boxes, with
the superconducting state often being destroyed, the effect of projection is to
restore it again. The infinite-volume limit is a good approximation even for
quite small systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5362 </DOCNO>
Hole-Hole Interaction Effect in the Conductance of the Two-Dimensional


  On a high mobility two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) in a GaAs/GaAlAs
heterostructure we study the interaction correction to the Drude conductivity
in the ballistic regime, $k_BT\tau /\hbar $ $>1$. It is shown that the
'metallic' behaviour of the resistivity ($d\rho /dT>0$) of the low-density 2DHG
is caused by hole-hole interaction effect in this regime. We find that the
temperature dependence of the conductivity and the parallel-field
magnetoresistance are in agreement with this description, and determine the
Fermi-liquid interaction constant $F_0^\sigma $ which controls the sign of
$d\rho /dT$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2552 </DOCNO>
Statistics of Atmospheric Correlations


  For a large class of quantum systems the statistical properties of their
spectrum show remarkable agreement with random matrix predictions. Recent
advances show that the scope of random matrix theory is much wider. In this
work, we show that the random matrix approach can be beneficially applied to a
completely different classical domain, namely, to the empirical correlation
matrices obtained from the analysis of the basic atmospheric parameters that
characterise the state of atmosphere. We show that the spectrum of atmospheric
correlation matrices satisfy the random matrix prescription. In particular, the
eigenmodes of the atmospheric empirical correlation matrices that have physical
significance are marked by deviations from the eigenvector distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3003 </DOCNO>
Bias Voltage and Temperature Dependence of Hot Electron Magnetotransport


  We present a qualitative model study of energy and temperature dependence of
hot electron magnetotransport. This model calculations are based on a simple
argument that the inelastic scattering strength of hot electrons is strongly
spin and energy dependent in the ferromagnets. Since there is no clear
experimental data to compare with this model calculations, we are not able to
extract clear physics from this model calculations. However, interestingly this
calculations display that the magnetocurrent increases with bias voltage
showing high magnetocurrent if spin dependent imaginary part of proper self
energy effect has a substantial contribution to the hot electron
magnetotransport. Along with that, the hot electron magnetotransport is
strongly influence by the hot electron spin polarization at finite
temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150072 </DOCNO>
On the Associativity of Star Product in Systems with Nonlinear


  Various aspects of the construction as well as properties of the
noncommutative star product are studied in the context of some simple physical
systems. For a second class system with nonlinear constraints, the
nonassociative star product in terms of the original canonical variables is
converted into an associative one, that is expressed in terms of a new
unconstrained canonical set.The existence of such a canonical transformation is
guaranteed by a theorem due to Maskawa and Nakajima. In terms of these new
variables, the Kontsevich series for the star product reduces to an exponential
series which is manifestly associative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6551 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Production Of Kink-Antikink Pairs In The Presence Of An


  We numerically investigate the production of kink-antikink pairs in a $(1+1)$
dimensional $\phi^4$ field theory subject to white noise and periodic driving.
The twin effects of noise and periodic driving acting in conjunction lead to
considerable enhancement in the kink density compared to the thermal
equilibrium value, for low dissipation coefficients and for a specific range of
frequencies of the oscillating background. The dependence of the kink-density
on the temperature of the heat bath, the amplitude of the oscillating
background and value of the dissipation coefficient is also investigated. An
interesting feature of our result is that kink-antikink production occurs even
though the system always remains in the broken symmetry phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123965 </DOCNO>
Structure of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz using VLBI Closure Quantities


  At radio wavelengths, images of the compact radio source Sagittarius A* (Sgr
A*) in the Galactic Center are scatter broadened with a lambda^2 dependence due
to an intervening ionized medium. We present VLBI observations of Sgr A* at 86
GHz using a six station array including the VLBA antennas at Pie Town, Fort
Davis and Los Alamos, the 12m antenna at Kitt Peak and the millimeter arrays at
Hat Creek and Owens Valley. To avoid systematic errors due to imperfect antenna
calibration, the data were modeled using interferometric closure information.
The data are best modeled by a circular Gaussian brightness distribution of
FWHM 0.18 +- 0.02 mas. The data are also shown to be consistent with an
elliptical model corresponding to the scattering of a point source. The source
structure in the N-S direction, which is less well determined than in the E-W
direction due to the limited N-S (u,v) coverage of the array, is constrained to
be less than 0.27 mas by these measurements. These results are consistent with
extrapolations of intrinsic structure estimates obtained with VLBI at 7mm
wavelength assuming the intrinsic size of Sgr A* has a greater dependence than
lambda^0.9 with wavelength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114528 </DOCNO>
Quantum Electrodynamical Density-matrix Functional Theory and


  For studying the group theoretical classification of the solutions of the
density functional theory in relativistic framework, we propose quantum
electrodynamical density-matrix functional theory (QED-DMFT). QED-DMFT gives
the energy as a functional of a local one-body $4\times4$ matrix $Q(x)\equiv
-<\psi(x)\bar{\psi}(x)>$, where $\psi$ and $\bar{\psi}$ are 4-component Dirac
field and its Dirac conjugate, respectively. We examine some characters of
QED-DMFT. After these preparations, by using Q(x), we classify the solutions of
QED-DMFT under O(3) rotation, time reversal and spatial inversion. The behavior
of Q(x) under nonrelativistic and ultrarelativistic limits are also presented.
Finally, we give plans for several extensions and applications of QED-DMFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 725 </DOCNO>
Kinetic non-optimality and vibrational stability of proteins


  Scaling of folding times in Go models of proteins and of decoy structures
with the Lennard-Jones potentials in the native contacts reveal %robust power
law trends when studied under optimal folding conditions. The power law
exponent depends on the type of native geometry. Its value indicates lack of
kinetic optimality in the model proteins. In proteins, mechanical and
thermodynamic stabilities are correlated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73061 </DOCNO>
The Role of Wino Content in Neutralino Dark Matter


  We investigate the dark matter prospects of supersymmetric models with
nonuniversal gaugino masses. We find that for very particular values of the
ratio of soft supersymmetry-breaking gaugino masses, M2/M1, an enhanced
coannihilation efficiency between the lightest chargino and the lightest
neutralino occurs, allowing for scalars with masses well above the normally
accepted limits for viable dark matter in the universal case. As a specific
example, we investigate models of hidden sector gaugino condensation. These
models exhibit high scalar masses, previously thought dangerous, and the
requisite freedom in the ratio of gaugino masses. The cosmologically viable
regions of parameter space are investigated, allowing very specific statements
to be made about the content of the supersymmetry-breaking hidden sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97771 </DOCNO>
White Hole, Black Whole, and The Book


  Intellectual space is defined as the set of all proofs of mathematical logic,
contained in The Book conceived by Erdos. Physical and intellectual spaces are
visualized, making use of concepts from intuitive set theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87086 </DOCNO>
Gravothermal Collapse of Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos and the


  A central supermassive black hole (SMBH) with a mass $10^6-10^9 M_\odot$
appears to be a common feature in nearby galaxies and the likely power source
in quasars and active galactic nuclei. We demonstrate that the formation of a
central black hole is a natural and inevitable consequence of the gravothermal
catastrophe in a self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) halo. Through gravothermal
evolution driven by collisional relaxation, an SIDM halo will form a massive
inner core whose density and velocity dispersion will increase secularly in
time. Eventually, the inner core arrives at a relativistic radial instability
and undergoes dynamical collapse to a black hole. The initial mass of the black
hole will be $10^{-8}-10^{-6}$ of the total mass of the halo. We show that if
at formation the overdensity in the SIDM halo is not too large, SMBHs in the
observed mass range can form directly in very massive halos following core
collapse. Alternatively, with large overdensities, moderate mass halos undergo
core collapse to form central seed black holes of intermediate mass, and these
holes can then merge and/or accrete to reach the SMBH range. Forming SMBHs by
core collapse in SIDM halos requires no baryons, no prior epoch of star
formation and no other mechanism of forming black holes seeds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6035 </DOCNO>
Absorbing phase transition in a conserved lattice gas with random


  A conserved lattice gas with random neighbor hopping of active particles is
introduced which exhibits a continuous phase transition from an active state to
an absorbing non-active state. Since the randomness of the particle hopping
breaks long range spatial correlations our model mimics the mean-field scaling
behavior of the recently introduced new universality class of absorbing phase
transitions with a conserved field. The critical exponent of the order
parameter is derived within a simple approximation. The results are compared
with those of simulations and field theoretical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114035 </DOCNO>
Recent Conceptual Consequences of Loop Quantum Gravity. Part III: A


  With a view to the results discussed in the first two parts of this paper,
the concept of time is revisited oncemore and chosen as an example in order to
demonstrate the meaning of fundamental in both physical and philosophical
terms. It is shown that if arguments are given in favour of or against the
concept of time, then their ontological state has to be clarified in the first
place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126509 </DOCNO>
Discrete dynamical classes for galaxy discs and the implication of a


  We consider the four large optical rotation curve samples of Mathewson, Ford
& Buchhorn (900 ORCs), Mathewson & Ford (1200 ORCs), Dale, Giovanelli, Haynes
et al (494 ORCs) and Courteau (300 ORCs).
  We show how it is possible to partition any given ORC into two distinct
dynamical regions - an interior region and an exterior region. Each of the
samples considered is partitioned in this way, so that we are able to consider
the dynamics on the exterior parts of the ORCs for each of the samples. This
technique was originaly introduced by Roscoe astro-ph/0107305.
  We then find that the dynamics in the exterior part of spiral discs fall into
one of four sharply defined classes. Taking account of the various correlations
which exist between luminosity properties and dynamical properties of discs,
our final phenomonological conclusion is that spiral discs in the samples
considered appear constrained to occupy one of four distinct planes, F(M,S,a) =
k0, k1, k2, k3, where M = absolute magnitude, S = surface brightness, "a" is a
parameter computed directly from each ORC and k0, k1, k2, k3 are well defined
numerical constants.
  These results are statistically supported at the level of virtual certainty.
  We suggest three possible mechanisms for this phenomonology. The overall
analysis implies the existence of a second generation of Tully-Fisher methods
in which the standard TF relation is augmented with a second relation defining
where on an ORC the linewidth should be measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124506 </DOCNO>
A survey of hard spectrum ROSAT sources 2: optical identification of


  We have surveyed 188 ROSAT PSPC fields for X-ray sources with hard spectra
(alpha<0.5); such sources must be major contributors to the X-ray background at
faint fluxes. In this paper we present optical identifications for 62 of these
sources: 28 AGN which show broad lines in their optical spectra (BLAGN), 13
narrow emission line galaxies (NELGs), 5 galaxies with no visible emission
lines, 8 clusters and 8 Galactic stars. The BLAGN, NELGs and galaxies have
similar distributions of X-ray flux and spectra. Their ROSAT spectra are
consistent with their being AGN obscured by columns of 20.5<log(NH/cm^2)<23.
The hard spectrum BLAGN have a distribution of X-ray to optical ratios which is
similar to that found for AGN from soft X-ray surveys (1<alpha_OX<2). However,
a relatively large proportion (15%) of the BLAGN, NELGs and galaxies are radio
loud. This could be because the radio jets in these objects produce
intrinsically hard X-ray emission, or if their hardness is due to absorption,
it could be because radio loud objects are more X-ray luminous than radio quiet
objects. The 8 hard sources identified as clusters of galaxies are the
brightest, and softest group of sources and hence clusters are unlikely to be
an important component of the hard, faint population. We propose that BLAGN are
likely to constitute a significant fraction of the faint, hard, 0.5 - 2 keV
population and could be important to reproducing the shape of the X-ray
background, because they are the most numerous type of object in our sample
(comprising almost half the identified sources), and because all our high
redshift (z>1) identified hard sources have broad lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73183 </DOCNO>
The Use of Dispersion Relations in the $\pi\pi$ and $K\bar K$


  Systematic and careful studies are made on the properties of the IJ=00
$\pi\pi$ and $K\bar K$ coupled-channel system, using newly derived dispersion
relations between the phase shifts and poles and cuts. The effects of nearby
branch point singularities to the determination of the $f_0(980)$ resonance are
estimated and and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97530 </DOCNO>
Nonparametric Volatility Density Estimation


  We consider two kinds of stochastic volatility models. Both kinds of models
contain a stationary volatility process, the density of which, at a fixed
instant in time, we aim to estimate.
  We discuss discrete time models where for instance a log price process is
modeled as the product of a volatility process and i.i.d. noise. We also
consider samples of certain continuous time diffusion processes. The sampled
time instants will be be equidistant with vanishing distance.
  A Fourier type deconvolution kernel density estimator based on the logarithm
of the squared processes is proposed to estimate the volatility density.
Expansions of the bias and bounds on the variances are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41105 </DOCNO>
Study of Dimuon Production in Photon-Photon Collisions and Measurement


  Muon pair production in the process e+e- -> e+e-mu+mu- is studied using the
data taken at LEP1 (sqrt(s) \simeq m_Z) with the DELPHI detector during the
years 1992-1995. The corresponding integrated luminosity is 138.5 pb^{-1}. The
QED predictions have been tested over the whole Q^2 range accessible at LEP1
(from several GeV^2/c^4 to several hundred GeV^2/c^4) by comparing experimental
distributions with distributions resulting from Monte Carlo simulations using
various generators. Selected events are used to extract the leptonic photon
structure function F_2^\gamma. Azimuthal correlations are used to obtain
information on additional structure functions, F_A^\gamma and F_B^\gamma, which
originate from interference terms of the scattering amplitudes. The measured
ratios F_A^\gamma/F_2^\gamma and F_B^\gamma/F_2^\gamma are significantly
different from zero and consistent with QED predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84073 </DOCNO>
Exact Complexity of the Winner Problem for Young Elections


  In 1977, Young proposed a voting scheme that extends the Condorcet Principle
based on the fewest possible number of voters whose removal yields a Condorcet
winner. We prove that both the winner and the ranking problem for Young
elections is complete for the class of problems solvable in polynomial time by
parallel access to NP. Analogous results for Lewis Carroll's 1876 voting scheme
were recently established by Hemaspaandra et al. In contrast, we prove that the
winner and ranking problems in Fishburn's homogeneous variant of Carroll's
voting scheme can be solved efficiently by linear programming.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1457 </DOCNO>
A Rigorous Extension of the Kohn-Sham Equation for Strongly Correlated


  By introducing a set of auxiliary equations representing a many-body system,
we have derived an extension of the Kohn-Sham scheme for the density functional
theory. These equations consist of a Kohn-Sham-type equation determining
single-particle orbitals and an eigen-value equation for an effective many-body
problem. A variational method similar to the Kohn-Sham technique was utilized
to derive effective interactions as well as effective potentials without
artificial substitution of a Hubbard-type interaction and a mean-field
correction in the energy functional. The second equation is described by an
effective many-body Hamiltonian with both 2-body interactions and mean-field
terms. Rigorous formulation of the extended Kohn-Sham equation is also given in
accordance with the Hadjisavvas-Theophilou formulation. Our formulation can be
interpreted as a way to define models of the strongly correlated electron
systems, e.g. the Hubbard model

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128558 </DOCNO>
Observed Smooth Energy Fitted by Parametrized Quintessence


  This paper proposes two phenomenological quintessence potentials with
parameters fitted to the presently observed ratio $\rat$ of smooth energy to
clustered mass and limits on the equation of state parameter $w_Q(a)=P/\rhoq$,
for which the quintessence potential is now slow- or fast-rolling. These two
potentials are intended to illustrate rather different quintessence
phenomenology since tracking and into the near future. Neither can be a
fundamental potential derivable from present-day string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40930 </DOCNO>
Search for CP Violation in $\tau\to \pi\pi^{0}\nu_{\tau}$ Decay


  We search for CP non-conservation in the decays of tau leptons produced via
$e^+ e^-$ annihilation at $\sqrt{s}\sim$ 10.6 GeV. The method uses correlated
decays of pairs of tau leptons, each decaying to the $\pi \pi^0 \nu_{\tau}$
final state. The search is done within the framework of a model with a scalar
boson exchange. In an analysis of a data sample corresponding to 12.2 million
produced tau pairs collected with the CLEO detector, we find no evidence of
violation of CP symmetry. We obtain a limit on the imaginary part of the
coupling constant parameterizing the relative contribution of diagrams that
would lead to CP violation to be $-0.046 <\Im(\Lambda) < 0.022$ at 90% C.L.
This result provides a restriction on CP non-conservation in the tau lepton
decays. As a cross check, we study the decay angular distribution and perform a
model-independent search for a CP violation effect of a scalar exchange in
single $\tau\to \pi\pi^0\nu_\tau$ decays. The limit on the imaginary part of
the $\tau$ scalar coupling is $-0.033 < \Im(\Lambda) < 0.089$ at 90% C.L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96330 </DOCNO>
Deformation theory of five-dimensional CR structures and the Rumin


  We construct a versal family of deformations of CR structures in five
dimensions, using a differential complex closely related to the differential
form complex introduced by Rumin for contact manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129415 </DOCNO>
Spectral Evidence for Widespread Galaxy Outflows at z>4


  We present discovery spectra of a sample of eight lensed galaxies at high
redshift, 3.7<z<5.2, selected by their red colors in the fields of four massive
clusters: A1689, A2219, A2390, and AC114. Metal absorption lines are detected
and observed to be blueshifted by 300-800 km/s with respect to the centroid of
Ly-alpha emission. A correlation is found between this blueshift and the
equivalent width of the metal lines, which we interpret as a broadening of
saturated absorption lines caused by a dispersion in the outflow velocity of
interstellar gas. Local starburst galaxies show similar behavior, associated
with obvious gas outflows. We also find a trend of increasing equivalent width
of Ly-alpha emission with redshift, which may be a genuine evolutionary effect
towards younger stellar populations at high redshift with less developed
stellar continua. No obvious emission is detected below the Lyman limit in any
of our spectra, nor in deep U or B-band images. The UV continua are reproduced
well by early B-stars, although some dust absorption would allow a fit to
hotter stars. After correcting for the lensing, we derive small physical sizes
for our objects, ~0.5-5 kpc/h for a flat cosmology with Omega_m=0.3,
Omega_Lambda=0.7. The lensed images are only marginally resolved in good seeing
despite their close proximity to the critical curve, where large arcs are
visible and hence high magnifications of up to ~20x are inferred. Two objects
show a clear spatial extension of the Ly-alpha emission relative to the
continuum starlight, indicating a ``breakout'' of the gas. The sizes of our
galaxies together with their large gas motion suggests that outflows of gas are
common at high redshift and associated with galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6012 </DOCNO>
Multifractal Structure of the Harmonic Measure of Diffusion Limited


  The method of iterated conformal maps allows to study the harmonic measure of
Diffusion Limited Aggregates with unprecedented accuracy. We employ this method
to explore the multifractal properties of the measure, including the scaling of
the measure in the deepest fjords that were hitherto screened away from any
numerical probing. We resolve probabilities as small as $10^{-35}$, and present
an accurate determination of the generalized dimensions and the spectrum of
singularities. We show that the generalized dimensions $D_q$ are infinite for
$q<q^*$, where $q^*$ is of the order of -0.2. In the language of $f(\alpha)$
this means that $\alpha_{max}$ is finite. The $f(\alpha)$ curve loses
analyticity (the phenomenon of "phase transition") at $\alpha_{max}$ and a
finite value of $f(\alpha_{max})$. We consider the geometric structure of the
regions that support the lowest parts of the harmonic measure, and thus offer
an explanation for the phase transition, rationalizing the value of $q^*$ and
$f(\alpha_{max})$. We thus offer a satisfactory physical picture of the scaling
properties of this multifractal measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174689 </DOCNO>
Heavy Ion Physics with CMS at LHC


  The CMS detector is well equipped to provide unique measurements in heavy ion
collisions at LHC. It will provide measurements of the J/Psi and Upsilon
families with good separation of the different resonances. Jet quenching will
be studied by analyzing monojet-to-dijet ratios and Z0(gamma)+jet events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168553 </DOCNO>
Limits to squeezing in the degenerate OPO


  We develop a systematic theory of quantum fluctuations in the driven
parametric oscillator (OPO), including the region near threshold. This allows
us to treat the limits imposed by nonlinearities to quantum squeezing and noise
reduction, in this non-equilibrium quantum phase-transition. In particular, we
compute the squeezing spectrum near threshold, and calculate the optimum value.
We find that the optimal noise reduction occurs at different driving fields,
depending on the ratio of damping rates. The largest spectral noise reductions
are predicted to occur with a very high-Q second-harmonic cavity. Our analytic
results agree well with stochastic numerical simulations. We also compare the
results obtained in the positive-P representation, as a fully quantum
mechanical calculation, with the truncated Wigner phase space equation, also
known as semiclassical theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113806 </DOCNO>
Ultracold collisions of oxygen molecules


  Collision cross sections and rate constants between two ground- state oxygen
molecules are investigated theoretically at translational energies below $\sim
1$K and in zero magnetic field. We present calculations for elastic and spin-
changing inelastic collision rates for different isotopic combinations of
oxygen atoms as a prelude to understanding their collisional stability in
ultracold magnetic traps. A numerical analysis has been made in the framework
of a rigid- rotor model that accounts fully for the singlet, triplet, and
quintet potential energy surfaces in this system. The results offer insights
into the effectiveness of evaporative cooling and the properties of molecular
Bose- Einstein condensates, as well as estimates of collisional lifetimes in
magnetic traps. Specifically, $^{17}O_{2}$ looks like a good candidate for
ultracold studies, while $^{16}O_{2}$ is unlikely to survive evaporative
cooling. Since $^{17}O_{2}$ is representative of a wide class of molecules that
are paramagnetic in their ground state we conclude that many molecules can be
successfully magnetically trapped at ultralow temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5596 </DOCNO>
Dynamical temperature study for classical planar spin systems


  In this micro-canonical simulation the temperature and also the specific heat
are determined as averages of expressions easy to implement. The XY-chain is
studied for a test. The second order transition on a cubic lattice and the
first order transition on an fcc lattice are analyzed in greater detail to have
a more severe test about the feasibility of this micro-canonical method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149633 </DOCNO>
The Moduli Space of CP^1 Stringy Cosmic Lumps


  We examine the low-energy dynamics of CP^1 lumps coupled to gravity, taking
into account the gravitational back-reaction of the spacetime geometry. We show
that the single lump moduli space is equipped with a three-dimensional metric,
and we derive stability bounds on the scalar coupling constant. We also derive
an expression for the multi-lump moduli space metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124567 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared polarimetric observations of the afterglow of GRB 000301C


  Based on near-infrared polarimetric observations we constrain the degree of
linear polarization of the afterglow light of GRB 000301C to less than 30% 1.8
days after the burst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72731 </DOCNO>
Gross-Ooguri Phase Transition at Zero and Finite Temperature: Two


  In the context of $AdS/CFT$ correspondence the two Wilson loop correlator is
examined at both zero and finite temperatures. On the basis of an entirely
analytical approach we have found for Nambu-Goto strings the functional
relation $d S_c^{(Reg)} / dL = 2 \pi k$ between Euclidean action $S_c$ and loop
separation $L$ with integration constant $k$, which corresponds to the
analogous formula for point-particles. The physical implications of this
relation are explored in particular for the Gross-Ooguri phase transition at
finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41574 </DOCNO>
Testing CPT and Lorentz Invariance with the Anomalous Spin Precession of


  This article discusses tests of CPT and Lorentz invariance with data from the
muon g-2 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. According to an
extension of the Standard Model by Kostelecky et al., CPT/Lorentz violating
terms in the Lagrangian induce a shift of the anomaly frequency omega_a of
muons in a magnetic field. This shift is predicted to be different for positive
and negative muons and to oscillate with the Earth's sidereal frequency. We
discuss the sensitivity of the g-2 experiment to different parameters of this
Standard Model extension and propose an analysis method to search for sidereal
variations of omega_a.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113936 </DOCNO>
On the regular-geometric-figure solution to the N-body problem


  The regular-geometric-figure solution to the $N$-body problem is presented in
a very simple way. The Newtonian formalism is used without resorting to a more
involved rotating coordinate system. Those configurations occur for other kinds
of interactions beyond the gravitational ones for some special values of the
parameters of the forces. For the harmonic oscillator, in particular, it is
shown that the $N$-body problem is reduced to $N$ one-body problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127238 </DOCNO>
Where is the Neutral Atomic Gas in Hickson Groups?


  We have analyzed the total HI contents of 72 Hickson compact groups of
galaxies (HCGs) and the detailed spatial distributions and kinematics of HI
within a subset of 16 groups using the high angular resolution observations
obtained with the VLA in order to investigate a possible evolutionary scenario
for these densest systems in the present day galaxy hierarchy. For the more
homogeneous subsample of 48 groups, we found a mean HI deficiency of DefHI = 40
(40% of the expected HI for the LBs and morphological types of the member
galaxies). The individual galaxies show larger degrees of deficiency than the
groups globally, DefHI = 0.62 (24% of the expected HI), due in most cases to
efficient gas stripping from individual galaxies into the group environment
visible in the VLA maps. The degree of deficiency is found to be similar to the
central galaxies of Virgo and Coma cluster, and Coma I group, in spite of the
significantly different characteristics of these environments. Phase
transformation of the HI should explain the deficiency. The detection rate of
HCGs at X-ray wavelengths is larger for HI deficient groups. In the
evolutionary scenario we propose, the amount of detected HI would decrease
further with evolution, by continuous tidal stripping and/or heating. The H2
content also tends to be lower than expected for the galaxies in HI deficient
groups, this may suggest that the HI stripping by frequent tidal interaction
breaks the balance between the disruption of molecular clouds by star formation
and the replenishment from the ambient HI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97792 </DOCNO>
Vertex operators for boundary algebras


  We construct embeddings of boundary algebras B into ZF algebras A. Since it
is known that these algebras are the relevant ones for the study of quantum
integrable systems (with boundaries for B and without for A), this connection
allows to make the link between different approaches of the systems with
boundaries. The construction uses the well-bred vertex operators built
recently, and is classified by reflection matrices. It relies only on the
existence of an R-matrix obeying a unitarity condition, and as such can be
applied to any infinite dimensional quantum group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126183 </DOCNO>
The SCUBA Local Universe Galaxy Survey II. 450 micron data - evidence


  This is the second in a series of papers presenting results from the SCUBA
Local Universe Galaxy Survey. In our first paper we provided 850 micron flux
densities for 104 galaxies selected from the IRAS Bright Galaxy Sample and we
found that the 60, 100 micron (IRAS) and 850 micron (SCUBA) fluxes could be
adequately fitted by emission from dust at a single temperature. In this paper
we present 450 micron data for the galaxies. With the new data, the spectral
energy distributions of the galaxies can no longer be fitted with an isothermal
dust model - two temperature components are now required. Using our 450 micron
data and fluxes from the literature, we find that the 450/850 micron flux ratio
for the galaxies is remarkably constant and this holds from objects in which
the star formation rate is similar to our own Galaxy, to ultraluminous infrared
galaxies (ULIRGS) such as Arp 220. The only possible explanation for this is if
the dust emissivity index for all of the galaxies is ~2 and the cold dust
component has a similar temperature in all galaxies (20-21 K). The dust masses
estimated using the new temperatures are higher by a factor ~2 than those
determined previously using a single temperature. This brings the gas-to-dust
ratios of the IRAS galaxies into agreement with those of the Milky Way and
other spiral galaxies which have been intensively studied in the submm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85973 </DOCNO>
Varying Cosmological Constant and the Machian Solution in the


  The cosmological constant $(1/2)\lambda_{1}\phi_{, \mu}\phi ^{, \mu}/\phi
^{2}$ is introduced to the generalized scalar-tensor theory of gravitation with
the coupling function $\omega (\phi)=\eta /(\xi -2)$ and the Machian
cosmological solution satisfying $\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$ is discussed for the
homogeneous and isotropic universe with a perfect fluid (with negative
pressure). We require the closed model and the negative coupling function for
the attractive gravitational force. The constraint $% \omega (\phi)<-3/2$ for
$0\leqq \xi <2$ leads to $\eta >3$. If $\lambda_{1}<0$ and $0\leqq -\eta
/\lambda_{1}<2$, the universe shows the slowly accelerating expansion. The
coupling function diverges to $-\infty $ and the scalar field $\phi $ converges
to $G_{\infty}^{-1}$ when $\xi \to 2$ ($t\to +\infty $). The cosmological
constant decays in proportion to $t^{-2}$. Thus the Machian cosmological model
approaches to the Friedmann universe in general relativity with $\ddot{a}=0$,
$\lambda =0$, and $p=-\rho /3$ as $t\to +\infty $. General relativity is
locally valid enough at present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 26 </DOCNO>
Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a multiply connected


  The quantized vortex state is investigated in a Bose-Einstein condensate,
confined in a multiply connected geometry formed by a Laguerre-Gaussian optical
trap. Solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation variationally, we show that the
criterium for vortex stability is that the interatomic interaction strength
must exceed a critical interaction strength. The time evolution of a freely
expanding Laguerre-Gaussian condensate with a vortex is calculated, and used to
derive the interference pattern of such a condensate overlapping with a
parabolically trapped condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96537 </DOCNO>
Self-Adjoint Extensions by Additive Perturbations


  Let $A_N$ be the restriction of $A$ to $N$, where $A:D(A)\subseteq H\to H$ is
a self-adjoint operator and $N\subsetneq D(A)$ is a linear dense set which is
closed with respect to the graph norm on $D(A)$. We show how to define any
relatively prime self-adjoint extension $A_\Theta:D(\Theta)\subseteq H\to H$ of
$A_N$ by $A_\Theta:=\A+T_\Theta$, where both the operators $\A$ and $T_\Theta$
take values in the strong dual of $D(A)$. The operator $\A$ is the closed
extension of $A$ to the whole $\H$ whereas $T_\Theta$ is explicitly written in
terms of a (abstract) boundary condition depending on $N$ and on the extension
parameter $\Theta$, a self-adjoint operator on an auxiliary Hilbert space
isomorphic (as a set) to the deficiency spaces of $A_N$. The explicit
connection with both Krein's resolvent formula and von Neumann's theory of
self-adjoint extensions is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4808 </DOCNO>
Elementary vortex pinning potential in superconductors with


  The elementary vortex pinning potential is studied in unconventional
superconductors within the framework of the quasiclassical theory of
superconductivity. Numerical results are presented for d-, anisotropic s-, and
isotropic s-wave superconductors to show explicitly that in unconventional
superconductors the vortex pinning potential is determined mainly by the loss
of the condensation energy in bulk due to the presence of the pinning center,
i.e., by the breakdown of the Anderson's theorem. It is found that the vortex
pinning energy in the d-wave pairing case is 4 -- 13 times larger than those in
the s-wave pairing cases. This means that an enhancement of pinning effect in
unconventional superconductors occurs due to the breakdown of the Anderson's
theorem. The case of a chiral p-wave superconductor is also investigated in
terms of the vortex core states subject to the Andreev reflection, where
important is whether the vorticity and chirality are parallel or antiparallel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72444 </DOCNO>
Coulomb corrections to $e^+ e^-$ production in ultra-relativistic


  The purpose of this paper is to explain the discrepancies existing in the
literature relative to $e^+e^-$ pair production in peripheral heavy ion
collisions at ultra-relativistic energies. A controversial issue is the
possible cancellation of Coulomb corrections to the Born term in the pair
production cross-section. Such a cancellation has been observed in a recent
approach based on finding retarded solutions of the Dirac equation, but does
not seem to hold in a perturbative approach. We show in this paper that the two
approaches are in fact calculating different observables: the perturbative
approach gives the exclusive cross-section of single pair production, while the
other method gives the inclusive cross-section.
  We have also performed a thorough study of the electron propagator in the
non-static background field of the two nuclei, the conclusion of which is that
the retarded propagator is in the ultra-relativistic limit a much simpler
object than the Feynman propagator, and can be calculated exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73303 </DOCNO>
On the Size of Hadrons


  The form factor and the mean-square radius of the pion are calculated
analytically from a parametrized form of a $q\bar q$ wave function. The
numerical wave function was obtained previously by solving numerically an
eigenvalue equation for the pion in a particular model. The analytical formulas
are of more general interest than just be valid for the pion and can be
generalized to the case with unequal quark masses. Two different
parametrizations are investigated. Because of the highly relativistic problem,
noticable deviations from a non-relativistic formula are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects after decoherence in a quenched phase transition


  We study a quantum mechanical toy model that mimics some features of a
quenched phase transition. Both by virtue of a time-dependent Hamiltonian or by
changing the temperature of the bath we are able to show that even after
classicalization has been reached, the system may display quantum behaviour
again. We explain this behaviour in terms of simple non-linear analysis and
estimate relevant time scales that match the results of numerical simulations
of the master-equation. This opens new possibilities both in the study of
quantum effects in non-equilibrium phase transitions and in general
time-dependent problems where quantum effects may be relevant even after
decoherence has been completed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97582 </DOCNO>
A Taxonomy of C-systems


  A thorough investigation of the foundations of paraconsistent logics.
Relations between logical principles are formally studied, a novel notion of
consistency is introduced, the logics of formal inconsistency, and the
subclasses of C-systems and dC-systems are defined and studied. An enormous
variety of paraconsistent logics in the literature is shown to constitute
C-systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87144 </DOCNO>
Appearance of the central singularity in spherical collapse


  We analyze here the structure of non-radial nonspacelike geodesics
terminating in the past at a naked singularity formed as the end state of
inhomogeneous dust collapse. The spectrum of outgoing nonspacelike null
geodesics is examined analytically. The local and global visibility of the
singularity is also examined by integrating numerically the null geodesics
equations. The possible implications of existence of such families towards the
appearance of the star in late stages of gravitational collapse are considered.
It is seen that the outgoing non-radial geodesics give an appearance to the
naked central singularity as that of an expanding ball whose radius reaches a
maximum before the star goes within its apparent horizon. The radiated energy
(along the null geodesics) is shown to decay very sharply in the neighbourhood
of the singularity. Thus the total energy escaping via non-radial null
geodesics from the naked central singularity vanishes in the scenario
considered here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125211 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium and stability of supermassive stars in binary systems


  We investigate the equilibrium and stability of supermassive stars of mass $M
\agt 10^5M_{\odot}$ in binary systems. We find that corotating binaries are
secularly unstable for close, circular orbits with $r \alt
4R(M/10^6M_{\odot})^{1/6}$ where $r$ is the orbital separation and $R$ the
stellar radius. We also show that corotation cannot be achieved for distant
orbits with $r \agt 12 R (M/10^6M_{\odot})^{-11/24}$, since the timescale for
viscous angular momentum transfer associated with tidal torques is longer than
the evolution timescale due to emission of thermal radiation. These facts
suggest that the allowed mass range and orbital separation for corotating
supermassive binary stars is severely restricted. In particular, for
supermassive binary stars of large mass $M \agt 6\times 10^6M_{\odot}$,
corotation cannot be achieved, as viscosity is not adequate to mediate the
transfer between orbital and spin angular momentum. One possible outcome for
binary supermassive stars is the onset of quasi-radial, relativistic
instability which drives each star to collapse prior to merger: We discuss
alternative outcomes of collapse and possible spin states of the resulting
black holes. We estimate the frequency and amplitude of gravitational waves
emitted during several inspiral and collapse scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95949 </DOCNO>
Bures geometry of the three-level quantum systems. II


  For the eight-dimensional Riemannian manifold comprised by the three-level
quantum systems endowed with the Bures metric, we numerically approximate the
integrals over the manifold of several functions of the curvature and of its
(anti-)self-dual parts. The motivation for pursuing this research is to
elaborate upon the findings of Dittmann in his paper, "Yang-Mills equation and
Bures metric" (quant-ph/9806018).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97506 </DOCNO>
Spin Manifolds, Einstein Metrics, and Differential Topology


  We show that there exist smooth, simply connected, four-dimensional spin
manifolds which do not admit Einstein metrics, but nonetheless satisfy the
strict Hitchin-Thorpe inequality. Our construction makes use of the
Bauer/Furuta cohomotopy refinement of the Seiberg-Witten invariant, in
conjunction with curvature estimates previously proved by the second author.
These methods also easily allow one to construct examples of topological
4-manifolds which admit an Einstein metric for one smooth structure, but which
have infinitely many other smooth structures for which no Einstein metric can
exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179383 </DOCNO>
Physics of Antiproton Nuclear Interactions near Threshold


  Antiproton-nucleus optical potentials fitted to $\bar p$-atom level shifts
and widths are used to calculate the recently reported very low energy
($p_{L}<100$ MeV/c) $\bar p$ cross sections for annihilation on light nuclei.
The apparent suppression of annihilation upon increasing the atomic charge $Z$
and mass number $A$ is resolved as due to the strong effective repulsion
produced by the very absorptive optical potential which keeps the $\bar
p$-nucleus wavefunction substantially outside the nuclear surface, so that the
resulting reaction cross section saturates as function of the strength of Im
$V_{{\rm opt}}$. This feature, for $E >0$, parallels the recent prediction, for
$E < 0$, that the level widths of $\bar p$ atoms saturate and, hence, that
$\bar p$ deeply bound atomic states are relatively narrow. Predictions are made
for $\bar p$ annihilation cross sections over the entire periodic table at
these very low energies and the systematics of the calculated cross sections as
function of $A$, $Z$ and $E$ are discussed and explained in terms of a
Coulomb-modified strong-absorption model. Finally, optical potentials which fit
simultaneously low-energy $\bar p - ^4$He observables for $E < 0$ as well as
for $E > 0$ are used to assess the reliability of extracting Coulomb modified
$\bar p$ nuclear scattering lengths directly from the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74703 </DOCNO>
Metric perturbations at reheating: the use of spherical symmetry


  We consider decay of the inflaton with a quartic potential coupled to other
fields, including gravity, but restricted to spherical symmetry. We describe
analytically an early, quasilinear regime, during which inflaton fluctuations
and the metric functions are driven by nonlinear effects of the decay products.
We present a detailed study of the leading nonlinear effects in this regime.
Results of the quasilinear approximation, in its domain of applicability, are
found to be consistent with those of fully nonlinear lattice studies. We
discuss how these results may be promoted to the full three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169060 </DOCNO>
An integral version of Shor's factoring algorithm


  We consider a version of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm such that the
quantum Fourier transform is replaced by an extremely simple one where
decomposition coefficients take only the values of $1,i,-1,-i$. In numerous
calculations which have been carried out so far, our algorithm has been
surprisingly stable and never failed. There are numerical indications that the
probability of period finding given by the algorithm is a slowly decreasing
function of the number to be factorized and is typically less than in Shor's
algorithm. On the other hand, quantum computer (QC), capable of implementing
our algorithm, will require a much less amount of resources and will be much
less error-sensitive than standard QC. We also propose a modification of
Coppersmith' Approximate Fast Fourier Transform. The numerical results show
that the probability is signifacantly amplified even in the first post integral
approximation. Our algorithm can be very useful at early stages of development
of quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87103 </DOCNO>
Equivalence Between Space-Time-Matter and Brane-World Theories


  We study the relationship between space-time-matter (STM) and brane theories.
These two theories look very different at first sight, and have different
motivation for the introduction of a large extra dimension. However, we show
that they are equivalent to each other. First we demonstrate that STM predicts
local and non-local high-energy corrections to general relativity in 4D, which
are identical to those predicted by brane-world models. Secondly, we notice
that in brane models the usual matter in 4D is a consequence of the dependence
of five-dimensional metrics on the extra coordinate. If the 5D bulk metric is
independent of the extra dimension, then the brane is void of matter. Thus, in
brane theory matter and geometry are unified, which is exactly the paradigm
proposed in STM. Consequently, these two 5D theories share the same concepts
and predict the same physics. This is important not only from a theoretical
point of view, but also in practice. We propose to use a combination of both
methods to alleviate the difficult task of finding solutions on the brane. We
show an explicit example that illustrate the feasibility of our proposal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179528 </DOCNO>
Magnetic moment and radius of the nucleon in a nonlocal model of


  Magnetic moment and radius of the nucleon are calculated in a nonlocal
extension of the chiral linear \sigma-model. Properties of the nonlocal model
under the vector and axial transformations are considered. The conserved
electromagnetic and vector currents, and partially conserved axial vector
current are obtained. In the calculation of the nucleon electromagnetic vertex
the \pi- and \sigma-loop diagrams are included. Contribution from vector mesons
is added in the vector meson dominance model with a gauge-invariant
photon-meson coupling. The nonlocality parameter associated with the \pi N
interaction is fixed from the experimental magnetic moment of the neutron.
Other parameters (nonlocality parameter for the \sigma N interaction and the
mass of the \sigma-meson) are constrained by the magnetic moment of the proton.
The calculated electric and magnetic mean-square radii of the proton and
neutron are in satisfactory agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129562 </DOCNO>
The primordial baryonic clouds and their contribution to the CMB


  We discuss possible distortions of the ionization history of the Universe in
the model with small scale baryonic clouds. The corresponding scales of the
clouds are much smaller than the typical galactic mass scales. These clouds are
considered in a framework of the cosmological model with the isocurvature and
adiabatic perturbations. In this model the baryonic clouds do not influence on
the cosmic microwave background anisotropy formation directly as an additional
sources of perturbations, but due to change of the kinetics of the hydrogen
recombination . We also study the corresponding distortions of the anisotropy
and polarization power spectra in connection with the launched MAP and future
PLANCK missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2985 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect in real quantum dots


  Exchange interaction within a quantum dot strongly affects the transport
through it in the Kondo regime. In a striking difference with the results of
the conventional model, where this interaction is neglected, here the
temperature and magnetic field dependence of the conductance may become
non-monotonic: its initial increase follows by a drop when temperature and
magnetic field are lowered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83978 </DOCNO>
Applications of the Differential Calculus in the Study of the Timed


  We write the relations that characterize the simpliest timed automaton, the
inertial delay buffer, in two versions: the non-deterministic and the
deterministic one, by making use of the derivatives of the R->{0,1} functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168444 </DOCNO>
A note on the non-adiabatic geometric phase and quantum computation


  We consider the non-adiabatic, or Aharonov-Anandan, geometric phase as a tool
for intrinsically fault-tolerant quantum computation. While this phase seems to
answer many of the issues related to the adiabatic version of the geometric
gate, we show that it is not straightforward to implement and that it is
sensitive to small errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2365 </DOCNO>
Role of saddles in mean-field dynamics above the glass transition


  Recent numerical developments in the study of glassy systems have shown that
it is possible to give a purely geometric interpretation of the dynamic glass
transition by considering the properties of unstable saddle points of the
energy. Here we further develop this program in the context of a mean-field
model, by analytically studying the properties of the closest saddle point to
an equilibrium configuration of the system. We prove that when the glass
transition is approached the energy of the closest saddle goes to the threshold
energy, defined as the energy level below which the degree of instability of
the typical stationary points vanishes. Moreover, we show that the distance
between a typical equilibrium configuration and the closest saddle is always
very small and that, surprisingly, it is almost independent of the temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98215 </DOCNO>
Zero-energy resonances and the flux -across-surfaces theorem


  The flux-across-surfaces conjecture represents a corner stone in quantum
scattering theory because it is the key-assumption needed to prove the usual
relation between differential cross section and scattering amplitude. We
improve a recent result [TDMB] by proving the conjecture also in presence of
zero-energy resonances or eigenvalues, both in point and potential scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4352 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phases of Vortices in Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We investigate the groundstates of weakly interacting bosons in a rotating
trap as a function of the number of bosons, $N$, and the average number of
vortices, $N_V$. We identify the filling fraction $\nu\equiv N/N_V$ as the
parameter controlling the nature of these states. We present results indicating
that, as a function of $\nu$, there is a zero temperature {\it phase
transition} between a triangular vortex lattice phase, and strongly-correlated
vortex liquid phases. The vortex liquid phases appear to be the Read-Rezayi
parafermion states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 551 </DOCNO>
A Price Dynamics in Bandwidth Markets for Point-to-point Connections


  We simulate a network of N routers and M network users making concurrent
point-to-point connections by buying and selling router capacity from each
other. The resources need to be acquired in complete sets, but there is only
one spot market for each router. In order to describe the internal dynamics of
the market, we model the observed prices by N-dimensional Ito-processes.
Modeling using stochastic processes is novel in this context of describing
interactions between end-users in a system with shared resources, and allows a
standard set of mathematical tools to be applied. The derived models can also
be used to price contingent claims on network capacity and thus to price
complex network services such as quality of service levels, multicast, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73615 </DOCNO>
Higher and missing resonances in omega photoproduction


  We study the role of the nucleon resonances ($N^*$) in $\omega$
photoproduction by using the quark model resonance parameters predicted by
Capstick and Roberts. The employed $\gamma N \to N^*$ and $N^* \to \omega N$
amplitudes include the configuration mixing effects due to the residual
quark-quark interactions. The contributions from the nucleon resonances are
found to be important in the differential cross sections at large scattering
angles and various spin observables. In particular, the parity asymmetry and
beam-target double asymmetry at forward scattering angles are suggested for a
crucial test of our predictions. The dominant contributions are found to be
from $N\frac32^+ (1910)$, a missing resonance, and $N\frac32^- (1960)$ which is
identified as the $D_{13}(2080)$ of the Particle Data Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73540 </DOCNO>
Gluon Pair Production from a Space-Time Dependent Classical Chromofield


  We investigate the production of gluon pairs from a space-time dependent
classical chromofield via vacuum polarization within the framework of the
background field method of QCD. The investigation of the production of gluon
pairs is important in the study of the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma in
ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77061 </DOCNO>
Describing F_2 through a finite sum of gluon ladders


  Electroproduction in deep inelastic scattering at HERA is studied in a model
considering a finite sum of gluon ladders, associated with a truncation of the
BFKL series. The approach contains the bare two gluon exchange and both one and
two rungs contributions. The model is fitted to the data on the inclusive
structure function F_2(x,Q^2) in the region x<0.025 and 0.045<Q^2<1500 GeV^2,
with a good agreement. Such a description for a large span in Q^2 is obtained
through a suitable modeling of the remaining non-perturbative background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72859 </DOCNO>
Group-Variation Equations for the Coefficients in the 1/N Expansions of


  The coefficients in the 1/N expansions of the vacuum expectation values and
correlation functions of Wilson loops, in continuum SU(N) gauge theories in 3+1
dimensions, are shown to be determined by a closed and complete set of
equations, called the Group-Variation Equations, that exhibit a simple and
robust mechanism for the emergence of massive glueballs and the Wilson area
law. The equations predict that the cylinder-topology minimal-area spanning
surface term in the two-glueball correlation function, when it exists, must be
multiplied by a pre-exponential factor, which for large area A of the
minimal-area cylinder-topology surface, decreases with increasing A at least as
fast as $1/\ln(\sigma A)$. If this factor decreases faster than $1/\ln(\sigma
A)$, then the mass $m_{0^{++}}$ of the lightest glueball, and the coefficient
$\sigma$ of the area in the Wilson area law, are determined in a precisely
parallel manner, and the equations give a zeroth-order estimate of
$m_{0^{++}}/\sqrt{\sigma}$ of 2.38, about 33% less than the best lattice value,
without the need for a full calculation of any of the terms in the right-hand
sides. The large distance behaviour of the vacuum expectation values and
correlation functions is completely determined by terms called island diagrams,
the dominant contributions to which come from islands of \emph{fixed} size of
about $1/\sqrt{\sigma}$. The value of $\sigma$ is determined by the point at
which $|\beta(g)/g|$ reaches a critical value, and since the large distance
behaviour of all physical quantities is determined by islands of the fixed size
$1/\sqrt{\sigma}$, the running coupling $g^2$ never increases beyond the value
at which $|\beta(g)/g|$ reaches the critical value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5525 </DOCNO>
Coil-Globule Transition for Regular, Random and Specially Designed


  The coil-globule transition has been studied for A-B copolymer chains both by
means of lattice Monte Carlo simulations using bond fluctuation algorithm and
by a numerical self-consistent field method. Copolymer chains of fixed length
with A and B monomeric units with regular, random and specially designed
(protein-like) primary sequences have been investigated. The dependence of the
transition temperature on the AB sequence has been analyzed. A protein-like
copolymer is more stable than a copolymer with statistically random sequence.
The transition is more sharpe for random copolymers. It is found that there
exist a temperature below which the chain appears to be in the lowest energy
state (ground state). Both for random and protein-like sequences and for
regular copolymers with a relatively long repeating block, a molten globule
regime is found between the ground state temperature and the transition
temperature. For regular block copolymers the transition temperature increases
with block size. Qualitatively, the results from both methods are in agreement.
Differences between the methods result from approximations in the SCF theory
and equilibration problems in MC simulations. The two methods are thus
complementary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74354 </DOCNO>
epsilon'/epsilon and Chiral Dynamics


  The long-distance contributions to $K\to 2\pi$ amplitudes can be pinned down,
using well established Chiral Perturbation Theory techniques. The strong
S--wave rescattering of the two final pions generates sizeable chiral loop
corrections, which have an important impact on the direct CP violation ratio
epsilon'/epsilon. Including all large logarithmic corrections, both at short
and long distances, the Standard Model Prediction for this observable is found
to be Re(epsilon'/epsilon) = (1.7\pm 0.9) 10^{-3}, in good agreement with the
most recent experimental measurements. A better estimate of the strange quark
mass could reduce the theoretical uncertainty to 30%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1923 </DOCNO>
Depleted Kondo Lattices


  We consider a two dimensional Kondo lattice model with exchange J and hopping
t in which three out of four impurity spins are removed in a regular way. At
the particle-hole symmetric point the model may be studied with auxiliary field
quantum Monte Carlo methods without sign problems. To achieve the relevant
energy scales on finite clusters, we introduce a simple method to reduce size
effects by up to an order of magnitude in temperature. In this model, a
metallic phase survives up to arbitrarily low temperatures before being
disrupted by magnetic fluctuations which open a gap in the charge sector. We
study the formation of the heavy-electron state with emphasis on a crossover
scale T* defined by the maximum in the resistivity versus temperature curve.
The behavior of thermodynamic properties such as specific heat as well as spin
and charge uniform susceptibilities are studied as the temperature varies in a
wide range across T*. Within our accuracy T* compares well to the Kondo scale
of the related single impurity problem. Finally our QMC resuls are compared
with mean-field approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174657 </DOCNO>
Information on antiprotonic atoms and the nuclear periphery from the


  In the PS209 experiments at CERN two kinds of measurements were performed:
the in-beam measurement of X-rays from antiprotonic atoms and the
radiochemical, off-line determination of the yield of annihilation products
with mass number A_t -1 (less by 1 than the target mass). Both methods give
observables which allows to study the peripheral matter density composition and
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150098 </DOCNO>
Partial Supersymmetry Breaking and AdS4 Supermembrane


  We consider partial spontaneous breaking of N=1 AdS4 supersymmetry OSp(1|4)
down to N=1, d=3 Poincare supersymmetry in the nonlinear realizations
framework. We construct the corresponding worldvolume Goldstone superfield
action and show that it describes the N=1 AdS4 supermembrane. It enjoys
OSp(1|4) supersymmetry realized as a field-dependent modification of N=1, d=3
superconformal symmetry and goes into the superfield action of ordinary N=1,
D=4 supermembrane in the flat limit. Its bosonic core is the Maldacena-type
conformally invariant action of the AdS4 membrane. We show how to reproduce the
latter action within a nonlinear realization of the AdS4 group SO(2,3). The
same universal nonlinear realizations techniques can be used to construct
conformally-invariant worldvolume actions for (d-2)-branes in generic AdSd
spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 29 </DOCNO>
Crossover between Thermally Assisted and Pure Quantum Tunneling in


  The crossover between thermally assisted and pure quantum tunneling has been
studied in single crystals of high spin (S=10) uniaxial molecular magnet Mn12
using micro-Hall-effect magnetometry. Magnetic hysteresis and relaxation
experiments have been used to investigate the energy levels that determine the
magnetization reversal as a function of magnetic field and temperature. These
experiments demonstrate that the crossover occurs in a narrow (0.1 K) or broad
(1 K) temperature interval depending on the magnitude of the field transverse
to the anisotropy axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114120 </DOCNO>
Photon emission by ultra-relativistic positrons in crystalline


  This paper discusses the undulator radiation emitted by high-energy positrons
during planar channeling in periodically bent crystals. We demonstrate that the
construction of the undulator for positrons with energies of 10 GeV and above
is only possible if one takes into account the radiative energy losses. The
frequency of the undulator radiation depends on the energy of the particle.
Thus the decrease of the particle's energy during the passage of the crystal
should result in the destruction of the undulator radiation regime. However, we
demonstrate that it is possible to avoid the destructive influence of the
radiative losses on the frequency of the undulator radiation by the appropriate
variation of the shape of the crystal channels. We also discuss a method by
which, to our mind, it would be possible to prepare the crystal with the
desired properties of its channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179277 </DOCNO>
The production of eta-mesons in nucleon-nucleon collisions near


  Data on the total cross sections for the pp -> pp eta, pn -> pn eta, and pn
-> d eta reactions and the pp -> pp eta differential cross section near
threshold are analysed in a one-meson-exchange model. After including initial
and final-state nucleon-nucleon distortion, the magnitude and most of the
energy dependence are well reproduced. It is found that the contribution of
rho-exchange is larger than that of pi-exchange. With destructive rho/pi
interference in the pp case, the model explains quantitatively the pp -> pp
eta/pn -> pn eta cross section ratio and the slope of the pp -> pp eta
differential cross section. Such an agreement would be destroyed by any
significant eta-exchange term. The residual energy dependence may be associated
with eta-nucleon rescattering that has not been taken into account. The pn ->
pn eta/pn -> d eta ratio depends weakly upon the nature of the particle
exchanges, being determined primarily by the nucleon-nucleon final state
interactions. The proton analysing power is predicted to remain small in the
low energy region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4129 </DOCNO>
A quasi-pure Bose-Einstein condensate immersed in a Fermi sea


  We report the observation of co-existing Bose-Einstein condensate and Fermi
gas in a magnetic trap. With a very small fraction of thermal atoms, the 7Li
condensate is quasi-pure and in thermal contact with a 6Li Fermi gas. The
lowest common temperature is 0.28 muK = 0.2(1) T_C = 0.2(1) T_F where T_C is
the BEC critical temperature and T_F the Fermi temperature. Behaving as an
ideal gas in the radial trap dimension, the condensate is one-dimensional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99241 </DOCNO>
Annuities under random rates of interest - revisited


  In the article we consider accumulated values of annuities-certain with
yearly payments with independent random interest rates. We focus on annuities
with payments varying in arithmetic and geometric progression which are
important basic varying annuities (see Kellison, 1991). They appear to be a
generalization of the types studied recently by Zaks (2001). We derive, via
recursive relationships, mean and variance formulae of the final values of the
annuities. As a consequence, we obtain moments related to the already discussed
cases, which leads to a correction of main results from Zaks (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150200 </DOCNO>
G(2) Holonomy Spaces from Invariant Three-Forms


  We construct several new G(2) holonomy metrics that play an important role in
recent studies of geometrical transitions in compactifications of M-theory to
four dimensions. In type IIA string theory these metrics correspond to D6
branes wrapped on the three-cycle of the deformed conifold and the resolved
conifold with two-form RR flux on the blown-up two-sphere, which are related by
a conifold transition. We also study a G(2) metric that is related in type IIA
to the line bundle over S^2 x S^2 with RR two-form flux. Our approach exploits
systematically the definition of torsion-free G(2) structures in terms of
three-forms which are closed and co-closed. Besides being an elegant formalism
this turns out to be a practical tool to construct G(2) holonomy metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 826 </DOCNO>
Effective s- and p-Wave Contact Interactions in Trapped Degenerate Fermi


  The structure and stability of dilute degenerate Fermi gases trapped in an
external potential is discussed with special emphasis on the influence of s-
and p-wave interactions. In a first step an Effective Contact Interaction for
all partial waves is derived, which reproduces the energy spectrum of the full
potential within a mean-field model space. Using the s- and p-wave part the
energy density of the multi-component Fermi gas is calculated in Thomas-Fermi
approximation. On this basis the stability of the one- and two-component Fermi
gas against mean-field induced collapse is investigated. Explicit stability
conditions in terms of density and total particle number are given. For the
single-component system attractive p-wave interactions limit the density of the
gas. In the two-component case a subtle competition of s- and p-wave
interactions occurs and gives rise to a rich variety of phenomena. A repulsive
p-wave part, for example, can stabilize a two-component system that would
otherwise collapse due to an attractive s-wave interaction. It is concluded
that the p-wave interaction may have important influence on the structure of
degenerate Fermi gases and should not be discarded from the outset.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148601 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Flat Directions and Analytic Gauge Invariants


  We review some aspects of the correspondence between analytic gauge
invariants and supersymmetric flat directions for vanishing D-terms and propose
a criterion to include the F-term constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6437 </DOCNO>
First-Principles Calculation of the Superconducting Transition in MgB2


  We present a study of the superconducting transition in MgB2 using the
ab-initio pseudopotential density functional method and the fully anisotropic
Eliashberg equation. Our study shows that the anisotropic Eliashberg equation,
constructed with ab-initio calculated momentum-dependent electron-phonon
interaction and anharmonic phonon frequencies, yields an average
electron-phonon coupling constant lambda = 0.61, a transition temperature Tc =
39 K, and a boron isotope-effect exponent alphaB = 0.31 with a reasonable
assumption of mu* = 0.12. The calculated values for Tc, lambda, and alphaB are
in excellent agreement with transport, specific heat, and isotope effect
measurements respectively. The individual values of the electron-phonon
coupling lambda(k,k') on the various pieces of the Fermi surface however vary
from 0.1 to 2.5. The observed Tc is a result of both the raising effect of
anisotropy in the electron-phonon couplings and the lowering effect of
anharmonicity in the relevant phonon modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 258 </DOCNO>
Considerations on the quantum double-exchange Hamiltonian


  Schwinger bosons allow for an advantageous representation of quantum
double-exchange. We review this subject, comment on previous results, and
address the transition to the semiclassical limit. We derive an effective
fermionic Hamiltonian for the spin-dependent hopping of holes interacting with
a background of local spins, which is used in a related publication within a
two-phase description of colossal magnetoresistant manganites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86103 </DOCNO>
Watching Gravitational Waves


  In the vicinity of merging neutron strar binaries or supernova remnants,
gravitational waves can interact with the prevailing strong magnetic fields.
The resulting partial conversion of gravitational waves into electromagnetic
(radio) waves might prove to be an indirect way of detecting gravitational
waves from such sources.
  Another interesting interaction considered in this article is the excitation
of magnetosonic plasma waves by a gravitational wave passing through the
surrounding plasma. The transfer of gravitational wave energy into the plasma
might help to fuel the `fireball' of electromagnetic radiation observed in
gamma ray bursts. In the last section of the article, a dispersion relation is
derived for such magnetosonic plasma waves driven by a gravitational wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40970 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Neutrino Oscillations from the Observation of Electron


  A search for muon anti-neutrino to electron anti-neutrino oscillations was
conducted by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector at the Los Alamos
Neutron Science Center using muon anti-neutrinos from positive muon decay at
rest. A total excess of 87.9 +/- 22.4 +/- 6.0 events consistent with electron
anti-neutrino plus proton scattering to positron plus neutron was observed
above the expected background. This excess corresponds to an oscillation
probability of (0.264 +/- 0.067 +/- 0.045), which is consistent with an earlier
analysis. In conjunction with other known limits on neutrino oscillations, the
LSND data suggest that neutrino oscillations occur in the 0.2-10 eV^2/c^4
Delta-m^2 range, indicating a neutrino mass greater than 0.4 eV/c^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7343 </DOCNO>
Detailed single crystal EPR lineshape measurements for the single


  It is shown that our multi-high-frequency (40-200 GHz) resonant cavity
technique yields distortion-free high field EPR spectra for single crystal
samples of the uniaxial and biaxial spin S = 10 single molecule magnets (SMMs)
[Mn12O12(CH3COO)16(H2O)4].2CH3COOH.4H2O and [Fe8O2(OH)12(tacn)6]Br8.9H2O. The
observed lineshapes exhibit a pronounced dependence on temperature, magnetic
field, and the spin quantum numbers (Ms values) associated with the levels
involved in the transitions. Measurements at many frequencies allow us to
separate various contributions to the EPR linewidths, including significant
D-strain, g-strain and broadening due to the random dipolar fields of
neighboring molecules. We also identify asymmetry in some of the EPR lineshapes
for Fe8, and a previously unobserved fine structure to some of the EPR lines
for both the Fe8 and Mn12 systems. These findings prove relevant to the
mechanism of quantum tunneling of magnetization in these SMMs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95902 </DOCNO>
Second quantization of the elliptic Calogero-Sutherland model


  We use loop group techniques to construct a quantum field theory model of
anyons on a circle and at finite temperature. We find an anyon Hamiltonian
providing a second quantization of the elliptic Calogero-Sutherland model. This
allows us to prove a remarkable identity which is a starting point for an
algorithm to construct eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the elliptic
Calogero-Sutherland Hamiltonian (this algorithm is elaborated elsewhere).
  This paper contains a detailed introduction, technical details and proofs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129365 </DOCNO>
Hard X-ray states and radio emission in GRS 1915+105


  We have compared simultaneous Ryle Telescope radio and Rossi X-Ray Timing
Explorer X-ray observations of the galactic microquasar GRS 1915+105, using the
classification of the X-ray behaviour in terms of three states as previously
established. We find a strong (one-to-one) relation between radio oscillation
events and series of spectrally hard states in the X-ray light curves, if the
hard states are longer than ~100s and are "well separated" from each other. In
all other cases the source either shows a low-level or a high level radio
emission, but no radio oscillation events. During intervals when the source
stays in the hard spectral state for periods of days to months, the radio
behaviour is quite different; during some of these intervals a quasi-continuous
jet is formed with an almost flat synchrotron spectrum extending to at least
the near-infrared. Based on the similarities between the oscillation profiles
at different wavelengths, we suggest a scenario which can explain most of the
complex X-ray : radio behaviour of GRS 1915+105. We compare this behaviour with
that of other black hole sources and challenge previous reports of a relation
between spectrally soft X-ray states and the radio emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168175 </DOCNO>
Integral equations of scattering in one dimension


  A self-contained discussion of integral equations of scattering is presented
in the case of centrally-symmetric potentials in one dimension, which will
facilitate the understanding of more complex scattering integral equations in
two and three dimensions. The present discussion illustrates in a simple
fashion the concept of partial-wave decomposition, Green's function,
Lippmann-Schwinger integral equations of scattering for wave function and
transition operator, optical theorem and unitarity relation. We illustrate the
present approach with a Dirac delta potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98964 </DOCNO>
Graded extension of SO(2,1) Lie algebra and the search for exact


  SO(2,1) is the symmetry algebra for a class of three-parameter problems that
includes the oscillator, Coulomb and Morse potentials as well as other problems
at zero energy. All of the potentials in this class can be mapped into the
oscillator potential by point canonical transformations. We call this class the
"oscillator class". A nontrivial graded extension of SO(2,1) is defined and its
realization by two-dimensional matrices of differential operators acting in
spinor space is given. It turns out that this graded algebra is the
supersymmetry algebra for a class of relativistic potentials that includes the
Dirac-Oscillator, Dirac-Coulomb and Dirac-Morse potentials. This class is, in
fact, the relativistic extension of the oscillator class. A new point canonical
transformation, which is compatible with the relativistic problem, is
formulated. It maps all of these relativistic potentials into the
Dirac-Oscillator potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97225 </DOCNO>
Self-dual modules of semisimple Hopf algebras


  We prove that, over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, a
semisimple Hopf algebra that has a nontrivial self-dual simple module must have
even dimension. This generalizes a classical result of W. Burnside. As an
application, we show under the same assumptions that a semisimple Hopf algebra
that has a simple module of even dimension must itself have even dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76828 </DOCNO>
The Effective $\eta^\prime g^* g^*$ Vertex at Arbitrary Gluon


  The effective $\eta^\prime g^* g^*$ vertex is studied in the standard
(Brodsky-Lepage) and modified hard scattering approaches for arbitrary gluon
virtualities in the time-like and space-like regions. The contribution of the
gluons in the $\eta^\prime$-meson is taken into account, and the wave-function
is constrained using data on the electromagnetic transition form factor of the
$\eta^\prime$ meson. Our results have implications for the inclusive decay $B
\to \eta^\prime X$ and exclusive decays, such as $B \to \eta^\prime (K, K^*)$,
and in hadronic production processes $N + N (\bar N) \to \eta^\prime X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179241 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Jet Quenching at RHIC and the Opacity of the Produced Gluon


  The predicted quenching of jets in A+A at RHIC energies has been discovered
by STAR and PHENIX in preliminary data reported at this conference. We apply
the GLV theory of QCD radiative energy loss to estimate the opacity,
L/\lambda_g, of the gluon plasma produced in Au+Au collisions at 130 AGeV. We
show that (in contrast to the factor of two Cronin enhancement of \pi^0 found
at the SPS by WA98) the factor of 5-8 suppression of p_T \sim 2-4 GeV \pi^0
reported by PHENIX can be accounted for with an effective static plasma opacity
L/\lambda_g \approx 3-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76466 </DOCNO>
Instanton liquid at finite quark density


  The interaction of light quarks and instanton liquid in the phase of nonzero
values of chiral condensate is studied at finite quark/baryon density.
Calculating the generating functional in the tadpole approximation we
investigate the behaviour of dynamical quark mass and chiral condensate
together with instanton liquid density (which shows insignificant increase) as
a function of quark/baryon chemical potential. We argue on the noticeable
increase of quark density at the point of developing the nonzero magnitude of
diquark condensate due only to the quark interaction with the instanton liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113440 </DOCNO>
Parametric autoresonance


  We investigate parametric autoresonance: a persisting phase locking which
occurs when the driving frequency of a parametrically excited nonlinear
oscillator slowly varies with time. In this regime, the resonant excitation is
continuous and unarrested by the oscillator nonlinearity. The system has three
characteristic time scales, the fastest one corresponding to the natural
frequency of the oscillator. We perform averaging over the fastest time scale
and analyze the reduced set of equations analytically and numerically.
Analytical results are obtained by exploiting the scale separation between the
two remaining time scales which enables one to use the adiabatic invariant of
the perturbed nonlinear motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128539 </DOCNO>
A Textbook Example of a Bow Shock in the Merging Galaxy Cluster


  The Chandra image of the merging, hot galaxy cluster 1E0657-56 reveals a bow
shock propagating in front of a bullet-like gas cloud just exiting the
disrupted cluster core. This is the first clear example of a shock front in a
cluster. From the jumps in the gas density and temperature at the shock, the
Mach number of the bullet-like cloud is 2-3. This corresponds to a velocity of
3000-4000 km/s relative to the main cluster, which means that the cloud
traversed the core just 0.1-0.2 Gyr ago. The 6-7 keV "bullet" appears to be a
remnant of a dense cooling flow region once located at the center of a merging
subcluster whose outer gas has been stripped by ram pressure. The bullet's
shape indicates that it is near the final stage of being destroyed by ram
pressure and gas dynamic instabilities, as the subcluster galaxies move well
ahead of the cool gas. The unique simplicity of the shock front and bullet
geometry in 1E0657-56 may allow a number of interesting future measurements.
The cluster's average temperature is 14-15 keV but shows large spatial
variations. The hottest gas (T>20 keV) lies in the region of the radio halo
enhancement and extensive merging activity involving subclusters other than the
bullet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74520 </DOCNO>
Global Analysis of Solar Neutrinos with Magnetic Moment and Solar Field


  A global statistical analysis of the pre-SNO solar neutrino data including
the rates and recoil electron spectrum in SuperKamiokande is made assuming the
solar neutrino deficit to be resolved by the interaction of the neutrino
magnetic moment with the solar magnetic field. Given the general
characteristics of the field profiles known to lead to the best event rate
predictions, several specific choices of profiles are assumed and global fits
investigated. Whereas previous studies revealed an excellent quality of the
rate fits within the magnetic moment solution to the solar neutrino problem,
the global fits are found to be only of reasonable quality and comparable to
the global oscillation fits. This is related to the difficulty of any
theoretical model to provide at present an adjustable prediction to the
spectral data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5808 </DOCNO>
A Stochastic Model for the Evolution of the Web


  Recently several authors have proposed stochastic models of the growth of the
Web graph that give rise to power-law distributions. These models are based on
the notion of preferential attachment leading to the ``rich get richer''
phenomenon. However, these models fail to explain several distributions arising
from empirical results, due to the fact that the predicted exponent is not
consistent with the data. To address this problem, we extend the evolutionary
model of the Web graph by including a non-preferential component, and we view
the stochastic process in terms of an urn transfer model. By making this
extension, we can now explain a wider variety of empirically discovered
power-law distributions provided the exponent is greater than two. These
include: the distribution of incoming links, the distribution of outgoing
links, the distribution of pages in a Web site and the distribution of visitors
to a Web site. A by-product of our results is a formal proof of the convergence
of the standard stochastic model (first proposed by Simon).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123519 </DOCNO>
Ballooning Instability in Polar Caps of Accreting Neutron Stars


  We assess the stability of Kruskal-Schwarzschild (magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor)
type modes for accreted matter on the surface of a neutron star confined by a
strong (>= 1.E12 G) magnetic field. Employing the energy principle to analyze
the stability of short-wavelength ballooning modes, we find that line-tying to
the neutron star crust stabilizes these modes until the overpressure at the top
of the neutron star crust exceeds the magnetic pressure by a factor ~ 8(a/h),
where a and h are respectively the lateral extent of the accretion region and
the density scale height. The most unstable modes are localized within a
density scale height above the crust. We calculate the amount of mass that can
be accumulated at the polar cap before the onset of instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114355 </DOCNO>
Development of an Interpreter Program for an Equipment Control


  A message oriented software scheme is used for the SPring-8 beamline control.
In the early stage, we developed customized control programs for each beamline.
As the number of beamlines increased, however, it became necessary to introduce
a general software scheme that cloud handle the control sequence for every
beamline. We developed a new server program, Command Interpreter (CI), as a
software framework. The CI interprets a high-level compound message issued from
client programs and decomposes it to a set of primitive control messages. The
message are sent to the VME computers afterwards. For flexibility, the
operation sequences specific to the individual baemline component are
standardized and defined in the interface definition files. Using the CI, the
response time overhead is reduced to 26% and the XAFS measurement time also
decreases by about 50%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4658 </DOCNO>
Patterns, Trends and Predictions in stock market indices and foreign


  Specialized topics on financial data analysis from a numerical and physical
point of view are discussed. They pertain to the analysis of crash prediction
in stock market indices and to the persistence or not of coherent and random
sequences in fluctuations of foreign exchange currency rates. A brief
historical introduction to crashes is given, including recent observations on
the DJIA and the S&P500. Daily data of the DAX index are specifically used for
illustration. The method for visualizing the pattern thought to be the
precursor signature of financial crashes is outlined. The log-periodicity of
the pattern is investigated. Comparison of patterns before and after crash days
is made through the power spectrum. The corresponding fractal dimension of the
signal looks like that of a percolation backbone. Next the fluctuations of
exchange rates (XR) of currencies forming $EUR$ with respect to $USD$ are
analyzed. The XR power spectra are calculated before and after crashes. A
detrended fluctuation analysis is performed. The characteristic exponents
$\beta$ and $\alpha$ respectively, are compared, including the time dependence
of each $\alpha$, found to be singular near crash dates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86953 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Dynamics of Vector Bosons in the Field of Gravitational


  We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons,
which includes both the dynamical equations for the particle four-velocity and
the equations for the polarization four-vector evolution in the field of a
nonlinear plane gravitational wave. In addition to the gravitational minimal
coupling, tidal forces linear in curvature tensor are suggested to drive the
particle state evolution. The exact solutions of the evolutionary equations are
obtained. Birefringence and tidal deviations from the geodesic motion are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2542 </DOCNO>
Form and width of spectral line of Josephson Flux-Flow oscillator


  The behavior of a Josephson flux-flow oscillator in the presence of both bias
current and magnetic field fluctuations has been studied. To derive the
equation for slow phase dynamics in the limit of small noise intensity the
Poincare method has been used. Both the form of spectral line and the linewidth
of the flux-flow oscillator have been derived exactly on the basis of technique
presented in the book of Malakhov, known limiting cases are considered, limits
of their applicability are discussed and appearance of excess noise is
explained. Good coincidence of theoretical description with experimental
results has been demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129296 </DOCNO>
Conference Summary


  Concluding remarks at the international workshop ``Tracing Cosmic Evolution
with Galaxy Clusters", held at Sesto Pusteria, Italy, July 3-6, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1778 </DOCNO>
Are Quantum-Cascade Lasers really quantum?


  The first global simulation of semiconductor-based quantum-cascade lasers is
presented; Our fully three-dimensional approach allows to study in a purely
microscopic way -without resorting to phenomenological parameters- the
current-voltage characteristics of state-of-the-art unipolar nanostructures.
Based on the proposed theoretical scheme, we are able to give a definite answer
to the long-standing controversial question: is charge transport in
quantum-cascade lasers mainly coherent or incoherent? Our analysis clearly
shows that a proper inclusion of carrier-phonon as well as carrier-carrier
scattering within a semiclassical framework gives excellent agreement with
experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77048 </DOCNO>
Passing through the bounce in the ekpyrotic models


  By considering a simplified but exact model for realizing the ekpyrotic
scenario, we clarify various assumptions that have been used in the literature.
In particular, we discuss the new ekpyrotic prescription for passing the
perturbations through the singularity which we show to provide a spectrum
depending on a non physical normalization function. We also show that this
prescription does not reproduce the exact result for a sharp transition. Then,
more generally, we demonstrate that, in the only case where a bounce can be
obtained in Einstein General Relativity without facing singularities and/or
violation of the standard energy conditions, the bounce cannot be made
arbitrarily short. This contrasts with the standard (inflationary) situation
where the transition between two eras with different values of the equation of
state can be considered as instantaneous. We then argue that the usually
conserved quantities are not constant on a typical bounce time scale. Finally,
we also examine the case of a test scalar field (or gravitational waves) where
similar results are obtained. We conclude that the full dynamical equations of
the underlying theory should be solved in a non singular case before any
conclusion can be drawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83681 </DOCNO>
Model Checking Contractual Protocols


  This paper discusses how model checking, a technique used for the
verification of behavioural requirements of dynamic systems, can be usefully
deployed for the verification of contracts. A process view of agreements
between parties is taken, whereby a contract is modelled as it evolves over
time in terms of actions or more generally events that effect changes in its
state. Modelling is done with Petri Nets in the spirit of other research work
on the representation of trade procedures. The paper illustrates all the phases
of the verification technique through an example and argues that the approach
is useful particularly in the context of pre-contractual negotiation and
contract drafting. The work reported here is part of a broader project on the
development of logic-based tools for the analysis and representation of legal
contracts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76621 </DOCNO>
Implications from recent measurements on sin 2\beta and muon g-2


  The recent data on CP asymmetry in $B->J/\Psi K_S$ and muon g-2 are discussed
in the framework of standard model and beyond. Possible new phase effects
besides the CKM phase are discussed in the processes concerning CP violation in
B decays and muon anomalous magnetic moment (muon g-2). It is found that the
new phases will result in difference between angles $beta$ measured from
$B->J/\Psi K_S$ and the one from global fit. The ration between them serves as
a probe of not only new physics but also new phase besides the CKM phase In the
case of muon g-2, the new phase may change the interferences between various
contributions. By including the new phases, some cancelations in the real
coupling cases can be avoided and the large value of muon g-2 observed in the
recent measurements can be understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129224 </DOCNO>
On the large escape of ionizing radiation from GEHRs


  A thorough analysis of well studied giant HII regions on galactic discs for
which we know the ionizing stellar population, the gas metallicity and the
Wolf-Rayet population, leads to photoionization models which can only match all
observed line intensity ratios ([OIII], [OII], [NII], [SII] and [SIII] with
respect to the intensity of H$\beta$), as well as the H$\beta$ luminosity and
equivalent width if one allows for an important escape of energetic ionizing
radiation. For the three regions presented here, the fractions of escaping
Lyman continuum photons amount to 10 to 73 % and, in all cases, the larger
fraction of escaping photons has energies between 13.6 and 24.4 eV. These
escaping photons clearly must have an important impact as a source of
ionization of the diffuse ionized gas (DIG) found surrounding many galaxies, as
well as of the intergalactic medium (IGM).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75567 </DOCNO>
Two-Quark Correlations in the Hard Electromagnetic Nucleon Form Factors


  The, so called, "hard-scattering approach" represents a suitable framework
for the perturbative treatment of exclusive hadronic processes at large
energies and (transverse) momentum transfers. In this context, diquarks can
serve as a useful phenomenological concept to model non-perturbative effects
which are still observable in the kinematic range accessible by present-day
experiments. We outline how a description of baryons as quark-diquark systems
can be understood as an effective theory in the sense that the pure quark
hard-scattering approach is recovered in the limit of asymptotically large
momentum transfers. Our arguments are based on a reformulation of the
hard-scattering formalism in terms of quark-diquark degrees of freedom. This
reformulation provides the exact form of photon- and gluon-diquark vertices and
corresponding vertex functions (diquark form factors) in the limit of
asymptotically large momentum transfers -- and thus also asymptotic constraints
which should be fulfilled by phenomenological quark-diquark models for hard
scattering. As an application of this reformulation we present an analysis of
the hard electromagnetic nucleon form factors with respect to their
quark-diquark content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168532 </DOCNO>
Dynamical description of quantum computing: generic nonlocality of


  We develop dynamical non-Markovian description of quantum computing in weak
coupling limit, in lowest order approximation. We show that long range memory
of quantum reservoir produces strong interrelation between structure of noise
and quantum algorithm, implying nonlocal attacks of noise. We then argue that
the quantum error correction method fails to protect quantum computation
against electromagnetic or phonon vacuum which exhibit $1/t^4$ memory. This
shows that the implicit assumption of quantum error correction theory --
independence of noise and self-dynamics -- fails in long time regimes. We also
use our approach to present {\it pure} decoherence and decoherence accompanied
by dissipation in terms of spectral density of reservoir. The so-called {\it
dynamical decoupling} method is discussed in this context. Finally, we propose
{\it minimal decoherence model}, in which the only source of decoherence is
vacuum. We optimize fidelity of quantum information processing under the
trade-off between speed of gate and strength of decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83699 </DOCNO>
Event Driven Objects


  A formal consideration in this paper is given for the essential notations to
characterize the object that is distinguished in a problem domain. The distinct
object is represented by another idealized object, which is a schematic
element. When the existence of an element is significant, then a class of these
partial elements is dropped down into actual, potential and virtual objects.
The potential objects are gathered into the variable domains which are the
extended ranges for unbound variables. The families of actual objects are shown
to be parameterized with the types and events. The transitions between events
are shown to be driven by the scripts. A computational framework arises which
is described by the commutative diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129418 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Study of Nuclear "Pasta" by Quantum Molecular Dynamics


  Structure of cold dense stellar matter at subnuclear densities is
investigated with quantum molecular dynamics (QMD). We succeeded in showing
that the phases with slab-like and rod-like nuclei etc. can be formed
dynamically without any assumptions on the nuclear shape. Our result suggests
the existence of these kinds of phases in neutron star crusts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169344 </DOCNO>
Quantum Teleportation and Entanglement Swapping for Spin Systems


  We analyse quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping for spin systems.
If the permitted operations are restricted to the Ising interaction, plus local
rotations and spin measurements, high-fidelity teleportation is achievable for
quantum states that are close to the maximally weighted spin state.
Entanglement swapping is achieved, and is maximized for a combination of
entangled states and Bell measurements that is different from the quantum
teleportation case. If more general local unitary transformations are
considered, then it is possible to achieve perfect teleportation and
entanglement swapping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73577 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Difficulties with Modified Newtonian Dynamics (or: La Fin


  The cold dark matter paradigm has been extremely successful for explaining a
wide range of cosmological phenomena. Nevertheless, since evidence for
non-baryonic dark matter remains indirect, all reasonable alternatives should
be explored. One proposed idea, involving a fundamental acceleration scale a_0
= 1-2e-10 m/s^2, is called MOdified Newtonian Dynamics or MOND. MOND was
suggested to explain the flat rotation curves of galaxies without the need for
dark matter. Whether or not it can adequately fit the available data has been
debated for almost 20 years (and we summarise many of these studies), but only
recently have there been attempts to extend MOND to larger scale regimes. We
discuss how the basic properties of MOND make it at best ambiguous to apply
these ideas to cosmological scales. We emphasize the difficulties inherent in
developing a full theory in which to embed MOND. Without such a theory there is
no obviously consistent way to discuss the early Universe and the growth of
perturbations. Recent claims that MONDian cosmology works very well are
therefore not supportable. We also provide an argument for why a_0~cH_0
naturally, a coincidence which is often suggested as a motivation for taking
MOND seriously. We discuss other alternative theories of gravity concluding, as
others have, that no metric theory extensions appear workable for explaining
rotation curves as well as other observed phenomena. The whole premise of many
of these attempts is fatally flawed - galaxies are not pre-selected, discrete,
isolated regions which formed monolithically and around which one can construct
an axially-symmetric dynamical model in order to remove the need for dark
matter. In the modern view, galaxies are part of a dynamic continuum of objects
which collectively make up the evolving large-scale structure of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129707 </DOCNO>
Circular Polarization of Radio Emission from Relativistic Jets


  In inhomogeneous optically thick synchrotron sources a substantial part of
the electron population at low energies can be hidden by self-absorption and
overpowered by high energy electrons in optically thin emission. These
invisible electrons produce Faraday rotation and conversion, leaving their
footprints in the linear and circular polarized radiation of the source. An
important factor is also the magnetic field structure, which can be
characterized in most cases by a global magnetic field and a turbulent
component. We present the basic radiative transfer coefficients for polarized
synchrotron radiation and apply them to the standard jet model for relativistic
radio jets. The model can successfully explain the unusual circular and linear
polarization of the Galactic Centre radio source Sgr A* and its sibling M81*.
It also can account for the circular polarization found in jets of more
luminous quasars and X-ray binaries. The high ratio of circular to linear
polarization requires the presence of a significant fraction of hidden matter
and low-energy electrons in these jets. The stable handedness of circular
polarization requires stable global magnetic field components with
non-vanishing magnetic flux along the jet, while the low degree of total
polarization implies also a significant turbulent field. The most favoured
magnetic field configuration is that of a helix, while a purely toroidal field
is unable to produce significant circular polarization. If connected to the
magnetosphere of the black hole, the circular polarization and the jet
direction determine the magnetic poles of the system which is stable over long
periods of time. This may also have implications for possible magnetic field
configurations in accretion flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73899 </DOCNO>
Detection of a Hypercharge Axion in ATLAS


  This Master of Science thesis treats the hypercharge axion, which is a
hypothetical pseudo-scalar particle with electroweak interactions.
  First, the theoretical context and the motivations for this study are
discussed. In short, the hypercharge axion is introduced to explain the
dominance of matter over antimatter in the universe and the existence of
large-scale magnetic fields.
  Second, the phenomenological properties are analyzed and the distinguishing
marks are underlined. These are basically the products of photons and $Z^0$s
with high transverse momenta and invariant mass equal to that of the axion.
  Third, the simulation is carried out with two photons producing the axion
which decays into $Z^0$s and/or photons. The event simulation is run through
the simulator ATLFAST of ATLAS (A Toroidal Large Hadron Collider ApparatuS) at
CERN.
  Finally, the characteristics of the axion decay are analyzed and the criteria
for detection are presented. A study of the background is also included. The
result is that for certain values of the axion mass and the mass scale (both in
the order of a TeV), the hypercharge axion could be detected in ATLAS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3085 </DOCNO>
Twocomponent Fermi vapour in a 2D rotating trap


  An exactly solvable model of two-component interacting Fermi vapour in two
dimension within Thomas Fermi approach has been proposed. We assume a realistic
off-diagonal s-wave interaction between fermions in the two hyperfine states.
The interaction is taken to be given by a screened Coulomb interaction which is
both relevant and is analytically tractable. There are two distinct limits in
the case of trapped fermionic systems: When the rotating frequency is less than
the trap frequency a Thomas-Fermi approach may be used for a reasonably large
number of particles. In the case of rapidly rotating fermions, an alternative
variational approach is used, where the local density approximation may be
applied after projecting the system on to the lowest degenerate level. Analytic
expressions for the relevant physical quantities are obtained and their
significance is discussed in both these cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124439 </DOCNO>
The ATCA Intraday Variability Survey of Extragalactic Radio Sources


  We present the results of an Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) survey
for intra-day variability (IDV) of the total and polarized flux densities of
118 compact, flat spectrum, extragalactic radio sources from the Parkes 2.7 GHz
Survey. A total of 22 total flux density IDV sources were discovered and 15
sources were found to show IDV of their polarized flux density. We discuss the
statistical properties of the IDV sources, including the distribution of source
modulation indices, and the dependence of the variability amplitude on source
spectral index and on Galactic position. We suggest interstellar scintillation
(ISS) in the Galactic interstellar medium as the most likely mechanism for IDV.
Even so, the inferred high brightness temperatures cannot be easily explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83975 </DOCNO>
An Asynchronous Automata Approach to the Semantics of Temporal Logic


  The paper presents the differential equations that characterize an
asynchronous automaton and gives their solution x:R->{0,1}x...x{0,1}. Remarks
are made on the connection between the continuous time and the discrete time of
the approach. The continuous and the discrete time, the linear and the
branching temporal logics have the semantics depending on x and their formulas
give the properties of the automaton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126163 </DOCNO>
Super Stellar Clusters in HII Galaxies


  Stellar Clusters are identified in images and in the spectra of these star
forming dwarf galaxies. These Stellar Clusters have properties similar to those
observed in other violent star forming galaxies and may the elementary entities
of a starburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72429 </DOCNO>
The Fate of Hadron Masses in Dense Matter: Hidden Local Symmetry and


  The notion that hadron masses scale according to the scaling of the quark
condensate in hadronic matter, partly supported by a number of observations in
finite nuclei, can be interpreted in terms of Harada-Yamawaki's ``vector
manifestation" (VM) of chiral symmetry. In this scenario, near chiral
restoration, the vector meson masses drop to zero {\it in the chiral limit}
with vanishing widths. This scenario appears to differ from the standard linear
sigma model scenario. We exploit a link between the VM and color-flavor locking
inferred by us from lattice data on quark number susceptibility (QNS) measured
as a function of temperature to suggest that local flavor symmetry gets mapped
to color gauge symmetry at the chiral phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7246 </DOCNO>
Statistics of charged solitons and formation of stripes


  The 2-fold degeneracy of the ground state of a quasi-one-dimensional system
allows it to support topological excitations such as solitons. We study the
combined effects of Coulomb interactions and confinement due to interchain
coupling on the statistics of such defects. We concentrate on a 2D case which
may correspond to monolayers of polyacetylene or other charge density waves.
The theory is developped by a mapping to the 2D Ising model with long-range
4-spin interactions. The phase diagram exhibits deconfined phases for liquids
and Wigner crystals of kinks and confined ones for bikinks. Also we find
aggregated phases with either infinite domain walls of kinks or finite rods of
bikinks. Roughening effects due to both temperature and Coulomb repulsion are
observed. Applications may concern the melting of stripes in doped correlated
materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4293 </DOCNO>
Correlation Structure and Fat Tails in Finance: a New Mechanism


  Fat tails in financial time series and increase of stocks cross-correlations
in high volatility periods are puzzling facts that ask for new paradigms. Both
points are of key importance in fundamental research as well as in Risk
Management (where extreme losses play a key role). In this paper we present a
new model for an ensemble of stocks that aims to encompass in a unitary picture
both these features. Equities are modelled as quasi random walk variables,
where the non-Brownian components of stocks movements are leaded by the market
trend, according to typical trader strategies. Our model suggests that
collective effects may play a very important role in the characterization of
some significantly statistical properties of financial time series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1844 </DOCNO>
Quasi Two-dimensional Transfer of Elastic Waves


  A theory for multiple scattering of elastic waves is presented in a random
medium bounded by two ideal free surfaces, whose horizontal size is infinite
and whose transverse size is smaller than the mean free path of the waves. This
geometry is relevant for seismic wave propagation in the Earth crust. We derive
a time-dependent, quasi-2D radiative transfer equation, that describes the
coupling of the eigenmodes of the layer (surface Rayleigh waves, SH waves, and
Lamb waves). Expressions are found that relate the small-scale fluctuations to
the life time of the modes and to their coupling rates. We discuss a diffusion
approximation that simplifies the mathematics of this model significantly, and
which should apply at large lapse times. Finally, coherent backscattering is
studied within the quasi-2D radiative transfer equation for different source
and detection configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95623 </DOCNO>
Holistic projection of initial conditions onto a finite difference


  Modern dynamical systems theory has previously had little to say about finite
difference and finite element approximations of partial differential equations
(Archilla, 1998). However, recently I have shown one way that centre manifold
theory may be used to create and support the spatial discretisation of \pde{}s
such as Burgers' equation (Roberts, 1998a) and the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky
equation (MacKenzie, 2000). In this paper the geometric view of a centre
manifold is used to provide correct initial conditions for numerical
discretisations (Roberts, 1997). The derived projection of initial conditions
follows from the physical processes expressed in the PDEs and so is
appropriately conservative. This rational approach increases the accuracy of
forecasts made with finite difference models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168664 </DOCNO>
Space Structure and Quantum Mechanics


  A new concept of the constitution of Nature is proposed. The constructed
submicroscopic quantum mechanics is deterministic and is characterised by
elementary excitations of the space net that is treated as the tessellation of
balls, or superparticles. Said excitations called "inertons" accompany any
canonical particle when it moves. It is shown theoretically that the
introduction of inertons obviates all conceptual difficulties of orthodox
quantum mechanics. The theory has been verified experimentally. It is argued
that just inertons play the role of real carriers in the gravitational
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127042 </DOCNO>
ASCA X-ray observations of the disk wind in the dwarf nova Z


  We present ASCA observations of the dwarf nova Z Camelopardalis during
outburst and during a transition from quiescence to another outburst.
  At the beginning of the transition the X-ray count rate was an order of
magnitude higher and the spectrum much harder than during the outburst. As the
transition progressed, the spectrum remained hard as the X-ray flux decreased
by a factor of 3, with no spectral softening. Spectral modelling reveals an
optically-thin, high-temperature component (kT$\approx$10 keV) which dominates
the transition observation and is also observed during outburst. This is
expected from material accreting onto the white dwarf surface. The outburst
spectra require additional emission at lower temperatures, either through an
additional discrete temperature component, or a combination of a cooling flow
model and an ionised absorber.
  Fits to both observations show large amounts of absorption
($N_H=8-9\times10^{21}$cm$^{-2}$), two orders of magnitude greater than the
measured interstellar value, and consistent with UV measurements of the
outburst. This suggests that a disk wind is present even in the earliest stages
of outburst, possibly before the outburst heating wave has reached the boundary
layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149154 </DOCNO>
Perturbative S-matrix in discretized light cone quantization of


  We study the S-matrix of two-dimensional \lambda\phi^4 theory in Discretized
Light Cone Quantization and show how the correct continuum limit is reached for
various processes in lowest order perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179363 </DOCNO>
Microscopic coloured quark-dynamics in the soft non-perturbative regime


  The quark-molecular-dynamics model is used to study microscopically the
dynamics of the coloured quark phase and the subsequent hadron formation in
relativistic S+Au collisions at the CERN-SPS. Particle spectra and hadron
ratios are compared to both data and the results of hadronic transport
calculations. The non-equilibrium dynamics of hadronization and the loss of
correlation among quarks are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97023 </DOCNO>
Characterization of harmonic and subharmonic functions via mean-value


  We give a characterization of harmonic and subharmonic functions in terms of
their mean values in balls and on spheres. This includes the converse of an
inequality of Beardon's for subharmonic functions. We also obtain integral
inequalities of Harnack type between these two means in general domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99235 </DOCNO>
Endomorphisms of Stable Continuous-Trace C^*-algebras


  We classify spectrum-preserving endomorphisms of stable continuous-trace
C^*-algebras up to inner automorphism by a surjective multiplicative invariant
taking values in finite dimensional vector bundles over the spectrum.
Specializing to automorphisms, this gives a different approach to results of
Phillips and Raeburn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128596 </DOCNO>
Hypernova Nucleosynthesis and Early Chemical Evolution


  We review the characteristics of nucleosynthesis in 'Hypernovae', i.e.,
supernovae with very large explosion energies ($ \gsim 10^{52} $ ergs). The
hypernova yields compared to those of ordinary core-collapse supernovae show
the following characteristics: 1) Complete Si-burning takes place in more
extended region, so that the mass ratio between the complete and incomplete Si
burning regions is generally larger in hypernovae than normal supernovae. As a
result, higher energy explosions tend to produce larger [(Zn, Co)/Fe], smaller
[(Mn, Cr)/Fe], and larger [Fe/O], which could explain the trend observed in
very metal-poor stars. 2) Si-burning takes place in lower density regions, so
that the effects of $\alpha$-rich freezeout is enhanced. Thus $^{44}$Ca,
$^{48}$Ti, and $^{64}$Zn are produced more abundantly than in normal
supernovae. The large [(Ti, Zn)/Fe] ratios observed in very metal-poor stars
strongly suggest a significant contribution of hypernovae. 3) Oxygen burning
also takes place in more extended regions for the larger explosion energy. Then
a larger amount of Si, S, Ar, and Ca ("Si") are synthesized, which makes the
"Si"/O ratio larger. The abundance pattern of the starburst galaxy M82 may be
attributed to hypernova explosions. Asphericity in the explosions strengthens
the nucleosynthesis properties of hypernovae except for "Si"/O. We thus suggest
that hypernovae make important contribution to the early Galactic (and cosmic)
chemical evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150240 </DOCNO>
CFT Description of Identity String Field: Toward Derivation of the VSFT


  We concretely define the identity string field as a surface state and deal
with it consistently in terms of conformal field theory language, never using
its formal properties nor oscillator representation of it. The generalized
gluing and resmoothing theorem provides us with a powerful computational tool
which fits into our framework. Among others, we can prove that in some
situations the identity state defined this way actually behaves itself like an
identity element under the *-product. We use these CFT techniques to give an
explicit expression of the classical solution in the ordinary cubic string
field theory having the property that the conjectured vacuum string field
theory action arises when the cubic action is expanded around it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72474 </DOCNO>
Studies of s-channel Resonances at the CLIC Multi-TeV e+e- Collider


  Several models predict the existence of new resonances in the multi-TeV
region, which should be accessible in e+e- collisions by s-channel production.
In this paper, we review the phenomenology of some specific models and we
present a preliminary study of the potential of the future CLIC collider for
the determination of their nature and properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86772 </DOCNO>
The Newtonian limit of fourth and higher order gravity


  We consider the Newtonian limit of the theory based on the Lagrangian L = R +
\sum a_k R \Box^k R. The gravitational potential of a point mass turns out to
be a combination of Newtonian and Yukawa terms. For sixth-order gravity the
coefficients are calculated explicitly. For the general case one gets as a
result: The the potential is always unbounded near the origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2820 </DOCNO>
Theory for the photon statistics of random lasers


  A theory for the photon statistics of a random laser is presented. Noise is
described by Langevin operators, where both fluctuations of the electromagnetic
field and of the medium are included. The theory is valid for all lasers with
small outcoupling when the laser cavity is large compared to the wavelength of
the radiation. The theory is applied to a chaotic laser cavity with a small
opening. It is known that a large number of modes can be above threshold
simultaneously in such a cavity. It is shown the amount of fluctuations is
increased compared to the Poissonian value by an amount that depends on that
number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129514 </DOCNO>
C and N Abundances in Stars At the Base of the Red Giant Branch in M5


  We present an analysis of a large sample of moderate resolution Keck LRIS
spectra of subgiant (V \sim 17.2) and fainter stars in the Galactic globular
cluster M5 (NGC 5904) with the goal of deriving C and N abundances.
Star-to-star stochastic variations with significant range in both [C/Fe] and
[N/Fe] are found at all luminosities extending to the bottom of the RGB at M_V
\sim +3. Similar variations in CH appear to be present in the main sequence
turnoff spectra. There is no sign of a change in the behavior of C and N with
evolutionary stage over the full range in luminosity of the RGB and SGB. The C
and N abundances appear strongly anti-correlated, as would be expected from the
CN-cycle processing of stellar material. Yet the present stars are considerably
fainter than the RGB bump, the point at which deep mixing is believed to set
in. On this basis, while the observed abundance pattern is consistent with
proton capture nucleosynthesis, we infer that the site of the reactions is
likely not within the present sample, but rather in a population of more
massive (2 -- 5 M(Sun)) now defunct stars. The range of variation of the N
abundances is very large and the sum of C+N increases as C decreases. To
reproduce this requires the incorporation not only of CN but also of
ON-processed material. Furthermore, the existence of this correlation is quite
difficult to reproduce with an external mechanism such as ``pollution'' with
material processed in a more massive AGB star, which mechanism is fundamentally
stochastic in nature. We therefore suggest that although the internal mixing
hypothesis has serious flaws,new theoretical insights are needed and it should
not be ruled out yet. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75182 </DOCNO>
Is early thermalization achieved only near midrapidity at RHIC ?


  The pseudorapidity dependence of elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at 130 $A$
GeV is studied within a full three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in the
light-cone coordinate. First, we prepare two initial conditions in the
hydrodynamic model for analyzing elliptic flow. Both initial conditions lead to
reasonable agreement with single particle spectra in central and semi-central
collisions. Next, by using these hydrodynamic simulations, we compare elliptic
flow as a function of pseudorapidity with experimental data recently measured
by the PHOBOS Collaboration. Our results are in agreement with experimental
data only near midrapidity. This suggests that thermalization in the early
stage of collisions is not achieved in forward and backward rapidity regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3327 </DOCNO>
Band gap of the Schroedinger operator with a strong delta-interaction on


  In this paper we study the operator
$H_{\beta}=-\Delta-\beta\delta(\cdot-\Gamma)$ in $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2})$, where
$\Gamma$ is a smooth periodic curve in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. We obtain the
asymptotic form of the band spectrum of $H_{\beta}$ as $\beta$ tends to
infinity. Furthermore, we prove the existence of the band gap of
$\sigma(H_{\beta})$ for sufficiently large $\beta>0$. Finally, we also derive
the spectral behaviour for $\beta\to\infty$ in the case when $\Gamma$ is
non-periodic and asymptotically straight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98510 </DOCNO>
Geometrical theory of dynamical systems


  This text is a slightly edited version of lecture notes for a course I gave
at ETH, during the Winter term 2000-2001, to undergraduate Mathematics and
Physics students.
  Contents:
  Chapter 1 - Examples of Dynamical Systems
  Chapter 2 - Stationary and Periodic Solutions
  Chapter 3 - Local Bifurcations
  Chapter 4 - Introduction to Chaotic Dynamics

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97619 </DOCNO>
The Elliptic Representation of the General Painlev\'e 6 Equation


  We study the analytic properties and the critical behavior of the elliptic
representation of solutions of the Painlev\'e 6 equation. We solve the
connection problem for elliptic representation in the generic case and in a
non-generic case equivalent to WDVV equations of associativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6820 </DOCNO>
Portfolio Optimization and the Random Magnet Problem


  Diversification of an investment into independently fluctuating assets
reduces its risk. In reality, movement of assets are are mutually correlated
and therefore knowledge of cross--correlations among asset price movements are
of great importance. Our results support the possibility that the problem of
finding an investment in stocks which exposes invested funds to a minimum level
of risk is analogous to the problem of finding the magnetization of a random
magnet. The interactions for this ``random magnet problem'' are given by the
cross-correlation matrix {\bf \sf C} of stock returns. We find that random
matrix theory allows us to make an estimate for {\bf \sf C} which outperforms
the standard estimate in terms of constructing an investment which carries a
minimum level of risk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97789 </DOCNO>
Riemannian Metrics on Locally Projectively Flat Manifolds


  The expression (-1/u) times the Hessian of u transforms as a symmetric (0,2)
tensor under projective coordinate transformations, so long as u transforms as
a section of a certain line bundle. On a locally projectively flat manifold M,
the section u can be regarded as a metric potential analogous to the local
potential in Kahler geometry. If M is compact and u is a negative section of
the dual of the tautological bundle whose Hessian is positive definite, then M
is projectively equivalent to a quotient of a bounded convex domain in R^n. The
same is true if M has a boundary on which u=0. This theorem is analogous to a
result of Schoen and Yau in locally conformally flat geometry. The proof uses
affine differential geometry techniques developed by Cheng and Yau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125706 </DOCNO>
Gas cooling within the diffuse ISM of late-type galaxies


  We combine observations of spiral galaxies in the [CII] line at 158 micron,
made with the Long Wavelength Spectrometer aboard ISO, with previous data from
the Kuiper Airborne Observatory to study the origin of this line, which is the
main coolant of the interstellar medium at relatively low temperatures. We also
use HI and CO(1-0) observations of these galaxies and estimate the respective
line fluxes in the same beam as the [CII] observations. We confirm the
existence of a linear relation between the [CII] line intensity and the CO(1-0)
line intensity, that we extend to intrinsically fainter galaxies. The
dispersion around this relation is significant and due to variations in the
far-UV flux, thus in the star formation rate. We find that for the least active
galaxies of our sample, in terms of star formation, the rate of [CII] line
emission per interstellar hydrogen atom is similar to that in the Solar
neighbourhood. For those galaxies, most of the [CII] line emission comes
probably from the diffuse cold atomic medium. In more active galaxies,
considered globally, the average [CII] line emission is dominated by dense
photodissociation regions and to some extent by the warm ionized diffuse
medium. This is true in the central region of many spiral galaxies, and
probably even in the interarm regions of the most actively star-forming ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3027 </DOCNO>
Electron correlation effects in the presence of non-symmetry dictated


  We numerically study the effect of non-symmetry-dictated-nodes (NSDN) on
electron correlation effects for spinless electrons. We find that repulsive
interaction between electrons can enhance the overlap between nearest neighbors
in the tight binding Hamiltonian, in the presence of NSDN. Normally, in the
absence of NSDN, attractive interaction between electrons give such an effect
and repulsive interaction gives opposite effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 108 </DOCNO>
Directed polymers with tilted columnar disorder and Burgers-like


  The minimal energy variations of a directed polymer with tilted columnar
disorder in two dimensions are shown numerically to obey a multiscaling at
short distances which crosses over to global simple scaling at large distances.
The scenario is analogous to that of structure functions in bifractal Burgers'
turbulence. Some scaling properties are predicted from extreme value
statistics. The multiscaling disappears for zero tilt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7021 </DOCNO>
Long Range Charge Ordering in Magnetite Below the Verwey Transition


  The crystal structure of Fe3O4 below the 122 K Verwey transition has been
refined using high-resolution X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data. The
refinements give direct evidence for charge ordering (CO) over four independent
octahedral Fe sites, two with a charge of +2.4 and the other two of +2.6. CO
schemes consistent with our model do not meet the widely-accepted Anderson
condition of minimum electrostatic repulsion. Instead we propose that CO is
driven primarily by a [001] electronic instability, which opens a gap at the
transition through a charge density wave mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2044 </DOCNO>
The reduced total isotope effect and its implications on the nature of


  The recent discovery of superconductivity at ~39 K in MgB2, by Nagamatsu et
al. establishes this simple binary compound as having the highest bulk
superconducting transition temperature, Tc, of any non-copper-oxide material.
Much of the initial research has focused on whether MgB2 is a conventional BCS,
electron-phonon mediated superconductor, and, if it is, why Tc is so high.
Isotope effect measurements, in which the atom masses are manipulated to
systematically change the phonon frequencies, are one of the fundamental
experimental tests of electron-phonon mediated superconductivity. One would
expect the total isotope effect coefficient, i.e. the sum of both the Mg and B
coefficients, to be 1/2 for a high- Tc, phonon mediated, simple sp orbital
superconductor like MgB2. We find a value of 0.32(1), much reduced from the
canonical BCS value of 0.5. This requires large values of l (electron-phonon
coupling constant) and m* (repulsive electron-electron pseudopotential) to
account for the high Tc and, thus, constrains any theoretical model for
superconductivity in MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127699 </DOCNO>
H2, HD, and CO at the edge of 30 Dor in the LMC: the line of sight to


  FUSE and IUE observations of Sk -69 246, a WN 6 star to the north of 30 Dor,
reveal the existence of LMC interstellar gas in at least 3 velocity
components.In one of these components FUSE spectra show strong absorption by
molecular hydrogen with a column density of log N(H_2)=19.6. We investigate the
physical conditions in this cloud, which is probably located near the H II
region surrounding Sk -69 246. HD and CO with column densities of about 13.9
and 13.0 dex, respectively, are detected. The N(CO)-to-N(H_2) ratio is
consistent with values found in the Galaxy. From the population of the
rotational levels of H_2 we derive a gas temperature of 72 K and a radiation
field U=3*10^-15 erg/(s*cm^3) at 1000 nm. The fractional abundance
f=2N(H_2)/[N(H I)+2N(H_2)] is approximately 0.07, rather high for an
E(B-V)<0.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77071 </DOCNO>
Correcting the Colour-Dipole Cascade Model with Fixed Order Matrix


  An algorithm is presented in which the Colour-Dipole Cascade Model as
implemented in the Ariadne program is corrected to match the fixed order
tree-level matrix elements for e+e- -> n jets. The result is a full parton
level generator for e+e- annihilation where the generated states are correct on
tree-level to fixed order in alpha_S and to all orders with modified leading
logarithmic (MLLA) accuracy. In this paper, matrix elements are used up to
second order in alpha_S, but the scheme is applicable also for higher orders.
An improvement to also include exact virtual corrections to fixed order is
suggested and the possibility to extend the scheme to hadronic collisions is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97952 </DOCNO>
Closed characteristics on compact convex hypersurfaces in $\R^{2n}$


  For any given compact $C^2$ hypersurface $\Sigma$ in $\R^{2n}$ bounding a
strictly convex set with non-empty interior, in this paper an invariant
$\varrho_n(\Sigma)$ is defined and satisfies $\varrho_n(\Sigma)\ge [n/2]+1$,
where $[a]$ denotes the greatest integer which is not greater than $a\in\R$.
The following results are proved in this paper. There always exist at least
$\varrho_n(\Sigma)$ geometrically distinct closed characteristics on $\Sigma$.
If all the geometrically distinct closed characteristics on $\Sigma$ are
nondegenerate, there holds $\varrho_n(\Sigma)\ge n$. If the total number of
geometrically distinct closed characteristics on $\Sigma$ is finite, there
exists at least an elliptic one among them, and there exist at least
$\varrho_n(\Sigma)-1$ of them possessing irrational mean indices. If this total
number is at most $2\varrho_n(\Sigma)-2$, there exist at least two elliptic
ones among them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98550 </DOCNO>
Motivic zeta functions for prehomogeneous vector spaces and castling


  We study the behaviour of motivic zeta functions of prehomogeneous vector
spaces under castling transformations. In particular we deduce how the motivic
Milnor fibre and the Hodge spectrum at the origin behave under such
transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74136 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of prompt photons at NLO


  A numerical program to calculate the photoproduction of prompt photons is
presented. The code includes full next-to-leading order corrections to all
subprocesses. The results are compared to recent ZEUS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40899 </DOCNO>
Photon Events with Missing Energy at sqrt(s) = 183 to 189 GeV


  The production of single photons has been studied in the reaction e+e- ->
gamma + invisible particles at centre-of-mass energies of 183 GeV and 189 GeV.
A previously published analysis of events with multi-photon final states
accompanied by missing energy has been updated with 189 GeV data. The data were
collected with the DELPHI detector and correspond to integrated luminosities of
about 51 pb^{-1} and 158 pb^{-1} at the two energies. The number of light
neutrino families is measured to be 2.84 +/- 0.15(stat) +/- 0.14(syst). The
absence of an excess of events beyond that expected from Standard Model
processes is used to set limits on new physics as described by supersymmetric
and composite models. A limit on the gravitational scale is also determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95558 </DOCNO>
Examples illustrating some aspects of the weak Deligne-Simpson pro blem


  We consider the variety of $(p+1)$-tuples of matrices $A_j$ (resp. $M_j$)
from given conjugacy classes $c_j\subset gl(n,{\bf C})$ (resp. $C_j\subset
GL(n,{\bf C})$) such that $A_1+... +A_{p+1}=0$ (resp. $M_1... M_{p+1}=I$). This
variety is connected with the weak {\em Deligne-Simpson problem: give necessary
and sufficient conditions on the choice of the conjugacy classes $c_j\subset
gl(n,{\bf C})$ (resp. $C_j\subset GL(n,{\bf C})$) so that there exist
$(p+1)$-tuples with trivial centralizers of matrices $A_j\in c_j$ (resp.
$M_j\in C_j$) whose sum equals 0 (resp. whose product equals $I$).} The
matrices $A_j$ (resp. $M_j$) are interpreted as matrices-residua of Fuchsian
linear systems (resp. as monodromy operators of regular linear systems) on
Riemann's sphere. We consider examples of such varieties of dimension higher
than the expected one due to the presence of $(p+1)$-tuples with non-trivial
centralizers; in one of the examples the difference between the two dimensions
is O(n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126972 </DOCNO>
The impact of dust and ionization effects on abundance measurements of


  Studies of elemental abundances are a fundamental tool for unveiling the
nature of the high-redshift (proto-)galaxies associated to Damped Ly alpha
systems (DLAs). The present contribution analyses the impact of dust and
ionization effects on abundance measurements in DLAs. The behaviour of the
alpha/Fe abundance ratio corrected for such effects is used to derive
information on the chemical history and nature of DLA galaxies. The alpha/Fe
data indicate that DLAs at z~2.5 do not represent a homogeneous class of
objects. On average, DLAs show non-enhanced alpha/Fe ratios at low metallicity,
suggesting an origin in galaxies with low or intermittent star formation rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87044 </DOCNO>
Magnetic strings in anti-de Sitter General Relativity


  We obtain spacetimes generated by static and spinning magnetic string sources
in Einstein Relativity with negative cosmological constant. Since the spacetime
is asymptotically a cylindrical anti-de Sitter spacetime, we will be able to
calculate the mass, momentum, and electric charge of the solutions. We find two
families of solutions, one with longitudinal magnetic field and the other with
angular magnetic field. The source for the longitudinal magnetic field can be
interpreted as composed by a system of two symmetric and superposed
electrically charged lines with one of the electrically charged lines being at
rest and the other spinning. The angular magnetic field solution can be
similarly interpreted as composed by charged lines but now one is at rest and
the other has a velocity along the axis. This solution cannot be extended down
to the origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123445 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties and their effects on Nova


  The nucleosynthesis and other observable consequences of a nova outburst
depend sensitively on the details of the thermonuclear runaway which initiates
the outburst. One important source of uncertainty in our current models is the
nuclear reaction data used as input for the evolutionary calculations. We
present preliminary results of the first analyses of the impact on nova
nucleosynthesis of all reaction rate uncertainties considered simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148285 </DOCNO>
Bateman's dual system revisited: I. Quantization, geometric phase and


  By using the Feynman-Hibbs prescription for the evolution amplitude, we
quantize the system of a damped harmonic oscillator coupled to its
time-reversed image, known as Bateman's dual system.
  The time-dependent quantum states of such a system are constructed and
discussed entirely in the framework of the classical theory.
  The corresponding geometric (Pancharatnam) phase is calculated and found to
be directly related to the ground-state energy of the 1D linear harmonic
oscillator to which the 2D system reduces under appropriate constraint.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96160 </DOCNO>
Positive presentations of the braid groups and the embedding problem


  A large class of positive finite presentations of the braid groups is found
and studied. It is shown that no presentations but known exceptions in this
class have the property that equivalent braid words are also equivalent under
positive relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125310 </DOCNO>
Criteria for the Formation of Population III Objects in the Ultraviolet


  We explore possibilities of collapse and star formation in Population III
objects exposed to the external ultraviolet background (UVB) radiation.
Assuming spherical symmetry, we solve self-consistently radiative transfer of
photons, non-equilibrium H2 chemistry, and gas hydrodynamics. Although the UVB
does suppress the formation of low mass objects, the negative feedback turns
out to be weaker than previously suggested. In particular, the cut-off scale of
collapse drops significantly below the virial temperature 10^4 K at weak UV
intensities, due to both self-shielding of the gas and H2 cooling. Clouds above
this cut-off tend to contract highly dynamically, further promoting
self-shielding and H2 formation. For plausible radiation intensities and
spectra, the collapsing gas can cool efficiently to temperatures well below
10^4 K before rotationally supported and the final H2 fraction reaches 10^{-3}.
Our results imply that star formation can take place in low mass objects
collapsing in the UVB. The threshold baryon mass for star formation is \sim
10^9 solar mass for clouds collapsing at redshifts z \simlt 3, but drops
significantly at higher redshifts. In a conventional cold dark matter universe,
the latter coincides roughly with that of the 1 \sigma density fluctuations.
Objects near and above this threshold can thus constitute `building blocks' of
luminous structures, and we discuss their links to dwarf spheroidal/elliptical
galaxies and faint blue objects. These results suggest that the UVB can play a
key role in regulating the star formation history of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74824 </DOCNO>
DREDed Anomaly Mediation


  We offer a guide to dimensional reduction (DRED) in theories with anomaly
mediated supersymmetry breaking. Evanescent operators proportional to epsilon
arise in the bare Lagrangian when it is reduced from d=4 to d= (4-2 epsilon)
dimensions. In the course of a detailed diagrammatic calculation, we show that
inclusion of these operators is crucial. The evanescent operators conspire to
drive the supersymmetry-breaking parameters along anomaly-mediation
trajectories across heavy particle thresholds, guaranteeing the ultraviolet
insensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1575 </DOCNO>
Structure and superconductivity of Mg(B1-xCx)2 compounds


  In this paper, we reported the structural properties and superconductivity of
Mg(B1-xCx)2 compounds. Powder x-ray diffraction results indicate that the
samples crystallize in a hexagonal AlB2-type structure. Due to the chemical
activity of Mg powders, a small amount of MgO impurity phase was detected by
x-ray diffraction. The lattice parameters decrease slightly with increasing
carbon content. Magnetization measurements indicate the non-stoichiometry of
MgB2 has no influence on the superconducting transition temperature and the
transition temperature width. The addition of carbon results in a decrease of
Tc and an increase in the superconducting transition width, implying the loss
of superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114270 </DOCNO>
Methods of Laser Cooling of Electron Beams in Storage Rings


  Methods of enhanced laser cooling of particle beams in storage rings and
Robinson's damping criterion are discussed. The dynamics of amplitudes of
betatron oscillations and instantaneous orbits of electrons interacting with
laser beams being displaced in the radial direction is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2068 </DOCNO>
The glass transition of hyperquenched glassy water


  We review the search for the glass transition in water in its various
amorphous forms, and highlight the paradoxes that the search has produced.
Focussing on the glassy form of water obtained by hyperquenching, we examine
its reported calorimetric properties in the light of new findings for bulk
glassformers vitrified by hyperquenching. Like the hyperquenched bulk
glassformers, hyperquenched water exhibits a large relaxation exotherm on
reheating, as the high enthalpy quenched form relaxes to a lower enthalpy
state. When the scanning temperature is scaled by the glass transition
temperature, the bulk glassformers show a common pattern in this relaxation
exotherm. However, when the relaxation exotherm for hyperquenched water is
scaled onto the plot for the bulk glassformers using the commonly accepted
glass transition temperature for water, 136K, its behavior appears completely
different. If we require that the behavior of water be comparable to the other
cases, except for crystallizing before the glass transition (like the majority
of hyperquenched metallic glasses), then the glass transition for water must be
reset to a value of 165-170K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83863 </DOCNO>
E-Business and SMEs: Preliminary Evidence from Selected Italian


  The debate on the Information Society shows large agreement on the assumption
that the promised benefits will fully display only if the diffusion of ICTs and
the Internet will involve all the actors of the socio-economic system.
Accordingly, special emphasis is put on the participation of small and medium
enterprises (SMEs), but also on public administrations (PAs) as promoters and
catalysts of private initiatives. As for SMEs, public intervention concerns
both the promotion of fully competitive e-markets and the solution of market
failures. However, effective and efficient intervention requires specific
information on SMEs' approach to e-commerce, often depending upon specific
sector and local condition and in most cases still lacking. In order to
identify the need and the scope for public intervention, the paper focuses on a
peculiar SMEs-intensive productive environment: the manufacturing industrial
district, which traditionally constitutes an examples of winning SMEs' network,
characterised by common industrial culture and intense input-output
interactions. The paper presents empirical evidence from the Italian districts
of Como (textile industry) and Lumezzane (metalwork industry). The research
results show that pro-active entrepreneurs are creatively exploring the
opportunities offered by the Internet to promote their businesses. However, it
is also clear that the transition to the Internet economy still involves a
reduced percentage of potential participants, and that institutional actions
are needed in order to foster a larger participation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4468 </DOCNO>
Electrical Conductivity of Lithium at Mbar Pressures


  We report measurements of the electrical conductivity of a liquid alkali
metal - lithium - at pressures up to 1.8 Mbar and 4-fold compression, achieved
through shock compression experiments. We find that the results are consistent
with a departure of the electronic properties of lithium from the nearly free
electron approximation at high pressures, and with ionic pairing correlations
in the Mbar regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128331 </DOCNO>
The puzzle of the polar structure in NGC 4650A


  This work presents new surface photometry and two-dimensional modeling of the
light distribution of the Polar Ring Galaxy NGC 4650A, based on near-infrared
(NIR) observations and high resolution optical imaging acquired during the
Hubble Heritage program. The NIR and optical integrated colors of the S0 and
the polar ring, and their scale parameters, are compared with those for
standard galaxy morphological types. The polar structure appears to be a disk
of a very young age, while the colors and light distribution of the host galaxy
do not resemble that of a typical early-type system. We compare these
observational results with the predictions from different formation scenarios
for polar ring galaxies. The peculiarities of the central S0 galaxy, the polar
disk structure and stellar population ages suggest that the polar ring galaxy
NGC 4650A may be the result of a dissipative merger event, rather than of an
accretion process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127710 </DOCNO>
Inference on the Nature and the Mass of Earth's Late Veneer from Noble


  Noble metals and gases are very sensitive to the late accretion to the Earth
of asteroids and comets. We present mass balance arguments based on these
elements that indicate that 0.7E22-2.7E22 kg of extraterrestrial bodies struck
the Earth after core formation and that comets comprised less than 1E-5 by mass
of the impacting population. These results imply that the dynamics of asteroids
and comets changed drastically with time and that biogenic elements and
prebiotic molecules were not delivered to the Earth by comets but rather by
carbonaceous asteroids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3262 </DOCNO>
Backward diode composed of a metallic and semiconducting nanotube


  The conditions necessary for a nanotube junction connecting a metallic and
semiconducting nanotube to rectify the current are theoretically investigated.
A tight binding model is used for the analysis, which includes the Hartree-Fock
approximation and the Green's function method.
  It is found that the junction has a behavior similar to the backward diode if
the gate electrode is located nearby and the Fermi level of the semiconducting
tube is near the gap.
  Such a junction would be advantageous since the required length for the
rectification could be reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96382 </DOCNO>
Fourier bases and a distance problem of Erd\H os


  We prove that no ball admits a non-harmonic orthogonal basis of exponentials.
We use a combinatorial result, originally studied by Erd\H os, which says that
the number of distances determined by $n$ points in ${\Bbb R}^d$ is at least
$C_d n^{\frac{1}{d}+\epsilon_d}$, $\epsilon_d>0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 881 </DOCNO>
Vibrational Density of States in Superconducting MgB$_2$


  This paper is withdrawn by the authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75613 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry and Scalars


  The suggestion by Jaffe that if $\sigma$ is a light $q^{2}\bar{q}^{2}$ state
$0^{++}$ then even the fundamental chiral transformation properties of the
$\sigma$ becomes {\bf unclear}, has stimulated much interest. Adler pointed out
that in fact the seminal work on chiral symmetry via PCAC consistency, is
really quite consistent with the $\sigma$ being predominantly
$q^{2}\bar{q}^{2}$. This interpretation was actually backed by subsequent work
on effective Lagrangian methods for linear and non linear realizations. More
recent work of Achasov suggests that intermediate four-quark states determine
amplitudes involving other scalars $a_{0}(980)$ and $f_{0}(980)$ below 1 GeV,
and the report by Ning Wu that study on $\sigma$ meson in $J/\psi \to
\omega\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ continue to support a non $q\bar{q}$ $\sigma$ with mass
as low as 390 MeV. It is also noted that more recent re-analysis of $\pi K$
scattering by S. Ishida {\em et al.} together with the work of the E791
Collaboration, support the existence of the scalar $\kappa$ particle with
comparatively light mass as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4805 </DOCNO>
The distribution of the doped holes in La2-xSrxCu1-yRuyO4-(delta)


  We present a systematic study of the perovskite-related system
La2-xSrxCu1-yRuyO4 using Cu-L2,3, Ru-L2,3, and O-K x-ray absorption
spectroscopy (XAS). This system can be regarded as a solid solution of the two
superconductors La2-xSrxCuO4 and Sr2RuO4, and thus the question as to the
destination of the holes induced by Sr doping is central to our understanding
of these novel systems. The comparison of the experimental data with
state-of-the-art crystal-field-multiplet calculations shows clearly that the
charge balance for x/2y >1 is predominantly achieved by an increase of the Ru
valence from Ru(IV) to Ru(V), while Cu remains in the Cu(II) oxidation state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149106 </DOCNO>
String Field Theory and the Fuzzy Sphere


  We use boundary string field theory to study open string tachyon condensation
on a three-sphere closed string background. We consider the closed string
background described by $SU(2)_k$ WZW model in the limit of large $k$. We
compute the exact tachyon potential and analyse the decay modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98898 </DOCNO>
Spectral Dynamics of the Velocity Gradient Field in Restricted Flows


  We study the velocity gradients of the fundamental Eulerian equation,
$\partial_t u +u\cdot \nabla u=F$, which shows up in different contexts
dictated by the different modeling of $F$'s. To this end we utilize a basic
description for the spectral dynamics of $\nabla u$, expressed in terms of the
(possibly complex) eigenvalues, $\lambda=\lambda(\nabla u)$, which are shown to
be governed by the Ricatti-like equation $\lambda_t+u\cdot
\nabla\lambda+\lambda^2= < l, \nabla F r>$.
  We address the question of the time regularity of four prototype models
associated with different forcing $F$. Using the spectral dynamics as our
essential tool in these investigations, we obtain a simple form of a critical
threshold for the linear damping model and we identify the 2D vanishing
viscosity limit for the viscous irrotational dusty medium model. Moreover, for
the $n$-dimensional restricted Euler equations we obtain $[n/2]+1$ global
invariants, interesting for their own sake, which enable us to precisely
characterize the local topology at breakdown time, extending previous studies
in the $n=3$-dimensional case. Finally, as a forth model we introduce the
$n$-dimensional restricted Euler-Poisson (REP)system, identifying a set of
$[n/2]$ global invariants, which in turn yield (i) sufficient conditions for
finite time breakdown, and (ii) characterization of a large class of
2-dimensional initial configurations leading to global smooth solutions.
Consequently, the 2D restricted Euler-Poisson equations are shown to admit a
critical threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125637 </DOCNO>
Scatter broadening of pulsars in the direction of the Gum nebula


  We have measured the scatter broadening of pulsars in the direction of the
Gum nebula. For the first time, our observations show clear variations of
scattering properties across the Gum nebula. The IRAS-Vela shell is shown to be
a high scattering region. Our revised estimations of distances to these pulsars
are consistently less by a factor of 2--3, which has very important
consequences for the deduced values of radio luminosity and transverse velocity
of pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98375 </DOCNO>
The Andrews-Curtis Conjecture and Black Box Groups


  The paper discusses the Andrews-Curtis graph of a normal subgroup N in a
group G. The vertices of the graph are k-tuples of elements in N which generate
N as a normal subgroup; two vertices are connected if one them can be obtained
from another by certain elementary transformations. This object appears
naturally in the theory of black box finite groups and in the Andrews-Curtis
conjecture in algebraic topology.
  We suggest an approach to the Andrews-Curtis conjecture based on the study of
Andrews-Curtis graphs of finite groups, discuss properties of Andrews-Curtis
graphs of some classes of finite groups and results of computer experiments
with generation of random elements of finite groups by random walks on their
Andrews-Curtis graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5137 </DOCNO>
Experimental study of granular surface flows via a fast camera: a


  Depth averaged conservation equations are written for granular surface flows.
Their application to the study of steady surface flows in a rotating drum
allows to find experimentally the constitutive relations needed to close these
equations from measurements of the velocity profile in the flowing layer at the
center of the drum and from the flowing layer thickness and the static/flowing
boundary profiles. The velocity varies linearly with depth, with a gradient
independent of both the flowing layer thickness and the static/flowing boundary
local slope. The first two closure relations relating the flow rate and the
momentum flux to the flowing layer thickness and the slope are then deduced.
Measurements of the profile of the flowing layer thickness and the
static/flowing boundary in the whole drum explicitly give the last relation
concerning the force acting on the flowing layer. Finally, these closure
relations are compared to existing continuous models of surface flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128631 </DOCNO>
Study of the Cir X--1 Broad Band Spectrum at Orbital Phases Close to the


  We report on the results of a BeppoSAX (1.8--200 keV) observation of the
peculiar X-ray binary source Circinus X--1 (Cir X--1) at the orbital phases
between 0.61 and 0.63. We find that three components are needed to fit the
broad band spectrum: a blackbody component, at a temperature of $\sim 0.6$ keV,
a Comptonized component, with a seed-photon temperature of $\sim 1.2$ keV,
electron temperature of $\sim 6$ keV and optical depth of $\sim 1.7$, and a
power-law component dominating the spectrum at energies higher than 20 keV. We
interpret the blackbody as the emission from the accretion disk, while the
Comptonized component probably comes from a corona surrounding the inner part
of the system. This spectrum is different from that observed at the periastron
(Iaria et al. 2001a) because of the presence of the blackbody component. We
discuss the implications of this difference and the presence of the power-law
component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6641 </DOCNO>
Pairing in asymmetric two-component fermion matter


  We analyze the possibilities of pairing between two different fermion species
in asymmetric matter at low density. While the direct interaction allows
pairing only for very small asymmetries, the pairing mediated by polarization
effects is always possible, with a pronounced maximum at finite asymmetry. We
present analytical results up to second order in the low-density parameter $k_F
a$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76434 </DOCNO>
The Hosotani Mechanism in Bulk Gauge Theories with an Orbifold Extra


  We pursue the possibility of the scenario in which the Higgs field is
identified with the extra-space component of a bulk gauge field. The space-time
we take is M$^{4}$ $\otimes$ S$^1$/Z$_2$. We show that a non-trivial
Z$_2$-parity assignment allows some of the extra-space component to have
radiatively induced VEV, which strongly modifies the mass spectrum and gauge
symmetry of the theory, realized by oribifolding. In particular we investigate
the dynamical mass generation of zero-mode fermion and spontaneous gauge
symmetry breaking due to the VEV. The gauge theories we adopt are a prototype
model SU(2) and SU(3) model, of special interest as the realistic minimal
scheme to incorporate the standard model SU(2) $\times$ U(1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129717 </DOCNO>
The integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect -- Large Scale Structure Correlation


  We discuss the correlation between late-time integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW)
effect in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies and
the large scale structure of the local universe. This correlation has been
proposed and studied in the literature as a probe of the dark energy and its
physical properties. We consider a variety of large scale structure tracers
suitable for a detection of the ISW effect via a cross-correlation. In addition
to luminous sources, we suggest the use of tracers such as dark matter halos or
galaxy clusters. A suitable catalog of mass selected halos for this purpose can
be constructed with upcoming wide-field lensing and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)
effect surveys. With multifrequency data, the presence of the ISW-large scale
structure correlation can also be investigated through a cross-correlation of
the frequency cleaned SZ and CMB maps. While convergence maps constructed from
lensing surveys of the large scale structure via galaxy ellipticities are less
correlated with the ISW effect, lensing potentials that deflect CMB photons are
strongly correlated and allow, probably, the best mechanism to study the
ISW-large scale structure correlation with CMB data alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86782 </DOCNO>
Properties of the symplectic structure of General Relativity for


  We continue a previous analysis of the covariant Hamiltonian symplectic
structure of General Relativity for spatially bounded regions of spacetime. To
allow for near complete generality, the Hamiltonian is formulated using any
fixed hypersurface, with a boundary given by a closed spacelike 2-surface. A
main result is that we obtain Hamiltonians associated to Dirichlet and Neumann
boundary conditions on the gravitational field coupled to matter sources, in
particular a Klein-Gordon field, an electromagnetic field, and a set of
Yang-Mills-Higgs fields. The Hamiltonians are given by a covariant form of the
Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian modified by a surface integral term that
depends on the particular boundary conditions. The general form of this surface
integral involves an underlying ``energy-momentum'' vector in the spacetime
tangent space at the spatial boundary 2-surface. We give examples of the
resulting Dirichlet and Neumann vectors for topologically spherical 2-surfaces
in Minkowski spacetime, spherically symmetric spacetimes, and stationary
axisymmetric spacetimes. Moreover, we show the relation between these vectors
and the ADM energy-momentum vector for a 2-surface taken in a limit to be
spatial infinity in asymptotically flat spacetimes. We also discuss the
geometrical properties of the Dirichlet and Neumann vectors and obtain several
striking results relating these vectors to the mean curvature and normal
curvature connection of the 2-surface. Most significantly, the part of the
Dirichlet vector normal to the 2-surface depends only the spacetime metric at
this surface and thereby defines a geometrical normal vector field on the
2-surface. Properties and examples of this normal vector are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74310 </DOCNO>
Chiral Perturbation in the Hidden Local Symmetry and Vector


  In this talk I summarize our recent works on the chiral phase transition in
the large flavor QCD studied by the hidden local symmetry (HLS). Bare
parameters in the HLS are determined by matching the HLS with the underlying
QCD at the matching scale through the Wilsonian matching. This leads to the
vector manifestation of the Wigner realization of the chiral symmetry in which
the symmetry is restored by the massless degenerate pion (and its flavor
partners) and rho meson (and its flavor partners) as the chiral partner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74053 </DOCNO>
Can R-parity violation lower $\sin 2\beta$?


  Recent time-dependent CP asymmetry measurements in the $B_d \to J/\psi K_S$
channel by the BaBar and Belle Collaborations yield somewhat lower values of
$\sin 2\beta$ compared to the one obtained from the standard model fit. If the
inconsistency between these numbers persists with more statistics, this will
signal new physics contaminating the $B_d \to J/\psi K_S$ channel, thus
disturbing the extraction of $\beta$. We show that the R-parity-violating
interactions in supersymmetric theories can provide extra new phases which play
a role in significantly reducing the above CP asymmetry, thus explaining why
BaBar and Belle report lower values of $\sin 2\beta$. The same couplings also
affect the $B_d \to \phi K_S$ decay rate and asymmetry, explain the $B \to
\eta' K$ anomaly, and predict nonzero CP asymmetry in dominant $B_s$ decays.
The scenario will be tested in the ongoing and upcoming B factories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4489 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticles and Energy Scaling in


  Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been performed on the
single- to triple-layered Bi-family high-{\it T$_c$} superconductors
(Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_{n-1}$Cu$_n$O$_{2n+4}$, $\it{n}$=1-3). We found a sharp
quasiparticle peak as well as a pseudogap at the Fermi level in the
triple-layered compound. Comparison among three compounds has revealed a
universal rule that the characteristic energies of superconducting and
pseudogap behaviors are scaled with the maximum {\it T$_c$}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123865 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of the Galaxy Based on the Oscillatory Star Formation


  We model the star formation history (SFH) and the chemical evolution of the
Galactic disk by combining an infall model and a limit-cycle model of the
interstellar medium (ISM). Recent observations have shown that the SFH of the
Galactic disk violently variates or oscillates. We model the oscillatory SFH
based on the limit-cycle behavior of the fractional masses of three components
of the ISM. The observed period of the oscillation ($\sim 1$ Gyr) is reproduced
within the natural parameter range. This means that we can interpret the
oscillatory SFH as the limit-cycle behavior of the ISM. We then test the
chemical evolution of stars and gas in the framework of the limit-cycle model,
since the oscillatory behavior of the SFH may cause an oscillatory evolution of
the metallicity. We find however that the oscillatory behavior of metallicity
is not prominent because the metallicity reflects the past integrated SFH. This
indicates that the metallicity cannot be used to distinguish an oscillatory SFH
from one without oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98472 </DOCNO>
Explicit Hilbert spaces for certain unipotent representations III


  We consider the groups G which arise from real semisimple Jordan algebras via
the Tits-Koecher-Kantor construction. Such a G is characterized by the fact
that it admits a parabolic subgroup P=LN which is conjugate to its opposite,
and for which the nilradical N is abelian.
  In this situation, the Levi component L has a finite number of orbits on N;
and each orbit carries a measure which transforms by a character under L. By
Mackey theory the space of L2-functions on each orbit carries a natural
irreducible unitary representation of P, and we consider the following two
problems:
 (1) Extend this representation of P to a unitary representation of G.
 (2) Decompose tensor products of the resulting representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7244 </DOCNO>
The LDA+DMFT Approach to Materials with Strong Electronic Correlations


  LDA+DMFT is a novel computational technique for ab initio investigations of
real materials with strongly correlated electrons, such as transition metals
and their oxides. It combines the strength of conventional band structure
theory in the local density approximation (LDA) with a modern many-body
approach, the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). In the last few years
LDA+DMFT has proved to be a powerful tool for the realistic modeling of
strongly correlated electronic systems. In this paper the basic ideas and the
set-up of the LDA+DMFT(X) approach, where X is the method used to solve the
DMFT equations, are discussed. Results obtained with X=QMC (quantum Monte
Carlo) and X=NCA (non-crossing approximation) are presented and compared. By
means of the model system La$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$TiO$_{3}$ we show that the method X
matters qualitatively and quantitatively. Furthermore, we discuss recent
results on the Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition in the transition metal
oxide V$_2$O$_3$ and the $\alpha$-$\gamma$ transition in the 4f-electron system
Ce.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1338 </DOCNO>
Role of fluctuation, disorder and catalyst in graphite-diamond


  The pressure-induced structural transition from graphite to diamond is
investigated by semi-empirical molecular dynamics simulation. The result shows
that the graphite-diamond transition is a cooperative process with large
fluctuation. We studied catalyst-aided effect by introducing a simple model
into a conventional tight binding Hamiltonian of carbon bonding structure. The
obtained result suggest that weak disorder in graphite not only accelerate the
transition to cubic diamond but also will be an origin of high-pressure
polymorph of carbon, such as hexagonal diamond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167986 </DOCNO>
Quantum cryptography without a quantum channel


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors because the results obtained
have been reported earlier by other authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128906 </DOCNO>
Oscillations of rapidly rotating stars


  We present numerical simulations of gravito-inertial waves propagating in
radiative zones of rapidly rotating stars. A first model, using the Boussinesq
approximation, allows us to study the oscillations of a quasi-incompressible
stratified fluid embedded in a rapidly rotating sphere or spherical shell. In a
second step, we investigate the case of a Gamma-Doradus star using the
anelastic approximation. Some fascinating features of rapidly rotating fluids,
such as wave attractors, appear in both cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96985 </DOCNO>
Distortion in the Spherical Metric under Quasiconformal Mappings


  This paper contains bounds for the distortion in the spherical metric, that
is to say bounds for the constant of Holder continuity of mappings f : (\Rn,q)
-> (\Rn, q) where q denotes the spherical metric. The mappings considered are
K-quasiconformal (K >= 1) and satisfy some normalizations or restrictions. All
bounds are explicit and asymptotically sharp as K -> 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3689 </DOCNO>
Tunneling in partial coherence through a series of barriers: an explicit


  Within the B\"{u}ttiker dephasing model, the backscattering in the dephasing
process is eliminated by setting a proper boundary condition. Explicit
expression is carried out for the effective total tunneling probability in the
presence of multiple pure dephasing scatterers with partial coherence. The
derived formula is illustrated analytically by various limiting cases, and
numerically for its application in tunneling through multi-barrier systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128798 </DOCNO>
Deuterium and Oxygen Toward Feige 110: Results from the Far Ultraviolet


  We present measurements of the column densities of interstellar DI and OI
made with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), and of HI made
with the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) toward the sdOB star Feige
110 [(l,b) = (74.09, -59.07); d = 179 +265 -67 pc; z = -154 +57 -227 pc]. Our
determination of the DI column density made use of curve of growth fitting and
profile fitting analyses, while our OI column density determination used only
curve of growth techniques. The HI column density was estimated by fitting the
damping wings of the interstellar Ly alpha profile. We find log N(DI) = 15.47
+/- 0.06, log N(OI) = 16.73 +/- 0.10, and log N(HI) = 20.14 +0.13 -0.20 (all
errors 2 sigma). This implies D/H = (2.14 +/- 0.82) x 10^-5, D/O = (5.50 +1.64
-1.33) x 10^-2, and O/H = (3.89 +/- 1.67) x 10^-4. Taken with the FUSE results
reported in companion papers (Moos et al. 2001) and previous measurements of
the local interstellar medium, this suggests the possibility of spatial
variability in D/H for sight lines exceeding ~100 pc. This result may constrain
models which characterize the mixing time and length scales of material in the
local interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98979 </DOCNO>
Common hypercyclic vectors for multiples of backward shift


  We prove that the space $l^2$ contains a dense set of vectors which are
hypercyclic simultaneously for all multiples of the backward shift operator by
constants of absolute value greater than 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98042 </DOCNO>
Hopf algebras in noncommutative geometry


  We give an introductory survey to the use of Hopf algebras in several
problems of noncommutative geometry. The main example, the Hopf algebra of
rooted trees, is a graded, connected Hopf algebra arising from a universal
construction. We show its relation to the algebra of transverse differential
operators introduced by Connes and Moscovici in order to compute a local index
formula in cyclic cohomology, and to the several Hopf algebras defined by
Connes and Kreimer to simplify the combinatorics of perturbative
renormalization. We explain how characteristic classes for a Hopf module
algebra can be obtained from the cyclic cohomology of the Hopf algebra which
acts on it. Finally, we discuss the theory of noncommutative spherical
manifolds and show how they arise as homogeneous spaces of certain compact
quantum groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85817 </DOCNO>
Chaotic Motion Around Prolate Deformed Bodies


  The motion of particles in the field of forces associated to an axially
symmetric attraction center modeled by a monopolar term plus a prolate
quadrupole deformation is studied using Poincare surface of sections and
Lyapunov characteristic numbers. We find chaotic motion for certain values of
the parameters, and that the instability of the orbits increases when the
quadrupole parameter increases. A general relativistic analogue is briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98073 </DOCNO>
Yang-Mills Integrals


  Two results are presented for reduced Yang-Mills integrals with different
symmetry groups and dimensions: the first is a compact integral representation
in terms of the relevant variables of the integral, the second is a method to
analytically evaluate the integrals in cases of low order. This is exhibited by
evaluating a Yang-Mills integral over real symmetric matrices of order 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81401 </DOCNO>
Schr\"odinger functional at N_f=-2


  We study the Schr\"odinger functional coupling for lattice Yang-Mills theory
coupled to an improved bosonic spinor field, which corresponds to QCD with
minus two light flavors. This theory serves as a less costly testcase than QCD
for the scaling of the coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 161 </DOCNO>
X-ray diffraction techniques to characterize liquid surfaces and


  X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence diffraction (XGID) from liquid
surfaces are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168894 </DOCNO>
The Lorentz singular value decomposition and its applications to pure


  All mixed states of two qubits can be brought into normal form by the action
of SLOCC operations of the kind $\rho'=(A\otimes B)\rho(A\otimes B)^\dagger$.
These normal forms can be obtained by considering a Lorentz singular value
decomposition on a real parameterization of the density matrix. We show that
the Lorentz singular values are variationally defined and give rise to
entanglement monotones, with as a special case the concurrence. Next a
necessary and sufficient criterion is conjectured for a mixed state to be
convertible into another specific one with a non-zero probability. Finally the
formalism of the Lorentz singular value decomposition is applied to tripartite
pure states of qubits. New proofs are given for the existence of the GHZ- and
W-class of states, and a rigorous proof for the optimal distillation of a
GHZ-state is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113469 </DOCNO>
Large - Scale Homogeneity or Principle Hierarchy of the Universe?


  Invariablly justified representations of the Wave Universe Concept-WU Concept
(see monography-Chechelnitsky A.M. Extremum, Stability and Resonance in
Astrodynamics..., etc. and other publications) indicate a principle
incorrectness of expectations of Standard (Model) cosmology about homogeneity
and isotropy of the Universe. It also is connected with observational data
about apparent hierarchy of giant astronomical systems (stellar systems,
galaxies, clusters of galaxies, superclusters of galaxies, etc.), their
megawave structure, quantization "in the Large", non-homogeneity of microwave
background Space radiation, adequately interpreted (in frameworks WU Concept)
effects redshifts quantization of quasars, etc. The principle absence of a
Limit of Hierarchy of Matter Levels asserts: "The Staircase of a Matter"-is
endless. For orientation of the explorers, working with the observational data,
in frameworks of WU Concept the concrete characteristics of following (behind
superclusters of galaxies) potentially possible extremely large astronomical
systems are calculated with using the Fundamental parameter of Hierarchy -
Chechelnitsky Number (hi)=3.66(6). The astronomical systems, belonging to the
nearest hierarchy Levels of Solar- Like systems, are characterized by external
radiuses [a(k)=((hi)^k)a(0), a(0)=39.373 AU] a(20)=36.83, a(21)=135, a(22)=495,
a(23)=1815 Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2765 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram and critical exponents of a Potts gauge glass


  The two-dimensional q-state Potts model is subjected to a Z_q symmetric
disorder that allows for the existence of a Nishimori line. At q=2, this model
coincides with the +/- J random-bond Ising model. For q>2, apart from the usual
pure and zero-temperature fixed points, the ferro/paramagnetic phase boundary
is controlled by two critical fixed points: a weak disorder point, whose
universality class is that of the ferromagnetic bond-disordered Potts model,
and a strong disorder point which generalizes the usual Nishimori point. We
numerically study the case q=3, tracing out the phase diagram and precisely
determining the critical exponents. The universality class of the Nishimori
point is inconsistent with percolation on Potts clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96496 </DOCNO>
On the Poincare Problem for Foliations of General Type


  Let F be a holomorphic foliation of general type on CP(2) which admits a
rational first integral. We provide bounds for the degree of the first integral
of F just in function of the degree, the birational invariants of F and the
geometric genus of a generic leaf. Similar bounds for invariant algebraic
curves are also obtained and examples are given showing the necessity of the
hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86409 </DOCNO>
On a relation between the Bach equation and the equation of


  The Bach equation and the equation of geometrodynamics are based on two quite
different physical motivations, but in both approaches, the conformal
properties of gravitation plays the key role. In this paper we present an
analysis of the relation between these two equations and show that the
solutions of the equation of geometrodynamics are of a more general nature. We
show the following non-trivial result: there exists a conformally invariant
Lagrangian, whose field equation generalizes the Bach equation and has as
solutions those Ricci tensors which are solutions to the equation of
geometrodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168921 </DOCNO>
Optimal simulation of nonlocal Hamiltonians using local operations and


  Consider a set of $N$ systems and an arbitrary interaction Hamiltonian $H$
that couples them. We investigate the use of local operations and classical
communication (LOCC), together with the Hamiltonian $H$, to simulate a unitary
evolution of the $N$ systems according to some other Hamiltonian $H'$. First,
we show that the most general simulation using H and LOCC can be also achieved
by just interspersing the evolution of H with local unitary manipulations of
each system and a corresponding local ancilla (in a so-called LU+anc protocol).
Thus, LOCC protocols and LU+anc protocols are equivalent. Second, we show that
both for the case of two $d$-level systems ($d>2$), or for that of any setting
with more than two systems ($N\geq 3$), LU+anc protocols are more powerful than
LU protocols ---using local unitaries without ancillas. Finally, we use results
of majorization theory to explicitly solve the problem of optimal simulation of
two-qubit Hamiltonians using LU (and thus also LOCC).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97945 </DOCNO>
Numerical Computations of Viscous, Incompressible Flow Problems Using a


  We consider two-level finite element discretization methods for the stream
function formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. The two-level method
consists of solving a small nonlinear system on the coarse mesh, then solving a
linear system on the fine mesh. The basic result states that the errors between
the coarse and fine meshes are related superlinearly. This paper demonstrates
that the two-level method can be implemented to approximate efficiently
solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations. Two fluid flow calculations are
considered to test problems which have a known solution and the driven cavity
problem. Stream function contours are displayed showing the main features of
the flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41699 </DOCNO>
Particle multiplicity of unbiased gluon jets from e+e- three-jet events


  The charged particle multiplicities of two- and three-jet events from the
reaction e+e- -> Z0 -> hadrons are measured for Z0 decays to light quark (uds)
flavors. Using recent theoretical expressions to account for biases from event
selection, results corresponding to unbiased gluon jets are extracted over a
range of jet energies from about 11 to 30 GeV. We find consistency between
these results and direct measurements of unbiased gluon jet multiplicity from
upsilon and Z0 decays. The unbiased gluon jet data including the direct
measurements are compared to corresponding results for quark jets. We perform
fits based on analytic expressions for particle multiplicity in jets to
determine the ratio r = Ng/Nq of multiplicities between gluon and quark jets as
a function of energy. We also determine the ratio of slopes, r(1) =
(dNg/dy)/(dNq/dy), and of curvatures, r(2) = (d2Ng/dy2)/(d2Nq/dy2), where y
specifies the energy scale. At 30 GeV, we find r = 1.422 +/- 0.051, r(1) =
1.761 +/- 0.071 and r(2) = 1.98 +/- 0.13, where the uncertainties are the
statistical and systematic terms added in quadrature. These results are in
general agreement with theoretical predictions. In addition, we use the
measurements of the energy dependence of Ng and Nq to determine an effective
value of the ratio of QCD color factors, CA/CF. Our result, CA/CF = 2.23 +/-
0.14 (total), is consistent with the QCD value of 2.25.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129239 </DOCNO>
Study of CR primaries and their cascades at E0 = 10-100 TeV through


  A measurement of the lateral distribution of Cherenkov light in Extensive Air
Showers (EAS) at E0 = 10-100 TeV and a study of the compatibility of the photon
number spectra with the expectations from the direct measurements of p and He
spectra and the Corsika-QGSJET propagation code in the atmosphere have been
performed at the National Gran Sasso Laboratories by the EAS-TOP and MACRO
arrays. The telescope array of EAS-TOP has been used as the Cherenkov light
detector. The muon tracking system of MACRO in the deep underground Gran Sasso
Laboratories (Emuon> 1.3 TeV) served as the EAS detector, including core
localization and arrival direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124586 </DOCNO>
Reprocessing the Hipparcos data for evolved giant stars II. Absolute


  The Hipparcos Intermediate Astrometric Data for carbon stars have been
reprocessed using an algorithm which provides an objective criterion for
rejecting anomalous data points and constrains the parallax to be positive. New
parallax solutions have been derived for 317 cool carbon stars, mostly of types
R and N. In this paper we discuss the results for the R stars. The most
important result is that the early R stars (i.e., R0 - R3) have absolute
magnitudes and V-K colors locating them among red clump giants in the
Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Stars with subtypes R4 - R9 tend to be cooler and
have similar luminosity to the N-type carbon stars, as confirmed by their
position in the (J-H, H-K) color-color diagram. The sample of early R-type
stars selected from the Hipparcos Catalogue appears to be approximately
complete to magnitude K_0 ~ 7, translating into a completeness distance of 600
pc if all R stars had M_K= -2 (400 pc if M_K= -1). With about 30 early R-type
stars in that volume, they comprise about 0.04% (0.14% for M_K= -1) of the red
clump stars in the solar neighborhood. Identification with the red clump
locates these stars at the helium core burning stage of stellar evolution,
while the N stars are on the asymptotic giant branch, where helium shell
burning occurs. The present analysis suggests that for a small fraction of the
helium core burning stars (far lower than the fraction of helium shell-burning
stars), carbon produced in the interior is mixed to the atmosphere in
sufficient quantities to form a carbon star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150077 </DOCNO>
Nonvanishing Cosmological Constant of Flat Universe in Brane-World


  The finite temperature effect is examined in Randall-Sundrum brane-world
scenario with inclusion of the matter fields on the brane. At zero temperature
it is found that the theory on the brane is conformally invariant, which
guarantees $AdS$/CFT. At 4d effective action we derived a temperature-dependent
nonvanishing cosmological constant at the flat spacetime limit of brane
worldvolume. At the cosmological temperature $3 {\bf K}$ the cosmological
constant is roughly $(0.002 eV)^4$ which is within the upper bound of the
recent experimental value $(0.01 eV)^4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125725 </DOCNO>
On the accuracy of GAIA radial velocities


  We have obtained 782 real spectra and used them as inputs for 6700 automatic
cross-correlation runs to the aim of investigating the radial velocity accuracy
that GAIA could potentially achieve as function of spectral resolution and
signal-to-noise ratio. We have explored the dispersions 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2
Ang/pix (bracketing the 0.75 Ang/pix currently baselined for the 8490--8740 Ang
GAIA range centered on the near-infrared CaII triplet) over S/N ranging from 10
to 110. We have carefully maintained the condition FWHM (PSF) = 2 pixels during
the acquisition of the 782 input spectra, and therefore the resolutions that we
have explored are 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 Ang corresponding to resolving powers
R=17200, 8600, 4300 and 2150. We have investigated late-F to early-M stars
(constituting the vast majority of GAIA targets), slowly rotating (V_{rot} sin
i = 4 km/sec, as for field stars at these spectral types), of solar metallicity
(<[Fe/H]> = -0.07) and not binary. The results are accurately described by the
simple law: lg sigma = 0.6(lg S/N)^2 - 2.4(lg S/N) + 1.75(lg D) + 3, where
sigma is the cross-correlation standard error (in km/sec) and D is the spectral
dispersion (in Ang/pix). The spectral dispersion has turned out to be the
dominant factor governing the accuracy of radial velocities, with S/N being
less important and the spectral mis-match being a weak player. These results
are relevant not only within the GAIA context but also to ground-based
observers because the absence of telluric absorptions and proximity to the
wavelengths of peak emission make the explored 8490--8740 Ang interval an
interesting option for studies of cool stars with conventional telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76768 </DOCNO>
From (p)reheating to nucleosynthesis


  This article gives a brief qualitative description of the possible evolution
of the early Universe between the end of an inflationary epoch and the end of
Big Bang nucleosynthesis. After a general introduction, establishing the
minimum requirements cosmologists impose on this cosmic evolutionary phase,
namely, successful baryogenesis, the production of cosmic dark matter, and
successful light-element nucleosynthesis, a more detailed discussion on some
recent developments follows. This latter includes the physics of preheating,
the putative production of (alternative) dark matter, and the current status of
Big Bang nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73564 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in the standard model with two Higgs


  The muon anomalous magnetic moment is investigated in the standard model with
two Higgs doublets (S2HDM) motivated from spontaneous CP violation. Thus all
the effective Yukawa couplings become complex. As a consequence of the non-zero
phase in the couplings, the one loop contribution from the neutral scalar
bosons could be positive and negative relying on the CP phases. The
interference between one and two loop diagrams can be constructive in a large
parameter space of CP-phases. This will result in a significant contribution to
muon anomalous magnetic moment even in the flavor conserving process with a
heavy neutral scalar boson ($m_h \sim$ 200 GeV) once the effective muon Yukawa
coupling is large ($|\xi_\mu|\sim 50$). In general, the one loop contributions
from lepton flavor changing scalar interactions become more important. In
particular, when all contributions are positive in a reasonable parameter space
of CP phases, the recently reported 2.6 sigma experiment vs. theory deviation
can be easily explained even for a heavy scalar boson with a relative small
Yukawa coupling in the S2HDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77011 </DOCNO>
Azimuthal and spin asymmetries in DIS


  In these lectures I want to discuss how the structure functions in deep
inelastic scattering relate to quark and gluon correlation functions. In
particular we will consider the issue of intrinsic transverse momenta of
quarks, which becomes important in processes like 1-particle inclusive
leptoproduction. Some examples of cross sections and asymmetries, in particular
in polarized scattering processes are discussed. We also discuss the operator
structure for azimuthal asymmetries and their evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96399 </DOCNO>
An inverse problem for an abstract evolution equation


  The inverse problem of finding the coefficient $\g$ in the equation
$\dot{u}=A(t)u+\g(t)u+f(t)$ from the extra data of the form $\phi(t)=u(t),w$ is
studied. The problem is reduced to a Volterra equation of the second kind.
Applications are given to parabolic equations with second order differential
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168780 </DOCNO>
When only two thirds of the entanglement can be distilled


  We provide an example of distillable bipartite mixed state such that, even in
the asymptotic limit, more pure-state entanglement is required to create it
than can be distilled from it. Thus, we show that the irreversibility in the
processes of formation and distillation of bipartite states, recently proved in
[G. Vidal, J.I. Cirac, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, (2001) 5803-5806], is not limited
to bound-entangled states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1287 </DOCNO>
Yet another hysteresis model


  A hysteresis model based on the assumption of fixed order magnetization
reversals is proposed. The model uses one-dimensional diagram for representing
states of a system despite of two-dimensional Preisach diagram. The distinctive
feature of the model is that it is applicable to any system compliant with the
return-point memory and includes Preisach model as a special case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76342 </DOCNO>
Search for the Lepton Flavour Violating Higgs decay H --> tau mu at


  We study the prospects to detect at hadron colliders the Lepton Flavour
Violating Higgs decay H --> tau mu, which can reach substantial branching
fractions in several extensions of the SM. Among them, the generic two higgs
doublet model can be taken as a representative case where B.R.(H --> tau mu)
can reach values of order 10^-1-10^-2. Bounds on the LFV factor kappa_{tau mu}
of order 0.8-1.7 can be derived at 95% c.l. at Tevatron Run-2 with 4 fb^-1 for
m_H = 110-150 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97148 </DOCNO>
Une conjecture de Kontsevich et Shoikhet et la caracteristique d'Euler


  Salikhov has proved a conjecture of Kontsevich and Shoikhet by reducing it to
the consideration of three families of graphs, a consideration which was left
to the reader for two of those families. We show, that the conjecture is just a
very particular case of the classical theorem on the Euler characteristic, well
explicated by Teleman.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169263 </DOCNO>
Flower-like squeezing in the motion of a laser-driven trapped ion


  We investigate the Nth order amplitude squeezing in the fan-state |\xi
;2k,f>_F which is a linear superposition of the 2k-quantum nonlinear coherent
states. Unlike in usual states where an ellipse is the symbol of squeezing, a
4k-winged flower results in the fan state. We first derive the analytical
expression of squeezing for arbitrary k, N, f and then study in detail the case
of a laser-driven trapped ion characterized by a specific form of the nonlinear
function f. We show that the lowest order in which squeezing may appear and the
number of directions along which the amplitude may be squeezed depend only on k
whereas the precise directions of squeezing are determined also by the other
physical parameters involved. Finally, we present a scheme to produce such
fan-states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77113 </DOCNO>
CP violation in long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments


  We define a difference $D_{\rm CP}$ of the neutrino oscillation probability
differences with matter effect for the CP-conjugate channels, divided by
neutrino beam energy, taken between the two baselines $L = L_1$ and $L =L_2$
with $L_1/E_1 = L_2/E_2$, where $E_1$ and $E_2$ are the neutrino energy for the
experiment with $L_1$ and $L_2$, respectively. The quantity $D_{\rm CP}$
doesn't contain the matter effect to the first order in $aL/2E$, $a$
representing the matter effect. We show the behavior of $D_{\rm CP}$ with $L_1
= 300$ km fixed and $L_2$ variable in the three-neutrino model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4406 </DOCNO>
Josephson current between chiral superconductors


  We study chiral interface Andreev bound states and their influence on the
Josephson current between clean superconductors. Possible examples are
superconducting Sr2RuO4 and the B-phase of the heavy-fermion superconductor
UPt3. We show that, under certain conditions, the low-energy chiral surface
states enhance the critical current of symmetric tunnel junctions at low
temperatures. The enhancement is substantially more pronounced in quantum point
contacts. In classical junctions dispersive chiral states result in a
logarithmic dependence of the critical current. This logarithmic behavior
contains the temperature, the barrier transparency and the broadening of the
bound states, and depends on the detailed relation between these parameters.
The Josephson current through the domain wall doesn't acquire this logarithmic
enhancement, although the contribution from the bound states is important in
this case as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167998 </DOCNO>
Bell's inequalities II: logical loophole in their interpretation


  Assumed data streams from a delayed choice gedanken experiment must satisfy a
Bell's identity independently of locality assumptions. The violation of Bell's
inequality by assumed correlations of identical form among these data streams
implies that they cannot all result from statistically equivalent variables of
a homogeneous process. This is consistent with both the requirements of
arithmetic and distinctions between commuting and noncommuting observables in
quantum mechanics. Neglect of these distinctions implies a logical loophole in
the conventional interpretation of Bell's inequalities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5222 </DOCNO>
Replica treatment of non-Hermitian disordered Hamiltonians


  We employ the fermionic and bosonic replicated nonlinear sigma models to
treat Ginibre unitary, symplectic, and orthogonal ensembles of non-Hermitian
random matrix Hamiltonians. Using saddle point approach combined with Borel
resummation procedure we derive the exact large-N results for microscopic
density of states in all three ensembles. We also obtain tails of the density
of states as well the two-point function for the unitary ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81119 </DOCNO>
Noncompact gauge fields on a lattice: SU(n) theories


  Recently it has been found that in a noncompact lattice regularization of the
SU(2) gauge theory the physical volume is larger than in the Wilson theory with
the same number of sites. In its original formulation the noncompact
regularization is directly applicable to U(n) theories for any n and to SU(n)
theories for n=2. In this paper we extend it to SU(n) for any n and investigate
some of its properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97033 </DOCNO>
Non-Noether symmetries in singular dynamical systems


  It's well known that Noether symmetries lead to the conservation laws.
Conserved quantities are constructed out of generator of the symmetry -
invariant Hamiltonian vector field. Considering more general class of vector
fields - non-Hamiltonian ones leads to the notion of non-Noether symmetry and
conservation laws (Lutzky's integrals of motion) with interesting properties.
 In the present paper correspondence between non-Noether symmetries and
conserved quantities in different types of dynamical systems (DS on symplectic,
presymplectic and Poisson manifolds) is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41337 </DOCNO>
Searches for Higgs Bosons Decaying into Photons: Preliminary Combined


  This note describes preliminary LEP-combined results of searches for Higgs
bosons decaying into photons. The analyses use data collected at sqrt(s)~88-209
GeV. Using the combined data for H -> gamma gamma, a lower bound of 108.2 GeV
is set at the 95% confidence level for the ``benchmark'' fermiophobic Higgs
boson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125914 </DOCNO>
A K-band Selected Photometric Redshift Catalog in the HDF-S: Sampling


  We present the first results from the Faint Infra-Red Extragalactic Survey
(FIRES) of the Hubble Deep Field South. Using a combination of deep near
infrared data obtained with ISAAC at the VLT with the WFPC2 HST data, we
construct a K-band selected sample of 136 galaxies with K(AB)<=23.5. We derive
zphot's using a newly developed technique which models the observed spectral
energy distribution with a linear combination of empirical galaxy templates.
Testing our zphot technique against spectroscopic redshifts in the HDF-N yields
dz/(1+z)~0.07 for z<6. We show that we can derive realistic error estimates in
zphot by combining the systematic uncertainties derived from the HDF-N with
errors in zphot which depend on the observed flux errors. The redshift
histogram of galaxies in the HDF-S shows distinct structure with a sharp peak
at z~0.5 and a broad enhancement at z~1-1.4. We find that 12% of our galaxies
with K(vega)<21 lie at z>=2. While this is higher than the fraction predicted
in Omega_M=1 hierarchical models of galaxy formation we find that published
predictions using pure luminosity evolution models produce too many bright
galaxies at redshifts greater than unity. Finally, we use our broad wavelength
coverage to measure the rest-frame UBV luminosities Lrest for z<=3. There is a
paucity of galaxies brighter than Lrest_V>=1.4e10 h^{-2}Lsun at z~1.5-2,
however, at z>2 we find very luminous galaxies with Lrest_V>=5e10 h^{-2}Lsun
(for Omega_M=0.3,Lambda=0.7, H_o=100 h km s^{-1}Mpc^{-1}). Local B-band
luminosity functions predict 0.1 galaxies in the redshift range 2<=z<=3.5 and
with Lrest_B>= 5e10 h^{-2}Lsun,B but we find 9. The discrepancy can be
explained if L*_B increases by a factor of 2.4-3.2 with respect to locally
determined values (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74204 </DOCNO>
Is the Sullivan Process Compatible with QCD Chiral Dynamics?


  We calculate the leading non-analytic quark-mass dependence in the moments of
isovector quark distributions using heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory.
The results differ from those obtained from the Sullivan process in which hard
scattering occurs through the virtual pion cloud of the nucleon. Our results
provide useful guidance for improving upon the meson-cloud model and can be
used to constrain the extrapolations of the existing lattice QCD results to the
physical quark masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74697 </DOCNO>
Soft-Gluon Resummation for the Fragmentation of Light and Heavy Quarks


  We present a QCD study of fragmentation processes for light and heavy quarks
in the semi-inclusive region of large x. Large logarithmic terms, due to
soft-gluon radiation, are evaluated and resummed to all perturbative orders in
the QCD coupling alpha_s. Complete analytical results to next-to-leading
logarithmic accuracy are given for one-particle and two-particle inclusive
distributions in e+e- annihilation and DIS. Factorization of parton radiation
at low transverse momenta is exploited to identify the universal
(process-independent) perturbative fragmentation function that controls
heavy-quark processes, and to perform next-to-leading logarithmic resummation
of its soft-gluon contributions. To gauge the quantitative impact of
resummation, we perform numerical studies of light- and heavy-quark
fragmentation in e+e- collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41738 </DOCNO>
Proton and Photon Structure


  The increasing precision of the measurements on the proton structure and an
improved treatment of the correlated systematic experimental errors constitute
a major step forward in our understanding of the flavour decomposition of the
proton and the momentum distributions of the various flavours. Together with
theoretical progress on the next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to
deep inelastic scattering processes, the proton measurements already imply a
new level of precision for the strong coupling constant alpha-s. The progress
in the measurements on the quantum fluctuations of the photon allows questions
on the universal properties of hadronic structures to be addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81167 </DOCNO>
Composite Reweighting the Glasgow Method for Finite Density QCD


  The reweighting method developed in Glasgow to circumvent the lattice action
becoming complex at finite density suffers from a pathological onset transition
thought to be due to the reweighting. We present a new reweighting scheme based
on this approach in which we combine ensembles to alleviate the sampling bias
we identify in the polynomial coefficients of the fugacity expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168773 </DOCNO>
One-parameter Darboux-transformed quantum actions in Thermodynamics


  We use nonrelativistic supersymmetry, mainly Darboux transformations of the
general (one-parameter) type, for the quantum oscillator thermodynamic actions.
Interesting Darboux generalizations of the fundamental Planck and pure vacuum
cases are discussed in some detail with relevant plots. It is shown that the
one-parameter Darboux-transformed Thermodynamics refers to superpositions of
boson and fermion excitations of positive and negative absolute temperature,
respectively. Recent results of Arnaud, Chusseau, and Philippe physics/0105048
regarding a single mode oscillator Carnot cycle are extended in the same
Darboux perspective. We also conjecture a Darboux generalization of the
fluctuation-dissipation theorem

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125730 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission and variability of young, nearby stars


  X-ray emission has played a major role in the recent identification of
several groups of young, nearby stars. The ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) is due
to its spatial completeness an important tool for discovering stellar
associations and investigating their X-ray properties. However, it has
comparatively low sensitivity and poor temporal coverage, and is therefore of
limited use for variability studies. The situation is greatly improved by the
new generation of X-ray observatories, e.g. for coronal X-ray sources XMM has
about an order of magnitude higher sensitivity than the RASS and provides much
longer exposure times allowing continuous monitoring for more than 40 h.
  We demonstrate the capabilities of both the RASS by comparing X-ray
luminosity functions (XLF) of different young stellar associations, and XMM by
discussing one young very nearby star in detail, GJ 182.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96034 </DOCNO>
Alcoves associated to special fibers of local models


  The special fiber of the local model of a PEL Shimura variety with
Iwahori-type level structure admits a cellular decomposition. The set of strata
is in a natural way a finite subset of the affine Weyl group determined by the
Shimura data. In this paper, we generalize and give a new proof of a theorem of
Kottwitz and Rapoport concerning the description of this set for the case of
linear and symplectic groups. For higher rank groups not of type A_n, we
produce counterexamples showing the situation is not as nice in general. Also,
we recover a theorem of Deodhar characterizing the Bruhat order on S_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2513 </DOCNO>
Order statistics for d-dimensional diffusion processes


  We present results for the ordered sequence of first passage times of arrival
of N random walkers at a boundary in Euclidean spaces of d dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125818 </DOCNO>
Trajectories of the images in binary microlensing


  We study in detail the trajectories followed by single images during binary
microlensing events. Starting from perturbative resolutions of the lens
equation, we explore the full parameter space by continuity arguments. We see
that the images created during the caustic crossing can recombine with the
others in different ways. This leads to a new classification of the
microlensing events according to the behaviour of the images. We show that the
images involved in these combinations depend on the folds that are crossed at
the entry and at the exit from the caustic. Non-trivial trajectories can be
classified into four main types. Some consequences for the motion of the center
of light of the source in astrometric measurements are also examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76807 </DOCNO>
Strangeness and Statistical QCD


  We discuss properties of statistical QCD relevant in Fermi phase space model
analysis of strange hadron production experimental data. We argue that the
analysis results interpreted using established statistical QCD properties are
demonstrating formation of the color deconfined state of matter in relativistic
heavy ion collisions at highest CERN-SPS energies and at BNL-RHIC, comprising
deconfined matter composed of nearly massless quarks and gluons, in statistical
equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86724 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein anisotropy in the CMB


  We show that 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein graviton stresses can slow the decay
of shear anisotropy on the brane to observable levels, and we use cosmic
microwave background anisotropies to place limits on the initial anisotropy
induced by these stresses. An initial shear to Hubble distortion of only \sim
10^{-3}\Omega_0h_0^2 at the 5D Planck time would allow the observed large-angle
CMB signal to be a relic mainly of KK tidal effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98308 </DOCNO>
Unitary Representations of Quantum Lorentz Group and Quantum


  The aim of this paper is to give a group theoretical interpretation of the
three types of Bessel-Jackson functions. We consider a family of quantum
Lorentz groups and a family of quantum Lobachevsky spaces. For three members of
quantum Lobachevsky spaces the Casimir operators give rise to the two-body
relativistic open Toda lattice Hamiltonians. Their eigen-functions are the
modified Bessel-Jackson functions of three types. We construct the principal
series of unitary irreducible representations of the quantum Lorentz groups.
Special matrix elements in the irreducible spaces are the
Bessel-Macdonald-Jackson functions. They are the wave functions of the two-body
relativistic open Toda lattice. We obtain integral representations for these
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85824 </DOCNO>
Mixmaster Horava-Witten Cosmology


  We discuss various superstring effective actions and, in particular, their
common sector which leads to the so-called pre-big-bang cosmology (cosmology in
a weak coupling limit of heterotic superstring). Then, we review the main ideas
of the Horava-Witten theory which is a strong coupling limit of heterotic
superstring theory. Using the conformal relationship between these two theories
we present Kasner asymptotic solutions of Bianchi type IX geometries within
these theories and make predictions about possible emergence of chaos. Finally,
we present a possible method of generating Horava-Witten cosmological solutions
out of the well-known general relativistic pre-big-bang solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97950 </DOCNO>
A Computational Algorithm for \pi(N)


  An algorithm for computing \pi(N) is presented.It is shown that using a
symmetry of odd composites we can easily compute \pi(N).This method relies on
the fact that counting the number of odd composites not exceeding N suffices to
calculate \pi(N).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98292 </DOCNO>
Universal abelian covers of surface singularities


  We discuss the evidence for and implications of a conjecture that the
universal abelian cover of a Q-Gorenstein surface singularity with finite local
homology (i.e., the singularity link is a Q-homology sphere) is a complete
intersection singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148648 </DOCNO>
Ramond-Ramond Couplings of Noncommutative D-branes


  We propose the leading couplings, in an alpha' expansion, of noncommutative
D-branes to RR potentials in a constant NSNS B-field for an arbitrary choice of
noncommutative parameter. The proposal is motivated by some string amplitude
computations. The zero momentum couplings are topological in nature and involve
Elliott's noncommutative Chern character. The finite momentum couplings are
given by smearing the zero momentum operators along an open Wilson line.
Comparisons between the RR couplings in different descriptions lead to a better
understanding of the field redefinitions between gauge field variables (the
Seiberg-Witten map) and help constrain alpha' corrections. In particular we
recover the Seiberg-Witten map conjectured by one of the authors in
hep-th/0011125. We also discuss the dynamics of the transverse scalar fields
and find evidence for a new derivative-driven dielectric effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126262 </DOCNO>
L-Band Photometry of L and T Dwarfs


  We present K- and L-band photometry obtained with the Keck I telescope for a
representative sample of L and T dwarfs. These observations were motivated in
part by the dominant role water and methane play in shaping the flux near 2 and
3 microns and by the potential use of these bands as indicators of spectral
class in the infrared. In addition, these observations aid the determination of
the bolometric luminosity of L and T dwarfs. Here we report the K, L' and Ls
magnitudes of our objects and the trends observed in the (K-L') and (K-Ls)
colors as a function of L- and T-dwarf spectral class. We compare these colors
with theoretical models, derive a relationship between effective temperature
and L-spectral class, and compare our temperature estimates with others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127832 </DOCNO>
Inflationary Cosmology: Theory and Phenomenology


  This article gives a brief overview of some of the theory behind the
inflationary cosmology, and discusses prospects for constraining inflation
using observations. Particular care is given to the question of falsifiability
of inflation or of subsets of inflationary models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125561 </DOCNO>
X-ray Structure in Cluster Cooling Flows and Its Relationship to Star


  Analyses of Chandra's first images of cooling flow clusters find smaller
cooling rates than previously thought. Cooling may be occurring preferentially
near regions of star formation in central cluster galaxies, where the local
cooling and star formation rates agree to within factors of a few. The radio
sources in central cluster galaxies are interacting with and are often
displacing the hot, intracluster gas. X-ray ``bubbles'' seen in Chandra images
are used to measure the amount of energy radio sources deposit into their
surroundings, and they may survive as fossil records of ancient radio activity.
The bubbles are vessels that transport magnetic fields from giant black holes
to the outskirts of clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126434 </DOCNO>
Pair Production and Radiation Effects in Clouds Illuminated by Gamma Ray


  Many classes of gamma-ray sources, such as gamma-ray bursts, blazars, Seyfert
galaxies, and galactic black hole sources are surrounded by large amounts of
gas and dust. X-rays and gamma-rays that traverse this material will be
attenuated by Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption. One signature of
an intervening scattering cloud is radiation-hardening by electrons that have
been scattered and heated by the incident radiation, as illustrated by a Monte
Carlo calculation. Compton scattering provides backscattered photons that will
attenuate subsequent gamma rays through \gamma\gamma pair-production processes.
We calculate the pair efficiency for a cloud illuminated by gamma-ray burst
radiation. An analytic calculation of the flux of X-rays and gamma rays Thomson
scattered by an intervening cloud is presented. Illuminated clouds near GRBs
will form relativistic plasmas containing large numbers of electron-positron
pairs that can be detected within ~1-2 days of the explosion before expanding
and dissipating. Localized regions of pair annihilation radiation in the Galaxy
could reveal gamma-ray sources embedded in dense clouds, or sites of past GRB
explosions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2192 </DOCNO>
A Multiscale Approach for Modeling Crystalline Solids


  In this paper we present a modeling approach to bridge the atomistic with
macroscopic scales in crystalline materials. The methodology combines
identification and modeling of the controlling unit processes at microscopic
level with the direct atomistic determination of fundamental material
properties. These properties are computed using a many body Force Field derived
from ab initio quantum-mechanical calculations. This approach is exercised to
describe the mechanical response of high-purity Tantalum single crystals,
including the effect of temperature and strain-rate on the hardening rate. The
resulting atomistically informed model is found to capture salient features of
the behavior of these crystals such as: the dependence of the initial yield
point on temperature and strain rate; the presence of a marked stage I of easy
glide, specially at low temperatures and high strain rates; the sharp onset of
stage II hardening and its tendency to shift towards lower strains, and
eventually disappear, as the temperature increases or the strain rate
decreases; the parabolic stage II hardening at low strain rates or high
temperatures; the stage II softening at high strain rates or low temperatures;
the trend towards saturation at high strains; the temperature and strain-rate
dependence of the saturation stress; and the orientation dependence of the
hardening rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125909 </DOCNO>
Rotationally-induced asymmetry in the double-peak lightcurves of the


  Pulsed emission from the bright EGRET pulsars - Vela, Crab, and Geminga -
extends up to 10 GeV. The generic gamma lightcurve features two peaks separated
by 0.4 to 0.5 in phase. According to Thompson (2001) the lightcurve becomes
asymmetrical above 5 GeV in such a way that the trailing peak dominates over
the leading peak. We attempt to interpret this asymmetry within a
single-polar-cap scenario. We investigate the role of rotational effects on the
magnetic one-photon absorption rate in inducing such asymmetry. Our Monte Carlo
simulations of pulsar gamma-ray beams reveal that in the case of oblique
rotators with rotation periods of a few millisecond the rotational effects lead
to the asymmetry of the requested magnitude. However, the rotators relevant for
the bright EGRET pulsars must not have their inclination angles too large in
order to keep the two peaks at a separation of 0.4 in phase. With such a
condition imposed on the model rotators the resulting effects are rather minute
and can hardly be reconciled with the magnitude of the observed asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125464 </DOCNO>
Search for Supernova Neutrino-Bursts with the AMANDA Detector


  The core collapse of a massive star in the Milky Way will produce a neutrino
burst, intense enough to be detected by existing underground detectors. The
AMANDA neutrino telescope located deep in the South Pole ice can detect MeV
neutrinos by a collective rate increase in all photo-multipliers on top of dark
noise. The main source of light comes from positrons produced in the
CC-reaction of anti-electron neutrinos on free protons $\antinue + p \to e^+ +
n$. This paper describes the first supernova search performed on the full sets
of data taken during 1997 and 1998 (215 days of live time) with 302 of the
detector's optical modules. No candidate events resulted from this search. The
performance of the detector is calculated, yielding a 70% coverage of the
Galaxy with one background fake per year with 90% efficiency for the detector
configuration under study. An upper limit at the 90% c.l. on the rate of
stellar collapses in the Milky Way is derived, yielding 4.3 events per year. A
trigger algorithm is presented and its performance estimated. Possible
improvements of the detector hardware are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96677 </DOCNO>
Plurisubharmonic defining functions, good vector fields, and exactness


  We show that the approaches to global regularity of the d-bar Neumann problem
via the methods listed in the title are equivalent when the conditions involved
are suitably modified. These modified conditions are also equivalent to one
that is relevant in the context of Stein neighborhood bases and Mergelyan type
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83874 </DOCNO>
The Internet and Community Networks: Case Studies of Five U.S. Cities


  This paper looks at five U.S. cities (Austin, Cleveland, Nashville, Portland,
and Washington, DC) and explores strategies being employed by community
activists and local governments to create and sustain community networking
projects. In some cities, community networking initiatives are relatively
mature, while in others they are in early or intermediate stages. The paper
looks at several factors that help explain the evolution of community networks
in cities:
  1) Local government support; 2) Federal support 3) Degree of community
activism, often reflected by public-private partnerships that help support
community networks.
  In addition to these (more or less) measurable elements of local support, the
case studies enable description of the different objectives of community
networks in different cities. Several community networking projects aim to
improve the delivery of government services (e.g., Portland and Cleveland),
some have a job-training focus (e.g., Austin, Washington, DC), others are
oriented very explicitly toward community building (Nashville, DC), and others
toward neighborhood entrepreneurship (Portland and Cleveland).
  The paper ties the case studies together by asking whether community
technology initiatives contribute to social capital in the cities studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75017 </DOCNO>
Fractals in top non-leptonic decays


  A study of the use of fractals in top non-leptonic decays for the sake of
discrimination against background is presented. Preliminary results show that
fractals may provide a useful check for top event enrichment techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75247 </DOCNO>
A Chiral Effective Field Theory and Radiative Decays of Mesons


  An extended $U(3)_L\bigotimes U(3)_R$ chiral effective field theory which
includes pseudoscalar and vector meson nonets as dynamic variables is
presented. The theory combines a hidden symmetry approach with a general
procedure of including the $\eta'$ meson into chiral theory, and accounts for
$direct$ and $indirect$ symmetry breaking effects via a mechanism based on the
quark mass matrix. The theory is applied to anomalous radiative decays using
particle mixing schemes, corresponding to different symmetry breaking
assumptions and uniquely determined by the lagarngian presumed. Radiative
decays of light flavor mesons are best explained within the framework of a one
mixing angle scheme and provide evidence for $SU(3)_F$ and nonet symmetry
breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127477 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Galaxy Alignments and Weak Gravitational Lensing


  Gravitational lensing causes background galaxy images to become aligned, and
the statistical characteristics of the image alignments can then be used to
constrain the power spectrum of mass fluctuations. Analyses of gravitational
lensing assume that intrinsic galaxy alignments are negligible, but if this
assumption does not hold, then the interpretation of image alignments will be
in error. As gravitational lensing experiments become more ambitious and seek
very low-level alignments arising from lensing by large-scale structure, it
becomes more important to estimate the level of intrinsic alignment in the
galaxy population. In this article, I review the cluster of independent
theoretical studies of this issue, as well as the current observational status.
Theoretically, the calculation of intrinsic alignments is by no means
straightforward, but some consensus has emerged from the existing works,
despite each making very different assumptions. This consensus is that a)
intrinsic alignments are a small but non-negligible (< 10%) contaminant of the
lensing ellipticity correlation function, for samples with a median redshift z
= 1; b) intrinsic alignments dominate the signal for low-redshift samples (z =
0.1), as expected in the SuperCOSMOS lensing survey and the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125898 </DOCNO>
Forming stars on a viscous timescale: the key to exponential stellar


  We argue for implementing star formation on a viscous timescale in
hydrodynamical simulations of disk galaxy formation and evolution. Modelling
two-dimensional isolated disk galaxies with the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK)
hydrocode, we verify the analytic claim of various authors that if the
characteristic timescale for star formation is equal to the viscous timescale
in disks, the resulting stellar profile is exponential on several scale lengths
whatever the initial gas and dark matter profile. This casts new light on both
numerical and semi-analytical disk formation simulations which either (a)
commence star formation in an already exponential gaseous disk, (b) begin a
disk simulation with conditions known to lead to an exponential, i.e. the
collapse of a spherically symmetric nearly uniform sphere of gas in solid body
rotation under the assumption of specific angular momentum conservation, or (c)
in simulations performed in a hierarchical context, tune their feedback
processes to delay disk formation until the dark matter halos are slowly
evolving and without much substructure so that the gas has the chance to
collapse under conditions known to give exponentials. In such models, star
formation follows a Schmidt-like law, which for lack of a suitable timescale,
resorts to an efficiency parameter. With star formation prescribed on a viscous
timescale however, we find gas and star fractions after $\sim$ 12 Gyr that are
consistent with observations without having to invoke any ``fudge factor'' for
star formation. Our results strongly suggest that despite our gap in
understanding the exact link between star formation and viscosity, the viscous
timescale is indeed the natural timescale for star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 940 </DOCNO>
Stick-Slip Fluctuations in Granular Drag


  We study fluctuations in the drag force experienced by an object moving
through a granular medium. The successive formation and collapse of jammed
states give a stick-slip nature to the fluctuations which are periodic at small
depths but become "stepped" at large depths, a transition which we interpret as
a consequence of the long-range nature of the force chains and the finite size
of our experiment. Another important finding is that the mean force and the
fluctuations appear to be independent of the properties of the contact surface
between the grains and the dragged object. These results imply that the drag
force originates in the bulk properties of the granular sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5352 </DOCNO>
General criterion for controllable conformational transitions of single


  Chain-like macromolecules in solution, whether biological or synthetic,
transform from a spatially extended conformation to a compact one upon change
of temperature or solvent qualities. This sharp transition plays a key role in
various phenomena, including DNA condensation, protein folding, and the
behaviour of polymer solutions. In biological processes such as DNA
condensation the collapse is sensitively induced by a small amount of added
molecules. Here we derive a general criterion for the effect of such agents on
conformational transitions. We find two different scenarios depending on chain
stiffness. If the persistence length --the characteristic distance along which
the chain retains its direction-- is smaller than the range of attractive
correlations induced by the agent (typically up to several nanometres), the
chain contracts gradually. Stiffer chains undergo sharp collapse. We thereby
suggest that the enhanced rigidity of double-stranded DNA as compared to the
single strand is a prerequisite for sharp, controllable conformational
transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87001 </DOCNO>
Red-shifts near black holes


  A simple ordinary differential equation is derived governing the red-shifts
of wave-fronts propagating through a non-stationary spherically symmetric
space-time. Approach to an event horizon corresponds to approach to a fixed
point; in general, the phase portrait of the equation illuminates the
qualitative features of the geometry. In particular, the asymptotics of the
red-shift as a horizon is approached, a critical ingredient of Hawking's
prediction of radiation from black holes, are easily brought out. This
asympotic behavior has elements in common with the universal behavior near
phase transitions in statistical physics. The validity of the Unruh vacuum for
the Hawking process can be understood in terms of this universality. The
concept of surface gravity is extended to to non-stationary spherically
symmetric black holes. Finally, it is shown that in the non-stationary case,
Hawking's predicted flux of radiation from a black hole would be modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86706 </DOCNO>
A Conventional Physics Explanation for the Anomalous Acceleration of


  Anderson, et al., find the measured trajectories of Pioneer 10 and 11
spacecraft deviate from the trajectories computed from known forces acting on
them. This unmodelled acceleration can be accounted for by non-isotropic
radiation of spacecraft heat. Various forms of non-isotropic radiation were
proposed by Katz, Murphy, and Scheffer, but Anderson, et al. felt that none of
these could explain the observed effect. This paper calculates the known
effects in more detail and considers new sources of radiation, all based on
spacecraft construction. These effects are then modelled over the duration of
the experiment. The model provides a reasonable fit to the acceleration from
its appearance at a heliocentric distance of 5 AU to the last measurement at 71
AU, but overpredicts by 9% the decrease in acceleration between intervals I and
III of the Pioneer 10 observations. (For comparison, the two different
measurements of the effect (SIGMA and CHASMP) themselves differ by 4% in
interval III.) In any case, by accounting for the bulk of the acceleration, the
proposed mechanism makes it much more likely that the entire effect can be
explained without the need for new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96899 </DOCNO>
Jordanian Quantum Algebra ${\cal U}_{\sf h}(sl(N))$ via Contraction


  Using the contraction procedure introduced by us in Ref. \cite{ACC2}, we
construct, in the first part of the present letter, the Jordanian quantum Hopf
algebra ${\cal U}_{\sf h}(sl(3))$ which has a remarkably simple coalgebraic
structure and contains the Jordanian Hopf algebra ${\cal U}_{\sf h}(sl(2))$,
obtained by Ohn, as a subalgebra. A nonlinear map between ${\cal U}_{\sf
h}(sl(3))$ and the classical $sl(3)$ algebra is then established. In the second
part, we give the higher dimensional Jordanian algebras ${\cal U}_{\sf
h}(sl(N))$ for all $N$. The Universal ${\cal R}_{\sf h}$-matrix of ${\cal
U}_{\sf h} (sl(N))$ is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2131 </DOCNO>
Instability and wavelength selection during step flow growth of metal


  We study the onset and development of ledge instabilities during growth of
vicinal metal surfaces using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. We observe the
formation of periodic patterns at [110] close packed step edges on surfaces
vicinal to fcc(001) under realistic molecular beam epitaxy conditions. The
corresponding wavelength and its temperature dependence are studied by
monitoring the autocorrelation function for step edge position. Simulations
suggest that the ledge instability on fcc(1,1,m) vicinal surfaces is controlled
by the strong kink Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier, with the wavelength determined by
dimer nucleation at the step edge. Our results are in agreement with recent
continuum theoretical predictions, and experiments on Cu(1,1,17) vicinal
surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168734 </DOCNO>
Whose Knowledge?


  Sir Rudolph Peierls, in a reply to John Bell's last critique of the state of
our understanding of quantum mechanics, maintained that it is easy to give an
acceptable account of the physical significance of the quantum theory. The key
is to recognize that all the density matrix characterizing a physical system
ever represents is knowledge about that system. In answer to Bell's implicit
rejoinder "Whose knowledge?" Peierls offered two simple consistency conditions
that must be satisfied by density matrices that convey the knowledge different
people might have about one and the same physical system: their density
matrices must commute and must have a non-zero product. I describe a simple
counterexample to his first condition, but show that his second condition,
which holds trivially if the first does, continues to be valid in its absence.
It is an open question whether any other conditions must be imposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125584 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the dust mass loss with luminosity along the giant branch


  The paper investigates the properties of the dust mass loss in stars
populating the giant branch of the globular cluster 47 Tuc, by combining ISOCAM
and DENIS data. Raster maps of 5 fields covering areas ranging from 4 x 4 to 15
x 15 arcmin2 at different distances from the center of the cluster have been
obtained with ISOCAM at 11.5 mum (LW10 filter). The covered fields include most
of the red variables known in this cluster. A detection threshold of about 0.2
mJy is achieved, allowing to detect giant stars at 11.5 mum all the way down to
the horizontal branch. No dust-enshrouded asymptotic giant branch stars have
been found in the observed fields, contrary to the situation encountered in
LMC/SMC globular clusters with larger turnoff masses. The color index [12]-[2]
(based on the ISO 11.5 mum flux and on the DENIS Ks magnitude) is used as a
diagnostic of dust emission (and hence dust mass loss). Its evolution with
luminosity along the giant branch reveals that dust mass loss is only present
in V3 (the only cluster Mira variable observed in the present study) and in
V18, a star presenting intermittent variability. This conclusion confirms the
importance of stellar pulsations in the dust formation and ensuing mass loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75726 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative Landau gauge and infrared critical exponents in QCD


  We discuss Faddeev-Popov quantization at the non-perturbative level and show
that Gribov's prescription of cutting off the functional integral at the Gribov
horizon does not change the Schwinger-Dyson equations, but rather resolves an
ambiguity in the solution of these equations. We note that Gribov's
prescription is not exact, and we therefore turn to the method of stochastic
quantization in its time-independent formulation, and recall the proof that it
is correct at the non-perturbative level. The non-perturbative Landau gauge is
derived as a limiting case, and it is found that it yields the Faddeev-Popov
method in Landau gauge with a cut-off at the Gribov horizon, plus a novel term
that corrects for over-counting of Gribov copies inside the Gribov horizon.
Non-perturbative but truncated coupled Schwinger-Dyson equations for the gluon
and ghost propagators $D(k)$ and $G(k)$ in Landau gauge are solved
asymptotically in the infrared region. The infrared critical exponents or
anomalous dimensions, defined by $D(k) \sim 1/(k^2)^{1 + a_D}$ and $G(k) \sim
1/(k^2)^{1 + a_G}$ are obtained in space-time dimensions $d = 2, 3, 4$. Two
possible solutions are obtained with the values, in $d = 4$ dimensions, $a_G =
1, a_D = -2$, or $ a_G = [93 - (1201)^{1/2}]/98 \approx 0.595353, a_D = -
2a_G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149082 </DOCNO>
Chiral Phase Transitions


  We show that melting the quark mass, the scalar $\sigma $ mass and the quark
condensate leads uniquely to the quark-level SU(2) linear $\sigma $ model field
theory. Upon thermalization, the chiral phase transition curve requires $T_c
=2f^{CL}_{\pi}\approx 180 MeV$ when $\mu = 0$, while the critical chemical
potential is $\mu_c =m_q\approx 325 MeV$. Transition to the superconductive
phase occurs at $T^{(SC)}_c=\Delta /\pi e^{-\gamma_E}$. Coloured diquarks
suggest $T_c^{(SC)}<180 MeV$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 530 </DOCNO>
Analytical solution of a model for complex food webs


  We study a recently proposed model for food webs [Nature {\bf 404}, 180
(2000)]. We investigate numerically and analytically this model in the limit of
large web sizes and sparse interaction matrices. We also obtain analytical
expressions for several quantities with ecological interest, such as the
probability distributions for the number of preys and the number of predators,
the fractions of top, intermediate and basal species, and the standard
deviations of vulnerability and generality of the species in the food web.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3519 </DOCNO>
Growth of Strongly Biaxially Aligned MgB2 Thin Films on Sapphire by


  MgB2 thin films were cold-grown on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser
deposition (PLD), followed by post-annealing in mixed, reducing gas, Mg-rich,
Zr gettered, environments. The films had Tcs in the range 29 K to 34 K, Jcs
(20K, H=0) in the range 30 kA/cm2 to 300 kA/cm2, and irreversibility fields at
20 K of 4 T to 6.2 T. An inverse correlation was found between Tc and
irreversibility field. The films had grain sizes of 0.1-1 micron and a strong
biaxial alignment was observed in the 950C annealed film.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2612 </DOCNO>
Theory of the Quantum Hall Smectic Phase I


  We develop an effective low energy theory of the Quantum Hall (QH) Smectic or
stripe phase of a two-dimensional electron gas in a large magnetic field in
terms of its Goldstone modes and of the charge fluctuations on each stripe.
This liquid crystal phase corresponds to a fixed point which is explicitly
demonstrated to be stable against quantum fluctuations at long wavelengths.
This fixed point theory also allows an unambiguous reconstruction of the
electron operator. We find that quantum fluctuations are so severe that the
electron Green function decays faster than any power-law, although slower than
exponentially, and that consequently there is a deep pseudo-gap in the
quasiparticle spectrum. We discuss, but do not resolve the stability of the
quantum Hall smectic to crystallization. Finally, the role of Coulomb
interactions and the low temperature thermodynamics of the QH smectic state are
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174837 </DOCNO>
Measurements of sideward flow around the balance energy


  Sideward flow values have been determined with the INDRA multidetector for
Ar+Ni, Ni+Ni and Xe+Sn systems studied at GANIL in the 30 to 100 A.MeV incident
energy range. The balance energies found for Ar+Ni and Ni+Ni systems are in
agreement with previous experimental results and theoretical calculations.
Negative sideward flow values have been measured. The possible origins of such
negative values are discussed. They could result from a more important
contribution of evaporated particles with respect to the contribution of
promptly emitted particles at mid-rapidity. But effects induced by the methods
used to reconstruct the reaction plane cannot be totally excluded. Complete
tests of these methods are presented and the origins of the
``auto-correlation'' effect have been traced back. For heavy fragments, the
observed negative flow values seem to be mainly due to the reaction plane
reconstruction methods. For light charged particles, these negative values
could result from the dynamics of the collisions and from the reaction plane
reconstruction methods as well. These effects have to be taken into account
when comparisons with theoretical calculations are done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97633 </DOCNO>
Building a Stationary Stochastic Process From a Finite-dimensional


  If A is a finite alphabet, Z^D is a D-dimensional lattice, U is a subset of
Z^D, and mu_U is a probability measure on A^U that ``looks like'' the marginal
projection of a stationary random field on A^(Z^D), then can we ``extend'' mu_U
to such a field? Under what conditions can we make this extension ergodic,
(quasi)periodic, or (weakly) mixing? After surveying classical work on this
problem when D = 1, we provide some sufficient conditions and some necessary
conditions for mu_U to be extendible for D > 1, and show that, in general, the
problem is not formally decidable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76501 </DOCNO>
Small x divergences in a heavy quark-antiquark state


  With the current state of similarity renormalisation group approach to
light-front QCD, it is possible to address with a degree of generality the
issue of light-cone zero modes. We find, contrary to earlier results in a less
general framework, that infrared divergences associated with the zero modes do
not cancel out in a color singlet heavy quark-antiquark states, except for the
lowest order in the nonrelativistic expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98562 </DOCNO>
Connes-amenability and normal, virtual diagonals for measure algebras,


  We prove that the following are equivalent for a locally compact group $G$:
(i) $G$ is amenable; (ii) $M(G)$ is Connes-amenable; (iii) $M(G)$ has a normal,
virtual diagonal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169300 </DOCNO>
Multi-parameter Entanglement in Quantum Interferometry


  The role of multi-parameter entanglement in quantum interference from
collinear type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion is explored using a
variety of aperture shapes and sizes, in regimes of both ultrafast and
continuous-wave pumping. We have developed and experimentally verified a theory
of down-conversion which considers a quantum state that can be concurrently
entangled in frequency, wavevector, and polarization. In particular, we
demonstrate deviations from the familiar triangular interference dip, such as
asymmetry and peaking. These findings improve our capacity to control the
quantum state produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and should
prove useful to those pursuing the many proposed applications of down-converted
light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97240 </DOCNO>
Quantum cohomology of Grassmannians


  We give elementary proofs of the main theorems about (small) quantum
cohomology of Grassmannians, including the quantum Giambelli and quantum Pieri
formulas, the rim-hook algorithm, Siebert and Tian's presentation, and a recent
theorem of Fulton and Woodward about the minimal q-power which appears in a
product of two Schubert classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76429 </DOCNO>
On the equivalence of regularization schemes


  We illustrated via the sunset diagram that dimensional regularization
'deforms' the nonlocal contents of multi-loop diagrams with its equivalence to
cut-off regularization scheme recovered only after sub-divergence were
subtracted. Then we employed a differential equation approach for calculating
loop diagrams to verify that dimensional regularization deformed the 'low
energy' contents before subtraction. The virtues of the differential equation
approach were argued especially in non-perturbative perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168815 </DOCNO>
Quantum Measurement, Information, and Completely Positive Maps


  Axiomatic approach to measurement theory is developed. All the possible
statistical properties of apparatuses measuring an observable with
nondegenerate spectrum allowed in standard quantum mechanics are characterized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2788 </DOCNO>
Iterated Conformal Dynamics and Laplacian Growth


  The method of iterated conformal maps for the study of Diffusion Limited
Aggregates (DLA) is generalized to the study of Laplacian Growth Patterns and
related processes. We emphasize the fundamental difference between these
processes: DLA is grown serially with constant size particles, while Laplacian
patterns are grown by advancing each boundary point in parallel, proportionally
to the gradient of the Laplacian field. We introduce a 2-parameter family of
growth patterns that interpolates between DLA and a discrete version of
Laplacian growth. The ultraviolet putative finite-time singularities are
regularized here by a minimal tip size, equivalently for all the models in this
family. With this we stress that the difference between DLA and Laplacian
growth is NOT in the manner of ultraviolet regularization, but rather in their
deeply different growth rules. The fractal dimensions of the asymptotic
patterns depend continuously on the two parameters of the family, giving rise
to a "phase diagram" in which DLA and discretized Laplacian growth are at the
extreme ends. In particular we show that the fractal dimension of Laplacian
growth patterns is much higher than the fractal dimension of DLA, with the
possibility of dimension 2 for the former not excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129612 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a tight correlation between pulse lag/luminosity and


  A correlation is presented between the pulse lag and the jet-break time for
seven BATSE gamma-ray bursts with known redshifts. This is, to our best
knowledge, the first known direct tight correlation between a property of the
gamma-ray burst phase (the pulse lag) and the afterglow phase (the jet-break
time). As pulse lag and luminosity have been found to be correlated this also
represents a correlation between peak luminosity and jet-break time. Observed
timescales (variability or spectral lags) as well as peak luminosity naturally
have a strong dependence on the Lorentz factor of the outflow and so we propose
that much of the variety among GRBs has a purely kinematic origin (the speed or
direction of the outflow).
  We explore a model in which the variation among GRBs is due to a variation in
jet-opening angles, and find that the narrowest jets have the fastest outflows.
We also explore models in which the jets have similar morphology and size, and
the variation among bursts is caused by variation in viewing angle and/or due
to a velocity profile. The relations between luminosity, variability, spectral
lag and jet-break time can be qualitatively understood from models in which the
Lorentz factor decreases as a function of angle from the jet axis. One expects
to see high luminosities, short pulse lags and high variability as well as an
early jet-break time for bursts viewed on axis, while higher viewing
inclinations will yield lower luminosities, longer pulse lags, smoother bursts
and later jet-break times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98168 </DOCNO>
A new partition identity coming from complex dynamics


  We present a new identity involving compositions (i.e. ordered partitions of
natural numbers). The formula has its origin in complex dynamical systems and
appears when counting, in the polynomial family $\{f_c:z \mapsto z^d + c \}$,
periodic critical orbits with equivalent itineraries. We present two proofs of
the identity; one following the original approach in dynamics and another
coming from the classical theory of partitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148231 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions and bubble nucleations for a phi^6 model in curved


  Condsidering a massive self-interacting phi ^6 scalar field coupled
arbitrarily to a (2+1) dimensional Bianchi type-I spacetime, we evaluate the
one-loop effective potential. It is found that phi ^6 potential can be
regularized in (2+1) dimensional curved spacetime. A finite expression for the
energy-momentum tensor is obtained for this model. Evaluating the finite
temperature effective potential, the temperature dependence of phase
transitions is studied. The crucial dependence of the phase transitions on the
spacetime curvature and on the coupling to gravity are also verified. We also
discuss the nucleation of bubbles in a phi ^6 model. It is found that there
exists an exact solution for the damped motion of the bubble in the thin wall
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114189 </DOCNO>
A Piece of the Lepton Theory from a Probability


  A masses of a leptons deduced from a representation of a probability density
vector by a spinors. A massive W and Z bosons and a massless A boson are
obtained from a transformations for which a density vector is invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149384 </DOCNO>
Boundary Conditions as Mass Generation Mechanism for Real Scalar Fields


  We consider the effects of homogeneous Dirichlet's boundary conditions on two
infinite parallel plane surfaces separated by a small distance {\it a}. We find
that although spontaneous symmetry breaking does not occur for the theory of a
massless, quartically self-interacting real scalar field, the theory becomes a
theory of a massive scalar field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169033 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computation with Qudits in Spin Systems and Harmonic Oscillators


  We show that qudits (higher-dimensional versions of qubits) can be encoded
into spin systems and into harmonic oscillators, yielding important advantages
for quantum computation. Whereas qubit-based quantum computation is adequate
for analyses of quantum vs classical computation, in practice qubits are often
realized in higher-dimensional systems by truncating all but two levels,
thereby reducing the size of the precious Hilbert space. We develop natural
qudit gates for universal quantum computation, and exploit the entire
accessible Hilbert space. Mathematically we give representations of the
generalized Pauli group for qudits in coupled spin systems and harmonic
oscillators, and include analyses of the qubit and the infinite-dimensional
limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124531 </DOCNO>
The spin-down problem in the white dwarf of AE Aquarii: numerical study


  The white dwarf in AE Aqr is observed to spin down at a steady time rate ~
5.64*10^{-14} s s^{-1}, while at the same time its UV and X-ray accretion
luminosities remain almost unchanged. This is a contradiction, however, since
the classicaly estimated spin-down power ~ -10^{34} erg s^{-1} exceeds the
accretion luminosity of the primary by a factor ~ 10^2 and, as a dominating
power, should lead either to observable luminosity changes or to other
detectable effects. This so-called "spin-down problem" can be relaxed under the
assumption that the primary is now in a phase of rapidly decreasing its
differential rotation under constant angular momentum, undergoing a
nonaxisymmetric transition (i.e., turning over its magnetic symmetry axis with
respect to its angular momentum axis and eventually becoming a perpendicular
rotator) from a "differential rotation state" (DRS) to a "rigid rotation state"
(RRS) on a relatively short "nonaxisymmetric DRS-to-RRS transition timescale".
If so, then the estimated spin-down power ~ -3*10^{32} erg s^{-1} becomes
comparable to the observed luminosities and the spin-down problem is
drastically simplified. We present a detailed numerical study of such a
"turn-over scenario", which study mainly points out the fact that an observed
large spin-down time rate does not always imply a large spin-down power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129300 </DOCNO>
X-ray Radiation from the Millisecond Pulsar J0437-4715


  We report on spectral and timing observations of the nearest millisecond
pulsar J0437-4715 with Chandra. The pulsar spectrum, detected up to 7 keV,
cannot be described by a simple one-component model. We suggest that it
consists of two components, a nonthermal power-law spectrum generated in the
pulsar magnetosphere, with a photon index about 2, and a thermal spectrum
emitted by heated polar caps, with a temperature decreasing outwards from 2 MK
to 0.5 MK. The lack of spectral features in the thermal component suggests that
the neutron star surface is covered by a hydrogen (or helium) atmosphere. The
timing analysis shows one X-ray pulse per period, with a pulsed fraction of
about 40% and the peak at the same pulse phase as the radio peak. No
synchrotron pulsar-wind nebula is seen in the X-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2097 </DOCNO>
Large-Distance Behavior of Particle Correlations in the Two-Dimensional


  The model under consideration is a two-dimensional two-component plasma,
i.e., a continuous system of two species of pointlike particles of opposite
charges $\pm 1$, interacting through the logarithmic Coulomb interaction. Using
the exact results for the form-factors of an equivalent Euclidean sine-Gordon
theory, we derive the large-distance behavior of the pair correlation functions
between charged particles. This asymptotic behavior is checked on a few lower
orders of its $\beta$-expansion ($\beta$ is the inverse temperature) around the
Debye-H\"uckel limit $\beta\to 0$, and at the free-fermion point $\beta = 2$ at
which the collapse of positive-negative pairs of charges occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123551 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Search in the Edelweiss Experiment


  Preliminary results obtained with 320g bolometers with simultaneous
ionization and heat measurements are described. After a few weeks of data
taking, data accumulated with one of these detectors are beginning to exclude
the upper part of the DAMA region. Prospects for the present run and the second
stage of the experiment, EDELWEISS-II, using an innovative reversed cryostat
allowing data taking with 100 detectors, are briefly described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2886 </DOCNO>
Point Defects in Hard Sphere Crystals


  We report numerical calculations of the concentration of interstitials in
hard-sphere crystals. We find that, in a three-dimensional fcc hard-sphere
crystal at the melting point, the concentration of interstitials is 2 * 10^-8.
This is some three orders of magnitude lower than the concentration of
vacancies. A simple, analytical estimate yields a value that is in fair
agreement with the numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5062 </DOCNO>
Gyroscopic Classical and Quantum Oscillators interacting with Heat Baths


  We analyze the stability of a gyroscopic oscillator interacting with a
finite- and infinite-dimensional heat bath in both the classical and quantum
cases. We consider a finite gyroscopic oscillator model of a particle in a
magnetic field and examine the stability before and after coupling to a heat
bath. It is shown that if the oscillator is gyroscopically stable, coupling to
a sufficiently massive heat bath induces instability. The meaning of these
ideas in the quantum context is discussed. The model extends the exact
diagonalization analysis of an oscillator and field of Ford, Lewis, and
O'Connell to the gyroscopic setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86605 </DOCNO>
Boost-rotation symmetric vacuum spacetimes with spinning sources


  Boost-rotation symmetric vacuum spacetimes with spinning sources which
correspond to gravitational field of uniformly accelerated spinning "particles"
are studied. Regularity conditions and asymptotic properties are analyzed. News
functions are derived by transforming the general spinning boost-rotation
symmetric vacuum metric to Bondi-Sachs coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73436 </DOCNO>
The Promise of String Cosmology


  The interplay between string theory and cosmology is very promising. Since
string theory will yield a quantum theory of space-time and unify all forces of
nature, it has the potential of addressing many of the conceptual problems of
the current models of early Universe cosmology. In turn, cosmology is the most
obvious testing ground in the effort to construct non-perturbative string
theory, and can provide the crucial connection between theory and
experiment/observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84074 </DOCNO>
Faster Algorithm of String Comparison


  In many applications, it is necessary to determine the string similarity.
Edit distance[WF74] approach is a classic method to determine Field Similarity.
A well known dynamic programming algorithm [GUS97] is used to calculate edit
distance with the time complexity O(nm). (for worst case, average case and even
best case) Instead of continuing with improving the edit distance approach,
[LL+99] adopted a brand new approach-token-based approach. Its new concept of
token-base-retain the original semantic information, good time complex-O(nm)
(for worst, average and best case) and good experimental performance make it a
milestone paper in this area. Further study indicates that there is still room
for improvement of its Field Similarity algorithm. Our paper is to introduce a
package of substring-based new algorithms to determine Field Similarity.
Combined together, our new algorithms not only achieve higher accuracy but also
gain the time complexity O(knm) (k<0.75) for worst case, O(*n) where <6 for
average case and O(1) for best case. Throughout the paper, we use the approach
of comparative examples to show higher accuracy of our algorithms compared to
the one proposed in [LL+99]. Theoretical analysis, concrete examples and
experimental result show that our algorithms can significantly improve the
accuracy and time complexity of the calculation of Field Similarity. [US97] D.
Guseld. Algorithms on Strings, Trees and Sequences, in Computer Science and
Computational Biology. [LL+99] Mong Li Lee, Cleansing data for mining and
warehousing, In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Database
and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA99), pages 751-760,August 1999. [WF74] R.
Wagner and M. Fisher, The String to String Correction Problem, JACM 21 pages
168-173, 1974.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149888 </DOCNO>
The quantum anharmonic oscillator in the Heisenberg picture and multiple


  Multiple scale techniques are well-known in classical mechanics to give
perturbation series free from resonant terms. When applied to the quantum
anharmonic oscillator, these techniques lead to interesting features concerning
the solution of the Heisenberg equations of motion and the Hamiltonian
spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 594 </DOCNO>
Exact T=0 Partition Functions for Potts Antiferromagnets on Sections of


  We present exact solutions for the zero-temperature partition function of the
$q$-state Potts antiferromagnet (equivalently, the chromatic polynomial $P$) on
tube sections of the simple cubic lattice of fixed transverse size $L_x \times
L_y$ and arbitrarily great length $L_z$, for sizes $L_x \times L_y = 2 \times
3$ and $2 \times 4$ and boundary conditions (a) $(FBC_x,FBC_y,FBC_z)$ and (b)
$(PBC_x,FBC_y,FBC_z)$, where $FBC$ ($PBC$) denote free (periodic) boundary
conditions. In the limit of infinite-length, $L_z \to \infty$, we calculate the
resultant ground state degeneracy per site $W$ (= exponent of the ground-state
entropy). Generalizing $q$ from ${\mathbb Z}_+$ to ${\mathbb C}$, we determine
the analytic structure of $W$ and the related singular locus ${\cal B}$ which
is the continuous accumulation set of zeros of the chromatic polynomial. For
the $L_z \to \infty$ limit of a given family of lattice sections, $W$ is
analytic for real $q$ down to a value $q_c$. We determine the values of $q_c$
for the lattice sections considered and address the question of the value of
$q_c$ for a $d$-dimensional Cartesian lattice. Analogous results are presented
for a tube of arbitrarily great length whose transverse cross section is formed
from the complete bipartite graph $K_{m,m}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97925 </DOCNO>
About Algebraic Foundations of Majorana-Oppenheimer Quantum


  An algebraic description of basic physical fields (neutrino field,
electron-positron field and electromagnetic field) is studied. It is sown that
the electromagnetic field can be described within a quotient representation of
the proper orthochronous Lorentz group. The relation of such a description with
Majorana-Oppenheimer quantum electrodynamics and de Broglie-Jordan neutrino
theory of light is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72986 </DOCNO>
A Lattice Study of the Nucleon Excited States with Domain Wall Fermions


  We present results of our numerical calculation of the mass spectrum for
isospin one-half and spin one-half non-strange baryons, i.e. the ground and
excited states of the nucleon, in quenched lattice QCD. We use a new lattice
discretization scheme for fermions, domain wall fermions, which possess almost
exact chiral symmetry at non-zero lattice spacing. We make a systematic
investigation of the negative-parity $N^*$ spectrum by using two distinct
interpolating operators at $\beta=6/g^2=6.0$ on a $16^3 \times 32 \times 16$
lattice. The mass estimates extracted from the two operators are consistent
with each other. The observed large mass splitting between this state,
$N^*(1535)$, and the positive-parity ground state, the nucleon N(939), is well
reproduced by our calculations. We have also calculated the mass of the first
positive-parity excited state and found that it is heavier than the
negative-parity excited state for the quark masses studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126444 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Particles from Shocks Formed in Merging Clusters of Galaxies


  Subcluster interactions within clusters of galaxies produce shocks that
accelerate nonthermal particles. We treat Fermi acceleration of nonthermal
electrons and protons by injecting power-law distributions of particles during
the merger event, subject to constraints on maximum particle energies. The
broadband nonthermal spectrum emitted by accelerated electrons and protons is
calculated during and following the subcluster interaction for a standard
parameter set. The intensity of gamma-ray emission from primary and secondary
processes is calculated and discussed in light of detection capabilities at
radio and gamma-ray energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129309 </DOCNO>
Structure and Physical Conditions in MHD Jets from Young Stars


  We have constructed the foundations to a series of theoretical diagnostic
methods to probe the jet phenomenon in young stars as observed at various
optical forbidden lines. We calculate and model in a self-consistent manner the
physical and radiative processes which arise within an inner disk-wind driven
magnetocentrifugally from the circumstellar accretion disk of a young sun-like
star. Comparing with real data taken at high angular resolution, our approach
will provide the basis of systematic diagnostics for jets and their related
young stellar objects, to attest the emission mechanisms of such phenomena.
This work can help bring first-principle theoretical predictions to confront
actual multi-wavelength observations, and will bridge the link between many
very sophiscated numerical simulations and observational data. Analysis methods
discussed here are immediately applicable to new high-resolution data obtained
with HST and Adaptic Optics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149496 </DOCNO>
Forces between stable non-BPS branes


  As a step toward constructing realistic brane world models in string theory,
we consider the interactions of a pair of non-BPS branes. We construct a dyonic
generalization of the non-BPS branes first constructed by Bergman, Gaberdiel
and Sen as orbifolds of D-branes on $T^4/\BZ_2$. The force between a dyonic
brane and an electric brane is computed and is found to vanish at a nontrivial
critical separation. This equilibrium point is unstable. For smaller
separations the branes coalesce to form a composite dyonic state, while for
larger separations the branes run off to infinity. We suggest generalizations
that will lead to potentials with stable local minima.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148116 </DOCNO>
Exact Thresholds and Instanton Effects in String Theory


  In this lecture we summarize some recent work on the understanding of
instanton effects in string theories with 16 supersymmetries. In particular, we
consider F^4 couplings using the duality between the heterotic string on T^4
and type IIA on K_3 at an orbifold point, as well as higher and lower
dimensional versions of this string-string duality. At the perturbative level a
non-trivial test of the duality, requiring several miraculous identities, is
presented by matching a purely one-loop heterotic amplitude to a purely
tree-level type II result. A wide variety of non-perturbative effects is shown
to occur in this setting, including D-brane instantons for type IIA on K_3 x
S^1 and NS5-brane instantons for type IIA on K_3 x T^2. Moreover, the analysis
of the three-dimensional case, which possesses a non-perturbative SO(8,24,Z)
U-duality, reveals the presence of Kaluza-Klein 5-brane instanton effects, both
on the heterotic and the type II side.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169071 </DOCNO>
From Schr\"odinger's Equation to the Quantum Search Algorithm


  The quantum search algorithm is a technique for searching N possibilities in
only sqrt(N) steps. Although the algorithm itself is widely known, not so well
known is the series of steps that first led to it, these are quite different
from any of the generally known forms of the algorithm. This paper describes
these steps, which start by discretizing Schr\"odinger's equation. This paper
also provides a self-contained introduction to the quantum search algorithm
from a new perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149952 </DOCNO>
On Perturbations of Unitary Minimal Models by Boundary Condition


  In this note we consider boundary perturbations in the A-Series unitary
minimal models by phi_{r,r+2} fields on superpositions of boundaries. In
particular, we consider perturbations by boundary condition changing operators.
Within conformal perturbation theory we explicitly map out the space of
perturbative renormalisation group flows for the example phi_{1,3} and find
that this sheds light on more general phi_{r,r+2} perturbations. Finally, we
find a simple diagrammatic representation for the space of flows from a single
Cardy boundary condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4601 </DOCNO>
Crystal Field and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya Interaction in orbitally ordered


  We present a comprehensive analysis of Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction and
crystal-field parameters using the angular dependence of the paramagnetic
resonance shift and linewidth in single crystals of La_{0.95}Sr_{0.05}MnO_3
within the orthorhombic Jahn-Teller distorted phase. The Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya
interaction (~ 1K) results from the tilting of the MnO_6 octahedra against each
other. The crystal-field parameters D and E are found to be of comparable
magnitude (~ 1K) with D ~= -E. This indicates a strong mixing of the |3z^2-r^2>
and |x^2-y^2> states for the real orbital configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114364 </DOCNO>
Toward a Reliable Gigabit Network - an Upgrade of the Spring-8 Network


  The SPring-8 controls network has maintained accelerator operations in high
reliability and shown good performance during the past years. To cope with the
increase of loads on the network due to faster data acquisition and the
addition of equipment data, networking hardware has been installed in the last
few years. The upgraded network replaces the original FDDI backbone and
switches with mixed FDDI/gigabit ethernet and Layer-3 switches. It is necessary
to keep the double ring topology for the FDDI and introduce link aggregation
technology for the gigabit ethernet to maintain the full redundancy and
bandwidth of the system. This paper will discuss the network performance of the
gigabit ethernet including its latency and redundancy. We also discuss a future
plan for the network including Quality-of-Service over the gigabit ethernet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83984 </DOCNO>
The Floyd-Warshall Algorithm, the AP and the TSP


  We use admissible permutations and a variant of the Floyd-Warshall algorithm
to obtain an optimal solution to the Assignment Problem. Using another variant
of the F-W algorithm, we obtain an approximate solution to the Traveling
Salesman Problem. We also give a sufficient condition for the approximate
solution to be an optimal solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86334 </DOCNO>
The statistic thermodynamical entropy of de Sitter space and it's 1-loop


  From the partition function of canonical ensemble we derive the entropy of
the de Sitter space by anti-Wick rotation. And then from the one-loop bubble
$S^2\times S^2$ created from vacuum fluctuation in de Sitter background space,
we obtain the one-loop quantum correction to the entropy of de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4082 </DOCNO>
Noise-enhanced stability of periodically driven metastable states


  We study the effect of noise-enhanced stability of periodically driven
metastable states in a system described by piecewise linear potential. We find
that the growing of the average escape time with the intensity of the noise is
depending on the initial condition of the system. We analytically obtain the
condition for the noise enhanced stability effect and verify it by numerical
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149203 </DOCNO>
M-Theory Dynamics On A Manifold Of G_2 Holonomy


  We analyze the dynamics of M-theory on a manifold of G_2 holonomy that is
developing a conical singularity. The known cases involve a cone on CP^3, where
we argue that the dynamics involves restoration of a global symmetry,
SU(3)/U(1)^2, where we argue that there are phase transitions among three
possible branches corresponding to three classical spacetimes, and S^3 x S^3
and its quotients, where we recover and extend previous results about smooth
continuations between different spacetimes and relations to four-dimensional
gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98358 </DOCNO>
Generating function polynomials for legendrian links


  It is shown that, in the 1-jet space of the circle, the swapping and the
flyping procedures, which produce topologically equivalent links, can produce
nonequivalent legendrian links. Each component of the links considered is
legendrian isotopic to the 1-jet of the 0-function, and thus cannot be
distinguished by the classical rotation number or Thurston-Bennequin
invariants. The links are distinguished by calculating invariant polynomials
defined via homology groups associated to the links through the theory of
generating functions. The many calculations of these generating function
polynomials support the belief that these polynomials carry the same
information as a refined version of Chekanov's first order polynomials which
are defined via the theory of holomorphic curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129007 </DOCNO>
BATSE Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Tails


  I discuss in this paper the phenomenon of post-burst emission in BATSE
gamma-ray bursts at energies traditionally associated with prompt emission. By
summing the background-subtracted signals from hundreds of bursts, I find that
tails out to hundreds of seconds after the trigger may be a common feature of
long events (duration greater than 2s), and perhaps of the shorter bursts at a
lower and shorter-lived level. The tail component appears independent of both
the duration (within the long GRB sample) and brightness of the prompt burst
emission, and may be softer. Some individual bursts have visible tails at
gamma-ray energies and the spectrum in at least a few cases is different from
that of the prompt emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2910 </DOCNO>
Fragile-to-strong transition and polyamorphism in the energy landscape


  We study the static and dynamic properties of liquid silica over a wide range
of temperature T and density using computer simulations. The results reveal a
change in the potential energy landscape as T decreases that underlies a
transition from a fragile liquid at high T to a strong liquid at low T. We also
show that a specific heat anomaly is associated with this fragile-to-strong
transition, and suggest that this anomaly is related to the polyamorphic
behaviour of amorphous solid silica.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126907 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the Hipparcos Observations of the Extrasolar Planets and the


  We analyzed the Hipparcos astrometric observations of 47 stars that were
discovered to harbor giant planets and 14 stars with brown-dwarf secondary
candidates. The Hipparcos measurements were used together with the
corresponding stellar radial-velocity data to derive an astrometric orbit for
each system. To find out the significance of the derived astrometric orbits we
applied a "permutation" technique by which we analyzed the permuted Hipparcos
data to get false orbits. The size distribution of these false orbits indicated
the range of possibly random, false orbits that could be derived from the true
data. These tests could not find any astrometric orbit of the planet candidates
with significance higher than 99%, suggesting that most if not all orbits are
not real. Instead, we used the Hipparcos data to set upper limits on the masses
of the planet candidates. The lowest derived upper limit is that of 47UMa -
0.014 solar mass, which confirms the planetary nature of its unseen companion.
For 13 other planet candidates the upper limits exclude the stellar nature of
their companions, although brown-dwarf secondaries are still an option. These
negate the idea that all or most of the extrasolar planets are disguised
stellar secondaries. Of the 14 brown-dwarf candidates, our analysis reproduced
the results of Halbwachs et al., who derived significant astrometric orbits for
6 systems which imply secondaries with stellar masses. We show that another
star, HD164427, which was discovered only very recently, also has a secondary
with stellar mass. Our findings support Halbwachs et al. conclusion about the
possible existence of the "brown-dwarf desert" which separates the planets and
the stellar secondaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3719 </DOCNO>
A Fast Semi-Implicit Finite Difference Method for the TDGL Equations


  We propose a finite-difference algorithm for solving the time-dependent
Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation coupled to the appropriate Maxwell equation.
The time derivatives are discretized using a second order semi-implicit scheme
which, for intermediate values of the Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\kappa$,
allows time-steps two orders of magnitude larger than commonly used in explicit
schemes. We demonstrate the use of the method by solving a fully
three-dimensional problem of a current-carrying wire with longitudinal and
transverse magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113510 </DOCNO>
Mathematics of Structure-Function Equations of All Orders


  Exact equations are derived that relate velocity structure functions of
arbitrary order with other statistics. "Exact" means that no approximations are
used except that the Navier-Stokes equation and incompressibility condition are
assumed to be accurate. The exact equations are used to determine the
structure-function equations of all orders for locally homogeneous but
anisotropic turbulence as well as for the locally isotropic case. There
equations can be used for investigating the approach to local homogeneity and
to local isotropy as well as the balance of the equations and identification of
scaling ranges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5944 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear regime of the current instability in a ballistic field effect


  The strongly nonlinear regime of Dyakonov-Shur instability is studied
analytically and by computer simulations. The instability leads to
high-amplitude stationary oscillations caused by shock wave formation in the
FET channel. The numerically found shape and speed of the shock waves are well
described in terms of the conventional hydrodynamics. The amplitude of
stationary oscillations is determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128113 </DOCNO>
An X-ray Selected Galaxy Cluster at z=1.11 in the Rosat Deep Cluster


  We report the discovery of an X-ray luminous galaxy cluster at z =1.11. RDCS
J0910+5422 was selected as an X-ray cluster candidate in the ROSAT Deep Cluster
Survey on the basis of its spatial extent in a Rosat PSPC image. Deep optical
and near-IR imaging reveal a red galaxy overdensity around the peak of the
X-ray emission, with a significant excess of objects with J-K and I-K colors
typical of elliptical galaxies at z ~ 1.0. Spectroscopic observations at the
Keck II telescope secured 9 galaxy redshifts in the range 1.095<z<1.120
yielding a mean cluster redshift of <z>=1.106. Eight of these galaxies lie
within a 30 arcsec radius around the peak X-ray emission. A deep Chandra ACIS
exposure on this field shows extended X-ray morphology and allows the X-ray
spectrum of the intracluster medium to be measured. The cluster has a
bolometric luminosity L_x = 2.48^{+0.33}_{-0.26} x 10^44 ergs/s, a temperature
of kT = 7.2^{+2.2}_{-1.4} keV, and a mass within r = 1 Mpc of 7.0 x 10^14 M_sun
(H_0=65 km/s/Mpc, Omega_m = 0.3, and Lambda = 0.7). The spatial distribution of
the cluster members is elongated, which is not due to an observational
selection effect, and followed by the X-ray morphology. The X-ray surface
brightness profile and the spectrophotometric properties of the cluster members
suggest that this is an example of a massive cluster in an advanced stage of
formation with a hot ICM and an old galaxy population already in place at z >
1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168221 </DOCNO>
Quantum statistics via perturbation effects of preparation procedures


  We study the following problem: Is it possible to explain the quantum
interference of probabilities in the purely corpuscular model for elementary
particles? We demonstrate that (by taking into account perturbation effects of
measurement and preparation procedures) we can obtain $\cos\theta$-perturbation
(interference term) in probabilistic rule connecting preparation procedures for
purely corpuscular objects. On one hand, our investigation demonstrated that
there is nothing special in so called `quantum probabilities': the right choice
of statistical ensembles gives the possibility to escape all `pathologies'. On
the other hand, we found that the standard trigonometric interference of
alternatives (observed, in particular, in quantum mechanics) is not the unique
possibility to extend (disturb) the conventional probabilistic rule for
addition of alternatives. There exist two other probabilistic rules that
connect three preparation procedures: hyperbolic and hyper-trigonometric
interferences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87227 </DOCNO>
Adding Twist to Anisotropic Fluids


  We present a solution generating technique for anisotropic fluids which
preserves specific Killing symmetries. Anisotropic matter distributions that
can be used with the one parameter Ehlers-Geroch transform are discussed.
Example spacetimes that support the appropriate anisotropic stress-energy are
found and the transformation applied. The 3+1 black string solution is one of
the spacetimes with the appropriate matter distribution. Use of the transform
with a black string seed is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3325 </DOCNO>
Ordering of the three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass in magnetic


  Spin and chirality orderings of the three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass
are studied under magnetic fields in light of the recently developed
spin-chirality decoupling-recoupling scenario. It is found by Monte Carlo
simulations that the chiral-glass transition and the chiral-glass ordered
state, which are essentially of the same character as their zero-field
counterparts, occur under magnetic fields. Implication to experimental phase
diagram is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5657 </DOCNO>
Two different scaling regimes in Ginzburg-Landau model with Chern-Simons


  The Ginzburg-Landau model with a Chern-Simons term is shown to possess two
different scaling regimes depending on whether the mass of the scalar field is
zero or not. In contrast to pure $\phi^4$ theories, the Ginzburg-Landau model
with a topologically generated mass exhibits quite different properties in
perturbation theory. Our analysis suggests that the two scalings could coincide
at a non-perturbative level. This view is supported by a 1/N-expansion in the
massive scalar field regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83787 </DOCNO>
Scalable Unix Commands for Parallel Processors: A High-Performance


  We describe a family of MPI applications we call the Parallel Unix Commands.
These commands are natural parallel versions of common Unix user commands such
as ls, ps, and find, together with a few similar commands particular to the
parallel environment. We describe the design and implementation of these
programs and present some performance results on a 256-node Linux cluster. The
Parallel Unix Commands are open source and freely available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127007 </DOCNO>
ASCA Observations of the Thermal Composite Supernova Remnant 3C 391


  We present the results from ASCA observations of the centrally enhanced
supernova remnant 3C 391 (G31.9+0.0). We use the ASCA SIS data to carry out an
investigation of the spatial and spectral properties of the X-ray emission from
this remnant. The collisional equilibrium ionization and non-equilibrium
ionization spectral fits indicate that the hot gas within the remnant has
basically reached ionization equilibrium. The variation of the hydrogen column
density across the remnant is in agreement with the presence of a molecular
cloud to the northwest. The comparisons of hydrogen column and X-ray hardness
between the NW and SE portions of the remnant support a scenario in which the
SNR has broken out of a dense region into an adjacent region of lower density.
The mean density within the SNR is observed to be much lower than the immediate
ambient cloud density. This and the centrally brightened X-ray morphology can
be explained either by the evaporation of engulfed cloudlets or by a radiative
stage of evolution for the remnant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127163 </DOCNO>
Are the hotspots of radio galaxies the sites of in-situ acceleration of


  Using a large set of optically detected hotspots in powerful extragalactic
double radio sources, we examine the basic question of whether the detection of
optical synchrotron radiation requires in-situ acceleration of relativistic
electrons within the hotspots/lobes. For this, we take into account the jet's
bulk relativistic motion, as well as its likely misalignment from the plane of
the sky. Together, both these factors can drastically reduce the apparent range
of the ultra-relativistic electrons ejected from the nucleus in the form of a
jet. The conventionally adopted parameter space for the fundamental variables,
namely, the hotspot magnetic field, radio source orientation angle relative to
the line-of-sight and the bulk speed of the jet plasma, is considered. We find
that the observed optical/near-IR synchrotron emission of the hotspots can be
explained even if the radiating relativistic electrons were accelerated
exclusively within the nuclear region, provided the energy losses incurred by
the electrons during their transport down the jet are dominated by inverse
Compton upscatterings of the cosmic microwave background photons. Under this
circumstance, in-situ acceleration of relativistic electrons inside the
hotspots or lobes is not found to be mandated by their reported
optical/near-infrared detections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179443 </DOCNO>
Many-body Theory at Extreme Isospin


  The structure of nuclei far off beta-stability is investigated by nuclear
many-body theory. In-medium interactions for asymmetric nuclear matter are
obtained by (Dirac-) Brueckner theory thus establishing the link of nuclear
forces to free space interactions. HFB and RPA theory is used to describe
ground and excited states of nuclei from light to heavy masses. In extreme
dripline systems pairing and core polarization are found to be most important
for the binding, especially of halo nuclei. The calculations show that far off
stability mean-field dynamics is gradually replaced by dynamical correlations,
giving rise to the dissolution of shell structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128241 </DOCNO>
Low-Frequency Radio Transients in the Galactic Center


  We report the detection of a new radio transient source, GCRT J1746-2757,
located only 1.1 degrees north of the Galactic center. Consistent with other
radio transients toward the Galactic center, this source brightened and faded
on a time scale of a few months. No X-ray counterpart was detected. We also
report new 0.33 GHz measurements of the radio counterpart to the X-ray
transient source, XTE J1748-288, previously detected and monitored at higher
radio frequencies. We show that the spectrum of XTE J1748-288 steepened
considerably during a period of a few months after its peak. We also discuss
the need for a more efficient means of finding additional radio transients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148349 </DOCNO>
An exact RG formulation of quantum gauge theory


  A gauge invariant Wilsonian effective action is constructed for pure SU(N)
Yang-Mills theory by formulating the corresponding flow equation. Manifestly
gauge invariant calculations can be performed i.e. without gauge fixing or
ghosts. Regularisation is implemented in a novel way which realises a
spontaneously broken SU(N|N) supergauge theory. As an example we sketch the
computation of the one-loop beta function, performed for the first time without
any gauge fixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74063 </DOCNO>
Resolved Photon Contributions to Higgs Boson Production in gamma gamma


  We study Higgs boson production in gamma gamma collisions that proceeds via
the hadronic content of the photon. These processes complement previous studies
of pair and single Higgs production at e^+e^- colliders. For SM Higgs masses of
current theoretical interest, the resolved photon contributions are
non-negligible in precision cross section measurements. Charged Higgs cross
sections are not competitive with the gamma gamma to H^+ H^- process and at
best might offer some information about quark-Higgs couplings. Finally,
resolved photon production of the heavier Higgs bosons, H^0 and A^0, of the
MSSM can probe regions of the SUSY parameter space that will complement other
measurements. This process shows some promise in SUSY Higgs searches and
warrants further study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6838 </DOCNO>
Interface roughness and planar doping in superlattices: weak


  We examine the effects of interface roughness and/or planar impurity doping
in a superlattice, in the frame of a weak disorder description. We find that
these two types of disorder are equivalent, and that they can be viewed as
effective "bulk" disorder, with anisotropic diffusion coefficients. Our results
offer quantitative insight to transport properties of multilayers and devices,
which contain inadvertently structural disorder at the interfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6923 </DOCNO>
The Stress Tensor in Quenched Random Systems


  The talk describes recent progress in understanding the behaviour of the
stress tensor and its correlation functions at a critical point of a generic
quenched random system. The topics covered include:(i) the stress tensor in
random systems considered as deformed pure systems; (ii) correlators of the
stress tensor at a random fixed point: expectations from the replica approach
and c-theorem sum rules; (iii) partition function on a torus; (iv) how the
stress tensor enters into correlation functions: subtleties with Kac operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84044 </DOCNO>
Hypotheses Founded Semantics of Logic Programs for Information


  We address the problem of integrating information coming from different
sources. The information consists of facts that a central server collects and
tries to combine using (a) a set of logical rules, i.e. a logic program, and
(b) a hypothesis representing the server's own estimates. In such a setting
incomplete information from a source or contradictory information from
different sources necessitate the use of many-valued logics in which programs
can be evaluated and hypotheses can be tested. To carry out such activities we
propose a formal framework based on bilattices such as Belnap's four-valued
logics. In this framework we work with the class of programs defined by Fitting
and we develop a theory for information integration.
 We also establish an intuitively appealing connection between our hypothesis
testing mechanism on the one hand, and the well-founded semantics and
Kripke-Kleene semantics of Datalog programs with negation, on the other hand.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4994 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle spectrum of d-wave superconductors in the mixed state: a


  The quasiparticle spectrum of a two-dimensional d-wave superconductor in the
mixed state, H_c1 << H << H_c2, is studied for large values of the ``anisotropy
ratio'' alpha_D = v_F/v_Delta. For a square vortex lattice rotated by 45
degrees from the quasiparticle anisotropy axes (and the usual choice of
Franz--Tesanovic singular gauge transformation) we determine essential features
of the band structure asymptotically for large alpha_D, using an effective
one-dimensional model, and compare them to numerical calculations. We find that
several features of the band structure decay to zero exponentially fast for
large alpha_D. Using a different choice of singular gauge transformation, we
obtain a different band structure, but still find qualitative agreement between
the 1D and full 2D calculations. Finally, we distort the square lattice into a
non-Bravais lattice. Both the one- and two-dimensional numerical calculations
of the energy spectra show a gap around zero-energy, with our gauge choice, and
the two excitation spectra agree reasonably well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2075 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear ac response of anisotropic composites


  When a suspension consisting of dielectric particles having nonlinear
characteristics is subjected to a sinusoidal (ac) field, the electrical
response will in general consist of ac fields at frequencies of the
higher-order harmonics. These ac responses will also be anisotropic. In this
work, a self-consistent formalism has been employed to compute the induced
dipole moment for suspensions in which the suspended particles have nonlinear
characteristics, in an attempt to investigate the anisotropy in the ac
response. The results showed that the harmonics of the induced dipole moment
and the local electric field are both increased as the anisotropy increases for
the longitudinal field case, while the harmonics are decreased as the
anisotropy increases for the transverse field case. These results are
qualitatively understood with the spectral representation. Thus, by measuring
the ac responses both parallel and perpendicular to the uniaxial anisotropic
axis of the field-induced structures, it is possible to perform a real-time
monitoring of the field-induced aggregation process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5935 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic control and dynamical regimes in protein folding


  Monte Carlo simulations of a simple lattice model of protein folding show two
distinct regimes depending on the chain length. The first regime well describes
the folding of small protein sequences and its kinetic counterpart appears to
be single exponential in nature, while the second regime is typical of
sequences longer than 80 amino acids and the folding performance achievable is
sensitive to target conformation. The extent to which stability, as measured by
the energy of a sequence in the target, is an essential requirement and affects
the folding dynamics of protein molecules in the first regime is investigated.
The folding dynamics of sequences whose design stage was restricted to a
certain fraction of randomly selected amino acids shows that while some degree
of stability is a necessary and sufficient condition for successful folding,
designing sequences that provide the lowest energy in the target seems to be a
superfluous constraint. By studying the dynamics of under annealed but
otherwise freely designed sequences we explore the relation between stability
and kinetic accessibility. We find that there is no one-to-one correspondence
between having low energy and folding quickly to the target, as only a small
fraction of the most stable sequences were also found to fold relatively
quickly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2245 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial nature of ground state vector of O(1) loop model


  Hanging about a hypothetical connections between the ground state vector for
some special spin systems and the alternating-sign matrices, we have found a
numerical evidence for the fact that the numbers of the states of the fully
packed loop model with fixed link-patterns coincide with the components of the
ground state vector of the dense O$(1)$ loop model considered by Batchelor, de
Gier and Nienhuis. Our conjecture generalizes in a sense the conjecture of
Bosley and Fidkowski, refined by Cohn and Propp, and proved by Wieland.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3212 </DOCNO>
Multistability and Critical Fluctuation in a Split Bose-Einstein


  By using a two-mode description, we show that there exist the multistability,
phase transition and associated critical fluctuations in the macroscopic
tunneling process between the halves of a double-well trap containing a
Bose-Einstein condenstate. The phase transition that two of the triple stable
states and a unstable state merge into one stable state or a reverse process
takes place whenever the ratio of the mean field energy per particle to the
tunneling energy goes across a critical value of order one. The critical
fluctuation phenomenon corresponds to squeezed states for the phase difference
between the two wells accompanying with large fluctuations of atom numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86431 </DOCNO>
Self-existing objects and auto-generated information in


  Closed time-like curves naturally appear in a variety of chronology-violating
space-times. In these space-times, the Principle of Self-Consistency demands an
harmony between local and global affairs that excludes grandfather-like
paradoxes. However, self-existing objects trapped in CTCs are not seemingly
avoided by the standard interpretation of this principle, usually constrained
to a dynamical framework. In this paper we discuss whether we are committed to
accept an ontology with self-existing objects if CTCs actually occur in the
universe. In addition, the epistemological status of the Principle of
Self-Consistency is analyzed and a discussion on the information flux through
CTCs is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123678 </DOCNO>
Optical and Infrared Photometry of the Micro-Quasar GRO J1655-40 in


  We present BVIJK photometry of the black-hole candidate GRO J1655-40 in full
quiescence. We report a refined orbital period of 2.62191 +/- 0.00020 days. The
light curves are dominated by ellipsoidal variations from the secondary star.
We model the light curves with an upgraded code which includes a more accurate
treatment of limb darkening. Previous models containing a large cool disk are
ruled out, and indeed our data can be fit with a pure ellipsoidal light curve
without any disk contribution. In general agreement with previous results, we
derive a confidence region of the correlated quantities of inclination and mass
ratio, centered on an inclination of 70.2 +/ 1.9 degrees, and mass ratio 2.6
+/- 0.3, resulting in a primary mass M = 6.3 +/- 0.5 Mo (all 95% confidence).
The complex limits and errors on these values, and on the possible disk
contribution to the light curve, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1169 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Annealed Systems under External Fields: CTRW and the


  We consider the linear response of a system modelled by continuous-time
random walks (CTRW) to an external field pulse of rectangular shape. We
calculate the corresponding response function explicitely and show that it
exhibits aging, i.e. that it is not translationally invariant in the
time-domain. This result differs from that of systems which behave according to
fractional Fokker-Planck equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149956 </DOCNO>
Closed String Tachyon Condensation on Twisted Circles


  We study IIA/B string theory compactified on twisted circles. These models
possess closed string tachyons and reduce to type 0B/A theory in a special
limit. Using methods of gauged linear sigma models and mirror symmetry we
construct a conformal field theory which interpolates between these models and
flat space via an auxiliary Liouville direction. Interpreting motion in the
Liouville direction as renormalization group flow, we argue that the end point
of tachyon condensation in all these models (including 0B/A theory) is
supersymmetric type II theory. We also find a zero-slope limit of these models
which is best described in a T-dual picture as a type II NS-NS fluxbrane. In
this limit tachyon condensation is an interesting and well posed problem in
supergravity. We explicitly determine the tachyon as a fluctuation of
supergravity fields, and perform a rudimentary numerical analysis of the
relevant flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2476 </DOCNO>
Evidence of Two Distinct Dynamic Critical Exponents in Connection with


  The dynamic critical exponent $z$ is determined from numerical simulations
for the three-dimensional (3D) lattice Coulomb gas (LCG) and the 3D XY models
with relaxational dynamics. It is suggested that the dynamics is characterized
by two distinct dynamic critical indices $z_0$ and $z$ related to the
divergence of the relaxation time $\tau$ by $\tau\propto \xi^{z_0}$ and
$\tau\propto k^{-z}$, where $\xi$ is the correlation length and $k$ the
wavevector. The values determined are $z_0\approx 1.5$ and $z\approx 1$ for the
3D LCG and $z_0\approx 1.5$ and $z\approx 2$ for the 3D XY model. It is argued
that the nonlinear $IV$ exponent relates to $z_0$, whereas the usual
Hohenberg-Halperin classification relates to $z$. Possible implications for the
interpretation of experiments are pointed out. Comparisons with other existing
results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7278 </DOCNO>
Orbital Magnetism in the Cuprates


  The pseudogap phase of the cuprate superconductors is argued to be
characterized by a hidden broken symmetry of d-wave character in the
particle-hole channel that leads to staggered orbital magnetism. This proposal
has many striking phenomenological consequences, but the most direct signature
of this order should be visible in the neutron scattering experiments. The
theoretical underpinning of these experiments is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148273 </DOCNO>
Dilaton tadpoles and mass in warped models


  We review the brane world sum rules of Gibbons at al for compact five
dimensional warped models with identical four-geometries and bulk dynamics
involving scalar fields with generic potential. We show that the absence of
dilaton tadpoles in the action functional of the theory is linked to one of
these sum rules. Moreover, we calculate the dilaton mass term and derive the
condition that is necessary for stabilizing the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168995 </DOCNO>
About Some Problems Raised by the Relativistic Form of De-Broglie--Bohm


  The standard relativistic de-Broglie--Bohm theory has the problems of
tacyonic solutions and the incorrect non-relativistic limit. In this paper we
obtain a relativistic theory, not decomposing the relativistic wave equations
but looking for a generalization of non-relativistic Bohmian theory in such a
way that the correct non-relativistic limit emerges. In this way we are able
to construct a relativistic de-Broglie--Bohm theory both for a single particle
and for a many-particle system. At the end, the theory is extended to the
curved space-time and the connection with quantum gravity is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99260 </DOCNO>
Locally Trivial Quantum Hopf Fibration


  The irreducible *-representations of the polynomial algebra $O(S^3_{pq})$ of
the quantum 3-sphere introduced by Calow and Matthes are classified. The
K-groups of its universal C*-algebra are shown to coincide with their classical
counterparts. The U(1)-action on $O(S^3_{pq})$ corresponding to the classical
Hopf fibration is proven to be a Galois action. The thus obtained Hopf-Galois
extension is shown to be relatively projective (admitting a strong connection)
for any $p,q\in(0,1)$, and non-cleft at least in the symmetric case p=q. The
latter is obtained by computing an appropriate Chern-Connes pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6612 </DOCNO>
Williams and Bjerknes model with growth limitation


  Williams and Bjerknes proposed a simple stochastic growth model to describe
the tumor growth in the basal layer of an epithelium. In this work we
generalize this model by including the possibility of saturation in the tumor
growth as it is clinically observed. The time evolution of the average number
of tumor cells and its variance for both the original and extended models are
studied by analytical methods and numerical simulations. The generated growth
patterns can be compact, connected or disconnected depending on the model
parameters used, and their geometrical properties are characterized through the
gyration radius, the number of interfacial cells and the density of empty sites
inside the patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129705 </DOCNO>
Maximum-entropy weak lens reconstruction: improved methods and


  We develop the maximum-entropy weak shear mass reconstruction method
presented in earlier papers by taking each background galaxy image shape as an
independent estimator of the reduced shear field and incorporating an intrinsic
smoothness into the reconstruction. The characteristic length scale of this
smoothing is determined by Bayesian methods. Within this algorithm the
uncertainties due to the intrinsic distribution of galaxy shapes are carried
through to the final mass reconstruction, and the mass within arbitrarily
shaped apertures can be calculated with corresponding uncertainties. We apply
this method to two clusters taken from N-body simulations using mock
observations corresponding to Keck LRIS and mosaiced HST WFPC2 fields. We
demonstrate that the Bayesian choice of smoothing length is sensible and that
masses within apertures (including one on a filamentary structure) are
reliable. We apply the method to data taken on the cluster MS1054-03 using the
Keck LRIS (Clowe et al. 2000) and HST (Hoekstra et al. 2000), finding results
in agreement with this previous work; we also present reconstructions with
optimal smoothing lengths, and mass estimates which do not rely on any
assumptions of circular symmetry. The code used in this work (LensEnt2) is
available from http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/projects/lensent

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97513 </DOCNO>
On the limit of some Toeplitz-like determinants


  In this article we derive, using standard methods of Toeplitz theory, an
asymptotic formula for certain large minors of Toeplitz matrices. D. Bump and
P. Diaconis obtained the same asymptotics using representation theory, with an
answer having a different form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76093 </DOCNO>
Chiral Extrapolation: An Analogy with Effective Field Theory


  We draw an analogy between the chiral extrapolation of lattice QCD
calculations from large to small quark masses and the interpolation between the
large mass (weak field) and small mass (strong field) limits of the
Euler--Heisenberg QED effective action. In the latter case, where the exact
answer is known, a simple extrapolation of a form analogous to those proposed
for the QCD applications is shown to be surprisingly accurate over the entire
parameter range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 248 </DOCNO>
Superconducting zero temperature phase transition in two dimensions and


  We derive the Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson theory for the superconducting phase
transition in two dimensions and in the magnetic field. Without disorder the
theory describes a fluctuation induced first-order quantum phase transition
into the Abrikosov lattice. We propose a phenomenological criterion for
determining the transition field and discuss the qualitative effects of
disorder. Comparison with recent experiments on MoGe films is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75424 </DOCNO>
Effects and influences on neutrino oscillations due to a thin density


  In this paper, we show the effects on the transition probabilities for
neutrino oscillations due to a thin constant density layer perturbation added
to an arbitrary matter density profile. In the case of two neutrino flavors, we
calculate the effects both analytically and numerically, whereas in the case of
three neutrino flavors, we perform the studies purely numerically. As an
realistic example we consider the effects of the Earth's atmosphere when added
to the Earth's matter density profile on the neutrino oscillation transition
probabilities for atmospheric neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4409 </DOCNO>
Interplay between Spin and Phonon Fluctuations in the double-exchange


  We present exact solutions, mainly analytical, for the two-site
double-exchange-Holstein model, that allow us to draw a complete picture of the
role of both phonon and spin quantum fluctuations in determining the
short-range correlations in the manganites. We provide analytical solutions of
the model for arbitrary electron-phonon coupling and phonon frequency, for
$S=1/2$ and for the classical spin limit $S=\infty$, and compare these results
with numerical diagonalization of the realistic $S=3/2$ case. The comparison
reveals that the realistic case $S=3/2$ is not well described by the classical
spin limit, which is often used in literature. On the other hand, the phonon
fluctuations, parametrized by the phonon frequency $\omega_0$, stabilize
ferromagnetic phases with respect to the adiabatic limit. We also provide a
complete analysis on the polaron crossover in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3007 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic fluctuations of a liquid with anisotropic molecules


  A general theory of hydrodynamic fluctuations of a liquid with anisotropic
molecules, in the presence of steady simple shear, has been proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6900 </DOCNO>
Local Simulation Algorithms for Coulomb Interaction


  Long ranged electrostatic interactions are time consuming to calculate in
molecular dynamics and Monte-Carlo simulations. We introduce an algorithm for
simulating charged particles which modifies the dynamics so as to allow
equilibration using a local Hamiltonian. The method introduces an auxiliary
field with constrained dynamics so that the equilibrium distribution is
determined by the Coulomb interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126889 </DOCNO>
Constrained Simulations of the Real Universe: the Local Supercluster


  We present cosmological simulations which closely mimic the real Universe
within 100Mpc of the Local Group. The simulations, called Constrained
Simulations, reproduce the large-scale density field with major nearby
structures, including the Local Group, the Coma and Virgo clusters, the Great
Attractor, the Perseus-Pices, and the Local Supercluster, in approximately
correct locations. The MARK III survey of peculiar velocities of the observed
structures inside 80Mpc/h sphere is used to constrain the initial conditions.
Fourier modes on scales larger then 5Mpc/h are dominated by the constraints,
while small scale waves are random. The main aim of this paper is the structure
of the Local Supercluster (LSC; 30Mpc/h around the Virgo cluster) and the Local
Group environment. We find that at the current epoch most of the mass
(7.5e14Msun/h) of the LSC is located in a filament roughly centered on the
Virgo cluster and extending over 40Mpc/h. The simulated Local Group (LG) is
located in an adjacent smaller filament, which is not a part of the main body
of the LSC, and has a peculiar velocity of 250kms toward the Virgo cluster. The
peculiar velocity field in the LSC region is complicated and is drastically
different from the field assumed in the Virgocentric infall models. The
peculiar velocity flow in the vicinity of the LG in the simulation is ``cold'':
the peculiar line-of-sight velocity dispersion within 7Mpc/h of the LG is less
than 60km/s, comparable to the observed velocity dispersion of nearby galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6948 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Nonclassical Smoothening of Nanoscale Surface Corrugations"


  It is shown that the experimentally observed inverse linear decay of surface
corrugations in Si(001) (Erlebacher et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5800 (2000))
is due to the two dimensional nature of the surface in the experimental system.
The theory of one dimensional surface relaxation predicts in this case an
exponential decay, contrary to claims by Ozdemir and Zangwill (Phys. Rev. B 42,
5013 (1990).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3784 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric diffusion and the energy gap above the 111 ground state of


  We consider the anisotropic three dimensional XXZ Heisenberg ferromagnet in a
cylinder with axis along the 111 direction and boundary conditions that induce
ground states describing an interface orthogonal to the cylinder axis. Let $L$
be the linear size of the basis of the cylinder. Because of the breaking of the
continuous symmetry around the $\hat z$ axis, the Goldstone theorem implies
that the spectral gap above such ground states must tend to zero as $L\to
\infty$. In \cite{BCNS} it was proved that, by perturbing in a sub--cylinder
with basis of linear size $R\ll L$ the interface ground state, it is possible
to construct excited states whose energy gap shrinks as $R^{-2}$. Here we prove
that, uniformly in the height of the cylinder and in the location of the
interface, the energy gap above the interface ground state is bounded from
below by $\text{const.}L^{-2}$. We prove the result by first mapping the
problem into an asymmetric simple exclusion process on $\Z^3$ and then by
adapting to the latter the recursive analysis to estimate from below the
spectral gap of the associated Markov generator developed in \cite{CancMart}.
Along the way we improve some bounds on the equivalence of ensembles already
discussed in \cite{BCNS} and we establish an upper bound on the density of
states close to the bottom of the spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124775 </DOCNO>
Near infrared spectroscopy of starburst galaxies


  (Abridged) We present new K-band spectroscopy for a sample of 48 starburst
galaxies, obtained using UKIRT in Hawaii. This constitutes a fair sample of the
most common types of starburst galaxies found in the nearby Universe. The
variety of near infrared spectral features shown by these galaxies implies
different bursts characteristics, which suggests that we survey galaxies with
different star formation histories or at different stages of their burst
evolution.
  Using synthetic starburst models, we conclude that the best ensemble of
parameters which describe starburst galaxies in the nearby universe are a
constant rate of star formation, a Salpeter IMF with an upper mass cutoff equal
to 30 solar mass and bursts ages between 10 Myr and 1 Gyr. The model is fully
consistent with the differences observed in the optical and FIR between the
different types of starbursts. It suggests that HII galaxies have younger
bursts and lower metallicities than SBNGs, while LIRGs have younger bursts but
higher metallicities.
  Our observations suggest that the starburst phenomenon must be a sustained or
self--sustained phenomenon: either star formation is continuous in time or
multiple bursts happen in sequence over a relatively long period of time. The
generality of our observations implies that this is a characteristic of
starburst galaxies in the nearby Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97308 </DOCNO>
Existence of Gibbs measures relative to Brownian motion


  We prove existence of infinite volume Gibbs measures relative to Brownian
motion. We require the pair potential W to fulfill a uniform integrability
condition, but otherwise our restrictions on the potentials are relatively
weak. In particular, our results are applicable to the massless Nelson model.
We also prove an upper bound for path fluctuations under the infinite volume
Gibbs measures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76924 </DOCNO>
Second order perturbations in the radius stabilized Randall-Sundrum two


  The nonlinear gravitational interaction is investigated in the
Randall-Sundrum two branes model with the radius stabilization mechanism. As
the stabilization model, we assume a single scalar field which has the
potential in the bulk and the potential on each brane. We develop the
formulation of the second order gravitational perturbations under the
assumption of the static and axial-symmetric 5-dimensional metric that is
spherically symmetric in the 4-dimensional sense. After deriving the formal
solutions for the perturbations, we discuss the gravity on each brane induced
by the matter on its own side, taking the limit of the large coupling of the
scalar field interaction term on the branes. We show using the Goldberger-Wise
stabilization model that the 4-dimensional Einstein gravity is approximately
recovered in the second order perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128697 </DOCNO>
Lithium Depletion in Pre-Mainsequence Solar-Like Stars


  We examine the internal structure of solar-like stars in detail between 0.8
and 1.4M Sun and during pre-main sequence phase. Recent opacity computations of
OPAL along with a new hydrodynamical mixing process have been considered. We
also introduce up-to-date nuclear reaction rates and explore the impact of
accretion, mixing-length parameter, non-solar distributions among metals and
realistic rotation history. We compare models predictions of lithium depletion
to the $^7Li$ content observations of the Sun and to 4 young clusters of
different metallicities and ages. We show that we can distinguish two phases in
lithium depletion: 1- a rapid nuclear destruction in the T-Tauri phase before
20 Myrs : this is independent of the mass used within our range but largely
dependent on the extension and temperature of the convective zone, 2- a second
phase where the destruction is slow and moderate and which is largely dependent
on the (magneto)hydrodynamic instability located at the base of the convective
zone.
  In terms of composition, we show the interest on considering helium and
especially the mixture of heavy elements : carbon, oxygen, silicium and iron.
We outline the importance of O/Fe ratio. We note a reasonable agreement on
lithium depletion for the two best known cases, the Sun and the Hyades cluster
for solar-like stars. Other clusters suggest that processes which may partly
inhibit the predicted premainsequence depletion cannot be excluded, in
particular for stars below ~ 0.9M Sun. Finally we suggest different research
areas such as initial stellar models and more realistic atmospheres which could
contribute to a better understanding of this early phase of evolution and which
should become the object of subsequent research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149898 </DOCNO>
A note on the improvement ambiguity of the stress tensor and the


  I study various properties of the critical limits of correlators containing
insertions of conserved and anomalous currents. In particular, I show that the
improvement term of the stress tensor can be fixed unambiguously, studying the
RG interpolation between the UV and IR limits. The removal of the improvement
ambiguity is encoded in a variational principle, which makes use of sum rules
for the trace anomalies a and a'. Compatible results follow from the analysis
of the RG equations. I perform a number of self-consistency checks and discuss
the issues in a large set of theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95452 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Descartes circle theorem


  The Descartes circle theorem states that if four circles are mutually tangent
with disjoint intersion, then their curvatures (or "bends) b_j = 1/r_j satisfy
the relation (b_1 + b_2 + b_3 + b_4)^2 = 2(b_1^2 + b_2^2 + b_3^2 + b_4^2). We
show that similar relations hold involving the centers of the circles in such a
configuration, coordinatized as complex numbers, yielding a complex Descartes
theorem. These relations have matrix generalizations to the n-dimensional case,
in each of Euclidean, spherical and hyperbolic geometries, and they include a
Descartes circle theorem for spherical and hyperbolic space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125474 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Flows: A Status Report


  We give a brief review of recent developments in the study of the large-scale
velocity field of galaxies since the international workshop on Cosmic Flows
held in July 1999 in Victoria, B.C. Peculiar velocities (PVs) yield a tight and
unique constraint on cosmological characteristics, independent of Lambda and
biasing, such as the cosmological matter density parameter Omega_m and the
convergence of bulk flows on large scales. Significant progress towards
incorporating non-linear dynamics and improvements of velocity field
reconstruction techniques have led to a rigorous control of errors and much
refined cosmic flow analyses. Current investigations favor low-amplitude (< 250
km/s) bulk flows on the largest scales (< ~100 Mpc/h) probed reliably by
existing redshift-distance surveys, consistent with favored LambdaCDM
cosmogonies. Tidal field analyses also suggest that the Shapley Concentration,
located behind the Great Attractor (GA), might play an important dynamical
role, even at the Local Group. Low-amplitude density fluctuations on very large
scales generate the overall large-scale streaming motions while massive
attractors like the GA, and Perseus-Pisces account for smaller scale motions
which are superposed on the large-scale flow. Likelihood analyses of galaxy
PVs, in the framework of flat CDM cosmology, now provide tight constraints of
Omega_m = 0.35 +/- 0.05. A four-fold size increase of our data base is expected
in the next 4-5 years with the completion of next generation FP/TF surveys and
automated supernovae searches within 20,000 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97532 </DOCNO>
Hyperelliptic Loop Solitons with Genus g: Investigations of a Quantized


  In the previous work (J. Geom. Phys. {\bf{39}} (2001) 50-61), the closed loop
solitons in a plane, \it i.e., loops whose curvatures obey the modified
Korteweg-de Vries equations, were investigated for the case related to
algebraic curves with genera one and two. This article is a generalization of
the previous article to those of hyperelliptic curves with general genera. It
was proved that the tangential angle of loop soliton is expressed by the
Weierstrass hyperelliptic al function for a given hyperelliptic curve $y^2 =
f(x)$ with genus $g$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81303 </DOCNO>
Static three- and four-quark potentials


  We present results for the static three- and four-quark potentials in SU(3)
and SU(4) respectively. Using a variational approach, combined with multi-hit
for the time-like links, we determine the ground state of the baryonic string
with sufficient accuracy to test the $Y-$ and $\Delta-$ ans\"atze for the
baryonic Wilson area law. Our results favor the $\Delta$ ansatz, where the
potential is the sum of two-body terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73401 </DOCNO>
Gauge singlet renormalisation in softly-broken supersymmetric theories


  We consider the renormalisation of a softly-broken supersymmetric theory with
singlet fields and a superpotential with a linear term. We show that there
exist exact beta-functions for both the linear term in the superpotential and
the associated linear term in the Lagrangian. We also construct exact
renormalisation group invariant trajectories for these terms, corresponding to
the conformal anomaly solution for the soft masses and couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86126 </DOCNO>
An alternative to Minkowski space-time


  The starting point of this work is the principle that all movement of
particles and photons must follow geodesics of a 4-dimensional space where time
intervals are always a measure on geodesic arc lengths. The last 3 coordinates
(alpha = 1,2,3) are immediately associated with the usual physical space
coordinates, while the first coordinate (\alpha=0) is later found to be related
to proper time. Avoiding the virtually hopeless effort to prove the initial
hypothesis, the work goes through several examples of increasing complexity, to
show that it is plausible. Starting with special relativity it is shown that
there is perfect mapping between the geodesics on Minkowski space-time and on
this alternative space. The discussion than follows through light propagation
in a refractive medium, and some cases of gravitation, including
Schwartzschild's outer metric. The last part of the presentation is dedicated
to electromagnetic interaction and Maxwell's equations, showing that there is a
particular solution where one of the space dimensions is eliminated and the
geodesics become equivalent to light rays in geometrical optics. A very brief
discussion is made of the implications for wave-particle duality and
quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83836 </DOCNO>
Internet Radio: A New Engine for Content Diversity?


  While traditional radio stations are subject to extensive government
regulations, Internet radio stations remain largely unregulated. As Internet
radio usage has increased certain stakeholders have begun to argue that these
Internet radio broadcasters are providing significant and diverse programming
to American audiences and that government regulation of spectrum-using radio
station ownership may be further relaxed.
  One of the primary justifications for regulation of ownership has been to
protect diversity in broadcasting. This study hypothesizes that Internet radio
broadcasting does add diversity to the radio broadcasting industry and that it
should be considered as relevant by regulators.
  This study evaluates the role of Internet radio broadcasters according to
five criteria intended to gauge the level of diversity being delivered to
listeners online. By measuring the levels of format, channel, ownership,
location and language diversity among Internet radio stations, it is possible
to draw benchmark lessons about the new medium's ability to provide Americans
with diverse broadcasting options.
  The study finds that Internet radio broadcasters are in fact adding
measurable diversity to the radio broadcasting industry. Internet broadcasters
are providing audiences with access to an increasing number of stations,
owners, formats, and language choices, and it is likely that technologies
aiding in the mobility of access as well as broadband evolution will reinforce
these findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3178 </DOCNO>
Orientation of the Stripe Formed by the Two-Dimensional Electrons in


  Effect of periodic potential on the stripe phase realized in the higher
Landau levels is investigated by the Hartree-Fock approximation. The period of
the potential is chosen to be two to six times of the fundamental period of the
stripe phase. It is found that the stripe aligns perpendicularly to the
external potential in contrast to a naive expectation and hydrodynamic theory.
Charge modulation towards the Wigner crystallization along the stripe is
essential for the present unexpected new result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125231 </DOCNO>
Echoes in X-ray binaries; mapping the accretion flow


  In X-ray binaries much of the optical/UV emission arises from X-rays
reprocessed by material in the accretion disk, stream and the companion star.
The resulting reprocessed variability will be delayed in time with respect to
the X-ray variability by an amount depending on the position of the
reprocessing regions. We can determine a range of time-delays present in the
system. This time-delay transfer function can be used to `echo-map' the
geometry of the reprocessing regions in the binary system.
  We present our modeling of this transfer function and show results from our
echo-mapping campaign using X-ray lightcurves from RXTE, simultaneous with HST.
In the X-ray transient, GRO j1655-40, shortly after the 1996 outburst, we find
evidence for reprocessing in the outer regions of a thick accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5906 </DOCNO>
Colloids, polymers, and needles: Demixing phase behavior


  We consider a ternary mixture of hard colloidal spheres, ideal polymer
spheres, and rigid vanishingly thin needles, which model stretched polymers or
colloidal rods. For this model we develop a geometry-based density functional
theory, apply it to bulk fluid phases, and predict demixing phase behavior. In
the case of no polymer-needle interactions, two-phase coexistence between
colloid-rich and -poor phases is found. For hard needle-polymer interactions we
predict rich phase diagrams, exhibiting three-phase coexistence, and reentrant
demixing behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77067 </DOCNO>
Rescattering and chiral dynamics in B\to \rho\pi decay


  We examine the role of B^0(\bar B^0) \to \sigma \pi^0 \to \pi^+\pi^- \pi^0
decay in the Dalitz plot analysis of B^0 (\bar B^0) \to \rho\pi \to
\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0 decays, employed to extract the CKM parameter \alpha. The
\sigma \pi channel is significant because it can break the relationship between
the penguin contributions in B\to\rho^0\pi^0, B\to\rho^+\pi^-, and
B\to\rho^-\pi^+ decays consequent to an assumption of isospin symmetry. Its
presence thus mimics the effect of isospin violation. The \sigma\pi^0 state is
of definite CP, however; we demonstrate that the B\to\rho\pi analysis can be
generalized to include this channel without difficulty. The \sigma or
f_0(400-1200) ``meson'' is a broad I=J=0 enhancement driven by strong \pi\pi
rescattering; a suitable scalar form factor is constrained by the chiral
dynamics of low-energy hadron-hadron interactions - it is rather different from
the relativistic Breit-Wigner form adopted in earlier B\to\sigma\pi and
D\to\sigma\pi analyses. We show that the use of this scalar form factor leads
to an improved theoretical understanding of the measured ratio Br(\bar B^0 \to
\rho^\mp \pi^\pm) / Br(B^-\to \rho^0 \pi^-).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113932 </DOCNO>
Non-sequential triple ionization in strong fields


  We consider the final stage of triple ionization of atoms in a strong
linearly polarized laser field. We propose that for intensities below the
saturation value for triple ionization the process is dominated by the
simultaneous escape of three electrons from a highly excited intermediate
complex. We identify within a classical model two pathways to triple
ionization, one with a triangular configuration of electrons and one with a
more linear one. Both are saddles in phase space. A stability analysis
indicates that the triangular configuration has the larger cross sections and
should be the dominant one. Trajectory simulations within the dominant symmetry
subspace reproduce the experimentally observed distribution of ion momenta
parallel to the polarization axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74449 </DOCNO>
Three Numerical Puzzles and the Top Quark's Chiral Weak-Moment


  Versus the standard model's t --> W b decay helicity amplitudes, three
numerical puzzles occur at the 0.1 % level when one considers the amplitudes in
the case of an additional (f_M + f_E) coupling of relative strength 53 GeV. The
puzzles are theoretical ones which involve the t --> W b decay helicity
amplitudes in the two cases, the relative strength of this additional coupling,
and the observed masses of these three particles. A deeper analytic realization
is obtained for two of them. Equivalent realizations are given for the
remaining one. An empirical consequence of these analytic realizations is that
it is important to search for effects of a large chiral weak-moment of the
top-quark, the effective mass-scale is about 53 GeV. A full theoretical
resolution would include relating the origin of such a chiral weak-moment and
the mass generation of the top-quark, the W-boson, and probably the b-quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77093 </DOCNO>
Differential Distributions for NLO Neutrino-Production of Charm


  Charged current DIS charm production measures the strange-quark PDF. A
complete analysis requires both a fully differential theoretical calculation,
and a Monte Carlo detector simulation. We present analytic and numeric results
at NLO suitable for experimental analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113864 </DOCNO>
The invention of the quantum energy concept according to Planck


  A hundred years ago, the quantum concept provoked a revolution in science and
the search of a new conceptual basis for whole physics, as emphasized by
Einstein. In this paper, I discuss the essential features of Planck's works in
1900 on the blackbody radiation and the hypothesis of energy quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168256 </DOCNO>
Mechanical disentanglement of EPR


  Two loops of different helicitiy are running away from each other along a
vortex filament. Let at some distant place in the right part of the filament
the helicity of a loop was measured. We know that the loop has come to the
point of the registration from the left. Hence, from this knowledge and the
knowledge of the loop's helicity, we find out the direction of the filament's
vorticity. Next, from the knowledge of the direction of the filament's
vorticity and the knowledge of the direction where the other loop moves to, we
learn automatically the helicity of the second loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1627 </DOCNO>
The gas of elastic quantum strings in 2+1 dimensions: finite


  The finite temperature physics of the gas of elastic quantum strings as
introduced in J. Zaanen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 753 is investigated. This model
is inspired on the stripes in the high Tc superconductors. We analyze in detail
how the kinetic interactions of the zero temperature quantum problem crossover
into the entropic interactions of the high temperature limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95950 </DOCNO>
Poeschl-Teller paradoxes


  Poeschl-Teller trigonometric potential well is PT symmetrically regularized
at its "impenetrable" end-point barriers. This gives the four different
solvable generalizations of the model and enables us to clarify some paradoxes
encountered, in the SUSY context, in the classically forbidden coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129173 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Spectra of Black Hole X-ray Novae in Quiescence as Measured by


  We present Chandra observations of black hole X-ray novae V404 Cyg, A0620-00,
GRO J1655-40 and XTE J1550-564 in quiescence. Their quiescent spectra can be
well fitted by a power-law model with slope $\alpha \sim 2$. While a coronal
(Raymond-Smith) model is also a statistically acceptable representation of the
spectra, the best fit temperatures of these models is $\sim 5$ times higher
than that seen in active stellar coronae. These four spectra of quiescent X-ray
novae are all consistent with that expected for accretion via an
advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) and inconsistent with that expected
from a stellar corona. This evidence for continued accretion in quiescence
further strengthens the case for the existence of event horizons in black
holes. Both A0620-00 and GRO J1655-40 were fainter than in previous
observations, while V404 Cyg was more luminous and varied by a factor of 2 in a
few ksec. A reanalysis of the X-ray data for XTE J1550-564 shows that (like
V404 Cyg and A0620-00) its luminosity exceeds the maximum prediction of the
coronal model by a large factor. The 0.3-7 keV luminosity of the four sources
studied ranges from $\sim 10^{30}-10^{33}$ erg/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126536 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of gravitational clustering IV. The probability distribution of


  Using a non-perturbative method developed in a previous article (paper II) we
investigate the tails of the probability distribution $P(\rho_R)$ of the
overdensity within spherical cells. We show that our results for the
low-density tail of the pdf agree with perturbative results when the latter are
finite (up to the first subleading term), that is for power-spectra with
$-3<n<-1$. Over the range $-1<n<1$ some shell-crossing occurs (which leads to
the break-up of perturbative approaches) but this does not invalidate our
approach. In particular, we explain that we can still obtain an approximation
for the low-density tail of the pdf. This feature also clearly shows that
perturbative results should be viewed with caution (even when they are finite).
We point out that our results can be recovered by a simple spherical model but
they cannot be derived from the stable-clustering ansatz in the regime $\sigma
\gg 1$ since they involve underdense regions which are still expanding. Second,
turning to high-density regions we explain that a naive study of the radial
spherical dynamics fails. Indeed, a violent radial-orbit instability leads to a
fast relaxation of collapsed halos (over one dynamical time) towards a roughly
isotropic equilibrium velocity distribution. Then, the transverse velocity
dispersion stabilizes the density profile so that almost spherical halos obey
the stable-clustering ansatz for $-3<n<1$. We again find that our results for
the high-density tail of the pdf agree with a simple spherical model (which
takes into account virialization). Moreover, they are consistent with the
stable-clustering ansatz in the non-linear regime. Besides, our approach
justifies the large-mass cutoff of the Press-Schechter mass function (although
the various normalization parameters should be modified).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86238 </DOCNO>
Torsional Oscillations of Magnetized Relativistic Stars


  Strong magnetic fields in relativistic stars can be a cause of crust
fracturing, resulting in the excitation of global torsional oscillations. Such
oscillations could become observable in gravitational waves or in high-energy
radiation, thus becoming a tool for probing the equation of state of
relativistic stars. As the eigenfrequency of torsional oscillation modes is
affected by the presence of a strong magnetic field, we study torsional modes
in magnetized relativistic stars. We derive the linearized perturbation
equations that govern torsional oscillations coupled to the oscillations of a
magnetic field, when variations in the metric are neglected (Cowling
approximation). The oscillations are described by a single two-dimensional wave
equation, which can be solved as a boundary value problem to obtain
eigenfrequencies. We find that in the non-magnetized case, typical oscillation
periods of the fundamental l=2 torsional modes can be nearly a factor of two
larger for relativistic stars than previously computed in the Newtonian limit.
For magnetized stars, we show that the influence of the magnetic field is
highly dependent on the assumed magnetic field configuration and simple
estimates obtained previously in the literature cannot be used for identifying
normal modes observationally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168860 </DOCNO>
Two theories of decoherence


  Theories of decoherence come in two flavors---Platonic and Aristotelian.
Platonists grant ontological primacy to the concepts and mathematical symbols
by which we describe or comprehend the physical world. Aristotelians grant it
to the physical world. The significance one attaches to the phenomenon of
decoherence depends on the school to which one belongs. The debate about the
significance of quantum states has for the most part been carried on between
Platonists and Kantians, who advocate an epistemic interpretation, with
Aristotelians caught in the crossfire. For the latter, quantum states are
neither states of Nature nor states of knowledge. The real issue is not the
kind of reality that we should attribute to quantum states but the reality of
the spatial and temporal distinctions that we make. Once this is recognized,
the necessity of attributing ontological primacy to facts becomes obvious, the
Platonic stance becomes inconsistent, and the Kantian point of view becomes
unnecessarily restrictive and unilluminating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3259 </DOCNO>
Haldane-Gapped Spin Chains as Luttinger Liquids: Correlation Functions


  We study the behavior of Heisenberg, antiferromagnetic, integer-spin chains
in the presence of a magnetic field exceeding the attendant spin gap. For
temperatures much smaller than the gap, the spin chains exhibit Luttinger
liquid behavior. We compute exactly both the corresponding Luttinger parameter
and the Fermi velocity as a function of magnetic field. This enables the
computation of a number of correlators from which we derive the spin
conductance and the expected form of the dynamic structure factor relevant to
inelastic neutron scattering experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127815 </DOCNO>
The Spectra and Classification of L and T Dwarfs


  In this contribution, I discuss some of the salient features of L and T dwarf
spectra in both the red optical (6300--10000 {\AA}) and near-infrared (1--2.5
$\micron$) wavelength regimes. Important absorption bands and lines, including
those of H$_2$O, CH$_4$, FeH, CrH, CO, and the alkali metal lines, are
identified, and the development of recent classification schemes based on these
features are discussed. I briefly point out future work required in these
wavelength regions and in the mid-infrared that are required to garner a
complete picture of these low-luminosity dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127464 </DOCNO>
Magnetically Driven Precession of Warped Disks and Milli-Hertz


  The inner region of the accretion disk around a magnetized neutron star is
subjected to magnetic torques that induce warping and precession of the disk.
These torques arise from interactions between the stellar field and the induced
electric currents in the disk. We carry out a global analysis of
warping/precession modes in a viscous accretion disk, and show that under a
wide range of conditions typical of accreting X-ray pulsars, the magnetic
warping torque can overcome viscous damping and make the mode grow. The
warping/precession modes are concentrated near the inner edge of the disk (at
the magnetosphere-disk boundary), and can give rise to variabilities or
quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the X-ray/UV/optical fluxes from X-ray
pulsars. We examine the observed properties of mHz QPOs in several systems
(such as 4U 1626-67), and suggest that some hitherto unexplained QPOs are the
results of magnetically driven disk warping/precession.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86318 </DOCNO>
R0 Cosmology ?


  It is postulated that the action of the FRW-universe is the cosmological term
of Einsteins theory (no curvature term - R0 Cosmology). The expansion equation
emerging from the embedding of this most simple brane world with variable speed
of light is deduced. The universal dimensionless coupling constant of gravity
is addressed. Some implications on the deep problems of cosmology are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149659 </DOCNO>
Interacting Noncommutative Lumps


  We consider interaction of two lumps corresponding to 0-branes in
noncommutative gauge theory

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148506 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative Gross-Neveu model at large N


  The non-commutative O(N) Gross-Neveu model is solved in the large N limit in
two and three space-time dimensions. The commutative version of the two
dimensional model is a renormalizable quantum field theory, both in a coupling
constant expansion and an expansion in 1/N. The non-commutative version has a
renormalizable coupling constant expansion where ultraviolet divergences can be
removed by adjusting counterterms to each order. On the other hand, in a
previous work, we showed that the non-commutative theory is not renormalizable
in the large N expansion. This is argued to be due to a combined effect of
asymptotic freedom and the ultraviolet/infrared mixing that occurs in a
non-commutative field theory. In the present paper we will elaborate on this
result and extend it to study the large N limit of the three dimensional
Gross-Neveu model. We shall see that the large N limit of the three dimensional
theory is also trivial when the ultraviolet cutoff is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126726 </DOCNO>
The star cluster system of the 3 Gyr old merger remnant NGC 1316: Clues


  The giant merger remnant galaxy NGC 1316 (Fornax A) is an ideal probe for
studying the long-term effects of a past major merger on star cluster systems,
given its spectroscopically derived merger age of ~3 Gyr which we reported in a
recent paper. Here we present new ground-based, large-area optical and near-IR
imaging of star clusters in NGC 1316, complemented with deep HST/WFPC2 imaging.
We find that the optical-near-IR colours and luminosities of the brightest ~10
clusters in NGC 1316 are consistent with those of intermediate-age (2-3 Gyr)
populations. Unlike `normal' giant ellipticals, the B-I colour distribution of
clusters in NGC 1316 is not clearly bimodal. However, the luminosity functions
(LFs) of the blue and red parts of the cluster colour distribution are
different: The red cluster LF is well represented by a power law with index
-1.2 +/- 0.3, extending to about 1.5 mag brighter (in B) than those of typical
giant ellipticals. In contrast, the shape of the blue cluster LF is consistent
with that of `normal' spiral and elliptical galaxies. We conclude that the star
cluster system of NGC 1316 is a combination of a population of age ~3 Gyr
having roughly solar metallicity and a population of old, metal-poor clusters
which probably belonged to the pre-merger galaxies. After the 3 Gyr old,
metal-rich clusters fade to an age of 10 Gyr, they will form a red `peak' in a
bimodal cluster colour distribution. This `red peak' will have a colour
consistent with that found in `normal, old' giant ellipticals of the same
galaxy luminosity (taking age dimming into account). These features of the star
cluster system of NGC 1316 are fully consistent with scenarios for forming
`normal' giant elliptical galaxies through gas-rich mergers at look-back times
$\ga$ 10 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179308 </DOCNO>
A general numerical solution of dispersion relations for the nuclear


  A general numerical solution of the dispersion integral relation between the
real and the imaginary parts of the nuclear optical potential is presented.
Fast convergence is achieved by means of the Gauss-Legendre integration method,
which offers accuracy, easiness of implementation and generality for dispersive
optical model calculations. The use of this numerical integration method in the
optical-model parameter search codes allows for a fast and accurate dispersive
analysis.
  PACS number(s): 11.55.Fv, 24.10.Ht, 02.60.Jh

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83526 </DOCNO>
Communities of Practice in the Distributed International Environment


  Modern commercial organisations are facing pressures which have caused them
to lose personnel. When they lose people, they also lose their knowledge.
Organisations also have to cope with the internationalisation of business
forcing collaboration and knowledge sharing across time and distance. Knowledge
Management (KM) claims to tackle these issues. This paper looks at an area
where KM does not offer sufficient support, that is, the sharing of knowledge
that is not easy to articulate.
  The focus in this paper is on Communities of Practice in commercial
organisations. We do this by exploring knowledge sharing in Lave and Wenger's
[1] theory of Communities of Practice and investigating how Communities of
Practice may translate to a distributed international environment. The paper
reports on two case studies that explore the functioning of Communities of
Practice across international boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 700 </DOCNO>
Infrared and optical spectroscopy of alpha and gamma-phase Ce


  We determined the optical properties of alpha- and gamma-phase Ce in the
photon energy range from 60 meV to 2.5 eV using ellipsometry and grazing
incidence reflectometry. We observe significant changes of the optical
conductivity, the dynamical scattering rate, and the effective mass between
alpha- and gamma-cerium. The alpha-phase is characterized by Fermi-liquid
frequency dependent scattering rate, and an effective mass of about 20 m_e on
an energy scale of about 0.2 eV. In gamma-Ce the charge carriers have a large
scattering rate in the far infrared, and a carrier mass characteristic of 5d
band electrons. In addition we observe a prominent absorption feature in
alpha-Ce, which is absent in gamma-Ce, indicating significant differences of
the electronic structure between the two phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99107 </DOCNO>
Hilbert Schemes of Degree Four Curves


  In this paper we determine the irreducible components of the Hilbert schemes
H(4,g) of locally Cohen-Macaulay space curves of degree four and arbitrary
arithmetic genus g. We show that these Hilbert schemes are connected, in spite
of having about g^2/24 irreducible components. For g < -2 we exhibit a
component that is disjoint from the component of extremal curves and use this
to give a counterexample to a conjecture of Ait-Amrane and Perrin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41523 </DOCNO>
Extensive Air Showers from Ultra High Energy Gluinos


  We study the proposal that the cosmic ray primaries above the
Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff are gluino-containing hadrons ($\tilde
g$-hadrons). We describe the interaction of $\tilde g$-hadrons with nucleons in
the framework of the Gribov-Regge approach using a modified version of the
hadronic interaction model QGSJET for the generations of Extensive Air Showers
(EAS). There are two mass windows marginally allowed for gluinos: $m_{\tilde
g}\lsim 3$ GeV and $25\lsim m_{\tilde g}\lsim 35$ GeV. Gluino-containing
hadrons corresponding to the second window produce EAS very different from the
observed ones. Light $\tilde g$-hadrons corresponding to the first gluino
window produce EAS similar to those initiated by protons, and only future
detectors can marginally distinguish them. We propose a beam-dump accelerator
experiment to search for $\tilde g$-hadrons in this mass window. We emphasize
the importance of this experiment: it can discover (or exclude) the light
gluino and its role as a cosmic ray primary at ultra high energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6249 </DOCNO>
A mathematical theorem as the basis for the second law: Thomson's


  There are several formulations of the second law, and they may, in principle,
have different domains of validity. Here a simple mathematical theorem is
proven which serves as the most general basis for the second law, namely the
Thomson formulation (`cyclic changes cost energy'), applied to equilibrium.
This formulation of the second law is a property akin to particle conservation
(normalization of the wavefunction). It has been stricktly proven for a
canonical ensemble, and made plausible for a micro-canonical ensemble.
  As the derivation does not assume time-inversion-invariance, it is applicable
to situations where persistent current occur. This clear-cut derivation allows
to revive the ``no perpetuum mobile in equilibrium'' formulation of the second
law and to criticize some assumptions which are widespread in literature.
  The result puts recent results devoted to foundations and limitations of the
second law in proper perspective, and structurizes this relatively new field of
research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126215 </DOCNO>
An evolutionary scenario for blazar unification


  Blazar subclasses ranging from flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) through
low-frequency-peaked BL Lac objects (LBLs) to high-frequency-peaked BL Lac
objects (HBLs) exhibit a sequence of increasing spectral hardness with
decreasing luminosity that cannot be explained solely by orientation effects.
Using an analytic model for the synchrotron, synchrotron-self-Compton, and
Compton-scattered external radiation from blazar jets, we propose an
evolutionary scenario that links these blazar subclasses in terms of a
reduction of the black-hole accretion power with time. As the circumnuclear
material accretes to fuel the central engine, less gas and dust is left to
scatter accretion-disk radiation and produce an external Compton-scattered
component in blazar spectra. This evolutionary trend produces the sequence FSRQ
-> LBL -> HBL. Such a scenario may also link radio-loud AGNs with ultraluminous
infrared galaxies and optical QSOs, if the latter constitute the high
Eddington-ratio epoch of supermassive black hole growth, as suggested by the
observed anti-correlation between radio and soft X-ray activity in some
Galactic black-hole candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1377 </DOCNO>
Semiconductor quantum computer design with 100 nm separation of


  We combine elements of the 1998 quantum computing proposals by Privman,
Vagner and Kventsel, and by Kane, with the new idea of nuclear-spin qubit
interactions mediated indirectly via the bound outer electrons of impurity
atoms whose nuclear spins 1/2 are the qubits. These electrons, in turn,
interact via the two-dimensional electron gas in the quantum Hall effect
regime. The resulting quantum computing scheme retains all the gate-control and
measurement aspects of the proposal by Kane, but allows qubit spacing at
distances of order 100 nm, attainable with the present-day
semiconductor-heterostructure device technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97917 </DOCNO>
The electron density is smooth away from the nuclei


  We prove that the electron densities of electronic eigenfunctions of atoms
and molecules are smooth away from the nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113666 </DOCNO>
A Note on Symplectic Algorithms


  We present the symplectic algorithm in the Lagrangian formalism for the
Hamiltonian systems by virtue of the noncommutative differential calculus with
respect to the discrete time and the Euler--Lagrange cohomological concepts. We
also show that the trapezoidal integrator is symplectic in certain sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74798 </DOCNO>
About the origins of the Supersymmetric Standard Model


  Could one use supersymmetry to relate the fermions, constituants of matter,
with the bosons messengers of the interactions? This is, ideally, what a
symmetry between fermions and bosons would be expected to do.
  However many obstacles seemed, long ago, to prevent supersymmetry from
possibly being a fundamental symmetry of Nature. Which fermions and bosons
could be related? Is spontaneous supersymmetry breaking possible at all? If
yes, where is the corresponding spin-1/2 Goldstone fermion? Supersymmetric
theories also involve Majorana fermions, unknown in Nature. And how could we
define conserved quantum numbers like B and L, when these are carried by
fundamental (Dirac) fermions only, not by bosons?
  An early attempt to relate the photon with a ``neutrino'' led us to
R-invariance and to a new R quantum number carried by the supersymmetry
generator, but this ``neutrino'' had to be reinterpreted as a new particle, the
photino. We also had to introduce bosons carrying ``fermion numbers'' B and L,
which became the squarks and sleptons. This led to the Supersymmetric Standard
Model, involving SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) gauge superfields interacting with chiral
quark and lepton superfields, and two doublet Higgs superfields responsible for
quark and lepton masses. R-parity, deeply related with B and L conservation
laws, appeared as a remnant of the original R-invariance, reduced to a discrete
symmetry so that the gravitino and gluinos can acquire masses. We also comment
about supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41345 </DOCNO>
Observation of exclusive DVCS in polarized electron beam asymmetry


  We report the first results of the beam spin asymmetry measured in the
reaction e + p -> e + p + gamma at a beam energy of 4.25 GeV. A large asymmetry
with a sin(phi) modulation is observed, as predicted for the interference term
of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering and the Bethe-Heitler process. The
amplitude of this modulation is alpha = 0.202 +/- 0.028. In leading-order and
leading-twist pQCD, the alpha is directly proportional to the imaginary part of
the DVCS amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2960 </DOCNO>
Quantum melting of domain walls in incommensurate surface phases


  Quantum fluctuations of domain walls (``solitons'') are investigated in
two-dimensional incommensurate states near the commensurate-incommensurate
transition point. Both stripe and honeycomb structures of domain walls are
considered. It is revealed that stripe structure melts and becomes soliton
liquid for large wall spacing region for any domain-wall mass. This quantum
melting transition is second order and characterized by 3D XY universality
class. Zero-point energy of stripe and honeycomb phases are calculated using
quantum elastic theory. As a consequence of these results, a phase diagram of
soliton lattice and liquid phases is discussed for various domain-wall mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6622 </DOCNO>
A molecular dynamics simulation of polymer crystallization from oriented


  Molecular process of crystallization from an oriented amorphous state was
reproduced by molecular dynamics simulation for a realistic polyethylene model.
Initial oriented amorphous state was obtained by uniaxial drawing an isotropic
glassy state at 100 K. By the temperature jump from 100 K to 330 K, there
occurred the crystallization into the fiber structure, during the process of
which we observed the developments of various order parameters. The real space
image and its Fourier transform revealed that a hexagonally ordered domain was
initially formed, and then highly ordered crystalline state with stacked
lamellae developed after further adjustment of the relative heights of the
chains along their axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129583 </DOCNO>
Large Gas Disks in Radiogalaxies


  Large-scale (up to 100 kpc) HI structures have been found in three radio
galaxies using the WSRT and the VLA. In one case, the HI has been detected in
emission while in the other two HI absorption is detected against the radio
lobes. In at least two of the three studied radio galaxies the HI appears to be
distributed in a large disk and the large amount of neutral gas detected (>
10^9 M_sun) indicates that it is resulting from mergers of gas-rich galaxies.
The relatively regular structure and kinematics of these disks suggest that the
merger must have happened more than 10^8 yrs ago, therefore supporting the idea
that the radio activity starts late after the merger. In these low redshift
radio galaxies we may witness the processes that are more efficiently and
frequently happening at high-z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150149 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric D2 anti-D2 Strings


  We consider the flat supersymmetric D2 and anti-D2 system, which follows from
ordinary noncommutative D2 anti-D2 branes by turning on an appropriate
worldvolume electric field describing dissolved fundamental strings. We study
the strings stretched between D2 and anti-D2 branes and show explicitly that
the would-be tachyonic states become massless. We compute the string spectrum
and clarify the induced noncommutativity on the worldvolume. The results are
compared with the matrix theory description of the worldvolume gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76921 </DOCNO>
Confinement and chiral symmetry breaking via a domainlike mean field


  Singular gauge fields in the partition function for QCD can lead to a
domain-like picture for the QCD vacuum by virtue of constraints on quantum
fluctuations at the singularities. With a simple model of hyperspherical
domains with interiors of constant field strength we show that the main
features of gluon condensation and an area law for static quarks can be
realised.The Dirac operator in such a background is exactly soluble. Chirality
properties of the solutions show agreement with recent lattice results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168053 </DOCNO>
Encoded Universality in Physical Implementations of a Quantum Computer


  We revisit the question of universality in quantum computing and propose a
new paradigm. Instead of forcing a physical system to enact a predetermined set
of universal gates (e.g., single-qubit operations and CNOT), we focus on the
intrinsic ability of a system to act as a universal quantum computer using only
its naturally available interactions. A key element of this approach is the
realization that the fungible nature of quantum information allows for
universal manipulations using quantum information encoded in a subspace of the
full system Hilbert space, as an alternative to using physical qubits directly.
Starting with the interactions intrinsic to the physical system, we show how to
determine the possible universality resulting from these interactions over an
encoded subspace. We outline a general Lie-algebraic framework which can be
used to find the encoding for universality and give several examples relevant
to solid-state quantum computing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96270 </DOCNO>
Field Theory on the q-deformed Fuzzy Sphere II: Quantization


  We study the second quantization of field theory on the q-deformed fuzzy
sphere for real q. This is performed using a path-integral over the modes,
which generate a quasiassociative algebra. The resulting models have a manifest
U_q(su(2)) symmetry with a smooth limit q -> 1, and satisfy positivity and
twisted bosonic symmetry properties. A systematic way to calculate n-point
correlators in perturbation theory is given. As examples, the 4-point
correlator for a free scalar field theory and the planar contribution to the
tadpole diagram in \phi^4 theory are computed. The case of gauge fields is also
discussed, as well as an operator formulation of scalar field theory in 2_q + 1
dimensions. An alternative, essentially equivalent approach using associative
techniques only is also presented. The proposed framework is not restricted to
2 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 759 </DOCNO>
Surface Core Level Shifts of Clean and Oxygen Covered Ru(0001)


  We have performed high resolution XPS experiments of the Ru(0001) surface,
both clean and covered with well-defined amounts of oxygen up to 1 ML coverage.
For the clean surface we detected two distinct components in the Ru 3d_{5/2}
core level spectra, for which a definite assignment was made using the high
resolution Angle-Scan Photoelectron Diffraction approach. For the p(2x2),
p(2x1), (2x2)-3O and (1x1)-O oxygen structures we found Ru 3d_{5/2} core level
peaks which are shifted up to 1 eV to higher binding energies. Very good
agreement with density functional theory calculations of these Surface Core
Level Shifts (SCLS) is reported. The overriding parameter for the resulting Ru
SCLSs turns out to be the number of directly coordinated O atoms. Since the
calculations permit the separation of initial and final state effects, our
results give valuable information for the understanding of bonding and
screening at the surface, otherwise not accessible in the measurement of the
core level energies alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96628 </DOCNO>
Partial theta functions. I. Beyond the lost notebook


  It is shown how many of the partial theta function identities in Ramanujan's
lost notebook can be generalized to infinite families of such identities. Key
in our construction is the Bailey lemma and a new generalization of the Jacobi
triple product identity. By computing residues around the poles of our
identities we find a surprising connection between partial theta functions
identities and Garret-Ismail-Stanton-type extensions of multisum
Rogers-Ramanujan identities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74312 </DOCNO>
Precise parametrizations of muon energy losses in water


  The description of muon propagation through large depths of matter, based on
a concept of the correction factor, is proposed. The results of Monte-Carlo
calculations of this correction factor are presented. The parametrizations for
continuous energy loss coefficients, valid in the broad interval of muon
energies, and for the correction factor are given. The concrete calculations
for pure water are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124562 </DOCNO>
Unusual Radio Properties of the BL Lac Object 0820+225


  We present the results of simultaneous VLBA polarisation observations of the
BL Lacertae object 0820+225 at 5, 8, and 15 GHz, together with earlier images
at 5 GHz. This source has an unusually rich total intensity and polarisation
structure compared to other objects with comparable redshifts. The magnetic
field in the inner part of the complex and highly twisted VLBI jet is
transverse, as is typical of BL Lacertae objects, but becomes roughly
longitudinal further from the core, possibly due to shear. Although the
integrated rotation measure of 0820+225 is modest, the rotation-measure
distribution on parsec scales is non-uniform, and clearly shows regions where
the rotation measure is substantially higher than the integrated value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98340 </DOCNO>
Cochain algebras of mapping spaces and finite group actions


  The purpose of the present article is threefold. First of all, we rebuild the
whole theory of cosimplicial models of mapping spaces by using systematically
Kan adjunction techniques. Secondly, given two topological spaces X and Y, we
construct a cochain algebra which is quasi-isomorphic (as an algebra) to the
singular cochain algebra of the corresponding mapping space from X to Y. Here,
X has to be homotopy equivalent to the geometric realization a finite
simplicial set and of dimension less or equal to the connectivity of Y. At
last, we apply these results to the study of finite group actions on mapping
spaces that are induced by an action on the source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129304 </DOCNO>
Profiles of the Resonance Doublets Formed in Bipolar Winds in Symbiotic


  We compute the profiles of resonance doublet lines formed in bipolar winds
with velocity greater than the doublet separation in symbiotic stars.
Particular attention has been paid on the doublet line ratio, where the
conversion of the short wavelength component arising from the
$2S_{1/2}-2P_{3/2}$ transition into the long wavelengh component for the
transition $2S_{1/2}-2P_{1/2}$ plays an essential role in determining the flux
line ratio of the doublet. We adopted a Monte Carlo technique and the Sobolev
approximation. Our bipolar winds take the form of a cone and are characterised
by the terminal wind velocity, mass loss rate and the opening angle of the
cone. When the observer is in the polar direction and the Sobolev optical depth
is moderate $\tau_{Sob}\simeq 1$, then we mainly obtain profiles with inverted
flux line ratios, where the short wavelength component is weaker than the long
wavelength component. When the observer is in the equatorial direction, we find
that the profiles are characterised by two broad components, where the long
wavelength component is the broader and stronger of the two. We conclude that
the profiles obtained in our model provide qualitative understanding of broad
and inverted intensity ratio of the doublets in symbiotic stars and that the
bipolarity of the stellar winds can be inferred from the broader and stronger
long wavelength components in the doublet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83841 </DOCNO>
Internet TV: Business Models and Program Content


  Internet technology should eventually provide important improvements over
established media not only in the efficiency of broadband delivery, and of
particularimportance, in the efficiency of business models that can be used to
collect money for that programming. I identify five economic characteristics of
Internet technology that should lead to these greater efficiencies: (1) lower
delivery costs and reduced capacity constraints, (2) more efficient
interactivity, (3) more efficient advertising and sponsorship, (4) more
efficient direct pricing and bundling, and (5) lower costs of copying and
sharing.
  The most successful Internet TV business models are likely to involve
syndication to or from other media, and also international distribution. In the
broader context, Internet TV is another syndication outlet by which program
suppliers can segment their overall markets and thus support higher production
investments. Many innovative and more sharply focused programs will surely
prosper on Internet TV, but the attractiveness to audiences of high production
value programming will tend to advantage broad appeal programming, such as
Hollywood movies. Historical evidence about the performance of cable television
and videocassettes is presented to support these points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123685 </DOCNO>
The ultraviolet visibility and quantitative morphology of galactic disks


  We used ultraviolet (200 nm) images of the local spiral galaxies M33, M51,
M81, M100, M101 to compute morphological parameters of galactic disks at this
wavelength : half-light radius $r_{hl}$, surface brightness distributions,
asymmetries ($A$) and concentrations ($C_A$). The visibility and the evolution
of the morphological parameters are studied as a function of the redshift. The
main results are : local spiral galaxies would be hardly observed and
classified if projected at high redshifts (z $\ge$ 1) unless a strong
luminosity evolution is assumed. Consequently, the non-detection of large
galactic disks cannot be used without caution as a constraint on the evolution
of galatic disks. Spiral galaxies observed in ultraviolet appear more irregular
since the contribution from the young stellar population becomes predominent.
When these galaxies are put in a (log $A$ vs. log $C_A$) diagram, they move to
the irregul ar sector defined at visible wavelengths. Moreover, the log $A$
parameter is degenerate and cannot be used for an efficient classification of
morphological ultraviolet types. The analysis of high redshift galaxies cannot
be carried out in a reliable way so far and a multi-wavelength approach is
required if one does not want to misinterpret the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148387 </DOCNO>
High Spin Gauge Fields and Two-Time Physics


  All possible interactions of a point particle with background
electromagnetic, gravitational and higher-spin fields is considered in the
two-time physics worldline formalism in (d,2) dimensions. This system has a
counterpart in a recent formulation of two-time physics in non-commutative
field theory with local Sp(2) symmetry. In either the worldline or field theory
formulation, a general Sp(2) algebraic constraint governs the interactions, and
determines equations that the background fields of any spin must obey. The
constraints are solved in the classical worldline formalism (h-bar=0 limit) as
well as in the field theory formalism (all powers of h-bar). The solution in
both cases coincide for a certain 2T to 1T holographic image which describes a
relativistic particle interacting with background fields of any spin in (d-1,1)
dimensions. Two disconnected branches of solutions exist, which seem to have a
correspondence as massless states in string theory, one containing low spins in
the zero Regge slope limit, and the other containing high spins in the infinite
Regge slope limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76046 </DOCNO>
One Loop Renormalization of Spontaneously Broken U(2) Gauge Theory on


  We examine the renormalizability problem of spontaneously broken non-Abelian
gauge theory on noncommutative spacetime. We show by an explicit analysis of
the U(2) case that ultraviolet divergences can be removed at one loop level
with the same limited number of renormalization constants as required on
commutative spacetime. We thus push forward the efforts towards constructing
realistic models of gauge interactions on noncommutative spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113521 </DOCNO>
A simple iterative algorithm for generating selected eigenspaces of


  We propose a new iterative algorithm for generating a subset of eigenvalues
and eigenvectors of large matrices which generalizes the method of optimal
relaxations. We also give convergence criteria for the iterative process,
investigate its efficiency by evaluating computer storage and time requirements
and by a few numerical tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124496 </DOCNO>
A Black Hole in the Superluminal source SAX J1819.3-2525 (V4641 Sgr)


  (shortened) Spectroscopic observations of the fast X-ray transient and
superluminal jet source SAX J1819.3-2525 (V4641 Sgr) reveal a best fitting
period of P_spect=2.81678 +/- 0.00056 days and a semiamplitude of K_2=211.0 +/-
3.1 km/sec. The optical mass function is f(M)=2.74 +/- 0.12 solar masses. We
find a photometric period of P_photo=2.81730 +/- 0.00001 days using a light
curve measured from photographic plates. The folded light curve resembles an
ellipsoidal light curve with two maxima of roughly equal height and two minima
of unequal depth per orbital cycle. The secondary star is a late B-type star
which has evolved off the main sequence. Using a moderate resolution spectrum
(R=7000) we measure T_eff=10500 +/- 200K, log(g)=3.5 +/- 0.1, and
V_rot*sin(i)=123 +/- 4 km/sec (1 sigma errors). Assuming synchronous rotation,
our measured value of the projected rotational velocity implies a mass ratio of
Q=M_1/M_2=1.50 +/- 0.08 (1sigma). The lack of X-ray eclipses implies an upper
limit to the inclination of i<70.7 deg. On the other hand, the large amplitude
of the folded light curve (about 0.5 mag) implies a large inclination (i>60
deg). Using the above mass function, mass ratio, and inclination range, the
mass of the compact object is in the range 8.73 < M_1 < 11.70 solar masses and
the mass of the secondary star is in the range 5.49 < M_2 < 8.14 solar masses
(90% confidence). The mass of the compact object is well above the maximum mass
of a stable neutron star and we conclude that V4641 Sgr contains a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168252 </DOCNO>
Entangled qutrits violate local realism stronger than qubits - an


  In Kaszlikowski [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 4418 (2000)], it has been shown
numerically that the violation of local realism for two maximally entangled
$N$-dimensional ($3 \leq N$) quantum objects is stronger than for two maximally
entangled qubits and grows with $N$. In this paper we present the analytical
proof of this fact for N=3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128969 </DOCNO>
Genesis: How the Universe Began According to Standard Model Particle


  I show that the mutual consistency of the Bekenstein Bound, the Standard
Model (SM) of particle physics, and general relativity implies that the
universe began in a unique state. I solve the coupled EYM equations for this
unique state, show how the horizon problem is solved, and how SM baryogenesis
naturally results from the triangle anomoly. Since the SU(2) winding number
state is thus non-zero, the universe is not in the QCD ground state, and this
plausibly yields a (small) positive cosmological constant. Since the initial
state is unique, it is necessarily homogeneous and isotropic, as required by
the Bekenstein Bound. Wheeler-DeWitt quantization implies an $S^3$ cosmology
must be very close to flat if the universe is to be classical today. I show
that the spectrum of any classical gauge field (or interacting massless scalar
field) in a FRW universe necessarily obeys the Wien displacement law and the
corresponding quantized field the Planck distribution law with the reciprocal
of the scale factor playing the role of temperature, even if the fields have
zero temperature. Thus the CBR could even today be a pure SU(2) electroweak
field at zero temperature coupled to the Higgs field, in spite of early
universe inverse double Compton and thermal bremsstrahlung.Such a CBR would not
couple to right-handed electrons, and this property can be detected with a
Penning trap or even using the late 1960's CBR detector with appropriate
filters. I argue that ultrahigh energy (UHE) Genesisf.tex Genesisf.tex cosmic
ray protons would not produce pions by interacting with such a CBR, and thus
the existence of such protons may constitute an observation of this CBR
property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86408 </DOCNO>
Causal Sets, a Possible Interpretation for the Black Hole Entropy,and


  The Causal Set hypothesis asserts that spacetime, ultimately, is discrete and
its underlying structure is that of a locally finite partial ordered set, and
macroscopic causality reflects a deeper notion of order in terms of which all
the geometrical structure of spacetime must find their ultimate expression.
After reviewing the main aspects of Causal Sets Kinematics, and the recently
developed Stochastic Dynamics. We concentrate on possible implications in the
fields of cosmology and black holes. In the context of black hole, we propose a
possible interpretation of the entropy as the number of links crossing the
horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83777 </DOCNO>
Artificial Neurons with Arbitrarily Complex Internal Structures


  Artificial neurons with arbitrarily complex internal structure are
introduced. The neurons can be described in terms of a set of internal
variables, a set activation functions which describe the time evolution of
these variables and a set of characteristic functions which control how the
neurons interact with one another. The information capacity of attractor
networks composed of these generalized neurons is shown to reach the maximum
allowed bound. A simple example taken from the domain of pattern recognition
demonstrates the increased computational power of these neurons. Furthermore, a
specific class of generalized neurons gives rise to a simple transformation
relating attractor networks of generalized neurons to standard three layer
feed-forward networks. Given this correspondence, we conjecture that the
maximum information capacity of a three layer feed-forward network is 2 bits
per weight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41305 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the z- and x-dependence of the Mean Transverse Momentum


  The mean transverse momenta of hadrons, <P_{\bot}>, produced in e^+ N deep
inelastic scattering was studied as a function of the hadron energy fraction z
and the Bjorken variable x. The statistical accuracy of the HERMES data
permitted to observe at high z differences in <P_{\bot}> between hadrons with
positive and negative charges, h^+, h^- and K_s^0 for the first time. These
differences can presumably be explained by the flavour dependence of the
intrinsic transverse momentum distributions of quarks in the initial nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168549 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Full Adder for a Scalable Nuclear Spin Quantum Computer


  We demonstrate a strategy for implementation a quantum full adder in a spin
chain quantum computer. As an example, we simulate a quantum full adder in a
chain containing 201 spins. Our simulations also demonstrate how one can
minimize errors generated by non-resonant effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174776 </DOCNO>
Charged particle densities from Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV


  We present charged particle densities as a function of pseudorapidity and
collision centrality for the 197Au+197Au reaction at sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV. An
integral charged particle multiplicity of 3860+/-300 is found for the 5% most
central events within the pseudorapidity range -4.7 <= eta <= 4.7. At
mid-rapidity an enhancement in the particle yields per participant nucleon pair
is observed for central events. Near to the beam rapidity, a scaling of the
particle yields consistent with the ``limiting fragmentation'' picture is
observed. Our results are compared to other recent experimental and theoretical
discussions of charged particle densities in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148220 </DOCNO>
Composite fields, generalized hypergeometric functions and the $U(1)_Y$


  We discuss the concept of composite fields in flat CFT as well as in the
context of AdS/CFT. Furthermore we show how to represent Green functions using
generalized hypergeometric functions and apply these techniques to four-point
functions. Finally we prove an identity of $U(1)_Y$ symmetry for four-point
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6405 </DOCNO>
Measuring information spatial densities


  A novel definition of the stimulus-specific information is presented, which
is particularly useful when the stimuli constitute a continuous and metric set,
as for example, position in space. The approach allows one to build the spatial
information distribution of a given neural response. The method is applied to
the investigation of putative differences in the coding of position in
hippocampus and lateral septum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98010 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity of closed characteristics on symmetric convex hypersurfaces


  Let $\Sigma$ be a compact $C^2$ hypersurface in $\R^{2n}$ bounding a convex
set with non-empty interior. In this paper it is proved that there always exist
at least $n$ geometrically distinct closed characteristics on $\Sigma$ if
$\Sigma$ is symmetric with respect to the origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98586 </DOCNO>
Plurisubharmonicity of envelopes of disc functionals on manifolds


  We show that a disc functional on a complex manifold has a plurisubharmonic
envelope if all its pullbacks by holomorphic submersions from domains of
holomorphy in affine space do and it is locally bounded above and upper
semicontinuous in a certain weak sense. For naturally defined classes of disc
functionals on manifolds, this result reduces a property somewhat stronger than
having a plurisubharmonic envelope to the affine case. The proof uses a recent
Stein neighbourhood construction of Rosay, who proved the plurisubharmonicity
of the Poisson envelope on all manifolds. As a consequence, the Riesz envelope
and the Lelong envelope are plurisubharmonic on all manifolds; for the former,
we make use of new work of Edigarian. The basic theory of the three main
classes of disc functionals is thereby extended to all manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126208 </DOCNO>
First weak lensing results from the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey


  The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS) is a 100 square degree galaxy cluster
survey designed to provide a large sample of optically selected clusters of
galaxies with redshifts 0.1<z<1.4. The survey data are also useful for a
variety of lensing studies. Several strong lensing clusters have been
discovered so far, and follow up observations are underway. In these
proceedings we present some of the first results of a weak lensing analysis
based on 24 deg^2 of data. We have detected the lensing signal induced by large
scale structure (cosmic shear) at high significance, and find
sigma_8=0.79+-0.08 (for a CDM cosmology with Omega_m=0.3,\Omega_\Lambda=0.7,
h=0.7). Another application of these data is the study of the average
properties of dark matter halos surrounding galaxies. We study the lensing
signal from intermediate redshift galaxies with 19.5<R_C<21 using a
parameterised mass model for the galaxy mass distribution. The analysis yields
a mass weighted velocity dispersion of <sigma^2>^{1/2}= 111+-5 km/s. In
addition we have constrained for the first time the extent of dark matter
halos, and find a robust upper limit for the truncation parameter s<470 h^{-1}
kpc (99.7% confidence). A preliminary analysis also excludes a simple
``prediction'' of lensing according to Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) at
high confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2362 </DOCNO>
Mn-substitution effects on MgB2 superconductor


  Effects of magnetic impurity on the superconductivity has been investigated
in Mg1-xMnB2. With increase of Mn concentration x, the lattice constant c
(perpendicular to the boron sheet) decreases at a rate of -1.4 % (= dlnc/dx),
while a remains nearly unchanged. The transition temperature Tc steeply
decreases with $x$ at a rate of dTc/dx = - 159 K. These results suggest that
superconducting state of the parent MgB2 is amenable to the magnetic
impurities, i.e., Mn2+.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75561 </DOCNO>
Path Integral Treatment of Singular Problems and Bound States: Quantum


  A path-integral approach for the computation of quantum-mechanical
propagators and energy Green's functions is presented. Its effectiveness is
demonstrated through its application to singular interactions, with particular
emphasis on the inverse square potential--possibly combined with a
delta-function interaction. The emergence of these singular potentials as
low-energy nonrelativistic limits of quantum field theory is highlighted. Not
surprisingly, the analogue of ultraviolet regularization is required for the
interpretation of these singular problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149562 </DOCNO>
M-Theory on Spin(7) Manifolds


  We study M-theory on two classes of manifolds of Spin(7) holonomy that are
developing an isolated conical singularity. We construct explicitly a new class
of Spin(7) manifolds and analyse in detail the topology of the corresponding
classical spacetimes. We discover also an intricate interplay between various
anomalies in M-theory, string theory, and gauge theory within these models, and
in particular find a connection between half-integral G-fluxes in M-theory and
Chern-Simons terms of the N=1, D=3 effective theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75691 </DOCNO>
See-saw Mechanisms for Dirac and Majorana Neutrino Masses


  We investigate the see-saw mechanism for generally non-fine-tuned $n \times
n$ mass matrices involving both Dirac and Majorana neutrinos. We specifically
show that the number of naturally light neutrinos cannot exceed half of the
dimension of the considered mass matrix. Furthermore, we determine a criterion
for mass matrix textures leading to light Dirac neutrinos with the see-saw
mechanism. Especially, we study $4 \times 4$ and $6 \times 6$ mass matrix
textures and give some examples in order to highlight these types of textures.
Next, we present a model scheme based on non-Abelian and discrete symmetries
fulfilling the above mentioned criterion for light Dirac neutrinos. Finally, we
investigate the connection between symmetries and the invariants of a mass
matrix on a formal level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74158 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative hyperfine contribution to the $b_1$ and $h_1$ meson


  Due to the nonperturbative contribution to the hyperfine splitting the mass
of the $n^1P_1$ state is strongly correlated with the center of gravity $M_{\rm
cog}(n^3P_J)$ of the $n^3P_J$ multiplet: $M(n^1P_1)$ is less than $M_{\rm
cog}(n^3P_J)$ by about 40 MeV (20 MeV) for the 1P (2P) state. For $b_1(1235)$
the agreement with experiment is reached only if $a_0(980)$ belongs to the
$1^3P_J$ multiplet. The predicted mass of $b_1(2^1P_1)$ is $\approx 1620$ MeV.
For the isoscalar meson a correlation between the mass of $h_1$(1170)
$(h_1(1380))$ and $M_{cog}(1^3P_J)$ composed from light (strange) quarks also
takes place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95481 </DOCNO>
Hofer-Zehnder capacity and length minimizing Hamiltonian paths


  We use the criteria of Lalonde and McDuff to show that a path that is
generated by a generic autonomous Hamiltonian is length minimizing with respect
to the Hofer norm among all homotopic paths provided that it induces no
non-constant closed trajectories in M. This generalizes a result of Hofer for
symplectomorphisms of Euclidean space. The proof for general M uses Liu-Tian's
construction of S^1-invariant virtual moduli cycles. As a corollary, we find
that any semifree action of S^1 on M gives rise to a nontrivial element in the
fundamental group of the symplectomorphism group of M. We also establish a
version of the area-capacity inequality for quasicylinders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128444 </DOCNO>
A new, kinematically anomalous HI component in the spiral galaxy NGC


  We discuss new, high sensitivity HI observations of the spiral galaxy NGC2403
which show extended emission at anomalous velocities with respect to the `cold'
disk. This `anomalous' gas component (~1/10 of the total HI mass) is probably
located in the region of the halo and rotates more slowly (~20-50 km/s) than
the gas in the disk. Moreover, it shows a distortion in the velocity field that
we interpret as a large-scale radial motion (10-20 km/s inflow) towards the
centre of the galaxy. The most likely explanation for its origin and kinematics
seems to be that of a galactic fountain. There is, however, a significant part
of the anomalous gas which seems to be moving contrary to rotation and is
difficult to understand in such a picture. These anomalous gas complexes
discovered in NGC 2403 may be analogous to the High Velocity Clouds of our
Galaxy. They may be rather common in spiral galaxies and not have been detected
yet for lack of sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169538 </DOCNO>
Conservation laws, uncertainty relations, and quantum limits of


  The uncertainty relation between the noise operator and the conserved
quantity leads to a bound for the accuracy of general measurements. The bound
extends the assertion by Wigner, Araki, and Yanase that conservation laws limit
the accuracy of ``repeatable'', or ``nondisturbing'', measurements to general
measurements, and improves the one previously obtained by Yanase for spin
measurements. The bound also sets an obstacle to making a small quantum
computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126817 </DOCNO>
Multicolor Photometry of the Vela Pulsar


  Multicolor photometry of the Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45), updated by recent
HST/WFPC2 observations obtained in the 555W, 675W and 814W filters, is
presented. The available data provide the best characterization so far of the
pulsar spectral shape, which is dominated by a flat power law continuum with
spectral index \alpha = -0.2 +/- 0.2, consistent with the extrapolation in the
optical domain of the power law component of the X-ray spectrum detected by
Chandra. In addition, a marginally significant dip (~ 3 sigma) seems to be
present at about 6500 AA. Spectroscopic observations with the VLT, now in
progress, will undoubtly provide a much better assessment of the reality and
characteristics of this feature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128813 </DOCNO>
Detection of HI 21 cm-line absorption in the Warm Neutral Medium and in


  Using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, we have detected HI 21
cm-line absorption in the Warm Neutral Medium of the Galaxy toward the
extragalactic source 3C147. This absorption, at an LSR velocity of -29+/-4 km/s
with a full width at half maximum of 53+/-6 km/s, is associated with the
Perseus Arm of the Galaxy. The observed optical depth is (1.9+/-0.2)*10**(-3).
The estimated spin temperature of the gas is 3600+/-360 K. The volume density
is 0.4 per cc assuming pressure equilibrium. Toward two other sources, 3C273
and 3C295, no wide HI 21 cm-line absorption was detected. The highest of the
3sigma lower limits on the spin temperature of the Warm Neutral Medium is 2600
K. In addition, we have also detected HI 21 cm-line absorption from high
velocity clouds in the Outer Arm toward 3C147 and 3C380 at LSR velocities of
-117.3, -124.5 and -113.7 km/s respectively. We find two distinct temperature
components in the high velocity clouds with spin temperatures of greater than
1000 K and less than 200 K, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 604 </DOCNO>
A two-dimensional algorithm of the density matrix renormalization group


  We propose a new approach to implement the density matrix renormalization
group (DMRG) in two dimensions. With this approach the initial blocks of a L by
L lattice are built up directly from the matrix elements of a (L-1) by L-1)
lattice and the topological characteristics of two dimensional lattices is
preserved in the iteration of DMRG. By applying it to the spin-1/2 Heisenberg
model on both square and triangle lattices, we find that this approach is
significantly more efficient and accurate than other two-dimensional DMRG
methods currently in use.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 342 </DOCNO>
Generating ring currents, solitons, and svortices by stirring a


  We propose a simple stirring experiment to generate quantized ring currents
and solitary excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates in a toroidal trap
geometry. Simulations of the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation show that pure ring
current states can be generated efficiently by adiabatic manipulation of the
condensate, which can be realized on experimental time scales. This is
illustrated by simulated generation of a ring current with winding number two.
While solitons can be generated in quasi-1D tori, we show the even more robust
generation of hybrid, solitonic vortices (svortices) in a regime of wider
confinement. Svortices are vortices confined to essentially one-dimensional
dynamics, which obey a similar phase-offset--velocity relationship as solitons.
Marking the transition between solitons and vortices, svortices are a distinct
class of symmetry-breaking stationary and uniformly rotating excited solutions
of the 2D and 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation in a toroidal trapping potential.
Svortices should be observable in dilute-gas experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96683 </DOCNO>
ABS Algorithms for Linear Systems and Optimization


  We present a review and bibliography of the main results obtained during a
research on ABS (Abaffy, Broyden, Spedicato) methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169353 </DOCNO>
SO(3,2) structure and distributions of two-component Bose-Einstein


  The wave function describing two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with
weakly excitations has been found, by using the SO(3,2) algebraic mean-field
approximation. We show that the two-component modified BEC (see eq.(\ref{ga}))
possesses uniquely super-Poissonian distribution in a fixed magnetic field
along z-direction. The distribution will be uncertain, if B=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128523 </DOCNO>
Comparing Simulations and Observations of the Lyman-Alpha Forest I.


  We describe techniques for comparing spectra extracted from cosmological
simulations and observational data, using the same methodology to link
Lyman-alpha properties derived from the simulations with properties derived
from observational data. The eventual goal is to measure the coherence or
clustering properties of Lyman-alpha absorbers using observations of quasar
pairs and groups. We quantify the systematic underestimate in opacity that is
inherent in the continuum fitting process of observed spectra over a range of
resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. We present an automated process for
detecting and selecting absorption features over the range of resolution and
signal-to-noise of typical observational data on the Lyman-alpha "forest".
Using these techniques, we detect coherence over transverse scales out to 500
h^{-1}_{50} kpc in spectra extracted from a cosmological simulation at z = 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4022 </DOCNO>
The Pi Flux Phase, Magnetic Field Riddled (or Frustrated) XY Models,


  We prove the existence of a finite temperature Z_{2} phase transition for the
topological charge ordering the Fully Frustrated XY Model. Our method enables a
proof of the topological charge confinement within the conventional XY model
from a rather general vista. One of the complications that we will face is the
non-exact equivalence of the continuous (angular) XY model and its discrete
topological charge dual. In reality, the energy spectra of the various
topological sectors are highly nested much unlike that suggested by the
discrete dual models. We will be able to surmount these difficulties by
exploiting the Reflection Positivity symmetry that this periodic flux phase
model possesses. Models such as this have lately been suggested as toy systems
that naturally give rise to a nodal Fermi liquid like spectrum. Possible links
to magnetic groups are discussed. The techniques that will be used here may
also be applied to examine transitions associated with other topological
defects, e.g. the confinement of disclinations in the isotropic to nematic
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 455 </DOCNO>
Casimir and pseudo-Casimir interactions in confined polyelectrolytes


  We investigate the pseudo-Casimir force acting between two charged surfaces
confining a single polyelectrolyte chain with opposite charge. We expand the
exact free energy to the second order in the local electrostatic field as well
as the replicated polymer density field around the mean-field (saddle-point)
solution. The quadratic terms lead to a fluctuation interaction that is partly
due to the (thermal) Casimir effect for the confined electrostatic field and
partly due to the pseudo-Casimir effect due to the confined replicated polymer
density field. We study the intersurface separation dependence of both effects
and show that the pseudo-Casimir effect leads to a long range attraction
between the surfaces that decays with an anomalous algebraic exponent of $\sim
1.7$, smaller than the standard exponent of 2 in the case of Casimir
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95824 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative $\PP^1$-bundles over commutative schemes


  In this paper we give a new definition for non-commutative P^1-bundles over
commutative schemes. The main motivation for this is that every non-commutative
deformation of a Hirzebruch surface is given by a non-commutative P^1-bundle
over P^1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41718 </DOCNO>
Observation of Cabibbo-suppressed and W-exchange Lambda_c^+ baryon


  We present measurements of the Cabibbo-suppressed decays Lambda_c^+ -->
Lambda0 K+ and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma0 K+ (both first observations), Lambda_c^+
--> Sigma+ K+ pi- (seen with large statistics for the first time), Lambda_c^+
--> p K+ K- and Lambda_c^+ --> p phi (measured with improved accuracy).
Improved branching ratio measurements for the decays Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+
K- and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ phi, which are attributed to W-exchange diagrams,
are shown. We also present the first evidence for Lambda_c^+ --> Xi(1690)^0 K+
and set an upper limit on the non-resonant decay Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+ K-.
This analysis was performed using 32.6 fb^{-1} of data collected by the Belle
detector at the asymmetric e+ e- collider KEKB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7591 </DOCNO>
Raman Scattering of Metals to Very High Pressures


  We review recent development in Raman techniques and diamond anvil cell
technology, that allow measurements of Raman of metals in the megabar pressure
range. The Raman technique includes holographic transmission optics and
single-stage spectrographs with CCD array detectors. Use of synthetic
high-purity diamonds and anglular excitation geometry reduces spurious
background scattering substantially, which makes observable very weak Raman
peaks in metals. We give several examples of studies including the hexagonal
close packed (hcp) $\epsilon$-Fe, Fe$_{(1-x)}$Ni${_x}$, and Re and the recently
discovered high-temperature superconductor MgB$_2$. The shift of phonon modes
with pressure is used for determination of the mode-Gr\"uneisen parameters,
estimation of shear elastic moduli and provide information on structural and
electronic transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168232 </DOCNO>
K-quantum nonlinear coherent states: formulation, realization and


  We introduce a generalized class of states called K-quantum nonlinear
coherent states. Each K-state has K j-components corresponding to one and the
same eigenvalue. Each Kj-component can be composed of K K=1-states in a
correlated manner. The introduced states are shown to be realized in the
long-term behavior of the vibrational motion of an ion properly trapped and
laser-driven. Nonclassical properties of the states are studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 802 </DOCNO>
Effect of Spinless Impurities on Reduction of $T_c$ in High $T_c$


  The notion of a finite pairing interaction energy range suggested by Nam,
results in some states at the Fermi level not participating in pairings when
there are scattering centers such as impurities. The fact that not all states
at the Fermi level participate in pairing is shown to suppress $T_c$ in an
isotropic superconductor and destroy superconductivity. We have presented
quantitative calculations of $T_c$ reduced via spinless impurities, in good
agreements with data of Zn-doped YBCO and LSCO, respectively. It is not
necessary to have the anisotropic order parameter, to account for the
destruction of superconductivity via non-magnetic impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76356 </DOCNO>
Counting contact terms in $B\to V\gamma$ decays


  We clarify the origin and cancellation of contact terms in the weak
annihilation amplitudes contributing to $B\to V \gamma$. It is demonstrated
that the photon emission from the final-state quarks vanishes in the chiral
limit of massless quarks. The contact terms in the QCD light-cone sum rule
evaluation of the weak annihilation amplitudes are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1116 </DOCNO>
Cut-and-permute algorithm for self-avoiding walks in the presence of


  We present a dynamic nonlocal hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm consisting of
pivot and ``cut-and-permute'' moves. The algorithm is suitable for the study of
polymers in semiconfined geometries at the ordinary transition, where the pivot
algorithm exhibits quasi-ergodic problems. The dynamic properties of the
proposed algorithm are studied. The hybrid dynamics is ergodic and exhibits the
same optimal critical behavior of the pivot algorithm in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2579 </DOCNO>
Effect of phonon scattering by surface roughness on the universal


  The effect of phonon scattering by surface roughness on the thermal
conductance in mesoscopic systems at low temperatures is calculated using full
elasticity theory. The low frequency behavior of the scattering shows novel
power law dependences arising from the unusual properties of the elastic modes.
This leads to new predictions for the low temperature depression of the thermal
conductance below the ideal universal value. Comparison with the data of Schwab
et al. [Nature 404, 974 (2000)] suggests that surface roughness on a scale of
the width of the thermal pathway is important in the experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179739 </DOCNO>
K+/pi+ probes of jet quenching in AA collisions


  Non-abelian energy loss in quark gluon plasma is shown to lead to novel
hadron ratio suppression patterns in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. We
apply recent (GLV) estimates for the gluon radiative energy loss, which
increases linearly with the jet energy up to E<20 GeV and depends quadratically
on the nuclear radius, R. The K+/\pi+ ratio is found to be most sensitive to
the initial density of the plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113953 </DOCNO>
Feedback Systems for Linear Colliders


  Feedback systems are essential for stable operation of a linear collider,
providing a cost-effective method for relaxing tight tolerances. In the
Stanford Linear Collider (SLC), feedback controls beam parameters such as
trajectory, energy, and intensity throughout the accelerator. A novel dithering
optimization system which adjusts final focus parameters to maximize luminosity
contributed to achieving record performance in the 1997-98 run. Performance
limitations of the steering feedback have been investigated, and improvements
have been made. For the Next Linear Collider (NLC), extensive feedback systems
are planned as an intregal part of the design. Feedback requiremetns for JLC
(the Japanese Linear Collider) are essentially identical to NLC; some of the
TESLA requirements are similar but there are significant differences. For NLC,
algorithms which incorporate improvements upon the SLC implementation are being
prototyped. Specialized systems for the damping rings, rf and interaction point
will operate at high bandwidth and fast response. To correct for the motion of
individual bunches within a train, both feedforward and feedback systems are
planned. SLC experience has shown that feedback systems are an invaluable
operational tool for decoupling systems, allowing precision tuning, and
providing pulse-to-pulse diagnostics. Feedback systems for the NLC will
incorporate the key SLC features and the benefits of advancing technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6678 </DOCNO>
Symmetry Theory of the Anderson Transition


  We prove the Vollhardt and Wolfle hypothesis that the irreducible vertex
U_{kk'}(q) appearing in the Bethe--Salpeter equation contains a diffusion pole
(with the observable diffusion coefficient D(\omega,q)) in the limit k+k'\to 0.
The presence of a diffusion pole in U_{kk'}(q) makes it possible to represent
the quantum "collision operator" L as a sum of a singular operator L_{sing},
which has an infinite number of zero modes, and a regular operator L_{reg} of a
general form. Investigation of the response of the system to a change in
L_{reg} leads to a self-consistency equation, which replaces the rough
Vollhardt-Wolfle equation. Its solution shows that D(0,q) vanishes at the
transition point simultaneously for all q. The spatial dispersion of
D(\omega,q) at \omega \to 0 is found to be \sim 1 in relative units. It is
determined by the atomic scale, and it has no manifestations on the scale q
\sim \xi^{-1} associated with the correlation length \xi. The values obtained
for the critical exponent s of the conductivity and the critical exponent \nu
of the localization length in a d-dimensional space, s=1 (d>2) and \nu=1/(d-2)
(2<d<4), \nu=1/2 (d>4), agree with all reliably established results. With
respect to the character of the change in the symmetry, the Anderson transition
is found to be similar to the Curie point of an isotropic ferromagnet with an
infinite number of components. For such a magnet, the critical exponents are
known exactly and they agree with the exponents indicated above. This suggests
that the symmetry of the critical point has been established correctly and that
the exponents have been determined exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86200 </DOCNO>
The exceptional Jordan algebra and the matrix string


  A new matrix model is described, based on the exceptional Jordan algebra. The
action is cubic, as in matrix Chern-Simons theory. We describe a
compactification that, we argue, reproduces, at the one loop level, an
octonionic compactification of the matrix string theory in which SO(8) is
broken to G2. There are 27 matrix degrees of freedom, which under Spin(8)
transform as the vector, spinor and conjugate spinor, plus three singlets,
which represent the two longitudinal coordinates plus an eleventh coordinate.
Supersymmetry appears to be related to triality of the representations of
Spin(8).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168490 </DOCNO>
General Polarization Matrix of Electromagnetic Radiation


  A general form of the polarization matrix valid for any type of
electromagnetic radiation (plane waves, multipole radiation etc.) is defined in
terms of a certain bilinear form in the field-strength tensor. The quantum
counterpart is determined as an operator matrix with normal-ordered elements
with respect to the creation and annihilation operators. The zero-point
oscillations (ZPO) of polarization are defined via difference between the
anti-normal and normal ordered operator polarization matrices. It is shown that
ZPO of the multipole field are stronger than those described by the model of
plane waves and are concentrated in a certain neighborhood of a local source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86961 </DOCNO>
Note on flat foliations of spherically symmetric spacetimes


  It is known that spherically symmetric spacetimes admit flat spacelike
foliations. We point out a simple method of seeing this result via the
Hamiltonian constraints of general relativity. The method yields explicit
formulas for the extrinsic curvatures of the slicings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127270 </DOCNO>
The Metallicity of Redshift 0.5<z<1 Field Galaxies


  We are undertaking a program to measure emission line ratios in a selected
sample of $0.5 < z < 1.0$ CFRS starforming galaxies in order to compute their
Interstellar Medium metallicities. The latter are derived by means of the
empirically-calibrated $R_{23}$ estimator introduced by Pagel et al. (1979).
Here we focus on a subsample of 15 galaxies with $L_{H\beta} > 1.2 \times
10^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$. In addition to the optical CFHT spectra discussed in
Carollo & Lilly (2001), where a preliminary account of this work can be found,
in this paper we also refer to new $J$-band Keck spectroscopy of the $H\alpha$
and [NII]6583 lines for several objects. These lines allow us to break the
degeneracy between low ($\lta 0.1Z_\odot$) and high ($\gta 0.5Z_\odot$)
metallicity of the $R_{23}$ estimator, and put on solid ground the finding that
the $0.5 < z < 1.0$ blue galaxies in the high-$L_{H\beta}$ sample are
significantly metal-enriched ($Z \gta 0.3Z_\odot$ up to $Z_\odot$). Therefore,
our results do not support previous suggestions in which the $0.5 < z < 1.0$
starforming galaxies are dwarf galaxies brightened by large bursts of
star-formation, but support instead a picture where at least a significant
fraction of them evolves to become today's massive metal-rich systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149438 </DOCNO>
The conformal boundary states for SU(2) at level 1


  For the case of the SU(2) WZW model at level one, the boundary states that
only preserve the conformal symmetry are analysed. Under the assumption that
the usual Cardy boundary states as well as their marginal deformations are
consistent, the most general conformal boundary states are determined. They are
found to be parametrised by group elements in SL(2,C).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125688 </DOCNO>
Hypernova Nucleosynthesis and Galactic Chemical Evolution


  We study nucleosynthesis in 'hypernovae', i.e., supernovae with very large
explosion energies ($ \gsim 10^{52} $ ergs) for both spherical and aspherical
explosions. The hypernova yields compared to those of ordinary core-collapse
supernovae show the following characteristics: 1) Complete Si-burning takes
place in more extended region, so that the mass ratio between the complete and
incomplete Si burning regions is generally larger in hypernovae than normal
supernovae. As a result, higher energy explosions tend to produce larger [(Zn,
Co)/Fe], small [(Mn, Cr)/Fe], and larger [Fe/O], which could explain the trend
observed in very metal-poor stars. 2) Si-burning takes place in lower density
regions, so that the effects of $\alpha$-rich freezeout is enhanced. Thus
$^{44}$Ca, $^{48}$Ti, and $^{64}$Zn are produced more abundantly than in normal
supernovae. The large [(Ti, Zn)/Fe] ratios observed in very metal poor stars
strongly suggest a significant contribution of hypernovae. 3) Oxygen burning
also takes place in more extended regions for the larger explosion energy. Then
a larger amount of Si, S, Ar, and Ca ("Si") are synthesized, which makes the
"Si"/O ratio larger. The abundance pattern of the starburst galaxy M82 may be
attributed to hypernova explosions. Asphericity in the explosions strengthens
the nucleosynthesis properties of hypernovae except for "Si"/O. We thus suggest
that hypernovae make important contribution to the early Galactic (and cosmic)
chemical evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95488 </DOCNO>
A model for the quasi-static growth of a brittle fracture: existence and


  We give a precise mathematical formulation of a variational model for the
irreversible quasi-static evolution of a brittle fracture proposed by G.A.
Francfort and J.-J. Marigo, and based on Griffith's theory of crack growth. In
the two-dimensional case we prove an existence result for the quasi-static
evolution and show that the total energy is an absolutely continuous function
of time, although we can not exclude that the bulk energy and the surface
energy may present some jump discontinuities. This existence result is proved
by a time discretization process, where at each step a global energy
minimization is performed, with the constraint that the new crack contains all
cracks formed at the previous time steps. This procedure provides an effective
way to approximate the continuous time evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148909 </DOCNO>
Comment on Kaluza-Klein Spectrum of Gauge Fields in the Bigravity Model


  We study behavior of bulk gauge field in the bigravity model in which two
positive tension $AdS_4$ branes in $AdS_5$ bulk are included. We solve the
equations of motions for Kaluza-Klein modes and determine the mass spectrum. It
is shown that unlike the case of graviton, we find no ultralight Kaluza-Klein
modes in the spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1654 </DOCNO>
Andreev Bound States and Self-Consistent Gap Functions for SNS and SNSNS


  Andreev bound states in clean, ballistic SNS and SNSNS junctions are
calculated exactly and by using the Andreev approximation (AA). The AA appears
to break down for junctions with transverse dimensions chosen such that the
motion in the longitudinal direction is very slow. The doubly degenerate states
typical for the traveling waves found in the AA are replaced by two standing
waves in the exact treatment and the degeneracy is lifted.
  A multiple-scattering Green's function formalism is used, from which the
states are found through the local density of states. The scattering by the
interfaces in any layered system of ballistic normal metals and clean
superconducting materials is taken into account exactly. The formalism allows,
in addition, for a self-consistent determination of the gap function. In the
numerical calculations the pairing coupling constant for aluminum is used.
Various features of the proximity effect are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149233 </DOCNO>
Duality Cascade and Oblique Phases in Non-Commutative Open String Theory


  We investigate the complete phase diagram of the decoupled world-sheet theory
of (P,Q) strings. These theories include 1+1 dimensional super Yang-Mills
theory and non-commutative open string theory. We find that the system exhibits
a rich fractal phase structure, including a cascade of alternating
supergravity, gauge theory, and matrix string theory phases. The cascade
proceeds via a series of SL(2,Z) S-duality transformations, and depends
sensitively on P and Q. In particular, we find that the system may undergo
multiple Hagedorn-type transitions as the temperature is varied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149728 </DOCNO>
A Geometric Unification of Dualities


  We study the dynamics of a large class of N=1 quiver theories, geometrically
realized by type IIB D-brane probes wrapping cycles of local Calabi-Yau
threefolds. These include N=2 (affine) A-D-E quiver theories deformed by
superpotential terms, as well as chiral N=1 quiver theories obtained in the
presence of vanishing 4-cycles inside a Calabi-Yau. We consider the various
possible geometric transitions of the 3-fold and show that they correspond to
Seiberg-like dualities (represented by Weyl reflections in the A-D-E case or
`mutations' of bundles in the case of vanishing 4-cycles) or large N dualities
involving gaugino condensates (generalized conifold transitions). Also duality
cascades are naturally realized in these classes of theories, and are related
to the affine Weyl group symmetry in the A-D-E case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174858 </DOCNO>
Strange Particle Production from SIS to LHC


  >1A review of meson emission in heavy ion collisions at incident energies
from SIS up to collider energies is presented. A statistical model assuming
chemical equilibrium and local strangeness conservation (i.e. strangeness
conservation per collision) explains most of the observed features.
  Emphasis is put onto the study of $K^+$ and $K^-$ emission at low incident
energies. In the framework of this statistical model it is shown that the
experimentally observed equality of $K^+$ and $K^-$ rates at
``threshold-corrected'' energies $\sqrt{s} - \sqrt{s_{th}}$ is due to a
crossing of two excitation functions. Furthermore, the independence of the
$K^+$ to $K^-$ ratio on the number of participating nucleons observed between
SIS and RHIC is consistent with this model.
  It is demonstrated that the $K^-$ production at SIS energies occurs
predominantly via strangeness exchange and this channel is approaching chemical
equilibrium. The observed maximum in the $K^+/\pi^+$ excitation function is
also seen in the ratio of strange to non-strange particle production. The
appearance of this maximum around 30 $A\cdot$GeV is due to the energy
dependence of the chemical freeze-out parameters $T$ and $\mu_B$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76916 </DOCNO>
QCD Loop Corrections to Top Production and Decay at e^+ e^- Colliders


  We present a computation of QCD next-to-leading order virtual corrections to
the top production and decay process at linear colliders. The top quarks are
allowed to be off-shell and the production and decay subprocesses are treated
together, thus allowing for interference effects. The framework employed for
our computation is the double pole approximation (DPA). We describe the
implementation of this approximation for the top production and decay process
and compare it with the implementation of DPA for the evaluation of QED
corrections to the W pair production at LEP II. Similarities and differences
between the two cases are pointed out. One result of interest is the incomplete
cancelation of interference corrections. Other results include values for the
total NLO top production cross section, and the impact the nonfactorizable
(interference) corrections have on the top invariant mass distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72531 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous orbifold symmetry breaking and generation of mass hierarchy


  A very simple mechanism is proposed that stabilizes the orbifold geometry
within the context of the Randall-Sundrum proposal for solving the hierarchy
problem. The electroweak TeV scale is generated from the Planck scale by
spontaneous breaking of the orbifold symmetry

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6395 </DOCNO>
Spin precession in disordered systems: Anomalous relaxation due to heavy


  We investigate spin precession in the presence of randomly distributed field
sources. Their fields h_i reorient by thermally activated transitions and
decrease as r^{-mu} with the distance from the spin probe. Based on analytical
calculations and scaling arguments we find that the polarization decay of a
spin ensemble exhibits a rich behavior characterized by stretched
exponenentials and power laws with exponents depending on mu and the dimension
d. The anomalous relaxation laws result from heavy tailed local field
distributions and are verified by computer simulations. Implications for
experiments are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125695 </DOCNO>
The QUEST RR Lyrae Survey: Confirmation of the Clump at 50 kpc and Other


  We have measured the periods and light curves of 148 RR Lyrae variables from
V=13.5 to 19.7 from the first 100 sq. degrees of the QUEST RR Lyrae survey.
Approximately 55% of these stars belong to the clump of stars detected earlier
by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. According to our measurements, this feature
has ~10 times the background density of halo stars, spans at least 37.5 deg by
3.5 deg in right ascension and declination (>=30 by >=3 kpc), lies ~50 kpc from
the Sun, and has a depth along the line of sight of ~5 kpc (1 sigma). These
properties are consistent with the recent models that suggest it is a tidal
stream from the Sgr dSph galaxy. The mean period of the type ab variables, 0.58
d, is also consistent. In addition, we have found two smaller over-densities in
the halo, one of which may be related to the globular cluster Pal 5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96575 </DOCNO>
On the hypersurface orbital varieties of sl(N,C)


  We study the structure of hypersurface orbital varieties of sl(N,C) (those
that are hypersurfaces in the nilradical of some parabolic subalgebra) and how
information about this structure is encoded in the standard Young tableau
associated to it by the Robinson-Schensted algorithm. We present a conjecture
for the exact form of the unique non-linear defining equations of hypersurface
orbital varieties and proofs of the conjecture in certain cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149786 </DOCNO>
Deformation Quantization: Quantum Mechanics Lives and Works in


  Wigner's quasi-probability distribution function in phase-space is a special
(Weyl) representation of the density matrix. It has been useful in describing
quantum transport in quantum optics; nuclear physics; decoherence (eg, quantum
computing); quantum chaos; "Welcher Weg" discussions; semiclassical limits. It
is also of importance in signal processing.
  Nevertheless, a remarkable aspect of its internal logic, pioneered by Moyal,
has only emerged in the last quarter-century: It furnishes a third,
alternative, formulation of Quantum Mechanics, independent of the conventional
Hilbert Space, or Path Integral formulations. In this logically complete and
self-standing formulation, one need not choose sides--coordinate or momentum
space. It works in full phase-space, accommodating the uncertainty principle.
This is an introductory overview of the formulation with simple illustrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113625 </DOCNO>
Time resolved tracking of a sound scatterer in a turbulent flow:


  It is known that ultrasound techniques yield non-intrusive measurements of
hydrodynamic flows. For example, the study of the echoes produced by a large
number of particle insonified by pulsed wavetrains has led to a now standard
velocimetry technique. In this paper, we propose to extend the method to the
continuous tracking of one single particle embedded in a complex flow. This
gives a Lagrangian measurement of the fluid motion, which is of importance in
mixing and turbulence studies. The method relies on the ability to resolve in
time the Doppler shift of the sound scattered by the continuously insonfied
particle. 
  For this signal processing problem two classes of approaches are used:
time-frequency analysis and parametric high resolution methods. In the first
class we consider the spectrogram and reassigned spectrogram, and we apply it
to detect the motion of a small bead settling in a fluid at rest. In more
non-stationary turbulent flows where methods in the second class are more
robust, we have adapted an Approximated Maximum Likelihood technique coupled
with a generalized Kalman filter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129438 </DOCNO>
Strong Gravitational Lensing Time Delay Statistics and the Density


  The distribution of differential time delays \Delta t between images produced
by strong gravitational lensing contains information on the mass distributions
in the lensing objects as well as on cosmological parameters such as H_0. We
derive an explicit expression for the conditional probability distribution
function of time delays P(\Delta t|\theta), given an image separation between
multiple images \theta, and related statistics. We consider lensing halos
described by the singular isothermal sphere (SIS) approximation and by its
generalization as proposed by Navarro, Frenk, & White (NFW) which has a density
profile \rho \propto r^{-\alpha} in the innermost region. The time delay
distribution is very sensitive to these profiles; steeper inner slopes tend to
produce larger time delays. For example, if H_0=70 km/s/Mpc, a
\Lambda-dominated cosmology and a source redshift z_S=1.27 are assumed, lenses
with \theta=5'' produce a time delay of \Delta t[yr]=1.5^{+1.7}_{-0.9},
0.39^{+0.37}_{-0.22}, 0.15^{+0.11}_{-0.09}, and 0.071^{+0.054}_{-0.038} (50%
confidence interval), for SIS, generalized NFW with \alpha=1.5, \alpha=1.0, and
\alpha=0.5, respectively. At a fixed image separation, the time delay is
determined by the difference in the lensing potential between the position of
the two images, which typically occur at different impact parameters. Although
the values of \Delta t are proportional to the inverse of H_0, P(\Delta
t|\theta) is rather insensitive to all other cosmological model parameters,
source redshifts, magnification biases and so on. A knowledge of P(\Delta
t|\theta) will also be useful in designing the observing program of future
large scale synoptic variability surveys and for evaluating possible selection
biases operating against large splitting lens systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75475 </DOCNO>
Complete electroweak matching for radiative B decays


  We compute the complete two-loop O(alpha) Wilson coefficients relevant for
radiative decays of the B meson in the SM. This is a necessary step in the
calculation of the O(alpha alpha_s^n ln^n m_b/M_W) corrections and improves on
our previous analysis of electroweak effects in B -> X_s gamma. We describe in
detail several interesting technical aspects of the calculation and include all
dominant QED matrix elements. In our final result, we neglect only terms
originated from the unknown O(alpha alpha_s) evolution of the Wilson
coefficients and some suppressed two-loop matrix elements. Due to the
compensation among different effects, we find that non-trivial electroweak
corrections decrease the branching ratio by about 3.6% for a light Higgs boson,
very close to our previous result. The corresponding up-to-date SM prediction
for the branching ratio with E_gamma > 1.6 GeV is (3.61 +- 0.30) x 10^-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128067 </DOCNO>
Substructure in CDM Halos and the Heating of Stellar Disks


  Numerical simulations have revealed the presence of long-lived substructure
in Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halos. These surviving cores of past merger and
accretion events vastly outnumber the known satellites of the Milky Way. This
finding has prompted suggestions that substructure in cold dark matter (CDM)
halos may be incompatible with observation and in conflict with the presence of
thin, dynamically fragile stellar disks. N-body simulations of a
disk/bulge/halo model of the Milky Way that includes several hundred dark
matter satellites with masses, densities and orbits derived from
high-resolution cosmological CDM simulations indicate that substructure plays
only a minor dynamical role in the heating of the disk. This is because the
orbits of satellites seldom take them near the disk, where their tidal effects
are greatest. We conclude that substructure might not preclude virialized CDM
halos from being acceptable hosts of thin stellar disks like that of the Milky
Way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150084 </DOCNO>
Adelic Quantum Mechanics: Nonarchimedean and Noncommutative Aspects


  We present a short review of adelic quantum mechanics pointing out its
non-Archimedean and noncommutative aspects. In particular, $p$-adic path
integral and adelic quantum cosmology are considered. Some similarities between
$p$-adic analysis and q-analysis are noted. The $p$-adic Moyal product is
introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73278 </DOCNO>
Neutrino-Lepton Masses, Zee Scalars and Muon g-2


  Evidence for neutrino oscillations is pointing to the existence of tiny but
finite neutrino masses. Such masses may be naturally generated via radiative
corrections in models such as the Zee model where a singlet Zee-scalar plays a
key role. We minimally extend the Zee model by including a right-handed singlet
neutrino \nu_R. The radiative Zee-mechanism can be protected by a simple U(1)_X
symmetry involving only the \nu_R and a Zee-scalar. We further construct a
class of models with a single horizontal U(1)_FN (a la Frogatt-Nielsen) such
that the mass patterns of the neutrinos and leptons are naturally explained. We
then analyze the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and the flavor changing
\mu --> e\gamma decay. The \nu_R interaction in our minimal extension is found
to induce the BNL g-2 anomaly, with a light charged Zee-scalar of mass 100-300
GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75032 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Corrections to the Charged Higgs Boson Decay into Chargino


  The electroweak corrections to the partial widths of the $H^+ \to
\tilde{\chi}^+_i \tilde{\chi}_j^0 (i=1,j=1,2)$ decays including one-loop
diagrams of the third generation quarks and squarks, are investigated within
the Supersymmetric Standard Model. The relative corrections can reach the
values about 10%, therefore they should be taken into account for the precise
experimental measurement at future colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74479 </DOCNO>
Global oscillation analysis of solar neutrino data with helioseismically


  A seismic model for the Sun calculated using the accurate helioseismic data
predicts a lower $^{8}{B}$ neutrino flux as compared to the standard solar
model (SSM). However, there persists a discrepancy between the predicted and
measured neutrino fluxes and it seems necessary to invoke neutrino oscillations
to explain the measurements. In this work, we have performed a global, unified
oscillation analysis of the latest solar neutrino data (including the results
of SNO charged current rate) using the seismic model fluxes as theoretical
predictions. We determine the best-fit values of the neutrino oscillation
parameters and the $\chi^2_{\mathrm min}$ for both $\nu_e-\nu_{\mathrm active}$
and $\nu_e -\nu_{\mathrm sterile}$ cases and present the allowed parameter
regions in the $\Delta m^2 - \tan^2 \theta$ plane for $\nu_e-\nu_{\mathrm
active}$ transition. The results are compared with those obtained using the
latest SSM by Bahcall and his collaborators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127144 </DOCNO>
Polarimetric variations of binary stars. II. Numerical simulations for


  We present numerical simulations of the periodic polarimetric variations
produced by a binary star placed at the center of an empty spherical cavity
inside a circumbinary ellipsoidal and optically thin envelope made of dust
grains. Mie single-scattering is considered along with pre- and post-scattering
extinction factors which produce a time-varying optical depth and affect the
morphology of the periodic variations. We are interested in the effects that
various parameters will have on the average polarization, the amplitude of the
polarimetric variations, and the morphology of the variability. We show that
the absolute amplitudes of the variations are smaller for Mie scattering than
for Thomson scattering. Among the four grain types that we have studied, the
highest polarizations are produced by grains with sizes in the range 0.1-0.2
micron. In general, the variations are seen twice per orbit. In some cases,
because spherical dust grains have an asymmetric scattering function, the
polarimetric curves produced also show variations seen once per orbit.
Circumstellar disks produce polarimetric variations of greater amplitude than
circumbinary envelopes.
  Another goal of these simulations is to see if the 1978 BME (Brown, McLean, &
Emslie, ApJ, 68, 415) formalism, which uses a Fourier analysis of the
polarimetric variations to find the orbital inclination for Thomson-scattering
envelopes, can still be used for Mie scattering. We find that this is the case,
if the amplitude of the variations is sufficient and the true inclinations is
i_true > 45 deg. For eccentric orbits, the first-order coefficients of the
Fourier fit, instead of second-order ones, can be used to find almost all
inclinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81191 </DOCNO>
Chiral properties of domain-wall fermions from eigenvalues of 4


  We investigate chiral properties of the domain-wall fermion (DWF) system by
using the four-dimensional hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator. We first derive a
formula which connects a chiral symmetry breaking term in the five dimensional
DWF Ward-Takahashi identity with the four dimensional Wilson-Dirac operator,
and simplify the formula in terms of only the eigenvalues of the operator,
using an ansatz for the form of the eigenvectors. For a given distribution of
the eigenvalues, we then discuss the behavior of the chiral symmetry breaking
term as a function of the fifth dimensional length. We finally argue the chiral
property of the DWF formulation in the limit of the infinite fifth dimensional
length, in connection with spectra of the hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator in
the infinite volume limit as well as in the finite volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125091 </DOCNO>
A two-phase model for the Narrow Line Region of NGC 4151


  NGC 4151 is one of the brightest and best-studied Seyfert galaxies. Here, we
present a two-phase model of the narrow-line region (NLR) of NGC 4151. This
study is motivated by (i) the fact that the X-ray spectrum of NGC 4151 is among
the flattest known for Seyferts, and (ii) the recent Chandra detection of an
X-ray narrow-line region in this galaxy. X-ray spectra as flat as that of NGC
4151 (Gamma_x = -1.5) are expected to favor the presence of two gas phases in
pressure equilibrium (Krolik, McKee & Tarter 1981). In the present study, we
show that a pronounced two-phase equilibrium develops in the extended
emission-line region if we use the observed multi-wavelength spectrum of NGC
4151 to ionize the clouds. The material is stable to isobaric perturbations
over a wide range of temperatures. We therefore propose that such a condition
has arisen in the NLR of NGC 4151, and that it explains the detection of hot,
extended X-ray gas which we identify as the NLR-cloud confining medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41053 </DOCNO>
Electroweak data and Standard Model Fit Results


  Most recent tests of the Standard Model of the electroweak interaction are
reported using data from the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL,
the SLD experiment at SLC, the Tevatron ppbar experiments CDF and D0, and the
NuTeV neutrino experiment. Consistency of the Standard Model is studied. The
value of the Higgs mass is inferred from a global fit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98839 </DOCNO>
The representation category of the quantum group of a non-degenerate


  We show that the representation category of the quantum group of a
non-degenerate bilinear form is monoidally equivalent to the representation
category of the quantum group SL_q(2), for a well chosen non-zero parameter q.
The main ingredient for the proof of this result is the direct and explicit
construction of an appropriate Hopf bigalois extension. Then we get, in
characteristic zero, a full description of cosemisimple Hopf algebras whose
representation semi-ring is isomorphic to the one of SL(2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150046 </DOCNO>
The origin of noncommutativity?


  Consistent boundary Poisson structures for open string theory coupled to
background $B$-field are considered using the new approach proposed in
hep-th/0111005. It is found that there are infinitely many consistent Poisson
structures, each leads to a consistent canonical quantization of open string in
the presence of background $B$-field. Consequently, whether the $D$-branes to
which the open string end points are attached is noncommutative or not depends
on the choice of a particular Poisson structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74412 </DOCNO>
What is the (epsilon'/epsilon)_exp Telling Us ?


  Nature might be kinder than previously thought as far as epsilon'/epsilon is
concerned. We show that the recently obtained experimental value for
epsilon'/epsilon does not require sizeable 1/N and isospin-breaking
corrections. We propose to display the theoretical results for epsilon'/epsilon
in a (P^{1/2}, P^{3/2}) plane in which the experimental result is represented
by a (epsilon'/epsilon)_exp-path. This should allow to exhibit transparently
the role of 1/N and isospin-breaking corrections in different calculations of
epsilon'/epsilon. From now on theorists are allowed to walk only along this
(epsilon'/epsilon)_exp-path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3550 </DOCNO>
Lattice Glass Models


  Motivated by the concept of geometrical frustration, we introduce a class of
statistical mechanics lattice models for the glass transition. Monte Carlo
simulations in three dimensions show that they display a dynamical glass
transition which is very similar to that observed in other off-lattice systems
and which does not depend on a specific dynamical rule. Whereas their analytic
solution within the Bethe approximation shows that they do have a discontinuous
glass transition compatible with the numerical observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179553 </DOCNO>
Contact pairing interaction for the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations


  Properties of density-dependent contact pairing interactions in nuclei are
discussed. It is shown that the pairing interaction that is intermediate
between surface and volume pairing forces gives the pairing gaps that are
compatible with the experimental odd-even mass staggering. Results of the
deformed Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations for this `mixed' pairing
interaction, and using the transformed harmonic oscillator basis, are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6846 </DOCNO>
Theory of Incoherent Nuclear Inelastic Resonant Scattering of


  The theory of incoherent nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation
accompanied by absorption or emission of phonons in a crystal lattice is
developed. The theory is based on the Maxwell's equations and time-dependent
quantum mechanics under the condition of incoherent scattering of radiation by
various nuclei. A concept of coherence in scattering processes, properties of
the synchrotron radiation, and conditions of measurement are discussed. We show
that employing the monochromator with a narrow bandwidth plays a decisive role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83772 </DOCNO>
Links tell us about lexical and semantic Web content


  The latest generation of Web search tools is beginning to exploit hypertext
link information to improve ranking\cite{Brin98,Kleinberg98} and
crawling\cite{Menczer00,Ben-Shaul99etal,Chakrabarti99} algorithms. The hidden
assumption behind such approaches, a correlation between the graph structure of
the Web and its content, has not been tested explicitly despite increasing
research on Web topology\cite{Lawrence98,Albert99,Adamic99,Butler00}. Here I
formalize and quantitatively validate two conjectures drawing connections from
link information to lexical and semantic Web content. The clink-content
conjecture states that a page is similar to the pages that link to it, i.e.,
one can infer the lexical content of a page by looking at the pages that link
to it. I also show that lexical inferences based on link cues are quite
heterogeneous across Web communities. The link-cluster conjecture states that
pages about the same topic are clustered together, i.e., one can infer the
meaning of a page by looking at its neighbours. These results explain the
success of the newest search technologies and open the way for more dynamic and
scalable methods to locate information in a topic or user driven way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75040 </DOCNO>
Particle Candidates of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays


  We discuss candidates for trans-GZK cosmic rays observed in a variety of
detectors. Three types of primaries are represented among the abstracts
submitted to this meeting: neutrin os causing a Z-burst, protons arising from
the decay of ultra-heavy metastable particles and neutrinos within the
framework of low scale string-like models of unification. We attempt to
evaluate the relative merits of these schemes. No definite conclusion can be
reached at this time. However, we point out that some schemes are more
credible/predictive than others. Data to be gathered by the Pierre Auger
observatories as well as orbiting detectors (OWL, Airwatch...) should be able
to decide between the various schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74469 </DOCNO>
B -> K eta(') decay in perturbative QCD


  We compute B->K eta' branching ratio using perturbative QCD approach. We show
that a triangular relation among amplitudes for B^0->K^0 pi^0, B^0->K^0 eta,
B^0->K^0 eta' receives large corrections from SU(3) breaking effects. If
experimental value will come closer to the lower limit of the present BELLE
data there will be a possibility to understand the large branching ratio of
B^0->K^0 eta'. Otherwise, we perhaps need to modify our understanding of eta'
meson, for example, inclusion of a possible admixture of gluonium state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6591 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Study of the Nucleation Process during Zeolite Synthesis


  An atomic-scale model for silicate solutions is introduced for investigation
of the nucleation process during zeolite synthesis in the absence of a
structure directing agent. Monte Carlo schemes are developed to determine the
equilibrium distribution of silicate cluster sizes within the context of this
model. How the nucleation barrier and critical cluster size change with Si
monomer concentration is discussed. Distance and angle histograms as well as
ring size distributions are calculated and compared with known zeolite
structures. The free energies of critical clusters are compared with those for
small clusters of alpha-quartz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96152 </DOCNO>
On the cardinality of the set of the real numbers


  It is shown that any denumerable list L to which Cantor's diagonal method was
applied is incomplete. However, this doesn't allow us to affirm that the
cardinality of the real numbers of the interval [0, 1] is greater than the
cardinality of the finite natural numbers. Paper withdrawn (its essential part
is included in the version 3 of math.GM/0108119).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129592 </DOCNO>
The 3-point function in the large scale structure: I. The weakly


  This paper presents a comparison of the predictions for the 2 and 3-point
correlation functions of density fluctuations, xi_2 and xi_3, in gravitational
perturbation theory (PT) against large Cold Dark Matter (CDM) simulations. This
comparison is made possible for the first time on large weakly non-linear
scales (>10 Mpc/h) thanks to the development of a new algorithm to estimate
correlation functions for millions of points in only a few minutes. Previous
studies in the literature comparing the PT predictions of the 3-point
statistics to simulations have focused mostly on Fourier space, angular space
or smoothed fields. Results in configuration space, such as the ones presented
here, were limited to small scales were leading order PT gives a poor
approximation. Here we also propose and apply a method for separating the first
and subsequent orders contributions to PT by combining different output times
from the evolved simulations. We find that in all cases there is a regime were
simulations do reproduce the leading order (tree-level) predictions of PT for
the reduced 3-point function Q_3 ~ xi_3/ xi_2^2. For steeply decreasing
correlations (such as the standard CDM model) deviations from the tree-level
results are important even at relatively large scales, ~ 20 Mpc/h. On larger
scales xi_2 goes to zero and the results are dominated by sampling errors. In
more realistic models (like the Lambda CDM cosmology) deviations from the
leading order PT become important at smaller scales ~ 10 Mpc/h, although this
depends on the particular 3-point configuration. (abridge)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179213 </DOCNO>
Medium effects in the production and pi0 gamma decay of omega-mesons in


  The omega-resonance production and its pi0 gamma decay in p-A reactions close
to threshold is considered within the Intranuclear Cascade (INC) Model. The pi0
gamma invariant mass distribution shows two components which correspond to the
omega decay 'inside' and 'outside' the nucleus, respectively. The 'inside'
component is distorted by medium effects, which introduce a mass shift as well
as collisional broadening for the omega-meson and its decaying pion. The
relative contribution of the 'inside' component is analyzed in detail for
different kinematical conditions and nuclear targets. It is demonstrated that a
measurement of the correlation in azimuthal angle between the pi0 and gamma
momenta allows to separate events related to the 'inside' omega decay from
different sources of background when uncorrelated pi0's and gamma's are
produced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75629 </DOCNO>
Problems with lattice methods for electroweak preheating


  Recently Garcia Bellido et. al. have proposed that electroweak baryogenesis
may occur at the end of inflation, in a scenario where the reheat temperature
is too low for electroweak symmetry restoration. I show why the scenario is
difficult to test reliably by classical field techniques on the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98663 </DOCNO>
U(1)-invariant special Lagrangian 3-folds II. Existence of singular


  This is the second of three papers studying special Lagrangian 3-submanifolds
N in C^3 invariant under the U(1)-action (z_1,z_2,z_3) --> (gz_1,g^{-1}z_2,z_3)
for unit complex numbers g, using analytic methods. If N is such a 3-fold then
|z_1|^2-|z_2|^2=2a on N for some real number a. Locally, N can be written as a
kind of graph of functions u,v : R^2 --> R which satisfy a nonlinear
Cauchy-Riemann equation depending on a, so that u(x,y)+iv(x,y) is a bit like a
holomorphic function of x+iy.
  The first paper math.DG/0111324 studied the case when a is nonzero. Then u,v
are smooth and N is nonsingular. It proved existence and uniqueness for
solutions of two Dirichlet problems derived from the equations on u,v. This
implied existence and uniqueness for a large class of nonsingular
U(1)-invariant special Lagrangian 3-folds in C^3, with boundary conditions.
  In this paper and its sequel we focus on the case a=0. Then the nonlinear
Cauchy-Riemann equation is not always elliptic. Because of this there may be
points (x,0) where u,v are not differentiable, corresponding to singular points
of N. This paper is concerned largely with technical analytic issues, and the
sequel with the geometry of the singularities of N.
  We prove a priori estimates for derivatives of solutions of the nonlinear
Cauchy-Riemann equation, and use them to prove existence and uniqueness of weak
solutions to the two Dirichlet problems when a=0. We study the regularity of
the corresponding solutions u,v of the nonlinear Cauchy-Riemann equation, and
show they are continuous and weakly differentiable. This gives existence and
uniqueness for a large class of singular U(1)-invariant special Lagrangian
3-folds in C^3, with boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168497 </DOCNO>
Thermal entanglement in three-qubit Heisenberg models


  We study pairwise thermal entanglement in three-qubit Heisenberg models and
obtain analytic expressions for the concurrence. We find that thermal
entanglement is absent from both the antiferromagnetic $XXZ$ model, and the
ferromagnetic $XXZ$ model with anisotropy parameter $\Delta\ge 1$. Conditions
for the existence of thermal entanglement are discussed in detail, as is the
role of degeneracy and the effects of magnetic fields on thermal entanglement
and the quantum phase transition. Specifically, we find that the magnetic field
can induce entanglement in the antiferromagnetic $XXX$ model, but cannot induce
entanglement in the ferromagnetic $XXX$ model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174673 </DOCNO>
Elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 130 GeV


  We report the elliptic flow of charged and identified particles at
mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=130$ GeV using the STAR
TPC at RHIC. The integrated elliptic flow signal, $v_2$, for charged particles
reaches values of about 0.06, indicating a higher degree of thermalization than
at lower energies. The differential elliptic flow signal, $v_2$($p_t$) up to
1.5 GeV/$c$, shows a behavior expected from hydrodynamic model calculations.
Above 1.5 GeV/$c$, the data deviate from the hydro predictions; however the
$v_2$($p_t$) is still large, suggesting finite asymmetry for the products of
hard scattering. For the identified particles, elliptic flow as a function of
$p_t$ and centrality differ significantly for particles of different masses.
This dependence can be accounted for in hydrodynamic models, indicating that
the system created shows a behavior consistent with collective hydrodynamical
flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168636 </DOCNO>
Simulating Arbitrary Pair-Interactions by a Given Hamiltonian:


  We use an n-spin system with permutation symmetric zz-interaction for
simulating arbitrary pair-interaction Hamiltonians. The calculation of the
required time overhead is mathematically equivalent to a separability problem
of n-qubit density matrices. We derive lower and upper bounds in terms of
chromatic index and the spectrum of the interaction graph. The complexity
measure defined by such a computational model is related to gate complexity and
a continuous complexity measure introduced in a former paper. We use
majorization of graph spectra for classifying Hamiltonians with respect to
their computational power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83845 </DOCNO>
Standardization versus Coverage in Wireless Telephone Networks


  The issue of market-based versus mandated standards has been addressed in
many settings. In most settings in which network effects are present,
compatibility across platforms has been a key determinant of the success or
failure of a particular technology. In the case of wireless telecommunications,
however, interconnection and the availability of the relevant infrastructure
can be a substitute for compatibility.
  In this paper, we examine the tradeoff between mandated standards and
interconnection. We first provide institutional background; we then empirically
examine whether, other things being equal, penetration rates were lower (or
higher) for countries with multiple incompatible digital standards. We finally
discuss the implications of our results for the current debate about 3G
standards, in which CDMA2000, which is backed mainly by US firms, competes with
WCDMA, which is backed by the European Community.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6359 </DOCNO>
Micro-SQUID characteristics


  We report on the dependence on field and temperature of the critical current
of micro-SQUIDs: SQUIDs with diameters as small as 1 micron, using Dayem
bridges as weak links. We model these SQUIDs by solving the Ginzburg-Landau
equations with appropriate boundary conditions to obtain the supercurrent-phase
relationships. These solutions show that the phase drops and depression of the
order parameter produced by supercurrent flow are often distributed throughout
the micro-SQUID structure, rather than being localized in the bridge area, for
typical micro-SQUID geometries and coherence lengths. The resultant highly
non-sinusoidal current-phase relationships $I_c(\phi)$ lead to reduced
modulation depths and triangular dependences of the micro-SQUID critical
currents on applied magnetic flux $I_c(\Phi)$. Our modelling agrees well with
our measurements on both Al and Nb micro-SQUIDs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73480 </DOCNO>
Characteristic predictions of topological soliton models


  The characteristic predictions of chiral soliton models - the Skyrme model
and its extentions - are discussed. The chiral soliton models prediction of
dibaryon states with masses below NN-pion threshold is in qualitative agreement
with recent evidence for the existence of narrow dibaryons in reactions of
inelastic proton scattering on deuterons and two-photon radiation in
proton-proton scattering. The connection between isovector magnetic momentum
operator and mixed tensor of inertia of multiskyrmion, as well as between
isoscalar magnetic momentum and orbital tensor of inertia valid for skyrmions
with any B-numbers allows to estimate the electromagnetic decay widths of some
states of interest. Another kind of predictions are multibaryons with
nontrivial flavour - strangeness, charm or bottom, which can be found, in
particular, in high energy heavy ions collisions. It is shown that the large B
multiskyrmions given by rational map ansaetze can be described reasonably well
within the domain wall approximation, or as spherical bubble with energy and
baryon number density concentrated at its boundary. A simple formula is
obtained describing the masses of known RM multiskyrmions with good accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149692 </DOCNO>
Chiral anomalies in noncommutative gauge theories


  Using cohomological methods we discuss several issues related to chiral
anomalies in noncommutative U(N) YM theories in any even dimension. We show
that for each dimension there is only one solution of the WZ consistency
condition and that there cannot be any reducible anomaly, nor any mixed anomaly
when the gauge group is a product group. We also clarify some puzzling aspects
of the issue of the anomaly when chiral fermions are in the adjoint
representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128878 </DOCNO>
The properties of the X-ray holes in the intracluster medium of the


  High resolution X-ray and low frequency radio imaging now allow us to examine
in detail the interaction and physical properties of the radio source 3C84 and
the surrounding thermal gas. The radiative and dynamical properties of the
inner X-ray holes, which coincide with the radio lobes, indicate that the ratio
of the energy factor k and filling factor f is in the range 180<k/f<500. We
define k to be the ratio of the total particle energy to that of the electrons
radiating above a fiducial frequency of 10MHz. The relativistic plasma and
magnetic field are not in equipartition, since the field must be a factor of 4
or more lower than required for pressure balance. Unexpected steep-spectrum
spurs in the low-frequency radio maps point to outer X-ray holes, which are
plausibly buoyant old radio lobes. The evidence that the inner lobes are
currently expanding subsonically, yet have not detached due to buoyancy, and
the requirement that the synchrotron cooling time must exceed the age of the
hole, enable us to constrain the jet power of the nucleus to between 10^44 and
10^45 ergps, depending on the filling factor of the relativistic plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73855 </DOCNO>
Reproducing Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies with mixed


  Recently high quality data of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies
have been published. In this work we study to which extent the cosmological
parameters determined by using this data depend on assumptions about the
initial conditions. We show that for generic initial conditions, not only the
best fit values are very different but, and this is our main result, the
allowed parameter range enlarges dramatically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5237 </DOCNO>
Numerical Determination of the Distribution of Energies for the XY-model


  We compute numerically the distribution of energies W(E,N) for the XY-model
with short-range and long-range interactions. We find that in both cases the
distribution can be fitted to the functional form: W(E,N) ~ exp(N f(E,N)), with
f(E,N) an intensive function of the energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72825 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity to sgoldstino states at the future linear $e^+e^-$ and


  Sensitivity to the supersymmetric scalar states $\phi$ at the future linear
$e^+e^-$ and photon colliders is discussed. In particular it is illustrated a
search strategy for massive sgoldstinos, the supersymmetric partners of the
goldstino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6062 </DOCNO>
Phase separation due to quantum mechanical correlations


  Can phase separation be induced by strong electron correlations? We present a
theorem that affirmatively answers this question in the Falicov-Kimball model
away from half-filling, for any dimension. In the ground state the itinerant
electrons are spatially separated from the classical particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128312 </DOCNO>
Stratified disks are locally stable


  Notwithstanding recent claims by Richard et al., there is no linear
hydrodynamic instability of axisymmetrically stable disks in the local limit.
We prove this by means of an exact stability analysis of an unbounded
incompressible flow having constant stratification and constant shear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72750 </DOCNO>
Extra neutral gauge bosons and Higgs bosons in an E_6-based model


  Extra neutral gauge bosons and Higgs bosons in an effective low-energy
$SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_I \times U(1)_Y \times U(1)_{Y^{\prime}}$ model, which is
a subgroup of $E_6$, are studied. $SU(2)_I$ is a subgroup of $SU(3)_R$ and
commutes with the electric charge operator, so the three corresponding gauge
bosons are neutral. Electroweak precision experiments are used to put
constraints on masses of the extra neutral gauge bosons and on the mixings
between them and the ordinary Z boson, including constraints arising from a
proposed measurment of the weak charge of the proton at Jefferson Lab. Bounds
on and relationships of masses of Higgs bosons in the supersymmetric version of
the model are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98461 </DOCNO>
Approximating L^2-signatures by their compact analogues


  :Let G be a group together with an descending nested sequence of normal
subgroups G=G_0, G_1, G_2 G_3, ... of finite index [G:G_k] such the
intersection of the G_k-s is the trivial group. Let (X,Y) be a compact
4n-dimensional Poincare' pair and p: (\bar{X},\bar{Y}) \to (X,Y) be a
G-covering, i.e. normal covering with G as deck transformation group. We get
associated $G/_k$-coverings (X_k,Y_k) \to (X,Y). We prove that
sign^{(2)}(\bar{X},\bar{Y}) = lim_{k\to\infty} \frac{sign(X_k,Y_k)}{[G : G_k]},
where sign or sign^{(2)} is the signature or L^2-signature, respectively, and
the convergence of the right side for any such sequence (G_k)_k is part of the
statement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114344 </DOCNO>
FEL injector control system on the base of EPICS


  The control system of the 1.5 MeV FEL injector is built on the base of ported
EPICS. It uses low-cost hardware: personal computers with the processor Intel
x86 and CAMAC equipment produced by our institute. At present time, the
distributed control system includes one Pentium at OPerator Interface (OPI)
level and two IOC (Input Output Controllers) under supervision of the real time
operating system LynxOS/x86 at the low-level. Each IOC is used for monitoring
of autonomous parts of the injector. The first IOC operates the Radio Frequency
(RF) system. The second IOC operates the injector equipment

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125258 </DOCNO>
Cold Gas Kinematics in an L* Spiral Galaxy at z=0.437: The Nature of


  Westerbork Radio Synthesis Telescope observations of the redshifted 21cm line
absorber against the z_em = 0.871 double lobed quasar 3C196 show that the
intervening absorber is an L approximately equal L* spiral galaxy (3C196-G1)
and that the absorbing layer of cold gas extends to radii of at least 30
h_50^-1 kpc. The new data solve several long standing puzzles about this system
by (1) discovering a second 21cm absorption feature, corresponding to
absorption against the NE lobe of the background radio source and (2) spatially
``resolving'' the two absorption features to isolate the absorption along the
two lines of sight to the opposing radio lobes. These findings resolve the
disagreement in redshift between the UV metal and 21cm lines, and as well as
demonstrating that the neutral layer does absorb both lobes of the background
radio source. Simple kinematic models with an inclined, rotating gas disk match
the observed 21cm profile and are also compatible with both the redshift and
velocity spread of the absorption measured in UV resonance lines along a third,
independent line of sight to the quasar nucleus and with the lack of 21cm
absorption in as earlier VLBI experiment that was sensitive to opacity against
the hot spot in the northern lobe. The inferred rotation speed and luminosity
for the galaxy are compatible with the z approximately 0 Tully-Fisher Relation.
  This system illustrates well how 21cm absorption against extended background
radio sources is a powerful tool in determining the nature of the damped
Lyman-alpha class of QSO absorption line system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4122 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics of quasi-periodic media


  In this work the interaction of electromagnetic field with quasi-periodic
media has been scrutinized. We have obtained the formula for a distorted medium
polarizability tenzor in the X-ray frequency band. Also there have been
obtained the X-rays dynamic diffraction equations for media with arbitrary
smooth distortion. For these equations the Takagi-Tuipin equations are obtained
as a particular case. We have got a very simple formula for the coefficient of
X-ray reflaction on the bent Bragg mirror. We have scrutinized the example of
calculating the X-rays reflaction and focusing by the bent Bragg mirror. Also
in this work one could find the rezults of calculating the reflected X-rays
caustics form. It is shown that there exists a possibility of linear dimensions
of the X-rays focusing area having typical values of 10^-7 cm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125629 </DOCNO>
Apsidal Alignment in Upsilon Andromedae


  One of the parameters fitted by Doppler radial velocity measurements of
extrasolar planetary systems is omega, the argument of pericenter of a given
planet's orbit referenced to the plane of the sky. Curiously, the omega's of
the outer two planets orbiting Upsilon Andromedae are presently nearly
identical: Delta-omega = omega_D - omega_C = 4.8 deg +/- 4.8 deg (1 sigma).
This observation is least surprising if planets C and D occupy orbits that are
seen close to edge-on (sin i_C, sin i_D > 0.5) and whose mutual inclination
Theta does not exceed 20 deg. In this case, planets C and D inhabit a secular
resonance in which Delta-omega librates about 0 deg with an amplitude of 30 deg
and a period of 4000 yr. The resonant configuration spends about one-third of
its time with |Delta-omega| < 10 deg. If Theta > 40 deg, either Delta-omega
circulates or the system is unstable. This instability is driven by the Kozai
mechanism which couples the eccentricity of planet C to Theta to drive the
former quantity to values approaching unity. Our expectation that Theta < 20
deg suggests that planets C and D formed in a flattened, circumstellar disk,
and may be tested by upcoming astrometric measurements with the FAME satellite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6533 </DOCNO>
Thermal and electrical transport in single crystalline MgB_2


  We present the results of measurements of the thermal and electrical
conductivity in the basal plane of single-crystalline MgB_2 between 2 and 300
K. The analysis of the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity gives
supporting evidence for two different gaps on different sheets of the Fermi
surface in the superconducting state. The zero-temperature values of the two
gaps are D_1 (0) = 5.3 meV and D_2 (0) = 1.65 meV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6124 </DOCNO>
Field theory of scaling lattice models. The Potts antiferromagnet


  In contrast to what happens for ferromagnets, the lattice structure
participates in a crucial way to determine existence and type of critical
behaviour in antiferromagnetic systems. It is an interesting question to
investigate how the memory of the lattice survives in the field theory
describing a scaling antiferromagnet. We discuss this issue for the square
lattice three-state Potts model, whose scaling limit as T->0 is argued to be
described exactly by the sine-Gordon field theory at a specific value of the
coupling. The solution of the scaling ferromagnetic case is recalled for
comparison. The field theory describing the crossover from antiferromagnetic to
ferromagnetic behaviour is also introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128912 </DOCNO>
Multi-wavelength spectrophotometry of EX Hydrae


  We present phase-resolved infrared and optical spectrophotometry of the
intermediate polar EX Hya supplemented by archival ultraviolet data. The
spin-modulated emission from the accretion funnel and the emission from the
accretion disk or ring contain substantial optically thin components. The white
dwarf dominates the unmodulated flux in the ultraviolet and is identified by
numerous absorption lines. Metal absorption in the accretion curtain may add to
the observed spectral features. The secondary star is of spectral type M4+-1
and is detected by its ellipsoidal modulation. We derive a distance of 65+-11
pc which makes EX Hydrae one of the closest cataclysmic variables with a known
distance. The luminosity derived from the integrated overall spectral energy
distribution is 3x10^32 erg/s. The accretion rate of 3x10^15 g/s (for an 0.6
Msun white dwarf) is in reasonable agreement with the rates expected from
angular momentum loss by gravitational radiation and from the observed spin-up
of the white dwarf

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1170 </DOCNO>
Giant anharmonicity and non-linear electron-phonon coupling in


  We report first-principles calculations of the electronic band structure and
lattice dynamics for the new superconductor MgB$_{2}$. The excellent agreement
between theory and our inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the phonon
density of states gives confidence that the calculations provide a sound
description of the physical properties of the system. The numerical results
reveal that the in-plane boron phonons (with E$_{2g}$ symmetry) near the
zone-center are very anharmonic, and are strongly coupled to the partially
occupied planar B $\sigma$ bands near the Fermi level. This giant anharmonicity
and non-linear electron-phonon coupling is key to explaining the observed high
T$_{c}$ and boron isotope effect in MgB$_{2}$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83747 </DOCNO>
Transformations of CCP programs


  We introduce a transformation system for concurrent constraint programming
(CCP). We define suitable applicability conditions for the transformations
which guarantee that the input/output CCP semantics is preserved also when
distinguishing deadlocked computations from successful ones and when
considering intermediate results of (possibly) non-terminating computations.
  The system allows us to optimize CCP programs while preserving their intended
meaning: In addition to the usual benefits that one has for sequential
declarative languages, the transformation of concurrent programs can also lead
to the elimination of communication channels and of synchronization points, to
the transformation of non-deterministic computations into deterministic ones,
and to the crucial saving of computational space. Furthermore, since the
transformation system preserves the deadlock behavior of programs, it can be
used for proving deadlock freeness of a given program wrt a class of queries.
To this aim it is sometimes sufficient to apply our transformations and to
specialize the resulting program wrt the given queries in such a way that the
obtained program is trivially deadlock free.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97703 </DOCNO>
On the Noncommutative Geometry of Twisted Spheres


  We describe noncommutative geometric aspects of twisted deformations, in
particular of the spheres in Connes and Landi [8] and in Connes and Dubois
Violette [7], by using the differential and integral calculus on these spaces
that is covariant under the action of their corresponding quantum symmetry
groups. We start from multiparametric deformations of the orthogonal groups and
related planes and spheres. We show that only in the twisted limit of these
multiparametric deformations the covariant calculus on the plane gives by a
quotient procedure a meaningful calculus on the sphere. In this calculus the
external algebra has the same dimension of the classical one. We develop the
Haar functional on spheres and use it to define an integral on forms. In the
twisted limit (differently from the general multiparametric case) the Haar
functional is a trace and we thus obtain a cycle on the algebra. Moreover we
explicitely construct the *-Hodge operator on the space of forms on the plane
and then by quotient on the sphere. We apply our results to even spheres and we
compute the Chern-Connes pairing between the character of this cycle, i.e. a
cyclic 2n-cocycle, and the instanton projector defined in [7].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74625 </DOCNO>
Does F2 need a hard pomeron?


  We show that the latest HERA measurements of F2 are compatible with the
existence of a triple pole at J=1. Such a structure also accounts for soft
forward hadronic amplitudes, so that the introduction of a new singularity is
not necessary to describe DIS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4453 </DOCNO>
Scattering theory on graphs


  We consider the scattering theory for the Schr\"odinger operator
$-\Dc_x^2+V(x)$ on graphs made of one-dimensional wires connected to external
leads. We derive two expressions for the scattering matrix on arbitrary graphs.
One involves matrices that couple arcs (oriented bonds), the other involves
matrices that couple vertices. We discuss a simple way to tune the coupling
between the graph and the leads. The efficiency of the formalism is
demonstrated on a few known examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128842 </DOCNO>
A study of the spectral evolution during dipping in XB 1323-619 with


  We report results from analysis of the observations of the dipping low mass
X-ray binary XB 1323-619 made with BeppoSAX} and Rossi-XTE. The dust-scattered
halo contributes significantly in this source, and the observation made with
BeppoSAX on 1997 August was used to provide MECS radial intensity profiles at
several energies. From these, the halo fractions were obtained and thus an
optical depth to dust scattering of 1.8 +/- 0.4 derived. In the Rossi-XTE
observation of April 25-28, 1997, seven X-rays dips were observed together with
7 bursts repeating approximately periodically. Non-dip and dip PCA spectra can
be well-described by assuming the emission consists of point-like blackbody
emission identified with the neutron star, plus Comptonized emission from an
extended ADC. The blackbody temperature is 1.79 +/- 0.21 keV and the cut-off
power law photon index 1.61 +/- 0.04. Spectral evolution in dipping is well
described by progressive covering of the extended Comptonizing region by
absorber plus more rapid removal of the point-like blackbody. The effects of
dust scattering and of the X-ray pulsar 1SAX J1324.4-6200 also in the field of
view are included in the fitting. We detect an iron line at ~6.4 keV and its
probable origin in the ADC is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1083 </DOCNO>
Generalized entropies from first principles


  We present a derivation of power law canonical distributions from first
principle statistical mechanics, including the exponential distribution as a It
is presented a derivation of power law canonical distributions from first
principle statistical mechanics, including the exponential distribution as a
particular case. It is shown that these distributions arise naturally, and that
the heat capacity of the heat bath is the condition that determines its type.
As a consequence, it is given a physical interpretation for the parameter $q$
of the generalized entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98450 </DOCNO>
A Small-Gain Theorem with Applications to Input/Output Systems,


  A general ISS-type small-gain result is presented. It specializes to a
small-gain theorem for ISS operators, and it also recovers the classical
statement for ISS systems in state-space form. In addition, we highlight
applications to incrementally stable systems, detectable systems, and to
interconnections of stable systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149864 </DOCNO>
Dispersion relations in differential form


  Various forms of derivative dispersion relations, in which the dispersion
integral is replaced by a series of derivatives of the imaginary part of a
scattering amplitude, are reviewed. Conditions of their validity and practical
applicability as well as their relevance to high-energy small-angle
hadron-hadron scattering are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125379 </DOCNO>
Structure and conditions in massive star forming giant molecular clouds


  Massive stars form in clusters within self-gravitating molecular clouds. The
size scale of these clusters is sufficiently large that non-thermal, or
turbulent, motions of the gas must be taken into account when considering their
formation. Millimeter wavelength radio observations of the gas and dust in
these clouds reveal a complex, self-similar structure that reflects the
turbulent nature of the gas. Differences are seen, however, towards dense bound
cores in proto-clusters. Examination of the kinematics of gas around such cores
suggests that dissipation of turbulence may be the first step in the star
formation process. Newly formed stars, on the other hand, replenish turbulence
through their winds and outflows. In this way, star formation may be
self-regulated. Observations and simulations are beginning to demonstrate the
key role that cloud turbulence plays in the formation and evolution of stellar
groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73584 </DOCNO>
Semi-leptonic B-decays and the two-pion distribution amplitudes


  We show that the semi-leptonic decay B+ -> pi+ pi- l+ \nu_l can be used as a
source of information for two-pion distribution amplitudes. The connection
between these amplitudes and the B-meson decay width is achieved by the light
cone sum rule method. We show the relevant distribution amplitudes and give the
formula for the decay width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41721 </DOCNO>
Improved Direct Measurement of $A_b$ and $A_c$ at the $Z^0$ Pole Using a


  The parity violation parameters $A_b$ and $A_c$ of the $Zb{\bar b}$ and
$Zc\bar{c}$ couplings have been measured directly, using the polar angle
dependence of the polarized cross sections at the $Z^0$ pole. Bottom and
charmed hadrons were tagged via their semileptonic decays. Both the electron
and muon analyses take advantage of new multivariate techniques to increase the
analyzing power. Based on the 1993-98 SLD sample of 550,000 $Z^0$ decays
produced with highly polarized electron beams we measure $ A_b = 0.919 \pm
0.030_{stat} \pm 0.024_{syst} $, and $ A_c = 0.583 \pm 0.055_{stat} \pm
0.055_{syst} $.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128790 </DOCNO>
The Substructure-Alignment Connection


  Using a sample of 903 APM clusters we investigate whether their dynamical
status, as evidenced by the presence of significant substructures, is related
to the large-scale structure of the Universe. We find that the cluster
dynamical activity is strongly correlated with the tendency of clusters to be
aligned with their nearest neighbour and in general with the nearby clusters
that belong to the same supercluster. Furthermore, dynamically active clusters
are more clustered than the overall cluster population. These are strong
indications that clusters develop in a hierarchical fashion by anisotropic
merging along the large-scale filaments within which they are embedded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6477 </DOCNO>
Phase equilibria and glass transition in colloidal systems with


  We have studied a model of a complex fluid consisting of particles
interacting through a hard core and a short range attractive potential of both
Yukawa and square-well form. Using a hybrid method, including a self-consistent
and quite accurate approximation for the liquid integral equation in the case
of the Yukawa fluid, perturbation theory to evaluate the crystal free energies,
and mode-coupling theory of the glass transition, we determine both the
equilibrium phase diagram of the system and the lines of equilibrium between
the supercooled fluid and the glass phases. For these potentials, we study the
phase diagrams for different values of the potential range, the ratio of the
range of the interaction to the diameter of the repulsive core being the main
control parameter. Our arguments are relevant to a variety of systems, from
dense colloidal systems with depletion forces, through particle gels,
nano-particle aggregation, and globular protein crystallization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169422 </DOCNO>
Entanglement swapping between multi-qudit systems


  We generalize the entanglement swapping scheme originally proposed for two
pairs of qubits to an arbitrary number $q$ of systems composed from an
arbitrary number $m_j$ of qudits. Each of the system is supposed to be prepared
in a maximally entangled state of $m_j$ qudits, while different systems are not
correlated at all. We show that when a set $\sum_{j=1}^q a_j$ particles (from
each of the $q$ systems $a_j$ particles are measured) are subjected to a
generalized Bell-type measurement, the resulting set of $\sum_{j=1}^q
(m_j-a_j)$ particles will collapse into a maximally entangled state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4483 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium Distribution of the Inherent States and their Dynamics in


  We propose a Statistical Mechanics approach to the inherent states of glassy
systems and granular materials, following the original ideas developed by
Edwards for granular media. In particular, we consider a ``tapping'' dynamics
in the space of the inherent states, analogous to the dynamics really used in
granular matter. We assume that under stationarity the distribution among the
inherent states satisfies the principle of maximum entropy. This leads to a
distribution characterised by a configurational temperature related to Edwards
compactivity in granular materials. Finally, the predictions of such a
Statistical Mechanics approach are successfully checked on two models: a system
of hard-spheres under gravity and a Spin Glass like model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125885 </DOCNO>
Investigating the central engine and excitation mechanisms of


  We present NIR observations of a sample of mainly interacting ULIRGs,
comprising H and K band spectra. Our main aims are to investigate the power
source of these extremely luminous objects and the various excitation
mechanisms of the strong molecular hydrogen emission often seen in such
objects. Broadened emission lines were only detected in one object, IRAS 23498,
consistent with previous results for this galaxy. The [SiVI] emission line was
detected in IRAS17179 and IRAS20210, both classified as Sy2s. Two of the sample
were unclassified, IRAS00150 and IRAS23420, which exhibit neither [SiVI]
emission or broadened HI emission. However this does not rule out the presence
of an obscured AGN. Analysis of the molecular hydrogen emission showed that the
major excitation mechanism for most objects was thermal. Modelling of the more
luminous objects indicate for IRAS20210 10 per cent, and for both IRAS23365 and
IRAS23420, 30 per cent of their 1-0S(1) line emission has a non-thermal origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148267 </DOCNO>
The structure of maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory:


  We solve the superspace Bianchi identities for ten-dimensional supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory without imposing any kind of constraints apart from the
standard conventional one. In this way we obtain a set of algebraic conditions
on certain fields which in the on-shell theory are constructed as composite
ones out of the physical fields. These conditions must hence be satisfied by
any kind of theory in ten dimensions invariant under supersymmetry and some,
abelian or non-abelian, gauge symmetry. Deformations of the ordinary SYM theory
(as well as the fields) are identified as elements of a certain spinorial
cohomology, giving control over field redefinitions and the distinction between
physically relevant higher-order corrections and those removable by field
redefinitions. The conditions derived severely constrain theories involving
F^2-level terms plus higher-order corrections, as for instance those derived
from open strings as effective gauge theories on D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3464 </DOCNO>
Theory of combined exciton-cyclotron resonance in a two-dimensional


  I develop a theory of combined exciton-cyclotron resonance (ExCR) in a
low-density two-dimensional electron gas in high magnetic fields. In the
presence of excess electrons an incident photon creates an exciton and
simultaneously excites one electron to higher-lying Landau levels. I derive
exact ExCR selection rules that follow from the existing dynamical symmetries,
magnetic translations and rotations about the magnetic field axis. The nature
of the final states in the ExCR is elucidated. The relation between ExCR and
shake-up processes is discussed. The double-peak ExCR structure for transitions
to the first electron Landau level is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129642 </DOCNO>
Numerical Methods of Star Formation History Measurement and Applications


  A comprehensive study of the measurement of star formation histories from
colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) is presented, with an emphasis on a variety of
subtle issues involved in the generation of model CMDs and maximum likelihood
solution. Among these are the need for a complete sampling of the synthetic
CMD, the use of of proper statistics for dealing with Poisson-distributed data
(and a demonstration of why chi-square must not be used), measuring full
uncertainties in all reported parameters, quantifying the goodness-of-fit, and
questions of binning the CMD and incorporating outside information. Several
example star formation history measurements are given. Two examples involve
synthetic data, in which the input and recovered parameters can be compared to
locate possible flaws in the methodology (none were apparent) and measure the
accuracy with which ages, metallicities, and star formation rates can be
recovered. Solutions of the histories of seven Galactic dwarf spheroidal
companions (Carina, Draco, Leo I, Leo II, Sagittarius, Sculptor, and Ursa
Minor) illustrate the ability to measure star formation histories given a
variety conditions -- numbers of stars, complexity of star formation history,
and amount of foreground contamination. Significant measurements of ancient >8
Gyr star formation are made in all seven galaxies. Sculptor, Draco, and Ursa
Minor appear entirely ancient, while the other systems show varying amounts of
younger stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84025 </DOCNO>
Combining Propagation Information and Search Tree Visualization using


  In this paper we give an overview of the current state of the graphical
features provided by ILOG OPL Studio for debugging and performance tuning of
OPL programs or external ILOG Solver based applications. This paper focuses on
combining propagation and search information using the Search Tree view and the
Propagation Spy. A new synthetic view is presented: the Christmas Tree, which
combines the Search Tree view with statistics on the efficiency of the domain
reduction and on the number of the propagation events triggered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150176 </DOCNO>
Contextual viewpoint to quantum stochastics


  We study the role of context, complex of physical conditions, in quantum as
well as classical experiments. It is shown that by taking into account
contextual dependence of experimental probabilities we can derive the quantum
rule for the addition of probabilities of alternatives. Thus we obtain quantum
interference without applying to wave or Hilbert space approach. The Hilbert
space representation of contextual probabilities is obtained as a consequence
of the elementary geometric fact: $\cos$-theorem. By using another fact from
elementary algebra we obtain complex-amplitude representation of probabilities.
Finally, we found contextual origin of noncommutativity of incompatible
observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75068 </DOCNO>
High Density QCD


  The dynamics of high partonic density QCD is presented considering, in the
double logarithm approximation, the parton recombination mechanism built in the
AGL formalism, developed including unitarity corrections for the nucleon as
well for nucleus. It is shown that these corrections are under theoretical
control. The resulting non linear evolution equation is solved in the
asymptotic regime, and a comprehensive phenomenology concerning Deep Inelastic
Scattering like $F_2$, $F_L$, $F_2^c$. $\partial F_2/ \partial \ln Q^2$,
$\partial F^A_2/ \partial \ln Q^2$, etc, is presented. The connection of our
formalism with the DGLAP and BFKL dynamics, and with other perturbative (K) and
non-perturbative (MV-JKLW) approaches is analised in detail. The phenomena of
saturation due to shadowing corrections and the relevance of this effect in ion
physics and heavy quark production is emphasized. The implications to e-RHIC,
HERA-A, and LHC physics and some open questions are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96417 </DOCNO>
Characterization of Product Measures by Integrability Condition


  It is natural to ask whether "positivity" of white noise operators can be
discussed in some sense and characterized. To answer this question, we consider
the Gel'fand triple over the Complex Gaussian space $(\ce'_c,\m_c)$, i.e.
$\ce'_c=\ce'+i\ce'$ equipped with the product measure $\m_c=\m'\times\m'$ where
$\m'$ is the Gaussian measure on $\ce'$ with variance 1/2 (Section
\ref{sec:2-2}). Following AKK's Legendre transform technique, we have
$\cw_{u_1,u_2}\subset L^2(\ce'_c,\m_c)\subset [\cw]^{*}_{u_1,u_2}$ for
functions $u_1,u_2\in C_{+,1/2}$ satisfying (U0)(U2)(U3). Several examples for
$u_1, u_2$ are given in Section \ref{sec:2-3}. We remark that Ouerdiane
\cite{oue} studied a special case $u_1(r^2)=u_2(r^2)=\exp(k^{-1}r^k)$, where
$1\leq k\leq 2$. In Section \ref{sec:3}, the characterization theorem for
measures can be extended to the case of positive product Radon measures on
$\ce'\times \ce'$. In addition, the notion of pseudo-positive operators is
naturally introduced via kernel theorem and characterized by an integrability
condition. Lemma \ref{lem:3-2} plays crucial roles in Section \ref{sec:3}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75268 </DOCNO>
Charge Asymmetry and Photon Energy Spectrum in the Decay $B_s \to l^+


  We consider the structure-dependent amplitude of the decay $B_s \to l^+ l^-
\gamma$ $(l=e,\mu)$ in a model based on the effective Hamiltonian for $b
\bar{s} \to l^+ l^-$ containing the Wilson coefficients $C_7,C_9$ and $C_{10}$.
The form factors characterising the matrix elements $< \gamma | \bar{s}
\gamma_\mu (1 \mp \gamma_5) b | \bar{B}_s>$ and $< \gamma | \bar{s}
\sigma_{\mu\nu} (1 \mp \gamma_5) b | \bar{B}_s>$ are taken to have the
universal form $f_V \approx f_A \approx f_T \approx f_{B_s} M_{B_s} R_s / (3
E_\gamma)$ suggested by recent work in QCD, where $R_s$ is a parameter related
to the light cone wave function of the $B_s$ meson. Simple expressions are
obtained for the charge asymmetry $A(x_\gamma)$ and the photon energy spectrum
$d \Gamma/ d x_\gamma (x_\gamma = 2 E_\gamma/M_{B_s})$. The decay rates are
calculated in terms of the decay rate of $B_s \to \gamma \gamma$. The branching
ratios are estimated to be $Br(B_s \to e^+ e^- \gamma) = 2.0 \times 10^{-8}$
and $Br(B_s \to \mu^+ \mu^- \gamma) = 1.2 \times 10^{-8}$, somewhat higher than
earlier estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72484 </DOCNO>
The source of the "third flow component"


  A model for energy, pressure and flow velocity distributions at the beginning
of relativistic heavy ion collisions has been developed to be used as initial
condition for hydrodynamical calculations. The results show that at the early
stages QGP forms a tilted disk, such that the direction of the largest pressure
gradient stays in the reaction plane, but deviates from both the beam and the
usual transverse flow directions. Such initial conditions may lead to the
creation of the "antiflow" or the "third flow component".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 465 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in two-dimensional anisotropic quantum magnets


  We consider quantum Heisenberg ferro- and antiferromagnets on the square
lattice with exchange anisotropy of easy-plane or easy-axis type. The
thermodynamics and the critical behaviour of the models are studied by the
pure-quantum self-consistent harmonic approximation, in order to evaluate the
spin and anisotropy dependence of the critical temperatures. Results for
thermodynamic quantities are reported and comparison with experimental and
numerical simulation data is made. The obtained results allow us to draw a
general picture of the subject and, in particular, to estimate the value of the
critical temperature for any model belonging to the considered class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126535 </DOCNO>
Detection of differential rotation in psi Cap with profile analysis


  We report detection of differential rotation on the F5 dwarf psi Cap using
line profile analysis. The Fourier transform of both FeI lambda 5775 and SiI
lambda 5772 are used to obtain a projected rotational velocity of v sini =
(42+-1)km/s. Modelling of the Fourier transformed profiles shows that the
combined effects of equatorial velocity, inclination and differential rotation
dominate the line profile while limb darkening and turbulence velocities have
only minor effects. Rigid rotation is shown to be inconsistent with the
measured profiles. Modelling the line profiles analogous to solar differential
rotation we find a differential rotation parameter of alpha = 0.15+-0.1
(15+-10%) comparable to the solar case. To our knowledge this is the first
successful measurement of differential rotation through line profile analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124303 </DOCNO>
Spectra and evolution of two X-ray sources in M81


  We analyzed the spectral and temporal features of X-ray sources in M81 using
data from the relevant ROSAT-PSPC/HRI observations. We discuss the main
features of the point-like nucleus and of the second brightest source in the
field (X-9), whose identification is still unclear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148685 </DOCNO>
Algebraic renormalization of twisted N=2 supersymmetry with Z=2 central


  We study the renormalizability of (massive) topological QCD based on the
algebraic BRST technique by adopting a non-covariant Landau type gauge and
making use of the full topological superalgebra. The most general local counter
terms are determined and it is shown that in the presence of central charges
the BRST cohomology remains trivial. By imposing an additional set of stability
constraints it is proven that the matter action of topological QCD is
perturbatively finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99091 </DOCNO>
A note on quasi-Lie bialgebroids and twisted Poisson manifolds


  We develop a theory of quasi-Lie bialgebroids using a homological approach,
and apply it to study twisted Poisson structures with a 3-form background which
have recently appeared in the context of string theory, and were studied by
\v{S}evera and Weinstein using a different method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97515 </DOCNO>
An Extension to the Tangent Sequence Martingale Inequality


  For each 1 < p < infinity, there exists a positive constant c_p, depending
only on p, such that the following holds. Let (d_k), (e_k) be real-valued
martingale difference sequences. If for for all bounded nonnegative predictable
sequences (s_k) and all positive integers k we have E[s_k vee |e_k|] le E[s_k
vee |d_k|] then for all positive integers n we have || sum_{k=1}^n e_k ||_p le
c_p || \sum_{k=1}^n d_k ||_p .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85931 </DOCNO>
Reconsidering Schwarzschild's original solution


  We analyse the Schwarzschild solution in the context of the historical
development of its present use, and explain the invariant definition of a
singular surface at the Schwarzschild's radius, that can be applied to the
Kerr-Newman solution too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2378 </DOCNO>
Phase Ordering in Nematic Liquid Crystals


  We study the kinetics of the nematic-isotropic transition in a
two-dimensional liquid crystal by using a lattice Boltzmann scheme that couples
the tensor order parameter and the flow consistently. Unlike in previous
studies, we find the time dependences of the correlation function, energy
density, and the number of topological defects obey dynamic scaling laws with
growth exponents that, within the numerical uncertainties, agree with the value
1/2 expected from simple dimensional analysis. We find that these values are
not altered by the hydrodynamic flow. In addition, by examining shallow
quenches, we find that the presence of orientational disorder can inhibit
amplitude ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85874 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic wave propagation inside a material medium: an effective


  We present a method developed to deal with electromagnetic wave propagation
inside a material medium that reacts, in general, non-linearly to the field
strength. We work in the context of Maxwell' s theory in the low frequency
limit and obtain a geometrical representation of light paths for each case
presented. The isotropic case and artificial birefringence caused by an
external electric field are analyzed as an application of the formalism and the
effective geometry associated to the wave propagation is exhibited.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95790 </DOCNO>
A functorial approach to the C*-algebras of a graph


  A functor from the category of directed trees with inclusions to the category
of commutative C*-algebras with injective *-homomorphisms is constructed. This
is used to define a functor from the category of directed graphs with
inclusions to the category of C*-algebras with injective *-homomorphisms. The
resulting C*-algebras are identified as Toeplitz graph algebras. Graph algebras
are proved to have inductive limit decompositions over any family of subgraphs
with union equal to the whole graph. The construction is used to prove various
structural properties of graph algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6931 </DOCNO>
Phase coherence phenomena in superconducting films


  Superconducting films subject to an in-plane magnetic field exhibit a gapless
superconducting phase. We explore the quasi-particle spectral properties of the
gapless phase and comment on the transport properties. Of particular interest
is the sensitivity of the quantum interference phenomena in this phase to the
nature of the impurity scattering. We find that films subject to columnar
defects exhibit a `Berry-Robnik' symmetry which changes the fundamental
properties of the system. Furthermore, we explore the integrity of the gapped
phase. As in the magnetic impurity system, we show that optimal fluctuations of
the random impurity potential conspire with the in-plane magnetic field to
induce a band of localized sub-gap states. Finally, we investigate the
interplay of the proximity effect and gapless superconductivity in thin normal
metal-superconductor bi-layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149667 </DOCNO>
BUSSTEPP Lectures on Supersymmetry


  This is the written version of the supersymmetry lectures delivered at the
30th and 31st British Universities Summer Schools in Theoretical Elementary
Particle Physics (BUSSTEPP) held in Oxford in September 2000 and in Manchester
in August-September 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114498 </DOCNO>
Mass spectrometric and first principles study of Al$_n$C$^-$ clusters


  We study the carbon-dope aluminum clusters by using time-of-flight mass
spectrum experiments and {\em ab initio} calculations. Mass abundance
distributions are obtained for anionic aluminum and aluminum-carbon mixed
clusters. Besides the well-known magic aluminum clusters such as Al$_{13}^-$
and Al$_{23}^-$, Al$_7$C$^-$ cluster is found to be particularly stable among
those Al$_n$C$^-$ clusters. Density functional calculations are performed to
determine the ground state structures of Al$_n$C$^-$ clusters. Our results show
that the Al$_7$C$^-$ is a magic cluster with extremely high stability, which
might serve as building block of the cluster-assembled materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179602 </DOCNO>
Coherent Compton scattering on light nuclei in the delta resonance


  Coherent Compton scattering on light nuclei in the delta resonance region is
studied in the impulse approximation and is shown to be a sensitive probe of
the in-medium properties of the delta resonance. The elementary amplitude on a
single nucleon is calculated from the unitary K-matrix approach developed
previously. Modifications of the properties of the delta resonance due to the
nuclear medium are accounted for through the self-energy operator of the delta,
calculated from the one-pion loop. The dominant medium effects such as the
Pauli blocking, mean-field modification of the nucleon and delta masses, and
particle-hole excitations in the pion propagator are consistently included in
nuclear matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75598 </DOCNO>
Fermion production from preheating-amplified metric perturbations


  We study gravitational creation of light fermions in the presence of
classical scalar metric perturbations about a flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-
Robertson-Walker (FLRW) background. These perturbations can be large during
preheating, breaking the conformal flatness of the background spacetime. We
compute numerically the total number of particles generated by the modes of the
metric perturbations which have grown sufficiently to become classical. In the
absence of inhomogeneities massless fermions are not gravitationally produced,
and then this effect may be relevant for abundance estimates of light
gravitational relics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41040 </DOCNO>
Charmless Hadronic B Decays at BABAR


  We present several searches for charmless hadronic two-body and three-body
decays of B mesons from electron-positron annihilation data collected by the
BABAR detector near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We report the preliminary
branching fractions BR(B0 --> pi+pi-) = (4.1 +/- 1.0 +/- 0.7) x 10^-6, BR(B0
--> K+pi-) = (16.7 +/- 1.6 +/- 1.3) x 10^-6, BR(B0 --> rho-/+ pi+/-) = (49 +/-
13 +6 -5) x 10^-6, BR(B+ --> eta' K+) = (62 +/- 18 +/- 8) x 10^-6, and present
upper limits for nine other decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75355 </DOCNO>
Lepton flavor conserving Z -> l^+ l^-$ decays in the general two Higgs


  We calculate the new physics effects to the branching ratios of the lepton
flavor conserving decays Z -> l^+ l^- in the framework of the general two Higgs
Doublet model. We predict the upper limits for the couplings
|\bar{\xi}^{D}_{N,\mu\tau}| and |\bar{\xi}^{D}_{N,\tau\tau}| as 3\times 10^2
GeV and 1\times 10^2 GeV, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168278 </DOCNO>
Compressibility of Mixed-State Signals


  We present a formula that determines the optimal number of qubits per message
that allows asymptotically faithful compression of the quantum information
carried by an ensemble of mixed states. The set of mixed states determines a
decomposition of the Hilbert space into the redundant part and the irreducible
part. After removing the redundancy, the optimal compression rate is shown to
be given by the von Neumann entropy of the reduced ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72649 </DOCNO>
Glueballs, hybrid and exotic mesons


  We review lattice QCD results for glueballs (including a discussion of mixing
with scalar mesons), hybrid mesons and exotic mesons (such as $B_s B_s$
molecules).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74379 </DOCNO>
Dynamics and Properties of Chiral Cosmic Strings


  Chiral cosmic strings naturally arise in many particle physics models, in
particular in supersymmetric theories with a D-term. These strings have a
single fermion zero mode in the core. We derive the general equation of motion
for such strings. In Minkowski space we give the self-intersections for an
arbitary varying current on the loop, showing that the self-intersection
probability is dominated by the fraction of loop with maximal charge. We show
how to relate the charge to the fermion condensation temperature, arguing that
strings which become current carrying at formation will automatically have a
maximal charge. Any daughter loops produced are likely to have the same charge
as the parent loop. Possible models for chiral cosmic strings are also
discussed and consequences for D-term inflation mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114467 </DOCNO>
Causality, Symmetries, and Quantum Mechanics


  It is argued that there is no evidence for causality as a metaphysical
relation in quantum phenomena. The assumption that there are no causal laws,
but only probabilities for physical processes constrained by symmetries, leads
naturally to quantum mechanics. In particular, an argument is made for why
there are probability amplitudes that are complex numbers. This argument
generalizes the Feynman path integral formulation of quantum mechanics to
include all possible actions that are allowed by symmetries, but only the
lowest order terms are observable at the presently accessible energy scales.
The notion of relational reality is introduced in order to give physical
meaning to probabilities. This appears to give rise to a new interpretation of
quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97073 </DOCNO>
Biseparating maps between operator algebras


  We prove that a biseparating map between spaces B(E), and some other Banach
algebras, is automatically continuous and an algebra isomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73843 </DOCNO>
Double J/\psi Production at Photon Colliders


  The double J/\psi(DJ) production in direct photon-photon collision is
investigated. It is found that the J/\psi production rate in this process is of
the same order of magnitude as those of previously discussed ones, which hints
the dominant J/\psi inclusive production process in the direct photon-photon
collision is still not being touched. As DJ production process has a clear
distinction from the single J/\psi inclusive processes in the final states,
experimental study on it would be helpful to clarify the validity of
color-singlet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86268 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Microwave Background and Scalar-Tensor Theories of Gravity


  We show that if all observers see an isotropic cosmic microwave background in
an expanding geodesic perfect fluid spacetime within a scalar-tensor theory of
gravity, then that spacetime must be isotropic and spatially homogeneous. This
result generalizes the Ehlers-Geren-Sachs Theorem of General Relativity, and
serves to underpin the important result that any evolving cosmological model in
a scalar-tensor theory that is compatible with observations must be almost
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5984 </DOCNO>
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory of a charged Bose gas at finite


  We critically examine the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) solution of the
equations of motion for condensate fluctuations in a weakly coupled plasma of
charged bosons at finite temperature. Analytic expressions are derived for the
first two infrared-divergent terms in both the momentum distribution of the
noncondensate and the anomalous Bose correlation function at low momenta.
Incorporation into the theory of the appropriate form of the Hugenholtz-Pines
relation for the chemical potential is needed to cancel an unphysical
divergence. Exact cancellation of infrared-divergent terms is demonstrated in
the HFB shift of the single-particle excitation energy away from the Bogoliubov
value at long wavelengths, with the residual terms raising it towards the
plasma frequency at low temperature. Numerical illustrations are presented for
a number of properties of the boson plasma as functions of temperature and
density in the weak-coupling regime: these are the chemical potential, the
condensate fraction, the normal and anomalous momentum distribution functions
and the corresponding one-body density matrices, and the dispersion relation of
single-particle excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4391 </DOCNO>
Peak Effect of Jc and Nonlinear E-J Characteristies of High-Tc


  The critical current density Jc in high-Tc superconductors (HTS) often shows
a maximum at field far above the self-field. We study this peak effect(PE) with
the nonlinear I-V response of type-II superconductors and find analytical
equation of Jc in the dependence of filed and temperature. Theis equation is
compared with some experimental data of R-Ba-Cu-O single crystals with fair
agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169529 </DOCNO>
Creating Decoherence-Free Subspaces with Strong and Fast Pulses


  A decoherence-free subspace (DFS) isolates quantum information from
deleterious environmental interactions. We give explicit sequences of strong
and fast (``bang-bang'', BB) pulses that create the conditions allowing for the
existence of DFSs that support scalable, universal quantum computation. One
such example is the creation of the conditions for collective decoherence,
wherein all system particles are coupled in an identical manner to their
environment. The BB pulses needed for this are generated using only the
Heisenberg exchange interaction. In conjunction with previous results, this
shows that Heisenberg exchange is all by itself an enabler of universal fault
tolerant quantum computation on DFSs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72347 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray Bursts, Type Ib/c Supernovae and Star-forming Sites in Host


  The data on the location of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) relative to their host
galaxies are used to derive the distribution of surface density of GRBs along
the galaxy radius. It is shown that the gradient of GRB surface density changes
abruptly near the half-light radius. In the central parts of galaxies the
distribution of GRBs resembles closely the luminosity distribution, while in
the outer parts the galactic surface brightness falls much steeper than the
GRBs density. The radial distribution of type Ib/c supernovae is investigated
on the basis of enlarged statistics. It is shown that SNe Ib/c do not differ
significantly from other types of supernovae and their distribution is more
similar to the one for recent star formation sites than that of GRBs. In spite
of the poor statistics of GRBs, the difference in the distributions of active
star formation regions and GRBs appears to be significant. We get the
Kolmogorov-Smirnov probability P_ks of only 4% that GRBs and star-forming sites
belong to the same distribution. The correlation of GRBs with the distribution
of dark matter in the outer parts of galaxies is not excluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85982 </DOCNO>
Exact Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solutions for matter-radiation decoupling


  A new class of solutions of Einstein's equations is derived providing a
physically plausible hydrodynamic description of cosmological matter in the
radiation era of the Universe expansion. The solutions are characterized by the
LTB metric with dissipative fluid sources, subjected to the following
conditions: (i) tthe nonequilibrium state variables satisfy the equations of
state of a mixture of relativistic and non-relativistic ideal gases, where the
internal energy of the latter has been neglected, (ii) the particle numbers of
the mixture components are independently conserved, (iii) the viscous stress is
consistent with the transport equation and entropy balance law of extended
irreversible thermodynamics with the coefficients of shear viscosity provided
by kinetic theory. The Jeans mass at decoupling is of the same order of
magnitude as that of baryons dominated models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4143 </DOCNO>
Diluted neural networks with adapting and correlated synapses


  We consider the dynamics of diluted neural networks with clipped and adapting
synapses. Unlike previous studies, the learning rate is kept constant as the
connectivity tends to infinity: the synapses evolve on a time scale
intermediate between the quenched and annealing limits and all orders of
synaptic correlations must be taken into account. The dynamics is solved by
mean-field theory, the order parameter for synapses being a function. We
describe the effects, in the double dynamics, due to synaptic correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98696 </DOCNO>
Boundary volume of a Riemannian manifold: What the heat invariants don't


  Does the spectrum of the Hodge Laplacian acting on p-forms on a compact
Riemannian manifold M determine the volume of the boundary of M? As is
well-known, the heat invariants give an affirmative answer except in the case
when p is equal to half the dimension of M, in which case the relevant heat
invariant vanishes. In this note, we show that, in this middle degree, the
Hodge Laplacian spectrum not only does not determine the boundary volume, it
does not even determine whether the manifold has boundary. For example, the
Hodge Laplacians acting on 1-forms on a two-dimensional cylinder, a Klein
bottle, and a Moebius strip all have the same spectrum. Extending to the class
of even-dimensional Riemannian orbifolds, the spectrum of the Hodge Laplacian
in the middle degree does not determine the dimension of the singular set or
even whether the orbifold has singularities; i.e., it does not distinguish
orbifolds from manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113408 </DOCNO>
Relation of uncertainty for time


  We introduce two time: deterministic Newton time-stream t and stochastic
time-epoch $\tau$. The relation of uncertainty for time-epoch of physical
events $\Delta\tau\Delta D \geq c_1,\eqno(*)$ where $c_1=const$, is proved. The
function $D(t)= - c_1\frac{d}{dt}\ln f_\tau (t),$ characterizes {\it velocity
of disorganization} of the event-phenomena; $f_\tau (t)$ is density of
probability of time-epoch $\tau$.
  The relation (*) is verified not by means of experiment that is traditional
for physics, but with the help of the reference to datas of historical science.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127432 </DOCNO>
Cascades in the Earth's magnetosphere initiated by photons with


  We investigate the cascading effects of extremely high energy (EHE) photons
in the Earth's magnetosphere assuming that photons have parameters of the
highest energy AGASA events (energies, arrival directions). For the location of
the AGASA Observatory, we determine directions on the sky from which photons
can cascade with high (low) probability. In the case of primary photons with
the parameters of events observed with energies $> 10^{20}$ eV, we compute the
average cascade spectra of secondary photons which enter the Earth's
atmosphere, and their fluctuations around the average values. It is shown that
most photons with parameters of the highest energy AGASA events should initiate
cascades in the Earth's magnetosphere with high probability. We suggest that if
these events are caused by photons with lower energies but these same arrival
directions, than due to fluctuations of the shower development in the
magnetosphere and the atmosphere, the primary energies of these events might be
wrongly estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168366 </DOCNO>
Nearly ideal binary communication in squeezed channels


  We analyze the effect of squeezing the channel in binary communication based
on Gaussian states. We show that for coding on pure states, squeezing increases
the detection probability at fixed size of the strategy, actually saturating
the optimal bound already for moderate signal energy. Using Neyman-Pearson
lemma for fuzzy hypothesis testing we are able to analyze also the case of
mixed states, and to find the optimal amount of squeezing that can be
effectively employed. It results that optimally squeezed channels are robust
against signal-mixing, and largely improve the strategy power by comparison
with coherent ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149813 </DOCNO>
The target space dependence of the Hagedorn temperature


  The effect of certain simple backgrounds on the Hagedorn temperature in
theories of closed strings is examined. The background of interest are constant
Neveu-Schwarz $B$-fields, a constant offset of the space-time metric and a
compactified spatial dimension. We find that the Hagedorn temperature of string
theory depends on the parameters of the background. We comment on an
interesting non-extensive feature of the Hagedorn transition, including a
subtlety with decoupling of closed strings in the NCOS limit of open string
theory and on the large radius limit of discrete light-cone quantized closed
strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149397 </DOCNO>
Mass Generation, Ghost Condensation and Broken Symmetry: SU(2) in


  The local action of an SU(2) gauge theory in general covariant Abelian gauges
and the associated equivariant BRST symmetry that guarantees the perturbative
renormalizability of the model are given. A global SL(2,R) symmetry of the
model is spontaneously broken by ghost-antighost condensation at arbitrarily
small coupling. This leads to propagators that are finite at Euclidean momenta
for all elementary fields except the Abelian ``photon''. Ward Identities show
that the symmetry breaking gives rise to massless BRST-quartets with ghost
numbers (1,2,-2,-1) and (0,1,-1,0). The latter quartet is interpreted as due to
an Abelian Higgs mechanism in the dual description of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41460 </DOCNO>
Bayesian View Of Solar Neutrino Oscillations


  We present the results of a Bayesian analysis of solar neutrino data in terms
of nu_e->nu_{mu,tau} and nu_e->nu_s oscillations, where nu_s is a sterile
neutrino. We perform a Rates Analysis of the rates of solar neutrino
experiments, including the first SNO CC result, and spectral data of the CHOOZ
experiment, and a Global Analysis that takes into account also the
Super-Kamiokande day and night electron energy spectra. We show that the
Bayesian analysis does not suffer any problem from the inclusion of the
numerous bins of the CHOOZ and Super-Kamiokande energy spectra and allows to
reach the same conclusions on the favored type of neutrino transitions and on
the determination of the most favored values of the oscillation parameters in
both the Rates and Global Analysis. Our Bayesian analysis shows that nu_e->nu_s
transitions are strongly disfavored with respect to nu_e->nu_{mu,tau}
transitions. In the case of nu_e->nu_{mu,tau} oscillations, the LMA region is
favored by the data (86% probability), the LOW region has some small chance
(13% probability), the VO region is almost excluded (1% probability) and the
SMA region is practically excluded (0.01% probability). We calculate also the
marginal posterior probability distributions for tan^2 theta and Delta m^2 and
we show that the data imply large mixing almost with certainty and large values
of Delta m^2 are favored. We present also the results of a standard
least-squares analysis and we show that the standard goodness of fit test is
not able to rejects pure nu_e->nu_s transitions. The likelihood ratio test
allows to reject pure nu_e->nu_s transitions in favor of nu_e->nu_{mu,tau}
transitions only in the Global Analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74999 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of High Energy Neutrinos in Low-Scale Quantum Gravity


  We show that neutrino telescopes, optimized for detecting neutrinos of TeV to
PeV energy, can reveal threshold effects associated with TeV-scale gravity. The
signature is an increase with energy of the cross section beyond what is
predicted by the Standard Model. The advantage of the method is that the
neutrino cross section is measured in an energy region where i) the models are
characteristically distinguishable and ii) the Standard Model neutrino cross
section can be reliably calculated so that any deviation can be conclusively
identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41435 </DOCNO>
A Study of Exclusive Nonleptonic Decays of B Mesons into Final States of


  [abridged] Bound states of heavy quarks can serve as a laboratory for inquiry
into the behaviour of the fundamental strong and electroweak interactions. This
thesis examines observations of B0, B0bar, and B+- mesons produced in
proton-antiproton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV. The
B-meson decay products are recorded using the Collider Detector at Fermilab
(CDF) located on the Tevatron collider at Fermilab, USA. Four B-meson decays
and their charge conjugates are studied: B+ -> J/psi K+, B0 -> J/psi K*(892)0,
B+ -> psi(2S) K+, and B0 -> psi(2S) K*(892)0. Using a data sample corresponding
to a time-integrated luminosity of (109 +- 7)/pb, statistically significant
signals are observed in all the channels. Topological similarities between the
B decays are exploited to measure the six relative branching fractions (Br) of
each channel with respect to the other channels. The ratios involving the B+ ->
J/psi K+ mode are Br(B0 -> J/psi K*(892)0) / Br(B+ -> J/psi K+) = 1.76 +-
0.14[stat] +- 0.15[syst], Br(B+ -> psi(2S) K+) / Br(B+ -> J/psi K+) = 0.558 +-
0.082[stat] +- 0.056[syst], and Br(B0 -> psi(2S) K*(892)0) / Br(B+ -> J/psi K+)
= 0.908 +- 0.194[stat] +- 0.100[syst]. The indicated uncertainties are
statistical and systematic, respectively. In ratios involving unlike B-meson
species, equal production rates for B+ and B0 mesons have been assumed. The B+
-> psi(2S) K+ and B0 -> psi(2S) K*(892)0 reconstructions are the first
observations of these processes at a hadron collider. The branching-fraction
ratio measurements are consistent with phenomenological predictions that employ
the factorization Ansatz, and the derived absolute branching-fraction
measurements are consistent with previous world-average limits and values from
e+e- colliders. [abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128020 </DOCNO>
Evolution of a 3 \msun star from the main sequence to the ZZ Ceti stage:


  The purpose of this paper is to present new full evolutionary calculations
for DA white dwarf stars with the major aim of providing a physically sound
reference frame for exploring the pulsation properties of the resulting models
in future communications. Here, white dwarf evolution is followed in a
self-consistent way with the predictions of time dependent element diffusion
and nuclear burning. In addition, full account is taken of the evolutionary
stages prior to the white dwarf formation. In particular, we follow the
evolution of a 3 \msun model from the zero-age main sequence (the adopted
metallicity is Z=0.02) all the way from the stages of hydrogen and helium
burning in the core up to the thermally pulsing phase. After experiencing 11
thermal pulses, the model is forced to evolve towards its white dwarf
configuration by invoking strong mass loss episodes. Further evolution is
followed down to the domain of the ZZ Ceti stars on the white dwarf cooling
branch. Emphasis is placed on the evolution of the chemical abundance
distribution due to diffusion processes and the role played by hydrogen burning
during the white dwarf evolution. Furthermore, the implications of our
evolutionary models for the main quantities relevant for adiabatic pulsation
analysis are discussed. Interestingly, the shape of the Ledoux term is markedly
smoother as compared with previous detailed studies of white dwarfs. This is
translated into a different behaviour of the Brunt-Vaisala frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3762 </DOCNO>
Lifshitz-point critical behaviour to ${\boldsymbol{O(\epsilon^2)}}$


  We comment on a recent letter by L. C. de Albuquerque and M. M.
  Leite (J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 (2001) L327-L332), in which results to
second order in $\epsilon=4-d+\frac{m}{2}$ were presented for the critical
exponents $\nu_{{\mathrm{L}}2}$, $\eta_{{\mathrm{L}}2}$ and
$\gamma_{{\mathrm{L}}2}$ of d-dimensional systems at m-axial Lifshitz points.
We point out that their results are at variance with ours. The discrepancy is
due to their incorrect computation of momentum-space integrals. Their
speculation that the field-theoretic renormalization group approach, if
performed in position space, might give results different from when it is
performed in momentum space is refuted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179076 </DOCNO>
Higher order effects in electromagnetic dissociation of neutron halo


  We investigate higher order effects in electromagnetic dissociation of
neutron halo nuclei using a simple and realistic zero range model for the
neutron-core interaction. In the sudden (or Glauber) approximation all orders
in the target-core interaction are taken into account. Small deviations from
the sudden approximation are readily calculated. We obtain very simple
analytical results for the next-to-leading order effects, which have a simple
physical interpretation. For intermediate energy electromagnetic dissociation,
higher order effects are generally small. We apply our model to Coulomb
dissociation of $^{19}$C at 67 A MeV. The analytical results are compared to
numerical results from the integration of the time-dependent Schroedinger
equation. Good agreement is obtained. We conclude that higher order
electromagnetic effects are well under control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127788 </DOCNO>
Infrared Properties of Cataclysmic Variables from 2MASS: Results from


  Because accretion-generated luminosity dominates the radiated energy of most
cataclysmic variables, they have been ``traditionally'' observed primarily at
short wavelengths. Infrared observations of cataclysmic variables contribute to
the understanding of key system components that are expected to radiate at
these wavelengths, such as the cool outer disk, accretion stream, and secondary
star. We have compiled the J, H, and Ks photometry of all cataclysmic variables
located in the sky coverage of the 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) 2nd
Incremental Data Release. This data comprises 251 systems with reliably
identified near-IR counterparts and S/N > 10 photometry in one or more of the
three near-IR bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129036 </DOCNO>
Discovering Mass Clumps in Distant Galaxies with Lensing: The Case of


  Substructure in distant gravitational lens galaxies can be detected because
it alters the brightnesses and shapes of the lensed images. The optical and
radio flux ratios in the four-image lens B1422+231 imply that there is a \sim
10^4-10^7 Msun/h mass clump in the lens galaxy in front of image A; this is the
first constraint on the mass of a particular clump lying in a distant galaxy
and detected by its mass. The data also indicate that a small clump, perhaps a
star, is passing in front of image B and making the optical flux ratios
variable. Both of these hypotheses can be tested with new observations.
B1422+231 demonstrates how data at different wavelengths can be used in
individual lenses to probe individual mass clumps in distant galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86215 </DOCNO>
The Apparent Fractal Conjecture: Scaling Features in Standard


  This paper presents an analysis of the smoothness problem in cosmology by
focussing on the ambiguities originated in the simplifying hypotheses aimed at
observationally verifying if the large-scale distribution of galaxies is
homogeneous, and conjecturing that this distribution should follow a fractal
pattern in perturbed standard cosmologies. This is due to a geometrical effect,
appearing when certain types of average densities are calculated along the past
light cone. The paper starts reviewing the argument concerning the possibility
that the galaxy distribution follows such a scaling pattern, and the premises
behind the assumption that the spatial homogeneity of standard cosmology can be
observable. Next, it is argued that to discuss observable homogeneity one needs
to make a clear distinction between local and average relativistic densities,
and showing how the different distance definitions strongly affect them,
leading the various average densities to display asymptotically opposite
behaviours. Then the paper revisits Ribeiro's (1995: astro-ph/9910145) results,
showing that in a fully relativistic treatment some observational average
densities of the flat Friedmann model are not well defined at z ~ 0.1, implying
that at this range average densities behave in a fundamentally different manner
as compared to the linearity of the Hubble law, well valid for z < 1. This
conclusion brings into question the widespread assumption that relativistic
corrections can always be neglected at low z. It is also shown how some key
features of fractal cosmologies can be found in the Friedmann models. In view
of those findings, it is suggested that the so-called contradiction between the
cosmological principle, and the galaxy distribution forming an unlimited
fractal structure, may not exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97859 </DOCNO>
An F. and M. Riesz theorem for planar vector fields


  We prove that solutions of the homogeneous equation $Lu=0$, where $L$ is a
locally integrable vector field with smooth coefficients in two variables
possess the F. and M. Riesz property. That is, if $\Omega$ is an open subset of
the plane with smooth boundary, $u\in C^1(\Omega)$ satisfies $Lu=0$ on
$\Omega$, has tempered growth at the boundary, and its weak boundary value is a
measure $\mu$, then $\mu$ is absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue
measure on the noncharacteristic portion of $\partial\Omega$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41087 </DOCNO>
Search for Narrow Diphoton Resonances and for gamma-gamma+W/Z Signatures


  We present results of searches for diphoton resonances produced both
inclusively and also in association with a vector boson (W or Z) using 100
pb^{-1} of p\bar p collisions using the CDF detector. We set upper limits on
the product of cross section times branching ratio for both p\bar
p\to\gamma\gamma + X and p\bar p\to\gamma\gamma + W/Z. Comparing the inclusive
production to the expectations from heavy sgoldstinos we derive limits on the
supersymmetry-breaking scale sqrt{F} in the TeV range, depending on the
sgoldstino mass and the choice of other parameters. Also, using a NLO
prediction for the associated production of a Higgs boson with a W or Z boson,
we set an upper limit on the branching ratio for H\to\gamma\gamma. Finally, we
set a lower limit on the mass of a `bosophilic' Higgs boson (e.g. one which
couples only to \gamma, W, and Z$ bosons with standard model couplings) of 82
GeV/c^2 at 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96077 </DOCNO>
Powersums representing residues mod p^k, from Fermat to Waring


  The ring Z_k(+,.) mod p^k with prime power modulus (prime p>2) is analysed.
Its cyclic group G_k of units has order (p-1)p^{k-1}, and all p-th power n^p
residues form a subgroup F_k with |F_k|=|G_k|/p. The subgroup of order p-1, the
core A_k of G_k, extends Fermat's Small Theorem (FST) to mod p^{k>1},
consisting of p-1 residues with n^p = n mod p^k. The concept of "carry", e.g.
n' in FST extension n^{p-1} = n'p+1 mod p^2, is crucial in expanding residue
arithmetic to integers, and to allow analysis of divisors of 0 mod p^k. . . . .
For large enough k \geq K_p (critical precison K_p < p depends on p), all
nonzero pairsums of core residues are shown to be distinct, upto commutation.
The known FLT case_1 is related to this, and the set F_k + F_k mod p^k of p-th
power pairsums is shown to cover half of units group G_k. -- Yielding main
result: each residue mod p^k is the sum of at most four p-th power residues.
Moreover, some results on the generative power (mod p^{k>2}) of divisors of
p^2-1 are derived. -- [Publ.: "Computers and Mathematics with Applications",
V39 N7-8 (Apr.2000) p253-261]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129441 </DOCNO>
Study of Gamma Ray Burst Binary Progenitors


  Recently much work in studying Gamma-Ray Burst has been devoted to revealing
the nature of outburst mechanism and studies of GRB afterglows. These issues
have also been closely followed by the quest for identifying GRB progenitors.
In this paper we consider the proposed binary star progenitors of GRBs: white
dwarf neutron star binaries, white dwarf black hole binaries, helium core
neutron star mergers, helium core black hole mergers, double neutron stars and
neutron star black hole binaries. Using population synthesis methods we
calculate merger rates of these binary progenitors and we compare them to the
observed BATSE GRB rate. We also calculate the distribution of merger sites
around host galaxies and compare them to the observed locations of GRB
afterglows with respect to their hosts. We find that the rates of binary GRB
progenitors in our standard model are lower than the observed GRB rates if GRBs
are highly collimated. However, the uncertainty in the population synthesis
results is too large to make this a firm conclusion. Although some
observational signatures seem to point to collapsars as progenitors of long
GRBs, we find that mergers of WD-NS, He-NS, He-BH, and NS-NS systems also trace
the star formation regions of their host galaxies, as it is observed for long
GRBs. We also speculate about possible progenitors of short-duration GRBs. For
these, the most likely candidates are still mergers of compact objects. We find
that the locations NS-NS and NS-BH mergers with respect to their hosts are
significantly different. This may allow to distinguish between these two
progenitor models, once current and near future missions, such as HETE-II or
SWIFT, measure the locations of short GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85984 </DOCNO>
Scalar Field as Dark Matter and Machian Cosmological Solution in the


  The Machian cosmological solution satisfying $\phi =O(\rho /\omega)$ in the
generalized scalar-tensor theory of gravitation with the varying cosmological
constant is summarized. The scalar field $\phi $ with the exponential potential
is introduced as dark matter and the barotropic evolution of matter in the
universe is discussed. As the universe expands, the coefficient $\gamma $ of
the equation of state approaches to -1/3 and the coupling function $\omega
(\phi)$ diverges to $-\infty $.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97988 </DOCNO>
Lefschetz fibrations, complex structures and Seifert fibrations on S^1 X


  We consider product 4--manifolds S^1 X M, where M is a closed, connected and
oriented 3-manifold. We prove that if S^1 X M admits a complex structure or a
Lefschetz or Seifert fibration, then the following statement is true: S^1 X M
admits a symplectic structure if and only if M fibers over S^1, under the
additional assumption that M has no fake 3-cells. We also discuss the
relationship between the geometry of M and complex structures and Seifert
fibrations on S^1 X M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4330 </DOCNO>
Stress response function of a granular layer: quantitative comparison


  We measured the vertical pressure response function of a layer of sand
submitted to a localized normal force at its surface. We found that this
response profile depends on the way the layer has been prepared: all profiles
show a single centered peak whose width scales with the thickness of the layer,
but a dense packing gives a wider peak than a loose one. We calculate the
prediction of isotropic elastic theory in presence of a bottom boundary and
compare it to the data. We found that the theory gives the right scaling and
the correct qualitative shape, but fails to really fit the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97015 </DOCNO>
Explicit Enumeration of 321,Hexagon-Avoiding Permutations


  The 321,hexagon-avoiding (321-hex) permutations were introduced and studied
by Billey and Warrington in as a class of elements of S_n whose Kazhdan-Lusztig
and Poincare polynomials and the singular loci of whose Schubert varieties have
certain fairly simple and explicit descriptions. This paper provides a 7-term
linear recurrence relation leading to an explicit enumeration of the 321-hex
permutations. A complete description of the corresponding generating tree is
obtained as a by-product of enumeration techniques used in the paper, including
Schensted's 321-subsequences decomposition, a 5-parameter generating function
and the symmetries of the octagonal patterns avoided by the 321-hex
permutations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72840 </DOCNO>
Diffractive eta_c photo-and electroproduction with the perturbative QCD


  Using a set of new odderon states, we calculate their contribution to the
diffractive eta_c photo- and electroproduction process. Compared to previous
simple 3-gluon exchange calculations we find an enhancement of about one order
of magnitude in the cross section. The t-dependence of the cross section
exhibits a dip structure in the small t region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124769 </DOCNO>
An iterative technique for solving equations of statistical equilibrium


  Superlevel partitioning is combined with a simple relaxation procedure to
construct an iterative technique for solving equations of statistical
equilibrium. In treating an $N$-level model atom, the technique avoids the
$N^{3}$ scaling in computer time for direct solutions with standard linear
equation routines and also does not fail at large $N$ due to the accumulation
of round-off errors. In consequence, the technique allows detailed model atoms
with $N \ga 10^{3}$, such as those required for iron peak elements, to be
incorporated into diagnostic codes for analysing astronomical spectra. Tests
are reported for a 394-level Fe II ion and a 1266-level Ni I--IV atom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6782 </DOCNO>
Noisy Covariance Matrices and Portfolio Optimization


  According to recent findings [1,2], empirical covariance matrices deduced
from financial return series contain such a high amount of noise that, apart
from a few large eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors, their
structure can essentially be regarded as random. In [1], e.g., it is reported
that about 94% of the spectrum of these matrices can be fitted by that of a
random matrix drawn from an appropriately chosen ensemble. In view of the
fundamental role of covariance matrices in the theory of portfolio optimization
as well as in industry-wide risk management practices, we analyze the possible
implications of this effect. Simulation experiments with matrices having a
structure such as described in [1,2] lead us to the conclusion that in the
context of the classical portfolio problem (minimizing the portfolio variance
under linear constraints) noise has relatively little effect. To leading order
the solutions are determined by the stable, large eigenvalues, and the
displacement of the solution (measured in variance) due to noise is rather
small: depending on the size of the portfolio and on the length of the time
series, it is of the order of 5 to 15%. The picture is completely different,
however, if we attempt to minimize the variance under non-linear constraints,
like those that arise e.g. in the problem of margin accounts or in
international capital adequacy regulation. In these problems the presence of
noise leads to a serious instability and a high degree of degeneracy of the
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148469 </DOCNO>
Entropy of the Randall-Sundrum black brane world in the brick-wall


  We calculate the entropy of the brane-world black hole in the
Randall-Sundrum(RS) model by using the brick-wall method. The modes along the
extra dimension are semi-classically quantized on the extra dimension. The
number of modes in the extra dimension is given as a simple form with the help
of the RS mass relation, and then the entropy for the scalar modes in the
five-dimensional spacetime is described by the two-dimensional area of the
black brane world.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129619 </DOCNO>
The kinematics of lopsided galaxies


  Lopsidedness is a common feature in galaxies, both in the distribution of
light and in the kinematics. We investigate the kinematics of a model for
lopsided galaxies that consists of a disc lying off-centre in a dark halo, and
circling around the halo centre. We search for families of stable, closed,
non-crossing orbits, and assume that gas in our galaxies moves on these orbits.
Several of our models show strong lopsided gas kinematics, especially the ones
in which the disc spins around its axis in a retrograde sense compared to its
motion around the halo centre. We are able to reproduce the HI velocity map of
the kinematically lopsided galaxy NGC 4395.
  The lopsidedness in our models is most pronounced in the models where the
halo provides a relatively large fraction of the total mass at small radii.
This may explain why the gas shows lopsidedness more frequently in late-type
galaxies, which are dominated by dark matter. Surfaces of section show large
regions of irregular orbits in the models where the halo density is low. This
may indicate that these models are unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95602 </DOCNO>
New smooth counterexamples to the Hamiltonian Seifert conjecture


  We construct a new aperiodic symplectic plug and hence new smooth
counterexamples to the Hamiltonian Seifert conjecture in R^{2n} for n>2. In
other words, we develop an alternative procedure, to those of V. L. Ginzburg
and M. Herman, for constructing smooth Hamiltonian flows, on the standard
symplectic R^{2n} for n>2, which have compact regular level sets that contain
no periodic orbits. The plug described here is a modification of those built by
Ginzburg. In particular, we utilize a different "trap" which makes the
necessary embeddings of this plug much easier to construct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7575 </DOCNO>
Effective interactions between parallel-spin electrons in


  We evaluate the effective interactions in a fluid of electrons moving in a
plane, on the approach to the quantum phase transition from the paramagnetic to
the fully spin-polarized phase that has been reported from Quantum Monte Carlo
runs. We use the approach of Kukkonen and Overhauser to treat exchange and
correlations under close constraints imposed by sum rules. We show that, as the
paramagnetic fluid approaches the phase transition, the effective interactions
at low momenta develop an attractive region between parallel-spin electrons and
a corresponding repulsive region for antiparallel-spin electron pairs. A
connection with the Hubbard model is made and used to estimate the magnetic
energy gap and hence the temperature at which the phase transition may become
observable with varying electron density in a semiconductor quantum well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124133 </DOCNO>
Broad Absorption Line Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with


  We present 13 Broad Absorption Line (BAL) quasars, including 12 new objects,
which were identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and matched within
2'' to sources in the FIRST radio survey catalog. The surface density of this
sample of radio-detected BAL quasars is 4.5 +- 1.2 per 100 deg^2, i.e.
approximately 4 times larger than previously found by the shallower FIRST
Bright Quasar Survey (FBQS). A majority of these radio-detected BAL quasars are
moderately radio-loud objects. The fraction of BAL quasars in the entire radio
quasar sample, 4.8 +- 1.3 %, is comparable to the fraction of BAL quasars among
the SDSS optical quasar sample (ignoring selection effects). We estimate that
the true fraction of BAL quasars (mostly HiBALs) in the radio sample is 9.2 +-
2.6 % once selection effects are accounted for. We caution that the absorption
troughs of 4 of the 13 radio-detected quasars considered do not strictly
satisfy the standard BALnicity criterion. One or possibly two of the new
radio-detected BAL quasars are of the rare ``iron LoBAL'' type. BAL quasars are
generally redder than the median SDSS quasar at the same redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86712 </DOCNO>
Density Discontinuity of a Neutron Star and Gravitational Waves


  We calculate quasi-normal f- and g-modes of a neutron star with density
discontinuity, which may appear in a phase transition at extreme high density.
We find that discontinuity will reflect largely on the f-mode, and that the
g-mode could also be important for a less massive star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148591 </DOCNO>
A Note on Symplectic, Multisymplectic Scheme in Finite Element Method


  We find that with uniform mesh, the numerical schemes derived from finite
element method can keep a preserved symplectic structure in one-dimensional
case and a preserved multisymplectic structure in two-dimentional case in
certain discrete version respectively. These results are in fact the intrinsic
reason that the numerical experiments indicate that such finite element
algorithms are accurate in practice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5488 </DOCNO>
DC SQUID based on the mesoscopic multiterminal Josephson junction


  A theory is offered for a novel device, mesoscopic four-terminal SQUID. The
studied system consists of a mesoscopic four-terminal junction, one pair of
terminals of which is incorporated in a superconducting ring and the other one
is connected with a transport circuit. The nonlocal weak coupling between the
terminals leads to effects of phase dragging and magnetic flux transfer. The
behaviour of a four-terminal SQUID, controlled by the external parameters, the
applied magnetic flux and the transport current is investigated. The critical
current and the current voltage characteristics as functions of magnetic flux
are calculated. In the nonlocal mesoscopic case they depend not only on the
magnitude of the applied flux but also on its sign, allowing measurement of the
direction of the external magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97434 </DOCNO>
Continuity of the measure of the spectrum for discrete quasiperiodic


  We study discrete Schroedinger operators $(H_{\alpha,\theta}\psi)(n)=
\psi(n-1)+\psi(n+1)+f(\alpha n+\theta)\psi(n)$ on $l^2(Z)$, where $f(x)$ is a
real analytic periodic function of period 1. We prove a general theorem
relating the measure of the spectrum of $H_{\alpha,\theta}$ to the measures of
the spectra of its canonical rational approximants under the condition that the
Lyapunov exponents of $H_{\alpha,\theta}$ are positive. For the almost Mathieu
operator ($f(x)=2\lambda\cos 2\pi x$) it follows that the measure of the
spectrum is equal to $4|1-|\lambda||$ for all real $\theta$, $\lambda\ne\pm 1$,
and all irrational $\alpha$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41703 </DOCNO>
Charmless hadronic B decays at BABAR


  Using 22.7M BBbar events collected with the BABAR detector at SLAC, we
present preliminary measurements of the branching fractions for charmless
hadronic decays of B mesons into two-body, quasi two-body and three-body final
states with pions, kaons, and rho and a0 resonances. In the search for
exclusive $B^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$, we measure ${\cal B}(B^0 \to
\rho^{\pm}(770)\pi^{\mp})=(28.9\pm5.4\pm4.3) \times 10^{-6}$, together with the
relative asymmetry ${\cal A}_{\rm phys} = -0.04 \pm 0.18 \pm 0.02$. We also set
the upper limits on $B^0 \to \rho^0(770)\pi^0$, non-resonant $B^0 \to
\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$, $B^0 \to a_0^{\pm}(\to \eta\pi^{\pm})\pi^{\mp}$ and $B^0 \to
K^0\bar K^0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1726 </DOCNO>
Mean-field theory of magnetic properties of Mn$_x$III$_{1-x}$V


  We present a mean-field theory of carrier-induced ferromagnetism in
Mn$_x$III$_{1-x}$V diluted magnetic semiconductors with a special emphasis
placed on the magnetic anisotropy. The valence band holes are described using
the six band Kohn-Luttinger model. We find that the magnetic anisotropy is a
complicated function of sample parameters such as hole density or strain.
Results of our numerical simulations are in agreement with magnetic anisotropy
measurements on samples with both compressive and tensile strains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179142 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Quantum Dynamics of Many-Body Systems


  Relativistic quantum dynamics requires a unitary representation of the
Poincare group on the Hilbert space of states. The dynamics of many-body
systems must satisfy cluster separability requirements. In this paper we
formulate an abstract framework of four dimensional Euclidean Green functions
that can be used to construct relativistic quantum dynamics of N-particle
systems consistent with these requirements. This approach should be useful in
bridging the gap between few-body dynamics based on phenomenological mass
operators and on quantum field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149272 </DOCNO>
Projection Operators and D-branes in Purely Cubic Open String Field


  We study a matrix version of the purely cubic open string field theory as
describing the expansion around the closed string vacuum. Any D-branes in the
given closed string background can appear as classical solutions by using the
identity projectors. Expansion around this solution gives the correct kinetic
term for the open strings on the created D-branes while there are some
subtleties in the unwanted degree of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3055 </DOCNO>
Spin dynamics in the $S=1/2$ weakly-coupled chains antiferromagnet


  Inelastic neutron scattering is used to identify single-particle and
continuum spin excitations in the quasi-one-dimensional $S=1/2$ antiferromagnet
\ba. In the data analysis, close attention is given to resolution effects. A
gap in the continuum spectrum at $\Delta_c=4.74.8$ meV is directly observed.
The gap energy is in excellent agreement with existing theoretical predictions.
Below the gap, the spectrum is dominated by sharp accoustic spin wave
excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74895 </DOCNO>
Noncompact Heisenberg spin magnets from high-energy QCD: I. Baxter


  We analyze a completely integrable two-dimensional quantum-mechanical model
that emerged in the recent studies of the compound gluonic states in
multi-color QCD at high energy. The model represents a generalization of the
well-known homogenous Heisenberg spin magnet to infinite-dimensional
representations of the SL(2,C) group and can be reformulated within the Quantum
Inverse Scattering Method. Solving the Yang-Baxter equation, we obtain the
R-matrix for the SL(2,C) representations of the principal series and discuss
its properties. We explicitly construct the Baxter Q-operator for this model
and show how it can be used to determine the energy spectrum. We apply
Sklyanin's method of the Separated Variables to obtain an integral
representation for the eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian. We demonstrate that
the language of Feynman diagrams supplemented with the method of uniqueness
provide a powerful technique for analyzing the properties of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3052 </DOCNO>
Quantized Adiabatic Charge Transport in a Carbon Nanotube


  The coupling of a metallic Carbon nanotube to a surface acoustic wave (SAW)
is proposed as a vehicle to realize quantized adiabatic charge transport in a
Luttinger liquid system. We demonstrate that electron backscattering by a
periodic SAW potential, which results in miniband formation, can be achieved at
energies near the Fermi level. Electron interaction, treated in a Luttinger
liquid framework, is shown to enhance minigaps and thereby improve current
quantization. Quantized SAW induced current, as a function of electron density,
changes sign at half-filling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127287 </DOCNO>
The Clustering of Galaxies around Quasars


  We study the cross-correlation between quasars and galaxies by embedding
models for the formation and evolution of the two populations in cosmological
N-body simulations. We adopt the quasar evolution model of Kauffmann & Haehnelt
(2000), in which supermassive black holes are formed and fuelled during major
mergers. We define the `bias' parameter b_QG as the ratio of the
cross-correlation function xi_QG to the galaxy auto-correlation function xi_GG.
On scales larger than 1 h^{-1} Mpc, the values of b_QG predicted by our models
at low redshift depend very little on galaxy selection. They measure the
characteristic mass of the dark matter halos that host quasars and can be used
to estimate the typical quasar lifetime. In current redshift surveys, such
measurements will constrain the lifetimes of low z quasars more accurately than
measurements of the quasar auto-correlation function, because galaxies have
much higher space densities than quasars. On scales smaller than 1 h^{-1} Mpc,
the main contribution to xi_QG comes from quasar/galaxy pairs in the same dark
matter halo. The amplitude of xi_QG depends both on the location of the host
galaxy and on the density profile of other galaxies within the halo. As a
result, measurements on these scales yield information about the processes
responsible for fuelling super- massive black holes. At high redshifts, our
models predict that quasars of fixed luminosity are located in less massive
halos than at low redshift. They are therefore less biased relative to galaxies
of given luminosity or stellar mass. We have used the simulations to calculate
the evolution of the quasar auto- correlation function. We find that models
with quasar lifetimes in the range 10^6-10^7 years provide a good match to the
results of the 2dF QSO survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74868 </DOCNO>
B-quark mediated neutrinoless $\mu^--e^-$ conversion in presence of


  We found that in supersymmetric models with R-parity non-conservation the
b-quarks may appreciably contribute to exotic neutrinoless muon-electron
conversion in nuclei via the triangle diagram with two external gluons. This
allowed us to extract previously overlooked constraints on the third generation
trilinear R-parity violating parameters significantly more stringent than those
existing in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124125 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Microwave Background


  This set of lectures provides an overview of the basic theory and
phenomenology of the cosmic microwave background. Topics include a brief
historical review; the physics of temperature and polarization fluctuations;
acoustic oscillations of the primordial plasma; the space of inflationary
cosmological models; current and potential constraints on these models from the
microwave background; and constraints on inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114247 </DOCNO>
Post Mortem System - Playback of the RHIC Collider


  A Post Mortem System was developed for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at
Brookhaven National Laboratory to provide a playback of the collider state at
the time of a beam abort, quench, or other failure event. Post Mortem data is
used to provide diagnostics about the failure and to improve future stores.
This data is read from hardware buffers and is written directly to the main
file system by Accelerator Device Objects in the front-end computers. The Post
Mortem System has facilitated analysis of loss monitor and power supply data,
such as beam loss during magnet quenches, dump kicker misfires and power supply
malfunctions. System details and recent operating experience will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96544 </DOCNO>
The geometry of weakly selfdual Kahler surfaces


  We study Kahler surfaces with harmonic anti-selfdual Weyl tensor. We provide
an explicit local description, which we use to obtain the complete
classification in the compact case. We give new examples of extremal Kahler
metrics, including Kahler-Einstein metrics and conformally Einstein Kahler
metrics. We also extend some of our results to almost Kahler 4-manifolds,
providing new examples of Ricci-flat almost Kahler metrics which are not
Kahler.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168543 </DOCNO>
The hidden measurement formalism: what can be explained and where


  In the hidden measurement formalism that we develop in Brussels we explain
the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change
of state of the system under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of
knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement process. We
show that the presence of these two effects leads to the major part of the
quantum mechanical structure of a theory where the measurements contain the two
mentioned effects. We present a quantum machine, where we can illustrate in a
simple way how the quantum structure arises as a consequence of the two
effects. We introduce a parameter 'epsilon' that measures the amount of the
lack of knowledge on the measurement process, and by varying this parameter, we
describe a continuous evolution from a quantum structure (maximal lack of
knowledge) to a classical structure (zero lack of knowledge). We show that for
intermediate values of epsilon we find a new type of structure that is neither
quantum nor classical. We analyze the quantum paradoxes and show that they can
be divided into two groups: (1) The group (measurement problem and Schrodingers
cat paradox) where the paradoxical aspects arise mainly from the application of
standard quantum theory as a general theory (e.g. also describing the
measurement apparatus). This type of paradox disappears in the hidden
measurement formalism. (2) A second group collecting the paradoxes connected to
the effect of non-locality (the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox and the
violation of Bell inequalities). We show that these paradoxes are internally
resolved because the effect of non-locality turns out to be a fundamental
property of the hidden measurement formalism itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75564 </DOCNO>
Calculation of two-loop virtual corrections to b --> s l+ l- in the


  We present in detail the calculation of the virtual O(alpha_s) corrections to
the inclusive semi-leptonic rare decay b --> s l+ l-. We also include those
O(alpha_s) bremsstrahlung contributions which cancel the infrared and mass
singularities showing up in the virtual corrections. In order to avoid large
resonant contributions, we restrict the invariant mass squared s of the lepton
pair to the range 0.05 < s/mb^2 < 0.25. The analytic results are represented as
expansions in the small parameters s/mb^2, z = mc^2/mb^2 and s/(4 mc^2). The
new contributions drastically reduce the renormalization scale dependence of
the decay spectrum. For the corresponding branching ratio (restricted to the
above s-range) the renormalization scale uncertainty gets reduced from +/-13%
to +/-6.5%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86470 </DOCNO>
Regularizing the r-mode problem for nonbarotropic relativistic stars


  We present results for r-modes of relativistic nonbarotropic stars. We argue
that the main differential equation, which is formally singular at lowest order
in the slow-rotation expansion, can be regularized using higher order terms.
This then motivates a practical approach for solving the problem and we provide
results that support earlier conclusions obtained for uniform density stars. In
particular, we show that there will exist a single r-mode for each permissible
combination of l and m. We discuss these results and provide some caveats
regarding their usefulness for estimates of gravitational-radiation reaction
timescales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114426 </DOCNO>
A Comparison of Two Approaches: Maximum Entropy on the Mean (MEM) and


  To handle with inverse problems, two probabilistic approaches have been
proposed: the maximum entropy on the mean (MEM) and the Bayesian estimation
(BAYES). The main object of this presentation is to compare these two
approaches which are in fact two different inference procedures to define the
solution of an inverse problem as the optimizer of a compound criterion.
Keywords: Inverse problems, Maximum Entropy on the Mean, Bayesian inference,
Convex analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41749 </DOCNO>
Extra Dimensions and Black Hole Production


  If nature realizes $TeV$ scale gravity, we are entering a very exciting
period in which we could be able to address, experimentally, some questions on
quantum gravity, strings, branes and other exotic aspects of the fundamental
theory of gravity. This article reviews recent development in models with Large
Extra Dimensions and Black hole production at future colliders. Experimental
results from current experiments as well as the expectation for the future
colliders are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149119 </DOCNO>
Cancellation of UV Divergences in the N=4 SUSY Nonlinear Sigma Model in


  We study the UV properties of the three-dimensional ${\cal N}=4$ SUSY
nonlinear sigma model whose target space is $T^*(CP^{N-1})$ (the cotangent
bundle of $CP^{N-1}$) to higher orders in the 1/N expansion. We calculate the
$\beta$-function to next-to-leading order and verify that it has no quantum
corrections at leading and next-to-leading orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99098 </DOCNO>
Dimensional reduction, SL(2,C)-equivariant bundles and stable


  In this paper we study gauge theory on SL(2,C)-equivariant bundles over
XxP^1, where X is a compact Kahler manifold, P^1 is the complex projective
line, and the action of SL(2,C) is trivial on X and standard on P^1. We first
classify these bundles, showing that they are in correspondence with objects on
X - that we call holomorphic chains - consisting of a finite number of
holomorphic bundles E_i and morphisms E_i->E_{i-1}. We then prove a
Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence relating the existence of solutions to certain
natural gauge-theoretic equations and an appropriate notion of stability for an
equivariant bundle and the corresponding chain. A central tool in this paper is
a dimensional reduction procedure which allow us to go from XxP^1 to X.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126071 </DOCNO>
Leptons with E>200 MeV trapped in the Earth's radiation belts


  For the first time accurate measurements of electron and positron fluxes in
the energy range 0.2-10 GeV have been performed with the Alpha Magnetic
Spectometer (AMS) instrument at altitudes of 370-390 Km in the geographic
latitude interval +/- 51.7 deg. We present an original analysis of the AMS
data, focused on the study of the under-cutoff component of these fluxes,
outside the region of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). A separation in
quasi-trapped, long lifetime (O(10 s)), and albedo, short life time (O(100
ms)), components is found. The flux maps as a function of the canonical
adiabatic variables L, alpha0 are determined in the interval
(L,alpha0)=(0.95-3,0-90) for electrons with E less than 10 GeV, and positrons
with E less than 3 GeV. The results are compared with existing data at lower
energies and in similar L, alpha0 range. The properties of the observed
under-cutoff particles are also investigated in terms of their residence times
and geographical origin. The resulting distributions are discussed and related
to the characteristics of the drift shells observed by AMS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72662 </DOCNO>
Transversity distributions in the nucleon in the large-N_c limit


  We compute the quark and antiquark transversity distributions in the nucleon
at a low normalization point of 600 MeV in the large-$N_c$ limit, where the
nucleon can be described as a soliton of an effective chiral theory (chiral
quark-soliton model). The flavor-nonsinglet distributions, $\delta u(x) -
\delta d(x)$ and $\delta\bar u(x) - \delta\bar d(x)$, appear in leading order
of the $1/N_c$-expansion, while the flavor-singlet distributions, $\delta u(x)
+ \delta d(x)$ and $\delta\bar u(x) + \delta\bar d(x)$, are non-zero only in
next-to-leading order. The transversity quark and antiquark distributions are
found to be significantly different from the longitudinally polarized
distributions $\Delta u (x) \pm \Delta d (x)$ and $\Delta\bar u (x) \pm
\Delta\bar d (x)$, respectively, in contrast to the prediction of the naive
non-relativistic quark model. We show that this affects the predictions for the
spin asymmetries in Drell-Yan pair production in transversely polarized pp and
ppbar collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124585 </DOCNO>
Phase Dependent Spectral Variability of 4U1907+09


  We report on ASCA, RXTE, and archival observations of the high mass X-ray
binary pulsar 4U1907+09. Spectral measurements of the absorption and flux were
made at all phases of the X-ray pulsar orbit, including the first spectral
measurements of an extended period of low flux during two of the ASCA
observations. We find that a simple spherical wind model can fit the time
averaged light curve as measured by the RXTE ASM, but does not fit the observed
changes in the absorption column or account for the existence of the
phase-locked secondary flare. An additional model component consisting of a
trailing stream can account for the variations in column depth. However, these
models favor a high inclination angle for the system, suggesting a companion
mass more consistent with an identification as a Be-star. In this case an
equatorially enhanced wind and inclined neutron star orbit may be a more
appropriate interpretation of the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2446 </DOCNO>
Multifractality of wavefunctions at the quantum Hall transition


  We investigate numerically the statistics of wavefunction amplitudes
$\psi({\bf r})$ at the integer quantum Hall transition. It is demonstrated that
in the limit of a large system size the distribution function of $|\psi|^2$ is
log-normal, so that the multifractal spectrum $f(\alpha)$ is exactly parabolic.
Our findings lend strong support to a recent conjecture for a critical theory
of the quantum Hall transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87084 </DOCNO>
Proposal for Determining the Total Masses of Eccentric Binaries Using


  We propose a new method for determining total masses of low frequency
eccentric binaries (such as, neutron star binaries with orbital frequency
$f\gsim 10^{-3}$Hz) from their gravitational waves.
 In this method we use the frequency shift caused by periastron advance, and it
works even at low frequency band where chirp signal due to radiation reaction
is difficult to be measured. It is shown that the total masses of several
Galactic neutron star binaries might be measured accurately (within a few
percent error) by LISA with operation period of $\sim 10$ years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 328 </DOCNO>
Optical studies of gap, hopping energies and the Anderson-Hubbard


  We have investigated the electronic structure of the zigzag ladder (chain)
compound SrCuO2 combining polarized optical absorption, reflection,
photoreflectance and pseudo-dielectric function measurements with the model
calculations. These measurements yield an energy gap of 1.42 eV (1.77 eV) at
300 K along (perpendicular) to the Cu-O chains. We have found that the lowest
energy gap, the correlation gap, is temperature independent. The electronic
structure of this oxide is calculated using both the
local-spin-density-approximation with gradient correction method, and the
tight-binding theory for the correlated electrons. The calculated density of
electronic states for non-correlated and correlated electrons shows
quasi-one-dimensional character. The correlation gap values of 1.42 eV
(indirect transition) and 1.88 eV (direct transition) have been calculated with
the electron hopping parameters t = 0.30 eV (along a chain), t_yz = 0.12 eV
(between chains) and the Anderson-Hubbard repulsion on copper sites U= 2.0 eV.
We concluded that SrCuO_2 belongs to the correlated-gap insulators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72523 </DOCNO>
A model for decoherence of entangled beauty


  In the context of the entangled $B^0 \bar B^0$ state produced at the
$\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance, we consider a modification of the usual
quantum-mechanical time evolution with a dissipative term, which contains only
one parameter denoted by $\lambda$ and respects complete positivity. In this
way a decoherence effect is introduced in the time evolution of the 2-particle
$B^0 \bar B^0$ state, which becomes stronger with increasing distance between
the two particles. While our model of time evolution has decoherence for the
2-particle system, we assume that, after the decay of one of the two B mesons,
the resulting 1-particle state obeys the purely quantum-mechanical time
evolution. From the data on dilepton events we derive an upper bound on
$\lambda$. We also show how $\lambda$ is related to the so-called ``decoherence
parameter'' $\zeta$, which parameterizes decoherence in neutral flavoured
meson--antimeson systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83696 </DOCNO>
Objects and their computational framework


  Most of the object notions are embedded into a logical domain, especially
when dealing with a database theory. Thus, their properties within a
computational domain are not yet studied properly. The main topic of this paper
is to analyze different concepts of the distinct computational primitive frames
to extract the useful object properties and their possible advantages. Some
important metaoperators are used to unify the approaches and to establish their
possible correspondences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127774 </DOCNO>
The cosmic shear STIS parallel program - First results


  Since the Universe is inhomogeneous on scales well below the Hubble radius,
light bundles from distant galaxies are deflected and distorted by the tidal
gravitational field of the large-scale matter distribution as they propagate
through the Universe. Two-point statistical measures of the observed
ellipticities, like the dispersion within a finite aperture or the ellipticity
cross-correlation, can be related to the power spectrum of the large-scale
structure. The measurement of cosmic shear (especially on small angular scales)
can thus be used to constrain cosmological parameters and to test cosmological
structure formation in the non-linear regime, without any assumptions about the
relation between luminous and dark matter. In this paper we will present
preliminary cosmic shear measurements on sub-arcminute scales, obtained from
archival STIS parallel data. The high angular resolution of HST, together with
the sensitivity and PSF-stability of STIS, allows us to measure cosmic shear
along many independent lines-of-sight. Ongoing STIS parallel observations,
currently being carried out in the frame of a big GO program (8562+9248), will
greatly increase the number of available useful fields and will enable us to
measure cosmic shear with higher accuracy on sub-arcminute scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 868 </DOCNO>
Errors drive the evolution of biological signalling to costly codes


  Reduction of costs in biological signalling seems an evolutionary advantage,
but recent experiments have shown signalling codes shifted to signals of high
cost with a underutilisation of low cost signals. Here I show that errors in
the efficient translation of biological states into signals shift codes to
higher costs, effectively performing a quality control. The statistical
structure of signal usage is predicted to be of a generalised Boltzmann form
that penalises signals that are costly and sensitive to errors. This predicted
distribution of signal usage against signal cost has two main features: an
exponential tail required for cost efficiency and an underutilisation of the
low cost signals required to protect the signalling quality from the errors.
These predictions are shown to correspond quantitatively to the experiments in
which gathering signal statistics is feasible as in visual cortex neurons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73595 </DOCNO>
Precision test of a Fermion mass texture


  Texture zeros in the quark Yukawa matrices generally lead to precise and
simple expressions for CKM matrix elements in terms of ratios of quark masses.
Using the new data on $b-$decays we test a particularly promising texture zero
solution and show that it is at best approximate. We analyse the approximate
texture zero structure and show it is consistent with experiment. We
investigate the implications for the CKM unitarity triangle, measurements at
$BaBar$ and $BELLE$ as well as for the theories which invoke family symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97542 </DOCNO>
Generalized Continuity Equation and Modified Normalization in


  The continuity equation relating the change in time of the position
probability density to the gradient of the probability current density is
generalized to PT-symmetric quantum mechanics. The normalization condition of
eigenfunctions is modified in accordance with this new conservation law and
illustrated with some detailed examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114513 </DOCNO>
Beyond the poor man's implementation of unconditionally stable


  For the recently introduced algorithms to solve the time-dependent Maxwell
equations (see Phys.Rev.E Vol.64 p.066705 (2001)), we construct a variable grid
implementation and an improved spatial discretization implementation that
preserve the property of the algorithms to be unconditionally stable by
construction. We find that the performance and accuracy of the corresponding
algorithms are significant and illustrate their practical relevance by
simulating various physical model systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128694 </DOCNO>
Velocity dispersion of stars and gas motion in double-barred galaxies


  The current state of the problem of double-barred galaxies investigation is
reviewed. The necessity for application of the panoramic spectroscopy methods
to a detailed study of kinematics of these objects is being proved. The first
results of observing double-barred galaxies at the 6m telescope using the
multipupil spectrograph MPFS and the scanning interferometer Fabry-Perot are
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84068 </DOCNO>
Pseudorandom permutations with the fast forward property


  We describe an efficient construction of pseudorandom permutations $P$ with
the fast forward property, namely, such that for each m the computation of
P^m(x) can be done with a constant number of calls to an underlying
pseudorandom permutation. This solves an open problem of Naor and Reingold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6676 </DOCNO>
Planar pyrochlore: a strong-coupling analysis


  Recent investigations of the two-dimensional spin-1/2 checkerboard lattice
favor a valence bond crystal with long range quadrumer order [J.-B. Fouet et
al., preprint cond-mat/0108070]. Starting from the limit of isolated
quadrumers, we perform a complementary analysis of the evolution of the spin
spectrum as a function of the inter quadrumer coupling j using both, exact
diagonalization (ED) and series expansion (SE) by continuous unitary
transformation. We compute (i) the ground state energy, (ii) the elementary
triplet excitations, (iii) singlet excitations on finite systems and find very
good agreement between SE and ED. In the thermodynamic limit we find a ground
state energy substantially lower than documented in the literature. The
elementary triplet excitation is shown to be gapped and almost dispersionless,
whereas the singlet sector contains strongly dispersive modes. Evidence is
presented for the low energy singlet excitations in the spin gap in the
vicinity of j=1 to result from a large downward renormalization of local
high-energy states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 887 </DOCNO>
Chaos in a Jahn-Teller Molecule


  The Jahn-Teller system E x b_1 + b_2 has a particular degeneracy, where the
vibronic potential has an elliptical minimum. In the general case where the
ellipse does not reduce to a circle, the classical motion in the potential is
chaotic, tending to trapping near one of the extrema of the ellipse. In the
quantum problem, the motion consists of correlated tunneling from one extremum
to the opposite, leading to an average angular momentum reminiscent of that of
the better known E x e dynamic Jahn-Teller system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3756 </DOCNO>
Density functional study of the adsorption of K on the Cu(111) surface


  The adsorption of potassium on the Cu(111) surface in a 2x2 pattern has been
simulated with all-electron full-potential density functional calculations. The
top site is found to be the preferred adsorption site, with the other highly
symmetric adsorption sites being nearly degenerate. The bond length from
potassium to the nearest copper atom is computed to be 2.83 Angstrom.
Population analysis and density of states indicate that there is no evidence
for covalent bonding so that the binding mechanism appears to be a metallic
bond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167989 </DOCNO>
Inertia of Casimir energy


  Moving mirrors are submitted to reaction forces by vacuum fields. The
motional force is known to vanish for a single mirror uniformly accelerating in
vacuum. We show that inertial forces (proportional to accelerations) arise in
the presence of a second scatterer, exhibiting properties expected for a
relative inertia: the mass corrections depend upon the distance between the
mirrors, and each mirror experiences a force proportional to the acceleration
of the other one. When the two mirrors move with the same acceleration, the
mass correction obtained for the cavity represents the contribution to inertia
of Casimir energy. Accounting for the fact that the cavity moves as a stressed
rigid body, it turns out that this contribution fits Einstein's law of inertia
of energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74086 </DOCNO>
Pade Estimate of QCD's Infrared Boundary


  A mass scale $\mu_c$ representing the boundary between effective theories of
strong interactions and perturbative QCD (infrared and ultraviolet regimes)
exists when the $\beta$-function is characterized by a simple pole. This
behaviour, which is known to occur in N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories,
leads to an infrared attractor in the evolution of the coupling constant, with
the mass scale $\mu_c$ of the attractor providing a natural boundary between
the infrared and ultraviolet regimes. It is demonstrated that [2|2], [3|1] and
[1|3] Pade-approximant versions of the three-flavour QCD $\beta$-function each
contain a simple pole corresponding to such an infrared attractor. All three
approximants, separately considered, are seen to lead to nearly equivalent
estimates for the mass scale $\mu_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41274 </DOCNO>
Violation of the Equivalence Principle in the light of the SNO and SK


  The SNO result on charged current deuteron disintegration, the
SuperKamiokande 1258-day data on electron scattering, and other solar neutrino
results are used to revisit the model of neutrino oscillations driven by a
violation of the equivalence principle. We use a chisq minimization technique
to examine oscillation between the nu(e) and another active neutrino, both
massless, and find that within the Standard Solar Model the fit to the SNO and
SuperKamiokande spectra are moderately good while a very good fit is obtained
when the absolute normalizations of the 8B and hep neutrino fluxes are allowed
to vary. The best fit prefers large, but not maximal, mixing, essentially no
hep neutrinos, and a 40% reduction in the 8B neutrino flux. The fit to the
total rates from the different experiments is not encouraging but when the
rates and spectra are considerd together the situation is much improved. We
remark on the expectations of the VEP model for the neutral current
measurements at SNO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72585 </DOCNO>
A Unified Model of Exclusive $\rho^0$, $\phi$ and $\jpsi$


  A two-component model is developed for diffractive electroproduction of
$\rho^0$, $\phi$ and $\jpsi$, based on non-perturbative and perturbative
two-gluon exchange. This provides a common kinematical structure for
non-perturbative and perturbative effects, and allows the role of the
vector-meson vertex functions to be explored independently of the production
dynamics. A good global description of the vector-meson data is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72626 </DOCNO>
Precision Predictions for (Un)Stable WW/4f Production in e +e-


  We present precision calculations of the processes e+ e- -> 4-fermions in
which the double resonant W+ W- and ZZ intermediate states occur. Referring to
these latter intermediate states as the 'signal processes', we show that, by
using the YFS Monte Carlo event generators YFSWW3-1.14 and KoralW-1.42 in an
appropriate combination, we achieve a physical precision on the WW signal
process, as isolated with LEP2 MC Workshop cuts, below 0.5 per cent. We stress
the full gauge invariance of our calculations and we compare our results with
those of other authors where appropriate. In particular, sample Monte Carlo
data are explicitly illustrated and compared with the results of the program
RacoonWW of Denner et al. In this way, we cross check that the total (physical
oplus technical) precision tag for the WW signal process cross section is 0.4
per cent for 200 GeV, for example. Results are also given for 500 GeV with an
eye toward the LC. For the analogous ZZ case, we cross check that our YFSZZ
calculation yields a total precision tag of 2 per cent, when it is compared to
the results of ZZTO and GENTLE of Passarino and Bardin et al., respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2457 </DOCNO>
Shot noise in ferromagnet - normal metal systems


  A semiclassical theory of the low frequency shot noise in ferromagnet -
normal metal systems is formulated. Non-collinear magnetization directions of
the ferromagnetic leads, arbitrary junctions and the elastic and inelastic
scattering regimes are considered. The shot noise is governed by a set of
mesoscopic parameters that are expressed in terms of the microscopic details of
the junctions in the circuit. Explicit results in the case of ballistic,
tunnel, and diffusive junctions are evaluated. The shot noise, the current and
the Fano factor are calculated for a double barrier ferromagnet - normal metal
- ferromagnet system. It is demonstrated that the shot noise can have a
non-monotonic behavior as a function of the relative angle between the
magnetizations of the ferromagnetic reservoirs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2381 </DOCNO>
Fermi liquid to Luttinger liquid transition at the edge of a


  We present experimental results on the tunneling into the edge of a two
dimensional electron gas (2DEG) obtained with a GaAs/AlGaAs cleaved edge
overgrown structure in a strong perpendicular magnetic field. While the 2DEG
exhibits typical fractional quantum Hall features of a very high mobility
sample, we observe the onset of a non-linear current-voltage characteristic in
the vicinity of nu=1. For filling factor nu<1 the system is consistent with a
non-Fermi liquid behavior, such as a Luttinger liquid, whereas for nu>1 we
observe an Ohmic tunneling resistance between the edge and a three dimensional
contact, typical for a Fermi liquid. Hence, at the edge, there is a transition
from a Luttinger liquid to a Fermi liquid. Finally, we show that the Luttinger
liquid exponent at a given filling factor is not universal but depends on
sample parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128620 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations of Cygnus X-2


  We report on a joint BeppoSAX/RossiXTE observation of the Z-type low mass
X-ray binary Cyg X-2. The source was in the so-called high overall intensity
state and in less than 24 hours went through all three branches of the Z-track.
The continuum x-ray spectrum could be described by the absorbed sum of a soft
thermal component, modeled as either a blackbody or a multicolor disk
blackbody, and a Comptonized component. The timing power spectrum showed
several components including quasiperiodic oscillations in the range 28-50 Hz
while the source was on the horizontal branch (horizontal branch oscillation;
HBO). We found that the HBO frequency was well correlated with the parameters
of the soft thermal component in the x-ray spectrum. We discuss implications of
this correlation for models of the HBO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1978 </DOCNO>
Electron-vibration coupling constants in positively charged fullerene


  Recent experiments have shown that C60 can be positively field-doped. In that
state, fullerene exhibits a higher resistivity and a higher superconducting
temperature than the corresponding negatively doped state. A strong
intramolecular hole-phonon coupling, connected with the Jahn-Teller effect of
the isolated positive ion, is expected to be important for both properties, but
the actual coupling strengths are so far unknown. Based on density functional
calculations, we determine the linear couplings of the two a_g, six g_g, and
eight h_g vibrational modes to the H_u HOMO level of the C60 molecule. The
couplings predict a D_5 distortion, and an H_u vibronic ground state for C60^+.
They are also used to generate the dimensionless coupling constant <lambda>
which controls the superconductivity and the phonon contribution to the
electrical resistivity in the crystalline phase. We find that <lambda> is 1.4
times larger in positively-charged C60 than in the negatively-doped case. These
results are discussed in the context of the available transport data and
superconducting temperatures. The role of higher orbital degeneracy in
superconductivity is also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6745 </DOCNO>
Clustering in N-Body gravitating systems


  Self-gravitating systems have acquired growing interest in statistical
mechanics, due to the peculiarities of the 1/r potential. Indeed, the usual
approach of statistical mechanics cannot be applied to a system of many point
particles interacting with the Newtonian potential, because of (i) the long
range nature of the 1/r potential and of (ii) the divergence at the origin. We
study numerically the evolutionary behavior of self-gravitating systems with
periodical boundary conditions, starting from simple initial conditions. We do
not consider in the simulations additional effects as the (cosmological) metric
expansion and/or sophisticated initial conditions, since we are interested
whether and how gravity by itself can produce clustered structures. We are able
to identify well defined correlation properties during the evolution of the
system, which seem to show a well defined thermodynamic limit, as opposed to
the properties of the ``equilibrium state''.
 Gravity-induced clustering also shows interesting self-similar
characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96119 </DOCNO>
The Canonical Differential Complex of Poisson Manifold and Distributions


  We study variuos homological structures associated with Poisson algebra, the
canonical differential complex for singular Poisson structure and the analogue
of the star operator for such manifolds.
  Give the interpretation of the classical Koszul differential of exterior
forms, as the supercommutator with some second order element.
  Describe the space of invariant distributions on manifold with singular
Poisson structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3995 </DOCNO>
Numerical simulation of a binary communication channel: Comparison


  The mutual information of a single-layer perceptron with $N$ Gaussian inputs
and $P$ deterministic binary outputs is studied by numerical simulations. The
relevant parameters of the problem are the ratio between the number of output
and input units, $\alpha = P/N$, and those describing the two-point
correlations between inputs. The main motivation of this work refers to the
comparison between the replica computation of the mutual information and an
analytical solution valid up to $\alpha \sim O(1)$. The most relevant results
are: (1) the simulation supports the validity of the analytical prediction, and
(2) it also verifies a previously proposed conjecture that the replica solution
interpolates well between large and small values of $\alpha$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149301 </DOCNO>
sl(2) Construction of Type A N-fold supersymmetry


  N-fold supersymmetry is an extension of the ordinary supersymmetry in
one-dimensional quantum mechanics. One of its major property is
quasi-solvability, which means that energy eigenvalues can be obtained for a
portion of the spectra. We show that recently found Type A N-fold supersymmetry
can be constructed by using sl(2) algebra, which provides a basis for the
quasi-solvability. By this construction we find a condition for the Type A
N-fold supersymmetry, which is less restrictive than the condition known
previously. Several explicitly known models are also examined in the light of
this construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124665 </DOCNO>
Magnetorotational Instability in a Rotating Liquid Metal Annulus


  Although the magnetorotational instability (MRI) has been widely accepted as
a powerful accretion mechanism in magnetized accretion disks, it has not been
realized in the laboratory. The possibility of studying MRI in a rotating
liquid-metal annulus (Couette flow) is explored by local and global stability
analysis and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. Stability diagrams are
drawn in dimensionless parameters, and also in terms of the angular velocities
at the inner and outer cylinders. It is shown that MRI can be triggered in a
moderately rapidly rotating table-top apparatus, using easy-to-handle metals
such as gallium. Practical issues of this proposed experiment are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125253 </DOCNO>
Tau Neutrinos in the Auger Observatory : A New Window to UHECR Sources


  The cosmic ray spectrum has been shown to extend well beyond 10^{20}eV. With
nearly 20 events observed in the last 40 years, it is now established that
particles are accelerated or produced in the universe with energies near
10^{21}eV. In all production models neutrinos and photons are part of the
cosmic ray flux. In acceleration models (bottom-up models), they are produced
as secondaries of the possible interactions of the accelerated charged
particle; in direct production models (top-down models) they are a dominant
fraction of the decay chain. In addition, hadrons above the GZK threshold
energy will also produce, along their path in the Universe, neutrinos and
photons as secondaries of the pion photo-production processes. Therefore,
photons and neutrinos are very distinctive signatures of the nature and
distribution of the potential sources of ultra high energy cosmic rays. In the
following we describe the tau neutrino detection and identification
capabilities of the Auger observatory. We show that in the range
3x10^{17}-3x10^{20}eV the Auger effective apperture reaches a few tenths of
km^2.sr, making the observatory sensitive to fluxes as low as a few tau
neutrinos per km^2.sr.year. In the hypothesis of nu_mu <-->nu_tau oscillations
with full mixing, this sensitivity allows to probe the GZK cutoff as well as to
provide model independent constraints on the mechanisms of production of ultra
high energy cosmic rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148594 </DOCNO>
The Quantisation of Charges


  The question as to whether the integrality of the spectrum of observed
electric charges is due to a quantum effext has fascinated theoretical
physicists throughout the last century. It leads to unanswered questions at the
heart of quantum field theory and its role as a framework for particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98749 </DOCNO>
Frobenius pull-back and stability of vector bundles in characteristic 2


  Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus g>1 over an algebraically closed
field of characteristic 2. Pull-back by the (absolute) Frobenius on X only
defines a rational morphism on the moduli scheme of rank-2 vector bundles on X,
because the Frobenius pull-back may destory stability of a vector bundle. This
paper introduces and studies a Harder-Narasimhan type stratification on the
moduli scheme and proves that the family of semi-stable rank-2 vector bundles
(with a fixed degree) whose Frobenius pull-back are not semi-stable is
parameterized by an irreducible subscheme of dimension 3g-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113605 </DOCNO>
The Nonlinear Maxwell Theory---an Outline


  The goal of this paper is to sketch a broader outline of the mathematical
structures present in the Nonlinear Maxwell Theory in continuation of work
presented in my previous articles. In particular, I display new types of both
dynamic and static solutions of the Nonlinear Maxwell Equations (NM). I point
out how the resulting theory ties to the Quantum Mechanics of Correlated
Electrons inasmuch as it provides a mesoscopic description of phenomena like
nonresistive charge transport, static magnetic flux tubes, and charge stripes
in a way consistent with both the phenomenology and the microscopic principles.
In addition, I point at a bunch of geometric structures intrinsic for the
theory. On one hand, the presence of these structures indicates that the
equations at hand can be used as `probing tools' for purely geometric
exploration of low-dimensional manifolds. On the other hand, global aspects of
these structures are in my view prerequisite to incorporating (quantum)
informational features of Correlated Electron Systems within the framework of
the Nonlinear Maxwell Theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179519 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Pseudospin Symmetry and the Structure of Nuclear States


  We show that a natural explanation for characteristic features (angular
momentum and radial quantum numbers) of pseudospin doublets and intruder levels
in nuclei can be obtained by combining the relativistic attributes of
pseudospin symmetry with known properties of Dirac bound states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148891 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariance and Tachyon Condensation in Open String Field Theory


  The gauge invariance of open string field theory is considered from the point
of view of level truncation, and applications to the tachyon condensation
problem are discussed. We show that the region of validity of Feynman-Siegel
gauge can be accurately determined using the level truncation method. We then
show that singularities previously found in the tachyon effective potential are
gauge artifacts arising from the boundary of the region of validity of
Feynman-Siegel gauge. The problem of finding the stable vacuum and tachyon
potential without fixing Feynman-Siegel gauge is addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3090 </DOCNO>
Spin-phase interference, coherent superposition, and quantum tunneling


  The spin-phase interference effects are studied analytically in resonant
quantum tunneling of the N\'{e}el vector between degenerate excited levels in
nanometer-scale single-domain antiferromagnets in the absence of an external
magnetic field. We consider a model for mesoscopic antiferromagnets with
uncompensated excess spins for the more general structure of magnetic
anisotropy, such as biaxial, trigonal, tetragonal and hexagonal crystal
symmetry. This study provides a nontrivial generalization of the Kramers
degeneracy for double-well system to coherently spin tunneling at ground states
as well as low-lying excited states in AFM system with $m$-fold rotational
symmetry around the $\hat{z}$ axis. The energy level spectrum and the
thermodynamic properties of magnetic tunneling states are found to depend
significantly on the parity of the excess spins at sufficiently low
temperatures. Possible relevance to experiments is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169104 </DOCNO>
Bell's Inequalities In 4-dimension Rieman's Space


  It is shown that the nature of quantum statistics can study in assumption of
existence of a background of random gravitational fields and waves, distributed
isotropically in the space. This background is capable of correlating phases of
oscillations of identical microobjects. If such a background of random
gravitational fields and waves is considered as hidden variables. It is shown
that the classic physical of Bells observable in the 4-dimensions Rieman's
space gives the value matching the experimental data. The nature of the
entanglement states we are study here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168061 </DOCNO>
Interferometry with Entangled Atoms


  A quantum gravity-gradiometer consists of two spatially separated ensembles
of atoms interrogated by pulses of a common laser beam. Laser pulses cause the
probability amplitudes of atomic ground-state hyperfine levels to interfere,
producing two motion-sensitive phase shifts which allow the measurement of the
average acceleration of each ensemble, and, via simple differencing, of the
acceleration gradient. Here I propose entangling the quantum states of the two
ensembles prior to the pulse sequence, and show that entanglement encodes their
relative acceleration in a single interference phase which can be measured
directly, with no need for differencing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 89 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Adiabatic Magnetization of cold Dy_N Clusters


  Magnetic properties of Dy_N clusters in a molecular beam generated with a
liquid helium cooled nozzle are investigated by Stern-Gerlach experiments. The
cluster magnetizations \mu_z are measured as a function of magnetic field (B =
0 - 1.6T) and cluster size (16 < N < 56). The most important observation is the
saturation of the magnetization \mu_z(B) at large field strengths. The
magnetization approaches saturation following the power law |\mu_z-\mu_0|
proportional to 1/\sqrt{B}, where \mu_0 denotes the magnetic moment. This gives
evidence for adiabatic magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168918 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics and the continuum problem (with referee reports)


  It is shown that Feynman's formulation of quantum mechanics can be reproduced
as a description of the set of intermediate cardinality. Properties of the set
follow directly from the independence of the continuum hypothesis. Six referee
reports of Physical Review Letters, Europhysics Letters, and Journal of Physics
A are enclosed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4004 </DOCNO>
Slow dynamics and aging in a non-randomly frustrated spin system


  A simple, non-disordered spin model has been studied in an effort to
understand the origin of the precipitous slowing down of dynamics observed in
supercooled liquids approaching the glass transition. A combination of Monte
Carlo simulations and exact calculations indicates that this model exhibits an
entropy vanishing transition accompanied by a rapid divergence of time scales.
Measurements of various correlation functions show that the system displays a
hierarchy of time scales associated with different degrees of freedom. Extended
structures, arising from the frustration in the system, are identified as the
source of the slow dynamics. In the simulations, the system falls out of
equilibrium at a temperature $T_{g}$ higher than the entropy-vanishing
transition temperature and the dynamics below $T_{g}$ exhibits aging as
distinct from coarsening. The cooling rate dependence of the energy is also
consistent with the usual glass formation scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96679 </DOCNO>
Reduction and lifting of special metacyclic covers


  Special covers are metacyclic covers of the projective line, with Galois
group of order pm, which have a specific type of bad reduction to
characteristic p. Such covers arise in the study of the arithmetic of Galois
covers of the projective line with three branch points. Our results provide a
classification of all special covers in terms of certain lifting data in
characteristic p.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72340 </DOCNO>
X-rays from the environment of supermassive black holes in active


  X-rays are a powerful probe of the physical conditions in the nuclei of
active galaxies. We review the X-ray properties of radio-quiet AGN, LINERs and
ultraluminous IR galaxies based on observations carried out with the X-ray
satellite ROSAT. We then summarize the observations of giant X-ray flares from
non-active galaxies, interpreted as stellar tidal disruptions by supermassive
black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149830 </DOCNO>
On the universality class of the conifold


  The possibility of having discrete degrees of freedom at singularities
associated to `conifolds with discrete torsion' is studied. We find that the
field theory of D-brane probes near these singularities is identical to
ordinary conifolds, so that there are no additional discrete degrees of freedom
located at the singularity. We shed light on how the obstructions to resolving
the singularity are global topological issues rather that local obstrucions at
the singularity itself. We also analyze the geometric transitions and duality
cascades when one has fractional branes at the singularity and compute the
moduli space of an arbitrary number of probes in the geometry. We provide some
evidence for a conjecture that there are no discrete degrees of freedom
localized at any Calabi-Yau singularity that can not be guessed from
topological data away from the singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126710 </DOCNO>
Small Scale Structure at High Redshift: III. The Clumpiness of the


  Spectra from the Keck HIRES instrument of the Lyman alpha forests in the
lines of sight to the A and C components of the gravitationally lensed QSO
Q1422+231 were used to investigate the structure of the intergalactic medium at
mean redshift z = 3.3 on sub-kpc scales. We measured the cross-correlation
amplitude between the two Lyman alpha forests for a mean transverse separation
of 120 pc, and computed the RMS column density and velocity differences between
individual absorption systems seen in both lines of sight. The RMS differences
between the velocity centroids of the Lyman alpha forest lines were found to be
less than about 400 m/s, for unsaturated absorption lines with column densities
in the range 12<log N(HI)<14.13. The rate of energy transfer into the low
density IGM on a typical scale of 100 pc seems to be lower by 3-4 orders of
magnitude than the rate measured earlier for strong CIV metal absorption
systems. The tight correlation between HI column density and baryonic density
in the intergalactic medium was used to obtain an upper limit on the RMS
fluctuations of the baryonic density field. The fraction of the absorption
lines that are different across the lines of sight was used to determine the
filling factor of the universe for gas which has suffered recent hydrodynamic
disturbances. We thereby derived upper limits on the filling factor of galactic
outflows at high redshift. Short-lived, short-range ancient winds are
essentially unconstrained by this method but strong winds blowing for a
substantial fraction of a Hubble time (at z = 3.3) appear to fill less than 20
percent of the volume of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41118 </DOCNO>
T violation in neutrino oscillations in matter


  We consider the interplay of fundamental and matter-induced T violation
effects in neutrino oscillations in matter. After discussing the general
features of these effects we derive a simple approximate analytic expression
for the T-violating probability asymmetry \Delta P^T_{ab} for three-flavour
neutrino oscillations in a matter with an arbitrary density profile in terms of
the two-flavour neutrino amplitudes. Explicit examples are given for the cases
of a two-layer medium and for the adiabatic limit in the general case. We then
discuss implications of the obtained results for long baseline experiments. We
show, in particular, that asymmetric matter effects cannot hinder the
determination of the fundamental CP and T-violating phase \delta_{CP} in the
long baseline experiments as far as the error in this determination is larger
than 1% at 99% C.L. Since there are no T-violating effects in the two-flavour
case, and in the limits of vanishing \theta_{13} or \Delta m_{21}^2 the
three-flavour neutrino oscillations effectively reduce to the two-flavour ones,
studying the T-violating asymmetries \Delta P^T_{ab} can in principle provide
us with a complementary means of measuring \theta_{13} and \Delta m_{21}^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113501 </DOCNO>
Ablation of solids by femtosecond lasers: ablation mechanism and


  The mechanism of ablation of solids by intense femtosecond laser pulses is
described in an explicit analytical form. It is shown that at high intensities
when the ionization of the target material is complete before the end of the
pulse, the ablation mechanism is the same for both metals and dielectrics. The
physics of this new ablation regime involves ion acceleration in the
electrostatic field caused by charge separation created by energetic electrons
escaping from the target. The formulae for ablation thresholds and ablation
rates for metals and dielectrics, combining the laser and target parameters,
are derived and compared to experimental data. The calculated dependence of the
ablation thresholds on the pulse duration is in agreement with the experimental
data in a femtosecond range, and it is linked to the dependence for nanosecond
pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169523 </DOCNO>
Quasi-order of clocks and synchronism and quantum bounds for copying


  The statistical state of any (classical or quantum) system with non-trivial
time evolution can be interpreted as the pointer of a clock. The quality of
such a clock is given by the statistical distinguishability of its states at
different times. If a clock is used as a resource for producing another one the
latter can at most have the quality of the resource. We show that this
principle, formalized by a quasi-order, implies constraints on many physical
processes. Similarly, the degree to which two (quantum or classical) clocks are
synchronized can be formalized by a quasi-order of synchronism.
  Copying timing information is restricted by quantum no-cloning and
no-broadcasting theorems since classical clocks can only exist in the limit of
infinite energy. We show this quantitatively by comparing the Fisher timing
information of two output systems to the input's timing information. For
classical signal processing in the quantum regime our results imply that a
signal looses its localization in time if it is amplified and distributed to
many devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127058 </DOCNO>
Do globular clusters time the Universe?


  Estimating the age of the Universe is an old problem. Rapid progress in
observational cosmology in recent years has led to more accurate values of the
fundamental parameters. The current most popular model is a flat Universe, with
about 30% of the critical density in the form of matter (baryonic and
non-baryonic) and 70% in the form of `dark energy'. These two densities,
together with the Hubble constant (estimated to be about 70 km/s/Mpc),
constrain the age of the Universe to be approximately 13 Gyr. This expansion
age is uncomfortably close to the age of the oldest globular clusters
(approximately 12.5 Gyr), in particular if they formed relatively recently. We
review here proposed models of globular cluster formation and point out
possible conflicts with cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128041 </DOCNO>
Cluster Magnetic Fields


  Magnetic fields in galaxy clusters have been measured using a variety of
techniques, including: studies of synchrotron relic and halo radio sources
within clusters, studies of inverse Compton X-ray emission from clusters,
surveys of Faraday rotation measures of polarized radio sources both within and
behind clusters, and studies of Cluster Cold Fronts in X-ray images. These
measurements imply that most cluster atmospheres are substantially magnetized,
with typical field strengths of order 1 microGauss with high areal filling
factors out to Mpc radii. There is likely, however, to be considerable
variation in field strengths and topologies both within and between clusters,
especially when comparing dynamically relaxed clusters to those that have
recently undergone a merger. In some locations, such as the cores of cooling
flow clusters, the magnetic fields reach levels of 10 - 40 microGauss, and may
be dynamically important. In all clusters the magnetic fields have a
significant effect on energy transport in the intracluster medium. We also
review current theories on the origin of cluster magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128784 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical Polarimetric Signature Against TeV Fundamental Planck


  I present the analysis of data of astrophysical polarimetric observations
that gives the signature of the fundamental extra dimension Planck scale
magnitude essentially higher than $~1TeV$. Magnetic conversion of photons into
the fundamental particles (scalars, gravitons) is the probable mechanism that
can produce noticeable amount of polarization of optical radiation of
astrophysical objects, especially, of distant extragalactic sources. The
results of magnetic conversion process of optical light of extragalactic
sources are presented for a number of situations including: (a) intergalactic
magnetic field, (b) galaxy cluster magnetic field, (c) magnetic conversion in
the typical galaxy magnetic field, (d) magnetic conversion of CMB radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5033 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport in the Normal State of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 Films


  We have studied the magnetotransport properties in the normal state for a
series of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 films with values of y, between 0 and
0.12. A variable degree of compressive or tensile strain results from the
lattice mismatch between the substrate and the film, and affects the transport
properties differently from the influence of the zinc impurities. In
particular, the orbital magnetoresistance (OMR) varies with y but is
strain-independent. The relations for the resistivity and the Hall angle and
the proportionality between the OMR and tan^2 theta are followed about 70 K. We
have been able to separate the strain and impurity effects by rewriting the
above relations, where each term is strain-independent and depends on y only.
We also find that changes in the lattice constants give rise to closely the
same fractional changes in other terms of the equation.The OMR is more strongly
supressed by the addition of impurities than tan^2 theta. We conclude that the
relaxation ratethat governs Hall effect is not the same as for the
magnetoresistance. We also suggest a correspondence between the transport
properties and the opening of the pseudogap at a temperature which changes when
the La-sr ratio changes, but does not change with the addition of the zinc
impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5505 </DOCNO>
Out of Equilibrium Non-perturbative Quantum Field Dynamics in


  The quantum dynamics of the symmetry broken lambda (Phi^2)^2 scalar field
theory in the presence of an homogeneous external field is investigated in the
large N limit. We choose as initial state the ground state for a constant
external field J .The sign of the external field is suddenly flipped from
 J to - J at a given time and the subsequent quantum dynamics calculated.
Spinodal instabilities and parametric resonances produce large quantum
fluctuations in the field components transverse to the external field. This
allows the order parameter to turn around the maximum of the potential for
intermediate times. Subsequently, the order parameter starts to oscillate near
the global minimum for external field - J, entering a novel quasi-periodic
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114155 </DOCNO>
An Intuitive Approach to Special and General Relativity


  The k-calculus was advanced by Hermann Bondi as a means of explaining special
relativity using only simple algebra (Bondi H.: Relativity and Common Sense,
London, Heinemann, 1964). As used by Bondi, k is Doppler shift. This paper
extends the k-calculus to include gravitational red shift and to develop
techniques for an introductory treatment of general relativity in which the
emphasis is on mathematical deduction from physical measurement procedure.
Using ideas of geometric optics, geodesic motion is understood from the
refraction of the wave function due curvature. The k-calculus gives a very
simple derivation of Schwarzschild, showing that the geometry is equivalent to
the existence of a fundamental minimum time, proportional to rest mass, between
the interactions of elementary particles. The Newtonian approximation is seen
from direct application of red shift to the wave function. Finally differential
geometry is introduced, showing that the k-calculus gives an equivalent
treatment of general relativity up to and including the general form of
Einstein's field equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114473 </DOCNO>
Unified Model of Bivacuum, Particles Duality, Electromagnetism,


  Unified Model (UM) is a next stage of our efforts for unification of vacuum,
matter and fields from few ground postulates. New concept of Bivacuum is
introduced, as a dynamic matrix of the Universe, composed from non mixing
sub-quantum particles of the opposite energies, forming vortical structures.
 These structures are presented by infinitive number of three-dimensional (3D)
double cells-dipoles, each cell containing a pair of correlated rotors and
antirotors: V(+)and V(-) of the opposite quantized energy, virtual mass, spin,
charge and magnetic moments. Bivacuum has a properties of the active medium.
The matter in form of sub-elementary particles or antiparticles is a result of
double cells symmetry shift towards the positive or negative energy,
correspondingly. Their triplets form elementary particles and antiparticles.
The [corpuscle (C) - wave (W)] duality is a result of quantum beats between the
 'actual' and 'complementary' states of sub-elementary particles/antiparticles.
The [C] phase represents the mass, electric and magnetic asymmetric dipoles.
The [W] phase exists in form of Cumulative virtual cloud (CVC) of sub-quantum
particles. The influence of 'Harmonization Force (HaF)' of Bivacuum oscillation
on matter is a result of induced resonance between virtual pressure waves (VPW)
of Bivacuum and [C-W] pulsation of triplets of sub-elementary particles and
antiparticles, forming electrons, positrons, quarks, etc. The possibility of
extraction of energy from nonequilibrium Bivacuum (i.e. Searl effect) is a
result of HaF action. The mechanism of quantum entanglement is proposed also.
The pace of time for any closed system is determined by pace of kinetic energy
change of this system. The time oscillation (temporal field) is shown to be
related to oscillation of electromagnetic and gravitational fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168093 </DOCNO>
Slow light in three-level cold atoms: a numerical analysis


  We investigate theoretically the slow group velocity of a pulse probe laser
propagating through a cold sample and interacting with atoms in a three-level
$\Lambda$ configuration having losses towards external states. The EIT
phenomenon produces very small group velocities for the probe pulse in presence
of a strong coupling field even in presence of the population losses, as in an
open three-level system. The group velocity and the transmission of the pulses
are examined numerically as functions of several parameters, the adiabatic
transfer, the loss rate, the modification of the atomic velocity produced
within the cold sample. The conditions for a more efficient pulse transmission
through the cold atomic sample are specified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124555 </DOCNO>
Radiative Hydromagnetic Shocks in Relativistic Outflow Sources


  We calculate the structure of a relativistic shock wave in which the internal
energy of the shocked fluid is radiated away on a time scale much shorter than
the characteristic shock propagation time. The shock is assumed to move through
a uniformly magnetized, neutral plasma consisting of protons, electrons, and
positrons, and allowance is made for the possible production of
electron/positron pairs in the shock itself. The radiation mechanism is taken
to be synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission (the latter involving both
synchrotron-produced and externally supplied seed photons) by the electrons and
positrons. We simplify the discussion by considering a shock in which the
magnetic field is transverse to the direction of propagation and focus
attention on the properties of the radiative zone that forms behind the shock
transition. In particular, we investigate the possibility that the compression
induced by the cooling of the gas amplifies the magnetic pressure until it
reaches (and ultimately exceeds) equipartition with the thermal pressure
(which, in turn, limits the overall compression). We show that, if a
significant fraction of the postshock thermal energy is deposited in the
electron/positron component, then a considerable portion of the emitted
radiation will come from regions of strong magnetic field even if the field
immediately behind the shock transition is well below equipartition. This field
amplification mechanism may be relevant to the production of synchrotron flares
in blazars, miniquasars, and gamma-ray burst sources. We consider the latter
application in some detail and show that this process may play a role in the
prompt $\gamma$-ray and possibly also the optical ``flash'' and radio ``flare''
emission, but probably not in the afterglow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98733 </DOCNO>
Around Hilbert-Arnold Problem


  This lectures notes consists of four lectures. The first lecture discusses
questions around Hilbert-Arnold Problem which is naturally arises from
Quantitative Hilbert 16-th problem. In the second lecture we outline author's
solution of a weak form of Local Hilbert-Arnold Problem. This solution provides
an independent proof of Ilyashenko-Yakovenko Finiteness Theorem. The third
lecture discusses question of existence of a_P-stratification of Thom and
presents a simple geometric proof of existence of such a stratification for
polynomial functions, which was originally proven by Hironaka. The forth
lecture gives application of Grigoriev-Yakovenko's construction to the problem
of growth of the number of periodic points and the problem of bifurcation of
spacial polycycles. The latter problem naturally generalizes Local
Hilbert-Arnold Problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127308 </DOCNO>
The Role of Active Regions in the Generation of Torsional Oscillations


  We present a model for torsional oscillations where the inhibiting effect of
active region magnetic fields on turbulence locally reduces turbulent viscous
torques, leading to a cycle- and latitude-dependent modulation of the
differential rotation. The observed depth dependence of torsional oscillations
as well as their phase relationship with the sunspot butterfly diagram are
reproduced quite naturally in this model. The resulting oscillation amplitudes
are significantly smaller than observed, though they depend rather sensitively
on model details. Meridional circulation is found to have only a weak effect on
the oscillation pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87132 </DOCNO>
An analysis of a QND speed-meter interferometer


  In the quest to develop viable designs for third-generation optical
interferometric gravitational-wave detectors (e.g. LIGO-III and EURO), one
strategy is to monitor the relative momentum or speed of the test-mass mirrors,
rather than monitoring their relative position. This paper describes and
analyzes the most straightforward design for a {\it speed meter interferometer}
that accomplishes this -- a design (due to Braginsky, Gorodetsky, Khalili and
Thorne) that is analogous to a microwave-cavity speed meter conceived by
Braginsky and Khalili. A mathematical mapping between the microwave speed meter
and the optical interferometric speed meter is developed and is used to show
(in accord with the speed being a Quantum Nondemolition [QND] observable) that
{\it in principle} the interferometric speed meter can beat the
gravitational-wave standard quantum limit (SQL) by an arbitrarily large amount,
over an arbitrarily wide range of frequencies, and can do so without the use of
squeezed vacuum or any auxiliary filter cavities at the interferometer's input
or output. However, {\it in practice}, to reach or beat the SQL, this specific
speed meter requires exorbitantly high input light power. The physical reason
for this is explored, along with other issues such as constraints on
performance due to optical dissipation. This analysis forms a foundation for
ongoing attempts to develop a more practical variant of an interferometric
speed meter and to combine the speed meter concept with other ideas to yield a
promising LIGO-III/EURO interferometer design that entails low laser power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3349 </DOCNO>
Binary separation in very thin nematic films: thickness and phase


  The behavior as a function of temperature of very thin films (10 to 200 nm)
of pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) on silicon substrates is reported. In the vicinity
of the nematic/isotropic transition we observe a coexistence of two regions of
different thicknesses: thick regions are in the nematic state while thin ones
are in the isotropic state. Moreover, the transition temperature is shifted
downward following a 1/h^2 law (h is the film thickness). Microscope
observations and small angle X-ray scattering allowed us to draw a phase
diagram which is explained in terms of a binary first order phase transition
where thickness plays the role of an order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72899 </DOCNO>
The Spin Structure of the Nucleon: Theoretical Overview


  I review what is known about the quark and gluon spin distributions in the
nucleon. I discuss in some detail (a) the existence of sum rules for angular
momentum; (b) the interpretation and possible measurement of the nucleon's
transversity distributions; and (c) the uses of spin-dependent fragmentation
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 546 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Hall effect in chiral p-wave superconductor


  In a chiral superconductor with broken time-reversal symmetry a ``spontaneous
Hall effect'' may be observed. We analyze this phenomenon by taking into
account the surface properties of a chiral superconductor. We identify two main
contributions to the spontaneous Hall effect. One contribution originates from
the Bernoulli (or Lorentz) force from spontaneous currents running along the
surfaces of the superconductor. The other contribution has a topological origin
and is related to the intrinsic angular momentum of Cooper pairs. The latter
can be described in terms of a Chern-Simons-like term in the low-energy field
theory of the superconductor and has some similarities with the quantum Hall
effect. The spontaneous Hall effect in a chiral superconductor is, however,
non-universal. Our analysis is based on three approaches to the problem: a
self-consistent solution of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation, a generalized
Ginzburg-Landau theory, and a hydrodynamic formulation. All three methods
consistently lead to the same conclusion that the spontaneous Hall resistance
of a two-dimensional superconducting Hall bar is of order h/(e k_F\lambda)^2,
where k_F is the Fermi wave vector and \lambda is the London penetration depth;
the Hall resistance is substantially suppressed from a quantum unit of
resistance. Experimental issues in measuring this effect are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5581 </DOCNO>
Two band transport and the question of a metal-insulator transition in


  The magnetotransport of two dimensional holes in a GaAs/AlGaAs
heterostructure is studied experimentally and theoretically. Spin-orbit
splitting of the heavy hole band is manifested at high carrier densities in two
Shubnikov-de Haas frequencies, classical positive magnetoresistance, and weak
antilocalization. The latter effect combined with inelastic scattering between
the spin-orbit split bands lead to metallic characteristics, namely resistance
increase with temperature. At lower densities, when splitting is smaller than
the inverse elastic scattering time, the two bands effectively merge to yield
the expected insulating characteristics and negative magnetoresistance due to
weak localization and interaction corrections to the conductivity. The "metal
to insulator" transition at intermediate densities is found to be a smooth
crossover between the two regimes rather than a quantum phase transition. Two
band calculations of conventional interference and interaction effects account
well for the data in the whole parameter range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129629 </DOCNO>
Comments on the paper astro-ph/0103335 by C Rubano and P Scudellaro


  We briefly comment on a paper by Rubano and Scudellaro [astro-ph/0103335]
where they found general exact solutions for two classes of exponential
potentials in a scalar field model for quintessence. In that paper the authors
were led to some interesting conclusions after a proper choice of the
integration constants. By using dimensionless variables we show that the
integration constants can be found explicitly without additional assumptions.
In consequence we revise some results and conclusions in that paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74774 </DOCNO>
Light Unstable Sterile Neutrino


  The three massless active (doublet) neutrinos may mix with two heavy and one
\underline {light} sterile (singlet) neutrinos so that the induced masses and
mixings among the former are able to explain the present data on atmospheric
and solar neutrino oscillations. If the LSND result is also to be explained,
one active neutrino mass eigenstate must mix with the light sterile neutrino. A
specific model is proposed with the spontaneous and soft explicit breaking of a
new global $U(1)_S$ symmetry so that a sterile neutrino will decay into an
active antineutrino and a nearly massless pseudo-Majoron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76707 </DOCNO>
Non-Perturbative High-Energy QCD


  It is the aim of this talk to review our understanding of the high-energy
limit of QCD, focussing, in particular, on recent theoretical developments.
After a brief introduction, I will recall why the true high-energy limit of QCD
scattering processes is genuinly non-perturbative and why it has so far not
been possible to apply lattice methods to this type of physics. Given the
experimental fact of slowly rising hadronic cross sections, we are thus faced
with a fundamental problem comparable to that of confinement but without the
promise of the lattice. During the last years, the experimental side of this
field has largely been driven by the HERA accelerator, which has, naturally,
also influenced recent theoretical work in high-energy QCD. I will therefore
devote the second part of the talk to small-x deep inelastic scattering, in
particular the physics of diffraction, and attempt to describe its impact on
the wider field of non-perturbative high-energy QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4109 </DOCNO>
Single Molecule Statistics and the Polynucleotide Unzipping Transition


  We present an extensive theoretical investigation of the mechanical unzipping
of double-stranded DNA under the influence of an applied force. In the limit of
long polymers, there is a thermodynamic unzipping transition at a critical
force value of order 10 pN, with different critical behavior for homopolymers
and for random heteropolymers. We extend results on the disorder-averaged
behavior of DNA's with random sequences to the more experimentally accessible
problem of unzipping a single DNA molecule. As the applied force approaches the
critical value, the double-stranded DNA unravels in a series of discrete,
sequence-dependent steps that allow it to reach successively deeper energy
minima. Plots of extension versus force thus take the striking form of a series
of plateaus separated by sharp jumps. Similar qualitative features should
reappear in micromanipulation experiments on proteins and on folded RNA
molecules. Despite their unusual form, the extension versus force curves for
single molecules still reveal remnants of the disorder-averaged critical
behavior. Above the transition, the dynamics of the unzipping fork is related
to that of a particle diffusing in a random force field; anomalous,
disorder-dominated behavior is expected until the applied force exceeds the
critical value for unzipping by roughly 5 pN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126290 </DOCNO>
Difference Image Analysis of the OGLE-II bulge data. II. Microlensing


  We present a sample of microlensing events discovered in the Difference Image
Analysis (DIA) of the OGLE-II images collected during 3 observing seasons,
1997--1999. 4424 light curves pass our criteria on the presence of a
brightening episode on top of a constant baseline. Among those, 512 candidate
microlensing events were selected visually. We designed an automated procedure,
which unambiguously selects up to 237 best events. Including 8 candidate events
recovered by other means, a total of 520 light curves are presented in this
work.
  In addition to microlensing events, the larger sample contains certain types
of transients, but is also strongly contaminated by artifacts. All 4424 light
curves in the weakly filtered group are available electronically, with the
intent of showing the gray zone between microlensing events and variable stars,
as well as artifacts, to some extent inevitable in massive data reductions. We
welcome suggestions for improving the selection process before the full
analysis of complete 4 seasons of the OGLE-II bulge data. Selection criteria
for binary events can also be investigated with our extended sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7199 </DOCNO>
Flat Histogram Method of Wang-Landau and N-fold Way


  We present a method for estimating the density of states of a classical
statistical model. The algorithm successfully combines the Wang-Landau flat
histogram method with the N-fold way in order to improve efficiency of the
original single spin flip version. We test our implementation of the
Wang-Landau method with the two-dimensional nearest neighbor Ising model for
which we determine the tunneling time and the density of states. Furthermore,
we show that our new algorithm performs correctly at right edges of an energy
interval over which the density of states is computed. This removes a
disadvantage of the original single spin flip Wang-Landau method where results
showed systematically higher errors in the density of states at right
boundaries. We compare our data with the detailed numerical tests presented in
a study by Wang and Swendsen where the original Wang-Landau method was tested
against various other methods. Finally, we apply our method to a thin Ising
film of size $32\times 32\times 6$ with antisymmetric surface fields. With the
density of states obtained from the simulations we calculate canonical averages
related to the energy such as internal energy, Gibbs free energy and entropy,
but we also sample microcanonical averages during simulations in order to
determine canonical averages of the susceptibility, the order parameter and its
fourth order cumulant. We compare our results with simulational data obtained
from a conventional MC algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149277 </DOCNO>
Loop representation of charged particles interacting with Maxwell and


  The loop representation formulation of non-relativistic particles coupled
with abelian gauge fields is studied. Both Maxwell and Chern-Simons
interactions are separately considered. It is found that the loop-space
formulations of these models share significant similarities, although in the
Chern-Simons case there exists an unitary transformation that allows to remove
the degrees of freedom associated with the paths. The existence of this
transformation, which allows to make contact with the anyonic interpretation of
the model, is subjected to the fact that the charge of the particles be
quantized. On the other hand, in the Maxwell case, we find that charge
quantization is necessary in order to the geometric representation be
consistent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126098 </DOCNO>
The Milky Way as the Ultimate Extragalactic Source


  The GAIA satellite will observe the Galaxy and its closest satellites in
great detail. This should allow (i) dating past events of dwarf galaxies
merging or interacting with the Galaxy, and much improved orbital parameters of
the nine dwarf spheroidals and the Magellanic Clouds and (ii) dating of active
galactic nucleus (AGN) phases of the Galaxy several Gigayears in the past, by
detecting coeval star formation (e.g. open star clusters) that occurred along
kpc scale Galactic jets. Both predictions (i) and (ii) of past history will be
highly valuable for searching for or excluding topologically lensed images of
the Milky Way at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126355 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Evolution of Triplets of Galaxies


  By means of N-body simulations we study the global dynamics of triplets of
galaxies, considering initial conditions starting from `maximum expansion' and
in virial equilibrium. Unlike previous studies we treat galaxies
self-consistently. We do not consider the influence of a primordial common halo
of dark matter. Our results indicate that a low number of triple mergers are
expected at the present epoch (~10%) for collapsing triplets. Initially
virialised conditions yield ~5% of triple mergers in ~10 Gyr of evolution;
hence, the 3-galaxy problem has stable states. No overmerging problem for these
small groups of galaxies is found. Their geometrical properties, as reflected
by the Agekyan-Anosova map, do not show an excess of extreme hierarchical
triplets. The median velocity dispersion of observed compact triplets (~100
km/s) is not well reproduced in our models at the present epoch. However, about
10% of simulated triplets starting from maximum expansion have dynamical
properties very similar to them. Our median values agree, however, very well
with new data on triples. We find that the median mass estimators performs
somewhat better than the virial mass estimate. The VME underestimates mass by
\~35%. We conclude that Karachentsev's compact triplets probably represent the
most advanced stage of gravitational clustering of initially diffuse triplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169000 </DOCNO>
A quantum computer based on electrons floating on liquid helium


  Electrons on a helium surface form a quasi two-dimensional system which
displays the highest mobility reached in condensed matter physics. We propose
to use this system as a set of interacting quantum bits. We will briefly
describe the system and discuss how the qubits can be addressed and
manipulated, including interqubit excitation transfer. The working frequency of
the proposed quantum computer is ~1GHz. The relaxation rate can be at least 5
orders of magnitude smaller, for low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179067 </DOCNO>
A Realistic Description of Nucleon-Nucleon and Hyperon-Nucleon


  We upgrade a SU_6 quark-model description for the nucleon-nucleon and
hyperon-nucleon interactions by improving the effective meson-exchange
potentials acting between quarks. For the scalar- and vector-meson exchanges,
the momentum-dependent higher-order term is incorporated to reduce the
attractive effect of the central interaction at higher energies. The
single-particle potentials of the nucleon and Lambda, predicted by the G-matrix
calculation, now have proper repulsive behavior in the momentum region q_1=5 -
20 fm^-1. A moderate contribution of the spin-orbit interaction from the
scalar-meson exchange is also included. As to the vector mesons, a dominant
contribution is the quadratic spin-orbit force generated from the rho-meson
exchange. The nucleon-nucleon phase shifts at the non-relativistic energies up
to T_lab=350 MeV are greatly improved especially for the 3E states. The
low-energy observables of the nucleon-nucleon and the hyperon-nucleon
interactions are also reexamined. The isospin symmetry breaking and the Coulomb
effect are properly incorporated in the particle basis. The essential feature
of the Lambda N - Sigma N coupling is qualitatively similar to that obtained
from the previous models. The nuclear saturation properties and the
single-particle potentials of the nucleon, Lambda and Sigma are reexamined
through the G-matrix calculation. The single-particle potential of the Sigma
hyperon is weakly repulsive in symmetric nuclear matter. The single-particle
spin-orbit strength for the Lambda particle is very small, in comparison with
that of the nucleons, due to the strong antisymmetric spin-orbit force
generated from the Fermi-Breit interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95661 </DOCNO>
Growth of solutions for QG and 2D Euler equations


  We study the rate of growth of sharp fronts of the Quasi-geostrophic equation
and 2D incompressible Euler equations.. The development of sharp fronts are due
to a mechanism that piles up level sets very fast. Under a semi-uniform
collapse, we obtain a lower bound on the minimum distance between the level
sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126814 </DOCNO>
The distribution of mass around galaxies


  We explore the distribution of mass about the expected sites of galaxy
formation in a high-resolution hydrodynamical simulation of a LCDM cosmology
which includes cooling, star-formation and feedback. We show that the evolution
of the galaxy bias is non-trivial and non-monotonic and that the bias is
stochastic. We discuss the galaxy-mass cross-correlation function and highlight
problems with the interpretation of galaxy-galaxy lensing as due to extended
dark matter halos around ``typical'' galaxies. Finally we show that the
``external shear'' around strong gravitational lenses is likely to be closely
aligned with the direction of the nearest massive galaxy and to have a
power-law distribution which can be predicted from the galaxy auto-correlation
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85819 </DOCNO>
On the dynamics of superfluid neutron star cores


  We discuss the nature of the various modes of pulsation of superfluid neutron
stars using comparatively simple Newtonian models. The matter in these stars is
described in terms of a two-fluid model, where one fluid is the neutron
superfluid, which is believed to exist in the core and inner crust of mature
neutron stars, and the other fluid represents a conglomerate of all other
constituents (crust nuclei, protons, electrons, etc.). In our model, we
incorporate the non-dissipative interaction due to the so-called entrainment
effect, whereby the momentum of one constituent (e.g. the neutrons) carries
along part of the mass of the other constituent. We show that there is no
independent set of propagating g-modes in a superfluid neutron star core. We
also approach the toroidal pulsation modes of a slowly rotating superfluid
star. We show that the superfluid equations support a new class of r-modes.
Finally, the role of the entrainment effect on the superfluid mode frequencies
is shown explicitly via solutions to local dispersion relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97319 </DOCNO>
Triple Massey products on curves, Fay's trisecant identity and tangents


  We show that Fay's trisecant identity follows from the
$A_{\infty}$-constraint between certain triple Massey products in the derived
category of coherent sheaves on a curve. We also deduce the matrix analogue of
this identity that can be conveniently formulated using quasideterminants of
matrices with non-commuting entries. On the other hand, looking at more special
triple Massey products we derive a formula for the tangent line to a
canonically embedded curve at a given point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123457 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Optics Integral Field Spectroscopy of the Young Stellar Objects


  Progress in understanding the embedded stars in LkHa225 has been hampered by
their variability, making it hard to compare data taken at different times, and
by the limited resolution of the available data, which cannot probe the small
scales between the two stars. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties, we
present new near-infrared data on this object taken using the ALFA adaptive
optics system with the MPE 3D integral field spectrometer and the near-infrared
camera Omega-Cass. The stars themselves have K-band spectra which are dominated
by warm dust emission, analagous to class I-II for low mass YSOs, suggesting
that the stars are in a phase where they are still accreting matter. On the
other hand, the ridge of continuum emission between them is rather bluer,
suggestive of extincted and/or scattered stellar light rather than direct dust
emission. The compactness of the CO emission seen toward each star argues for
accretion disks (which can also account for much of the K-band veiling) rather
than a neutral wind. In contrast to other YSOs with CO emission, LkHa225 has no
detectable Br_gamma emission. Additionally there is no H_2 detected on the
northern star, although we do confirm that the strongest H_2 emission is on the
southern star, where we find it is excited primarily by thermal mechanisms. A
second knot of H_2 is observed to its northeast, with a velocity shift of
-75kms and a higher fraction of non-thermal emission. This is discussed with
reference to the H2O maser, the molecular outflow, and [S II] emission observed
between the stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2412 </DOCNO>
Competition of random and periodic potentials in interacting fermionic


  We study the competition between a random potential and a commensurate
potential on interacting fermionic and bosonic systems using a variety of
methods. We focus on one dimensional interacting fermionic systems but higher
dimensional bosonic and fermionic extensions, as well as classical equivalents
are also discussed. Our methods which include bosonization, replica variational
method, functional renormalization group (RG) and perturbation around the
atomic limit, go beyond conventional perturbative expansions around the
Luttinger liquid in one dimension. All these methods agree on the prediction in
these systems of a phase, the Mott glass, intermediate between the Anderson
Insulator (compressible, with a pseudogap in the optical conductivity) and the
Mott Insulator (incompressible with a gap in the optical conductivity). The
Mott glass, which was unexpected from a perturbative renormalization group
point of view has a pseudogap in the conductivity while remaining
incompressible. Having derived the existence of the Mott Glass phase in one
dimension, we show qualitatively that its existence can also be expected in
higher dimension. We discuss the relevance of this phase to experimental
systems such as disordered classical elastic systems and dirty bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86448 </DOCNO>
Spin-Rotation Coupling in Muon g-2 Experiments


  Spin-rotation coupling, or Mashhoon effect, is a phenomenon associated with
rotating observers. We show that the effect exists and plays a fundamental role
in the determination of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2545 </DOCNO>
Unusual magnetic susceptibility anisotropy in untwinned


  We present a study of the magnetic susceptibility in carefully detwinned
La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_4 single crystals in the lightly-doped region (x=0-0.03),
which demonstrates a remarkable in-plane anisotropy of the spin system. This
anisotropy is found to persist after the long-range antiferromagnetic (AF)
order is destroyed by hole doping, suggesting that doped holes break the AF
order into domains in which the spin alignment is kept essentially intact. It
turns out that the freezing of the spins taking place at low temperatures is
also notably anisotropic, implying that the "spin-glass" feature is governed by
the domain structure as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76531 </DOCNO>
Double parton scattering processes in $pp$ collisions and the scale


  The double parton collisions become increasingly important at high energies.
The scale factors are the dimensional parameters which characterize these
interactions and are the physical observables that can provide a first
quantitative information on the correlations in the hadron structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5347 </DOCNO>
Relaxation of the Phase in an Inhomogeneous Bose Gas


  An effective action is obtained of a Bose gas in the bulk separated into two
regions by a strong external potential depending on the single coordinate. The
main attention is focused on the relaxation of the difference between phases of
the weakly coupling condensates of the different bulk domains separated from
each other by the external potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149600 </DOCNO>
Low Energy Supersymmetry in Warped Brane Worlds


  We discuss physical implications of the four-dimensional effective
supergravity, that describes low-energy physics of the Randall--Sundrum model
with moduli fields in the bulk and charged chiral matter living on the branes.
Cosmological constant can be cancelled through the introduction of a brane
Polonyi field and a brane superpotential for the 4d dilaton. We deduce a
generalization of the effective 4d action to the case of a general, not
necessarily exponential, warp factor. We note, that breakdown of supersymmetry
in generic warped models may lead to the stabilization of the interbrane
distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124561 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of the Luminosity Function in Deep Fields: A Comparison


  The galaxy Luminosity Function (LF) has been estimated in the rest frame B
luminosity at 0<z<1.25 and at 1700 {\AA} for 2.5<z<4.5 from deep multicolor
surveys in the HDF-N, HDF-S, NTT-DF. The results have been compared with a
recent version of galaxy formation models in the framework of hierarchical
clustering in a flat Cold Dark Matter Universe with cosmological constant. The
results show a general agreement for z<= 1, although the model LF has a steeper
average slope at the faint end; at z~3 such feature results in an
overprediction of the number of faint (I_{AB}~ 27) galaxies, while the
agreement at the bright end becomes critically sensitive to the details of dust
absorption at such redshifts. The discrepancies at the faint end show that a
refined treatement of the physical processes involving smaller galaxies is to
be pursued in the models, in terms of aggregation processes and/or stellar
feedback heavily affecting the luminosity of the low luminosity objects. The
implications of our results on the evolution of the cosmological star formation
rate are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179375 </DOCNO>
pi^0 -> gamma gamma*, omega -> pi^0 gamma*, and rho -> pi gamma* decays


  We calculate the medium modification of the pi-omega-rho vertex and analyze
its significance for the pi^0 -> gamma gamma*, omega -> pi^0 gamma*, and rho ->
pi gamma* decays in nuclear matter. We use a relativistic hadronic approach at
zero temperature and in the leading-density limit, and consider decays of
particles at rest with respect to the medium. It is shown that for the pi^0 ->
gamma gamma* the effects of the Delta isobar cancel almost exactly the effects
of the nucleon ph excitations, such that the net medium effect is small. On the
contrary, for the decays omega -> pi^0 gamma* and rho -> pi gamma* we find a
sizeable increase of the partial widths at virtualities of the photon in the
range 0.3-0.6 GeV. The effect has direct significance for the calculation of
dilepton yields from the Dalitz decays in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125409 </DOCNO>
Statistical Properties of Bright Galaxies in the SDSS Photometric System


  We investigate the photometric properties of 456 bright galaxies using
imaging data recorded during the commissioning phase of the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS). Morphological classification is carried out by correlating
results of several human classifiers. Our purpose is to examine the statistical
properties of color indices, scale lengths, and concentration indices as
functions of morphology for the SDSS photometric system. We find that $u'-g'$,
$g'-r'$, and $r'-i'$ colors of SDSS galaxies match well with those expected
from the synthetic calculation of spectroscopic energy distribution of template
galaxies and with those transformed from $UBVR_CI_C$ color data of nearby
galaxies. The agreement is somewhat poor, however, for $i'-z'$ color band with
a discrepancy of $0.1-0.2$ mag. With the aid of the relation between surface
brightness and radius obtained by Kent (1985), we estimate the averages of the
effective radius of early type galaxies and the scale length of exponential
disks both to be 2.6 kpc for $L^*$ galaxies. We find that the half light radius
of galaxies depends slightly on the color bands, consistent with the expected
distribution of star-forming regions for late type galaxies and with the known
color gradient for early type galaxies. We also show that the (inverse)
concentration index, defined by the ratio of the half light Petrosian radius to
the 90% light Petrosian radius, correlates tightly with the morphological type;
this index allows us to classify galaxies into early (E/S0) and late (spiral
and irregular) types, allowing for a 15-20% contamination from the opposite
class compared with eye-classified morphology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4789 </DOCNO>
Edge-state effects on the magneto-polarizability of nanographite layers


  The possibility for carbon materials such as activated carbon fibers or
graphite ribbons, to support edge-states could change drastically their
magnetic properties. The purpose of this work is to propose a novel way to
identify the existence of those states by considering the behaviour of the
static electric polarizability under a perpendicular magnetic field. The
edge-sates are shown to induce a quadratic dependence on magnetic field
detectable experimentally nowaday.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41270 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the rate of nu_e + d --> p + p + e^- interactions


  Solar neutrinos from the decay of $^8$B have been detected at the Sudbury
Neutrino Observatory (SNO) via the charged current (CC) reaction on deuterium
and by the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The CC reaction is sensitive
exclusively to nu_e's, while the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to
nu_mu's and nu_tau's. The flux of nu_e's from ^8B decay measured by the CC
reaction rate is
   \phi^CC(nu_e) = 1.75 +/- 0.07 (stat)+0.12/-0.11 (sys.) +/- 0.05(theor) x
10^6 /cm^2 s.
  Assuming no flavor transformation, the flux inferred from the ES reaction
rate is
   \phi^ES(nu_x) = 2.39+/-0.34 (stat.)+0.16}/-0.14 (sys) x 10^6 /cm^2 s.
  Comparison of \phi^CC(nu_e) to the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration's precision
value of \phi^ES(\nu_x) yields a 3.3 sigma difference, providing evidence that
there is a non-electron flavor active neutrino component in the solar flux. The
total flux of active ^8B neutrinos is thus determined to be 5.44 +/-0.99 x
10^6/cm^2 s, in close agreement with the predictions of solar models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126948 </DOCNO>
AGAPE : Gravitational microlensing effect to look for MACHOs towards M31


  We report the discovery of a short-duration microlensing candidate in the
Northern field of the POINT-AGAPE pixel lensing survey towards M31. The
full-width at half-maximum timescale is very short (tfwhm = 1.8 days) and the
source star has almost certainly been identified on HST images, allowing to
infer an Einstein crossing time : te=10.4 days and a magnification at maximum :
Amax=18.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129023 </DOCNO>
Void Scaling and Void Profiles in CDM Models


  An analysis of voids using cosmological N-body simulations of cold dark
matter models is presented. It employs a robust statistics of voids, that was
recently applied to discriminate between data from the Las Campanas Redshift
Survey and different cosmological models. Here we extend the analysis to 3D and
show that typical void sizes D in the simulated galaxy samples obey a linear
scaling relation with the mean galaxy separation lambda: D=D_0+nu*lambda. It
has the same slope nu as in 2D, but with lower absolute void sizes. The scaling
relation is able to discriminate between different cosmologies. For the best
standard LCDM model, the slope of the scaling relation for voids in the dark
matter halos is too steep as compared to the LCRS, with too small void sizes
for well sampled data sets. The scaling relation of voids for dark matter halos
with increasing mass thresholds is even steeper than that for samples of
galaxy-mass halos where we sparse sample the data. This shows the stronger
clustering of more massive halos. Further, we find a correlation of the void
size to its central and environmental average density. While there is little
sign of an evolution in samples of small DM halos with v_{circ} ~ 90 km/s,
voids in halos with circular velocity over 200 km/s are larger at redshift z =
3 due to the smaller halo number density. The flow of dark matter from the
underdense to overdense regions in an early established network of large scale
structure is also imprinted in the evolution of the density profiles with a
relative density decrease in void centers by 0.18 per redshift unit between z=3
and z=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5943 </DOCNO>
Structural and Electronic Instabilities in Polyacenes: Density Matrix


  We have carried out Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) calculations
on the ground state of long polyacene oligomers within a Pariser-Parr-Pople
(PPP) Hamiltonian. The PPP model includes long-range electron correlations
which are required for physically realistic modeling of conjugated polymers. We
have obtained the ground state energy as a function of the dimerization
$\delta$ and various correlation functions and structure factors for
$\delta=0$. From energetics, we find that while the nature of the Peierls'
instabilityin polyacene is conditional and strong electron correlations enhance
the dimerization. The {\it cis} form of the distortion is favoured over the
{\it trans} form. However, from the analysis of correlation functions and
associated structure factors, we find that polyacene is not susceptible to the
formation of a bond order wave (BOW), spin density wave (SDW) or a charge
density wave (CDW) in the ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129104 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulations of Incompressible MHD Turbulence


  The study of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence gives useful
insights on many astrophysical problems. We describe a pseudo-spectral MHD code
suitable for the study of incompressible turbulence. We review our recent works
on direct three-dimensional numerical simulations for MHD turbulence in a
periodic box. In those works, we use a pseudo-spectral code to solve the
incompressible MHD equations. We first discuss the structure and properties of
turbulence as functions of scale. The results are consistent with the scaling
law recently proposed by Goldreich & Sridhar. The scaling law is based on the
concept of scale-dependent isotropy: smaller eddies are more elongated than
larger ones along magnetic field lines. This scaling law substantially changes
our views on MHD turbulence. For example, as noted by Lazarian & Vishniac, the
scaling law can provide a fast reconnection rate. We further discuss how the
study of incompressible MHD turbulence can help us to understand physical
processes in interstellar medium (ISM) by considering imbalanced cascade and
viscous damped turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3320 </DOCNO>
Synchronization in the non-extensive Kuramoto model


  We study the onset of synchronization in square lattices of limit cycle
oscillators with long-range coupling by means of numerical simulations of the
Kuramoto model. In this regime the critical coupling strength depends on the
system size and interaction range reflecting the non extensive behavior of the
system, but an adequate scaling removes the dependency and collapses the
long-range synchronization curves with the one resulting from a system with
uniform coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 472 </DOCNO>
AC driven thermal ratchets


  We consider the motion of a overdamped Brownian particle in periodic
asymmetric potential with space dependent friction coefficient. In the presence
of external time periodic forcing, the system shows multiple current reversals
on varying the amplitude of the external forcing and the temperature of the
thermal bath. In the adiabatic regime we find a single reversal of current as a
function of noise strength which can only be accounted due to the presence of
space dependent friction coefficient. For very large forcing term, the current
does not go to zero, instead it asymptotically tends to a limiting value
depending on the phase shift between the potential and the friction. This fact
plays an important role in obtaining multiple current reversals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124370 </DOCNO>
FIRBACK: II. Data Reduction and Calibration of the 170 micron ISO Deep


  We present the final reduction and calibration of the FIRBACK ISOPHOT data.
FIRBACK is a deep cosmological survey performed at 170 microns. This paper
deals with the ISOPHOT C200 camera with the C160 filter. We review the whole
data reduction process and compare our final calibration with DIRBE (for the
extended emission) and IRAS (for point sources). The FIRBACK source extraction
and galaxy counts is discussed in a companion paper (Dole et al., 2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98549 </DOCNO>
Circle packings on surfaces with projective structures


  The Andreev-Thurston theorem states that for any triangulation of a closed
orientable surface \Sigma_g of genus g which is covered by a simple graph in
the universal cover, there exists a unique metric of curvature 1, 0 or -1 on
the surface depending on whether g=0, 1 or \ge 2 such that the surface with
this metric admits a circle packing with combinatorics given by the
triangulation. Furthermore, the circle packing is essentially rigid, that is,
unique up to conformal automorphisms of the surface isotopic to the identity.
In this paper, we consider projective structures on the surface \Sigma_g where
circle packings are also defined. We show that the space of projective
structures on a surface of genus g \ge 2 which admits a circle packing by one
circle is homeomorphic to R^{6g-6} and furthermore that the circle packing is
rigid on such surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72683 </DOCNO>
$\gamma \gamma$ cross-sections and $\gamma \gamma$ colliders


  We summarize the predictions of different models for total $\gamma \gamma$
cross-sections. The experimentaly observed rise of $\sigma_{\gamma \gamma}$
with $\sqrt{s_{\gamma \gamma}}$, faster than that for $\sigma_{\bar p p}$,
$\sigma_{\gamma p}$ is in agreement with the predictions of the Eikonalized
Minijet Models as opposed to those of the Regge-Pomeron models. We then show
that a measurement of $\sigma_{\gamma \gamma}$ with an accuracy of $\lessapprox
8-9% (6-7%)$ is necessary to distinguish among different Regge-Pomeron type
models (among the different parametrisations of the EMM models) and a precision
of $\lessapprox$ 20% is required to distinguish among the predictions of the
EMMs and of those models which treat like 'photon like a proton', for the
energy range $300 < \sqrt{s_{\gamma \gamma}} < 500$ GeV. We further show that
the difference in model predictions for $\sigma_{\gamma \gamma}$ of about a
factor 2 at $\sqrt{s_{\gamma \gamma}} = 700 $ GeV reduces to $\sim$ 30% when
folded with bremsstrahlung $\gamma$ spectra to calculate $\sigma ({e^+e^- \to
e^+e^-\gamma \gamma \to e^+e^-X})$. We point out then the special role that
$\gamma \gamma$ colliders can play in shedding light on this

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86938 </DOCNO>
Combining general relativity and quantum theory: points of conflict and


  The issues related to bringing together the principles of general relativity
and quantum theory are discussed. After briefly summarising the points of
conflict between the two formalisms I focus on four specific themes in which
some contact has been established in the past between GR and quantum field
theory: (i) The role of planck length in the microstructure of spacetime (ii)
The role of quantum effects in cosmology and origin of the universe (iii) The
thermodynamics of spacetimes with horizons and especially the concept of
entropy related to spacetime geometry (iv) The problem of the cosmological
constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73107 </DOCNO>
Parton Densities and Fragmentation Functions from Polarized Lambda


  We consider the longitudinal polarization of Lambda and Lambda-bar produced
in the current fragmentation region of polarized deep inelastic scattering. We
show how the various cross sections can be used to test the underlying parton
dynamics, and how one can extract information about certain parton densities
which are poorly known, in particular the polarized strange density sum
Delta-s(x) + Delta-s-bar(x), and about fragmentation functions which are
totally unknown and which are difficult to access by other means. We show also
how one can obtain information concerning the intriguing question as to whether
s(x) = s-bar(x) and whether Delta-s(x) = Delta-s-bar(x).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150251 </DOCNO>
On the solution of the massless Thirring model with fermion fields


  Correlation functions of fermionic fields described by the massless Thirring
model are analysed within the operator formalism developed by Klaiber and the
path-integral approach with massless fermions quantized in the chiral symmetric
phase. We notice that Klaiber's composite fermion operators possess
non-standard properties under parity transformations and construct operators
with standard parity properties. We find that Klaiber's parameterization of a
one-parameter family of solutions of the massless Thirring model is not well
defined, since it is not consistent with the requirement of chiral symmetry. We
show that the dynamical dimensions of correlation functions depend on an
arbitrary parameter induced by ambiguities of the evaluation of the chiral
Jacobian. A non-perturbative renormalization of the massless Thirring model is
discussed. We demonstrate that the infrared divergences of Klaiber's
correlation functions can be transferred into ultra-violet divergences by
renormalization of the wave function of fermionic fields. This makes Klaiber's
correlation functions non-singular in the infrared limit. We show that the
requirement of non-perturbative renormalizability of the massless Thirring
model fixes a free parameter of the path-integral approach. In turn, the
operator formalism is inconsistent with non-perturbative renormalizability of
the massless Thirring model. We carry out a non-perturbative renormalization of
the sine-Gordon model and show that it is not an asymptotically free theory as
well as the massless Thirring model. We calculate the fermion condensate by
using the Fourier transform of the two-point Green function of massless
Thirring fermion fields quantized in the chiral symmetric phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5884 </DOCNO>
Dark Soliton Excitations in Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes


  Dark soliton excitations are shown to exist in single wall carbon nanotubes
(SWCNTs). At first, the nonlinear effective interatomic potential and the
difference equation for longitudinal lattice displacement are obtained for the
SWCNTs by expanding Brenner's many-body potential in a Taylor series up to
fourth-order terms. Then using a multi-scale method, for short wavelength
lattice excitations the equation of motion of lattice is reduced to the cubic
nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Finally, the dark soliton solutions and
relevant excitations in the SWCNTs with subsonic velocity are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99133 </DOCNO>
Cohomoloy of $Aut(F_n)$


  We calculate the homology of automorphism groups of free groups in various
cases. The author would like to thank his thesis advisor Karen Vogtmann.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98192 </DOCNO>
Quantum superintegrability and exact solvability in N dimensions


  A family of maximally superintegrable systems containing the Coulomb atom as
a special case is constructed in N-dimensional Euclidean space. Two different
sets of N commuting second order operators are found, overlapping in the
Hamiltonian alone. The system is separable in several coordinate systems and is
shown to be exactly solvable. It is solved in terms of classical orthogonal
polynomials. The Hamiltonian and N further operators are shown to lie in the
enveloping algebra of a hidden affine Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6610 </DOCNO>
All-Optical Production of a Degenerate Fermi Gas


  We achieve degeneracy in a mixture of the two lowest hyperfine states of
$^6$Li by direct evaporation in a CO$_2$ laser trap, yielding the first
all-optically produced degenerate Fermi gas. More than $10^5$ atoms are
confined at temperatures below $4 \mu$K at full trap depth, where the Fermi
temperature for each state is $8 \mu$K. This degenerate two-component mixture
is ideal for exploring mechanisms of superconductivity ranging from Cooper
pairing to Bose condensation of strongly bound pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96938 </DOCNO>
Yet More Projective Curves Over F2


  All binary plane curves of degree less than 7 are examined for curves with a
large number of Fq rational points on their smooth model, for q = 2^m ; m = 3,
4,...,11. Previous results are improved, and many new curves are found meeting
or close to Serre's, Lauter's, and Ihara's upper bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126716 </DOCNO>
Local Column Density Distribution Function from HI selected galaxies


  The cross-section of sky occupied by a particular neutral hydrogen column
density provides insight into the nature of Lyman-alpha absorption systems. We
have measured this column density distribution at z=0 using 21-cm HI emission
from a blind survey. A subsample of HI Parkes All Sky Survey (HIPASS) galaxies
have been imaged with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). The
contribution of low HI mass galaxies 10^7.5 to 10^8 M_solar is compared to that
of M_star (10^10 to 10^10.5 M_solar) galaxies. We find that the column density
distribution function is dominated by low HI mass galaxies with column
densities in the range 3x10^18 to 2x10^20 cm^-2. This result is not intuitively
obvious. M_star galaxies may contain the bulk of the HI gas, but the
cross-section presented by low HI mass galaxies 10^7.5 to 10^8 M_solar is
greater at moderate column densities. This result implies that moderate column
density Lyman-alpha absorption systems may be caused by a range of galaxy types
and not just large spiral galaxies as originally thought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74946 </DOCNO>
Bottomonium Decay Matrix Elements from Lattice QCD with Two Light Quarks


  We calculate the long-distance matrix elements for the decays of the Upsilon
(eta_b) and chi_b (h_b) states in lattice QCD with two flavors of light
dynamical quarks. We relate the lattice matrix elements to their continuum
counterparts through one-loop order in perturbation theory. In the case of the
leading S-wave matrix element, we compare our result with a phenomenological
value that we extract from the experimental leptonic decay rate by using the
theoretical expression for the decay rate, accurate through relative order
alpha_s. Whereas estimates of the leading S-wave matrix element from quenched
QCD are 40--45% lower than the phenomenological value, the two-flavor estimate
of the same matrix element is close to the phenomenological value.
Extrapolating to the real world of 2+1 light flavors, we find that this matrix
element is approximately 6% higher than the phenomenological value, but that
the phenomenological value lies within our error bars. We also compute the
color-singlet and color-octet matrix elements for P-wave decays. We find the
value of the color-singlet matrix element for 2+1 flavors to be approximately
70% larger than the quenched value and the value of the color-octet matrix
element for 2+1 flavors to be approximately 40% larger than the quenched value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3543 </DOCNO>
The Mathematical Theory of Molecular Motor Movement and Chemomechanical


  The mathematical formulation of the model for molecular movement of single
motor proteins driven by cyclic biochemical reactions in an aqueous environment
leads to a drifted Brownian motion characterized by coupled diffusion
equations. In this article, we introduce the basic notion for the continuous
model and review some asymptotic solutions for the problem. Stochastic,
nonequilibrium thermodynamic interpretations of the mathematical equations and
their solutions are presented. Some relevant mathematics, mainly in the field
of stochastic processes, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3284 </DOCNO>
Preparation of 18-filament Cu/NbZr/MgB2 tape with high transport


  Cu-stabilized 18-filament MgB2 tapes with NbZr buffer have been fabricated by
using powder-in-tube technique. The phase composition and microstructure were
examined by X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Transport critical
current measurements were performed by a standard four-probe technique at
different magnetic fields and temperature. The sample shows a high transport
critical current density of 80,000A/cm2 (10K,0T) and 13,600A/cm2(10K,1T)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148388 </DOCNO>
Spacetime as the Manifold of the Internal Symmetry Orbits in the


  Interactions and particles in the standard model are characterized by the
action of internal and external symmetry groups. The four symmetry regimes
involved are related to each other in the context of induced group
representations. In addition to Wigner's induced representations of external
Poincar\'e group operations, parametrized by energy-momenta, and the induced
internal hyperisospin representations, parametrized by the standard model Higgs
field, the external operations, including the Lorentz group, can be considered
to be induced also by representations of the internal hypercharge-isospin
group. In such an interpretation nonlinear spacetime is parametrized by the
orbits of the internal action group in the external action group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41427 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Radiation Hardness of Diamond Detectors


  The behavior of artificially grown CVD diamond films under intense
electromagnetic radiation has been studied. The properties of irradiated
diamond samples have been investigated using the method of thermally stimulated
current and by studying their charge collection properties. Diamonds have been
found to remain unaffected after doses of 6.8 MGy of 10 keV photons and 10 MGy
of MeV-range photons. This observation makes diamond an attractive detector
material for a calorimeter in the very forward region of the proposed TESLA
detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124032 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Radio Emission from the Brown Dwarf LP944-20


  Brown dwarfs are classified as objects which are not massive enough to
sustain nuclear fusion of hydrogen, and are distinguished from planets by their
ability to burn deuterium. Old (>10 Myr) brown dwarfs are expected to possess
short-lived magnetic fields and, since they no longer generate energy from
collapse and accretion, weak radio and X-ray emitting coronae. Several efforts
have been undertaken in the past to detect chromospheric activity from the
brown dwarf LP944-20 at X-ray and optical wavelengths, but only recently an
X-ray flare from this object was detected. Here we report on the discovery of
quiescent and flaring radio emission from this source, which represents the
first detection of persistent radio emission from a brown dwarf, with
luminosities that are several orders of magnitude larger than predicted from an
empirical relation between the X-ray and radio luminosities of many stellar
types. We show in the context of synchrotron emission, that LP944-20 possesses
an unusually weak magnetic field in comparison to active dwarf M stars, which
might explain the null results from previous optical and X-ray observations of
this source, and the deviation from the empirical relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149630 </DOCNO>
Quantization of supersymmetric solitons


  We investigate the issue of regularization/renormalization in the presence of
a nontrivial background in the case of 1+1-(supersymmetric) solitons. In
particular we study and compare the commonly employed regularization methods
(mode- energy/momentum- cutoff and derivative regularization). We show that the
main point for a consistent regularization/renormalization is to find a
relation between the ``cutoffs'' in the vacuum and the nontrivial sector so
that they can be related in a consistent manner. For each scheme we give a
principle to derive this relation and to perform calculations in a consistent
way. These principles are simple and not restricted to two dimensions or
supersymmetric theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126736 </DOCNO>
The Effect of a Binary Source Companion on the Astrometric Microlensing


  If gravitational microlensing occurs in a binary-source system, both source
components are magnified, and the resulting light curve deviates from the
standard one of a single source event. However, in most cases only one source
component is highly magnified and the other component (the companion) can be
treated as a simple blending source: blending approximation. In this paper, we
show that, unlike the light curves, the astrometric curves, representing the
trajectories of the source image centroid, of an important fraction of
binary-source events will not be sufficiently well modeled by the blending
effect alone. This is because the centroid shift induced by the source
companion endures to considerable distances from the lens. Therefore, in
determining the lens parameters from astrometric curves to be measured by
future high-precision astrometric instruments, it will be important to take the
full effect of the source companion into consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179193 </DOCNO>
Off shell behaviour of the in medium nucleon-nucleon cross section


  The properties of nucleon-nucleon scattering inside dense nuclear matter are
investigated. We use the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock model to determine
on-shell and half off-shell in-medium transition amplitudes and cross sections.
At finite densities the on-shell cross sections are generally suppressed. This
reduction is, however, less pronounced than found in previous works. In the
case that the outgoing momenta are allowed to be off energy shell the
amplitudes show a strong variation with momentum. This description allows to
determine in-medium cross sections beyond the quasi-particle approximation
accounting thereby for the finite width which nucleons acquire in the dense
nuclear medium. For reasonable choices of the in-medium nuclear spectral width,
i.e. $\Gamma\leq 40$ MeV, the resulting total cross sections are, however,
reduced by not more than about 25% compared to the on-shell values. Off-shell
effect are generally more pronounced at large nuclear matter densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73970 </DOCNO>
The Cannonball Model of Gamma Ray Bursts: high-energy neutrinos and


  Recent observations suggest that $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) and their
afterglows are produced by jets of highly relativistic cannonballs (CBs),
emitted in supernova (SN) explosions. The CBs, reheated by their collision with
the shell, emit radiation that is collimated along their direction of motion
and Doppler-boosted to the typical few-hundred keV energy of the GRB.
Accompanying the GRB, there should be an intense burst of neutrinos of a few
hundreds of GeV energy, made by the decay of charged pions produced in the
collisions of the CBs with the SN shell . The neutrino beam carries almost all
of the emitted energy, but is much narrower than the GRB beam and should only
be detected in coincidence with the small fraction of GRBs whose CBs are moving
very close to the line of sight. The neutral pions made in the transparent
outskirts of the SN shell decay into energetic $\gamma$-rays (EGRs) of energy
of ${\cal{O}}$(100) GeV. The EGR beam, whose energy fluence is comparable to
that of the companion GRB, is as wide as the GRB beam and should be observable,
in coincidence with GRBs, with existing or planned detectors. We derive in
detail these predictions of the CB model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76176 </DOCNO>
VLHC Predictions for H to tau tau in Weak Boson Fusion


  Higgs production in weak boson fusion with subsequent decay H to tau tau to e
mu p_T_miss provides a means to measure Higgs Yukawa couplings and Higgs
interactions to weak bosons. The potential precision of cross section
measurements at a VLHC is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96850 </DOCNO>
Cohomological constraint to deformations of compact Kaehler manifolds


  We prove that for every compact K\"ahler manifold $X$ there exists an
$L$-infinity morphism, lifting the usual cup product in cohomology, from the
Kodaira-Spencer differential graded Lie algebra to the suspension of the space
of linear endomorphisms of the singular cohomology of $X$. As a consequence we
get an algebraic proof of the principle ``obstructions to deformations of
compact Kaehler manifolds annihilate ambient cohomology''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1948 </DOCNO>
Quantum-information processing in semiconductor quantum dots


  We propose an all-optical implementation of quantum-information processing in
semiconductor quantum dots, where electron-hole excitations (excitons) serve as
the computational degrees of freedom (qubits). The strong dot confinement leads
to a strong renormalization of excitonic states, which, in analogy to NMR-based
implementations of quantum-information processing, can be exploited for
performing conditional and unconditional qubit operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76984 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Dipole Field Theories


  Assigning an intrinsic constant dipole moment to any field, we present a new
kind of associative star product, the dipole star product, which was first
introduced in [hep-th/0008030]. We develop the mathematics necessary to study
the corresponding noncommutative dipole field theories. These theories are
sensible non-local field theories with no IR/UV mixing. In addition we discuss
that the Lorentz symmetry in these theories is ``softly'' broken and in some
particular cases the CP (and even CPT) violation in these theories may become
observable. We show that a non-trivial dipole extension of N=4, D=4 gauge
theories can only be obtained if we break the SU(4) R (and hence
super)-symmetry. Such noncommutative dipole extensions, which in the maximal
supersymmetric cases are N=2 gauge theories with matter, can be embedded in
string theory as the theories on D3-branes probing a smooth Taub-NUT space with
three form fluxes turned on or alternatively by probing a space with R-symmetry
twists. We show the equivalences between the two approaches and also discuss
the M-theory realization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2846 </DOCNO>
Binary self-similar one-dimensional quasilattices: Mutual


  Self-similar binary one-dimensional (1D) quasilattices (QLs) are classified
into mutual local-derivability (MLD) classes. It is shown that the MLD
classification is closely related to the number-theoretical classification of
parameters which specify the self-similar binary 1D QLs. An algorithm to derive
an explicit substitution rule, which prescribes the transformation of a QL into
another QL in the same MLD class, is presented. An explicit inflation rule,
which prescribes the transformation of the self-similar 1D QL into itself, is
obtained as a composition of the explicit substitution rules. Symmetric
substitution rules and symmetric inflation rules are extensively discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41332 </DOCNO>
Searches for the Neutral Higgs Bosons of the MSSM: Preliminary Combined


  In the year 2000 the four LEP experiments collected data at centre-of-mass
energies between 200 and 209 GeV, integrating approximately 870 pb-1 of
luminosity, with about 510 pb-1 above 206 GeV. The LEP working group for Higgs
boson searches has combined these data with data sets collected previously at
lower energies. In representative scans of the parameters of the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the mass limits mh>91.0 GeV and mA>91.9
GeV are obtained for the light CP-even and the CP-odd neutral Higgs boson,
respectively. For a top quark mass less than or equal to 174.3 GeV, assuming
that the stop quark mixing is maximal, and choosing conservative values for
other SUSY parameters affecting the Higgs sector, the range 0.5<tanbeta<2.4 is
excluded. Additionally, the results of flavour-independent searches for
hadronically decaying Higgs bosons are included, allowing exclusion of MSSM
models with suppressed decays of the Higgs bosons to pairs of b quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77012 </DOCNO>
Tests of CPT Invariance at Neutrino Factories


  We investigate possible tests of CPT invariance on the level of event rates
at neutrino factories. We do not assume any specific model but phenomenological
differences in the neutrino-antineutrino masses and mixing angles in a Lorentz
invariance preserving context, such as it could be induced by physics beyond
the Standard Model. We especially focus on the muon neutrino and antineutrino
disappearance channels in order to obtain constraints on the
neutrino-antineutrino mass and mixing angle differences; we found, for example,
that the sensitivity $|m_3 - \bar{m}_3| \lesssim 1.9 \cdot 10^{-4} \mathrm{eV}$
could be achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3377 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall states on the cylinder as unitary matrix Chern-Simons


  We propose a unitary matrix Chern-Simons model representing fractional
quantum Hall fluids of finite extent on the cylinder. A mapping between the
states of the two systems is established. Standard properties of Laughlin
theory, such as the quantization of the inverse filling fraction and of the
quasiparticle number, are reproduced by the quantum mechanics of the matrix
model. We also point out that this system is holographically described in terms
of the one-dimensional Sutherland integrable particle system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149503 </DOCNO>
On Massive High Spin Particles in (A)dS


  In this Letter we consider the problem of partial masslessness and unitarity
in (A)dS using gauge invariant description of massive high spin particles. We
show that for S = 2 and S = 3 cases such formalism allows one correctly
reproduce all known results. Then we construct a gauge invariant formulation
for massive particles of arbitrary integer spin s in arbitrary space-time
dimension d. For d = 4 our results confirm the conjecture made recently by
Deser and Waldron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96755 </DOCNO>
Soliton Solutions of Kortweg-de Vries Equations and Hyperelliptic Sigma


  Soliton Solutions of Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) were constructed for given
degenerate curves $y^2 = (x-c)P(x)^2$ in terms of hyperelliptic sigma functions
and explicit Abelian integrals. Connection between sigma functions and tau
function were also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73429 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in Tau Slepton Pair Production at Muon Colliders


  We discuss in detail signals for CP violation in the Higgs boson and
tau-slepton sectors through the production processes $\mu^+\mu^- \to
\tilde{\tau}_i^- \tilde{\tau}_j^+$, where $i,j=1,2$ label the two $\tau$
slepton mass eigenstates in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We
assume that the soft breaking parameters of third generation sfermions contain
CP violating phases, which induce CP violation in the Higgs sector through
quantum corrections. We classify all the observables for probing CP violation
in the Higgs boson and $\tau$ slepton sectors. These observables depend on the
initial muon beam polarization, where we include transverse polarization
states. If the heavy Higgs bosons can decay into tau slepton pairs, a complete
determination of the CP properties of the neutral Higgs boson and
$\tau$--slepton systems is possible. The interference between the Higgs boson
and gauge boson contributions could also provide a powerful method for probing
CP violation, if transversely polarized muon beams are available. We show in
detail how to directly measure CP violation in the tau slepton system, under
the assumption that the neutral Higgs mixing angles are determined through the
on--shell production of the neutral Higgs bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126669 </DOCNO>
Hubble and FUSE studies of Ly-alpha absorbers at low redshift


  Ultraviolet spectrographs aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) have proved their value as sensitive
probes of the low-density intergalactic medium (IGM) at low redshifts (z <
0.1). Recent observations in Ly-alpha, Ly-beta, and occasional higher Lyman
lines show that warm photoionized gas in the low-z IGM may contain 20-25% of
the baryons, with a N(HI)^-1.8 distribution in column density. Measurements of
resonance lines of Si III, C III, C IV, and O VI suggest that the metallicity
of these absorbers ranges from 1-10% of solar abundance down to values below
0.003 Z(solar). A comparison of Ly-beta/Ly-alpha ratios (FUSE and HST) yields a
distribution of Doppler parameters with mean b = 31.4 +/- 7.4 km/s and median
28 km/s, comparable to values at z = 2-3. The curve-of-growth (CoG) b-values
are considerably less than widths derived from Ly-alpha profile fitting, with
mean b(CoG)/b(width) = 0.52, which suggests that low-z absorbers contain
sizable non-thermal motions or velocity components arising from cosmological
expansion and infall. A challenge for future UV spectroscopic missions (HST/COS
and SUVO) is to obtain precision measurements of Omega(IGM) and metallicities
for the strong Ly-alpha absorbers that dominate the IGM baryon content. This
program will require accurate determinations of: (1) curves of growth using
higher Lyman series lines; (2) the ionizing radiation field at 1-5 Ryd; and (3)
characteristic sizes and shapes of the absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75656 </DOCNO>
QCD Matrix Elements + Parton Showers


  We propose a method for combining QCD matrix elements and parton showers in
Monte Carlo simulations of hadronic final states in $e^+e^-$ annihilation. The
matrix element and parton shower domains are separated at some value $y_{ini}$
of the jet resolution, defined according to the $k_T$-clustering algorithm. The
matrix elements are modified by Sudakov form factors and the parton showers are
subjected to a veto procedure to cancel dependence on $y_{ini}$ to
next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. The method provides a leading-order
description of hard multi-jet configurations together with jet fragmentation,
while avoiding the most serious problems of double counting. We present first
results of an approximate implementation using the event generator APACIC++.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3095 </DOCNO>
Critical-current density from magnetization loops of finite high-Tc


  We analyze the effects of demagnetizing fields in the magnetization
hysteresis loops of type-II superconductors, by a model that allows the
calculation of current and field profiles in finite cylindrically symmetric
superconductors in the critical state. We show how the maximum in the
magnetization curve gradually shifts from negative applied field values to the
central position with decreasing sample thickness. From the analysis of the
calculated field profiles, we demonstrate that one can obtain the intrinsic
field-dependent critical-current density of the superconductor with great
accuracy by measuring the magnetic response of superconductors with large
aspect ratio with the applied field parallel to the shortest dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167970 </DOCNO>
Quantum Information Theory - an Invitation


  We give a non-technical introduction of the basic concepts of Quantum
Information Theory along the distinction between possible and impossible
machines. We then proceed to describe the mathematical framework of Quantum
Information Theory. The capacities of a quantum channel for classical and for
quantum information are defined in a unified scheme, and a mathematical
characterization of all teleportation and dense coding schemes is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4627 </DOCNO>
Time-dependent optical linewidth in fluctuating environments: Stochastic


  Time-resolved optical lineshapes are calculated using a second-order
inhomogeneous cumulant expansion. The calculation shows that in the
inhomogeneous limit the optical spectra are determined solely by two-time
correlation functions. Therefore, measurements of the Stokes-shift correlation
function and the inhomogeneous linewidth cannot provide information about the
heterogeneity lifetime for systems exhibiting dynamic heterogeneities. The
theoretical results are illustrated using a stochastic model for the optical
transition frequencies. The model rests on the assumption that the transition
frequencies are coupled to the environmental relaxation of the system. The
latter is chosen according to a free-energy landscape model for dynamically
heterogeneous dynamics. The model calculations show that the available
experimental data are fully compatible with a heterogeneity lifetime on the
order of the primary relaxation time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168464 </DOCNO>
Four-photon Entanglement as Stochastic-signal Correlation


  A fully classical model of a recent experiment exhibiting what is interpreted
as teleportation and four-photon entanglement is described. It is shown that
the reason that a classical model is possible, contrary to the current belief,
results ultimately from a misguided modification by Bohm of the EPR Gedanken
experiment. Finally, teleportation is reinterpreted as the passive filtration
of correlated but stochastic events in stead of the active transfer of either
material or information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125024 </DOCNO>
X-Rays from Superbubbles in the Large Magellanic Cloud. VI. A Sample of


  We present ROSAT observations and analysis of thirteen superbubbles in the
Large Magellanic Cloud. Eleven of these observations have not been previously
reported. We have studied the X-ray morphology of the superbubbles, and have
extracted and analyzed their X-ray spectra. Diffuse X-ray emission is detected
from each of these superbubbles, and X-ray emission is brighter than is
theoretically expected for a wind-blown bubble, suggesting that the X-ray
emission from the superbubbles has been enhanced by interactions between the
superbubble shell and interior SNRs. We have also found significant positive
correlations between the X-ray luminosity of a superbubble and its H-alpha
luminosity, expansion velocity, and OB star count. Further, we have found that
a large fraction of the superbubbles in the sample show evidence of
``breakout'' regions, where hot X-ray emitting gas extends beyond the H-alpha
shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73362 </DOCNO>
The Running Coupling BFKL Anomalous Dimensions and Splitting Functions


  I explicitly calculate the anomalous dimensions and splitting functions
governing the Q^2 evolution of the parton densities and structure functions
which result from the running coupling BFKL equation at LO, i.e. I perform a
resummation in powers of ln(1/x) and in powers of beta_0 simultaneously. This
is extended as far as possible to NLO. These are expressed in an exact,
perturbatively calculable analytic form, up to small power-suppressed
contributions which may also be modelled to very good accuracy by analytic
expressions. Infrared renormalons, while in principle present in a solution in
terms of powers in alpha_s(Q^2), are ultimately avoided. The few higher twist
contributions which are directly calculable are extremely small. The splitting
functions are very different from those obtained from the fixed coupling
equation, with weaker power-like growth ~x^(-0.25), which does not set in until
extremely small x indeed. The NLO BFKL corrections to the splitting functions
are moderate, both for the form of the asymptotic power-like behaviour and more
importantly for the range of x relevant for collider physics. Hence, a stable
perturbative expansion and predictive power at small x are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127073 </DOCNO>
The Density Profile of the Dark Matter Halo of NGC 4605


  We have obtained ~100 pc resolution CO and ~60 pc resolution Halpha
observations of the dwarf spiral galaxy NGC 4605. We use them to derive a high
resolution rotation curve and study the central density profile of NGC 4605's
dark matter halo. We find that these observations do not agree with the
predictions of most high resolution Cold Dark Matter calculations. We
investigate two extreme cases: 1) NGC 4605 has a maximal exponential disk, that
we model using K-band observations and remove to study the structure of its
dark matter halo, and 2) NGC 4605 is dark matter dominated and its disk is
dynamically negligible. Because the mass-to-light ratio of the maximal disk is
already very low we favor the first solution, which indicates the halo has one
component with a density profile rho ~ r^{-0.6} out to R~2.8 kpc. In the second
case, the rotation curve requires the presence of two components: a small (~600
pc) core surrounded by a much steeper rho ~ r^{-1.1} halo. Removal of
intermediate (submaximal) disks does not ameliorate the discrepancy between the
predictions and the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126797 </DOCNO>
A 1.2mm MAMBO/IRAM-30m Survey of Dust Emission from the Highest Redshift


  We report 250 GHz (1.2mm) observations of redshift > 3.8 quasars from the
Palomar Sky Survey (PSS) sample, using the Max-Planck Millimetre Bolometer
(MAMBO) array at the IRAM 30-metre telescope. Eighteen sources were detected
and upper limits were obtained for 44 with 3-sigma flux density limits in the
range 1.5-4 mJy. Adopting typical dust temperatures of 40-50K, we derive dust
masses of ~10^8-10^9 M_sun and far-infrared luminosities of order 10^13 L_sun.
We suggest that a substantial fraction of this luminosity arises from young
stars, implying star formation rates approaching 10^3 M_sun/yr or more. The
high millimetre detection rate supports current views on a connection between
AGN and star forming activity, suggesting a parallel evolution of the central
black hole and of the stellar core of a galaxy, although their growth-rate
ratio seems higher than the mass ratio observed in nearby galaxies. The
observed, exceptionally bright objects may trace the peaks of the primordial
density field, the cores of future giant ellipticals

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3706 </DOCNO>
A Spin-Resolved Photoemission Study of Photohole Lifetimes in


  High resolution spin-resolved photoemission is used to probe the properties
of a Gd(0001) surface state. The state shows both a spin-mixing behavior
reflecting the exchange of magnons with the local moments and a reduction of
the exchange splitting with increasing temperature. The surface state
polarization at low T suggests that the surface layer has an enhanced Tc of
365K or greater. Measurements of the photoemission linewidths show that at low
temperatures, the lifetime of a majority spin photohole is predominantly
limited by electron-phonon scattering and that of a minority spin photohole by
electron-magnon scattering. Since similar behavior may be expected for bulk
states close to the Fermi level, the transport properties of this material will
also be determined by different decay mechanisms in the two channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5532 </DOCNO>
Split vortices in optically coupled Bose-Einstein condensates


  We study a rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in which an
optically induced Josephson coupling allows for population transfer between the
two species. In a regime where separation of species is favored, the ground
state of the rotating system displays domain walls with velocity fields normal
to them. Such a configuration looks like a vortex split into two halves, with
atoms circulating around the vortex and changing their internal state in a
continuous way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123522 </DOCNO>
Preliminary Results from the Cosmic Background Imager


  The Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) is a 13-element interferometer designed to
image intrinsic anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on
arcminute scales. A review of the capabilities of the instrument is presented,
together with a discussion of observations which have been taken over the past
9 months from the Atacama desert of Chile. We present preliminary
high-resolution mosaiced images of the CMB obtained from recent CBI data and
discuss topics which the CBI will address in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5321 </DOCNO>
One-Parameter Scaling of the Conductivity of Si:B: A


  For insulating Si:B with dopant concentrations from 0.75 n_c to the critical
concentration n_c, the conductivity ranging over five orders of magnitude
collapses using a single scaling parameter T* onto a universal curve of the
form $\sigma (T) =\sigma_0 f (T^*/T)$ with a temperature-independent prefactor
of the order of Mott's minimum metallic conductivity. The function $f (T^*/T) =
e^{-(T^*/T)^{\beta}}$ with \beta = 1/2 when T^*/T>10, corresponding to
Efros-Shklovskii variable-range hopping. For T^*/T < 8 the exponent \beta =
1/3, a value expected for Mott variable-range hopping in two rather than three
dimensions. The temperature-independent prefactor implies hopping that is not
mediated by phonons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168707 </DOCNO>
A quantum field theoretic description of the delayed choice experiment


  Wheeler's delayed choice experiment, a well known manifestation of the
complementarity principle, has proved somewhat difficult to physically
interpret. We show that, restated in quantum field theoretic language, the
experiment submits to a simple explanation: that wave- or particle-nature is
imposed not at the slit plane but at the detector system. The intepretational
difficulty conventionally encountered is due to the assumption of enforcement
of complementarity at the former.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127761 </DOCNO>
The Hot Phase in the Galactic Disk


  Spectra of about 150 early-type stars in the disk of the Milky Way recorded
by the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) reveal absorption features
from interstellar O VI, a tracer of collisionally ionized gases at temperatures
near 300,000 K. (Hotter material is better sensed by its diffuse x-ray
emission.) The FUSE survey indicates that hot gas in the plane of the Galaxy
yields an average density n(O VI) = 1.7 X 10^{-8} cm^{-3}, a value consistent
with earlier results from the Copernicus satellite, but at great distances
there is a large dispersion in the measurements from one line of sight to
another. This dispersion indicates that O VI absorbing regions probably have a
broad distribution of sizes, perhaps giving a power-law behavior for column
densities. Comparisons of O VI with other Li-like ions should give some
guidance on the nature and origin of the O VI-absorbing regions, but poor
correspondences in the velocity profile shapes will complicate the
interpretations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124855 </DOCNO>
Deflection of Jets Induced by Jet-Cloud Interactions


  A non--relativistic and relativistic model in which astrophysical jets are
deflected on passing through an isothermal high density region is analysed. The
criteria for the stability of jets due to the formation of internal shocks are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148226 </DOCNO>
Proposal of a topological M(atrix) theory


  Keeping in mind the several models of M(atrix) theory we attempt to
understand the possible structure of the topological M(atrix) theory
``underlying'' these approaches. In particular we are motivated by the issue
about the nature of the structure of the vacuum of the topological M(atrix)
theory and how this could be related to the vacuum of the electroweak theory.
In doing so we are led to a simple topological matrix model. Moreover it is
intuitively expected from the current understanding that the noncommutative
nature of ``spacetime'' and background independence should lead to a
topological Model. The main purpose of this note is to propose a simple
topological Matrix Model which bears relation to F and M theories. Suggestions
on the origin of the chemical potential term appearing in the matrix models are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113920 </DOCNO>
Preferential Acceleration of Coherent Magnetic Structures and Bursty


  Observations indicate that the magnetotail convection is turbulent and
bi-modal, consisting of fast bursty bulk flows (BBF) and a nearly stagnant
background. We demonstrate that this observed phenomenon may be understood in
terms of the intermittent interactions, dynamic mergings and preferential
accelerations of coherent magnetic structures under the influence of a
background magnetic field geometry that is consistent with the development of
an X-point mean-field structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150295 </DOCNO>
Bihamiltonian approach to the closed string model in the background


  The closed string model in the background gravity field and the antisymmetric
B-field is considered as the bihamiltonian system in assumption,that string
model is the integrable model for particular kind of the background fields. It
is shown, that bihamiltonity is origin of two types of the T-duality of the
closed string models. The dual nonlocal Poisson brackets, depending of the
background fields and of their derivatives, are obtained. The integrability
condition is formulated as the compatibility of the bihamoltonity condition and
the Jacobi identity of the dual Poisson bracket. It is shown, that the dual
brackets and dual hamiltonians can be obtained from the canonical (PB) and from
the initial hamiltonian by imposing of the second kind constraints on the
initial dynamical system, on the closed string model in the constant background
fields, as example. The closed string model in the constant background fields
is considered without constraints, with the second kind constraints and with
first kind constraints as the B-chiral string. The two particles discrete
closed string model is considered as two relativistic particle system to show
the difference between the Gupta-Bleuler method of the quantization with the
first kind constraints and the quantization of the Dirac bracket with the
second kind constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6508 </DOCNO>
Local density of states for the corner geometry interface of d-wave


  The spatial variations of the order parameter, and the local density of
states (LDOS) on the corner of s-wave or $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave superconductors, as
well as in superconductor-insulator-normal metal interfaces, are calculated
self consistently using the Bogoliubov-deGennes formalism within the two
dimensional extended Hubbard model. The exact diagonalization method is used.
Due to the suppression of the dominant d-wave order parameter, the extended
s-wave order parameter is induced near the surface, that alternates its sign
for the topmost sites at adjacent edges of the lattice and decays to zero in
the bulk. The presence of surface roughness results into the appearance of the
zero band conduction peak (ZBCP) near the corner surface which lacks from the
predictions of the quasiclassical theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129515 </DOCNO>
The dS/CFT Correspondence and the Big Smash


  Recent observations suggest that the cosmological equation-of-state parameter
w is close to -1. To say this is to imply that w could be slightly less than
-1, which leads to R.Caldwell's "phantom cosmologies". These often have the
property that they end in a "Big Smash", a final singularity in which the
Universe is destroyed in a finite proper time by excessive *expansion*. We show
that, classically, this fate is not inevitable: there exist Smash-free phantom
cosmologies, obtained by a suitable perturbation of the deSitter equation of
state, in which the spacetime is in fact asymptotically deSitter. We also
argue, however, that the physical interpretation of these classically
acceptable spacetimes is radically altered by "holography", as manifested in
the dS/CFT correspondence. With this new interpretation, Smash-free phantom
cosmology is no longer observationally acceptable. That is, dS/CFT suggests
that observations confirming w < -1 may mean that we are headed for a Big
Smash. The argument exploits recent speculations on "time as an inverse
renormalization group flow", which indicate that the bulk is effectively
disconnected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98547 </DOCNO>
Higher correlations of divisor sums related to primes I: triple


  We obtain the triple correlations for a truncated divisor sum related to
primes. We also obtain the mixed correlations for this divisor sum when it is
summed over the primes, and give some applications to primes in short
intervals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5781 </DOCNO>
Quantum non-demolition measurements using Bose-Einstein condensates


  We study possible scenarios for quantum non-demolition measurements using
Bose-Einstein condensates. We show that the interactions between condensate
atoms makes it possible to measure the atom number with minimal back action on
the system. This is an example of atomic nonlinear optics that has significant
implications in the quantum state preparation of the Bose condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76058 </DOCNO>
The anomalous chiral perturbation theory meson Lagrangian to order $p^6$


  We present a revised and extended construction of the mesonic Lagrangian
density in chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) at order $p^6$ in the anomalous
(or epsilon) sector, ${\cal{L}}_{6,\epsilon}$. After improving several aspects
of the strategy we used originally, i.e., a more efficient application of
partial integration, the implementation of so-called Bianchi identities, and
additional trace relations, we find the new monomial sets to include 24
$SU(N_f)$, 23 SU(3), and 5 SU(2) elements. Furthermore, we introduce 8
supplementary terms due to the extension of the chiral group to $SU(N_f)_L
\times SU(N_f)_R \times U(1)_V$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3631 </DOCNO>
Superconducting correlations in metallic nanoparticles: exact solution


  Superconducting pairing of electrons in nanoscale metallic particles with
discrete energy levels and a fixed number of electrons is described by the
reduced BCS model Hamiltonian. We show that this model is integrable by the
algebraic Bethe ansatz. The eigenstates, spectrum, conserved operators,
integrals of motion, and norms of wave functions are obtained. Furthermore, the
quantum inverse problem is solved, meaning that form factors and correlation
functions can be explicitly evaluated. Closed form expressions are given for
the form factors that describe superconducting pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 268 </DOCNO>
Interedge Phase Coherence in Quantum Hall Line Junctions


  Kang et al. have recently observed a remarkable zero-bias anomaly in the
spectrum for electron tunneling between two 2D electron gases separated
laterally by a narrow but high barrier in the presence of a perpendicular
quantising magnetic field. We argue that this is a result of interedge phase
coherence analogous to the interlayer phase coherence in quantum Hall (QHE)
bilayer systems. The disruption of the QHE by the barrier is 'healed' by strong
coulomb exchange enhancement of the weak tunneling through the barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96231 </DOCNO>
Poincare Invariance of Hamiltonian Semiclassical Field Theory


  Semiclassical Hamiltonian field theory is investigated from the axiomatic
point of view. A notion of a semiclassical state is introduced. An "elementary"
semiclassical state is specified by a set of classical field configuration and
quantum state in this external field. "Composed" semiclassical states viewed as
formal superpositions of "elementary" states are nontrivial only if the Maslov
isotropic condition is satisfied; the inner product of "composed" semiclassical
states is degenerate. The mathematical proof of Poincare invariance of
semiclassical field theory is obtained for "elementary" and "composed"
semiclassical states. The notion of semiclassical field is introduced; its
Poincare invariance is also mathematically proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73977 </DOCNO>
New CMBR data and the cosmic neutrino background


  New precision Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) anisotropy data
are beginning to constrain physics beyond the standard model, for example in
the form of additional light particle species. These constraints are
complementary to what can be obtained from big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN)
considerations because they apply to much later times. We derive a constraint
on the equivalent number of neutrino species, N_\nu, from the presently
available data. Specifically we analyse two different CMBR data sets to test
the robustness of our results. Analyzing only CMBR data yields an upper bound
of N_\nu < 17 (95% confidence). Adding large scale structure (LSS) data from
the PSC-z survey tightens the upper bound slightly. However, the addition of
LSS data gives a non-trivial {\it lower} bound of N_\nu > 1.5/2.5 (95%
confidence) for the two data sets. This is the first independent indication of
the presence of the cosmological neutrino background which is predicted by the
standard model, and seen in big bang nucleosynthesis. The value $N_\nu = 0$ is
disfavoured at 3\sigma and 4\sigma for the two data sets respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4668 </DOCNO>
The Rashba Effect within the Coherent Scattering Formalism


  The influence of spin-orbit coupling in two-dimensional systems is
investigated within the framework of the Landauer-Buettiker coherent scattering
formalism. This formalism usually deals with spin-independent stationary states
and, therefore, it does not include a spin-orbit contribution to the current.
In this article, we will rederive the coherent scattering formalism, accounting
for the changes brought about by the spin-orbit coupling. After a short review
of the features of spin-orbit coupling in two-dimensional electron gases, we
define the creation/annihilaton operators in the stationary states of the
spin-orbit coupling Hamiltonian and use them to calculate the current operator
within the Landauer-Buettiker formalism. The current is expressed as it is in
the standard spin-independent case, but with the spin label replaced by a new
label which we call the spin-orbit coupling label. The spin-orbit coupling
effects can then be represented in a scattering matrix which relates the
spin-orbit coupling stationary states in different leads. This scattering
matrix is calculated in the case of a four-port beamsplitter, and it is shown
to mix states with different spin-orbit coupling labels in a manner that
depends on the angle between the leads. The formalism is then used to calculate
the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the current and noise in two examples of
electron collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113876 </DOCNO>
A possible scenario for volumetric display through nanoparticle


  We discuss on the potential of suspensions of gold nanoparticles with
variable refractive index for the possible physical realization of in-relief
virtual dynamic display of plane images. A reasoning approach for a vision
system to display in real-time volumetric moving images is proposed based on
well-known properties of optical media, namely the anomalous dispersion of
light on certain transparent media and the virtual image formed by a refracting
transparent surface. The system relies on creating mechanisms to modify the
refractive index of in-relief virtual dynamical display (iVDD) bulbs that
ideally would contain a suspension of gold nanoparticles each and that might be
ordered in an array filling up a whole screen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1582 </DOCNO>
Resonant Andreev reflections in superconductor-carbon-nanotube devices


  Resonant Andreev reflection through superconductor-carbon-nanotube devices
was investigated theoretically with a focus on the superconducting proximity
effect. Consistent with a recent experiment, we find that for high transparency
devices on-resonance, the Andreev current is characterized by a large value and
a resistance dip; low-transparency off-resonance devices give the opposite
result. We also give evidence that the observed low-temperature transport
anomaly may be a natural result of Andreev reflection process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114289 </DOCNO>
Statistics of selectively neutral genetic variation


  Random models of evolution are instrumental in extracting rates of
microscopic evolutionary mechanisms from empirical observations on genetic
variation in genome sequences. In this context it is necessary to know the
statistical properties of empirical observables (such as the local homozygosity
for instance). Previous work relies on numerical results or assumes Gaussian
approximations for the corresponding distributions. In this paper we give an
analytical derivation of the statistical properties of the local homozygosity
and other empirical observables assuming selective neutrality. We find that
such distributions can be very non-Gaussian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 417 </DOCNO>
The quantum symmetric XXZ chain at Delta=-1/2, alternating sign matrices


  We consider the groundstate wavefunction of the quantum symmetric
antiferromagnetic XXZ chain with open and twisted boundary conditions at
$\Delta=-{1/2}$, along with the groundstate wavefunction of the corresponding
O($n$) loop model at $n=1$. Based on exact results for finite-size systems,
sums involving the wavefunction components, and in some cases the largest
component itself, are conjectured to be directly related to the total number of
alternating sign matrices and plane partitions in certain symmetry classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126016 </DOCNO>
Polarimetric Imaging of the Massive Black Hole at the Galactic Center


  The radio source Sgr A* in the Galactic center emits a polarized spectrum at
millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths that is strongly suggestive of
relativistic disk accretion onto a massive black hole. We use the
well-constrained mass of Sgr A* and a magnetohydrodynamic model of the
accretion flow to match both the total flux and polarization from this object.
Our results demonstrate explicitly that the shift in the position angle of the
polarization vector, seen at wavelengths near the peak of the mm to sub-mm
emission from this source, is a signal of relativistic accretion flow in a
strong gravitational field. We provide maps of the polarized emission to
illustrate how the images of polarized intensity from the vicinity of the black
hole would appear in upcoming observations with very long baseline radio
interferometers (VLBI). Our results suggest that near-term VLBI observations
will be able to directly image the polarized Keplerian portion of the flow near
the horizon of the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75517 </DOCNO>
Non-factorizable effects on $\Bbar^0\to D^{(*)0}\pi^0$


  Non-factorizable effects on the color-suppressed $B\to D^{(*)}\pi$ decay
modes are analyzed. Recent observations of $\Bbar^0\to D^{(*)0}\pi^0$ by Belle
and CLEO strongly suggest that there exists a non-zero strong phase difference
between color-allowed and color-suppressed decay modes, and the factorization
parameter $a_2$ associated with the color-suppressed decay mode is process
dependent. In the heavy quark limit where $b$ and $c$ are heavy, the process
dependence of $a_2(D\pi,D^*\pi)$ is due to the different configuration of the
heavy quark spin relative to the light degrees of freedom. From the
experimental data, the heavy quark spin symmetry breaking contributions to the
non-fatorizable effects are estimated to be $23-28%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6903 </DOCNO>
Specific heat of the Coulomb glass


  The specific heat of the Coulomb glass is studied by numerical simulations.
Both the lattice model with various strengths of disorder, and the
random-position model are considered for the one- to three-dimensional cases.
In order to extend the investigations down to very low temperatures where the
many-valley structure of the configuration space is of great importance we use
a hybrid-Metropolis procedure. This algorithm bridges the gap between
Metropolis simulation and analytical statistical mechanics. The analysis of the
simulation results shows that the correlation length of the relevant processes
is rather small, and that multi-particle processes yield an essential
contribution to the specific heat in all cases except the one-dimensional
random-position model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 784 </DOCNO>
Local Inhomogeneity Effects on Nucleation Process in a High External


  Quantum nucleation processes in the presence of local moderate
inhomogeneities are studied theoretically at high biases. The quantum
nucleation rate Gamma is calculated for one-dimensional systems in a form Gamma
= A e^(-B/hbar) by using the `bounce' method. The bias-dependence of the
exponent B is shown to be changed by inhomogeneities. This change is explained
by the reduction of the effective spatial dimension of the system. By studying
the system-size dependence of the prefactor A, the condition for the appearance
of inhomogeneity effects is evaluated. Nucleation rates in thermal activation
regimes are also calculated, and compared with quantum tunneling regimes. For
higher-dimensional systems, it is shown that the local approximation of
inhomogeneity does not hold, and that spatial profiles of inhomogeneity become
important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97912 </DOCNO>
A concise expression for the ODE's of orthogonal polynomials


  It is known that orthogonal polynomials obey a 3 terms recursion relation, as
well as a 2x2 differential system. Here, we give an explicit and concise
expression of the differential system in terms of the recursion coefficients.
This result is a generalization of an expression of Fokas, Its and Kitaev for
the symmetric case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72358 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Loop Corrections to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment


  The dominant theoretical uncertainties in both, the anomalous magnetic moment
of the muon and the value of the electromagnetic coupling at the Z scale arise
from their hadronic contributions. Since these will ultimately dominate the
experimental errors, we study the correlation between them, as well as with
other fundamental parameters. To this end we present analytical formulas for
the QCD contribution from higher energies and from heavy quarks. Including
these correlations affects the Higgs boson mass extracted from precision data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150151 </DOCNO>
Calculation of Nonperturbative Terms in Open String Models


  Nonperturbative corrections in type II string theory corresponding to Riemann
surfaces with one boundary are calculated in several noncompact geometries of
desingularized orbifolds. One of these models has a complicated phase structure
which is explored. A general condition for integrality of the numerical
invariants is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149129 </DOCNO>
Polarization Effects on Weak Mixing Angle


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definition of noncommutative momentum introduced.
This paper is withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148533 </DOCNO>
Standard cosmology from the brane cosmology with a localized matter


  We discuss the brane cosmology in the 5D anti de Sitter Reissner-Nordstrom
(AdSRN$_5$) spacetime. A brane with the tension $\sigma$ is defined as the edge
of an AdSRN$_5$ space with mass $M$ and charge $Q$. In this case we get the
CFT-radiation term $(\rho_{CFT})$ from $M$ and the charged dust $(\rho^2_{cd})$
from $Q^2$ in the Friedmann-like equation.
 However, this equation is not justified because it contains $\rho_{cd}^2$-term
with wrong (negative) sign. In order to resolve this problem, we introduce a
dust matter which satisfies $P_{dm}=0$. If $\rho_{dm}=\fr{\sqrt
3}{2}\rho_{cd}$, the unwanted $\rho_{cd}^2$ is cancelled against $\rho_{dm}^2$
and thus one recovers a standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with
CFT-radiation and dust matter. For the stiff matter consideration, we can set
$\rho_{csti}\sim Q^2$ with the negative sign. Here we introduce a massless
scalar which plays the role of a stiff matter with $P_{sca}=\rho_{sca}$ to
cancel a negative $\rho_{csti}$. In this case, however, we find a mixed version
of the standard and brane cosmologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74989 </DOCNO>
Asymmetries Between Strange and Antistrange Particle Production in


  Recent measurements of the asymmetries between Feynman $x$ distributions of
strange and antistrange hadrons in $\pi^- A$ interactions show a strong effect
as a function of $x_F$. We calculate strange hadron production in the context
of the intrinsic model and make predictions for particle/antiparticle
asymmetries in these interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128428 </DOCNO>
The $\alpha$ Dynamo Effects in Laboratory Plasmas


  A concise review of observations of the $\alpha$ dynamo effect in laboratory
plasmas is given. Unlike many astrophysical systems, the laboratory pinch
plasmas are driven magnetically. When the system is overdriven, the resultant
instabilities cause magnetic and flow fields to fluctuate, and their
correlation induces electromotive forces along the mean magnetic field. This
$\alpha$-effect drives mean parallel electric current, which, in turn, modifies
the initial background mean magnetic structure towards the stable regime. This
drive-and-relax cycle, or the so-called self-organization process, happens in
magnetized plasmas in a time scale much shorter than resistive diffusion time,
thus it is a fast and unquenched dynamo process. The observed $\alpha$-effect
redistributes magnetic helicity (a measure of twistedness and knottedness of
magnetic field lines) but conserves its total value. It can be shown that fast
and unquenched dynamos are natural consequences of a driven system where
fluctuations are statistically either not stationary in time or not homogeneous
in space, or both. Implications to astrophysical phenomena will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81400 </DOCNO>
Screening mass responses to the chemical potential at finite temperature


  Responses to chemical potential of the pseudoscalar meson screening mass and
the chiral condensate in lattice QCD are investigated. On a $16 \times 8^2
\times \4$ lattice with two flavors of staggered quarks the first and second
responses below and above $T_c$ are evaluated. Different behavior in the low
and the high temperature phases are observed, which may be explained as a
consequence of the chiral symmetry breaking and restoration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3532 </DOCNO>
Orientations of the lamellar phase of block copolymer melts under


  We develop a theory to describe the reorientation phenomena in the lamellar
phase of block copolymer melt under reciprocating shear flow. We show that
similar to the steady-shear, the oscillating flow anisotropically suppresses
fluctuations and gives rise to the parallel-perpendicular orientation
transition. The experimentally observed high-frequency reverse transition is
explained in terms of interaction between the melt and the shear-cell walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97721 </DOCNO>
Completely integrable curve flows on Adjoint orbits


  It is known that the Schr\"odinger flow on a complex Grassmann manifold is
equivalent to the matrix non-linear Schr\"odinger equation and the Ferapontov
flow on a principal Adjoint U(n)-orbit is equivalent to the $n$-wave equation.
In this paper, we give a systematic method to construct integrable geometric
curve flows on Adjoint $U$-orbits from flows in the soliton hierarchy
associated to a compact Lie group $U$. There are natural geometric
bi-Hamiltonian structures on the space of curves on Adjoint orbits, and they
correspond to the order two and three Hamiltonian structures on soliton
equations under our construction. We study the Hamiltonian theory of these
geometric curve flows and also give several explicit examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150060 </DOCNO>
Complete N=4 Structure of Low-Energy Effective Action in N=4 Super


  Using the ${\cal N}=2$ superfield approach, we construct full ${\cal N}=4$
supersymmetric low-energy effective actions for ${\cal N}=4$ SYM models, with
both ${\cal N}=2$ gauge superfield strengths and hypermultiplet superfields
included. The basic idea is to complete the known non-holomorphic effective
potentials which depend only on ${\cal N}=2$ superfield strengths $W$ and
${\bar W}$ to the full on-shell ${\cal N}=4$ invariants by adding the
appropriate superfield hypermultiplet terms. We prove that the effective
potentials of the form ${ln} W {ln} \bar W$ can be ${\cal N} = 4$ completed in
this way and present the precise structure of the corresponding completions.
However, the effective potentials of the non-logarithmic form suggested in
hep-th/9811017 and hep-th/9909020 do not admit the ${\cal N}=4$ completion.
Therefore, such potentials cannot come out as (perturbative or
non-perturbative) quantum corrections in ${\cal N}=4$ SYM models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6712 </DOCNO>
Mirages and enhanced magnetic interactions in quantum corrals


  We develop a theory for the interactions between magnetic impurities in
nanoscopic systems. The case of impurities in quantum corrals built on the
(111) Cu surface is analyzed in detail. For elliptical corrals with one
impurity, clear magnetic mirages are obtained. This leads to an enhancement of
the inter-impurity interactions when two impurities are placed at special
points in the corral. We discuss the enhancement of the conduction electron
response to the local perturbation in other nanoscopic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174853 </DOCNO>
Effects of shell structure in reactions leading to the same compound


  The role of the entrance channel in fusion-fission reactions was studied by
the theoretical analysis of the experimental evaporation residue excitation
functions for reactions leading to the same compound nucleus. The evaporation
residues cross sections for xn-channels were calculated in the frame of the
combined dinuclear system concept and advanced statistical model. The revealed
differences between experimental data on the evaporation residues in the
^{40}Ar+^{176}Hf, ^{86}Kr + ^{130}Xe and ^{124}Sn + ^{92}Zr reactions leading
to the ^{216}Th^* compound nucleus are explained by the different spin
distributions of compound nuclei which are formed. It is shown that the
intrinsic fusion barrier B^*_{fus} and size of potential well are different for
every entrance channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1853 </DOCNO>
Magnetoconductivity due to Quantum Interference in Strongly Underdoped


  We report magnetoconductivity measurements on YBa_2Cu_3O_x (x=6.25 and 6.36)
single crystals. Our main result is that both the in-plane Delta_sigma_ab and
out-of-plane Delta_sigma_c magnetoconductivities exhibit the field dependence
characteristic of "two-dimensional" quantum interference in applied magnetic
fields H parallel to the c-axis. Namely, Delta_sigma_c,ab are proportional to
ln(H/H_0), with Delta_sigma_c/sigma_c substantially greater than
Delta_sigma_ab/sigma_ab. We interpret this result as evidence of interlayer
incoherence in these crystals, so that the phase-coherent trajectories are
mostly confined to one bilayer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76995 </DOCNO>
A Way to Reopen the Window for Electroweak Baryogenesis


  We reanalyse the sphaleron bound of electroweak baryogenesis when allowing
deviations to the Friedmann equation. These modifications are well motivated in
the context of brane cosmology where they appear without being in conflict with
major experimental constraints on four-dimensional gravity. While suppressed at
the time of nucleosynthesis, these corrections can dominate at the time of the
electroweak phase transition and in certain cases provide the amount of
expansion needed to freeze out the baryon asymmetry without requiring a
strongly first order phase transition. The sphaleron bound is substantially
weakened and can even disappear so that the constraints on the higgs and stop
masses do not apply anymore. Such modification of cosmology at early times
therefore reopens the parameter space allowing electroweak baryogenesis which
had been reduced substantially given the new bound on the higgs mass imposed by
LEP. In contrast with previous attempts to turn around the sphaleron bound
using alternative cosmologies, we are still considering that the electroweak
phase transition takes place in a radiation dominated universe. The universe is
expanding fast because of the modification of the Friedmann equation itself
without the need for a scalar field and therefore evading the problem of the
decay of this scalar field after the completion of the phase transition and the
risk that its release of entropy dilutes the baryon asymmetry produced at the
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5242 </DOCNO>
Frustrated quantum magnets


  In these lectures we sketch a rapid survey of recent theoretical advances in
the study of frustrated quantum magnets with a special emphasis on two
dimensional magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76463 </DOCNO>
Color Superconductivity and Blinking Proto-Neutron Stars


  If quark matter exists in the cores of neutron stars, it is most likely color
superconducting. Thus a phase transition from free to paired quark matter might
occur during the first minute of proto-neutron star evolution. In this talk I
discuss how critical behavior of the medium will modify neutrino diffusion,
possibly leading to a short temporal variation in the neutrino signal detected
on Earth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7284 </DOCNO>
Integrable Impurity Spin Ladder Systems


  Two integrable spin ladder systems with different types of impurities are
proposed. The impurities are introduced in such a way that the integrability of
the models is not violated. The models are solved exactly and the Bethe ansatz
equations as well as the energy eigenvalues are obtained. We show for both
models that a phase transition between gapped and gapless spin excitations
occurs at a critical value of the rung coupling J. In addition, the dependence
of the impurities on this phase transition is determined explicitly.
Remarkably, in one of the models a decreasing of the spin gap with increasing
impurity strength is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5119 </DOCNO>
Yang-Baxter equation for the $R$-matrix of 1-D $SU(n)$ Hubbard model


  Based on the tetrahedral Zamolodchikov algebra, we prove the Yang-Baxter
equation for the $R$-matrix of 1-D $SU(n)$ Hubbard model. Furthermore, we
present a generalization of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5640 </DOCNO>
Enhanced paramagnetism of the 4d itinerant electrons in the rhodium


  Polycrystalline rhodium(IV) oxide perovskite SrRhO3 was obtained by
high-pressure synthesis techniques, followed by measurements of the magnetic
susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and specific heat. The title compound
has five 4d-electrons per perovskite unit and shows Fermi-liquid behavior in
its electrical resistivity. The magnetic susceptibility is large [chi(300K)
\~1.1*10^{-3} emu/mol-Rh] and proportional to 1/T^2 (< 380 K), while there is
no magnetic long-range order above 1.8 K. The specific heat measurements
indicate a probable magnetic contribution below ~ 15 K, which is not predicted
by the self-consistent renormalization theory of spin fluctuations for both
antiferro- and ferromagnetic 3D nearly-ordered metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76596 </DOCNO>
Gravity and Antigravity with Discrete Interactions: Alternatives I and


  Questioning the experimental basis of continuous descriptions of fundamental
interactions we discuss classical gravity as an effective continuous
first-order approximation of a discrete interaction. The sub-dominant
contributions produce a residual interaction that may be repulsive and whose
physical meaning is of a correction of the excess contained in the continuous
approximation. These residual interactions become important (or even dominate)
at asymptotical conditions of very large distances from where there are data
(rotation curves of galaxies, inflation, accelerated expansion, etc) and
cosmological theoretical motivations that suggest new physics (new forms of
interactions) or new forms (dark) of matter and energy. We show that a discrete
picture of the world (of matter and of its interactions) produce, as an
approximation, the standard continuous picture and more. The flat rotation
curve of galaxies, for example, may have a simple and natural explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40786 </DOCNO>
Bounds on \sin 2\beta and |V_{ub}/V_{cb}| from the Light-Quark Triangle


  With the help of the light-quark triangle, which is essentially congruent to
the rescaled unitarity triangle for a variety of textures of the quark mass
matrices, we calculate the CP-violating quantity \sin 2\beta and the ratio of
|V_{ub}| to |V_{cb}|. We find that \sin 2\beta is most likely to lie in the
range 0.45 \leq \sin 2\beta \leq 0.60, a result compatible very well with the
present BaBar and Belle measurements. On the other hand, |V_{ub}/V_{cb}| \geq
0.8 is disfavored. Our bounds on both \sin 2\beta and |V_{ub}/V_{cb}| can soon
be confronted with more precise data to be accumulated from the asymmetric
B-meson factories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124473 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Brown Dwarfs as Ejected Stellar Embryos


  We conjecture that brown dwarfs are substellar objects because they have been
ejected from small newborn multiple systems which have decayed in dynamical
interactions. In this view, brown dwarfs are stellar embryos for which the star
formation process was aborted before the hydrostatic cores could build up
enough mass to eventually start hydrogen burning. The disintegration of a small
multiple system is a stochastic process, which can be described only in terms
of the half-life of the decay. A stellar embryo competes with its siblings in
order to accrete infalling matter, and the one that grows slowest is most
likely to be ejected. With better luck, a brown dwarf would therefore have
become a normal star. This interpretation of brown dwarfs readily explains the
rarity of brown dwarfs as companions to normal stars (aka the ``brown dwarf
desert''), the absence of wide brown dwarf binaries, and the flattening of the
low mass end of the initial mass function. Possible observational tests of this
scenario include statistics of brown dwarfs near Class 0 sources, and the
kinematics of brown dwarfs in star forming regions while they still retain a
kinematic signature of their expulsion. Because the ejection process limits the
amount of gas brought along in a disk, it is predicted that substellar
equivalents to the classical T Tauri stars should be very rare.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125709 </DOCNO>
Non-Gaussian morphology on large scales: Minkowski functionals of the


  In order to quantify higher-order correlations of the galaxy cluster
distribution we use a complete family of additive measures which give
scale-dependent morphological information. Minkowski functionals can be
expressed analytically in terms of integrals of n-point correlation functions.
They can be compared with measured Minkowski functionals of volume limited
samples extracted from the REFLEX survey. We find significant non-Gaussian
features in the large-scale spatial distribution of galaxy clusters. A
Gauss-Poisson process can be excluded as a viable model for the distribution
of galaxy clusters at the significance level of 95%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96572 </DOCNO>
Integral Transform and Segal-Bargmann Representation Associated to


  Let $\mu_p^{(q)}$ be the q-deformed Poisson measure in the sense of Saitoh
Yoshida and $\nu_p$ be the measure given by Equation \eqref{eq:nu-q}. In this
short paper, we introduce the q-deformed analogue of the Segal-Bargmann
transform associated with $\mu_p^{(q)}$. We prove that our Segal-Bargmann
transform is a unitary map of $L^2(\mu_p^{(q)})$ onto the q-deformed Hardy
space ${\cal H}^2(\nu_q)$. Moreover, we give the Segal-Bargmann representation
of the multiplication operator by $x$ in $L^2(\mu_p^{(q)})$, which is a linear
combination of the q-creation, q-annihilation, q-number, and scalar operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128737 </DOCNO>
A four-hours long burst from Serpens X-1


  During a serendipitous observation of the BeppoSAX Wide Field Cameras, a very
long Type I X-ray burst was observed from the low mass X-ray binary Serpens
X-1. The burst lasted for approximately 4 hours and had an exponential decay
time of 69+/-2 min (2-28 keV). The bolometric peak-luminosity is
(1.6+/-0.2)x10^38 erg/s and the fluence (7.3+/-1.4)x10^41 erg. The first
'normal' Type I burst was observed 34 days after the superburst. This is in
rough agreement with recent predictions for unstable carbon burning in a heavy
element ocean.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3443 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of Linear Compression Codes in Network


  We analyze the performance of a linear code used for a data compression of
Slepian-Wolf type. In our framework, two correlated data are separately
compressed into codewords employing Gallager-type codes and casted into a
communication network through two independent input terminals. At the output
terminal, the received codewords are jointly decoded by a practical algorithm
based on the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer approach. Our analysis shows that the
achievable rate region presented in the data compression theorem by Slepian and
Wolf is described as first-order phase transitions among several phases. The
typical performance of the practical decoder is also well evaluated by the
replica method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179719 </DOCNO>
Behavior of the charge fluctuation in relativistic nucleus-nucleus


  Using a hadron and string cascade model, JPCIAE, we investigated the
dependence of event-by-event charge fluctuation on the energy, centrality,
window size, resonance decay, and the final state interaction for $Pb+Pb$
collisions at SPS and LHC energies and $Au+Au$ collisions at RHIC energies. The
JPCIAE results of charge fluctuation as a function of the rapidity window size
in $Pb+Pb$ collisions at SPS energies were compared with the preliminary NA49
data. Comparisons with STAR and PHENIX data of $Au+Au$ collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{nn}}$=130 GeV were also given. It seems that the final state
interaction and resonance decay play a gentle role on the charge fluctuations.
The charge fluctuations are slightly decreasing with or nearly independent of
the reaction energy and hardly depend on the collision centrality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97654 </DOCNO>
Shuffles on Coxeter groups


  The random-to-top and the riffle shuffle are two well-studied methods for
shuffling a deck of cards. These correspond to the symmetric group $S_n$, i.e.,
the Coxeter group of type $A_{n-1}$. In this paper, we give analogous shuffles
for the Coxeter groups of type $B_n$ and $D_n$. These can be interpreted as
shuffles on a ``signed'' deck of cards. With these examples as motivation, we
abstract the notion of a shuffle algebra which captures the connection between
the algebraic structure of the shuffles and the geometry of the Coxeter groups.
We also briefly discuss the generalisation to buildings which leads to
q-analogues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168040 </DOCNO>
Radiation trapping in coherent media


  We show that the effective decay rate of Zeeman coherence, generated in a
Rb87 vapor by linearly polarized laser light, increases significantly with the
atomic density. We explain this phenomenon as the result of radiation trapping.
Our study shows that radiation trapping must be taken into account to fully
understand many electromagnetically induced transparency experiments with
optically thick media.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74837 </DOCNO>
4D Models of Scherk-Schwarz GUT Breaking via Deconstruction


  We examine new classes of GUT models where the GUT gauge group is broken by a
4D analogue of the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. These models are inspired by
``deconstructed'' 5D Scherk-Schwarz orbifold models. However, no fine tuning of
parameters or assumption of higher dimensional Lorentz invariance is necessary,
and the number of lattice sites can be as low as just two. These models provide
simple ways to solve the doublet-triplet splitting problem, changes proton
decay predictions, and may provide insight into the structure of the CKM
matrix. Since the number of fields in these models is finite, the corrections
to the unification of gauge couplings can be reliably calculated, and as
expected result only in threshold corrections to the differential running of
the couplings. Our analysis also suggests new 4D models which can enjoy the
benefits of orbifold models but cannot be obtained by deconstruction of a 5D
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97622 </DOCNO>
Generalized symplectic rational blowdowns


  We prove that the generalized rational blowdown, a surgery on smooth
4-manifolds, can be performed in the symplectic category.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169361 </DOCNO>
Approximate Quantum Cloning with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance


  Here we describe a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiment that uses a
three qubit NMR device to implement the one to two approximate quantum cloning
network of Buzek et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148222 </DOCNO>
Multiloop Noncommutative Open String Theory and their QFT limit


  The multiloop amplitudes for open bosonic string in presence of a constant
B-field are derived from first principles. The basic ingredients of the
construction are the commutation relations for the string modes and the Reggeon
vertex describing the interaction among three generic string states. The
modifications due to the presence of the B-field affect non--trivially only the
zero modes. This makes it possible to write in a simple and elegant way the
general expression for multiloop string amplitudes in presence of a constant
B-field. The field theory limit of these string amplitudes is also considered.
We show that it reproduces exactly the Feynman diagrams of noncommutative field
theories. Issues of UV/IR are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41627 </DOCNO>
Theoretical progress in describing the B-meson lifetimes


  The present status of the theoretical estimates of the difference between the
widths of the neutral Bs-mesons and of the B-meson lifetime ratios is reviewed.
In particular, the lattice results for the matrix elements of the relevant
(delta B=2)-operators are updated and the first lattice QCD results for the
matrix elements of (delta B=0)-operators are presented. In both cases, the NLO
perturbative QCD corrections in the coefficient functions have been included.
The theoretically updated results are: (delta Gamma/Gamma)_{Bs} = (7 +/- 4) %,
tau(B+)/tau(Bd) = 1.07(3) and tau(Bs)/tau(Bd) = 1.00(2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86836 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity on the Classical Background: Group Analysis, Part II


  Quantization of gravitational field in the neighbourhood of arbitrary
nontrivial solution of Einstein equations is considered, the 2nd order of
perturbation theory is calculated. The expression for quantum corrections of
the field operator and explicit view of Hamiltonian are represented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41292 </DOCNO>
Study of Semileptonic Decays $B^\pm \to \eta^{(\prime)} l \nu$


  We study semileptonic decays $B^\pm \to \eta^{(\prime)} l \nu$, which are
suggested to be used to extract the hadronic form factors of $B$ meson decays
to $\eta(\eta^{\prime})$ and the angle of $\eta-\eta^{\prime}$ mixing. This
would be of great benefit to theoretical studies of $B$ nonleptonic decays
involving $\eta$ and $\eta^{\prime}$, and could lead to a reliable and
complementary determination of $V_{ub}$. The branching ratios are estimated to
be ${\cal B}(B^\pm \to\eta^{(\prime)} l \nu)=4.32 \pm 0.83 (2.10 \pm 0.40)
\times 10^{-5}$, which could be extensively studied experimentally at $BaBar$
and Belle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148304 </DOCNO>
A gauge invariant regulator for the ERG


  A gauge invariant regularisation for dealing with pure Yang-Mills theories
within the exact renormalization group approach is proposed. It is based on the
regularisation via covariant higher derivatives and includes auxiliary
Pauli-Villars fields which amounts to a spontaneously broken SU(N|N)
super-gauge theory. We demonstrate perturbatively that the extended theory is
ultra-violet finite in four dimensions and argue that it has a sensible limit
when the regularization cutoff is removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6850 </DOCNO>
Shape of nanosize superconducting grains: Does it influence pairing


  The Richardson exact solution for the reduced BCS Hamiltonian is applied to
examine how sensitive are the pairing characteristics (condensation energy,
spectroscopic gap, parity gap) to a specific configuration of single-electron
energy levels in nanosize metallic grains. Using single-electron energy spectra
in parallelepiped-shaped potential boxes with various volumes and aspect ratios
as a model of energy levels in grains, we show that this sensitivity is
extremely high. Just due to such an extreme sensitivity, the detailed shape of
grains cannot be detected through the pairing characteristics, averaged over an
ensemble of grains, even in the case of relatively small size dispersion within
this ensemble. We analyse the effect of the pairing interaction on the
excited-level spacings in superconducting grains and comment on the influence
of shape-dependent fluctuations in single-electron energy spectra on the
possibility to reveal this effect through tunnelling measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95400 </DOCNO>
Quantized Algebras of Functions on Affine Hecke Algebras


  The so called quantized algebras of functions on affine Hecke algebras of
type A and the corresponding q-Schur algebras are defined and their irreducible
unitarizable representations are classified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179653 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Self-energy and Realistic Interactions


  The structure of nucleon self-energy in nuclear matter is evaluated for
various realistic models of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction. Starting from
the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approximation without the usual angle-average
approximation, the effects of hole-hole contributions and a self-consistent
treatment within the framework of the Green function approach are investigated.
Special attention is paid to the predictions for the spectral function
originating from various models of the NN interaction which all yield an
accurate fit for the NN phase shifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148930 </DOCNO>
Scattering of massless and massive monopoles in an SU(N) theory


  We use the moduli space approximation to study the time evolution of
magnetically charged configurations in a theory with an SU(N+2) gauge symmetry
spontaneously broken to U(1) x SU(N) x U(1). We focus on configurations
containing two massive and N-1 massless monopoles. The latter do not appear as
distinct objects, but instead coalesce into a cloud of non-Abelian field. We
find that at large times the cloud and the massless particles are decoupled,
with separately conserved energies. The interaction between them occurs through
a scattering process in which the cloud, acting very much like a thin shell,
contracts and eventually bounces off the cores of the massive monopoles. The
strength of the interaction, as measured, e.g., by the amount of energy
transfer, tends to be greatest if the shell is small at the time that it
overlaps the massive cores. We also discuss the corresponding behavior for the
case of the SU(3) multimonopole solutions studied by Dancer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6788 </DOCNO>
A Brief Discussion on the Crossovers in Detrended Fluctuation Analysis


  An analytical formula for the contributions of the trend leftovers in DFA
method is presented, based upon which the crossovers in DFA are investigated in
detail. This general formula can explain the calculated results with DFA method
for some examples in literature very well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148066 </DOCNO>
Comments on fractional instantons in N=2 gauge theories


  N=1^* gauge theories are believed to have fractional instanton contributions
in the confining vacua. D3 brane probe computations in gravitation dual of
large-N N=2^* gauge theories point to the absence of such contributions in the
low energy gauge dynamics. We study fractional instantons in N=2 SU(2)
Yang-Mills theory from the field theoretical perspective. We present new
solutions to the Seiberg-Witten SU(2) monodromy problem with the same
perturbative asymptotic, a massless monopole and a dyon singularity on the
moduli space, and fractional instanton corrections to N=2 prepotential in the
semi-classical region of the moduli space. We show that fractional instantons
lead to infinite monopole (dyon) condensate in mass deformed N=2 gauge
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126239 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Molecular Clouds


  In a recent paper, Elmegreen (2000) has made a cogent case, from an
observational point of view, that the lifetimes of molecular clouds are
comparable to their dynamical timescales. If so, this has important
implications for the mechanisms by which molecular clouds form. In particular
we consider the hypothesis that molecular clouds may form not by {\it in situ}
cooling of atomic gas, but rather by the agglomeration of the dense phase of
the interstellar medium (ISM), much, if not most, of which is already in
molecular form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179499 </DOCNO>
Effect of higher orbital angular momenta in the baryon spectrum


  We have performed a Faddeev calculation of the baryon spectrum for the chiral
constituent quark model including higher orbital angular momentum states. We
have found that the effect of these states is important, although a description
of the baryon spectrum of the same quality as the one given by including only
the lowest-order configurations can be obtained. We have studied the effect of
the pseudoscalar quark-quark interaction on the relative position of the
positive- and negative-parity excitations of the nucleon as well as the effect
of varying the strength of the color-magnetic interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123549 </DOCNO>
Radio Plasma as a Cosmological Probe


  Plasma containing relativistic particles appears in various forms in the
inter galactic medium (IGM): As radio plasma released by active radio galaxies,
as fossil radio plasma from former radio galaxies - so called `radio ghosts',
as `cluster radio relics' in some clusters of galaxies, and as `cluster radio
halos'. The impact of the different forms of radio plasma on the IGM and their
use as diagnostic tools are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98087 </DOCNO>
A magnetic model with a possible Chern-Simons phase


  A rather elementary family of local Hamiltonians $H_{\circ, \ell}, \ell =
1,2,3, ...$, is described for a 2-dimensional quantum mechanical system of spin
={1/2} particles. On the torus, the ground state space $G_{\circ, \ell}$ is
essentially infinite dimensional but may collapse under $\l$perturbation" to an
anyonic system with a complete mathematical description: the quantum double of
the SO(3)-Chern-Simons modular functor at $q= e^{2 \pi i/\ell +2}$ which we
call $D E \ell$. The Hamiltonian $H_\circ, \ell}$ defines a \underline{quantum}
\underline{loop} \underline{gas}. We argue that for $\ell = 1$ and 2, $G_\circ,
\ell}$ is unstable and the collapse to $G_{\epsilon, \ell} \cong D E \ell$ can
occur truly by perturbation. For $\ell \geq 3 G_{\circ, \ell}$ is stable and in
this case finding $G_{\epsilon, \ell} \cong D E \ell$ must require either
$\epsilon> \epsilon_\ell> 0$, help from finite system size, surface roughening
(see section 3), or some other trick, hence the initial use of quotes
$\l\quad$". A hypothetical phase diagram is included in the introduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128301 </DOCNO>
HS 0705+6700: a new eclipsing sdB binary


  We report the discovery of an eclipsing binary - HS 0705+6700 - being an sdB
star with a faint companion. From its light curve the orbital period of 8263.87
s, the mass ratio of the system q = 0.28, the inclination of 84.4 deg and other
system parameters are derived. The companion does not contribute to the optical
light of the system except through a strong reflection effect. The
semi-amplitude of the radial velocity curve K1 = 85.8 km/s and a mass function
of f(m) = 0.00626 Msun are determined. A spectroscopic analysis of the blue
spectra results in Teff = 28800K, log g = 5.40, and log n(He)/n(H) = -2.68.
These characteristics are typical for sdB stars, as is its mass of 0.48 Msun.
According to its mass (0.13 Msun) and radius (0.19 Rsun), the companion is an M
dwarf. The primary is in a core helium burning phase of evolution, and the
system must have gone through a common envelope stage when the primary was near
the tip of the red giant branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169294 </DOCNO>
Quantum Brownian motion without quantum correlations


  We investigate the entanglement properties of the joint state of the
distinguished quantum system and its environment in the quantum Brownian motion
model. This model is a frequent starting point for investigations of
environment-induced superselection. We find that there exists a large class of
initial states for which no entanglement will be created between the system of
salient interest and the environment. This analysis, which makes use of recent
results on continuous-variable entanglement, shows that environment-induced
superselection in quantum Brownian motion does not necessarily rely on genuine
quantum correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96085 </DOCNO>
Invariant Properties of the Ansatz of the Hirota Method for Quasilinear


  We propose a new method based on the invariant properties of the ansatz of
the Hirota method which have been discovered recently. This method allows one
to construct new solutions for a certain class the dissipative equations
classified by degrees of homogeneity. This algorithm is similar to the method
of ``dressing'' the solutions of integrable equations. A class of new solutions
is constructed. It is proved that all known exact solutions of the
FitzHygh-Nagumo-Semenov equation can be expressed in terms of solutions of the
linear parabolic equation. This method is compared with the Miura transforms in
the theory of Kortveg de Vris equations. This method allows on to create a
package by using the methods of computer algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148918 </DOCNO>
Recursive Graphical Construction of Tadpole-Free Feynman Diagrams and


  We review different approaches to the graphical generation of the
tadpole-free Feynman diagrams of the self-energy and the one-particle
irreducible four-point function. These are needed for calculating the critical
exponents of the euclidean multicomponent scalar phi^4-theory with
renormalization techniques in d=4-epsilon dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97791 </DOCNO>
Non-complex symplectic 4-manifolds with $b_{2}^{+}=1$


  In this short article we give a criterion whether a given minimal symplectic
4-manifold with $b_{2}^{+}=1$ having a torsion-free canonical class is rational
or ruled. As a corollary, we confirm that most of homotopy elliptic surfaces
$E(1}_{K}$, K is a fibered knot in $S^3$, constructed by R. Fintushel and R.
Stern are minimal symplectic 4-manifolds with $b_{2}^{+}=1$ which do not admit
a complex structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85822 </DOCNO>
Near-Horizon Conformal Structure of Black Holes


  The near-horizon properties of a black hole are studied within an algebraic
framework, using a scalar field as a simple probe to analyze the geometry. The
operator H governing the near-horizon dynamics of the scalar field contains an
inverse square interaction term. It is shown that the operators appearing in
the corresponding algebraic description belong to the representation space of
the Virasoro algebra. The operator H is studied using the representation theory
of the Virasoro algebra. We observe that the wave functions exhibit scaling
behaviour in a band-like region near the horizon of the black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86716 </DOCNO>
Comment on Ricci Collineations for spherically symmetric space-times


  It is shown that the results of the paper by Contreras et al. [Contreras, G.,
Nunez, L. A., Percoco, U. "Ricci Collineations for Non-degenerate, Diagonal and
Spherically Symmetric Ricci Tensors" (2000) Gen. Rel. Grav. 32, 285-294]
concerning the Ricci Collineations in spherically symmetric space-times with
non-degenerate and diagonal Ricci tensor do not cover all possible cases.
Furthermore the complete algebra of Ricci Collineations of certain
Robertson-Walker metrics of vanishing spatial curvature are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 335 </DOCNO>
A "fast growth" method of computing free energy differences


  Let Delta F be the free energy difference between two equilibrium states of a
system. An established method of numerically computing Delta F involves a
single, long ``switching simulation'', during which the system is driven
reversibly from one state to the other (slow growth, or adiabatic switching).
Here we study a method of obtaining the same result from numerous independent,
irreversible simulations of much shorter duration (fast growth). We illustrate
the fast growth method, computing the excess chemical potential of a
Lennard-Jones fluid as a test case, and we examine the performance of fast
growth as a practical computational tool.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96971 </DOCNO>
Gomory Integer Programs


  The set of all group relaxations of an integer program contains certain
special members called Gomory relaxations. A family of integer programs with a
fixed coefficient matrix and cost vector but varying right hand sides is a
Gomory family if every program in the family can be solved by one of its Gomory
relaxations. In this paper, we characterize Gomory families. Every TDI system
gives a Gomory family, and we construct Gomory families from matrices whose
columns form a Hilbert basis for the cone they generate. The existence of
Gomory families is related to the Hilbert covering problems that arose from the
conjectures of Sebo. Connections to commutative algebra are outlined at the
end.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76967 </DOCNO>
Multiple Point Model and Phase Transition Couplings in the Two-Loop


  The phase transition "Coulomb-confinement" in the U(1) regularized gauge
theory is considered in the framework of dual Abelian Higgs model of scalar
monopoles (shortly: Higgs monopole model). The effective potential analogous to
the Coleman-Weinberg's one, improved by the renormalization group equation, is
constructed, using beta-functions in the two-loop approximation. The value of
QED critical fine structure constant was calculated: $\alpha_{crit}\approx
0.208$, in correspondence with lattice result: $\alpha_{crit}^{lat}\approx
0.20\pm 0.015$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86850 </DOCNO>
Inflation and Global Equivalence


  This article investigates an extension of General Relativity based upon a
class of lifted metrics on the cotangent bundle of space-time. The dynamics of
the theory is determined by a fixed section of the cotangent bundle,
representing the momentum of a fluid flow, and Einstein's equations for the
fluid applied to the induced space-time metric on the submanifold of the
cotangent bundle defined by the image of the section. This construction is
formally analogous to the extension of Galilean Relativity by Special
Relativity, and is shown to reduce to General Relativity as the gravitational
constant approaches zero. By examining the consequences of the model for
homogeneous cosmologies, it is demonstrated that this construction globalizes
the equivalence principle, in that, the perfect fluid model of Special
Relativity is sufficient to predict both the inflationary and the current era.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86508 </DOCNO>
Casimir Effect in 2D Stringy Black Hole Backgrounds


  We consider the two-dimensional "Schwarzschild" and "Reissner-Nordstrom"
stringy black holes as systems of Casimir type. We explicitly calculate the
energy-momentum tensor of a massless scalar field satisfying Dirichlet boundary
conditions on two one-dimensional "walls". These results are obtained using the
Wald's axioms. Thermodynamical quantities such as pressure, specific heat,
isothermal compressibility and entropy of the two-dimensional stringy black
holes are calculated. A comparison is made between the obtained results and the
laws of thermodynamics. The results obtained for the extremal (Q=M) stringy
two-dimensional charged black hole are identical in all three different vacua
used; a fact that indicates its quantum stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150243 </DOCNO>
On the Concept of Spin


  It is substantiated that spin is a notion associated with the group of
internal symmetry that is tightly connected with the geometrical structure of
spacetime. The wave equation for the description of the particles with spin one
half is proposed. On this ground it is shown that the spin of electron is
exhibited through the quantum number and accordingly the Dirac equation
describes properties of particles with the projection of spin equal plus or
minus one half. On contrary, we put forward the conjecture that the spin of the
quark cannot be considered as a quantum number, but only as an origin of a
non-abelian gauge field. It is a deep reason for understanding quark-lepton
symmetry and such important phenomena as quark confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124290 </DOCNO>
Intergalactic Magnetic Fields from Quasar Outflows


  Outflows from quasars inevitably pollute the intergalactic medium (IGM) with
magnetic fields. The short-lived activity of a quasar leaves behind an
expanding magnetized bubble in the IGM. We model the expansion of the remnant
quasar bubbles and calculate their distribution as a function of size and
magnetic field strength at different redshifts. We generically find that by a
redshift z=3, about 5-20% of the IGM volume is filled by magnetic fields with
an energy density >10% of the mean thermal energy density of a photo-ionized
IGM (at T=10^4 K). As massive galaxies and X-ray clusters condense out of the
magnetized IGM, the adiabatic compression of the magnetic field could result in
the field strength observed in these systems without a need for further dynamo
amplification. The intergalactic magnetic field could also provide a nonthermal
contribution to the pressure of the photo-ionized gas that may account for the
claimed discrepancy between the simulated and observed Doppler width
distributions of the Ly-alpha forest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126410 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo cluster simulations to determine the rate of compact star


  The capture and gradual inspiral of stellar mass objects by a massive black
hole at the centre of a galaxy has been proposed as one of the most promising
source of gravitational radiation to be detected by LISA. Unfortunately rate
estimates for this process suffer from many uncertainties. Here we report on
the use of our newly developed Monte Carlo stellar dynamics code to tackle this
problem. We present results from simple galactic nuclei models that demonstrate
the high potential of our approach and point out the aspects of the problem
where an improved treatment seems desirable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95744 </DOCNO>
Spectral behaviour of a simple non-self-adjoint operator


  We investigate the spectrum of a typical non-self-adjoint differential
operator $AD=-d^2/dx^2\otimes A$ acting on $\Lp(0,1)\otimes \mathbb{C}^2$,
where $A$ is a $2\times 2$ constant matrix. We impose Dirichlet and Neumann
boundary conditions in the first and second coordinate respectively at both
ends of $[0,1]\subset\mathbb{R}$. For $A\in \mathbb{R}^{2\times 2}$ we explore
in detail the connection between the entries of $A$ and the spectrum of $AD$,
we find necessary conditions to ensure similarity to a self-adjoint operator
and give numerical evidence that suggests a non-trivial spectral evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95779 </DOCNO>
The T^1-lifting theorem in positive characteristic


  Replacing symmetric powers by divided powers and working over Witt vectors
instead of ground fields, I generalize Kawamatas T^1-lifting theorem to
characteristic p>0. Combined with the work of Deligne-Illusie on degeneration
of the Hodge-de Rham spectral sequences, this gives unobstructedness for
certain Calabi-Yau varieties with free crystalline cohomology modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41362 </DOCNO>
Measurement of D_s^+ and D_s^{*+} production in B meson decays and from


  New precise measurements of $D_s^+$ and $D_s^{*+}$ meson production from $B$
mesons and $q\overline q$ continuum events near the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance
are presented in this paper. Using the BABAR data recorded in 1999 and 2000 of
20.8 fb$^{-1}$ on-resonance and 2.6 fb$^{-1}$ off-resonance, we measure the
inclusive branching fractions ${\cal B}(B\to D_s^+ X) = (10.93\pm 0.19\pm
0.58\pm 2.73)%$ and ${\cal B}(B\to D_s^{*+} X) = (7.94\pm 0.82\pm 0.72\pm
1.99)%$, where the first error is statistical, the second is the systematic
error, and the third is the error due to the $D_s^+\to\phi\pi^+$ branching
fraction uncertainty. The branching fractions $\Sigma {\cal B}(B\to D_s^{(*)+}
\overline D^{(*)}) = (5.07\pm 0.09\pm 0.34\pm 1.27)%$ and $\Sigma {\cal B}(B\to
D_s^{*+} \overline D^{(*)}) = (4.07\pm 0.42\pm 0.53\pm 1.02)%$ have been
determined from the measured $D_s^{(*)+}$ momentum spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6698 </DOCNO>
Quantum integrable system with two color components in two dimensions


  The Davey-Stewartson 1(DS1) system[9] is an integrable model in two
dimensions. A quantum DS1 system with 2 colour-components in two dimensions has
been formulated. This two-dimensional problem has been reduced to two
one-dimensional many-body problems with 2 colour-components. The solutions of
the two-dimensional problem under consideration has been constructed from the
resulting problems in one dimensions. For latters with the $\delta $-function
interactions and being solved by the Bethe ansatz, we introduce symmetrical and
antisymmetrical Young operators of the permutation group and obtain the exact
solutions for the quantum DS1 system. The application of the solusions is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72574 </DOCNO>
Relic Dark energy from Trans-Planckian Regime


  As yet, there is no underlying fundamental theory for the transplanckian
regime. There is a need to address the issue of how the observables in our
present universe are affected by processes that may have occured during the
transplanckian regime. A particular feature of the family of dispersion
functions chosen is the production of ultralow frequencies at very high momenta
$k> M_P$. We name the range of the ultralow energy modes (of very short
distances) that have frequencies equal or less than the current Hubble rate
$H_0$ as the $\it{tail}$ modes. These modes are still frozen today due to the
expansion of the universe. We calculate their energy today and show that the
$tail$ provides a strong candidate for the {\it dark energy} of the universe.
During inflation, their energy is about 122-123 orders of magnitude smaller
than the total energy. We present the exact solutions and show that: the CMBR
spectrum is that of a (nearly) black body, and that the adiabatic vacuum is the
only choice for the initial conditions. Finally, some of these results can also
be applied to black hole physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72734 </DOCNO>
The Curious Adventure of the Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays


  These lectures discuss the mysteries involving the production and
extragalactic propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and suggested
possible solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1160 </DOCNO>
The one-electron Green's function of the half-filled Hubbard model on a


  The one-electron density of states for the half-filled Hubbard model on a
triangular lattice is studied as a function of both temperature and Hubbard U
using Quantum Monte Carlo. We find three regimes: (1) a strong-coupling
Mott-Hubbard regime, characterized by a gap which persists even at high
temperatures; (2) a weak-coupling paramagnetic regime, characterized by the
absence of a pseudogap at any finite temperature; and (3) an
intermediate-coupling (spiral) spin-density-wave regime, characterized by a
pseudogap which appears when U is increased beyond a critical (temperature
dependent) value. The behavior of the sqrt(3) times sqrt{3} adlayer structures
on fourth-group semiconductor surfaces is briefly commented upon in the light
of the above discussion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125954 </DOCNO>
Observable Effects of B fields on the Winds and Envelopes of Hot Stars


  Magnetic fields on hot stars can produce a variety of interesting effects on
the velocity, density, and temperature structure in the winds from the stars.
The fields can produce a longitudinal dependence of the mass flux, which would
lead to cyclical variability such as that seen in optical and UV spectra of
many early-type stars. The fields can channel and spin-up the outflow, which
appears to be needed to explain the disk-like density enhancements around Ap
and Be stars. Magnetic confinement of hot gases can occur and be responsible
for the anomalously high EUV fluxes seen in B giants, and the anomalous high
ion X-ray line emission that is seen in recent CHANDRA observations. Special
attention is given to the reports at this meeting that A stars develop magnetic
Ap phenomenon only after about 30 percent of their main sequence lifetimes. A
similar delay occurs for the emission line Be stars. It is suggested that these
delays are related to the time it takes for fields to rise through the
sub-adiabatic envelope to the surface starting from the interface between the
convective-core and radiative-envelope where they are generated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149576 </DOCNO>
A Note on Closed Strings


  Special kind of closed strings is considered. It is shown that these closed
strings behave as two (an even number of) open strings at the classical level
and almost one open string at the quantum level. They contain photons in their
spectrum and can lie on D branes. Some properties of closed string field
effective action are declared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168477 </DOCNO>
The Time Energy Uncertainty Relation


  The time energy uncertainty relation has been a controversial issue since the
advent of quantum theory, with respect to appropriate formalisation, validity
and possible meanings. A comprehensive account of the development of this
subject up to the 1980s is provided by a combination of the reviews of Jammer
(1974), Bauer and Mello (1978), and Busch (1990). More recent reviews are
concerned with different specific aspects of the subject. The purpose of this
chapter is to show that different types of time energy uncertainty relation can
indeed be deduced in specific contexts, but that there is no unique universal
relation that could stand on equal footing with the position-momentum
uncertainty relation. To this end, we will survey the various formulations of a
time energy uncertainty relation, with a brief assessment of their validity,
and along the way we will indicate some new developments that emerged since the
1990s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83997 </DOCNO>
Intelligent Anticipated Exploration of Web Sites


  In this paper we describe a web search agent, called Global Search Agent
(hereafter GSA for short). GSA integrates and enhances several search
techniques in order to achieve significant improvements in the user-perceived
quality of delivered information as compared to usual web search engines. GSA
features intelligent merging of relevant documents from different search
engines, anticipated selective exploration and evaluation of links from the
current result set, automated derivation of refined queries based on user
relevance feedback. System architecture as well as experimental accounts are
also illustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168134 </DOCNO>
On first-order scaling intertwining in quantum mechanics


  We generalize the standard first-order intertwining relationship of
supersymmetric quantum mechanics in order to include simultaneous scaling
transformations in both the original Hamiltonian and the intertwining operator.
It is argued that in this way one can generate potentials with more interesting
spectra than those obtained by means of the standard first-order intertwining
technique and, as an outcome, a simple engineering procedure is presented. The
harmonic oscillator potential is used in order to illustrate the previous
statements. Moreover, a matrix representation of the scaled intertwining
relationship is sketched up allowing for higher-dimensional generalizations in
the case of separable potentials

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74994 </DOCNO>
Gauge Mediated Proton Decay in a Renormalizable SUSY SO(10) with


  Admin note: Erroneous duplicate submission. This copy removed, see instead
hep-ph/0107055

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129189 </DOCNO>
The aperiodic variability of Cyg X-1 and GRS 1915 +105 at very low


  We have carried out a timing analysis of Cyg X-1 and GRS 1915+105 using more
than 5 years worth of data from the All Sky Monitor (ASM) on board RXTE. We
have obtained for the first time power density spectra, colour-colour and
colour-intensity plots, cross-correlation functions and phase-lag diagrams to
investigate the variability of the sources at frequencies < 10^{-5} Hz. We find
that the PDS are not flat but consistent with a power-law of index ~-1. This is
the same slope as that found in the power spectra of Cyg X-1 during the soft
state. In fact, the power spectrum of Cyg X-1 in the frequency range
10^{-7}-10^{-5} Hz appears as a continuation of the 10^{-3}-10 Hz power
spectrum during the soft state. Significant variability, expressed as the
fractional rms in the frequency range 2 x 10^{-7}-1 x 10^{-5} Hz, is detected
at a level of 27% and 21% for GRS 1915+105 and Cyg X-1, respectively. Our
results confirm previous suggestions that the innermost regions of the
accretion disc are affected by variations occurring at larger radii from the
black hole, presumably due to changes in the mass accretion rate. We also
observe strong spectral changes: in Cyg X--1 the spectrum softens as the flux
increases when it is in the low/hard state, and hardens with increasing flux in
the high/soft state. GRS 1915+105 follows the same trend as Cyg X-1 in the soft
state, but the hardness ratios show a larger amplitude of variation. The
cross-correlation shows that the variations occur simultaneously in all energy
bands. However, the cross-correlation functions are asymmetric toward negative
lags. The phase spectrum also reveals negative lags at periods larger than a
few days, suggesting that the long term variations in the soft energy band are
delayed with respect to the harder bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75019 </DOCNO>
The Solar hep Process in Effective Field Theory


  Using effective field theory, we calculate the S-factor for the hep process
in a totally parameter-free formulation. The transition operators are organized
according to chiral counting, and their matrix elements are evaluated using the
realistic nuclear wave functions obtained in the
correlated-hyperspherical-harmonics method. Terms of up to
next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in heavy-baryon chiral perturbation
theory are considered. Fixing the only parameter in the theory by fitting the
tritium \beta-decay rate, we predict the hep S-factor with accuracy better than
\sim 20 %.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150054 </DOCNO>
Mirror Symmetry and Closed String Tachyon Condensation


  We study closed string tachyon condensation using the RG flow of the
worldsheet theory. In many cases the worldsheet theory enjoys N=2
supersymmetry, which provides analytic control over the flow, due to
non-renormalization theorems. Moreover, Mirror symmetry sheds light on the RG
flow in such cases.
  We discuss the relevant tachyon condensation in the context of both compact
and non-compact situations which lead to very different conclusions.
Furthermore, the tachyon condensation leads to non-trivial dualities for
non-supersymmetric probe theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41559 </DOCNO>
Search for eta_b in Two-Photon Events


  A search for the pseudoscalar meson eta_b was performed at LEP~II energies
with an integrated luminosity of 700pb^-1. The search, done for the decay modes
into 4 and 6 charged particles yielded 0 and 1 candidates, respectively. Upper
limits on Gamma_gammagamma(eta_b)*BR for both modes of 57eV and 128eV were
obtained with corresponding limits of 17% and 38% on branching ratios BR(eta_b)
-> 4 charged particles and BR(eta_b) -> 6 charged particles at a confidence
level of 95%. The candidate has a mass of 9.30 +- 0.04GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95764 </DOCNO>
The Practice of Finitism: Epsilon Calculus and Consistency Proofs in


  After a brief flirtation with logicism in 1917-1920, David Hilbert proposed
his own program in the foundations of mathematics in 1920 and developed it, in
concert with collaborators such as Paul Bernays and Wilhelm Ackermann,
throughout the 1920s. The two technical pillars of the project were the
development of axiomatic systems for ever stronger and more comprehensive areas
of mathematics and finitistic proofs of consistency of these systems. Early
advances in these areas were made by Hilbert (and Bernays) in a series of
lecture courses at the University of Goettingen between 1917 and 1923, and
notably in Ackermann's dissertation of 1924. The main innovation was the
invention of the epsilon-calculus, on which Hilbert's axiom systems were based,
and the development of the epsilon-substitution method as a basis for
consistency proofs. The paper traces the development of the "simultaneous
development of logic and mathematics" through the epsilon-notation and provides
an analysis of Ackermann's consistency proofs for primitive recursive
arithmetic and for the first comprehensive mathematical system, the latter
using the substitution method. It is striking that these proofs use transfinite
induction not dissimilar to that used in Gentzen's later consistency proof as
well as non-primitive recursive definitions, and that these methods were
accepted as finitistic at the time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113995 </DOCNO>
Excitons in a Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting System: A Combined


  The dynamics of pigment-pigment and pigment-protein interactions in
light-harvesting complexes is studied with a novel approach which combines
molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with quantum chemistry (QC) calculations.
The MD simulations of an LH-II complex, solvated and embedded in a lipid
bilayer at physiological conditions (with total system size of 87,055 atoms)
revealed a pathway of a water molecule into the B800 binding site, as well as
increased dimerization within the B850 BChl ring, as compared to the
dimerization found for the crystal structure. The fluctuations of pigment (B850
BChl) excitation energies, as a function of time, were determined via ab initio
QC calculations based on the geometries that emerged from the MD simulations.
  From the results of these calculations we constructed a time-dependent
Hamiltonian of the B850 exciton system from which we determined the linear
absorption spectrum. Finally, a polaron model is introduced to describe quantum
mechanically both the excitonic and vibrational (phonon) degrees of freedom.
The exciton-phonon coupling that enters into the polaron model, and the
corresponding phonon spectral function are derived from the MD/QC simulations.
It is demonstrated that, in the framework of the polaron model, the absorption
spectrum of the B850 excitons can be calculated from the autocorrelation
function of the excitation energies of individual BChls, which is readily
available from the combined MD/QC simulations. The obtained result is in good
agreement with the experimentally measured absorption spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98219 </DOCNO>
Recognition principle for generalized Eilenberg-Mac Lane spaces


  We give a homotopy theoretical characterization of generalized Eilenberg-Mac
Lane spaces, modeled after Segal's characterization of infinite loop spaces via
Gamma spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73187 </DOCNO>
Primordial nucleosynthesis and hadronic decay of a massive particle with


  In this paper we consider the effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) of
the hadronic decay of a long-lived massive particle. If high-energy hadrons are
emitted near the BBN epoch ($t \sim 10^{-2}$ -- $10^2 \sec$), they
extraordinarily inter-convert the background nucleons each other even after the
freeze-out time of the neutron to proton ratio. Then, produced light element
abundances are changed, and that may result in a significant discrepancy
between standard BBN and observations. Especially on the theoretical side, now
we can obtain a lot of experimental data of hadrons and simulate the hadronic
decay process executing the numerical code of the hadron fragmentation even in
the high energy region where we have no experimental data. Using the light
element abundances computed in the hadron-injection scenario, we derive a
constraint on properties of such a particle by comparing our theoretical
results with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96324 </DOCNO>
Analytic families of eigenfunctions on a reductive symmetric space


  The asymptotic behavior of holomorphic families of generalized eigenfunctions
on a reductive symmetric space is studied. The family parameter is a complex
character on the split component of a parabolic subgroup. The main result
asserts that the family vanishes if a particular asymptotic coefficient does.
This allows an induction of relations between families that will be applied in
forthcoming work on the Plancherel and the Paley-Wiener theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124055 </DOCNO>
Magnetic flaring in pre-main sequence stars


  Observations of nearby star forming clouds with imaging X-ray telescopes have
revealed that X-ray emission is elevated $10^1-10^4$ above main sequence levels
in low-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) stars. The variability and spectral X-ray
evidence, together with circularly polarized radio continuum flares seen in a
few cases, strongly argues for an origin in magnetic reconnection flares. These
high levels of magnetic activity are present from the earliest protostellar
phase to the main sequence. After a brief review of past observations, three
astrophysical issues are raised: the location of the flaring magnetic fields,
the origin of these fields, and the effects of flare high-energy photons and
particles on the environs. New results from Chandra observations of a
well-defined samples of PMS solar analogues are presented, giving an improved
view of magnetic flaring in the early Sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4898 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Magnetic Ground State in the Electron-Doped


  Measurements of the specific heat on the system Ca$_{1-x}$La$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$
($x\leq 0.08$) are reported. Particular attention is paid to the effect that
doping the parent compound with electrons by substitution of La for Ca has on
the magnetic ground state. The high (T>40 K) temperature data reveals that
doping decreases $T_{N}$ from 122 K for the undoped sample to 106 K for
x=0.06. The low temperature (T<10 K) heat capacity data is consistent with
phase separation. The undoped sample displays a finite density of states and
typical antiferromagnetic behavior. The addition of electrons in the x=0.03
sample creates local ferromagnetism as evidenced by the need to add a
ferromagnetic component to the heat capacity data. Further substitution to
x=0.06 enhances the ferromagnetism as evidenced by the formation of a long
range spin density wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6796 </DOCNO>
The Hartree-Fock state for the 2DEG at filling factor 1/2 revisited:


  The CDW Hartree-Fock state at half filling and half electron per unit cell is
examined. Firstly, an exact solution in terms of Bloch-like states is
presented. Using this solution we discuss the dynamics near half filling and
show the mass to diverge logarithmically as this filling is approached. We also
show how a uniform density state may be constructed from a linear combination
of two degenerate solutions. Finally we show the second order correction to the
energy to be an order of magnitude larger than that for competing CDW solutions
with one electron per unit cell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1252 </DOCNO>
Reorientation phase transitions in thin magnetic films: a review of the


  The ground state and the finite temperature phase diagrams with respect to
magnetic configurations are studied systematically for thin magnetic films in
terms of a classical Heisenberg model including magnetic dipole-dipole
interaction and uniaxial anisotropy. Simple relations are derived for the
occurrence of the various phase boundaries between the different regions of the
magnetic orientations. In particular, the range of the first and second order
reorientation phase transitions are determined for bi- and trilayers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72441 </DOCNO>
The Canonical Nuclear Many-Body Problem as an Effective Theory


  Recently it was argued that it might be possible treat the conventional
nuclear structure problem -- nonrelativistic point nucleons interacting through
a static and rather singular potential -- as an effective theory in a
shell-model basis. In the first half of this talk we describe how such a
program can be carried out for the simplest nuclei, the deuteron and 3He,
exploiting a new numerical technique for solving the self-consistent
Bloch-Horowitz equation. Some of the properties of proper effective theories
are thus illustrated and contrasted with the shell model. In the second half of
the talk we use these examples to return to a problem that frustrated the field
three decades ago, the possibility of reducing the effective interactions
problem to perturbation theory. We show, by exploiting the Talmi integral
expansion, that hard-core potentials can be systematically softened by the
introduction of a series of contact operators familiar from effective field
theory. The coefficients of these operators can be run analytically by a
renormalization group method in a scheme-independent way, with the introduction
of suitable counterterms. Once these coefficients are run to the shell model
scale, we show that the renormalized coefficients contain all of the
information needed to evaluate perturbative insertions of the remaining soft
potential. The resulting perturbative expansion is shown to converge in lowest
order for the simplest nucleus, the deuteron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126241 </DOCNO>
X-ray outbursts from nearby `normal' and active galaxies. A review, new


  In the last few years, giant-amplitude, non-recurrent X-ray flares have been
observed from several non-active galaxies (NGC 5905, RXJ1242-11, RXJ1624+75,
RXJ1420+53, RXJ1331-32). All of them share similar properties, namely: extreme
X-ray softness in outburst, huge peak luminosity (up to ~10^{44} erg/s), and
the absence of optical signs of Seyfert activity. Tidal disruption of a star by
a supermassive black hole is the favored explanation of these unusual events.
  We present a review of the previous results, a search for radio emission from
all outbursters, based on the NVSS database, and dedicated radio observations
of NGC 5905 carried out with the VLA. These provide important constraints on
the presence of an (obscured) active nucleus (AGN) at the center of each
flaring galaxy. We rigorously explore AGN scenarios to account for the unusual
X-ray outbursts from the optically `normal' galaxies and find AGN-related
models highly unlikely. We conclude that the previously favored scenario -
tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole at the center of each
of the outbursters - provides the best explanation for the X-ray observations.
 Finally, we present results from our on-going search for further X-ray flares
from a sample of ~140 nearby active and non-active galaxies, using the ROSAT
data base. While we do not find another X-ray flaring normal galaxy among this
sample - entirely consistent with the predictions of the tidal disruption
scenario - several highly variable active galaxies are detected. Their
variability is not linked to tidal disruption, but best explained in terms of
absorption or accretion-disk-related models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74139 </DOCNO>
Rho meson form-factors in the null-plane phenomenology


  The constituent quark rho meson electromagnetic form-factors are calculated,
with covariant and null-plane approaches with the same model. The null-plane
formalism produces the breakdown of the rotational symmetry for the one-body
current operador, wich is investigated by comparing the numerical results in
both approaches. This allows to choose the appropriate null-plane prescriptio,
among the several ones, to evaluate the rho meson form-factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86870 </DOCNO>
Quintessential brane cosmology


  We study a class of braneworlds where the cosmological evolution arises as
the result of the movement of a three-brane in a five-dimensional static
dilatonic bulk, with and without reflection symmetry. The resulting
four-dimensional Friedmann equation includes a term which, for a certain range
of the parameters, effectively works as a quintessence component, producing an
acceleration of the universe at late times. Using current observations and
bounds derived from big-bang nucleosynthesis we estimate the parameters that
characterize the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98023 </DOCNO>
The Askey Scheme for Hypergeometric Orthogonal Polynomials Viewed from


  Many limits are known for hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials that occur in
the Askey scheme. We show how asymptotic representations can be derived by
using the generating functions of the polynomials. For example, we discuss the
asymptotic representation of the Meixner-Pollaczek, Jacobi, Meixner, and
Krawtchouk polynomials in terms of Laguerre polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7480 </DOCNO>
Spin scattering of a particle for periodic boundary conditions


  We have studied anomalous diffusion of a particle in a random medium in which
the passage of the particle may modify the state of the visited sites. The
simplicity of the dynamics allows analytic solution. Interesting propagation
and organization behaviors will be reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127982 </DOCNO>
The Mauna Kea Observatories Near-Infrared Filter Set. I: Defining


  A new MKO-NIR infrared filter set is described, including techniques and
considerations given to designing a new set of bandpasses that are useful at
both mid- and high-altitude sites. These filters offer improved photometric
linearity and in many cases reduced background, as well as preserve good
throughput within the JHKLM atmospheric windows. MKO-NIR filters have already
been deployed with a number of instruments around the world as part of a filter
consortium purchase to reduce the unit cost of filters. Through this effort we
hope to establish, for the first time, a single standard set of infrared
fitlers at as many observatories as possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6438 </DOCNO>
Superconducting energy gaps, low temperature specific heat, and


  We report first-principles calculations of the k- and T-dependent
superconducting gap Delta(k,T) in MgB2 and its manifestation in various
measured quantities. Because the Fermi surface has disconnected sheets with
different electron-phonon coupling strengths, our calculations show that near
T=0, the values of Delta(k) cluster into two groups: large values (about 6.5 to
7.5 meV) on the strongly coupled sheets and small values (about 1 to 3 meV) on
the weakly coupled sheets. The calculated gap, quasiparticle density of states,
and specific heat and their temperature dependences are in agreement with the
recent measurements which conclude that MgB2 is a multiple gap superconductor.
In fact, theory predicts four prominent values for the gap at low T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168687 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics: Structures, Axioms and Paradoxes


  We present an analysis of quantum mechanics and its problems and paradoxes
taking into account the results that have been obtained during the last two
decades by investigations in the field of `quantum structures research'. We
concentrate mostly on the results of our group FUND at Brussels Free
University. By means of a spin 1/2 model where the quantum probability is
generated by the presence of fluctuations on the interactions between measuring
apparatus and physical system, we show that the quantum structure can find its
origin in the presence of these fluctuations. This appraoch, that we have
called the 'hidden measurement approach', makes it possible to construct
systems that are in between quantum and classical. We show that two of the
traditional axioms of quantum axiomatics are not satisfied for these 'in
between quantum and classical' situations, and how this structural shortcoming
of standard quantum mechanics is at the origin of most of the quantum
paradoxes. We show that in this approach the EPR paradox identifies a genuine
incompleteness of standard quantum mechanics, however not an incompleteness
that means the lacking of hidden variables, but an incompleteness pointing at
the impossibility for standard quantum mechanics to describe separated quantum
systems. We indicate in which way, by redefining the meaning of density states,
standard quantum mechanics can be completed. We put forward in which way the
axiomatic approach to quantum mechanics can be compared to the traditional
axiomatic approach to relativity theory, and how this might lead to studying
another road to unification of both theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125229 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Deformation of Atoms in the Crust of Magnetars


  Some special features of magnetically deformed multi-electron atoms in the
crustal region of strongly magnetized neutron stars (magnetars) are studied
with the relativistic version of semi-classical Thomas-Fermi model. An
analytical solution of Poisson's equation with cylindrical symmetry is
obtained. The variation of atomic dimension with magnetic field strength is
also studied. An expression for atomic quadrupole moment, appears because of
magnetic deformation is derived. The effect of atomic quadrupole-quadrupole
interaction in the equation of state of crustal matter of magnetar is briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127368 </DOCNO>
Dense cores in the L1630 molecular cloud: discovering new protostars


  Maps of the 450 micron and 850 micron dust continuum emission from three
star-forming condensations within the Lynds 1630 molecular cloud, made with the
SCUBA bolometer array, reveal the presence of four new submillimetre sources,
each of a few solar masses, two of which are probably Class I, two Class 0, as
well as several sources whose existence was previously known. The sources are
located in filaments and appear elongated when observed at 450 microns. They
likely have dust temperatures in the range 10 to 20 K, in good agreement with
previous ammonia temperature estimates. Attempts to fit their structures with
power-law and Gaussian density distributions suggest that the central
distribution is flatter than expected for a simple singular isothermal sphere.
  Although the statistics are poor, our results suggest that the ratio of
`protostellar core' mass to total virial mass may be similar for both large and
small condensations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128004 </DOCNO>
Astrometric radial velocities III. Hipparcos measurements of nearby star


  Radial motions of stars in nearby moving clusters are determined from
accurate proper motions and trigonometric parallaxes, without any use of
spectroscopy. Assuming that cluster members share the same velocity vector
(apart from a random dispersion), we apply a maximum-likelihood method on
astrometric data from Hipparcos to compute radial and space velocities (and
their dispersions) in the Ursa Major, Hyades, Coma Berenices, Pleiades, and
Praesepe clusters, and for the alpha Persei, Scorpius-Centaurus, and `HIP
98321' associations. The radial motion of the Hyades cluster is determined to
within 0.47 km/s (standard error), and that of its individual stars to within
0.6 km/s. For other clusters, Hipparcos data yield astrometric radial
velocities with typical accuracies of a few km/s. A comparison of these
astrometric values with spectroscopic radial velocities in the literature shows
a good general agreement and, in the case of the best-determined Hyades
cluster, also permits searches for subtle astrophysical differences, such as
evidence for enhanced convective blueshifts of F-dwarf spectra, and decreased
gravitational redshifts in giants. Similar comparisons for the Scorpius OB2
complex indicate some expansion of its associations, albeit slower than
expected from their ages. As a by-product from the radial-velocity solutions,
kinematically improved parallaxes for individual stars are obtained, enabling
Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams with unprecedented accuracy in luminosity. For the
Hyades (parallax accuracy 0.3 mas), its main sequence resembles a thin line,
possibly with wiggles in it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125828 </DOCNO>
The Influence of Stellar Wind Variability on Measurements of


  A primary goal of the FUSE mission is to understand the origin of the O VI
ion in the interstellar medium of the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. Along
sightlines to OB-type stars, these interstellar components are usually blended
with O VI stellar wind profiles, which frequently vary in shape. In order to
assess the effects of this time-dependent blending on measurements of the
interstellar O VI lines, we have undertaken a mini-survey of repeated
observations toward OB-type stars in the Galaxy and the Large Magellanic Cloud.
These sparse time series, which consist of 2-3 observations separated by
intervals ranging from a few days to several months, show that wind variability
occurs commonly in O VI (about 60% of a sample of 50 stars), as indeed it does
in other resonance lines. However, in the interstellar O VI $\lambda$1032
region, the O VI $\lambda$1038 wind varies only in $\sim$30% of the cases. By
examining cases exhibiting large amplitude variations, we conclude that
stellar-wind variability {\em generally} introduces negligible uncertainty for
single interstellar O VI components along Galactic lines of sight, but can
result in substantial errors in measurements of broader components or blends of
components like those typically observed toward stars in the Large Magellanic
Cloud. Due to possible contamination by discrete absorption components in the
stellar O VI line, stars with terminal velocities greater than or equal to the
doublet separation (1654 km/s) should be treated with care.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98253 </DOCNO>
The Connes-Kasparov conjecture for almost connected groups


  Let $G$ be a locally compact group with cocompact connected component. We
prove that the assembly map from the topological $\k$-theory of $G$ to the
$\k$-theory of the reduced $C^*$-algebra of $G$ is an isomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123899 </DOCNO>
The optical afterglow and host galaxy of GRB000926


  We present the discovery of the Optical Transient (OT) of the long-duration
gamma-ray burst GRB000926. The optical transient was detected independently
with the Nordic Optical Telescope and at Calar Alto 22.2 hours after the burst.
At this time the magnitude of the transient was R = 19.36. The transient faded
with a decay slope of about 1.7 during the first two days after which the slope
increased abruptly (within a few hours) to about 2.4. The light-curve started
to flatten off after about a week indicating the presence of an underlying
extended object. This object was detected in a deep image obtained one month
after the GRB at R=23.87+-0.15 and consists of several compact knots within
about 5 arcsec. One of the knots is spatially coincident with the position of
the OT and hence most likely belongs to the host galaxy. Higher resolution
imaging is needed to resolve whether all the compact knots belong to the host
galaxy or to several independent objects. In a separate paper we present a
discussion of the optical spectrum of the OT, and its inferred redshift (Moller
et al. in prep.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114356 </DOCNO>
Status and Controls Requirements of the Planned Heavy Ion Tumor Therapy


  The HICAT project is a Heavy Ion accelerator for light ion Cancer Treatment
to be built for the clinics in Heidelberg, Germany. It consists of a 7 MeV/u
linac, a compact synchrotron and three treatment places, one of them equipped
with a 360 degree gantry beam-line. The facility will implement the intensity
controlled raster-scanning technique that was developed and successfully
demonstrated at GSI with over 100 patients at present. In order to produce the
beams with the characteristics requested by the treatment sequencer, the
accelerator must operate on a pulse-to-pulse basis with different settings.
This concept imposes strict and challenging demands on the operation of the
accelerators and hence the control system of the facility. The control system
should be developed, installed and maintained by and under the complete
responsibility of an industrial system provider, using a state-of-the-art
system and wide-spread industrial components wherever possible. The
presentation covers the status of the project and the requirements on the
control system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179179 </DOCNO>
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculation of charge radii of Sn, Ba, Yb, and


  Charge radii of Sn, Ba, Yb, and Pb isotopes are calculated within
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with a Skyrme force and a density-dependent
delta-force pairing. We investigate mean field effects of the pairing upon
odd-even staggering of isotope shifts. HFB equations are solved in the
canonical basis. Odd nuclei are treated in the blocking approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149729 </DOCNO>
Gauge Field on Brane in M-atrix Theory


  In this ultra short note, gauge field propagation in D-brane configuration of
M theory in the BFSS matrix formulation is considered. Noncommutativity of the
space plays a key role for appearance of gauge fields as physical degrees of
freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149290 </DOCNO>
Confining Membranes and Dimensional Reduction


  The dual theory describing the 4D Coulomb gas of point-like magnetically
charged objects, which confines closed electric strings, is considered. The
respective generalization of the theory of confining strings to confining
membranes is further constructed. The same is done for the analogous
SU(3)-inspired model. We then consider a combined model which confines both
electric charges and closed strings. Such a model is nothing, but the mixture
of the above-mentioned Coulomb gas with the condensate of the dual Higgs field,
described by the dual Abelian Higgs model. It is demonstrated that in a certain
limit of this dual Abelian Higgs model, the system under study undergoes
naively the dimensional reduction and becomes described by the (completely
integrable) 2D sine-Gordon theory. In particular, owing to this fact, the phase
transition in such a model must be of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type,
and the respective critical temperature is expressed in terms of the parameters
of the dual Abelian Higgs model. However, it is finally discussed that the
dimensional reduction is rigorously valid only in the strong coupling limit of
the original 4D Coulomb gas. In such a limit, this reduction transforms the
combined model to the 2D free bosonic theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 757 </DOCNO>
Long-Tail Feature of DNA Words Over- and Under-Representation in Coding


  We have analyzed DNA sequences of known genes from 16 yeast chromosomes
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in terms of oligonucleotides. We have noticed that
the relative abundances of oligonucleotide usage in the genome follow a
long-tail Levy-like distribution. We have observed that long genes often use
strongly over-represented and under-represented nucleotides, whereas it was not
the case for the short genes (shorter than 300 nucleotides) under
consideration. If selection on the extremely over-represented/under-represented
oligonucleotides was strong, long genes would be more affected by spontaneous
mutations than short ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1852 </DOCNO>
Why do Thin Polymer Films Melt at Lower Temperature? A Continuum


  We have investigated the reduction of the glass transition temperature,
$T_g$, for thin supported films of particularly small molecular weight ($M_W$ =
2 kg/mol) polystyrene, and found good agreement with earlier studies on larger
molecules. By combining the eigenmodes of the films with mode coupling theory,
we arrive at a simple and predictive model which is in quantitative agreement
with the data. Its only fitting parameter is the shear modulus governing the
relevant fluctuations. The weak dependence of the latter upon the molecular
weight of the polymer is in accordance with the general observation that the
reduction of $T_g$ is largely independent of chain length at sufficiently low
molecular weight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74390 </DOCNO>
SUSY Phases, the Electron Electric Dipole Moment and the Muon Magnetic


  The electron electric dipole moment (d_e) and the muon magnetic moment
anomaly (a_{\mu}) recently observed at BNL are analyzed within the framework of
SUGRA models with CP violating phases at the GUT scale. It is seen analytically
that even if d_e were zero, there can be a large Bino mass phase (ranging from
0 to 2 \pi) with a corresponding large B soft breaking mass phase (of size ~<
0.5 with sign fixed by the experimental sign of a_{\mu}). The dependence of the
B phase on the other SUSY parameters, gaugino mass m_{1/2}, \tan \beta, A_0, is
examined. The lower bound of a_{\mu} determines the upper bound of m_{1/2}. It
is shown analytically how the existence of a non-zero Bino phase reduces this
upper bound (which would correspondingly lower the SUSY mass spectra). The
experimental upper bound on d_e determines the range of allowed phases, and the
question of whether the current bound on d_e requires any fine tuning is
investigated. At the electroweak scale, the phases have to be specified to
within a few percent. At the GUT scale, however, the B phase requires fine
tuning below the 1% level over parts of the parameter space for low m_{1/2},
and if the current experimental bound on d_e were reduced by only a factor of
3-4, fine tuning below 1% would occur at both the electroweak and GUT scale
over large regions of the parameter space. All accelerator constraints (m_h >
114 GeV, b -> s \gamma, etc.) and relic density constraints with all
stau-neutralino co-annihilation processes are included in the analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95428 </DOCNO>
On the topology and analysis of a closed one form. I (Novikov's theory


  We consider systems $(M,\omega,g)$ with $M$ a closed smooth manifold,
$\omega$ a real valued closed one form and $g$ a Riemannian metric, so that
$(\omega,g)$ is a Morse-Smale pair, Definition~2. We introduce a numerical
invariant $\rho(\omega,g)\in[0,\infty]$ and improve Morse-Novikov theory by
showing that the Novikov complex comes from a cochain complex of free modules
over a subring $\Lambda'_{[\omega],\rho}$ of the Novikov ring
$\Lambda_{[\omega]}$ which admits surjective ring homomorphisms
$\ev_s:\Lambda'_{[\omega],\rho}\to\C$ for any complex number $s$ whose real
part is larger than $\rho$. We extend Witten-Helffer-Sj\"ostrand results from a
pair $(h,g)$ where $h$ is a Morse function to a pair $(\omega,g)$ where
$\omega$ is a Morse one form. As a consequence we show that if $\rho<\infty$
the Novikov complex can be entirely recovered from the spectral geometry of
$(M,\omega,g)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98763 </DOCNO>
Random matrix ensembles associated to compact symmetric spaces


  We introduce random matrix ensembles that correspond to the infinite families
of irreducible Riemannian symmetric spaces of type I. In particular, we recover
the Circular Orthogonal and Symplectic Ensembles of Dyson, and find other
families of (unitary, orthogonal and symplectic) ensembles of Jacobi type. We
discuss the universal and weakly universal features of the global and local
correlations of the levels in the bulk and at the hard edge of the spectrum
(i.e., at the "central points" +/-1 on the unit circle). Previously known
results are extended, and we find new simple formulas for the Bessel Kernels
that describe the local correlations around a central point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97347 </DOCNO>
Finite type invariants of cyclic branched covers


  Given a knot in an integer homology sphere, one can construct a family of
closed 3-manifolds (parametrized by the positive integers), namely the cyclic
branched coverings of the knot. In this paper we give a formula for the the
Casson-Walker invariants of these 3-manifolds in terms of residues of a
rational function (which measures the 2-loop part of the Kontsevich integral of
a knot) and the signature function of the knot. Our main result actually
computes the LMO invariant of cyclic branched covers in terms of a rational
invariant of the knot and its signature function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73816 </DOCNO>
Higgs Mass in the Standard Model from Coupling Constant Reduction


  Plausible interrelations between parameters of the standard model are
studied. The empirical value of the top quark mass, when used in the
renormalization group equations, suggests that the ratio of the colour SU(3)
gauge coupling $g_3$, and the top coupling $g_t$ is independent of the
renormalization scale. On the other hand, variety of top-condensate models
suggest that the Higgs self-coupling $\lambda$ is proportional to $g_t^2$.
Invoking the requirement that the ratio $\lambda(t)/g_t^2(t)$ is independent of
the renormalization scale $t$, fixes the Higgs mass. The pole mass of the Higgs
[which differs from the renormalization group mass by a few percent] is found
to be $\sim 154$ GeV for the one-loop equations and $\sim 148$ GeV for the
two-loop equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128078 </DOCNO>
Bending Instability of an Accretion Disc Around a Black Hole


  We demonstrate that generically an accretion disk around a compact object
could have a new type of instability in that the accretion flow need not be
symmetric with respect to the equatorial plane even when matter is supplied
symmetrically farther out. We find that this behaviour is mainly due to
interaction of outgoing matter bounced off the centrifugal barrier and the
incoming accretion. We believe that X-ray variability could be developed by
this instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126533 </DOCNO>
Non-Equilibrium Ionization States of GRB Environments


  Iron spectral features are thought to be the best tracer of a progenitor of
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The detections of spectral features such as an iron
line and/or a Radiative Recombination edge and Continuum (RRC) were reported in
four X-ray afterglows of GRBs. However their properties were different each
other burst by burst. For example, Chandra observation of GRB 991216 reported
both the strong H-like iron line together with its RRC. On the contrary,
Yoshida et al. (2001) report only a detection of the strong RRC in GRB 970828
with ASCA. Since it is difficult to produce the strong RRC, we have to consider
special condition for the line and/or the RRC forming region. In this paper, we
point out a possibility of a ``non-equilibrium ionization state'' for the line
and the RRC forming region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126555 </DOCNO>
Mueller Matrix Parameters for Radio Telescopes and their Observational


  Modern digital crosscorrelators permit the simultaneous measurement of all
four Stokes parameters. However, the results must be calibrated to correct for
the polarization transfer function of the receiving system. The transfer
function for any device can be expressed by its Mueller matrix. We express the
matrix elements in terms of fundamental system parameters that describe the
voltage transfer functions (known as the Jones matrix) of the various system
devices in physical terms and thus provide a means for comparing with
engineering calculations and investigating the effects of design changes. We
describe how to determine these parameters with astronomical observations. We
illustrate the method by applying it to some of the receivers at the Arecibo
Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97129 </DOCNO>
Simplicity of ultragraph algebras


  In this paper we analyze the structure of C*-algebras associated to
ultragraphs, which are generalizations of directed graphs. We characterize the
simple ultragraph algebras as well as deduce necessary and sufficient
conditions for an ultragraph algebra to be purely infinite and to be AF. Using
these techniques we also produce an example of an ultragraph algebra which is
neither a graph algebra nor an Exel-Laca algebra. We conclude by proving that
the C*-algebras of ultragraphs with no sinks are Cuntz-Pimsner algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74123 </DOCNO>
Study of $\gamma\pi \to \pi\pi$ below 1 GeV using Integral Equation


  The scattering of $\gamma \pi \to \pi \pi$ is studied using the axial
anomaly, elastic unitarity, analyticity and crossing symmetry. Using the
technique to derive the Roy's equation, an integral equation for the P-wave
amplitude is obtained in terms of the strong P-wave pion pion phase shifts. Its
solution is obtained numerically by an iteration procedure using the starting
point as the solution of the integral equation of the Muskelshsvilli-Omnes
type. It is, however, ambiguous and depends sensitively on the second
derivative of the P-wave amplitude at $s=m_\pi^2$ which cannot directly be
measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76027 </DOCNO>
Parametrization of the Energy Spectrum in the Tritium Beta Decay


  Taking into account mixings among neutrino states, the end of the energy
spectrum of the electron in the tritium beta decay is investigated. It is shown
that for real energy resolutions of a spectrometer, $ \Delta E > 0.08$ eV, the
effective electron neutrino mass should [not] be taken in the form
m_{\beta}^{(1)}=\sqrt{\sum|U_{ei}|^2 m_i^2} [m_{\beta}^{(2)}=\sum|U_{ei}|^2
m_i.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73425 </DOCNO>
Impact of Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment on Supersymmetric Models


  The recent measurement of a_\mu =\frac{g_\mu -2}{2} by the E821 Collaboration
at Brookhaven deviates from the quoted Standard Model (SM) central value
prediction by 2.6\sigma. The difference between SM theory and experiment may be
easily accounted for in a variety of particle physics models employing weak
scale supersymmetry (SUSY). Other supersymmetric models are distinctly
disfavored. We evaluate a_\mu for various supersymmetric models, including
minimal supergravity (mSUGRA), Yukawa unified SO(10) SUSY GUTs, models with
inverted mass hierarchies (IMH), models with non-universal gaugino masses,
gauge mediated SUSY breaking models (GMSB), anomaly-mediated SUSY breaking
models (AMSB) and models with gaugino mediated SUSY breaking (inoMSB). Models
with Yukawa coupling unification or multi-TeV first and second generation
scalars are disfavored by the a_\mu measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40737 </DOCNO>
Light Higgs Production at a Photon Collider


  We present a preliminary study of the production of a light Higgs boson with
a mass between 120 and 160 GeV in photon-photon collisions at a Compton
collider. The event generator for the backgrounds to a Higgs signal due to
bbbar and ccbar heavy quark pair production in polarized Gamma-Gamma collisions
is based on a complete next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD
calculation. For J_z=0 the large double-logarithmic corrections up to four
loops are also included. It is shown that the two-photon width of the Higgs
boson can be measured with high statistical accuracy of about 2-10% for
integrated Gamma-Gamma luminosity in the hard part of the spectrum of 43 fb-1.
  From this result the total Higgs boson width can be derived in a model
independent way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113448 </DOCNO>
Superluminal motions? A bird-eye view of the experimental situation


  In this article (after some brief theoretical considerations) a bird-eye view
is presented -with the help of nine figures- of the various experimental
sectors of physics in which Superluminal motions seem to appear. In particular,
a panorama is presented of the experiments with evanescent waves and/or
tunnelling photons, and with the "localized Superluminal solutions" to the
Maxwell equations (e.g., with the so-called X-shaped ones). The present paper
is sketchy, but is followed by a large enough bibliography to allow the
interested reader deepening the preferred topic. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129729 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in Violent and Normal Evolutionary Phases


  Mergers of massive gas-rich galaxies trigger violent starbursts that - over
timescales of $> 100$ Myr and regions $> 10$ kpc - form massive and compact
star clusters comparable in mass and radii to Galactic globular clusters. The
star formation efficiency is higher by 1 - 2 orders of magnitude in these
bursts than in undisturbed spirals, irregulars or even BCDs. We ask the
question if star formation in these extreme regimes is just a scaled-up version
of the normal star formation mode of if the formation of globular clusters
reveals fundamentally different conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3820 </DOCNO>
Spin polarization and g-factor of a dilute GaAs two-dimensional electron


  The effective g-factor ($g^{*}$) of a dilute interacting two-dimensional
electron system is expected to increase with respect to its bare value as the
density is lowered, and to eventually diverge as the system makes a transition
to a ferromagnetic state. We report here measurements of $g^{*}$ in dilute
(density 0.8 to 4.7 $\times10^{10}$cm$^{-2}$), high-mobility GaAs
two-dimensional electrons from their spin polarization in a parallel magnetic
field. The data reveal a surprising trend. While $g^{*}$ is indeed
significantly enhanced with respect to the band g-factor of GaAs, the
enhancement factor {\it decreases} from about 6 to 3 as the density is reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149123 </DOCNO>
Decreasing "circumference" for increasing "radius" in axially symmetric


  Apart from the flat space with an angular deficit, Einstein general
relativity possesses another cylindrically symmetric solution. Because this
configuration displays circles whose "circumferences" tend to zero when their
"radius" go to infinity, it has not received much attention in the past. We
propose a geometric interpretation of this feature and find that it implies
field boundary conditions different from the ones found in the literature if
one considers a source consisting of the scalar and the vector fields of a U(1)
system . To obtain a non increasing energy density the gauge symmetry must be
unbroken . For the Higgs potential this is achieved only with a vanishing
vacuum expectation value but then the solution has a null scalar field. A non
trivial scalar behaviour is exhibited for a potential of sixth order. The
trajectories of test particles in this geometry are studied, its causal
structure discussed. We find that this bosonic background can support a
normalizable fermionic condensate but not such a current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113370 </DOCNO>
Remarks on perturbation theory for Hamiltonian systems


  A comparative discussion of the normal form and action angle variable method
is presented in a tutorial way. Normal forms are introduced by Lie series which
avoid mixed variable canonical transformations. The main interest is focused on
establishing a third integral of motion for the transformed Hamiltonian
truncated at finite order of the perturbation parameter. In particular, for the
case of the action angle variable scheme, the proper canonical transformations
are worked out which reveal the third integral in consistency with the normal
form. Details are discussed exemplarily for the Henon-Heiles Hamiltonian. The
main conclusions are generalized to the case of n perturbed harmonic
oscillators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72406 </DOCNO>
An Inclusive Cross Section for the Nucleus - Nucleus Interaction at RHIC


  We discuss the saturation of the parton density in heavy ion collisions at
RHIC energiesusing a Pomeron approach. Our predictions for the particle density
in ion-ion collisions at RHIC energies can be utilized as the background for
the observation of possible quark-gluon plasma production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4287 </DOCNO>
Replica symmetric evaluation of the information transfer in a two-layer


  In a previous report we have evaluated analytically the mutual information
between the firing rates of N independent units and a set of multi-dimensional
continuous+discrete stimuli, for a finite population size and in the limit of
large noise. Here, we extend the analysis to the case of two interconnected
populations, where input units activate output ones via gaussian weights and a
threshold linear transfer function. We evaluate the information carried by a
population of M output units, again about continuous+discrete correlates. The
mutual information is evaluated solving saddle point equations under the
assumption of replica symmetry, a method which, by taking into account only the
term linear in N of the input information, is equivalent to assuming the noise
to be large. Within this limitation, we analyze the dependence of the
information on the ratio M/N, on the selectivity of the input units and on the
level of the output noise. We show analytically, and confirm numerically, that
in the limit of a linear transfer function and of a small ratio between output
and input noise, the output information approaches asymptotically the
information carried in input. Finally, we show that the information loss in
output does not depend much on the structure of the stimulus, whether purely
continuous, purely discrete or mixed, but only on the position of the threshold
nonlinearity, and on the ratio between input and output noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97423 </DOCNO>
Approximating L2-invariants, and the Atiyah conjecture


  Let G be a torsion free discrete group and let \overline{Q} denote the field
of algebraic numbers in C. We prove that \overline{Q}[G] fulfills the Atiyah
conjecture if G lies in a certain class of groups D, which contains in
particular all groups which are residually torsion free elementary amenable or
which are residually free. This result implies that there are no non-trivial
zero-divisors in C[G]. The statement relies on new approximation results for
L2-Betti numbers over \overline{Q}[G], which are the core of the work done in
this paper.
  Another set of results in the paper is concerned with certain number
theoretic properties of eigenvalues for the combinatorial Laplacian on
L2-cochains on any normal covering space of a finite CW complex.
  We establish the absence of eigenvalues that are transcendental numbers,
whenever the covering transformation group is either amenable or in the Linnell
class \mathcal{C}. We also establish the absence of eigenvalues that are
Liouville transcendental numbers whenever the covering transformation group is
either residually finite or more generally in a certain large bootstrap class
\mathcal{G}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98139 </DOCNO>
Determination of Conductors from Galois Module Structure


  Let F denote an unramified extension of the cyclotomic extension of Q_p by
(p^n)th roots of unity, for an odd prime p. We determine the conductors of
those Kummer extensions of F of degree dividing p^n which are Galois over the
maximal unramified subfield of F. This follows from a comparison of the Galois
module structure of the multiplicative group of F with the unit filtration of
F.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98152 </DOCNO>
On periodic homeomorphisms of spheres


  The purpose of this paper is to study how small orbits of periodic
homemorphisms of spheres can be.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1463 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics of layers with a finite number of point perturbations


  We study spectral and scattering properties of a spinless quantum particle
confined to an infinite planar layer with hard walls containing a finite number
of point perturbations. A solvable character of the model follows from the
explicit form of the Hamiltonian resolvent obtained by means of Krein's
formula. We prove the existence of bound states, demonstrate their properties,
and find the on-shell scattering operator. Furthermore, we analyze the
situation when the system is put into a homogeneous magnetic field
perpendicular to the layer; in that case the point interactions generate
eigenvalues of a finite multiplicity in the gaps of the free Hamiltonian
essential spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97322 </DOCNO>
Results on infinite dimensional topology and applications to the


  We consider the nonlinear Sturm-Liouville differential operator $F(u) = -u''
+ f(u)$ for $u \in H^2_D([0, \pi])$, a Sobolev space of functions satisfying
Dirichlet boundary conditions. For a generic nonlinearity $f: \RR \to \RR$ we
show that there is a diffeomorphism in the domain of $F$ converting the
critical set $C$ of $F$ into a union of isolated parallel hyperplanes. For the
proof, we show that the homotopy groups of connected components of $C$ are
trivial and prove results which permit to replace homotopy equivalences of
systems of infinite dimensional Hilbert manifolds by diffeomorphisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114511 </DOCNO>
A Study of the Energy Efficiency of Hadronic Reactors of Molecular Type


  In this paper, we introduce an estimate of the "commercial efficiency" of
Santilli's hadronic reactors of molecular type (Patented and International
Patents Pending) which convert a liquid feedstock (such as automotive
antifreeze and oil waste, city or farm liquid waste, crude oil, etc.) into the
clean burning magnegas plus heat acquired by the liquid feedstock. The
"commercial efficiency" is defined as the ratio between the total energy output
(energy in magnegas plus heat) and the electric energy used for its production,
while the "scientific efficiency" is the usual ratio between the total energy
output and the total energy input (the sum of the electric energy plus the
energy in the liquid feedstock as well as that in the carbon electrodes). A
primary purpose of this paper is to show that conventional thermochemistry does
indeed predict a commercial efficiency bigger than one, although their values
is considerably smaller than the actual efficiency measured in the reactors,
thus indicating the applicability of the covering hadronic chemistry from which
the reactors have received their name. We reach an upper limit of the
commercial efficiency of 3.11 for the use of pure water as feedstock, and of
3.11 to 7.5 for a mixture of ethyleneglicole and water. The study of the heat
produced by the reactions leads to large divergencies between the
thermochemical predictions and experimental data of at least a factor of three.
Such divergencies can only be explained with deviations from quantum chemistry
in favor of the covering hadronic chemistry. In particular, the indicated large
divergencies can only be explained with the assumption that the produced
combustible gas has the new non-valence chemical structure of Santilli
magnecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174750 </DOCNO>
Pion Interferometry of $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$ GeV Au+Au Collisions at


  Two-pion correlation functions in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$
GeV have been measured by the STAR (Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC) detector. The
source size extracted by fitting the correlations grows with event multiplicity
and decreases with transverse momentum. Anomalously large sizes or emission
durations, which have been suggested as signals of quark-gluon plasma formation
and rehadronization, are not observed. The HBT parameters display a weak energy
dependence over a broad range in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40684 </DOCNO>
Tests of the Standard Model Using Muon Polarization Asymmetries in Kaon


  We have examined the physics and the experimental feasibility of studying
various kaon decay processes in which the polarization of a muon in the final
state is measured. Valuable information on CP violation, the quark mixing (CKM)
matrix, and new physics can be obtained from such measurements. We have
considered muon polarization in K_L to mu+ mu- and K to pi mu+ mu- decays.
Although the effects are small, or difficult to measure because of the small
branching ratios involved, these studies could provide clean measurements of
the CKM parameters. The experimental difficulty appears comparable to the
observation of K to pi nu barnu. New sources of physics, involving non-standard
CP violation, could produce effects observable in these measurements. Limits
from new results on the neutron and electron electric dipole moment, and
epsilon-prime over epsilon in neutral kaon decays, do not eliminate certain
models that could contribute to the signal. A detailed examination of muon
polarization out of the decay plane in KMU3 and radiative KMU2 decays also
appears to be of interest. With current kaon beams and detector techniques, it
is possible to measure the T-violating polarization for KMU3 with uncertainties
approaching 0.0001. This level of sensitivity would provide an interesting
probe of new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114533 </DOCNO>
The $\alpha$-dependence of transition frequencies for ions Si II, Cr II,


  We performed accurate calculation of $\alpha$-dependence ($\alpha=e^2/hc$) of
the transition frequencies for ions, which are used in a search for the
variation of the fine structure constant $\alpha$ in space-time. We use
Dirac-Hartree-Fock method as a zero approximation and then the many-body
perturbation theory and configuration interaction methods to improve the
results. An important problem of level pseudocrossing (as functions of
$\alpha$) is considered. Near the crossing point the derivative of frequencies
over $\alpha$ varies strongly (including change of the sign). This makes it
very sensitive to the position of the crossing point. We proposed a
semiempirical solution of the problem which allows to obtain accurate results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75781 </DOCNO>
Symplectic vs pseudo-orthogonal structure of space-time


  The advantages to consider the ordinary space-time as the symplectic rather
than pseudo-orthogonal one are indicated, and the consequences of extending
this view to extra space/time dimensions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125154 </DOCNO>
Modeling the spectral energy distribution of galaxies. II. Disk opacity


  Using tools previously described and applied to the prototype galaxy NGC 891,
we model the optical to far-infrared spectral energy distributions (SED) of
four additional edge-on spiral galaxies, namely NGC 5907, NGC 4013, UGC 1082
and UGC 2048. Comparing the model predictions with IRAS and, where available,
sub-millimeter and millimeter observations, we determine the respective roles
of the old and young stellar populations in grain heating. In all cases, the
young population dominates, with the contribution of the old stellar population
being at most 40%, as previously found for NGC 891. After normalization to the
disk area, the massive star-formation rate (SFR) derived using our SED modeling
technique, which is primarily sensitive to the non-ionizing ultraviolet output
from the young stellar population, lies in the range 7e-4 - 2e-2 M_sun * yr^-1
* kpc^-2. This is consistent with normalized SFRs derived for face-on galaxies
of comparable surface gas densities from H_alpha observations. Though the most
active star-forming galaxy of the five in absolute terms, NGC 891 is not an
exceptional system in terms of its surface density in SFR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129249 </DOCNO>
The 1998 outburst of the X-ray transient XTE J2012+381 as observed with


  We report on the results of a series of X-ray observations of the transient
black hole candidate XTE J2012+381 during the 1998 outburst performed with the
BeppoSAX satellite. The observed broad-band energy spectrum can be described
with the superposition of an absorbed disk black body, an iron line plus a high
energy component, modelled with either a power law or a Comptonisation tail.
The source showed pronounced spectral variability between our five
observations. While the soft component in the spectrum remained almost
unchanged throughout our campaign, we detected a hard spectral tail which
extended to 200 keV in the first two observations, but became barely detectable
up to 50 keV in the following two. A further re-hardening is observed in the
final observation. The transition from a hard to a soft and then back to a hard
state occurred around an unabsorbed 0.1-200 keV luminosity of 10^38 erg/s (at
10 kpc). This indicates that state transitions in XTE 2012+281 are probably not
driven only by mass accretion rate, but additional physical parameters must
play a role in the evolution of the outburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126191 </DOCNO>
Rejection of the C7- Diffuse Interstellar Band Hypothesis


  Using the new high resolution (~ 8 km/s) echelle spectrograph on the 3.5-m
telescope at the Apache Point Observatory, we have begun a high sensitivity
survey of the diffuse interstellar bands in a large sample of reddened stars.
Now that we are two years into this long-term survey, our sample includes over
20 reddened stars which show at least one of the DIBs that had been suggested
to be caused by C7-, based on the gas phase measurement of the C7- spectrum by
J. P. Maier's group.
  The high quality astronomical data from this larger sample of stars, along
with the spectroscopic constants from the new laboratory work recently reported
by Maier's group, have enabled us to examine more carefully the agreement
between C7- and the DIBs. We find that none of the C7- bands matches the DIBs
in wavelength or expected profile. One of the DIBs (lambda5748) attributed to
C7- is actually a stellar line. The two strongest DIBs attributed to C7-
(lambda 6270 and lambda4964) do not vary together in strength, indicating that
they do not share the same carrier.
  On the whole, we find no evidence supporting the hypothesis that C7- is a
carrier of the diffuse interstellar bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76632 </DOCNO>
Correlation functions and dissipation in hot QCD


  A recently proposed generating functional allows the construction of the full
set of n-point Green functions in QCD at high temperature and at distances
larger than 1/gT. One may then learn how the system maintains its thermal
equilibrium in the quantum field theory approach, i.e. which process
compensates for the important dissipation due to collisions. This system may be
characterized by quantities which have a classical limit. One finds that the
fluctuations of the coloured field are not gaussian ones. A comparison is made
with the semi-classical approach where a random noise is the source of
fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97741 </DOCNO>
Cuspidal local systems and graded Hecke algebras,III


  We prove a strong induction theorem for graded Hecke algebras and we classify
the tempered and square integrable representations of such algebras using
methods of equivariant homology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76502 </DOCNO>
Renormalizing a BRST-invariant composite operator of mass dimension 2 in


  We discuss the renormalization of a BRST and anti-BRST invariant composite
operator of mass dimension 2 in Yang-Mills theory with the general BRST and
anti-BRST invariant gauge fixing term of the Lorentz type. The interest of this
study stems from a recent claim that the non-vanishing vacuum condensate of the
composite operator in question can be an origin of mass gap and quark
confinement in any manifestly covariant gauge, as proposed by one of the
authors. First, we obtain the renormalization group flow of the Yang-Mills
theory. Next, we show the multiplicative renormalizability of the composite
operator and that the BRST and anti-BRST invariance of the bare composite
operator is preserved under the renormalization. Third, we perform the operator
product expansion of the gluon and ghost propagators and obtain the Wilson
coefficient corresponding to the vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2.
Finally, we discuss the connection of this work with the previous works and
argue the physical implications of the obtained results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72471 </DOCNO>
Compton scattering from the proton at NLO in the chiral expansion


  We present calculations of differential cross sections for Compton scattering
from the proton, using amplitudes calculated to fourth order in heavy baryon
chiral perturbation theory. We compare with available data up to 200 MeV. We
find that the agreement for angles up to 90 degrees is very good over the whole
energy range, but that at more backward angles the agreement decreases above
about 100 MeV, and fails completely above the photoproduction threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2599 </DOCNO>
Te covered Si(001): a variable surface reconstruction


  At a given temperature, clean and adatom covered silicon surfaces usually
exhibit well-defined reconstruction patterns. Our finite temperature ab-initio
molecular dynamics calculations show that the tellurium covered Si(001) surface
is an exception. Soft longitudinal modes of surface phonons due to the strongly
anharmonic potential of the bridged tellurium atoms prevent the reconstruction
structure from attaining any permanent, two dimensional periodic geometry. This
explains why experiments attempting to find a definite model for the
reconstruction have reached conflicting conclusions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7385 </DOCNO>
Oxygen Isotope Effect of the Plane-Copper NQR Frequency in YBa_2Cu_4O_8


  We report on high-precision measurements of the temperature dependence of the
plane-^63Cu NQR line frequency nu_Q(Cu2) and the linewidth in normal and
superconducting ^16O and ^18O exchanged YBa_2Cu_4O_8. Whereas nu_Q(Cu2) passes
T_c very smoothly without a discontinuity either in value nor in slope, the
linewidth increases in the normal conducting phase down to T_c and starts to
decrease sharply in the superconducting phase to finally resume its
high-temperature value of the normal phase. There is a well discernible oxygen
isotope effect on the nu_Q(Cu2) temperature dependencies. The temperature
dependence of nu_Q(Cu2) is described by an empirical expression consisting of
two parts: one related to the thermal expansion of the lattice and the other
due to charge redistribution during the formation of new electronic structures
in the CuO_2 planes. From the fit to the experimental data we determine for the
conjectured formation of new electronic structures an energy scale Delta(^16O)
= 188.0(1.6) K and Delta(^18O) = 180.0(1.6) K. This results in a partial oxygen
isotope effect coefficient of 0.42(11) which is larger than both the
spin-pseudogap coefficient [0.061(8)] and the T_c coefficient [0.056(12)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113500 </DOCNO>
Some exact analytical results and a semi-empirical formula for single


  The delta function gauge of the electromagnetic potential allows
semiclassical formulas to be obtained for the probability of exciting a single
electron out of the ground state in an ultrarelativistic heavy ion reaction.
Exact formulas have been obtained in the limits of zero impact parameter and
large, perturbative, impact parameter. The perturbative impact parameter result
can be exploited to obtain a semi-empirical cross section formula of the form,
sigma = A ln(gamma) + B, for single electron ionization. A and B can be
evaluated for any combination of target and projectile, and the resulting
simple formula is good at all ultrarelativistic energies. The analytical form
of A and B elucidates a result previously found in numerical calculations:
scaled ionization cross sections decrease with increasing charge of the nucleus
being ionized. The cross section values obtained from the present formula are
in good agreement with recent CERN SPS data from a Pb beam on various nuclear
targets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97714 </DOCNO>
The nonabelian bar resolution


  The theory of parity quasi-complexes (PQC) is developed, preparing a set up
for defining derived functors using resolutions in the nonabelian case.
  A homotopy structure on the category of PQC is defined, yielding a 2-category
structure. The nonabelian homology functor factors through the corresponding
homotopy category.
  Following the relative homological algebra approach, resolutions are defined
as PQC having parity contracting homotopies in a suitable category.
  A canonical non-abelian PQC resolution for groups is defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148681 </DOCNO>
Uniform Twistor-Like Formulation of Massive and Massless Superparticles


  We construct the manifestly Lorentz-invariant twistorial formulation of N=1
D=4 superparticle with tensorial central charges which describes massive and
massless cases in a uniform manner. The tensorial central charges are realized
in terms of even spinor variables and central charge coordinates. The full
analysis of the number of conserved supersymmetries has been carried out. In
the massive case the superparticle preserves 1/4 or 1/2 of target-space
supersymmetries whereas the massless superparticle preserves two or three
supersymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74098 </DOCNO>
The bubbles of matter from multiskyrmions


  The multiskyrmions with large baryon number B given by rational map (RM)
ansaetze can be described reasonably well within the domain wall approximation,
or as spherical bubbles with energy and baryon number density concentrated at
their boundary. A special class of profile functions is considered
approximating the true profile and domain wall behaviour at the same time. An
upper bound is obtained for the masses of RM multiskyrmions which is close to
the calculated masses, especially at large B. The gap between rigorous upper
and lower bounds for large B multiskyrmions is less than 4%. The basic
properties of such bubbles of matter are investigated, some of them being of
universal character, i.e. they do not depend on baryon number of configuration
and on the number of flavors. As a result, the lagrangian of the Skyrme type
models provides field theoretical realization of the bag model of special kind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126014 </DOCNO>
A search for nearby young stars among the flare stars


  Flare stars were discovered in the late 1940s in the solar vicinity and were
named UV Cet-type variables (classical FSs). Among the FSs within 100 pc we
search for young stars. For the search we take spectra with sufficient
resolution to resolve Lithium at 6707 \AA and Calcium at 6718 \AA of all the
stars. The real young stars are prime targets for the search of extra-solar
planets by direct imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6540 </DOCNO>
A universal amplitude ratio for the q<4 Potts model from a solvable


  The universal amplitude ratio $R_{\xi}$ for the ($q\leqslant 4$)-state Potts
model in two dimensions is determined by using results for the dilute A model
in regime 1. The nature of the relationship between the Potts model and the
dilute A model, both related to $\phi_{2,1}$ perturbed conformal field theory,
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98652 </DOCNO>
Foundations of algebraic surgery


  An elementary introduction to the principles of algebraic surgery.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2891 </DOCNO>
A Universal Nucleation Mechanism for Solvent Cast Polymer Film Rupture


  It is shown that the intrinsic stress in solvent cast polymer coatings plays
a key role in the nucleation of holes in the film. Nucleation is important
because it is meanwhile clear that heterogeneous nucleation is the only
relevant rupture mechanism for the technologically relevant thickness regime
well above 100 nm. The most striking feature is that in contrast to what has
been widely believed, the number density of holes scales not algebraically, but
exponentially with the film thickness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2968 </DOCNO>
Novel Vortex Solid State in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7 - \delta}$ Twinned


  We report on the scaling of transport properties around the vortex melting in
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7- \delta}$ oriented-twin single crystals in applied magnetic
fields between 1T and 18T. We find that for all the measured field range the
linear resistivity scales as $\rho (t,\theta) \sim t^{sy} {\cal F}_{\pm}
(\sin(\theta)t^{-sx})$, with $t=|T-T_{BG}|$ and $\theta$ the angle between de
planar defects and the magnetic field. The scaling is valid only for angles
where the transition temperature $T_{BG} (\theta)$ shows a cusp. The critical
exponents $sx$ and $sy$ are in agreement with the values predicted by Lidmar
and Wallin only at magnetic fields below 4T. A change in the value of $sx$ from
$sx = 1 \pm 0.2$ to $sx = 3 \pm 0.2$ at around $H^{cr} \approx $ 4T when the
magnetic field is increased, is responsible for changes in the shape of the
$T_{BG} (\theta)$ curve and in the dependence of the linear dissipation on
temperature and angle. The results strongly suggest the existence of a
different vortex glassy phase in twinned crystals compared to the Bose-glass
state found in samples with linear defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113933 </DOCNO>
Improving the effectiveness of introductory physics service courses:


  A simple model to help students see the connections between a physics course
and their engineering major is described. "Bridging" had positive effects on
performance, attitude, and motivation, as measured by grade analyses, surveys,
and student and faculty comments. In addition to the improved performance,
enrollment in the physics course was also found to increase considerably during
the two years of the bridging. The bridging model can be applied to a variety
of courses and suggested components are discussed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126958 </DOCNO>
The Spectra of T Dwarfs I: Near-Infrared Data and Spectral


  We present near-infrared spectra for a sample of T dwarfs, including eleven
new discoveries made using the Two Micron All Sky Survey. These objects are
distinguished from warmer (L-type) brown dwarfs by the presence of methane
absorption bands in the 1--2.5 $\micron$ spectral region. A first attempt at a
near-infrared classification scheme for T dwarfs is made, based on the
strengths of CH$_4$ and H$_2$O bands and the shapes of the 1.25, 1.6, and 2.1
$\micron$ flux peaks. Subtypes T1 V through T8 V are defined, and spectral
indices useful for classification are presented. The subclasses appear to
follow a decreasing T$_{eff}$ scale, based on the evolution of CH$_4$ and
H$_2$O bands and the properties of L and T dwarfs with known distances.
However, we speculate that this scale is not linear with spectral type for cool
dwarfs, due to the settling of dust layers below the photosphere and subsequent
rapid evolution of spectral morphology around T$_{eff}$ $\sim$ 1300--1500 K.
Similarities in near-infrared colors and continuity of spectral features
suggest that the gap between the latest L dwarfs and earliest T dwarfs has been
nearly bridged. This argument is strengthened by the possible role of CH$_4$ as
a minor absorber shaping the K-band spectra of the latest L dwarfs. Finally, we
discuss one peculiar T dwarf, 2MASS 0937+2931, which has very blue
near-infrared colors (J-K$_s$ = $-0.89\pm$0.24) due to suppression of the 2.1
$\micron$ peak. The feature is likely caused by enhanced collision-induced
H$_2$ absorption in a high pressure or low metallicity photosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 860 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Charge State in HTSC Cuprates and CMR Manganites


  Recent measurements of neutron elastic and inelastic scattering suggest that
the charge states are spatially inhomogeneous at two lengthscales, atomic and
nanometer scales, in both the high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) cuprates
and colossal magnetoresistive (CMR) manganites. We suggest that the two-phonon
mechanism that controls the charge localization in CMR manganites is also at
work in HTSC cuprates, and may hold a key to understanding the mechanism of
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3413 </DOCNO>
Direct observation of irrotational flow and evidence of superfluidity in


  We observed the expansion of vortex-free Bose-condensates after their sudden
release from a slowly rotating anisotropic trap. Our results show clear
experimental evidence of the irrotational flow expected for a superfluid. The
expansion from a rotating trap has strong features associated with the
superfluid nature of a Bose-condensate, namely that the condensate cannot at
any point be cylindrically symmetric with respect to the axis of rotation since
such a wavefunction cannot possess angular momentum. Consequently, an initially
rotating condensate expands in a distinctively different way to one released
from a static trap. We report measurements of this phenomenon in absorption
images of the condensate taken along the direction of the rotation axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168880 </DOCNO>
Simple trace criterion for classification of multilayers


  The action of any lossless multilayer is described by a transfer matrix that
can be factorized in terms of three basic matrices. We introduce a simple trace
criterion that classifies multilayers in three classes with properties closely
related with one (and only one) of these three basic matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83528 </DOCNO>
On the problem of computing the well-founded semantics


  The well-founded semantics is one of the most widely studied and used
semantics of logic programs with negation. In the case of finite propositional
programs, it can be computed in polynomial time, more specifically, in
O(|At(P)|size(P)) steps, where size(P) denotes the total number of occurrences
of atoms in a logic program P. This bound is achieved by an algorithm
introduced by Van Gelder and known as the alternating-fixpoint algorithm.
Improving on the alternating-fixpoint algorithm turned out to be difficult. In
this paper we study extensions and modifications of the alternating-fixpoint
approach. We then restrict our attention to the class of programs whose rules
have no more than one positive occurrence of an atom in their bodies. For
programs in that class we propose a new implementation of the
alternating-fixpoint method in which false atoms are computed in a top-down
fashion. We show that our algorithm is faster than other known algorithms and
that for a wide class of programs it is linear and so, asymptotically optimal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150304 </DOCNO>
On algebraic geometric and computer algebra aspects of mirror symmetry


  We survey some algebraic geometric aspects of mirror symmetry and duality in
string theory. Some applications of computer algebra to algebraic geometry and
string theory are shortly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96794 </DOCNO>
Formal groups over Hopf algebras


  In this paper we study some generalization of the notion of a formal group
over ring, which may be called a formal group over Hopf algebra (FGoHA). The
first example of FGoHA was found under the study of cobordism's ring of some
$H$-space $\hat{Gr}$. The results, which are represented in this paper, show
that some constructions of the theory of formal group may be generalized to
FGoHA. For example, if ${\frak F}(x\otimes 1,1\otimes x) \in
(H{\mathop{\hat{\otimes}}\limits_R}H)[[x\otimes 1,1\otimes x]]$ is a FGoHA over
a Hopf algebra $(H,\mu,\nu, \Delta,\epsilon, S)$ over a ring $R$ without
torsion, then there exists a logarithm, i.e. the formal series ${\frak g}(x)\in
H_\mathbb{Q}[[x]]$ such that $(\Delta {\frak g})({\frak F}(x\otimes 1,1\otimes
x))= {\frak c}+{\frak g}(x)\otimes 1+1\otimes {\frak g}(x),$ where ${\frak
c}\in H_\mathbb{Q}{\mathop{\hat{\otimes}}\limits_{R_ \mathbb{Q}}}H_\mathbb{Q},
(\id \otimes \epsilon){\frak c}=0=(\epsilon \otimes \id){\frak c}$ and $(\id
\otimes \Delta){\frak c}+1\otimes {\frak c}-(\Delta \otimes \id){\frak
c}-{\frak c}\otimes 1=0$ (recall that the last condition means that ${\frak c}$
is a cocycle in the cobar complex of the Hopf algebra $H_\mathbb{\mathbb{Q}}$).
On the other hand, FGoHA have series of new properties. For example, the
convolution on a Hopf algebra allows us to get new FGoHA from given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84038 </DOCNO>
Meaningful Information


  The information in an individual finite object (like a binary string) is
commonly measured by its Kolmogorov complexity. One can divide that information
into two parts: the information accounting for the useful regularity present in
the object and the information accounting for the remaining accidental
information. There can be several ways (model classes) in which the regularity
is expressed. Kolmogorov has proposed the model class of finite sets,
generalized later to computable probability mass functions. The resulting
theory, known as Algorithmic Statistics, analyzes the algorithmic sufficient
statistic when the statistic is restricted to the given model class. However,
the most general way to proceed is perhaps to express the useful information as
a recursive function. The resulting measure has been called the
``sophistication'' of the object. We develop the theory of recursive functions
statistic, the maximum and minimum value, the existence of absolutely
nonstochastic objects (that have maximal sophistication--all the information in
them is meaningful and there is no residual randomness), determine its relation
with the more restricted model classes of finite sets, and computable
probability distributions, in particular with respect to the algorithmic
(Kolmogorov) minimal sufficient statistic, the relation to the halting problem
and further algorithmic properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5220 </DOCNO>
Granular 'glass' transition


  The transition from a flowing to a static state in a granular material is
studied using large-scale, 3D particle simulations. Similar to glasses, this
transition is manifested in the development of a plateau in the contact normal
force distribution P(f) at small forces, along with the splitting of the second
peak in the pair correlation function g(r), suggesting compaction and local
ordering. The mechanical state changes from one dominated by plastic intergrain
contacts in the flowing state to one dominated by elastic contacts in the
static state. We define a staticity index that determines how close the system
is to an isostatic state, and show that for our systems, the static state is
not isostatic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86987 </DOCNO>
Generation of the bosonic string theory solutions from the stationary


  A new formalism for generation of solutions in the consistently truncated
low-energy bosonic string theory is developed. This formalism gives a
correspondence of the projection type between the theories toroidally
compactified from the diverse to three dimensions. Taking the stationary
Einstein-dilaton gravity as the theory with a lower dimension, we generate its
bosonic string theory extension and calculate the bosonic string theory
solution corresponding to the Kerr-NUT one modified by the presence of the
charged dilaton field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97397 </DOCNO>
Bijections behind the Ramanujan Polynomials


  The Ramanujan polynomials were introduced by Ramanujan in his study of power
series inversions. In an approach to the Cayley formula on the number of trees,
Shor discovers a refined recurrence relation in terms of the number of improper
edges, without realizing the connection to the Ramanujan polynomials. On the
other hand, Dumont and Ramamonjisoa independently take the grammatical approach
to a sequence associated with the Ramanujan polynomials and have reached the
same conclusion as Shor's. It was a coincidence for Zeng to realize that the
Shor polynomials turn out to be the Ramanujan polynomials through an explicit
substitution of parameters. Shor also discovers a recursion of Ramanujan
polynomials which is equivalent to the Berndt-Evans-Wilson recursion under the
substitution of Zeng, and asks for a combinatorial interpretation. The
objective of this paper is to present a bijection for the Shor recursion, or
and Berndt-Evans-Wilson recursion, answering the question of Shor. Such a
bijection also leads to a combinatorial interpretation of the recurrence
relation originally given by Ramanujan.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5128 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic stabilization of excitons in intense terahertz laser


  High-precise calculation of near-infrared absorption and transient spectra in
bulk semiconductors irradiated by an intense terahertz (THz) laser shows that,
the ionization rate of the ground-state exciton, probed through the dynamic
Fano resonance, may decrease with the increase of the THz laser intensity. This
counterintuitive effect indicates the excitons are stabilized against the
field-ionization. The much lower Rydberg energy and ``atomic unit'' of laser
intensity for excitons, and the possibility of creating excitons from the
``vacuum state'' allow observing the excitonic stabilization in experiments, in
contrast to the case of atomic stabilization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 225 </DOCNO>
Critical exponents of the two-layer Ising model


  The symmetric two-layer Ising model (TLIM) is studied by the corner transfer
matrix renormalisation group method. The critical points and critical exponents
are calculated. It is found that the TLIM belongs to the same universality
class as the Ising model. The shift exponent is calculated to be 1.773, which
is consistent with the theoretical prediction 1.75 with 1.3% deviation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98007 </DOCNO>
Vector bundles with infinitely many souls


  We construct the first examples of manifolds, the simplest one being the
product of S^3, S^4, and R^5, which admit infinitely many complete
nonnegatively curved metrics with pairwise nonhomeomorphic souls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174727 </DOCNO>
Conditions for Isoscaling in Nuclear Reactions


  Isoscaling, where ratios of isotopes emitted from two reactions exhibit an
exponential dependence on the neutron and proton number of the isotope, has
been observed over a variety of reactions including evaporation, strongly
damped binary collision, and multifragmentation. The conditions for isoscaling
to occur as well as the conditions when isoscaling fails are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96125 </DOCNO>
Detection of spatial pattern through independence of thinned processes


  Let N, N' and N'' be point processes such that N' is obtained from N by
homogeneous independent thinning and N''= N- N'. We give a new elementary proof
that N' and N'' are independent if and only if N is a Poisson point process. We
present some applications of this result to test if a homogeneous point process
is a Poisson point process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86375 </DOCNO>
Proof of Polyakov conjecture for general elliptic singularities


  A proof is given of Polyakov conjecture about the accessory parameters of the
SU(1,1) Riemann-Hilbert problem for general elliptic singularities on the
Riemann sphere. Its relevance to 2+1 dimensional gravity is stressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95666 </DOCNO>
Hypersurfaces in $H^n$ and the space of its horospheres


  A classical theorem, mainly due to Aleksandrov and Pogorelov, 
states that any Riemannian metric on $S^2$ with curvature $K>-1$ is
induced on a unique convex surface in $H^3$. A similar result holds with the
induced metric replaced by the third fundamental form. We show that the same
phenomenon happens with yet another metric on immersed surfaces, which we call
the horospherical metric.
  This results extends in higher dimension, the metrics obtained are then
conformally flat. One can also study equivariant immersions of surfaces or the
metrics obtained on the boundaries of hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Some statements
which are difficult or only conjectured for the induced metric or the third
fundamental form become fairly easy when one considers the horospherical
metric.
  The results concerning the third fundamental form are obtained using a
duality between $H^3$ and the de Sitter space $S^3_1$. In the same way, the
results concerning the horospherical metric are proved through a duality
between $H^n$ and the space of its horospheres, which is naturally endowed with
a fairly rich geometrical structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98420 </DOCNO>
Derivatives of Eisenstein series and Faltings heights


  We prove a relation between a generating series for the heights of Heegner
cycles on the arithmetic surface associated to a Shimura curve and the second
term in the Laurent expansion at s=1/2 of an Eisenstein series of weight 3/2
for SL(2). On the geometric side, a typical coefficient of the generating
series involves the Faltings heights of abelian surfaces isogenous to a product
of CM elliptic curves, an archimedean contribution, and contributions from
vertical components in the fibers of bad reduction. On the analytic side, these
terms arise via the derivatives of local Whittaker functions. It should be
noted that s=1/2 is not the central point for the functional equation of the
Eisenstein series in question. Moreover, the first term of the Laurent
expansion at s=1/2 coincides with the generating function for the degrees of
the Heegner cycles on the generic fiber, and, in particular, does not vanish.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179247 </DOCNO>
Strange hadrons and their resonances: a diagnostic tool of QGP


  We update our chemical analysis of (strange) hadrons produced at the SPS in
Pb--Pb collisions at 158A GeV and and present a first chemical analysis of RHIC
results. We report that the shape of (anti)hyperon m_T-spectra in a thermal
freeze-out analysis leads to freeze-out conditions found in chemical analysis,
implying sudden strange hyperon production. We discuss how a combined analysis
of several strange hadron resonances of differing lifespan can be used to
understand the dynamical process present during chemical and thermal
freeze-outs. In medium resonance quenching is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124232 </DOCNO>
The Sagittarius dwarf galaxy as a microlensing target


  We estimate the optical depth, time-scale distribution and fraction of
microlensing events originating from sources in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy
(Sgr) lensed by deflectors in the Milky Way. These events have a time-scale
longer by a factor ~1.3 than the MW/MW events and occur mainly on sources
fainter than V~21 mag below Sgr's turn off. The fraction of events involving a
source in Sgr depends on the location and extinction of the field and on the
limiting magnitude of the survey. The contribution of the MW/Sgr events is
negligible (<1%) at very low latitudes (|b|<2 deg.) but increases continuously
towards higher |b| and becomes dominant near the highest density region of the
dwarf galaxy. Sgr is present within the fields of current microlensing surveys
and any optical depth map inferred from observations will become biased by the
presence of Sgr towards higher |b| where the contribution of MW/Sgr events is
significant. Systematic spectroscopic measurements on the sources of all the
microlensing events may allow detection of this kind of event for which the
degeneracy on the lens mass can be significantly reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129563 </DOCNO>
Photon Dominated Regions in Low UV Fields: A Study of The Peripheral


  We have carried out an in-depth study of the peripheral region of the
molecular cloud L1204/S140, where the far ultraviolet radiation and the density
are relatively low. Our observations test theories of photon-dominated regions
(PDRs) in a regime that has been little explored. CII 158 micron and OI 63
micron lines are detected by ISO at all 16 positions along a 1-dimensional cut
in right ascension. Emission from molecular hydrogen rotational transitions, at
28 and 17 micron, was also detected at several positions. The CII, OI, and
molecular hydrogen intensities along the cut show much less spatial variation
than do the rotational lines of CO and other CO isotopes. The average CII and
OI intensities and their ratio are consistent with models of PDRs with low FUV
radiation (Go) and density. The best-fitting model has Go about 15 and density,
n about 1000 per cubic cm. Standard PDR models underpredict the intensity in
the H2 rotational lines by up to an order of magnitude. This problem has also
been seen in bright PDRs and attributed to factors, such as geometry and
gas-grain drift, that should be much less important in the regime studied here.
The fact that we see the same problem in our data suggests that more
fundamental solutions, such as higher H2 formation rates, are needed. Also, in
this regime of low density and small line width, the OI line is sensitive to
the radiative transfer and geometry. Using the ionization structure of the
models, a quantitative analysis of timescales for ambipolar diffusion in the
peripheral regions of the S140 cloud is consistent with a theory of
photoionization-regulated star formation. Observations of CII in other galaxies
differ both from those of high Go PDRs in our galaxy and from the low Go
regions we have studied. ~

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6046 </DOCNO>
Applicability of the Broken-Bond Rule to the Surface Energy of the fcc


  We apply the Green's function based full-potential screened
Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method in conjunction with the local density
approximation to study the surface energies of the noble and the fcc transition
and $sp$ metals. The orientation dependence of the transition metal surface
energies can be well described taking into account only the broken bonds
between first neighbors, quite analogous to the behavior we recently found for
the noble metals [see cond-mat/0105207]. The (111) and (100) surfaces of the
$sp$ metals show a jellium like behavior but for the more open surfaces we find
again the noble metals behavior but with larger deviation from the broken-bond
rule compared to the transition metals. Finally we show that the use of the
full potential is crucial to obtain accurate surface energy anisotropy ratios
for the vicinal surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149942 </DOCNO>
On the Invariance of Residues of Feynman Graphs


  We use simple iterated one-loop graphs in massless Yukawa theory and QED to
pose the following question: what are the symmetries of the residues of a graph
under a permutation of places to insert subdivergences. The investigation
confirms partial invariance of the residue under such permutations: the highest
weight transcendental is invariant under such a permutation. For QED this
result is gauge invariant, ie the permutation invariance holds for any gauge.
Computations are done making use of the Hopf algebra structure of graphs and
employing GiNaC to automate the calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149722 </DOCNO>
Bochner-Weitzenboeck formulas associated with the Rarita-Schwinger


  In this paper, we establish basic material for future investigations of the
analysis and geometry of the twistor bundle, and of differential operators with
the twistor bundle as source and/or target, especially the Rarita-Schwinger
operator, a first order differential operator taking twistors to twistors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3672 </DOCNO>
Mode-locking of incommensurate phase by quantum zero point energy in the


  In this paper, it is shown that a configuration modulated system described by
the Frenkel-Kontorova model can be locked at an incommensurate phase when the
quantum zero point energy is taken into account. It is also found that the
specific heat for an incommensurate phase shows different parameter-dependence
in sliding phase and pinning phase. These findings provide a possible way for
experimentalists to verify the phase transition by breaking of analyticity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98857 </DOCNO>
A review on deformation quantization of coadjoint orbits of semisimple


  In this paper we make a review of the results obtained in previous works by
the authors on deformation quantization of coadjoint orbits of semisimple Lie
groups. We motivate the problem with a new point of view of the well known
Moyal-Weyl deformation quantization. We consider only semisimple orbits.
Algebraic and differential deformations are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75554 </DOCNO>
Antimatter Bounds by Anti-Asteroids annihilations on Planets and Sun


  The existence of antimatter stars in the Galaxy as possible signature for
inflationary models with non-homogeneous baryo-synthesis may leave the trace by
antimatter cosmic rays as well as by their secondaries (anti-planets and
anti-meteorites) diffused bodies in our galactic halo. The anti-meteorite flux
may leave its explosive gamma signature by colliding on lunar soil as well as
on terrestrial, jovian and solar atmospheres. However the propagation in galaxy
and the consequent evaporation in galactic matter gas suppress the lightest (m
< 10^(-2)g) anti-meteorites. Anisotropic annihilation of larger anti-meteorites
within a narrow mass window, maybe rarely deflected, bounced by the galactic
gas disk, escaping detection in our solar system. Nevertheless heaviest
anti-meteorites (m > 10^(-1)g up to 10^(6)g) are unable to be deflected by the
thin galactic gas surface annihilation; they might hit the Sun (or rarely
Jupiter) leading to an explosive gamma event and a spectacular track with a
bouncing and even a propelling annihilation on cromosphere and photosphere.
Their anti-nuclei annihilation in pions and their final hard gammas showering
may be observabe as a "solar flare" at a rate nearly comparable to the observed
ones. From their absence we may infer bounds on antimatter-matter ratio near or
below 10^(-9) limit: already recorded data in BATSE catalog might be applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129432 </DOCNO>
Caught in the Act; Chandra Observations of Microlensing of the


  We present results from monitoring of the distant (z = 2.64), gravitationally
lensed quasar MG J0414+0534 with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. An Fe Ka line
at 6.49 +/- 0.09 keV (rest-frame) with an equivalent width of ~ 190eV
consistent with fluorescence from a cold medium is detected at the 99 percent
confidence level in the spectrum of the brightest image A. During the last two
observations of our monitoring program we detected a five-fold increase of the
equivalent width of a narrow Fe Ka line in the spectrum of image B but not in
the brighter image A whereas image C is too faint to resolve the line. The
continuum emission component of image B did not follow the sudden enhancement
of the iron line in the last two observations. We propose that the sudden
increase in the iron line strength from ~ 190eV to 900eV only in image B can be
explained with a caustic crossing due to microlensing that selectively enhances
a strip of the line emission region of the accretion disk. The non-enhancement
of the continuum emission in the spectrum of image B suggests that the
continuum emission region is concentrated closer to the center of the accretion
disk than the iron line emission region and the magnification caustic has not
reached close enough to the former region to amplify it. A model of a caustic
crossing event predicts discontinuities in the light-curve of the magnification
and provides an upper limit of ~ 5 x 10^(-4) pc on the outer radius of the Fe
Ka emission region. The non-detection of any relativistic or Doppler shifts of
the iron line in the spectrum of image B implies that the magnification caustic
for the last two observations was located at a radius greater than ~ 100
gravitational radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96853 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial Lie bialgebras of curves on surfaces


  Goldman and Turaev found a Lie bialgebra structure on the vector space
generated by non-trivial free homotopy classes of curves on a surface. When the
surface has non-empty boundary, this vector space has a basis of cyclic reduced
words in the generators of the fundamental group and their inverses. We give a
combinatorial algorithm to compute this Lie bialgebra on this vector space of
cyclic words. Using this presentation, we prove a generalization of Goldman's
result relating the bracket to disjointness of curve representatives when one
of the classes is simple. We exhibit some examples we found by programming the
algorithm which answer negatively Turaev's question about the characterization
of simple curves in terms of the cobracket. Further computations suggest an
alternative characterization of simple curves in terms of the bracket of a
curve and its inverse. Turaev's question is still open in genus zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83640 </DOCNO>
A Complete WordNet1.5 to WordNet1.6 Mapping


  We describe a robust approach for linking already existing lexical/semantic
hierarchies. We use a constraint satisfaction algorithm (relaxation labelling)
to select --among a set of candidates-- the node in a target taxonomy that
bests matches each node in a source taxonomy. In this paper we present the
complete mapping of the nominal, verbal, adjectival and adverbial parts of
WordNet 1.5 onto WordNet 1.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86775 </DOCNO>
On the Space of 3-dimensional Homogeneous Riemannian Manifolds


  We answer the following question: Let l, m, n be arbitrary real numbers. Does
there exist a 3-dimensional homogeneous Riemannian manifold whose eigenvalues
of the Ricci tensor are just l, m and n ?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83835 </DOCNO>
Product Cycle, Wintelism, and Cross-national Production Networks (CPN)


  Focusing on the telecom manufacturing industry in China, this paper contends
that the existing literature needs to be expanded in order to explain the
Chinese case. First, product cycle theory could be applied to explain
multinational corporations' strategies of importing and localizing their
products in China in order to take advantage of lower labor costs and often
more significantly to break barriers to the Chinese market. Second, there are
no significant indicators pointing to local multinational subsidiaries and
indigenous manufacturers serving as a substantial part of the cross-national
production networks in the global telecom industry yet, although there are some
signs of potential development. Third, the success of "Wintelism" and the
maturity of cross-national production networks in the global market have had
significant impacts on China's indigenous industry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149507 </DOCNO>
Local Physical Coodinates from Symplectic Projector Method


  The basic arguments underlying the symplectic projector method are presented.
By this method, local free coordinates on the constrait surface can be obtained
for a broader class of constrained systems. Some interesting examples are
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3456 </DOCNO>
Finite-Size Critical Behavior of the Driven Lattice Gas


  We present a detailed Monte Carlo study of the high-temperature phase of the
two-dimensional driven lattice gas at infinite driving field. We define a
finite-volume correlation length, study its finite-size-scaling behavior and
extrapolate it to the infinite-volume limit by using an iterative extrapolation
method. The same method is applied to the susceptibility. We determine the
transverse exponents $\gamma$ and $\nu$. They turn out to be in perfect
agreement with the theoretical predictions. We also compute the transverse
Binder parameter, which apparently vanishes at the critical point, and the
distribution of the magnetization. These results confirm the Gaussian nature of
the transverse excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126169 </DOCNO>
Solving for closure errors due to polarization leakage in radio


  Mechanical and electronic imperfections can result into polarization leakage
in individual antennas of a radio interferometer. Such leakages manifest
themselves as closure errors even in co-polar visibility measurements of
unpolarized sources. This paper describes and tests a method for the study of
polarization leakage for radio interferometric telescopes using {\it only} the
nominally co-polar visibilities for unpolarized calibrators. Interpretation of
the resulting closure phases on the Poincar\'e sphere is presented. Since
unpolarized sources are used, the actual solutions for leakage parameters is
subject to a degeneracy which is discussed. This however, does not affect the
correction of closure errors in our scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74308 </DOCNO>
The Inverse Problem: Extracting Time-Like from Space-Like Data


  A practical strategy is presented and successfully implemented to determine
form factors in the time-like but unphysical (below threshold) region using
dispersion relations, in a model independent way without any bias towards
expected resonances. Space and time-like data have been employed along with a
regularization scheme to unfold and solve the integral equations. Remarkably,
resonance structures with peaks for the $\rho(770)$, $\rho'(1600)$ and a
structure near the $N\bar N$ threshold are automatically generated. The $\Phi$
peak is invisible thus refuting suggestions about any sizeable $s\bar s$
content in the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97549 </DOCNO>
The Structure of Inner Multipliers on Spaces with Complete Nevanlinna


  We establish some multivariate generalizations of the Beurling-Lax-Halmos
theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3239 </DOCNO>
Can mesoscopic fluctuations reverse the supercurrent through a


  We calculate the Josephson coupling energy $U_J(\phi)$ (related to the
supercurrent $I=(2e/\hbar) dU_J/d\phi$) for a disordered normal metal between
two superconductors with a phase difference $\phi$. We demonstrate that the
symmetry of the scattering matrix of non-interacting quasiparticles in zero
magnetic field implies that $U_J(\phi)$ has a minimum at $\phi=0$. A maximum
(that would lead to a $\pi$-junction or negative superfluid density) is
excluded for any realization of the disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73672 </DOCNO>
Trilinear gauge boson couplings and bilepton production in the SU(3)_C X


  The trilinear gauge boson couplings in the SU(3)_C X SU(3)_L X U(1)_N (3 - 3
- 1) models are presented. We find that new $Z_2$ does not interact with the
usual (in the standard model) gauge bosons $Z, W^\pm$. Based on these results,
production of new heavy gauge bosons at high energy colliders such as e^+ e^-
is calculated. We show that the cross sections obtained in the 3 - 3 - 1 model
with right-handed neutrinos can be one order bigger than the same in the
minimal 3 - 3 - 1 model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74423 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading order evolution of generalized parton distributions for


  The QCD evolution of both unpolarized and polarized generalized parton
distributions (GPDs) to next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy is presented, in
both the DGLAP and ERBL regions, for two appropriately symmetrized input
distributions based on conventional parton density functions. To illustrate the
relative size of the NLO corrections a comparison is made with leading order
evolution of the same distributions. For the first time, NLO results are given
for both small and large values of the skewedness parameter, $\zeta = x_{bj}$,
i.e. for all of the kinematic range relevant to HERA and HERMES.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168056 </DOCNO>
Quantum fingerprinting


  Classical fingerprinting associates with each string a shorter string (its
fingerprint), such that, with high probability, any two distinct strings can be
distinguished by comparing their fingerprints alone. The fingerprints can be
exponentially smaller than the original strings if the parties preparing the
fingerprints share a random key, but not if they only have access to
uncorrelated random sources. In this paper we show that fingerprints consisting
of quantum information can be made exponentially smaller than the original
strings without any correlations or entanglement between the parties: we give a
scheme where the quantum fingerprints are exponentially shorter than the
original strings and we give a test that distinguishes any two unknown quantum
fingerprints with high probability. Our scheme implies an exponential
quantum/classical gap for the equality problem in the simultaneous message
passing model of communication complexity. We optimize several aspects of our
scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127103 </DOCNO>
Ellipsoidal collapse and previrialization


  We study the non-linear evolution of a dust ellipsoid,embedded in a Friedmann
flat background universe, in order to determine the evolution of the density of
the ellipsoid as the perturbation to it related detaches from general expansion
and begins to collapse. We show that while the growth rate of the density
contrast of a mass element is enhanced by the shear in agreement with Hoffman
(1986a), the angular momentum acquired by the ellipsoid has the right magnitude
to counterbalance the effect of the shear. The result confirms the
previrialization conjecture (Peebles & Groth 1976; Davis & Peebles 1977;
Peebles 1990) by showing that initial asphericities and tidal interactions
begin to slow down the collapse after the system has broken away from the
general expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169055 </DOCNO>
Storing unitary operators in quantum states


  We present a scheme to store unitary operators with self-inverse generators
in quantum states and a general circuit to retrieve them with definite success
probability. The continuous variable of the operator is stored in a
single-qubit state and the information about the kind of the operator is stored
in classical states with finite dimension. The probability of successful
retrieval is always 1/2 irrespective of the kind of the operator, which is
proved to be maximum. In case of failure, the result can be corrected with
additional quantum states. The retrieving circuit is almost as simple as that
which handles only the single-qubit rotations and CNOT as the basic operations.
An interactive way to transfer quantum dynamics, that is, to distribute
naturally copy-protected programs for quantum computers is also presented using
this scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113878 </DOCNO>
Relativistic trajectories


  A quite evident and radical argument proves that no motion of masses can
generate gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150069 </DOCNO>
Boundary dynamics and multiple reflection expansion for Robin boundary


  In the presence of a boundary interaction, Neumann boundary conditions should
be modified to contain a function S of the boundary fields: (\nabla_N +S)\phi
=0. Information on quantum boundary dynamics is then encoded in the
$S$-dependent part of the effective action. In the present paper we extend the
multiple reflection expansion method to the Robin boundary conditions mentioned
above, and calculate the heat kernel and the effective action (i) for constant
S, (ii) to the order S^2 with an arbitrary number of tangential derivatives.
Some applications to symmetry breaking effects, tachyon condensation and brane
world are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2929 </DOCNO>
High-Pressure Amorphous Nitrogen


  The phase diagram and stability limits of diatomic solid nitrogen have been
explored in a wide pressure--temperature range by several optical spectroscopic
techniques. A newly characterized narrow-gap semiconducting phase $\eta$ has
been found to exist in a range of 80--270 GPa and 10--510 K. The vibrational
and optical properties of the $\eta$ phase produced under these conditions
indicate that it is largely amorphous and back transforms to a new molecular
phase. The band gap of the $\eta$ phase is found to decrease with pressure
indicating possible metallization by band overlap above 280 GPa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7311 </DOCNO>
Comparison of variational real-space representations of the kinetic


  We present a comparison of real-space methods based on regular grids for
electronic structure calculations that are designed to have basis set
variational properties, using as a reference the conventional method of finite
differences (a real-space method that is not variational) and the
reciprocal-space plane-wave method which is fully variational. We find that a
new definition of the finite differences method [P. Maragakis, J. Soler, and E.
Kaxiras, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{64}, 193101 (2001)] satisfies one of the two
properties of variational behaviour at the cost of larger errors than the
conventional finite differences method. On the other hand, a technique which
represents functions in a number of plane-waves which is independent of system
size, follows closely the plane-wave method and therefore also the criteria for
variational behaviour. Its application is only limited by the requirement of
having functions strictly localised in regions of real-space but this is a
characteristic of most modern real-space methods as they are designed to have a
computational cost that scales linearly with system size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149424 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Non-Trivial Gauge Configurations


  In this talk we will report on few results of discrete physics on the fuzzy
sphere . In particular non-trivial field configurations such as monopoles and
solitons are constructed on fuzzy ${\bf S}^2$ using the language of K-theory,
i.e projectors . As we will show, these configurations are intrinsically finite
dimensional matrix models . The corresponding monopole charges and soliton
winding numbers are also found using the formalism of noncommutative geometry
and cyclic cohomology .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75985 </DOCNO>
Large-Nc QCD and Low Energy Interactions


  This talk reviews recent progress in formulating the dynamics of the
electroweak interactions of hadrons at low energies, within the framework of
the 1/Nc-expansion in QCD. The emphasis is put on the basic issues of the
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123460 </DOCNO>
The origin of the mid- and far-infrared emission in AGN


  The relation between the X-ray emission, the infrared emission and the
coronal line emission in a sample of the brightest known Seyfert galaxies is
analyzed. A close relationship between the absorption-corrected soft X-ray
emission and both the mid-infrared and the coronal line emission is found among
the Seyfert type 2 objects studied in this work. Being both the coronal line
and the X-ray emissions main tracers of the AGN activity, their relation with
the mid-infrared emission adds further support to the claim that the
mid-infrared emission is primarily due to dust heated directly by the central
AGN. No apparent relationship between the soft X-ray emission and the coronal
line and/or the mid-infrared emissions is seen within Seyfert 1 objects, the
number of objects of this class in the sample is comparatively smaller though.
That discrepancy is partially due to the fact that the soft X-ray emission in
the Seyfert 1s is systematically larger by at least one order of magnitude than
that in their Seyfert 2 counterparts. Finally, the hard X-ray emission in both
Seyfert types shows unrelated to the mid-infrared and coronal line emissions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3754 </DOCNO>
Classical molecular dynamics simulations of amorphous silica surfaces


  We have adapted classical molecular dynamics to study the structural and
dynamical properties of amorphous silica surfaces. Concerning the structure,
the density profile exhibits oscillations perpendicularly to the surface as
observed in liquid metal surfaces and the pair correlation functions as well as
the angle distributions show features (absent in the interior of the films)
that can be attributed to the presence of 2-fold rings which are perpendicular
to the surface. From the mean-squared displacement of the non bridging oxygen
atoms we find that in the interior region they move perpendicular to the
surface while they move parallel to it in the surface region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86832 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Spatial distributions of Negative Energy


  This paper initiates a program which seeks to study the allowed spatial
distributions of negative energy density in quantum field theory. Here we deal
with free fields in Minkowski spacetime. Known restrictions on time integrals
of the energy density along geodesics, the averaged weak energy condition and
quantum inequalities are reviewed. These restrictions are then used to discuss
some possible constraints on the allowable spatial distributions of negative
energy. We show how some geometric configurations can either be ruled out or
else constrained. We also construct some explicit examples of allowed
distributions. Several issues related to the allowable spatial distributions
are also discussed. These include spacetime averaged quantum inequalities in
two-dimensional spacetime, the failure of generalizations of the averaged weak
energy condition to piecewise geodesics, and the issue of when the local energy
density is negative in the frame of all observers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148763 </DOCNO>
Notes about equivalence between Sine-Gordon theory (free fermion point)


  The space of local integrals of motion for the Sine-Gordon theory (the free
fermion point) and the theory of free fermions in the light cone coordinates is
investigated. Some important differences between the spaces of local integrals
of motion of these theories are obtained. The equivalence is broken on the
level of the integrals of motion between bosonic and fermionic theories (in the
free fermion point). The integrals of motion are constracted without Quantum
Inverse Scattering Method (QISM)and the additional quantum integrals of motion
are obtaned. So the QISM is not absolutely complete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125579 </DOCNO>
VLBA Observations of Astrometric Reference Sources in the Galactic


  We report here on multi-frequency VLBA observations of three extragalactic
sources within 1 degree of the Galactic Center. These sources have been used as
astrometric reference sources for VLA and VLBA determinations of the proper
motion of Sagittarius A*, the compact nonthermal radio source in the Galactic
Center. Each source has a main component with a brightness temperature in
excess of 10^{7.5} K, confirming that the sources are active galactic nuclei.
The sources have simple structure that can be characterized by one or two
Gaussian components. The frequency dependence of the structure indicates that
the positions of Sgr A* determined by the VLA astrometry of Backer & Sramek
(1999) at 4.8 and 8.4 GHz should have an offset of \sim 2 mas. This offset is
in the same direction as the 5 mas shift measured by Backer & Sramek (1999).
The structure is unlikely to bias the 43 GHz VLBA results of Reid et al (1999).
Motions of components in the calibrator sources could lead to errors in the
proper motion of Sgr A* on the order of a few km s^{-1}.
  All three sources show frequency dependent structure consistent with
scattering which is significantly stronger than that of the Galactic scattering
model of Taylor & Cordes (1993) but significantly weaker than that of the
hyperstrong Galactic Center scattering. Combined with other observations, this
suggests the existence of a new component of Galactic scattering located
several kpc from the Galactic Center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125166 </DOCNO>
Spectra of Maser Radiation from a Turbulent, Circumnuclear Accretion


  Calculations are performed for the circular polarization of maser radiation
from a turbulent, Keplerian disk that is intended to represent the sub-parsec
disk at the nucleus of the galaxy NGC4258. The polarization in the calculations
is a result of the Zeeman effect in the regime in which the Zeeman splitting is
much less than the spectral linebreadth. Plausible configurations for turbulent
magnetic and velocity fields in the disk are created by statistical methods.
This turbulence, along with the Keplerian velocity gradients and the blending
of the three hyperfine components to form the $6_{16} - 5_{23}$ masing
transition of water, are key ingredients in determining the appearance of the
polarized spectra that are calculated. These spectra are quite different from
the polarized spectra that would be expected for a two-level transition where
there is no hyperfine structure. The effect of the hyperfine structure on the
polarization is most striking in the calculations for the maser emission that
represents the central (or systemic) features of NGC4258. Information about
magnetic fields is inferred from observations for polarized maser radiation and
bears on the structure of accretion disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95800 </DOCNO>
Dyck paths and a bijection for multisets of hook numbers


  We give a bijective proof of a conjecture of Regev and Vershik on the
equality of two multisets of hook numbers of certain skew-Young diagrams. The
bijection proves a result that is stronger and more symmetric than the original
conjecture, by means of a construction involving Dyck paths, a particular type
of lattice path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169133 </DOCNO>
Two Qubit Quantum Computing in a Projected Subspace


  A formulation for performing quantum computing in a projected subspace is
presented, based on the subdynamical kinetic equation (SKE) for an open quantum
system. The eigenvectors of the kinetic equation are shown to remain invariant
before and after interaction with the environment. However, the eigenvalues in
the projected subspace exhibit a type of phase shift to the evolutionary
states. This phase shift does not destroy the decoherence-free (DF) property of
the subspace because the associated fidelity is 1. This permits a universal
formalism to be presented - the eigenprojectors of the free part of the
Hamiltonian for the system and bath may be used to construct a DF projected
subspace based on the SKE. To eliminate possible phase or unitary errors
induced by the change in the eigenvalues, a cancellation technique is proposed,
using the adjustment of the coupling time, and applied to a two qubit computing
system. A general criteria for constructing a DF projected subspace from the
SKE is discussed. Finally, a proposal for using triangulation to realize a
decoherence-free subsystem based on SKE is presented. The concrete formulation
for a two-qubit model is given exactly. Our approach is novel and general, and
appears applicable to any type of decoherence. Key Words: Quantum Computing,
Decoherence, Subspace, Open System PACS number: 03.67.Lx,33.25.+k,.76.60.-k

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126912 </DOCNO>
Host galaxies, BH masses and Eddington ratio of radio-loud AGNs


  We compare the host galaxies properties of BL Lac objects with those of radio
loud quasars (RLQs) imaged by the WFPC2 on board of HST. The considered objects
(z<0.5) are always well resolved and their host galaxies satisfactorily
modelled by ellipticals. After homogeneous treatment of the data we find RLQs
hosts are systematically more luminous (by ~0.7 mag) with respect to the hosts
of BL Lacs. Using the M_BH - L_bulge relation, derived for nearby elliptical
galaxies, we have evaluated the central black hole masses of our sample of
active galaxies. These data are discussed in conjunction with the nuclear
luminosity and the Eddington ratio.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127197 </DOCNO>
Time is Life


  The affirmative statement of the existence of extraterrestrial life is
tentatively raised to the status of a principle. Accordingly, Fermi's question
is answered and the anthropic principle is shown to be falsifiable. The
time-scale for the development of life on Earth and the age of the universe are
the fundamental quantities upon which the arguments are framed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129095 </DOCNO>
Stellar differential rotation from direct starspot tracking


  On the Sun, the rotation periods of individual sunspots not only trace the
latitude dependence of the surface rotation rate, but also provide clues as to
the amount of subsurface fluid shear. In this paper we present the first
measurements of stellar differential rotation made by tracking the rotation of
individual starspots with sizes comparable to the largest sunspots. To achieve
this we re-analyse four sequences of densely-sampled, high signal-to-noise
echelle spectra of AB Doradus spanning several stellar rotations in 1996
December. Using spectral subtraction, least-squares deconvolution and
matched-filter analysis, we demonstrate that it is possible to measure directly
the velocity amplitudes and rotation periods of large numbers of individual
starspots at low to intermediate latitude. We derive values for the equatorial
rotation rate and the magnitude of the surface differential rotation, both of
which are in excellent agreement with those obtained by Donati & Collier
Cameron (1997) from cross-correlation of Doppler images derived a year earlier
in 1995 December, and with a re-analysis of the 1996 data by the method of
Donati et al (2000). The differences between the rotation rates of individual
spots and the fitted differential rotation law are substantially greater than
the observational errors. The smaller spots show a greater scatter about the
mean relation than the larger ones, which suggests that buffeting by turbulent
supergranular flows could be responsible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129046 </DOCNO>
Mass Reconstruction with CMB Polarization


  Weak gravitational lensing by the intervening large-scale structure of the
Universe induces high-order correlations in the cosmic microwave background
(CMB) temperature and polarization fields. We construct minimum variance
estimators of the intervening mass distribution out of the six quadratic
combinations of the temperature and polarization fields. Polarization begins to
assist in the reconstruction when E-mode mapping becomes possible on
degree-scale fields, i.e. for an experiment with a noise level of ~40 uK-arcmin
and beam of ~7', similar to the Planck experiment; surpasses the temperature
reconstruction at ~26 uK-arcmin and 4'; yet continues to improve the
reconstruction until the lensing B-modes are mapped to l ~ 2000 at ~0.3
uK-arcmin and 3'. Ultimately, the correlation between the E and B modes can
provide a high signal-to-noise mass map out to multipoles of L ~ 1000,
extending the range of temperature-based estimators by nearly an order of
magnitude. We outline four applications of mass reconstruction: measurement of
the linear power spectrum in projection to the cosmic variance limit out to L ~
1000 (or wavenumbers 0.002 < k < 0.2 in h/Mpc), cross-correlation with cosmic
shear surveys to probe the evolution of structure tomographically,
cross-correlation of the mass and temperature maps to probe the dark energy,
and the separation of lensing and gravitational wave B-modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81046 </DOCNO>
Generalized parity transformations in the regularized Chern-Simons


  We study renormalization effects in the Abelian Chern-Simons (CS) action.
These effects can be non-trivial when the gauge field is coupled to dynamical
matter, since the regularization of the UV divergences in the model forces the
introduction of a parity even piece in the gauge field action. This changes the
classical (odd) transformation properties of the pure CS action. This effect,
already discussed for the case of a lattice regularization by F. Berruto, M.C.
Diamantini and P. Sodano in hep-th/0004203, is also present when the theory is
defined in the continuum and, indeed, it is a manifestation of a more general
`anomalous' effect, since it happens for every regularization scheme. We
explore the physical consequences of this anomaly. We also show that
generalized, nonlocal parity transformations can be defined in such a way that
the regularized theory is odd, and that those transformations tend to the usual
ones when the cutoff is removed. These generalized transformations play a role
that is tantamount to the deformed symmetry corresponding to Ginsparg-Wilson
fermions [2] (in an even number of spacetime dimensions).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73600 </DOCNO>
Atomic Parity Nonconservation and Nuclear Anapole Moments


  Anapole moments are parity-odd, time-reversal-even moments of the E1
projection of the electromagnetic current. Although it was recognized, soon
after the discovery of parity violation in the weak interaction, that
elementary particles and composite systems like nuclei must have anapole
moments, it proved difficult to isolate this weak radiative correction. The
first successful measurement, an extraction of the nuclear anapole moment of
133Cs from the hyperfine dependence of the atomic parity violation, was
obtained only recently. An important anapole moment bound in Tl also exists. We
discuss these measurements and their significance as tests of the hadronic weak
interaction, focusing on the mechanisms that operate within the nucleus to
generate the anapole moment. The atomic results place new constraints on weak
meson-nucleon couplings, ones we compare to existing bounds from a variety of
p-p and nuclear tests of parity nonconservation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148359 </DOCNO>
Investigation of Matrix Theory via Super Lie Algebra


  This paper reports the investigation of a matrix model via super Lie algebra,
following the proposal of L. Smolin. We consider the osp(1|32,R) nongauged
matrix model and gl(1|32,R) gauged matrix model, especially paying attention to
the supersymmetry and the relationship with IKKT model. This paper is based on
the collaboration with the collaboration with S.Iso, H.Kawai and Y.Ohwashi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114185 </DOCNO>
A Reconciliation of Electromagnetism and Gravitation


  It is argued that once we consider the underpinning of a Non Commutative
geometry, itself symptomatic of extended particles, for example in Quantum
Superstring theory, then a reconciliation between gravitation and
electromagnetism is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123714 </DOCNO>
Could We Detect Molecular Oxygen in the Atmosphere of a Transiting


  Although the extra-solar planets discovered so far are of the giant, gaseous,
type, the increased sensitivity of future surveys will result in the discovery
of lower mass planets. The detection of O2 in the atmosphere of a rocky
extra-solar planet would be a potential indicator of a life. In this paper we
address the specific issue of whether we would be able to detect the O2 A-band
absorption feature in the atmosphere of a planet similar to the Earth, if it
were in orbit around a nearby star. Our method is empirical, in that we use
observations of the Earth's O2 A-band, with a simple geometric modification for
a transiting extra-solar planet, allowing for limb-darkening of the host star.
We simulate the spectrum of the host star with the superposed O2 A-band
absorption of the transiting planet, assuming a spectral resolution of 7 km/s
(typical of current echelle spectrographs), for a range of spectral
signal-to-noise ratios. The main result is that we could reliably detect the O2
A-band of the transiting planet for host stars with radii 0.3 solar or less.
However, using existing instrumentation and 8m telescopes, this requires target
M stars with m(V) of approximately 10 or brighter for integration times of
about 10 hours or less. The number of such stars over the sky is small. Larger
aperture telescopes and/or improved instrumentation efficiency would enable
surveys of M stars down to m(V) = 13 and greatly improve the chances of
discovering life elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99044 </DOCNO>
Lorentz-covariant ultradistributions, hyperfunctions, and analytic


  We generalize the theory of Lorentz-covariant distributions to broader
classes of functionals including ultradistributions, hyperfunctions, and
analytic functionals with a tempered growth. We prove that Lorentz-covariant
functionals with essential singularities can be decomposed into polynomial
covariants and establish the possibility of the invariant decomposition of
their carrier cones. We describe the properties of odd highly singular
generalized functions. These results are used to investigate the vacuum
expectation values of nonlocal quantum fields with an arbitrary high-energy
behavior and to extend the spin--statistics theorem to nonlocal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96423 </DOCNO>
Walks on the slit plane: other approaches


  Let S be a finite subset of Z^2. A walk on the slit plane with steps in S is
a sequence (0,0)=w_0, w_1, ..., w_n of points of Z^2 such that w_{i+1}-w_i
belongs to S for all i, and none of the points w_i, i>0, lie on the half-line
H= {(k,0): k =< 0}.
  In a recent paper, G. Schaeffer and the author computed the length generating
function S(t) of walks on the slit plane for several sets S. All the generating
functions thus obtained turned out to be algebraic: for instance, on the
ordinary square lattice,
  S(t) =\frac{(1+\sqrt{1+4t})^{1/2}(1+\sqrt{1-4t})^{1/2}}{2(1-4t)^{3/4}}.
  The combinatorial reasons for this algebraicity remain obscure.
  In this paper, we present two new approaches for solving slit plane models.
One of them simplifies and extends the functional equation approach of the
original paper. The other one is inspired by an argument of Lawler; it is more
combinatorial, and explains the algebraicity of the product of three series
related to the model. It can also be seen as an extension of the classical
cycle lemma. Both methods work for any set of steps S.
  We exhibit a large family of sets S for which the generating function of
walks on the slit plane is algebraic, and another family for which it is
neither algebraic, nor even D-finite. These examples give a hint at where the
border between algebraicity and transcendence lies, and calls for a complete
classification of the sets S.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74958 </DOCNO>
Calculation of Reggeon Vertices in QCD


  The method of calculation of effective vertices of interaction of the
Reggeized gluon and quark with particles in QCD in the next-to-leading order is
developed. The method is demonstrated in the case of already known vertices of
both gluon-gluon and quark-quark transitions in the scattering of gluons and
quarks on the Reggeized gluon. It is used for the calculation of the
gluon-quark transition in the scattering on the Reggeized quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5964 </DOCNO>
Ab initio Calculations of Multilayer Relaxations of Stepped Cu Surfaces


  We present trends in the multilayer relaxations of several vicinals of
Cu(100) and Cu(111) of varying terrace widths and geometry. The electronic
structure calculations are based on density functional theory in the local
density approximation with norm-conserving, non-local pseudopotentials in the
mixed basis representation. While relaxations continue for several layers, the
major effect concentrates near the step and corner atoms. On all surfaces the
step atoms contract inwards, in agreement with experimental findings.
Additionally, the corner atoms move outwards and the atoms in the adjacent
chain undergo large inward relaxation. Correspondingly, the largest contraction
(4%) is in the bond length between the step atom and its bulk nearest neighbor
(BNN), while that between the corner atom and BNN is somewhat enlarged. The
surface atoms also display changes in registry of upto 1.5%. Our results are in
general in good agreement with LEED data including the controversial case of
Cu(511). Subtle differences are found with results obtained from semi-empirical
potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2777 </DOCNO>
1/f Noise and Extreme Value Statistics


  We study the finite-size scaling of the roughness of signals in systems
displaying Gaussian 1/f power spectra. It is found that one of the extreme
value distributions (Gumbel distribution) emerges as the scaling function when
the boundary conditions are periodic. We provide a realistic example of
periodic 1/f noise, and demonstrate by simulations that the Gumbel distribution
is a good approximation for the case of nonperiodic boundary conditions as
well. Experiments on voltage fluctuations in GaAs films are analyzed and
excellent agreement is found with the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74387 </DOCNO>
Jets signal for Higgs particle detection at LHC


  A method using jets is investigated for detecting the Higgs boson at LHC in
the mass range about 114 \GeVc2, suggested by LEP experiments. Higgs bosons are
produced in association with a $t \bar{t}$ pair, and both t and $\bar{t}$
decay semileptonically to reduce the QCD background. After appropriate cuts,
the signal is compared with the main background, $t \bar{t} + 2$ jets. This
estimate, using a reasonable approximation for the dominant background $t\bar
{t}gg$, suggests a $5.1\sigma$ effect. This method is seen to be complimentary
to the two gamma signal. The $t\bar{t}Z$ channel, with Z decaying to $l^+
l^-$, may be used to reduce theoretical uncertainties in determining the $t
\bar{t}H$ signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73344 </DOCNO>
Derivative expansions of the non-equilibrium effective action


  New techniques for evaluating the closed time path action for non-equilibrium
quantum fields are presented. A derivative expansion is performed using a
proper time kernel. Applications relevant to the scalar field theory of warm
inflation are discussed and dissipation terms resummed. The effective action of
the electromagnetic field is also considered. In this case the leading term can
be related to the conductivity of a plasma and has a simple interpretation in
terms of the classical Drude theory of conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2903 </DOCNO>
Nature of the Spin-glass State in the Three-dimensional Gauge Glass


  We present results from simulations of the gauge glass model in three
dimensions using the parallel tempering Monte Carlo technique. Critical
fluctuations should not affect the data since we equilibrate down to low
temperatures, for moderate sizes. Our results are qualitatively consistent with
earlier work on the three and four dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin
glass. We find that large scale excitations cost only a finite amount of energy
in the thermodynamic limit, and that those excitations have a surface whose
fractal dimension is less than the space dimension, consistent with a scenario
proposed by Krzakala and Martin, and Palassini and Young.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113680 </DOCNO>
Causality Principle


  We advance a famous principle - causality principle - but under a new view.
This principle is a principium automatically leading to most fundamental laws
of the nature. It is the inner origin of variation, rules evolutionary
processes of things, and the answer of the quest for ultimate theories of the
Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7242 </DOCNO>
Integrable chain models with staggered R-matrices


  The technique of construction on Manhattan lattice (ML) the fermionic action
for Integrable models is presented. The Sign-Factor of 3D Ising model (SF of
3DIM) and Chalker-Coddington-s phenomenological model (CCM) for the edge
excitations in Hall effect are formulated in this way. The second one
demonstrates the necessity to consider the inhomogeneous models with staggered
R-matrices. The disorder over the U(1) phases is taken into account and
staggered Hubbard type of model is obtained. The technique is developed to
construct the integrable models with staggered R-matrices. The disorder over
the U(1) phases is taken into account and staggered Hubbard type of model is
obtained. The technique is developed to construct the integrable models with
staggered disposition of R-matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128976 </DOCNO>
The K20 survey. I. Disentangling old and dusty star-forming galaxies in


  We present the results of VLT optical spectroscopy of a complete sample of 78
EROs with R-Ks\geq5 over a field of 52 arcmin^2. About 70% of the 45 EROs with
Ks\leq19.2 have been spectroscopically identified with old passively evolving
and dusty star-forming galaxies at 0.7<z<1.5. The two classes are about equally
populated and for each of them we present and discuss the average spectrum.
  From the old ERO average spectrum and for Z=Z_{\odot} we derive a minimum age
of \sim 3 Gyr, corresponding to a formation redshift of z_f \gtsima 2.4. PLE
models with such formation redshifts well reproduce the density of old EROs
(consistent with being passively evolving ellipticals), whereas the predictions
of the current hierarchical merging models are lower than the observed
densities by large factors (up to an order of magnitude). From the average
spectrum of the star-forming EROs we estimate a substantial dust extinction
with E(B-V) \gtsima 0.5. The star formation rates, corrected for the average
reddening, suggest a significant contribution from EROs to the cosmic
star-formation density at z \sim 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97302 </DOCNO>
Enumerative Real Algebraic Geometry


  Enumerative Geometry is concerned with the number of solutions to a
structured system of polynomial equations, when the structure comes from
geometry. Enumerative real algebraic geometry studies real solutions to such
systems, particularly a priori information on their number. Recent results in
this area have, often as not, uncovered new and unexpected phenomena, and it is
far from clear what to expect in general. Nevertheless, some themes are
emerging.
  This comprehensive article describe the current state of knowledge,
indicating these themes, and suggests lines of future research. In particular,
it compares the state of knowledge in Enumerative Real Algebraic Geometry with
what is known about real solutions to systems of sparse polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169438 </DOCNO>
Polynomial Lie algebra methods in solving the second-harmonic generation


  We compare exact and SU(2)-cluster approximate calculation schemes to
determine dynamics of the second-harmonic generation model using its
reformulation in terms of a polynomial Lie algebra $su_{pd}(2)$ and related
spectral representations of the model evolution operator realized in
algorithmic forms. It enabled us to implement computer experiments exhibiting a
satisfactory accuracy of the cluster approximations in a large range of
characteristic model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86096 </DOCNO>
Gravitational waves from relativistic rotational core collapse


  We present results from simulations of axisymmetric relativistic rotational
core collapse. The general relativistic hydrodynamic equations are formulated
in flux-conservative form and solved using a high-resolution shock-capturing
scheme. The Einstein equations are approximated with a conformally flat
3-metric. We use the quadrupole formula to extract waveforms of the
gravitational radiation emitted during the collapse. A comparison of our
results with those of Newtonian simulations shows that the wave amplitudes
agree within 30%. Surprisingly, in some cases, relativistic effects actually
diminish the amplitude of the gravitational wave signal. We further find that
the parameter range of models suffering multiple coherent bounces due to
centrifugal forces is considerably smaller than in Newtonian simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127640 </DOCNO>
BVRI Surface Photometry of (S+S) Binary Galaxies. I. The data


  We present multicolour broad band ($BVRI$) photometry for a sample of 33
spiral-spiral (S+S) binary galaxies drawn from the Karachentsev Catalogue of
Isolated Pairs of Galaxies (KPG). The data is part of a joint observational
programme devoted to systematic photometric study of one of the most complete
and homogeneous pair samples available in the literature. We present
azimuthally averaged colour and surface brightness profiles, colour index (B-I)
maps, B band and sharp/filtered B band images as well as integrated magnitudes,
magnitudes at different circular apertures and integrated colours for each
pair. Internal and external data comparisons show consistency within the
estimated errors. Two thirds of the sample have total aperture parameters
homogeneously derived for the first time. After reevaluating morphology for all
the pairs, we find a change in Hubble type for 24 galaxies compared to the
original POSS classifications. More than half of our pairs show morphological
concordance which could explain, in part, the strong correlation in the (B-V)
colour indices (Holmberg Effect) between pair components. We find a tendency
for barred galaxies to show grand design morphologies and flat colour profiles.
The measurements will be used in a series of forthcoming papers where we try to
identify and isolate the main structural and photometric properties of disk
galaxies at different stages of interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97943 </DOCNO>
Faithful representations of SL(2) over truncated Witt vectors


  Let G be the six dimensional linear algebraic k-group SL_2(W_2), where W_2 is
the ring of Witt vectors of length two over the algebraically closed field k of
characteristic p>2. Then the minimal dimension of a faithful rational
k-representation of G is p+3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73325 </DOCNO>
N^* electroproduction amplitudes in a model with dynamical confinement


  The Roper resonance is described in a chiral version of the chromodielectric
model as a cluster of three quarks in radial-orbital configuration
(1s)$^2$(2s)$^1$, surrounded by $\pi$ and $\sigma$-meson clouds and by a
chromodielectric field which assures quark dynamical confinement. Radial
profiles for all fields are determined self-consistently for each baryon.
Transverse $A_{1/2}$ and scalar $S_{1/2}$ helicity amplitudes for the
nucleon-Roper transition are calculated. The contribution of glueball and
$\sigma$-meson vibrations is estimated; although small for N(1440), the
$\sigma$ contribution can be large for N(1710).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97759 </DOCNO>
The Essence of Intuitive Set Theory


  Intuitive Set Theory (IST) is defined as the theory we get, when we add Axiom
of Monotonicity and Axiom of Fusion to Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. In IST,
Continuum Hypothesis is a theorem, Axiom of Choice is a theorem, Skolem paradox
does not appear, nonLebesgue measurable sets are not possible, and the unit
interval splits into a set of infinitesimals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148623 </DOCNO>
Discrete Kaluza-Klein from scalar fluctuations in noncommutative


  We compute the metric associated to noncommutative spaces described by a
tensor product of spectral triples. Well known results of the two-sheets model
(distance on a sheet, distance between the sheets) are extended to any product
of two spectral triples. The distance between different points on different
fibres is investigated. When one of the triple describes a manifold, one find a
Pythagorean theorem as soon as the direct sum of the internal states (viewed as
projections) commutes with the internal Dirac operator. Scalar fluctuations
yield a discrete Kaluza-Klein model in which the extra metric component is
given by the internal part of the geometry. In the standard model, this extra
component comes from the Higgs field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125437 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton Observations of Galaxy Clusters: The Radial Temperature


  XMM-Newton, with its high throughput and excellent spatial and spectral
resolution, is an ideal instrument for spectro-imaging observation of clusters.
Presented here is an XMM-Newton mosaic observation of A2163, from which a new
radial temperature profile is derived. The issue of background subtraction is
addressed in some detail as a proper treatment of the background is essential
for the derivation of correct temperatures, and thus, of the correct total
cluster mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113690 </DOCNO>
The propagation of light and sound in moving systems


  There is no aberration of terrestrial sources, because the lightvector has an
inertial component. A new analysis of the Michelson Morley experiment shows:
Light propagates anisotropically relative to a moving system, dependent on the
velocity and the angle between the velocity and the direction of motion. The
two way (back and forth) velocity is isotropic, but also dependent on the
velocity of the frame. There is no Lorentz contraction. - A real ultrasonic
experiment shows: Also the propagation of sound follows the given general
conical section equation and an acoustical Michelson Morley experiment gives
the same zero result as the optical experiment in contrast to the school of
thought. - The theory of relativity is incorrect and the existence of a
luminiferous ether as a propagation medium and an absolute frame of reference
is again obvious.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4317 </DOCNO>
Soft versus Hard Dynamics for Field-driven Solid-on-Solid Interfaces


  Analytical arguments and dynamic Monte Carlo simulations show that the
microstructure of field-driven Solid-on-Solid interfaces depends strongly on
the dynamics. For nonconservative dynamics with transition rates that factorize
into parts dependent only on the changes in interaction energy and field
energy, respectively (soft dynamics), the intrinsic interface width is
field-independent. For non-factorizing rates, such as the standard Glauber and
Metropolis algorithms (hard dynamics), it increases with the field.
Consequences for the interface velocity and its anisotropy are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 166 </DOCNO>
Imperfect nesting and Peierls instability for a two-dimensional


  Based on a half-filled two-dimensional tight-binding model with
nearest-neighbour and next nearest-neighbour hopping the effect of imperfect
Fermi surface nesting on the Peierls instability is studied at zero
temperature. Two dimerization patterns corresponding to a phonon vector $(\pi,
\pi)$ are considered. It is found that the Peierls instability will be
suppressed with an increase of next nearest-neighbour hopping which
characterizes the nesting deviation. First and second order transitions to a
homogeneous state are possible. The competition between the two dimerized
states is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123973 </DOCNO>
A dusty torus around the luminous young star LkHa 101


  A star forms when a cloud of dust and gas collapses. It is generally believed
that this collapse first produces a flattened rotating disk, through which
matter is fed onto the embryonic star at the center of the disk. When the
temperature and density at the center of the star pass a critical threshold,
thermonuclear fusion begins. The remaining disk, which can still contain up to
0.3 times the mass of the star, is then sculpted and eventually dissipated by
the radiation and wind from the newborn star. Unfortunately this picture of the
structure and evolution of the disk remains speculative because of the lack of
morphological data of sufficient resolution and uncertainties regarding the
underlying physical processes. Here we present resolved images of a young star,
LkHa 101 in which the structure of the inner accretion disk is resolved. We
find that the disk is almost face-on, with a central gap (or cavity) and a hot
inner edge. The cavity is bigger than previous theoretical predictions, and we
infer that the position of the inner edge is probably determined by sublimation
of dust grains by direct stellar radiation, rather than by disk reprocessing or
the viscous heating processes as usually assumed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6032 </DOCNO>
Shake-up and shake-off excitations with associated electron losses in


  Photoionisation of an atom by X-rays usually removes an inner-shell electron
from the atom, leaving behind a perturbed "hollow ion" whose relaxation may
take different routes. In light elements, emission of an Auger electron is
common. However, the energy and the total number of electrons released from the
atom may be modulated by shake-up and shake-off effects. When the inner-shell
electron leaves, the outer-shell electrons may find themselves in a state that
is not an eigen-state of the atom in its surroundings. The resulting collective
excitation is called shake-up. If this process also involves the release of low
energy electrons from the outer shell, then the process is called shake-off. It
is not clear how significant shake-up and shake-off contributions are to the
overall ionisation of biological materials like proteins. In particular, the
interaction between the out-going electron and the remaining system depends on
the chemical environment of the atom, which can be studied by quantum chemical
methods. Here we present calculations on model compounds to represent the most
common chemical environments in proteins. The results show that the shake-up
and shake-off processes affect about 20% of all emissions from nitrogen, 30%
from carbon, 40% from oxygen, and 23% from sulphur. Triple and higher
ionisations are rare for carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, but are frequent for
sulphur. The findings are relevant to the design of biological experiments at
emerging X-ray free-electron lasers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124574 </DOCNO>
Disk/corona model of the mean spectra of radio-quiet and radio-loud QSO


  We test the disk/corona model of Janiuk et al. (2000) against the composite
mean optical/UV/soft X-ray spectrum of radio loud and radio quiet quasars from
Laor et al. (1997) which applies to faint quasars. The model well represents
the optical/UV continuum if the hardening of the locally emitted spectrum is
included, with the color to effective temperature ratio $f \sim 2$ in the inner
20-30 Schwarzschild radii. Comptonization seen in the soft X-ray band is well
explained by the adopted corona model in the case of radio loud objects.
However, this Comptonization is much stronger in radio quiet objects and
additional ad hoc assumed Comptonizing medium must be present. We speculate
that perhaps in both types of quasars there is a strong outflow of the hot
plasma; this plasma is collimated in radio loud objects but not collimated in
the radio quiet objects so it is present along the line of sight, serving as
the required Comptonizing medium. Hard X-ray power law is not explained by the
model and it may come from non-thermal component of electron plasma, as it is
the case for galactic black holes in their soft states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3914 </DOCNO>
Self-organized branching process for a one-dimensional ricepile model


  A self-organized branching process is introduced to describe one-dimensional
ricepile model with stochastic topplings. Although the branching processes are
generally supposed to describe well the systems in high dimension, our
modification grasps some of the peculiarities present in one dimension. We find
analytically the crossover behavior from the trivial one-dimensional BTW
behavior to self-organized criticality characterized by power-law distribution
of avalanches. The finite-size effects, which are crucial in the crossover, are
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99142 </DOCNO>
Poisson Geometry in Constrained Systems


  Constrained Hamiltonian systems fall into the realm of presymplectic
geometry. We show, however, that also Poisson geometry is of use in this
context.
  For the case that the constraints form a closed algebra, there are two
natural Poisson manifolds associated to the system, forming a symplectic dual
pair with respect to the original, unconstrained phase space. We provide
sufficient conditions so that the reduced phase space of the constrained system
may be identified with a symplectic leaf in one of those. In the second class
case the original constrained system may be reformulated equivalently as an
abelian first class system in an extended phase space by these methods.
  Inspired by the relation of the Dirac bracket of a general second class
constrained system to the original unconstrained phase space, we address the
question of whether a regular Poisson manifold permits a leafwise symplectic
embedding into a symplectic manifold. Necessary and sufficient for this is the
vanishing of the characteristic form-class of the Poisson tensor, a certain
element of the third relative cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73486 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constraints on an Invisibly Decaying Higgs Boson


  Working in the context of a proposal for collisional dark matter, we derive
bounds on the Higgs boson coupling $g^{\prime}$ to a stable light scalar
particle, which we refer to as phion ($\phi$), required to solve problems with
small scale structure formation which arise in collisionless dark matter
models. We discuss the behaviour of the phion in the early universe for
different ranges of its mass. We find that a phion in the mass range of 100 MeV
is excluded and that a phion in the mass range of 1 GeV requires a large
coupling constant, $g^{\prime} \gsim 2$, and $m_h \lsim 130$ GeV in order to
avoid overabundance, in which case the invisible decay mode of the Higgs boson
would be dominant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126853 </DOCNO>
Mass Determinations of Star Clusters


  Mass determinations are difficult to obtain and still frequently
characterised by deceptively large uncertainties. We review below the various
mass estimators used for star clusters of all ages and luminosities. We
highlight a few recent results related to (i) very massive old star clusters,
(ii) the differences and similarities between star clusters and cores of dwarf
elliptical galaxies, and (iii) the possible strong biases on mass determination
induced by tidal effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2208 </DOCNO>
Effects of site dilution on the magnetic properties of geometrically


  The effect of site dilution by non magnetic impurities on the susceptibility
of geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets (kagome and pyrochlore lattices)
is discussed in the framework of the Generalized Constant Coupling model, for
both classical and quantum Heisenberg spins. For the classical diluted
pyrochlore lattice, excellent agreement is found when compared with Monte Carlo
data. Results for the quantum case are also presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73906 </DOCNO>
Large-N_c Quark Distributions in the Delta and Chiral Logarithms in


  In a world with two quark flavors and a large number of colors (N_c), the
polarized and unpolarized quark distributions in the delta are completely
determined by those in the nucleon up to {\cal O}(1/N_c). In particular, we
find q_{\Delta}(x) =[(1\pm 2T_z)u_N(x)+ (1\mp 2T_z)d_N(x)]/2 and \Delta
q_\Delta(x) =[(5\pm 2T_z)\Delta u_N(x) + (5\mp 2T_z)\Delta d_N(x)]/10, where q
= u, d and $T_z$ the charge state of a delta. The result can be used to
estimate the leading chiral-logarithmic corrections to the quark distributions
in the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 278 </DOCNO>
Solution of a class of one-dimensional reaction-diffusion models in


  We study a one-dimensional class of reaction-diffusion models on a
 $10-$parameters manifold. The equations of motion of the correlation functions
close on this manifold. We compute exactly the long-time behaviour of the
density and correlation functions for
 {\it quenched} disordered systems. The {\it quenched} disorder consists of
disconnected domains of reaction. We first consider the case where the disorder
comprizes a superposition, with different probabilistic weights, of finite
segments, with {\it periodic boundary conditions}. We then pass to the case of
finite segments with {\it open boundary conditions}: we solve the ordered
dynamics on a open lattice with help of the Dynamical Matrix Ansatz (DMA) and
investigate further its disordered version.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74818 </DOCNO>
A description of the neutralino observables in terms of projectors


  Applying Jarlskog's treatment of the CKM matrix, to the neutralino mass
matrix in MSSM for real soft gaugino SUSY breaking and $\mu$-parameters, we
construct explicit analytical expressions for the four projectors which acting
on any neutralino state project out the mass eigenstates. Analytical
expressions for the neutralino mass eigenvalues in terms of the various SUSY
parameters, are also given. It is shown that these projectors and mass
eigenvalues are sufficient to describe any physical observable involving
neutralinos, to any order of perturbation theory. As an example, the $e^-e^+
\to \tilde \chi^0_i \tilde \chi^0_j $ cross section at tree level is given in
terms of these projectors. The expected magnitude of their various matrix
elements in plausible SUSY scenarios is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125007 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Lithium-Beryllium-Boron and Oxygen in the early Galaxy


  Oxygen is a much better evolutionary index than iron to describe the history
of Lithium-Beryllium-Boron (LiBeB) since it is the main producer of these light
elements at least in the early Galaxy. The O-Fe relation is crucial to the
determination of the exact physical process responsible for the LiBeB
production. At low metallicity, if [O/Fe] vs [Fe/H] is flat, then the
production mode is independent of the interstellar metallicity, BeB is
proportional to oxygen, i.e. is of primary nature. If not, the production mode
is function of the progressive enrichment in O of the interstellar medium, BeB
varies rather as the square of O, i.e. is of secondary nature. In the first
case, fast nuclei enriched into He, C and O injected by supernovae and
accelerated in surrounding superbubbles would explain the primary trend.
  In the second case, the main spallative agent would be the standard galactic
cosmic rays. Calculated nucleosynthetic yields of massive stars, estimates of
the energy cost of production of beryllium nuclei, and above all recent
observations reported in this meeting seem to favor the primary mechanism, at
least in the early Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126155 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Winds of Galactic Centre and the Low Accretion Rate of Sgr


  An attempt is made to reconcile the large wind-loss rates of stars in the
Galactic Centre (GC) with the predicted low accretion rate for Sgr A*, the
putative blackhole at the heart of the Milky Way. It is found that, independent
of the details of the accretion, the bound but unaccreted gas has been
accumulating in the potential well of Sgr A* for <1000 yrs and thus is not in
equilibrium. Otherwise, the gas flows of the region would be visible in both
the IR and X-ray. It appears that the blackhole was more active in the recent
past due to the passing of a supernova blast shock but is presently in a
short-lived dormant phase. The extended low frequency radio emission from the
central parsec should visibily increase over the next few decades, as the shock
passes completely in front of the absorbing gas and dust near Sgr A*. The GC
may become more active in < 100,000 yrs due to either another supernova or
sufficient accumulation of stellar winds in the central arcsecond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2058 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and the spontaneous breakdown of PT symmetry


  The appearances of complex eigenvalues in the spectra of PT-symmetric
quantum-mechanical systems are usually associated with a spontaneous breaking
of PT. In this letter we discuss a family of models for which this phenomenon
is also linked with an explicit breaking of supersymmetry. Exact
level-crossings are located, and connections with N-fold supersymmetry and
quasi-exact solvability in certain special cases are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127259 </DOCNO>
Phenomemology of a Realistic Accelerating Universe Using Tracker Fields


  We present a realistic scenario of tracking of scalar fields with varying
equation of state. The astrophysical constraints on the evolution of scalar
fields in the physical universe are discussed. The nucleosynthesis and the
galaxy formation constraints have been used to put limits on $\Omega_\phi$ and
estimate $\epsilon$ during cosmic evolution. Interpolation techniques have been
applied to estimate $\epsilon\simeq0.772$ at the present epoch. The epoch of
transition from matter to quintessence dominated era and consequent onset of
acceleration in cosmic expansion is calculated and taking the lower limit
$\Omega_n^0 = 0.2$ as estimated from $SN_e I_a$ data, it is shown that the
supernova observations beyond redshift $z=1$ would reveal deceleration in
cosmic expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76954 </DOCNO>
Realistic Anomaly Mediation with Bulk Gauge Fields


  We present a simple general framework for realistic models of supersymmetry
breaking driven by anomaly mediation. We consider a 5-dimensional "brane
universe" where the visible and hidden sectors are localized on different
branes, and the standard model gauge bosons propagate in the bulk. In this
framework there can be charged scalar messengers that have contact interactions
with the hidden sector, either localized in the hidden sector or in the bulk.
These scalars obtain soft masses that feed into visible sector scalar masses at
two loop order via bulk gauge interactions. This contribution is automatically
flavor-blind, and can be naturally positive. If the messengers are in the bulk
this contribution is automatically the same order of magnitude as the anomaly
mediated contribution, independent of the brane spacing. If the messengers are
localized to a brane the two effects are of the same order for relatively small
brane spacings. The gaugino masses and A terms are determined completely by
anomaly mediation. In order for anomaly mediation to dominate over radion
mediation the radion must be is stabilized in a manner that preserves
supersymmetry, with supergravity effects included. We show that this occurs in
simple models. We also show that the mu problem can be solved by the vacuum
expectation value of a singlet in this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97495 </DOCNO>
The classification of double planes of general type with $K^2=8$ and


  We study minimal {\em double planes} of general type with $K^2=8$ and
$p_g=0$, namely pairs $(S,\sigma)$, where $S$ is a minimal complex algebraic
surface of general type with $K^2=8$ and $p_g=0$ and $\sigma$ is an
automorphism of $S$ of order 2 such that the quotient $S/\sigma$ is a rational
surface. We prove that $S$ is a free quotient $(F\times C)/G$, where $C$ is a
curve, $F$ is an hyperelliptic curve, $G$ is a finite group that acts
faithfully on $F$ and $C$, and $\sigma$ is induced by the automorphism
$\tau\times Id$ of $F\times C$, $\tau$ being the hyperelliptic involution of
$F$. We describe all the $F$, $C$ and $G$ that occur: in this way we obtain 5
families of surfaces with $p_g=0$ and $K^2=8$, of which we believe only one was
previously known.
  Using our classification we are able to give an alternative description of
these surfaces as double covers of the plane, thus recovering a construction
proposed by Du Val. In addition we study the geometry of the subset of the
moduli space of surfaces of general type with $p_g=0$ and $K^2=8$ that admit a
double plane structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97531 </DOCNO>
A counterpart of the Verlinde algebra for the small quantum group


  Let $\bar{Pr}$ denote the ideal spanned by the characters of projective
modules in the Grothendieck ring of the category of finite dimensional modules
over the small quantum group $u_l$. We show that $\bar{Pr}$ admits a
description completely parallel to that of the Verlinde algebra of the fusion
category, restricted over $u_l$, with the character of the Steinberg module
playing the role of the identity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5754 </DOCNO>
Vortex fluctuations in superconducting La-Sr-Cu-O


  Vortex fluctuations in the $La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4+\delta}$ system have been
studied as a function of magnetic field, temperature and carrier concentration
in order to determine the dimensionality of the fluctuations. For a $x=0.10$
sample, there is a unique crossing-temperature on the magnetization vs.
temperature plots for all magnetic fields up to 7 T, and the data scale very
well with 2D fluctuation theory. At lower x-values where $H_{c2}$ is much
smaller, there are two well defined crossing points, one at low fields
(typically less than 1 T) and another at high fields (typically 3-7 T). A fit
of the data to fluctuation theory shows that the low field crossing data scale
as 2D fluctuations and the high field crossing data scale as 3D fluctuations.
It would appear that as the magnetic field approaches $H_{c2}$, there is a 2D
to 3D cross-over where the low field 2D pancake vortex structure transforms
into a 3D vortex structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75609 </DOCNO>
$D^*D\pi$ form factor revisited


  The $D^*D\pi$ form factor is evaluated in a QCD sum rule calculation for both
$D$ and $\pi$ off-shell mesons. We study the Borel sum rule for the three-point
function of one pseudoscalar, one axial and one vector meson currents. We find
that the momentum dependence of the form factors is very different if the $D$
or the $\pi$ meson is off-shell, but they lead to the same coupling constant in
the $D^*D\pi$ vertex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123348 </DOCNO>
Small Scale Fluctuations of the Microwave Background in the Quasi-Steady


  In this paper we show that, within the framework of the QSSC, the small scale
deviations on angular scales $\lesssim 1^{0}$ expected in the MBR are due to
inhomogeneities in the distribution of galaxies and clusters. It is shown how
these can be estimated on the galaxy-cluster-supercluster scale at the epoch of
redshift $\sim 5$ when the universe was last passing through the minimum phase
of the scale factor. Rich clusters on the scale of 5-10 Mpc generate the kind
of peak in the fluctuation power spectrum observed by the Boomrang and Maxima
projects. Weaker inhomogeneities on smaller scales with $l~\sim 10^3$ are
expected to arise from individual galaxies and small groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76714 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Massive Vector Condensation


  At sufficiently high chemical potential massive relativistic spin one fields
condense. This phenomenon leads to the spontaneous breaking of rotational
invariance while linking it to the breaking of internal symmetries. We study
the relevant features of the phase transition and the properties of the
generated Goldstone excitations. The interplay between the internal symmetry of
the vector fields and their Lorentz properties is studied. We predict that new
phases set in when vectors condense in Quantum Chromodynamics like theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41116 </DOCNO>
Determination of the bottom quark mass from the $\Upsilon(1S)$ system


  We approximately compute the normalization constant of the first infrared
renormalon of the pole mass (and the singlet static potential). Estimates of
higher order terms in the perturbative relation between the pole mass and the
$\MS$ mass (and in the relation between the singlet static potential and
$\alpha_s$) are given. We define a matching scheme (the renormalon subtracted
scheme) between QCD and any effective field theory with heavy quarks where,
besides the usual perturbative matching, the first renormalon in the Borel
plane of the pole mass is subtracted. A determination of the bottom $\MS$ quark
mass from the $\Upsilon(1S)$ system is performed with this new scheme and the
errors studied. Our result reads $m_{b,\MS}(m_{b,\MS})=4 210^{+90}_{-90}({\rm
theory})^{-25}_{+25}(\alpha_s)$ MeV. Using the mass difference between the $B$
and $D$ meson, we also obtain a value for the charm quark mass:
$m_{c,\MS}(m_{c,\MS})=1 210^{+70}_{-70}({\rm
theory})^{+65}_{-65}(m_{b,\MS})^{-45}_{+45}(\lambda_1)$ MeV. We finally discuss
upon eventual improvements of these determinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128098 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Observations of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4636 with the


  We present the first high spectral resolution X-ray observation of the giant
elliptical galaxy NGC 4636, obtained with the Reflection Grating Spectrometer
on-board the XMM-Newton Observatory. The resulting spectrum contains a wealth
of emission lines from various charge states of oxygen, neon, magnesium, and
iron. Examination of the cross-dispersion profiles of several of these lines
provides clear, unambiguous evidence of resonance scattering by the highest
oscillator strength lines, as well as a weak temperature gradient in the inner
regions of the interstellar medium. We invoke a sophisticated new Monte Carlo
technique which allows us to properly account for these effects in performing
quantitative fits to the spectrum. Our spectral fits are not subject to many of
the systematics that have plagued earlier investigations. The derived metal
abundances are higher than have been inferred from prior, lower spectral
resolution observations of this source (Awaki et al. 1994), but are still
incompatible with conventional chemical enrichment models of elliptical
galaxies. In addition, our data are incompatible with standard cooling flow
models for this system - our derived upper limit to the mass deposition rate is
below the predicted value by a factor of 3--5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149719 </DOCNO>
Duality Transformations and temperature inversion symmetry


  We argue that the temperature inversion symmetry present in the original
Casimir setup and also in other Casimir systems for which symmetrical boundary
conditions are imposed is not related to the duality transformations that in
the context defined in Ref. [1] are transformations relating spatial extension
and temperature, and pressure and energy density. We provide an example of a
Casimir system for which in principle there is no temperature inversion
symmetry but nevertheless these duality transformations can be found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123644 </DOCNO>
The temperature-mass relation in magnetized galaxy clusters


  We use cosmological, magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy clusters to
quantify the dynamical importance of magnetic fields in these clusters. The
set-up of initial magnetic field strengths at high redshifts is chosen such
that observed Faraday-rotation measurements in low-redshift clusters are well
reproduced in the simulations. We compute the radial profiles of the
intracluster gas temperature and of the thermal and magnetic pressure in a set
of clusters simulated in the framework of an Einstein-de Sitter and a
low-density, spatially-flat CDM cosmological model. We find that, for a
realistic range of initial magnetic field strengths, the temperature of the
intracluster gas changes by less than $\approx5%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125326 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Circumnuclear Disk in 1946+708


  A number of extragalactic radio sources which exhibit symmetric jets on
parsec scales have now been found to have neutral hydrogen absorption at or
near the systemic velocities of their host galaxies. Understanding the spatial
distribution and kinematics of the HI detected toward the central parsecs of
these sources provides an important test of unified schemes for AGN.
  We present results of Global VLBI Network observations of the redshifted 21
cm HI line toward the Compact Symmetric Object 1946+708 (z=0.101). We find
significant structure in the gas on parsec scales. The peak column density of
the HI (N_HI~3x10^23 cm^-2(Ts/8000K)) occurs near the center of activity of the
source, as does the highest velocity dispersion (FWHM 350 to 400 km/s). There
is also good evidence for a torus of ionized gas with column density 7x10^22
cm^-2}. The jets in 1946+708 exhibit bi-directional motion measurable on
timescales of a few years. The resulting unique information about the geometry
of the continuum source greatly assists in the interpretation of the gas
distribution, which is strongly suggestive of a circumnuclear torus of neutral
atomic and ionized material with one or more additional compact clumps of gas
along the line of sight to the approaching jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86813 </DOCNO>
Charged perfect fluid and scalar field coupled to gravity


  Charged perfect fluid with vanishing Lorentz force and massless scalar field
is studied in the case of stationary cylindrically symmetric spacetime. The
scalar field can depend both on radial and longitudinal coordinates. Solutions
are found and classified according to scalar field gradient and magnetic field
relationship. Their physical and geometrical properties are examined and
discussion of particular cases, directly generalizing G\"{o}del-type
spacetimes, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83641 </DOCNO>
Reverse Engineering from Assembler to Formal Specifications via Program


  The FermaT transformation system, based on research carried out over the last
sixteen years at Durham University, De Montfort University and Software
Migrations Ltd., is an industrial-strength formal transformation engine with
many applications in program comprehension and language migration. This paper
is a case study which uses automated plus manually-directed transformations and
abstractions to convert an IBM 370 Assembler code program into a very
high-level abstract specification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73161 </DOCNO>
Coulomb and core/halo corrections to Bose-Einstein n-particle


  We report on a systematic treatment of Coulomb corrections for 3- and
n-particle (Bose-Einstein) correlations, leading to a removal of a 100 %
systematic error from earlier Coulomb corrections of 5-particle Bose-Einstein
correlations in heavy ion collisions. These results are generalized to include
strong final state interactions and core-halo effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168044 </DOCNO>
Quantum Zeno Effect in Trapped Ions


  A "continuous measurement" Quantum Zeno Effect (QZE) in the context of
trapped ions is predicted. We describe the physical system and study its exact
time evolution showing the appearance of Zeno Phenomena. New indicators for the
occurrence of QZE in oscillatory systems are proposed and carefully discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73926 </DOCNO>
On Dynamical Adjustment Mechanisms for the Cosmological Constant


  After recalling why dynamical adjustment mechanisms represent a particularly
attractive possibility for solving the cosmological constant problem, we
briefly discuss their intrinsic difficulties as summarized in Weinberg's no-go
theorem. We then comment on some problems of the recently proposed
`self-tuning' mechanism in 4+1 dimensions. Finally, we describe an alternative
approach which uses the time-evolution of the universe to achieve a dynamical
relaxation of the cosmological constant to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124221 </DOCNO>
Radio Continuum Survey of an Optically-Selected Sample of Nearby Seyfert


  We have used the Very Large Array (VLA) to conduct a survey for radio
continuum emission in the sample of 52 Seyfert nuclei selected from the optical
spectroscopic galaxy catalog of Ho, Filippenko, and Sargent. This Seyfert
sample is the most complete and least biased available, and, as such, it will
be useful for a variety of statistical analyses. Here we present the
observations, measurements, and an atlas of radio maps.
  The observations were made at 6 cm in the B-array and at 20 cm in the
A-array, yielding matched angular resolutions of approximately 1". We detected
44 objects (85%) at 6 cm and 37 objects (71%) at 20 cm above a 3-sigma
threshold of 0.12 mJy/beam. The sources have a wide range of radio powers
(10^{18}-10^{25} W/Hz), spectral indices (+0.5 to -1 between 20 and 6 cm), and
linear sizes (from a few tens pc to 15 kpc). The morphology of the radio
emission is predominantly that of a compact core, either unresolved or slightly
resolved, occasionally accompanied by elongated, jet-like features. Linearly
polarized emission was detected at 6 cm in 12 sources, 9 of which were also
detected at 20 cm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96748 </DOCNO>
Weak asymptotics method


  We present a new method for constructing solutions to nonlinear evolutionary
equations describing the propagation and interaction of nonlinear waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41074 </DOCNO>
Searching for Quark Matter at the CERN SPS


  This article gives a brief overview of some recent advances in our
understanding of the physics of dense strongly interacting matter, from
measurements done at the CERN SPS. The presently available results are very
interesting, and are likely to reflect the production of a new state of matter
in central Pb-Pb collisions, at the highest SPS energies. However, important
questions require further work. Particular emphasis is given to developments
made since the Quark Matter 1999 conference, and to issues that justify the
continuation of the SPS heavy ion physics program beyond year 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2112 </DOCNO>
Surface Core-Level Shifts at an oxygen-rich Ru Surface: O/Ru(0001) vs.


  We present density-functional theory calculations of Ru 3d and O 1s surface
core-level shifts (SCLSs) at an oxygen-rich Ru(0001) surface, namely for the
O(1x1)/Ru(0001) chemisorption phase and for two surface terminations of fully
oxidized RuO_2(110). Including final-state effects, the computed SCLSs can be
employed for the analysis of experimental X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS) data enabling a detailed study of the oxidation behaviour of the Ru(0001)
surface. We show that certain peaks can be used as a fingerprint for the
existence of the various phases and propose that the long disputed satellite
peak in RuO_2(110) XPS data originates from a hitherto unaccounted surface
termination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95958 </DOCNO>
Applications of the Brauer complex: card shuffling, permutation


  By algebraic group theory, there is a map from the semisimple conjugacy
classes of a finite group of Lie type to the conjugacy classes of the Weyl
group. Picking a semisimple class uniformly at random yields a probability
measure on conjugacy classes of the Weyl group. Using the Brauer complex, it is
proved that this measure agrees with a second measure on conjugacy classes of
the Weyl group induced by a construction of Cellini using the affine Weyl
group. Formulas for Cellini's measure in type $A$ are found. This leads to new
models of card shuffling and has interesting combinatorial and number theoretic
consequences. An analysis of type C gives another solution to a problem of
Rogers in dynamical systems: the enumeration of unimodal permutations by cycle
structure. The proof uses the factorization theory of palindromic polynomials
over finite fields. Contact is made with symmetric function theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3410 </DOCNO>
Flow properties of driven-diffusive lattice gases: theory and computer


  We develop n-cluster mean-field theories (0 < n < 5) for calculating the flow
properties of the non-equilibrium steady-states of the Katz-Lebowitz-Spohn
model of the driven diffusive lattice gas, with attractive and repulsive
inter-particle interactions, in both one and two dimensions for arbitrary
particle densities, temperature as well as the driving field. We compare our
theoretical results with the corresponding numerical data we have obtained from
the computer simulations to demonstrate the level of accuracy of our
theoretical predictions. We also compare our results with those for some other
prototype models, notably particle-hopping models of vehicular traffic, to
demonstrate the novel qualitative features we have observed in the
Katz-Lebowitz-Spohn model, emphasizing, in particular, the consequences of
repulsive inter-particle interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97853 </DOCNO>
Weil-Petersson translation distance and volumes of mapping tori


  Given a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold T_\psi that fibers over the circle with
monodromy \psi : S -> S, the monodromy $\psi$ determines an isometry of
Teichmuller space with its Weil-Petersson metric whose translation distance
||\psi||_WP is positive. We show there is a constant K >= 1 depending only on
the topology of S so that the volume of T_\psi satisfies ||\psi||_WP/K <=
vol(T_\psi) <= K ||\psi||_WP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96476 </DOCNO>
Adapted algebras for the Berenstein-Zelevinsky conjecture


  We study algebras on which the Berenstein-Zelevinsky conjecture is true. In
particular, we prove that this conjecture is true "up to localization".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2247 </DOCNO>
Vibrational spectra in glasses


  The findings of X-ray and neutron scattering experiments on amorphous systems
are interpreted within the framework of the theory of Euclidean random
matrices. This allows to take into account the topological nature of the
disorder, a key ingredient which strongly affects the vibrational spectra of
those systems. We present a resummation scheme for a perturbative expansion in
the inverse particle density, allowing an accurate analytical computation of
the dynamical structure factor within the range of densities encountered in
real systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73338 </DOCNO>
Coulomb dissociation of a fast pion into two jets


  We calculate the electromagnetic contribution to the scattering amplitude of
pion diffractive dissociation into di-jets which is described by one photon
exchange. The result shows that the factorization procedure known for the
description of exclusive reactions holds also for this quasi-exclusive process.
We find that the longitudinal momentum distribution of di-jets does not depend
on the form of the pion distribution amplitude. We discuss the magnitude of the
cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127200 </DOCNO>
Interferometric array design: optimizing the locations of the antenna


  The design of an interferometric array should allow optimal instrumental
response regarding all possible source positions, times of integration and
scientific goals. It should also take into account constraints such as
forbidden regions on the ground due to impracticable topography. The complexity
of the problem requires one to proceed by steps. A possible approach is to
first consider a single observation and a single scientific purpose. A new
algorithm is introduced to solve efficiently this particular problem called the
configuration problem. It is based on the computation of pressure forces
related to the discrepancies between the model (as determined by the scientific
purpose) and the actual distribution of Fourier samples. The flexibility and
rapidity of the method are well adapted to the full array design. A software
named APO that can be used for the design of new generation interferometers
such as ALMA and ATA has been developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5537 </DOCNO>
Discrete charge patterns, Coulomb correlations and interactions in


  The effective Coulomb interaction between globular proteins is calculated as
a function of monovalent salt concentration $c_s$, by explicit Molecular
Dynamics simulations of pairs of model proteins in the presence of microscopic
co and counterions. For discrete charge patterns of monovalent sites on the
surface, the resulting osmotic virial coefficient $B_2$ is found to be a
strikingly non-monotonic function of $c_s$. The non-monotonicity follows from a
subtle Coulomb correlation effect which is completely missed by conventional
non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann theory and explains various experimental findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126083 </DOCNO>
HD 80606 b, a planet on an extremely elongated orbit


  We report the detection of a planetary companion orbiting the solar-type star
HD 80606, the brighter component of a wide binary with a projected separation
of about 2000 AU. Using high-signal spectroscopic observations of the two
components of the visual binary, we show that they are nearly identical. The
planet has an orbital period of 111.8 days and a minimum mass of 3.9 M_Jup.
With e=0.927, this planet has the highest orbital eccentricity among the
extrasolar planets detected so far. We finally list several processes this
extreme eccentricity could result from.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113520 </DOCNO>
Strong "quantum" chaos in the global ballooning mode spectrum of


  The spectrum of ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pressure-driven (ballooning)
modes in strongly nonaxisymmetric toroidal systems is difficult to analyze
numerically owing to the singular nature of ideal MHD caused by lack of an
inherent scale length. In this paper, ideal MHD is regularized by using a
$k$-space cutoff, making the ray tracing for the WKB ballooning formalism a
chaotic Hamiltonian billiard problem. The minimum width of the toroidal Fourier
spectrum needed for resolving toroidally localized ballooning modes with a
global eigenvalue code is estimated from the Weyl formula. This
phase-space-volume estimation method is applied to two stellarator cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179455 </DOCNO>
A Role of the Axial Vector Mesons on the Photon Production in Heavy Ion


  A role of the axial vector mesons, such as $K_1$ and $a_1$, on the emitted
photon spectrum in hot hadronic matter is studied through the channels $\pi
\rho \to a_1 \to \pi \gamma$ and $K \rho \to K_1 \to K \gamma$. They are shown
to be dominant channels in this spectrum. This study is carried out with an
effective chiral lagrangian which includes vector and axial-vector mesons and
explains well their relevant decays simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4982 </DOCNO>
Scaling of the buckling transition of ridges in thin sheets


  When a thin elastic sheet crumples, the elastic energy condenses into a
network of folding lines and point vertices. These folds and vertices have
elastic energy densities much greater than the surrounding areas, and most of
the work required to crumple the sheet is consumed in breaking the folding
lines or ``ridges''. To understand crumpling it is then necessary to understand
the strength of ridges. In this work, we consider the buckling of a single
ridge under the action of inward forcing applied at its ends. We demonstrate a
simple scaling relation for the response of the ridge to the force prior to
buckling. We also show that the buckling instability depends only on the ratio
of strain along the ridge to curvature across it. Numerically, we find for a
wide range of boundary conditions that ridges buckle when our forcing has
increased their elastic energy by 20% over their resting state value. We also
observe a correlation between neighbor interactions and the location of initial
buckling. Analytic arguments and numerical simulations are employed to prove
these results. Implications for the strength of ridges as structural elements
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73680 </DOCNO>
Extra dimensions and the strong CP problem


  In higher-dimensional theories such as Brane World models with
quasi-localized non-Abelian gauge fields the vacuum structure turns out to be
trivial. Since the gauge theory behaves at large distances as a
$4+\delta$-dimensional and thus the topology of the infinity is that of of
$S^{3+\delta}$ rather than $S^{3}$, the set of gauge mappings are homotopically
trivial and the CP-violating $\theta$-term vanishes on the brane world-volume.
As well there are no contributions to the $\theta$-term from the
higher-dimensional solitonic configurations. In this way, the strong CP problem
is absent in the models with quasi-localized gluons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85952 </DOCNO>
Gravitating Self-dual Chern-Simons Solitons


  Self-dual solitons of Chern-Simons Higgs theory are examined in curved
spacetime. We derive duality transformation of the Einstein Chern-Simons Higgs
theory within path integral formalism and study various aspects of dual
formulation including derivation of Bogomolnyi type bound. We find all possible
rotationally-symmetric soliton configurations carrying magnetic flux and
angular momentum when underlying spatial manifolds of these objects comprise a
cone, a cylinder, and a two sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3508 </DOCNO>
Optimization of Green-Times at an Isolated Urban Crossroads


  We propose a model for the intersection of two urban streets. The traffic
status of the crossroads is controlled by a set of traffic lights which
periodically switch to red and green with a total period of T. Two different
types of crossroads are discussed. The first one describes the intersection of
two one-way streets, while the second type models the intersection of a two-way
street with an one-way street. We assume that the vehicles approach the
crossroads with constant rates in time which are taken as the model parameters.
We optimize the traffic flow at the crossroads by minimizing the total waiting
time of the vehicles per cycle of the traffic light. This leads to the
determination of the optimum green-time allocated to each phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4578 </DOCNO>
Vacancy-mediated domain growth in a driven lattice gas


  Using Monte Carlo simulations and a mean-field theory, we study domain growth
in a driven lattice gas. Mediated by a single vacancy, two species of particles
(``charges'') unmix, so that a disordered initial configuration develops
charge-segregated domains which grow logarithmically slowly. An order parameter
is defined and shown to satisfy dynamic scaling. Its scaling form is computed
analytically, in excellent agreement with simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1022 </DOCNO>
Plasmon dispersion in dilute 2D electron systems: Quantum-Classical and


  We theoretically calculate the finite wave vector plasmon dispersion in a low
density 2D electron layer taking into account finite temperature, finite layer
width, and local field corrections. We compare our theoretical results with
recent Raman scattering spectroscopic experimental 2D plasmon dispersion data
in GaAs quantum wells at very low carrier densities ($r_s > 10$) and large wave
vectors ($q \ge k_F$). We find good agreement with the experimental data,
providing an explanation for why the experimentally measured dispersion seems
to obey the simple classical long wavelength 2D plasmon dispersion formula. We
also provide a critical discussion on the observable manifestations of the
quantum-classical and the Wigner crystal - electron liquid crossover behavior
in the 2D plasmon properties as a function of electron density and temperature
in GaAs quantum well systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75283 </DOCNO>
RS1, Higher Derivatives and Stability


  We demonstrate the classical stability of the weak/Planck hierarchy within
the Randall-Sundrum scenario, incorporating the Goldberger-Wise mechanism and
higher-derivative interactions in a systematic perturbative expansion. Such
higher-derivative interactions are expected if the RS model is the low-energy
description of some more fundamental theory. Generically, higher derivatives
lead to ill-defined singularities in the vicinity of effective field theory
branes. These are carefully treated by the methods of classical
renormalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74911 </DOCNO>
Gravitomagnetism in Brane-Worlds


  In this paper we discuss a physical observable which is drastically different
in a brane-world scenario. To date, the Randall-Sundrum model seems to be
consistent with all experimental tests of general relativity. Specifically, we
examine the so-called gravitomagnetic effect in the context of the
Randall-Sundrum (RS) model. This treatment, of course, assumes the recovery of
the Kerr metric in brane-worlds which we have found to the first order in the
ratio of the brane separation to the radius of the AdS$_5$, $(\ell/r)$. We
first show that the second Randall-Sundrum model of one brane leaves the
gravitomagnetic effect unchanged. Then, we consider the two-brane scenario of
the original Randall-Sundrum proposal and show that the magnitude of the
gravitomagnetic effect depends heavily on the ratio of $(\ell/r)$. Such
dependence is a result of the geometrodynamic spacetime and does not appear in
static scenarios. We hope that we will be able to test this proposal
experimentally with data from NASA's Gravity Probe B (GP-B)and possibly
disprove either the Randall-Sundrum two-brane scenario or standard general
relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3387 </DOCNO>
Towards the Evaluation of the Relevant Degrees of Freedom in Nonlinear


  We investigate an operator renormalization group method to extract and
describe the relevant degrees of freedom in the evolution of partial
differential equations. The proposed renormalization group approach is
formulated as an analytical method providing the fundamental concepts of a
numerical algorithm applicable to various dynamical systems. We examine
dynamical scaling characteristics in the short-time and the long-time evolution
regime providing only a reduced number of degrees of freedom to the evolution
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73999 </DOCNO>
Density Fluctuations and Primordial Black Hole Formation in Natural


  We investigate the recently proposed natural double inflation model in
supergravity. Chaotic inflation first takes place by virtue of the
Nambu-Goldstone-like shift symmetry. During chaotic inflation, an initial value
of second inflation (new inflation) is set, which is adequately far from the
local maximum of the potential due to the small linear term in the K\"ahler
potential. Then, primordial fluctuations within the present horizon scale may
be produced during both inflations. Primordial fluctuations responsible for
anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background radiation and the large scale
structure are produced during chaotic inflation, while fluctuations on smaller
scales are produced during new inflation. Because of the peculiar nature of new
inflation, they can become as large as $10^{-1}$-$10^{-2}$, which may lead to
the formation of primordial black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179560 </DOCNO>
Statistical Modeling of Nuclear Systematics


  Statistical modeling of data sets by neural-network techniques is offered as
an alternative to traditional semiempirical approaches to global modeling of
nuclear properties. New results are presented to support the position that such
novel techniques can rival conventional theory in predictive power, if not in
economy of description. Examples include the statistical inference of atomic
masses and beta-decay halflives based on the information contained in existing
databases. Neural network modeling, as well as other statistical strategies
based on new algorithms for artificial intelligence, may prove to be a useful
asset in the further exploration of nuclear phenomena far from stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129404 </DOCNO>
Structure of the inner crust of neutron stars: crystal lattice or


  We investigate the inner crust structure of neutron stars using the
Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach with the Coulomb interaction treated beyond the
Wigner-Seitz approximation. Our results suggest that the shell effects
associated with unbound neutrons play an important role and, in particular,
lead to complicated phase transition pattern between various nuclear phases (as
a function of the density). Namely, we show that the relative energies of
different phases are rapidly oscillating functions of the neutron density. In
the semiclassical approach this behavior is explained as an interference effect
due to periodic orbits of similar lengths. We discuss also the dependence of
the shell effects on pairing correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1415 </DOCNO>
Singular Behavior of the Extended Emery Model for High-Tc


  The three band structure of the extended Emery model for the copper-oxide
layered materials is analyzed for all the values of the effective tight-binding
parameters. The model is characterized by the Cu-O site energy splitting, the
Cu-O first neighbor hopping and the O-O second neighbor hopping. For the
sufficiently large O-O hoppings, two bands can come together at one point on
the diagonal of the square Brillouin zone, but they cannot cross. The range of
the parameters for which the band touching occurs is determined. The model
relates the band touching at the bottom of the two bands to the appearance of
the extended, one-dimensional-like van Hove singularity at the lower edge of
the density of states. With 1+\delta holes (\delta small) the extended van Hove
singularity can thus occur close to the Fermi level only if the latter cuts two
bands.The topology of the Fermi surfaces observed by ARPES in the high-Tc
superconductors elliminates such possibility. The Fermi surfaces in LSCO,
Bi1221 and Y123 are than fitted with the one of the three bands at the Fermi
level. The agreement is excellent considering in particular the fact that the
fits use only two parameters. The departure of the measured band structure from
the three band prediction, found on the small energy scales away from the Fermi
level, is attributed to the effects of the fluctuations not included into the
energy scales which define the three band structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148664 </DOCNO>
Curved BPS domain wall solutions in five-dimensional gauged supergravity


  We analyze the possibility of constructing supersymmetric curved domain wall
solutions in five-dimensional ${\cal N}=2$ gauged supergravity, which are
supported by non-constant scalar fields belonging either to vector multiplets
only or to vector and hypermultiplets. We show that the BPS equations for the
warp factor and for the vector scalars are modified by the presence of a
four-dimensional cosmological constant on the domain wall, in agreement with
earlier results by DeWolfe, Freedman, Gubser and Karch. We also show that the
cosmological constant on the domain wall is anti-de Sitter like and that it
constitutes an independent quantity, not related to any of the objects
appearing in the context of very special geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2018 </DOCNO>
The band structure of MgB$_{2}$ with different lattice constants


  We report a detailed study of the electronic structure of the MgB$_{2}$ with
different lattice constants by using the full-potential linearized augmented
plane wave(FPLAPW) method. It is found that the lattice parameters have great
effect on the $\sigma$ band of Boron. Our results indicate that increasing
lattice constant along the {\it c} axis will increase the density of
states(DOS) at the Fermi level, making the $\sigma$ band upward shift, and
increasing hole number in the $\sigma$ band. So, the superconducting transition
temperature T$_{c}$ will be raised correspondingly. Changing the lattice
constant along {\it a} axis has an opposite effect to that of along {\it c}
axis. Our result is in agreement with experiment. A possible way of searching
for higher T$_{c}$ superconductor has been indicated, i.e., making MgB$_{2}$ to
have longer {\it c} axis and shorter {\it a, b} axis by doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5965 </DOCNO>
Phase Diagram of Multilayer Magnetic Structures


  Multilayer "ferromagnet-layered antiferromagnet" (Fe/Cr) structures
frustrated due to the roughness of layer interfaces are studied by numerical
modeling methods. The "thickness-roughness" phase diagrams for the case of
thin ferromagnetic film on the surface of bulk antiferromagnet and for two
ferromagnetic layers separated by an antiferromagnetic interlayer are obtained
and the order parameter distributions for all phases are found. The phase
transitions nature in such systems is considered. The range of applicability
for the "magnetic proximity model" proposed by Slonczewski is evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86540 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Rainbow


  It is shown that unlike Einstein's gravity quadratic gravity produces
dispersive photon propagation. The energy-dependent contribution to the
deflection of photons passing by the Sun is computed and subsequently the angle
at which the visible spectrum would be spread over is plotted as a function of
the $R_{\mu\nu}^2-$sector mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1328 </DOCNO>
"Fuzzy" stochastic resonance: robustness against noise tuning due to non


  We have analyzed the phenomenon of stochastic resonance in a system driven by
non Gaussian noises. We have considered both white and colored noises. In the
latter case we have obtained a consistent Markovian approximation that enables
us to get quasi-analytical results for the signal-to-noise ratio. As the system
departs from Gaussian behavior, our main findings are: an enhancement of the
response together with a notable robustness against noise tuning. These
remarkable findings are supported by extensive numerical simulations. We also
discuss the relation with some experiments in sensory systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95676 </DOCNO>
Time Asymmetric Boundary Conditions and the Definition of Mass and Width


  The definition of mass and width of relativistic resonances and in particular
of the $Z$-boson is discussed. For this we use the theory based on time
asymmetric boundary conditions given by Hardy class spaces ${\mathbf \Phi}_-$
and ${\mathbf \Phi}_+$ for prepared in-states and detected out-states
respectively, rather than time symmetric Hilbert space theory. This Hardy class
boundary condition is a mathematically rigorous form of the singular
Lippmann-Schwinger equation. In addition to the rigorous definition of the
Lippmann-Schwinger kets $|[j,{\mathsf s}]^{\pm}>$ as functionals on the spaces
${\mathbf \Phi}_{\mp}$, one obtains Gamow kets $|[j,{\mathsf s}_R]^- >$ with
complex centre-of-mass energy value ${\mathsf s}_R=(M_R-i\Gamma_R/2)^2$. The
Gamow kets have an exponential time evolution given by
$\exp{(-iM_Rt-\Gamma_Rt/2)}$ which suggests that $(M_R,\Gamma_R)$ is the right
definition of the mass and width of a resonance. This is different from the two
definitions of the $Z$-boson mass and width used in the Particle Data Table and
leads to a numerical value of $M_R=(91.1626\pm 0.0031) {\rm GeV}$ from the
$Z$-boson lineshape data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125743 </DOCNO>
V and R-band Galaxy Luminosity Functions and Low Surface Brightness


  We use 64 square degrees of deep V and R CCD images to measure the local V
and R band luminosity function of galaxies. The V_0<16.7 and R_0<16.2 redshift
samples contain 1250 galaxies and are 98% complete. We apply k-corrections
before the magnitude selection so that the completeness is to the same depth
for all spectral types. The V and R faint end slopes are surprisingly
identical: alpha = -1.07+-0.09. Representative Schechter function parameters
for H_0=100 are: M^*_R = -20.88+-0.09, phi^*_R = 0.016+-0.003 Mpc^-3 and M^*_V
= -20.23+-0.09, phi^*_V = 0.020+-0.003 Mpc^-3. The V and R local luminosity
densities, j_R = (1.9+-0.6)x10^8 and j_V = (2.2+-0.7)x10^8 L_sun, are in
essential agreement with the recent 2dF and SDSS determinations.
  All low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies fall in the large scale structure
delineated by high surface brightness galaxies. The properties and surface
number density of our LSB galaxies are consistent with the LSB galaxy catalog
of O'Neil, Bothun & Cornell, suggesting that our samples are complete for LSB
galaxies to the magnitude limits. We measure colors, surface brightnesses, and
luminosities for our samples, and find strong correlations among these galaxy
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128324 </DOCNO>
The apsidal motion in binary stars


  It is usually accepted to consider an apsidal motion in binary stars as a
direct confirmation that a substance inside stars is not uniformly distributed.
It is shown in this paper that the apsidal motion in binary systems observation
data is in a good agreement with an existence of uniform plasma cores inside
stars if they consist of hydrogen-deuterium-helium mixture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148306 </DOCNO>
(1 + p)-Dimensional Open D(p - 2) Brane Theories


  The dynamics of a Dp brane can be described either by an open string ending
on this brane or by an open D(p - 2) brane ending on the same Dp brane. The
ends of the open string couple to a Dp brane worldvolume gauge field while the
boundary of the open D(p - 2) brane couples to a (p - 2)-form worldvolume
potential whose field strength is Poincare dual to that of the gauge field on
the Dp-brane worldvolume. With this in mind, we find that the Poincare dual of
the fixed rank-2 magnetic field used in defining a (1 + p)-dimensional
noncommutative Yang-Mills (NCYM) gives precisely a near-critical electric field
for the open D(p - 2) brane. We therefore find (1 + p)-dimensional open D(p -
2) brane theories along the same line as for obtaining noncommutative open
string theories (NCOS), OM theory and open Dp brane theories (ODp) from NS5
brane. Similarly, the Poincare dual of the near-critical electric field used in
defining a (1 + p)-dimensional NCOS gives a fixed magnetic-like field. This
field along with the same bulk field scalings defines a (1 + p)-dimensional
noncommutative field theory. In the same spirit, we can have various (1 +
5)-dimensional noncommutative field theories resulting from the existence of
ODp if the description of open D(4 - p) brane ending on the NS5 brane is
insisted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174733 </DOCNO>
Caloric curves and critical behavior in nuclei


  Data from a number of different experimental measurements have been used to
construct caloric curves for five different regions of nuclear mass. These
curves are qualitatively similar and exhibit plateaus at the higher excitation
energies. The limiting temperatures represented by the plateaus decrease with
increasing nuclear mass and are in very good agreement with results of recent
calculations employing either a chiral symmetry model or the Gogny interaction.
This agreement strongly favors a soft equation of state. Evidence is presented
that critical excitation energies and critical temperatures for nuclei can be
determined over a large mass range when the mass variations inherent in many
caloric curve measurements are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86355 </DOCNO>
Inertial control of the mirror suspensions of the VIRGO interferometer


  In order to achieve full detection sensitivity at low frequencies, the
mirrors of interferometric gravitational wave detectors must be isolated from
seismic noise. The VIRGO vibration isolator, called 'superattenuator', is fully
effective at frequencies above 4 Hz. Nevertheless, the residual motion of the
mirror at the mechanical resonant frequencies of the system are too large for
the interferometer locking system and must be damped. A multidimensional
feedback system, using inertial sensors and digital processing, has been
designed for this purpose. An experimental procedure for determining the
feedback control of the system has been defined. In this paper a full
description of the system is given and experimental results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2098 </DOCNO>
Partition functions and symmetric polynomials


  We find a close correspondence between certain partition functions of ideal
quantum gases and certain symmetric polynomials. Due to this correspondence it
can be shown that a number of thermodynamic identities which have recently been
considered are essentially of combinatorical origin and known for a long time
as theorems on symmetric polynomials. For example, a recurrence relation for
partition functions appearing in the textbook of P. Landsberg is nothing else
but Newton's identity in disguised form. Conversely, a certain theorem on
symmetric polynomials translates into a new and unexpected relation between
fermionic and bosonic partition functions, which can be used to express the
former by means of the latter and vice versa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127890 </DOCNO>
Computational aspects of astrophysical MHD and turbulence


  The advantages of high-order finite difference scheme for astrophysical MHD
and turbulence simulations are highlighted. A number of one-dimensional test
cases are presented ranging from various shock tests to Parker-type wind
solutions. Applications to magnetized accretion discs and their associated
outflows are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the possibility of
dynamo action in three-dimensional turbulent convection and shear flows, which
is relevant to stars and astrophysical discs. The generation of large scale
fields is discussed in terms of an inverse magnetic cascade and the
consequences imposed by magnetic helicity conservation are reviewed with
particular emphasis on the issue of alpha-quenching.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96035 </DOCNO>
A dynamic one-dimensional interface interacting with a wall


  We study a symmetric randomly moving line interacting by exclusion with a
wall. We show that the expectation of the position of the line at the origin
when it starts attached to the wall satisfies the following bounds: c_1t^{1/4}
\le\E\xi_t(0) \le c_2 t^{1/4}\log t The result is obtained by comparison with a
``free'' process, a random line that has the same behavior but does not see the
wall. The free process is isomorphic to the symmetric nearest neigbor
one-dimensional simple exclusion process. The height at the origin in the
interface model corresponds to the integrated flux of particles through the
origin in the simple exclusion process. We compute explicitly the asymptotic
variance of the flux and show that the probability that this flux exceeds
Kt^{1/4}\log t is bounded above by const. t^{2-K}. We have also performed
numerical simulations, which indicate \E\xi_t(0)^2 \sim t^{1/2}\log t as
t\to\infty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5870 </DOCNO>
Doubly Enhanced Excitations in Bilayer Quantum Hall system at $\nu=2$


  At the filling factor $\nu=2$ the bilayer quantum Hall system has three
phases, the ferromagnetic phase (spin sector), the spin singlet phase (ppin
sector) and the canted antiferromagnetic phase (canted sector). Constructing an
effective theory we analyze soft waves and topological excitations in the spin
sector and the ppin (pseudospin) sector. It is intriguing that two electrons
are attached to one magnetic flux and combined to form a boson. It becomes a
system of Schwinger bosons at the boson filling factor $\nu_{B}=1$. The
effective Hamiltonian is given by O(3) nonlinear sigma models, where the sigma
field is the spin (ppin)-1 field. It describes spin (ppin) biwaves as
perturbative excitations, which are comprised of two soft waves excited in the
two layers (two spin states). They also allows spin (ppin) biskyrmions as
topological solitons, which are comprised of two skyrmions in the two layers
(two spin states). We also show that the ppin biwave leads to the
Josephson-like tunneling current of charge $2e$ in the ppin sector of the
$\nu=2$ BLQH system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74636 </DOCNO>
Higher twist corrections to the sum rule for semileptonic B decay


  The sum rule for charmless inclusive semileptonic B-meson decays allows a
theoretically clean and experimentally efficient determination of |V_{ub}|. The
leading twist contribution to the sum rule is known in QCD. We compute higher
twist corrections to the sum rule using the heavy quark effective theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125148 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of the Residual Magnetic Fields in Millisecond Pulsars


  We consider the expulsion of proton fluxoids along neutron vortices from the
superfluid/superconductive core of neutron star with weak ($B<10^{10}$ G)
magnetic field. The velocity of fluxoids is calculated from the balance of
buoyancy, drag and crustal forces. We show, that the proton fluxoids can leave
the superfluid core sliding {\it along} the neutron vortices on a timescale of
about $10^7$ years. An alternative possibility is that fluxoids are aligned
with the vortices on the same timescale. As the result, non--aligned surface
magnetic fields of millisecond pulsars can be sustained for $\ga 10^9$ years
only in case of a comparable dissipation timescale of the currents in the
neutron star crust. This defines upper limits of the impurity concentration in
the neutron star crust: $Q \la 0.1$ if a stiff equation of state determines the
density profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168872 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-Hermiticity of Hamiltonians under imaginary shift of the


  We propose that the real spectrum and the orthogonality of the states for
several known complex potentials of both types, PT-symmetric and
non-PT-symmetric can be understood in terms of currently proposed
$\eta$-pseudo-Hermiticity (Mostafazadeh, quant-ph/0107001) of a Hamiltonian,
provided the Hermitian linear automorphism, $\eta$, is introduced as
$e^{-\theta p}$ which affects an imaginary shift of the co-ordinate :
$e^{-\theta p} x e^{\theta p} = x+i\theta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2331 </DOCNO>
Flexoelectricity and piezoelectricity - reason for rich variety of


  The free energy of antiferroelectric liquid crystal which takes into account
polar order explicitly is presented. Steric, van der Waals, piezoelectric and
flexoelectric interactions to the nearest layers and dipolar electrostatic
interactions to the nearest and to the next nearest layers induce indirect tilt
interactions with chiral and achiral properties, which extend to the third and
to the fourth nearest layers. Chiral indirect interactions between tilts can be
large and induce helicoidal modulations even in systems with negligible chiral
van der Waals interactions. If indirect chiral interactions compete with chiral
van der Waals interactions, the helix unwinding is possible. Although strength
of microscopic interactions change monotonically with decreasing temperature,
effective interlayer interactions change nonmonotonically and give rise to
nonmonotouous change of modulation period through various phases. Increased
enatiomeric excess i.e. increased chirality changes the phase sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113718 </DOCNO>
An efficient parallel tree-code for the simulation of self-gravitating


  We describe a parallel version of our tree-code for the simulation of
self-gravitating systems in Astrophysics. It is based on a dynamic and adaptive
method for the domain decomposition, which exploits the hierarchical data
arrangement used by the tree-code. It shows low computational costs for the
parallelization overhead -- less than 4% of the total CPU-time in the tests
done -- because the domain decomposition is performed 'on the fly' during the
tree setting and the portion of the tree that is local to each processor
'enriches' itself of remote data only when they are actually needed.
  The performances of an implementation of the parallel code on a Cray T3E are
presented and discussed. They exhibit a very good behaviour of the speedup (=15
with 16 processors and 10^5 particles) and a rather low load unbalancing (< 10%
using up to 16 processors), achieving a high computation speed in the forces
evaluation (>10^4 particles/sec with 8 processors).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126464 </DOCNO>
The Submillimeter Properties of the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field North X-ray


  We present submillimeter observations for 136 of the 370 X-ray sources
detected in the 1 Ms exposure of the Chandra Deep Field North. Ten of the X-ray
sources are significantly detected in the submillimeter. The average X-ray
source in the sample has a significant 850 micron flux of 1.69+/-0.27 mJy. This
value shows little dependence on the 2-8 keV flux from 5e-16 erg/cm^2/s to
1e-14 erg/cm^2/s. The ensemble of X-ray sources contribute about 10% of the
extragalactic background light at 850 microns. The submillimeter excess is
found to be strongest in the optically faint X-ray sources that are also seen
at 20 cm, which is consistent with these X-ray sources being obscured and at
high redshift (z>1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126601 </DOCNO>
M31 Globular Clusters in the HST Archive: I. Cluster Detection and


  Globular clusters at the distance of M31 have apparent angular sizes of a few
arcseconds. While many M31 GCs have been detected and studied from ground-based
images, the high spatial resolution of HST allows much more robust detection
and characterization of star cluster properties. We present the results of a
search of 157 HST/WFPC2 images of M31: we found 82 previously-cataloged
globular cluster candidates as well as 32 new globular cluster candidates and
20 open cluster candidates. We present images of the new candidates and
photometry for all clusters. We assess existing cluster catalogs' completeness
and use the results to estimate the total number of GCs in M31 as 460+/-70. The
specific frequency is S_N = 1.2+/-0.2 and the mass specific frequency T =
2.4+/-0.4; these values are at the upper end of the range seen for spiral
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98208 </DOCNO>
Butterflies and topological quantum numbers


  The Hofstadter model illustrates the notion of topological quantum numbers
and how they account for the quantization of the Hall conductance. It gives
rise to colorful fractal diagrams of butterflies where the colors represent the
topological quantum numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74323 </DOCNO>
Weak Lensing and Dark Energy


  We study the power of upcoming weak lensing surveys to probe dark energy.
Dark energy modifies the distance-redshift relation as well as the matter power
spectrum, both of which affect the weak lensing convergence power spectrum.
Some dark-energy models predict additional clustering on very large scales, but
this probably cannot be detected by weak lensing alone due to cosmic variance.
With reasonable prior information on other cosmological parameters, we find
that a survey covering 1000 sq. deg. down to a limiting magnitude of R=27 can
impose constraints comparable to those expected from upcoming type Ia supernova
and number-count surveys. This result, however, is contingent on the control of
both observational and theoretical systematics. Concentrating on the latter, we
find that the {\it nonlinear} power spectrum of matter perturbations and the
redshift distribution of source galaxies both need to be determined accurately
in order for weak lensing to achieve its full potential. Finally, we discuss
the sensitivity of the three-point statistics to dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73248 </DOCNO>
Analytic Confinement and Regge Trajectories


  A simple relativistic quantum field model with the Yukawa-type interaction is
considered to demonstrate that the analytic confinement of the constituent
("quarks") and carrier ("gluons") particles explains qualitatively the basic
dynamical properties of the spectrum of mesons considered as two-particle
stable bound states of quarks and gluons: the quarks and gluons are confined,
the glueballs represent bound states of massless gluons, the masses of mesons
are larger than the sum of the constituent quark masses and the Regge
trajectories of mesonic orbital excitations are almost linear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114515 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the 6s - 7p transition probabilities in atomic cesium and


  We have measured the 6s - 7p_{1/2,3/2} transition probabilities in atomic
cesium using a direct absorption technique. We use our result plus other
previously measured transition rates to derive an accurate value of the vector
transition polarizability \beta and, consequently, re-evaluate the weak charge
Q_W. Our derived value Q_W=-72.65(49) agrees with the prediction of the
standard model to within one standard deviation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128811 </DOCNO>
How Neutral is the Intergalactic Medium at z ~ 6?


  Recent observations of high redshift quasar spectra reveal long gaps with
little flux. A small or no detectable flux does not by itself imply the
intergalactic medium (IGM) is neutral. Inferring the average neutral fraction
from the observed absorption requires assumptions about clustering of the IGM,
which the gravitational instability model supplies. Our most stringent
constraint on the neutral fraction at z ~ 6 is derived from the mean Lyman-beta
transmission measured from the z=6.28 SDSS quasar of Becker et al. -- the
neutral hydrogen fraction at mean density has to be larger than $3.4 \times
10^{-4}$. This is substantially higher than the neutral fraction of $\sim 2-5
\times 10^{-5}$ at z = 4.5 - 5.7, suggesting that dramatic changes take place
around z ~ 6, even though current constraints are consistent with a fairly
ionized IGM at z ~ 6. An interesting alternative method to constrain the
neutral fraction is to make use of the Lyman-beta Gunn-Peterson trough itself
-- the fact that a long stretch of spectrum exhibits no large upward
fluctuations in transmission implies a lower limit on the neutral fraction,
which turns out to be comparable to the one obtained from the mean
transmission. We show that while the derived neutral fraction at a given
redshift is sensitive to the power spectrum normalization, the size of the jump
around z ~ 6 is not. We caution that the main systematic uncertainties include
spatial fluctuations in the ionizing background, and the continuum placement.
Tests are proposed. The sightline dispersion in mean transmission may provide a
useful diagnostic. We express the dispersion in terms of the transmission power
spectrum, and develop a way to predict the dispersion for spectra that are
longer than the typical simulation box.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41864 </DOCNO>
Comparison of LMA and LOW Solar Solution Predictions in an SO(10) GUT


  Within the framework of an SO(10) GUT model that can accommodate both the LMA
and LOW solar neutrino mixing solutions by appropriate choice of the
right-handed Majorana matrix elements, we present explicit predictions for the
neutrino oscillation parameters \Delta m^2_{21}, \sin^2 2\theta_{12}, \sin^2
2\theta_{23}, \sin^2 2\theta_{13}, and \delta_{CP}. Given the observed near
maximality of the atmospheric mixing, the model favors the LMA solution and
predicts that \delta_{CP} is small. The suitability of Neutrino Superbeams and
Neutrino Factories for precision tests of the two model versions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85944 </DOCNO>
Finitary Spacetime Sheaves of Quantum Causal Sets: Curving Quantum


  A locally finite, causal and quantal substitute for a locally Minkowskian
principal fiber bundle $\cal{P}$ of modules of Cartan differential forms $\omg$
over a bounded region $X$ of a curved $C^{\infty}$-smooth differential manifold
spacetime $M$ with structure group ${\bf G}$ that of orthochronous Lorentz
transformations $L^{+}:=SO(1,3)^{\uparrow}$, is presented. ${\cal{P}}$ is the
structure on which classical Lorentzian gravity, regarded as a Yang-Mills type
of gauge theory of a $sl(2,\com)$-valued connection 1-form $\cal{A}$, is
usually formulated. The mathematical structure employed to model this
replacement of ${\cal{P}}$ is a principal finitary spacetime sheaf
$\vec{\cal{P}}_{n}$ of quantum causal sets $\amg_{n}$ with structure group
${\bf G}_{n}$, which is a finitary version of the group ${\bf G}$ of local
symmetries of General Relativity, and a finitary Lie algebra ${\bf
g}_{n}$-valued connection 1-form ${\cal{A}}_{n}$ on it, which is a section of
its sub-sheaf $\amg^{1}_{n}$. ${\cal{A}}_{n}$ is physically interpreted as the
dynamical field of a locally finite quantum causality, while its associated
curvature ${\cal{F}}_{n}$, as some sort of `finitary Lorentzian quantum
gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128670 </DOCNO>
Modified Median Statistics and Type Ia Supernova Data


  The median statistic has recently been discussed by Gott \textit{et al.} as a
more reliable alternative to the standard $\chi^2$ likelihood analysis, in the
sense of requiring fewer assumptions about the data and being almost as
constraining. We apply this statistic to the currently available combined
dataset of 92 distant type Ia supernovae, and also to a mock SNAP-class
dataset. We find that the performances of the modified median and $\chi^2$
statistics are comparable, particularly in the latter case. We further extend
the work of Gott \textit{et al.} by modifying the median statistic to account
for the number and size of sequences of consecutive points above or below the
median. We also comment on how the performance of the statistic depends on the
choice of free parameters that one is estimating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95835 </DOCNO>
Parabolic vector bundles and equivariant vector bundles


  Given a complex manifold $X$, a normal crossing divisor $D\subset X$ whose
irreducible components $D_1,...,D_s$ are smooth, and a choice of natural
numbers $r=(r_1,...,r_s)$, we construct a manifold $X(D,\ur)$ with an action of
a torus $\Gamma$ and we prove that some full subcategory of the category of
$\Gamma$-equivariant vector bundles on $X(D,r)$ is equivalent to the category
of parabolic vector bundles on $(X,D)$ in which the lengths of the filtrations
over each irreducible component of $X$ are given by $r$. When $X$ is Kaehler,
we study the Kaehler cone of $X(D,r)$ and the relation between the
corresponding notions of slope-stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1860 </DOCNO>
Mechanisms underlying sequence-independent beta-sheet formation


  We investigate the formation of beta-sheet structures in proteins without
taking into account specific sequence-dependent hydrophobic interactions. To
accomplish this, we introduce a model which explicitly incorporates both
solvation effects and the angular dependence (on the protein backbone) of
hydrogen bond formation. The thermodynamics of this model is studied by
comparing the restricted partition functions obtained by "unfreezing"
successively larger segments of the native beta-sheet structure. Our results
suggest that solvation dynamics together with the aforementioned angular
dependence gives rise to a generic cooperativity in this class of systems; this
result explains why pathological aggregates involving beta-sheet cores can form
from many different proteins. Our work provides the foundation for the
construction of phenomenological models to investigate the competition between
native folding and non-specific aggregation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76382 </DOCNO>
Particle Physics-Future Directions


  Wonderful opportunities await particle physics over the next decade, with the
coming of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN to explore the 1-TeV scale
(extending efforts at LEP and the Tevatron to unravel the nature of electroweak
symmetry breaking) and many initiatives to develop our understanding of the
problem of identity: what makes a neutrino a neutrino and a top quark a top
quark. Here I have in mind the work of the B factories and the Tevatron
collider on CP violation and the weak interactions of the b quark; the
wonderfully sensitive experiments at Brookhaven, CERN, Fermilab, and Frascati
on CP violation and rare decays of kaons; the prospect of definitive
accelerator experiments on neutrino oscillations and the nature of the
neutrinos; and a host of new experiments on the sensitivity frontier. We might
even learn to read experiment for clues about the dimensionality of spacetime.
If we are inventive enough, we may be able to follow this rich menu with the
physics opportunities offered by a linear collider and a (muon storage ring)
neutrino factory. I expect a remarkable flowering of experimental particle
physics, and of theoretical physics that engages with experiment. I describe
some of the great questions before us and the challenges of providing the
instruments that will be needed to define them more fully and-eventually-to
answer them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2784 </DOCNO>
Proximity Effect and Multiple Andreev Reflections in Chaotic Josephson


  We study the dc-current transport in a voltage biased superconductor-chaotic
dot-superconductor junction with an induced proximity effect(PE) in the dot. It
is found that for a Thouless energy $E_{Th}$ of the dot smaller than the
superconducting energy gap $\Delta$, the PE is manifested as peaks in the
differential conductance at voltages of order $E_{Th}$ away from the even
subharmonic gap structures $eV \approx 2(\Delta\pm E_{Th})/2n$. These peaks are
insensitive to temperatures $kT \ll \Delta$ but are suppressed by a weak
magnetic field. The current for suppressed PE is independent of $E_{Th}$ and
magnetic field and is shown to be given by the Octavio-Tinkham-Blonder-Klapwijk
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2248 </DOCNO>
Quantitative Comparison between AES and SIMS Depth Profiles of a Double


  Application of the so called mxing-roughness-information depth (MRI)-model to
the quantitative reconstruction of the in-depth distribution of composition is
demonstrated by comparing SIMS and AES depth profiles. A GaAs/AlAs reference
sample consisting of two layers of AlAs (1 ML and 36 ML) separated by 44 ML of
a GaAs matrix was depth profiled using almost identical sputtering conditions:
Ar+ ions of 3 keV impact energy and 52 (SIMS: CAMECA 4f) and 58 deg. (AES: VG
Microlab 310F) incidence angle. Both the Al+ intensity of the SIMS profile and
the Al (LVV) intensity of the AES profile were quantified by fitting the
measured profiles with those calculated with the MRI model, resulting in the
same mixing length of 3.0 +/- 0.3 nm, similar roughness parameter (1.4-2 nm),
and negligible information depth (0.4 nm). Whereas practically no matrix effect
was observed for AES as well as for Al+ in the SIMS profile, quantification
using dimer (Al2+) and trimer (Al3+) ions shows a marked nonlinearity between
concentration and intensity, with the main effect caused by simple mass action
law probability of cluster ion formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75184 </DOCNO>
Manifestations of high density QCD in the first RHIC data


  We derive a simple analytical scaling function which embodies the predictions
of high density QCD on the energy, centrality, rapidity, and atomic number
dependences of hadron multiplicities in nuclear collisions. Both centrality and
rapidity dependences of hadron multiplicity in $Au-Au$ collisions as measured
at RHIC at $\sqrt{s}= 130 {GeV}$ are well described in this approach. The
centrality and rapidity dependences of hadron multiplicity at $\sqrt{s}= 200 \
{GeV}$ run at RHIC are predicted; the variation of these dependences with
energy appear different from other approaches, and can be used as an important
test of the ideas based on parton saturation and classical Chromo-Dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98177 </DOCNO>
Quantum de Rham complex with $d^3 = 0$ differential


  In this work, we construct the de Rham complex with differential operator d
satisfying the Q-Leibniz rule, where Q is a complex number, and the condition
$d^3=0$ on an associative unital algebra with quadratic relations. Therefore we
introduce the second order differentials $d^2x^i$. In our formalism, besides
the usual two-dimensional quantum plane, we observe that the second order
differentials $d^2 x$ and $d^2 y$ generate either bosonic or fermionic quantum
planes, depending on the choice of the differentiation parameter Q.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126294 </DOCNO>
Collisional Plasma Models with APEC/APED: Emission Line Diagnostics of


  New X-ray observatories (Chandra and XMM-Newton) are providing a wealth of
high-resolution X-ray spectra in which hydrogen- and helium-like ions are
usually strong features. We present results from a new collisional-radiative
plasma code, the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC), which uses atomic
data in the companion Astrophysical Plasma Emission Database (APED) to
calculate spectral models for hot plasmas. APED contains the requisite atomic
data such as collisional and radiative rates, recombination cross sections,
dielectronic recombination rates, and satellite line wavelengths. We compare
the APEC results to other plasma codes for hydrogen- and helium-like
diagnostics, and test the sensitivity of our results to the number of levels
included in the models. We find that dielectronic recombination with
hydrogen-like ions into high (n=6-10) principal quantum numbers affects some
helium-like line ratios from low-lying (n=2) transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87185 </DOCNO>
Embeddings in Spacetimes Sourced by Scalar Fields


  We formulate and prove an extension of the Campbell-Magaard theorem, where
the embedding space is sourced by an arbitrary scalar field. The new theorem is
considered within the context of a minimally coupled, self-interacting scalar
field and the massless, non-minimally coupled Brans-Dicke field. The
relationship between these theorems and the Cauchy and data construction
problems in General Relativity is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75256 </DOCNO>
Progress in Meson-Nucleon Physics: Status and Perspectives


  In this opening talk I will address some issues that exemplify the
theoretical progress that has been made and is to be expected in the field of
meson-nucleon physics. My emphasis will be on performing precision calculations
to test aspects of QCD, including also electroweak probes. In addition, I
discuss the problems and opportunities related to the strange quark sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97268 </DOCNO>
Serre's conjecture over F_9


  In this paper, we show that an odd Galois representation rhobar: Gal(Qbar/Q)
--> GL_2(F_9) satisfying certain local conditions at 3 and 5 is modular. Our
main tool is an idea of Taylor, which reduces the problem to that of exhibiting
points on a Hilbert modular surface which are defined over a solvable extension
of Q, and which satisfy certain reduction properties. As a corollary, we show
that Hilbert-Blumenthal abelian surfaces over Q with good ordinary reduction at
3 and 5 are modular.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3213 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of an asymmetric spin ladder


  We investigate an asymmetric zig-zag spin ladder with different exchange
integrals on both legs using bosonization and renormalization group. When the
leg exchange integrals and frustration both are sufficiently small,
renormalization group analysis shows that the Heisenberg critical point flows
to an intermediate-coupling fixed point with gapless excitations and a
vanishing spin velocity. When they are large, a spin gap opens and a dimer
liquid is realized. Here, we find a continuous manifold of Hamiltonians with
dimer product ground states, interpolating between the Majumdar-Ghosh and
sawtooth spin-chain model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75469 </DOCNO>
Mass Terms in Effective Theories of High Density Quark Matter


  We study the structure of mass terms in the effective theory for
quasi-particles in QCD at high baryon density. To next-to-leading order in the
$1/p_F$ expansion we find two types of mass terms, chirality conserving
two-fermion operators and chirality violating four-fermion operators. In the
effective chiral theory for Goldstone modes in the color-flavor-locked (CFL)
phase the former terms correspond to effective chemical potentials, while the
latter lead to Lorentz invariant mass terms. We compute the masses of Goldstone
bosons in the CFL phase, confirming earlier results by Son and Stephanov as
well as Bedaque and Sch\"afer. We show that to leading order in the coupling
constant $g$ there is no anti-particle gap contribution to the mass of
Goldstone modes, and that our results are independent of the choice of gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99212 </DOCNO>
Geometry on the Quantum Heisenberg Manifold


  For the quantum Heisenberg manifolds, using the action of Heisenberg group we
construct a family of spectral triples. It is shown that associated Kasparov
module is same for all these spectral triples. Then we show that element is
nontrivial by explicitly computing the pairing with a unitary. Space of forms
as introduced by Connes are also computed. We characterize connections that are
torsionless or unitary in the sense of Frohlich et.al. Then it is shown that a
torsionless unitary connection cannot exist. For some unitary connections we
compute Ricci curvature and scalar curvature. This produces examples of
non-commutative manifolds with nonvanishing scalar curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86274 </DOCNO>
Boundary conditions from boundary terms, Noether charges and the trace K


  We present the Lagrangian whose corresponding action is the trace K action
for General Relativity. Although this Lagrangian is second order in the
derivatives, it has no second order time derivatives and its behaviour at space
infinity in the asymptotically flat case is identical to other alternative
Lagrangians for General Relativity, like the gamma-gamma Lagrangian used by
Einstein. We develop some elements of the variational principle for field
theories with boundaries, and apply them to second order Lagrangians, where we
stablish the conditions -- proposition 1 -- for the conservation of the Noether
charges. From this general approach a pre-symplectic form is naturally obtained
that features two terms, one from the bulk and another from the boundary. When
applied to the trace K Lagrangian, we recover a pre-symplectic form first
introduced using a different approach. We prove that all diffeomorphisms
satisfying certain restrictions at the boundary -- that keep room for a
realization of the Poincar\'e group -- will yield Noether conserved charges. In
particular, the computation of the total energy gives, in the asymptotically
flat case, the ADM result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95937 </DOCNO>
About the Overcompleteness of Coherent State Systems with a Line Bundles


  Standart Coherent State Systems have an analysis based on lattices (von
Neumann's lattices) in terms of wich they are classified, looking at the size
of the minimun cell, by: complete, overcomplete and not complete. In this work
we analize overcomplete systems with a geometrical viewpoint (holomorphic
line-budles). We apply the method to evaluate the degeneracy of the lowest
Landau level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126838 </DOCNO>
The LBDS Hercules sample of mJy radio sources at 1.4 GHz - II. Redshift


  {Abridged} A combination of spectroscopy and broadband photometric redshifts
has been used to find the complete redshift distribution of the Hercules sample
of millijansky radio sources. These data have been used to examine the
evolution of the radio luminosity function (RLF) and its high-redshift cut-off.
  New redshifts have been measured for eleven sources, and a further ten upper
limits are given. The total number of sources with known redshifts in the
sample is now 47 (65%). We calculated broadband photometric redshifts for the
remaining one-third of the sample.
  For the luminosity range probed by the present study (P_1.4 > 10^24.5
W/Hz/sr), we use the V/V_max test to show conclusively that there is a deficit
of high-redshift (z > 2-2.5) objects. Comparison with the model RLFs of Dunlop
& Peacock (1990) shows that our data can now exclude pure luminosity evolution.
Two of the models of DP90, and the RLF deduced by direct binning of the data,
both favour a luminosity dependence for the high-redshift cut-off, with
lower-luminosity sources (P_1.4 \simeq 10^24 W/Hz/sr) in decline by z \simeq
1-1.5 while higher-luminosity sources (P_1.4 \simeq 10^{25-26} W/Hz/sr) decline
in comoving number density beyond z \simeq 2-2.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125626 </DOCNO>
Infrared Observations of Nova Muscae 1991: Black Hole Mass Determination


  We have obtained infrared photometry for the soft x-ray transient GU Mus. We
present J and K_s band light curves modeled with WD98, the newest version of
the Wilson-Devinney light curve modeling code. Using detailed models for the
expected ellipsoidal variations due to the non-spherical secondary star, we
show that the most likely value for the orbital inclination is 54 +/-1.5 deg.
This inclination angle is consistent with those previously published, but has a
much smaller error. This inclination implies a primary black hole mass of 6.95
+/-0.6 M_sun. While we do not see any evidence for contamination of our
infrared light curves from other sources in the system, a conservative model
with a contamination level of 15% increases the uncertainty in the inclination
angle to 54 +4/-1.5 deg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76399 </DOCNO>
Upward and Horizontal Tau Airshowers by UHE Neutrinos


  Upward and Horizontal Tau Air-showers (UPTAUS and HORTAUS) emerging from the
Earth crust, mountain chains or deep plate boundaries are the most powerful
signals of Ultra High Energy UHE anti neutrinos electron at PeV and neutrino
and anti-neutrino tau at energies near and above 10^15-10^19 eV. The large tau
Air-showers multiplicity N in secondaries N_opt =10^12 E_tau/ PeV, N_gamma=
10^8 E_tau/PeV, N_{e^- e^+}= 2 10^7 E_tau/PeV, N_mu = 3 10^5 E_tau/PeV^{0.85},
make easy their discover. UHE nu_tau, nu_tau because neutrino flavor mixing,
nu_mu <--> nu_tau, should be as abundant as nu_mu, bar-nu_mu. Also bar{nu}_e,
near the Glashow W resonance peak, E_bar{nu_e}= M^2_W / 2m_e = 6.3 10^{15} eV,
may generate tau Air-showers. The HORTAUS may test the UHE neutrino
interactions leading to additional fine-tuned test of New TeV Physics in
Mountain Valleys and Earth crust horizontal edges. UPTAUS or HORTAUS, beaming
toward high mountains, air-planes, ballons and satellites should flash gamma,
muon, X and Cherenkov lights toward detectors. Such UPTAUS might already hit
nearby satellite GRO gamma detectors flashing it by short (millisecond), hard,
diluted gamma-burst at the edge of BATSE threshold. We claimed their identity
with the observed BATSE 78 Terrestrial Gamma Flashes (TGF). The TGF clustering
toward Galactic Center and Plane, known AGNs source strongly support their UHE
Tau neutrino origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148686 </DOCNO>
Non(anti)commutative Superspace


  We investigate the most general non(anti)commutative geometry in N=1 four
dimensional superspace. We find that a nontrivial non(anti)commutative
superspace geometry compatible with supertranslations exists with
non(anti)commutation parameters which may depend on the spinorial coordinates.
The algebra is in general nonassociative. Imposing associativity introduces
additional constraints which however allow for nontrivial commutation relations
involving fermionic coordinates. We define an associative *-product by
extending to superspace the Kontsevich procedure. In a string theory contest we
discuss the connection between non(anti)commutative grassmannian geometry in
superspace and string propagation in curved backgrounds. Finally, N=2 euclidean
superspace is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129577 </DOCNO>
Physical Conditions in Lyman Break Galaxies Derived From Rest-Frame UV


  We present the results of detailed studies of the astrophysical conditions in
z~3 Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs), placing particular emphasis on what is learned
from LBG rest frame UV spectra. By drawing from our database of ~1000 spectra,
and constructing higher S/N composite spectra from galaxies grouped according
to properties such as luminosity, extinction, morphology, and environment, we
can show how the rest-frame UV spectroscopic properties systematically depend
on other galaxy properties. Such information is crucial to understanding the
detailed nature of LBGs, and their impact on the surrounding IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4021 </DOCNO>
Renormalization in Self-Consistent Approximations schemes at Finite


  Within finite temperature field theory, we show that truncated
non-perturbative self-consistent Dyson resummation schemes can be renormalized
with local counter-terms defined at the vacuum level. The requirements are that
the underlying theory is renormalizable and that the self-consistent scheme
follows Baym''s $\Phi$-derivable concept. The scheme generates both, the
renormalized self-consistent equations of motion and the closed equations for
the infinite set of counter terms. At the same time the corresponding
2PI-generating functional and the thermodynamical potential can be
renormalized, in consistency with the equations of motion. This guarantees the
standard $\Phi$-derivable properties like thermodynamic consistency and exact
conservation laws also for the renormalized approximation schemes to hold. The
proof uses the techniques of BPHZ-renormalization to cope with the explicit and
the hidden overlapping vacuum divergences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124646 </DOCNO>
Using the 6dF galaxy redshift survey to detect gravitationally-lensed


  It is possible to detect gravitationally-lensed quasars spectroscopically if
the spectra obtained during galaxy surveys are searched for the presence of
quasar emission lines. The up-coming 6 degree Field (6dF) redshift survey on
the United Kingdom Schmidt Telescope (UKST) will involve obtaining 10^5 spectra
of near-infrared selected galaxies to a magnitude limit of K = 13. Applying
previously developed techniques implies that at least one lens should be
discovered in the 6dF survey, but that as many as ten could be found if quasars
typically have B_J - K = 8. In this model there could be up to fifty lensed
quasars in the sample, but most of them could only be detected by infrared
spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168373 </DOCNO>
Observation of Image Transfer and Phase Conjugation in Stimulated


  We observe experimentally the transfer of angular spectrum and image
formation in the process of stimulated parametric down-conversion. Images and
interference patterns can be transferred either from the pump or the auxiliary
laser beams to the stimulated down-converted one. The stimulated field
propagates as the complex conjugate of the auxiliary laser. The phase
conjugation is observed through intensity pattern measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97232 </DOCNO>
Mislin genus of maps


  In this paper, we prove that the Mislin genus of a (co-)H-map between
(co-)H-spaces under certain natural conditions is a finite abelian group which
generalizes results in Zabrodsky, McGibbon and Hurvitz

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125175 </DOCNO>
Testing Quintessence models with large-scale structure growth


  We explore the possibility of putting constraints on quintessence models with
large-scale structure observations. In particular we compute the linear and
second order growth rate of the fluctuations in different flavors of
quintessence scenarios. We show that effective models of quintessence (e.g.
with a constant equation of state) do not account of the results found in more
realistic scenarios.
  The impact of these results on observational quantities such as the shape of
the non-linear power spectrum in weak lensing surveys or the skewness of the
convergence field are investigated. It appears that the observational signature
of quintessence models are specific and rather large. They clearly cannot be
mistaken with a change of (\Omega_{0}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74233 </DOCNO>
Rapidity Gap Higgs Signal at the Tevatron and the LHC


  We quantify the rate and the signal-to-background ratio for Higgs --> b
anti-b detection in double-diffractive events at the Tevatron and the LHC. The
signal is predicted to be very small at the Tevatron, but observable at the
LHC. We show that the double-diffractive dijet production may serve as a unique
gluon factory. This process can be used also as a Pomeron-Pomeron luminosity
monitor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149185 </DOCNO>
The Principal SO(1,2) Subalgebra of a Hyperbolic Kac Moody Algebra


  The analog of the principal SO(3) subalgebra of a finite dimensional simple
Lie algebra can be defined for any hyperbolic Kac Moody algebra g(A) associated
with a symmetrizable Cartan matrix A, and coincides with the non-compact group
SO(1,2). We exhibit the decomposition of g(A) into representations of SO(1,2);
with the exception of the adjoint SO(1,2) algebra itself, all of these
representations are unitary. We compute the Casimir eigenvalues; the associated
``exponents'' are complex and non-integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148970 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative K3 surfaces


  We consider deformations of a toroidal orbifold $T^4/{\Z}_2$ and an orbifold
of quartic in $\CP^3$. In the $T^4/{\Z}_2$ case, we construct a family of
noncommutative K3 surfaces obtained via both complex and noncommutative
deformations. We do this following the line of algebraic deformation done by
Berenstein and Leigh for the Calabi-Yau threefold. We obtain 18 as the
dimension of the moduli space both in the noncommutative deformation as well as
in the complex deformation, matching the expectation from classical
consideration. In the quartic case, we construct a $4 \times 4$ matrix
representation of noncommutative K3 surface in terms of quartic variables in
${\CP}^3$ with a fourth root of unity. In this case, the fractionation of
branes occurs at codimension two singularities due to the presence of discrete
torsion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41689 </DOCNO>
Three body decays of D0 and DS mesons


  Results are presented on the study of three body decays of D0 -> K0s h+ h-,
where h=pi/K and DS+ -> K0S K0S pi+. The data have been collected by the BaBar
experiment at SLAC and are extracted from continuum e+ e- annihilations at the
Upsilon(4S) energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96788 </DOCNO>
Fromula for the Projectively Invariant Quantization on Degree Three


  We give an explicit formula for the projectively invariant quantization map
between the space of symbols of degree three and the space of third-order
linear differential operators, both viewed as modules over the group of
diffeomorphisms and the Lie algebra of vector fields on a manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125036 </DOCNO>
NLTE Synthetic Spectral Fits to the Type Ia Supernova 1994D in NGC 4526


  We have fit the normal, well observed, Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) SN 1994D
with non-LTE spectra of the deflagration model W7. We find that well before
maximum luminosity W7 fits the optical spectra of SN 1994D. After maximum
brightness the quality of the fits weakens as the spectrum forms in a core rich
in iron peak elements. We show the basic structure of W7 is likely to be
representative of the typical SN Ia. We have shown that like W7, the typical SN
Ia has a layer of unburned C+O composition at v > 15000 \kmps, followed by
layers of C-burned and O-burned material with a density structure similar to
W7. We present UVOIR (UBVRIJKH) synthetic photometry and colors and compare
with observation. We have computed the distance to the host galaxy, NGC 4526,
obtaining a distance modulus of \mu = 30.8 \pm 0.3. We discuss further
application of this direct measurement of SNe Ia distances. We also discuss
some simple modifications to W7 that could improve the quality of the fits to
the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125005 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Search in the EDELWEISS experiment


  The EDELWEISS Dark Matter Search uses low-temperature Ge detectors with heat
and ionisation read-out to identify nuclear recoils induced by elastic
collisions with WIMPs from the galactic halo. Preliminary results obtained with
320g bolometers are described. After a few weeks of data taking, data
accumulated with one of these detectors already allow to reach the upper part
of the DAMA region. Prospects for the present run and the second stage of the
experiment, EDELWEISS-II, using an innovative reversed cryostat allowing data
taking with 100 detectors, are briefly described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7066 </DOCNO>
One Dimensional Chain with Long Range Hopping


  The one-dimensional (1D) tight binding model with random nearest neighbor
hopping is known to have a singularity of the density of states and of the
localization length at the band center. We study numerically the effects of
random long range (power-law) hopping with an ensemble averaged magnitude
$\expectation{|t_{ij}|} \propto |i-j|^{-\sigma}$ in the 1D chain, while
maintaining the particle-hole symmetry present in the nearest neighbor model.
We find, in agreement with results of position space renormalization group
techniques applied to the random XY spin chain with power-law interactions,
that there is a change of behavior when the power-law exponent $\sigma$ becomes
smaller than 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114192 </DOCNO>
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Region of Auroral Electrojets


  We discuss the question as to how the magnetospheric energy source feeds the
ionospheric current system.
 It is shown that a consistent application and further development of Kennel's
ideas makes it possible to successfully solve the magnetosphere-ionosphere
coupling problem in regard to the formation of auroral electrojets by steady
volume currents generated in the magnetosphere by the magnetospheric MHD
generator in the case of a simple model which, nevertheless, retains the
essential features of the reality. It is concluded that the whole of the
complicated magnetospheric ''design'' only acts to redistribute, in space and
time, currents and energy fluxes which must be supplied by external sources to
feed the dissipative processes in the ionosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127760 </DOCNO>
The Distribution of Thermal Pressures in the Interstellar Medium


  It is generally recognized that the interstellar medium has a vast range of
densities and temperatures. While these two properties are usually
anticorrelated with each other, there are nevertheless variations in their
product, i.e., the thermal gas pressure divided by the Boltzmann constant k. In
neutral gas, the relative populations of neutral carbon atoms in the excited
fine-structure states can give a direct measure of a local thermal pressure. A
picture of the distribution function for thermal pressures in H I regions is
now arising from a survey of interstellar C I absorption features in the UV
spectra of 21 early-type stars, observed with a wavelength resolving power of
200,000 by the STIS instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope. Most of the gas
is within the range 1000 < p/k < 10,000 cm^{-3}K, but there is also evidence
for some of the material being at much higher pressures, i.e., p/k > 10^5
cm^{-3}K. While the fraction of gas at these elevated pressures is quite small,
it seems nearly ubiquitous. This phenomenon may arise from small-scale,
short-lived density enhancements that are produced by converging flows of
material in supersonic turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75526 </DOCNO>
The anomalous chromomagnetic dipole moment of the top quark in the


  The anomalous chromomagnetic moment of the top quark arises from one loop
corrections to the vertex $\bar t t g$. We give explicit formulae for this
anomalous coupling in the framework of the standard model, the two Higgs
doublet model and the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We compare the
results for the anomalous coupling with the bound $-0.03 \leq \Delta \kappa
\leq 0.01$ emerging from the analysis of $b \to s \gamma$ process with an
on-shell bremsstrahlung gluon. This enables us to study the allowed region of
parameters of the models under consideration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126454 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX observations of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy RX


  We report optical, radio and X-ray observations of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1
galaxy RX J1702.5+3247. The soft (0.1-2 keV) X-ray flux, measured by BeppoSAX,
is characterized by strong variability on short time scales (< 500 sec). The
most extreme amplitude variations require a radiative efficiency exceeding the
maximum for a Kerr black hole, implying the presence of relativistic effects. A
comparison with archival ROSAT data reveals long term temporal and spectral
variability. The 0.1-10 keV spectrum is equally well fitted either by an
ionized reflection disk model, or by a broken power law plus a Gaussian line,
consistent with a hydrogen-like iron line at 6.97 keV from a highly ionized
accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95979 </DOCNO>
Delay Equation for Charged Brown Particle


  In previous work (physics/0004026) was shown, with the help of numerical
calculations, that the effective Brown temperature for charged particle is
lower than that for particle without charge. Here we derive this result without
numerical calculations, integrating the delay equation analytically, as for
zero, so for nonzero viscosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127529 </DOCNO>
X-ray bright optically quiet galaxies: the case of P3


  Recent X-ray surveys have clearly demonstrated that a population of optically
dull, X-ray bright galaxies is emerging at X-ray fluxes of the order of 10-14
erg cm-2 s-1. The nature of these objects is still unknown. We present the
results of multiwavelength observations of what can be considered the best
studied example: the Chandra source CXOUJ031238.9-765134 optically identified
by Fiore et al. (2000) with an apparently normal galaxy at z=0.159 and called
``Fiore P3''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96177 </DOCNO>
On a functional-difference equation of Runyon, Morrison, Carlitz, and


  A certain functional-difference equation that Runyon encountered when
analyzing a queuing system was solved in a combined effort of Morrison,
Carlitz, and Riordan. We simplify that analysis by exclusively using generating
functions, in particular the kernel method, and the Lagrange inversion formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96028 </DOCNO>
Tetraplectic structures, tri-momentum maps, and quaternionic flag


  The purpose of this note is to define tri-moment maps for certain manifolds
that carry closed non-degenerate 4-forms and an $Sp(1)^n$-action. Examples
include quaternionic vector spaces and flag manifolds. We show how this map can
be used ro reduce such manifolds to the ones with fewer symmetries. The images
of such maps for quaternionic flag manifolds, which are defined using the
Dieudonn\'e determinant, resemble the polytopes from the complex case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72525 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein correlations in cascade processes and non-extensive


  We discuss the effect of nonextensivity of the emitting source on the
Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC). This is done numerically by comparing cascade
hadronization model (CAS), which is known to exhibit fractal structure in both
space-time and phase-space, with its equivalent obtained from the information
theory approach (MaxEnt), in which hadronization proceeds uniformly in the
phase-space. To this end we have developed a new method of accounting for BEC
in Monte Carlo event generators, which preserves all kinematics of the
hadronization process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72503 </DOCNO>
Small, Dense Quark Stars from Perturbative QCD


  As a model for nonideal behavior in the equation of state of QCD at high
density, we consider cold quark matter in perturbation theory. To second order
in the strong coupling constant, $\alpha_s$, the results depend sensitively on
the choice of the renormalization mass scale. Certain choices of this scale
correspond to a strongly first order chiral transition, and generate quark
stars with maximum masses and radii approximately half that of ordinary neutron
stars. At the center of these stars, quarks are essentially massless.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86112 </DOCNO>
Interaction between gravitational waves and domain walls


  We study the gravitational perturbations of thick domain walls. The
refraction index and spin properties of the solutions interior to the wall are
analyzed in detail. It is shown that the gravitational waves suffer a
refraction process by domain walls. The reflection and transmission
coefficients are derived in the thin wall limit. In relation to the spin
content, it is shown that the ``$\times$'' helicity 2 gravitational wave mode
maintains in the domain wall the same polarization state as in vacuum. On the
contrary, the ``+'' mode, of pure helicity 2 in vacuum, is contaminated inside
the wall with a spin 0 state, as well as with spin 2, helicity 0 and 1 states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129411 </DOCNO>
Achieving Extreme Resolution in Numerical Cosmology Using Adaptive Mesh


  As an entry for the 2001 Gordon Bell Award in the "special" category, we
describe our 3-d, hybrid, adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) code, Enzo, designed
for high-resolution, multiphysics, cosmological structure formation
simulations. Our parallel implementation places no limit on the depth or
complexity of the adaptive grid hierarchy, allowing us to achieve unprecedented
spatial and temporal dynamic range. We report on a simulation of primordial
star formation which develops over 8000 subgrids at 34 levels of refinement to
achieve a local refinement of a factor of 10^12 in space and time. This allows
us to resolve the properties of the first stars which form in the universe
assuming standard physics and a standard cosmological model. Achieving extreme
resolution requires the use of 128-bit extended precision arithmetic (EPA) to
accurately specify the subgrid positions. We describe our EPA AMR
implementation on the IBM SP2 Blue Horizon system at the San Diego
Supercomputer Center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87264 </DOCNO>
Post-Newtonian approximation for isolated systems calculated by matched


  Two long-standing problems with the post-Newtonian approximation for isolated
slowly-moving systems in general relativity are: (i) the appearance at high
post-Newtonian orders of divergent Poisson integrals, casting a doubt on the
soundness of the post-Newtonian series; (ii) the domain of validity of the
approximation which is limited to the near-zone of the source, and prevents
one, a priori, from incorporating the condition of no-incoming radiation, to be
imposed at past null infinity. In this article, we resolve the problem (i) by
iterating the post-Newtonian hierarchy of equations by means of a new
(Poisson-type) integral operator that is free of divergencies, and the problem
(ii) by matching the post-Newtonian near-zone field to the exterior field of
the source, known from previous work as a multipolar-post-Minkowskian expansion
satisfying the relevant boundary conditions at infinity. As a result, we obtain
an algorithm for iterating the post-Newtonian series up to any order, and we
determine the terms, present in the post-Newtonian field, that are associated
with the gravitational-radiation reaction onto an isolated slowly-moving matter
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85820 </DOCNO>
The Merger History of Supermassive Black Holes in Galaxies


  The ubiquity of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the centers of nearby
luminous galaxies can arise from the multiple mergers experienced by dark
matter halos in hierarchical structure formation models, even if only a small
fraction of these galaxies harbor SMBHs at high redshifts. We illustrate this
possibility using cosmological Monte Carlo simulations of the merger history of
dark matter halos and their associated SMBHs. In our most extreme models, in
order to populate nearly every bright galaxy with a SMBH at z=0, only a few
percent of the halos with virial temperatures above 10^4 K are required to
harbor a SMBH at high redshift. This possibility must be included in studies of
the luminosity function and the clustering properties of quasars. We predict
the number of SMBH merger events that are detectable by the gravitational wave
experiment LISA, as a function of redshift, out to z=5. Although the event
rates can be significantly reduced in scenarios with rare SMBHs, a minimum of
\~10 detectable merger events per year is predicted if SMBH binaries coalesce
efficiently. The observed distribution of events with redshift could yield
valuable information on the SMBH formation process. If SMBH binaries do not
coalesce, we find that at least several SMBH slingshot ejections probably
occurred from z=5 to the present in each galaxy more massive than ~10^11 Msun
at z=0. Although our results are sensitive to the minimum cooling mass assumed
for the formation of SMBHs, we expect the qualitative predictions of our models
to be robust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124578 </DOCNO>
Lithium in the Coma Berenices open cluster


  Lithium abundances, radial velocities and rotational velocities are reported
for 20 candidate F, G and K stars of the sparse Coma Berenices open cluster.
All the stars are proper-motion selected, and our radial velocities support the
membership credentials of at least 12 of the candidates. Combining our data
with that in the literature, we have a close-to-complete census of Li
abundances for late-type stars with Mv < 5.8. These data show that the
Li-depletion pattern in Coma Ber is similar, but not identical, to that in the
Hyades cluster, which has a similar age but higher metallicity. Several Coma
Ber F stars have suffered significantly more Li depletion than their
counterparts in the Hyades. The G and early-K stars of Coma Ber have undergone
less Li depletion than those of the Hyades, but much more than that predicted
by standard evolutionary models featuring only convective mixing. This provides
strong evidence for additional mixing and Li depletion operating in these stars
during their first 400Myr on the main sequence, amounting to 0.3 dex at 6000K
and rising to 0.8-1.2 dex at 5400K. We find that 4 of the radial-velocity
non-members are among a small number of low-mass stars which were previously
reported as part of an extra-tidal moving group associated with the Coma Ber
cluster. As a result we now find that the luminosity function of this moving
group is indistinguishable from that of the central cluster. It is uncertain
whether there may be a significant number of stars with even lower masses among
the moving group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126255 </DOCNO>
Global versus Nuclear Starbursts


  The strongest starbursts are observed towards galaxy nuclei, or circumnuclear
regions. However in interacting galaxies, star formation is also triggered in
overlap regions far from nuclei, in spiral arms and sometimes in tidal tails.
What is the relative importance of these starbursts? What kind of starformation
is dominating, as a function of redshift? These different starbursts occur in
different dynamical conditions (global and local): gravitational instabilities,
density waves, radial flows, shear, cloud collisions, density accumulations,
and they have been investigated with the help of numerical simulations.
Gravitational instabilities are necessary to initiate star formation, but they
are not sufficient; galactic disks are self-regulated through these
instabilities to have their Toomre Q parameter of the order of 1, and thus this
criterium is in practice unable to predict the onset of intense star formation.
Super star clusters are a characteristic SF mode in starbursts, and might be
due to the rapid formation of large gas complexes. Star formation can propagate
radially inwards, due to gravity torques and gas inflow, but also outwards, due
to superwinds, and energy outflows: both expanding or collapsing waves are
observed in circumnuclear regions. Mergers are more efficient in forming stars
at high redshift, because of larger gas content, and shorter dynamical times.
The relation between nuclear starbursts and nuclear activity is based on the
same fueling mechanisms, but also on reciprocal triggering and regulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86536 </DOCNO>
Sheafifying Consistent Histories


  Isham's topos-theoretic perspective on the logic of the consistent-histories
theory is extended in two ways. First, the presheaves of consistent sets of
history propositions in the topos proposed by Isham are endowed with a
Vietoris-type of topology and subsequently they are sheafified with respect to
it. The category resulting from this sheafification procedure is the topos of
sheaves of sets varying continuously over the Vietoris-topologized base poset
category of Boolean subalgebras of the universal orthoalgebra of quantum
history propositions. The second extension of Isham's topos consists in
endowing the stalks of the aforementioned sheaves, which were originally
inhabited by structureless sets, with further algebraic structure, that also
enjoys a quantum causal interpretation, so as to arrive at the topos of
consistent-histories of quantum causal sets. The resulting quantum causal
histories topos is compared with Markopoulou's quantum causal histories, with
Mallios and this author's finitary spacetime sheaves of quantum causal sets, as
well as with Butterfield and Isham's topos perspective on the Kochen-Specker
theorem of quantum logic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113770 </DOCNO>
Overcharging by macroions: above all, an entropy effect


  Model macroion solutions next to a charged wall show interface \textit{true
overcharging}, charge reversal and inversion, and layering. Macroion layering
is present, even if the wall or the macroparticle are \textit{uncharged} or if
the wall and macroions are like-charged. An effective long-range attractive
force between the adsorbed macroions is implied. The results are obtained
through an integral equation theory and a new extended Poisson-Boltzmann
theory, and are in accordance with experiments on confined macroions and
polymer layering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74542 </DOCNO>
Is right-handed neutrino degeneracy compatible with the solar and


  In light of the recent solar and atmospheric neutrino data, we investigate
the possibility of having an exactly degenerate spectrum for heavy right-handed
Majorana neutrinos at the grand unification scale. The analysis is performed in
the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model with unbroken R-parity
and extended with three heavy Majorana neutrino fields in order to implement
the seesaw mechanism. In the absence of a Dirac-type leptonic mixing, the only
source of lepton flavour violation is the right-handed neutrino sector.
Inspired by GUT-motivated relations among the quark, charged-lepton and Dirac
neutrino Yukawa coupling matrices, and after the inclusion of the radiative
effects, we determine the effective neutrino mass matrix at the electroweak
scale. Using then the latest global analyses of the solar and atmospheric data
at 99% C.L., we conclude that, within this framework, the only solar solutions
compatible with the experimental data are the LOW and LMA solutions, being the
latter the most favoured one. At 90% C.L., only the LMA solution is allowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123638 </DOCNO>
Evolution of galaxies due to self-excitation


  These lectures will cover methods for studying the evolution of galaxies
since their formation. Because the properties of a galaxy depend on its
history, an understanding of galaxy evolution requires that we understand the
dynamical interplay between all components. The first part will emphasize
n-body simulation methods which minimize sampling noise. These techniques are
based on harmonic expansions and scale linearly with the number of bodies,
similar to Fourier transform solutions used in cosmological simulations.
Although fast, until recently they were only efficiently used for small number
of geometries and background profiles. These same techniques may be used to
study the modes and response of a galaxy to an arbitrary perturbation. In
particular, I will describe the modal spectra of stellar systems and role of
damped modes which are generic to stellar systems in interactions and appear to
play a significant role in determining the common structures that we see. The
general development leads indirectly to guidelines for the number of particles
necessary to adequately represent the gravitational field such that the modal
spectrum is resolvable. I will then apply these same excitation to
understanding the importance of noise to galaxy evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76848 </DOCNO>
Measuring charge fluctuations in high-energy nuclear collisions


  Various measures of charge fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions are
discussed. Advantages of the Phi-measure are demonstrated and its relation to
other fluctuation measures is established. To get the relation, Phi is
expressed through the moments of multiplicity distribution. We study how the
measures act in the case of a `background' model which represents the classical
hadron gas in equilibrium. The model assumes statistical particle production
constrained by charge conservation. It also takes into account both the effect
of incomplete experimental apparatus acceptance and that of tracking
inefficiency. The model is shown to approximately agree with the PHENIX and
preliminary STAR data on the electric charge fluctuations. Finally,
`background-free' measures are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128574 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric parameters for non-interacting eclipsing binaries:


  Double-lined spectroscopic binaries which are also eclipsing provide the most
accurate stellar data, and are consequently of first importance to improve
stellar evolution modelling. While the mass and radius of each component of
detached eclipsing binaries (EBs) can be accurately known, their temperature
Teff and chemical composition ([Fe/H]) are still uncertain. To contribute to
overcome these difficulties, we present metallicity-dependent Teff
determinations of 11 EBs (22 individual stars) from Stromgren synthetic
photometry. Inconsistencies suggesting new photometric observations are
discussed. Moreover, by exploring the best chi^2-fits to the photometric data,
we have re-derived their reddening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128917 </DOCNO>
Interpreting the Morphology of Diffuse Light Around Satellite Galaxies


  Recent observations of surface brightness distributions of both Milky Way and
M31 satellite galaxies have revealed many instances of sudden changes or breaks
in the slope of the surface brightness profiles (at some break radius,
r_break). These breaks are often accompanied by increasingly elliptical
isophotes and sometimes by isophote twisting. We investigate the hypothesis of
a tidal origin for these features by applying the same ellipse fitting
techniques that are used on observed galaxies to numerical simulations of the
destruction of satellites, represented by spherical, single-component systems.
We examine how observed quantities such as r_break, ellipticity and position
angle of the fitted ellipses and amplitude of extra-break population vary with
the satellite's orbital eccentricity and phase, and our viewpoint relative to
the orbit. We also look at orbit and viewpoint dependence of the rate of change
of the latter three quantities with radius.
  We find that there are trends with orbital phase and eccentricity in all
observed quantities, many of which are preserved through a wide variety of
viewing angles. In particular, a generic feature of all simulations is a
depletion zone just interior to an excess zone, regions in which the surface
brightness is lower and higher, respectively, than the initial profile. A clear
interpretation of any individual image, however, is likely to be hampered by
the dependence of the observable features on these multiple parameters. For
example, breaks can be excited by several physical processes and can occur well
within the bound satellite population. Nevertheless, we do find we can place
loose constraints on the tidal radius, mass loss rate, orbital type and phase
of the satellite, and nature of breaks using photometric data alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126338 </DOCNO>
Jet launching theory and the vertical structure of a


  The presence of an imposed external magnetic field may drastically influence
the structure of thin accretion discs. The magnetic field energy is here
assumed to be in balance with the thermal energy of the accretion flow. The
vertical magnetic field, its toroidal component B^tor at the disc surface (due
to different rotation rates between disc and its magnetosphere), the turbulent
magnetic Prandtl number and the viscosity-alpha are the key parameters of our
model. Inside the corotation radius for rather small B^tor the resulting
inclination angle i of the magnetic field lines to the disc surface normal can
exceed the critical value 30^\circ (required to launch cold jets) even for
small magnetic Prandtl numbers of order unity. The self-consistent
consideration of both magnetic field and accretion flow demonstrates a weak
dependence of the inclination (``dragging'') angle on the magnetic Prandtl
number for given surface density but a strong dependence on the toroidal field
component at the disc surface.
  A magnetic disc is thicker than a nonmagnetic one for typical parameter
values. The accretion rate can be strongly amplified by large B^tor and small
magnetic Prandtl number. On the other hand, for given accretion rate the
magnetised disc is less massive than the standard-alpha disc. The surface
values of the toroidal magnetic fields which are necessary to induce
considerably high values for the inclination angle are much smaller than
expected and are of order 10^-3 of the imposed vertical field. As the innermost
part of the disc produces the largest B^tor, the largest radial inclination can
be expected also there. The idea is therefore supported that the cold jets are
launched only in the central disc area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98270 </DOCNO>
A note on focus-focus singularities


  We give a topological and geometrical description of focus-focus
singularities of integrable Hamiltonian systems. In particular, we explain why
the monodromy around these singularities is non-trivial, a result obtained
before by J.J. Duistermaat and others for some concrete systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1219 </DOCNO>
Tilt order parameters, polarity and inversion phenomena in smectic


  The order parameters for the phenomenological description of the smectic-{\it
A} to smectic-{\it C} phase transition are formulated on the basis of molecular
symmetry and structure. It is shown that, unless the long molecular axis is an
axis of two-fold or higher rotational symmetry, the ordering of the molecules
in the smectic-{\it C} phase gives rise to more than one tilt order parameter
and to one or more polar order parameters. The latter describe the indigenous
polarity of the smectic-{\it C} phase, which is not related to molecular
chirality but underlies the appearance of spontaneous polarisation in chiral
smectics. A phenomenological theory of the phase transition is formulated by
means of a Landau expansion in two tilt order parameters (primary and
secondary) and an indigenous polarity order parameter. The coupling among these
order parameters determines the possibility of sign inversions in the
temperature dependence of the spontaneous polarisation and of the helical pitch
observed experimentally for some chiral smectic-{\it $C^{\ast}$} materials. The
molecular interpretation of the inversion phenomena is examined in the light of
the new formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76897 </DOCNO>
Massive quark propagator and competition between chiral and diquark


  The Green-function approach has been extended to the moderate baryon density
region in the framework of an extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, and the
thermodynamic potential with both chiral and diquark condensates has been
evaluated by using the massive quark propagator. The phase structure along the
chemical potential direction has been investigated and the strong competition
between the chiral and diquark condensate has been analyzed by investigating
the influence of the diquark condensate on the sharp Fermi surface. The
influence of the diquark condensate on the quark properties has been
investigated, even though the quarks in the color breaking phase are very
different from that in the chiral breaking phase, the difference between quarks
in different colors is very small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86997 </DOCNO>
The First Law of Isolated Horizons via Noether Theorem


  A general recipe proposed elsewhere to define, via Noether theorem, the
variation of energy for a natural field theory is applied to Einstein-Maxwell
theory. The electromagnetic field is analysed in the geometric framework of
natural bundles. Einstein-Maxwell theory turns then out to be natural rather
than gauge-natural. As a consequence of this assumption a correction term \a la
Regge-Teitelboim is needed to define the variation of energy, also for the pure
electromagnetic part of the Einstein-Maxwell Lagrangian. Integrability
conditions for the variational equation which defines the variation of energy
are analysed in relation with boundary conditions on physical data. As an
application the first law of thermodynamics for rigidly rotating horizons is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7049 </DOCNO>
Magnetic structures of RbCuCl_3 in a transverse field


  A recent high-field magnetization experiment found a phase transition of
unknown character in the layered, frustrated antiferromagnet RbCuCl_3, in a
transverse field (in the layers). Motivated by these results, we have examined
the magnetic structures predicted by a model of RbCuCl_3, using the classical
approximation. At small fields, we obtain the structure already known to be
optimal, an incommensurate (IC) spiral with wave vector q in the layers. At
higher fields, we find a staircase of long-period commensurate (C) phases
(separated initially by the low-field IC phase), then two narrow IC phases,
then a fourth IC phase (also with intermediate C phases), and finally the
ferromagnetically aligned phase at the saturation field H_S. The
three-sublattice C states familiar from the theory of the triangular
antiferromagnet are never optimal. The C phases and the two intermediate IC
phases were previously unknown in this context. The magnetization is
discontinuous at a field \approx 0.4H_S, in qualitative agreement with
experiment, though we find much fine structure not reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97048 </DOCNO>
Bi-Hamiltonian structure as a shadow of non-Noether symmetry


  In the present paper correspondence between non-Noether symmetries and
bi-Hamiltonian structures is disscussed. We show that in regular Hamiltonian
systems presence of the global bi-Hamiltonian structure is caused by symmetry
of the space of solution. As an example well known bi-Hamiltonian realisation
of Korteweg- De Vries equation is disscussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114431 </DOCNO>
A Cost-Efficient PC Based Frame Grabber as Beam Diagnostic Tool in an


  Analysis of video images is a common way to determine the properties of an
electron or synchrotron radiation beam. At BESSY a cost-efficient frame grabber
hardware controlled by a Windows PC allows one to perform such an analysis in
real-time. Live video images on the PC monitor give operators a direct view of
the beam, optionally enhanced by artificial coloring and graphical overlays.
The application software has been integrated into the EPICS environment by
including a Channel Access (CA) server. Thus the numerical results and the
application's control commands are accessible over a network through CA Process
Variables. A newly developed C++ class library is used to provide the variables
with the usual attributes required by advanced CA clients such as graphical
display managers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76672 </DOCNO>
Constraints from Accelerator Experiments on the Elastic Scattering of


  We explore the allowed ranges of cross sections for the elastic scattering of
neutralinos \chi on nucleons in the constrained minimal supersymmetric
extension of the Standard Model (CMSSM), in which scalar and gaugino masses are
each assumed to be universal at some input grand unification scale. We extend
previous calculations to larger \tan \beta and investigate the limits imposed
by the recent LEP lower limit on the mass of the Higgs boson and by b \to s
\gamma, and those suggested by g_\mu - 2. The Higgs limit and b \to s \gamma
provide upper limits on the cross section, particularly at small and large \tan
\beta, respectively, and the value of g_\mu - 2 suggests a lower limit on the
cross section for \mu > 0. The spin-independent nucleon cross section is
restricted to the range 6 \times 10^{-8} pb > \sigma_{SI} > 2 \times
10^{-10} pb for \mu > 0, and the spin-dependent nucleon cross section to the
range 10^{-5} pb > \sigma_{SD} > 2 \times 10^{-7} pb. Lower values are allowed
if \mu <0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75033 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Conference Summary


  This talk reviews progress reported at Quark-Matter 2001 on various
theoretical aspects of the quark-gluon plasma and discusses how the new results
obtained at RHIC change the standard picture of ultrarelativistic
nucleus-nucleus collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113717 </DOCNO>
Magneto-Fluid Coupling - Eruptive Events in the Solar Corona


  By modelling the coronal structures by "slowly" evolving Double-Beltrami
two-fluid equilibria (created by the interaction of the magnetic and velocity
fields), the conditions for catastrophic transformations of the original state
are derived. It is shown that, at the transition, much of the magnetic energy
of the original state is converted to the the flow kinetic energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128010 </DOCNO>
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Difference Image Analysis


  We present the first edition of a catalog of variable stars found in the
Magellanic Clouds using OGLE-II data obtained during four years: 1997-2000. The
catalog covers about 7 square degrees of the sky - 21 fields in the Large
Magellanic Cloud and 11 fields in the Small Magellanic Cloud. All variables
were found with the Difference Image Analysis (DIA) software. The catalog is
divided into two sections. The DC section contains FITS reference images
(obtained by co-adding 20 best frames for each field) and profile photometry
(DoPHOT) of all variable stars on those images. The AC section contains flux
variations and magnitudes of detected variable stars obtained with DIA as well
as with DoPHOT. The results are available in electronic form via FTP and
through WWW interface from the OGLE internet archive. Typically, there are
about 400 I-band data points and about 30 V and B-band data points for over
68,000 variables. A detailed analysis and classification of variable stars will
be presented elsewhere. The FTP catalog contains approximately 2Gbytes of data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98645 </DOCNO>
Blow-ups of three-dimensional terminal singularities: cA case


  Divisors with minimal discrepancy over cA points are classified

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77031 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses through see-saw mechanism in 3-3-1 models


  Some years ago it was shown by Ma that in the context of the electroweak
standard model there are, at the tree level, only three ways to generate small
neutrino masses by the see-saw mechanism via one effective dimension-five
operator. Here we extend this approach to 3-3-1 chiral models showing that in
this case there are several dimension-five operators and we also consider their
tree level realization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74816 </DOCNO>
Neutrino deep-inelastic scattering: new experimental and theoretical


  A review of recent experimental and theoretical studies of characteristics of
neutrino deep-inelastic scattering is presented. Special attentition is paid to
the determination of $\alpha_s$ and $1/Q^2$ non-perturbative effects from QCD
fits to $xF_3$ data at different orders of perturbation theory, with the help
of several theoretical methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2761 </DOCNO>
Ising thin films with modulations and surface defects


  Properties of magnetic films are studied in the framework of Ising models. In
particular, we discuss critical phenomena of ferromagnetic Ising films with
straight lines of magnetic adatoms and straight steps on the surface as well as
phase diagrams of the axial next-nearest neighbour Ising (ANNNI) model for thin
films exhibiting various spatially modulated phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1392 </DOCNO>
Evidence of phonon mediated coupling between charge transfer and ligand


  We present a comparative experimental and theoretical investigation of the
two--dimensional charge-transfer gap in the strongly correlated material
Sr$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$. We observe an Urbach behaviour in the absorption profile
over a surprisingly wide range of energies and temperatures. We present a model
that accounts for phonon scattering to infinite order and which allows us to
explain the data accurately by assuming coupling of the charge transfer gap
exciton to lower energy electronic excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113523 </DOCNO>
Thermalization of magnetically trapped metastable helium


  We have observed thermalization by elastic collisions of magnetically trapped
metastable helium atoms. Our method directly samples the reconstruction of a
thermal energy distribution after the application of an RF knife. The
relaxation time of our sample towards equilibrium gives an elastic collision
rate constant close to the unitarity limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74518 </DOCNO>
Secondary antiprotons and propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy and


  High-energy collisions of cosmic-ray nuclei with interstellar gas are
believed to be the mechanism producing the majority of cosmic ray antiprotons.
Due to the kinematics of the process they are created with a nonzero momentum;
the characteristic spectral shape with a maximum at ~2 GeV and a sharp decrease
towards lower energies makes antiprotons a unique probe of models for particle
propagation in the Galaxy and modulation in the heliosphere. On the other hand,
accurate calculation of the secondary antiproton flux provides a ``background''
for searches for exotic signals from the annihilation of supersymmetric
particles and primordial black hole evaporation. Recently new data with large
statistics on both low and high energy antiproton fluxes have become available
which allow such tests to be performed. We use our propagation code GALPROP to
calculate interstellar cosmic-ray propagation for a variety of models. We show
that there is no simple model capable of accurately describing the whole
variety of data: boron/carbon and sub-iron/iron ratios, spectra of protons,
helium, antiprotons, positrons, electrons, and diffuse gamma rays. We find that
only a model with a break in the diffusion coefficient plus convection can
reproduce measurements of cosmic-ray species, and the reproduction of primaries
(p, He) can be further improved by introducing a break in the primary injection
spectra. For our best-fit model we make predictions of proton and antiproton
fluxes near the Earth for different modulation levels and magnetic polarity
using a steady-state drift model of propagation in the heliosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168042 </DOCNO>
A single mode realization of SU(1,1)


  A single mode realization of SU(1,1) algebra is proposed. This realization
makes it possible to reduce the problem of two nonlinear interacting
oscillators to the problem of free moving particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95836 </DOCNO>
Explicit summation of the constituent WKB series and new approximate


  The independent solutions of the one-dimensional Schr\"odinger equation are
approximated by means of the explicit summation of the leading constituent WKB
series. The continuous matching of the particular solutions gives the uniformly
valid analytical approximation to the wavefunctions. The detailed numerical
verification of the proposed approximation is performed for the exactly
solvable problems with different kinds of potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97858 </DOCNO>
A strong uniqueness theorem for planar vector fields


  This work establishes a strong uniqueness property for a class of planar
locally integrable vector fields. A result on pointwise convergence to the
boundary value is also proved for bounded solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149005 </DOCNO>
Split string field theory II


  We describe the ghost sector of cubic string field theory in terms of degrees
of freedom on the two halves of a split string. In particular, we represent a
class of pure ghost BRST operators as operators on the space of half-string
functionals. These BRST operators were postulated by Rastelli, Sen, and
Zwiebach to give a description of cubic string field theory in the closed
string vacuum arising from condensation of a D25-brane in the original
tachyonic theory. We find a class of solutions for the ghost equations of
motion using the pure ghost BRST operators. We find a vanishing action for
these solutions, and discuss possible interpretations of this result. The form
of the solutions we find in the pure ghost theory suggests an analogous class
of solutions in the original theory on the D25-brane with BRST operator Q_B
coupling the matter and ghost sectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99112 </DOCNO>
Seismic inverse scattering in the `wave-equation' approach


  Seismic data are commonly modeled by a high-frequency single scattering
approximation. This amounts to a linearization in the medium coefficient about
a smooth background. The discontinuities are contained in the medium
perturbation. The wave solutions in the background medium admit a geometrical
optics representation. Here we describe the wave propagation in the background
medium by a one-way wave equation. Based on this we derive the
double-square-root equation, which is a first order pseudodifferential
equation, that describes the continuation of seismic data in depth. We consider
the modeling operator, its adjoint and reconstruction based on this equation.
If the rays in the background that are associated with the reflections due to
the perturbation are nowhere horizontal, the singular part of the data is
described by the solution to an inhomogeneous double-square-root equation. We
derive a microlocal reconstruction equation. The main result is a
characterization of the angle transform that generates the common image point
gathers, and a proof that this transform contains no artifacts. Finally,
pseudodifferential annihilators based on the double-square-root equation are
constructed. The double-square-root equation approach is used in seismic data
processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2807 </DOCNO>
Light scattering from disordered overlayers of metallic nanoparticles


  We develop a theory for light scattering from a disordered layer of metal
nanoparticles resting on a sample. Averaging over different disorder
realizations is done by a coherent potential approximation. The calculational
scheme takes into account effects of retardation, multipole excitations, and
interactions with the sample. We apply the theory to a system similar to the
one studied experimentally by Stuart and Hall [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 80}, 5663
(1998)] who used a layered Si/SiO$_2$/Si sample. The calculated results agree
rather well with the experimental ones. In particular we find conspicuous
maxima in the scattering intensity at long wavelengths (much longer than those
corresponding to plasmon resonances in the particles). We show that these
maxima have their origin in interference phenomena in the layered sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174835 </DOCNO>
Charged Hadron Spectra in Au+Au Collisions at a Centre-of-Mass Energy of


  This work concentrates on measurement of global hadronic observables in Au+Au
interactions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 130 GeV, which
mainly address conditions in the final state of the collision. The minimum bias
multiplicity distribution, the transverse momentum (pT), and pseudorapidity
(eta) distributions for charged hadrons (h-, h+) are presented. Results on
identified pi- transverse mass (mT) and rapidity (y) distributions are also
discussed. The data were taken with the STAR detector at BNL-RHIC with emphasis
on particles near mid-rapidity. We find that the h- multiplicity at
mid-rapidity for the 5% most central interactions is dN/d eta = 280 +/- 1 +/-
20, an increase per participant of 38% relative to p-pbar collisions at similar
energy. The mean transverse momentum is 0.508 +/- 0.012 GeV/c and is larger
than in Pb+Pb collisions at lower energies. The scaling of the h- yield per
participant nucleon pair, obtained via a ratio of Au+Au to p-pbar pT
distributions, is a strong function of pT. The pseudorapidity distribution is
almost constant within |eta|<1. The pi- rapidity distribution is also flat
around mid-rapidity in the region y<0.8, with a yield of pions for central
collisions of dN/dy = 287 +/- 1 +/- 21. However, the slope of the mT
distributions is not the same for different rapidity bins, suggesting that
boost-invariance is not fully achieved in the collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2065 </DOCNO>
Correlations Between Reconstructed EUR Exchange Rates vs. CHF, DKK, GBP,


  On Jan. 1, 1999 the European Union introduced a common currency Euro ($EUR$),
to become the legal currency in all eleven countries which form the $EUR$. In
order to test the $EUR$ behavior and understand various features, the $EUR$
exchange rate is artificially extrapolated back to 1993 by a linear
superposition of the exchange rates of the 11 currencies composing $EUR$ with
respect to several currencies not belonging to the $EUR$, i.e. Swiss Franc
($CHF$), Danish Kroner ($DKK$), British Pound ($GBP$), Japanese Yen ($JPY$) and
U.S. Dollar ($USD$) of interest for reasons given in the text. The distribution
of fluctuations of the exchange rates is shown to be Gaussian for the central
part of the distribution, and having fat tails for the large size fluctuations.
Within the {\it Detrended Fluctuation Analysis} ($DFA$) statistical method we
have obtained the power law behavior describing the root-mean-square deviation
of the exchange rate fluctuations as a function of time. For the period between
Jan. 1995 and Jan. 1999 we have compared the time-dependent exponent of these
exchange rate fluctuations for $EUR$ and that of the 11 currencies which form
the $EUR$. The German Mark ($DEM$) and the French Franc ($FRF$) have been the
currencies primarily leading the fluctuations of the exchange rates, while
Italian Lira ($ITL$) and ($PTE$) Portuguese Escudo are the less relevant
currencies from this point of view. Technical considerations for the $EUR$
implementation are given as conclusions. The cases of exchange rates with $DKK$
appear quite different from the other four major currencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73859 </DOCNO>
Robustness of the inflationary perturbation spectrum to trans-Planckian


  It is investigated if predictions of the inflationary scenario regarding
spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations generated from quantum vacuum
fluctuations are robust with respect to a modification of the dispersion law
for frequencies beyond the Planck scale. For a large class of such
modifications of special and general relativity, for which the WKB condition is
not violated at super-high frequencies, the predictions remain unchanged. The
opposite possibility is excluded by the absence of large amount of created
particles due to the present Universe expansion. Creation of particles in the
quantum state minimizing the energy density of a given mode at the moment of
Planck boundary crossing is prohibited by the latter argument, too (contrary to
creation in the adiabatic vacuum state which is very small now).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96226 </DOCNO>
Reduced arithmetically Gorenstein schemes and simplicial polytopes with


  An SI-sequence is a finite sequence of positive integers which is symmetric,
unimodal and satisfies a certain growth condition. These are known to
correspond precisely to the possible Hilbert functions of Artinian Gorenstein
algebras with the Weak Lefschetz Property, a property shared by most Artinian
Gorenstein algebras. Starting with an arbitrary SI-sequence, we construct a
reduced, arithmetically Gorenstein configuration $G$ of linear varieties of
arbitrary dimension whose Artinian reduction has the given SI-sequence as
Hilbert function and has the Weak Lefschetz Property. Furthermore, we show that
$G$ has maximal graded Betti numbers among all arithmetically Gorenstein
subschemes of projective space whose Artinian reduction has the Weak Lefschetz
Property and the given Hilbert function. As an application we show that over a
field of characteristic zero every set of simplicial polytopes with fixed
$h$-vector contains a polytope with maximal graded Betti numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4075 </DOCNO>
Correlation functions for composite operators in the Hubbard model


  We compute the correlation functions for antiferromagnetic and d-wave
superconducting fermion bilinears in a generalized mean field type
approximation for the Hubbard model. For high temperature our explicit
expressions show that homogeneous field configurations are preferred for these
composite bosons. Below a critical temperature we find spontaneous symmetry
breaking with homogeneous expectation values of the composite fields. Our
results can be used to device a nonperturbative flow equation for the
exploration of the low temperature regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85998 </DOCNO>
Information, Expansive Nondecelerative Universe, and Superstring Theory


  Stemming from relationships between a number of information describing a
system and entropy content of the system it is possible to determine maximal
cosmological time. The contribution manifests a compatibility of the
superstring theory and the model of Expansive Nondecelerative Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74264 </DOCNO>
Static properties of chiral models with SU(3) group structure


  We investigate the strangeness in the framework of chiral models, such as the
Skyrmion, MIT bag, chiral bag and superqualiton models, with SU(3) flavor group
structure. We review the recent progresses in both the theoretical paradigm and
experimental verification for strange hadron physics, and in particular the
SAMPLE experiment results on the proton strange form factor. We study the color
flavor locking phase in the color superconducting quark matter at high density,
which might exist in the core of neutron stars, in the soliton-like
superqualiton description. We explain the difficulties encountered in the
application of the standard Dirac quantization to the Skyrmion and
superqualiton models and treat the geometrical constraints of these soliton
models properly to yield the relevant mass spectrum including the Weyl ordering
corrections and the BRST symmetry structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98417 </DOCNO>
mm-Spaces and group actions


  These are introductory notes on some aspects of concentration of measure in
the presence of an acting group and its links to Ramsey theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5351 </DOCNO>
Theory of Fast Quantum Control of Exciton Dynamics in Semiconductor


  Optical techniques for the quantum control of the dynamics of multiexciton
states in a semiconductor quantum dot are explored in theory. Composite
bichromatic phase-locked pulses are shown to reduce the time of elementary
quantum operations on excitons and biexcitons by an order of magnitude or more.
Analytic and numerical methods of designing the pulse sequences are
investigated. Fidelity of the operation is used to gauge its quality. A
modified Quantum Fourier Transform algorithm is constructed with only Rabi
rotations and is shown to reduce the number of operations. Application of the
designed pulses to the algorithm is tested by a numerical simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125259 </DOCNO>
Caltech Faint Galaxy Redshift Survey XV: Classification of Galaxies with


  To circumvent the spatial effects of resolution on galaxy classification, the
images of 233 objects of known redshift in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) and its
Flanking Fields (FF) that have redshifts in the range 0.20 < z < 1.10 were
degraded to the resolution that they would have had if they were all located at
a redshift z= 1.00. As in paper XIV of the present series, the effects of
shifts in rest wavelength were mitigated by using R-band images for the
classification of galaxies with 0.2 < z < 0.6 and I-band images for objects
with redshifts 0.6 < z < 1.1. A special effort was made to search for bars in
distant galaxies. The present data strongly confirm the previous conclusion
that the Hubble tuning fork diagram only provides a satisfactory framework for
the classification of galaxies with z ~< 0.3. More distant disk galaxies are
often difficult to shoehorn into the Hubble classification scheme. The paucity
of barred spirals and of grand-design spirals at large redshifts is confirmed.
It is concluded that the morphology of disk galaxies observed at look-back
times smaller than 3--4 Gyr differs systematically from that of more distant
galaxies viewed at look-back times of 4--8 Gyr. The disks of late-type spirals
at z >0.5 are seen to be more chaotic than those of their nearer counterparts.
Furthermore the spiral structure in distant early-type spirals appears to be
less well-developed than it is in nearby early-galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4758 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Fluctuations in Granular Metals with a Large Coupling


  We study the fluctuation conductivity of superconducting granular metals at
low temperatures and strong magnetic field destroying the Cooper pairs.
Explicit calculations are performed for larger values of the coupling between
the grains than those considered in previous works. We show that in a broad
region of the coupling constants the superconducting fluctuations still
significantly reduce the conductivity leading to a negative magnetoresistance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3291 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of the ohmic conductivity and activation energy


  The ohmic conductivity of the sol-gel derived Pb1+y(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 thin films
(with the excess lead y=0.0 to 0.4) are investigated using low frequency small
signal alternate current (AC) and direct current (DC) methods. Its temperature
dependence shows two activation energies of 0.26 and 0.12 eV depending on
temperature range and excess Pb levels. The former is associated with Pb3+
acceptor centers, while the latter could be due to a different defect level yet
to be identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179128 </DOCNO>
Elliptic flow from an on-shell parton cascade


  Differential elliptic flow out to p_t ~ 5 GeV/c is calculated using the MPC
elastic parton cascade model for Au+Au at Ecm ~ 130A GeV. The results are
compared to recent STAR/RHIC elliptic flow data. An elliptic flow pattern
comparable to the data seems to require initial parton densities at least twice
higher than predicted by the HIJING model. Elliptic flow is also shown to be
sensitive to the hadronization procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148615 </DOCNO>
Reverse Engineering ADHM Construction from Non-Commutative Instantons


  We study the non-commutative instanton solution proposed in hep-th/0009142
and obtain the spectrum of small oscillations. The spectrum thus obtained is in
exact agreement with the spectrum of stringy excitations in a configuration of
point like D0 branes sitting on top of D4-branes with a uniform magnetic field
turned on in the world-volume of the D4-branes in the Seiberg-Witten decoupling
limit. This provides further evidence for the solution of hep-th/0009142 and
also enables us recover the ADHM data from the 0-4 string spectrum.
Generalizations to higher co-dimension solitons are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128021 </DOCNO>
The Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer probes the


  The Chandra HETGS spectra of the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG--6-30-15 show numerous
narrow, unresolved (FWHM < 200 km/s) absorption lines from a wide range of
ionization states of N, O, Mg, Ne, Si, S, Ar, and Fe. The initial analysis of
these data, presented in Lee et al. (2001), shows that a dusty warm absorber
model adequately explains the spectral features > 0.48 keV (< 26 A). We
attribute previous reports of an apparently highly redshifted O VII edge to the
neutral Fe L absorption complex and the O VII resonance series (by transitions
higher than He $\gamma$; He $\alpha,\beta,\gamma$ are also seen at lower
energies). The implied dust column density needed to explain the FeI L edge
feature agrees with that obtained from earlier reddening studies, which had
already concluded that the dust should be associated with the ionized absorber
(given the relatively lower observed X-ray absorption by cold gas). Our
findings contradict the interpretation of Branduardi-Raymont et al. (2001),
based on XMM-Newton RGS spectra, that this spectral region is dominated by
highly relativistic soft X-ray line emission originating near the central black
hole. Here we review these issues pertaining to the soft X-ray spectral
features as addressed by Lee et al., (2001). (Details found in Lee et al.,
2001, ApJ., 554, L13)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98610 </DOCNO>
Complete positive group presentations


  A combinatorial property of prositive group presentations, called
completeness, is introduced, with an effective criterion for recognizing
complete presentations, and an iterative method for completing an incomplete
presentation. We show how to directly read several properties of the associated
monoid and group from a complete presentation: cancellativity or existence of
common multiples in the case of the monoid, or isoperimetric inequality in the
case of the group. In particular, we obtain a new criterion for recognizing
that a monoid embeds in a group of fractions. Typical presentations eligible
for the current approach are the standard presentations of the Artin groups and
the Heisenberg group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74283 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Self-interacting Warm Dark Matter"


  Hannestad and Scherrer analysed self-interacting Warm and Hot Dark Matter and
found power spectra in disagreement with previous papers. We argue that they
include self-interactions in a weak-coupling approximation, as for photons
after recombination. The ``tightly coupled'' approximation used for
pre-recombination photons, and previous discussions of self-interacting HMD,
would have been more appropriate. Their approximation generates a Boltzmann
hierarchy leading to a stiff system of equations. Furthermore contamination by
gauge modes could invalidate their results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3514 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous vortex phase in ErNi2B2C


  Below T_{WFM} ~ 2.75K, a weak ferromagnetism and superconductivity coexist in
ErNi2B2C. In the present paper, a possibility of a spontaneous vortex phase was
examined directly by small angle neutron scattering technique. An external
magnetic field was applied to align ferromagnetic domains so that the internal
magnetic field induced by the weak ferromagnetism becomes uniform and uniaxial
over the bulk sample. When the field is removed, the flux line lattice
subsisted below T_{WFM} but disappeared above it. A pinning effect is also
discussed. We conclude that the spontaneous vortex state is realized in
ErNi2B2C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6152 </DOCNO>
Noncrossing Approximation for the Anisotropic Kondo Model: Charge


  The noncrossing approximation (NCA) is generalized to the multi-channel
Kondo-spin Hamiltonian with arbitrary anisotropic exchange couplings and an
external magnetic field, and applied -- in the framework of Matveev's mapping
-- to the charge fluctuations in a single-electron box at the Coulomb blockade.
The temperature dependences of the charge step and the capacitance are
calculated for a narrow point contact. At low temperatures and close to the
degeneracy point, the capacitance line shape exhibits an approximate scaling
with U/\sqrt{T}, where U is the deviation in gate voltage from the degeneracy
point. This scaling relation is proposed as a sharp experimental diagnostic for
the non-Fermi-liquid physics of the system at low temperatures. Both the
reliability and shortcomings of the Kondo NCA are discussed in detail. Through
comparison with poor-man's scaling, we are able to pinpoint the omission of
particle-particle processes as the origin of the NCA flaws. An extended
diagrammatic scheme is devised to amend the NCA flaws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169274 </DOCNO>
Darboux transformations and hidden quadratic supersymmetry of the


  A matricial Darboux operator intertwining two one-dimensional stationary
Dirac Hamiltonians is constructed. This operator is such that the potential of
the second Dirac Hamiltonian as well as the corresponding eigenfunctions are
determined through the knowledge of only two eigenfunctions of the first Dirac
Hamiltonian. Moreover this operator together with its adjoint and the two
Hamiltonians generate a quadratic deformation of the superalgebra subtending
the usual supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Our developments are illustrated on
the free particle case and the generalized Coulomb interaction. In the latter
case, a relativistic counterpart of shape-invariance is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72438 </DOCNO>
Full electroweak one-loop radiative corrections to squark decays in the


  We present results on the full one-loop electroweak radiative corrections to
the squark decay partial widths into charginos and neutralinos. We show the
renormalization framework, and present numerical results for the third squark
family. The corrections can reach values of ~ 10%, which are comparable to the
radiative corrections from the strong sector of the model. Therefore they
should be taken into account for the precise extraction of the SUSY parameters
at future colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96373 </DOCNO>
Group analysis of hydrodynamic-type systems


  We study point and higher symmetries for the hydrodynamic-type systems with
two independent variables $t$ and $x$ with and without explicit dependence of
the equations on $t,x$. We consider those systems which possess an
infinite-dimensional group of the hydrodynamic symmetries, establish existence
conditions for this property and, using it, derive linearizing transformations
for these systems. The recursion operators for symmetries are obtained and used
for constructing infinite series of exact solutions of the studied equations.
Higher symmetries, i.e. the Lie-Backlund transformation groups, are also
studied and the interrelation between the existence conditions for higher
symmetries and recursion operators is established. More complete results are
obtained for two-component systems, though $n$-component systems are also
studied. In particular, we consider Hamiltonian and semi-Hamiltonian systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128075 </DOCNO>
Synthetic Color-Magnitude Diagrams for omega Centauri and Other Massive


  We have constructed synthetic color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) for omega Cen
and other massive globular clusters with apparently peculiar CMD morphology.
Our population models, which adopt the most up-to-date input physics and
parameters, show that the observed CMD of omega Cen can be reproduced by
adopting (1) multimodal metallicity distribution function as derived from the
observed color distribution of red-giant-branch (RGB) stars, and (2) an
internal age-metallicty relation among the populations therein. Similar results
were obtained for other massive globular clusters with bimodal
horizontal-branches (HBs). In particular, we found that the peculiar CMD
morphology (broad RGB, bimodal HB) and properties of RR Lyrae stars observed in
NGC 6388 and NGC 6441 can be reproduced by the composite of two distinct
populations with mild internal age-metallicity relations. This suggests that
these clusters, as well as omega Cen, may represent the relicts of disrupted
dwarf galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41752 </DOCNO>
A Purity Monitoring System for the H1 Liquid Argon Calorimeter


  The ionization probes used for monitoring the liquid argon purity in the H1
calorimeter are described and results of their operation in tests at CERN and
during the period 1992 to the end of 1998 at HERA are given. The high
sensitivity of the charge measurements leads to refined charge collection
models, and to the observation of a variation of the ionization yield of our
electron sources with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75474 </DOCNO>
Neutrino opacity in magnetised hot and dense nuclear matter


  We study the neutrino interaction rates in hot matter at high densities in
the presence of uniform magnetic field. The neutrino cross-sections involving
both the charged current absorption and neutral current scattering reactions on
baryons and leptons have been considered. We have in particular considered the
interesting case when the magnetic field is strong enough to completely
polarise the protons and electrons in supernovae and neutron stars. The opacity
in such a situation is considerably modified and the cross-section develops
anisotropy. This has implications for phenomenon invoked in the literature to
explain the observed pulsar kicks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179178 </DOCNO>
The nuclear equation of state probed by $K^+$ production in heavy ion


  The dependence of $K^+$ production on the nuclear equation of state is
investigated in heavy ion collisions. An increase of the excitation function of
$K^+$ multiplicities obtained in heavy ($Au+Au$) over light ($C+C$) systems
when going far below threshold which has been observed by the KaoS
Collaboration strongly favours a soft equation of state. This observation holds
despite of the influence of an in-medium kaon potential predicted by effective
chiral models which is necessary to reproduce the experimental $K^+$ yields.
Phase space effects are discussed with respect to the $K^+$ excitation
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4295 </DOCNO>
Kondo Effect, Spin Charge Separation and Controlled Dephasing


  In this work we analyze how coherent transport through a Quantum Dot (QD) in
the Kondo regime is affected by the capacitive interaction with a nearby biased
Quantum Point Contact (QPC). We find that, as a result of spin-charge
separation, the width of the Kondo resonance is hardly affected by the
interaction with the QPC. However, the spectral weight of the Kondo peak is
reduced leading to an observable suppression of the conductance and the elastic
transmission probability through the QD. This provides an example where one can
observe dephasing without any additional resonance broadening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148973 </DOCNO>
Correlation Functions in Holographic Renormalization Group Flows


  We consider the holographic duality for a generic bulk theory of scalars
coupled to gravity. By studying the fluctuations around Poincare invariant
backgrounds with non-vanishing scalars, with the scalar and metric boundary
conditions considered as being independent, we obtain all one- and two-point
functions in the dual renormalization group flows of the boundary field theory.
Operator and vev flows are explicitly distinguished by means of the physical
condensates. The method is applied to the GPPZ and Coulomb branch flows, and
field theoretical expectations are confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123413 </DOCNO>
Spatially resolved spectroscopy of Cassiopeia A with MECS on board


  We have performed the first detailed spatially resolved spectroscopy of Cas A
in the 1.6-10 keV energy range, using data taken with the MECS spectrometer on
board the BeppoSAX Observatory. We performed a spatial deconvolution of the
data and eventually generated a set of spectra, covering a region of about 3
arcmin radius around the centre of Cas A. The results obtained by fitting these
spectra using a non-equilibrium ionisation plasma model and a power law, are:
(i) a single thermal component is sufficient to fit all the spectra; (ii) kT is
rather uniformly distributed with a minimum in the east and a maximum in the
west, and no evidence is found for high kT expected from the interaction of the
main shock with the ISM; (iii) from the distribution of the values of the
ionisation parameter n_et we infer the presence of two distinct components: the
first (a) in the range 1-10 cm^(-3), the second (b) with values ten times
higher; if we associate component a to the CSM and component b to the ejecta,
the mass ratio M(a)/M(b)<= 1/10 indicates a progenitor star that lost only a
small fraction of the envelope during its pre-SN life. In this hypothesis the
distribution of component b across the remnant suggests that the explosion was
not spherically symmetric; (iv) the distribution of abundances indicates that
we are detecting a CSM component with almost solar composition, and an ejecta
component enriched in heavier elements. Abundances found for alpha-elements are
consistent with the current view that Cas A was produced by the explosion of a
massive star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74198 </DOCNO>
Large Neutrino Mixing in Grand Unified Theories


  A non-minimal, semi-realistic version of supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified
theory is discussed. The solution of the doublet-triplet splitting problem
leads to a better agreement between the predicted and observed values of the
low-energy strong coupling constant and to a prolongation of the proton
lifetime. A U(1) flavor symmetry allows to accommodate a realistic mass
spectrum in the charged and in the neutral fermion sectors and protects
doublet-triplet splitting and proton decay from dangerous radiative corrections
or non-renormalizable operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95425 </DOCNO>
Oka's principle for holomorphic submersions with sprays


  We prove a theorem of M. Gromov (Oka's principle for holomorphic sections of
elliptic bundles, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2, 851-897, 1989) to the effect that
sections of certain holomorphic submersions h from a complex manifold Z onto a
Stein manifold X satisfy the Oka principle, meaning that the inclusion of the
space of holomorphic sections into the space of continuous sections is a weak
homotopy equivalence. The Oka principle holds if the submersion admits a
fiber-dominating spray over a small neighborhood of any point in X. This
extends a classical result of Grauert (Holomorphe Funktionen mit Werten in
komplexen Lieschen Gruppen, Math. Ann. 133, 450-472, 1957). Gromov's result has
been used in the proof of the embedding theorems for Stein manifolds and Stein
spaces into Euclidean spaces of minimal dimension (Y. Eliashberg and M. Gromov,
Ann. Math. 136, 123-135, 1992; J. Schurmann, Math. Ann. 307, 381-399, 1997).
For further extensions see the preprints math.CV/0101034, math.CV/0107039, and
math.CV/0110201.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149087 </DOCNO>
N=2 Gauge Theories from Wrapped Five-branes


  We present string duals of four dimensional N=2 pure SU(N) SYM theory. The
theory is obtained as the low energy limit of D5-branes wrapped on non-trivial
two-cycles. Using seven dimensional gauged supergravity and uplifting the
result to ten dimensions, we obtain solutions corresponding to various points
of the N=2 moduli space. The more symmetric solution may correspond to a point
with rotationally invariant classical vevs. By turning on seven dimensional
scalar fields, we find a solution corresponding to a linear distribution of
vevs. Both solutions are conveniently studied with a D5-probe, which also
confirms many of the standard expectations for N=2 solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124053 </DOCNO>
TeV observations of SNRs and unidentified sources


  A review of very high energy gamma-ray astronomy is presented. Particular
attention is paid to the atmospheric Cherenkov imaging technique whose
employment has resulted in detections of both galactic and extra-galactic
objects at energies above 300GeV. Next generation ground-based telescopes
promise to increase our knowledge of extreme astrophysical objects as they
begin to operate over the next few years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81136 </DOCNO>
Direct Laplacian Center Gauge


  We introduce a variation of direct maximal center gauge fixing: the ``direct
Laplacian'' center gauge. The new procedure overcomes certain shortcomings of
maximal center gauge, associated with Gribov copies, that were pointed out by
Bornyakov et al. in hep-lat/0009035.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85730 </DOCNO>
Dirac Decomposition of Wheeler-DeWitt Equation on the Bianchi Class A


  The Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the Bianchi Class A cosmological models is
expressed generally in terms of the second-order differential equation like the
Klein-Gordon equation. To obtain the positive-definite probability density, a
new method extending the Dirac-Square-Root formalism, which factorizes the
Wheeler-DeWitt equation into the first-order differential equation using the
Pauli matrices, is investigated. The solutions to the Dirac type equation thus
obtained are expressed in terms of two-component spinor form. The probability
density defined by the solution is positive-definite and there is a conserved
current. The newly found spin-like degree of freedom causes the universe to go
through an early quantum stage of evolution with agitated
anisotropy-oscillation like Zitterbewegung.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113963 </DOCNO>
Ionospheric manifestations of geomagnetic pulsations at high latitudes


  In this paper the interrelation between geomagnetic pulsations and variations
in frequency Doppler shift (Fd) of the ionosphere-reflected radio signal is
under investigation. The experiment on simultaneous recording of Fd variations
and geomagnetic pulsations was organised at high latitude station in Norilsk
(geomagnetic latitude and longitude 64.2 N, 160.4 E, L=5.3) during
Febrary-April of 1995-98. Thirty cases of simultaneous recording of duration
from 10 min to two hour were analysed: 6 cases of simultaneous recording of
variations Fd and regular geomagnetic pulsations Pc5; and 25 cases of recording
of Fd variations and irregular pulsations Pi2.
   On the basis of experimental results, the following conclusions have been
drawn: a) Hydromagnetic waves in the range of regular Pc5 pulsations, when
interacting with the ionospheric F2 layer, make the main contribution to
short-period Fd variations. The possible mechanism of Fd variations are
oscillations of electron density, associated with distribution of a
hydromagnetic wave in an ionosphere. b) There exists an unquestionable
interrelation between Fd variations of the sporadic E layer-reflected radio
signal and irregular Pi2 pulsations, but for some reasons it is traced poorly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2799 </DOCNO>
Transmission Studies of Left-handed Materials


  Left-handed materials are studied numerically using an improved version of
the transfer-matrix method. The transmission, reflection, the phase of the
reflection and the absorption are calculated and compared with experiments for
both single split-ring resonators (SRR) with negative permeability and
left-handed materials (LHMs) which have both the permittivity and permeability
negative. Our results suggest ways of positively identifying materials that
have both permittivity and permeability negative, from materials that have
either permeability or permittivity negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76050 </DOCNO>
Accessing transversity with interference fragmentation functions


  We discuss in detail the option to access the transversity distribution
function $h_1(x)$ by utilizing the analyzing power of interference
fragmentation functions in two-pion production inside the same current jet. The
transverse polarization of the fragmenting quark is related to the transverse
component of the relative momentum of the hadron pair via a new azimuthal
angle. As a specific example, we spell out thoroughly the way to extract
$h_1(x)$ from a measured single spin asymmetry in two-pion inclusive
lepton-nucleon scattering. To estimate the sizes of observable effects we
employ a spectator model for the fragmentation functions. The resulting
asymmetry of our example is discussed as arising in different scenarios for the
transversity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127292 </DOCNO>
Understanding the Optimal Redshift Range for the Supernovae Hubble


  The supernovae Hubble diagram traces the expansion history of the universe,
including the influence of dark energy. Its use to probe the cosmological model
can fruitfully be guided by heuristic study of the features of the model
curves. By relating these directly to the physics of the expansion we can
understand simply the optimal redshift range for supernovae observations,
requiring a survey depth of z=1.5-2 to distinguish evolution in dark energy
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 120 </DOCNO>
Localized 4f States and Dynamic Jahn-Teller Effect in PrO2


  Neutron spectroscopic measurements of the magnetic excitations in PrO$_2$
reveal (1) sharp peaks characteristic of transitions between levels of the
$4f^1$ configuration of Pr$^{4+}$ split by the cubic crystal field, and (2)
broad bands of scattering centred near 30 meV and 160 meV. We present a simple
model based on a vibronic Hamiltonian that accounts for the main features of
the data. The analysis shows that $90\pm10$% of the Pr ions have a localized
$4f^1$ configuration and provides strong evidence for a dynamic Jahn-Teller
effect in the $\Gamma_8$ electronic ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1031 </DOCNO>
Self-trapping and stable localized modes in nonlinear photonic crystals


  We predict the existence of stable nonlinear localized modes near the band
edge of a two-dimensional reduced-symmetry photonic crystal with a Kerr
nonlinearity. Employing the technique based on the Green function, we reveal a
physical mechanism of the mode stabilization associated with the effective
nonlinear dispersion and long-range interaction in the photonic crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126008 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Mid-Infrared Imaging of Infrared Luminous Starburst


  Observations for seven infrared luminous starburst galaxies are reported in
the mid-infrared from 8 - 18 microns using the Keck Telescopes with spatial
resolution approaching the diffraction limit. All of the galaxies observed show
evidence of strong interactions based on optical morphologies. For these
galaxies, a substantial fraction, usually more than 50%, of the infrared
luminosity is generated in regions ranging in sizes from 100pc -- 1 Kpc.
Nuclear starbursts often dominate the infrared luminosity, but this is not
always true. In some galaxies, most notably NGC 6090, substantial infrared
luminosity greatly in excess of the nuclear luminosity is generated in regions
associated with the physical interaction between two galaxies. The radio
emission is a good tracer of the location of high luminosity young stars. The
visual/ultraviolet radiation output of the nearby star forming galaxies is
dominated by emission from regions that are generally not producing the copious
infrared luminosity of the systems. The regions of high infrared luminosity in
local starburst galaxies are significantly smaller than the galaxies as a
whole. The integrated spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these galaxies
are very different from the SEDs of the regions of star formation. If the SEDs
of star-forming regions in these galaxies reflect the SEDs found in forming
galaxies at high redshift, the distant galaxies should be dominated by the mid
and far-infrared luminosity output far more than the integrated luminous output
of nearby starburst galaxies would suggest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4319 </DOCNO>
Collision Drag Effect on Propagation of Sound in Liquid ${}^3$He in


  Sound propagation in a Fermi liquid with impurities is studied using the
Landau-Boltzmann equation and the result is compared with a recent experiment
in liquid ${}^3$He in aerogel by Northwestern University group. The sound
absorption calculated using the fixed impurity model is a few orders of
magnitude larger than the experiment. We take into account the simultaneous
motion of aerogel molecules and propose a model in which the momentum loss of
${}^3$He quasi-particles during the collisions with the aerogel is converted to
a drag force that acts on the aerogel molecules. This collision drag model
gives a reasonable description for the temperature and the pressure dependence
of observed sound velocity and absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95436 </DOCNO>
Hyperelliptic jacobians without complex multiplication in positive


  We prove that in odd characteristic the jacobian of a hyperelliptic curve
$y^2=f(x)$ has no nontrivial endomorphisms over an algebraic closure of the
ground field if the Galois group of the polynomial $f$ of even degree is ``very
big". The case of characteristic zero was previously treated by the author
(Math. Res. Letters 7(2000), 123--132).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2382 </DOCNO>
Normal state resistivity, upper critical field and Hall effect in


  The normal state resistivtity, upper critical field $H_{c2}$ and Hall
coefficient $R_H$ in superconducting perovskite $MgCNi_3$ ($T_c \approx 8 K$)
have been studied. Above 70 K, $\rho(T)$ fits well curve predicted by
Bloch-Gr\"{u}neisen theory consistently with electron-phonon scattering.
$H_{c2}(0)$ was estimated to be about 15.0 Tesla within the weak-coupling BCS
theory, and the superconducting coherence length $\xi(0)$ is approximately 47
\AA. $R_H$ of $MgCNi_3$ is negative for the whole temperature range which
definitely indicates that the carrier in $MgCNi_3$ is electron-type. $R_H$ is
temperature independent between $T_c$ and $\sim$ 140 K. Above $\sim$ 140 K, the
magnitude of $R_H$ decreases as temperature rises. At T = 100 K, the carrier
density is $1.0 \times 10^{22}/cm^3$, which is comparable with that in
perovskite $(Ba,K)BiO_3$, and less than that of the metallic binary $MgB_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3870 </DOCNO>
Coherent low-energy charge transport in a diffusive S-N-S junction


  We have studied the current voltage characteristics of diffusive mesoscopic
Nb-Cu-Nb Josephson junctions with highly-transparent Nb-Cu interfaces. We
consider the low-voltage and high-temperature regime eV<\epsilon_{c}<k_{B}T
where epsilon_{c} is the Thouless energy. The observed excess current as well
as the observed sub-harmonic Shapiro steps under microwave irradiation suggest
the occurrence of low-energy coherent Multiple Andreev Reflection (MAR).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148560 </DOCNO>
Properties of the Konishi multiplet in N=4 SYM theory


  We study perturbative and non-perturbative properties of the Konishi
multiplet in N=4 SYM theory in D=4 dimensions. We compute two-, three- and
four-point Green functions with single and multiple insertions of the lowest
component of the multiplet, and of the lowest component of the supercurrent
multiplet. These computations require a proper definition of the renormalized
operator and lead to an independent derivation of its anomalous dimension. The
O(g^2) value found in this way is in agreement with previous results. We also
find that instanton contributions to the above correlators vanish. From our
results we are able to identify some of the lowest dimensional gauge-invariant
composite operators contributing to the OPE of the correlation functions we
have computed. We thus confirm the existence of an operator belonging to the
representation 20', which has vanishing anomalous dimension at order g^2 and
g^4 in perturbation theory as well as at the non-perturbative level, despite
the fact that it does not obey any of the known shortening conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99045 </DOCNO>
Local cocycles and central extensions for multi-point algebras of


  Multi-point algebras of Krichever Novikov type for higher genus Riemann
surfaces are generalisations of the Virasoro algebra and its related algebras.
Complete existence and uniqueness results for local 2-cocycles defining
almost-graded central extensions of the functions algebra, the vector field
algebra, and the differential operator algebra (of degree \le 1) are shown.
This is applied to the higher genus, multi-point affine algebras to obtain
uniqueness for almost-graded central extensions of the current algebra of a
simple finite-dimensional Lie algebra. An earlier conjecture of the author
concerning the central extension of the differential operator algebra induced
by the semi-infinite wedge representations is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 579 </DOCNO>
The Solution of the Modified Helmholtz Equation in a Triangular Domain


  A new transform method for solving boundary value problems for linear and
integrable nonlinear PDEs recently introduced in the literature is used here to
obtain the solution of the modified Helmholtz equation
q_{xx}(x,y)+q_{yy}(x,y)-4b^2q(x,y)=0 in the triangular domain 0 < x < L-y < L,
with mixed boundary conditions. This solution is applied to the problem of
diffusion-limited coalescence, A + A <--> A, in the segment (-L/2,L/2), with
traps at the edges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40797 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the Cross Section for e+e- -> hadrons at Center-of-Mass


  We report values of $R = \sigma(e^+e^-\to
{hadrons})/\sigma(e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^-)$ for 85 center-of-mass energies between
2 and 5 GeV measured with the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer at the Beijing
Electron-Positron Collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148605 </DOCNO>
"New" boundary conditions in integrable lattice models


  We consider the case of an integrable quantum spin chain with ``soliton
non-preserving'' boundary conditions. This is the first time that such boundary
conditions have been considered in the spin chain framework. We construct the
transfer matrix of the model, we study its symmetry and we find explicit
expressions for its eigenvalues. Moreover, we derive a new set of Bethe ansatz
equations by means of the analytical Bethe ansatz method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40883 </DOCNO>
A High-Pt Trigger for the HERA-B Experiment


  We have constructed a high-$p_T$ trigger for the HERA-B experiment at DESY.
The HERA-B experiment produces B mesons by inserting wire targets into the halo
of the proton beam circulating in HERA. The high-\pt trigger records events
that contain tracks that have high transverse momentum with respect to the
beam. Such a trigger is efficient for recording $B \to \pi^+\pi^-$, $B \to
K^-\pi^+$, $B_s \to K^+ K^-$, $B_s \to D_s^-\pi^+$, and other topical hadronic
B decays. These decays provide sensitivity to the internal angles $\alpha$ and
$\gamma$ of the CKM unitarity triangle, and they also can be used to measure or
constrain the $B_s$-$\bar B_s$ mixing parameter $x_s$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7420 </DOCNO>
Distribution function of electrons and phonons in semiconductors and


  The distribution function of electrons and phonons interacting with electrons
in semiconductors and semimetals in high electric and quantizing magnetic
fields as a result of the solution of the coupled system of equations for the
density matrixes of electrons and phonons is obtained. The effects of heating
of electrons and phonons and their arbitrary mutual drag are taken into
account. The dispersion relation of energy of electrons is assumed to be
arbitrarily spherically symmetric one. The spectrum of phonons is assumed to be
isotropic.
  The distribution function of electrons, phonons, the amplification
coefficient of phonons and the dependence of chemical potential on "E", "H",
"n" and "T_e" are obtained.
  The distribution function of phonons is obtained for arbitrary drift
velocities of phonons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1045 </DOCNO>
The anisotropic Ashkin-Teller model: a renormalization group study


  The two-dimensional ferromagnetic anisotropic Ashkin-Teller model is
investigated through a real-space renormalization-group approach. The critical
frontier, separating five distinct phases, recover all the known exacts results
for the square lattice. The correlation length $(\nu_T)$ and crossover $(\phi)$
critical exponents are also calculated. With the only exception of the
four-state Potts critical point, the entire phase diagram belongs to the Ising
universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75254 </DOCNO>
Composite quarks and leptons in higher space-time dimensions


  A new approach towards the composite structure of quarks and leptons in the
context of the higher dimensional unified theories is proposed. Owing to the
certain strong dynamics, much like an ordinary QCD, every possible vectorlike
multiplets of composites appear in higher dimensional bulk space-time, however,
through a proper Sherk-Schwarz compactification only chiral set of composite
quarks and leptons survive as the massless states in four dimensions. In this
scenario restrictions related with the 't Hooft's anomaly matching condition
are turned out to be avoided and, as a result, the composite models look rather
simple and economic. We demonstrate our approach by an explicit construction of
model of preons and their composites unified in the supersymmetric SU(5) GUT in
five space-time dimensions. The model predicts exactly three families of the
composite quarks and leptons being the triplets of the chiral horizontal
symmetry SU(3)_h which automatically appears in the composite spectrum when
going to ordinary four dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75183 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of ${}^1S_0$ NN scattering amplitude in effective field


  Cutoff regularized subleading order ${}^1S_0$ NN potential of effective field
theory (EFT) is iterated using Lippmann-Schwinger equation. It is shown that
the scattering amplitudes calculated in cutoff and subtractively renormalized
EFT are equal up to the accuracy of performed calculations. Non-perturbative
renormalization, where part of divergences are absorbed into two contact
interaction coupling constants with subsequent removal of regularization is
also performed. Cutoff and dimensional regularizations both lead to finite but
different results within this scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98234 </DOCNO>
Graph Theoretic Method for Determining non Hurwitz Equivalence in the


  Motivated by the problem of Hurwitz equivalence of $\Delta ^2$ factorization
in the braid group, we address the problem of Hurwitz equivalence in the
symmetric group, obtained by projecting the $\Delta ^2$ factorizations into
$S_n$. We get $1_{S_n}$ factorizations with transposition factors. Looking at
the transpositions as the edges in a graph, we show that two factorizations are
Hurwitz equivalent if and only if their graphs have the same weighted connected
components. The main result of this paper will help us to compute the "Braid
Monodromy Type" invariant. The graph structure gives a weaker but very easy to
compute invariant to distinguish between diffeomorphic surfaces which are not
deformation of each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129089 </DOCNO>
Globular Clusters around Galaxies in Groups


  We have obtained deep photometry of NGC 1199 (in the compact group HCG 22)
and NGC 6868 (in the Telescopium loose group) with the Keck II and the VLT-I
telescopes. Both galaxies are the optically brightest galaxy of their groups.
NGC 1199 has two companion galaxies at a median projected distance of only 33
kpc and, based in its peculiar internal structure and large X-ray halo, NGC
6868 has been proposed to be a merger remnant. Our analysis of $B$ and $R$
images uncovered a population of globular clusters around both galaxies, with
total (and local) specific frequency S_N = 3.6\pm1.8 (3.4\pm1.5) for NGC 1199
and S_N = 1.8\pm1.1 (0.8\pm0.4) for NGC 6868. The radial profile of the
globulars of NGC 1199 follows the light distribution of the galaxy and can be
fitted by a power--law and a ``core model'' with a very steep slope (\alpha =
2.5\pm0.3). In the case of NGC 6868, the profile of the globulars is well
fitted by a power--law and a ``core model'' profile of slope 1.4\pm0.3 and is
shallower than the galaxy light distribution. Maximum-likelihood fitting of two
Gaussians to the globular cluster color distribution yields a high significance
for multi-modality with peaks centered at (B-R)_0 = 1.13\pm0.04 and 1.42\pm0.04
(NGC 1199) and (B-R)_0=1.12\pm0.07 and 1.42\pm0.07 (NGC 6868). NGC 1199 and NGC
6868 are good examples of galaxies where the group environment are likely to
have affected their dynamical evolution. We find that for NGC 1199, the
properties of the globular cluster system are similar to those for other
systems around external elliptical galaxies located in less dense environments,
but with a very steep radial profile. In the case of NGC 6868, we find a
regular radial profile and color distribution and a comparatively low specific
frequency for the globular cluster system of the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128770 </DOCNO>
The effects of an ionizing background on the HI column density


  Using data on the HI column density distribution in the local Universe,
f(N_{HI}), we show how to determine g(N_{H}), the distribution of the total gas
(HI+HII) column density. A simple power law fit to f(N_{HI}) fails due to
bendings in the distributions when N_{HI}<10^{20} cm^{-2} and H is no longer
fully neutral. If an ultraviolet background is responsible for the gas
ionization, and g(N_{H}) is proportional N_{H}^{-alpha}, we find the values of
alpha and of the intensity of the background radiation which are compatible
with the present data. These best fitting values, however, depend upon the
scaling law of the the gas volume densities with N_{H} and cannot be determined
unambiguously. We examine in detail two models: one in which the average gas
volume density decreases steadily with N_H, while in the other it stays
constant at low column densities. The former model leads to a steep power law
fit for g(N_{H}), with alpha of order 3.3 +- 0.4 and requires an ultraviolet
flux larger than what the QSOs alone produce at z=0. For the latter alpha is
1.5 +- 0.1 and a lower ionizing flux is required. The ambiguities about the
modelling and the resulting steep or shallow N_{H} distribution can be resolved
only if new 21-cm observations and QSOs Lyman limit absorbers searches will
provide more data in the HI-HII transition region at low redshifts. Using the
best fit obtained for higher redshift data we outline two possible scenarios
for the evolution of gaseous structures, compatible with the available data at
z=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86868 </DOCNO>
Charged solutions in 5d Chern-Simons supergravity


  A family of solutions with mass and electric charge of five-dimensional
Chern-Simons supergravity is displayed. The action contains an extra term that
changes the value of the cosmological constant, as considered by Horava. It is
shown that the solutions approach asymptotically the Reissner-Nordstrom
spacetime. The role of the torsion tensor in providing charged solutions is
stressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1986 </DOCNO>
Critical slowing down in polynomial time algorithms


  Combinatorial optimization algorithms which compute exact ground state
configurations in disordered magnets are seen to exhibit critical slowing down
at zero temperature phase transitions. Using arguments based on the physical
picture of the model, including vanishing stiffness on scales beyond the
correlation length and the ground state degeneracy, the number of operations
carried out by one such algorithm, the push-relabel algorithm for the random
field Ising model, can be estimated. Some scaling can also be predicted for the
2D spin glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96041 </DOCNO>
Computing Ext for graph algebras


  For a row-finite graph G with no sinks and in which every loop has an exit,
we construct an isomorphism between Ext(C*(G)) and coker(A-I), where A is the
vertex matrix of G. If c is the class in Ext(C*(G)) associated to a graph
obtained by attaching a sink to G, then this isomorphism maps c to the class of
a vector which describes how the sink was added. We conclude with an
application in which we use this isomorphism to produce an example of a
row-finite transitive graph with no sinks whose associated C*-algebra is not
semiprojective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128206 </DOCNO>
Discovery of the X-ray burster SAX J1752.3-3138


  During a 50 ks monitoring observation of the Galactic bulge performed in
September 1999 by the Wide Field Cameras on board the BeppoSAX satellite, an
X-ray burst was detected from a sky position ~3 degrees off the Galactic
centre. No previously known X-ray sources are located within the position error
circle of the observed burst. The new burster, SAX J1752.3-3138, did not show
any persistent emission during the whole observation. No other bursting events,
as well as steady emission, were reported so far by other instruments or
detected in the WFC archive, which covers ~6 Ms and ~4 Ms for burst and
persistent luminosity detection, respectively, starting from August 1996.
Unless the source is a very weak transient, this could indicate SAX
J1752.3-3138 is an atypical burster, a member of a possibly new class of
sources characterised by very low steady luminosities and accretion rates (L_x
< 10^35 erg/s) and extremely rare bursting activity. The characteristics of the
detected burst are consistent with a type I event, identifying the source as a
weakly magnetised neutron star in a low-mass X-ray binary system. Evidence for
photospheric radius expansion due to Eddington-limited burst luminosity allows
to estimate the distance to the source (~9 kpc).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74475 </DOCNO>
Experimental introduction to extra dimensions


  A short review of phenomenological and experimental aspects of extra spatial
dimensions at colliders is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126800 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Clusters of Galaxies


  Numerical simulations of clusters of galaxies provide a unique way to follow
the dynamics of these systems. The models reveal many characteristics of the
merging process of subclusters: shock structure and strength, temperature
distribution and gas distribution. From the models detailed observational
signatures of the dynamical state can be derived. The simulations also show
that mergers have effects on the magnetic field, on the X-ray luminosity, on
the metal enrichment and other physical processes. Furthermore, observational
methods like the mass determination can be tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129604 </DOCNO>
Exploring the intergalactic medium with VLT/UVES


  The remarkable efficiency of the UVES spectrograph at the VLT has made it
possible to push high-resolution, high-S/N ground observations of the Ly-a
forest down to z~1.5, gaining new insight into the physical conditions of the
intergalactic medium and its evolution over more than 90% of the cosmic time.
The universal expansion, the UV ionizing background and the gravitational
condensation of structures are the driving factors shaping the number density
and the column density distribution of the absorbers. A (limited) contribution
of UV photons produced by galaxies is found to be important to reproduce the
observed evolutionary pattern at very high and low redshift. The Lyman forest
contains most of the baryons, at least at z>1.5, and acts as a reservoir for
galaxy formation. The typical Doppler parameter at a fixed column density is
measured to slightly increase with decreasing redshift, but the inferred
temperature at the mean density is increasing with redshift. The signatures of
HeII reionization and feedback from the formation of galactic structures have
possibly been detected in the Lyman forest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5959 </DOCNO>
Glassiness through the emergence of effective dynamical constraints in


  I describe a class of spin models with short--range plaquette interactions
whose static equilibrium properties are trivial but which display glassy
dynamics at low temperatures. These models have a dual description in terms of
free defects subject to effective kinetic constraints, and are thus an explicit
realization of the constrained dynamics picture of glassy systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75955 </DOCNO>
In Quest of Neutrino Masses at ${\cal{O}}$(eV) Scale


  Neutrino oscillation and tritium beta decay experiments taken simultaneously
into account are able to access the so far imperceptible absolute neutrino
masses at the electronvolt level. The neutrino mass spectrum derived in this
way is independent of the nature of neutrinos (Dirac or Majorana). Furthermore,
the lack of neutrinoless double beta decay gives additional constraints on the
Majorana neutrino mass spectrum. A case of three neutrinos is examined.
Influence of different solutions to the solar neutrino deficit problem on the
results is discussed. Apart from the present situation, four qualitatively
distinct experimental situations which are possible in the future are
investigated: when the two decay experiments give only upper bounds on
effective neutrino masses, when either one of them gives a positive result, and
when both give positive results. The discussion is carried out by taking into
account the present experimental errors of relevant neutrino parameters as well
as their much more precise expected estimations (e.g. by $\nu$ factories). It
is shown in which cases the upgraded decay experiments simultaneously with
neutrino oscillation data may be able to fix the absolute scale of the neutrino
mass spectrum, answer the question of the neutrino nature and put some light on
CP phases in the lepton sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98917 </DOCNO>
Arithmetree


  We construct an addition and a multiplication on the set of planar binary
trees, closely related to addition and multiplication on the integers. This
gives rise to a new kind of (noncommutative) arithmetic theory. The price to
pay for this generalization is that, first the addition is not commutative,
second the multiplication is distributive with the addition only on the left.
This algebraic structure is the "exponent part" of the free dendriform algebra
on one generator, a notion related to several other types of algebras. In the
second part we extend this theory to all the planar trees. Then it is related
to the free dendriform trialgebra as constructed in Loday-Ronco's paper "Une
dualite' entre simplexes standards et polytopes de Stasheff".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7433 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect and STM spectra through ferromagnetic nanoclusters


  Motivated by recent scanning tunneling microscope (STM) experiments on cobalt
clusters adsorbed on single wall metallic nanotubes [Odom {\em et al.}, Science
{\bf 290}, 1549 (2000)], we study theoretically the size dependence of STM
spectra and spin-flip scattering of electrons from finite size ferromagnetic
clusters adsorbed on metallic surfaces. We study two models of nanometer size
ferromagnets: (i) An itinerant model with delocalized s, p and d electrons and
(ii) a local moment model with both localized d-level spins and delocalized
cluster electrons. The effective exchange coupling between the spin of the
cluster and the conduction electrons of the metallic substrate depends on the
specific details of the single particle density of states on the cluster. The
calculated Kondo coupling is inversely proportional to the total spin of the
ferromagnetic cluster in both models and thus the Kondo temperature is rapidly
suppressed as the spin of the cluster increases. Mesoscopic fluctuations in the
charging energies and magnetization of nanoclusters can lead to large
fluctuations in the Kondo temperatures and a very asymmetric voltage dependence
of the STM spectra. We compare our results to the experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179339 </DOCNO>
Description of collective magnetic states within a spherical single


  A many body Hamiltonian comprising pairing, quadrupole-quadrupole and
spin-spin interaction is treated within a projected spherical basis with the
aim of describing the detailed structure of the magnetic states of orbital and
spin-flip nature in $^{144, 148-154}$Sm. The mean field for the single particle
motion takes care of the volume conservation of a phenomenological core which
results in having a complex dependence on deformation for single particle
energies. Several experimental features like the total orbital and total spin
strengths, the shape of the orbital strength distribution, the hump structure
of the spin strength distribution, the quadratic dependence of the orbital
strength on nuclear deformation, the saturation effect of the orbital strength
with respect to the Casten's factor P are very well described within a
quasiparticle random phase approximation formalism. Comparison of present
results with those obtained in some previous treatments are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128609 </DOCNO>
Relation between radio core length and black hole mass for active


  We explore the relation between the linear length of radio core and the
central black hole mass for a sample of radio-loud active galactic nuclei
(AGNs). An empirical relation between the size of the broad line region (BLR)
and optical luminosity is used to estimate the size of the BLR. The black hole
mass is derived from $\rm H_\beta$ line width and the radius of the BLR on the
assumption that the clouds in BLRs are orbiting with Keplerian velocities. A
significant intrinsic correlation is found between the linear length of the
core and the black hole mass, which implies that the jet formation is closely
related with the central black hole. We also find a strong correlation between
the black hole mass and the core luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114057 </DOCNO>
A comment on the paper "Deformed Boost Transformations that saturate at


  An alternative (simplified) derivation of the dispersion relation and the
expressions for the momentum-energy 4-vector $p_i,p_0$ given initially in [1]
is provided. It has turned out that in a rather "pedestrian" manner one can
obtain in one stroke not only the above relations but also the correct
dispersion relation in $\omega-k_i$ space, consistent with the value of a
velocity of a massless particle. This is achieved by considering the standard
Lorentz algebra for $\omega-k_i$-space. A non-uniqueness of the choice of the
time-derivative in the presence of the finite length scale is discussed. It is
shown that such non-uniqueness does not affect the dispersion relation in
$\omega-k_i$-space. albeit results in different dispersion relations in
$p-p_0$-space depending on the choice of the definition of the time derivative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148769 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constant and Brane New World


  The estimation of the cosmological constant in inflationary Brane New World
models is done. It is shown that basically it is quite large, of the same order
as in anomaly-driven inflation. However, for some fine-tuning of bulk
gravitational constant and AdS scale parameter $l^2$ it may be reduced to
sufficiently small value. Bulk higher derivative AdS gravity with quantum brane
matter may also serve as the model where small positive cosmological constant
occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150172 </DOCNO>
Massive Dualities in Six Dimensions


  We study compactifications of string theory and M-theory to six dimensions
with background fluxes. The nonzero fluxes lead to additional mass parameters.
We derive the S- and T-duality rules for the corresponding (massive)
supergravity theories. Specifically, we investigate the massive T-duality
between Type IIA superstring theory compactified on K3 with background fluxes
and Type IIB superstring theory compactified on K3. Furthermore, we generalise
to the massive case the 6D 'string-string' S-duality between M-theory on K3 x
S^1 and the Heterotic String on T^4. Whereas in the case of massive T--duality
the mass parameters are in the fundamental representation of the U-duality
group O(4,20) we find that in the case of massive S-duality they are in the
3-index antisymmetric representation. In the latter case the mass parameters
involved extend those of Kaloper and Myers. We apply our duality rules to
massive brane solutions, like the domain wall solutions corresponding to the
mass parameters and find new massive brane solutions. Finally, we discuss the
higher-dimensional interpretation of the dualities and brane solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114379 </DOCNO>
Plans for the Spallation Neutron Source Integrated Control System


  The SNS control system communication network will take advantage of new,
commercially available network switch features to increase reliability and
reduce cost. A standard structured cable system will be installed. The
decreasing cost of network switches will enable SNS to push the edge switches
out near the networked devices and to run high-speed fiber communications all
the way to the edge switches. Virtual Local Area Network VLAN) technology will
be used to group network devices into logical subnets while minimizing the
number of switches required. Commercially available single-board computers with
TCP/IP interfaces will be used to provide terminal service plus remote power
reboot service.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97595 </DOCNO>
Symmetry and monotonicity results for positive solutions of p-Laplace


  We extend to the case of a system involving p-Laplacians, the monotonicity
and symmetry results of Damascelli and Pacella obtained in the case of a scalar
p-Laplace equation with $1<p<2$. For this purpose, we use the moving
hyperplanes method and we suppose that the right hand sides are increasing and
locally Lipschitz continuous.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1432 </DOCNO>
Scaling of thermal conductivity of helium confined in pores


  We have studied the thermal conductivity of confined superfluids on a
bar-like geometry. We use the planar magnet lattice model on a lattice $H\times
H\times L$ with $L \gg H$. We have applied open boundary conditions on the bar
sides (the confined directions of length $H$) and periodic along the long
direction. We have adopted a hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm to efficiently deal
with the critical slowing down and in order to solve the dynamical equations of
motion we use a discretization technique which introduces errors only
$O((\delta t)^6)$ in the time step $\delta t$. Our results demonstrate the
validity of scaling using known values of the critical exponents and we
obtained the scaling function of the thermal resistivity. We find that our
results for the thermal resistivity scaling function are in very good agreement
with the available experimental results for pores using the temp

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 545 </DOCNO>
Charge ordering and antiferromagnetic exchange in layered molecular


  We consider the electronic properties of layered molecular crystals of the
type theta-D$_2$A, where A is an anion and D is a donor molecule such as
BEDT-TTF [where BEDT-TTF is bis-(ethylenedithia-tetrathiafulvalene)] which is
arranged in the theta type pattern within the layers. We argue that the
simplest strongly correlated electron model that can describe the rich phase
diagram of these materials is the extended Hubbard model on the square lattice
at a quarter filling. In the limit where the Coulomb repulsion on a single site
is large, the nearest-neighbour Coulomb repulsion, V, plays a crucial role.
When V is much larger than the intermolecular hopping integral t the ground
state is an insulator with charge ordering. In this phase antiferromagnetism
arises due to a novel fourth-order superexchange process around a plaquette on
the square lattice. We argue that the charge ordered phase is destroyed below a
critical non-zero value V, of the order of t. Slave boson theory is used to
explicitly demonstrate this for the SU(N) generalisation of the model, in the
large N limit. We also discuss the relevance of the model to the all-organic
family beta''-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$SF$_5$YSO$_3$ where Y = CH$_2$CF$_2$, CH$_2$, CHF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97380 </DOCNO>
Irreducibility of spatial graphs


  A graph embedded in the 3-sphere is called irreducible if it is
non-splittable and for any 2-sphere embedded in the 3-sphere that intersects
the graph at one point the graph is contained in one of the 3-balls bounded by
the 2-sphere. We show that irreducibility is preserved under certain
deformations of embedded graphs. We show that certain embedded graphs are
irreducible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126028 </DOCNO>
The Ly-edge paradox and the need for obscured QSOs


  Based on the most recent QSO ultraviolet spectra, the covering factor of the
clouds of the Broad Line Region (BLR) is about 30%, or larger. This value would
imply that in at least 30% of the QSOs our line of sight crosses one, or more,
BLR clouds and, in the latter case, the UV spectrum should show a sharp Ly-edge
in absorption. This Ly-edge in absorption is never observed. This paradox is
solved if, as suggested by various authors, the BLR is flattened and the dusty
gas in the outer parts, on the same plane, prevents the observation along the
lines of sight passing through the BLR clouds. The objects observed edge-on
(with respect to the flattened BLR) would be classified as obscured QSOs or,
within the framework of the unified model, type 2 QSOs. The covering factor of
the BLR constrains the fraction of obscured QSOs to be QSO2/QSO1 > 0.5. This
lower limit is already high with respect to the number of candidate type 2 QSOs
claimed so far. We discuss this constraint in relation to recent AGN surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169214 </DOCNO>
Bang-Bang Operations from a Geometric Perspective


  Strong, fast pulses, called ``bang-bang'' controls can be used to eliminate
the effects of system-environment interactions. This method for preventing
errors in quantum information processors is treated here in a geometric setting
which leads to an intuitive perspective. Using this geometric description, we
clarify the notion of group symmetrization as an averaging technique, and
provide a geometric picture for evaluating errors due to imperfect bang-bang
controls. This will provide additional support for the usefulness of such
controls as a means for providing more reliable quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76057 </DOCNO>
SO(10) SUSY GUT Model with a U(1) x Z_2 x Z_2 Flavor Symmetry


  An SO(10) SUSY GUT model which leads to maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing
and the LMA solar neutrino solution, developed in collaboration with S.M. Barr,
is briefly described. Since the model is quantitatively predictive, it can be
used to assess the need for a neutrino factory, as shown in collaboration with
S. Geer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4880 </DOCNO>
Stark effect in colloidal indium arsenide nanocrystal quantum dots:


  The influence of the tip-substrate bias induced electrical field in a
scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiment on colloidal InAs nanocrystals has
been studied. Calculating the Stark induced splitting of the degenerate 1P_e
state perturbatively within a particle-in-a-sphere model, revealed a possible
explanation of recently published experimental wave function mapping data by
Millo et al. (Ref. 1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83767 </DOCNO>
Semantic Web Content Accessibility Guidelines for Current Research


  The most exciting challenge for CRIS is to create a service for research
information which should be wide-spread, distributed and actual like Google,
but at the same time structured, trusted, with a complex search and navigation
similar to today CRIS application. The core technology for such a "new" CRIS is
the semantic web technology to integrate database contents with HTML and XML
web pages for being provided to the research interested public. One (at the
moment the best) possible way is to use RDF (Resource Description Framework)
which is also recommended by the W3 consortium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86013 </DOCNO>
The Meaning of Einstein's Equation


  This is a brief introduction to general relativity, designed for both
students and teachers of the subject. While there are many excellent
expositions of general relativity, few adequately explain the geometrical
meaning of the basic equation of the theory: Einstein's equation. Here we give
a simple formulation of this equation in terms of the motion of freely falling
test particles. We also sketch some of its consequences, and explain how the
formulation given here is equivalent to the usual one in terms of tensors.
Finally, we include an annotated bibliography of books, articles and websites
suitable for the student of relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179385 </DOCNO>
Description of Double Giant Dipole Resonance within the Phonon Damping


  In a recent Letter [1] an overall agreement with the experimental data for
the excitation of the single and double giant dipole resonances in relativistic
heavy ion collision in 136Xe and 208Pb nuclei has been reported. We point out
that this agreement is achieved by a wrong calculation of the DGDR excitation
mechanism. We also argue that the agreement with the data for the widths of
resonances is achieved by an unrealistically large value of a model parameter.
  [1] Nguyen Dinh Dang, Vuong Kim Au, and Akito Arima, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85
(2000) 1827.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1049 </DOCNO>
Casimir Interaction among Objects Immersed in a Fermionic Environment


  Using ensembles of two, three and four spheres immersed in a fermionic
background we evaluate the (integrated) density of states and the Casimir
energy. We thus infer that for sufficiently smooth objects, whose various
geometric characteristic lengths are larger then the Fermi wave length one can
use the simplest semiclassical approximation (the contribution due shortest
periodic orbits only) to evaluate the Casimir energy. We also show that the
Casimir energy for several objects can be represented fairly accurately as a
sum of pairwise Casimir interactions between pairs of objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74741 </DOCNO>
Flavor-Spin Symmetry Estimate of the Nucleon Tensor Charge


  The axial vector and tensor charge, defined as the first moments of the
forward nucleon matrix elements of corresponding quark currents, are essential
for characterizing the spin structure of the nucleon. However, the transversity
distribution and thus the tensor charge decouple at leading twist in deep
inelastic scattering, making them hard to measure. Additionally, the
non-conservation of the tensor charge makes it difficult to predict. There are
no definitive theoretical predictions for the tensor charge, aside from several
model dependent calculations. We present a new approach that exploits the
approximate mass degeneracy of the light axial vector mesons ($a_1$(1260),
$b_1$(1235) and $h_1$(1170)) and uses pole dominance to calculate the tensor
charge. The result is simple in form. It depends on the decay constants of the
axial vector mesons and their couplings to the nucleons, along with the average
transverse momentum of the quarks in the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4349 </DOCNO>
Constancy of the bilayer splitting as a function of doping in


  Using high energy resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we
have resolved the bilayer splitting effect in a wide range of dopings of the
bilayer cuprate $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+\delta}$. This bilayer splitting is
due to a nonvanishing intracell coupling $t_{\perp}$, and contrary to
expectations, it is not reduced in the underdoped materials. This has
implications for understanding the increased c-axis confinement in underdoped
materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179440 </DOCNO>
A Theoretical Study of $\rho^{0}$-Photoproduction on Nucleons near


  We investigate the possibility that the process of $\rho^{0}$-meson
photoproduction on proton, $\gamma+p\to p+\rho^{0}$, in the near threshold
region $E_{\gamma}< 2$ GeV, can be considered in the framework of model with
$\pi$-, $\sigma$- and N-exchanges. This suggestion is based on a study of the
t-dependence of differential cross section, $d\sigma(\gamma p \to p
\rho^{0})/dt$, which has been measured by SAPHIR Collaboration. We find that
the suggested model provides a good description of the experimental data with
new values of $\rho NN$-coupling constants in the region of the time-like
$\rho^{0}$-meson momentum. Our results suggest that such model can be
considered as a suitable nonresonant background mechanism for the future
discussion of possible role of nucleon resonance contributions. Our predictions
for $\rho^{0}$-meson photoproduction on neutron target and for beam asymmetry
on both proton and neutron targets are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6687 </DOCNO>
Adiabaticity in Nonlinear Quantum Dynamics: Bose-Einstein Condensate in


  A simple model of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a box whose size
varies with time is studied to determine the nature of adiabaticity in the
nonlinear dynamics obtained within the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (the nonlinear
Schrodinger equation). Analytical and numerical methods are used to determine
the nature of adiabaticity in this nonlinear quantum system. Criteria for
validity of an adiabatic approximation are formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127708 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of Embedded Young Stellar Objects


  This paper reviews the Chandra deep exposure observations of star forming
regions, rho-Ophiuchi, Orion Molecular Clouds 2 and 3, Sagittarius B2 and
Monoceros R2. The results are; (1) class I protostars are found to exhibit
higher temperature plasma than those of T Tauri stars, (2) heavily absorbed
X-rays are discovered from the candidates of class 0 protostars, (3) hard and
highly variable X-rays are observed from high-mass young stars, and (4) young
brown dwarfs emit X-rays similar to those of low-mass young stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125864 </DOCNO>
The gravitational torque of bars in optically unbarred and barred


  The relative bar torques for 45 galaxies observed at $K$- band with the 4.2m
William Herschel Telescope are determined by transforming the light
distributions into potentials and deriving the maximum ratios of the tangential
forces relative to the radial forces. The results are combined with the bar
torques for 30 other galaxies determined from our previous $K$-band survey
(Buta & Block 2001). Relative bar torques determine the degree of spiral arm
forcing, gas accretion, and bar evolution. They differ from other measures of
bar strength, such as the relative amplitude of the bar determined
photometrically, because they include the bulge and other disk light that
contributes to the radial component of the total force. If the bulge is strong
and the radial forcing large, then even a prominent bar can have a relatively
weak influence on the azimuthal motions in the disk. Here we find that the
relative bar torque correlates only weakly with the optical bar type listed in
the Revised Shapley-Ames and de Vaucouleurs systems. In fact, some classically
barred galaxies have weaker relative bar torques than classically unbarred
galaxies. The optical class is a poor measure of azimuthal disk forcing for two
reasons: some infrared bars are not seen optically, and some bars with strong
bulges have their azimuthal forces so strongly diluted by the average radial
force that they exert only small torques on their disks. The Hubble
classification scheme poorly recognizes the gravitational influence of bars.
Applications of our bar torque method to the high-redshift universe are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6002 </DOCNO>
Quantum computation with quasiparticles of the Fractional Quantum Hall


  We propose an approach that enables implementation of anyonic quantum
computation in systems of antidots in the two-dimensional electron liquid in
the FQHE regime. The approach is based on the adiabatic transfer of FQHE
quasiparticles in the antidot systems, and uses their fractional statistics to
perform quantum logic. Advantages of our scheme over other semiconductor-based
proposals of quantum computation include the energy gap in the FQHE liquid that
suppresses decoherence, and the topological nature of quasiparticle statistics
that makes it possible to entangle two quasiparticles without their direct
dynamic interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169342 </DOCNO>
Universal quantum computation with two- and three-qubit projective


  We present a finite set of projective measurements that, together with
quantum memory and preparation of the |0> state, suffice for universal quantum
computation. This extends work of Nielsen [quant-ph/0108020], who proposed a
scheme in which an arbitrary unitary operation on n qubits can be simulated
using only projective measurements on at most 2n qubits. All measurements in
our set involve two qubits, except two measurements which involve three qubits.
Thus we improve by one the upper bound, implied by Nielsen's results, on the
maximum number of qubits needed to participate in any single measurement to
achieve universal quantum computation. Each of our measurements is two-valued,
and each can be expressed mathematically as a Boolean combination of
single-qubit measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174824 </DOCNO>
Cascade Gamma-Decay of the 193Os Compound Nucleus and some Aspects of


  Two-step cascades from the 192Os(n th,gamma)193Os reaction were studied in
gamma-gamma coincidence measurement. The decay scheme of 193Os was established
up to the excitation energy ~3 MeV. The excitation spectrum of intermediate
levels of most intense cascades was found to be practically harmonic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74809 </DOCNO>
Affleck-Dine leptogenesis via right-handed sneutrino fields in a


  The onset of inflation in hybrid models require fine tuning in the initial
conditions. The inflaton field should have an initial value close to the Planck
scale $M_{P}$, whereas the auxiliary "orthogonal" field must be close to zero
with an extreme accuracy. This problem can be alleviated if the orthogonal
field fastly decays into some states not coupled to the inflaton. Natural
candidates for such states can be the right-handed neutrinos. We show that a
non-trivial evolution of the classic sneutrino fields after inflation offers an
interesting mechanism for generating a correct amount of lepton asymmetry,
which being reprocessed by sphalerons can explain the observed baryon asymmetry
of the Universe. Our scenario implies interesting bounds for the neutrino
masses in the context of seesaw mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95795 </DOCNO>
A fast solver for systems of reaction-diffusion equations


  In this paper we present a fast algorithm for the numerical solution of
systems of reaction-diffusion equations, $\partial_t u + a \cdot \nabla u =
\Delta u + F (x, t, u)$, $x \in \Omega \subset \mathbf{R}^3$, $t > 0$. Here,
$u$ is a vector-valued function, $u \equiv u(x, t) \in \mathbf{R}^m$, $m$ is
large, and the corresponding system of ODEs, $\partial_t u = F(x, t, u)$, is
stiff. Typical examples arise in air pollution studies, where $a$ is the given
wind field and the nonlinear function $F$ models the atmospheric chemistry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75121 </DOCNO>
Superlight gravitinos in electron-photon collisions


  Motivated by recent studies of supersymmetry in higher-dimensional spaces, we
discuss the experimental signatures of a superlight gravitino, mass < 0.001 eV.
We concentrate on the process (e- gamma -> selectronR gravitino) as a probe of
supersymmetry, where a single heavy superpartner and a superlight gravitino are
produced. The fact that there is only one heavy superpartner in the final state
in this process would require a lower center-of-mass energy for on-shell
production compared to conventional pair production. For instance, for a 500
GeV machine, we find that a positive signal will be found if the supersymmetry
breaking scale is less than about 2 TeV. If no positive signal is found, this
process puts a bound on the supersymmetry breaking scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149192 </DOCNO>
Randall-Sundrum Scenario at Nonzero Temperature


  The effect of temperature is investigated in the Randall-Sundrum brane-world
scenario. It is shown that for a spacetime ansatz motivated by similarity with
AdS/CFT correspondence several features of the model, such as its $Z_2$
symmetry, are not maintained at nonzero temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41295 </DOCNO>
Reactor-based Neutrino Oscillation Experiments


  The status of neutrino oscillation searches employing nuclear reactors as
sources is reviewed. This technique, a direct continuation of the experiments
that proved the existence of neutrinos, is today an essential tool in
investigating the indications of oscillations found in studying neutrinos
produced in the sun and in the earth's atmosphere. The low-energy of the
reactor \nuebar makes them an ideal tool to explore oscillations with small
mass differences and relatively large mixing angles.
   In the last several years the determination of the reactor anti-neutrino
flux and spectrum has reached a high degree of accuracy. Hence measurements of
these quantities at a given distance L can be readily compared with the
expectation at L = 0, thus testing \nuebar disappearance.
   While two experiments, Chooz and Palo Verde, with baselines of about 1 km
and thus sensitive to the neutrino mass differences associated with the
atmospheric neutrino anomaly, have collected data and published results
recently, an ambitious project with a baseline of more than 100 km, Kamland, is
preparing to take data. This ultimate reactor experiment will have a
sensitivity sufficient to explore part of the oscillation phase space relevant
to solar neutrino scenarios. It is the only envisioned experiment with a
terrestrial source of neutrinos capable of addressing the solar neutrino
puzzle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98206 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of the Entropy Production in Anharmonic Chains


  We prove the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem for a model of heat
conduction through a chain of anharmonic oscillators coupled to two Hamiltonian
reservoirs at different temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124962 </DOCNO>
The aromatic infrared bands as seen by ISO-SWS: probing the PAH model


  We discuss the Aromatic Infrared Band (AIB) profiles observed by ISO-SWS
towards a number of bright interstellar regions where dense molecular gas is
illuminated by stellar radiation. Our sample spans a broad range of excitation
conditions (exciting radiation fields with effective temperature, Teff, ranging
from 23,000 to 45,000 K). The SWS spectra are decomposed coherently in our
sample into Lorentz profiles and a broadband continuum. We find that the
individual profiles of the main AIBs at 3.3, 6.2, 8.6 and 11.3 microns are well
represented with at most two lorentzians. Furthermore, we show that the
positions and widths of these AIBs are remarkably stable (within a few cm-1).
We then extract the profiles of individual AIBs from the data and compare them
to a model of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) cation emission which
includes the temperature dependence of the AIB profiles. The present similarity
of the AIB profiles requires that the PAH temperature distribution remains
roughly the same whatever the radiation field hardness. Deriving the
temperature distribution of interstellar PAHs, we show that its hot tail, which
controls the AIB spectrum, sensitively depends on Nmin (the number of C-atoms
in the smallest PAH) and Teff. Comparing the observed profiles of the
individual AIBs to our model results, we can match most of the AIB profiles if
Nmin is increased with Teff. We then discuss our results in the broader context
of ISO observations of fainter interstellar regions where PAHs are expected to
be in neutral form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7419 </DOCNO>
Quantum oscillations of spin current through a III-V semiconductor loop


  We have investigated the transport of spin polarization through a classically
chaotic semiconductor loop with a strong Rashba spin-orbit interaction. We
found that if the escape time of a particle is long enough, the configuration
averaged spin conductance oscillates strongly with the geometric spin phase. We
predict a sizable rotation of spin polarization along its flowing path across
the loop from the injector to the collector. We have also discovered a
quantized universal spin relaxation in a 2D reservoir connected to such a
semiconductor loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148799 </DOCNO>
On geometry of a special class of solutions to generalised WDVV


  A special class of solutions to the generalised WDVV equations related to a
finite set of covectors is considered. We describe the geometric conditions
($\vee$-conditions) on such a set which are necessary and sufficient for the
corresponding function to satisfy the generalised WDVV equations. These
conditions are satisfied for all Coxeter systems but there are also other
examples discovered in the theory of the generalised Calogero-Moser systems. As
a result some new solutions for the generalized WDVV equations are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1990 </DOCNO>
Electronic properties and Fermi surface of Ag(111) films deposited onto


  Silver films were deposited at room temperature onto H-passivated Si(111)
surfaces. Their electronic properties have been analyzed by angle-resolved
photoelectron spectroscopy. Submonolayer films were semiconducting and the
onset of metallization was found at a Ag coverage of $\sim$0.6 monolayers. Two
surface states were observed at $\bar{\Gamma}$-point in the metallic films,
with binding energies of 0.1 and 0.35 eV. By measurements of photoelectron
angular distribution at the Fermi level in these films, a cross-sectional cut
of the Fermi surface was obtained. The Fermi vector determined along different
symmetry directions and the photoelectron lifetime of states at the Fermi level
are quite close to those expected for Ag single crystal. In spite of this
concordance, the Fermi surface reflects a sixfold symmetry rather than the
threefold symmetry of Ag single crystal. This behavior was attributed to the
fact that these Ag films are composed by two domains rotated 60$^o$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85721 </DOCNO>
Relational time in generally covariant quantum systems: four models


  We analize the relational quantum evolution of generally covariant systems in
terms of Rovelli's evolving constants of motion and the generalized Heisenberg
picture. In order to have a well defined evolution, and a consistent quantum
theory, evolving constants must be self-adjoint operators. We show that this
condition imposes strong restrictions to the choices of the clock variables. We
analize four cases. The first one is non- relativistic quantum mechanics in
parametrized form. We show that, for the free particle case, the standard
choice of time is the only one leading to self-adjoint evolving constants.
Secondly, we study the relativistic case. We show that the resulting quantum
theory is the free particle representation of the Klein Gordon equation in
which the position is a perfectly well defined quantum observable. The
admissible choices of clock variables are the ones leading to space-like
simultaneity surfaces. In order to mimic the structure of General Relativity we
study the SL(2R) model with two Hamiltonian constraints. The evolving constants
depend in this case on three independent variables. We show that it is possible
to find clock variables and inner products leading to a consistent quantum
theory. Finally, we discuss the quantization of a constrained model having a
compact constraint surface. All the models considered may be consistently
quantized, although some of them do not admit any time choice such that the
equal time surfaces are transversal to the orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124709 </DOCNO>
GEST


  Galactic Exoplanet Survey Telescope (GEST) was proposed for a discovery
mission to search for microlensing terrestrial planets toward the Galactic
bulge and also Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) that are believed to hold vital
information of the early history of the solar system. Earth mass planets
require massive survey, angular resolution, temporal resolution, and continuous
monitoring capability in a statistically stable observing condition. A 2m scale
wide FOV space telescope with a large focal plane such as the GSET meets the
needs. During the non-bulge time, the GEST will be ideal for high resolution
mapping of the large scale structures which will include weak lensing by dark
matter, quasar lensing and host galaxies, strong lensing by clusters, and a
large volume of galaxies, which with selective follow-up measurements of whose
redshifts and IR images will shed light on the dark stuff (matter, energy,
essesnce, extra dimenstions, topological defects, ...). The data base can be
mined for foreground objects such as high proper motion white dwarfs. We
discuss microlensing, planets, and the necessity for a space imager.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75835 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of rho- and a_1-meson masses and mixing of vector


  Within a chiral model which provides a good description of the properties of
rho and a_1 mesons in vacuum, it is shown that, to order T^2, the rho- and
a_1-meson masses remain constant in the chiral limit, even if at tree level
they are proportional to the chiral condensate, sigma_0. Numerically, the
temperature dependence of the masses turns out to be small also for realistic
parameter sets and high temperatures. The weak temperature dependence of the
masses is consistent with the Eletsky-Ioffe mixing theorem, and traces of
mixing effects can be seen in the spectral function of the vector correlator at
finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148206 </DOCNO>
Some Consequences of Noncommutative Worldsheet of Superstring


  In this paper some properties of the superstring with noncommutative
worldsheet are studied. We study the noncommutativity of the spacetime,
generalization of the Poincar\'e symmetry of the superstring, the changes of
metric, Kalb-Ramond field and dilaton and the Hamiltonian of the superstring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86344 </DOCNO>
Stable Operation of a 300-m Laser Interferometer with Sufficient


  TAMA300, an interferometric gravitational-wave detector with 300-m baseline
length, has been developed and operated with sufficient sensitivity to detect
gravitational-wave events within our galaxy and sufficient stability for
observations; the interferometer was operated for over 10 hours stably and
continuously. With a strain-equivalent noise level of $h\sim 5 \times 10^{-21}
/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 30 is expected for
gravitational waves generated by a coalescence of 1.4 $M_\odot$-1.4 $M_\odot$
binary neutron stars at 10 kpc distance. %In addition, almost all noise sources
which limit the sensitivity and which %disturb the stable operation have been
identified. We evaluated the stability of the detector sensitivity with a
2-week data-taking run, collecting 160 hours of data to be analyzed in the
search for gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81056 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry Versus the Lattice


  After mentioning some of the difficulties arising in lattice gauge theory
from chiral symmetry, I discuss one of the recent attempts to resolve these
issues using fermionic surface states in an extra space-time dimension. This
picture can be understood in terms of end states on a simple ladder molecule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6973 </DOCNO>
Landau's quasi-particle mapping: Fermi liquid approach and Luttinger


  A continuous unitary transformation is introduced which realizes Landau's
mapping of the elementary excitations (quasi-particles) of an interacting Fermi
liquid system to those of the system without interaction. The conservation of
the number of quasi-particles is important. The transformation is performed
numerically for a one-dimensional system, i.e. the worst case for a Fermi
liquid approach. Yet evidence for Luttinger liquid behavior is found. Such an
approach may open a route to a unified description of Fermi and Luttinger
liquids on all energy scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6849 </DOCNO>
Positive cross-correlations induced by ferromagnetic contacts


  Due to the Fermionic nature of carriers, correlations between electric
currents flowing through two different contacts attached to a conductor present
a negative sign. Possibility for positive cross-correlations has been
demonstrated in hybrid normal/superconductor structures under certain
conditions. In this paper we show that positive cross-correlations can be
induced, if not already present, in such structures by employing ferromagnetic
leads with magnetizations aligned anti-parallel to each other. We consider
three-terminal hybrid structures and calculate the mean-square correlations of
current fluctuations as a function of the bias voltage at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148828 </DOCNO>
Brane plus Bulk Supersymmetry in Ten Dimensions


  We discuss a generalized form of IIA/IIB supergravity depending on all R-R
potentials C^(p) (p=0,1,...,9) as the effective field theory of Type IIA/IIB
superstring theory. For the IIA case we explicitly break this R-R democracy to
either p<=3 or p>=5 which allows us to write a new bulk action that can be
coupled to N=1 supersymmetric brane actions.
  The case of 8-branes is studied in detail using the new bulk & brane action.
The supersymmetric negative tension branes without matter excitations can be
viewed as orientifolds in the effective action. These D8-branes and O8-planes
are fundamental in Type I' string theory. A BPS 8-brane solution is given which
satisfies the jump conditions on the wall. As an application of our results we
derive a quantization of the mass parameter and the cosmological constant in
string units.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73459 </DOCNO>
Lattice Results on QCD Thermodynamics


  We review recent results on QCD at finite temperature. Main emphasis is put
on a discussion of observables which are of immediate interest to experimental
searches for the Quark Gluon Plasma, i.e. the phase transition temperature, the
equation of state in 2 and 3-flavour QCD, the heavy quark free energy and
thermal effects on hadron masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81404 </DOCNO>
Measurability of Wilson loop operators


  We show that the nondemolition measurement of a spacelike Wilson loop
operator W(C) is impossible in a relativistic non-Abelian gauge theory. In
particular, if two spacelike-separated magnetic flux tubes both link with the
loop C, then a nondemolition measurement of W(C) would cause electric charge to
be transferred from one flux tube to the other, a violation of relativistic
causality. A destructive measurement of W(C) is possible in a non-Abelian gauge
theory with suitable matter content. In an Abelian gauge theory, many
cooperating parties distributed along the loop C can perform a nondemolition
measurement of the Wilson loop operator if they are equipped with a shared
entangled ancilla that has been prepared in advance. We also note that Abelian
electric charge (but not non-Abelian charge) can be transported superluminally,
without any accompanying transmission of information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129093 </DOCNO>
The Fundamental Properties of Early-type Galaxies in the Coma Cluster


  We report the results of a high quality spectral study of early-type galaxies
within the Coma Cluster core. Stellar population analysis using Lick/IDS
indices to break the age/metallicity degeneracy are presented, probing their
formation history and properties. A clear metallicity trend and a dominant
single age population are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114283 </DOCNO>
DNA hybridization to mismatched templates: a chip study


  High-density oligonucleotide arrays are among the most rapidly expanding
technologies in biology today. In the {\sl GeneChip} system, the reconstruction
of the target concentration depends upon the differential signal generated from
hybridizing the target RNA to two nearly identical templates: a perfect match
(PM) and a single mismatch (MM) probe. It has been observed that a large
fraction of MM probes repeatably bind targets better than the PMs, against the
usual expectation from sequence-specific hybridization; this is difficult to
interpret in terms of the underlying physics. We examine this problem via a
statistical analysis of a large set of microarray experiments. We classify the
probes according to their signal to noise ($S/N$) ratio, defined as the
eccentricity of a (PM, MM) pair's `trajectory' across many experiments. Of
those probes having large $S/N$ ($>3$) only a fraction behave consistently with
the commonly assumed hybridization model. Our results imply that the physics of
DNA hybridization in microarrays is more complex than expected, and they
suggest new ways of constructing estimators for the target RNA concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5785 </DOCNO>
Vacancy diffusion in the Cu(001) surface I: An STM study


  We have used the indium/copper surface alloy to study the dynamics of surface
vacancies on the Cu(001) surface. Individual indium atoms that are embedded
within the first layer of the crystal, are used as probes to detect the rapid
diffusion of surface vacancies. STM measurements show that these indium atoms
make multi-lattice-spacing jumps separated by long time intervals. Temperature
dependent waiting time distributions show that the creation and diffusion of
thermal vacancies form an Arrhenius type process with individual long jumps
being caused by one vacancy only. The length of the long jumps is shown to
depend on the specific location of the indium atom and is directly related to
the lifetime of vacancies at these sites on the surface. This observation is
used to expose the role of step edges as emitting and absorbing boundaries for
vacancies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129523 </DOCNO>
327-MHz GMRT observations of one candidate and three Galactic Supernova


  Results from the 327-MHz Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations
of four fields - three fields containing Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs)
(G001.4-0.1, G003.8+0.3, and G356.3-1.5) and one field containing a candidate
SNR (G004.2+0.0), are reported in this paper. These fields were selected from
the 843-MHz survey conducted by Gray (1994b) using the Molonglo Synthesis
Telescope (MOST). All the three SNRs are detected in the GMRT images.
Significant amount of thermal emission is seen at the location of the candidate
SNR, and the GMRT image shows a discrete source of emission which is consistent
with it being a flat spectrum thermal source. An incomplete arc of emission
with a compact central source detected in one of the fields, is coincident with
the extended OH(1720 MHz) emission reported earlier. Possible implications of
this morphology and correlation with the OH(1720 MHz) emission are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149958 </DOCNO>
A topological formulation of the Planck-Einstein law E=n\omega


  In the frame of a topological model of electromagnetism, it is shown that the
Planck-Einstein law E=n\omega for the energy of monochromatic radiation can be
formulated in a cubic cavity in such a way that the number of photons n is a
topological invariant, equal to the degree of a map between two orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 675 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic potential of interacting Bose-Einstein gas confined in


  We investigate the interaction effect between atoms and the finite size
effect of a Bose-Einstein gas at finite temperature. Using a mean field
approach, we derive the thermodynamic potential on finite systems and obtain
the condensate fraction, the chemical potential and the internal energy with
the interaction and the finite size effects taken into account. In this
approach, we can treat thermodynamic quantities as those of the ideal Bose gas.
It is found that the interaction effect shifts the transition temperature by a
few percent toward the lower temperature. Above the transition temperature,
these quantities agree with the noninteracting Bose gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76761 </DOCNO>
Signals for Non-Commutative QED in $e \gamma$ and $\gamma \gamma$


  We study the effects of non-commutative QED (NCQED) in fermion pair
production, $\gamma + \gamma \to f + \bar{f}$ and Compton scattering, $e +
\gamma \to e + \gamma$. Non-commutative geometries appear naturally in the
context of string/M-theory and gives rise to 3- and 4-point photon vertices and
to momentum dependent phase factors in QED vertices which will have observable
effects in high energy collisions. We consider $e^+ e^-$ colliders with
energies appropriate to the TeV Linear Collider proposals and the multi-TeV
CLIC project operating in $\gamma \gamma$ and $e\gamma$ modes. Non-commutative
scales roughly equal to the center of mass energy of the $e^+e^-$ collider can
be probed, with the exact value depending on the model parameters and
experimental factors. However, we found that the Compton process is sensitive
to $\Lambda_{NC}$ values roughly twice as large as those accessible to the pair
production process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113794 </DOCNO>
On the proximity relation between two surface-melted clusters involved


  We explore the way free particles produced by dissociating ``particle-hole
pairs'' on a surface-melted cluster can be transferred to a second, nearby
surface-melted cluster. This mass transport is based on an inter-cluster direct
transfer mechanism of the particles. We found that in this particular case one
cluster may grow at the expense of another, obeying a temporal power law with
the exponent 1/2 for the average radius R = const t^{1/2}. The change from the
expected universal power law R = const t^{1/3} is a consequence of the
proximity relation between these two clusters which lead to enhance the
effective transport rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76743 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariance of the color-superconducting gap on the mass shell


  The gap parameter for color superconductivity is expected to be a gauge
invariant quantity, at least on the appropriate mass shell. Computing the gap
to subleading order in the QCD coupling constant, g, we show that the prefactor
of the exponential in 1/g is gauge dependent off the mass shell, and
independent of gauge on the mass shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 247 </DOCNO>
Low Temperature Magnetothermodynamics of Pr{0.7}Ca{0.3}MnO{3}


  We present a detailed magnetothermal study of Pr$_{0.7}$Ca$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$,
a perovskite manganite in which an insulator-metal transition can be driven by
magnetic field, but also by pressure, visible light, x-rays, or high currents.
We find that the field-induced transition is associated with a large release of
energy which accounts for its strong irreversibility.
  In the ferromagnetic metallic state, specific heat and magnetization
measurements indicate a much smaller spin wave stiffness than that seen in any
other ferromagnetic manganite, which we explain in terms of ferromagnetism
among the Pr moments. The Pr ferromagnetism also appears to influence the low
temperature thermodynamic phase diagram of this material and the uniquely
sensitive metastability of the insulating state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2881 </DOCNO>
Doppler cooling of a Coulomb crystal


  We study theoretically Doppler laser-cooling of a cluster of 2-level atoms
confined in a linear ion trap. Using several consecutive steps of averaging we
derive, from the full quantum mechanical master equation, an equation for the
total mechanical energy of the one dimensional crystal, defined on a
coarse-grained energy scale whose grid size is smaller than the linewidth of
the electronic transition. This equation describes the cooling dynamics for an
arbitrary number of ions and in the quantum regime. We discuss the validity of
the ergodic assumption (i.e. that the phase space distribution is only a
function of energy). From our equation we derive the semiclassical limit (i.e.
when the mechanical motion can be treated classically) and the Lamb-Dicke limit
(i.e. when the size of the mechanical wave function is much smaller than the
laser wavelength). We find a Fokker-Planck equation for the total mechanical
energy of the system, whose solution is in agreement with previous analytical
calculations which were based on different assumptions and valid only in their
specific regimes. Finally, in the classical limit we derive an analytic
expression for the average coupling, by light scattering, between motional
states at different energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40754 </DOCNO>
Soft pion theorem for hard near threshold pion production


  We prove new soft pion theorem for the near threshold pion production by a
hard electromagnetic probe. This theorem relates various near threshold pion
production amplitudes to the nucleon distribution amplitudes. The new soft pion
theorem is in a good agreement with the SLAC data for F_2^p(W,Q^2) for W^2 <
1.4 GeV^2 and 7 < Q^2 < 30.7 GeV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1004 </DOCNO>
Perturbation theory for the one-dimensional optical polaron


  The one-dimensional optical polaron is treated on the basis of the
perturbation theory in the weak coupling limit. A special matrix diagrammatic
technique is developed. It is shown how to evaluate all terms of the
perturbation theory for the ground-state energy of a polaron to any order by
means of this technique. The ground-state energy is calculated up to the eighth
order of the perturbation theory. The effective mass of an electron is obtained
up to the sixth order of the perturbation theory. The radius of convergence of
the obtained series is estimated. The obtained results are compared with the
results from the Feynman polaron theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72867 </DOCNO>
Form factor of \pi^0-->\gamma\gamma^*


  An intrinsic form factor has benn found and the slope of the form factor has
been predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126093 </DOCNO>
The orbit of the brown dwarf binary Gl 569B


  We present photometric, astrometric and spectroscopic observations of the
nearby (9.8 pc) low-mass binary Gl 569Bab (in turn being a companion to the
early-M star Gl 569A), made with the Keck adaptive optics facility. Having
observed Gl 569Bab since August 1999, we are able to see orbital motion and to
determine the orbital parameters of the pair. We find the orbital period to be
892 +/- 25 days, the semi-major axis to be 0.90 +/- 0.02 AU, the eccentricity
to be 0.32 +/- 0.02 and the inclination of the system to be 34+/- 3 degrees
(1-sigma). The total mass is found to be 0.123 (-0.022/+0.027) Msun (3-sigma).
In addition, we have obtained low resolution (R=1500-1700) near-infrared
spectra of each of the components in the J- and K-bands. We determine the
spectral types of the objects to be M8.5V (Gl 569Ba) and M9V (Gl 569Bb) with an
uncertainty of half a subclass. We also present new J- and K-band photometry
which allows us to accurately place the objects in the HR diagram. Most likely
the binary system is comprised of two brown dwarfs with a mass ratio of 0.89
and with an age of approximately 300 Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74988 </DOCNO>
Study of B0-->J/Psi D(*) and etac D(*) in Perturbative QCD


  Motivated by recent interest in soft $J/\Psi$ production in B decays, we
investigate ${B}^0 \to J/\Psi D^{(\star)}$ and $\eta_c D^{(\star)}$ decays in
perturbative QCD. We find that, within that framework, these decays are
calculable since the heavy $c\bar{c}$ pair in the final states is created by a
hard gluon. The branching ratios are estimated to be around $10^{-7}\sim
10^{-8}$, too small to be consistent with the data, suggesting that other
mechanism(s) contribute to the observed excess of soft $J/\Psi$ in ${B}^0 \to
J/\Psi + X$ decays. The possibility of the production of a hybrid $s{\bar d}g$
meson with mass about 2 GeV is briefly entertained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169425 </DOCNO>
Universal Quantum Gates for Single Cooper Pair Box Based Quantum


  We describe a method for achieving arbitrary 1-qubit gates and controlled-NOT
gates within the context of the Single Cooper Pair Box (SCB) approach to
quantum computing. Such gates are sufficient to support universal quantum
computation. Quantum gate operations are achieved by applying sequences of
voltages and magnetic fluxes to single qubits or pairs of qubits. Neither the
temporal duration, nor the starting time, of a gate operation is used as a
control parameter. As a result, the quantum gates have a constant and known
duration, and depend upon standard control parameter sequences regardless of
when the gate operation begins. This simplifies the integration of quantum
gates into parallel, synchronous, quantum circuits. In addition, we demonstrate
the ability to fabricate such gates, and large-scale quantum circuits, using
current e-beam lithography technology. These features make the SCB-based scheme
a credible contender for practical quantum computer hardware.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125 </DOCNO>
Relaxation and screening in Auger emission: an explanation for the


  Supercell method is used to study the relaxation and screening effects during
the Auger transition in metals. In order to make the interaction between the
core-holes sited at different atoms negligible, the real metal is simulated by
supercells repeated periodically. The electronic states concerned by the Auger
transition are calculated by using FLAPW method. The occurrence of both
bandlike and quasi-atomiclike Auger spectra across transition metal series is
related clearly to the different responses of these metals to the existence of
a core-hole depending on whether their d-bands are partially or completely
filled. As examples, L_3VV and M_1VV Auger spectral profiles of Cu have been
calculated in a reasonably well agreement with experiment. The hole-hole
interaction is considered explicitly in the calculation to give the
multi-splitting in the quasi-atomiclike Auger spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99207 </DOCNO>
Van der Waerden spaces and Hindman spaces are not the same


  A Hausdorff topological space X is van der Waerden if for every sequence
(x_n)_n in X there is a converging subsequence (x_n)_{n in A} where subset A of
omega contains arithmetic progressions of all finite lengths. A Hausdorff
topological space X is Hindman if for every sequence (x_n)_n in X there is an
IP-converging subsequence (x_n)_{n in FS(B)} for some infinite subset B of
omega. We show that the continuum hypothesis implies the existence of a van der
Waerden space which is not Hindman.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3619 </DOCNO>
Antitrace maps and light transmission coefficients for a generalized


  By using antitrace map method, we investigate the light transmission for a
generalized Fibonacci multilayers. Analytical results are obtained for
transmission coefficients in some special cases. We find that the transmission
coefficients possess two-cycle property or six-cycle property. The cycle
properties of the trace and antitrace are also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96676 </DOCNO>
Investigating The Algebraic Structure of Dihomotopy Types


  This presentation is the sequel of a paper published in GETCO'00 proceedings
where a research program to construct an appropriate algebraic setting for the
study of deformations of higher dimensional automata was sketched. This paper
focuses precisely on detailing some of its aspects. The main idea is that the
category of homotopy types can be embedded in a new category of dihomotopy
types, the embedding being realized by the Globe functor. In this latter
category, isomorphism classes of objects are exactly higher dimensional
automata up to deformations leaving invariant their computer scientific
properties as presence or not of deadlocks (or everything similar or related).
Some hints to study the algebraic structure of dihomotopy types are given, in
particular a rule to decide whether a statement/notion concerning dihomotopy
types is or not the lifting of another statement/notion concerning homotopy
types. This rule does not enable to guess what is the lifting of a given
notion/statement, it only enables to make the verification, once the lifting
has been found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149720 </DOCNO>
The Current State of Coherent States


  The original canonical coherent states could be defined in several ways. As
applications for other sets of coherent states arose, the rules of definition
were correspondingly changed. Among such rule changes were a change of group
and relaxation of the analytic nature of the labels. Recent developments have
done away with the group connections altogether and thereby allowed sets of
coherent states to be defined that are temporally stable for a wide variety of
dynamical systems including the hydrogen atom. This article outlines some of
the current trends in the definitions and properties of present-day coherent
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124126 </DOCNO>
The electron temperature in ionized nebulae


  We discuss the role of the electron temperature in abundance determinations
in ionized nebulae (planetary nebulae and giant HII regions). We show that,
even when observations provide a direct estimate of Te, abundance
determinations may sometimes be significantly in error for reasons other than
hypothetical temperature fluctuations or uncertainties in ionization correction
factors, and we show striking examples both in the high and the low metallicity
regimes. On the other hand, even without a direct measure of Te and under
certain conditions, it is possible to give rough estimates (or limits) on the
abundances, both in GHRs and in PNe. Although the main mechanisms determining
the electron temperature in ionized nebulae have been known for half a century,
we emphasize that there are still important problems to be solved. Finally, we
advocate for a different description of temperature inhomogeneities than the
scheme generally used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127079 </DOCNO>
Large-scale star formation in the Magellanic Clouds


  In this contribution I will present the current status of our project of
stellar population analyses and spatial information of both Magellanic Clouds
(MCs). The Magellanic Clouds - especially the LMC with its large size and small
depth (<300pc) - are suitable laboratories and testing ground for theoretical
models of star formation. With distance moduli of 18.5 and 18.9mag for the LMC
and SMC, respectively, and small galactic extinction, their stellar content can
be studied in detail from the most massive stars of the youngest populations
(<25Myr) connected to H-alpha emission down to the low mass end of about 1/10
of a solar mass. Based on broad-band photometry (U,B,V) I present results for
the supergiant shell (SGS) SMC1, some regions at the LMC east side incl. LMC2
showing different overlapping young populations and the region around N171 with
its large and varying colour excess, and LMC4. This best studied SGS shows a
coeval population aged about 12Myr with little age spread and no correlation to
distance from LMC4's centre. I will show that the available data are not
compatible with many of the proposed scenarios like SSPSF or a central trigger
(like a cluster or GRB), while a large-scale trigger like the bow-shock of the
rotating LMC can do the job.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95434 </DOCNO>
Quantum invariant measures


  We derive an explicit expression for the Haar integral on the quantized
algebra of regular functions C_q[K] on the compact real form K of an arbitrary
simply connected complex simple algebraic group G. This is done in terms of the
irreducible *-representations of the Hopf *-algebra C_q[K]. Quantum analogs of
the measures on the symplectic leaves of the standard Poisson structure on K
which are (almost) invariant under the dressing action of the dual Poisson
algebraic group K^* are also obtained. They are related to the notion of
quantum traces for representations of Hopf algebras. As an application we
define and compute explicitly quantum analogs of the Harish-Chandra c-functions
associated to the elements of the Weyl group of G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2076 </DOCNO>
Theoretical analysis of acoustic stop bands in two-dimensional periodic


  This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the recently reported
observation of acoustic stop bands in two-dimensional scattering arrays
(Robertson and Rudy, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. {\bf 104}, 694, 1998). A
self-consistent wave scattering theory, incorporating all orders of multiple
scattering, is used to obtain the wave transmission. The band structures for
the regular arrays of cylinders are computed using the plane wave expansion
method. The theoretical results compare favorably with the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128934 </DOCNO>
New Insights from a study of the Globular Cluster Systems of 60


  We present the results of our detailed WFPC2-based photometric study of the
globular cluster systems (GCS) of over 60 elliptical and S0 galaxies.
Approximately 50\% of the GCSs of ellipticals, and at least 15-20\% of S0s
reveal bimodality in the color distribution. We trace the variation in GCS
properties with Hubble type and discuss the implications on the various models
of galaxy (and cluster system) formation. We also provide evidence that the
globular cluster luminosity function is an excellent distance indicator with an
accuracy comparable to the surface brightness fluctuation method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 684 </DOCNO>
Scattering and absorption of light by periodic and nearly periodic


  We consider the effect of different approximations to the dielectric function
of a silver sphere on the absorption of light by two-dimensional and
three-dimensional periodic and non-periodic arrays of non-overlapping silver
spheres in a host dielectric medium. We present also some results on the band
structure and the absorption coefficient of light by photonic crystals
consisting of non-overlapping silver-coated spheres in a dielectric medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4724 </DOCNO>
Application of the renormalization group method in wireless market


  We use a renormalization group method, similar to that developed for random
spin chains, to infer information about the layouts of cellular wireless
networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6011 </DOCNO>
Domain wall roughening in dipolar films in the presence of disorder


  We derive a low-energy Hamiltonian for the elastic energy of a N\'eel domain
wall in a thin film with in-plane magnetization, where we consider the
contribution of the long-range dipolar interaction beyond the quadratic
approximation. We show that such a Hamiltonian is analogous to the Hamiltonian
of a one-dimensional polaron in an external random potential. We use a replica
variational method to compute the roughening exponent of the domain wall for
the case of two-dimensional dipolar interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148602 </DOCNO>
Determinism in Free Bosons


  It is shown how to map the quantum states of a system of free Bose particles
one-to-one onto the states of a completely deterministic model. It is a
classical field theory with a large (global) gauge group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72807 </DOCNO>
Self-Consistency Requirement in High-Energy Nuclear Scattering


  Practically all serious calculations of exclusive particle production in
ultra-relativistic nuclear or hadronic interactions are performed in the
framework of Gribov-Regge theory or the eikonalized parton model scheme.
 It is the purpose of this paper to point out serious inconsistencies in the
above-mentioned approaches.
 We will demonstrate that requiring theoretical self-consistency reduces the
freedom in modeling high energy nuclear scattering enormously.
  We will introduce a fully self-consistent formulation of the
multiple-scattering scheme in the framework of a Gribov-Regge type effective
theory.
 In addition, we develop new computational techniques which allow for the first
time a satisfactory solution of the problem in the sense that calculation s of
observable quantities can be done strictly within a self-consistent formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149849 </DOCNO>
Coupled Models $WD_{3}$. Their Fixed Points


  $N$ conformal theory models $WD^{(p)}_{3}$ coupled locally by their energy
operators are analyzed by means of a perturbative renormalization group. New
non-trivial fixed points are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150235 </DOCNO>
A proposal for a first class conversion formalism based on the


  We propose a new procedure to embed second class systems by introducing
Wess-Zumino (WZ) fields in order to unveil hidden symmetries existent in the
models. This formalism is based on the direct imposition that the new
Hamiltonian must be invariant by gauge-symmetry transformations. An interesting
feature in this approach is the possibility to fix the WZ fields in a
convenient way, which leads to preserve the gauge symmetry in the original
phase space. Consequently, the gauge invariant Hamiltonian can be written only
in terms of the original phase-space variables. We apply this formalism to
important physical models: the reduced-SU(2) Skyrme model, the
Chern-Simons-Proca quantum mechanics and the chiral bosons field theory. In all
these examples, the gauge-invariant Hamiltonians are derived in a very simple
way when compared with the traditional BFFT approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4348 </DOCNO>
Thomas-Fermi Breakdown for Highly Anisotropic Bose Condensates:


  For highly anisotropic Bose condensates, the kinetic energy in the squeezed
direction cannot be neglected unless the atom number is extremely large.
Therefore, the usual Thomas-Fermi approximation (TFA) breaks down. Alternative
analytic forms valid for such condensates are presented for the condensate
wavefunction and various physical parameters, and they are compared with
results from accurate numerical methods and the TFA. Applications of these
forms are illustrated by estimating excited state eigenvalues and
eigenfunctions of highly anisotropic condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75775 </DOCNO>
Jet Production at HERA


  I review the status of perturbative QCD calculations for jet production in
eP-scattering at HERA. I will discuss possibilities of combining fixed order,
especially higher order, calculations and parton showers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83806 </DOCNO>
Communications Convergence, Spectrum Use and Regulatory Constraints, Or


  As far as many consumers and businessmen and women are concerned,
increasingly wireline and wireless services, including those provided by
terrestrial and satellite systems, are considered to be substitutes and
sometimes complements, regardless of the laws and regulations applicable to
them. At the same time, many writers and even government agencies (such as the
FCC) have suggested that users of the spectrum should be given more
property-like rights in the use of the spectrum and at a minimum should be
given much more flexibility in how they may use the spectrum. Two recent
developments have important implications with respect to "convergence,"
spectrum property rights and flexible use of the spectrum. The first
development involves several proposals to provide terrestrial wireless services
within spectrum in use or planned to be used to provide satellite services. The
second development is the passage of the 2000 ORBIT Act which specifically
forbids the use of license auctions to select among mutually exclusive
applicants to provide international or global satellite communications service.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the questions raised by these
two events, but not necessarily to provide definitive answers or solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169411 </DOCNO>
What is Bohmian Mechanics


  Bohmian mechanics is a quantum theory with a clear ontology. To make clear
what we mean by this, we shall proceed by recalling first what are the problems
of quantum mechanics. We shall then briefly sketch the basics of Bohmian
mechanics and indicate how Bohmian mechanics solves these problems and
clarifies the status and the role of of the quantum formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97550 </DOCNO>
On Convergence of Moments for Random Young Tableaux and a Random Growth


  In recent work of Baik, Deift and Rains convergence of moments was
established for the limiting joint distribution of the lengths of the first k
rows in random Young tableaux. The main difficulty was obtaining a good
estimate for the tail of the distribution and this was accomplished through a
highly nontrival Riemann-Hilbert analysis. Here we give a simpler derivation.
The same method is used to establish convergence of moments for a random growth
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129638 </DOCNO>
The Soft Gamma-Ray Spectral Variability of Cygnus X-1


  We have used observations of Cygnus X-1 from the Compton Gamma-Ray
Observatory (CGRO) and BeppoSAX to study the variation in the MeV gamma-ray
emission between the hard and soft spectral states, using spectra that cover
the energy range 20 keV up to 10 MeV. These data provide evidence for
significant spectral variability at energies above 1 MeV. In particular,
whereas the hard X-ray flux decreases during the soft state, the flux at
energies above 1 MeV increases, resulting in a significantly harder gamma-ray
spectrum at energies above 1 MeV. This behavior is consistent with the general
picture of galactic black hole candidates having two distinct spectral forms at
soft gamma-ray energies. These data extend this picture, for the first time, to
energies above 1 MeV. We have used two different hybrid thermal/non-thermal
Comptonization models to fit broad band spectral data obtained in both the hard
and soft spectral states. These fits provide a quantitative estimate of the
electron distribution and allow us to probe the physical changes that take
place during transitions between the low and high X-ray states. We find that
there is a significant increase (by a factor of ~4) in the bolometric
luminosity as the source moves from the hard state to the soft state.
Furthermore, the presence of a non-thermal tail in the Comptonizing electron
distribution provides significant constraints on the magnetic field in the
source region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99224 </DOCNO>
Generalized log varieties


  We extend the Cone Theorem of the Log Minimal Model Program to log varieties
with arbitrary singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96756 </DOCNO>
A fixed point formula of Lefschetz type in Arakelov geometry III:


  We give a new proof of the Jantzen sum formula for integral representations
of Chevalley schemes over Spec Z. This is done by applying the fixed point
formula of Lefschetz type in Arakelov geometry to generalized flag varieties.
Our proof involves the computation of the equivariant Ray-Singer torsion for
all equivariant bundles over complex homogeneous spaces. Furthermore, we find
several explicit formulae for the global height of any generalized flag
variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3224 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic Excitations in a Spin-Polarized Fermi Gas under Harmonic


  We consider a time-dependent non-linear Schr\"odinger equation in one
dimension (1D) with a fifth-order interaction term and external harmonic
confinement, as a model for both (i) a Bose gas with hard-core contact
interactions in local-density approximation, and (ii) a spin-polarized Fermi
gas in the collisional regime. We evaluate analytically in the Thomas-Fermi
limit the density fluctuation profiles and the collective excitation
frequencies, and compare the results for the low-lying modes with those
obtained from the numerical solution of the Schr\"odinger equation. We find
that the excitation frequencies are multiples of the harmonic-trap frequency
even in the strong-coupling Thomas-Fermi regime. This result shows that the
hydrodynamic and the collisionless collective spectra coincide in the
harmonically confined 1D Fermi gas, as they do for sound waves in its
homogeneous analogue. It also shows that in this case the local-density theory
reproduces the exact collective spectrum of the hard-core Bose gas under
harmonic confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2188 </DOCNO>
Experimental evidence of stochastic resonance without tuning due to non


  In order to test theoretical predictions, we have studied the phenomenon of
stochastic resonance in an electronic experimental system driven by white non
Gaussian noise. In agreement with the theoretical predictions our main findings
are: an enhancement of the sensibility of the system together with a remarkable
widening of the response (robustness). This implies that even a single resonant
unit can reach a marked reduction in the need of noise tuning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125480 </DOCNO>
The Influence of N14(e-,nu)C14(alpha,gamma)O18 reaction on the


  The importance of NCO chain on the onset of the He-flash in degenerate
physical conditions has been reevaluated. We find that low-mass, metal-rich (Z
$\ge$ 0.001) structures climbing the Red Giant Branch do never attain the
physical conditions suitable for the onset of this chain, while at lower
metallicities the energy contribution provided by NCO reaction is too low to
affect the onset of the central He-flash. At the same time, our evolutionary
models suggest that for a Carbon-Oxygen White Dwarf of mass M_{WD}=0.6 M_sun
accreting He-rich matter, directly or as a by-product of an overlying H-burning
shell, at rates suitable for a dynamical He-flash, the NCO energy contribution
is not able to keep hot enough the He-shell and in turn to avoid the occurrence
of a strong electron degeneracy and the ensuing final explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3470 </DOCNO>
Vortex Nucleation in a Stirred Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We studied the nucleation of vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate stirred
by a laser beam. We observed the vortex cores using time-of-flight absorption
imaging. By varying the size of the stirrer, we observed either discrete
resonances or a broad response as a function of the frequency of the stirrer's
motion. Stirring beams small compared to the condensate size generated vortices
below the critical rotation frequency for the nucleation of surface modes,
suggesting a local mechanism of generation. In addition, we observed the
centrifugal distortion of the condensate due to the rotating vortex lattice and
found evidence for bent vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168723 </DOCNO>
Positioning and clock synchronization through entanglement


  A method is proposed to employ entangled and squeezed light for determining
the position of a party and for synchronizing distant clocks. An accuracy gain
over analogous protocols that employ classical resources is demonstrated and a
quantum-cryptographic positioning application is given, which allows only
trusted parties to learn the position of whatever must be localized. The
presence of a lossy channel and imperfect photodetection is considered. The
advantages in using partially entangled states is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129461 </DOCNO>
Decametric AGNs: FIRST and NVSS maps and radio spectra


  Radio sources from the decametric UTR--2 catalog were cross-identified with
other radio catalogs at higher frequencies. We used the CATS database to
extract all sources within the UTR beam size ($\sim40'$) to find candidate
radio identifications. Using the least squares method we fitted the spectrum of
each source with one of a set of curves. We extracted NVSS and FIRST radio
images for the radio-identified sources, and looked for a possible relation
between size and spectral index.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86681 </DOCNO>
Family of solutions for axisymmetric electrovacuum Einstein-Maxwell


  We present a family of solutions for the axisymmetric Plebanski-Demianski
metric and other corresponding reduced metrics. We also present the black hole
characteristics using a new set of parameters for Kerr-Newman metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5331 </DOCNO>
q-Exponential Distribution in Urban Agglomeration


  Usually, the study of city population distribution has been reduced to power
laws. In such analysis, a common practice is to consider cities with more than
one hundred thousand inhabitants. Here, we argue that the distribution of
cities for all ranges of populations can be well described by using a
$q$-exponential distribution. This function, which reproduces the
Zipf-Mandelbrot law, is related to the generalized nonextensive statistical
mechanics and satisfies an anomalous decay equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74828 </DOCNO>
Effective Neutrino Photon Interaction in a Magnetized Medium


  Neutrino-photon processes, forbidden in vacuum, can take place in presence of
a thermal medium or an external electro-magnetic field, mediated by the
corresponding charged leptons (real or virtual). The effect of a medium or an
electromagnetic field is two-fold - to induce an effective $\nu-\gamma$ vertex
and to modify the dispersion relations of all the particles involved to render
the processes kinematically viable. It has already been noted that in presence
of a thermal medium such an electromagnetic interaction translates into the
neutrino acquiring a small effective charge. In this work, we extend this
concept to the case of a thermal medium in presence of an external magnetic
field and calculate the effective charge of a neutrino in the limit of a weak
magnetic field. We find that the effective charge is direction dependent which
is a direct effect of magnetic field breaking the isotropy of the space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149556 </DOCNO>
Mass and Gauge Invariance IV (Holography for the Karch-Randall Model)


  We argue that the Karch-Randall compactification is holographically dual to a
4-d conformal field theory coupled to gravity on Anti de Sitter space. Using
this interpretation we recover the mass spectrum of the model. In particular,
we find no massless spin-2 states. By giving a purely 4-d interpretation to the
compactification we make clear that it represents the first example of a local
4-d field theory in which general covariance does not imply the existence of a
massless graviton. We also discuss some variations of the Karch-Randall model
discussed in the literature, and we examine whether its properties are generic
to all conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96764 </DOCNO>
A Hirzebruch proportionality principle in Arakelov geometry


  We show that a conjectural extension of a fixed point formula in Arakelov
geometry implies results about a tautological subring in the arithmetic Chow
ring of bases of abelian schemes. Among the results are an Arakelov version of
the Hirzebruch proportionality principle and a formula for a critical power of
$\hat c_1$ of the Hodge bundle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76587 </DOCNO>
A detailed next-to-leading order QCD analysis of deeply virtual Compton


  We present a detailed next-to-leading order (NLO) leading twist QCD analysis
of deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) observables, for several different
input scenarios, in the MS-bar scheme. We discuss the size of the NLO effects
and the behavior of the observables in skewedness $\zeta$, momentum transfer,
$t$, and photon virtuality, $q^2=-Q^2$. We present results on the amplitude
level for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized lepton probes, and
unpolarized and longitudinally polarized proton targets. We make predictions
for various asymmetries and for the DVCS cross section and compare with the
available data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125458 </DOCNO>
Phase-resolved spectra of the millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658


  We analyze the RXTE observations of the April 1998 outburst of SAX
J1808.4-3658. We show that the soft blackbody component of the X-ray spectrum
is from the hotspot on the neutron star surface, while the hard component is
from Comptonization of these blackbody photons in the plasma heated by the
accretion shock. The disc cannot provide enough seed photons for
Comptonization. It is truncated into an optically thin flow at ~20-40 R_g by
some generic mechanisms common for black holes and neutron stars. Only below
the truncation radius the flow is disrupted by the magnetic field and
collimated onto the surface. The pulse profiles of both spectral components
imply several constraints on the geometry of the system: the inclination angle,
location and size of the hotspot and the shock.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96154 </DOCNO>
The Hopf algebra $Rep U_q \hat{gl}_\infty$


  We define the Hopf algebra structure on the Grothendieck group of
finite-dimensional polynomial representations of $U_q \hat{gl}_N$ in the limit
$N \to \infty$. The resulting Hopf algebra $Rep U_q \hat{gl}_\infty$ is a
tensor product of its Hopf subalgebras $Rep_a U_q \hat{gl}_\infty$,
$a\in\C^\times/q^{2\Z}$. When $q$ is generic (resp., $q^2$ is a primitive root
of unity of order $l$), we construct an isomorphism between the Hopf algebra
$Rep_a U_q \hat{gl}_\infty$ and the algebra of regular funtions on the
prounipotent proalgebraic group $\tilde{SL}^-_\infty$ (resp.,$\tilde{GL}^-_l$).
When $q$ is a root of unity, this isomorphism identifies the Hopf subalgebra of
$Rep_a U_q \hat{gl}_\infty$, spanned by the modules obtained by pull-back with
respect to the Frobenius homomorphism, with the algebra of functions on the
center of $\tilde{GL}^-_l$. In addition,we construct a natural action of the
Hall algebra associated to the infinite linear quiver (resp., the cyclic quiver
with $l$ vertices) on $Rep_a U_q \hat{gl}_\infty$ and describe the span of
tensor products of evaluation representations taken at fixed points as a module
over this Hall algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97665 </DOCNO>
A Topological Field Theory With a Finite Number of Connected Feynman


  A new topological field theory is constructed, which is characterized by
cubic interactions similar to those of non-abelian Chern-Simons field theories,
but still retains the simplicity of the abelian case. The perturbative
expansion of this theory contains in fact only two connected Feynman diagrams,
the propagator and a three vertex. Apart from the Gauss linking number, the
Wilson loop amplitudes generate a further topological invariant, whose physical
and mathematical meaning is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74637 </DOCNO>
A next-to-leading order QCD analysis of deeply virtual Compton


  We present a next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD analysis of unpolarized and
polarized deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) amplitudes, for two
different input scenarios, in the $\bar{MS}$ scheme. We illustrate and discuss
the size of the NLO effects and the behavior of the amplitudes in skewedness,
$\zeta$, and photon virtuality, $Q^2$. In the unpolarized case, at fixed $Q^2$,
we find a remarkable effective power-law behaviour in $\zeta$, akin to Regge
factorization, over several orders of magnitude in $\zeta$. We also quantify
the ratio of real to imaginary parts of the DVCS amplitudes and their
sensitivity to changes of the factorization scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95570 </DOCNO>
Tensor products of idempotent semimodules. An algebraic approach


  We study idempotent analogs of topological tensor products in the sense of A.
Grothendieck. The basic concepts and results are simulated on the algebraic
level. This is one of a series of papers on idempotent functional analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126086 </DOCNO>
Orbits of Globular Clusters in the Outer Galaxy: NGC 7006


  We present a proper motion study of the distant globular cluster NGC 7006
based on the measurement of 25 photographic plates spanning a 40-year interval.
The absolute proper motion determined with respect to extragalactic objects is
(-0.96, -1.14) +- (0.35, 0.40) mas/yr. The total space velocity of NGC 7006 in
a Galactocentric rest frame is 279 km/s, placing the cluster on one of the most
energetic orbits (Ra =102 kpc) known to date for clusters within 40-kpc from
the Galactic center. We compare the orbits of four clusters that have
apocentric radii larger than 80 kpc (NGC 5466, NGC 6934, NGC 7006 and Pal 13)
with those of Galactic satellites with well-measured proper motions. These
clusters have orbits that are highly eccentric and of various inclinations with
respect to the Galactic plane. In contrast, the orbits of the Galactic
satellites are of low to moderate eccentricity and highly inclined. Based on
orbit types, chemical abundances and cluster parameters, we discuss the
properties of the hypothetical host systems of the remote globular clusters in
the Searle-Zinn paradigm. It is apparent that clusters such as NGC 5466, NGC
6934 and NGC 7006 formed in systems that more likely resemble the Fornax dSph,
rather than the Sagittarius dSph. We also discuss plausible causes for the
difference found so far between the orbit type of outer halo clusters and that
of Galactic satellites and for the tentative, yet suggestive phase-space
scatter found among outer halo clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 399 </DOCNO>
Effects of dipolar field in the spin dynamics of a Fermi liquid


  We study spin dynamics of a normal Fermi liquid taking into account the
demagnetizing field produced by the spin system itself. Linear solutions of the
spin dynamics equations in the form of standing spin waves in a finite volume
of liquid are found. At almost all known experimental conditions the influence
of demagnetizing field can be satisfactorily described by the first order of
perturbation theory. We carried out perturbational calculations for two
geometries of experimental cell -- spherical and finite-cylindrical. We
performed also exact numerical simulations of the spin wave spectra in a
spherical cell at an arbitrary strength of the demagnetizing field.
  The obtained results are applied in particular to conditions of recent
experiment (G.Vermeulen and A.Roni, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 248 (2001)) related to
the problem of zero temperature transverse relaxation in a polarized Fermi
liquid. We found that not taking into account demagnetizing field leads to
negligible errors in the measured relaxation time, thus supporting the
conclusion of the absence of zero temperature spin wave damping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96719 </DOCNO>
Uniform Growth, Actions on Trees and $GL_2$


  We use actions on trees to determine uniform exponential growth for subgroups
of $GL_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174642 </DOCNO>
Deformation effects in the $^{28}$Si+$^{12}$C and $^{28}$Si+$^{28}$Si


  The possible occurence of highly deformed configurations is investigated in
the $^{40}$Ca and $^{56}$Ni di-nuclear systems as formed in the
$^{28}$Si+$^{12}$C,$^{28}$Si reactions by using the properties of emitted light
charged particles. Inclusive as well as exclusive data of the heavy fragments
and their associated light charged particles have been collected by using the
{\sc ICARE} charged particle multidetector array. The data are analysed by
Monte Carlo CASCADE statistical-model calculations using a consistent set of
parameters with spin-dependent level densities. Significant deformation effects
at high spin are observed as well as an unexpected large $^{8}$Be cluster
emission of a binary nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73648 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations via the Bulk


  We investigate the possibility that the large mixing of neutrinos is induced
by their large coupling to a five-dimensional bulk neutrino. In the strong
coupling limit the model is exactly soluble. It gives rise to an oscillation
amplitude whose squared-mass difference is independent of the channel, thus
making it impossible to explain both the solar and the atmospheric neutrino
oscillations simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129700 </DOCNO>
CMB Polarization: Scientific Case and Data Analysis Issues


  We review the science case for studying CMB polarization. We then discuss the
main issues related to the analysis of forth-coming polarized CMB data, such as
those expected from balloon-borne (e.g. BOOMERanG) and satellite (e.g. Planck)
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 947 </DOCNO>
In-plane upper critical field anisotropy in Sr2RuO4 and CeIrIn5


  Experiments on tetragonal Sr2RuO4 and CeIrIn5 indicate the presence of
superconductivity with a multi-component superconducting order parameter. Such
an order parameter should exhibit an in-plane anisotropy in the upper critical
field near the superconducting transition temperature that does not occur for
single-component superconductors. Here, this anisotropy is determined from
microscopic calculations for arbitrary gap functions. It is shown that this
anisotropy is generally not small and, in some cases, independent of impurity
scattering. Furthermore, this anisotropy is calculated for many detailed
microscopic models of Sr2RuO4. For these models this anisotropy is found to be
large, which is in sharp contrast to the small anisotropy observed
experimentally. However, an accidental cancellation of the anisotropy for gaps
on different Fermi surface sheets can lead to a result that is consistent with
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96484 </DOCNO>
On the set of natural numbers


  The natural numbers have been understood as finite numbers, this work tries
to show that the natural numbers are not all finite ones. It is also
demonstrated that the set of all the sequences f_1 f_2 f_3 ... f_i..., where
f_i belongs to {0, 1} and i is a finite natural number, has same cardinality of
the set of natural numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73038 </DOCNO>
One-Loop Electron Vertex in Yennie Gauge


  We derive a compact Yennie gauge representation for the off-shell one-loop
electron-photon vertex, and discuss it properties. This expression is
explicitly infrared finite, and it has proved to be extremely useful in
multiloop calculations in the QED bound state problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98887 </DOCNO>
Algebraic orbifold quantum products


  The purpose of this note is to give an overview of our work on defining
algebraic counterparts for W. Chen and Y. Ruan's Gromov-Witten Theory of
orbifolds. This work will be described in detail in a subsequent paper.
  The presentation here is generally based on lectures given by two of us at
the Orbifold Workshop in Madison, Wisconsin. Following the spirit of the
workshop, we give a nontechnical introduction to stacks, a general discussion
of twisted stable maps, and a run-through of the issues that arise when
generalizing Gromov-Witten theory to Deligne-Mumford stacks.
  We make a special effort to make our constructions as canonical as we can,
systematically using the language of algebraic stacks. Our efforts bear some
concrete fruits; in particular, we are able to define the Chen-Ruan product in
degree 0 (the so called stringy cohomology of the stack) with integer
coefficients.
  Beware - this note may be vanishing in front of your eyes: first, a somewhat
less technical version intended for the workshop proceedings will shortly (we
hope) be submitted. Second, a much more detailed paper is in preparation, in
which all the technicalities which are swept under the rug here are discussed,
as well as some cool stuff about taking roots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169525 </DOCNO>
Entangled-Photon Generation from Parametric Down-Conversion in Media


  We develop and experimentally verify a theory of Type-II spontaneous
parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in media with inhomogeneous distributions of
second-order nonlinearity. As a special case, we explore interference effects
from SPDC generated in a cascade of two bulk crystals separated by an air gap.
The polarization quantum-interference pattern is found to vary strongly with
the spacing between the two crystals. This is found to be a cooperative effect
due to two mechanisms: the chromatic dispersion of the medium separating the
crystals and spatiotemporal effects which arise from the inclusion of
transverse wave vectors. These effects provide two concomitant avenues for
controlling the quantum state generated in SPDC. We expect these results to be
of interest for the development of quantum technologies and the generation of
SPDC in periodically varying nonlinear materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72796 </DOCNO>
Medium effects for terrestrial and atmospheric neutrino oscillations


  Matter effects in neutrino propagation translate into effective parameters
for the oscillation and fake CP- and CPT-odd quantities, even in a scenario,
such as $\Delta_{12}=0$, where no genuine CP violation is present. This fact
seems to impose severe restrictions on the determination of intrinsic
parameters of the system from long-baseline experiments. We show, however, that
the resonance in the effective mixing $\tilde{\theta}_{13}$ can be observed for
a certain range of baselines. This provides a way to measure the vacuum mixing
angle $\theta_{13}$ and the sign of $\Delta m_{23}^2$ from atmospheric
neutrinos, using a detector with energy resolution and charge discrimination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113668 </DOCNO>
A Multisection Broadband Impedance Transforming Branch-Line Hybrid


  Measurements and design equations for a two section impedance transforming
hybrid suitable for MMIC applications and a new method of synthesis for
multisection branch-line hybrids are reported. The synthesis method allows the
response to be specified either of Butterworth or Chebyshev type. Both
symmetric (with equal input and output impedances) and non-symmetric (impedance
transforming) designs are feasible. Starting from a given number of sections,
type of response, and impedance transformation ratio and for a specified
midband coupling, power division ratio, isolation or directivity ripple
bandwidth, the set of constants needed for the evaluation of the reflection
coefficient response is first calculated. The latter is used to define a
driving point impedance of the circuit, synthesize it and obtain the branch
line immittances with the use of the concept of double length unit elements
(DLUE). The experimental results obtained with microstrip hybrids constructed
to test the validity of the brute force optimization and the synthesized
designs show very close agreement with the computed responses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72800 </DOCNO>
$\sigma^{tot}_{ee \gamma \gamma}$ at $e^+e^-$ colliders}


  In this talk I briefly summarize different models for $\sigma^{tot}_{2
\gamma}$ ($e^+e^- \to \gamma \gamma \to$ hadrons) and contrast model
predictions with the data. I will then discuss the capability of the future
$e^+e^-$ and $\gamma \gamma$ colliders to distinguish between various models
and end with an outlook for future work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128875 </DOCNO>
ISO investigates the nature of extremely-red hard X-ray sources


  We analyse very deep X-ray and mid-IR surveys in common areas of the Lockman
Hole and the HDF North to study the sources of the X-ray background (XRB) and
to test the standard obscured accretion paradigm. We detect with ISO a rich
population of X-ray luminous sources with red optical colours, including a
fraction identified with Extremely Red Objects (R-K > 5) and galaxies with SEDs
typical of normal massive ellipticals or spirals at z ~ 1. The high 0.5-10 keV
X-ray luminosities of these objects (1E43-1E45 erg/s) indicate that the
ultimate energy source is gravitational accretion, while the X-ray to IR flux
ratios and the X-ray spectral hardness show evidence of photoelectric
absorption at low X-ray energies. An important hint on the physics comes from
the mid-IR data at 6.7 and 15 um, well reproduced by model spectra of
completely obscured quasars under standard assumptions and l.o.s. optical
depths tau ~ 30-40. Other predictions of the standard XRB picture, like the
distributions of intrinsic bolometric luminosities and the relative fractions
of type-I and -II objects (1:3), are also consistent with our results. Obscured
gravitational accretion is then confirmed as being responsible for the bulk of
the X-ray background, since we detect in the IR the down-graded energy
photoelectrically absorbed in X-rays: 63% of the faint 5-10 keV XMM sources are
detected in the mid-IR by Fadda et al. (2001). However, although as much as 90%
of the X-ray energy production could be converted to IR photons, no more than
20% of the Cosmic IR Background can be attributed to X-ray loud AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113394 </DOCNO>
Schrodinger Equation cannot Describe Transition Processes


  In this paper we prove the following: (1) The basic error of time-dependent
perturbation theory is using the sum of first finite order of perturbed
solutions to substitute the exact solution in the divergent interval of the
series for calculating the transition probability. In addition quantum
mechanics neglects the influence of the normality condition in the continuous
case. In both cases Fermi golden rule is not a mathematically reasonable
deductive inference from the Schrodinger equation. (2) The transition
probability per unit time deduced from the exact solution of the Schrodinger
equation is zero, which cannot be used to describe the transition processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4465 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal spin transport in diluted magnetic semiconductor


  Longitudinal spin transport in diluted magnetic semiconductor superlattices
is investigated theoretically. The longitudinal magnetoconductivity (MC) in
such systems exhibits an oscillating behavior as function of an external
magnetic field. In the weak magnetic field region the giant Zeeman splitting
plays a dominant role which leads to a large negative magnetoconductivity. In
the strong magnetic field region the MC exhibits deep dips with increasing
magnetic field. The oscillating behavior is attributed to the interplay between
the discrete Landau levels and the Fermi surface. The decrease of the MC at low
magnetic field is caused by the $s-d$ exchange interaction between the electron
in the conduction band and the magnetic ions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125141 </DOCNO>
Non-gaussian CMB temperature fluctuations from peculiar velocities of


  We use numerical simulations of a (480 Mpc/h)^3 volume to show that the
distribution of peak heights in maps of the temperature fluctuations from the
kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effects will be highly non-Gaussian,
and very different from the peak height distribution of a Gaussian random
field. We then show that it is a good approximation to assume that each peak in
either SZ effect is associated with one and only one dark matter halo. This
allows us to use our knowledge of the properties of haloes to estimate the peak
height distributions. At fixed optical depth, the distribution of peak heights
due to the kinematic effect is Gaussian, with a width which is approximately
proportional to optical depth; the non-Gaussianity comes from summing over a
range of optical depths. The optical depth is an increasing function of halo
mass, and the distribution of halo speeds is Gaussian, with a dispersion which
is approximately independent of halo mass. This means that observations of the
kinematic effect can be used to put constraints on how the abundance of massive
clusters evolves, and on the evolution of cluster velocities. The
non-Gaussianity of the thermal effect, on the other hand, comes primarily from
the fact that, on average, the effect is larger in more massive haloes, and the
distribution of halo masses is highly non-Gaussian. We also show that because
haloes of the same mass may have a range of density and velocity dispersion
profiles, the relation between halo mass and the amplitude of the thermal
effect is not deterministic, but has some scatter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169005 </DOCNO>
Quantum Monty Hall


  A version of the Monty Hall problem is presented where the players are
permitted to select quantum strategies. If the initial state involves no
entanglement the Nash equilibrium in the quantum game offers the players
nothing more than can be obtained with a classical mixed strategy. However, if
the initial state involves entanglement of the qubits of the two players, it is
advantageous for one player to have access to a quantum strategy while the
other does not. Where both players have access to quantum strategies there is
no Nash equilibrium in pure strategies, however there is a Nash equilibrium in
quantum mixed strategies that gives the same average payoff as the classical
game.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168155 </DOCNO>
Teleportation of a state in view of the quantum theory of measurement


  We give a description of the teleportation of an unknown quantum state which
takes into account the action of the measuring device and manifestly avoids any
reference to the postulate of the state vector collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74381 </DOCNO>
The Radiative Decays B -> V gamma at Next-to-Leading Order in QCD


  We provide a model-independent framework for the analysis of the radiative
B-meson decays B -> K* gamma and B -> rho gamma. In particular, we give a
systematic discussion of the various contributions to these exclusive processes
based on the heavy-quark limit of QCD. We propose a novel factorization formula
for the consistent treatment of B -> V gamma matrix elements involving charm
(or up-quark) loops, which contribute at leading power in Lambda_QCD/m_B to the
decay amplitude. Annihilation topologies are shown to be power suppressed. In
some cases they are nevertheless calculable. The approach is similar to the
framework of QCD factorization that has recently been formulated for two-body
non-leptonic B decays. These results allow us, for the first time, to compute
exclusive b -> s(d) gamma decays systematically beyond the leading logarithmic
approximation. We present results for these decays complete to next-to-leading
order in QCD and to leading order in the heavy-quark limit. Phenomenological
implications for various observables of interest are discussed, including
direct CP violation, and isospin and U-spin breaking effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41614 </DOCNO>
Differences between Quark and Gluon jets as seen at LEP


  The differences between quark and gluon jets are studied using LEP results on
jet widths, scale dependent multiplicities, ratios of multiplicities, slopes
and curvatures and fragmentation functions. It is emphasized that the observed
differences stem primarily from the different quark and gluon colour factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74441 </DOCNO>
What can we learn by probing Trans-Planckian physics


  In this talk we address the issue of how the observables in our present
Universe are affected by processes that may have occured at superplanckian
energies (referred to as the {\it transplanckian regime}). For example, the
origin of the cosmological perturbation spectrum. We model the transplanckian
regime by introducing a 1-parameter family of smooth non-linear dispersion
relations which modify the frequencies at very short distances. For this family
of dispersions, we present the exact solutions and show that the CMBR spectrum
is that of a (nearly) black body, and that the adiabatic vacuum is the only
choice for the initial conditions. A particular feature of the family of
dispersion functions chosen is the production of ultralow frequencies at very
high momenta $k$ (for $k>M_P$). Modes with ultralow frequencies equal or less
than the current Hubble rate are still frozen today. Therefore, their energy
today provides a strong candidate for the dark energy of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95910 </DOCNO>
Characteristic numbers of rational curves with cusp or prescribed triple


  This note pursues the techniques of modified psi classes on the stack of
stable maps (cf. [Graber-Kock-Pandharipande]) to give concise solutions to the
characteristic number problem of rational curves in P^2 or P^1 x P^1 with a
cusp or a prescribed triple contact. The classes of such loci are computed in
terms of modified psi classes, diagonal classes, and certain codimension-2
boundary classes. Via topological recursions the generating functions for the
numbers can then be expressed in terms of the usual characteristic number
potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75686 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Applications of QCD Factorization to Semi-inclusive B


  We have systematically investigated the semi-inclusive B decays $B\to MX$,
which are manifestations of the quark decay $b \to Mq$, within a framework
inspired by QCD-improved factorization. These decays are theoretically clean
and have distinctive experimental signatures. We focus on a class of these that
do not require any form factor information and therefore may be especially
suitable for extracting information on the angles $\alpha$ and $\gamma$ of the
unitarity triangle. The strong phase coming from final-state rescattering due
to hard gluon exchange between the final states can induce large rate
asymmetries for tree-dominated color-suppressed modes
$(\pi^0,\rho^0,\omega)X_{\bar s}$. The nonfactorizable hard spectator
interactions in the 3-body decay $B\to Mq_1\bar q_2$, though phase-space
suppressed, are extremely important for the tree-dominated modes
$(\pi^0,\rho^0,\omega)X_{\bar s},~\phi X$, $J X_s,J X$ and the
penguin-dominated mode $\omega X_{s\bar s}$. Our result for ${\cal B}(B\to J
X_s)$ is in agreement with experiment. $B^0_s\to (\pi^0,\rho^0,\omega)X_{\bar
s}$, $\rho^0X_{s\bar s}$, $B^0\to(K^-X,K^{*-}X)$ and $B^-\to
(K^0X_s,K^{*0}X_s)$ are the most promising ones in searching for direct CP
violation: they have branching ratios of order $10^{-6}-10^{-4}$ and CP rate
asymmetries of order $(10-40)%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149477 </DOCNO>
Counting Supershort Supermultiplets


  We consider multiplet shortening for BPS solitons in N=1 two-dimensional
models. Examples of the single-state multiplets were established previously in
N=1 Landau-Ginzburg models. The shortening comes at a price of loosing the
fermion parity $(-1)^F$ due to boundary effects. This implies the disappearance
of the boson-fermion classification resulting in abnormal statistics. To count
such short multiplets we introduce a new index. We consider the phenomenon of
shortening in a broad class of hybrid models which extend the Landau-Ginzburg
models to include a nonflat metric on the target space. Our index turns out to
be related to the index of the Dirac operator on the soliton moduli space. The
latter vanishes in most cases implying the absence of shortening. We also
generalize the anomaly in the central charge to take into account the target
space metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3243 </DOCNO>
Quantum Correlations in Two-Boson Wavefunctions


  We present the Schmidt decomposition for arbitrary wavefunctions of two
indistinguishable bosons, extending the recent studies of entanglement or
quantum correlations for two fermion systems [J. Schliemann et al.,
Phys. Rev. B {\bf 63}, 085311 (2001) and quant-ph/0012094]. We point out that
the von Neumann entropy of the reduced single particle density matrix remains
to be a good entanglement measure for two identical particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41459 </DOCNO>
Global Analysis with SNO: Toward the Solution of the Solar Neutrino


  We perform a global analysis of the latest solar neutrino data including the
SNO result on the CC-event rate. This result further favors the LMA solution of
the solar neutrino problem. The best fit values of parameters we find are:
\Delta m^2 = (4.8 - 5.0)10^{-5} eV^2, tan^2 \theta = 0.35 - 0.38, f_B = 1.08 -
1.12, and f_{hep} = 1 - 4. With respect to this best fit the LOW solution is
accepted at 90% C.L.. The Vacuum oscillation solution with \Delta m^2 = 1.4
10^{-10} eV^2, gives good fit of the data provided that the boron neutrino flux
is substantially smaller than the SSM flux (f_B \sim 0.5). The SMA solution is
accepted only at 3\sigma level. We find that vacuum oscillations to sterile
neutrino, VAC(sterile), with f_B \sim 0.5 also give rather good global fit of
the data. All other sterile solutions are strongly disfavored. We check the
quality of the fit by constructing the pull-off diagrams of observables.
Predictions for the day-night asymmetry, spectrum distortion and NC/CC ratio at
SNO are calculated. In the best fit points of the global solutions we find:
A_{DN}^{CC} \approx (7 - 8)% for LMA, \sim 3% for LOW, and (2 - 3)% for SMA. It
will be difficult to see the distortion of the spectrum expected for LMA as
well as LOW solutions. However, future SNO spectral data can significantly
affect the VAC and SMA solutions. We also calculate expectations for the
BOREXINO rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127484 </DOCNO>
Coping with Type Ia Supernova "Evolution" When Probing the Nature of the


  Observations of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have provided
strong evidence that the dark energy is real, and making further accurate
observations of high-redshift SNe Ia is the most promising way to probe the
nature of the dark energy. We discuss one of the concerns about such a project
- that of coping with SN Ia evolution. We emphasize that SN Ia evolution
differs in an important respect from the kind of evolution that has foiled some
past projects in observational cosmology, and we outline empirical strategies
that will take it into account. The supporting role of physical models of SNe
Ia also is discussed. Our conclusion is that systematic errors due to SN Ia
evolution will be small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76038 </DOCNO>
Physics of the radion in the Randall-Sundrum scenario


  In the Randall-Sundrum solution to the hierarchy problem, the fluctuations of
the size of the extra dimension are characterized by a single scalar field,
called the radion. The radion is expected to have a mass somewhat lower than
the TeV scale with couplings of order 1/TeV to the trace of the energy momentum
tensor. In addition, the radion can mix with the Higgs boson. Implications for
phenomenology are briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113365 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Resistance in Critical Ionization Velocity Phenomena


  To describe the generation of the electric field by a discontinuity of the
Hall current, an equation of the third order is obtained using the electric
charge conservation and Ohm laws. The solutions of this equation are used to
model the electric impulses detected in experiments aimed to verify Alfven's
hypothesis on the critical ionization velocity at collisions of neutral gas
with magnetized plasma. A quantitative agreement with experiment is attained
and the main features of measured signals are modeled under an assumption on
the strong anomalous resistance behind the discontinuity. Apparently, the
anomalous resistance occurs due to trapping the current carriers by a
small-scaled modulation of the electric field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6806 </DOCNO>
Exact results on the dynamics of multi-component Bose-Einstein


  We study the time-evolution of the two dimensional multi-component
Bose-Einstein condensate in an external harmonic trap with arbitrary
time-dependent frequency. We show analytically that the time-evolution of the
total mean-square radius of the wave-packet is determined in terms of the same
solvable equation as in the case of a single-component condensate. The dynamics
of the total mean-square radius is also the same for the rotating as well as
the non-rotating multi-component condensate. We determine the criteria for the
collapse of the condensate at a finite time. Generalizing our previous work on
a single-component condensate, we show explosion-implosion duality in the
multi-component condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5123 </DOCNO>
Transition from exponential to a power law temperature dependence of the


  We consider interaction effects in a granular normal metal at not very low
temperatures. Assuming that all weak localization effects are suppressed by the
temperature we replace the initial Hamiltonian by a proper functional of phases
and study the possibility for a phase transition depending on the tunneling
conductance $g$. It is demonstrated for any dimension that, while at small $g$
the conductivity depends on temperature exponentially, it obeys a power law at
large $g$. The exponent is estimated for an existing experiment and a good
agreement is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126830 </DOCNO>
Neutron Capture Elements in s-Process-Rich, Very Metal-Poor Stars


  We report abundance estimates for neutron-capture elements, including lead
(Pb), and nucleosynthesis models for their origin, in two carbon-rich, very
metal-poor stars, LP625-44 and LP706-7. These stars are subgiants whose surface
abundances are likely to have been strongly affected by mass transfer from
companion AGB stars that have since evolved to white dwarfs. The detections of
Pb, which forms the final abundance peak of the s-process, enable a comparison
of the abundance patterns from Sr (Z=38) to Pb (Z=82) with predictions of AGB
models. The derived chemical compositions provide strong constraints on the AGB
stellar models, as well as on s-process nucleosynthesis at low metallicity. The
present paper reports details of the abundance analysis for 16 neutron-capture
elements in LP 625-44, including the effects of hyperfine splitting and isotope
shifts of spectral lines for some elements. A Pb abundance is also derived for
LP706-7 by a re-analysis of a previously observed spectrum. We investigate the
characteristics of the nucleosynthesis pathway that produces the abundance
ratios of these objects using a parametric model of the s-process without
adopting any specific stellar model. The neutron exposure tau is estimated to
be about 0.7mb^-1, significantly larger than that which best fits solar-system
material, but consistent with the values predicted by models of moderately
metal-poor AGB stars. This value is strictly limited by the Pb abundance, in
addition to those of Sr and Ba. We also find that the observed abundance
pattern can be explained by a few recurrent neutron exposures, and that the
overlap of the material that is processed in two subsequent exposures is small
(the overlap factor r~0.1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41750 </DOCNO>
In Search for Physics beyond the Standard Model at Tevatron


  We present the most recent results of searches for physics beyond the
Standard Model using the CDF and the D$\not$O detector at the Fermilab Tevatron
Collider. All results shown correspond to analysis performed using the past
1992-1996 Fermilab Tevatron run I data (roughly 110 $pb^{-1}$ per each
experiment). In particular we report on searches for scalar top and scalar
bottom particles together with other {\it classic} Supersymmetry analysis.
Results from non Standard Model Higgs searches are also summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148716 </DOCNO>
Stable Solitons in Field Theory Models for Tachyon Condensation


  We study soliton solutions in scalar field theory with a variety of unbounded
potentials. A subset of these potentials have Gaussian lump solutions and their
fluctuation spectrum is governed by the harmonic oscillator problem. These
lumps are unstable with one tachyonic mode. Soliton solutions in several other
classes of potentials are stable and are of kink type. The problem of the
stability of these solutions is related to a supersymmetric quantum mechanics
problem. The fluctuation spectrum is not equispaced and does not contain any
tachyonic mode. The lowest energy mode is the massless Goldstone mode which
restores broken translation invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 951 </DOCNO>
Unique Quantum Stress Fields


  We have recently developed a geometric formulation of the stress field for an
interacting quantum system within the local density approximation (LDA) of
density functional theory (DFT). We obtain a stress field which is invariant
with respect to choice of energy density. In this paper, we explicitly
demonstrate this uniqueness by deriving the stress field for different energy
densities. We also explain why particular energy densities give expressions for
the stress field that are more tractable than others, thereby lending
themselves more easily to first-principles calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114347 </DOCNO>
EPICS: A Retrospective on Porting iocCore to Multiple Operating Systems


  An important component of EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control
System) is iocCore, which is the core software in the IOC (input/output
controller) front-end processors. At ICALEPCS 1999 a paper was presented
describing plans to port iocCore to multiple operating systems. At that time
iocCore only supported vxWorks, but now it also supports RTEMS, Solaris, Linux,
and WinNT. This paper describes some key features of how iocCore supports
multiple operating systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95966 </DOCNO>
Paths, Crystals and Fermionic Formulae


  We introduce a fermionic formula associated with any quantum affine algebra
U_q(X^{(r)}_N). Guided by the interplay between corner transfer matrix and
Bethe ansatz in solvable lattice models, we study several aspects related to
representation theory, most crucially, the crystal basis theory. They include
one dimensional sums over both finite and semi-infinite paths, spinon character
formulae, Lepowski-Primc type conjectural formula for vacuum string functions,
dilogarithm identities, Q-systems and their solution by characters of various
classical subalgebras and so forth. The results expand [HKOTY1] including the
twisted cases and more details on inhomogeneous paths consisting of non-perfect
crystals. As a most intriguing example, certain inhomogeneous one dimensional
sums conjecturally give rise to branching functions of an integrable
G^{(1)}_2-module related to the embedding G^{(1)}_2 \hookrightarrow B^{(1)}_3
\hookrightarrow D^{(1)}_4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40972 </DOCNO>
Observation of Cabibbo suppressed $B \to D^{(*)}K^-$ decays at Belle


  Cabibbo-suppressed decays $B \to D^{(*)} K^-$ using a 10.4 fb$^{-1}$ data
sample accumulated at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at
the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ storage ring. The high-momentum particle identification
system of Belle is used to isolate signals for $B\to D^0 K^-$, $D^+K^-$,
$D^{*0}K^-$ and $D^{*+}K^-$ from the $B\to D^{(*)}\pi^-$ decay processes which
have much larger branching fractions. We report ratios of Cabibbo-suppressed to
Cabibbo-favored branching fractions of: ${\cal B}(B^- \to D^0 K^-)/{\cal B}(B^-
\to D^0\pi^-) = 0.079\pm0.009\pm0.006$; ${\cal B}(\bar{B^0} \to D^+ K^-)/{\cal
B}(\bar{B^0} \to D^+\pi^-) = 0.068\pm0.015\pm0.007$; ${\cal B}(B^-\to
D^{*0}K^-)/{\cal B}(B^-\to D^{*0}\pi^-) = 0.078 \pm 0.019 \pm 0.009$; and
${\cal B}(\bar{B}^0\to D^{*+}K^-)/{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0\to D^{*+}\pi^-)= 0.074 \pm
0.015 \pm 0.006$. The first error is statistical and the second is systematic.
These are the first reported observations of the $B\to D^+K^-$, $D^{*0}K^-$ and
$D^{*+}K^-$ decay processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5889 </DOCNO>
Multi-shell gold nanowires under compression


  Deformation properties of multi-wall gold nanowires under compressive loading
are studied. Nanowires are simulated using a realistic many-body potential.
Simulations start from cylindrical fcc(111) structures at T=0 K. After
annealing cycles axial compression is applied on multi-shell nanowires for a
number of radii and lengths at T=300 K. Several types of deformation are found,
such as large buckling distortions and progressive crushing. Compressed
nanowires are found to recover their initial lengths and radii even after
severe structural deformations. However, in contrast to carbon nanotubes
irreversible local atomic rearrangements occur even under small compressions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127950 </DOCNO>
Gravity Waves from Rotating Neutron Stars and Evaluation of Fast Chirp


  X-ray observations suggest that neutron stars in low mass X-ray binaries
(LMXB) are rotating with frequencies from 300 - 600 Hz. These spin rates are
significantly less than the break-up rates for essentially all realistic
neutron star equations of state, suggesting that some process may limit the
spin frequencies of accreting neutron stars to this range. If the accretion
induced spin up torque is in equilibrium with gravitational radiation losses,
these objects could be interesting sources of gravity waves. I present a brief
summary of current measurements of neutron star spins in LMXBs based on the
observations of high-Q oscillations during thermonuclear bursts (so called
``burst oscillations''). Further measurements of neutron star spins will be
important in exploring the gravitational radiation hypothesis in more detail.
To this end I also present a study of fast chirp transform (FCT) techniques as
described by Jenet & Prince (2000) in the context of searching for the chirping
signals observed during X-ray bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2215 </DOCNO>
Reconciling Conductance Fluctuations and the Scaling Theory of


  We reconcile the phenomenon of mesoscopic conductance fluctuations with the
single parameter scaling theory of the Anderson transition. We calculate three
averages of the conductance distribution: $\exp(<\ln g>)$, $<g>$ and $1/<R>$
where $g$ is the conductance in units of $e^2/h$ and $R=1/g$ is the resistance
and demonstrate that these quantities obey single parameter scaling laws. We
obtain consistent estimates of the critical exponent from the scaling of all
these quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 375 </DOCNO>
Berry-phase treatment of the homogeneous electric field perturbation in


  A perturbation theory of the static response of insulating crystals to
homogeneous electric fields, that combines the modern theory of polarization
(MTP) with the variation-perturbation framework is developed, at unrestricted
order of perturbation. First, we address conceptual issues related to the
definition of such a perturbative approach. In particular, in our definition of
an electric-field-dependent energy functional for periodic systems, the
position operator appearing in the perturbation term is replaced by a
Berry-phase expression, along the lines of the MTP. Moreover, due to the
unbound nature of the perturbation, a regularization of the Berry-phase
expression for the polarization is needed in order to define a
numerically-stable variational procedure. Regularization is achieved by means
of discretization, which can be performed either before or after the
perturbation expansion. We compare the two possibilities and apply them to a
model tight-binding Hamiltonian. Lowest-order as well as generic formulas are
presented for the derivatives of the total energy, the normalization condition,
the eigenequation, and the Lagrange parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129259 </DOCNO>
The Solar Neighborhood VI: New Southern Stars Identified by Optical


  Broadband optical spectra are presented for 34 known and candidate nearby
stars in the southern sky. Spectral types are determined using a new method
that compares the entire spectrum with spectra of more than 100 standard stars.
We estimate distances to 13 candidate nearby stars using our spectra and new or
published photometry. Six of these stars are probably within 25 pc, and two are
likely to be within the RECONS horizon of 10 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41687 </DOCNO>
Application of bent crystals at IHEP 70-GeV accelerator to enhance the


  Bent crystal was extracting 70-GeV protons with average intensity 4*10^11 (as
measured in external beamline) per spill of 1.6 s duration, in parallel to the
simultaneous work of two internal targets in the accelerator ring. An
additional crystal, placed in the external beamline, was deflecting a small
part of the extracted beam with intensity 10^7 protons toward another physics
experiment. Crystal-extracted beam had a typical size of 4 mm by 4 mm fwhm at
the end of the external beamline. Measurements for the extraction efficiency
and other characteristics at the simultaneous work of four experimental set-ups
are presented. With crystal working in the above-said regime during one month,
no degradation of channeling was observed. The studies of extraction efficiency
have been continued with new crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1200 </DOCNO>
Effective Area-Elasticity and Tension of Micro-manipulated Membranes


  We evaluate the effective Hamiltonian governing, at the optically resolved
scale, the elastic properties of micro-manipulated membranes. We identify
floppy, entropic-tense and stretched-tense regimes, representing different
behaviors of the effective area-elasticity of the membrane. The corresponding
effective tension depends on the microscopic parameters (total area, bending
rigidity) and on the optically visible area, which is controlled by the imposed
external constraints. We successfully compare our predictions with recent data
on micropipette experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128832 </DOCNO>
Does the plasma composition affect the long term evolution of


  We study the influence of the matter content of extragalactic jets on their
morphology, dynamics and emission properties. For this purpose we consider jets
of extremely different compositions including pure leptonic and baryonic
plasmas. Our work is based on two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic
simulations of the long-term evolution of powerful extragalactic jets
propagating into a homogeneous environment. The equation of state used in the
simulations accounts for an arbitrary mixture of electrons, protons and
electron-positron pairs. Using the hydrodynamic models we have also computed
synthetic radio maps and the thermal Bremsstrahlung X-ray emission from their
cavities.
  Although there is a difference of about three orders of magnitude in the
temperatures of the cavities inflated by the simulated jets, we find that both
the morphology and the dynamic behaviour are almost independent on the assumed
composition of the jets. Their evolution proceeds in two distinct epochs.
During the first one multidimensional effects are unimportant and the jets
propagate ballistically. The second epoch starts when the first larger vortices
are produced near the jet head causing the beam cross section to increase and
the jet to decelerate. The evolution of the cocoon and cavity is in agreement
with a simple theoretical model. The beam velocities are relativistic ($\Gamma
\simeq 4$) at kiloparsec scales supporting the idea that the X-ray emission of
several extragalactic jets may be due to relativistically boosted CMB photons.
The radio emission of all models is dominated by the contribution of the hot
spots. All models exhibit a depression in the X-rays surface brightness of the
cavity interior in agreement with recent observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3943 </DOCNO>
Short-range correlation in the uniform electron gas: Extended Overhauser


  We use the two-electron wavefunctions (geminals) and the simple screened
Coulomb potential proposed by Overhauser [Can. J. Phys. 73, 683 (1995)] to
compute the pair-distribution function for a uniform electron gas. We find
excellent agreement with Quantum Monte Carlo simulations in the short-range
region, for a wide range of electron densities. We are thus able to estimate
the value of the second-order coefficient of the small interelectronic-distance
expansion of the pair-distribution function. The results are generalized to the
partially polarized gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98427 </DOCNO>
Transience, Recurrence and Critical Behavior for Long-Range Percolation


  We study the behavior of the random walk on the infinite cluster of
independent long range percolation in dimensions $d=1,2$, where $x$ and $y$ a
re connected with probability $\sim\beta/\|x-y\|^{-s}$. We show that when
$d<s<2d$ the walk is transient, and when $s\geq 2d$, the walk is recurrent. The
proof of transience is based on a renormalization argument. As a corollary of
this renormalization argument, we get that for every dimension $d$, if
$d<s<2d$, then critical percolation has no infinite clusters. This result is
extended to the free random cluster model. A second corollary is that when
$d\geq 2$ and $d<s<2d$ we can erase all long enough bonds and still have an
infinite cluster. The proof of recurrence in two dimensions is based on general
stability results for recurrence in random electrical networks. In particular,
we show that i.i.d. conductances on a recurrent graph of bounded degree yield a
recurrent electrical network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126570 </DOCNO>
On the optical and X-ray afterglows of gamma ray bursts


  We severely criticize the consuetudinary analysis of the afterglows of
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the conical-ejection fireball scenarios. We argue
that, instead, recent observations imply that the long-duration GRBs and their
afterglows are produced by highly relativistic jets of cannonballs (CBs)
emitted in supernova explosions. The CBs are heated by their collision with the
supernova shell. The GRB is the boosted surface radiation the CBs emit as they
reach the transparent outskirts of the shell. The exiting CBs further
decelerate by sweeping up interstellar matter (ISM). The early X-ray afterglow
is dominated by thermal bremsstrahlung from the cooling CBs, the optical
afterglow by synchrotron radiation from the ISM electrons swept up by the CBs.
We show that this model fits simply and remarkably well all the measured
optical afterglows of the 15 GRBs with known redshift, including that of GRB
990123, for which unusually prompt data are available. We demonstrate that GRB
980425 was a normal GRB produced by SN1998bw, with standard X-ray and optical
afterglows. We find that the CBs of GRB 970508 were gravitationally lensed by
an intervening star, and moved extremely superluminally for kiloparsecs. The
afterglows of the nearest 8 of the known-redshift GRBs show various degrees of
evidence for an association with a supernova akin to SN1998bw. In all other
cases such an association, even if present, would have been undetectable with
the best current photometric sensitivities. This gives strong support to the
proposition that most, maybe all, of the long-duration GRBs are associated with
supernovae. Though our emphasis is on optical afterglows, we also provide an
excellent description of X-ray afterglows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125598 </DOCNO>
Models of the SL9 Impacts I. Ballistic Monte-Carlo Plume


  We model the Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 - Jupiter impact plumes to calculate
synthetic plume views, atmospheric infall fluxes, and debris patterns. Our
plume is a swarm of ballistic particles with one of several mass-velocity
distributions (MVD). The swarm is ejected instantaneously and uniformly into a
cone from its apex. Upon falling to the ejection altitude, particles slide with
horizontal deceleration following one of several schemes. The model ignores
hydrodynamic and Coriolis effects. We adjust plume tilt, opening angle, and
minimum velocity, and choose MVD and sliding schemes, to create impact patterns
that match observations. Our best match uses the power-law MVD from the
numerical impact model of Zahnle and Mac Low, with velocity cutoffs at 4.5 and
11.8 km/sec, cone opening angle of 75 degrees, cone tilt of 30 degrees from
vertical, and a sliding constant deceleration of 1.74 m/sec^2. A
mathematically-derived feature of Zahnle and Mac Low's published cumulative MVD
is a thin shell of mass at the maximum velocity, corresponding to the former
atmospheric shock front. This vanguard contains 22% of the mass and 45% of the
energy of the plume, and accounts for several previously-unexplained
observations, including the large, expanding ring seen at 3.2 microns by
McGregor et al. and the ``third precursors'' and ``flare'' seen near 300 and
1000 sec, respectively, in the infrared lightcurves. We present synthetic views
of the plumes in flight and after landing and derive infall fluxes of mass,
energy, and vertical momentum as a function of time and position on the
surface. These fluxes initialize a radiative-hydrodynamic atmosphere model
(Paper II of this series) that calculates the thermal and dynamical response of
the atmosphere and produces synthetic lightcurves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98458 </DOCNO>
Length spectra and p-spectra of compact flat manifolds


  We study the length, weak length and complex length spectrum of closed
geodesics of a compact flat Riemannian manifold, comparing
length-isospectrality with isospectrality of the Laplacian acting on p-forms.
Using integral roots of the Krawtchouk polynomials, we give many pairs of
p-isospectral flat manifolds having different lengths of closed geodesics and
in some cases, different injectivity radius and different first eigenvalue. We
prove a Poisson summation formula relating the p-eigenvalue spectrum with the
lengths of closed geodesics. As a consequence we show that the spectrum
determines the lengths of closed geodesics and, by an example, that it does not
determine the complex lengths. Furthermore we show that orientability is an
audible property for flat manifolds. We give a variety of examples, for
instance, a pair of isospectral (resp. Sunada isospectral) manifolds with
different length spectra and a pair with the same complex length spectra and
not p-isospectral for any p, or else p-isospectral for only one value of p
different from 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127693 </DOCNO>
The FALCON concept: multi-object spectroscopy combined with MCAO in


  A large fraction of the present-day stellar mass was formed between z=0.5 and
z~3 and our understanding of the formation mechanisms at work at these epochs
requires both high spatial and high spectral resolution: one shall
simultaneously} obtain images of objects with typical sizes as small as
1-2kpc(~0''.1), while achieving 20-50 km/s (R >= 5000) spectral resolution. The
obvious instrumental solution to adopt in order to tackle the science goal is
therefore a combination of multi-object 3D spectrograph with multi-conjugate
adaptive optics in large fields. A partial, but still competitive correction
shall be prefered, over a much wider field of view. This can be done by
estimating the turbulent volume from sets of natural guide stars, by optimizing
the correction to several and discrete small areas of few arcsec2 selected in a
large field (Nasmyth field of 25 arcmin) and by correcting up to the 6th, and
eventually, up to the 60th Zernike modes. Simulations on real extragalactic
fields, show that for most sources (>80%), the recovered resolution could reach
0".15-0".25 in the J and H bands. Detection of point-like objects is improved
by factors from 3 to >10, when compared with an instrument without adaptive
correction. The proposed instrument concept, FALCON, is equiped with deployable
mini-integral field units (IFUs), achieving spectral resolutions between R=5000
and 20000. Its multiplex capability, combined with high spatial and spectral
resolution characteristics, is a natural ground based complement to the next
generation of space telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4179 </DOCNO>
Diluted quantum antiferromagnets: spin excitations and long-range order


  We have studied the static and dynamic magnetic properties of two-dimensional
(2D) and quasi-two-dimensional, spin-S, quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnets
(QHAF) diluted with spinless vacancies. Using spin-wave theory and T-matrix
approximation we have calculated the staggered magnetization, M(x,T), the
neutron scattering dynamical structure factor, S(k,omega), the 2D magnetic
correlation length, \xi(x,T), and the Neel temperature, T_N(x), for the
quasi-2D case. We find that in 2D the hydrodynamic description of excitations
in terms of spin-waves breaks down at the wavelength larger than \ell/a ~
exp(\pi/4x), x being impurity concentration and "a" the lattice spacing. The
density of states acquires a constant term and exhibits an anomalous peak at
omega omega_0 associated with the low-energy localized excitations. These
anomalies lead to a substantial enhancement of the magnetic specific heat, C_M,
at low temperatures. Although the dynamical properties are significantly
modified we show that 2D is not the lower critical dimension for this problem.
Our results are in quantitative agreement with the recent Monte Carlo
simulations and experimental data for S=1/2, S=1, and S=5/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41549 </DOCNO>
Recent KTEV Results


  Preliminary KTEV results are presented based on the 1997 data set, and
include an improved measurement of Re(e'/e), CPT tests, and precise
measurements of Tau_S and Delta M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1355 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative computation of the bubble nucleation rate in the cubic


  At first order phase transitions the transition proceeds through droplet
nucleation and growth. We discuss a lattice method for calculating the droplet
nucleation rate, including the complete dynamical factors. The method is
especially suitable for very strongly suppressed droplet nucleation, which is
often the case in physically interesting transitions. We apply the method to
the 3-dimensional cubic anisotropy model in a parameter range where the model
has a radiatively induced strong first order phase transition, and compare the
results with analytical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148215 </DOCNO>
Logarithmic Currents in the SU(2)_0 WZNW model


  We study four point correlation functions of the spin 1 operators in the
SU(2)_0 WZNW model. The general solution which is everywhere single-valued has
logarithmic terms and thus has a natural interpretation in terms of logarithmic
conformal field theory. These are not invariant under all the crossing
symmetries but can remain if fields possess additional quantum numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124456 </DOCNO>
The evolutionary time scale of Sakurai's object: A test of convection


  Sakurai's object (V4334 Sgr) is a born again AGB star following a very late
thermal pulse. So far no stellar evolution models have been able to explain the
extremely fast evolution of this star, which has taken it from the pre-white
dwarf stage to its current appearance as a giant within only a few years. A
very high stellar mass can be ruled out as the cause of the fast evolution.
Instead the evolution time scale is reproduced in stellar models by making the
assumption that the efficiency for element mixing in the He-flash convection
zone during the very late thermal pulse is smaller than predicted by the
mixing-length theory. As a result the main energy generation from fast proton
capture occurs closer to the surface and the expansion to the giant state is
accelerated to a few years. Assuming a mass of V4334 Sgr of 0.604Msun -- which
is consistent with a distance of 4kpc -- a reduction of the mixing length
theory mixing efficiency by a factor of ~ 100 is required to match its
evolutionary time scale. This value decreases if V4334 Sgr has a smaller mass
and accordingly a smaller distance. However, the effect does not disappear for
the smallest possible masses. These findings may present a semi-empirical
constraint on the element mixing in convective zones of the stellar interior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41544 </DOCNO>
Search for New Physics in Photon-Lepton Events in Proton-Antiproton


  We present the results of a search in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s)
= 1.8 TeV for anomalous production of events containing a photon with large
transverse energy and a lepton (e or mu) with large transverse energy, using 86
pb^{-1} of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab during the
1994-95 collider run at the Fermilab Tevatron. The presence of large missing
transverse energy, additional photons, or additional leptons in these events is
also analyzed. The results are consistent with standard model expectations,
with the possible exception of photon-lepton events with large missing
transverse energy, for which the observed total is 16 events and the expected
mean total is 7.6+/-0.7 events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129587 </DOCNO>
The phase-diagram of cosmological baryons


  We investigate the behaviour of cosmological baryons at low redshifts $z < 5$
after reionization through analytic means. In particular, we study the
density-temperature phase-diagram which describes the history of the gas. Thus,
we show how the location of the matter in this $(\rho,T)$ diagram expresses the
various constraints implied by usual hierarchical scenarios. This yields robust
model-independent results which agree with numerical simulations. Thus, the IGM
is seen to be formed by two phases: a ``cool'' photo-ionized component and a
``warm'' component governed by shock-heating. We recover the fraction of matter
and the spatial clustering computed by numerical simulations. We also check
that the soft X-ray background due to the ``warm'' IGM component is consistent
with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125899 </DOCNO>
Infrared Space Observatories: How to Mitigate Zodiacal Dust


  (Abridged) Out-of-the-ecliptic trajectories that are beneficial to space
observatories such as the Terrestrial Planet Finder and other potential mid-IR
missions are introduced. These novel trajectories result in significantly
reduced background noise from the zodiacal dust radiation and therefore allow a
reduction in telescope collecting area and hence cost. Two types of optimal
trajectories that are energetically feasible were derived using genetic
algorithms. These are highly inclined non-Keplerian heliocentric orbits. The
first optimal trajectory can use existing launch technology and the zodiacal
brightness for this trajectory is reduced by at least 50% for 60% of the
mission lifetime. The second optimal trajectory requires planned improvement in
launch technology but it renders a zodiacal cloud brightness reduction by at
least 70% for 82% of the mission lifetime. Heliocentric orbits at 5 AU have
been discussed because the zodiacal dust concentration is extremely low there
and the energy requirements to reach these trajectories are low if
gravitational assists can be used. Unfortunately such orbits are impractical
because of high cost, power source constraints (inability to use solar cells),
communication delays, and a long travel time before data return. Additionally,
the energy requirements to reach our low and high energy optimal trajectories
are respectively half as much and equivalent to a direct trip to 5AU with no
planetary gravitational assists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5617 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Possible Phase-Separations in RuSr2(Gd,Ce)2Cu2O10-delta


  An unusual thermal-magnetic hysteresis was observed between a minor magnetic
transition around 120 K and the main one at 80 K in superconducting
RuSr2(R,Ce)2Cu2O10-delta (Ru1222R) samples, where R = Gd or Eu, down to a
submicron length-scale. The observation suggests a possible phase-separation
and is consistent with the very small but universal demagnetizing factor
observed, which is difficult to reconcile with the canted spin-structure
previously proposed. In such a scenario, the unusual superconducting properties
of the Ru-based cuprates can also be understood naturally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168919 </DOCNO>
The Origin of the Planck's Constant


  In this paper, we discuss an equation which does not contain the Planck's
constant, but it will turn out the Planck's constant when we apply the equation
to the problems of particle diffraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148212 </DOCNO>
Interactions between Dielectric Branes


  Quantum corrections to the energy of D0-branes in a constant RR 4-form
background are studied. Using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, we compute
the long-range interaction between two spherical D2-D0 bound states. We extend
this calculation to the case where some mass terms are added. For the special
value of masses at which the classical energy vanishes, we find complete
cancellations of two boson-fermion pairs in the quantum mechanical expression
of the zero-point energy, suggesting possible restoration of (partial)
supersymmetries. We also briefly discuss the interaction between a dielectric
2-brane and a single D0-brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 50 </DOCNO>
Energy-transfer rate in a double-quantum-well system due to Coulomb


  We study the energy-transfer rate for electrons in a double-quantum-well
structure, where the layers are coupled through screened Coulomb interactions.
The energy-transfer rate between the layers (similar to the Coulomb drag effect
in which the momentum transfer rate is considered) is calculated as functions
of electron densities, interlayer spacing, the temperature difference of the
2DEGs, and the electron drift velocity in the drive layer. We employ the full
wave vector and frequency dependent random-phase approximation at finite
temperature to describe the effective interlayer Coulomb interaction. We find
that the collective modes (plasmons) of the system play a dominant role in the
energy transfer rates. The contribution of optical phonons to the transfer
rates through the phonon mediated Coulomb coupling mechanism has also been
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4300 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Solution of the On-Line Minority Game


  We solve the dynamics of the on-line minority game, with general types of
decision noise, using generating functional techniques a la De Dominicis and
the temporal regularization procedure of Bedeaux et al. The result is a
macroscopic dynamical theory in the form of closed equations for correlation-
and response functions defined via an effective continuous-time single-trader
process, which are exact in both the ergodic and in the non-ergodic regime of
the minority game. Our solution also explains why, although one cannot formally
truncate the Kramers-Moyal expansion of the process after the Fokker-Planck
term, upon doing so one still finds the correct solution, that the previously
proposed diffusion matrices for the Fokker-Planck term are incomplete, and how
previously proposed approximations of the market volatility can be traced back
to ergodicity assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149352 </DOCNO>
Form factor representation of the correlation function of the two


  The correlation function of the two dimensional Ising model with the nearest
neighbours interaction on the finite size lattice with the periodical boundary
conditions is derived. The expressions similar to the form factor expansion are
obtained both for the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic regions of coupling
parameter. The peculiarities caused by finite size are analyzed. The scaling
limit of the lattice form factor expansion is evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2409 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in MgB2 and TaB2: A Full-Potential Electronic


  We present a comparison of electronic structure of MgB2 and TaB2, the two new
superconductors, as well as VB2, calculated using full-potential, density-
functional-based methods in P6/mmm crystal structure. Our results, described in
terms of (i) density of states (DOS), (ii) band-structure, and (iii) the DOS
and the electronic charge density in a small energy window around the Fermi
energy EF. In particular, the charge density around EF in MgB2 and TaB2 show
striking similarity as far as the B plane is concerned. A comparison of their
band-structures, coupled with l-character analysis, indicates that TaB2 has
substantially more p-character than VB2 along A-L and H-A directions near EF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113576 </DOCNO>
Spurious oscillations from local self-interaction correction in high


  We find that for simple metal clusters a single-electron description of the
ground state employing self-interaction correction (SIC) in the framework of
local-density approximation strongly contaminates the high energy
photoionization cross sections with spurious oscillations for a subshell
containing node(s). This effect is shown connected to the unphysical structure
that SIC generates in ensuing state-dependent radial potentials around a
position where the respective orbital density attains nodal zero. Non-local
Hartree-Fock that exactly eliminates the electron self-interaction is found
entirely free from this effect. It is inferred that while SIC is largely
unimportant in high photon-energies, any implementation of it within the local
frame can induce unphysical oscillations in the high energy photospectra of
metal clusters pointing to a general need for caution in choosing appropriate
theoretical tools.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76986 </DOCNO>
The Entropy of the Quark-Gluon Plasma


  The entropy of the quark-gluon plasma can be calculated from QCD using
(approximately) self-consistent approximations. Lattice results for pure gauge
theories are accurately reproduced down to temperatures of the order of
2.5$T_c$. Comparisons with other approaches to the thermodynamics of the
quark-gluon plasma are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96412 </DOCNO>
Geometric Algebra for Subspace Operations


  The set theory relations \in, \backslash, \Delta, \cap, and \cup have
corollaries in subspace relations. Geometric Algebra is introduced as the ideal
framework to explore these subspace operations. The relations \in, \backslash,
and \Delta are easily subsumed by Geometric Algebra for Euclidean metrics. A
short computation shows that the meet (\cap) and join (\cup) are resolved in a
projection operator representation with the aid of one additional product
beyond the standard Geometric Algebra products. The result is that the join can
be computed even when the subspaces have a common factor, and the meet can be
computed without knowing the join. All of the operations can be defined and
computed in any signature (including degenerate signatures) by transforming the
problem to an analogous problem in a different algebra through a transformation
induced by a linear invertible function (a LIFT to a different algebra). The
new results, as well as the techniques by which we reach them, add to the tools
available for subspace computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81040 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Studies of the Dimensionally Reduced 4d SU(N) Super


  We simulate a supersymmetric matrix model obtained from dimensional reduction
of 4d SU(N) super Yang-Mills theory. The model is well defined for finite N and
it is found that the large N limit obtained by keeping g^2 N fixed gives rise
to well defined operators which represent string amplitudes. The space-time
structure which arises dynamically from the eigenvalues of the bosonic matrices
is discussed, as well as the effect of supersymmetry on the dynamical
properties of the model. Eguchi-Kawai equivalence of this model to ordinary
gauge theory does hold within a finite range of scale. We report on new
simulations of the bosonic model for N up to 768 that confirm this property,
which comes as a surprise since no quenching or twist is introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148675 </DOCNO>
On the Nature of the Hagedorn Transition in NCOS Systems


  We extend the study of the nature of the Hagedorn transition in NCOS systems
in various dimensions. The canonical analysis results in a microscopic
ionization picture of a bound state system in which the Hagedorn transition is
postponed till irrelevancy. A microcanonical analysis leads to a limiting
Hagedorn behaviour dominated by highly excited, long open strings. The study of
the full phase diagram of the NCOS system using the AdS/CFT correspondence
suggests that the microscopic ionization picture is the correct one. We discuss
some refinements of the ionization mechanism for $d>2$ NCOS systems, including
the formation of a temperature-dependent barrier for the process. Some possible
consequences of this behaviour, including a potential puzzle for $d=5$, are
discussed. Phase diagrams of a regularized form of NCOS systems are introduced
and do accomodate a phase of long open strings which disappears in the strict
NCOS limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126902 </DOCNO>
A new formation model for M32: A threshed early-type spiral?


  The origin of the closest compact elliptical galaxy (cE) M32 is a
longstanding problem of galaxy formation in the Local Group. Our N-body/SPH
simulations suggest a new scenario in which the strong tidal field of M31 can
transform a spiral galaxy into a compact elliptical. As a low luminosity spiral
galaxy plunges into the central region of M31, most of the outer stellar and
gaseous components of its disk are dramatically stripped due to M31's tidal
field The central bulge component, on the other hand, is just weakly influenced
by the tidal field owing to its compact configuration, and retains its
morphology. M31's strong tidal field also induces rapid gas transfer to the
central region, triggers a nuclear starburst, and consequently forms the
central high density and more metal-rich stellar populations with relatively
young ages. Thus, in this scenario, M32 was previously the bulge of a spiral
tidally interacting with M31 several Gyr ago. Furthermore, we suggest cEs like
M32 are rare, the result of both the rather narrow parameter space for tidal
interactions which morphologically transform spirals into cEs and the very
short time scale ($<$ a few $10^9$ yr) for cEs to be swallowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123584 </DOCNO>
Very Red and Extremely Red Galaxies in the Fields of z ~ 1.5 Radio-Loud


  We previously identified an excess of mostly red galaxies around 31 RLQs at
z=1-2. These fields have an ERO (extremely red object, R-K>6) density 2.7 times
higher than the field. Assuming the EROs are passively evolved galaxies at the
quasar redshifts, they have characteristic luminosities of only ~L^*. We also
present new observations of four z~1.54 RLQ fields: (1) Wide-field J & Ks data
confirm an Abell richness ~2 excess within 140" of Q0835+580 but an excess only
within 50" of Q1126+101. (2) In 3 fields we present deep narrow-band redshifted
H-alpha observations. We detect five candidate galaxies at the quasar
redshifts, a surface density 2.5x higher than the field. (3) SCUBA sub-mm
observations of 3 fields detect 2 quasars and 2 galaxies with SEDs best fit as
highly reddened galaxies at the quasar z. (4) H-band adaptive optics (AO)
imaging is used to estimate redshifts for 2 red, bulge-dominated galaxies using
the Kormendy relation. Both have structural redshifts foreground to the quasar,
but these are not confirmed by photometric redshifts, possibly because their
optical photometry is corrupted by scattered light from the AO guidestar. (5)
We use quantitative SED fits to constrain the photometric redshifts z_ph for
some galaxies. Most galaxies near Q0835+580 are consistent with being at its
redshift, including a candidate very old passively evolving galaxy. Many very &
extremely red objects have z_ph z_q, and dust reddening is required to fit most
of them, including many objects whose fits also require relatively old stellar
populations. Large reddenings of E(B-V)~0.6 are required to fit four J-K
selected EROs, though all but one of them have best-fit z_ph>z_q. These objects
may represent a population of dusty high-z galaxies underrepresented in
optically selected samples. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5210 </DOCNO>
MgB2 conductors for dc and ac applications


  The paper presents discussion on up to date results on MgB2 conductors from
the point of view of their future dc and ac applications. Basic physical
parameters of MgB2 compound relevant to conductors are introduced. Different
conductor preparation methods and conductor architectures are presented and
attainable critical current densities discussed. Some numerical results on
critical currents and ac losses of future multifilamentary MgB2 conductors with
magnetic cladding of their filaments are given. Recently observed anomalous
decrease of ac susceptibility at 50 K in copper clad Powder-in-tube, PIT, MgB2
wires is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128287 </DOCNO>
Spiral waves in accretion discs - theory


  Spirals shocks have been widely studied in the context of galactic dynamics
and protostellar discs. They may however also play an important role in some
classes of close binary stars, and more particularly in cataclysmic variables.
In this paper, we review the physics of spirals waves in accretion discs,
present the results of numerical simulations and consider whether theory can be
reconcilied with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4697 </DOCNO>
Superconductor strip with transport current: Magneto-optical study of


  The dynamics of magnetic flux distributions across a YBaCuO strip carrying
transport current is measured using magneto-optical imaging at 20 K. The
current is applied in pulses of 40-5000 ms duration and magnitude close to the
critical one, 5.5 A. During the pulse some extra flux usually penetrates the
strip, so the local field increases in magnitude. When the strip is initially
penetrated by flux, the local field either increases or decreases depending
both on the spatial coordinate and the current magnitude. Meanwhile, the
current density always tends to redistribute more uniformly. Despite the
relaxation, all distributions remain qualitatively similar to the Bean model
predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168317 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Requirement of optical coherence for continuous--variable


  The argument of Rudolph and Sanders, while technically correct, raises
conceptual problems. In particular, if carried to its logical conclusion, it
would disallow the use in our theories of any time $t$ with implied resolution
beyond that of direct human experience.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148508 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative D- and M-brane Bound States


  We analyze certain brane bound states in M-theory and their descendants in
type IIA string theory, all involving 3-form or 2-form background fluxes. Among
them are configurations which represent NCYM, NCOS and ODp-theories in the
scaling limit of OM-theory. In particular, we show how the conditions for the
embedding to preserve supersymmetry are modified by the presence of the flux
and discuss their relations for the various different bound states. Via the
formalism of geometric quantization such a deformation of a supersymmetric
cycle is related to a non-commutativity of its coordinates. We also study
possible non-commutative deformations of the Seiberg-Witten curve of N=2
supersymmetric gauge theories due to non-trivial H-flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41492 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of Vees, Kinks, $\Xi^-$'s, and $\Omega^-$'s in the Focus


  We describe the various techniques developed in the Fermilab Wideband
Experiments, E687 and FOCUS, to reconstruct long-lived states. The techniques
all involve modifications to standard tracking techniques and are useful to
report for future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41108 </DOCNO>
Estimate of the Energy of Upgoing Muons with Multiple Coulomb Scattering


  Upward throughgoing muons in underground detectors are induced by atmospheric
$\nu_\mu$ with energies in the $1-10^4 GeV$ range. The oscillations of
atmospheric muon neutrinos should affect mainly those with energy smaller than
$E_\nu \sim 50 GeV$, or $E_\mu \le 10 GeV$ . We analyzed the MACRO upward
throughgoing muons data set, using the Multiple Coulomb Scattering to estimate
the energy $E_\mu$ of muons crossing the detector. We analyzed the event
distribution for six event subsamples with different values of $<\ell_\nu /
E_\nu>$. The event distribution is in agreement with the hypothesis of neutrino
oscillations with $\Delta m^2$ few times $10^{-3} eV^2$ and maximum mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5635 </DOCNO>
The sudden approximation in photoemission and beyond


  The conditions behind the sudden approximation are critically examined. The
fuzzy band expression is derived in detail from first principles. We go beyond
the sudden approximation to account for both extrinsic losses and interference
effects. In an extension of earlier work we discuss both core and valence
satellites including both intrinsic and extrinsic amplitudes, and high energy
excitations as well as low energy electron-hole pairs. We show how the
extrinsic losses in photoemission can be connected with the electron energy
loss function. This is achieved by three approximations, to connect the
dynamically screened potential in the bulk solid to the loss function, to
account for the surface, and lastly to extrapolate zero momentum loss data to
include dispersion. The extrinsic losses are found to be weak for small loss
energies. For larger loss energies the extrinsic losses can be strong and have
strong interference with the intrinsic losses depending on the nature of the
solid. The transition from the adiabatic to the sudden regime is discussed for
atoms and localized systems and compared with the situation for solids. We
argue that in solids for photoelectron energies above some 10 eV the external
losses are mainly connected with spacially extended excitations. We discuss
strongly correlated quasi-two-dimensional solids with Bi2212 as example, and
find an asymmetric broadening of the main peak from shake up of acoustic
three-dimensional plasmons. In the superconducting state the loss function is
assumed to have a gap, which then leads to a peak-dip-hump structure in the
photoemission spectrum. This structure is compared with a corresponding
structure in tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149246 </DOCNO>
On the Phase Transition of Conformal Field Theories with Holographic


  We study the thermodynamic relations of conformal field theories (CFTs),
which are holographically dual to anti-de Sitter-Schwarzschild bulk
space-times. A Cardy-Verlinde formula is derived thermodynamically for CFTs
living on S^n x R with S^n having an arbitrary radius. The Hawking-Page phase
transition of the CFT is described using Landau's theory of phase transitions,
and an alternative derivation of the Cardy-Verlinde formula is presented. The
condensate in the high temperature phase is identified as being composed of
radiational matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3439 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Phase Transition for a Heavy Particle in a Granular Fluid


  It is shown that the homogeneous cooling state (HCS) for a heavy impurity
particle in a granular fluid supports two distinct phases. The order parameter
$\phi$ is the mean square velocity of the impurity particle relative to that of
a fluid particle, and the control parameter $\xi$ is the fluid cooling rate
relative to the impurity collision rate. For $\xi<1$ there is a ``normal''
phase for which $\phi$ scales as the fluid/impurity mass ratio, just as for a
system with elastic collisions. For $\xi>1$ an ``ordered'' phase occurs in
which $\phi$ is finite even for vanishingly small mass ratio, representing an
extreme violation of energy equipartition. The phenomenon can be described in
terms of a Landau-like free energy for a second order phase transition. The
dynamics leading to the HCS is studied in detail using an asymptotic analysis
of the Enskog-Lorentz kinetic equation near each phase and the critical domain.
Critical slowing is observed with a divergent relaxation time at the critical
point. The stationary velocity distributions are determined in each case,
showing a crossover from Maxwellian in the normal phase to an exponential
quartic function of the velocity that is sharply peaked about the non-zero
$\phi$ for the ordered phase. It is shown that the diffusion coefficient in the
normal phase diverges at the critical point and remains so in the ordered
phase. This is interpreted as a transition from diffusive to ballistic dynamics
between the normal and ordered phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73407 </DOCNO>
Choosing integration points for QCD calculations by numerical


  I discuss how to sample the space of parton momenta in order to best perform
the numerical integrations that lead to a calculation of three jet cross
sections and similar observables in electron-positron annihilation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81284 </DOCNO>
Equation of state for pure SU(3) gauge theory on anisotropic lattices


  We present results for the equation of state for pure SU(3) gauge theory
obtained on anisotropic lattices with the anisotropy $\xi \equiv a_s/a_t = 2$.
The pressure and energy density are calculated on $N_t / \xi = 4, 5$ and 6
lattices with the integral method. They are found to satisfy the leading
$1/N_t^2$ scaling from our coarsest lattice $N_t/\xi=4$. This enables us to
carry out well controlled continuum extrapolations. We find that the pressure
and energy density agree with those obtained using the isotropic plaquette
action, but have smaller and more reliable errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5061 </DOCNO>
Impurity and strain effects on the magnetotransport of


  The influence of zinc doping and strain related effects on the normal state
transport properties(the resistivity, the Hall angle and the orbital magneto-
resistance(OMR) is studied in a series of La1.85Sr0.15Cu(1-y)Zn(y)O4 films with
values of y between 0 and 0.12 and various degrees of strain induced by the
mismatch between the films and the substrate. The zinc doping affects only the
constant term in the temperature dependence of cotangent theta but the strain
affects both the slope and the constant term, while their ratio remains
constant.OMR is decreased by zinc doping but is unaffected by strain. The ratio
delta rho/(rho*tan^2 theta) is T-independent but decreases with impurity
doping. These results put strong constraints on theories of the normal state of
high- temperature superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148512 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative o*(N) and usp*(2N) algebras and the corresponding gauge


  The extension of the noncommutative u*(N) Lie algebra to noncommutative
orthogonal and symplectic Lie algebras is studied. Using an anti-automorphism
of the star-matrix algebra, we show that the u*(N) can consistently be
restricted to o*(N) and usp*(N) algebras that have new mathematical structures.
We give explicit fundamental matrix representations of these algebras, through
which the formulation for the corresponding noncommutative gauge field theories
are obtained. In addition, we present a D-brane configuration with an
orientifold which realizes geometrically our algebraic construction, thus
embedding the new noncommutative gauge theories in superstring theory in the
presence of a constant background magnetic field. Some algebraic
generalizations that may have applications in other areas of physics are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98074 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative Gauge Groups and Local Mirror Symmetry


  We analyze D-brane states and their central charges on the resolution of
C^2/Z_n by using local mirror symmetry. There is a point in the moduli space
where all n(n-1)/2 branches of the principal component of the discriminant
locus coincide. We argue that this is the point where compactifications of Type
IIA theory on a K3 manifold containing such a local geometry acquire a
non-perturbative gauge symmetry of the type A_{n-1}. This analysis, which
involves an explicit solution of the GKZ system of the local geometry, explains
how the quantum geometry exhibits all positive roots of A_{n-1} and not just
the simple roots that manifest themselves as the exceptional curves of the
classical geometry. We also make some remarks related to McKay correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1671 </DOCNO>
Bose beams: coherent propagation through a guide


  We compute the stationary profiles of a coherent beam of Bose condensed atoms
propagating through a guide. Special emphasis is put on the effect of an
obstacle present on the trajectory of the beam. The obstacle considered (such
as a bend in the guide, or a laser field perpendicular to the beam) results in
a repulsive or an attractive potential acting on the condensate. Different
behaviors are observed when varying the beam velocity (with respect to the
speed of sound), the size of the obstacle (relative to the healing length) and
the intensity and sign of the potential. The existence of bound states of the
condensate is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99243 </DOCNO>
Hopf-type Cyclic Cohomology via Karoubi Operator


  In this paper we propose still another approach to the Hopf-type cyclic
homology of Hopf algebras, introduced by A. Connes and H. Moscovici. Our
construction is based on the notion of "universal differential calculus" on an
algebra. Few remarks, concerning the possible generalizations and applications
of this approach are made. (This is only a preliminary version of the paper.
Only outlines of some ideas are given.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4449 </DOCNO>
Possibility of Kauzmann points in the vortex matter phase diagram of


  We highlight interesting thermomagnetic history effects across the transition
line between the (quasi) ordered and disordered vortex states in single crystal
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$, and argue that these features are indicative of
the first order nature of the transition line. We suggest that the destruction
of the ordered vortex state in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ leading to vortex
liquid (at high temperatures and low fields) and amorphous vortex solid (at low
temperatures and high fields), takes place along a unified first-order
transition line. The nonmonotonic behavior of this first order transition line
gives rise to the possibility of more than one Kauzmann point where the
entropies of the ordered and disordered vortex states are equal. In the high
temperature region, one may order the vortex lattice by warming it, giving rise
to an inverse melting effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74215 </DOCNO>
Two-photon correlations as a sign of sharp transition in quark-gluon


  The photon production arising due to time variation of the medium has been
considered. The Hamilton formalism for photons in time-variable medium (plasma)
has been developed with application to inclusive photon production. The results
have been used for calculation of the photon production in the course of
transition from quark-gluon phase to hadronic phase in relativistic heavy ion
collisions. The relative strength of the effect as well as specific two- photon
correlations have been evaluated. It has been demonstrated that the opposite
side two-photon correlations are indicative of the sharp transition from the
quark-gluon phase to hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74470 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark distribution functions in heavy baryons


  Using the Bethe-Salpeter (B-S) equations for heavy baryons Lambda_Q, Sigma_Q,
Xi_Q and Omega_Q (Q=b or c), which were established in previous work, we
calculate the heavy quark distribution functions in these baryons. The
numerical results indicate that these distribution functions have an obvious
peak at some fraction, alpha_0, of the baryon's light-cone ``plus'' momentum
component carried by the heavy quark, and that as m_Q becomes heavier this peak
becomes sharper and closer to 1. The dependence of the distribution functions
on various input parameters in the B-S model is also discussed. The results are
seen to be qualitatively similar to an existing phenomenological model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150262 </DOCNO>
N=2 four-dimensional gauge theories from fractional branes


  This is a pedagogical and extended version of the results published in Refs.
[1,2] and presented by the authors in various talks during the last year. We
discuss the type II D-branes (both regular and fractional) of the orbifold
R^{1,5}*R^4/Z_2, we determine their corresponding supergravity solution and
show how this can be used to study the properties of N=2 super Yang-Mills.
Supergravity is able to reproduce the perturbative moduli space of the gauge
theory, while it does not encode the non-perturbative corrections. The short
distance region of space-time, which corresponds to the infrared region of the
gauge theory, is excised by an enhancon mechanism, and more states should be
included in the low energy effective action in order to enter inside the
enhancon and recover the instanton corrections. (To be published on a Memorial
Volume commemorating Michael Marinov)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96076 </DOCNO>
Hyperelliptic jacobians and $\U_3(2^m)$


  In his previous paper (Math. Res. Letters 7(2000), 123--132) the author
proved that in characteristic zero the jacobian $J(C)$ of a hyperelliptic curve
$C: y^2=f(x)$ has only trivial endomorphisms over an algebraic closure $K_a$ of
the ground field $K$ if the Galois group $Gal(f)$ of the irreducible polynomial
$f(x) \in K[x]$ is either the symmetric group $S_n$ or the alternating group
$A_n$. Here $n>4$ is the degree of $f$. In math.AG/0003002 we extended this
result to the case of certain ``smaller'' Galois groups. In particular, we
treated the infinite series $n=2^r+1, Gal(f)=L_2(2^r)$ and $n=2^{4r+2}+1,
Gal(f)=Sz(2^{2r+1})$. In this paper we do the case of $Gal(f)=\U_3(2^m)$ and
$n=2^{3m}+1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123385 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Extinction and Accretion Variability in T Tau S


  We present angularly resolved spectra of T Tau North and South in the 3
micron water ice feature and K-band. Most of the water ice absorption lies
along the line of sight toward T Tau South, confirming that it is viewed
through stronger extinction. A decrease in ice-band absorption toward T Tau S
between December 1998 and January 2000, significant at the 2 sigma level, was
associated with an increase in its near infrared flux. Br gamma emission is
detected in T Tau North and South and H_{2} (2.12 micron) emission only toward
T Tau South, consistent with previous studies of infrared companions to T Tauri
stars. Our results suggest that the near IR variability of T Tau S is probably
caused by both variations in accretion rate and variable extinction along the
line of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83597 </DOCNO>
Faster-than-light effects and negative group delays in optics and


  Recent manifestations of apparently faster-than-light effects confirmed our
predictions that the group velocity in transparent optical media can exceed c.
Special relativity is not violated by these phenomena. Moreover, in the
electronic domain, the causality principle does not forbid negative group
delays of analytic signals in electronic circuits, in which the peak of an
output pulse leaves the exit port of a circuit before the peak of the input
pulse enters the input port. Furthermore, pulse distortion for these
superluminal analytic signals can be negligible in both the optical and
electronic domains. Here we suggest an extension of these ideas to the
microelectronic domain. The underlying principle is that negative feedback can
be used to produce negative group delays. Such negative group delays can be
used to cancel out the positive group delays due to transistor latency (e.g.,
the finite RC rise time of MOSFETS caused by their intrinsic gate capacitance),
as well as the propagation delays due to the interconnects between transistors.
Using this principle, it is possible to speed up computer systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124446 </DOCNO>
Observations with the HEGRA stereoscopic system


  The HEGRA system of imaging air Cherenkov telescopes has successfully
pioneered the stereoscopic observation technique of extensive air showers. The
observational method is briefly described and important results of recent
observations of sources of photons with TeV($=10^{12}$ eV)-energies are
summarized: The first detection of a TeV $\gamma$-ray signal from the
shell-type supernova remnant Cassiopeia A and preliminary results obtained from
the observation of strong variability of the extragalactic source Mkn 421
during observations carried out from February to May 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 144 </DOCNO>
Low-Lying Magnetic Excitation of the Shastry-Sutherland Model


  By using perturbation calculation and numerical diagonalization, low-energy
spin dynamics of the Shastry-Sutherland model is investigated paying particular
attention to the two-particle coherent motion. In addition to spin-singlet- and
triplet bound states, we find novel branches of coherent motion of a bound
quintet pair, which are usually unstable because of repulsion. Unusual
dispersion observed in neutron-scattering measurements are explained by the
present theory. The importance of the effects of phonon is also pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127449 </DOCNO>
ISO Observations of the dusty quasar BR1202-0725


  We present mid- and far-IR photometry of the high-redshift (z=4.69) dusty
quasar BR1202-0725. The quasar was detected in the near-IR, at a flux level
(0.7+/-0.2 mJy) consistent with an average Radio-Quiet Quasar at it's redshift.
Only upper limits for the emission were obtained in the far-IR. These upper
limits, when combined with data from ground-based telescopes, are the first
direct evidence for a turn-over in the far-IR emission and hence confirm that a
black-body dominates the SED at FIR wavelengths. This black-body is most
probably cool dust, constrained to have a temperature below 80K, for a beta of
1.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97583 </DOCNO>
Examples of Type IV unprojection


  I show that the weighted projective line PP(2,3) has an embedding PP(2,3)
into PP(4,5,6,9) whose image Gamma is contained in a quasismooth K3
hypersurface X_24 in PP(4,5,6,9). The pair (Gamma in X_24) unprojects to the
codimension 4 K3 surface Y in PP(4,5,5,6,7,8,9) with
 Basket = [1/2(1,1), 1/5(1,4), 1/5(2,3), 1/9(4,5)],
 Hilbert Numerator = 1 - t^12 - t^13 - 2t^14 - 2t^15 - 2t^16 - t^17
  + t^19 + 2t^20 + 3t^21 + 4t^2 + 3t^23 + ..
 (this example is called Altinok4(111) in the Magma K3 database). The local
coordinates at the third centre P_3 = 1/5(2,3) of Y are of weight 7 and 8
(rather than 2 and 3), so both are eliminated by the projection from P_3.
Together with other examples, this gives substance to Type IV unprojections.
Several more cases of Type IV unprojections are known up to codimension 5 or 6.
The paper also contains some Magma programming routines suitable as exercises
for babies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95651 </DOCNO>
Hurwitz Equivalence in Braid Group B_3


  In this paper we prove certain Hurwitz equivalence properties of $B_n$. In
particular we prove that for $n=3$ every two Artin's factorizations of $\Delta
_3 ^2$ of the form $H_{i_1} ... H_{i_6}, \quad F_{j_1} ... F_{j_6}$ (with $i_k,
j_k \in \{1,2 \}$) where $\{H_1, H_2 \}, \{F_1, F_2 \}$ are frames, are Hurwitz
equivalent. The proof provided here is geometric, based on a newly defined
frame type. The results will be applied to the classification of algebraic
surfaces up to deformation. It is already known that there exist surfaces that
are diffeomorphic to each other but are not deformations of each other (Manetti
example). We are constructing a new invariant based on Hurwitz equivalence
class of factorization, to distinguish among diffeomorphic surfaces which are
not deformation of each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149258 </DOCNO>
Non-BPS Branes of Supersymmetric Brane Worlds


  We consider five-dimensional brane worlds with N=2 gauged supergravity in the
bulk coupled supersymmetrically to two boundary branes at the fixed points of a
Z_2 symmetry. We analyse two mechanisms that break supersymmetry either by
choosing flipped fermionic boundary conditions on the boundary branes or by
modifying the gravitino variation to include both Z_2-odd and Z_2-even
operators. In all cases we find the corresponding background. Including an even
part in the gravitino variation leads to tilted branes. Choosing the flipped
boundary conditions leads to AdS_4 branes and stabilized radion in the detuned
case, when the expectation value of the even variation is nonzero. Another
solution has the interpretation of moving AdS_4 branes separated by a horizon.
The solution with moving branes separated by a horizon can be extended to the
tuned case. In the presence of a horizon, temperature mediation communicates
supersymmetry breakdown to the branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1586 </DOCNO>
Pseudogap Phenomena and Superconducting Fluctuations in Hubbard Model


  The pseudogap phenomena in High-$T_{{\rm c}}$ cuprates are investigated on
the basis of the Hubbard model which includes only the on-site repulsive
interaction $U$. We consider the pairing scenario for the pseudogap. The
pseudogap arises from the resonance scattering due to the strong
superconducting fluctuations.
 First, the electronic state and the anti-ferromagnetic spin fluctuations are
calculated by using the FLEX approximation. The T-matrix (the propagator of the
superconducting fluctuations) is calculated by extending the $\acute{{\rm
E}}$liashberg equation. The self-energy due to the superconducting fluctuations
is calculated by the T-matrix approximation. The pseudogap is shown in the
single particle properties and the magnetic properties by the microscopic
calculation. A comprehensive explanation of the doping dependence of the
pseudogap is obtained. Furthermore, we apply the theory to the electron-doped
cuprates and obtain the consistent results with the recent experiments.
Finally, the self-consistent calculation for the spin fluctuations,
superconducting fluctuations and the single particle properties are carried out
within the FLEX and the self-consistent T-matrix approximations. The calculated
superconducting critical temperature $T_{{\rm c}}$ is remarkably reduced from
the results of the mean field (FLEX) calculation. It is shown that the critical
temperature decreases with decreasing doping in the under-doped region with
large $U$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87014 </DOCNO>
Anthropic Reasons for Non-Zero Flatness and Lambda


  In some cosmological theories with varying constants there are anthropic
reasons why the expansion of the universe must not be too {\it close} to
flatness or the cosmological constant too close to zero. Using exact theories
which incorporate time-variations in $\alpha $ and in $G$ we show how the
presence of negative spatial curvature and a positive cosmological constant
play an essential role in bringing to an end variations in the scalar fields
driving time change in these 'constants' during any dust-dominated era of a
universe's expansion. In spatially flat universes with $\Lambda =0$ the fine
structure constant grows to a value which makes the existence of atoms
impossible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125895 </DOCNO>
The Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey - The Catalog


  We present an optically-selected catalog of 1073 galaxy cluster and group
candidates at 0.3<z<1. These candidates are drawn from the Las Campanas Distant
Clusters Survey (LCDCS), a drift-scan imaging survey of a 130 square degree
strip of the southern sky. To construct this catalog we utilize a novel
detection process in which clusters are detected as positive surface brightness
fluctuations in the background sky. This approach permits us to find clusters
with significantly shallower data than other matched-filter methods that are
based upon number counts of resolved galaxies. Selection criteria for the
survey are fully automated so that this sample constitutes a well-defined,
homogeneous sample that can be used to address issues of cluster evolution and
cosmology. Estimated redshifts are derived for the entire sample, and an
observed correlation between surface brightness and velocity dispersion (sigma)
is used to estimate the limiting velocity dispersion of the survey as a
function of redshift. We find a net surface density of 15.5 candidates per
square degree at z_{est}>0.3, with a false-detection rate of 30%. At z=0.3 we
probe down to the level of poor groups while by z=0.8 we detect only the most
massive systems (sigma>1000 km/s). We also present a supplemental catalog of
112 candidates that fail one or more of the automated selection criteria, but
appear from visual inspection to be bona fide clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113491 </DOCNO>
A walk in the parameter space of L-H transitions without stepping on or


  A mathematically and physically sound three-degree-of-freedom dynamical model
that emulates low- to high-confinement mode (L--H) transitions is elicited from
a singularity theory critique of earlier fragile models. We construct a smooth
map of the parameter space that is consistent both with the requirements of
singularity theory and with the physics of the process. The model is found to
contain two codimension 2 organizing centers and two Hopf bifurcations, which
underlie dynamical behavior that has been observed around L-H transitions but
not mirrored in previous models. The smooth traversal of parameter space
provided by this analysis gives qualitative guidelines for controlling access
to H-mode and oscillatory regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96184 </DOCNO>
Orbifold Gromov-Witten Theory


  In this article, we introduce the notion of good map and use it to establish
Gromov-Witten theory for orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179639 </DOCNO>
Discerning the neutron density distribution of 208Pb from nucleon


  We seek a measure of the neutron density of 208Pb from analyses of
intermediate energy nucleon elastic scattering. The pertinent model for such
analyses is based on coordinate space nonlocal optical potentials obtained from
model nuclear ground state densities. Those potentials give predictions of
integral observables and of angular distributions which show sensitivity to the
neutron density. When compared with experiment, and correlated with analyses of
electron scattering data, the results suggest that 208Pb has a neutron skin
thickness ~0.17 fm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86920 </DOCNO>
Sufficient condition for Blackhole formation in spherical gravitational


  A sufficient condition for the validity of Cosmic Censorship in spherical
gravitational collapse is formulated and proved. The condition relies on an
attractive mathematical property of the apparent horizon, which holds if
''minimal'' requirements of physical reasonableness are satisfied by the matter
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6882 </DOCNO>
Quasilinear diffusion for the chaotic motion of a particle in a set of


  The rigorous analytical calculation of the diffusion coefficient is performed
for the chaotic motion of a particle in a set of longitudinal waves with random
phases and large amplitudes (~ A). A first step proves the existence of a
quasilinear diffusion on a time scale ~ A^{-2/3} \ln A. A second step uses this
property to extend the result to asymptotic times by introducing the
conditional probability distribution of position and velocity of an orbit at a
given time when they are known at a previous time. The only property of chaos
to be used is the non-confinement of a chaotic orbit in velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5940 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Spin Excitation Spectrum of the Heisenberg Model in a Magnetic


  Making the assumption that high energy fermions exist in the two dimensional
spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet we present predictions based on the pi-flux
ansatz for the dynamic structure factor when the antiferromagnet is subject to
a uniform magnetic field. The main result is the presence of gapped excitations
in a momentum region near (pi,pi) with energy lower than that at (pi,pi). This
is qualitatively different from spin wave theory predictions and may be tested
by experiments or by quantum Monte Carlo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148960 </DOCNO>
Some comments on Anti-de Sitter D-branes


  We present some preliminary investigations about the AdS2*S2 D3-branes in
AdS3*S3. We analyse the quadratic fluctuations of Dirac-Born-Infeld action
around a given semi-classical D-brane configuration and compare them with
results obtained by using conformal field theory techniques. We finally study
classical motions of open strings attached to those D-branes and analyse the
role of the spectral flow in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41141 </DOCNO>
QCD Confinement and the Hall D Project at Jefferson Lab


  An understanding of the confinement mechanism in QCD requires a detailed
mapping of the spectrum of hybrid mesons. Understanding confinement means
understanding the role of gluons and it is in hybrid mesons that the gluonic
degrees of freedom are manifest. High statistics searches for such states with
pion and p beams have resulted in some tantalizing signals. There is good
reason to expect beams of photons to yield hybrid mesons with J^{PC} quantum
numbers not possible within the conventional picture of mesons as qqbar bound
states. Meager data currently exist on the photoproduction of light quark
mesons. At Jefferson Lab in Newport News, VA plans are underway to upgrade the
energy of the electron accelerator to 12 GeV. Along with this energy upgrade, a
hermetic detector housed in new experimental hall (Hall D) will be used to
collect data on photoproduced mesons with unprecedented statistics. With 12 GeV
electrons, a 9 GeV linearly polarized photon beam will be produced using the
coherent bremsstrahlung technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73820 </DOCNO>
On a QCD-based pion distribution amplitude vs. recent experimental data


  Using QCD sum rules with nonlocal condensates the twist-2 pion distribution
amplitude is determined by means of its moments and their confidence intervals,
including also radiative corrections. An admissible set of pion distribution
amplitudes is constructed in the a_2, a_4 plane of the Gegenbauer polynomial
expansion coefficients. The determined a_2, a_4 region strongly overlaps with
that extracted from the CLEO data by Schmedding and Yakovlev. Comparisons are
given with results from Fermilab experiment E791 and recent lattice
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128160 </DOCNO>
Microlens Mass Measurement using Triple-Peak Events


  We show that one can measure the effects of microlens parallax for binary
microlensing events with three well-measured peaks -- two caustic crossings
plus a cusp approach, and hence derive the projected Einstein radius. Since the
angular Einstein radius is measurable from finite source effects for almost any
well-observed caustic crossing, triple-peak events can yield the determination
of the lens mass. We note that, to a certain extent, rotation of the binary can
mimic the effects of parallax, but it should often be possible to disentangle
parallax from rotation by making use of the late-time light curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73472 </DOCNO>
Thermalization in Yang-Mills Classical Mechanics


  We use quartic oscillators system with two degrees of freedom to model
Yang-Mills classical mechanics. This simple model explains qualitatively many
features reported in lattice calculation of $(3+1)$ - dimensional classical
Yang-Mills system. The largest Lyapunov exponent ($\lambda$) and the
thermalization time were numerically evaluated. We also show, in our model,
that $\lambda$ scales with 4th root of energy density. Here thermalization is
due to relaxation phenomena associated with the color degrees of freedom. From
the physical picture of thermalization, we speculate that the system with
coherent fields (flux tubes) formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions can
relax by chaos and the estimated thermalization time can be smaller than $1 
fm/c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124383 </DOCNO>
RE J2248-511 - Not all variable, ultrasoft, X-ray AGN have narrow Balmer


  We present ASCA data on RE J2248-511, extending existing optical and soft
X-ray coverage to 10 keV, and monitoring the soft component. These data show
that, despite a very strong ultrasoft X-ray excess below 0.3 keV and a soft
0.3--2 keV spectral index in earlier ROSAT data, the hard X-ray spectrum
(alpha~ -0.8; 0.6-10 keV) is typical of type 1 AGN, and the soft component has
since disappeared. Optical data taken at two different epochs show that the big
blue bump is also highly variable. The strength of the ultrasoft X-ray
component and the extreme variability in RE J2248-511 are reminiscent of the
behaviour observed in many narrow line Seyfert 1s (NLS1s). However, the high
energy end of the ROSAT spectrum, the ASCA spectrum and the Balmer line full
widths at half maximum of ~3000 km/s in RE J2248-511, are typical of normal
Seyfert 1 AGN.
  The change in the soft X-ray spectrum as observed in the ROSAT and ASCA data
is consistent with the behaviour of Galactic Black Hole Candidates (GBHCs) as
they move from a high to a low state, ie. a fall in the ultrasoft component and
a hardening of the X-ray continuum. This GBHC analogy has also been proposed
for NLS1s. Alternatively, the variability may be caused by opacity changes in a
hot, optically-thin corona which surrounds a cold, dense accretion disc; this
was first suggested by Guainazzi et al. for 1H0419-577, an object which shows
remarkably similar properties to RE J2248-511.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7554 </DOCNO>
Charged two-dimensional magnetoexciton and two-mode squeezed vacuum


  A novel unitary transformation of the Hamiltonian that allows one to
partially separate the center-of-mass motion for charged electron-hole systems
in a magnetic field is presented. The two-mode squeezed oscillator states that
appear at the intermediate stage of the transformation are used for
constructing a trial wave function of a two-dimensional (2D) charged
magnetoexciton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126520 </DOCNO>
Structure of Magnetocentrifugal Disk-Winds: From the Launching Surface


  Protostellar jets and winds are probably driven magnetocentrifugally from the
surface of accretion disks close to the central stellar objects. The exact
launching conditions on the disk, such as the distributions of magnetic flux
and mass ejection rate, are poorly unknown. They could be constrained from
observations at large distances, provided that a robust model is available to
link the observable properties of the jets and winds at the large distances to
the conditions at the base of the flow. We discuss the difficulties in
constructing such large-scale wind models, and describe a novel technique which
enables us to numerically follow the acceleration and propagation of the wind
from the disk surface to arbitrarily large distances and the collimation of
part of the wind into a dense, narrow ``jet'' around the rotation axis. Special
attention is paid to the shape of the jet and its mass flux relative to that of
the whole wind. The mass flux ratio is a measure of the jet formation
efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96364 </DOCNO>
Sparsity vs. Statistical Independence in Adaptive Signal


  Finding a basis/coordinate system that can efficiently represent an input
data stream by viewing them as realizations of a stochastic process is of
tremendous importance in many fields including data compression and
computational neuroscience. Two popular measures of such efficiency of a basis
are sparsity (measured by the expected $\ell^p$ norm, $0 < p \leq 1$) and
statistical independence (measured by the mutual information). Gaining deeper
understanding of their intricate relationship, however, remains elusive.
Therefore, we chose to study a simple synthetic stochastic process called the
spike process, which puts a unit impulse at a random location in an
$n$-dimensional vector for each realization. For this process, we obtained the
following results: 1) The standard basis is the best both in terms of sparsity
and statistical independence if $n \geq 5$ and the search of basis is
restricted within all possible orthonormal bases in $R^n$; 2) If we extend our
basis search in all possible invertible linear transformations in $R^n$, then
the best basis in statistical independence differs from the one in sparsity; 3)
In either of the above, the best basis in statistical independence is not
unique, and there even exist those which make the inputs completely dense; 4)
There is no linear invertible transformation that achieves the true statistical
independence for $n > 2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150150 </DOCNO>
Holographic Renormalization Group Structure in Higher-Derivative Gravity


  Classical higher-derivative gravity is investigated in the context of the
holographic renormalization group (RG). We parametrize the Euclidean time such
that one step of time evolution in (d+1)-dimensional bulk gravity can be
directly interpreted as that of block spin transformation of the d-dimensional
boundary field theory. This parametrization simplifies the analysis of the
holographic RG structure in gravity systems, and conformal fixed points are
always described by AdS geometry. We find that higher-derivative gravity
generically induces extra degrees of freedom which acquire huge mass around
stable fixed points and thus are coupled to highly irrelevant operators at the
boundary. In the particular case of pure R^2-gravity, we show that some region
of the coefficients of curvature-squared terms allows us to have two fixed
points (one is multicritical) which are connected by a kink solution. We
further extend our analysis to Minkowski time to investigate a model of
expanding universe described by the action with curvature-squared terms and
positive cosmological constant, and show that, in any dimensionality but four,
one can have a classical solution which describes time evolution from a de
Sitter geometry to another de Sitter geometry, along which the Hubble parameter
changes drastically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127108 </DOCNO>
Far infrared mapping of three Galactic star forming regions : W3(OH), S


  Three Galactic star forming regions associated with W3(OH), S209 and S187
have been simultaneously mapped in two trans-IRAS far infrared (FIR) bands
centered at ~ 140 and 200 micron using the TIFR 100 cm balloon borne FIR
telescope. These maps show extended FIR emission with structures. The HIRES
processed IRAS maps of these regions at 12, 25, 60 & 100 micron have also been
presented for comparison. Point-like sources have been extracted from the
longest waveband TIFR maps and searched for associations in the other five
bands. The diffuse emission from these regions have been quantified, which
turns out to be a significant fraction of the total emission. The spatial
distribution of cold dust (T < 30 K) for two of these sources (W3(OH) & S209),
has been determined reliably from the maps in TIFR bands. The dust temperature
and optical depth maps show complex morphology. In general the dust around S209
has been found to be warmer than that in W3(OH) region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2380 </DOCNO>
Scaling in Plasticity-Induced Microstructure: Cell Boundary


  We study the scaling form for the cell boundary misorientation angle
distribution of Hughes and co-workers. By formulating the problem in terms of
random walks in rotation space, we are able to incorporate the new cell
boundaries formed during cell refinement with increasing deformation
$\epsilon$. The simplest form for the corresponding diffusion equation yields a
good fit to the experimental scaling curve for the incidental boundaries,
including the $\epsilon^{1/2}$ scaling of the average angle and the linear
slope at small angles. We consider effects of crystalline anisotropy and strain
gradients, and show that they also allow scaling collapses but change the form
of the scaling function -- yielding scaling but not universality. Existing
theories formulated in terms of uncorrelated random dislocation motion exhibit
the experimental scaling of average angle only if cell refinement is ignored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76180 </DOCNO>
Polarized parton distributions from charged-current deep-inelastic


  The capabilities of a neutrino factory in the determination of polarized
parton distributions from charged-current deep-inelastic scattering experiments
is discussed. We present a study of the accuracy in the determination of
polarized parton distributions that would be possible with such a facility. We
show that these measurements have the potential to distinguish between
different theoretical scenarios for the proton spin structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6645 </DOCNO>
Two-subband system in quantizing magnetic field: Probing many-body gap


  We study the many-body effects in a two-subband quasi-two-dimensional
electron system in a quantizing magnetic field at filling factor three. A
manifestation of these effects in the phonon absorption spectroscopy is
discussed. The electron system is mapped onto a two-level system with the
separation between levels determined by the intersubband splitting and the
cyclotron energy. The electron-electron interaction enhances the excitation
gap, which exists at all values of the interlevel splitting. This results in a
single-peak structure of the phonon absorption rate as a function of magnetic
field, instead of the double-peak structure for non-interacting electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3012 </DOCNO>
Equivalence of Kinetic Theories of Bose-Einstein Condensation


  We discuss the equivalence of two non-equilibrium kinetic theories that
describe the evolution of a dilute, Bose-Einstein condensed atomic gas in a
harmonic trap. The second-order kinetic equations of Walser et al. [PRA 63,
013607 (2001)] reduce to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and the quantum
Boltzmann equation in the low and high temperature limits, respectively. These
kinetic equations can thus describe the system in equilibrium (finite
temperature) as well as in non-equilibrium (real time). We have found this
theory to be equivalent to the non-equilibrium Green's function approach
originally proposed by Kadanoff and Baym and more recently applied to
inhomogeneous trapped systems by M. Imamovi\'c-Tomasovi\'c and A. Griffin
[arXiv:cond-mat/9911402].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86499 </DOCNO>
Black hole dynamics from thermodynamics in Anti-de Sitter space


  We work on the relation between the local thermodynamic instability and the
dynamical instability of large black holes in four-dimensional anti-de Sitter
space proposed by Gubser and Mitra. We find that all perturbations suppressing
the metric fluctuations at linear order become dynamically unstable when black
holes lose the local thermodynamic stability. We discuss how dynamical
instabilities can be explained by the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113810 </DOCNO>
Fresnel filtering in lasing emission from scarred modes of wave-chaotic


  We study lasing emission from asymmetric resonant cavity (ARC) GaN
micro-lasers. By comparing far-field intensity patterns with images of the
micro-laser we find that the lasing modes are concentrated on three-bounce
unstable periodic ray orbits, i.e. the modes are scarred. The high-intensity
emission directions of these scarred modes are completely different from those
predicted by applying Snell's law to the ray orbit. This effect is due to the
process of ``Fresnel filtering'' which occurs when a beam of finite angular
spread is incident at the critical angle for total internal reflection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97250 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Dynamics of High-Brightness Beams


  The consideration of transverse dynamics of relativistic space-charge
dominated beams and halo growth due to bunch oscillations is based on
variational approach to rational (in dynamical variables) approximation for rms
envelope equations. It allows to control contribution from each scale of
underlying multiscales and represent solutions via exact nonlinear eigenmodes
expansions. Our approach is based on methods provided possibility to work with
well-localized bases in phase space and good convergence properties of the
corresponding expansions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99131 </DOCNO>
Geometry for palindromic automorphism groups of free groups


  We examine the palindromic automorphism group $\Pi A(F_n)$ of a free group
$F_n$, a group first defined by Collins which is related to hyperelliptic
involutions of mapping class groups, congruence subgroups of $SL_n(\Z)$, and
symmetric automorphism groups of free groups. Cohomological properties of the
group are explored by looking at a contractible space on which $\Pi A(F_n)$
acts properly with finite quotient. Our results answer some conjectures of
Collins and provide a few striking results about the cohomology of $\Pi
A(F_n)$, such as that its rational cohomology is zero at the vcd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150245 </DOCNO>
Non-supersymmetric Orientifolds with D-branes at Angles


  We present special classes of orientifold models involving supersymmetry
breaking via branes at angles. Type II superstring theories are compactified on
a two torus times a four-dimensional orbifold. Combining worldsheet parity with
a reflection of half of the compact coordinates leads to D6-branes at angles
which are mapped onto each other by the orbifold group, while applying the
geometric action only along one coordinate leads to intersecting D8-branes with
non-trivial transformation properties under the orbifold group. The models
differ in the gauge groups and matter content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150296 </DOCNO>
Axisymmetric non-abelian BPS monopoles from G_2 metrics


  Exact $SU(2)\times U(1)$ self-gravitating BPS global monopoles in four
dimensions are constructed by dimensional reduction of eight dimensional
metrics with $G_2$ holonomy asymptotic to cones over $S^3\times S^3$. The
solutions carry two topological charges in an interesting way. They are
generically axially but not spherically symmetric. This last fact is related to
the isometries and asymptotic topology of the $G_2$ metrics. It is further
shown that some $G_2$ metrics known numerically reduce to supersymmetric cosmic
strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169416 </DOCNO>
Purification and correlated measurements of bipartite mixed states


  We prove that all purifications of a non-factorable state (i.e., the state
which cannot be expressed in a form $\rho_{AB}=\rho_A\otimes\rho_B$) are
entangled. We also show that for any bipartite state there exists a pair of
measurements which are correlated on this state if and only if the state is
non-factorable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1653 </DOCNO>
Liquid-gas phase behaviour of an argon-like fluid modelled by the


  We study a model for an argon-like fluid parameterised in terms of a
hard-core repulsion and a two-Yukawa potential. The liquid-gas phase behaviour
of the model is obtained from the thermodynamically self-consistent
Ornstein-Zernike approximation (SCOZA) of Hoye and Stell, the solution of which
lends itself particularly well to a pair potential of this form. The
predictions for the critical point and the coexistence curve are compared to
new high resolution simulation data and to other liquid-state theories,
including the hierarchical reference theory (HRT) of Parola and Reatto. Both
SCOZA and HRT deliver results that are considerably more accurate than standard
integral-equation approaches. Among the versions of SCOZA considered, the one
yielding the best agreement with simulation successfully predicts the critical
point parameters to within 1%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168122 </DOCNO>
Phase-Conjugated Inputs Quantum Cloning Machines


  A quantum cloning machine is introduced that yields $M$ identical optimal
clones from $N$ replicas of a coherent state and $N'$ replicas of its phase
conjugate. It also optimally produces $M'=M+N'-N$ phase-conjugated clones at no
cost. For well chosen input asymmetries $N'/(N+N')$, this machine is shown to
provide better cloning fidelities than the standard $(N+N') \to M$ cloner. The
special cases of the optimal balanced cloner ($N=N'$) and the optimal
measurement ($M=\infty$) are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125403 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Observations of XTE J1550-564 During the Decay of the 2000


  We report on the evolution of the X-ray energy spectrum for the black hole
candidate (BHC) X-ray transient XTE J1550-564 during the decay of the 2000
outburst. The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and Chandra observations span
nearly five orders of magnitude in luminosity. The RXTE spectra are dominated
by a power-law component and a comparatively weak soft component was also
detected for the first two observations. The source made a transition to the
canonical hard state near a luminosity of 9E36 erg/s over several observations
as evidenced by a drop in the flux of the soft component in the RXTE energy
band and a hardening of the power-law component to a photon index near 1.6. The
power-law did not exhibit this behavior for the previous XTE J1550-564
outburst. For some observations, we detect a high energy cutoff and find that
the cutoff is more significant and at lower energy during the transition than
in the hard state. The cutoff in the hard state is at higher energy than has
been seen for most previous accreting BHCs. The Chandra spectrum provides
evidence for spectral evolution after the hard state transition. It is well,
but not uniquely, described by a power-law with a photon index of
2.30^{+0.41}_{-0.48} (90% confidence) and interstellar absorption.
Advection-dominated accretion flow models predict gradual spectral softening as
the luminosity drops, but our observations do not allow us to determine if the
spectral evolution is gradual or sudden. The lowest luminosity we measure for
XTE J1550-564 with Chandra is 5E32 erg/s (0.5-7 keV, for a distance of 4 kpc).
Although this is probably not the true quiescent luminosity, it represents a
useful upper limit on this quantity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124591 </DOCNO>
FIR and Radio emission in star forming galaxies


  We examine the tight correlation observed between the far infrared (FIR) and
radio emission in normal and star burst galaxies. We show that significant
deviations from the average relation are to be expected in young star burst or
post star burst galaxies, due to the different fading times of FIR and Radio
power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128366 </DOCNO>
New X-ray Clusters in the EMSS II: Optical Properties


  We present optical images for 9 new clusters of galaxies we have found in a
reanalysis of the Einstein IPC images comprising the Extended Medium
Sensitivity Survey (EMSS). Based on the presence of a red sequence of galaxies
in a color-magnitude (CM) diagram, a redshift is estimated for each cluster.
Galaxy overdensities (cluster richnesses) are measured in each field using the
B_gc statistic which allows their plausible identification with the X-ray
emission. The nature of our X-ray detection algorithm suggests that most of
these clusters have low X-ray surface brightness (LSB) compared to the
previously known EMSS clusters. We compare the optical and X-ray observations
of these clusters with the well-studied Canadian Network for Observational
Cosmology (CNOC) subsample of the EMSS, and conclude that the new clusters
exhibit a similar range of optical richnesses, X-ray luminosities, and,
somewhat surprisingly, galaxy populations as the predominantly rich, relaxed
EMSS/CNOC clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98267 </DOCNO>
Rectification of circles and quaternions


  Consider a bundle of circles passing through 0 in 4-dimensional space. It is
said to be rectifiable if there is a germ of diffeomorphism at 0 that takes all
circles from our bundle to straight lines. We will give a classification of all
rectifiable bundles of circles containing sufficiently many circles in general
position. This result is surprisingly different from those in dimensions 2 and
3(Khovanskii and Izadi) due to a connection with the quaternionic algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174686 </DOCNO>
Search for the Jacobi Instability in Rapidly Rotating 46Ti* Nuclei


  The possible existence of Jacobi shape transition in hot 46Ti at high angular
momenta was investigated with the Giant Dipole Resonance exclusive experiments.
The GDR spectra and the angular distributions are consistent with predictions
of the thermal shape fluctuation model indicating elongated nuclear shapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127244 </DOCNO>
Diamagnetic Screening of the Magnetic Field in Accreting Neutron Stars


  A possible mechanism for screening of the surface magnetic field of an
accreting neutron star, by the accreted material, is investigated. We model the
material flow in the surface layers of the star by an assumed 2-D velocity
field satisfying all the physical requirements. Using this model velocity we
find that, in the absence of magnetic buoyancy, the surface field is screened
(submergence of the field by advection) within the time scale of material flow
of the top layers. On the other hand, if magnetic buoyancy is present, the
screening happens over a time scale which is characteristic of the slower flow
of the deeper (hence, denser) layers. For accreting neutron stars, this longer
time scale turns out to be about $10^5$ years, which is of the similar order as
the accretion time scale of most massive X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83695 </DOCNO>
Object-oriented tools for advanced applications


  This paper contains a brief discussion of the Application Development
Environment (ADE) that is used to build database applications involving the
graphical user interface (GUI). ADE computing separates the database access and
the user interface. The variety of applications may be generated that
communicate with different and distinct desktop databases. The advanced
techniques allows to involve remote or stored procedures retrieval and call.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41272 </DOCNO>
Almost Maximal Lepton Mixing with Large T Violation in Neutrino


  We point out two simple but instructive possibilities to construct the
charged lepton and neutrino mass matrices, from which the nearly bi-maximal
neutrino mixing with large T violation can naturally emerge. The two lepton
mixing scenarios are compatible very well with current experimental data on
solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and one of them may lead to an
observable T-violating asymmetry between \nu_\mu --> \nu_e and \nu_e -->
\nu_\mu transitions in the long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.
Their implications on the neutrinoless double beta decay are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149953 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Field Theories and (Super)String Field Theories


  In this lecture notes we explain and discuss some ideas concerning
noncommutative geometry in general, as well as noncommutative field theories
and string field theories. We consider noncommutative quantum field theories
emphasizing an issue of their renormalizability and the UV/IR mixing. Sen's
conjectures on open string tachyon condensation and their application to the
D-brane physics have led to wide investigations of the covariant string field
theory proposed by Witten about 15 years ago. We review main ingredients of
cubic (super)string field theories using various formulations: functional,
operator, conformal and the half string formalisms. The main technical tools
that are used to study conjectured D-brane decay into closed string vacuum
through the tachyon condensation are presented. We describe also methods which
are used to study the cubic open string field theory around the tachyon vacuum:
construction of the sliver state, ``comma'' and matrix representations of
vertices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124089 </DOCNO>
Deep VLT spectroscopy of high redshift radio galaxy MRC 2104-242:


  In this contribution we will present deep VLT spectroscopy observations of
the giant emission line halo around the z=2.49 radio galaxy MRC 2104-242. The
morphology of the halo is dominated by two spatially resolved regions. Lya is
extended by >12" along the radio axis, C IV and He II are extended by ~8". The
overall spectrum is typical for that of high redshift radio galaxies.
Interestingly, N V is present in the spectrum of the region associated with the
center of the galaxy hosting the radio source, the northern region, while
absent in the southern region. Using a simple photoionization model, the
difference in N V can be explained due to a metallicity gradient within the
halo. This is consistent with a scenario in which the halo is formed by a
massive cooling flow or originates from the debris of the merging of two or
more galaxies. However, also other mechanisms such as jet-cloud interactions or
starburst-winds could be important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97042 </DOCNO>
A global theory of flexes of periodic functions


  For a real valued periodic smooth function u on R, $n\ge 0$, one defines the
osculating polynomial $\phi_s$ (of order 2n+1) at a point $s\in R$ to be the
unique trigonometric polynomial of degree n, whose value and first 2n
derivatives at s coincide with those of u at s. We will say that a point s is a
clean maximal flex (resp. clean minimal flex) of the function u on $S^1$ if and
only if $\phi_s\ge u$ (resp. $\phi_s\le u$) and the preimage $(\phi-u)^{-1}(0)$
is connected. We prove that any smooth periodic function u has at least n+1
clean maximal flexes of order 2n+1 and at least n+1 clean minimal flexes of
order 2n+1. The assertion is clearly reminiscent of Morse theory and
generalizes the classical four vertex theorem for convex plane curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129180 </DOCNO>
Extended HI disks in dust-lane elliptical galaxies


  We present the results of HI observations of five dust-lane ellipticals with
the Australia Telescope Compact Array. Two galaxies (NGC 3108 and NGC 1947) are
detected, and sensitive upper limits are obtained for the other three. In the
two detected galaxies, the HI is distributed in a regular, extended and warped
disk-like structure of low surface brightness. Adding data from the literature,
we find that several more dust-lane ellipticals have regular HI structures.
This HI is likely to be a remnant of accretions/mergers which took place a
considerable time ago, and in which a significant fraction of the gas survived
to form a disk. The presence of regular HI structures suggests that some
mergers lead to galaxies with extended low surface brightness density gas
disks. These gas disk will evolve very slowly and these elliptical galaxies
will remain gas rich for a long period of time. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95870 </DOCNO>
The cycle enumerator of unimodal permutations


  We give a generating function for the number of unimodal permutations with a
given cycle structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125089 </DOCNO>
The FIRST Bright Quasar Survey III. The South Galactic Cap


  We present the results of an extension of the FIRST Bright Quasar Survey
(FBQS) to the South Galactic cap, and to a fainter optical magnitude limit.
Radio source counterparts with SERC R magnitudes brighter than 18.9 which meet
the other FBQS criteria are included. We supplement this list with a modest
number of additional objects to test our completeness for quasars with extended
radio morphologies. The survey covers 589 square degrees in two equatorial
strips in the southern cap. We have obtained spectra for 86% of the 522
candidates, and find 321 radio-selected quasars of which 264 are reported here
for the first time. A comparison of this fainter sample with the FBQS sample
shows the two to be generally similar.
  Fourteen new broad absorption line (BAL) quasars are included in this sample.
When combined with the previously identified BAL quasars in our earlier papers,
we can discern a break in the frequency of BAL quasars with radio loudness,
namely that the relative number of high-ionization BAL quasars drops by a
factor of four for quasars with a radio-loudness parameter R* > 100.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124163 </DOCNO>
A Comprehensive Look at LH72 in the Context of Supergiant Shell LMC-4


  Stellar spectroscopy, UBV photometry, H$\alpha$ imaging, and analysis of data
from the ATCA \ion{H}{1} survey of the LMC are combined in a study of the LMC
OB association LH 72 and its surroundings. LH 72 lies on the rim of a
previously identified \ion{H}{1} shell, SGS-14, and in the interior of LMC-4,
one of the LMC's largest known supergiant shells. Our analysis of the
\ion{H}{1} data finds that SGS-14 is expanding with velocity $v_{exp}\sim15$ km
s$^{-1}$, giving it an expansion age of $\sim$15 Myr. Through the stellar
spectroscopy and photometry, we find similar ages for the oldest stars of LH
72, $\sim15-$30 Myr. We confirm that LH 72 contains an age spread of
$\sim15-$30 Myr, similar to the range in ages of stars derived for the entire
surrounding supergiant shell. Combining analysis of the O and B stars with
H$\alpha$ imaging of the \ion{H}{2} region DEM 228, we find that DEM 228
accounts for only 60% of the available ionizing Lyman continuum photons.
Comparing the distribution of ionized gas with that of the \ion{H}{1}, we find
that DEM 228 and LH 72 are offset by $\sim1-2\arcmin$ from the peak 21-cm
emission, towards the interior of SGS-14. Taken together, these results imply
that SGS-14 has cleared its interior of gas and triggered the formation of LH
72. On the basis of our results, we suggest that LMC-4 was not formed as unit
but by overlapping shells such as SGS-14, and that LH 72 will evolve to produce
a stellar arc similar to others seen within LMC-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96386 </DOCNO>
Non-holonomic constrained systems as implicit differential equations


  Non-holonomic constraints, both in the Lagragian and Hamiltonian formalism,
are discussed from the geometrical viewpoint of implicit differential
equations. A precise statement of both problems is presented remarking the
similarities and differences with other classical problems with constraints. In
our discussion, apart from a constraint submanifold, a field of permitted
directions and a system of reaction forces are given, the later being in
principle unrelated to the constraint submanifold. An implicit differential
equation is associated to a non-holonomic problem using the Tulczyjew's
geometrical description of the Legendre transformation. The integrable part of
this implicit differential equation is extracted using an adapted version of
the integrability algorithm. Moreover, sufficient conditions are found that
guarantees the compatibility of the non-holonomic problem, i.e., that assures
that the integrability algorithm stops at first step, and moreover it implies
the existence of a vector field whose integral curves are the solutions to the
problem. In addition this vector field turns out to be a second order
differential equation. These compatibility conditions are shown to include as
particular cases many others obtained previously by other authors. Several
examples and further lines of development of the subject are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99102 </DOCNO>
Optimal tail estimates for directed last passage site percolation with


  In this paper, we obtain optimal uniform lower tail estimates for the
probability distribution of the properly scaled length of the longest up/right
path of the last passage site percolation model considered by Johansson in
[12]. The estimates are used to prove a lower tail moderate deviation result
for the model. The estimates also imply the convergence of moments, and also
provide a verification of the universal scaling law relating the longitudinal
and the transversal fluctuations of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7133 </DOCNO>
Direct observation of the phonon energy in a Bose-Einstein condensate by


  The momentum and energy of phonons in a Bose-Einstein condensate are measured
directly from a time-of-flight image by computerized tomography. We find that
the same atoms that carry the momentum of the excitation also carry the
excitation energy. The measured energy is in agreement with the Bogoliubov
spectrum. Hydrodynamic simulations are performed which confirm our observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128023 </DOCNO>
New Observations of the Interstellar Medium in the Lyman Break Galaxy MS


  We present the results of a detailed study of the interstellar medium of MS
1512-cB58, an L* Lyman break galaxy at z = 2.7276, based on new spectral
observations obtained with the Echelle Spectrograph and Imager on the Keck II
telescope at 58 km/s resolution. We focus in particular on the chemical
abundances and kinematics of the interstellar gas and our main findings are as
follows. Even at this relatively early epoch, the ISM of this galaxy is already
highly enriched in elements released by Type II supernovae; the abundances of
O, Mg, Si, P, and S are all about 2/5 of their solar values. In contrast, N and
the Fe-peak elements Mn, Fe, and Ni are underabundant by a factor of about 3.
Based on current ideas of stellar nucleosynthesis, these results can be
understood if most of the metal enrichment in cB58 has taken place within the
last 300 million years, the timescale for the release of N from intermediate
mass stars. cB58 appears to be an example of a galaxy in the process of
converting its gas into stars on a few dynamical timescales; quite possibly we
are witnessing the formation of a galactic bulge or an elliptical galaxy. The
energetic star formation activity has stirred the interstellar medium to high
velocities of up to 1000 km/s. The net effect is a bulk outflow of the ISM at a
speed of 255 km/s and at a rate which exceeds the star formation rate. It is
unclear whether this gas will be lost or retained by the galaxy. We point out
that the chemical and kinematic properties of cB58 are markedly different from
those of most damped Lyman alpha systems at the same redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83694 </DOCNO>
One More Revolution to Make: Free Scientific Publishing


  Computer scientists are in the position to create new, free high-quality
journals. So what would it take?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76656 </DOCNO>
Leading Chiral Contributions to the Spin Structure of the Proton


  The leading chiral contributions to the quark and gluon components of the
proton spin are calculated using heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory.
Similar calculations are done for the moments of the generalized parton
distributions relevant to the quark and gluon angular momentum densities. These
results provide useful insight about the role of pions in the spin structure of
the nucleon, and can serve as a guidance for extrapolating lattice QCD
calculations at large quark masses to the chiral limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148373 </DOCNO>
Holomorphic Tachyons and Fractional D-branes


  We study tachyon condensation on brane-antibrane systems in orbifold theories
from the viewpoint of boundary string field theory. We show that the
condensation of holomorphic tachyon fields generates various fractional
D-branes. The boundary N=2 supersymmetry in the world-sheet theory ensures this
result exactly. Furthermore, our results are consistent with the twisted
RR-charges from detailed calculations of boundary states. We also discuss the
generation of RR-charges due to holomorphic tachyon fields on multiple
brane-antibrane pairs in flat space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86532 </DOCNO>
Determining the Cosmic Equation of State Using Future Gravitational Wave


  The expected chirp mass distribution of observed events for future
gravitational wave detectors is extensively investigated in the presence of an
exotic fluid component with an arbitrary equation of state, $-1 \leq \omega_x
\equiv p_x/\rho_x < 0$, i.e., the so-called dark energy component. The results
for a flat model dominated by a dark energy are compared to those for the
standard flat model dominated by cold dark matter. It is found that for a flat
universe the chirp mass distribution shows a sensitive dependence on
$\omega_x$, which may provide an independent and robust constraint on the
cosmic equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149059 </DOCNO>
Classical and Quantum Behavior of Genaralized Oscillators - action


  The relation that exists in quantum mechanics among action variables, angle
variables and the phases of quantum states is clarified, by referring to the
system of a generalized oscillator. As a by-product, quantum-mechanical meaning
of the classical Hamilton-Jacobi equation and related matters is clarified,
where a new picture of quantum mechanics is introduced, to be called the
Hamilton-Jacobi picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123339 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy and Modeling of the Absorbing and


  (abridged) The high-resolution X-ray spectrum of NGC 3783 shows several dozen
absorption lines and a few emission lines from the H-like and He-like ions of
O, Ne, Mg, Si, and S as well as from Fe XVII - Fe XXIII L-shell transitions. We
have reanalyzed the Chandra HETGS spectrum using better flux and wavelength
calibrations along with more robust methods. Combining several lines from each
element, we clearly demonstrate the existence of the absorption lines and
determine they are blueshifted relative to the systemic velocity by -610+/-130
km/s. We find the Ne absorption lines in the High Energy Grating spectrum to be
resolved with FWHM=840{+490}{-360} km/s. We have used regions in the spectrum
where no lines are expected to determine the X-ray continuum, and we model the
absorption and emission lines using photoionized-plasma calculations. The model
consists of two absorption components which have an order of magnitude
difference in their ionization parameters. The two components are spherically
outflowing from the AGN and thus contribute to both the absorption and the
emission via P Cygni profiles. The model also clearly requires O VII and O VIII
absorption edges. The low-ionization component of our model can plausibly
produce UV absorption lines with equivalent widths consistent with those
observed from NGC 3783. However, we note that this result is highly sensitive
to the unobservable UV-to-X-ray continuum, and the available UV and X-ray
observations cannot firmly establish the relationship between the UV and X-ray
absorbers. We find good agreement between the Chandra spectrum and simultaneous
ASCA and RXTE observations. We set an upper limit on the FWHM of the narrow
Fe K\alpha emission line of 3250 km/s. This is consistent with this line
originating outside the broad line region, possibly from a torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128106 </DOCNO>
Probing Dust in the Atmosphere of Brown Dwarfs Through Polarization


  Theoretical analysis and observational evidences indicate that a brown dwarf
with effective temperature greater than 1400 K would have dust cloud in its
atmosphere. In this letter, we show that dust scattering should yield polarized
continuum radiation from the relatively warm brown dwarfs and the polarized
flux profile could be a potential diagnosis tool for the optical and the
physical properties of dust grains. The degree of polarization due to multiple
scattering will be more in the optical region if the particle size is small
while significant polarization should be detected in the infra-red region if
the particle size is large. It is pointed out that the departure from
sphericity in the shape of the object due to rapid rotation and due to tidal
effect by the companion in a binary system ensures the disc integrated
polarization to be non-zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6599 </DOCNO>
A correlated stochastic volatility model measuring leverage and other


  We present a stochastic volatility market model where volatility is
correlated with return and is represented by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.
With this model we exactly measure the leverage effect and other stylized
facts, such as mean reversion, leptokurtosis and negative skewness. We also
obtain a close analytical expression for the characteristic function and study
the heavy tails of the probability distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3185 </DOCNO>
Universal amplitude of the free energy density in finite-size scaling:


  Using the numerical results of the finite-size scaling study of the q-state
Potts model by Bloete and Nightingale, we obtain conjectured expressions for
the universal amplitude of the free energy density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149733 </DOCNO>
Knots, Braids and BPS States in M-Theory


  In previous work we considered M-theory five branes wrapped on elliptic
Calabi-Yau threefold near the smooth part of the discriminant curve. In this
paper, we extend that work to compute the light states on the worldvolume of
five-branes wrapped on fibers near certain singular loci of the discriminant.
We regulate the singular behavior near these loci by deforming the discriminant
curve and expressing the singularity in terms of knots and their associated
braids. There braids allow us to compute the appropriate string junction
lattice for the singularity and,hence to determine the spectrum of light BPS
states. We find that these techniques are valid near singular points with N=2
supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149970 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry and Meson Vertex Operators in QCD Strings


  The worldline representation of the one loop fermionic effective action is
used to obtain the vertex operator for the pion and the sigma in QCD strings.
The vertex operator of the scalar sigma is distinguished from that of the
pseudo-scalar pion by the presence of an additional operator m V_{0} where m is
the current quark mass and V_{0} is a vertex operator that would describe a
tachyon in the open bosonic string theory. This leads to a relation between the
sigma propagator and the pion propagator, when chiral symmetry is spontaneously
broken this relation implies that the propagator constructed from V_{0} must
behave like a massless ghost state. The presence of this state ensures that the
sigma is massive and no longer degenerate with the pion. The expectation value
of V_{0} in a string description is related to the vacuum expectation value of
the chiral condensate in QCD. Our analysis emphasizes the need for boundary
fermions in any string representation of mesons and is suggestive of world
sheet supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86759 </DOCNO>
A String Bit Hamiltonian Approach to Two-Dimensional Quantum Gravity


  Motivated by the formalism of string bit models, or quantum matrix models, we
study a class of simple Hamiltonian models of quantum gravity type in two
space-time dimensions. These string bit models are special cases of a more
abstract class of models defined in terms of the sl(2) subalgebra of the
Virasoro algebra. They turn out to be solvable and their scaling limit
coincides in special cases with known transfer matrix models of two-dimensional
quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3737 </DOCNO>
Electronic localization in two dimensions


  By a scaling analysis, it is shown that the electronic behaviors in two and
three dimensional random systems are similar. Non-localized states are possible
in two dimensions, and possess some peculiar properties. A few predictions are
made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98115 </DOCNO>
A refined global well-posedness result for Schrodinger equations with


  In this paper we prove that the 1D Schr\"odinger equation with derivative in
the nonlinear term is globally well-posed in $H^{s}$, for $s>\frac12$ for data
small in $L^{2}$. To understand the strength of this result one should recall
that for $s<\frac12$ the Cauchy problem is ill-posed, in the sense that uniform
continuity with respect to the initial data fails. The result follows from the
method of almost conserved energies, an evolution of the ``I-method'' used by
the same authors to obtain global well-posedness for $s>\frac23$. The same
argument can be used to prove that any quintic nonlinear defocusing
Schr\"odinger equation on the line is globally well-posed for large data in
$H^{s}$, for $s>\frac12$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 897 </DOCNO>
Control of Spin Dynamics of Excitons in Nanodots for Quantum Operations


  This work presents a step furthering a new perspective of proactive control
of the spin-exciton dynamics in the quantum limit. Laser manipulation of
spin-polarized optical excitations in a semiconductor nanodot is used to
control the spin dynamics of two interacting excitons. Shaping of femtosecond
laser pulses keeps the quantum operation within the decoherence time.
Computation of the fidelity of the operations and application to the complete
solution of a basic quantum computing algorithm demonstrate in theory the
feasibility of quantum control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73823 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations and rare processes in models with a small extra


  We discuss Dirac neutrino masses and mixings in a scenario where both the
standard model fermions and right handed neutrinos are bulk fields in a
non-factorizable geometry in five dimensions. We show how the atmospheric and
solar neutrino anomalies can be satisfactorily resolved, and in particular how
bimaximal mixing is realized. We also consider rare processes such as
neutron-antineutron oscillations and mu --> e + gamma, which may occur at an
observable rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41266 </DOCNO>
Probing lepton flavour violation in $\nu_{\mu} + N \to \tau + ...$


  We study lepton flavour-violating interactions which could result in the
$\tau$-lepton production in the $\nu_{\mu}N$ scattering or in $\mu \to \tau$
conversion on nucleons at high energies. Phenomenological bounds on the
strength of $\bar{\tau}\nu_{\mu}\bar{q}q^{'}$ interactions are extracted from
the combined result of the NOMAD and CHORUS experiments on searching for
$\nu_{\mu} - \nu_{\tau}$ oscillations. Some of these bounds supersede limits
from rare decays. We also propose a ``missing energy'' type experiment
searching for $\mu - \tau$ conversion on nucleons. The experiment can be
performed at a present accelerator or at a future neutrino factory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1720 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of the Mg-B system: Implications for the deposition of


  We have studied thermodynamics of the Mg-B system with the modeling technique
CALPHAD using a computerized optimization procedure. Temperature-composition,
pressure-composition, and pressure-temperature phase diagrams under different
conditions are obtained. The results provide helpful insights into appropriate
processing conditions for thin films of the superconducting phase, MgB2,
including the identification of the pressure/temperature region for
adsorption-controlled growth. Due to the high volatility of Mg, MgB2 is
thermodynamically stable only under fairly high Mg overpressures for likely
growth temperatures. This constraint places severe temperature constraints on
deposition techniques employing high vacuum conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74747 </DOCNO>
Finite-Width Effects in Top Quark Production at Hadron Colliders


  Production cross sections for t\bar{t} and t\bar{t}j events at hadron
colliders are calculated, including finite width effects and off resonance
contributions for the entire decay chain, t --> bW --> b\ell\nu, for both top
quarks. Resulting background rates to Higgs search at the CERN LHC are updated
for inclusive H --> WW studies and for H --> \tau\tau and H --> WW decays in
weak boson fusion events. Finite width effects are large, increasing
t\bar{t}(j) rates by 20% or more, after typical cuts which are employed for
top-background rejection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3794 </DOCNO>
Relaxation properties in a lattice gas model with asymmetrical particles


  We study the relaxation process in a two-dimensional lattice gas model, where
the interactions come from the excluded volume. In this model particles have
three arms with an asymmetrical shape, which results in geometrical frustration
that inhibits full packing. A dynamical crossover is found at the arm
percolation of the particles, from a dynamical behavior characterized by a
single step relaxation above the transition, to a two-step decay below it.
Relaxation functions of the self-part of density fluctuations are well fitted
by a stretched exponential form, with a $\beta$ exponent decreasing when the
temperature is lowered until the percolation transition is reached, and
constant below it. The structural arrest of the model seems to happen only at
the maximum density of the model, where both the inverse diffusivity and the
relaxation time of density fluctuations diverge with a power law. The dynamical
non linear susceptibility, defined as the fluctuations of the self-overlap
autocorrelation, exhibits a peak at some characteristic time, which seems to
diverge at the maximum density as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126284 </DOCNO>
A critical appraisal of ATLAS9 and NextGen 5 model atmospheres


  The fitting atmosphere parameters (Teff, g, and [Fe/H]) for over 300 stars in
the Gunn & Striker and Jacoby et al. catalogs have been obtained relying on the
Kurucz (1992) ATLAS9 and Hauschildt et al (1999) NextGen5 synthesis models. The
output results are compared, and a critical appraisal of both theoretical codes
is performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84017 </DOCNO>
SNS Timing System


  This poster describes the timing system being designed for Spallation Neutron
Source being built at Oak Ridge National lab.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123666 </DOCNO>
On the Origin of the FeK$\alpha$ Line in the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 7172


  The Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 7172 was observed twice by BeppoSAX narrow field
instruments approximately one year apart. As found in previous observations,
the source is variable on short time scales (hours) by a factor of $\sim$30%,
confirming the presence of a type 1 nucleus at the center. A strong flux
variability (by a factor of 2) on a longer time scale was observed between the
two observations. Indeed, in November 1997, the lowest flux ever recorded was
detected by BeppoSAX. The broad band spectra obtained with the BeppoSAX narrow
field instruments show marginal evidence of a reflection component. This
structure could explain the very flat spectra previously observed in the 2-10
keV band. An FeK$\alpha$ line was also detected in both observations. The line
intensity appears to remain almost constant between the two observations even
if the associated large errors cannot exclude some variability. In order to
understand the problem of the origin of the line, data from previous
observations, performed with other satellites, were also used. The scenario
favored is one where the line is produced at a distance of approximatively 8
light years from the continuum source region, rather than having its origin in
the accretion disk. In the framework of the standard unified models for AGN,
this suggests that its origin is located in the molecular torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99248 </DOCNO>
Conductors and the moduli of residual perfection


  Let A be a complete discrete valuation ring with possibly imperfect residue
field. The purpose of this paper is to give a notion of conductor for Galois
representations over A that generalizes the classical Artin conductor. The
definition rests on two general results: there is a moduli space that
parametrizes the ways of modifying A so that its residue field is perfect, and
any information about a Galois-theoretic object over A can be recovered from
its pullback to the (residually perfect) discrete valuation ring corresponding
to the generic point of this moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72664 </DOCNO>
Testing Landau gauge OPE on the Lattice with a $<A^2>$ Condensate


  Using the operator product expansion we show that the $O(1/p^2)$ correction
to the perturbative expressions for the gluon propagator and the strong
coupling constant resulting from lattice simulations in the Landau gauge are
due to a non-vanishing vacuum expectation value of the operator $A^\mu A_\mu$.
This is done using the recently published Wilson coefficients of the identity
operator computed to third order, and the subdominant Wilson coefficient
computed in this paper to the leading logarithm. As a test of the applicability
of OPE we compare the $<A^\mu A_\mu>$ estimated from the gluon propagator and
the one from the coupling constant in the flavourless case. Both agree within
the statistical uncertainty: $\sqrt{< A^\mu A_\mu >} \simeq 1.64(15)$ GeV.
Simultaneously we fit $\Lams = $ 233(28) MeV in perfect agreement with previous
lattice estimates. When the leading coefficients are only expanded to two
loops, the two estimates of the condensate differ drastically. As a consequence
we insist that OPE can be applied in predicting physical quantities only if the
Wilson coefficients are computed to a high enough perturbative order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179087 </DOCNO>
Variational separable expansion scheme for two-body Coulomb-scattering


  We present a separable expansion approximation method for Coulomb-like
potentials which is based on Schwinger variational principle and uses
Coulomb-Sturmian functions as basis states. The new scheme provides faster
convergence with respect to our formerly used non-variational approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5479 </DOCNO>
Multi-scale clustering in granular surface flows


  We investigate steady granular surface flows in a rotating drum and
demonstrate the existence of rigid clusters of grains embedded in the flowing
layer. These clusters are fractal and their size is power-law distributed from
the grain size scale up to the thickness of the flowing layer. The implications
of the absence of a characteristic length scale on available theoretical models
of dense granular flows are discussed. Finally, we suggest a possible
explanation of the difference between velocity profiles observed in surface
flows and in flows down a rough inclined plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3918 </DOCNO>
Theory of Electron-Phonon Dynamics in Insulating Nanoparticles


  We discuss the rich vibrational dynamics of nanometer-scale semiconducting
and insulating crystals as probed by localized electronic impurity states, with
an emphasis on nanoparticles that are only weakly coupled to their environment.
Two principal regimes of electron-phonon dynamics are distinguished, and a
brief survey of vibrational-mode broadening mechanisms is presented. Recent
work on the effects of mechanical interaction with the environment is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179430 </DOCNO>
$\Xi^-$ emission probabilities at $(K^-,K^+)$ reaction points and the


  $\Xi^-$ escaping and scattering probabilities in the $(K^-,K^+)$ reaction
with nuclear targets is investigated on the basis of the eikonal approximation.
Calculations are performed using the $S=-2$ sector of the Nijmegen model-D
interaction, whose hard core radii are treated phenomenologically. %The $\Xi^-
N$, $\Xi^- p$ and $\Xi^- n$ elastic cross sections are The $\Xi^- N$ elastic
cross sections are derived from the $^9$Be$(K^-,K^+)$ data of the BNL-E906
experiment, which is useful to determine the hard-core radii in $P$-states. The
$\Xi$ single-particle potential energy is investigated with the G-matrix
calculation in nuclear matter, which is sensitive to the hard-core radii in
$S$-states. The important constraint for the $\Xi N$ interaction is obtained by
combining the two analyses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77143 </DOCNO>
New chiral-symmetry-breaking operators in pseudoscalar QCD sum rules


  Nonperturbative Wilson coefficients associated with the leading
chiral-symmetry-breaking operators in the operator product expansion of the
pseudoscalar QCD correlation function are derived. Implementation of the new,
instanton-induced operators enables the corresponding spectral sum rule to
reproduce the small pion mass scale, thereby reconciling it with Goldstone's
theorem. The same operators suppress the contributions of pionic resonances.
Several predictions and structural insights from the new sum rule are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1502 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulations of Short-time Critical Dynamics with a Conserved


  With Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate short-time critical dynamics of
the three-dimensional anti-ferromagnetic Ising model with a globally conserved
magnetization $m_s$ (not the order parameter). From the power law behavior of
the staggered magnetization (the order parameter), its second moment and the
auto-correlation, we determine all static and dynamic critical exponents as
well as the critical temperature. The universality class of $m_s=0$ is the same
as that without a conserved quantity, but the universality class of non-zero
$m_s$ is different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126448 </DOCNO>
Orbital decay of satellites crossing an accretion disc


  Motion of stellar-mass satellites is studied around a massive compact body
which is surrounded by a gaseous slab of a stationary accretion disc. The
satellites suffer an orbital decay due to hydrodynamical interaction with the
disc medium (transitions across the disc, gap opening in the disc, density
waves) and gravitational radiation. Arbitrary orbital eccentricities and
inclinations are considered, and it is observed how the competing effects
depend on the parameters of the model, namely, the mass and compactness of the
orbiters, the osculating elements of their trajectories, and surface density of
the disc. These effects have a visible impact on the satellites long-term
motion, and they can produce observational consequences with respect to
galactic central clusters. It is shown that the satellite-disc collisions do
not impose serious restrictions on the results of gravitational wave
experiments if the disc medium is diluted and the orbiter is compact but they
are important in the case of environments with relatively high density. We thus
concentrate on application to accretion flows in which the density is not
negligible. We discuss the expected quasi-stationary structure of the cluster
that is established on sub-parsec scales within the sphere of gravitational
influence of the central object. Relevant to this region, we give the power-law
slopes defining the radial profile of modified clusters and we show that their
values are determined by satellite interaction with the accretion flow rather
than their initial distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75789 </DOCNO>
Real Time Dynamics of Symmetry Breaking


  The dynamics of symmetry breaking is an important issue in many branches of
physics including the real time onset of the Higgs-effect. In this thesis I
examine the linear and non-linear evolution of different systems in the broken
symmetric phase. The method of the analytical investigation is to derive
effective equations of motion for the soft modes of the theory. Numerical
investigation were performed for out-of-equilibrium classical systems. The
dynamics of the one-component scalar theory both in the linear-response
approximation and for large deviations from equilibrium is investigated. The
real time characterisation of the Goldstone effect when a condensate breaks the
O(N) symmetry of the quantum and classical field theory is given. The
corrections to the Hard Thermal Loop dynamics in the Abelian Higgs model, which
reflect the presence of the scalar condensate are calculated. An equation of
motion for the soft gauge field that incorporates the effect of the scalar
condensate is proposed to be used deep in the broken phase of the Abelian Higgs
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114462 </DOCNO>
Sporadic electron jets from cathodes - The main breakdown-triggering


  We have demonstrated experimentally that the main breakdown-triggering
mechanism in most gaseous detectors, including micropattern gaseous detectors,
is sporadic electron jets from the cathode surfaces.
  Depending on conditions, each jet contains randomly from a few primary
electrons up to 10^5, emitted in a time interval ranging between 0.1
microsecond to milliseconds. After the emission, these primary electrons
experience a full gas multiplication in the detector and create spurious
pulses.
  The rate of these jets increases with applied voltage and very sharply at
voltages close to the breakdown limit. We found that these jets are in our
measurements responsible for the breakdown-triggering at any counting rate
between 10^(-2) Hz/mm^2 and 10^8 Hz/mm^2. We demonstrated on a few detectors
that an optimized cathode-geometry, a high electrode surface quality and a
proper choice of the gas mixture, considerably improve the performance
characteristics and provide the highest possible gains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148308 </DOCNO>
Topology of Equivalent Unconstrained Systems in QCD


  We consider the derivation of equivalent unconstrained systems for QCD given
in the class of functions of nontrivial topological gauge transformations. We
show that the unconstrained QCD obtained by resolving the Gauss law constraint
contains a monopole, a zero mode of the Gauss law, and a rising potential,
which can explain the phenomena of confinment and hadronization as well as
spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and the $\eta$-$\eta'$-mass difference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174694 </DOCNO>
Spin-triplet final-state dominance in the pp -> pn pi+ reaction at 492


  The near-forward cross section for the pp -> pn pi^+ reaction has been
measured at 492 MeV by using the large acceptance ANKE magnetic spectrometer
placed at an internal target position of the storage ring COSY-Juelich. Protons
and pions emitted near zero degrees were detected in coincidence, and those
with theta_pi <= 2 degrees and theta_p <= 2.5degrees were subjected to detailed
analysis. Under these conditions, the excitation energy in the np system was
below 3 MeV over the measured momentum range. This is the region of the np
final-state-interaction peak, which was measured with a resolution of a
fraction of an MeV. The shape of the peak allows one to conclude that the
fraction of final spin-singlet np pairs is below about 10%. By using the
results of scattering theory, this limit is confirmed through a comparison with
the cross section for pp -> d pi^+. The smallness of the singlet contribution
is consistent with trends seen in lower energy data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72939 </DOCNO>
New Physics in the New Millennium with GENIUS: Double Beta Decay, Dark


  Double beta decay is indispensable to solve the question of the neutrino mass
matrix together with $\nu$ oscillation experiments. The most sensitive
experiment since eight years - the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment in Gran-Sasso -
already now, with the experimental limit of $<m_\nu > < 0.26$ eV excludes
degenerate $\nu$ mass scenarios allowing neutrinos as hot dark matter in the
universe for the small angle MSW solution of the solar neutrino problem. It
probes cosmological models including hot dark matter already now on the level
of future satellite experiments MAP and PLANCK. It further probes many topics
of beyond Standard Model physics at the TeV scale. Future experiments should
give access to the multi-TeV range and complement on many ways the search for
new physics at future colliders like LHC and NLC. For neutrino physics some of
them (GENIUS) will allow to test almost all neutrino mass scenarios allowed by
the present neutrino oscillation experiments. At the same time GENIUS will
cover a wide range of the parameter space of predictions of SUSY for
neutralinos as cold dark matter. Further it has the potential to be a real-time
detector for low-energy ($pp$ and $^7$Be) solar neutrinos. A GENIUS Test
Facility has just been funded and will come into operation by end of 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97454 </DOCNO>
A Method to Tackle First Order Differential Equations with Liouvillian


  We present an algorithm to solve First Order Ordinary Differential Equations
(FOODEs) extending the Prelle-Singer (PS) Method. The usual PS-approach miss
many FOODEs presenting Liouvillian functions in the solution (LFOODEs). We
point out why and propose an algorithm to solve a large class of these
previously unsolved LFOODEs. Although our algorithm does not cover all the
LFOODEs, it is an elegant extension mantaining the semi-decision nature of the
usual PS-Method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126699 </DOCNO>
Discovery of depressions in the X-ray emission of the distant galaxy


  We present CHANDRA observations of the X-ray luminous, distant galaxy cluster
RBS797 at z=0.35. In the central region the X-ray emission shows two pronounced
X-ray minima, which are located opposite to each other with respect to the
cluster centre. These depressions suggest an interaction between the central
radio galaxy and the intra-cluster medium, which would be the first detection
in such a distant cluster. The minima are symmetric relative to the cluster
centre and very deep compared to similar features found in a few other nearby
clusters. A spectral and morphological analysis of the overall cluster emission
shows that RBS797 is a hot cluster (T=7.7^{+1.2}_{-1.0} keV) with a total mass
of M_{tot}(r_{500})=6.5^{+1.6}_{-1.2} 10^{14} \msol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40886 </DOCNO>
Charged and Identified Particles in the Hadronic Decay of W Bosons and


  Inclusive distributions of charged particles in hadronic W decays are
experimentally investigated using the statistics collected by the DELPHI
experiment at LEP during 1997, 1998 and 1999, at centre-of-mass energies from
183 to around 200 GeV. The possible effects of interconnection between the
hadronic decays of two Ws are not observed. Measurements of the average
multiplicity for charged and identified particles in q qbar and WW events at
centre-of-mass energies from 130 to 200 GeV and in W decays are presented. The
results on the average multiplicity of identified particles and on the position
xi^* of the maximum of the xi_p = -log(2p/sqrt(s)) distribution are compared
with predictions of JETSET and MLLA calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4936 </DOCNO>
Negative Magneto-Resistance Beyond Weak Localization in


  We investigate a semiclassical conductance for ballistic open
three-dimensional (3-d) billiards. For partially or completely broken-ergodic
3-d billiards such as SO(2) symmetric billiards, the dependence of the
conductance on the Fermi wavenumber is dramatically changed by the lead
orientation. Application of a symmetry-breaking weak magnetic field brings
about mixed phase-space structures of 3-d billiards which ensures a novel
Arnold diffusion that cannot be seen in 2-d billiards. In contrast to the 2-d
case, the anomalous increment of the conductance should inevitably include a
contribution arising from Arnold diffusion as well as a weak localization
correction. Discussions are devoted to the physical condition for observing
this phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81059 </DOCNO>
A Regularization of Quantum Gravity


  We re-examine results of the Liouville theory and provide arguments that a
{\it negative} bare cosmological constant is essential to define
two-dimensional quantum gravity. From this we are naturally led to a
regularization of quantum gravity within the Regge approach such that it is
described by small fluctuations around equilateral triangles, whose average
link length approaches zero in the continuum limit. We investigate a model
based on this idea numerically and present evidence for the desired long-range
correlations. Interestingly, the approach might generalize to higher
dimensions. The picture of an inflated balloon, which is often used to
demonstrate the properties of an expanding classical universe, seems to be
valuable to understand quantum gravity as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75460 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Moment of Neutrino in Statistical Background


  We calculate the magnetic moment of Dirac type of neutrinos in hot and dense
background for different ranges of temperature and chemical potential. The
properties of neutrinos are studied in the strong magnetic field where the
chemical potential of particles is high enough to have more particles than the
antiparticles. We show that in this situation, Weyl neutrino seems to explain
the neutrino coupling with the magnetic field due to its effective mass which
can couple with the magnetic field directly. We also investigate the
electromagnetic properties of Weyl neutrino due to its effective mass developed
in the strong magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128115 </DOCNO>
Stochastic spin evolution of neutron stars


  In this paper we present calculations of period distribution for old
accreting isolated neutron stars (INSs).
  At the age about a few billions years low velocity INSs come to the stage of
accretion. At that stage their period evolution is governed by magnetic
breaking and accreted angular momentum. Due to turbulence of the interstellar
medium (ISM) accreted momentum can both accelerate and decelerate rotation of
an INS and spin evolution has chaotic character.
  Calculations show that for constant magnetic fields INSs have relatively long
spin periods, $\ge 10^4$--$10^5$ s, depending on parameters of INSs and an ISM.
Due to long periods INSs have high spin up/spin down rates, which should
fluctuate on a time scale about a few years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2755 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity and Electronic Structure of Perovskite MgCNi3


  The electronic structure, stability, electron phonon coupling and
superconductivity of the non-oxide perovskite MgCNi$_3$ are studied using
density functional calculations. The band structure is dominated by a Ni $d$
derived density of states peak just below the Fermi energy, which leads to a
moderate Stoner enhancement, placing MgCNi$_3$ in the range where spin
fluctuations may noticeably affect transport, specific heat and
superconductivity, providing a mechanism for reconciling various measures of
the coupling $\lambda$. Strong electron phonon interactions are found for the
octahedral rotation mode and may exist for other bond angle bending modes. The
Fermi surface contains nearly cancelling hole and electron sheets that give
unusual behavior of transport quantities particularly the thermopower. The
results are discussed in relation to the superconductivity of MgCNi$_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95951 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group and the Melnikov Problem for PDE's


  We give a new proof of persistence of quasi-periodic, low dimensional
elliptic tori in infinite dimensional systems. The proof is based on a
renormalization group iteration that was developed recently in [BGK] to address
the standard KAM problem, namely, persistence of invariant tori of maximal
dimension in finite dimensional, near integrable systems. Our result covers
situations in which the so called normal frequencies are multiple. In
particular, it provides a new proof of the existence of small-amplitude,
quasi-periodic solutions of nonlinear wave equations with periodic boundary
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179261 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Calculation of Total Ordinary Muon Capture Rates for Medium


  Total Ordinary Muon Capture (OMC) rates are calculated on the basis of the
Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation for several spherical nuclei from
90^Zr to 208^Pb. It is shown that total OMC rates calculated with the free
value of the axial-vector coupling constant g_A agree well with the
experimental data for medium-size nuclei and exceed considerably the
experimental rates for heavy nuclei. The sensitivity of theoretical OMC rates
to the nuclear residual interactions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96209 </DOCNO>
Lattice Diagram polynomials in one set of variables


  The space $M_{\mu/i,j}$ spanned by all partial derivatives of the lattice
polynomial $\Delta_{\mu/i,j}(X;Y)$ is investigated in math.CO/9809126 and many
conjectures are given. Here, we prove all these conjectures for the $Y$-free
component $M_{\mu/i,j}^0$ of $M_{\mu/i,j}$. In particular, we give an explicit
bases for $M_{\mu/i,j}^0$ which allow us to prove directly the central {\sl
four term recurrence} for these spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2949 </DOCNO>
Excess Kondo resonance in a quantum dot device with normal and


  We report on a novel Kondo phenomenon of interacting quantum dots coupled
asymmetrically to a normal and a superconducting lead. The effects of intradot
Coulomb interaction and Andreev tunneling give rise to Andreev bound
resonances. As a result, a new type of co-tunneling process which we term
Andreev-normal co-tunneling, is predicted. At low temperatures, coherent
superposition of these co-tunneling processes induces a Kondo effect in which
Cooper pairs directly participate formation of a spin singlet, leading to four
Kondo resonance peaks in the local density of states, and enhancing the
tunneling current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179322 </DOCNO>
In-medium broadening of nucleon resonances


  We analyze the effects of an in-medium broadening of nucleon resonances on
the exclusive photoproduction of mesons on nuclei as well as on the total
photoabsorption cross sections in a transport calculation. We show that the
resonance widths observed in semi-inclusive photoproduction on nuclei are
insensitive to an in-medium broadening of nucleon resonances. This is due to a
simple effect: the sizeable width of the nuclear surface and Fermi motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76944 </DOCNO>
Cosmological perturbations in the 5D Big Bang


  Bucher [Bucher2001] has recently proposed an interesting brane-world
cosmological scenario where the ``Big Bang'' hypersurface is the locus of
collision of two vacuum bubbles which nucleate in a five dimensional flat
space. This gives rise to an open universe, where the curvature can be very
small provided that $d/R_0$ is sufficiently large. Here, d is the distance
between bubbles and $R_0$ is their size at the time of nucleation. Quantum
fluctuations develop on the bubbles as they expand towards each other, and
these in turn imprint cosmological perturbations on the initial hypersurface.
We present a simple formalism for calculating the spectrum of such
perturbations and their subsequent evolution. We conclude that, unfortunately,
the spectrum is very tilted, with spectral index $n_s=3$. The amplitude of
fluctuations at horizon crossing is given by $<(\delta \rho/\rho)^2> \sim
(R_0/d)^2 S_E^{-1} k^2$, where $S_E\gg 1$ is the Euclidean action of the
instanton describing the nucleation of a bubble and k is the wavenumber in
units of the curvature scale. The spectrum peaks on the smallest possible
relevant scale, whose wave-number is given by $k\sim d/R_0$. We comment on the
possible extension of our formalism to more general situations where a Big Bang
is ignited through the collision of 4D extended objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148030 </DOCNO>
A Matrix Model for the Two Dimensional Black Hole


  We construct and study a matrix model that describes two dimensional string
theory in the Euclidean black hole background. A conjecture of V. Fateev, A.
and Al. Zamolodchikov, relating the black hole background to condensation of
vortices (winding modes around Euclidean time) plays an important role in the
construction. We use the matrix model to study quantum corrections to the
thermodynamics of two dimensional black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83941 </DOCNO>
On Equivalence and Canonical Forms in the LF Type Theory


  Decidability of definitional equality and conversion of terms into canonical
form play a central role in the meta-theory of a type-theoretic logical
framework. Most studies of definitional equality are based on a confluent,
strongly-normalizing notion of reduction. Coquand has considered a different
approach, directly proving the correctness of a practical equivalance algorithm
based on the shape of terms. Neither approach appears to scale well to richer
languages with unit types or subtyping, and neither directly addresses the
problem of conversion to canonical.
  In this paper we present a new, type-directed equivalence algorithm for the
LF type theory that overcomes the weaknesses of previous approaches. The
algorithm is practical, scales to richer languages, and yields a new notion of
canonical form sufficient for adequate encodings of logical systems. The
algorithm is proved complete by a Kripke-style logical relations argument
similar to that suggested by Coquand. Crucially, both the algorithm itself and
the logical relations rely only on the shapes of types, ignoring dependencies
on terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6682 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Quantum Pump for Spin and Charge Transport in a Luttinger


  This is a Comment to the paper by Sharma and Chamon in Phys. Rev. Lett. 87
(2001) 096401 (cond-mat/0011025). We show that the prediction of the universal
charge pumped per cycle in the fast limit for attractive electron-electron
interaction is invalid. We also prove the quantization of the pumped charge for
repulsive interaction in the limit of adiabatic pumping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96195 </DOCNO>
Locus of indeterminacy of the Prym map


  We provide an easy characterization for the locus of indeterminacy of the
Prym map in terms of the dual graphs of stable curves. As a corollary, we show
that the closure of the Fridman-Smith locus coincides with the locus of
indeterminacy of the Prym map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 257 </DOCNO>
A novel multigrid method for electronic structure calculations


  A general real-space multigrid algorithm for the self-consistent solution of
the Kohn-Sham equations appearing in the state-of-the-art electronic-structure
calculations is described. The most important part of the method is the
multigrid solver for the Schroedinger equation. Our choice is the Rayleigh
quotient multigrid method (RQMG), which applies directly to the minimization of
the Rayleigh quotient on the finest level. Very coarse correction grids can be
used, because there is no need to be able to represent the states on the coarse
levels. The RQMG method is generalized for the simultaneous solution of all the
states of the system using a penalty functional to keep the states orthogonal.
The performance of the scheme is demonstrated by applying it in a few molecular
and solid-state systems described by non-local norm-conserving
pseudopotentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41411 </DOCNO>
A Study of B0 -> J/psi K(*)0 pi+ pi- Decays with the Collider Detector


  We report a study of the decays B0 -> J/psi K(*)0 pi+ pi-, which involve the
creation of a u u-bar or d d-bar quark pair in addition to a b-bar -> c-bar(c
s-bar) decay. The data sample consists of 110 1/pb of p p-bar collisions at
sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV collected by the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron
collider during 1992-1995. We measure the branching ratios to be BR(B0 -> J/psi
K*0 pi+ pi-) = (8.0 +- 2.2 +- 1.5) * 10^{-4} and BR(B0 -> J/psi K0 pi+ pi-) =
(1.1 +- 0.4 +- 0.2) * 10^{-3}. Contributions to these decays are seen from
psi(2S) K(*)0, J/psi K0 rho0, J/psi K*+ pi-, and J/psi K1(1270).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126777 </DOCNO>
An Inner Molecular Bar or Disk in NGC 5195


  High resolution OVRO CO 1-0 observations of the inner kpc of the
M51-companion NGC 5195 reveal the presence of a kpc-sized bar, or possibly an
inclined disk with a two armed spiral, at the center of the optical bar. The
molecular mass of the feature is 2.7 x 10^8 M_o, half of which is within a
radius of 250 pc. The resulting gas surface density of 10^3 M_o pc^-2 is
typical for starbursts. However, the lack of evidence for current star
formation suggests that either some mechanism is preventing stars from forming,
or the standard CO to H_2 conversion factor substantially overestimates the
available amounts of molecular gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 797 </DOCNO>
Large-Scale Synchrony in Weakly Interacting Automata


  We study the behavior of two spatially distributed (sandpile) models which
are weakly linked with one another. Using a Monte-Carlo implementation of the
renormalization group and algebraic methods, we describe how large-scale
correlations emerge between the two systems, leading to synchronized behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127457 </DOCNO>
An x-ray detector using PIN photodiodes for the axion helioscope


  An x-ray detector for a solar axion search was developed. The detector is
operated at 60K in a cryostat of a superconducting magnet. Special care was
paid to microphonic noise immunity and mechanical structure against thermal
contraction. The detector consists of an array of PIN photodiodes and tailor
made preamplifiers. The size of each PIN photodiode is $11\times 11\times 0.5\
{\rm mm^3}$ and 16 pieces are used for the detector. The detector consists of
two parts, the front-end part being operated at a temperature of 60K and the
main part in room temperature. Under these circumstances, the detector achieved
1.0 keV resolution in FWHM, 2.5 keV threshold and 6\times 10^{-5} counts
sec^{-1} keV^{-1} cm^{-2} background level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7055 </DOCNO>
Occupation of a resonant level coupled to a chiral Luttinger liquid


  We consider a resonant level coupled to a chiral Luttinger liquid which can
be realized, e.g., at a fractional quantum Hall edge. We study the dependence
of the occupation probability n of the level on its energy \epsilon for various
values of the Luttinger-liquid parameter g. At g<1/2 a weakly coupled level
shows a sharp jump in n(\epsilon) at the Fermi level. As the coupling is
increased, the magnitude of the jump decreases until \sqrt{2g}, and then the
discontinuity in n(\epsilon) disappears. We show that n(\epsilon) can be
expressed in terms of the magnetization of a Kondo impurity as a function of
magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97063 </DOCNO>
Linear Lie algebras with finite dimensional centralizers


  We give criteria for finite dimensionality or infinite dimensionality of the
polynomial centralizer of the Lie algebra of a linear Lie group, in terms of
invariants and relative invariants of the group. In the finite dimensional
scenario some applications to normal forms and to certain equations with
fundamental solutions are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168605 </DOCNO>
Properties of Entanglement Monotones for Three-Qubit Pure States


  Various parameterizations for the orbits under local unitary transformations
of three-qubit pure states are analyzed. The interconvertibility, symmetry
properties, parameter ranges, calculability and behavior under measurement are
looked at. It is shown that the entanglement monotones of any multipartite pure
state uniquely determine the orbit of that state under local unitary
transformations. It follows that there must be an entanglement monotone for
three-qubit pure states which depends on the Kempe invariant defined in [Phys.
Rev. A 60, 910 (1999)]. A form for such an entanglement monotone is proposed. A
theorem is proved that significantly reduces the number of entanglement
monotones that must be looked at to find the maximal probability of
transforming one multipartite state to another.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3763 </DOCNO>
Collective Excitations of Dilute Bose-Fermi Superfluid Mixtures


  Using the effective action formalism, we investigate collective excitations
of a dilute mixture of a Bose gas and a two component Fermi gas when both
bosons and fermions have undergone superfluid transitions. We show that there
is a repulsion between Bogoliubov and Anderson modes, which has important
implications including disappearance of boson superfluidity. We derive an
analytic expression for the long-wavelength dispersion relation of the mixture
at zero temperature and give a condition for the instability. We also
numerically calculate the damping rate due to boson-fermion interaction at
finite temperatures and show that the two modes are stable at sufficiently low
temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129097 </DOCNO>
Topological Lensing: Is the Matter Both Here and There?


  If the Universe satisfies a perturbed Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre model, then the
bright matter (e.g. radio-loud active galactic nuclei, RLAGNs) may be
topologically lensed by global geometry. The generation of candidate
topological lensing pairs of RLAGNs, which may be double images of single
objects seen at very different celestial positions, provides very easily
falsifiable (given moderate telescope time) cosmological geometry hypotheses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5420 </DOCNO>
How do dynamic heterogeneities evolve in time?


  We present simulations of a hard disc system and analyze the time evolution
of the dynamic heterogeneities. We characterize the time evolution of slow
regions and slow particles individually. The motion of slow clusters turns out
to be very restricted, i.e. a cluster is generated and annihilated in a spatial
region four times the size of its maximum extent. The residual motion of the
cluster can be traced back to subdiffusive motion of the constituent particles
and the process of absorption and loss of adjacent particles. The subdiffusive
dynamics is independent of how long the particles remain slow. Clusters of fast
particles show an even smaller reach, which seems to be due to their short life
time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74127 </DOCNO>
Range Corrections to Doublet S-Wave Neutron-Deuteron Scattering


  We calculate the range corrections to S-wave neutron-deuteron scattering in
the doublet channel (S=1/2) to first order in r/a where a is the scattering
length and r the effective range. Ultraviolet divergences appearing at this
order can be absorbed into a redefinition of the leading order three-body
force. The corrections to the elastic scattering amplitude below the deuteron
breakup threshold are computed. Inclusion of the range corrections gives good
agreement with measured scattering data and potential model calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 692 </DOCNO>
Quenched Disorder Effects on Deterministic Inertia Ratchets


  The effect of quenched disorder on the underdamped motion of a periodically
driven particle on a ratchet potential is studied. As a consequence of
disorder, current reversal and chaotic diffusion may take place on regular
trajectories. On the other hand, on some chaotic trajectories disorder induces
regular motion.
 A localization effect similar to {\sl Golosov Phenomenon} sets in whenever a
disorder threshold that depends on the mass of the particle is reached.
Possible applications of the localization phenomenon are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83890 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Wireless Standards-Setting --United States Versus Europe


  When decisions about developing standards are left to individual firms, there
are many advantages including a flexible response to market evolution,
accommodation to rapid technology change, and avoidance of costly coordination.
However, the market process does not necessarily lead to compatible standards,
especially when there is no clear market dominator. Standards Institutions
generally facilitate better communication among market participants, which may
discourage early and/or primitive incompatible standards to emerge in the
market. However, expenditures on institutional standards-setting can lead to
diminishing returns, or even be counter-productive because institutional
standards usually take longer to produce and are slower to respond to
technology development. Government agencies can specify compulsory standards to
avoid incompatibility. In addition, governments can tie their policy on
standardization closely with their industrial, trade, and/or regulatory
policies. However, many exogenous factors handicap a government's effective
involvement. Government often fails to respond to the dynamics of technology
development and consumer demand, and to pick up the "right technology". This
study first discusses why two different models have emerged in the two regions.
It then examines outcomes and implications of the two models, including impacts
on domestic service deployment, global trade competition, technology
innovations, and strategies of multinational corporations. The goal is to
conduct an empirical comparison between the two contrasting models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1201 </DOCNO>
Self-organized criticality in evolutionary systems with local


  This paper studies a stylized model of local interaction where agents choose
from an ever increasing set of vertically ranked actions, e.g. technologies.
The driving forces of the model are infrequent upward shifts (``updates''),
followed by a rapid process of local imitation (``diffusion''). Our main focus
is on the regularities displayed by the long-run distribution of diffusion
waves and their implication on the performance of the system. By integrating
analytical techniques and numerical simulations, we come to the following two
main conclusions. (1) If dis-coordination costs are sufficiently high, the
system behaves critically, in the sense customarily used in physics. (2) The
performance of the system is optimal at the frontier of the critical region.
Heuristically, this may be interpreted as an indication that
(performance-sensitive) evolutionary forces induce the system to be placed ``at
the edge of order and chaos''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129385 </DOCNO>
Potentials and distribution functions to be used for dynamical modeling


  We present new tools to establish axisymmetric equilibrium models of the
Milky Way. The models we wish to establish are pairs (V,F) where V is the
gravitational potential generated by the whole mass distribution including the
dark matter, and F is the distribution function in phase space for late-type
tracer stars. We present a set of Stackel potentials that fit some fundamental
parameters of the Milky Way (mass density in the solar neighbourhood and Oort
constants). Then we define new component distribution functions that can be
combined with these potentials in order to reproduce kinematical data like
those that will be provided by GAIA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41575 </DOCNO>
The topological branching fractions of $\tau$ decay at LEP


  The paper has heen withdrawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113890 </DOCNO>
Effect of Insertion Devices in SPEAR 3


  The SPEAR 3 upgrade lattice will provide much reduced beam emittance to
increase the brightness of synchrotron radiation beams from wigglers and
undulators. Seven existing insertion devices will be used in the lattice. In
this paper we review the wiggler parameters, outline the wiggler compensation
scheme, and evaluate wiggler effect on the optics and dynamic aperture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149367 </DOCNO>
Quantum Trajectories


  Through the constant potential, the linear potential and the harmonic
oscillator, we show in one dimension that to each classical trajectory there is
a family of quantum trajectories which all pass through some points
constituting nodes and belonging to the classical trajectory. We also discuss
the generalization to any potential and give a new definition for de Broglie's
wavelength in such a way as to link it with the length separating adjacent
nodes. In particular, we show how quantum trajectories have as a limit when
$\hbar \to 0$ the classical ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1413 </DOCNO>
Superfluidity of bosons on a deformable lattice


  We study the superfluid properties of a system of interacting bosons on a
lattice which, moreover, are coupled to the vibrational modes of this lattice,
treated here in terms of Einstein phonon model. The ground state corresponds to
two correlated condensates: that of the bosons and that of the phonons. Two
competing effects determine the common collective soundwave-like mode with
sound velocity $v$, arising from gauge symmetry breaking: i) The sound velocity
$v_0$ (corresponding to a weakly interacting Bose system on a rigid lattice) in
the lowest order approximation is reduced due to reduction of the repulsive
boson-boson interaction, arising from the attractive part of phonon mediated
interaction in the static limit. ii) the second order correction to the sound
velocity is enhanced as compared to the one of bosons on a rigid lattice when
the the boson-phonon interaction is switched on due to the retarded nature of
phonon mediated interaction. The overall effect is that the sound velocity is
practically unaffected by the coupling with phonons, indicating the robustness
of the superfluid state. The induction of a coherent state in the phonon
system, driven by the condensation of the bosons could be of experimental
significance, permitting spectroscopic detections of superfluid properties of
the bosons. Our results are based on an extension of the Beliaev - Popov
formalism for a weakly interacting Bose gas on a rigid lattice to that on a
deformable lattice with which it interacts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3739 </DOCNO>
New High Temperature Diboride Superconductors: AgB2 and AuB2


  Based on electronic structure calculations, we have found that noble metal
diborides, AgB2 and AuB2, are potential candidates for conventional BCS-type
high temperature superconductors. B 2p density of states dominates at the Fermi
level in comparison with Ag 4d and Au 5d states. Furthermore, the
electron-phonon coupling constant \lambda is much larger in AgB2 and AuB2 than
in MgB2. Estimated transition temperatures for AgB2 and AuB2 are T_c = 59 K and
72 K, respectively. These are about 2 ~ 3 times higher than the estimated T_c =
27 K in MgB2 and almost comparable to those in cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 49 </DOCNO>
Dynamical charge susceptibility in layered cuprates: the influence of


  The analytical expression for dynamical charge susceptibility in layered
cuprates has been derived in the frame of singlet-correlated band model beyond
random-phase-approximation (RPA) scheme. Our calculations performed near
optimal doping regime show that there is a peak in real part of the charge
susceptibility $\chi({\bf q},\omega)$ at {\bf Q} = ($\pi$, $\pi$) at strong
enough inter-site Coulomb repulsion. Together with the strong maximum in the Im
$\chi({\bf Q},\omega)$ at 15 meV it confirms the formation of low-energetic
plasmons or charge fluctuations. This provides a jsutification that these
excitations are important and together with a spin flcutuations can contribute
to the Cooper pairing in layered cuprates. Analysing the charge susceptibilitiy
with respect to an instability we obtain a new plasmon branch, $\omega_{\bf
q}$, along the Brillouin Zone. In particular, we have found that it goes to
zero near {\bf Q}$_{CDW} \approx (2\pi/3, 2\pi/3)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1702 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic scaling and generalized conformal invariance at Lifshitz


  The behaviour of the 3D axial next-nearest neighbour Ising (ANNNI) model at
the uniaxial Lifshitz point is studied using Monte Carlo techniques. A new
variant of the Wolff cluster algorithm permits the analysis of systems far
larger than in previous studies. The Lifshitz point critical exponents are
$\alpha=0.18(2)$, $\beta=0.238(5)$ and $\gamma=1.36(3)$. Data for the spin-spin
correlation function are shown to be consistent with the explicit scaling
function derived from the assumption of local scale invariance, which is a
generalization of conformal invariance to the anisotropic scaling {\em at} the
Lifshitz point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73837 </DOCNO>
Possible Pseudogap Phase in QCD


  Thermal pion fluctuations, in principle, can completely disorder the phase of
the quark condensate and thus restore chiral symmetry. If this happens before
the quark condensate melts, strongly-interacting matter will be in the
pseudogap state just above the chiral phase transition. The quark condensate
does not vanish locally and quarks acquire constituent masses in the pseudogap
phase, despite chiral symmetry is restored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179586 </DOCNO>
Effective Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction and Fermi Liquid Theory


  We present two novel relations between the quasiparticle interaction in
nuclear matter and the unique low momentum nucleon-nucleon interaction in
vacuum. These relations provide two independent constraints on the Fermi liquid
parameters of nuclear matter. Moreover, the new constraints define two
combinations of Fermi liquid parameters, which are invariant under the
renormalization group flow in the particle-hole channels. Using empirical
values for the spin-independent Fermi liquid parameters, we are able to compute
the major spin-dependent ones by imposing the new constraints as well as the
Pauli principle sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74261 </DOCNO>
Instability of the Randall-Sundrum Model and Exact Bulk Solutions


  Five dimensional geodesic equation is used to study the gravitational force
acted on a test particle in the bulk of the Randall-Sundrum two-brane
model.This force could be interpreted as the gravitational attraction from
matters on the two branes and may cause the model to be unstable. By analogy
with star models in astrophysics, a fluid RS model is proposed in which the
bulk is filled with a fluid and this fluid has an anisotropic pressure to
balance the gravity from the two branes. Thus a class of exact bulk solutions
is obtained which shows that any 4D Einstein solution with a perfect fluid
source can be embedded in $y=$ constant hypersurfaces in the bulk to form an
equilibrium state of the brane model. By requiring a 4D effective curvature to
have a minimum, the compactification size of the extra dimension is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125290 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Dissociation of 8B and the Rate of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B


  In an effort to better determine the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction rate, we have
performed inclusive and exclusive measurements of the Coulomb dissociation of
8B. The former was a study of longitudinal momentum distributions of 7Be
fragments emitted in the Coulomb breakup of intermediate energy 8B beams on Pb
and Ag targets. Analysis of these data yielded the E2 contribution to the
breakup cross section. In the exclusive measurement, we determined the cross
section for the Coulomb breakup of 8B on Pb at low relative energies in order
to infer the astrophysical S factor for the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction.
Interpreting the measurements with 1st-order perturbation theory, we obtained
SE2/SE1 = 4.7 (+ 2.0,- 1.3) times 10^-4 at Erel = 0.6 MeV, and S17(0) = 17.8 (+
1.4,- 1.2) eV b. Semiclassical 1st-order perturbation theory and fully quantum
mechanical continuum-discretized coupled channels analyses yield nearly
identical results for the E1 strength relevant to solar neutrino flux
calculations, suggesting that theoretical reaction mechanism uncertainties need
not limit the precision of Coulomb breakup determinations of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B
S factor. A recommended value of S17(0) based on a weighted average of this and
other measurements is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168953 </DOCNO>
Phase-selective reversible quantum decoherence in cavity QED experiment


  New feasible cavity QED experiment is proposed to analyse reversible quantum
decoherence in consequence of quantum complementarity and entanglement.
Utilizing the phase selective manipulations with enviroment, it is demonstrated
how the complementarity particularly induces a preservation of visibility,
whereas quantum decoherence is more progressive due to pronounced entanglement
between system and enviroment. This effect can be directly observed using the
proposed cavity QED measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126256 </DOCNO>
Scale Dependence of Dark Energy Antigravity


  We investigate the effects of negative pressure induced by dark energy
(cosmological constant or quintessence) on the dynamics at various
astrophysical scales. Negative pressure induces a repulsive term (antigravity)
in Newton's law which dominates on large scales. Assuming a value of the
cosmological constant consistent with the recent SnIa data we determine the
critical scale $r_c$ beyond which antigravity dominates the dynamics ($r_c \sim
1Mpc $) and discuss some of the dynamical effects implied. We show that
dynamically induced mass estimates on the scale of the Local Group and beyond
are significantly modified due to negative pressure. We also briefly discuss
possible dynamical tests (eg effects on local Hubble flow) that can be applied
on relatively small scales (a few $Mpc$) to determine the density and equation
of state of dark energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3074 </DOCNO>
Boltzmann's Approach to Statistical Mechanics


  In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Ludwig Boltzmann explained how
irreversible macroscopic laws, in particular the second law of thermodynamics,
originate in the time-reversible laws of microscopic physics. Boltzmann's
analysis, the essence of which I shall review here, is basically correct. The
most famous criticisms of Boltzmann's later work on the subject have little
merit. Most twentieth century innovations -- such as the identification of the
state of a physical system with a probability distribution $\varrho$ on its
phase space, of its thermodynamic entropy with the Gibbs entropy of $\varrho$,
and the invocation of the notions of ergodicity and mixing for the
justification of the foundations of statistical mechanics -- are thoroughly
misguided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149876 </DOCNO>
Exact Solutions of Linearized Schwinger-Dyson Equation of Fermion


  The Schwinger-Dyson equation of fermion self-energy in the linearization
approximation is solved exactly in a theory with gauge and effective
four-fermion interactions. Different expressions for the indepedent solutions
which respectively submit to irregular and regular ultraviolet boundary
condition are derived and expounded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148760 </DOCNO>
Numerical Methods for the 3-dimensional 2-body Problem in the


  We develop two numerical methods to solve the differential equations with
deviating arguments for the motion of two charges in the action-at-a-distance
electrodynamics. Our first method uses St\"urmer's extrapolation formula and
assumes that a step of integration can be taken as a step of light ladder,
which limits its use to shallow energies. The second method is an improvement
of pre-existing iterative schemes, designed for stronger convergence and can be
used at high-energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3705 </DOCNO>
Studies of spin-orbit scattering in noble-metal nanoparticles using


  The effects of spin-orbit scattering on discrete electronic energy levels are
studied in copper, silver, and gold nanoparticles. Level-to-level fluctuations
of the effective $g$-factor for Zeeman splitting are characterized, and the
statistics are found to be well-described by random matrix theory predictions.
The strength of spin-orbit scattering increases with atomic number and also
varies between nanoparticles made of the same metal. The spin-orbit scattering
rates in the nanoparticles are in order-of-magnitude agreement with bulk
measurements on disordered samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74159 </DOCNO>
CP Violation, Sneutrino Oscillation and Neutrino Masses in R-parity


  In supersymmetric theories, sneutrino--anti-sneutrino mixing can occur with
the oscillation time $\sim 0.01$ ps corresponding the atmospheric neutrino mass
scale $\sim 0.05$ eV. We explore the possibility of observing sneutrino
oscillation phenomena and CP violation when R-parity violation explains the
observed neutrino masses and mixing. It is shown for some parameter region in
the bilinear model of R-parity violation that the tiny sneutrino mass splitting
and time-dependent CP violating asymmetries could be measured in the future
experiments if the tau sneutrino is the lightest supersymmetric particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179077 </DOCNO>
Relativistic corrections in (e,e'p) knockout reactions


  A consistent comparison between nonrelativistic and relativistic descriptions
of the (e,e'p) reaction is presented. We use the nonrelativistic DWEEPY code
and develop a fully relativistic model starting from the effective Pauli
reduction for the scattering state and the relativistic mean field theory for
the bound state. Results for the 16O(e,e'p) differential cross section and
structure functions are compared in various kinematical conditions. A limit in
energy of the validity of the nonrelativistic approach is established. The
effects of spinor distortion and of the effective momentum approximation for
the scattering state are discussed. A satisfactory agreement with data of
differential cross sections, structure functions, and polarization observables
is achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41677 </DOCNO>
Relations for two body B Decays to Charmonium and tests for


  The two body decays of $B_d$ and $B_s$ decays into $J/\psi M$, where $M$ is a
light meson, is studied under the very simple assumptions that the spectator
quark does not play a role in the decay of the weak heavy quark or antiquark.
This hypothesis leads to interesting relations between decay amplitudes. The
assumption of SU(3) symmetry leads to additional relations between the decay
amplitudes and in particular, the eight CP eigenstates $J/\psi K_S$, $J/\psi
\eta$, $J/\psi \eta^{\prime}$ and $J/\psi \pi^o$ are all given in terms of 0.
If agreement with experiment validates these assumptions the parameters over
determined by the results will give information about the ratio of penguin to
tree contributions to the "golden channel" $B^o \to J/\psi K_S$ decay and will
provide tests for the standard $\eta-\eta^{\prime}$ mixing, which assumes that
this mixing is determined by a single mixing angle, as well as determine the
value of the mixing angle. We also present tests of the standard
$\eta-\eta^{\prime}$ mixing involving semileptonic $D$ decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149838 </DOCNO>
Gauge Fields and Space-Time


  In this article I attempt to collect some ideas,opinions and formulae which
may be useful in solving the problem of gauge/ string / space-time
correspondence This includes the validity of D-brane representation, counting
of gauge-invariant words, relations between the null states and the Yang-Mills
equations and the discussion of the strong coupling limit of the string sigma
model. The article is based on the talk given at the "Odyssey 2001" conference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4514 </DOCNO>
Pair contact process with a particle source


  We study the phase diagram and critical behavior of the one-dimensional pair
contact process (PCP) with a particle source using cluster approximations and
extensive simulations. The source creates isolated particles only, not pairs,
and so couples not to the order parameter (the pair density) but to a
non-ordering field, whose state influences the evolution of the order
parameter. While the critical point p_c shows a singular dependence on the
source intensity, the critical exponents appear to be unaffected by the
presence of the source, except possibly for a small change in beta. In the
course of our study we obtain high-precision values for the critical exponents
of the standard PCP, confirming directed-percolation-like scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126999 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Star Formation Studies with Mid-Infrared Instruments on


  Imaging and spectroscopic observations in the mid-infrared wavelength range
(5$\mu$m--30$\mu$m) offer valuable insight into the origins of stars and
planets. Sensitive new array detectors on 8-meter class telescopes make it
possible to study a wide range of phenomena, from protoplanetary disks to
starburst galaxies, in unprecedented detail. I review the capablities of
ground-based mid-infrared instruments (e.g., high spatial resolution) and their
limitations (e.g., poor sensitivity, small field of view) using several
examples in the field of star formation, and discuss prospects for the near
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73889 </DOCNO>
Naturally Light Neutrinos and Unification in Theories with Low Scale


  Within low scale theories traditional see-saw and scalar triplet mechanisms,
for neutrino mass suppression, do not work out anymore and for realistic model
building some new ideas are needed. In this paper we suggest mechanism,
different from existing ones, which provides natural suppression of the
neutrino masses. The mechanism is realized through extended scalars of 4, 5 or
6 dimensional $SU(2)_L$ multiplets. Scenario, with fundamental mass scale $M_f$
in a $\sim 10^{3}$ TeV range, requires 4-plets guaranteeing neutrino masses
$\stackrel{<}{\sim}1$ eV. For theories with $M_f= few \cdot 10$ TeV
5-plets should be involved, while in scenarios with $M_f=$ few TeV, 6-plets
could be efficient.
  The considered mechanism could be successfully applied also for
supersymmetric theories, building scenarios with various values of low $M_f$.
  Within considered models we also address the question of gauge coupling
unification. For low scale unification, existence of compact extra dimensions
turns out to be crucial. Due to additional scalar multiplets, some new examples
of unification are found for both - non SUSY and SUSY cases. Within non SUSY
scenarios introduced $SU(2)_L$ scalars take advantage and are important for
successful unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125985 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of Globular Clusters in M49 and M87


  We present recent multi-object spectroscopy of globular clusters in the Virgo
gEs M49 and M87. In M49, we have a total of 144 confirmed clusters out to 8
arcmin radius (~6 R_eff or 35 kpc). We find that the blue (metal-poor) clusters
have both a higher velocity dispersion and rotation than the red (metal-poor)
clusters. For the metal-rich population we place an upper limit of
(v/sigma)_proj < 0.34 at 99% confidence. We calculate the velocity dispersion
as a function of radius, and show that this is consistent with isotropic
cluster orbits and the M49 mass distribution determined from X-ray data. For
M87, we combine new CFHT data with previous data to obtain a total sample of
278 clusters out to 10 arcmin radius (~45 kpc). We find a similar global
rotation for the metal-poor and metal-rich clusters of 160-170 km/sec. Beyond ~
2 R_eff (15 kpc), both the metal-poor and metal-rich clusters appear to rotate
about the photometric minor axis. The combined cluster sample is consistent
with isotropic orbits, but when considered separately, the metal-poor clusters
show significant tangential bias of beta_cl ~ -0.4, while the metal-rich
clusters show a radial bias with beta_cl ~ +0.4. In both galaxies, the
metal-rich and metal-poor clusters share different kinematics, but there is no
clear preference for any one formation scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169266 </DOCNO>
Reconstructing the formalism of quantum mechanics in the ``contextual


  In a previous preprint (quant-ph/0012122) we introduced a ``contextual
objectivity" formulation of quantum mechanics (QM). A central feature of this
approach is to define the quantum state in physical rather than in mathematical
terms, in such a way that it may be given an "objective reality". Here we use
some ideas about the system dimensionality, taken from quant-ph/0101012, to
propose a possible axiomatic approach to QM. In this approach the structure of
QM appears as a direct consequence of the non-commutative character of the
(classical geometrical) group of "knobs transformations", that relate between
themselves the different positions of the measurement apparatus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126027 </DOCNO>
Wide-field tracking with zenth-pointing telescopes


  Equipped with a suitable optical relay system, telescopes employing low-cost
fixed primary mirrors could point and track while delivering high-quality
images to a fixed location. Such an optical tracking system would enable
liquid-mirror telescopes to access a large area of sky and employ infrared
detectors and adaptive optics. Such telescopes could also form the elements of
an array in which light is combined either incoherently or interferometrically.
Tracking of an extended field requires correction of all aberrations including
distortion, field curvature and tilt. A specific design is developed that
allows a 10-metre liquid-mirror telescope to track objects for as long as 30
minutes and to point as far as 4 degrees from the zenith, delivering a
distortion-free diffraction-limited image to a stationary detector,
spectrograph, or interferometric beam combiner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99116 </DOCNO>
An example of a non-cofibrantly generated model category


  We show that the model category of diagrams of spaces generated by a proper
class of orbits is not cofibrantly generated. In particular the category of
maps between spaces may be given a non-cofibrantly generated model structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125786 </DOCNO>
Kinematic properties of gas and stars in 20 disc galaxies


  Ionized gas and stellar kinematical parameters have been measured along the
major axis of 20 nearby disc galaxies. We discuss the properties of each sample
galaxy distinguishing between those characterized by regular or peculiar
kinematics. In early-type disc galaxies ionized gas tends to rotate faster than
stars and to have a lower velocity dispersion, whereas in late-type spirals gas
and stars show almost the same rotation velocities and velocity dispersions.
Incorporating the early-type disc galaxies studied by Bertola et al. (1995),
Fisher (1997) and Corsini et al. (1999), we have compiled a sample of some 40
galaxies for which the major-axis radial profiles of both the stellar and
gaseous components have been measured. The value of the stellar velocity
dispersion measured at Re/4 turns out to be strongly correlated with the galaxy
morphological type, while the gaseous velocity dispersion is not and sometimes
takes values above the range expected from thermal motions or small-scale
turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1749 </DOCNO>
Exciton trapping in magnetic wire structures


  The lateral magnetic confinement of quasi two-dimensional excitons into wire
like structures is studied. Spin effects are take into account and two
different magnetic field profiles are considered, which experimentally can be
created by the deposition of a ferromagnetic stripe on a semiconductor quantum
well with magnetization parallel or perpendicular to the grown direction of the
well. We find that it is possible to confine excitons into one-dimensional (1D)
traps. We show that the dependence of the confinement energy on the exciton
wave vector, which is related to its free direction of motion along the wire
direction, is very small. Through the application of a background magnetic
field it is possible to move the position of the trapping region towards the
edge of the ferromagnetic stripe or even underneath the stripe. The exact
position of this 1D exciton channel depends on the strength of the background
magnetic field and on the magnetic polarisation direction of the ferromagnetic
film.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124662 </DOCNO>
The Early Formation, Evolution and Age of the Neutron-Capture Elements


  Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e.,
r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These
observations demonstrate that the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy,
responsible for neutron-capture synthesis and the progenitors of the halo
stars, were rapidly evolving. Abundance comparisons among several halo stars
show that the heaviest neutron-capture elements (including Ba and heavier) are
consistent with a scaled solar system r-process abundance distribution, while
the lighter such elements do not conform to the solar pattern. These
comparisons suggest two r-process sites or at least two different sets of
astrophysical conditions. The large star-to-star scatter observed in the
neutron-capture/iron ratios at low metallicities -- which disappears with
increasing [Fe/H] -- suggests an early, chemically unmixed and inhomogeneous
Galaxy. The stellar abundances indicate a change from the r-process to the slow
neutron capture (i.e., s-) process at higher metallicities in the Galaxy. The
detection of thorium in halo and globular cluster stars offers a promising,
independent age-dating technique that can put lower limits on the age of the
Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168890 </DOCNO>
Mindless Sensationalism: A Quantum Framework for Consciousness


  The ideas of Sensible Quantum Mechanics are expressed in lay terms for
philosophers of consciousness and others. A framework is proposed and explained
for the `psycho-physical-parallelism' between conscious experiences and the
mathematical structures of quantum physics (e.g., a set of quantum operators
obeying some algebra, and a quantum state giving the expectation value of each
operator). In particular, it is proposed that each set of possible conscious
experiences has a measure given by the expectation value of a corresponding
operator (a positive-operator-valued measure). Then one has a generalization of
the Weak Anthropic Principle named the Conditional Aesthemic Principle: given
that we are conscious beings, our conscious experiences are likely to be
typical experiences in the set of all conscious experiences with its measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3855 </DOCNO>
On the correlation energies for two interacting electrons in a parabolic


  The correlation energies for two interacting electrons in a parabolic quantum
dot are studied via a pseudo-perturbation recipe. It is shown that the central
spike term, ($m^2-1/4)/r^2$, plays a distinctive role in determining the
spectral properties of the above problem. The study is carried out for a wide
range of the Coulomb coupling strength $\lambda$ relative to the confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81459 </DOCNO>
Investigating QCD Vacuum on the lattice


  Investigations on the structure of QCD vacuum from first principles can be
done on the lattice. The mechanism of confinement is an example: results from
lattice on it are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148630 </DOCNO>
Duality Equivalence Between Self-Dual And Topologically Massive


  The non-abelian version of the self-dual model proposed by Townsend, Pilch
and van Nieuwenhuizen presents some well known difficulties not found in the
abelian case, such as well defined duality operation leading to self-duality
and dual equivalence with the Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory, for the full
range of the coupling constant. These questions are tackled in this work using
a distinct gauge lifting technique that is alternative to the master action
approach first proposed by Deser and Jackiw. The master action, which has
proved useful in exhibiting the dual equivalence between theories in diverse
dimensions, runs into trouble when dealing with the non-abelian case apart from
the weak coupling regime. This new dualization technique on the other hand, is
insensitive of the non-abelian character of the theory and generalize
straightforwardly from the abelian case. It also leads, in a simple manner, to
the dual equivalence for the case of couplings with dynamical fermionic matter
fields. As an application, we discuss the consequences of this dual equivalence
in the context of 3D non-abelian bosonization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168263 </DOCNO>
Preparation of Schr\"odinger cat states with cold ions beyond the


  A scheme for preparing Schr\"odinger cat (SC) states is proposed beyond the
Lamb-Dicke limit in a Raman-$\Lambda$-type configuration. It is shown that SC
states can be obtained more efficiently with our scheme than with the former
ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76042 </DOCNO>
SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X as an SU(6) X U(1)_X subgroup


  An extension of the Standard Model to the local gauge group SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L
X U(1)_X as a family independent model is presented. The mass scales, the gauge
boson masses and the masses for the spin 1/2 particles in the model are
studied. The mass differences between the up and down quark sectors, between
the quarks and leptons, and between the charged and neutral leptons in one
family are analyzed. The existence of two Dirac neutrinos for each family, one
light and one very heavy, is predicted. By using experimental results from LEP,
SLC and atomic parity violation we constrain the mixing angle between the two
neutral currents and the mass of the additoinal neutral gauge boson to be
0.00013 \leq sin{\theta} \leq 0 and 1.5 TeV \leq M_Z2 at 95% CL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129244 </DOCNO>
From old Globular Clusters to early Structures in the Universe: the


  Old, metal-poor globular clusters trace the formation and evolution of
early-type galaxies. Their are the best probes, at low redshift, of the
building-up of galaxy halos at high redshift. Their properties constrain the
characteristics of their progenitors. Recent results suggest that DLAs at z>3
are the likely hosts for their formation. Finally, they shed light on the old,
metal-poor halos probably present around all early-type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6525 </DOCNO>
Ultrafast Spin Dynamics in GaAs/GaSb/InAs Heterostructures Probed by


  We report the first application of pump-probe second harmonic generation
(SHG) measurements to characterize optically-induced magnetization in
non-magnetic multilayer semiconductors. In the experiment, coherent spins are
selectively excited by a pump beam in the GaAs layer of GaAs/GaSb/InAs
structures. However, the resulting net magnetization manifests itself through
the induced SHG probe signal from the GaSb/InAs interface, thus indicating a
coherent spin transport across the heterostructure. We find that the
magnetization dynamics is governed by an interplay between the spin density
evolution at the interfaces and the spin dephasing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73927 </DOCNO>
Non-zero Quark Modes Contribution to the QCD-Instanton-Induced Deep


  Instanton-induced deep-inelastic processes are considered. Unlike previous
results we calculate nonzero quark modes contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2042 </DOCNO>
Non-monotonic magnetic field and density dependence of in-plane


  We studied low temperature (T=50mK) in-plane magnetoresistance of a dilute
two-dimensional hole system in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure that exhibits an
apparent metal-insulator transition. We found an anisotropic magnetoresistance,
which changes dramatically at high in-plane fields ($B_{\parallel}\agt$5T) as
the hole density is varied. At high densities where the system behaves metallic
at $B_{\parallel}=0$, the transverse magnetoresistance is larger than the
longitudinal magnetoresistance. With decreasing the hole density the difference
becomes progressively smaller, and at densities near the "critical" density and
lower, the longitudinal magnetoresistance becomes larger than the transverse
magnetoresistance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113346 </DOCNO>
100 Years of the Quantum


  As quantum theory celebrates its 100th birthday, spectacular successes are
mixed with outstanding puzzles and promises of new technologies. This article
reviews both the successes of quantum theory and the ongoing debate about its
consequences for issues ranging from quantum computation to consciousness,
parallel universes and the nature of physical reality. We argue that modern
experiments and the discovery of decoherence have have shifted prevailing
quantum interpretations away from wave function collapse towards unitary
physics, and discuss quantum processes in the framework of a tripartite
subject-object-environment decomposition. We conclude with some speculations on
the bigger picture and the search for a unified theory of quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126529 </DOCNO>
High-resolution rotation curves of low surface brightness galaxies: Data


  We present long slit Halpha observations of 50 low surface brightness
galaxies. Of these, 36 are of sufficient quality to form rotation curves. These
data provide a large increase in the number of low surface brightness galaxies
for which accurate rotation curves are available. They also represent an order
of magnitude improvement in spatial resolution over previous 21 cm studies (1"
to 2" instead of 13" to 45"). The improved resolution and accuracy of the data
extend and strengthen the scientific conclusions previously inferred from 21 cm
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150292 </DOCNO>
Towards Vacuum Superstring Field Theory: The Supersliver


  We extend some aspects of vacuum string field theory to superstring field
theory in Berkovits' formulation, and we study the star algebra in the
fermionic matter sector. After clarifying the structure of the interaction
vertex in the operator formalism of Gross and Jevicki, we provide an algebraic
construction of the supersliver state in terms of infinite-dimensional
matrices. This state is an idempotent string field and solves the matter part
of the equation of motion of superstring field theory with a pure ghost BRST
operator. We determine the spectrum of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the
infinite-dimensional matrices of Neumann coefficients in the fermionic matter
sector. We then analyze coherent states based on the supersliver and use them
in order to construct higher-rank projector solutions, as well as to construct
closed subalgebras of the star algebra in the fermionic matter sector. Finally,
we show that the geometric supersliver is a solution to the superstring field
theory equations of motion, including the (super)ghost sector, with the
canonical choice of vacuum BRST operator recently proposed by Gaiotto,
Rastelli, Sen and Zwiebach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76956 </DOCNO>
Transverse Momentum Distribution in B Mesons in the Heavy-quark Limit:


  In the heavy-quark limit, the valence Fock-state components in the B mesons
are described by a set of two light-cone wavefunctions. We show that these two
wavefunctions obey simple coupled differential equations, which are based on
the equations of motion in the Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET), and give
the corresponding analytic solution. The results generalize the recently
obtained longitudinal-momentum distribution in the Wandzura-Wilczek
approximation by including the transverse momenta. We find that the transverse
momentum distribution depends on the longitudinal momentum of the constituents,
and that the wavefunctions damp very slowly for large transverse separation
between quark and antiquark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169228 </DOCNO>
Conditional generation of N-photon entangled states of light


  We propose a scheme for conditional generation of two-mode N-photon
path-entangled states of traveling light field. These states may find
applications in quantum optical lithography and they may be used to improve the
sensitivity of interferometric measurements. Our method requires only
single-photon sources, linear optics (beam splitters and phase shifters), and
photodetectors with single photon sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7303 </DOCNO>
Crackling Noise, Power Spectra and Disorder Induced Critical Scaling


  Crackling noise is observed in many disordered non-equilibrium systems in
response to slowly changing external conditions. Examples range from Barkhausen
noise in magnets to acoustic emission in martensites to earthquakes. Using the
non-equilibrium random field Ising model, we derive universal scaling
predictions for the dependence of the associated power spectra on the disorder
and field sweep rate, near an underlying disorder-induced non-equilibrium
critical point. Our theory applies to certain systems in which the crackling
noise results from avalanche-like response to a (slowly) increasing external
driving force, and is characterized by a broad power law scaling regime of the
power spectra. We compute the critical exponents and discuss the relevance of
the results to experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 433 </DOCNO>
Multifractal Measures in Iterative Maps


  We investigate chaotic and multi-fractal properties of a two parameter map of
the unit interval onto itself -- the Kim-Kong map. These results are compared
with similar properties in well known one parameter maps of the unit interval
onto itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126379 </DOCNO>
QSO hosts and companions at higher redshifts


  This review presents the current state of work on QSO hosts and companions at
redshifts above 1. This includes the properties of QSO host galaxies, such as
size, scale length, and luminosity, and morphology, as they appear to change
with redshift and radio activity. This leads to a view of how the properties of
galaxies that host QSOs change with cosmic time. I also review studies of the
galaxy companions to QSOs at higher redshifts, and studies of the emission line
gas in and around higher redshift QSOs. These topics should see great progress
in the next decade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124488 </DOCNO>
Submillimeter CO emission from shock-heated gas in the L1157 outflow


  We present the CO J=6-5, 4-3, and 3-2 spectra from the blueshifted gas of the
outflow driven by the low-mass class 0 protostar in the L1157 dark cloud.
Strong submillimeter CO emission lines with T_mb > 30 K have been detected at
63" (~0.13 pc) south from the protostar. It is remarkable that the blue wings
in the submillimeter lines are stronger by a factor of 3-4 than that of the CO
J=1-0 emission line. The CO line ratios suggest that the blueshifted lobe of
this outflow consists of moderately dense gas of n(H_2) = (1-3)x10^4 cm^-3
heated to T_kin = 50-170 K.It is also suggested that the kinetic temperature of
the outflowing gas increases from ~80 K near the protostar to ~170 K at the
shocked region in the lobe center, toward which the largest velocity dispersion
of the CO emission is observed. A remarkable correlation between the kinetic
temperature and velocity dispersion of the CO emission along the lobe provides
us with direct evidence that the molecular gas at the head of the jet-driven
bow shock is indeed heated kinematically. The lower temperature of ~80 K
measured at the other shocked region near the end of the lobe is explained if
this shock is in a later evolutionary stage, in which the gas has been cooled
mainly through radiation of the CO rotational lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149007 </DOCNO>
The Entropy of 4D Black Holes and the Enhancon


  We consider the physics of enhancons as applied to four dimensional black
holes which are constructed by wrapping both D-branes and NS-branes on K3. As
was recently shown for the five dimensional black holes, the enhancon is
crucial in maintaining consistency with the second law of thermodynamics. This
is true for both the D-brane and NS-brane sectors of these black holes. In
particular NS5-branes in both type IIA and IIB string theory are found to
exhibit enhancon physics when wrapped on a K3 manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126050 </DOCNO>
Observation of Excess Flux for Negative Cosmic Ray Penetrating Particles


  There are presented the first results of the new heavy stable cosmic ray
particles search in the bubble chamber "SKAT", exposed in the neutrino beam of
Serpukhov Accelerator during 1976-1992. For momentum range (30-150GeV/c) it was
observed negative particles excess flux after looking over 3,000 such stills.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149336 </DOCNO>
Exact amplitudes in four dimensional non-critical string theories


  The large Nc expansion of N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with gauge
group SU(Nc) has recently been shown to break down at singularities on the
moduli space. We conjecture that by taking Nc to infinity and approaching the
singularities in a correlated way, all the observables of the theory have a
finite universal limit yielding amplitudes in string theories dual to field
theories describing the light degrees of freedom. We explicitly calculate the
amplitudes corresponding to the Seiberg-Witten period integrals for an A_{n-1}
series of multicritical points as well as for other critical points exhibiting
a scaling reminiscent of the c=1 matrix model. Our results extend the matrix
model approach to non-critical strings in less than one dimension to
non-critical strings in four dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4721 </DOCNO>
Signatures of the correlation hole in total and partial cross sections


  In a complex scattering system with few open channels, say a quantum dot with
leads, the correlation properties of the poles of the scattering matrix are
most directly related to the internal dynamics of the system. We may ask how to
extract these properties from an analysis of cross sections. In general this is
very difficult, if we leave the domain of isolated resonances. We propose to
consider the cross correlation function of two different elastic or total cross
sections. For these we can show numerically and to some extent also
analytically a significant dependence on the correlations between the
scattering poles. The difference between uncorrelated and strongly correlated
poles is clearly visible, even for strongly overlapping resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127691 </DOCNO>
The optical afterglow of GRB 000911: evidence for an associated


  We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of the late afterglow
of GRB 000911, starting ~1 day after the burst event and lasting ~8 weeks. We
detect a moderately significant re-brightening in the R, I and J lightcurves,
associated with a sizable reddening of the spectrum. This can be explained
through the presence of an underlying supernova, outshining the afterglow ~30
days after the burst event. Alternative explanations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98059 </DOCNO>
Restricted permutations related to Fibonacci numbers and k-generalized


  We give enumerations of various families of restricted permutations involving
the Fibonacci numbers or k-generalized Fibonacci numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179218 </DOCNO>
J/psi suppression at SPS and RHIC in the comovers approach


  The NA50 collaboration data on the $J/\psi$ suppression are compared with the
results obtained in a comovers approach based on the Dual Parton Model (DPM).
Predictions for the $J/\psi$ suppression versus the charged multiplicity -
measured in the rapidity region of the dimuon trigger - are given for SPS and
RHIC energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75896 </DOCNO>
Effective chiral theory of large N_C QCD of mesons


  En effective chiral theory of large N_C QCD of pseudoscalar, vector, and
axial-vector mesons is reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97327 </DOCNO>
Contact toric manifolds


  We complete the classification of compact connected contact toric manifolds
initiated by Banyaga and Molino and by Galicki and Boyer. As an application we
prove the conjectures of Toth and Zelditch on toric integrable systems on the
n-torus and the 2-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83936 </DOCNO>
Set Unification


  The goal of this paper is to provide a uniform overview of the unification
problem in algebras capable of describing sets. The problem has been tackled,
directly and indirectly, by many researchers and it can find important
applications in various research areas - e.g., deductive databases, theorem
proving, static analysis, rapid software prototyping. The problem has been
explored in depth, but the various solutions proposed are spread across a large
literature, and some of the approaches have been ignored and/or rediscovered by
different researchers.
  In this paper we provide a uniform presentation of unification of sets,
starting with the simpler instances of the problem -e.g., matching of
completely ground terms - and proceeding to progressively more complex problems
- e.g., unification between general ACI terms.
  The algorithms presented are partly drawn from the literature - and properly
revisited and analyzed - and partly novel proposals. In particular we present a
new goal-driven algorithm for general ACI unification and a new algorithm (with
a simple termination proof) for general (Ab)(Cl) unification. However, the
major contribution of this work is to provide the first uniform presentation of
the problem, covering all its different instances, and surveying the different
solutions developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2733 </DOCNO>
Bonding Nature in MgB2


  The accurate charge density of MgB2 was observed at room temperature(R.T.)
and 15K by the MEM(Maximum Entropy Method)/Rietveld analysis using synchrotron
radiation powder data. The obtained charge density clearly revealed the
covalent bonding feature of boron forming the 2D honeycomb network in the basal
plane, on the other hand, Mg is found to be in divalent state. A subtle but
clear charge concentration was found on boron 2D sheets at 15K, which should be
relating to superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98050 </DOCNO>
Poincar\'{e} series and monodromy of a two-dimensional quasihomogeneous


  A relation is proved between the Poincar\'{e} series of the coordinate
algebra of a two-dimensional quasihomogeneous isolated hypersurface singularity
and the characteristic polynomial of its monodromy operator. For a Kleinian
singularity not of type $A_{2n}$, this amounts to the statement that the
Poincar\'{e} series is the quotient of the characteristic polynomial of the
Coxeter element by the characteristic polynomial of the affine Coxeter element
of the corresponding root system. We show that this result also follows from
the McKay correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76804 </DOCNO>
Neutrino and astroparticle physics : Working group report


  The contributions made to the Working Group activities on neutrino and
astroparticle physics are summarised in this article. The topics discussed were
leptogenesis in Left-Right symmetric model, inflationary models in
Raman-Sundrum scenarios, ultra high energy cosmic rays and neutrino
oscillations in 4 flavour and decaying neutrino models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1274 </DOCNO>
Charged exctions in the fractional quantum Hall regime


  We study the photoluminescence spectrum of a low density ($\nu <1$)
two-dimensional electron gas at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. We
find that the spectrum in the fractional quantum Hall regime can be understood
in terms of singlet and triplet charged-excitons. We show that these spectral
lines are sensitive probes for the electrons compressibility. We identify the
dark triplet charged-exciton and show that it is visible at the spectrum at
$T<2$ K. We find that its binding energy scales like $e^{2}/l $, where $l$ is
the magnetic length, and it crosses the singlet slightly above 15 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114328 </DOCNO>
The SNS Cryogenic Control System: Experiences in Collaboration


  The cryogenic system for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is designed by
Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) personnel and is based on the existing JLab
facility. Our task is to use the JLab control system design [2] as much as
practical while remaining consistent with SNS control system standards. Some
aspects of the systems are very similar, including equipment to be controlled,
the need for PID loops and automatic sequences, and the use of EPICS. There are
differences in device naming, system hardware, and software tools. The
cryogenic system is the first SNS system to be developed using SNS standards.
This paper reports on our experiences in integrating the new and the old.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 340 </DOCNO>
On first-order phase transition in microcanonical and canonical


  Two examples of Microcanonical Potts models, 2-dimensional nearest neighbor
and mean field, are considered via exact enumeration of states and analytical
asymptotic methods. In the interval of energies corresponding to a first order
phase transition, both of these models exhibit a convex dip in the entropy vs
energy plot and a region with negative specific heat within the dip. It is
observed that in the nearest neighbor model the dip flattens and disappears as
the lattice size grows, while in the mean field model the dip persists even in
the limit of an infinite system. If formal transitions from microcanonical to
canonical ensembles and back are performed for an infinite but non-extensive
system, the convex dip in the microcanonical entropy plot disappears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3481 </DOCNO>
Conductance fluctuations and boundary conditions


  The conductance fluctuations for various types for two-- and
three--dimensional disordered systems with hard wall and periodic boundary
conditions are studied, all the way from the ballistic (metallic) regime to the
localized regime. It is shown that the universal conductance fluctuations (UCF)
depend on the boundary conditions. The same holds for the metal to insulator
transition. The conditions for observing the UCF are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96138 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic Completeness for Rayleigh Scattering


  It is expected that the state of an atom or molecule, initially put into an
excited state with an energy below the ionization threshold, relaxes to a
groundstate by spontaneous emission of photons which propagate to spatial
infinity. In this paper, this picture is established for a large class of
models of non-relativistic atoms and molecules coupled to the quantized
radiation field, but with the simplifying feature that an (arbitrarily tiny,
but positive) infrared cutoff is imposed on the interaction Hamiltonian.
  This result relies on a proof of asymptotic completeness for Rayleigh
scattering of light on an atom. We establish asymptotic completeness of
Rayleigh scattering for a class of model Hamiltonians with the features that
the atomic Hamiltonian has point spectrum coexisting with absolutely continuous
spectrum, and that either an infrared cutoff is imposed on the interaction
Hamiltonian or photons are treated as massive particles.
  We show that, for models of massless photons, the spectrum of the Hamiltonian
strictly below the ionization threshold is purely continuous, except for the
groundstate energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72524 </DOCNO>
Simplifying Algebra in Feynman Graphs, Part III: Massive Vectors


  A T-dualized selfdual inspired formulation of massive vector fields coupled
to arbitrary matter is generated; subsequently its perturbative series modeling
a spontaneously broken gauge theory is analyzed. The new Feynman rules and
external line factors are chirally minimized in the sense that only one type of
spin index occurs in the rules. Several processes are examined in detail and
the cross-sections formulated in this approach. A double line formulation of
the Lorentz algebra for Feynman diagrams is produced in this formalism, similar
to color ordering, which follows from a spin ordering of the Feynman rules. The
new double line formalism leads to further minimization of gauge invariant
scattering in perturbation theory. The dualized electroweak model is also
generated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128244 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Blow-out in the Low-mass Dwarf Galaxy Holmberg I


  We present radio and optical observations of Holmberg I (HoI), a member of
the M81 group of galaxies (distance 3.6Mpc). HoI is a low-mass, low surface-
brightness dwarf galaxy. High-resolution multi-array VLA HI observations reveal
a supergiant shell (diameter: 1.7 kpc) which covers about half the optical
extent of HoI and which comprises 75% of the total HI content (total HI mass:
1.1 10^8 M_o). We set a tentative upper limit to the dark matter content of <
3.1 10^8 M_o. The HI data are complemented by deep, optical UBV(RI)_c and
Halpha observations obtained at the Calar Alto 2.2m telescope. We find M_HI/L_B
= 1.1 M_o/L_B_o. The total visible (stars plus gas) mass of HoI adds up to 2.4
10^8 M_o. This leads to a total mass of < 5.5 10^8 M_o. The origin of HoI's
peculiar HI morphology is discussed in terms of a supergiant shell created by
strong stellar winds and supernova explosions (energy: equiv. 20-260 type II
SN; age: 80+-20 Myr). The morphological center of HoI is offset by 0.75 kpc
with respect to the dynamical center. Within the interior of the shell the
light distribution is exponential with a rather shallow gradient and blue
optical colors. Beyond a radius corresponding to an HI column density of 10^21
cm^-2, the putative star formation (SF) threshold, the disk becomes
considerably redder and the slope for the exponential light distribution
steepens. It is speculated that a generation of stars (age 15-30 Myr) is the
result of secondary SF on the rim of the shell. Based on the global morphology
and velocity dispersion as well as the location of the HII regions we find
evidence for ram pressure within the M81 group. Finally, we discuss the
likelihood of HoI having lost some of its interstellar material to the
intergalactic medium (''blow-out'' scenario).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7519 </DOCNO>
Which is the temperature of granular systems? A mean field model of free


  We consider a mean field model describing the free cooling process of a two
component granular mixture, a generalization of so called Maxwell model. The
cooling is viewed as an ordering process and the scaling behavior is attributed
to the presence of an attractive fixed point at $v=0$ for the dynamics. By
means of asymptotic analysis of the Boltzmann equation and of numerical
simulations we get the following results: 1)we establish the existence of two
different partial granular temperatures, one for each component, which violates
the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics; 2) we obtain the scaling form of the two
distribution functions; 3) we prove the existence of a continuous spectrum of
exponents characterizing the inverse-power law decay of the tails of the
velocity, which generalizes the previously reported value 4 for the pure model;
4) we find that the exponents depend on the composition, masses and restitution
coefficients of the mixture; 5) we also remark that the reported distributions
represent a dynamical realization of those predicted by the Non Extensive
Statistical Mechanics, in spite of the fact that ours stem from a purely
dynamical approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41129 </DOCNO>
A new three flavor oscillation solution of the solar neutrino deficit in


  We present a solution of the solar neutrino deficit using three flavors of
neutrinos within the R-parity non-conserving supersymmetric model. In vacuum,
mass and mixing is restricted to the nu(mu)-nu(tau) sector only, which we
choose in consistency with the requirements of the atmospheric neutrino
anomaly. The nu(e) is massless and unmixed. The flavor changing and flavor
diagonal neutral currents present in the model and an energy-dependent
resonance-induced nu(e)-nu(mu) mixing in the sun result in the new solution to
the solar neutrino problem. The best fit to the solar neutrino rates and
spectrum (1258-day SK data) requires a mass square difference of 10^{-5} eV^2
in vacuum between the two lightest neutrinos. This solution cannot accommodate
a significant day-night effect for solar neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127615 </DOCNO>
M2000 : an astrometric catalog in the Bordeaux Carte du Ciel zone +11


  During four years, systematic observations have been conducted in drift scan
mode with the Bordeaux automated meridian circle in the declination band [+11 ;
+18]. The resulting astrometric catalog includes about 2 300 000 stars down to
the magnitude limit V_M=16.3. Nearly all stars (96%) have been observed at
least 6 times, the catalog being complete down to V_M=15.4. The median internal
standard error in position is about 35 mas in the V_M magnitude range [11 ;
15], which degrades to about 50 mas when the faintest stars are considered.
M2000 provides also one band photometry with a median internal standard error
of 0.04 mag. Comparisons with the Hipparcos and bright part of Tycho-2 catalogs
have enabled to estimate external errors in position to be lower than 40 mas.
In this zone and at epoch 1998, the faint part of Tycho-2 is found to have an
accuracy of 116 mas in alpha instead of 82 mas deduced from the model-based
standard errors given in the catalog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179194 </DOCNO>
Polarization observables in p-d scattering below 30 MeV


  Differential and total breakup cross sections as well as vector and tensor
analyzing powers for p-d scattering are studied for energies above the deuteron
breakup threshold up to E(lab)=28 MeV. The p-d scattering wave function is
expanded in terms of the correlated hyperspherical harmonic basis and the
elastic S-matrix is obtained using the Kohn variational principle in its
complex form. The effects of the Coulomb interaction, which are expected to be
important in this energy range, have been rigorously taken into account. The
Argonne AV18 interaction and the Urbana URIX three-nucleon potential have been
used to perform a comparison to the available experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3905 </DOCNO>
Statistical Features of Drainage Basins in Mars Channel Networks


  Erosion by flowing water is one of the major forces shaping the surface of
Earth. Studies in the last decade have shown, in particular, that the drainage
region of rivers, where water is collected, exhibits scale invariant features
characterized by exponents that are the same for rivers around the world. Here
we show that from the data obtained by the MOLA altimeter of the Mars Global
Surveyor one can perform the same analysis for mountain sides on Mars. We then
show that in some regions fluid erosion might have played a role in the present
martian landscape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5948 </DOCNO>
Semi-Flexible Polymer in a Uniform Force Field in Two Dimensions


  The conformational properties of a semi-flexible polymer chain, anchored at
one end in a uniform force field, are studied in a simple two-dimensional
model. Recursion relations are derived for the partition function and then
iterated numerically. We calculate the angular fluctuations of the polymer
about the direction of the force field and the average polymer configuration as
functions of the bending rigidity, chain length, chain orientation at the
anchoring point, and field strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40802 </DOCNO>
Jet Physics at HERA


  Jet production in electron-proton collisions at HERA provides a unique
testing ground for Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Apart from the determination
of the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s$, ep jet data may especially be used
to gain insight into the dynamics of the exchanged parton cascade, whose
structure is probed by the high-$E_T$ dijet system; thus information on the
parton content of the proton and (quasi-)-real and virtual photons is obtained.
This report touches some of these aspects revealed in recent jet data from the
HERA experiments which are testing perturbative QCD at the limits of
applicability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72591 </DOCNO>
Introduction to QCD Sum Rule Approach


  In these lectures, I describe the techniques used within the QCD sum rule
approach. The basic concepts of the approach are introduced using a simple
model of quantum-mechanical oscillator in 2+1 dimensions. Then I discuss their
field-theoretical extension and the construction of the operator product
expansion for current correlators in QCD. The calculation of static parameters
is illustrated on the example of sum rules in the vector and axial meson
channels. Finally, the QCD sum rule calculation of the pion electromagnetic
form factor is presented as an example of application of the method to dynamic
characteristics of the hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179642 </DOCNO>
Resonances and Quantum Scattering for the Morse Potential as a Barrier


  Quantum scattering in the presence of a potential valley followed by a
barrier is examined for the case of a Morse potential, for which exact analytic
solutions to the Schr\UNICODE{0xf6}dinger equation are known in terms of
confluent hypergeometric functions. For our application the potential is
characterized by three parameters: the height of the barrier, the distance of
the barrier from the origin of the radial variable $r,$ and a diffuseness
parameter. The wave function, defined in the interval $0\leq r<\infty ,$ is
required to vanish at $r=0,$ and hence represents a radial partial wave for
zero angular momentum. The vanishing at $r=0$ requires a special combination of
hypergeometric functions, and can lead to resonances for incident energies
which occur below the top of the barrier. Numerical values for the analytical
phase shifts are presented in and outside the resonant regions, and the
corresponding properties of the scattering S-matrix are examined in the complex
momentum plane, mainly for pedagogical reasons. The validity of the
Breit-Wigner approximation to the resonant phase shifts is tested, and the
motion of a ''resonant'' wave packet slowly leaking out of the valley region is
also displayed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 271 </DOCNO>
Exact renormalization group equations and the field theoretical approach


  After a brief presentation of the exact renormalization group equation, we
illustrate how the field theoretical (perturbative) approach to critical
phenomena takes place in the more general Wilson (nonperturbative) approach.
Notions such as the continuum limit and the renormalizability and the presence
of singularities in the perturbative series are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126576 </DOCNO>
The Neutral Hydrogen Content of Fornax Cluster Galaxies


  We present a new set of deep HI observations of member galaxies of the Fornax
cluster. We detected 35 cluster galaxies in HI. The resulting sample, the most
comprehensive to date, is used to investigate the distribution of HI in the
cluster galaxies. We compare the HI content of the detected cluster galaxies
with that of field galaxies by measuring HI mass-to-light ratios and the HI
deficiency parameter of Solanes et al. (1996). The mean HI mass-to-light ratio
of the cluster galaxies is 0.68+/-0.15, significantly lower than for a sample
of HI-selected field galaxies (1.15+/-0.10), although not as low as in the
Virgo cluster (0.45+/-0.03). The mean HI deficiency for the cluster is
0.38+/-0.09 (for T=1-6), significantly greater than for the field sample
(0.05+/-0.03). Both these tests show that Fornax cluster galaxies are
HI-deficient compared to field galaxies. The kinematics of the cluster galaxies
suggests that the HI deficiency may be caused by ram-pressure stripping of
galaxies on orbits that pass close to the cluster core.
  We also derive the most complete B-band TF relation of inclined spiral
galaxies in Fornax. A subcluster in the South-West of the main cluster
contributes considerably to the scatter. The scatter for galaxies in the main
cluster alone is 0.50mag, which is slightly larger than the intrinsic scatter
of 0.4mag. We use the TF relation to derive a distance modulus of Fornax
relative to the Virgo cluster of -0.38+/-0.14mag. The galaxies in the
subcluster are 1.0+/-0.5mag brighter than the galaxies of the main cluster,
indicating that they are situated in the foreground. With their mean velocity
95km/s higher than that of the main cluster we conclude that the subcluster is
falling into the main Fornax cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124304 </DOCNO>
AGAPEROS: Searching for variable stars in the LMC Bar with the Pixel


  We extend the work developed in previous papers on microlensing with a
selection of variable stars. We use the Pixel Method to select variable stars
on a set of 2.5 x 10**6 pixel light curves in the LMC Bar presented elsewhere.
The previous treatment was done in order to optimise the detection of long
timescale variations (larger than a few days) and we further optimise our
analysis for the selection of Long Timescale and Long Period Variables
(LT&LPV). We choose to perform a selection of variable objects as comprehensive
as possible, independent of periodicity and of their position on the colour
magnitude diagram. We detail the different thresholds successively applied to
the light curves, which allow to produce a catalogue of 632 variable objects.
We present a table with the coordinate of each variable, its EROS magnitudes at
one epoch and an indicator of blending in both colours, together with a finding
chart.
  A cross-correlation with various catalogues shows that 90% of those variable
objects were undetected before, thus enlarging the sample of LT&LPV previously
known in this area by a factor of 10. Due to the limitations of both the Pixel
Method and the data set, additional data -- namely a longer baseline and near
infrared photometry -- are required to further characterise these variable
stars, as will be addressed in subsequent papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96659 </DOCNO>
Integrability of Lie brackets


  We present the solution to a longstanding problem of differential geometry:
Lie's third theorem for Lie algebroids. We show that the integrability problem
is controlled by two computable obstructions. As applications we derive,
explain and improve the known integrability results, we establish integrability
by local Lie groupoids, we clarify the smoothness of the Poisson sigma-model
for Poisson manifolds, and we describe other geometrical applications. Our
approach also puts into a new perspective the work of Cattaneo and Felder for
the special case of Poisson manifolds and the "new" proof of Lie's third
theorem given by Duistermaat and Kolk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125793 </DOCNO>
ASCA Observations of Temperature Structure and Metal Distribution in the


  Large-scale distributions of hot-gas temperature and Fe abundance in the
Perseus cluster have been studied with multi-pointing observations by the GIS
instrument on ASCA. Within a radius of 20' from the cluster center, the energy
spectra requires two temperature components, in which the cool component
indicates kT ~ 2 keV and the hot-component temperature shows a significant
decline from about 8 keV to 6 keV toward the center. In the outer region of the
cluster, the temperature shows a fluctuation with an amplitude of about 2 keV
and suggest that a western region at ~16' from the cluster center is relatively
hotter. As for the Fe abundance, a significant decline with radius is detected
from 0.44 solar at the center to ~0.1 solar at a 50' offset region. If observed
Fe-K line intensity within 4' from the center is suppressed by a factor of 2
due to the resonance scattering effect, the corrected Fe mass density follows
the galaxy distribution. Finally, our results do not support the large-scale
velocity gradients previously reported from the same GIS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95895 </DOCNO>
Rieffel's deformation quantization and isospectral deformations


  We demonstrate the relation between the isospectral deformation and Rieffel's
deformation quantization by the action of $\R^d$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113990 </DOCNO>
Physical conditions of the ball lightning ejection caused by interaction


  Physical conditions of formation of the ball lightning with high energy
density considered as condensate of heavily excited atoms have been studied. In
our approach the ball lightning formation processes is considered as a form of
energy-structure self-organi-zation on the base of metastable substance and
interchange. We propose different variants of the experimental method to create
autonomous formation on the base of the closed capillary discharge allowing to
obtain the objects with the life time up to 2s which burn through the foil,
explode and can penetrate through the polymer wall without destroying it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1616 </DOCNO>
Interplay of linear and nonlinear impurities in the formation of


  Formation of stationary localized states in one-dimensional chain as well as
in a Cayley tree due to a linear impurity and a nonlinear impurity is studied.
Furthermore, a one-dimensional chain with linear and nonlinear site energies at
the alternate sites is studied and rich phase diagrams of SL states are
obtained for all systems we considered. The results are compared with those of
the linear and nonlinear systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98294 </DOCNO>
Holomorphic triangles and invariants for smooth four-manifolds


  The aim of this article is to introduce invariants of oriented, smooth,
closed four-manifolds, built using the Floer homology theories defined in two
earlier papers (math.SG/0101206 and math.SG/0105202).
  This four-dimensional theory also endows the corresponding three-dimensional
theories with additional structure: an absolute grading of certain of its Floer
homology groups. The cornerstone of these constructions is the study of
holomorphic disks in the symmetric products of Riemann surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75022 </DOCNO>
Correlation search for coherent pion emission in heavy ion collisions


  The methods allowing to extract the coherent component of pion emission
conditioned by the formation of a quasi-classical pion source in heavy ion
quantum statistical and final state interaction effects on the correlation
functions of like and unlike pions in the presence of the coherent radiation.
The extraction of the coherent pion spectrum from $\pi ^{+}\pi ^{-}$ and $\pi
^{\pm}\pi ^{\pm}$ correlation functions and single--pion spectra is discussed
in detail for large expanding systems produced in ultra-relativistic heavy ion
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4280 </DOCNO>
One-Dimensional Energy Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by


  We characterized the energy band dispersion near the Fermi level in
single-walled carbon nanotubes using low-temperature scanning tunneling
microscopy. Analysis of energy dependent standing wave oscillations, which
result from quantum interference of electrons resonantly scattered by defects,
yield a linear energy dispersion near EF, and indicate the importance of parity
in scattering for armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes. Additionally, these
data provide values of the tight-binding overlap integral and Fermi wavevector
in good agreement with previous work, but indicate that the electron coherence
length is substantially shortened.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81159 </DOCNO>
Partially quenched chiral perturbation theory without $\Phi_0$


  This paper completes the argument that lattice simulations of partially
quenched QCD can provide quantitative information about QCD itself, with the
aid of partially quenched chiral perturbation theory. A barrier to doing this
has been the inclusion of $\Phi_0$, the partially quenched generalization of
the $\eta'$, in previous calculations in the partially quenched effective
theory. This invalidates the low energy perturbative expansion, gives rise to
many new unknown parameters, and makes it impossible to reliably calculate the
relation between the partially quenched theory and low energy QCD. We show that
it is straightforward and natural to formulate partially quenched chiral
perturbation theory without $\Phi_0$, and that the resulting theory contains
the effective theory for QCD without the $\eta'$. We also show that previous
results, obtained including $\Phi_0$, can be reinterpreted as applying to the
theory without $\Phi_0$. We contrast the situation with that in the quenched
effective theory, where we explain why it is necessary to include $\Phi_0$.
 We also compare the derivation of chiral perturbation theory in partially
quenched QCD with the standard derivation in unquenched QCD. We find that the
former cannot be justified as rigorously as the latter, because of the absence
of a physical Hilbert space. Finally, we present an encouraging result:
unphysical double poles in certain correlation functions in partially quenched
chiral perturbation theory can be shown to be a property of the underlying
theory, given only the symmetries and some plausible assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98485 </DOCNO>
Statistical analysis of stochastic resonance with ergodic diffusion


  A subthreshold signal is transmitted through a channel and may be detected
when some noise -- with known structure and proportional to some level -- is
added to the data. There is an optimal noise level, called stochastic
resonance, that corresponds to the highest Fisher information in the problem of
estimation of the signal. As noise we consider an ergodic diffusion process and
the asymptotic is considered as time goes to infinity. We propose consistent
estimators of the subthreshold signal and we solve further a problem of
hypotheses testing. We also discuss evidence of stochastic resonance for both
estimation and hypotheses testing problems via examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128029 </DOCNO>
Meridional flow and differential rotation by gravity darkening in fast


  An explanation is presented for the rather strong total surface differential
rotation of the observed very young solar-type stars like AB Dor and PZ Tel.
Due to its rapid rotation a nonuniform energy flux leaves the stellar core so
that the outer convection zone is nonuniformly heated from below. Due to this
`gravity darkening' of the equator a meridional flow is created flowing
equatorwards at the surface and thus accelerating the equatorial rotation. The
effect linearly grows with the normalized pole-equator difference, \epsilon, of
the heat-flux at the bottom of the convection zone. A rotation rate of about 9
h leads to \epsilon=0.1 for a solar-type star. In this case the resulting
equator-pole differences of the angular velocity at the stellar surface,
\delta\Omega, varies from unobservable 0.005/day to the (desired) value of 0.03
day$^{-1}$ when the dimensionless diffusivity factors $c_\nu$ and c_\chi vary
between 1 and 0.1 (standard value c_\nu \simeq c_\chi \simeq 0.3, see Table 1.)
In all cases the related temperature differences between pole and equator at
the surface are unobservably small. 
  The (clockwise) meridional circulation which we obtain flows opposite to the
(counterclockwise) circulation appearing as a byproduct in the \Lambda-theory
of the nonuniform rotation in outer convection zones. The consequences of this
situation for those dynamo theories of stellar activity are discussed which
work with the meridional circulation as the dominant magnetic-advection effect
in latitude to produce the solar-like form of the butterfly diagram. 
  Key words: Hydrodynamics, Star: rotation, Stars: pre-main sequence, Stellar
activity

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125041 </DOCNO>
A 168-s X-Ray Pulsar in the SMC Observed with ASCA


  This paper has been withdrawn because the class file must not be uploaded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127567 </DOCNO>
H_2 molecules in damped systems


  Damped Lyman alpha systems seen in the spectra of high-z QSOs arise in
high-density neutral gas in which molecular hydrogen (H_2) should be
conspicuous. Systematic searches to detect the H_2 lines redshifted into the
Lyman alpha forest at <3400\AA are now possible thanks to the unique
capabilities of UVES on the VLT. Here we summarise the present status of our on
going programme to search for H_2 in DLAs, discuss the physical conditions in
the systems where H_2 is detected and the implications of non-detections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75737 </DOCNO>
No One Loop Back_Reaction In Chaotic Inflation


  We use an invariant operator to study the quantum gravitational back-reaction
to scalar perturbations during chaotic inflation. Our operator is the inverse
covariant d'Alembertian expressed as a function of the local value of the
inflaton. In the slow roll approximation this observable gives $-1/(2 H^2)$ for
an arbitrary homogeneous and isotropic geometry, hence it is a good candidate
for measuring the local expansion rate even when the spacetime is not perfectly
homogeneous and isotropic. Corrections quadratic in the scalar creation and
annihilation operators of the initial value surface are included using the
slow-roll and long wavelength approximations. The result is that all terms
which could produce a significant secular back-reaction cancel from the
operator, before one even takes its expectation value. Although it is not
relevant to the current study, we also develop a formalism for using stochastic
samples to study back-reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73487 </DOCNO>
Tunneling into Extra Dimension and High-Energy Violation of Lorentz


  We consider a class of models with infinite extra dimension, where bulk space
does not possess SO(1,3) invariance, but Lorentz invariance emerges as an
approximate symmetry of the low-energy effective theory. In these models, the
maximum attainable speeds of the graviton, gauge bosons and scalar particles
are automatically equal to each other and smaller than the maximum speed in the
bulk. Additional fine-tuning is needed in order to assure that the maximum
attainable speed of fermions takes the same value. A peculiar feature of our
scenario is that there are no truly localized modes. All four-dimensional
particles are resonances with finite widths. The latter depends on the energy
of the particle and is naturally small at low energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6147 </DOCNO>
Rectification and Phase Locking for Particles on Two Dimensional


  We show that a novel rectification phenomena is possible for overdamped
particles interacting with a 2D periodic substrate and driven with a
longitudinal DC drive and a circular AC drive. As a function of DC amplitude,
the longitudinal velocity increases in a series of quantized steps with
transverse rectification occuring near these transitions. We present a simple
model that captures the quantization and rectification behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5966 </DOCNO>
Reduction in the electron density-of-states in superconducting MgB$_2$


  NMR line shift and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T_1^{-1} of 11B and
25Mg were measured in superconducting MgB_2 (T_c^{ons}=38K) structurally
disordered by nuclear reactor neutrons up to the fluence of thermal neutrons
$\Phi=1 10^{19} cm^{-2}. The temperature of superconducting transition was
shifted down to T_{c,irrad}^{ons}=7K under irradiation. The change due
irradiation in the partial electron density of states (DOS) at the Fermi energy
of boron and magnesium were traced by taking into account that T_1^{-1} of 11B
and 25Mg are determined by hyperfine magnetic interactions with carriers. It
was revealed that electronic states near E_F of Mg are influenced negligibly by
irradiation whereas partial DOS of the B 2p_{x,y} states reduces greatly in
irradiated MgB_2. The NMR estimates for DOS using the McMillan formula show
that critical temperature decreases in irradiated MgB_2 mainly due to reduction
in the partial DOS of p states of boron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3749 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Magnetization of the O(3) Ferromagnet at Low Temperatures


  We investigate the low-temperature behavior of ferromagnets with a
spontaneously broken symmetry O(3) $\to$ O(2). The analysis is performed within
the perspective of nonrelativistic effective Lagrangians, where the dynamics of
the system is formulated in terms of Goldstone bosons. Unlike in a
Lorentz-invariant framework (chiral perturbation theory), where loop graphs are
suppressed by two powers of momentum, loops involving ferromagnetic spin waves
are suppressed by three momentum powers. The leading coefficients of the
low-temperature expansion for the partition function are calculated up to order
$p^{10}$. In agreement with Dyson's pioneering microscopic analysis of the
cubic ferromagnet, we find that, in the spontaneous magnetization, the
magnon-magnon interaction starts manifesting itself only at order $T^4$. The
striking difference with respect to the low-temperature properties of the O(3)
antiferromagnet is discussed from a unified point of view, relying on the
effective Lagrangian technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98248 </DOCNO>
A p-adic local monodromy theorem


  We prove a local monodromy theorem for p-adic differential equations on an
annulus, answering a question of R. Crew. Specifically, suppose given a finite
free module over the Robba ring (the ring of germs of functions analytic on
some open p-adic annulus with outer radius 1) with a connection and a
compatible Frobenius structure. We prove that the module admits a basis over a
finite extension of the Robba ring (induced by a finite cover of the open
p-adic unit disc) on which the connection acts via a nilpotent matrix. A
similar result has been obtained recently by Y. Andre and by Z. Mebkhout
(independently).
  Note: this preprint improves on results from our previous preprints
math.AG/0102173, math.AG/0105244, math.AG/0106192, math.AG/0106193 but does not
explicitly invoke any results from these preprints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97559 </DOCNO>
Almost global existence for some semilinear wave equations


  We prove almost global existence for semilinear wave equations outside of
nontrapping obstacles. We use the vector field method, but only use the
generators of translations and Euclidean rotations. Our method exploits 1/r
decay of wave equations, as opposed to the much harder to prove 1/t decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97177 </DOCNO>
The geometry of the classical solutions of the Garnier systems


  Our aim is to find a general approach to the theory of classical solutions of
the Garnier system in $n$-variables, ${\cal G}_n$, based on the Riemann-Hilbert
problem and on the geometry of the space of isomonodromy deformations. Our
approach consists in determining the monodromy data of the corresponding
Fuchsian system that guarantee to have a classical solution of the Garnier
system ${\cal G}_n$. This leads to the idea of the reductions of the Garnier
systems. We prove that if a solution of the Garnier system ${\cal G}_{n}$ is
such that the associated Fuchsian system has $l$ monodromy matrices equal to
$\pm\ID$, then it can be reduced classically to a solution of a the Garnier
system with $n-l$ variables ${\cal G}_{n-l}$. When $n$ monodromy matrices are
equal to $\pm\ID$, we have classical solutions of ${\cal G}_n$. We give also
another mechanism to produce classical solutions: we show that the solutions of
the Garnier systems having reducible monodromy groups can be reduced to the
classical solutions found by Okamoto and Kimura in terms of Lauricella
hypergeometric functions. In the case of the Garnier system in 1-variables,
i.e. for the Painlev\'e VI equation, we prove that all classical non-algebraic
solutions have either reducible monodromy groups or at least one monodromy
matrix equal to $\pm\ID$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7349 </DOCNO>
Charge Screening Effect in Metallic Carbon Nanotubes


  Charge screening effect in metallic carbon nanotubes is investigated in a
model including the one-dimensional long-range Coulomb interaction. It is
pointed out that an external charge which is being fixed spatially is screened
by internal electrons so that the resulting object becomes electrically
neutral. We found that the screening length is given by about the diameter of a
nanotube.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150075 </DOCNO>
Deconstructing Noncommutativity with a Giant Fuzzy Moose


  We argue that the worldvolume theories of D-branes probing orbifolds with
discrete torsion develop, in the large quiver limit, new non-commutative
directions. This provides an explicit `deconstruction' of a wide class of
noncommutative theories. This also provides insight into the physical meaning
of discrete torsion and its relation to the T-dual B field. We demonstrate that
the strict large quiver limit reproduces the matrix theory construction of
higher-dimensional D-branes, and argue that finite `fuzzy moose' theories
provide novel regularizations of non-commutative theories and explicit string
theory realizations of gauge theories on fuzzy tori. We also comment briefly on
the relation to NCOS, (2,0) and little string theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6180 </DOCNO>
Flat-band excitonic states in Kagome lattice on semiconductor surface


  Excitonic properties in the Kagome lattice system, which is produced by
quantum wires on semiconductor surfaces, are investigated by using the exact
diagonalization of a tight binding model. It is shown that due to the existence
of flat bands the binding energy of exciton becomes remarkably large in the
two-dimensional Kagome lattice compared to that in one-dimensional lattice, and
the exciton Bohr radius is quite small as large as a lattice constant. We also
discuss the magnetic field effects on the exciton binding energy and the
stability of exciton against the creation of charged exciton and biexciton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149036 </DOCNO>
Explicit Examples on Conformal Invariance


  We study examples where conformal invariance implies rational critical
indices, triviality of the underlying quantum field theory and emergence of
hypergeometric functions as solutions of the field equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4163 </DOCNO>
New Results for the Nonlocal Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation


  In this letter I discuss the strong coupling solution of the Nonlocal
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (NKPZ) equation. The method I employ is the Self-Consistent
Expansion (SCE). The results obtained are quite different from result obtained
in the past, using Dynamic Renormalization Group analysis (DRG). Experimental
results in conjunction with DRG results suggest that the NKPZ model is not
adequate to describe physical phenomena such as burning paper or deposition of
colloids. The results of the SCE are consistent with the NKPZ model and the
experimental observations. I also show that the steady state strong coupling
solution for a subfamily of the NKPZ models can be solved exactly in one
dimension and yields a Gaussian distribution. The SCE gives that exact result,
while DRG fails to do so.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168660 </DOCNO>
Soliton Squeezing in a Mach-Zehnder Fiber Interferometer


  A new scheme for generating amplitude squeezed light by means of soliton
self-phase modulation is experimentally demonstrated. By injecting 180-fs
pulses into an equivalent Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer, a maximum noise
reduction of $4.4 \pm 0.3$ dB is obtained ($6.3 \pm 0.6$ dB when corrected for
losses). The dependence of noise reduction on the interferometer splitting
ratio and fiber length is studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1313 </DOCNO>
Generalized Crossover in multiparameter Hamiltonians


  Many systems near criticality can be described by Hamiltonians involving
several relevant couplings and possessing many nontrivial fixed points. A
simple and physically appealing characterization of the crossover lines and
surfaces connecting different nontrivial fixed points is presented. Generalized
crossover is related to the vanishing of the RG function $Z_t^{-1}$. An
explicit example is discussed in detail based on the tetragonal GLW
Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150205 </DOCNO>
Holographic Renormalization


  We systematically develop the procedure of holographic renormalization for RG
flows dual to asymptotically AdS domain walls. All divergences of the on-shell
bulk action can be cancelled by adding covariant local boundary counterterms
determined by the near-boundary behavior of bulk fields. This procedure defines
a renormalized action from which correlation functions are obtained by
functional differentiation. The correlators are finite and well behaved at
coincident points. Ward identities, corrected for anomalies, are satisfied. The
correlators depend on parts of the solution of the bulk field equations which
are not determined by near-boundary analysis. In principle a full nonlinear
solution is required, but one can solve linearized fluctuation equations to
define a bulk-to-boundary propagator from which 2-point correlation functions
are easily obtained. We carry out the procedure explicitly for two known RG
flows obtained from the maximal gauged D=5 supergravity theory, obtaining new
results on correlators of vector currents and related scalar operators and
giving further details on a recent analysis of the stress tensor sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179536 </DOCNO>
Electron helicity-dependence in (e,e'p) reactions with polarized nuclei


  The cross section for electron-induced proton knockout reactions with
polarized beam and target is computed in a DWIA model. The analysis is focused
on the electron helicity-dependent (HD) piece of the cross section. For the
case of in-plane emission a new symmetry is found in the HD cross section,
which takes opposite values for specific opposing pairs of nuclear
orientations, explaining why the fifth response (involving polarized electrons,
but unpolarized nuclei) is zero for this choice of kinematics. Even when this
symmetry breaks down in the case of nucleon emission out of the scattering
plane, it is shown that it is still present in the separate response functions.
A physical explanation of these results is presented using a semi-classical
model of the reaction based on the PWIA and on the concept of a nucleon orbit
with its implied expectation values of position and spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114118 </DOCNO>
Photon emission by ultra-relativistic positrons in crystalline


  This paper discusses the undulator radiation emitted by high-energy positrons
during planar channeling in periodically bent crystals. We demonstrate that the
construction of the undulator for positrons with energies of 10 GeV and above
is only possible if one takes into account the radiative energy losses. The
frequency of the undulator radiation depends on the energy of the particle.
Thus the decrease of the particle's energy during the passage of the crystal
should result in the destruction of the undulator radiation regime. However, we
demonstrate that it is possible to avoid the destructive influence of the
radiative losses on the frequency of the undulator radiation by the appropriate
variation of the shape of the crystal channels. We also discuss a method by
which, to our mind, it would be possible to prepare the crystal with the
desired properties of its channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74124 </DOCNO>
Fermion masses and mixings in gauge theories


  The recent evidence for neutrino oscillations stimulate us to discuss again
the problem of fermion masses and mixings in gauge theories. In the standard
model, several forms for quark mass matrices are equivalent. They become
ansatze within most extensions of the standard model, where also relations
between quark and lepton sectors may hold. In a seesaw framework, these
relations can constrain the scale of heavy neutrino mass, which is often
related to the scale of intermediate or unification gauge symmetry. As a
consequence, two main scenarios arise. Hierarchies of masses and mixings may be
explained by broken horizontal symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96192 </DOCNO>
(Semi)simple exercises in quantum cohomology


  The paper is dedicated to the study of algebraic manifolds whose quantum
cohomology or a part of it is a semisimple Frobenius manifold. Theorem 1.8.1
says, roughly speaking, that the sum of $(p,p)$--cohomology spaces is a maximal
Frobenius submanifold that has chances to be semisimple. Theorem 1.8.3 provides
a version of the Reconstruction theorem, assuming semisimplicity but not
$H^2$--generation. Theorem 3.6.1 establishes the semisimplicity for all del
Pezzo surfaces, providing an evidence for the conjecture that semisimplicity is
related to the existence of a full system of exceptional sheaves of the
appropriate length. Finally, in \S 2 we calculate special coordinates for three
families of Fano threefolds with minimal cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73944 </DOCNO>
Diffractive parton distributions and the saturation model


  We construct diffractive parton distributions in the model of DIS diffraction
in which the diffractive state is formed by the $q\bar{q}$ and $q\bar{q}g$
components. The interaction of such systems with the proton is described by the
dipole cross section given by the saturation model. We find Regge factorization
property with the measured at HERA depenedence on energy. The found parton
distributions are evolved with the DGLAP evolution equations to make a
comparison with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73772 </DOCNO>
Natural Relations in the Standard Model


  We establish the potential existence of natural relations between the Cabibbo
angle and the quark mass ratios, in a Standard Model with one Higgs doublet and
two quark generations. The argument is based on the calculation of the
divergent one-loop radiative corrections to the quark mass matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168077 </DOCNO>
All multipartite Bell correlation inequalities for two dichotomic


  We construct a set of 2^(2^n) independent Bell correlation inequalities for
n-partite systems with two dichotomic observables each, which is complete in
the sense that the inequalities are satisfied if and only if the correlations
considered allow a local classical model. All these inequalities can be
summarized in a single, albeit non-linear inequality. We show that quantum
correlations satisfy this condition provided the state has positive partial
transpose with respect to any grouping of the n systems into two subsystems. We
also provide an efficient algorithm for finding the maximal quantum mechanical
violation of each inequality, and show that the maximum is always attained for
the generalized GHZ state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168624 </DOCNO>
Universal quantum computation and simulation using any entangling


  What interactions are sufficient to simulate arbitrary quantum dynamics in a
composite quantum system? We provide an efficient algorithm to simulate any
desired two-body Hamiltonian evolution using any fixed two-body entangling
n-qubit Hamiltonian and local unitaries. It follows that universal quantum
computation can be performed using any entangling interaction and local unitary
operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1570 </DOCNO>
Superconducting thin films of MgB2 on (001)-Si by pulsed laser


  Superconducting thin films have been prepared on Si-substrates, using pulsed
laser deposition from a target composed of a mixture of Mg and MgB2 powders.
The films were deposited at room temperature and post-annealed at 600 degrees
C. The zero resistance transition temperatures were 12 K, with an onset
transition temperature of 27 K. Special care has been taken to avoid oxidation
of Mg in the laser plasma and deposited film, by optimizing the background
pressure of Ar gas in the deposition chamber. For this the optical emission in
the visible range from the plasma has been used as indicator. Preventing Mg
from oxidation was found to be essential to obtain superconducting films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86586 </DOCNO>
Cartan contortion detection from gravitational waves resonant detectors


  A new proposal for Cartan contortion detection based on the resonant
gravitational wave (GW) detector in teleparallel spacetime is considered.It is
shown that Cartan contortion is proportional to the inverse of the damping time
of the resonant detector.Actually the contortion acts as a damping force for
the GW.A contortion of the order $10^{-29}s^{-1}$ is obtained by using the data
of present resonant detectors.Although this limit is yet small it is several
orders of magnitude higher that the torsion obtained from spin precession
detectors.Progress along this line may allows us to give a better experimental
basis to Einstein-Cartan theories of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95549 </DOCNO>
Two-forms and Noncommutative Hamiltonian dynamics


  In this paper we extend the standard differential geometric theory of
Hamiltonian dynamics to noncommutative spaces, beginning with symplectic forms.
Derivations on the algebra are used instead of vector fields, and interior
products and Lie derivatives with respect to derivations are discussed. Then
the Poisson bracket of certain algebra elements can be defined by a choice of
closed 2-form. Examples are given using the noncommutative torus, the Cuntz
algebra, the algebra of matrices, and the algebra of matrix valued functions on
$\Bbb R^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86320 </DOCNO>
Quantum Dilaton Gravity in Two Dimensions with Matter


  In this thesis special emphasis is put on the quantization of the spherically
reduced Einstein-massless-Klein-Gordon model using a first order approach for
geometric quantities, because phenomenologically it is probably the most
relevant of all dilaton models with matter. After a Hamiltonian BRST analysis
path integral quantization is performed using temporal gauge for the Cartan
variables. Retrospectively, the simpler Faddeev-Popov approach turns out to be
sufficient. It is possible to eliminate all unphysical and geometric quantities
establishing a non-local and non-polynomial action depending solely on the
scalar field and on some integration constants, fixed by suitable boundary
conditions on the asymptotic effective line element.
  Then, attention is turned to the evaluation of the (two) lowest order tree
vertices, explicitly assuming a perturbative expansion in the scalar field
being valid. Each of them diverges, but unexpected cancellations yield a finite
S-matrix element when both contributions are summed. The phenomenon of a
"virtual black hole" -- already encountered in the simpler case of minimally
coupled scalars in two dimensions -- occurs, as the study of the (matter
dependent) metric reveals. A discussion of the scattering amplitude leads to
the prediction of gravitational decay of spherical waves, a novel physical
phenomenon. Several possible extensions conclude this dissertation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97477 </DOCNO>
De Donder-Weyl Equations and Multisymplectic Geometry


  Multisymplectic geometry is an adequate formalism to geometrically describe
first order classical field theories. The De Donder-Weyl equations are treated
in the framework of multisymplectic geometry, solutions are identified as
integral manifolds of Hamiltonean multivectorfields. In contrast to mechanics,
solutions cannot be described by points in the multisymplectic phase space.
Foliations of the configuration space by solutions and a multisymplectic
version of Hamilton-Jacobi theory are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3921 </DOCNO>
Anomalous electronic structure and pseudogap effects in


  We report a high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopic
(ARPES) study of the electron-doped (n-type) cuprate superconductor
Nd_1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4. We observe regions along the Fermi surface where the
near-E_F intensity is suppressed and the spectral features are broad in a
manner reminiscent of the high-energy ``pseudogap'' in the underdoped p-type
(hole doped) cuprates. However, instead of occurring near the (pi, 0) region,
as in the p-type materials, this pseudogap falls near the intersection of the
underlying Fermi surface with the antiferromagnetic Brillouin zone boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148588 </DOCNO>
Hypermultiplets, domain walls and supersymmetric attractors


  We establish general properties of supersymmetric flow equations and of the
superpotential of five-dimensional N = 2 gauged supergravity coupled to vector
and hypermultiplets. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for BPS
domain walls and find a set of algebraic attractor equations for N = 2 critical
points.
 As an example we describe in detail the gauging of the universal
hypermultiplet and a vector multiplet. We study a two-parameter family of
superpotentials with supersymmetric AdS critical points and we find, in
particular, an N = 2 embedding for the UV-IR solution of Freedman, Gubser,
Pilch and Warner of the N = 8 theory. We comment on the relevance of these
results for brane world constructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169255 </DOCNO>
Quantum Entanglement and the Two-Photon Stokes Parameters


  A formalism for two-photon Stokes parameters is introduced to describe the
polarization entanglement of photon pairs. This leads to the definition of a
degree of two-photon polarization, which describes the extent to which the two
photons act as a pair and not as two independent photons. This pair-wise
polarization is complementary to the degree of polarization of the individual
photons. The approach provided here has a number of advantages over the density
matrix formalism: it allows the one- and two-photon features of the state to be
separated and offers a visualization of the mixedness of the state of
polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125049 </DOCNO>
Tracing the Mass during Low-Mass Star Formation. II. Modelling the


  We have modeled the emission from dust in pre-protostellar cores, including a
self-consistent calculation of the temperature distribution for each input
density distribution. Model density distributions include Bonnor-Ebert spheres
and power laws. The Bonnor-Ebert spheres fit the data well for all three cores
we have modeled. The dust temperatures decline to very low values ($\Td \sim 7$
K) in the centers of these cores, strongly affecting the dust emission.
Compared to earlier models that assume constant dust temperatures, our models
indicate higher central densities and smaller regions of relatively constant
density. Indeed, for L1544, a power-law density distribution, similar to that
of a singular, isothermal sphere, cannot be ruled out. For the three sources
modeled herein, there seems to be a sequence of increasing central
condensation, from L1512 to L1689B to L1544. The two denser cores, L1689B and
L1544, have spectroscopic evidence for contraction, suggesting an evolutionary
sequence for pre-protostellar cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125893 </DOCNO>
Thermal Limit Spectroscopy as a Goal for X-ray Astronomy


  The R~300-1000 grating spectra from XMM-Newton and Chandra are a radical
advance, allowing spectroscopic physics techniques to be applied to X-ray
astronomy, revolutionizing a wide range of research. Ten years on these spectra
will be routine, and higher resolution will be needed. I propose ``Thermal
Limit Spectroscopy'' as the next natural goal for X-ray spectroscopy. This will
open up new physics: plasma physics, velocity widths, Doppler shifts, line
profiles, and absorption lines in photoionized plasmas. A resolution of
R=3000-10,000 is required, and the technology is within reach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149227 </DOCNO>
Coset Symmetries in Dimensionally Reduced Bosonic String Theory


  We discuss the dimensional reduction of various effective actions,
particularly that of the closed Bosonic string and pure gravity, to two and
three dimensions. The result for the closed Bosonic string leads to coset
symmetries which are in agreement with those recently predicted and argued to
be present in a new unreduced formulation of this theory. We also show that
part of the Geroch group appears in the unreduced duality symmetric formulation
of gravity recently proposed. We conjecture that this formulation can be
extended to a non-linear realisation based on a Kac-Moody algebra which we
identify. We also briefly discuss the proposed action of Bosonic M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97209 </DOCNO>
Topology and Higher-Dimensional Category Theory: the Rough Idea


  Higher-dimensional category theory is the study of n-categories, operads,
braided monoidal categories, and other such exotic structures. Although it can
be treated purely as an algebraic subject, it is inherently topological in
nature: the higher-dimensional diagrams one draws to represent these structures
can be taken quite literally as pieces of topology. Examples of this are the
braids in a braided monoidal category, and the pentagon which appears in the
definitions of both monoidal category and A_infinity space.
  I will try to give a Friday-afternoonish description of some of the dreams
people have for higher-dimensional category theory and its interactions with
topology. Grothendieck, for instance, suggested that tame topology should be
the study of n-groupoids; others have hoped that an n-category of cobordisms
between cobordisms between ... will provide a clean setting for TQFT; and there
is convincing evidence that the whole world of n-categories is a mirror of the
world of homotopy groups of spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73138 </DOCNO>
Anatomy of the lattice magnetic monopoles


  We study the Abelian and non-Abelian action density near the monopole in the
maximal Abelian gauge of SU(2) lattice gauge theory. We find that the
non-Abelian action density near the monopoles belonging to the percolating
cluster decreases when we approach the monopole center. Our estimation for the
monopole radius is R_mon ~ 0.06 fm

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126023 </DOCNO>
Heating of the Hot Intergalactic Medium by Powerful Radio Galaxies and


  There is increasing evidence that some heating mechanism in addition to
gravitational shock heating has been important for the hot gas inside clusters
and groups of galaxies, as indicated by their observed X-ray scaling
properties. While supernovae are the most obvious candidate heating sources, a
number of recent studies have suggested that they may be energetically
insufficient. Here we consider high-power, FRII radio galaxies and shock
heating of the intracluster medium (ICM, including the case of the
intergalactic medium prior to cluster formation) by their large-scale jets.
Based on the observed statistics of radio galaxies in clusters and their
evolution, along with the most reasonable assumptions, it is shown that they
can provide the ICM with excess specific energies of 1--2 keV per particle,
mainly during the redshift interval $z \sim 1-3$. This naturally meets the
requirements of cluster evolution models with non-gravitational feedback in
accounting for the observed deviations in the X-ray luminosity-temperature
relation. In contrast to supernovae, such large-scale jets deposit their energy
directly into the low density ICM outside galaxies, and are much less
susceptible to radiative losses. As a clear and potentially decisive test of
this scenario, we propose the observation of `prompt' high energy gamma-rays
emitted by shock-accelerated, non-thermal electrons during the epoch of ICM
heating by radio galaxies, which may be feasible with the {\it GLAST}
satellite. Implications for recent detections of excess hard X-rays from groups
are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96680 </DOCNO>
Green functions associated to complex reflection groups, II


  In our previous paper, Green functions associated to complex reflection
groups G(e,1,n) were discussed. It involved a combinatorial approach to the
Green functions of classical groups of type B_n or C_n. In this paper, we
introduce Green functions associated to complex reflection groups G(e,p,n). We
define Schur functions, Hall-Littlewood functions associated to G(e,p,n), and
show that our Green functions are obtained as a transition matrix between those
two kinds of symmetric functions. As a special case, it gives a combinatorial
treatmnet of Green functions of type D_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127717 </DOCNO>
VLA HI Imaging of the brightest spiral galaxies in Coma II. The HI Atlas


  In the first paper of this series we used HI observations of the 19 brightest
spirals in Coma to analyze the dynamical state of the cluster. In this paper we
present the detailed HI distribution and kinematics of the spirals that were
detected in HI, and radio continuum data for a sample of star forming and post
starburst galaxies in Coma. We discuss the importance of ICM-ISM interactions
to explain the observed HI morphology. A rough comparison of observed HI sizes
with predicted HI sizes from simulations by Abadi et al. (1999) gives
reasonable agreement. We use the results on radio continuum emission to
estimate the star formation rate in the PSB galaxies we pointed at. The radio
continuum emission in the 11 so called post starburst galaxies, identified by
Caldwell et al. (1993) in the cluster, is weak. Eight of the 11 were not
detected down to a 3 sigma upper limit of 0.6 mJy. This sets an upper limit to
the star formation rate in these galaxies of less than 0.2 solar masses per
year. The three detected post starburst galaxies have a star formation rate of
less than one solar mass per year. Thus none of the post starburst galaxies in
Coma are dust enshrouded starbursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96699 </DOCNO>
Combinatorics of the heat trace on spheres


  We present a concise explicit expression for the heat trace coefficients of
spheres. Our formulas yield certain combinatorial identities which are proved
following ideas of D. Zeilberger. In particular, these identities allow to
recover in a surprising way some known formulas for the heat trace asymptotics.
Our approach is based on a method for computation of heat invariants developed
in math.DG/9905073.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87312 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Electromagnetic Fields of a Slowly Rotating


  We have solved numerically the general relativistic induction equations in
the interior background spacetime of a slowly rotating magnetized neutron star.
The analytic form of these equations was discussed in a recent paper (Rezzolla
et al 2001a), where corrections due both to the spacetime curvature and to the
dragging of reference frames were shown to be present. Through a number of
calculations we have investigated the evolution of the magnetic field with
different rates of stellar rotation, different inclination angles between the
magnetic moment and the rotation axis, as well as different values of the
electrical conductivity. All of these calculations have been performed for a
constant temperature relativistic polytropic star and make use of a consistent
solution of the initial value problem which avoids the use of artificial
analytic functions. Our results show that there exist general relativistic
effects introduced by the rotation of the spacetime which tend to decrease the
decay rate of the magnetic field. The rotation-induced corrections are however
generally hidden by the high electrical conductivity of the neutron star matter
and when realistic values for the electrical conductivity are considered, these
corrections become negligible even for the fastest known pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125635 </DOCNO>
On the typical timescale for the chemical enrichment from SNeIa in


  We calculate the type Ia supernova rate for different star formation
histories in galaxies by adopting the most popular and recent progenitor
models. We show that the timescale for the maximum in the type Ia supernova
rate, which corresponds also to time of the maximum enrichment, is not unique
but is a strong function of the adopted stellar lifetimes, initial mass
function and star formation rate. This timescale varies from $\sim 40-50$ Myr
for an instantaneous starburst to $\sim$ 0.3 Gyr for a typical elliptical
galaxy to $\sim 4.0-5.0$ Gyr for a disk of a spiral Galaxy like the Milky Way.
We also show that the typical timescale of 1 Gyr, often quoted as the typical
timescale for the type Ia supernovae, is just the time at which, in the solar
neighbourhood, the Fe production from supernovae Ia starts to become important
and not the time at which SNe Ia start to explode. As a cosequence of this, a
change in slope in the [O/Fe] ratio is expected in correspondance of this
timescale. We conclude that the suggested lack of supernovae Ia at low
metallicities produces results at variance with the observed [O/Fe] vs. [Fe/H]
relation in the solar region. We also compute the supernova Ia rates for
different galaxies as a function of redshift and predict an extended maximum
between redshift $z \sim 3.6$ and $z \sim 1.6$ for elliptical galaxies, and two
maxima, one at $z \sim 3$ and the other at $z \sim 1$, for spiral galaxies,
under the assumption that galaxies start forming stars at $z_f \sim 5$ and
$\Omega_M = 0.3$, $\Omega_{\Lambda} = 0.7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86092 </DOCNO>
Absorption of TeV Photons and $\kappa$-deformed Poincar\'{e} algebra


  We consider the process of collision between a hard photon and a soft photon
producing an electron-positron pair, under the assumption that the kinematics
be described according to the $\kappa$-deformation of the D=4 Poincar\'{e}
algebra. We emphasize the relevance of this analysis for the understanding of
the puzzling observations of multi-TeV photons from Markarian 501. We find a
significant effect of the $\kappa$-deformation for processes above threshold,
while, in agreement with a previous study, we find that there is no
leading-order deformation of the threshold condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127028 </DOCNO>
Exploratory Chandra Observations of the Highest-Redshift Quasars: X-rays


  We report exploratory Chandra observations of 14 high-redshift (z=4.06-5.27),
optically selected quasars. Ten of these quasars are detected, increasing the
number of z>4 X-ray detected quasars by 71%. Our detections include four of the
five highest-redshift X-ray detected quasars to date, among them SDSSp
J021043.17-001818.4, the highest-redshift (z=4.77) radio-loud quasar detected
in the X-ray band. The four undetected objects are the Broad Absorption Line
quasars SDSSp J112956.10-014212.4 and SDSSp 160501.21-011220.0, the weak
emission-line quasar SDSSp J153259.96-003944.1, and the quasar PSS 1435+3057. A
comparison of the quasars' spectral energy distributions (by means of the
optical-to-X-ray spectral index, alpha_ox) with those of lower-redshift samples
indicates that the Chandra quasars are X-ray fainter by a factor of approx 2.
X-ray faintness could be associated with the presence of large amounts of gas
in the primeval galaxies harboring these high-redshift quasars, as suggested by
recent studies conducted on z>4 quasars in other bands. Using the current
Chandra data, predictions for the next generation of X-ray observatories,
Constellation-X and Xeus, are also provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126104 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Cooling Flow Gas in the Galaxy Clusters A1795 and


  We present far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of the cores of the massive cooling
flow clusters Abell 1795 and 2597 obtained with FUSE. As the intracluster gas
cools through 3x10^5 K, it should emit strongly in the OVI 1032,1038 resonance
lines. We report the detection of OVI 1032 emission in A2597, with a line flux
of 1.35 +/- 0.35x10^-15 erg/cm2/s, as well as detection of emission from CIII
977. A marginal detection of CIII 977 emission is also reported for A1795.
These observations provide evidence for a direct link between the hot (10^7 K)
cooling flow gas and the cool (10^4 K) gas in the optical emission line fients.
Assuming simple cooling flow models, the OVI line flux in A2597 corresponds to
a mass deposition rate of ~40 Msun/yr within the central 36 kpc. Emission from
OVI 1032 was not detected in A1795, with an upper limit of 1.5x10^-15
erg/cm2/s, corresponding to a limit on the mass cooling flow rate of Mdot(28
kpc) < 28 Msun/yr. We have considered several explanations for the lack of
detection of OVI emission in A1795 and the weaker than expected flux in A2597,
including extinction by dust in the outer cluster, and quenching of thermal
conduction by magnetic fields. We conclude that a turbulent mixing model, with
some dust extinction, could explain our OVI results while also accounting for
the puzzling lack of emission by FeXVII in cluster cooling flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4855 </DOCNO>
Ground State Pressure and Energy Density of a Homogeneous Bose Gas in


  We consider an interacting homogeneous Bose gas at zero temperature in two
spatial dimensions. The properties of the system can be calculated as an
expansion in powers of g, where g is the coupling constant. We calculate the
ground state pressure and the ground state energy density to second order in
the quantum loop expansion. The renormalization group is used to sum up leading
and subleading logarithms from all orders in perturbation theory. In the dilute
limit, the renormalization group improved pressure and energy density are
essentially expansions in powers of the T-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74884 </DOCNO>
Ultra high energy cosmic rays from extragalactic astrophysical sources:


  The energy losses and spectra of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) are
calculated for protons as primary particles. The attention is given to the
energy losses due to electron-positron production in collisions with the
microwave 2.73 K photons. The energy spectra are calculated for several models,
which differ by production spectra and by source distribution, namely: (i)
Uniform distribution of the sources with steep generation spectra with indices
2.4 - 2.7, with cosmological evolution and without it. In this case it is
possible to fit the shape of the observed spectrum up to 8.10^{19} eV, but the
required CR emissivity is too high and the GZK cutoff is present. (ii) Uniform
distribution of the sources with flat generation spectrum dE/E^2 which is
relevant to GRBs. The calculated spectrum is in disagreement with the observed
one. The agreement at E\lesssim 8.10^{19} eV can be reached using a complex
generation spectrum, but the required CR emissivity is three orders of
magnitude higher than that of GRBs, and the predicted spectrum has the GZK
cutoff. (iii) The case of local enhancement within region of size 10 - 30 Mpc
with overdensity given by factor 3- 30. The overdensity larger than 10 is
needed to eliminate the GZK cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97190 </DOCNO>
Superanalogs of the Calogero operators and Jack polynomials


  A depending on complex parameter k superanalog of Calogero operator SPL is
constructed; it is related with the root system of Lie superalgebra gl(n,m).
For m=0, we obtain the usual Calogero operator; for m=1 we obtain, up to a
change of indeterminates and parameter k the operator constructed by Veselov,
Chalykh and M.Feigin. For k=1,1/2 the operator SL is the radial part of the 2nd
order Laplace operator for the symmetric superspaces corresponding to pairs
(GL+GL,GL)and (GL,OSP),respectively. We will show that for generic m and n the
superanalogs of the Jack polynomials constructed by Kerov, Okounkov and
Olshanski are eigenfunctions of SPL;for k=1,1/2 they coincide with with the
spherical functions corresponding to the above mentioned symmetric superspaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123358 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Perturbations in an Inflationary Universe


  After introducing gauge-invariant cosmological perturbation theory we give an
improved set of governing equations for multiple fluids including energy
transfer. Having defined adiabatic and entropic perturbations we derive the
``conservation law'' for the curvature perturbation on large scales using only
the energy conservation equation. We then investigate the dynamics of assisted
inflation. By choosing an appropriate rotation in field space we can write down
explicitly the potential for the weighted mean field along the scaling solution
and for fields orthogonal to it. This allows us to present analytic solutions
describing homogeneous and inhomogeneous perturbations about the attractor
solution without resorting to slow-roll approximations. Finally we analyze the
simplest model of preheating analytically, and show that in linear perturbation
theory the effect of preheating on the amplitude of the curvature perturbation
on large scales is negligible. We end with some concluding remarks, possible
extensions and an outlook to future work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86365 </DOCNO>
The T-domain and extreme matter phases inside spherically symmetric


  Black hole interiors (the $T$-domain) are studied here in great detail. Both
the {\em general} and particular $T$-domain solutions are presented including
non-singular ones. Infinitely many local $T$-domain solutions may be modeled
with this scheme. The duality between the $T$ and $R$ domains is presented. It
is demonstrated how generally well behaved $R$-domain solutions will give rise
to exotic phases of matter when collapsed inside the event horizon. However, as
seen by an external observer, the field is simply that of the Schwarzschild
vacuum with well behaved mass term and no evidence of this behaviour may be
observed. A singularity theorem is also presented which is independent of
energy conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124857 </DOCNO>
The Halo Black-Hole X-ray Transient XTE J1118+480


  Optical spectra were obtained of the optical counterpart of the high latitude
soft X-ray transient XTE J1118+480 near its quiescent state with the new 6.5 m
MMT and the 4.2 m WHT. The spectrum exhibits broad, double-peaked, emission
lines of hydrogen from an accretion disk superposed with absorption lines of a
K7V-M0V secondary star. Cross-correlation of the 27 individual spectra with
late-type stellar template spectra reveals a sinusoidal variation in radial
velocity with amplitude K = 701 +/- 10 km/s and orbital period P = 0.169930 +/-
0.000004 d. The mass function, 6.1 +/- 0.3 solar masses, is a firm lower limit
on the mass of the compact object and strongly implies that it is a black hole.
Photometric observations (R-band) with the IAC 0.8 m telescope reveal
ellipsoidal light variations of full amplitude 0.2 mag. Modeling gives a large
mass ratio (M1/M2 ~ 20) and a high orbital inclination (i = 81 +/- 2 deg). Our
combined fits yield a mass of the black hole in the range M1 = 6.0-7.7 solar
masses (90% confidence) for plausible secondary star masses of M2 = 0.09-0.5
solar masses. The photometric period measured during the outburst is 0.5%
longer than our orbital period and probably reflects superhump modulations as
observed in some other soft X-ray transients. The estimated distance is d = 1.9
+/- 0.4 kpc corresponding to a height of 1.7 +/- 0.4 kpc above the Galactic
plane. The spectroscopic, photometric, and dynamical results indicate that XTE
J1118+480 is the first firmly identified black hole X-ray system in the
Galactic halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72904 </DOCNO>
Supergravity Unification


  A review is given of the historical developments of 1982 that lead to the
supergravity unified model (SUGRA)with gravity mediated breaking of
supersymmetry. Further developments and applications of the model in the period
1982-85 are also discussed. The supergravity unified model and its minimal
version (mSUGRA) are currently among the leading candidates for physics beyond
the Standard Model. A brief note on the developments from the present vantage
point is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128898 </DOCNO>
Detections of extended galactic haloes of Virgo Cluster Galaxies


  The UK Schmidt camera was used to observe the Virgo cluster of galaxies,
where a total of 13 R-band Kodak Tech-Pan films were obtained. The latter, were
scanned by the APM machine (Cambridge, UK),digitally aligned, co-added,
corrected for vignetting effects andfinally cleaned of stellar features. The
resulting image covers an area of ~6.2x6.2 degree^2 with a resolution of ~2
arcsec/pixel, where extended objects with a surface brightness up to 28
mag/arcsec^2 can been detected. Some of those results have already be published
in previous papers. Here we wish topresent a choice of faint detections and
discuss some interesting implications of this project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81152 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamical quantities of lattice full QCD from an efficient method


  I extend to QCD an efficient method for lattice gauge theory with dynamical
fermions. Once the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator and the density of states
of pure gluonic configurations at a set of plaquette energies (proportional to
the gauge action) are computed, thermodynamical quantities deriving from the
partition function can be obtained for arbitrary flavor number, quark masses
and wide range of coupling constants, without additional computational cost.
Results for the chiral condensate and gauge action are presented on the $10^4$
lattice at flavor number $N_f=0$, 1, 2, 3, 4 and many quark masses and coupling
constants. New results in the chiral limit for the gauge action and its
correlation with the chiral condensate, which are useful for analyzing the QCD
chiral phase structure, are also provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1095 </DOCNO>
Influence of shear flow on vesicles near a wall: a numerical study


  We describe the dynamics of three-dimensional fluid vesicles in steady shear
flow in the vicinity of a wall. This is analyzed numerically at low Reynolds
numbers using a boundary element method. The area-incompressible vesicle
exhibits bending elasticity. Forces due to adhesion or gravity oppose the
hydrodynamic lift force driving the vesicle away from a wall. We investigate
three cases. First, a neutrally buoyant vesicle is placed in the vicinity of a
wall which acts only as a geometrical constraint. We find that the lift
velocity is linearly proportional to shear rate and decreases with increasing
distance between the vesicle and the wall. Second, with a vesicle filled with a
denser fluid, we find a stationary hovering state. We present an estimate of
the viscous lift force which seems to agree with recent experiments of Lorz et
al. [Europhys. Lett., vol. 51, 468 (2000)]. Third, if the wall exerts an
additional adhesive force, we investigate the dynamical unbinding transition
which occurs at an adhesion strength linearly proportional to the shear rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98999 </DOCNO>
Complexes of modules over exceptional Lie superalgebras $E (3,8)$ and $E


  In this paper complexes of generalized Verma modules over the
infinite-dimensional exceptional Lie superalgebras $E (3,8)$ and $E(5,10)$ are
constructed and studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 88 </DOCNO>
Vortex entry conditions in type-II superconductors. Effect of surface


  The conditions for the entry of vortices into type-II superconductors being
in the Meissner and/or mixed state, are studied by both numerical and
analytical solution of the Ginzburg-Landau equations. A modulation instability
of the superconducting order parameter is shown to occur when the kinematic
momentum (or supervelocity) of the condensate reaches a threshold value at the
superconductor edge or surface. Due to this instability, vortices start to
nucleate at the edge or surface and then penetrate deeper into the sample. It
is found that the presence of surface defects causes a noticeable drop of the
first penetration field and leads to a qualitative change of the magnetization
curve. Based on these results a simple phenomenological model of the edge or
surface barrier, taking into account the effect of surface defects, is
suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128933 </DOCNO>
Workshop summary and the future


  We present a tentative summary of the many very interesting issues that have
been addresses at this workshop, focussing in particular on the perspectives
for measuring the polarization power spectra of the Cosmic Microwave Background
produced by scalar and tensor perturbations, in the presence of foregrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75807 </DOCNO>
Resurrecting the KH78/80 partial wave analysis


  Most of the data from the meson factories were available only after the $\pi
N$ partial wave analysis of Koch and Pietarinen was published over 20 years
ago. Since then, both the experimental precision and the theoretical framework
have evolved a lot as well as the computing technology. Both the new and the
earlier data are to be analysed by a highly modernised version of the earlier
approach. Especially the propagation of the measurement errors in the analysis
will be considered in detail, visualisation tools will be developed using the
Python/Tkinter combination, and the huge data base of experiments will be
handled by MySQL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41327 </DOCNO>
Measurement of branching fractions for exclusive B decays to charmonium


  We report branching fraction measurements for exclusive decays of charged and
neutral B mesons into two-body final states containing a charmonium meson. We
use a sample of 22.72 +/- 0.36 million B anti-B events collected between
October 1999 and October 2000 with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage
rings at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The charmonium mesons
considered here are J/psi, psi(2S), and chi_c1, and the light meson in the
decay is either a K, K^*, or pi^0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150051 </DOCNO>
Superconformal Field Theories for Compact Manifolds with Spin(7)


  We present a construction of superconformal field theories for manifolds with
Spin(7) holonomy. Geometrically these models correspond to the realization of
Spin(7) manifolds as anti-holomorphic quotients of Calabi-Yau fourfolds.
Describing the fourfolds as Gepner models and requiring anomaly cancellation we
determine the resulting Betti numbers of the Spin(7) superconformal field
theory. As in the G_2 case, we find that the Gepner model and the geometric
result disagree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4429 </DOCNO>
Effect of quantum entanglement on Aharonov-Bohm oscillations,


  We present a simple model of transmission across a metallic mesoscopic ring.
In one of its arm an electron interacts with a single magnetic impurity via an
exchange coupling. We show that entanglement between electron and spin impurity
states leads to reduction of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in the transmission
coefficient. The spin-conductance is asymmetric in the flux reversal as opposed
to the two probe electrical conductance which is symmetric. In the same model
in contradiction to the naive expectation of a current magnification effect, we
observe enhancement as well as the suppression of this effect depending on the
system parameters. The limitations of this model to the general notion of
dephasing or decoherence in quantum systems are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124007 </DOCNO>
DIRECT Distances to Nearby Galaxies Using Detached Eclipsing Binaries


  DIRECT is a project to obtain directly the distances to two Local Group
galaxies, M31 and M33, which occupy a crucial position near the bottom of the
cosmological distance ladder. As the first step of the DIRECT project we have
searched for detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs) and new Cepheids in the M31 and
M33 galaxies with 1m-class telescopes. In this seventh paper we present a
catalog of variable stars discovered in the data from the followup observations
of DEB system D33J013346.2+304439.9 in field M33A [(RA,Dec)= (23.55, 30.72),
J2000.0], collected with the Kitt Peak National Observatory 2.1m telescope. In
our search covering an area of 108 sq. arcmin. we have found 434 variable
stars: 63 eclipsing binaries, 305 Cepheids, and 66 other periodic, possible
long period or non-periodic variables. Of these variables 280 are newly
discovered, mainly short-period and/or faint Cepheids. Their light curves were
extracted using the ISIS image subtraction package. For 85% of the variables we
present light curves in standard V and B magnitudes, with the remaining 15%
expressed in units of differential flux. We have discovered a population of
first overtone Cepheid candidates and for eight of them we present strong
arguments in favor of this interpretation. We also report on the detection of a
non-linearity in the KPNO T2KA and T1KA cameras. The catalog of variables, as
well as their photometry (about 7.8*10^4 BV measurements) and finding charts,
is available electronically via anonymous ftp and the World Wide Web. The
complete set of the CCD frames is available upon request.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127057 </DOCNO>
The Energy Distribution of Long Duration GRBS


  The energy release in gamma-ray bursts is one of the most interesting clues
on the nature of their "inner engines". We show here that the total energy
release in GRBs varies by less than one order of magnitude from one burst to
another while the energy emitted in $\gamma$-ray photons varies by more than an
order of magnitude. This result indicates that the central engine of long
duration GRB has a remarkably constant energy output which provides very
important constraint on the nature of these enigmatic explosions. The broader
distribution of the observed $\gamma$-ray flux, about three orders of magnitude
in width, can be attributed, in part, to a variation in the opening angle of
the collimated explosion, and in part to the variation of Lorentz factor across
the jet as well as a variable efficiency for converting the kinetic energy of
explosion to $\gamma$-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 924 </DOCNO>
Compressibility of the MgB2 Superconductor


  Considerable excitement has been caused recently by the discovery that the
binary boride system with stoichiometry MgB2 is superconducting at the
remarkably high temperature of 39 K (1). This potentially opens the way to even
higher Tc values in a new family of superconductors with unexpectedly simple
composition and structure. The simplicity in the electronic and crystal
structures could allow the understanding of the physics of high-Tc
superconductivity without the presence of the multitude of complicated
features, associated with the cuprates. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction was used
to measure the isothermal compressibility of MgB2, revealing a stiff
tightly-packed incompressible solid with only moderate bonding anisotropy
between intra- and inter-layer directions. These results, combined with the
pressure evolution of the superconducting transition temperature, Tc establish
its relation to the B and Mg bonding distances over a broad range of values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95535 </DOCNO>
Bilinear Estimates and Applications to Nonlinear Wave Equations


  We undertake a systematic review of some results concerning local
well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for certain systems of nonlinear wave
equations, with minimal regularity assumptions on the initial data. Moreover we
provide a considerably simplified and unified treatment of these results and
provide also complete proofs for large data. The paper is also intended as an
introduction to and survey of current research in the very active area of
nonlinear wave equations. The key ingredients throughout the survey are the use
of the null structure of the equations we consider and, intimately tied to it,
bilinear estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179529 </DOCNO>
Superfluid states with moving condensate in nuclear matter


  Superfluid states of symmetric nuclear matter with finite total momentum of
Cooper pairs (nuclear LOFF phase) are studied with the use of Fermi-liquid
theory in the model with Skyrme effective forces. It is considered the case of
four-fold splitting of the excitation spectrum due to finite superfluid
momentum and coupling of T=0 and T=1 pairing channels. It has been shown that
at zero temperature the energy gap in triplet-singlet (TS) pairing channel (in
spin and isospin spaces) for the SkM$^*$ force demonstrates double-valued
behavior as a function of superfluid momentum. As a consequence, the phase
transition at the critical superfluid momentum from the LOFF phase to the
normal state will be of a first order. Behavior of the energy gap as a function
of density for TS pairing channel under increase of superfluid momentum changes
from one-valued to universal two-valued. It is shown that two-gap solutions,
describing superposition of states with singlet-triplet (ST) and TS pairing of
nucleons appear as a result of branching from one-gap ST solution. Comparison
of the free energies shows that the state with TS pairing of nucleons is
thermodynamically most preferable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148501 </DOCNO>
Open String/Open D-Brane Dualities: Old and New


  We examine magnetic and electric near horizon regions of maximally
supersymmetric D-brane and NS5-brane bound states and find transformations
between near horizon regions with worldvolume dual magnetic and electric
fluxes. These point to dual formulations of NCYM, NCOS and OD$p$ theories in
the limit of weak coupling and large spatial or temporal non-commutativity
length scale in terms of weakly coupled theories with fixed worldvolume dual
non-commutativity based on open D-branes. We also examine the strong coupling
behavior of the open D-brane theories and propose a unified web of dualities
involving strong/weak coupling as well as large/small non-commutativity scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168457 </DOCNO>
Electron State Entanglement at Double Ionization


  Electron wave function entanglement and spin reconfiguration as source of
electron correlation are investigated. Properties of correlation function are
shown to have the best concordance with experimental data under supposition
that probability of change of electron state to triplet state is about 0.5 or
more.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96690 </DOCNO>
Gauss-Manin Connections for Arrangements


  We construct a formal connection on the Aomoto complex of an arrangement of
hyperplanes, and use it to study the Gauss-Manin connection for the moduli
space of the arrangement in the cohomology of a complex rank one local system.
We prove that the eigenvalues of the Gauss-Manin connection are integral linear
combinations of the weights which define the local system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75041 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium hadron interaction in QCD


  The analytic continuation of the operator product expansion of the scattering
amplitude allows to compute the heavy-quarkonium hadron total cross section.
The energy dependence of the Upsilon and Upsilon' cross sections with a proton
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114514 </DOCNO>
Adaptive sampling by information maximization


  The investigation of input-output systems often requires a sophisticated
choice of test inputs to make best use of limited experimental time. Here we
present an iterative algorithm that continuously adjusts an ensemble of test
inputs online, subject to the data already acquired about the system under
study. The algorithm focuses the input ensemble by maximizing the mutual
information between input and output. We apply the algorithm to simulated
neurophysiological experiments and show that it serves to extract the ensemble
of stimuli that a given neural system ``expects'' as a result of its natural
history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41359 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the branching fraction for the decay B^0 --> D^{*+}D^{*-}


  Decays of the type B --> D^{(*)} anti-D^{(*)} can be used to provide a
measurement of the parameter sin2beta of the Unitarity Triangle that is
complementary to the measurement derived from the mode B^0 --> J/psi K_s^0. In
this document we report a measurement of the branching fraction for the decay
B^0 --> D^{*+}D^{*-} with the BABAR detector. With data corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 20.7 fb^{-1} collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance
during 1999-2000, we have reconstructed 38 candidate signal events in the mode
B^0 --> D^{*+}D^{*-} with an estimated background of 6.2+/-0.5 events. From
these events, we determine the branching fraction to be BF(B^0 -->
D^{*+}D^{*-}) = (8.0+/-1.6(stat)+/-1.2(syst))x10^{-4} (preliminary).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148075 </DOCNO>
The general form of the *-commutator on the Grassman algebra


  We study the general form of the *-commutator treated as a deformation of the
Poisson bracket on the Grassman algebra. We show that, up to a similarity
transformation, there are other deformations of the Poisson bracket in addition
to the Moyal commutator (one at even and one at odd n, n is the number of the
generators of the Grassman algebra) which are not reduced to the Moyal
commutator by a similarity transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113800 </DOCNO>
A Further Note on a Formal Relationship Between the Arithmetic of


  A sequence of integers generated by the number of conjugated pairs of
homaloidal nets of plane algebraic curves of even order is found to provide an
>exact< integer-valued match for El Naschie's primordial set of fractal
dimensions characterizing transfinite heterotic string space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84075 </DOCNO>
Lower Bound on the Chromatic Number by Spectra of Weighted Adjacency


  A lower bound on the chromatic number of a graph is derived by majorization
of spectra of weighted adjacency matrices. These matrices are given by Hadamard
products of the adjacency matrix and arbitrary Hermitian matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168271 </DOCNO>
On the Measurement of Qubits


  We describe in detail the theory underpinning the measurement of density
matrices of a pair of quantum two-level systems (``qubits''). Our particular
emphasis is on qubits realized by the two polarization degrees of freedom of a
pair of entangled photons generated in a down-conversion experiment; however
the discussion applies in general, regardless of the actual physical
realization. Two techniques are discussed, namely a tomographic reconstruction
(in which the density matrix is linearly related to a set of measured
quantities) and a maximum likelihood technique which requires numerical
optimization (but has the advantage of producing density matrices which are
always non-negative definite). In addition a detailed error analysis is
presented, allowing errors in quantities derived from the density matrix, such
as the entropy or entanglement of formation, to be estimated. Examples based on
down-conversion experiments are used to illustrate our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74745 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Wtb Coupling in ep Collision


  The potential of ep collision to prospect for anomalous Wtb vertex is
discussed from the single top quark production process $ep\to t\bar{\nu}+X$ for
TESLA+HERAp and CLIC+LHC energies. Sensitivities to anomalous couplings
$F_{2L}$ and $F_{2R}$, in the case of CLIC+LHC, are shown to be comparable with
LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127478 </DOCNO>
On the role of the UV and X-ray radiation in driving a disk wind in


  X-ray heating of the photosphere of an accretion disk is a possible mechanism
to produce strong, broad UV emission lines in low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs).
However, detailed photoionization calculations show that this mechanism fails
to produce sufficient emission measure. We present the results of
hydrodynamical calculations of the disk photosphere irradiated by strong
X-rays. We attempt to determine whether LMXBs can harbor significant UV-driven
disk winds despite the effects of X-ray ionization. Such winds would be a
likely candidate for the site of emission of UV lines and may better explain
the observations than the X-ray heated disk photosphere. We find that the local
disk radiation cannot launch a wind from the disk because of strong ionizing
radiation from the central object. Unphysically high X-ray opacities would be
required to shield the UV emitting disk and allow the line force to drive a
disk wind. However the same X-ray radiation that inhibits line driving heats
the disk and can produce a hot bipolar wind or corona above the disk. To assess
the impact of X-ray heating upon driving of a disk wind by the line force in
any system with an accretion disk we derive analytic formulae. In particular,
we compare results of line-driven disk wind models for accretion disks in LMXBs
and active galactic nuclei. The latter show spectral features associated with a
strong and fast disk wind. The key parameter determining the role of the line
force is not merely the presence of the luminous UV zone in the disk and the
presence of the X-rays, but also the distance of this UV zone from the center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76010 </DOCNO>
Gauged Supergravities, de Sitter Space and Cosmology


  We have studied scalar potentials V of gauged N=8,4,2 supergravities in d=4.
Extrema of these potentials may correspond to de Sitter, anti de Sitter and
Minkowski vacua. All de Sitter extrema that we have studied correspond to
unstable maximum/saddle points with negative curvature |V''|=2V for the fields
canonically normalized at the extremum. This is equivalent to the relation
|m^2| =|R|/2 = 6H^2 for the tachyonic mass m, the curvature scalar R, and the
Hubble constant H. This prevents the use of de Sitter extrema for slow-roll
inflation in the early universe, which would require |V''| \ll V . Moreover, in
all models that we were able to analyse the potential is unbounded from below.
On the other hand, barring the question how realistic such models could be, one
can use them for the description of the accelerated expansion of the universe
at the present epoch. This is related to a novel possibility of the fast-roll
inflation with |V''| > V . We also display some potentials that have flat
directions with vanishing cosmological constant, and discuss their possible
cosmological implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149922 </DOCNO>
Fluxes and Branes in Type II Vacua and M-theory Geometry with G(2) and


  We discuss fluxes of RR and NSNS background fields in type II string
compactifications on non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds together with their dual
brane description which involves bound states of branes. Simultaneously turning
on RR and NSNS 2-form fluxes in an 1/2 supersymmetric way can be geometrically
described in M-theory by a SL(2,Z) family of metrics of G(2) holonomy. On the
other hand, if the flux configuration only preserves 1/4 of supersymmetries, we
postulate the existence of a new eight-dimensional manifold with spin(7)
holonomy, which does not seem to fit into the classes of known examples. The
latter situation is dual to a 1/4 supersymmetric web of branes on the deformed
conifold. In addition to the 2-form fluxes, we also present some considerations
on type IIA NSNS 4-form and 6-form fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168943 </DOCNO>
Conservation of Orbital Angular Momentum in Stimulated Down-Conversion


  We report on an experiment demonstrating the conservation of orbital angular
momentum in stimulated down-conversion. The orbital angular momentum is not
transferred to the individual beams of the spontaneous down-conversion, but it
is conserved when twin photons are taken individually. We observe the
conservation law for an individual beam of the down-conversion through
cavity-free stimulated emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113468 </DOCNO>
Thermal and nonThermal Mechanisms of Biological Interaction of


  Research in the past on the biological effects of microwaves often has been
based on faulty assumptions. The major flaw has been the premise that
microwaves only produce thermal effects in tissue. This premise easily may be
proven physically incorrect.
 Furthermore, assuming only thermal effects leads one to an optimist's error of
quantification in which calories are counted instead of joules. Past
investigations have been misled both by these assumptions and by stereotyped
experiments using only narrow band radiation sources. Recent studies show that
wide band microwaves bring out biological effects which are unrelated to those
caused by heat flow. A review by Kenneth Foster provides a basis for criticism
and improved understanding.
 PACS: 87.10 87.22 87.50 87.54

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2283 </DOCNO>
Single parameter scaling in 1-D Anderson localization. Exact analytical


  The variance of the Lyapunov exponent is calculated exactly in the
one-dimensional Anderson model with random site energies distributed according
to the Cauchy distribution. We derive an exact analytical criterion for the
validity of the single parameter scaling in this model. According to this
criterion, states with energies from the conduction band of the underlying
non-random system satisfy single parameter scaling when disorder is small
enough. At the same time, single parameter scaling is not valid for states
close to band boundaries and those outside of the original spectrum even in the
case of small disorder. The obtained results are applied to the Kronig-Penney
model with the potential in the form of periodically positioned
$\delta$-functions with random strengths. We show that an increase in the
disorder can restore single parameter scalingbehavior for states from band-gaps
of this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73828 </DOCNO>
Black hole physics, confining solutions of SU(3)-Yang-Mills equations


  The black hole physics techniques and results are applied to find the set of
the exact solutions of the SU(3)-Yang-Mills equations in Minkowski spacetime in
the Lorentz gauge. All the solutions contain only the Coulomb-like or linear in
$r$ components of SU(3)-connection. This allows one to obtain some possible
exact and approximate solutions of the corresponding Dirac equation that can
describe the relativistic bound states. Possible application to the
relativistic models of mesons is also outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128766 </DOCNO>
A Superwind from Early Post-Red Giant Stars?


  We suggest that the gap observed at 20,000 K in the horizontal branches of
several Galactic globular clusters is caused by a small amount of extra mass
loss which occurs when stars start to "peel off" the red giant branch (RGB),
i.e., when their effective temperature starts to increase, even though they may
still be on the RGB. We show that the envelope structure of RGB stars which
start to peel off is similar to that of late asymptotic giant branch stars
known to have a super-wind phase. An analogous super-wind in the RGB peel-off
stars could easily lead to the observed gap in the distribution of the hottest
HB stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 844 </DOCNO>
Dynamic structure factor of gold


  We have investigated the role of localized {\it d} bands in the dynamical
response of Au, on the basis of {\it ab initio} pseudopotential calculations.
The density-response function has been evaluated in the random-phase
approximation. For small momenta, we have found a double peak structure in the
energy-loss function, which results from the presence of {\it d} electrons.
These results are in good agreement with the experimentally determined optical
response of gold. We also analyze the dependence of the dynamical structure
factor on the wave vector {\bf q}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1152 </DOCNO>
Domain walls in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates


  We consider a system of two interpenetrating Bose-Einstein condensates of
atoms in two different hyperfine spin states. We show that in the presence of a
small coupling drive between the two spin levels, there exist domain walls
across which the relative phase of the two condensates changes by 2pi. We give
the physical interpretation of such walls. We show that the wall tension
determines the force between certain pairs of vortices at large distances. We
also show that the probability of the spontaneous decay of the domain wall is
exponentially suppressed, both at finite and at zero temperature, and determine
the exponents in the regime of small Rabi frequency. We briefly discuss how
such domain walls could be created in future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6909 </DOCNO>
Slowed Relaxational Dynamics Beyond the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem


  To describe the slow dynamics of a system out of equilibrium, but close to a
dynamical arrest, we generalize the ideas of previous work to the case where
time-translational invariance is broken. We introduce a model of the dynamics
that is reasonably general, and show how all of the unknown parameters of this
model may be related to the observables or to averages of the noise. One result
is a generalisation of the Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem of type two (FDT2),
and the method is thereby freed from this constraint. Significantly, a
systematic means of implementing the theory to higher order is outlined. We
propose the simplest possible closure of these generalized equations, following
the same type of approximations that have been long known for the equilibrium
case of Mode Coupling Theory (MCT). Naturally, equilibrium MCT equations are
found as a limit of this generalized formalism. %We indicate that, within the
same general %framework, it should be possible to make higher level
approximations, %leading to more general applicability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7510 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Unique Translation between Hamiltonian Operators and


  In a recent letter [PRL 86, 1 (2001)], Gollisch and Wetterich show that a
careful treatment of discretization errors in a phase-space path integral
formulation of quantum mechanics leads to a correction term as compared to the
standard form based on coherent states. We point out in this comment that their
approach is not unique and that the coherent state path integral formalism,
without correction term, yields the same result. It does this as long as known
(but sometimes neglected) exponential convergence factors, which control
discretization errors in this approach, are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5159 </DOCNO>
Spin-parity dependent tunneling of magnetization in single-molecule


  Single-molecule magnets facilitate the study of quantum tunneling of
magnetization at the mesoscopic level. The spin-parity effect is among the
fundamental predictions that have yet to be clearly observed. It is predicted
that quantum tunneling is suppressed at zero transverse field if the total spin
of the magnetic system is half-integer (Kramers degeneracy) but is allowed in
integer spin systems. The Landau-Zener method is used to measure the tunnel
splitting as a function of transverse field. Spin-parity dependent tunneling is
established by comparing the transverse field dependence of the tunnel
splitting of integer and half-integer spin systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96413 </DOCNO>
A formula with some applications to the theory of Lyapunov exponents


  We prove an elementary formula about the average expansion of certain
products of 2 by 2 matrices. This permits us to quickly re-obtain an inequality
by M. Herman and a theorem by Dedieu and Shub, both concerning Lyapunov
exponents. Indeed, we show that equality holds in Herman's result. Finally, we
give a result about the growth of the spectral radius of products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2505 </DOCNO>
NMR relaxation rates and Knight shifts in MgB2


  We calculate ab initio the NMR relaxation rates and the Knight shifts in
MgB_2. We show that the dominant relaxation mechanism at the B nucleus is the
interaction with the electronic orbital moment, and we give a simple
explanation of that using a simple $sp$ tight binding model. When Stoner
enhancement (also calculated ab-initio) is accounted for, we obtain good
agreement with reported experimental values. For the 25Mg nucleus, we predict
that the dominant relaxation mechanism is the Fermi-contact interaction, which
also dominates the Mg Knight shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149375 </DOCNO>
Notes on Noncommutative Instantons


  We study in detail the ADHM construction of U(N) instantons on noncommutative
Euclidean space-time R_{NC}^4 and noncommutative space R_{NC}^2 x R^2. We point
out that the completeness condition in the ADHM construction could be
invalidated in certain circumstances. When this happens, regular instanton
configuration may not exist even if the ADHM constraints are satisfied. Some of
the existing solutions in the literature indeed violate the completeness
condition and hence are not correct. We present alternative solutions for these
cases. In particular, we show for the first time how to construct explicitly
regular U(N) instanton solutions on R_{NC}^4 and on R_{NC}^2 x R^2. We also
give a simple general argument based on the Corrigan's identity that the
topological charge of noncommutative regular instantons is always an integer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41778 </DOCNO>
Further Evidence for the Decay K+ to pi+ neutrino-antineutrino


  Additional evidence for the rare kaon decay K+ to pi+ neutrino-antineutrino
has been found in a new data set with comparable sensitivity to the previously
reported result. One new event was observed in the pion momentum region
examined, 211<P<229 MeV/c, bringing the total for the combined data set to two.
Including all data taken, the backgrounds were estimated to contribute 0.15 pm
0.05 events. The branching ratio is B=1.57^{+1.75}_{-0.82} 10^{-10}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6741 </DOCNO>
Gravitational clustering in N-body simulations


  In this talk we discuss some of the main theoretical problems in the
understanding of the statistical properties of gravity. By means of N-body
simulations we approach the problem of understanding the r\^ole of gravity in
the clustering of a finite set of N-interacting particles which samples a
portion of an infinite system. Through the use of the conditional average
density, we study the evolution of the clustering for the system putting in
evidence some interesting and not yet understood features of the process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125104 </DOCNO>
RR Lyrae pulsational temperature scales: On the consistency between


  In this paper, by assuming as correct equilibrium temperatures of RRab Lyrae
variables those defined from Carney, Storm & Jones (1992, CSJ), we show that
temperatures derived from (B-V) colour (mean colour over the pulsational cycle
calculated on the magnitude scale) by Bessel, Castelli & Plez 1998 (BCP)
transformations, are consistent with CSJ equilibrium temperatures within a
probable error of $\delta \log T_e = \pm 0.003$. As a consequence it is shown
that the pulsational temperature scale, temperature-period-blue amplitude
($T_{eff}=f(P,A_B)$), provided by De Santis (1996, DS96) by (B-V) colour of
about 70 stars of Lub's sample, is a suitable relation, reddening and
metallicity free, to calculate equilibrium temperatures for RRab variables.
This relation is independent from variable mass and luminosity within a large
range of period-shift from the mean period-amplitude relation valid for the
Lub's sample of variables. On the contrary, it is also shown that a
temperature-amplitude-metallicity relation is strictly dependent from the
period-amplitude relation of the sample used for calibrating it: we prove this
means that it is dependent from both mass and luminosity variations of
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76495 </DOCNO>
$q \to \Lambda$ Fragmentation Function and Nucleon Transversity


  Based on a simple quark-diquark model, we propose a set of unpolarized,
longitudinally polarized and transversely polarized fragmentation functions for
the $\Lambda$ by fitting the unpolarized $\Lambda$ production data in $e^+ e ^-
$ annihilation. It is found that the helicity structure of the obtained
$\Lambda$ fragmentation functions is supported by the all available
experimental data on the longitudinal $\Lambda$ polarization. Within the same
framework of the diquark model, the nucleon transversity distributions are
presented and consistent descriptions of the available HERMES data on the
azimuthal spin asymmetries in pion electroproduction are obtained. Furthermore,
the spin transfers to the transversely polarized $\Lambda$ in the charged
lepton DIS on a transversely polarized nucleon target are predicted for future
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179604 </DOCNO>
The Z=82 shell closure in neutron-deficient Pb isotopes


  Recent mass measurements show a substantial weakening of the binding energy
difference delta_{2p} (Z,N) = E(Z-2,N) - 2 E(Z,N) + E(Z+2,N) in the
neutron-deficient Pb isotopes. As delta_{2p} is often attributed to the size of
the proton magic gap, it might be speculated that the reduction in delta_{2p}
is related to a weakening of the spherical Z=82 shell. We demonstrate that the
observed trend is described quantitatively by self-consistent mean-field models
in terms of deformed ground states of Hg and Po isotopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73572 </DOCNO>
Rescattering corrections in elastic scattering


  A detailed study of the rescattering series is performed within a model,
using a generalized procedure of eikonalization and fitted to the $pp$ and
$\bar pp$ elastic scattering data. We estimate and compare the various
rescattering corrections to be added to the Born contribution in the amplitude.
We find that their number is finite, whereas it increases with the energy and
the transfer, like does their importance. In the domain where data exist, we
find also that a correct computation must include, at least, all two- and
three-Reggeon exchanges and some four- and five-Reggeon exchanges. Any
approximation aiming to reduce this (large) number of exchange would be
hazardous, especially when extrapolating. We extend our estimates in the domain
of future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6600 </DOCNO>
Overcharging: The Crucial Role of Excluded Volume


  In this Letter we investigate the mechanism for overcharging of a single
spherical colloid in the presence of aqueous salts within the framework of the
primitive model by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as well as
integral-equation theory. We find that the occurrence and strength of
overcharging strongly depends on the salt ion size, and the available volume in
the fluid. To understand the role of the excluded volume of the microions, we
first consider an uncharged system. For a fixed bulk concentration we find that
upon increasing the fluid particle size one strongly increases the local
concentration nearby the colloidal surface and that the particles become
$laterally$ ordered. For a charged system the first surface layer is built up
predominantly by strongly correlated $counterions$. We argue that this a key
mechanism to produce overcharging with a low electrostatic coupling, and as a
more practical consequence, to account for charge inversion with
\textit{monovalent} aqueous salt ions, which has been predicted and recently
verified by simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149535 </DOCNO>
D0-branes with non-zero angular momentum


  In my talk I shall consider the mechanism of self-expansion of a system of N
D0-branes into high-dimensional non-commutative world-volume investigated by
Harmark and Savvidy. Here D2-brane is formed due to the internal angular
momentum of D0-brane system. The idea is that attractive force of tension
should be cancelled by the centrifugal motion preventing a D-brane system from
collapse to a lower-dimensional one. I shall also present a new extended
solution where a total of 9 space dimensions is used to embed a D0-brane
system. In the last section, by performing linear analysis, the stability of
the system is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129121 </DOCNO>
PLANCK: systematic effects induced by periodic fluctuations of arbitrary


  A fundamental requirement in the new generation of high resolution Cosmic
Microwave Background imaging experiments is a strict control of systematic
errors that must be kept at micro-K level in the final maps. Some of these
errors are of celestial origin, while others will be generated by periodic
fluctuations of the satellite environment. These environment instabilities will
cause fluctuations in the measured signal output thus generating correlated
effects in the reconstructed maps. In this paper we present an analytical study
of the impact of periodic signal fluctuations on the measured sky maps produced
by the Planck survey. In particular we show how it is possible to estimate
analytically the damping factor of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the
fluctuation at the instrument output after the projection in the final maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127202 </DOCNO>
VLBA observations of GHz-Peaked-Spectrum radio sources at 15 GHz


  We present VLBA observations at 15 GHz of ten GHz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio
sources. The cores are often difficult or impossible to locate. When likely
cores are found, they account for a small fraction of the flux density in GPS
galaxies - around or below 2%, while in GPS quasars they can account for more
than 20% of the total flux density. We detect low polarization in the GPS
sources -- i.e., typically less than a few percent and often less than one
percent. This establishes that low polarization in the parsec scale structure
is an important defining characteristic of the GPS sources. The dichotomy in
the radio morphology versus optical identification, i.e., galaxies are
symmetric and quasars are not, is basically confirmed from these new data,
which also indicate that the radio emission from GPS quasars is dominated by a
jet, with often a weak or hidden core, suggesting they are at moderate angles
to the line of sight, and so are only moderately beamed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129516 </DOCNO>
Bianchi type IX world with torsion and shear


  Oscillating phases in Bianchi type IX anisotropic universes are obtained as
linearized solutions of Einstein-Cartan theory of gravity.Instead of making use
of Weyssenhoff spinning fluids we addopt axionic torsion matter where the
torsion tensor is totally skew-symmetric as in Kalb-Rammond type
theories.Spin-torsion,metric and matter density oscillate at different phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75650 </DOCNO>
Can cosmic rays provide sign of strangelets?


  We discuss the possible imprints of Strange Quark Matter (SQM) in cosmic ray
data. In particular, we investigate the propagation of SQM through the
atmosphere and discuss: i) direct candidates for strangelets, ii) exotic events
interpreted as signals of SQM and iii) muon bundles and delayed neutrons in
Extensive Air Showers. The physics and astrophysics of SQM is shortly reviewed.
We point out the possibility that extreme energy cosmic rays are the results of
the decay of unstable primordial objects. Finally, the abundance of possible
candidates for strangelets and their mass spectrum are estimated and compared
with the astrophysical limits and prospects of the possible observation of SQM
in accelerator experiments are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75770 </DOCNO>
Energy Flow in Interjet Radiation


  We study the distribution of transverse energy, Q_Omega, radiated into an
arbitrary interjet angular region, Omega, in high-p_T two-jet events. Using an
approximation that emphasizes radiation directly from the partons that undergo
the hard scattering, we find a distribution that can be extrapolated smoothly
to Q_Omega=Lambda_QCD, where it vanishes. This method, which we apply
numerically in a valence quark approximation, provides a class of predictions
on transverse energy radiated between jets, as a function of jet energy and
rapidity, and of the choice of the region Omega in which the energy is
measured. We discuss the relation of our approximation to the radiation from
unobserved partons of intermediate energy, whose importance was identified by
Dasgupta and Salam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4469 </DOCNO>
Low temperature thermal properties of mesoscopic


  Although the electrical transport properties of mesoscopic metallic samples
have been investigated extensively over the past two decades, the thermal
properties have received far less attention. This may be due in part to the
difficulty of performing thermal measurements on sub-micron scale samples. We
report here quantitative measurements of the thermal conductance and
thermopower of a hybrid normal-metal/superconductor heterostructure, which are
made possible by the recent development of a local-thermometry technique. As
with electrical transport measurements, these thermal measurements reveal
signatures of the phase coherent nature of electron transport in these devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97730 </DOCNO>
The Space of K\"ahler metrics (II)


  This paper, the second of a series, deals with the function space of all
smooth K\"ahler metrics in any given closed complex manifold $M$ in a fixed
cohomology class. The previous result of the second author \cite{chen991}
showed that the space is a path length space and it is geodesically convex in
the sense that any two points are joined by a unique path, which is always
length minimizing and of class C^{1,1}. This already confirms one of
Donaldson's conjecture completely and verifies another one partially. In the
present paper, we show first of all, that the space is, as expected, a path
length space of non-positive curvature in the sense of A. D. Alexanderov. The
second result is related to the theory of extremal K\"ahler metrics, namely
that the gradient flow of the K energy is strictly length decreasing on all
paths except those induced by a path of holomorphic automorphisms of $M$. This
result, in particular, implies that extremal K\"ahler metric is unique up to
holomorphic transformations, provided that Donaldson's conjecture on the
regularity of geodesic is true.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174827 </DOCNO>
Low-energy p-d Scattering: High Precision Data, Comparisons with Theory,


  Angular distributions of sigma(theta), A_y, iT_11, T_20, T_21, and T_22 have
been measured for d-p scattering at E_c.m.=667 keV. This set of high-precision
data is compared to variational calculations with the nucleon-nucleon potential
alone and also to calculations including a three-nucleon (3N) potential.
Agreement with cross-section and tensor analyzing power data is excellent when
a 3N potential is used. However, a comparison between the vector analyzing
powers reveals differences of approximately 40% in the maxima of the angular
distributions which is larger than reported at higher energies for both p-d and
n-d scattering. Single-energy phase-shift analyses were performed on this data
set and a similar data set at E_c.m.=431.3 keV. The role of the different
phase-shift parameters in fitting these data is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81356 </DOCNO>
Constrained Curve Fitting


  We survey techniques for constrained curve fitting, based upon Bayesian
statistics, that offer significant advantages over conventional techniques used
by lattice field theorists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98166 </DOCNO>
Terminal 3-fold divisorial contractions of a surface to a curve, I


  Let C be a smooth curve on an index 1 terminal 3-fold. We investigate the
existence of extremal terminal divisorial contractions Y-->X that contract an
irreducible surface E to C. We consider cases in respect to the singularities
of the general hypersurface section S of X through C. We completely classify
such contractions in the case that S has A_i, i < 4 and D_2n for any n, type
singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74695 </DOCNO>
Strange Star Heating Events as a Model for Giant Flares of Soft


  Two giant flares were observed on 5 March 1979 and 27 August 1998 from the
soft gamma-ray repeaters SGR 0526-66 and SGR 1900+14, respectively. The
striking similarity between these remarkable bursts strongly implies a common
nature. We show that the light curves of the giant bursts may be easily
explained in the model where the burst radiation is produced by the bare quark
surface of a strange star heated, for example, by impact of a massive
comet-like object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123564 </DOCNO>
Astrometric imaging of crowded stellar fields with only two SIM


  The Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) will observe sources in crowded
fields. Recent work has shown that source crowding can induce significant
positional errors in SIM's astrometric measurements, even for targets many
magnitudes brighter than all other crowding sources. Here we investigate
whether the spectral decomposition of the fringe pattern may be used to
disentangle the overlapping fringes from multiple blended sources, effectively
by performing synthesis imaging with two baselines. We find that spectrally
dispersed fringes enable SIM to identify and localize a limited number of field
sources quite robustly, thereby removing their effect from SIM astrometry and
reducing astrometry errors to near photon noise levels. We simulate SIM
measurements of the LMC, and show that (a) SIM astrometry will not be corrupted
by blending and (b) extremely precise imaging of mildly crowded fields may be
performed using only two orthogonal baseline orientations, allowing
microarcsecond positional measurements. We lastly illustrate the method's
potential with the example of astrometric microlensing, showing that SIM's mass
and distance measurements of lenses will be untainted by crowding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2528 </DOCNO>
Why Financial Markets Will Remain Marginally Inefficient?


  I summarize the recent work on market (in)efficiency, highlighting key
elements why financial markets will never be made efficient. My approach is not
by adding more empirical evidence, but giving plausible reasons as to where
inefficiency arises and why it's not rational to arbitrage it away.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179260 </DOCNO>
Dipole resonances in oxygen isotopes in time-dependent density-matrix


  The strength functions of isovector dipole resonances in the even oxygen
isotopes $^{18\sim24}$O are calculated by using an extended version of the
time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory known as the time-dependent density-matrix
theory (TDDM). The results are compared with recent experimental data and also
with a shell-model calculation. It is found that the observed isotope
dependence of low-lying dipole strength is reproduced in TDDM when the strength
of the residual interaction is properly chosen. It is also found that there is
a difference between the TDDM prediction and the shell-model calculation for
$^{24}$O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127909 </DOCNO>
Total linear polarization in the OH maser W75N: VLBA polarization


  W75N is a star-forming region containing various ultracompact HII regions and
OH, water, and methanol maser emission. Our VLBA map shows that the OH masers
are located in a thin disk rotating around an O-star which is the exciting star
of the ultracompact HII region VLA1. A separate set of maser spots is connected
with the ultracompact HII region VLA2. The radial velocity of OH maser spots
varies across the disk from 3.7 km/s to 10.9 km/s. The diameter of the disk is
4000 A.U. All maser spots are strongly polarized. This are the first OH masers
showing nearly 100 per cent linear polarization in several spots. Two maser
spots seem to be Zeeman pairs corresponding to a magnetic field of 5.2 mgauss
and 7.7 mgauss, and in one case we tentatively found a Zeeman pair consisting
of two linearly polarized components. The linearly polarized maser spots are
shown to be sigma-components which is the case of the magnetic field being
perpendicular to the line of sight. The direction of the magnetic field as
determined from linearly polarized spots is perpendicular to the plane of the
disk, although the galactic Faraday rotation may significantly affect this
conclusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149452 </DOCNO>
Instantons, the Information Metric, and the AdS/CFT Correspondence


  We describe some remarkable properties of the so-called Information Metric on
instanton moduli space. This Metric is manifestly gauge and conformally
invariant and coincides with the Euclidean AdS_5 metric on the one-instanton
SU(2) moduli space for the standard metric on R^4. We propose that for an
arbitrary boundary metric the AdS/CFT bulk space-time is the instanton moduli
space equipped with the Information Metric.
  To test this proposal, we examine the variation of the instanton moduli and
the Information Metric for first-order perturbations of the boundary metric and
obtain three non-trivial and somewhat surprising results: (1) The perturbed
Information Metric is Einstein. (2) The perturbed instanton density is the
corresponding massless boundary-to-bulk scalar propagator. (3) The regularized
boundary-to-bulk geodesic distance is proportional to the logarithm of the
perturbed instanton density. The Hamilton-Jacobi equation implied by (3) equips
the moduli space with a rich geometrical structure which we explore.
  These results tentatively suggest a picture in which the one-instanton sector
of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory (rather than some large-N limit) is in some sense
holographically dual to bulk gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7231 </DOCNO>
Interaction of a Kink-Soliton with a Breather in a Fermi-Pasta-Ulam


  Collision process between breather and moving kink-soliton is investigated
both analytically and numerically in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) chains. As it is
shown by both analytical and numerical consideration low amplitude breathers
and soft kinks retain their shapes after interaction. Low amplitude breather
only changes the location after collision and remains static. As the numerical
simulations show, the shift of its position is proportional to the stiffness of
the kink-soliton, what is in accordance with the analytical predictions made in
this paper. The numerical experiments are also carried out for large amplitude
breathers and some interesting effects are observed: The odd parity large
amplitude breather does not change position when colliding with widely
separated soft kink-antikink pair, whilst in the case of closely placed
kink-antikink pair the breather transforms into the moving one. Therefore it is
suggested that the "harmless" objects similar to the kink-solitons in FPU
chains could be used in order to displace or move the strongly localized
structures in realistic physical systems. In particular, the analogies with
quasi-one dimensional easy-plane type spin structures are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127374 </DOCNO>
MHD consistent cellular automata (CA) models II. Applications to solar


  In Isliker et al. (2000b), an extended cellular automaton (X-CA) model for
solar flares was introduced. In this model, the interpretation of the model's
grid-variable is specified, and the magnetic field, the current, and an
approximation to the electric field are yielded, all in a way that is
consistent with Maxwell's and the MHD equations. Here, we reveal which relevant
plasma physical processes are implemented by the X-CA model and in what form,
and what global physical set-up is assumed by this model when it is in its
natural state (SOC). The basic results are: (1) On large-scales, all variables
show characteristic quasi-symmetries. (2) The global magnetic topology forms
either (i) closed magnetic field lines, or (ii) an arcade of field lines above
the bottom plane line, if the model is slightly modified. (3) In case of the
magnetic topology (ii), loading can be interpreted as if there were a plasma
which flows predominantly upwards, whereas in case of the magnetic topology
(i), as if there were a plasma flow expanding from the neutral line. (4) The
small-scale physics in the bursting phase represent localized diffusive
processes. (5) The local diffusivity usually has a value which is effectively
zero, and it turns locally to an anomalous value if a threshold is exceeded,
whereby diffusion dominates the quiet evolution (loading). (6) Flares
(avalanches) are accompanied by the appearance of localized, intense electric
fields. (7) In a variant on the X-CA model, the magnitude of the current is
used directly in the instability criterion. First results indicate that the SOC
state persists. (8) The current-dissipation during flares is spatially
fragmented into a large number of dissipative current-surfaces of varying
sizes, which show a highly dynamic temporal evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97898 </DOCNO>
An algebraic analog of the Virasoro group


  The group of diffeomorphisms of a circle is not an infinite-dimensional
algebraic group, though in many ways it behaves as if it were. Here we
construct an algebraic model for this object, and discuss some of its
representations, which appear in the Kontsevich-Witten theory of
two-dimensional topological gravity through the homotopy theory of moduli
spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74164 </DOCNO>
Bosonic string theory with constraints linear in the momenta


  The Hamiltonian analysis of Polyakov action is reviewed putting emphasis in
two topics: Dirac observables and gauge conditions. In the case of the closed
string it is computed the change of its action induced by the gauge
transformation coming from the first class constraints. As expected, the
Hamiltonian action is not gauge invariant due to the Hamiltonian constraint
quadratic in the momenta. However, it is possible to add a boundary term to the
original action to build a fully gauge-invariant action at first order. In
addition, two relatives of string theory whose actions are fully
gauge-invariant under the gauge symmetry involved when the spatial slice is
closed are built. The first one is pure diffeomorphism in the sense it has no
Hamiltonian constraint and thus bosonic string theory becomes a sub-sector of
its space of solutions. The second one is associated with the tensionless
bosonic string, its boundary term induces a canonical transformation and the
fully gauge-invariant action written in terms of the new canonical variables
becomes linear in the momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97706 </DOCNO>
On the Isomorphism Conjecture in algebraic K-theory


  The Isomorphism Conjecture is a conceptional approach towards a calculation
of the algebraic K-theory of a group ring RG, where G is an infinite group. In
this paper we prove the conjecture in dimensions n<2 for fundamental groups of
closed Riemannian manifolds with strictly negative sectional curvature and an
arbitrary coefficient ring R. If R is regular this leads to a concrete
calculation of low dimensional K-theory groups of RG in terms of the K-theory
of R and the homology of the group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126603 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Evolution with ALMA


  The submillimeter and millimeter domains are privileged for the exploration
of galaxies at high redshift, because of the negative K-correction: the peak of
the dust emission at 60-100 microns is red-shifted in these domains. Already
blind surveys in blank fields with today instrumentation have discovered in the
continuum of the order of one object per square arcmin, with large limitations
due to confusion. In the molecular lines, the K-correction is not so favorable,
and it has been until now difficult to detect the objects, except when they are
starbursting monsters, or gravitationally lensed (about a dozen galaxies have
been detected). ALMA will bring more than one order of magnitude improvement,
and will not be affected by confusion. Normal star-forming objects will be
detected, and in particular those enshrouded in dust, so the instrument will be
complementary to the optical ones, such as NGST or ELTs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125113 </DOCNO>
Multi-method-modeling of interacting galaxies. I. A unique scenario for


  (abridged) We combined several N-body methods in order to investigate the
interaction scenario between NGC 4449 and DDO 125, a close companion in
projected space. In a first step fast restricted N-body models are used to
confine a region in parameter space reproducing the main observational
features. In a second step a genetic algorithm is applied for a uniqueness test
of our preferred parameter set. We show that our genetic algorithm reliably
recovers orbital parameters, provided that the data are sufficiently accurate,
i.e. all the key features are included.
  In the third step the results of the restricted N-body models are compared
with self-consistent N-body simulations. In the case of NGC 4449, the
applicability of the simple restricted N-body calculations is demonstrated.
Additionally, it is shown that the HI gas can be modeled here by a purely
stellar dynamical approach.
  In a series of simulations, we demonstrate that the observed features of the
extended HI disc can be explained by a gravitational interaction between NGC
4449 and DDO 125. According to these calculations the closest approach between
both galaxies happened $\sim 4-6 \cdot 10^8$ yr ago at a minimum distance of
$\sim 25$ kpc on a parabolic or slightly elliptic orbit. In the case of an
encounter scenario, the dynamical mass of DDO 125 should not be smaller than
10% of NGC 4449's mass. Before the encounter, the observed HI gas was arranged
in a disc with a radius of 35-40 kpc around the center of NGC 4449. It had the
same orientation as the central ellipsoidal HI structure. The origin of this
disc is still unclear, but it might have been caused by a previous interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5852 </DOCNO>
On the scaling spectrum of the Anderson impurity model


  We consider the universal scaling behaviour of the Kondo resonance in the
strong coupling limit of the symmetric Anderson impurity model, using a
recently developed local moment approach. The resultant scaling spectrum is
obtained in closed form, and is dominated by long tails that in contrast to
previous work are found to exhibit a slow logarithmic decay rather than
power-law form, crossing over to characteristic Fermi liquid behaviour on the
lowest energy scales. The resultant theory, while naturally approximate, is
found to give very good agreement for essentially all frequencies with
numerical renormalization group calculations of both the single-particle
scaling spectrum and the self-energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149586 </DOCNO>
Gravitational energy, dS/CFT correspondence and cosmic no-hair


  The gravitational energy is examined in asymptotically de Sitter space-times.
The positivity will be shown for certain cases. The de Sitter/CFT(dS/CFT)
correspondence recently proposed and cosmic no-hair conjecture are testified in
the aspect of the gravitational energy. From the holographic renormalization
group point of view, the two conjectures are deeply connected with each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126307 </DOCNO>
The formation and evolution of binary systems. III. Low-mass binaries in


  With the aim of investigating the binary population of the 700 Myr old
Praesepe cluster, we have observed 149 G and K-type cluster members using
adaptive optics. We detected 26 binary systems with an angular separation
ranging from less than 0.08 to 3.3 arcsec (15-600 AU). After correcting for
detection biases, we derive a binary frequency (BF) in the logP (days) range
from 4.4 to 6.9 of 25.3 +/- 5.4%, which is similar to that of field G-type
dwarfs (23.8%, Duquennoy & Mayor 1991). This result, complemented by similar
ones obtained for the 2 Myr old star forming cluster IC 348 (Paper II) and the
120 Myr old Pleiades open cluster (Paper I), indicates that the fraction of
long-period binaries does not significantly evolve over the lifetime of
galactic open clusters. We compare the distribution of cluster binaries to the
binary populations of star forming regions, most notably Orion and Taurus, to
critically review current ideas regarding the binary formation process. We
conclude that it is still unclear whether the lower binary fraction observed in
young clusters compared to T associations is purely the result of the early
dynamical disruption of primordial binaries in dense clusters or whether it
reflects intrinsically different modes of star formation in clusters and
associations. We also note that if Taurus binaries result from the dynamical
decay of small-N protostellar aggregates, one would predict the existence of a
yet to be found dispersed population of mostly single substellar objects in the
Taurus cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6416 </DOCNO>
Strong-Coupling Effects in "Dirty" Superfluid $^3He$


  The contribution of the strong-coupling effects to the free energy of the
"dirty" superfluid $^3He$ is estimated using a simple model. It is shown that
the strong-coupling effects are less susceptible to the quasiparticle
scattering events in comparison to the weak-coupling counterpart. This supports
the conclusion about stabilization of the $B$-phase in aerogel environment at
pressures where the $A$-phase takes over in bulk superfluid $^3He$, in
accordance with recent experimental observations in zero magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4217 </DOCNO>
Semiconductor quantum dot - a quantum light source of multicolor photons


  We investigate the intensity correlation properties of single photons emitted
from an optically excited single semiconductor quantum dot. The second order
temporal coherence function of the photons emitted at various wavelengths is
measured as a function of the excitation power. We show experimentally and
theoretically, for the first time, that a quantum dot is not only a source of
correlated non-classical monochromatic photons but is also a source of
correlated non-classical \emph{multicolor} photons with tunable correlation
properties. We found that the emitted photon statistics can be varied by the
excitation rate from a sub-Poissonian one, where the photons are temporally
antibunched, to super-Poissonian, where they are temporally bunched.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1438 </DOCNO>
Model for High Temperature Phase of C70 Solid


  Depending on the temperature, the C70 solid crystallizes in several
structures. At high temperature (T > 340K), the ellipsoidal C70 molecule
rotates freely in all directions and may be treated as a uniform thick
spherical shell with inner and outer radii as the minimum and the maximum
distance of C-atom from the center of the molecule. At lower temperatures the
free rotations of molecules freeze out. We have calculated the lattice
parameters, energies and bulk modulus at the minimum energy configuration of
fcc and hcp phase of pure C70 solid at high temperature using a simple model
based on atom-atom potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87228 </DOCNO>
Full Causal Bulk Viscous Cosmological Models with Variable G and Lambda


  We study the evolution of a flat Friedmann-Robertson- Walker Universe, filled
with a bulk viscous cosmological fluid, in the presence of variable
gravitational and cosmological constants. The dimensional analysis of the model
suggest a proportionality between the bulk viscous pressure of the dissipative
fluid and the energy density. With the use of this assumption and with the
choice of the standard equations of state for the bulk viscosity coefficient,
temperature and relaxation time, the general solution of the field equations
can be obtained, with all physical parameters having a power-law time
dependence. The symmetry analysis of this model, performed by using Lie group
techniques, confirms the unicity of the solution for this functional form of
the bulk viscous pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73350 </DOCNO>
CP Asymmetry Measurements in psi K0 and the CKM Paradigm


  Recent experimental observations of CP asymmetry in B0 -> psi K0 constitute
the first significant signal of CP violation outside the neutral kaon system;
thus they represent an important milestone to test the CKM paradigm. We,
therefore, undertake a critical appraisal of the existing experimental and
theoretical inputs used to deduce constraints on sin(2 beta) and other
important parameters and thus find, in particular, sin(2 beta) > 0.50 at 95% CL
which is completely compatible with the combined experimental result: sin(2
beta) = 0.46 +- 0.17, representing an important success of the CKM model of CP
violation. Searches for new physics in B decays to psi+K0 like final states
will require improved precision; we make some suggestions to facilitate these.
We also present a global fit including the new CP asymmetry measurements in
B->psi+K0 as an additional input yielding e.g. gamma =29-56 degrees, eta-bar =
>.19-.36, rho-bar=.15-.37, Jcp=(1.8 - 3.0) X 10^(-5), $Br(K+ -> pi+ nu
nu-bar)=(0.51 - 0.90) X 10^(-10) and Br(KL -> pi0 nu nu-bar) = (0.11 - 0.31) X
10^(-10) at 95% CL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168085 </DOCNO>
Efficient bipartite quantum state purification in arbitrary dimensional


  A new purification scheme is proposed which applies to arbitrary dimensional
bipartite quantum systems. It is based on the repeated application of a special
class of nonlinear quantum maps and a single, local unitary operation. This
special class of nonlinear quantum maps is generated in a natural way by a
hermitian generalized XOR-gate. The proposed purification scheme offers two
major advantages, namely it does not require local depolarization operations at
each step of the purification procedure and it purifies more efficiently than
other know purification schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85692 </DOCNO>
A brief review of Regge calculus in classical numerical relativity


  We briefly review past applications of Regge calculus in classical numerical
relativity, and then outline a programme for the future development of the
field. We briefly describe the success of lattice gravity in constructing
initial data for the head-on collision of equal mass black holes, and discuss
recent results on the efficacy of Regge calculus in the continuum limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126664 </DOCNO>
Detection of the 67.9 keV and 78.4 keV lines associated with the


  We report the detection of the Sc-44 nuclear decay lines at 67.9 keV and 78.4
keV associated with the nuclear decay of Ti-44 in Cassiopeia A. The line
emission was observed by the PDS instrument on board BeppoSAX, which recently
observed the supernova remnant for over 500 ks. The detection of the line
emission with a flux of (2.1 +/-0.7) 10^{-5} ph/cm^2/s in each line (90%
confidence) is at the 5 sigma significance level, if we can assume that the
12-300 keV continuum is adequately represented by a single power law. However,
as the nature of the continuum is not clear we investigate various other
possibilities. A more conservative estimate of the line flux is made by
assuming that a power law continuum is at least a good approximation to the
continuum emission for a narrower 30-100 keV energy range. With this limitation
the measured line flux is (1.9 +/- 0.9) 10^{-5} ph/cm^2/s, with the detection
still at the 3.4 sigma significance level. We suggest that together with the
CGRO-COMPTEL measurement of the Ca-44 line at 1157 keV of (3.5 +/- 0.9) 10^{-5}
ph/cm^2/s a flux for all three lines of (2.5 +/- 1.0) 10^{-5} ph/cm^2/s for Cas
A can be adopted. This implies an initial Ti-44 mass of (0.8 - 2.5) 10^{-4}
Msun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174716 </DOCNO>
Anomalous rotational-alignment in N=Z nuclei and residual neutron-proton


  Recent experiments have demonstrated that the rotational-alignment for the
$N=Z$ nuclei in the mass-80 region is considerably delayed as compared to the
neighboring $N \ne Z$ nuclei. We investigate whether this observation can be
understood by a known component of nuclear residual interactions. It is shown
that the quadrupole-pairing interaction, which explains many of the delays
known in rare-earth nuclei, does not produce the substantial delay observed for
these $N=Z$ nuclei. However, the residual neutron-proton interaction which is
conjectured to be relevant for $N=Z$ nuclei is shown to be quite important in
explaining the new experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2405 </DOCNO>
Non-Fermi Liquid in a Truncated Two-Dimensional Fermi Surface


  Using perturbation theory and the field theoretical renormalization group
approach we consider a two-dimensional anisotropic truncated Fermi Surface((FS)
) with both flat and curved sectors which approximately simulates the ``cold''
and ``hot'' spots in the cuprate superconductors. We calculate the one-particle
two-loop irreducible functions (\Gamma ^{(2)}) and (\Gamma ^{(4)}) as well as
the spin, the charge and pairing response functions up to one-loop order. We
find non-trivial infrared stable fixed points and we show that there are
important effects produced by the mixing of the existing scattering channels in
higher order of perturbation theory. Our results indicate that the ``cold ``
spots are turned into a non-Fermi liquid with divergents (\partial
\Sigma_{0}/\partial p_{0}) and (\partial \Sigma_{0}/\partial \bar{p}), a
vanishing (Z) and either a finite or zero ``Fermi velocity'' at (FS) when the
effects produced by the flat portions are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114114 </DOCNO>
The influence of the dechanneling process on the photon emission by an


  We investigate, both analytically and numerically, the influence of the
dechanneling process on the parameters of undulator radiation generated by
ultra-relativistic positron channelling along a crystal plane, which is
periodically bent. The bending might be due either to the propagation of a
transverse acoustic wave through the crystal, or due to the static strain as it
occurs in superlattices. In either case the periodically bent crystal serves as
an undulator which allows to generate X-ray and gamma-radiation.
  We propose the scheme for accurate quantitative treatment of the radiation in
presence of the dechanneling. The scheme includes (i) the analytic expression
for spectral-angular distribution which contains, as a parameter, the
dechanneling length, (ii) the simulation procedure of the dechanneling process
of a positron in periodically bent crystals. Using these we calculate the
dechanneling lengths of 5 GeV positrons channeling in Si, Ge and W crystals,
and the spectral-angular and spectral distributions of the undulator over broad
ranges of the photons. The calculations are performed for various parameters of
the channel bending.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75978 </DOCNO>
Bulk versus brane running couplings


  A simplified higher dimensional Randall-Sundrum-like model in 6 dimensions is
considered. It has been observed previously by Goldberger and Wise that in such
a self-interacting scalar theory on the bulk with a conical singularity there
is mixing of renormalization of 4d brane couplings with that of the bulk
couplings. We study the influence of the running bulk couplings on the running
of the 4d brane couplings. We find that bulk quantum effects may completely
alter the running of brane couplings. In particular, the structure of the
Landau pole may be drastically altered and non-asymptotically free running may
turn into asymptotically safe (or free) behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174737 </DOCNO>
Status of delayed-neutron precursor data: Half-lives and neutron


  We present in this paper a compilation of the present status of experimental
delayed-neutron precursor data; i.e. beta-decay half-lives (T_1/2) and neutron
emission probabilities (P_n) in the fission-product region (27 <= Z <= 57).
These data are compared to two model predictions of substantially different
sophistication: (i) an update of the empirical Kratz-Herrmann formula (KHF),
and (ii) a unified macroscopic-microscopic model within the quasi-particle
random-phase approximation (QRPA). Both models are also used to calculate so
far unknown T_1/2 and P_n values up to Z=63. A number of possible refinements
in the microscopic calculations are suggested to further improve the
nuclear-physics foundation of these data for reactor and astrophysical
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169035 </DOCNO>
Quantum key distribution using non-classical photon number correlations


  We propose a new scheme for quantum key distribution using macroscopic
non-classical pulses of light having of the order 10^6 photons per pulse.
Sub-shot-noise quantum correlation between the two polarization modes in a
pulse gives the necessary sensitivity to eavesdropping that ensures the
security of the protocol. We consider pulses of two-mode squeezed light
generated by a type-II seeded parametric amplification process. We analyze the
security of the system in terms of the effect of an eavesdropper on the bit
error rates for the legitimate parties in the key distribution system. We also
consider the effects of imperfect detectors and lossy channels on the security
of the scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6761 </DOCNO>
Evidence of local magnetic order in hcp iron from Raman mode splitting


  Experimental measurements of Raman spectra for hcp iron at high pressure show
two modes over a considerable pressure range in contrast to the prediction of
one doubly degenerate mode for the hcp lattice. We use density functional
theory to investigate the influence of magnetic order on the Raman active modes
of hcp iron. We find an antiferromagnetic state that lifts the degeneracy of
the transverse optical mode, and yields stable antiferromagnetic moments up to
approximately 60 GPa (55 Bohr$^3$). The resulting frequencies of the two
transverse optical modes are in good agreement with the experimental Raman
shifts, lending support to the existence of local antiferromagnetic order in
hcp iron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98693 </DOCNO>
Real zeros of quadratic Dirichlet L-functions


  We show that for a positive proportion of real primitive Dirichlet characters
chi, the associated Dirichlet L-function L(s,chi) has no zeros on the positive
real axis. Prior to this it was not known whether or not there were infinitely
many L-functions (from any family) with no positive real zeros.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123368 </DOCNO>
Population clustering as a signal for deconfinement in accreting compact


  We study the evolution of the rotation frequency for accreting compact stars.
The discontinuous change of the moment of inertia of a rapidly rotating star
due to the possible quark core appearance entails a characteristic change in
the spin evolution. Numerical solutions have been performed using a model
equation of state describing the deconfinement phase transition. Trajectories
of spin evolution are discussed in the angular velocity - baryon number plane
(phase diagram) for different accretion scenarios defined by the initial values
of mass and magnetic field of the star, as well as mass accretion rate and
magnetic field decay time. We observe a characteristic increase in the waiting
time when a configuration enters the quark core regime. Overclustering of the
population of Z sources of LMXBs in the phase diagram is suggested as a direct
measurement of the critical line for the deconfinement phase transition since
it is related to the behaviour of the moment of inertia of the compact star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7036 </DOCNO>
Uninfected random walkers in one dimension


  We consider a system of unbiased diffusing walkers (A0 <-> 0A) in one
dimension with random initial conditions. We investigate numerically the
relation between the fraction of walkers, U(t), which have never encountered
another walker up to time t, calling such walkers ``uninfected'' and the
fraction of sites, P(t), which have never been visited by a diffusing particle.
We extend our study to include the A + B -> 0 diffusion-limited reaction in
one-dimension, with equal initial densities of A and B particles distributed
homogeneously at t=0. We find U(t) \simeq [P(t)]^\gamma, with \gamma \simeq
1.39, in both models, though there is evidence that a smaller value of \gamma
is required for t -> infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6958 </DOCNO>
Large Thermoelectric Power Factor in TiS2 Crystal with Nearly


  A TiS$_{2}$ crystal with a layered structure was found to have a large
thermoelectric power factor.The in-plane power factor $S^{2}/ \rho$ at 300 K is
37.1~$\mu$W/K$^{2}$cm with resistivity ($\rho$) of 1.7 m$\Omega$cm and
thermopower ($S$) of -251~$\mu$V/K, and this value is comparable to that of the
best thermoelectric material, Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ alloy. The electrical
resistivity shows both metallic and highly anisotropic behaviors, suggesting
that the electronic structure of this TiS$_{2}$ crystal has a
quasi-two-dimensional nature. The large thermoelectric response can be ascribed
to the large density of state just above the Fermi energy and inter-valley
scattering. In spite of the large power factor, the figure of merit, $ZT$ of
TiS$_{2}$ is 0.16 at 300 K, because of relatively large thermal conductivity,
68~mW/Kcm. However, most of this value comes from reducible lattice
contribution. Thus, $ZT$ can be improved by reducing lattice thermal
conductivity, e.g., by introducing a rattling unit into the inter-layer sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148081 </DOCNO>
Extended Lambda-Maxwell duality and related large class of dyonic and


  We report the discovered class of exact static solutions of several 4D
Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton systems: string-induced, Liouville, trigonometric,
polynomial, etc., for three basic topologies (spherical, hyperbolical and flat)
being uniformly treated. In addition to the usual electric-magnetic duality
this class obeys a certain extended duality between Maxwell-dilaton coupling
and dilaton mass. Though major solutions we obtain are dyonic, the class also
comprises interesting neutral models.
  As a by-product, we significantly succeded in resolving of the two important
problems, one of which has been standing more than a decade (system with the
string-inspired exponential Maxwell-dilaton coupling and non-vanishing dilaton
mass) and another one - gravity coupled to massive neutral scalar field:
generalized Liouville, Sin(h), Cos(h) - is about fifty years old.
  Finally, we demonstrate the full separability of the static EMD system and
publicize the simple procedure of how to generate new integrability classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41455 </DOCNO>
Implications of Recent $\bar{B}^0\to D^{(*)0}X^0$ Measurements


  The recent measurements of the color-suppressed modes $\bar B^0\to
D^{(*)0}\pi^0$ imply non-vanishing relative final-state interaction (FSI)
phases among various $\bar B\to D\pi$ decay amplitudes. Depending on whether or
not FSIs are implemented in the topological quark-diagram amplitudes, two
solutions for the parameters $a_1$ and $a_2$ are extracted from data using
various form-factor models. It is found that $a_2$ is not universal:
$|a_2(D\pi)|= 0.40-0.55$ and $|a_2(D^*\pi)|= 0.25-0.35$ with a relative phase
of order $(50-55)^\circ$ between $a_1$ and $a_2$. If FSIs are not included in
quark-diagram amplitudes from the outset, $a_2^{eff}/a_1^{eff}$ and $a_2^{eff}$
will become smaller. The large value of $|a_2(D\pi)|$ compared to
$|a_2^{eff}(D\pi)|$ or naive expectation implies the importance of
long-distance FSI contributions to color-suppressed internal $W$-emission via
final-state rescatterings of the color-allowed tree amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72480 </DOCNO>
Sphalerons in Two Higgs Doublet Theories


  We undertake a comprehensive investigation of the properties of the sphaleron
in electroweak theories with two Higgs doublets. We do this in as
model-independent a way as possible: by exploring the physical parameter space
described by the masses and mixing angles of the Higgs particles. If there is a
large split in the masses of the neutral Higgs particles, there can be several
sphaleron solutions, distinguished by their properties under parity and the
behaviour of the Higgs field at the origin. In general, these solutions appear
in parity conjugate pairs and are not spherically symmetric, although the
departure from spherical symmetry is small. Including CP violation in the Higgs
potential can change the energy of the sphaleron by up to 14 percent for a
given set of Higgs masses, with significant implications for the baryogenesis
bound on the mass of the lightest Higgs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1317 </DOCNO>
Time-domain atom interferometry across the threshold for Bose-Einstein


  We have performed time-domain interferometry experiments with matter waves
trapped in an harmonic potential above and below the Bose-Einstein phase
transition. We interrogate the atoms according to the method of separated
oscillating fields, with a sequence of two radio-frequency pulses, separated by
a time delay T. We observe the oscillation of the population between two
internal Zeeman states, as a function of the delay T.
  We find a strong depletion of the interference fringes for both the Bose
condensates and the thermal clouds above condensation, even at very short
times, when the clouds are still overlapping. Actually, we explain the observed
loss of contrast in terms of phase patterns imprinted by the relative motion,
as a consequence of the entanglement between the internal and external states
of the trapped atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4125 </DOCNO>
Theory of sound propagation in superfluid-filled porous media


  The theory of sound propagation in macroscopically isotropic and homogeneous
porous media saturated with superfluid ^4He(so-called He II) has been developed
neglecting all damping processes. The case when the normal fluid component is
locked inside a porous medium by viscous forces is investigated in detail. It
is shown that in this case one shear wave and two longitudinal, fast and slow,
waves exist. Fast wave as well as slow wave is accompanied with temperature
oscillations. The velocities of these waves are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3872 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological two-gap model for the specific heat of MgB_2


  We show that the specific heat of the superconductor MgB_2 (MgB2) in zero
field, for which significant non-BCS features have been reported, can be
fitted, essentially within experimental error, over the entire range of
temperature to T_c by a phenomenological two-gap model. The resulting gap
parameters agree with previous determinations from band-structure calculations,
and from various spectroscopic experiments. The determination from specific
heat, a bulk property, shows that the presence of two superconducting gaps in
MgB_2 is a volume effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127039 </DOCNO>
Structure of Dark Matter Halos From Hierarchical Clustering: II.


  We investigate the structure of the dark matter halo formed in three
different cold dark matter scenarios. We performed N-body simulations of
formation of 13 cluster-sized halos. In all runs, density cusps proportional to
$r^{-1.5}$ developed at the center. This result was independent of the
cosmological models we simulated. We could not reproduce the cusp shallower
than $r^{-1.5}$, which was obtained in some of previous studies. We also found
that in all runs the density structure evolves in a self-similar way, even in
$\Omega\ne 1$ universes. These results show that the formation of structural
form is a process decoupled from a background cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127056 </DOCNO>
The Future of Fe-K Line Diagnostics for Probing Strong Gravity


  We review what we have learnt with ASCA from studying the Fe-K lines in AGN
and describe a program to deconvolve the narrow, non-disk components of the
lines with Chandra. This is necessary to derive the correct profiles of the
broad, relativistic lines obtained using data from XMM and other
high-throughput instruments. Since reverberation techniques are now not looking
promising, we present Constellation-X simulations showing an alternative way we
might be able to measure black-hole mass and spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81305 </DOCNO>
The Static Potential to O(\alpha^2) in Lattice Perturbation Theory


  We present a calculation of Wilson loops, and the static inter-quark
potential to $O(\alpha^2)$ in lattice perturbation theory. This is carried out
with the Wilson, Symanzik-Weisz, and Iwasaki gauge actions and the Wilson,
Sheikholeslami-Wohlert, and Kogut-Susskind dynamical fermion action for small
Wilson loops, and with the Wilson gauge action and each of the dynamical quark
actions in the case of the static potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150216 </DOCNO>
Oblate, Toroidal, and Other Shapes for the Enhancon


  We present some results of studying certain axially symmetric supergravity
geometries corresponding to a distribution of BPS D6-branes wrapped on K3,
obtained as extremal limits of a rotating solution. The geometry's unphysical
regions resulting from the wrapping can be repaired by the enhancon mechanism,
with the result that there are two nested enhancon shells. For a range of
parameters, the two shells merge into a single toroidal surface. Given the
quite intricate nature of the geometry, it is an interesting system in which to
test previous techniques that have been brought to bear in spherically
symmetric situations. We are able to check the consistency of the construction
using supergravity surgery techniques, and probe brane results. Implications
for the Coulomb branch of (2+1)-dimensional pure SU(N) gauge theory are
extracted from the geometry. Related results for wrapped D4- and D5-brane
distributions are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72551 </DOCNO>
Study of relativistic bound states in a scalar model using


  We use a recently proposed diagonalization/Monte Carlo computational scheme
to study relativistic two-body and three-body bound states in 1+1 dimensional
phi^6-phi^4 theory. We find that the approach is well-suited for calculating
bound state energies and wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168455 </DOCNO>
High efficiency Nondistortion Quantum Interrogation of atoms in quantum


  We consider the nondistortion quantum interrogation (NQI) of an atom prepared
in a quantum superposition. By manipulating the polarization of the probe
photon and making connections to interaction free measurements of opaque
objects, we show that nondistortion interrogation of an atom in a quantum
superposition can be done with efficiency approaching unity. However, if any
component of the atom's superposition is completely transparent to the probe
wave function, a nondistortion interrogation of the atom is impossible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 414 </DOCNO>
Coupling of Nonlocal Potentials to Electromagnetic Fields


  Nonlocal Hamiltonians are used widely in first-principles quantum
calculations; the nonlocality stems from eliminating undesired degrees of
freedom, e.g. core electrons. To date, attempts to couple nonlocal systems to
external electromagnetic (EM) fields have been heuristic or limited to weak or
long wavelength fields. Using Feynman path integrals, we derive an exact,
closed-form coupling of arbitrary EM fields to nonlocal systems. Our results
justify and clarify the couplings used to date and are essential for systematic
computation of linear and especially nonlinear response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168527 </DOCNO>
Foundations of quantum physics: a general realistic and operational


  We present a general formalism with the aim of describing the situation of an
entity, how it is, how it reacts to experiments, how we can make statistics
with it, and how it changes under the influence of the rest of the universe.
Therefore we base our formalism on the following basic notions: (1) the states
of the entity; they describe the modes of being of the entity, (2) the
experiments that can be performed on the entity; they describe how we act upon
and collect knowledge about the entity, (3) the probabilities; they describe
our repeated experiments and the statistics of these repeated experiments, (4)
the symmetries; they describe the interactions of the entity with the external
world without being experimented upon. Starting from these basic notions we
formulate the necessary derived notions: mixed states, mixed experiments and
events, an eigen closure structure describing the properties of the entity, an
ortho closure structure introducing an orthocomplementation, outcome
determination, experiment determination, state determination and atomicity
giving rise to some of the topological separation axioms for the closures. We
define the notion of sub entity in a general way and identify the morphisms of
our structure. We study specific examples in detail in the light of this
formalism: a classical deterministic entity and a quantum entity described by
the standard quantum mechanical formalism. We present a possible solution to
the problem of the description of sub entities within the standard quantum
mechanical procedure using the tensor product of the Hilbert spaces, by
introducing a new completed quantum mechanics in Hilbert space, were new 'pure'
states are introduced, not represented by rays of the Hilbert space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123463 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Shapes of Molecular Cloud Cores


  We conduct an analysis of the shapes of molecular cloud cores using recently
compiled catalogs of observed axis ratios of individual cores mapped in ammonia
or through optical selection. We apply both analytical and statistical
techniques to deproject the observed axis ratios in order to determine the true
distribution of cloud core shapes. We find that neither pure oblate nor pure
prolate cores can account for the observed distribution of core shapes.
Intrinsically triaxial cores produce distributions which agree with
observations. The best-fit triaxial distribution contains cores which are more
nearly oblate than prolate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169169 </DOCNO>
Perturbation Approach for a Solid-State Quantum Computation


  The dynamics of the nuclear-spin quantum computer with large number (L=1000)
of qubits is considered using a perturbation approach, based on approximate
diagonalization of exponentially large sparse matrices. Small parameters are
introduced and used to compute the error in implementation of entanglement
between remote qubits, by applying a sequence of resonant radio-frequency
pulses. The results of the perturbation theory are tested using exact numerical
solutions for small number of qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75825 </DOCNO>
Top quark pair production and decay into 6 fermions at linear colliders


  The production of a t\bar{t}-pair and its decay into a 6 fermion final state
of different flavours in e+e- annihilation at centre of mass energies typical
for linear colliders is analyzed in the framework of the Standard Model. The
results of calculation based on exact matrix elements at the tree level and
full 6 particle phase space are compared with a few different approximations.
It is shown that the effects related to off-shellness of the t\bar{t}-pair and
background contributions are sizable both in the continuum and at the
threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40882 </DOCNO>
Transition to the region of central collisions


  The experimental results on the behaviour of the characteristics of secondary
particles depending on the disintegration degree of nuclei are used to
determine the region of central collisions. It was therefore possible that : -
the correlation between the prosesses of total disintegration of nuclei and the
central collisions of nuclei had been shown; - the existence of the regime
change points in the behaviour of the considered characteristics of secondary
particles depending on the disintegration degree of nuclei had been observed in
the other earlier experiments as well. The number of all protons in
12CC-interactions at the momentum of 4.2 A GeV/c obtained from the 2-m propane
bubble chamber exposed at the Dubna machine is considered as a disintegration
degree of nuclei. The experimental results demonstrate that there are cases
corresponding to the critical phenomena among the events with the central
collisions of nuclei. For 12CC-interaction the behaviour of the number of the
events, depending on Q also depends on the number of fragments and has a
two-steps form. This result could be explained by the existence of nuclear
clusters. The experimental results on the relation between the number of
events, the angular distributions of protons and full number of protons are
presented for 12CC-interactions at the momentum of 4.2 A GeV/c. The influence
of nuclear fragmentation process on the results is also considered. The
obtained results confirm the assumption that there exist the critical phenomena
among the central collisions and it is necessary to use a percolation approach
for the full description of the central collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174844 </DOCNO>
The quasielastic 2H(e,e'p)n reaction at high recoil momenta


  The 2H(e,e'p)n cross section was measured in Hall A of the Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility (JLab) in quasielastic kinematics (x=0.96) at a
four-momentum transfer squared, Q^2=0.67 (GeV/c)^2. The experiment was
performed in fixed electron kinematics for recoil momenta from zero to 550
MeV/c. Though the measured cross section deviates by 1-2 sigma from a
state-of-the-art calculation at low recoil momenta, it agrees at high recoil
momenta where final state interactions (FSI) are predicted to be large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73059 </DOCNO>
QCD corrections to FCNC single top production at HERA


  We calculate first-order QCD corrections to the cross section for single top
quark production mediated by flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC) in ep
collisions at the HERA collider. We find that the uncertainty due to the choice
of the QCD scale is significantly reduced. This study is motivated by the
current experimental work for limits on the FCNC single top cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2443 </DOCNO>
Energy, interaction, and photoluminescence of spin-reversed


  The energy and photoluminescence spectra of a two-dimensional electron gas in
the fractional quantum Hall regime are studied. The single-particle properties
of reversed-spin quasielectrons (QE$_{\rm R}$'s) as well as the
pseudopotentials of their interaction with one another and with Laughlin
quasielectrons (QE's) and quasiholes (QH's) are calculated. Based on the
short-range character of the QE$_{\rm R}$--QE$_{\rm R}$ and QE$_{\rm R}$--QE
repulsion, the partially unpolarized incompressible states at the filling
factors $\nu={4\over11}$ and ${5\over13}$ are postulated within Haldane's
hierarchy scheme. To describe photoluminescence, the family of bound
$h($QE$_{\rm R})_n$ states of a valence hole $h$ and $n$ QE$_{\rm R}$'s are
predicted in analogy to the found earlier fractionally charged excitons
$h$QE$_n$. The binding energy and optical selection rules for both families are
compared. The $h$QE$_{\rm R}$ is found radiative in contrast to the dark $h$QE,
and the $h($QE$_{\rm R})_2$ is found non-radiative in contrast to the bright
$h$QE$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125427 </DOCNO>
Observations of the Optical Counterpart to XTE J1118+480 During Outburst


  The X-ray nova XTE J1118+480 exhibited two outbursts in the early part of
2000. As detected by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), the first outburst
began in early January and the second began in early March. Routine imaging of
the northern sky by the Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (ROTSE)
shows the optical counterpart to XTE J1118+480 during both outbursts. These
data include over 60 epochs from January to June 2000. A search of the ROTSE
data archives reveal no previous optical outbursts of this source in selected
data between April 1998 and January 2000. While the X-ray to optical flux ratio
of XTE J1118+480 was low during both outbursts, we suggest that they were full
X-ray novae and not mini-outbursts based on comparison with similar sources.
The ROTSE measurements taken during the March 2000 outburst also indicate a
rapid rise in the optical flux that preceded the X-ray emission measured by the
RXTE by approximately 10 days. Using these results, we estimate a pre-outburst
accretion disk inner truncation radius of 1.2 x 10^4 Schwarzschild radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40700 </DOCNO>
MACRO and the atmospheric neutrino problem


  After a brief presentation of the MACRO detector we discuss the updated data
on atmospheric muon neutrinos, and the interpretation in terms of neutrino
oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113916 </DOCNO>
Exploring closed-loop feedback control using experiments in optics


  We present two experiments in closed-loop feedback control. In the first
experiment, students control the pointing angle of a laser to "lock" the laser
onto a "target." In the second, students stabilize the pathlength difference in
two arms of a Michelson interferometer. These experiments are appropriate for
electronics and optics laboratory classes for junior and senior level students.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97400 </DOCNO>
Simple roots of deformed preprojective algebras


  W. Crawley-Boevey has given a description of the set of dimension vectors of
simple representations of the deformed preprojective algebras. In this note we
give alternative descriptions. Note however that our descriptions depend on
irreducibility of the quotient varieties, so they do NOT give a shorter proof
of Crawley-Boevey's result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124189 </DOCNO>
X-Ray and Radio Observations of Bright GeV Sources


  We present X-ray and radio studies of sources which are brightabove 1 GeV
(F_{>1GeV} > 4e-8 ph/cm^2/s. Only 11 out of ~30 of these gamma-ray sources have
been identified with lower energy counterparts: 5 blazars and 6 pulsars. Three
of these pulsars are surrounded by radio pulsar wind nebulae (PWN), two of
which are also seen as bright, extended X-ray synchrotron nebulae. The ASCA
X-ray telescope has observed 28 of the bright GeV sources, revealing an excess
of F_{2-10keV} > 10e-12 ergs/cm^2/s sources within the {\it EGRET} error
contours of the unidentified sources. Although several supernova remnants are
positionally coincident with these sources, we find no X-ray evidence of high
energy particle production in SNR shell shocks consistent with the GeV
positions. We also present initial results from follow on radio imaging studies
of several fields containing unidentified sources. We have discovered new
X-ray/radio nebulae in three of these fields which are strong candidates for
PWN. These sources, along with a similar nebula in CTA 1 and the PWN around PSR
B1853+01 in W44, are all positionally coincident with variable EGRET sources.
This suggests a class of variable gamma-ray sources associated with synchrotron
emitting regions powered by the winds of young pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41144 </DOCNO>
QCD Studies in Two-Photon Collisions at CLEO


  We review QCD results of CLEO two-photon analyses and discuss the
measurements of two-photon partial widths of charmonium and cross sections for
hadron pairs production, antisearch for glueballs and the measurements of
$\gamma^*\gamma \to$ pseudoscalar meson transition form factors. We emphasize
the importance of other possible analyses, favorable trigger conditions and
selection criteria of the presently running experiment and the advantages of
CLEOc - the future $\tau$-charm factory at Cornell with the existing CLEO III
detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41150 </DOCNO>
The JHF-Kamioka neutrino project


  The JHF-Kamioka neutrino project is a second generation long base line
neutrino oscillation experiment that probes physics beyond the Standard Model
by high precision measurements of the neutrino masses and mixing. A high
intensity narrow band neutrino beam is produced by secondary pions created by a
high intensity proton synchrotron at JHF (JAERI). The neutrino energy is tuned
to the oscillation maximum at ~1 GeV for a baseline length of 295 km towards
the world largest water Cerenkov detector, Super-Kamiokande. Its excellent
energy resolution and particle identification enable the reconstruction of the
initial neutrino energy, which is compared with the narrow band neutrino
energy, through the quasi-elastic interaction. The physics goal of the first
phase is an order of magnitude better precision in the nu_mu to nu_tau
oscillation measurement (delta(Delta m_23^2)=10^-4 eV^2 and
delta(sin^22theta_23)=0.01), a factor of 20 more sensitive search in the nu_mu
to nu_e appearance (sin^22theta_{mu e} ~ 0.5sin^22theta_{13}>0.003), and a
confirmation of the nu_mu to nu_tau oscillation or discovery of sterile
neutrinos by detecting the neutral current events. In the second phase, an
upgrade of the accelerator from 0.75 MW to 4 MW in beam power and the
construction of 1 Mt Hyper-Kamiokande detector at Kamioka site are envisaged.
Another order of magnitude improvement in the nu_mu to nu_e oscillation
sensitivity, a sensitive search of the CP violation in the lepton sector (CP
phase "delta" down to 10-20 degrees), and an order of magnitude improvement in
the proton decay sensitivity is also expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4119 </DOCNO>
Normal stresses at the gelation transition


  A simple Rouse-type model, generalised to incorporate the effects of chemical
crosslinks, is used to obtain a theoretical prediction for the critical
behaviour of the normal-stress coefficients $\Psi_{1}$ and $\Psi_{2}$ at the
gelation transition. While the exact calculation shows $\Psi_{2}\equiv 0$, a
typical result for these types of models, an additional scaling ansatz is used
to demonstrate that $\Psi_{1}$ diverges with a critical exponent $\ell = k+z$.
Here, $k$ denotes the critical exponent of the shear viscosity and $z$ the
exponent governing the divergence of the time scale in the Kohlrausch decay of
the shear-stress relaxation function. For crosslinks distributed according to
mean-field percolation, this scaling relation yields $\ell =3$, in a accordance
with an exact expression for the first normal-stress coefficient based on a
replica calculation. Alternatively, using three-dimensional percolation for the
crosslink ensemble we find the value $\ell \approx 4.9$. Results on
time-dependent normal-stress response are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97790 </DOCNO>
Swan Conductors and Torsion in the Logarithmic de Rham Complex


  Using a recent work of K.Kato and T.Saito we give a logarithmic version of a
formula of S.Bloch in ramification theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6927 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation-dissipation relations in the activated regime of simple


  We study the out-of-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation (FD) relations in the
low temperature, finite time, physical aging regime of two simple models with
strong glass behaviour, the one-dimensional Fredrickson-Andersen model and the
two-dimensional square-plaquette interaction model. We explicitly show the
existence of unique, waiting-time independent dynamical FD relations. While in
the Fredrickson-Andersen model the FD theorem is obeyed at all times, the 2D
plaquette model displays piecewise linear FD relations, similar to what is
found in disordered mean-field models and in simulations of supercooled
liquids, and despite the fact that its static properties are trivial. We
discuss the wider implications of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74803 </DOCNO>
Two-loop Higgs mass in supersymmetric Kaluza-Klein theories


  We perform an explicit two-loop computation of the Higgs mass in a
five-dimensional supersymmetric theory compactified on the orbifold S^1/Z_2,
with superpotential localized on a fixed-point brane and supersymmetry broken
in the bulk of the extra dimension by Scherk-Schwarz boundary conditions. At
one-loop, the Higgs mass is finite and proportional to 1/R^2, R being the
radius of the extra dimension. The two-loop corrections contain finite
proportional to 1/R^2 and linearly divergent Lambda/R terms, where Lambda is
the cutoff of the five-dimensional theory. The divergent terms are cancelled by
diagrams containing one-loop wave-function renormalization counterterms, i.e.
by linear threshold effects of Yukawa (and gauge) couplings, at the scale 1/R.
As a result there is no counterterm for the Higgs mass, which is finite and
calculable to the considered order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83713 </DOCNO>
Computing Complete Graph Isomorphisms and Hamiltonian Cycles from


  We prove that computing a single pair of vertices that are mapped onto each
other by an isomorphism $\phi$ between two isomorphic graphs is as hard as
computing $\phi$ itself. This result optimally improves upon a result of
G\'{a}l et al. We establish a similar, albeit slightly weaker, result about
computing complete Hamiltonian cycles of a graph from partial Hamiltonian
cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5885 </DOCNO>
The XXZ spin chain at $\Delta=- {1/2}$: Bethe roots, symmetric functions


  A number of conjectures have been given recently concerning the connection
between the antiferromagnetic XXZ spin chain at $\Delta = - \frac12$ and
various symmetry classes of alternating sign matrices. Here we use the
integrability of the XXZ chain to gain further insight into these developments.
In doing so we obtain a number of new results using Baxter's $Q$ function for
the XXZ chain for periodic, twisted and open boundary conditions. These include
expressions for the elementary symmetric functions evaluated at the groundstate
solution of the Bethe roots. In this approach Schur functions play a central
role and enable us to derive determinant expressions which appear in certain
natural double products over the Bethe roots. When evaluated these give rise to
the numbers counting different symmetry classes of alternating sign matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73607 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to top quark spin correlations at


  We have computed the cross section for $t\bar t$ production by gluon-gluon
fusion at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the QCD coupling, keeping the full
dependence on the $t\bar t$ spins. Furthermore we have determined to the same
order the spin dependent cross sections for the processes $g + q ({\bar q})\to
t {\bar t} + q ({\bar q})$. Together with our previous results for $q + {\bar
q} \to t {\bar t} (g)$ these results allow for predictions, at NLO QCD, of the
hadronic production of $t\bar t$ pairs in a general spin configuration. As an
application we have determined the degree of correlation of the $t$ and $\bar
t$ spins at NLO, using various spin quantisation axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97670 </DOCNO>
Moduli space of real abelian varieties with level structure


  The moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties with real
structure and with level $N=4m$ structure (with $m \ge 1$) is shown to coincide
with the set of real points of a quasi-projective algebraic variety defined
over $\mathbb Q$, and to consist of finitely many copies of the quotient of the
space $\mathbf{GL}(n, \mathbb R)/\mathbf O(N)$ (of positive definite symmetric
matrices) by the principal congruence subgroup of level $N$ in $\mathbf{GL}(n,
\mathbb Z).$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127519 </DOCNO>
S 111 and the polarization of the B[e] supergiants in the Magellanic


  We have obtained linear polarization measurements of the Large Magellanic
Cloud B[e] supergiant S 111 using optical imaging polarimetry. The intrinsic
polarization found is consistent with the presence of an axisymmetric
circumstellar envelope. We have additionally estimated the electron density for
S 111 using data from the literature and revisited the correlation between
polarization and envelope parameters of the B[e] supergiant stars using more
recent IR calibration color data. The data suggest that the polarization can be
indeed explained by electron scattering. We have used Monte Carlo codes to
model the continuum polarization of the Magellanic B[e] supergiants. The
results indicate that the electron density distribution in their envelopes is
closer to a homogeneous distribution rather than an r$^{-2}$ dependence. At the
same time, the data are best fitted by a spherical distribution with density
contrast than a cylindrical distribution. The data and the model results
support the idea of the presence of an equatorial disk and of the two-component
wind model for the envelopes of the B[e] supergiants. Spectropolarimetry would
help further our knowledge of these envelopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114245 </DOCNO>
Kinetic temperature gradient driven modes in inhomogeneous plasmas


  New unstable temperature gradient driven modes in an inhomogeneous plasma are
identified. These modes represent transient $\omega \simeq k_{\Vert
}v_{th}^{(e,i)}$ sound oscillations in magnetized plasma that are kinetically
destabilized via Landau interactions. Electron and ion sound branches are
unstable for large values of the Larmor radius parameter $% k_{\bot}\rho
_{e,i}\gg 1,$ respectively. The instability occurs due to a specific plasma
response that significantly deviates from Boltzmann distribution in the region
$k_{\bot}\rho_{i,e}\gg 1$ . Pacs: 52.35 Kt, 52.35 Qz

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168153 </DOCNO>
The Bell Inequality and Entanglement


  Entanglement is a critical resource used in many current quantum information
schemes. As such entanglement has been extensively studied in two qubit systems
and its entanglement nature has been exhibited by violations of the Bell
inequality. Can the amount of violation of the Bell inequality be used to
quantify the degree of entanglement. What do Bell inequalities indicate about
the nature of entanglement?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148417 </DOCNO>
Holographic Trace Anomaly and Cocycle of Weyl Group


  The behavior of the divergent part of the bulk AdS/CFT effective action is
considered with respect to the special finite diffeomorphism transformations
acting on the boundary as a Weyl transformation of the boundary metric. The
resulting 1-cocycle of the Weyl group is in full agreement with the 1-cocycle
of the Weyl group obtained from the cohomological consideration of the
effective action of the corresponding CFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99120 </DOCNO>
Lower bounds for the number of closed billiard trajectories of period 2


  A lower bound for the number of 3-periodical billiard trajectories in a
manifold embedded in Euclidean space is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99256 </DOCNO>
Presentations for the monoids of singular braids on closed surfaces


  We give presentations, in terms of generators and relations, for the monoids
of singular braids on closed surfaces. The proof of the validity of these
presentations can also be applied to verify, in a new way, the presentations
given by Birman for the monoids of Singular Artin braids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95608 </DOCNO>
Duality for Coloured Quantum Groups


  Duality between the coloured quantum group and the coloured quantum algebra
corresponding to GL(2) is established. The coloured L^{\pm} functionals are
constructed and the dual algebra is derived explicitly. These functionals are
then employed to give a coloured generalisation of the differential calculus on
quantum GL(2) within the framework of the R-matrix approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98930 </DOCNO>
A global stability criterion for scalar functional differential


  We consider scalar delay differential equations $x'(t) = -\delta x(t) +
f(t,x_t) (*)$ with nonlinear f satisfying a sort of negative feedback condition
combined with a boundedness condition. The well known Mackey-Glass type
equations, equations satisfying the Yorke condition, equations with maxima are
kept within our considerations. Here, we establish a criterion for the global
asymptotical stability of a unique steady state to $(*)$. As an example, we
study Nicholson's blowflies equation, where our computations support Smith's
conjecture about the equivalence of global and local asymptotical stability in
this population model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127601 </DOCNO>
HST Ultraviolet and Ground-based Optical Spectropolarimetry of IRAS


  We present UV and optical spectropolarimetry of two highly polarized
IRAS-selected QSOs, IRAS 13349+2438 and the BALQSO IRAS 14026+4341. The
polarization in both objects rises rapidly toward the blue, peaks near 3000 A
in the rest frame and remains nearly constant for shorter wavelengths. The rest
frame optical polarized flux density spectra also increase rapidly towards the
blue, but then decrease dramatically below 3000 A. This distinctive wavelength
dependence of polarized flux shows that the polarization is produced by dust
scattering. As for many Seyfert, radio and Hyperluminous Infrared Galaxies
(HIGs), the lower polarization of the weak [O III] 4959,5007 lines in IRAS
13349+2438 suggests that the scattering grains lie interior to, or mixed with
the narrow line gas. We construct full radiative transfer models of these
systems consisting of a dusty sphere of modest optical depth illuminated
axisymmetrically from within by a powerlaw QSO spectrum. We show that this
simple model successfully reproduces the qualitative polarization properties of
the objects. Despite similarities to other IRAS-selected BALQSOs, our FOS
spectropolarimetry of IRAS 13349+2438 does not reveal broad absorption lines.
IRAS 14026+4341 has an Al III BAL in both scattered and total flux density. We
discuss these two objects in terms of both orientation and evolutionary unified
schemes for QSOs, BALQSOs and HIGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86765 </DOCNO>
Stability and chaos around multipolar deformed bodies: A general


  The exact solution to the Einstein equations that represents a static axially
symmetric source deformed by an internal quadrupole is considered. By using the
Poincare section method we numerically study the geodesic motion of test
particles. For the prolate quadrupolar deformations we found chaotic motions
contrary to the oblate case where only regular motion is found. We also study
the metric that represents a rotating black hole deformed by a quadrupolar
term. This metric is obtained as a two soliton solution in the context of
Belinsky--Zakharov inverse scattering method. The stability of geodesics
depends strongly on the relative direction of the spin of the center of
attraction and the test particle angular momentum. The rotation does not alter
the regularity of geodesic motions in the oblate case, i.e., the orbits in this
case remain regular. We also employ the method of Lyapounov characteristic
numbers to examine the stability of orbits evolving around deformed nonrotating
centers of attraction. The typical time to observe instability of orbits is
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114199 </DOCNO>
Recoil correction to the bound-electron $g$ factor in H-like atoms to


  The nuclear recoil correction to the bound-electron g factor in H-like atoms
is calculated to first order in $m/M$ and to all orders in $\alpha Z$. The
calculation is performed in the range $Z$=1-100. A large contribution of terms
of order $(\alpha Z)^5$ and higher is found. Even for hydrogen, the
higher-order correction exceeds the $(\alpha Z)^4$ term, while for uranium it
is above the leading $(\alpha Z)^2$ correction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98223 </DOCNO>
ACM bundles on a general quintic threefold


  We give a partial positive answer to a conjecture of Tyurin (\cite {Tyu}).
Indeed we prove that on a general quintic hypersurface of $\Pj^4$ every
arithmetically Cohen--Macaulay rank 2 vector bundle is infinitesimally rigid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113669 </DOCNO>
The HERMES Dual-Radiator Ring Imaging Cerenkov Detector


  The construction and use of a dual radiator Ring Imaging Cerenkov(RICH)
detector is described. This instrument was developed for the HERMES experiment
at DESY which emphasizes measurements of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic
scattering. It provides particle identification for pions, kaons, and protons
in the momentum range from 2 to 15 GeV, which is essential to these studies.
The instrument uses two radiators, C4F10, a heavy fluorocarbon gas, and a wall
of silica aerogel tiles. The use of aerogel in a RICH detector has only
recently become possible with the development of clear, large homogeneous and
hydrophobic aerogel. A lightweight mirror was constructed using a newly
perfected technique to make resin-coated carbon-fiber surfaces of optical
quality. The photon detector consists of 1934 photomultiplier tubes for each
detector half, held in a soft steel matrix to provide shielding against the
residual field of the main spectrometer magnet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98423 </DOCNO>
On the Ma\'{c}kowiak-Tymchatyn theorem


  In this paper we give new proofs of the theorem of Ma\'{c}kowiak and
Tymchatyn that every metric continuum is a weakly-confluent image of some
one-dimensional hereditarily indecomposable continuum of countable weight. The
first is a model-theoretic argument; the second is a topological proof inspired
by the first.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148913 </DOCNO>
D-branes on Noncommutative Orbifolds


  We study tachyon condensation on noncommutative toric orbifolds with a $Z_2$
discrete group and explore the various kins of brane bound states arising in
the case of irrational values of the B-field. We show that $Z_$ symmetry of the
orbifolds incorporates naturally anti-branes in the spectrum and leads to
equivalent results as those obtained by starting from an original pair of
D-barD system on quantum torii. A specific analysis is deserved to the
irrational representation of NC orbifolds and to the unstable bound states
generated by the condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149915 </DOCNO>
tt* Geometry and Closed String Tachyon Potential


  We propose a closed string tachyon action including kinetic and potential
terms for non-supersymmetric orbifolds. The action is given in terms of
solutions to $tt^*$ equations which captures the geometry of vacua of the
corresponding N=2 worldsheet theory. In certain cases the solutions are well
studied. In case of tachyons of ${\bf C}/Z_n$, solutions to affine toda
equations determine the action. We study the particular case of ${\bf C}/Z_3\to
{\bf C}$ in detail and find that the Tachyon action is determined in terms of a
solution to Painleve III equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96868 </DOCNO>
On conformally invariant subsets of the planar Brownian curve


  We define and study a family of generalized non-intersection exponents for
planar Brownian motions that is indexed by subsets of the complex plane: For
each $A\subset\CC$, we define an exponent $\xi(A)$ that describes the decay of
certain non-intersection probabilities. To each of these exponents, we
associate a conformally invariant subset of the planar Brownian path, of
Hausdorff dimension $2-\xi(A)$. A consequence of this and continuity of
$\xi(A)$ as a function of $A$ is the almost sure existence of pivoting points
of any sufficiently small angle on a planar Brownian path.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125861 </DOCNO>
Formation of Globular Clusters in Turbulent Molecular Clouds


  The formation of massive stellar clusters in turbulent molecular clouds is
investigated. We include artificial star formation and energy feedback of newly
born stars. The obtained systems are not likely to survive. Case studies to
determine conditions necessary for forming bound clusters will be done in the
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7380 </DOCNO>
Quantum Effects and Broken Symmetries in Frustrated Antiferromagnets


  We investigate the interplay between frustration and zero-point quantum
fluctuations in the ground state of the triangular and $J_1{-}J_2$ Heisenberg
antiferromagnets, using finite-size spin-wave theory, exact diagonalization,
and quantum Monte Carlo methods. In the triangular Heisenberg antiferromagnet,
by performing a systematic size-scaling analysis, we have obtained strong
evidences for a gapless spectrum and a finite value of the thermodynamic order
parameter, thus confirming the existence of long-range N\'eel order.The good
agreement between the finite-size spin-wave results and the exact and quantum
Monte Carlo data also supports the reliability of the spin-wave expansion to
describe both the ground state and the low-energy spin excitations of the
triangular Heisenberg antiferromagnet. In the $J_1{-}J_2$ Heisenberg model, our
results indicate the opening of a finite gap in the thermodynamic excitation
spectrum at $J_2/J_1 \simeq 0.4$, marking the melting of the antiferromagnetic
N\'eel order and the onset of a non-magnetic ground state. In order to
characterize the nature of the latter quantum-disordered phase we have computed
the susceptibilities for the most important crystal symmetry breaking
operators. In the ordered phase the effectiveness of the spin-wave theory in
reproducing the low-energy excitation spectrum suggests that the uniform spin
susceptibility of the model is very close to the linear spin-wave prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6468 </DOCNO>
Investigation of vortex dynamics in Josephson junction arrays with


  We have measured the magnetic flux noise in a two-dimensional Josephson
junction array in nominally zero magnetic field, in the vicinity of the
superconducting transition. This transition is of the
Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type, driven by the unbinding of thermally
excited vortex-antivortex pairs. At temperatures just above the BKT transition
temperature $T_{c}$, the flux-noise power spectrum $S(\omega)$ is white up to a
temperature dependent cross-over frequency $\omega_{\xi}(T)$. We identify
$\omega_{\xi}$ with the characteristic time related to the scale at which the
cross-over from free vortex response to a response dominated by bound pairs
occurs. The signature of free vortices is thus white noise while bound vortex
pairs give rise to a $1/\omega$ dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4189 </DOCNO>
Giant phonon anomalies in the bond-stretching branches in


  The dispersion of the longitudinal bond-stretching (BS) branches in
superconducting Ba0.6K0.4BiO3 (BKBO) studied by inelastic neutron scattering
reveals giant phonon anomalies. In the [110] and [111] directions these
branches even split close to the middle of the zone, in contradiction to any
harmonic lattice dynamical model with cubic symmetry. The additional low energy
branch in the [111] direction ends at the R-point with a frequency near 10.5THz
representing a doping induced renormalization of a breathing type vibration by
about 40%, the strongest observed so far in any superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168716 </DOCNO>
Atomic wave packet basis for quantum information


  We propose a wave packet basis for storing and processing several qubits of
quantum information in a single multilevel atom. Using radially localized wave
packet states in the Rydberg atom, we construct an orthogonal basis that is
related to the usual energy level basis by a quantum Fourier transform. A
transform-limited laser pulse that is short compared with the classical Kepler
period of the system interacts mainly with the wave packet state localized near
the atomic core, allowing selective control in this basis. We argue that wave
packet control in this regime is useful for multilevel quantum information
processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6201 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and transport properties of the new antiferromagnetic


  We report results of the first studies on the magnetic and transport
properties of a new material CeNiBi_2. The magnetic susceptibility exhibits a
sharp peak at T_N = 6K, indicating an antiferromagnetic phase transition. This
antiferromagnetic order below T_N is confirmed by magnetization measurement,
which displays a metamagnetic-like transition at H_m = 5 T. Both
low-temperature susceptibility and high-field magnetization are suggestive of
strong crystalline-electric-field effect in CeNiBi_2. The electrical
resistivity shows the presence of Kondo and crystal-field effects with a sharp
drop below TN due to the antiferromagnetic ordering. This sharp drop below T_N
in the electrical resistivity is suppressed slightly to higher temperatures by
an applied magnetic field to 18 T. With increasing magnetic field, the slope of
magnetoresistance changes from positive to negative, being indicative of the
transition to a ferromagnetic state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149686 </DOCNO>
Ultra-violet Finiteness in Noncommutative Supersymmetric Theories


  We consider the ultra-violet divergence structure of general noncommutative
supersymmetric $U(N_c)$ gauge theories, and seek theories which are all-orders
finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128551 </DOCNO>
A Dynamical Origin for Brown Dwarfs


  Brown dwarfs may have such low masses because they are prematurely ejected
from small unstable multiple systems, while the members are still actively
building up their masses. We demonstrate that this scenario is consistent with
all currently existing observations of brown dwarfs, and propose further
observational tests. We review the status of the latest realistic numerical
simulations of disintegrating small N clusters, which show that many of the
ejected members end up with masses that are substellar, drifting away from
their birth region with velocities rarely exceeding 2 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124060 </DOCNO>
VLT Observations of the Peculiar Globular Cluster NGC6712, III: The


  We present extensive UBVR photometry of the Galactic globular cluster (GGC)
NGC6712 obtained with the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) which reach down to
two magnitudes below the main sequence turn-off and allows us for the first
time to determine the age of this cluster. By using the apparent luminosity of
the zero age horizontal branch (ZAHB), $V_{ZAHB}=16.32\pm0.05$ and the stellar
main sequence (MS) turn--off (TO) magnitude $V_{TO}=19.82\pm0.10$, we obtain
$\Delta V_{TO}^{HB}=3.5\pm0.1$ (a value fully compatible with that derived for
other clusters) which suggests that, at an age of $\sim 12$ Gyr, NGC 6712 is
coeval with other GGC of similar metallicity.
  We derive interstellar reddening by comparing the position and morphology of
the red giant branch (RGB) with a wide variety of reference clusters and find
$E(B-V)=0.33\pm0.05$, a value significantly lower than had been determined
previously. Assuming this value for the reddening, we determine a true distance
modulus of $(m-M)_0 = 14.55$, corresponding to a distance of $\sim 8$ kpc.
  We find a population of 108 candidate blue straggler stars (BSS),
surprisingly large when compared with the typical BSS content of other low
concentration clusters. Moreover, we detect a very bright blue star in the core
of NGC6712 that might be a post-AGB star. These results, combined with those
already presented in two companion papers, strongly support the hypothesis that
NGC6712 was, at some early epoch of its history, much more massive and
concentrated. The continued interaction with the bulge and the disk of the
Galaxy has driven it toward dissolution, and what we now observe is nothing but
the {\it remnant} core of a cluster that once was probably one of the most
massive in the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125527 </DOCNO>
Atomic Carbon and CO Isotope Emission in the Vicinity of DR15


  We present observations of the 3P1-3P0 fine structure transition of atomic
carbon [CI], the J=3-2 transition of CO, as well as of the J=1-0 transitions of
13CO and C18O toward DR15, an HII region associated with two mid-infrared dark
clouds (IRDCs). The 13CO and C18O J=1-0 emissions closely follow the dark
patches seen in optical wavelength, showing two self-gravitating molecular
cores with masses of 2000 Msun and 900 Msun, respectively, at the positions of
the catalogued IRDCs.
  Our data show a rough spatial correlation between [CI] and 13CO J=1-0. Bright
[CI] emission occurs in relatively cold gas behind the molecular cores, neither
in highly excited gas traced by CO J=3-2 emission nor in HII region/molecular
cloud interface. These results are inconsistent with those predicted by
standard photodissociation region (PDR) models, suggesting an origin for
interstellar atomic carbon unrelated to photodissociation processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76260 </DOCNO>
Are Centauros exotic signals of the QGP?


  The exotic cosmic ray events are reviewed. Theoretical attempts to explain
the Centauro-like phenomena are summarized. Results of accelerator experiments
looking for Centauro-related objects are discussed. The discussion is completed
with an overview of the current and future collider experiments at RHIC and
LHC. In particular the CASTOR detector, dedicated to Centauro and strange
objects research in heavy ion collisions at the LHC energies is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76920 </DOCNO>
B meson light-cone distribution amplitudes and heavy-quark symmetry


  We present a systematic study of the B meson light-cone distribution
amplitudes which are relevant for the QCD factorization approach for the
exclusive B meson decays. We construct representations for the quark-antiquark
distribution amplitudes in terms of independent dynamical degrees of freedom,
which exactly satisfy the QCD equations of motion and constraints from
heavy-quark symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150180 </DOCNO>
Open Dielectric Branes


  We derive leading terms in the effective actions describing the coupling of
bulk supergravity fields to systems of arbitrary numbers of Dp-branes and
D(p+4)-branes in type IIA/IIB string theory. We use these actions to
investigate the physics of Dp-D(p+4) systems in the presence of weak background
fields. In particular, we construct various solutions describing collections of
Dp-branes blown up into open D(p+2)-branes ending on D(p+4)-branes. The
configurations are stabilized by the presence of background fields and
represent an open-brane analogue of the Myers dielectric effect. To deduce the
D-brane actions, we use supersymmetry to derive operators corresponding to
moments of various conserved currents in the Berkooz-Douglas matrix model of
M-theory in the presence of longitudinal M5-branes and then use dualities to
relate these operators to the worldvolume operators appearing in the
Dp-D(p+4)-brane effective actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125090 </DOCNO>
Cooling Rates of Molecular Clouds Based on Numerical MHD Turbulence and


  We have computed line emission cooling rates for the main cooling species in
models of interstellar molecular clouds. The models are based on numerical
simulations of super-sonic magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Non-LTE
radiative transfer calculations have been performed to properly account for the
complex density and velocity structures in the MHD simulations. Three models
are used. Two of the models are based on MHD simulations with different
magnetic field strength and the third includes the computation of self-gravity
(in the super-Alfvenic regime of turbulence). The density and velocity fields
in the simulations are determined self-consistently by the dynamics of
super-sonic turbulence. The models are intended to represent molecular clouds
with linear size L~6 pc and mean density <n>~300 cm^-3, with the density
exceeding 10^4 cm^-3 in the densest cores. We present 12CO, 13CO, C18O, O2, OI,
CI and H2O cooling rates in isothermal clouds with kinetic temperatures 10-80K.
Analytical approximations are derived for the cooling rates. The inhomogeneity
of the models reduces photon trapping and enhances the cooling in the densest
parts of the clouds. Compared with earlier models the cooling rates are less
affected by optical depth effects and are therefore higher. The main effects
comes, however, from the density variation since cooling efficiency increases
with density. This is very important for the cooling of the clouds as a whole
since most cooling is provided by gas with density above the average.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127330 </DOCNO>
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect and Morphology of Galaxy Clusters


  We investigate the influence of the finite extension and the aspherical
geometry of a galaxy cluster on the estimate of the Hubble constant through the
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. An analysis of a recent CHANDRA image of the galaxy
cluster RBS797 indicates a strong ellipticity and thus a pronounced aspherical
geometry. We estimate the total mass of RBS797 assuming spherical or
ellipsoidal geometry and show that in the latter case the mass is about 10-17 %
less than the one inferred for a spherical shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126179 </DOCNO>
Galactic Mergers with Supermassive Black Holes


  We present the results of N-body simulations of the accretion of high-density
dwarf galaxies by low-density giant galaxies. Both galaxies contain power-law
central density cusps and point masses representing supermassive black holes;
the ratio of galaxy masses is 3:1. The cusp of the dwarf galaxy is always
disrupted during the merger, leading to a remnant with a weak power law in the
intrinsic density and a ``core'' in the projected density. Removing both black
holes from the giant and dwarf galaxies allows the dwarf galaxy to remain
intact and leads to a remnant with a high central density, contrary to what is
observed. Our results support the hypothesis than the persistence of
low-density cores in giant galaxies following mergers is a consequence of the
existence of supermassive central black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73530 </DOCNO>
The heavy baryons in the nonperturbative string approach


  We present some piloting calculations of the short-range correlation
coefficients for the light and heavy baryons and masses of the doubly heavy
baryons $\Xi_{QQ'}$ and $\Omega_{QQ'}$ ($Q,Q'=c,b$) in the framework of the
simple approximation within the nonperturbative QCD approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168034 </DOCNO>
A note on measurement


  Grounded on the quantum measurement riddle, a general argument against the
universal validity of the superposition principle was recently put forward by
Bassi and Ghirardi. It is pointed out that this argument is valid only within
the realm of the philosophy of ``objectivistic realism'' which is not a
necessary part of the foundations of physics, and that recent developments
including decoherence theory do account for the appearance of macroscopic
objects without resorting to a break of the principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128955 </DOCNO>
Chandra/HETGS Spectroscopy of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61


  We report on a 25 ks observation of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61
with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS) on the Chandra
X-ray Observatory. The continuum spectrum is consistent with previous
measurements and is well fit by an absorbed power-law + blackbody model with
photon index Gamma=3.3+/-0.4 and blackbody temperature kT=0.418+/-0.013 keV.
The pulsar frequency was 0.1150966+/-0.0000017 Hz and the pulse fractions were
between 8.7% and 21%, which are also consistent with past measurements. No
evidence was found for emission or absorption lines with an upper limit of ~50
eV on the equivalent width of a broad feature in the 2.5-13 A (0.95-4.96 keV)
range. The absence of a proton cyclotron line strongly constrains magnetar
atmosphere models and hence the magnetic field strength of the neutron star.
For the energy range given above, the allowed magnetic field strengths of 4U
0142+61 are B<1.9x 10^14 G and B>9.8x 10^14 G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95853 </DOCNO>
Superrigid subgroups and syndetic hulls in solvable Lie groups


  This is an expository paper. It is not difficult to see that every group
homomorphism from the additive group Z of integers to the additive group R of
real numbers extends to a homomorphism from R to R. We discuss other examples
of discrete subgroups D of connected Lie groups G, such that the homomorphisms
defined on D can ("virtually") be extended to homomorphisms defined on all of
G. For the case where G is solvable, we give a simple proof that D has this
property if it is Zariski dense. The key ingredient is a result on the
existence of syndetic hulls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5282 </DOCNO>
Growth kinetic study of sputter deposition: Ag on Si/SiO$_2$


  We have presented the kinetic study of the very initial growth stages of an
ultra thin film (40 $\AA$- 150$\AA$) of Ag sputter-deposited on Si(001)
substrate containing native oxide using grazing incidence x-ray reflectivity
(GIXR) technique and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). We observe that the film
consists of mounds with the presence of voids. The thickness `d_{xray}' and the
packing fraction `\eta ' of the film as a function of time `t' follow a simple
power law, d_{xray} $\thicksim t^{m} and \eta \thicksim $t^{n}$ with the
exponent m = 0.58 and n = 0.37 respectively. We have quantitatively determined
that the voids between the mounds decrease at the initial growth stages with
the increase in mound size using GIXR measurement. The mound size increases
mainly by the coalescence process on the substrate. We have observed that as a
function of time the mound size R(t) increases radially as $\thicksim $t^{z}.
The radial growth exponent z crosses over from z > 0.5 to z $\thicksim $ 0.25
indicating two growth regimes. The GIXR measurement reveals sublinear
dependence of \eta on d and the AFM measurement shows a cross over of the
radial growth exponent, both these indicates that the lateral growth of the
mound is enhanced initially reducing the voids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128689 </DOCNO>
The search for possible mesolensing of cosmic gamma-ray bursts. Double


  The work is devoted to the search for possible effect of gravitational
lensing on the objects like globular stellar clusters (mesolensing) on the
lightcurves and spectra of large number of gamma-ray bursts from BATSE
catalogue. The general properties and different types of such event were
considered. As the result 11 possibly mesolensed gamma-ray bursts were found.
The properties of possible mesolensed are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129719 </DOCNO>
Shocked molecular gas towards the SNR G359.1-0.5 and the Snake


  We have found a bar of shocked molecular hydrogen (H2) towards the OH(1720
MHz) maser located at the projected intersection of supernova remnant (SNR)
G359.1-0.5 and the nonthermal radio filament, known as the Snake. The H2 bar is
well aligned with the SNR shell and almost perpendicular to the Snake. The
OH(1720 MHz) maser is located inside the sharp western edge of the H2 emission,
which is consistent with the scenario in which the SNR drives a shock into a
molecular cloud at that location. The spectral-line profiles of 12CO, HCO+ and
CS towards the maser show broad-line absorption, which is absent in the 13CO
spectra and most probably originates from the pre-shock gas. A density gradient
is present across the region and is consistent with the passage of the SNR
shock while the H2 filament is located at the boundary between the pre--shocked
and post-shock regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72629 </DOCNO>
Production of MSSM Higgs Bosons at Future $\gamma\gamma$ Colliders


  Future $\gamma\gamma$ colliders allow the production of the heavy neutral
MSSM Higgs bosons $H$ and $A$ as single resonances. The prospects of finding
these particles in the $b\bar{b}$ and the neutralino-pair final states have
been analysed. The $H,A$ bosons can be discovered for medium values of
$\tan\beta$ with masses up to 70--80% of the initial $e^\pm e^-$ c.m. energy.
This production mode thus covers parts of the supersymmetric parameter space
that are not accessible at other colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148695 </DOCNO>
Enhanced D-Brane Categories from String Field Theory


  We construct D-brane categories in B-type topological string theory as
solutions to string field equations of motion. Using the formalism of
superconnections, we show that these solutions form a variant of a construction
of Bondal and Kapranov. This analysis is an elaboration on recent work of
Lazaroiu. We also comment on the relation between string field theory and the
derived category approach of Douglas, and Aspinwall and Lawrence.
Non-holomorphic deformations make a somewhat unexpected appearance in this
construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3601 </DOCNO>
Dual neutral variables and knotted solitons in triplet superconductors


  In this paper we derive a dual presentation of free energy functional for
spin-triplet superconductors in terms of gauge-invariant variables. The
resulting equivalent model in ferromagnetic phase has a form of a version of
the Faddeev model. This allows in particular to conclude that spin-triplet
superconductors allow formation of stable finite-length closed vortices (the
knotted solitons).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72865 </DOCNO>
Phase transition between three- and two-flavor QCD?


  Spontaneous breaking of color is investigated for the vacuum of QCD$_2$ with
two light flavors of quarks. We classify possible colored quark-antiquark,
diquark and gluon condensates that are compatible with a spectrum of integer
charged states and conserved isospin and baryon number. An unusual realization
of baryon number in QCD$_2$ suggests that there may be a phase transition
between two- and three-flavor QCD as a function of the strange quark mass. This
could be seen in lattice simulations. We also discuss the qualitative features
of the high density phase transition in QCD$_2$ and suggest the spontaneous
breaking of isospin for nuclear and quark matter. We finally remark that
spontaneous breaking of color may also occur in pure QCD without quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2400 </DOCNO>
Robust propagation direction of stresses in a minimal granular packing


  By employing the adaptive network simulation method, we demonstrate that the
ensemble-averaged stress caused by a local force for packings of frictionless
rigid beads is concentrated along rays whose slope is consistent with unity:
forces propagate along lines at 45 degrees to the horizontal or vertical. This
slope is shown to be independent of polydispersity or the degree to which the
system is sheared. Further confirmation of this result comes from fitting the
components of the stress tensor to the null stress constitutive equation. The
magnitude of the response is also shown to fall off with the -1/2 power of
distance. We argue that our findings are a natural consequence of a system that
preserves its volume under small perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113659 </DOCNO>
Energy Distribution in Earthquakes: A Non-Extensive Approach


  By using the maximum entropy principle with Tsallis entropy and under the
assumption that the gouge plays an active role in the triggering of
earthquakes, we obtain a functional dependence for energy distribution function
for earthquakes which fits very well with observations in the region of small
energies. This distribution function is related to the size distribution
function of fragments in the gouge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179630 </DOCNO>
Mean-field analysis of interacting boson models with random interactions


  We investigate the origin of the regular features observed in numerical
studies of the interacting boson model with random interactions, in particular
the dominance of L=0 ground states and the occurrence of vibrational and
rotational band structures. It is shown that all of these properties can be
interpreted and explained in terms of a Hartree-Bose mean-field analysis, in
which different regions of the parameter space are associated with geometric
shapes. The same conclusions hold for the vibron model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86871 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Strings and Cosmology


  We show that the velocity-dependent forces between parallel fundamental
strings moving apart in a D-dimensional spacetime imply an expanding universe
in (D-1)-dimensional spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2875 </DOCNO>
Spatial and Temporal Noise Spectra of Spatially Extended Systems with


  The noise power spectra of spatially extended dynamical systems are
investigated, using as a model the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with a
stochastic term. Analytical and numerical investigations show that the spatial
spectra of the ordered state are similar to Bose-Einstein distribution, showing
1/k^2 asymptotics in the long wavelength limit. The temporal noise spectra of
the ordered state are obtained of 1/^alpha form, where alpha=2-D/2 with D the
spatial dimension of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97445 </DOCNO>
Analogues of Complex Geometry


  We prove that there is no hope of trying to invent pseudoholomorphic theories
of anything other than curves, even if one allows more general objects than
almost complex manifolds. The hard part is dispensing with theories of
pseudoholomorphic hypersurfaces; hypersurface theories exist ``microlocally''
(in abundance) but not ``locally.''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127911 </DOCNO>
The N/O abundance ratio in the lowest-metallicity blue compact dwarf


  The results of the N/O abundance determination in a sample of low-metallicity
blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies based on new spectroscopic observations with
large telescopes (Keck, VLT, MMT, 4m KPNO) are presented. We show that the N/O
abundance ratio is constant at lowest metallicities < Zsun/20, confirming
previous findings and strongly supporting the origin of nitrogen as a primary
element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114235 </DOCNO>
The effect of hyperdiffusivity on turbulent dynamos with helicity


  In numerical studies of turbulence, hyperviscosity is often used as a tool to
extend the inertial subrange and to reduce the dissipative subrange. By
analogy, hyperdiffusivity (or hyperresistivity) is sometimes used in
magnetohydrodynamics. The underlying assumption is that only the small scales
are affected by this manipulation. In the present paper, possible side effects
on the evolution of the large scale magnetic field are investigated. It is
found that for turbulent flows with helicity, hyperdiffusivity causes the
dynamo-generated magnetic field to saturate at a higher level than normal
diffusivity. This result is successfully interpreted in terms of magnetic
helicity conservation, which also predicts that full saturation is only reached
after a time comparable to the large scale magnetic (hyper)diffusion time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6081 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Equations and the Lifshitz Point In Noncommutative


  A one-loop renormalization group (RG) analysis is performed for
noncommutative Landau-Ginsburg theory in an arbitrary dimension. We adopt a
modern version of the Wilsonian RG approach, in which a shell integration in
momentum space bypasses the potential IR singularities due to UV-IR mixing. The
momentum-dependent trigonometric factors in interaction vertices,
characteristic of noncommutative geometry, are marginal under RG
transformations, and their marginality is preserved at one loop. A negative
$\Theta$-dependent anomalous dimension is discovered as a novel effect of the
UV-IR mixing. We also found a noncommutative Wilson-Fisher (NCWF) fixed point
in less than four dimensions. At large noncommutativity, a momentum space
instability is induced by quantum fluctuations, and a consequential first-order
phase transition is identified together with a Lifshitz point in the phase
diagram. In the vicinity of the Lifshitz point, we introduce two critical
exponents $\nu_m$ and $\beta_k$, whose values are determined to be 1/4 and 1/2,
respectively, at mean-field level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96861 </DOCNO>
Hilbert Space Representations of Cross Product Algebras


  Hilbert space representations of cross product *-algebras of the Hopf
*-algebras U_q(gl_2) with the coordinate algebras O(C^2_q) and O(R^3_q) of
quantum vector spaces and U_q(su_2) with coordinate algebras O(SU_q(2)) and
O(S^2_q) of corresponding quantum spheres are investigated and classified.
Invariant states on the coordinate *-algebras are described by two variants of
the quantum trace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4332 </DOCNO>
Low energy Collective Modes of a Superfluid Trapped atomic Fermi Gas


  We consider the low energy collective mode spectrum of a superfluid Fermi gas
in a spherical trap in the collisionless regime. Using a self-consistent
random-phase approximation, the effects of superfluidity on modes of dipole and
quadrupole symmetries are systematically examined. The spectrum is calculated
for varying pairing strength and temperature and we identify several spectral
features such as the emergence of Goldstone modes that can be used to detect
the onset of superfluidity.
 Our analysis is relevant for present experiments aimed at observing a
superfluid phase transition in trapped Fermi gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3404 </DOCNO>
Efficient Switching and Domain Interlocking Observed in Polyaxial


  We present in-situ transmission electron microscopy observations of domain
wall motion in thin freestanding potassium niobate single-crystals. We observe
that not all domains of a given polarization orientation are equally switchable
in applied electric fields. Tilted and curved 90 degree domain walls are common
and display field-induced mobility, whereas untilted domain boundaries resist
such motion. The sensitivity of the domain wall response to field direction
suggests that electrostatic energy contributions play a crucial role in the
observed switching properties. We can explain our results in terms of the
polarization charges and the resulting depolarization fields associated with
angled domain walls. A phenomenological Landau-Ginzburg analysis of a tilted
domain boundary indicates that such electrostatic effects reduce its local
switching barrier, thereby enhancing its field-induced mobility compared to
that of its untilted counterpart. Consequently not all domain walls are equally
mobile. Furthermore the switching efficiency of a particular domain is
determined by its allowed final states, as defined by its neighbors. Switching
will be inhibited if the relative energetics are unfavorable, and we call this
phenomenon domain interlocking. Any increase in density of such field-resistant
wall configurations with cycle time represents an inherent contribution to
ferroelectric fatigue. Uniaxial ferroelectrics, with polarizations parallel to
the field, should not support such interlocked domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41840 </DOCNO>
Measurement of B0-anti-B0 Flavor Oscillations in Hadronic B0 Decays


  Flavor oscillations of neutral $B$ mesons have been studied in $e^+e^-$
annihilation data collected with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies
near the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance. The data sample used for this purpose
consists of events in which one $B^0$ meson is reconstructed in a hadronic
decay mode, while the flavor of the recoiling $B^0$ is determined with a
tagging algorithm that exploits the correlation between the flavor of the heavy
quark and the charges of its decay products. From the time development of the
observed mixed and unmixed final states we determine the $B^0$-$\bar B^0$
oscillation frequency $\Delta m_d$ to be $0.516 \pm 0.016 ({stat}) \pm 0.010
({syst}) {\rm ps}^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96512 </DOCNO>
Derived categories of Schur algebras


  We classify the derived tame Schur and infinitesimal Schur algebras and
describe indecomposable objects in their derived categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4795 </DOCNO>
Point defects in models of amorphous silicon and their role in


  We have used tight-binding molecular-dynamics simulations to investigate the
role of point defects (vacancies and interstitials) on structural relaxation in
amorphous silicon. Our calculations give unambiguous evidence that point
defects can be defined in the amorphous solid, showing up as anomalies in the
valence-charge/Voronoi-volume relation. The changes in the radial distribution
functions that take place during annealing are shown to be in close agreement
with recent, highly-accurate x-ray diffraction measurements. Our calculations
provide strong evidence that structural relaxation in a-Si proceeds by the
mutual annihilation of vacancies and interstitials, i.e., local structural
changes rather than an overall relaxation of the network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98870 </DOCNO>
Small cones of oriented semi-metrics


  We consider polyhedral cones, associated with quasi-semi-metrics (oriented
distances), in particular, with oriented multi-cuts, on n points. We computed
the number of facets and of extreme rays, their adjacencies, and incidences of
the cones QMET_n and OMCUT_n for n=3, 4, 5 (see Table 1) and, partially for
n=6. Some results for general n are also given

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97958 </DOCNO>
The Gelfand map and symmetric products


  If A is an algebra of functions on X, there are many cases when X can be
regarded as included in Hom(A,C) as the set of ring homomorphisms. In this
paper the corresponding results for the symmetric products of X are introduced.
It is shown that the symmetric product Sym^n(X) is included in Hom(A,C) as the
set of those functions that satisfy equations generalising f(xy)=f(x)f(y).
These equations are related to formulae introduced by Frobenius and, for the
relevant A, they characterise linear maps on A that are the sum of ring
homomorphisms. The main theorem is proved using an identity satisfied by
partitions of finite sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129204 </DOCNO>
The Patchy Accretion Disc in HT Cassiopeiae


  We have reconstructed the temperatures and surface densities in the quiescent
accretion disc in HT Cas by performing a "Physical Parameter Eclipse Mapping"
analysis of archival UBVR observations. Using a simple hydrogen slab model and
demanding a smooth, maximally artefact-free reconstruction, we derive a formal
distance to HT Cas of 207 +- 10 pc, significantly larger than the 133 +- 14 pc
we derive from a re-analysis of the data in the literature.
  We argue that the larger derived distance is probably incorrect but is not
produced by inaccuracies in our spectral model or optimization method. The
discrepancy can be resolved if the emission regions on the disc are patchy with
a filling factor of about 40% of the disc's surface. This solves the problem
with the high effective temperatures in the disc -- reducing them to around 6
500 K within a radius of 0.2 R_L1 -- and reduces the derived temperature of the
white dwarf and/or boundary layer from 22600 to 15500 K.
  We discuss several possible sources of the chromospheric emission and its
patchiness, including irradiation of the disc, thermal instabilities,
spiral-wave-like global structures, and magnetically active regions associated
with dynamo action and/or Balbus-Hawley instabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149771 </DOCNO>
The Meaning of Infrared Singularities in Noncommutative Gauge Theories


  We point out that the leading infrared singular terms in the effective
actions of noncommutative gauge theories arising from nonplanar loop diagrams
have a natural interpretation in terms of the matrix model (operator)
formulation of these theories. In this formulation (for maximal spatial
noncommutativity), noncommutative space arises as a configuration of an
infinite number of D-particles. We show that the IR singular terms correspond
to instantaneous linear potentials between these D-particles resulting from the
zero point energies of fluctuations about this background. For theories with
fewer fermionic than bosonic degrees of freedom, such as pure noncommutative
gauge theory, the potential is attractive and renders the theory unstable. With
more fermionic than bosonic degrees of freedom, the potential is repulsive and
we argue that the theory is stable, though oddly behaved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86141 </DOCNO>
Static Black Holes of Metric-Affine Gravity in the Presence of Matter


  We investigate spherically symmetric and static gravitational fields
representing black hole configurations in the framework of metric-affine gauge
theories of gravity (MAG) in the presence of different matter fields. It is
shown that in the triplet ansatz sector of MAG, black hole configurations in
the presence of non-Abelian matter fields allow the existence of black hole
hair. We analyze several cases of matter fields characterized by the presence
of hair and for all of them we show the validity of the no short hair
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76795 </DOCNO>
Constraint on solar axions from seismic solar models


  We reexamine the theoretical limit on the axion coupling to two photons,
$g_{a\gamma \gamma}$, in the light of a new solar model (seismic solar model)
and the latest solar neutrino observations, the Super-Kamiokande and the
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). From the comparison of the theoretically
expected and the measured neutrino fluxes, we set a limit $g_{a\gamma \gamma} <
4.0\times 10^{-10} ~\mathrm{GeV} ^{-1}$. This limit based on a new procedure is
about a factor of 3 improvement over the previous theoretical limit and a more
severe limit than the solar axion experiments. Therefore this limit is the most
stringent limit on solar axions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2627 </DOCNO>
CO oxidation on a single Pd atom supported on magnesia


  The oxidation of CO on single Pd atoms anchored to MgO(100) surface oxygen
vacancies is studied with temperature-programmed-reaction mass-spectrometry and
infrared spectroscopy. In one-heating-cycle experiments CO$_2$, formed from
O$_2$ and CO preadsorbed at 90 K, is detected at 260 K and 500 K. Ab-initio
simulations suggest two reaction routes, with Pd(CO)$_2$O$_2$ and Pd(CO$_3$)CO
found as precursors for the low and high temperature channels, respectively.
Both reactions result in annealing of the vacancy and induce migration and
coalescence of the remaining Pd-CO to form larger clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74614 </DOCNO>
Next-to-Next-to-Leading Logarithms in Four-Fermion Electroweak Processes


  We sum up the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic virtual electroweak
corrections to the high energy asymptotics of the neutral current four-fermion
processes for light fermions to all orders in the coupling constants using the
evolution equation approach. From this all order result we derive finite order
expressions through next-to-next-to leading order for the total cross section
and various asymmetries. We observe an amazing cancellation between the sizable
leading, next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic contributions
at TeV energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129123 </DOCNO>
Optical SETI with Air Cerenkov Telescopes


  We propose using large Air Cerenkov Telescopes (ACT's) to search for optical,
pulsed signals from extra-terrestrial intelligence. Such dishes collect tens of
photons from a nanosecond-scale pulse of isotropic equivalent power of tens of
solar luminosities at a distance of 100 pc. The field of view for giant ACT's
can be on the order of ten square degrees, and they will be able to monitor 10
to 10$^2$ stars simultaneously for nanosecond pulses of about 6th mag or
brighter. Using the Earth's diameter as a baseline, orbital motion of the
planet could be detected by timing the pulse arrival times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149851 </DOCNO>
Exact multi-membrane solutions in AdS_7


  We study the properties of an exact multi-membrane solution in
seven-dimensional maximal SO(5)-gauged supergravity. Unlike previously known
multi-centered solutions, the present one is asymptotically anti-de Sitter. We
show that this multi-membrane configuration preserves only a quarter of the
supersymmetries. When lifted to eleven dimensions, this solution is interpreted
as a set of open membranes ending on self-dual strings on a stack of M5-branes,
in the near M5 limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41044 </DOCNO>
Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino results


  We present atmospheric neutrino results from a 79 kiloton year (1289 days)
exposure of the Super-Kamiokande detector. Our data are well explained by
$\nu_{\mu} \to \nu_{\tau}$ 2-flavor oscillations. We have been attempting to
discriminate between the possible oscillating partners of the muon neutrino as
being either the tau neutrino or the sterile neutrino. Pure $\nu_\mu\to\nu_s$
oscillation is disfavored at 99% C.L.. Moreover, we performed the appearance
search for charged current tau neutrino interactions in the upward-going
samples. Our data is consistent with $\nu_{\tau}$ appearance at roughly the
two-sigma level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75471 </DOCNO>
Charmonium decays: J/psi --> e+e- and eta_c --> gamma gamma


  We compute the O(alpha_s^2) correction to the decay rate eta_c --> gamma
gamma and discuss its implications for precision quarkonium physics. We study
the suitability of the ratio Gamma(J/psi --> e+e-)/Gamma(eta_c --> gamma
gamma), in which the non-perturbative or soft effects cancel at
O(alpha_s^{0,1}), for extracting fundamental parameters of QCD at low energies.
We show that the QCD-based theory of charmonia is not capable of predicting
this ratio with any degree of confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97071 </DOCNO>
Topological groups with several disconnectedness


  We investigate some properties of topological groups related to
disconnectedness or Archimedeanness. We prove or disprove the preservation of
those under operations as subgroups, quotients, products, etc.
Characterizations of non-Archimedeanness are obtained by using embedding into
universal groups. We also clarify the differences between the properties by
constructing miscellaneous Polish groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149169 </DOCNO>
Topological Z_{N+1} Charges on Fuzzy Sphere


  We study the topological properties of fuzzy sphere. We show that the
topological charge is only defined modulo N+1, that is finite integer quotient
Z_{N+1}, where N is a cut-off spin of fuzzy sphere. This periodic structure on
topological charges is shown based on the boson realizations of SU(2) algebra,
Schwinger vs. Holstein-Primakoff. We argue that this result can have a natural
K-theory interpretation and the topological charges on fuzzy sphere can be
classified by the twisted K-theory. We also outline how solitons on fuzzy
sphere can realize D-brane solitons in the presence of Neveu-Schwarz fivebranes
proposed by Harvey and Moore.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148134 </DOCNO>
Multidimensional Phase Space and Sunset Diagrams


  We derive expressions for the phase-space of a particle of momentum $p$
decaying into $N$ particles, that are valid for any number of dimensions. These
are the imaginary parts of so-called `sunset' diagrams, which we also obtain.
The results are given as a series of hypergeometric functions, which terminate
for odd dimensions and are also well-suited for deriving the threshold
behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40775 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Parameters from Precision Tests


  I review how electroweak precision observables can be used to constrain the
Higgs boson mass and the strong coupling constant. Implications for physics
beyond the Standard Model are also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150303 </DOCNO>
Non-renormalizability of \theta-expanded noncommutative QED


  Computing all divergent one-loop Green's functions of \theta-expanded
noncommutative quantum electrodynamics up to first order in \theta, we show
that this model is not renormalizable. The reason is a divergence in the
electron four-point function which cannot be removed by field redefinitions.
Ignoring this problem, we find however clear hints for new symmetries in
massless \theta-expanded noncommutative QED: Four additional divergences which
would be compatible with gauge and Lorentz symmetries and which are not
reachable by field redefinitions are absent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73132 </DOCNO>
Topological susceptibility in full QCD: lattice results versus the


  Recent lattice data from CP-PACS, UKQCD, SESAM/TXL and the Pisa group
regarding the quark mass dependence of the topological susceptibility in
2-flavour QCD are compared to each other and to theoretical expectations. The
latter get specified by referring to the QCD finite-volume partition function
with ``granularity'' which accounts for the entropy brought by instantons and
anti-instantons. The chiral condensate in $N_f=2$ QCD, if determined by this
method, turns out surprisingly large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81328 </DOCNO>
Calculation of $K\to\pi\pi$ decay amplitudes from $K\to\pi$ matrix


  We present a calculation of the $K\to\pi\pi$ decay amplitudes from the
$K\to\pi$ matrix elements using leading order relations derived in chiral
perturbation theory. Numerical simulations are carried out in quenched QCD with
the domain-wall fermion action and the renormalization group improved gluon
action. Our results show that the I=2 amplitude is reasonably consistent with
experiment whereas the I=0 amplitude is sizably smaller. Consequently the
$\Delta I=1/2$ enhancement is only half of the experimental value, and
$\epsilon'/\epsilon$ is negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124626 </DOCNO>
Dusty Debris Around Solar-Type Stars: Temporal Disk Evolution


  Using ISO-ISOPHOT we carried out a survey of almost 150 stars to search for
evidence of emission from dust orbiting young main sequence stars, both in
clusters and isolated systems. Over half of the detections are new examples of
dusty stellar systems, and demonstrate that such dust can be detected around
numerous stars older than a few x 10^6 years. Fluxes at 60 microns and either
90 or 100 microns for the new excess sources together with improved fluxes for
a number of IRAS-identified sources are presented. Analysis of the excess
luminosity relative to the stellar photosphere shows a systematic decline of
this excess with stellar age consistent with a power law index of -2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76799 </DOCNO>
Resonance Production at STAR


  We present the first measurement of mid-rapidity $\phi$ vector meson
production in $Au+Au$ collisions at RHIC ($\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} =130$ GeV) from the
STAR detector. For the 11% most central collisions, the slope parameter from an
exponential fit to the transverse mass distribution is $T=$~379$\pm$51(stat)
$\pm$ 45(syst)~MeV, the yield $dN/dy$ $=5.73\pm$0.37(stat)$\pm$ 0.57(syst) per
event and the ratio $N_{\phi}/N_{h^-}$ is found to be
0.021$\pm$0.001(stat)$\pm$ 0.03(syst). We currently place the value of the
$N_{\phi}/N_{K^-}$ ratio between 0.10 and 0.16. The measured ratios
$N_{\phi}/N_{h^-}$ and $N_{\phi}/N_{K^-}$, as well as $T$ for the $\phi$ meson
at mid-rapidity do not change for the selected centrality bins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125051 </DOCNO>
A backwards approach to the formation of disk galaxies I. Stellar and


  A simple chemical enrichment code is described where the two basic mechanisms
driving the evolution of the ages and metallicities of the stellar populations
are the star formation efficiency and the fraction of gas ejected from the
galaxy. Using the observed Tully-Fisher relation in different passbands as a
constraint, it is found that a steep correlation between the maximum disk
rotational velocity and star formation efficiency must exist either for a
linear or a quadratic Schmidt law. Outflows do not play a major role. The
redshift evolution of disk galaxies is explored, showing that a significant
change in the slope of the Tully-Fisher relation is expected because of the
different age distributions of the stellar components in high and low-mass disk
galaxies. The slope measured in the rest frame B,K bands is found to change
from 3(B); 4(K) at z=0 up to 4.5(B); 5(K) at z~1, with a slight dependence on
formation redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174685 </DOCNO>
Mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton ratio from Au+Au collisions at $


  We report results on the ratio of mid-rapidity anti-proton to proton yields
in Au+Au collisions at $\rts = 130$ GeV per nucleon pair as measured by the
STAR experiment at RHIC. Within the rapidity and transverse momentum range of
$|y|<0.5$ and 0.4 $<p_t<$ 1.0 GeV/$c$, the ratio is essentially independent of
either transverse momentum or rapidity, with an average of $0.65\pm 0.01_{\rm
(stat.)} \pm 0.07_{\rm (syst.)}$ for minimum bias collisions. Within errors, no
strong centrality dependence is observed. The results indicate that at this
RHIC energy, although the $p$-$\pb$ pair production becomes important at
mid-rapidity, a significant excess of baryons over anti-baryons is still
present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40855 </DOCNO>
Chiral extrapolation of lattice moments of proton quark distributions


  We present the resolution of a long-standing discrepancy between the moments
of parton distributions calculated from lattice QCD and their experimental
values. We propose a simple extrapolation formula for the moments of the
nonsinglet quark distribution u-d, as a function of quark mass, which embodies
the general constraints imposed by the chiral symmetry of QCD. The inclusion of
the leading nonanalytic behavior leads to an excellent description of both the
lattice data and the experimental values of the moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124216 </DOCNO>
LBQS 0103-2753: A 0.3 Arcsec Binary Quasar


  Imaging and spectroscopy with HST show that LBQS 0103-2753 (V = 17.8, z =
0.848) is a binary quasar with a separation of 0.3 arcsec or 2.3 kpc. This is
by far the smallest separation binary quasar reported to date. The two
components have very different spectra, including the presence of strong broad
absorption lines (BALs) in component A only. The emission-line redshifts, based
on the broad high ionization C IV lines, are z_A = 0.834 and z_B = 0.858; their
difference is 3900 km/s in velocity units. The broad C IV lines, however, are
probably not a good indicator of systemic redshift; and LBQS 0103-2753 A and B
could have a much smaller systemic redshift difference, like the other known
binary quasars. If the systemic redshift difference is small, then LBQS
0103-2753 would most likely be a galaxy merger that has led to a binary
supermassive black hole. There is now one known 0.3 arcsec binary among roughly
500 QSOs that have been observed in a way that would reveal such a close
binary. This suggests that QSO activity is substantially more likely for black
hole binaries at spacings ~2 kpc than at ~15 to 60 kpc. Between 1987 and 1998,
the observed Mg II BAL disappeared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98916 </DOCNO>
Conformally invariant powers of the ambient Dirac operator


  This paper constructs a family of conformally invariant differential
operators acting on spinor densities with leading part a power of the Dirac
operator. The construction applies for all powers in odd dimensions, and only
for finitely many powers in even dimensions. These operators arise naturally as
obstructions to formal solution of the Dirac equation on the Fefferman-Graham
ambient space with prescribed boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6588 </DOCNO>
Human Sexual Contact Network as a Bipartite Graph


  A simple model to encapsulate the essential growth properties of \emph{the
web of human sexual contacts} is presented. In the model only heterosexual
connection is considered and represented by a random growing bipartite graph
where both male-female contact networks grow simultaneously. The time evolution
of the model is analysed by a rate equation approach leading to confirm that
male and female sexual contact distributions decay as power laws with exponents
depending on influx and charisma of the sexes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168856 </DOCNO>
A fresh look at 3D microwave ionization curves of hydrogen Rydberg atoms


  Analytical arguments and numerical simulations suggest that the shapes of 3D
microwave ionization curves measured by Koch and collaborators (see P. M. Koch
and K. A. H. van Leeuwen, Phys. Rep. {\bf 255}, 289 (1995)) depend only weakly
on the angular momentum of the atoms in the initial microcanonical ensemble,
but strongly on the principal quantum number and the magnetic quantum number.
Based on this insight, coupled with the computational power of a high-end
60-node Beowulf PC cluster, we present the first 3D quantum calculations of
microwave ionization curves in the experimentally relevant parameter regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83740 </DOCNO>
The Risk Profile Problem for Stock Portfolio Optimization


  This work initiates research into the problem of determining an optimal
investment strategy for investors with different attitudes towards the
trade-offs of risk and profit. The probability distribution of the return
values of the stocks that are considered by the investor are assumed to be
known, while the joint distribution is unknown. The problem is to find the best
investment strategy in order to minimize the probability of losing a certain
percentage of the invested capital based on different attitudes of the
investors towards future outcomes of the stock market.
  For portfolios made up of two stocks, this work shows how to exactly and
quickly solve the problem of finding an optimal portfolio for aggressive or
risk-averse investors, using an algorithm based on a fast greedy solution to a
maximum flow problem. However, an investor looking for an average-case
guarantee (so is neither aggressive or risk-averse) must deal with a more
difficult problem. In particular, it is #P-complete to compute the distribution
function associated with the average-case bound. On the positive side,
approximate answers can be computed by using random sampling techniques similar
to those for high-dimensional volume estimation. When k>2 stocks are
considered, it is proved that a simple solution based on the same flow concepts
as the 2-stock algorithm would imply that P = NP, so is highly unlikely. This
work gives approximation algorithms for this case as well as exact algorithms
for some important special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125999 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Signatures of Conduction-Mediated Transition Layers Above


  We derive a semi-analytic solution for the structure of conduction-mediated
transition layers above an X-ray illuminated accretion disk, and calculate
explicitly the X-ray line radiation resulting from both resonance line
scattering and radiative recombination in these layers. The vertical thermal
structure of the illuminated disk is found to depend on the illuminating
continuum: for a hard power law continuum, there are two stable phases
connected by a single transition layer; while for a softer continuum, there may
exist three stable phases connected by two separate transition layers, with an
intermediate stable layer in between. We show that the structure can be written
as a function of the electron scattering optical depth through these layers,
which leads to unique predictions of the equivalent width of the resulting line
radiation from both recombination cascades and resonance line scattering. We
find that resonance line scattering plays an important role, especially for the
case where there is no intermediate stable layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125747 </DOCNO>
Accretion physics of AM Herculis binaries, I. Results from


  We have solved the one-dimensional stationary two-fluid hydrodynamic
equations for post-shock flows on accreting magnetic white dwarfs simultaneous
with the fully frequency and angle-dependent radiative transfer for cyclotron
radiation and bremsstrahlung. Magnetic field strengths B = 10 to 100 MG are
considered. At given B, this theory relates the properties of the emission
region to a single physical parameter, the mass flow density (or accretion rate
per unit area). We present the normalized temperature profiles and fit formulae
for the peak electron temperature, the geometrical shock height, and the column
density of the post-shock flow. The results apply to pillbox-shaped emission
regions. With a first-order temperature correction they can also be used for
narrower columns provided they are not too tall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149305 </DOCNO>
Planck-scale relativity from quantum $\kappa$-Poincar\'e algebra


  Extending the commutator algebra of quantum $\kappa$-Poincar\'e symmetry to
the whole of the phase space, and assuming that this algebra is to be covariant
under action of deformed Lorentz generators, we derive the transformation
properties of positions under the action of deformed boosts. It turns out that
these transformations leave invariant the quadratic form in the position space,
which is the Minkowski metric and that the boosts saturate. The issues of
massless and massive particles motion, as well as time dilatation and length
contraction in this new framework are also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6765 </DOCNO>
Ornstein-Zernike Theory for the finite range Ising models above T_c


  We derive precise Ornstein-Zernike asymptotic formula for the decay of the
two-point function in the general context of finite range Ising type models on
Z^d. The proof relies in an essential way on the a-priori knowledge of the
strict exponential decay of the two-point function and, by the sharp
characterization of phase transition due to Aizenman, Barsky and Fernandez,
goes through in the whole of the high temperature region T > T_c. As a
byproduct we obtain that for every T > T_c, the inverse correlation length is
an analytic and strictly convex function of direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2147 </DOCNO>
Crossover from Fragile to Strong Glassy Behaviour in Kinetically


  We show the existence of fragile-to-strong transitions in kinetically
constrained systems by studying the equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium dynamics
of a generic constrained Ising spin chain which interpolates between the
symmetric and fully asymmetric cases. We find that for large but finite
asymmetry the model displays a crossover from fragile to strong glassy
behaviour at finite temperature, which is controlled by the asymmetry
parameter. The relaxation in the fragile region presents stretched exponential
behaviour, with a temperature dependent stretching exponent which is predicted.
Our results are confirmed by numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2256 </DOCNO>
A Study of Sequence Distribution of a Painted Globule as a Model for


  In this paper we present a method to study the folding structure of a simple
model consisting of two kinds of monomers, hydrophobic and hydrophilic. This
method has three main steps: an efficient simulation method to bring an open
sequence of homopolymer to a folded state, the application of a painting method
called (regular hull) to the folded globule and the refolding process of the
obtained copolymer sequence. This study allows us to suggest a theoretical
function of disorder distribution for copolymer sequences that give rise to a
compacted and well micro-phase separated globule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148966 </DOCNO>
On Associativity Equations in Dispersionless Integrable Hierarchies


  We discuss the origin of the associativity (WDVV) equations in the context of
quasiclassical or Whitham hierarchies. The associativity equations are shown to
be encoded in the dispersionless limit of the Hirota equations for KP and Toda
hierarchies. We show, therefore, that any tau-function of dispersionless KP or
Toda hierarchy provides a solution to associativity equations. In general, they
depend on infinitely many variables. We also discuss the particular solution to
the dispersionless Toda hierarchy that describes conformal mappings and
construct a family of new solutions to the WDVV equations depending on finite
number of variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123759 </DOCNO>
A Black Hole of > 6 Solar Masses in the X-ray Nova XTE J1118+480


  Observations of the quiescent X-ray nova XTE J1118+480 with the new 6.5-m MMT
have revealed that the velocity amplitude of the dwarf secondary is 698 +/- 14
km/s and the orbital period of the system is 0.17013 +/- 0.00010 d. The implied
value of the mass function, f(M) = 6.00 +/- 0.36 solar masses, provides a hard
lower limit on the mass of the compact primary that greatly exceeds the maximum
allowed mass of a neutron star. Thus we conclude that the compact primary is a
black hole. Among the eleven dynamically established black-hole X-ray novae,
the large mass function of XTE J1118+480 is rivaled only by that of V404 Cyg.
We estimate that the secondary supplies 34% +/- 8% of the total light at 5900A
and that its spectral type is in the range K5V to M1V. A double-humped I-band
light curve is probably due to ellipsoidal modulation, although this
interpretation is not entirely secure because of an unusual 12-minute offset
between the spectroscopic and photometric ephemerides. Assuming that the light
curve is ellipsoidal, we present a provisional analysis which indicates that
the inclination of the system is high and the mass of the black hole is
correspondingly modest. The broad Balmer emission lines (FWHM = 2300-2900 km/s)
also suggest a high inclination. For the range of spectral types given above,
we estimate a distance of 1.8 +/- 0.6 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86181 </DOCNO>
Collapsing strange quark matter in Vaidya geometry


  Exact solutions of the gravitational field equations for a mixture of a null
charged strange quark fluid and radiation are obtained in a Vaidya space-time.
The conditions for the formation of a naked singularity are analyzed by
considering the behavior of radial geodesics originating from the central
singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5465 </DOCNO>
Energy Relaxation in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam Arrays


  The dynamics of energy relaxation in thermalized one- and two-dimensional
arrays with nonlinear interactions depend in detail on the interactions and, in
some cases, on dimensionality. We describe and explain these differences for
arrays of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam type. In particular, we focus on the roles of
harmonic contributions to the interactions and of breathers in the relaxation
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149616 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative QED and Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment


  The muon anomalous $g$ value, $a_\mu=(g-2)/2$, is calculated up to one-loop
level in noncommutative QED. We argue that relativistic muon in E821 experiment
nearly always stays at the lowest Landau level. So that spatial coordinates of
muon do not commute each other. Using parameters of E821 experiment, $B=14.5$KG
and muon energy 3.09GeV/c, we obtain the noncommutativity correction to $a_\mu$
is about $1.57\times 10^{-9}$, which significantly makes standard model
prediction close to experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81289 </DOCNO>
Fat and Thin Fisher Zeroes


  We show that it is possible to determine the locus of Fisher zeroes in the
thermodynamic limit for the Ising model on planar (``fat'') phi4 random graphs
and their dual quadrangulations by matching up the real part of the high- and
low-temperature branches of the expression for the free energy. Similar methods
work for the mean-field model on generic, ``thin'' graphs. Series expansions
are very easy to obtain for such random graph Ising models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86981 </DOCNO>
On the Einstein-Vlasov system with hyperbolic symmetry


  It is shown that a spacetime with collisionless matter evolving from data on
a compact Cauchy surface with hyperbolic symmetry can be globally covered by
compact hypersurfaces on which the mean curvature is constant and by compact
hypersurfaces on which the area radius is constant. Results for the related
cases of spherical and plane symmetry are reviewed and extended. The prospects
of using the global time coordinates obtained in this way to investigate the
global geometry of the spacetimes concerned are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168171 </DOCNO>
Scattering by a contact potential in three and lower dimensions


  We consider the scattering of nonrelativistic particles in three dimensions
by a contact potential $\Omega\hbar^2\delta(r)/ 2\mu r^\alpha$ which is defined
as the $a\to 0$ limit of $\Omega\hbar^2\delta(r-a)/2\mu r^\alpha$. It is
surprising that it gives a nonvanishing cross section when $\alpha=1$ and
$\Omega=-1$. When the contact potential is approached by a spherical square
well potential instead of the above spherical shell one, one obtains basically
the same result except that the parameter $\Omega$ that gives a nonvanishing
cross section is different. Similar problems in two and one dimensions are
studied and results of the same nature are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75717 </DOCNO>
Results for all reactions e+ e- -> 4f, 4f + gamma with nonzero fermion


  We accomplish our efforts to obtain predictions for all four-fermion final
states of e+ e- annihilation and the corresponding bremsstrahlung reactions
which are possible in the framework of the Standard Model. For this purpose we
have developed a program EE4FGAMMA. Our predictions are valid for fermions of
arbitrary masses and we can obtain results for total cross sections without any
collinear cut. Keeping exact fermion masses is of course required for top quark
production. We give a detailed phenomenological analysis of fermion mass
effects and real photon radiation for all channels of four-fermion production
at LEP-II and next linear collider energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129234 </DOCNO>
MSX Observations of Diffuse UV Emission in Orion


  We have observed intense diffuse radiation in the UV (1400 A - 2600 A) from
three fields around M42 in Orion. Intensities of 20000 photons cm-2 s-1 sr-1
A-1 were observed to the east and west of M42 with 8000 photons cm-2 s-1 sr-1
A-1 south of the nebula. Enhanced emission, perhaps associated with a nearby
complex of molecular clouds observed in CO, was detected in one of the fields.
The IRAS 100 micron emission in that region is highly correlated with the UV
intensity with a UV-IR ratio of 40 photons cm-2 s-1 sr-1 A-1 (MJy sr-1)-1. In
the other two fields there was no structure in the diffuse emission nor was
there any correlation with the IRAS emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124836 </DOCNO>
Supernovae and the Nature of the Dark Energy


  The use of Type Ia supernovae as calibrated standard candles is one of the
most powerful tools to study the expansion history of the universe and thereby
its energy components. While the analysis of some ~50 supernovae at redshifts
around z~0.5 have provided strong evidence for an energy component with
negative pressure, ``dark energy'', more data is needed to enable an accurate
estimate of the amount and nature of this energy. This might be accomplished by
a dedicated space telescope, the SuperNova / Acceleration Probe (2000; SNAP),
which aims at collecting a large number of supernovae with z<2.
  In this paper we assess the ability of the SNAP mission to determine various
properties of the ``dark energy.'' To exemplify, we expect SNAP, if operated
for three years to study Type Ia supernovae, to be able to determine the
parameters in a linear equation of state w(z)=w0 + w1 z to within a statistical
uncertainty of +-0.04 for w0 and +0.15,-0.17 for w1 assuming that the universe
is known to be flat and an independent high precision (sigma_{Omega_m}=0.015)
measurement of the mass density Omega_m, is used to constrain the fit. An
additional improvement can be obtained if a large number of low-z, as well as
high-z, supernovae are included in the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41812 </DOCNO>
Kaon Rare Decays


  Recent results and future prospects in the rare kaon-decay experiments at
KEK, BNL, CERN and FNAL are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the quark flavor
dynamics in the flavor-changing neutral current processes. Experimental and
data-analysis techniques developed in the rare decay experiments are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127874 </DOCNO>
Structure and dynamics of disks in galaxies


  One the most cited papers in astronomy is Ken Freeman's 1970 paper on
exponential disks in galaxies. In this contribution I review what has been done
in this area since then and what we can infer about systematic properties of
disks in galaxies from surface photometry, HI synthesis observations and
measurements of stellar kinematics. Most disks have radial truncations at $3.6
\pm 0.6$ radial scalelengths $h\subr{R}$. Galaxy disk thicknesses
$h\subr{R}/h\subr{z}= 7.3 \pm 2.2$ imply that these disk cannot be ``maximum
disks''. I briefly discuss a recent study of the ``superthin'' edge-on galaxy
IC 5249.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126827 </DOCNO>
The Nucleosynthetic Signature of Population III


  Growing evidence suggests that the first generation of stars may have been
quite massive (~100-300 M_sun). Could these stars have left a distinct
nucleosynthetic signature? We explore the nucleosynthesis of helium cores in
the mass range M_He=64 to 133 Msun, corresponding to main-sequence star masses
of approximately 140 to 260 M_sun. Above M_He=133 M_sun, without rotation and
using current reaction rates, a black hole is formed and no nucleosynthesis is
ejected. For lighter helium core masses, ~40 to 63 M_sun, violent pulsations
occur, induced by the pair instability and accompanied by supernova-like mass
ejection, but the star eventually produces a large iron core in hydrostatic
equilibrium. It is likely that this core, too, collapses to a black hole, thus
cleanly separating the heavy element nucleosynthesis of pair instability
supernovae from those of other masses, both above and below. Indeed, black hole
formation is a likely outcome for all Population III stars with main sequence
masses between about 25 M_sun and 140 M_sun (M_He = 9 to 63 M_sun) as well as
those above 260 M_sun. Nucleosynthesis in pair-instability supernovae varies
greatly with the mass of the helium core which determines the maximum
temperature reached during the bounce. At the upper range of exploding core
masses, a maximum of 57 M_sun of Ni56 is produced making these the most
energetic and the brightest thermonuclear explosions in the universe.
Integrating over a distribution of masses, we find that pair instability
supernovae produce a roughly solar distribution of nuclei having even nuclear
charge, but are remarkably deficient in producing elements with odd nuclear
charge. Also, essentially no elements heavier than zinc are produced due to a
lack of s- and r-processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169161 </DOCNO>
Biphoton focusing for two-photon excitation


  We study two-photon excitation using biphotons generated via the process of
spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear crystal. We show that the
focusing of these biphotons yields an excitation distribution that is
essentially the same as the distribution of one-photon excitation at the pump
wavelength. We also demonstrate that biphoton excitation in the image region
yields a distribution whose axial width is approximately that of the crystal
thickness and whose transverse width is that of the pump at the input to the
crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6422 </DOCNO>
Instabilities during the evaporation of a film: non glassy polymer +


  We consider solutions where the surface tension of the solvent is smaller
than the surface tension of the polymer. In an evaporating film, a plume of
solvent rich fluid, then induces a local depression in surface tension, and the
surface forces tend to strengthen the plume. We give an estimate (at the level
of scaling laws) for the minimum thickness required to obtain this instability.
We predict that the thickness a) is a decreasing function of the solvent vapor
pressure b) should be very small (<1 micron) provided that the initial solution
is rather dilute. The overall evaporation time for the film should be much
longer than the growth time of the instability. The instability should lead to
distortions of the free surface and may be optically observable. It should
dominate over the classical Bernard-Marangoni instability induced by cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73361 </DOCNO>
From Quark Stars to Hybrid Stars


  We show the possible existence of compact stars having a surface composed of
a mixed phase of quarks and hadrons. This scenario can be realized both for
self-bound stars, satisfying the so-called Witten-Bodmer hypothesis, and for
gravitationally bound stars. This class of solutions of the
Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation can be obtained in all the models we
discuss, within a physically acceptable range of values of the model
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168822 </DOCNO>
Line shape narrowing in carbon dioxide at high pressures


  The description of the narrowing effect at high pressures is demonstrated on
the example of CO2-He absorption for Q-, P-, and R-branches and for the head of
the R-branch. The problem is focused on the physical meaning of this phenomenon
that should be associated with the angular and translation momentum transfer to
matter from the photon absorbed. The effect is described in the approximation
of the single line without the conventional line mixing. A narrowing function
is introduced that links the absorption in the resonance region with the one in
far wings. This function enlarges the absorption of a single line approximately
in two times in the resonance region at high pressures and decreases the one
approximately in 20 times in far wings in comparison with the Lorentzian,
independently of the type of molecule and pressures. The halfwidth of a single
line is assumed to have a nonlinear pressure dependence and approaches to a
saturated value at high pressures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148653 </DOCNO>
The superintegrable chiral Potts quantum chain and generalized Chebyshev


  Finite-dimensional representations of Onsager's algebra are characterized by
the zeros of truncation polynomials. The Z_N-chiral Potts quantum chain
hamiltonians (of which the Ising chain hamiltonian is the N=2 case) are the
main known interesting representations of Onsager's algebra and the
corresponding polynomials have been found by Baxter and Albertini, McCoy and
Perk in 1987-89 considering the Yang-Baxter-integrable 2-dimensional chiral
Potts model. We study the mathematical nature of these polynomials. We find
that for N>2 and fixed charge Q these don't form classical orthogonal sets
because their pure recursion relations have at least N+1-terms. However,
several basic properties are very similar to those required for orthogonal
polynomials. The N+1-term recursions are of the simplest type: like for the
Chebyshev polynomials the coefficients are independent of the degree. We find a
remarkable partial orthogonality, for N=3,5 with respect to Jacobi-, and for
N=4,6 with respect to Chebyshev weight functions. The separation properties of
the zeros known from orthogonal polynomials are violated only by the extreme
zero at one end of the interval.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4781 </DOCNO>
Critical dynamics of gauge systems: Spontaneous vortex formation in 2D


  We examine the formation of vortices during the nonequilibrium relaxation of
a high-temperature initial state of an Abelian-Higgs system. We equilibrate the
scalar and gauge fields using gauge-invariant Langevin equations and relax the
system by instantaneously removing thermal fluctuations. For couplings near
critical we observe the formation of large clusters of like-sign magnetic
vortices. Their appearance has implications for the dynamics of the phase
transition, for the observed distribution of topological defects and for
late-time phase ordering kinetics. We offer explanations for both the observed
vortex densities and vortex configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77058 </DOCNO>
SUSY Scalar Production in the Electroweak Sudakov Regime of Lepton


  We consider the production of SUSY scalar pairs at lepton colliders, for c.m.
energies much larger than the mass of the heaviest SUSY (real or virtual)
particle involved in the process. In that energy regime, we derive the leading
and subleading terms of the electroweak Sudakov logarithms in the MSSM, first
working at one loop with physical states and then resumming to all orders with
asymptotic expansions. We show that the first order of the resummed expression
reproduces the physical one loop approximation, and compute systematically the
possible effects on various observables both at one loop and to all orders. We
discuss the regimes and the processes where the one loop approximation can or
cannot be trusted, working in an energy range between 1 TeV and 4 TeV under a
"light" SUSY mass assumption. As a byproduct of our analysis, we propose a
determination of the MSSM parameter tan(beta) showing how a relative accuracy
of about 25 percent can be easily achieved in the region tan(beta)>14, under
reasonable experimental assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128944 </DOCNO>
Spatially resolved STIS spectra of WR+OB binaries with colliding winds


  We present spatially resolved spectra of the visual WR+OB massive binaries
WR86, WR146, and WR147, obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph
on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The systems are classified as follows:
WR86 = WC7 + B0 III, WR146 = WC6 + O8 I-IIf, WR147 = WN8 + O5-7 I-II(f). Both
WR146 and WR147 are known to have strong non-thermal radio emission arising in
a wind-wind collision shock zone between the WR and OB components. We find that
the spectra of their O companions show Halpha profiles in emission, indicative
of large mass-loss rates, and consistent with the colliding-wind model. Our
spectra indicate that the B component in WR86 has a low mass-loss rate, which
possibly explains the fact that WR86, despite being a long period WR+OB binary,
was not found to be a strong non-thermal radio emitter. Because of the small
mass-loss rate of the B star component in WR86, the wind collision region must
be closer to the B star and smaller in effective area, hence generating smaller
amounts of non-thermal radio emission. Absolute magnitudes for all the stars
are estimated based on the spectral types of the components (based on the
tables by Schmidt-Kaler for OB stars, and van der Hucht for WR stars), and
compared with actual, observed magnitude differences. While the derived
luminosities for the WC7 and B0 III stars in WR86 are consistent with the
observed magnitude difference, we find a discrepancy of at least 1.5 magnitudes
between the observed luminosities of the components in each of WR146 and WR147
and the absolute magnitudes expected from their spectral types. In both cases,
it looks as though either the WR components are about 2 magnitudes too bright
for their spectral types, or that the O components are about 2 magnitudes too
faint. We discuss possible explanations for this apparent discrepancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129032 </DOCNO>
Precursor Plerionic Activity and High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission in the


  The supranova model of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), in which the GRB event is
preceded by a supernova (SN) explosion by a few months to years, has recently
gained support from Fe line detections in X-ray afterglows. A crucial
ingredient of this model yet to be studied is the fast-rotating pulsar that
should be active during the time interval between the SN and the GRB, driving a
powerful wind and a luminous plerionic nebula. We discuss some observational
consequences of this precursor plerion, which should provide important tests
for the supranova model: 1) the fragmentation of the outlying SN ejecta
material by the plerion and its implications for Fe line emission; and 2) the
effect of inverse Compton cooling and emission in the GRB external shock due to
the plerion radiation field. The plerion-induced inverse Compton emission can
dominate in the GeV-TeV energy range during the afterglow, being detectable by
GLAST from redshifts $z \lesssim 1.5$ and distinguishable from self-Compton
emission by its spectrum and light curve. The prospects for direct detection
and identification of the precursor plerion emission are also briefly
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74216 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Field Theory and Lorentz Violation


  The role of Lorentz symmetry in noncommutative field theory is considered.
Any realistic noncommutative theory is found to be physically equivalent to a
subset of a general Lorentz-violating standard-model extension involving
ordinary fields. Some theoretical consequences are discussed. Existing
experiments bound the scale of the noncommutativity parameter to (10 TeV)^{-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74061 </DOCNO>
Two loop radion correction to $K_L$ - $K_S$ mass difference in the


  In the stabilised Randall-Sundrum brane world scenario, the radion can have
phenomenologically testable effects, which can be measured against precisely
measured electroweak physics data. We investigate the effect of two loop radion
corrections to $K_L$ - $K_S$ mass difference to set a bound on the radion mass
and vacuum expectation value. It is found that the leading two loop corrections
are of the order $[Log(\frac{\Lambda^2}{m_\phi^2}) ]^2$ where $\Lambda$ is the
cut-off scale ${\cal O}(\sim$TeV) and $m_\phi$ is the radion mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97093 </DOCNO>
On some examples in Symplectic Topology


  Article is devoted to the Examples 2 and 3 of the symplectic solvable Lie
groups $R$ with some special cohomological properties, which have been
constructed by Benson and Gordon. But they are not succeeded in constructing
corresponding compact forms for symplectic structures on these Lie groups.
Recently A.Tralle proved that there is no compact form in the Example 3. But
his proof is rather complicated and uses some very special topological methods.
  We propose much more simpler (and purely algebraic) method to prove the main
result of the Tralle's paper. Moreover we prove that for Example 2 there is no
compact form too. But it appears that some modification of the construction of
the Example 2 gives some other example of a solvable Lie group $R^{\prime}$
with the same cohomological properties as $R$, but with a compact form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3801 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Approach To Error-Correcting Codes


  We explain an algorithm that approximately but efficiently assesses
particular parity-check error-correcting codes of large, but finite,
blocklength. This algorithm is based on the ``renormalization-group'' approach
from physics: the idea is to continually replace an error-correcting code with
a simpler error-correcting code that has nearly identical performance, until
the code is reduced to a small enough size that its performance can be computed
exactly. This assessment algorithm can be used as a subroutine in a more
general algorithm to search for optimal error-correcting codes of specified
blocklength and rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149666 </DOCNO>
On New Forms of the BRST Transformations


  We show how to derive systematically new forms of the BRST transformations
for a generic gauge fixed action. They arise after a symmetry of the gauge
fixed action is found in the sector involving the Lagrange multiplier and its
canonical momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149501 </DOCNO>
Many faces of Born-Infeld theory


  Born-Infeld theory is the non-linear generalization of Maxwell
electrodynamics. It naturally arises as the low-energy effective action of open
strings, and it is also part of the world-volume effective action of D-branes.
The N=1 and N=2 supersymmetric generalizations of the Born-Infeld action are
closely related to partial spontaneous breaking of rigid extended
supersymmetry. We review some remarkable features of the Born-Infeld action and
outline its supersymmetric generalizations in four dimensions. The non-abelian
N=1 supersymmetric extension of the Born-Infeld theory and its N=1
supergravitational avatars are given in superspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97098 </DOCNO>
Stochastic processes on non-Archimedean spaces. III. Stochastic


  Stochastic processes on totally disconnected topological groups are
investigated. In particular they are considered for diffeomorphism groups and
loop groups of manifolds on non-Archimedean Banach spaces. Theorems about a
quasi-invariance and a pseudo-differentiability of transition measures are
proved. Transition measures are used for the construction of strongly
continuous representations including irreducible of these groups. In addition
stochastic processes on general Banach-Lie groups, loop monoids, loop spaces
and path spaces of manifolds on Banach spaces over non-Archimedean local fields
also are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126549 </DOCNO>
Elliptical Beams in CMB Temperature and Polarization Anisotropy


  We present an analytic approach to the estimation of beam asymmetry effects
in CMB temperature and linear polarization anisotropy experiments. We derive
via perturbative expansions simple and accurate results for the case of an
elliptical Gaussian window. Our results are applied to investigate the effect
of beam ellipticity in the estimation of full-sky polarization correlation
functions and the covariance matrix of power spectra. The relevance of this
effect is also discussed by forecasting errors including beam asymmetry for
current and future CMB experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169018 </DOCNO>
Weak force detection with superposed coherent states


  We investigate the utility of non classical states of simple harmonic
oscillators, particularly a superposition of coherent states, for sensitive
force detection. We find that a superposition of coherent states offers the
same advantage as squeezed states and that, like squeezed states, entangling
these states offers no significant advantage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41521 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical Neutrino Event Rates and Sensitivity for Neutrino


  Spectacular processes in astrophysical sites produce high-energy cosmic rays
which are further accelerated by Fermi-shocks into a power-law spectrum. These,
in passing through radiation fields and matter, produce neutrinos. Neutrino
telescopes are designed with large detection volumes to observe such
astrophysical sources. A large volume is necessary because the fluxes and
cross-sections are small. We estimate various telescopes' sensitivities and
expected event rates from astrophysical sources of high-energy neutrinos. We
find that an ideal detector of km^2 incident area can be sensitive to a flux of
neutrinos integrated over energy from 10^5 and 10^{7} GeV as low as 1.3 *
10^(-8) * E^(-2) (GeV/cm^2 s sr) which is three times smaller than the
Waxman-Bachall conservative upper limit on potential neutrino flux. A real
detector will have degraded performance. Detection from known point sources is
possible but unlikely unless there is prior knowledge of the source location
and neutrino arrival time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179239 </DOCNO>
Limit distributions of many-particle spectra


  We find the limit distributions for a spectrum of a system of n particles
governed by a k-body interaction. The hamiltonian of this system is modelled by
a Gaussian random matrix.
  We show that the limit distribution is a q-deformed Gaussian distribution
with the deformation parameter q depending on the value of the fraction
\frac{k}{\sqrt{n}}. The family of q-deformed Gaussian distributions include the
Gaussian distribution and the semicircular law; therefore our result is a
generalization of the results of Wigner, Mon and French.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1071 </DOCNO>
Ground-State Magnetization for Interacting Fermions in a Disordered


  We study a model of interacting fermions in a disordered potential, which is
assumed to generate uniformly fluctuating interaction matrix elements. We show
that the ground state magnetization is systematically decreased by off-diagonal
fluctuations of the interaction matrix elements. This effect is neglected in
the Stoner picture of itinerant ferromagnetism in which the ground-state
magnetization is simply determined by the balance between ferromagnetic
exchange and kinetic energy, and increasing the interaction strength always
favors ferromagnetism. The physical origin of the demagnetizing effect of
interaction fluctuations is the larger number of final states available for
interaction-induced scattering in the lower spin sectors of the Hilbert space.
We analyze the energetic role played by these fluctuations in the limits of
small and large interaction $U$. In the small $U$ limit we do second-order
perturbation theory and identify explicitly transitions which are allowed for
minimal spin and forbidden for higher spin. These transitions then on average
lower the energy of the minimal spin ground state with respect to higher spin.
For large interactions $U$ we amplify on our earlier work [Ph. Jacquod and A.D.
Stone, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3938 (2000)] which showed that minimal spin is
favored due to a larger broadening of the many-body density of states in the
low-spin sectors. Numerical results are presented in both limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5501 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological theory of phase transitions in highly piezoelectric


  Recently discovered fine structure of the morphotropic phase boundaries in
highly piezoelectric mixture compounds PZT, PMN-PT, and PZN-PT demonstrates the
importance of highly non-linear interactions in these systems. We show that an
adequate Landau-type description of the ferroelectric phase transitions in
these compounds is achieved by the use of a twelfth-order expansion of the
Landau potential in terms of the phenomenological order parameter.
Group-theoretical and catastrophe-theory methods are used in constructing the
appropriate Landau potential. A complete phase diagram is calculated in
phenomenological parameter space. The theory describes both PZT and PZN-PT
types of phase diagrams, including the newly found monoclinic and orthorhombic
phases. Anomalously large piezoelectric coefficients are predicted in the
vicinity of the phase transition lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86948 </DOCNO>
Quantum systems in weak gravitational fields


  Fully covariant wave equations predict the existence of a class of
inertial-gravitational effects that can be tested experimentally. In these
equations inertia and gravity appear as external classical fields, but, by
conforming to general relativity, provide very valuable information on how
Einstein's views carry through in the world of the quantum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1288 </DOCNO>
Magnetoresistance of proximity coupled Au wires


  We report measurements of the magnetoresistance (MR) of narrow Au wires
coupled to a superconducting Al contact on one end, and a normal Au contact on
the other. The MR at low magnetic field $B$ is quadratic in $B$, with a
characteristic field scale $B_c$ determined by phase coherent paths which
encompass not only the wire, but also the two contacts. $B_c$ is essentially
temperature independent at low temperatures, indicating that the area of the
phase coherent paths is not determined by the superconducting coherence length
$L_T$ in the normal metal, which is strongly temperature dependent at low
temperatures. We identify the relevant length scale as a combination of the
electron phase coherence length $L_\phi$ in the normal metal and the coherence
length $\xi_S$ in the superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149386 </DOCNO>
Nonrelativistic Fermions in Magnetic Fields: a Quantum Field Theory


  The statistical mechanics of nonrelativistic fermions in a constant magnetic
field is considered from the quantum field theory point of view. The fermionic
determinant is computed using a general procedure that contains all possible
regularizations. The nonrelativistic grand-potential can be expressed in terms
polylogarithm functions, whereas the partition function in 2+1 dimensions and
vanishing chemical potential can be compactly written in terms of the Dedekind
eta function. The strong and weak magnetic fields limits are easily studied in
the latter case by using the duality properties of the Dedekind function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5457 </DOCNO>
Current Path Properties of the Transport Anisotropy at Filling Factor


  To establish the presence and orientation of the proposed striped phase in
ultra-high mobility 2D electron systems at filling factor 9/2, current path
transport properties are determined by varying the separation and allignment of
current and voltage contacts. Contacts alligned orthogonal to the proposed
intrinsic striped phase produce voltages consistent with current spreading
along the stripes; current driven along the proposed stripe direction results
in voltages consistent with channeling along the stripes. Direct comparison is
made to current spreading/channeling properties of artificially induced 1D
charge modulated systems, which indicates the 9/2 direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129426 </DOCNO>
The baryon fraction in X-Rays galaxy clusters revisited


  One of the most direct way to constrain the matter density of the universe
$\Omega_M$ is to measure the baryon content in X-Rays clusters of galaxies.
Typical value of the mean gas mass fraction is $\fg \sim 0.15h^{-3/2}$ which
leads to $\omM <0.4$. In this talk I will discuss the issue of the gas fraction
radial distribution inside a cluster and foccus on the apparent discrepancy
between the theoretical shape predicted by numerical simulations and the
observations. I will show that a significant part of this discrepancy is due to
several systematics in both the gas mass and total mass determinations.
Revising the gas as well as the binding masses removes such a discrepancy and
results in a lower baryon mass fraction of $\fb(r_{500}) \sim 10 %$ (Sadat &
Blanchard 2001). Finally, I will discuss the cosmological constraints we obtain
when we combine the revised baryon fraction with primordial fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98052 </DOCNO>
On the well-posedness of the wave map problem in high dimensions


  We construct a gauge theoretic change of variables for the wave map from $R
\times R^n$ into a compact group or Riemannian symmetric space, prove a new
multiplication theorem for mixed Lebesgue-Besov spaces, and show the global
well-posedness of a modified wave map equation - $n \ge 4$ - for small critical
initial data. We obtain global existence and uniqueness for the Cauchy problem
of wave maps into {\it compact} Lie groups and symmetric spaces with small
critical initial data and $n \ge 4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75419 </DOCNO>
Progress in Absorber R&D for Muon Cooling


  A stored-muon-beam neutrino factory may require transverse ionization cooling
of the muon beam. We describe recent progress in research and development on
energy absorbers for muon-beam cooling carried out by a collaboration of
university and laboratory groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168382 </DOCNO>
Time Interval Operators


  In this work we will advance farther along a line previously developed
concerning our proposal of a time interval operator, on finite dimensional
spaces. The time interval operator is Hermitian, and its eigenvalues are time
values with a precise and interesting role on the dynamics. With the help of
the Discrete Phase Space Formalism (DPSF) previously developed, we show that
the time interval operator is the complementary pair of the Hamiltonian. From
that, a simple system is proposed as a quantum clock. The only restriction is
that our results do not apply to all possible Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85787 </DOCNO>
Singular Behaviour of electric and magnetic fields in dielectric media


  Evolution of electric and magnetic fields in dielectric media, driven by the
influence of a strong gravitational wave, is considered for four exactly
integrable models. It is shown that the gravitational wave field gives rise to
new effects and to singular behaviour in the electromagnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86357 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Implications of a Non-Separable 5D Solution of the Vacuum


  An exact class of solutions of the 5D vacuum Einstein field equations (EFEs)
is obtained. The metric coefficients are found to be non-separable functions of
time and the extra coordinate $l$ and the induced metric on $l$ = constant
hypersurfaces has the form of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology. The 5D
manifold and 3D and 4D submanifolds are in general curved, which distinguishes
this solution from previous ones in the literature. The singularity structure
of the manifold is explored: some models in the class do not exhibit a big
bang, while other exhibit a big bang and a big crunch. For the models with an
initial singularity, the equation of state of the induced matter evolves from
radiation like at early epochs to Milne-like at late times and the big bang
manifests itself as a singular hypersurface in 5D. The projection of comoving
5D null geodesics onto the 4D submanifold is shown to be compatible with
standard 4D comoving trajectories, while the expansion of 5D null congruences
is shown to be in line with conventional notions of the Hubble expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113784 </DOCNO>
Fully ab initio atomization energy of benzene via W2 theory


  The total atomization energy at absolute zero, (TAE$_0$) of benzene,
C$_6$H$_6$, was computed fully {\em ab initio} by means of W2h theory as 1306.6
kcal/mol, to be compared with the experimentally derived value 1305.7+/-0.7
kcal/mol. The computed result includes contributions from inner-shell
correlation (7.1 kcal/mol), scalar relativistic effects (-1.0 kcal/mol), atomic
spin-orbit splitting (-0.5 kcal/mol), and the anharmonic zero-point vibrational
energy (62.1 kcal/mol). The largest-scale calculations involved are
CCSD/cc-pV5Z and CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ; basis set extrapolations account for 6.3
kcal/mol of the final result. Performance of more approximate methods has been
analyzed. Our results suggest that, even for systems the size of benzene,
chemically accurate molecular atomization energies can be obtained from fully
first-principles calculations, without resorting to corrections or parameters
derived from experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72542 </DOCNO>
Determination of the Gaugino Mass Parameter M_1 in Different Linear


  We study the different linear collider modes with regard to the determination
of the gaugino mass parameter M_1. In a specific mSUGRA inspired scenario we
compare four processes with polarized beams: (a) e+ e- --> neutralino_1
neutralino_2 --> neutralino_1 neutralino_1 e+ e-, (b) e- gamma --> neutralino_1
selectron_{L/R} --> neutralino_1 neutralino_1 e-, (c) gamma gamma -->
chargino_1^+ chargino_1^- --> neutralino_1 neutralino_1 e+ e- neutrino_e
anti-neutrino_e, (d) e- e- --> selectron_{L/R} selectron_{L/R} --> neutralino_1
neutralino_1 e- e-.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86074 </DOCNO>
Inappropriateness of the Rindler quantization


  It is argued that the Rindler quantization is not a correct approach to study
the effects of acceleration on quantum fields. First, the "particle"-detector
approach based on the Minkowski quantization is not equivalent to the approach
based on the Rindler quantization. Second, the event horizon, which plays the
essential role in the Rindler quantization, cannot play any physical role for a
local noninertial observer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124152 </DOCNO>
Astronomical Research with Liquid Mirror Telescopes


  Liquid mirror telescopes are of interest to Astronomy because of their very
low capital and operating costs. Low cost has a potentially revolutionary
impact since it allows one to dedicate a large telescope to a narrowly focused
project that needs a large quantity of observations. The technology is now well
proven in the laboratory as well as in observatory settings and is stepping
into the mainstream of astronomical research. This paper has two main purposes.
a) To acquaint the astronomical community with LMT zenith observing and to
illustrate the LMT advantage with specific examples of research topics of
current interest that could be carried out only with LMTs because of their low
costs. I argue that LMTs are more versatile than generally thought and that the
challenge is to use LMTs in such ways as to maximize their advantages and
minimize their disadvantages. I briefly review specific issues regarding zenith
telescopes. I then illustrate the LMT advantage with specific examples of
astronomical research. b) I show that the large number of objects observed with
a surveying LMT allows one to carry out cosmological projects at low redshifts.
I show that a variability survey would obtain light curves for several
thousands of type Ia supernovae per year up to z=1 and easily discriminate
among competing cosmological models. The same survey would find large numbers
of MACHOs in clusters of galaxies and in background faint galaxies. Finally, I
discuss a spectrophotometric survey carried out with interference filters,
showing its power to discriminate among cosmological models and to study the
large-scale distribution of galaxies in the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5588 </DOCNO>
Observation of anomalous spin-state segregation in a trapped ultra-cold


  We observe counter-intuitive spin segregation in an inhomogeneous sample of
ultra-cold, non-condensed Rubidium atoms in a magnetic trap. We use spatially
selective microwave spectroscopy to verify a model that accounts for the
differential forces on two internal spin states. In any simple understanding of
the cloud dynamics, the forces are far too small to account for the dramatic
transient spin polarizations observed. The underlying mechanism remains to be
elucidated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125332 </DOCNO>
Merger Histories in Warm Dark Matter Structure Formation Scenario


  Observations on galactic scales seem to be in contradiction with recent high
resolution N-body simulations. This so-called cold dark matter (CDM) crisis has
been addressed in several ways, ranging from a change in fundamental physics by
introducing self-interacting cold dark matter particles to a tuning of complex
astrophysical processes such as global and/or local feedback. All these efforts
attempt to soften density profiles and reduce the abundance of satellites in
simulated galaxy halos. In this paper, we explore a somewhat different approach
which consists of filtering the dark matter power spectrum on small scales,
thereby altering the formation history of low mass objects. The physical
motivation for damping these fluctuations lies in the possibility that the dark
matter particles have a different nature i.e. are warm (WDM) rather than cold.
We show that this leads to some interesting new results in terms of the merger
history and large-scale distribution of low mass halos, as compared to the
standard CDM scenario. However, WDM does not appear to be the ultimate
solution, in the sense that it is not able to fully solve the CDM crisis, even
though one of the main drawbacks, namely the abundance of satellites, can be
remedied. Indeed, the cuspiness of the halo profiles still persists, at all
redshifts, and for all halos and sub-halos that we investigated. Despite the
persistence of the cuspiness problem of DM halos, WDM seems to be still worth
taking seriously, as it alleviates the problems of overabundant sub-structures
in galactic halos and possibly the lack of angular momentum of simulated disk
galaxies. WDM also lessens the need to invoke strong feedback to solve these
problems, and may provide a natural explanation of the clustering properties
and ages of dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3267 </DOCNO>
Role of doped layers in dephasing of 2D electrons in quantum well


  The temperature and gate voltage dependences of the phase breaking time are
studied experimentally in GaAs/InGaAs heterostructures with single quantum
well. It is shown that appearance of states at the Fermi energy in the doped
layers leads to a significant decrease of the phase breaking time of the
carriers in quantum well and to saturation of the phase breaking time at low
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2358 </DOCNO>
An Improved Method for Obtaining Single-Phase Sr2MoO4 under Controlled


  We investigated a method for obtaining a sintered bulk sample of single-phase
Sr2MoO4, which has recently increased in importance due to its similarities to
superconducting Sr2RuO4. We discovered that with the aid of Ti2O3 as a p(O2)
buffer, high-purity Sr2MoO4 is successfully synthesized in a sealed tube. We
confirmed the space group and determined the exact elemental composition of the
compound in order to establish its stoichiometry. The guideline for the
rational choice of a p(O2)-buffer material is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74638 </DOCNO>
Wave functions and properties of massive states in three-dimensional


  We apply supersymmetric discrete light-cone quantization (SDLCQ) to the study
of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on R x S^1 x S^1. One of the compact
directions is chosen to be light-like and the other to be space-like. Since the
SDLCQ regularization explicitly preserves supersymmetry, this theory is totally
finite, and thus we can solve for bound-state wave functions and masses
numerically without renormalizing. We present an overview of all the massive
states of this theory, and we see that the spectrum divides into two distinct
and disjoint sectors. In one sector the SDLCQ approximation is only valid up to
intermediate coupling. There we find a well defined and well behaved set of
states, and we present a detailed analysis of these states and their
properties. In the other sector, which contains a completely different set of
states, we present a much more limited analysis for strong coupling only. We
find that, while these state have a well defined spectrum, their masses grow
with the transverse momentum cutoff. We present an overview of these states and
their properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4543 </DOCNO>
Time-resolved spectroscopy of multi-excitonic decay in an InAs quantum


  The multi-excitonic decay process in a single InAs quantum dot is studied
through high-resolution time-resolved spectroscopy. A cascaded emission
sequence involving three spectral lines is seen that is described well over a
wide range of pump powers by a simple model. The measured biexcitonic decay
rate is about 1.5 times the single-exciton decay rate. This ratio suggests the
presence of selection rules, as well as a significant effect of the Coulomb
interaction on the biexcitonic wavefunction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113843 </DOCNO>
Passive scalar anisotropy in a heated turbulent wake: new observations


  The effects of passive scalar anisotropy on subgrid-scale (SGS) physics and
modeling for Large-Eddy Simulations are studied experimentally. Measurements
are performed across a moderate Reynolds number wake flow generated by a heated
cylinder, using an array of four X-wire and four cold-wire probes. By varying
the separation distance among probes in the array, we obtain filtered and
subgrid quantities at three different filter sizes. We compute several terms
that comprise the subgrid dissipation tensor of kinetic energy and
scalar-variance and test for isotropic behavior, as a function of filter scale.
We find that whereas the kinetic energy dissipation tensor tends towards
isotropy at small scales, the SGS scalar-variance dissipation remains
anisotropic independent of filter scale. The eddy-diffusion model predicts
isotropic behavior, whereas the nonlinear (or tensor eddy diffusivity) model
reproduces the correct trends, but overestimates the level of scalar
dissipation anisotropy. These results provide some support for so-called mixed
models but raise new questions about the causes of the observed anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6253 </DOCNO>
Mechanism for Powerlaws without Self-Organization


  A recent claim has been made in the journal Nature that there must be a
self-regulation in the waiting times to see hospital consultants on the ground
that the relative changes in the size of waiting lists follow a power law. In
agreement with simulations of Frecketon and Sutherland, we explain the general
non-self-regulating mechanism underlying this result and derive the exact value
-2 of the exponent found empirically and numerically. In addition, we provide
links with related phenomena encountered in many other fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125208 </DOCNO>
Horizontal-Branch Morphology as an Age Indicator


  We present our recent revision of model constructions for the
horizontal-branch (HB) morphology of globular clusters, which suggests the HB
morphology is more sensitive to age compared to our earlier models. We also
present our high precision CCD photometry for the classic second parameter pair
M3 and M13. The relative age dating based on this photometry indicates that M13
is indeed older than M3 by 1.7 Gyr. This is consistent with the age difference
predicted from our new models, which provides a further support that the HB
morphology is a reliable age indicator in most population II stellar systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148452 </DOCNO>
Energy-momentum Tensors in Matrix Theory and in Noncommutative Gauge


  The energy-momentum tensor of Matrix Theory is derived by computing disk
amplitudes with one closed string and an arbitrary number of open strings and
by taking the DKPS limit. We clarify its relation to the energy-momentum tensor
of the noncommutative gauge theory derived in our previous paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41599 </DOCNO>
Beyond the standard model physics at RHIC in polarized pp collision


  A polarized hadron collider experiment must have a great discovery potential
for a search of physics beyond the standard model. Experimental data of various
symmetry tests at RHIC are going to be obtained within a few years. The author
developed a simulation tool, studying a sensitivity of hunting contact
interaction at RHIC by measuring parity violating spin asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98781 </DOCNO>
Recovery of small electromagnetic inhomogeneities from boundary


  An inverse problem of identifying locations and certain properties of small
dielectric inhomogeneities in a homogeneous background medium from boundary
measurements on a part of the boundary is studied. Using as weights particular
background solutions constructed by solving a minimization problem, an
asymptotic (variational) method based on appropriate averaging of the partial
boundary measurements is developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6758 </DOCNO>
Current Distribution for Superconducting Strip Transmission Lines at


  Current distribution for a thin superconducting strip shielded by two ideally
conducting plains has been calculated. It is shown that at microwave requencies
the current density has maximum over the center of the strip in contrast to the
dc current pattern, which exhibits crowding over the edges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96590 </DOCNO>
On Applications of the Riemannian and Einstein-Weyl Geometry in Theory


  Some properties of the 4-dim Riemannian spaces with metrics $$
ds^2=2(za_3-ta_4)dx^2+4(za_2-ta_3)dxdy+2(za_1-ta_2)dy^2+2dxdz+2dydt $$
associated with the second order nonlinear differential equations $$
y''+a_{1}(x,y){y'}^3+3a_{2}(x,y){y'}^2+3a_{3}(x,y)y'+a_{4}(x,y)=0 $$ with
arbitrary coefficients $a_{i}(x,y)$ and 3-dim Einstein-Weyl spaces connected
with dual equations $$ b''=g(a,b,b') $$ where the function $g(a,b,b')$
satisfied the partial differential equation $$
g_{aacc}+2cg_{abcc}+2gg_{accc}+c^2g_{bbcc}+2cgg_{bccc}+
g^2g_{cccc}+(g_a+cg_b)g_{ccc}-4g_{abc}- $$ $$
 -4cg_{bbc} -cg_{c}g_{bcc}- 3gg_{bcc}-g_cg_{acc}+ 4g_cg_{bc}-3g_bg_{cc}+6g_{bb}
=0 $$ are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179416 </DOCNO>
Resonance life time in Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck theory: observable


  Within the transport BUU theory we study the influence of the choice for the
$\Delta$-resonance life time on pion-nucleus reactions and on heavy-ion
collisions at 1 A GeV. A quite small effect of these modifications on the pion
absorption on nuclei is found provided that the absorption probability of the
$\Delta$-resonance is modified consistently. Observable effects in the case of
heavy-ion collisions are demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3544 </DOCNO>
Structure of nanocrystalline materials using atomic pair distribution


  The structure of LiMoS2 has been experimentally determined for the first
time. The approach of atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis was used
because of the lack of well defined Bragg peaks due to the short structural
coherence (~ 50 A) in this intercalation compound. This represents one of the
first instances where the structure of such poorly diffracting material was
determined from the total scattering including diffuse as well as Bragg
scattering. The reduction of Mo by Li results in Mo-Mo bonding with the
formation of chains of distorted Mo-S6 octahedra. Using the refined structural
parameters the electronic band-structure for this material has been calculated
and is in good agreement with observed material properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85795 </DOCNO>
Stringy Spacetime Uncertainty as an Alternative to Inflation


  In this paper we point out that the spacetime uncertainty relation proposed
for string theory has strong cosmological implications that can solve the
flatness problem and the horizon problem without the need of inflation. We make
minimal assumptions about the very early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7252 </DOCNO>
Photoconductance of a one-dimensional quantum dot


  The ac-transport properties of a one-dimensional quantum dot with non-Fermi
liquid correlations are investigated. It is found that the linear
photoconductance is drastically influenced by the interaction. Temperature and
voltage dependences of the sideband peaks are treated in detail. Characteristic
Luttinger liquid power laws are founded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113518 </DOCNO>
Equations relating structure functions of all orders


  The hierarchy of exact equations is given that relates two-spatial-point
velocity structure functions of arbitrary order with other statistics. Because
no assumption is used, the exact statistical equations can apply to any flow
for which the Navier-Stokes equations are accurate, and they apply no matter
how small the number of samples in the ensemble. The exact statistical
equations can be used to verify DNS computations and to detect their
limitations. For example,if DNS data are used to evaluate the exact statistical
equations, then the equations should balance to within numerical precision,
otherwise a computational problem is indicated. The equations allow
quantification of the approach to local homogeneity and to local isotropy.
Testing the balance of the equations allows detection of scaling ranges for
quantification of scaling-range exponents. The second-order equations lead to
Kolmogorov's equation. All higher-order equations contain a statistic composed
of one factor of the two-point difference of the pressure gradient multiplied
by factors of velocity difference. Investigation of this
pressure-gradient-difference statistic can reveal much about two issues: 1)
whether or not different components of the velocity structure function of given
order have differing exponents in the inertial range, and 2) the increasing
deviation of those exponents from Kolmogorov scaling as the order increases.
Full disclosure of the mathematical methods is in
xxx.lanl.gov/list/physics.flu-dyn/0102055.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73408 </DOCNO>
Low energy analysis of pi N --> pi N


  We derive a representation for the pion nucleon scattering amplitude that is
valid to the fourth order of the chiral expansion. To obtain the correct
analytic structure of the singularities in the low energy region, we have
performed the calculation in a relativistic framework (infrared
regularization). The result can be written in terms of functions of a single
variable. We study the corresponding dispersion relations and discuss the
problems encountered in the straightforward nonrelativistic expansion of the
infrared singularities. As an application, we evaluate the corrections to the
Goldberger-Treiman relation and to the low energy theorem that relates the
value of the amplitude at the Cheng-Dashen point to the \sigma-term. While
chiral symmetry does govern the behaviour of the amplitude in the vicinity of
this point, the representation for the scattering amplitude is not accurate
enough to use it for an extrapolation of the experimental data to the
subthreshold region. We propose to perform this extrapolation on the basis of a
set of integral equations that interrelate the lowest partial waves and are
analogous to the Roy equations for \pi\pi scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1294 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Update for Chain Molecules: Biased Gaussian Steps in


  We develop a new elementary move for simulations of polymer chains in torsion
angle space. The method is flexible and easy to implement. Tentative updates
are drawn from a (conformation-dependent) Gaussian distribution that favors
approximately local deformations of the chain. The degree of bias is controlled
by a parameter b. The method is tested on a reduced model protein with 54 amino
acids and the Ramachandran torsion angles as its only degrees of freedom, for
different b. Without excessive fine tuning, we find that the effective step
size can be increased by a factor of three compared to the unbiased b=0 case.
The method may be useful for kinetic studies, too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124287 </DOCNO>
Ultraviolet and visible spectropolarimetric variability in P Cygni


  We report on new data, including four vacuum ultraviolet spectropolarimetric
observations by the Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-Polarimeter Experiment
("WUPPE") on the Astro-1 (one observation) and Astro-2 (three observations)
shuttle missions, and 15 new visible-wavelength observations obtained by the
HPOL CCD spectropolarimeter at the Pine Bluff Observatory of the University of
Wisconsin. This includes three HPOL observations made within 12 hours of each
of the three Astro-2 WUPPE observations, giving essentially simultaneous
observations extending from 1500 to 10500 Angstroms. An analysis of these data
yields estimates on the properties of wind "clumps" when they are detectable by
the polarization of their scattered light. We find that the clumps must be
detected near the base of the wind, r/R* = 1.3 - 2.5. At this time the clump
density is at least 10^13 cm^-3, 20 times the mean wind, and the temperature is
roughly 10,000 K, about 20% cooler than the mean wind. The clumps leading to
the largest observed polarization must have electron optical depth of 0.1 - 1
and an angular extent of 0.1 - 1 ster, and account for at most 2% of the wind
mass loss. The H and HeI emission lines from the wind are unpolarized, but
their P Cygni absorption is enhanced by a factor of 4 in the scattered light.
We speculate on the possible relationship of the clumps detected
polarimetrically to those seen as Discrete Absorption Features (DACs) and in
interferometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5158 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase interference (Berry phase) in single-molecule magnets of


  Magnetization measurements of a molecular clusters Mn12 with a spin ground
state of S = 10 show resonance tunneling at avoided energy level crossings. The
observed oscillations of the tunnel probability as a function of the magnetic
field applied along the hard anisotropy axis are due to topological quantum
phase interference of two tunnel paths of opposite windings. Mn12 is therefore
the second molecular clusters presenting quantum phase interference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169141 </DOCNO>
Formal solutions of stargenvalue equations


  The two most important equations of Wigner quantum mechanics are the Moyal
and the stargenvalue equations. The latter equation is the Weyl-Wigner
transform of the eigenvalue equation of standard operator quantum mechanics
and, in the context of the Wigner formulation, is of identical importance. The
aim of this letter is to present the formal solution of a general stargenvalue
equation in arbitrary dimension, both for continuous and discrete spectra. The
properties of the formal solution will be studied and a geometrical
interpretation given in terms of star-hypersurfaces in quantum phase space.
These results provide further insight into the mathematical structure of phase
space quantum mechanics and are especially relevant for the construction of a
complete formal solution of Wigner quantum mechanics in the Heisenberg picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5690 </DOCNO>
Towards the observation of Hawking radiation in Bose--Einstein


  Acoustic analogues of black holes (dumb holes) are generated when a
supersonic fluid flow entrains sound waves and forms a trapped region from
which sound cannot escape. The surface of no return, the acoustic horizon, is
qualitatively very similar to the event horizon of a general relativity black
hole. In particular Hawking radiation (a thermal bath of phonons with
temperature proportional to the ``surface gravity'') is expected to occur. In
this note we consider quasi-one-dimensional supersonic flow of a Bose--Einstein
condensate (BEC) in a Laval nozzle (converging-diverging nozzle), with a view
to finding which experimental settings could magnify this effect and provide an
observable signal. We identify an experimentally plausible configuration with a
Hawking temperature of order 70 n K; to be contrasted with a condensation
temperature of the order of 90 n K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3577 </DOCNO>
Resonant Raman Scattering of Interacting Two-Channel Quantum Wires


  Resonant Raman scattering of degenerate interacting two-channel quantum wire
is studied. {\it All} collective excitations of two-channel quantum wire are
shown to give rise to peaks in the polarized Raman spectra near resonance. If
there exist certain symmetries among interactions, a resonant peak can also
appear in the {\it depolarized} Raman spectra, in constrast to the
single-channel case studied by Sassetti and Kramer. We also calculate the
explicit form of the scattering cross-section away from the peaks. The above
features may be experimentally verified in armchair carbon nanotube systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113938 </DOCNO>
Classical Electromagnetic Interaction of a Point Charge and a Magnetic


  A fundamentally new understanding of the classical electromagetic interaction
of a point charge and a magnetic moment through order second order in 1/c is
suggested. This relativistic analysis connects together hidden momentum in
magnets, Solem's strange polarization of the classical hydrogen atom, and the
Aharonov-Bohm Phase shift. We use a relativistic magnetic moment model
consisting of many superimposed classical hydrogen atoms interacting through
the Darwin Lagrangian with an external charge but not with each other. The
analysis of Solem regarding the strange polarization of the classical hydrogen
atom is seen to give a fundamentally different mechanism for the electric field
of the passing charge to change the magnetic moment. The changing magnetic
moment leads to an electric force back at the point charge which i)is second
order in 1/c, ii)depends upon the magnetic dipole moment, changing sign with
the dipole moment, iii)is odd in the charge q of the passing charge, and
iv)reverses sign for charges passing on opposite sides of the magnetic moment.
We suggest that a realistic multi-particle magnetic moment involves a changing
magnetic moment which keeps the electromagnetic field momentum constant. This
means also that the magnetic moment does not allow a significant shift in its
internal center of energy. This criterion also implies that the Lorentz forces
on the charged particle and on the point charge are equal and opposite and that
the center of energy of each moves according to Newton's second law where the
force is exactly the Lorentz force. Finally, we note that the results and
suggestion given here are precisely what are needed to explain both the
Aharonov-Bohm phase shift and the Aharonov-Casher phase shift as arising from
classical electromagnetic forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86723 </DOCNO>
Dimensional Dependence of Black Hole Formation in Self-Similar Collapse


  We study classical and quantum self-similar collapses of a massless scalar
field in higher dimensions, and examine how the increase in the number of
dimensions affects gravitational collapse and black hole formation. Higher
dimensions seem to favor formation of black hole rather than other final
states, in that the initial data space for black hole formation enlarges as
dimension increases. On the other hand, the quantum gravity effect on the
collapse lessens as dimension increases. We also discuss the gravitational
collapse in a brane world with large but compact extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96012 </DOCNO>
An Interesting Class of Operators with unusual Schatten-von Neumann


  We consider the class of integral operators $Q_\f$ on $L^2(\R_+)$ of the form
$(Q_\f f)(x)=\int_0^\be\f (\max\{x,y\})f(y)dy$. We discuss necessary and
sufficient conditions on $\phi$ to insure that $Q_{\phi}$ is bounded, compact,
or in the Schatten-von Neumann class $\bS_p$, $1<p<\infty$. We also give
necessary and sufficient conditions for $Q_{\phi}$ to be a finite rank
operator. However, there is a kind of cut-off at $p=1$, and for membership in
$\bS_{p}$, $0<p\leq1$, the situation is more complicated. Although we give
various necessary conditions and sufficient conditions relating to
$Q_{\phi}\in\bS_{p}$ in that range, we do not have necessary and sufficient
conditions. In the most important case $p=1$, we have a necessary condition and
a sufficient condition, using $L^1$ and $L^2$ modulus of continuity,
respectively, with a rather small gap in between. A second cut-off occurs at
$p=1/2$: if $\f$ is sufficiently smooth and decays reasonably fast, then $\qf$
belongs to the weak Schatten-von Neumann class $\wS{1/2}$, but never to
$\bS_{1/2}$ unless $\f=0$.
  We also obtain results for related families of operators acting on $L^2(\R)$
and $\ell^2(\Z)$.
  We further study operations acting on bounded linear operators on
$L^{2}(\R^{+})$ related to the class of operators $Q_\f$. In particular we
study Schur multipliers given by functions of the form $\phi(\max\{x,y\}) $ and
we study properties of the averaging projection (Hilbert-Schmidt projection)
onto the operators of the form $Q_\f$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40877 </DOCNO>
Hadronization properties of b quarks compared to light quarks in e+e- ->


  The DELPHI detector at LEP has collected 54 pb^{-1} of data at a
centre-of-mass energy around 183 GeV during 1997, 158 pb^{-1} around 189 GeV
during 1998, and 187 pb^{-1} between 192 and 200 GeV during 1999. These data
were used to measure the average charged particle multiplicity in e+e- -> b
bbar events, <n>_{bb}, and the difference delta_{bl} between <n>_{bb} and the
multiplicity, <n>_{ll}, in generic light quark (u,d,s) events: delta_{bl}(183
GeV) = 4.55 +/- 1.31 (stat) +/- 0.73 (syst) delta_{bl}(189 GeV) = 4.43 +/- 0.85
(stat) +/- 0.61 (syst) delta_{bl}(200 GeV) = 3.39 +/- 0.89 (stat) +/- 1.01
(syst). This result is consistent with QCD predictions, while it is
inconsistent with calculations assuming that the multiplicity accompanying the
decay of a heavy quark is independent of the mass of the quark itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75532 </DOCNO>
Parametrizations of Quark Confinement in Production Processes


  Baryons are described as bound states of quarks and scalar as well as
axialvector diquarks. In order to effectively parametrize confinement several
{\it ansaetze} for the dressing functions of the constituent propagators are
used. The corresponding results for electromagnetic and strong form factors
differ only slightly. On the other hand observables from production processes
show the permissibility of different dressing functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40998 </DOCNO>
Beam Measurements of a CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) Chamber


  A striking correlation has recently been observed between global cloud cover
and the flux of incident cosmic rays. The effect of natural variations in the
cosmic ray flux is large, causing estimated changes in the Earth's energy
radiation balance that are comparable to those attributed to greenhouse gases
from the burning of fossil fuels since the Industrial Revolution. However a
direct link between cosmic rays and cloud formation has not been unambiguously
established. We therefore propose to experimentally measure cloud (water
droplet) formation under controlled conditions in a test beam at CERN with a
CLOUD chamber, duplicating the conditions prevailing in the troposphere. These
data, which have never been previously obtained, will allow a detailed
understanding of the possible effects of cosmic rays on clouds and confirm, or
otherwise, a direct link between cosmic rays, global cloud cover and the
Earth's climate. The measurements will, in turn, allow more reliable
calculations to be made of the residual effect on global temperatures of the
burning of fossil fuels, an issue of profound importance to society.
Furthermore, light radio-isotope records indicate a correlation has existed
between global climate and the cosmic ray flux extending back over the present
inter-glacial and perhaps earlier. This suggests it may eventually become
possible to make long-term (10-1,000 year) predictions of changes in the
Earth's climate, provided a deeper understanding can be achieved of the
``geomagnetic climate'' of the Sun and Earth that modulates the cosmic-ray
flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169131 </DOCNO>
Real continuum


  Some physical consequences of the negation of the continuum hypothesis are
considered. It is shown that quantum and classical mechanics are component
parts of the multicomponent description of the set of variable infinite
cardinality. Existence and properties of the set follow directly from the
independence of the continuum hypothesis. Particular emphasis is laid on
set-theoretic aspect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123652 </DOCNO>
The spatial distribution of O-B5 stars in the solar neighborhood as


  We have developed a method to calculate the fundamental parameters of the
vertical structure of the Galaxy in the solar neighborhood from trigonometric
parallaxes alone. The method takes into account Lutz-Kelker-type biases in a
self-consistent way and has been applied to a sample of O-B5 stars obtained
from the Hipparcos catalog. We find that the Sun is located 24.2 +/- 1.7
(random) +/- 0.4 (systematic) pc above the galactic plane and that the disk
O-B5 stellar population is distributed with a scale height of 34.2 +/- 0.8
(random) +/- 2.5 (systematic) pc and an integrated surface density of (1.62 +/-
0.04 (random) +/- 0.14 (systematic)) 10^{-3} stars pc^{-2}. A halo component is
also detected in the distribution and constitutes at least ~5% of the total
O-B5 population. The O-B5 stellar population within ~100 pc of the Sun has an
anomalous spatial distribution, with a less-than-average number density. This
local disturbance is probably associated with the expansion of Gould's belt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125225 </DOCNO>
Ionizing Photons and EUV Excesses in Clusters of Galaxies


  Observations with the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer satellite are purported to
show extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray excesses in several clusters of
galaxies (Bonamente, Lieu & Mittaz 2001). If interpreted as thermal emission,
this would imply the presence of warm (T\sim 10^6 K) gas in these clusters with
a mass comparable to that of gas at coronal temperatures. If true, this would
have profound implications for our understanding of galaxy clusters and the
distribution of baryons in the universe. Here we show that because of the large
ionizing photon emissivities of gas at such low temperatures, the ionizing
photon fluxes seen by disk galaxies in the observed clusters can be very large,
resulting in minimum emission measures from neutral gas in such disks as high
as 100 cm^(-6) pc. This result is essentially independent of the mechanism
actually responsible for producing the alleged EUV excesses. The predicted
emission measures in Abell 1795 (z=0.063) are about an order of magnitude
larger than seen in the Reynolds layer of the Galaxy, providing a
straightforward observational test of the reality of the EUV excess. New
tunable filter H alpha images and WFPC images from the Hubble Space Telescope
archive do not support the existence of the claimed EUV excess.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87244 </DOCNO>
Summary of Session D1(ii), String Theory and Supergravity


  The talks presented in the string theory and supergravity session of the GR16
conference in Durban, South Africa are described below for the proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85865 </DOCNO>
Quantum noise in second generation, signal-recycled laser


  It has long been thought that the sensitivity of laser interferometric
gravitational-wave detectors is limited by the free-mass standard quantum
limit, unless radical redesigns of the interferometers or modifications of
their input/output optics are introduced. Within a fully quantum-mechanical
approach we show that in a second-generation interferometer composed of arm
cavities and a signal recycling cavity, e.g., the LIGO-II configuration, (i)
quantum shot noise and quantum radiation-pressure-fluctuation noise are
dynamically correlated, (ii) the noise curve exhibits two resonant dips, (iii)
the Standard Quantum Limit can be beaten by a factor of 2, over a frequency
range \Delta f/f \sim 1, but at the price of increasing noise at lower
frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95615 </DOCNO>
Projective manifolds with splitting tangent bundles, I


  We investigate the universal cover of projective threefolds whose tangent
bundle is a direct sum of subbundles in case the Kodaira dimension is not 1 and
2. We also prove results on Fano manifolds with splitting tangent bundles in
any dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168657 </DOCNO>
Sub-Riemannian Geometry and Time Optimal Control of Three Spin Systems:


  Many coherence transfer experiments in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy, involving network of coupled spins, use temporary spin-decoupling
to produce desired effective Hamiltonians. In this paper, we show that
significant time can be saved in producing an effective Hamiltonian, if
spin-decoupling is avoided. We provide time optimal pulse sequences for
producing an important class of effective Hamiltonians in three spin networks.
These effective Hamiltonians are useful for coherence transfer experiments and
implementation of quantum logic gates in NMR quantum computing. It is
demonstrated that computing these time optimal pulse sequences can be reduced
to geometric problems that involve computing sub-Riemannian geodesics on
Homogeneous spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86267 </DOCNO>
Charge conservation and Equivalence principle


  The $TH\epsilon\mu$ formalism was developed to study nonmetric theories of
gravitation. In this letter we show that theories that violate Local Lorentz
Invariance (LLI) or Local Position Invariance (LPI) also violate charge
conservation. Using upper bounds on this violation we can put very stringent
limits to violations of Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP). These limits, in
turn, severely restrict string-based models of low energy physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 982 </DOCNO>
Stability of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates


  In three-dimensional trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), described by the
time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii-Ginzburg equation, we study the effect of
initial conditions on stability using a Gaussian variational approach and exact
numerical simulations. We also discuss the validity of the criterion for
stability suggested by Vakhitov and Kolokolov. The maximum initial chirp
(initial focusing defocusing of cloud) that can lead a stable condensate to
collapse even before the number of atoms reaches its critical limit is obtained
for several specific cases. When we consider two- and three-body nonlinear
terms, with negative cubic and positive quintic terms, we have the conditions
for the existence of two phases in the condensate. In this case, the magnitude
of the oscillations between the two phases are studied considering sufficient
large initial chirps. The occurrence of collapse in a BEC with repulsive
two-body interaction is also shown to be possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96787 </DOCNO>
Free subproducts and free scaled products of II_1 factors


  The constructions of free subproducts of von Neumann algebras and free scaled
products are introduced, and results about them are proved, including rescaling
results and results about free trade in free scaled products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2986 </DOCNO>
Electron localization in two-dimensional surface-corrugated conductors:


  Transport properties of narrow two-dimensional conducting wires in which the
electron scattering is caused by side edges' roughness have been studied. The
method for calculating dynamic characteristics of such conductors is proposed
which is based on the two-scale representation of the mode wave functions at
weak scattering. With this method, fundamentally different {\it by-height} and
{\it by-slope} scattering mechanisms associated with edge roughness are
discriminated. The results for single-mode systems, previously obtained by
conventional methods, are proven to correspond to the former mechanism only.
Yet the commonly ignored by-slope scattering is more likely dominant. The
electron extinction lengths relevant to this scattering differ substantially in
functional structure from those pertinent to the by-height scattering. The
transmittance of ultra-quantum wires is calculated over all range of scattering
parameters, from ballistic to localized transport of quasi-particles. The
obtained dependence of scattering lengths on the disorder parameters is valid
qualitatively for arbitrary inter-correlation of the boundaries' defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179698 </DOCNO>
Beta-decay in odd-A and even-even proton-rich Kr isotopes


  Beta-decay properties of proton-rich odd-A and even-even Krypton isotopes are
studied in the framework of a deformed selfconsistent Hartree-Fock calculation
with density-dependent Skyrme forces, including pairing correlations between
like nucleons in BCS approximation. Residual spin-isospin interactions are
consistently included in the particle-hole and particle-particle channels and
treated in Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation. The similarities and
differences in the treatment of even-even and odd-A nuclei are stressed.
Comparison to available experimental information is done for Gamow-Teller
strength distributions, summed strengths, and half-lives. The dependence of
these observables on deformation is particularly emphasized in a search for
signatures of the shape of the parent nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86634 </DOCNO>
Decay Rates and Probability Estimates for Massive Dirac Particles in the


  The Cauchy problem is considered for the massive Dirac equation in the
non-extreme Kerr-Newman geometry, for smooth initial data with compact support
outside the event horizon and bounded angular momentum. We prove that the Dirac
wave function decays in L^\infty_loc at least at the rate t^{-5/6}. For generic
initial data, this rate of decay is sharp. We derive a formula for the
probability p that the Dirac particle escapes to infinity. For various
conditions on the initial data, we show that p=0,1 or 0<p<1. The proofs are
based on a refined analysis of the Dirac propagator constructed in
gr-qc/0005088.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168345 </DOCNO>
Simple Pulses for Universal Quantum Computation with a Heisenberg ABAB


  Recently Levy has shown that quantum computation can be performed using an
ABAB.. chain of spin-1/2 systems with nearest-neighbor Heisenberg interactions.
Levy notes that all necessary elementary computational `gates' can be achieved
by using spin-resonance techniques involving modulating the spin-spin
interaction strength at high frequency. Here we note that, as an alternative to
that approach, it is possible to perform the elementary gates with simple,
non-oscillatory pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5474 </DOCNO>
The Reactivity of MgB2 with Common Substrate and Electronic Materials


  The reactivity of MgB2 with powdered forms of common substrate and electronic
materials is reported. Reaction temperatures between 600 C and 800 C,
encompassing the range commonly employed in thin-film fabrication, were
studied. The materials tested for reactivity were ZrO2, yttria stabilized
zirconia (YSZ), MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, SrTiO3, TiN, TaN, AlN, Si, and SiC. At 600 C,
MgB2 reacted only with SiO2 and Si. At 800 C, however, reactions were observed
for MgB2 with Al2O3, SiO2, Si, SiC, and SrTiO3. The Tc of MgB2 decreased in the
reactions with SiC and Al2O3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129444 </DOCNO>
Search for the Optical Counterparts of Southern Anomalous X-Ray Pulsars


  We report on our search for the optical counterparts of the Southern
Hemisphere anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E1048.1-5937 and the radio-quiet neutron
stars in supernova remnants Puppis A, RCW 103, and PKS 1209-52. The
observations were carried out with the new MIT/CfA MagIC camera on the
Magellan-I 6.5 m telescope in Chile. We present deep multiband optical images
of the X-ray error circles for each of these targets and discuss the resulting
candidates and limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3313 </DOCNO>
Universal properties of aging in structural glasse


  A microscopic theory for equilibrium and non equilibrium relaxations in
structural glasses is formulated. For all temperatures below the glass
transition the dynamics can be asymptotically separated in a $\beta $ -
relaxation regime, which connects a quasi equilibrium with the aging regime and
the aging regime. In the $\beta$ - relaxation regime dynamic correlation are
independent from spatial correlations. This is due to a self organized critical
bifurcation scenario, which gives rise to one dynamic power law and a
logarithmic law. It is shown that the fluctuation dissipation ratio in the
aging regime is a universal property of the system independent from spatial
scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98649 </DOCNO>
Uniform approximate functional equation for principal L-functions


  We prove an approximate functional equation for the central value of the
L-series attached to an irreducible cuspidal automorphic representation of
GL(m) over a number field with unitary central character. We investigate the
decay rate of the terms involved using the analytic conductor of Iwaniec and
Sarnak as a guideline. Straightforward extensions of the results exist for
products of central values. We hope that these formulae will help further
understanding of the central values of principal L-functions, such as finding
good bounds on their various power means, or establishing subconvexity or
nonvanishing results in certain families. A crucial role in the proofs is
played by recent progress on the Ramanujan--Selberg conjectures achieved by
Luo, Rudnick and Sarnak. The bounds at the non-Archimedean places enter through
the work of Molteni.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97088 </DOCNO>
Lefschetz pencils, Morse functions, and Lagrangian embeddings of the


  It is shown that the mod 2 homology class represented by a Lagrangian Klein
bottle in a complex algebraic surface is non-trivial. It follows that the Klein
bottle does not admit a Lagrangian embedding into the standard symplectic
four-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75937 </DOCNO>
Pomeron effective intercept, logarithmic derivatives of $F_{2}(x,Q^{2})$


  The drastic rise of the proton structure function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ when the
Bj\"orken variable $x$ decreases, seen at HERA for a large span of $Q^2$, may
be damped when $x\to 0$ and $Q^2$ increases beyond $\sim$ several hundreds
\g2. This phenomenon observed in the Regge type models is discussed in terms of
the effective Pomeron intercept and of the derivative $B_x=\partial{\ell n
F_2(x,Q^2)}/\partial{\ell n(1/x)}$. The method of the overlapping bins is used
to extract the derivatives $B_x$ and $B_Q=\partial{\ell n
F_2(x,Q^2)}/\partial{Q^2}$ from the data on $F_2$ for $6.0\cdot 10^{-5}\le x\le
0.61$ and $1.2 \le Q^2$ (\g2) $\le 5000$. It is shown that the extracted
derivatives are well described by recent Regge models with the Pomeron
intercept equal one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128373 </DOCNO>
New insights on the accuracy of photometric redshift measurements


  We use the deepest and most complete redshift catalog currently available
(the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) North supplemented by new HDF South redshift data)
to minimize residuals between photometric and spectroscopic redshift estimates.
 The good agreement at z_spec < 1.5 shows that model libraries provide a good
description of the galaxy population. At z_spec > 2.0, the systematic shift
between photometric and spectroscopic redshifts decreases when the modeling of
the absorption by the interstellar and intergalactic media is refined. As a
result, in the entire redshift range 0 < z < 6, residuals between photometric
and spectroscopic redshifts are roughly halved. For objects fainter than the
spectroscopic limit, the main source of uncertainty in photometric redshifts is
related to photometric errors, and can be assessed with
 Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169100 </DOCNO>
Limits of fractality: Zeno boxes and relativistic particles


  Physical fractals invariably have upper and lower limits for their fractal
structure. Berry has shown that a particle sharply confined to a box has a wave
function that is fractal both in time and space, with no lower limit. In this
article, two idealizations of this picture are softened and a corresponding
lower bound for fractality obtained. For a box created by repeated measurements
(\`a la the quantum Zeno effect), the lower bound is $\Delta x\sim \Delta t
(\hbar/{mL})$ with $\Dt$ the interval between measurements and $L$ is the size
of the box. For a relativistic particle, the lower bound is the Compton
wavelength, $\hbar/mc$. The key step in deriving both results is to write the
propagator as a sum over classical paths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74321 </DOCNO>
Ineffective Supersymmetry: Electroweak Symmetry Breaking from Extra


  Recently, a mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) was discussed,
in which the scale of EWSB is set by the scale of an additional dimension R ~
Tev^-1. The mechanism involves supersymmetry, but broken in such a fashion that
high (four-dimensional) momentum loops are cut off by the finite size of the
radius. In a Kaluza-Klein decomposition, a hard cutoff seems to give a strong
cutoff dependence, while summing the entire tower is not only cutoff
insensitive, but actually finite. Such behavior is easily understood in a
formulation that respects five-dimensional locality. Finally, we note that
certain models of this type naturally give operators which can ``fake'' the
presence of a light Higgs in precision electroweak observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5014 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous breaking of the C, P, and rotational symmetries by


  We formulate models of complex scalar fields in the space-time that has a
two-dimensional sphere as extra dimensions. The Dirac-Wu-Yang monopole is set
in two-sphere S^2 as a background gauge field. The nontrivial topology of the
monopole induces topological defects, i.e. vortices. When the radius of S^2 is
larger than a critical radius, the scalar field develops a vacuum expectation
value and creates vortices in S^2. Then the vortices break the rotational
symmetry of S^2. We exactly evaluate the critical radius as r_q =
\sqrt{|q|}/\mu, where q is the monopole number and \mu is the imaginary mass of
the scalar. We show that the vortices repel each other. We analyze the vacua of
the models with one scalar field in each case of q=1/2, 1, 3/2 and find that:
when q=1/2, a single vortex exists; when q=1, two vortices sit at diametrical
points on S^2; when q=3/2, three vortices sit at the vertices of the largest
triangle on S^2. The symmetry of the model G = U(1) x SU(2) x CP is broken to
H_{1/2} = U(1)', H_{1} = U(1)'' x CP, H_{3/2} = D_{3h}, respectively. Here
D_{3h} is the symmetry group of a regular triangle. We extend our analysis to
the doublet scalar fields and show that the symmetry is broken from G_{doublet}
= U(1) x SU(2) x SU(2)_f x P to H_{doublet} = SU(2)' x P. Finally we obtain the
exact vacuum of the model with the multiplet (q_1, q_2,..., q_{2j+1}) = (j,
j,..., j) and show that the symmetry is broken from G_{multiplet} = U(1) x
SU(2) x SU(2j+1)_f x CP to H_{multiplet} = SU(2)' x CP'. Our results caution
that a careful analysis of dynamics of the topological defects is required for
construction of a reliable model that possesses such a defect structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125035 </DOCNO>
Does the galaxy correlation length increase with the sample depth?


  We have analyzed the behavior of the correlation length, $r_0$, as a function
of the sample depth by extracting from the CfA2 redshift survey volume--limited
samples out to increasing distances. For a fractal distribution, the value of
$r_0$ would increase with the volume occupied by the sample. We find no linear
increase for the CfA2 samples of the sort that would be expected if the
Universe preserved its small scale fractal character out to the distances
considered (60--100$\hmpc$). The results instead show a roughly constant value
for $r_0$ as a function of the size of the sample, with small fluctuations due
to local inhomogeneities and luminosity segregation. Thus the fractal picture
can safely be discarded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128342 </DOCNO>
High spectral resolution time-resolved optical spectroscopy of V893 Sco


  We present high resolution time-resolved optical spectra of the high
inclination short orbital period dwarf nova V893 Sco. We performed spectral
analysis through radial velocity measurements, Doppler mapping, and ratioed
Doppler maps. Our results indicate that V893 Sco's accretion disk is dissimilar
to WZ Sge's accretion disk, and does not fit any of the current accretion disk
models. We derive the system parameters M1 and i, and present evidence for V893
Sco as a very young cataclysmic variable and an ER UMa star. We advance the
hypothesis that all ER UMa stars may be newly formed cataclysmic variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149092 </DOCNO>
Energy conditions and classical scalar fields


  Attention has been recently called upon the fact that the weak and null
energy conditions and the second law of thermodynamics are violated in wormhole
solutions of Einstein's theory with classical, nonminimally coupled, scalar
fields as material source. It is shown that the discussion is only meaningful
when ambiguities in the definitions of stress-energy tensor and energy density
of a nonminimally coupled scalar are resolved. The three possible approaches
are discussed with emphasis on the positivity of the respective energy
densities and covariant conservation laws. The root of the ambiguities is
traced to the energy localization problem for the gravitational field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113646 </DOCNO>
Unified Theory of Field with Modul of Squared Curvature as Lagrangian


  The 4-D theory with connection components Gamma^k_{mn} as field variables and
module of squared curvature |R^k_{lmn}R^{lmn}_k| as Lagrangian is described.
The Maxwell equations, the Lorentz condition and the gravity field equation,
that agrees with Newton's theory, result from equations of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81317 </DOCNO>
The Charm Quark Mass to Two-Loop Order


  The truncation of the perturbative series at one loop order for the mass
renormalization constants remain a significant systematic uncertainty in the
determination of heavy quark masses in lattice QCD. We present here a high beta
Monte Carlo calculation of the two loop mass renormalization constant for
clover-improved fermions near the charm mass in the Fermilab heavy quark
formalism. A preliminary value for the charm quark mass in the MS-bar scheme at
two loop order is reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73149 </DOCNO>
Rates for rapidity gap Higgs production


  We present model-independent estimates of the signal-to-background ratio for
Higgs --> b anti-b detection in double-diffractive events at the Tevatron and
the LHC. For the missing-mass approach to be able to identify the Higgs boson,
it will be necessary to tag the b quark jets in the central region. The signal
is predicted to be very small at the Tevatron, but observable at the LHC. We
note that the double-diffractive dijet production, may serve as a unique gluon
factory. This process can be used also as a Pomeron-Pomeron luminosity monitor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128514 </DOCNO>
On the Relationship Between Radio Emission and Black Hole Mass in


  We use a comprehensive database of black hole masses and nuclear luminosities
to investigate the relationship between radio emission and black hole mass. Our
sample covers a wide range of nuclear activity, from nearby inactive nuclei to
classical Seyfert 1 nuclei and luminous quasars. Contrary to some previous
studies, we find that the radio continuum power, either integrated for the
entire galaxy or isolated for the core, correlates poorly with black hole mass.
The degree of nuclear radio loudness, parameterized by the radio-to-optical
luminosity ratio R, also shows no clear dependence on black hole mass.
Radio-loud nuclei exist in galaxies with a wide range of black hole mass, from
\~ 10^6 to a few X 10^9 solar masses, and in a variety of hosts, from
disk-dominated spirals to giant ellipticals. We demonstrate that R is strongly
inversely correlated with L/L_E, the ratio of nuclear luminosity to the
Eddington luminosity, and hence with mass accretion rate. Most or all of the
weakly active nuclei in nearby galaxies are radio-loud, highly sub-Eddington
systems that are plausibly experiencing advection-dominated accretion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125281 </DOCNO>
Different Types of X-ray Variability Observed in Micro-Quasar GRS


  The galactic micro-quasar source GRS 1915+105 has been observed with the
Indian X-ray Astronomy Experiment (IXAE) several times over a period extending
from 1996 to 2000. The source has been observed in different luminosity states
and exhibits a rich variety of random and regular X-ray variability over a wide
range of time scales. It also shows a unique variability characteristic namely
the occurrence of quasi-regular X-ray bursts with period ranging from 20 s to
about 100 s which have slow rise and fast decay. The X-ray spectrum of these
bursts is hardest near the end of decay. In the low-hard state and bright-soft
state with rapid variability, the source exhibits quasi-periodic oscillations
(QPOs) with variable frequency which is luminosity dependent. Regular X-ray
intensity dips have been detected coincident with the occurrence of a giant
radio outburst. The source made a transition from a low-state to a high-state
in 1999 in less than a day and from a soft-bright state to a hard-low state in
2000 in less than 100 minutes during the IXAE observations. Details of these
and other variability characteristics of the source are presented in this
paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127930 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Black-hole Mass - Period Correlation in Soft X-ray


  We investigate the soft X-ray transients with black hole primaries which may
have been the sources of gamma-ray bursts and hypernovae earlier in their
evolution. We find that the black-hole mass increases with the orbital period
of the binary, both for systems with main-sequence donors and for those with
evolved donors. This correlation can be understood in terms of angular-momentum
support in the helium star progenitor of the black hole, if the systems with
shorter periods had more rapidly rotating primaries prior to their explosion:
centrifugal support will then prevent more of its mass from collapsing into the
black hole. This trend of more rapidly rotating stars in closer binaries is
very generally seen, and in the present case can be understood in terms of
spin-up during spiral in and subsequent tidal coupling. We investigate the
relation quantitatively and obtain reasonable agreement with the observed
mass-period correlation. A natural consequence of this observation is that
black holes formed in soft X-ray transients acquire significant Kerr
parameters. This makes them good sources of power for gamma-ray bursts and
hypernovae, via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism, and thus supports our model for
the origin of gamma-ray bursts in soft X-ray transients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74137 </DOCNO>
Nonanomalous R-symmetry in supersymmetric unified theories of quarks and


  A discrete R-symmetry often appears as an exact gauge symmetry in the low
energy effective theory of superstring theories. We search for such discrete
R-symmetries from a phenomenological point of view and find that Z_{9R} and
Z_{18R} are candidates of the nonanomalous R-symmetry in the case of the
minimal supersymmetric standard model. We also find Z_{4R} and Z_{20R} in the
case that quarks and leptons are embedded in the SU(5) GUT multiplets.
Interesting is that in the latter case all the solutions predict some extra
matter multiplets and we find that the simplest choice is to take a pair of
{\bf 5} and {\bf 5}^* of SU(5)_{GUT} whose mass is of order the SUSY breaking
scale \sim 1 TeV. We emphasize that the presence of such extra matters is
testable in future collider experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6851 </DOCNO>
Tensor form of magnetization damping


  A tensor form of phenomenological damping is derived for small magnetization
motions. This form reflects basic physical relaxation processes for a general
uniformly magnetized particle or film. Scalar Landau-Lifshitz damping is found
to occur only for two special cases of system symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148660 </DOCNO>
Dual equivalence between Self-Dual and Maxwell-Chern-Simons models


  We study the equivalence between the self-dual and the Maxwell-Chern-Simons
(MCS) models coupled to dynamical, U(1) charged matter, both fermionic and
bosonic. This is done through an iterative procedure of gauge embedding that
produces the dual mapping of the self-dual vector field theory into a
Maxwell-Chern-Simons version. In both cases, to establish this equivalence a
current-current interaction term is needed to render the matter sector
unchanged. Moreover, the minimal coupling of the original self-dual model is
replaced by a non-minimal magnetic like coupling in the MCS side. Unlike the
fermionic instance however, in the bosonic example the dual mapping proposed
here leads to a Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory immersed in a field dependent
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1732 </DOCNO>
Time dependence of breakdown in a global fiber-bundle model with


  A time-dependent global fiber-bundle model of fracture with continuous damage
is formulated in terms of a set of coupled non-linear differential equations. A
first integral of this set is analytically obtained. The time evolution of the
system is studied by applying a discrete probabilistic method. Several results
are discussed emphasizing their differences with the standard time-dependent
model. The results obtained show that with this simple model a variety of
experimental observations can be qualitatively reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149055 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity In De Sitter Space


  We discuss some general properties of quantum gravity in De Sitter space. It
has been argued that the Hilbert space is of finite dimension. This suggests a
macroscopic argument that General Relativity cannot be quantized -- unless it
is embedded in a more precise theory that determines the value of the
cosmological constant. We give a definition of the quantum Hilbert space using
the asymptotic behavior in the past and future, without requiring detailed
microscopic knowledge. We discuss the difficulties in defining any precisely
calculable or measurable observables in an asymptotically de Sitter spacetime,
and explore some meta-observables that appear to make mathematical sense but
cannot be measured by an observer who lives in the spacetime. This article is
an expanded version of a lecture at Strings 2001 in Mumbai.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73812 </DOCNO>
Phases of QCD with nonvanishing isopin density


  The propagation of low-momentum baryons through QCD matter at low isospin
density is studied using chiral perturbation theory. When the isospin chemical
potential exceeds a critical value, the dispersion relation for the lowest
nucleon mode becomes anomalous near zero momentum---increasing momentum yields
decreasing energy---so that the momentum for the lowest energy state, p_min,
becomes nonzero. This can be interpreted as a new phase of QCD, with p_min
serving as the order parameter and the kinetic mass (defined as the inverse of
the second derivative of the energy with respect to the momentum at p_min)
serving as the susceptibility. A lowest-order chiral-perturbation-theory
calculation yields a critical isospin chemical potential of 285 MeV. Since this
is small compared to the chiral-symmetry-breaking scale, corrections to it are
likely to be modest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125948 </DOCNO>
CO emission from high redshift


  Future observations with ALMA will be able to detect star-forming primordial
gal axies, and perhaps even their dwarf spheroidal satellites, in CO emission
lines at redshifts approaching 10. These observations will compliment other
tools designed to study the dawn of galaxy formation, such as NGST and FIRST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41104 </DOCNO>
Status of the Experiment on the Laboratory Search for the Electron


  The experiment on the direct detection of antineutrino-electron scattering
with an artificial tritium source allows to lower the present-day laboratory
limit for the neutrino magnetic moment by two orders of magnitude. The
experiment brings together novel unique technologies in studies of rare
processes of neutrino-electron scattering: an artificial source of
antineutrinos from tritium decay of 40 MCi activity with the antineutrino flux
density ~6 10^{14}cm^{-2} s^{-1}; new types of detectors capable of detecting
electrons with energy down to ~10 eV, namely, a silicon cryogenic detector
based on the ionization-into-heat conversion effect, a high purity germanium
detector with the internal amplification of a signal in the electric field. A
compact installation located in a specially equipped laboratory underground
<100 m w.e.) will provide favorable background conditions for running the
experiment. With the background level about 0.1 events/kg keV day and detector
assembly masses 3kg and 5kg for the silicon and germanium ones, respectively,
the limit for the electron antineutrino magnetic moment mu_nu < 3 10^{-12}mu_B
will be obtained during 1-2 years of data acquisition. Status of the experiment
and state-of-the-art are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41413 </DOCNO>
Evidence for the Decay $D^0\to K^+ \pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$


  We present a search for the ``wrong-sign'' decay D0 -> K+ pi- pi+ pi- using 9
fb-1 of e+e- collisions on and just below the Upsilon(4S) resonance. This decay
can occur either through a doubly Cabibbo-suppressed process or through mixing
to a D0bar followed by a Cabibbo-favored process. Our result for the
time-integrated wrong-sign rate relative to the decay D0 -> K- pi+ pi- pi+ is
(0.0041 +0.0012-0.0011(stat.) +-0.0004(syst.))x(1.07 +-0.10)(phase space),
which has a statistical significance of 3.9 standard deviations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168472 </DOCNO>
Symmetric photon-photon coupling by atoms with Zeeman-split sublevels


  We propose a simple scheme for highly efficient nonlinear interaction between
two weak optical fields. The scheme is based on the attainment of
electromagnetically induced transparency simultaneously for both fields via
transitions between magnetically split F=1 atomic sublevels, in the presence of
two driving fields. Thereby, equal slow group velocities and symmetric
cross-coupling of the weak fields over long distances are achieved. By simply
tuning the fields, this scheme can either yield giant cross-phase modulation or
ultrasensitive two-photon switching.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98205 </DOCNO>
Time decay for solutions of Schr\"odinger equations with rough and time


  We establish dispersive and Strichartz estimates for solutions to the linear
time-dependent Schr\"odinger equations with potential in three dimensions. Our
main focus is on the small rough time-dependent potentials. Examples of such
potentials are of the form $V(t,x)=T(t) V_0(x)$, where $T$ is quasiperiodic in
time and $V_0$ is essentially an $L^{3/2}$ function of the spatial variables.
We also prove the dispersive estimates for small time-independent potentials
which belong to the interestion of the Rollnik and global Kato classes.
Finally, we settle the question posed by Journe, Soffer, Sogge concerning
Strichartz estimates for potentials that decay faster than $|x|^{-2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2588 </DOCNO>
Two dimensional photonic crystals


  The topology, the symmetry involving the shape of dielectric cylinders, and
the lattice structure are among the most important ingredients in the
architecture of photonic crystals. In this paper, we present a systematic
derivation of the formulas which are needed in computing the photonic band
structures of many commonly used two dimensional lattice structures and
dielectric cylinders with various kinds of symmetries and rotations. Further
the results are applied to arrays of hollow cross-shaped cylinders embedded in
the alumina ceramic background. A large complete photonic band gap is found in
the high frequency regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 21 </DOCNO>
How does the Eurodollar Interest Rate behave?


  An empirical analysis on Eurodollar interest rates daily data in the time
period 1990-1996, is performed and compared with Libor data in the time period
1984-1998. The complementary cumulative distributions for the daily
fluctuations at different maturity dates and the Power Spectral Density are
computed. We find that the probability distribution shows `fat' tails with
non-Gaussian behaviours. Moreover, we study the correlations among Eurodollar
interest rates fluctuations with different maturity dates. By using an original
clustering linkage, we show how the collective motion of the interest rates
curve can be analyzed in sub-groups of maturity dates with similar behaviours.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84056 </DOCNO>
Part of Speech Tagging in Thai Language Using Support Vector Machine


  The elastic-input neuro tagger and hybrid tagger, combined with a neural
network and Brill's error-driven learning, have already been proposed for the
purpose of constructing a practical tagger using as little training data as
possible. When a small Thai corpus is used for training, these taggers have
tagging accuracies of 94.4% and 95.5% (accounting only for the ambiguous words
in terms of the part of speech), respectively. In this study, in order to
construct more accurate taggers we developed new tagging methods using three
machine learning methods: the decision-list, maximum entropy, and support
vector machine methods. We then performed tagging experiments by using these
methods. Our results showed that the support vector machine method has the best
precision (96.1%), and that it is capable of improving the accuracy of tagging
in the Thai language. Finally, we theoretically examined all these methods and
discussed how the improvements were achived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41039 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Charmless Hadronic B Decays Branching Fraction at BABAR


  We present preliminary measurements of the branching fractions for charmless
hadronic decays of B mesons into two-body final states with kaons, pions and a
phi resonance. The measurements are based on a data sample of approximately 23
million B-anti-B pairs collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric
B Factory at SLAC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4732 </DOCNO>
Spectral and Transport Properties of d-Wave Superconductors With Strong


  One of the remarkable features of disordered d-wave superconductors is strong
sensitivity of long range properties to the microscopic realization of the
disorder potential. Particularly rich phenomenology is observed for the --
experimentally relevant -- case of dilute distributions of isolated impurity
centers. Building on earlier diagrammatic analyses, the present paper derives
and analyses a low energy effective field theory of this system. Specifically,
the results of previous diagrammatic T-matrix approaches are extended into the
perturbatively inaccessible low energy regimes, and the long range (thermal)
transport behaviour of the system is discussed. It turns out that in the
extreme case of a half-filled tight binding band and infinitely strong
impurities (impurities at the unitary limit), the system is in a delocalized
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5039 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle contribution to heat carriers relaxation time in


  It is shown that the controversy on phonons or electrons being the most
influenced heat carriers below the critical temperature of high-T$_c$
superconductors can be resolved. Electrical and thermal properties of the same
DyBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ monodomain have been measured for two highly different
oxygenation levels. While the oxygenated sample DyBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7}$ has very
good superconducting properties ($T_c=90$ K), the DyBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.3}$
sample exhibits an insulator behavior. A careful comparison between
measurements of the {\bf thermal diffusivity} of both samples allows us to
extract the electronic contribution. This contribution to the relaxation time
of heat carriers is shown to be large below $T_c$ and more sensitive to the
superconducting state than the phonon contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3725 </DOCNO>
Exchange instability of the two-dimensional electron gas in


  A two-dimensional (2D) electron gas formed in a modulation-doped GaAs/AlGaAs
single quantum well undergoes a first-order transition when the first excited
subband is occupied with electrons, as the Fermi level is tuned into resonance
with the excited subband by applying a dc voltage. Direct evidence for this
effect is obtained from low-temperature photoluminescence spectra which display
the sudden renormalization of the intersubband energy $E_{01}$ upon the abrupt
occupation of the first excited subband. Calculations within density-functional
theory, which treat the 2D exchange potential {\it exactly}, show that this
thermodynamical instability of the electron system is mainly driven by {\it
intersubband} terms of the exchange Coulomb interaction. From
temperature-dependent measurements the existence of a critical point at $T_c =
35\pm 5$ K is inferred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75652 </DOCNO>
Rates of neutrino conversion and decay in hot and dense QED plasma


  Using a real-time formalism of equilibrium and nonequilibrium quantum-field
theory, we derive the reaction-rate formula for neutrino-conversion ($\nu \to
\nu'$) process and $\nu \bar{\nu}'$ annihilation process, which take place in a
hot and dense QED plasma with background (anti)neutrinos out of equilibrium.
Also derived is the formula for the inverse processes to the above ones. Using
the hard-thermal-loop resummation scheme, we include the contribution from the
coherent processes. The decay/production of a neutrino causes an evolution of
its spatial distribution. A scheme for dealing with this evolution is
presented. For the case of isotropic neutrino distribution, numerical
computation is carried out for the parameter region of type-II super-nova
explosion. Defferential reaction rate exhibits characteristic peak structure,
which comes from the coherent processes. The contribution from the above
processes to the decay or damping rate of a parent neutrino $\nu$ is also
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123957 </DOCNO>
Are Compact Hyperbolic Models Observationally Ruled Out?


  We revisit the observational constraints on compact(closed) hyperbolic(CH)
models from cosmic microwave background(CMB). We carry out Bayesian analyses
for CH models with volume comparable to the cube of the present curvature
radius using the COBE-DMR data and show that a slight suppression in the
large-angle temperature correlations owing to the non-trivial topology explains
rather naturally the observed anomalously low quadrupole which is incompatible
with the prediction of the standard infinite Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models.
While most of positions and orientations are ruled out, the likelihoods of CH
models are found to be much better than those of infinite counterparts for some
specific positions and orientations of the observer, leading to less stringent
constraints on the volume of the manifolds. Even if the spatial geometry is
nearly flat as $\Omega_{tot}=0.9-0.95$, suppression of the angular power on
large angular scales is still prominent for CH models with volume much less
than the cube of the present curvature radius if the cosmological constant is
dominant at present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169267 </DOCNO>
The simplest non-trivial model of chaotic causal dynamics


  The simplest non-trivial model of chaotic Bohmian dynamics is identified. We
argue that its most important features can be observed in more complex models,
above all, the presumable mechanism of the appearance of chaos in the
Bohmian-type dynamical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6580 </DOCNO>
Calculation of levitation forces in permanent-superconductor systems


  The magnetic levitation forces of a superconducting disk (SC) levitated by a
cylindrical permanent magnet (PM) have been calculated from first principles
for superconductors with finite thickness. The current $j(\rho,z)$ and field
$B(\rho,z)$ profiles in the SC in the non-uniform magnetic field generated by
the PM have been derived. The levitation force is observed to depend
non-linearly on the critical current density $j_c$ and on the thickness of the
SC. The flux creep is described by a current-voltage law $E(j)=E_c(j/j_c)^n$,
from which we show that the levitation force depends on the speed at which the
PM approaches or recedes from the SC, which accounts for the experimentally
observed force creep phenomenon. The stiffness of the system has been derived
by calculating the minor force loops. The numerical results reproduce many of
the features exhibited by experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41119 </DOCNO>
Hard exclusive meson production at next-to-leading order


  We evaluate perturbative next-to-leading order corrections to the hard
exclusive leptoproduction of pi+ mesons on a transversely polarized proton
target. A model dependent study shows that these corrections can be large. We
analyze the scale dependence and explore the Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie scale
setting procedure. Although the predictions for the cross section suffer from
theoretical uncertainties, the transverse nucleon single spin asymmetry turns
out to be a rather stable observable since higher order effects approximately
cancel there.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125661 </DOCNO>
The Properties of the Radio-Selected 1Jy Sample of BL Lacertae Objects


  We present new optical and near-IR spectroscopy as well as new high dynamic
range, arcsecond-resolution VLA radio maps of BL Lacs from the complete
radio-selected "1 Jansky" (1Jy) sample (RBLs) for which such data were not
previously available. Unlike BL Lacs from the complete X-ray-selected Einstein
Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS) sample (XBLs), most RBLs possess weak but
moderately luminous emission lines. And whereas nearly all XBLs have extended
power levels consistent with FR-1s, more than half of the RBLs have extended
radio power levels too luminous to be beamed FR-1 radio galaxies. In fact, we
find evidence for and examples of three distinct mechanisms for creating the BL
Lac phenomenon in the 1Jy sample: beamed FR-1s, beamed FR-2s and possibly a few
gravitationally-lensed quasars. The v/v_max determined for the 1Jy sample is
0.614+/-0.047, which is markedly different from the negative evolution seen in
the EMSS and other XBL samples. A correlation between logarithmic X-ray to
radio flux ratio and v/v_max is observed across the EMSS and 1Jy samples, from
negative evolution in the more extreme XBLs to positive evolution in the more
extreme RBLs. There is evidence that the selection criteria chosen by Stickel
et al. eliminates some BL Lac objects from the 1Jy sample, although how many is
unknown. And several objects currently in the sample have exhibited strong
emission lines in one or more epochs, suggesting they should be reclassified as
FSRQs. However these selection effects cannot account for the observed
discrepancy in XBL and RBL properties. From these observational properties we
conclude that RBLs and XBLs cannot be related by viewing angle alone, and that
RBLs are more closely related to FSRQs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86689 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic Complexity in Cosmology and Quantum Gravity


  In this article we use the idea of algorithmic complexity (AC) to study
various cosmological scenarios, and as a means of quantizing the gravitational
interaction. We look at 5D and 7D cosmological models where the Universe begins
as a higher dimensional Planck size spacetime which fluctuates between
Euclidean and Lorentzian signatures. These fluctuations are governed by the AC
of the two different signatures. At some point a transition to a 4D Lorentzian
signature Universe occurs, with the extra dimensions becoming ``frozen'' or
non-dynamical. We also apply the idea of algorithmic complexity to study
composite wormholes, the entropy of blackholes, and the path integral for
quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4791 </DOCNO>
Symmetries in jump-diffusion models with applications in option pricing


  It is a well known fact that local scale invariance plays a fundamental role
in the theory of derivative pricing. Specific applications of this principle
have been used quite often under the name of `change of numeraire', but in
recent work it was shown that when invoked as a fundamental first principle, it
provides a powerful alternative method for the derivation of prices and hedges
of derivative securities, when prices of the underlying tradables are driven by
Wiener processes. In this article we extend this work to the pricing problem in
markets driven not only by Wiener processes but also by Poisson processes, i.e.
jump-diffusion models. It is shown that in this case too, the focus on symmetry
aspects of the problem leads to important simplifications of, and a deeper
insight into the problem. Among the applications of the theory we consider the
pricing of stock options in the presence of jumps, and Levy-processes. Next we
show how the same theory, by restricting the number of jumps, can be used to
model credit risk, leading to a `market model' of credit risk. Both the
traditional Duffie-Singleton and Jarrow-Turnbull models can be described within
this framework, but also more general models, which incorporate default
correlation in a consistent way. As an application of this theory we look at
the pricing of a credit default swap (CDS) and a first-to-default basket
option.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123717 </DOCNO>
A database of high and medium-resolution stellar spectra


  We present a database of 908 spectra of 709 stars obtained with the ELODIE
spectrograph at Observatoire de Haute-Provence. 52 orders of the echelle
spectra have been carefully fitted together to provide continuous,
high-resolution spectra in the wavelength range 410 nm - 680 nm. The archive
provides a large coverage of the space of atmospheric parameters : Teff from
3700 K to 13600 K, logg from 0.03 to 5.86 and [Fe/H] from -2.8 to +0.7. At the
nominal resolution, R=42000, the mean signal-to-noise ratio is 150 per pixel.
The spectra given at this resolution are normalized to their pseudo-continuum
and are intended to serve for abundance studies, spectral classification and
tests of stellar atmosphere models. A lower resolution version of the archive,
at R=10000, is calibrated in physical flux with a broad-band photometric
precision of 2.5% and narrow-band precision of 0.5%. It is scoped for stellar
population synthesis of galaxies and clusters, and for kinematical
investigations of stellar systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97870 </DOCNO>
The generalized Cayley map from an algebraic group to its Lie algebra


  Each infinitesimally faithful representation of a reductive complex connected
algebraic group $G$ induces a dominant morphism $\Phi$ from the group to its
Lie algebra $\g$ by orthogonal projection in the endomorphism ring of the
representation space. The map $\Phi$ identifies the field $Q(G)$ of rational
functions on $G$ with an algebraic extension of the field $Q(\g)$ of rational
functions on $\g$. For the spin representation of $\on{Spin}(V)$ the map $\Phi$
essentially coincides with the classical Cayley transform. In general,
properties of $\Phi$ are established and these properties are applied to deal
with a separation of variables (Richardson) problem for reductive algebraic
groups: Find ${Harm}(G)$ so that $A(G) = A(G)^G\otimes {Harm}(G)$. As a
consequence of a partial solution to this problem and a complete solution for
SL(n) one has in general the equality $[Q(G):Q(\g)] = [Q(G)^G:Q(\g)^G]$ of the
degrees of extension fields. Among other results, $\Phi$ yields (for the
complex case) a generalization, involving generic regular orbits, of the result
of Richardson showing that the Cayley map, when $G$ is semisimple, defines an
isomorphism from the variety of unipotent elements in $G$ to the variety of
nilpotent elements in $\g$. In addition if $G$ is semisimple the Cayley map
establishes a diffeomorphism between the real submanifold of hyperbolic
elements in $G$ and the space of infinitesimal hyperbolic elements in $\g$.
Some examples are computed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4926 </DOCNO>
Quantum spin chains and Majorana states in arrays of coupled qubits


  Several designs of inter-qubit coupling are considered. It is shown that by a
combination of Josephson and capacitive coupling one can realize qubit
interactions of variable spin content. Qubit arrays are discussed as models of
quantum spin chains. In particular, a qubit model of the 1D quantum Ising spin
chain is proposed. A realization of unpaired Majorana fermion states in this
system is considered. It is shown that Majorana states are represented by spin
flip excitations localized on the chain ends. Using unpaired Majorana states in
qubit chains for decoherence protected quantum computing is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95592 </DOCNO>
The Runge approximation theorem for generalized polynomial hulls


  It is known from the Runge approximation theorem that every function which is
holomorphic in a neighborhood of a compact polynomially convex set $K\subset
\complexes^{n}$ can be approximated uniformly on $K$ by analytic polynomials.
We shall here prove the same result when the role of the polynomially convex
hull $\hat {K}$ is played by the generalized polynomial hull $h_{q}(K)$
introduced by Basener and which can be defined, for each integer $q\in
{0,...,n-1}$, by $h_{q}(K)=\displaystyle\bigcup_{P\in \complexes
[z_{1},...,z_{n}]} A_{P}$ where $A_{P}=\{z\in \complexes^{n}: |P(z)|\leq
\delta_{K}(P,z)\}$, and where $\delta_{K}(P,z)$ denotes the lowest value of
$||P||_{K\cap f^{-1}(0)}$ when $f$ ranges in the set of holomorphic polynomial
maps $\complexes^{n}\to \complexes^{q}$ vanishing at $z$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5308 </DOCNO>
Spectral functions, Fermi surface and pseudogap in the t-J model


  Spectral functions within the generalized t-J model as relevant to cuprates
are analyzed using the method of equations of motion for projected fermion
operators. In the evaluation of the self energy the decoupling of spin and
single-particle fluctuations is performed. It is shown that in an undoped
antiferromagnet (AFM) the method reproduces the selfconsistent Born
approximation. For finite doping with short range AFM order the approximation
evolves into a paramagnon contribution which retains large incoherent
contribution in the hole part of the spectral function as well as the
hole-pocket-like Fermi surface at low doping. On the other hand, the
contribution of (longitudinal) spin fluctuations, with the coupling mostly
determined predominantly by J and next-neighbor hopping t', is essential for
the emergence of the pseudogap. The latter shows at low doping in the effective
truncation of the large Fermi surface, reduced electron density of states and
at the same time quasiparticle density of states at the Fermi level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95567 </DOCNO>
First problem of globalization in the theory of dynamical systems


  Formula for the force field of Newtonian dynamical systems admitting the
normal shift of hypersurfaces in Riemannian manifolds is considered. Problem of
globalization for geometric structures associated with this formula is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127870 </DOCNO>
Kinematics and dynamics of the "superthin" edge-on disk galaxy IC 5249


  We present spectroscopic observations of the stellar motions in the disk of
the superthin edge-on spiral galaxy IC 5249 and re-analyse synthesis
observations of the HI. We find that the HI rotation curve rises initially to
about 90-100 km/s, but contrary to the conclusion of Abe et al. (1999) flattens
well before the edge of the optical disk. Over most part of the optical disk we
have been able to establish that the (tangential) stellar velocity dispersion
is 25-30 km/s. From earlier surface photometry we adopt a value for the radial
scalelength of the disk of 7 +/- 1 kpc, a vertical scaleheight of 0.65 +/- 0.05
kpc and a disk truncation radius of 17 +/- 1 kpc. The very thin appearance of
IC 5249 on the sky is the result of a combination of a low (face-on) surface
brightness, a long scalelength and a a sharp truncation at only about 2.5
scalelengths. From various arguments we derive the stellar velocity dispersions
at a position one radial scalelength as sigma_R about 35 km/s, sigma_{theta}
about 30 km/s and sigma_z about 20 km/s. This is comparable to the values for
the disk of our Galaxy in the solar neighborhood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83818 </DOCNO>
Random Walks in Routing Landscapes


  In this paper we present a combinatorial optimisation view on the routing
problem for connectionless packet networks by using the metaphor of a
landscape. We examine the main properties of the routing landscapes as we
define them and how they can help us on the evaluation of the problem
difficulty and the generation of effective algorithms. We also present the
random walk statistical technique to evaluate the main properties of those
landscapes and a number of examples to demonstrate the use of the method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127794 </DOCNO>
Einstein's Biggest Blunder? High-Redshift Supernovae and the


  Nearly 4 years ago, two teams of observational astronomers reported that
high-redshift Type Ia supernovae are fainter than expected in a decelerating or
freely coasting universe. The radical conclusion that the universe has been
accelerating in the past few billion years, possibly because of a nonzero value
for Einstein's cosmological constant, has gripped the worlds of astronomy and
physics, causing a flurry of new research. Having participated on both teams
(but much more closely with one than the other), here I provide a personal,
historical account of the story.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75293 </DOCNO>
Lepton pair production in a charged quark gluon plasma


  We investigate the effects of a charge asymmetry on the spectrum of dileptons
radiating from a quark gluon plasma. We demonstrate the existence of a new set
of processes in this regime. The dilepton production rate from the
corresponding diagrams is shown to be as important as that obtained from the
Born-term quark-antiquark annihilation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148795 </DOCNO>
Massive T-duality in six dimensions


  A massive version of T-duality in six dimensions is given, that maps the K3
compactification of Romans' theory onto the K3 compactification of Type IIB
theory. This is done by performing a (standard) Kaluza-Klein reduction on
six-dimensional massive Type IIA and a Scherk-Schwarz reduction on Type IIB,
mapping both theories onto the same five-dimensional theory. We also comment
shortly on the difficulties arising if one intends to construct a massive
generalisation of the six-dimensional string-string duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96194 </DOCNO>
A Petri Theorem for Rank 2 Bundles with Canonical Determinant


  This paper has been withdrawn since V. Mercat found an example showing that
there is a gap in the proof of the main theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123948 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Implications of the Gamma-Ray Burst - Supernova Connection


  Although observations of circumstellar shock interactions around supernovae
are generally consistent with a 1/r**2 density profile wind surrounding the
progenitor star, this is not true for GRB (gamma-ray burst) afterglows.
However, GRB 991208 and GRB 000301C may be consistent with wind interaction if
the injection particle spectrum is a broken power law. Circumstellar dust echos
can place constraints on supernova and GRB progenitors, but have been clearly
observed only around SN 1987A. Excess emission observed in two GRB afterglows
is more likely to have a supernova origin. An interstellar dust echo, causing
the light curve to flatten out, is a possibility for GRB afterglows, but is not
likely to be observable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76438 </DOCNO>
QED correction to asymmetry for polarized ep-scattering from the method


  The electron structure function method is applied to calculate
model-independent radiative corrections to an asymmetry of electron-proton
scattering. The representations for both spin-independent and spin-dependent
parts of the cross-section are derived. Master formulae take into account the
leading corrections in all orders and the main contribution of the second order
next-to-leading ones and have accuracy at the level of one per mille. Numerical
calculations illustrate our analytical results for both elastic and deep
inelastic events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40728 </DOCNO>
Polarization and Spin Alignment in Multihadronic Z0 Decays


  The large statistics of millions of hadronic Z0 decays, accumulated by the
four LEP experiments between 1989 and 1995, allowed for detailed investigations
of the fragmentation process. Inclusive Lambda_b baryons and Lambda hyperons at
intermediate and high momentum have been found to show longitudinal
polarization. This may be related to the primary quark and antiquark
polarization and the hadronization mechanism which produces the leading
baryons. Helicity density-matrix elements have been measured for a variety of
vector mesons produced inclusively in hadronic Z0 decays. The diagonal elements
of some of the light mesons and the D*+- show a preference for a helicity-zero
state if the meson carries a large fraction of the available energy. The
mechanism which produces such spin alignment in the non-perturbative
hadronization of the primary partons to the vector mesons is so far
unexplained. For the B* the results are consistent with no spin alignment,
which is expected in a picture based on HQET. For some meson species
non-diagonal elements have been measured indicating coherence phenomena due to
final-state interaction between the primary quark and antiquark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72518 </DOCNO>
The charge and mass perturbative renormalization in explicitly covariant


  In several preceding studies, the explicitly covariant formulation of light
front dynamics was developed and applied to many observables. In the present
study we show how in this approach the renormalization procedure for the first
radiative correction can be carried out in a standard way, after separating out
the contributions depending on the orientation of the light-front plane. We
calculate the renormalized QED vertices $\gamma e^-\to e^-$ and $e^+e^-\to
\gamma $ and the electron self-energy and recover, in a straightforward way,
the well known analytical results obtained in the Feynman approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129436 </DOCNO>
Solar Convection and Magneto-Convection Simulations


  Magneto-convection simulations with two scenarios have been performed: In
one, horizontal magnetic field is advected into the computational domain by
fluid entering at the bottom. In the other, an initially uniform vertical
magnetic field is imposed on a snapshot of non-magnetic convection and allowed
to evolve. In both cases, the field is swept into the intergranular lanes and
the boundaries of the underlying mesogranules. The largest field concentrations
at the surface reach pressure balance with the surrounding gas. They suppress
both horizontal and vertical flows, which reduces the heat transport. They
cool, become evacuated and their optical depth unity surface is depressed by
several hundred kilometers. Micropores form, typically where a small granule
disappears and surrounding flux tubes squeeze into its previous location.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96924 </DOCNO>
Quicksort asymptotics


  The number of comparisons X_n used by Quicksort to sort an array of n
distinct numbers has mean mu_n of order n log n and standard deviation of order
n. Using different methods, Regnier and Roesler each showed that the normalized
variate Y_n := (X_n - mu_n) / n converges in distribution, say to Y; the
distribution of Y can be characterized as the unique fixed point with zero mean
of a certain distributional transformation.
  We provide the first rates of convergence for the distribution of Y_n to that
of Y, using various metrics. In particular, we establish the bound 2 n^{- 1 /
2} in the d_2-metric, and the rate O(n^{epsilon - (1 / 2)}) for
Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance, for any positive epsilon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5072 </DOCNO>
Core pinning by intragranular nanoprecipitates in polycrystalline


  The nanostructure and magnetic properties of polycrystalline MgCNi_3 were
studied by x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and vibrating sample
magnetometry. While the bulk flux-pinning force curve F_p(H) indicates the
expected grain-boundary pinning mechanism just below T_c = 7.2 K, a systematic
change to pinning by a nanometer-scale distribution of core pinning sites is
indicated by a shift of F_p(H) with decreasing temperature. The lack of scaling
of F_p(H) suggests the presence of 10 to 20% of nonsuperconducting regions
inside the grains, which are smaller than the diameter of fluxon cores 2xi at
high temperature and become effective with decreasing temperature when xi(T)
approaches the nanostructural scale. Transmission electron microscopy revealed
cubic and graphite nanoprecipitates with 2 to 5 nm size, consistent with the
above hypothesis since xi(0) = 6 nm. High critical current densities, more than
10^6 A/cm^2 at 1 T and 4.2 K, were obtained for grain colonies separated by
carbon. Dirty-limit behavior seen in previous studies may be tied to electron
scattering by the precipitates, indicating the possibility that strong core
pinning might be combined with a technologically useful upper critical field if
versions of MgCNi_3 with higher T_c can be found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96757 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Line Bundles, the Chern Character and Topological Charges over the


  Using the theory of quantized equivariant vector bundles over compact
coadjoint orbits we determine the Chern characters of all noncommutative line
bundles over the fuzzy sphere with regard to its derivation based differential
calculus. The associated Chern numbers (topological charges) arise to be
non-integer, in the commutative limit the well known integer Chern numbers of
the complex line bundles over the 2-sphere are recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126094 </DOCNO>
Halo Substructure and Disk Heating in a Lambda CDM Universe


  We examine recent suggestions that substructure in cold dark matter (CDM)
halos may be in conflict with the presence of thin, dynamically fragile stellar
disks. N-body simulations of an isolated disk/bulge/halo model of the Milky Way
that includes several hundred dark matter satellites with masses, densities and
orbits derived from high-resolution cosmological CDM simulations indicate that
substructure at $z=0$ plays only a minor dynamical role in the heating of the
disk over several Gyrs. This is because the orbits of satellites in present-day
CDM halos seldom take them near the disk, where their tidal effects are
greatest. Unless the effects of substructure are very different at earlier
times, our models suggest that substructure might not preclude virialized CDM
halos from being acceptable hosts of thin stellar disks like that of the Milky
Way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99202 </DOCNO>
Volume preserving embeddings of open subsets of $R^n$ into manifolds


  We consider a connected smooth $n$-dimensional manifold $M$ endowed with a
volume form $\Omega$, and we show that an open subset $U$ of $R^n$ of Lebesgue
measure $\Vol (U)$ embeds into $M$ by a smooth volume preserving embedding
whenever the volume condition $\Vol (U) \le \Vol (M,\Omega)$ is met.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7030 </DOCNO>
Location-Sensitive Measurement of the Local Fluctuation of Driven Vortex


  To investigate the dynamics of driven vortices in superconductors, noise in
the local vortex density was investigated in the mixed state of a high-$T_c$
superconductor, Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_y$, using a two-dimensional electron gas
(2DEG) micro-Hall probe array. We studied the cross-correlation function,
together with the auto-correlation function, both parallel and perpendicular to
the direction of flow of the vortices. The broadband noise (BBN) did not have
large spatial correlations. This suggests that the BBN is due to the
fluctuation of the local vortex density generated by bulk pinning centers under
the area of each probe. On the other hand, the narrow-band noise (NBN) (with
the the time scale of the transit time of vortices) had large translational
correlations. These definitely shows that the NBN was generated by
semimacroscopic imperfections like the surface, and macroscopic line defects
{\it etc.}. In relation to the dynamic phase diagram, large BBN was observed
when the vortices started moving. The dependence of the spatial correlations on
the direction of the array relative to the direction of the driving current
suggested that plastic flow was present when the large BBN was observed. The
gross features of our data agree well with some of the theoretically proposed
dynamical phase diagrams of vortices in superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96793 </DOCNO>
The monoid of families of quiver representations


  A monoid structure on families of representations of a quiver is introduced
by taking extensions of representations in families, i.e. subvarieties of the
varieties of representations. The study of this monoid leads to interesting
interactions between representation theory, algebraic geometry and quantum
group theory. For example, it produces a wealth of interesting examples of
families of quiver representations, which can be analyzed by representation
theoretic and geometric methods. Conversely, results from representation
theory, in particular A. Schofield's work on general properties of quiver
representations, allow us to relate the monoid to certain degenerate forms of
quantized enveloping algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125204 </DOCNO>
The QSO - Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies Connection


  For the past several years, our group has pursued a vigorous ground-based
program aimed at understanding the nature of ultraluminous infrared galaxies.
We recently published the results from a optical/near-infrared spectroscopic
survey of a large statistically complete sample of ultraluminous infrared
galaxies (the "IRAS 1-Jy sample"). We now present the results from our recently
completed optical/near-infrared imaging survey of the 1-Jy sample. These data
provide detailed morphological information on both large scale (e.g., intensity
and color profiles, intensity and size of tidal tails and bridges, etc) and
small scale (e.g., nuclear separation, presence of bars, etc) that helps us
constrain the initial conditions necessary to produce galaxies with such high
level of star formation and/or AGN activity. The nature of the interdependence
between some key spectroscopic and morphological parameters in our objects
(e.g., dominant energy source: super-starburst versus quasar, nuclear
separation, merger phase, star formation rate, and infrared luminosity and
color) is used to clarify the connection between starbursts, ultraluminous
infrared galaxies, and quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72974 </DOCNO>
Revisiting the calculations of inflationary perturbations


  We present a new approximation scheme that allows us to increase the accuracy
of analytical predictions of the power spectra of inflationary perturbations
for two specific classes of inflationary models. Among these models are chaotic
inflation with a monomial potential, power-law inflation and natural inflation
(inflation at a maximum). After reviewing the established first order results
we calculate the amplitudes and spectral indices for these classes of models at
higher orders in the slow-roll parameters for scalar and tensorial
perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126295 </DOCNO>
Keck adaptive optics observations of TW Hydrae Association members


  Adaptive optics (AO) on 8-10 m telescopes is an enormously powerful tool for
studying young nearby stars. It is especially useful for searching for
companions. Using AO on the 10-m W.M. Keck II telescope we have measured the
position of the brown dwarf companion to TWA5 and resolved the primary into an
0.055 arcsecond double. Over the next several years follow-up astrometry should
permit an accurate determination of the masses of these young stars. We have
also re-observed the candidate extrasolar planet TWA6B, but measurements of its
motion relative to TWA6A are inconclusive. We are carrying out a search for new
planetary or brown dwarf companions to TWA stars and, if current giant planet
models are correct, are currently capable of detecting a 1 Jupiter-mass
companion at ~1 arcsecond and a 5 Jupiter-mass companion at ~0.5 arcsecon
around a typical TWA member.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148612 </DOCNO>
Exact solitons on noncommutative tori


  We construct exact solitons on noncommutative tori for the type of actions
arising from open string field theory. Given any projector that describes an
extremum of the tachyon potential, we interpret the remaining gauge degrees of
freedom as a gauge theory on the projective module determined by the tachyon.
Whenever this module admits a constant curvature connection, it solves exactly
the equations of motion of the effective string field theory. We describe in
detail such a construction on the noncommutative tori. Whereas our exact
solution relies on the coupling to a gauge theory, we comment on the
construction of approximate solutions in the absence of gauge fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7450 </DOCNO>
Separation quality of a geometric ratchet


  We consider an experimentally relevant model of a geometric ratchet in which
particles undergo drift and diffusive motion in a two-dimensional periodic
array of obstacles, and which is used for the continuous separation of
particles subject to different forces. The macroscopic drift velocity and
diffusion tensor are calculated by a Monte-Carlo simulation and by a
master-equation approach, using the correponding microscopic quantities and the
shape of the obstacles as input. We define a measure of separation quality and
investigate its dependence on the applied force and the shape of the obstacles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4481 </DOCNO>
Heat Capacity of the Pressure-induced Superconductivity in Itinerant


  Recently co-existence of the ferromagnetism and superconductivity was
reported in the high-pressure region (1.0-1.6 GPa) in UGe$_2$. We performed the
heat capacity measurement on UGe$_2$ under high pressure. At 1.13 GPa, we found
a peak corresponding to the superconducting transition. The superconducting
temperature $T_{SC}$ and ${\it\Delta} C/(\gamma T_{SC})$ are 0.6 K and 0.25,
respectively. The superconducting transition was also confirmed by the
appearance of the Meissner effect in the {\it ac} susceptibility. From these
results, we confirm a bulk nature of the superconductivity in UGe$_2$. The
value of $C/T$ ($\sim$ 95 mJ/moleK$^2$) just above $T_{SC}$ at 1.15 GPa is as
much as 3 times larger than that at ambient pressure, which indicates a large
mass enhancement of quasiparticles under high pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148928 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein Branes


  We examine Kaluza-Klein branes in detail. Specifically, we show that
codimension four submanifolds that are stationary under a semi-free circle
action may be interpreted as branes or antibranes in the Kaluza-Klein reduced
space that are magnetically charged under the Kaluza-Klein field strength. We
derive the equation in cohomology that is satisfied by such a brane using an
explicit construction of the Thom class of the normal bundle of the brane
worldvolume in the reduced space. This may be applied to both the D6-brane of
Type IIA String Theory, and also to various recent constructions of magnetic
branes immersed in fluxbrane backgrounds. We then go on to study the special
case of monopole-antimonopole production in a five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein
theory, illustrating our arguments with various concrete examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125303 </DOCNO>
Long-lived lop-sided modes of annular disks orbiting a central mass


  We demonstrate the existence of long-lived, large-amplitude eccentric modes
in massive, annular particle disks in orbit about a central mass. The lopsided
modes we have found precess slowly in the prograde direction at a rate which
increases with disk mass and decreases with the amplitude of the distortion.
The lopsidedness generally survives for as long as we run the calculations and
may last indefinitely; we found no significant decay in over 700 disk-particle
orbits in one case. These strongly non-linear modes are readily created using a
number of different perturbing rules, but we find no evidence for linear
instabilities in unperturbed disks. Our results suggest that Tremaine's
eccentric disk model for the nucleus of M31 may be viable, but none of our
models matches all aspects of the observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5569 </DOCNO>
Three dimensional hydrodynamic lattice-gas simulations of domain growth


  We simulate the dynamics of phase assembly in binary immiscible fluids and
ternary microemulsions using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic lattice gas
approach. For critical spinodal decomposition we perform the scaling analysis
in reduced variables introduced by Jury et al. and Kendon et al. We find a
late-stage scaling exponent consistent with the inertial regime. However, as
observed with the previous lattice-gas model of Appert et al. our data does not
fall in the same range of reduced length and time as that of Kendon et al. For
off-critical binary spinodal decomposition we observe a reduction of the
effective exponent with the volume fraction of the minority phase. However, the
n=1/3 Lifshitz-Slyzov-Wagner droplet coalescence exponent is not observed.
Adding a sufficient number of surfactant particles to a critical quench of
binary immiscible fluids produces a ternary bicontinuous microemulsion. We
observe a change in scaling behaviour from algebraic to logarithmic growth for
amphiphilic fluids in which the domain growth is not arrested. For formation of
a microemulsion where the domain growth is halted we find a stretched
exponential growth law provides the best fit to the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7350 </DOCNO>
Reply to the Comment by A. Hanke and R. Metzler on "Why is the DNA


  It is shown that the scaling analysis presented in Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4988
(2000) (cond-mat/0007141) is valid for finite chains of lengths relevant to
experiments, in contrast to a recent claim made by A. Hanke and R. Metzler in
cond-mat/0108323.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74550 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations in Caianiello's Quantum Geometry Model


  Neutrino flavor oscillations are analyzed in the framework of Quantum
Geometry model proposed by Caianiello. In particular, we analyze the
consequences of the model for accelerated neutrino particles which experience
an effective Schwarzschild geometry modified by the existence of an upper limit
on the acceleration, which implies a violation of the equivalence principle. We
find a shift of quantum mechanical phase of neutrino oscillations, which
depends on the energy of neutrinos as E^3. Implications on atmospheric and
solar neutrinos are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3687 </DOCNO>
Flux Dependence of Persistent Current in a Mesoscopic Disordered Tight


  We reconsider the study of persistent currents in a disordered
one-dimensional ring threaded by a magnetic flux, using he one-band
tight-binding model for a ring of N-sites with random site energies. The
secular equation for the eigenenergies expressed in terms of transfer matrices
in the site representation is solved exactly to second order in a perturbation
theory for weak disorder and fluxes differing from half-integer multiples of
the elementary flux quantum. From the equilibrium currents associated with the
one-electron eigenstates we derive closed analytic expressions for the disorder
averaged persistent current for even and odd numbers, Ne, of electrons in the
ground state. Explicit discussion for the half-filled band case confirms that
the persistent current is flux periodic as in the absence of disorder, and that
its amplitude is generally suppressed by the effect of the disorder. In
comparison to previous results, based on an approximate analysis of the secular
equation, the current suppression by disorder is strongly enhanced by a new
flux-dependent factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123637 </DOCNO>
The broad band X-ray/hard X-ray spectra of accreting neutron stars


  I review the energy spectra of low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) containing
weakly magnetized accreting neutron stars (NS), emphasizing the most recent
broad band (0.1-200 keV) spectral and timing observations performed by
Beppo-SAX and RXTE. Drawing on the similarities between black hole candidate
(BHC) and NS accretion, I discuss the accretion geometry and emission processes
of NS LMXBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5674 </DOCNO>
Reducing Constraints on Quantum Computer Design by Encoded Selective


  The requirement of performing both single-qubit and two-qubit operations in
the implementation of universal quantum logic often leads to very demanding
constraints on quantum computer design. We show here how to eliminate the need
for single-qubit operations in a large subset of quantum computer proposals:
those governed by isotropic and XXZ,XY-type anisotropic exchange interactions.
Our method employs an encoding of one logical qubit into two physical qubits,
while logic operations are performed using an analogue of the NMR selective
recoupling method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149980 </DOCNO>
CFTs on Non-Critical Braneworlds


  We examine the cosmological evolution equations of de Sitter, flat and
anti-de Sitter braneworlds sandwiched in between two n dimensional
AdS-Schwarzschild spacetimes. We are careful to use the correct form for the
induced Newton's constant on the brane, and show that it would be naive to
assume the energy of the bulk spacetime is just given by the sum of the black
hole masses. By carefully calculating the energy of the bulk for large mass we
show that the induced geometry of the braneworld is just a radiation dominated
FRW universe with the radiation coming from a CFT that is dual to the AdS bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125613 </DOCNO>
Research Note: Rotation and the wind momentum-luminosity relation for


  The effects of axial stellar rotation on the wind-momentum relation (WLR)
for determining the extragalactic distances are investigated. Despite the fact
that the mass loss rates grow quite a lot with rotation, remarkably the effects
on the WLR are found to be very small on the average. As an example, for an
average orientation angle between the rotation axis and the line of sight, the
luminosity would be overestimated by 5.9 % for a star rotating at 90% of its
break-up rotational velocity. Different orientation angles between the
rotation axis and the line of sight produce some limited scatter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97233 </DOCNO>
Phantom elements and its Applications


  In our previous work, a relation between Tsukiyama problem about self
homotopy equivalence was found by using a generalization of phantom map. In
this note, fundamental result is established for such a generalization. This is
the first time one can deal with phantom maps to space not satisfying finite
type condition. Application to Forgetful map is also discussed briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3542 </DOCNO>
Creation of a monopole in a spinor condensate


  We propose a method to create a monopole structure in a spin-1 spinor
condensate by applying the basic methods used to create vortices and solitons
experimentally in single-component condensates. We show, however, that by using
a two-component structure for a monopole, we can simplify our proposed
experimental approach and apply it also to ferromagnetic spinor condensates. We
also discuss the observation and dynamics of such a monopole structure, and
note that the dynamics of the two-component monopole differs from the dynamics
of the three-component monopole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7593 </DOCNO>
Decoupled CuO_2 and RuO_2 layers in superconducting and magnetically


  Comprehensive measurements of dc and ac susceptibility, dc resistance,
magnetoresistance, Hall resistivity, and microwave absorption and dispersion in
fields up to 8 T have been carried out on RuSr_2GdCu_2O_8 with the aim to
establish the properties of RuO_2 and CuO_2 planes. At ~130 K, where the
magnetic order develops in the RuO_2 planes, one observes a change in the slope
of dc resistance, change in the sign of magnetoresistance, and the appearance
of an extraordinary Hall effect. These features indicate that the RuO_2 planes
are conducting. A detailed analysis of the ac susceptibility and microwave data
on both, ceramic and powder samples show that the penetration depth remains
frequency dependent and larger than the London penetration depth even at low
temperatures. We conclude that the conductivity in the RuO_2 planes remains
normal even when superconducting order is developed in the CuO_2 planes below
\~45 K. Thus, experimental evidence is provided in support of theoretical
models which base the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic order on
decoupled CuO_2 and RuO_2 planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4670 </DOCNO>
A Random Matrix Approach to Cross-Correlations in Financial Data


  We analyze cross-correlations between price fluctuations of different stocks
using methods of random matrix theory (RMT). Using two large databases, we
calculate cross-correlation matrices C of returns constructed from (i) 30-min
returns of 1000 US stocks for the 2-yr period 1994--95 (ii) 30-min returns of
881 US stocks for the 2-yr period 1996--97, and (iii) 1-day returns of 422 US
stocks for the 35-yr period 1962--96. We test the statistics of the eigenvalues
$\lambda_i$ of C against a ``null hypothesis'' --- a random correlation matrix
constructed from mutually uncorrelated time series. We find that a majority of
the eigenvalues of C fall within the RMT bounds $[\lambda_-, \lambda_+]$ for
the eigenvalues of random correlation matrices. We test the eigenvalues of C
within the RMT bound for universal properties of random matrices and find good
agreement with the results for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random
matrices --- implying a large degree of randomness in the measured
cross-correlation coefficients. Further, we find that the distribution of
eigenvector components for the eigenvectors corresponding to the eigenvalues
outside the RMT bound display systematic deviations from the RMT prediction. In
addition, we find that these ``deviating eigenvectors'' are stable in time. We
analyze the components of the deviating eigenvectors and find that the largest
eigenvalue corresponds to an influence common to all stocks. Our analysis of
the remaining deviating eigenvectors shows distinct groups, whose identities
correspond to conventionally-identified business sectors. Finally, we discuss
applications to the construction of portfolios of stocks that have a stable
ratio of risk to return.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149885 </DOCNO>
Comments on D-branes on general group manifolds


  We investigate D-branes with maximal symmetry on general group manifolds in
terms of boundary states and effective actions. We show that in large $k$ limit
boundary states with an suitable Wilson line form boundary states of the other
types of D-branes, extending the known fact in SU(2) case. We also show that
fluctuation mass spectrum around D-brane solutions of the effective action
agrees with that of boundary CFT in large $k$ limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149297 </DOCNO>
A note on the M5 brane anomaly


  The problem of the M5 brane anomaly cancellation is addressed. We reformulate
FHMM construction making explicit the relation with the M5 brane SUGRA
solution. We suggest another solution to the magnetic coupling equation which
doesn't need anomalous SO(5) variation of the 3-form potential and coincides
with the SUGRA solution outside smoothed out core of the magnetic source.
Chern-Simons term evaluated on this solution generates the same anomaly inflow
as achieved by FHMM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7603 </DOCNO>
Operating a phase-locked loop controlling a high-Q tuning fork sensor


  The implementation of a tuning fork sensor in a scanning force microscope
operational at 300 mK is described and the harmonic oscillator model of the
sensor is motivated. These sensors exhibit very high quality factors at low
temperatures. The nested feedback comprising the sensor, a phase locked loop
and a conventional $z$-feedback is analyzed in terms of linear control theory
and the dominant noise source of the system is identified. It is shown that the
nested feedback has a low pass response and that the optimum feedback
parameters for the phase-locked loop and the $z$-feedback can be determined
from the knowledge of the tuning fork resonance alone regardless of the tip
shape. The advantages of this system compared to pure phase control are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113737 </DOCNO>
Resonator-Enhanced Optical Dipole Trap for Fermionic Lithium Atoms


  We demonstrate a novel optical dipole trap which is based on the enhancement
of the optical power density of a Nd:YAG laser beam in a resonator. The trap is
particularly suited for experiments with ultracold gases, as it combines a
potential depth of order 1 mK with storage times of several tens of seconds. We
study the interactions in a gas of fermionic lithium atoms in our trap and
observe the influence of spin-changing collisions and off-resonant photon
scattering. A key element in reaching long storage times is an ultra-low noise
laser. The dependence of the storage time on laser noise is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96258 </DOCNO>
Coideal Subalgebras and Quantum Symmetric Pairs


  Coideal subalgebras of the quantized enveloping algebra are surveyed, with
selected proofs included. The first half of the paper studies generators,
Harish-Chandra modules, and associated quantum homogeneous spaces. The second
half discusses various well known quantum coideal subalgebras and the
implications of the abstract theory on these examples. The focus is on the
locally finite part of the quantized enveloping algebra, analogs of enveloping
algebras of nilpotent Lie subalgebras, and coideals used to form quantum
symmetric pairs. The last family of examples is explored in detail. Connections
are made to the construction of quantum symmetric spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168502 </DOCNO>
Boole-Bell-type inequalities in Mathematica


  Classical Pitowsky correlation polytopes are reviewed with particular
emphasis on the Minkowski-Weyl representation theorem. The inequalities
representing the faces of polytopes are Boole's ``conditions of possible
experience.'' Many of these inequalities have been discussed in the context of
Bell's inequalities. We introduce CddIF, a Mathematica package created as an
interface between Mathematica and the cdd program by Komei Fukuda, which
represents a highly efficient method to solve the hull problem for general
classical correlation polytopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125702 </DOCNO>
Spherical Planetary Nebulae


  By examining their mass loss history and their distribution in the galaxy I
argue that spherical planetary nebulae (PNe) form a special group among all
planetary nebulae. The smooth surface brightness of most spherical PNe suggests
that their progenitors did not go through a final intensive wind (FIW, also
termed superwind) phase. While 70 per cent of the PNe of all other PNe groups
are closer to the galactic center than the sun is, only 30 per cent of
spherical PNe are. These, plus the well known high scale height above the
galactic plane of spherical PNe, suggest that the progenitors of spherical PNe
are low mass stars having low metallicity. Although many stars have these
properties, only about 10 per cent of all PNe are spherical. By comparing the
galactic distribution of spherical PNe to the metallicity evolution in the
galaxy, I find that the critical metallicity above which no spherical PNe are
formed is [Fe/H] ~ -0.4. I explain this as well as other properties of
spherical PNe in the context of the companion model for shaping PNe, arguing
that spherical PNe are formed from stars which had no close companion, stellar
or substellar, orbiting them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97926 </DOCNO>
Local models and integrability of certain almost Kahler 4-manifolds


  We classify, up to a local isometry, all non-Kahler almost Kahler 4-manifolds
for which the fundamental 2-form is an eigenform of the Weyl tensor, and whose
Ricci tensor is invariant with respect to the almost complex structure.
Equivalently, such almost Kahler 4-manifolds satisfy the third curvature
condition of A. Gray. We use our local classification to show that, in the
compact case, the third curvature condition of Gray is equivalent to the
integrability of the corresponding almost complex structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41671 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Dark Matter Detection at Post-LEP Benchmark Points


  We review the prospects for discovering supersymmetric dark matter in a
recently proposed set of post-LEP supersymmetric benchmark scenarios. We
consider direct detection through spin-independent nuclear scattering, as well
as indirect detection through relic annihilations to neutrinos, photons, and
positrons. We find that several of the benchmark scenarios offer good prospects
for direct detection through spin-independent nuclear scattering, as well as
indirect detection through muons produced by neutrinos from relic annihilations
in the Sun, and photons from annihilations in the galactic center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97740 </DOCNO>
Lectures on affine Hecke algebras with unequal parameters


  These are notes for lectures given at MIT in 1999 (Fall). They contain a
discussion of affine Hecke algebras with possibly unequal parameters including
a theory of cells and a partly conjectural theory of J-rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74822 </DOCNO>
Neutrino production in matter with time-dependent density or velocity


  We show that neutrinos can be produced through standard electroweak
interactions in matter with time-dependent density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128527 </DOCNO>
Waves and instabilities in an anisotropic universe


  The excitation of low frequency plasma waves in an expanding anisotropic
cosmological model which contains a magnetic field frozen into the matter and
pointing in the longitudinal direction is discussed. Using the exact equations
governing finite-amplitude wave propagation in hydromagnetic media within the
framework of general theory of relativity, we show that a spectrum of
magnetized sound waves will be excited and form large scale ``\textit{damped
oscillations}'' on the expanding universe. The characteristic frequency of the
excited waves is slightly shifted away from the sound frequency and the shift
depends on the strength of the primordial magnetic field. This magnetic field
dependent shift may have an effect on the acoustic peaks of the CMB

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86308 </DOCNO>
Symmetries and geodesics in (anti-)de Sitter spacetimes with


  We consider a class of exact solutions which represent nonexpanding impulsive
waves in backgrounds with nonzero cosmological constant. Using a convenient
5-dimensional formalism it is shown that these spacetimes admit at least three
global Killing vector fields. The same geometrical approach enables us to find
all geodesics in a simple explicit form and describe the effect of impulsive
waves on test particles. Timelike geodesics in the axially-symmetric
Hotta-Tanaka spacetime are studied in detail. It is also demonstrated that for
vanishing cosmological constant, the symmetries and geodesics reduce to those
for well-known impulsive pp-waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96398 </DOCNO>
On Eigenvalues Problem for Self-adjoint Operators with Singular


  We investigate the eigengenvalues problem for self-adjoint operators with the
singular perturbations. The general results presented here includes weakly as
well as strongly singular cases. We illustrate these results on two models
which correspond to so-called additive strongly singular perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98298 </DOCNO>
New solutions of relativistic wave equations in magnetic fields and


  We demonstrate how one can describe explicitly the present arbitrariness in
solutions of relativistic wave equations in external electromagnetic fields of
special form. This arbitrariness is connected to the existence of a
transformation, which reduces effectively the number of variables in the
initial equations. Then we use the corresponding representations to construct
new sets of exact solutions, which may have a physical interest. Namely, we
present new sets of stationary and nonstationary solutions in magnetic field
and in some superpositions of electric and magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75118 </DOCNO>
Model with Gauge Coupling Unification on $S^1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$


  We suggest a simple grand unified theory where the fifth dimensional
coordinate is compactified on an $S^1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$ orbifold. This model
contains additional ${\bf 10 + \overline{10}}$, (${\bf 15 + \overline{15}}$)
and two ${\bf 24}$ Higgs multiplets in the non-supersymmetric SU(5) grand
unified theory. Although this model is non-supersymmetric theory, the gauge
coupling unification is realized due to the mass splittings of Higgs multiplets
by $S^1/(Z_2 \times Z_2')$ orbifolding. The constraints from the $b \to s
\gamma$, $\mu \to e \gamma$, and electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments
are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149454 </DOCNO>
Classification of Type A N-fold supersymmetry


  Type A N-fold supersymmetry of one-dimensional quantum mechanics can be
constructed by using sl(2) generators represented on a finite dimensional
functional space. Using this sl(2) formalism we show a general method of
constructing Type A N-fold supersymmetric models. We also present systematic
generation of known models and several new models using this method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95888 </DOCNO>
Operads and Algebraic Homotopy II. Suspensions


  This paper extends the results of "Operads and Algebraic Homotopy" in giving
algebraic invariants for the stable homotopy type of a pointed simply-connected
simplicial set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86120 </DOCNO>
Non-Turing computations via Malament-Hogarth space-times


  We investigate the Church-Kalm\'ar-Kreisel-Turing Theses concerning
theoretical (necessary) limitations of future computers and of deductive
sciences, in view of recent results of classical general relativity theory.
  We argue that (i) there are several distinguished Church-Turing-type Theses
(not only one) and (ii) validity of some of these theses depend on the
background physical theory we choose to use. In particular, if we choose
classical general relativity theory as our background theory, then the above
mentioned limitations (predicted by these Theses) become no more necessary,
hence certain forms of the Church-Turing Thesis cease to be valid (in general
relativity). (For other choices of the background theory the answer might be
different.)
  We also look at various ``obstacles'' to computing a non-recursive function
(by relying on relativistic phenomena) published in the literature and show
that they can be avoided (by improving the ``design'' of our future computer).
We also ask ourselves, how all this reflects on the arithmetical hierarchy and
the analytical hierarchy of uncomputable functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2878 </DOCNO>
Quantum computer inverting time arrow for macroscopic systems


  A legend tells that once Loschmidt asked Boltzmann on what happens to his
statistical theory if one inverts the velocities of all particles, so that, due
to the reversibility of Newton's equations, they return from the equilibrium to
a nonequilibrium initial state. Boltzmann only replied ``then go and invert
them''. This problem of the relationship between the microscopic and
macroscopic descriptions of the physical world and time-reversibility has been
hotly debated from the XIXth century up to nowadays. At present, no modern
computer is able to perform Boltzmann's demand for a macroscopic number of
particles. In addition, dynamical chaos implies exponential growth of any
imprecision in the inversion that leads to practical irreversibility. Here we
show that a quantum computer composed of a few tens of qubits, and operating
even with moderate precision, can perform Boltzmann's demand for a macroscopic
number of classical particles. Thus, even in the regime of dynamical chaos, a
realistic quantum computer allows to rebuild a specific initial distribution
from a macroscopic state given by thermodynamic laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87138 </DOCNO>
Quintessence with Coupled Scalar Fields


  We discuss the dynamics of a quintessence model involving two coupled scalar
fields. The model presents two types of solutions, namely solutions that
correspond to eternal and transient acceleration of the universe. In both
cases, we obtain values for the cosmological parameters that satisfy current
observational bounds as well as the nucleosynthesis constraint on the
quintessence energy density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125987 </DOCNO>
On the nature of X-ray absorption in Seyfert 2 galaxies


  We have studied the correlation among X-ray absorption, optical reddening and
nuclear dust morphology in Seyfert 2 galaxies. Two main conclusions emerge: a)
the Balmer decrement and the amount of X-ray absorption are anticorrelated on a
wide range of column density: 10^{21} < N_H < 10^{24} atoms/cm/cm. The
correlation does no longer apply to Compton-thick objects (N_H < 10^{24}
atoms/cm/cm), although they span a comparable range in Balmer decrement; b)
Compton-thin Seyfert 2s seem to prefer nuclear environments, which are rich of
dust on scales of the hundreds parsecs. On the other hand, Compton-thick
Seyferts exhibit indifferently ``dust-poor'' and ``dust-rich'' environments.
These results support an extension of the Seyfert unification scenario (as
recently proposed by Matt, 2000), where Compton-thick Seyfert 2s are observed
through compact ``torii'', whereas Compton-thin ones are obscured by dust on
much larger scales

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179651 </DOCNO>
Ground state angular momenta of random nuclei


  We investigate the phenomenom of emerging regular spectral features from
random interactions. In particular, we address the dominance of L=0 ground
states in the context of the vibron model and the interacting boson model. A
mean-field analysis links different regions of the parameter space with
definite geometric shapes. The results that are, partly, obtained in closed
analytic form, provide a clear and transparent interpretation of the
distribution of ground state angular momenta as observed before in numerical
studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75875 </DOCNO>
An isobar model for eta photo- and electroproduction on the nucleon


  Eta photo- and electroproduction on the nucleon is studied using an isobar
model. The model contains Born terms, and contributions from vector meson
exchanges and nucleon resonances. Our results are compared with recent eta
photoproduction data for differential and total cross sections, beam asymmetry,
and target asymmetry, as well as electroproduction data. Besides the dominant
S11(1535) resonance, we show that the second S11 resonance, S11(1650), is also
necessary to be included in order to extract S11(1535) resonance parameters
properly. In addition, the beam asymmetry data allow us to extract very small
(<0.1%) N* --> eta N decay branching ratios of the D13(1520) and F15(1680)
resonances because of the overwhelming s-wave dominance. This model (ETA-MAID)
is implemented as a part of the MAID program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98653 </DOCNO>
The structure set of an arbitrary space, the algebraic surgery exact


  An introduction to the applications of algebraic surgery to the structure
theory of high-dimensional topological manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148677 </DOCNO>
A short representation of the six-dimensional (2, 0) algebra


  We construct a BPS-saturated representation of the six-dimensional (2, 0)
algebra with a certain non-zero value of the `central' charge. This
representation is naturally carried by strings with internal degrees of freedom
rather than by point particles. Upon compactification on a circle, it reduces
to a massive vector multiplet in five dimensions. We also construct quantum
fields out of the creation and annihilation operators of the states of this
representation, and show how they give rise to a conserved two-form current
that can be coupled to a tensor multiplet. We hope that these results may be
relevant for understanding the degrees of freedom associated with strings in
interacting (2, 0) theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75810 </DOCNO>
First Order Radiative Corrections to Polarized Muon Decay Spectrum


  The first order QED corrections to the polarized muon decay spectrum are
considered. The exact dependence on electron and muon masses is kept. Numerical
results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75892 </DOCNO>
Spin Correlations in Monte Carlo Simulations


  We show that the algorithm originally proposed by Collins and Knowles for
spin correlations in the QCD parton shower can be used in order to include spin
correlations between the production and decay of heavy particles in Monte Carlo
event generators. This allows correlations to be included while maintaining the
step-by-step approach of the Monte Carlo event generation process.
  We present examples of this approach for both the Standard and Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Models. A merger of this algorithm and that used in the
parton shower is discussed in order to include all correlations in the
perturbative phase of event generation. Finally we present all the results
needed to implement this algorithm for the Standard and Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41167 </DOCNO>
Jets and Event Shape Studies in ep-collisions at HERA


  The results of complementary tests of perturbative QCD in DIS at large
centre-of-mass energies at HERA are presented. The analysis of event shape
variables allows for the investigation of approaches to understand aspects of
non-perturbative QCD such as the formation of the hadronic final state. The
strong coupling constant, $\alpha_s$, is extracted from both inclusive jet
cross sections and dijet rates and is found to be competitive with the world
average.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76170 </DOCNO>
Property of Chiral Scalar and Axial-Vector Mesons in Heavy-Light Quark


  Recently we have proposed a new level-classification scheme of hadrons with a
manifestly covariant framework. In this scheme the requirement of chiral
symmetry on the light quark leads to a prediction of existence of new type of
scalars X_B, X_D and axial-vectors X_B^*,X_D^* as the chiral partners of ground
state pseudoscalar B,D and vector B^*,D^* mesons, respectively. They belong to
``relativistic S-wave states,'' and are discriminated from the conventional
P-wave mesons with j_q=1/2 appearing in the heavy quark effective theory. In
this talk we examine the properties of these chiral mesons: The mass-splittings
between the respective chiral partners are predicted to be equal, and the decay
widths of one pion emission of X_B, X_D, X_B^* and X_D^* are to take the same
value due to both chiral and heavy quark symmetries. Some experimental
indications for existence of X_B and X_D^* are also given, which are consistent
with the above prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98933 </DOCNO>
The Natural Chain of Binary Arithmetic Operations and Generalized


  This paper presents a graded hierarchy or chain of binary operations on the
reals and the complex numbers. The operations are related distributively in the
sense that any one of them distributes over the next lower operation in the
chain. For one particular operation we explore specific properties and derive
results, including several useful formulas and identities. Next, the operation
is extended to the complex numbers and a new kind of derivative is defined
based on this binary operation. Some basic formulae analogous to standard
classical ones are proven for this new derivative. Finally, the derivative is
generalized to the point that the new derivative, the classical one, and
countably many others are seen to be special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85926 </DOCNO>
Scattering problem of scalar wave in wormhole geometry


  In this paper, we study the scattering problem of the scalar wave in the
traversable Lorentzian wormhole geometry. The potentials and Schr\"odinger-like
equations are found in cases of the static uncharged and the charged wormholes.
The differential scattering cross sections are determined by the phase shift of
the asymptotic wave function in low frequency limit. It is also found that the
cross section for charged wormhole is smaller than that for uncharged case by
the reduction of the throat size due to the charge effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98403 </DOCNO>
Some properties of the theory of n-categories


  Let $L_n$ denote the Dwyer-Kan localization of the category of weak
n-categories divided by the n-equivalences. We propose a list of properties
that this simplicial category is likely to have, and conjecture that these
properties characterize $L_n$ up to equivalence. We show, using these
properties, how to obtain the morphism $n-1$-categories between two points in
an object of $L_n$ and how to obtain the composition map between the morphism
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1027 </DOCNO>
Effect of angular momentum on equilibrium properties of a


  The microcanonical properties of a two dimensional system of N classical
particles interacting via a smoothed Newtonian potential as a function of the
total energy E and the total angular momentum L are discussed. In order to
estimate suitable observables a numerical method based on an importance
sampling algorithm is presented. The entropy surface shows a negative specific
heat region at fixed L for all L. Observables probing the average mass
distribution are used to understand the link between thermostatistical
properties and the spatial distribution of particles. In order to define a
phase in non-extensive system we introduce a more general observable than the
one proposed by Gross and Votyakov [Eur. Phys. J. B:15, 115 (2000)]: the sign
of the largest eigenvalue of the entropy surface curvature. At large E the
gravitational system is in a homogeneous gas phase. At low E there are several
collapse phases; at L=0 there is a single cluster phase and for L>0 there are
several phases with 2 clusters. All these pure phases are separated by first
order phase transition regions. The signal of critical behaviour emerges at
different points of the parameter space (E,L). We also discuss the ensemble
introduced in a recent pre-print by Klinko & Miller; this ensemble is the
canonical analogue of the one at constant energy and constant angular momentum.
We show that a huge loss of informations appears if we treat the system as a
function of intensive parameters: besides the known non-equivalence at first
order phase transitions, there exit in the microcanonical ensemble some values
of the temperature and the angular velocity for which the corresponding
canonical ensemble does not exist, i.e. the partition sum diverges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6055 </DOCNO>
Microcanonical solution of lattice models with long range interactions


  We present a general method to obtain the microcanonical solution of lattice
models with long range interactions. As an example, we apply it to the long
range Ising chain, focusing on the role of boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74073 </DOCNO>
Observability of MSSM Higgs bosons decaying to sparticles at the LHC


  The possibility is discussed to observe the sparticle decay modes of the
heavy MSSM Higgs bosons at the Large Hadron Collider. We focus on the heavy
neutral Higgses, and argue that their decay into neutralinos may access an
interesting region in the MSSM parameter space up to masses around 450 GeV for
low and intermediate values of tan beta. If neutralinos and sleptons are light
enough, this channel - leading to a four lepton final state topology - can
complement the reach of the SM channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150047 </DOCNO>
Fermions in a Multi-Soliton Background in 1+1 Dimensions


  We consider the fermionic bound states associated with a soliton-antisoliton
pair in 1+1 dimensions which have zero energy when the solitons are infinitely
far apart. We calculate the energies of these states when the solitons are
separated by a finite distance. The energies decay exponentially with the
distance between the soliton and antisoliton. When the fermion mass is much
larger than the boson mass, the energy simplifies substantially. These energies
may be interpreted as a contribution to the effective potential between the
soliton and antisoliton. The character of this contribution depends upon which
fermionic states are occupied. Performing the analogous calculation for the
simplest (3+1)-dimensional soliton system, we find no fermionic energy shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98444 </DOCNO>
The categorical theory of relations and quantizations


  In this paper we develope a categorical theory of relations and use this
formulation to define the notion of quantization for relations. Categories of
relations are defined in the context of symmetric monoidal categories. They are
shown to be symmetric monoidal categories in their own right and are found to
be isomorphic to certain categories of $A-A$ bicomodules. Properties of
relations are defined in terms of the symmetric monoidal structure. Equivalence
relations are shown to be commutative monoids in the category of relations.
Quantization in our view is a property of functors between monoidal categories.
This notion of quantization induce a deformation of all algebraic structures in
the category, in particular the ones defining properties of relations like
transitivity and symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5835 </DOCNO>
Influence of Boundary Conditions on the Dynamics of Pattern Forming


  We study the pattern dynamics in a reaction diffusion model of the
activator--inhibitor type in the oscillatory regime. We consider finite systems
with partially absorptive boundary conditions analizing examples in different
geometries in one and two dimensions. We observe that the boundary conditions
have important effects in the pattern forming properties of the systems. In all
the studied cases, the arising complex behaviour is found te be dependent on
the absorption parameter. By changing this parameter we can control the
asymptotic behaviour to be stationary, periodic, quasiperiodic or chaotic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7405 </DOCNO>
Light-scattering spectrum of a viscoelastic fluid subjected to an


  The light-scattering spectrum for a Maxwell fluid in a steady state due to
the presence of an external temperature gradient is computed. In such a fluid
heat conduction is assumed to be governed by the classical Fourier law. The
calculation is carried out through the use of fluctuating hydrodynamics. The
effect of the non-Newtonian character of the fluid in the resulting spectrum is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76695 </DOCNO>
Masses of the 70- Baryons in Large Nc QCD


  The masses of the negative parity 70-plet baryons are analyzed in large N_c
QCD to order 1/N_c and to first order in SU(3) symmetry breaking. The existing
experimental data are well reproduced and twenty new observables are predicted.
The leading order SU(6) spin-flavor symmetry breaking is small and, as it
occurs in the quark model, the subleading in 1/N_c hyperfine interaction is the
dominant source of the breaking. It is found that the Lambda(1405) and
Lambda(1520) are well described as three-quark states and spin-orbit partners.
New relations between splittings in different SU(3) multiplets are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5280 </DOCNO>
A Tutorial on Advanced Dynamic Monte Carlo Methods for Systems with


  Advanced algorithms are necessary to obtain faster-than-real-time dynamic
simulations in a number of different physical problems that are characterized
by widely disparate time scales. Recent advanced dynamic Monte Carlo algorithms
that preserve the dynamics of the model are described. These include the
$n$-fold way algorithm, the Monte Carlo with Absorbing Markov Chains (MCAMC)
algorithm, and the Projective Dynamics (PD) algorithm. To demonstrate the use
of these algorithms, they are applied to some simplified models of dynamic
physical systems. The models studied include a model for ion motion through a
pore such as a biological ion channel and the metastable decay of the
ferromagnetic Ising model. Non-trivial parallelization issues for these dynamic
algorithms, which are in the class of parallel discrete event simulations, are
discussed. Efforts are made to keep the article at an elementary level by
concentrating on a simple model in each case that illustrates the use of the
advanced dynamic Monte Carlo algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3279 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Fermi-liquid renormalization of the g-factor and effective


  Recently, the effective g-factor and the effective mass in a dilute 2D
electron system in silicon have been measured by Pudalov et al. (preprint
cond-mat/0105081). They compare and contrast their data with the data obtained
by our group. The purpose of this Comment is to show that all available
experimental data, including those of Pudalov et al., are consistent with each
other and are in favor of a spontaneous spin polarization in this 2D system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76998 </DOCNO>
Effects of the Intergalactic Plasma on Supernova Dimming via


  We have recently proposed a mechanism of photon-axion oscillations as a way
of rendering supernovae dimmer without cosmic acceleration. Subsequently, it
has been argued that the intergalactic plasma may interfere adversely with this
mechanism by rendering the oscillations energy dependent. Here we show that
this energy dependence is extremely sensitive to the precise value of the free
electron density in the Universe. Decreasing the electron density by only a
factor of 4 is already sufficient to bring the energy dependence within the
experimental bounds. Models of the intergalactic medium show that for redshifts
z<1 about 97% of the total volume of space is filled with regions of density
significantly lower than the average density. From these models we estimate
that the average electron density in most of space is lower by at least a
factor of 15 compared to the estimate based on one half of all baryons being
uniformly distributed and ionized. Therefore the energy dependence of the
photon-axion oscillations is consistent with experiment, and the oscillation
model remains a viable alternative to the accelerating Universe for explaining
the supernova observations. Furthermore, the electron density does give rise to
a sufficiently large plasma frequency which cuts off the photon-axion mixing
above microwave frequencies, shielding the cosmic microwave photons from axion
conversions and significantly relaxing the lower bounds on the axion mass
implied by the oscillation model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126130 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Lyman continuum radiation from galaxies: first


  We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer observations of the
star-forming galaxy Mrk 54 at z = 0.0448. The Lyman continuum radiation is not
detected above the HI absorption edge in our Galaxy. An upper limit is
evaluated by comparison with the background measured in regions of the detector
adjacent to the observed spectrum. A spectral window of 16 A, reasonably free
of additional HI Lyman series line absorption is used. No correction is needed
for molecular hydrogen absorption in our Galaxy but a foreground extinction of
0.29 mag is accounted for. An upper limit of 6.15 10^{-16} erg/cm^2/s/A is
obtained for the flux at ~ 900 A in the rest frame of Mrk 54. By comparison
with the number of ionizing photons derived from the H-alpha flux, this limit
translates into an upper limit of f_esc < 0.062 for the fraction of Lyman
continuum photons that escape the galaxy without being absorbed by interstellar
material. This limit compares with the limits obtained in three other nearby
galaxies and is compatible with the escape fractions predicted by models.
   The upper limits obtained in nearby galaxies contrasts with the detection of
Lyman continuum flux in the composite spectrum of Lyman-break galaxies at z ~
3.4. The difficulties and implications of a comparison are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127929 </DOCNO>
Simulating a white dwarf dominated halo


  Halo initial mass functions (IMFs) heavily biased toward white dwarf (WD)
precursors ~1-8 Msun have been suggested as a suitable mechanism for explaining
MACHO events. However, by simple chemical evolution argument, Gibson & Mould
(1997; GM97) pointed out that such WD-heavy IMFs (wdIMF) cause the
overproduction of carbon and nitrogen. We re-examine this problem using
numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40799 </DOCNO>
Experimental correlation analysis: foundations and practice


  Commonalities and differences in correlation analysis in terms of phase
space, conditioning and uncorrelatedness are discussed. The Poisson process is
not generally appropriate as reference distribution for normalisation and
cumulants, so that generalised statistics in terms of arbitrarily defined
reference processes must be employed. Consideration of the sampling hierarchy
leads us to a classification of current event-by-event observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86165 </DOCNO>
Noise parametric identification and whitening for LIGO 40-meter


  We report the analysis we made on data taken by Caltech 40-meter prototype
interferometer to identify the noise power spectral density and to whiten the
sequence of noise. We concentrate our study on data taken in November 1994, in
particular we analyzed two frames of data: the 18nov94.2.frame and the
19nov94.2.frame.
 We show that it is possible to whiten these data, to a good degree of
whiteness, using a high order whitening filter. Moreover we can choose to
whiten only restricted band of frequencies around the region we are interested
in, obtaining a higher level of whiteness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1023 </DOCNO>
Conditional quantum evolution induced by continuous measurement for a


  We consider the problem of an electron tunneling between two coupled quantum
dots, a two-state quantum system (qubit), using a low-transparency point
contact (PC) or tunnel junction as a detector continually measuring the
position of the electron. We focus on the qubit dynamics conditioned on a
particular realization of the actual measured current through the PC device. We
illustrate the conditional evolutions by numerical simulations. The different
behaviors between unconditional and conditional evolutions are demonstrated.
The conditional qubit dynamics evolving from quantum jumps to quantum diffusion
is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168011 </DOCNO>
Quantum Communication between N partners and Bell's inequalities


  We consider a family of quantum communication protocols involving $N$
partners. We demonstrate the existence of a link between the security of these
protocols against individual attacks by the eavesdropper, and the violation of
some Bell's inequalities, generalizing the link that was noticed some years ago
for two-partners quantum cryptography. The arguments are independent of the
local hidden variable debate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3589 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of conversion of supercurrents into normal currents, and vice


  The generation and destruction of the supercurrent in a superconductor (S)
between two resistive normal (N) current leads connected to a current source is
computed from the source equation for the supercurrent density. This equation
relates the gradient of the pair potential's phase to electron and hole
wavepackets that create and destroy Cooper pairs in the N/S interfaces. Total
Andreev reflection and supercurrent transmission of electrons and holes are
coupled together by the phase rigidity of the non-bosonic Cooper-pair
condensate. The calculations are illustrated by snapshots from a computer film.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 480 </DOCNO>
Pauli Blocking of Collisions in a Quantum Degenerate Atomic Fermi Gas


  We have produced an interacting quantum degenerate Fermi gas of atoms
composed of two spin-states of magnetically trapped $^{40}$K. The relative
Fermi energies are adjusted by controlling the population in each spin-state.
Measurements of the thermodynamics reveal the resulting imbalance in the mean
energy per particle between the two species, which is as large as a factor of
1.4 at our lowest temperature. This imbalance of energy comes from a
suppression of collisions between atoms in the gas due to the Pauli exclusion
principle. Through measurements of the thermal relaxation rate we have directly
observed this Pauli blocking as a factor of two reduction in the effective
collision cross-section in the quantum degenerate regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128614 </DOCNO>
The star-formation rate in the host of GRB 990712


  We have observed the host galaxy of GRB 990712 at 1.4 GHz with the Australia
Telescope Compact Array, to obtain an estimate of its total star-formation
rate. We do not detect a source at the position of the host. The 2 sigma upper
limit of 70 microJy implies that the total star-formation rate is lower than
100 Msun/yr, using conservative values for the spectral index and cosmological
parameters. This upper limit is in stark contrast with recent reports of
radio/submillimeter-determined star-formation rates of roughly 500 Msun/yr for
two other GRB host galaxies. Our observations present the deepest
radio-determined star-formation rate limit on a GRB host galaxy yet, and show
that also from the unobscured radio point-of-view, not every GRB host galaxy is
a vigorous starburst.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98162 </DOCNO>
Frobenius splitting and ordinarity


  We examine the relationship between the notion of Frobenius splitting and
ordinarity for varieties. We show the following: a) The de Rham-Witt cohomology
groups $H^i(X, W({\mathcal O}_X))$ of a smooth projective Frobenius split
variety are finitely generated over $W(k)$. b) we provide counterexamples to a
question of V. B. Mehta that Frobenius split varieties are ordinary or even
Hodge-Witt. c) a Kummer $K3$ surface associated to an Abelian surface is
$F$-split (ordinary) if and only if the associated Abelian surface is $F$-split
(ordinary). d) for a $K3$-surface defined over a number field, there is a set
of primes of density one in some finite extension of the base field, over which
the surface acquires ordinary reduction. This paper should be read along with
first author's paper `Exotic torsion, Frobenius splitting and the slope
spectral sequence' which is also available in this archive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4148 </DOCNO>
Diffusion coefficient for reptation of polymers with kinematic disorder


  We give a lower bound on the diffusion coefficient of a polymer chain in an
entanglement network with kinematic disorder, which is obtained from an exact
calculation in a modified Rubinstein-Duke lattice gas model with periodic
boundary conditions. In the limit of infinite chain length we show the
diffusive motion of the polymer to be slowed down by kinematic disorder by the
same factor as for a single particle in a random barrier model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86392 </DOCNO>
Internal structure of Skyrme black hole


  We consider the internal structure of the Skyrme black hole under a static
and spherically symmetric ansatz. $@u8(Be concentrate on solutions with the
node number one and with the "winding" number zero, where there exist two
solutions for each horizon radius; one solution is stable and the other is
unstable against linear perturbation. We find that a generic solution exhibits
an oscillating behavior near the sigularity, as similar to a solution in the
Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) system, independently to stability of the solution.
Comparing it with that in the EYM system, this oscillation becomes mild because
of the mass term of the Skyrme field. We also find Schwarzschild-like
exceptional solutions where no oscillating behavior is seen. Contrary to the
EYM system where there is one such solution branch if the node number is fixed,
there are two branches corresponding to the stable and the unstable ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75238 </DOCNO>
Shape versus Volume: Making Large Flat Extra Dimensions Invisible


  Much recent attention has focused on theories with large extra compactified
dimensions. However, while the phenomenological implications of the volume
moduli associated with such compactifications are well understood, relatively
little attention has been devoted to the shape moduli. In this paper, we show
that the shape moduli have a dramatic effect on the corresponding Kaluza-Klein
spectra: they change the mass gap, induce level crossings, and can even be used
to interpolate between theories with different numbers of compactified
dimensions. Furthermore, we show that in certain cases it is possible to
maintain the ratio between the higher-dimensional and four-dimensional Planck
scales while simultaneously increasing the Kaluza-Klein graviton mass gap by an
arbitrarily large factor. This mechanism can therefore be used to alleviate (or
perhaps even eliminate) many of the experimental bounds on theories with large
extra spacetime dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1871 </DOCNO>
Spherical Colloids: Effect of Discrete Macroion Charge Distribution and


  We report the coupled effects of macroion charge discretization and
counterion valence in the primitive model for spherical colloids. Instead of
considering a uniformly charged surface, as it is traditionally done, we
consider a more realistic situation where \textit{discrete monovalent
microscopic charges} are randomly distributed over the sphere. Monovalent or
multivalent counterions ensure global electroneutrality. We use molecular
dynamics simulations to study these effects at the ground state and for finite
temperature. The ground state analysis concerns the counterion structure and
\textit{charge inversion}. Results are discussed in terms of simple analytical
models. For finite temperature, strong and weak Coulomb couplings are treated.
In this situation of finite temperature, we considered and discussed the
phenomena of ionic pairing (pinning) and unpairing (unpinning).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5437 </DOCNO>
Photoluminescence of a single InAs quantum dot molecule under applied


  We study the electronic coupling between two vertically stacked InAs quantum
dots, which are embedded in the center of a n-i-n structure. We use a
micro-photoluminescence setup to optically isolate a single quantum dot pair
and measure the time-averaged photoluminescence under an applied vertical
electric field. We find that field tunable coupling between excited states of
the two quantum dots leads to charge transfer from one dot to the other. We
model the spectra including simultaneously the field dependent charge transfer
and exciton capture rates, and the many-body spectra of the quantum dot
molecule for different carrier configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124028 </DOCNO>
Comparison of source detection procedures for XMM-Newton images


  Procedures based on current methods to detect sources in X-ray images are
applied to simulated XMM images. All significant instrumental effects are taken
into account, and two kinds of sources are considered -- unresolved sources
represented by the telescope PSF and extended ones represented by a b-profile
model. Different sets of test cases with controlled and realistic input
configurations are constructed in order to analyze the influence of confusion
on the source analysis and also to choose the best methods and strategies to
resolve the difficulties.
  In the general case of point-like and extended objects the mixed approach of
multiresolution (wavelet) filtering and subsequent detection by SExtractor
gives the best results. In ideal cases of isolated sources, flux errors are
within 15-20%. The maximum likelihood technique outperforms the others for
point-like sources when the PSF model used in the fit is the same as in the
images. However, the number of spurious detections is quite large.
  The classification using the half-light radius and SExtractor stellarity
index is succesful in more than 98% of the cases. This suggests that average
luminosity clusters of galaxies (L_[2-10] ~ 3x10^{44} erg/s) can be detected at
redshifts greater than 1.5 for moderate exposure times in the energy band below
5 keV, provided that there is no confusion or blending by nearby sources.
  We find also that with the best current available packages, confusion and
completeness problems start to appear at fluxes around 6x10^{-16} erg/s/cm^2 in
[0.5-2] keV band for XMM deep surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97261 </DOCNO>
Geometry of the Uniform Spanning Forest: Transitions in Dimensions 4, 8,


  The uniform spanning forest (USF) in $Z^d$ is the weak limit of random,
uniformly chosen, spanning trees in $[-n,n]^d$. Pemantle proved that the USF
consists a.s. of a single tree if and only if $d \le 4$. We prove that any two
components of the USF in $Z^d$ are adjacent a.s. if $5 \le d \le 8$, but not if
$d \ge 9$. More generally, let $N(x,y)$ be the minimum number of edges outside
the USF in a path joining $x$ and $y$ in $Z^d$. Then a.s. $\max\{N(x,y) :
x,y\in Z^d\}$ is the integer part of $(d-1)/4$. The notion of stochastic
dimension for random relations in the lattice is introduced and used in the
proof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124946 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Stellar Clusters: Mass Spectra from Turbulent Molecular


  Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form,
and how they contract and grow in mass from the surrounding cloud material.
This process is investigated, using numerical models of self-gravitating
molecular cloud dynamics. Molecular cloud regions without turbulent driving
sources, or where turbulence is driven on large scales, exhibit rapid and
efficient star formation in a clustered mode, whereas interstellar turbulence
that carries most energy on small scales results in isolated star formation
with low efficiency. The clump mass spectrum of shock-generated density
fluctuations in pure hydrodynamic, supersonic turbulence is not well fit by a
power law, and it is too steep at the high-mass end to be in agreement with the
observational data. When gravity is included in the turbulence models, local
collapse occurs, and the spectrum extends towards larger masses as clumps merge
together, a power-law description dN/dM ~ M^nu becomes possible with slope nu <
-2. In the case of pure gravitational contraction, i.e. in regions without
turbulent support, the clump mass spectrum is shallower with nu = -3/2. The
mass spectrum of protostellar cores in regions without turbulent support and
where turbulence is replenished on large-scales, however, is well described by
a log-normal or by multiple power laws, similar to the stellar IMF at low and
intermediate masses. In the case of small-scale turbulence, the core mass
spectrum is too flat compared to the IMF for all masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95903 </DOCNO>
Etude d'equations differentielles singulierement perturbees au voisinage


  Consider a singularly perturbed ordinary differential equation, admitting 0
as turning point of order p. We study the behaviour, in the complex plane, of
the solutions of this equation in the neighborhood of 0. We prove that the
domain of these solutions contains sectors like $\{\theta_1< \arg(x)<\theta_2,
and |x|<|X_l| |\epsilon|^{1/(p+1)} \}$. If we introduce thereafter a
p-parameter $\alpha$ in the equation, we have (for some particular values of
the parameter, depending from $\epsilon$) canards solutions, id est solutions
which are bounded in a whole neighborhood of the turning point. These two
results are used for two examples, one of them is the Van der Pol equation; we
can then find for these two equations an equivalent of the coefficients of the
asymptotic serie in $\epsilon$ for the values of $\alpha$ corresponding to
canards solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74202 </DOCNO>
Energy Loss versus Shadowing in the Drell-Yan Reaction on Nuclei


  We present a new analysis of the E772 and E866 experiments on the nuclear
dependence of Drell-Yan (DY) lepton pair production resulting from the
bombardment of $^2H$, Be, C, Ca, Fe, and W targets by 800 GeV/c protons at
Fermilab. We employ a light-cone formulation of the DY reaction in the rest
frame of the nucleus, where the dimuons detected at small values of Bjorken x_2
<< 1 may be considered to originate from the decay of a heavy photon radiated
from an incident quark in a bremsstrahlung process. We infer the energy loss of
the quark by examining the suppression of the nuclear-dependent DY ratios seen
as a function of projectile momentum fraction x_1 and dimuon mass M. Shadowing,
which also leads to nuclear suppression of dimuons, is calculated within the
same approach employing the results of phenomenological fits to deep inelastic
scattering data from HERA. The analysis yields -dE/dz =2.73 +/- 0.37 +/- 0.5
GeV/fm for the rate of quark energy loss per unit path length, a value
consistent with theoretical expectations including the effects of the inelastic
interaction of the incident proton at the surface of the nucleus. This is the
first observation of a nonzero energy loss effect in such experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128082 </DOCNO>
On the properties of massive Population III stars and metal-free stellar


  We present realistic models for massive Population III stars and stellar
populations based on non-LTE model atmospheres, recent stellar evolution tracks
and up-to-date evolutionary synthesis models, to study their spectral
properties, including their dependence on age, star formation history, and IMF.
(..) The main results regarding integrated stellar populations are: * For young
bursts and the case of a constant SFR, nebular continuous emission - neglected
in previous studies - dominates the spectrum redward of Lyman-alpha (...).
Therefore predicted emission line equivalent widths are considerably smaller
than found in earlier studies, whereas the detection of the continuum is eased.
Nebular line and continuous emission strongly affect the broad band photometric
properties of Pop III objects. * Due to stellar evolution, the hardness of the
ionising spectrum decreases rapidly, leading to the disappearance of the
characteristic HeII 1640 recombination lines after ~ 3 Myr in instantaneous
bursts. * The relative efficiency of ionising photon energy to heavy element
rest mass production, eta, of metal-poor and metal-free populations is
increased by factors of ~ 4 to 18 with respect to solar metallicity and for
``standard'' IMFs. * The lowest values of eta ~ 1.6 - 2.2 % are obtained for
IMFs exclusively populated with high mass stars (M_low >~ 50 Msun). If correct,
the yields dominated by pair creation SNae then predict large overabundances of
O/C and Si/C compared to solar abundance ratios. Detailed results are given in
tabular form and as fit formulae for implementation in other calculations.
(abridged abstract)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86956 </DOCNO>
Presheaves, Sheaves and their Topoi in Quantum Gravity and Quantum Logic


  A brief synopsis of recent conceptions and results, the current status and
future outlook of our research program of applying sheaf and topos-theoretic
ideas to quantum gravity and quantum logic is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95407 </DOCNO>
Non-Markovian Optimal Prediction


  Optimal prediction methods compensate for a lack of resolution in the
numerical solution of complex problems through the use of prior statistical
information. We know from previous work that in the presence of strong
underresolution a good approximation needs a non-Markovian "memory", determined
by an equation for the "orthogonal", i.e., unresolved, dynamics. We present a
simple approximation of the orthogonal dynamics, which involves an ansatz and a
Monte-Carlo evaluation of autocorrelations. The analysis provides a new
understanding of the fluctuation-dissipation formulas of statistical physics.
An example is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149537 </DOCNO>
Superfield representations of superconformal groups


  Representations of four dimensional superconformal groups are constructed as
fields on many different superspaces, including super Minkowski space, chiral
superspace, harmonic superspace and analytic superspace. Any unitary
irreducible representation can be given as a field on any one of these spaces
if we include fields which transform under supergroups. In particular, on
analytic superspaces, the fields are unconstrained. One can obtain all
representations of the N=4 complex superconformal group $PSL(4|4)$ with integer
dilation weight from copies of the Maxwell multiplet on $(4,2,2)$ analytic
superspace. This construction is compared with the oscillator construction and
it is shown that there is a natural correspondence between the oscillator
construction of superconformal representations and those carried by superfields
on analytic superspace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5353 </DOCNO>
Conformal Gaussian Approximation


  We present an alternative way to determine the unknown parameter associated
to a gaussian approximation in a generic two-dimensional model. Instead of the
standard variational approach, we propose a procedure based on a quantitative
prediction of conformal invariance, valid for systems in the scaling regime,
away from criticality. We illustrate our idea by considering, as an example,
the sine-Gordon model. Our method gives a good approximation for the soliton
mass as function of $\beta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148163 </DOCNO>
Excited diskrete spectrum states wave functions of quantum integrable


  A problem of constructing excited state swave functions of the discrete
spectrum of completely integrable quantum systems is considered. Recurrence
relations defining wave functions up to the normalizing constant are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124228 </DOCNO>
Enigmatic low-velocity jet-like features in planetary nebulae


  We are developing a project aimed at studying the physical properties, origin
and evolution of low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae. Within this
project we have identified a number of pairs of highly collimated
low-ionization jet-like features (Goncalves et al. 2001). In spite of being
very similar to real jets, they have the intriguing property of possessing
expansion velocities which are very low, or at least not significantly
different from, that of the shells in which they are embedded. In this
contribution we discuss our data on these fake jets (Corradi et al. 1997, 1999)
and compare them with existing theoretical models for the formation of
collimated structures in PNe. These enigmatic jet-like systems are not easily
accounted for within the theoretical scenarios that deal with collimated
features in PNe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168008 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic nonlocal gate operation via imperfect entanglement


  Nonlocal gate operation is based on sharing an ancillary pair of qubits in
perfect entanglement. When the ancillary pair are partially entangled, the
efficiency of the gate operation drops. Using general transformations, we
devise probabilistic nonlocal gates, which perform the nonlocal operation
conclusively when the ancillary pair are only partially entangled. We show that
a controlled purification protocol can be implemented by the probabilistic
nonlocal operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125183 </DOCNO>
Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. The Consistency


  We report the first results of a program to measure accurate stellar velocity
dispersions in the bulges of the host galaxies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs)
for which accurate black hole (BH) masses have been determined via
reverberation mapping. We find good agreement between BH masses obtained from
reverberation mapping, and from the M(BH) - sigma relation as defined by
quiescent galaxies, indicating a common relationship between active and
quiescent black holes and their large-scale environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113799 </DOCNO>
Photoabsorption Spectra of Na_n+ clusters: Thermal Line-Broadening


  Photoabsorption cross sections of small sodium cluster cations (Na$_n^+$,
n=3,5,7 and 9) were calculated at various temperatures with the
time-dependent local-density-approximation (TDLDA) in conjunction with ab
initio molecular dynamics simulations, yielding spectra that agree with
measured ones without ad-hoc line broadening or renormalization. Three thermal
line-broadening mechanisms are revealed: (I) lifting of level degeneracies
caused by symmetry-breaking ionic motions, (II) oscillatory shifts of the
entire spectrum caused by breathing vibrations, and (III) cluster structural
isomerizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85959 </DOCNO>
Zero temperature black holes in semiclassical gravity


  The semiclassical Einstein equations are solved to first order in $\epsilon =
\hbar/M^2$ for the case of an extreme or nearly extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m
black hole perturbed by the vacuum stress-energy of quantized free fields. It
is shown that, for realistic fields of spin 0, 1/2, or 1, any zero temperature
black hole solution to the equations must have an event horizon at $r_h < |Q|$,
with $Q$ the charge of the black hole. It is further shown that no black hole
solutions with $r_h < |Q|$ can be obtained by solving the semiclassical
Einstein equations perturbatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96953 </DOCNO>
Symplectic topology of integrable Hamiltonian systems, I:


  The classical Arnold-Liouville theorem describes the geometry of an
integrable Hamiltonian system near a regular level set of the moment map. Our
results describe it near a nondegenerate singular level set: a tubular
neighborhood of a connected singular nondegenerate level set, after a normal
finite covering, admits a non-complete system of action-angle functions (the
number of action functions is equal to the rank of the moment map), and it can
be decomposed topologically, together with the associated singular Lagrangian
foliation, to a direct product of simplest (codimension 1 and codimension 2)
singularities. These results are essential for the global topological study of
integrable Hamiltonian systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73343 </DOCNO>
Production of Light Goldstone Particles on Photon Colliders


  By realizing the project of intensive
 $\gamma $ beams with large energy (necessary for Photon Colliders) an
essential flux of light Goldstone particles (LGP - axions, arions, familons,
majorons) can be generated. The probability of LGP production is calculated for
different densities of laser photons in the conversion region (with absorption
of one or several laser photons). The method for observation of LGP via its
absorption in the matter is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114250 </DOCNO>
RHIC Power Supply Ramp Diagnostics*


  Reliable and reproducible performance of the more than 800 Relativistic Heavy
Ion Collider (RHIC) magnet power supplies is essential to successful RHIC
operation. In order to support power supply commissioning, a system was
developed to capture detailed power supply measurements from all the RHIC ring
power supplies during acceleration ramps. Diagnostic tools were developed to
allow experts to assess ramp reproducibility and rapidly identify problems. The
system has now become a routine part of RHIC operations, with data captured for
every acceleration ramp. This paper describes the RHIC power supply ramp
diagnostic system and considers its impact on RHIC operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127369 </DOCNO>
A New System of Parallel Isolated Nonthermal Filaments Near the Galactic


  We report the discovery of a system of isolated nonthermal filaments
approximately 0.5 deg. northwest (75 pc in projection) of Sgr A. Unlike other
isolated nonthermal filaments which show subfilamentation, braiding of
subfilaments, and flaring at their ends, these filaments are simple linear
structures and more closely resemble the parallel bundled filaments in the
Galactic center radio arc. However, the most unusual feature of these filaments
is that the 20/90 cm spectral index uniformly decreases as a function of
length, in contrast to all other nonthermal filaments in the Galactic center.
This spectral gradient may not be due to simple particle aging but could be
explained by a curved electron energy spectrum embedded in a diverging magnetic
field. If so, the scale of the magnetic gradient is not consistent with a large
scale magnetic field centered on Sgr A* suggesting that this filament system is
tracing a local magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126329 </DOCNO>
First Application of the Fe XVII I(17.10 A)/I(17.05 A) Line Ratio to


  We show that the Fe XVII I(17.10 A)/I(17.05 A) line ratio observed in the
Chandra HETG spectrum of the intermediate polar EX Hydrae is significantly
smaller than that observed in the Sun or other late-type stars. Using the
Livermore X-ray Spectral Synthesizer, which calculates spectral models of
highly charged ions based on HULLAC atomic data, we find that the observed
I(17.10 A)/I(17.05 A) line ratio can be explained if the plasma density n_e >
3x10^{14} cm^{-3}. However, if photoexcitation is included in the level
population kinetics, the line ratio can be explained for any density if the
photoexcitation temperature T_bb > 55 kK. For photoexcitation to dominate the
Fe XVII level population kinetics, the relative size of the hotspot on the
white dwarf surface must be f < 2%. This constraint and the observed X-ray flux
requires a density n > 2x10^{14} cm^{-3} for the post-shock flow. Either way,
then, the Chandra HETG spectrum of EX Hya requires a plasma density which is
orders of magnitude greater than that observed in the Sun or other late-type
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179380 </DOCNO>
A(e,e'p) reactions at GeV energies


  An unfactorized and relativistic framework for calculating A(e,e'p)
observables at typical JLAB energies is presented. Results of (e,e'p) model
calculations for the target nuclei ^{12}C and ^{16}O are presented and compared
to data from SLAC and JLAB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3158 </DOCNO>
The Cerium volume collapse: Results from the LDA+DMFT approach


  The merger of density-functional theory in the local density approximation
(LDA) and many-body dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) allows for an ab initio
calculation of Ce including the inherent 4f electronic correlations. We solve
the DMFT equations by the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) technique and calculate the
Ce energy, spectrum, and double occupancy as a function of volume. At low
temperatures, the correlation energy exhibits an anomalous region of negative
curvature which drives the system towards a thermodynamic instability, i.e.,
the $\gamma$-to-$\alpha$ volume collapse, consistent with experiment. The
connection of the energetic with the spectral evolution shows that the physical
origin of the energy anomaly and, thus, the volume collapse is the appearance
of a quasiparticle resonance in the 4f-spectrum which is accompanied by a rapid
growth in the double occupancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126678 </DOCNO>
Maximum likelihood method for estimating the mass and period


  We investigate the distribution of mass M and orbital period P of extra-solar
planets, taking account of selection effects due to the limited velocity
precision and duration of existing surveys. We fit the data on 63 planets to a
power-law distribution of the form dn=CM^{-alpha}P^{-beta}(dM/M)(dP/P), and
find alpha=0.12+-0.10, beta=-0.26+-0.06 for M<10M_J, where M_J is the Jupiter
mass. The correlation coefficient between these two exponents is -0.32,
indicating that uncertainties in the two distributions are coupled. We estimate
that 3% of solar-type stars have companions in the range 1M_J<M<10M_J,
2d<P<10yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125062 </DOCNO>
A Chandra Observation of the Circinus Galaxy


  We report on a recent Chandra ACIS-S observation of the Circinus galaxy.
These observations confirm that the nuclear spectrum results from reflection of
a hard X-ray continuum by ``neutral'' matter. The nuclear X-ray emission is
extended by \sim 60 pc in the general direction of the optical ``ionization
cone''. An image in the Fe K\alpha line has been made and shows that this
emission extends up to 200 pc from the nucleus. There is also large-scale X-ray
emission both along and perpendicular to the galaxy disk. Thermal plasma models
for this extended gas indicate temperatures kT \sim 0.6 keV, though cooler
photoionized gas is also possible. The X-ray emission from gas in the disk is
probably associated with the starburst ring of radius 150--250 pc. The gas
extending \sim 600 pc perpendicular to the disk is closely correlated with the
high-excitation optical-line emission. In addition to its soft X-ray emission,
we tentatively detect a hard component from the gas above the plane; this hard
emission may represent nuclear X-rays scattered into our line of sight by
electrons in the outflowing wind. Ten compact sources are found in the central
kpc of the galaxy. The most luminous has an X-ray luminosity of \simeq 10^{40}
erg s^{-1} and seems to be an X-ray binary in the Circinus galaxy with a
black-hole mass exceeding 80 M_{\odot}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1050 </DOCNO>
Percolative conductivity and critical exponents in mixed-valent


  Recent experiments have shown that some colossal magnetoresistance (CMR)
materials exhibit a percolation transition. The conductivity exponent varies
substantially with or without an external magnetic field. This finding prompted
us to carry out theoretical studies of percolation transition in CMR systems.
We find that the percolation transition coincides with the magnetic transition
and this causes a large effect of a magnetic field on the percolation
transition. Using real-space-renormalization method and numerical calculations
for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models, we obtain the
conductivity exponent $t$ to be 5.3 (3D) and 3.3 (2D) without a magnetic field,
and 1.7 (3D) and 1.4 (2D) with a magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113693 </DOCNO>
Basics of Superluminal Signals


  The paper elucidates the physical basis of experimental results on
superluminal signal velocity. It will be made plausible that superluminal
signals do not violate the principle of causality but they can shorten the
luminal vacuum time span between cause and effect. This amazing behaviour is
based on the property that any physical signal has a finite duration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76577 </DOCNO>
Numerical modelling of correlations


  We demonstrate algorithm for numerical modelling of Bose-Einstein
correlations (BEC) formulated on quantum statistical level for a single event
and exploring the property that identical particles subjected to Bose
statistics do bunch themselves in a maximal possible way in the same cells in
phase-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148126 </DOCNO>
From Electromagnetic Duality to Extended Electrodynamics


  This paper presents the transition from Classical Electrodynamics (CED) to
Extended Electrodynamics (EED) from the electromagnetic duality point of view,
and emphasizes the role of the canonical complex structure in ${\cal R}^2$ in,
both, nonrelativistic and relativistic formulations of CED and EED. We begin
with summarizing the motivations for passing to EED, as well as we motivate and
outline the way to be followed in pursuing the right extension of Maxwell
equations. Further we give the nonrelativistic and relativistic approaches to
the extension and give explicitly the new equations as well as some properties
of the nonlinear vacuum solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86059 </DOCNO>
The shear dynamics in Bianchi I cosmological model on the brane


  The shear dynamics in Bianchi I cosmological model on the brane with a
perfect fluid (the equation of state is $p=(\gamma-1) \mu$) is studied. It is
shown that for $1 < \gamma < 2$ the shear parameter has maximum at some moment
during a transition period from nonstandard to standard cosmology. An exact
formula for the matter density $\mu$ in the epoch of maximum shear parameter as
a function of the equation of state is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113862 </DOCNO>
On some generalized stopping power sum rules


  The Lindhard-Winther (LW) equipartition sum rule shows that within the linear
response theory, the stopping power of an energetic point-charge projectile in
a degenerate electron gas medium, receives equal contributions from
single-particle and collective excitations in the medium. In this paper we show
that the LW sum rule does not necessarily hold for an extended projectile ion
and for ion-clusters moving in a fully degenerate electron gas. We have derived
a generalized equipartition sum rule and some related sum rules for this type
of projectiles. We also present numerical plots for He$^{+}$ ion and He$^{+}$
ion-clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168766 </DOCNO>
Effects of geometry and topology on some quantum mechanical systems


  We study the behaviour of a nonrelativistic quantum particle interacting with
different potentials in the spacetimes of topological defects. We find the
energy spectra and show how they differ from their free-space values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168603 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Noncontextual Hidden Variables and Physical Measurements


  Kent [quant-ph/9906006] has constructed a hidden variable theory by taking
the finite precision of physical measurements into account. But its claim to
noncontextuality has been queried, and it shown here that there is a
particularly simple way of seeing why it cannot be noncontextual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95760 </DOCNO>
Period problems for mean curvature one surfaces in H^3 (with application


  We survey our recent results on classifying complete constant mean curvature
1 (CMC-1) surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space with low total curvature. There are
two natural notions of ``total curvature''--- one is the total absolute
curvature which is the integral over the surface of the absolute value of the
Gaussian curvature, and the other is the dual total absolute curvature which is
the total absolute curvature of the dual CMC-1 surface. Here we discuss results
on both notions (proven in two other papers by the authors), and we introduce
some new results (with proofs) as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86225 </DOCNO>
Static and rotating electrically charged black holes in


  We obtain static and rotating electrically charged black holes of a
Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theory of the Brans-Dicke type in (2+1)-dimensions.
The theory is specified by three fields, the dilaton, the graviton and the
electromagnetic field, and two parameters, the cosmological constant and the
Brans-Dicke parameter. It contains eight different cases, of which one
distinguishes as special cases, string theory, general relativity and a theory
equivalent to four dimensional general relativity with one Killing vector. We
find the ADM mass, angular momentum, electric charge and dilaton charge and
compute the Hawking temperature of the solutions. Causal structure and geodesic
motion of null and timelike particles in the black hole geometries are studied
in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96842 </DOCNO>
C++ Codes of Implicit Lu Algorithms for Absdll01


  This report is devoted to some C++ codes implementing the implicit LU class
algorithms for solving linear determined, and undetermined systems with $n$
variables and $m$ equations. A main program used in part of the numerical test
is given in the last section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114471 </DOCNO>
The Object Oriented Approach to Machine Physics Calculations with Java


  At least as much time is spent solving problems addressed by application
support as with actual interaction with the control system, if it is not
factored into separate libraries but is coded by each programmer time and time
again. Our Java libraries, called Abeans, address these issues in a
communication platform independent way. Abeans perform connection management,
error and timeout handling, logging, reporting, authentication, resource
initialization and destruction, policy and configuration management, etc.
Abeans also hide the communication details from the programmer and combine with
CosyBeans, our GUI Java components, to form SCADA-like control panels. They are
successfully used in such different environments such as a synchrotron light
source (ANKA, Germany), an e-p collider complex (DESY, Germany), proton
cyclotron (Riken, Japan) and a radio telescope (ESO, Germany).
  The Java library DataBush has a similar function for machine physics
programs. The object oriented design of the library gives programmer intuitive
access to devices and elements relevant to machine physics. For example, a
non-visual Java Bean represents a magnet with its relevant machine physics
parameters. Access to the control system is provided transparently with Abeans
in communication platform independent way. Error diagnostics and event handling
is part of the Abeans and DataBush framework. By default DataBush receives new
data and performs linear optics calculation of machine functions with a one
second heartbeat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148367 </DOCNO>
Fundamentals on the Noncommutative Plane


  We consider the addition of charged matter (``fundametals'') to
noncommutative Yang-Mills theory and noncommutative QED, derive Feynman rules
and tree-level potentials for them, and study the divergence structure of the
theory. These particles behave very much as they do in the commutative theory,
except that (1) they occupy bound-state wavefunctions which are essentially
those of charged particles in magnetic fields, and (2) there is slight momentum
nonconservation at vertices. There is no reduction in the degree of divergence
of charged fermion loops like that which affects nonplanar noncommutative
Yang-Mills diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6810 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Absence of electron dephasing at zero temperature"


  The recent claim by Kirkpatrick and Belitz (cond-mat/0111398) that Ward
identities could be used to prove the absence of electron dephasing at T=0
contains serious flaws. These authors try to draw conclusions about dephasing
from an analysis of the diffuson, which is not sensitive to this process. The
Cooperon, which does contain this information, is analyzed only in time
reversal symmetric situations, which by assumption excludes any relaxation and
dephasing. Hence, their analysis remains inconclusive for the problem in
question.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114088 </DOCNO>
Exciton scattering in light-harvesting systems of purple bacteria


  Using the reduced density matrix formalism the exciton scattering in
light-harvesting systems of purple bacteria is calculated. The static disorder
(fluctuations of the site energies) as well as the dynamic disorder
(dissipation) is taken into account in this work. Circular aggregates with 18
pigments are studied to model the B850 ring of bacteriochlorophylls with LH2
complexes. It can be shown that the influence of dissipation may not be
neglected in the simulation of the time-dependent anisotropy of fluorescence.
Also an elliptical deformation of the ring could be essential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123419 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Residual Material in Accretion Disk Gaps: CO Fundamental


  We present the discovery of CO fundamental ro-vibrational emission from the
classical T Tauri spectroscopic binary DQ Tau. The high-resolution infrared
echelle spectra reveal emission lines from both the v=1 and v=2 vibrational
levels with line widths of roughly 70 km/s. The average CO excitation
temperature is approximately 1200 K. We model the spectra as arising from gas
in Keplerian rotation about the center-of-mass of the binary. The disk model
requires gas with an average surface density of 5 x 10-4 g cm-2 that extends
outward to 0.5 +/- 0.1 AU and inward to at least 0.1 AU from the
center-of-mass. The radial extent for the emitting gas is close to the
predicted size of the gap in the DQ Tau accretion disk that is expected to be
dynamically cleared by the binary. We interpret these results, and previous
modeling of DQ Tau's spectral energy distribution, as evidence for a small
amount (~ 1e-10 Msun) of diffuse material residing within the optically-thin
disk gap. Thus dynamical clearing has not been completely efficient in the DQ
Tau binary. We suggest that the material is associated with a flow from the
circumbinary disk which feeds the ongoing accretion at the stellar surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95831 </DOCNO>
p-adic Fourier Theory


  In this paper we generalize work of Amice and Lazard from the early
(nineteen) sixties. Amice determined the dual of the space of locally
Qp-analytic functions on Zp and showed that it is isomorphic to the ring of
rigid functions on the open unit disk over Cp. Lazard showed that this ring has
a divisor theory and that the classes of closed, finitely generated, and
principal ideals in this ring coincide.
  We study the space of locally L-analytic functions on the ring of integers in
L, where L is a finite extension of Qp. We show that the dual of this space is
a ring isomorphic to the ring of rigid functions on a certain rigid variety X.
We show that the variety X is isomorphic to the open unit disk over Cp, but not
over any discretely valued extension field of L; it is a "twisted form" of the
open unit disk. In the ring of functions on X, the classes of closed, finitely
generated, and invertible ideals coincide, but unless L=Qp not all finitely
generated ideals are principal.
  The paper uses Lubin-Tate theory and results on p-adic Hodge theory. We give
several applications, including one to the construction of p-adic L-functions
for supersingular elliptic curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114175 </DOCNO>
Marietta Blau's Work After World War II


  This paper has been translated into German and will be included, in a
somewhat altered form, in a book Sterne der Zertrummerung, Marietta Blau,
Wegbereiterin der Moderne Teilchenphysik, Brigitte Strohmaier and Robert
Rosner, eds., Boehlau Verlag, Wien.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6356 </DOCNO>
Actio et Reactio in the Optical Aharonov-Bohm Effect


  A vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate generates the optical analog of the
Aharonov-Bohm effect when illuminated with slow light. In contrast to the
original Aharonov-Bohm effect the vortex will exchange forces with the light
that lead to a measurable motion of the vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179236 </DOCNO>
Nucleon-Nucleon Scattering in a Three-Dimensional Approach


  The nucleon-nucleon t-matrix is calculated directly as function of two vector
momenta for different realistic NN potentials. The angular and momentum
dependence of the full amplitude is studied and NN observables are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96599 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Unimodular Counting


  We study algebraic algorithms for expressing the number of non-negative
integer solutions to a unimodular system of linear equations as a function of
the right hand side. Our methods include Todd classes of toric varieties via
Gr\"obner bases, and rational generating functions as in Barvinok's algorithm.
We report polyhedral and computational results for two special cases: counting
contingency tables and Kostant's partition function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168241 </DOCNO>
Maximization of capacity and p-norms for some product channels


  It is conjectured that the Holevo capacity of a product channel \Omega
\otimes \Phi is achieved when product states are used as input. Amosov, Holevo
and Werner have also conjectured that the maximal p-norm of a product channel
is achieved with product input states. In this paper we establish both of these
conjectures in the case that \Omega is arbitrary and \Phi is a CQ or QC channel
(as defined by Holevo). We also establish the Amosov, Holevo and Werner
conjecture when \Omega is arbitrary and either \Phi is a qubit channel and p=2,
or \Phi is a unital qubit channel and p is integer. Our proofs involve a new
conjecture for the norm of an output state of the half-noisy channel I \otimes
\Phi, when \Phi is a qubit channel. We show that this conjecture in some cases
also implies additivity of the Holevo capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129497 </DOCNO>
Deuterium abundance toward G191-B2B: Results from the Far Ultraviolet


  High-resolution spectra of the hot white dwarf G191-B2B, covering the
wavelength region 905-1187A, were obtained with the Far Ultraviolet
Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). This data was used in conjunction with existing
high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope STIS observations to evaluate the total
HI, DI, OI and NI column densities along the line of sight. Previous
determinations of N(DI) based upon GHRS and STIS observations were
controversial due to the saturated strength of the DI Lyman-alpha line. In the
present analysis the column density of DI has been measured using only the
unsaturated Lyman-beta and Lyman-gamma lines observed by FUSE. A careful
inspection of possible systematic uncertainties tied to the modeling of the
stellar continuum or to the uncertainties in the FUSE instrumental
characteristics has been performed. The column densities derived are: log N(DI)
= 13.40 +/-0.07, log N(OI) = 14.86 +/-0.07, and log N(NI) = 13.87 +/-0.07
quoted with 2-sigma uncertainties. The measurement of the HI column density by
profile fitting of the Lyman-alpha line has been found to be unsecure. If
additional weak hot interstellar components are added to the three detected
clouds along the line of sight, the HI column density can be reduced quite
significantly, even though the signal-to-noise ratio and spectral resolution at
Lyman-alpha are excellent. The new estimate of N(HI) toward G191-B2B reads: log
N(HI) = 18.18 +/-0.18 (2-sigma uncertainty), so that the average (D/H) ratio on
the line of sight is: (D/H) = 1.66 (+0.9/-0.6) *10^-5 (2-sigma uncertainty).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75749 </DOCNO>
Confinement versus color superconductivity: a lattice investigation


  High density YM-theory is addressed by means of an effective theory where a
Higgs type field corresponds to the diquark order parameter. The effective
Higgs theory mimics the Cooper instability at the Fermi surface. After Landau
gauge fixing, the theory possesses a global color degree of freedom. Color
superconductivity corresponds to a spontaneous breakdown of the residual global
color symmetry. Numerical simulations illustrate this mechanism of
spontaneously broken global color for the case of the standard electro-weak
phase transition and for the case of the transition between the confinement and
the Higgs phase, respectively. The latter transition is relevant for the study
of diquark condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1779 </DOCNO>
Pinned Wigner Crystals


  We study the effects of weak disorder on a Wigner crystal in a magnetic
field. We show that an elastic description of the pinned Wigner crystal
provides an excellent framework to obtain most of the physically relevant
observables. Using such a description, we compute the static and dynamical
properties. We find that, akin to the Bragg glass phase, a good degree of
translational order survives (up to a large lengthscale in $d=2$, infinite in
$d=3$). Using a gaussian variational method, we obtain the full frequency
dependence of the conductivity tensor. The zero temperature Hall resistivity is
independent of frequency and remains unaffected by disorder at its classical
value. We show that the characteristic features of the conductivity in the
pinned Wigner crystal are dramatically different from those arising from the
naive extrapolations of Fukuyama-Lee type theories for charge density waves. We
determine the relevant scales and find that the physical properties depend
crucially on whether the disorder correlation length is larger than the
cyclotron length or not. We analyse, in particular, the magnetic field and
density dependence of the optical conductivity. Within our approach the pinning
frequency can increase with increasing magnetic field and varies as $n^{-3/2}$
with the density $n$. We compare our predictions with recent experiments on
transport in two dimensional electron gases under strong magnetic fields. Our
theory allows for a consistent interpretation of these experiments in terms of
a pinned WC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126331 </DOCNO>
Lyman Continuum Extinction by Dust in H {\sc ii} Regions of Galaxies


  We examine Lyman continuum extinction (LCE) in H II regions by comparing
infrared fluxes of 49 H II regions in the Galaxy, M31, M33, and the LMC with
estimated production rates of Lyman continuum photons. A typical fraction of
Lyman continuum photons that contribute to hydrogen ionization in the H II
regions of three spiral galaxies is $\la$ 50 %. The fraction may become smaller
as the metallicity (or dust-to-gas ratio) increases. We examine the LCE effect
on estimated star formation rates (SFR) of galaxies. The correction factor for
the Galactic dust-to-gas ratio is 2-5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76983 </DOCNO>
Loops and loop clouds - a numerical approach to the worldline formalism


  A numerical technique for calculating effective actions of electromagnetic
backgrounds is proposed, which is based on the string-inspired worldline
formalism. As examples, we consider scalar electrodynamics in three and four
dimensions to one-loop order. Beyond the constant-magnetic-field case, we
analyze a step-function-like magnetic field exhibiting a nonlocal and
nonperturbative phenomenon: ``magnetic-field diffusion''. Finally,
generalizations to fermionic loops and systems at finite temperature are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128397 </DOCNO>
V344 Lyr: an unusual large-amplitude SU UMa-type dwarf nova with a short


  We studied the large-amplitude SU UMa-type dwarf nova V344 Lyr. A combination
of our observations and reports to VSNET has yielded an extensive coverage of
outbursts between 1994 July and 2001 June. The analysis of this data showed a
mean supercycle length of 109.6 d. This value is one of the smallest among
known SU UMa-type dwarf novae (except unusual ER UMa-type dwarf novae). The
outburst amplitude of V344 Lyr (~5.5 mag) is found to be much larger than those
(3.5 +/- 0.3 mag) of SU UMa-type dwarf novae with similar supercycle lengths.
Such a deviation of the amplitude in V344 Lyr is difficult to explain by the
inclination effect. The extreme outburst parameters of V344 Lyr would require
an additional mechanism to effectively reduce the quiescent luminosity or to
increase the outburst frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123378 </DOCNO>
A Further Study of Relative longitude shift of Pulsar Beams


  It is of great important to study pulsar beam shapes if we are concerned with
emission theories and pulsar birth rate. Both observations and/or the inverse
Compton scattering model show that different emission components are emitted
from different heights. The relative longitude phase shifts due to different
heights of emission components and to the toroidal velocity of electron are
considered in this paper. Several possible observational features arising from
the phase shift effects are presented. The emission beams may not have circular
cross sections although the emission regions may be symmetric with respect to
the magnetic axes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7068 </DOCNO>
On the Emergence of the Microcanonical Description from a Pure State


  We study, in general terms, the process by which a pure state can
``self-thermalize'' and {\em appear} to be described by a microcanonical
density matrix. This requires a quantum mechanical version of the Gibbsian
coarse graining that conceptually underlies classical statistical mechanics. We
introduce some extra degrees of freedom that are necessary for this.
Interaction between these degrees and the system can be understood as a process
of resonant absorption and emission of ``soft quanta''. This intuitive picture
allows one to state a criterion for when self thermalization occurs. This
paradigm also provides a method for calculating the thermalization rate using
the usual formalism of atomic physics for calculating decay rates. We contrast
our prescription for coarse graining, which is somewhat dynamical, with the
earlier approaches that are intrinsically kinematical. An important motivation
for this study is the black hole information paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3082 </DOCNO>
Non-linear excitations in 1D correlated insulators


  In this work we investigate charge transport in one-dimensional (1D)
insulators via semi-classical and perturbative renormalization group (RG)
methods. We consider the problem of electron-electron, electron-phonon and
electron-two-level system interactions. We show that non-linear collective
modes such as polarons and solitons are reponsible for transport. We find a new
excitation in the Mott insulator: the polaronic soliton. We discuss the
differences between band and Mott insulators in terms of their spin spectrum
and obtain the charge and spin gaps in each one of these systems. We show that
electron-electron interactions provide strong renormalizations of the energy
scales in the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125020 </DOCNO>
A Spectroscopic and Photometric Study of Short-Timescale Variability in


  Results of a ground-based optical monitoring campaign on NGC5548 in June 1998
are presented. The broad-band fluxes (U,B,V), and the spectrophotometric
optical continuum flux F_lambda(5100 A) monotonically decreased in flux while
the broad-band R and I fluxes and the integrated emission-line fluxes of Halpha
and Hbeta remained constant to within 5%. On June 22, a short continuum flare
was detected in the broad band fluxes. It had an amplitude of about ~18% and it
lasted only ~90 min. The broad band fluxes and the optical continuum
F_lambda(5100 A) appear to vary simultaneously with the EUV variations. No
reliable delay was detected for the broad optical emission lines in response to
the EUVE variations. Narrow Hbeta emission features predicted as a signature of
an accretion disk were not detected during this campaign. However, there is
marginal evidence for a faint feature at lambda = 4962 A with FWHM=~6 A
redshifted by Delta v = 1100 km/s with respect to Hbeta_narrow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1785 </DOCNO>
Measures of globalization based on cross-correlations of world financial


  The cross-correlation matrix of daily returns of stock market indices in a
diverse set of 37 countries worldwide was analyzed. Comparison of the spectrum
of this matrix with predictions of random matrix theory provides an empirical
evidence of strong interactions between individual economies, as manifested by
three largest eigenvalues and the corresponding set of stable, non-random
eigenvectors. The observed correlation structure is robust with respect to
changes in the time horizon of returns ranging from 1 to 10 trading days, and
to replacing individual returns with just their signs. This last observation
confirms that it is mostly correlations in signs and not absolute values of
fluctuations, which are responsible for the observed effect. Correlations
between different trading days seem to persist for up to 3 days before decaying
to the level of the background noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75345 </DOCNO>
The annihilation of virtual photons into pseudoscalar mesons


  We investigate the possibility to constrain the pion distribution amplitude
from the gamma* gamma* -> pi transition. For a surprisingly large range in the
two photon virtualities we find that the transition form factor is essentially
independent of the distribution amplitude. This in turn entails a
parameter-free prediction of QCD. The gamma* gamma* -> eta, eta' form factors
are also briefly discussed. We estimate that experimental studies might be
feasible at the existing e+ e- experiments BaBar, Belle, and CLEO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128498 </DOCNO>
Chandra discovery of extended non-thermal emission in 3C 207 and the


  We report on the {\it Chandra} discovery of large scale non--thermal emission
features in the double lobed SSRL quasar 3C 207 (z=0.684). These are: a diffuse
emission well correlated with the western radio lobe, a bright one sided jet
whose structure coincides with that of the eastern radio jet and an X-ray
source at the tip of the jet coincident with the hot spot of the eastern lobe.
The diffuse X-ray structure is best interpreted as inverse Compton (IC)
scattering of the IR photons from the nuclear source and provides direct
observational support to an earlier conjecture (Brunetti et al., 1997) that the
spectrum of the relativistic electrons in the lobes of radio galaxies extends
to much lower energies than those involved in the synchrotron radio emission.
The X-ray luminous and spatially resolved knot along the jet is of particular
interest: by combining VLA and {\it Chandra} data we show that a SSC model is
ruled out, while the X-ray spectrum and flux can be accounted for by the IC
scattering of the CMB photons (EIC) under the assumptions of a relatively
strong boosting and of an energy distribution of the relativistic electrons as
that expected from shock acceleration mechanisms. The X-ray properties of the
hot spot are consistent with a SSC model. In all cases we find that the
inferred magnetic field strength are lower, but close to the equipartition
values. The constraints on the energy distribution of the relativistic
electrons, imposed by the X-ray spectra of the observed features, are
discussed. To this aim we derive in the Appendices precise semi--analytic
formulae for the emissivities due to the SSC and EIC processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114066 </DOCNO>
Hollow density channels and transport in a laser irradiated plasma slab


  A three dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulation describing the interaction of
an intense laser beam with a plasma slab is presented. It is observed that the
laser generated electron current decays into magnetically isolated filaments.
The filaments grow in scale and magnitude by a merging process in the course of
which the field topology changes. The opposite process also takes place
occasionally. The laser driven charge and energy flows and the reconnecting
magnetic field mutually interact. At the end of the merging process flows and
fields are confined close to the laser irradiated surface of the plasma slab.
Both decay rapidly in the bulk plasma. Due to the magnetic pressure in the
filaments hollow density channels in the electron and ion densities are formed.
The simulation reveals that charge flows in these channels can exceed the
Alfven current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128440 </DOCNO>
Discovery of 5.16s pulsations from the isolated neutron star RBS 1223


  The isolated neutron star candidate RBS 1223 was observed with the Advanced
CCD Imaging Spectrometer aboard the Chandra X-ray observatory on 2000 June 24.
A timing analysis of the data yielded a periodic modulation with a period
P=5.1571696^(+1.57*10^(-4) -1.36*10^(-4)s. Using ROSAT HRI archived
observations we detected a period P=5.1561274 \pm 4.4*10^(-4)s and determined
period derivative dP/dt=(0.7 - 2.0)*10^(-11) s*s^(-1). The detection of this
period and dP/dt indicates that RBS 12223 has a ``characteristic'' age of
6000-12000 years and huge magnetic field at the surface (B(dipole)~(1.7-
3.2)*10^(+14) G) typical for anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81135 </DOCNO>
On the low fermionic eigenmode dominance in QCD on the lattice


  We demonstrate the utility of a spectral approximation to fermion loop
operators using low-lying eigenmodes of the hermitian Dirac-Wilson matrix, Q.
The investigation is based on a total of 400 full QCD vacuum configurations,
with two degenerate flavors of dynamical Wilson fermions at beta =5.6, at two
different sea quark masses. The spectral approach is highly competitive for
accessing both topological charge and disconnected diagrams, on large lattices
and small quark masses. We propose suitable partial summation techniques that
provide sufficient saturation for estimating Tr Q^{-1}, which is related to the
topological charge. In the effective mass plot of the eta' meson we achieved a
consistent early plateau formation, by ground state projecting the connected
piece of its propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169021 </DOCNO>
Entanglement induced by a single-mode heat environment


  A thermal field, which frequently appears in problems of decoherence,
provides us with minimal information about the field. We study the interaction
of the thermal field and a quantum system composed of two qubits and find that
such a chaotic field with minimal information can nevertheless entangle the
qubits which are prepared initially in a separable state. This simple model of
a quantum register interacting with a noisy environment allows us to understand
how memory of the environment affects the state of a quantum register.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74114 </DOCNO>
Constrained Standard Model from Extra Dimension


  A five dimensional supersymmetric model is constructed which reduces to the
one Higgs-doublet standard model at low energies. The radiative correction to
the Higgs potential is finite and calculable, allowing the Higgs mass
prediction of 127 \pm 8 GeV. The physical reasons for this finiteness are
discussed in detail. The masses of the superparticles and the Kaluza-Klein
excitations are also predicted. The lightest superparticle is a top squark of
mass 197 \pm 20 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5797 </DOCNO>
Fractionalization in an Easy-axis Kagome Antiferromagnet


  We study an antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 model with up to third
nearest-neighbor couplings on the Kagome lattice in the easy-axis limit, and
show that its low-energy dynamics are governed by a four site XY ring exchange
Hamiltonian. Simple ``vortex pairing'' arguments suggest that the model
sustains a novel fractionalized phase, which we confirm by exactly solving a
modification of the Hamiltonian including a further four-site interaction. In
this limit, the system is a featureless ``spin liquid'', with gaps to all
excitations, in particular: deconfined S^z=1/2 bosonic ``spinons'' and Ising
vortices or ``visons''. We use an Ising duality transformation to express vison
correlators as non-local strings in terms of the spin operators, and calculate
the string correlators using the ground state wavefunction of the modified
Hamiltonian. Remarkably, this wavefunction is exactly given by a kind of
Gutzwiller projection of an XY ferromagnet. Finally, we show that the
deconfined spin liquid state persists over a finite range as the additional
four-spin interaction is reduced, and study the effect of this reduction on the
dynamics of spinons and visons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127265 </DOCNO>
An eclipsing millisecond pulsar with a possible main-sequence companion


  We present the results of one year of pulse timing observations of PSR
J1740-5340, an eclipsing millisecond pulsar located in the globular cluster NGC
6397. We have obtained detailed orbital parameters and a precise position for
the pulsar. The radio pulsar signal shows frequent interactions with the
atmosphere of the companion, and suffers significant and strongly variable
delays and intensity variations over a wide range of orbital phases. These
characteristics and the binary parameters indicate that the companion may be a
bloated main-sequence star or the remnant (still filling its Roche lobe) of the
star that spun up the pulsar. In both cases, this would be the first binary
millisecond pulsar system with such a companion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128819 </DOCNO>
On the association of G343.1-2.3 and PSR 1706-44


  The observations of the supernova remnant G343.1-2.3 with the Mauritius Radio
Telescope, the Australia Compact Array, and the Hobart Single dish are
presented. With these more sensitive measurements the association with the
pulsar PSR1706-44 becomes much more likely. The major points from the
observations are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99016 </DOCNO>
The Stationary Maxwell-Dirac Equations


  The Maxwell-Dirac equations are the equations for electronic matter, the
"classical" theory underlying QED. In this article we examine the stationary
Maxwell-Dirac equations under weak regularity and decay assumptions.
  We prove that:
  There are no embedded eigenvalues in the essential spectrum, $-m\leq E\leq
m$.
  If $|E|< m$ then the Dirac field components (and their derivatives) decay
exponentially at spatial infinity.
  If $E|=m$ then the system is "asymptotically" static and decays exponentially
if the total charge is non-zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87022 </DOCNO>
Is Quantum Einstein Gravity Nonperturbatively Renormalizable?


  We find considerable evidence supporting the conjecture that four-dimensional
Quantum Einstein Gravity is ``asymptotically safe'' in Weinberg's sense. This
would mean that the theory is likely to be nonperturbatively renormalizable and
thus could be considered a fundamental (rather than merely effective) theory
which is mathematically consistent and predictive down to arbitrarily small
length scales. For a truncated version of the exact flow equation of the
effective average action we establish the existence of a non-Gaussian
renormalization group fixed point which is suitable for the construction of a
nonperturbative infinite cutoff-limit. The truncation ansatz includes the
Einstein-Hilbert action and a higher derivative term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127093 </DOCNO>
Million solar mass black holes at high redshift


  The existence of quasars at redshift z > 5 indicates that supermassive black
holes were present since the very early times. If they grew by accretion, the
seeds of mass ~ 10^5 Msun must have formed at z ~ 9. These seed black holes may
result from the collapse and dissipation of primordial gas during the early
stages of galaxy formation. I discuss the effects of magnetic fields on the
fragmentation of cold gas clouds embedded into a hot diffuse phase and a
virialized dark matter halo. The field of 10^-4 G ejected by supernova remnants
can halt cloud break-up at 10^4 Msun. High star formation rates keep the clouds
partially ionized, making ambipolar diffusion inefficient. The
magnetically-supported clouds collapse into black holes, which later spiral via
dynamical friction into a central cluster with the total mass Mbh ~ 6 10^6
Msun. As the cluster collapses, the black holes merge emitting gravitational
radiation that should be detectable by LISA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128308 </DOCNO>
Plasma Diagnostics in High-Resolution X-ray Spectra of Magnetic


  Using the Chandra HETG spectrum of EX Hya as an example, we discuss some of
the plasma diagnostics available in high-resolution X-ray spectra of magnetic
cataclysmic variables. Specifically, for conditions appropriate to collisional
ionization equilibrium plasmas, we discuss the temperature dependence of the H-
to He-like line intensity ratios and the density and photoexcitation dependence
of the He-like R line ratios and the Fe XVII I(17.10 A)/I(17.05 A) line ratio.
We show that the plasma temperature in EX Hya spans the range from ~ 0.5 to ~
10 keV and that the plasma density n > 2E14 cm^{-3}, orders of magnitude
greater than that observed in the Sun or other late-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3813 </DOCNO>
Disorder Driven Critical Behavior of Periodic Elastic Media in a Crystal


  We study a lattice model of a three-dimensional periodic elastic medium at
zero temperature with exact combinatorial optimization methods. A competition
between pinning of the elastic medium, representing magnetic flux lines in the
mixed phase of a superconductor or charge density waves in a crystal, by
randomly distributed impurities and a periodic lattice potential gives rise to
a continuous phase transition from a flat phase to a rough phase. We determine
the critical exponents of this roughening transition via finite size scaling
obtaining $\nu\approx1.3$, $\beta\approx0.05$, $\gamma/\nu\approx2.9$ and find
that they are universal with respect to the periodicity of the lattice
potential. The small order parameter exponent is reminiscent of the random
field Ising critical behavior in 3$d$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5838 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio design of perovskite alloys with predetermined properties: The


  A first-principles derived approach is combined with the inverse Monte Carlo
technique to determine the atomic orderings leading to prefixed properties in
Pb(Sc_{0.5}Nb_{0.5})O_{3} perovskite alloy. We find that some arrangements
between Sc and Nb atoms result in drastic changes with respect to the
disordered material, including ground states of new symmetries, large
enhancement of electromechanical responses, and considerable shift of the Curie
temperature. We discuss the microscopic mechanisms responsible for these
unusual effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83810 </DOCNO>
Modelling Semantic Association and Conceptual Inheritance for Semantic


  Allowing users to interact through language borders is an interesting
challenge for information technology. For the purpose of a computer assisted
language learning system, we have chosen icons for representing meaning on the
input interface, since icons do not depend on a particular language. However, a
key limitation of this type of communication is the expression of articulated
ideas instead of isolated concepts. We propose a method to interpret sequences
of icons as complex messages by reconstructing the relations between concepts,
so as to build conceptual graphs able to represent meaning and to be used for
natural language sentence generation. This method is based on an electronic
dictionary containing semantic information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75821 </DOCNO>
QCD_2 in the axial gauge revisited


  The 't Hooft model for the two-dimensional QCD in the limit of infinite
number of colours is studied in the axial gauge. The mass-gap and the
bound-state equations are derived using the two consequent Bogoliubov-like
transformations. Chiral properties of the model are studied in the Hamiltonian
and matrix approaches to the latter. Special attention is payed to the explicit
pionic solution of the bound-state equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97840 </DOCNO>
Funk Metrics and R-Flat Sprays


  The well-known Funk metric F(x,y) is projectively flat with constant flag
curvature K=-1/4 and the Hilbert metric H(x,y):=(F(x,y)+F(x,-y))/2 is
projectively flat with constant curvature K=-1. These metrics are the special
solutions to Hilbert's Fourth Problem. In this paper, we construct a
non-trivial R-flat spray using the Funk metric. It is then an inverse problem
in the calculus of variation to find a Finsler metric that induces the R-flat
spray. We find an explicit solution to this inverse problem and obtain a
non-trivial projectively flat Finsler metric with K=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129124 </DOCNO>
An empirical method to estimate the LMC distance using B-stars in


  We present a new method to determine the distance to B-stars in eclipsing
binary systems. The method is completely empirical, and it is based on the
existence of a very tight linear relationship between the V-band ``zero
magnitude angular diameter'' and the Stroemgren colour index c1 for B-stars; we
have empirically calibrated this relationship using local single B-stars with
accurate angular diameters, and B-stars in eclipsing binaries with precise
radii and parallax determinations. By studying the differential behaviour of
this relationship as predicted by theoretical stellar evolution models, we find
that it is independent of the stellar metallicities for a range of [Fe/H]
values between the solar one and that of young stars in the Magellanic Clouds.
The method, which also provides the value of the reddening to the system, is
discussed in detail, together with a thorough estimate of the associated
errors. We conclude that accurate Stroemgren photometry obtainable with 1.5
m-class telescopes of the LMC eclipsing binaries HV 2274 and HV 982 will allow
to obtain an empirical LMC distance with an accuracy of the order of 0.13 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3233 </DOCNO>
The Random Fuse Network as a Dipolar Magnet


  We introduce an approximate mapping between the random fuse network (RFN) and
a random field dipolar Ising model (RFDIM). The state of the network damage is
associated with a metastable spin configuration. A mean-field treatment,
numerical solutions, and heuristic arguments support the broad validity of the
approximation and yield a generic phase diagram. At low disorder, the growth of
a single unstable `crack' leads to an abrupt global failure. Beyond a critical
disorder, the conducting network sustains significant damage before the
coalescence of cracks results in global failure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97891 </DOCNO>
A Class of Exactly-Solvable Eigenvalue Problems


  The class of differential-equation eigenvalue problems
$-y''(x)+x^{2N+2}y(x)=x^N Ey(x)$ ($N=-1,0,1,2,3,...$) on the interval
$-\infty<x<\infty$ can be solved in closed form for all the eigenvalues $E$ and
the corresponding eigenfunctions $y(x)$. The eigenvalues are all integers and
the eigenfunctions are all confluent hypergeometric functions. The
eigenfunctions can be rewritten as products of polynomials and functions that
decay exponentially as $x\to\pm \infty$. For odd $N$ the polynomials that are
obtained in this way are new and interesting classes of orthogonal polynomials.
For example, when N=1, the eigenfunctions are orthogonal polynomials in $x^3$
multiplying Airy functions of $x^2$. The properties of the polynomials for all
$N$ are described in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41467 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of pi e -> pi e gamma Pion Virtual Compton Scattering


  Pion Virtual Compton Scattering (VCS) via the reaction pi e --> pi e gamma
was observed in the Fermilab E781 SELEX experiment. SELEX used a 600 GeV/c pi-
beam incident on target atomic electrons, detecting the incident pi- and the
final state pi-, electron and gamma. Theoretical predictions based on chiral
perturbation theory are incorporated into a Monte Carlo simulation of the
experiment and are compared to the data. The number of reconstructed events (9)
and their distribution with respect to the kinematic variables (for the
kinematic region studied) are in reasonable accord with the predictions. The
corresponding pi- VCS experimental cross section is sigma=38.8+-13 nb, in
agreement with the theoretical expectation sigma=34.7 nb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97399 </DOCNO>
On a nonlinear compactness lemma in L^p(0,T;B)


  We consider a nonlinear counterpart of a compactness lemma of J. Simon, which
arises naturally in the study of doubly nonlinear equations of
elliptic-parabolic type. Our work was motivated by previous results J. Simon,
recently sharpened by H. Amann, in the linear setting, and by a nonlinear
compactness argument of H.W. Alt and S. Luckhaus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84032 </DOCNO>
Virtual Laboratory: Enabling On-Demand Drug Design with the World Wide


  Computational Grids are emerging as a popular paradigm for solving
large-scale compute and data intensive problems in science, engineering, and
commerce. However, application composition, resource management and scheduling
in these environments is a complex undertaking. In this paper, we illustrate
the creation of a virtual laboratory environment by leveraging existing Grid
technologies to enable molecular modeling for drug design on distributed
resources. It involves screening millions of molecules of chemical compounds
against a protein target, chemical database (CDB) to identify those with
potential use for drug design. We have grid-enabled the molecular docking
process by composing it as a parameter sweep application using the Nimrod-G
tools. We then developed new tools for remote access to molecules in CDB small
molecule database. The Nimrod-G resource broker along with molecule CDB data
broker is used for scheduling and on-demand processing of jobs on distributed
grid resources. The results demonstrate the ease of use and suitability of the
Nimrod-G and virtual laboratory tools.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168019 </DOCNO>
An Entangled Tale of Quantum Entanglement


  This paper gives an overview from the perspective of Lie group theory of some
of the recent advances in the rapidly expanding research area of quantum
entanglement.
  This paper is a written version of the last of eight one hour lectures given
in the American Mathematical Society (AMS) Short Course on Quantum Computation
held in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of the AMS in Washington, DC, USA
in January 2000.
  More information about the AMS Short Course can be found at
http://www.csee.umbc.edu/~lomonaco/ams/Announce.html

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148800 </DOCNO>
A possible way to relate the "covariantization" and the negative


  In this work we present a possible way to relate the method of covariantizing
the gauge dependent pole and the negative dimensional integration method for
computing Feynman integrals pertinent to the light-cone gauge fields. Both
techniques are applicable to the algebraic light-cone gauge and dispense with
prescriptions to treat the characteristic poles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98448 </DOCNO>
Manifolds of algebraic elements in the algebra L(H) of bounded linear


  Given a complex Hilbert space H, we study the differential geometry of the
manifold A of normal algebraic elements in Z=L(H), the algebra of bounded
linear operators on H. We represent A as a disjoint union of subsets M of Z
and, using the algebraic structure of Z, a torsionfree affine connection
$\nabla$ (that is invariant under the group G= Aut (Z) of automorphisms of Z)
is defined on each of these connected components and the geodesics are
computed. In case M consists of elements that have a fixed finite rank r,
(0<r<\infty), G-invariant Riemann and K\"ahler structures are defined on M
which in this way becomes a totally geodesic symmetric holomorphic manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124510 </DOCNO>
Stellar populations in the nuclear regions of nearby radiogalaxies


  We present optical spectra of the nuclei of seven luminous (P(178MHz) >
10**25 W Hz**(-1) Sr**(-1)) nearby (z<0.08) radiogalaxies, which mostly
correspond to the FR II class. In two cases, Hydra A and 3C 285, the Balmer and
4000A break indices constrain the spectral types and luminosity classes of the
stars involved, revealing that the blue spectra are dominated by blue
supergiant and/or giant stars. The ages derived for the last burst of star
formation in Hydra A are between 7 and 40 Myr, and in 3C 285 about 10 Myr. The
rest of the narrow-line radiogalaxies (four) have 4000A break and metallic
indices consistent with those of elliptical galaxies. The only broad-line
radiogalaxy in our sample, 3C 382, has a strong featureless blue continuum and
broad emission lines that dilute the underlying blue stellar spectra. We are
able to detect the Ca II triplet in absorption in the seven objects, with good
quality data for only four of them. The strengths of the absorptions are
similar to those found in normal elliptical galaxies, but these values are both
consistent with single stellar populations of ages as derived from the Balmer
absorption and break strengths, and, also, with mixed young+old populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5099 </DOCNO>
Computational Complexity in Physics


  This is a brief review paper summarizing talks at the NATO school on
Complexity and Large Deviations in Geilo, Norway, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2811 </DOCNO>
Surface and Image-Potential States on the MgB_2(0001) Surfaces


  We present a self-consistent pseudopotential calculation of surface and
image-potential states on $MgB_2(0001)$ for both $B$-terminated ($B-t$) and
$Mg$-terminated ($Mg-t$) surfaces. We find a variety of very clear surface and
subsurface states as well as resonance image-potential states n=1,2 on both
surfaces. The surface layer DOS at $E_F$ is increased by 55% at $B-t$ and by
90% at the $Mg-t$ surface compared to DOS in the corresponding bulk layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75093 </DOCNO>
Spin Physics in the Resonance Region


  Recent results from Jefferson Lab on measurement of inclusive double
polarization asymmetries in the nucleon resonance region are discussed.
Preliminary results on the first moment of the structure function g_1(x,Q^2)
for protons, and on the generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral for neutrons
are presented as well. The first moment for protons shows a strong Q^2
dependence below Q^2 = 1 GeV^2, and changes sign near Q^2 = 0.3 GeV^2. Strong
double polarization asymmetries are observed in exclusive electroproduction of
pions from polarized protons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87212 </DOCNO>
Dual variables and a connection picture for the Euclidean Barrett-Crane


  The partition function of the SO(4)- or Spin(4)-symmetric Euclidean
Barrett-Crane model can be understood as a sum over all quantized geometries of
a given triangulation of a four-manifold. In the original formulation, the
variables of the model are balanced representations of SO(4) which describe the
quantized areas of the triangles. We present an exact duality transformation
for the full quantum theory and reformulate the model in terms of new variables
which can be understood as variables conjugate to the quantized areas. The new
variables are pairs of S^3-values associated to the tetrahedra. These
S^3-variables parameterize the hyperplanes spanned by the tetrahedra (locally
embedded in R^4), and the fact that there is a pair of variables for each
tetrahedron can be viewed as a consequence of an SO(4)-valued parallel
transport along the edges dual to the tetrahedra. We reconstruct the parallel
transport of which only the action of SO(4) on S^3 is physically relevant and
rewrite the Barrett-Crane model as an SO(4) lattice BF-theory living on the
2-complex dual to the triangulation subject to suitable constraints whose form
we derive at the quantum level. Our reformulation of the Barrett-Crane model in
terms of continuous variables is suitable for the application of various
analytical and numerical techniques familiar from Statistical Mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124716 </DOCNO>
What next for the Likely Pre-Supernova, HD 179821?


  We have used the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Millimeter Array to obtain a
map of the J = (1-0) CO emission from the circumstellar shell around HD 179821,
a highly evolved G-type star which will probably explode as a supernova in the
next 100,000 yr. Very approximately, the gas presents as a circular ring with
azimuthal variations in the CO brightness by about a factor of 2. Until about
1600 years ago, the star was a red hypergiant losing about 0.0003 M(Sun)/yr at
an average outflow speed of 32 km/s. We propose that when HD 179821 explodes as
a supernova, it may resemble Kepler's supernova remnant and thus some of the
anisotropies in supernova remnants may be intrinsic. If the factors which cause
the anisotropic mass loss in HD 179821 persist to the moment when the star
explodes as a supernova, the newly-born pulsar may receive a momentum "kick"
leading to a space motion near 700 km/s. Independent of the angular
asymmetries, the radially detached shell around HD 179821 may be representative
of environments which produce dust echoes from gamma-ray bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81212 </DOCNO>
Comparison of finite-size-scaling functions for 3d O(N) spin models to


  We calculate numerically universal finite-size-scaling functions of the
magnetization for the three-dimensional O(4) and O(2) spin models. The approach
of these functions to the infinite-volume scaling functions is studied in
detail on the critical and pseudocritical lines. For this purpose we determine
the pseudocritical line in two different ways. We find that the asymptotic form
of the finite-size-scaling functions is already reached at small values of the
scaling variable. A comparison with QCD lattice data for two flavours of
staggered fermions shows a similar finite-size behaviour which is compatible
with that of the spin models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73885 </DOCNO>
Transverse Resummation for Direct Photon Production


  Quantum Chromodynamics predicts radiative terms which, at low transverse
momentum of an observed multi-particle system, can be large enough to threaten
the legitimacy of a fixed-order perturbative treatment. We present a
subtraction-style calculation which sums these terms to all orders for a direct
photon plus jet final state, and show that the kinematic effect of such a
resummation is significant even after integration over the jet. An improved
matching algorithm is prescribed for the transition to the perturbative regime,
and re-examination of the nonperturbative regime indicates that simple Gaussian
parametrizations are to be favored, with coefficients that depend not on the
photon-jet mass, but on the color structure of the initiated subprocess.
Agreement with data is significantly improved, and the method is expected to
have applicability in general for processes with steeply-falling spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76569 </DOCNO>
pQCD at the Kinematical Boundary of its Applicability


  I examines the applicability and possible need for a re-formulation of pQCD,
as we know it, in the DIS limit of small $Q^2$ and $x$. Gluon saturation,
implied by s-channel unitarity, and its possible experimental signatures are
critically assessed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2441 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition in Compact QED(3) and the Josephson Junction


  We study the finite temperature phase transition in 2+1 dimensional compact
QED and its dual theory: Josephson junction. Duality of these theories at zero
temperature was established long time ago by Hosotani. Phase transition in
compact QED is well studied and we employ the `duality' to study the
superconductivity phase transition in a Josephson junction. For a thick
junction we obtain a critical temperature in terms of the geometrical
properties of the junction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 280 </DOCNO>
Single-Crystal High-Frequency EPR Investigation of a Tetranuclear


  A high-frequency (95 GHz) EPR study is reported on single crystals of the
planar tetranuclear complex Fe4(OCH3)6(dpm)6 (where Hdpm = dipivaloylmethane),
which has been previously shown to present typical single-molecule magnet
behaviour. The spectra, all originating from the S = 5 ground state, possess
quasi-axial symmetry along the normal to the plane defined by the four Fe(III)
ions. The measured spectra are shown to belong to three different structural
variations of the compound, resulting from disorder in the ligands around two
of the Fe(III) ions. Accurate values could be obtained for the second- and
fourth-order crystal field parameters related to the parallel EPR-spectra,
while the other parameters could be determined only for the dominant species.
The separation between individual lines is decreasing and vanishing with
increasing temperature. This effect is attributed to the contribution of fast
relaxing excited states, whose population is varying with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95731 </DOCNO>
On J-conservative scattering system realization in several variables


  We prove that an arbitrary function, which is holomorphic on some
neighbourhood of z=0 in $\mathbb{C}^N$ and vanishes at z=0, whose values are
bounded linear operators mapping one separable Hilbert space into another one,
can be represented as the transfer function of some multiparametric discrete
time-invariant conservative scattering linear system with a Krein space of its
inner states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75329 </DOCNO>
QCD Sum Rules for Heavy Flavour Physics


  Uses of QCD sum rules for heavy flavoured hadrons are discussed. "Standard"
applications such as the determination of the $b$, $c$ quark masses, the
calculation of $f_B$, $f_D$ and of the heavy-to-light form factors are
overviewed. Furthermore, a new approach to calculate the $B\to \pi\pi$ hadronic
matrix elements from QCD light-cone sum rules is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169458 </DOCNO>
A generalization of the Fenyes-Nelson stochastic model of quantum


  It is shown that the stochastic model of Fenyes and Nelson can be generalized
in such a way that the diffusion constant of the Markov theory becomes a free
parameter. This extra freedom allows one to identify quantum mechanics with a
class of Markov processes with diffusion constants varying from zero to
infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1983 </DOCNO>
Efficient index handling of multidimensional periodic boundary


  An efficient method is described to handle mesh indexes in multidimensional
problems like numerical integration of partial differential equations, lattice
model simulations, and determination of atomic neighbor lists. By creating an
extended mesh, beyond the periodic unit cell, the stride in memory between
equivalent pairs of mesh points is independent of their position within the
cell. This allows to contract the mesh indexes of all dimensions into a single
index, avoiding modulo and other implicit index operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97757 </DOCNO>
Strict model structures for pro-categories


  We show that C if is a proper model category, then the pro-category pro-C has
a strict model structure in which the weak equivalences are the levelwise weak
equivalences. The strict model structure is the starting point for many
homotopy theories of pro-objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125425 </DOCNO>
The Physics of Cluster Mergers


  Clusters of galaxies generally form by the gravitational merger of smaller
clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the
Universe since the Big Bang. Some of the basic physical properties of mergers
will be discussed, with an emphasis on simple analytic arguments rather than
numerical simulations. Semi-analytic estimates of merger rates are reviewed,
and a simple treatment of the kinematics of binary mergers is given. Mergers
drive shocks into the intracluster medium, and these shocks heat the gas and
should also accelerate nonthermal relativistic particles. X-ray observations of
shocks can be used to determine the geometry and kinematics of the merger. Many
clusters contain cooling flow cores; the hydrodynamical interactions of these
cores with the hotter, less dense gas during mergers are discussed. As a result
of particle acceleration in shocks, clusters of galaxies should contain very
large populations of relativistic electrons and ions. Electrons with Lorentz
factors gamma~300 (energies E = gamma m_e c^2 ~ 150 MeV) are expected to be
particularly common. Observations and models for the radio, extreme
ultraviolet, hard X-ray, and gamma-ray emission from nonthermal particles
accelerated in these mergers are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148834 </DOCNO>
Note on Quantum Diffeomorphism Invariance, Physical States and Unitarity


  Recently, using a local action satisfying the Wess-Zumino condition as a
kinetic term of the conformal mode, we formulated a four-dimensional quantum
geometry (4DQG). The conformal mode can be treated exactly, and it was shown
that the part of the effective action related to this mode is given by the
scale-invariant non-local Riegert action. As for the traceless mode, we
introduce dimensionless coupling, which is a unique gravitational coupling of
this theory satisfying the conditions of renormalizability and asymptotic
freedom. Although this theory is asymptotically free, the physical states are
non-trivial, which should be described as composite fields, like the spectrum
of 2DQG. The possibility that the physical state conditions representing
background-metric independence conceal ghosts is pointed out. The usual
graviton state would be realized when the physical state condition breaks down
dynamically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2297 </DOCNO>
Local Dynamics and Strong Correlation Physics I: 1D and 2D Half-filled


  We report on a non-perturbative approach to the 1D and 2D Hubbard models that
is capable of recovering both strong and weak-coupling limits. We first show
that even when the on-site Coulomb repulsion, U, is much smaller than the
bandwith, the Mott-Hubbard gap never closes at half-filling in both 1D and 2D.
Consequently, the Hubbard model at half-filling is always in the
strong-coupling non-perturbative regime. For both large and small U, we find
that the population of nearest-neighbour singlet states approaches a value of
order unity as $T\to 0$ as would be expected for antiferromagnetic order. We
also find that the double occupancy is a smooth monotonic function of U and
approaches the anticipated non-interacting limit and large U limits. Finally,
in our results for the heat capacity in 1D differ by no more than 1% from the
Bethe ansatz predictions. In addition, we find that in 2D, the heat capacity vs
T for different values of U exhibits a universal crossing point at two
characteristic temperatures as is seen experimentally in a wide range of
strongly-correlated systems such as $^3He$, $UBe_3$, and $CeCu_{6-x}Al_x$. The
success of this method in recovering well-established results that stem
fundamentally from the Coulomb interaction suggests that local dynamics are at
the heart of the physics of strongly correlated systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127104 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical consequences of diquark formation on the surface of


  Compactness of some stars is explained if they are strange stars (SS) as
shown by Dey et al.(1998) (D98) and Li et al. (1999a,b). In D98, a realistic
potential was used in a Fock mean field approximation within Dirac
phenomenology, thereby simplifying the spinorial structure of the quarks. Using
the plane wave states for the beta equilibrated u, d and s quark Fermi seas
from D98 and the conventional spin dependent force between these quarks, we now
find energy lowering in some specific spin-aligned states. This is a short
range pairing between quarks of different flavours and may lower the energy by
several $MeV$ for each diquark pair.
  The accretion driven X-ray and $\gamma$ ray bursts in compact objects are
believed to be due to thermonuclear or some other explosions which are short
lived. These may in fact destroy the spin alignment of the quarks if these
stars are SS. The subsequent alignment and production of copious diquark
pairing may produce sufficient energy to produce recurrent very long bursts
seen in some such stars. The long time involved in these processes, we claim,
is due to the weak interactions which are responsible for the equilibration of
strange quark matter. In such a the case the elusive properties of some of the
most massive objects in nature, the compact stars, can be accounted for by spin
alignment of pairs of the smallest components of matter, - namely the quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40929 </DOCNO>
Recent Results From CLEO on D0-D0Bar Mixing, CP Violation in D0 Decays,


  We present preliminary results of several analyses searching for the effects
of CP violation and mixing in the decay of $D^0$ mesons. We find no evidence of
CP asymmetry in five different two-body decay modes of the $D^0$ to pairs of
light pseudo-scalar mesons: $A_{CP}(K^+ K^-) = (+0.05 \pm 2.18 \pm 0.84)% $,
$A_{CP}(\pi^+ \pi^-) = (+2.0 \pm 3.2 \pm 0.8)% $, $A_{CP}(K^0_{\rm S} \pi^0) =
(+0.1 \pm 1.3)%$, $A_{CP}(\pi^0 \pi^0) = (+0.1 \pm 4.8)%$, and $A_{CP}(K^0_{\rm
S} K^0_{\rm S}) = (-23 \pm 19)%$. We present the first measurement of the rate
of wrong-sign $D^0 \to K^+ \pi^- \pi^0$ decay: $R = 0.0043^{+0.0011}_{-0.0010}
\pm 0.0007$. We also describe a measurement of the mixing parameter $y_{CP}=
{\Delta\Gamma\over 2 \Gamma}$ by searching for a lifetime difference between
the CP neutral $K^{-}\pi^{+}$ final state and the CP even $K^+K^-$ and
$\pi^+\pi^-$ final states. Under the assumption that CP is conserved we find
$y_{CP} = -0.011 \pm 0.025 \pm 0.014$. Finally, we present our measurement of
the \dstarp width: $96 \pm 4 \pm 22$~k$e$V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123613 </DOCNO>
The Calar Alto Deep Imaging Survey: K-band Galaxy Number Counts


  We present K-band number counts for the faint galaxies in the Calar Alto Deep
Imaging Survey (CADIS). We covered 4 CADIS fields, a total area of 0.2deg^2, in
the broad band filters B, R and K. We detect about 4000 galaxies in the K-band
images, with a completeness limit of K=19.75mag, and derive the K-band galaxy
number counts in the range of 14.25 < K < 19.75mag. This is the largest medium
deep K-band survey to date in this magnitude range. The B- and R-band number
counts are also derived, down to completeness limits of B=24.75mag and
R=23.25mag. The K-selected galaxies in this magnitude range are of particular
interest, since some medium deep near-infrared surveys have identified breaks
of both the slope of the K-band number counts and the mean B-K color at
K=17\sim18mag. There is, however, a significant disagreement in the K-band
number counts among the existing surveys. Our large near-infrared selected
galaxy sample allows us to establish the presence of a clear break in the slope
at K=17.0mag from dlogN/dm = 0.64 at brighter magnitudes to dlogN/dm = 0.36 at
the fainter end. We construct no-evolution and passive evolution models, and
find that the passive evolution model can simultaneously fit the B-, R- and
K-band number counts well. The B-K colors show a clear trend to bluer colors
for K > 18mag. We also find that most of the K=18-20mag galaxies have a B-K
color bluer than the prediction of a no-evolution model for an L_* Sbc galaxy,
implying either significant evolution, even for massive galaxies, or the
existence of an extra population of small galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98081 </DOCNO>
How to Quantize Phases and Moduli!


  A typical classical interference pattern of two waves with intensities I_1,
I_2 and relative phase phi = phi_2-phi_1 may be characterized by the 3
observables p = sqrt{I_1 I_2}, p cos\phi and -p sin\phi. They are, e.g. the
starting point for the semi-classical operational approach by Noh, Fougeres and
Mandel (NFM) to the old and notorious phase problem in quantum optics.
Following a recent group theoretical quantization of the symplectic space S =
{(phi in R mod 2pi, p > 0)} in terms of irreducible unitary representations of
the group SO(1,2) the present paper applies those results to that controversial
problem of quantizing moduli and phases of complex numbers: The Poisson
brackets of the classical observables p cos\phi, -p sin\phi and p > 0 form the
Lie algebra of the group SO(1,2). The corresponding self-adjoint generators
K_1, K_2 and K_3 of that group may be obtained from its irreducible unitary
representations. For the positive discrete series the modulus operator K_3 has
the spectrum {k+n, n = 0, 1,2,...; k > 0}. Self-adjoint operators for cos phi
and sin phi can be defined as ((1/K_3)K_1 + K_1/K_3)/2 and -((1/K_3)K_2 +
K_2/K_3)/2 which have the theoretically desired properties for k > or = 0.5.
The approach advocated here solves, e.g. the modulus-phase quantization problem
for the harmonic oscillator and appears to provide a full quantum theoretical
basis for the NFM-formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72854 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative corrections to the Drell-Yan transverse momentum


  We study nonperturbative corrections to the transverse momentum distribution
of vector bosons in the Drell-Yan process. Factorizing out the Sudakov effects
due to soft gluons we express their contribution to the distribution in the
form of the vacuum averaged Wilson loop operator. We calculate the
nonperturbative contribution to the Sudakov form factor using the expansion of
the Wilson loop over vacuum fields supplemented with the expression for
nonlocal gauge invariant field strength correlator. Although the Wilson loop is
defined in an essentially Minkowski kinematics, the part of the nonperturbative
contribution depending on the invariant mass of the produced vector bosons is
governed by asymptotics of the correlator at large space-like (Euclidean)
separations and therefore can be calculated using conventional nonperturbative
methods. Applying the results of lattice calculations we found that the
obtained expression for the nonperturbative power corrections is in qualitative
agreement with known phenomenological expressions at large transverse momenta
and deviate from them at small transverse momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124225 </DOCNO>
Identification of the 4486,4504A emission lines in O-type spectra


  Inspired by an appeal to the community from Walborn (these proceedings) we
decided to solve the long-standing problem concerning the nature of the
4486,4504A emission lines, which are frequently observed in O-type spectra and
which are particularly prominent in supergiants. We claim that these lines
emerge from sulfur, namely by de-excitation of a highly excited S IV doublet
state. We prove this by an exploratory NLTE calculation with a detailed model
atom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 502 </DOCNO>
Stochastic gradient approximation method applied to Hubbard model


  The two-dimensional Hubbard model is studied using the variational quantum
Monte Carlo technique with Gutzwiller-type variational wave functions. In
addition to the simple one-site correlated Gutzwiller wave function, we use a
form with correlation between electrons on nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor
sites. We show that the stochastic gradient approximation method suits very
well for the optimization of the free parameters of the variational wave
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86631 </DOCNO>
Faster-than-c signals, special relativity, and causality


  Motivated by the recent attention on superluminal phenomena, we investigate
the compatibility between faster-than-c propagation and the fundamental
principles of relativity and causality. We first argue that special relativity
can easily accommodate -- indeed, does not exclude -- faster-than-c signalling
at the kinematical level. As far as causality is concerned, it is impossible to
make statements of general validity, without specifying at least some features
of the tachyonic propagation. We thus focus on the Scharnhorst effect
(faster-than-c photon propagation in the Casimir vacuum), which is perhaps the
most plausible candidate for a physically sound realization of these phenomena.
We demonstrate that in this case the faster-than-c aspects are ``benign'' and
constrained in such a manner as to not automatically lead to causality
violations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3009 </DOCNO>
Radiation of neutron stars and the nature of quasars


  We find a new mechanism of neutron star radiation wherein thermally excited
helical waves of vortices in the superfluid core of a rotating neutron star
produce its radiation spectrum. We find that neutron stars with a superfluid
core of bosons (bosonic stars) are powerful sources of radio waves, their
radiation spectrum is not Planck's and similar to the spectrum observed from a
class of quasi-stellar objects known as red blazars. We argue that bosonic
stars constitute some part of blazar population. We find that radiated power
produced by vortices can be comparable with the energy losses due to neutrino
emission, which so far is considered as the most efficient mechanism of a
neutron star cooling at high temperatures. The existence of blazars serves as a
strong evidence of neutron stars with a superfluid Bose condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72934 </DOCNO>
Evolution equation for the structure function g_2(x,Q^2)


  We perform an extensive study of the scale dependence of flavor-singlet
contributions to the structure function g_2(x,Q^2) in polarized deep-inelastic
scattering. We find that the mixing between quark-antiquark-gluon and
three-gluon twist-3 operators only involves the three-gluon operator with the
lowest anomalous dimension and is weak in other cases. This means, effectively,
that only those three-gluon operators with the lowest anomalous dimension for
each moment are important, and allows to formulate a simple two-component
parton-like description of g_2(x,Q^2) in analogy with the conventional
description of twist-2 parton distributions. The similar simplification was
observed earlier for the nonsinglet distributions, although the reason is in
our case different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86134 </DOCNO>
Global Structure of Certain Static Spacetimes (I)


  In this paper, static spacetimes with a topological structure of R^2 \times N
is studied, where N is an arbitrary manifold. Well known Schwarzschild
spacetime and Reissner-Nordstrom spacetime are special cases. It is shown that
the existence of a constant and positive surface gravity $\kappa$ ensures the
existence of the Killing horizon, with the cross section homeomorphic to N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179694 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Study of the $^3$He($\mu^-$,$\nu_\mu$)$^3$H Capture


  The $^3$He($\mu^-$,$\nu_\mu$)$^3$H weak capture is studied using
correlated-hyperspherical-harmonics wave functions, obtained from realistic
Hamiltonians consisting of the Argonne $v_{14}$ or Argonne $v_{18}$
two-nucleon, and Tucson-Melbourne or Urbana-IX three-nucleon interactions. The
nuclear weak charge and current operators have vector and axial-vector
components that include one- and two-body contributions. The strength of the
leading two-body operator in the axial-vector current is adjusted to reproduce
the Gamow-Teller matrix element in tritium $\beta$-decay. The calculated total
capture rate is in excellent agreement with the most recent experimental
determination $1496\pm 4$ sec$^{-1}$, when the PCAC value is adopted for the
induced pseudo-scalar coupling constant $g_{PS}$. The predictions for the
capture rate and angular correlation parameters $A_v$, $A_t$, and $A_\Delta$
are found to be only very weakly dependent on the model input Hamiltonian. The
variation of these observables with $g_{PS}$ and the theoretical uncertainties
deriving from the model-dependent procedure used to constrain the axial current
are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113430 </DOCNO>
Some Limit Theorems for Linear Oscillators with Noise in the


  Some limit theorems are proven for the linear oscillator with random
coefficients. The asymptotic behaviour of the moments is studied in detail. The
technique presented in this paper can be applied to general linear systems with
noise and is well suited for the investigation of stochastic beam dynamics in
accelerators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41067 </DOCNO>
Determination of the b Quark Mass at the Z Mass Scale


  In hadronic decays of Z bosons recorded with the OPAL detector at LEP, events
containing b quarks were selected using the long lifetime of b flavoured
hadrons. Comparing the 3-jet rate in b events with that in d,u,s and c quark
events, a significant difference was observed. Using Order(alpha_s squared)
calculations for massive quarks, this difference was used to determine the b
quark mass in the MSbar renormalisation scheme at the scale of the Z boson
mass. By combining the results from seven different jet finders the running b
quark mass was determined to be mb(MZ) = (2.67 +/- 0.03(stat) +0.29/-0.37(syst)
+/- 0.19(theo.)) GeV. Evolving this value to the b quark mass scale itself
yields mb(mb) = (3.95 +0.52/-0.62) GeV, consistent with results obtained at the
b quark production threshold. This determination confirms the QCD expectation
of a scale dependent quark mass. A constant mass is ruled out by 3.9 standard
deviations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149206 </DOCNO>
The large M limit of Non-Commutative Open Strings at strong coupling


  Two dimensional Non-Commutative Open String (NCOS) theory, well-defined
perturbatively, may also be studied at strong coupling and for large D-string
charge by making use of the Holographic duality. We analyze the zero mode
dynamics of a closed string in the appropriate background geometry and map the
results onto a sector of strongly coupled NCOS dynamics. We find an elaborate
classical picture that shares qualitative similarities with the SL(2,R) WZW
model. In the quantum problem, we compute propagators and part of the energy
spectrum of the theory; the latter involves interesting variations in the
density of states as a function of the level number, and energies scaling
inversely with the coupling. Finally, the geometry exhibits a near horizon
throat, associated with NCOS dynamics, yet it is found that the whole space is
available for Holography. This provides a setting to extend the Maldacena
duality beyond the near horizon limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96471 </DOCNO>
Decompositions of the Moonshine Module with respect to subVOAs


  In this paper, we give decompositions of the moonshine module $V^{\natural}$
with respect to subVOAs associated to extremal Type II codes over $Z_{2k}$ for
an integer $k\ge2$. Those subVOAs are isomorphic to the tensor product of 24
copies of the charge conjugation orbifold VOA. Using such decompositions, we
obtain some elements of type 4A (k odd) and 2B (k even) of the Monster simple
group Aut$(V^{\natural})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40950 </DOCNO>
Search for the Lepton Number Violating Process nu_mu-bar e^- -> mu^-


  The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has used a sign-selected neutrino beam to
perform a search for the lepton number violating process nu_mu-bar e^- -> mu^-
nu_e-bar, and to measure the cross-section of the Standard Model inverse muon
decay process nu_mu e^- -> mu^- nu_e. NuTeV measures the inverse muon decay
asymptotic cross-section sigma/E to be 13.8 +/- 1.2 +/- 1.4 x 10^-42 cm^2/GeV.
The experiment also observes no evidence for lepton number violation and places
one of the most restrictive limits on the LNV/IMD cross-section ratio at < 1.7%
at 90% C.L. for V-A couplings and < 0.6% for scalar couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95526 </DOCNO>
Linear systems with multiple base points in P2


  Given positive integers $m_1, m_2, ..., m_n$, and $n$ general points $p_i$ of
${\bf CP}^2$, bounds are given for the least degree $t$ among plane curves
passing through each point $p_i$ with multiplicity at least $m_i$, and for the
least $t$ such that the $n$ multiple points impose independent conditions on
curves of degree $t$, often improving substantially what was previously known.
As an application, for certain $m$ and $n$ (which in certain cases can both be
large), the Hilbert function and minimal free resolution are determined for
symbolic powers $I^{(m)}$ for the ideal $I$ defining $n$ general points of
${\bf CP}^2$, in agreement with conjectures made by Nagata, Segre, Harbourne,
Gimigliano and Hirschowitz. With the exception of Evain's determination of the
Hilbert function when $n$ is a power of 4 and Harbourne-Holay-Fitchett's
resulting determination of the resolution when, in addition, $m$ is
sufficiently large, all previous such results assume either $m$ or $n$ is small
(e.g., $m\le 12$ or $n\le 9$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98600 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative martingale transforms


  We prove that non-commutative martingale transforms are of weak type $(1,1)$.
More precisely, there is an absolute constant $C$ such that if $\M$ is a
semi-finite von Neumann algebra and $(\M_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ is an increasing
filtration of von Neumann subalgebras of $\M$ then for any non-commutative
martingale $x=(x_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ in $L^1(\M)$, adapted to
$(\M_n)_{n=1}^\infty$, and any sequence of signs $(\epsilon_n)_{n=1}^\infty$,
$$\left\Vert \epsilon_1 x_1 + \sum_{n=2}^N \epsilon_n(x_n -x_{n-1})
\right\Vert_{1,\infty} \leq C \left\Vert x_N \right\Vert_1 $$ for $N\geq 2$.
This generalizes a result of Burkholder from classical martingale theory to
non-commutative setting and answers positively a question of Pisier and Xu. As
applications, we get the optimal order of the UMD-constants of the Schatten
class $S^p$ when $p \to \infty$. Similarly, we prove that the UMD-constant of
the finite dimensional Schatten class $S_n^{1}$ is of order $\log(n+1)$. We
also discuss the Pisier-Xu non-commutative Burkholder-Gundy inequalities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98460 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic Multivariate Descartes' Rule


  Let L be any number field or $\mathfrak{p}$-adic field and consider
F:=(f_1,...,f_k) where f_i is in L[x_1,...,x_n]\{0} for all i and there are
exactly m distinct exponent vectors appearing in f_1,...,f_k. We prove that F
has no more than 1+(cmn(m-1)^2 log m)^n geometrically isolated roots in L^n,
where c is an explicit and effectively computable constant depending only on L.
This gives a significantly sharper arithmetic analogue of Khovanski's Theorem
on Fewnomials and a higher-dimensional generalization of an earlier result of
Hendrik W. Lenstra, Jr. for the case of a single univariate polynomial. We also
present some further refinements of our new bounds and briefly discuss the
complexity of finding isolated rational roots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75439 </DOCNO>
Energy Independent Solution to the Solar Neutrino Anomaly including the


  The global data on solar neutrino rates and spectrum, including the SNO
charged current rate, can be explained by LMA, LOW or the energy independent
solution -- corresponding to near-maximal mixing. All the three favour a mild
upward renormalisation of the Cl rate. A mild downward shift of the $B$
neutrino flux is favoured by the energy independent and to a lesser extent the
LOW solution, but not by LMA. Comparison with the ratio of SK elastic and SNO
charged current scattering rates favours the LMA over the other two solutions,
but by no more than $1.5\sigma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98534 </DOCNO>
Inverse Scattering, the Coupling Constant Spectrum, and the Riemann


  We use inverse scattering methods, generalized for a specific class of
complex potentials, to construct a one parameter family of complex potentials
V(s, r) which have the property that the zero energy s-wave Jost function, as a
function of s alone, is identical to Riemann's $\xi$ function whose zeros are
the non-trivial zeros of the zeta function. These potentials have an asymptotic
expansion in inverse powers of s(s-1) with real coefficients V_n(r) which are
explicitly calculated. We show that the validity of the Riemann hypothesis
depends essentially on simple integrability properties of the first order
coefficient, V_1(r). In the case studied in this paper, this coefficient does
not satisfy these conditions, but proof of that fact does indicate several
possibilities for proceeding further.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97727 </DOCNO>
Singularities of plurisubharmonic functions and positive closed currents


  This is a survey of results, both classical and recent, on behaviour of
plurisubharmonic functions near their $-\infty$-points and the corresponding
counterparts for positive closed currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74082 </DOCNO>
Relativistic quark models


  The application of relativistic constituent quark models to the evaluation of
the electromagnetic properties of the nucleon and its resonances is addressed.
The role of the pair creation process in the Feynmann triangle diagram is
discussed and the importance both of choosing the light-front formalism and of
using a Breit frame where the plus component of the four-momentum transfer is
vanishing, is stressed. The nucleon elastic form factors are calculated free of
spurious effects related to the loss of rotational covariance. The effect of a
finite constituent size is considered and the parameters describing the
constituent form factors are fixed using only the nucleon data up to Q**2 ~ 1
(GeV/c)**2; a constituent charge radius of ~ 0.45 fm is obtained in this way.
Above Q**2 ~ 1 (GeV/c)**2 our parameter-free predictions are in good agreement
with the experimental data, showing that soft physics may be dominant up to
Q**2 ~ 10 (GeV/c)**2. Our new results for the longitudinal and transverse
helicity amplitudes of the N - P_{11}(1440) transition are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96107 </DOCNO>
Conservation of the noetherianity by perfect transcendental field


  Let $k$ be a perfect field of characteristic $p>0$, $k(t)_{per}$ the perfect
closure of $k(t)$ and $A$ a $k$-algebra. We characterize whether the ring
$A\otimes_k k(t)_{per}$ is noetherian or not. As a consequence, we prove that
the ring $A\otimes_k k(t)_{per}$ is noetherian when $A$ is the ring of formal
power series in $n$ indeterminates over $k$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76512 </DOCNO>
D-brane Standard Model


  The minimal embedding of the Standard Model in type I string theory is
described. The SU(3) color and SU(2) weak interactions arise from two different
collections of branes. The correct prediction of the weak angle is obtained for
a string scale of 6-8 TeV. Two Higgs doublets are necessary and proton
stability is guaranteed. It predicts two massive vector bosons with masses at
the TeV scale, as well as a new superweak interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40987 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Higgs Boson Mass from Borderline Metastability of the


  We have studied imposing the condition that the Standard Model effective
Higgs potential should have two approximately degenerate vacua, such that the
vacuum we live in is just barely metastable: the one in which we live has a
vacuum expectation value of 246 GeV and the other one should have a vacuum
expectation value of order the Planck scale. Alone borderline metastability
gives, using the experimental top quark mass 173.1 \pm 4.6 GeV, the Higgs mass
prediction 121.8 \pm 11 GeV. The requirement that the second minimum be at the
Planck scale already gave the prediction 173\pm 4 GeV for the top quark mass
according to our 1995 paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168145 </DOCNO>
Non-Sequential Behavior of the Wave Function


  An experiment is presented in which the alleged progression of a photon's
wave function is ``measured'' by a row of superposed atoms. The photon's wave
function affects only one out of the atoms, regardless of its position within
the row, thereby manifesting not only non-local but also non-sequential
characteristics. It also turns out that, out of n atoms, each one has a
probability which is higher than the normal 1/n to be the single affected one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72575 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry and the Intrinsic Structure of the Nucleon


  Understanding hadron structure within the framework of QCD is an extremely
challenging problem. In order to solve it, it is vital that our thinking should
be guided by the best available insight. Our purpose here is to explain the
model independent consequences of the approximate chiral symmetry of QCD for
two famous results concerning the structure of the nucleon. We show that both
the apparent success of the constituent quark model in reproducing the ratio of
the proton to neutron magnetic moments and the apparent success of the Foldy
term in reproducing the observed charge radius of the neutron are coincidental.
That is, a relatively small change of the current quark mass would spoil both
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98346 </DOCNO>
Spin Representations of the q-Poincare Algebra


  The spin of particles on a non-commutative geometry is investigated within
the framework of the representation theory of the q-deformed Poincare algebra.
An overview of the q-Lorentz algebra is given, including its representation
theory with explicit formulas for the q-Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. The
vectorial form of the q-Lorentz algebra (Wess), the quantum double form
(Woronowicz), and the dual of the q-Lorentz group (Majid) are shown to be
essentially isomorphic. The construction of q-Minkowski space and the
q-Poincare algebra is reviewed. The q-Euclidean sub-algebra, generated by
rotations and translations, is studied in detail. The results allow for the
construction of the q-Pauli-Lubanski vector, which, in turn, is used to
determine the q-spin Casimir and the q-little algebras for both the massive and
the massless case. Irreducible spin representations of the q-Poincare algebra
are constructed in an angular momentum basis, accessible to physical
interpretation. It is shown how representations can be constructed,
alternatively, by the method of induction. Reducible representations by
q-Lorentz spinor wave functions are considered. Wave equations on these spaces
are found, demanding that the spaces of solutions reproduce the irreducible
representations. As generic examples the q-Dirac equation and the q-Maxwell
equations are computed explicitly and their uniqueness is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124182 </DOCNO>
Theoretical predictions on the clustering of SCUBA galaxies and


  This paper investigates the clustering properties of SCUBA-selected galaxies
in the framework of a unifying scheme relating the formation of QSOs and
spheroids (Granato et al. 2000). The theoretical angular correlation function
is derived for different bias functions, corresponding to different values of
the ratio $M_{\rm halo}/M_{\rm sph}$ between the mass of the dark halo and the
final mass in stars. SCUBA sources are predicted to be strongly clustered, with
a clustering strength increasing with mass. We show that the model accounts for
the clustering of Lyman-break Galaxies, seen as the optical counterpart of low-
to intermediate-mass primeval spheroidal galaxies and is also consistent with
the observed angular correlation function of Extremely Red Objects. Best
agreement is obtained for $M_{\rm halo}/M_{\rm sph}=100$. We also consider the
implications for small scale fluctuations observed at sub-mm wavelengths by
current or forthcoming experiments aimed at mapping the Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB). The predicted amplitude of the clustering signal in the 350
GHz channel of the Planck mission strongly depends on the halo-to-bulge mass
ratio and may be of comparable amplitude to primary CMB anisotropies for
multipole numbers $l\simgt 50$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73517 </DOCNO>
Quark/gluon content of eta(1295) and eta(1440)


  The quark/gluon content of eta(1295) and eta(1440) mesons is discussed,
mesons being considered as members of the first radial excitation 2^1S_0 qqbar
nonet. Recent results on eta(1295) and eta(1440) two-photon widths from L3
together with the information on radiative J/Psi decay allow one to evaluate
the eta(1295)/eta(1440) mixing angle and the admixture of the glueball
component. We found that eta(1440) is dominantly non-strange qqbar state, with
a possible admixture of the glueball component (20 pm 20)%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126609 </DOCNO>
The formation of black hole low-mass X-ray binaries: through case B or


  The formation of low-mass X-ray binaries containing a rather massive (M >~ 7
\msun) black hole is problematic because in most recent stellar evolutionary
calculations the immediate progenitors of these black holes (Wolf-Rayet stars)
lose so much mass via their stellar wind that their final masses are well below
the observed black hole masses. We discuss the recently proposed solution that
these binaries are formed through case C mass transfer (i.e. mass transfer
after core helium burning is completed), avoiding a long Wolf-Rayet phase and
thus significant mass loss. We show that only some of the currently available
models for the evolution of massive stars allow this formation channel. We also
investigate the effect of the downward revised Wolf-Rayet mass-loss rate as is
suggested by observations, and conclude that in that case Wolf-Rayet stars end
their lives with significantly higher masses than previously found and may be
able to form a black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98260 </DOCNO>
The Decomposition Theorem and the Intersection Cohomology of Quotients


  This paper applies the decomposition theorem in intersection cohomology to
geometric invariant theory quotients, relating the intersection cohomology of
the quotient to that of the semistable points for the action.
  Suppose a connected reductive complex algebraic group $G$ acts linearly on a
complex projective variety $X$. We prove that if $1 \to N \to G \to H \to 1$ is
a short exact sequence of connected reductive groups, and $X^{ss}$ the set of
semistable points for the action of $N$ on $X$, then the $H$-equivariant
intersection cohomology of the geometric invariant theory quotient $X^{ss}//N$
is a direct summand of the $G$-equivariant intersection cohomology of $X^{ss}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81189 </DOCNO>
Families index theory for Overlap lattice Dirac operator. I


  The index bundle of the Overlap lattice Dirac operator over the orbit space
of lattice gauge fields is introduced and studied. Obstructions to the
vanishing of gauge anomalies in the Overlap formulation of lattice chiral gauge
theory have a natural description in this context. Our main result is a formula
for the topological charge (integrated Chern character) of the index bundle
over even-dimensional spheres in the orbit space. It reduces under suitable
conditions to the topological charge of the usual (continuum) index bundle in
the classical continuum limit (this is announced and sketched here; the details
will be given in a forthcoming paper). Thus we see that topology of the index
bundle of the Dirac operator over the gauge field orbit space can be captured
in a finite-dimensional lattice setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98802 </DOCNO>
Thinning genus two Heegaard spines in the 3-sphere


  We study trivalent graphs in $S^{3}$ whose closed complement is a genus two
handlebody. We show that such a graph, when put in thin position, has a simple
(i. e. non-loop) level edge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75603 </DOCNO>
Selectron Pair Production in Electron-Electron-Scattering


  We investigate pair production of selectrons in electron-electron-scattering
with subsequent decay into an electron and the LSP including ISR and
beamstrahlung. This process can be used at a linear collider to measure the
selectron masses and the gaugino mass parameter M_1 very precisely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7555 </DOCNO>
Series Expansions for Variable Electron Density


  We have developed a series expansion method for calculating the
zero-temperature properties of lattice electron models for variable electron
density, i.e. for finite doping away from the half-filled case. This is done by
introducing particle fluctuation terms in both the unperturbed Hamiltonian and
perturbation. The method is demonstrated by application to the 2-chain $t-J$
ladder, where we provide comparison with previous work as well as obtaining a
number of new results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5609 </DOCNO>
Volatility driven market in a generalised Lotka Voltera formalism


  The Generalized Lotka Voltera (GLV) formalism has been introduced in order to
explain the power law distributions in the individual wealth (w_i (t)) (Pareto
law) and financial markets returns (fluctuations) (r) as a result of the
auto-catalytic (multiplicative random) character of the individual capital
dynamics.
  As long as the multiplicative random factor (lambda) is extracted from the
same probability distribution for all the individuals, the exponent of the
power laws turns out to be independent on the time variations of the average
(<lambda >). This explains also the stability over the past century of
experimentally measured Pareto exponent.
  In contrast to the scaling properties of the single time ("unconditional")
probability distributions, the (auto-)correlations between observables measured
at different times are not correctly reproduced by the original GLV, if the
variance (sigma^2) of $\lambda$ is time independent. In the GLV formalism the
volatility (r^2) auto-correlations decay exponentially while the measurements
in real markets indicate a power law with a very small exponent.
  We show in the present paper that by making the variance of the individual
wealth changes (sigma^2) a function of the market volatility <r^2>, one
correctly reproduces the market volatility long range correlations. Moreover,
we show that this non-trivial feedback loop between the market price volatility
and the variance of the investors wealth leads to non-trivial patterns in the
overall market trends. If the feedback is too strong, it may even endanger the
market stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127002 </DOCNO>
The transition from a cool disk to an ion supported flow


  We show that the inner regions of a cool accretion disk in an X-ray binary
can transform into an advective, ion supported accretion flow (an optically
thin ADAF, here called ISAF), through events involving only the known
properties of the Coulomb interaction in a two-temperature plasma, standard
radiation processes, and viscous heating. The optically thin inner edge of the
disk is heated to a few 100 keV by the strong flux of hot ions from the
surrounding hot ISAF. We show that he resident ions in this `warm' disk are
thermally unstable due to internal viscous heating, and heat up to their virial
temperature. The innermost disk regions thus evaporate and feed the ISAF. These
processes are demonstrated with time dependent calculations of a
two-temperature plasma in vertical hydrostatic equilibrium, including heating
by external ions, internal proton--electron energy exchange, and viscous
heating. The process complements the `coronal' evaporation mechanism which
operates at larger distances from the central object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1039 </DOCNO>
Electronic theory for superconductivity in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$: triplet


  Using a two-dimensional Hubbard Hamiltonian for the three electronic bands
crossing the Fermi level in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ we calculate the band structure and
spin susceptibility $\chi({\bf q}, \omega)$ in quantitative agreement with
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS)
experiments. The susceptibility has two peaks at {\bf Q}$_i = (2\pi/3, 2\pi/3)$
due to the nesting Fermi surface properties and at {\bf q}$_i = (0.6\pi, 0)$
due to the tendency towards ferromagnetism. Applying spin-fluctuation exchange
theory as in layered cuprates we determine from $\chi({\bf q}, \omega)$,
electronic dispersions, and Fermi surface topology that superconductivity in
Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ consists of triplet pairing. Combining the Fermi surface topology
and the results for $\chi({\bf q}, \omega)$ we can exclude $s-$ and $d-$wave
symmetry for the superconducting order parameter. Furthermore, within our
analysis and approximations we find that $f$-wave symmetry is slightly favored
over p-wave symmetry due to the nesting properties of the Fermi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4327 </DOCNO>
Fluids of platelike particles near a hard wall


  Fluids consisting of hard platelike particles near a hard wall are
investigated using density functional theory. The density and orientational
profiles as well as the surface tension and the excess coverage are determined
and compared with those of a fluid of rodlike particles. Even for low densities
slight orientational packing effects are found for the platelet fluid due to
larger intermolecular interactions between platelets as compared with those
between rods. A net depletion of platelets near the wall is exhibited by the
excess coverage, whereas a change of sign of the excess coverage of hard-rod
fluids is found upon increasing the bulk density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74768 </DOCNO>
Dark Energy and the Preposterous Universe


  A brief review is offered of the theoretical background concerning dark
energy: what is required by observations, what sort of models are being
considered, and how they fit into particle physics and gravitation.
Contribution to the SNAP (SuperNova Acceleration Probe) Yellow Book.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75879 </DOCNO>
Quasi particles in hot QCD


  We show at very high temperature how the behaviour of the spatial 't Hooft
loop in the QCD plasma is simply related to the chromo electric flux of the
gluons. This simple picture is vindicated by a systematic quasi classical
approach. The spatial Wilson loop 's behaviour is computed by a similar nearly
free plasma of magnetic quasiparticles. This model predicts unambiguously
ratios of multiply charged Wilson loops. Recent simulations confirm these
predictions accurately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2418 </DOCNO>
Delocalization border and onset of chaos in a model of quantum


  We study the properties of spectra and eigenfunctions for a chain of $1/2-
$spins (qubits) in an external time-dependent magnetic field, and under the
conditions of non-selective excitation (when the amplitude of the magnetic
field is large). This model is known as a possible candidate for experimental
realization of quantum computation. We present the theory for finding
delocalization transition and show that for the interaction between nearest
qubits, the transition is very different from that to quantum chaos. We explain
this phenomena by showing that in the considered region of parameters our model
is close to an integrable one. According to a general opinion, the threshold
for the onset of quantum chaos due to the interqubit interaction decreases with
an increase of the number of qubits. Contrary to this expectation, for a
magnetic field with constant gradient we have found that chaos border does not
depend on the number of qubits. We give analytical estimates which explain this
effect, together with numerical data supporting our analysis. Random models
with long-range interactions are studied as well. In particular, we show that
in this case the delocalization and quantum chaos borders coincide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 314 </DOCNO>
C-axis Optical Sum Rule in Josephson Coupled Vortex State


  Observed violations of the $c$-axis optical sum rule can give important
information on deviations from in-plane Fermi liquid behavior and on the nature
of interlayer coupling between adjacent copper oxide planes. Application of a
magnetic field perpendicular to these planes is another way to probe in-plane
dynamics. We find that the optical sum rule is considerably modified in the
presence of the $c$-axis magnetic field. Interlayer correlation of pancake
vortices is involved in the sum rule modification; however, details of the
vortex distribution in the plane are less important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6746 </DOCNO>
Effect of impurities on quasi-2D quantum antiferromagnet


  We have studied the static and dynamic properties of quasi-two-dimensional
quantum antiferromagnets (AF) diluted with spinless impurities using spin-wave
theory and $T$-matrix approximation. We show that the spectrum of a 2D AF at
long wavelengths is overdamped at arbitrary concentration of spinless
impurities. The scattering leads to a new length scale $\ell/a \sim
e^{\pi/4x}$, $x$ being impurity concentration and $a$ the lattice spacing,
beyond which the influence of impurities on the spectrum is dominant. Although
the dynamical properties are significantly modified we show that 2D is not the
lower critical dimension for this problem. Thus, in low-dimensional systems
with disorder the connection between static and dynamic quantities is not
straightforward. Our results are in quantitative agreement with the recent
Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data for $S=1/2$, S=1, and $S=5/2$. We
have also proposed experiments which can further test the results of our
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124248 </DOCNO>
Computer simulations of interferometric imaging with the VLT


  We present computer simulations of interferometric imaging with the Very
Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) of the European Southern Observatory
(ESO) and the Astronomical MultiBEam Recombiner (AMBER) phase-closure
instrument. These simulations include both the astrophysical modelling of a
stellar object by radiative transfer calculations and the simulation of light
propagation from the object to the detector (through atmosphere, telescopes,
and the AMBER instrument), simulation of photon noise and detector read-out
noise, and finally data processing of the interferograms. The results show the
dependence of the visibility error bars on the following observational
parameters: different seeing during the observation of object and reference
star (Fried parameters r_0,object and r_0,ref ranging between 0.9m and 1.2m),
different residual tip-tilt error (delta_tt,object and delta_tt,ref ranging
between 0.1% and 20% of the Airy disk diameter), and object brightness
(K_object=0.7mag to 10.2mag, K_ref=0.7mag). Exemplarily, we focus on stars in
late stages of stellar evolution and study one of its key objects, the dusty
supergiant IRC+10420 that is rapidly evolving on human timescales. We show
computer simulations of VLT interferometry (visibility and phase closure
measurements) of IRC+10420 with two and three Auxiliary Telescopes (ATs; AMBER
wide-field mode, i.e. without fiber optics spatial filters) and discuss whether
the visibility accuracy is sufficient to distinguish between different
theoretical model predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126315 </DOCNO>
New developments in the GALPROP CR propagation model


  The GALPROP cosmic-ray (CR) propagation model has been extended to three
dimensions including the effects of stochastic SNR sources, a comprehensive
cross-section database, and nuclear reaction networks. A brief description of
the new code is given and some illustrative results for the distribution of CR
protons presented. Results for electrons and gamma rays are given in an
accompanying paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2721 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics and the description of the early universe I.:


  We analyze how the thermal history of the universe is influenced by the
statistical description, assuming a deviation from the usual Bose-Einstein,
Fermi-Dirac and Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution functions. These deviations
represent the possible appearance of non-extensive effects related with the
existence of long range forces, memory effects, or evolution in fractal or
multi-fractal space. In the early universe, it is usually assumed that the
distribution functions are the standard ones. Then, considering the evolution
in a larger theoretical framework will allow to test this assumption and to
place limits to the range of its validity. The corrections obtained will change
with temperature, and consequently, the bounds on the possible amount of
non-extensivity will also change with time. We generalize results which can be
used in other contexts as well, as the Boltzmann equation and the Saha law, and
provide an estimate on how known cosmological bounds on the masses of neutrinos
are modified by a change in the statistics. We particularly analyze here the
recombination epoch, making explicit use of the chemical potentials involved in
order to attain the necessary corrections. All these results constitute the
basic tools needed for placing bounds on the amount of non-extensivity that
could be present at different eras and will be later used to study primordial
nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167991 </DOCNO>
Foundations of Probability and Physics, Round table


  We present the summary of the general discussion on the probabilistic
foundations of quantum theory that took place during the round table at the
Int. Conf. "Foundations of Probability and Physics", V\"axj\"o, Sweden-2000. It
is possible to find at http://www.msi.vxu.se/aktuellt/konferens/Roundtable.html
continuation of this Round Table. You can send your contribution by Email to A.
Khr. (subject: Round Table).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74068 </DOCNO>
On the total cross section extrapolations to cosmic-ray energies


  We analyze $pp$ total cross section data from accelerator to cosmic-ray
energies and show that the experimental information presently available
indicate two different scenarios at the highest energies. One of them
accommodates the predictions of the majority of models and the other one shows
agreement with a multiple diffraction model recently developed and improved. We
argue that these results may bring a kind of warning against some possible
precipitated attempts to constraint cosmic-ray estimations from analyzes of
accelerator data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41112 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Results from LEP and SLC and Tests of the Standard Model


  An update of the electroweak measurements at LEP and SLC is presented. These
measurements are used to perform precise tests of the Standard Model. A
constraint on the Standard Model Higgs mass is obtained when the direct
measurements of $m_{top}$ and $M_W$ are included in the fit. A combination with
the direct Higgs search is also shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 662 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanical relaxation of open quasiperiodic systems


  We study the time evolution of the survival probability $P(t)$ in open
one-dimensional quasiperiodic tight-binding samples of size $L$, at critical
conditions. We show that it decays algebraically as $P(t)\sim t^{-\alpha}$ up
to times $t^*\sim L^{\gamma}$, where $\alpha = 1-D_0^E$, $\gamma=1/D_0^E$ and
$D_0^E$ is the fractal dimension of the spectrum of the closed system. We
verified these results for the Harper model at the metal-insulator transition
and for Fibonacci lattices. Our predictions should be observable in propagation
experiments with electrons or classical waves in quasiperiodic superlattices or
dielectric multilayers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 370 </DOCNO>
Twist-averaged Boundary Conditions in Continuum Quantum Monte Carlo


  We develop and test Quantum Monte Carlo algorithms which use a``twist'' or a
phase in the wave function for fermions in periodic boundary conditions. For
metallic systems, averaging over the twist results in faster convergence to the
thermodynamic limit than periodic boundary conditions for properties involving
the kinetic energy with the same computational complexity. We determine
exponents for the rate of convergence to the thermodynamic limit for the
components of the energy of coulomb systems. We show results with twist
averaged variational Monte Carlo on free particles, the Stoner model and the
electron gas using Hartree-Fock, Slater-Jastrow, three-body and backflow
wavefunction. We also discuss the use of twist averaging in the grand canonical
ensemble, and numerical methods to accomplish the twist averaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1487 </DOCNO>
Localization transition in the Mermin model


  We study the dynamical properties of the Mermin model, a simple quantum
dissipative model with a monochromatic environment, using analytical and
numerical methods. Our numerical results show that the model exhibits a second
order phase transition to a localized state before which the system is
effectively decoupled from the environment. In contrast to the spin-boson
model, the Mermin model exhibits an ``orthogonality catastrophe,'' defining the
critical point, before dissipation has destroyed all coherent behavior. An
analytic approach based on the Liouvillian technique, though successful in
describing the phase diagram of spin-boson and related models, fails to capture
this essential feature of the Mermin model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5138 </DOCNO>
Field-Induced Order and Magnetization Plateaux in Frustrated


  We argue that collinearly ordered states which exist in strongly frustrated
spin systems for special rational values of the magnetization are stabilized by
thermal as well as quantum fluctuations. These general predictions are tested
by Monte Carlo simulations for the classical and Lanczos diagonalization for
the S=1/2 frustrated square-lattice antiferromagnet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1018 </DOCNO>
Reflectionless tunneling in planar Nb/GaAs hybrid junctions


  Reflectionless-tunneling was observed in Nb/GaAs superconductor/semiconductor
junctions fabricated through a two-step procedure. First, periodic
$\delta$-doped layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy near the GaAs
surface, followed by an As cap layer to protect the surface during {\it
ex-situ} transfer. Second, Nb was deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering onto the
GaAs(001) 2 $\times$ 4 surface {\it in-situ} after thermal desorption of the
cap layer. The magnetotransport behavior of the resulting hybrid junctions was
successfully analyzed within the random matrix theory of phase-coherent Andreev
transport. The impact of junction morphology on reflectionless tunneling and
the applicability of the fabrication technique to the realization of complex
superconductor/semiconductor mesoscopic systems are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87289 </DOCNO>
Forces in Nonlinear Media


  I investigate the properties of forces on bodies in theories governed by the
generalized Poisson equation div[mu(abs(grad_phi))grad_phi]=G rho, for the
potential phi produced by a distribution of sources rho. This equation
describes, inter alia, media with a response coefficient, mu, that depends on
the field strength, such as in nonlinear, dielectric, or diamagnetic, media;
nonlinear transport problems with field-strength dependent conductivity or
diffusion coefficient; nonlinear electrostatics, as in the Born-Infeld theory;
certain stationary potential flows in compressible fluids, in which case the
forces act on sources or obstacles in the flow. The expressions for the force
on a point charge is derived exactly for the limits of very low and very high
charge. The force on an arbitrary body in an external field of asymptotically
constant gradient, E, is shown to be F=QE, where Q is the total effective
charge of the body. The corollary Q=0 implies F=0 is a generalization of
d'Aembert's paradox. I show that for G>0 (as in Newtonian gravity) two point
charges of the same (opposite) sign still attract (repel) each other. The
opposite is true for G<0. I discuss the generalization of this to extended
bodies, and derive virial relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74620 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle production and perturbative QCD


  The perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is quite successful in the
description of main features of multiparticle production processes. Ten most
appealing characteristics are described in this brief review talk and compared
with QCD predictions. The general perturbative QCD approach is demonstrated and
its problems are discussed. It is shown that the analytical calculations at the
parton level with the low-momentum cut-off reproduce experimental data on the
hadronic final state surprisingly accurately even though the perturbative
expansion parameter is not very small. Moreover, the perturbative QCD has been
able not only to {\it describe} the existing data but also to {\it predict}
many new bright qualitative phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75806 </DOCNO>
Balance Functions, Correlations, Charge Fluctuations and Interferometry


  Connections between charge balance functions, charge fluctuations and
correlations are presented. It is shown that charge fluctuations can be
directly expressed in terms of a balance functions under certain assumptions.
The distortion of charge balance functions due to experimental acceptance is
discussed and the effects of identical boson interference is illustrated with a
simple model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3868 </DOCNO>
First-Principles Approach to Electrorotation Assay


  We have presented a theoretical study of electrorotation assay based on the
spectral representation theory. We consider unshelled and shelled spheroidal
particles as an extension to spherical ones. From the theoretical analysis, we
find that the coating can change the characteristic frequency at which the
maximum rotational angular velocity occurs. The shift in the characteristic
frequency is attributed to a change in the dielectric properties of the
bead-coating complex with respect to those of the uncoated particles. By
adjusting the dielectric properties and the thickness of the coating, it is
possible to obtain good agreement between our theoretical predictions and the
assay data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149751 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Similarities of the dS/CFT and Ads/CFT Correspondences


  The dS/CFT correspondence differs from its AdS/CFT counterpart in some ways,
yet is strikingly similar to it in many others. For example, both involve CFTs
defined on connected spaces (despite the fact that the conformal boundary of
deSitter space is not connected), and both impose constraints on scalar masses
(Strominger's bound for deSitter, and the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound for
Anti-deSitter). We argue that these similarities can be explored and exploited
using a slight extension of the Euclidean approach to AdS/CFT. The methods are
particularly compatible with Hull's embedding of deSitter Space in a timelike
T-dual version of M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75211 </DOCNO>
The high energy cosmic ray spectrum from relic particle decay


  It has been speculated that the recently detected ultra-high energy cosmic
rays may originate from the decays of relic particles with mass of order
$10^{12}$ GeV clustered in the halo of our Galaxy. This hypothesis can be
tested through forthcoming measurements of the spectra of both high energy
cosmic nucleons and neutrinos, which are determined in this model by the
physics of QCD fragmentation, with no astrophysical uncertainties. We evolve
fragmentation spectra measured at LEP energies up to the scale of the decaying
particle mass by numerical solution of the DGLAP equations. This enables
incorporation of the effects of supersymmetry on the development of the cascade
and we also allow for decays into many-particle states. The calculated spectral
shape agrees well with present cosmic ray data beyond the
Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114512 </DOCNO>
A Study of Polycarbonyl Compounds in Magnegases


  In this paper we study the structure and thermochemical properties of some
new polycarbonyl compounds, with particular attention devoted to the study of
(CO)$_n$ complexes, which are expected to be present in magnegases^TM. The
latter are anomalous gases produced by Hadronic Reactors^TM of molecular type
[2] (Patented and International Patents Pending) which expose atoms to the
extremely intense electronmagnetic fields existing at atomic distances from
electric arcs in such a way to create a toroidal distribution of the orbitals
of individual atoms, whether isolated or part of a valence bond. Polarized
atoms, dimers and molecules then attract each other via opposing magnetic
polarities resulting into stable clusters which constitute a new chemical
species called Santilli's magnecules [2]. Some of the numerous open problems in
the study of this intriguing new chemical species are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149310 </DOCNO>
Localized Wavepacket for Noncommutative Linear Motion


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced.
This paper is withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5285 </DOCNO>
Detachment of molecular motors under tangential loading


  We introduce a general framework to study the processivity of molecular
motors moving along a polar filament and discuss the average time spent
attached to the filament as a function of a tangentially applied load. Our
study of specific models suggests that the attachment time of a motor decreases
with increasing ATP concentration and that double-headed motors such as
kinesins lose their processivity under forcing conditions while processive
single-headed motors are less sensitive to tangential forcing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98416 </DOCNO>
The Orevkov invariant of an affine plane curve


  We show that although the fundamental group of the complement of an algebraic
affine plane curve is not easy to compute, it possesses a more accessible
quotient, which we call the Orevkov invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99066 </DOCNO>
Near identity transformations for the Navier-Stokes equations


  The Navier-Stokes equations and their various approximations can be described
in terms of near identity maps, that are diffusive particle path
transformations of physical space. The active velocity is obtained from the
diffusive path transformation and a virtual velocity using the Weber formula.
The active vorticity is obtained from the diffusive path transformation and a
virtual vorticity using a Cauchy formula. The virtual velocity and the virtual
vorticity obey diffusive equations, which reduce to passive advection formally,
if the viscosity is zero. Apart from being proportional to the viscosity, the
coefficients of these diffusion equations involve second derivatives of the
near identity transformation and are related to the Christoffel coefficients.
If and when the near-identity transformation departs excessively from the
identity, one resets the calculation. Lower bounds on the minimum time between
two successive resettings are given in terms of the maximum enstrophy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76078 </DOCNO>
Extraction of gamma


  After a brief look at the well-known standard approaches to determine the
angle gamma of the unitarity triangle, we focus on two kinds of strategies,
employing $B\to\pi K$ modes, and U-spin-related B decays. Interesting
"puzzles", which may already be indicated by the present B-factory data, are
pointed out, and the importance of the extraction of hadronic parameters, which
are provided by these strategies as by-products, is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127520 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen 21-Centimeter Emission from a Galaxy at Cosmological Distance


  We have detected the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) emission line at a
cosmologically significant distance (z=0.18) in the rich galaxy cluster Abell
2218 with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. The HI emission originates
in a spiral galaxy 2.0 megaparsecs from the cluster core. No other significant
detections have been made in the cluster, suggesting that the mechanisms that
remove neutral gas from cluster galaxies are efficient. We infer that fewer
than three gas-rich galaxies were accreted by Abell 2218 over the past 10^9
years. This low accretion rate is qualitatively consistent with low-density
cosmological models in which clusters are largely assembled at z>1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85669 </DOCNO>
Bosonic string - Kaluza Klein theory exact solutions using 5D-6D


  We present the explicit formulae which allow to transform the general
solution of the 6D Kaluza--Klein theory on a 3--torus into the special solution
of the 6D bosonic string theory on a 3--torus as well as into the general
solution of the 5D bosonic string theory on a 2--torus. We construct a new
family of the extremal solutions of the 3D chiral equation for the
SL(4,R)/SO(4) coset matrix and interpret it in terms of the component fields of
these three duality related theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4216 </DOCNO>
Spin polarization in a two-dimensional electron gas


  We evaluate the charge and longitudinal spin response functions of a
two-dimensional electron gas with $e^2/r$ interactions in an arbitrary state of
spin polarization, using a structurally self-consistent approach to treat
exchange and correlations. From the results we assess the nature of the
magnetic order in the electronic ground state in zero magnetic field as a
function of electron density. We find that states of partial spin polarization
are thermodynamically unstable at all values of the coupling strength and that
a first-order phase transition occurs with increasing coupling strength from
the magnetically disorderd (paramagnetic) phase to the fully spin-polarized
(ferromagnetic) phase. This behavior is in qualitative agreement with diffusion
Monte Carlo data, although the location of the phase transition is
underestimated in our calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123355 </DOCNO>
Disk-locking and the presence of slow rotators among solar-type stars in


  The simultaneous presence of both the so-called `ultra-fast rotators' and
slowly rotating stars among the solar-type stars ($\sim 0.6-1.2 M_{\odot}$) in
the same young star clusters has been a puzzle in the field of stellar
rotation. No model to date has been able to explain both by a single mechanism
intrinsic to the star and questions about the appropriate initial conditions
for models often complicate the problem.
  In this paper, using the same starting conditions for the models that we used
in examining the origin of the ultra-fast rotators in young star clusters, we
show that the slowest rotators demand an extrinsic mechanism. Assuming that
this mechanism is a disk-star interaction, we determine that a disk-locking
timescale of a few Myr must operate for this type of star. If, instead of
allowing (radial) differential rotation, we enforce solid-body rotation, the
models require timescales about two to three times as long.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95660 </DOCNO>
On a character sum problem of H. Cohn


  Let $f$ be a complex valued function on a finite field $F$ such that $f(0) =
0$, $f(1) = 1$, and $|f(x)| = 1$ for $x \neq 0$. Cohn asked if it follows that
$f$ is a nontrivial multiplicative character provided that $\sum_{x \in F} f(x)
\bar{f(x+h)} = -1$ for $h \neq 0$. We prove that this is the case for finite
fields of prime cardinality under the assumption that the nonzero values of $f$
are roots of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2958 </DOCNO>
Absence of spontaneous magnetic order at non-zero temperature in one-


  The Mermin-Wagner theorem is strengthened so as to rule out magnetic
long-range order at T>0 in one- or two-dimensional Heisenberg and XY systems
with long-range interactions decreasing as R^{-alpha} with a sufficiently large
exponent alpha. For oscillatory interactions, ferromagnetic long-range order at
T>0 is ruled out if alpha >= 1 (D=1) or alpha > 5/2 (D=2). For systems with
monotonically decreasing interactions ferro- or antiferromagnetic long-range
order at T>0 is ruled out if alpha >= 2D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41489 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Dijet Production at sqrt(s)=630 and 1800 GeV at the Fermilab


  We report a measurement of the diffractive structure function $F_{jj}^D$ of
the antiproton obtained from a study of dijet events produced in association
with a leading antiproton in $\bar pp$ collisions at $\sqrt s=630$ GeV at the
Fermilab Tevatron. The ratio of $F_{jj}^D$ at $\sqrt s=630$ GeV to $F_{jj}^D$
obtained from a similar measurement at $\sqrt s=1800$ GeV is compared with
expectations from QCD factorization and with theoretical predictions. We also
report a measurement of the $\xi$ ($x$-Pomeron) and $\beta$ ($x$ of parton in
Pomeron) dependence of $F_{jj}^D$ at $\sqrt s=1800$ GeV. In the region
$0.035<\xi<0.095$, $|t|<1$ GeV$^2$ and $\beta<0.5$, $F_{jj}^D(\beta,\xi)$ is
found to be of the form $\beta^{-1.0\pm 0.1} \xi^{-0.9\pm 0.1}$, which obeys
$\beta$-$\xi$ factorization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129210 </DOCNO>
BAIKAL experiment: status report


  We review the present status of the Baikal Neutrino Project and present the
results obtained with the deep underwater neutrino telescope NT-200.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129536 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Parameter Estimation from CMB and X-ray clusters


  We present the results of a combined analysis of cosmic microwave background
(CMB) and X-ray galaxy clusters baryon fraction to deduce constraints over 6 in
flationnary cosmological parameters. Such a combination is necessary for breaki
ng degeneracies inherent to the CMB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6315 </DOCNO>
Dynamical correlation functions expressed in terms of many-particle


  We present the explicit expressions for the (regularised) terms in the
large-epsilon asymptotic series of in particular the self-energy operator
pertaining to arbitrary systems of interacting spin-s fermions in d spatial
dimensions and deduce a variety of exact results concerning the general
properties of this operator. We give especial attention to systems of spin-1/2
fermions in d=3 interacting through the Coulomb potential. [Short Abstract]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129358 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Spectroscopy of Kes75, its Young Pulsar, and its


  We have observed the young Galactic supernova remnant Kes 75 with the Chandra
X-ray Observatory. This object is one of an increasing number of examples of a
shell-type remnant with a central extended radio core harboring a pulsar. Here
we present a preliminary spatially resolved spectroscopic analysis of the
Kes~75 system. We find that the spectrum of the pulsar is significantly harder
than that of the wind nebula, and both of these components can be isolated from
the diffuse thermal emission that seems to follow the same distribution as the
extended radio shell. When we characterize the thermal emission with a model of
an under-ionized plasma and non-solar elemental abundances, we require a
significant diffuse high energy component, which we model as a power-law with a
photon index similar to that of the synchrotron nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75921 </DOCNO>
Effect of massive fields on inflation


  Effects caused by an additional massive scalar field interacting with an
inflaton field are analyzed. Inflation is shown to have two stages, the first
of which is dominant and characterized by ultraslow dynamics of the inflaton
field. Constraints on the model parameters are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125988 </DOCNO>
Universal gas density and temperature profile


  We present an analytic approach to predict gas density and temperature
profiles in dark matter haloes. We assume that the gas density profile traces
the dark matter density profile in outer parts of the haloes, as suggested by
many hydrodynamic simulations. Under this assumption, the hydrostatic
equilibrium uniquely fixes the two free parameters in the model, the
mass-temperature normalization and the polytropic index, that determine the
temperature profile. This enables us to predict a universal gas profile from
any universal dark matter profile. Our results show that gas tracing dark
matter in the outer parts of the haloes is inconsistent with gas being
isothermal; on the contrary, it requires temperature to decrease slowly with
radius, in agreement with observations. We compare our predictions for X-ray
surface brightness profiles of the haloes and the mass-temperature relation
with observations. We find that they are generally in a good agreement. We
compare the universal profile with the beta profile and find that, although the
beta profile gives a reasonable fit to our predicted profiles, the deviation
from it can explain many of the observed trends, once we take into account the
observational selection effects. Our model predicts that the mass-temperature
relation does not follow the self-similar relation because of the
mass-dependent halo concentration. We also predict surface brightness profiles
of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We find that fitted to the beta profile
the core radii and beta inferred from the SZ effect are systematically larger
than those from the X-ray measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99071 </DOCNO>
Degree Bounds in Quantum Schubert Calculus


  Fulton and Woodward have recently identified the smallest degree of $q$ that
appears in the expansion of the product of two Schubert classes in the (small)
quantum cohomology ring of a Grassmannian. We present a combinatorial proof of
this result, and provide an alternative characterization of this smallest
degree in terms of the rim hook formula for the quantum product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87291 </DOCNO>
Time evolution of the linear perturbations of a rotating Newtonian


  We present the results of numerical time evolutions of the linearised
perturbations of rapidly and rigidly rotating Newtonian polytropes while making
the Cowling approximation. The evolution code runs stably for hundreds of
stellar rotations, allowing us to compare our results with previously published
eigenmode calculations, for instance the f-mode calculations of Ipser &
Lindblom, and the r-mode calculations of Karino et al. The mode frequencies
were found to be in agreement within the expected accuracy. We have also
examined the inertial modes recently computed by Lockitch & Friedman, and we
were able to extend their slow-rotation results into the rapid rotation regime.
In the longer term, this code will provide a platform for studying a number of
poorly understood problems in stellar oscillation theory, such as the effect of
differential rotation and gravitational radiation reaction on normal mode
oscillations and, with suitable modifications, mode-mode coupling in the mildly
non-linear regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148551 </DOCNO>
Restoring Lorentz Invariance in Classical N=2 String


  We study classical N=2 string within the framework of the N=4 topological
formalism by Berkovits and Vafa. Special emphasis is put on the demonstration
of a classical equivalence of the theories and the construction of an action
for the N=4 topological string. The SO(2,2) Lorentz invariance missing in the
conventional Brink--Schwarz action for the N=2 string is restored in the N=4
topological action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2204 </DOCNO>
Slow Crossover to Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Scaling


  The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is accepted as a generic description
of interfacial growth. In several recent studies, however, values of the
roughness exponent alpha have been reported that are significantly less than
that associated with the KPZ equation. A feature common to these studies is the
presence of holes (bubbles and overhangs) in the bulk and an interface that is
smeared out. We study a model of this type in which the density of the bulk and
sharpness of the interface can be adjusted by a single parameter. Through
theoretical considerations and the study of a simplified model we determine
that the presence of holes does not affect the asymptotic KPZ scaling.
Moreover, based on our numerics, we propose a simple form for the crossover to
the KPZ regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95455 </DOCNO>
A unifying approach to software and hardware design for scientific


  A unifying approach to software and hardware design generated by ideas of
Idempotent Mathematics is discussed. The so-called idempotent correspondence
principle for algorithms, programs and hardware units is described. A software
project based on this approach is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81426 </DOCNO>
Composite reweighting SU(2) QCD at Finite Temperature


  The Glasgow reweighting method is evaluated for SU(2) lattice gauge theory at
nonzero \mu and finite T. We establish that the ' overlap problem' of SU(3)
measurements, in which the transition points determined from thermodynamic
observables have an unphysical dependence on the value of \mu used in the
reweighting persists for SU(2). By combining the information from different
lattice ensembles we alleviate sampling bias in the fugacity expansion, and
identify the Lee-Yang zeros associated with the transition to a high density
phase that can plausibly be associated with diquark condensation. We also
confirm the existence of a line of first order transitions above a critical
point in the T-\mu plane previously identified by effective chiral lagrangian
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83547 </DOCNO>
Linear-Time Succinct Encodings of Planar Graphs via Canonical Orderings


  Let G be an embedded planar undirected graph that has n vertices, m edges,
and f faces but has no self-loop or multiple edge. If G is triangulated, we can
encode it using {4/3}m-1 bits, improving on the best previous bound of about
1.53m bits. In case exponential time is acceptable, roughly 1.08m bits have
been known to suffice. If G is triconnected, we use at most
(2.5+2\log{3})\min\{n,f\}-7 bits, which is at most 2.835m bits and smaller than
the best previous bound of 3m bits. Both of our schemes take O(n) time for
encoding and decoding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86510 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics, Gravity, and Euclidean Theory


  A review of computations of free energy for Gibbs states on stationary but
not static gravitational and gauge backgrounds is given. On these backgrounds
wave equations for free fields are reduced to eigen-value problems which depend
non-linearly on the spectral parameter. We present a method to deal with such
problems. In particular, we demonstrate how some results of the spectral theory
of second order elliptic operators, such as heat kernel asymptotics, can be
extended to a class of non-linear spectral problems. The method is used to
trace down the relation between the canonical definition of the free energy
based on summation over the modes and the covariant definition given in
Euclidean quantum gravity. As an application, high-temperature asymptotics of
the free energy and of the thermal part of the stress-energy tensor in the
presence of rotation are derived. We also discuss statistical mechanics in the
presence of Killing horizons where canonical and Euclidean theories are related
in a non-trivial way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124357 </DOCNO>
Prospects for detectability of classical novae with INTEGRAL


  Classical novae are potential gamma-ray emitters, both in lines and in a
continuum. Continuum emission (at energies between 20-30 and 511 keV) and line
emission at 511 keV are related to positron annihilation and its Comptonization
in the expanding shell; 18F is the main responsible of positron production. The
lines at 478 and 1275 keV have their origin in the decay of the radioactive
nuclei 7Be and 22Na. Updated models of nova explosions have been adopted for
the computation of the gamma-ray emission. New yields of some radioactive
isotopes directly translate into new detectability distances of classical novae
with INTEGRAL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 317 </DOCNO>
Relativistic solution of Iordanskii problem in multi-constituent


  Flow past a line vortex in a simple perfect fluid or superfluid gives rise to
a transverse Magnus force that is given by the well known Joukowski lift
formula. The problem of generalising this to multiconstituent superfluid models
has been controversial since it was originally posed by the work of Iordanski
in the context of the Landau 2-constituent model for He-4 at finite
temperature. The present work deals not just with this particular case but with
the generic category of perfect multiconstituent models including the kind
proposed for a mixture of He-4 and He-3 by Andreev and Bashkin. It is shown
here (using a relativistic approach) that each constituent will provide a
contribution proportional to the product of the corresponding momentum
circulation integral with the associated asymptotic current density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5069 </DOCNO>
Multifractal nature of stock exchange prices


  The multifractal structure of the temporal dependence of the Deutsche
Aktienindex (DAX) is analyzed. The $q$-th order moments of the structure
functions and the singular measures are calculated. The generalized Hurst
exponent $H(q)$ and the $h(\gamma(q))$ curve indicate a hierarchy of power law
exponents. This approach leads to characterizing the nonstationarity and
intermittency pertinent to such financial signals, indicating differences with
turbulence data. A list of results on turbulence and financial markets is
presented for asserting the analogy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83915 </DOCNO>
Inventing E-Regulation in the US, EU and East Asia: Conflicting Social


  This paper attempts to assess the international approach to Internet policy
in the context of distinctive socio-political frameworks evolving in the US,
the European Union (EU), and East Asia. The comparative review will develop a
set of underlying structural models of the Information Society particular to
each region, along with an analysis of their defining characteristics in
relation to one another. This examination demonstrates how each region, given
its regulatory legacy, has elected a different mix of good and bad
socio-political choices in public policy for the Internet. Despite the range
and diversity of paths to e-regulation suggested in these choices, none
adequately addresses the underlying issue of how to promote an innovative
society that is open to broad social participation. The paper evaluates
principal weaknesses in these regional models of Internet policy and argues the
need for re-conceptualizing the cultural, political and economic approach to
the new information space of the Internet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168732 </DOCNO>
Exact uncertainty relations: physical significance


  The Heisenberg inequality \Delta X \Delta P \geq \hbar/2 can be replaced by
an exact equality, for suitably chosen measures of position and momentum
uncertainty, which is valid for all wavefunctions. The statistics of
complementary observables are thus connected by an ``exact'' uncertainty
relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96840 </DOCNO>
On Euler-Jaczewski sequence and Remmert-Van de Ven problem for toric


  Let X be a complete toric variety and let Y be a smooth projective variety
with Picard number one. We prove that, if there exists a surjective morphism
from X to Y, then Y is a projective space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7503 </DOCNO>
Interplay of frequency-synchronization with noise: current resonances,


  We elucidate how the presence of noise may significantly interact with the
synchronization mechanism of systems exhibiting frequency-locking. The response
of these systems exhibits a rich variety of behaviors, such as resonances and
anti-resonances which can be controlled by the intensity of noise. The
transition between different locked regimes provokes the development of a
multiple enhancement of the effective diffusion. This diffusion behavior is
accompanied by a crest-like peak-splitting cascade when the distribution of the
lockings is self-similar, as it occurs in periodic systems that are able to
exhibit a Devil's staircase sequence of frequency-lockings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125842 </DOCNO>
How Mira Variables Change Visual Light by a Thousand-fold


  Mira variables change visual light by up to 8 magnitudes over their roughly
yearly cycle. Here we present a simple explanation for the extremely large
amplitudes of light curves of oxygen-rich Mira variables. Metallic oxides, such
as TiO, form throughout the stellar atmosphere as the star cools when
approaching minimum light. When this happens, the visual light can be almost
completely absorbed at large radii, extending the visual photosphere to nearly
twice its nominal size. At these large radii, temperatures can fall to
approximately 1400 K and essentially all of the star's radiation emerges in the
infrared. Since almost no optical light is emitted at these low temperatures,
Mira variables can decrease their visual light by more than a thousand-fold and
almost "disappear" to the human eye.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4182 </DOCNO>
Fast relaxation time in a spin model with glassy behavior


  We consider a frustrated spin model with a glassy dynamics characterized by a
slow component and a fast component in the relaxation process. The slow process
involves variables with critical behavior at finite temperature T_p and has a
global character like the (structural) alpha-relaxation of glasses. The fast
process has a more local character and can be associated to the beta-relaxation
of glasses. At temperature T>T_p the fast relaxation follows the non-Arrhenius
behavior of the slow variables. At T~<T_p the fast variables have an Arrhenius
behavior, resembling the alpha-beta bifurcation of fragile glasses. The model
allows us to analyze the relation between the dynamics and the thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124176 </DOCNO>
High Temporal Resolution XMM Monitoring of PKS 2155-304


  The bright, strongly variable BL Lac object PKS 2155-304 was observed by XMM
for two essentially uninterrupted periods of ~11 and 16 hr on 30-31 May 2000.
The strongest variations occurred in the highest energy bands. After scaling
for this effect, the three softest bands (0.1-1.7 keV) showed strong
correlation with no measurable lag to reliable limits of $\tau \ls 0.3$ hr.
However, the hardest band (~3 keV) was less well-correlated with the other
three, especially on short time scales, showing deviations of ~10-20% in ~1 hr
although, again, no significant interband lag was detected. This result and
examination of previous ASCA and BeppoSAX cross-correlation functions suggest
that previous claims of soft lags on time scales of 0.3-4 hr could well be an
artifact of periodic interruptions due to Earth-occultation every 1.6 hr.
Previous determinations of the magnetic field/bulk Lorentz factor were
therefore premature, as these data provide only a lower limit of $B
\gamma^{1/3} \gs 2.5$ G. The hardest band encompasses the spectral region above
the high-energy break; its enhanced variability could be indicating that the
break energy of the synchrotron spectrum, and therefore of the underlying
electron energy distribution, changes independently of the lower energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1662 </DOCNO>
Inter-layer Hall effect in double quantum wells subject to in-plane


  We report on a theoretical study of the transport properties of two coupled
two-dimensional electron systems subject to in-plane magnetic fields. The
charge redistribution in double wells induced by the Lorenz force in crossed
electric and magnetic fields has been studied. We have found that the
redistribution of the charge and the related inter-layer Hall effect originate
in the chirality of diamagnetic currents and give a substantial contribution to
the conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124997 </DOCNO>
Oxygen Abundances in Metal-Poor Stars (-2.2 < [Fe/H] < -1.2) from


  Infrared OH lines at 1.55 - 1.56 um in the H-band were obtained with the
Phoenix high-resolution spectrograph at the 2.1m telescope of the Kitt Peak
National Observatory for a sample of 14 metal-poor stars. Detailed analyses of
the sample stars have been carried out, deriving stellar parameters based on
two methods: (a) spectroscopic parameters; (b) IRFM effective temperatures,
trigonometric gravities and metallicities from Fe II lines. The Fe I lines
present in the H-band region observed showed to be well fitted by the stellar
parameters within $\Delta$[Fe/H] < 0.15 dex. The oxygen abundances were derived
from fits of spectrum synthesis calculations to the infrared OH lines. CO lines
in the H- and K-bands were obtained for a subsample in order to determine their
carbon abundances. Adopting the spectroscopic parameters a mean oxygen-to-iron
ratio of [O/Fe] ~ +0.52 is obtained, whereas using the IRFM temperatures,
Hipparcos gravities and [FeII/H], [O/Fe] ~ +0.25 is found. A mean of the two
methods gives a final value of [O/Fe] ~ +0.4 for the metallicity range -2.2 <
[Fe/H] < -1.2 of the sample metal-poor stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86173 </DOCNO>
Relativistic mechanics on rotating disk


  We find equations of particle motion from the point of view of observer on a
rotating disk, and demonstrate that a particle moving along a rotating disk is
influenced by forces arising from geometry. They can be considered as analogs
of the centrifugal forces and the Coriolis forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179561 </DOCNO>
The $^{10}$Li spectrum and the $^{11}$Li properties


  The neutron--$^9$Li interaction and the corresponding low-energy $^{10}$Li
spectrum are decisive for the properties of $^{11}$Li described as a three-body
system (n+n+$^{9}$Li). We compute structure and breakup properties of $^{11}$Li
as function of this interaction. The hyperfine structure due to the spin 3/2 of
both $^{9}$Li and $^{11}$Li is needed and treated with special care. We use the
hyperspherical adiabatic expansion of the Faddeev equations for the structure
and the participant-spectator model for the breakup reactions of $^{11}$Li. We
use established experimental constraints of both $^{11}$Li (binding energy,
size and differential breakup cross sections) and of $^{10}$Li (a virtual
s-state below 50 keV and a $p$-resonance around 0.54 MeV).Another $p$-resonance
must then be present below 0.54 MeV and another $s$-level must be present
between about 0.5 MeV and 1 MeV depending on unknown spin assignments. All
established facts are in agreement with our predictions obtained within the
same consistent model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128255 </DOCNO>
Pulsating AGB stars in the LMC


  I give a brief review and interpretation of the evolution, mass loss and
pulsation of AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5176 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Breakdown of the Internet under Intentional Attack"


  We obtain the exact position of the percolation threshold in intentionally
damaged scale-free networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73037 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constraints in SUSY with Yukawa Unification


  The cosmological relic density of the lightest supersymmetric particle of the
minimal supersymmetric standard model is calculated under the assumption of
gauge and Yukawa coupling unification. We employ radiative electroweak breaking
with universal boundary conditions from gravity-mediated supersymmetry
breaking. Further constraints are imposed by the experimental bounds on the
b-quark mass and the BR(b -> s gamma). We find that coannihilation of the
lightest supersymmetric particle, which turns out to be an almost pure bino,
with the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (the lightest stau) is
crucial for reducing its relic density to an acceptable level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179160 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation with an optimal Ground State


  A new Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation approach is presented. The
corresponding ground state is variationally determined and exhibits a minimum
energy. New solutions for the ground state, some with spontaneously broken
symmetry, of a solvable Hamiltonian are found. A non-iterative procedure to
solve the non-linear QRPA equations is used and thus all possible solutions are
found. These are compared with the exact results as well as with the solutions
provided by other approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5265 </DOCNO>
Magnetic-field Manipulation of Chemical Bonding in Artificial Molecules


  The effect of orbital magnetism on the chemical bonding of lateral,
two-dimensional artificial molecules is studied in the case of a 2e double
quantum dot (artificial molecular hydrogen). It is found that a perpendicular
magnetic field reduces the coupling (tunneling) between the individual dots
and, for sufficiently high values, it leads to complete dissociation of the
artificial molecule. The method used is building on Lowdin's work on Projection
Operators in Quantum Chemistry; it is a spin-and-space unrestricted
Hartree-Fock method in conjunction with the companion step of the restoration
of spin and space symmetries via Projection Techniques (when such symmetries
are broken). This method is able to describe the full range of couplings in
two-dimensional double quantum dots, from the strong-coupling regime exhibiting
delocalized molecular orbitals to the weak-coupling and dissociation regimes
associated with a Generalized Valence Bond combination of atomic-type orbitals
localized on the individual dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5793 </DOCNO>
Geometry-dependent electrostatics near contact lines


  Long-ranged electrostatic interactions in electrolytes modify their contact
angles on charged substrates in a scale and geometry dependent manner. For
angles measured at scales smaller than the typical Debye screening length, the
wetting geometry near the contact line must be explicitly considered. Using
variational and asymptotic methods, we derive new transcendental equations for
the contact angle that depend on the electrostatic potential only at the three
phase contact line. Analytic expressions are found in certain limits and
compared with predictions for contact angles measured with lower resolution. An
estimate for electrostatic contributions to {\it line} tension is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5573 </DOCNO>
Targeted free energy perturbation


  A generalization of the free energy perturbation identity is derived, and a
computational strategy based on this result is presented. A simple example
illustrates the efficiency gains that can be achieved with this method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73727 </DOCNO>
Shear viscosity of strongly coupled N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma


  Using the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence, we relate the
shear viscosity \eta of the finite-temperature N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills
theory in the large N, strong-coupling regime with the absorption cross section
of low-energy gravitons by a near-extremal black three-brane. We show that in
the limit of zero frequency this cross section coincides with the area of the
horizon. From this result we find \eta=\pi/8 N^2T^3. We conjecture that for
finite 't Hooft coupling (g_YM)^2N the shear viscosity is \eta=f((g_YM)^2N)
N^2T^3, where f(x) is a monotonic function that decreases from
O(x^{-2}\ln^{-1}(1/x)) at small x to \pi/8 when x\to\infty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123389 </DOCNO>
Oscillator Strengths for B-X, C-X, and E-X Transitions in Carbon


  Band oscillator strengths for electronic transitions in CO were obtained at
the Synchrotron Radiation Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Our
focus was on transitions that are observed in interstellar spectra with the Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer; these transitions are also important in
studies of selective isotope photodissociation where fractionation among
isotopomers can occur. Absorption from the ground state (X ^1Sigma^+ v'' = 0)
to A ^1Pi (v'= 5), B ^1Sigma^+ (v' = 0, 1), C ^1Sigma^+ (v' = 0, 1), and E ^1Pi
(v' = 0) was measured. Fits to the A - X (5, 0) band, whose oscillator strength
is well known, yielded the necessary column density and excitation temperature.
These parameters were used in a least-squares fit of the observed profiles for
the transitions of interest to extract their band oscillator strengths. Our
oscillator strengths are in excellent agreement with results from recent
experiments using a variety of techniques. This agreement provides the basis
for a self-consistent set of f-values at far ultraviolet wavelengths for
studies of interstellar (and stellar) CO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126494 </DOCNO>
A Grid of Synthetic Stellar UV Fluxes


  We present preliminary results of a large project aimed at creating an
extended theoretical and observational database of stellar spectra in the
ultraviolet wavelength range. This library will consist of IUE spectra at low
and high resolution, and a set of LTE and NLTE theoretical fluxes. A first grid
of 50 model fluxes with solar metallicity, in the wavelength interval 1000 -
4400 AA, is reported here. Calculations are based on the Kurucz (1993) SYNTHE
code. The models span effective temperatures between 10,000 K and 50,000 K, and
a surface gravity in the range 2.5 <= log g <= 5.0 dex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81089 </DOCNO>
Topological Susceptibility on Dynamical Staggered Fermion Configurations


  The topological susceptibility is one of the few physical quantities that
directly measure the properties of the QCD vacuum. Chiral perturbation theory
predicts that in the small quark mass limit the topological susceptibility
depends quadratically on the pion mass, approaching zero in the chiral limit.
Lattice calculations have difficulty reproducing this behavior. In this paper
we study the topological susceptibility on dynamical staggered fermion
configurations. Our results indicate that the lattice spacing has to be small,
around a~0.1fm for thin link staggered fermion actions to show the expected
chiral behavior. Our preliminary result indicates that fat link fermions, on
the other hand, reproduce the theoretical expectations even on lattices with
a~0.17fm. We argue that this is due to the improved flavor symmetry of fat link
fermionic actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114008 </DOCNO>
Enhacement in the dymanic response of a viscoelastic fluid flowing


  We analyzed effects of elasticity on the dynamics of fluids in porous media
by studying a flow of a Maxwell fluid in a tube, which oscillates
longitudinally and is subject to oscillatory pressure gradient. The present
study investigates novelties brought about into the classic Biot's theory of
propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid by inclusion of
non-Newtonian effects that are important, for example, for hydrocarbons. Using
the time Fourier transform and transforming the problem into the frequency
domain, we calculated: (A) the dynamic permeability and (B) the function
$F(\kappa)$ that measures the deviation from Poiseuille flow friction as a
function of frequency parameter $\kappa$. This provides a more complete theory
of flow of Maxwell fluid through the longitudinally oscillating cylindrical
tube with the oscillating pressure gradient, which has important practical
applications. This study has clearly shown transition from dissipative to
elastic regime in which sharp enhancements (resonances) of the flow are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7018 </DOCNO>
Decoherence of coherent transport in a disordered one-dimensional wire:


  We model the effect of phase-breaking collisions on the coherent electron
transport in a disordered one-dimensional single-channel wire. In our model the
phase-breaking collisions break the wire into segments, where each segment is
an independent series resistor with coherent electronic resistance and the
segmentation is a stochastic process with Poisson distribution of
phase-breaking scattering times. The wire resistance as a function of the wire
length $L$, coherence length $L_{\phi}$, and localisation length $\xi$ is
calculated and the transition from coherent to incoherent transport is traced
quantitatively. In the coherent regime ($L < L_{\phi}$) the resistance
fluctuates from wire to wire with a characteristic log-normal distribution of
resistances, the typical resistance increases as $\exp(L/\xi)$, and the mean
resistance increases as $\exp(2L/\xi)$ (or faster if disorder is strong). As
$L$ exceeds $L_{\phi}$, decoherence suppresses the resistance fluctuations and
narrows the resistance distribution. As a result, at $L \gg L_{\phi}$ the mean
resistance increases as $\beta L-c$ and the typical resistance as $\beta L -
c'$, where $\beta$ is the wire resistivity, $c$ is a constant shift due to the
decoherence near the source electrode, and $c' \gg c$ is the shift related to
the resistance self-averaging in a single wire. Numerical results are given for
a GaAs quantum wire. It is noted that coherent transport in such wire can
exhibit peculiar deviations from universal scaling owing to strong
backscattering by impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41416 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the Suitability of Large Rock Salt Formations for Radio


  We have investigated the possibility that large rock salt formations might be
suitable as target masses for detection of neutrinos of energies about 10 PeV
and above. In neutrino interactions at these energies, the secondary
electromagnetic cascade produces a coherent radio pulse well above ambient
thermal noise via the Askaryan effect. We describe measurements of
radio-frequency attenuation lengths and ambient thermal noise in two salt
formations. Measurements in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), located in
an evaporite salt bed in Carlsbad, NM yielded short attenuation lengths, 3-7 m
over 150-300 MHz. However, measurements at United Salt's Hockley mine, located
in a salt dome near Houston, Texas yielded attenuation lengths in excess of 250
m at similar frequencies. We have also analyzed early ground-penetrating radar
data at Hockley mine and have found additional evidence for attenuation lengths
in excess of several hundred meters at 440 MHz. We conclude that salt domes,
which may individually contain several hundred cubic kilometer water-equivalent
mass, provide attractive sites for next-generation high-energy neutrino
detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74574 </DOCNO>
Single-spin asymmetries and soft-gluon poles


  Mechanism for the single transverse spin asymmeties in the pion production,
p^\uparrow + p'\to \pi(\ell_T) + X, and the \Lambda hyperon polarization, p +
p' \to \Lambda^\uparrow (\ell_T)+ X, is investigated in the framework of QCD
factorization theorem. We identify all the soft-gluon pole contributions coming
from the twist-3 distribution and/or fragmentation functions and show that they
give rise to large asymmetries at large x_F.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76337 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Production Rates at the LHC: Still Large


  We examine the rates for the production of black holes(BH) at the LHC in
light of the exponential suppression of the geometric cross section estimate
proposed by Voloshin. We show that these rates will still be quite large over a
reasonable range of model parameters. While BH production may not be the
dominant process, its unique signature will ensure observability over
conventional backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168633 </DOCNO>
`Quantum probabilities' as context depending probabilities


  We study transformations of conventional (`classical') probabilities induced
by context transitions. It is demonstrated that the transition from one complex
of conditions to another induces a perturbation of the classical rule for the
addition of probabilistic alternatives. We classify such perturbations. It is
shown that there are two classes of perturbations: (a) trigonometric
interference; (b) hyperbolic interference. In particular, the well known
`quantum interference of probabilistic alternatives' can be obtained in
classical (but contextual) probabilistic framework. Therefore we need not apply
to wave arguments (or consider superposition principle) to get Quantum
Statistics. In particular, interference could be a feature of experiments with
purely corpuscular objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 190 </DOCNO>
Integrable sigma models and perturbed coset models


  Sigma models arise frequently in particle physics and condensed-matter
physics as low-energy effective theories. In this paper I compute the exact
free energy at any temperature in two hierarchies of integrable sigma models in
two dimensions. These theories, the SU(N)/SO(N) and O(2P)/O(P) x O(P) models,
are asymptotically free and exhibit charge fractionalization. When the
instanton coupling theta=pi, they flow to the SU(N)_1 and O(2P)_1 conformal
field theories, respectively. I also generalize the free energy computation to
massive and massless perturbations of the coset conformal field theories
SU(N)_k/SO(N)_{2k} and O(2P)_k/O(P)_k x O(P)_k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5316 </DOCNO>
Monoclinic structure of unpoled morphotropic high piezoelectric


  Evidences of a monoclinic phase in unpoled (PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3)1-x-(PbTiO3)x with
x=0.35 (PMN-PT 35%) and unpoled (PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3)1-x-(PbTiO3)x with x=0.09
(PZN-PT 9%) are presented from a neutron Rietveld analysis. This monoclinic
phase is different from the phase recently evidenced by Noheda and coworkers in
PbZr1-xTixO3 with x=0.481 but is identical to the phase observed in poled
PZN-PT with x=0.102 by the same authors. The structural resolutions allowed us
to compare both structures and to deduce the direction and magnitude of
polarization. In PMN-PT 35% and PZN-PT 9% this phase is characterised by a weak
value of polarization, a strong deformation of oxygen polyhedra and weak
cationic shifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41463 </DOCNO>
alphaPDE: A New Multivariate Technique for Parameter Estimation


  We present alphaPDE, a new multivariate analysis technique for parameter
estimation. The method is based on a direct construction of joint probability
densities of known variables and the parameters to be estimated. We show how
posterior densities and best-value estimates are then obtained for the
parameters of interest by a straightforward manipulation of these densities.
The method is essentially non-parametric and allows for an intuitive graphical
interpretation. We illustrate the method by outlining how it can be used to
estimate the mass of the top quark, and we explain how the method is applied to
an ensemble of events containing background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3086 </DOCNO>
O(n) Spin Systems- Some General Properties: A Generalized Mermin-Wagner


  Here we examine classical O(n) spin systems with arbitrary two spin
interactions (of unspecified range) within a general framework. We shall focus
on translationally invariant interactions. In the this case, we determine the
ground states of the $O(n \ge 2)$ systems. We further illustrate how one may
establish Peierls bounds for many Ising systems with long range interactions.
We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on the ground states and derive the
corresponding fluctuation integrals. The study of the thermal fluctuation
spectra will lead us to discover a very interesting odd-even $n$
(coupling-decoupling) effect. We will prove a generalized Mermin-Wagner
(integral divergence) theorem for all translationally invariant systems in two
dimensions with an analytic kernel in momentum space. We will show that many
three dimensional systems have smectic like thermodynamics. We will examine the
topology of the ground state manifolds for both translationally invariant and
spin glass systems. We conclude with a discussion of O(n) spin dynamics in the
general case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 575 </DOCNO>
Exact Langevin equation for electrons in thermostat, Fokker-Planck


  Generalized Langevin equation for characteristic functional of many-electron
system dynamically interacting with a thermostat and besides subjected to
external perturbation and observation is derived and formulated in terms of
one-particle but stochastic density matrix. The scheme naturally includes also
direct electron-electron interactions. Corresponding approximate Fokker-Plank
kinetic equation is discussed. We point out that it possesses continuous
degeneracy of stationary solution and therefore can hide long-correlated
fluctuations of electron transport even if thermostat noise is
short-correlated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128061 </DOCNO>
The Giant Flare of 1998 August 27 from SGR 1900+14: II. Radiative


  (ABBREVIATED) The extraordinary 1998 August 27 giant flare places strong
constraints on the physical properties of its source, SGR 1900+14. We make
detailed comparisons of the published data with the magnetar model. The giant
flare evolved through three stages, whose radiative mechanisms we address in
turn. A triggering mechanism is proposed, whereby a helical distortion of the
core magnetic field induces large-scale fracturing in the crust and a twisting
deformation of the crust and exterior magnetic field. The envelope of the
pulsating tail of the August 27 flare can be accurately fit, after ~40 s, by
the contracting surface of a relativistically hot, but inhomogeneous, trapped
fireball. We quantify the effects of direct neutrino-pair emission, thereby
deducing a lower bound ~ 10^{32} G-cm^3 to the magnetic moment of the confining
field. The radiative flux during the intermediate ~40 s of the burst appears to
exceed the trapped fireball fit. The spectrum and lightcurve of this smooth
tail are consistent with heating in an extended pair corona, possibly powered
by continuing seismic activity in the star. We consider in detail the critical
luminosity, below which a stable balance can be maintained between heating and
radiative cooling in a confined, magnetized pair plasma; but above which the
confined plasma runs away to local thermodynamic equilibrium. In the later
pulsating tail, the best fit temperature equilibrates at a value which agrees
well with the regulating effect of photon splitting. The remarkable four-peaked
substructure within each 5.16-s pulse provides strong evidence for the presence
of higher magnetic multipoles in SGR 1900+14. The corresponding collimation of
the X-ray flux is related to radiative transport in a super-QED magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148467 </DOCNO>
Dielectric D0-Branes in Near-Horizon D-Brane Backgrounds and D-Strings


  Using the nonabelian Dirac-Born-Infeld action with the Wess-Zumino term that
is constructed in consistent with T duality we examine the Myers dielectric
effect for multiple D0-branes in the near-horizon geometry of D4-branes. The
effect in the curved spacetime is also confirmed by the dual formulation based
on the abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld action of a D2-brane. Putting a system of
muliple D-strings in the external electric RR five-form flux, we construct a
noncommutative non-BPS solution where the D-strings expand into a spherical
D3-brane. We discuss the external field dependence of the funnel-like or
wormhole solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148855 </DOCNO>
Tachyon condensation in boundary string field theory at one loop


  We compute the one-loop partition function for quadratic tachyon background
in open string theory.
  Both closed and open string representations are developed. Using these
representations we study the one-loop divergences in the partition function in
the presence of the tachyon background. The divergences due to the open and
closed string tachyons are treated by analytic continuation in the tachyon mass
squared. We pay particular attention to the imaginary part of the analytically
continued expressions. The last one gives the decay rate of the unstable
vacuum. The dilaton tadpole is also given some partial consideration. The
partition function is further used to study corrections to tachyon condensation
processes describing brane descent relations. Assuming the boundary string
field theory prescription for construction of the string field action via
partition function holds at one loop level we study the one-loop corrections to
the tachyon potential and to the tensions of lower-dimensional branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125867 </DOCNO>
Intensity Distributions of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Observations of individual bursts chosen by the vagaries of telescope
availability demonstrated that bursts are not standard candles and that their
apparent energy can be as great as 10^54 erg. However, determining the
distribution of their apparent energy (and of other burst properties) requires
the statistical analysis of a well-defined burst sample; the sample definition
includes the threshold for including a burst in the sample. Thus optical groups
need to the criteria behind the decision to search for a spectroscopic
redshift. Currently the burst samples are insufficient to choose between
lognormal and power law functional forms of the distribution, and the parameter
values for these functional forms differ between burst samples. Similarly, the
actual intensity distribution may be broader than observed, with a low energy
tail extending below the detection threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125503 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Luminosity dependence of galaxy


  We investigate the dependence of the strength of galaxy clustering on
intrinsic luminosity using the Anglo-Australian two degree field galaxy
redshift survey (2dFGRS). The 2dFGRS is over an order of magnitude larger than
previous redshift surveys used to address this issue. We measure the projected
two-point correlation function of galaxies in a series of volume-limited
samples. The projected correlation function is free from any distortion of the
clustering pattern induced by peculiar motions and is well described by a
power-law in pair separation over the range 0.1 < r /h Mpc < 10. The clustering
of L* galaxies in real space is well fit by a correlation length r0 = 4.9 +/-
0.3 /h Mpc and power-law slope gamma = 1.71 +/- 0.06. The clustering amplitude
increases slowly with absolute magnitude for galaxies fainter than M*, but
rises more strongly at higher luminosities. At low luminosities, our results
agree with measurements from the SSRS2 by Benoist et al. However, we find a
weaker dependence of clustering strength on luminosity at the highest
luminosities. The correlation function amplitude increases by a factor of 4.0
between $M_{b_{J}} -5\log_{10}h = -18$ and -22.5, and the most luminous
galaxies are 3.0 times more strongly clustered than L* galaxies. The power-law
slope of the correlation function shows remarkably little variation for samples
spanning a factor of 20 in luminosity. Our measurements are in very good
agreement with the predictions of the hierarchical galaxy formation models of
Benson et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76216 </DOCNO>
String Theory and Hybrid Inflation/Acceleration


  We find a description of hybrid inflation in (3+1)-dimensions using brane
dynamics of Hanany-Witten type. P-term inflation/acceleration of the universe
with the hybrid potential has a slow-roll de Sitter stage and a waterfall stage
which leads towards an N=2 supersymmetric ground state. We identify the
slow-roll stage of inflation with a non-supersymmetric `Coulomb phase' with
Fayet-Iliopoulos term. This stage ends when the mass squared of one of the
scalars in the hypermultiplet becomes negative. At that moment the brane system
starts undergoing a phase transition via tachyon condensation to a fully
Higgsed supersymmetric vacuum which is the absolute ground state of P-term
inflation. A string theory/cosmology dictionary is provided, which leads to
constraints on parameters of the brane construction from cosmological
experiments. We display a splitting of mass levels reminiscent of the Zeeman
effect due to spontaneous supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3345 </DOCNO>
Peierls-insulator Mott-insulator transition in 1D


  In an attempt to clarify the nature of the crossover from a Peierls band
insulator to a Mott Hubbard insulator, we analyze ground-state and spectral
properties of the one-dimensional half-filled Holstein Hubbard model using
exact diagonalization techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4980 </DOCNO>
Saddle Points and Dynamics of Lennard-Jones Clusters, Solids and


  The properties of higher-index saddle points have been invoked in recent
theories of the dynamics of supercooled liquids. Here we examine in detail a
mapping of configurations to saddle points using minimization of $|\nabla
E|^2$, which has been used in previous work to support these theories. The
examples we consider are a two-dimensional model energy surface and binary
Lennard-Jones liquids and solids. A shortcoming of the mapping is its failure
to divide the potential energy surface into basins of attraction surrounding
saddle points, because there are many minima of $|\nabla E|^2$ that do not
correspond to stationary points of the potential energy. In fact, most liquid
configurations are mapped to such points for the system we consider. We
therefore develop an alternative route to investigate higher-index saddle
points and obtain near complete distributions of saddles for small
Lennard-Jones clusters. The distribution of the number of stationary points as
a function of the index is found to be Gaussian, and the average energy
increases linearly with saddle point index in agreement with previous results
for bulk systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124910 </DOCNO>
Plasmoid impacts on neutron stars and highest energy cosmic rays


  Particle acceleration by electrostatic polarization fields that arise in
plasmas streaming across magnetic fields is discussed as a possible
acceleration mechanism of highest-energy cosmic rays. Specifically, plasmoids
arising in planetoid impacts onto neutron star magnetospheres are considered.
We find that such impacts at plausible rates may account for the observed flux
and energy spectrum of the highest energy cosmic rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149982 </DOCNO>
Parity Doubling, Zitterbewegung, and Rest Mass for Spin 1


  A 6-component "wave function" (not field, but S-matrix interpretable) for a
massive spin-1 particle parallels the Dirac "chirality-doubled" 4-component
wave function for a spin-1/2 particle, by pairing two wave functions for same
spin but opposite "handedness". The correlated "opposite-parity" pair of
complex 3-vectors defines a fluctuating spin-correlated lightlike ``internal
velocity" as well as an independent "external rapidity". Extension from
fermions to vector bosons of the velocity-fluctuation ("zitterbewegung")
interpretation of rest mass weakens theoretical motivation for elementary
scalar bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174813 </DOCNO>
Probing Mechanical and Chemical Instabilities in Neutron-Rich Matter


  The isospin-dependence of mechanical and chemical instabilities is
investigated within a thermal and nuclear transport model using a Skyrme-type
phenomenological equation of state for neutron-rich matter. Respective roles of
the nuclear mean field and the 2-body stochastic scattering on the evolution of
density and isospin fluctuations in either mechanically or chemically unstable
regions of neutron-rich matter are investigated. It is found that the mean
field dominates overwhelmingly the fast growth of both fluctuations, while the
2-body scattering influences significantly the later growth of the isospin
fluctuation only. The magnitude of both fluctuations decreases with the
increasing isospin asymmetry because of the larger reduction of the attractive
isoscalar mean field by the stronger repuslive neutron symmetry potential in
the more neutron-rich matter. Moreover, it is shown that the isospin
fractionation happens later, but grows faster in the more neutron-rich matter.
Implications of these results to current experiments exploring properties of
neutron-rich matter are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76331 </DOCNO>
How sensitive is a neutrino factory to the angle $\theta_{13}$?


  We consider the impact of non-standard interactions of neutrinos (NSI) on the
determination of neutrino mixing parameters at a neutrino factory using
$\pnu{e}\to\pnu{\mu}$ ``golden channels'' for the measurement of $\theta_{13}$.
We show how a small residual NSI leads to a drastic loss in sensitivity in
$\theta_{13}$, of up to two orders of magnitude. This can be somewhat overcome
if two baselines are combined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126461 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of Clusters of Galaxies


  The high metallicity of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) is generally
interpreted on the base of the galactic wind scenario for elliptical galaxies.
In this framework, we develop a toy-model to follow the chemical evolution of
the ICM, formulated in analogy to chemical models for individual galaxies. Just
as the ingredients for usual models are (a) the stellar yields, amount of
metals newly synthesized and re-ejected by stars; (b) the Star Formation Rate
and (c) the stellar Initial Mass Function (IMF), our model for clusters
involves: (a') ``galactic yields'' derived from galactic wind models of
ellipticals; (b') a parametric Galactic Formation Rate; (c') a
Press-Schechter-like Galactic Initial Mass Function.
  The model is used to test the response of the predicted metal content and
abundance evolution of the ICM to varying input galactic models. The resulting
luminosity function of cluster galaxies is also calculated, in order to
constrain model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76015 </DOCNO>
Soft SUSY-breaking scenarios in the light of Higgs searches at LEP2


  The Higgs boson sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is
investigated in a uniform way in the framework of the three most prominent soft
SUSY-breaking scenarios, mSUGRA, mGMSB and mAMSB, especially concerning the
Higgs searches at LEP2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81144 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of O(a) improved Wilson quark action on anisotropic


  The $O(a)$ improved Wilson quark action on the anisotropic lattice is
investigated. We carry out numerical simulations in the quenched approximation
at three values of lattice spacing ($a_{\sigma}^{-1}=1$--2 GeV) with the
anisotropy $\xi=a_{\sigma}/a_{\tau}=4$, where $a_{\sigma}$ and $a_{\tau}$ are
the spatial and the temporal lattice spacings, respectively. The bare
anisotropy $\gamma_F$ in the quark field action is numerically tuned by the
dispersion relation of mesons so that the renormalized fermionic anisotropy
coincides with that of gauge field. This calibration of bare anisotropy is
performed to the level of 1 % statistical accuracy in the quark mass region
below the charm quark mass. The systematic uncertainty in the calibration is
estimated by comparing the results from different types of dispersion
relations, which results in 3 % on our coarsest lattice and tends to vanish in
the continuum limit. In the chiral limit, there is an additional systematic
uncertainty of 1 % from the chiral extrapolation.
  Taking the central value $\gamma_F=\gamma_F^*$ from the result of the
calibration, we compute the light hadron spectrum. Our hadron spectrum is
consistent with the result by UKQCD Collaboration on the isotropic lattice. We
also study the response of the hadron spectrum to the change of anisotropic
parameter, $\gamma_F \to \gamma_F^* + \delta\gamma_F$. We find that the change
of $\gamma_F$ by 2 % induces a change of 1 % in the spectrum for physical quark
masses. Thus the systematic uncertainty on the anisotropic lattice, as well as
the statistical one, is under control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87250 </DOCNO>
Quantum states of elementary three-geometry


  We introduce a quantum volume operator $K$ in three--dimensional Quantum
Gravity by taking into account a symmetrical coupling scheme of three SU(2)
angular momenta. The spectrum of $K$ is discrete and defines a complete set of
eigenvectors which is alternative with respect to the complete sets employed
when the usual binary coupling schemes of angular momenta are considered. Each
of these states, that we call quantum bubbles, represents an interference of
extended configurations which provides a rigorous meaning to the heuristic
notion of quantum tetrahedron. We study the generalized recoupling coefficients
connecting the symmetrical and the binary basis vectors, and provide an
explicit recursive solution for such coefficients by analyzing also its
asymptotic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126584 </DOCNO>
Vela, its X-ray nebula, and the polarization of pulsar radiation


  The recent identification of the perpendicular mode of radio polarization as
the primary one in the Vela pulsar by Lai et al. (2001) is interpreted in terms
of the maser mechanism proposed by Luo & Melrose (1995). We suggest that such a
mechanism may also be operative for the parallel mode which opens up the
possibility of accounting for all types of polarization observed in pulsars. We
propose an alternative interpretation of the arcs in the nebular X-radiation
observed by Pavlov et al.(2000) & Helfand et al. (2001) with the Chandra
Observatory, and interpreted by the latter as an equatorial wind. We interpret
the arcs as traces of the particle beams from the two magnetic poles at the
shock front. We also propose that the alignment with the rotation axis of the
jet-like feature bisecting the arcs is an effect of projection on the sky plane
and that there is no physical jet along the axis of rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128512 </DOCNO>
The Population of AGNs in Nearby Galaxies


  This contribution reviews the properties of nuclear activity in nearby
galaxies, with emphasis on results obtained from current optical surveys and
multiwavelength follow-up observations thereof.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76328 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Precision Data, Light Sleptons and Stability of the SUSY


  The light slepton-sneutrino scenario with non-universal scalar masses at the
GUT scale is preferred by the electroweak precision data. Though a universal
soft breaking mass at or below the Plank scale can produce the required
non-universality at the GUT scale through running, such models are in conflict
with the stability of the electroweak symmetry breaking vacuum. If the
supergravity motivated idea of a common scalar mass at some high scale along
with light sleptons is supported by future experiments that may indicate that
we are living in a false vacuum. In contrast SO(10) D-terms, which may arise if
this GUT group breaks down directly to the Standard Model, can lead to this
spectrum with many striking phenomenological predictions, without jeopardizing
vacuum stability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129334 </DOCNO>
The central kiloparsec of starbursts and AGN: The La Palma connection


  We describe selected highlights of the international conference ``The Central
Kiloparsec of Starbursts and AGN: The La Palma Connection'', held in May 2001
in Los Cancajos on the Spanish island of La Palma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113704 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative and perturbative treatments of parametric heating in


  We study the quantum description of parametric heating in harmonic potentials
both nonperturbatively and perturbatively, having in mind atom traps. The first
approach establishes an explicit connection between classical and quantum
descriptions; it also gives analytic expressions for properties such as the
width of fractional frequency parametric resonances. The second approach gives
an alternative insight into the problem and can be directly extended to take
into account nonlinear effects. This is specially important for shallow traps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95896 </DOCNO>
Continuous wavelet transforms from semidirect products: Cyclic


  Continuous wavelet transforms arising from the quasiregular representation of
a semidirect product of a vector group with a matrix group
 -- the so-called dilation group -- have been studied by various authors.
Recently the attention has shifted from the irreducible case to include more
general dilation groups, for instance cyclic (more generally: discrete) or
one-parameter groups. These groups do not give rise to irreducible
square-integrable representations, yet it is possible (and quite simple) to
give admissibility conditions for a large class of them.
 We put these results in a theoretical context by establishing a connection to
the Plancherel theory of the semidirect products, and show how the
admissibility conditions relate to abstract admissibility conditions which use
Plancherel theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129128 </DOCNO>
High-Mass Stars as Early Signpost of Cluster Formation


  The connection between high-mass stars and young stellar clusters has been
well established by near-IR observations showing young massive stars in HII
regions surrounded by clusters of lower mass stars. Mm-wave observations show
that these clusters form in approx. 1000 Msol dense cores. Interestingly, the
mm-wave observations of very active cluster-forming regions also reveal the
presence of seemingly quiescent dense massive cores, which contain few signs of
ongoing star formation. In the W3 Main region we find an approx. 1000 Msol mass
dense core which contains no mid-IR or cm-continuum sources. Near-IR imaging
has failed to detect any embedded sources. Yet, we suggest that this region is
at an early stage of cluster formation. This is given support by comparative
observations of the NGC 6334 GMC. Here, we find another quiescent massive 1000
Msol core without mid-IR sources, HII regions, or a detectable near-IR cluster.
Motivated by the presence of CH3OH and H2O masers in this IR-quiet core, we
have searched for and detected a bipolar outflow driven by a young massive star
deeply embedded in the core. The presence of an embedded high-mass star
strengthens our arguments that IR-quiet cores are at an early stage of cluster
formation. We propose that masers and outflows from very deeply embedded (and
consequently IR-quiet) high-mass stars are among the first incipient signposts
of cluster formation in massive cores. Accordingly, we have undertaken a SEST
survey of 46 CH3OH maser clusters which are not coincident with IRAS sources or
HII regions. From this sample, we detected outflows in transitions of SiO
toward 15 of the maser clusters. These sources have now been observed at 1200
micron with SIMBA, the 37-multichannel bolometer at SEST. Each one is
associated with a bright 1 mm point source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128709 </DOCNO>
Doin' the twist: Secular changes in the surface differential rotation on


  We present measurements of the rotation rates of individual starspots on the
rapidly rotating young K0 dwarf AB Doradus, at six epochs between 1988 December
and 1996 December. The equatorial rotation period of the star decreased from
0.5137 to 0.5129 days between 1988 December and 1992 January. It then increased
steadily, attaining a value of 0.5133 days by 1996 December. The latitude
dependence of the rotation rate mirrored the changes in the equatorial rotation
rate. The beat period between the equatorial and polar rotation periods dropped
from 140 days to 70 days initially, then rose steadily. The most rigid
rotation, in 1988 December, occurred when the starspot coverage was at a
maximum. The time-dependent part of the differential rotation is found to have
Delta Omega / Omega ~ 0.004, which should alter the oblateness of the star
enough to explain the period changes observed in several close binaries via the
mechanism of Applegate (1992).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124650 </DOCNO>
Time Scales in Long GRBs


  We analyze a sample of bright long bursts and find that the pulses duration
have a lognormal distribution while the intervals between pulses have an excess
of long intervals (relative to lognormal distribution). This excess can be
explained by the existence of quiescent times, long periods with no signal
above the background. The lognormal distribution of the intervals (excluding
the quiescent times) is similar to the distribution of the pulses width. This
result suggests that the quiescent times are made by a different mechanism than
the rest of the intervals. It also suggests that the intervals (excluding the
quiescent times) and the pulse width are connected to the same parameters of
the source. We find that there is a correlation between a pulse width and the
duration of the interval preceding it. There is a weaker, but still a
significant, correlation between a pulse width and the interval following it.
The significance of the correlation drops substantially when the intervals
considered are not adjacent to the pulse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40731 </DOCNO>
Searches for Rare and Forbidden Decays of Charm: Recent Results from


  We review results on rare and forbidden decays of D^0, D^+, and D^+_s mesons
from experiments at FNAL. The decay modes studied have two leptons in the final
state and, if observed, would constitute evidence for flavor-changing
neutral-current, lepton-flavor-violating, or lepton-number-violating processes.
To date, no evidence for these decays has been observed and upper limits are
obtained for their branching fractions. These limits can constrain various
extensions to the Standard Model. We present new upper limits from FNAL E791 on
the branching fractions for more than two dozen three- and four-body decay
modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95724 </DOCNO>
Unitary representations of the quantum "ax+b" group


  We find all unitary representations of the quantum "ax+b" group. It turns out
that this quantum group is selfdual in the sense that all unitary
representations are 'numbered' by elements of the same group. Moreover, we
discover the formula for all unitary representations involving S.L.
Woronowicz's quantum exponential function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97687 </DOCNO>
Formula for the Mean Square Displacement Exponent of the Self-Avoiding


  This paper proves the formula \nu(d) =1 for d=1 and \nu(d) = max(1/4 +1/d,
1/2) for d > 1 for the root mean square displacement exponent \nu(d) of the
self-avoiding walk (SAW) in Z^d, and thus, resolves some major long-standing
open conjectures rooted in chemical physics (Flory, 1949). The values \nu(2)
=3/4 and \nu(4) = 1/2 coincide with those that were believed on the basis of
heuristic and "numerical evidence". Perhaps surprisingly, there was no precise
conjecture in dimension 3. Yet as early as in the 1980ies, Monte Carlo
simulations produced a couple of confidence intervals for the exponent \nu(3).
This work is a follow-up to Hueter (2001), which proves the result for d=2 and
lays out the fundamental building blocks for the analysis in all dimensions. We
consider (a) the point process of self-intersections defined via certain paths
of length n of the symmetric simple random walk in Z^d and (b) a ``weakly
self-avoiding cone process'' relative to this point process in a certain
"shape". The asymptotic expected distance of the process in (b) can be
calculated rather precisely as n tends large and, if the point process has
circular shape, can be shown to asymptotically equal (up to error terms) the
one of the weakly SAW with parameter \beta >0. From these results, a number of
distance exponents are immediately collectable for the SAW as well. Our
approach invokes the Palm distribution of the point process of
self-intersections in a cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76189 </DOCNO>
Resonance-reggeon and parton-hadron duality in strong interactions


  By using the concept of duality between direct channel resonances and Regge
exchanges we relate the small- and large-$x$ behavior of the structure
functions. We show that even a single resonance exhibits Bjorken scaling at
large $Q^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5700 </DOCNO>
Excitons in Mott insulators


  Motivated by recent Raman and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments
performed for Mott insulators, which suggest formation of excitons in these
systems, we present a theory of exciton formation in the upper Hubbard band.
The analysis based on the spin polaron approach is performed in the framework
of an effective t-J model for the subspace of states with one doubly occupied
site. Our results confirm the existence of excitons and bear qualitative
resemblance to experimental data despite some simplifications in our approach.
They prove that the basic underlying mechanismof exciton formation is the same
as that which gives rise to binding of holes in weakly doped antiferromagnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3898 </DOCNO>
Vicious Random Walkers and a Discretization of Gaussian Random Matrix


  The vicious random walker problem on a one dimensional lattice is considered.
Many walkers take simultaneous steps on the lattice and the configurations in
which two of them arrive at the same site are prohibited. It is known that the
probability distribution of N walkers after M steps can be written in a
determinant form. Using an integration technique borrowed from the theory of
random matrices, we show that arbitrary k-th order correlation functions of the
walkers can be expressed as quaternion determinants whose elements are
compactly expressed in terms of symmetric Hahn polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95576 </DOCNO>
Symplectic implosion


  Let $K$ be a compact Lie group. We introduce the process of symplectic
implosion, which associates to every Hamiltonian $K$-manifold a stratified
space called the imploded cross-section. It bears a resemblance to symplectic
reduction, but instead of quotienting by the entire group, it cuts the
symmetries down to a maximal torus of $K$. We examine the nature of the
singularities and describe in detail the imploded cross-section of the
cotangent bundle of $K$, which turns out to be identical to an affine variety
studied by Gelfand, Vinberg, Popov, and others. Finally we show that
``quantization commutes with implosion''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126377 </DOCNO>
Absolute kinematics of radio source components in the complete S5 polar


  We observed the thirteen extragalactic radio sources of the S5 polar cap
sample at 8.4 GHz with the Very Long Baseline Array, on 1997.93 and 1999.41. We
present the maps from those two epochs and briefly discuss the morphological
changes experimented by some of the radio sources in the 1.4 yr elapsed. These
results correspond to the first two epochs at 8.4 GHz of a program directed to
study the absolute kinematics of the radio source components of the members of
the sample by means of phase delay astrometry at 8.4, 15 and 43 GHz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149493 </DOCNO>
Quantum Evolution of Inhomogeneities in Curved Space


  We obtain the renormalized equations of motion for matter and semi-classical
gravity in an inhomogeneous space-time. We use the functional Schrodinger
picture and a simple Gaussian approximation to analyze the time evolution of
the $\lambda\phi^4$ model, and we establish the renormalizability of this
non-perturbative approximation. We also show that the energy-momentum tensor in
this approximation is finite once we consider the usual mass and coupling
constant renormalizations, without the need of further geometrical
counter-terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128475 </DOCNO>
Correlation between Break Frequency and Power Density Spectrum Slope for


  We present results of RXTE observations of the X-ray source Cyg X-2 during
1996-1999. Its power density spectra in the 0.1-128-Hz band are fitted by a
model that takes into account the power-law spectral behavior at frequencies
below and above the break frequency, with an introduction of one or more Lorenz
lines to describe the peaks of quasi-periodic oscillations that correspond to
the horizontal branch of the Z track. The RXTE observations have revealed a
positive correlation between the break frequency and the indices of the two
parts of the spectrum. The spectrum steepens with increasing break frequency
both above and below the break frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126222 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic evolution of dusty starburst galaxies


  By using a one-zone chemical and spectrophotometric evolution model of a disk
galaxy undergoing a dusty starburst, we investigate, numerically, the optical
spectroscopic properties in order to explore galaxy evolution in distant
clusters. We adopt an assumption that the degree of dust extinction
(represented by $A_V$) depends on the ages of starburst populations in such a
way that younger stars have larger $A_V$ (originally referred to as selective
dust extinction by Poggianti & Wu 2000). In particular, we investigate how the
time evolution of the equivalent widths of [OII]$\lambda$3727 and H$\delta$ is
controlled by the adopted age dependence. This leads to three main results: (1)
If a young stellar population (with the age of $\sim$ $10^6$ yr) is more
heavily obscured by dust than an old one ($>$ $10^8$ yr), the galaxy can show
an ``e(a)'' spectrum characterized by strong H$\delta$ absorption and
relatively modest [OII] emission. (2) A dusty starburst galaxy with an e(a)
spectrum can evolve into a poststarburst galaxy with an a+k (or k+a) spectrum
0.2 Gyr after the starburst and then into a passive one with a k-type spectrum
1 Gyr after the starburst. This result clearly demonstrates an evolutionary
link between galaxies with different spectral classes (i.e., e(b), e(a), a+k,
k+a, and k). (3) A dusty starburst galaxy can show an a+k or k+a spectrum even
in the dusty starburst phase if the age-dependence of dust extinction is rather
weak, i.e., if young starburst populations with different ages ($\le$ $10^7$
yr) are uniformly obscured by dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77126 </DOCNO>
Gluon Interactions with Color-Neutral Fields


  We investigate the interactions of color neutral fields with gluons in the
regge region, and propose a model in which the field strength of the gluons
couple to these fields. This model yields to first order in perturbation theory
a structure function which coincides with that obtained in deep inelastic
scattering (in the Double Log Approximation of QCD) to first order at low q
with a correction. We propose that higher order corrections in this model will
contribute to the parton structure functions beyond the DLA. It is also shown
that the Born approximation in this model yields a potential having a monopole,
and a quadruploe term that may couple to hadronic currents provideing angular
momentum transitions of Delta(J)=2,0, as is the case in hadron regge
trajectories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127240 </DOCNO>
The Ursa Major Cluster of Galaxies. V ; HI Rotation Curve Shapes and the


  The Tully-Fisher relations for a complete sample of spirals in the Ursa Major
cluster is investigated. The merits of combining B, R, I and K' photometry with
HI rotation curves (RCs) have been exploited. In addition to the corrected HI
global profile widths W_{R,I}^i, the HI RCs allow direct measurements of the
maximum rotation Vmax and the amplitudes Vflat of the outer flat parts. The
dynamical state of the gas disks could also be determined in detail. For large
galaxy samples, the M^{b,i}_R - Log(W_{R,I}^i) correlation in conjunction with
strict selection criteria is preferred for distance determinations with a 7%
accuracy. Galaxies with rising RCs at the last measured point lie
systematically on the low velocity side of the TF-relation. Galaxies with
partly declining RCs (Vmax>Vflat) tend to lie on the high velocity side when
using W_{R,I}^i or Vmax. These trends are eliminated when Vflat is used. The
M^{b,i}_B - Log(2Vflat) residuals correlate consistently with morphology,
color, surface brightness and gas mass fraction. These correlations are absent
for the near-IR M^{b,i}_K' - Log(2Vflat) residuals. The tightest correlation
(Xred=1.1) is found for the M^{b,i}_K' - Log(2Vflat) relation with a slope of
-11.3 +/- 0.5 and a total scatter of 0.26^m with a most likely intrinsic
scatter of zero. The tightness of the near-IR correlation is preserved when
converting it into a baryonic TF-relation which has a slope of -10.0 for
(Mgas/L_K')=1.6 while a zero intrinsic scatter remains most likely. The
tightness of the near-IR and baryonic correlations suggests that the
TF-relation reflects a correlation between the dark matter halo mass, indicated
by Vflat, and the total baryonic mass Mbar where Mbar~Vflat^4. The distribution
of the baryons inside halos of similar mass is irrelevant for this relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127634 </DOCNO>
Interstellar O VI in the Large Magellanic Cloud


  I summarize Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) observations of
interstellar O VI absorption towards 12 early-type stars in the Large
Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the closest disk galaxy to the Milky Way. LMC O VI is
seen towards all 12 stars with properties (average column densities,
kinematics) very similar to those of the Milky Way halo, even though O/H in the
LMC is lower by a factor of ~2.5. Sight lines projected onto known LMC
superbubbles show little enhancement in O VI column density compared to sight
lines towards quiescent regions of the LMC. The O VI absorption is displaced by
\~-30 km/sec from the corresponding low-ionization absorption associated with
the bulk of the LMC gas. The LMC O VI most likely arises in a
vertically-extended distribution, and I discuss the measurements in the context
of a halo composed of radiatively-cooling hot gas. In this case, the mass-flow
rate from one side of the LMC disk is of the order 1 solar mass/yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40833 </DOCNO>
Direct Search for Charged Higgs Bosons in Decays of Top Quarks


  We present a search for charged Higgs bosons in decays of pair-produced top
quarks in pbar p collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV using 62.2 pb^-1 of data
recorded by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. No evidence is
found for signal, and we exclude at 95% confidence most regions of the (M
higgs, tan beta) parameter space where the decay t->H b has a branching
fraction greater than 0.36 and B(H -> tau nu) is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114032 </DOCNO>
Detection of QED vacuum nonlinearities in Maxwell's equations by the use


  We present a novel method for detecting nonlinearities, due to quantum
electrodynamics through photon-photon scattering, in Maxwell's equation. The
photon-photon scattering gives rise to self-interaction terms, which are
similar to the nonlinearities due to the polarisation in nonlinear optics.
These self-interaction terms vanish in the limit of parallel propagating waves,
but if instead of parallel propagating waves the modes generated in wavesguides
are used, there will be a non-zero total effect. Based on this idea, we
calculate the nonlinear excitation of new modes and estimate the strength of
this effect. Furthermore, we suggest a principal experimental setup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97974 </DOCNO>
Some extremely amenable groups


  A topological group $G$ is extremely amenable if every continuous action of
$G$ on a compact space has a fixed point. Using the concentration of measure
techniques developed by Gromov and Milman, we prove that the group of
automorphisms of a Lebesgue space with a non-atomic measure is extremely
amenable with the weak topology but not with the uniform one. Strengthening a
de la Harpe's result, we show that a von Neumann algebra is approximately
finite-dimensional if and only if its unitary group with the strong topology is
the product of an extremely amenable group with a compact group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86509 </DOCNO>
Quintessence and Brane world scenarios


  We discuss the possibility of quintessence in the dilatonic domain walls
including the Randall-Sundrum brane world. We obtain the zero mode effective
action for gravitating objects in the dilatonic domain wall. First we consider
the four dimensional (4D) gravity and the Brans-Dicke graviscalar with a
potential. This can be further rewritten as a minimally coupled scalar with the
Liouville-type potential in the Einstein frame. However this model fails to
induce the quintessence on the dilatonic domain wall because the potential is
negative. Second we consider the 4D gravity with the dilaton. In this case we
find also a negative potential. Any negative potential gives us negative energy
density and positive pressure, which does not lead to an accelerating universe.
Consequently it turns out that the zero mode approach of the dilatonic domain
wall cannot accommodate the quintessence in cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2293 </DOCNO>
Observation of an unusual field dependent slow magnetic relaxation and


  An unusual field dependent slow magnetic relaxation and two distinct
transitions were observed in a family of new rare earth-transition metal
complexes, [Ln (bipy) (H$_{2}$O)$_{4}$ M(CN)$_{6}$] $\cdot $1.5 (bipy) $ \cdot
$ 4H$_{2}$O (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; Ln = Gd$^{3+}$,Y$^{3+}$; M = Fe$ ^{3+}$,
Co$^{3+}$). The novel magnetic relaxation, which is quite different from those
in normal spin glasses and superparamagnets but very resembles qualitatively
those in single-molecule magnet Mn$_{12}$-Ac even if they possess different
structures, might be attributed to the presence of frustration that is
incrementally unveiled by the external magnetic field. The two distinct
transitions in [GdFe] were presumed from DC and AC susceptibility as well as
heat capacity measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123837 </DOCNO>
Radial Oscillations of Neutron Stars in Strong Magnetic Fields


  The eigen frequencies of radial pulsations of neutron stars are calculated in
a strong magnetic field. At low densities we use the magnetic BPS equation of
state(EOS) similar to that obtained by Lai and Shapiro while at high densities
the EOS obtained from the relativistic nuclear mean field theory is taken and
extended to include strong magnetic field. It is found that magnetised neutron
stars support higher maximum mass where as the effect of magnetic field on
radial stability for observed neutron star masses is minimal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97199 </DOCNO>
Some Liouville Theorems for the p-Laplacian


  We present several Liouville type results for the $p$-Laplacian in $\R^N$.
Suppose that
 $h$ is a nonnegative regular function such that $$ h(x) = a|x|^\gamma\ {\rm
for}\ |x|\ {\rm large},\ a>0\ {\rm and}\ \gamma> -p. $$ We obtain the following
non -existence result:
  1) Suppose that $N>p>1$, and $u\in W^{1,p}_{loc} (\R^N)\cap {\cal C} (\R^N)$
is a nonnegative weak solution of $ - {\rm div} (|\nabla u|^{p-2 }\nabla u)
\geq h(x) u^q \;\;\mbox{in }\; \R^N $ . Suppose that $p-1< q\leq
{(N+\gamma)(p-1)\over N-p}$ then $u\equiv 0$.
  2) Let $N\leq p$. If $u\in W^{1,p}_{loc} (\R^N)\cap {\cal C} (\R^N)$ is a
weak solution bounded below of $-{\rm div} (|\nabla u|^{p-2 }\nabla u)\geq 0$
in $\R^N$ then $u$ is constant.
  3) Let $N>p$ if $u$ is bounded from below and $-{\rm div} (|\nabla u|^{p-2
}\nabla u)=0$ in $\R^N$ then $u$ is constant.
  4)If $ -\Delta_p u+h(x) u^q\leq 0, $. If $q> p-1$, then $u\equiv 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86662 </DOCNO>
The thin string limit of Cosmic Strings coupled to gravity


  The thin string limit of Cosmic Strings is investigated using a description
in terms of Colombeau's theory of nonlinear generalised functions. It is shown
that in this description the energy-momentum tensor has a well defined thin
string limit. Furthermore the deficit angle of the conical spacetime that one
obtains in the limit may be given in terms of the distributional
energy-momentum tensor. On the other hand it is only in the special case of
critical coupling that the energy-momentum tensor defined in the Colombeau
algebra is associated to a conventional distribution. The asymptotics of both
the matter and gravitational field are investigated in the thin string limit
and it is shown how this leads to the `conical approximation' which is valid
outside the inner core of the string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73431 </DOCNO>
Calculation of atmospheric neutrino flux


  A calculation of the fluxes of primary particles arriving to the Earth's
vicinity as well as those produced in the interactions of the primaries with
the atmosphere is presented. The result of calculations is compared with the
experimental data obtained with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS). A good
agreement of calculated and measured fluxes of charged particles supports the
viability of the atmospheric neutrino flux calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126618 </DOCNO>
Time and entropy


  This paper presents a new theory about the physics of time and as a result a
new interpretation of a cosmological redshift is given. We describe a
laboratory experiment, numerical estimates and observation effects, which can
test this new theory.
  Before making decision about this theory try to test anything described in
this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86584 </DOCNO>
Gravitational signals emitted by a point mass orbiting a neutron star: a


  We compute the energy spectra of the gravitational signals emitted when a
pointlike mass moves on a closed orbit around a non rotating neutron star,
inducing a perturbation of its gravitational field and its internal structure.
The Einstein equations and the hydrodynamical equations are perturbed and
numerically integrated in the frequency domain. The results are compared with
the energy spectra computed by the quadrupole formalism which assumes that both
masses are pointlike, and accounts only for the radiation emitted because the
orbital motion produces a time dependent quadrupole moment. The results of our
perturbative approach show that, in general, the quadrupole formalism
overestimates the amount of emitted radiation, especially when the two masses
are close. However, if the pointlike mass is allowed to move on an orbit so
tight that the keplerian orbital frequency resonates with the frequency of the
fundamental quasi-normal mode of the star (2w_K=w_f), this mode can be excited
and the emitted radiation can be considerably larger than that computed by the
quadrupole approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98449 </DOCNO>
Homotopy theory of diagrams


  In this paper we develop homotopy theoretical methods for studying diagrams.
In particular we explain how to construct homotopy colimits and limits in an
arbitrary model category. The key concept we introduce is that of a model
approximation. Our key result says that if a category admits a model
approximation then so does any diagram category with values in this category.
  From the homotopy theoretical point of view categories with model
approximations have similar properties to those of model categories. They admit
homotopy categories (localizations with respect to weak equivalences). They
also can be used to construct derived functors by taking the analogs of fibrant
and cofibrant replacements.
  A category with weak equivalences can have several useful model
approximations. We take advantage of this possibility and in each situation
choose one that suits our needs. In this way we prove all the fundamental
properties of the homotopy colimit and limit: Fubini Theorem (the homotopy
colimit -respectively limit- commutes with itself), Thomason's theorem about
diagrams indexed by Grothendieck constructions, and cofinality statements.
Since the model approximations we present here consist of certain functors
"indexed by spaces", the key role in all our arguments is played by the
geometric nature of the indexing categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127827 </DOCNO>
Supernovae in isolated galaxies, in pairs and in groups of galaxies


  In order to investigate the influence of the environment on the supernova
(SN) production we have performed a statistical investigation of the SNe
discovered in isolated galaxies, in pairs and in groups of galaxies. 22 SNe in
18 isolated galaxies, 48 SNe in 40 galaxies members of 37 pairs and 211 SNe in
170 galaxies members of 116 groups have been selected and studied. We found
that the radial distributions of core-collapse SNe in galaxies located in
different environments are similar, and consistent with that reported by
Bartunov, Makarova & Tsvetkov (1992). SNe discovered in pairs do not privilege
a particular direction with respect to the companion galaxy. Also the azimuthal
distributions inside the hosts members of galaxy groups are consistent with
being isotropics. The fact that SNe are more frequent in the brighter
components of the pairs and groups is expected from the dependence of the SN
rates on the galaxy luminosity. There is an indication that the SN rate is
higher in galaxy pairs compared with that in groups. This can be related to the
enhanced star formation rate in strongly interacting systems. It is concluded
that, with the possible exception of strongly interacting system, the parent
galaxy environment has no direct influence on the SN production

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40997 </DOCNO>
Realization of the Large Mixing Angle Solar Neutrino Solution in an


  An SO(10) supersymmetric grand unified model proposed earlier leading to the
solar solution involving ``just-so'' vacuum oscillations is reexamined to study
its ability to obtain the other possible solar solutions. It is found that all
four viable solar neutrino oscillation solutions can be achieved in the model
simply by modification of the right-handed Majorana neutrino mass matrix, M_R.
Whereas the small mixing and vacuum solutions are easily obtained with several
texture zeros in M_R, the currently-favored large mixing angle solution
requires a nearly geometric hierarchical form for M_R that leads by the seesaw
formula to a light neutrino mass matrix which has two or three texture zeros.
The form of the matrix which provides the ``fine-tuning'' necessary to achieve
the large mixing angle solution can be understood in terms of Froggatt-Nielsen
diagrams for the Dirac and right-handed Majorana neutrino mass matrices. The
solution fulfils several leptogenesis requirements which in turn can be
responsible for the baryon asymmetry in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128595 </DOCNO>
A very rapid Extreme Scattering Event in the IDV source 0954+658


  Extreme Scattering Events (ESEs) are dramatic variations of the flux density
at Gigahertz frequencies caused by ray path distortions within an isolated
inhomogeneity ("plasma lens") in the interstellar medium. These events are
characterized by a deep flux density minimum in the light curve with, in some
cases, surrounding maxima. The variability time scales range from weeks to
months. These phenomena show a strong frequency dependence, in which the
variability amplitudes increase with wavelength. During an Intraday Variability
(IDV) monitoring project (March 2000), a feature resembling an ESE-like event
appeared in the variable light curve of 0954+658, however with a time scale of
less than two days. We will discuss this effect and its implications for a
better description of the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74692 </DOCNO>
The Cold Big-Bang Cosmology as a Counter-example to Several Anthropic


  A general Friedmann big-bang cosmology can be specified by fixing a
half-dozen cosmological parameters such as the photon-to-baryon ratio Eta, the
cosmological constant Lambda, the curvature scale R, and the amplitude Q of
(assumed scale-invariant) primordial density fluctuations. There is currently
no established theory as to why these parameters take the particular values we
deduce from observations. This has led to proposed `anthropic' explanations for
the observed value of each parameter, as the only value capable of generating a
universe that can host intelligent life. In this paper, I explicitly show that
the requirement that the universe generates sun-like stars with planets does
not fix these parameters, by developing a class of cosmologies (based on the
classical `cold big-bang' model) in which some or all of the cosmological
parameters differ by orders of magnitude from the values they assume in the
standard hot big-bang cosmology, without precluding in any obvious way the
existence of intelligent life. I also give a careful discussion of the
structure and context of anthropic arguments in cosmology, and point out some
implications of the cold big-bang model's existence for anthropic arguments
concerning specific parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 931 </DOCNO>
Size effect on magnetism of Fe thin films in Fe/Ir superlattices


  In ferromagnetic thin films, the Curie temperature variation with the
thickness is always considered as continuous when the thickness is varied from
$n$ to $n+1$ atomic planes. We show that it is not the case for Fe in Fe/Ir
superlattices. For an integer number of atomic planes, a unique magnetic
transition is observed by susceptibility measurements, whereas two magnetic
transitions are observed for fractional numbers of planes. This behavior is
attributed to successive transitions of areas with $n$ and $n+1$ atomic planes,
for which the $T_c$'s are not the same. Indeed, the magnetic correlation length
is presumably shorter than the average size of the terraces. Monte carlo
simulations are performed to support this explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76620 </DOCNO>
The $\theta$-Vacua and the Leutwyler--Smilga Scaling Regime


  The partition function of QCD is studied in the Leutwyler--Smilga scaling
regime for an arbitrary number of quark flavors and masses including the
contributions from all winding numbers. For $N_f=2$ and degenerate quark
masses, the partition function becomes independent of the quark masses at
$\theta=\pi$ and subsequently the scalar chiral condensate vanishes. There is a
discontinuity at $\theta=\pi$ in the first derivative of the energy density
with respect to $\theta$ corresponding to the first--order phase transition in
which CP is spontaneously broken, known as Dashen's phenomena. These properties
are found to be insensitive to both the pattern of chiral symmetry breaking and
the representation of the quark fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74329 </DOCNO>
Indication for Light Sneutrinos and Gauginos from Precision Electroweak


  The present Standard Model fit of precision data has a low confidence level,
and is characterized by a few inconsistencies. We look for supersymmetric
effects that could improve the agreement among the electroweak precision
measurements and with the direct lower bound on the Higgs mass. We find that
this is the case particularly if the 3.6 sigma discrepancy between sin^2
theta_eff from leptonic and hadronic asymmetries is finally settled more on the
side of the leptonic ones. After the inclusion of all experimental constraints,
our analysis selects light sneutrinos, with masses in the range 55-80 GeV, and
charged sleptons with masses just above their experimental limit, possibly with
additional effects from light gauginos. The phenomenological implications of
this scenario are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124395 </DOCNO>
Observations of Circumstellar Disks


  The imaging of disks around young stars presents extreme challenges in high
dynamic range, angular resolution, and sensitivity. Recent instrumental
advances have met these challenges admirably, leading to a marked increase in
imaging discoveries. These have opened up a new era in studies of the origin of
planetary systems. Questions about our own solar system's formation, and of the
prevalence of extra-solar planets, are now addressed with complementary
techniques at different wavelengths. Optical and near-infrared images detail
scattered light from disks at the highest possible resolution. Mid-infrared,
sub-millimeter, and millimeter-wave techniques probe thermal dust continuum
radiation. Millimeter-wave interferometry details the small-scale structure of
the molecular gas. Kinematic imaging studies affirm the disk interpretation of
mm-wave continuum surveys, and the high incidence rate for solar nebula
analogs. Inner holes, azimuthal asymmetries, and gaps suggest the presence of
underlying planetary bodies. The combined techniques provide a
multi-dimensional picture of disks in time and have strengthened our
understanding of the connection between disks and planets. Future progress is
assured by the presence of much-improved imaging capability looming on the
horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75566 </DOCNO>
Generalization of the Dick Model


  We discuss a model with a massless scalar coupling to the Yang-Mills SU(2)
gauge field in four-dimensional space-time. The solutions from static,
pointlike colour source are given. There exists not only solutions with finite
energy but also singular one which describes confinement. The confining
potential depends on the $\delta$ parameter of our model. The regular magnetic
monopole solutions as well as the singular dyon configurations are also
obtained. We fit the $\delta $ parameter to the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96444 </DOCNO>
Roles of Log-concavity, log-convexity, and growth order in white noise


  In this paper we will develop a systematic method to answer the questions
$(Q1)(Q2)(Q3)(Q4)$ (stated in Section 1) with complete generality. As a result,
we can solve the difficulties $(D1)(D2)$ (discussed in Section 1) without
uncertainty. For these purposes we will introduce certain classes of growth
functions $u$ and apply the Legendre transform to obtain a sequence which leads
to the weight sequence $\{\a(n)\}$ first studied by Cochran et al. \cite{cks}.
The notion of (nearly) equivalent functions, (nearly) equivalent sequences and
dual Legendre functions will be defined in a very natural way. An application
to the growth order of holomorphic functions on $\ce_c$ will also be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126303 </DOCNO>
Globular Cluster Systems in the Hydra I Galaxy Cluster


  In this contribution, first results of deep VLT photometry (V,I) in the
central region of the Hydra I galaxy cluster are presented. Many star clusters
have been identified not only around several early-type galaxies, but also in
the intra-cluster field, as far as 250 kpc from the cluster center. Outside the
bulges of the central galaxies NGC 3311 and NGC 3309, the intra-cluster
globular cluster system is dominated by blue clusters whose spatial
distribution is similar to that of the (newly discovered) dwarf galaxies in
Hydra I. The color distributions of globular clusters around NGC 3311 and NGC
3309 are multimodal, with a sharp blue peak and a slightly broader distribution
of the red cluster population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97354 </DOCNO>
Knotted contractible 4-manifolds in the 4-sphere


  Examples are given to show that some compact contractible 4-manifolds can be
knotted in the 4-sphere. It is then proved that any finitely presented perfect
group with a balanced presentation is a knot group for an embedding of some
contractible 4-manifold in the 4-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169101 </DOCNO>
Against "knowledge"


  Quantum "states" are objective probability measures. Because their dependence
on a time is not the time dependence of an evolving state, they are neither
states of Nature nor "states of knowledge." There is no such thing as an
evolving state. This disposes of the problem posed by the apparent existence of
two modes of evolution. What essentially stands in the way of a consistent
ontological interpretation of the quantum theory is our habit of projecting
into the quantum world the detached, intrinsically differentiated
spatiotemporal background of classical physics, for this is what entails the
existence of an evolving state. An objective probability measure is the formal
expression of an objective indefiniteness, such as the positional
indefiniteness that contributes to "fluff out" matter. An objective
indefiniteness entails that the values of certain observables are extrinsic
(possessed because they are indicated) rather than intrinsic (indicated because
they are possessed). This dependence on value-indicating facts is not a
dependence on anything external to the quantum world. The latter constitutes a
free-standing reality that owes nothing to observers, "information," or our
interventions into "the course of Nature."

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 840 </DOCNO>
Charge superselection rule does not rule out pure states of subsystems


  We consider a huge quantum system that is subject to the charge
superselection rule, which requires that any pure state must be an eigenstate
of the total charge. We regard some parts of the system as "subsystems," and
the rest as an environment E. We assume that one does not measure anything of
E, i.e., one is only interested in observables of the subsystems. We show that
there exist states with the following properties: (i) Its reduced density
operator is completely equivalent to a vector state of the subsystems for any
gauge-invariant observable of the subsystems. (ii) The vector state is a simple
product of vector states of individual subsystems, each of which is not an
eigenstate of the charge of each subsystem. Furthermore, one can associate to
each subsystem its vector state, which is a pure state, and observables which
are not necessarily gauge invariant in each subsystem. These results justify
taking (a) superpositions of states with different charges, and (b)
non-gauge-invariant operators, such as the order parameter of the breaking of
the gauge symmetry, as observables, for subsystems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7381 </DOCNO>
Exchange Interaction in Binuclear Complexes with Rare Earth and Copper


  We have used a many-body model Hamiltonian to study the nature of the
magnetic ground state of hetero-binuclear complexes involving rare-earth and
copper ions. We have taken into account all diagonal repulsions involving the
rare-earth 4f and 5d orbitals and the copper 3d orbital. Besides, we have
included direct exchange interaction, crystal field splitting of the rare-earth
atomic levels and spin-orbit interaction in the 4f orbitals. We have identified
the inter-orbital $4f$ repulsion, U$_{ff}$ and crystal field parameter,
$\Delta_f$ as the key parameters involved in controlling the type of exchange
interaction between the rare earth $4f$ and copper 3d spins. We have explored
the nature of the ground state in the parameter space of U$_{ff}$, $\Delta_f$,
spin-orbit interaction strength $\lambda$ and the $4f$ filling n$_f$. We find
that these systems show low-spin or high-spin ground state depending on the
filling of the $4f$ levels of the rare-earth ion and ground state spin is
critically dependent on U$_{ff}$ and $\Delta_f$. In case of half-filling
(Gd(III)) we find a reentrant low-spin state as U$_{ff}$ is increased, for
small values of $\Delta_f$, which explains the recently reported apparent
anomalous anti-ferromagnetic behaviour of Gd(III)-radical complexes. By varying
U$_{ff}$ we also observe a switch over in the ground state spin for other
fillings . We have introduced a spin-orbit coupling scheme which goes beyond
L-S or j-j coupling scheme and we find that spin-orbit coupling does not
significantly alter the basic picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96949 </DOCNO>
Absolutely indecomposable representations and Kac-Moody Lie algebras


  A conjecture of Kac states that the polynomial counting the number of
absolutely indecomposable representations of a quiver over a finite field with
given dimension vector has positive coefficients and furthermore that its
constant term is equal to the multiplicity of the corresponding root in the
associated Kac-Moody Lie algebra. In this paper we prove these conjectures for
indivisible dimension vectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3400 </DOCNO>
Quasi-particle Lifetimes in a d_{x^2-y^2} Superconductor


  We consider the lifetime of quasi-particles in a d-wave superconductor due to
scattering from antiferromagnetic spin-fluctuations, and explicitly separate
the contribution from Umklapp processes which determines the electrical
conductivity. Results for the temperature dependence of the total scattering
rate and the Umklapp scattering rate are compared with relaxation rates
obtained from thermal and microwave conductivity measurements, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97144 </DOCNO>
Higher-Degree Analogs of the Determinant Line Bundle


  In the first part of this paper, given a smooth family of Dirac-type
operators on an odd-dimensional closed manifold, we construct an abelian
gerbe-with-connection whose curvature is the three-form component of the
Atiyah-Singer families index theorem. In the second part of the paper, given a
smooth family of Dirac-type operators whose index lies in the i-th filtration
of the reduced K-theory of the parametrizing space, we construct a set of
Deligne cohomology class of degree i whose curvatures are the i-form component
of the Atiyah-Singer families index theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6100 </DOCNO>
Exact Finite-Size-Scaling Corrections to the Critical Two-Dimensional


  We compute the finite-size corrections to the free energy, internal energy
and specific heat of the critical two-dimensional spin-1/2 Ising model on a
triangular and hexagonal lattices wrapped on a torus. We find the general form
of the finite-size corrections to these quantities, as well as explicit
formulas for the first coefficients of each expansion. We analyze the
implications of these findings on the renormalization-group description of the
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3511 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo test of critical exponents and amplitudes in 3D Ising and


  We have tested the leading correction-to-scaling exponent omega in
O(n)-symmetric models on a three-dimensional lattice by analysing the recent
Monte Carlo (MC) data. We have found that the effective critical exponent,
estimated at finite sizes of the system L and L/2, decreases remarkably within
the range of the simulated L values. This shows the incorrectness of some
claims that omega has a very accurate value 0.845(10) at n=1. A selfconsistent
infinite volume extrapolation yields row estimates omega=0.547, omega=0.573,
and omega=0.625 at n=1, 2, and 3, respectively, in approximate agreement with
the corresponding exact values 1/2, 5/9, and 3/5 predicted by our recently
developed GFD (grouping of Feynman diagrams) theory. We have fitted the MC data
for the susceptibility of 3D Ising model at criticality showing that the
effective critical exponent eta tends to increase well above the usually
accepted values around 0.036. We have fitted the data within [L;8L], including
several terms in the asymptotic expansion with fixed exponents, to obtain the
effective amplitudes depending on L. This method clearly demonstrates that the
critical exponents of GFD theory are correct (the amplitudes converge to
certain asymptotic values at L tending to infinity), whereas those of the
perturbative renormalization group (RG) theory are incorrect (the amplitudes
diverge). A modification of the standard Ising model by introducing suitable
"improved" action (Hamiltonian) does not solve the problem in favour of the
perturbative RG theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73974 </DOCNO>
Vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 as the origin of mass gap and


  We propose a vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 consisting of gluons and
ghosts in the framework of the manifestly covariant gauge fixing of the SU(N)
Yang-Mills theory. This quantity is both BRST and anti-BRST invariant for any
gauge. It includes the ghost condensation $C^a \bar{C}^a$ proposed first in the
modified Maximal Abelian gauge and reduces to the gluon condensates
$(\mathscr{A}_\mu)^2$ of mass dimension 2 proposed recently in the Landau gauge
of the Lorentz gauge fixing. The vacuum condensate of dimensions 2 can provide
the effective mass for gluons and ghosts. The possible existence of such
condensations is demonstrated by calculating the operator product expansion of
the gluon and ghost propagators in both gauges. Its implications to quark
confinement are also discussed in consistent with the previous works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125439 </DOCNO>
A Dual Frequency, Multi-Year Monitoring Program of Compact Radio Sources


  We present light curves for 149 sources monitored with the Green Bank
Interferometer. The light curves are at two radio frequencies (approximately
2.5 and 8.2 GHz) and range from 3 to 15 yrs in length, covering the interval
1979--1996, and have a typical sampling of one flux density measurement every 2
days. We have used these light curves to conduct various variability analysis
(rms flux density variations and autoregressive, integrated, moving average
modeling) of these sources. We find suggestive, though not unambiguous
evidence, that these sources have a common, broadband mechanism for intrinsic
variations, in agreement with previous studies of a subset of these source. We
also find that the sources generally display a short-term variability (~ 10 d)
that arises from radio-wave scattering in an extended medium. These conclusions
extend those of Fiedler et al. (1987) who used a sub-sample of these data. The
primary motivation for this monitoring program was the identification of
extreme scattering events. In an effort to identify ESEs in a systematic
manner, we have taken the wavelet transform of the light curves. We find 15
events in the light curves of 12 sources that we classify as probable ESEs.
However, we also find that five ESEs previously identified from these data do
not survive our wavelet selection criteria. Future identification of ESEs will
probably continue to rely on both visual and systematic methods. Instructions
for obtaining the data are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114472 </DOCNO>
A Guerilla Approach to Control System Development


  We present our experiences in managing the development cycles of the control
systems for ANKA and the ALMA Common Software. Our team consists practically
only of undergraduate students. Stimulating and rewarding the students with
cutting-edge technologies and travel to conferences like this and installation
fieldwork are an important positive factor in raising their motivation.
However, building any system with a group of inexperienced students is quite a
challenging task. Many problems occur with planning deadlines and missing them,
organizing and managing development, sources, and documentation and also when
dealing with conventional program management rules. To cope with them, we use
many tools: CVS for versioning and source archiving, Bugzilla for keeping our
bugs in order, a to-do list for managing tasks, an activity log and also many
other programs and scripts, some found on the Internet and some made by
ourselves. In the end, we had to become organized like a professional company.
Documentation and demos can be found on our homepage: http://kgb.ijs.si/KGB.
Because of powerful intranet/web front-ends of all those tools, our Internet
pages are the central resource for developers, who work mostly off-site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149412 </DOCNO>
Twisted N=8, D=2 super Yang-Mills theory as example of a Hodge-type


  It is shown that the dimensional reduction of the N_T=2, D=3 Blau-Thompson
model to D=2, i.e., the novel topological twist of N=8, D=2 super Yang-Mills
theory, provides an example of a Hodge-type cohomological theory. In that
theory the generators of the topological shift, co-shift and gauge symmetry,
together with a discrete duality operation, are completely analogous to the de
Rham cohomology operators and the Hodge *-operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169152 </DOCNO>
Lie Symmetry, discrete symmetry and supersymmetry of the Pauli


  Starting from the full group of symmetries of a system we select a discrete
subset of transformations which allows to introduce the Clifford algebra of
operators generating new supercharges of extended supersymmetry. The system
defined by the Pauli Hamiltonian is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148638 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic properties of the quantum vacuum


  An extension of the fundamental laws of thermodynamics and of the concept of
entropy to the ground state fluctuations of the quantum fields is studied and
some new results are found. At the end a device to extract energy from the
vacuum recently proposed by an author is critically analyzed. It is found that
no energy can be extracted cyclically from the vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85695 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Statistical Mechanics: A model


  Using the quantum Hamiltonian for a gravitational system with boundary, we
find the partition function and derive the resulting thermodynamics. The
Hamiltonian is the boundary term required by functional differentiability of
the action for Lorentzian general relativity. In this model, states of quantum
geometry are represented by spin networks. We show that the statistical
mechanics of the model reduces to that of a simple non-interacting gas of
particles with spin. Using both canonical and grand canonical descriptions, we
investigate two temperature regimes determined by the fundamental constant in
the theory, m. In the high temperature limit (kT > m), the model is
thermodynamically stable. For low temperatures (kT < m) and for macroscopic
areas of the bounding surface, the entropy is proportional to area (with
logarithmic correction), providing a simple derivation of the
Bekenstein-Hawking result. By comparing our results to known semiclassical
relations we are able to fix the fundamental scale. Also in the low
temperature, macroscopic limit, the quantum geometry on the boundary forms a
`condensate' in the lowest energy level (j=1/2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74534 </DOCNO>
A lower bound on the local extragalactic magnetic field


  Assuming that the hard gamma-ray emission of Cen A is a result of synchrotron
radiation of ultra-relativistic electrons, we derive a lower bound on the local
extragalactic magnetic field, $B> 10^{-8}$ G. This result is consistent with
(and close to) upper bounds on magnetic fields derived from consideration of
cosmic microwave background distortions and Faraday rotation measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179438 </DOCNO>
Quark model study of the triton bound stat


  The three-nucleon bound state problem is studied employing nucleon-nucleon
potentials derived from a basic quark-quark interaction. We analyze the effects
of the nonlocalities generated by the quark model. The calculated triton
binding energies indicate that quark-model nonlocalities can yield additional
binding in the order of few hundred keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126697 </DOCNO>
HI absorption from the central kpc of radio galaxies: effect of


  We present a summary of recent studies of HI absorption in radio galaxies.
The results show how the absorption can be due to a variety of phenomena and
how they can help us in understanding more of what is happening in and around
AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84071 </DOCNO>
Distribution of Mutual Information


  The mutual information of two random variables i and j with joint
probabilities t_ij is commonly used in learning Bayesian nets as well as in
many other fields. The chances t_ij are usually estimated by the empirical
sampling frequency n_ij/n leading to a point estimate I(n_ij/n) for the mutual
information. To answer questions like "is I(n_ij/n) consistent with zero?" or
"what is the probability that the true mutual information is much larger than
the point estimate?" one has to go beyond the point estimate. In the Bayesian
framework one can answer these questions by utilizing a (second order) prior
distribution p(t) comprising prior information about t. From the prior p(t) one
can compute the posterior p(t|n), from which the distribution p(I|n) of the
mutual information can be calculated. We derive reliable and quickly computable
approximations for p(I|n). We concentrate on the mean, variance, skewness, and
kurtosis, and non-informative priors. For the mean we also give an exact
expression. Numerical issues and the range of validity are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3469 </DOCNO>
Spin-density-wave instabilities in the organic conductor (TMTSF)_2ClO_4:


  We study the spin-density-wave instabilities in the quasi-one-dimensional
conductor (TMTSF)_2ClO_4. The orientational order of the anions ClO_4 doubles
the unit cell and leads to the presence of two electrnic bands at the Fermi
level. From the Ginzburg-Landau expansion of the free energy, we determine the
low-temperature phase diagram as a function of the strength of the Coulomb
potential due to the anions. Upon increasing the anion potential, we first find
a SDW phase corresponding to an interband pairing. This SDW phase is rapidly
supressed, the metallic phase being then stable down to zero temperature. The
SDW instability is restored when the anion potential becomes of the order of
the hopping amplitude. The metal-SDW transition corresponds to an intraband
pairing which leaves half of the Fermi surface metallic. At lower temperature,
a second transition, corresponding to the other intraband pairing, takes place
and opens a gap on the whole Fermi surface. We discuss the consequences of our
results for the experimental phase diagram of (TMTSF)_2ClO_4 at high magnetic
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7353 </DOCNO>
Slow relaxation experiments in disordered charge and spin density waves:


  We show that the dynamics of disordered charge density waves (CDWs) and spin
density waves (SDWs) is a collective phenomenon. The very low temperature
specific heat relaxation experiments are characterized by: (i) ``interrupted''
ageing (meaning that there is a maximal relaxation time); and (ii) a broad
power-law spectrum of relaxation times which is the signature of a collective
phenomenon. We propose a random energy model that can reproduce these two
observations and from which it is possible to obtain an estimate of the glass
cross-over temperature (typically $T_g \simeq 100 - 200$ mK). The broad
relaxation time spectrum can also be obtained from the solutions of two
microscopic models involving randomly distributed solitons. The collective
behavior is similar to domain growth dynamics in the presence of disorder and
can be described by the dynamical renormalization group that was proposed
recently for the one dimensional random field Ising model [D.S. Fisher, P. Le
Doussal and C. Monthus, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 80}, 3539 (1998)]. The typical
relaxation time scales like $\tau^{\rm typ} \sim \tau_0 \exp{(T_g/T)}$. The
glass cross-over temperature $T_g$ related to correlations among solitons is
equal to the average energy barrier and scales like $T_g \sim 2 x \xi_0
\Delta$. $x$ is the concentration of defects, $\xi_0$ the correlation length of
the CDW or SDW and $\Delta$ the charge or spin gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127020 </DOCNO>
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies and


  Over the last decade, cosmological observations have attained a level of
precision which allows for very detailed comparison with theoretical
predictions. We are beginning to learn the answers to some fundamental
questions, using information contained in Cosmic Microwave Background
Anisotropy (CMBA) data. In this talk, we briefly review some studies of the
current and prospected constraints imposed by CMBA measurements on the neutrino
physics and on the dark energy. As it was already announced by Scott (1999), we
present some possible "new physics" from the Cosmic Microwave Background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179201 </DOCNO>
Effects of neutron-proton interaction in doubly odd deformed nuclei


  We have investigated the effects of the neutron-proton interaction in several
doubly odd deformed nuclei within the framework of the particle-rotor model. In
this paper, we show some selected results of our study which evidence the
importance of the tensor-force effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125305 </DOCNO>
New Southern Groups


  Since the eighties we have begun, in Brazil, a search for Post-T Tauri stars.
Here we describe the main steps of this research that resulted in the discovery
of the nearby TW Hya and Horologium associations. A very recent survey resulted
in the detection of three different kinematical groups: 1) the Great Austral
Young Association, which is a very extended complex region involving the
Horologium and Tucana associations, 2) a CrA extend association and 3) a new
group in Pisces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114002 </DOCNO>
Relativistic spherical symmetries


  The observational "black holes" are quite different objects from the
theoretical black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129216 </DOCNO>
Chromospherically young, kinematically old stars


  We have investigated a group of stars known to have low chromospheric ages,
but high kinematical ages. Isochrone, chemical and lithium ages are estimated
for them. The majority of stars in this group show lithium abundances much
smaller than expected for their chromospheric ages, which is interpreted as an
indication of their old age. Radial velocity measurements in the literature
also show that they are not close binaries. The results suggest that they can
be formed from the coalescence of short-period binaries. Coalescence rates,
calculated taking into account several observational data and a maximum
theoretical time scale for contact, in a short-period pair, predict a number of
coalesced stars similar to what we have found in the solar neighbourhood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124796 </DOCNO>
The flux-dependent amplitude of broadband noise variability in X-ray


  Standard shot-noise models, which seek to explain the broadband noise
variability that characterises the X-ray lightcurves of X-ray binaries and
active galaxies, predict that the power spectrum of the X-ray lightcurve is
stationary (i.e. constant amplitude and shape) on short time-scales. We show
that the broadband noise power spectra of the black hole candidate Cyg X-1 and
the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 are intrinsically
non-stationary, in that RMS variability scales linearly with flux.
Flux-selected power spectra confirm that this effect is due to changes in
power-spectral amplitude and not shape. The lightcurves of three Seyfert
galaxies are also consistent with a linear relationship between RMS variability
and flux, suggesting that it is an intrinsic feature of the broadband noise
variability in compact accreting systems over more than 6 decades of central
object mass. The RMS variability responds to flux variations on all measured
time-scales, raising fundamental difficulties for shot-noise models which seek
to explain this result by invoking variations in the shot parameters. We
suggest that models should be explored where the longest time-scale variations
are fundamental and precede the variations on shorter time-scales. Possible
models which can explain the linear RMS-flux relation include the fractal
break-up of large coronal flares, or the propagation of fluctuations in mass
accretion rate through the accretion disk. The linear relationship between RMS
variability and flux in Cyg X-1 and SAX J1808.4-3658 is offset on the flux
axis, suggesting the presence of a second, constant-flux component to the
lightcurve which contributes 25% of the total flux. The spectrum of this
constant component is similar to the total spectrum [abridged].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3189 </DOCNO>
Radial marginal perturbation of two-dimensional systems and conformal


  The conformal mapping w=(L/2\pi)\ln z transforms the critical plane with a
radial perturbation \alpha\rho^{-y} into a cylinder with width L and a constant
deviation \alpha(2\pi/L)^y from the bulk critical point when the decay exponent
y is such that the perturbation is marginal. From the known behavior of the
homogeneous off-critical system on the cylinder, one may deduce the correlation
functions and defect exponents on the perturbed plane. The results are
supported by an exact solution for the Gaussian model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4802 </DOCNO>
Energy Relaxation in Nonlinear One-Dimensional Lattices


  We study energy relaxation in thermalized one-dimensional nonlinear arrays of
the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam type. The ends of the thermalized systems are placed in
contact with a zero-temperature reservoir via damping forces. Harmonic arrays
relax by sequential phonon decay into the cold reservoir, the lower frequency
modes relaxing first. The relaxation pathway for purely anharmonic arrays
involves the degradation of higher-energy nonlinear modes into lower energy
ones. The lowest energy modes are absorbed by the cold reservoir, but a small
amount of energy is persistently left behind in the array in the form of almost
stationary low-frequency localized modes. Arrays with interactions that contain
both a harmonic and an anharmonic contribution exhibit behavior that involves
the interplay of phonon modes and breather modes. At long times relaxation is
extremely slow due to the spontaneous appearance and persistence of energetic
high-frequency stationary breathers. Breather behavior is further ascertained
by explicitly injecting a localized excitation into the thermalized array and
observing the relaxation behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124067 </DOCNO>
Layer Formation in Semiconvection


  Layer formation in a thermally destabilized fluid with stable density
gradient has been observed in laboratory experiments and has been proposed as a
mechanism for mixing molecular weight in late stages of stellar evolution in
regions which are unstable to semiconvection. It is not yet known whether such
layers can exist in a very low viscosity fluid: this work undertakes to address
that question. Layering is simulated numerically both at high Prandtl number
(relevant to the laboratory) in order to describe the onset of layering
intability, and the astrophysically important case of low Prandtl number. It is
argued that the critical stability parameter for interfaces between layers, the
Richardson number, increases with decreasing Prandtl number. Throughout the
simulations the fluid has a tendency to form large scale flows in the first
convecting layer, but only at low Prandtl number do such structures have
dramatic consequences for layering. These flows are shown to drive large
interfacial waves whose breaking contributes to significant mixing across the
interface. An effective diffusion coefficient is determined from the simulation
and is shown to be much greater than the predictions of both an enhanced
diffusion model and one which specifically incorporates wave breaking. The
results further suggest that molecular weight gradient interfaces are
ineffective barriers to mixing even when specified as initial conditions, such
as would arise when a compositional gradient is redistributed by another
mechanism than buoyancy, such as rotation or internal waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41494 </DOCNO>
Open Charm Production at HERA


  Measurements of charmed particle cross sections at HERA in the
photoproduction and deep inelastic regimes are reviewed. The status of the
comparison with perturbative QCD calculations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73989 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneity and Nonlinear Preheating


  We investigated the possibility that nonlinear gravitational effects
influence the preheating era after inflation, using numerical solutions of the
inhomogeneous Einstein field equations. We compared our results to perturbative
calculations and to solutions of the nonlinear field equations in a rigid
(unperturbed) spacetime, in order to isolate gravitational phenomena. We
confirm the broad picture of preheating obtained from the nonlinear field
equations in a rigid background, but find gravitational effects have a
measurable impact on the dynamics. The longest modes in the simulation grow
much more rapidly in the relativistic calculation than with a rigid background.
We used the Weyl tensor to quantify the departure from homogeneity in the
universe. We saw no evidence for the sort of gravitational collapse that leads
to the formation of primordial black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128535 </DOCNO>
A catalogue of galaxies behind the southern Milky Way. - II. The Crux


  In this second paper of the catalogue series of galaxies behind the southern
Milky Way, we report on the deep optical galaxy search in the Crux region
(289deg <= l <= 318deg and -10deg <= b <= 10deg) and the Great Attractor region
(316deg <= l <= 338deg and -10deg <= b <= 10deg). The galaxy catalogues are
presented, a brief description of the galaxy search given, as well as a
discussion on the distribution and characteristics of the uncovered galaxies. A
total of 8182 galaxies with major diameters D >= 0.2 arcmin were identified in
this ~850 square degree area: 3759 galaxies in the Crux region and 4423
galaxies in the Great Attractor region. Of the 8182 galaxies, 229 (2.8%) were
catalogued before in the optical (3 in radio) and 251 galaxies have a reliable
(159), or likely (92) cross-identification in the IRAS Point Source Catalogue
(3.1%). A number of prominent overdensities and filaments of galaxies are
identified. They are not correlated with the Galactic foreground extinction and
hence indicative of extragalactic large-scale structures. Redshifts obtained at
the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) for 518 of the newly
catalogued galaxies in the Crux and Great Attractor regions (Fairall et al.
1998; Woudt et al. 1999) confirm distinct voids and clusters in the area here
surveyed. With this optical galaxy search, we have reduced the width of the
optical `Zone of Avoidance' for galaxies with extinction-corrected diameters
larger than 1.3 arcmin from extinction levels A_B >= 1.0 mag to A_B >= 3.0 mag:
the remaining optical Zone of Avoidance is now limited by |b| <= 3deg (see Fig.
16).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85821 </DOCNO>
Quasilocal Thermodynamics of Kerr and Kerr-anti-de Sitter Spacetimes and


  We consider the quasilocal thermodynamics of rotating black holes in
asymptotically flat and asymptotically anti de Sitter spacetimes. Using the
minimal number of intrinsic boundary counterterms inspired by the AdS/CFT
correspondence, we find that we are able to carry out an analysis of the
thermodynamics of these black holes for virtually all possible values of the
rotation parameter and cosmological constant that leave the quasilocal boundary
well-defined, going well beyond what is possible with background subtraction
methods. Specifically, we compute the quasilocal energy $E$ and angular
momentum $J$ for arbitrary values of the rotation, mass and cosmological
constant parameters for the 3+1 dimensional Kerr, Kerr-AdS black holes and 2+1
dimensional BTZ black hole. We perform a quasilocal stability analysis and find
phase behavior that is commensurate with previous analyses carried out at
infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75218 </DOCNO>
Centrality Dependence of Baryon and Meson Momentum Distributions in


  The proton and neutron inclusive distributions in the projectile
fragmentation region of $pA$ collisions are studied in the valon model.
Momentum degradation and flavor changes due to the nuclear medium are described
at the valon level using two parameters. Particle production is treated by
means of the recombination subprocess. The centrality dependences of the net
proton and neutron spectra of the NA49 data are satisfactorily reproduced. The
effective degradation length is determined to be 17 fm. Pion inclusive
distributions can be calculated without any adjustable parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98163 </DOCNO>
On ordinary forms and ordinary Galois representations


  This is a revised version of the preprint which has been available
electronically for a while. The paper will now appear in J. Ramanujan Math.
Soc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150153 </DOCNO>
Counting BPS states of the M-5brane


  An on-shell model for the supersymmetric index counting multiplicities of BPS
states of the M5-brane theory is reviewed. In particular we explicitly study
the tensionless Little String states appearing at intersections in a bound
state of $N$ 5-branes wrapped on a six-manifold with product topology
$M_4\times T^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2619 </DOCNO>
Coherent State Path Integral for Bloch Particle


  We construct a coherent state path integral formalism for the one-dimensional
Bloch particle within the single band model. The transition amplitude between
two coherent states is a sum of transition amplitudes with different winding
numbers on the two-dimensional phase space which has the same topology as that
of the cylinder. Appearance of the winding number is due to the periodicity of
the quasi-momentum of the Bloch particle. Our formalism is successfully applied
to a semiclassical motion of the Bloch particle under a uniform electric field.
The wave packet exhibits not only the Bloch oscillation but also a similar
breathing to the one for the squeezed state of a harmonic oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74514 </DOCNO>
Schwinger-Dyson approach to non-equilibrium classical field theory


  In this paper we discuss a Schwinger-Dyson [SD] approach for determining the
time evolution of the unequal time correlation functions of a non-equilibrium
classical field theory, where the classical system is described by an initial
density matrix at time $t=0$. We focus on $\lambda \phi^4$ field theory in 1+1
space time dimensions where we can perform exact numerical simulations by
sampling an ensemble of initial conditions specified by the initial density
matrix. We discuss two approaches. The first, the bare vertex approximation
[BVA], is based on ignoring vertex corrections to the SD equations in the
auxiliary field formalism relevant for 1/N expansions. The second approximation
is a related approximation made to the SD equations of the original formulation
in terms of $\phi$ alone. We compare these SD approximations as well as a
Hartree approximation with exact numerical simulations. We find that both
approximations based on the SD equations yield good agreement with exact
numerical simulations and cure the late time oscillation problem of the Hartree
approximation. We also discuss the relationship between the quantum and
classical SD equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40925 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity of Charged and Neutral Pions in Deep-Inelastic Scattering


  Measurements of the individual multiplicities of pi+, pi- and pi0 produced in
the deep-inelastic scattering of 27.5 GeV positrons on hydrogen are presented.
The average charged pion multiplicity is the same as for neutral pions, up to
approximately z= 0.7, where z is the fraction of the energy transferred in the
scattering process carried by the pion. This result (below z= 0.7) is
consistent with isospin invariance. The total energy fraction associated with
charged and neutral pions is 0.51 +/- 0.01 (stat.) +/- 0.08 (syst.) and 0.26
+/- 0.01 (stat.) +/- 0.04 (syst.), respectively. For fixed z, the measured
multiplicities depend on both the negative squared four momentum transfer Q^2
and the Bjorken variable x. The observed dependence on Q^2 agrees qualitatively
with the expected behaviour based on NLO-QCD evolution, while the dependence on
x is consistent with that of previous data after corrections have been made for
the expected Q^2-dependence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148700 </DOCNO>
Four loop wave function renormalization in the non-abelian Thirring


  We compute the anomalous dimension of the fermion field with N_f flavours in
the fundamental representation of a general Lie colour group in the non-abelian
Thirring model at four loops. The implications on the renormalization of the
two point Green's function through the loss of multiplicative renormalizability
of the model in dimensional regularization due to the appearance of evanescent
four fermi operators are considered at length. We observe the appearance of one
new colour group Casimir, d_F^{abcd} d_F^{abcd}, in the final four loop result
and discuss its consequences for the relation of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov
critical exponents in the Wess Zumino Witten Novikov model to the non-abelian
Thirring model. Renormalization scheme changes are also considered to ensure
that the underlying Fierz symmetry broken by dimensional regularization is
restored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5426 </DOCNO>
Single-particle spectra near a stripe instability


  We analyze the single-particle spectra of a bi-layered electron system near a
stripe instability and compare the results with ARPES experiments on the Bi2212
cuprate superconductor near optimum doping, addressing also the issue of the
puzzling absence of bonding-antibonding splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97586 </DOCNO>
Structure Theorem for Covariant Bundles on Quantum Homogeneous Spaces


  The natural generalization of the notion of bundle in quantum geometry is
that of bimodule. If the base space has quantum group symmetries one is
particularly interested in bimodules covariant (equivariant) under these
symmetries. Most attention has so far been focused on the case with maximal
symmetry -- where the base space is a quantum group and the bimodules are
bicovariant. The structure of bicovariant bimodules is well understood through
their correspondence with crossed modules.
  We investigate the ``next best'' case -- where the base space is a quantum
homogeneous space and the bimodules are covariant. We present a structure
theorem that resembles the one for bicovariant bimodules. Thus, there is a
correspondence between covariant bimodules and a new kind of ``crossed''
modules which we define. The latter are attached to the pair of quantum groups
which defines the quantum homogeneous space.
  We apply our structure theorem to differential calculi on quantum homogeneous
spaces and discuss a related notion of induced differential calculus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98681 </DOCNO>
The homology of string algebras I


  We show that string algebras are `homologically tame' in the following sense:
First, the syzygies of arbitrary representations of a finite dimensional string
algebra $\Lambda$ are direct sums of cyclic representations, and the left
finitistic dimensions, both little and big, of $\Lambda$ can be computed from a
finite set of cyclic left ideals contained in the Jacobson radical. Second, our
main result shows that the functorial finiteness status of the full subcategory
$\Cal P$ consisting of the finitely generated left $\Lambda$-modules of finite
projective dimension is completely determined by a finite number of, possibly
infinite dimensional, string modules -- one for each simple $\Lambda$-module --
which are algorithmically constructible from quiver and relations of $\Lambda$.
Namely, $\Cal P$ is contravariantly finite in $\Lambda$-mod precisely when all
of these string modules are finite dimensional, in which case they coincide
with the minimal $\Cal P$-approximations of the corresponding simple modules.
Yet, even when $\Cal P$ fails to be contravariantly finite, these
`characteristic' string modules encode, in an accessible format, all desirable
homological information about $\Lambda$-mod.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74812 </DOCNO>
Color Superconductivity: Symmetries and Effective Lagrangians


  I briefly review the symmetries and the associated low energy effective
Lagrangian for two light flavor Color Superconductivity (2SC).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81464 </DOCNO>
Is the Graviton a Domain Wall Glueball?


  Strong coupling calculations for the glueball spectrum in an $AdS^7$ black
hole are modified by introducing an UV cut-off at a Planck brane. A new
normalizable state in the tensor spectrum is found which reproduces
Einstein-Hilbert gravity up to exponentially small corrections due to off shell
mixing with massive glueballs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125428 </DOCNO>
Very low luminosities from the accretion-driven millisecond X-ray pulsar


  We have observed the millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 on three
occasions during its 2000 outburst with the BeppoSAX satellite. The source was
highly variable and erratic during this outburst, and by coincidence we
obtained data only during times when the source had very low luminosities.
During our observations, we detected four faint sources. The source closest to
the position of SAX J1808.4-3658 is still ~1.6' away. This source can only be
identified with SAX J1808.4-3658 if we assume that the BeppoSAX positional
reconstruction is not completely understood. We also reanalyzed a BeppoSAX
observation taken in March 1999 when the source was in quiescence and during
which the source was thought to have been detected (Stella et al. 2000). Based
on the similarities (position and luminosity) of this source with the above
mentioned source ~1.6' away from SAX J1808.4-3658, it is possible that they are
the same source. If this source is not the millisecond pulsar, then during all
BeppoSAX observations of SAX J1808.4-3658 (the 2000 outburst ones and the 1999
quiescent one), the millisecond pulsar was not detected. A reanalysis of the
ASCA quiescent data of SAX J1808.4-3658 (Dotani, Asai, & Wijnands 2000)
confirms that during this observation the source was securely detected in
quiescence. We discuss our results for SAX J1808.4-3658 in the context of the
quiescent properties of low-mass X-ray binary transients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7189 </DOCNO>
Magnetic coupling between mesoscopic superconducting rings


  Using the nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau theory we investigated the dependence of
the magnetic coupling between two concentric mesoscopic superconducting rings
on their thickness. The size of this magnetic coupling increases with the
thickness of the rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3244 </DOCNO>
Phase Behaviour of Amphiphilic Monolayers: Theory and Simulation


  Coarse grained models of monolayers of amphiphiles (Langmuir monolayers) have
been studied theoretically and by computer simulations. We discuss some of the
insights obtained with this approach, and present new simulation results which
show that idealised models can successfully reproduce essential aspects of the
generic phase behaviour of Langmuir monolayers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 199 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator transition in PF6 doped polypyrrole: interchain charge


  We performed dielectric spectroscopy on polypyrrole near the metal-insulator
transition (MIT) down to 2 K. We evaluate the dependence of the plasma
frequency and the scattering time (t) on the distance to the MIT, characterized
by the Fermi-level relative to the band-edge of extended states, E_F-E_c.
Especially the strong decrease of t with increasing E_F-E_c is in conflict with
the usually applied models for the MIT. Although morphology and disorder are
important, the MIT is Mott-Hubbard-like being dominated by the competition of
interchain charge transfer and electronic correlation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148545 </DOCNO>
Local Fields on the Brane Induced by Nonlocal Fields in the Bulk


  We investigate quantum field theory in a bulk space with boundary, which
represents a 3-brane. Both flat and anti-de Sitter backgrounds are considered.
The basic idea is to keep local commutativity only on the brane, giving up this
requirement in the bulk. We explore the consequences of this proposal,
constructing a large family of nonlocal bulk fields, whose brane relatives are
local. We estimate the ultraviolet behavior of these local brane fields,
characterizing a subfamily which generates renormalizable theories on the
brane. The issue of brane conformal invariance and the relation between bulk
and brane conserved currents are also examined in this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124271 </DOCNO>
Search for an Near-IR Counterpart to the Cas A X-ray Point Source


  We report deep near-infrared and optical observations of the X-ray point
source in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant, CXO J232327.9+584842. We have
identified a J=21.4 +/- 0.3 mag and Ks=20.5 +/- 0.3 mag source within the
1-sigma error circle, but we believe this source is a foreground Pop II star
with Teff=2600-2800 K at a distance of ~2 kpc, which could not be the X-ray
point source. We do not detect any sources in this direction at the distance of
Cas A, and therefore place 3-sigma limits of R >~ 25 mag, F675W >~ 27.3 mag, J
>~ 22.5 mag and Ks >~ 21.2 mag (and roughly H >~ 20 mag) on emission from the
X-ray point source, corresponding to M_{R} >~ 8.2 mag, M_{F675W} >~ 10.7 mag,
M_{J} >~ 8.5 mag, M_{H} >~ 6.5 mag, and M_{Ks} >~ 8.0 mag, assuming a distance
of 3.4 kpc and an extinction A_{V}=5 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75171 </DOCNO>
Open and closed CDM isocurvature models contrasted with the CMB data


  We consider pure isocurvature cold dark matter models in the case of open and
closed universe. We allow for a large spectral tilt and scan the 6-dimensional
parameter space for the best fit to the COBE, Boomerang, and Maxima-1 data.
Taking into account constraints from large-scale structure and big bang
nucleosynthesis, we find a best fit with $\chi^2 = 121$, which is to be
compared to $\chi^2 = 44$ of a flat adiabatic reference model. Hence the
current data strongly disfavour pure isocurvature perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86600 </DOCNO>
Properties of r modes in rotating magnetic neutron stars. II. Evolution


  The evolution of the r-mode instability is likely to be accompanied by
secular kinematic effects which will produce differential rotation with large
scale drifts of fluid elements, mostly in the azimuthal direction. As first
discussed by Rezzolla, Lamb and Shapiro 2000, the interaction of these secular
velocity fields with a pre-existing neutron star magnetic field could result in
the generation of intense and large scale toroidal fields. Following their
derivation in the companion paper, we here discuss the numerical solution of
the evolution equations for the magnetic field. The values of the magnetic
fields obtained in this way are used to estimate the conditions under which the
r-mode instability might be prevented or suppressed. We also assess the impact
of the generation of large magnetic fields on the gravitational wave
detectability of r-mode unstable neutron stars. Our results indicate that the
signal to noise ratio in the detection of gravitational waves from the r-mode
instability might be considerably decreased if the latter develops in neutron
stars with initial magnetic fields larger than 10^10 G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113869 </DOCNO>
Phase-Transitions in a model for the formation of herpes simplex ulcers


  The critical properties of a cellular automaton model describing the
spreading of infection of the Herpes Simplex Virus in corneal tissue are
investigated through the dynamic Monte Carlo method. The model takes into
account different cell susceptibilities to the viral infection, as suggested by
experimental findings. In a two-dimensional square lattice, the sites are
associated to two distinct types of cells, namely, permissive and resistant to
the infection. While a permissive cell becomes infected in the presence of a
single infected cell in its neighborhood, a resistant cell needs to be
surrounded by at least R>1 infected or dead cells in order to become infected.
The infection is followed by the death of the cells resulting in ulcers whose
forms may be dendritic (self-limited clusters) or amoeboid (percolating
clusters) depending on the degree of resistance R of the resistant cells as
well as on the density of permissive cells in the healthy tissue. We show that
a phase transition between these two regimes occurs only for R>=5 and, in
addition, that the phase-transition is in the universality class of the
ordinary percolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72431 </DOCNO>
|Delta B|=1 Weak Effective Lagrangian in the Minimal Flavor Violation


  To evaluate the weak decays of b-hadrons, the $\Delta B=1$ weak effective
Lagrangian is the foundation. Any new physics beyond the standard model (SM)
would contribute to the effective Lagrangian through the loop integration at
the weak scale and evolution from the weak scale down to the hadronic scale. In
this work we present a systematic analysis on the effective Lagrangian which
mediates hadronic $|\Delta B|=1$ processes in the framework of the minimal
flavor violation supersymmetry as well as a numerical evaluation of the Wilson
coefficients in the effective theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127813 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of Cold Fronts in Cluster of Galaxies


  High-resolution Chandra images of several clusters of galaxies reveal sharp,
edge-like discontinuities in their gas density. The gas temperature is higher
in front of the edge where the density is low, corresponding to approximately
continuous pressure across the edge. This new phenomenon was called ``cold
fronts'', to contrast it to shock fronts that should look similar in X-ray
images but where the temperature should jump in the opposite direction. The
first cold fronts were discovered in merging clusters, where they appear to
delineate the boundaries of dense cool subcluster remnants moving through and
being stripped by the surrounding shock-heated gas. Later, Chandra revealed
cold fronts in the central regions of several apparently relaxed clusters. To
explain the gas bulk motion in these clusters, we propose either a peculiar
cluster formation history that resulted in an oscillating core, or gas sloshing
(without the involvement of the underlying dark matter peak) caused by past
subcluster infall or central AGN activity. We review these observations and
discuss their implications for the X-ray cluster mass estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2073 </DOCNO>
Simulating Particle Dispersions in Nematic Liquid-Crystal Solvents


  A new method is presented for mesoscopic simulations of particle dispersions
in nematic liquid crystal solvents. It allows efficient first-principle
simulations of the dispersions involving many particles with many-body
interactions mediated by the solvents. A simple demonstration is shown for the
aggregation process of a two dimentional dispersion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73301 </DOCNO>
Massive fermion production in nonsingular superstring cosmology


  We study massive spin-1/2 fermion production in nonsingular superstring
cosmology, taking into account one-loop quantum corrections to a superstring
effective action with dilaton and modulus fields. While no creation occurs in
the massless limit, massive fermions can be produced by the existence of a
time-dependent frequency. Due to the increase of the Hubble expansion rate
during the modulus-driven phase, the occupation of number of fermions continues
to grow until the point of the graceful exit, after which fermion creation
ceases with the decrease of the Hubble rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87190 </DOCNO>
Static Generalized Brans-Dicke Universe and Gravitational Waves


  We find a static solution for the scale-factor in a Brans-Dicke generalized
theory where the scalar field and the coupling constant vary with time. We find
also that in the early Universe there may be amplification of gravitational
waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114363 </DOCNO>
Quantum catastrophe of slow light


  Catastrophes are at the heart of many fascinating optical phenomena. The
rainbow, for example, is a ray catastrophe where light rays become infinitely
intense. The wave nature of light resolves the infinities of ray catastrophes
while drawing delicate interference patterns such as the supernumerary arcs of
the rainbow. Black holes cause wave singularities. Waves oscillate with
infinitely small wave lengths at the event horizon where time stands still. The
quantum nature of light avoids this higher level of catastrophic behaviour
while producing a quantum phenomenon known as Hawking radiation. As this letter
describes, light brought to a standstill in laboratory experiments can suffer a
similar wave singularity caused by a parabolic profile of the group velocity.
In turn, the quantum vacuum is forced to create photon pairs with a
characteristic spectrum. The idea may initiate a theory of quantum
catastrophes, in addition to classical catastrophe theory, and the proposed
experiment may lead to the first direct observation of a phenomenon related to
Hawking radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40809 </DOCNO>
LCD ROOT Simulation and Analysis Tools


  The North American Linear Collider Detector group has developed a simulation
program package based on the ROOT system. The package consists of Fast
simulation, the reconstruction of the Full simulated data, and physics analysis
utilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41822 </DOCNO>
Results on CP Violation from Belle


  I describe the recent measurement of the CP violating parameter $\sin 2
\phi_1 =(0.99\pm 0.14\pm 0.05)$ from the Belle experiment at KEK.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76630 </DOCNO>
Critical Fluctuations at RHIC


  On the basis of universal scaling properties, we claim that in Au+Au
collisions at RHIC, the QCD critical point is within reach. The signal turns
out to be an extended plateau of net baryons in rapidity with approximate
height of the net-baryon rapidity density approximately 15 and a strong
intermittency pattern with index s_2=1/6 in rapidity fluctuations. A window
also exists, to reach the critical point at the SPS, especially in Si+Si
collisions at maximal energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127836 </DOCNO>
Lick Spectral Indices for Super Metal-rich Stars


  The Lick Fe5015, Fe5270, Fe5335, Mgb and Mg2 indices are presented for 139
candidate SMR stars of different luminosity class studied in Malagnini et al.
(2000). Evidence is found for a standard (i.e. [Mg/Fe]~0) Mg vs. Fe relative
abundance. Both the Worthey et al. (1994) and Buzzoni et al. (1992, 1994)
fitting functions are found to suitably match the data at super-solar
metallicity regimes. See http://www.merate.mi.astro.it/~eps/home.html for
further details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123401 </DOCNO>
Gamma Ray Pulsars: Observations


  High-energy gamma rays are a valuable tool for studying particle acceleration
and radiation in the magnetospheres of energetic pulsars. The six or more
pulsars seen by CGRO/EGRET show that: the light curves usually have double-peak
structures (suggesting a broad cone of emission); gamma rays are frequently the
dominant component of the radiated power; and all the spectra show evidence of
a high-energy turnover. Unless a new pulsed component appears at higher
energies, progress in gamma-ray pulsar studies will be greatest in the 1-20 GeV
range. Ground-based telescopes whose energy ranges extend downward toward 10
GeV should make important measurements of the spectral cutoffs. The Gamma-ray
Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST), now in planning for a launch in 2005, will
provide a major advance in sensitivity, energy range, and sky coverage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83962 </DOCNO>
Multivariant Branching Prediction, Reflection, and Retrospection


  In branching simulation, a novel approach to simulation presented in this
paper, a multiplicity of plausible scenarios are concurrently developed and
implemented. In conventional simulations of complex systems, there arise from
time to time uncertainties as to which of two or more alternatives are more
likely to be pursued by the system being simulated. Under these conditions the
simulationist makes a judicious choice of one of these alternatives and embeds
this choice in the simulation model. By contrast, in the branching approach,
two or more of such alternatives (or branches) are included in the model and
implemented for concurrent computer solution. The theoretical foundations for
branching simulation as a computational process are in the domains of
alternating Turing machines, molecular computing, and E-machines. Branching
simulations constitute the development of diagrams of scenarios representing
significant, alternative flows of events. Logical means for interpretation and
investigation of the branching simulation and prediction are provided by the
logical theories of possible worlds, which have been formalized by the
construction of logical varieties. Under certain conditions, the branching
approach can considerably enhance the efficiency of computer simulations and
provide more complete insights into the interpretation of predictions based on
simulations. As an example, the concepts developed in this paper have been
applied to a simulation task that plays an important role in radiology - the
noninvasive treatment of brain aneurysms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148481 </DOCNO>
Dirac Branes, Characteristic Currents and Anomaly Cancellations in


  The aim of this note is to discuss, in a somewhat informal language, the
cancellation of anomalies (in topologically trivial space-time) for 5-branes
using as "building blocks": i) a generalization to p-branes of the Dirac
strings of monopoles (Dirac branes) and a refinement of this idea involving a
geometric regularization of Dirac branes, leading to the formalism of
"characteristic currents" ii) the PST formalism . As an example of the
potentiality of the developed framework we discuss in some detail the anomaly
cancellation in the D=10 effective theory of heterotic string and 5-brane
coupled to supergravity, where the anomaly inflow is automatically generated.
Some remarks are also made on a similar approach to the problem of anomaly
cancellation in the effective theory of M5-brane coupled to D=11 supergravity,
developed in collaboration with M.Tonin, where however still as open problem
remains a Dirac anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76167 </DOCNO>
The sigma-Meson Production in Excited Upsilon Decay Processes


  We analyze the pipi production amplitudes in the excited Upsilon decay
processes, Upsilon (2S) to Upsilon (1S)pi^+pi^-, Upsilon (3S) to Upsilon
(1S)pi^+pi^- and Upsilon (3S) to Upsilon (2S)pi^+pi^-, and the pipi and KKbar
production amplitudes in the charmonium decay processes, psi (2S) to Jpsi
pi^+pi^- and Jpsi to phi pi^+pi^-, phi K^+K^-, including the possible effect of
light sigma production. The amplitudes are parametrized by the sum of
Breit-Wigner amplitudes for the sigma and the other relevant particles and of
the direct 2pi-production amplitude, following the VMW method. All the pipi
(and KKbar mass spectra are reproduced well with the obtained values of
sigma-parameters, m_sigma =526(+48,-37)MeV and Gamma_sigma =301(+145,-100)MeV,
which is almost consistent with the values in our previous phase shift
analyses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87104 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of spacetime and their relation to initial value problems


  We consider covariant metric theories of coupled gravity-matter systems
satisfying the following two conditions: First, it is assumed that, by a
hyperbolic reduction process, a system of first order symmetric hyperbolic
partial differential equations can be deduced from the matter field equations.
Second, gravity is supposed to be coupled to the matter fields by requiring
that the Ricci tensor is a smooth function of the basic matter field variables
and the metric. It is shown then that the ``time'' evolution of these type of
gravity-matter systems preserves the symmetries of initial data specifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1517 </DOCNO>
Which Kubo formula gives the exact conductance of a mesoscopic


  In both research and textbook literature one often finds two ``different''
Kubo formulas for the zero-temperature conductance of a non-interacting Fermi
system. They contain a trace of the product of velocity operators and
single-particle (retarded and advanced) Green operators: $\text{Tr} (\hat{v}_x
\hat{G}^r \hat{v}_x \hat{G}^a)$ or $\text{Tr} (\hat{v}_x \text{Im} \hat{G}
\hat{v}_x \text{Im} \hat{G})$. The study investigates the relationship between
these expressions, as well as the requirements of current conservation, through
exact evaluation of such quantum-mechanical traces for a nanoscale (containing
1000 atoms) mesoscopic disordered conductor. The traces are computed in the
semiclassical regime (where disorder is weak) and, more importantly, in the
nonperturbative transport regime (including the region around
localization-delocalization transition) where concept of mean free path ceases
to exist. Since quantum interference effects for such strong disorder are not
amenable to diagrammatic or nonlinear $\sigma$-model techniques, the evolution
of different Green function terms with disorder strength provides novel insight
into the development of an Anderson localized phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7254 </DOCNO>
Patterns in hydraulic ripples with binary granular mixtures


  An experimental study of a binary granular mixture submitted to a transient
shear flow in a cylindrical container is reported. The formation of ripples
with a spiral shape is observed. The appearance of phase segregation in those
spiral patterns is shown. The relative grain size bewteen sand species is found
to be a relevant parameter leading to phase segregation. However, the relative
repose angle is an irrelevant parameter. The formation of sedimentary
structures is also presented. They result from a ripple climbing process. The
``sub-critical'' or ``super-critical'' character of the lamination patterns is
shown to depend on the rotation speed of the container.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125804 </DOCNO>
Viability of primordial black holes as short period gamma-ray bursts


  It has been proposed that the short period gamma-ray bursts, which occur at a
rate of $\sim 10 {\rm yr^{-1}}$, may be evaporating primordial black holes
(PBHs). Calculations of the present PBH evaporation rate have traditionally
assumed that the PBH mass function varies as $M_{{\rm BH}}^{-5/2}$. This mass
function only arises if the density perturbations from which the PBHs form have
a scale invariant power spectrum. It is now known that for a scale invariant
power spectrum, normalised to COBE on large scales, the PBH density is
completely negligible, so that this mass function is cosmologically irrelevant.
For non-scale-invariant power spectra, if all PBHs which form at given epoch
have a fixed mass then the PBH mass function is sharply peaked around that
mass, whilst if the PBH mass depends on the size of the density perturbation
from which it forms, as is expected when critical phenomena are taken into
account, then the PBH mass function will be far broader than $ M_{{\rm
BH}}^{-5/2}$. In this paper we calculate the present day PBH evaporation rate,
using constraints from the diffuse gamma-ray background, for both of these mass
functions. If the PBH mass function has significant finite width, as recent
numerical simulations suggest, then it is not possible to produce a present day
PBH evaporation rate comparable with the observed short period gamma-ray burst
rate. This could also have implications for other attempts to detect
evaporating PBHs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97603 </DOCNO>
Jordan maps on standard operator algebras


  Jordan isomorphisms of rings are defined by two equations. The first one is
the equation of additivity while the second one concerns multiplicativity with
respect to the so-called Jordan product. In this paper we present results
showing that on standard operator algebras over spaces with dimension at least
2, the bijective solutions of that second equation are automatically additive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87143 </DOCNO>
On the Quantum Origin of the Mixmaster Chaos Covariance


  Our analysis shows how the covariant chaotic behavior characterizing the
evolution of the Mixmaster cosmology near the initial singularity can be taken
as the semiclassical limit in the canonical quantization performed by the
corresponding Hamiltonian representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114227 </DOCNO>
Results from a Prototype Permanent Magnet Dipole-Quadrupole Hybrid for


  We describe the construction of a prototype hybrid permanent magnet dipole
and quadruple. The magnet consists of two concentric rings of SmCo magnetic
material 5 cm in length. The outer ring is made of 16 uniformly magnetized
blocks assembled as a Halbach dipole and the inner ring has 32 blocks oriented
in a similar fashion so as to generate a quadruple field. The resultant
superimposed field is an offset quadruple field which allows us to center the
field on the high-energy beam in the interaction region of the PEPII B factory.
The dipole blocks are glued to the inside surface of an outer support collar
and the quadruple blocks are held in a fixture that allows radial adjustment of
the blocks prior to potting the entire assembly with epoxy. An extensive
computer model of the magnet has been made and from this model we developed a
tuning algorithm that allowed us to greatly reduce the n=3-17 harmonics of the
magnet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150160 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative quantum mechanics as a constrained system


  It is shown that quantum mechanics on noncommutative spaces (NQM) can be
obtained by the canonical quantization of some underlying second class
constrained system formulated in extended configuration space. It leads, in
particular, to an intriguing possibility of quantization in terms of the
initial (noncommutative) variables. Two different formulations are discissed.
The first one is appropriate for at most quadratic potential. The
noncommutativity parameter and rank of matrix of the constraint brackets depend
on the potential. It explains appearance of two phases of the resulting NQM.
The second formulation is appropriate for an arbitrary potential. In both cases
the corresponding Lagrangian action is presented and quantized, which leads to
quantum mechanics with ordinary product replaced by the Moyal product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98521 </DOCNO>
A Generalise Harbourne-Hirschowitz Conjecture


  A conjecture for higher order separation on generic rational surfaces with
some new results about standard divisors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174669 </DOCNO>
Coulomb and nuclear breakup effects in the single neutron removal


  We analyze the recently obtained new data on the partial cross sections and
parallel momentum distributions for transitions to ground as well as excited
states of the 16C core, in the one-neutron removal reaction 197Au(17C,16C
gamma)X at the beam energy of 61 MeV/nucleon. The Coulomb and nuclear breakup
components of the one-neutron removal cross sections have been calculated
within a finite range distorted wave Born approximation theory and an eikonal
model, respectively. The nuclear contributions dominate the partial cross
sections for the core excited states. By adding the nuclear and Coulomb cross
sections together, a reasonable agreement is obtained with the data for these
states. The shapes of the experimental parallel momentum distributions of the
core states are described well by the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98297 </DOCNO>
A note on the index of cone differential operators


  We prove that the index formula for $b$-elliptic cone differential operators
given by M. Lesch holds verbatim for operators whose coefficients are not
necessarily independent of the normal variable near the boundary. We also show
that, for index purposes, the operators can always be considered on weighted
Sobolev spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129337 </DOCNO>
1RXS J232953.9+062814: a New SU UMa Dwarf Nova below the Period Minimum


  1RXS J232953.9+062814 was identified as a cataclysmic variable by Wei et al.
(1999). Four low-resolution spectra of 1RXS J232953.9+062814 were obtained by
using the 2.16-m telescope of the National Astronomical Observatories, in which
two of them were at outburst, and the other two were at quiescence. The system
is about 16.8 B and 16.5 V at quiescence, and 12.6 B and 12.6 V at outburst.
The quiescent spectra were dominated by double-peaked Balmer emissions, which
indicates a hydrogen-rich system with a high-inclination accretion disc. MgH
and TiO absorption bands appeared in the quiescent spectrum imply a companion
with a spectral type of early M dwarf. If we take it as a M0 dwarf, the system
is located at a distance of 350 pc with a proper motion velocity 150 km
s$^{-1}$. The superhump period of 0.046311 days (Uemura et al. 2001) was
confirmed by our V photometry. The short period and the hydrogen-rich nature
reveal that this system is another SU Ursae Majoris-type dwarf nova below the
period minimum after V485 Centauri. 1RXS J232953.9+062814 is one of the most
important systems for studying the evolutionary scenario of cataclysmic
variables since it is much brighter than V485 Cen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149857 </DOCNO>
Stability of Antisymmetric Tensor Fields of Chern-Simons Type in AdS


  Stability of massive antisymmetric tensor fields with the Chern-Simons type
action in anti de Sitter spacetime is studied. It is found that there exists a
complete set of solutions whose energy is conserved and positive definite if
the mass is positive. Scalar products of the solutions are shown to be
well-defined and conserved. In contrast to the previously studied scalar field
case there is no other set of stable solutions with a different kind of
boundary condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2587 </DOCNO>
Quantum phases in artificial molecules


  The many-body state of carriers confined in a quantum dot is controlled by
the balance between their kinetic energy and their Coulomb correlation. In
coupled quantum dots, both can be tuned by varying the inter-dot tunneling and
interactions. Using a theoretical approach based on the diagonalization of the
exact Hamiltonian, we show that transitions between different quantum phases
can be induced through inter-dot coupling both for a system of few electrons
(or holes) and for aggregates of electrons and holes. We discuss their
manifestations in addition energy spectra (accessible through capacitance or
transport experiments) and optical spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74847 </DOCNO>
Physical Reach of a Neutrino Factory in the 2+2 and 3+1 Four-Family


  We compare the physical reach of a Neutrino Factory in the 2+2 and 3+1
four-family models, with similar results in the two schemes; in both cases
huge CP-violating effects can be observed with a near detector in the $\nu_\mu
\to \nu_\tau$ channel. We also study the capability of long baseline
experiments (optimized for the study of the three-family mixing parameter
space) in distinguishing a three (active) neutrino model from a four-family
scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1554 </DOCNO>
Low autocorrelated multi-phase sequences


  The interplay between the ground state energy of the generalized Bernasconi
model to multi-phase, and the minimal value of the maximal autocorrelation
function, $C_{max}=\max_K{|C_K|}$, $K=1,..N-1$, is examined analytically and
the main results are: (a) The minimal value of $\min_N{C_{max}}$ is
$0.435\sqrt{N}$ significantly smaller than the typical value for random
sequences $O(\sqrt{\log{N}}\sqrt{N})$. (b) $\min_N{C_{max}}$ over all sequences
of length N is obtained in an energy which is about 30% above the ground-state
energy of the generalized Bernasconi model, independent of the number of phases
m. (c) The maximal merit factor $F_{max}$ grows linearly with m. (d) For a
given N, $\min_N{C_{max}}\sim\sqrt{N/m}$ indicating that for m=N,
$\min_N{C_{max}}=1$, i.e. a Barker code exits. The analytical results are
confirmed by simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41762 </DOCNO>
Present Status of VEPP-5 Control System


  This report concerns the present status of VEPP-5 control system. The control
system hardware consists of CAMAC blocks, a set of crate controllers based on
INMOS transputers and ICL-1900 architecture processor Odrenok, and
Pentium-based workstations. For small tasks simple serial CAMAC controllers are
used. For slow controls of power supplies the CANBUS is begun being used. The
workstations are running Linux and are connected via local net using TCP/IP.
Odrenok crate controllers are joined into other local net and are used for
control of equipment in high voltage pulse condition (klystron gallery).
Transputer crate controllers are linked directly to the server computer and are
used for high performance diagnostics (BPM). The three-level software complies
the so-called ``standard model''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128422 </DOCNO>
Early-type galaxies in the SDSS


  A sample of nearly 9000 early-type galaxies, in the redshift range
0.01<z<0.3, was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using morphological
and spectral criteria. The sample was used to study how early-type galaxy
observables, including luminosity L, effective radius R, surface brightness I,
color, and velocity dispersion V, are correlated with one another. Measurement
biases are understood with mock catalogs which reproduce all of the observed
scaling relations. At any given redshift, the intrinsic distribution of
luminosities, sizes and velocity dispersions in our sample are all
approximately Gaussian. In the r* band L ~ V^3.91, L ~ R^1.58, R ~ I^(-0.75),
and the Fundamental Plane relation is R ~ V^(1.49) I^(-0.75). These relations
are approximately the same in the g*, i* and z* bands. At fixed luminosity, the
mass-to-light ratio scales as M/L ~ L^0.14. The g*-r* color scales as V^0.25.
Color also correlates with magnitude and size, but these correlations are
entirely due to the L-V and R-V relations. Chemical evolution and star
formation histories are investigated using co-added spectra of similar objects
in our sample. Chemical abundances correlate primarily with velocity
dispersion. At fixed V, the higher redshift population is bluer, is weaker in
Mg2, and is stronger in Hbeta than the population nearby. In addition, the
population at higher redshifts is slightly more luminous. These differences are
consistent with that of a passively evolving population which formed the bulk
of its stars about 9 Gyrs ago. The Fundamental Plane suggests that galaxies in
dense regions are slightly different from those in less dense regions, but the
co-added spectra and color--magnitude relations show no statistically
significant dependence on environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41831 </DOCNO>
R&D for a CCD Vertex Detector for the High Energy Linear e+e- Collider


  I summarise the status of the LCFI Collaboration R&D programme for a
CCD-based vertex detector for the linear collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97312 </DOCNO>
A Survey of Definitions of n-Category


  Many people have proposed definitions of `weak n-category'. Ten of them are
presented here. Each definition is given in two pages, with a further two pages
on what happens when n = 0, 1, or 2. The definitions can be read independently.
Chatty bibliography follows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7596 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structure of B-2p State in AlB2 Single Crystal: Direct


  X-ray emission (XES) and absorption (XAS) spectra near the B-$K$ edge were
measured on single-crystalline AlB$_2$ compound which is an isostructural
diboride of superconducting MgB$_2$. The partial density of states (PDOS) of
B-2$p\sigma$ and $p\pi$ orbitals were derived from the polarization dependence
of XES and XAS spectra. There are considerable amounts of PDOS near the Fermi
energy in AlB$_2$ similarly to that in MgB$_2$, but there are almost no PDOS in
$p\sigma$ orbitals of AlB$_2$ near the Fermi energy, i.e., a pseudo-gap in
$p\sigma$ state and a broad metallic state in $p\pi$ state are observed. The
present result indirectly supports scenarios that the $p\sigma$ holes play an
important role in the occurrence of superconductivity in MgB$_2$. The overall
features of PDOS were found to be in good agreement with the result of band
calculation of AlB$_2$, but a small discrepancy in the Fermi energy is
observed, which is attributed to the Al vacancy in the compounds, i.e., the
estimated concentration is Al$_{0.93}$B$_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5930 </DOCNO>
Nucleation of Market Shocks in Sornette-Ide model


  The Sornette-Ide differential equation of herding and rational trader
behaviour together with very small random noise is shown to lead to crashes or
bubbles where the price change goes to infinity after an unpredictable time.
About 100 time steps before this singularity, a few predictable roughly
log-periodic oscillations are seen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127866 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared ISO Limits on Dust Disks around Millisecond Pulsars


  We report 60 and 90 micron observations of 7 millisecond pulsars with the
ISOPHOT instrument and describe our analysis procedures. No pulsars were
detected, and typical (3\sigma) upper limits are 150 mJy. We combine our
results with others in the literature and use them to place constraints on the
existence of protoplanetary or dust disks around millisecond pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129381 </DOCNO>
A search for extragalactic H2O maser emission towards IRAS galaxies -


  We report the result of an on-going survey for 22 GHz H2O maser emission
towards infrared luminous galaxies. The observed galaxies were selected
primarily from the IRAS bright galaxy sample. The survey has resulted in the
detection of one new maser. The new maser was discovered towards the
[U]LIRG/merger galaxy NGC6240, which contains a LINER nucleus. This is the
first detection of an H2O maser towards this class of galaxy, they are
traditionally associated with OH megamaser sources. The detected maser emission
is highly redshifted (~ 260-300 km/s) with respect to the adopted systemic
velocity of the galaxy, and we identified no other significant emission at
velocities < +- 500 km/s relative to the systemic velocity. The presence of
high-velocity maser emission implies the possible existence of a rotating maser
disk formed in the merging process. The large maser luminosity (~ 40 Lo)
suggests that an active galactic nucleus could be the energy source that gives
rise to the water emission. Alternatively, the maser emission could be
associated with the previously observed double radio source in the centre of
the galaxy. Interferometric observations with high angular resolution will be
able to clarify the origin of the new maser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113844 </DOCNO>
Staggering effects in nuclear and molecular spectra


  It is shown that the recently observed Delta J = 2 staggering effect (i.e.
the relative displacement of the levels with angular momenta J, J+4, J+8, ...,
relatively to the levels with angular momenta J+2, J+6, J+10, ...) seen in
superdeformed nuclear bands is also occurring in certain electronically excited
rotational bands of diatomic molecules (YD, CrD, CrH, CoH), in which it is
attributed to interband interactions (bandcrossings). In addition, the Delta J
= 1 staggering effect (i.e. the relative displacement of the levels with even
angular momentum J with respect to the levels of the same band with odd J) is
studied in molecular bands free from Delta J = 2 staggering (i.e. free from
interband interactions/bandcrossings). Bands of YD offer evidence for the
absence of any Delta J = 1 staggering effect due to the disparity of nuclear
masses, while bands of sextet electronic states of CrD demonstrate that Delta J
= 1 staggering is a sensitive probe of deviations from rotational behaviour,
due in this particular case to the spin-rotation and spin-spin interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127348 </DOCNO>
Propagation of ultra-high energy protons in regular extragalactic


  We study the proton flux expected from a local source or sources of ultra
high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the presence of regular extragalactic
magnetic fields. It is assumed that the source(s) of ultra-high energy protons,
the observer and the magnetic field are all in a wall of matter concentration
with dimensions characteristic of the supergalactic plane. For such
configurations, the observed proton flux and the local cosmic ray energy
spectrum depend strongly on the strength of the field and the orientation of
the field relative to the observer's line of sight. We discuss the possibility
that such effects could contribute to the excess of UHECR above $5.10^{19}$ eV,
and that the sources of such particles may be missed if such magnetic fields
are not taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86743 </DOCNO>
Bulk Gravitational Field and Cosmological Perturbations on the Brane


  We investigate the effect of the bulk gravitational field on the cosmological
perturbations on a brane embedded in the 5D Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. The
effective 4D Einstein equations for the scalar cosmological perturbations on
the brane are obtained by solving the perturbations in the bulk. Then the
behaviour of the corrections induced by the bulk gravitational field to the
conventional 4D Einstein equation are determined. Two types of the corrections
are found. First we investigate the corrections which become significant at
scales below the AdS curvature scales and in the high energy universe with the
energy density larger than the tension of the brane. The evolution equation for
the perturbations on the brane is found and solved. Another type of the
corrections is induced on the brane if we consider the bulk perturbations which
do not contribute to the metric perturbations but do contribute to the matter
perturbations. At low energies, they have imaginary mass $m^2=-(2/3) \k^2$ in
the bulk where $\k$ is the 3D comoving wave number of the perturbations. They
diverge at the horizon of the AdS spacetime. The induced density perturbations
behave as sound waves with sound velocity $1/\sqrt{3}$ in the low energy
universe. At large scales, they are homogeneous perturbations that depend only
on time and decay like radiation. They can be identified as the perturbations
of the dark radiation. They produce isocurvature perturbations in the matter
dominated era. Their effects can be observed as the shifts of the location and
the height of the acoustic peak in the CMB spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 920 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic three-dimentional magnetic fluctuations in heavy fermion


  CeRhIn5 is a heavy fermion antiferromagnet that orders at 3.8 K. The
observation of pressure-induced superconductivity in CeRhIn5 at a very high Tc
of 2.1 K for heavy fermion materials has led to speculations regarding to its
magnetic fluctuation spectrum. Using magnetic neutron scattering, we report
anisotropic three-dimensional antiferromagnetic fluctuations with an energy
scale of less than 1.7 meV for temperatures as high as 3Tc. In addition, the
effect of the magnetic fluctuations on electrical resistivity is well described
by the Born approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74438 </DOCNO>
Effects of different Form-factors in Meson-Photon-Photon Transitions and


  The exact form of the form-factor associated with a meson-photon-photon
vertex is not known. Different suggestions exist, based on constraints from QCD
and on recent experiments. Four different form-factors are studied in this
article.
  We calculate decay rates for the decays $\pi^{0}\to \gamma\gamma$, $\eta\to
\gamma e^{+}e^{-}$, $\eta\to \mu^{+}\mu^{-} e^{+}e^{-}$} and $\eta\to
e^{+}e^{-} e^{+}e^{-}$ and cross sections for the processes $e^{+}e^{-}\to PS
e^{+}e^{-}$, where $PS=\pi^{0}$, $\eta$ or $\eta'$. The results depend on the
choice of form-factor and we examine if the differences are large enough to
distinguish in upcoming experiments.
  The dominant part of the light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous
magnetic moment is also calculated. Here the uncertainty around the choice of
form-factor implies that it is possible to estimate a smallest error in the
theoretical value of this contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41404 </DOCNO>
Search for Large Extra Dimensions at the Tevatron


  We report a search for large extra spatial dimensions in $p\bar{p}$
collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV at the Tevatron. We present
recent D0 results on graviton-mediated exchange processes, using events
containing a pair of electrons or photons. No evidence for signal is found,
allowing to place the most restrictive lower limits on the effective Planck
scale at the order of 1 TeV for several number of extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41610 </DOCNO>
Analytical theory of multipass crystal extraction


  An analytical theory for the efficiency of particle extraction from an
accelerator by means of a bent crystal is proposed. The theory agrees with all
the measurements performed in the broad energy range of 14 to 900 GeV, where
the efficiency range also spans over two decades, from 0.3% to 30%.
Possibilities for crystal extraction from sub-GeV accelerators and from muon
colliders are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113513 </DOCNO>
Velocity field distributions due to ideal line vortices


  We evaluate numerically the velocity field distributions produced by a
bounded, two-dimensional fluid model consisting of a collection of parallel
ideal line vortices. We sample at many spatial points inside a rigid circular
boundary. We focus on ``nearest neighbor'' contributions that result from
vortices that fall (randomly) very close to the spatial points where the
velocity is being sampled. We confirm that these events lead to a non-Gaussian
high-velocity ``tail'' on an otherwise Gaussian distribution function for the
Eulerian velocity field. We also investigate the behavior of distributions that
do not have equilibrium mean-field probability distributions that are uniform
inside the circle, but instead correspond to both higher and lower mean-field
energies than those associated with the uniform vorticity distribution. We find
substantial differences between these and the uniform case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128271 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Cores as Relics of Black Hole Mergers


  We investigate the hypothesis that the cores of elliptical galaxies and
bulges are created from the binding energy liberated by the coalescence of
supermassive binary black holes during galaxy mergers. Assuming that the
central density profiles of galaxies were initially steep power laws, we define
the ``mass deficit'' as the mass in stars that had to be removed from the
nucleus in order to produce the observed core. We use nonparametric
deprojection to compute the mass deficit in a sample of 35 early-type galaxies
with high-resolution imaging data. We find that the mass deficit correlates
well with the mass of the nuclear black hole, consistent with the predictions
of merger models. We argue that core sizes in halos of non-interacting dark
matter particles should be comparable to those observed in the stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4580 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of magnetism in stacked nanographite with open shell electrons


  Antiferromagnetism in stacked nanographite is investigated with using the
Hubbard-type models. The A-B stacking or the stacking near to that of A-B type
is favorable for the hexagonal nanographite with zigzag edges, in order that
magnetism appears. Next, we find that the open shell electronic structure can
be an origin of the decreasing magnetic moment with the decrease of the
inter-graphene distance, as experiments on adsorption of molecules suggest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74844 </DOCNO>
Scalar perturbations during multiple-field slow-roll inflation


  We calculate the scalar gravitational and matter perturbations in the context
of slow-roll inflation with multiple scalar fields, that take values on a
(curved) manifold, to first order in slow roll. For that purpose a basis for
these perturbations determined by the background dynamics is introduced and
multiple-field slow-roll functions are defined. To obtain analytic solutions to
first order, the scalar perturbation modes have to be treated in three
different regimes. Matching is performed by analytically identifying leading
order asymptotic expansions in different regions. Possible sources for
multiple-field effects in the gravitational potential are the particular
solution caused by the coupling to the field perturbation perpendicular to the
field velocity, and the rotation of the basis. The former can contribute even
to leading order if the corresponding multiple-field slow-roll function is
sizable during the last 60 e-folds. Making some simplifying assumptions, the
evolution of adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations after inflation is
discussed. The analytical results are illustrated and checked numerically with
the example of a quadratic potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6778 </DOCNO>
Urn model of separation of sand


  We introduce an urn model which describes spatial separation of sand. In this
dynamical model, in a certain range of parameters spontaneous symmetry breaking
takes place and equipartitioning of sand into two compartments is broken. The
steady-state equation for an order parameter, a critical line, and the
tricritical point on the phase diagram are found exactly. Master equation and
the first-passage problem for the model are solved numerically and the results
are used to locate first-order transitions. Exponential divergence of a certain
characteristic time shows that the model can also exhibit very strong
metastability. In certain cases characteristic time diverges as N^{z}, where N
is the number of balls and z=1/2 (critical line), 2/3 (tricritical point), or
1/3 (limits of stability).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97736 </DOCNO>
Inversion of adjunction for non-degenerate hypersurfaces


  We prove a precise inversion of adjunction formula for the log pair
associated to a non-degenerate hypersurface. As a corollary, the minimal log
discrepancies of non-degenerate normal hypersurface singularities are bounded
from above by dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5201 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on "Universal Fluctuations in Correlated Systems", by


  We reply to the comment on our published paper `` Universal Fluctuations in
Correlated Systems'',Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol; 84, p3744 (2000), by B. Zheng and S.
Trimper, cond-mat/0109003. We argue that their results confirm our conjecture,
that the probability distribution for order parameter fluctuations in the 2D
and 3D Ising models at a temperature $T^{\ast}(L)$ slightly below $T_C$ for the
infinite, system approximates the universal functional form of the 2D-XY model
in its low temperature phase. We discuss the relevance of the temperature
interval $T_C-T^{\ast}$, considered to be large by Zheng and Trimper and
explain why the observed phenomena is a critical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128690 </DOCNO>
Far-infrared and molecular line observations of Lynds 183 - studies of


  We have mapped the dark cloud L183 in the far-infrared at 100um and 200um
with the ISOPHOT photometer aboard the ISO satellite. The observations make it
possible for the first time to study the properties of the large dust grains in
L183 without confusion from smaller grains. The observations show clear colour
temperature variations which are likely to be caused by changes in the emission
properties of the dust particles. In the cloud core the far-infrared colour
temperature drops below 12K. The data allow a new determination of the cloud
mass and the mass distribution. The mass within a radius of 10 arcmin from the
cloud centre is 25 Msun. We have mapped the cloud in several molecular lines
including DCO+(2-1) and H13CO+(1-0). These species are believed to be tracers
of cold and dense molecular material and we detect a strong anticorrelation
between the DCO+ emission and the dust colour temperatures. In particular, the
DCO+(2-1) emission is not detected towards the maximum of the 100um emission
where the colour temperature rises above 15K. The H13CO+ emission follows the
DCO+ distribution but CO isotopes show strong emission even towards the 100um
peak. A comparison of the DCO+ and C18O maps shows sharp variations in the
relative intensities of the species. Morphologically the 200um dust emission
traces the distribution of dense molecular material as seen e.g. in C18O lines.
A comparison with dust column density shows that C18O is depleted by a factor
of 1.5 in the cloud core. We present results of R- and B-band starcounts. The
extinction is much better correlated with the 200um than with the 100um
emission. Based on the 200um correlation at low extinction values we deduce a
value of ~17mag for the visual extinction towards the cloud centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41724 </DOCNO>
New empirical fits to the proton electromagnetic form factors


  Recent measurements of the ratio of the elastic electromagnetic form factors
of the proton, G_Ep/G_Mp, using the polarization transfer technique at
Jefferson Lab show that this ratio decreases dramatically with increasing Q^2,
in contradiction to previous measurements using the Rosenbluth separation
technique. Using this new high quality data as a constraint, we have reanalyzed
most of the world e-p elastic cross section data. In this paper, we present a
new empirical fit to the reanalyzed data for the proton elastic magnetic form
factor in the region 0 < Q^2 < 30 GeV^2. As well, we present an empirical fit
to the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio, G_Ep/G_Mp, which is valid in
the region 0.1 < Q^2 < 6 GeV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41571 </DOCNO>
The maximum entropy tecniques and the statistical description of systems


  The maximum entropy technique (MENT) is used to determine the distribution
functions of physical values. MENT naturally combines required maximum entropy,
the properties of a system and connection conditions in the form of
restrictions imposed on the system. It can, therefore, be employed to
statistically describe closed and open systems. Examples in which MENT is used
to describe equilibrium and non-equilibrium states, as well as steady states
that are far from being in thermodynamic equilibrium, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6516 </DOCNO>
Omori law after a financial market crash


  We discover the analogous of Omori law in financial time series immediately
after a market crash. By introducing a stochastic model we show that Omori law
is consistent with the simultaneous occurrence of an asset return probability
density function characterized by a power-law asymptotic behaviour and a
power-law decaying evolution of its typical return scale. This slow dynamics
has not a characteristic time scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74476 </DOCNO>
A Minimal S^1/(Z_2 x Z_2') Orbifold GUT


  We investigate supersymmetric SU(5) grand-unified theories (GUTs) realized in
5 space-time dimensions and broken down to the MSSM by SU(5)-violating boundary
conditions on a S^1/(Z_2 x Z_2') orbifold with two 3-branes. The
doublet-triplet splitting problem is entirely avoided by locating the MSSM
Higgs doublets on the brane on which SU(5) is not a good symmetry. An extremely
simple model is then described in which the MSSM matter is also located on this
SU(5)-violating brane. Although this model does not unify the MSSM matter
within SU(5) multiplets, it explains gauge coupling unification. A second model
with MSSM matter in the SU(5)-symmetric bulk preserves both the SU(5)
explanation of fermion quantum numbers as well as gauge-coupling unification.
Both models naturally avoid problematic SU(5) predictions for the Yukawa
couplings of the first two generations and are consistent with proton decay
constraints. We analyse the running of gauge couplings above the
compactification scale in terms of a 5d effective action and derive the
implications for the values of compactification scale, unification scale and of
the scale at which the bulk gauge theory becomes strongly coupled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73485 </DOCNO>
Duality in semileptonic inclusive B-decays in potential models: regular


  Making use of the nonrelativistic potential model for the description of
mesons, and working in the Shifman-Voloshin limit, we compare the integrated
rate $\Gamma(B\to X_cl\nu)$ calculated as a sum of the individual decay rates
to the quantum-mechanical analog of the OPE. In the case of a potential regular
at the origin, we find a well-defined duality violation, which is however
exponentially small. It corresponds to the charm resonances kinematically
forbidden in the decay process, but apparently picked up by the OPE. For
singular potentials, we do not obtain a full OPE series, but only a limited
Taylor expansion, since the cofficients become infinite beyond some order. In
this case, we do not find an indication of duality violation: the difference is
smaller than the last term of the limited expansion. This emphasizes that the
case of singular potentials, which may be relevant for QCD, deserves further
study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5515 </DOCNO>
Dynamic spin-glass behavior in a disorder-free, two-component model of


  Motivated by the observation of a spin-glass transition in almost
disorder-free Kagome antiferromagnets, and by the specific form of the
effective low-energy model of the S=1/2, trimerized Kagome antiferromagnet, we
investigate the possibility to obtain a spin-glass behavior in two-component,
disorder-free models. We concentrate on a toy-model, a modified Ashkin-Teller
model in a magnetic field that couples only to one species of spins, for which
we prove that a dynamic spin-glass behavior occurs. The dynamics of the
magnetization is closely related to that of the underlying Ising model in zero
field in which spins and pseudo-spins are intimately coupled. The spin-glass
like history dependence of the magnetization is a consequence of the ageing of
the underlying Ising model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85765 </DOCNO>
Falaco Solitons, Cosmic Strings in a Swimming Pool


  Topological defects experimentally induced by rotational dynamics in a
continuous media replicate the coherent structure features of cosmic strings as
well as hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6289 </DOCNO>
Sucrose Solutions as Prospective Medium to Study the Vesicle Structure:


  The possibility to use sucrose solutions as medium for X-ray and neutron
small-angle scattering experiments has been explored for
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicles and mixed DMPC/C_(12)E_(8)
aggregates. The influence of sucrose concentration on phospholipid vesicles
size and polydispersity has been investigated by complimentary X-ray and
neutron scattering. Sucrose solutions decreased vesicle size and polydispersity
and increased a contrast between phospholipid membrane and bulk solvent
sufficiently for X-rays. 40% sucrose in H2O increased X-ray contrast by up to
10 times compared to pure H2O. The range of sucrose concentration 30%-40%
created the best experimental conditions for the X-ray small-angle experiment
with phospholipid vesicles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40992 </DOCNO>
Characteristic Wino Signals in a Linear Collider from Anomaly Mediated


  Though the minimal model of anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking has been
significantly constrained by recent experimental and theoretical work, there
are still allowed regions of the parameter space for moderate to large values
of $\tan\beta$. We show that these regions will be comprehensively probed in a
${\sqrt s} =1$ TeV $e^+e^-$ linear collider. Diagnostic signals to this end are
studied by zeroing in on a unique and distinct feature of a large class of
models in this genre: a neutral winolike Lightest Supersymmetric Particle
closely degenerate in mass with a winolike chargino. The pair production
processes $e^+e^- \to {\tilde e}_L^\pm {\tilde e}_L^\mp$, ${\tilde e}_R^\pm
{\tilde e}_R^\mp$, ${\tilde e}_L^\pm {\tilde e}_R^\mp$, ${\tilde \nu} {\bar
{\tilde \nu}}$, $\widetilde \chi^0_1 \widetilde \chi^0_2$, $\widetilde \chi^0_2
\widetilde \chi^0_2$ are all considered at $\sqrt s = 1$ TeV corresponding to
the proposed TESLA linear collider in two natural categories of mass ordering
in the sparticle spectra. The signals analysed comprise multiple combinations
of fast charged leptons (any of which can act as the trigger) plus displaced
vertices $X_D$ (any of which can be identified by a heavy ionizing track
terminating in the detector) and/or associated soft pions with characteristic
momentum distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114109 </DOCNO>
Species Orthogonalization


  We discuss general formation of complementary behaviors, functions and forms
in biological species competing for resources. We call orthogonalization the
related processes on macro and micro-level of a self-organized formation of
correlations in the species properties. Orthogonalization processes could be,
for example, easily observed in sympatric speciation, as we show in numerical
studies carried with a new population equation. As a practical result, we find
that the number of species is proportional to the effective richness of
resources and depends on their history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3103 </DOCNO>
An integrated approach to the assessment of long range correlation in


  To assess whether a given time series can be modeled by a stochastic process
possessing long range correlation one usually applies one of two types of
analysis methods: the spectral method and the random walk analysis. The first
objective of this work is to show that each one of these methods used alone can
be susceptible to producing false results. We thus advocate an integrated
approach which requires the use of both methods in a consistent fashion. We
provide the theoretical foundation of this approach and illustrate the main
ideas using examples. The second objective relates to the observation of long
range anticorrelation (Hurst exponent H < 1/2) in real world time series data.
The very peculiar nature of such processes is emphasized in light of the
stringent condition under which such processes can occur. Using examples we
discuss the possible factors that could contribute to the false claim of long
range anticorrelations and demonstrate the particular importance of the
integrated approach in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169080 </DOCNO>
Coherence and squeezing in superpositions of spin coherent states


  We consider the superpositions of spin coherent states and study the
coherence properties and spin squeezing in these states. The spin squeezing is
examined using a new version of spectroscopic squeezing criteria. The results
show that the antibuching effect can be enhanced and spin squeezing can be
generated in the superpositions of two spin coherent states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5394 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Co/Cu multilayer conductivity during growth: ab intio study


  We present ab-initio calculations for the in plane conductivity of Co/Cu
multilayer slabs. The electronic structure of the multilayer slabs is
calculated by means of density functional theory within a screened KKR scheme.
Transport properties are described using the Boltzmann equation in relaxation
time approximation. We study the change of the conductivity during growth of
the multilayer, and we can reproduce the anomalous, non Ohmic, behavior
observed experimentally in several multilayer systems. Our results show that
this behavior can be explained in terms of the electronic structure of the slab
only. No extra assumption for the scattering at the interfaces is necessary.
The connection of electronic structure and conductivity during layer-by-layer
growth is elucidated by analyzing the layer-projected conductivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4013 </DOCNO>
Continuous canonical transformation for the double exchange model


  The method of continuous canonical transformation is applied to the double
exchange model with a purpose to eliminate the interaction term responsible for
non conservation of magnon number. Set of differential equations for the
effective Hamiltonian parameters is derived. Within the lowest order
(approximate) solution we reproduce results of the standard (single step)
canonical transformation. Results of the selfconsistent numerical treatment are
compared with the other known studies for this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125577 </DOCNO>
Optical spectroscopy of X-Mega targets in the Carina Nebula. II. The


  A new high-quality set of orbital parameters for the O-type spectroscopic
binary HD93205 has been obtained combining echelle and coude CCD observations.
The radial velocity orbits derived from the HeII 4686 A (primary component) and
HeI 4471 A (secondary component) absorption lines yield semiamplitudes of 133
+/- 2 and 314 +/- 2 km/s for each binary component, resulting in minimum masses
of 31 and 13 Msol (q = 0.42). We also confirm for the binary components the
spectral classification of O3V+O8V previously assigned. Assuming for the O8V
component a ``normal'' mass of 22 - 25 Msol we would derive for the primary O3V
a mass of ``only'' 52 - 60 Msol and an inclination of about 55 degrees for the
orbital plane. We have also determined for the first time a period of apsidal
motion for this system, namely 185 +/- 16 years using all available radial
velocity data-sets of HD 93205 (from 1975 to 1999). Phase-locked variations of
the X-ray emission of HD 93205 consisting of a rise of the observed X-ray flux
near periastron passage, are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83684 </DOCNO>
Computational Properties of Metaquerying Problems


  Metaquerying is a datamining technology by which hidden dependencies among
several database relations can be discovered. This tool has already been
successfully applied to several real-world applications. Recent papers provide
only preliminary results about the complexity of metaquerying. In this paper we
define several variants of metaquerying that encompass, as far as we know, all
variants defined in the literature. We study both the combined complexity and
the data complexity of these variants. We show that, under the combined
complexity measure, metaquerying is generally intractable (unless P=NP), lying
sometimes quite high in the complexity hierarchies (as high as NP^PP),
depending on the characteristics of the plausibility index. However, we are
able to single out some tractable and interesting metaquerying cases (whose
combined complexity is LOGCFL-complete). As for the data complexity of
metaquerying, we prove that, in general, this is in TC0, but lies within AC0 in
some simpler cases. Finally, we discuss implementation of metaqueries, by
providing algorithms to answer them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81233 </DOCNO>
Quark and Gluon Propagators in Covariant Gauges


  We present data for the gluon and quark propagators computed in the standard
lattice Landau's gauge and for three values of the covariant gauge-fixing
parameter lambda=0,8,16. Our results are obtained using the SU(3) Wilson action
in the quenched approximation at beta=6.0 and volume=16^3x32.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7500 </DOCNO>
A Minimalist Model of Characteristic Earthquakes


  In a spirit akin to the sandpile model of self-organized criticality, we
present a simple statistical model of the cellular-automaton type which
produces an avalanche spectrum similar to the characteristic-earthquake
behavior of some seismic faults. This model, that has no parameter, is amenable
to an algebraic description as a Markov Chain. This possibility illuminates
some important results, obtained by Monte Carlo simulations, such as the
earthquake size-frequency relation and the recurrence time of the
characteristic earthquake.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97440 </DOCNO>
Information, complexity and entropy: a new approach to theory and


  In this paper, we present some results on information, complexity and entropy
as defined below and we discuss their relations with the Kolmogorov-Sinai
entropy which is the most important invariant of a dynamical system. These
results have the following features and motivations:
  -we give a new computable definition of information and complexity which
allows to give a computable characterization of the K-S entropy;
  -these definitions make sense even for a single orbit and can be measured by
suitable data compression algorithms; hence they can be used in simulations and
in the analysis of experimental data;
  -the asymptotic behavior of these quantities allows to compute not only the
Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy but also other quantities which give a measure of the
chaotic behavior of a dynamical system even in the case of null entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72563 </DOCNO>
Diffusion of Neutrinos in Proto-Neutron Star Matter with Quarks


  Neutrino opacities important in the evolution of a proto-neutron star
containing quark matter are studied. The results for pure quark matter are
compared with limiting expressions previously derived, and are generalized to
the temperatures, neutrino degeneracies and lepton contents encountered in a
proto-neutron star's evolution. We find that the appearance of quarks in
baryonic matter drastically reduces the neutrino opacity for a given entropy,
the reduction being sensitive to the thermodynamic conditions in the mixed
quark-hadron phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73894 </DOCNO>
Functional Integral Method in Quantum Theory of Composite Particles and


  In this series of lectures we present the universal method based on the use
of the functional integrals to derive the bound state equations for different
two-body systems in elementary particle physics as well as in condensed matter
theory: the relativistic Nambu-Jona-Lasinio equation and the relativistic
Bethe-Salpeter equation in elementary particle physics, the Bethe-Salpeter
equation for the bipolaritons. The bound state equation for the three-body
systems is also established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6262 </DOCNO>
Diagrammatic self-energy approximations and the total particle number


  There is increasing interest in many-body perturbation theory as a practical
tool for the calculation of ground-state properties. As a consequence,
unambiguous sum rules such as the conservation of particle number under the
influence of the Coulomb interaction have acquired an importance that did not
exist for calculations of excited-state properties. In this paper we obtain a
rigorous, simple relation whose fulfilment guarantees particle-number
conservation in a given diagrammatic self-energy approximation. Hedin's G_0W_0
approximation does not satisfy this relation and hence violates the
particle-number sum rule. Very precise calculations for the homogeneous
electron gas and a model inhomogeneous electron system allow the extent of the
nonconservation to be estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75202 </DOCNO>
Finite W boson width effects in the top quark width


  In the standard model, the top quark decay width Gamma_t is computed from the
exclusive t--> bW decay. We argue in favor of using the three-body decays t -->
bf_i\bar{f}_j to compute Gamma_t as a sum over these exclusive modes. As
dictated by the S-matrix theory, these three-body decays of the top quark
involve only asymptotic states and incorporate the width of the W boson
resonance in a natural way. The convolution formula commonly used to include
the W boson finite width effects is found to be valid in the limit of massless
fermions f_i\bar{f}_j. The relation Gamma_t=Gamma(t--> bW) is recovered by
taking the limit of massless fermions followed by the W boson narrow width
approximation. Although both calculations of Gamma_t are different at the
formal level, their results would differ only by tiny effects induced by first
(second) order electroweak (QCD) radiative corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98441 </DOCNO>
A Combinatorial Method for Computing Steenrod Squares


  We present here a combinatorial method for computing cup-$i$ products and
Steenrod squares of a simplicial set $X$. This method is essentially based on
the determination of explicit formulae for the component morphisms of a higher
diagonal approximation (i.e., a family of morphisms measuring the lack of
commutativity of the cup product on the cochain level) in terms of face
operators of $X$. A generalization of this method to Steenrod reduced powers is
sketched. This description can be considered as a translation of the most
ancient definition of Steenrod squares to the general setting of the Simplicial
Topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41859 </DOCNO>
Theory of deeply virtual Compton scattering on the nucleon


  We compute the cross section for leptoproduction of the real photon off the
nucleon, which is sensitive to the deeply virtual Compton scattering amplitude
with power accuracy. Our considerations go beyond the leading twist and involve
the complete analysis in the twist-three approximation. We discuss consequences
of the target and lepton beam polarizations for accessing the generalized
parton distributions from experimental measurements of the azimuthal angular
dependence of the final state photon or nucleon. We introduce several sets of
asymmetries, defined as Fourier moments with respect to the azimuthal angle,
which allow for a clear separation of the twist-two and -three sectors. Relying
on a simple ansatz for the generalized parton distributions, we give
quantitative estimates for azimuthal and spin asymmetries, discuss the
uncertainties of these predictions brought in by radiative corrections, and
compare them with experimental data as well as other theoretical expectations.
Furthermore, we derive a general parametrization of the DVCS amplitudes in the
region of small Bjorken variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2080 </DOCNO>
Effect of strain on the transport properties of the manganite systems


  The effect of strain on the resistivity and thermopower of ferromagnetic
manganites has been examined based on the model that incorporates the
electron-lattice interaction through the Jahn-Teller effect and an effective
hopping determined by nearest neighbour spin-spin correlation of t2g electrons.
The metal insulator transition temperature associated with resistivity
decreases with increase in strain. In the presence of large strain the system
remains in the semiconducting state. Thermopower (S) is positive and increasing
function of strain and it exhibits a maximum with temperature. The temperature
where maximum of S appears, shifts towards higher (lower) value with in the
presence of magnetic field (strain). A large magneto-thermopower that depends
on strain is obtained around metal-insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41373 </DOCNO>
Observation of Diffractive $J/\psi$ Production at the Fermilab Tevatron


  We report the first observation of diffractive $J/\psi(\to \mu^+\mu^-)$
production in $\bar pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=1.8 TeV. Diffractive events
are identified by their rapidity gap signature. In a sample of events with two
muons of transverse momentum $p_T^{\mu}>2$ GeV/$c$ within the pseudorapidity
region $|\eta|<$1.0, the ratio of diffractive to total $J/\psi$ production
rates is found to be $R_{J/\psi}= [1.45\pm 0.25]%$. The ratio $R_{J/\psi}(x)$
is presented as a function of $x$-Bjorken. By combining it with our previously
measured corresponding ratio $R_{jj}(x)$ for diffractive dijet production, we
extract a value of $0.59\pm 0.15$ for the gluon fraction of the diffractive
structure function of the proton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123415 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of Stellar Jets, Outflows, and Young Stellar Objects with


  The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) was an extremely successful european
space mission that gave us an unparallel view of the Universe in the infrared,
and provided us with hundreds of observations of star forming regions and
bipolar outflows. Three of the instrument teams, in charge of the infrared
camera (CAM) and the two spectrometers at short and long wavelengths (SWS and
LWS respectively), used a significant fraction of their guarantee time to study
YSOs and outflows spectroscopically. In here, I will briefly review some of
their main findings, particularly the detection of water, H2 rotational
emission lines and the presence of other complex molecules. I will present new
spectroscopic results on HH 1-2, HH 7-11 and Cep E, and their sources. And
finally, I will discuss some of the general trends derived from these
observations and their relevance in understanding the emission from these
objects using J and C shock models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149401 </DOCNO>
On Dyonic Solutions of Noncommutative N=4 Super Yang-Mills


  We show that in a certain region of space, the U(1) sector of the static
dyonic solutions to the noncommutative U(4) N=4 Super Yang-Mills (SYM) can be
consistently decoupled from the SU(4) to {\it all orders in the
noncommutativity parameter}. We show the above decoupling in two ways. First,
we show the noncommutative dyon being the same as the commutative dyon, is a
consistent solution to noncommutative equations of motion in that region of
noncommutative space. Second, as an example of decoupling of a non-null U(1)
sector, we also obtain a family of solutions with nontrivial U(1) components
for {\it all} components of the gauge field in the same region of
noncommutative space. In both cases, the SU(4) and U(1) components separately
satisfy the equations of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125345 </DOCNO>
Simultaneous X-Ray and TeV Gamma-Ray Observations of the TeV Blazar


  In this paper we present the results of simultaneous observations of the TeV
blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) at X-ray and TeV Gamma-ray energies with the
Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and the stereoscopic Cherenkov Telescope
system of the HEGRA (High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy) experiment, respectively.
The source was monitored from February 2nd to February 16th and from May 3rd to
May 8th, 2000. We discuss in detail the temporal and spectral properties of the
source. Remarkably, the TeV observations of February 7th/8th showed
statistically significant evidence for substantial TeV flux variability on 30
min time scale. We show the results of modeling the data with a time dependent
homogeneous Synchrotron Self-Compton (SSC) model. The X-ray and TeV gamma-ray
emission strengths and energy spectra together with the rapid flux variability
strongly suggest that the emission volume is approaching the observer with a
Doppler factor of 50 or higher. The different flux variability time scales
observed at X-rays and TeV Gamma-rays indicate that a more detailed analysis
will require inhomogeneous models with several emission zones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3783 </DOCNO>
Localized f electrons in CexLa1-xRhIn5: dHvA Measurements


  Measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen effect in CexLa1-xRhIn5 reveal that
the Ce 4f electrons remain localized for all x, with the mass enhancement and
progressive loss of one spin from the de Haas-van Alphen signal resulting from
spin fluctuation effects. This behavior may be typical of antiferromagnetic
heavy fermion compounds, inspite of the fact that the 4f electron localization
in CeRhIn5 is driven, in part, by a spin-density wave instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85912 </DOCNO>
Kasner-AdS spacetime and anisotropic brane-world cosmology


  Anisotropic generalization of Randall and Sundrum brane-world model is
considered. A new class of exact solutions for brane and bulk geometry is
found; it is related to anisotropic Kasner solution. In view of this, the old
question of isotropy of initial conditions in cosmology rises once again in the
brane-world context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97895 </DOCNO>
Dressing chain equations associated to difference soliton systems


  The dressing chain equations for factorizing operators of a spectral problem
are derived. The chain equations itselves yield nonlinear systems which closure
generates solutions of the equations as well as of the nonlinear system if both
operators of the correspondent Hirota bilinearization are covariant with
respect to Darboux transformation which hence defines a symmetry of the
nonlinear system as well as of these closed chains. Examples of Hirota and Nahm
equations are specified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2219 </DOCNO>
Harris criterion on hierarchical lattices: Rigorous inequalities and


  Random bond Ising systems on a general hierarchical lattice are considered.
The inequality between the specific heat exponent of the pure system,
$\alpha_p$, and the crossover exponent $\phi$, $\alpha_p<=\phi$, gives rise to
a possibility of a negative $\alpha_p$ along with a positive $\phi$, leading to
random criticality in disagreement with the Harris criterion. An explicit
example where this really happens for an Ising system is presented and
discussed. In addition to that, it is shown that in presence of full long-range
correlations, the crossover exponent is larger than in the uncorrelated case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 249 </DOCNO>
Statistical properties of the attendance time series in the minority


  We study the statistical properties of the attendance time series
corresponding to the number of agents making a particular decision in the
minority game (MG). We focus on the analysis of the probability distribution
and the autocorrelation function of the attendance over a time interval in the
efficient phase of the game. In this regime both the probability distribution
and the autocorrelation function are shown to have similar behaviour for time
differences corresponding to multiples of $2\cdot 2^{m}$, which is twice the
number of possible history bit strings in a MG with agents making decisions
based on the most recent $m$ outcomes of the game.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 245 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the Fractional Quantum Hall Edge Critical Exponent on the


  Comment on A.M.Chang et al, PRL 86, 143 (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86566 </DOCNO>
Decoherence-induced violations of Einstein equivalence principle


  In this essay it will be shown that Decoherence Model and Einstein
Equivalence Principle are conceptually incompatible. In other words, assuming
only the validity of the Weak Equivalence Principle the present work concludes
that we face two possibilities: (i) if Decoherence Model provides a correct
description of nature at quantum level, then there are systems which violate
Local Position Invariance, or, (ii) if all the postulates behind Einstein
Equivalence Principle are valid, even on quantum realm, then Decoherence Model
breaks down in curved spacetimes. Finally, the present results are confronted
against Schiff's conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126145 </DOCNO>
Four years of Ulysses dust data: 1996 to 1999


  The Ulysses spacecraft is orbiting the Sun on a highly inclined ellipse ($ i
= 79^{\circ}$, perihelion distance 1.3 AU, aphelion distance 5.4 AU). Between
January 1996 and December 1999 the spacecraft was beyond 3 AU from the Sun and
crossed the ecliptic plane at aphelion in May 1998. In this four-year period
218 dust impacts were recorded with the dust detector on board. We publish and
analyse the complete data set of both raw and reduced data for particles with
masses $\rm 10^{-16} g$ to $\rm 10^{-8}$ g. Together with 1477 dust impacts
recorded between launch of Ulysses and the end of 1995 published earlier
\cite{gruen1995c,krueger1999b}, a data set of 1695 dust impacts detected with
the Ulysses sensor between October 1990 and December 1999 is now available. The
impact rate measured between 1996 and 1999 was relatively constant with about
0.2 impacts per day. The impact direction of the majority of the impacts is
compatible with particles of interstellar origin, the rest are most likely
interplanetary particles. The observed impact rate is compared with a model for
the flux of interstellar dust particles. The flux of particles several
micrometers in size is compared with the measurements of the dust instruments
on board Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 beyond 3 AU (Humes 1980, JGR, 85,
5841--5852, 1980). Between 3 and 5 AU, Pioneer results predict that Ulysses
should have seen five times more ($\rm \sim 10 \mu m$ sized) particles than
actually detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73492 </DOCNO>
The prompt photon photoproduction at THERA


  We present NLO QCD predictions for the prompt photon photoproduction at the
THERA, and compare them with results for the HERA collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128162 </DOCNO>
Chandra Analysis of Abell 496


  We present preliminary results of imaging and spectral analysis of the
cluster A496 with the S3 chip on-board the Chandra satellite. We confirm the
presence of a cooling flow and radial gradients in elemental abundances. The
cluster's core has clear signs of substructures (sharp edges, cavities),
similar to those recently found in other cooling flow clusters. The O/Fe ratio
distribution indicates that the gas in the core of the cluster is significantly
enriched by SN Ia ejecta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4956 </DOCNO>
Spatially resolved electronic structure inside and outside the vortex


  One of the puzzling aspects of high temperature superconductors is the
prevalence of magnetism in the normal state and the persistence of
superconductivity in very high magnetic fields. Generally, superconductivity
and magnetism are not compatible. But recent neutron scattering results
indicate that antiferromagnetism can appear deep in the superconducting state
in an applied magnetic field. Magnetic fields penetrate a superconductor in the
form of quantized flux lines each one representing a vortex of supercurrents.
Superconductivity is suppressed in the core of the vortex and it has been
suggested that antiferromagnetism might develop there. To address this question
it is important to perform electronic structural studies with spatial
resolution. Here we report on implementation of a high field NMR imaging
experiment that allows spatial resolution of the electronic behavior both
inside and outside the vortex cores. Outside we find strong antiferromagnetic
fluctuations, and localized inside there are electronic states rather different
from those found in conventional superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148295 </DOCNO>
AdS/CFT correspondence and D1/D5 systems in theories with 16


  We discuss spectra of $AdS_3$ supergravities, arising in the near horizon
geometry of D1/D5 systems in orbifolds/orientifolds of type IIB theory with 16
supercharges. These include models studied in a recent paper (hep-th/0012118),
where the group action involves also a shift along a transversal circle, as
well as IIB/$\Omega I_4$, which is dual to IIB on $K3$. After appropriate
assignements of the orbifold group eigenvalues and degrees to the supergravity
single particle spectrum, we compute the supergravity elliptic genus and find
agreement, in the expected regime of validity, with the elliptic genus obtained
using U-duality map from (4,4) CFTs of U-dual backgrounds. Since this U-duality
involves the exchange of KK momentum $P$ and D1 charge $N$, it allows us to
test the (4,4) CFTs in the $P < N/4$ and $N < P/4$ regimes by two different
supergravity duals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4513 </DOCNO>
Optical spectroscopy of (La,Ca)14Cu24O41 spin ladders: comparison of


  Transmission and reflectivity of La_x Ca_14-x Cu_24 O_41 two-leg spin-1/2
ladders were measured in the mid-infrared regime between 500 and 12000 1/cm.
This allows us to determine the optical conductivity sigma_1 directly and with
high sensitivity. Here we show data for x=4 and 5 with the electrical field
polarized parallel to the rungs (E||a) and to the legs (E||c). Three
characteristic peaks are identified as magnetic excitations by comparison with
two different theoretical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2051 </DOCNO>
Suppression of Superconducting Critical Current Density by Small Flux


  By doing magnetization measurements during magnetic field sweeps on thin
films of the new superconductor $MgB_2$, it is found that in a low temperature
and low field region small flux jumps are taking place. This effect strongly
suppresses the central magnetization peak leading to reduced nominal
superconducting critical current density at low temperatures. A borderline for
this effect to occur is determined on the field-temperature (H-T) phase
diagram. It is suggested that the small size of the flux jumps in films is due
to the higher density of small defects and the relatively easy thermal
diffusion in thin films in comparison with bulk samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 804 </DOCNO>
Transfer-matrix DMRG for stochastic models: The Domany-Kinzel cellular


  We apply the transfer-matrix DMRG (TMRG) to a stochastic model, the
Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton, which exhibits a non-equilibrium phase
transition in the directed percolation universality class. Estimates for the
stochastic time evolution, phase boundaries and critical exponents can be
obtained with high precision. This is possible using only modest numerical
effort since the thermodynamic limit can be taken analytically in our approach.
We also point out further advantages of the TMRG over other numerical
approaches, such as classical DMRG or Monte-Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129320 </DOCNO>
An AGN Identification for 3EG J2006-2321


  We present a multiwavelength analysis of the high-energy gamma-ray source 3EG
J2006-2321. The flux of this source above 100 MeV is shown to be variable on
time scales of days and months. Optical observations and careful examination of
archived radio data indicate that its radio counterpart is PMN J2005-2310, a
flat-spectrum radio quasar with a 5-GHz flux density of 260 mJy. Study of the
$V=18.7$ optical counterpart indicates a redshift of 0.833 and variable linear
polarization. No X-ray source has been detected near the position of PMN
J2005-2310, but an X-ray upper limit is derived from ROSAT data. This upper
limit provides for a spectral energy distribution with global characteristics
similar to those of known gamma-ray blazars. Taken together, these data
indicate that 3EG J2006-2321, listed as unidentified in the 3rd EGRET Catalog,
is a member of the blazar class of AGN. The 5-GHz radio flux density of this
blazar is the lowest of the 68 EGRET-detected AGN. The fact that EGRET has
detected such a source has implications for unidentified EGRET sources,
particularly those at high latitudes ($|b|>30^{\circ}$), many of which may be
blazars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98816 </DOCNO>
On quantization of affine Jacobi varieties of spectral curves


  A quantum integrable model related to $U_q(\hat{sl}(N))$ is considered. A
reduced model is introduced which allows interpretation in terms of quantized
affine Jacobi variety. Closed commutation relations for observables of reduced
model are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6976 </DOCNO>
Dimensionality dependence of the wave function statistics at the


  The statistics of critical wave functions at the Anderson transition in three
and four dimensions are studied numerically. The distribution of the inverse
participation ratios (IPR) $P_q$ is shown to acquire a scale-invariant form in
the limit of large system size. Multifractality spectra governing the scaling
of the ensemble-averaged IPRs are determined. Conjectures concerning the IPR
statistics and the multifractality at the Anderson transition in a high spatial
dimensionality are formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2452 </DOCNO>
Integrable generalised spin ladder models based on the SU(1|3) and


  We present two integrable spin ladder models which possess a general free
parameter besides the rung coupling J. The models are exactly solvable by means
of the Bethe ansatz method and we present the Bethe ansatz equations. We
analyse the elementary excitations of the models which reveal the existence of
a gap for both models that depends on the free parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2939 </DOCNO>
Zero sound density oscillations in Fermi-Bose mixtures


  Within a mean field plus Random-Phase Approximation formalism, we investigate
the collective excitations of a three component Fermi-Bose mixture of K atoms,
magnetically trapped and subjected to repulsive s-wave interactions. We analyze
both the single-particle excitation and the density oscillation spectra created
by external multipolar fields, for varying fermion concentrations. The
formalism and the numerical output are consistent with the Generalized Kohn
Theorem for the whole multispecies system. The calculations give rise to
fragmented density excitation spectra of the fermion sample and illustrate the
role of the mutual interaction in the observed deviations of the bosonic
spectra with respect to Stringari's rule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149213 </DOCNO>
Mesons in Light-Front QCD$_{2+1}$: Investigation of a Bloch Effective


  We study the meson sector of 2+1 dimensional light-front QCD using a Bloch
effective Hamiltonian in the first non-trivial order. The resulting two
dimensional integral equation is converted into a matrix equation and solved
numerically. We investigate the efficiency of Gaussian quadrature in achieving
the cancellation of linear and logarithmic light-front infrared divergences.
The vanishing energy denominator problem which leads to severe infrared
divergences in 2+1 dimensions is investigated in detail. Our study indicates
that in the context of Fock space based effective Hamiltonian methods to tackle
gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions, approaches like similarity renormalization
method may be mandatory due to uncanceled infrared divergences caused by the
vanishing energy denominator problem. We define and study numerically a reduced
model which is relativistic, free from infrared divergences, and exhibits
logarithmic confinement. The manifestation and violation of rotational symmetry
as a function of the coupling are studied quantitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1130 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in a ferrofluid at magnetic field induced microphase


  In the presence of a magnetic field applied perpendicular to a thin sample
layer, a suspension of magnetic colloidal particles (ferrofluid) can form
spatially modulated phases with a characteristic length determined by the
competition between dipolar forces and short-range forces opposing density
variations. We introduce models for thin-film ferrofluids in which
magnetization and particle density are viewed as independent variables and in
which the non-magnetic properties of the colloidal particles are described
either by a lattice-gas entropy or by the Carnahan-Starling free energy. Our
description is particularly well suited to the low-particle density regions
studied in many experiments. Within mean-field theory, we find isotropic,
hexagonal and stripe phases, separated in general by first-order phase
boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124029 </DOCNO>
An analytic function fit to Monte-Carlo X- and gamma-ray spectra from


  We suggest a simple fitting formula to represent Comptonized X- and gamma-ray
spectra from a hot ($kT_e \gtrsim 10$ keV), Thomson thick ($\tau_T \gtrsim 5$)
hybrid thermal/nonthermal plasma in spherical geometry with homogeneous
soft-photon injection throughout the Comptonizing region. We have used this
formula to fit a large data base of Monte-Carlo generated photon spectra, and
provide correlations between the physical parameters of the plasma and the fit
parameters of our analytic fit function. These allow us to construct Thomson
thick Comptonization spectra without performing computer intensive Monte Carlo
simulations of the high-Thomson-depth hybrid-plasma Comptonization problem. Our
formulae can easily be used in data analysis packages such as XSPEC, thus
rendering rapid $\chi^2$ fitting of such spectra to real data feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113588 </DOCNO>
Large Faraday rotation of resonant light in a cold atomic cloud


  We experimentally studied the Faraday rotation of resonant light in an
optically-thick cloud of laser-cooled rubidium atoms. Measurements yield a
large Verdet constant in the range of 200 000 degrees/T/mm and a maximal
polarization rotation of 150 degrees. A complete analysis of the polarization
state of the transmitted light was necessary to account for the role of the
probe laser's spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74072 </DOCNO>
Quasi-energy-independent solar neutrino transitions


  Current solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrino data still allow oscillation
scenarios where the squared mass differences are all close to 10^-3 eV^2,
rather than being hierarchically separated. For solar neutrinos, this situation
(realized in the upper part of the so-called large-mixing angle solution)
implies adiabatic transitions which depend weakly on the neutrino energy and on
the matter density, as well as on the ``atmospheric'' squared mass difference.
In such a regime of ``quasi-energy-independent'' (QEI) transitions,
intermediate between the more familiar ``Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein'' (MSW)
and energy-independent (EI) regimes, we first perform analytical calculations
of the solar nu_e survival probability at first order in the matter density,
beyond the usual hierarchical approximations. We then provide accurate,
generalized expressions for the solar neutrino mixing angles in matter, which
reduce to those valid in the MSW, QEI and EI regimes in appropriate limits.
Finally, a representative QEI scenario is discussed in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125801 </DOCNO>
Mu- and Tau-Neutrino Spectra Formation in Supernovae


  The mu- and tau-neutrinos emitted from a proto-neutron star are produced by
nucleonic bremsstrahlung N + N -> N + N + nu + nu-bar and pair annihilation e^+
+ e^- -> nu + nu-bar, reactions which freeze out at the "energy sphere." Before
escaping from there to infinity the neutrinos diffuse through the "scattering
atmosphere," a layer where their main interaction is elastic scattering on
nucleons nu + N -> N + nu. If these collisions are taken to be iso-energetic as
in all numerical supernova simulations, the neutrino flux spectrum escaping to
infinity depends only on the medium temperature T_ES and the thermally averaged
optical depth tau_ES at the energy sphere. For tau_ES = 10-50 one finds for the
spectral flux temperature of the escaping neutrinos T_flux = 0.5-0.6 T_ES.
Including energy exchange (nucleon recoil) in nu + N -> N + nu can shift T_flux
both up or down. Delta T_flux depends on tau_ES, on the scattering atmosphere's
temperature profile, and on T_ES. Based on a numerical study we find that for
typical conditions Delta T_flux/T_flux is between -10% and -20%, and even for
extreme parameter choices does not exceed -30%. The exact value of Delta
T_flux/T_flux is surprisingly insensitive to the assumed value of the nucleon
mass, i.e. the exact efficiency of energy transfer between neutrinos and
nucleons is not important as long as it can occur at all. Therefore,
calculating the nu_mu and nu_tau spectra does not seem to require a precise
knowledge of the nuclear medium's dynamical structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 293 </DOCNO>
Negative Magnetoresistance Produced by Hall Fluctuations in a


  We present a model for a negative magnetoresistance (MR) that would develop
in a material with many ferromagnetic domains even if the individual domains
have no magnetoresistance and even if there is no boundary resistance. The
negative MR is due to a classical current-distortion effect arising from
spatial variations in the Hall conductivity, combined with a change in domain
structure due to an applied magnetic field. The negative MR can exceed 1000% if
the product of the carrier relaxation time and the internal magnetic field due
to spontaneous magnetization is sufficiently large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75572 </DOCNO>
2-point 2-loop graph with arbitrary self-energy insertions


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author, since most of the results have
been published before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2595 </DOCNO>
Interplay between disorder and intersubband collective excitations in


  Intersubband absorption in modulation-doped quantum wells is usually
appropriately described as a collective excitation of the confined
two-dimensional electron gas. At sufficiently low electron density and low
temperatures, however, the in-plane disorder potential is able to damp the
collective modes by mixing the intersubband charge-density excitation with
single-particle localized modes. Here we show experimental evidence of this
transition. The results are analyzed within the framework of the density
functional theory and highlight the impact of the interplay between disorder
and the collective response of the two-dimensional electron gas in
semiconductor heterostructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76006 </DOCNO>
Two photon width of eta_c


  We discuss the measured partial width of the pseudoscalar charmonium state,
$\eta_c$, into two photons. Predictions from potential models are examined and
compared with experimental values. Including radiative corrections, it is found
that present measurements are compatible both with a QCD type potential and
with a static Coulomb potential, with $\alpha_s$ evaluated at two loops.
Results are also compared with those from $\jpsi$ data through the NRQCD model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86439 </DOCNO>
r-modes in the Tolman VII solution


  The r-mode frequencies of the Tolman VII solution for the slowly rotating
non-barotropic approximation within the low frequency regime are estimated. The
relativistic correction to Newtonian r-mode calculations is shown as function
of the tenuity $\frac{R}{M}$ and is shown to be significant only for very
compact neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74434 </DOCNO>
The Symmetry behind Extended Flavour Democracy and Large Leptonic Mixing


  We show that there is a minimal discrete symmetry which leads to the extended
flavour democracy scenario constraining the Dirac neutrino, the charged lepton
and the Majorana neutrino mass term ($M_R$) to be all proportional to the
democratic matrix, with all elements equal. In particular, this discreet
symmetry forbids other large contributions to $M_R$, such as a term
proportional to the unit matrix, which would normally be allowed by a
$S_{3L}\times S_{3R}$ permutation symmetry. This feature is crucial in order to
obtain large leptonic mixing, without violating 't Hooft's, naturalness
principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72824 </DOCNO>
Monopole-like Configuration from Quantized SU(3) Gauge Fields


  Monopole field configurations have been extensively studied in both Abelian
and non-Abelian gauge theories. The question of the quantum corrections to
these systems is a difficult one, since the classical monopoles have
non-perturbatively large couplings, which makes the standard, perturbative
methods for calculating quantum corrections suspect. Here we apply a modified
version of Heisenberg's quantization technique for strongly interacting,
nonlinear fields to a classical solution of the SU(3) Yang-Mills field
equations. This classical solution is not monopole-like and has an energy
density which diverges as $r \to \infty$. However, the quantized version of
this solution has a monopole-like far field, and a non-divergent energy density
as $r \to \infty$. This may point to the conclusion that monopoles may arise
not from quantizing classical monopole configurations, but from quantizing
field configurations which at the classical level do not appear monopole-like.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148574 </DOCNO>
Test for the Myers-Chern-Simons Action


  We present a generalization of the infinitesimal gauge transformation for
nonabelian fields on the stack of branes up to the third order in $\Phi$. We
test the gauge invariance of the action up to the fifth order in $\Phi$ for
$D$-instantons. This substantiates the Myers formula for the Chern-Simons term
in action, which describes interaction with the RR fields of $N$ coincident
$\Dp$ branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75059 </DOCNO>
Parametric Resonance Amplification of Neutrino Oscillations in


  Within the Lorentz invariant formalizm for description of neutrino evolution
in electromagnetic fields and matter we consider neutrino spin oscillations in
the electromagnetic wave with varying amplitude and in "castle wall" magnetic
field. It is shown for the first time that the parametric resonances of
neutrino oscillations in such systems can occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86745 </DOCNO>
Robustness of the Quintessence Scenario in Particle Cosmologies


  We study the robustness of the quintessence tracking scenario in the context
of more general cosmological models that derive from high-energy physics. We
consider the effects of inclusion of multiple scalar fields, corrections to the
Hubble expansion law (such as those that arise in brane cosmological models),
and potentials that decay with expansion of the Universe. We find that in a
successful tracking quintessence model the average equation of state must
remain nearly constant. Overall, the conditions for successful tracking become
more complex in these more general settings. Tracking can become more fragile
in presence of multiple scalar fields, and more stable when temperature
dependent potentials are present. Interestingly though, most of the cases where
tracking is disrupted are those in which the cosmological model is itself
non-viable due to other constraints. In this sense tracking remains robust in
models that are cosmologically viable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83623 </DOCNO>
Shooting Over or Under the Mark: Towards a Reliable and Flexible


  The real monetary economy is grounded upon monetary flow equilibration or the
activity of actualizing monetary flow continuity at each economic agent except
for the central bank. Every update of monetary flow continuity at each agent
constantly causes monetary flow equilibration at the neighborhood agents. Every
monetary flow equilibration as the activity of shooting the mark identified as
monetary flow continuity turns out to be off the mark, and constantly generate
the similar activities in sequence. Monetary flow equilibration ceaselessly
reverberating in the economy performs two functions. One is to seek an
organization on its own, and the other is to perturb the ongoing organization.
Monetary flow equilibration as the agency of seeking and perturbing its
organization also serves as a means of predicting its behavior. The likely
organizational behavior could be the one that remains most robust against
monetary flow equilibration as an agency of applying perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149702 </DOCNO>
$Z_N$ orbifold compactifications in $AdS_6$ with Gauss-Bonnet term


  We present a general setup for junctions of semi-infinite 4-branes in $AdS_6$
with the Gauss-Bonnet term. The 3-brane tension at the junction of 4-branes can
be nonzero. Using the brane junctions as the origin of the $Z_N$ discrete
rotation symmetry, we identify 3-brane tensions at three fixed points of the
orbifold $T^2/Z_3$ in terms of the 4-brane tensions. As a result, the three
3-brane tensions can be simultaneously positive, which enables us to explain
the mass hierarchy by taking one of two branes apart from the hidden brane as
the visible brane, and hence does not introduce a severe cosmological problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124393 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Mid-IR Images of the Nucleus of M81


  We observed two nearby galaxies with potential or weak indications of nuclear
activity, M32 and M81, with the MIRLIN mid-IR camera at N band (10.79 microns).
M32 is not detected, but we give detailed measurements of the nucleus of M81.
Our observations of M81 show a bright nuclear point source at N, and comparison
to measurements made in the early 1970's gives an increase in nuclear flux of
nearly a factor of two. If the comparison is accurate, the nuclear mid-IR
emission must ultimately be powered by a variable, compact source, similar to
that in Seyferts and quasars. M81 has been classified in the literature as a
low-luminosity LINER, not a pure Seyfert galaxy. Further, it has been suggested
that this and other low-luminosity AGN may have intrinsically different spectra
than Seyferts and quasars. However, we find that the relative fluxes in the
X-ray, MIR, and radio bands, all essentially unaffected by extinction and
galaxy pollution, show a nuclear continuum remarkably like that of a bona fide
Seyfert or quasar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74372 </DOCNO>
Thermal analysis of particle ratios and p_T spectra at RHIC


  The thermal model of particle production is used to analyze the particle
ratios and the p_T spectra measured recently at RHIC. Our fit of the particle
ratios yields the temperature at the chemical freeze-out T_chem = 165 +- 7 MeV
with the corresponding baryon chemical potential mu^B_chem = 41 +- 5 MeV. The
quality of the fit shows that the model works well for RHIC. The p_T spectra
are evaluated in an approach which takes into account the modifications of the
initial thermal distributions by the secondary decays of resonances. All two-
and three-body decays are included. This leads to an effective ``cooling'' of
the spectra in the data region by about 35-40 MeV. We find that the pion
spectrum is characterized by the inverse slope which agrees well with the value
inferred from the RHIC data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149994 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Mechanics of Constrained Systems


  Semiclassical mechanics of systems with first-class constraints is developed.
Starting from the quantum theory, one investigates such objects as
semiclassical states and observables, semiclassical inner product,
semiclassical gauge transformations and evolution. Quantum mechanical
semiclassical substitutions (not only the WKB-ansatz) can be viewed as
"composed semiclassical states" being infinite superpositions of wave packets
with minimal uncertainties of coordinates and momenta ("elementary
semiclassical states"). Each elementary semiclassical state is specified by a
set (X,f) of classical variables X (phase, coordinates, momenta) and quantum
function f ("shape of the wave packet" or "quantum state in the background X").
A notion of an elemantary semiclassical state can be generalized to the
constrained systems, provided that one uses the refined algebraic quantization
approach based on modifying the inner product rather than on imposing the
constrained conditions on physical states. The inner product of physical states
is evaluated. It is obtained that classical part of X the semiclassical state
should belong to the constrained surface; otherwise, the semiclassical state
(X,f) will have zero norm for all f. Even under classical constraint
conditions, the semiclassical inner product is degenerate. One should factorize
then the space of semiclassical states. Semiclassical gauge transformations and
evolution of semiclassical states are studied. The correspondence with
semiclassical Dirac approach is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168367 </DOCNO>
The trumping relation and the structure of the bipartite entangled


  The majorization relation has been shown to be useful in classifying which
transformations of jointly held quantum states are possible using local
operations and classical communication. In some cases, a direct transformation
between two states is not possible, but it becomes possible in the presence of
another state (known as a catalyst); this situation is described mathematically
by the trumping relation, an extension of majorization. The structure of the
trumping relation is not nearly as well understood as that of majorization. We
give an introduction to this subject and derive some new results. Most notably,
we show that the dimension of the required catalyst is in general unbounded;
there is no integer $k$ such that it suffices to consider catalysts of
dimension $k$ or less in determining which states can be catalyzed into a given
state. We also show that almost all bipartite entangled states are potentially
useful as catalysts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83639 </DOCNO>
Parallel implementation of the TRANSIMS micro-simulation


  This paper describes the parallel implementation of the TRANSIMS traffic
micro-simulation. The parallelization method is domain decomposition, which
means that each CPU of the parallel computer is responsible for a different
geographical area of the simulated region. We describe how information between
domains is exchanged, and how the transportation network graph is partitioned.
An adaptive scheme is used to optimize load balancing. We then demonstrate how
computing speeds of our parallel micro-simulations can be systematically
predicted once the scenario and the computer architecture are known. This makes
it possible, for example, to decide if a certain study is feasible with a
certain computing budget, and how to invest that budget. The main ingredients
of the prediction are knowledge about the parallel implementation of the
micro-simulation, knowledge about the characteristics of the partitioning of
the transportation network graph, and knowledge about the interaction of these
quantities with the computer system. In particular, we investigate the
differences between switched and non-switched topologies, and the effects of
10 Mbit, 100 Mbit, and Gbit Ethernet. keywords: Traffic simulation, parallel
computing, transportation planning, TRANSIMS

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98009 </DOCNO>
Obstruction Theory in Model Categories


  Working in an arbitrary pointed proper model category, we describe the
cofibrations that have an obstruction theory with respect to all fibrations. Up
to weak equivalence, retract, and cobase change, they are the cofibrations with
weakly contractible target. Equivalently, they are the retracts of principal
cofibrations. Without properness, the same classification holds for
cofibrations with cofibrant source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 792 </DOCNO>
Effect of sintering temperature under high pressure in the


  We report the effect of the sintering temperature on the superconductivity of
MgB2 pellets prepared under a high pressure of 3 GPa. The superconducting
properties of the non-heated MgB2 in this high pressure were poor. However, as
the sintering temperature increased, the superconducting properties were vastly
enhanced, which was shown by the narrow transition width for the resistivity
and the low-field magnetizations. This shows that heat treatment under high
pressure is essential to improve superconducting properties. These changes were
found to be closely related to changes in the surface morphology observed using
scanning electron microscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 566 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Discrete Breathers and New Directions


  We describe results concerning the existence proofs of Discrete Breathers
(DBs) in the two classes of dynamical systems with optical linear phonons and
with acoustic linear phonons. A standard approach is by continuation of DBs
from an anticontinuous limit. A new approach, which is purely variational, is
presented. We also review some numerical results on intraband DBs in random
nonlinear systems. Some non-conventional physical applications of DBs are
suggested. One of them is understanding slow relaxation properties of glassy
materials. Another one concerns energy focusing and transport in biomolecules
by targeted energy transfer of DBs. A similar theory could be used for
describing targeted charge transfer of nonlinear electrons (polarons) and, more
generally, for targeted transfer of several excitations (e.g. Davydov soliton).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128296 </DOCNO>
Physics near a black-hole horizon


  I discuss several general-relativistic effects that are likely to be of
interest in the astrophysics of black holes and neutron stars

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98968 </DOCNO>
Fermion and boson random point processes as particle distributions of


  The aim of this paper is to show that fermion and boson random point
processes naturally appear from representations of CAR and CCR which correspond
to gauge invariant generalized free states (also called quasi-free states). We
consider particle density operators $\rho(x)$, $x\in\R^d$, in the
representation of CAR describing an infinite free Fermi gas of finite density
at both zero and finite temperature, and in the representation of CCR
describing an infinite free Bose gas at finite temperature. We prove that the
spectral measure of the smeared operators $\rho(f)=\int dx f(x)\rho(x)$ (i.e.,
the measure $\mu$ which allows to realize the $\rho(f)$'s as multiplication
operators by $\la\cdot,f\ra$ in $L^2(d\mu)$) is a well-known fermion, resp.
boson measure on the space of all locally finite configurations in $\R^d$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97027 </DOCNO>
Pencils of symmetric surfaces in P_3


  In this note we investigate three new pencils of symmetric surfaces in
complex projective three-space. These have degree 6, 8 resp. 12 and are
invariant under the action of subgroups of SO(4) containing the Heisenberg
group. The pencils of degree 6 and 12 are invariant under the action of bigger
groups, precisely under the action of the reflection groups F_4 resp. H_4. We
compute equations for the generators of the pencils and describe the base locus
of each pencil. We find also the singular surfaces and their number of
singularities, which are, in fact, ordinary double points. In degree 12, we get
a surface with 600 nodes. This confirms a conjecture of V. Goryounov and
presents a new lower bound for the maximal number of nodes of such a surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7225 </DOCNO>
Conditions for the importance of inelastic losses in photoemission


  It is shown that for materials near the metal insulator transition, inelastic
losses can give rise to substantial changes on a scale of 10-100 meV in the
observed lineshape compared to the intrinsic spectral function of an electron
photoemitted from a solid. These changes arise from the frequency dependence of
the loss function, similar to those directly observed in electron energy loss
experiments. For good metals and insulators, on the other hand, the inelastic
losses not important. We derive quantitative conditions to delineate the
various cases. We find in particular that La$_{1.2}$Sr$_{1.8}$Mn$_2$O$_7$ does
not satisfy these conditions, so that no significant losses are to be expected
in this material. This contradicts the reasoning of Schulte {\it et.al} [Phys.
Rev. B {\bf 63}, 165429 (2001)], who, on finding no significant lineshape
effects in this material, concluded that inelastic losses are always
unimportant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98187 </DOCNO>
On the Representation Theory of Orthofermions and Orthosupersymmetric


  We construct a canonical irreducible representation for the orthofermion
algebra of arbitrary order, and show that every representation decomposes into
irreducible representations that are isomorphic to either the canonical
representation or the trivial representation. We use these results to show that
every orthosupersymmetric system of order $p$ has a parasupersymmetry of order
$p$ and a fractional supersymmetry of order $p+1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76285 </DOCNO>
CP violating transverse lepton polarizaion in $B\to D^{(*)}\ell\bar\nu$


  We give a model-independent analysis of CP violating lepton polarization in
the exclusive semileptonic B decay of $B\to D^{(*)}\ell\bar\nu$ including
dimension six four-fermion tensor interactions at the heavy quark limit. It is
shown that the tensor interactions should not be neglected if the associated
couplings are comparable to others. The effect of tensor interactions on the
transverse lepton polarization appears more dramatically in $B\to D$ than in
$B\to D^*$. In the leptoquark model, the average transverse lepton polarization
is estimated to be $|\bar{P^\perp_D}|\simeq 0.26$ and
$|\bar{P^\perp_{D^*}}|\simeq 0.076$ with commonly used model parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 459 </DOCNO>
Collective enhancement and suppression in dilute Bose-Einstein


  The coherent and collective nature of a Bose-Einstein condensate can enhance
or suppress physical processes. Bosonic stimulation enhances scattering in
already occupied states which leads to matter wave amplification, and the
suppression of dissipation leads to superfluidity. In this summer school notes
we present several experiments where enhancement and suppression have been
observed and discuss the common roots of and differences between these
phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149965 </DOCNO>
Renormalization-group flow in the 3D Georgi-Glashow model


  The renormalization-group (RG) flow in the finite-temperature
(2+1)-dimensional Georgi-Glashow model is explored. This is done in the limit
when the squared electric coupling constant is much larger than the mass of the
Higgs field. The novel equation describing the evolution of the Higgs mass is
derived and integrated along the separatrices of the RG flow in the limit when
the original theory reduces to the 2D XY model. In particular, it is checked
that in the vicinity of the phase-transition point, there exists a range of
parameters allowing to the Higgs mass evolved along some of the separatrices to
remain much smaller than the squared electric coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5653 </DOCNO>
Mott-Hubbard Insulator in Infinite Dimensions


  We calculate the one-particle density of states for the Mott-Hubbard
insulating phase of the Hubbard model on a Bethe lattice in the limit of
infinite coordination number. We employ the Kato-Takahashi perturbation theory
around the strong-coupling limit to derive the Green function. We show that the
Green function for the lower Hubbard band can be expressed in terms of
polynomials in the bare hole-hopping operator. We check our technique against
the exact solution of the Falicov-Kimball model and give explicit results up to
and including second order in the inverse Hubbard interaction. Our results
provide a stringent test for analytical and numerical investigations of the
Mott-Hubbard insulator and the Mott-Hubbard transition within the dynamical
mean-field theory. We find that the Hubbard-III approximation is not
satisfactory beyond lowest order, but the local-moment approach provides a very
good description of the Mott-Hubbard insulator at strong coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75340 </DOCNO>
Pair creation and axial anomaly in light-cone $QED_2$


  The 1+1 dimensional massive Dirac equation is solved exactly in light-cone
coordinates for $x^+ > 0$ and $x^- > -L$, in the presence of an arbitrary $x^+$
dependent electric field. Our solution resolves the ambiguity at $p^+ = 0$. We
also obtain the one loop rate for pair production for a positive electric
field, compute the expectation values of the vector and axial vector currents,
and recover the well known anomaly $e^2 E/\pi$ in the divergence of the latter.
A final intriguing result is that the theory seems to exhibit a phase
transition in the limit of infinite $L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98437 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Differential Geometry and Classical Field Theory on


  Plan of this report is given below: 1. Motivation from Physical and
Mathematical Point of View; 2. Differential Calculi on Finite Groups; 3.
Metrics; 4. Lagrangian Field Theory and Symplectic Structure; 5. Scalar Field
Theory and Spectral of Finite Groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95833 </DOCNO>
On the product by generators of characteristically nilpotent Lie


  We introduce the product by generators of complex nilpotent Lie algebras,
which is a commutative product obtained from a central extension of the direct
sum of Lie algebras. We show that the product preserves also the characteristic
nilpotence provided that the multiplied algebras are $S$-algebras. In
particular, this shows the existence of nonsplit characteristically nilpotent
Lie algebras $\frak{h}$ such that the quotient $\frac{\dim \frak{h}-\dim
Z(\frak{h})}{\dim Z(\frak{h})} $ is as small as wanted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81083 </DOCNO>
SU(2) vortex configuration in Laplacian Center Gauge


  We study how Laplacian Center Gauge identifies the vortex content of a thick
SU(2) vortex configuration on the lattice. This configuration is a solution of
the Yang-Mills classical equations of motion having vortex properties. We find
that this gauge fixing procedure cleanly identifies the underlying vortex
properties. We also study the monopole content of this configuration detected
with this procedure. We obtain two monopole curves lying on the surface of the
vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73951 </DOCNO>
D-brane Inflation


  We discuss a calculable version of brane inflation, in which a set of
parallel D-brane and anti-D-brane worlds, initially displaced in extra
dimension, slowly attract each other. In the effective four-dimensional theory
this slow motion of branes translates into a slow-roll of a scalar field
(proportional to their separation) with a flat potential that drives inflation.
The number of possible e-foldings is severely constrained. The scalar spectral
index is found to be 0.97, while the effective compactification scale is of
order $10^{12}$ GeV. Reheating of the Universe is provided by collision and
subsequent annihilation of branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168080 </DOCNO>
Entangling capacity of global phases and implications for Deutsch-Jozsa


  We investigate the creation of entanglement by the application of phases
whose value depends on the state of a collection of qubits. First we give the
necessary and sufficient conditions for a given set of phases to result in the
creation of entanglement in a state comprising of an arbitrary number of
qubits. Then we analyze the creation of entanglement between any two qubits in
three qubit pure and mixed states. We use our result to prove that entanglement
is necessary for Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm to have an exponential advantage over
its classical counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85954 </DOCNO>
Understanding singularities in Cartan's and NSF geometric structures


  In this work we establish a relationship between Cartan's geometric approach
to third order ODEs and the 3-dim Null Surface Formulation (NSF). We then
generalize both constructions to allow for caustics and singularities that
necessarily arise in these formalisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124208 </DOCNO>
The Multiband Photometry of GRB Host Galaxies: Comparison with the


  We present one of the results of $BVRI$ photometry of the hosts of GRB for
the host galaxy of GRB 970508 and the theoretical modeling of its continuum
spectral energy distribution (SED) to show that it is important to take into
account internal extinction in the host galaxies. We compared the BVRI
broad-band flux spectrum of the host to template SEDs of local starburst
galaxies and found that there is a significant internal extintion in this host.
Moreover, this comparison allows us to derive the absolute magnitude
(M_{B_{rest}}) and rouhgly estimate reddening (A_V). Population synthesis
modeling of the continuum SED for different reddening laws demostrates that the
observational data of the host galaxy of GRB 970508 are best fitted by the
spectral properties of a model SED with extinction of A_V\approx 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4909 </DOCNO>
Fracture in Mode I using a Conserved Phase-Field Model


  We present a continuum phase-field model of crack propagation. It includes a
phase-field that is proportional to the mass density and a displacement field
that is governed by linear elastic theory. Generic macroscopic crack growth
laws emerge naturally from this model. In contrast to classical continuum
fracture mechanics simulations, our model avoids numerical front tracking. The
added phase-field smoothes the sharp interface, enabling us to use equations of
motion for the material (grounded in basic physical principles) rather than for
the interface (which often are deduced from complicated theories or empirical
observations). The interface dynamics thus emerges naturally. In this paper, we
look at stationary solutions of the model, mode I fracture, and also discuss
numerical issues. We find that the Griffith's threshold underestimates the
critical value at which our system fractures due to long wavelength modes
excited by the fracture process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87031 </DOCNO>
Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos and the Gravothermal Catastrophe


  We study the evolution of an isolated, spherical halo of self-interacting
dark matter (SIDM) in the gravothermal fluid formalism. We show that the
thermal relaxation time, $t_r$, of a SIDM halo with a central density and
velocity dispersion of a typical dwarf galaxy is significantly shorter than its
age. We find a self-similar solution for the evolution of a SIDM halo in the
limit where the mean free path between collisions, $\lambda$, is everywhere
longer than the gravitational scale height, $H$. Typical halos formed in this
long mean free path regime relax to a quasistationary gravothermal density
profile characterized by a nearly homogeneous core and a power-law halo where
$\rho \propto r^{-2.19}$. We solve the more general time-dependent problem and
show that the contracting core evolves to sufficiently high density that
$\lambda$ inevitably becomes smaller than $H$ in the innermost region. The core
undergoes secular collapse to a singular state (the ``gravothermal
catastrophe'') in a time $t_{coll} \approx 290 t_r$, which is longer than the
Hubble time for a typical dark matter-dominated galaxy core at the present
epoch. Our model calculations are consistent with previous, more detailed,
N-body simulations for SIDM, providing a simple physical interpretation of
their results and extending them to higher spatial resolution and longer
evolution times. At late times, mass loss from the contracting, dense inner
core to the ambient halo is significantly moderated, so that the final mass of
the inner core may be appreciable when it becomes relativistic and radially
unstable to dynamical collapse to a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 360 </DOCNO>
Sticky Spheres, Entropy barriers and Non-equilibrium phase transitions


  A sticky spheres model to describe slow dynamics of a non-equilibrium system
is proposed. The dynamical slowing down is due to the presence of entropy
barriers. We present an exact mean field analysis of the model and demonstrate
that there is a non-equilibrium phase transition from an exponential cluster
size distribution to a powerlaw.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41512 </DOCNO>
Studies of parton distributions at a neutrino factory


  Determination of parton distribution functions in the nucleon and nuclei is
important for obtaining precise hadron-reaction cross sections, from which any
new exotic signature could be found. We show that a future neutrino factory
provides important information on the parton distributions. First, a recent
effort on the parametrization of nuclear parton distributions is explained. It
suggests that the factory should be important for determining unknown behavior
of valence-quark distributions in nuclei at small x. Second, the facility could
be used for understanding spin structure of the nucleon and isospin violation
in the parton distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73665 </DOCNO>
Effective Range in Doublet S-wave Neutron-Deuteron Scattering


  The effective field theory approach is applied to the three-nucleon process
of $S=1/2$ neutron-deuteron scattering in the S-wave, including the effective
range parameters summed at all orders. This is achieved through a modification
of the power counting, following a recent suggestion in the literature. It is
shown that with this procedure, while the convergence of the loop integrals
improves, one cannot meaningfully include a three-body effective term to
describe low-energy data affected by the presence of the triton bound state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41652 </DOCNO>
Collider versus Cosmic Ray Sensitivity to Black Hole Production


  In scenarios with extra dimensions and TeV-scale quantum gravity, black holes
are expected to be produced copiously at center-of-mass energies above the
fundamental Planck scale. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) may thus turn into a
factory of black holes, at which their production and evaporation may be
studied in detail. But even before the LHC starts operating, the Pierre Auger
Observatory for cosmic rays, presently under construction, has an opportunity
to search for black hole signatures. Black hole production in the scattering of
ultrahigh energy cosmic neutrinos on nucleons in the atmosphere may initiate
quasi-horizontal air showers far above the Standard Model rate. In this letter,
we compare the sensitivity of LHC and Auger to black hole production by
studying their respective reach in black hole production parameter space.
Moreover, we present constraints in this parameter space from the
non-observation of horizontal showers by the Fly's Eye collaboration. We find
that if the ultrahigh energy neutrino flux is at the level expected from cosmic
ray interactions with the cosmic microwave background radiation, Auger has only
a small window of opportunity to detect black holes before the start of the
LHC. If, on the other hand, larger ultrahigh energy neutrino fluxes on the
level of the upper limit from ``hidden'' hadronic astrophysical sources are
realized in nature, then the first signs of black hole production may be
observed at Auger. Moreover, in this case, the Fly's Eye constraints, although
more model dependent, turn out to be competitive with other currently available
constraints on TeV-scale gravity which are mainly based on interactions
associated with Kaluza-Klein gravitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148243 </DOCNO>
The heat kernel coefficients for the dielectric cylinder


  We calculate the \hkks for the \elm field in the background of a dielectric
cylinder with non equal speeds of light inside and outside. The coefficient
 $a_{2}$ whose vanishing makes the vacuum energy of a massless field unique,
turns out to be zero in dilute order, i.e., in order $(\ep-1)^{2}$, and nonzero
beyond. As a consequence, the vanishing of the vacuum energy in the presence of
a dielectric cylinder found by Casimir-Polder summation must take place
irrespectively of the methods by which it might be calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95981 </DOCNO>
Iwasawa Effects in Multi-layer Optics


  There are many two-by-two matrices in layer optics. It is shown that they can
be formulated in terms of a three-parameter group whose algebraic property is
the same as the group of Lorentz transformations in a space with two space-like
and one time-like dimensions, or the $Sp(2)$ group which is a standard
theoretical tool in optics. Among the interesting mathematical properties of
this group, the Iwasawa decomposition drastically simplifies the matrix algebra
under certain conditions, and leads to a concise expression for the S-matrix
for transmitted and reflected rays. It is shown that the Iwasawa effect can be
observed in multi-layer optics, and a sample calculation of the S-matrix is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96580 </DOCNO>
Crystal bases and q-identities


  The relation of crystal bases with $q$-identities is discussed, and some new
results on crystals and $q$-identities associated with the affine Lie algebra
$C_n^{(1)}$ are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124903 </DOCNO>
Emission and Structure of Compact Fireballs


  The possibility that the peak of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of
prompt GRB emission is produced on compact scales, prior to the acceleration of
the fireball to its terminal Lorentz factor is considered. It is argued that if
dissipation on these scales is associated with pair creation processes, then
the observed clustering of SED peaks can be accounted for quite naturally by
this mechanism. Further dissipation and processing of pairs and gamma rays at
larger radii, can give rise to a nonthermal extension of the spectrum up to a
rather high observed energy. If the nonthermal processes on these scales
conserve the total flux of fireball quanta, then the SED peak, which is
established on much smaller scales, will not be altered significantly. The
asymptotic bulk Lorentz factor in this model should exceed several hundred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126065 </DOCNO>
Broad emission lines from opaque electron-scattering environment of SN


  I propose that broad narrow-topped emission lines with full width at zero
intensity >20000 km/s, seen in early-time spectra of SN 1998S, originate from a
dense circumstellar gas and not from the supernova ejecta. The tremendous line
width is the result of multiple scattering of the narrow line radiation on
thermal electrons of the circumstellar shell with the Thomson optical depth of
about 4 on 1998 March 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2997 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Theory of the FQHE: Conserving Approximation for


  A microscopic Hamiltonian theory of the FQHE developed by Shankar and the
present author based on the fermionic Chern-Simons approach has recently been
quite successful in calculating gaps and finite tempertature properties in
Fractional Quantum Hall states. Initially proposed as a small-$q$ theory, it
was subsequently extended by Shankar to form an algebraically consistent theory
for all $q$ in the lowest Landau level. Such a theory is amenable to a
conserving approximation in which the constraints have vanishing correlators
and decouple from physical response functions. Properties of the incompressible
fractions are explored in this conserving approximation, including the
magnetoexciton dispersions and the evolution of the small-$q$ structure factor
as $\nu\to\half$. Finally, a formalism capable of dealing with a nonuniform
ground state charge density is developed and used to show how the correct
fractional value of the quasiparticle charge emerges from the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85967 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Perturbations with Multiple Fluids and Fields


  We consider the evolution of perturbed cosmological spacetime with multiple
fluids and fields in Einstein gravity. Equations are presented in gauge-ready
forms, and are presented in various forms using the curvature (\Phi or
\phi_\chi) and isocurvature (S_{(ij)} or \delta \phi_{(ij)}) perturbation
variables in the general background with K and \Lambda. We clarify the
conditions for conserved curvature and isocurvature perturbations in the
large-scale limit. Evolutions of curvature perturbations in many different
gauge conditions are analysed extensively. In the multi-field system we present
a general solution to the linear order in slow-roll parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179074 </DOCNO>
Antikaons in nuclei and dense nuclear matter


  We present recent progress on the properties of antikaons in nuclei and dense
nuclear matter as obtained from two {\bar K}N interaction models: one based on
the lowest-order meson-baryon chiral lagrangian and the other derived from a
meson-exchange picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128327 </DOCNO>
Stellar Populations in Star Clusters: The Role Played by Stochastic


  In this paper I combine the results of a set of population synthesis models
with simple Montecarlo simulations of stochastic effects in the number of stars
occupying sparsely populated stellar evolutionary phases, to show that the
scatter observed in the magnitudes and colors of LMC and NGC 7252 star clusters
can be understood in the framework of current stellar evolution theory, without
the need to introduce ad-hoc corrections (e.g. artificially increasing the
number of AGB stars).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76172 </DOCNO>
Has spacetime torsion already been detected in Lorentz and CPT tests


  Bluhm-Kostelecky (BK) Lagrangian to test Lorentz violation with
spin-polarised test bodies is shown to be transformed to a torsion-coupling
constant Lagrangian by taking into account the Fock-Ivanenko coefficients in
spinor form. In this way one is able to introduce torsion in their Lagrangian
and make use of the value of their coupling constant to infer that torsion
maybe observed in this type of spin-polarised body experiment.The theory would
be a low-energy limit of a quasi-Riemannian gravity in Riemann-Cartan spacetime
previously proposed by Gasperini.In this theory of gravity Lorentz local gauge
symmetry is violated while global coordinate transformations are
preserved.Torsion coupling obtained in this way could be as high as $10^{-29}
GeV$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148039 </DOCNO>
Superconvergence and Duality


  Superconvergence relations for the transverse gauge field propagator can be
used in order to show that the corresponding gauge quanta are not elements of
the physical state space, as defined by the BRST algebra. With a given gauge
group, these relations are valid for a limited region in the number of matter
fields, indicating a phase transition at the boundary. In the case of SUSY
gauge theories with matter fields in the fundamental representation, the
results predicted by superconvergence can be compared directly with those
obtained on the basis of duality and the conformal algebra. There is exact
agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73836 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model in the Latticized Bulk


  We construct the manifestly gauge invariant effective Lagrangian in 3+1
dimensions describing the Standard Model in 4+1 dimensions, following the
transverse lattice technique. We incorporate split generation fermions and we
explore naturalness for two Higgs configurations: a universal Higgs VEV, common
to each transverse brane, and a local Higgs VEV centered on a single brane with
discrete exponential attenuation to other branes, emulating the
split-generation model. Extra dimensions, with explicit Higgs, do not
ameliorate the naturalness problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123974 </DOCNO>
Structure of gaseous flows in semidetached binaries after mass transfer


  The results of three-dimensional numerical simulations of mass transfer in
semidetached binaries after mass transfer termination is presented and the
structure of residual accretion disk was investigated. It was shown that after
the mass transfer termination the quasi-elliptic accretion disk becomes
circular. It was also shown that the cessation of mass transfer results in
changing of the structure of the accretion disk: the second arm of spiral shock
is appeared as well as a new dense formation (blob), the latter moving through
the disk with variable velocity. The blob doesn't smear out under the action of
dissipation but is sustained by interaction with arms of spiral shock for
practically all the lifetime of the disk.
      We also analyze the dependence of disk's lifetime on the value of
viscosity. For the value of parameter $\alpha$ that is typical for observing
accretion disk ($\alpha\sim0.01$) the lifetime of residual disk is found to be
equal to 50 orbital periods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74055 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking on a Brane in Reduced QED


  Reduced gauge theories are theories in which while gauge fields propagate in
a bulk, fermion fields are localized on a brane. We study dynamical chiral
symmetry breaking on a 2-brane and a 1-brane in reduced QED_{3+1}, and on a
1-brane in reduced QED_{2+1}. Since, unlike higher dimensional gauge theories,
QED_{3+1} and QED_{2+1} are well defined, their reduced versions can serve as a
laboratory for studying dynamics in a higher dimensional brane world. The
analysis of the Schwinger-Dyson (SD) equations in these theories reveals rich
and quite nontrivial dynamics in which the conformal symmetry and its breakdown
play a crucial role. Explicit solutions of the SD equations in the
near-critical regime are obtained and the character of the corresponding phase
transition is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74250 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the Electron Structure Function


  The electron and photon structure functions are compared. Advantages of the
electron structure function are demonstrated. At very high momenta
probabilistic (partonic) interpretation can be preserved despite strong
$\gamma$-$Z$ interference. At present energies analyses of both the electron
and the photon structure functions give an important test of the experimentally
applied methods. Predictions for the electron structure function at present and
future momenta are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125715 </DOCNO>
Constraints on SIDM with flavor mixing


  The self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) model with flavor mixing
(astro-ph/0010616) was proposed to resolve problems of the CDM model on small
scales by keeping attractive features of both SIDM and annihilating dark
matter, and simultaneously avoid their drawbacks. A dark particle produced in a
flavor eigenstate will separate into two mass eigenstates because they
propagate with different velocities and, in a gravitational filed, along
different geodesics, see Fig. 1. Thus, in the flavor-mixed SIDM, dark halos are
made of heavy eigenstates, whereas light eigenstates may leave the halo.
Collisions (elastic scattering) of mass states results in eigenstate
conversion, see Fig. 2, which leads to the gradual decrease of the halo mass in
high-density cusps. On the other hand, in the early Universe, one may expect a
problem of over-production of light (hot) particles over heavy (cold) when the
temperature of dark matter falls below the mass of the heavy component. We show
how this problem is avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149382 </DOCNO>
Gravity waves from inflating brane or Mirrors moving in adS$_5$


  We study tensor perturbations in a model with inflating Randall--Sundrum-type
brane embedded in five-dimensional anti-de Sitter (adS$_5$) bulk. In this
model, a natural {\it in}-vacuum of gravitons is the vacuum defined in static
adS$_5$ frame. We show that this vacuum is, in fact, the same as the {\it
in}-vacuum defined in the frame with de Sitter (dS$_4$) slicing, in which the
brane is at rest. Thus, during inflation, gravitons on and off the brane remain
in their vacuum state. We then study graviton creation by the brane on which
inflation terminates at some moment of time. We mostly consider gravitons whose
wavelengths at the end of inflation exceed both the horizon size and the
adS$_5$ radius. Creation of these gravitons is dominated by (zero mode)--(zero
mode) Bogoliubov coefficients and, apart from an overall factor, the spectrum
of produced gravitons is the same as in four-dimensional theory.
``Kaluza--Klein'' gravitons are also produced, but this effect is subdominant.
Graviton spectra at somewhat higher momenta are also presented for
completeness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126059 </DOCNO>
Second-Parameter Globular Clusters in the Milky Way and in M33 as


  I suggest that the bulk of the "young", second-parameter globular clusters
(SPGCs) observed in the outer halo of our Galaxy and recently found in other
massive spiral of the Local Group (LG), M33, may have originated due to mass
outflow from M31 and subsequent accretion of gas on the Galaxy and M33 in the
early epoch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84062 </DOCNO>
A Straightforward Approach to Morphological Analysis and Synthesis


  In this paper we present a lexicon-based approach to the problem of
morphological processing. Full-form words, lemmas and grammatical tags are
interconnected in a DAWG. Thus, the process of analysis/synthesis is reduced to
a search in the graph, which is very fast and can be performed even if several
pieces of information are missing from the input. The contents of the DAWG are
updated using an on-line incremental process. The proposed approach is language
independent and it does not utilize any morphophonetic rules or any other
special linguistic information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129153 </DOCNO>
The New Emerging Model for the Structure of Cooling Cores in Clusters of


  New X-ray observations with XMM-Newton show a lack of spectral evidence for
large amounts of cooling and condensing gas in the centers of galaxy clusters
believed to harbour strong cooling flows. The paper reexplores the cooling flow
scenario in the light of the new observations. We explore the diagnostics of
the temperature structure of cooling cores with XMM-spectroscopy, tests for
intracluster X-ray absorption towards central AGN, the effect of metal
abundance inhomogeneities, and the implications of high resolution images in
the centers of clusters. We find no evidence of intrinsic absorption in the
center of the cooling flows of M87 and the Perseus cluster. We further consider
the effect of cluster rotation in cooling flow regions in the frame of cosmic
structure evolution models. Also the heating of the core regions of clusters by
jets from a central AGN is reconsidered. We find that the power of the AGN jets
as estimated by their interaction effects with the intracluster medium in
several examples is more then sufficient to heat the cooling flows and to
reduce the mass deposition rates. We explore in more detail which requirements
such a heating model has to fulfill to be consistent with all observations,
point out the way such a model could be constructed, and argue that such model
building seems to be successful. In summary it is argued that most
observational evidence points towards much lower mass deposition rates than
previously inferred in the central region of clusters thought to contain strong
cooling flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83992 </DOCNO>
Quantum Lower Bound for the Collision Problem


  The collision problem is to decide whether a function X:{1,..,n}->{1,..,n} is
one-to-one or two-to-one, given that one of these is the case. We show a lower
bound of Theta(n^{1/5}) on the number of queries needed by a quantum computer
to solve this problem with bounded error probability. The best known upper
bound is O(n^{1/3}), but obtaining any lower bound better than Theta(1) was an
open problem since 1997. Our proof uses the polynomial method augmented by some
new ideas. We also give a lower bound of Theta(n^{1/7}) for the problem of
deciding whether two sets are equal or disjoint on a constant fraction of
elements. Finally we give implications of these results for quantum complexity
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123541 </DOCNO>
Optical studies of two LMC X-ray transients : RX J0544.1-7100 and RX


  We report observations which confirm the identities of the optical
counterpart to the transient sources RX J0544.1-7100 and RX J0520.5-6932. The
counterparts are suggested to be a B-type stars. Optical data from the
observations carried out at ESO and SAAO, together with results from the OGLE
data base, are presented. In addition, X-ray data from the RXTE all-sky monitor
are investigated for long term periodicities. A strong suggestion for a binary
period of 24.4d is seen in RX J0520.5-6932 from the OGLE data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76473 </DOCNO>
Inclusive Gluon Production in DIS at High Parton Density


  We calculate the cross section of a single inclusive gluon production in deep
inelastic scattering at very high energies in the saturation regime, where the
parton densities inside hadrons and nuclei are large and the evolution of
structure functions with energy is nonlinear. The expression we obtain for the
inclusive gluon production cross section is generated by this nonlinear
evolution. We analyze the rapidity distribution of the produced gluons as well
as their transverse momentum spectrum given by the derived expression for the
inclusive cross section. We propose an ansatz for the multiplicity distribution
of gluons produced in nuclear collisions which includes the effects of
nonlinear evolution in both colliding nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98439 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphisms with an anomalous growth of the differential


  The paper is withdrawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41537 </DOCNO>
Construction and Performance of a Micro-Pattern Stereo Detector with Two


  The construction of a micro-pattern gas detector of dimensions 40x10 cm**2 is
described. Two gas electron multiplier foils (GEM) provide the internal
amplification stages. A two-layer readout structure was used, manufactured in
the same technology as the GEM foils. The strips of each layer cross at an
effective crossing angle of 6.7 degrees and have a 406 um pitch. The
performance of the detector has been evaluated in a muon beam at CERN using a
silicon telescope as reference system. The position resolutions of two
orthogonal coordinates are measured to be 50 um and 1 mm, respectively. The
muon detection efficiency for two-dimensional space points reaches 96%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124928 </DOCNO>
PSR J2229+6114: Discovery of an Energetic Young Pulsar in the Error Box


  We report the detection of radio and X-ray pulsations at a period of 51.6 ms
from the X-ray source RX/AX J2229.0+6114 in the error box of the EGRET source
3EG J2227+6122. An ephemeris derived from a single ASCA observation and
multiple epochs at 1412 MHz from Jodrell Bank indicates steady spin-down with
P-dot = 7.83 x 10^(-14) s/s. From the measured P and P-dot we derive spin-down
power E-dot = 2.2 x 10^(37) erg/s, magnetic field B = 2.0 x 10^(12) G, and
characteristic age P/2P-dot = 10,460 yr. An image from the Chandra X-ray
Observatory reveals a point source surrounded by centrally peaked diffuse
emission that is contained within an incomplete radio shell. We assign the name
G106.6+2.9 to this new supernova remnant, which is evidently a pulsar wind
nebula. For a distance of 3 kpc estimated from X-ray absorption, the ratio of
X-ray luminosity to spin-down power is ~8 x 10^(-5), smaller than that of most
pulsars, but similar to the Vela pulsar. If PSR J2229+6114 is the counterpart
of 3EG J2227+6122 then its efficiency of gamma-ray production, if isotropic, is
0.016 (d/3 kpc)^2. It obeys an established trend of gamma-ray efficiency among
known gamma-ray pulsars which, in combination with the demonstrated absence of
any other plausible counterpart for 3EG J2227+6122, makes the identification
compelling. If confirmed, this identification bolsters the pulsar model for
unidentified Galactic EGRET sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124157 </DOCNO>
The BeppoSAX view of the X-ray active nucleus of NGC4258


  BeppoSAX observed NGC4258 on December 1998, when its 2-10 keV luminosity was
\~1E41 erg/s. 100% variability is observed in the 3-10 keV band on timescales of
a half a day while 20% variability is observed on timescales of one hour. The
nuclear component is visible above 2 keV only, being obscured by a column
density of (9.5+/-1.2)E22 cm-2; this component is detected up to 70 keV with
S/N>=3 and with the steep power law energy index of 1.11+/-0.14. Bremsstrahlung
emission for the 2-70 keV X-ray luminosity, as expected in ADAF models with
strong winds, is ruled out by the data. The ratio between the nuclear radio and
the X-ray luminosities is <=1E-5, similar to that of radio quiet AGN. X-ray
variability and spectral shape, radio to X-ray and NIR to X-ray luminosity
ratios suggest that the nucleus of NGC4258 could be a scaled-down version of a
Seyfert nucleus. The soft (E<=2keV) X-ray emission is complex. There are at
least two thermal-like components, with T1=0.6+/-0.1 keV and T2>=1.3 keV. The
cooler (L(0.1-2.4keV)=1E40 erg/s) component is probably associated with the
jet, resolved in X-rays by the ROSAT HRI. The second component, which can be
modeled equally well by an unobscured power law model, has L(0.1-2.4keV)~7E39
erg/s, consistent with that expected from discrete X-ray sources in the host
galaxy. NGC4258 and other maser AGNs show strong nuclear X-ray absorption. We
propose that this large column of gas might be responsible for shielding the
regions of maser emission from X-ray illumination. So a large column density
gas may be a necessary property of masing AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73234 </DOCNO>
Soft Gluon Resummation in Transverse Momentum Space for Electroweak


  The distribution of W and Z bosons produced with small transverse momentum
(pt) at hadron colliders receives important contributions from large logarithms
arising from soft gluon emission. Although conventionally the all-orders
resummation of these `Sudakov' logarithms is performed in impact parameter
(Fourier transform) space, pt-space resummation is also possible, and offers
certain advantages.We present a detailed phenomenological analysis of W and Z
production at small pt at the Tevatron $p \bar p$ collider, using pt-space
resummation. A good description of the CDF and D0 data can be obtained provided
a significant non-perturbative contribution is included. We also present
predictions for the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127320 </DOCNO>
Variability Time Scales of TeV Blazars Observed in the ASCA Continuous


  Three uninterrupted, long (lasting respectively 7, 10, and 10 days) ASCA
observations of the well-studied TeV-bright blazars Mrk 421, Mrk 501 and PKS
2155-304 all show continuous strong X-ray flaring. Despite the relatively faint
intensity states in 2 of the 3 sources, there was no identifiable quiescent
period in any of the observations. Structure function analysis shows that all
blazars have a characteristic time scale of ~ a day, comparable to the
recurrence time and to the time scale of the stronger flares. On the other
hand, examination of these flares in more detail reveals that each of the
strong flares is not a smooth increase and decrease, but exhibits substructures
of shorter flares having time scales of ~10 ks. We verify via simulations that
in order to explain the observed structure function, these shorter flares
("shots") are unlikely to be fully random, but in some way are correlated with
each other. The energy dependent cross-correlation analysis shows that
inter-band lags are not universal in TeV blazars. This is important since in
the past, only positive detections of lags were reported. In this work, we
determine that the sign of a lag may differ from flare to flare; significant
lags of both signs were detected from several flares, while no significant lag
was detected from others. However, we also argue that the nature of the
underlying component can affect these values. The facts that all flares are
nearly symmetric and that fast variability shorter than the characteristic time
scale is strongly suppressed, support the scenario where the light crossing
time dominates the variability time scales of the day-scale flares.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148115 </DOCNO>
Domain Walls, Black Holes, and Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics


  Supersymmetric solutions, such as BPS domain walls or black holes, in four-
and five-dimensional supergravity theories with eight supercharges can be
described by effective quantum mechanics with a potential term. We show how
properties of the latter theory can help us to learn about the physics of
supersymmetric vacua and BPS solutions in these supergravity theories. The
general approach is illustrated in a number of specific examples where scalar
fields of matter multiplets take values in symmetric coset spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124251 </DOCNO>
A new sample of large angular size radio galaxies. I. The radio data


  We present a new sample of 84 large angular size radio galaxies selected from
the NRAO VLA Sky Survey. Radio sources with declination above +60 degrees,
total flux density greater than 100 mJy at 1.4 GHz and angular size larger than
4 arcmin have been selected and observed with the VLA at 1.4 and 4.9 GHz. The
radio observations attempt to confirm the large angular size sources and to
isolate the core emission for optical identification. In this paper, the first
of a series of three, we present radio maps of 79 sources from the sample and
discuss the effects of the selection criteria in the final sample. 37 radio
galaxies belong to the class of giants, of which 22 are reported in this paper
for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1006 </DOCNO>
Thermal concurrence mixing in a 1D Ising model


  We investigate the entanglement arising naturally in a 1D Ising chain in a
magnetic field in an arbitrary direction. We find that for different
temperatures, different orientations of the magnetic field give maximum
entanglement. In the high temperature limit, this optimal orientation
corresponds to the magnetic field being perpendicular to the Ising orientation
(z direction). In the low temperature limit, we find that varying the angle of
the magnetic field very slightly from the z direction leads to a rapid rise in
entanglement. We also find that the orientation of the magnetic field for
maximum entanglement varies with the field amplitude. Furthermore, we have
derived a simple rule for the mixing of concurrences (a measure of
entanglement) due to mixing of pure states satisfying certain conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129373 </DOCNO>
The CMB - Contemporary Measurements and Cosmology


  Since the discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in 1965,
characterization of the CMB anisotropy angular power spectrum has become
somewhat of a holy grail for experimental cosmology. Because CMB anisotropy
measurements are difficult, the full potential of the CMB is only now being
realized. Improvements in experimental techniques and detector technology have
yielded an explosion of progress in the past couple of years resulting in the
ability to use measurements of the CMB to place meaningful constraints on
cosmological parameters. In this review, I discuss the theory behind the CMB
but focus primarily on the experiments, reviewing briefly the history of CMB
anisotropy measurements and focusing on the recent experiments that have
revolutionized this field. Results from these modern experiments are reviewed
and the cosmological implications discussed. I conclude with brief comments
about the future of CMB physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75707 </DOCNO>
Large-Nc Methods in Kaon Physics


  This talk reviews recent progress in formulating the dynamics of Kaon
Physics, within the framework of the 1/Nc-expansion in QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169145 </DOCNO>
Are Quantum Computing Models Realistic?


  It has been suggested that the commonly used circuit model of ``quantum''
computing is not physically realistic because it leaves out the problems of
initial state preparation (how to get the individual particles into a specific
coherent state) and particle statistics (indistinguishability of quantum
particles). We review some limitations of this model and ask if other more
powerful models exist. We also ask if models in complete agreement with all the
rules of quantum mechanics can be devised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123482 </DOCNO>
Circumstellar masers in the Magellanic Clouds


  We have searched for 22 GHz H2O and 43/86/129 GHz SiO masers in bright IRAS
point sources in the SMC and LMC, to test whether the kinematics of the mass
loss from these stars depends on metallicity. H2O masers were detected in the
red supergiants IRAS04553-6825 and IRAS05280-6910, and tentatively in the
luminous IR object IRAS05216-6753 and the AGB star IRAS05329-6708. SiO masers
were detected in IRAS04553-6825. The outflow velocity increases between the H2O
masing zone near the dust-formation region and the more distant OH masing zone
from 18 to 26 km/s for IRAS04553-6825 and from 6 to 17 km/s for IRAS05280-6910.
The total sample of LMC targets is analysed in comparison with circumstellar
masers in the Galactic Centre. The photon fluxes of circumstellar masers in the
LMC are very similar to those in the Galactic Centre. The expansion velocities
in the LMC appear to be 20% lower than for similarly bright OH masers in the
Galactic Centre, but the data are consistent with no difference in expansion
velocity. OH/IR stars in the LMC appear to have slower accelerating envelopes
than OH/IR stars in the Galactic Centre. Masers in the LMC have blue-asymmetric
emission profiles. This may be due to the amplification of stellar and/or
free-free radiation, rather than the amplification of dust emission, and may be
more pronounced in low metallicity envelopes. SiO maser strength increases with
the photometric amplitude at 2.2 micron but is independent of the photometric
amplitude at 10 micron. This suggests a strong connection between shocks in the
dust-free SiO masing zone and the dust formation process. Appendices describe
H2O maser emission from R Dor in the Milky Way, optical echelle spectroscopy of
IRAS04553-6825, and the properties of masers in the Galactic Centre (Abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97511 </DOCNO>
Small Covers of the Dodecahedron and the 120-cell


  Let P be the right-angled dodecahedron or 120-cell in hyperbolic space, and
let W be the group generated by reflections across codimension-one faces of P.
We prove that if Gamma is a torsion-free subgroup of minimal index in W, then
the corresponding hyperbolic manifold H^n/Gamma is determined up to
homeomorphism by Gamma (modulo symmetries of P).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95882 </DOCNO>
Ito formula for free stochastic integrals


  The objects under investigation are the stochastic integrals with respect to
free Levy processes. We define such integrals for square-integrable integrands,
as well as for a certain general class of bounded integrands. Using the product
form of the Ito formula, we prove the full functional Ito formula in this
context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150130 </DOCNO>
Coset Character Identities in Superstring Compactifications


  We apply the coset character identities (generalization of Jacobi's abstruse
identity) to compact and noncompact Gepner models. In the both cases, we prove
that the partition function actually vanishes due to the spacetime
supersymmetry. In the case of the compact models and discrete parts of the
noncompact models, the partition function includes the expected vanishing
factor. But the character identities used to the continuous part of the
noncompact models suggest that these models have twice as many supersymmetry as
expected. This fact is an evidence for the conjecture that the holographically
dual of the string theory on an actually singular Calabi-Yau manifold is a
super CONFORMAL field theory. The extra SUSY charges are interpreted as the
superconformal S generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125994 </DOCNO>
On the reliability of peak-flux distributions, with an application to


  Narrow-band radio spikes have been recorded during a solar flare with
unprecedented resolution. This unique example allows to study the effect of low
resolution in previously published peak-flux distributions of radio spikes. We
give a general, analytical expression for how an actual peak-flux distribution
is changed in shape if the peaks are determined with low temporal and/or
frequency resolution. It turns out that, generally, low resolution tends to
cause an exponential behavior at large flux values if the actual distribution
is of power-law shape. The distribution may be severely altered if the
burst-duration depends on the peak-flux. The derived expression is applicable
also to peak-flux distributions derived at other wavelengths (e.g. soft and
hard X-rays, EUV). We show that for the analyzed spike-event the resolution was
sufficient for a reliable peak flux distribution. It can be fitted by
generalized power-laws or by an exponential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4516 </DOCNO>
Comparison of the energy histograms and conformations between different


  Based on large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on lattice the energy
probability distribution functions are investigated for a large set of primary
sequences in distinct models of copolymers at low temperatures below
transitions to compacted states. Amphiphilic copolymers with hydrophobic and
hydrophilic units are found to produce a single or double peak energy
distributions corresponding to mono- or multi-meric micellar conformations.
However, copolymers with short ranged random `charge' interactions in some
cases are found to produce energy distribution functions with a well pronounced
lowest energy state and a gap separating it from the rest of the spectrum.
These, however have rather peculiar conformations corresponding to effectively
immiscible domains comprised from monomers of likewise species. Relevance of
these observations for coarse-grained models for protein folding is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99198 </DOCNO>
On the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian structures of time-dependent


  In this paper we study the reductions of evolutionary PDEs on the manifold of
the stationary points of time--dependent symmetries. In particular we describe
how that the finite dimensional Hamiltonian structure of the reduced system is
obtained from the Hamiltonian structure of the initial PDE and we construct the
time--dependent Hamiltonian function. We also present a very general Lagrangian
formulation of the procedure of reduction. As an application we consider the
case of the Painlev\'e equations PI, PII, PIII, PVI and also certain higher
order systems appeared in the theory of Frobenius manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6943 </DOCNO>
Depinning and Dynamics of Systems with Competing Interactions in


  We examine the depinning and driven dynamics of a system in which there is a
competition between long range Coulomb repulsive and short range attractive
interactions. In the absence of disorder the system forms Wigner crystal,
stripe, and clump phases as the attractive interaction is increased. With
quenched disorder, these phases are fragmented and there is a finite depinning
threshold. The stripe phase is the most strongly pinned and shows hysteretic
transport properties. At higher drives beyond depinning, a dynamical reordering
transition occurs in all the phases, which is associated with a characteristic
transport signature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98204 </DOCNO>
Exponential Convergence to Non-Equilibrium Stationary States in


  We continue the study of a model for heat conduction consisting of a chain of
non-linear oscillators coupled to two Hamiltonian heat reservoirs at different
temperatures. We establish existence of a Liapunov function for the chain
dynamics and use it to show exponentially fast convergence of the dynamics to a
unique stationary state. Ingredients of the proof are the reduction of the
infinite dimensional dynamics to a finite-dimensional stochastic process as
well as a bound on the propagation of energy in chains of anharmonic
oscillators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129053 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Timing at Urumqi Astronomical Observatory: Observing System and


  A pulsar timing system has been operating in the 18-cm band at the Urumqi
Astronomical Observatory 25-m telescope since mid-1999. Frequency resolution
allowing dedispersion of the pulsar signals is provided by a 2X128X2.5 MHz
filterbank/digitiser system. Observations of 74 pulsars over more than 12
months have resulted in updated pulsar periods and period derivatives, as well
as improved positions. Comparison with previous measurements showed that the
changes in period and period derivative tend to have the same sign and to be
correlated in amplitude. A model based on unseen glitches gives a good
explanation of the observed changes, suggesting that long-term fluctuations in
period and period derivatives are dominated by glitches. In 2000 July, we
detected a glitch of relative amplitude Delta_nu/nu~24X1e-9 in the Crab pulsar.
The post-glitch decay appears similar to other large Crab glitches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149865 </DOCNO>
AdS and dS Braneworld Kaluza-Klein Reduction


  We obtain new results for consistent braneworld Kaluza-Klein reductions,
showing how we can derive four-dimensional N=2 gauged supergravity ``localised
on the AdS_4 brane'' as an exact embedding in five-dimensional N=4 gauged
supergravity. Similarly, we obtain five-dimensional N=2 gauged supergravity
localised on an AdS_5 brane as a consistent Kaluza-Klein reduction from
six-dimensional N=4 gauged supergravity. These embeddings can be lifted to type
IIB and massive type IIA supergravity respectively. The new AdS braneworld
Kaluza-Klein reductions are generalisations of earlier results on braneworld
reductions to ungauged supergravities. The lower-dimensional cosmological
constant in our AdS braneworld reductions is an adjustable parameter, and so it
can be chosen to be small enough to be phenomenologically realistic, even if
the higher-dimensional one is of Planck scale. We also discuss analytic
continuations to give a de Sitter gauged supergravity in four dimensions as a
braneworld Kaluza-Klein reduction. We find that there are two distinct routes
that lead to the same four-dimensional theory. In one, we start from a
five-dimensional de Sitter supergravity, which itself arises from a
Kaluza-Klein reduction of type IIB^* supergravity on the hyperbolic 5-sphere.
In the other, we start from AdS gauged supergravity in five dimensions, with an
analytic continuation of the two 2-form potentials, and embed the
four-dimensional de Sitter supergravity in that. The five-dimensional theory
itself comes from an O(4,3)/O(3,2) reduction of Hull's type IIB_{7+3}
supergravity in ten dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95405 </DOCNO>
Immersed Submanifold and Restricted Dirac Equations: Generalized


  Using the submanifold quantum mechanical scheme, the restricted Dirac
operator in a submanifold is defined. Then it is shown that the zero mode of
the Dirac operator expresses the local properties of the submanifold, such as
the Frenet-Serret and generalized Weierstrass relations. In other words this
article gives a representation of a further generalized Weierstrass relations
for a general k-spin manifolds immersed in n-dimensional euclidean space
(0<k<n).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126778 </DOCNO>
Formation and Evolution of the Trans-Neptunian Belt and Dust


  Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) with diameter greater than 100 km currently
moving in not too eccentric orbits could be formed directly by the contraction
of large rarefied condensations. Along with the gravitational influence of
planets, gravitational interactions of TNOs played a certain role in their
orbital evolution as well. More than 20% of Earth-crossing objects could have
come from the trans-Neptunian belt. TNOs and Centaurs (invisible comets mainly
beyond Jupiter) could produce an important contribution to the dust content of
the interplanetary dust cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126041 </DOCNO>
Looking for clues to the nature of HI deficiency in cluster spirals


  We derive the atomic hydrogen content for 1900 spirals in the fields of
eighteen nearby clusters. By comparing the HI deficiency distributions of the
galaxies inside and outside one Abell radius ($\ra$) of the center of each
region, we find that two thirds of the clusters in our sample show a dearth of
neutral gas in their interiors. Possible connections between the gaseous
deficiency and the characteristics of both the underlying galaxies and their
environment are investigated in order to gain insight into the cause of HI
depletion. In the clusters in which neutral gas deficiency is pronounced, we
see clear indications that the amount of depletion is related to the morphology
of the galaxies: early-type and, probably, dwarf spirals are more easily
emptied of gas than the intermediate Sbc-Sc types. Gas contents below one
tenth, and even one hundredth, of the expected value have been measured,
implying that gas removal must be very efficient. Our 21-cm data also show that
in the HI-deficient clusters the proportion of gas-poor spirals decreases
continuously towards the outskirts of these systems, the zone of significant
deficiency reaching as far out as $2\ra$. In an independent analysis of the
Virgo cluster, we find suggestive indications that gas losses are driven by the
interaction of the disks with the inner hot intracluster gas around M87. We
also report evidence that gas-poor spirals follow more radial orbits than those
of the gas-rich objects. We conclude that ISM-IGM hydrodynamic effects appear
as the most plausible cause of HI removal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98548 </DOCNO>
Differentiable functions defined in closed sets. A problem of Whitney


  In 1934, Whitney raised the question of how to recognize whether a function f
defined on a closed subset X of Euclidean space is the restriction of a
function that is continuously differentiable to order p. A necessary and
sufficient criterion was given in the case n=1 by Whitney, using limits of
finite differences, and in the case p=1 by Glaeser (1958), using limits of
secants. We introduce a necessary geometric criterion, for general n and p,
involving limits of finite differences, that we conjecture is sufficient at
least if X has a "tame topology". We prove that, if X is a compact subanalytic
set, then there exists q=q(p) such that the criterion of order q implies that f
is p times continuously differentiable. The result gives a new approach to
higher-order tangent bundles (or bundles of differentiable operators) on
singular spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5468 </DOCNO>
Spin dynamics of a one-dimensional spin-1/2 fully anisotropic Ising-like


  We consider the one-dimensional Ising-like fully anisotropic S=1/2 Heisenberg
antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian and study the dynamics of domain wall excitations
in the presence of transverse magnetic field $h_x$. We obtain dynamical spin
correlation functions along the magnetic field $S^{xx}(q,\omega)$ and
perpendicular to it $S^{yy}(q,\omega)$. It is shown that the line shapes of
$S^{xx}(q,\omega)$ and $S^{yy}(q,\omega)$ are purely symmetric at the
zone-boundary. It is observed in $S^{yy}(q,\omega)$ for $\pi/2<q<\pi$ that the
spectral weight moves toward low energy side with the increase of $h_x$. This
model is applicable to study the spin dynamics of CsCoCl$_3$ in the presence of
weak interchain interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114202 </DOCNO>
Gravitation and Electromagnetism II


  We show how, a non commutative underpinning for spacetime throws up mass,
spin and charge and indicate how it is possible to include QCD effects also.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72354 </DOCNO>
NLO parton showers and subtractive techniques


  Motivated by asking how to combine parton showers with nonleading QCD matrix
elements, we discuss a subtractive technique based on gauge-invariant
Wilson-line operators and how this can be used to treat the soft region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41225 </DOCNO>
How robust is the result of the Standard Model Higgs boson search at


  An excess of signal-like events above the expected background, corresponding
to approximately three standard deviations, was observed in the search for the
Standard Model Higgs boson at LEP in 2000. This excess is consistent with the
existence of a Higgs boson with mass 115GeV/c2. Relevant consistency and
robustness checks, which further support the signal interpretation, are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124679 </DOCNO>
Nucleosynthesis of Zinc and Iron-Peak Elements in Pop III Type II


  We calculate nucleosynthesis in core-collapse explosions of massive Pop III
stars, and compare the results with abundances of metal-poor halo stars to
constrain the parameters of Pop III supernovae. We focus on iron-peak elements
and, in particular, we try to reproduce the large [Zn/Fe] observed in extremely
metal-poor stars. The interesting trends of the observed ratios [Zn, Co, Mn,
Cr, V/Fe] can be related to the variation of the relative mass of the complete
and incomplete Si-burning regions in supernova ejecta. We find that [Zn/Fe] is
larger for deeper mass-cuts, smaller neutron excess, and larger explosion
energies. The large [Zn/Fe] and [O/Fe] observed in the very metal-poor halo
stars suggest deep mixing of complete Si-burning material and a significant
amount of fall-back in Type II supernovae. Furthermore, large explosion
energies (E_51 >~ 2 for M ~ 13 Msun and E_51 >~ 20 for M >~ 20 Msun) are
required to reproduce [Zn/Fe] ~ 0.5. The observed trends of the abundance
ratios among the iron-peak elements are better explained with this high energy
(``Hypernova'') models rather than the simple ``deep'' mass-cut effect, because
the overabundance of Ni can be avoided in the hypernova models. We also present
the yields of pair-instability supernova explosions of M = 130 - 300 Msun
stars, and discuss that the abundance features of very metal-poor stars cannot
be explained by pair-instability supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6193 </DOCNO>
Multi-particle structures in non-sequentially reorganized hard sphere


  We have examined extended structures, bridges and arches, in computer
generated, non-sequentially stabilized, hard sphere deposits. The bridges and
arches have well defined distributions of sizes and shapes. The distribution
functions reflect the contraints associated with hard particle packing and the
details of the restructuring process. A subpopulation of string-like bridges
has been identified. Bridges are fundamental microstructural elements in real
granular systems and their sizes and shapes dominate considerations of
structural properties and flow instabilities such as jamming.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168971 </DOCNO>
Non Linear Compton Scattering of Strong Laser Radiation on Channeled


  A version for intense $\gamma $-ray radiation based on the multiphoton
scattering of strong laser radiation on relativistic particle beam channeled in
a crystal is proposed. The scheme is considered when the incident laser beam
and charged paricles beam are counter-propagating and the laser radiation is
resonant to the energy levels of transversal motion of channeled particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5258 </DOCNO>
ESR theory for interacting 1D quantum wires


  We compute the electron spin resonance (ESR) intensity for one-dimensional
quantum wires in semiconductor heterostructures, taking into account
electron-electron interactions and spin-orbit coupling. The ESR spectrum is
shown to be very sensitive to interactions. While in the absence of
interactions, the spectrum is a flat band, characteristic threshold
singularities appear in the interacting limit. This suggests the practical use
of ESR to reveal spin dynamics in a Luttinger liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124543 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Collimation in PNe


  Recent studies have focused on the the role of initially weak toroidal
magnetic fields embedded in a stellar wind as the agent for collimation in
planetary nebulae. In these models the wind is assumed to be permeated by a
helical magnetic field in which the poloidal component falls off faster than
the toroidal component. The collimation only occurs after the wind is shocked
at large distances from the stellar source. In this paper we re-examine
assumptions built into this ``Magnetized Wind Blown Bubble'' (MWBB) model. We
show that a self-consistent study of the model leads to a large parameter
regime where the wind is self-collimated before the shock wave is encountered.
We also explore the relation between winds in the MWBB model and those which
are produced via magneto-centrifugal processes. We conclude that a more
detailed examination of the role of self-collimation is needed in the context
of PNe studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41259 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Electron-quark Contact Interactions and Implications to


  We update the global constraint on four-fermion $ee q q$ contact
interactions. In this update, we included the published data of H1 and ZEUS for
the 94--96 run in the $e^+ p$ mode and the newly published data of H1 for the
1999 run in the $e^- p$ mode. Other major changes are the new LEPII data on
hadronic cross sections above 189 GeV, and the atomic parity violation
measurement on Cesium because of a new and improved atomic calculation, which
drives the data within $1\sigma$ of the standard model value. The global data
do not show any evidence for contact interactions, and we obtain 95% C.L.
limits on the compositeness scale. A limit of $\Lambda^{eu}_{LL+(-)} > 23 
(12.5)$ TeV is obtained. Implications to models of leptoquarks and extra Z
bosons are examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124204 </DOCNO>
A maximum-likelihood approach to removing radio sources from SZ


  We describe a maximum-likelihood technique for the removal of contaminating
radio sources from interferometric observations of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)
effect. This technique, based on a simultaneous fit for the radio sources and
extended SZ emission, is also compared to techniques previously applied to Ryle
Telescope observations and is found to be robust. The technique is then applied
to new observations of the cluster Abell 611, and a decrement of -540 +/- 125
microJy/beam is found. This is combined with a ROSAT HRI image and a published
ASCA temperature to give an Hubble constant estimate of 52+24-16 km/s/Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4753 </DOCNO>
Li Induced Spin and Charge Excitations in a Spin Ladder


  A lithium dopant in a cuprate spin ladder acts as a vacant (non-magnetic)
site accompanied by an extra hole bound by a Coulomb potential. We find that,
although the undoped ladder spin gap is not essentially altered by Li doping, a
dopant-magnon bound state appears within the gap. Contrary to the case of
Zn-doped ladders, we predict that, in the Li-doped ladder, the spin liquid
character is very robust against antiferromagnetism. We also predict the
spatial dependence of the density of states in the vicinity of the dopant which
could be measured by local spectroscopic probes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86175 </DOCNO>
Quantum strings and black holes


  The transition between (non supersymmetric) quantum string states and
Schwarzschild black holes is discussed. This transition occurs when the string
coupling $g^2$ (which determines Newton's constant) increases beyond a certain
critical value $g_c^2$. We review a calculation showing that self-gravity
causes a typical string state of mass $M$ to shrink, as the string coupling
$g^2$ increases, down to a compact string state whose mass, size, entropy and
luminosity match (for the critical value $g_c^2 \sim (M \sqrt{\alpha'})^{-1}$)
those of a Schwarzschild black hole. This confirms the idea (proposed by
several authors) that the entropy of black holes can be accounted for by
counting string states. The level spacing of the quantum states of
Schwarzschild black holes is expected to be exponentially smaller than their
radiative width. This makes it very difficult to conceive (even Gedanken)
experiments probing the discreteness of the quantum energy levels of black
holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114485 </DOCNO>
Excitation of Resonators by Electron Beams


  Elements of a vector theory of open resonators and experiments on excitation
of a fundamental mode with transverse and longitudinal polarization in such
resonators are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75224 </DOCNO>
Not Even Decoupling Can Save Minimal Supersymmetric SU(5)


  We make explicit the statement that Minimal Supersymmetric SU(5) has been
excluded by the Super-Kamiokande search for the process $p \to K^{+}
\overline{\nu}$. This exclusion is made by first placing limits on the colored
Higgs triplet mass, by forcing the gauge couplings to unify. We also show that
taking the superpartners of the first two generations to be very heavy in order
to avoid flavor changing neutral currents, the so-called ``decoupling'' idea,
is insufficient to resurrect the Minimal SUSY SU(5). We comment on various
mechanisms to further suppress proton decay in SUSY SU(5). Finally, we address
the contributions to proton decay from gauge boson exchange in the Minimal SUSY
SU(5) and flipped SU(5) models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3712 </DOCNO>
Control of the colossal magnetoresistance by strain effect in


  Thin films of Nd$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ manganites with colossal
magnetoresistance (CMR) properties have been synthesized by the Pulsed Laser
Deposition technique on (100)-SrTiO$_{3}$. The lattice parameters of these
manganites and correlatively their CMR properties can be controlled by the
substrate temperature $T_{S}$. The maximum CMR effect at 75K, calculated as the
ratio $\rho (H=0T)/\rho (H=7T)$ is 10$^4$ for a deposition temperature of
$T_{S}=680$ degC. Structural studies show that the
Nd$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ film is single phase, [010]-oriented and has a
pseudocubic symmetry of the perovskite subcell with a=3.77$\AA$ at room
temperature. We suggest that correlation between lattice parameters, CMR and
substrate temperature $T_{S}$ result mainly from substrate-induced strains
which can weaken the charge-ordered state at low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98713 </DOCNO>
Complex crowns of Riemannian symmetric spaces and non-compactly causal


  In this paper we define a distinguished boundary for the complex crowns
$\Xi\subeq G_\C /K_\C$ of non-compact Riemannian symmetric spaces $G/K$. The
basic result is that affine symmetric spaces of $G$ can appear as a component
of this boundary if and only if they are non-compactly causal symmetric spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124249 </DOCNO>
On calculation of microlensing light curve by gravitational lens caustic


  For an analysis of microlensing observational data in case of binary
gravitational lenses as well as for an interpretation of observations of high
magnification events in multiple images of a lensed quasar it is necessary to
calculate for a given source the microlensing light curve by a fold caustic.
This problem comes to the numerical calculation of a singular integral. We
formulated the sufficient condition of a convergence of the integral sum for
this singular integral. The strictly approach to the problem of a comparison of
model results with the unequally sampled observational data consists in
calculation of the model light curve in equidistant points of the canonical
dissection of the integration segment and a following interpolation of its
values at the moments of observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148524 </DOCNO>
A Note on Embedding of M-Theory Corrections into Eleven-Dimensional


  By analyzing eleven-dimensional superspace fourth-rank superfield strength
F-Bianchi identities, we show that M-theory corrections to eleven-dimensional
supergravity can not be embedded into the mass dimension zero constraints, such
as the (\g^{a b})_{\a\b} X_{a b}{}^c or i (\g^{a_1... a_5})_{\a\b} X_{a_1...
a_5}{}^c -terms in the supertorsion constraint T_{\a\b}{}^c. The only possible
modification of superspace constraint at dimension zero is found to be the
scaling of F_{\a\b c d} like F_{\a\b c d} = (1/2) \big(\g_{c d}\big)_{\a\b}
e^\Phi for some real scalar superfield \Phi, which alone is further shown not
enough to embed general M-theory corrections. This conclusion is based on the
dimension zero F-Bianchi identity under the two assumptions: (i) There are no
negative dimensional constraints on the F-superfield strength: F_{\a\b\g\d} =
F_{\a\b\g d} =0; (ii) The supertorsion T-Bianchi identities and F-Bianchi
identities are not modified by Chern-Simons terms. Our result can serve as a
powerful tool for future exploration of M-theory corrections embedded into
eleven-dimensional superspace supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149131 </DOCNO>
Quantum Determinism for Free Vector Bosons in 3 Dimensions


  We apply 't Hooft's deterministic quantum mechanics approach to free vector
bosons in three dimensions and check Lorentz invariance. This approach does not
work for the conformal group, for free bosons in two dimensions. This presents
a technical difficulty for constructing a ``deterministic string theory''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72508 </DOCNO>
Glueball States in a Constituent Gluon Model


  In a model with dynamical gluon mass, we investigate the bound states of two
and three gluons via a Schr\"odinger equation. The short distance potential is
approximated by one-gluon-exchange while the long distance part is assumed to
be of a breakable string. We estimate the masses and in particular the {\it
sizes} of low-lying bound states with no orbital angular momentum. By
considering quantum-mechanical smearing of the gluon fields and normalizing to
lattice results on $M_{0^{++}}$ and $M_{2^{++}}$, we find that the $0^{++}$
glueball is rather small in size compared with the others. The fitted gluon
mass is of order 600 to 700 MeV, which is reasonable. The 3-gluon glueballs
$0^{-+}$, $1^{--}$ and $3^{--}$ states are nearly degenerate, and their mass
ratio with $2^{++}$ is largely independent of all parameters and consistent
with lattice calculations. We estimate the mass of $1^{--}$ glueball to be
$3.1-3.7$ GeV, which is close to the mass of $J/\psi$ and $\psi^\prime$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126366 </DOCNO>
A variable star survey of the open cluster M37


  A CCD photometric study of the dense galactic open cluster M37 is presented
and discussed. The majority of the analysed data are time-series measurements
obtained through an R_C filter. The observations were carried out on seven
nights between December 1999 and February 2000, and have led to the discovery
of 7 new variable stars in the field. Three of them have been unambiguously
identified as W UMa-type eclipsing binaries, while two more are monoperiodic
pulsating stars, most probably high-amplitude delta Scuti-type variables. The
remaining two stars seem to be long-period eclipsing binaries without firm
period determination. Johnson B and V frames have been used to construct a new
colour-magnitude (CM) diagram of the cluster, and to find the locations of the
new variable stars. The pulsating variables are most likely background objects.
The CM diagram is fitted with recent isochrones yielding the main parameters of
the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128659 </DOCNO>
Early-type Galaxy Distances from the Fundamental Plane and Surface


  We compare two methods for deriving distances to early-type galaxies:
fundamental plane (FP) and surface brightness fluctuations (SBF) distances for
170 galaxies. A third set of distances is provided by predictions derived from
the density field of the IRAS redshift survey. Overall there is good agreement.
However, several nearby, low-luminosity, mainly S0 galaxies have systematically
low FP distances; we conclude that this is at least partly due to recent star
formation and consequently low mass-to-light ratios. The tie between the
Cepheid-calibrated SBF distances (Mpc) and the far-field calibrated FP
distances (km/s) yields a Hubble constant H_0 = 68 +/- 3 km/s/Mpc, while the
comparison between SBF and the IRAS-reconstructed distances yields H_0 = 74 +/-
2 (internal errorbars). Possible explanations for the marginal inconsistency
include systematic errors in the redshift survey completeness estimates or in
the FP aperture corrections, but at this point, the best estimate of H_0 from
early-type galaxies may be a simple average of the above two estimates. After
revising the SBF distances to be in agreement with the final set of Key Project
Cepheid distances, we conclude H_0 = 73 +/- 4 +/- 11, where the second errorbar
represents the total systematic uncertainty in the distance zero point. We also
discuss the recently introduced "fluctuation star count" parameter Nbar as a
less demanding alternative to (V-I) for calibrating SBF distances. The
Nbar-calibrated SBF method is akin to a hybrid SBF-FP distance indicator, and
we find that the use of Nbar actually improves the SBF distances. Further study
of Nbar would provide useful constraints for elliptical galaxy formation
models. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148465 </DOCNO>
BRST construction of D-branes in SU(2) WZW model


  BRST construction of $D$-branes in SU(2) WZW model is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4478 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein transition in a dilute interacting gas


  We study the effects of repulsive interactions on the critical density for
the Bose-Einstein transition in a homogeneous dilute gas of bosons. First, we
point out that the simple mean field approximation produces no change in the
critical density, or critical temperature, and discuss the inadequacies of
various contradictory results in the literature. Then, both within the
frameworks of Ursell operators and of Green's functions, we derive
self-consistent equations that include the dynamic correlations in the system
and predict the change of the critical density. We argue that the dominant
contribution to this change can be obtained within classical field theory and
show that the lowest order correction introduced by interactions is linear in
the scattering length, $a$, with a positive coefficient. Finally, we calculate
this coefficient within various approximations, and compare with various recent
numerical estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126847 </DOCNO>
The shapes of DM dominated dSph stellar density profiles: evidence for


  A Bayesian likelihood analysis of the stellar density profile shapes of
several dark matter dominated Galactic dSphs has been completed. This analysis
indicates that the inner power law, \rho \propto r^{-\gamma}, of each of these
profiles satisfies \gamma < 1.21 at greater than 99% confidence with a slight
preference for \gamma \sim 0.7 . Interpreting this bound as a limit on the
inner power law of the underlying DM distribution results in statistical
disagreement with the values favoured by recent N-body simulations of CDM,
\gamma_{CDM} \sim 1.4-1.5 .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74346 </DOCNO>
Stronger Neutrino Interactions at Extremely High Energies and the Muon


  A specific model of parity-conserving lepton substructure is considered. We
show that a positive-definite contribution to the muon $(g-2)/2$ at the
possible level of about $4\times 10^{-9}$, can be related to a significant
increase in the interaction cross section for cosmic-ray neutrinos with
energies above about $10^{19}$ eV. The additional cross section at $\sim
10^{20}$ eV is calculated to be $\sim 10^{-29}$ cm$^2$, which is about 100
times the standard weak-interaction cross section. The model involves an
extremely massive, neutral lepton, with $m_L\cong 2\times 10^6$ GeV fixed by
the new contribution to $(g-2)/2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126837 </DOCNO>
Recovering true metal abundances of the ICM


  Recovering the true average abundance of the intracluster medium (ICM) is
crucial for estimates of its global metal content, which in turn is linked to
its past evolution and to the star formation history of the stellar component
of the cluster. We analyze here how the presence of abundance gradients affects
commonly adopted estimates of the average abundance, assuming various plausible
ICM density and temperature profiles. We find that, adopting the observed
abundance gradients, the true average mass weighted abundance is less than
(although not largely deviating from) the commonly used emission weighted
abundance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5440 </DOCNO>
Spin-based optical quantum gates via Pauli blocking in semiconductor


  We present a solid-state implementation of ultrafast conditional quantum
gates. Our proposal for a quantum-computing device is based on the spin degrees
of freedom of electrons confined in semiconductor quantum dots, thus benefiting
from relatively long decoherence times. More specifically, combining Pauli
blocking effects with properly tailored ultrafast laser pulses, we are able to
obtain sub-picosecond spin-dependent switching of the Coulomb interaction,
which is the essence of our conditional phase-gate proposal. This allows us to
realize {\it a fast two qubit gate which does not translate into fast
decoherence times} and paves the road for an all-optical spin-based quantum
computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168375 </DOCNO>
Optimally Conclusive Discrimination of Non-orthogonal Entangled States


  We consider one copy of a quantum system prepared with equal prior
probability in one of two non-orthogonal entangled states of multipartite
distributed among separated parties. We demonstrate that these two states can
be optimally distinguished in the sense of conclusive discrimination by local
operations and classical communications(LOCC) alone. And this proves strictly
the conjecture that Virmani et.al. [8] confirmed numerically and analytically.
Generally, the optimal protocol requires local POVM operations which are
explicitly constructed. The result manifests that the distinguishable
information is obtained only and completely at the last operation and all prior
ones give no information about that state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126668 </DOCNO>
On the Column Density of AGN Outflows: the Case of NGC 5548


  We re-analyze the HST high resolution spectroscopic data of the intrinsic
absorber in NGC 5548 and find that the C IV absorption column density is at
least four times larger than previously determined. This increase arises from
accounting for the kinematical nature of the absorber and from our conclusion
that the outflow does not cover the narrow emission line region in this object.
The improved column density determination begins to bridge the gap between the
high column densities measured in the X-ray and the low ones previously
inferred from the UV lines. Combined with our findings for outflows in high
luminosity quasars these results suggest that traditional techniques for
measuring column densities: equivalent width, curve-of-growth and Gaussian
modeling, are of limited value when applied to absorption associated with AGN
outflows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114403 </DOCNO>
A Discrete Four Stroke Quantum Heat Engine Exploring the Origin of


  The optimal power performance of a first principle quantum heat engine model
shows friction-like phenomena when the internal fluid Hamiltonian does not
commute with the external control field. The model is based on interacting
two-level-systems where the external magnetic field serves as a control
variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114184 </DOCNO>
Newton On Absolute Space: A Commentary


  Newton seems to have stated a quantitative relationship between the position
of a body in relative space and the position of the body in absolute space in
the first scholium of his Principia. We show that if this suspected
relationship is assumed to hold, it will dispel many errors and
misrepresentations that have plagued Newton's ideas on absolute space since
their inauguration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3597 </DOCNO>
Effect of Al doping on the optical phonon spectrum in Mg(1-x)Al(x)B(2)


  Raman and infrared absorption spectra of Mg(1-x)Al(x)B(2) have been collected
for 0<x<0.5 in the spectral range of optical phonons. The x-dependence of the
peak frequency, the width and the intensity of the observed Raman lines has
been carefully analized. A peculiar x-dependence of the optical modes is
pointed out for two different Al doping ranges. In particular the onset of the
high-doping structural phase previously observed in diffraction measurements is
marked by the appearence of new spectral components at high frequencies. A
connection between the whole of our results and the observed suppression of
superconductivity in the high doping region is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76911 </DOCNO>
Production of intermediate-mass dileptons in relativistic heavy ion


  The production of intermediate mass dileptons in ultrarelativistic nuclear
collisions at SPS energies is studied. The acceptance and detector resolution
inherent to measurements by the NA50 experimental collaboration are accurately
modeled. The measured centrality dependence of the intermediate mass lepton
pair excess is also addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97921 </DOCNO>
On the resonances of the Laplacian on waveguides


  The resonances for the Dirichlet and Neumann Laplacian are studied on
compactly perturbed waveguides. An upper bound on the number of resonances near
the physical plane is proven. In the absence of resonances, an upper bound is
proven for the localised resolvent. This is then used to prove that the
existence of a quasimode whose asymptotics is bounded away from the thresholds
implies the existence of resonances converging to the real axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2062 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Thermomagnetic Waves in Type II Superconductors


  This work is devoted to analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of interrelated
thermal and electromagnetic perturbations in a superconductor caused by
dissipative effects involved in the viscous motion of the magnetic flux. The
structure and evolution of the stationary thermomagnetic waves propagating in
the superconductor is studied based on a system of nonlinear equations
describing dynamics of the instability development in the system studied. The
apperance of these structures is qualititively described and the wave
propagation velocity is estimated. The affect a thermoactivated flux creep to
the structures of the nonlinear thermomagnetic wave propagation is studied. It
is shown that taking into account a nonlinear dependency of the current density
$j$ on the electric field strength $E$ would not qualitatively change the main
results, since the character of the equilibrium state on the phase plane
remains esentially the same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81042 </DOCNO>
Dirac-Connes Operator on Discrete Abelian Groups and Lattices


  A kind of Dirac-Connes operator defined in the framework of Connes' NCG is
introduced on discrete abelian groups; it satisfies a Junk-free condition, and
bridges the NCG composed by Dimakis, M\"{u}ller-Hoissen and Sitarz and the NCG
of Connes. Then we apply this operator to d-dimensional lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72578 </DOCNO>
Photon-3-Pion And Pion-2-Photon Form Factors From Dynamical Constituent


  We study the form factors of the low energy anomalous pion-2-photon and
photon-3-pion processes in the nonlocal chiral quark model which incorporates
the momentum dependence of the dynamical quark mass and realizes correctly the
chiral symmetries. The obtained slope parameter for pion-2-photon is in
reasonable agreement with the direct experimental results but smaller than the
ones invoking vector meson dominance. Our result for the photon-3-pion form
factor interpolates between the two extremes of theoretical approaches, with
the largest one provided by the vector meson dominance and the smallest one by
the Schwinger-Dyson approach. But all of them are well below the single data
point available so far. This situation will hopefully be clarified by the
experiments at CEBAF and CERN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128393 </DOCNO>
On the Cross-Correlation between Dark Matter Distribution and Secondary


  We investigate a cross-correlation between the weak gravitational lensing
field of the large-scale structure, $\kappa$, and the secondary temperature
fluctuation field, $\Delta$, of cosmic microwave background (CMB) induced by
Thomson scattering of CMB photons off the ionized medium in the mildly
nonlinear structure. The cross-correlation is expected to observationally
unveil the biasing relation between the dark matter and ionized medium
distributions in the large-scale structure. We develop a formalism for
calculating the cross-correlation function and its angular power spectrum based
on the small angle approximation. As a result, we find that leading
contribution to the cross-correlation comes from the secondary CMB fluctuation
field induced by the quadratic Doppler effects of the bulk velocity field $v$
of ionized medium. The magnitude of the cross-correlation can be estimated as
$\kaco{\kappa\Delta}\sim 10^{-10}$ on small angular scales ($l\simgt 1000$)
under the currently favored cold CDM model of the structure formation and the
simplest scenario of homogeneous reionization after a given redshift of $z_{\rm
ion}\simgt 5$. Interestingly, we find that the density-modulated quadratic
Doppler effect of $O(\delta_e v^2)$ produces the cross-correlation with the
weak lensing field that has {\em linear} dependence on the electron density
fluctuation field $\delta_e$ or equivalently on the biasing relation between
the dark matter and electron distributions. In other words, the angular power
spectrum could be both positive or negative, depending on the positive biasing
or antibiasing, respectively. Detection of the cross-correlation thus offers a
new opportunity to observationally understand the reionization history of
intergalactic medium connected to the dark matter clustering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113615 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal reflection by photonic barriers


  The time behaviour of microwaves undergoing partial reflection by photonic
barriers was measured in the time and in the frequency domain. It was observed
that unlike the duration of partial reflection by dielectric layers, the
measured reflection duration of barriers is independent of their length. The
experimental results point to a nonlocal behaviour of evanescent modes at least
over a distance of some ten wavelengths. Evanescent modes correspond to
photonic tunnelling in quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96127 </DOCNO>
Using symmetry to count rational curves


  An analogy is drawn between recent work with Kley (math.AG/0007082) and the
WDVV equations. That is, both are regarded as symmetries of generating
functions with coefficients that "count" rational curves on a complex
projective manifold. It is shown how to obtain the string, dilaton and divisor
equations from the new symmetries, as well as an analogue of the
Kontsevich-Manin reconstruction theorem, expressing arbitrary genus zero
Gromov-Witten invariants in terms of "mirror data". As was also pointed out in
the work with Kley, this allows one, for the first time, to compute quantum
cohomology from mirror data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73971 </DOCNO>
Can the quintessence be a complex scalar field?


  In light of the recent observations of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) suggesting
an accelerating expansion of the Universe, we wish in this paper to point out
the possibility of using a complex scalar field as the quintessence to account
for the acceleration. In particular, we extend the idea of Huterer and Turner
in deriving the reconstruction equations for the complex quintessence, showing
the feasibility of making use of a complex scalar field (instead of a real
scalar field) while maintaining the uniqueness feature of the reconstruction.
We discuss very briefly how future observations may help to distinguish the
different quintessence scenarios, including the scenario with a positive
cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74928 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts: Super-Explosions in the Universe and Related


  The recent progress in studies of gamma-ray bursts, their afterglows, and
host galaxies is discussed. The emphasis is given to high-energy phenomena
associated with gamma-ray burst explosions: high-energy cosmic rays, neutrinos,
gravitational waves. We also show how the relativistic fireball model for GRBs
can be used to constrain modern theories of large and infinite
extra-dimensions. In particular, in the frame of 5D gravity with the Standard
Model localized on 3D brane (Dvali et al. 2000), the very existence of
relativistic fireballs of $\sim 10^{53}$ ergs puts the lower bound on the
quantum gravity scale $\sim 0.1$ eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75774 </DOCNO>
A note on two-loop effects in the DMSSM


  We investigate the proposed ``D-brane alternative'' to the MSSM model (DMSSM)
which is a type II B string orientifold model with N=1 supersymmetry, three
generations and a $SU(3)\times SU(2)_R\times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge
group. An accurate analysis at two-loop level is performed to show that
unification constraints predict a ``left-right'' symmetry breaking scale in the
TeV region. The exact value of this scale is the result of the competing
effects of the two loop terms against the low energy supersymmetric threshold
effects. The model accommodates logarithmic unification of the gauge couplings
at an intermediate scale of $10^{12}$ GeV and the necessary conditions to
achieve this are addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85720 </DOCNO>
The mass quantum and black hole entropy II


  In gr-qc/9908036 [Phys. Lett. A 265 (2000) 1] a new method was given which
naturally led to a quantum of mass equal to twice the Planck mass. In the
present note which, for convenience, we write formally as a continuation of
that paper, we show that with spin one of the mass quantum, the physical
entropy of a rotating black hole is also given by the Bekenstein-Hawking
formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148619 </DOCNO>
Linear sigma model toolshed for D-brane physics


  Building on earlier work, we construct linear sigma models for strings on
curved spaces in the presence of branes. Our models include an extremely
general class of brane-worldvolume gauge field configurations. We explain in an
accessible manner the mathematical ideas which suggest appropriate worldsheet
interactions for generating a given open string background. This construction
provides an explanation for the appearance of the derived category in D-brane
physics complementary to that of recent work of Douglas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3817 </DOCNO>
Quenches and crunchs: Does the system explore in aging the same part of


  Numerical studies are providing novel information on the physical processes
associated to physical aging. The process of aging has been shown to consist in
a slow process of explorations of deeper and deeper minima of the system
potential energy surface. In this article we compare the properties of the
basins explored in equilibrium with those explored during the aging process
both for sudden temperature changes and for sudden density changes. We find
that the hypothesis that during the aging process the system explores the part
of the configuration space explored in equilibrium holds only for shallow
quenches or for the early aging dynamics. At longer times, systematic
deviations are observed. In the case of crunches, such deviations are much more
apparent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3907 </DOCNO>
Time-dependent energy absorption changes during ultrafast lattice


  The ultrafast time-dependence of the energy absorption of covalent solids
upon excitation with femtosecond laser pulses is theoretically analyzed. We use
a microscopic theory to describe laser induced structural changes and their
influence on the electronic properties. We show that from the time evolution of
the energy absorbed by the system important information on the electronic and
atomic structure during ultrafast phase transitions can be gained. Our results
reflect how structural changes affect the capability of the system to absorb
external energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98114 </DOCNO>
Counting 1-vertex Triangulations Of Oriented Surfaces


  A {\em $1-$vertex triangulation} of an oriented compact surface $S$ of genus
$g$ is an embedded graph $T\subset S$ with a unique vertex such that all
connected components of $S\setminus T$ are triangles (adjacent to exactly 3
edges of $T$).
  This paper gives formulas enumerating such triangulations (up to equivalence)
on an oriented surface of given genus.
  {\em Une triangulation \`a un sommet} d'une surface orient\'ee compacte $S$
de genre $g$ est un graphe $T\subset S$ qui a un unique sommet et dont toutes
les faces (composantes connexes de $S\setminus T$) sont des triangles
(incidentes \`a trois ar\^etes de $T$).
  Cet article donne des formules permettant d'\'enum\'erer ces triangulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 55 </DOCNO>
Self-organization in a phonon laser


  We make an adaptation of laser modelling equations to describe the behavior
of a phonon laser (saser). Our saser consists of an AlGaAs/GaAs double barrier
heterostructure designed to generate an intense beam of transversal acoustic
(TA) phonons. To study our system, we begin with a Hamiltonian that describes
the decay of primary longitudinal optical phonons (LO_1) into secondary (LO_2)
and TA (LO_1 -> LO_2 + TA) and its inverse process (recombination). Using this
Hamiltonian, a set of coupled equations of motion for the phonons is obtained.
We also consider the interaction between the phonons and its reservoirs. These
interactions are introduced in the equations of motion leading to a set of
coupled Langevin equations. In order to obtain an expression to describe our
saser we apply, in the Langevin equations, an adiabatic elimination of some
variables of the subsystem. Following the method above we obtain the value of
the injection threshold for the operation of our phonon laser. At this
threshold occurs a phase transition from a disordered to a coherent state. It
is shown that it is not necessary a big "optical" pumping to get a sasing
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40891 </DOCNO>
A study of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B0 --> J/psi K0S


  BABAR has studied the time dependent asymmetries in the the decays B0 ->
J/psi K0S and B0 -> psi(2S) K0S in a data set of 9.0 fb^-1 taken at the
Y(4S)resonance. In these channels we reconstruct 168 events of which 120 are
flavor tagged and used in a likelihood fit where we determine sin2beta. The
flavor of the other neutral $B$ mesons is tagged using information primarily
from identified leptons and Kaons. A neural network is used to recover events
without any clear Kaon or lepton signature. A preliminary result of
sin2beta=0.12+/-0.37+/-0.09 is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7078 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic characteristics and effective gauge theory of


  The electromagnetic characteristics of double-layer quantum Hall systems are
studied, with projection to the lowest Landau level taken into account and
intra-Landau-level collective excitations treated in the single-mode
approximation. It is pointed out that dipole-active excitations, both
elementary and collective, govern the long-wavelength features of quantum Hall
systems. In particular, the presence of the dipole-active interlayer
out-of-phase collective excitations, inherent to double-layer systems, modifies
the leading O(k) and O(k^{2}) long-wavelength characteristics (i.e., the
transport properties and characteristic scale) of the double-layer quantum Hall
states substantially. We apply bosonization techniques and construct from such
electromagnetic characteristics an effective theory, which consists of three
vector fields representing the three dipole-active modes, one interlayer
collective mode and two inter-Landau-level cyclotron modes. This effective
theory properly incorporates the spectrum of collective excitations on the
right scale of the Coulomb energy and, in addition, accommodates the favorable
transport properties of the standard Chern-Simons theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125597 </DOCNO>
Compton cooling in the afterglow of gamma-ray bursts: Application to GRB


  The role of Compton cooling in the standard model for the afterglows of
gamma-ray bursts is considered. When electrons cool by scattering off their own
synchrotron photons, three cooling regimes are identified in which the observed
synchrotron radiation exhibits qualitatively different characteristics.
Depending on the values of the source parameters, an afterglow may evolve
through one, two or all three of these regimes. Since synchrotron radiation can
be regarded as Compton scattering of the virtual photons due to the magnetic
field, in one of these regimes the instantaneous synchrotron spectrum has
properties identical to those when Compton cooling is negligible. During this
phase in the evolution, the synchrotron radiation falls mainly in the near
infrared/optical/UV spectral range. It is argued that the observed afterglows
of GRB 980923 and GRB 971214 are outside this degenerate phase. The derived
values of the source parameters show Compton cooling to have been important in
both of these afterglows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125327 </DOCNO>
A Flaring Megamaser in Mrk 348


  We report new observations of the H2O megamaser in the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk
348. Following our initial detection in 2000 March using the Effelsberg 100 m
telescope, re-analysis of previous data on this source indicates that the maser
was present but only marginally detectable in late 1997. Monitoring through
late 2000 shows that the maser has again decreased to its original level. The
H2O line is redshifted by ~130 km/s with respect to the systemic velocity, is
extremely broad, with a FWHM of 130 km/s, and has no detectable high velocity
components within 1500 km/s on either side of the strong line. Followup VLBA
observations show that the maser emission emanates entirely from a region >0.25
pc in extent, toward the base of the radio jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73029 </DOCNO>
CP Asymmetry of $B\to X_sl^+l^-$ in Low Invariant Mass Region


  I analyzed the CP asymmetry of $B\to X_sl^+l^-$ based on model-independent
analysis which includes twelve independent four Fermi operators. The CP
asymmetry is suppressed in the Standard Model, however, if some new physics
make it much larger, the present or the next generation B factories may catch
the CP violation in this decay mode. In this paper, we studied the correlation
of the asymmetry and the branching ratio, and then we will find only a type of
interactions can be enlarge the asymmetry. Therefore, in comparison with
experiments, we have possibility that we can constrain models beyond the
standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40937 </DOCNO>
Experimental Studies of Power Corrections


  We present recent results from experimental studies of power corrections in
the model of Dokshitzer, Marchesini and Webber using data from the process e+e-
-> hadrons at several centre-of-mass energies. Fitted O(alpha_S^2)+NLLA QCD
predictions combined with power corrections to model hadronisation effects
successfully describe differential distributions and mean values of event shape
observables. The fit results for the strong coupling constant and the free
parameter of the power correction calculations from the various observables are
consistent with each other within the uncertainties. The same fits are further
employed to study the gauge structure of QCD by additionally varying the QCD
colour factors in the fits. The results are consistent with QCD based on the
SU(3) symmetry group. A new measurement of the transverse cross section is
shown using reanalysed data of the former JADE experiment at DESY and its
implications for power correction are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81302 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative parton mass for the gluon


  A gauge invariant, non-local observable is constructed in pure gauge theory,
which is identical to the gluon propagator in a particular gauge, permitting to
define a non-perturbative parton mass for the gluon. This mass can be shown to
be related to the 1P-1S mass splitting of heavy quarkonia. Preliminary
numerical results for 3d SU(2) yield m_A=0.37(6)g^2, while from the \bar{b}b
spectrum one infers m_A\approx 420 MeV for QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1880 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Description of Brownian Motion and the RC Circuit


  An equation for the reduced density matrix which describes a free particle,
that is interacting with a linearly dissipative medium, is derived using the
total Hamiltonian, and without resorting to any artificial model.
  A Master equation is also obtained for the dissipative medium. The theory
erases the notion of the reservoir. It is shown that the dynamical interaction
with the medium is not completely determined by the friction constant (or the
corresponding fluctuation-dissipation relation). Unexpectedly, through the
density-density correlation, the longitudinal dielectric function is shown to
play a critical role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1156 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of the Quasicontinuum Method


  The aim of this paper is to present a streamlined and fully three-dimensional
version of the quasicontinuum (QC) theory of Tadmor et al. and to analyze its
accuracy and convergence characteristics. Specifically, we assess the effect of
the summation rules on accuracy; we determine the rate of convergence of the
method in the presence of strong singularities, such as point loads; and we
assess the effect of the refinement tolerance, which controls the rate at which
new nodes are inserted in the model, on the development of dislocation
microstructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99034 </DOCNO>
Bandgap Extremization: Some Exact Results


  We present here a variational method for maximizing the bandgap in a
one-dimensional system where the potential is subject to given constraints. Two
specific examples are studied in detail. In the first, we show that if the
potential is constrained to lie between two values, the largest bandgap is
obtained by a mixture of the highest and lowest potential - an exact result
valid in any dimension. The second example fixes the first and second moments
of the potential and seeks to extremize the bandgap. An exact result is
obtained. Finally, we indicate how our techniques may be applied to photonic
bandgaps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168182 </DOCNO>
Classification of mixed three-qubit states


  We introduce a classification of mixed three-qubit states, in which we define
the classes of separable, biseparable, W- and GHZ-states. These classes are
successively embedded into each other. We show that contrary to pure W-type
states, the mixed W-class is not of measure zero. We construct witness
operators that detect the class of a mixed state. We discuss the conjecture
that all entangled states with positive partial transpose (PPTES) belong to the
W-class. Finally, we present a new family of PPTES "edge" states with maximal
ranks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73994 </DOCNO>
A comprehensive picture of topological excitations in finite temperature


  We study spectra, localization properties and local chirality of eigenvectors
of the lattice Dirac operator. We analyze ensembles of quenched SU(3)
configurations on both sides of the QCD phase transition. Our Dirac operator is
a systematic expansion in path length of a solution of the Ginsparg-Wilson
equation. Analyzing the finite volume behavior of our observables and their
scaling with the gauge coupling we come up with a consistent picture of
topological excitations on both sides of the QCD phase transition. Our results
support the interpretation of the dominant gauge field excitations seen by the
Dirac operator as a fluid of instanton-like objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87293 </DOCNO>
Singular spacetime and quantum probe


  We examine the dependence of quantization on global properties of a classical
system. Quantization based on local properties may lead to ambiguities and
inconsistency between local and global symmetries of a quantum system. Our
quantization method based on global characteristics has sound foundation.
Presented results give insight into the nature of removable type singularity of
spacetime at the quantum level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85840 </DOCNO>
Gauge-ready formulation of the cosmological kinetic theory in


  We present cosmological perturbations of kinetic components based on
relativistic Boltzmann equations in the context of generalized gravity
theories. Our general theory considers an arbitrary number of scalar fields
generally coupled with the gravity, an arbitrary number of mutually interacting
hydrodynamic fluids, and components described by the relativistic Boltzmann
equations like massive/massless collisionless particles and the photon with the
accompanying polarizations. We also include direct interactions among fluids
and fields. The background FLRW model includes the general spatial curvature
and the cosmological constant. We consider three different types of
perturbations, and all the scalar-type perturbation equations are arranged in a
gauge-ready form so that one can implement easily the convenient gauge
conditions depending on the situation. In the numerical calculation of the
Boltzmann equations we have implemented four different gauge conditions in a
gauge-ready manner where two of them are new. By comparing solutions solved
separately in different gauge conditions we can naturally check the numerical
accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81146 </DOCNO>
Tuning the Tadpole Improved Clover Wilson Action on Coarse Anisotropic


  Wilson quark action, with tadpole improved clover term added, is studied on
coarse anisotropic lattices. The bare velocity of light parameter in this
action is determined non-perturbatively using the pseudo-scalar and vector
meson dispersion relations for various values of the gauge coupling $\beta$ and
bare quark mass parameter $\kappa$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41358 </DOCNO>
Investigation of B --> D^{(*)}anti-D^{(*)}K decays with the BABAR


  Using about 23M $B \overline B$ events collected in 1999-2000 with the BABAR
detector, we report the observation of several hundred $B \to D^{(*)}\overline
D^{(*)}K$ decays with two completely reconstructed D mesons. The preliminary
branching fractions of the low background decay modes $B^0\to
D^{*-}D^{(*)0}K^+$ are determined to be ${\cal B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}D^{0}K^+) =
(2.8 \pm 0.7 \pm 0.5)\times 10^{-3}$ and ${\cal B}(B^0 \to D^{*-}D^{*0}K^+) =
(6.8 \pm 1.7 \pm 1.7)\times 10^{-3}$. Observation of a significant number of
candidates in the color-suppressed decay mode $B^+\to D^{*+}D^{*-}K^+$ is
reported with a preliminary branching fraction ${\cal B}(B^+\to
D^{*+}D^{*-}K^+)= (3.4\pm 1.6\pm 0.9)\times 10^{-3}.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128476 </DOCNO>
The highest energy particles in the universe: the mystery and its


  The universe should be dark at energies exceeding $\sim 5\times 10^{19}$ eV.
This simple but solid prediction of our best known particle physics is not
confirmed by observations, that seem to suggest a quite different picture.
Numerous events have in fact been detected in this energy region, with spectra
and anisotropy features that defy many conventional and unconventional
explanations. Is there a problem with known physics or is this a result of
astrophysical uncertainties? Here we try to answer these questions, in the
light of present observations, while discussing which information future
observations may provide on this puzzling issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168850 </DOCNO>
A Quantum solution to the Byzantine agreement problem


  We present a solution to an old and timely problem in distributed computing.
Like Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), quantum channels make it possible to
achieve taks classically impossible. However, unlike QKD, here the goal is not
secrecy but agreement, and the adversary is not outside but inside the game,
and the resources require qutrits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126258 </DOCNO>
NGC 3310, a galaxy merger?


  The HI structure and kinematics of the peculiar starburst galaxy NGC 3310
(Arp 217, UGC 5786) are discussed. New evidence bearing on the origin of the
starburst is presented. The bulk of HI coincides with the bright optical disk
and shows differential rotation. Its velocity dispersion is, however, unusually
large for a spiral galaxy (up to 40 km/s), suggesting that the disk is highly
perturbed as already indicated by optical emission line spectroscopy. There
are, in addition, two prominent HI tails, one extending to the north-west and
the other, somewhat patchy, to the south. These HI tails, the perturbed
kinematics and the peculiar optical morphology strongly suggest a recent merger
between two gas-rich galaxies. This seems to have been a major merger in which
most of the gas in the inner parts has been preserved in neutral atomic form
and either one of the progenitor disks has survived or a new disk has formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41751 </DOCNO>
Experience of Using Multimonitor Workstations Under XFree86 4.x in


  Modern PC workstations often provide more CPU power than required for most
control applications. On the other hand, the screen space is always in short
supply. One possible solution is to use more PCs, but in fact we need only more
screens, not more keyboards, mice etc. PC architecture allows using more than
one videocard, and X Window protocol is also aware that there can be more than
one screen. But until release of XFree86 version 4 there was no freely
available server capable of driving multiple ``heads''. We have been using
multiheaded workstations under XFree86 in the VEPP-5 control room since early
2000 (currently 4 4-headed PCs plus several dual-headed). The ``Xinerama'' mode
(one-large-screen) is better suited for accelerator control system than
``several separate screens''. When moving to this configuration we've
encountered a number of, mainly human-related, problems, some of which required
modifications to X server Additionaly, the ``style'' of performing control has
slightly changed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127610 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the Luminous IR Galaxy NGC3256


  We present a detailed analysis of high-resolution Chandra observations of the
merger system NGC3256, the most IR luminous galaxy in the nearby universe. The
X-ray data show that several discrete sources embedded in complex diffuse
emission contribute ~>20 of the total emission (L_x^tot ~8E41 ergs/s in the
0.5-10 keV energy range). The compact sources are hard and extremely bright and
their emission is probably dominated by accretion driven processes. Both galaxy
nuclei are detected with L_x ~3-10E40 ergs/s. No evidence is found for the
presence of an active nucleus in the southern nucleus, contrary to previous
speculation. Once the discrete sources are removed, the diffuse component has a
soft spectrum which can be modelled by the superposition of 3 thermal plasma
components with temperatures kT = 0.6, 0.9 and 3.9 keV. Alternatively, the
latter component can be described as a power-law with index Gamma ~3. Some
evidence is found for a radial gradient of the amount of absorption and
temperature of the diffuse component. We compare the X-ray emission with
optical, Halpha and NICMOS images of NGC3256 and find a good correlation
between the inferred optical/near-IR and X-ray extinctions. Although Inverse
Compton scattering could be important in explaining the hard X-rays seen in the
compact sources associated with the nuclei, the observed diffuse emission is
probably of thermal origin. The observed X-ray characteristics support a
scenario in which the powerful X-ray emission is driven solely by the current
episode of star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86167 </DOCNO>
Critical Phenomena in Gravitational Collapse: The Studies So Far


  Studies of black hole formation from gravitational collapse have revealed
interesting non-linear phenomena at the threshold of black hole formation. In
particular, in 1993 Choptuik studied the collapse of a massless scalar field
with spherical symmetry and found some behaviour, which is quite similar to the
critical phenomena well-known in {\em Statistical Mechanics} and {\em Quantum
Field Theory}. Universality and echoing of the critical solution and power-law
scaling of the black hole masses have given rise to the name {\em Critical
Phenomena in Gravitational Collapse}. Choptuik's results were soon confirmed
both numerically and semi-analytically, and have extended to various other
matter fields.
  In this paper, we shall give a brief introduction to this fascinating and
relatively new area, and provides an updated publication list. An analytical
"toy" model of critical collapse is presented, and some current investigations
are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7294 </DOCNO>
Tutte Polynomials and Related Asymptotic Limiting Functions for


  We prove several theorems concerning Tutte polynomials $T(G,x,y)$ for
recursive families of graphs. In addition to its interest in mathematics, the
Tutte polynomial is equivalent to an important function in statistical physics,
the Potts model partition function of the $q$-state Potts model, $Z(G,q,v)$,
where $v$ is a temperature-dependent variable. We determine the structure of
the Tutte polynomial for a cyclic clan graph $G[(K_r)_m,L=jn]$ comprised of a
chain of $m$ copies of the complete graph $K_r$ such that the linkage $L$
between each successive pair of $K_r$'s is a join $jn$, and $r$ and $m$ are
arbitrary. The explicit calculation of the case $r=3$ (for arbitrary $m$) is
presented. The continuous accumulation set of the zeros of $Z$ in the limit $m
\to \infty$ is considered. Further, we present calculations of two special
cases of Tutte polynomials, namely, flow and reliability polynomials, for
cyclic clan graphs and discuss the respective continuous accumulation sets of
their zeros in the limit $m \to \infty$. Special valuations of Tutte
polynomials give enumerations of spanning trees and acyclic orientations. Two
theorems are presented that determine the number of spanning trees on
$G[(K_r)_m,jn]$ and $G[(K_r)_m,id]$, where $L=id$ means that the identity
linkage. We report calculations of the number of acyclic orientations for
strips of the square lattice and use these to obtain an improved lower bound on
the exponential growth rate of the number of these acyclic orientations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128888 </DOCNO>
Some arguments in support of the association of PSR B1706-44 with the


  We present some arguments in support of the association of the pulsar PSR
B1706-44 with the supernova remnant G343.1-2.3, based on the idea that these
objects could be the result of a supernova explosion within a mushroom-like
cavity (created by the supernova progenitor wind breaking out of the parent
molecular cloud). We suggest that in addition to the known bright "half" of
G343.1-2.3 there should exist a more extended and weaker component, such that
the actual shape of G343.1-2.3 is similar to that of the well-known SNR VRO
42.05.01. We have found such a component in archival radio data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72990 </DOCNO>
Gamma ray bursts from superconducting cosmic strings


  Cusps of superconducting strings can serve as GRB engines. A powerful beamed
pulse of electromagnetic radiation from a cusp produces a jet of accelerated
particles, whose propagation is terminated by the shock responsible for GRB. A
single free parameter, the string scale of symmetry breaking $\eta \sim 10^{14}
GeV$, together with reasonable assumptions about the magnitude of cosmic
magnetic fields and the fraction of volume that they occupy, explains the GRB
rate, duration and fluence, as well as the observed ranges of these quantities.
The wiggles on the string can drive the short-time structures of GRB. This
model predicts that GRBs are accompanied by strong bursts of gravitational
radiation which should be detectable by LIGO, VIRGO and LISA detectors. Another
prediction is the diffuse X- and gamma-ray radiation at 8 MeV - 100 GeV with a
spectrum and flux comparable to the observed. The weakness of the model is the
prediction of too low rate of GRBs from galaxies, as compared with
observations. This suggests that either the capture rate of string loops by
galaxies is underestimated in our model, or that GRBs from cusps are
responsible for only a subset of the observed GRBs not associated with
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40710 </DOCNO>
A Search for Charmless $B\to VV$ Decays


  We have studied two-body charmless decays of the $B$ meson into the final
states $\rho^0 \rho^0$, $K^{*0} \rho^0$, $K^{*0} K^{*0}$, $K^{*0}
\bar{K^{*0}}$, $K^{*+} \rho^0$, $K^{*+} \bar{K^{*0}}$, and $K^{*+} K^{*-}$
using only decay modes with charged daughter particles. Using 9.7 million $B
\bar{B}$ pairs collected with the CLEO detector, we place 90% confidence level
upper limits on the branching fractions, $(0.46-7.0)\times 10^{-5}$, depending
on final state and polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86343 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Weak Energy Inequality for Dirac fields in curved spacetime


  Quantum fields are well known to violate the weak energy condition of general
relativity: the renormalised energy density at any given point is unbounded
from below as a function of the quantum state. By contrast, for the scalar and
electromagnetic fields it has been shown that weighted averages of the energy
density along timelike curves satisfy `quantum weak energy inequalities'
(QWEIs) which constitute lower bounds on these quantities. Previously, Dirac
QWEIs have been obtained only for massless fields in two-dimensional
spacetimes. In this paper we establish QWEIs for the Dirac and Majorana fields
of mass $m\ge 0$ on general four-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetimes,
averaging along arbitrary smooth timelike curves with respect to any of a large
class of smooth compactly supported positive weights. Our proof makes essential
use of the microlocal characterisation of the class of Hadamard states, for
which the energy density may be defined by point-splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148728 </DOCNO>
A gauge theory of the hamiltonian reduction for the rational Calogero -


  A gauge theory equivalent to the hamiltonian reduction scheme for rational
Calogero - Moser model is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76233 </DOCNO>
Pion-nucleon sigma-term - a review


  A brief review of the pion-nucleon sigma-term is given. Aspects of both
chiral perturbation theory and phenomenology are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125633 </DOCNO>
Optical Coordinates of Southern Planetary Nebulae


  A homogeneous set of new measurements of nearly all (995 out of 1007) objects
from the Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae or in the first
supplement of this catalogue in the area covered by the DENIS survey (delta <
+2) is given here. 24 new and 27 wrong crossidentifications with sources in the
IRAS PSC catalogue and some confusion in the literature is listed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96296 </DOCNO>
Weak Positivity and Dyson's Lemma


  We state and prove a version of Dyson's Lemma for a product of smooth
projective varieties of arbitrary dimension using positivity methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125361 </DOCNO>
A Continuum Description of Rarefied Gas Dynamics (II)--- The Propagation


  The equations of fluid dynamics developed in paper I are applied to the study
of the propagation of ultrasound waves. There is good agreement between the
predicted propagation speed and experimental results for a wide range of
Knudsen numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1435 </DOCNO>
Coulomb blockade in metallic grains at large conductance


  We study Coulomb blockade effects in the thermodynamic quantities of a weakly
disordered metallic grain coupled to a metallic lead by a tunneling contact
with a large conductance $g_T$. We consider the case of broken time-reversal
symmetry and obtain expressions for both the {\em ensemble averaged} amplitude
of the Coulomb blockade oscillations of the thermodynamic potential and the
correlator of its {\em mesoscopic fluctuations} for a finite mean level spacing
$\delta$ in the grain. We develop a novel method which allows for an exact
evaluation of the functional integral arising from disorder averaging. The
results and the method are applicable in the temperature range $\delta \ll T
\ll E_C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7511 </DOCNO>
Collective magnetic excitations in mixed-valence Sm0.83Y0.17S


  The magnetic spectral response of black-phase mixed-valence Sm0.83Y0.17S has
been measured by inelastic neutron scattering on a single crystal. Two magnetic
peaks are observed in the energy range of the Sm2+ spin-orbit transition (25-40
meV). Both of them exhibit significant dispersion along the three main symmetry
directions, reminiscent of the spin-orbit exciton branch found in pure divalent
SmS. The results can be reproduced by a simple phenomenological model
accounting for the existence of sizeable Sm-Sm exchange interactions, and a
microscopic mechanism is proposed on the basis of the "local-bound-state"
theory developed previously for SmB6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3692 </DOCNO>
Effective Free Energy of Ginzburg-Landau Model


  It is argued that the presence of a nonanalytic term in the effective
potential of the Ginzburg-Landau model is immaterial as far as the order of the
superconductor-normal phase transition is concerned. To achieve agreement with
the renormalization group, the effective potential has to be extended to
include derivative terms, which provide the theory with a low momentum scale
which can be varied to probe the (possible) fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179530 </DOCNO>
Caloric curve for finite nuclei in relativistic models


  In this work we calculate the caloric curve (excitation energy per particle
as a function of temperature) for finite nuclei within the non--linear Walecka
model for different proton fractions. It is shown that the caloric curve is
sensitive to the proton fraction. Freeze-out volume effects in the caloric
curve are also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123920 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen model atmospheres for white dwarf stars


  We present a detailed calculation of model atmospheres for DA white dwarfs.
Our atmosphere code solves the atmosphere structure in local thermodynamic
equilibrium with a standard partial linearization technique, which takes into
account the energy transfer by radiation and convection. This code incorporates
recent improved and extended data base of collision induced absorption by
molecular hydrogen. We analyse the thermodynamic structure and emergent flux of
atmospheres in a range 2500 < Teff < 60000$ K and 6.5 < log g < 9.0. Bolometric
correction and colour indices are provided for a subsample of the model grid.
Comparison of the colours is made with published observational material and
results of other recent model calculations. Motivated by the increasing
interest on helium core white dwarfs, we analyse the photometric
characteristics of these stars during their cooling, using evolutionary models
recently available. Effective temperatures, surface gravities, masses and ages
have been determined for some helium core white dwarf candidates, and their
possible binary nature is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168808 </DOCNO>
A classical analogue of entanglement


  We show that quantum entanglement has a very close classical analogue, namely
secret classical correlations. The fundamental analogy stems from the behavior
of quantum entanglement under local operations and classical communication and
the behavior of secret correlations under local operations and public
communication. A large number of derived analogies follow. In particular
teleportation is analogous to the one-time-pad, the concept of ``pure state''
exists in the classical domain, entanglement concentration and dilution are
essentially classical secrecy protocols, and single copy entanglement
manipulations have such a close classical analog that the majorization results
are reproduced in the classical setting. This analogy allows one to import
questions from the quantum domain into the classical one, and vice-versa,
helping to get a better understanding of both. Also, by identifying classical
aspects of quantum entanglement it allows one to identify those aspects of
entanglement which are uniquely quantum mechanical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86576 </DOCNO>
Symmetry, singularities and intregrability in complex dynamics VII:


  This paper considers some physically interesting cosmological dynamical
systems in the FRW-scalarfield category which are examined for integrability
according to the criterion of Painlev\'e. In the literature these systems have
been examined from the point of view of dynamical systems and the results from
the two disparate methods of analysis are compared. This allows some more
general comments to be made on the use of the Painlev\'e method in covariant
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99115 </DOCNO>
Analytic Surgery of the zeta-determinant of the Dirac operator


  We review the work of the authors and their collaborators on the
decomposition of the zeta-determinant of the Dirac operator into the
contribution coming from different parts of a manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168520 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing with Quantum Dots on Linear Supports


  Motivated by the recently demonstrated ability to attach quantum dots to
polymers at well defined locations, we propose a condensed phase analog of the
ion trap quantum computer: a scheme for quantum computation using chemically
assembled semiconductor nanocrystals attached to a linear support. The linear
support is either a molecular string (e.g., DNA) or a nanoscale rod. The phonon
modes of the linear support are used as a quantum information bus between the
dots. Our scheme offers greater flexibiliy in optimizing material parameters
than the ion trap method but has additional complications. We discuss the
relevant physical parameters, provide a detailed feasibility study, and suggest
materials for which quantum computation may be possible with this approach. We
find that Si is a potentially promising quantum dot material, already allowing
5-10 qubits quantum computer to operate with an error threshold of 10^-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5332 </DOCNO>
Ballistic transport in classical and quantum integrable systems


  In this essay, we first sketch the development of ideas on the extraordinary
dynamics of integrable classical nonlinear and quantum many body Hamiltonians.
In particular, we comment on the state of mathematical techniques available for
analyzing their thermodynamic and dynamic properties.
  Then, we discuss the unconventional finite temperature transport of
integrable systems using as example the classical Toda chain and the toy model
of a quantum particle interacting with a fermionic bath in one dimension; we
focus on the singular long time asymptotic of current-current correlations, we
introduce the notion of the Drude weight and we emphasize the role played by
conservation laws in establishing the ballistic character of transport in these
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129416 </DOCNO>
The M_bh-sigma_* relation for black holes fed by capturing stars and


  We estimate the rate at which stars are captured by supermassive black holes
(BHs) in the centres of bulges and elliptical galaxies assuming that these
initially had an isothermal cusp (rho ~ r^{-2} with velocity dispersion
sigma_*). If radial orbits can be adequately replenished a BH can grow
significantly by capturing stars and particles of the dark halo; the latter
could be up to 20--40 percent of the total mass captured. A tight relation M_bh
10^8 (sigma_*/200\kms)^5 between BH hole mass and stellar velocity dispersion
arises at the high mass end M_bh >= 10^8 M_sun if these giant BHs grow
primarily by swallowing stars. For smaller masses a gradual flattening of the
relation and an increase of the scatter are expected due to tidal disruption of
stars. At moderate redshifts when bright galaxies may still possess isothermal
cusps tidal disruption flares may be as frequent as 10^{-4} -- 10^{-2} yr^{-1}
per galaxy, a few percent of the supernovae rate. Efficient randomization of
the orbits can occur when the dense cores of infalling satellites sink to the
sphere of influence of the BH by dynamical friction. Efficient replenishment of
the loss cone of radial orbits can also explain why the supermassive binary BHs
expected in hierarchically merging galaxies do generally coalesce, as suggested
by the observed relation between BH mass and the inferred mass of stars ejected
from an isothermal cusp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5847 </DOCNO>
3D-2D phase transition in vortex lattice of layered high-temperature


  Using the high-sensitive mechanical method of measuring the dissipation
processes in superconductors, the 3D-2D phase transition in magnetic field was
investigated in the vortex lattice of strongly anisotropic high-temperature
superconductors of Bi(2223) system. It was shown that with the increase of
external magnetic field the dissipation connected with a motion of vortexes
relative to the crystal lattice of a sample, first increases, reaching the
maximum and then with a further increase of the magnetic field sharply reduces
as a result of pinning enhancement in connection with the transition of
three-dimensional vortex system in quasi-two-dimensional "pancake" one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113774 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic of Plane Cremona Transformations and the Dimensions of


  It is shown that the two sequences of characteristic dimensions of
transfinite heterotic string space-time found by El Naschie can be remarkably
well accounted for in terms of the arithmetic of self-conjugate homaloidal nets
of plane algebraic curves of orders 3 to 20. A firm algebraic geometrical
justification is thus given not only for all the relevant dimensions of the
classical theory, but also for other two dimensions proposed by El Naschie,
viz. the inverse of quantum gravity coupling constant (~42.36067977) and that
of (one half of) fine structure constant (~68.54101967). A non-trivial coupling
between the two El Naschie sequences is also revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 690 </DOCNO>
Theory of SIS tunnelling in cuprates


  We show that the single-particle polaron Green's function describes SIS
tunnelling in cuprates, including the absence of Ohm's law at high voltages,
the dip/hump features in the first derivative of the current, a substantial
incoherent spectral weight beyond quasiparticle peaks and unusual shape of the
peaks.
 The theory allows us to determine the characteristic phonon frequencies,
normal and superconducting gaps, impurity scattering rate, and the
electron-phonon coupling from the tunnelling data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83976 </DOCNO>
The Delay-Insensitivity, the Hazard-Freedom, the Semi-Modularity and the


  The paper studies some important properties of the asynchronous (=timed)
automata: the delay-insensitivity, the hazard-freedom, the semi-modularity and
the technical condition of good running. Time is discrete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76801 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis


  Developments in understanding of Baryogenesis are reviewed. We start with
early motivations and the proposals in the context of GUTs. Next, the
importance of the sphaleron solution and its implications are discussed.
Studies of the Standard Model reveal that the latter has a Higgs structure
incompatible with existence of observed \B asymmetry. We then discuss a generic
scenario for electroweak baryogenesis relying on bubble wall dynamics. We also
summarise the status of the MSSM, and alternative scenarios utilising
topological defects as the source of non-equilibrium behaviour and
leptogenesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86111 </DOCNO>
Gravitating Fluxbranes


  We consider the effect that gravity has when one tries to set up a constant
background form field. We find that in analogy with the Melvin solution, where
magnetic field lines self-gravitate to form a flux-tube, the self-gravity of
the form field creates fluxbranes. Several exact solutions are found
corresponding to different transverse spaces and world-volumes, a dilaton
coupling is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 861 </DOCNO>
Solvable Lattice Gas Models of Random Heteropolymers at Finite Density:


  In this paper we analyse both the dynamics and the high density physics of
the infinite dimensional lattice gas model for random heteropolymers recently
introduced in \cite{jort}. Restricting ourselves to site-disordered
heteropolymers, we derive exact closed deterministic evolution equations for a
suitable set of dynamic order parameters (in the thermodynamic limit), and use
these to study the dynamics of the system for different choices of the monomer
polarity parameters. We also study the equilibrium properties of the system in
the high density limit, which leads to a phase diagram exhibiting transitions
between swollen states, compact states, and regions with partial
compactification. Our results find excellent verification in numerical
simulations, and have a natural and appealing interpretation in terms of real
heteropolymers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114218 </DOCNO>
Quantum open systems and turbulence


  We show that the problem of non conservation of energy found in the
spontaneous localization model developed by Ghirardi, Rimini and Weber is very
similar to the inconsistency between the stochastic models for turbulence and
the Navier-Stokes equation. This sort of analogy may be useful in the
development of both areas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3742 </DOCNO>
The Stable Random Matrix ensembles


  In this paper we address the question of the matrix generalization for the
stable random variables. We find that we are lead to the consideration of
confining potentials with an explicit dependence on the dimension of the
matrix. We will show that this is a new and natural result that makes these
ensembles to have certain special features. While they have broad distributions
for the density of states (and essentially independently of the dimension of
the matrix), they have universal local properties, mainly due to the explicit
dependence with the dimension of the matrix and to known results on
universality. Nevertheless, these ensembles present special features such as
the failure of certain mean-field approaches. We find consistency with all
previous work on related matters. In particular, for the Cauchy case, we will
recover established results on the mathematical and physics literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97528 </DOCNO>
Poisson geometry with a 3-form background


  We study a modification of Poisson geometry by a closed 3-form. Just as for
ordinary Poisson structures, these "twisted" Poisson structures are
conveniently described as Dirac structures in suitable Courant algebroids. The
additive group of 2-forms acts on twisted Poisson structures and permits them
to be seen as glued from ordinary Poisson structures defined on local patches.
We conclude with remarks on deformation quantization and twisted symplectic
groupoids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168809 </DOCNO>
Hamilton-Jacobi Formulation of KS Entropy for Classical and Quantum


  A Hamilton-Jacobi formulation of the Lyapunov spectrum and KS entropy is
developed. It is numerically efficient and reveals a close relation between the
KS invariant and the classical action. This formulation is extended to the
quantum domain using the Madelung-Bohm orbits associated with the Schroedinger
equation. The resulting quantum KS invariant for a given orbit equals the mean
decay rate of the probability density along the orbit, while its ensemble
average measures the mean growth rate of configuration-space information for
the quantum system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98575 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Class Field Theory for Riemann Surfaces


  In this paper, using what we call a micro reciprocity law, we complete Weil's
program for non-abelian class field theory of Riemann surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114297 </DOCNO>
PLD-Based Reconfigurable Controllers for Feedback Systems


  Recently, interest has grown for application of reconfigurable devices in
robust and adaptive control systems. The main advantage of such devices is that
its structure is not fixed and may be varied depending on the currently used
control algorithm. In this paper a new PC-based reconfigurable microcontrollers
(RMC) are offered for Experimental Physics control systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128022 </DOCNO>
Detecting Outer Planets in Edge-On Orbits: Combining Radial Velocity and


  The astrometric and radial velocity techniques of extra-solar planet
detection attempt to detect the periodic reflex motion of the parent star by
extracting this periodic signal from a time-sampled set of observations. The
extraction is generally accomplished using periodogram analysis or the
functionally equivalent technique of Least Squares fitting of sinusoids. In
this paper, we use a Frequentist approach to examine the sensitivity of Least
Squares technique when applied to a combination of radial velocity and
astrometric observations. We derive a semi-analytical expression for the
sensitivity and show that the combined approach yields significantly better
sensitivity than either technique on its own. We discuss the ramifications of
this result to upcoming astrometric surveys with FAME, the Keck Interferometer,
and SIM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84031 </DOCNO>
HyperPro An integrated documentation environment for CLP


  The purpose of this paper is to present some functionalities of the HyperPro
System. HyperPro is a hypertext tool which allows to develop Constraint Logic
Programming (CLP) together with their documentation. The text editing part is
not new and is based on the free software Thot. A HyperPro program is a Thot
document written in a report style. The tool is designed for CLP but it can be
adapted to other programming paradigms as well. Thot offers navigation and
editing facilities and synchronized static document views. HyperPro has new
functionalities such as document exportations, dynamic views (projections),
indexes and version management. Projection is a mechanism for extracting and
exporting relevant pieces of code program or of document according to specific
criteria. Indexes are useful to find the references and occurrences of a
relation in a document, i.e., where its predicate definition is found and where
a relation is used in other programs or document versions and, to translate
hyper-texts links into paper references. It still lack importation facilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124797 </DOCNO>
The ROSAT Deep Survey: VI. X-ray sources and Optical identifications of


  We describe in this paper the ROSAT Ultra Deep Survey (UDS), an extension of
the ROSAT Deep Survey (RDS) in the Lockman Hole. The UDS reaches a flux level
of 1.2 x 10E-15 erg/cm2/s in 0.5-2.0 keV energy band, a level ~4.6 times
fainter than the RDS. We present nearly complete spectroscopic identifications
(90%) of the sample of 94 X-ray sources based on low-resolution Keck spectra.
The majority of the sources (57) are broad emission line AGNs (type I), whereas
a further 13 AGNs show only narrow emission lines or broad Balmer emission
lines with a large Balmer decrement (type II AGNs) indicating significant
optical absorption. The second most abundant class of objects (10) are groups
and clusters of galaxies (~11%). Further we found five galactic stars and one
''normal'' emission line galaxy. Eight X-ray sources remain spectroscopically
unidentified. The photometric redshift determination indicates in three out of
the eight sources the presence of an obscured AGN in the range of 1.2 < z <
2.7. These objects could belong to the long-sought population of type 2 QSOs,
which are predicted by the AGN synthesis models of the X-ray background.
Finally, we discuss the optical and soft X-ray properties of the type I AGN,
type II AGN, and groups and clusters of galaxies, and the implications to the
X-ray backround.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81345 </DOCNO>
Spectral density calculations in a heavy-light meson-meson system


  A system of two static quarks, at fixed distances r, and two light quarks is
studied on an anisotropic lattice. Excitations by operators emphasizing quark
or gluon degrees of freedom are examined. The maximum entropy method is applied
in the spectral analysis. These simulations ultimately aim at learning about
mechanisms of hadronic interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4547 </DOCNO>
Strange dynamics of domain walls and periodic stripes along classical


  This paper addressses the kinetics and dynamics of a family of domain wall
solutions along classical antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chains at low
energies. The equation of motion is derived and found to have long range
position- and velocity-dependent two-body forces. A 'quiescent' regime is
identified where the forces between walls are all repelling. Outside this
regime some of the interactions are attractive, giving rise to wall collisions
whereupon the colliding walls annihilate. The momentum of the system is found
to be conserved in the quiescent regime and to suffer discontinuous jumps upon
annihilation. The dynamics are illustrated by an exact solution for a double
wall system and a numerical solution for a many-wall system.
  On circular chains the equations support stable periodic stripes that can
rotate as a rigid body. It is found that the stripes are more stable the faster
they rotate. The periodic structure can be destabilised by perturbing the
walls' angular velocity in which case there is a transition to another periodic
structure, possibly via a cascade of annihilation events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1836 </DOCNO>
Thermoelectric power and transport properties of pure and Al-doped MgB2


  We have measured the thermoelectric power, S, and resistivity, rho, of pure
and Al-doped MgB2. S is positive and increases linearly with temperature above
the superconducting transition temperature, Tc. Deviations from the linear
dependence appear at higher temperature, T>T0 approx 160 K. Tc and T0 both
decrease with Al doping whereas the slope of S(T) in the linear range increases
with the Al content. The data are discussed in terms of doping induced changes
of the Fermi surface and the density of states at the Fermi level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85724 </DOCNO>
Brane world cosmological constant in the models with large extra


  We consider ``brane universe'' with nonzero tension in the models with large
extra dimensions. We find exact solutions of higher-dimensional Einstein
equations with single flat Minkowsky brane of arbitrary large tension (or brane
cosmological constant) and compact extra dimensions. The brane curves the bulk
space-time in a small region around it. There is no fine tuning of energy
scales in our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74440 </DOCNO>
NLO QED corrections to ISR in e+ e- annihilation and the measurement of


  The leptonic tensor for the process $e^+ e^- \to \gamma+\gamma^*$, which
describes the next-to-leading order virtual and soft QED corrections to initial
state radiation in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation with emission of an extra virtual
photon decaying into hadrons, is calculated. A Monte Carlo generator for the
reaction $e^+ e^- \to \gamma + \pi^+ \pi^-$ has been set up which includes
these corrections. It thus describes configurations where the invariant mass of
the hadrons plus photon is very close to $\sqrt{s}$. Predictions for cms
energies of 1 to 10 GeV, corresponding to the energies of DAPHNE and B-meson
factories, are presented. The possibility for an accurate measurement using
tagged photons of $\sigma(e^+ e^- \to hadrons)$, which plays an important role
in the theoretical description of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the
running of the electromagnetic coupling, is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75761 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Structure Formation with Topological Defects


  Topological defects are ubiquitous in physics. Whenever a symmetry breaking
phase transition occurs, topological defects may form. The best known examples
are vortex lines in type II super conductors or in liquid Helium, and
declination lines in liquid crystals. In an adiabatically expanding universe
which cools down from a very hot initial state, it is quite natural to
postulate that topological defects may have emerged during a phase transition
in the early universe and that they may have played the role of initial
inhomogeneities seeding the formation of cosmic structure. This basic idea goes
back to Kibble (1976). In this report we summarize the progress made in the
investigation of Kibble's idea during the last 25 years. Our understanding of
the formation and evolution of topological defects is reported almost
completely in the beautiful book by Vilenkin & Shellard or the excellent Review
by Hindmarsh & Kibble, and we shall hence be rather short on that topic.
Nevertheless, in order to be self contained, we have included a short chapter
on spontaneous symmetry breaking and defect formation. Our main topic is
however the calculation of structure formation with defects, results which are
not included in the above references.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75851 </DOCNO>
Light Hadron Spectroscopy: Theory and Experiment


  Rapporteur talk at the Lepton-Photon Conference, Rome, July 2001: reviewing
the evidence and strategies for understanding scalar mesons, glueballs and
hybrids, the gluonic Pomeron and the interplay of heavy flavours and light
hadron dynamics. Dedicated to the memory of Nathan Isgur, long-time
collaborator and friend, whose original ideas in hadron spectroscopy formed the
basis for much of the talk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113644 </DOCNO>
Verifying the learning process in Physics


  The paper describes an automated evaluation system for the learning of
general Physics. The system whose name is Test on Line (ToL) is based on a
questions bank from which an appropriate software generates individual
multi-issue questionnaires to be submitted through the web. ToL has been
extensively experimented during three years and is presently in use for basic
Physics courses at the Engineering Faculties of the Turin Politecnico. The
results of the experimentation and use are presented and discussed. Cumulating
data allows for an optimization of the internal partitions of the questions
bank and of the selection criteria for the generation of the questionnaires.
The instrument proved to be useful and reliable and could become the core of an
agreed common standard for physics education at university level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123520 </DOCNO>
An Improved Measurement of the Hubble Constant from the


  We present a determination of the Hubble constant from measurements of the
Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect (SZE) in an orientation-unbiased sample of 7 z < 0.1
galaxy clusters. With improved X-ray models and a more accurate 32-GHz
calibration, we obtain H_O = 64+14-11 +/- 14_sys km/s/Mpc. for a standard CDM
cosmology, or 66+14-11 +/- 15_sys km/s/Mpc for a flat LambdaCDM cosmology. In
combination with X-ray cluster measurements and the BBN value for Omega_B, we
find Omega_M = 0.32 +/- 0.05.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86436 </DOCNO>
Gravitational energy-momentum and the Hamiltonian formulation of the


  The transformation properties of the gravitational energy-momentum in the
teleparallel gravity are analyzed. It is proved that the gravitational
energy-momentum in the teleparallel gravity can be expressed in terms of the
Lorentz gauge potential, and therefore is not covariant under local Lorentz
transformations. On the other hand, it can also be expressed in terms of the
translation gauge field strength, and therefore is covariant under general
coordinate transformations. A simplified Hamiltonian formulation of the
teleparallel gravity is given. Its constraint algebra has the same structure as
that of general relativity, which indicates the equivalence between the
teleparallel gravity and general relativity in the Hamiltonian formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127213 </DOCNO>
Quintessential perturbations during scaling regime


  The scalar field with an exponential potential allows a scaling solution
where the the density of the field follows the density of the dominating fluid.
Such a scaling regime is often used as an important ingredient in many models
of quintessence. We analyse evolution of perturbations while the background
follows the scaling. As the results, the perturbed scalar field also scales
with the perturbed fluid, and the perturbations accompany the adiabatic as well
as the isocurvature mode between the fluid and the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81081 </DOCNO>
Non-Perturbative Renormalization in Lattice Field Theory


  Non-perturbative renormalization of lattice composite operators plays a
crucial role in many applications of lattice field theory. We sketch the
general problems involved in this task and the methods which are currently used
to cope with them. We present a detailed investigation of a new approach based
on the operator product expansion. We test the new method on the
two-dimensional O(3) sigma-model and discuss its advantages and limitations.
Ph.D. thesis at Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98529 </DOCNO>
Kustin-Miller unprojection with complexes


  A main ingredient for Kustin-Miller unprojection, as developed in (S.
Papadakis and M. Reid, Kustin-Miller unprojection without complexes,
math.AG/0011094), is the module Hom_R(I, \om_R), where R is a local Gorenstein
ring and I a codimension one ideal with R/I Gorenstein. We prove a method of
calculating it in a relative setting using resolutions. We give three
applications. In the first we generalise a result of (F. Catanese et al.,
Embeddings of curves and surfaces, Nagoya Math. J. 154 (1999), 185-220). The
second and the third are about Tom and Jerry, two families of Gorenstein
codimension four rings with 9x16 resolutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75635 </DOCNO>
Fermion universality manifesting itself in the Dirac component of


  An effective texture is presented for six Majorana conventional neutrinos
(three active and three sterile), based on a 6x6 neutrino mixing matrix whose
3x3 active-active component arises from the popular bimaximal mixing matrix of
active neutrinos $\nu_e$, $\nu_\mu$, $\nu_\tau$ by three small rotations in the
14, 25, 36 planes of $\nu_1$, $\nu_2$, $\nu_3$ and $\nu_4$, $\nu_5$, $\nu_6$
neutrino mass states. The Dirac component (i.e. 3x3 active-sterile component)
of the resulting 6x6 neutrino mass matrix is conjectured to get a structure
similar to the charged lepton and quark 3x3 mass matrices, after the bimaximal
mixing, specific for neutrinos, is transformed out unitarily {}from the
neutrino mass matrix. The charged lepton and quark mass matrices are taken in a
universal form constructed previously by the author with a considerable
phenomenological success. Then, for the option of $m^2_1\simeq m^2_2\simeq
m^2_3\gg m^2_4\simeq m^2_5\simeq m^2_6\simeq0$, the proposed texture {\it
predicts} oscillations of solar $\nu_e$'s with $\Delta m^2_{\rm
sol}\equiv\Delta m^2_{21}\sim(1.1$ to 1.2)$\times10^{-5}$ eV$^2$, not
inconsistent with the LMA solar solution, if the SuperKamiokande value $\Delta
m^2_{\rm atm}\equiv\Delta m^2_{32}\sim$(3 to 3.5)$\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ for
oscillations of atmospheric $\nu_\mu$'s is taken as an input.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41595 </DOCNO>
Measurement of B-->K*gamma Branching Fractions and Charge Asymmetries


  The branching fractions of the exclusive decays $B^0\to K^{*0}\gamma$ and
$B^+ \to K^{*+}\gamma$ are measured from a sample of $(22.74\pm 0.36)\times
10^6$ $B\bar B$ decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP II
asymmetric $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider. We find ${\cal B}(B^0\to K^{*0}\gamma) =
(4.23\pm 0.40({\rm stat.})\pm 0.22({\rm sys.}))\times 10^{-5}$, ${\cal
B}(B^+\to K^{*+}\gamma) = (3.83\pm 0.62({\rm stat.})\pm 0.22({\rm sys.}))\times
10^{-5}$ and constrain the CP-violating charge asymmetry to be $-0.170 <
A_{CP}(B \to K^*\gamma) < 0.082$ at 90% C.L.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74122 </DOCNO>
Small-x Physics and Forward Jet Production at THERA


  We discuss some aspects of forward jet production as a signature for small
$x$ physics at THERA energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84054 </DOCNO>
Program schemes with binary write-once arrays and the complexity classes


  We study a class of program schemes, NPSB, in which, aside from basic
assignments, non-deterministic guessing and while loops, we have access to
arrays; but where these arrays are binary write-once in that they are
initialized to `zero' and can only ever be set to `one'. We show, amongst other
results, that: NPSB can be realized as a vectorized Lindstrom logic; there are
problems accepted by program schemes of NPSB that are not definable in the
bounded-variable infinitary logic ${\cal L}^\omega_{\infty\omega}$; all
problems accepted by the program schemes of NPSB have a zero-one law; and on
ordered structures, NPSB captures the complexity class $[ L]^[{\scriptsize
NP\normalsize}]$. The class of program schemes NPSB is actually the union of an
infinite hierarchy of classes of program schemes. When we amend the semantics
of our program schemes slightly, we find that the classes of the resulting
hierarchy capture the complexity classes $\Sigma^p_i$ (where $i\geq 1$) of the
Polynomial Hierarchy PH. Finally, we give logical equivalences of the
complexity-theoretic question `Does NP equal PSPACE?' where the logics (and
classes of program schemes) involved define only problems with zero-one laws
(and so do not define some computationally trivial problems).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97681 </DOCNO>
A Class of non-MRA Band-limited Wavelets


  We give a characterization of a class of band-limited wavelets of
$L^2({\mathbb R})$ and show that none of these wavelets come from a
multiresolution analysis (MRA). For each $n\geq 2$, we construct a subset $S_n$
of ${\mathbb R}$ which is symmetric with respect to the origin. We give
necessary and sufficient conditions on a function $\psi\in L^2({\mathbb R})$
with supp $\hat\psi\subseteq S_n$ to be an orthonormal wavelet. This result
generalizes the characterization of a class of wavelets of E. Hern\'andez and
G. Weiss. The dimension functions associated with these wavelets are also
computed explicitly. Starting from the wavelets we have constructed, we are
able to construct examples of wavelets in each of the equivalence classes of
wavelets defined by E. Weber.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73875 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Radiation and the Small-Scale Structure of Cosmic Strings


  We calculate the gravitational radiation emitted by an infinite cosmic string
with two oppositely moving wave-trains, in the small amplitude approximation.
After comparing our result to the previously studied cases we extend the
results to a new regime where the wavelengths of the opposing wave-trains are
very different. We show that in this case the amount of power radiated vanishes
exponentially. This means that small excitations moving in only one direction
may be very long lived, and so the size of the smallest scales in a string
network might be much smaller than what one would expect from gravitational
back reaction. This result allows for a potential host of interesting
cosmological possibilities involving ultra-high energy cosmic rays, gamma ray
bursts and gravitational wave bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2059 </DOCNO>
Reconnection and acoustic emission of quantized vortices in superfluid


  We study numerically the reconnection of quantized vortices and the
concurrent acoustic emission by the analysis of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
Two quantized vortices reconnect following the process similar to classical
vortices; they approach, twist themselves locally so that they become
anti-parallel at the closest place, reconnect and leave separately.The
investigation of the motion of the singular lines where the amplitude of the
wave function vanishes in the vortex cores confirms that they follow the above
scenario by reconnecting at a point. This reconnection is not contradictory to
the Kelvin's circulation theorem, because the potential of the superflow field
becomes undefined at the reconnection point. When the locally anti-parallel
part of the vortices becomes closer than the healing length, it moves with the
velocity comparable to the sound velocity, emits the sound waves and leads to
the pair annihilation or reconnection; this phenomena is concerned with the
Cherenkov resonance. The vortices are broken up to smaller vortex loops through
a series of reconnection, eventually disappearing with the acoustic emission.
This may correspond to the final stage of the vortex cascade process proposed
by Feynman. The change in energy components, such as the quantum, the
compressible and incompressible kinetic energy is analyzed for each dynamics.
The propagation of the sound waves not only appears in the profile of the
amplitude of the wave function but also affects the field of its phase,
transforming the quantum energy due to the vortex cores to the kinetic energy
of the phase field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75196 </DOCNO>
Muon g-2 and Electric Dipole Moments in SUGRA Models


  The SUSY contribution to the muon magnetic moment anomaly, a_mu^SUGRA, and
the electron electric dipole moment, d_e, is discussed within the framework of
a modified mSUGRA model where the magnitudes of the soft breaking masses are
universal, but arbitrary phases are allowed. It is shown analytically how the
cancellation mechanism can allow for large phases (i.e. theta_B <~ 0.4) and
still suppress the value of d_e below its current experimental bound. The
dependence of a_mu^SUGRA on the CP violating phases are analytically examined,
and seen to decrease it but by at most a factor of about two. This reduction
would then decrease the upper bound on m_1/2 due to the lower bound of
Brookhaven data, and hence lower the SUSY mass spectrum, making it more
accessible to accelerators. At the electroweak scale, the phases have to be
specified to within a few percent to satisfy the experimental bound on d_e, but
at the GUT scale, fine tuning below 1% is required for lower values of m_1/2.
This fine tuning problem will become more serious if the bound on d_e is
decreased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96765 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic analytic torsion


  We define an (equivariant) quaternionic analytic torsion for antiselfdual
vector bundles on quaternionic Kaehler manifolds, using ideas by Leung and Yi.
We compute this torsion for vector bundles on quaternionic homogeneous spaces
with respect to any isometry in the component of the identity, in terms of
roots and Weyl groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76653 </DOCNO>
Non-Standard Time Reversal for Particle Multiplets and the Spin-Flavor


  We show that a system of quarks interacting with chiral fields provides a
physical representation of a ``non-standard'' time reversal for particle
multiplets proposed by Weinberg. As an application, we argue that, if the
internal structure of hadrons is described by a chiral lagrangian, the
so-called time-reversal-odd quark distribution functions might not be forbidden
by time-reversal invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150242 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Constraints from Non-Abelian Internal Symmetries


  Symmetry invariant local interaction of a many body system leads to global
constraints. We obtain explicit forms of the global macroscopic condition
assuring that at the microscopic level the evolution respects the overall
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2938 </DOCNO>
Free Energy Functional for Nonequilibrium Systems: An Exactly Solvable


  We consider the steady state of an open system in which there is a flux of
matter between two reservoirs at different chemical potentials. For a large
system of size $N$, the probability of any macroscopic density profile
$\rho(x)$ is $\exp[-N{\cal F}(\{\rho\})]$; ${\cal F}$ thus generalizes to
nonequilibrium systems the notion of free energy density for equilibrium
systems. Our exact expression for $\cal F$ is a nonlocal functional of $\rho$,
which yields the macroscopically long range correlations in the nonequilibrium
steady state previously predicted by fluctuating hydrodynamics and observed
experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96390 </DOCNO>
Scattering and radiation damping in gyroscopic Lorentz electrodynamic


  Relativistic massive Lorentz electrodynamics (LED) is studied in a
``gyroscopic setup'' where the electromagnetic fields and the particle spin are
the only dynamical degrees of freedom.
        A rigorous proof of the global existence and uniqueness of the dynamics
is given for essentially the whole range of field strengths reasonable for a
classical theory.
        For a class of rotation-reflection symmetric field data it is shown
that the dynamics also satisfies the world-line equations for a non-moving
Lorentz electron, thus furnishing rigorous solutions of the full system of
nonlinear equations of LED.
        The previously proven soliton dynamics of the Lorentz electron is
further illucidated by showing that rotation-reflection symmetric deviations
from the soliton state of the renormalized particle die out exponentially fast
through radiation damping if the electrostatic mass is smaller than the bare
rest mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128036 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Background dipole measurements with Planck-High Frequency


  This paper discusses the Cosmic Background (CB) dipoles observations in the
framework of the Planck mission. Dipoles observations can be used in three
ways: (i) It gives a measurement of the peculiar velocity of our Galaxy which
is an important observation in large scale structures formation model. (ii)
Measuring the dipole can give unprecedent information on the monopole (that can
be in some cases hard to obtain due to large foreground contaminations). (iii)
The dipole can be an ideal absolute calibrator, easily detectable in
cosmological experiments. Following the last two objectives, the main goal of
the work presented here is twofold. First, we study the accuracy of the
Planck-HFI calibration using the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) dipole
measured by COBE as well as the Earth orbital motion dipole. We show that we
can reach for HFI, a relative calibration between rings of about 1% and an
absolute calibration better than 0.4% for the CMB channels (in the end, the
absolute calibration will be limited by the uncertainties on the CMB
temperature). We also show that Planck will be able to measure the CMB dipole
direction at better than 1.7 arcmin and improve on the amplitude. Second, we
investigate the detection of the Cosmic Far-Infrared Background (FIRB) dipole.
Measuring this dipole could give a new and independent determination of the
FIRB for which a direct determination is quite difficult due to Galactic dust
emission contamination. We show that such a detection would require a Galactic
dust emission removal at better than 1%, which will be very hard to achieve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96826 </DOCNO>
Sur la conjecture combinatoire de Kashiwara-Vergne


  We explain a connection between the combinatorial Kashiwara-Vergne conjecture
and the Kontsevich formula for quantization of Poisson manifolds

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1326 </DOCNO>
The 2-site Hubbard and t-J models. I part: the fermionic sector


  The fermionic sector of the 2-site Hubbard model has been exactly solved by
means of the equation of motion and Green's function formalism. The exact
solution of the t-J model has been also reported to investigate the low-energy
dynamics. We have successfully searched for the exact eigenoperators, and the
corresponding eigenenergies, having in mind the possibility to use them as an
operatorial basis on the lattice. Many local, single-particle and
thermodynamical properties have been studied as functions of the external
parameters and compared between the two models and with some numerical and
exact results. It has been shown that the 2-site Hubbard model already contains
the most relevant energy scales of the Hubbard model: the local Coulomb
interaction U and the spin-exchange one J=4t^2/U. As a consequence of this, for
some relevant properties (kinetic energy, double occupancy, energy, specific
heat and entropy) and as regards the metal-insulator transition issue, it has
resulted possible to almost exactly mime the behavior of larger systems by
using a higher temperature to get a comparable level spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179333 </DOCNO>
Covariant meson-baryon scattering with chiral and large N_c constraints


  We give a review of recent progress on the application of the relativistic
chiral SU(3) Lagrangian to meson-baryon scattering. It is shown that a combined
chiral and 1/N_c expansion of the Bethe-Salpeter interaction kernel leads to a
good description of the kaon-nucleon, antikaon-nucleon and pion-nucleon
scattering data typically up to laboratory momenta of p_lab about 500 MeV. We
solve the covariant coupled channel Bethe-Salpeter equation with the
interaction kernel truncated to chiral order Q^3 where we include only those
terms which are leading in the large N_c limit of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148610 </DOCNO>
Screw Photon-Like (3+1)-Solitons in Extended Electrodynamics


  This paper aims to present explicit photon-like (3+1) spatially finite
soliton solutions of screw type to the vacuum field equations of Extended
Electrodynamics (EED) in relativistic formulation. We begin with emphasizing
the need for spatially finite soliton modelling of microobjects. Then we
briefly comment the properties of solitons and photons and recall some facts
from EED. Making use of the localizing functions from differential topology
(used in the partition of unity) we explicitly construct spatially finite screw
solutions. Further a new description of the spin momentum inside EED, based on
the notion for energy-momentum exchange between $F$ and $*F$, isintroduced and
used to compute the integral spin momentum of a screw soliton. The consistency
between the spatial and time periodicity naturally leads to a particular
relation between the longitudinal and transverse sizes of the screw solution,
namely, it is equal to $\pi$. The Planck's formula $E=h\nu$ in the form of
$ET=h$ arizes as a measure of the integral spin momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126724 </DOCNO>
Hard X-ray tails and cyclotron features in X-ray pulsars


  We review the physical processes occurring in the magnetosphere of accreting
X-ray pulsars, with emphasis on those processes that give rise to observable
effects in their high (E>10 keV) energy spectra. In the second part we compare
the empirical spectral laws used to fit the observed spectra with theoretical
models, at the light of the BeppoSAX results on the broad-band characterization
of the X-ray pulsar continuum, and the discovery of new (multiple) cyclotron
resonance features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75448 </DOCNO>
The high energy limit of QCD at two loops


  By taking the high-energy limit of the two-loop amplitudes for parton-parton
scattering, we have tested the validity of Fadin-Lipatov's ansatz for
parton-parton scattering in the high-energy limit. As expected, we have found
that it holds at LL and NLL accuracy, and hence we have independently
re-evaluated the two-loop Regge trajectory, finding full agreement with the
previous results by Fadin and collaborators. We have found, though, that the
universality implied by the ansatz is violated at the next-to-next-to-leading
logarithmic level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86435 </DOCNO>
Composition of Lorentz Transformations in Terms of Their Generators


  Two-forms in Minkowski space-time may be considered as generators of Lorentz
transformations. Here, the covariant and general expression for the composition
law (Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula) of two Lorentz transformations in terms
of their generators is obtained. Every subalgebra of the Lorentz algebra of
such generators, up to one, may be generated by a sole pair of generators. When
the subalgebra is known, the above BCH formula for the two two-forms
simplifies. Its simplified expressions for all such subalgebras are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1573 </DOCNO>
Hall-conductivity sign change and fluctuations in amorphous


  The sign change in the Hall conductivity has been studied in thin amorphous
Nb$_{1-x}$Ge$_x (x\approx$0.3) films. By changing the film thickness it is
shown that the field at which the sign reversal occurs shifts to lower values
(from above to below the mean-field transition field $H_{c2}$) with increasing
film thickness. This effect can be understood in terms of a competition between
a positive normal and a negative fluctuation contribution to the Hall
conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128463 </DOCNO>
Massive Variability Searches: The Past, Present and Future Massive


  Many decades ago a search for variable stars was one of the main areas of
astrophysical research. Such searches, conducted with CCD detectors rather than
with photographic plates, became a by-product of several projects seeking
gravitational microlensing events towards the Magellanic Clouds and/or the
Galactic Bulge: EROS, MACHO, and OGLE. These searches demonstrated that is is
possible and practical to process in near real time photometry of tens of
millions of stars every night, and to discover hundreds of thousands of
variable stars. A limited subset of new variable star catalogs was published,
but no comprehensive database of all photometric results became public domain
so far. In the last few years a much broader, but shallower searches have been
undertaken, and many other are at various stages of implementation or planning.
There is a need to develop a system that would allow all these data to be
processed and to be posted on the Internet in real time. Full information
related to variability of point sources is made of a relatively few data types,
hence it may be relatively easy to handle. Yet, it may be diverse enough to be
interesting to a large number of users, professional as well as amateur, making
it possible to do real time virtual observing, as well as data mining.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179447 </DOCNO>
Production of $a_0$-mesons in pp and pn reactions


  We investigate the cross section for the reaction $NN \to NNa_0$ near
threshold and at medium energies. An effective Lagrangian approach with
one-pion exchange is applied to analyze different contributions to the cross
section for different isospin channels. The Reggeon exchange mechanism is also
considered. The results are used to calculate the contribution of the $a_0$
meson to the cross sections and invariant $K \bar K$ mass distributions of the
reactions $pp\to pn K^+\bar K^0$ and $pp\to pp K^+K^-$. It is found that the
experimental observation of $a_0^+$ mesons in the reaction $pp\to pn K^+\bar
K^0$ is much more promising than the observation of $a_0^0$ mesons in the
reaction $pp\to pp K^+K^-$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2355 </DOCNO>
Raman scattering study of phonon and spin modes in (TMTSF)2PF6


  We have studied polarized Raman spectra of (TMTSF)2PF6 single crystals in the
wide spectral and temperature range using different laser energies. We observed
and assigned 23 Raman active modes. The carbon C=C in-phase and out-of-phase
stretching modes at 1464 cm-1 and 1602 cm-1 show strong
electron-molecular-vibration coupling. The mode at about 1565 cm-1 is
temperature independent below 50 K due to the methyl group motion freezing. For
(TMTSF)2PF6 in the spin density wave phase for a temperature induced
dimensionality 1D (quarter filled dimerized linear chain with correlated
electrons) the spin gapless magnon spectra have been calculated. No evidence of
spin-lattice coupling or spin-related modes is found in the Raman spectra in
the spin density wave phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96248 </DOCNO>
A Central Limit Theorem for Convolution Equations and Weakly


  The main result of this paper is a general central limit theorem for
distributions defined by certain renewal type equations. We apply this to
weakly self-avoiding random walks. We give good error estimates and Gaussian
tail estimates which have not been obtained by other methods. We use the lace
expansion and at the same time develop a new perspective on this method: We
work with a fixed point argument directly in the x-space without using Laplace
or Fourier transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 430 </DOCNO>
Interaction of vacancies with grain boundary in aluminum: a


  We present a theoretical study of the interaction of vacancies with a tilt
grain boundary in aluminum based on the density functional theory. The grain
boundary volume expansion and vacancy induced contraction are calculated and
compared for the nearest-neighbor atoms from the defects, and the former is
found to be smaller than the latter. The formation energy of a vacancy placed
at various layers in the grain boundary has been calculated and we find that
the grain boundary does not always act as sinks for vacancies. In fact, it
costs more energy to form a vacancy at the boundary plane than in the bulk,
although the rest of the grain boundary region does attract vacancies. The
microscopic mechanisms of grain boundary sliding and migration are investigated
thoroughly with and without a vacancy. We find that although the vacancy can
hinder the grain boundary motion by tripling the energy barrier of sliding and
migration, it can not inhibit or even delay the migration process. The vacancy
placed at the first layer from the interface is found to be trapped at the
layer and not able to follow the migrating interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148840 </DOCNO>
On Field Theory of Open Strings, Tachyon Condensation and Closed Strings


  I review the physical properties of different vacua in the background
independent open string field theory. Talk presented at Strings 2001, Mumbai,
India, http://theory.theory.tifr.res.in/strings/Proceedings/#sha-s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7268 </DOCNO>
Proof of Bose-Einstein Condensation for Dilute Trapped Gases


  The ground state of bosonic atoms in a trap has been shown experimentally to
display Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). We prove this fact theoretically for
bosons with two-body repulsive interaction potentials in the dilute limit,
starting from the basic Schroedinger equation; the condensation is 100% into
the state that minimizes the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. This is the
first rigorous proof of BEC in a physically realistic, continuum model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124969 </DOCNO>
A spectrophotometric atlas of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies


  We have compiled a list of 83 objects classified as Narrow-Line Seyfert 1
galaxies (NLS1s) or known to have a broad Balmer component narrower than 2000
km/s. Out of these, 19 turned out to have been spectroscopically misidentified
in previous studies; only 64 of the selected objects are genuine NLS1s. We have
spectroscopically observed 59 of them and tried to characterize their Narrow
and Broad-Line Regions (NLR and BLR) by fitting the emission-lines with
Gaussian and/or Lorentzian profiles. In most cases, the broad Balmer components
are well fitted by a single Lorentzian profile. This has consequences
concerning their FWHMs and line ratios: when the broad Balmer components are
fitted with a Lorentzian, most narrow line regions have line ratios typical of
Seyfert 2s while, when a Gaussian profile isused for fitting the broad Balmer
components, the line ratios are widely scattered in the usual diagnostic
diagrams (Veilleux & Osterbrock 1987). We find that, in general, the [O III]
lines have a relatively narrow Gaussian profile (~ 200-500 km/s FWHM) with
often, in addition, a second broad (~ 500-1800 km/s FWHM), blueshifted Gaussian
component. We do not confirm that the [O III] lines are weak in NLS1s. As
previously suggested, there is a continuous transition of all properties
between NLS1s and classical Broad-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies (BLS1s) and the limit
of 2000 km/s used to separate the two species is arbitrary; R_4570, the ratio
of the Fe II to the H_beta fluxes, could be a physically more meaningful
parameter to distinguish them. (abridged abstract)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1716 </DOCNO>
Three-body recombination into deep bound states in a Bose gas with large


  An effective field theory for the three-body system with large scattering
length a is applied to three-body recombination into deep bound states in a
Bose gas. The recombination constant \alpha is calculated to first order in the
short-distance interactions that allow the recombination. For a < 0, the
dimensionless combination m \alpha/(\hbar a^4) is a periodic function of \ln
|a| that exhibits resonances at values of a that differ by multiplicative
factors of 22.7. This dramatic behavior should be observable near a Feshbach
resonance when a becomes large and negative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168415 </DOCNO>
Discrete path integral for spin-1/2 in the Grassmannian representation


  A variation to the usual formulation of Grassmann representation path
integrals is presented. Time-indexed anticommuting partners are introduced for
each Grassmann coherent state variable and a general method for handling the
effect of these introduced Grassmann partners is also developed. These
Grassmann partners carry the nilpotency and anticommutivity of the Grassmann
coherent state variables into the propagator and allow the propagator to be
written as a path integral. Two examples are introduced in which this variation
is shown to yield exact results. In particular, exact results are
demonstratated for a spin-1/2 in a time-dependent magnetic field, and for a
spin-boson system. The stationary path approximation is then shown to be exact
for each example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127322 </DOCNO>
Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. OGLE-1999-BUL-32: the Longest


  We describe the discovery of the longest microlensing event ever observed,
OGLE-1999-BUL-32, also independently identified by the MACHO collaboration as
MACHO-99-BLG-22. This unique event has an Einstein radius crossing time of 641
days. The high quality data obtained with difference image analysis shows a
small but significant parallax signature. This parallax effect allows one to
determine the Einstein radius projected onto the observer plane as rE^hat ~
29.2AU. The transverse velocity projected onto the observer plane is about
79km/s. We argue that the lens is likely to be have a mass of at least a few
solar masses, i.e., it could be a stellar black hole. The black hole hypothesis
can be tested using the astrometric microlensing signature with the soon-to-be
installed Advanced Camera for Surveys on board the Hubble Space Telescope. Deep
X-ray and radio images may also be useful for revealing the nature of the
object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150006 </DOCNO>
Aspetti non perturbativi della Teoria delle Stringhe


  Unabridged version of the Thesis presented to the University of L' Aquila, in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the ``Laurea'' degree in Physics,
October 1998. Work carried out at the University of L'Aquila and at the
University of Rome ``Tor Vergata''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125264 </DOCNO>
Mass-Metallicity Relation for the Local Group Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies:


  The virial mass ($M_{\rm vir}$)-metallicity relation among the Local Group
dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) is examined. Hirashita, Takeuchi, & Tamura
showed that the dSphs can be divided into two distinct classes with respect to
the relation between their virial masses and luminosities: low-mass ($M_{\rm
vir} \la 10^8 M_\odot$) and high-mass ($M_{\rm vir} \ga 10^8 M_\odot$) groups.
We see that both the mass-metallicity and the mass-luminosity relations of the
high-mass dSphs are understood as a low-mass extension of giant ellipticals. On
the contrary, we find that the classical galactic-wind model is problematic to
apply to the low-mass dSphs, whose low binding energy is comparable to that
released by several supernova explosions. A strongly regulated star formation
in their formation phase is required to reproduce their observed metallicity.
Such regulation is naturally expected in a gas cloud with the primordial
elemental abundance according to Nishi & Tashiro. A significant scatter in the
mass-metallicity relation for the low-mass dSphs is also successfully explained
along with the scenario of Hirashita and coworkers. We not only propose a new
picture for a chemical enrichment of the dSphs, but also suggest that the
mass-metallicity and the mass-luminosity relations be understood in a
consistent context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83802 </DOCNO>
Is There a There There: Towards Greater Certainty for Internet


  The unique challenge presented by the Internet is that compliance with local
laws is rarely sufficient to assure a business that it has limited its exposure
to legal risk. The paper identifies why the challenge of adequately accounting
for the legal risk arising from Internet jurisdiction has been aggravated in
recent years by the adoption of the Zippo legal framework, commonly referred to
as the passive versus active test. The test provides parties with only limited
guidance and often results in detrimental judicial decisions from a policy
perspective. Given the inadequacies of the Zippo passive versus active test,
the paper argues that it is now fitting to identify a more effective standard
for determining when it is appropriate to assert jurisdiction in cases
involving predominantly Internet-based contacts. The solution submitted in the
paper is to move toward a targeting-based analysis. Unlike the Zippo approach,
a targeting analysis would seek to identify the intentions of the parties and
to assess the steps taken to either enter or avoid a particular jurisdiction.
Targeting would also lessen the reliance on effects-based analysis, the source
of considerable uncertainty since Internet-based activity can ordinarily be
said to create some effects in most jurisdictions. To identify the appropriate
criteria for a targeting test, the paper recommends returning to the core
jurisdictional principle -- foreseeability. Foreseeability in the targeting
context depends on three factors -- contracts, technology, and actual or
implied knowledge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3008 </DOCNO>
Phase Diagram of the Spin-Orbital model on the Square Lattice


  We study the phase diagram of the spin-orbital model in both the weak and
strong limits of the quartic spin-orbital exchange interaction. This allows us
to study quantum phase transitions in the model and to approach from both sides
the most interesting intermediate-coupling regime and in particular the
SU(4)-symmetric point of the Hamiltonian. It was suggested earlier by Li et al
[Phys.Rev.Lett. vol. 81, 3527 (1999)] that at this point the ground state of
the system is a plaquette spin-orbital liquid. We argue that the state is more
complex. There is plaquette order, but it is anisotropic: bonds in one
direction are stronger than those in the perpendicular direction. This order is
somewhat similar to that found recently in the frustrated J_1-J_2 Heisenberg
spin model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129662 </DOCNO>
ESO 603-G21: A strange polar-ring galaxy


  We present the results of B, V, R surface photometry of ESO603-G21 - a galaxy
with a possible polar ring. The morphological and photometric features of this
galaxy are discussed. The central round object of the galaxy is rather red and
presents a nearly exponential surface brightness distribution. This central
structure is surrounded by a blue warped ring or disk. The totality of the
observed characteristics (optical and NIR colors, strong color gradients, HI
and H_2 content, FIR luminosity and star-formation rate, rotation-curve shape,
global mass-to-luminosity ratio, the agreement with the Tully-Fisher relation,
etc.) shows that ESO603-G21 is similar to late-type spiral galaxies. We suppose
that morphological peculiarities and the possible existence of two large-scale
kinematically-decoupled subsystems in ESO603-G21 can be explained as being a
result of dissipative merging of two spiral galaxies or as a consequence of a
companion accretion onto a pre-existing spiral host.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7442 </DOCNO>
Collectivity of motion in undercooled liquids and amorphous solids


  The motion of the structure determining components is highly collective, both
in amorphous solids and in undercooled liquids. This has been deduced from
experimental low temperature data in the tunneling regime as well as from the
vanishing isotope effect in diffusion in glasses and undercooled liquids. In
molecular dynamics simulations of glasses one observes that both low frequency
resonant vibrations and atomic jumps are centered on more than 10 atoms which,
in densely packed materials, form chainlike structures. With increasing
temperature the number of atoms jumping collectively increases. These chains of
collectively jumping atoms are also seen in undercooled liquids. Collectivity
only vanishes at higher temperatures. This collectivity is intimately related
to the dynamic heterogeneity which causes a non-Gaussianity of the atomic
displacements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114103 </DOCNO>
Positronium scattering by atoms and molecules at low energies


  The recent theoretical and experimental activities in positronium (Ps)
scattering by atoms and molecules are reviewed with special emphasis at low
energies. We critically compare the results of different groups $-$ theoretical
and experimental. The theoretical approaches considered include the $R$-matrix
and close-coupling methods applied to Ps-H, Ps-He, and Ps-Li scattering, and a
coupled-channel approach with a nonlocal model-potential for Ps scattering by
H, He, H$_2$, Ne, Ar, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ps and for pickoff quenching in
Ps-He scattering. Results for scattering lengths, partial, total and
differential cross sections as well as resonance and binding energies in
different systems are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96142 </DOCNO>
A geometric filtration of links modulo knots: II. Comparison


  We continue the study of the equivalence relations introduced in the first
part. For finite k, it is shown that k-quasi-isotopy implies (k+1)-cobordism of
Cochran-Orr, leading to invariance of Cochran's derived invariants \beta^i,
i\le k. Furthermore, if two links are k-quasi-isotopic, they cannot be
distinguished by any finite type invariant of type \le k which is well-defined
up to PL isotopy, where type \le k invariants are to be understood either in
the usual sense or, more generally, in the sense of Kirk-Livingston (1997). In
particular any linear combination of the coefficients of the Conway polynomial
of an m-component link at the powers \le k+m-1, invariant under PL isotopy, is
invariant under k-quasi-isotopy. Next we show that the strong version of
k-quasi-isotopy, if extended for k an infinite ordinal number, coincides with
PL isotopy. We also observe a relation between weak 1-quasi-isotopy of
semi-contractible links and link homotopy of their Jin suspensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124257 </DOCNO>
X-ray Reflection By Photoionized Accretion Discs


  We present the results of reflection calculations that treat the relevant
physics with a minimum of assumptions. The temperature and ionization structure
of the top five Thomson depths of an illuminated disc are calculated while also
demanding that the atmosphere is in hydrostatic equilibrium. In agreement with
Nayakshin, Kazanas & Kallman, we find that there is a rapid transition from hot
to cold material in the illuminated layer. However, the transition is usually
not sharp so that often we find a small but finite region in Thomson depth
where there is a stable temperature zone at T \sim 2 x 10^{6} K due to
photoelectric heating from recombining ions. As a result, the reflection
spectra often exhibit strong features from partially-ionized material,
including helium-like Fe K lines and edges. We find that due to the highly
ionized features in the spectra these models have difficulty correctly
parameterizing the new reflection spectra. There is evidence for a spurious
$R-\Gamma$ correlation in the ASCA energy range, where $R$ is the reflection
fraction for a power-law continuum of index $\Gamma$, confirming the suggestion
of Done & Nayakshin that at least part of the R-Gamma correlation reported by
Zdziarski, Lubinski & Smith for Seyfert galaxies and X-ray binaries might be
due to ionization effects. Although many of the reflection spectra show strong
ionized features, these are not typically observed in most Seyfert and quasar
X-ray spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114204 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Resonance of Light in Fabry-Perot Cavities


  The dynamics of light in Fabry-Perot cavities with varying length and input
laser frequency are analyzed and the exact condition for resonance is derived.
This dynamic resonance depends on the light transit time in the cavity and the
Doppler effect due to the mirror motions. The response of the cavity to length
variations is very different from its response to laser frequency variations.
If the frequency of these variations is equal to multiples of the cavity free
spectral range, the response to length is maximized while the response to the
laser frequency is zero. Implications of these results for the detection of
gravitational waves using kilometer-scale Fabry-Perot cavities are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169053 </DOCNO>
Modified de Broglie-Bohm approach to quantum mechanics


  A modified de Broglie-Bohm (dBB) approach to quantum mechanics is presented.
In this new deterministic theory, which uses complex methods in an intermediate
step, the problem of zero velocity for bound states encountered in the dBB
formulation does not appear. Also this approach is equivalent to standard
quantum mechanics when averages of dynamical variables are taken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3366 </DOCNO>
The Metal-Insulator Transition of NbO2: an Embedded Peierls Instability


  Results of first principles augmented spherical wave electronic structure
calculations for niobium dioxide are presented. Both metallic rutile and
insulating low-temperature NbO2, which crystallizes in a distorted rutile
structure, are correctly described within density functional theory and the
local density approximation. Metallic conductivity is carried to equal amounts
by metal t_{2g} orbitals, which fall into the one-dimensional d_parallel band
and the isotropically dispersing e_{g}^{pi} bands. Hybridization of both types
of bands is almost negligible outside narrow rods along the line X--R. In the
low-temperature phase splitting of the d_parallel band due to metal-metal
dimerization as well as upshift of the e_{g}^{pi} bands due to increased p-d
overlap remove the Fermi surface and open an optical band gap of about 0.1 eV.
The metal-insulator transition arises as a Peierls instability of the
d_parallel band in an embedding background of e_{g}^{pi} electrons. This basic
mechanism should also apply to VO2, where, however, electronic correlations are
expected to play a greater role due to stronger localization of the 3d
electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129350 </DOCNO>
Oxygen and nitrogen abundances in Virgo and field spirals


  The oxygen and nitrogen abundances in the HII regions of the nine Virgo
spirals of the sample from Skillman et al (1996) and in nine field spiral
galaxies are re-determined with the recently suggested P - method. We confirm
that there is an abundance segregation in the sample of Virgo spirals in the
sense that the HI deficient Virgo spirals near the core of the cluster have
higher oxygen abundances in comparison to the spirals at the periphery of the
Virgo cluster. At the same time both the Virgo periphery and core spirals have
counterparts among field spirals. We conclude that if there is a difference in
the abundance properties of the Virgo and field spirals, this difference
appears to be small and masked by the observational errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41550 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric neutrino oscillations in MACRO


  In this paper we first give a short overview of the MACRO detector, which was
operational at the Gran Sasso Laboratory from 1989 till 2000. Then we present
and discuss the results on atmospheric neutrino oscillations, concerning medium
(~4 GeV) and high (~50 GeV) energy data. Using the Multiple Coulomb Scattering
of muons inside the lower part of the detector, estimates of neutrino energies
were made for the high energy sample. The MACRO data, angular distributions,
absolute flux and L/E_nu distributions favour nu_mu <--> nu_tau oscillations
with maximal mixing and Dm^2=2.5 x 10^-3 eV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83942 </DOCNO>
How to Commission, Operate and Maintain a Large Future Accelerator


  A study on future large accelerators [1] has considered a facility, which is
designed, built and operated by a worldwide collaboration of equal partner
institutions, and which is remote from most of these institutions. The full
range of operation was considered including commi-ssioning, machine
development, maintenance, trouble shooting and repair. Experience from existing
accele-rators confirms that most of these activities are already performed
'remotely'. The large high-energy physics ex-periments and astronomy projects,
already involve inter-national collaborations of distant institutions. Based on
this experience, the prospects for a machine operated remotely from far sites
are encouraging. Experts from each laboratory would remain at their home
institution but continue to participate in the operation of the machine after
construction. Experts are required to be on site only during initial
commissioning and for par-ticularly difficult problems. Repairs require an
on-site non-expert maintenance crew. Most of the interventions can be made
without an expert and many of the rest resolved with remote assistance. There
appears to be no technical obstacle to controlling an accelerator from a
distance. The major challenge is to solve the complex management and
communication problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1495 </DOCNO>
Phase Ordering Dynamics of $\phi^4$ Theory with Hamiltonian Equations of


  Phase ordering dynamics of the (2+1)- and (3+1)-dimensional $\phi^4$ theory
with Hamiltonian equations of motion is investigated numerically. Dynamic
scaling is confirmed. The dynamic exponent $z$ is different from that of the
Ising model with dynamics of model A, while the exponent $\lambda$ is the same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95893 </DOCNO>
Twists and spectral triples for isospectral deformations


  We construct explicitly the symmetries of the isospectral deformations as
twists of Lie algebras and demonstrate that they are isometries of the deformed
spectral triples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 733 </DOCNO>
Stripes due to the next-nearest neighbor exchange in high-Tc cuprates


  We propose a possible mechanism of the charge stripe order due to the
next-nearest neighbor exchange interaction J' in the two-dimensional t-J model,
based on the concept of the phase separation. We also calculate some hole
correlation functions of the finite cluster of the model using the numerical
diagonalization, to examine the realization of the mechanism. It is also found
that the next-nearest neighbor hopping t' suppresses the stripe order induced
by the present mechanism for t'<0, while it enhances for t'>0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76578 </DOCNO>
Correlations and Fluctuations(an Introductory Review)


  Far too often are multiparticle final states studied and models tested on
merely single-particle spectra and their integrals, the average multiplicities:
A multiparticle final state is a non-linear, complex system and the essential
information on the dynamics is contained in the particle correlations and their
integrals measuring the fluctuations!

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6918 </DOCNO>
Disorder Induced Quantum Phase Transition in Random-Exchange Spin-1/2


  We investigate the effect of quenched bond-disorder on the anisotropic
spin-1/2 (XXZ) chain as a model for disorder induced quantum phase transitions.
We find non-universal behavior of the average correlation functions for weak
disorder, followed by a quantum phase transition into a strongly disordered
phase with only short-range xy-correlations. We find no evidence for the
universal strong-disorder fixed point predicted by the real-space
renormalization group, suggesting a qualitatively different view of the
relationship between quantum fluctuations and disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149684 </DOCNO>
Stability and fluctuation modes of giant gravitons with NSNS B field


  We study the stability of the giant gravitons in the string theory background
with NSNS B field. We consider the perturbation of giant gravitons formed by a
probe D$(8-p)$ brane in the background generated by D$(p-2)$-D$(p)$ branes for
$2 \le p \le 5$. We use the quadratic approximation to the brane action to find
the equations of motion. For $p=5$, giant graviton configurations are stable
independent of the size of the brane. For $p \ne 5$, we calculated the range of
the size of the brane where they are stable. We also present the mode
frequencies explicitly for some special cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75542 </DOCNO>
Perturbative QCD Potential, Renormalon Cancellation and Phenomenological


  We examine the total energy E_tot(r) = 2 m_pole + V_QCD(r) of the b\bar b
system within perturbative QCD up to O(\alpha_S^3). We extend a previous
analysis by incorporating effects of the non-zero charm-quark mass in loops. We
find that, once the renormalon cancellation is performed, E_tot(r) agrees well
with typical phenomenological potentials for heavy quarkonia at distances 0.5
GeV^-1 ~< r ~< 3 GeV^-1. We also examine the perturbative predictions for
E_tot(r) of other heavy quarkonium systems. Whenever stable predictions are
obtained, they agree with each other up to an r-independent constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148460 </DOCNO>
A geometric basis for the standard-model gauge group


  A geometric approach to the standard model in terms of the Clifford algebra
Cl_7 is advanced. A key feature of the model is its use of an algebraic spinor
for one generation of leptons and quarks. Spinor transformations separate into
left-sided ("exterior") and right-sided ("interior") types. By definition,
Poincare transformations are exterior ones. We consider all rotations in the
seven-dimensional space that (1) conserve the spacetime components of the
particle and antiparticle currents and (2) do not couple the right-chiral
neutrino. These rotations comprise additional exterior transformations that
commute with the Poincare group and form the group SU(2)_L, interior ones that
constitute SU(3)_C, and a unique group of coupled double-sided rotations with
U(1)_Y symmetry. The spinor mediates a physical coupling of Poincare and
isotopic symmetries within the restrictions of the Coleman--Mandula theorem.
The four extra spacelike dimensions in the model form a basis for the Higgs
isodoublet field, whose symmetry requires the chirality of SU(2). The charge
assignments of both the fundamental fermions and the Higgs boson are produced
exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148175 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theories on Noncommutative Spaces with Nontrivial Topology:


  After discussing the peculiarities of quantum systems on noncommutative (NC)
spaces with non-trivial topology and the operator representation of the
$\star$-product on them, we consider the Aharonov-Bohm and Casimir effects for
such spaces. For the case of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, we have obtained an
explicit expression for the shift of the phase, which is gauge invariant in the
NC sense. The Casimir energy of a field theory on a NC cylinder is divergent,
while it becomes finite on a torus, when the dimensionless parameter of
noncommutativity is a rational number. The latter corresponds to a well-defined
physical picture. Certain distinctions from other treatments based on a
different way of taking the noncommutativity into account are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41838 </DOCNO>
Performance of Multipurpose Detectors in Super B Factories


  Based on background measurements at PEP II the impact of machine-related
backgrounds on individual components of multipurpose detectors is examined,
that operate in an asymmetric B factory at luminosities up to 10^{36} cm^{-2}
s^{-1}. Extrapolations of the BABAR experience suggests two feasible detector
designs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97019 </DOCNO>
Classification of finite simple Lie conformal superalgebras


  The notion of a Lie conformal superalgebra encodes an axiomatic descrption of
singular parts of the operator product expansions of chiral fields in conformal
field theory. In the paper we give a detailed proof of the classification of
all finite simple Lie conformal superalgebras. We also classify all their
central extensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7235 </DOCNO>
Power laws in a 2-leg ladder of interacting spinless fermions


  We use the Density-Matrix Renormalization Group to study the single-particle
and two-particle correlation functions of spinless fermions in the ground state
of a quarter-filled ladder. This ladder consists of two chains having an
in-chain extended Coulomb interaction reaching to third neighbor and coupled by
inter-chain hopping. Within our short numerical coherence lengths, typically
reaching ten to twenty sites, we find a strong renormalization of the
interchain hopping and the existence of a dimensional crossover at smaller
interactions. We also find power exponents for single-particle hopping and
interchain polarization consistent with the single chain. The total charge
correlation function has a larger power exponent and shows signs of a crossover
from incoherent fermion hopping to coherent particle-hole pair motion between
chains. There are no significant excitation energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76484 </DOCNO>
The description of multiplicity distributions in high energy


  The Multiplicity distributions in high energy $e^+e^-$-annihilation are
described within the Two Stage Model. It is shown that oscillations in sign of
the ratio of factorial cumulant momentum to the factorial momentum of
increasing order are confirmed. Parameters of parton stage and hadronization of
this model are analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86524 </DOCNO>
Inflationary spectra in generalized gravity: Unified forms


  The classical evolution and the quantum generation processes of the scalar-
and tensor-type cosmological perturbations in the context of a broad class of
generalized gravity theories are presented in unified forms. The exact forms of
final spectra of the two types of structures generated during a generalized
slow-roll inflation are derived. Results in generalized gravity are
characterized by two additional parameters which are the coupling between
gravity and field, and the nonminimal coupling in the kinetic part of the
field. Our general results include widely studied gravity theories and
inflation models as special cases, and show how the well known consistency
relation and spectra in ordinary Einstein gravity inflation models are affected
by the generalized nature of the gravity theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169363 </DOCNO>
From Quantum Cheating to Quantum Security


  For thousands of years, code-makers and code-breakers have been competing for
supremacy. Their arsenals may soon include a powerful new weapon: quantum
mechanics. We give an overview of quantum cryptology as of November 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95643 </DOCNO>
Badly approximable matrix functions and canonical factorizations


  We continue studying the problem of analytic approximation of matrix
functions. We introduce the notion of a partial canonical factorization of a
badly approximable matrix function $\Phi$ and the notion of a canonical
factorization of a very badly approximable matrix function $\Phi$. Such
factorizations are defined in terms of so-called balanced unitary-valued
functions which have many remarkable properties. Unlike the case of thematic
factorizations studied earlier in [PY1], [PY2], [PT], [AP1], the factors in
canonical factorizations (as well as partial canonical factorizations) are
uniquely determined by the matrix function $\Phi$ up to constant unitary
factors. We study many properties of canonical factorizations. In particular we
show that under certain natural assumptions on a function space $X$ the
condition $\Phi\in X$ implies that all factors in a canonical factorization of
$\Phi$ belong to the same space $X$. In the last section we characterize the
very badly approximable unitary-valued functions $U$ that satisfy the condition
$\|H_U\|_{\text e}<1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3166 </DOCNO>
Cooling rate dependence of the antiferromagnetic domain structure of a


  The low temperature phase of single crystals of Nd$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$
and Gd$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$ manganites is investigated by squid
magnetometry. Nd$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$ undergoes a charge-ordering
transition at $T_{CO}$=245K, and a long range CE-type antiferromagnetic state
is established at $T_N$=145K. The dc-magnetization shows a cooling rate
dependence below $T_N$, associated with a weak spontaneous moment. The
associated excess magnetization is related to uncompensated spins in the
 CE-type antiferromagnetic structure, and to the presence in this state of
fully orbital ordered regions separated by orbital domain walls. The observed
cooling rate dependence is interpreted to be a consequence of the rearrangement
of the orbital domain state induced by the large structural changes occurring
upon cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3659 </DOCNO>
The solid-liquid interfacial free energy of close-packed metals: hard


  Largely due to its role in nucleation and crystal-growth, the free energy of
the crystal-melt interfacial free energy is an object of considerable interest
across a number of scientific disciplines, especially in the materials-,
colloid- and atmospheric sciences. Over fifty years ago, Turnbull observed that
the interfacial free energies (scaled by the mean interfacial area per
particle) of a variety of metallic elements exhibit a linear correlation with
the enthalpy of fusion. This correlation provides an important empirical
"rule-of-thumb" for estimating interfacial free energies, but lacks a
compelling physical explanation. In this work we show that the interfacial free
energies for close-packed metals are linearly correlated with the melting
temperature, and are therefore primarily entropic in origin. We also show that
the slope of this linear relationship can be determined with quantitative
accuracy using a hard-sphere model, and that the correlation with the enthalpy
of fusion reported by Turnbull follows as a consequence of the fact that the
entropy of fusion for close-packed metals is relatively constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179506 </DOCNO>
Nuclear Anapole Moments


  Nuclear anapole moments are parity-odd, time-reversal-even E1 moments of the
electromagnetic current operator. Although the existence of this moment was
recognized theoretically soon after the discovery of parity nonconservation
(PNC), its experimental isolation was achieved only recently, when a new level
of precision was reached in a measurement of the hyperfine dependence of atomic
PNC in 133Cs. An important anapole moment bound in 205Tl also exists. In this
paper, we present the details of the first calculation of these anapole moments
in the framework commonly used in other studies of hadronic PNC, a meson
exchange potential that includes long-range pion exchange and enough degrees of
freedom to describe the five independent $S-P$ amplitudes induced by
short-range interactions. The resulting contributions of pi-, rho-, and
omega-exchange to the single-nucleon anapole moment, to parity admixtures in
the nuclear ground state, and to PNC exchange currents are evaluated, using
configuration-mixed shell-model wave functions. The experimental anapole moment
constraints on the PNC meson-nucleon coupling constants are derived and
compared with those from other tests of the hadronic weak interaction. While
the bounds obtained from the anapole moment results are consistent with the
broad ``reasonable ranges'' defined by theory, they are not in good agreement
with the constraints from the other experiments. We explore possible
explanations for the discrepancy and comment on the potential importance of new
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85890 </DOCNO>
Magnetic effects on the viscous boundary layer damping of the r-modes in


  This paper explores the effects that magnetic fields have on the viscous
boundary layers (VBLs) that can form in neutron stars at the crust-core
interface, and it investigates the VBL damping of the gravitational-radiation
driven r-mode instability. Approximate solutions to the magnetohydrodynamic
equations valid in the VBL are found for ordinary-fluid neutron stars. It is
shown that magnetic fields above 10^9 Gauss significantly change the structure
of the VBL, and that magnetic fields decrease the VBL damping time.
Furthermore, VBL damping completely suppresses the r-mode instability for B >=
10^{12} Gauss. Thus, magnetic fields will profoundly affect the VBL damping of
the r-mode instability in hot young pulsars (that are cool enough to have
formed a solid crust). One can speculate that magnetic fields can affect the
VBL damping of this instability in LMXBs and other cold old pulsars (if they
have sufficiently large internal fields).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5694 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic solutions to the Gross-Pitaevskii gain equation: growth of a


  We give an asymptotic analytic solution for the generic atom-laser system
with gain in a $D$-dimensional trap, and show that this has a non-Thomas-Fermi
behavior. The effect is due to Bose-enhanced condensate growth, which creates a
local density maximum and a corresponding outward momentum component. In
addition, the solution predicts amplified center-of-mass oscillations, leading
to enhanced center-of-mass temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97059 </DOCNO>
A rationality conjecture about Kontsevich integral of knots and its


  We formulate a conjecture (already proven by A. Kricker) about the structure
of Kontsevich integral of a knot. We describe its value in terms of the
generating functions for the numbers of external edges attached to closed
3-valent diagrams. We conjecture that these functions are rational functions of
the exponentials of their arguments, their denominators being the powers of the
Alexander-Conway polynomial. This conjecture implies the existence of an
expansion of a colored Jones (HOMFLY) polynomial in powers of q-1 whose
coefficients are rational functions of q^color. We show how to derive the first
Kontsevich integral polynomial associated to the theta-graph from the rational
expansion of the colored SU(3) Jones polynomial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169187 </DOCNO>
On the role of coherent attacks in a type of strategic problem related


  We consider a strategic problem of the Evesdropping to quantum key
distribution. Evesdropper hopes to obtain the maxium information given the
disturbance to the qubits is often For this strategy, the optimized individual
attack have been extensively constructed under various conditions. However, it
seems a difficult task in the case of coherent attack, i.e., Eve may treat a
number of intercepted qubits collectively, including the collective unitary
transformations and the measurements. It was conjectured by Cirac and Gisin
that no coherent attack can be more powerful for this strategy for BB84
protocol. In this paper we give a general conclusion on the role of coherent
attacks for the strategy of maxmizing the information given the disturbance.
Suppose in a quantum key distribution(QKD) protocol, all the transmitted bits
from Alice are independent and only the individual disturbances to each qubits
are examined by Alice and Bob. For this type of protocols(so far almost all QKD
protocols belong to this type), in principle no coherent attack is more
powerful than the product of optimized individual attack to each individual
qubits. All coherent attacks to the above QKD protocols can be disregarded for
the strategy above.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76307 </DOCNO>
Majorana Neutrinos, CP-Violation, Neutrinoless Double-Beta and


  If the present or upcoming searches for neutrinoless double beta decay give a
positive result, the Majorana nature of massive neutrinos will be established.
  From the determination of the value of the effective Majorana mass parameter
|<m>|, it would be possible to obtain information on the type of neutrino mass
spectrum. Assuming 3-neutrino mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos, we discuss
the information a measurement of, or an upper bound on, |<m>| can provide on
the value of the lightest neutrino mass m1. With additional data on the
neutrino masses obtained in tritium beta decay experiments, it might be
possible to establish whether the CP-symmetry is violated in the lepton sector.
This would require very high precision measurements. If CP-invariance holds,
the allowed patterns of the relative CP-parities of the massive Majorana
neutrinos would be determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174754 </DOCNO>
Fragment Isospin as a Probe of Heavy-Ion Collisions


  Isotope ratios of fragments produced at mid-rapidity in peripheral and
central collisions of 114Cd ions with 92Mo and 98Mo target nuclei at E/A = 50
MeV are compared. Neutron-rich isotopes are preferentially produced in central
collisions as compared to peripheral collisions. The influence of the size (A),
density, N/Z, E*/A, and Eflow/A of the emitting source on the measured isotope
ratios was explored by comparison with a statistical model (SMM). The
mid-rapidity region associated with peripheral collisions does not appear to be
neutron-enriched relative to central collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73912 </DOCNO>
Remarkable Mass Relations in the Electroweak Model


  In the electroweak standard model we observe two remarkable empirical mass
relations, m_W + m_B = v/2 and m_W - m_B = e v/2 where m^2_Z = m^2_W + m^2_B, e
is the positron electric charge and v, the strength of the Higgs condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97247 </DOCNO>
Modelling of Beam-Beam Effects in Multiscales


  We present the applications of nonlinear local harmonic analysis methods to
the modelling of beam-beam interaction. Our approach is based on methods
provided the possibility to work with dynamical beam localization in phase
space. The consideration of Fokker-Planck or Vlasov-Maxwell models is based on
a number of anzatzes, which reduce initial problems to a number of dynamical
systems (with constraints) and on variational-wavelet approach to
polynomial/rational approximations for reduced nonlinear dynamics. We calculate
contribution to full dynamics (partition function) from all underlying
subscales via nonlinear eigenmodes decomposition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149883 </DOCNO>
Deformation Quantization and Quantum Field Theory on Curved Spaces: the


  We study the scalar quantum field theory on a generic noncommutative
two-sphere as a special case of noncommutative curved space, which is described
by the deformation quantization algebra obtained from symplectic reduction and
parametrized by $H^2(S^2, \QR)$. The fuzzy sphere is included as a special case
parametrized by the integer two-cohomology class $H^2(S^2, \QZ)$, which has
finite number of degrees of freedom and the field theory has a well defined
Hilbert space. When the two-cohomology class is not integer valued, the scalar
quantum field theory based on the deformation algebra is not unitary: the
signature of the inner product on the space of functions is indefinite. Hence
the existence of deformation quantization does not guarantee a physically
acceptable deformed geometric background. For the deformation quantization on a
general curved space, this obstruction of unitarity can be given by an explicit
topological formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96876 </DOCNO>
Graded Lagrangians, exotic topological D-branes and enhanced


  I point out that (BPS saturated) A-type D-branes in superstring
compactifications on Calabi-Yau threefolds correspond to {\em graded} special
Lagrangian submanifolds, a particular case of the graded Lagrangian
submanifolds considered by M. Kontsevich and P. Seidel. Combining this with the
categorical formulation of cubic string field theory in the presence of
D-branes, I consider a collection of {\em topological} D-branes wrapped over
the same Lagrangian cycle and {\em derive} its string field action from first
principles. The result is a {\em $\Z$-graded} version of super-Chern-Simons
field theory living on the Lagrangian cycle, whose relevant string field is a
degree one superconnection in a $\Z$-graded superbundle, in the sense
previously considered in mathematical work of J. M. Bismutt and J. Lott. This
gives a refined (and modified) version of a proposal previously made by C.
Vafa. I analyze the vacuum deformations of this theory and relate them to
topological D-brane composite formation, by using the general formalism
developed in a previous paper. This allows me to identify a large class of
topological D-brane composites (generalized, or `exotic' topological D-branes)
which do not admit a traditional description. Among these are objects which
correspond to the `covariantly constant sequences of flat bundles' considered
by Bismut and Lott, as well as more general structures, which are related to
the enhanced triangulated categories of Bondal and Kapranov. I also give a
rough sketch of the relation between this construction and the large radius
limit of a certain version of the `derived category of Fukaya's category'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75386 </DOCNO>
Light Goldstone boson and domain walls in the $K^0$-condensed phase of


  It is pointed out that $K^0$ condensation in high density matter gives rise
to an extremely light Goldstone boson whose mass comes entirely from weak
interactions. This implies the existence of metastable non-topological domain
walls with a long lifetime. We comment on the mass of the superfluid mode if
baryon number is violated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128647 </DOCNO>
Theories of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  The gamma ray burst phenomenon is reviewed from a theoretical point of view,
with emphasis on the fireball shock scenario of the prompt emission and the
longer wavelenght afterglow. Recent progress and issues are discussed,
including spectral-temporal evolution, localizations, jets, spectral lines,
environmental and cosmological aspects, as well as some prospects for future
experiments in both electromagnetic and non-electromagnetic channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86119 </DOCNO>
Testing gravitomagnetism on the Earth


  The paper contains a proposed experiment for testing the gravitomagnetic
effect on the propagation of light around a rotating mass. The idea is to use a
rotating spherical laboratory-scale shell, around which two mutually orthogonal
lightguides are wound acting as the arms of an interferometer. Numerical
estimates show that time of flight differences between the equatorial and polar
guides could be in the order of $\sim 10^{-20}$ s, actually detectable with
sensitivity perfectly comparable with those expected in gravitational wave
detection experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4379 </DOCNO>
Atom laser divergence


  We measure the angular divergence of a quasi-continuous, rf-outcoupled,
free-falling atom laser as a function of the outcoupling frequency. The data is
compared to a Gaussian-beam model of laser propagation that generalizes the
standard formalism of photonic lasers. Our treatment includes diffraction,
magnetic lensing, and interaction between the atom laser and the condensate. We
find that the dominant source of divergence is the condensate-laser
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83670 </DOCNO>
Historical Dynamics of Lexical System as Random Walk Process


  It is offered to consider word meanings changes in diachrony as
semicontinuous random walk with reflecting and swallowing screens. The basic
characteristics of word life cycle are defined. Verification of the model has
been realized on the data of Russian words distribution on various age periods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5663 </DOCNO>
Low symmetry phases in piezoelectric systems: PZN-xPT single crystal and


  In this review we address some of the experimental challenges found in the
x-ray diffraction characterization of the low-symmetry phases recently
discovered in the PZT, PZN-PT and PMN-PT piezoelectric systems around their
morphotropic phase boundaries. In particular, we discuss the need for special
care in the preparation of powder samples made from single crystals in order to
avoid degradation and peak-broadening effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96612 </DOCNO>
Resolution of Stringy Singularities by Non-commutative Algebras


  In this paper we propose a unified approach to (topological) string theory on
certain singular spaces in their large volume limit. The approach exploits the
non-commutative structure of D-branes, so the space is described by an
algebraic geometry of non-commutative rings. The paper is devoted to the study
of examples of these algebras. In our study there is an auxiliary commutative
algebraic geometry of the center of the (local) algebras which plays an
important role as the target space geometry where closed strings propagate. The
singularities that are resolved will be the singularities of this auxiliary
geometry. The singularities are resolved by the non-commutative algebra if the
local non-commutative rings are regular. This definition guarantees that
D-branes have a well defined K-theory class. Homological functors also play an
important role. They describe the intersection theory of D-branes and lead to a
formal definition of local quivers at singularities, which can be computed
explicitly for many types of singularities. These results can be interpreted in
terms of the derived category of coherent sheaves over the non-commutative
rings, giving a non-commutative version of recent work by M. Douglas. We also
describe global features like the Betti numbers of compact singular Calabi-Yau
threefolds via global holomorphic sections of cyclic homology classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83786 </DOCNO>
Bipartite graph partitioning and data clustering


  Many data types arising from data mining applications can be modeled as
bipartite graphs, examples include terms and documents in a text corpus,
customers and purchasing items in market basket analysis and reviewers and
movies in a movie recommender system. In this paper, we propose a new data
clustering method based on partitioning the underlying bipartite graph. The
partition is constructed by minimizing a normalized sum of edge weights between
unmatched pairs of vertices of the bipartite graph. We show that an approximate
solution to the minimization problem can be obtained by computing a partial
singular value decomposition (SVD) of the associated edge weight matrix of the
bipartite graph. We point out the connection of our clustering algorithm to
correspondence analysis used in multivariate analysis. We also briefly discuss
the issue of assigning data objects to multiple clusters. In the experimental
results, we apply our clustering algorithm to the problem of document
clustering to illustrate its effectiveness and efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 800 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity of MgB2: Covalent Bonds Driven Metallic


  A series of calculations on MgB2 and related isoelectronic systems indicates
that the layer of Mg(2+) ions lowers the non-bonding B "pi" (p_z) bands
relative to the bonding "sigma" (sp_xp_y) bands compared to graphite, causing
sigma --> pi charge transfer and sigma band doping of 0.13 holes/cell. Due to
their two dimensionality the sigma bands contribute strongly to the Fermi level
density of states. Calculated deformation potentials of Gamma point phonons
identify the B bond stretching modes as dominating the electron-phonon
coupling. Superconductivity driven by sigma band holes is consistent with the
report of destruction of superconductivity by doping with Al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4065 </DOCNO>
From the Fermi Liquid Towards the Wigner Solid in Two Dimensions


  The quantum-classical crossover from the Fermi liquid towards the Wigner
solid is numerically revisited, considering small square lattice models where
electrons interact via a Coulomb U/r potential. We review a series of exact
numerical results obtained in the presence of weak site disorder for fully
polarized electrons (spinless fermions) and when the spin degrees of freedom
are included. A novel intermediate regime between the Fermi system of weakly
interacting localized particles and the correlated Wigner solid is obtained. A
detailed analysis of the non disordered case shows that the intermediate ground
state is a solid entangled with an excited liquid. For electrons in two
dimensions, this raises the question of the existence of an unnoticed
intermediate liquid-solid phase. Using the Coulomb energy to kinetic energy
ratio r_s ~ U ~ n_s^{-1/2}, we discuss certain analogies between the numerical
results obtained as a function of U for a few particles and the low temperature
behaviors obtained as a function of the carrier density n_s in two dimensional
electron gases. Notably, the new ``exotic state of matter'' numerically
observed at low energies in small clusters occurs at the same intermediate
ratios r_s than the unexpected low temperature metallic behavior characterizing
dilute electron gases. The finite size effects in the limit of strong disorder
are eventually studied in the last section, providing two numerical evidences
that the weak coupling Fermi limit is delimited by a second order quantum phase
transition when one increases U.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86687 </DOCNO>
Frequency and Wavelength of Light for Relativistically Rotating Frames


  Non-time-orthogonal frame analysis is used to determine the frequency and
wavelength of light as observed i) in a relativistically rotating frame when
emission is from a source fixed in the non-rotating frame and ii) in a
non-rotating frame when emission is from a source fixed in the rotating frame.
Appropriate Doppler effects are demonstrated, though second order differences
from traditional time-orthogonal frame analysis are noted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123527 </DOCNO>
Stellar Associations and their Field East of LMC 4 in the Large


  We report about the stellar content and the luminosity and mass functions of
three stellar associations and their field located on the north-east edge of
the super-bubble LMC 4 in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123462 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared Source Counts and the Diffuse Infrared Background


  The cosmic far-infrared background is now well measured from 140 micron to 1
mm. Uncertainties remain at 100 micron (and even more at 60 micron). These are
dominated by limitations of the zodiacal model. The nature of sources
dominating the background near its maximum are beginning to be studied through
deep surveys carried out with ISOPHOT. These surveys show very steep number
counts and fluctuations of the background due to unresolved sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149103 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetic Extension of the Non-Abelian Scalar-Tensor Duality


  The field theory dual to the Freedman-Townsend model of a non-Abelian
anti-symmetric tensor field is a nonlinear sigma model on the group manifold G.
This can be extended to the duality between the Freedman-Townsend model coupled
to Yang-Mills fields and a nonlinear sigma model on a coset space G/H. We
present the supersymmetric extension of this duality, and find that the target
space of this nonlinear sigma model is a complex coset space, GC/HC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123586 </DOCNO>
Detection of Earth-like Planets Using Apodized Telescopes


  The mission of NASA's Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) is to find Earth-like
planets orbiting other stars and characterize the atmospheres of these planets
using spectroscopy. Because of the enormous brightness ratio between the star
and the reflected light from the planet, techniques must be found to reduce the
brightness of the star. The current favorite approach to doing this is with
interferometry: interfering the light from two or more separated telescopes
with a $\pi$ phase shift, nulling out the starlight. While this technique can,
in principle, achieve the required dynamic range, building a space
interferometer that has the necessary characteristics poses immense technical
difficulties. In this paper, we suggest a much simpler approach to achieving
the required dynamic range. By simply adjusting the transmissive shape of a
telescope aperture, the intensity in large regions around the stellar image can
be reduced nearly to zero. This approach could lead to construction of a TPF
using conventional technologies, requiring space optics on a much smaller scale
than the current TPF approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83853 </DOCNO>
Universal service, specific services on generic networks, some logic


  It has proved to be difficult to translate the lessons from the literature on
universal service into the policy framework because of political interests and
regulatory capture. Neither the USA or Europe has made a very good job of
devising a clean framework and the WTO agreement is sparing in this area. A
number of pressures in the European context have enabled a more systematic
approach to emerge, that exploits the academic work. They include the need for
the European regulatory framework to encompass E. European countries where
network development and income levels are much lower, the desire to encompass
Internet within the universal service regulatory framework, a willingness to
design a framework that covers all communications networks and remove the
telecommunications bias, thereby forcing issues of economic neutrality to the
fore. The paper systematically goes through a number of key areas and
principles of regulation and how they are being designed to deal with a range
of national situations. They include, defining the scope of universal service
and the principles by which it might be modified in the light of technological
and economic developments; incorporating latitude for intervention outside this
defined scope, defining incentive and designation methods to encourage the
efficient supply of elements of universal service obligations, interpreting
affordability in the context of price and income levels that diverge
considerably, requiring both allocative efficiency and competitive neutrality,
formulating alternative financing methods including general government
financing and value added tax type methods which can co-exist and provide
comparative policy yardsticks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128401 </DOCNO>
Photometric validation of a model independent procedure to extract


  By means of CCD photometry in three bands (Gunn g, r, i) we investigate the
existence of 12 candidate clusters extracted via a model independent peak
finding algorithm (\cite{memsait}) from DPOSS data. The derived color-magnitude
diagrams allow us to confirm the physical nature of 9 of the cluster
candidates, and to estimate their photometric redshifts. Of the other
candidates, one is a fortuitous detection of a true cluster at z~0.4, one is a
false detection and the last is undecidable on the basis of the available data.
The accuracy of the photometric redshifts is tested on an additional sample of
8 clusters with known spectroscopic redshifts. Photometric redshifts turn out
to be accurate within z~0.01 (interquartile range).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86471 </DOCNO>
Cosmic strings and strings in gravitational waves


  We consider strings with the Nambu action as extremal surfaces in a given
space-time, thus, we ignore their back reaction. Especially, we look for
strings sharing one symmetry with the underlying space-time. If this is a
non-null symmetry, the problem of determining the motion of the string can be
dimensionally reduced. We get exact solutions for the following cases: straight
and circle-like strings in a Friedmann background, straight strings in an
anisotropic Kasner background, different types of strings in the metric of a
gravitational wave. The solutions will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96903 </DOCNO>
On the kinkiness of closed braids


  In this note, we prove a lower bound for the positive kinkiness of a closed
braid which we then use to derive an estimate for the positive kinkiness of a
link in terms of its Seifert system. As an application, we show that certain
pretzel knots cannot be unknotted using only positive crossing changes. We also
describe a subgroup of infinite rank in the smooth knot concordance group of
which no element has a strongly quasipositive representative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127239 </DOCNO>
Compound gravitational lensing as a probe of dark matter substructure


  We show how observations of multiply-imaged quasars at high redshift can be
used as a probe of dark matter clumps (subhalos with masses ~ 10^9 solar
masses) within the virialized extent of more massive lensing halos. A large
abundance of such satellites is predicted by numerical simulations of galaxy
formation in cold dark matter (CDM) cosmogonies. Small-scale structure within
galaxy halos affects the flux ratios of the images without appreciably changing
their positions. We use numerical simulations to quantify the effect of dark
matter substructure on the distribution of magnifications, and find that the
magnification ratio of a typical image pair will deviate significantly from the
value predicted by a smooth lensing potential if, near the Einstein radius,
only a few percent of the lens surface density is contained in subhalos. The
angular size of the continuum source dictates the range of subclump masses that
can have a detectable effect: to avoid confusion with gravitational
microlensing caused by stars in the lens galaxy, the background source must be
larger than the optical continuum-emitting region of a QSO. We also find that
substructure will cause distortions to images on milli-arcsecond scales and
bias the distribution of QSO magnification ratios -- two other possible methods
of detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148787 </DOCNO>
Doubletons and 5D Higher Spin Gauge Theory


  We use Grassmann even spinor oscillators to construct a bosonic higher spin
extension hs(2,2) of the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter algebra SU(2,2), and
show that the gauging of hs(2,2) gives rise to a spectrum S of physical
massless fields with spin s=0,2,4,... that is a UIR of hs(2,2). In addition to
a master gauge field which contains the massless s=2,4,.. fields, we construct
a scalar master field containing the massless s=0 field, the generalized Weyl
tensors and their derivatives. We give the appropriate linearized constraint on
this master scalar field, which together with a linearized curvature constraint
produces the correct linearized field equations. A crucial step in the
construction of the theory is the identification of a central generator K which
is eliminated by means of a coset construction. Its charge vanishes in the
spectrum S, which is the symmetric product of two spin zero doubletons. We
expect our results to pave the way for constructing an interacting theory whose
curvature expansion is dual to a CFT based on higher spin currents formed out
of free doubletons in the large N limit. Thus, extending a recent proposal of
Sundborg (hep-th/0103247), we conjecture that the hs(2,2) gauge theory
describes a truncation of the bosonic massless sector of tensionless
 Type IIB string theory on AdS_5 x S^5 for large N. This implies AdS/CFT
correspondence in a parameter regime where both boundary and bulk theories are
perturbative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97571 </DOCNO>
Infinity-Inner-Products on A-Infinity-Algebras


  In this paper the Hochschild-cochain-complex of an A-infinity-algebra A with
values in an A-infinity-bimodule M over A and maps between them is defined.
Then, an infinity-inner-product on A is defined to be an
A-infinity-bimodule-map between A and its dual A*. There is a graph-complex
associated to A-infinity-algebras with infinity-inner-product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124476 </DOCNO>
Center of Light Curves for Whitney Fold and Cusp


  The generic, qualitative, local behavior of center-of-light curves near folds
and cusps are studied. The results apply to any finite number of lens planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113945 </DOCNO>
Magic number behavior for heat capacities of medium sized classical


  Monte Carlo methods were used to calculate heat capacities as functions of
temperature for classical atomic clusters of aggregate sizes $25 \leq N \leq
60$ that were bound by pairwise Lennard-Jones potentials. The parallel
tempering method was used to overcome convergence difficulties due to
quasiergodicity in the solid-liquid phase-change regions. All of the clusters
studied had pronounced peaks in their heat capacity curves, most of which
corresponded to their solid-liquid phase-change regions. The heat capacity peak
height and location exhibited two general trends as functions of cluster size:
for $N = 25$ to 36, the peak temperature slowly increased, while the peak
height slowly decreased, disappearing by $N = 37$; for $N = 30$, a very small
secondary peak at very low temperature emerged and quickly increased in size
and temperature as $N$ increased, becoming the dominant peak by $N = 36$.
Superimposed on these general trends were smaller fluctuations in the peak
heights that corresponded to ``magic number'' behavior, with local maxima found
at $N = 36, 39, 43, 46$ and 49, and the largest peak found at $N = 55$. These
magic numbers were a subset of the magic numbers found for other cluster
properties, and can be largely understood in terms of the clusters' underlying
geometries. Further insights into the melting behavior of these clusters were
obtained from quench studies and by examining rms bond length fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98296 </DOCNO>
Norm One Projections in Banach Spaces


  This is the survey of results about norm one projections and 1-complemented
subspaces in K\"othe function spaces and Banach sequence spaces. The historical
development of the theory is presented from the 1930's to the newest ideas.
Proofs of the main results are outlined. Open problems are also discussed.
Every effort has been made to include as complete a bibliography as possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74146 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass Spectra, CP-Violation and Neutrinoless Double Beta-Decay


  Assuming 3-neutrino mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos, we present some
implications of the neutrino oscillation solutions of the solar and atmospheric
neutrino problems and the results of the CHOOZ experiment for the predictions
of the neutrinoless double-beta decay rate. If the present or upcoming searches
of neutrinoless double-beta decay give a positive result, the Majorana nature
of massive neutrinos will be established. From the determination of the value
of the effective Majorana mass, it would be possible to obtain information on
the neutrino mass spectrum. With additional information on the absolute value
of neutrino masses, it might be possible to infer if CP-parity is violated in
the lepton sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128650 </DOCNO>
Clues about the Star Formation History of the M31 Disk from WFPC2


  Over the past several years, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has acquired
many broad-band images of various regions in the M31 disk. I have obtained 27
such fields from the HST data archive in order to produce color-magnitude
diagrams (CMDs) of the stellar populations contained within these areas of the
disk. I have attempted to reproduce these CMDs using theoretical stellar
evolution models in conjunction with statistical tools for determining the star
formation history which best fits the observations. The wide range of
extinction values within any given field makes the data difficult to accurately
reproduce; nevertheless, I have managed to find star formation histories which
roughly reproduce the data. These statistically determined star formation
histories reveal that, like the disk of the Galaxy, the disk of M31 contains
very few old metal-poor stars. The histories also suggest that the star
formation rate of the disk as a whole has been low over the past ~1 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128713 </DOCNO>
Clustering properties and gravitational lensing of forming spheroidal


  We show that the predictions of the recent physical model by Granato et al.
(2001) are fully consistent with the available estimates of the clustering
properties of galaxies at (sub)-mm wavelengths. The model is then exploited to
compute the expected power spectrum of fluctuations due to clustering at the
frequencies of the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) of ESA's {\sc Planck}
satellite. The clustering signal is found to be detectable in regions of low
interstellar dust emission. A further distinctive prediction of the adopted
model is a remarkably high fraction of gravitationally lensed sources at bright
mm/sub-mm fluxes. In fact, according to the adopted model, only thanks to
gravitational lensing, a significant number of high-$z$ forming spheroidal
galaxies will be detectable by large area, shallow surveys at mm/sub-mm
wavelengths, such as those carried out by P{\sc lanck}/HFI. Allowing for other
source populations, we find that the fraction of gravitationally lensed sources
at bright mm/sub-mm fluxes is expected to be up to $\simeq 40%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127236 </DOCNO>
Structural Properties of Massive Young Clusters


  We have retrieved multicolor WFPC2/HST data from the STScI archive for 27
nearby Massive (>= 3x10^4 M_Sun) Young (< 20 Myr) star Clusters (MYCs). The
data represents the most-complete-to-date sample of clearly resolved MYCs. We
have analyzed their structural properties and have found that they can be
classified as either Super Star Clusters (SSCs) or as Scaled OB Associations
(SOBAs). SSCs have a compact core possibly surrounded by a halo while SOBAs
have no core. A morphological sequence can be established from SSCs with weak
halos to SSCs with strong halos to SOBAs and we propose that this is linked to
the original mass distribution of the parent giant molecular clouds. Our
results indicate that a significant fraction of the stars in MYCs dissipate on
timescales of 10 Gyr or less due to the extended character of some of the
clusters. Also, SSCs with ages < 7 Myr have smaller cores on average than those
with ages > 7 Myr, confirming predictions of numerical simulations with mass
loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149453 </DOCNO>
Generalized BF Theory in Superspace as Underlying Theory of 11D


  We construct a generalized BF theory in superspace that can embed
eleven-dimensional supergravity theory. Our topological BF theory can
accommodate all the necessary Bianchi identities for teleparallel superspace
supergravity in eleven-dimensions, as the simplest but nontrivial solutions to
superfield equations for our superspace action. This indicates that our theory
may have solutions other than eleven-dimensional supergravity, accommodating
generalized theories of eleven-dimensional supergravity. Therefore our
topological theory can be a good candidate for the low energy limit of
M-theory, as an underlying fundamental theory providing a `missing link'
between eleven-dimensional supergravity and M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124880 </DOCNO>
Funnel Flows from Disks to Magnetized Stars


  This work considers flows from an accretion disk corotating with the aligned
dipole magnetic field of a rotating star. Ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is
assumed with the pressure and density related as $p \propto \rho^\gamma$ and
with $\rho {\bf v}^2 \ll {\bf B}^2/4\pi$, where ${\bf v}$ is the flow velocity.
This limit corresponds to the Alfv\'en radius for the disk accretion larger
than the corotation radius. Transonic flows, which go from subsonic motion near
the disk to supersonic inflow near the star, are shown to be possible only for
a narrow range of $R_d \sim r_c \equiv (GM/\Omega^2)^{1/3}$, where $R_d$ is the
radius at which the dipole field line intersects the disk, $r_c$ the corotation
radius, $M$ the mass of the star, and $\Omega$ its angular rotation rate. The
transonic flows have very different behaviors for $\gamma > 7/5$ and $< 7/5$.
In both cases, the plasma flow velocity ${\bf v}$ (which is parallel to ${\bf
B}$) increases with decreasing distance $R$ from the star. However, for $\gamma
>7/5$, the Mach number ${\cal M} \equiv |{\bf v}|/c_s$ (with $c_s$ the sound
speed) initially increases with $R$ decreasing from $R_d$, but for $R$
decreasing from $\approx 0.22 R_d$ (for $\gamma=5/3$)the Mach number
surprisingly {\it decreases}. In the other limit, $\gamma < 7/5$, ${\cal M}$
increases monotonically with decreasing $R$. Application of these results is
made to funnel flows to rotating magnetized neutron stars and young stellar
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95685 </DOCNO>
Higgs Bundles and Four Manifolds


  It is known that the Seiberg-Witten invariants, derived from supersymmetric
Yang-Mill theories in four-dimensions, do not distinguish smooth structure of
certain non-simply-connected four manifolds. We propose generalizations of
Donaldson-Witten and Vafa-Witten theories on a K\"{a}hler manifold based on
Higgs Bundles. We showed, in particular, that the partition function of our
generalized Vafa-Witten theory can be written as the sum of contributions our
generalized Donaldson-Witten invariants and generalized Seiberg-Witten
invariants. The resulting generalized Seiberg-Witten invariants might have,
conjecturally, information on smooth structure beyond the original
Seiberg-Witten invariants for non-simply-connected case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81226 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics with 2+1 and 3 Flavors of Improved Staggered Quarks


  We present preliminary results from exploring the phase diagram of finite
temperature QCD with three degenerate flavors and with two light flavors and
the mass of the third held approximately at the strange quark mass. We use an
order $\alpha_s^2 a^2, a^4$ Symanzik improved gauge action and an order
$\alpha_s a^2, a^4$ improved staggered quark action. The improved staggered
action leads to a dispersion relation with diminished lattice artifacts, and
hence better thermodynamic properties. It decreases the flavor symmetry
breaking of staggered quarks substantially, and we estimate that at the
transition temperature for an $N_t=8$ to $N_t=10$ lattice {\em all} pions will
be lighter than the lightest kaon. Preliminary results on lattices with
$N_t=4$, 6 and 8 are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126686 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the radial mass distribution of dark matter halos from


  Stars have mass; halos lack cusps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148600 </DOCNO>
The origin of quantum mechanics and time from incomplete classical


  We formulate incomplete classical statistics for situations where only
incomplete local information about the probability distribution is available.
The simple question about translation invariance of expectation values in a
local interval leads, surprisingly, to the discreteness characteristic for
quantum mechanics. We show that the quantum mechanical concepts of states and
operators arise naturally from the question how expectation values of local
observables can be computed in incomplete statistics. The notions of evolution
and time are related to the translation of the available information between
neighboring local regions. The complex structure of quantum mechanics, the
superposition of states and the interference effects characteristic for quantum
statistics find a simple origin. This suggests the emergence of quantum
mechanics from classical statistics with infinitely many degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41616 </DOCNO>
Experimental Tests of the Standard Model


  The current status of experimental tests of the electroweak sector of the
Standard Model is reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74044 </DOCNO>
Screened Potential of a Moving Meson In a Quark Gluon plasma


  We consider the quark antiquark potential of a quarkonium moving with
velocity $v$ through a quark-gluon plasma at temperature T. An explicit,
configuration-space expression is found for the screened interaction between
the quarks constituting the meson. This potential is non-spherical, but axially
symmetric about the direction of $v$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76977 </DOCNO>
Diffractive D_s production in charged current DIS


  We present a perturbative QCD calculation of diffractive $D_s$ production in
charged current deep inelastic scattering. In the two-gluon exchange model, we
analyze the diffractive process $\nu N \to \mu^- N \Ds$, which may provide
useful information for the gluon structure of nucleons and the diffraction
mechanism in QCD. The cross section of diffractive $D_s$ production with
$\xBj=0.005$-0.05 and $E_\nu=50$ Gev is found to be $2.7\times10^{-5}$ pb. In
spite of this small cross section, the high luminosity available at the
$\nu$-Factory in the future would lead to a sizable number of diffraction
events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76992 </DOCNO>
Mass-Induced Crystalline Color Superconductivity


  We demonstrate that crystalline color superconductivity may arise as a result
of pairing between massless quarks and quarks with nonzero mass m_s. Previous
analyses of this phase of cold dense quark matter have all utilized a chemical
potential difference \delta\mu to favor crystalline color superconductivity
over ordinary BCS pairing. In any context in which crystalline color
superconductivity occurs in nature, however, it will be m_s-induced. The effect
of m_s is qualitatively different from that of \delta\mu in one crucial
respect: m_s depresses the value of the BCS gap \Delta_0 whereas \delta\mu
leaves \Delta_0 unchanged. This effect in the BCS phase must be taken into
account before m_s-induced and \delta\mu-induced crystalline color
superconductivity can sensibly be compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114121 </DOCNO>
Wannier threshold law for two electron escape in the presence of an


  We consider double ionization of atoms or ions by electron impact in the
presence of a static electric field. As in Wanniers analysis of the analogous
situation without external field the dynamics near threshold is dominated by a
saddle. With a field the saddle lies in a subspace of symmetrically escaping
electrons. Near threshold the classical cross section scales with excess energy
E like sigma=E^alpha, where the exponent alpha can be determined from the
stability of the saddle and does not depend on the field strength. For example,
if the remaining ion has charge Z=2, the exponent is 1.292, significantly
different from the 1.056 without the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73824 </DOCNO>
Additional ways to determination of structure of high energy elastic


  Several methods of extracting the magnitude of the real parts of the elastic
hadron scattering amplitude - from the experimental data are presented. These
methods allows us to obtain the real parts at one definite point of the
transfer momentum and with a high accuracy without knowledge of the precise
values of the normalization coefficient and with minimum theoretical
assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87239 </DOCNO>
On the uniqueness of the Kerr - NUT family


  We consider the stationary axially symmetric spacetime in which motion of
particle and scalar field is integrable. That is the Hamilton-Jacobi and
Klein-Gordon equations are separable. By obtaining the most general solution of
the Einstein electro vacuum equation for this metric, we establish the
uniqueness of the Kerr-NUT family. We also discover a duality transformation
which is the symmetry of the spacetime metric and it leads in a natural manner
to a vacuum spacetime dual to the Kerr solution describing the gravitational
field of rotating gravo magnetic (NUT) charge. As for the Kerr family, it is
also possible to make the spacetime radiating which asymptotically conforms to
the Vaidya null radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99132 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of $Aut(F_n)$ in the p-rank two case


  For odd primes p, we examine $\hat H^*(Aut(F_{2(p-1)}); \Z_{(p)})$, the
Farrell cohomology of the group of automorphisms of a free group $F_{2(p-1)}$
on $2(p-1)$ generators, with coefficients in the integers localized at the
prime $(p) \subset \Z$. This extends results by Glover and Mislin, whose
calculations yield $\hat H^*(Aut(F_n); \Z_{(p)})$ for $n \in \{p-1,p\}$ and is
concurrent with work by Chen where he calculates $\hat H^*(Aut(F_n); \Z_{(p)})$
for $n \in \{p+1,p+2\}$. The main tools used are Ken Brown's ``normalizer
spectral sequence'', a modification of Krstic and Vogtmann's proof of the
contractibility of fixed point sets for outer space, and a modification of the
Degree Theorem of Hatcher and Vogtmann.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3202 </DOCNO>
Common Origin for Surface Reconstruction and the Formation of Chains of


  During the fracture of nanocontacts gold spontaneously forms freely suspended
chains of atoms, which is not observed for the iso-electronic noble metals Ag
and Cu. Au also differs from Ag and Cu in forming reconstructions at its
low-index surfaces. Using mechanically controllable break junctions we show
that all the 5d metals that show similar reconstructions (Ir, Pt and Au) also
form chains of atoms, while both properties are absent in the 4d neighbor
elements (Rh, Pd, Ag), indicating a common origin for these two phenomena. A
competition between s and d bonding is proposed as an explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75084 </DOCNO>
Suppressing the $\mu$ and neutrino masses by a superconformal force


  The idea of Nelson and Strassler to obtain a power law suppression of
parameters by a superconformal force is applied to understand the smallness of
the $\mu$ parameter and neutrino masses in R-parity violating supersymmetric
standard models. We find that the low-energy sector should contain at least
another pair of Higgs doublets, and that a suppression of $\lsim O(10^{-13})$
for the $\mu$ parameter and neutrino masses can be achieved generically. The
superpotential of the low-energy sector happens to possess an anomaly-free
discrete R-symmetry, either $R_3$ or $R_6$, which naturally suppresses certain
lepton-flavor violating processes, the neutrinoless double beta decays and also
the electron electric dipole moment. We expect that the escape energy of the
superconformal sector is $\lsim$ O(10) TeV so that this sector will be
observable at LHC. Our models can accommodate to a large mixing among neutrinos
and give the same upper bound of the lightest Higgs mass as the minimal
supersymmetric standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169059 </DOCNO>
Robustness of Multi-Party Entanglement


  How common is large-scale entanglement in nature? As a first step towards
addressing this question, we study the robustness of multi-party entanglement
under local decoherence, modeled by partially depolarizing channels acting
independently on each subsystem. Surprisingly, we find that n-qubit GHZ
entanglement can stand more than 55 % local depolarization in the limit of n
going to infinity, and that GHZ states are more robust than other generic
states of 3 and 4 qubits. We also study spin-squeezed states in the limit n
going to infinity and find that they too can stand considerable local
depolarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179668 </DOCNO>
Simultaneous Optical Model Analyses of Elastic Scattering, Breakup, and


  Based on an approach recently proposed by us, simultaneous
$\chi^{2}$-analyses are performed for elastic scattering, direct reaction (DR)
and fusion cross sections data for the $^{6}$He+$^{209}$Bi system at
near-Coulomb-barrier energies to determine the parameters of the polarization
potential consisting of DR and fusion parts. We show that the data are well
reproduced by the resultant potential, which also satisfies the proper
dispersion relation. A discussion is given of the nature of the threshold
anomaly seen in the potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85811 </DOCNO>
Possible Strong Gravitational Wave Sources for the LISA Antenna


  Recently Fuller & Shi proposed that the gravitational collapse of
supermassive objects ($M \gtrsim 10^4M_\odot$) could be a cosmological source
of $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs). The major advantage of their model is that
supermassive object collapses are far more energetic than solar mass-scale
compact mergers. Also, in their proposal the seeds of supermassive black holes
(SMBHs) thus formed could give rise to the SMBHs observed at the center of many
galaxies. We argue here that, besides the generation of GRBs, there could well
occur a strong generation of gravitational waves (GWs) during the formation of
SMBHs. As a result, the rate of such GW bursts could be as high as the rate of
GRBs in the model by Fuller & Shi. In this case, the detection of GRBs and
bursts of GWs should occur with a small time difference. We also argue that the
GWs produced by the SMBHs studied here could be detected when the Laser
Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA) becomes operative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99062 </DOCNO>
Group Transformations of Semiclassical Gauge Systems


  Semiclassical systems being symmetric under Lie group are studied. A state of
a semiclassical system may be viewed as a set (X,f) of a classical state X and
a quantum state f in the external classical background X. Therefore, the set of
all semiclassical states may be considered as a bundle ("semiclassical
bundle"). Its base {X} is the set of all classical states, while a fibre is a
Hilbert space of quantum states in the external background X. Symmetry
transformation of a semiclassical system may be viewed as an automorphism of
the semiclassical bundle. Automorphism groups can be investigated with the help
of sections of the bundle: to any automorphism of the bundle one assigns a
transformation of section of the bundle. Infinitesimal properties of
transformations of sections are investigated; correspondence between Lie groups
and Lie algebras is discussed. For gauge theories, some points of the
semiclassical bundle are identified: a gauge group acts on the bundle. For this
case, only gauge-invariant sections of the semiclassical bundle are taken into
account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4243 </DOCNO>
Barkhausen-like conductance noise in polycrystalline high Tc


  Analysis of the resistive transition of a polycristalline YBCO specimen
produced by an a.c. magnetic field, reveals the presence of a large conductance
noise signal which is repetitive over subsequent magnetization cycles. It is
shown that the noise arises from avalanche effects produced by the simultaneous
resistive transition of large groups of weak links. Owing to its repeatability,
the noise signal may be considered a sort of signature of the weak links
critical current distribution, making it an interesting new tool for the study
of high Tc ceramic superconductors, as reported measurements of noise
hysteresis show.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85994 </DOCNO>
Constraining Post_Newtonian Parameters With Gravitational Waves


  We re-express gravitational wave results in terms of post-Newtonian
parameters. Using these expressions, and some simplifying assumptions, we
compute that in a favorable case, i.e. a ten solar-mass black hole spiraling in
to a 10^6 solar-mass black hole, LISA observations will be able to constrain at
the 10% level or better a single combination of post-post-Newtonian parameters
one order higher than those already constrained by solar system evidence. This
significant constraint will be possible even if the signal-to-noise level is so
low that the signal can only be found by matched filtering, and hence only
deviations between alternate signal interpretations of order one half cycle or
more can be detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125177 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical Simulations of Jet- and Wind-driven Protostellar Outflows


  We present two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of both jet- and
wind-driven models for protostellar outflows in order to make detailed
comparisons to the kinematics of observed molecular outflows.
  Comparing the different simulations with observations, we find that some
outflows, e.g., HH 212, show features consistent with the jet-driven model,
while others, e.g., VLA 05487, are consistent with the wind-driven model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76494 </DOCNO>
Mirror Matter as Self Interacting Dark Matter


  It has been argued that the observed core density profile of galaxies is
inconsistent with having a dark matter particle that is collisionless and
alternative dark matter candidates which are self interacting may explain
observations better. One new class of self interacting dark matter that has
been proposed in the context mirror universe models of particle physics is the
mirror hydrogen atom whose stability is guaranteed by the conservation of
mirror baryon number. We show that the effective transport cross section for
mirror hydrogen atoms, has the right order of magnitude for solving the
``cuspy'' halo problem. Furthermore, the suppression of dissipation effects for
mirror atoms due to higher mirror mass scale prevents the mirror halo matter
from collapsing into a disk strengthening the argument for mirror matter as
galactic dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113944 </DOCNO>
The Binary Model of Physical Vacuum


  The binary model of physical vacuum is considered. This model reveals unified
cause-and-effect mechanism of electromagnetic and gravitational interactions.
The model of binary vacuum does not identify physical vacuum to a substance as
the model of mechanical ether does, but presents physical vacuum as the unity
of two simultaneously everywhere existed non-structural electrical elementary
media. They are just the same except for their signs. They diffusively and
uniformly penetrate into each other. Each of them is continuousal and possesses
the elastic modulus of dilatation and the elastic mutual-shearing modulus. The
shearing-strain theory of elementary media describes all modern relative
electrodynamics and answers the unknown before questions: how do the electric
charges, electric and magnetic fields arrange in nature; what are the
cause-and-effect relations in Coulomb and Lorentz forces; why are the
electromagnetic waves transversal. The theory of monolithic (combined)
deformations of world elementary media (near neutral bodies) is the theory of
relative gravitation. In particular it determines unknown before
gravitational-energy density, converts the experimental Newton law of
gravitation into a speculative result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96366 </DOCNO>
A reconstruction theorem in quantum cohomology and quantum K-theory


  A reconstruction theorem for genus 0 gravitational quantum cohomology and
quantum K-theory is proved. A new linear equivalence in the Picard group of the
moduli space of genus 0 stable maps relating the pull-backs of line bundles
from the target via different markings is used for the reconstruction result.
Examples of calculations in quantum cohomology and quantum K-theory are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125352 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Second High Frequency QPO from the Microquasar GRS


  We report the discovery in archival Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) data
of a 40 Hz quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) in the hard X-ray flux from the
galactic microquasar GRS 1915+105. The QPO is detected only in the hard X-ray
band above 13 keV and was discovered in observations in which the previously
known 67 Hz QPO is present. The 40 Hz QPO has a typical rms amplitude of 2 % in
the 13 - 27 keV band, and a width of about 8.5 Hz (FWHM). We show that the 67
and 40 Hz QPOs are detected in the same observations in July and November,
1997. However, the QPO is not detected in observations from April, May and
June, 1996 in which the 67 Hz QPO was first discovered. The frequency of the 67
Hz QPO is significantly higher in the 1997 observations by about 5 % compared
with the 1996 data. The identification of the 40 Hz QPO makes GRS 1915+105 the
second black hole binary to show a pair of simultaneous high frequency QPO (the
other being GRO J1655-40). The similarities between the properties of the 67 Hz
QPO in GRS 1915+105 and the recently discovered 450 Hz QPO in GRO J1655-40
suggest that the pairs of frequencies in these systems may be produced by the
same physical mechanism, with the frequency differences between the two being
likely due to different black hole masses in the two systems. We discuss the
implications of our result for the mass and spin of GRS 1915+105 as well as for
models of X-ray variability in black holes and neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2832 </DOCNO>
Kondo Effects in Quantum Dots at Large Bias


  Recently, the issue of whether the Kondo problem in quantum dots at large
bias is a weak coupling problem or not has been raised. In this paper, we
revisit this problem via carefully analyzing a corresponding model in the
solvable limit --- the Emery-Kivelson line, where various crossover energy
scales can be easily identified. We then try to extract the scaling behavior of
this problem from various physical correlation functions within the spirit of
``poor man's scaling''. Our conclusions do support some of recent suggestions
made by P. Coleman {\em et al.} (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86} 4088, (2001)), which
are obtained via perturbative analysis: The voltage acts as a cutoff of the
renormalization group flow for {\em only} half of the impurity so that the low
temperature physics are controlled by a strong coupling fixed point. But the
low temperature response functions in general show one-channel Kondo (1CK)
behaviors with two-channel Kondo (2CK) behaviors occurring only at some extreme
regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74832 </DOCNO>
Is a Large Intrinsic k_T Needed to Describe Photon + Jet Photoproduction


  We study the photoproduction of an isolated photon and a jet based on a code
of partonic event generator type which includes the full set of next-to-leading
order corrections. We compare our results to a recent ZEUS analysis in which an
effective k_T of the incoming partons has been determined. We find that no
additional intrinsic k_T is needed to describe the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124645 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Stellar Exponential Discs


  Models of disc galaxies which invoke viscosity-driven radial flows have long
been known to provide a natural explanation for the origin of stellar
exponential discs, under the assumption that the star formation and viscous
timescales are comparable. We present models which invoke simultaneous star
formation, viscous redistribution of gas and cosmologically-motivated gaseous
infall and explore the predictions such models make for the scale length
evolution and radial star formation history of galactic stellar discs. While
the inclusion of viscous flows is essential for ensuring that the stellar disc
is always exponential over a significant range in radius, we find that such
flows play essentially no role in determining the evolution of the disc scale
length. In models in which the main infall phase precedes the onset of star
formation and viscous evolution, we find the exponential scale length to be
rather invariant with time. On the other hand, models in which star
formation/viscous evolution and infall occur concurrently result in a smoothly
increasing scale length with time, reflecting the mean angular momentum of
material which has fallen in at any given epoch. The disc stellar populations
in these models are predominantly young (ie. ages < 5 Gyr) beyond a few scale
lengths. In both cases, viscous flows are entirely responsible for transporting
material to very large radii. We discuss existing observational constraints on
these models from studies of both local and moderate redshift disc galaxies. In
particular, a good agreement is found between the solar neighbourhood star
formation history predicted by our infall model and the recent observational
determination of this quantity by Rocha-Pinto et al (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169494 </DOCNO>
Approximate quantum error correction


  The errors that arise in a quantum channel can be corrected perfectly if and
only if the channel does not decrease the coherent information of the input
state. We show that, if the loss of coherent information is small, then
approximate error correction is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127766 </DOCNO>
The CFHT Open Star Cluster Survey. III. The White Dwarf Cooling Age of


  We present deep CCD photometry of the very rich, intermediate aged (similar
to the Hyades) open star cluster NGC 2099 (M37). The V, B-V color-magnitude
diagram (CMD) for the cluster shows an extremely well populated and very
tightly constrained main-sequence extending over 12 magnitudes from the
turn-off. The CFH12K photometry for this cluster is faint enough (V ~ 24.5) to
detect the remnants of the most massive progenitor cluster stars under the Type
I SNe limit. Therefore, the CMD of the cluster also exhibits a well defined
white dwarf `clump' caused by the decreased rate of cooling of these stars as
they age, and a subsequent gap with very few objects. The termination point (Mv
= 11.95 +/- 0.30) of the white dwarf luminosity function gives a white dwarf
cooling age of 566 +/- 154/176 Myrs which is in excellent agreement with the
main-sequence turn-off isochrone age (520 Myrs). By carefully accounting for
errors, we show that the cooling age confirms that models including convective
core overshooting are preferred for young-intermediate aged clusters. We also
derive the reddening (E(B-V) = 0.21 +/- 0.03) and distance ((m-M)v = 11.55 +/-
0.13) to NGC 2099 by matching main-sequence features in the cluster to a new
fiducial main-sequence for the Hyades. As a continuing part of the goals of the
CFHT Open Star Cluster Survey to better understand dynamical processes of open
clusters, we also fit a King model to the cluster density distribution and
investigate the cluster main-sequence luminosity and mass functions in
increasing concentric annuli. We find some evidence for mass segregation within
the boundary of NGC 2099 as expected given the cluster's age relative to the
dynamical age. The present global mass function for the cluster is found to be
shallower than a Salpeter IMF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148652 </DOCNO>
Exact Tachyon Condensation on Noncommutative Torus


  We construct the exact noncommutative solutions on tori. This gives an exact
description of tachyon condensation on bosonic D-branes, non-BPS D-branes and
brane-antibrane systems. We obtain various bound states of D-branes after the
tachyon condensation. Our results show that these solutions can be generated by
applying the gauge Morita equivalence between the constant curvature projective
modules. We argue that there is a general framework of the noncommutative
geometry based on the notion of Morita equivalence which underlies this
specific example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3405 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Precursor Model for the Onset of Percolation in a


  Using a Boltzmann equation, we investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of
nonperturbative fluctuations within the context of Ginzburg-Landau models. As
an illustration, we examine how a two-phase system initially prepared in a
homogeneous, low-temperature phase becomes populated by precursors of the
opposite phase as the temperature is increased. We compute the critical value
of the order parameter for the onset of percolation, which signals the
breakdown of the conventional dilute gas approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168786 </DOCNO>
Experimental Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm for


  The Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm is experimentally demonstrated for three-qubit
functions using pure coherent superpositions of Li$_{2}$ rovibrational
eigenstates. The function's character, either constant or balanced, is
evaluated by first imprinting the function, using a phase-shaped femtosecond
pulse, on a coherent superposition of the molecular states, and then projecting
the superposition onto an ionic final state, using a second femtosecond pulse
at a specific time delay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72927 </DOCNO>
The Origin of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Theories with Large Extra


  We suggest that the electroweak Higgs particles can be identified with
extra-dimensional components of the gauge fields, which after compactification
on a certain topologically non-trivial background become tachyonic and
condense. If the tachyonic mass is a tree level effect, the natural scale of
the gauge symmetry breaking is set by the inverse radius of the internal space,
which, in case of the electroweak symmetry, must be around $\sim 1/$TeV. We
discuss the possibility of a vanishing tree level mass for the Higgs. In such a
scenario the tachyonic mass can be induced by quantum loops and can be
naturally smaller than the compactification scale. We give an example in which
this possibility can be realized. Starting from an Einstein--Yang--Mills theory
coupled to fermions in 10-dimensions, we are able to reproduce the spectrum of
the Standard Model like chiral fermions and Higgs type scalars in 4-dimensions
upon compactifying on ${\mathbb{C}}P^1\times {\mathbb{C}}P^2$. The existence of
a monopole solution on ${\mathbb{C}}P^1$ and a self dual U(1) instanton on
${\mathbb{C}}P^2$ are essential in obtaining chiral fermions as well as
tachyonic or massless scalars in 4-dimensions. We give a simple rule which
helps us to identify the presence of tachyons on the monopole background on
$S^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73928 </DOCNO>
Analytic Perturbation Theory and New Analysis of some QCD observables


  Here, we report briefly two topics: 1) The latest version of ``Analytic
Perturbation Theory" (APT) devised recently for the QCD observables both in the
Euclidean and Minkowskian regions. 2) Results of the APT--based calculation for
some physical processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86578 </DOCNO>
On the gravitomagnetic effects in cylindrically symmetric spacetimes


  Using gyroscopes we generalize results, obtained for the gravitomagnetic
clock effect in the particular case when the exterior spacetime is produced by
a rotating dust cylinder, to the case when the vacuum spacetime is described by
the general cylindrically symmetric Lewis spacetime. Results are contrasted
with those obtained for the Kerr spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2753 </DOCNO>
Simple Model for the Variation of Superfluid Density with Zn


  We describe a simple model for calculating the zero-temperature superfluid
density of Zn-doped YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} as a function of the fraction x of
in-plane Cu atoms which are replaced by Zn. The basis of the calculation is a
``Swiss cheese'' picture of a single CuO_2 layer, in which a substitutional Zn
impurity creates a normal region of area $\pi\xi_{ab}^2$ around it as
originally suggested by Nachumi et al. Here $\xi_{ab}$ is the zero-temperature
in-plane coherence length at x = 0. We use this picture to calculate the
variation of the in-plane superfluid density with x at temperature T = 0, using
both a numerical approach and an analytical approximation. For $\delta = 0.37$,
if we use the value $\xi_{ab}$ = 18.3 angstrom, we find that the in-plane
superfluid decreases with increasing x and vanishes near $x_c = 0.01$ in the
analytical approximation, and near $x_c = 0.014$ in the numerical approach.
$x_c$ is quite sensitive to $\xi_{ab}$, whose value is not widely agreed upon.
The model also predicts a peak in the real part of the conductivity,
Re$\sigma_e(\omega, x)$, at concentrations $x \sim x_c$, and low frequencies,
and a variation of critical current density with x of the form $J_c(x) \propto
n_{S,e}(x)^{7/4}$ near percolation, where $n_{S,e}(x)$ is the in-plane
superfluid density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96316 </DOCNO>
Homology cobordism and classical knot invariants


  In this paper we define and investigate Z/2-homology cobordism invariants of
Z/2-homology 3-spheres which turn out to be related to classical invariants of
knots. As an application we show that many lens spaces have infinite order in
the Z/2-homology cobordism group and we prove a lower bound for the slice genus
of a knot on which integral surgery yields a given Z/2-homology sphere. We also
give some new examples of 3-manifolds which cannot be obtained by integral
surgery on a knot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5899 </DOCNO>
The dilute A$_4$ model, the E$_7$ mass spectrum and the tricritical


  The exact perturbation approach is used to derive the (seven) elementary
correlation lengths and related mass gaps of the two-dimensional dilute A$_4$
lattice model in regime 2- from the Bethe ansatz solution. This model provides
a realisation of the integrable $\phi(1,2)$ perturbation of the c=7/10
conformal field theory, which is known to describe the off-critical thermal
behaviour of the tricritical Ising model. The E$_7$ masses predicted from
purely elastic scattering theory follow in the approach to criticality.
Universal amplitudes for the tricritical Ising model are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168702 </DOCNO>
On general relation between quantum ergodicity and fidelity of quantum


  General relation is derived which expresses the fidelity of quantum dynamics,
measuring the stability of time evolution to small static variation in the
hamiltonian, in terms of ergodicity of an observable generating the
perturbation as defined by its time correlation function. Fidelity for ergodic
dynamics is predicted to decay exponentially on time-scale proportional to
delta^(-2) where delta is the strength of perturbation, whereas faster,
typically gaussian decay on shorter time scale proportional to delta^(-1) is
predicted for integrable, or generally non-ergodic dynamics. This surprising
result is demonstrated in quantum Ising spin-1/2 chain periodically kicked with
a tilted magnetic field where we find finite parameter-space regions of
non-ergodic and non-integrable motion in thermodynamic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124609 </DOCNO>
Pressure imbalance of FRII radio source lobes: a role of energetic


  Recently Hardcastle & Worrall (MNRAS, 319, 562) analyzed 63 FRII radio
galaxies imbedded in the X-ray radiating gas in galaxy clusters and concluded,
that pressures inside its lobes seem to be a factor of a few lower than in the
surrounding gas. One of explanations of the existing `blown up' radio lobes is
the existence of invisible internal pressure component due to energetic cosmic
ray nuclei (protons). Here we discuss a possible mechanism providing these
particles in the acceleration processes acting at side boundaries of
relativistic jets. The process can accelerate particles to ultra high energies
with possibly a very hard spectrum. Its action provides also an additional
viscous jet breaking mechanism. The work is still in progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125884 </DOCNO>
Derivation of the Mass Distribution of Extrasolar Planets with MAXLIMA -


  We construct a maximum-likelihood algorithm - MAXLIMA, to derive the mass
distribution of the extrasolar planets when only the minimum masses are
observed. The algorithm derives the distribution by solving a numerically
stable set of equations, and does not need any iteration or smoothing. Based on
50 minimum masses, MAXLIMA yields a distribution which is approximately flat in
log M, and might rise slightly towards lower masses. The frequency drops off
very sharply when going to masses higher than 10 Jupiter masses, although we
suspect there is still a higher mass tail that extends up to probably 20
Jupiter masses. We estimate that 5% of the G stars in the solar neighborhood
have planets in the range of 1-10 Jupiter masses with periods shorter than 1500
days. For comparison we present the mass distribution of stellar companions in
the range of 100--1000 Jupiter masses, which is also approximately flat in log
M. The two populations are separated by the "brown-dwarf desert", a fact that
strongly supports the idea that these are two distinct populations. Accepting
this definite separation, we point out the conundrum concerning the
similarities between the period, eccentricity and even mass distribution of the
two populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125365 </DOCNO>
Large Surveys in Cosmology: The Changing Sociology


  Galaxy redshift surveys and Cosmic Microwave Background experiments are
undertaken with larger and larger teams, in a fashion reminiscent of particle
physics experiments and the human genome projects. We discuss the role of young
researchers, the issue of multiple authorship, and ways to communicate
effectively in teams of tens to hundreds of collaborators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126507 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Evolution of the Mass Function of Globular Star Clusters


  We present a series of simple, largely analytical models to compute the
effects of disruption on the mass function of star clusters. Our calculations
include evaporation by two-body relaxation and gravitational shocks and mass
loss by stellar evolution. We find that, for a wide variety of initial
conditions, the mass function develops a turnover or peak and that, after 12
Gyr, this is remarkably close to the observed peak for globular clusters, at
M_p = 2 10^5 solar masses. Below the peak, the evolution is dominated by
two-body relaxation, and the mass function always develops a tail of the form
psi(M) = const, reflecting that the masses of tidally limited clusters decrease
linearly with time just before they are destroyed. This also agrees well with
the empirical mass function of globular clusters in the Milky Way. Above the
peak, the evolution is dominated by stellar evolution at early times and
gravitational shocks at late times. These processes shift the mass function to
lower masses while nearly preserving its shape. The radial variation of the
mass function within a galaxy depends on the initial position-velocity
distribution of the clusters. We find that some radial anisotropy in the
initial velocity distribution, especially when this increases outward, is
needed to account for the observed near-uniformity of the mass functions of
globular clusters. This may be consistent with the observed near-isotropy of
the present velocity distributions because clusters on elongated orbits are
preferentially destroyed. These results are based on models with static,
spherical galactic potentials. We point out that there would be even more
radial mixing of the orbits and hence more uniformity of the mass function if
the galactic potentials were time-dependent and/or non-spherical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96643 </DOCNO>
Virtual crystals and fermionic formulas of type $D_{n+1}^{(2)}$,


  We introduce ``virtual'' crystals of the affine types $g=D_{n+1}^{(2)}$,
$A_{2n}^{(2)}$ and $C_n^{(1)}$ by naturally extending embeddings of crystals of
types $B_n$ and $C_n$ into crystals of type $A_{2n-1}$. Conjecturally, these
virtual crystals are the crystal bases of finite dimensional $U_q'(g)$-modules
associated with multiples of fundamental weights. We provide evidence and in
some cases proofs of this conjecture. Recently, fermionic formulas for the one
dimensional configuration sums associated with tensor products of the finite
dimensional $U_q'(g)$-modules were conjectured by Hatayama et al. We provide
proofs of these conjectures in specific cases by exploiting duality properties
of crystals and rigged configuration techniques. For type $A_{2n}^{(2)}$ we
also conjecture a new fermionic formula coming from a different labeling of the
Dynkin diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6175 </DOCNO>
Pulsed Laser Deposition of YBCO for Coated Conductor Applications:


  This book chapter reviews the current status of Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD)
for coated conductor applications of YBCO on metallic tapes. Clearly, PLD is
one of the most promising techniques - particularly for thick films - and has
led to some of the highest critical currents Jc.
  The reputation of PLD as being an expensive technique for manufacturing is
carefully addressed by calculating the laser operation cost per length of tape.
It is shown that the expenses related to the ownership and operation of an
industrial excimer laser (including, most importantly, laser tubes and window
sets) contribute $10/kA m - $30/kA m to the cost of a superconducting tape.
Significant lowering of this number would require "quantum-leap" changes in
laser technology, PLD configuration, or an increase in the achieved Jc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127253 </DOCNO>
On the Formation of Galaxy Halos: Comparing NGC 5128 and the Local Group


  The metallicity distribution function (MDF) for the old red-giant stars in
the halo of NGC 5128, the nearest giant elliptical galaxy, is virtually
identical with the MDF for the old-disk stars in the LMC and also strongly
resembles the halo MDF in M31. These galaxies all have high mean halo
metallicities (<m/H> ~ -0.4$) with very small proportions of low-metallicity
stars. These observations reinforce the view that metal-rich halos are quite
normal for large galaxies of all types. Such systems are unlikely to have built
up by accretion of pre-existing, gas-free small satellite galaxies, unless
these satellites had an extremely shallow mass distribution (d log N / d log M
> -1). We suggest that the halo of NGC 5128 is more likely to have assembled
from hierarchical merging of gas-rich lumps in which the bulk of star formation
took place during or after the merger stage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125879 </DOCNO>
Proton synchrotron radiation of large-scale jets in active galactic


  I propose a new mechanism for explanation of nonthernal X-ray emission of
large-scale AGN jets. Namely, I assume that this radiation has synchrotron
origin emitted by extremely high energy protons, and discuss implications of
this model for several prominent hot spots and knots resolved by Chandra in
Pictor A, 3C 120, PKS 0637-752, 3C 273.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 659 </DOCNO>
Nucleation of the crystalline phase of proteins in the presence of


  Starting from a protein solution which is metastable with respect to the
crystalline phase, the effect of adding semidilute non-adsorbing polymer is
considered. It is found to increase the chemical potential of the protein by a
few tenths of kT, which may be enough to lower the barrier to nucleation of the
crystalline phase by enough to allow crystallisation. It is also shown that
assuming that the polymer induces a pairwise additive attraction leads to
qualitatively incorrect results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148992 </DOCNO>
2T-Physics 2001


  The physics that is traditionally formulated in one--time-physics
(1T-physics) can also be formulated in two-time-physics (2T-physics). The
physical phenomena in 1T or 2T physics are not different, but the spacetime
formalism used to describe them is. The 2T description involves two extra
dimensions (one time and one space), is more symmetric, and makes manifest many
hidden features of 1T-physics. One such hidden feature is that families of
apparently different 1T-dynamical systems in d dimensions holographically
describe the same 2T system in d+2 dimensions. In 2T-physics there are two
timelike dimensions, but there is also a crucial gauge symmetry that thins out
spacetime, thus making 2T-physics effectively equivalent to 1T-physics. The
gauge symmetry is also responsible for ensuring causality and unitarity in a
spacetime with two timelike dimensions. What is gained through 2T-physics is a
unification of diverse 1T dynamics by making manifest hidden symmetries and
relationships among them. Such symmetries and relationships is the evidence for
the presence of the underlying higher dimensional spacetime structure.
2T-physics could be viewed as a device for gaining a better understanding of
1T-physics, but beyond this, 2T-physics offers new vistas in the search of the
unified theory while raising deep questions about the meaning of spacetime. In
these lectures, the recent developments in the powerful gauge field theory
formulation of 2T-physics will be described after a brief review of the results
obtained so far in the more intuitive worldline approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6512 </DOCNO>
Hierarchic trees with branching number close to one: noiseless KPZ


  An imitation of 2d field theory is formulated by means of a model on the
hierarhic tree (with branching number close to one) with the same potential and
the free correlators identical to 2d correlators ones.
  Such a model carries on some features of the original model for certain scale
invariant theories. For the case of 2d conformal models it is possible to
derive exact results. The renormalization group equation for the free energy is
noiseless KPZ equation with additional linear term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95887 </DOCNO>
Ramification in C-extensions of local field of characteristic 0


  We construct explicitly APF extensions of finite extensions of $\qp$ for
which the Galois group is not a p-adic Lie group and which do not have any open
subgroup with $\zp$-quotient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114082 </DOCNO>
A novel explanation for the reversal of sign of secondary Bjerknes force


  It is known that in a certain case, the secondary Bjerknes force, which is a
radiation force acting between pulsating bubbles, changes (e.g., from
attraction to repulsion) as the bubbles approach each other. In this Letter, a
theoretical discussion of this phenomenon for two spherical bubbles is
described. The present theory, based on analysis of the transition frequencies
of interacting bubbles [M. Ida, Phys. Lett. A (in press)], gives an
interpretation, which differs from previous ones (e.g., by Doinikov and Zavtrak
[Phys. Fluids 7, (1995) 1923]), of the phenomenon. It is shown for example that
the reversal that occurs when one bubble is smaller than and another is larger
than a resonance size is due to the second-highest transition frequency of the
smaller bubble, which cannot be given by the traditional natural-frequency
analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75083 </DOCNO>
The mirror world interpretation of the 1908 Tunguska event and other


  Mirror matter is predicted to exist if parity (i.e. left-right symmetry) is a
symmetry of nature. Remarkably mirror matter is capable of simply explaining a
large number of contemporary puzzles in astrophysics and particle physics
including: Explanation of the MACHO gravitational microlensing events, the
existence of close-in extrasolar gas giant planets, apparently `isolated'
planets, the solar, atmospheric and LSND neutrino anomalies, the
orthopositronium lifetime anomaly and perhaps even gamma ray bursts. One
fascinating possibility is that our solar system contains small mirror matter
space bodies (asteroid or comet sized objects), which are too small to be
revealed from their gravitational effects but nevertheless have explosive
implications when they collide with the Earth. We examine the possibility that
the 1908 Tunguska explosion in Siberia was the result of the collision of a
mirror matter space body with the Earth. We point out that if the catastrophic
event and many other similar smaller events are manifestations of the mirror
world then these impact sites should be a good place to start digging for
mirror matter. Mirror matter could potentially be extracted and purified using
a centrifuge and have many useful industrial applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179342 </DOCNO>
A New Coupling Potential for the Scattering of Deformed Light Heavy-Ions


  This letter introduces a new coupling potential to explain the experimental
data over wide energy ranges for a number of systems. Within the
coupled-channels formalism, this letter first shows the limitations of the
standard coupled-channels theory in the case where one of the nuclei in the
reaction is strongly deformed and then, demonstrates that a global solution to
the problems of light heavy-ion reactions such as $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C,
$^{16}$O+$^{28}$Si and $^{12}$C+$^{24}$Mg can be found using a new
second-derivative coupling potential in the coupled-channels formalism. This
new approach consistently improves the agreement with the experimental data for
the elastic and inelastic scattering data as well as for their excitation
functions using constant or slightly energy-dependent parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74805 </DOCNO>
Effects of periodic matter in kaon regeneration


  We study the effects of periodic matter in kaon regeneration, motivated by
the possibility of parametric resonance in neutrino oscillations. The large
imaginary parts of the forward kaon-nucleon scattering amplitudes and the decay
width difference $\Delta\Gamma$ prevent a sizable enhancement of the $K_L\to
K_S$ transition probability. However, some interesting effects can be produced
using regenerators made of alternating layers of two different materials.
Despite the fact that the regenerator has a fixed length one can obtain
different values for the probability distribution of the $K_L$ decay into a
final state. Using a two-arm regenerator set up it is possible to measure the
imaginary parts of the $K^0(\bar{K}^0)$-nucleon scattering amplitudes in the
correlated decays of the $\phi$-resonance. Combining the data of the single-arm
regenerator experiments with direct and reverse orders of the matter layers in
the regenerator one can independently measure the CP violating parameter
$\delta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125876 </DOCNO>
A possible Universal Origin of Hadronic Cosmic Rays from


  Based on the ``cannonball model'' for gamma-ray bursts of Dar and De Rujula
(astro-ph/0012227) it is proposed that masses of baryonic plasma
(``cannonballs''), ejected in bipolar supernova explosions in our Galaxy are
the sources of hadronic Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) at all energies. The
propagation of the cannonballs in the Galactic disk and halo is studied. Two
mechanisms for the acceleration of the observed CRs are proposed. The first is
based on ultrarelativistic shocks in the interstellar medium and could
accelerate the bulk of CRs up to the ``knee'' energy of 4 x 10^{15} eV. The
second operates with second-order Fermi acceleration within the cannonball. If
the total initial energy of the ejected plasmoids in a SN explosion is 10^{53}
ergs or higher this second mechanism may explain the CR spectrum above the knee
up to the highest observed energies.It is shown that with plausible assumptions
about CR propagation in the Galactic confinement volume many phenomenological
properties of CRs can be understood to first order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169025 </DOCNO>
Quantum entanglement without eigenvalue spectra:multipartite case


  We introduce algebriac sets in the products of complex projective spaces for
multipartite mixed states, which are independent of their eigenvalues and only
measure the "position" of their eigenvectors, as their non-local invariants
(ie. remaining invariant after local untary transformations). These invariants
are naturally arised from the physical consideration of checking multipartite
mixed states by measuring them with multipartite separable pure states. The
algebraic sets have to be the sum of linear subspaces if the multipartite mixed
state is separable, and thus we give a new separability criterion of
multipartite mixed states. A continuous family of 4-party mixed states, whose
members are separable for any 2:2 cut and entangled for any 1:3 cut (thus bound
entanglement if 4 parties are isolated), is constructed and studied from our
invariants and separability criterion. Examples of LOCC-incomparable entangled
tripartite pure states are given to show it is hopeless to characterize the
entanglement properties of tripartite pure states by only using the eigenvalue
speactra of their partial traces. We also prove that at least $n^2+n-1$ terms
of separable pure states, which are "orthogonal" in some sence, are needed to
write a generic pure state in $H_A^{n^2} \otimes H_B^{n^2} \otimes H_C^{n^2}$
as a linear combination of them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114016 </DOCNO>
An efficient k.p method for calculation of total energy and electronic


  An efficient method for calculating the electronic structure in large systems
with a fully converged BZ sampling is presented. The method is based on a
k.p-like approximation developed in the framework of the density functional
perturbation theory. The reliability and efficiency of the method are
demostrated in test calculations on Ar and Si supercells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76613 </DOCNO>
The eta and eta' mesons from lattice QCD


  Lattice QCD allows a first-principles study of QCD with the freedom to vary
the number and masses of the quarks. I present results on the flavour singlet
correlations (this illuminates OZI violating effects) for mesons. Concentrating
on the pseudoscalar mesons, the flavour singlet mass splitting ($\eta$, $\eta'$
mass splitting) appears naturally.
  I also present results on an investigation of decay constants for the $\eta$
and $\eta'$ ($f_{\eta}$) and discuss which quantities may be accessible in
future lattice studies.
 The Witten-Veneziano approach can also be explored by determining the quenched
topological susceptibility on a lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128675 </DOCNO>
Capabilities of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) in the Era of


  We review the capabilities of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED,
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu) for information retrieval and knowledge discovery
in the context of a globally distributed virtual observatory. Since its
inception in 1990, NED has provided astronomers world-wide with the results of
a systematic cross-correlation of catalogs covering all wavelengths, along with
thousands of extragalactic observations culled from published journal articles.
NED is continuously being expanded and revised to include new catalogs and
published observations, each undergoing a process of cross-identification to
capture the current state of knowledge about extragalactic sources in a
panchromatic fashion. In addition to assimilating data from the literature, the
team is incrementally folding in millions of observations from new large-scale
sky surveys such as 2MASS, NVSS, APM, and SDSS. At the time of writing the
system contains over 3.3 million unique objects with 4.2 million
cross-identifications. We summarize the recent evolution of NED from its
initial emphasis on object name-, position-, and literature-based queries into
a research environment that also assists statistical data exploration and
discovery using large samples of objects. Newer capabilities enable "Web
mining" of entries in geographically distributed astronomical archives that are
indexed by object names and positions in NED, sample building using constraints
on redshifts and object types, and an image archive. A pilot study demonstrates
how NED is being used in conjunction with linked survey archives to
characterize the properties of galaxy classes to form a training set for
machine learning algorithms. Opportunities for tighter integration of NED
capabilities into data mining tools for astronomy archives are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4355 </DOCNO>
Coulomb blockade in metallic grains at large conductance: beyond the


  We consider mesoscopic fluctuations of the Coulomb blockade oscillations in a
disordered metallic grain in an external magnetic field coupled to a metallic
lead by a tunneling contact with a large conductance $g_T$ and capacitively
coupled to a gate. For a finite mean level spacing $\delta$ in the grain and at
temperatures $T \gg \delta$ we obtain the oscillatory part of the correlator of
thermodynamic potentials at different values of the gate voltage. The
correlations decay algebraically with the gate voltage difference in contrast
to the exponential decay that would result from the mean-field treatment of the
Coulomb interaction. The results are valid beyond the zero-dimensional limit
and describe the crossover between the unitary and orthogonal ensembles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73691 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Correction to Top Quark Pair Production near Threshold


  We studied the leading supersymmetric contribution to top-antitop threshold
production using the NRQCD framework. The one-loop matching to the potential
and the Wilson coefficient of the leading production current were considered.
We point out that the leading correction to the potential is zero due to
SU(3)_c gauge invariance. This is true in general for any new physics that
enters above the electroweak scale. The shape of the top quark pair production
cross section is therefore almost unaffected near threshold, allowing a precise
determination of the top quark mass based on the Standard Model calculations.
The supersymmetric correction to the Wilson coefficient c_1 of the production
current decouples for heavy super particles. Its contribution is smaller than
the Standard Model next-to-next-leading-log results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74003 </DOCNO>
Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ in a Realistic


  We discuss the lepton sector of a realistic string-inspired model based on
the Pati-Salam $SU(4)\times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ gauge group supplemented by
a U(1) family symmetry. The model involves third family Yukawa unification,
predicts large $\tan \beta\sim 50$, and describes all fermion masses and mixing
angles, including approximate bi-maximal mixing in the neutrino sector.
Atmospheric neutrino mixing is achieved via a large 23 entry in the neutrino
Yukawa matrix which can have important phenomenological effects. We find that
the recent BNL result on the muon ($g-2$) can be easily accommodated in a large
portion of the SUSY parameter space of this model. Over this region of
parameter space the model predicts a CP-even Higgs mass near 115 GeV, and a
rate for $\tau\to \mu\gamma$ which is close to its current experimental limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168294 </DOCNO>
Transmission of a Cartesian Frame by a Quantum System


  A single quantum system, such as a hydrogen atom, can transmit a Cartesian
coordinate frame (three axes). For this it has to be prepared in a
superposition of states belonging to different irreducible representations of
the rotation group. The algorithm for decoding such a state is presented, and
the fidelity of transmission is evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127355 </DOCNO>
Exploration of Parameter Spaces in a Virtual Observatory


  Like every other field of intellectual endeavor, astronomy is being
revolutionised by the advances in information technology. There is an ongoing
exponential growth in the volume, quality, and complexity of astronomical data
sets, mainly through large digital sky surveys and archives. The Virtual
Observatory (VO) concept represents a scientific and technological framework
needed to cope with this data flood. Systematic exploration of the observable
parameter spaces, covered by large digital sky surveys spanning a range of
wavelengths, will be one of the primary modes of research with a VO. This is
where the truly new discoveries will be made, and new insights be gained about
the already known astronomical objects and phenomena. We review some of the
methodological challenges posed by the analysis of large and complex data sets
expected in the VO-based research. The challenges are driven both by the size
and the complexity of the data sets (billions of data vectors in parameter
spaces of tens or hundreds of dimensions), by the heterogeneity of the data and
measurement errors, including differences in basic survey parameters for the
federated data sets (e.g., in the positional accuracy and resolution,
wavelength coverage, time baseline, etc.), various selection effects, as well
as the intrinsic clustering properties (functional form, topology) of the data
distributions in the parameter spaces of observed attributes. Answering these
challenges will require substantial collaborative efforts and partnerships
between astronomers, computer scientists, and statisticians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74628 </DOCNO>
A gobal fit to the anomalous magnetic moment, b->s gamma and Higgs


  New data on the anomalous magnetic moment a_mu of the muon together with the
b->s gamma decay rate are considered within the supergravity inspired
constrained minimal supersymmetric model. We perform a global statistical chi^2
analysis of these data and show that the allowed region of parameter space is
bounded from below by the Higgs limit, which depends on the trilinear coupling
and from above by the anomalous magnetic moment a_mu. The newest b->s gamma
data deviate 1.7 sigma from recent SM calculations and prefer a similar
parameter region as the 2.6 sigma deviation from a_mu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6754 </DOCNO>
Analytical result on the supercurrent through a


  We present an analytical result for the supercurrent across a
superconductor/quantum-dot/superconductor junction. By converting the current
integration into a special contour integral, we can express the current as a
sum of the residues of poles. These poles are real and give a natural
definition of the Andreev bound states. We also use the exact result to explain
some features of the supercurrent transport behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81141 </DOCNO>
Integrable Lattice Realizations of Conformal Twisted Boundary Conditions


  We construct integrable realizations of conformal twisted boundary conditions
for ^sl(2) unitary minimal models on a torus. These conformal field theories
are realized as the continuum scaling limit of critical A-D-E lattice models
with positive spectral parameter. The integrable seam boundary conditions are
labelled by (r,s,\zeta) in (A_{g-2},A_{g-1},\Gamma) where \Gamma is the group
of automorphisms of G and g is the Coxeter number of G. Taking symmetries into
account, these are identified with conformal twisted boundary conditions of
Petkova and Zuber labelled by (a,b,\gamma) in (A_{g-2}xG, A_{g-2}xG,Z_2) and
associated with nodes of the minimal analog of the Ocneanu quantum graph. Our
results are illustrated using the Ising (A_2,A_3) and 3-state Potts (A_4,D_4)
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87073 </DOCNO>
Area Law for Localization-Entropy in Local Quantum Physics


  The previously developed algebraic lightfront holography is used in
conjunction with the tensor splitting of the chiral theory on the causal
horizon. In this way a universal area law for the entanglement entropy of the
vacuum relative to the split (tensor factorized) vacuum is obtained. The
universality of the area law is a result of the kinematical structure of the
properly defined lightfront degrees of freedom. We consider this entropy
associated with causal horizon of the wedge algebra in Minkowski spacetime as
an analog of the quantum Bekenstein black hole entropy similar to the way in
which the Unruh temperature for the wedge algebra may be viewed as an analog in
Minkowski spacetime of the Hawking thermal behavior. My more recent preprint
hep-th/20202085 presents other aspects of the same problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41662 </DOCNO>
Diffractive DIS: Where Are We?


  A brief review of the modern QCD theory of diffractive DIS is given. The
recent progress has been remarkably rapid, all the principal predictions from
the color dipole approach to diffraction - the $(Q^2+m_V^2)$ scaling, the
pattern of SCHNC, shrinkage of the diffraction cone in hard diffractive DIS,
the strong impact of longitudinal gluons in inclusive $J/\Psi$ production at
Tevatron -, have been confirmed experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4615 </DOCNO>
Anomalous finite-size effects and canonical asymptotic behaviors for the


  Anomalously strong finite-size effects have been observed for the mean square
radius of gyration $R^2_K$ of Gaussian random polygons with a fixed knot $K$ as
a function of the number $N$ of polygonal nodes. Through computer simulations
with $N < 2000$, we find for several knots that the gyration radius $R^2_K$ can
be approximated by a power law: $R^2_K \sim N^{2 \nu_{K}^{eff}}$, where the
effective exponents $\nu_{K}^{eff}$ for the knots are larger than 0.5 and less
than 0.6. A crossover occurs for the gyration radius of the trivial knot, when
$N$ is roughly equal to the characteristic length $N_c$ of random knotting. For
the asymptotic behavior of $R^2_K$, however, we find that it is consistent with
the standard one with the scaling exponent 0.5. Thus, although the strong
finite-size effects of $R^2_K$ remain effective for extremely large values of
$N$, they can be matched with the asymptotic behavior of random walks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127398 </DOCNO>
Estimation of Shower Parameters in Wavefront Sampling Technique


  Wavefront sampling experiments record arrival times of \v{C}erenkov photons
with high precision at various locations in \v{C}erenkov pool using a
distributed array of telescopes. It was shown earlier that this photon front
can be fitted with a spherical surface traveling at a speed of light and
originating from a single point on the shower axis. Radius of curvature of the
spherical shower front ($R$) is approximately equal to the height of shower
maximum from observation level. For a given primary species, it is also found
that $R$ varies with the primary energy ($E$) and this provides a method of
estimating the primary energy. In general, one can estimate the arrival times
at each telescope using the radius of curvature, arrival direction of the
primary and the core location. This, when compared with the data enables us to
estimate the above parameters for each shower. This method of obtaining the
arrival direction alleviates the difficulty in the form of systematics arising
out of the plane wavefront approximation for the \v{C}erenkov front. Another
outstanding problem in the field of atmospheric \v{C}erenkov technique is the
difficulty in locating the shower core. This method seems to solve both these
problems and provides an elegant method to determine the arrival direction as
well as the core location from timing information alone. In addition, using the
\v{C}erenkov photon density information and the core position we can estimate
the energy of the primary if the nature of the primary is known. Combining
these two independent estimates of the primary energy, the energy resolution
can be further improved. Application of this methodology to simulated data and
the results will be presented. The intrinsic uncertainties on the various
estimated parameters also will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167990 </DOCNO>
Violations of local realism with quNits up to N=16


  Predictions for systems in entangled states cannot be described in local
realistic terms. However, after admixing some noise such a description is
possible. We show that for two quNits (quantum systems described by N
dimensional Hilbert spaces) in a maximally entangled state the minimal
admixture of noise increases monotonically with N. The results are a direct
extension of those of Kaszlikowski et. al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 4418
(2000), where results for $N\leq 9$ were presented. The extension up to N=16 is
possible when one defines for each N a specially chosen set of observables. We
also present results concerning the critical detectors efficiency beyond which
a valid test of local realism for entangled quNits is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41581 </DOCNO>
Genuine Correlations of Like-Sign Particles in Hadronic Z0 Decays


  Correlations among hadrons with the same electric charge produced in Z0
decays are studied using the high statistics data collected from 1991 through
1995 with the OPAL detector at LEP. Normalized factorial cumulants up to fourth
order are used to measure genuine particle correlations as a function of the
size of phase space domains in rapidity, azimuthal angle and transverse
momentum. Both all-charge and like-sign particle combinations show strong
positive genuine correlations. One-dimensional cumulants initially increase
rapidly with decreasing size of the phase space cells but saturate quickly. In
contrast, cumulants in two- and three-dimensional domains continue to increase.
The strong rise of the cumulants for all-charge multiplets is increasingly
driven by that of like-sign multiplets. This points to the likely influence of
Bose-Einstein correlations. Some of the recently proposed algorithms to
simulate Bose-Einstein effects, implemented in the Monte Carlo model PYTHIA,
are found to reproduce reasonably well the measured second- and higher-order
correlations between particles with the same charge as well as those in
all-charge particle multiplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123561 </DOCNO>
Gas and Galaxy Evolution in Poor Groups of Galaxies


  Poor groups of galaxies are the repositories of most of the baryons in the
local Universe and are environments in which galaxy evolution is likely to be
both more recent and simpler than in the cores of rich clusters. Yet we know
little about groups outside of our own Local Group. We discuss recent results
from optical, X-ray, and radio observations of nearby poor groups that focus on
the evolution of gas and galaxies in these common environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129499 </DOCNO>
Star Formation along the Hubble sequence: results from a new Halpha


  We are conducting a large survey of star formation within ~400 nearby spiral
and irregular galaxies through imaging of the Halpha emission. We present here
some of our first results from 104 of the galaxies in our sample, investigating
the variation of SFR and Halpha EWs along the Hubble sequence for these
galaxies. We find a strong dependence of SFR on Hubble type, peaking for Sbc
galaxies, but with large dispersions within each type. There is a possible
dependence of SFR on bar presence, but none on group membership. There is an
increase in EWs for later Hubble types, but with large dispersions within each
type. We find no dependence of EW on bar presence, group membership or on
absolute magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128013 </DOCNO>
A study of the gravitational wave form from pulsars II


  We present analytical and numerical studies of the Fourier transform (FT) of
the gravitational wave (GW) signal from a pulsar, taking into account the
rotation and orbital motion of the Earth. We also briefly discuss the
Zak-Gelfand Integral Transform. The Zak-Gelfand Integral Transform that arises
in our analytic approach has also been useful for Schrodinger operators in
periodic potentials in condensed matter physics (Bloch wave functions).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96451 </DOCNO>
A braided Yang-Baxter Algebra in a Theory of two coupled Lattice Quantum


  A generalization of the Yang-Baxter algebra is found in quantizing the
monodromy matrix of two (m)KdV equations discretized on a space lattice. This
braided Yang-Baxter equation still ensures that the transfer matrix generates
operators in involution which form the Cartan sub-algebra of the braided
quantum group. Representations diagonalizing these operators are described
through relying on an easy generalization of Algebraic Bethe Ansatz techniques.
The conjecture that this monodromy matrix algebra leads, {\it in the cylinder
continuum limit}, to a Perturbed Minimal Conformal Field Theory description is
analysed and supported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148737 </DOCNO>
A fresh look at the Bohr-Rosenfeld analysis and a proof of a conjecture


  Bohr and Rosenfeld carried out an analysis of the consequences of field
theory commutation relations. In this note the analysis is sharpened. A
conjecture of Heisenberg that volume is quantized is shown to be a consequence
of the second quantization of gauge fields. A way to generalize the equations
of physics to include the Planck length is indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73890 </DOCNO>
Theoretical issues at LEP2 and LC


  After 12 years of glorious data taking LEP has been shut down. During the
past two years an incredible effort has been devoted to get more accurate
predictions and estimates of the related theoretical uncertainties. Many of the
theoretical questions driven by LEP are also relevant at the LC, where
predictions will be needed with even higher accuracy. This is particularly true
for 4-fermion Physics. In this contribution, I review some of the most
important theoretical achievements at LEP in understanding W and Z pair
production, 4-fermion + 1 visible photon signatures and in solving problems
related with gauge invariance. Issues on single W Physics are covered
elsewhere.
 Part of the presented work is in progress, the final LEP2 analysis still being
under way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97754 </DOCNO>
The Hilbert transform, rearrangements, and logarithmic determinants


  This is an extended version of notes prepared for the talk at the conference
"Rajchman-Zygmund-Marcinkiewicz 2000" based on recent works of the authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73340 </DOCNO>
Radion Phenomenology in the Randall Sundrum Scenario


  Phenomenology of a radion ($\phi$) in the Randall-Sundrum scenario is
discussed. The radion couples to the trace of energy momentum tensor of the
standard model with a strength suppressed only by a new scale
($\Lambda_{\phi}$) which is an order of the electroweak scale. In particular,
the effective coupling of a radion to two gluons is enhanced due to the trace
anomaly of QCD. Therefore, its production cross section at hadron colliders
could be enhanced, and the dominant decay mode of a relatively light radion is
$\phi \to g g$, unlike the SM Higgs boson case. We also present constraints on
the mass $m_{\phi}$ and the new scale $\Lambda_{\phi}$ from the Higgs search
limit at LEP, perturbative unitarity bound and the stability of the
radion/Higgs potential under radiative corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1075 </DOCNO>
A real-space description of the glass transition based on


  An alternative scenario for the glass transition based on the cooperative
nature of nucleation processes and the role of entropic effects is presented.
The new ingredient is to relate the dissipation during the relaxation process
to the release of strain energy driven by the nucleation of progressively
larger cooperative spatial regions. Using an equiprobability hypothesis for the
transition between different metastable configurations, we obtain a relation
between the free energy dissipation rate and the size of the largest
cooperative regions. Th is leads to a new phenomenological relation between the
largest relaxation time in the supercooled liquid phase and the effective
temperature. This differs from the classical Adam-Gibbs relation in that
predicts no divergence of the primary relaxation time at the Kauzmann
temperature but a crossover from fragile to strong behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124523 </DOCNO>
A Mapping Survey of the 12CO and 13CO Emission in Galaxies


  We present spectra of the extended 12CO and 13CO J=1-0 emission along the
major axes of 17 nearby galaxies. Spatial variations in the ratio of CO and
13CO integrated intensities, R, are found in nearly every galaxy observed.
There is an overall variation in R of 20-40% from the inner 2 kpc to the disk.
Roughly a third of the survey galaxies have such gradients in R detected above
the 2-sigma confidence level. Though some galaxies show a lower central value
of R, on average R inside 2 kpc is 10-30% higher than R outside of 2 kpc.
  An increase in the CO/13CO intensity ratio from disk to nucleus may imply
that the conversion factor between CO intensity and H2 column density, X, is
lower in galactic nuclei. Also variations in physical conditions, most notably
the gas kinetic temperature, affect both R and X. Abundance variations probably
do not cause the gradient in R, though we do not rule out a decrease in
effective cloud column densities in galactic nuclei possibly caused by
destructive starburst superwinds. A modest rise in temperature (less than a
factor of 2 or 3) from outside a 2 kpc radius towards the nucleus can easily
account for the observed gradient. These results support previous work implying
that X is lower in the center of the Milky Way and probably most galactic
nuclei. Therefore calculating H2 masses using the standard Galactic X-factor,
especially within the central few kpc of galaxies, overestimates the true mass
by factors of a few. The standard X-factor still appears to be appropriate for
galactic disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86227 </DOCNO>
Holography and Brane Cosmology in Domain Wall Backgrounds


  We consider a class of domain-wall black hole solutions in the dilaton
gravity with a Liouville-type dilaton potential. Using the surface counterterm
approach we calculate the stress-energy tensor of quantum field theory (QFT)
corresponding to the domain-wall black hole in the domain-wall/QFT
correspondence. A brane universe is investigated in the domain-wall black hole
background. When the tension term of the brane is equal to the surface
counterterm, we find that the equation of motion of the brane can be mapped to
the standard form of FRW equations, but with a varying gravitational constant
on the brane. A Cardy-Verlinde-like formula is found, which relates the entropy
density of the QFT to its energy density. At the moment when the brane crosses
the black hole horizon of the background, the Cardy-Verlinde-like formula
coincides with the Friedmann equation of the brane universe, and the Hubble
entropy bound is saturated by the entropy of domain-wall black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4270 </DOCNO>
Randomly Driven Granular Fluids: collisional statistics and short scale


  We present a molecular dynamics and kinetic theory study of granular
material, modeled by inelastic hard disks, fluidized by a random driving force.
The focus is on collisional averages and short distance correlations in the
non-equilibrium steady state, in order to analyze in a quantitative manner the
breakdown of molecular chaos, i.e. factorization of the two-particle
distribution function, $f^{(2)}(x_1,x_2) \simeq \chi f^(1)(x_1) f^{(1)}(x_2)$
in a product of single particle ones, where $x_i = \{{\bf r}_i, {\bf v}_i \}$
with $i=1,2$ and $\chi$ represents the position correlation. We have found that
molecular chaos is only violated in a small region of the two-particle phase
space $\{x_1,x_2\}$, where there is a predominance of grazing collisions. The
size of this singular region grows with increasing inelasticity. The existence
of particle- and noise-induced recollisions magnifies the departure from mean
field behavior. The implications of this breakdown in several physical
quantities are explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95809 </DOCNO>
Sklyanin Bracket and Deformation of the Calogero-Moser System


  A two-dimensional integrable system being a deformation of the rational
Calogero-Moser system is constructed via the symplectic reduction, performed
with respect to the Sklyanin algebra action. We explicitly resolve the
respective classical equations of motion via the projection method and quantize
the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169449 </DOCNO>
Non-Newtonian Mechanics


  The classical motion of spinning particles can be described without employing
Grassmann variables or Clifford algebras, but simply by generalizing the usual
spinless theory. We only assume the invariance with respect to the Poincare'
group; and only requiring the conservation of the linear and angular momenta we
derive the zitterbewegung: namely the decomposition of the 4-velocity in the
newtonian constant term p/m and in a non-newtonian time-oscillating spacelike
term. Consequently, free classical particles do not obey, in general, the
Principle of Inertia. Superluminal motions are also allowed, without violating
Special Relativity, provided that the energy-momentum moves along the worldline
of the center-of-mass. Moreover, a non-linear, non-constant relation holds
between the time durations measured in different reference frames. Newtonian
Mechanics is re-obtained as a particular case of the present theory: namely for
spinless systems with no zitterbewegung. Introducing a Lagrangian containing
also derivatives of the 4-velocity we get a new equation of the motion,
actually a generalization of the Newton Law a=F/m. Requiring the rotational
symmetry and the reparametrization invariance we derive the classical spin
vector and the conserved scalar Hamiltonian, respectively. We derive also the
classical Dirac spin and analyze the general solution of the Eulero-Lagrange
equation for Dirac particles. The interesting case of spinning systems with
zero intrinsic angular momentum is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76659 </DOCNO>
Coherent Pair State of Pion in Constituent Quark Model


  A coherent state of pions is introduced to the nonrelativistic quark model.
The coherent pair approximation is employed for the pion field in order to
maintain the spin-isospin symmetry. In this approximation the pion is localized
in the momentum space, and the vertex form factor in the pion-quark interaction
is derived from this localization. The nucleon masses and wave functions are
calculated using this model, and our results are compared to those of the quark
model with the one pion exchange potential. Similar result is obtained for the
mass spectrum, but there exists a clear difference in the internal structure of
nucleon resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76081 </DOCNO>
Induced Lorentz-Violating Chern-Simons Term in QED: Uncovering Short


  We show that the correctly evaluated effective Lagrangian should include
short-distance interaction terms which have been avoided under the protection
of usual regularization and must be properly identified and reinstated if
regularization is to be removed. They have special physical and mathematical
significance as well as restoring gauge invariance and suppressing divergence
in the effective Lagrangian. The rich structure of the short-distance
interaction terms can open up challenging opportunities where the conventional
regularization with rigid structure is unavailable and inappropriate. It
becomes clear that gauge invariance is preserved with or without regularization
and therefore there is no Lorentz-Violating Chern-Simons term in QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113688 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos: Applications for Prediction of Weather and


  Turbulence, namely, irregular fluctuations in space and time characterize
fluid flows in general and atmospheric flows in particular.The irregular,i.e.,
nonlinear space-time fluctuations on all scales contribute to the unpredictable
nature of both short-term weather and long-term climate.It is of importance to
quantify the total pattern of fluctuations for predictability studies. The
power spectra of temporal fluctuations are broadband and exhibit inverse power
law form with different slopes for different scale ranges. Inverse power-law
form for power spectra implies scaling (self similarity) for the scale range
over which the slope is constant. Atmospheric flows therefore exhibit multiple
scaling or multifractal structure.Standard meteorological theory cannot explain
satisfactorily the observed multifractal structure of atmospheric
flows.Selfsimilar spatial pattern implies long-range spatial correlations.
Atmospheric flows therefore exhibit long-range spatiotemporal correlations,
namely,self-organized criticality,signifying order underlying apparent chaos. A
recently developed non-deterministic cell dynamical system model for
atmospheric flows predicts the observed self-organized criticality as intrinsic
to quantumlike mechanics governing flow dynamics.The model predictions are in
agreement with continuous periodogram spectral analysis of meteorological data
sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2713 </DOCNO>
Adsorption Isotherms of Hydrogen: The Role of Thermal Fluctuations


  It is shown that experimentally obtained isotherms of adsorption on solid
substrates may be completely reconciled with Lifshitz theory when thermal
fluctuations are taken into account. This is achieved within the framework of a
solid-on-solid model which is solved numerically. Analysis of the fluctuation
contributions observed for hydrogen adsorption onto gold substrates allows to
determine the surface tension of the free hydrogen film as a function of film
thickness. It is found to decrease sharply for film thicknesses below seven
atomic layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126864 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Monitoring of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Akn 564.


  We present the results of a two-year long optical monitoring program of the
narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Akn 564. The majority of this monitoring project
was also covered by X-ray observations (RXTE) and for a period of ~50 days, we
observed the galaxy in UV (HST) and X-rays (RXTE & ASCA) simultaneously with
the ground-based observations. Rapid and large-amplitude variations seen in the
X-ray band, on a daily and hourly time-scale, were not detected at optical and
UV wavelengths, which in turn exhibited much lower variability either on short
(one day) or long (several months) time-scales. The only significant optical
variations can be described as two 2--4 day events with ~10% flux variations.
We detect no significant optical line variations and thus cannot infer a
reverberation size for the broad-line region. Similarly, the large X-ray
variations seem to vanish when the light curve is smoothed over a period of 30
days. The UV continuum follows the X-rays with a lag of ~0.4 days, and the
optical band lags the UV band by ~2 days. No significant correlation was found
between the entire X-ray dataset and the optical band. Focusing on a 20-day
interval around the strongest optical event we detect a significant
X-ray--optical correlation with similar events seen in the UV and X-rays. Our
data are consistent with reprocessing models on the grounds of the energy
emitted in this single event. However, several large X-ray flares produced no
corresponding optical emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169423 </DOCNO>
Open n-Qubit System as a Quantum Computer with Four-Valued Logic


  In this paper we generalize the usual model of quantum computer to a model in
which the state is an operator of density matrix and the gates are general
superoperators (quantum operations), not necessarily unitary. A mixed state
(operator of density matrix) of n two-level quantum system (open or closed
n-qubit system) is considered as an element of $4^{n}$-dimensional operator
Hilbert space (Liouville space). It allows to use quantum computer (circuit)
model with 4-valued logic. The gates of this model are general superoperators
which act on n-ququats state. Ququat is quantum state in a 4-dimensional
(operator) Hilbert space. Unitary two-valued logic gates and quantum operations
for n-qubit open system are considered as four-valued logic gates acting on
n-ququats. We discuss properties of quantum 4-valued logic gates. In the paper
we study universality for quantum four-valued logic gates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86053 </DOCNO>
No bounce behaviour in Kantowski-Sachs Cosmologies


  Many cosmological scenarios envisage either a bounce of the universe at early
times, or collapse of matter locally to form a black hole which re-expands into
a new expanding universe region. Energy conditions preclude this happening for
ordinary matter in general relativistic universes, but scalar or dilatonic
fields can violate some of these conditions, and so could possibly provide
bounce behaviour. In this paper we show that such bounces cannot occur in
Kantowski-Sachs models without violating the {\it reality condition}
$\dot{\phi}^2\geq 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 152 </DOCNO>
Mechanical effects in quantum dots in magnetic and electric fields


  The mechanical effects in finite two-dimensional electron systems (quantum
dots or droplets) in a strong perpendicular magnetic field are studied. It is
shown that, due to asymmetry of the cyclotron dynamics, an additional in-plane
electric field causes a ground state transition accompanied by a change in the
average total angular momentum of the system, unless the lateral confining
potential is exactly parabolic. A precise mechanical experiment is proposed in
which a macroscopic angular momentum of a dense matrix of quantum dots could be
measured and used to detect and estimate anharmonicity of the confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148813 </DOCNO>
Dielectric-branes in Non-supersymmetric SO(3)-invariant Perturbation of


  We study non-supersymmetric SO(3)-invariant deformations of d=3, N=8 super
Yang-Mills theory and their type IIA string theory dual. By adding both gaugino
mass and scalar mass, dielectric D4-brane potential coincides with D5-brane
potential in type IIB theory. We find the region of parameter space where the
non-supersymmetric vacuum is described by stable dielectric NS5-branes. By
considering the generalized action for NS5-branes in the presence of D4-flux,
we also analyze the properties of dielectric NS5-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128925 </DOCNO>
Modelling of surface magnetic field in neutron stars: application to


  We propose a vacuum gap (VG) model which can be applied uniformly for normal
and high magnetic field pulsars. The model requires strong and non-dipolar
surface magnetic field near the pulsar polar cap. We assume that the actual
surface magnetic field in pulsars results from a superposition of global dipole
field and crust-anchored small scale magnetic anomaly. We provide a numerical
formalism for modelling such structures of surface magnetic field and explore
it within the framework of VG model, which requires strong surface fields more
than 10^{13} G.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1707 </DOCNO>
Modular transformation and boundary states in logarithmic conformal


  We study the $c=-2$ model of logarithmic conformal field theory in the
presence of a boundary using symplectic fermions. We find boundary states with
consistent modular properties. A peculiar feature of this model is that the
vacuum representation corresponding to the identity operator is a
sub-representation of a ``reducible but indecomposable'' larger representation.
This leads to unusual properties, such as the failure of the Verlinde formula.
Despite such complexities in the structure of modules, our results suggest that
logarithmic conformal field theories admit bona fide boundary states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 819 </DOCNO>
Structural Properties of Self-Attracting Walks


  Self-attracting walks (SATW) with attractive interaction u > 0 display a
swelling-collapse transition at a critical u_{\mathrm{c}} for dimensions d >=
2, analogous to the \Theta transition of polymers. We are interested in the
structure of the clusters generated by SATW below u_{\mathrm{c}} (swollen
walk), above u_{\mathrm{c}} (collapsed walk), and at u_{\mathrm{c}}, which can
be characterized by the fractal dimensions of the clusters d_{\mathrm{f}} and
their interface d_{\mathrm{I}}. Using scaling arguments and Monte Carlo
simulations, we find that for u<u_{\mathrm{c}}, the structures are in the
universality class of clusters generated by simple random walks. For
u>u_{\mathrm{c}}, the clusters are compact, i.e. d_{\mathrm{f}}=d and
d_{\mathrm{I}}=d-1. At u_{\mathrm{c}}, the SATW is in a new universality class.
The clusters are compact in both d=2 and d=3, but their interface is fractal:
d_{\mathrm{I}}=1.50\pm0.01 and 2.73\pm0.03 in d=2 and d=3, respectively. In
d=1, where the walk is collapsed for all u and no swelling-collapse transition
exists, we derive analytical expressions for the average number of visited
sites <S> and the mean time <t> to visit S sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86482 </DOCNO>
Localization of Scalar Fluctuations in a Dilatonic Brane-World Scenario


  We derive and solve the full set of scalar perturbation equations for a class
of $Z_2$-symmetric five-dimensional geometries generated by a bulk cosmological
constant and by a 3-brane non-minimally coupled to a bulk dilaton field. The
massless scalar modes, like their tensor analogues, are localized on the brane,
and provide long-range four-dimensional dilatonic interactions, which are
generically present even when matter on the brane carries no dilatonic charge.
The shorter-range corrections induced by the continuum of massive scalar modes
are always present: they persist even in the case of a trivial dilaton
background (the standard Randall--Sundrum configuration) and vanishing
dilatonic charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114343 </DOCNO>
Reimplementing the EPICS Static Database Access Library


  The Static Database Access library was first introduced in EPICS
(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) Release 3.11 in 1994. It
provides an application program interface (API) for database configuration
tools written in C to manipulate database record definitions and is used for
various tasks within the core EPICS software. This paper describes the
structure of a replacement for the original library that adds a native C++ API
and will make some future enhancements to EPICS significantly easier to
implement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149917 </DOCNO>
Duality and Integrability of Two Dimensional String Effective Action


  We present a prescription for constructing the monodromy matrix, $\hat{\cal
M}(\omega)$, for $O(d,d)$ invariant string effective actions and derive its
transformation properties under the $T$-duality group. This allows us to
construct $\hat{\cal M}(\omega)$ for new backgrounds, starting from known ones,
which are related by $T$-duality. As an application, we derive the monodromy
matrix for the exactly solvable Nappi-Witten model, both when B=0 and $B\neq
0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98145 </DOCNO>
Calabi-Yau-threefolds with Picard number $\rho(X)=2$ and their Kaehler


  We describe properties of the K\"ahler cone of general Calabi-Yau-threefolds
with Picard number $\rho(X)=2$ and prove the rationality of the K\"ahler cone,
if $X$ is a Calabi-Yau-hypersurface in a ${\mathbb P}^2$-bundle over ${\mathbb
P}^2$ and $c_3(X)\le -54$. Without the latter assumption we prove the
positivity of $c_2(X)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76663 </DOCNO>
Inelastic Rescattering in B Decays to $\pi \pi$, $\pi K$, and


  We discuss all contributions from inelastic SU(3)-symmetric rescattering in B
decays into a final pair of pseudoscalar mesons $PP = \pi \pi$, $K\bar{K}$,
$\pi K$. FSI-induced modifications of amplitudes obtained from the quark-line
approach are described in terms of a few parameters which take care of all
possible SU(3)-symmetric forms relevant for final-state interactions. Although
in general it appears impossible to uniquely determine FSI effects from the
combined set of all $\pi \pi$, $K \bar{K}$, and $\pi K$ data, drawing some
conclusions is feasible. In particular, it is shown that in leading order the
amplitudes of strangeness-changing B decays depend on only one additional
complex FSI-related parameter apart from those present in the definitions of
penguin and tree amplitudes. It is also shown that joint considerations of
U-spin-related $\Delta S =0$ and $|\Delta S|=1$ decay amplitudes are modified
when non-negligible SU(3)-symmetric FSI are present. In particular, if
rescattering in $B^+ \to K^+\bar{K}^0$ is substantial, determination of the
CP-violating weak angle $\gamma$ from $B^+ \to \pi ^+ K^0$, $B^0_d \to
\pi^-K^+$, $B^0_s \to \pi ^+ K^-$, and their CP counterparts might be
susceptible to important FSI-induced corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168079 </DOCNO>
Comprehensive theory of the relative phase in atom-field interactions


  We explore the role played by the quantum relative phase in a well-known
model of atom-field interaction, namely, the Dicke model. We introduce an
appropriate polar decomposition of the atom-field relative amplitudes that
leads to a truly Hermitian relative-phase operator, whose eigenstates correctly
describe the phase properties, as we demonstrate by studying the positive
operator-valued measure derived from it. We find the probability distribution
for this relative phase and, by resorting to a numerical procedure, we study
its time evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125198 </DOCNO>
4U 1957+11: a persistent low-mass X-ray binary and black-hole candidate


  We report on several pointed Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the
enigmatic low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1957+11 at different X-ray
luminosities. The luminosity of the source varied by more than a factor of four
on time scales of months to years. The spectrum of the source tends to get
harder when its luminosity increases. Only very weak (1%-2% rms amplitude;
0.001-10 Hz; 2-60 keV) rapid X-ray variability was observed during the
observations. A comparison of the spectral and temporal behaviour of 4U1957+11
with other X-ray binary systems, in particular LMC X-3, indicates that 4U
1957+11 is likely to be a persistent LMXB harboring a black hole and which is
persistently in the black-hole high state. If confirmed, it would be the only
such system known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128062 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: constraints on cosmic star-formation


  We present the first results on the history of star formation in the Universe
based on the `cosmic spectrum', in particular, the volume-averaged,
luminosity-weighted, stellar absorption line spectrum of present day galaxies
from the 2dFGRS. This method is novel in that unlike previous studies it is not
an estimator based on total luminosity density. The cosmic spectrum is fitted
with models of population synthesis, tracing the history of star formation
prior to the epoch of the observed galaxies, using a method we have developed
which decouples continuum and spectral-line variations and is robust against
spectrophotometric uncertainties. The cosmic spectrum can only be fitted with
models incorporating chemical evolution and indicates there was a peak of
star-formation rate in the past of at least three times the current value and
that the increase back to z=1, assuming it scales as (1+z)^beta, has a strong
upper limit of beta<5. We find in the general case there is some model
degeneracy between star formation at low and high redshift. However, if we
incorporate previous work on star formation at z<1 we can put strong upper
limits on the SFR at z>1: e.g., if beta>2 then the SFR for 1<z<5 scales as
(1+z)^alpha with alpha<2. This is equivalent to stating that no more than 80%
of stars in the Universe formed at z>1. Our results are consistent with the
best-fit results from compilations of cosmic SFR estimates based on UV
luminosity density, which give 1.8<beta<2.9 and -1.0<alpha<0.7, and are also
consistent with estimates of Omega_stars based on the K-band luminosity
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2109 </DOCNO>
Hydrostatic Pressure Effect on the Superconducting Transition


  The pressure effect on the superconducting transition temperature of MgB2 has
been determined using gas pressure up to 1 GPa. The transition temperature Tc
was found to decrease linearly at a constant rate over the whole pressure
range. The recently observed dramatic decrease of dTc/dp at the 40 K freezing
pressure (0.5 GPa) cannot be confirmed. The pressure coefficient was also found
to be independent of the hydrostatic or nonhydrostatic He environment. The
differences in recently reported values of dTc/dp may be attributed to
variations in the sample conditions, e.g. stoichiometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98918 </DOCNO>
BC_n-symmetric polynomials


  We consider two important families of BC_n-symmetric polynomials, namely
Okounkov's interpolation polynomials and Koornwinder's orthogonal polynomials.
We give a family of difference equations satisfied by the former, as well as
generalizations of the branching rule and Pieri identity, leading to a number
of multivariate q-analogues of classical hypergeometric transformations. For
the latter, we give new proofs of Macdonald's conjectures, as well as new
identities, including an inverse binomial formula and several branching rule
and connection coefficient identities. We also derive families of ordinary
symmetric functions that reduce to the interpolation and Koornwinder
polynomials upon appropriate specialization. As an application, we consider a
number of new integral conjectures associated to classical symmetric spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74980 </DOCNO>
Uraltsev Sum Rule in Bakamjian-Thomas Quark Models


  Removed by arXiv admin. Was erroneous duplicate submission of hep-ph/0107047
`On P-wave meson decay constants in the heavy quark limit of QCD', with wrong
title and abstract.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169099 </DOCNO>
Classical Communication via the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Channel Alone: A


  We uncover an apparent instance of classical information transfer via only
the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channel in a quantum optical protocol between Alice
and Bob, involving two-photon maximal path entanglement and based on a recent
Innsbruck experiment. The signal is traced to the appearance of coherent
reduction due to the onset of spatial degeneracy in the eigenvalue spectrum for
Alice's measurement. We present our result primarily as an issue for
experimental testing rather than as a definitive prediction at this stage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3591 </DOCNO>
Low-frequency dynamics of disordered XY spin chains and pinned density


  A long-standing problem of the low-energy dynamics of a disordered XY spin
chain is re-examined. The case of a rigid chain is studied where the quantum
effects can be treated quasiclassically. It is shown that as the frequency
decreases, the relevant excitations change from localized spin waves to
two-level systems to soliton-antisoliton pairs. The linear-response correlation
functions are calculated. The results apply to other periodic glassy systems
such as pinned density waves, planar vortex lattices, stripes, and disordered
Luttinger liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124927 </DOCNO>
Three newly-discovered M-dwarf companions of Solar Neighbourhood stars


  We present low-resolution spectroscopy of newly-discovered candidate
companions to three stars in the Solar Neighbourhood. All three companions are
M dwarfs, with spectral types ranging from M4 to M9.5. In two cases, G85-55`B'
(M6) and G87-9`B' (M4), we have circumstantial evidence from spectroscopy,
photometry and limited astrometry that the systems are physical binaries; in
the third, G216-7B (M9.5), comparison of POSS II IIIaF plate material and the
2MASS image indicates common proper motion. The primary star in this system,
G216-7A (M0), appears itself to be an unresolved, nearly equal-mass binary. All
three low-mass companions are highly likely to be stellar in nature, although
G216-7B lies very close to the hydrogen-burning limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74498 </DOCNO>
Hyperon polarization in semi-inclusive deeply inelastic lepton-nucleon


  We calculate the polarizations for different octet hyperons produced in the
current fragmentation regions of the deeply inelastic lepton-nucleon
scatterings $\mu^-N \to \mu^- HX$ and $\nu_{\mu} N \to \mu^- HX$ at high energy
using different models for spin transfer in fragmentation processes. The
results show that measurements of those hyperon polarizations should provide
useful information to distinguish between different models in particular the
SU(6) and the DIS pictures used frequently in the literature. We found, in
particular, that measuring the polarization of $\Sigma^+$ produced in these
processes can give a better test to the validity of the different spin transfer
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168750 </DOCNO>
Can spectral and local information decide separability?


  We discuss the discriminating power of separability criteria, which are based
on the spectrum of a quantum state and its reductions. Common examples are
entropic inequalities utilizing conditional Tsallis or Renyi entropies. We
prove that these inequalities are implied by the reduction criterion for any
positive value of the entropic parameters. We show however, that arbitrary sets
of criteria based on spectral and local information can never be sufficient by
establishing a separable, isospectral and locally undistinguishable counterpart
for any Werner state in odd dimensions. For the case of two qubit systems we
show that a simple controlled phase gate operation can produce an isospectral,
entangled state out of a separable one, which has the same reductions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97502 </DOCNO>
Pointwise Green's function bounds and stability of relaxation shocks


  We establish sharp pointwise Green's function bounds and consequent
linearized and nonlinear stability for smooth traveling front solutions, or
relaxation shocks, of general hyperbolic relaxation systems of dissipative
type, under the necessary assumptions ([G,Z.1,Z.4]) of spectral stability,
i.e., stable point spectrum of the linearized operator about the wave, and
hyperbolic stability of the corresponding ideal shock of the associated
equilibrium system. This yields, in particular, nonlinear stability of weak
relaxation shocks of the discrete kinetic Jin--Xin and Broadwell models. The
techniques of this paper should have further application in the closely related
case of traveling waves of systems with partial viscosity, for example in
compressible gas dynamics or MHD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86722 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of binary black holes and neutron stars


  We consider compact binary systems, modeled in general relativity as vacuum
or perfect-fluid spacetimes with a helical Killing vector k^\alpha,
heuristically, the generator of time-translations in a corotating frame.
Systems that are stationary in this sense are not asymptotically flat, but have
asymptotic behavior corresponding to equal amounts of ingoing and outgoing
radiation. For black-hole binaries, a rigidity theorem implies that the Killing
vector lies along the horizon's generators, and from this one can deduce the
zeroth law (constant surface gravity of the horizon). Remarkably, although the
mass and angular momentum of such a system are not defined, there is an exact
first law, relating the change in the asymptotic Noether charge to the changes
in the vorticity, baryon mass, and entropy of the fluid, and in the area of
black holes.
  Binary systems with M\Omega small have an approximate asymptopia in which one
can write the first law in terms of the asymptotic mass and angular momentum.
Asymptotic flatness is precise in two classes of solutions used to model binary
systems: spacetimes satisfying the post-Newtonian equations, and solutions to a
modified set of field equations that have a spatially conformally flat metric.
(The spatial conformal flatness formalism with helical symmetry, however, is
consistent with maximal slicing only if replaces the extrinsic curvature in the
field equations by an artificially tracefree expression in terms of the shift
vector.) For these spacetimes, nearby equilibria whose stars have the same
vorticity obey the relation \delta M = \Omega \delta J, from which one can
obtain a turning point criterion that governs the stability of orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4400 </DOCNO>
Persistence in One-dimensional Ising Models with Parallel Dynamics


  We study persistence in one-dimensional ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic
nearest-neighbor Ising models with parallel dynamics. The probability P(t) that
a given spin has not flipped up to time t, when the system evolves from an
initial random configuration, decays as P(t) \sim 1/t^theta_p with theta_p
\simeq 0.75 numerically. A mapping to the dynamics of two decoupled A+A \to 0
models yields theta_p = 3/4 exactly. A finite size scaling analysis clarifies
the nature of dynamical scaling in the distribution of persistent sites
obtained under this dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4061 </DOCNO>
Metastability in Glauber dynamics in the low-temperature limit: Beyond


  We consider Glauber dynamics of classical spin systems of Ising type in the
limit when the temperature tends to zero in finite volume. We show that
information on the structure of the most profound minima and the connecting
saddle points of the Hamiltonian can be translated into sharp estimates on the
distribution of the times of metastable transitions between such minima as well
as the low lying spectrum of the generator. In contrast with earlier results on
such problems, where only the asymptotics of the exponential rates is obtained,
we compute the precise pre-factors up to multiplicative errors that tend to 1
as $T\downarrow 0$. As an example we treat the nearest neighbor Ising model on
the 2 and 3 dimensional square lattice. Our results improve considerably
earlier estimates obtained by Neves-Schonmann and Ben Arous-Cerf. Our results
employ the methods introduced by Bovier, Eckhoff, Gayrard, and Klein.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74664 </DOCNO>
Top-quark spin correlation at Linear Colliders with anomalous couplings


  We investigate the feasibility of probing anomalous top-quark couplings of
$Wtb$, $Z t \bar{t}$, and $\gamma t \bar{t}$ in terms of an effective
Lagrangian with dimension-six operators at future $e^+e^-$ linear colliders
with a c. m. energy $\sqrt s \sim 500-800$ GeV. We first examine the
constraints on these anomalous couplings from the $Z\to b \bar{b}$ data at LEP
I and from unitarity considerations. We then consider in detail the effects of
anomalous couplings on $t \bar{t}$ spin correlations in the top-pair production
and decay with three spin bases: the helicity, beamline and off-diagonal bases.
Our results show that the polarized beams are more suitable for exploring the
effects of different new operators. For polarized beams, the helicity basis
yields the best sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129565 </DOCNO>
Chandra reveals the Dynamic Structure of the Inner Crab Nebula


  We present a series of monitoring observations of the Crab Nebula with the
Chandra X-ray Observatory, focusing on the temporal evolution of the structure.
This series of 8 observations, spanning a period of approximately six months,
shows the dynamic nature of the inner X-ray structures. We detected outward
moving ``wisps'' from the recently discovered inner ring seen in optical
observations. We also find that the inner ring itself shows temporal variations
in structure. The torus also appears to be expanding. Such temporal variations
generally match the canonical scenario that an expanding synchrotron nebula
injected from the pulsar is confined by the supernova ejecta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40771 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in the early and the present Universe: from the big


  In these lectures I discuss cosmological phase transitions with the goal of
establishing the possibility of observational consequences. I argue that the
{\em only} phase transition amenable of experimental study within the
foreseeable future is that predicted by QCD and discuss some of the potential
observational cosmological consequences associated with this phase
transition(s). I describe the experimental effort to study the QCD phase
transition(s) at RHIC and SPS and summarize some of the recent experimental
results. The possibility of novel phases of QCD in the core of pulsars is
discussed along with the suggested observational consequences. A brief review
of standard big bang cosmology as well as the astrophysics of compact stars
sets the stage for understanding the observational cosmological and
astrophysical consequences of phase transitions in the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41625 </DOCNO>
Analysis of nature of phi -> gamma pi0 eta and phi -> gamma pi0 pi0


  We study interference patterns in the phi -> gamma a0 + pi0 rho -> gamma pi
eta and phi -> gamma f0 + pi0 rho -> gamma pi0 pi0 reactions. Taking into
account the interference, we fit the experimental data and show that the
background reaction does not distort the pi0eta spectrum in the decay phi ->
gamma pi eta everywhere over the energy region and does not distort the pi0 pi0
spectrum in the decay phi -> gamma pi0 pi0 when the invariant mass m_{pi0 pi0}
> 670 MeV. We discuss the details of the scalar meson production in the
radiative decays and note that there are conclusive arguments in favor of the
one-loop mechanism phi -> K+K- -> gamma a0 (or gamma f0). We discuss also
distinctions between the four-quark, molecular, and two-quark models and argue
that the establishment of the scalar meson production mechanism in the phi
radiative decays gives new strong evidence in favor of the four-quark nature of
the scalar a0(980) and f0(980) mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5750 </DOCNO>
Dipolar interactions and anisotropic magnetoresistance in metallic


  We revisit the theory of magnetoresistance for a system of nanoscopic
magnetic granules in metallic matrix. Using a simple model for the spin
dependent perturbation potential of the granules, we solve Boltzmann equation
for the spin dependent components of the non equilibrium electronic
distribution function. For typical values of the geometric parameters in
granular systems, we find a peculiar structure of the distribution function of
conduction electrons, which is at variance with the two-current model of
conduction in inhomogeneous systems. Our treatment explicitly includes the
effects of dipolar correlations yielding a magnetoresistance ratio which
contains, in addition to the term proportional to the square of uniform
magnetization (< {\boldsymbol \mu} >), a weak anisotropic contribution
depending on the angle between electric and magnetic fields, and arising from
the anisotropic character of dipolar interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86988 </DOCNO>
Kalb--Ramond dipole solution in low-energy bosonic string theory


  We construct a new solution subspace for the bosonic string theory toroidally
compactified to 3 dimensions. This subspace corresponds to the complex harmonic
scalar field coupled to the effective 3--dimensional gravity. We calculate a
class of the asymptotically flat and free of the Dirac string peculiarity
solutions which describes a Kalb--Ramond dipole source with the generally
nontrivial dilaton charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1770 </DOCNO>
Transparent Lyotropic Ferronematics


  Transparent lyotropic ferronematic dispersions are synthesized by admixing a
cationic ferrofluid to the lyotropic liquid crystal PL/1D/Wt. The transparency
is spontaneous and time-independent. It is observed in zero magnetic field in
white and polarized light for disordered layers of ferroliquid crystals of
thicknesses ~1 cm in both isotropic and nematic phases. Justification of the
low extinction of light in the systems of the lyotropic origin is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123835 </DOCNO>
Red synchrotron jets in Parkes quasars


  We present model fits to spectral energy distributions in the optical and NIR
of >100 flat-spectrum radio quasars from the Parkes Half-Jansky Flat-spectrum
Sample. We find that approximately 40% of the sources have power-law SEDs,
while a similar number show evidence for two primary components: a blue power
law and optical synchrotron emission. The blue power law is similar to the
dominant component observed in the spectra of optically-selected QSOs. There is
strong evidence that the synchrotron component has a turnover in the UV-optical
rest frame of the spectrum. In the remaining sources it is likely that the
synchrotron peaks at longer wavelengths. This mixture of two components is
supported by optical polarisation measurements in a subgroup of the sources.
The sources with power law SEDs show evidence for an excess number of red power
law slopes compared to optically-selected quasars. There are additional
spectral components in some of the sources, such as dust and the underlying
galaxy, which have not been considered here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5780 </DOCNO>
On the connection between off-equilibrium response and statics in non


  The connection between the out of equilibrium linear response function and
static properties established by Franz, Mezard, Parisi and Peliti for slowly
relaxing systems is analyzed in the context of phase ordering processes.
Separating the response in the bulk of domains from interface response, we find
that in order for the connection to hold the interface contribution must be
asymptotically negligible. How fast this happens depends on the competition
between interface curvature and the perturbing external field in driving domain
growth. This competition depends on space dimensionality and there exists a
critical value $d_c=3$ below which the interface response becomes increasingly
important eventually invalidating the connection between statics and dynamics
as the limit $d=1$ is reached. This mechanism is analyzed numerically for the
Ising model with $d$ ranging from 1 to 4 and analytically for a continuous spin
model with arbitrary dimensionality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7518 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Effects in the Quantum Hall Regime


  We report results of a study of (integer) quantum Hall transitions in a
single or multiple Landau levels for non-interacting electrons in disordered
two-dimensional systems, obtained by projecting a tight-binding Hamiltonian to
corresponding magnetic subbands. In finite-size systems, we find that
mesoscopic effects often dominate, leading to apparent non-universal scaling
behaviour in higher Landau levels. This is because localization length, which
grows exponentially with Landau level index, exceeds the system sizes amenable
to numerical study at present. When band mixing between multiple Landau levels
is present, mesoscopic effects cause a crossover from a sequence of quantum
Hall transitions for weak disorder to classical behaviour for strong disorder.
This behaviour may be of relevance to experimentally observed transitions
between quantum Hall states and the insulating phase at low magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95554 </DOCNO>
Free Fisher Information for Non-Tracial States


  We extend Voiculescu's microstates-free definitions of free Fisher
information and free entropy to the non-tracial framework. We explain the
connection between these quantities and free entropy with respect to certain
completely positive maps acting on the core of the non-tracial non-commutative
probability space. We give a condition on free Fisher information of an
infinite family of variables, which guarantees factoriality of the von Neumann
algebra they generate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150212 </DOCNO>
Gauge theories from wrapped and fractional branes


  We compare two applications of the gauge/gravity correspondence to a non
conformal gauge theory, based respectively on the study of D-branes wrapped on
supersymmetric cycles and of fractional D-branes on orbifolds. We study two
brane systems whose geometry is dual to N=4, D=2+1 super Yang-Mills theory, the
first one describing D4-branes wrapped on a two-sphere inside a Calabi-Yau
two-fold and the second one corresponding to a system of fractional
D2/D6-branes on the orbifold R^4/Z_2. By probing both geometries we recover the
exact perturbative running coupling constant and metric on the moduli space of
the gauge theory. We also find a general expression for the running coupling
constant of the gauge theory in terms of the "stringy volume" of the two-cycle
which is involved in both types of brane systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114497 </DOCNO>
Density functional study of Au$_n$ (n=2-20) clusters: lowest-energy


  We have investigated the lowest-energy structures and electronic properties
of the Au$_n$(n=2-20) clusters based on density functional theory (DFT) with
local density approximation. The small Au$_n$ clusters adopt planar structures
up to n=6. Tabular cage structures are preferred in the range of n=10-14 and a
structural transition from tabular cage-like structure to compact
near-spherical structure is found around n=15. The most stable configurations
obtained for Au$_{13}$ and Au$_{19}$ clusters are amorphous instead of
icosahedral or fcc-like, while the electronic density of states sensitively
depend on the cluster geometry. Dramatic odd-even alternative behaviors are
obtained in the relative stability, HOMO-LUMO gaps and ionization potentials of
gold clusters. The size evolution of electronic properties is discussed and the
theoretical ionization potentials of Au$_n$ clusters compare well with
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40749 </DOCNO>
Intermittency and Correlations at LEP and at HERA


  A review on recent investigations of local fluctuations and genuine
correlations in electron-positron annihilations at LEP and in positron-proton
collisions at HERA is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3865 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in the Model of Elastic Jelly


  In this work, a question is tackled concerning the formation of a
superconducting condensate in an earlier proposed model of "elastic jelly", in
which phonons of the valent skeleton play the part of initiating ones. It was
shown that in distinction from the BCS theory, the momenta of forming electron
couples are different from zero. This fact changes the pattern of the
description of the superconductivity phenomenon in the proposed model. First,
the gap in the one-electron spectrum appears due to the effect of a "mean
field" on the energy of one-electron state from the side of occupied states,
the nearest neighbors over the momenta grid. Second, the condensate is formed
by one-electron states with energies below that of the gap edge. This is why
the Fermi-condensation arises in the system. Third, in the proposed theory the
electron couples appear in the form of low-energy excitations, i.e., as those
with the minimum amount of energy per excitation electron. Hence, their role is
minimized to that of low-energy excitation with the minimum energy per
electron, and they are no more "bricks" the superconducting condensate is made
of, as the case is in the BCS theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148290 </DOCNO>
E8 Quiver Gauge Theory and Mirror Symmetry


  We show that the Higgs branch of a four-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, with
gauge and matter content summarised by an E_8 quiver diagram, is identical to
the generalised Coulomb branch of a four-dimensional superconformal strongly
coupled gauge theory with E_8 global symmetry. This is the final step in
showing that there is a Higgs-Coulomb identity of this kind for each of the
cases {0}, A_1, A_2, D_4, E_6, E_7 and E_8. This series of equivalences
suggests the existence of a mirror symmetry between the quiver theories and the
strongly coupled theories. We also discuss how to interpret the parameters of
the quiver gauge theory in terms of the Hanany-Witten picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168548 </DOCNO>
Experimental violation of a spin-1 Bell inequality using


  We demonstrate the first experimental violation of a spin-1 Bell inequality.
The spin-1 inequality is a calculation based on the Clauser, Horne, Shimony and
Holt formalism. For entangled spin-1 particles the maximum quantum mechanical
prediction is 2.552 as opposed to a maximum of 2, predicted using local hidden
variables. We obtained an experimental value of 2.27 $\pm 0.02$ using the
four-photon state generated by pulsed, type-II, stimulated parametric
down-conversion. This is a violation of the spin-1 Bell inequality by more than
13 standard deviations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149189 </DOCNO>
Orientifold planes, affine algebras and magnetic monopoles


  We analyze string theory backgrounds that include different kinds of
orientifold planes and map out a natural correspondence to (twisted) affine
Kac-Moody algebras. The low-energy description of specific BPS states in these
backgrounds leads to a construction of explicit twisted magnetic monopole
solutions on R^3 x S^1. These backgrounds yield new low-energy field theories
with twisted boundary conditions and the link with affine algebras yields a
natural guess for the superpotentials of the corresponding pure N=1, and N=1*
gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86137 </DOCNO>
LIGO's "Science Reach"


  Technical discussions of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave
Observatory (LIGO) sensitivity often focus on its effective sensitivity to
gravitational waves in a given band; nevertheless, the goal of the LIGO Project
is to ``do science.'' Exploiting this new observational perspective to explore
the Universe is a long-term goal, toward which LIGO's initial instrumentation
is but a first step. Nevertheless, the first generation LIGO instrumentation is
sensitive enough that even non-detection --- in the form of an upper limit ---
is also informative. In this brief article I describe in quantitative terms
some of the science we can hope to do with first and future generation LIGO
instrumentation: it short, the ``science reach'' of the detector we are
building and the ones we hope to build.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7583 </DOCNO>
Hidden Symmetries in Nano-magnets


  The hidden symmetry of certain nano-magnets leads to many of the levels being
doubly degenerate for periodic values of the Zeeman energy. Corresponding to
such a symmetry is an operator, $K_{n}$, related to the time reversal operator,
and which commutes with the Hamiltonian. The degeneracies for whole integer
spin values are often similar to the Kramer's degeneracy for half-integer spin.
An all algebraic method for constructing Hamiltonians with such hidden
symmetries and different crystal symmetries is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149658 </DOCNO>
Interacting noncommutative solitons (vacua)


  We consider the dynamics of two interacting lumps/solitons in a
noncommutative gauge model. We show that equations of motion describing this
dynamics can be reduced to ones of a two-dimensional mechanical system which is
well studied and was shown to exhibit stochastic behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174618 </DOCNO>
Directed Flow of $\Lambda$-Hyperons in 2-6 AGeV Au+Au Collisions


  Directed flow measurements for $\Lambda$-hyperons are presented and compared
to those for protons produced in the same Au+Au collisions (2, 4, and 6 AGeV;
$b < 5 - 6$ fm). The measurements indicate that $\Lambda$-hyperons flow
consistently in the same direction and with smaller magnitudes than those of
protons. Such a strong positive flow [for $\Lambda$s] has been predicted in
calculations which include the influence of the $\Lambda$-nucleon potential.
The experimental flow ratio $\Lambda$/p is in qualitative agreement with
expectations ($\sim 2/3$) from the quark counting rule at 2 AGeV but is found
to decrease with increasing beam energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76674 </DOCNO>
The pion-nucleon Sigma term is definitely large: results from a G.W.U.


  A new result for the pion nucleon Sigma term from a George Washington
University/TRIUMF group analysis of pion nucleon data is presented. The value
Sigma=79$\pm$7 MeV was obtained, compared to the canonical value 64$\pm$8 MeV
found by Koch. The difference is explained simply by the PSI pionic hydrogen
value for a(pi -p), the latest results for the $\pi NN$ coupling onstant, and a
narrower Delta resonance. Many systematic effects have been investigated,
including Coulomb corrections, and database changes, and our results are found
to be robust. In the standard interpretation, our value of Sigma implies a
nucleon strangeness fraction y/2~0.23. The implausibility of such a large
strange component suggests that the relationship between Sigma and nucleon
strangeness ought to be re-examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2930 </DOCNO>
Effects of mechanical strain on thermal denaturation of DNA


  As sections of a strand duplexed DNA denature when exposed to high
temperature, the excess linking number is taken up by the undenatured portions
of the molecule. The mechanical energy that arises because of the overwinding
of the undenatured sections can, in principle, alter the nature of the thermal
denaturation process. Assuming that the strains associated with this
overwinding are not relieved, we find that a simple model of strain-altered
melting leads to a suppression of the melting transition when the unaltered
transition is continuous. When the melting transition is first order in the
absence of strain associated with overwinding, the modification is to a third
order phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124008 </DOCNO>
Observations of the bright radio sources in the North Celestial Pole


  A survey of the North Celestial Pole region using the RATAN-600 radio
telescope at five frequencies in the range 2.3 to 21.7 GHz is described.
Sources were chosen from the NVSS catalogue. The flux densities of 171 sources
in the Declination range +75 to +88 are presented; typical flux density errors
are 5-10 percent including calibration errors. About 20 percent of the sources
have flat spectra or a flat component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4928 </DOCNO>
Inevitable Irreversibility Generated by the Glass Transition of the


  We numerically investigate the thermodynamic properties of the glass state.
As the object of our study, we employ a binary lattice gas model. Through Monte
Carlo simulations, we find that this model actually experiences a glass
transition. We introduce a potential into the model that represents a piston
with which we compress the glass. By measuring the work performed in this
process, we find that irreversible works exist at the glass state even in the
quasistatic limit. This implies that yield stress is created by the glass
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123477 </DOCNO>
TeV Gamma-Ray Astronomy in the new Millennium


  The field of TeV gamma-ray astronomy is reviewed with emphasis on its
relation to the origin of cosmic rays. The discovery of TeV photons from
supernova remnants and active galaxies has provided the first direct
observational link between specific astrophysical objects and particle
production at the TeV scale. TeV gamma-ray observations constrain the high end
of the electromagnetic spectrum, a regime most sensitive for testing particle
acceleration and emission models. TeV telescopes have made important
contributions to the understanding of blazars and supernova remnants, however,
it will take the next generation atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes and
satellite-based gamma-ray detectors to unravel the mystery of hadronic
cosmic-ray sources.
  A short review of TeV observations is followed by a discussion of the
capabilities and scientific potential of the next generation ground-based
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127758 </DOCNO>
Infrared Colors of L and T Dwarfs


  We discuss the behaviour of the JHKL'M' colors of L and T dwarfs, based on
photometric and spectroscopic data obtained at the United Kingdom Infrared
Telescope in Hawaii. We have measured the first accurate M' photometry for L
and T dwarfs. The K-M' colors of T dwarfs are much bluer than predicted by
published models, suggesting that CO may be more abundant than expected, as has
been found spectroscopically for the T6 dwarf Gl 229B. We also find that K-L'
increases monotonically through most of the M, L, and T subclasses, but it is
approximately constant between types L6 and T5, due to the onset of methane
absorption at the blue edge of the L' bandpass. The JHK colors of L dwarfs show
significant scatter, suggesting variations in the amount and properties of
photospheric dust, and indicating that it may not be possible to associate a
unique effective temperature with a given L spectral type. The H-K colors of
the later T dwarfs also show some scatter which we suggest is due to variations
in pressure-induced molecular hydrogen opacity, which is sensitive to gravity
(or age for a brown dwarf) and metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2851 </DOCNO>
The magnetic field dependence of the threshold electric field in


  Many experiments suggest that the unidentified low temperature phase (LTP) of
alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2KHg(SCN)_4 is most likely unconventional charge density wave
(UCDW). To further this identification we present our theoretical study of the
threshold electric field of UCDW in a magnetic field. The magnetic
field-temperature phase diagram is very similar to those in a d-wave
superconductor. We find a rather strong field dependence of the threshold
electric field, which should be readily accessible experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72535 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Violation and Radiative Neutrino Masses


  Lepton flavor violation in various sectors of the theory can bring important
effects on neutrino masses and mixing through wave function renormalization. We
examine general conditions for flavor structure of radiative corrections
producing the atmospheric and solar neutrino mass splittings from degenerate
mass patterns. Also obtained are the mixing angle relations consistent with the
experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128786 </DOCNO>
Photodissociation regions and star formation in the Carina Nebula


  We have obtained wide-field thermal infrared (IR) images of the Carina
Nebula, using the SPIREX/Abu telescope at the South Pole. Emission from
poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at 3.29um, a tracer of
photodissociation regions (PDRs), reveals many interesting well defined clumps
and diffuse regions throughout the complex. Near-IR images (1--2um), along with
images from the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) satellite (8--21um) were
incorporated to study the interactions between the young stars and the
surrounding molecular cloud in more detail. Two new PAH emission clumps have
been identified in the Keyhole Nebula and were mapped in 12CO(2--1) and (1--0)
using the SEST. Analysis of their physical properties reveals they are dense
molecular clumps, externally heated with PDRs on their surfaces and supported
by external pressure in a similar manner to the other clumps in the region. A
previously identified externally heated globule containing IRAS 10430-5931 in
the southern molecular cloud, shows strong 3.29-, 8- and 21-um emission, the
spectral energy distribution (SED) revealing the location of an ultra-compact
(UC) HII region. The northern part of the nebula is complicated, with PAH
emission inter-mixed with mid-IR dust continuum emission. Several point sources
are located here and through a two-component black-body fit to their SEDs, we
have identified 3 possible UC HII regions as well as a young star surrounded by
a circumstellar disc. This implies that star formation in this region is
on-going and not halted by the intense radiation from the surrounding young
massive stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40815 </DOCNO>
The final SLD results for ALR and Alepton


  We present the final measurements of the left-right cross-section asymmetry
(ALR) for Z boson production by e+e- collisions and Z boson-lepton coupling
asymmetry parameters Ae, Amu, and Atau in leptonic Z decays with the SLD
detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. Using the complete sample of polarized Z
bosons collected at SLD, we get ALR = 0.15056 +- 0.00239, Ae = 0.1544 +-
0.0060, Amu = 0.142 +- 0.015, and Atau = 0.136 +- 0.015. The ALR=Ae and Ae
results are combined and we find Ae = 0.1516 +- 0.0021. Assuming lepton
universality, we obtain a combined effective weak mixing angle of sin 2 theta
eff W = 0.23098 +- 0.00026. Within the context of the SM, our result prefers a
light Higgs mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125556 </DOCNO>
Galactic chemical evolution of Lithium: interplay between stellar


  In this paper we study the evolution of 7Li in the Galaxy considering the
contributions of various stellar sources: type II supernovae, novae, red giant
stars, and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We present new results for the
production of 7Li in AGB stars via the hot bottom burning process, based on
stellar evolutionary models by Frost (1997). In the light of recent
observations of dense circumstellar shells around evolved stars in the Galaxy
and in the Magellanic Clouds, we also consider the impact of a very high
mass-loss rate episode (superwind) before the evolution off the AGB phase on
the 7Li enrichment in the interstellar medium. We compare the Galactic
evolution of 7Li obtained with these new 7Li yields (complemented with a
critical re-analysis of the role of supernovae, novae and giant stars) with a
selected compilation of spectroscopic observations including halo and disk
field stars as well as young stellar clusters. We conclude that even allowing
for the large uncertainties in the theoretical calculation of mass-loss rates
at the end of the AGB phase, the superwind phase has a significant effect on
the 7Li enrichment of the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76571 </DOCNO>
Connection between Diffraction and Small-$x$


  A brief review of the modern QCD theory of diffractive DIS is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97475 </DOCNO>
The Fine Structure of the Kasparov Groups III: Relative Quasidiagonality


  In this paper we identify QD(A,B), the quasidiagonal classes in KK_1(A,B), in
terms of K_*(A) and K_*(B), and we use these results in various applications.
Here is our central result.
  Theorem: Suppose that A is in the category of separable nuclear C^*-algebras
which satisfy the UCT and A is quasidiagonal relative to B. Then there is a
natural isomorphism QD(A,B) = Pext (K_*(A), K_*(B))_0 .
  Thus quasidiagonality of KK-classes is indeed a topological invariant. We
give several applications. Finally, we establish a converse to a theorem of
Davidson, Herrero, and Salinas, giving conditions under which the
quasidiagonality of A/K implies the quasidiagonality of the associated
representation of A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81065 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to Construct the Operator on Lattice for the Calculation


  We develop a new approach to construct the operator on lattice for the
calculation of glueball mass, which is based on the connection between the
continuum limit of the chosen operator and the quantum number $J^{PC}$ of the
state studied. The spin of the state studied is then determined uniquely and
directly in numerical simulation. Furthermore, the approach can be applied to
calculate the mass of glueball states (ground or excited states) with any spin
$J$ including $J\geq 4$. Under the quenched approximation, we present
pre-calculation results for the masses of $0^{++}$ state and $2^{++}$ state,
which are $1754(85)(86)MeV$ and $2417(56)(117)MeV$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3871 </DOCNO>
Imaging of atomic orbitals with the Atomic Force Microscope -


  Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a mechanical profiling technique that allows
to image surfaces with atomic resolution. Recent progress in reducing the noise
of this technique has led to a resolution level where previously undetectable
symmetries of the images of single atoms are observed. These symmetries are
related to the nature of the interatomic forces. The Si(111)-(7x7) surface is
studied by AFM with various tips and AFM images are simulated with chemical and
electrostatic model forces. The calculation of images from the tip-sample
forces is explained in detail and the implications of the imaging parameters
are discussed. Because the structure of the Si(111)-(7x7) surface is known very
well, the shape of the adatom images is used to determine the tip structure.
The observability of atomic orbitals by AFM and scanning tunneling microscopy
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74736 </DOCNO>
Low x double $ln^2(1/x)$ resummation effects at the sum rules for


  We have estimated the contributions to the moments of polarized nucleon
structure function $g_1(x,Q^2)$ coming from the region of the very low x
($10^{-5}<x$). Our approach uses the nucleon structure function extrapolated to
the region of low x by the means of the double $ln^2(1/x)$ resummation. The
$Q^2$ evolution of $g_1$ was described by the unified evolution equations
incorporating both the leading order Altarelli-Parisi evolution at large and
moderate x, and the double $ln^2(1/x)$ resummation at small x. The moments were
obtained by integrating out the extrapolated nucleon structure function in the
region $10^{-5}<x<1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4511 </DOCNO>
Toward the Theory of Electron and Positron States in Self-Compressed


  Analytical expressions for the binding energy of electrons and positrons in
dielectric clusters, analysed in this work, neglect the elastic effects.
Therefore, we present the density-functional theory for neutral liquid clusters
that experience the spontaneous deformation. Using the 1/R -expansion, $R$
being the cluster radius, the exact analytical expressions for the size
corrections to the chemical potential, surface tension, and atomic density are
derived from the condition of mechanical equilibrium. The problem of
calculation of these corrections is reduced to the calculation of the
quantities for a liquid with a flat surface. The size compression and tension
of density occur in the 1/R and $1/R^{2}$ orders respectively. The sizes of
charged rigid and elastic critical clusters, for which the electron or positron
binding energy is close to zero, are calculated for Xe$_{N}^{-}$, Kr$_{N}^{-}$,
Ar$_{N}^{-}$, Ar$_{N}^{+}$, Ne$_{N}^{+}$, He$_{N}^{+}$. The calculations show
significant contribution of self- compression to the binding energy of excess
electron - in contrast to positron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149683 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of Particle Production and Propagation in String-Motivated


  We outline a phenomenological programme for the search of effects induced by
(string-motivated) canonical noncommutative spacetime. The tests we propose are
based, in analogy with a corresponding programme developed over the last few
years for the study of Lie-algebra noncommutative spacetimes, on the role of
the noncommutativity parameters in the $E(p)$ dispersion relation. We focus on
the role of deformed dispersion relations in particle-production collision
processes, where the noncommutativity parameters would affect the threshold
equation, and in the dispersion of gamma rays observed from distant
astrophysical sources. We emphasize that the studies we propose have the
advantage of involving particles of relatively high energies, and may therefore
be useful also in scenarios in which field theories in canonical noncommutative
spacetime, in light of their infrared problems, are only considered as
effective theories valid in an energy range $\mu^* < E < \Lambda$. We also
notice that the relevant deformation of the dispersion relations could be
responsible for the experimentally-observed violations of the GZK cutoff for
cosmic rays and of an analogous cutoff for observations of hard photons from
distant astrophysical sources, and we argue that this should provide motivation
for future experimental searches, and theoretical studies, focusing on the
range $10^{-42}cm^2 < \theta < 10^{-36}cm^2$, i.e. $(10^{4} TeV)^{-2} < \theta
< (10 TeV)^{-2}$, of the noncommutativity parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95599 </DOCNO>
Invariance properties of thematic factorizations of matrix functions


  We study the problem of invariance of indices of thematic factorizations.
Such factorizations were introduced in [PY1] for studying superoptimal
approximation by bounded analytic matrix functions. As shown in [PY1], the
indices may depend on the choice of a thematic factorization. We introduce the
notion of a monotone thematic factorization. The main result shows that under
natural assumptions a matrix function that admits a thematic factorization also
admits a monotone thematic factorization and the indices of a monotone thematic
factorization are uniquely determined by the matrix function itself. We obtain
similar results for so-called partial thematic factorizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96815 </DOCNO>
Graph Subspaces and the Spectral Shift Function


  We extend the concept of Lifshits--Krein spectral shift function associated
with a pair of self-adjoint operators to the case of pairs of admissible
operators that are similar to self-adjoint operators. Our main result is the
following. Let \cH_0 and \cH_1 be separable Hilbert spaces, A_0 a self-adjoint
operator in \cH_0, A_1 a self-adjoint operator in \cH_1, and B_{ij} a bounded
operator from \cH_j to \cH_i, i=0,1, j=1-i, and B_10=B_01^*. Assume that the
block operator matrix \bH=\bA+\bB=(A_0 & B_01 B_{10}& A_1) has reducing graph
subspaces of the form {x_i\oplus Q_ji x_i: x_i\in\cH_i}, i=0,1, j=1-i, and Q_ji
are Hilbert-Schmidt operators such that Q_ji=-Q_ij^*. If both
(\bH-z\bI)^{-1}-(\bA-z\bI)^{-1} and \bB\bQ(\bA-z\bI)^{-1} are trace class
operators in \cH for \Img(z)\neq 0, then the operators A_i+B_ij Q_ji and A_i,
i=0,1, j=1-i, acting in the spaces \cH_i are resolvent comparable admissible
operators. Moreover, the spectral shift function \xi(x,\bH,\bA) associated with
the pair (\bH,\bA) admits the representation \xi(x,\bH,\bA)=\xi(x,A_0+B_01
Q_10,A_0)+ \xi(x,A_1+B_10 Q_01,A_1). We also obtain new representations for the
solution to the operator Sylvester equation in the form of Stieltjes operator
integrals and formulate sufficient criterion for the strong solvability of the
operator Riccati equation that ensures the existence of reducing graph
subspaces for block operator matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123891 </DOCNO>
X-ray Halos and Large Grains in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium


  Recent observations with dust detectors on board the interplanetary
spacecraft Ulysses and Galileo have recorded a substantial flux of large
interstellar grains with radii between 0.25 and 2.0 mu entering the solar
system from the local interstellar cloud. The most commonly used interstellar
grain size distribution is characterized by a a^-3.5 power law in grain radii
a, and extends to a maximum grain radius of 0.25 mu. The extension of the
interstellar grain size distribution to such large radii will have a major
effect on the median grain size, and on the amount of mass needed to be tied up
in dust for a given visual optical depth. It is therefore important to
investigate whether this population of larger dust particles prevails in the
general interstellar medium, or if it is merely a local phenomenon. The
presence of large interstellar grains can be mainly inferred from their effect
on the intensity and radial profiles of scattering halos around X-ray sources.
In this paper we examine the grain size distribution that gives rise to the
X-ray halo around Nova Cygni 1992. The results of our study confirm the need to
extend the interstellar grain size distribution in the direction of this source
to and possibly beyond 2.0 mu. The model that gives the best fit to the halo
data is characterized by: (1) a grain size distribution that follows an a^-3.5
power law up to 0.50 mu, followed by an a^-4.0 extension from 0.50 mu to 2.0
mu; and (2) silicate and graphite (carbon) dust-to-gas mass ratios of 0.0044
and 0.0022, respectively, consistent with solar abundances constraints.
Additional observations of X-ray halos probing other spatial directions are
badly needed to test the general validity of this result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5989 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Fokker-Planck equation: Pathwise control of noisy bistable


  We introduce a new method, allowing to describe slowly time-dependent
Langevin equations through the behaviour of individual paths. This approach
yields considerably more information than the computation of the probability
density. The main idea is to show that for sufficiently small noise intensity
and slow time dependence, the vast majority of paths remain in small space-time
sets, typically in the neighbourhood of potential wells. The size of these sets
often has a power-law dependence on the small parameters, with universal
exponents. The overall probability of exceptional paths is exponentially small,
with an exponent also showing power-law behaviour. The results cover time spans
up to the maximal Kramers time of the system. We apply our method to three
phenomena characteristic for bistable systems: stochastic resonance, dynamical
hysteresis and bifurcation delay, where it yields precise bounds on transition
probabilities, and the distribution of hysteresis areas and first-exit times.
We also discuss the effect of coloured noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125782 </DOCNO>
Understanding Cluster Gas Evolution and Fine-Scale CMB Anisotropy with


  We investigate the impact of gas evolution on the expected yields from deep
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect surveys as well as on the expected SZ effect
contribution to fine scale anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background. The
approximate yields from SZ effect surveys are remarkably insensitive to gas
evolution, even though the observable properties of the resulting clusters can
be markedly different. The CMB angular power spectrum at high multipoles due to
the SZ effect from clusters is quite sensitive to gas evolution. We show that
moderate resolution SZ effect imaging of clusters found in deep SZ effect
surveys should allow a good understanding of gas evolution in galaxy clusters,
independent of the details of the nature of the gas evolution. Such an
understanding will be necessary before precise cosmological constraints can be
set from yields of large cluster surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123493 </DOCNO>
Millimeter observations of radio-loud active galaxies


  In order to study the nature of the far-infrared emission observed in
radio-loud active galaxies, we have obtained 1.2 mm observations with the IRAM
30 m telescope for a sample of eight radio-loud active galaxies. In all objects
we find that the 1.2 mm emission is dominated by non-thermal emission. An
extrapolation of the non-thermal radio spectrum indicates that the contribution
of synchrotron emission to the far-infrared is less than 10% in quasars, and
negligible in the radio galaxies. The quasars in the sample show signs of
relativistic beaming at millimeter wavelengths, and the quasar 3C334 shows
evidence for strong variability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125587 </DOCNO>
FUSE observations of hot white dwarfs


  We have analyzed FUSE observations of six hot white dwarf stars: four DA
white dwarfs with T_eff >= 45000K, the DAO Feige55 (T_eff = 55000K), and the DA
CD -38 10980 (T_eff = 24000K). Photospheric lines from SiIV, PV, and SVI can be
observed in the majority of the five hotter objects. Feige55 shows also several
other heavier elements. The measured abundances agree only partly with the
predictions of the radiative levitation theory. We attribute this to current
limitations of the models and the probable presence of mass loss. In the
spectrum of CD -38 10980, we have observed the quasi-molecular satellites of
Lbeta. This confirms theoretical predictions about the visibility range for
these features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5046 </DOCNO>
Filtering spin with tunnel-coupled electron wave guides


  We show how momentum-resolved tunneling between parallel electron wave guides
can be used to observe and exploit lifting of spin degeneracy due to Rashba
spin-orbit coupling. A device is proposed that achieves spin filtering without
using ferromagnets or the Zeeman effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86206 </DOCNO>
Late-time Evolution of a Charged Massless Scalar Field in the Spacetime


  We investigate the power-law tails in the evolution of a charged massless
scalar field around a fixed background of a dilaton black hole. Using both
analytical and numerical methods we find the inverse power-law relaxation of
charged fields at future timelike infinity, future null infinity, and along the
outer horizon of the considered black hole. We invisage that a charged hair
decays slower than neutral ones. The oscillatory inverse power law along the
outer horizon of the dilaton black hole is of a great importance for a mass
inflation scenario along the Cauchy horizon of a dynamically formed dilaton
black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75590 </DOCNO>
Particle Physics Experiments at JLC


  ACFA Linear Collider Working Group report

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1327 </DOCNO>
How to escape Aharonov-Bohm cages ?


  We study the effect of disorder and interactions on a recently proposed
magnetic field induced localization mechanism. We show that both partially
destroy the extreme confinement of the excitations occuring in the pure case
and give rise to unusual behavior. We also point out the role of the edge
states that allows for a propagation of the electrons in these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150082 </DOCNO>
(Fractional) Intersection Numbers, Tadpoles and Anomalies


  We use the Witten index in the open string sector to determine tadpole
charges of orientifold planes and D-branes. As specific examples we consider
type I compactifications on Calabi Yau manifolds and noncompact orbifolds. The
tadpole constraints suggest that the standard embedding is not a natural choice
for the gauge bundle. Rather there should be a close connection of the gauge
bundle and the spin bundle. In the case of a four fold, the standard embedding
does not in general fulfill the tadpole conditions. We show that this agrees
with the Green-Schwarz mechanism. In the case of noncompact orbifolds we are
able to solve the tadpole constraints with a gauge bundle, which is related to
the spin bundle. We compare these results to anomaly cancellation on the fixed
plane of the orbifold. In the case of branes wrapping noncompact cycles, there
are fractional intersection numbers and anomaly coefficients, which we explain
in geometric terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83859 </DOCNO>
United States v. Microsoft: A Failure of Antitrust in the New Economy


  This paper analyzes the law and economics of United States v. Microsoft, a
landmark case of antitrust intervention in network industries. [abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124264 </DOCNO>
Neutron star cooling in transiently accreting low mass binaries: a new


  We explore, using an exact cooling code, the thermal evolution of a neutron
star undergoing episodes of intense accretion, alternated by long periods of
quiescence (e.g. Soft X-Ray Transients). We find that the soft component of the
quiescent luminosity of Aql X-1, 4U 1608-522 and of SAX J1808.4-3658 can be
understood as thermal emission from a cooling neutron star with negligible
neutrino emission. In the case of Cen X-4 strong neutrino emission from the
inner core is necessary to explain the observation: this may indicate that the
neutron star of Cen X-4 is heavier than 1.4 Msun. This study opens the
possibility of using the quiescent emission of Soft X-Ray Transients as a tool
for probing the core superfluidity in relation to the mass of the neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87016 </DOCNO>
Ultimate Internets


  In a previous paper (gr-qc/0103002), the inflationary universe was described
as a quantum growing network (QGN). Here, we propose our view of the QGN as the
"ultimate Internet", as it saturates the quantum limits to computation. Also,
we enlight some features of the QGN which are related to: i) the problem of
causality at the Planck scale, ii) the quantum computational aspects of
spacetime foam and decoherence, iii) the cosmological constant problem, iv) the
"information loss" puzzle. The resulting picture is a self-organizing system of
ultimate Internet-universes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124868 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution along the Hubble sequence


  We show a grid of multiphase models whose results are valid for any spiral
galaxy, using as input the luminosity or the rotation velocity and the
morphological type, measured by the classical index T from 1 to 10.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124842 </DOCNO>
Implication of Omega_m through the Morphological Analysis of Weak


  We apply the morphological descriptions of two-dimensional contour map, the
so-called Minkowski functionals (the area fraction, circumference, and Euler
characteristics), to the convergence field $\kappa(\bm{\theta})$ of the
large-scale structure reconstructed from the shear map produced by the
ray-tracing simulations. The perturbation theory of structure formation has
suggested that the non-Gaussian features on the Minkowski functionals with
respect to the threshold in the weakly nonlinear regime are induced by the
three skewness parameters of $\kappa$ that are sensitive to the density
parameter of matter, $\Omega_{\rm m}$. We show that, in the absence of noise
due to the intrinsic ellipticities of source galaxies with which the
perturbation theory results can be recovered, the accuracy of $\Omega_{\rm m}$
determination is improved by $\sim 20%$ using the Minkowski functionals
compared to the conventional method of using the direct measure of skewness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99222 </DOCNO>
Bi-oriented Quantum Algebras, and a Generalized Alexander Polynomial for


  This paper discusses the construction of a generalized Alexander polynomial
for virtual knots and links, and the reformulation of this invariant as a
quantum link invariant. The algebraic background for the generalized Alexander
module is formulated in terms of the biquandle, a generalization of the quandle
of David Joyce (which, in turn, is a generalization of the fundamental group of
the knot or link). We then introduce the concept of a bi-oriented quantum
algebra which provides an algebraic context for the associated quantum
invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76909 </DOCNO>
Quark coalescence in the mid rapidity region at RHIC


  We utilize the ALCOR model for mid-rapidity hadron number predictions at AGS,
SPS and RHIC energies. We present simple fits for the energy dependence of
stopping and quark production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72784 </DOCNO>
Brane Effects on Extra Dimensional Scenarios: A Tale of Two Gravitons


  We analyze the propagation of a scalar field in multidimensional theories
which include kinetic corrections in the brane, as a prototype for
gravitational interactions in a four dimensional brane located in a (nearly)
flat extra dimensional bulk. We regularize the theory by introducing an
infrared cutoff given by the size of the extra dimensions and a physical
ultraviolet cutoff of the order of the fundamental Planck scale in the higher
dimensional theory. We show that, contrary to recent suggestions, the radius of
the extra dimensions cannot be arbitrarily large. Moreover, for finite radii,
the gravitational effects localized on the brane can substantially alter the
phenomenology of collider and/or table-top gravitational experiments. This
phenomenology is dictated by the presence of a massless graviton, with standard
couplings to the matter fields, and a massive graviton which couples to matter
in a much stronger way. While graviton KK modes lighter than the massive
graviton couple to matter in a standard way, the couplings to matter of the
heavier KK modes are strongly suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74350 </DOCNO>
New scalar resonances from sneutrino-Higgs mixing in supersymmetry with


  We consider new s-channel scalar exchanges in top quark and massive
gauge-bosons pair production in e+e- collisions, in supersymmetry with a small
lepton number violation. We show that a soft bilinear lepton number violating
term in the scalar potential which mixes the Higgs and the slepton fields can
give rise to a significant scalar resonance enhancement in e+e- -> ZZ, W+W- and
in e+e- -> t t(bar). The sneutrino-Higgs mixed state couples to the incoming
light leptons through its sneutrino component and to either the top quark or
the massive gauge bosons through its Higgs component. Such a scalar resonance
in these specific production channels cannot result from trilinear Yukawa-like
R-parity violation alone, and may, therefore, stand as strong evidence for the
existence of R-parity violating bilinears in the supersymmetric scalar
potential. We use the LEP2 measurements of the WW and ZZ cross-sections to
place useful constrains on this scenario, and investigate the expectations for
the sensitivity of a future linear collider to these signals. We find that
signals of these scalar resonances, in particular in top-pair production, are
well within the reach of linear colliders in the small lepton number violation
scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98015 </DOCNO>
Projectively Flat Finsler Metrics of Constant Curvature


  It is the Hilbert's Fourth Problem to characterize the
(not-necessarily-reversible) distance functions on a bounded convex domain in
R^n such that straight lines are shortest paths. Distance functions induced by
a Finsler metric are regarded as smooth ones. Finsler metrics with straight
geodesics said to be projective. It is known that the flag curvature of any
projective Finsler metric is a scalar function of tangent vectors (the flag
curvature must be a constant if it is Riemannian). Thus it is a natural problem
to study those of constant curvature.
  In this paper, we study the Hilbert Fourth Problem in the smooth case. We
first give a formula for x-analytic projective Finsler metrics F(x,y) of
constant curvature K=c using a power series with coefficients expressed in
terms of f(y):=F(0, y), h(y):=(1/2)F(x,y)^{-1}F_{x^k}(0, y)y^k and c. Then, for
any given pair {f(y), h(y)} and any constant c, we give an algebraic formula
for smooth projective Finsler metrics with constant curvature K=c and F(0,
y)=f(y) and F_{x^k}(0, y)y^k=2f(y)h(y). By these formulas, we obtain several
special projective Finsler metrics of constant curvature which can be used as
models in Finsler geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179682 </DOCNO>
Relativistic calculation of nuclear transparency in (e,e'p) reactions


  Nuclear transparency in (e,e'p) reactions is evaluated in a fully
relativistic distorted wave impulse approximation model. The relativistic mean
field theory is used for the bound state and the Pauli reduction for the
scattering state, which is calculated from a relativistic optical potential.
Results for selected nuclei are displayed in a Q^2 range between 0.3 and 1.8
(GeV/c)^2 and compared with recent electron scattering data. For Q^2 = 0.3
(GeV/c)^2 the results are lower than data; for higher Q^2 they are in
reasonable agreement with data. The sensitivity of the model to different
prescriptions for the one-body current operator is investigated. The off-shell
ambiguities are rather large for the distorted cross sections and small for the
plane wave cross sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125824 </DOCNO>
Constraining Lambda using cluster quadrupoles


  We examine how the statistics of the quadrupoles of (projected) cluster
masses can discriminate between flat cold dark matter (CDM) universes with or
without a cosmological constant term. Even in the era of high precision
cosmology that cosmic microwave background experiments should open soon, it is
important to devise self consistency tests of cosmogonic theories tuned at the
matter radiation decoupling epoch using data from the non--linear evolved
universe. We build cluster catalogs from two large volume simulations of a
``tilted'' CDM model and a $\Lambda$CDM model with cosmic density parameter
$\Omega_m=0.35$ and cosmological constant contribution $\Omega_\Lambda=0.65$.
  From the projected mass distribution of the clusters we work out the
quadrupoles Q and examine their dependence on cluster mass and the cosmological
model. We find that TCDM clusters have systematically larger quadrupoles than
their \lcdm counterpart. The effect is mass dependent: massive clusters
($M\gsim 10^{15}\Msunh$) have quadrupoles differing by more than 30% in the two
models, while for $M\lsim 4\times10^{14}\Msunh$ the difference rapidly drops to
$\sim 1$%. Performing a K-S test of the Q distributions, we estimate that using
just the 15 most massive clusters in the simulation volume ($360\Mpch$ a side)
we can discriminate between TCDM and \lcdm at a confidence level better than
99.9%. In the volume probed by exhisting observations, there are potentially
several hundred clusters with masses above the threshold for which the
differences in the quadrupoles become relevant. Should weak lensing data become
available for this whole set, a quadrupole analysis may be expected to
discriminate among different values of $\Lambda$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 683 </DOCNO>
Optical transparency of mesoporous metals


  We examine the optical properties of metals containing a periodic arrangement
of nonoverlapping spherical mesopores, empty or filled with a dielectric
material. We show that a slab of such a porous metal transmits light over
regions of frequency determined by the dielectric constant of the cavities and
the fractional volume occupied by them, with an efficiency which is many orders
of magnitude higher than predicted by standard aperture theory. Also, the
system absorbs light efficiently over the said regions of frequency unlike the
homogeneous metal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126056 </DOCNO>
Long periodicity of Blasers with RXTE ASM


  We have searched for long periodicity in ten X-ray selected Blasers with RXTE
ASM 4.6 years data. We found about 10-100 day possible periodicities for three
TeV gamma ray Blasers, Mkn 421, Mkn 501 and PKS 2155-304.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129087 </DOCNO>
Improving the Prospects for Detecting Extrasolar Planets in


  Gravitational microlensing events of high magnification have been shown to be
promising targets for detecting extrasolar planets. However, only a few events
of high magnification have been found using conventional survey techniques.
Here we demonstrate that high magnification events can be readily found in
microlensing surveys using a strategy that combines high frequency sampling of
target fields with online difference imaging analysis. We present 10
microlensing events with peak magnifications greater than 40 that were detected
in real-time towards the Galactic Bulge during 2001 by MOA. We show that Earth
mass planets can be detected in future events such as these through intensive
follow-up observations around the event peaks. We report this result with
urgency as a similar number of such events are expected in 2002.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98762 </DOCNO>
Inverse spectral problem for analytic plane domains II: domains with


  This is the second in a series of papers on the inverse spectral problem for
bounded analytic plane domains. Here, we use the trace formula established in
the first paper (`Balian-Bloch trace formula') to explicitly calculate wave
trace invariants associated to bouncing ball orbits and dihedral rays. We use
these invariants to prove that simply connected bounded analytic plane domains
with one symmetry (which reverses a bouncing ball orbit of fixed length L) are
spectrally determined in this class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5013 </DOCNO>
Metals with Small Electron Mean-Free Path: Saturation versus Escalation


  Resistivity of metals is commonly observed either to 'escalate' beyond the
Ioffe-Regel limit (mean free path l equal to lattice constant a) or to
'saturate' at this point. It is argued that neither behavior is
well-understood, and that 'escalation' is not necessarily more mysterious than
'saturation.'

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123788 </DOCNO>
An All-sky Advanced X-ray Monitor (AXM) Mission


  A concept for an all-sky monitor mission substantially more powerful than the
RXTE ASM is presented in brief. It makes use of 31 Gas Electron Multiplier
(GEM) proportional counters to provide continuous monitoring of the entire
x-ray sky, except for earth occultations and a small region around the sun.
This coverage would allow the study of a wide variety of short duration cosmic
outbursts. At time scales longer than a few minutes, the sensitivity for the
monitoring of x-ray sources (1.5 - 15 keV) would be greatly improved over the
RXTE ASM, a factor of 6 in one day. This mission concept, the Advanced X-ray
Monitor (AXM), is described in more detail in Remillard et al. (2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 930 </DOCNO>
On the critical temperature of two-channel Kondo model: Reply to


  We discuss the comment by Zarand and Zawadowski (cond-mat/0009283) on our
preprint cond-mat/0007430 where it has been shown that the strong coupling
regime for the two-channel Kondo model of two level system can be never
realized for any realistic microscopic description. The authors of the comment
state that the Kondo temperature can be substantially increased due to
electron-hole asymmetry. Here we show by direct calculation that the
electron-hole asymmetry does not enter the leading logarithmic approximation.
Consequently, we disagree with the aforementioned comment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87113 </DOCNO>
Naked Singularity, Black-hole and the Mass Loss in a Spherically


  A distinguishable physical property between a naked singularity and a
black-hole, formed during a gravitational collapse has important implications
for both experimental and theoretical relativity. We examine the energy
radiated during the spherically symmetric Gravitational collapse in this
context within the framework of general relativity. It is shown that total
energy radiated(Mass Loss) during the collapse ending in a naked singularity
scenario cannot be more than the case when a collapse scenario ends in a
black-hole. In cases of interest(for example stars having same mass, size, and
internal composition) considered here the total energy released in the collapse
ending in a black hole can be considerably more than the case otherwise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95726 </DOCNO>
HyperEuclidean manifolds and the Novikov Conjecture


  We develop some basic Lipschitz homotopy technique and apply it to manifolds
with finite asymptotic dimension. In particular we show that the Higson
compactification of a uniformly contractible manifold is mod $p$ acyclic in the
finite dimensional case. Then we give an alternative proof of the Higher
Signature Novikov Conjecture for the groups with finite asymptotic dimension.
Finally we define an asymptotically piecewise Euclidean metric space as a space
which admits an approximation by Euclidean asymptotic polyhedra. We show that
the Gromov-Lawson conjecture holds for the asymptotically piecewise Euclidean
groups. Also we prove that expanders are not asymptotically piecewise Euclidean

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126385 </DOCNO>
Old Stellar Populations of the Small Magellanic Cloud


  We present WFPC2 and ground-based VI photometry of NGC 121 and a nearby field
in the outer SMC. For NGC 121, we measure a true distance modulus of (m-M)0 =
18.96 +/- 0.04 (distance of 61.9 +/- 1.1 kpc), age of 10.6 +/- 0.5 Gyr,
metallicity of [Fe/H] = -1.03 +/- 0.06, and initial mass of 4.1 +/- 0.4 x 10^5
Msun, assuming a Salpeter IMF with lower cutoff at 0.1 Msun. In the outer SMC
field, we find evidence of stars covering a wide range of ages -- from 2 Gyr
old to at least 9-12 Gyr old. We have measured the distance, extinction, and
star formation history (past star formation rates and enrichment history) using
a CMD fitting algorithm. The distance modulus of the SMC is measured to be
(m-M)0 = 18.88 +/- 0.08, corresponding to a distance of 59.7 +/- 2.2 kpc. The
overall star formation rate appears to have been relatively constant over this
period, although there may be small gaps in the star forming activity too small
to be resolved. The lack of current star-forming activity is a selection
effect, as the field was intentionally chosen to avoid recent activity. The
mean metallicity of this field has increased from an average of [Fe/H] = -1.3
+/- 0.3 for stars older than 8 Gyr to [Fe/H] = -0.7 +/- 0.2 in the past 3 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76415 </DOCNO>
Determination of the muon Yukawa coupling at high energy e+e- linear


  The perspectives for the observation of the rare decay H -> mumu decay and
the determination of the muon Yukawa coupling at a TeV-class and at a multi-TeV
e+e- linear colliders are discussed. The signal for the decay can be obtained
at 0.8 TeV and a first estimate of the coupling derived. A linear collider
operating at 3 TeV, with high luminosity, is able to improve the accuracy on
this couplings to 4% to 11% for 120 GeV < M_H < 150 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6228 </DOCNO>
Dynamics-dependent criticality in models with q absorbing states


  Some non-equilibrium models exhibit, in the stationary state, continuous
phase transitions between active and absorbing phases. We show that, the number
of symmetric absorbing states is not sufficient to determine the critical
behaviour of a given model. In particular, we study a one-dimensional model
with three absorbing states, which is expected to belong to the multi-species
branching annihilating random walk universality class. However, under certain
dynamics the model belongs to the parity conserving universality class, which
is typical to models with two absorbing states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113875 </DOCNO>
The "optical" version of the barn-pole problem


  We present diagrams and simple calculations for the apparent (i.e.
photographable) length of a moving ruler skimming the observer's position,
under three different classes of model. Special relativity's predictions in
this particular situation are the root-product average of the two more basic
first-order predictions generated by simple "propagation timelag" arguments. We
find that special relativity can legally predict either a photographable
Lorentz contraction or a photographable Lorentz expansion in the "centred"
ruler, depending on whether our camera is at the ruler's "apparent" or
"official" centre.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86829 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cosmology for the General Bianchi Type II, VI(Class A) and


  The canonical quantization of the most general minisuperspace actions --i.e.
with all six scale factor as well as the lapse function and the shift vector
present-- describing the vacuum type II, VI and VII geometries, is considered.
The reduction to the corresponding physical degrees of freedom is achieved
through the usage of the linear constraints as well as the quantum version of
the entire set of classical integrals of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73583 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Polarisation Tensors in Constant Electromagnetic Fields: Part III


  The string-inspired technique is used for a first calculation of the one-loop
axialvector vacuum polarisation in a general constant electromagnetic field. A
compact result is reached for the difference between this tensor and the
corresponding vector vacuum polarisation. This result is confirmed by a Feynman
diagram calculation. Its physical relevance is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148617 </DOCNO>
On the dual equivalence of the Born-Infeld-Chern-Simons model coupled to


  We study the equivalence between a nonlinear self-dual model (NSD) with the
Born-Infeld-Chern-Simons (BICS) models using an iterative gauge embedding
procedure that produces the duality mapping, including the case where the NSD
model is minimally coupled to dynamical, U(1) charged fermionic matter. The
duality mapping introduces a current-current interaction term while at the same
time the minimal coupling of the original nonlinear self-dual model is replaced
by a non-minimal magnetic like coupling in the BICS side.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41731 </DOCNO>
Crystal collimation experiment on 70-GeV proton accelerator


  The first proof-of-principle experiment on "crystal collimation" was
performed with 70-GeV protons on IHEP accelerator. A bent crystal installed in
the ring as a primary element upstream of a collimator has reduced the
radiation levels downstream in the accelerator by a factor of two. The
measurements agree with Monte Carlo predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7084 </DOCNO>
Impact of optical phonon scattering on magnetotransport in


  The transport in double-barrier heterostructures of electrons interacting
with longitudinal optical phonons in the presence of parallel electric and
magnetic fields is analyzed theoretically with the aid of a 3-dimensional
quantum transport simulator. Inter Landau state transitions induced by
LO-phonon scattering-assisted resonant-tunneling is shown to be an important
process with a probability comparable to that of intra Landau state scattering.
Analysis of the current-voltage characteristics reveals also that the current
peak is a periodic function of the inverse of the magnetic field, with a period
dependent on the quasi-resonant energy level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127071 </DOCNO>
Dielectronic Recombination (via N=2 --> N'=2 Core Excitations) and


  We have measured the resonance strengths and energies for dielectronic
recombination (DR) of Fe XX forming Fe XIX via N=2 --> N'=2 (Delta_N=0) core
excitations. We have also calculated the DR resonance strengths and energies
using AUTOSTRUCTURE, HULLAC, MCDF, and R-matrix methods, four different
state-of-the-art theoretical techniques. On average the theoretical resonance
strengths agree to within <~10% with experiment. However, the 1 sigma standard
deviation for the ratios of the theoretical-to-experimental resonance strengths
is >~30% which is significantly larger than the estimated relative experimental
uncertainty of <~10%. This suggests that similar errors exist in the calculated
level populations and line emission spectrum of the recombined ion. We confirm
that theoretical methods based on inverse-photoionization calculations (e.g.,
undamped R-matrix methods) will severely overestimate the strength of the DR
process unless they include the effects of radiation damping. We also find that
the coupling between the DR and radiative recombination (RR) channels is small.
We have used our experimental and theoretical results to produce
Maxwellian-averaged rate coefficients for Delta_N=0 DR of Fe XX. For kT>~1 eV,
which includes the predicted formation temperatures for Fe XX in an optically
thin, low-density photoionized plasma with cosmic abundances, our experimental
and theoretical results are in good agreement. We have also used our R-matrix
results, topped off using AUTOSTRUCTURE for RR into J>=25 levels, to calculate
the rate coefficient for RR of Fe XX. Our RR results are in good agreement with
previously published calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4750 </DOCNO>
Skyrmion $\leftrightarrow$ pseudoSkyrmion Transition in Bilayer Quantum


  Bilayer quantum Hall states at $\nu =1$ have been demonstrated to possess a
distinguished state with interlayer phase coherence. The state has both
excitations of Skyrmion with spin and pseudoSkyrmion with pseudospin. We show
that Skyrmion $\leftrightarrow$ pseudoSkyrmion transition arises in the state
by changing imbalance between electron densities in both layers; PseudoSkyrmion
is realized at balance point, while Skyrmion is realized at large imbalance.
The transition can be seen by observing the dependence of activation energies
on magnetic field parallel to the layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6880 </DOCNO>
Prediction of High Tc Superconductivity in Hole-doped LiBC


  The layered lithium borocarbide LiBC, isovalent with and structurally similar
to the superconductor MgB2, is an insulator due to the modulation within the
hexagonal layers (BC vs. B2). We show that hole-doping of LiBC results in Fermi
surfaces of B-C p sigma character that couple very strongly to B-C bond
stretching modes, precisely the features that lead to superconductivity at Tc =
40 K in MgB2. Comparison of Li{0.5}BC with MgB2 indicates the former to be a
prime candidate for electron-phonon coupled superconductivity at substantially
higher temperature than in MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97679 </DOCNO>
$\U_q(sl(n))$-invariant quantization of symmetric coadjoint orbits via


  We study relations between the two-parameter $\U_q(sl(n))$-invariant
deformation quantization on $sl^*(n)$ and the reflection equation algebra. The
latter is described by a quantum permutation on $\End(\C^n)$ given explicitly.
The reflection equation algebra is used for constructing the one-parameter
quantization on coadjoint orbits, including symmetric and certain bisymmetric
and nilpotent ones. Our approach is based on embedding the quantized function
algebras on the orbits into the algebra of functions on the quantum group
$SL_q(n)$ via reflection equation algebra characters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74713 </DOCNO>
Recent Progress in Leptogenesis


  After recalling the general virtues of leptogenesis we compare two
realizations, Affleck-Dine leptogenesis and thermal leptogenesis, which
generically lead to different predictions for neutrino masses. Finally, we
describe the progress towards a full quantum mechanical description of the
basic non-equilibrium process of leptogenesis beyond the approximations
involved in Boltzmann's equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128867 </DOCNO>
High time resolution observations of a Vela glitch


  Pulsars are rotating neutron stars, sweeping the emission regions from the
magnetic poles across our line of sight. Isolated neutron stars lose angular
momentum through dipole radiation and (possibly) particle winds, hence they
slow down extremely steadily, making them amongst the most reliable timing
sources available. However, it is well known that younger pulsars can suffer
glitches, when they suddenly deviate from their stable rotation period. On 2000
January 16 (MJD 51559) the rate of pulsation from the Vela pulsar (B0833-45)
showed such a fractional period change of 3.1 x 10^{-6}, the largest recorded
for this pulsar. The glitch was detected and reported by the Hobart radio
telescope. The speedy announcement allowed the X-ray telescope, Chandra, and
others, to make Target of Opportunity observations. The data placed an upper
limit of 40 seconds for the transition time from the orginal to the new period.
Four relaxation timescales are found, which are believed to be due to the
transfer of inertia through the internal structure. One is very short, about 60
seconds; the others have been previously reported and are 0.56, 3.33 and 19.1
days in length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86385 </DOCNO>
Some aspects of pre big bang cosmology


  This is a summary of a course given at the Fourth Mexican School on
Gravitation and Mathematical Physics on some aspects of PBB cosmology. After
introductory remarks the lectures concentrate on some amusing consequences
derived from the symmetries of the string theory with respect to such classical
concepts as isotropy and homogeneity. The extra dimensions and the symmetries
of the M theory are further applied to show that the classical singularities
might be just physically irrelevant. In the final lecture a model universe is
"produced" from "almost nothing" and it is argued that initial plane waves are
thermodynamically natural state for the universe to emerge from.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73490 </DOCNO>
Twist-three observables in deeply virtual Compton scattering on the


  We study twist-three effects in deeply virtual Compton scattering on an
unpolarized spin-1/2 target. A careful definition of observables as Fourier
moments w.r.t. the azimuthal angle allows for a clear separation of twist-two
and -three effects. Although the latter are power suppressed, they give leading
contributions to the twist-three asymmetries and do not affect the twist-two
observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179309 </DOCNO>
Randomness and Emerging Order in Nuclear Structure


  In order to investigate to what extent is the low-lying behavior of even-even
nuclei dependent on particular nucleon-nucleon interactions, we consider
systems of bosons where these interactions are taken as gaussian random numbers
with equal likelyhood of being attractive or repulsive. We find a statistical
dominance of L=0 ground states and other correlations, which we analyze in
terms of a mean field approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74748 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Remarks on flavor-neutrino propagators and oscillation


  We comment on the paper ``Remarks on flavor-neutrino propagators and
oscillation formulae'' [Phys. Rev. D64, 013011 (2001)].
  We show that the conclusions presented in that paper do not apply to the
exact field theoretical oscillation formulae obtained in the BV formalism (for
three flavors) which are free from the dependence on arbitrary mass parameters,
account for CP violation and reduce to the usual quantum mechanical
(Pontecorvo) three flavor oscillation formulae in the relativistic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75882 </DOCNO>
Effective Actions, Radii and Electromagnetic Polarizabilities of Hadrons


  A nonperturbative approach to QCD describing confinement and chiral symmetry
breaking is discussed. It is based on the path integral representation of
Green's function of quarks and leads to the QCD string theory. The effective
actions for mesons and baryons in the external uniform static electromagnetic
fields are obtained. The area law of the Wilson loop integral, the
approximation of the Nambu-Goto straight-line string, and the asymmetric
quark-diquark structure of nucleons are used to simplify the problem. The
spin-orbit and spin-spin interactions of quarks are treated as a perturbation.
Using the virial theorem we estimate the mean radii of hadrons in terms of the
string tension and the Airy function zeros. On the basis of the perturbation
theory in small external electromagnetic fields we derive the electromagnetic
polarizabilities of nucleons. The electric and diamagnetic polarizabilities of
a proton are $\bar{\alpha}_p= 10\times 10^{-4} fm^3$, $\beta_p^{dia}=-8\times
10^{-4} fm^3$ and for a neutron we find $\bar{\alpha}_n=4.2\times 10^{-4}
fm^3 $, $\beta_n^{dia}= -5.4\times 10^{-4} fm^3$. Using the $\Delta$
contribution to the paramagnetic polarizability of the nucleons, reasonable
values of the magnetic polarizabilities $\bar{\beta}_p=(5\pm 3)\times 10^{-4}
fm^3$, $\bar{\beta}_n=(7.6\pm 3)\times 10^{-4} fm^3$ are estimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150101 </DOCNO>
Large B-Fields and Noncommutative Solitons


  The purpose of this talk is to review a few issues concerning
noncommutativity arising from String Theory. In particular, it is shown how in
Type IIB Theory, the annihilation of a D3-\bar{D3} brane pair yields a
D1-string. This object, in the presence of a large B-field and fermions,
happens to be a complex noncommutative soliton endowed with superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125731 </DOCNO>
Keck II spectroscopy of mHz quasi-periodic oscillations in Hercules X-1


  We present Keck II spectroscopy of an optical mHz quasi-periodic oscillations
(QPOs) in the lightcurve of the X-ray pulsar binary Her X-1. In the power
spectrum it appears as `peaked noise', with a coherency $\sim$2, a central
frequency of 35 mHz and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 5%. However, the dynamic
power spectrum shows it to be an intermittent QPO, with a lifetime of
$\sim$hundred seconds, as expected if the lifetime of the orbiting material is
equal to the thermal timescale of the inner disk. We have decomposed the
spectral time series into constant and variable components and used blackbody
fits to the resulting spectra to characterise the spectrum of the QPO
variability and constrain possible production sites. We find that the spectrum
of the QPO is best-fit by a small hot region, possibly the inner regions of the
accretion disk, where the ballistic accretion stream impacts onto the disk. The
lack of any excess power around the QPO frequency in the X-ray power spectrum,
created using simultaneous lightcurves from XTE, implies that the QPO is not
simply reprocessed X-ray variability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95486 </DOCNO>
Duality of $\kappa$-normed topological vector spaces and their


  A duality of $\kappa$-normed topological vector spaces is defined and
investigated. For such spaces the analog of the Mackey-Arens theorem is proved.
There are investigated cases, when $\kappa$-normability of a topological vector
space implies its local convexity. There are given applications of $\kappa
$-normed spaces for resolutions of differential equations and for
approximations of functions in mathematical economy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179723 </DOCNO>
The Azimuthal Asymmetry at large $p_t$ seem to be too large for a ``Jet


  We discuss simple generic model of ``jet quenching'' in which matter
absorption is defined by one parameter. We show that as absorption grows, the
azimuthal asymmetry $v_2$ grows as well, reaching the finite limit with a
simple geometric interpretation. It turns out, that this limit is still below
the experimental values for $6> p_t > 2 GeV$, according to preliminary data
from STAR experiment at RHIC. We thus conclude that ``jet quenching'' models
alone cannot account for the observed phenomenon, and speculate about
alternative scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125745 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Black Hole Spin in Sgr A*


  The polarized mm/sub-mm radiation from Sgr A* is apparently produced by a
Keplerian structure whose peak emission occurs within several Schwarzschild
radii (r_S=2GM/c^2) of the black hole. The Chandra X-ray counterpart, if
confirmed, is presumably the self-Comptonized component from this region. In
this paper, we suggest that sub-mm timing observations could yield a signal
corresponding to the period P_0 of the marginally stable orbit, and therefore
point directly to the black hole's spin a. Sgr A*'s mass is now known to be
(2.6\pm 0.2)\times 10^6 M_\odot (an unusually accurate value for supermassive
black hole candidates), for which 2.7 min<P_0<36 min, depending on the value of
a and whether the Keplerian flow is prograde or retrograde. A Schwarzschild
black hole (a=0) should have P_0 ~ 20 min. The identification of the orbital
frequency with the innermost stable circular orbit is made feasible by the
transition from optically thick to thin emission at sub-mm wavelengths. With
stratification in the emitter, the peak of the sub-mm bump in Sgr A*'s spectrum
is thus produced at the smallest radius. We caution, however, that theoretical
uncertainties in the structure of the emission region may still produce some
ambiguity in the timing signal. Given that Sgr A*'s flux at $\nu\sim 1$ mm is
several Jy, these periods should lie within the temporal-resolving capability
of sub-mm telescopes using bolometric detectors. A determination of P_0 should
provide not only a value of a, but it should also define the angular momentum
vector of the orbiting gas in relation to the black hole's spin axis. In
addition, since the X-ray flux detected by Chandra appears to be the
self-Comptonized mm to sub-mm component, these temporal fluctuations may also
be evident in the X-ray signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75633 </DOCNO>
Strong nuclear enhancement in intermediate mass Drell-Yan production


  We calculate nuclear effect in Drell-Yan massive lepton-pair production in
terms of parton multiple scattering in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). We present
the nuclear modification to inclusive Drell-Yan cross section $d\sigma/dQ^2$ in
terms of multiparton correlation functions. By extracting the size of the
correlation functions from measured Drell-Yan transverse momentum broadening in
nuclear medium, we determine the nuclear modification at $O(\alpha_s/Q^2)$. We
find that the nuclear modification strongly enhances the inclusive Drell-Yan
cross section in the intermediate mass region (IMR): $1.5 < Q < 2.5$ GeV. We
argue that the Drell-Yan process is responsible for the majority of the
observed dimuon enhancement in the IMR in the Pb-Pb collisions at CERN SPS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3686 </DOCNO>
Microscopic interface phonon modes in structures of GaAs quantum dots


  By means of a microscopic valence force field model, a series of novel
microscopic interface phonon modes are identified in shell quantum dots(SQDs)
composed of a GaAs quantum dot of nanoscale embedded in an AlAs shell of a few
atomic layers in thickness. In SQDs with such thin shells, the basic principle
of the continuum dielectric model and the macroscopic dielectric function are
not valid any more. The frequencies of these microscopic interface modes lie
inside the gap between the bulk GaAs band and the bulk AlAs band, contrary to
the macroscopic interface phonon modes. The average vibrational energies and
amplitudes of each atomic shell show peaks at the interface between GaAs and
AlAs. These peaks decay fast as their penetrating depths from the interface
increase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4913 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Lifshitz Point at $O(\epsilon_L^2)$


  We present the critical exponents $\nu_{L2}$, $\eta_{L2}$ and $\gamma_{L}$
for an $m$-axial Lifshitz point at second order in an $\epsilon_{L}$ expansion.
We introduced a constraint involving the loop momenta along the $m$-dimensional
subspace in order to perform two- and three-loop integrals. The results are
valid in the range $0 \leq m < d$. The case $m=0$ corresponds to the usual
Ising-like critical behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98066 </DOCNO>
A Generalized Osgood Condition for Viscosity Solutions to Fully


  Using a generalized assumption of Osgood type, we prove a comparison result
between viscosity sub and supersolutions of fully nonlinear, possibly strongly
degenerate, parabolic equations under rather generale assumtpions. The
principle allows to consider dependence on the gradient witha quadratic growth
and also on complex zeroth-order terms. The result it applies in particular to
a differential model for pricing Mortgage-Backed Securities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75149 </DOCNO>
Finite baryon density effects on gauge field dynamics


  We discuss the effective action for QCD gauge fields at finite temperatures
and densities, obtained after integrating out the hardest momentum scales from
the system. We show that a non-vanishing baryon density induces a charge
conjugation (C) odd operator to the gauge field action, proportional to the
chemical potential. Even though it is parametrically smaller than the leading C
even operator, it could have an important effect on C odd observables. The same
operator appears to be produced by classical kinetic theory, allowing in
principle for a non-perturbative study of such processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72338 </DOCNO>
Estimate of the primordial magnetic field helicity


  Electroweak baryogenesis proceeds via changes in the non-Abelian Chern-Simons
number. It is argued that these changes generate a primordial magnetic field
with left-handed helicity. The helicity density of the primordial magnetic
field today is then estimated to be given by $\sim 10^2 n_b$ where $n_b\sim
10^{-6}$ /cm$^3$ is the present cosmological baryon number density. With
certain assumptions about the inverse cascade we find that the field strength
at recombination is $\sim 10^{-13}$ G on a comoving coherence scale $\sim 0.1$
pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81326 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on O(a) improved twisted mass QCD


  Twisted mass QCD (tmQCD) has been introduced as a solution to the problem of
unphysical fermion zero modes in lattice QCD with quarks of the Wilson type. We
here argue that O(a) improvement of the tmQCD action and simple quark bilinear
operators can be more economical than in the standard framework. In particular,
an improved and renormalized estimator of the pion decay constant in
two-flavour QCD is available, given only the Sheikholeslami-Wohlert coefficient
c_sw and an estimate of the critical mass m_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123466 </DOCNO>
Excitation of stellar p-modes by turbulent convection: 1. Theoretical


  Stochatic excitation of stellar oscillations by turbulent convection is
investigated and an expression for the power injected into the oscillations by
the turbulent convection of the outer layers is derived which takes into
account excitation through turbulent Reynolds stresses and turbulent entropy
fluctuations. This formulation generalizes results from previous works and is
built so as to enable investigations of various possible spatial and temporal
spectra of stellar turbulent convection. For the Reynolds stress contribution
and assuming the Kolmogorov spectrum we obtain a similar formulation than those
derived by previous authors. The entropy contribution to excitation is found to
originate from the advection of the Eulerian entropy fluctuations by the
turbulent velocity field. Numerical computations in the solar case in a
companion paper indicate that the entropy source term is dominant over Reynold
stress contribution to mode excitation, except at high frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74724 </DOCNO>
Neutrinoless double beta decay, solar neutrinos and mass scales


  We obtain bounds for the neutrino masses by combining atmospheric and solar
neutrino data with the phenomenology of neutrinoless double beta decay where
hypothetical values of |< m>| are envisaged from future
0\nu\beta\beta-experiments. Different solutions for the solar neutrino data are
considered. For the Large-Mixing-Angle solution, a bound |< m>| \leq 0.01 eV
would strongly disfavour an inverted hierarchy of the neutrino masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128643 </DOCNO>
A Cyclic Model of the Universe


  Why is the Universe homogeneous and isotropic on large scales? Why is it
spatially flat? How did the inhomogeneities in the Universe arise that lead to
the formation of galaxies and the fluctuations in the cosmic microwave
background? Inflationary cosmology answers these three important questions by
introducing a brief period of extraordinary cosmic acceleration during the
first $10^{-30}$ seconds after the big bang. However, there are other deep
questions of cosmology which inflation does not resolve: How old is the
Universe? How big is the Universe? What occurred at the initial singularity?
What is the ultimate fate of the Universe? What is the role of the dark energy
and the recently observed low-energy cosmic acceleration? Does time, and the
arrow of time, exist before the big bang? We introduce a cyclic model of the
Universe that addresses all of these questions and does so without introducing
the extraordinarily rapid acceleration that characterizes inflationary models.
In this picture, the Universe undergoes an endless sequence of cosmic cycles
each of which begins with the Universe expanding from a `big bang' and ends
with the Universe contracting to a `big crunch.' Each big bang proceeds through
a period of radiation and matter domination consistent with the standard
cosmology. The Universe then begins an exceedingly long period of slow cosmic
acceleration (as detected in recent observations) which ultimately empties the
Universe of entropy and black holes produced in the preceding cycle and
triggers the onset of contraction to a big crunch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148254 </DOCNO>
The Form Factors and Quantum Equation of Motion in the sine-Gordon Model


  Using the methods of the 'form factor program' exact expressions of all
matrix elements are obtained for several operators of the quantum sine-Gordon
model alias the massive Thirring model. A general formula is presented which
provides form factors in terms of an integral representation. In particular
charge-less operators as for example the current of the topological charge, the
energy momentum tensor and all higher currents are considered. In the breather
sector it is found the quantum sine-Gordon field equation holds with an exact
relation between the 'bare' mass and the normalized mass. Also a relation for
the trace of the energy momentum is obtained. All results are compared with
Feynman graph expansion and full agreement is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126706 </DOCNO>
Giant Pulses from the Millisecond Pulsar B1821-24


  We have carried out a survey for `giant pulses' in 5 millisecond pulsars. We
detect individual pulses from the high Edot pulsar PSR B1821-24 with energies
exceeding 50x the mean pulse energy. These giant pulses are concentrated in a
narrow phase window coincident with the power-law non-thermal pulse seen in
hard X-rays. This is the third example of the giant pulse phenomenon. It
supports the idea that large B fields in the outer magnetosphere are critical
to the formation of such pulses and further suggests a direct connection
between giant pulses and high energy emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72658 </DOCNO>
Bilocal expansion of the Borel amplitude and the hadronic tau decay


  The singular part of Borel transform of a QCD amplitude near the infrared
renormalon can be expanded in terms of higher order Wilson coefficients of the
operators associated with the renormalon. In this paper we observe that this
expansion gives nontrivial constraints on the Borel amplitude that can be used
to improve the accuracy of the ordinary perturbative expansion of the Borel
amplitude. In particular, we consider the Borel transform of the Adler function
and its expansion around the first infrared renormalon due to the gluon
condensate. Using the next-to-leading order Wilson coefficient of the gluon
condensate operator, we obtain an exact constraint on the Borel amplitude at
the first IR renormalon. We then extrapolate, using judiciously chosen
conformal transformations and Pade approximants, the ordinary perturbative
expansion of the Borel amplitude in such a way that this constraint is
satisfied. This procedure allows us to predict the $O(\alpha_s^4)$ coefficient
of the Adler function, which gives a result consistent with the estimate by
Kataev and Starshenko using a completely different method. We then apply this
improved Borel amplitude to the tau decay width, and obtain the strong coupling
constant $\alpha_s(M_Z) =0.1193 \pm 0.0007_{exp.} \pm 0.0010_{EW+CKM} \pm
0.0009_{meth.} \pm 0.0003_{evol.}$. We then compare this result with those of
other resummation methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76739 </DOCNO>
V_{ub}, V_{cb} and Decay Constants in Effective Field Theory of Heavy


  A new framework of heavy quark effective field theory (HQEFT) is studied and
compared with the usual heavy quark effective theory (HQET). $|V_{ub}|$,
$|V_{cb}|$ and heavy meson decay constants are extracted in the new framework.
HQEFT can yield reasonable results for both exclusive and inclusive decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98347 </DOCNO>
Smooth curves in families of Calabi-Yau threefolds in homogeneous spaces


  We show the existence of geometrically rigid smooth curves of different
degrees and genera in Calabi-Yau threefolds that are complete intersections in
homogeneous spaces. In the special cases of
 Calabi-Yau complete intersections in projective spaces, our results are an
improvement of previously known results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86591 </DOCNO>
Noether and some other dynamical symmetries in Kantowski-Sachs model


  The forms of coupling of the scalar field with gravity, appearing in the
induced theory of gravity, and the potential are found in the Kantowski-Sachs
model under the assumption that the Lagrangian admits Noether symmetry. The
form thus obtained makes the Lagrangian degenerate. The constrained dynamics
thus evolved due to such degeneracy has been analysed and a solution has also
been presented which is inflationary in behaviour. It has further been shown
that there exists other technique to explore the dynamical symmetries of the
Lagrangian and that is simply by inspecting the field equations. Through this
method, Noether along with some other dynamical symmetries are found, which do
not make the Lagrangian degenerate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 380 </DOCNO>
On an exactly solvable $B_N$ type Calogero model with nonhermitian PT


  An exactly solvable many-particle quantum system is proposed by adding some
nonhermitian but PT invariant interactions to the $B_N$ Calogero model.
  We have shown that such extended $B_N$ Calogero model leads to completely
real spectrum which obey generalised exclusion statistics. It is also found
that the corresponding exchange statistics parameter exhibit `reflection
symmetry' provided the strength of a PT invariant interaction exceeds a
critical value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148947 </DOCNO>
Secrets of the Metric In N=4 and N=2* Geometries


  The metric of the gravity dual of a field theory should contain precisely the
same information as the field theory. We discuss this connection in the N=4
theory where a scalar vev may be introducedat the level of 5d supergravity and
the solutions lifted to 10d. We stress the role of brane probing in finding the
coordinates appropriate to the field theory. In these coordinates the metric
parametrizes the gauge invariant operators of the field theory and either side
of the duality is uniquely determined by the other. We follow this same chain
of computations for the 10d lift of the N=2* geometry of Pilch and Warner. The
brane probe of the metric reveals the 2d moduli space and the functional form
of the gauge coupling. In the coordinates appropriate to the field theory the
metric on moduli space takes a very simple form and one can read off the
gravity predictions for operators in the field theory. Surprisingly there is
logarithmic renormalization even in the far UV where the field theory reverts
to N=4 super Yang-Mills. We extend the analysis of Buchel et al to find the D3
brane source distribution that generates the supergravity prediction for the
gauge coupling for the whole class of solutions corresponding to different
points on moduli space. This distribution does not account for the logarithmic
behaviour in the rest of the metric though. We discuss possible resolutions of
the discrepancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86862 </DOCNO>
Isometric embeddings of black hole horizons in three-dimensional flat


  The geometry of a two-dimensional surface in a curved space can be most
easily visualized by using an isometric embedding in flat three-dimensional
space. Here we present a new method for embedding surfaces with spherical
topology in flat space when such a embedding exists. Our method is based on
expanding the surface in spherical harmonics and minimizing for the differences
between the metric on the original surface and the metric on the trial surface
in the space of the expansion coefficients. We have applied this method to
study the geometry of back hole horizons in the presence of strong,
non-axisymmetric, gravitational waves (Brill waves). We have noticed that, in
many cases, although the metric of the horizon seems to have large deviations
from axisymmetry, the intrinsic geometry of the horizon is almost axisymmetric.
The origin of the large apparent non-axisymmetry of the metric is the
deformation of the coordinate system in which the metric was computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7228 </DOCNO>
Exchange Bias in Ferromagnetic/Compensated Antiferromagnetic Bilayers


  By means of micromagnetic spin dynamics calculations, a quantitative
calculation is carried out to explore the mechanism of exchange bias (EB) in
ferromagnetic (FM)/compensated antiferromagnetic (AFM) bilayers. The
antiferromagnets with low and high Neel temperatures have been both considered,
and the crossover from negative to positive EB is found only in the case with
low Neel temperature. We propose that the mechanism of EB in FM/compensated AFM
bilayers is due to the symmetry broken of AFM that yields some net
ferromagnetic components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4681 </DOCNO>
Measuring Anti-Correlations in the Nordic Electricity Spot Market by


  We consider the Nordic electricity spot market from mid 1992 to the end of
2000. It is found that this market is well approximated by an anti-persistent
self-affine (mean-reverting) walk characterized by a Hurst exponent of $H\simeq
0.41$ over a period of time ranging from a daily to a yearly scale covering
three orders of magnitude in time. We argue that in order to see such a good
scaling behavior, and to locate cross-overs, it is crucial that an analyzing
technique is used that {\em de-couples} scales. This is achieved, in our case,
by utilizing a (multi-scale) wavelet approach. The shortcomings of methods that
do not decouple scales are illustrated by applying, to the same data set, the
classic $R/S$- and Fourier analysis, for which scaling regimes and/or positions
of cross-overs are hard to define.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126413 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of gravitational clustering III. The quasi-linear regime for


  Using a non-perturbative method developed in a previous work (paper II), we
derive the probability distribution $P(\delta_R)$ of the density contrast
within spherical cells in the quasi-linear regime for some non-Gaussian initial
conditions. We describe three such models. The first one is a straightforward
generalization of the Gaussian scenario. It can be seen as a phenomenological
description of a density field where the tails of the linear density contrast
distribution would be of the form $P_L(\delta_L) \sim
e^{-|\delta_L|^{-\alpha}}$, where $\alpha$ is no longer restricted to 2 (as in
the Gaussian case). We derive exact results for $P(\delta_R)$ in the
quasi-linear limit. The second model is a physically motivated isocurvature CDM
scenario. Our approach needs to be adapted to this specific case and in order
to get convenient analytical results we introduce a simple approximation (which
is not related to the gravitational dynamics but to the initial conditions).
Then, we find a good agreement with the available results from numerical
simulations for the pdf of the linear density contrast for $\delta_{L,R} \ga
0$. We can expect a similar accuracy for the non-linear pdf $P(\delta_R)$.
Finally, the third model corresponds to the small deviations from Gaussianity
which arise in standard slow-roll inflation. We obtain exact results for the
pdf of the density field in the quasi-linear limit, to first-order over the
primordial deviations from Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41236 </DOCNO>
Description of the RHIC p_T-spectra in a thermal model with expansion


  The assumption of simultaneous chemical and thermal freeze-outs of the hadron
gas leads to a surprisingly accurate, albeit entirely conventional, explanation
of the recently-measured RHIC pT spectra. The original thermal spectra are
supplied with secondaries from decays of all resonances, and subsequently
folded with a suitably parameterized expansion involving longitudinal and
transverse flow. The predictions of this thermal approach, with various
parametrizations for the expansion, are in a striking quantitative agreement
with the data in the whole available range of 0 < pT < 3.5GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74502 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Primary Galactic Nuclei during Phase Transitions in the


  A new mechanism describing the formation of protogalaxies is proposed, which
is based on the second- order phase transition in the inflation stage and the
domain wall formation upon the end of inflation. The presence of closed domain
walls with the size markedly exceeding the cosmological horizon at the instant
of their formation and the wall collapse in the postinflation epoch (when the
wall size becomes comparable with the cosmological horizon), which leads to the
formation of massive black hole clusters that can serve as nuclei for the
future galaxies. The black hole mass distributions obtained do not contradict
the available experimental data. The number of black holes with M ~ 100 solar
masses ($M_{\odot}$) and above is comparable with the number of Galaxies in the
visible Universe. Development of the proposed approach gives ground for a
principally new scenario of the galaxy formation in the model of hot Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2522 </DOCNO>
Many-Electron Systems with Constrained Current


  A formulation for transport in an inhomogeneous, interacting electron gas is
described. Electronic current is induced by a constraint condition imposed as a
vector Lagrange multiplier. Constrained minimization of the total energy
functional on the manifold of an arbitrary constant current leads to a
many-electron Schroedinger equation with a complex, momentum-dependent
potential. Constant current Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham approximations are
formulated within the method and application to transport for quantum wires is
developed. No appeal is made to near equilibrium conditions or other
approximations allowing development of a general ab initio electronic transport
formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6333 </DOCNO>
Dissipative effects on quantum glassy systems


  We discuss the behavior of a quantum glassy system coupled to a bath of
quantum oscillators. We show that the system localizes in the absence of
interactions when coupled to a subOhmic bath. When interactions are switched on
localization disappears and the system undergoes a phase transition towards a
glassy phase. We show that the position of the critical line separating the
disordered and the ordered phases strongly depends on the coupling to the bath.
For a given type of bath, the ordered glassy phase is favored by a stronger
coupling. Ohmic, subOhmic and superOhmic baths lead to different transition
lines. We draw our conclusions from the analysis of the partition function
using the replicated imaginary-time formalism and from the study of the
real-time dynamics of the coupled system using the Schwinger-Keldysh closed
time-path formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 962 </DOCNO>
Unconventional decay law for excited states in closed many-body systems


  We study the time evolution of an initially excited many-body state in a
finite system of interacting Fermi-particles in the situation when the
interaction gives rise to the ``chaotic'' structure of compound states. This
situation is generic for highly excited many-particle states in quantum
systems, such as heavy nuclei, complex atoms, quantum dots, spin systems, and
quantum computers. For a strong interaction the leading term for the return
probability $W(t)$ has the form $W(t)\simeq \exp (-\Delta_E^2t^2)$ with
$\Delta_E^2$ as the variance of the strength function. The conventional
exponential linear dependence $W(t)=C\exp (-\Gamma t)$ formally arises for a
very large time. However, the prefactor $C$ turns out to be exponentially
large, thus resulting in a strong difference from the conventional estimate for
$W(t)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129453 </DOCNO>
Cosmic ray propagation and acceleration


  This report covers the studies of energetic particle propagation and
acceleration presented during the 27th ICRC in sessions OG 1.3 and 1.4, plus a
few selected papers from neighbouring OG sections. We list problems discussed
within these sections and we shortly describe selected interesting achievements
and/or novel approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124375 </DOCNO>
X-rays and accretion discs as probes of the strong gravity of black


  The observations and interpretation of broad iron lines in the X-ray spectra
of Seyfert 1 galaxies are reviewed. The line profiles observed from
MCG--6-30-15 and NGC 3516 show extended red wings to the line explained by
large gravitational redshifts. The results are consistent with the emission
expected from an X-ray irradiated flat accretion disc orbiting very close to a
black hole. Results from XMM-Newton and Chandra are presented and the
possibility of broad oxygen lines discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1811 </DOCNO>
Multiwalled carbon nanotube: Luttinger liquid or not?


  We have measured IV-curves of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using end
contacts. At low voltages, the tunneling conductance obeys non-Ohmic power law,
which is predicted both by the Luttinger liquid and the
environment-quantum-fluctuation theories. However, at higher voltages we
observe a crossover to Ohm's law with a Coulomb-blockade offset, which agrees
with the environment-quantum-fluctuation theory, but cannot be explained by the
Luttinger-liquid theory. From the high-voltage tunneling conductance we
determine the transmission line parameters of the nanotubes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76286 </DOCNO>
Origins of single transverse spin asymmetries


  Single transverse spin asymmetries in p-p -> pion + X and l-p -> l-pion + X
processes have been observed; their possible origins and connections are
investigated. A phenomenological description within a pQCD generalized
factorization scheme is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96804 </DOCNO>
Solutions of Neumann problems in domains with cracks and applications to


  The first part of the course is devoted to the study of solutions to the
Laplace equation in $\Omega\setminus K$, where $\Omega$ is a two-dimensional
smooth domain and $K$ is a compact one-dimensional subset of $\Omega$. The
solutions are required to satisfy a homogeneous Neumann boundary condition on
$K$ and a nonhomogeneous Dirichlet condition on (part of) $\partial\Omega$. The
main result is the continuous dependence of the solution on $K$, with respect
to the Hausdorff metric, provided that the number of connected components of
$K$ remains bounded. Classical examples show that the result is no longer true
without this hypothesis.
  Using this stability result, the second part of the course develops a
rigorous mathematical formulation of a variational quasi-static model of the
slow growth of brittle fractures, recently introduced by Francfort and Marigo.
Starting from a discrete-time formulation, a more satisfactory continuous-time
formulation is obtained, with full justification of the convergence arguments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98783 </DOCNO>
Inverse Scattering by the Stability Index Method


  A novel numerical method for solving inverse scattering problem with
fixed-energy data is proposed. The method contains a new important concept: the
stability index of the inversion problem. This is a number, computed from the
data, which shows how stable the inversion is. If this index is small, then the
inversion provides a set of potentials which differ so little, that practically
one can represent this set by one potential. If this index is larger than some
threshold, then practically one concludes that with the given data the
inversion is unstable and the potential cannot be identified uniquely from the
data. Inversion of the fixed-energy phase shifts for several model potentials
is considered. The results show practical efficiency of the proposed method.
The method is of general nature and is applicable to a very wide variety of the
inverse problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97159 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Spheres and their Embedding into Quantum Minkowski


  We recast the Podle\`s spheres in the noncommutative physics context by
showing that they can be regarded as slices along the time coordinate of the
different regions of the quantum Minkowski space-time. The investigation of the
transformations of the quantum sphere states under the left coaction of the
${\cal SO}_{q}(3)$ group leads to a decomposition of the transformed Hilbert
space states in terms of orthogonal subspaces exhibiting the periodicity of the
quantum sphere states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7344 </DOCNO>
A Dynamic Atomistic-Continuum Method for the Simulation of Crystalline


  We present a coupled atomistic-continuum method for the modeling of defects
and interface dynamics of crystalline materials. The method uses atomistic
models such as molecular dynamics near defects and interfaces, and continuum
models away from defects and interfaces. We propose a new class of matching
conditions between the atomistic and continuum regions. These conditions ensure
the accurate passage of large scale information between the atomistic and
continuum regions and at the same time minimize the reflection of phonons at
the atomistic-continuum interface. They can be made adaptive if we choose
appropriate weight functions. We present applications to dislocation dynamics,
friction between two-dimensional crystal surfaces and fracture dynamics. We
compare results of the coupled method and the detailed atomistic model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96817 </DOCNO>
A Characterization of the Heat Kernel Coefficients


  We consider the asymptotic expansion of the heat kernel of a generalized
Laplacian for $t\to 0^+$ and characterize the coefficients $a_k$ of this
expansion by a natural intertwining property. In particular we will give a
closed formula for the infinite order jet of these coefficients on the diagonal
in terms of the local expressions of the powers of the given generalized
Laplacian in normal coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83734 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Network Traffic in Switched Ethernet Systems


  A 100 Mbps Ethernet link between a college campus and the outside world was
monitored with a dedicated PC and the measured data analysed for its
statistical properties. Similar measurements were taken at an internal node of
the network. The networks in both cases are a full-duplex switched Ethernet.
Inter-event interval histograms and power spectra of the throughput aggregated
for 10ms bins were used to analyse the measured traffic. For most investigated
cases both methods reveal that the traffic behaves according to a power law.
The results will be used in later studies to parameterise models for network
traffic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86104 </DOCNO>
Gravity on branes


  We consider the four dimensional discontinuity generated by two identical
pieces of a five dimensional space pasted along their edge (that is a "brane"
in a "$Z_2$-symmetric" "bulk"). Using a four plus one decomposition of the
Riemann tensor we write the equations for gravity on the brane and recover in a
simple manner a number of known "brane world" scenarios. We study under which
conditions these equations reduce, exactly or approximately, to the four
dimensional Einstein equations. We conclude that if the bulk is imposed to be
only an Einstein space near the brane, Einstein's equations can be recovered
approximately on the brane, but if it is imposed to be strictly anti-de Sitter
space then the Einstein equations cannot hold, even approximately, on a
quasi-Minkowskian brane, unless matter obeys a very contrived equation of
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128427 </DOCNO>
The UCSD HIRES/KeckI Damped Lya Abundance Database: II. The Implications


  We present a comprehensive analysis of the damped Lya abundance database
presented in the first paper of this series. This database provides a
homogeneous set of abundance measurements for many elements including Si, Cr,
Ni, Zn, Fe, Al, S, Co, O, and Ar from 38 damped Lya systems with z > 1.5. With
little exception, these damped Llya systems exhibit very similar relative
abundances. There is no significant correlation in X/Fe with [Fe/H] metallicity
and the dispersion in X/Fe is small at all metallicity.
  We search the database for trends indicative of dust depletion and in a few
cases find strong evidence. Specifically, we identify a correlation between
[Si/Ti] and [Zn/Fe] which is unambiguous evidence for depletion.
  We present a discussion on the nucleosynthetic history of the damped Lya
systems by focusing on abundance patterns which are minimally affected by dust
depletion. We find [Si/Fe] -> +0.25 dex as [Zn/Fe] -> 0 and that the [Si/Fe]
values exhibit a plateau of ~+0.3 dex at [Si/H] < -1.5 dex. Together these
trends indicate significant alpha-enrichment in the damped Lya systems at low
metallicity, an interpretation further supported by the observed O/Fe, S/Fe and
Ar/Fe ratios. We also discuss Fe-peak nucleosynthesis and the odd-even effect.
  To assess the impact of dust obscuration, we present estimates of the
dust-to-gas ratios for the damped Lya sightlines and crudely calculate dust
extinction corrections. The distribution of extinction corrections suggests the
effects of dust obscuration are minimal and that the population of 'missing'
damped systems has physical characteristics similar to the observed sample.
  We update our investigation on the chemical evolution of the early universe
in neutral gas. [significantly abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1311 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous phase separation in a vibro-fluidized granular layer


  A new type of two phase coexistence in a vibrated granular material is
reported, in the limit where energy transfer between the particles and the
bottom wall occurs due to discrete collisions. A horizontally homogeneous bed
develops inhomogeneities in which a dense and a dilute phase separate and
coexist. The dilute region resembles a gas, while the dense region is like a
liquid with a velocity distribution very different from a Gaussian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87221 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Gravity With a Dynamical Preferred Frame


  While general relativity possesses local Lorentz invariance, both canonical
quantum gravity and string theory suggest that Lorentz invariance may be broken
at high energies. Broken Lorentz invariance has also been postulated as an
explanation for astrophysical anomalies such as the missing GZK cutoff.
Therefore, we seek an effective field theory description of gravity where
Lorentz invariance is broken. We will construct a candidate theory and then
briefly discuss some of the implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83913 </DOCNO>
Algorithmic Information Theoretic Issues in Quantum Mechanics


  taking aside the review part, a finite-cardinality's set of new ideas
concerning algorithmic information issues in Quantum Mechanics is introduced
and analyzed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169443 </DOCNO>
Suppression of decoherence in quantum registers by entanglement with a


  It is shown that a nonequilibrium environment can be instrumental in
suppressing decoherence in quantum registers. The effect is found in the
framework of exact coherent product solutions for model registers decohering in
a bath of degenerate harmonic modes, through couplings linear in bath
coordinates. Such solutions represent a natural nonequilibrium extension of the
standard solution for a decoupled initial register state and a thermal
environment. Under appropriate conditions, the corresponding evolutions can
propagate the reduced register distribution in an unperturbed manner, despite
strong, persistent bath entanglement. As a byproduct, we also suggest a
straightforward refinement of bang-bang decoherence control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5858 </DOCNO>
Bond-disordered spin systems: Theory and application to doped high-Tc


  We examine the stability of magnetic order in a classical Heisenberg model
with quenched random exchange couplings. This system represents the spin
degrees of freedom in high-$T_\textrm{c}$ compounds with immobile dopants.
Starting from a replica representation of the nonlinear $\sigma$-model, we
perform a renormalization-group analysis. The importance of cumulants of the
disorder distribution to arbitrarily high orders necessitates a functional
renormalization scheme. From the renormalization flow equations we determine
the magnetic correlation length numerically as a function of the impurity
concentration and of temperature. From our analysis follows that
two-dimensional layers can be magnetically ordered for arbitrarily strong but
sufficiently diluted defects. We further consider the dimensional crossover in
a stack of weakly coupled layers. The resulting phase diagram is compared with
experimental data for La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1104 </DOCNO>
Andreev scattering in the asymmetric ladder with preformed bosonic pairs


  We discuss the phase coherence which emanates from the ladder-like proximity
effect between a ``weak superconductor'' with preformed bosonic pairs (here, a
single-chain Luther-Emery liquid with superconducting correlations that decay
approximately as $x^{-1}$) and a Fermi gas with unpaired fermions. Carefully
studying tunneling mechanism(s), we show that the boson-mediated Cooper pairing
between remaining unpaired electrons results in a quasi long-range
superconductivity: Superconducting correlations decay very slowly as
$x^{-\eta}$ with $\eta\approx 1/2$. This process is reminiscent of the coupling
of fermions to preformed bosonic pairs introduced in the context of high-Tc
cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126971 </DOCNO>
EVN observations of low-luminosity flat-spectrum AGNs


  We present and discuss the results of VLBI (EVN) observations of three
low-luminosity (P(5 GHz)<10^25 W/Hz) Broad Emission Line AGNs carefully
selected from a sample of flat spectrum radio sources (CLASS). Based on the
total and the extended radio power at 5 GHz and at 1.4 GHz respectively, these
objects should be technically classified as radio-quiet AGN and thus the origin
of their radio emission is not clearly understood. The VLBI observations
presented in this paper have revealed compact radio cores which imply a lower
limit on the brightness temperature of about 3X10^8 K. This result rules out a
thermal origin for the radio emission and strongly suggests an emission
mechanism similar to that observed in more powerful radio-loud AGNs. Since, by
definition, the three objects show a flat (or inverted) radio spectrum between
1.4 GHz and 8.4 GHz, the observed radio emission could be relativistically
beamed. Multi-epoch VLBI observations can confirm this possibility in two years
time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97227 </DOCNO>
Secondary Brown-Kervaire Quadratic forms and $\pi$-manifolds


  In this paper we define a secondary Brown-Kervaire quadratic forms. Among the
applications we obtain a complete classification of (n-2)-connected
2n-dimensional framed manifolds up to homeomorphism and homotopy equivalence, .
In particular, we prove that the homotopy type of such manifolds determine
their homeomorphism type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6017 </DOCNO>
Modeling Two Dimensional Magnetic Domain Patterns


  Two-dimensional magnetic garnets exhibit complex and fascinating magnetic
domain structures, like stripes, labyrinths, cells and mixed states of stripes
and cells. These patterns do change in a reversible way when the intensity of
an externally applied magnetic field is varied. The main objective of this
contribution is to present the results of a model that yields a rich pattern
structure that closely resembles what is observed experimentally. Our model is
a generalized two-dimensional Ising-like spin-one Hamiltonian with long-range
interactions, which also incorporates anisotropy and Zeeman terms. The model is
studied numerically, by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Changing the model
parameters stripes, labyrinth and/or cellular domain structures are generated.
For a variety of cases we display the patterns, determine the average size of
the domains, the ordering transition temperature, specific heat, magnetic
susceptibility and hysteresis cycle. Finally, we examine the reversibility of
the pattern evolution under variations of the applied magnetic field. The
results we obtain are in good qualitative agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41488 </DOCNO>
CDF results on diffraction from Run I and plans for Run II


  Results on soft and hard diffraction obtained by the CDF Collaboration in Run
I of the Fermilab Tevatron pbar-p collider are reviewed and compared with
results from the DESY e-p collider HERA and with theoretical expectations. In
addition, the CDF program for diffractive studies in Run II is briefly reviewed
with emphasis on the relevant detector upgrades and physics goals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96935 </DOCNO>
A q-analogue of the Wigner-Eckart theorem for the nonstandard q-deformed


  The tensor product of vector and arbitrary representations of the nonstandard
q-deformation U'_q(so(n)) of the universal enveloping algebra U(so(n)) of Lie
algebra so(n) is defined. The Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of tensor product of
vector and arbitrary classical or nonclassical type representations of
q-algebra U'_q(so(n)) are found in an explicit form. The Wigner-Eckart theorem
for vector operators is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86458 </DOCNO>
R-mode Instability of Slowly Rotating Non-isentropic Relativistic Stars


  We investigate properties of $r$-mode instability in slowly rotating
relativistic polytropes. Inside the star slow rotation and low frequency
formalism that was mainly developed by Kojima is employed to study axial
oscillations restored by Coriolis force. At the stellar surface, in order to
take account of gravitational radiation reaction effect, we use a near-zone
boundary condition instead of the usually imposed boundary condition for
asymptotically flat spacetime. Due to the boundary condition, complex
frequencies whose imaginary part represents secular instability are obtained
for discrete $r$-mode oscillations in some polytropic models. It is found that
such discrete $r$-mode solutions can be obtained only for some restricted
polytropic models. Basic properties of the solutions are similar to those
obtained by imposing the boundary condition for asymptotically flat spacetime.
Our results suggest that existence of a continuous part of spectrum cannot be
avoided even when its frequency becomes complex due to the emission of
gravitational radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76859 </DOCNO>
Physics Results from the AMANDA Neutrino Detector


  In the winter season of 2000, the AMANDA (Antarctic Muon And Neutrino
Detector Array) detector was completed to its final state. We report on major
physics results obtained from the AMANDA-B10 detector, as well as initial
results of the full AMANDA-II detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87012 </DOCNO>
Causal Bulk Viscous Dissipative Isotropic Cosmologies with Variable


  We consider the evolution of a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe,
filled with a causal bulk viscous cosmological fluid, in the presence of
variable gravitational and cosmological constants. The basic equation for the
Hubble parameter, generalizing the evolution equation in the case of constant
gravitational coupling and cosmological term, is derived, under the
supplementary assumption that the total energy of the Universe is conserved. By
assuming that the cosmological constant is proportional to the square of the
Hubble parameter and a power law dependence of the bulk viscosity coefficient,
temperature and relaxation time on the energy density of the cosmological
fluid, two classes of exact solutions of the field equations are obtained. In
the first class of solutions the Universe ends in an inflationary era, while in
the second class of solutions the expansion of the Universe is non-inflationary
for all times. In both models the cosmological "constant" is a decreasing
function of time, while the gravitational "constant" increases in the early
period of evolution of the Universe, tending in the large time limit to a
constant value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76688 </DOCNO>
The observational appearance of strange stars


  Strange quark matter with the density of ~ 5\times 10^{14} g cm^{-3} might
exist up to the surface of a strange star. This differs qualitatively from the
case of a neutron star and opens observational possibilities to distinguish
strange stars from neutron stars. The thermal emission of photons and e^+e^-
pairs from the bare (or nearly bare) quark surface of hot strange stars is
reviewed. Bare strange stars are reasonable candidates for soft gamma-ray
repeaters. The bursting activity of a soft gamma-ray repeater may be explained
by fast heating of the bare quark surface of a strange star up to the
temperature of ~ (1-2)\times 10^9 K and its subsequent thermal emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4757 </DOCNO>
O(1) loop model with different boundary conditions and symmetry classes


  This work as an extension of our recent paper where we have found a numerical
evidence for the fact that the numbers of the states of the fully packed loop
(FPL) model with fixed link-patterns coincide with the components of the ground
state vector of the dense O(1) loop model for periodic boundary conditions and
an even number of sites. Here we give two new conjectures related to different
boundary conditions. Namely, we suggest that the numbers of the half-turn
symmetric states of the FPL model with fixed link-patterns coincide with the
components of the ground state vector of the dense O(1) loop model for periodic
boundary conditions and an odd number of sites and that the corresponding
numbers of the vertically symmetric states describe the case of the open
boundary conditions and an even number of sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74554 </DOCNO>
Hadron-Gluon Interactions and the Pomeron


  An interaction term is added to the QCD Lagrangian involving hadron and gluon
fields. An effective vertex is calculated for such interactions through
exchanges of reggeized gluons. This gives rise to an effective coupling for
hadron-gluon elastic scattering in the t-channel, which is used in an inclusive
hadron-hadron interaction from which the Pomeron intercept alpha(0) is
calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75515 </DOCNO>
Spin rotation and oscillation of high energy particles in storage ring


  Phenomena of rotation and oscillations of particle spin are discussed for
particles rotating in storage ring. The fact that these effects are described
by spin-dependent part of zero-angle scattering amplitude allows to use them
for the measurement of this amplitude at different energies of colliding
particles. It is shown that effect magnitudes are large and they can be
observed at the existing accelerators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86966 </DOCNO>
Schwarzschild horizon and the gravitational redshift formula


  The gravitational redshift formula is usually derived in the geometric optics
approximation. In this note we consider an exact formulation of the problem in
the Schwarzschild space-time, with the intention to clarify under what
conditions this redshift law is valid. It is shown that in the case of shocks
the radial component of the Poynting vector can scale according to the redshift
formula, under a suitable condition. If that condition is not satisfied, then
the effect of the backscattering can lead to significant modifications. The
obtained results imply that the energy flux of the short wavelength radiation
obeys the standard gravitational redshift formula while the energy flux of long
waves can scale differently, with redshifts being dependent on the frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73719 </DOCNO>
Low temperature relation for the trace of the energy-momentum tensor in


  It is shown that the temperature derivatives of the anomalous and normal
(quark massive term) contributions to the trace of the energy-momentum tensor
in QCD are equal to each other in the low temperature region. The physical
consequences of this relation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6274 </DOCNO>
Commensurate and Incommensurate Phases of a Spin-Peierls System


  The interest in the study of spin-Peierls phenomenon has increased with the
discovery of copper germanium oxide (CuGeO_3) as an example of spin-Peierls
systems. The availability of this inorganic compound as large, high quality
single crystals, allow experimental measurements which aid in understanding the
spin-Peierls phenomenon. This report details the numerical and analytical work
done on the various magnetic phases that occur in a quasi-one-dimensional
spin-Peierls system (like that of copper germanium oxide). Taking the system to
be finite, the bond displacements, single particle energies, energy
eigenfunctions, spin densities and phonon frequencies are calculated
numerically for all possible magnetizations, which includes both the
commensurate and incommensurate phases, at zero temperature. Solitons of
fractional spin are found to be present in the system for appropriate
magnetizations. The uniform to dimerized phase transition occurring in this
system is also modelled numerically. The single particle and ground-state
energies are later obtained theoretically for the uniform and dimerized phases.
In addition, the lattice spin displacements are analytically modelled for a
particular magnetization of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126228 </DOCNO>
On the double-mode RR Lyrae variables of the Sculptor dwarf galaxy


  Frequency analysis of more than 300 stars of the OGLE database on Sculptor
galaxy has led to the discovery of 18 double-mode RR Lyrae (RRd) variables.
This yields a 20% incidence rate for double-mode pulsation among the variables
previously classified as first overtone RR Lyrae stars in this galaxy. Most of
the RRd stars cover the period range of 0.47d < P_0 < 0.49d but there are two
stars with longer periods of ~0.54d. All variables fit well in the pattern of
the P_0 --> P_1/P_0 diagram, spanned by the RRd stars of the Galactic globular
clusters and those of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). It follows from our
previous investigations that the luminosities and masses of the RRd stars in
Galactic globular clusters and in the LMC are almost independent of
metallicity. By assuming that the Sculptor RRd variables also obey this rule,
with the aid of the pulsation equations we estimate their metallicities. For
most of the stars we get [Fe/H]~ -1.5, which is the same value as that obtained
from a semi-empirical method for the average metallicity of the fundamental
mode (RRab) stars. Two RRd stars have considerably lower metallicities, but
even those are within the range corresponding to the RRab stars. The narrower
metallicity range of the RRd stars is in agreement with their observed
luminosity range, which is about three times smaller than that of the RRab
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41583 </DOCNO>
Search for direct CP violation in B to K pi, pi pi, K K, Quasi-Two-Body


  A sample of 23 million B B-bar events collected with the BABAR detector at
the PEP-II collider is used in a search for direct CP violation in charmless
two-body B decays, quasi two-body B decays, and the radiative penguin decays B
to K* gamma. No evidence for direct CP violation is found in the considered
modes and 90% confidence level limits are reported. We also present a limit on
the branching fraction of the decay B0 to gamma gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83701 </DOCNO>
Building Views with Description Logics in ADE: Application Development


  Any of views is formally defined within description logics that were
established as a family of logics for modeling complex hereditary structures
and have a suitable expressive power. This paper considers the Application
Development Environment (ADE) over generalized variable concepts that are used
to build database applications involving the supporting views. The front-end
user interacts the database via separate ADE access mechanism intermediated by
view support. The variety of applications may be generated that communicate
with different and distinct desktop databases in a data warehouse. The advanced
techniques allows to involve remote or stored procedures retrieval and call.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41480 </DOCNO>
Radiative decay width of the a2(1320)^- meson


  Coherent pi^+pi^-pi^- production in the interactions of a beam of 600 GeV
pi^- mesons with C, Cu and Pb nuclei has been studied with the SELEX facility
(Experiment E781 at Fermilab). The a2(1320) meson signal has been detected in
the Coulomb (low q^2) region. The Primakoff formalism used to extract radiative
decay width of this meson yields Gamma=284+/-25+/-25 keV, which is the most
precise measurement to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179109 </DOCNO>
Realistic models of pion-exchange three-nucleon interactions


  We present realistic models of pion-exchange three-nucleon interactions
obtained by fitting the energies of all the 17 bound or narrow states of 3 <= A
<= 8 nucleons, calculated with less than 2% error using the Green's function
Monte Carlo method. The models contain two-pion-exchange terms due to pi-N
scattering in S- and P-waves, three-pion-exchange terms due to ring diagrams
with one Delta in the intermediate states, and a phenomenological repulsive
term. The models have five parameters: the four strengths and the short-range
cutoff. The 17 fitted energies are insufficient to determine all of them
uniquely.
  We consider five models; they reproduce the observed energies with an rms
error < 1% when used together with the Argonne v18 two-nucleon interaction. In
one of the models the pi-N S-wave scattering interaction is set to zero; in all
others it has the strength suggested by chiral effective field theory. One
model also assumes that the pi-N P-wave scattering interaction has the strength
suggested by effective field theories, and the cutoff is adjusted to fit the
data. In all other models the cutoff is taken to be the same as in the AV18
interaction. The effect of relativistic boost correction is estimated. Results
obtained with only Argonne v8' and v18 interactions are also reported. In
addition, we present results for 7- and 8-body neutron drops in external
potential wells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76086 </DOCNO>
Implications of a New Effective Chiral Meson Lagrangian


  Based on a recently derived effective chiral meson Lagrangian from the
extended SU(2)\otimes SU(2) Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio (ENJL) model, in the linear
realization of chiral symmetry, we extract to leading order in the 1/N_c
expansion all associated relevant three-point functions \rho \to \pi\pi, \sigma
\to \pi\pi, a_1 \to \rho\pi, a_1 \to \sigma\pi, as well as the amplitude for
\pi\pi scattering. We discuss the formal differences of these amplitudes as
compared with those derived in the literature and calculate the associated
decay widths and scattering parameters. The differences have two origins: i)
new terms, which are proportional to the current quark mass and arise from
taking the correct NJL vacuum from the first steps in a proper-time expansion,
are present in the Lagrangian; ii) an implemented chiral covariant treatment of
the diagonalization in the pseudoscalar - axialvector sector induces new
couplings between three or more mesonic fields. Both effects have been derived
from the chiral Ward Takahashi identities, which are fully taken into account
at each order of the proper-time expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1029 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Specific heat of a Fermi system near ferromagnetic quantum


  We comment on various incorrect claims made in a recent paper by Grosu et al.
(cond-mat/0101392).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125429 </DOCNO>
Propagation of Magnetized Neutron Stars Through the Interstellar Medium


  This work investigates the propagation of magnetized, isolated old neutron
stars through the interstellar medium. We performed axisymmetric non
relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the propagation of a
non-rotating star with dipole magnetic field aligned with its velocity through
the interstellar medium (ISM). Effects of rotation will be discussed in a
subsequent work. We consider two cases: (1) where theaccretion radius $R_{acc}$
is comparable to the magnetic standoff distance or Alfv\'en radius $R_A$ and
gravitational focusing is important; and (2) where $R_{acc}<< R_A$ and the
magnetized star interacts with the ISM as a ``magnetic plow'', without
significant gravitational focusing. For the first case simulations were done at
a low Mach number ${\cal M}=3$ for a range of values of the magnetic field
$B_*$. For the second case, simulations were done for higher Mach numbers,
${\cal M}=10,$ 30, and 50. In both cases, the magnetosphere of the star
represents an obstacle for the flow, and a shock wavestands in front of the
star. Magnetic field lines are stretched downwind from the star and form a
hollow elongated magnetotail. Reconnection of the magnetic field is observed in
the tail which may lead to acceleration of particles. Similar powers are
estimated to be released in the bow shock wave and in the magnetotail. The
estimated powers are, however, below present detection limits. Results of our
simulations maybe applied to other strongly magnetized stars, for example,
white dwarfs and magnetic Ap stars. Future more sensitive observations may
reveal long magnetotails of magnetized stars moving through the ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75200 </DOCNO>
Topological String Defect Formation During the Chiral Phase Transition


  We extend and generalize the seminal work of Brandenberger, Huang and Zhang
on the formation of strings during chiral phase transitions(berger) and discuss
the formation of abelian and non-abelian topological strings during such
transitions in the early Universe and in the high energy heavy-ion collisions.
Chiral symmetry as well as deconfinement are restored in the core of these
defects. Formation of a dense network of string defects is likely to play an
important role in the dynamics following the chiral phase transition. We
speculate that such a network can give rise to non-azimuthal distribution of
transverse energy in heavy-ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168684 </DOCNO>
Notions of controllability for quantum mechanical systems


  In this paper, we define four different notions of controllability of
physical interest for multilevel quantum mechanical systems. These notions
involve the possibility of driving the evolution operator as well as the state
of the system. We establish the connections among these different notions as
well as methods to verify controllability.
  The paper also contains results on the relation between the controllability
in arbitrary small time of a system varying on a compact transformation Lie
group and the corresponding system on the associated homogeneous space. As an
application, we prove that, for the system of two interacting spin 1/2
particles, not every state transfer can be obtained in arbitrary small time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73929 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics of Neutrino Oscillations


  Subtle problems in the theory of neutrino oscillations in vacuum are
discussed. It is shown that Lorentz invariance implies that in general flavor
neutrinos in oscillation experiments are superpositions of massive neutrinos
with different energies and different momenta. It is argued that a wave packet
description of massive neutrinos is necessary in order to understand the
physics of neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113698 </DOCNO>
Light Propagation For Accelerated Observers


  We show that for an observer in translational, rotational or gravitational
motion, a linearly polarized plane wave has two modes of propagation in a
stationary, homogeneous and isotropic medium according to Hertz's version of
Maxwell's theory. The first mode is characterized by polarization at right
angles to the direction of propagation and has a phase velocity that is
controlled by the material constants of the medium. The second mode is
characterized by polarization along the propagation direction and has a phase
velocity that is controlled by the motion of the observer. We outline some
applications of the second mode in emerging technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124915 </DOCNO>
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - V. The 10k catalogue


  We present a catalogue comprising over 10000 QSOs covering an effective area
of 289.6 sq. degrees, based on spectroscopic observations with the 2-degree
Field instrument at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. This catalogue forms the
first release of the 2-degree Field QSO Redshift Survey. QSO candidates with
18.25<b_J<20.85 were obtained from a single homogeneous colour-selected
catalogue based on APM measurements of UK Schmidt photographic material. The
final catalogue will contain approximately 25000 QSOs and will be released to
the public at the end of 2002, one year after the observational phase is
concluded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98791 </DOCNO>
Branching rules of semi-simple Lie algebras using affine extensions


  We present a closed formula for the branching coefficients of an embedding p
in g of two finite-dimensional semi-simple Lie algebras. The formula is based
on the untwisted affine extension of p. It leads to an alternative proof of a
simple algorithm for the computation of branching rules which is an analog of
the Racah-Speiser algorithm for tensor products. We present some simple
applications and describe how integral representations for branching
coefficients can be obtained. In the last part we comment on the relation of
our approach to the theory of NIM-reps of the fusion rings of WZW models with
chiral algebra g_k. In fact, it turns out that for these models each embedding
p in g induces a NIM-rep at level k to infinity. In cases where these NIM-reps
can be be extended to finite level, we obtain a Verlinde-like formula for
branching coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114005 </DOCNO>
How to Introduce A World Time to A Part of Two Dimensional de Sitter


  I define 1+1 dimensional de Sitter manifold in this paper and I consider
various coordinate systems on it. I will demonstrate some introductory aspects
of the general theory of relativity using the transformations between these
coordinate systems. The problem might be of interest for physics and
mathematics students as well as for physics teachers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5985 </DOCNO>
A Herding Model with Preferential Attachment and Fragmentation


  We introduce and solve a model that mimics the herding effect in financial
markets when groups of agents share information. The number of agents in the
model is growing and at each time step either (i) with probability $p$ an
incoming agent joins an existing group, or (ii) with probability $1-p$ a group
is fragmented into individual agents. The group size distribution is found to
be power-law with an exponent that depends continuously on $p$. A number of
variants of our basic model are discussed. Comparisons are made between these
models and other models of herding and random growing networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125978 </DOCNO>
The Rapid Burster in Liller 1: the Chandra X-ray Position and a Search


  Despite the unique X-ray behavior of the compact bursting X-ray source
MXB1730-335, the "Rapid Burster" (RB) in the highly reddened globular cluster
Liller 1, to date there has been no known optical/IR counterpart for the
object, no precise astrometric solution that correlates X-ray, radio, and
optical positions and thus restricts the number of possible candidates, nor
even published IR images of the field. We solve a previous radio/X-ray
positional discrepancy, presenting the results of precise Chandra X-ray
imaging, which definitively show that the radio source is positionally aligned
with MXB1730-335. At the same time, we have detected three additional low
luminosity (Lx~10e34 erg/s) X-ray sources within two core radii, which are
possibly quiescent low-mass X-ray binaries. We present both ground-based and
Hubble Space Telescope infrared imaging of the field (in quiescent and bursting
X-ray states of the RB), together with the necessary astrometric solution to
overlay the radio/X-ray source positions. Even at HST resolution, the RB field
is very complex and there are multiple candidates. No object of unusual color,
or of substantial variability in quiescent versus active or burst versus
non-burst states, is identified. Further, more sensitive HST/NICMOS and/or
ground-based adaptive-optics observations are needed to confidently identify
the proper counterpart. In the case of the RB, uncertain but plausible
calculations on the effects of the burst on the binary companion indicate that
detection of a variable candidate should be feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75479 </DOCNO>
Electroweak radiative corrections to W-boson production at hadron


  The complete set of electroweak O(alpha) corrections to the Drell--Yan-like
production of W bosons is calculated and compared to an approximation provided
by the leading term of an expansion about the W-resonance pole. All relevant
formulae are listed explicitly, and particular attention is paid to issues of
gauge invariance and the instability of the W bosons. A detailed discussion of
numerical results underlines the phenomenological importance of the electroweak
corrections to W-boson production at the Tevatron and at the LHC. While the
pole expansion yields a good description of resonance observables, it is not
sufficient for the high-energy tail of transverse-momentum distributions,
relevant for new-physics searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6695 </DOCNO>
The study of spin-spin correlations in quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg


  For a class of quasi-one-dimensional clusters, by using exact
diagonalization, we study the effect of side spins on the spin-spin
correlations on chain. Our calculations show that the side spins added in the
same sublattice can effectively strengthen the spin-spin correlations in large
distance region and make the change tend to flat. It is exactly proved that
periodically adding side spins can set up magnetic long-range orders in the
ground state. Also we investigate the effect of the density of side spins on
correlation strength. The case that two sublattices have different localized
spins is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1090 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on 'A new method to calculate the spin-glass order


  In response to the comment made by Dr. Shirakura {\it et al}
(cond-mat/0011235), we explain that their scaling forms of the order parameter
distribution are inadequate. We then present an appropriate scaling form of the
order parameter distribution, which gives a good scaling plot of the order
parameter distribution itself and also gives consistent results with our
pevious results[1].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124751 </DOCNO>
Codes for optically thick and hot photoionized media - Radiative


  We describe a code designed for hot media {(T $\ge$} a few 10$^4$ K),
optically thick to Compton scattering. It computes the structure of a
plane-parallel slab of gas in thermal and ionization equilibrium, illuminated
on one side or on both sides by a given spectrum. This code has been presented
in a previous paper (Dumont, Abrassart & Collin 2000), where several aspects
were already discussed. So we focus here mainly on the recent developments.
Presently the code solves the transfer of the continuum with the Accelerated
Lambda Iteration method (ALI) and that of the lines in a two stream Eddington
approximation, without using the local escape probability formalism to
approximate the line transfer. This transfer code is coupled with a Monte Carlo
code which allows to take into account direct and inverse Compton diffusions,
and to compute the spectrum emitted up to MeV energies, in any geometry. The
influence of a few physical parameters is shown, and the importance of the
density and pressure distribution (constant density, pressure equilibrium, or
hydrostatic equilibrium) is stressed. Recent improvements in the treatment of
the atomic data are described, and foreseen developments are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124638 </DOCNO>
A Classic Type 2 QSO


  In the Chandra Deep Field South 1Msec exposure we have found, at redshift
3.700 +- 0.005, the most distant Type 2 AGN ever detected. It is the source
with the hardest X-ray spectrum with redshift z>3. The optical spectrum has no
detected continuum emission to a 3sigma detection limit of ~3 10^{-19}
ergs/s/cm^2/AA and shows narrow lines of Ly_alpha, CIV, NV, HeII, OVI, [OIII],
and CIII]. Their FWHM line widths have a range of ~700-2300 km/s with an
average of approximately ~1500 km/s. The emitting gas is metal rich (Z ~2.5-3
Z_solar). In the X-ray spectrum of 130 counts in the 0.5-7 keV band there is
evidence for intrinsic absorption with N_H > 10^{24} cm^{-2}. An iron K_alpha
line with rest frame energy and equivalent width of ~6.4 keV and ~1 keV,
respectively, in agreement with the obscuration scenario, is detected at a
2sigma level. If confirmed by our forthcoming XMM observations this would be
the highest redshift detection of FeK_alpha. Depending on the assumed cosmology
and the X-ray transfer model, the 2-10 keV rest frame luminosity corrected for
absorption is ~10^{45 +- 0.5} ergs/s, which makes our source a classic example
of the long sought Type 2 QSOs. From standard population synthesis models,
these sources are expected to account for a relevant fraction of the
black-hole-powered QSO distribution at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96406 </DOCNO>
Generating Converging Bounds to the (Complex) Discrete States of the


  The Eigenvalue Moment Method (EMM), Handy (2001), Handy and Wang (2001)) is
applied to the $H_\alpha \equiv P^2 + iX^3 + i\alpha X$ Hamiltonian, enabling
the algebraic/numerical generation of converging bounds to the complex energies
of the $L^2$ states, as argued (through asymptotic methods) by Delabaere and
Trinh (J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. {\bf 33} 8771 (2000)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2436 </DOCNO>
New magnetic phase in metallic V_{2-y}O_3 close to the metal insulator


  We have observed two spin density wave (SDW) phases in hole doped metallic
V_{2-y}O_3, one evolves from the other as a function of doping, pressure or
temperature. They differ in their response to an external magnetic field, which
can also induce a transition between them. The phase boundary between these two
states in the temperature-, doping-, and pressure-dependent phase diagram has
been determined by magnetization and magnetotransport measurements. One phase
exists at high doping level and has already been described in the literature.
The second phase is found in a small parameter range close to the boundary to
the antiferromagnetic insulating phase (AFI). The quantum phase transitions
between these states as a function of pressure and doping and the respective
metamagnetic behavior observed in these phases are discussed in the light of
structurally induced changes of the band structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126803 </DOCNO>
Mean-pairwise peculiar velocity in cosmological N-body simulations:


  We report on the detailed analysis of the mean-pairwise peculiar velocity
profile in high-resolution cosmological N-body simulations ($N=8.8\times 10^6$
particles in a sphere of $50 \sim 200$Mpc radius). In particular we examine the
validity and limitations of the stable condition which states that the mean
{\it physical} separation of particle pairs is constant on small scales. We
find a significant time-variation (irregular oscillatory behavior) of the
mean-pairwise peculiar velocity in nonlinear regimes. We argue that this
behavior is not due to any numerical artifact, but a natural consequence of the
continuous merging processes in the hierarchical clustering universe. While
such a time-variation is significant in a relatively local patch of the
universe, the global average over a huge spatial volume $\simgt$(200Mpc)$^3$
does not reveal any {\it systematic} departure from the stable condition. Thus
we conclude that the mean-pairwise peculiar velocity is rather unstable
statistics but still satisfies the stable condition when averaged over the
cosmological volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113711 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic diffraction by a circular cylinder with longitudinal


  A method is presented to investigate diffraction of an electromagnetic plane
wave by an infinitely thin infinitely conducting circular cylinder with
longitudinal slots. It is based on the use of the combined boundary conditions
method that consists on expressing the continuity of the tangential components
of both the electric and the magnetic fields in a single equation. This method
proves to be very efficient for this kind of problems and leads to fast
numerical codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149021 </DOCNO>
Causal Poisson Brackets of the SL(2,R) WZNW Model and its Coset Theories


  From the basic chiral and anti-chiral Poisson bracket algebra of the SL(2,R)
WZNW model, non-equal time Poisson brackets are derived. Through Hamiltonian
reduction we deduce the corresponding brackets for its coset theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 964 </DOCNO>
Chaos and Interactions in Quantum Dots


  Quantum dots are small conducting devices containing up to several thousand
electrons. We focus here on closed dots whose single-electron dynamics are
mostly chaotic. The mesoscopic fluctuations of the conduction properties of
such dots reveal the effects of one-body chaos, quantum coherence and
electron-electron interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96997 </DOCNO>
ad-Nilpotent ideals of a Borel subalgebra II


  We provide an explicit bijection between the ad-nilpotent ideals of a Borel
subalgebra of a simple Lie algebra g and the orbits of \check{Q}/(h+1)\check{Q}
under the Weyl group (\check{Q} being the coroot lattice and h the Coxeter
number of g). From this result we deduce in a uniform way a counting formula
for the ad-nilpotent ideals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 596 </DOCNO>
Peak effect in a superconducting DyBa2Cu3O7-y film at microwave


  We report the observation of a peak in the microwave (9.55 GHz) surface
resistance in an epitaxial DyBa2Cu3O7-y superconducting film in magnetic fields
(parallel to the c axis) ranging between 0.2 to 0.9 Tesla. Such a peak is
absent in the measurements done in zero-field. The temperature and field
dependence of the peak suggests that this peak could be associated with the
peak effect phenomenon reflecting the order-disorder transformation in the
flux-line lattice. A strong dependence of this peak effect at frequencies close
to the depinning frequency of the flux line lattice is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6965 </DOCNO>
Ego-centered networks and the ripple effect


  Recent work has demonstrated that many social networks, and indeed many
networks of other types also, have broad distributions of vertex degree. Here
we show that this has a substantial impact on the shape of ego-centered
networks, i.e., sets of network vertices that are within a given distance of a
specified central vertex, the ego. This in turn affects concepts and methods
based on ego-centered networks, such as snowball sampling and the "ripple
effect". In particular, we argue that one's acquaintances, one's immediate
neighbors in the acquaintance network, are far from being a random sample of
the population, and that this biases the numbers of neighbors two and more
steps away. We demonstrate this concept using data drawn from academic
collaboration networks, for which, as we show, current simple theories for the
typical size of ego-centered networks give numbers that differ greatly from
those measured in reality. We present an improved theoretical model which gives
significantly better results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 105 </DOCNO>
For the Quantum Heisenberg Ferromagnet, Some Conjectured Approximations


  We present some conjectured approximations for spin expectations in a Quantum
Heisenberg system. The conjectures are based on numerical experimentation, some
theoretical insights and underpinning, and aesthetic value. We hope theoretical
developments will follow from these ideas, even leading to a proof of the phase
transition (in three dimensions).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148774 </DOCNO>
Non-orientable string one-loop corrections in the presence of a B field


  We discuss the problem of noncommutative SO(N) gauge field theories from the
string one-loop point of view. To this end we propose an expression for the
string propagator on the boundary of the Moebius strip in the presence of a
constant B field. We discuss in detail the problems related to its derivation.
Then we use it to compute the one-loop corrections to two-, three- and
four-gluon amplitudes in an open string theory with orthogonal Chan-Paton
factors. We show that these corrections in the field theory limit in 4D are
compatible with the one-loop corrections of a renormalizable noncommutative
SO(N) gauge field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5040 </DOCNO>
Diffusive foam wetting process in microgravity


  We report the experimental study of aqueous foam wetting in microgravity. The
liquid fraction $\ell$ along the bubble edges is measured and is found to be a
relevant dynamical parameter during the capillary process. The penetration of
the liquid in the foam, the foam inflation, and the rigidity loss are shown all
to obey strict diffusion processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97181 </DOCNO>
Reflections on symmetric polynomials and arithmetic functions


  In an isomorphic copy of the ring of symmetric polynomials we study some
families of polynomials which are indexed by rational weight vectors. These
families include well known symmetric polynomials, such as the elementary,
homogeneous, and power sum symmetric polynomials. We investigate properties of
these families and focus on constructing their rational roots under a product
induced by convolution. A direct application of the latter is to the
description of the roots of certain multiplicative arithmetic functions (the
core functions) under the convolution product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76023 </DOCNO>
Tau Polarisation and its Correlations as a Signal for Higgs Bosons -


  We show how the tau+ tau- spin correlations can be used to improve the
recognition of the parent boson spin, and hence to identify scalar boson H -->
tau+ tau- events from the vector boson Z\gamma --> tau+ tau- background in high
energy accelerator experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129455 </DOCNO>
General Relativistic Spectra from Accretion Disks around Rapidly


  We compute spectra from accretion disks around rapidly rotating neutron
stars. The full effect of general relativity is considered for the structure
calculation of the stars. We take into account the Doppler shift, gravitational
redshift and light-bending effects in order to compute the observed spectra. To
facilitate direct comparison with observations, a simple empirical function is
presented which describes the numerically computed spectra well. This function
can in principle be used to distinguish between the Newtonian spectra and the
relativistic spectra. We also discuss the possibility of constraining neutron
star's equation of state using our spectral models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76582 </DOCNO>
Probing Dense Matter with Strange Hadrons


  Analysis of hadron production experimental data allows to understand the
properties of the dense matter fireball produced in relativistic heavy ion
collisions. We interpret the analysis results and argue that color deconfined
state has been formed at highest CERN-SPS energies and at BNL-RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3101 </DOCNO>
Anomalous diffusion and the first passage time problem


  We study the distribution of first passage time (FPT) in Levy type of
anomalous diffusion. Using recently formulated fractional Fokker-Planck
equation we obtain three results. (1) We derive an explicit expression for the
FPT distribution in terms of Fox or H-functions when the diffusion has zero
drift. (2) For the nonzero drift case we obtain an analytical expression for
the Laplace transform of the FPT distribution. (3) We express the FPT
distribution in terms of a power series for the case of two absorbing barriers.
The known results for ordinary diffusion (Brownian motion) are obtained as
special cases of our more general results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84006 </DOCNO>
System Integration of High Level Applications during the Commissioning


  The commissioning of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) started in Feb. 2000 with
the Linac, continued in May 2000 with the booster synchrotron and by Dec. 2000
first light in the storage ring were produced. The first four beam lines had to
be operational by August 2001. The thorough integration of all subsystems to
the control system and a high level of automation was prerequisite to meet the
tight time schedule. A careful balanced distribution of functionality into high
level and low level applications allowed an optimization of short development
cycles and high reliability of the applications. High level applications were
implemented as CORBA based client/server applications (tcl/tk and Java based
clients, C++ based servers), IDL applications using EZCA, medm/dm2k screens and
tcl/tk applications using CDEV. Low level applications were mainly built as
EPICS process databases, SNL state machines and customized drivers.
Functionality of the high level application was encapsulated and pushed to
lower levels whenever it has proven to be adequate. That enabled to reduce
machine setups to a handful of physical parameters and allow the usage of
standard EPICS tools for display, archiving and processing of complex physical
values. High reliability and reproducibility were achieved with that approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5107 </DOCNO>
Universal distributions of resonances and delay times at the


  We study the distributions of resonance widths ${\cal P} (\Gamma)$ and delay
times ${\cal P} (\tau)$ for 3D disordered tight-binding systems at the
metal-insulator transition by attaching leads to the boundary sites. Both
quantities are found to be scale-invariant and independent of the microscopic
details of the random potential. Their form is discussed and quantitative
formulas are derived. Our results, obtained by extensive numerical
calculations, are supported by theoretical considerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129125 </DOCNO>
Mass segregation of different populations inside the cluster NGC6101


  We have used ESO telescopes at La Silla and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
in order to obtain accurate B,V,I CCD photometry for the stars located within
200" (~= 2 half-mass radii, r_h = 1.71') from the center of the cluster NGC
6101. Color-Magnitude Diagrams extending from the red-giant tip to about 5
magnitudes below the main-sequence turnoff MSTO (V = 20.05 +- 0.05) have been
constructed.
  The following results have been obtained from the analysis of the CMDs: a)
The overall morphology of the main branches confirms previous results from the
literature, in particular the existence of a sizeable population of 73 "blue
stragglers", which had been already partly detected (27).They are considerably
more concentrated than either the subgiant branch or the main sequence stars,
and have the same spatial distribution as the horizontal branch stars (84%
prob. from K-S test). An hypothesis on the possible BSS progeny is also
presented. b) The HB is narrow and the bulk of stars is blue, as expected for a
typical metal-poor globular cluster. c) The derived magnitudes for the HB and
the MSTO, $V(ZAHB) = 16.59+-0.10, V(TO) = 20.05+-0.05, coupled with the values
E(B-V) = 0.1, [Fe/H] = -1.80, Y = 0.23 yield a distance modulus (m-M)_V = 16.23
and an age similar to other ``old'' metal-poor globular clusters. In
particular, from the comparison with theoretical isochrones, we derive for this
cluster an age of 13 Gyrs. d) By using the large statistical sample of Red
Giant Branch (RGB) stars, we detected with high accuracy the position of the
bump in the RGB luminosity function. This observational feature has been
compared with theoretical prescriptions, yielding a good agreement within the
current theoretical and observational uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86922 </DOCNO>
Probability for Primordial Black Holes in Higher Derivative Theories


  The probability for quantum creation of an inflationary universe with a pair
of black holes in higher derivative theories has been studied. Considering a
gravitational action which includes quadratic ($\alpha R^{2}$) and/or cubic
term ($\beta R^{3}$) in scalar curvature in addition to a cosmological constant
($\Lambda$) in semiclassical approximation with Hartle-Hawking boundary
condition, the probability has been evaluated. The action of the instanton
responsible for creating such a universe, with spatial section with
$S^{1}XS^{2}$ topology, is found to be less than that with a spatial $S^{3}$
topology, unless $\alpha < - \frac{1}{8 \Lambda}$ in $R^{2}$-theory. In the
$R^{3}$ theory, however, there exists a set of solutions without a cosmological
constant when $\beta R^{2} = 1$ and $\alpha = - 3 \sqrt{\beta}$ which admit
primordial black holes (PBH) pair in an inflationary universe scenario. We note
further that when $\beta R^{2} \neq 1$, one gets PBH pairs in the two cases :
(i) with $\alpha$ and $\Lambda$ both positive and (ii) with $\Lambda$ positive
and $\alpha$ negative satisfying a constraint $6 | \alpha | \Lambda > 1$.
However, the relative probability for creation of an inflationary universe with
a pair of black holes in the $R^{3}$-theory suppresses when $\alpha > - 2
\sqrt{\beta} $ or $|\alpha| < 2 \sqrt{\beta} $. However, if the above
constraints are relaxed one derives interesting results leading to a universe
with PBH in $R^{3}$-theory without cosmological constant. PACS No(s). :
04.20.Jb, 04.60.+n, 98.80.Hw

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97577 </DOCNO>
Galois Action on Diameter Four Trees


  The object of this paper is the study of a class of dessins d'enfants, the
so-called diameter four trees. These objects, first introduced by G. Shabat,
can be considered as the simplest non trivial example of etale covers of the
projective line minus three points. Their arithmetic properties are still
mysterious, and their study can inspire the understanding of more general
situations. Here, the main interest is devoted to the action of the absolute
Galois group on these (isomorphism classes of) coverings. In particular, in
many cases, we are able to distinguish Galois orbits and to describe the action
of the decomposition groups. One other central result concerns the study of
wild ramification, for which we show how to reduce to the tame case, and then
deduce some detailed arithmetical informations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126767 </DOCNO>
Wide-Spectrum Slow Magnetoacoustic Waves in Coronal Loops


  A model interpreting variations of EUV brightness upward propagating in solar
coronal loops as slow magnetoacoustic waves is developed. A loop is considered
to have a non-zero plane inclination angle and offset of circular loop centre
from the baseline. The model also incorporates effects of dissipation and
gravitational stratification. A linear evolutionary equation is derived and
applied to investigation of slow wave dynamics. Both the non-zero plane
inclination and the offset decrease the growth of the wave amplitude due to
stratification. It is shown that wide spectrum slow magnetoacoustic waves,
consistent with currently available observations in the low frequency part of
the spectrum, can provide the rate of heat deposition sufficient to heat the
loop. In this scenario, the heat would be deposited near the loop footpoints
which agrees with the current observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174829 </DOCNO>
Flow analysis from cumulants: a practical guide


  We have recently proposed a new method of flow analysis, based on a cumulant
expansion of multiparticle azimuthal correlations. Here, we describe the
practical implementation of the method. The major improvement over traditional
methods is that the cumulant expansion eliminates order by order correlations
not due to flow, which are often large but usually neglected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127038 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Mass and Luminosity Scaling Laws Determined by Weak Gravitational


  We present new measurements of scaling laws relating the luminosity of
galaxies to the amplitude and shape of their dark matter halos. Early imaging
and spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey are used to make weak
lensing measurements of the surface mass density contrast Delta Sigma_+ around
classes of lens objects. This surface mass density contrast as a function of
radius is a measure of the galaxy-mass correlation function (GMCF). Because
spectroscopic redshifts are available for all lens objects, the mass and
distance scales are well constrained. The GMCF measured around ~31,000 lenses
is well fit by a power law of the form
   Delta Sigma_+ = (2.5+0.7-0.6) (R/1 Mpc)^{-0.8+-0.2} h M_sun pc^-2.
  We compare this GMCF to galaxy luminosity, type, and environment, and find
that it varies strongly with all three. We quantify these variations by
comparing the normalization of a fit to the inner 260 h^-1 kpc, M_260, to the
galaxy luminosity. While M_260 is not strongly related to luminosity in bluest
band u', there is a simple, linear relation between M_260 and luminosity in
redder bands (g', r', i', and z'). We test the universality of these
mass-to-light scalings by independently measuring them for spiral and
elliptical galaxies,and for galaxies in a variety of environments. We find
remarkable consistency in these determinations in the red bands, especially i'
and z'. This consistency across a wide range of systems suggests that the
measured scaling represents an excellent cosmic average, and that the
integrated star formation history of galaxies is strongly related to the dark
matter environments in which they form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95928 </DOCNO>
The equivalence between the Hamiltonian and the Lagrangian formulations


  The link between the tratment of singular Lagrangians as field systems and
the canonical Hamiltonian approach is studied. It is shown that the singular
Lagrangians as field systems are always in exact agreement with the canonical
approach for the parametrization invariant theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4475 </DOCNO>
Persistent current and Drude weight in one-dimensional rings with


  Persistent currents and Drude weights are investigated for the tight-binding
approximation to one-dimensional rings threaded by a magnetic flux and with
potential given by some almost-periodic substitution sequences with different
degrees of randomness, and for various potential strengths. The Drude weight D
distinguishes correctly conductors and insulators, in accordance with the
results shown by the currents. In the case of insulators the decay of D(N) for
large ring lengths N provides an estimate for the localization length of the
system. It is shown that the more random the sequence does not imply the
smaller conducting properties. This discrepancy between the hierarchy of
disorder of the sequences and the capacity of conduction of the system is
explained by the gaps in the energy spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150293 </DOCNO>
Comments on Bosonization of the extended Thirring Model with SU(2)


  Bosonization of the extended Thirring model with SU(2) symmetry in the
Minkowski path integral method is discussed. We argue that it is not an easy
task to bosonize such a model if we derive correctly the fermion determinant
which is induced with the decoupling transformation because it seems that there
arise ghost fields. This is contrary to what is shown in a textbook and some
people believe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81172 </DOCNO>
Simulations of Discrete Random Geometries: Simplicial Quantum Gravity


  I investigate two discrete models of random geometries, namely simplicial
quantum gravity and quantum string theory. In four-dimensional simplicial
quantum gravity, I show that the addition of matter gauge fields to the model
is capable of changing its phase structure by replacing the branched polymers
of the pure gravity model with a new phase that has a negative string
susceptibility exponent and a fractal dimension of four. Some of the results
are derived from a strong coupling expansion of the model, a technique which is
used here for the first time in this context. In quantum string theory, I study
a discrete version of the IIB superstring. I show that the divergences
encountered in the discretization of the bosonic string are eliminated in the
supersymmetric case. I give theoretical arguments for the appearance of
one-dimensional structures in the region of large system extents that manifest
as a power-law tail in the link length distribution; this is confirmed by
numerical simulations of the model. I also examine a lower-dimensional version
of the IKKT matrix model, in which a similar effect can be observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84024 </DOCNO>
An Integrated Development Environment for Declarative Multi-Paradigm


  In this paper we present CIDER (Curry Integrated Development EnviRonment), an
analysis and programming environment for the declarative multi-paradigm
language Curry. CIDER is a graphical environment to support the development of
Curry programs by providing integrated tools for the analysis and visualization
of programs. CIDER is completely implemented in Curry using libraries for GUI
programming (based on Tcl/Tk) and meta-programming. An important aspect of our
environment is the possible adaptation of the development environment to other
declarative source languages (e.g., Prolog or Haskell) and the extensibility
w.r.t. new analysis methods. To support the latter feature, the lazy evaluation
strategy of the underlying implementation language Curry becomes quite useful.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76583 </DOCNO>
Measuring Double Parton Distributions in Nucleons at Proton-Nucleus


  We predict a strong enhancement of multijet production in proton-nucleus
collisions at collider energies, as compared to a naive expectation of a cross
section $\propto A$. The study of the process would allow to measure, for the
first time, the double parton distribution functions in a nucleon in a model
independent way and hence to study both the longitudinal and the transverse
correlations of partons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4204 </DOCNO>
Autocorrelation functions in 3D fully frustrated systems


  We present a numerical study of autocorrelation functions of a 3D Fully
Frustrated Ising model (FFIM) simulated by spin-flip Monte Carlo dynamics,
finding simple exponential decay for all the temperature above the critical
temperature T_c for the autocorrelation of squared magnetization, and stretched
exponential decay for the energy autocorrelation below a temperature T^* with
T_c < T^* =< T_p where T_p is the Kasteleyn-Fortuin and Coniglio-Klein
percolation temperature. The results are compared to those on 2D FFIM to give
insight on the relevant mechanism in the onset of stretched exponential
relaxation functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98718 </DOCNO>
An inequality for the h-invariant in instanton Floer theory


  In math.DG/9903083 (henceforth referred to as EA) we defined an integer
invariant $h(Y)$ for oriented integral homology 3-spheres $Y$ which only
depends on the rational homology cobordism class of $Y$ and is additive under
connected sums. In this paper we establish lower bounds for $h(Y)$ when $Y$ is
the boundary of a smooth, compact, oriented 4-manifold with $b_2^+=1$. As
applications, we give an upper bound for how much $h$ changes under -1 surgery
on knots in terms of the slice genus of the knot, and compute $h$ for a family
of Brieskorn spheres.
  This paper contains, in revised form, most of the material from v1 of EA that
was left out in the final version of that paper. In particular, Theorem 1 of
the present paper is virtually the same as Theorem 1 of v1 of EA. The proof is
also essentially the same, but the exposition has been improved, with more
details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75055 </DOCNO>
Dressed Quark Propagator at Finite Temperature in the Schwinger-Dyson


  The Schwinger-Dyson equation for the quark in the rainbow approximation at
finite temperature (T) is solved numerically without introducing any ansatz for
the dressed quark propagator. The dymanical quark mass-function and the
wave-function renormalization are found to have non-trivial dependence on
three-momentum, Matsubara-frequency and temperature. The critical temperature
of the chiral phase transition (T_c) and the T-dependence of the quark
condensate are highly affected by the wave-function renormalization. We found
that T_c \simeq 155 MeV which is consistent with the result of the finite
temperature lattice QCD simulation. It is also found that the system is not a
gas of free quarks but a highly interacting system of quarks and gluons even in
the chirally symmetric phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126574 </DOCNO>
Are some breaks in GRB afterglows caused by their spectra?


  Sharp breaks have been observed in the afterglow light curves of several
GRBs; this is generally explained by the jet model. However, there are still
some uncertainties concerning this interpretation due to the unclear
hydrodynamics of jet sideways expansion. Here we propose an alternative
explanation to these observed breaks. If we assume that the multiwavelength
spectra of GRB afterglows are not made of exact power law segments but their
slope changes smoothly, i.e. $d\beta/d log\nu<0$, where $\beta$ is the spectral
index, we find that this fact can very nicely explain the afterglow light
curves showing breaks. Therefore we suggest that some breaks in the afterglow
light curves may be caused by their curved spectra. The main feature of this
interpretation is that the break time is dependent on the observed frequency,
while the jet model produces achromatic breaks in the light curves. In
addition, it is very important to know the position of the characteristic
frequency $\nu_{c}$ in the multiwavelength spectrum at the time of the break,
since it is a further discriminant between our model and the jet model. We find
that although the optical light curves of seven GRB afterglows can be well
fitted by the model we propose, in fact only one of them (i.e. GRB000926) can
be explained in this framework, since for other ones the characteristic
frequency $\nu_{c}$ is either above the optical after the break or below the
optical before the break.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72812 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment confronts exotic fermions and gauge


  We investigate the status of models containing exotic fermions or extra
Z-like neutral gauge bosons in the light of the recent data on anomalous
magnetic moment of muon. We find that it is possible to extract interesting
bounds on the parameters characterizing such models. The bounds are
particularly strong if the new flavour-changing neutral currents are axial
vectorlike.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 896 </DOCNO>
Decomposition of Heartbeat Time Series: Scaling Analysis of the Sign


  The cardiac interbeat (RR) increment time series can be decomposed into two
sub-sequences: a magnitude series and a sign series. We show that the sign
sequence, a simple binary representation of the original RR series, retains
fundamental scaling properties of the original series, is robust with respect
to outliers, and may provide useful information about neuroautonomic control
mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168761 </DOCNO>
On Bohr's response to the clock-in-the-box thought experiment of


  The recent analysis of De la Torre, Daleo and Garcia-Mata of the reply of
Bohr to the famous clock-in-the-box challenge of Einstein is criticized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81108 </DOCNO>
Light Hadron Spectroscopy with Two Flavors of Dynamical Quarks on the


  We present results of a numerical calculation of lattice QCD with two
degenerate flavors of dynamical quarks, identified with up and down quarks, and
with a strange quark treated in the quenched approximation. The lattice action
and simulation parameters are chosen with a view to carrying out an
extrapolation to the continuum limit as well as chiral extrapolations. Gauge
configurations are generated with a renormalization-group improved gauge action
and a mean field improved clover quark action at three values of $\beta$ and
four sea quark masses. The sizes of lattice are chosen so that the physical
spatial size is kept constant. Hadron masses, light quark masses and meson
decay constants are measured at five valence quark masses. We also carry out
complementary quenched simulations with the same improved actions. The quenched
spectrum from this analysis agrees well in the continuum limit with the one of
our earlier work using the standard action. We find the two-flavor full QCD
meson masses in the continuum limit to be much closer to experimental meson
masses than those from quenched QCD. We take these results as manifestations of
sea quark effects in two-flavor full QCD. For baryon masses full QCD values for
strange baryons are in agreement with experiment, while they differ
increasingly with decreasing strange quark content, resulting in a nucleon mass
higher than experiment. The pattern suggests finite size effects as a possible
origin for this deviation. For light quark masses in the continuum limit we
obtain values which are reduced by about 25% compared to the values in quenched
QCD. We also present results for decay constants where large scaling violations
obstruct a continuum extrapolation. Need for a non-perturbative estimate of
renormalization factors is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 170 </DOCNO>
Formation of an Edge Striped Phase in Fractional Quantum Hall Systems


  We have performed an exact diagonalization study of up to N=12 interacting
electrons on a disk at filling $\nu={1/3}$ for both Coulomb and $V_1$
short-range interaction for which Laughlin wave function is the exact solution.
For Coulomb interaction and $N\geq 10$ we find persistent radial oscillations
in electron density, which are not captured by the Laughlin wave function. Our
results srongly suggest formation of a chiral edge striped phase in quantum
Hall systems. The amplitude of the charge density oscillations decays slowly,
perhaps as a square root of the distance from the edge; thus the spectrum of
edge excitations is likely to be affected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4047 </DOCNO>
Perturbation of infinite networks of resistors


  The resistance between arbitrary nodes of infinite networks of resistors is
studied when the network is perturbed by removing one bond from the perfect
lattice. A connection is made between the resistance and the lattice Green's
function of the perturbed network. Solving Dyson's equation the Green's
function and the resistance of the perturbed lattice are expressed in terms of
those of the perfect lattice. Numerical results are presented for a square
lattice. Our method of the lattice Green's function in studying resistor
networks can also be applied in the field of random walks as well as electrical
and mechanical breakdown phenomena in insulators, thin films and modern
ceramics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73375 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of Radiatively Induced Magnetic Moment Form-Factors of Muon:


  Using an effective lagrangian approach, we identify a class of models in
which the loop-induced magnetic moment form-factors of muon are enhanced by
possibly large factors
(\Lambda^2_F/\Lambda^2)(m_\tau/m_\mu)\ln(m_\tau^2/\Lambda^2) or
(\Lambda^2_F/\Lambda^2)\ln(m_\mu^2/\Lambda^2), where \Lambda is the scale of
new physics and \Lambda_F is the Fermi scale. These follow from left- and
right-chirality mixing dimension-8 operators which for relatively small
\Lambda, as required to explain the new (g_\mu-2) measurement, dominate over
dimension-6 operators. Thus significant enhancement of new physics
contributions to (g_\mu-2) and, in the presence of intergenerational couplings,
also to the \mu\to e\gamma decay rate is possible. We discuss the compatibility
of the (g_\mu-2) and \mu\to e\gamma experimental data in this case and comment
on the enhancement of the electron anomalous magnetic moment. An explicit model
is presented to illustrate the general results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76652 </DOCNO>
A next-to-leading order study of pion-pair production and comparison


  We discuss the production of pion pairs with a large invariant mass in
hadronic collisions. We present a study based on a perturbative QCD calculation
at full next-to-leading order accuracy, implemented in the computer programme
DIPHOX. We provide a comparison of various predictions with the corresponding
observables measured by the E706 fixed target experiment. Discrepancies between
data and next-to-leading order calculation are carefully analysed. We classify
the theoretical next-to-leading order distributions with respect to their
infra-red sensitivity, and explain which distributions need improvements.
Further, we comment on the energy scale dependences of non pertubative effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3983 </DOCNO>
Probing exotic spin correlations by Muon Spin depolarization


  We develop a new method to probe the local spin dynamic autocorrelation
function, using magnetic field dependent muon depolarization measurements. We
apply this method to muSR experiments in the dilute Heisenberg spin glass
AgMn(p at. %) at T>T_g where the correlations of the Mn local magnetic moment
are strongly non-exponential. Our results clearly indicate that the dynamics of
this spin glass cannot be described by a distribution of correlation times.
Therefore, we analyze the data assuming a local spin correlation function which
is the product of a power law times a cutoff function. The concentration and
temperature dependence of the parameters of this function are determined. Our
major conclusion is that in the temperature region close to Tg the correlation
function is dominated by an algebraic relaxation term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168383 </DOCNO>
Comments on the Aharonov-Casher effect


  We study the basic requirements for neutron confinement in the framework of
some 3-D Aharonov-Casher configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73032 </DOCNO>
Connection between Chiral Symmetry Restoration and Deconfinement


  We propose a simple explanation for the connection between chiral symmetry
restoration and deconfinement in QCD at high temperature. In the Higgs
description of the QCD vacuum both spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and
effective gluon masses are generated by the condensate of a color octet
quark-antiquark pair. The transition to the high temperature state proceeds by
the melting of this condensate. Quarks and gluons become (approximately)
massless at the same critical temperature. For instanton-dominated effective
multiquark interactions and three light quarks with equal mass we find a first
order phase transition at a critical temperature around 170 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97602 </DOCNO>
Reflexivity of the isometry group of some classical spaces


  We investigate the reflexivity of the isometry group and the automorphism
group of some important metric linear spaces and algebras. The paper consists
of the following sections: 1. Preliminaries. 2. Sequence spaces. 3. Spaces of
measurable functions. 4. Hardy spaces. 5. Banach algebras of holomorphic
functions. 6. Frechet algebras of holomorphic functions. 7. Spaces of
continuous functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86198 </DOCNO>
Boundary description of Planckian scattering in curved spacetimes


  We show that for an eikonal limit of gravity in a space-time of any dimension
with a non-vanishing cosmological constant, the Einstein -- Hilbert action
reduces to a boundary action. This boundary action describes the interaction of
shock-waves up to the point of evolution at which the forward light-cone of a
collision meets the boundary of the space-time. The conclusions are quite
general and in particular generalize the previous work of E. and H. Verlinde.
The role of the off-diagonal Einstein action in removing the bulk part of the
action is emphasised. We discuss the sense in which our result is a particular
example of holography and also the relation of our solutions in $AdS$ to those
of Horowitz and Itzhaki.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73397 </DOCNO>
Semi-simple group unification in the supersymmetric brane world


  The conventional supersymmetric grand unified theories suffer from two
serious problems, the large mass splitting between doublet and triplet Higgs
multiplets, and the too long lifetime of the proton. A unification model based
on a semi-simple group SU(5)_{GUT} \times U(3)_H has been proposed to solve
both of the problems simultaneously. Although the proposed model is perfectly
consistent with observations, there are various mysteries. In this paper, we
show that such mysterious features in the original model are naturally
explained by embedding the model into the brane world in a higher dimensional
space-time. In particular, the relatively small gauge coupling constant of the
SU(5)_{GUT} at the unification energy scale is a consequence of relatively
large volume of extra dimensions. Here, we put the SU(5)_{GUT} gauge multiplet
in a 6-dimensional bulk and assume all fields in the U(3)_H sector to reside on
a 3-dimensional brane located in the bulk. On the other hand, all chiral
multiplets of quarks, leptons and Higgs are assumed to reside on a 3-brane at a
T^2/Z_4 orbifold fixed point. The quasi-N=2 supersymmetry in the hypercolor
U(3)_H sector is understood as a low-energy remnant of the N=4 supersymmetry in
a 6-dimensional space-time. We further extend the 6-dimensional model to a
10-dimensional theory. Possible frameworks of string theories are also
investigated to accommodate the present brane-world model. We find that the
type IIB string theory with D3-D7 brane structure is an interesting candidate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75440 </DOCNO>
E_6 Unification with Bi-Large Neutrino Mixing


  A scenario of SO(10) grand unified theory (GUT) proposed by one of the
authors is extended to E_6 unification. This gives realistic quark and lepton
mass matrices. In neutrino sector, the model reproduces large mixing angle
(LMA) MSW solution as well as large mixing angle for atmospheric neutrino
anomaly. In this model, right-handed down quark and left-handed lepton of the
first and second generation belong to a single multiplet 27. This causes
natural suppression of flavor changing neutral current(FCNC).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 23 </DOCNO>
Calculation of Magnetic Penetration Depth Length $\lambda(T)$ in High Tc


  The notion of a finite pairing interaction energy range via Nam, results in
the incomplete condensation in which not all states participate in pairings.
Thestates not participating in pairings are shown to yield the lowenergy states
responsible for the linear T dependence ofsuperelectron density at low T in a
s-wave superconductor. Wepresent extensive quantitative calculations of
$\lambda$(T) forall T ranges, in good agreements with experiments. It is
notnecessary to have nodes in the order parameter, to account for thelinear T
dependence of $\lambda$(T) at low T in high Tc superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128915 </DOCNO>
Highly Ionized Absorption in the X-ray Spectrum of Cyg X-1


  Using the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS), we
have found significant absorption features in the X-ray spectrum of Cyg X-1
taken in the continuous clocking mode. These features include resonance lines
of He-like ions of S, Si, and Mg; the Ly alpha lines of H-like S, Si, Mg, and
Ne; and several lower ionization lines of Fe XX, XXII, and XXIV. Preliminary
analysis shows that the lines are resolved in many cases, giving line widths of
order 300 km/s and are redshifted by 460 +/- 10 km/s. These features are
interpreted in the context of an accreting stellar wind model that is ionized
by the X-ray source. In addition, there are clear absorption features due to
neutral Mg, Fe, and O in the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125424 </DOCNO>
On the orbital period of the cataclysmic variable RZ Leonis


  In this research note we present a time-resolved study of the Balmer emission
lines of RZ Leo. From the analysis of the radial velocities we find an orbital
period of 0.07651(26) d. This is in excellent agreement with the
photometrically determined periods in quiescence and during the early stages of
superoutburst. A comparison of the recently determined superhump period gives
an excess of ~0.03, which is a typical value for an SU UMa star of this period.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83590 </DOCNO>
Two-parameter Model of Word Length "Language - Genre"


  A two-parameter model of word length measured by the number of syllables
comprising it is proposed. The first parameter is dependent on language type,
the second one - on text genre and reflects the degree of completion of
synergetic processes of language optimization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113515 </DOCNO>
Novel Mechanism for Single Bubble Sonoluminescence


  Careful re-examination of typical experimental data made it possible to show
that the UV continua observed in multi-bubble (MBSL) and single-bubble (SBSL)
sonoluminescence spectra have the same physical nature - radiative dissociation
of electronically excited hydrogen molecules [and probably hydrides of heavy
rare gases like ArH*] due to spontaneous transitions between bound and
repulsive electronic states. The proposed mechanism is able to explain all
available spectroscopic observations without any exotic hypothesis but in terms
usual for plasma spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86345 </DOCNO>
Robust statistics for deterministic and stochastic gravitational waves


  Gravitational wave detectors will need optimal signal-processing algorithms
to extract weak signals from the detector noise. Most algorithms designed to
date are based on the unrealistic assumption that the detector noise may be
modeled as a stationary Gaussian process. However most experiments exhibit a
non-Gaussian ``tail'' in the probability distribution. This ``excess'' of large
signals can be a troublesome source of false alarms. This article derives an
optimal (in the Neyman-Pearson sense, for weak signals) signal processing
strategy when the detector noise is non-Gaussian and exhibits tail terms. This
strategy is robust, meaning that it is close to optimal for Gaussian noise but
far less sensitive than conventional methods to the excess large events that
form the tail of the distribution. The method is analyzed for two different
signal analysis problems: (i) a known waveform (e.g., a binary inspiral chirp)
and (ii) a stochastic background, which requires a multi-detector signal
processing algorithm. The methods should be easy to implement: they amount to
truncation or clipping of sample values which lie in the outlier part of the
probability distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81069 </DOCNO>
Exact Zero-Modes of the Compact QED Dirac Operator


  We calculate the low-lying eigenmodes of the Neuberger overlap-Dirac operator
for $4d$ compact lattice QED in the quenched approximation. In the strong
coupling phase we find exact zero-modes, quite similar as in non-Abelian
lattice QCD. Subsequently we make an attempt to identify responsible
topological excitations of the U(1) lattice gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113422 </DOCNO>
Special Relativity and Time Travel Revisited


  In this paper, Lorentz Transformation(LT) is derived by an alternate method,
using photon clocks, placed at the locations of the concerned events, which are
initially synchronised using a light signal(Einstein synchrony). Then, it is
shown that the second term in the time dilation equation of the LT, is the term
responsible for time travel and further it is shown that this term arises
merely due to non-simultaneous initial clock synchronisation and that this term
does not correspond to any actual time elapsed while timing events, thus ruling
out the possibility of time travel, from the framework of special relativity.
It is also shown that only the first term in the time dilation equation of LT
represents the true time dilation. In other words, it is argued that the time
dilation equation of the LT, corresponds to the actual reading of the clock
which is not necessarily the actual time elapsed while timing an event, the
difference being attributed to the clock synchronisation mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126524 </DOCNO>
Testing non-Gaussianity in CMB Maps by Morphological Statistic


  I consider the detection of non-Gaussianity in two dimensional CMB maps. Many
methods have been suggested to test the Gaussianity. Measuring the probability
function or/and its moments is perhaps the simplest and numerically most
efficient test. Other tests generally use a great deal of the information
already contained in the probability function. However, the most interesting
result from these tests would be that which is independent of the information
contained in the probability function. This information has purely
morphological character i.e. it depends on the geometry and topology of the
level contours but not on the choice of labeling the contours which affects the
probability function only.I show that a set of morphological functions based on
measurements of Minkowski functionals uses the information that is completely
independent of that used by the probability function.
   I also provide an analytic estimate of the statistical limit for detecting
the quadratic non-Gaussianity $\a_c$ as a function of the map size in the ideal
situation when the scale of the field is resolved. The analytic estimate of
$\a_c$ is in a good agreement with the results of the Monte Carlo simulations
of $256^2$ and $1024^2$ maps. I also illustrate the effect of resolution on the
detection and measuring the quadratic non-Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149517 </DOCNO>
Hamilton-Jacobi Solution to Soliton Paths and Triangular Mass Relation


  D=2,N=2 generalized Wess-Zumino theory is investigated by the dimensional
reduction from D=4,N=1 theory. For each solitonic configuration (i,j) the
classical static solution is solved by the Hamilton-Jacobi method of equivalent
one-dimensional classical mechanics. It is easily shown that the Bogomol'nyi
mass bound is saturated by these solutions and triangular mass inequality
M_{ij}<M_{ik}+M_{kj} is automatically satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41277 </DOCNO>
Kaon physics with a high-intensity proton driver


  We study opportunities for future high-precision experiments in kaon physics
using a high-intensity proton driver, which could be part of the front-end of a
muon storage ring complex. We discuss in particular the rare decays
$K_L\to\pi^0\nu\bar\nu$, $K^+\to\pi^+\nu\bar\nu$, $K_L\to\pi^0e^+e^-$, and
lepton-flavour violating modes such as $K_L\to\mu e$ and $K\to\pi\mu e$. The
outstanding physics potential and long-term interest of these modes is
emphasized. We review status and prospects of current and planned experiments
for the processes under consideration, and indicate possible improvements and
strategies towards achieving the necessary higher sensitivity. Finally, we
outline the machine requirements needed to perform these high-precision kaon
experiments in the context of a muon storage ring facility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2850 </DOCNO>
Bilayer Quantum Hall System as a Macroscopic Qubit


  In the bilayer quantum Hall system, a spontaneously charge imbalance state
appears at the ground energy level. Gap in the collective excitation energy
makes it stable against decoherence in macroscopic level. This state behaves as
a spin 1/2 representation of SU(2) and can be controlled by applying the
interlayer voltage. We suggest this system can be regarded as a macroscopic
realization of a qubit for a quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97872 </DOCNO>
Postcards from the edge, or Snapshots of the theory of generalised


  In 1978, John McKay made an intriguing observation: 196884=196883+1.
Monstrous Moonshine is the collection of questions (and a few answers) inspired
by this observation. Like moonlight itself, Moonshine is an indirect
phenomenon. Just as in the theory of moonlight one must introduce the sun, so
in the theory of Moonshine one should go well beyond the Monster. Much as a
talk discussing moonlight may include a few words on sunsets or comet tails, so
will we see snapshots of the Theory of Generalised Moonshine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3522 </DOCNO>
Hysteretic dynamics of domain walls at finite temperatures


  Theory of domain wall motion in a random medium is extended to the case when
the driving field is below the zero-temperature depinning threshold and the
creep of the domain wall is induced by thermal fluctuations. Subject to an ac
drive, the domain wall starts to move when the driving force exceeds an
effective threshold which is temperature and frequency-dependent. Similarly to
the case of zero-temperature, the hysteresis loop displays three dynamical
phase transitions at increasing ac field amplitude $h_0$. The phase diagram in
the 3-d space of temperature, driving force amplitude and frequency is
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2860 </DOCNO>
Fourier-Space Crystallography as Group Cohomology


  We reformulate Fourier-space crystallography in the language of cohomology of
groups. Once the problem is understood as a classification of linear functions
on the lattice, restricted by a particular group relation, and identified by
gauge transformation, the cohomological description becomes natural. We review
Fourier-space crystallography and group cohomology, quote the fact that
cohomology is dual to homology, and exhibit several results, previously
established for special cases or by intricate calculation, that fall
immediately out of the formalism. In particular, we prove that {\it two phase
functions are gauge equivalent if and only if they agree on all their
gauge-invariant integral linear combinations} and show how to find all these
linear combinations systematically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73304 </DOCNO>
Quadratic Divergences in Kaluza-Klein Theories


  We investigate the so-called ``Kaluza-Klein regularisation'' procedure in
supersymmetric extensions of the standard model with additional compact
dimensions and Scherk-Schwarz mechanism for supersymmetry breaking. This
procedure uses a specific mathematical manipulation to obtain a finite result
for the scalar potential. By performing the full calculation, we show that the
finiteness of this result is not only a consequence of the underlying
supersymmetry, but also the result of an implicit fine-tuning of the
coefficients of the terms that control the ultraviolet behaviour. The
finiteness of the Higgs mass at one-loop level seems therefore to be an
artefact of the regularisation scheme, and quadratic divergences are expected
to reappear in higher orders of perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126735 </DOCNO>
An Overview of the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey


  We present the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey, which has produced over a
thousand galaxy cluster candidates at 0.35 < z < 1.1 (see Gonzalez et al. 2001
for the full catalog). We discuss the technique that enabled us to use short (~
3 min) exposures and a small (1m) telescope to efficiently survey ~ 130 sq.
deg. of sky. Follow-up imaging and spectroscopy using a wide array of
telescopes including the Keck and VLT suggest that the bona-fide cluster
fraction is ~70%. We construct methods to estimate both the redshift and
cluster mass from the survey data themselves and discuss our first result on
large-scale structure, the dependence of the cluster correlation length with
mean cluster separation at z ~ 0.5 (Gonzalez, Zaritsky, & Wechsler 2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41759 </DOCNO>
Present status of IGEX dark matter search at Canfranc Underground


  One IGEX 76Ge double-beta decay detector is currently operating in the
Canfranc Underground Laboratory in a search for dark matter WIMPs, through the
Ge nuclear recoil produced by the WIMP elastic scattering. A new exclusion plot
has been derived for WIMP-nucleon spin-independent interactions. To obtain this
result, 40 days of data from the IGEX detector (energy threshold 4 keV),
recently collected, have been analyzed. These data improve the exclusion limits
derived from all the other ionization germanium detectors in the mass region
from 20 GeV to 200 GeV, where a WIMP supposedly responsible for the annual
modulation effect reported by the DAMA experiment would be located. The new
IGEX exclusion contour enters, by the first time, the DAMA region by using only
raw data, with no background discrimination, and excludes its upper left part.
It is also shown that with a moderate improvement of the detector performances,
the DAMA region could be fully explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41398 </DOCNO>
A study of B^+/- --> J/psi pi^+/- and B^+/- --> J/psi K^+/- decays:


  We have studied the B^+/- --> J/psi pi^+/- and B^+/- --> J/psi K^+/- decays
using a 20.7 fb-1 data set collected with the BABAR detector. We observe a
signal of 51+/-10 B^+/- --> J/psi pi^+/- events and determine the ratio
BF(B^+/- --> J/psi pi^+/-)/BF(B^+/- --> J/psi K^+/-) to be [3.91 +/- 0.78
(stat.) +/- 0.19 (syst.)]%. The CP-violating charge asymmetries for the B^+/-
--> J/psi pi^+/- and B^+/- --> J/psi K^+/- decays are determined to be A_pi =
0.01 +/- 0.22 (stat.) +/- 0.01 (syst.) and A_K = 0.003 +/- 0.030 (stat.) +/-
0.004 (syst.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5085 </DOCNO>
Electrical and Thermal Transport by Nodal Quasiparticles in the DDW


  We compute the electrical and thermal conductivities and Hall conductivities
of the $d$-density wave (DDW) state in the low-temperature
impurity-scattering-dominated regime for low-dopings, at which they are
dominated by nodal quasiparticles. We show that the longitudinal conductivity
in this limit in the DDW state is not Drude-like. However, the thermal
conductivty is Drude-like; this is a reflection of the discrepancy between
electrical and thermal transport at finite frequency in the DDW state. An
extreme example of this occurs in the $\mu=0$, $\tau\to\infty$ limit, where
there is a strong violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law:
${\kappa_{xx}}/{\sigma_{xx}} \propto {T^2}$ at $\omega=0$ and
${\kappa_{xx}}/{\sigma_{xx}}=0$ at finite frequency. The DDW electrical and
thermal Hall conductivities are linear in the magnetic field, $B$, for weak
fields. The formation of Landau levels at the nodes leads to the quantization
of these Hall conductivities at high fields. In all of these ways, the
quasiparticles of the DDW state differ from those of the $d_{{x^2}-{y^2}}$
superconducting (DSC) state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97382 </DOCNO>
A stronger form of the theorem constructing a rigid binary relation on


  On every set A there is a rigid binary relation i.e. such a relation R
\subseteq A \times A that there is no homomorphism (A,R) \rightarrow (A,R)
except the identity (Vop{\v{e}}nka et al. [1965]). We prove that for each
infinite cardinal number \kappa if card A \leq 2^\kappa, then there exists a
relation R \subseteq A \times A with the following property:
  \forall (x \in A) \exists ({x} \subseteq A(x) \subseteq A, card A(x) \leq
\kappa) \forall (f: A(x) \rightarrow A, f \neq id_A(x))
  f is not a homomorphism of R.
  The above property implies that R is rigid. If a relation R \subseteq A
\times A has the above property, then card A \leq 2^\kappa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2170 </DOCNO>
Newton's law for Bloch electrons, Klein factors and deviations from


  The acceleration theorem for Bloch electrons in a homogenous external field
is usually presented using quasiclassical arguments. In quantum mechanical
versions the Heisenberg equations of motion for an operator $\hat {\vec k}(t)$
are presented mostly without properly defining this operator. This leads to the
surprising fact that the generally accepted version of the theorem is incorrect
for the most natural definition of $\hat {\vec k}$. This operator is shown not
to obey canonical commutation relations with the position operator. A similar
result is shown for the phase operators defined via the Klein factors which
take care of the change of particle number in the bosonization of the field
operator in the description of interacting fermions in one dimension. The phase
operators are also shown not to obey canonical commutation relations with the
corresponding particle number operators. Implications of this fact are
discussed for Tomonaga-Luttinger type models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148632 </DOCNO>
Quantization of spinning particle in arbitrary background


  The article is a natural continuation of the papers by Gavrilov and Gitman
(Class.Quant.Grav. {\bf 17} (2000) L133; Int. J. Mod. Phys. A15 (2000) 4499)
devoted to relativistic particle quantization. Here we generalize the problem,
considering the quantization of a spinning particle in arbitrary gravitational
background. The nontriviality of such a generalization is related to the
neccessity of solving complicated ordering problems. Similar to the flat
space-time case, we show in the course of the canonical quantization how a
consistent relativistic quantum mechanics of spinning particle in gravitational
and electromagnetic backgrounds can be constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5527 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical analysis of the lowest-order multipole deformations of


  We use a perturbative semiclassical trace formula to calculate the three
lowest-order multipole (quadrupole $\eps_2$, octupole $\eps_3$, and
hexadecapole $\eps_4$) deformations of simple metal clusters with $90 \le N \le
550$ atoms in their ground states. The self-consistent mean field of the
valence electrons is modeled by an axially deformed cavity and the oscillating
part of the total energy is calculated semiclassically using the shortest
periodic orbits. The average energy is obtained from a liquid-drop model
adjusted to the empirical bulk and surface properties of the sodium metal. We
obtain good qualitative agreement with the results of quantum-mechanical
calculations using Strutinsky's shell-correction method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123572 </DOCNO>
Candidate tidal dwarf galaxies associated with the Stephan's Quintet


  We present kinematic and photometric evidence for the presence of seven
candidate tidal dwarf galaxies in Stephan's quintet. The central regions of the
two most probable parent galaxies, N7319 and N7318B, contain little or no gas
whereas the intragroup medium, and particularly the optical tails that seem to
be associated with N7318B are rich in cold and ionized gas.
  Two tidal-dwarf candidates may be located at the edge of a tidal tail, one
within a tail and for four others there is no obvious stellar/gaseous bridge
between them and the parent galaxy. Two of the candidates are associated with
HI clouds, one of which is, in addition, associated with a CO cloud. All seven
regions have low continuum fluxes and high H$\alpha$ luminosity densities
(F(H$\alpha$) = 1 -- 60 $\times$ 10$^{-14}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$). Their
magnitudes (M$_B =$ --16.1 to --12.6), sizes ($\sim$ 3.5 h$_{75}^{-1}$ kpc),
colors (typically $B-R = 0.7$) and gas velocity gradients ($\sim$ 8 -- 26
h$_{75}$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$) are typical for tidal dwarf galaxies. In
addition the ratios between their star formation rates determined from
H$\alpha$ and from the B band luminosity are typical of other tidal dwarf
galaxies. The masses of the tidal dwarf galaxies in Stephan's quintet range
from $\sim$ 2 $\times$ 10$^8$ to 10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$ and the median value for
their inferred mass-to-light ratios is 7 M$_\odot$/L$_\odot$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128951 </DOCNO>
Annual Modulation in the Variability Properties of the IDV-Source


  There is new evidence which identifies seasonal changes of the variability
time scale in intraday variable sources with refractive interstellar
scintillation effects. Such a RISS-model takes the annual change of the Earth
velocity relative to the scattering medium into account. In September 1998 we
found a remarkable prolongation of the variability time scale in the IDV-source
0917+624 with only small variations in flux density during a period of 5 days.
This was explained as a seasonal effect, in which the velocity vector of the
Earth and the interstellar medium nearly canceled. In order to further
investigate the applicability of the model for 0917+624, we performed an
Effelsberg 6cm-flux monitoring program over the course of one year. Since
September 2000, the source appears to be remarkably inactive and yet (May
2001), no return to its normal, faster and stronger variability pattern is
observed. Here, our observational results and a possible explanation for the
current quiescence are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168060 </DOCNO>
Generalizations of Kijowski's time-of-arrival distribution for


  Several proposals for a time-of-arrival distribution of ensembles of
independent quantum particles subject to an external interaction potential are
compared making use of the ``crossing state'' concept. It is shown that only
one of them has the properties expected for a classical distribution in the
classical limit. The comparison is illustrated numerically with a collision of
a Gaussian wave packet with an opaque square barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149878 </DOCNO>
The "Bootstrap Program" for Integrable Quantum Field Theories in 1+1 Dim


  The purpose of the "bootstrap program" is to construct integrable quantum
field theories in 1+1 dimensions in terms of their Wightman functions
explicitly. As an input the integrability and general assumptions of local
quantum field theories are used. The object is to be achieved in tree steps: 1)
The S-matrix is obtained using a qualitative knowledge of the particle spectrum
and the Yang-Baxter equations. 2) Matrix elements of local operators are
calculated by means of the "form factor program" using the S-matrix as an
input. 3) The Wightman functions are calculated by taking sums over
intermediate states. The first step has been performed for a large number of
models and also the second one for several models. The third step is unsolved
up to now. Here the program is illustrated in terms of the sine-Gordon model
alias the massive Thirring model. Exploiting the "off-shell" Bethe Ansatz we
propose general formulae for form factors. For example the n-particle matrix
element for all higher currents are given and in particular all eigenvalues of
the higher conserved charges are calculated. Furthermore quantum operator
equations are obtained in terms of their matrix elements, in particular the
quantum sine-Gordon field equation. Exact expressions for the finite wave
function and mass renormalization constants are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 197 </DOCNO>
A new mechanism for granular segregation


  A novel process is described that produces horizontal size segregation in a
vertically vibrated layer of granular material. The behavior is a consequence
of two distinct phenomena that are unique to excited granular media: vibration
which causes the larger particles to rise to the top of the layer, and a
vibrating base with a sawtooth surface profile which can produce stratified
flows in opposite directions at different heights within the layer. The result
of combining these effects is that large and small particles are horizontally
driven in opposite directions. The observations reported here are based on
computer simulations of granular models in two and three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74942 </DOCNO>
Responses of hadrons to chemical potential at finite temperature


  We present a framework to compute the responses of hadron masses to the
chemical potential in lattice QCD simulations. As a first trial, the screening
mass of the pseudoscalar meson and its first and second responses are
evaluated. We present results on a $16\times 8^2\times 4$ lattice with two
flavors of staggered quarks below and above $T_c$. The responses to both the
isoscalar and isovector chemical potentials are obtained. They show different
behavior in the low and the high temperature phases, which may be explained as
a consequence of chiral symmetry breaking and restoration, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179192 </DOCNO>
The sigma meson and chiral restoration in nuclear medium


  After giving brief discussions on the chiral condensate in hot and/or dense
hadronic matter and the significance of the $\sigma$ meson in QCD, we discuss
the importance of experiments using nuclear targets including ones with
electro-magnetic probes for obtaining clearer confirmation of the existence of
the $\sigma$ meson and for exploring the possible restoration of chiral
symmetry in nuclear medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1356 </DOCNO>
A single-mode quantum transport in serial-structure geometric scatterers


  We study transport in quantum systems consisting of a finite array of N
identical single-channel scatterers. A general expression of the S matrix in
terms of the individual-element data obtained recently for potential scattering
is rederived in this wider context. It shows in particular how the band
spectrum of the infinite periodic system arises in the limit $N\to\infty$. We
illustrate the result on two kinds of examples. The first are serial graphs
obtained by chaining loops or T-junctions. A detailed discussion is presented
for a finite-periodic "comb"; we show how the resonance poles can be computed
within the Krein formula approach. Another example concerns geometric
scatterers where the individual element consists of a surface with a pair of
leads; we show that apart of the resonances coming from the decoupled-surface
eigenvalues such scatterers exhibit the high-energy behavior typical for the
delta' interaction for the physically interesting couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127541 </DOCNO>
Mutual Constraints Between Reionization Models and Parameter Extraction


  Spectroscopic studies of high-redshift objects and increasingly precise data
on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are beginning to independently place
strong complementary bounds on the epoch of hydrogen reionization. Parameter
estimation from current CMB data continues, however, to be subject to several
degeneracies. Here, we focus on those degeneracies in CMB parameter forecasts
related to the optical depth to reionization. We extend earlier work on the
mutual constraints that such analyses of CMB data and a reionization model may
place on each other to a more general parameter set, and to the case of data
anticipated from the $MAP$ satellite. We focus in particular on a semi-analytic
model of reionization by the first stars, although the methods here are easily
extended to other reionization scenarios. A reionization model can provide
useful complementary information for cosmological parameter (CP) extraction
from the CMB, particularly for the degeneracies between the optical depth and
either of the amplitude and index of the primordial scalar power spectrum,
which are still present in the most recent data. Alternatively, by using a
reionization model, known limits on astrophysical quantities can reduce the
forecasted errors on CPs. Forthcoming CMB data also have the potential to
constrain the sites of early star formation, as well as the fraction of baryons
that participate in it. Finally, we examine the implications of an independent,
e.g., spectroscopic, determination of the epoch of reionization for the
determination of CPs from the CMB. This has the potential to significantly
strengthen limits from the CMB on parameters such as the index of the power
spectrum, while having the considerable advantage of being free of the choice
of the reionization model (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7099 </DOCNO>
The longitudinal spin relaxation of 2D electrons in Si/SiGe quantum


  The longitudinal spin relaxation time, T1, in a Si/SiGe quantum well is
determined from the saturation of the ESR signal. We find values of a few
microseconds. Investigations of T1 as a function of Fermi energy, concentration
of scattering centers and of the momentum scattering time lead to the
conclusion that for high electron mobility the spin relaxation is ruled by the
Dyakonov-Perel (DP) mechanism while for low mobility the Elliott-Yaffet
mechanism dominates. The DP relaxation is caused by Bychkov-Rashba coupling.
Evaluation of the DP mechanism shows that 1/T1 for high electron mobility can
be effectively reduced by an external magnetic field. The effect of the
degenerate Fermi-Dirac statistics on the DP process is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7212 </DOCNO>
Optical functions and electronic structure of CuInSe2, CuGaSe2, CuInS2,


  We report on the complex dielectric tensor components of four chalcopyrite
semiconductors in the optical energy range (1.4-5.2 eV, from 0.9 eV for
CuInSe2) determined at room temperature by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Our
results were obtained on single crystals of CuInSe2, CuGaSe2, CuInS2, and
CuGaS2. Values of refractive indices n, extinction coefficients k and
normal-incidence reflectivity R in the two different polarizations are given
and compared with earlier data where available. We analyze in detail the
structures of the dielectric function observed in the studied energy region.
Critical-point parameters of electronic transitions are obtained from fitting
of numerically calculated second-derivative spectra. Experimental energies and
polarizations are discussed on the basis of published band structure
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129028 </DOCNO>
Diquark Properties and the TOV Equations


  We present various results from including diquark properties and the gap
equations into the TOV equations for compact quark objects. One such property
is the diquark form factor, which has a strong influence on various quantities.
We discuss the consequences for quark stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5898 </DOCNO>
Vortex pinning in high-Tc materials via randomly oriented columnar


  Extensive work has shown that irradiation with 0.8 GeV protons can produce
randomly oriented columnar defects (CD's) in a large number of HTS materials,
specifically those cuprates containing Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, and similar heavy
elements. Absorbing the incident proton causes the nucleus of these species to
fission, and the recoiling fission fragments create amorphous tracks, i.e.,
CD's. The superconductive transition temperature Tc decreases linearly with
proton fluence and we analyze how the rate depends on the family of
superconductors. In a study of Tl-2212 materials, adding defects decreases the
equilibrium magnetization Meq(H) significantly in magnitude and changes its
field dependence; this result is modeled in terms of vortex pinning. Analysis
of the irreversible magnetization and its time dependence shows marked
increases in the persistent current density and effective pinning energy, and
leads to an estimate for the elementary attempt time for vortex hopping, tau ~
4x10^(-9) s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75361 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of charmed vector mesons, $\gamma+N\to {\cal B}_c


  The energy and the angular dependence of the associative vector charmed
${D^*}$-meson photoproduction, $\gamma+N\to {\cal B}_c+ \overline{D^*}$, with
${\cal B}_c=\Lambda_c$ or $\Sigma_c$, has been predicted in framework of
pseudoscalar D-meson exchange model. The behavior of the cross section is
driven by phenomenological form factors, which can be parametrized in terms of
two independent parameters. The predicted values of the cross section are
sizeable enough to be measured in the near threshold region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98121 </DOCNO>
Polynomilal Poisson algebras with regular structure of symplectic leaves


  We study polynomial Poisson algebras with some regularity conditions. Linear
(Lie-Berezin-Kirillov) structures on dual spaces of semi-simple Lie algebras,
quadratic Sklyanin elliptic algebras of \cite{FO1},\cite{FO2} as well as
polynomial algebras recently described by Bondal-Dubrovin-Ugaglia
(\cite{Bondal},\cite{Ug}) belong to this class. We establish some simple
determinantal relations between the brackets and Casimirs in this algebras.
These relations imply in particular that for Sklyanin elliptic algebras the sum
of Casimir degrees coincides with the dimension of the algebra. We are
discussing some interesting examples of these algebras and in particular we
show that some of them arise naturally in Hamiltonian integrable systems. Among
these examples is a new class of two-body integrable systems admitting an
elliptic dependence both on coordinates and momenta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113590 </DOCNO>
Military use of depleted uranium: assessment of prolonged population


  This work is an exposure assessment for a population living in an area
contaminated by use of depleted uranium (DU) weapons. RESRAD 5.91 code is used
to evaluate the average effective dose delivered from 1, 10, 20 cm depths of
contaminated soil, in a residential farmer scenario. Critical pathway and group
are identified in soil inhalation or ingestion and children playing with the
soil, respectively. From available information on DU released on targeted
sites, both critical and average exposure can leave to toxicological hazards;
annual dose limit for population can be exceeded on short-term period (years)
for soil inhalation. As a consequence, in targeted sites cleaning up must be
planned on the basis of measured concentration, when available, while special
cautions have to be adopted altogether to reduce unaware exposures, taking into
account the amount of the avertable dose.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128942 </DOCNO>
HD 209458: Physical Parameters of the Parent Star and the Transiting


  The Sun-like star HD209458 harbors a close-in giant planet which transits
across the star's disk, and thus allows an unprecedented access to the basic
parameters of the planet, given a certain knowledge of the basic parameters of
the star, namely its mass and radius. We present theoretical stellar evolution
model calculations for HD 209458 and discuss the uncertainties involved in
deriving the stellar mass and radius. We derive the mass, M=1.06 Msun, radius,
R=1.18 Rsun,and age, t=5.2 Gyr of the star with uncertainties of 10% or more.
The dominant sources of uncertainty remain to be the helium abundance estimate
and the treatment of convection, even after an optimistic estimate for the
effective temperature of the star. However, we find that in deriving the radius
of the planet, R_p, the relevant stellar model input is the M/R relation, which
runs orthogonal to a degeneracy in the transit light curve solution and greatly
improves the estimate of R_p. Theoretically the M/R relation has a lower
uncertainty than the M and R separately. We estimate the planet radius and mass
to be R_p =1.42 +0.10/-0.13 R_J and M_p =0.69 +/- 0.02 M_J.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149929 </DOCNO>
Coupling Nonlinear Sigma-Models to Relaxed Yang- Mills Supermultiplets


  Following a previous work on Abelian (2,0)-gauge theories, one reassesses
here the task of coupling (2,0) relaxed Yang-Mills superpotentials to a (2,0)-
nonlinear $\sigma$-model, by gauging the isotropy or the isometry group of the
latter. One pays special attention to the extra ``chiral-like'' component-field
gauge potential that comes out from the relaxation of superspace constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 436 </DOCNO>
Direct Transition Between a Singlet Mott Insulator and a Superconductor


  We argue that a normal Fermi liquid and a singlet, spin gapped Mott insulator
cannot be continuously connected, and that some intermediate phase must intrude
between them. By explicitly working out a case study where the singlet
insulator is stabilized by orbital degeneracy and an inverted Hund's rule
coupling, mimicking a Jahn-Teller effect, we find that the intermediate phase
is a superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81448 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Bottomonium Spectrum from Anisotropic Lattices


  We report on a first relativistic calculation of the quenched bottomonium
spectrum from anisotropic lattices. Using a very fine discretisation in the
temporal direction we were able to go beyond the non-relativistic approximation
and perform a continuum extrapolation of our results from five different
lattice spacings (0.04-0.17 fm) and two anisotropies (4 and 5). We investigate
several systematic errors within the quenched approximation and compare our
results with those from non-relativistic simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98688 </DOCNO>
Spin in the q-Deformed Poincare Algebra


  We investigate spin as algebraic structure within the q-deformed Poincare
algebra, proceeding in the same manner as in the undeformed case. The
q-Pauli-Lubanski vector, the q-spin Casimir, and the q-little algebras for the
massless and the massive case are constructed explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128035 </DOCNO>
Spectral analysis of water vapour in cool stars


  M star spectra, at wavelengths beyond 1.35 $\mu$m, are dominated by water
vapour yet terrestrial water vapour makes it notoriously difficult to make
accurate measurement from ground-based observations. We have used the short
wavelength spectrometer on the Infrared Space Observatory at four wavelength
settings to cover the 2.5--3.0 $\mu$m region for a range of M stars. The
observations show a good match with previous ground-based observations and with
synthetic spectra based on the Partridge & Schwenke (1997) line list though not
with the SCAN (Jorgensen et al. 2001) line list. We used a least-squared
minimisation technique to systematically find best fit parameters for the
sample of stars. The temperatures that we find indicate a relatively hot
temperature scale for M dwarfs. We consider that this could be a consequence of
problems with the Partridge & Schwenke linelist which leads to synthetic
spectra predicting water bands which are too strong for a given temperature.
Such problems need to be solved in the next generation of water vapour line
lists which will extend the calculation of water vapour to higher energy levels
with the good convergence necessary for reliable modelling of hot water vapour.
Then water bands can assume their natural role as the primary tool for the
spectroscopic analysis of M stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75391 </DOCNO>
Non-linear evolution and high energy diffractive production


  The ratio of the diffractive production to the total cross section in DIS is
computed as a function of the produced mass. The analysis is based on the
solution to the non-linear evolution equation for the diffraction dissociation
in DIS.
  The obtained ratios almost do not depend on the central mass energy in
agreement with the HERA experimental data. This independence is argued to be a
consequence of the scaling phenomena displayed by the cross sections.
  As a weakness point a significant discrepancy between the data and the
obtained results is found in the absolute values of the ratios. Several
explanatory reasons are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168440 </DOCNO>
Of Some Theoretical Significance: Implications of Casimir Effects


  In his autobiography Casimir barely mentioned the Casimir effect, but
remarked that it is "of some theortical significance." We will describe some
aspects of Casimir effects that appear to be of particular significance now,
more than half a century after Casimir's famous paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83977 </DOCNO>
The Existence of $\omega$-Chains for Transitive Mixed Linear Relations


  In this paper, we show that it is decidable whether a transitive mixed linear
relation has an $\omega$-chain. Using this result, we study a number of
liveness verification problems for generalized timed automata within a unified
framework. More precisely, we prove that (1) the mixed linear infinitely often
problem for a timed automaton with dense clocks, reversal-bounded counters, and
a free counter is decidable, and (2) the Presburger infinitely often problem
for a timed automaton with discrete clocks, reversal-bounded counters, and a
pushdown stack is decidable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148718 </DOCNO>
Holography of charges in gauge theories


  In this short review we compare the rigid Noether charges to topological
gauge charges. One important extension is that one should consider each
boundary component of spacetime independently. The argument that relates bulk
charges to surface terms can be adapted to the perfect fluid situation where
one can recognise the helicity and enstrophies as Noether charges. More
generally a forcing procedure that increases for instance any Noether charge is
demonstrated. In the gauge theory situation, the key idea can be summarized by
one sentence: ``go to infinity and stay there''. A new variational formulation
of Einstein's gravity is given that allows for local GL(D,R) invariance. The a
priori indeterminacy of the Noether charges is emphasized and a covariant
ansatz due to S. Silva for the surface charges of gauge theories is analysed,
it replaces the (non-covariant) Regge-Teitelboim procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113433 </DOCNO>
Analytic Formula for Weak Multi-Bunch Beam Break-Up in a Linac


  In designing linear accelerator structures for multi-bunch applications we
are often interested in estimating the effect of relatively weak multi-bunch
beam break-up (BBU), due to the somewhat complicated wakefields of detuned
structures. This, for example, is the case for the injector linacs of the
JLC/NLC linear collider project. Deriving an analytical formula for such a
problem is the subject of this report.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168126 </DOCNO>
A Superdecay of an excited atom placed near ''Left-Handed'' sphere


  The influence of a microsphere having a simultaneously negative permittivity
and permeability (Left-Handed Sphere) on the decay rate of the allowed and
forbidden transitions is considered. It is found, that in contrast to usual
(Right-Handed) materials it is possible to increase the decay rate by several
orders of magnitude even in the case of a sphere of small radii. This
enhancement is due to the fact that there exist a new type of resonance modes
(LH surface modes). The analytical expressions for resonance frequencies and
associated quality factors of the new modes are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168397 </DOCNO>
Rigid rotor in phase space


  Angular momentum is important concept in physics, and its phase space
properties are important in various applications. In this work phase space
analysis of the angular momentum is made from its classical definition, and by
imposing uncertainty principle its quantum properties are obtained. It is shown
that kinetic energy operator is derived, but it has different interpretation of
its parts than in the standard treatment. Rigid rotor is discussed and it is
shown what is its phase space representation. True rigid rotor is defined and
also its phase space properties are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179075 </DOCNO>
Chiral unitary theory: application to nuclear problems


  In this talk we briefly describe some basic elements of chiral perturbation
theory, $\chi PT$, and how the implementation of unitarity and other novel
elements lead to a better expansion of the $T$ matrix for meson meson and meson
baryon interactions. Applications are then done to the $ \pi \pi $ interaction
in nuclear matter in the scalar and vector channels, antikaons in nuclei and
$K^-$ atoms, and how the $\phi$ meson properties are changed in a nuclear
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6093 </DOCNO>
Magneto-optics of organic crystalline field effect transistors


  Organic molecular FETs provide an experimental framework for studying the
band-filling dependent properties of two-dimensional metals. Here, we propose
experiments to investigate the band-filling dependent cyclotron resonance, and
the effect of van Hove singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124687 </DOCNO>
The Ultra-luminous M81 X-9 source: 20 years variability and spectral


  The source X-9 was discovered with the {\it Einstein Observatory} in the
field of M81, and is located in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg IX. X-9 has a 0.2-4.0
keV luminosity of $\sim 5.5\times 10^{39}$ ergs~s$^{-1}$, if it is at the same
distance as Holmberg IX (3.4 Mpc). This luminosity is above the Eddington
luminosity of a 1~$M_{\odot}$ compact accreting object. Past hypotheses on the
nature of this Super-Eddington source included a SNR or supershell, an
accreting compact object and a background QSO. To shed light on the nature of
this source, we have obtained and analyzed archival data, including the {\it
Einstein} data, 23 ROSAT observations, Beppo-SAX and ASCA pointings. Our
analysis reveals that most of the emission of X-9 arises from a point-like
highly-variable source, and that lower luminosity extended emission may be
associated with it. The spectrum of this source changes between low and high
intensity states, in a way reminiscent of the spectra of galactic Black Hole
candidates. Our result strongly suggest that X-9 is not a background QSO, but a
bonafide `Super-Eddington' source in Ho IX, a dwarf companion of M81.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4517 </DOCNO>
Master equation approach to configurational kinetics of non-equilibrium


  We review a series of works where the fundamental master equation is used to
develop a microscopical description of evolution of non-equilibrium atomic
distributions in alloys. We describe exact equations for temporal evolution of
local concentrations and their correlators as well as approximate methods to
treat these equations, such as the kinetic mean-field and the kinetic cluster
methods. We also describe an application of these methods to studies of
kinetics of L1_0 type orderings in FCC alloys which reveal a number of peculiar
microstructural effects, many of them agreeing well with experimental
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7507 </DOCNO>
The Equation of State and the Hugoniot of Laser Shock-Compressed


  The equation of state and the shock Hugoniot of deuterium are calculated
using a first-principles approach, for the conditions of the recent shock
experiments. We use density functional theory within a classical mapping of the
quantum fluids [ Phys. Rev. Letters, {\bf 84}, 959 (2000) ]. The calculated
Hugoniot is close to the Path-Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) result. We also
consider the {\it quasi-equilibrium} two-temperature case where the Deuterons
are hotter than the electrons; the resulting quasi-equilibrium Hugoniot mimics
the laser-shock data. The increased compressibility arises from hot $D^+-e$
pairs occuring close to the zero of the electron chemical potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75667 </DOCNO>
The Eightfold Way


  An elementary description of the Eightfold Way for the non-specialist is
presented. This article, for publication in {\it Macmillan Encylopedia of
Physics, Supplement: Elementary Particle Physics}, is being submitted to the
Archive for comments by colleagues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98017 </DOCNO>
Global $\bar\partial_{\bold M}$-homotopy with $C^k$ estimates for a


  Let ${\bold M}_0$ be a compact, regular q-pseudoconcave compact CR
submanifold of a complex manifold ${\bold G}$ and ${\cal B}$ - a holomorphic
vector bundle on ${\bold G}$ such that $\dim H^r({\bold M}_0, {\cal
B}\big|_{\bold M})=0$ for some fixed $r<q$. We prove a global homotopy formula
with $C^k$ estimates for $r$-cohomology of ${\cal B}$ on arbitrary CR
submanifold ${\bold M}$ close enough to ${\bold M}_0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74505 </DOCNO>
Implications of New CMB Data for Neutralino Dark Matter


  The combination of new cosmic microwave background data with cosmological
priors has determined the physical cold dark matter (cdm) density to be
$\Omega_{\rm cdm} h^2 = 0.13\pm0.01$. We find the corresponding regions of
parameters in the minimal supergravity model for which the lightest neutralino
is the cdm particle. We then compare with the muon anomalous magnetic moment
($a_\mu$) measurement, the mass of the lighter CP-even Higgs boson ($h^0$), the
trilepton search at the upgraded Fermilab Tevatron collider, and a direct
search for relic neutralinos. The intersection of $\Omega_{\rm cdm} h^2$ and
$a_\mu$ constraints selects $\tan\beta\approx 40-45$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7572 </DOCNO>
Universality class of criticality in the restricted primitive model


  The 1:1 equisized hard-sphere electrolyte or restricted primitive model has
been simulated via grand-canonical fine-discretization Monte Carlo. Newly
devised unbiased finite-size extrapolation methods using temperature-density,
(T, rho), loci of inflections, Q = <m^2>^2/<m^4> maxima, canonical and C_V
criticality, yield estimates of (T_c, rho_c) to +- (0.04, 3)%. Extrapolated
exponents and Q-ratio are (gamma, nu, Q_c) = [1.24(3), 0.63(3); 0.624(2)] which
support Ising (n = 1) behavior with (1.23_9, 0.630_3; 0.623_6), but exclude
classical, XY (n = 2), SAW (n = 0), and n = 1 criticality with potentials
phi(r)>Phi/r^{4.9} when r \to \infty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95449 </DOCNO>
A short course on Witten Helffer-Sj\"ostrand theory


  Witten-Helffer-Sj\"ostrand theory is an addition to Morse theory and Hodge-de
Rham theory for Riemannian manifolds and considerably improves on them by
injecting some spectral theory of elliptic operators. It can serve as a general
tool to prove results about comparison of numerical invariants associated to
compact manifolds analytically, i.e. by using a Riemannian metric, or
combinatorially, i.e. by using a triangulation. It can be also refined to
provide an alternative presentation of Novikov Morse theory and improve on it
in many respects. In particular it can be used in symplectic topology and in
dynamics. This material represents my Notes for a three lectures course given
at the Goettingen summer school on groups and geometry, June 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72906 </DOCNO>
Solar neutrino event spectra: Tuning SNO to equalize Super-Kamiokande


  The Super-Kamiokande (SK) and the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO)
experiments are monitoring the flux of B solar neutrinos through the electron
energy spectrum from the reactions nu_{e,mu,tau} + e --> nu_{e,mu,tau} + e and
nu_e + d --> p + p + e, respectively. We show that the SK detector response to
B neutrinos in each bin of the electron energy spectrum (above 8 MeV) can be
approximated, with good accuracy, by the SNO detector response in an
appropriate electron energy range (above 5.1 MeV). For instance, the SK
response in the bin [10,10.5] MeV is reproduced (``equalized'') within 2
percent by the SNO response in the range [7.1,11.75] MeV. As a consequence, in
the presence of active neutrino oscillations, the SK and SNO event rates in the
corresponding energy ranges turn out to be linearly related, for any functional
form of the oscillation probability. Such equalization is not spoiled by the
possible contribution of hep neutrinos (within current phenomenological
limits). In perspective, when the SK and the SNO spectra will both be measured
with high accuracy, the SK-SNO equalization can be used to determine the
absolute B neutrino flux, and to cross-check the (non)observation of spectral
deviations in SK and SNO. At present, as an exercise, we use the equalization
to ``predict'' the SNO energy spectrum, on the basis of the current SK data.
Finally, we briefly discuss some modifications or limitations of our results in
the case of sterile neutrino oscillations and of relatively large Earth matter
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95504 </DOCNO>
On Real Structures of Rigid Surfaces


  We construct several rigid (i.e., unique in their deformation class) surfaces
which have particular behavior with respect to real structures: in one example
the surface has no any real structure, in the other one it has a unique real
structure and this structure is not maximal with respect to the Smith-Thom
inequality. So, it answers in negative to the following problems: existence of
real surfaces in each complex deformation class and existence of maximal
surfaces in each complex deformation class containing real surfaces. Besides,
we prove that there is no real surfaces among the surfaces of general type with
$p_g=q=0$ and $K^2=9$.
  As a by-product, the surfaces constructed give one more counterexample to
"Dif=Def" problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123559 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution of the Universe Neutral Gas Mass Measured by


  The cosmological evolution of neutral hydrogen is an efficient way of tracing
structure formation with redshift. It indicates the rate of evolution of gas
into stars and hence the gas consumption and rate star formation history of the
Universe. In measuring HI, quasar absorbers have proven to be an ideal tool and
we use observations from a recent survey for high-redshift quasar absorption
systems together with data gathered from the literature to measure the
cosmological comoving mass density of neutral gas. This paper assumes
Omega_M=0.3, Omega_lambda=0.7 and h=0.65.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169338 </DOCNO>
Probability and the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory


  Two works related to the concept of probability in the framework of the
many-worlds interpretation are presented. The first deals with recent
controversy in classical probability theory. Elga and D. Lewis argues that
Sleeping Beauty should have different credences for the result of a fair coin
toss in a particular situation. It is argued that when the coin is replaced by
a quantum coin, the credence is unambiguous and since one should not expect a
difference between classical and quantum coins, this provides a particular
resolution of the controversy. Second work is an analysis of a recent criticism
by Byrne and Hall of Everett-type approach presented by Chalmers. It is shown
that the criticism has no universal validity and that the Byrne and Hall
rejection of any Everett-type interpretation of quantum mechanics is unfounded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5349 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in fluids in thermal nonequilibrium states below the


  Starting from the linearized fluctuating Boussinesq equations we derive an
expression for the structure factor of fluids in stationary convection-free
thermal nonequilibrium states, taking into account both gravity and finite-size
effects. It is demonstrated how the combined effects of gravity and finite size
causes the structure factor to go through a maximum value as a function of the
wave number $q$. The appearance of this maximum is associated with a crossover
from a $q^{-4}$ dependence for larger $q$ to a $q^2$ dependence for very small
$q$. The relevance of this theoretical result for the interpretation of light
scattering and shadowgraph experiments is elucidated. The relationship with
studies on various aspects of the problem by other investigators is discussed.
The paper thus provides a unified treatment for dealing with fluctuations in
fluid layers subjected to a stationary temperature gradient regardless of the
sign of the Rayleigh number $R$, provided that $R$ is smaller than the critical
value $R_\mathrm{c}$ associated with the appearance of Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard
convection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7258 </DOCNO>
The $\sigma$-meson and $\pi$-$\pi$ Correlation in Hot/Dense Medium: soft


  After a brief overview of the realization of chiral symmetry in hot and/or
dense medium, the implications of the existence of a light scalar-isoscalar
meson (which we call $\sigma$ throughout this report) are discussed in the
vacuum and in the medium. Special emphasis is put on its relation to the
fluctuation of the chiral order parameter $<\bar{q}q>$. In the vacuum, the
$\sigma$-meson is an elusive resonance corresponding to a pole deep in the
second Riemann sheet of the $\pi$-$\pi$ scattering matrix in the $I$=$J$=0
channel. This is because the the amplitude fluctuation of $<\bar{q}q>$
(corresponding to {\rm ur}-$\sigma$) and the phase fluctuation of $<\bar{q}q>$
(2 pion states) mix strongly in the vacuum. As the temperature and/or density
of the system increase, however, there arises a softening of this complex pole
due to the partial restoration of chiral symmetry. Such soft modes play a key
role to understand the QCD phase structure. We demonstrate that even a slight
softening of the $\sigma$ mode could induce strong spectral enhancement and
strong $\pi$-$\pi$ correlation near the 2$m_{\pi}$ threshold in the $I$=$J$=0
channel, which thereby can be a signature of the partial restoration of chiral
symmetry. Such spectral enhancement may be seen not only in hot matter created
by the relativistic heavy ion collisions but also in cold matter (heavy nuclei)
probed by photons and hadrons. Relevance of the partial restoration of chiral
symmetry in heavy nuclei with the recent data by the CHAOS and CB
collaborations as well as with on-going and future experiments are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149096 </DOCNO>
New duality transformation in two-dimensional non-linear sigma models


  A new T-duality transformation is found in two-dimensional non-linear sigma
models. This is a straightforward generalisation of Abelian and non-Abelian
T-dualities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128400 </DOCNO>
Electrons as quasi-bosons in magnetic white dwarfs


  A white dwarf star achieves its equilibrium from the balancing of the
gravitational compression against the Fermi degeneracy pressure of the electron
gas. In field theory there are examples (e.g. the monopole-charge system) where
a strong magnetic field can transform a boson into a fermion or a fermion into
a boson. In some condensed matter systems (e.g. fractional quantum Hall
systems) a strong magnetic field can transform electrons into effective
fermions, or effective anyons. Based on these examples we investigate the
possibility that the strong magnetic fields of some white dwarfs may transform
some fraction of the electrons into effective bosons. This could have
consequences for the structure of highly magnetized white dwarfs. It would
alter the mass-radius relationship, and in certain instances one could envision
a scenario where a white dwarf below the Chandrasekhar limit could nevertheless
collapse into a neutron star due to a weakening of the electron degeneracy
pressure. In addition the transformation of electrons into effective bosons
could result in the electrons Bose condensing, which could speed up the cooling
rate of white dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128986 </DOCNO>
The Aquarius Superclusters - I. Identification of Clusters and


  We study the distribution of galaxies and galaxy clusters in a 10^deg x 6^deg
field in the Aquarius region. In addition to 63 clusters in the literature, we
have found 39 new candidate clusters using a matched-filter technique and a
counts-in-cells analysis. From redshift measurements of galaxies in the
direction of these cluster candidates, we present new mean redshifts for 31
previously unobserved clusters, while improved mean redshifts are presented for
35 other systems. About 45% of the projected density enhancements are due to
the superposition of clusters and/or groups of galaxies along the line of
sight, but we could confirm for 72% of the cases that the candidates are real
physical associations similar to the ones classified as rich galaxy clusters.
On the other hand, the contamination due to galaxies not belonging to any
concentration or located only in small groups along the line of sight is ~ 10%.
Using a percolation radius of 10 h^{-1} Mpc (spatial density contrast of about
10), we detect two superclusters of galaxies in Aquarius, at z = 0.086 and at z
= 0.112, respectively with 5 and 14 clusters. The latter supercluster may
represent a space overdensity of about 160 times the average cluster density as
measured from the Abell et al. (1989) cluster catalog, and is possibly
connected to a 40 h^{-1} Mpc filament from z ~ 0.11 to 0.14.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97194 </DOCNO>
Frobenius powers of non-complete intersections


  For a commutative ring $R$ of characteristic $p$, let $\phi : R \to R$ be the
Frobenius homomorphism and let $^{\phi^r}R$ denote the $R$-module structure on
$R$ defined via the $r$-th power of the Frobenius. We show that the Tor functor
against the Frobenius module, $\Tor^R_*(-, {^{\phi^r}}R)$, is rigid for a
certain class of depth zero rings which includes rings that are not complete
intersection. We also show that $\Tor^R_*(-, {^{\phi^r}}R)$ is not rigid
(non-vacuously) when $\depth (R) >0$ and $r$ is large enough. This answers a
question of Avramov and Miller: does rigidity of $\Tor^R_*(-, {^{\phi^r}}R)$
hold for non-complete intersections?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96797 </DOCNO>
Tiling spaces are Cantor set fiber bundles


  We prove that fairly general spaces of tilings of R^d are fiber bundles over
the torus T^d, with totally disconnected fiber. This was conjectured (in a
weaker form) in [W3], and proved in certain cases. In fact, we show that each
such space is homeomorphic to the d-fold suspension of a Z^d subshift (or
equivalently, a tiling space whose tiles are marked unit d-cubes). The only
restrictions on our tiling spaces are that 1) the tiles are assumed to be
polygons (polyhedra if d>2) that meet full-edge to full-edge (or full-face to
full-face), 2) only a finite number of tile types are allowed, and 3) each tile
type appears in only a finite number of orientations. The proof is
constructive, and we illustrate it by constructing a ``square'' version of the
Penrose tiling system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174746 </DOCNO>
Neutron charge form factor at large $q^2$


  The neutron charge form factor $G_{En}(q)$ is determined from an analysis of
the deuteron quadrupole form factor $F_{C2}$ data. Recent calculations, based
on a variety of different model interactions and currents, indicate that the
contributions associated with the uncertain two-body operators of shorter range
are relatively small for $F_{C2}$, even at large momentum transfer $q$. Hence,
$G_{En}(q)$ can be extracted from $F_{C2}$ at large $q^2$ without undue
systematic uncertainties from theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76375 </DOCNO>
Localization of Fields on a Brane in Six Dimensions


  Universe is considered as a brane in infinite (2+4)-space. It is shown that
all kinds of matter fields and 4-gravity are localized on the brane by
increasing transversal gravitational potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124413 </DOCNO>
Dwarf Galaxies in the Leo I Group: the Group Luminosity Function beyond


  We present first results of a survey of the Leo I group at 10 Mpc for M_R <
-10 dwarf galaxies. This is part of a larger program to measure the faint end
of the galaxy luminosity function in nearby poor groups. Our method is
optimized to find Local-Group-like dwarfs down to dwarf spheroidal surface
brightnesses, but we also find very large LSB dwarfs in Leo I with no Local
Group counterpart. A preliminary measurement of the luminosity function yields
a slope consistent with that measured in the Local Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95892 </DOCNO>
Variants of the Andrews-Gordon Identities


  The object of this paper is to propose and prove a new generalization of the
Andrews-Gordon identities, extending a recent result of Garrett, Ismail and
Stanton. We also give a combinatorial discussion of the finite form of their
result, which appeared in the work of Andrews, Knopfmacher, and Paule.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125338 </DOCNO>
The centrifugal force reversal and X-ray bursts


  Heyl (2000) made an interesting suggestion that the observed shifts in QPO
frequency in type I X-ray bursts could be influenced by the same geometrical
effect of strong gravity as the one that causes centrifugal force reversal
discovered by Abramowicz and Lasota (1974). However, his main result contains a
sign error. Here we derive the correct formula and conclude that constraints on
the M(R) relation for neutron stars deduced from the rotational-modulation
model of QPO frequency shifts are of no practical interest because the correct
formula implies a weak condition R* > 1.3 Rs, where Rs is the Schwarzschild
radius. We also argue against the relevance of the rotational-modulation model
to the observed frequency modulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125187 </DOCNO>
A high frequency radio study of G11.2-0.3, a historical supernova


  We present radio maps of the historical supernova remnant G11.2-0.3 in the
frequency range from 4.85 GHz to 32 GHz. The integrated spectrum with \alpha =
-0.50 (S ~ \nu^\alpha) is dominated by its steep spectrum shell emission
(\alpha ~ -0.57), although a flat spectrum core structure classifies G11.2-0.3
as a composite supernova remnant. A radial magnetic field structure is
observed. An analysis of the multi-frequency polarization data results in
highly varying rotation measures along the shell. The percentage polarization
is rather low (~2%) and we conclude that G11.2-0.3 is in the transient phase
from free to adiabatic expansion. The central flat spectrum component is partly
resolved. A compact radio source with an inverted spectrum likely coincides
with the previously detected X-ray pulsar (Torii et al. (1997). Two symmetric
structures with flat radio spectra possibly indicate a bipolar outflow.
Combining available X-ray and radio data we conclude that G11.2-0.3 is likely
the remnant of a type II supernova explosion with an early type B progenitor
star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114318 </DOCNO>
Design of a Distributed Control System Based on CORBA and JAVA for a New


  SPES (Study for the Production of Exotic Species) is a LNL project that will
produce by the end of this year the conceptual design of a specialized facility
for Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) originated by fission fragments produced by
secondary neutrons; this facility will be characterized by moderate size,
performance and cost and will allow to produce also intense neutron beams for
activities both in fundamental and applied Nuclear Physics [1]. In the context
of this design study and tightly related to medium size of this facility the
architecture of a distributed control system using the Common Object Request
Broker Architecture (CORBA) [2] as middleware framework and JAVA [3] as main
programming language was investigated for the core sub-systems (diagnostics,
optics, RF-control) of the primary accelerator. The performance of CORBA for
the high level control system was measured in different conditions and showed
to be sufficient to cover the requirements for remote operations, because all
feedback loops will be performed either in specialized hardware or by dedicated
real-time embedded controllers. A minimal programming effort, a good level of
modularity and long-term maintenance were the reasons to choose JAVA and its
related application builders as the main programming language for the Graphical
User Interface (GUI) and the middleware implementations of this project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126456 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constant and the fate of the DDM theory


  We investigate the impact of the non-zero cosmological constant on the
classical decaying dark matter theory developed by the late Dennis Sciama. In
particular, we concentrate on the change in relevant values of cosmological
parameters in comparison to the high-precision estimates given by Sciama
(1997). It is shown that the appropriate changes in resulting parameter values
are such to make the DDM concept less plausible. This is in complete agreement
with recently reported observational results detrimental to this theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41601 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Masses and Widths of the Sigma_c^++ and Sigma_c^0


  Using data recorded by the CLEO II and CLEO II.V detector configurations at
CESR, we report new measurements of the masses of the Sigma_c^{++} and
Sigma_c^0 charmed baryons, and the first measurements of their intrinsic
widths. We find M(Sigma_c^{++}) - M(Lambda_c^+) = 167.4 +- 0.1 +- 0.2 MeV,
Gamma(Sigma_c^{++}) = 2.3 +- 0.2 +- 0.3 MeV, and M(Sigma_c^0) - M(Lambda_c^+) =
167.2 +- 0.1 +- 0.2 MeV, Gamma(Sigma_c^0) = 2.5 +- 0.2 +- 0.3 MeV, where the
uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98777 </DOCNO>
Analysis on the minimal representation of O(p,q) -- III. ultrahyperbolic


  For the group O(p,q) we give a new construction of its minimal unitary
representation via Euclidean Fourier analysis.
  This is an extension of the q = 2 case, where the representation is the mass
zero, spin zero representation realized in a Hilbert space of solutions to the
wave equation. The group O(p,q) acts as the Moebius group of conformal
transformations on R^{p-1, q-1}, and preserves a space of solutions of the
ultrahyperbolic Laplace equation on R^{p-1, q-1}.
  We construct in an intrinsic and natural way a Hilbert space of
ultrahyperbolic solutions so that O(p,q) becomes a continuous irreducible
unitary representation in this Hilbert space.
  We also prove that this representation is unitarily equivalent to the
representation on L^2(C), where C is the conical subvariety of the nilradical
of a maximal parabolic subalgebra obtained by intersecting with the minimal
nilpotent orbit in the Lie algebra of O(p,q).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127000 </DOCNO>
Simulating the X-ray Forest


  Numerical simulations predict that a large number of baryons reside in
intergalactic space at temperatures between 10^5-10^7 K. Highly-ionized metals,
such as O VII and O VIII, are good tracers of this ``warm-hot intergalactic
medium'', or WHIM. For collisionally-ionized gas, the ionization fraction of
each ion peaks at some particular temperature (``peak temperatures''), so
different ions can therefore trace the IGM at different temperatures. We
performed a hydrodynamic simulation to study the metal distributions in the
IGM. We then draw random lines-of-sight across the simulated region and
synthesize resonance absorption line spectra in a similar way to simulating the
Ly-alpha forest. By studying the distribution functions of H- and He-like O, Si
and Fe in a collisionally-ionized IGM and comparing with semi-analytic results
based on the Press-Schechter formalism, we find: (1) ions with higher peak
temperatures (for instance, Fe XXVI) tend to concentrate around virialized
halos, which can be well described by the Press-Schechter distribution, ions
with lower peak temperatures are found both in small halos (such as groups of
galaxies) and in filaments; (2) lower peak temperature ions are more abundant
and should be easily observed; (3) peculiar velocities contribute a significant
part to the broadening of the resonant absorption lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169220 </DOCNO>
Information extraction and quantum state distortions in continuous


  We analyze the loss of fidelity in continuous variable teleportation due to
non-maximal entanglement. It is shown that the quantum state distortions
correspond to the measurement back-action of a field amplitude measurement.
Results for coherent states and for photon number states are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114395 </DOCNO>
An EPICS to TINE Translator


  Erroneous duplicate submission, removed by arXiv admin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73960 </DOCNO>
QCD sum rule analysis of V and A current correlators from tau-decay data


  2-point correlators of vector and axial currents, obtained from tau-decay
data, are studied within the framework of perturbative QCD and Operator Product
Expansion. Various sum rules, obtained from Borel transformation of the
correlators in complex plane, are used to separate the contributions of
different operators from each other. The analysis confirms the Q^2-dependence
of the correlators in the space-like region, predicted by QCD+OPE. However the
operator values are found to be in certain disagreement with the estimations,
obtained from other data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174633 </DOCNO>
The hyperfine transition in light muonic atoms of odd Z


  The hyperfine (hf) transition rates for muonic atoms have been re-measured
for select light nuclei, using neutron detectors to evaluate the time
dependence of muon capture. For $^{19}$F $\Lambda$$_{h}$ = 5.6 (2)
$\mu$s$^{-1}$ for the hf transition rate, a value which is considerably more
accurate than previous measurements. Results are also reported for Na, Al, P,
Cl, and K; that result for P is the first positive identification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174740 </DOCNO>
Influence of higher-order deformations in the ^{34}S + ^{168}Er fusion


  The shape of the measured barrier distribution for the ^{34}S + ^{168}Er
reaction is analysed using the coupled-channels description. The ^{168}Er
nucleus is a good candidate to test current fusion models description of
deformation since it has a large quadrupole deformation with an insignificant
hexadecapole deformation. Coupling to weaker channels, the 2^+_1 state in
^{34}S, the 3^-_1 state in ^{168}Er, and the pair neutron transfer channel, all
were found to have little influence on the barrier distribution. A successful
description of the barrier distribution was only obtained after the
hexacontatetrapole deformation term in ^{168}Er (beta_6) was included in the
coupling scheme. However, a positive value for beta_6 was needed where the
macroscopic-microscopic model predicts a negative one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124092 </DOCNO>
The effect of distant large scale structure on weak lensing mass


  We quantify the uncertainty in weak lensing mass estimates of clusters of
galaxies, caused by distant (uncorrelated) large scale structure along the line
of sight. We find that the effect is fairly small for deep observations
(20<R<26) of massive clusters (sigma=1000 km/s) at intermediate redshifts,
where the bulk of the sources are at high redshifts compared to the cluster
redshift. If the lensing signal is measured out to 1.5 h_{50}^{-1} Mpc the
typical 1sigma relative uncertainty in the mass is about 6%. However, in other
situations the induced uncertainty can be larger. For instance, in the case of
nearby clusters, such as the Coma cluster, background structures introduce a
considerable uncertainty in the mass, limiting the maximum achievable S/N-ratio
to \sim 7, even for deep observations. The noise in the cluster mass estimate
caused by the large scale structure increases with increasing aperture size,
which will also complicate attempts to constrain cluster mass profiles at large
distances from the cluster centre. However, the distant large scale structure
studied here can be considered an additional (statistical) source of error, and
by averaging the results of several clusters the noise is decreased.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76579 </DOCNO>
Prompt J/psi production at the LHC


  Models with essential non-perturbative QCD dynamics for the production of
charmonium are extrapolated to give predictions of prompt J/psi production at
the LHC. Differences of up to an order of magnitude occurs, although the
different models all describe the Tevatron data on high-pT charmonium. An
important point is here the treatment of higher order perturbative QCD effects.
We also discuss the large rate of prompt J/psi from these models as a
background to CP violation studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76160 </DOCNO>
Why and how to use a differential equation method to calculate


  A short pedagogical introduction to a differential method used to calculate
multi-loop scalar integrals is presented. As an example it is shown how to
obtain, using the method, large mass expansion of the two loop sunrise master
integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87131 </DOCNO>
Rindler Particles and Classical Radiation


  We describe the quantum and classical radiation by a uniformly accelerating
point source in terms of the elementary processes of absorption and emission of
Rindler scalar photons of the Fulling-Davies-Unruh bath observed by a
co-accelerating observer.To this end we compute the emission rate by a DeWitt
detector of a Minkowski scalar particle with defined transverse momentum per
unit of proper time of the source and we show that it corresponds to the
induced absorption or spontaneous and induced emission of Rindler photons from
the thermal bath. We then take what could be called the inert limit of the
DeWitt detector by considering the limit of zero gap energy. As suggested by
DeWitt, we identify in this limit the detector with a classical point source
and verify the consistency of our computation with the classical result.
Finally, we study the behavior of the emission rate in D space-time dimensions
in connection with the so called apparent statistics inversion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76231 </DOCNO>
Charming penguin contributions to charmless B decays into two


  We present estimates of the charming penguin contribution to B => K pi, pi
pi,K eta, K eta' decays due to intermediate charmed meson states. We find that
this contribution is indeed significant for B => K pi decays, and its
inclusion, together with the tree and penguin terms, produces large branching
ratios in agreement with data, though the analysis is affected by large
theoretical uncertainties. On the other hand, for B => pi pi, K eta, K eta'
decays, the effect of the charming penguin contribution is more modest. We also
compute CP asymmetries for B => K pi, pi pi decays and we obtain rather large
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4105 </DOCNO>
Deterministic Scale-Free Networks


  Scale-free networks are abundant in nature and society, describing such
diverse systems as the world wide web, the web of human sexual contacts, or the
chemical network of a cell. All models used to generate a scale-free topology
are stochastic, that is they create networks in which the nodes appear to be
randomly connected to each other. Here we propose a simple model that generates
scale-free networks in a deterministic fashion. We solve exactly the model,
showing that the tail of the degree distribution follows a power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73225 </DOCNO>
Status of the HDMS experiment, the GENIUS project and the GENIUS-TF


  The status of dark matter search in Heidelberg is reviewed. After one year of
running the HDMS prototype experiment in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory,
the inner crystal of the detector has been replaced with a HPGe crystal of
enriched 73Ge. The results of the operation of the HDMS prototype detector are
discussed. In the light of the contradictive results from the CDMS and DAMA
experiments the GENIUS-TF, a new experimental setup is proposed. The GENIUS-TF
could probe the DAMA evidence region using the WIMP nucleus recoil signal and
WIMP annual modulation signature simulataneously. Besides that it can prove
some key parameters of the detector technique, to be implemented into the
GENIUS setup and will in this sense be a first step towards the realization of
the GENIUS experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3444 </DOCNO>
Structural instability of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates


  In this paper we study a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and show
that: (i) A minimum value of the interaction is needed for the existence of
stable persistent currents. (ii) Vorticity is not a fundamental invariant of
the system, as there exists a conservative mechanism which can destroy a vortex
and change its sign. (iii) This mechanism is suppressed by strong interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126062 </DOCNO>
Photometric Constraints on Microlens Spectroscopy of EROS-BLG-2000-5


  We apply EROS photometric data to interpret previously published Keck and VLT
spectra of the binary-microlens caustic-crossing event EROS-BLG-2000-5. We show
that the VLT data imply that the outer 4 % of the limb of the K3-giant source
is strongly in emission in Halpha, in contradiction to available models of the
photosphere. This conflict could be resolved if the integrated Halpha emission
from the chromosphere were equal to 8 % of the integrated Halpha absorption
from the source as a whole. These conclusions regarding the extreme limb are
almost completely model-independent. We also present a general method for using
the photometric data to facilitate direct comparison between the atmospheric
model and the spectroscopic data. While this method has some model-dependent
features, it is fairly robust and can serve to guide the analysis of spectra
while more detailed models of the lens geometry are being developed. In
addition, we find that the color of the limb of the source (outer 5.5 % by
radius) is Delta(V-I) = 0.37 redder than the source as a whole, so that it has
the color of a M0 giant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81308 </DOCNO>
Measuring infrared contributions to the QCD pressure


  For the pressure (or free energy) of QCD, four-dimensional (4d) lattice data
is available at zero baryon density up to a few times the critical temperature
$T_c$. Perturbation theory, on the other hand, has serious convergence problems
even at very high temperatures. In a combined analytical and three-dimensional
(3d) lattice method, we show that it is possible to compute the QCD pressure
from about $2 T_c$ to infinity. The numerical accuracy is good enough to
resolve in principle, e.g., logarithmic contributions related to 4-loop
perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128297 </DOCNO>
Infrared to millimetre photometry of ultra-luminous IR galaxies: new


  Infrared to millimetre spectral energy distributions have been obtained for
41 bright ultra-luminous infrared galaxies. The observations were carried out
with ISOPHOT between 10 and 200 micron and supplemented for 16 sources with
SCUBA at 450 and 850 micron and with SEST at 1.3 mm. In addition, seven sources
were observed at 1.2 and 2.2 $\mu$m with the 2.2 m telescope on Calar Alto.
These new SEDs represent the most complete set of infrared photometric
templates obtained so far on ULIRGs in the local universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2277 </DOCNO>
Entropy saturation and the Brinkmann-Rice transition in a random-tiling


  The parameter regime in which a Brinkmann-Rice (BR) transition appears near
half-filling is investigated for a model of of one kind of electrons traversing
a plane randomly tiled with CuO_4 molecules, simulating the copper-oxide planes
of high-T_c superconductors. As the hole doping is increased, the BR transition
evolves continuously into a state characterized by Kauzmann-like plateaus in
the entropy vs. temperature curves. Despite clear analogies with the glass
transition, these are equilibrium properties of the model. This is because the
spin interactions, responsible for ordering in real space, are not included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127991 </DOCNO>
Detecting filaments at z=3


  We present the detection of a filament of Ly-alpha emitting galaxies in front
of the quasar Q1205-30 at z=3.04 based on deep narrow band imaging and
follow-up spectroscopy obtained at the ESO NTT and VLT. We argue that Ly-alpha
selection of high redshift galaxies with relatively modest amounts of observing
time allows the detection and redshift measurement of galaxies with
sufficiently high space densities that we can start to map out the large scale
structure at z=2-3 directly. Even more interesting is it that a 3D map of the
filaments will provide a new cosmological test for the value of the
cosmological constant, Omega_Lambda.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126856 </DOCNO>
Thermal Conduction and the Stability of Hot Accretion Flows


  Recently, Medvedev & Narayan (2001) discovered a new type of accretion flow,
a hot settling flow around a rapidly rotating neutron star. The flow is
cooling-dominated and energetically similar to the Shapiro, Lightman, & Eardley
(1976, SLE) solution. Since the SLE solution is known to be thermally unstable,
one might suspect that the new solution would also be unstable. However, due to
the very high temperature of the accreting gas, thermal conduction is very
strong and could suppress the thermal instability. We analyze the role of
thermal conduction in both the hot settling flow and the SLE solution. In the
hot settling flow collisions are very rare. Therefore, thermal transport occurs
via free streaming of electrons along tangled magnetic field lines. We find
that conduction is strong enough to make the flow marginally stable. In
contrast, in the cooler SLE solution, conduction is via collisional,
Spitzer-type transport. In this case, conduction is weaker, and we find that
the SLE solution is thermally unstable even in the presence of conduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74781 </DOCNO>
Relativistic covariance and the bound state wave function


  We establish a relation between the solution of a relativistic bound state
equation in quantum mechanics and the field representation of a bound state
with the aid of creation and annihilation operators. We show that a bound
system can be represented by a gas of free constituents and a classical
effective field representing the countless quantum fluctuations generating the
binding potential. The distribution function of the internal momenta is given
by the projection of the free states on the solution of a relativistic bound
state equation in the rest frame of the bound system. In this approach Lorentz
covariance, mass-shell constraints and single particle normalizability of the
bound state function are simultaneously and explicitly satisfied. The
discussion is made for a two particle bound state and can be easily generalized
to the case of three or more particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76922 </DOCNO>
Final State Rescattering and Color-suppressed \bar B^0-> D^{(*)0} h^0


  The color-suppressed \bar B^0-> D^{(*)0}\pi^0, D^{(*)0}\eta, D^0\omega decay
modes have just been observed for the first time. The rates are all larger than
expected, hinting at the presence of final state interactions. Considering \bar
B^0-> D^{(*)0}\pi^0 mode alone, an elastic D^{(*)}\pi -> D^{(*)}\pi
rescattering phase difference \delta \equiv \delta_{1/2} - \delta_{3/2} \sim
30^\circ would suffice, but the \bar B^0-> D^{(*)0}\eta, D^0\omega modes compel
one to extend the elastic formalism to SU(3) symmetry. We find that a universal
a_2/a_1=0.25 and two strong phase differences 20^\circ \sim \theta < \delta <
\delta^\prime \sim 50^\circ can describe both DP and D^*P modes rather well;
the large phase of order 50^\circ is needed to account for the strength of {\it
both} the D^{(*)0}\pi^0 and D^{(*)0}\eta modes. For DV modes, the nonet
symmetry reduces the number of physical phases to just one, giving better
predictive power. Two solutions are found. We predict the rates of the \bar
B^0-> D^{+}_s K^-, D^{*+}_s K^-, D^0\rho^0, D^+_s K^{*-} and D^0\phi modes, as
well as \bar B^0-> D^{0}\bar K^0, D^{*0}\bar K^0, D^{0}\bar K^{*0} modes. The
formalism may have implications for rates and CP asymmetries of charmless
modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127329 </DOCNO>
CROMOS: A cryogenic near-infrared, multi-object spectrometer for the VLT


  We discuss a cryogenic, multi-object near-infrared spectrometer as a second
generation instrument for the VLT. The spectrometer combines 20 to 40
independent integral eld units (IFUs), which can be positioned by a cryogenic
robot over the entire unvignetted eld of the VLT (~7'). Each IFU consists of a
contiguous cluster of 20 to 30 pixels (0.15 to 0.25" per pixel). The individual
IFUs have cold fore-optics and couple into the spectrograph with integrated
bers-microlenses. The spectrometer has lambda/d-lambda~4000 and simultaneously
covers the J-, H-, and K-bands with three HAWAII 2 detectors. The system is
designed for operation both in seeing limited and MCAO modes. Its speed is
approximately 3500 times greater than that of ISAAC and 60 times greater than
NIRMOS (in H-band). The proposed instrument aims at a wide range of science,
ranging from studies of galaxies/clusters in the high-z Universe (dynamics and
star formation in z>1 galaxies, evolution of ellipticals, properties of
distant, obscured far-IR and X-ray sources), to investigations of nearby
starbursts, star clusters and properties of young low mass stars and brown
dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169289 </DOCNO>
Solution of the one-dimensional Dirac equation with a linear scalar


  We solve the Dirac equation in one space dimension for the case of a linear,
Lorentz-scalar potential. This extends earlier work of Bhalerao and Ram [Am. J.
Phys. 69 (7), 817-818 (2001)] by eliminating unnecessary constraints. The
spectrum is shown to match smoothly to the nonrelativistic spectrum in a
weak-coupling limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3780 </DOCNO>
Interaction of a quantum dot with an incompressible two-dimensional


  We consider a system of a incompressible quantum Hall liquid in close
proximity to a parabolic quantum dot containing a few electrons. We observe a
significant influence of the interacting electrons in the dot on the excitation
spectrum of the incompressible state in the electron plane. Our calculated
charge density indicates that unlike in the case of an impurity, interacting
electrons in the dot seem to confine the fractionally charged excitations in
the incompressible liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1163 </DOCNO>
Spatio-temporal speckle correlations for imaging in turbid media


  We discuss the far-field spatio-temporal cross-correlations of waves
multiple-scattered in a turbid medium in which is embedded a hidden
heterogeneous region (inclusion) characterized by a distinct scatterer dynamics
(as compared to the rest of the medium). We show that the spatio-temporal
correlation is affected by the inclusion which suggests a new method of imaging
in turbid media. Our results allow qualitative interpretation in terms of
diffraction theory: the cross-correlation of scattered waves behaves similarly
to the intensity of a wave diffracted by an aperture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129397 </DOCNO>
VLT observations of the z=6.28 quasar SDSS 1030+0524


  We present new VLT spectroscopic observations of the most distant quasar
known, SDSS J1030+0524 at z=6.28 which was recently discovered by the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey. We confirm the presence of a complete Gunn-Peterson trough
caused by neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium. There is no detectable
flux over the wavelength range from 8450 to 8710 A. We set an improved limit on
the drop of the flux level blueward of the Ly alpha line: a factor of
 > 200. Below 8450 A the spectrum shows a rise in flux, with a large fraction
(> 60 %) of the total emission produced by few narrow features of transmitted
flux. We discuss the obvious proximity effect around this quasar, with the
presence of transmitted flux with many absorption features in a region of about
23h^{-1} comoving Mpc. If assuming the surrounding medium were completely
neutral, the size of this region would imply a quasar lifetime of \~1.3x10^7
years.
  We also present near-IR spectroscopy of both SDSS J1030+0524 and of SDSS
J1306+05, the second most distant quasar known at redshift 6.0. We combine
measurements of the CIV line and limits on the HeII emission with the NV line
measurements from the optical spectra to derive line ratios, and by implication
the abundances of these early quasar environments. The results are
indistinguishable from those of lower redshift quasars and indicate little or
no evolution in the abundances from z ~ 6 to z ~ 2. The line ratios suggest
supersolar metallicities, implying that the first stars around the quasars must
have formed at least a few hundreds of Myrs prior to the observation, i.e. at
redshift higher than 8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128526 </DOCNO>
Chandra imaging of the X-ray nebula powered by pulsar B1509-58


  We present observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of the pulsar wind
nebula (PWN) powered by the energetic young pulsar B1509-58. These data confirm
the complicated morphology of the system indicated by previous observations,
and in addition reveal several new components to the nebula. The overall PWN
shows a clear symmetry axis oriented at a position angle 150 degrees (N through
E), which we argue corresponds to the pulsar spin axis. We show that a
previously identified radio feature matches well with the overall extent of the
X-ray PWN, and propose the former as the long-sought radio nebula powered by
the pulsar. We further identify a bright collimated feature, at least 4' long,
lying along the nebula's main symmetry axis; we interpret this feature as a
physical outflow from the pulsar, and infer a velocity for this jet >0.2c. The
lack of any observed counter-jet implies that the pulsar spin axis is inclined
at approx 30 deg to the line-of-sight, contrary to previous estimates made from
lower-resolution data. We also identify a variety of compact features close to
the pulsar. A pair of semi-circular X-ray arcs lie 17 and 30 arcsec to the
north of the pulsar; the latter arc shows a highly-polarized radio counterpart.
We show that these features can be interpreted as ion-compression wisps in a
particle-dominated equatorial flow, and use their properties to infer a ratio
of electromagnetic to particle energy in pairs at the wind shock sigma approx
0.005, similar to that seen in the Crab Nebula. We further identify several
compact knots seen very close to the pulsar; we use these to infer sigma <
0.003 at a separation from the pulsar of 0.1 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127182 </DOCNO>
UBV stellar photometry of bright stars in GC M5. II. Physical parameters


  The physical parameters of the stars in the central region of the globular
cluster M5 (NGC 5904) were determined from UBV photometry using Kurucz (1992)
synthetic flux distributions and some empirical relations. It is found that the
bluest horizontal branch stars have higher luminosities than predicted by
canonical zero-age horizontal branch models. Parameters of the mass
distribution on the HB stars are determined. It is shown that the gap in the
blue HB previously reported (Markov et al. 1999) is probably a statistical
fluctuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41868 </DOCNO>
Comparison of high-energy galactic and atmospheric tau neutrino flux


  We compare the tau neutrino flux arising from the galaxy and the earth
atmosphere for 10^3 < E/GeV < 10^11. The intrinsic and oscillated tau neutrino
fluxes from both sources are calculated. The intrinsic galactic \nu_{\tau} flux
(E > 10^3 GeV) is calculated by considering the interactions of high-energy
cosmic-rays with the matter present in our galaxy, whereas the oscillated
galactic \nu_{\tau} flux is coming from the oscillation of the galactic
\nu_{\mu} flux. For the intrinsic atmospheric \nu_{\tau} flux, we extend the
validity of a previous calculation from E < 10^6 GeV up to E < 10^11 GeV. The
oscillated atmospheric \nu_{\tau} flux is, on the other hand, rather
suppressed. We find that, for 10^3 < E/GeV < 5\cdot 10^7, the oscillated
\nu_{\tau} flux along the galactic plane dominates over the maximal intrinsic
atmospheric \nu_{\tau} flux, i.e., the flux along the horizontal direction. We
also briefly mention the presently envisaged prospects for observing these
high-energy tau neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86186 </DOCNO>
Oscillatons revisited


  In this paper, I study some interesting properties of a spherically symmetric
oscillating soliton star made of a real time-dependent scalar field which is
called an {\it oscillaton}. The known final configuration of an oscillaton
consists of a stationary stage in which the scalar field and the metric
coefficients oscillate coherently in time if the scalar potential is quadratic.
 The differential equations that arise in the simplest approximation, that of
coherent scalar oscillations, are presented for a quadratic scalar potential
and the solutions correspond to the final stable stage of the oscillaton. The
leading terms for the differential equations describing an oscillaton are
obtained by applying the so called stationary limit procedure. The cases for a
quartic self-interaction and for a cosh scalar potential are worked in this
limit. It is found that the differential equations at the stationary limit
procedure are boson star-like for the quadratic and quartic self-interaction
cases, but this similarity is lost for the cosh potential. Oscillatons also are
interesting astrophysical objects as boson stars, since they would be predicted
by scalar field dark matter models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73896 </DOCNO>
Neutrino anomalies and large extra dimensions


  Theories with large extra dimensions can generate small neutrino masses when
the standard model neutrinos are coupled to singlet fermions propagating in
higher dimensions. The couplings can also generate mass splittings and mixings
among the flavour neutrinos in the brane. We systematically study the minimal
scenario involving only one singlet bulk fermion coupling weakly to the flavour
neutrinos. We explore the neutrino mass structures in the brane that can
potentially account for the atmospheric, solar and LSND anomalies
simultaneously in a natural way. We demonstrate that in the absence of a priori
mixings among the SM neutrinos, it is not possible to reconcile all these
anomalies. The presence of some structure in the mass matrix of the SM
neutrinos can solve this problem. This is exemplified by the Zee model, which
when embedded in extra dimensions in a minimal way can account for all the
neutrino anomalies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2690 </DOCNO>
Dislocation-induced spin tunneling in Mn-12 acetate


  Comprehensive theory of quantum spin relaxation in Mn-12 acetate crystals is
developed, that takes into account imperfections of the crystal structure and
is based upon the generalization of the Landau-Zener effect for incoherent
tunneling from excited energy levels. It is shown that linear dislocations at
plausible concentrations provide the transverse anisotropy which is the main
source of tunneling in Mn-12. Local rotations of the easy axis due to
dislocations result in a transverse magnetic field generated by the field
applied along the c-axis of the crystal, which explains the presence of odd
tunneling resonances. Long-range deformations due to dislocations produce a
broad distribution of tunnel splittings. The theory predicts that at subkelvin
temperatures the relaxation curves for different tunneling resonances can be
scaled onto a single master curve. The magnetic relaxation in the thermally
activated regime follows the stretched-exponential law with the exponent
depending on the field, temperature, and concentration of defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6115 </DOCNO>
Measuring Cosmic Defect Correlations in Liquid Crystals


  From the theory of topological defect formation proposed for the early
universe, the so called Kibble mechanism, it follows that the density
correlation functions of defects and anti-defects in a given system should be
completely determined in terms of a single length scale $\xi$, the relevant
domain size. Thus, when lengths are expressed in units of $\xi$, these
distributions should show universal behavior, depending only on the symmetry of
the order parameter, and space dimensions. We have verified this prediction by
analyzing the distributions of defects/anti-defects formed in the
isotropic-nematic phase transition in a thin layer of nematic liquid crystals.
Our experimental results confirm this prediction and are in reasonable
agreement with the results of numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73519 </DOCNO>
Rare Kaon Decay K^+ --> \pi^+ \nu \bar{\nu} in SU(3)_C X SU(3)_L X


  The rare kaon decay K^+ --> \pi^+ \nu \bar{\nu} is considered in the
framework of the models based on the SU(3)_C X SU(3)_L X U(1)_N (3 - 3 - 1)
gauge group. It is shown that a lower bound of the Z' mass in the 3 - 3 - 1
model with right-handed neutrinos at a value of 3 TeV is derived, while that in
the minimal version -- 1.7 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179089 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to Large-Scale Nuclear Structure Calculations


  A new approach to large-scale nuclear structure calculations, based on the
Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG), is described. The method is tested
in the context of a problem involving many identical nucleons constrained to
move in a single large-j shell and interacting via a pairing plus quadrupole
interaction. In cases in which exact diagonalization of the hamiltonian is
possible, the method is able to reproduce the exact results for the ground
state energy and the energies of low-lying excited states with extreme
precision. Results are also presented for a model problem in which exact
solution is not feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124658 </DOCNO>
Brown Dwarf Companions to G-type Stars. I: Gliese 417B and Gliese 584C


  We present astrometric and spectroscopic observations confirming that two
nearby G dwarf systems (Gliese 417 = BD+36 2162 and Gliese 584AB = eta CrB AB)
have a widely separated, L dwarf, substellar companion. Using age estimates of
the G dwarf primaries, we estimate masses for these L dwarfs from theoretical
evolutionary tracks. For the L4.5 dwarf Gl 417B we estimate an age of 0.08-0.3
Gyr and a mass of 0.035+/-0.015 M_sun. For the L8 dwarf Gl 584C we estimate an
age of 1.0-2.5 Gyr and a mass of 0.060+/-0.015 M_sun. This latter object also
shows evidence of spectrum variability, which may be due to surface
inhomogeneities rotating into and out of view. These new companions are also
compared to six other L dwarf and T dwarf companions previously recognized. For
the L dwarf companions, ages implied by the presence or absence of lithium are
consistent with ages inferred from the primaries alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124389 </DOCNO>
Kinematic Constraints on Evolutionary Scenarios for Blue Compact Dwarf


  We present the results of high spatial resolution HI synthesis observations
of six blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies. Optically, the selected galaxies have
smooth, symmetric isophotes, and thus are the most likely of the BCD class to
fade into an object morphologically similar to a dwarf elliptical when the
current starburst ends. The neutral gas in all six galaxies appears to be
rotationally supported, however, indicating that true morphological
transformation from a BCD to a dE will require significant loss of angular
momentum. Based on the observed neutral gas dynamics of these and other BCDs,
it is unlikely that present-day BCDs will evolve directly into dwarf
ellipticals after a starburst phase. We discuss alternative evolutionary
scenarios for BCDs and place them within the larger context of galaxy formation
and evolution models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74783 </DOCNO>
Multigravity in six dimensions: Generating bounces with flat positive


  We present a generalization of the five dimensional multigravity models to
six dimensions. The key characteristic of these constructions is that that we
obtain solutions which do not have any negative tension branes while at the
same time the branes are kept flat. This is due to the fact that in six
dimensions the internal space is not trivial and its curvature allows bounce
configurations with the above feature. These constructions give for the first
time a theoretically and phenomenologically viable realization of multigravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7429 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo study of the magnetic properties of the 3D Hubbard model


  We investigate numerically the magnetic properties of the 3D Isotropic and
Anisotropic Hubbard model at half-filling. The behavior of the transition
temperature as a function of the anisotropic hopping parameter is qualitatively
described. In the Isotropic model we measure the scaling properties of the
susceptibility finding agreement with the magnetic critical exponents of the 3D
Heisenberg model. We also describe several particularities concerning the
implementation of our simulation in a cluster of personal computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5665 </DOCNO>
Local versus Nonlocal Order Parameter Field Theories for Quantum Phase


  General conditions are formulated that allow to determine which quantum phase
transitions in itinerant electron systems can be described by a local
Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson or LGW theory solely in terms of the order parameter. A
crucial question is the degree to which the order parameter fluctuations couple
to other soft modes. Three general classes of zero-wavenumber order parameters,
in the particle-hole spin-singlet and spin-triplet channels, and in the
particle-particle channel, respectively, are considered. It is shown that the
particle-hole spin-singlet class does allow for a local LGW theory, while the
other two classes do not. The implications of this result for the critical
behavior at various quantum phase transitions are discussed, as is the
connection with nonanalyticities in the wavenumber dependence of order
parameter susceptibilities in the disordered phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3586 </DOCNO>
Integrability and exact solution of correlated hopping multi-chain


  Exact quantum integrability is established for a class of multi-chain
electron models with correlated hopping and spin models with interchain
interactions, by constructing the related Lax operators and R-matrices through
twisting and gauge transformations. Exact solution of the eigenvalue problem
for commuting conserved quantities of such systems is achieved through
Algebraic Bethe ansatz, on the examples of Hubbard and t-J models with
correlated hopping. Our systematic construction identifies the integrable
subclass of such known solvable models and also generates new systems including
the generalized t-J models. At the same time it makes proper correction to a
well known model and resolves recent controversies regarding the equivalence
and solvability of some known models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96346 </DOCNO>
More on mutual stationarity


  Extending a result of Foreman and Magidor we prove that in the core model for
almost linear iterations the following holds. There is a sequence (S^n_\alpha :
n<\omega,\alpha>0) such that each individual S^n_\alpha is a stationary subset
of \aleph_{\alpha+1} consisting of points of cofinality \omega_1, and for all
limits \lambda and for all f:\lambda -> \omega do we have that
(S^{f(\alpha)}_\alpha : \alpha<\lambda) is mutually stationary if and only if
the range of f is finite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73946 </DOCNO>
Fate of Vector Dominance in the Effective Field Theory


  We reveal the full phase structure of the effective field theory for QCD,
based on the hidden local symmetry (HLS) through the one-loop renormalization
group equation including quadratic divergences. We then show that vector
dominance (VD) is not a sacred discipline of the effective field theory but
rather an accidental phenomenon peculiar to three-flavored QCD. In particular,
the chiral symmetry restoration in HLS model takes place in a wide phase
boundary surface, on which the VD is realized nowhere. This suggests that VD
may not be valid for chiral symmetry restoration in hot and/or dense QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127736 </DOCNO>
Spatially-resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the core of the Centaurus


  We present Chandra data from a 31.7 ks observation of the Centaurus cluster,
using the ACIS-S detector. Images of the X-ray emission show a plume-like
feature at the centre of the cluster, of extent 60 arcsec (20 kpc in
projection). The feature has the same metallicity as gas at a similar radius,
but is cooler. Using adaptive binning, we generate temperature, abundance and
absorption maps of the cluster core. The radial abundance profile shows that
the previously known, steep abundance gradient peaks with a metallicity of
1.3-1.8 Zsolar at a radius of about 45 arcsec (15 kpc), before falling back to
0.4 Zsolar at the centre of the cluster. A radial temperature profile shows
that the temperature decreases inwards. We determine the spatial distributions
of each of two temperature components, where applicable. The radiative cooling
time of the cooler component within the inner 10 arcsec (3 kpc) is less than
2x10^7 yr. X-ray holes in the image coincident with the radio lobes are seen,
as well as two outer sharp temperature drops, or cold fronts. The origin of the
plume is unclear. The existence of the strong abundance gradient is a strong
constraint on extensive convection or gas motion driven by a central radio
source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148631 </DOCNO>
Twistor variational principle for null strings


  I present a twistor action functional for null 2-surfaces (null strings) in
4D Minkowski spacetime. The proposed formulation is reparametrization invariant
and free of algebraic and differential constraints. Proposed approach results
in derivation of evolution equations for the null strings. It is shown that
non-geodesic null strings are contained in the presented formalism. A
discussion of the problem of minimality for 2-surfaces with degenerate induced
metric is given. I also speculate on the possible description of strings
(time-like 2-surfaces) and conventional (space-like) 2-surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5333 </DOCNO>
Formation of energy gap in higher dimensional spin-orbital liquids


  A Schwinger boson mean field theory is developed for spin liquids in a
symmetric spin-orbital model in higher dimensions. Spin, orbital and coupled
spin-orbital operators are treated equally. We evaluate the dynamic correlation
functions and collective excitations spectra. As the collective excitations
have a finite energy gap, we conclude that the ground state is a spin-orbital
liquid with a two-fold degeneracy, which breaks the discrete spin-orbital
symmetry. Possible relevence of this spin liquid state to several realistic
systems, such as CaV$_4$V$_9$ and Na$_2$Sb$_2$Ti$_2$O, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179466 </DOCNO>
Microscopic description of $\eta$-photoproduction on light nuclei


  A microscopic four-body description of near-threshold coherent
photoproduction of the $\eta$ meson on the (3N)-nuclei is given. The
photoproduction cross-section is calculated using the Finite Rank Approximation
(FRA) of the nuclear Hamiltonian. The results indicate that the final state
interaction of the $\eta$ meson with the residual nucleus plays an important
role in the photoproduction process. Sensitivity of the results to the choice
of the $\eta N$ T-matrix is investigated. The importance of obeying the
condition of $\eta N$ unitarity is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125485 </DOCNO>
The stellar origin of 7Li - Do AGB stars contribute a substantial


  We adopt up-to-date 7Li yields from asymptotic giant branch stars in order to
study the temporal evolution of 7Li in the solar neighbourhood in the context
of a revised version of the two-infall model for the chemical evolution of our
galaxy.
 We consider several lithium stellar sources besides the asymptotic giant
branch stars such as Type II supernovae, novae, low-mass giants as well as
Galactic cosmic rays and low-mass X-ray binaries.
 We conclude that asymptotic giant branch stars cannot be considered as
important 7Li producers as believed in so far and that the contribution of
low-mass giants and novae is necessary to reproduce the steep rise of the 7Li
abundance in disk stars as well as the meteoritic 7Li abundance. Lithium
production in low-mass X-ray binaries hardly affects the temporal evolution of
7Li in the solar neighbourhood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41289 </DOCNO>
Solving the Solar Neutrino Puzzle with KamLAND and Solar Data


  We study what will be learnt about the solar neutrino puzzle and solar
neutrino oscillations once the data from the KamLAND reactor neutrino
experiment (soon to become available) are combined with those from the current
solar neutrino experiments. We find that, in agreement with previous estimates,
if the solution to the solar neutrino puzzle falls on the LMA region, KamLAND
should be able to ``pin-point'' the right solution with unprecedented accuracy
after a few years of data taking. Furthermore, the light side ($\theta<\pi/4$)
can be separated from the dark side ($\theta>\pi/4$) at the 95% confidence
level (CL) for most of the LMA region allowed by the current data at the 99%
CL, while the addition of the KamLAND data need not improve our ability to
limit a sterile component in ``solar'' oscillations. If KamLAND does not see an
oscillation signal, the solar data would point to the LOW/VAC regions, while
the SMA region would still lurk at the two sigma CL, meaning we would probably
have to wait for Borexino data in order to finally piece the solar neutrino
puzzle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113783 </DOCNO>
Observation of dc voltage on segments of an inhomogeneous


  In order to verify a possibility of a dc voltage predicted on segments of an
inhomogeneous superconducting loop the Little-Parks oscillations are
investigated on symmetrical and asymmetric Al loops. The amplitude of the
voltage oscillations $\Delta V$ measured on segments of symmetrical loop
increases with the measuring current $I_{m}$ and $\Delta V = 0$ at $I_{m}= 0$
in accordance with the classical Little-Parks experiment. Whereas the $\Delta
V$ measured on segments of asymmetric loop has a maximum value at $I_{m}= 0$.
The observation of the dc voltage at $I_{m}= 0$ means that one of the loop
segments is a dc power source and others is a load. The dc power can be induced
by both thermal fluctuation and a external electric noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179070 </DOCNO>
Centrality Dependence of Hadron Multiplicities in Nuclear Collisions in


  We show that, even in purely soft processes, the hadronic multiplicity in
nucleus-nucleus interactions contains a term that scales with the number of
binary collisions. In the absence of shadowing corrections, this term dominates
at mid rapidities and high energies. Shadowing corrections are calculated as a
function of impact parameter and the centrality dependence of mid-rapidity
multiplicities is determined. The multiplicity per participant increases with
centrality with a rate that increases between SPS and RHIC energies, in
agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96993 </DOCNO>
Fourier Invariant Partially approximating subalgebras of the irrational


  For all transcendental parameters, the irrational rotation algebra is shown
to contain infinitely many C*-subalgebras satisfying the following properties.
Each subalgebra is isomorphic to a direct sum of two matrix algebras of the
same (perfect square) dimension; the Fourier transform maps each summand onto
the other; the corresponding unit projection is approximately central; the
compressions of the canonical generators of the irrational rotation algebra are
approximately contained in the subalgebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76940 </DOCNO>
Probing supernova physics with neutrino oscillations


  We point out that solar neutrino oscillations with large mixing angle as
evidenced in current solar neutrino data have a strong impact on strategies for
diagnosing collapse-driven supernova (SN) through neutrino observations. Such
oscillations induce a significant deformation of the energy spectra of
neutrinos, thereby allowing us to obtain otherwise inaccessible features of SN
neutrino spectra. We demonstrate that one can determine temperatures and
luminosities of non-electron flavor neutrinos by observing $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ from
galactic SN in massive water Cherenkov detectors by the charged current
reactions on protons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96939 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear supersymmetry on the plane in magnetic field and quasi-exactly


  The nonlinear $n$-supersymmetry with holomorphic supercharges is investigated
for the 2D system describing the motion of a charged spin-1/2 particle in an
external magnetic field. The universal algebraic structure underlying the
holomorphic $n$-supersymmetry is found. It is shown that the essential
difference of the 2D realization of the holomorphic $n$-supersymmetry from the
1D case recently analysed by us consists in appearance of the central charge
entering non-trivially into the superalgebra. The relation of the 2D
holomorphic $n$-supersymmetry to the 1D quasi-exactly solvable (QES) problems
is demonstrated by means of the reduction of the systems with hyperbolic or
trigonometric form of the magnetic field. The reduction of the
$n$-supersymmetric system with the polynomial magnetic field results in the
family of the one- dimensional QES systems with the sextic potential. Unlike
the original 2D holomorphic supersymmetry, the reduced 1D supersymmetry
associated with $x^6+...$ family is characterized by the non-holomorphic
supercharges of the special form found by Aoyama et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3917 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of the microwave surface impedance measured on


  In this paper we present the results of measurements of the microwave surface
impedance of a powder sample and two films of MgB$_2$. One film has $T_c=30$ K
and is not textured, the other is partially c-axis orientated with $T_c=38$ K.
These samples show different types of temperature dependence of the field
penetration depth: linear for the powder sample, exponential with
$\Delta/kT_c<1.76$ (film with $T_c=30$ K) and strong coupling behaviour with
$\Delta/kT_c\sim 2.25$ (film with $T_c=38$ K). The results are well described
in terms of an anisotropic gap model or presence of a slightly deficient
MgB$_2$ phase. The data set for all samples - taken as a whole cannot be fitted
into a two gap scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129685 </DOCNO>
On the meteor height from forward scatter radio observations


  It is known from theory that, by means of a plasma physics approach, it is
possible to obtain a simple formula to calculate the approximate height of a
meteor (Foschini, 1999). This formula can be used in case of forward scatter of
radio waves and has the advantage that it does not depend on the diffusion
coefficient. On the other hand, it is possible to apply the formula to a
particular type of meteor only (overdense meteor type I), which is a small
fraction of the total number observed. We have carried out a statistical
analysis of several radio echoes from meteor showers recorded during last years
by a radio observer located in Belgium. Results are compared and discussed with
those obtained with other methods and available in literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76200 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Inflation, Matter and Dark Energy


  In this talk, based on \cite{Kane:2001rb}, we emphasise that intermediate
scale supersymmetric inflation models are particularly attractive since
inflation, baryogenesis and the relic abundance of cold dark matter (CDM) are
all related by a set of parameters which also affect particle physics collider
phenomena, neutrino masses and the strong CP problem. We also point out that
the present day relic abundances of different forms of matter are (in
principle) calculable from the supersymmetric inflation model together with a
measurement of the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. From these relic
abundances one can deduce the amount of the present day dark energy (DE)
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98583 </DOCNO>
Classification of unipotent representations of simple p-adic groups,II


  Let G(K) be the group of K-rational points of a connected adjoint simple
algebraic group defined over a non-archimedean local field K. In this paper we
classify the unipotent representations of G(K) in terms of the geometry of the
Langlands dual group. (This was known earlier in the special case where G(K) is
an inner form of a split group.) We also determine which representations are
tempered or square integrable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3616 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a Quantum Hall Insulator in an InGaAs/InP Heterostructure


  We study the quantum critical behavior of the plateau-insulator (PI)
transition in a low mobility InGaAs/InP heterostructure. By reversing the
direction of the magnetic field (B) we find an averaged Hall resistance \rho_xy
which remains quantized at the plateau value h/e^2 throughout the PI
transition. We extract a critical exponent \kappa'= 0.57 +/- 0.02 for the PI
transition which is slightly different from (and possibly more accurate than)
the established value 0.42 +/- 0.04 as previously obtained from the
plateau-plateau (PP) transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41173 </DOCNO>
Measurements of Scintillation Efficiency and Pulse-Shape for Low Energy


  Results of observations of low energy nuclear and electron recoil events in
liquid xenon scintillator detectors are given. The relative scintillation
efficiency for nuclear recoils is 0.22 +/- 0.01 in the recoil energy range 40
keV - 70 keV. Under the assumption of a single dominant decay component to the
scintillation pulse-shape the log-normal mean parameter T0 of the maximum
likelihood estimator of the decay time constant for 6 keV < Eee < 30 keV
nuclear recoil events is equal to 21.0 ns +/- 0.5 ns. It is observed that for
electron recoils T0 rises slowly with energy, having a value ~ 30 ns at Eee ~
15 keV. Electron and nuclear recoil pulse-shapes are found to be well fitted by
single exponential functions although some evidence is found for a double
exponential form for the nuclear recoil pulse-shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6087 </DOCNO>
Non-collinear spin transfer in Co/Cu/Co multilayers


  This paper has two parts. The first part uses a single point of view to
discuss the reflection and averaging mechanisms of spin-transfer between
current-carrying electrons and the ferromagnetic layers of
magnetic/non-magnetic heterostructures. The second part incorporates both
effects into a matrix Boltzmann equation and reports numerical results for
current polarization, spin accumulation, magnetoresistance, and spin-transfer
torques for Co/Cu/Co multilayers. When possible, the results are compared
quantitatively with relevant experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73670 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass, Mixing, and Oscillation


  Do neutrinos have nonzero masses? If they do, then these masses are very
tiny, and can be sought only in very sensitive experiments. The most sensitive
of these search for neutrino oscillation, a quantum interference effect which
requires neutrino mass and leptonic mixing. In these lectures, we explain what
leptonic mixing is, and then develop the physics of neutrino oscillation,
including the general formalism and its application to special cases of
practical interest. We also see how neutrino oscillation is affected by the
passage of the oscillating neutrinos through matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149925 </DOCNO>
Black Crunch


  This paper has been withdrawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126937 </DOCNO>
Did the Universe Reionize at Redshift Six?


  In light of recent observations of spectra of the quasars SDSS 1030+0524
(Becker et al. 2001) and SDSS 1044-0125 (Djorgovski et al. 2001), we study the
observational signatures of different stages of the reionization epoch. During
the initial, pre-overlap stage, the hydrogen throughout the universe is neutral
except for isolated HII bubbles due to individual ionizing sources. The central
stage of reionization is the overlap stage, during which the individual HII
bubbles overlap each other and reionize the low-density gas which takes up most
of the volume of the universe. Some neutral hydrogen remains in dense clumps
which are then slowly reionized during post-overlap. We show that both of the
recent observations are consistent with the post-overlap stage. Becker et al.
(2001) may have observed the universe in the era before the end of overlap, but
a conclusive proof of this requires the observation of similar intervals of
Gunn-Peterson absorption at the same redshift along several additional lines of
sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174767 </DOCNO>
Transverse mass distributions of neutral pions from $^{208}$Pb-induced


  Results on transverse mass spectra of neutral pions measured at central
rapidity are presented for impact parameter selected 158$\cdot A$ GeV Pb + Pb,
and Pb + Nb collisions. The distributions cover the range $0.5
\mathrm{GeV}/c^{2} \le m_{T} - m_{0} \le 4 \mathrm{GeV}/c^{2}$. The change of
the spectral shape with centrality is studied in detail. In going from
peripheral to medium central collisions there is a nuclear enhancement
increasing with transverse mass similar to the well known Cronin effect, while
for very central collisions this enhancement appears to be weaker than
expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72582 </DOCNO>
Lattice measurement of the energy-gap in a spontaneously broken phase


  Using lattice simulations of a one-component $(\lambda \Phi^4)_4$ theory, we
have measured the energy spectrum $\omega({\mathbf{k}})$ in the broken phase at
various lattice sizes. Our data show that the energy-gap $\omega(0)$ is {\it
not} the `Higgs mass' $M_h$ but an infrared-sensitive quantity that becomes
smaller and smaller by increasing the lattice size and may even vanish in the
infinite-volume limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126349 </DOCNO>
A Conservative Implementation of Shift Vectors in Spherically Symmetric


  We describe an implicit general relativistic hydrodynamics code. The
evolution equations are formulated in comoving coordinates. A conservative
finite differencing of the Einstein equations is outlined and artificial
viscosity and numerical diffusion are discussed. The time integration is
performed with AGILE, an implicit solver for stiff algebro-differential
equations on a dynamical adaptive grid. We extend the adaptive grid technique,
known from nonrelativistic hydrodynamics, to the general relativistic
application and identify it with the concept of shift vectors in a 3+1
decomposition. The adaptive grid minimizes the number of required computational
zones without compromising the resolution in physically important regions.
Thus, the computational effort is greatly reduced when the zones are subject to
computationally expensive additional processes, such as Boltzmann radiation
transport or a nuclear reaction network. We present accurate results in the
standard tests for supernova simulations: Sedov's point blast explosion, the
nonrelativistic and relativistic shock tube, the Oppenheimer-Snyder dust
collapse, and homologous collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98520 </DOCNO>
An interpretation of multiplier ideals via tight closure


  Hara and Smith independently proved that in a normal $\mQ$-Gorenstein ring of
characteristic $p \gg 0$, the test ideal coincides with the multiplier ideal
associated to the trivial divisor. We extend this result for a pair $(R,
\Delta)$ of a normal ring $R$ and an effective $\mQ$-Weil divisor $\Delta$ on
$\Spec R$. As a corollary, we obtain the equivalence of strongly F-regular
pairs and klt pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4837 </DOCNO>
Statistical Signatures of Photon Localization


  The realization that electron localization in disordered systems (Anderson
localization) is ultimately a wave phenomenon has led to the suggestion that
photons could be similarly localized by disorder. This conjecture attracted
wide interest because the differences between photons and electrons - in their
interactions, spin statistics, and methods of injection and detection - may
open a new realm of optical and microwave phenomena, and allow a detailed study
of the Anderson localization transition undisturbed by the Coulomb interaction.
To date, claims of three-dimensional photon localization have been based on
observations of the exponential decay of the electromagnetic wave as it
propagates through the disordered medium. But these reports have come under
close scrutiny because of the possibility that the decay observed may be due to
residual absorption, and because absorption itself may suppress localization.
Here we show that the extent of photon localization can be determined by a
different approach - measurement of the relative size of fluctuations of
certain transmission quantities. The variance of relative fluctuations
accurately reflects the extent of localization, even in the presence of
absorption. Using this approach, we demonstrate photon localization in both
weakly and strongly scattering quasi-one-dimensional dielectric samples and in
periodic metallic wire meshes containing metallic scatterers, while ruling it
out in three-dimensional mixtures of aluminum spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1019 </DOCNO>
Monitoring Single Scattering Events in Single Quantum Dots


  The quantum-jump approach is used for a theoretical description of resonance
luminescence from a {\em single} semiconductor quantum dot in contact with its
solid-state environment. For continuous excitation of the single-exciton
groundstate the luminescence exhibits bright periods, where photons are
spontaneously emitted from the exciton decay, which are interrupted by dark
periods when one electron or hole suffers a spin flip. It is shown that
continuously monitored resonance luminescence provides a very sensitive measure
of such rare single scattering events in quantum dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123737 </DOCNO>
The spectral characteristics of the 2dFGRS-NVSS galaxies


  We have analysed the 2dF spectra of a sample of galaxies common to the 2dF
galaxy redshift survey (2dFGRS, Colless 1999) and the NRAO VLA sky survey
(NVSS, Condon et al. 1998). Our sample comprises 88 galaxies selected by Sadler
et al. (1999) from 30 2dFGRS fields observed in 1998. In this paper we discuss
how this and future, much larger, samples of 2dFGRS-NVSS galaxies can be
interpreted via analysis of those galaxies with strong narrow emission lines.
Using diagnostic line ratio measurements we confirm the majority of the eyeball
classifications of Sadler et al. (1999), although many galaxies show evidence
of being `composite' galaxies - a mixture of AGN plus starburst components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150041 </DOCNO>
Observables as Twist Anomaly in Vacuum String Field Theory


  We reveal a novel mathematical structure in physical observables, the mass of
tachyon fluctuation mode and the energy density, associated with a classical
solution of vacuum string field theory constructed previously [hep-th/0108150].
We find that they are expressed in terms of quantities which apparently vanish
identically due to twist even-odd degeneracy of eigenvalues of a Neumann
coefficient matrix defining the three-string interactions. However, they can
give non-vanishing values because of the breakdown of the degeneracy at the
edge of the eigenvalue distribution. We also present a general prescription of
correctly simplifying the expressions of these observables. Numerical
calculation of the energy density following our prescription indicates that the
present classical solution represents the configuration of two D25-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40813 </DOCNO>
Photon Structure


  Measurements of di-jet production at HERA provide an important test of NLO
QCD calculations. It is also a source of information about partonic content of
the photon, complementary to the measurements in e+e- experiments. In this
article we review the status of the photon structutre studies with particular
emphasis on HERA measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76472 </DOCNO>
Molecular States and 1^-+ Exotic Mesons


  This work investigates whether the observed 1^-+ exotic mesons are molecular
states. We first use a potential model to calculate the spectra and lifetimes
of the f_0(980) and a_0(980), taken to be loosely bound molecular states of K
Kbar, then apply the same scenario to the 1^-+ exotic states pi_1(1400) and
pi_1(1600), assuming them to be pi eta(1295) and pi eta(1440) molecules
respectively. We derive the effective potential in the framework of field
theory at the hadronic level. Our results indicate that the present data on
pi_1(1400) and pi_1(1600) rule out the specific molecular ansatz. We show that
the lifetime of a loosely bound heavy-light molecule with enough angular
momentum is fully determined by the lifetimes of its constituent mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74972 </DOCNO>
Soft Color Enhancement of the Production of J/psi's by Neutrinos


  We calculate the production of J/psi mesons by neutrino-nucleon collisions in
fixed target experiments. Soft color, often referred to as color evaporation
effects, enhance production cross sections due to the contribution of color
octet states. Though still small, J/\psi production may be observable in
present and future experiments like NuTeV and muon colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3964 </DOCNO>
Transport and dynamics on open quantum graphs


  We study the classical limit of quantum mechanics on graphs by introducing a
Wigner function for graphs. The classical dynamics is compared to the quantum
dynamics obtained from the propagator. In particular we consider extended open
graphs whose classical dynamics generate a diffusion process. The transport
properties of the classical system are revealed in the scattering resonances
and in the time evolution of the quantum system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6553 </DOCNO>
Folding of a Small Helical Protein Using Hydrogen Bonds and


  A reduced protein model with five to six atoms per amino acid and five amino
acid types is developed and tested on a three-helix-bundle protein, a 46-amino
acid fragment from staphylococcal protein A. The model does not rely on the
widely used Go approximation where non-native interactions are ignored. We find
that the collapse transition is considerably more abrupt for the protein A
sequence than for random sequences with the same composition. The chain
collapse is found to be at least as fast as helix formation. Energy
minimization restricted to the thermodynamically favored topology gives a
structure that has a root-mean-square deviation of 1.8 A from the native
structure. The sequence-dependent part of our potential is pairwise additive.
Our calculations suggest that fine-tuning this potential by parameter
optimization is of limited use.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41027 </DOCNO>
Studies of Prototype CsI(Tl) Crystal Scintillators for Low-Energy


  Crystal scintillators provide potential merits for the pursuit of low-energy
low-background experiments. A CsI(Tl) scintillating crystal detector is being
constructed to study low-energy neutrino physics at a nuclear reactor, while
projects are underway to adopt this technique for dark matter searches. The
choice of the geometrical parameters of the crystal modules, as well as the
optimization of the read-out scheme, are the results of an R&D program.
Crystals with 40 cm in length were developed. The detector requirements and the
achieved performance of the prototypes are presented. Future prospects for this
technique are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128503 </DOCNO>
AST/RO: A Small Submillimeter Telescope at the South Pole


  Understanding of star formation in the Universe is advancing through
submillimeter-wave observations of the Milky Way and other galaxies.
Technological constraints on such observations require a mixture of telescope
sizes and observational techniques. For some purposes, small submillimeter-wave
telescopes are more sensitive than large ones. The Antarctic Submillimeter
Telescope and Remote Observatory (AST/RO) is a small, wide-field instrument
located at an excellent observatory site. By observing the Milky Way and
Magellanic Clouds at arcminute resolution, it provides a context for
interpreting observations of distant galaxies made by large interferometric
telescopes. AST/RO also provides hands-on training in submillimeter technology
and allows testing of novel detector systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127313 </DOCNO>
The Decline of the Source Population of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Their


  The source population of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) declines towards the present
epoch being consistent with the measured decline of the star formation rate. We
show this using the brightness distribution of 3255 long BATSE GRBs found in an
off-line scan of the BATSE continuous 1.024 s count rate records. The
significance of this conclusion is enhanced by the detection of three GRBs with
known redshifts brighter than 10^{52} erg/s during the last two years. This is
an argument in favor of the generally believed idea that GRBs are strongly
correlated with the star production, at least on cosmological time scales, and
favors the association of long GRBs with collapses of supermassive stars.
However, we still cannot rule out neutron star mergers if the typical delay
time for binary system evolution is relatively short. If we assume a steep
decline of the GRB population at z>1.5, then their luminosity function can be
clearly outlined. The luminosity function is close to a power law, dN/dL ~
L^{-1.4}, for low luminosities over at least 1.7 orders of magnitude. Then the
luminosity function breaks to a steeper slope or to an exponential decline
around L = 3*10^{51} erg/s in the 50-300 keV range assuming isotropic emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3621 </DOCNO>
Role of structural relaxations, chemical substitutions and polarization


  First-principles full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW)
calculations are performed to clarify the role of the interface geometry on
piezoelectric fields and on potential line-ups at the [0001]-wurtzite and
[111]-zincblende GaN/Al junctions. The electric fields (polarity and magnitude)
are found to be strongly affected by atomic relaxations in the interface
region. A procedure is tested to evaluate the Schottky barrier in the presence
of electric fields and used to show that their effect is quite small (a few
tenths of an eV). These calculations assess the rectifying behaviour of the
GaN/Al contact, giving very good agreement with experimental values for the
barrier. Stimulated by the complexity of the problem, we disentangle chemical
and structural effects on the relevant properties (such as the potential
discontinuity and electric fields) by studying auxiliary unrelaxed
nitride/metal systems. Focusing on simple electronegativity arguments, we
outline the leading mechanisms that result in the final values of the electric
fields and Schottky barriers in these ideal interfaces. Finally, the
transitivity rule in the presence of two inequivalent junctions is proved to
give reliable results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4234 </DOCNO>
Low Temperature Fabrication of MgB2


  We report the fabrication of MgB2 with bulk superconducting properties by
conventional solid state methods at temperatures as low as 550 C. Mg
deficiencies of the type Mg1-xB2 were tested. Tc was found to decrease by about
1K at large x, though the amount of non-stoichiometry, if any, is likely to be
very small. For specific processing conditions, indications of the 25-30 K
transition often seen in thin films were seen in the bulk materials. The lower
temperature transition may be associated with the grain boundaries. These
results indicate that it should be possible to fabricate MgB2 with bulk
properties in in-situ thin films at temperatures of 600 C or less.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7602 </DOCNO>
Critical nonlinear Schroedinger equations with and without harmonic


  We use a change of variables that turns the critical nonlinear Schroedinger
equation into the critical nonlinear Schroedinger equation with isotropic
harmonic potential, in any space dimension. This change of variables is
isometric on $L^2$, and bijective on some time intervals. Using the known
results for the critical nonlinear Schroedinger equation, this provides
information for the properties of Bose-Einstein condensate in space dimension
one and two. We discuss in particular the wave collapse phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 693 </DOCNO>
Molecular-dynamics thermal annealing model of laser ablation of silicon


  A molecular-dynamics thermal annealing model is proposed to investigate the
mechanisms involved in picosecond pulsed laser ablation of crystalline silicon.
In accordance with the thermal annealing model, a detailed description of the
microscopic processes which result from the interaction of a 308 nm, 10 ps,
Gaussian pulse with a Si(100) substrate has been embedded into a
molecular-dynamics scheme. This was accomplished by explicitly accounting for
carrier-phonon scattering and carrier diffusion. Below the predicted threshold
fluence for ablation, $F_{th}=0.25 \text{J/cm}^{2}$, a surface breathing mode
indicates that the solid restores internal equilibrium by the generation of
pressure waves. Above $F_{th}$, our simulations reveal that matter removal is
triggered by subsurface superheating effects: intense heating of the material
leads to the thermal confinement of the laser-deposited energy. As a result,
the material is overheated up to a temperature corresponding to the critical
point of silicon and a strong pressure gradient builds up within the absorbing
volume. At the same time, diffusion of the carriers into the bulk leads to the
development of a steep temperature gradient beneath the surface. Matter removal
is subsequently driven by the relaxation of the pressure gradient: large pieces
--- several atomic layers thick --- of molten material are expelled from the
surface with initial axial velocities of $\sim 1000 \text{m/s}$, their ejection
following the nucleation of voids beneath the surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75627 </DOCNO>
Are There Pressure Waves in the Vacuum?


  The Higgs vacuum is a kind of medium. In any medium one generally expects
sound waves for sufficiently long wavelengths (>> mean free path). I briefly
describe how the broken-symmetry vacuum can be viewed as a Bose-Einstein
condensate of `phion' particles. This picture yields a natural notion of the
`mean free path'. I speculate that this is at the millimeter-centimeter scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95422 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction from projections using dynamics: Non-Stochastic Case


  The problem of determining three-dimensional density fields from single
two-dimensional projections is hopelessly underdetermined without additional
assumptions. While parameterized inversions are typically used to solve this
problem, we present theoretical results along a different route to the
elimination of indeterminacy. Suppose that we have a series of N radiographs
measuring X-ray or proton attenuation through an evolving object at a sequence
of times. Suppose also that we know the deterministic dynamical laws governing
the evolution of the object we are probing with radiography. The these laws can
be used to combine the radiographs into one "super"-measurement which can then
be inverted to the object sequence. Now suppose the objects are points in $R^n$
and the radiographs are points in $R^d$. It would be expected that the best we
could do would be to get invertability when N = $\lceil n/d \rceil$. The worst
case is that we never get invertability. We look at both cases carefully for
linear dynamics. We show that dynamical laws giving this optimally short
invertibility time are generic. We then illustrate with numerical examples and
present a conjecture for the nonlinear case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2224 </DOCNO>
Langevin dynamics of financial systems: a second-order analysis


  We address the issue of stock market fluctuations within Langevin Dynamics
(LD) and the thermodynamics definitions of multifractality in order to study
its second-order characterization given by the analogous specific heat C_{q},
where q is an analogous temperature relating the moments of the generating
partition function for the financial data signals. Due to non-linear and
additive noise terms within the LD, we found that C_{q} can display a shoulder
to the right of its main peak as also found in the S&P500 historical data which
may resemble a classical phase transition at a critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148773 </DOCNO>
Poisson Structure and Moyal Quantisation of the Liouville Theory


  The symplectic and Poisson structures of the Liouville theory are derived
from the symplectic form of the SL(2,R) WZNW theory by gauge invariant
Hamiltonian reduction. Causal non-equal time Poisson brackets for a Liouville
field are presented. Using the symmetries of the Liouville theory, symbols of
chiral fields are constructed and their *-products calculated. Quantum
deformations consistent with the canonical quantisation result, and a non-equal
time commutator is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87135 </DOCNO>
Hawking Radiation of a Non-stationary Kerr-Newman Black Hole:


  Hawking evaporation of Klein-Gordon and Dirac particles in a non-stationary
Kerr-Newman space-time is investigated by using a method of generalized
tortoise coordinate transformation. The location and the temperature of the
event horizon of a non-stationary Kerr-Newman black hole are derived. It is
shown that the temperature and the shape of the event horizon depend not only
on the time but also on the angle. However, the Fermionic spectrum of Dirac
particles displays a new spin-rotation coupling effect which is absent from
that of Bosonic distribution of scalar particles. The character of this effect
is its obvious dependence on different helicity states of particles spin-1/2.
  PACS numbers: 04.70.Dy, 97.60.Lf

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96956 </DOCNO>
`Abstract' homomorphisms of l-adic Galois groups and Abelian varieties


  Let $k$ be a totally real field, and let $A/k$ be an absolutely irreducible,
polarized Abelian variety of odd, prime dimension whose endomorphisms are all
defined over $k$. Then the only strictly compatible families of abstract,
absolutely irreducible representations of $\gal(\ov{k}/k)$ coming from $A$ are
tensor products of Tate twists of symmetric powers of two-dimensional
$\lambda$-adic representations plus field automorphisms. The main ingredients
of the proofs are the work of Borel and Tits on the `abstract' homomorphisms of
almost simple algebraic groups, plus the work of Shimura on the fields of
moduli of Abelian varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169558 </DOCNO>
Experimental realization of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm using


  The number of steps any classical computer requires in order to find the
prime factors of an $l$-digit integer $N$ increases exponentially with $l$, at
least using algorithms known at present. Factoring large integers is therefore
conjectured to be intractable classically, an observation underlying the
security of widely used cryptographic codes. Quantum computers, however, could
factor integers in only polynomial time, using Shor's quantum factoring
algorithm. Although important for the study of quantum computers, experimental
demonstration of this algorithm has proved elusive. Here we report an
implementation of the simplest instance of Shor's algorithm: factorization of
${N=15}$ (whose prime factors are 3 and 5). We use seven spin-1/2 nuclei in a
molecule as quantum bits, which can be manipulated with room temperature liquid
state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. This method of using nuclei to
store quantum information is in principle scalable to many quantum bit systems,
but such scalability is not implied by the present work. The significance of
our work lies in the demonstration of experimental and theoretical techniques
for precise control and modelling of complex quantum computers. In particular,
we present a simple, parameter-free but predictive model of decoherence effects
in our system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127179 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Probes of The Halo Mass Function


  We explore the relationship between the mass function of CDM halos and
dynamical probes of the mass function such as the distribution of gravitational
lens separations and the local velocity function. The compression of galactic
halos by the cooling baryons, a standard component of modern models, leads to a
feature in the distribution of lens separations near 3 arcsec or in the
velocity function near 400 km/s. The two probes of the mass function, lens
separations and the local velocity function, are mutually consistent. Producing
the observed velocity function of galaxies or the separation distribution using
standard adiabatic compression models requires more cold baryons, an equivalent
cosmological density of Omega_b=0.02 compared to a total cosmological
Omega_b=0.04, than are observed in standard accountings of the baryonic content
of galaxies, Omega_b=0.006$, or our Galaxy, Omega_b<0.015. The requirement for
a higher cold baryon density than is usually assigned to galaxies appears to be
generic to models which use the standard adiabatic compression models for the
transformation of the CDM halo by the cooling baryons. If real, this dynamical
baryon discrepancy suggests either that we are neglecting half of the cold
baryonic mass in standard galactic models (e.g. a MACHO, cold molecular or warm
gas component), or that there is a problem with standard adiabatic compression
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41007 </DOCNO>
Theory and phenomenology of generalized parton distributions: a brief


  The generalized parton distributions are non-perturbative objects, which
encode information on long distance dynamics in a number of exclusive
processes. They are hybrids of conventional parton densities, distribution
amplitudes and hadron form factors. We give a brief review of theoretical
developments in understanding of their properties, higher order perturbative
effects, power corrections, and experimental observables where they are
accessible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4159 </DOCNO>
Two harmonically coupled Brownian particles in random media


  We study the behaviour of two Brownian particles coupled by an elastic
harmonic force in a quenched disordered medium. We found that to first order in
disorder strength, the relative motion weakens (with respect to the reference
state of a Brownian particle with the double mass) the effect of the quenched
forces on the centre of mass motion of the Brownian particles, so that the
motion will become less subdiffusive (superdiffusive) for potential
(solenoidal) disorder. The mean-square relative distance between the particles
behaves in a different way depending of whether the particles are free to move
or one particle is anchored in the space. While the effect of nonpotential
disorder consists in increasing the mean-square distance in both cases, the
potential disorder decreases the mean-square distance, when the particles are
free to move, and increases it when one particle is anchored in the space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149772 </DOCNO>
NS Open Strings with B Field and Their Interactions with NS Closed


  We consider interactions of a NS open string with first important states of a
NS closed string, i.e., a closed-string tachyon and a graviton, where both ends
of the NS open string are attached on a D-brane, and a constant background B
field is lying along directions parallel to the D-brane world volume. Contrary
to general expectations, there are no constraints on these vertex operators
coming from the B field. However, we point out that these vertex operators have
singularities at both ends of the NS open string when external momenta take
some values. These kinds of singularities essentially come from the Dirichlet
boundary conditions along directions transverse to the D-brane world volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99003 </DOCNO>
Singular Lagrangians in supermechanics


  The time evolution operator $K$ is introduced in the graded context and its
main properties are discussed. In particular, the operator $K$ is used to
analize the projectability of constraint functions arising in the Lagrangian
formalism for singular Lagrangians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72336 </DOCNO>
Reflection symmetry breaking scenarios with minimal gauge form coupling


  This article synthesises and extends recent work on the cosmological
consequences of dropping the usual Z_2 reflection symmetry postulate in brane
world scenarios. It is observed that for a cosmological model of homogeneous
isotropic type, the relevant generalised Birkhoff theorem establishing
staticity of the external vacuum in the maximally symmetric ``bulk'' outside a
freely moving world brane will remain valid for the case of motion that is
forced by minimal (generalised Wess Zumino type) coupling to an external
antisymmetric gauge field provided its kinetic action contribution has the
usual homogeneous quadratic form. This means that the geometry on each side of
the brane worldsheet will still be of the generalised Schwarzschild anti de
Sitter type. The usual first integrated Friedmann equation for the Hubble
expansion rate can thereby be straightforwardly generalised by inclusion of new
terms involving 2 extra parameters respectively measuring the strength of the
gauge coupling and the degree of deviation from reflection symmetry. Some
conceivable phenomenological implications are briefly outlined, and
corresponding limitations are derived for possible values of relevant
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98011 </DOCNO>
Infinitesimal perturbations of rational maps


  We analyze the infinitesimal effect of holomorphic perturbations of the
dynamics of a structurally stable rational map on a neighborhood of its Julia
set. This implies some restrictions on the behavior of critical points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95404 </DOCNO>
Projectivity criterion of Moishezon spaces and density of projective


  A singular Moishezon space is not projective even if it is Kaehler. This
paper gives a projectivity criterion for Kaehler Moishezon spaces. We shall use
this projectivity criterion to show the density of projective symplectic
varieties in the Kuranishi family of a (singular) symplectic variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74400 </DOCNO>
Unification without Unification


  The logarithmic running of the gauge couplings alpha_1, alpha_2 and alpha_3,
indicates that they may unify at some scale M_GUT ~ 10^16. This is often taken
to imply that the standard model gauge group is embedded into some larger
simple group in which quarks and leptons are placed in the same multiplet.
These models have generic features, such as proton decay, and generic problems,
namely the splitting of the Higgs doublet and triplet. Inspired by the recent
discusion of dimensional deconstruction, we propose an interesting alternative:
we postulate a strongly coupled SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1), which is not the remnant of a
GUT, and is Higgsed with a weakly coupled SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1), which is the
remnant of a GUT, or with a GUT group directly, into the diagonal subgroup. In
this ``collapsed GUT'' mechanism, unification of coupling constants in the low
energy theory is expected, but proton decay and the doublet/triplet splitting
problem are entirely absent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4622 </DOCNO>
Conductance structure in a one-dimensional quantum contact: dependence


  Very short quantum wires (quantum contacts) exhibit a conductance structure
at the value of conductance close to 0.7 x 2e^2/h. The structure was discovered
by Thomas et al (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 77}, 135 (1996)). Dependence of the
structure on the longitudinal magnetic field was studied in the same
experiment. This dependence has clearly demonstrated that the effect is related
to the electron spin. In the recent work (Sushkov, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 64},
(2001)) it was suggested that the effect is caused by the development of the
charge density wave within the contact. The many-body Hartree-Fock calculation
has confirmed the picture. The exchange electron-electron interaction is
crucial for this calculation, so in agreement with experiment the effect is
intrinsically related to the spin. However the dependence on the magnetic field
has not been calculated yet. In the present paper the many-body Hartree-Fock
calculation of conductance in the presence of the longitudinal magnetic field
is performed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148822 </DOCNO>
Ghost Tachyon Condensation, Brane-like States and Extra Time Dimension


  NSR superstring theory contains a tower of physical vertex operators
(brane-like states) which exist at non-zero pictures only, i.e. are essentially
mixed with superconformal ghosts. Some of these states are massless, they are
responsible for creating D-branes. Other states are tachyonic (called ghost
tachyons) creating a problem for the vacuum stability of the NSR model. In this
paper we explore the role played by these tachyonic states in string dynamics.
We show that the ghost tachyons condense on D-branes, created by massless
brane-like states. Thus the vacuum stability is achieved dynamically, as the
effective ghost tachyon potential exactly cancels the D-brane tension, in full
analogy with Sen's mechanism. As a result, from perturbative NSR model point of
view, massless and tachyonic brane-like states appear to live in a parallel
world, as the brane is screened by the tachyonic veil. We extend the analysis
to the brane-antibrane pair in AdS space and show that in this case due to the
effect of the ghost tachyon condensation one can construct extra
time-dimensional phenomenological models without tachyons and antibranes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148172 </DOCNO>
Confining Strings from $G_2$-holonomy spacetimes


  The low energy physics of M theory near certain singularities of
$G_2$-holonomy spacetimes can be described by pure N=1 super Yang-Mills theory
in four dimensions. In this note we consider the cases when the gauge group is
SO(2n), E6, E7 or E8. Confining strings with precisely the expected charges are
naturally identified in proposed ``gravity duals'' of these singular M theory
spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83959 </DOCNO>
Do Switching Costs Make Markets More or Less Competitive?: The Case of


  Do switching costs reduce or intensify price competition in markets where
firms charge the same price to old and new consumers? Theoretically, the answer
could be either "yes" or "no," due to two opposing incentives in firms' pricing
decisions. The firm would like to charge a higher price to previous purchasers
who are "locked-in" and a lower price to unattached consumers who offer higher
future profitability. I demonstrate this ambiguity in an infinite-horizon
theoretical model. 800- (toll-free) number portability provides empirical
evidence to answer this question. Before portability, a customer had to change
numbers to change service providers. This imposed significant switching costs
on users, who generally invested heavily to publicize these numbers. In May
1993 a new database made 800-numbers portable. This drop in switching costs and
regulations that precluded price discrimination between old and new consumers
provide an empirical test of switching costs' effect on price competition. I
use contracts for virtual private network (VPN) services to test how AT&T
adjusted its prices for toll-free services in response to portability.
Preliminarily (awaiting completion of data collection), I find that AT&T
reduced margins for VPN contracts containing toll-free services relative to
those that did not as the portability date approached. This implies that the
switching costs due to non-portability made the market less competitive. These
results suggest that, despite toll-free services growing rapidly during this
time period, AT&T's incentive to charge a higher price to "locked-in" consumers
exceeded its incentive to capture new consumers in the high switching costs era
of non-portability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2264 </DOCNO>
Magnetothemopower study of quasi two-dimensional organic conductor


  We have used a low-frequency magneto-thermopower (MTEP) method to probe the
high magnetic field ground state behavior of
$\alpha$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$KHg(SCN)$_4$ along all three principal crystallographic
axes at low temperatures. The thermopower tensor coefficients ($S_{xx}, S_{yx}$
and $S_{zz}$) have been measured to 30 T, beyond the anomalous low temperature,
field-induced transition at 22.5 T. We find a significant anisotropy in the
MTEP signal, and also observe large quantum oscillations associated with the de
Haas - van Alphen effect. The anisotropy indicates that the ground state
properties are clearly driven by mechanisms that occur along specific
directions for the in-plane electronic structure. Both transverse and
longitudinal magnetothermopower show asymptotic behavior in field, which can be
explained in terms of magnetic breakdown of compensated closed orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 751 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of resonant x-ray magnetic scattering in NiO


  We study the resonant x-ray magnetic scattering (RXMS) around the K edge of
Ni in the antiferromagnet NiO, by treating the 4p states of Ni as a band and
the 3d states as localized states. We propose a mechanism that the 4p states
are coupled to the magnetic order through the intra-atomic Coulomb interaction
between the 4p and the 3d states and through the p-d mixing to the 3d states of
neighboring Ni atoms. These couplings induce the orbital moment in the 4p band,
and thereby give rise to the RXMS intensity at the K edge in the dipolar
process. It is found that the spin-orbit interaction in the 4p band has
negligibly small contribution to the RXMS intensity. The present model
reproduces well the experimental spectra. We also discuss the azimuthal angle
dependence of the intensity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77092 </DOCNO>
QCD Corrections to B -> X_{d,s} nu nubar, B_{d,s} -> l^+l^-, K -> pi nu


  We compute for the first time QCD corrections to the rare decays B -> X_{d,s}
nu nubar, B_{d,s} -> l^+ l^-, K -> pi nu nubar and K_L -> mu^+ mu^-, where l=e
or mu, in the context of a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (SM)
with minimal flavour violation and new operators, in addition to those present
in the SM. Assuming that the gluino is heavy, we consider an effective theory
which consists of charged and neutral Higgs particles, charginos and squarks.
We evaluate the QCD corrections to box and Z^0-penguin diagrams with top-quark,
charged Higgs boson, chargino and squark exchanges, as well as to neutral Higgs
boson penguin diagrams. We provide a compendium of analytic formulae for the
Wilson coefficients, which are valid for arbitrary values of tan(beta) (the
ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs fields) except for the
case of the neutral Higgs-boson contributions. These contributions have been
obtained at large tan(beta), which may compensate for the inevitable
suppression by the masses of the light leptons in decays based on the b -> s
(d) l^+ l^- transition. We investigate the dependence of the various branching
ratios on the renormalization scale mu, which is the main theoretical
uncertainty in the short-distance calculation. We find that the mu dependence
of the branching ratios is considerably reduced once the QCD corrections are
taken into account. The contributions of new operators are found to be dominant
at large tan(beta) in B_{d,s} -> mu^+ mu^- while they are subleading in B ->
X_{d,s} nu nubar and completely negligible in kaon decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5677 </DOCNO>
Numerical Portrait of a Relativistic Thin Film BCS Superfluid


  We present results of numerical simulations of the 2+1d Nambu - Jona-Lasinio
model with a non-zero baryon chemical potential mu including the effects of a
diquark source term. Diquark condensates, susceptibilities and masses are
measured as functions of source strength j. The results suggest that diquark
condensation does not take place in the high density phase mu>mu_c, but rather
that the condensate scales non-analytically with j implying a line of critical
points and long range phase coherence. Analogies are drawn with the low
temperature phase of the 2d XY model. The spectrum of the spin-1/2 sector is
also studied yielding the quasiparticle dispersion relation. There is no
evidence for a non-zero gap; rather the results are characteristic of a normal
Fermi liquid with Fermi velocity less than that of light. We conclude that the
high density phase of the model describes a relativistic gapless thin film BCS
superfluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74066 </DOCNO>
On propagation of high-energy photon in a medium in presence of an


  The polarization tensor is calculated which originates from interaction of a
photon with the electron-positron field. The effects of multiple scattering of
electrons and positrons in a medium side by side with an external field are
included. The corresponding general representation of polarization tensor is
found in the form of two-dimentional integral. The both effects may be
essential for propagation of high-energy photons in oriented single crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96821 </DOCNO>
Relative Lefschetz Action and BPS State Counting


  In this paper, we propose a mathematical definition of a new ``numerical
invariants" of Calabi--Yau 3-folds from stable sheaves of dimension one, which
is motivated by the Gopakumar-Vafa conjecture in M-theory. Moreover, we show
that for any projective morphism $f:X -> Y$ of normal projective varieties,
there exists a natural $sl_2 \times sl_2$ action on the intersection cohomology
group $IH(X, \Q)$ which fits into the perverse Leray spectral sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40897 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of the Branching Fraction for the Inclusive B --> X(s)


  We have measured the branching fraction of the inclusive radiative B meson
decay B --> X(s) gamma to be Br(B->X(s)gamma)=(3.36 +/- 0.53(stat) +/-
0.42(sys) +0.50-0.54(th)) x 10^{-4}.
  The result is based on a sample of 6.07 x 10^6 BBbar events collected at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e^+e^-
storage ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149497 </DOCNO>
Large-N behaviors of the IIB matrix model and the regularized Schild


  We evaluate $N$ dependences of correlation functions in the bosonic part of
the IIB matrix model by the Monte Carlo method. We also evaluate those in two
sorts of regularized Schild models and find that the $N$ dependences are
different from those in the matrix model. In particular, the distribution of
the eigenvalues are logarithmically divergent in the regularized Schild model
when $g^2N$ is fixed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97739 </DOCNO>
Transience of second-class particles and diffusive bounds for additive


  Consider a one-dimensional exclusion process with finite-range
translation-invariant jump rates with non-zero drift. Let the process be
stationary with product Bernoulli invariant distribution at density \rho. Place
a second class particle initially at the origin. For the case \rho different
from 1/2 we show that the time spent by the second class particle at the origin
has finite expectation. This strong transience is then used to prove that
variances of additive functionals of local mean-zero functions are diffusive
when \rho is not 1/2. As a corollary to previous work, we deduce the invariance
principle for these functionals. The main arguments are comparisons of H_{-1}
norms, a large deviation estimate for second-class particles, and a relation
between occupation times of second-class particles and additive functional
variances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150306 </DOCNO>
From noncommutative space-time to quantum relativistic symmetries with


  We consider the simplest class of Lie-algebraic deformations of space-time
algebra, with the selection of $\kappa$-deformations as providing quantum
deformation of relativistic framework. We recall that the $\kappa$-deformation
along any direction in Minkowski space can be obtained. Some problems of the
formalism of $\kappa$-deformations will be considered. We shall comment on the
conformal extension of light-like $\kappa$-deformation as well as on the
applications to astrophysical problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169093 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and the factorization-approximation


  For a bi-partite quantum system defined in a finite dimensional Hilbert space
we investigate in what sense entanglement change and interactions imply each
other. For this purpose we introduce an entanglement operator, which is then
shown to represent a non-conserved property for any bi-partite system and any
type of interaction. This general relation does not exclude the existence of
special initial product states, for which the entanglement remains small over
some period of time, despite interactions. For this case we derive an
approximation to the full Schroedinger equation, which allows the treatment of
the composite systems in terms of product states. The induced error is
estimated. In this factorization-approximation one subsystem appears as an
effective potential for the other. A pertinent example is the Jaynes-Cummings
model, which then reduces to the semi-classical rotating wave approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40739 </DOCNO>
Observation of exotic meson production in the reaction $ \pi^{-} p \to


  An amplitude analysis of an exclusive sample of 5765 events from the reaction
$\pi^{-} p \to \eta^{\prime} \pi^- p$ at 18 GeV/c is described. The
$\eta^{\prime} \pi^-$ production is dominated by natural parity exchange and by
three partial waves: those with $J^{PC} = 1^{-+}, 2^{++},$ and $4^{++}$. A
mass-dependent analysis of the partial-wave amplitudes indicates the production
of the $a_2(1320)$ meson as well as the $a_4(2040)$ meson, observed for the
first time decaying to $\eta^{\prime}\pi^-$. The dominant, exotic
(non-$q\bar{q}) $ $1^{-+}$ partial wave is shown to be resonant with a mass of
$1.597 \pm 0.010^{+0.045}_{-0.010}$ GeV/c^2 and a width of $0.340 \pm 0.040 \pm
0.050$ GeV/c^2 . This exotic state, the $\pi_1(1600)$, is produced with a $t$
dependence which is different from that of the $a_2(1320)$ meson, indicating
differences between the production mechanisms for the two states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124010 </DOCNO>
BATSE Observations of Fast X-ray Transients Detected by BeppoSAX-WFC


  The BeppoSAX Wide Field Cameras have been successful in detecting gamma-ray
bursts in the 2--26 keV energy range. While most detected bursts are also
strong emitters at higher energies, a significant fraction have anomalously low
gamma-ray flux. The nature of these "Fast X-ray Transients" (FXTs), and their
relation to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), is unknown. We use BATSE untriggered
continuous data to examine the >20 keV gamma-ray properties of the events
detected in common with BeppoSAX. Temporal and spectral characteristics, such
as peak flux, fluence, duration, and spectrum are compared to the full
population of triggered BATSE GRBs. We find that FXTs have softer spectra than
most triggered bursts, but that they are consistent with the extrapolated
hardness expected for low-intensity GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123598 </DOCNO>
Episodic accretion in magnetically layered protoplanetary discs


  We study protoplanetary disc evolution assuming that angular momentum
transport is driven by gravitational instability at large radii, and
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the hot inner regions. At radii of the
order of 1 AU such discs develop a magnetically layered structure, with
accretion occurring in an ionized surface layer overlying quiescent gas that is
too cool to sustain MHD turbulence. We show that layered discs are subject to a
limit cycle instability, in which accretion onto the protostar occurs in bursts
with an accretion rate of 10^{-5} solar masses / yr, separated by quiescent
intervals where the accretion rate is 10^{-8} solar masses / yr. Such bursts
could lead to repeated episodes of strong mass outflow in Young Stellar
Objects. The transition to this episodic mode of accretion occurs at an early
epoch (t < 1 Myr), and the model therefore predicts that many young
pre-main-sequence stars should have low rates of accretion through the inner
disc. At ages of a few Myr, the discs are up to an order of magnitude more
massive than the minimum mass solar nebula, with most of the mass locked up in
the quiescent layer of the disc at around 1 AU. The predicted rate of low mass
planetary migration is reduced at the outer edge of the layered disc, which
could lead to an enhanced probability of giant planet formation at radii of 1-3
AU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96646 </DOCNO>
Complex cobordism of involutions


  We give a simple and explicit presentation of the Z/2-equivariant complex
cobordism ring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123842 </DOCNO>
Low energy measurement of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B cross section


  We have measured the cross section of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction for E_cm =
185.8 keV, 134.7 keV and 111.7 keV using a radioactive 7Be target (132 mCi).
Single and coincidence spectra of beta^+ and alpha particles from 8B and 8Be^*
decay, respectively, were measured using a large acceptance spectrometer. The
zero energy S factor inferred from these data is 18.5 +/- 2.4 eV b and a
weighted mean value of 18.8 +/- 1.7 eV b (theoretical uncertainty included) is
deduced when combining this value with our previous results at higher energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95962 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic rank and subexponential corank of metric spaces


  We introduce a new quasi-isometry invariant $\subcorank X$ of a metric space
$X$ called {\it subexponential corank}. A metric space $X$ has subexponential
corank $k$ if roughly speaking there exists a continuous map $g:X\to T$ such
that for each $t\in T$ the set $g^{-1}(t)$ has subexponential growth rate in
$X$ and the topological dimension $\dim T=k$ is minimal among all such maps.
Our main result is the inequality $\hyprank X\le\subcorank X$ for a large class
of metric spaces $X$ including all locally compact Hadamard spaces, where
$\hyprank X$ is maximal topological dimension of $\di Y$ among all $\CAT(-1)$
spaces $Y$ quasi-isometrically embedded into $X$ (the notion introduced by
M. Gromov in a slightly stronger form). This proves several properties of
$\hyprank$ conjectured by M. Gromov, in particular, that any Riemannian
symmetric space $X$ of noncompact type possesses no quasi-isometric embedding
$\hyp^n\to X$ of the standard hyperbolic space $\hyp^n$ with $n-1>\dim X-\rank
X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127570 </DOCNO>
Empirical calibration of the near-IR Ca II triplet - II. The stellar


  We present an homogeneous set of stellar atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g,
[Fe/H]) for a sample of about 700 field and cluster stars which constitute a
new stellar library in the near-infrared developed for stellar population
synthesis in this spectral region (8350-9020 Angstrom). Having compiled the
available atmospheric data in the literature for field stars, we have found
systematic deviations between the atmospheric parameters from different
bibliographic references. The Soubiran, Katz & Cayrel (1998) sample of stars
with very well determined fundamental parameters has been taken as our standard
reference system, and other papers have been calibrated and bootstrapped
against it. The obtained transformations are provided in this paper. Once most
of the datasets were on the same system, final parameters were derived by
performing error weighted means. Atmospheric parameters for cluster stars have
also been revised and updated according to recent metallicity scales and
colour-temperature relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1260 </DOCNO>
Capillary to bulk crossover of nonequilibrium fluctuations in the free


  We have studied the nonequilibrium fluctuations occurring at the interface
between two miscible phases of a near-critical binary mixture during a free
diffusion process. The small-angle static scattered intensity is the
superposition of nonequilibrium contributions due to capillary waves and to
bulk fluctuations. A linearized hydrodynamics description of the fluctuations
allows us to isolate the two contributions, and to determine an effective
surface tension for the nonequilibrium interface. As the diffuse interface
thickness increases, we observe the cross-over of the capillary-wave
contribution to the bulk one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96340 </DOCNO>
Tracking eigenvalues to the frontier of moduli space II: Limits for


  We prove the existence of limits of real-analytic Laplace eigenvalue branches
for real-analytic families of metrics that degenerate along a compact
hypersurface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81101 </DOCNO>
Chirality Correlation within Dirac Eigenvectors from Domain Wall


  In the dilute instanton gas model of the QCD vacuum, one expects a strong
spatial correlation between chirality and the maxima of the Dirac eigenvectors
with small eigenvalues. Following Horvath, {\it et al.} we examine this
question using lattice gauge theory within the quenched approximation. We
extend the work of those authors by using weaker coupling, $\beta=6.0$, larger
lattices, $16^4$, and an improved fermion formulation, domain wall fermions. In
contrast with this earlier work, we find a striking correlation between the
magnitude of the chirality density, $|\psi^\dagger(x)\gamma^5\psi(x)|$, and the
normal density, $\psi^\dagger(x)\psi(x)$, for the low-lying Dirac eigenvectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5157 </DOCNO>
Continuum spin excitations in S=1 one-dimensional antiferromagnet


  We present detailed measurement of the non-hydrodynamic part of the spin
excitation spectrum in the model quasi-1D S=1 antiferromagnet CsNiCl3 by
inelastic magnetic neutron scattering. In the better part of the Brillouin zone
the effect of the inter-chain coupling is negligible, and spin dynamics
reflects that of a single Haldane chain. We find that at q ~< 0.6pi this
quantum spin system ceases to support coherent propagating excitation, which
gradually turns into a continuum band of states, whose width grows with
decreasing q. This finding is consistently verified under different resolution
conditions, obtained with two different high-luminosity experimental setups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126159 </DOCNO>
The colour magnitude relation for galaxies in the Coma cluster


  We present a new photometric catalogue of the Coma galaxy cluster in the
Johnson U- and V- bands. We cover an area of 3360arcmin2 of sky, to a depth of
V=20 mag in a 13 arcsec diameter aperture, and produce magnitudes for ~1400
extended objects in metric apertures from 8.8 to 26arcsec diameters. The mean
internal RMS scatter in the photometry is 0.014 mag in V, and 0.026 mag in U,
for V13 < 17 mag.
  We place new limits on the levels of scatter in the colour--magnitude
relation (CMR) in the Coma cluster, and investigate how the slope and scatter
of the CMR depends on galaxy morphology, luminosity and position within the
cluster. As expected, the lowest levels of scatter are found in the elliptical
galaxies, while the late type galaxies have the highest numbers of galaxies
bluewards of the CMR. We investigate whether the slope of the CMR is an
artifact of colour gradients within galaxies and, show that it persists when
the colours are measured within a diameter that scales with galaxy size.
Looking at the environmental dependence of the CMR, we find a trend of
systematically bluer galaxy colours with increasing projected cluster-centric
radius which we associate with a gradient in the mean galactic ages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5492 </DOCNO>
Self Injection length in La0.7 Ca0.3 Mno3-YBa 2Cu3O7-d ferromagnet-


  We have carried out extensive studies on the self-injection problem in
barrierless heterojunctions between La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO) and YBa2Cu3O7-d
(YBCO). The heterojunctions were grown in situ by sequentially growing LCMO and
YBCO films on <100> LaAlO3 (LAO) substrate using a pulsed laser deposition
(PLD) system. YBCO micro-bridges with 64 microns width were patterned both on
the LAO (control) and LCMO side of the substrate. Critical current, Ic, was
measured at 77K on both the control side as well as the LCMO side for different
YBCO film thickness. It was observed that while the control side showed a Jc of
~2 x 10E6 A/ cm2 the LCMO side showed about half the value for the same
thickness (1800 A). The difference in Jc indicates that a certain thickness of
YBCO has become 'effectively' normal due to self-injection. From the
measurement of Jc at two different thickness' (1800 A and 1500 A) of YBCO both
on the LAO as well as the LCMO side, the value of self-injection length (at
77K) was estimated to be ~900 A self-injection length has been quantified. A
control experiment carried out with LaNiO3 deposited by PLD on YBCO did not
show any evidence of self-injection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73494 </DOCNO>
Axions and a Gauged Peccei-Quinn Symmetry


  The axion solution to the strong CP problem requires an anomalous global U(1)
symmetry. We show that the existence of such a symmetry is a natural
consequence of an extra dimension in which a gauged U(1) is spontaneously
broken on one of two branes, leaving an accidental global symmetry on the other
brane. Depending on where the standard model matter lives, the resulting axion
can be either the DFSZ or hadronic type. Gaugino-mediated supersymmetry
breaking fits comfortably in our framework. In addition, we present a model in
which the supersymmetry-breaking and Peccei-Quinn breaking scales are naturally
of the same size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148668 </DOCNO>
Gravitating monopoles in SU(3) gauge theory


  We consider the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs equations for an SU(3) gauge group
in a spherically symmetric ansatz. Several properties of the gravitating
monopole solutions are obtained an compared with their SU(2) counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75092 </DOCNO>
Further evidences for a generic Universe


  Recently it was argued that an inflationary potential yielding power spectra
characterized by a scale-invariant tensorial spectral index and a weakly
scale-dependent scalar spectral index might account for a generic large-scale
structure formation in the multiverses scenario of eternal inflation. Here it
is shown that this statement remains true if the tensorial index is allowed to
slowly vary in a wide range of angular scales. In the cases analyzed in this
paper, the scalar index also slightly depends on the scales. Therefore, the
production of closely resembling each other universes seems to be a common
feature of inflationary scenarios with weakly scale-dependent spectral indices.
With power-law inflation as the extreme case, this is the class of scenarios
which may give the best fit to near future CMB observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179669 </DOCNO>
Recent progress in pion photo- and electroproduction analysis


  Pion photo- and electroproduction has been studied at threshold and in the
resonance region below W=2GeV. At threshold pi^0 production can be very well
explained within a dynamical model derived from an effective chiral Lagrangian.
The final state interaction is nearly saturated by single charge exchange
rescattering. In the resonance region new electroproduction data at Q^2=1GeV^2
has been analyzed with MAID and longitudinal and transverse photon helicity
amplitudes have been determined for different resonances. A detailed study of
the E/M and S/M ratios of the N->Delta transition shows a zero crossing of REM
near Q^2=4GeV^2, whereas the RSM becomes increasingly negative at large Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126135 </DOCNO>
A complete sample of Seyfert galaxies selected at 1/4 keV


  We have used the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue to extract a complete sample
of sources selected in the band from 0.1-0.4 keV. This 1/4 keV-selected sample
is comprised of 54 Seyfert galaxies, 25 BL Lacertae objects, 4 clusters and 27
Galactic stars or binaries. Seyfert-type galaxies with ``ultrasoft'' X-ray
spectra can very often be classed optically as Narrow-line Seyfert 1s (NLS1s).
Such objects are readily detected in 1/4 keV surveys; the sample reported here
contains 20 NLS1s, corresponding to a 40% fraction of the Seyferts. Optical
spectra of the Seyfert galaxies were gathered for correlative analysis, which
confirmed the well-known relations between X-ray slope and optical spectral
properties (e.g., [O III]/H-beta ratio; Fe II strength, H-beta width). The
various intercorrelations are most likely driven, fundamentally, by the shape
of the photoionising continuum in Seyfert nuclei. We argue that a steep X-ray
spectrum is a better indicator of an ``extreme'' set of physical properties in
Seyfert galaxies than is the narrowness of the optical H-beta line. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75584 </DOCNO>
A statistical approach for polarized parton distributions


  A global next-to-leading order QCD analysis of unpolarized and polarized
deep-inelastic scattering data is performed with parton distributions
constructed in a statistical physical picture of the nucleon. The chiral
properties of QCD lead to strong relations between quarks and antiquarks
distributions and the importance of the Pauli exclusion principle is also
emphasized. We obtain a good description, in a broad range of $x$ and $Q^2$, of
all measured structure functions in terms of very few free parameters. We
stress the fact that at RHIC-BNL the ratio of the unpolarized cross sections
for the production of $W^+$ and $W^-$ in $pp$ collisions, will directly probe
the behavior of the $\bar d(x) / \bar u(x)$ ratio for $x \geq 0.2$, a definite
and important test for the statistical model. Finally, we give specific
predictions for various helicity asymmetries for the $W^{\pm}, Z$ production in
$pp$ collisions at high energies, which will be measured with forthcoming
experiments at RHIC-BNL and are sensitive tests of the statistical model for
$\Delta \bar u(x)$ and $\Delta \bar d(x)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127571 </DOCNO>
Rotational Studies of Late-Type Stars. VII. M34 (NGC 1039) and the


  We analyze Keck Hires observations of rotation in F, G, and K dwarf members
of the open cluster M34 (NGC 1039), which is 250 Myr old, and we compare them
to the Pleiades, Hyades, and NGC 6475. The upper bound to rotation seen in M34
is about a factor of two lower than for the 100 Myr-old Pleiades, but most M34
stars are well below this upper bound, and it is the overall convergence in
rotation rates that is most striking. A few K dwarfs in M34 are still rapid
rotators, suggesting that they have undergone core-envelope decoupling,
followed by replenishment of surface angular momentum from an internal
reservoir. Our comparison of rotation in these clusters indicates that the time
scale for the coupling of the envelope to the core must be close to 100 Myr if
decoupling does, in fact, occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129591 </DOCNO>
Harmonic analysis of cosmic microwave background data II: from ring-sets


  Despite the fact that the physics of the cosmic microwave background
anisotropies is most naturally expressed in Fourier space, pixelised maps are
almost always used in the analysis and simulation of microwave data. A
complementary approach is investigated here, in which maps are used only in the
visualisation of the data, and the temperature anisotropies and polarization
are only ever expressed in terms of their spherical multipoles. This approach
has a number of advantages: there is no information loss (assuming a
band-limited observation); deconvolution of asymmetric beam profiles and the
temporal response of the instrument are naturally included; correlated noise
can easily be taken into account, removing the need for additional destriping;
polarization is also analysed in the same framework; and reliable estimates of
the spherical multipoles of the sky and their errors are obtained directly for
subsequent component separation and power spectrum estimation. The formalism
required to analyse experiments which survey the full sky by scanning on
circles is derived here, with particular emphasis on the Planck mission. A
number of analytical results are obtained in the limit of simple scanning
strategies. Although there are non-trivial computational obstacles to be
overcome before the techniques described here can be implemented at high
resolution, if these can be overcome the method should allow for a more robust
return from the next generation of full-sky microwave background experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5126 </DOCNO>
Theory of ARPES intensities from the CuO$_2$ plane


  We present a theory for the photon energy and polarization dependence of
ARPES intensities from the CuO$_2$ plane in the framework of strong correlation
models. We show that for electric field vector in the CuO$_2$ plane the
`radiation characteristics' of the $O$ $2p_\sigma$ and $Cu$ $3d_{x^2-y^2}$
orbitals are strongly peaked along the CuO$_2$ plane, i.e. most photoelectrons
are emitted at grazing angles. This suggests that surface states play an
important role in the observed ARPES spectra, consistent with recent data from
Sr$_2$CuCl$_2$O$_2$. We show that a combination of surface state dispersion and
Fano resonance between surface state and the continuum of LEED-states may
produce a precipitous drop in the observed photoelectron current as a function
of in-plane momentum, which may well mimic a Fermi-surface crossing. This
effect may explain the simultaneous `observation' of a hole-like and an
electron-like Fermi surfaces in Bi2212 at different photon energies. We show
that by suitable choice of photon polarization one can on one hand `focus' the
radiation characteristics of the in-plane orbitals towards the detector and on
the other hand make the interference between partial waves from different
orbitals `more constructive'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96000 </DOCNO>
Smooth geometric evolutions of hypersurfaces


  We consider the gradient flow of hypersurfaces immersed in the Euclidean
space associated to geometric energy functionals.
  We show that for particular functionals depending by higher covariant
derivatives of the curvature, singularities in finite time cannot occur during
the evolution.
  Such geometric functionals are related to similar ones proposed by Ennio De
Giorgi, who conjectured for them an analogous regularity result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1102 </DOCNO>
Transport coefficients at Metastable Densities from models of


  In the present work we compute the enhancement in the long time transport
coefficients due to correlated motion of fluid particles at high density. The
fully wave vecor dependent extended mode coupling model is studied with the
inclusion of an additional slow variable of the defect density for the
amorphous system.
 We use the extremely slow relaxation of the density correlation function
observed in the light scattering experiments on colloids to estimate the input
parameters for the model The ratio of long time to short time diffusion
coefficient is studied around the the peak of the structure factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149481 </DOCNO>
Quantum Many--Body Problems and Perturbation Theory


  We show that the existence of algebraic forms of exactly-solvable $A-B-C-D$
and $G_2, F_4$ Olshanetsky-Perelomov Hamiltonians allow to develop the {\it
algebraic} perturbation theory, where corrections are computed by pure
algebraic means. A classification of perturbations leading to such a
perturbation theory based on representation theory of Lie algebras is given. In
particular, this scheme admits an explicit study of anharmonic many-body
problems. Some examples are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168758 </DOCNO>
Fidelity and the communication of quantum information


  We compare and contrast the error probability and fidelity as measures of the
quality of the receiver's measurement strategy for a quantum communications
system. The error probability is a measure of the ability to retrieve {\it
classical} information and the fidelity measures the retrieval of {\it quantum}
information. We present the optimal measurement strategies for maximising the
fidelity given a source that encodes information on the symmetric qubit-states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2152 </DOCNO>
Influence of vortices on the magnetic resonance in cuprate


  We investigate several theoretical possibilities for the suppression in a
c-axis magnetic field of the magnetic resonance recently observed in inelastic
neutron scattering experiments on YBCO_{6.6}. We find that neither the Doppler
shift of the quasiparticle states caused by supercurrents outside the vortex
core, nor an assumed spatially uniform suppression of the coherence factors or
spectral gap due to the applied field, can account for the observed effect. In
contrast, suppressing the gap or the coherence factors in the vortex core to
zero is consistent with the data. We demonstrate that an even simpler
description of the data can be achieved by assuming that the resonance is not
supported within an effective radius xi_{eff} around each vortex, where
xi_{eff} is the sum of the superconducting and spin-spin correlation lengths.
We use this simple idea to predict the doping dependence of the field
suppression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95940 </DOCNO>
Skein theory and the Murphy operators


  The Murphy operators in the Hecke algebra H_n of type A are explicit
commuting elements whose sum generates the centre. They can be represented by
simple tangles in the Homfly skein theory version of H_n.
 In this paper I present a single tangle which represents their sum, and which
is obviously central. As a consequence it is possible to identify a natural
basis for the Homfly skein of the annulus, C.
  Symmetric functions of the Murphy operators are also central in H_n. I define
geometrically a homomorphism from C to the centre of each algebra H_n, and find
an element in C, independent of n, whose image is the m-th power sum of the
Murphy operators. Generating function techniques are used to describe images of
other elements of C in terms of the Murphy operators, and to demonstrate
relations among other natural skein elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168384 </DOCNO>
Law of Excluded Quantum Gambling Strategies


  We introduce and analyze a quantum analogue of the Law of Excluded Gambling
Strategies of Classical Decision Theory by the definition of different kind of
quantum casinos. The necessity of keeping into account entaglement (by the way
we give a staightforward generalization of Schmidt's entanglement measure)
forces us to adopt the general algebraic language of Quantum Probability Theory
whose essential points are reviewed. The Mathematica code of two packages
simulating, respectively, classical and quantum gambling is included. The deep
link existing between the censorship of winning quantum gambling strategies and
the central notion of Quantum Algorithmic Information Theory, namely quantum
algorithmic randomness (by the way we introduce and discard the naive
noncommutative generalization of the original Kolmogorov definition), is
analyzed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87270 </DOCNO>
Determination of Cosmological Constant from Gauge Theory of Gravity


  Combining general relativity and gravitational gauge theory, the cosmological
constant is determined theoretically. The cosmological constant is related to
the average vacuum energy of gravitational gauge field. Because the vacuum
energy of gravitational gauge field is negative, the cosmological constant is
positive, which generates repulsive force on stars to make the expansion rate
of the Universe accelerated. A rough estimation of it gives out its magnitude
of the order of $10^{-52} m^{-2}$, which is well constant with experimental
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77121 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy with Late Time Entropy Production


  We discuss effects of cosmological moduli fields on the cosmic microwave
background (CMB). If a modulus field \phi once dominates the universe, the CMB
we observe today is from the decay of \phi and its anisotropy is affected by
the primordial fluctuation in the amplitude of the modulus field. As a result,
constraints on the inflaton potential from the CMB anisotropy can be relaxed.
In addition, with the cosmological moduli fields, correlated mixture of
adiabatic and isocurvature fluctuations may be generated, which results in
enhanced CMB angular power spectrum at higher multipoles relative to that of
lower ones. Such an enhancement can be an evidence of late time entropy
production due to the cosmological moduli fields, and may be observed at
on-going and future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98621 </DOCNO>
Tracial invariants, classification and II_1 factor representations of


  Using various finite dimensional approximation properties, four convex
subsets of the tracial space of a unital C*-algebra are defined. Applications
of these tracial invariants include: (1) An analogue of Szego's limit theorem
for arbitrary self adjoint operators. (2) A McDuff factor embeds into the
ultrapower of the hyperfinite II_1 factor if and only if it contains a weakly
dense operator system which is injective. (3) There exists a simple,
quasidiagonal, real rank zero C*-algebra with non-hyperfinite II_1 factor
representations and which is not tracially AF. This answers negatively
questions of Sorin Popa and, respectively, Huaxin Lin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86551 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Poynting Vector and Gravitational Larmor Theorem in


  The gravitational Poynting vector provides a mechanism for the transfer of
gravitational energy to a system of falling objects. In the following we will
show that the gravitational poynting vector together with the gravitational
Larmor theorem also provides a mechanism to explain how massive bodies acquire
rotational kinetic energy when external mechanical forces are applied on them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97553 </DOCNO>
The Homfly polynomial of the decorated Hopf link


  The main goal is to find the Homfly polynomial of a link formed by decorating
each component of the Hopf link with the closure of a directly oriented tangle.
Such decorations are spanned in the Homfly skein of the annulus by elements
Q_\lambda, depending on partitions \lambda. We show how to find the 2-variable
Homfly invariant <\lambda,\mu> of the Hopf link arising from decorations
Q_\lambda and Q_\mu in terms of the Schur symmetric function s_\mu of an
explicit power series depending on \lambda. We show also that the quantum
invariant of the Hopf link coloured by irreducible sl(N)_q modules V_\lambda
and V_\mu, which is a 1-variable specialisation of <\lambda,\mu>, can be
expressed in terms of an N x N minor of the Vandermonde matrix (q^{ij}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95943 </DOCNO>
The Darboux Transform and some Integrable cases of the q-Riccati


  Using the q-version of the Darboux transform we obtain the general solution
of q-difference Riccati equation from a special one by the action of
one-parameter group. This allows us to construct the solutions for the latge
class of q-difference Riccati equations as well as q-difference Schrodinger
equations

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113432 </DOCNO>
An Ab Initio Study of the Structures and Relative Stabilities of Doubly


  We present ab initio perturbed ion calculations on the structures and
relative stabilities of doubly charged [(NaCl)_m(Na)_2]2+ cluster ions. The
obtained stabilities show excellent agreement with experimental abundances
obtained from mass spectra. Those enhanced stabilities are found to be a
consequence of highly compact structures that can be built only for certain
values of m. Nearly all magic number clusters can be shown to be constructed in
one of the two following ways: (a) by adding tri- or penta-atomic chains to two
edges of a perfect neutral (NaCl)_n cuboid, with n=m-2 or n=m-4, respectively;
(b) by removing a chloride anion from a perfect singly charged (NaCl)_nNa+
cuboid, with n=m+1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6914 </DOCNO>
An Intrinsic Tendency of Electronic Phase Separation into Two


  The effect of hydrostatic pressure up to 2 GPa on the superconductiong
transitions in La{2-x}Sr{x}CuO{4+delta} is investigated. The ambient and high
pressure properties of two series of samples with x=0 and x=0.015 and
0<delta<0.1 are characterized and compared by ac-susceptibility measurements.
At ambient pressure both sets of samples fit into the same phase diagram as a
function of the total hole concentration, n_h. For n_h<0.085 there is a single
superconducting transition (T_{c} approx 30 K) with an unusually large pressure
coefficient, dT_c{30}/dp approx 10K/GPa. At higher hole density (n_h>0.085) a
second superconducting transition (T_{c} approx 15 K) follows the first
transition upon cooling and the pressure shift of this transition is negative,
dT_c{15}/dp approx -4 K/GPa. At the boundary as the hole density is close to
0.085 the phase separation can be induced by pressure. The results are
explained in terms of a strong correlation of the interstitial oxygen with the
hole system in the CuO-planes. Pressure, applied at ambient temperature, causes
a redistribution of holes. The mobile oxygen dopants follow and enhance T_c as
well as the tendency to phase separation. If pressure is changed at low
temperature (<100 K) the effects on T_c and phase separations are greatly
diminished because the interstitial oxygen becomes immobile at low T. Our
results indicate that the dopant effects are important. Dopants and holes
should be treated as a single globally correlated state. When thermodynamic
euqilibrium is achieved in the soft-doping samples, we find that there is an
intrinsic tendency of electronic phase separation of doped holes into two
distinct superconducting states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75054 </DOCNO>
Flavour symmetry breaking in the polarized nucleon sea


  After a brief review on flavour symmetry breaking (FSB) in the unpolarized
nucleon sea, we discuss theoretical predications for FSB in the polarized
nucleon sea from meson cloud and `Pauli blocking'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 79 </DOCNO>
Memory effects in response functions of driven vortex matter


  Vortex flow in driven type II superconductors shows strong memory and history
dependent effects. Here, we study a schematic microscopic model of driven
vortices to propose a scenario for a broad set of these kind of phenomena
ranging from ``rejuvenation'' and ``stiffening'' of the system response, to
``memory'' and ``irreversibility'' in I-V characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128438 </DOCNO>
High-Mass Proto-Stellar Candidates - I : The Sample and Initial Results


  We describe a systematic program aimed at identifying and characterizing
candidate high-mass proto-stellar objects (HMPOs). Our candidate sample
consists of 69 objects selected by criteria based on those established by
Ramesh & Sridharan (1997) using far-infrared, radio-continuum and molecular
line data. Infrared-Astronomical-Satellite (IRAS) and
Midcourse-Space-Experiment (MSX) data were used to study the larger scale
environments of the candidate sources and to determine their total luminosities
and dust temperatures. To derive the physical and chemical properties of our
target regions, we observed continuum and spectral line radiation at millimeter
and radio wavelengths. We imaged the free-free and dust continuum emission at
wavelengths of 3.6 cm and 1.2 mm, respectively, searched for H2O and CH3OH
maser emission and observed the CO 2-1 and several NH3 lines toward all sources
in our sample. Other molecular tracers were observed in a subsample. The
presented results indicate that a substantial fraction of our sample harbors
HMPOs in a pre-UCHII region phase, the earliest known stage in the high-mass
star formation process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73261 </DOCNO>
Isotropy and Stability of the Brane


  We reexamine Wald's no-hair theorem for global anisotropy in the brane world
scenarios. We derive a set of sufficient conditions which must be satisfied by
the brane matter and bulk metric so that a homogeneous and anisotropic brane
asymptotically evolves to a de Sitter spacetime in the presence of a positive
cosmological constant on the brane. We discuss the violations of these
sufficient conditions and we show that a negative nonlocal energy density or
the presence of strong anisotropic stress (i.e., a magnetic field) may lead the
brane to collapse. We discuss the generality of these conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2370 </DOCNO>
Coulomb interaction and stability of CE-type structure in half-doped


  In his Comment (cond-mat/0104353), Shen points out that the on-site Coulomb interaction, that
can cause charge order in half-doped manganites, also destabilizes the magnetic
CE-phase observed in these systems. This is a valid observation, but it is not
a priori clear whether in the relevant parameter regime the C-phase is indeed
lower in energy then the CE-phase within our model. We conclude that the
proposed model, which correctly captures the interplay of spin, charge and
orbital degrees of freedom in the half-doped manganites and gives a reasonable
description of their electronic structure, is by itself not sufficient for the
precise determination of the regions of stabilities of different phases. For
this several other factors should be taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127159 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX survey of Be/X-ray binary candidates


  We present a BeppoSAX survey of five Be/X-ray binary candidates. We report on
the identification of two of them, HD 110432 and HD 141926, as low luminosity
Be/X-ray binaries. For HD 110432 we report on the detection of a pulsation
period of ~14 ks. Because the luminosity of these sources is low and their
spectra do not require non-thermal emission models, these systems are good
Be+White Dwarf candidates. If the pulsation period for HD 110432 is confirmed,
this system would be the most firm Be+WD candidate found up to date. The other
three objects HD 65663, HD 249179 and BD+53 2262 did not show detectable X-ray
emission. We argue that, while the properties of BD+53 2262 are still
consistent with a quiescent Be+Neutron Star scenario, the lack of detection for
the other two objects implies that they are most probably not X-ray binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74377 </DOCNO>
Radions in a $\gamma\gamma$ collider


  We study the resonance production of radions via $\gamma\gamma$ fusion in the
Randall-Sundrum model. We find that the cross section of the process in the
$\gamma\gamma$ mode of a linear collider (LC) can be of similar size as in the
$e^+e^-$ collision mode, if the radion is heavy. We consider the possible
curvature-Higgs mixing in the model, and we find that the mixing should be
constrained in order to avoid an unphysical state. The process $\gamma\gamma
\to \phi$ is the main source of radions at LC near the conformal limit. We
consider both the decay modes of radion with curvature-Higgs mixing and
without. Our results show that the radion with mass below 800 GeV could be
detected at LC with any mixing parameter and vacuum expectation value of the
radion around 1 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 333 </DOCNO>
Ghost excitonic insulator transition in layered graphite


  Some unusual properties of layered graphite, including a linear energy
dependence of the quasiparticle damping and weak ferromagnetism at low doping,
are explained as a result of the proximity of a single graphene sheet to the
excitonic insulator phase which can be further stabilized in a doped system of
many layers stacked in the staggered ($ABAB...$) configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7396 </DOCNO>
On the inequivalence of statistical ensembles


  We investigate the relation between various statistical ensembles of finite
systems. If ensembles differ at the level of fluctuations of the order
parameter, we show that the equations of states can present major differences.
A sufficient condition for this inequivalence to survive at the thermodynamical
limit is worked out. If energy consists in a kinetic and a potential part, the
microcanonical ensemble does not converge towards the canonical ensemble when
the partial heat capacities per particle fulfill the relation
$c_{k}^{-1}+c_{p}^{-1}<0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95473 </DOCNO>
Value distribution for eigenfunctions of desymmetrized quantum maps


  We study the value distribution and extreme values of eigenfunctions for the
``quantized cat map''. This is the quantization of a hyperbolic linear map of
the torus. In a previous paper it was observed that there are quantum
symmetries of the quantum map - a commutative group of unitary operators which
commute with the map, which we called ``Hecke operators''. The eigenspaces of
the quantum map thus admit an orthonormal basis consisting of eigenfunctions of
all the Hecke operators, which we call ``Hecke eigenfunctions''.
  In this note we investigate suprema and value distribution of the Hecke
eigenfunctions. For prime values of the inverse Planck constant N for which the
map is diagonalizable modulo N (the ``split primes'' for the map), we show that
the Hecke eigenfunctions are uniformly bounded and their absolute values
(amplitudes) are either constant or have a semi-circle value distribution as N
tends to infinity. Moreover in the latter case different eigenfunctions become
statistically independent. We obtain these results via the Riemann hypothesis
for curves over a finite field (Weil's theorem) and recent results of N. Katz
on exponential sums. For general N we obtain a nontrivial bound on the supremum
norm of these Hecke eigenfunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73289 </DOCNO>
The processes gamma gamma to Z H in SM and MSSM


  The process gamma gamma to ZH first arises at the 1-loop level, and as such
it provides remarkable tests of the structure of the electroweak Higgs sector.
These tests are complementary to those in the gauge sector involving gamma
gamma to gamma gamma, gamma Z, ZZ. We show that in the Standard Model (SM)
where H=H_{SM}, as well as in the supersymmetric case where H=h^0, H^0 or A^0,
observables exist (like e.g. the energy dependence, angular distribution,
photon polarization dependence or final Z polarization) which present rather
spectacular properties. Such properties involve strong threshold effects with
steps, bumps or peaks, reflecting the type of Higgs and heavy quarks and
chargino masses and couplings predicted by the SM and supersymmetric models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123984 </DOCNO>
Formation of ellipticals by unequal mass mergers


  Collisionless N-body simulations of merging disk-galaxies with mass ratios
($\eta$) of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 have been performed using direct summation
with the special purpose hardware GRAPE. The simulations are used to examine
whether the formation of elliptical galaxies can be explained in the context of
the merger scenario. The photometric, kinematical and isophotal properties of
the merger remnants are investigated and turn out to be in very good agreement
with observations of giant elliptical galaxies. We conclude that equal mass
mergers lead to slowly rotating, anisotropic remnants having predominantly boxy
isophotes. Mergers with a mass ratio of 3:1 and 4:1, on the other hand, are
fast isotropic rotators with disky isophotes. Projection effects can explain
the observed scatter in the kinematical and isophotal properties of elliptical
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86005 </DOCNO>
Detecting a relic background of scalar waves with LIGO


  We discuss the possible detection of a stochastic background of massive,
non-relativistic scalar particles, through the cross correlation of the two
LIGO interferometers in the initial, enhanced and advanced configuration. If
the frequency corresponding to the mass of the scalar field lies in the
detector sensitivity band, and the non-relativistic branch of the spectrum
gives a significant contribution to energy density required to close the
Universe, we find that the scalar background can induce a non-negligible
signal, in competition with a possible signal produced by a stochastic
background of gravitational radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2727 </DOCNO>
Density profiles in a classical Coulomb fluid near a dielectric wall. I.


  The equilibrium density profiles in a classical multicomponent plasma near a
hard wall made with a dielectric material characterized by a relative
dielectric constant $\ew$ are studied from the first Born-Green-Yvon equation
combined with Poisson equation in a regime where Coulomb coupling is weak
inside the fluid. In order to prevent the collapse between charges with
opposite signs or between each charge and its dielectric image inside the wall
when $\ew >1$, hard-core repulsions are added to the Coulomb pair interaction.
The charge-image interaction cannot be treated perturbatively and the density
profiles vary very fast in the vicinity of the wall when $\ew \neq 1$. The
formal solution of the associated inhomogeneous Debye-H\"uckel equations will
be given in Paper II, together with a systematic fugacity expansion which
allows to retrieve the results obtained from the truncated \bgy hierarchy. In
the present paper the exact density profiles are calculated analytically up to
first order in the coupling parameter. The expressions show the interplay
between three effects~: the geometric repulsion from the impenetrable wall; the
electrostatic effective attraction ($\ew >1$) or repulsion ($\ew <1$) due to
its dielectric response; and the Coulomb interaction between each charge and
the potential drop created by the electric layer which appears as soon as the
system is not symmetric. We exhibit how the charge density profile evolves
between a structure with two oppositely-charged layers and a three-layer
organization when $\ew$ varies. (The case of two ideally conducting walls will
be displayed elsewhere)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74815 </DOCNO>
Eikonal propagators for the high-energy parton-parton scattering in


  By a direct resummation of perturbation theory in the limit of very high
energy and small transferred momentum (the so-called ``eikonal'' limit), we
derive expressions for the truncated-connected quark, antiquark and gluon
propagators in an external gluon field, both for scalar and fermion gauge
theories. These are the basic ingredients to derive ``soft'' high-energy
parton-parton scattering amplitudes, using the LSZ reduction formulae and a
functional integral approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96377 </DOCNO>
Connes-Moscovici-Kreimer Hopf Algebras


  These notes hopefully provide an aid to the comprehension of the
Connes-Moscovici and Connes-Kreimer works, by isolating common mathematical
features of the Connes-Moscovici, rooted trees, and Feynman-graph Hopf algebras
(as a new special branch of the theory of Hopf algebras expected to become
important). We discuss in particular the dual Milnor-Moore situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125132 </DOCNO>
RXTE observations of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary GX 17+2:


  We have analyzed ~600 ks of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data of the neutron
star low-mass X-ray binary and Z source GX 17+2. A study was performed of the
properties of the noise components and quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) as a
function of the spectral properties, with the main goal to study the relation
between the frequencies of the horizontal branch and upper kHz QPOs. It was
found that when the upper kHz QPO frequency is below 1030 Hz these frequencies
correlate, whereas above 1030 Hz they anti-correlate. GX 17+2 is the first
source in which this is observed. We also found that the frequency difference
of the high frequency QPOs was not constant and that the quality factors (Q
values) of the HBO, its second harmonic, and the kHz QPOs are similar, and vary
almost hand in hand by a factor of more than three. Observations of the normal
branch oscillations during two type I X-ray bursts showed that their absolute
amplitude decreased as the flux from the neutron star became stronger. We
discuss these and other findings in terms of models that have been proposed for
these phenomena. We also compare the behavior of GX 17+2 and other Z sources
with that of black hole sources and consider the possibility that the mass
accretion rate might not be driving force behind all spectral and variability
changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98684 </DOCNO>
About periodic solutions of a planar system modelling neural activity


  We derived explicit symbolic expressions for the first, second, and third
Lyapunov coefficients of the complex focus of a planar system modelling
activity of a neural network. The analysis of these expressions allowed us to
obtain new results about the number and location of limit cycles in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168658 </DOCNO>
On Using Quantum Protocols to Detect Traffic Analysis


  We consider the problem of detecting whether an attacker measures the amount
of traffic sent over a communication channel-possibly without extracting
information about the transmitted data. A basic approach for designing a
quantum protocol for detecting a perpetual traffic analysis of this kind is
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95382 </DOCNO>
An Analysis of Completely-Positive Trace-Preserving Maps on 2x2 Matrices


  We give a useful new characterization of the set of all completely positive,
trace-preserving (i.e., stochastic) maps from 2x2 matrices to 2x2 matrices.
These conditions allow one to easily check any trace-preserving map for
complete positivity. We also determine explicitly all extreme points of this
set, and give a useful parameterization after reduction to a certain canonical
form. This allows a detailed examination of an important class of non-unital
extreme points which can be characterized as having exactly two images on the
Bloch sphere.
  We also discuss a number of related issues about the images and the geometry
of the set of stochastic maps, and show that any stochastic map on 2x2 matrices
can be written as a convex combination of two "generalized" extreme points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6503 </DOCNO>
Facing Non-Stationary Conditions with a New Indicator of Entropy


  We address the problem of detecting non-stationary effects in time series (in
particular fractal time series) by means of the Diffusion Entropy Method (DEM).
This means that the experimental sequence under study, of size $N$, is explored
with a window of size $L << N$. The DEM makes a wise use of the statistical
information available and, consequently, in spite of the modest size of the
window used, does succeed in revealing local statistical properties, and it
shows how they change upon moving the windows along the experimental sequence.
The method is expected to work also to predict catastrophic events before their
occurrence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168166 </DOCNO>
Quantum enhanced positioning and clock synchronization


  A wide variety of positioning and ranging procedures are based on repeatedly
sending electromagnetic pulses through space and measuring their time of
arrival. This paper shows that quantum entanglement and squeezing can be
employed to overcome the classical power/bandwidth limits on these procedures,
enhancing their accuracy. Frequency entangled pulses could be used to construct
quantum positioning systems (QPS), to perform clock synchronization, or to do
ranging (quantum radar): all of these techniques exhibit a similar enhancement
compared with analogous protocols that use classical light. Quantum
entanglement and squeezing have been exploited in the context of
interferometry, frequency measurements, lithography, and algorithms. Here, the
problem of positioning a party (say Alice) with respect to a fixed array of
reference points will be analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 403 </DOCNO>
Concerted motion of protons in hydrogen bonds of DNA-type molecules


  We study the dynamical behaviour of the proton transfer in the hydrogen bonds
in the base-pairs of the double helices of the DNA type. Under the assumption
that the elastic and the tunnelling degrees of freedom may be coupled, we
derive a non-linear and non-local Schrodinger equation (SNLNL) that describes
the concerted motion of the proton tunnelling. Rough estimates of the solutions
to the SNLNL show an intimate interplay between the concerted tunnelling of
protons and the symmetry of double helix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96921 </DOCNO>
Improved bounds on the number of ternary square-free words


  Improved upper and lower bounds on the number of square-free ternary words
are obtained. The upper bound is based on the enumeration of square-free
ternary words up to length 110. The lower bound is derived by constructing
generalised Brinkhuis triples. The problem of finding such triples can
essentially be reduced to a combinatorial problem, which can efficiently be
treated by computer. In particular, it is shown that the number of square-free
ternary words of length n grows at least as 65^(n/40), replacing the previous
best lower bound of 2^(n/17).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96632 </DOCNO>
Deformations of Quasicoherent Sheaves of Algebras


  Gerstenhaber and Schack ([GS]) developed a deformation theory of presheaves
of algebras on small categories. We translate their cohomological description
to sheaf cohomology. More precisely, we describe the deformation space of
(admissible) quasicoherent sheaves of algebras on a quasiprojective scheme $X$
in terms of sheaf cohomology on $X$ and $X\times X$. These results are applied
to the study of deformations of the sheaf $D_X$ of differential operators on
$X$. In particular, in case $X$ is a flag variety we show that any deformation
of $D_X$, which is induced by a deformation of $\cO_X$, must be trivial. This
result is used in [LR3], where we study the localization construction for
quantum groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95493 </DOCNO>
Structure of $Z^2$ modulo selfsimilar sublattices


  In this paper we show the combinatorial structure of $\mathbb{Z}^2$ modulo
sublattices selfsimilar to $\mathbb{Z}^2$. The tool we use for dealing with
this purpose is the notion of association scheme. We classify when the scheme
defined by the lattice is imprimitive and characterize its decomposition in
terms of the decomposition of the gaussian integer defining the lattice. This
arise in the classification of different forms of tiling $\mathbb{Z}^2$ by
lattices of this type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149015 </DOCNO>
Chromomagnetic Catalysis of Color Superconductivity and Dimensional


  We consider diquark condensation in external chromomagnetic fields at
non--zero temperature. The general features of this process are investigated
for various field configurations in relation to their symmetry properties and
the form of the quark spectrum. According to the fields, there arises
dimensional reduction by one or two units. In all cases there exists diquark
condensation even at arbitrary weak quark attraction, confirming the idea about
universality of this mechanism in a chromomagnetic field. Possible influence of
a nonzero chemical potential on the results obtained is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98321 </DOCNO>
Thermal convection in a cylindrical annulus heated laterally


  In this paper we study thermoconvective instabilities appearing in a fluid
within a cylindrical annulus heated laterally. As soon as a horizontal
temperature gradient is applied a convective state appears. As the temperature
gradient reaches a critical value a stationary or oscillatory bifurcation may
take place. The problem is modelled with a novel method which extends the one
described in (numerico). The Navier Stokes equations are solved in the
primitive variable formulation, with appropriate boundary conditions for
pressure. This is a low order formulation which in cylindrical coordinates
introduces lower order singularities. The problem is discretized with a
Chebyshev collocation method easily implemented and its convergence has been
checked. The results obtained are not only in very good agreement with those
obtained in experiments, but also provide a deeper insight into important
physical parameters developing the instability, which has not been reported
before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4852 </DOCNO>
Formation and Decay of Vortex Lattices in Bose-Einstein Condensates at


  The dynamics of vortex lattices in stirred Bose-Einstein condensates have
been studied at finite temperatures. The decay of the vortex lattice was
observed non-destructively by monitoring the centrifugal distortions of the
rotating condensate. The formation of the vortex lattice could be deduced from
the increasing contrast of the vortex cores observed in ballistic expansion. In
contrast to the decay, the formation of the vortex lattice is insensitive to
temperature change.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149877 </DOCNO>
Cayley-Klein contractions of orthosymplectic superalgebras


  We define a class of orthosymplectic superalgebras $osp(m;j|2n;\omega)$ which
may be obtained from $osp(m|2n)$ by contractions and analytic continuations in
a similar way as the orthogonal and the symplectic Cayley-Klein algebras are
obtained from the corresponding classical ones. Contractions of $osp(1|2)$ and
$osp(3|2)$ are regarded as an examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168812 </DOCNO>
Laser cooling with electromagnetically induced transparency: Application


  A novel method of ground state laser cooling of trapped atoms utilizes the
absorption profile of a three (or multi-) level system which is tailored by a
quantum interference. With cooling rates comparable to conventional sideband
cooling, lower final temperatures may be achieved. The method was
experimentally implemented to cool a single Ca$^+$ ion to its vibrational
ground state. Since a broad band of vibrational frequencies can be cooled
simultaneously, the technique will be particularly useful for the cooling of
larger ion strings, thereby being of great practical importance for
initializing a quantum register based on trapped ions. We also discuss its
application to different level schemes and for ground state cooling of neutral
atoms trapped by a far detuned standing wave laser field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127323 </DOCNO>
From Big Crunch to Big Bang


  We consider conditions under which a universe contracting towards a big
crunch can make a transition to an expanding big bang universe. A promising
example is 11-dimensional M-theory in which the eleventh dimension collapses,
bounces, and re-expands. At the bounce, the model can reduce to a weakly
coupled heterotic string theory and, we conjecture, it may be possible to
follow the transition from contraction to expansion. The possibility opens the
door to new classes of cosmological models. For example, we discuss how it
suggests a major simplification and modification of the recently proposed
ekpyrotic scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148775 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous fluxes, branes and a maximally supersymmetric solution of


  We find M-theory solutions with homogeneous fluxes for which the spacetime is
a lorentzian symmetric space. We show that generic solutions preserve sixteen
supersymmetries and that there are two special points in their moduli space of
parameters which preserve all thirty-two supersymmetries. We calculate the
symmetry superalgebra of all these solutions. We then construct various
M-theory and string theory branes with homogeneous fluxes and we also find new
homogeneous flux-brane solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6738 </DOCNO>
Kinetics of dilute polymers with the viscous memory


  The Zimm equation for the position vector of a polymer segment is generalized
taking into account the effect of viscous memory. The Oseen tensor is built on
the basis of the nonstationary Navier-Stokes equation. After the preliminary
averaging of the tensor a non-Markovian equation for the time correlation
function of the Fourier components of the segment position is derived. The
viscous memory essentially affects the long-time asymptote of the correlation
function of the Fourier amplitudes of the chain fragments: the time behavior is
of a fractional power character instead of the traditional exponential. The
relaxation time and the diffusion coefficient of the macromolecule as a whole
are the same as in the Zimm model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96084 </DOCNO>
On the Rees algebra of certain codimension two perfect ideals


  Let X be a set of smooth points in P^2, and I = \oplus_{t >= d} I_t the
defining ideal of X. In this paper, we give a set of defining equations for the
Rees algebra R(I_{d+1}) of the ideal generated by I_{d+1}. This study give
information to completely answer questions on the defining ideals of projective
embeddings of the blowup of P^2 along the points in X, which has been studied
by many authors. In this paper, we also study the asymptotic behaviour of the
Rees algebras R(I_t) of the ideal generated by I_t, as t gets large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96171 </DOCNO>
Non Parallelism of Ricci tensor of Pseudo-cylindric Metrics


  We descrive examples of metrics in the conformal class $[g]$ on complete
conformally flat Riemannian manifolds $(M,g].$ These metrics have a constant
scalar curvature and an harmonic curvature with non parallel Ricci tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95920 </DOCNO>
Canonical quantization of systems with time-dependent constraints


  The Hamilton-Jacobi method of constrained systems is discussed. The equations
of motion of a singular system with time dependent constraints are obtained as
total differential equations in many variables. The integrability conditions
for the relativistic particle in a plane wave lead us to obtain the canonical
phase-space coordinates with out using any gauge fixing condition. As a result
of the quantization, we obtain the Klein-Gordon theory for a particle in a
plane wave. The path integral quantization for this system is obtained using
the canonical path integral formulation method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168327 </DOCNO>
Quantum Key Distribution between N partners: optimal eavesdropping and


  Quantum secret-sharing protocols involving N partners (NQSS) are key
distribution protocols in which Alice encodes her key into $N-1$ qubits, in
such a way that all the other partners must cooperate in order to retrieve the
key. On these protocols, several eavesdropping scenarios are possible: some
partners may want to reconstruct the key without the help of the other ones,
and consequently collaborate with an Eve that eavesdrops on the other partners'
channels. For each of these scenarios, we give the optimal individual attack
that the Eve can perform. In case of such an optimal attack, the authorized
partners have a higher information on the key than the unauthorized ones if and
only if they can violate a Bell's inequality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179292 </DOCNO>
The role of hyperon resonances in p(gamma,K+)Lambda processes


  We discuss the role of hyperon resonances in the u-channel when modeling p
(gamma,K+)Lambda processes in an effective Lagrangian approach. Without the
introduction of hyperon resonances, one is forced to use soft hadronic form
factors with a cutoff mass which is at best two times the kaon mass. After
inclusion of the hyperon resonances in the u-channel, we obtain a fair
description of the data with a cutoff mass of the order of 1.8 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 400 </DOCNO>
Modellization of hydraulic fracturing of porous materials


  We review microstructural fracture growth models suitable for the study of
hydraulic fracture processes in disordered porous materials and present some
basic results. It is shown that microstructural models exhibit certain
similarities to corresponding theories of continua. These similarities are most
easily demonstrated for simple crack geometries, i.e., straight cracks (finite
size scalings). However, there exist even scaling relations which are
completely independent of the particular employed crack structure. Furthermore
it is demonstrated that disorder in cohesional/flow properties can influence
the crack growth and the resulting fracture geometry in an essential way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179449 </DOCNO>
Kinematical versus dynamical relativistic effects in


  The relativistic mean field approach is applied to the description of
coincidence $A(e,e'p)B$ reactions where both the incident electron beam and
knockout proton are polarized. Effects introduced by the dynamical enhancement
of the lower components of the bound nucleon wave function are analyzed within
RPWIA for the polarized responses and transferred polarizations. Results
obtained by projecting out the negative-energy components are also compared
with various nonrelativistic reductions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76317 </DOCNO>
Quark pair simulation near threshold : Reweighting and hadronization


  Methods are presented allowing a realistic, experiment-based simulation of
low-mass quark pairs coupling to a virtual photon. Differential cross-section
reweighting factors allow to reproduce the resonant structure observed near
quark pair production thresholds, and an algorithm is proposed that allows
hadronization of the light quarks in the very low mass region, where existing
theory-based models are expected to break down. The corresponding routines can
be embedded in two- and four-fermion generators for e+e- machines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2560 </DOCNO>
Shot Noise of Series Quantum Point Contacts


  Shot noise of series quantum point contacts forming a sequence of cavities in
a two dimensional electron gas are studied theoretically and experimentally.
Noise in such a structure originates from local scattering at the point
contacts as well as from chaotic motion of the electrons in the cavities. The
observed shot noise allows to distinguish between noise of the point contacts
and noise from the cavities in reasonable agreement with theoretical
predicitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2139 </DOCNO>
RVB Revisited


  We propose that early speculations on the nature of the normal state of the
$CuO_2$ planes in high $T_c$ superconductors can be revised and brought into
agreement with more modern theories, simulations and experimental observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123712 </DOCNO>
Magnetically driven superluminal motion from rotating black holes


  We have investigated magnetically driven superluminal jets originating from
rotating black holes. The stationary, general relativistic, magnetohydrodynamic
wind equation along collimating magnetic flux surfaces has been solved
numerically. In particular, we apply our results to the Galactic superluminal
sources GRS 1915+105 and GRO 1655-40. Our results show that the observed speed
of more than 0.9 c can be achieved in general by magnetohydrodynamic
acceleration. The velocity distribution along the magnetic field has a
saturating profile. Further, we find that highly relativistic speeds can be
reached also for jets not emerging from a region close to the black hole, if
the flow magnetization is sufficiently large. The plasma temperature rapidly
decreases from about 10**10 K at the foot point of the jet to about 10**6 K at
a distance of 5000 gravitational radii from the source. Temperature and the
mass density follow a power law distribution with the radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97310 </DOCNO>
Theta-functions on noncommutative tori


  Ordinary theta-functions can be considered as holomorphic sections of line
bundles over tori. We show that one can define generalized theta-functions as
holomorphic elements of projective modules over noncommutative tori
(theta-vectors). The theory of these new objects is not only more general, but
also much simpler than the theory of ordinary theta-functions. It seems that
the theory of theta-vectors should be closely related to Manin's theory of
quantized theta-functions, but we don't analyze this relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98932 </DOCNO>
Actions of ${\mathbb Z}^k$ associated to higher rnak graphs


  An action of ${\mathbb Z}^k$ is associated to a higher rank graph $\Lambda$
satisfying a mild assumption. This generalises the construction of a
topological Markov shift arising from a nonnegative integer matrix. We show
that the stable Ruelle algebra of $\Lambda$ is strongly Morita equivalent to
$C^*(\Lambda)$. Hence, if $\Lambda$ satisfies the aperiodicity condition, the
stable Ruelle algebra is simple, stable and purely infinite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169369 </DOCNO>
Structural physical approximations of unphysical maps and generalized


  We investigate properties of the structural physical approximation (SPA) of
the partial transposition map recently introduced by Horodecki and Ekert
[quant-ph/0111064]. We focus on the case of two-qubit states and show that in
this case the map has the structure of a generalized quantum measurement
followed by preparation of a suitable output state. We also introduce SPA for
map that transforms two copies of density matrix of a single qubit onto a
square of that matrix. We prove that also this map is essentially a generalized
quantum measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 451 </DOCNO>
Highly Anisotropic Transport in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect


  At very large tilt of the magnetic (B) field with respect to the plane of a
two-dimensional electron system the transport in the integer quantum Hall
regime at $\nu$ = 4, 6, and 8 becomes strongly anisotropic. At these filling
factors the usual {\em deep minima} in the magneto-resistance occur for the
current flowing {\em perpendicular} to the in-plane B field direction but
develop into {\em strong maxima} for the current flowing {\em parallel} to the
in-plane B field. The origin of this anisotropy is unknown but resembles the
recently observed anisotropy at half-filled Landau levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41774 </DOCNO>
Direct CP Violation Searches in Charmless Hadronic B Meson Decays


  We search for direct CP violation in charmless hadronic B decays observed in
a sample of about 22.7 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected with the BABAR
detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We measure the
following charge asymmetries: ${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\eta^\prime K^{\pm}) =
-0.11\pm 0.11\pm 0.02$, ${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\omega \pi^{\pm}) =
-0.01^{+0.29}_{-0.31}\pm 0.03$, ${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\phi K^{\pm}) =
-0.05\pm 0.20\pm 0.03$, ${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{\pm}\to\phi K^{*\pm}) =
-0.43^{+0.36}_{-0.30}\pm 0.06$, and ${\cal A}_{CP} (B^{0}\to\phi K^{*0}) =
0.00\pm 0.27\pm 0.03$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96331 </DOCNO>
A non-tautological algebraic class on $\bar{M}_{2,22}$


  An algebraic diagonal locus in the boundary of the moduli space of 22-pointed
genus 2 curves is shown to define a non-tautological cohomology class by
studying the Kunneth decomposition of its pull-back to the boundary. An
analysis of the action of the cotangent line on the odd cohomology of genus 1
moduli is required. A treatment of pull-backs in the tautological ring is given
in the Appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96916 </DOCNO>
Generic singularities of Schubert varieties


  We describe the generic singularity of a Schubert variety of type A on each
irreducible component of its singular locus. This singularity is given either
by a cone of rank one matrices, or a quadratic cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4764 </DOCNO>
Universality of the critical conductance distribution in various


  We study numerically the metal - insulator transition in the Anderson model
on various lattices with dimension $2 < d \le 4$ (bifractals and Euclidian
lattices). The critical exponent $\nu$ and the critical conductance
distribution are calculated. We confirm that $\nu$ depends only on the {\it
spectral} dimension. The other parameters - critical disorder, critical
conductance distribution and conductance cummulants - depend also on lattice
topology. Thus only qualitative comparison with theoretical formulae for
dimension dependence of the cummulants is possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129262 </DOCNO>
Interstellar H-Alpha Line Profiles toward HD 93521 and the Lockman


  We have used the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) facility to measure the
interstellar H-Alpha emission toward the high Galactic latitude O star HD 93521
(l = 183.1, b = +62.2). Three emission components were detected having radial
velocities of -10 km s^{-1}, -51 km s^{-1}, and -90 km s^{-1} with respect to
the local standard of rest (LSR) and H-Alpha intensities of 0.20 R, 0.15 R, and
0.023 R, respectively, corresponding to emission measures of 0.55 cm^{-6} pc,
0.42 cm^{-6} pc, and 0.06 cm^{-6} pc. We have also detected an H-Alpha emission
component at -1 km s^{-1} (LSR) with an intensity of 0.20 R (0.55 cm^{-6} pc)
toward the direction l = 148.5, b = +53.0, which lies in the region of
exceptionally low H I column density known as the Lockman Window. In addition,
we studied the direction l = 163.5, b = +53.5. Upper limits on the possible
intensity of Galactic emission toward this direction are 0.11 R at the LSR and
0.06 R at -50 km s^{-1}. We also detected and characterized twelve faint
(~0.03-0.15 R), unidentified atmospheric lines present in WHAM H-Alpha spectra.
Lastly, we have used WHAM to obtain [O I] 6300 spectra along the line of sight
toward HD 93521. We place an upper limit of 0.060 R on the [O I] intensity of
the -51 km s^{-1} component. If the temperature of the gas is 10,000 K within
the H-Alpha emitting region, the hydrogen ionization fraction n(H+)/n(H_total)
> 0.6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81218 </DOCNO>
Lattice QCD at finite isospin density


  We have simulated QCD at a finite chemical potential $\mu_I$ for isospin
($I_3$) to probe part of the phase diagram for nuclear matter. Preliminary
results suggest that for $\mu_I > \mu_c$, this theory forms a charged pion
condensate which spontaneously breaks $I_3$, and the isospin density is non
zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96547 </DOCNO>
A Generalization of Obreshkoff-Ehrlich Method for Multiple Roots of


  In this paper methods for simultaneous finding all roots of generalized
polynomials are developed. These methods are related to the case when the roots
are multiple. They possess cubic rate of convergence and they are as
labour-consuming as the known methods related to the case of polynomials with
simple roots only.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3831 </DOCNO>
Electron-electron bound states in parity-preserving QED_3 applied to


  We consider a parity-preserving QED_3 model with spontaneous breaking of the
gauge symmetry as a framework for the evaluation of the electron-electron
interaction potential underlying high-T_c superconductivity. The fact that the
resulting potential, -C_s K_{0}(Mr), is non-confining and ``weak'' (in the
sense of Kato) strongly suggests the mechanism of pair-condensation. This
potential, compatible with an s-wave order parameter, is then applied to the
Schr\"odinger equation for the sake of numerical calculations, thereby
enforcing the existence of bound states. The results worked out by means of our
theoretical framework are checked by considering a number of phenomenological
data extracted from different copper oxide superconductors. The agreement may
motivate a deeper analysis of our model viewing an application to quasi-planar
cuprate superconductors. The data analyzed here suggest an energy scale of 1-10
meV for the breaking of the U(1)-symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87129 </DOCNO>
On the linear stability of solitons and hairy black holes with a


  Using a recently developed perturbation formalism based on curvature
quantities, we complete our investigation of the linear stability of black
holes and solitons with Yang-Mills hair and a negative cosmological constant.
We show that those solutions which have no linear instabilities under odd- and
even-parity spherically symmetric perturbations remain stable under
even-parity, linear, non-spherically symmetric perturbations. Together with the
result from a previous work, we have therefore established the existence of
stable hairy black holes and solitons with anti-de Sitter asymptotic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1896 </DOCNO>
The Chern-Simons Invariant in the Berry Phase of a Two by Two


  The positive (negaive)-energy eigen vectors of the two by two Hamiltonian
$H=\v{r}\cdot\vec{\s}$ where $\vec{\s}$ are the Pauli matrices and $\v{r}$ is a
3-vector, form a U(1) fiber bundle when $\v{r}$ sweeps over a manifold $\cM$ in
the three dimensional parameter space of $\v{r}$ . For appropriately chosen
base space $\cM$ the resulting fiber bundle can have non-trivial topology. For
example when $\cM=S^2\equiv\{\v{r}; |\v{r}|=1\}$ the corresponding bundle has a
non-zero Chern number, which is the indicator that it is topologically
non-trivial. In this paper we construct a two by two Hamiltonian whose eigen
bundle shows a more subtle topological non-triviality over
$\cM=R^3\bigcup\{\infty\}$, the stereographic projection of $S^3$. This
non-triviality is characterized by a non-zero Chern-Simons invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1488 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional Coulomb Systems in a disk with Ideal Dielectric


  We consider two-dimensional Coulomb systems confined in a disk with ideal
dielectric boundaries. In particular we study the two-component plasma in
detail. When the coulombic coupling constant $\Gamma=2$ the model is exactly
solvable. We compute the grand-potential, densities and correlations. We show
that the grand-potential has a universal logarithmic finite-size correction as
predicted in previous works. This logarithmic finite-size correction is also
checked in another solvable model: the one-component plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73954 </DOCNO>
Inflation from Rotation


  We obtain brane inflation in configurations with Dp and D(p-2) branes which
are far apart and almost perpendicular to each other. Chaotic brane inflation
occurs when the branes can only rotate with the inflaton given by the angle
between the branes. When the branes can also move hybrid brane inflation occurs
where the inflaton is the distance between the branes and the trigger field is
related to the angle. In both models we find a spectral index very close to
one. Both types of inflation require $M_s \sim 10^{16-17} GeV$ with one large
radius of size $1/R \sim 10^{12-15} GeV$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4932 </DOCNO>
17O NMR study of q=0 spin excitations in a nearly ideal S=1/2 1D


  We used 17O NMR to probe the uniform (wavevector q=0) electron spin
excitations up to 800 K in Sr2CuO3 and separate the q=0 from the q=\pm\pi/a
staggered components. Our results support the logarithmic decrease of the
uniform spin susceptibility below T ~ 0.015J, where J=2200 K. From measurement
of the dynamical spin susceptibility for q=0 by the spin-lattice relaxation
rate 1/T_{1}, we demonstrate that the q=0 mode of spin transport is ballistic
at the T=0 limit, but has a diffusion-like contribution at finite temperatures
even for T << J.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3716 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions in the antiferromagnetic XY model with a kagome


  The ground state of the antiferromagnetic XY model with a kagome lattice is
characterized by a well developed accidental degeneracy. As a consequence the
phase transition in this system consists in unbinding of pairs of fractional
vortices. Addition of the next-to-nearest neighbors (NNN) interaction leads to
stabilization of the long-range order in chirality (staggered chirality). We
show that the phase transition, related with destruction of this long-range
order, can happen as a separate phase transition below the temperature of the
fractional vortex pairs unbinding only if the NNN coupling is extremely weak,
and find how the temperature of this transition depends on coupling constants.
We also demonstarte that the antiferromagnetic ordering of chiralities and,
accordingly, the presence of the second phase transition are induced by the
free energy of spin wave fluctuations even in absence of the NNN coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96653 </DOCNO>
Positive scalar curvature, diffeomorphisms and the Seiberg-Witten


  We study the space of positive scalar curvature (psc) metrics on a
4-manifold, and give examples of simply connected manifolds for which it is
disconnected. These examples imply that concordance of psc metrics does not
imply isotopy of such metrics. This is demonstrated using a modification of the
1-parameter Seiberg-Witten invariants which we introduced in earlier work. The
invariant shows that the diffeomorphism group of the underlying 4-manifold is
disconnected. We also study the moduli space of positive scalar curvature
metrics modulo diffeomorphism, and give examples to show that this space can be
disconnected. The (non-orientable) 4--manifolds in this case are explicitly
described, and the components in the moduli space are distinguished by a Pin^c
eta invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75867 </DOCNO>
Aspects of QCD Factorization


  The QCD factorization approach provides the theoretical basis for a
systematic analysis of nonleptonic decay amplitudes of B mesons in the
heavy-quark limit. After recalling the basic ideas underlying this formalism,
several tests of QCD factorization in the decays B -> D^(*) L, B -> K^* gamma,
and B -> pi K,pi pi are discussed. It is then illustrated how factorization can
be used to obtain new constraints on the parameters of the unitarity triangle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7481 </DOCNO>
Superconducting transition temperature of MgB_2 H_0.03 is higher than


  Hydrogenation of MgB_2 powder has lead to an increase in the superconducting
temperature, as determined by ac susceptibility. Applied dc fields reduce the
transition temperature in the same ratio as for the pure powder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149985 </DOCNO>
String-Loop Corrected Magnetic Black Holes


  We discuss the form of the string-loop-corrected effective action obtained by
compactification of the heterotic string theory on the manifold $K3\times T^2$
or on its orbifold limit and the loop-corrected solutions of the equations of
motion. Effective 4D theory has N=2 locally supersymmetry. Using the
string-loop-corrected prepotential of N=2 supersymmetric theory, which receives
corrections only from the string world sheets of torus topology, we calculate
the loop corrections to the tree-level effective action and solve the
loop-corrected equations of motion. At the string-tree level, the solution that
we consider is the extremal magnetic black hole described by the "chiral null
model." In the case of magnetic black hole, the tree-level effective gauge
couplings decrease at small distances from the origin, and in this region
string-loop corrections to the gauge couplings become important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72573 </DOCNO>
Around SuSy 1970


  This is the talk given at the Symposium "Thirty Years of Supersymmetry",
October 13-15, 2000, Theoretical Physics Institute, University of Minnesota.
The history of construction of the first supersymmetric field theory in four
dimensions (1970) is reviewed. In Appendix a verbatim translation of my paper
published in 1971 in Russian (preprint FIAN-41) is presented. In this paper
what is now known as chiral and vector supermultiplets were algebraically
constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98826 </DOCNO>
Discrete period matrices and related topics


  We continue our investigation of Discrete Riemann Surfaces with the
discussion of the discrete analogs of period matrices, Riemann's bilinear
relations, exponential of constant argument, series and electrical moves. We
show that given a refining sequence of critical maps, the discrete period
matrix converges to the continuous one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87139 </DOCNO>
The eternal fractal in the universe


  Models of eternal inflation predict a stochastic self-similar geometry of the
universe at very large scales and allow existence of points that never
thermalize. I explore the fractal geometry of the resulting spacetime, using
coordinate-independent quantities. The formalism of stochastic inflation can be
used to obtain the fractal dimension of the set of eternally inflating points
(the ``eternal fractal''). I also derive a nonlinear branching diffusion
equation describing global properties of the eternal set and the probability to
realize eternal inflation. I show gauge invariance of the condition for
presence of eternal inflation. Finally, I consider the question of whether all
thermalized regions merge into one connected domain. Fractal dimension of the
eternal set provides a (weak) sufficient condition for merging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123887 </DOCNO>
A Module for Radiation Hydrodynamic Calculations With ZEUS-2D Using


  A module for the ZEUS-2D code is described which may be used to solve the
equations of radiation hydrodynamics to order unity in v/c, in the flux-limited
diffusion (FLD) approximation. In this approximation, the tensor Eddington
factor f which closes the radiation moment equations is chosen to be an
empirical function of radiation energy density. This is easier to implement and
faster than full-transport techniques, in which f is computed by solving the
transfer equation. However, FLD is less accurate when the flux has a component
perpendicular to the gradient in radiation energy density, and in optically
thin regions when the radiation field depends strongly on angle. The material
component of the fluid is here assumed to be in local thermodynamic
equilibrium. The energy equations are operator-split, with transport terms,
radiation diffusion term, and other source terms evolved separately. Transport
terms are applied using the same consistent transport algorithm as in ZEUS-2D.
The radiation diffusion term is updated using an alternating-direction implicit
method with convergence checking. Remaining source terms are advanced together
implicitly using numerical root-finding. However when absorption opacity is
zero, accuracy is improved by treating compression and expansion source terms
using time-centered differencing. Results are discussed for test problems
including radiation-damped linear waves, radiation fronts propagating in
optically-thin media, subcritical and supercritical radiating shocks, and an
optically-thick shock in which radiation dominates downstream pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96897 </DOCNO>
On Explicit Formula for Restricted Partition Function


  A new recursive procedure for calculation of restricted partition function is
suggested. An explicit formula for the restricted partition function is found
based on this procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179608 </DOCNO>
Ground-state correlations and final state interactions in exclusive


  The two nucleon emission process off ^3He induced by medium energy electrons
has been theoretically analyzed using realistic three-nucleon wave functions
and taking the final state interaction into account.
 Various kinematical conditions have been considered in order to clarify the
question whether the effects of the final state interaction could be minimized
by a proper choice of the kinematics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85948 </DOCNO>
Scattering of scalar waves by rotating black holes


  We study the scattering of massless scalar waves by a Kerr black hole by
letting plane monochromatic waves impinge on the black hole. We calculate the
relevant scattering phase-shifts using the
 Pruefer phase-function method, which is computationally efficient and reliable
also for high frequencies and/or large values of the angular multipole indices
(l,m). We use the obtained phase-shifts and the partial-wave approach to
determine differential cross sections and deflection functions. Results for
off-axis scattering (waves incident along directions misaligned with the black
hole's rotation axis) are obtained for the first time. Inspection of the
off-axis deflection functions reveals the same scattering phenomena as in
Schwarzschild scattering. In particular, the cross sections are dominated by
the glory effect and the forward (Coulomb) divergence due to the long-range
nature of the gravitational field. In the rotating case the overall diffraction
pattern is ``frame-dragged'' and as a result the glory maximum is not observed
in the exact backward direction. We discuss the physical reason for this
behaviour, and explain it in terms of the distinction between prograde and
retrograde motion in the Kerr gravitational field. Finally, we also discuss the
possible influence of the so-called superradiance effect on the scattered
waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97817 </DOCNO>
Very simple 2-adic representations and hyperelliptic jacobians


  Let $K$ be a number field, $n>4$ an integer, $f(x)$ an irreducible polynomial
over $K$ of degree $n$, whose Galois group is either the full symmetric group
$S_n$ or the alternating group $A_n$. Suppose $C:y^2=f(x)$ is the corresponding
hyperelliptic curve and $J$ its jacobian defined over $K$. For each prime
$\ell$ we write $V_{\ell}(J)$ for the $Q_{\ell}$-Tate module of $J$ and
$e_{\ell}$ for the Riemann form on $V_{\ell}(J)$ attached to the theta divisor.
(Here $Q_{\ell}$ is the field of $\ell$-adic numbers.)
 We write $sp(V_{\ell}(J))$ for the $Q_{\ell}$-Lie algebra of the symplectic
group of $e_{\ell}$. We write $g_{\ell}$ for the Lie algebra of the image of
the Galois group $Gal(K)$ of $K$ in $Aut(V_{\ell}(J))$. We prove that
$g_{\ell}$ coincides with the direct sum $Q_{\ell}I \oplus sp(V_{\ell}(J))$
where $I$ is the identity operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126789 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation History of NGC 6822


  Images of five fields in the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822
obtained with the {\it Hubble Space Telescope} in the F555W and F814W filters
are presented. Photometry for the stars in these images was extracted using the
Point-Spread-Function fitting program HSTPHOT/MULTIPHOT. The resulting
color-magnitude diagrams reach down to $V\approx26$, a level well below the red
clump, and were used to solve quantitatively for the star formation history of
NGC 6822. Assuming that stars began forming in this galaxy from low-metallicity
gas and that there is little variation in the metallicity at each age, the
distribution of stars along the red giant branch is best fit with star
formation beginning in NGC 6822 12-15 Gyr ago. The best-fitting star formation
histories for the old and intermediate age stars are similar among the five
fields and show a constant or somewhat increasing star formation rate from 15
Gyr ago to the present except for a possible dip in the star formation rate
from 3 to 5 Gyr ago. The main differences among the five fields are in the
higher overall star formation rate per area in the bar fields as well as in the
ratio of the recent star formation rate to the average past rate. These
variations in the recent star formation rate imply that stars formed within the
past 0.6 Gyr are not spatially very well mixed throughout the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125825 </DOCNO>
Is the gas in cooling-flows multi-phase?


  Employing XMM-Newton EPIC data we perform a detailed comparison between
different spectral models to test whether the gas in cooling-flows is
multi-phase or not. Our findings all point in the same direction, namely that
gas in cooling-flows does not show the wide distribution of temperatures
expected from standard multi-phase models. This result has profound
implications for cooling-flow models. Firstly, the large absorption column
depths inferred by previous analysis of cooling-flow spectra are most likely an
artifact following from the application of an incorrect spectral model to the
data. Secondly, the mass deposition and mass flow are likely to be much smaller
than previously thought. Last, but perhaps not least, the term "cooling-flow"
cluster is probably no longer appropriate, as it describes a phenomenon of
smaller entity and impact than previously thought. We propose to substitute it
with that of "cool-core" cluster. The latter definition is less ambitious than
the first, as it reflects only an observational fact rather than an inferred
physical property, the flow, but has the undeniable advantage of being firmer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126738 </DOCNO>
Turning to the Dark Side: Evidence for Circumburst Extinction of


  We present evidence that the majority of rapidly-, well-localized gamma-ray
bursts with undetected, or dark, optical afterglows, or `dark bursts' for
short, are most likely the result of extinction by dust in the circumburst
medium. First, we show that the dark bursts cannot be explained by a failure to
image deeply enough quickly enough: We fit a variety of brightness distribution
models to the optical data, and find that approx. 57(+13,-11)% of all bursts,
and approx. 82(+22,-17)% of dark bursts, have afterglows that are fainter than
R = 24 mag 18 hours after the burst. Secondly, we show that dark bursts tend to
be X-ray and radio faint. Thirdly, we show that these correlations, and more
specifically the optical vs. X-ray and optical vs. radio distributions, can be
explained within the framework of the relativistic fireball model if the dark
bursts are extinguished by circumburst dust, and the density of the circumburst
medium spans many orders of magnitude, from densities that are typical of the
Galactic disk to densities that are typical of dense clouds. Finally, we show
that Galactic extinction, host galaxy extinction unrelated to the circumburst
medium, and the following high redshift effects - Lyman limit absorption in the
source frame, absorption by the Ly-alpha forest, absorption by excited
molecular hydrogen in the circumburst medium, and source-frame extinction by
the FUV component of the extinction curve - might contribute to the number of
dark bursts, but only in small numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73892 </DOCNO>
Collisional Dark Matter and Scalar Phantoms


  As has been previously proposed, a minimal modification of the standard
$SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ theory provides a viable dark matter candidate.
Such a particle, a scalar gauge singlet, is naturally self-interacting---making
it of particular interest given recent developments in astrophysics. We review
this dark matter candidate, with reference to the parameter ranges currently
under discussion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74964 </DOCNO>
Multi-GeV Gluonic Mesons


  Lattice QCD gives reliable predictions for hybrid charmonium and multi-GeV
glueball masses. Proton-antiproton annihilation may offer an excellent
opportunity for the first observation of these states. There are two distinct
possible programs: The search for J^PC-exotic and non-J^PC-exotic states. The
latter program represents substantially higher cross sections and does not
absolutely require partial wave analysis, two very attractive features. The
program can be performed with a varying pbar energy <10 GeV and a fixed target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97437 </DOCNO>
Hopf algebra actions on strongly separable extensions of depth two


  We bring together ideas in analysis of Hopf *-algebra actions on II_1
subfactors of finite Jones index and algebraic characterizations of Frobenius,
Galois and cleft Hopf extensions to prove a non-commutative algebraic analogue
of the classical theorem: a finite field extension is Galois iff it is
separable and normal. Suppose N < M is a separable Frobenius extension of
k-algebras split as N-bimodules with a trivial centralizer C_M(N). Let M_1 :=
End(M)_N and M_2 := End(M_1)_M be the endomorphism algebras in the Jones tower
N < M < M_1 < M_2. We show that under depth 2 conditions on the second
centralizers A := C_{M_1}(N) and B : = C_{M_2}(M) the algebras A and B are
semisimple Hopf algebras dual to one another and such that M_1 is a smash
product of M and A, and that M is a B-Galois extension of N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148139 </DOCNO>
Vacuum densities and zero-point energy for fields obeying Robin


  The Casimir effect for general Robin conditions on the surface of a cylinder
in $D$-spacetime dimensions is studied for massive scalar field with general
curvature coupling. The energy distribution and vacuum stress are investigated.
We separate volumic and superficial energy contributions, for both interior and
exterior space regions. The possibility that some special conditions may be
energetically singled out is indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76329 </DOCNO>
Initial state of the QGP from perturbative QCD + saturation


  The production of the initial state of the QGP in very high-energy $AA$
collisions is discussed within the framework of perturbative QCD and
saturation. The next-to-leading order computation of the transverse energy of
minijets is reviewed. Saturation of parton production, conjectured to occur at
a dynamically determinable perturbative scale, leads to estimates of the
initial densities. The final state multiplicities are predicted by assuming an
isentropic hydrodynamical further evolution. Comparison with RHIC data is
shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114089 </DOCNO>
A density matrix approach to photoinduced electron injection


  Electron injection from an adsorbed molecule to the substrate (heterogeneous
electron transfer) is studied. One reaction coordinate is used to model this
process. The surface phonons and/or the electron-hole pairs together with the
internal degrees of freedom of the adsorbed molecule as well as possibly a
liquid surrounding the molecule provide a dissipative environment, which may
lead to dephasing, relaxation, and sometimes excitation of the relevant system.
In the process studied the adsorbed molecule is excited by a light pulse. This
is followed by an electron transfer from the excited donor state to the
quasi-continuum of the substrate. It is assumed that the substrate is a
semiconductor. The effects of dissipation on electron injection are
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124674 </DOCNO>
BMW: a ROSAT-HRI source catalogue obtained with a wavelet transform


  In collaboration with the Observatories of Palermo and Rome and the SAX-SDC
we are constructing a multi-site interactive archive system featuring specific
analysis tools. In this context we developed a detection algorithm based on the
Wavelet Transform (WT) and performed a systematic analysis of all ROSAT-HRI
public data (~3100 observations +1000 to come). The WT is specifically suited
to detect and characterize extended sources while properly detecting point
sources in very crowded fields. Moreover, the good angular resolution of HRI
images allows the source extension and position to be accurately determined.
This effort has produced the BMW (Brera Multiscale Wavelet) catalogue, with
more than 19,000 sources detected at the ~4.2sigma level. For each source
detection we have information on the position, X-ray flux and extension. This
allows for instance to select complete samples of extended X-ray sources such
as candidate clusters of galaxies or SNR's. Details about the detection
algorithm and the catalogue can be found in Lazzati et al. (1999), Campana et
al. (1999) and Panzera et al. (2001). Here we shall present an overview of
first results from several undergoing projects which make use of the BMW
catalogue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1280 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation of nonzero-center-of-mass-momentum Cooper


  Cooper pair (CP) binding with both zero and nonzero center-of-mass momenta
(CMM) is studied with a set of renormalized equations assuming a short-ranged
(attractive) pairwise interfermion interaction. Expanding the associated
dispersion relation in 2D in powers of the CMM, in weak-to-moderate coupling a
term {\it linear} in the CMM dominates the pair excitation energy, while the
quadratic behavior usually assumed in Bose-Einstein (BE)-condensation studies
prevails for any coupling {\it only} in the limit of zero Fermi velocity when
the Fermi sea disappears, i.e., in vacuum. In 3D this same behavior is observed
numerically. The linear term, moreover, exhibits CP breakup beyond a threshold
CMM value which vanishes with coupling. This makes all the excited
(nonzero-CMM) BE levels with preformed CPs collapse into a single ground level
so that a BCS condensate (where only zero CMM CPs are usually allowed) appears
in zero coupling to be a special case in either 2D or 3D of the BE condensate
of linear-dispersion-relation CPs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113791 </DOCNO>
Unification By Induction


  We show that the problem of unifying electromagnetism with gravity has an
elegant solution in classical physics through the phenomenon of induction. By
studying the way that induction leads to the formation of electromagnetic
fields, we identify the classical field equations which the unified field must
satisfy and a corresponding set of constitutive equations for the medium
sustaining the field. The unification problem is then reduced to the problem of
finding the exact form of these constitutive equations for different media by
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96397 </DOCNO>
Dynamical r-matrices and the chiral WZNW phase space


  The dynamical generalization of the classical Yang-Baxter equation that
governs the possible Poisson structures on the space of chiral WZNW fields with
generic monodromy is reviewed. It is explained that for particular choices of
the chiral WZNW Poisson brackets this equation reduces to the CDYB equation
recently studied by Etingof--Varchenko and others. Interesting dynamical
r-matrices are obtained for generic monodromy as well as by imposing Dirac
constraints on the monodromy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4688 </DOCNO>
Anomalous optical absorption in overdoped cuprates near the


  We propose an interpretation for the hump observed in the optical
conductivity at or below a few hundreds of cm$^{-1}$, in overdoped cuprates
like the electron-doped Nd_{2-x}Ce_xCuO_{4-y} at x\gtrsim 0.15 and the
hole-doped Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6 and La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4. This interpretation is based on
the direct excitation of charge collective modes, which become nearly critical
in the proximity to a charge-ordering instability. The nearly critical
character of these excitations entails a peculiar temperature dependence and a
pseudo-scaling form of the lineshapes, which are in agreement with the
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81471 </DOCNO>
I=0 scalar channel


  Using lattice QCD with dynamical Wilson fermions, we study I=0 and
$J^{P}=0^{+}$ channel which is constructed by
$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\bar{u}u+\bar{d}d)|0>$, in order to search for the $\sigma$
meson. Our preliminary result shows that the connected and disconnected
diagrams contribute to the $\sigma$ meson propagator in the same order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2709 </DOCNO>
Stability and collapse of a hybrid Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms and


  The dynamics of stability and collapse of a trapped atomic Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC) coupled to a molecular one is studied using the time-dependent
Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation including a nonlinear interaction term which can
transform two atoms into a molecule and vice versa. We find interesting
oscillation of the number of atoms and molecules for a BEC of fixed mass. This
oscillation is a consequence of continuous transformation in the condensate of
two atoms into a molecule and vice versa. For the study of collapse an
absorptive contact interaction and an imaginary quartic three-body
recombination term are included in the GP equation. It is possible to have a
collapse of one or both components when one or more of the nonlinear terms in
the GP equation are attractive in nature, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98812 </DOCNO>
Nontopological Methods for Determining Topological Charge for Bosons and


  An alternative method to the topological instanton solution for deriving an
expression for the topological charge is presented. This alternative method
involves the use of relativistic quantum field theory and covariant
electrodynamics. In the case of bosons, this method is consistent with the
instanton solution in predicting that topological charge is quantized. But
furthermore, this method led to the new results that topological charge for
fermions cannot be quantized, whereas the instanton solution cannot distinguish
between bosons (quantized) and fermions (not quantized). Thus the new technique
produced results that were previously unobtainable. Mathematics Subject
Classifications (1991): // Key words: Topological charge, Dirac quantization
condition, Klein-Gordon equation

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4106 </DOCNO>
Halting viruses in scale-free networks


  The vanishing epidemic threshold for viruses spreading on scale-free networks
indicate that traditional methods, aiming to decrease a virus' spreading rate
cannot succeed in eradicating an epidemic. We demonstrate that policies that
discriminate between the nodes, curing mostly the highly connected nodes, can
restore a finite epidemic threshold and potentially eradicate a virus. We find
that the more biased a policy is towards the hubs, the more chance it has to
bring the epidemic threshold above the virus' spreading rate. Furthermore, such
biased policies are more cost effective, requiring less cures to eradicate the
virus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73076 </DOCNO>
Finite Radiative Electroweak Symmetry Breaking from the Bulk


  A new physical origin for electroweak symmetry breaking is proposed,
involving compact spatial dimensions of scale 1/R \approx 1 TeV. The higher
dimensional theory is supersymmetric, and hence requires the top-quark Yukawa
coupling to be localized on some ``Yukawa brane'' in the bulk. The short
distance divergence in the Higgs-boson mass is regulated because supersymmetry
is unbroken in the vicinity of this Yukawa brane. A finite, negative Higgs
mass-squared is generated radiatively by the top-quark supermultiplet
propagating a distance of order R from the Yukawa brane to probe supersymmetry
breaking. The physics of electroweak symmetry breaking is therefore closely
related to this top propagation across the bulk, and is dominated by the mass
scale 1/R, with exponential insensitivity to higher energy scales. The masses
of the superpartners and the Kaluza-Klein resonances are also set by the mass
scale 1/R, which is naturally larger than the W boson mass by a loop factor.
  Explicit models are constructed which are highly constrained and predictive.
The finite radiative correction to the Higgs mass is computed, and the Higgs
sector briefly explored. The superpartner and Kaluza-Klein resonance spectra
are calculated, and the problem of flavor violation from squark and slepton
exchange is solved. Important collider signatures include highly ionizing
charged tracks from stable top squarks, and events with two Higgs bosons and
missing transverse energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169380 </DOCNO>
EPR Type Nonlocality in Classical Electrodynamics!


  It is shown that classical electrodynamics in its alternative
Kemmer-Duffin-Petiau-Harish-Chandra formulation surprisingly reveals a Hilbert
space structure leading to the possibility of entangled states of classical
radiation, and this in turn implies the violation of Einstein-Bell locality in
spite of Lorentz invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74908 </DOCNO>
Gauge-Higgs Unification in Higher Dimensions


  The electroweak Higgs doublets are identified as components of a vector
multiplet in a higher dimensional supersymmetric field theory. We construct a
minimal model in 6D where the electroweak $SU(2) \otimes U(1)$ gauge group is
extended to SU(3), and unified 6D models with the unified SU(5) gauge symmetry
extended to SU(6). In these realistic theories the extended gauge group is
broken by orbifold boundary conditions, leaving Higgs doublet zero modes which
have Yukawa couplings to quarks and leptons on the orbifold fixed points. In
one SU(6) model the weak mixing angle receives power law corrections, while in
another the fixed point structure forbids such corrections. A 5D model is also
constructed in which the Higgs doublet contains the fifth component of the
gauge field. In this case Yukawa couplings are introduced as non-local
operators involving the Wilson line of this gauge field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98990 </DOCNO>
Bound states in straight quantum waveguides with combined boundary


  We investigate the discrete spectrum of the Hamiltonian describing a quantum
particle living in the two-dimensional straight strip. We impose the combined
Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions on different parts of the boundary.
Several statements on the existence or the absence of the discrete spectrum are
proven for two models with combined boundary conditions. Examples of
eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are computed numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125185 </DOCNO>
Timescale Stretch Parameterization of Type Ia Supernova B-band Light


  R-band intensity measurements along the light curve of Type Ia supernovae
discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) are fitted in brightness to
templates allowing a free parameter the time-axis width factor w = s(1+z). The
data points are then individually aligned in the time-axis, normalized and
K-corrected back to the rest frame, after which the nearly 1300 normalized
intensity measurements are found to lie on a well-determined common rest-frame
B-band curve which we call the ``composite curve''. The same procedure is
applied to 18 low-redshift Calan/Tololo SNe with z < 0.11; these nearly 300
B-band photometry points are found to lie on the composite curve equally well.
The SCP search technique produces several measurements before maximum light for
each supernova. We demonstrate that the linear stretch factor, s, which
parameterizes the light-curve timescale appears independent of z,and applies
equally well to the declining and rising parts of the light curve. In fact, the
B-band template that best fits this composite curve fits the individual
supernova photometry data when stretched by a factor s with chi^2/DoF approx =
1, thus as well as any parameterization can, given the current data sets. The
measurement of the date of explosion, however, is model dependent and not
tightly constrained by the current data.
  We also demonstrate the 1+z light-curve time-axis broadening expected from
cosmological expansion. This argues strongly against alternative explanations,
such as tired light, for the redshift of distant objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149303 </DOCNO>
On the Supersymmetric Index of the M-theory 5-brane and Little String


  We propose a six-dimensional framework to calculate the supersymmetric index
of M-theory 5-branes wrapped on a six-manifold with product topology $M_4\times
T^2$, where $M_4$ is a holomorphic 4-cycle in a Calabi-Yau three-fold. This is
obtained by zero-modes counting of the self-dual tensor contribution plus
``little'' string states and correctly reproduces the known results which can
be obtained by shrinking or blowing the $T^2$ volume parameter. We also extract
the geometric moduli space of the multi M5-brane system and infer the generic
structure of the supersymmetric index for more general geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1818 </DOCNO>
Andreev States in long shallow SNS constrictions


  We study Andreev bound states in a long shallow normal constriction, which is
open to a superconductor at both ends. The interesting features of such setup
include the absence of electron-hole symmetry and the interference of electron
waves along the constriction. We compare results of a numerical approach based
on the Bogoliubov equations with those of a refined semiclassical description.
Three types of Andreev bound states occur in the constriction: {\it i}) one
where both electron and hole wave part of the bound state propagate through the
constriction, {\it ii}) one where neither electron nor hole wave part
propagate, and {\it iii}) one where only the electron wave propagates. We show
that in a wide energy region the spacing between the Andreev states is strongly
modulated by the interference of electron waves passing the constriction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74010 </DOCNO>
A Light Higgs Boson Explanation for the g-2 Crisis


  A light CP-even Higgs boson with a mass of around 10 GeV could explain the
recent BNL measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. This observation
is based on a general CP-conserving two Higgs doublet extension of the Standard
Model with no tree-level flavor changing neutral current couplings. The Higgs
mass is constrained by experiments at CESR and LEP to be less than twice the
lightest B-meson mass and greater than (roughly) the Upsilon mass. It may be
possible to exclude or discover such a Higgs boson by fully analyzing the
existing LEP data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174647 </DOCNO>
Normalization of neutron-proton differential cross sections


  The np differential cross section below 350 MeV neutron laboratory energy is
studied using the energy-dependent Nijmegen partial-wave analysis PWA93. We
analyze in detail three experiments, performed at LAMPF, at TRIUMF, and at the
TSL facility in Uppsala. The issue of normalization of $np$ cross sections is
discussed, where we distinguish between measured and calculated normalizations.
This analysis leads to improved treatments of the LAMPF and TRIUMF data over
PWA93. It is shown that the LAMPF and TRIUMF data at Tlab = 212 MeV are in good
agreement with PWA93, that the LAMPF data at Tlab = 162 MeV is also in good
agreement with PWA93, but that the Uppsala data at 162 MeV is in strong
disagreement with PWA93. The reason for the disagreement is, almost certainly,
a systematic flaw in the slope of the Uppsala data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5772 </DOCNO>
Interference between Extrinsic and Intrinsic Losses in XAFS


  The interference between extrinsic and intrinsic losses in x-ray absorption
fine structure (XAFS) is treated within a Green's function formalism, without
explicit reference to final states. The approach makes use of a quasi-boson
representation of excitations and perturbation theory in the interaction
potential between electrons and quasi-bosons. These losses lead to an
asymmetric broadening of the main quasi-particle peak plus an energy-dependent
satellite in the spectral function. The x-ray absorption spectra (XAS) is then
given by a convolution of an effective spectral function over a one-electron
cross-section. It is shown that extrinsic and intrinsic losses tend to cancel
near excitation thresholds, and correspondingly, the strength in the main peak
increases. At high energies, the theory crosses-over to the sudden
approximation. These results thus explain the observed weakness of
multi-electron excitations in XAS. The approach is applied to estimate the
many-body corrections to XAFS, beyond the usual mean-free-path, using a phasor
summation over the spectral function. The asymmetry of the spectral function
gives rise to an additional many-body phase shift in the XAFS formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114122 </DOCNO>
Temperature and spatial diffusion of atoms cooled in a 3D lin$\perp$lin


  We present a detailed experimental study of a three-dimensional lin$\perp$lin
bright optical lattice. Measurements of the atomic temperature and spatial
diffusion coefficients are reported for different angles between the lattice
beams, i.e. for different lattice constants. The experimental findings are
interpretated with the help of numerical simulations. In particular we show,
both experimentally and theoretically, that the temperature is independent of
the lattice constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75001 </DOCNO>
Electroweak corrections to the observables of W-boson production at RHIC


  The processes of the single W-production in hadron-hadron collisions are
suggested for investigation of the nucleon spin. An approach is proposed for
the determination of quark spin densities at low x. The lowest order
electroweak radiative corrections to the observable quantities are calculated.
The numerical calculations of the cross sections and the single spin
asymmetries taking into consideration the electroweak corrections at RHIC
energies have been made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126106 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Energy of the Intergalactic Medium from Galactic Black Holes


  A quantitative analysis of two radio source samples having opposite extremes
of ambient gas density leads to important new conclusions about the magnetic
energy in the IGM. We conclude that giant sources in rarefied IGM environments,
which contain magnetic energies E_B ~ 10^60-61 ergs, can be viewed as important
"calorimeters" of the minimum energy a black hole (BH) accretion disk system
injects into the IGM. In contrast to the radiation energy released by BH
accretion, most of the magnetic energy is "trapped" initially in a volume, up
to ~10^73 cm^3, around the host galaxy. But since these large, Mpc scale radio
lobes are still overpressured after the AGN phase, their subsequent expansion
and diffusion will magnetize a large fraction of the entire IGM. This suggests
that the energy stored in intergalactic magnetic fields will have a major, as
yet underestimated effect on the evolution of subsequently forming galaxies.
Comparison with the second sample, consisting of sources within 150 kpc of rich
cluster cores, shows that the minimum magnetic energy E_B can be a strongly
variable fraction of the inferred accretion energy E_acc, and that it depends
on the ambient IGM environment. AGNs inject significant energy as PdV work on
the thermal ICM gas, and their magnetic energy, even ignoring the contribution
from stellar and starburst outflows, is sufficient to account for that recently
found beyond the inner cores of galaxy clusters. Other loss processes in the
course of the lobe expansion are considered. We conclude that the aggregate IGM
magnetic energy derived purely from galactic black holes since the first epoch
of significant galaxy BH formation is sufficiently large that it will have an
important influence on the process of both galaxy and visible structure
formation on scales up to ~ 1Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86512 </DOCNO>
A Note on Conifolds


  We present the Ricci-flat metric and its Kahler potential on the conifold
with the O(N) isometry, whose conical singularity is repaired by the complex
quadric surface Q^{N-2} = SO(N)/SO(N-2)xU(1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4744 </DOCNO>
Self-Trapped Exciton Defects in a Charge Density Wave: Electronic


  In the previous paper, it was shown that holes doped into BaBiO3 self-trap as
small polarons and bipolarons. These point defects are energetically favorable
partly because they undo locally the strain in the charge-density-wave (Peierls
insulator) ground state. In this paper the neutral excitations of the same
model are discussed. The lowest electronic excitation is predicted to be a
self-trapped exciton, consisting of an electron and a hole located on adjacent
Bi atoms. This excitation has been seen experimentally (but not identified as
such) via the Urbach tail in optical absorption, and the multi-phonon spectrum
of the ``breathing mode'' seen in Raman scattering. These two phenomena occur
because of the Franck-Condon effect associated with oxygen displacement in the
excited state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75124 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological Equations of State for the Quark-Gluon Plasma


  Two phenomenological models describing an SU(N) quark-gluon plasma are
presented. The first is obtained from high temperature expansions of the free
energy of a massive gluon, while the second is derived by demanding color
neutrality over a certain length scale. Each model has a single free parameter,
exhibits behavior similar to lattice simulations over the range T_d - 5T_d, and
has the correct blackbody behavior for large temperatures. The N = 2
deconfinement transition is second order in both models, while N = 3,4, and 5
are first order. Both models appear to have a smooth large-N limit. For N >= 4,
it is shown that the trace of the Polyakov loop is insufficient to characterize
the phase structure; the free energy is best described using the eigenvalues of
the Polyakov loop. In both models, the confined phase is characterized by a
mutual repulsion of Polyakov loop eigenvalues that makes the Polyakov loop
expectation value zero. In the deconfined phase, the rotation of the
eigenvalues in the complex plane towards 1 is responsible for the approach to
the blackbody limit over the range T_d - 5T_d. The addition of massless quarks
in SU(3) breaks Z(3) symmetry weakly and eliminates the deconfining phase
transition. In contrast, a first-order phase transition persists with
sufficiently heavy quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86170 </DOCNO>
Functional Schroedinger picture for conformally flat spacetime with


  A quantum-field model of the conformally flat space is formulated using a
standard field-theoretical technique, a probability interpretation and a way to
establish the classical limit. The starting point is the following: after
conformal transformation of the Einstein -- Hilbert action, the conformal
factor represents a scalar field with the negative kinetical term and the
self-interaction inspired by the cosmological constant. (It has been found that
quanta of such action have a negative value as a sequence of the negative
energy.) The metric energy-momentum tensor of this scalar field is proportional
to the Einstein tensor for the initial metric. Therefore, a vacuum state of the
field is treated as a classical space. In such vacuum the zero mode is a scale
factor of the flat Friedmann Universe. It is shown that conformal factor may be
viewed as a an inflaton field, and its small non-homogeneities represent gauge
invariant scalar metric perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125540 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of a Cluster and Two Quasars at High Redshift


  We observed MS 1054-0321, the highest redshift cluster of galaxies in the
Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS), with the Chandra ACIS-S detector. We
find the X-ray temperature of the cluster to be 10.4^{+1.7}_{-1.5} keV,
slightly lower than that inferred previously and in agreement with the observed
velocity dispersion and that found from weak lensing. We confirm significant
substructure in the form of two distinct clumps in the X-ray distribution. We
find the virial mass of the cluster to be at least 4.5 x 10^{14} h^{-1}
M_{\odot} and the existence of this cluster constrains Omega_m to be less than
one. If Omega_m = 1 and assuming Gaussian initial perturbations, we find the
probability of observing MS 1054 in the EMSS is ~ 7 x 10^{-4}. We also present
the first high-resolution X-ray spectra of two high-redshift quasars, S5
0836+710 and PKS 2149-306, obtained with the Chandra HETGS. The primary goal of
this observation is to use the high spectral resolving power of the HETGS to
detect X-ray absorption produced by a hot intergalactic medium. No significant
emission or absorption feature is detected in either source at +/-3sigma level.
Based on the detection limits we constrain the properties of possible emitters
and absorbers. We propose a method to constrain the cosmological parameters via
the X-ray forest theory, but current data do not give significant constraints.
We also find that combined with the constraints from the distortion of the CMB
spectrum, the X-ray Gunn-Peterson test can marginally constrain a uniform,
enriched IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99121 </DOCNO>
A disjointness type property of conditional expectation operators


  We give a characterization of conditional expectation operators through a
disjointness type property similar to band preserving operators. We say that
the operator $T:X\to X$ on a Banach lattice $X$ is semi band preserving if and
only if for all $f, g \in X$, $f \perp Tg$ implies that $Tf \perp Tg$. We prove
that when
 $X$ is a purely atomic Banach lattice, then an operator $T$ on $X$ is a
weighted conditional expectation operator if and only if $T$ is semi band
preserving.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2585 </DOCNO>
Long-time discrete particle effects versus kinetic theory in the


  The influence of the finite number N of particles coupled to a monochromatic
wave in a collisionless plasma is investigated. For growth as well as damping
of the wave, discrete particle numerical simulations show an N-dependent long
time behavior resulting from the dynamics of individual particles. This
behavior differs from the one due to the numerical errors incurred by Vlasov
approaches. Trapping oscillations are crucial to long time dynamics, as the
wave oscillations are controlled by the particle distribution inhomogeneities
and the pulsating separatrix crossings drive the relaxation towards thermal
equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81324 </DOCNO>
Testing Dimensional Reduction in SU(2) Gauge Theory


  At high temperature, every $(d+1)$-dimensional theory can be reformulated as
an effective theory in $d$ dimensions. We test the numerical accuracy of this
Dimensional Reduction for (3+1)-dimensional SU(2) by comparing perturbatively
determined effective couplings with lattice results as the temperature is
progressively lowered. We observe an increasing disagreement between numerical
and perturbative values from $T=4 T_c$ downwards, which may however be due to
somewhat different implementations of dimensional reduction in the two cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127 </DOCNO>
Random bond Ising systems on a general hierarchical lattice: Exact


  Random bond Ising systems on a general hierarchical lattice are considered.
Interesting inequalities between eigenvalues of the Jacobian renormalization
matrix at the pure fixed point are obtained. These lead to upper bounds on the
crossover exponents $\{\phi_i\}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73510 </DOCNO>
The Anisotropy of the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays


  Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) may originate from the decay of
massive relic particles in the dark halo of the Galaxy, or they may be produced
by supermassive black holes in the nuclei of nearby galaxies. The anisotropy in
the arrival directions is studied in four dark halo models (cusped, isothermal,
triaxial and tilted) and in four galaxy samples (galaxies intrinsically
brighter than Centaurus A within 50 and 100 Mpc, and brighter than M32 within
50 and 100 Mpc). In decaying dark matter models, the amplitude of the
anisotropy is controlled by the size of the Galactic halo, while the phase is
controlled by the shape. In the northern hemisphere, the amplitude is about 0.5
for cusped haloes, but falls to roughly 0.3 for isothermal haloes. The phase
points in the direction of the Galactic Centre, with deviations of up to 30
degrees possible for triaxial and tilted haloes. The effect of the halo of M31
is too weak to provide conclusive evidence for the decaying dark matter origin
of UHECRs. In extragalactic models, samples of galaxies brighter than Centaurus
A produce substantial anisotropies (roughly 1.8), much larger than the limits
set by the available data. If all galaxies brighter than M32 contribute, then
the anisotropy is more modest (roughly 0.5) and is directed toward mass
concentrations in the supergalactic plane, like the Virgo cluster. Predictions
are made for the southern hemisphere station of the Pierre Auger Observatory.
If the UHECRs have a Galactic origin, then the phase points towards the
Galactic Centre. If they have an extragalactic origin, then it points in the
rough direction of the Fornax cluster. This provides an unambiguous
discriminant and requires about 350-500 events at South Auger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125105 </DOCNO>
Statistical properties of ultraluminous IRAS galaxies from an HST


  We perform photometric measurements on a large HST snapshot imaging survey
sample of 97 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). We select putative
nuclei from bright clumps in all the sample targets, mainly based on a
quantitative criterion of I-band luminosity as well as the global and local
morphological information. All the sources are then classified into three
categories with multiple, double and single nucleus/nuclei. The resultant
fractions of multiple, double and single nucleus/nuclei ULIRGs are 18%, 39% and
43%, respectively. This supports the multiple merger scenario as a possible
origin of ULIRGs, in addition to the commonly-accepted pair merger model.
Further statistical studies indicate that the AGN fraction increases from
multiple (36%) to double (65%) and then to single (80%) nucleus/nuclei ULIRGs.
For the single nucleus category, there is a high luminosity tail in the
luminosity distribution, which corresponds to a Seyfert 1/QSO excess. This
indicates that active galactic nuclei tend to appear at final merging stage.
For multiple/double nuclei galaxies, we also find a high fraction of very close
nucleus pairs (e.g., 3/4 for those separated by less than 5 kpc). This
strengthens the conclusion that systems at late merging phase preferentially
host ULIRGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174809 </DOCNO>
A Study of Parton Energy Loss in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC using


  Parton energy loss in Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies is studied by
numerically solving the relativistic Boltzmann equation for the partons
including $2 \leftrightarrow 2$ and $2 \to 2 + final state radiation$ collision
processes. Final particle spectra are obtained using two hadronization models;
the Lund string fragmentation and independent fragmentation models. Recent,
preliminary $\pi^0$ transverse momentum distributions from central Au+Au
collisions at RHIC are reproduced using gluon-gluon scattering cross sections
of 5-12 mb, depending upon the hadronization model. Comparisons with the HIJING
jet quenching algorithm are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1060 </DOCNO>
Crackling Noise


  Crackling noise arises when a system responds to changing external conditions
through discrete, impulsive events spanning a broad range of sizes. A wide
variety of physical systems exhibiting crackling noise have been studied, from
earthquakes on faults to paper crumpling. Because these systems exhibit regular
behavior over many decades of sizes, their behavior is likely independent of
microscopic and macroscopic details, and progress can be made by the use of
very simple models. The fact that simple models and real systems can share the
same behavior on a wide range of scales is called universality. We illustrate
these ideas using results for our model of crackling noise in magnets,
explaining the use of the renormalization group and scaling collapses. This
field is still developing: we describe a number of continuing challenges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179085 </DOCNO>
Vector Meson Propagator and Baryon Current Conservation


  If baryons couple only with $\omega $-mesons, one found the baryon spectral
function may be negative. We show this unacceptable result is caused by the
$k_\mu k_\nu $-terms in the $\omega $-meson propagator. Their contribution may
not vanish in approximate calculations which violate the baryon current
conserves. A rule is suggested, by which the calculated baryon spectral
function is well behaved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114314 </DOCNO>
Combined CI+MBPT calculations of energy levels and transition amplitudes


  Configuration interaction (CI) calculations in atoms with two valence
electrons, carried out in the V(N-2) Hartree-Fock potential of the core, are
corrected for core-valence interactions using many-body perturbation theory
(MBPT). Two variants of the mixed CI+MBPT theory are described and applied to
obtain energy levels and transition amplitudes for Be, Mg, Ca, and Sr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123830 </DOCNO>
A first EGRET-UNID-related agenda for the next-generation Cherenkov


  The next generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) will
open the regime between approx. 30 GeV and 200 GeV to ground-based gamma
observations with unprecedented point source sensitivity and source location
accuracy. I examine the prospects of observing the unidentified objects (UNIDs)
of the Third EGRET Catalog using the IACT observatories currently under
construction by the CANGAROO, HESS, MAGIC and VERITAS collaborations. Assuming
a modest spectral steepening similar to that observed in the inverse Compton
component of the Crab Nebula spectrum and taking into account the sensitivity
of the instruments and its zenith angle dependence, a detailed list of 78
observable objects is derived which is then further constrained to 38 prime
candidates. The characteristics of this agenda are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125101 </DOCNO>
Towards Better Age Estimates for Stellar Populations: The Y^2 Isochrones


  We have constructed a new set of isochrones, called the Y^2 Isochrones, that
represent an update of the Revised Yale Isochrones (RYI), using improved
opacities and equations of state. Helium diffusion and convective core
overshoot have also been taken into consideration. This first set of isochrones
is for the scaled solar mixture. A subsequent paper will consider the effects
of alpha-element enhancement, believed to be relevant in many stellar systems.
Two additionally significant features of these isochrones are that (1) the
stellar models start their evolution from the pre-main sequence birthline
instead of from the zero-age main sequence, and (2) the color transformation
has been performed using both the latest table of Lejeune et al., and the
older, but now modified, Green et al. table. The isochrones have performed well
under the tests conducted thus far. The reduction in the age of the Galactic
globular clusters caused by this update in stellar models alone is
approximately 15% relative to RYI-based studies. When the suggested
modification for the alpha-element enhancement is made as well, the total age
reduction becomes approximately 20%. When post-RGB evolutionary stages are
included, we find that the ages of globular clusters derived from integrated
colors are consistent with the isochrone fitting ages. Isochrones are available
from http://achee.srl.caltech.edu.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6897 </DOCNO>
Magnetoexcitons in quantum-ring structures: a novel magnetic


  A novel magnetic interference effect is proposed for a neutral, but
polarizable exciton in a quantum ring with a finite width. The magnetic
interference effect originates from the nonzero dipole moment in the exciton.
The ground state of exciton acquires a nonzero angular momentum with increasing
normal magnetic field. This leads to the suppression of the photoluminescence
in defined windows of the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74222 </DOCNO>
The width difference of B_s mesons


  Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the width difference Delta Gamma in
the B_s-meson system are presented. I further discuss how Delta Gamma can be
used to detect new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7358 </DOCNO>
Dynamical ultrametricity in the critical trap model


  We show that the trap model at its critical temperature presents dynamical
ultrametricity in the sense of Cugliandolo and Kurchan [CuKu94]. We use the
explicit analytic solution of this model to discuss several issues that arise
in the context of mean-field glassy dynamics, such as the scaling form of the
correlation function, and the finite time (or finite forcing) corrections to
ultrametricity, that are found to decay only logarithmically with the
associated time scale, as well as the fluctuation dissipation ratio. We also
argue that in the multilevel trap model, the short time dynamics is dominated
by the level which is at its critical temperature, so that dynamical
ultrametricity should hold in the whole glassy temperature range. We revisit
some experimental data on spin-glasses in light of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123669 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Study of the Starburst Galaxy NGC 7714. II: The Balance


  We combine existing multiwavelength data (incl. an HST/GHRS UV spectrum, an
optical spectrum, far-IR, Xray and radio fluxes) with new HST/WFPC2 images,
near-IR photometry and K band spectroscopy. We use these data to constrain the
young, the intermediate age and the old stellar populations in the central 330
pc of the starburst galaxy NGC 7714. [...]
 We find that the young burst responsible for the UV light is only a small part
of an extended episode of enhanced star formation (SF) [...]. The mass of young
and intermediate age stars thus formed equals at least 10% of the mass locked
in pre-existing stars of the underlying galaxy nucleus [...]. The
spectrophotometric SF timescale is long compared to the ~110 Myr elapsed since
closest contact with NGC 7715. The trigger of the starburst remains elusive.
 NGC 7714 owes its brightness in the UV to a few low extinction lines of sight
towards young stars. [...] The different extinction estimates obtained from
different indicators result naturally from the coexistence of populations with
various ages and obscurations. The near-IR continuum image looks smoothest, as
a consequence of lower sensitivity to extinction and of a larger contribution
of old stars. We compare the nuclear properties of NGC 7714 with results from
studies in larger apertures. We emphasize that the global properties of
starburst galaxies are the result of the averaging over many lines of sight
with diverse properties in terms of obscuration and stellar ages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76325 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Magnetogenesis: what we know and what we would like to know


  Problems and perspectives concerning the existence of large-scale magnetic
fields are described. Heeding observations, possible origins and implications
of magnetic fields in spiral galaxies and in regular clusters are scrutinized
in different cosmological frameworks including scenarios where conformal
invariance is broken because of the evolution of the gauge couplings.The
generation of the BAU via hypermagnetic knots is reviewed. It is also argued
that stochastic GW backgrounds can be generated in the LISA frequency range
thanks to the presence of hypermagnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150065 </DOCNO>
The singular geometry of the sliver


  We consider "sliver" states which act as projection operators in the matter
star product of Witten's cubic string field theory. These sliver states, which
might be associated with Dirichlet p-branes, are not finite norm states in the
matter string Hilbert space. We describe the singularities of these states, and
demonstrate that the sliver states are composed of strings having singular
geometric features. These singularities take a particularly simple form in the
zero slope limit alpha' -> 0, where the star algebra factorizes into a product
of the algebra of functions on space-time and the noncommutative star product
of fields associated with higher string modes. An analogy to the sliver
geometry suggests a natural mechanism for describing closed string states in
open string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128543 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Very Extended Emission-Line Region around the Seyfert 2


  We found a very large, 35 kpc, emission-line region around the Seyfert type 2
galaxy NGC 4388, using deep narrow-band imaging with the prime focus camera
(Suprime-Cam) of the Subaru telescope. This region consists of many faint gas
clouds or filaments, and extends northeastwards from the galaxy. The typical
H-alpha luminosity L(H-alpha) of the clouds is 10^37 erg s^-1, and the total
L(H-alpha) of the region within 10 kpc from the nucleus is 2 x 10^38 erg s^-1,
which corresponds to an ionized gas mass of 10^5 M_solar. The map of the
emission-line intensity ratio I([OIII])/I(H-alpha) indicates that the inner (r
< 12 kpc) region of the VEELR may be excited by nuclear ionizing radiation. The
excitation mechanism of the outer (r > 12 kpc) region is unclear, but it is
likely that the nuclear radiation is also a dominant source of its ionization.
We discuss the origin of the ionized gas. Two plausible origins of the gas in
the VEELR are (i) the tidal debris resulting from a past interaction with a
gas-rich dwarf galaxy, i.e., a minor merger, or (ii) the interstellar medium of
NGC 4388, stripped by the ram pressure of the hot intracluster medium of the
Virgo cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95847 </DOCNO>
Co-Frobenius Hopf algebras and the coradical filtration


  We prove that a Hopf algebra with a finite coradical filtration is
co-Frobenius, i. e. there is a non-zero integral on it. As a consequence, we
show that algebras of functions on quantum groups at roots of one are
co-Frobenius. We also characterize co-Frobenius Hopf algebras with coradical a
Hopf subalgebra. This characterization is in the framework of the lifting
method due to H.-J. Schneider and the first-named author. Here is our main
result. Let H be a Hopf algebra whose coradical is a Hopf subalgebra. Let gr H
be the associated graded Hopf algebra and let R be the diagram of H. Then the
following are equivalent: (1) H is co-Frobenius, (2) gr H is co-Frobenius, (3)
R is finite dimensional, (4) the coradical filtration of H is finite. This
Theorem allows to construct many new examples of co-Frobenius Hopf algebras and
opens the way to the classification of ample classes of such Hopf algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76248 </DOCNO>
Light-Front QCD Hamiltonian Dynamics and Constituent Quark Picture in


  After reviewing a connection between quantum chromodynamics and contituent
quark model pictures in the light-front quantization with some comparison and
contrast to the ordinary equal-time bridge a la Bogoliubov-Valatin
transformation, we discuss some newer development of the light-front quark
model phenomenology in exclusive processes including the embedded state. The
skewed parton distribution appears to be a good testing ground for our new
effective treatment of the light-front nonvalence contributions in timelike
exclusive processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75514 </DOCNO>
Analysis of D_s-> phi pi beyond naive factorization


  We analyze the decay $D_s\to \phi \pi$ with QCD factorization in the heavy
quark limit. The nonfactorizable contributions, including hard spectator
contribution are discussed and numerical results are presented. Our predictions
on the branching ratio of the decay are in agreement with the experiment. We
also use a pure phenomenological method to estimate the branching ratio for
$D_s\to \phi\pi$ with the existed $D^0\to K^{*}\pi$ data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113639 </DOCNO>
Do the Laws of Nature and Physics Agree About What is Allowed and


  There are countless examples in the history of science that not only were the
laws of physics often incomplete and more limited in their domain of validity
than was realized, but at times they missed the mark completely. Despite this,
our collective memory is often short on such matters, focusing on present
triumphs and quickly forgetting past failures. This makes us less tolerant to
that which challenges present orthodoxy. It may be of value to recall such past
deficiences as well as present shortcomings, particularly since science may
always be encumbered with such limitations. We can avoid serious pitfalls if we
let the past serve as a guide to the future. Subjects covered will include
Godel's theorem, superconductivity, zero-point energy, the quantum and
classical Aharonov-Bohm and similar effects, theories of general relativity,
Mach's principle, black hole radiation, ball lightning, and the universe(s).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41001 </DOCNO>
CLOUD: an atmospheric research facility at CERN


  This report is the second of two addenda to the CLOUD proposal at CERN
(physics/0104048), which aims to test experimentally the existence a link
between cosmic rays and cloud formation, and to understand the microphysical
mechanism. The document places CLOUD in the framework of a CERN facility for
atmospheric research, and provides further details on the particle beam
requirements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150110 </DOCNO>
The M5-brane on K3 and del Pezzo's and multi-loop string amplitudes


  We study the BPS spectrum of Little String Theory for bound states of
M5-branes wrapped on six manifold of product topology $M_4\times\Sigma_2$ and
the apparence of multi-loop $\theta$-functions in a supersymmetric index
calculation. We find a total reconstruction of the g-loop heterotic
contribution in the case of a double K3 M-theory compactification. Moreover, we
consider total wrapping of M5-branes on del Pezzo surfaces $B_k$ and, by
studying the relevant amplitude, we notice the arising of $\theta$-functions
relative to BPS strings on $T^{k-1}$, i.e. membranes on $T^k$. This happens
because of beautiful relations between four dimensional SYM theories and CFTs
in two dimensions and seems to be linked to a duality recently observed by
A.Iqbal, A.Neitzke and C.Vafa in.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113829 </DOCNO>
Ionization Potential of the Helium Atom


  Ground state ionization potential of the He^4 atom is evaluated to be 5 945
204 221 (42) MHz. Along with lower order contributions, this result includes
all effects of the relative orders alpha^4, alpha^3*m_e/m_alpha and
alpha^5*ln^2(alpha).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1563 </DOCNO>
Spin ordering quantum transitions of superconductors in a magnetic field


  We argue that recent neutron scattering measurements by Lake et. al. (Science
291, 1759 (2001)) of the spin excitation spectrum of LSCO in a magnetic field
can be understood in terms of proximity to a phase with co-existing
superconductivity and spin density wave order. We present a general theory for
such quantum transitions, and argue that their low energy spin fluctuations are
controlled by a singular correction from the superflow kinetic energy, acting
in the region outside the vortex cores. We propose numerous experimental tests
of our theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6708 </DOCNO>
Thermal Transport in Chiral Conformal Theories and Hierarchical Quantum


  Chiral conformal field theories are characterized by a ground-state current
at finite temperature, that could be observed, e.g. in the edge excitations of
the quantum Hall effect. We show that the corresponding thermal conductance is
directly proportional to the gravitational anomaly of the conformal theory,
upon extending the well-known relation between specific heat and conformal
anomaly. The thermal current could signal the elusive neutral edge modes that
are expected in the hierarchical Hall states. We then compute the thermal
conductance for the Abelian multi-component theory and the W-infinity minimal
model, two conformal theories that are good candidates for describing the
hierarchical states. Their conductances agree to leading order but differ in
the first, universal finite-size correction, that could be used as a selective
experimental signature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40750 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillation Workshop 2000: Conference Summary


  The NOW2000 Workshop summarized the present status and future possibilities
for all aspects of neutrino physics and astrophysics. Neutrino oscillation
physics has truly come of age in the last few years. It is now data driven
(analogous to cosmology and much of high energy physics in general).
Experimental techniques and the theoretical interpretation have developed
dramatically. An example of the latter includes the more realistic analysis of
neutrino oscillations in the framework of 3 or more mass eigenstates. The
phenomenological emphasis has shifted from degenerate to hierarchical neutrino
spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123548 </DOCNO>
High-Speed Energy-Resolved STJ Photometry of the Eclipsing Binary UZ For


  We present high time-resolution optical photometry of the eclipsing binary UZ
For using a superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) device, a photon-counting
array detector with intrinsic energy resolution. Three eclipses of the $\sim$18
mag 126.5 min orbital binary were observed using a $6\times6$ array of Tantalum
STJs at the 4.2-m William Herschel Telescope on La Palma. The detector
presently provides individual photon arrival time accuracy to about 5 $\mu$s,
and a wavelength resolution of about 60 nm at 500 nm, with each array element
capable of counting up to $\sim$5000 photons s$^{-1}$. The data allow us to
place accurate constraints on the accretion geometry from our time- and
spectrally-resolved monitoring, especially of the eclipse ingress and egress.
We find that there are two small accretion regions, located close to the poles
of the white dwarf. The positions of these are accurately constrained, and show
little movement from eclipse to eclipse, even over a number of years. The
colour of the emission from the two regions appears similar, although their
X-ray properties are known to be significantly different: we argue that the
usual accretion shock may be absent at the non-X-ray emitting region, and
instead the flow here interacts directly with the white dwarf surface;
alternatively, a special grazing occultation of this region is required. There
is no evidence for any quasi-periodic oscillations on time-scales of the order
of seconds, consistent with relatively stable cyclotron cooling in each
accretion region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1747 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of Canonical-Dissipative Systems and Applications


  We develop the theory of canonical-dissipative systems, based on the
assumption that both the conservative and the dissipative elements of the
dynamics are determined by invariants of motion. In this case, known solutions
for conservative systems can be used for an extension of the dynamics, which
also includes elements such as the take-up/dissipation of energy. This way, a
rather complex dynamics can be mapped to an analytically tractable model, while
still covering important features of non-equilibrium systems. In our paper,
this approach is used to derive a rather general swarm model that considers (a)
the energetic conditions of swarming, i.e. for active motion, (b) interactions
between the particles based on global couplings. We derive analytical
expressions for the non-equilibrium velocity distribution and the mean squared
displacement of the swarm. Further, we investigate the influence of different
global couplings on the overall behavior of the swarm by means of
particle-based computer simulations and compare them with the analytical
estimations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168561 </DOCNO>
Non-thermal nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computing using


  Current experiments in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance quantum
computing are limited by low initial polarization. To address this problem, we
have investigated the use of optical pumping techniques to enhance the
polarization of a 2-qubit NMR quantum computer (13C and 1H in 13CHCl3). To
efficiently use the increased polarization, we have generalized the procedure
for effective pure state preparation. With this new, more flexible scheme, an
effective pure state was prepared with polarization-enhancement of a factor of
10 compared to the thermal state. An implementation of Grover's quantum search
algorithm was demonstrated using this new technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97887 </DOCNO>
Twisted K\"ahler differential forms


  We construct a braided structure on the algebra of K\"ahler differential
forms of a commutative algebra twisted by an endomorphism. This generalises the
construction done in M. Karoubi, Quantum Methods in Algebraic Topology, see
http://www.math.jussieu.fr/~karoubi, for topological purposes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5814 </DOCNO>
Superconductor-insulator quantum phase transition in a single Josephson


  The superconductor-to-insulator quantum phase transition in resistively
shunted Josephson junctions is investigated by means of path-integral Monte
Carlo simulations. This numerical technique allows us to directly access the
(previously unexplored) regime of the Josephson-to-charging energy ratios
E_J/E_C of order one. Our results unambiguously support an earlier theoretical
conjecture, based on renormalization-group calculations, that at T -> 0 the
dissipative phase transition occurs at a universal value of the shunt
resistance R_S = h/4e^2 for all values E_J/E_C. On the other hand,
finite-temperature effects are shown to turn this phase transition into a
crossover, which position depends significantly on E_J/E_C, as well as on the
dissipation strength and on temperature. The latter effect needs to be taken
into account in order to reconcile earlier theoretical predictions with recent
experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4235 </DOCNO>
Magnetic-field-induced superconductivity in layered organic molecular


  The synthetic organic compound lambda-(BETS)2FeCl4 undergoes successive
transitions from an antiferromagnetic insulator to a metal and then to a
superconductor as a magnetic field is increased. We use a Hubbard-Kondo model
to clarify the role of the Fe(3+) magnetic ions in these phase transitions. In
the high-field regime, the magnetic field acting on the electron spins is
compensated by the exchange field He due to the magnetic ions. This suggests
that the field-induced superconducting state is the same as the zero-field
superconducting state which occurs under pressure or when the Fe(3+) ions are
replaced by non-magnetic Ga(3+) ions. We show how He can be extracted from the
observed splitting of the Shubnikov-de Haas frequencies. Furthermore, we use
this method of extracting He to predict the field range for field-induced
superconductivity in other materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149861 </DOCNO>
Four Dimensional CFT Models with Rational Correlation Functions


  Recently established rationality of correlation functions in a globally
conformal invariant quantum field theory satisfying Wightman axioms is used to
construct a family of soluble models in 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time. We
consider in detail a model of a neutral scalar field $\phi$ of dimension 2. It
depends on a positive real parameter c, an analogue of the Virasoro central
charge, and admits for all (finite) c an infinite number of conserved symmetric
tensor currents. The operator product algebra of $\phi$ is shown to coincide
with a simpler one, generated by a bilocal scalar field $V(x_1,x_2)$ of
dimension (1,1). The modes of V together with the unit operator span an
infinite dimensional Lie algebra $L_V$ whose vacuum (i.e. zero energy lowest
weight) representations only depend on the central charge c. Wightman
positivity (i.e. unitarity of the representations of $L_V$) is proven to be
equivalent to $c \in N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113388 </DOCNO>
Quantum Evolution Supergenerator of Superparamagnetic System in Discrete


  The supergenerator of superparamagnetic system quantum evolution is
investigated in discrete orientation model (DOM). It is shown that the
generator is J-self-adjoint one at the case of potential drift field agreed
upon magnetic anisotropy of the sample investigated. Perturbation theory is
used for spectral analysis. The qualitative dependence of resonance absorption
spectrum on the relation between quantum and stochastic parameters is
demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4040 </DOCNO>
Parity-broken ground state for the spin-1 pyrochlore antiferromagnet


  The ground-state properties of the spin-1 pyrochlore antiferromagnet are
studied by applying the VBS-like tetrahedron-unit decomposition to the original
spin system. The symmetrization required on every vertex is taken into account
by introducing a ferromagnetic coupling. The pairwise effective Hamiltonian
between the adjacent tetrahedrons is obtained by considering the next nearest
neighbor and the third neighbor exchange interactions. We find that the
transverse component of the spin chirality exhibits a long-range order,
breaking the parity symmetry of the tetrahedral group, while the chirality
itself is not broken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 307 </DOCNO>
Second Law of Thermodynamics, Macroscopic Observables within Boltzmann's


  Boltzmann's principle S=k ln W allows to extend equilibrium thermo-statistics
to ``Small'' systems without invoking the thermodynamic limit. The clue is to
base statistical probability on ensemble averaging and not on time averaging.
It is argued that due to the incomplete information obtained by macroscopic
measurements thermodynamics handles ensembles or finite-sized sub-manifolds in
phase space and not single time-dependent trajectories. Therefore, ensemble
averages are the natural objects of statistical probabilities. This is the
physical origin of coarse-graining which is not anymore a mathematical ad hoc
assumption. From this concept all equilibrium thermodynamics can be deduced
quite naturally including the most sophisticated phenomena of phase transitions
for ``Small'' systems. Boltzmann's principle is generalized to non-equilibrium
Hamiltonian systems with possibly fractal distributions ${\cal{M}}$ in 6N-dim.
phase space by replacing the conventional Riemann integral for the volume in
phase space by its corresponding box-counting volume. This is equal to the
volume of the closure $\bar{\cal{M}}$. With this extension the Second Law is
derived without invoking the thermodynamic limit. The irreversibility in this
approach is due to the replacement of the phase-space volume by the volume of
its closure $\bar{\cal{M}}$. The physical reason for this replacement is that
macroscopic measurements cannot distinguish ${\cal{M}}$ from $\bar{\cal{M}}$.
Whereas the former is not changing in time due to Liouville's theorem, the
volume of the closure can be larger. In contrast to conventional coarse
graining the box-counting volume is defined in the limit of infinite
resolution. I.e. there is no artificial loss of information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5979 </DOCNO>
Novel stripe-type charge ordering in the metallic A-type antiferromagnet


  We demonstrate that an A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) state of
Pr{0.5}Sr{0.5}MnO{3} exhibits a novel charge ordering which governs the
transport property. This charge ordering is stripe-like, being characterized by
a wave vector q ~ (0,0,0.3) with very anisotropic correlation parallel and
perpendicular to the stripe direction. This charge ordering is specific to the
manganites with relatively wide one-electron band width (W) which often exhibit
a metallic A-type AFM state, and should be strictly distinguished from the
CE-type checkerboard-like charge ordering which is commonly observed in
manganites with narrower W such as La{1-x}Ca{x}MnO{3} and Pr{1-x}Ca{x}MnO{3}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95460 </DOCNO>
A strong Schottky Lemma for nonpositively curved singular spaces


  In this paper we give a criterion for pairs of isometries of a nonpositively
curved metric space to generate a free group. This criterion holds only in
singular spaces, for example in Euclidean buildings.
  The original motivation for our criterion was to prove that the four
dimensional Burau representation is faithful. Although we do not settle this
question, we do exhibit a related 2-parameter family of faithful
representations of the free group F_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113940 </DOCNO>
Gravo-inertial field theory


  Inertia is defined axiomatically. The gravitational field is caused by the
flow of intergalactic masses. Origin of space and time are connected with
fields. The cosmos is bounded by inertia and gravitation, which is the sequence
of existence of two fields, the inertial field and the gravic field as a vortex
field.Gravic and inertial field combine to a unit, the gravo-inertial field.
The separation in gravic and inertial components depend on the coordinate
system of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2749 </DOCNO>
Study of magnetic and specific heat measurements at low temperatures in


  The magnetization at low temperatures for Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 and Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3
samples showed a rapid increase with decreasing temperatures, contrary to a
La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 sample. Specific heat measurement at low temperatures showed a
Schottky-like anomaly for the first two samples. However, there is not a
straight forward correlation between the intrinsic magnetic moment of the Nd3+
ions and the Schottky-like anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1939 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the elementary excitations in high-T_c cuprates: explanation


  Using the Hubbard Hamiltonian we analyze the energy- and momentum-dependence
of the elementary excitations in high-T$_c$ superconductors resulting from the
coupling to spin fluctuations. As a result of the energy dependence of the
self-energy $\Sigma ({\bf k}, \omega)$, characteristic features occur in the
spectral density explaining the 'kink' in recent ARPES experiments. We present
results for the spectral density $A({\bf k}, \omega)$ resulting from the
crossover from Im $\Sigma ({\bf k}, \omega)\propto \omega$ to Im $\Sigma ({\bf
k}, \omega)\propto \omega^2$, for the feedback of superconductivity on the
excitations, and for the superconducting order parameter $\Delta({\bf k},
\omega)$. These results relate also to inelastic neutron scattering and
tunneling experiments and shed important light on the essential ingredients a
theory of the elementary excitations in the cuprates must contain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97091 </DOCNO>
Discrete quantum Drinfeld-Sokolov correspondence


  We construct a discrete quantum version of the Drinfeld-Sokolov
correspondence for the sine-Gordon system. The classical version of this
correspondence is a birational Poisson morphism between the phase space of the
discrete sine-Gordon system and a Poisson homogeneous space. Under this
correspondence, the commuting higher mKdV vector fields correspond to the
action of an Abelian Lie algebra. We quantize this picture (1) by quantizing
this Poisson homogeneous space, together with the action of the Abelian Lie
algebra, (2) by quantizing the sine-Gordon phase space, (3) by computing the
quantum analogues of the integrals of motion generating the mKdV vector fields,
and (4) by constructing an algebra morphism taking one commuting family of
derivations to the other one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74314 </DOCNO>
Hard Exclusive Reactions and the Structure of Hadrons


  We outline in detail the properties of generalized parton distributions
(GPDs), which contain new information on the structure of the nucleon and which
enter the description of hard exclusive reactions. We highlight the physics
content of the GPDs and discuss the quark GPDs in the large $N_c$ limit and
within the context of the chiral quark-soliton model. Guided by this physics,
we then present a general parametrization for these GPDs. Subsequently we
discuss how these GPDs enter in a wide variety of hard electroproduction
processes and how they can be accessed from them. We consider in detail deeply
virtual Compton scattering and the hard electroproduction of mesons. We
identify a list of key observables which are sensitive to the various nucleon
structure aspects contained in the GPDs and which can be addressed by present
and future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2287 </DOCNO>
Understanding hierarchical protein evolution from first principles


  We propose a model that explains the hierarchical organization of proteins in
fold families. The model, which is based on the evolutionary selection of
proteins by their native state stability, reproduces patterns of amino acids
conserved across protein families. Due to its dynamic nature, the model sheds
light on the evolutionary time scales. By studying the relaxation of the
correlation function between consecutive mutations at a given position in
proteins, we observe separation of the evolutionary time scales: at the short
time intervals families of proteins with similar sequences and structures are
formed, while at long time intervals the families of structurally similar
proteins that have low sequence similarity are formed. We discuss the
evolutionary implications of our model. We provide a ``profile'' solution to
our model and find agreement between predicted patterns of conserved amino
acids and those actually observed in nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41107 </DOCNO>
Search for the Decay B+ -> D*+ K0_S


  We report on a search for the decay B+ -> D*+ K0_S and its charge conjugate
with the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). No
candidates are found in 9.10/fb of data. The background is estimated to be 0.29
+- 0.05 leading to an upper limit BF(B+ -> D*+ K0_S) = 9.5 x 10^{-5} (90%
C.L.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125831 </DOCNO>
Evolution of galaxy clusters in $\Lambda$MDM cosmologies


  The time evolution of galaxy cluster abundance is used to constrain
cosmological parameters in dark matter models containing a fraction of hot
particles (massive neutrino). We test the modified MDM models with cosmic
gravitational waves which are in agreement with observational data at $z=0$,
and show that they do not pass the cluster evolution test and therefore should
be ruled out. The models with a non-zero cosmological constant are in better
agreement with the evolution test. We estimate $\Omega_\Lambda$ and find that
it is strongly affected by a small fraction of hot dark matter: $0.4
<\Omega_\Lambda <0.8$ for $\Omega_H /\Omega_M <0.2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41193 </DOCNO>
A New Measurement of the Radiative Ke3 Branching Ratio and Photon


  We present a new measurement of the branching ratio of the decay K_L -> pi e
nu gamma (Ke3g) with respect to K_L -> pi e nu (Ke3), and the first study of
the photon energy spectrum in this decay. We find BR(Ke3g, E*g>30 MeV,
theta*_eg>20 deg)/BR(Ke3) = 0.908 +- 0.008 (stat.) +0.013-0.012 (syst.). Our
measurement of the spectrum is consistent with inner bremsstrahlung as the only
source of photons in Ke3g.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5424 </DOCNO>
Gain and Loss in Quantum Cascade Lasers


  We report gain calculations for a quantum cascade laser using a fully
self-consistent quantum mechanical approach based on the theory of
nonequilibrium Green functions. Both the absolute value of the gain as well as
the spectral position at threshold are in excellent agreement with experimental
findings for T=77 K. The gain strongly decreases with temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81406 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of confining strings in SU(N) gauge theories


  We study the spectrum of the confining strings in four-dimensional SU(N)
gauge theories. We compute, for the SU(4) and SU(6) gauge theories formulated
on a lattice, the string tensions sigma_k related to sources with Z_N charge k,
using Monte Carlo simulations. Our results are consistent with the sine formula
sigma_k/sigma = sin k pi/N / sin pi/N for the ratio between sigma_k and the
standard string tension sigma.
  For the SU(4) and SU(6) cases the accuracy is approximately 1% and 2%,
respectively. The sine formula is known to emerge in various realizations of
supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theories. On the other hand, our results show
deviations from Casimir scaling. We also discuss an analogous behavior
exhibited by two-dimensional SU(N) x SU(N) chiral models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81244 </DOCNO>
Lattice study of nucleon properties with domain wall fermions


  Domain wall fermions (DWF) are a new fermion discretization scheme with
greatly improved chiral symmetry. Our final goal is to study the nucleon spin
structure through lattice simulation using DWF. In this paper, we present our
current progress on two topics toward this goal: 1) the mass spectrum of the
nucleon excited states and 2) the iso-vector vector and axial charges, $g_{V}$
and $g_{A}$, of the nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129267 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Measurement From Python V


  We analyze observations of the microwave sky made with the Python experiment
in its fifth year of operation at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in
Antarctica. After modeling the noise and constructing a map, we extract the
cosmic signal from the data. We simultaneously estimate the angular power
spectrum in eight bands ranging from large (l ~ 40) to small (l ~ 260) angular
scales, with power detected in the first six bands. There is a significant rise
in the power spectrum from large to smaller (l ~ 200) scales, consistent with
that expected from acoustic oscillations in the early Universe. We compare this
Python V map to a map made from data taken in the third year of Python. Python
III observations were made at a frequency of 90 GHz and covered a subset of the
region of the sky covered by Python V observations, which were made at 40 GHz.
Good agreement is obtained both visually (with a filtered version of the map)
and via a likelihood ratio test.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126883 </DOCNO>
Photometry and membership for low mass stars in the young open cluster


  We present the results of a 0.86 square degree CCD photometric survey of the
open cluster NGC 2516, which has an age of about 150 Myr and may have a much
lower metallicity than the similarly-aged Pleiades. We select a preliminary
catalogue of 1254 low mass (between 0.2 and 2.0M_{sun}) cluster candidates, of
which about 70--80 percent are expected to be genuine. The mass function is
metallicity dependent, but consistent with a Salpeter-like law (dN/dlog M ~
M^{-alpha}, alpha=+1.47+/-0.11 or alpha=+1.67+/-0.11 for solar and half-solar
metallicities) between 0.7 and 3.0M_{sun}. At lower masses (between 0.3 and
0.7M_{sun}) there is a sharp fall in the mass function, with alpha=-0.75+/-0.20
(solar metallicity) or alpha=-0.49+/-0.13 (half-solar metallicity), which seems
inconsistent with the much flatter mass functions seen in the Pleiades and
field populations. We explain this by demonstrating that mass segregation has
been at work in NGC 2516 -- more than half the cluster low mass stars are
expected to lie outside out survey. The mass of NGC 2516 stars with mass
greater than 0.3M_{sun} inside our survey is 950-1200M_{sun}, depending on
metallicity and what corrections are applied for unresolved binarity.
Correcting for mass segregation increases this to ~1240-1560M_{sun}, about
twice the total mass of the Pleiades.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125400 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the Red Giant Branches in the Ursa Minor and Draco Dwarf


  Spectra for stars located redward of the fiducial red giant branches of the
Ursa Minor and Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxies have been obtained with the
Hobby-Eberly telescope and the Marcario Low Resolution Spectrometer. From a
comparison of our radial velocities with those reported in previous
medium-resolution studies, we find an average difference of 10 km/s with a
standard deviation of 11 km/s. On the basis of these radial velocities, we
confirm the membership of five stars in Ursa Minor, and find two others to be
nonmembers. One of the confirmed members is a known carbon star which lies
redward of RGB; three others are previously unidentified carbon stars. The
fifth star is a red giant which was found previously by Shetrone et al. (2001)
to have [Fe/H] =-1.68+/-0.11 dex. In Draco, we find eight nonmembers, confirm
the membership of one known carbon star, and find two new members. One of these
stars is a carbon star, while the other shows no evidence for C2 bands or
strong atomic bands, although the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum is low.
Thus, we find no evidence for a population of stars more metal-rich than [Fe/H]
\~ -1.45 dex in either of these galaxies. Indeed, our spectroscopic survey
suggests that every candidate suspected of having a metallicity in excess of
this value based on its position in the color-magnitude diagram is, in
actuality, a carbon star. Based on the census of 13 known carbon stars in these
two galaxies, we estimate of the carbon star specific frequency to be e(dSph) ~
2.4E-5/Lsolarv, 25-100 times higher than that of Galactic globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149341 </DOCNO>
Perturbative world-volume dynamics of the bosonic membrane and string


  We study the world-volume theory of a bosonic membrane perturbatively and
discuss if one can obtain any conditions on the number of space-time dimensions
from the consistency of the theory. We construct an action which is suitable
for such a study. In order to study the theory perturbatively we should specify
a classical background around which perturbative expansion is defined. We will
discuss the conditions which such a background should satisfy to deduce the
critical dimension. Unfortunately we do not know any background satisfying such
conditions. In order to get indirect evidences for the critical dimension of
the membrane, we next consider two string models obtained via double
dimensional reduction of the membrane. The first one reduces to the Polyakov
string theory in the conformal gauge. The second one is described by the Schild
action. We show that the critical dimension is 26 for these string theories,
which implies that the critical dimension is 27 for the membrane theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114480 </DOCNO>
Reevaluation of the role of nuclear uncertainties in experiments on


  In light of new data on neutron distributions from experiments with
antiprotonic atoms [ Trzcinska {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 082501
(2001)], we reexamine the role of nuclear-structure uncertainties in the
interpretation of measurements of parity violation in atoms using chains of
isotopes of the same element. With these new nuclear data, we find an
improvement in the sensitivity of isotopic chain measurements to ``new
physics'' beyond the standard model. We compare possible constraints on ``new
physics'' with the most accurate to date single-isotope probe of parity
violation in the Cs atom. We conclude that presently isotopic chain experiments
employing atoms with nuclear charges Z < 50 may result in more accurate tests
of the weak interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127544 </DOCNO>
The Optical Luminosity Function of Virialized Systems


  We determine the optical luminosity function of virialized systems over the
full range of density enhancements, from single galaxies to clusters of
galaxies. The analysis is based on galaxy systems identified from the Nearby
Optical Galaxy (NOG) sample, which is the largest, all-sky catalog of
objectively- identified bound objects presently available. We find that the
B-band luminosity function of systems is insensitive to the choice of the
group-finding algorithms and is well described, over the absolute-magnitude
range -24.5 < M < -18.5, by a Schechter function with alpha=-1.4, Mstar=-23.1
and phistar=4.8 10^{-4} Mpc^-3 The characteristic luminosity of virialized
systems is ~3 times brighter than that of the luminosity function of galaxies.
Our results show that half of the luminosity of the universe is generated in
systems with L<2.9 Lstar and that 10% of the overall luminosity density is
supplied by systems with L>30 Lstar. We find a significant environmental
dependence in the luminosity function of systems, in the sense that overdense
regions, as measured on scales of 5 Mpc, preferentially host brighter, and
presumably more massive, virialized systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84004 </DOCNO>
Application of digital regulated Power Supplies for Magnet Control at


  The Swiss Light Source (SLS) has in the order of 500 magnet power supplies
(PS) installed, ranging from from 3 A/20 V four-quadrant PS to a 950 A/1000 V
two-quadrant 3 Hz PS. All magnet PS have a local digital controller for a
digital regulation loop and a 5 MHz optical point-to-point link to the VME
level. The PS controller is running a pulse width/pulse repetition regulation
scheme, optional with multiple slave regulation loops. Many internal regulation
parameters and controller diagnostics are readable by the control system.
Industry Pack modules with standard VME carrier cards are used as VME hardware
interface with the high control density of eight links per VME card. The low
level EPICS interface is identical for all 500 magnet PS, including insertion
devices. The digital PS have proven to be very stable and reliable during
commissioning of the light source. All specifications were met for all PS. The
advanced diagnostic for the magnet PS turned out to be very useful not only for
the diagnostic of the PS but also to identify problems on the magnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97032 </DOCNO>
Differential Geometry of Gerbes


  We define in a global manner the notion of a connective structure for a gerbe
on a space X. When the gerbe is endowed with trivializing data with respect to
an open cover of X, we describe this connective structure in two separate ways,
which extend from abelian to general gerbes the corresponding descriptions due
to J.- L. Brylinski and N. Hitchin. We give a global definition of the
3-curvature of this connective structure as a 3-form on X with values in the
Lie stack of the gauge stack of the gerbe. We also study this notion locally in
terms of more traditional Lie algebra-valued 3-forms. The Bianchi identity,
which the curvature of a connection on a principal bundle satisfies, is
replaced here by a more elaborate equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126388 </DOCNO>
Heating of Gas in Galaxy Groups and Clusters


  Was the diffuse gas in galaxy groups and clusters heated at high redshift
before it entered a massive halo, or was the heating produced inside collapsed
objects by SNII accompanying normal star formation? We compare here two
radically different models corresponding to the two scenarios described above.
Our results indicate that internal heating by SNII works better than the
extreme version of external heating that we adopt in reproducing the observed
L-T and entropy-T relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1236 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Suppression of Superconductivity by Spin Imbalance in


  Spin imbalance is predicted to lead to suppression of superconductivity. We
report phenomena manifesting this effect under spin-polarized quasiparticle
currents in ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet single electron transistors.
The measured superconducting gap as a function of magnetic field reveals a
dramatic decrease when the magnetizations of the two leads are in opposite
orientations. The effect of suppression increases with increas-ing voltage but
decreases at elevated temperatures. The possible explanations for these
dependences are given. This method may render it applicable to control
superconductivity at low temperatures and low fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125536 </DOCNO>
Mapping the Galactic Halo. V. Sgr dSph Tidal Debris 60 degrees from the


  As part of the Spaghetti Project Survey (SPS) we have detected a
concentration of giant stars well above expectations for a smooth halo model.
The position (l~350, b~50) and distance (~50 kpc) of this concentration match
those of the Northern over-density detected by SDSS (Yanny et al. 2000, Ivezic
et al. 2000). We find additional evidence for structure at ~80 kpc in the same
direction. We present radial velocities for many of these stars, including the
first published results from the 6.5m Magellan telescope. The radial velocities
for stars in these structures are in excellent agreement with models of the
dynamical evolution of the Sgr dwarf tidal debris, whose center is 60 degrees
away. The metallicity of stars in these streams is lower than that of the main
body of the Sgr dwarf, which may indicate a radial metallicity gradient prior
to disruption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95876 </DOCNO>
Almost disjoint pure subgroups of the Baer-Specker group


  We prove in ZFC that the Baer-Specker group Z^omega has 2^{aleph_1} non-free
pure subgroups of cardinality aleph_1 which are almost disjoint: there is no
non-free subgroup embeddable in any pair.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124600 </DOCNO>
Populations of X-ray binaries and the dynamical history of their host


  The observed luminosity distributions of X-ray sources indicate the presence
of several populations of X-ray binaries in the nearby galaxies. Each
population has its formation and evolutionary history, depending on the host
environment. The features seen in the log N($>$S) -- log S curves for different
types of galaxies and for different galactic components can be reproduced by a
birth-death model, in which the lifespans of the binaries are inversely
proportional to their X-ray brightness. Conversely, the dynamical history of a
galaxy can be inferred from the luminosity distributions of its X-ray binary
populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75794 </DOCNO>
On Search for New Physics in Nonequilibrium Reactor Antineutrino Energy


  The calculations of the time-dependent reactor antineutrino energy spectrum
are presented. Some problems associated with sensitive searches for neutrino
magnetic moment and neutrino oscillations in reactor antineutrino flux are
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5037 </DOCNO>
Distribution of parallel vortices studied by spin-polarized neutron


  We present the studies of non-uniformly distributed vortices in Nb/Al
multilayers at applied field near parallel to film surface by using
spin-polarized neutron reflectivity (SPNR) and DC magnetization measurements.
  We have observed peaks above the lower critical field, Hc1, in the M-H curves
from the multilayers.
  Previous works with a model calculation of minimizing Gibbs free energy have
suggested that the peaks could be ascribed to vortex line transitions for
spatial commensuration in a thin film superconductor. In order to directly
determine the distribution of vortices, we performed SPNR measurements on the
multilayer and found that the distribution and density of vortices are
different at ascending and descending fields. At ascending 2000 Oe which is
just below the first peak in the M-H curve, SPNR shows that vortices are mostly
localized near a middle line of the film meanwhile the vortices are distributed
in broader region at the descending 2000 Oe. That is related to the observation
of more vortices trapped at the descending field. As the applied field is
sightly tilted (< 3.5degree), we observe another peak at a smaller field. The
peak position is consistent with the parallel lower critical field (Hc1||). We
discuss that the vortices run along the applied field below Hc1|| and rotate
parallel to the surface at Hc1||.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75632 </DOCNO>
Twisted supersymmetry and the topology of theory space


  We present examples of four dimensional, non-supersymmetric field theories in
which ultraviolet supersymmetry breaking effects, such as bose-fermi splittings
and the vacuum energy, are suppressed by $(\alpha/4 \pi)^{N}$, where $\alpha$
is a weak coupling factor and $N$ can be made arbitrarily large. The particle
content and interactions of these models are conveniently represented by a
graph with sites and links, describing the gauge theory space structure. While
the theories are supersymmetric ``locally'' in theory space, supersymmetry can
be explicitly broken by topological obstructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5294 </DOCNO>
On the Origin of Peak-dip-hump Structure in the In-plane Optical


  An improved U(1) slave-boson approach is applied to study the optical
conductivity of the two dimensional systems of antiferromagnetically correlated
electrons over a wide range of hole doping and temperature. Interplay between
the spin and charge degrees of freedom is discussed to explain the origin of
the peak-dip-hump structure in the in-plane conductivity of high $T_C$
cuprates. The role of spin fluctuations of short range order(spin singlet pair)
is investigated. It is shown that the spin fluctuations of the short range
order can cause the mid-infrared hump, by exhibiting a linear increase of the
hump frequency with the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg coupling strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1278 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of the coupled time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation:


  We present a numerical study of the coupled time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii
equation, which describes the Bose-Einstein condensate of several types of
trapped bosons at ultralow temperature with both attractive and repulsive
interatomic interactions. The same approach is used to study both stationary
and time-evolution problems. We consider up to four types of atoms in the study
of stationary problems. We consider the time-evolution problems where the
frequencies of the traps or the atomic scattering lengths are suddenly changed
in a stable preformed condensate. We also study the effect of periodically
varying these frequencies or scattering lengths on a preformed condensate.
These changes introduce oscillations in the condensate which are studied in
detail. Good convergence is obtained in all cases studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74595 </DOCNO>
Quantum Anomaly in Molecular Physics


  The interaction of an electron with a polar molecule is shown to be the
simplest realization of a quantum anomaly in a physical system. The existence
of a critical dipole moment for electron capture and formation of anions, which
has been confirmed experimentally and numerically, is derived. This phenomenon
is a manifestation of the anomaly associated with quantum symmetry breaking of
the classical scale invariance exhibited by the point-dipole interaction.
Finally, analysis of symmetry breaking for this system is implemented within
two different models: point dipole subject to an anomaly and finite dipole
subject to explicit symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75911 </DOCNO>
Quark-hadron duality and the nuclear EMC effect


  Recent data on polarized proton knockout reactions off He-4 nuclei suggest a
small but nonzero modification of proton electromagnetic form factors in
medium. Using model independent relations derived on the basis of quark-hadron
duality, we relate the medium modification of the form factors to the
modification at large x of the deep-inelastic structure function of a bound
proton. This places strong constraints on models of the nuclear EMC effect
which assume a large deformation of the intrinsic structure of the nucleon in
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40853 </DOCNO>
CP Asymmetries in $b \to (s/d)$ Transitions as a Test of CKM CP


  We point out that a simple test of the mechanism of CP violation can be
performed by a measurement of the CP asymmetries in exclusive and inclusive
radiative rare decays. We show that the rate asymmetries $\Delta \Gamma =
\Gamma(B^- \to f \gamma) - \Gamma(B^+ \to \bar{f} \gamma)$} for certain final
states $f$ can be predicted in a theoretically clean way. Some implications for
$b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4254 </DOCNO>
Fast Tree Search for Enumeration of a Lattice Model of Protein Folding


  Using a fast tree-searching algorithm and a Pentium cluster, we enumerated
all the sequences and compact conformations (structures) for a protein folding
model on a cubic lattice of size $4\times3\times3$. We used two types of amino
acids -- hydrophobic (H) and polar (P) -- to make up the sequences, so there
were $2^{36} \approx 6.87 \times 10^{10}$ different sequences. The total number
of distinct structures was 84,731,192. We made use of a simple solvation model
in which the energy of a sequence folded into a structure is minus the number
of hydrophobic amino acids in the ``core'' of the structure. For every
sequence, we found its ground state or ground states, i.e., the structure or
structures for which its energy is lowest. About 0.3% of the sequences have a
unique ground state. The number of structures that are unique ground states of
at least one sequence is 2,662,050, about 3% of the total number of structures.
However, these ``designable'' structures differ drastically in their
designability, defined as the number of sequences whose unique ground state is
that structure. To understand this variation in designability, we studied the
distribution of structures in a high dimensional space in which each structure
is represented by a string of 1's and 0's, denoting core and surface sites,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74821 </DOCNO>
Factorization in hard diffraction


  In this talk, I reviewed the role of factorization in diffraction hard
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73403 </DOCNO>
On the measurement of leptonic CP violation


  We show that the simultaneous determination of the leptonic CP-odd phase
$\delta$ and the angle $\theta_{13}$ from the subleading transitions
$\nu_e\to\nu_\mu$ and ${\bar\nu}_e\to{\bar\nu}_\mu$ results generically, at
fixed neutrino energy and baseline, in two degenerate solutions. In light of
this, we refine a previous analysis of the sensitivity to leptonic CP violation
at a neutrino factory, in the LMA-MSW scenario, by exploring the full range of
$\delta$ and $\theta_{13}$.
  Furthermore, we take into account the expected uncertainties on the solar and
atmospheric oscillation parameters and in the average Earth matter density
along the neutrino path. An intermediate baseline of O(3000) km is still the
best option to tackle CP violation, although a combination of two baselines
turns out to be very important in resolving degeneracies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179119 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic consistency for nuclear matter calculations


  We investigate the relation between the binding energy and the Fermi energy
and between different expressions for the pressure in cold nuclear matter. For
a self-consistent calculation based on a $\Phi$ derivable $T-$matrix
approximation with off-shell propagators the thermodynamic relations are well
satisfied unlike for a $G-$matrix or a $T-$matrix approach using quasi-particle
propagators in the ladder diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126648 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field North Survey. VI. The Nature of the Optically


  We provide constraints on the nature of the optically faint (I>=24) X-ray
source population from a 1 Ms Chandra exposure of a 8.4x8.4 arcmin region
containing the Hubble Deep Field North. We detect 47 (2,400 deg^-2) optically
faint X-ray sources. The fraction of optically faint X-ray sources is
approximately constant (at approx 35%) for 0.5-8.0 keV fluxes from 3x10^-14 cgs
down to the X-ray flux limit. A considerable fraction (approx 30%) of the
sources are Very Red Objects (I-K>=4). Analysis of the optical and X-ray
properties suggests a large number of optically faint X-ray sources are likely
to host obscured AGN activity at z= 1-3. From these results we calculate that a
significant fraction (approx 5-45%) could be obscured QSOs at z<=3. Given the
number of X-ray sources without I-band counterparts, there are unlikely to be
more than approx 15 sources at z>6. We provide evidence that the true number of
z>6 sources is considerably lower. Nine optically faint X-ray sources have
micro-Jy radio counterparts; approx 53% of the optically faint micro-Jy radio
sources in this region. The most likely origin of the X-ray emission in these
X-ray detected, optically faint micro-Jy radio sources is obscured AGN
activity. However, two of these sources have been previously detected at
sub-millimeter wavelengths and the X-ray emission from these sources could be
due to luminous star formation activity. Assuming the SED of NGC 6240, we
estimate the 175 micron flux of a typical optically faint X-ray source to be
<10 mJy. As expected for sources with AGN activity, the two optically faint
X-ray sources within the most sensitive area of the ISOCAM region have faint
(approx 50 micro-Jy) 15 micron counterparts. (ABRIDGED).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4704 </DOCNO>
Critical Temperature Tc and Charging Energy Ec between B-B layers of


  The diboride materials MB2 (M = Mg, Be, Pb, etc.) are discussed on the basis
of the 3D Josephson junction array (JJA) model due to Kawabata-Shenoy-Bishop,
in terms of the B-B layers in the diborides analogous to the Cu-O ones in the
cuprates.
   We propose a possibility of superconducting materials with the MgB2-type
structure which exhibit higher critical temperature Tc over 39K of MgB2.
   We point out a role of interstitial ionic atoms (e.g., Mg in MgB2) as
capacitors between the B-B layers, which reduce the charging coupling energy in
JJA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168907 </DOCNO>
On singularities of the mixed state phase


  A recent proposal of Sjoqvist et.al. to extend Pancharatnam's criterion for
phase difference between two different pure states to the case of mixed states
in quantum mechanics is analyzed and the existence of phase singularities in
the parameter space of an interference experiment with particles in mixed
states pointed out. In the vicinity of such singular points the phase changes
sharply and precisely at these points it becomes undefined. A closed circuit in
the parameter space around such points results in a measurable phase shift
equal to 2n\pi, where n is an integer. Such effects have earlier been observed
in interference experiments with pure polarization states of light, a system
isomorphic to the spin-1/2 system in quantum mechanics. Implications of phase
singularities for the interpretation of experiments with partially polarized
and unpolarized neutrons are discussed. New kinds of topological phases
involving variables representing decoherence (depolarization) of pure states
are predicted and experiments to verify them suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168167 </DOCNO>
Control of Non-Resonant Effects in a Nuclear Spin Quantum Computer with


  We discuss how to simulate simple quantum logic operations with a large
number of qubits. These simulations are needed for experimental testing of
scalable solid-state quantum computers. Quantum logic for remote qubits is
simulated in a spin chain. Analytical estimates are presented for possible
correlated errors caused by non-resonant transitions. A range of parameters is
given in which non-resonant effects can be minimized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149756 </DOCNO>
Spinorial cohomology and maximally supersymmetric theories


  Fields in supersymmetric gauge theories may be seen as elements in a
spinorial cohomology. We elaborate on this subject, specialising to maximally
supersymmetric theories, where the superspace Bianchi identities, after
suitable conventional constraints are imposed, put the theories on shell. In
these cases, the spinorial cohomologies describe in a unified manner gauge
transformations, fields and possible deformations of the models, e.g.
string-related corrections in an alpha' expansion. Explicit cohomologies are
calculated for super-Yang-Mills theory in D=10, for the N=(2,0) tensor
multiplet in D=6 and for supergravity in D=11, in the latter case from the
point of view of both the super-vielbein and the super-3-form potential. The
techniques may shed light on some questions concerning the alpha'-corrected
effective theories, and result in better understanding of the role of the
3-form in D=11 supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128686 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observation of the Globular Cluster NGC 6440 and the Nature of


  As part of our campaign to determine the nature of the various source
populations of the low-luminosity globular cluster X-ray sources, we have
obtained a Chandra X-ray Observatory ACIS-S3 image of the globular cluster NGC
6440. We detect 24 sources to a limiting luminosity of ~2 times 10^31 erg/s
(0.5-2.5keV) inside the cluster's half-mass radius, all of which lie within ~2
core radii of the cluster center. We also find excess emission in and around
the core which could be due to unresolved point sources. Based upon X-ray
luminosities and colors, we conclude that there are 4-5 likely quiescent
low-mass X-ray binaries and that most of the other sources are cataclysmic
variables. We compare these results to Chandra results from other globular
clusters and find the X-ray luminosity functions differ among the clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128579 </DOCNO>
A search for new Galactic microquasars


  A complete sample of bright ROSAT sources with hard XRB-like spectra in the
Galactic Plane (|b| < 15 deg.) has been tentatively identified with radio
sources in the GB6/PMN/NVSS surveys, and subsequently observed with the
Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Very Large Array. Most of them are
unresolved at the sub-arcsec scale and have flat or inverted spectra. Precise
radio coordinates have made unambiguous optical identifications possible,
which, after the removal of galaxies, yielded a final list of 40 microquasar
candidates. They are successfully going through the moderate dispersion
spectroscopy by the 4-m telescope of the Anglo-Australian Observatory. Our goal
is to obtain evidence for a characteristic accreting behaviour and establish
binarity, thence permitting actual microquasar classification. VLBI
observations of the brightest candidates are also underway. We expect some of
these objects could be QSOs, or radio galaxies, or cataclysmic variables.
However, this would be a valuable by-product of the proposed program.
Photometry of these objects dedicated to find possible eclipses and, also,
characteristic accreting disc driven flares.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96836 </DOCNO>
Integrable spin Calogero-Moser systems


  We introduce spin Calogero-Moser systems associated with root systems of
simple Lie algebras and give the associated Lax representations (with spectral
parameter) and fundamental Poisson bracket relations. The associated integrable
models (called integrable spin Calogero-Moser systems in the paper) and their
Lax pairs are then obtained via Poisson reduction and gauge transformations.
For Lie algebras of $A_{n}$-type, this new class of integrable systems includes
the usual Calogero-Moser systems as subsystems. Our method is guided by a
general framework which we develop here using dynamical Lie algebroids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73914 </DOCNO>
Massless neutrino oscillations


  Quantum dynamical semigroups provide a general framework for studying the
evolution of open systems. Neutrino propagation both in vacuum and in matter
can be analyzed using these techniques: they allow a consistent treatment of
non-standard, dissipative effects that can alter the pattern of neutrino
oscillations. In particular, initially massless neutrinos can give rise to a
nonvanishing flavour transition probability, involving in addition the Majorana
CP-violating mixing phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7109 </DOCNO>
Comment on "The effect of the charge density of microemulsion droplets


  It is shown that the work by Farago and Gradzielski [J. Chem. Phys. 114,
10105 (2001)] is based on incorrect expressions for the scattering functions,
contains a number of other serious defects, and should be revised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96563 </DOCNO>
On log canonical thresholds, II


  We prove that the only accumulation points of the set $T_3$ of all
three-dimensional log canonical thresholds in the interval $[1/2,1]$ are
$1/2+1/n$, where $n\in\ZZ$, $n\ge 3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7487 </DOCNO>
Higher Order Evaluation of the Critical Temperature for Interacting


  We use the nonperturbative linear \delta expansion method to evaluate
analytically the coefficients c_1 and c_2^{\prime \prime} which appear in the
expansion for the transition temperature for a dilute, homogeneous, three
dimensional Bose gas given by T_c= T_0 \{1 + c_1 a n^{1/3} + [ c_2^{\prime}
\ln(a n^{1/3}) +c_2^{\prime \prime} ] a^2 n^{2/3} + {\cal O} (a^3 n)\}, where
T_0 is the result for an ideal gas, a is the s-wave scattering length and n is
the number density. In a previous work the same method has been used to
evaluate c_1 to order-\delta^2 with the result c_1= 3.06. Here, we push the
calculation to the next two orders obtaining c_1=2.45 at order-\delta^3 and
c_1=1.48 at order-\delta^4. Analysing the topology of the graphs involved we
discuss how our results relate to other nonperturbative analytical methods such
as the self-consistent resummation and the 1/N approximations. At the same
orders we obtain c_2^{\prime\prime}=101.4, c_2^{\prime \prime}=98.2 and
c_2^{\prime \prime}=82.9. Our analytical results seem to support the recent
Monte Carlo estimates c_1=1.32 \pm 0.02 and c_2^{\prime \prime}= 75.7 \pm 0.4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129630 </DOCNO>
On formation rate of close binaries consisting of a super-massive black


  The formation rate of a close binary consisting of a super-massive black hole
and a compact object (presumably a white dwarf) in galactic cusps is calculated
with help of the so-called loss cone approximation. For a power low cusp of
radius $r_{a}$, the black hole mass $M\sim 10^{6}M_{\odot}$, this rate $\dot
N_{wd}\sim 4\cdot 10^{-5}K(p}\sqrt{{GM\over r_{a}^{3}}}\approx 3\cdot
10^{-9}K(p){({M\over 10^{6}M_{\odot}})}^{1/2}{({r_{a}\over
1pc})}^{-3/2}yr^{-1}$. The function $K(p)$ depends on parameter $p$ determining
the cusp profile, and for the standard cusp profiles with $p=1/4$ $K(p)\sim 2$.
We estimate the probability ${\it Pr}$ of finding of a compact object orbiting
around a black hole with period $P$ in one particular galaxy to be ${\it
Pr}\sim 10^{-7}{({P/10^{3}s\over M/10^{6}M_{\odot}})}^{8/3}
{({M/10^{6}M_{\odot}\over r_{a}/ 1pc})}^{3/2}$. The object with the period
$P\sim 10^{3} s$ emits gravitational waves with amplitude sufficient to be
detected by LISA type gravitational wave anatenna from the distance $\sim
10^{3}Mpc$. Based on estimates of masses of super-massive black holes in nearby
galaxies, we speculate that LISA would detect several such events during its
mission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98387 </DOCNO>
Deformations of vector bundles on a neighborhood of a ruled surface


  Let S be a ruled surface inside a smooth 3-fold W. Choose a neighborhood V of
S in W and let S^ be the formal completion of S in V. Let E be a vector bundle
over S^. We show that (under suitable conditions) the local deformation space
of E is finite dimensional and smooth. Moreover, we show that E is a flat limit
of a flat family of vector bundles whose general element we describe
explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6845 </DOCNO>
Correlation functions for a Bose-Einstein condensate in the Bogoliubov


  In this article we introduce a differential equation for the first order
correlation function $G^{(1)}$ of a Bose-Einstein condensate at T=0. The
Bogoliubov approximation is used. Our approach points out directly the
dependence on the physical parameters. Furthermore it suggests a numerical
method to calculate $G^{(1)}$ without solving an eigenvector problem. The
$G^{(1)}$ equation is generalized to the case of non zero temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123643 </DOCNO>
Egret (GeV) Blazars


  The EGRET instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (1991-2000) has
positively detected high energy gamma-ray emission from more than 67 active
galaxies of the blazar class. The majority of the EGRET blazars are
flat-spectrum radio quasars, which are characterized by inferred isotropic
luminosities often as high as 3E49 ergs/s. The remainder are BL Lac objects,
some of which have been detected at TeV energies (> 250 GeV) by ground-based
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. One of the remarkable characteristics
observed in blazars is that the gamma-ray luminosity often dominates the
bolometric power in these sources. The detection of blazars by EGRET has
undoubtedly been one of the highlights of the mission, and has forever impacted
upon our understanding of the emission mechanisms in these objects. In this
article, we summarize the properties of EGRET blazars, and review the
constraints that the EGRET observations place on the various models of
gamma-ray production in these sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6742 </DOCNO>
Remarks on nonlinear Schroedinger equations with harmonic potential


  Bose-Einstein condensation is usually modeled by nonlinear Schroedinger
equations with harmonic potential. We study the Cauchy problem for these
equations. We show that the local problem can be treated as in the case with no
potential. For the global problem, we establish an evolution law, which is the
analogue of the pseudo-conformal conservation law for the nonlinear
Schroedinger equation. With this evolution law, we give wave collapse criteria,
as well as an upper bound for the blow up time. Taking the physical scales into
account, we finally give a lower bound for the blow up time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76030 </DOCNO>
Ultrahigh energy neutrinos, small x and unitarity


  The ultrahigh energy cross section for neutrino interactions with nucleons is
reviewed, and unitarity constraints are discussed. We argue that existing QCD
extrapolations are self-consistent, and do not imply a breakdown of the
perturbative expansion in the weak coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83698 </DOCNO>
Event Driven Computations for Relational Query Language


  This paper deals with an extended model of computations which uses the
parameterized families of entities for data objects and reflects a preliminary
outline of this problem. Some topics are selected out, briefly analyzed and
arranged to cover a general problem. The authors intended more to discuss the
particular topics, their interconnection and computational meaning as a panel
proposal, so that this paper is not yet to be evaluated as a closed journal
paper. To save space all the technical and implementation features are left for
the future paper.
  Data object is a schematic entity and modelled by the partial function. A
notion of type is extended by the variable domains which depend on events and
types. A variable domain is built from the potential and schematic individuals
and generates the valid families of types depending on a sequence of events.
Each valid type consists of the actual individuals which are actual relatively
the event or script. In case when a type depends on the script then
corresponding view for data objects is attached, otherwise a snapshot is
generated. The type thus determined gives an upper range for typed variables so
that the local ranges are event driven resulting is the families of actual
individuals. An expressive power of the query language is extended using the
extensional and intentional relations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128509 </DOCNO>
Probing the mass distribution in groups of galaxies using gravitational


  In this paper, we study gravitational lensing by groups of galaxies. Since
groups are abundant and therefore have a large covering fraction on the sky,
lensing by groups is likely to be very important observationally. Besides, it
has recently become clear that many lens models for strong lensing by
individual galaxies require external shear to reproduce the observed image
geometries; in many cases a nearby group is detected that could provide this
shear. In this work, we study the expected lensing behavior of galaxy groups in
both the weak and strong lensing regime. We examine the shear and magnification
produced by a group and its dependence on the detailed mass distribution within
the group. We find that the peak value of the weak lensing shear signal is of
the order of 3 per cent and varies by a factor of about 2 for different mass
distributions. These variations are large enough to be detectable in the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). In the strong lensing regime we find that the image
geometries and typical magnifications are sensitive to the group properties and
that groups can easily provide enough external shear to produce quadruple
images. We investigate the statistical properties of lensing galaxies that are
near or part of a group and find that statistical lens properties, like the
distribution of time delays, are affected measurably by the presence of the
group which can therefore introduce an additional systematic error in the
measurement of the Hubble constant from such systems. We conclude that both the
detection of weak lensing by groups and accurate observations of strong galaxy
lens systems near groups could provide important information on the total mass
and matter distribution within galaxy groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98033 </DOCNO>
On the quasi-exponent of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras


  Recall (math.QA/9812151) that the exponent of a finite-dimensional complex
Hopf algebra H is the order of the Drinfeld element u of the Drinfeld double
D(H) of H. Recall also that while this order may be infinite, the eigenvalues
of u are always roots of unity (math.QA/9812151, Theorem 4.8); i.e., some power
of u is always unipotent. We are thus naturally led to define the
quasi-exponent of a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra H to be the order of
unipotency of u.
  The goal of the paper is to create a theory of quasi-exponent, which would be
parallel to the theory of the exponent developed in math.QA/9812151. In
particular, we give two other equivalent definitions of the quasi-exponent, and
prove that it is invariant under twisting. Furthermore, we prove that the
quasi-exponent of a finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebra H is equal to the
exponent of the group G(H) of grouplike elements of H. (In particular, the
order of the squared antipode of H divides exp(G(H)).) As an application, we
find that if H is obtained by twisting the quantum group at root of unity
U_q(g) then the order of any grouplike element in H divides the order of q.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126891 </DOCNO>
GRB Phenomenology, Shock Dynamo, and the First Magnetic Fields


  A relativistic collisionless shock propagating into an unmagnetized medium
leaves behind a strong large-scale magnetic field. This seems to follow from
two assumptions: (i) GRB afterglows are explained by synchrotron emission of a
relativistic shock, (ii) magnetic field can't exist on microscopic scales only,
it would decay by phase space mixing. Assumption (i) is generally accepted
because of an apparent success of the shock synchrotron phenomenological model
of GRB afterglow. Assumption (ii) is confirmed in this work by a
low-dimensional numerical simulation. One may hypothesize that relativistic
shock velocities are not essential for the magnetic field generation, and that
all collisionless shocks propagating into an unmagnetized medium generate
strong large-scale magnetic fields. If this hypothesis is true, the first
cosmical magnetic fields could have been generated in shocks of the first
virialized objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97483 </DOCNO>
On the Structure of Physical Measures in Gauge Theories


  It is indicated that the definition of physical measures via ``exponential of
minus the action times kinematical measure'' contradicts properties of certain
physical models. In particular, theories describing confinement typically
cannot be gained this way. The results are rigorous within the Ashtekar
approach to gauge field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168312 </DOCNO>
Detecting the inseparability and distillability of continuous variable


  The partial transposition(PT) operation is an effecient tool in detecting the
inseparability of a mixed state. We give an explicit formula for the PT
operation for the continuous variable states in Fock space. We then give the
necessary and sufficient condition for the positivity of Gaussian operators.
Based on this, a number of creterions on the inseparability and distillability
for the multimode Gaussian states are naturally drawn. We finally give an
explicit formula for the state in a subspace of a global Gaussian state. This
formula, together with the known results for Gaussian states, gives the
criterions for the inseparability and distillability in a subspace of the
global Gaussian state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98664 </DOCNO>
The structure of 3-manifolds with 2-generated fundamental group


  We prove a structure theorem for 3-manifolds with non-trivial
JSJ-decomposition and 2-generated fundamental group. We deduce a variety of
Corollaries. Note this is not a complete classification of such manifolds.
  In particular we believe that one of the families in our list is empty. If
you know something about hyperbolic 2-bridge knot exteriors and their finite
sheeted covering spaces you might want to finish this off. Thanks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74100 </DOCNO>
The S Wave Pion Deuteron Scattering Length in Effective Field Theory


  The S wave pion deuteron scattering length is presented at NLO in the
Effective Field Theory formulation of the two nucleon system with perturbative
pions. At this order, this observable is determined by the iso-scalar S wave
pion nucleon scattering length a^+, by pion re-scattering contributions inside
the deuteron and by two nucleon two pion contact interactions that involve two
unknown parameters which renormalise the appearing divergences. By choosing
their values accordingly and in agreement with their natural sizes predicted by
the power counting, we are able to accommodate the available experimental data.
However, a^+ cannot be determined from pion deuteron scattering directly. An
ongoing experiment at PSI aiming to reduce the error bars by an order of
magnitude will make it possible to pin down the size of these counter terms
more accurately. We compare our findings to an approach in which pions are
treated non-perturbatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123612 </DOCNO>
Concluding Perspective


  This contribution to the concluding session at IAU Symposium 205 offered
comments on some current controversies, including the scientific status of the
''multiverse'' concept and on the prospects for cosmology in the coming decade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98852 </DOCNO>
Bayesian Estimation of Time Series Lags and Structure


  This paper derives practical algorithms, based on Bayesian inference methods,
for several data analysis problems common in time series analysis of
astronomical and other data. One problem is the determination of the lag
between two time series, for which the cross-correlation function is a
sufficient statistic. The second problem is the estimation of structure in a
time series of measurements which are a weighted integral over a finite range
of the independent variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41125 </DOCNO>
On the neutral Higgs boson masses in the MSSM for arbitrary stop mixing


  We compute the O(alpha_t alpha_s) two-loop corrections to the neutral Higgs
boson masses in the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. An
appropriate use of the effective potential allows us to obtain simple
analytical formulae, valid for arbitrary values of mA and of the mass
parameters in the stop sector. We elucidate some subtleties of the effective
potential calculation, and find full agreement with the numerical output of the
existing diagrammatic calculation. We discuss in detail the limit of heavy
gluino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179323 </DOCNO>
Spin structure of the Delta(1232) and inelastic Compton scattering


  Radiative transitions gamma + Delta(1232) -> N^* are discussed in the
nonrelativistic quark model with spin-orbit corrections for the 70-plet L^P=1^-
nucleon resonances N^*. The reaction gamma + N -> gamma + Delta is considered
as a tool to measure some of these transitions. A particular sensitivity to
photoexcitations of S_{11}(1535), D_{13}(1700), and D_{15}(1675) is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81151 </DOCNO>
Gauge fixed domain wall fermions on lattice at small Yukawa coupling


  Gauge fixed domain wall fermions are investigated in the reduced model at
small Yukawa couplings. We present chiral propagators at the waveguide
boundaries using quenched numerical simulations and analytic methods. There is
no evidence of mirror chiral modes at the waveguide boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81111 </DOCNO>
Direct Improvement of Hamiltonian Lattice Gauge Theory


  We demonstrate that a direct approach to improving Hamiltonian lattice gauge
theory is possible. Our approach is to correct errors in the Kogut-Susskind
Hamiltonian by incorporating additional gauge invariant terms. The coefficients
of these terms are chosen so that the order $a^2$ classical errors vanish. We
conclude with a brief discussion of tadpole improvement in Hamiltonian lattice
gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41806 </DOCNO>
Production of Ds** mesons in hadronic Z decays


  The production rates of the orbitally excited Ds** mesons, Ds1 and Ds2*, are
measured with the 4.1 million hadronic Z decays recorded by the ALEPH detector
during 1991--1995. The Ds** mesons are reconstructed in the decay modes Ds1+ ->
D*+ K0, Ds1+ -> D*0 K+ and Ds2*+ -> D0 K+. The production rate of the Ds1 is
measured to be n(Z->Ds1+-)=(0.52+-0.09+-0.06)%, under the assumption that the
two considered decay modes of the Ds1 saturate the branching ratio. The
production rate of the Ds2* is determined to be
n(Z->Ds2*+-)=(0.83+-0.29+0.07-0.13)%, assuming that the branching fraction of
the decay Ds2*+ -> D0 K+ is 45%. The production rates in Z->cc and Z->bbar
decays are measured separately

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125417 </DOCNO>
On the helium flash in low-mass Population III Red Giant stars


  We investigate the evolution of initially metal-free, low-mass Red Giant
stars through the He core flash at the tip of the Red Giant Branch. The low
entropy barrier between the helium- and hydrogen-rich layers enables a
penetration of the helium flash driven convective zone into the inner tail of
the extinguishing H-burning shell. As a consequence, protons are mixed into
high-temperature regions triggering a H-burning runaway. The subsequent
dredge-up of matter processed by He and H burning enriches the stellar surface
with large amounts of helium, carbon and nitrogen. Extending previous results
by Hollowell et al. (1990) and Fujimoto et al. (2000), who claimed that the
H-burning runaway is an intrinsic property of extremely metal-poor low-mass
stars, we found that its occurrence depends on additional parameters like the
initial composition and the treatment of various physical processes.
  We perform some comparisons between predicted surface chemical abundances and
observational measurements for extremely metal-deficient stars. As in previous
investigations, our results disclose that although the described scenario
provides a good qualitative agreement with observations, considerable
discrepancies still remain. They may be due to a more complex evolutionary path
of `real' stars, and/or some shortcomings in current evolutionary models.
  In addition, we analyze the evolutionary properties after the He core flash,
during both the central and shell He-burning phases, allowing us to deduce some
interesting differences between models whose Red Giant Branch progenitor has
experienced the H-flash and canonical models. In particular, the Asymptotic
Giant Branch evolution of extremely metal-deficient stars and the occurrence of
thermal pulses are strongly affected by the previous RGB evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99146 </DOCNO>
A variational proof for the existence of a conformal metric with


  Given an smooth function $K <0$ we prove a result by Berger, Kazhdan and
others that in every conformal class there exists a metric which attains this
function as its Gaussian curvature for a compact Riemann surface of genus
$g>1$. We do so by minimizing an appropriate functional using elementary
analysis. In particular for $K$ a negative constant, this provides an
elementary proof of the uniformization theorem for compact Riemann surfaces of
genus $g >1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125777 </DOCNO>
The problem of the Pleiades distance. Constraints from Stromgren


  The discrepancy between the Pleiades cluster distance based on Hipparcos
parallaxes and main sequence fitting is investigated on the basis of Stromgren
photometry of F-type stars. Field stars with the same metallicity as the
Pleiades have been selected from the m1 index and a technique has been
developed to locate the ZAMS of these field stars in color-magnitude diagrams
based on the color/temperature indices b-y, v-y, and beta. Fitting the Pleiades
to these ZAMS relations results in a distance modulus of 5.61+/-0.03 mag in
contrast to the Hipparcos modulus of 5.36+/-0.06 mag. Hence, we cannot confirm
the recent claim by Grenon (1999) that the distance problem is solved by
adopting a low metallicity of the Pleiades ([Fe/H]=-0.11) as determined from
Geneva photometry. The metallicity sensitivity of the ZAMS determined by the
field stars is investigated, and by combining this sensitivity in all three
color/temperature indices b-y, v-y, and beta we get a independent test of the
Pleiades distance modulus which support our value of 5.61 mag. Furthermore, the
field star sample used for the comparison is tested against theoretical
isochrones of different ages to show that evolutionary effects in the field
star sample are not biasing our distance modulus estimate significantly.
Possible explanations of the Pleiades distance problem are discussed and it is
suggested that the discrepancy in the derived moduli may be linked to a
non-spherical shape of the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74843 </DOCNO>
GUT Breaking on $M^4 \times T^2/(Z_2 \times Z_2^{\prime})$


  We construct two SU(5) models on the space-time $M^4 \times T^2/(Z_2 \times
Z_2^{\prime})$ where the gauge and Higgs fields are in the bulk and the
Standard Model fermions are on the brane at the fixed point or line. For the
zero modes, the SU(5) gauge symmetry is broken down to $SU(3) \times SU(2)
\times U(1) $ due to non-trivil orbifold projection. In particular, if we put
the Standard Model fermions on the 3-brane at the fixed point in Model II, we
only have the zero modes and KK modes of the Standard Model gauge fields and
two Higgs doublets on the observable 3-brane.
  So, we can have the low energy unification, and solve the triplet-doublet
splitting problem, the gauge hierarchy problem, and the proton decay problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72692 </DOCNO>
Relativistic instant-form approach to the structure of two-body


  A new approach to the electroweak properties of two-particle composite
systems is developed. The approach is based on the use of the instant form of
relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics. The main novel feature of this approach is
the new method of construction of the matrix element of the electroweak current
operator. The electroweak current matrix element satisfies the relativistic
covariance conditions and in the case of the electromagnetic current also the
conservation law automatically. The properties of the system as well as the
approximations are formulated in terms of form factors. The approach makes it
possible to formulate relativistic impulse approximation in such a way that the
Lorentz-covariance of the current is ensured. In the electromagnetic case the
current conservation law is ensured, too. The results of the calculations are
unambiguous: they do not depend on the choice of the coordinate frame and on
the choice of "good" components of the current as it takes place in the
standard form of light--front dynamics. Our approach gives good results for the
pion electromagnetic form factor in the whole range of momentum transfers
available for experiments at present time, as well as for lepton decay constant
of pion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150112 </DOCNO>
Ghost Structure and Closed Strings in Vacuum String Field Theory


  We complete the construction of vacuum string field theory by proposing a
canonical choice of ghost kinetic term -- a local insertion of the ghost field
at the string midpoint with an infinite normalization. This choice, supported
by level expansion studies in the Siegel gauge, allows a simple analytic
treatment of the ghost sector of the string field equations. As a result,
solutions are just projectors, such as the sliver, of an auxiliary CFT built by
combining the matter part with a twisted version of the ghost conformal theory.
Level expansion experiments lead to surprising new projectors -- butterfly
surface states, whose analytical expressions are obtained. With the help of a
suitable open-closed string vertex we define open-string gauge invariant
operators parametrized by on-shell closed string states. We use regulated
vacuum string field theory to sketch how pure closed string amplitudes on
surfaces without boundaries arise as correlators of such gauge invariant
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73563 </DOCNO>
Moments of the Proton F2 Structure Function at Low Q2


  The Q^2 dependence of inclusive electron-proton scattering F_2 structure
function data in both the nucleon resonance region and the deep inelastic
region, at momentum transfers below 5 (GeV/c)^2, is investigated. Moments of
F_2 are constructed, down to momentum transfers of Q^2 ~ 0.1 (GeV/c)^2. The
second moment is only slowly varying with Q^2 down to Q^2 ~ 1 (GeV/c)^2, which
is a reflection of duality. Below Q^2 of 1 (GeV/c)^2, the Q^2 dependence of the
moments is predominantly governed by the elastic contribution, whereas the
inelastic channels still seem governed by local duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168226 </DOCNO>
Observables in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics


  We propose a quantum clock synchronization protocol in which Bob makes a
remote measurement on Alice's quantum clock via a third qubit acting as its
proxy. It is shown that the resulting correlations are dependent on the choice
of the hypersurface along which Bob's measurement of the proxy is deemed to
collapse the entangled state vector. A proper characterization of observables
in relativistic quantum mechanics is therefore constrained by relativistic
covariance as well as causality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97418 </DOCNO>
Permutations avoiding a pair of generalized patterns of the form x-yz or


  In \cite{BaSt00} Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized
permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a
pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. Claesson \cite{Cl01} presented a
complete solution for the number of permutations avoiding any single
(generalized) pattern of the form x-yz or xy-z with $xyz\in\sym_3$. For eight
of these twelve patterns the answer is given by the Bell numbers. For the
remaining four the answer is given by the Catalan numbers. In the present paper
we give a complete solution for the number of permutations avoiding a pair of
patterns of the form x-yz or xy-z. We also conjecture the number of
permutations avoiding the patterns in any set of three or more patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3367 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous thermal expansion of nematic elastomers


  We study the monodomain (single-crystal) nematic elastomer materials, all
side-chain siloxane polymers with the same mesogenic groups and crosslinking
density, but differing in the type of crosslinking. Increasing the proportion
of long di-functional segments of main-chain nematic polymer, acting as network
crosslinking, results in dramatic changes in the uniaxial equilibrium thermal
expansion on cooling from isotropic phase. At higher concentration of main
chains their behaviour dominates the elastomer properties. At low concentration
of main-chain material, we detect two distinct transitions at different
temperatures, one attributed to the main-chain, the other to the side-chain
component. The effective uniaxial anisotropy of nematic rubber, r(T)
proportional to the effective nematic order parameter Q(T), is given by the
average of the two components and thus reflects the two-transition nature of
thermal expansion. The experimental data is compared with the theoretical model
of ideal nematic elastomers; applications in high-amplitude thermal actuators
are discussed in the end.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40822 </DOCNO>
Investigations of fast neutron production by 190 GeV/c muon interactions


  The production of fast neutrons (1 MeV - 1 GeV) in high energy muon-nucleus
interactions is poorly understood, yet it is fundamental to the understanding
of the background in many underground experiments. The aim of the present
experiment (CERN NA55) was to measure spallation neutrons produced by 190 GeV/c
muons scattering on carbon, copper and lead targets. We have investigated the
energy spectrum and angular distribution of spallation neutrons, and we report
the result of our measurement of the neutron production differential cross
section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41848 </DOCNO>
The cosmic evolution of vacuum and physical laws


  In the vacuum universe model, physical laws come from the cosmic evolution of
vacuum in four stages: the pre-universe vacuum, the void space, the adjacent
vacuum, and the empty space. The pre-universe is a vacuum consisting of
positive energy and negative energies that allow the vacuum fluctuation for
supermembrances. The void space is evolved from the bulk space in the
pre-inflationary universe that is a special vacuum fluctuation consisting of
the two positive energy boundary 9-branes separated by the gap (bulk space)
with the negative energy pre-gravity. The void space does not have vacuum
fluctuation. The void space brings about the collapse of the pre-inflationary
universe. The collapse coalesces the two boundary 9-branes and the void space
into the mixed 9-branes that absorb the void space. When the absorbed void
space is emitted, it becomes the adjacent vacuum as the added space, which
brings about the inflation as the bounce after the collapse. When the
superluminal inflation causes the rupture of space, the empty space is evolved
as the gap among branes. The emergence of the empty space brings about the big
bang, cosmic radiation, observable elementary particles, all force fields, and
quantum mechanics. The periodic table of elementary particles is constructed to
account for all elementary particles and their masses in a good agreement with
the observed values. The cosmic evolution of vacuum involves a cyclic universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179446 </DOCNO>
Diomega production in relativistic heavy ion collisions


  Using a multiphase transport model, we study the production of a new strange
dibaryon (\Omega\Omega)_{0+} in dense hadronic matter formed in relativistic
heavy ion collisions. The (multi-)strange baryons (\Xi and \Omega) are produced
by strangeness-exchange reactions between antikaons and hyperons in the pure
hadronic phase. The rescattering between the omegas at midrapidity leads to a
production probability of \simeq 3x10^{-7} (\Omega\Omega)_{0+} per event at the
RHIC energy of \sqrt s=130A GeV. The production probability would be enhanced
by two orders of magnitude if (\Omega\Omega)_{0+} and omega reach chemical
equilibrium during heavy ion collisions. We further find that the yield of
(\Omega\Omega)_{0+} increases continuously from SPS to the highest RHIC energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 206 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on "Stripe glasses: self generated randomness in a


  Using our previous results for the configurational entropy of a stripe glass
as well as a variational result for the bare surface tension of entropic
droplets we show that there is no disagreement between the numerical
simulations of Grousson et al. and our theory. The claim that our theory
disagrees with numerical simulations is based on the assumption that the
surface tension is independent of the frustration parameter Q of the model.
However, we show in this Reply that it varies strongly with Q and that the
resulting Q-dependence of the kinetic fragility agrees with the one obtained by
Grousson et al. We believe that this answers the questions raised in the
Comment by Grousson et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148778 </DOCNO>
Quantum Corrections in p-adic String Theory


  We compute loop corrections in p-adic open string field theory. We argue that
quantum effects induce a pole with m^2 ~ - ln g for the open string field at
the locally stable vacuum. We also compute the one loop effective potential and
show that the potential develops an imaginary piece when the field becomes
tachyonic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5266 </DOCNO>
Thermal effects on atomic friction


  We model friction acting on the tip of an atomic force microscope as it is
dragged across a surface at non-zero temperatures. We find that stick-slip
motion occurs and that the average frictional force follows $|\ln v|^{2/3}$,
where $v$ is the tip velocity. This compares well to recent experimental work
(Gnecco et al, PRL 84, 1172), permitting the quantitative extraction of all
microscopic parameters. We calculate the scaled form of the average frictional
force's dependence on both temperature and tip speed as well as the form of the
friction-force distribution function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97217 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative line bundle and Morita equivalence


  Global properties of abelian noncommutative gauge theories based on
$\star$-products which are deformation quantizations of arbitrary Poisson
structures are studied. The consistency condition for finite noncommutative
gauge transformations and its explicit solution in the abelian case are given.
It is shown that the local existence of invertible covariantizing maps (which
are closely related to the Seiberg-Witten map) leads naturally to the notion of
a noncommutative line bundle with noncommutative transition functions. We
introduce the space of sections of such a line bundle and explicitly show that
it is a projective module. The local covariantizing maps define a new star
product $\star'$ which is shown to be Morita equivalent to $\star$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72963 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Higgs Boson Mass and Width Determination of the LHC and a


  Two important properties of a Higgs boson are its mass and width. They may
distinguish the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson from Higgs bosons of extended
models. We show results from a direct mass and width reconstruction for a Higgs
boson mass range from 120 to 340 GeV. The mass and width have been
reconstructed from the H --> ZZstar --> mu+mu-mu+mu- reaction in an LHC
simulation of the CMS detector. The determined mass accuracy has been compared
with that obtained from studies for a linear collider (LC). The mass precision
from the latter studies is derived by scaling previous LC simulation results
according to the expected event rates. For the Higgs boson width we compare a
direct determination with indirect methods and find good complementarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73179 </DOCNO>
Unscrambling New Models for Higher-Energy Physics


  There is strong evidence that new physical degrees of freedom and new
phenomena exist and may be revealed in future collider experiments. The best
hints of what this new physics might be are provided by electroweak symmetry
breaking. I briefly review certain theories for physics beyond the standard
model, including the top-quark seesaw model and universal extra dimensions. A
common feature of these models is the presence of vector-like quarks at the TeV
scale. Then I discuss the role of a linear $e^+e^-$ collider in disentangling
this new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6852 </DOCNO>
Transition in the Fractal Properties from Diffusion Limited Aggregation


  We study the fractal and multifractal properties (i.e. the generalized
dimensions of the harmonic measure) of a 2-parameter family of growth patterns
that result from a growth model that interpolates between Diffusion Limited
Aggregation (DLA) and Laplacian Growth Patterns in 2-dimensions. The two
parameters are \beta which determines the size of particles accreted to the
interface, and C which measures the degree of coverage of the interface by each
layer accreted to the growth pattern at every growth step. DLA and Laplacian
Growth are obtained at \beta=0, C=0 and \beta=2, C=1, respectively. The main
purpose of this paper is to show that there exists a line in the \beta-C phase
diagram that separates fractal (D<2) from non-fractal (D=2) growth patterns.
Moreover, Laplacian Growth is argued to lie in the non-fractal part of the
phase diagram. Some of our arguments are not rigorous, but together with the
numerics they indicate this result rather strongly. We first consider the
family of models obtained for \beta=0, C>0, and derive for them a scaling
relation D=2 * D_3. We then propose that this family has growth patterns for
which D=2 for some C>C_{cr}, where C_{cr} may be zero. Next we consider the
whole \beta-C phase diagram and define a line that separates 2-dimensional
growth patterns from fractal patterns with D<2. We explain that Laplacian
Growth lies in the region belonging to 2-dimensional growth patterns,
motivating the main conjecture of this paper, i.e. that Laplacian Growth
patterns are 2-dimensional. The meaning of this result is that the branches of
Laplacian Growth patterns have finite (and growing) area on scales much larger
than any ultra-violet cut-off length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148230 </DOCNO>
Noncompact Gepner Models with Discrete Spectra


  We investigate a noncompact Gepner model, which is composed of a number of
SL(2,R)/U(1) Kazama-Suzuki models and N=2 minimal models. The SL(2,R)/U(1)
Kazama-Suzuki model contains the discrete series among the SL(2,R) unitary
representations as well as the continuous series. We claim that the discrete
series contain the vanishing cohomology and the vanishing cycles of the
associated noncompact Calabi-Yau manifold. We calculate the Elliptic genus and
the open string Witten indices. In the A_{N-1} ALE models, they actually agree
with the vanishing cohomology and the intersection form of the vanishing
cycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114156 </DOCNO>
About linear threshold of instability Of faraday waves in fluid covered


  The solution was found from Navier-Stokes equation and boundary conditions
with interfacial tension as function of the film substance concentration. Here
the method of Chen&Vinals is used. It was found that adding to coefficient
leads to growth of critical value of the driving acceleration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127475 </DOCNO>
A close look into an intermediate redshift galaxy using STIS


  We present a detailed view of a galaxy at z=0.4 which is part of a large
database of intermediate redshifts using high resolution images. We used the
STIS parallel images and spectra to identify the object and obtain the
redshift. The high resolution STIS image (0.05'') enabled us to analyse the
internal structures of this galaxy. A bar along the major axis and hot-spots of
star formation separated by 0.37'' (1.6 kpc) are found along the inner region
of the galaxy. The analysis of the morphology of faint galaxies like this one
is an important step towards estimating the epoch of formation of the Hubble
classification sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73341 </DOCNO>
Covariant approach to equilibration in effective field theories


  The equilibration of two coupled reservoirs is studied using a Green function
approach which is suitable for future development with the closed time path
method. The problem is solved in two parameterizations, in order to demonstrate
the non-trivial issues of parameterization in both the intermediate steps and
the interpretation of physical quantities. We use a covariant approach to find
self-consistent solutions for the statistical distributions as functions of
time. We show that by formally introducing covariant connections, one can
rescale a slowly varying non-equilibrium theory so that it appears to be an
equilibrium one, for the purposes of calculation. We emphasize the importance
of properly tracking variable redefinitions in order to correctly interpret
physical quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40751 </DOCNO>
Light Charged Higgs Boson and Supersymmetry


  A possible discovery of a relatively light charged Higgs boson H^+ in near
future experiments, with a mass M_{H+} ~< 110 GeV, together with the present
LEP2 direct limits on the chargino and neutral Higgs sectors, would disfavour
the minimal supersymmetric standard model as well as its frequently discussed
next-to-minimal supersymmetric extension. We show that a supersymmetric origin
can naturally be ascribed to the existence of such a light charged Higgs scalar
within the context of the recently introduced minimal nonminimal supersymmetric
standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 976 </DOCNO>
Quantum computing in a Spin ordered phase


  We show that quantum computation can be performed in a system at thermal
equilibrium if a spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs. The computing process is
associated to the time evolution of the statistical average of the qubit
coherence operator. This average defines logical states which evolve under the
action of impulsive gate perturbations. Non trivial quantum coherence
properties appear in the ordered phase characterized by a spontaneous symmetry
breaking. Qubits are associated to spins and interaction with the lattice
vibrations is approximated by an effective spin-spin interaction. A finite
decoherence time is obtained only if spin correlations are taken into account
in the framework of the Ising model as corrections to the Mean Field
approximation. Decoherence is slowed down as the order parameter saturates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72383 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the quark-gluon and hadronic fluid with the compressible


  The evolution of matter produced in nucleus collisions is investigated in the
frame work of the simplified fluid equation, where the compressible bag model
is used as the equation of state for hadrons. It is shown that the quark-gluon
phase is easily achieved in RHIC experiments, and that the typical structure of
the phase transition, however, may be difficult to observe in simple analyses
of $<p_t>$ data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127031 </DOCNO>
Molecular Gas Properties in the Central Kiloparsec of Barred and


  We study the molecular gas properties in the central kiloparsec of 29 barred
and 15 unbarred spirals from the BIMA Survey of Nearby Galaxies (SONG). We find
that the mean nuclear molecular gas surface density of barred spirals
(<Sigma_{nuc}>=309 +/- 71 Msun pc^{-2}) is three times higher than that of
unbarred spirals (<Sigma_{nuc}>=107 +/- 29 Msun pc^{-2}). Nine out of the
eleven bars with Sigma_{nuc} > 300 Msun pc^{-2} are early types. Comparison
with estimates of the star formation threshold density (Sigma_{crit}) indicates
that enhanced star formation in bars may be due to a larger fraction having
Sigma_{nuc} > typical Sigma_{crit}. We also find that barred spirals are more
centrally concentrated than unbarred spirals. The median value of the
concentration parameter for barred spirals
(f_{con}=Sigma_{nuc}/Sigma_{disk}=27.7) is a factor of four higher than that
for the unbarred spirals (f_{con}=6.2). Finally we investigate the dependence
of the central concentration on bar properties and find it may be weakly
correlated with the bulge size, but is not correlated with the bar length. This
suggests that inner Lindblad resonances, bar ellipticity and circumnuclear star
formation play important roles in determining the gas accretion in the central
kiloparsec.
  See http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~kartik/thesis.html for more detailed
description of these thesis results. This research was made possible with
funding from NSF grants AST-9981308, AST-9981289 and AST-9981546.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125888 </DOCNO>
The Development of Coplanar CZT Detectors for Gamma-Ray Astronomy


  The development of CdZnTe detectors with an orthogpnal coplanar anode
structure has important implications for future astrophysical instrumentation.
As electron-only devices, like pixel detectors, coplanar anode strip detectors
can be fabricated in the thickness required to be effective for photons with
energies in excess of 500 keV. Unlike conventional double-sided strip
detectors, the coplanar anode strip detectors require segmented contacts and
signal processing electronics on only one surface. This facilitates the
fabrication of closely-packed large area arrays that will be required for the
next generation of coded aperture imagers. These detectors provide both very
good energy resolution and sub-millimeter spatial resolution (in all three
spatial dimensions) with far fewer electronic channels than are required for
pixel detectors. Here we summarize results obtained from prototype detectors
having a thickness of 5 mm and outline a concept for large area applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6097 </DOCNO>
Dynamical structure factors of the magnetization-plateau state in the


  We calculate the dynamical structure factors of the magnetization-plateau
state in the $S=1/2$ bond-alternating spin chain with a next-nearest-neighbor
interaction. The results show characteristic behaviors depending on the
next-nearest-neighbor interaction $\alpha$ and the bond-alternation $\delta$.
We discuss the lower excited states in comparison with the exact excitation
spectrums of an effective Hamiltonian. From the finite size effects,
characteristics of the lowest excited states are investigated. The
dispersionless mode of the lowest excitation appears in adequate sets of
$\alpha$ and $\delta$, indicating that the lowest excitation is localized
spatially and forms an isolated mode below the excitation continuum. We further
calculate the static structure factors. The largest intensity is located at
$q=\pi$ for small $\delta$ in fixed $\alpha$. With increasing $\delta$, the
wavenumber of the largest intensity shifts towards $q=\pi/2$, taking the
incommensurate value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150078 </DOCNO>
Field Theory Operator Encoding in N=2 Geometries


  We investigate supergravity solutions describing D5 branes wrapped on a two
cycle which are dual to N=2 super Yang Mills theory. Brane probing these
solutions allows the moduli space of the field theory to be identified. There
are a unique set of coordinates in which the field theory on the probe takes an
N=2 form and in these coordinates the running coupling of the gauge theory may
be identified. We show that the geometry, when restricted to the moduli space,
takes a very simple form involving only two functions. One is the running gauge
coupling whilst the other parametrizes the scalar operators of the field
theory. The D5 brane distributions, for the full set of solutions in the
literature,can be determined by assuming the field theory's form for the
running coupling as a function of scalar vevs. We show that the resulting
distributions also correctly reproduce the scalar operators parametrized
elsewhere providing the first non-trivial consistency check on the duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76336 </DOCNO>
Size of the neutralino--nucleon cross--section in the light of a new


  We discuss the implications of a new determination of the pion-nucleon sigma
term for the evaluation of the neutralino-nucleon cross-section, and, in turn,
for detection rates for relic neutralinos in WIMP direct experiments and in
some of the indirect searches. It is shown that the new range for the
pion-nucleon sigma term, taken at its face value, favours values of the
neutralino-nucleon cross-sections which are sizeably larger than some of the
current estimates. Implications for neutralino cosmological properties are
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174789 </DOCNO>
Proton Differential Elliptic Flow and the Isospin-Dependence of the


  Within an isospin-dependent transport model for nuclear reactions involving
neutron-rich nuclei, we study the first-order direct transverse flow of protons
and their second-order differential elliptic flow as a function of transverse
momentum. It is found that the differential elliptic flow of mid-rapidity
protons, especially at high transverse momenta, is much more sensitive to the
isospin dependence of the nuclear equation of state than the direct flow.
Origins of these different sensitivities and their implications to the
experimental determination of the isospin dependence of the nuclear equation of
state by using neutron-rich heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124088 </DOCNO>
INTEGRAL observations of Galaxy Clusters


  Cluster of galaxies are the largest concentrations of visible mass in the
Universe and therefore a fundamental topic of cosmology and astrophysics.
Recent radio, EUV, and X-ray observations suggest that clusters contain large
populations of diffuse nonthermal relativistic and/or superthermal particles.
These particles may be produced by acceleration in cluster merger shocks, AGNs,
and/or supernovae in cluster galaxies. Models for the nonthermal populations in
clusters indicate that they should produce substantial hard X-ray and $\gamma$
luminosities. The possible role of nonthermal particles in the dynamics of
clusters is one of the greatest uncertainties in their use as cosmological
probes. INTEGRAL offers, for the first time, the possibility of simultaneous
medium resolution imaging (~ 12 arcmin) and high resolution spectroscopy
(DeltaE/E ~ 2 keV @ 1.3 MeV) with exceptional sensitivity in the hard
X-ray/soft gamma-ray band. The spatial resolution will allow discrete sources,
such as AGNs, to be separated from the diffuse emission of the cluster. For
nearby clusters, the spatial distribution of emission can be determined and
compared to models for the nonthermal particle populations and observations in
other wavebands. The spectral capabilities may allow different components of
the nonthermal population to be detected separately. We present simulations of
INTEGRAL observations of nearby galaxy clusters that show its capability for
detecting the different phenomena responsible of clusters emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96040 </DOCNO>
Lower bounds for the total stopping time of 3X+1 iterates


  The 3X+1 function T(n) is (3n+1)/2 if n is odd and n/2 if n is even. The
total stopping time \sigma_\infty (n) for a positive integer n is the number of
iterations of the 3x+1 function to reach 1 starting from n, and is \infty if 1
is never reached. The 3x+1 conjecture states that this function is finite. We
show that infinitely many n have a finite total stopping time with
\sigma_\infty(n) > 6.14316 log n. The proof uses a very large computation. It
is believed that almost all positive integers have \sigma_\infty (n) > 6.95212
\log n. The method of the paper should extend to prove infinitely many integers
have this property, but it would require a much larger computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76544 </DOCNO>
Asymmetric Bose-Einstein effect


  Recent results on modelling Bose-Einstein effect in Monte Carlo generators
for a source with no spherical symmetry (as seen in the data on $Z^0$ hadronic
decays) are reported. Modifications of the weight method necessary for $W^+W^-$
decays are presented and some preliminary results concerning the "inter-$W$"
interference effects are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168855 </DOCNO>
Dynamics with unitary phase operator:implications for Wigner's problem


  We show that for general deformations of SU(2) algebra, the dynamics in terms
of ladder operators is preserved. This is done for a system of precessing
magnetic dipole in magnetic field, using the unitary phase operator which
arises in the polar decomposition of SU(2) operators. It is pointed out that
there is a single phase operator dynamics underlying the dynamics of usual and
deformed ladder operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74295 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Matching of the staggered four-fermion operators for e'/e


  Using staggered fermions, we calculate the perturbative corrections to the
bilinear and four-fermion operators that are used in the numerical study of
weak matrix elements for $\epsilon'/\epsilon$. We present results for one-loop
matching coefficients between continuum operators, calculated in the Naive
Dimensional Regularization (NDR) scheme, and gauge invariant staggered fermion
operators. These results, combined with existing results for penguin diagrams,
provide the complete one-loop renormalization of the staggered four-fermion
operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2392 </DOCNO>
Origin of enhanced dynamic nuclear polarization and all-optical nuclear


  Time-resolved optical measurements of electron-spin dynamics in a (110) GaAs
quantum well are used to study the consequences of a strongly anisotropic
electron g-tensor, and the origin of previously discovered all-optical nuclear
magnetic resonance. All components of the g-tensor are measured, and a strong
anisotropy even along the in-plane directions is found. The amplitudes of the
spin signal allow the study of the spatial directions of the injected spin and
its precession axis. Surprisingly efficient dynamic nuclear polarization in a
geometry where the electron spins are injected almost transverse to the applied
magnetic field is attributed to an enhanced non-precessing electron spin
component. The small absolute value of the electron g-factor combined with
efficient nuclear spin polarization leads to large nuclear fields that dominate
electron spin precession at low temperatures. These effects allow for sensitive
detection of all-optical nuclear magnetic resonance induced by periodically
excited quantum-well electrons. The mechanism of previously observed Delta m =
2 transitions is investigated and found to be attributable to electric
quadrupole coupling, whereas Delta m = 1 transitions show signatures of both
quadrupole and electron-spin induced magnetic dipole coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41184 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Sigma^- Charge Radius by Sigma^- Electron Elastic


  The Sigma^- mean squared charge radius has been measured in the space-like
Q^2 range 0.035-0.105 GeV^2/c^2 by elastic scattering of a Sigma^- beam off
atomic electrons. The measurement was performed with the SELEX (E781)
spectrometer using the Fermilab hyperon beam at a mean energy of 610 GeV/c. We
obtain <r^2> = (0.61 +/- 0.12 (stat.) +/- 0.09 (syst.)) fm^2. The proton and
pi^- charge radii were measured as well and are consistent with results of
other experiments. Our result agrees with the recently measured strong
interaction radius of the Sigma^-.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149697 </DOCNO>
A conformally invariant differential operator on Weyl tensor densities


  We derive a tensorial formula for a fourth-order conformally invariant
differential operator on conformal 4-manifolds. This operator is applied to
algebraic Weyl tensor densities of a certain conformal weight, and takes its
values in algebraic Weyl tensor densities of another weight. For oriented
manifolds, this operator reverses duality: For example in the Riemannian case,
it takes self-dual to anti-self-dual tensors and vice versa. We also examine
the place that this operator occupies in known results on the classification of
conformally invariant operators, and we examine some related operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127365 </DOCNO>
Formation and dynamics of self-sustained neutron haloes in disk


  It has been recognized long ago that the presence of hot plasma in the inner
accretion disks around black holes could lead to the neutron production via
dissociation of helium nuclei. We show that, for a broad range of accretion
parameters, neutrons effectively decouple from protons and pile up in the inner
disk leading to the formation of self-sustained halo. This means that new
neutrons in the halo are supplied mainly by the splitting of helium nuclei in
their collisions with existing neutrons. Once formed, such a halo can exist
even if the proton temperature is much lower than the energy threshold of
helium dissociation. We show that neutron haloes can be the natural source of
relativistic electrons and positrons, providing characteristic comptonization
spectra and hard spectral tails observed in many black hole candidates, and
also giving rise to relativistic outflows. Deuterium gamma-ray line at 2.2 MeV
resulting from neutron capture is also expected at a level detectable by future
INTEGRAL mission. Furthermore, the presence of a neutron halo strongly affects
the dynamics of accretion and leads to the rich variety of transient dynamical
regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149776 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity of Boundary Closed String Coordinates for an Open


  We study the dynamics of an open membrane with a cylindrical topology, in the
background of a constant three form. We use the action, due to Bergshoeff,
London and Townsend, to study the noncommutativity properties of the boundary
string coordinates. The constrained Hamiltonian formalism due to Dirac is used
to derive the noncommutativity of coordinates. The chain of constraints is
found to be finite for a suitable gauge choice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3979 </DOCNO>
Collapse of attractive Bose-Einstein condensed vortex states in a


  Quantized vortex states of weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of
atoms with attractive interatomic interaction in an axially symmetric harmonic
oscillator trap are investigated using the numerical solution of the
time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation obtained by the semi-implicit
Crank-Nicholson method. Collapse of the condensate is studied in the presence
of deformed traps with a larger frequency along the radial as well as along the
axial directions. The critical number of atoms for collapse is calculated as a
function of vortex quantum $L$. The critical number increases with angular
momentum $L$ of the vortex state but tends to saturate for large $L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85832 </DOCNO>
Higher-U(2,2)-spin fields and higher-dimensional W-gravities: quantum


  A physical and geometrical interpretation of previously introduced tensor
operator algebras of U(2,2) in terms of algebras of higher-conformal-spin
quantum fields on the anti-de Sitter space AdS_5 is provided. These are
higher-dimensional W-like algebras and constitute a potential gauge guide
principle towards the formulation of induced conformal gravities
(Wess-Zumino-Witten-like models) in realistic dimensions. Some remarks on
quantum (Moyal) deformations are given and potentially tractable versions of
noncommutative AdS spaces are also sketched. The role of conformal symmetry in
the microscopic description of Unruh and Hawking's radiation effects is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 785 </DOCNO>
Coordination and chemical effects on the structural, electronic and


  Simple structures of MnX binary compounds, namely hexagonal NiAs and
zincblende, are studied as a function of the anion (X = Sb, As, P) by means of
the all-electron FLAPW method within local spin density and generalized
gradient approximations. An accurate analysis of the structural, electronic and
magnetic properties reveals that the cubic structure greatly favours the
magnetic alignment in these compounds leading to high magnetic moments and
nearly half-metallic behaviour for MnSb and MnAs. The effect of the anion
chemical species is related to both its size and the possible hybridization
with the Mn $d$ states; both contributions are seen to hinder the magnitude of
the magnetic moment for small and light anions. Our results are in very good
agreement with experiment - where available - and show that the generalized
gradient approximation is essential to correctly recover both the equilibrium
volume and magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86113 </DOCNO>
Does brane cosmology have realistic principles?


  The maximal symmetry, or Perfect Cosmological Principle(PCP), that prevents
AdS type spaces from degenerating into anti-inflationary collapse is argued to
be unphysical. For example, the simple requirement that brane-bulk models
should be the result of having evolved from even more energetic string
phenomena picks out a preferred time direction.
 We question whether quantum cosmological reasoning can be applied in any
meaningful way to obtain, what are essentially, classical constructs . An
alternative scheme is to more readily accept the PCP and allow the branes to
also become eternal. A perpetually expanding and contracting brane model could
be driven by the presence of charged black holes in the AdS bulk, that
effectively violates the weak-energy condition as singularities are approached.
This can be contrasted with the so-called Ekpyrotic universe which also closely
accepts the PCP. This being broken only by occasional collisions between
branes, that can then simulate a big bang cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3651 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Bethe Ansatz for a discrete-state BCS pairing model


  We show in detail how Richardson's exact solution of a discrete-state BCS
(DBCS) model can be recovered as a special case of an algebraic Bethe Ansatz
solution of the inhomogeneous XXX vertex model with twisted boundary
conditions: by implementing the twist using Sklyanin's K-matrix construction
and taking the quasiclassical limit, one obtains a complete set of conserved
quantities, H_i, from which the DBCS Hamiltonian can be constructed as a second
order polynomial. The eigenvalues and eigenstates of the H_i (which reduce to
the Gaudin Hamiltonians in the limit of infinitely strong coupling) are exactly
known in terms of a set of parameters determined by a set of on-shell Bethe
Ansatz equations, which reproduce Richardson's equations for these parameters.
We thus clarify that the integrability of the DBCS model is a special case of
the integrability of the twisted inhomogeneous XXX vertex model. Furthermore,
by considering the twisted inhomogeneous XXZ model and/or choosing a generic
polynomial of the H_i as Hamiltonian, more general exactly solvable models can
be constructed. -- To make the paper accessible to readers that are not Bethe
Ansatz experts, the introductory sections include a self-contained review of
those of its feature which are needed here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2541 </DOCNO>
Ab Initio Calculations of the Spin-Half XY Model


  In this article, the correlated basis-function (CBF) method is applied for
the first time to the quantum spin-half {\it XY} model on the linear chain, the
square lattice, and the simple cubic lattice. In this treatment of the quantum
spin-half {\it XY} model a Jastrow ansatz is utilised to approximate the
ground-state wave function. Results for the ground-state energy and the
sublattice magnetisation are presented, and evidence that the CBF detects the
quantum phase transition point in this model is also presented. The CBF results
are compared to previous coupled cluster method (CCM) results for the spin-half
{\it XY} model, and the two formalisms are then compared and contrasted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95967 </DOCNO>
Universal numerical algorithms and their software implementation


  The concept of a universal algorithm is discussed. Examples of this kind of
algorithms are presented. Software implementations of such algorithms in C++
type languages are discussed together with means that provide for computations
with an arbitrary accuracy. Particular emphasis is placed on universal
algorithms of linear algebra over semirings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128371 </DOCNO>
Redshift of reionization: are we there yet?


  Comparison of the observed evolution of the Ly-alpha transmitted flux in the
spectra of four highest redshift quasars discovered by SLOAN survey with the
theoretical prediction for this evolution based on the state-of-the-art
numerical simulations of cosmological reionization already allows one to
constrain the redshift of reionization to z = 6.2 +- 0.1s +- 0.2r, where
systematic and random errors are given respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84010 </DOCNO>
A Multi-Step Process for Generating Multi-Platform User Interfaces using


  There has been a widespread emergence of computing devices in the past few
years that go beyond the capabilities of traditional desktop computers. These
devices have varying input/output characteristics, modalities and interaction
mechanisms. However, users want to use the same kinds of applications and
access the same data and information on these appliances that they can access
on their desktop computers. The user interfaces for these devices and platforms
go beyond the traditional interaction metaphors. It is a challenge to build
User Interfaces (UIs) for these devices of differing capabilities that allow
the end users to perform the same kinds of tasks. The User Interface Markup
Language (UIML) is an XML-based language that allows the canonical description
of UIs for different platforms. We present a multi-step transformation-based
framework for building Multi-Platform User Interfaces using UIML. We describe
the language features of UIML that facilitate the development of multi-platform
UIs, the multi-step process involved in our framework and the transformations
needed to build the UIs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7560 </DOCNO>
Universal spin-polarization fluctuations in 1D wires with magnetic


  We study conductance and spin-polarization fluctuations in one-dimensional
wires with spin-5/2 magnetic impurities. Our tight-binding Green function
approach goes beyond mean field thus including s-d exchange-induced spin-flip
scattering exactly. In a certain parameter range, we find that spin flip
suppresses conductance fluctuations while enhancing spin-polarization
fluctuations. More importantly, spin-polarization fluctuations attain a
universal value 1/3 for large enough spin flip strengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41401 </DOCNO>
TESLA Technical Design Report, Part VI, Chapter 1: The Photon Collider


  TESLA Technical Design Report, Part VI, Chapter 1: The Photon Collider at
TESLA

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168109 </DOCNO>
Discussion on spin-flip synchrotron radiation


  Quantum spin-flip transitions are of great importance in the synchrotron
radiation theory. For better understanding of the nature of this phenomenon, it
is necessary to except the effects connected with the electric charge radiation
from observation. This fact explains the suggested choice of the spin-flip
radiation model in the form of radiation of the electric neutral Dirac-Pauli
particle moving in the homogeneous magnetic field. It is known that in this
case, the total radiation in the quantum theory is conditioned by spin-flip
transitions. The idea is that spin-flip radiation is represented as a
nonstationary process connected with spin precession. We shall shown how to
construct a solution of the classical equation of the spin precession in the
BMT theory having the exact solution of the Dirac-Pauli equation.Thus, one will
find the connection of the quantum spin-flip transitions with classical spin
precession.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123941 </DOCNO>
Searching for fluctuations in the IGM temperature using the Lyman alpha


  We propose a statistical method to search for fluctuations in the temperature
of the intergalactic medium (IGM) using the Lyman $\alpha$ forest. The power on
small scales ($\sim 25 \km/\s$) is used as a thermometer and fluctuations of
this power are constrained. The method is illustrated using Q1422+231. We see
no evidence of temperature fluctuations. We show that in a model with two
temperatures that occupy comparable fractions of the spectra, the ratio of
small scale powers is constrained to be smaller than 3.5 (corresponding to a
factor of 2.5 in temperature). We show that approximately ten quasars are
needed constrain factors of two fluctuations in small scale power power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124995 </DOCNO>
The Distance to the Magellanic Clouds


  The distance to LMC and SMC is a subject of controversy, with the difference
between the extreme values in distance moduli exceeding 0.5 mag. While
currently the best calibrated method is based on red clump giants, and the near
future improvement is most likely to come from detached eclipsing binaries, the
ultimate goal is to have a purely geometrical determination. The best prospect
will be to use relatively wide binary stars, for which spectroscopic orbits
will be obtained with large ground based telescopes, and astrometric orbits
will be obtained either with SIM, or with future ground based interferometers.
A preliminary list of 25 candidate systems is presented. It is based on OGLE
catalogs of BVI photometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148679 </DOCNO>
Black holes and conformal mechanics


  We show how the motion of a charged particle near the horizon of an extreme
Reissner-Nordstrom black hole can lead to different forms of conformal
mechanics, depending on the choice of the time coordinate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148643 </DOCNO>
Instability of Non-Commutative SYM Theories at Finite Temperature


  We extend our previous work on the quasi-particle excitations in N=4
non-commutative U(1) Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature. We show that
above some critical temperature there is a tachyon in the spectrum of
excitations. It is a collective transverse photon mode polarized in the
non-commutative plane. Thus the theory seems to undergo a phase transition at
high temperature. Furthermore we find that the group velocity of
quasi-particles generically exceeds the speed of light at low momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40722 </DOCNO>
Search for heavy neutrinos mixing with tau neutrinos


  We report on a search for heavy neutrinos ($\nus$) produced in the decay
$D_s\to \tau \nus$ at the SPS proton target followed by the decay $\nudecay$ in
the NOMAD detector. Both decays are expected to occur if $\nus$ is a component
of $\nu_{\tau}$.\
  From the analysis of the data collected during the 1996-1998 runs with
$4.1\times10^{19}$ protons on target, a single candidate event consistent with
background expectations was found. This allows to derive an upper limit on the
mixing strength between the heavy neutrino and the tau neutrino in the $\nus$
mass range from 10 to 190 $\rm MeV$. Windows between the SN1987a and Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis lower limits and our result are still open for future
experimental searches. The results obtained are used to constrain an
interpretation of the time anomaly observed in the KARMEN1 detector.\

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83610 </DOCNO>
Mantaining Dynamic Matrices for Fully Dynamic Transitive Closure


  In this paper we introduce a general framework for casting fully dynamic
transitive closure into the problem of reevaluating polynomials over matrices.
With this technique, we improve the best known bounds for fully dynamic
transitive closure. In particular, we devise a deterministic algorithm for
general directed graphs that achieves $O(n^2)$ amortized time for updates,
while preserving unit worst-case cost for queries. In case of deletions only,
our algorithm performs updates faster in O(n) amortized time.
  Our matrix-based approach yields an algorithm for directed acyclic graphs
that breaks through the $O(n^2)$ barrier on the single-operation complexity of
fully dynamic transitive closure. We can answer queries in $O(n^\epsilon)$ time
and perform updates in $O(n^{\omega(1,\epsilon,1)-\epsilon}+n^{1+\epsilon})$
time, for any $\epsilon\in[0,1]$, where $\omega(1,\epsilon,1)$ is the exponent
of the multiplication of an $n\times n^{\epsilon}$ matrix by an
$n^{\epsilon}\times n$ matrix. The current best bounds on
$\omega(1,\epsilon,1)$ imply an $O(n^{0.58})$ query time and an $O(n^{1.58})$
update time. Our subquadratic algorithm is randomized, and has one-side error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126562 </DOCNO>
No Supermassive Black Hole in M33?


  We analyze optical long-slit spectroscopy of the nucleus of M33 obtained from
the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope.
Rather than the steep rise expected within the radius of influence of a
supermassive black hole, the velocity dispersion drops significantly within the
inner parsec. Dynamical modelling yields an estimated upper limit of 3000 solar
masses for the mass of a central compact object. This upper limit is however
consistent within the uncertainties with the mass predicted by the M-sigma
relation, which is between 2000 and 20,000 solar masses. We therefore can not
conclude that the presence of a massive black hole in the nucleus of M33 would
require a different formation mechanism from that of the black holes detected
in galaxies with more luminous bulges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96450 </DOCNO>
Characterization of Hida Measures in white noise analysis


  The main purpose of this work is to prove Theorem 4.4, so-called, the
characterization theorem of Hida measures (generalized measures). As examples
of such measures, we shall present the Poisson noise measure and the Grey noise
measure in Example 4.5 and 4.6, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97196 </DOCNO>
Compactifications defined by arrangements I: the ball quotient case


  We define a natural compactification of an arrangement complement in a ball
quotient. We show that when this complement has a moduli space interpretation,
then this compactification is often one that appears naturally by means of
geometric invariant theory. We illustrate this with the moduli spaces of smooth
quartic curves and rational elliptic surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3524 </DOCNO>
Non-gaussian Noise in Quantum Spin Glasses and Interacting Two-level


  We study a general model for non-gaussian $1/f$ noise based on an infinite
range quantum Ising spin system in the paramagnetic state, or equivalently,
interacting two-level classical fluctuators. We identify a dilatation
interaction term in the dynamics which survives the thermodynamic limit and
circumvents the central limit theorem to produce non-gaussian noise even when
the equilibrium distribution is that of {\em non-interacting} spins. The
resulting second spectrum (`noise of the noise') itself has a universal $1/f$
form which we analyze within a dynamical mean field approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2464 </DOCNO>
Transport in nanostructures: A comparison between nonequilibrium Green


  Stationary electric transport in semiconductor nanostructures is studied by
the method of nonequilibrium Green functions. In the case of sequential
tunneling the results are compared with density matrix theory, providing almost
identical results. Nevertheless, the method of Green functions is easier to
handle due to the availability of an absolute energy scale. It is demonstrated,
that the transport in complicated structures, like quantum cascade lasers, can
be described in reasonable agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73273 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark production via supersymmetric interaction at a neutrino


  We investigate b-quark production in both charged and neutral current
channels through neutrino-nucleon scattering at a neutrino factory, mediated by
the lepton flavour violating interactions present in a supersymmetric theory
with broken R-parity. Using values of the effctive interaction strengths well
below the current and projected experimental bounds, we are still able to
predict markedly enhanced event rates, especially for the neutral current
events which are not allowed at the lowest order in the standard model (SM).
Data from neutrino factories can therefore be used to probe strengths of such
interactions to considerably higher precision than what can be envisioned in
other experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75206 </DOCNO>
Coherent gluon production in very high energy heavy ion collisions


  The early stages of a relativistic heavy-ion collision are examined in the
framework of an effective classical SU(3) Yang-Mills theory in the transverse
plane. We compute the initial energy and number distributions, per unit
rapidity, at mid-rapidity, of gluons produced in high energy heavy ion
collisions. We discuss the phenomenological implications of our results in
light of the recent RHIC data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5264 </DOCNO>
Multiple Choice Minority Game


  Minority game is a model of heterogeneous players who think inductively. In
this game, each player chooses one out of two alternatives every turn and those
who end up in the minority side wins. It is instructive to extend the minority
game by allowing players to choose one out of many alternatives. Nevertheless,
such an extension is not straight-forward due to the difficulties in finding a
set of reasonable, unbiased and computationally feasible strategies. Here, we
propose a variation of the minority game where every player has more than two
options. Results of numerical simulations agree with the expectation that our
multiple choices minority game exhibits similar behavior as the original
two-choice minority game.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76181 </DOCNO>
Correlations in hot and dense quark matter


  We present a relativistic three-body equation to investigate three-quark
clusters in hot and dense quark matter. To derive such an equation we use the
Dyson equation approach. The equation systematically includes the Pauli
blocking factors as well as the self energy corrections of quarks. Special
relativity is realized through the light front form. Presently we use a
zero-range force and investigate the Mott transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2655 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical Theory of Spontaneous Currents at Surfaces and Interfaces


  We investigate the properties of spontaneous currents generated at surfaces
and interfaces of d-wave superconductors using the self-consistent
quasiclassical Eilenberger equations. The influence of the roughness and
reflectivity of the boundaries on the spontaneous current are studied. We show
that these have very different effects at the surfaces compared to the
interfaces, which reflects the different nature of the time reversal symmetry
breaking states in these two systems. We find a signature of the "anomalous
proximity effect" at highly rough d-wave interfaces. We also show that the
existence of a subdominant order parameter, which is necessary for time
reversal symmetry breaking at the surface, has a counter effect on the
spontaneous current generation due to the proximity effect at the interface
between two superconductors. We associate orbital moments to the spontaneous
currents to explain the "superscreening" effect, which seems to be present at
all ideal d-wave surfaces and interfaces, whenever d_{xy} is the favorite
subdominant symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129195 </DOCNO>
The change from accretion via a thin disk to a coronal flow: dependence


  We study the transition from the geometrically thin disk to the hot coronal
flow for accretion onto black holes. The efficiency of evaporation determines
the truncation of the geometrically thin disk as a function of the black hole
mass and the mass flow rate in the outer disk. The physics of the evaporation
was already described in detail in earlier work (Meyer et al. 2000b). We show
now that the value of the viscosity parameter for the coronal gas has a strong
influence on the evaporation efficiency. For smaller values of the viscosity
evaporation is less efficient. For a given mass flow rate from outside the
geometrically thin disk then extends farther inward. Spectral transitions
between soft and hard states are then expected for different mass flow rates in
the outer disk. The physics is the same for the cases of stellar and
supermassive black holes systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5946 </DOCNO>
Influence of Nd on the magnetic properties of Nd1-xCaxMnO3


  The role played by the Nd ions in the magnetic properties of Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3
and Nd0.7Ca0.3MnO3 is studied using static magnetization, neutron diffraction
and high frequency (9.4-475GHz) Electron Spin Resonance. We show that the Nd
ions are weakly coupled to the Mn ions via ferromagnetic exchange and are
responsible for the peculiar ferromagnetic resonance observed in the FM phase
of both compounds (ground state below 120K for x=0.3, high field state for
x=0.5). We then use ESR to look for magnetic phase separation in the low field,
CO phase of Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3. We show that there is no trace of the FM phase
imbedded in the CO phase, contrary to what is observed in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 or
Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129168 </DOCNO>
The Star Formation Rate Intensity Distribution Function--Implications


  We address the effects of cosmological surface brightness dimming on
observations of faint galaxies by examining the distribution of "unobscured"
star formation rate intensities versus redshift. We use the star formation rate
intensity distribution function to assess the ultraviolet luminosity density
versus redshift, based on our photometry and photometric redshift measurements
of faint galaxies in the HDF and the HDF--S WFPC2 and NICMOS fields. We find
that (1) previous measurements have missed a dominant fraction of the
ultraviolet luminosity density of the universe at high redshifts by neglecting
cosmological surface brightness dimming effects, which are important at
redshifts larger than z = 2, (2) the incidence of the highest intensity star
forming regions increases monotonically with redshift, and (3) the ultraviolet
luminosity density plausibly increases monotonically with redshift through the
highest redshifts observed. By measuring the spectrum of the luminosity density
versus redshift, we also find that (4) previous measurements of the ultraviolet
luminosity density at redshifts z < 2 must be reduced by a factor 2 to allow
for the spectrum of the luminosity density between rest-frame wavelengths 1500
and 2800 A. And by comparing with observations of high-redshift damped
Lyman-alpha absorption systems detected toward background QSOs, we further find
that (5) the distribution of star formation rate intensities matches the
distribution of neutral hydrogen column densities at redshifts z = 2 through 5,
which establishes a quantitative connection between high-redshift galaxies and
high column density gas and suggests that high-redshift damped Lyman-alpha
absorption systems trace lower star formation rate intensity regions of the
same galaxies detected in star light in the HDF and HDF--S.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76274 </DOCNO>
Solutions of the quantization conditions for the odderon charge q3 and


  The quantization conditions which come from the requirement of the
singlevaluedness of the odderon wave function are formulated and solved
numerically in the 4 dimensional space of the odderon charge q3 and the
conformal weight h. It turns out that these conditions are fulfilled along one
dimensional curves parametrized by a discrete set of values of Re(h) in 3
dimensional subspace (Im(h),Im(q3),Re(q3)). The odderon energy calculated along
these curves corresponds in all cases to the intercept lower than 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85818 </DOCNO>
Toy model for a two-dimensional accretion disk dominated by Poynting


  We discuss the effect of the Poynting flow on the magnetically dominated thin
accretion disk, which is simplified to a two-dimensional disk on the equatorial
plane. It is shown in the relativistic formulation that the Poynting flux by
the rotating magnetic field with Keplerian angular velocity can balance the
energy and angular momentum conservation of a steady accretion flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99014 </DOCNO>
On the Bi-Hamiltonian Theory for the Harry Dym Equation


  We describe how the Harry Dym equation fits into the the bi-Hamiltonian
formalism for the Korteweg-de Vries equation and other soliton equations. This
is achieved by means of a certain Poisson pencil constructed from two
compatible Poisson structures. We obtain an analogue of the
Kadomtsev-Petviashivili hierarchy whose reduction leads to the Harry Dym
hierarchy. We call such system the HD-KP hierarchy. Then, we construct an
infinite system of ordinary differential equations (in infinitely many
variables) that is equivalent to the HD-KP hierarchy. Its role is analogous to
the one played by the Central System for the Kadomtsev-Petviashivili hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96492 </DOCNO>
Yangian and quantum universal solutions of Gervais--Neveu--Felder


  We construct universal Drinfel'd twists defining deformations of Hopf algebra
structures based upon simple Lie algebras and contragredient simple Lie
superalgebras. In particular, we obtain deformed and dynamical double Yangians.
Some explicit realisations as evaluation representations are given for sl(N),
sl(1|2) and osp(1|2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76408 </DOCNO>
Why extra gauge Bosons should exist and how to hunt them


  Werner Heisenberg's work is the foundation for many topics of present
research. This is also true for the search for extra gauge bosons. The
prospects of future colliders in this search are shortly mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125069 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional Simulations of the Parker Instability in a


  We investigate the effects of rotation on the evolution of the Parker
instability in an exponentially-stratified and uniformly-rotating magnetized
gas disk by carrying out three-dimensional numerical simulations with an
isothermal magnetohydrodynamic code. The instability has been initialized by
random velocity perturbations. In the linear stage, the evolution is not much
different from that without rotation and the mixed (undular + interchange) mode
regulates the system. The interchange mode induces alternating dense and
rarefied regions with small radial wavelengths, while the undular mode bends
the magnetic field lines in the plane of azimuthal and vertical directions. In
the nonlinear stage, flow motion overall becomes chaotic as in the case without
rotation. However, as the gas in higher positions slides down along field lines
forming supersonic flows, the Coriolis force becomes important. As oppositely
directed flows fall into valleys along both sides of magnetic field lines, they
experience the Coriolis force toward opposite directions, which twists magnetic
field lines there. Hence, we suggest that the Coriolis force plays a role in
randomizing magnetic field. The three-dimensional density structure formed by
the instability is still sheet-like with the short dimension along the radial
direction, as in the case without rotation. However, the long dimension is now
slightly tilted with respect to the mean field direction. The shape of high
density regions is a bit rounder. The maximum enhancement factor of the
vertical column density relative to its initial value is about 1.5, which is
smaller than that in the case without rotation. We conclude that uniform
rotation doesn't change our point of view that the Parker instability alone is
not a viable mechanism for the formation of giant molecular clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7193 </DOCNO>
The Holtsmark distribution of forces and its role in gravitational


  The evolution and the statistical properties of an infinite gravitating
system represent an interesting and widely investigated subject of research. In
cosmology, the standard approach is based on equations of hydrodynamics. In the
present paper, we analyze the problem from a different perspective, which is
usually neglected. We focus our attention on the fact that at small scale the
distribution is point-like, or granular, and not fluid-like. The basic result
is that the discrete nature of the system is a fundamental ingredient to
understand its evolution. The initial configuration is a Poisson distribution
in which the distribution of forces is governed by the Holtsmark function.
Computer simulations show that the structure formation corresponds to the shift
of the granularity from small to large scales. We also present a simple
cellular automaton model that reproduces this phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128064 </DOCNO>
Cluster Galaxy Populations from z=0.33 - 0.83: Characterizing Evolution


  We combine HST WFPC mosaics of clusters at multiple redshifts with Keck LRIS
spectroscopy to characterize different galaxy populations and how they evolve.
By combining quantitative measurements of structural parameters with velocity
dispersions, line indices, and morphological types, we attempt to establish
links between ellipticals, S0's, E+A's, and later type galaxies. Here we focus
on galaxies in CL1358+62, a massive cluster at z=0.33.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 432 </DOCNO>
Leading Temperature Corrections to Fermi Liquid Theory in Two Dimensions


  We calculate the basic parameters of the Fermi Liquid: the scattering vertex,
the Landau interaction function, the effective mass, and physical
susceptibilities for a model of two-dimensional (2D) fermions with a short
ranged interaction at non-zero temperature. The leading temperature dependences
of the spin components of the scattering vertex, the Landau function, and the
spin susceptibility are found to be linear. T-linear terms in the effective
mass and in the ``charge-sector''- quantities are found to cancel to second
order in the interaction, but the cancellation is argued not to be generic. The
connection with previous studies of the 2D Fermi-Liquid parameters is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4436 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``New Vortex-Matter Size Effect Observed in


  The Letter of Wang et al. \cite{wan} is related to the recently discovered
vanishing of the second magnetization peak (SMP) in high-$T_c$ superconductors
reducing the sample size \cite{kope1,kope2,gal}. This phenomenon has been
interpreted \cite{kope1,kope2,gal} in terms of thermomagnetic instability (TMI)
effects. The TMI approach has also been adopted by Wang et al. in their
previous work \cite{wan2} on the critical sample size temperature dependence
$R_{cr}(T)$ measured in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ (Bi2212) single
crystals. In contrast, in the recently published Letter \cite{wan} the authors
claimed that the $R_{cr}(T)$ obtained for Bi2212 crystals is at odds with the
TMI model and proposed an alternative explanation of the results assuming that
the SMP vanishes as the sample width (or diameter) becomes smaller than the
in-plane vortex correlation length $R_c^{2D}(T) \sim J_c(T)^{-1/2}$, where
$J_c(T)$ is the critical current density. We demonstrate below that the authors
conclusion is misleading.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126480 </DOCNO>
X-ray spectral imaging and Doppler mapping of Cassiopeia A


  A detailed X-ray spectral analysis of Cas A using a deep exposure from the
EPIC-MOS cameras on-board XMM-Newton is presented. Spectral fitting was
performed on a 15x15 grid of 20"x20" pixels using a two component
non-equilibrium ionisation model (NEI) giving maps of ionisation age,
temperature, interstellar column density, abundances and Doppler velocities.
The abundances of Si, S, Ar and Ca are strongly correlated. The abundance
ratios are consistent with the nucleosynthesis yield from the collapse of a 12
Msun progenitor. The abundance ratios Ne/Si, Mg/Si, Fe/Si and Ni/Si are very
variable and distinctly different from S/Si, Ar/Si and Ca/Si, in line with the
current explosive nucleosynthesis models. The ionisation age and temperature of
both NEI components varies considerably over the remnant. Accurate
determination of these parameters yield reliable Doppler velocities for both
components. The data are consistent with a plasma velocity of 2600 km/s at the
shock radius of 153" implying a primary shock velocity of 4000+/-500 km/s. The
Si-K and S-K line emission from the cool component is confined to a relatively
narrow shell with radius 100-150". This component is almost certainly ejecta
material which has been heated by a combination of the reverse shock and
heating of ejecta clumps as they plough through the medium which has been
pre-heated by the primary shock. The Fe-K line emission is expanding faster and
spans a radius range 110-170". The bulk of the Fe emission is confined to two
large clumps and it is likely that these too are the result of ablation from
ejecta bullets rather swept up circumstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125581 </DOCNO>
Halo White Dwarfs, Thick Disks and a Sanity Check


  The discovery of a population of high proper motion white dwarfs by
Oppenheimer et al (2001) has caused a lot of speculation as to the origin of
these stars. I show that the age distribution of the white dwarfs offers a kind
of sanity check in these discussions. In particular, this population appears to
have a similar age distribution to those in the standard, thin disk white dwarf
population. This is not what is expected for either the halo or thick disk,
which are thought to be old populations. It may indicate a different dynamical
origin entirely, or it may be just be the tail of a larger distribution,
implying a significantly larger total density in even older white dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96629 </DOCNO>
Formules pour les nombres premiers


  The distribution of prime numbers is here considered. We show a formula for
$li^{-1}$ and we study the $\pi(x)$ function and Riemann's hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86246 </DOCNO>
Detectability of Cosmic Topology in Almost Flat Universes


  Recent observations suggest that the ratio of the total density to the
critical density of the universe, $\Omega_0$, is likely to be very close to
one, with a significant proportion of this energy being in the form of a dark
component with negative pressure. Motivated by this result, we study the
question of observational detection of possible non-trivial topologies in
universes with $\Omega_0 \sim 1$, which include a cosmological constant. Using
a number of indicators we find that as $\Omega_0 \to 1$, increasing families of
possible manifolds (topologies) become either undetectable or can be excluded
observationally. Furthermore, given a non-zero lower bound on $|\Omega_0 - 1|$,
we can rule out families of topologies (manifolds) as possible candidates for
the shape of our universe. We demonstrate these findings concretely by
considering families of topologies and employing bounds on cosmological
parameters from recent observations. We find that given the present bounds on
cosmological parameters, there are families of both hyperbolic and spherical
manifolds that remain undetectable and families that can be excluded as the
shape of our universe. These results are of importance in future search
strategies for the detection of the shape of our universe, given that there are
an infinite number of theoretically possible topologies and that the future
observations are expected to put a non-zero lower bound on $|\Omega_0 - 1|$
which is more accurate and closer to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75657 </DOCNO>
The Radiative rare decays $B\to K^{**}\gamma$ in the light-cone QCD sum


  We predict contributions of higher $K$-resonances to the radiative rare
decays $b\to s\gamma$, in the framework of the QCD sum rules on the light cone,
which combines the traditional QCD sum rule method with the description of
final state mesons in terms of the light-cone wave functions of increasing
twist. Our calculations are restricted to the leading twist-two operators for
$K^*(892)$ and to the asymptotic wave function for the other $K^{**}$-mesons.
  Using experimental data on the semileptonic $\tau\to K^{**}\nu_{\tau}$
decays, we extract the corresponding decay constants for vector and
axial-vector $K^{**}$-mesons. Based on our estimate of the transition form
factor $F_1^{K^*(892)}(0)=0.32 \pm 0.06$ and the $K_2^*(1430)$ decay constant
$f_{K_2^*(1430)}=(160\pm 20) MeV$, we find good agreement with experimental
results. The two largest fractions of the inclusive $b\to s\gamma$ branching
ratio are found to be $(10.0\pm 4.0)%$ for $B\to K^*(892) \gamma$ and $(5.0\pm
2.0)%$ for $B\to K_2^*(1430)\gamma$ decays. We also compare our results with
the existing theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5481 </DOCNO>
Solvable model for electrolytic soap films: the two-dimensional


  We study a toy model for electrolytic soap films, the two-dimensional
two-component plasma. This model is exactly solvable for a special value of the
coulombic coupling constant $\beta q^2=2$. This allows us to compute the
disjoining pressure of a film and to study its stability. We found that the
Coulomb interaction plays an important role in this stability. Also the
adhesivity that measures the attraction of soap anions to the boundaries is
very important. For large adhesivity the film is stable, whereas for small
adhesivity a collapse could occur. We also study the density and correlations
in the film. The charge density near the boundary shows a double layered
profile. We show that the charge correlations verify a certain number of sum
rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85710 </DOCNO>
Quantum cosmology at the turn of Millennium


  A brief review of the modern state of quantum cosmology is presented as a
theory of quantum initial conditions for inflationary scenario. The no-boundary
and tunneling states of the Universe are discussed as a possible source of
probability peaks in the distribution of initial data for inflation. It is
emphasized that in the tree-level approximation the existence of such peaks is
in irreconcilable contradiction with the slow roll regime -- the difficulty
that is likely to be solved only on account of quantum gravitational effects.
The low-energy (typically GUT scale) mechanism of quantum origin of the
inflationary Universe with observationally justified parameters is presented
for closed and open inflation models with a strong non-minimal coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3486 </DOCNO>
From exotic BCS superconductivity to Bose-Einstein condensation: beyond


  (abridged) We study the crossover from BCS superconductivity to BE
condensation in the context of free fermions interacting with a non-retarded
effective pair potential that is attractive at a well-defined finite distance
r_0: the delta-shell potential, within a functional integral approach. The
corresponding theory of superconductivity is free from the ultra-violet
divergences, allowing us to study the crossover as a function of both the
interaction and the density, independently, as well as including the
possibility of pairing in more than one angular momentum channel. The BCS and
BE limits are well-defined and distinct. In the BCS limit, the rotational
symmetry of the model is broken at finite densities, as a result of the
interplay between r_0 and the inter-particle distance, r_s, as a generic
feature of an interaction potential V(r) which is a strongly non-monotonic
function of r. On the other hand, in the BE limit the rotational symmetry is
always restored, through two distinct mechanisms. Firstly, in the ground state,
the lower internal energy of the composite bosons with internal angular
momentum quantum number l=0 makes a Bose-Einstein condensate of such
spherically symmetric particles preferred. In fact, a zero-temperature phase
transition, in which the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter is
lowered, should be a fairly general feature of the crossover at finite
densities. Secondly, at T_c, the internal degrees of freedom of the composite
bosons lead to the fragmentation of the condensate, and l=0 is preferred
because it is the only non-degenerate internal state. Finally we discuss the
implications of our analysis for the "preformed pair scenario" of underdoped
cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1185 </DOCNO>
Explaining the Virtual Universal Occurrence of Static Friction


  Perturbation theory, simulations and scaling arguments predict that there
should be no static friction for two weakly interacting flat atomically smooth
clean solid surfaces. The absence of static friction results from the fact that
the atomic level interfacial potential energy is much weaker than the elastic
potential energy, which prevents the atoms from sinking to their interfacial
potential minima. Consequently, we have essentially two rigid solids, for which
the forces at randomly distributed "pinning sites" cancel. It is shown here
that even fluctuations in the concentration of atomic level defects at the
interface do not account for static friction. It is also argued that the
sliding of contacting asperities, which occurs when the problem is studied at
the multi-micron length scale, relative to each other involves the shearing of
planes of atoms. Since this results in a force for the interaction of two
asperities which varies over sliding distances of the order of an atomic
spacing, the contacting asperities at the surface are able to sink to their
interfacial potential minima, with negligible cost in elastic potential energy.
This results in static friction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73639 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Model Contributions to $B^0_d$--$\bar B^0_d$ Mixing and


  Recent results from Belle and BaBar Collaborations hint at a small
$\sin2\phi_1$, while the measured $B\to\pi\pi$ rate also seems to be on the low
side. Supersymmetric (SUSY) models with down squark mixings can account for the
deficits in both cases. By studying the origin of SUSY contributions that could
impact on $B^0_d$--$\bar B^0_d$ mixing and $B\to\pi\pi$ decay, we find that the
former would most likely arise from left-left or right-right squark mixings,
while the latter would come from left-right squark mixings. These two processes
in general are not much correlated in the Minimum Supersymmetric Standard
Model. If the smallness of $B\to\pi\pi$ is due to SUSY models, one would likely
have large $B\to\rho\gamma$ from chiral enhancement, and the rate could be
within present experimental reach. Even if $B\to\rho\gamma$ is not greatly
enhanced, it could have large mixing dependent CP violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86951 </DOCNO>
The Cotton, Simon-Mars and Cotton-York Tensors in Stationary Spacetimes


  The Cotton-York and Simon-Mars tensors in stationary vacuum spacetimes are
studied in the language of the congruence approach pioneered by Hawking and
Ellis. Their relationships with the Papapetrou field defined by the stationary
Killing congruence and with a recent characterization of the Kerr spacetime in
terms of the alignment between of the principal null directions of the Weyl
tensor with those of the Papapetrou field are also investigated in this more
transparent language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169434 </DOCNO>
Continuous variable quantum cloning via the Cavity QED with trapped ions


  We present a feasible scheme to use trapped ions Cavity QED system to
implement optimal $1\to N$ cloning machine of coherent state. In present
scheme, as the ouput of the clone machine, the copies of the cavity mode emerge
at the vibrational modes and cavity modes is acted as the ancilla mode in the
implementation of the cloning. We further show that such system can be used to
generated multimodes quantum state, which can realize optimum symmetric $1\to
N$ telecloning of coherent state of distant cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83991 </DOCNO>
Explaining Scenarios for Information Personalization


  Personalization customizes information access. The PIPE ("Personalization is
Partial Evaluation") modeling methodology represents interaction with an
information space as a program. The program is then specialized to a user's
known interests or information seeking activity by the technique of partial
evaluation. In this paper, we elaborate PIPE by considering requirements
analysis in the personalization lifecycle. We investigate the use of scenarios
as a means of identifying and analyzing personalization requirements. As our
first result, we show how designing a PIPE representation can be cast as a
search within a space of PIPE models, organized along a partial order. This
allows us to view the design of a personalization system, itself, as
specialized interpretation of an information space. We then exploit the
underlying equivalence of explanation-based generalization (EBG) and partial
evaluation to realize high-level goals and needs identified in scenarios; in
particular, we specialize (personalize) an information space based on the
explanation of a user scenario in that information space, just as EBG
specializes a theory based on the explanation of an example in that theory. In
this approach, personalization becomes the transformation of information spaces
to support the explanation of usage scenarios. An example application is
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1500 </DOCNO>
Structural and magnetic properties of GaMnAs layers with high Mn content


  We have grown the ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs containing up to 10% Mn
by migration enhanced epitaxy at a substrate temperature of 150^oC. The
alternate supply of As2 molecules and Ga and Mn atoms made it possible to grow
single crystalline GaMnAs layers at very low substrate temperature, at which
conventional molecular beam epitaxial growth under excess As supply is not
possible due to As condensation. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy and X-ray
diffraction measurements confirmed a higher Mn content in the films grown by
this method in comparison to the GaMnAs layers grown by low temperature
molecular beam epitaxy. The lattice constant of hypothetical zinc-blende
structure MnAs is determined to be 5.9 \AA, which deviates somewhat from
previously reported values. This deviation is ascribed to growth-condition
dependent density of point defects. It is stressed that this effect must be
taken into account for any assessment of Mn content from X-ray diffraction
data.
  Magnetization measurements showed an onset of ferromagnetic ordering around
75 K for the GaMnAs layer with 10% Mn. This means that the trend of falling
Curie temperatures with increasing Mn concentrations above 5.5% is broken.
  We tentatively assign this to the variation of the carrier concentration,
including contributions from donor and acceptor centers formed by antisite
defects and Mn doping, and increased density of magnetically active Mn ions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125799 </DOCNO>
Probing the Core Structure of Dark Halos with Tangential and Radial Arc


  We study the arc statistics of gravitational lensing generated by dark matter
halos in order to probe their density profile. We characterize the halo profile
by two parameters, the inner slope of the central cusp $\alpha$, and the median
amplitude of the concentration parameter, $c_{\rm norm}$, for a halo of mass
$10^{14}h^{-1}M_\odot$ at $z=0$, and compute the numbers of tangential and
radial arcs produced by gravitational lensing of galaxy clusters. We find that
the number of arcs divided by the number of halos is a good statistic which is
sensitive to both $c_{\rm norm}$ and $\alpha$ with very weak dependence on the
cosmological parameters. If the arc samples with well-defined selection
criteria for the clusters become available, one can strongly constrain both
$c_{\rm norm}$ and $\alpha$. While our tentative comparison with the existing
observational data indicates that the inner density profile of dark halos is
indeed as steep as predicted by recent simulations ($\alpha \sim 1.5$), the
homogeneous samples of tangential and radial arcs are required for more
quantitative discussions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41319 </DOCNO>
Searches for Leptoquarks, Squarks in $\not R_p$ SUSY and Excited


  Various searches for leptoquarks, scalar quarks in $R_p$-violating
supersymmetric models, and excited fermions performed by the HERA experiments
H1 and ZEUS are reviewed. No evidence for new particle production was observed
from data collected by both experiments since 1994 in either electron-proton
and positron-proton collisions. Stringent limits derived on the masses and
couplings of these new particles are compared whenever appropriate with those
from LEP, the Tevatron and low energy experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149251 </DOCNO>
Braneworld effective action and origin of inflation


  We construct braneworld effective action in two brane Randall-Sundrum model
and show that the radion mode plays the role of a scalar field localizing
essentially nonlocal part of this action. Non-minimal curvature coupling of
this field reflects the violation of AdS/CFT-correspondence for finite values
of brane separation. Under small detuning of the brane tension from the
Randall-Sundrum flat brane value, the radion mode can play the role of
inflaton. Inflationary dynamics corresponds to branes moving apart in the field
of repelling interbrane inflaton-radion potential and implies the existence
acceleration stage caused by remnant cosmological constant at late (large brane
separation) stages of evolution. We discuss the possibility of fixing initial
conditions in this model within the concept of braneworld creation from the
tunneling or no-boundary cosmological state, which formally replaces the
conventional moduli stabilization mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86769 </DOCNO>
Critical collapse in 2+1 dimensional AdS spacetime: quasi-CSS solutions


  We construct a one-parameter family of exact time-dependent solutions to 2+1
gravity with a negative cosmological constant and a massless minimally coupled
scalar field as source. These solutions present a continuously self-similar
(CSS) behaviour near the central singularity, as observed in critical collapse,
and an asymptotically AdS behaviour at spatial infinity. We consider the linear
perturbation analysis in this background, and discuss the crucial question of
boundary conditions. These are tested in the special case where the scalar
field decouples and the linear perturbations describe exactly the small-mass
static BTZ black hole. In the case of genuine scalar perturbations, we find a
growing mode with a behavior characteristic of supercritical collapse, the
spacelike singularity and apparent horizon appearing simultaneously and
evolving towards the AdS boundary. Our boundary conditions lead to the value of
the critical exponent $\gamma = 0.4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114137 </DOCNO>
Creep and Mechanical Oscillator Damping


  Although "friction" is included in many models of oscillator damping,
including viscous ones applied to the pendulum; they "miss the mark" with
regard to a conceptual understanding of the mechanisms responsible for energy
loss. The theory of the present paper corrects some of these misunderstandings
by considering the influence of internal friction which derives from the
structural members of the oscillator through secondary rather than primary
creep. The simple model properly describes the variation of Q with frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6063 </DOCNO>
Single-photon tunneling


  Strong evidence of a single-photon tunneling effect, a direct analog of
single-electron tunneling, has been obtained in the measurements of light
tunneling through individual subwavelength pinholes in a thick gold film
covered with a layer of polydiacetylene. The transmission of some pinholes
reached saturation because of the optical nonlinearity of polydiacetylene at a
very low light intensity of a few thousands photons per second. This result is
explained theoretically in terms of "photon blockade", similar to the Coulomb
blockade phenomenon observed in single-electron tunneling experiments. The
single-photon tunneling effect may find many applications in the emerging
fields of quantum communication and information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73351 </DOCNO>
Pion production in nonequilibrium Chiral perturbation Theory


  We apply the formalism of Chiral Perturbation Theory out of thermal
equilibrium to describe explosive production of pions via the parametric
resonance mechanism. To lowest order the lagrangian is that of the Nonlinear
Sigma Model where the pion decay constant becomes a time-dependent function.
This model alows for a consistent nonequilibrium formulation within the
framework of the closed time path method, where one-loop effects can be
systematically accounted for and renormalized. We work in the narrow resonance
regime where there is only one resonant band. The present approach is limited
to remain below the back-reaction time, although it accounts for nearly all the
pion production during the typical plasma lifetime. The space and time
components of the pion decay constant are also analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72402 </DOCNO>
Heavy meson masses via Dick interquark potential


  We study Dick quark-antiquark potential (up to a color factor)
$V_D(r)={-\alpha_s \over r} + gf \sqrt{N_c \over {2(N_c-1)}} \ln[exp(2mr)-1]$
in the heavy meson sector. This potential emerges from an effective
dilaton-gluon coupling inspired from string theory and proves to be linearly
rising at large distances which ensures quark confinement. The
semi-relativistic wave equation which appears in the theory of relativistic
quark-antiquark bound states is used. This equation is cast into a constituent
second order Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation with the inclusion of relativistic
corrections up to order $(v/c)^{2}$ in the quark speeds. The resulting equation
is solved for Dick potential via the Shifted-$l$ expansion technique (SLET).
The obtained results show that the spin-averaged energy levels of heavy-mesons
are well explained and agree with other potential models or QCD sum rules
predictions. Moreover, as a by-product, our analysis assign to the dilaton a
mass around 56.9 MeV lying within the range of many theoretical scenario of
dilatonic mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124071 </DOCNO>
Radio Pulses from Cosmic Ray Air Showers


  The first experiment in which radio emission was detected from high energy
particles is described. An array of dipoles was operated by a team of British
and Irish physicists in 1964-5 at the Jodrell Bank Radio Observatory in
conjunction with a simple air shower trigger. The array operated at 44 MHz with
2.75 MHz bandwidth. Out of 4,500 triggers a clear bandwidth-limited radio pulse
was seen in 11 events. This corresponded to a cosmic ray trigger threshold of
5x10^16 eV and was of intensity close to that predicted. The early experiments
which followed this discovery and their interpretation is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 783 </DOCNO>
Effective interactions in the stripe state of the two-dimensional


  We investigate the structure of the pairing potential in the stripe phase of
the two-dimensional Hubbard model. Based on the random phase approximation we
discuss in detail the interactions in the charge- and spin channel and compare
our calculations with related considerations in commensurate antiferromagnets.
Our main finding is that due to the incommensurate charge-density wave
formation the exchange of collective modes in the charge channel is
significantly enhanced with respect to the spin bag approach whereas due to the
inhomogeneous charge distribution the coupling to transverse spin fluctuations
tends to be suppressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83687 </DOCNO>
Organizing Encyclopedic Knowledge based on the Web and its Application


  We propose a method to generate large-scale encyclopedic knowledge, which is
valuable for much NLP research, based on the Web. We first search the Web for
pages containing a term in question. Then we use linguistic patterns and HTML
structures to extract text fragments describing the term. Finally, we organize
extracted term descriptions based on word senses and domains. In addition, we
apply an automatically generated encyclopedia to a question answering system
targeting the Japanese Information-Technology Engineers Examination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97632 </DOCNO>
A counterexample to the uniqueness result of Cox and Thompson


  A counterexample is given to the uniqueness result given in the paper by
J.Cox and K.Thompson, "Note on the uniqueness of the solution of an equation of
interest in inverse scattering problem", J. Math.Phys., 11, N3, (1970),
815-817.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128369 </DOCNO>
Abbott Wave-Triggered Runaway in Line-Driven Winds from Stars and


  Line-driven winds from stars and accretion disks are accelerated by
scattering in numerous line transitions. The wind is believed to adopt a unique
critical solution, out of the infinite variety of shallow and steep solutions.
We study the inherent dynamics of the transition towards the critical wind. A
new runaway wind mechanism is analyzed in terms of radiative-acoustic (Abbott)
waves which are responsible for shaping the wind velocity law and fixing the
mass loss. Three different flow types result, depending on the location of
perturbations. First, if the shallow solution is perturbed sufficiently far
downstream, a single critical point forms in the flow, which is a barrier for
Abbott waves, and the solution tends to the critical one. Second, if the
shallow solution is perturbed upstream from this critical point, mass
overloading results, and the critical point is shifted inwards. This wind
exhibits a broad, stationary region of decelerating flow and its velocity law
has kinks. Third, for perturbations even further upstream, the overloaded wind
becomes time-dependent, and develops shocks and dense shells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 652 </DOCNO>
Liquid-Solid Phase Transition and the Change of the Frictional Force of


  Liquid-solid phase transition and the change of the frictional force of a
system with two hard spheres in a two-dimensional rectangular box are
discussed. Under controlling the pressure or the supply of energy from the
wall, the solid like state, the solid-liquid temporal coexistence state, and
the liquid like state are alternatively observed. The frictional force which
works on particles and the mobility of the system are measured under the supply
of the energy with an asymmetric external force. Characters of frictional
forces for the 0 mobility state and that for the large mobility state are
obtained like, respectively, that of the static and the dynamic frictions of
solid-on-solid system. The strong temperature dependency is also observed in
the profile of the relation between the above frictional force and the
mobility. From above results, the relation between the friction and the
velocity of a plate on granular layers which includes the hysteresis loop
[S.Nasuno et al.,Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 79} (1997) 949 et. al.] is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127443 </DOCNO>
Energy Distribution of Micro-events in the Quiet Solar Corona


  Recent imaging observations of EUV line emissions have shown evidence for
frequent flare-like events in a majority of the pixels in quiet regions of the
solar corona. The changes in coronal emission measure indicate impulsive
heating of new material to coronal temperatures. These heating or evaporation
events are candidate signatures of "nanoflares" or "microflares" proposed to
interpret the high temperature and the very existence of the corona. The energy
distribution of these micro-events reported in the literature differ widely,
and so do the estimates of their total energy input into the corona. Here we
analyze the assumptions of the different methods, compare them by using the
same data set and discuss their results.
  We also estimate the different forms of energy input and output, keeping in
mind that the observed brightenings are most likely secondary phenomena. A
rough estimate of the energy input observed by EIT on the SoHO satellite is of
the order of 10% of the total radiative output in the same region. It is
considerably smaller for the two reported TRACE observations. The discrepancy
can be explained partially by different thresholds for flare detection. There
is agreement on the slope and the absolute value of the distribution if the
same method were used and a numerical error corrected. The extrapolation of the
power law to unobserved energies that are many orders of magnitude smaller
remains questionable. Nevertheless, these micro-events and unresolved smaller
events are currently the best source of information on the heating process of
the corona.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174747 </DOCNO>
Two-kaon correlations in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c


  Two-particle interferometry of positive kaons is studied in Pb + Pb
collisions at mean transverse momenta $<p_{T}>\approx 0.25$ and 0.91 GeV/c. A
three-dimensional analysis was applied to the lower $p_T$ data, while a
two-dimensional analysis was used for the higher $p_T$ data. We find that the
source size parameters are consistent with the $m_T$ scaling curve observed in
pion correlation measurements in the same collisions, and that the duration
time of kaon emission is consistent with zero within the experimental
sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126220 </DOCNO>
Tidal truncation of gas replenishment and global suppression of galactic


  Recent spectroscopic observations of galaxies in distant clusters have
revealed that the rate of star formation in star-forming galaxies is
significantly suppressed with respect to their counterparts in the field at a
similar redshift. It is, however, highly uncertain which physical processes are
responsible for this suppression. We present the results of a numerical
investigation of how the global tidal field of a cluster dynamically influences
the reservoir of halo gas surrounding a disk galaxy as it falls into the
cluster from the surrounding field. We find that the tidal field of the cluster
efficiently removes the halo gas from the galaxy, thereby halting its accretion
onto the disk, and thus the fueling of star formation within. This effectively
truncates the galaxy's star formation. We also find that this tidal truncation
does not depend very strongly on the orbit of the disk with respect to the
center of the cluster.
 These results suggest that the global tidal field of clusters is capable of
causing a widespread and uniform suppression of star formation in galaxies
accreted by the cluster. In light of these results, we discuss the importance
of this tidal truncation of the gas supply in the formation of S0 galaxies in
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76912 </DOCNO>
Coherent Radio Pulses From GEANT Generated Electromagnetic Showers In


  Radio Cherenkov radiation is arguably the most efficient mechanism for
detecting showers from ultra-high energy particles of 1 PeV and above. Showers
occuring in Antarctic ice should be detectable at distances up to 1 km. We
report on electromagnetic shower development in ice using a GEANT Monte Carlo
simulation. We have studied energy deposition by shower particles and
determined shower parameters for several different media, finding agreement
with published results where available. We also report on radio pulse emission
from the charged particles in the shower, focusing on coherent emission at the
Cherenkov angle. Previous work has focused on frequencies in the 100 MHz to 1
GHz range. Surprisingly, we find that the coherence regime extends up to tens
of Ghz. This may have substantial impact on future radio-based neutrino
detection experiments as well as any test beam experiment which seeks to
measure coherent Cherenkov radiation from an electromagnetic shower. Our study
is particularly important for the RICE experiment at the South Pole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168866 </DOCNO>
Towards a quantum Hall effect for atoms using electric fields


  An atomic analogue of Landau quantization based on the Aharonov-Casher (AC)
interaction is developed. The effect provides a first step towards an atomic
quantum Hall system using electric fields, which may be realized in a
Bose-Einstein condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41323 </DOCNO>
Search for the Decay $\Upsilon(1S)\to \gamma\eta^{'}$


  We report on a search for the radiative decay U(1S) -> gamma + eta' in 61.3
pb^-1 of data taken with the CLEO II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage
Ring. Three decay chains were investigated, all involving eta' -> pi+ pi- +
eta, followed by eta -> gamma + gamma, eta -> pi0 + pi0 + pi0, or eta -> pi+ +
pi- + pi0. We find no candidate events in any of the three cases and set a
combined upper limit of 1.6 x 10^-5 at 90% C.L., significantly smaller than the
previous limit. We compare our result to other radiative U(1S) decays, to
radiative J/psi decays, and to theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72977 </DOCNO>
Polarization tensors in a strong magnetic field


  The vacuum polarization tensor in strong external magnetic fields has been
evaluated numerically for various strengths of magnetic fields and momenta of
photons under the threshold of the $e^{\pm}$ pair creation. The fitting formula
has been obtained which reproduces the calculated results within 10 % of error.
The proper time method is employed further to obtain the retarded polarization
tensor for finite temperature plasmas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148589 </DOCNO>
Localized Gravity and Large Hierarchy from String Theory ?


  Within a $D$-dimensional superstring spacetime, we construct a
non-supersymmetric brane-world with localized gravity and large hierarchy
between the scale in the bulk, $M_D$, and the scale on the brane, $M_{D-2}$.
The localization of gravity and the large hierarchy are both guaranteed by the
presence of non-trivial stringy moduli, such as the axion-dilaton system for
the Type-IIB string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3608 </DOCNO>
Vortex structure in chiral p-wave superconductors


  We investigate the vortex structure in chiral p-wave superconductors by the
Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory on a tight-binding model. We calculate the spatial
structure of the pair potential and electronic state around a vortex, including
the anisotropy of the Fermi surface and superconducting gap structure. The
differences of the vortex structure between $\sin p_x + {\rm i} \sin p_y$-wave
and $ \sin p_x - {\rm i} \sin p_y$-wave superconductors are clarified in the
vortex lattice state. We also discuss the winding $\mp 3$ case of the
$\sin{(p_x+p_y)} \pm {\rm i} \sin{(-p_x+p_y)}$-wave superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169128 </DOCNO>
Thermal and quantum noise in active systems


  We present a quantum network approach to the treatment of thermal and quantum
fluctuations in measurement devices. The measurement is described as a
scattering process of input fluctuations towards output ones. We present the
results obtained with this method for the treatment of a cold damped capacitive
accelerometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83833 </DOCNO>
PUC Autonomy and Policy Innovation: Local Telephone Competition in


  In the pre-divestiture era, the regulatory environment in the U.S. was fairly
uniform and harmonious with the FCC setting the course and the accommodative
state PUCs making corresponding changes in their own policies. The divestiture
fractured this monolithic system as it forced the PUCs to respond to new forces
unleashed in their own backyards. Soon there was great diversity in the overall
regulatory landscape. Within this new environment, there is considerable
disparity among the PUCs in terms of their ability to implement new ideas. This
paper seeks to understand the structural factors that influence the latitude of
regulatory action by PUCs via a comparative study of local telephone
competition policy making in Arkansas and New York. The analysis suggests that
the presence or absence of countervailing forces determines the relative
autonomy the PUCs enjoy and thereby their ability to introduce new ideas into
their states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150137 </DOCNO>
Two loop MSbar renormalization of the Curci-Ferrari model


  We renormalize the Curci-Ferrari model at two loops in the MSbar scheme in an
arbitrary covariant gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128381 </DOCNO>
The Luminosity Function of the Host Galaxies of QSOs and BL Lac Objects


  A clear insight of the galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei is of
fundamental importance for understanding the processes of galaxies and nuclei
formation and their cosmic evolution. A good characterization of the host
galaxies properties requires images of excellent quality in order to
disentangle the light of the galaxy from that of the bright nucleus. To this
aim HST has provided a major improvement of data on QSOs (Disney et al. 1995;
Bahcall et al. 1996, 1997; Boyce et al. 1998; McLure et al. 1999; Hamilton et
al. 2000; Kukula et al. 2001) and BL Lacs (Scarpa et al. 2000, Urry et al.
2000). We present a comparative study of low redshift QSO and BL Lac host
galaxy luminosity function (HGLF). To this aim we have considered samples of BL
Lacs (Urry et al. 2000) and QSOs (Bahcall et al. 1997; Boyce et al. 1998;
McLure et al. 1999) that have been well resolved by images obtained with WFPC2
on board of HST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179680 </DOCNO>
Critical Tsallis exponent in heavy ion reaction


  The numerical solution of the nonlocal kinetic equation allows to simulate
heavy ion reactions around Fermi energy. The expansion velocity and density
profile show specific radial dependence which can be described with a Tsallis
exponent of $q=5/3$. This might be considered as an indication of a phase
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3280 </DOCNO>
Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature of MgB2 on


  The dependence of Tc on nearly hydrostatic pressure has been measured for an
isotopically pure (11B) MgB2 sample in a helium-loaded diamond-anvil-cell to
nearly 20 GPa. Tc decreases monotonically with pressure from 39.1 K at ambient
pressure to 20.9 K at 19.2 GPa. The initial dependence is the same as that
obtained earlier (dTc/dP = -1.11(2) K/GPa) on the same sample in a He-gas
apparatus to 0.7 GPa. The observed pressure dependence Tc(P) to 20 GPa can be
readily described in terms of simple lattice stiffening within standard
phonon-mediated BCS superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2037 </DOCNO>
A contiuum model for low temperature relaxation of crystal steps


  High and low temperature relaxation of crystal steps are described in a
unified picture, using a continuum model based on a modified expression of the
step free energy. Results are in agreement with experiments and Monte Carlo
simulations of step fluctuations and monolayer cluster diffusion and
relaxation. In an extended model where mass exchange with neighboring terraces
is allowed, step transparency and a low temperature regime for unstable step
meandering are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128740 </DOCNO>
Implications of the HST/FGS parallax of SS Cygni on the disc instability


  We analyse the consequences of the recently measured parallax of SS Cygni
(Harrison et al. 1999) on the accretion disc limit cycle model. Using the
observed long term light curve of SS Cyg and d=166 pc, we obtain for the mean
mass transfer rate 4.2*10^(17)g/s. In addition, we calculate the vertical
structure of the accretion disc taking into account heating of the outer disc
by the stream impact. Comparing the mean accretion rate derived from the
observations with the calculated critical mass transfer rate, we find that the
disc instability model disagrees with the observed long term light curve of SS
Cyg as the mean mass transfer rate is greater or similar to the critical mass
transfer rate. The failure of the model indicated by this result can be
confirmed by considering that the accretion rate at the onset of the decline
should be exactly equal to the value critical for stability. In contrast to
this prediction of the model, we find that the accretion rate required to
explain the observed visual magnitude at the onset of the decline must be
significantly higher than the critical mass transfer rate. Our results strongly
suggest that either the usually assumed temperature dependence of the viscosity
parameter alpha is not a realistic description of the disc viscosity, that the
mass transfer rate in SS Cyg noticeably increases during the outbursts or,
finally, that the HST distance of 166 pc, is too high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3579 </DOCNO>
Optical properties of a Quantum-Dot Cascade Structure


  We report on our theoretical studies of the luminescence spectra of a quantum
cascade laser where the quantum wells in the active regions are replaced by
parabolic quantum dots. We analyze the influence of shape and size of the dots
on the luminescence spectra. The emission spectra have interaction induced
blueshift which increases almost linearly with increasing electron number. The
blueshift is smaller for larger and non-circular dots. For large dots, shape of
the emission line has weak dependence on the shape of quantum dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4444 </DOCNO>
Mott-insulator transition in Ca(2-x)Sr(x)RuO4: A study of the electronic


  The electronic structures of the metallic and insulating phases of the alloy
series Ca(2-x)Sr(x)RuO4 (0 <= x <= 2) are calculated using LDA, LDA+U and
Dynamical Mean-Field Approximation methods. In the end members the groundstate
respectively is an orbitally non-degenerate antiferromagnetic insulator (x=0)
and a good metal (x=2). For x>0.5 the observed Curie-Weiss paramagnetic
metallic state which possesses a local moment with the unexpected spin S=1/2,
is explained by the coexistence of localized and itinerant Ru-4d-orbitals. For
0.2<x<0.5 we propose a state with partial orbital and spin ordering. An
effective model for the localized orbital and spin degrees of freedom is
discussed. The metal-insulator transition at x=0.2 is attributed to a switch in
the orbital occupation associated with a structural change of the crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169543 </DOCNO>
Experimental Realization of Br\"{u}schweiler's exponentially fast search


  Searching marked items from an unsorted database is a very important problem
and has many practical applications. In a classical computer, this is done by
exhaustive search and requires O(N) steps. In a quantum computer, Grover's
quantum search algorithm achieves quadratic speedup over classical algorithms.
The Bruschweiler algorithm combines the ideas of DNA computing with that of
quantum computing. It achieves an exponential speedup. In this paper, we report
the experimental realization of the algorithm in a 3 qubit NMR ensemble system.
The pulse sequences are given for the algorithms. In particular, we have
modified the measurement part of Bruschweiler's original paper. Instead of
measuring quantitatively the spin projection of the aucilla bit, we measure the
shape of the aucilla bit. By just looking at the downwardness or upwardness of
the corresponding peaks in the aucilla bit spectrum, we can read out the bit
value of the marked state. The geometric nature of this read-out makes the
algorithm robust against errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 115 </DOCNO>
Critical dynamics of a spin-5/2 2D isotropic antiferromagnet


  We report a neutron scattering study of the dynamic spin correlations in
Rb$_2$MnF$_4$, a two-dimensional spin-5/2 antiferromagnet. By tuning an
external magnetic field to the value for the spin-flop line, we reduce the
effective spin anisotropy to essentially zero, thereby obtaining a nearly ideal
two-dimensional isotropic antiferromagnet. From the shape of the quasielastic
peak as a function of temperature, we demonstrate dynamic scaling for this
system and find a value for the dynamical exponent $z$. We compare these
results to theoretical predictions for the dynamic behavior of the
two-dimensional Heisenberg model, in which deviations from $z=1$ provide a
measure of the corrections to scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2757 </DOCNO>
Generalized Statistics and High Tc Superconductivity


  Introducing the generalized, non-extensive statistics proposed by
Tsallis[1988], into the standard s-wave pairing BCS theory of superconductivity
in 2D yields a reasonable description of many of the main properties of high
temperature superconductors, provided some allowance is made for non-phonon
mediated interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4322 </DOCNO>
Manipulation of photon statistics of highly degenerate chaotic radiation


  Highly degenerate chaotic radiation has a Gaussian density matrix and a large
occupation number of modes $f $. If it is passed through a weakly transmitting
barrier, its counting statistics is close to Poissonian. We show that a second
identical barrier, in series with the first, drastically modifies the
statistics. The variance of the photocount is increased above the mean by a
factor $f$ times a numerical coefficient. The photocount distribution reaches a
limiting form with a Gaussian body and highly asymmetric tails. These are
general consequences of the combination of weak transmission and multiple
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168237 </DOCNO>
The Meaning of the Interaction-Free Measurements


  Interaction-free measurements introduced by Elitzur and Vaidman [Found. Phys.
23, 987 (1993)] allow finding infinitely fragile objects without destroying
them. Many experiments have been successfully performed showing that indeed,
the original scheme and its modifications lead to reduction of the disturbance
of the observed systems. However, there is a controversy about the validity of
the term ``interaction-free'' for these experiments. Broad variety of such
experiments are reviewed and the meaning of the interaction-free measurements
is clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127719 </DOCNO>
Advanced Exposure-Time Calculations


  The familiar tools of Fourier analysis and Fisher matrices are applied to
derive the uncertainties on photometric, astrometric, and weak-lensing
measurements of stars and galaxies in real astronomical images. Many effects or
functions that are ignored in basic exposure-time calculators can be included
in this framework: pixels of size comparable to the stellar image; undersampled
and dithered exposures; cosmic-ray hits; intrapixel sensitivity variations;
positional and ellipticity errors as well as photometric errors. I present a
formalism and a C++ implementation of these methods. As examples of their use,
I answer some commonly arising questions about imaging strategies: What amount
of dithering is ideal? What pixel size optimizes the productivity of a camera?
Which is more efficient---space-based or ground-based observing?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169134 </DOCNO>
Parrondo games as lattice gas automata


  Parrondo games are coin flipping games with the surprising property that
alternating plays of two losing games can produce a winning game. We show that
this phenomenon can be modelled by probabilistic lattice gas automata.
Furthermore, motivated by the recent introduction of quantum coin flipping
games, we show that quantum lattice gas automata provide an interesting
definition for quantum Parrondo games.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114241 </DOCNO>
The tunnel effect in electromagnetic propagation


  The tunnel effect is considered here within the framework of electromagnetic
propagation. The classical problem of a plane gap of dielectric, surrounded on
both sides by a medium with larger refraction index, is studied in the case in
which an electromagnetic plane wave impinges into the gap with an incidence
angle larger than the critical angle. In this condition (total reflection), the
gap acts as a classically forbidden region and behaves like a tunnel. The field
inside the forbidden gap consists of two evanescent waves, each one having its
wavefronts normal to the interface. In the present paper we study the total
field derived as a superposition of two such evanescent waves, its wavefronts,
and the directions of propagation of both phase and energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127566 </DOCNO>
Water Maser Emission from the Active Nucleus in M51


  22 GHz water vapor `kilomaser' emission is reported from the central region
of the Whirlpool galaxy M 51 (NGC 5194). The red-shifted spectral features
(Vlsr ~ 560 km/s), flaring during most of the year 2000, originate from a
spatially unresolved maser spot of size < 30 mas (< 1.5 pc), displaced by < 250
mas from the nucleus. The data provide the first direct evidence for the
association of an H2O kilomaser with an active galactic nucleus (AGN). In early
2001, blue-shifted maser emission (Vlsr ~ 435 km/s) was also detected. Red- and
blue-shifted features bracket the systemic velocity asymmetrically. Within the
standard model of a rotating Keplerian torus, this may either suggest the
presence of a highly eccentric circumnuclear cloud or red- and blue-shifted
`high velocity' emission from a radially extended torus. Most consistent with
the measured H2O position is, however, an association of the red-shifted H2O
emission with the northern part of the bipolar radio jet. In this scenario, the
(weaker) northern jet is receding while the blue-shifted H2O emission is
associated with the approaching southern jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81153 </DOCNO>
Another determination of the quark condensate from an overlap action


  I use the technique of Hernandez, et al (hep-lat/0106011) to convert a recent
calculation of the lattice-regulated quark condensate from an overlap action to
a continuum-regulated number. I find Sigma(MSbar)(mu = 2 GeV) = (282(6)
MeV)-cubed times (a-inverse/1766 MeV)-cubed from a calculation with the Wilson
gauge action at beta=5.9.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97797 </DOCNO>
Homoclinic classes for generic C^1 vector fields


  We prove that homoclinic classes for a residual set of C^1 vector fields X on
closed n-manifolds are maximal transitive and depend continuously on periodic
orbit data. In addition, X does not exhibit cycles formed by homoclinic
classes. We also prove that a homoclinic class of X is isolated if and only if
it is Omega-isolated, and that it is the intersection of its stable set and its
unstable set. All these properties are well known for structurally stable Axiom
A vector fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 828 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium sizes of jellium metal clusters in the stabilized


  We have used the stabilized spin-polarized jellium model to calculate the
equilibrium sizes of metal clusters. Our self-consistent calculations in the
local spin-density approximation show that for an $N$-electron cluster, the
equilibrium is achieved for a configuration in which the difference in the
numbers of up-spin and down-spin electrons is zero or unity, depending on the
total number of electrons. That is, a configuration in which the spins are
maximally compensated. This maximum spin-compensation results in both the
alternation in the average distance between the nearest neighbor ions and the
odd-even alternations in the ionization energies of alkali metal clusters, in a
good agreement with the molecular dynamics findings and the experiment. These
suggest a realistic and more accurate method for calculating the properties of
metal clusters in the context of jellium model than previous jellium model
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4962 </DOCNO>
Force Chains, Microelasticity and Macroelasticity


  It has been claimed that quasistatic granular materials, as well as nanoscale
materials, exhibit departures from elasticity even at small loadings. It is
demonstrated, using 2D and 3D models with interparticle harmonic interactions,
that such departures are expected at small scales [below O(100) particle
diameters], at which continuum elasticity is invalid, and vanish at large
scales. The models exhibit force chains on small scales, and force and stress
distributions which agree with experimental findings. Effects of anisotropy,
disorder and boundary conditions are discussed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1298 </DOCNO>
On the relevance of percolation theory to the vulcanization transition


  The relationship between vulcanization and percolation is explored from the
perspective of renormalized local field theory. We show rigorously that the
vulcanization and percolation correlation functions are governed by the same
Gell--Mann-Low renormalization group equation. Hence, all scaling aspects of
the vulcanization transition are reigned by the critical exponents of the
percolation universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4832 </DOCNO>
A new solution of the complex action problem and the dynamical


  Monte Carlo simulations of the IIB matrix model, which is conjectured to be a
nonperturbative definition of type IIB superstring theory in ten dimensions,
are difficult due to a technical problem known as the complex action problem,
which occurs also in many other interesting systems. We propose a new method to
circumvent this problem, and apply it to the 6D version of the IIB matrix
model. Our preliminary results clearly show that the phase of the fermion
integral plays a crucial role in the possible dominance of four-dimensional
configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148024 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Horizon in Superstring Inspired D-Dimensional Dilaton Gravity


  In $D$-dimensional dilaton gravitational model stationary Schwarzschild type
solutions (centrally symmetrical solutions in vacuum) are obtained. They
contain the two-parameter set of solutions: the first parameter is proportional
to a central mass and the second one describes intensity of the dilaton field.
If the latter parameter equals zero we have pure Schwarzschild solution with
the black hole and constant dilaton field. But when the mentioned parameter is
non-zero and the dilaton is non-constant, the black hole horizon vanishes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168209 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cloning Machines of a d-level System


  The optimal N to M ($M>N$) quantum cloning machines for the d-level system
are presented. The unitary cloning transformations achieve the bound of the
fidelity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5641 </DOCNO>
Electric field induced by magnetic flux motion in superconductor


  The influence of the fractal clusters of a normal phase, which act as pinning
centers, on the dynamics of magnetic flux in percolative type-II superconductor
is considered. The voltage-current characteristics of such a superconductor are
obtained taking into account the effect of fractal properties of cluster
boundaries on the magnetic flux trapping. It is revealed that the fractality
reduces the electric field arising from magnetic flux motion and thereby raises
the critical current of a superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40790 </DOCNO>
Combining the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment with other Constraints on


  We combine the constraint suggested by the recent BNL E821 measurement of the
anomalous magnetic moment of the muon on the parameter space of the constrained
MSSM (CMSSM) with those provided previously by LEP, the measured rate of b to s
gamma decay and the cosmological relic density Omega-hsquared. Our treatment of
Omega-hsquared includes carefully the direct-channel Higgs poles in
annihilation of pairs of neutralinos chi and a complete analysis of chi -
slepton coannihilation. We find excellent consistency between all the
constraints for tan beta > 10 and mu > 0, for restricted ranges of the CMSSM
parameters m_0 and m_1/2. All the preferred CMSSM parameter space is within
reach of the LHC, but may not be accessible to the Tevatron collider, or to a
first-generation e^+ e^- linear collider with centre-of-mass energy below 1.2
TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124116 </DOCNO>
On the estimation of galaxy structural parameters: the Sersic Model


  This paper addresses some questions which have arisen from the use of the
S\'ersic r^{1/n} law in modelling the luminosity profiles of early type
galaxies. The first issue deals with the trend between the half-light radius
and the structural parameter n. We show that the correlation between these two
parameters is not only real, but is a natural consequence from the previous
relations found to exist between the model-independent parameters: total
luminosity, effective radius and effective surface brightness. We also define a
new galaxy concentration index which is largely independent of the image
exposure depth, and monotonically related with n. The second question concerns
the curious coincidence between the form of the Fundamental Plane and the
coupling between <I>_e and r_e when modelling a light profile. We explain,
through a mathematical analysis of the S\'ersic law, why the quantity
r_e<I>_e^{0.7} appears almost constant for an individual galaxy, regardless of
the value of n (over a large range) adopted in the fit to the light profile.
Consequently, Fundamental Planes of the form r_e<I>_e^{0.7} propto sigma_0^x
(for any x, and where sigma_0 is the central galaxy velocity dispersion) are
insensitive to galaxy structure. Finally, we address the problematic issue of
the use of model-dependent galaxy light profile parameters versus
model-independent quantities for the half-light radii, mean surface brightness
and total galaxy magnitude. The former implicitly assume that the light profile
model can be extrapolated to infinity, while the latter quantities, in general,
are derived from a signal-to-noise truncated profile. We quantify
(mathematically) how these parameters change as one reduces the outer radius of
an r^{1/n} profile, and reveal how these can vary substantially when n>4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125679 </DOCNO>
When the Hubble Sequence Appeared ?: Morphology, Color, and


  Using the HST WFPC2/NICMOS archival data of the Hubble Deep Field North, we
construct the nearly complete sample of the Mv <-20 (~L*+1) galaxies to z=2,
and investigate when the Hubble sequence appeared, namely, the evolution of the
morphology, colors, and the comoving number density of the sample. Even if
taking into account of the uncertainty of the photometric redshift technique,
the number density of relatively bright bulge-dominated galaxies in the HDF-N
decrease significantly at z>1, and their rest-frame U-V color distribution is
wide-spread over 0.5<z<2. On the other hand, while the number density of both
disk-dominated and irregular galaxies does not show significant change at z<2,
their distribution of the rest-frame U-V color alters at z~1.5: there is no
relatively red (rest U-V>0.3) galaxies at z>1.5, while the significant fraction
of these red disk-dominated or irregular galaxies exists at z<1.5. These
results suggest that the significant evolution of the Hubble sequence which is
seen in the present Universe occurs at 1<z<2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179059 </DOCNO>
The u-d quark mass difference and nuclear charge symmetry breaking


  The group theoretical analysis of the Coleman-Glashow tadpole picture of
"meson-mixing" is quantitatively reproduced by the u-d constituent quark mass
difference in quantum loop calculations of the self-energies of mesons. This
demonstration that the Coleman-Glashow scales can be directly calculated from
the constituent $u - d$ quark mass difference finishes the link between charge
symmetry breaking in low energy nuclear physics and the $u - d$ quark mass
difference in particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83963 </DOCNO>
A Symmetric Strategy in Graph Avoidance Games


  In the graph avoidance game two players alternatingly color edges of a graph
G in red and in blue respectively. The player who first creates a monochromatic
subgraph isomorphic to a forbidden graph F loses. A symmetric strategy of the
second player ensures that, independently of the first player's strategy, the
blue and the red subgraph are isomorphic after every round of the game. We
address the class of those graphs G that admit a symmetric strategy for all F
and discuss relevant graph-theoretic and complexity issues. We also show
examples when, though a symmetric strategy on G generally does not exist, it is
still available for a particular F.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126613 </DOCNO>
Photoionization Models for BALQSO PG 0946+301


  This is a companion paper to the manuscript entitled: ``HST STIS Observations
Of PG 0946+301: The Highest Quality UV Spectrum of a BALQSO'' (Arav et al.
2001; accepted for publication in ApJ). Here we present
photoionization-modeling results for ALL the ionic column density constraints
found in these data, most of which we were unable to include in the printed
version of the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98835 </DOCNO>
On Effective Conductivity on ${\mathbb Z}^d$ Lattice


  %auto-ignore This paper has been withdrawn by the author(s).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124777 </DOCNO>
The Optical/Infrared Astronomical Quality of High Atacama Sites. II.


  We discuss properties of the atmospheric water vapor above the high Andean
plateau region known as the Llano de Chajnantor, in the Atacama Desert of
northern Chile. A combination of radiometric and radiosonde measurements
indicate that the median column of precipitable water vapor (PWV) above the
plateau at an elevation of 5000 m is approximately 1.2 mm. The exponential
scaleheight of the water vapor density in the median Chajnantor atmosphere is
1.13 km; the median PWV is 0.5 mm above an elevation of 5750 m. Both of these
numbers appear to be lower at night. Annual, diurnal and other dependences of
PWV and its scaleheight are discussed, as well as the occurrence of temperature
inversion layers below the elevation of peaks surrounding the plateau. We
estimate the background for infrared observations and sensitivities for broad
band and high resolution spectroscopy. The results suggest that exceptional
atmospheric conditions are present in the region, yielding high infrared
transparency and high sensitivity for future ground-based infrared telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127170 </DOCNO>
Concentrations of Dark Halos from their Assembly Histories


  (abridged) We study the relation between the density profiles of dark matter
halos and their mass assembly histories, using a statistical sample of halos in
a high-resolution N-body simulation of the LCDM cosmology. For each halo at
z=0, we identify its merger-history tree, and determine concentration
parameters c_vir for all progenitors, thus providing a structural merger tree
for each halo. We fit the mass accretion histories by a universal function with
one parameter, the formation epoch a_c, defined when the log mass accretion
rate dlogM/dloga falls below a critical value S. We find that late forming
galaxies tend to be less concentrated, such that c_vir ``observed'' at any
epoch a_o is strongly correlated with a_c via c_vir=c_1*a_o/a_c. Scatter about
this relation is mostly due to measurement errors in c_v and a_c, implying that
the actual spread in c_vir for halos of a given mass can be mostly attributed
to scatter in a_c. We demonstrate that this relation can also be used to
predict the mass and redshift dependence of c_v, and the scatter about the
median c_vir(M,z), using accretion histories derived from the Extended
Press-Schechter (EPS) formalism, after adjusting for a constant offset between
the formation times as predicted by EPS and as measured in the simulations;this
new ingredient can thus be easily incorporated into semi-analytic models of
galaxy formation. The correlation found between halo concentration and mass
accretion rate suggests a physical interpretation: for high mass infall rates
the central density is related to the background density; when the mass infall
rate slows, the central density stays approximately constant and the halo
concentration just grows as R_vir. The tight correlation demonstrated here
provides an essential new ingredient for galaxy formation modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148074 </DOCNO>
Soliton Equations Extracted from the Noncommutative Zero-Curvature


  We investigate the equation where the commutation relation in 2-dimensional
zero-curvature equation composed of the algebra-valued potentials is replaced
by the Moyal bracket and the algebra-valued potentials are replaced by the
non-algebra-valued ones with two more new variables. We call the 4-dimensional
equation the noncommutative zero-curvature equation. We show that various
soliton equations are derived by the dimensional reduction of the equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127085 </DOCNO>
High-Redshift Superwinds as the Source of the Strongest Mg II Absorbers:


  We present HIRES/Keck profiles of four extremely strong (W_r > 1.8 A) Mg II
absorbers at 1 < z < 2. The profiles display a common kinematic structure,
having a sharp drop in optical depth near the center of the profile and strong,
black-bottomed absorption on either side. This ``symmetric-inverted''
structure, with a velocity spread of several hundred kilometers per second, is
suggestive of superwinds arising in actively star-forming galaxies.
Low-ionization absorption of similar strength has been observed in local
star-forming galaxies.
  The Mg II absorbers with W_r > 1.8 A evolve away from z = 2 to the present.
We propose that a substantial fraction of these very strong absorbers are due
to superwinds and that their evolution is related to the redshift evolution of
star-forming galaxies. Based on the observed redshift number density of W_r >
1.8 A Mg II absorbers at 1 < z < 2, we explore whether it is realistic that
superwinds from starbursting galaxies could give rise to these absorbers.
Finally, we do an analysis of the superwind connection to damped Lya absorbers
(DLAs). DLAs and superwinds evolve differently and usually have different
kinematic structure, indicating that superwinds probably do not give rise to
the majority of DLAs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40778 </DOCNO>
Implications of a 300-500 GeV/c^2 Z' boson on p\bar{p} collider data at


  Recent analyses of precision low energy electroweak data indicate that the
deviation from the Standard Model predictions of the measurement of atomic
parity violation (2.3\sigma), the effective number of massless neutrinos
(2\sigma), and A_b (2.7\sigma) could be better described if the existence of an
extra Z' neutral gauge boson is assumed. We investigate the implications of a
300-500 GeV/c^2 extra Z' on current p\bar{p} collider data at \sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV,
including the forward-backward charge asymmetry for very high mass e^+e^-
pairs, and the invariant mass spectrum of high mass e^+e^-, \mu^+\mu^-, t\bar t
and b\bar b pairs. For example, a 500 GeV/c^2 Z' with a total production cross
section of \approx 3 pb and enhanced coupling to the third generation, better
describes both the low energy and the Tevatron data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73539 </DOCNO>
Weak Decays Of Heavy Mesons In A Covariant Quark Model


  In this paper we investigate weak decays of heavy mesons in the framework of
a covariant quark model, which is based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation in
instantaneous approximation. Apart from a phenomenological confinement
potential, a residual interaction induced by instantons is adopted. Masses and
many decay observables of light mesons have already been described successfully
in this model. An appropiate extension allows a unified description of light
and heavy systems.
  Using a set of parameters which are fixed by the mass spectra, we evaluate
the form factors of semileptonic decays of charmed and bottom mesons. In the
heavy quark limit these can be reduced to the Isgur-Wise function, which is
calculated. Finally the form factors are used to determine the non-leptonic
decay rates of B mesons in the factorization approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128831 </DOCNO>
Chandra observations of RXJ1347.5-1145: the distribution of mass in the


  We present Chandra observations of RXJ1347.5-1145, the most X-ray luminous
cluster of galaxies known. We report the discovery of a region of relatively
hot, bright X-ray emission, located approximately 20 arcsec to the southeast of
the main X-ray peak, at a position consistent with the region of enhanced
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect reported by Komatsu et al. (2001). We suggest that
this region contains shocked gas resulting from a recent subcluster merger
event. Excluding the data for the southeast quadrant, the cluster appears
relatively relaxed. The X-ray gas temperature rises from kT~6 keV within the
central 25 h_50^{-1} kpc radius to a mean value of ~16 keV between 0.1-0.5
h_50^{-1} Mpc. The mass profile for the relaxed regions of the cluster,
determined under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium, can be
parameterized by a Navarro, Frenk & White (1997) model with a scale radius
r_s~0.4 h_50^{-1} Mpc and a concentration parameter c~6. The best-fit Chandra
mass model is in good agreement with independent measurements from weak
gravitational lensing studies. Strong lensing data for the central regions of
the cluster can be also explained by the introduction of an additional mass
clump centred on the second brightest galaxy. We argue that this galaxy is
likely to have been the dominant galaxy of the recently merged subcluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129649 </DOCNO>
A scaling law for interstellar depletions


  An analytical expression is presented that allows gas-to-dust elemental
depletions to be estimated in interstellar environments of different types,
including Damped Ly alpha systems, by scaling an arbitrary depletion pattern
chosen as a reference. As an improvement on previous work, the scaling relation
allows the dust chemical composition to vary and includes a set of parameters
which describe how sensitive the dust composition is to changes in both the
dust-to-metals ratio and the composition of the medium. These parameters can be
estimated empirically from studies of Galactic and extragalactic depletion
patterns. The scaling law is able to fit all the typical depletion patterns of
the Milky Way ISM (cold disk, warm disk, and warm halo) with a single set of
parameters, by only varying the dust-to-metals ratio. The dependence of the
scaling law on the abundances of the medium has been tested using interstellar
observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), for which peculiar depletion
patterns have been reported in literature. The scaling law is able to fit these
depletion patterns assuming that the SMC relative abundances are slightly non
solar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124753 </DOCNO>
Gamma Ray Bursts statistical properties and limitations on the physical


  The present common view about GRB origin is related to cosmology. There are
two evidences in favour of this interpretation. The first is connected with
statistics, the second is based on measurements of the redshifts in the GRB
optical afterglows. Red shifts in optical afterglows had been observed only in
long GRB. Statistical errors, and possibility of galactic origin of short GRB
is discussed; their connection with Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGR) is analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75245 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis


  We outline how relic neutrino asymmetries may be generated in the early
universe via active-sterile neutrino oscillations. We discuss possible
consequences for big bang nucleosynthesis, within the context of a particular
4-neutrino model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87165 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of the Action Method in Gauge Theories


  It is shown that the definition of physical integration measures via
``exponential of minus the action times kinematical integration measure''
typically contradicts properties of physical models. In particular, theories
with uncountably many non-vanishing Wilson-loop expectation values cannot be
gained this way. The results are rigorous within the Ashtekar approach to gauge
field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86118 </DOCNO>
Observables, gauge invariance, and the role of the observers in the


  Some conceptual issues concerning general invariant theories, with special
emphasis on general relativity, are analyzed. The common assertion that
observables must be required to be gauge invariant is examined in the light of
the role played by a system of observers. Some features of the reduction of the
gauge group are discussed, including the fact that in the process of a partial
gauge fixing the reduction at the level of the gauge group and the reduction at
the level of the variational principle do not commute. Distinctions between the
mathematical and the physical concept of gauge symmetry are discussed and
illustrated with examples. The limit from general relativity to special
relativity is considered as an example of a gauge group reduction that is
allowed in some specific physical circumstances. Whether and when the
Poincar\'e group must be considered as a residual gauge group will come out as
a result of our analysis, that applies, in particular, to asymptotically flat
spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3023 </DOCNO>
Positively charged magneto-excitons in a semiconductor quantum well


  A variational calculation of the lower singlet and triplet states of
positively charged excitons (trions) confined to a single quantum well and in
the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field is presented. We study the
dependence of the energy levels and of the binding energy on the well width and
on the magnetic field strength. Our results are compared with the available
experimental data and show a good qualitative and quantitative agreement. A
singlet-triplet crossing is found which for a 200 \AA wide GaAs is predicted to
occur for B = 15 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150038 </DOCNO>
Two-point function reduction of four-point amputated functions and


  Based on a general analysis of Green functions in the real-time thermal field
theory, we have proven that the four-point amputated functions in a NJL model
in the fermion bubble diagram approximation behave like usual two-point
functions. We expound the thermal transformations of the matrix propagator for
a scalar bound state in the $F\bar{F}$ basis and in the RA basis. The
resulting physical causal, advanced and retarded propagator are respectively
identical to corresponding ones derived in the imaginary-time formalism and
this shows once again complete equivalence of the two formalisms of thermal
field theory on the discussed problem in the NJL model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 960 </DOCNO>
Effects of anisotropy on thermal entanglement


  We study the thermal entanglement in the two-qubit anisotropic XXZ model and
the Heisenberg model with Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) interactions. The DM
interaction is another kind of anisotropic antisymmetric exchange interaction.
The effects of these two kinds of anisotropies on the thermal entanglement are
studied in detail for both the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81238 </DOCNO>
Zero-modes of the QED Neuberger Dirac operator


  We consider $4d$ compact lattice QED in the quenched approximation. First, we
briefly summarize the spectrum of the staggered Dirac operator and its
connection with random matrix theory. Afterwards we present results for the
low-lying eigenmodes of the Neuberger overlap-Dirac operator. In the strong
coupling phase we find exact zero-modes. Subsequently we discuss possibly
related topological excitations of the U(1) lattice gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95496 </DOCNO>
Vertex operator algebras and the representation theory of toroidal


  An explicit vertex operator algebra construction is given of a class of
irreducible modules for toroidal Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97175 </DOCNO>
BRST operator for quantum Lie algebras and differential calculus on


  For a Hopf algebra A, we define the structures of differential complexes on
two dual exterior Hopf algebras: 1) an exterior extension of A and 2) an
exterior extension of the dual algebra A^*. The Heisenberg double of these two
exterior Hopf algebras defines the differential algebra for the Cartan
differential calculus on A. The first differential complex is an analog of the
de Rham complex. In the situation when A^* is a universal enveloping of a Lie
(super)algebra the second complex coincides with the standard complex. The
differential is realized as an (anti)commutator with a BRST- operator Q. A
recurrent relation which defines uniquely the operator Q is given. The BRST and
anti-BRST operators are constructed explicitly and the Hodge decomposition
theorem is formulated for the case of the quantum Lie algebra U_q(gl(N)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 991 </DOCNO>
Equivalence of TBA and QTM


  The traditional thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) equations for the XXZ model
at $|\Delta|\ge 1$ are derived within the quantum transfer matrix (QTM) method.
This provides further evidence of the equivalence of both methods. Most
importantly, we derive an integral equation for the free energy formulated for
just one unknown function. This integral equation is different in physical and
mathematical aspects from the established ones. The single integral equation is
analytically continued to the regime $|\Delta|<1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96395 </DOCNO>
Generators and relations for Schur algebras


  We obtain a presentation of Schur algebras (and q-Schur algebras) by
generators and relations which is compatible with the usual presentation of the
enveloping algebra (quantized enveloping algebra) corresponding to the Lie
algebra gl(n) of n x n matrices. We also find several new bases of Schur
algebras and their corresponding integral forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124229 </DOCNO>
New Light on the Baryon Fraction in Galaxy Clusters


  Baryon fraction in clusters, combined with constraints from primordial
nucleosynthesis is currently used to provide a robust upper limit on the
cosmological density parameter $\Omega_0$. Current analyses lead to gas
fractions at virial radius which are typically of the order of
0.20$h^{-3/2}_{50}$, favoring a low density universe. In this work, we examine
critically this issue through the analysis of the baryon distribution in
clusters. We find that the currently derived gas fraction profile, increases
regularly from the inner part to the outer part, up to the virial radius, and
beyond. Such a shape contrasts with what is expected from numerical
hydro-dynamical simulations, in which the gas fraction is more or less constant
in the outer region, reaching a plateau when the contrast density falls off
below $10^4$. We argue that such a difference is hardly explained by reheating
effects, while taking into account various factors entering into the
determination of clusters gas fraction may erase such a difference. Indeed,
using recent estimates on gas content in the outer part of clusters (Vikhlinin
et al., 1999) and applying the correction factor due to the effect of gas
clumping, we find that the gas fraction shape over the range $ 200< \delta<
10^5$ is roughly consistent with hydro-dynamical simulations for an universal
gas fraction in the range 8-11% (for $h_{50} =1.$), the mass estimators being
calibrated from numerical simulations. In contrast, values of the order of 20%
do not give acceptable fit to the data on any scale. We conclude, that high
values of $\Omega_0$ can not be ruled out on the basis of the baryon fraction
argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3088 </DOCNO>
Vortex wandering in a forest of splayed columnar defects


  We investigate the scaling properties of single flux lines in a random
pinning landscape consisting of splayed columnar defects. Such correlated
defects can be injected into Type II superconductors by inducing nuclear
fission or via direct heavy ion irradiation. The result is often very efficient
pinning of the vortices which gives, e.g., a strongly enhanced critical
current. The wandering exponent \zeta and the free energy exponent \omega of a
single flux line in such a disordered environment are obtained analytically
from scaling arguments combined with extreme-value statistics. In contrast to
the case of point disorder, where these exponents are universal, we find a
dependence of the exponents on details in the probability distribution of the
low lying energies of the columnar defects. The analytical results show
excellent agreement with numerical transfer matrix calculations in two and
three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86792 </DOCNO>
Causality in Inflationary Universes with Positive Spatial Curvature


  We show that in the case of positively-curved Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre
universes $(k=+1)$, an inflationary period in the early universe will for most
initial conditions not solve the horizon problem, no matter how long inflation
lasts. It will only do so for cases where inflation starts in an almost static
state, corresponding to an extremely high value of $\Omega_{\Lambda}$,
$\Omega_{\Lambda} \gg 1$, at the beginning of inflation. For smaller values, it
is not possible to solve the horizon problem because the relevant integral
asymptotes to a finite value (as happens also in the de Sitter universe in a
$k=+1$ frame). Thus, for these cases, the causal problems associated with the
near-isotropy of the Cosmic Background Radiation have to be solved already in
the Planck era. Furthermore both compact space sections and event horizons will
exist in these universes even if the present cosmological constant dies away in
the far future, raising potential problems for M-theory as a theory of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1718 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the Density of Partition Function Zeroes - A Measure for


  We discuss a numerical analysis employing the density of partition function
zeroes which permits effective distinction between phase transitions of first
and second order, elucidates crossover between such phase transitions and gives
a new way to measure their strengths in the form of latent heat and critical
exponents. Application to a number of models demonstrates the efficacy of the
technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97325 </DOCNO>
Graded Chern-Simons field theory and graded topological D-branes


  We discuss graded D-brane systems of the topological A model on a Calabi-Yau
threefold, by means of their string field theory. We give a detailed analysis
of the extended string field action, showing that it satisfies the classical
master equation, and construct the associated BV system. The analysis is
entirely general and it applies to any collection of D-branes (of distinct
grades) wrapping the same special Lagrangian cycle, being valid in arbitrary
topology. Our discussion employs a $\Z$-graded version of the covariant BV
formalism, whose formulation involves the concept of {\em graded
supermanifolds}. We discuss this formalism in detail and explain why
$\Z$-graded supermanifolds are necessary for a correct geometric understanding
of BV systems. For the particular case of graded D-brane pairs, we also give a
direct construction of the master action, finding complete agreement with the
abstract formalism. We analyze formation of acyclic composites and show that,
under certain topological assumptions,all states resulting from the
condensation process of a pair of branes with grades differing by one unit are
BRST trivial and thus the composite can be viewed as a closed string vacuum. We
prove that there are {\em six} types of pairs which must be viewed as generally
inequivalent. This contradicts the assumption that `brane-antibrane' systems
exhaust the nontrivial dynamics of topological A-branes with the same geometric
support.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76261 </DOCNO>
Direct Higgs production and jet veto at the Tevatron and the LHC in NNLO


  We consider Higgs boson production through gluon--gluon fusion in hadron
collisions, when a veto is applied on the transverse momenta of the
accompanying hard jets. We compute the QCD radiative corrections to this
process at NLO and NNLO. The NLO calculation is complete. The NNLO calculation
uses the recently evaluated NNLO soft and virtual QCD contributions to the
inclusive cross section. We find that the jet veto reduces the impact of the
NLO and NNLO contributions, the reduction being more sizeable at the LHC than
at the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4538 </DOCNO>
Ballistic Motion in Quenched Random Environments


  We study the motion of a massive particle in a quenched random environment at
zero temperature. The distribution of particle positions is investigated
numerically and special focus is placed on the mean stopping distance and its
fluctuations. We apply a scaling analysis in order to obtain analytical
information about the distribution function. The model serves as a simple
example of transport in a random medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41037 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of Form Factors of the Decay Xi0->Sigma+ e- anti-nu/e


  We present the first measurement of the form factor ratios g1/f1 (direct
axial-vector to vector), g2/f1 (second class current) and f2/f1 (weak
magnetism) for the decay Xi0 -> Sigma+ e- anti-nu/e using the KTeV (E799) beam
line and detector at Fermilab. From the Sigma+ polarization measured with the
decay Sigma+ -> p pi0 and the e- - anti-nu/e correlation, we measure g1/f1 to
be 1.32 +0.21-0.17(stat.) +/- 0.05(syst.), assuming the SU(3)f (flavor) values
for g2/f1 and f2/f1. Our results are all consistent with exact SU(3)f symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148318 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry with a Ghost Time


  The progress brought to the study of chiral fermions and gauge theories by
quantization methods with a bulk time suggests their usefulness in
supersymmetric theories. Using superspace methods, we show how an explicitly
supersymmetric version of such quantization methods may be given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74213 </DOCNO>
Saturation at low $x$


  This talk is an attempt to review all our knowledge on saturation at low $x$
both theoretical and experimental, to stimulate a search for saturation effects
at THERA. The main goals of this presentation are 1. To discuss an intuitive
picture of the deep inelastic scattering that leads to the saturation of the
parton densities;
  2. To show that the saturation hypothesis has solid theoretical proof;
  3. To report on the theoretical progress that has been made over the past two
years in high parton density QCD, and on the property of the saturation phase
that emerges from the theory that has been developed;
  4. To collect all that we know theoretically and experimentally about the
saturation scale $Q_s(x)$ .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96198 </DOCNO>
Minimizing Polynomial Functions


  We compare algorithms for global optimization of polynomial functions in many
variables. It is demonstrated that existing algebraic methods (Gr\"obner bases,
resultants, homotopy methods) are dramatically outperformed by a relaxation
technique, due to N.Z. Shor and the first author, which involves sums of
squares and semidefinite programming. This opens up the possibility of using
semidefinite programming relaxations arising from the Positivstellensatz for a
wide range of computational problems in real algebraic geometry.
  This paper was presented at the Workshop on Algorithmic and Quantitative
Aspects of Real Algebraic Geometry in Mathematics and Computer Science, held at
DIMACS, Rutgers University, March 12-16, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128725 </DOCNO>
A Study of 3CR Radio Galaxies from z = 0.15 to 0.65. I. Evidence for an


  Deep optical images have been gathered for a nearly complete sample of radio
galaxies from the Revised 3rd Cambridge (3CR) Catalog in the redshift range
0.15 < z < 0.65. Total and nuclear magnitudes and colors have been extracted.
The richness of the galaxy clustering environment has also been quantified by
calculating the amplitude of the galaxy-galaxy spatial covariance function
(B_gg), showing overdensities ranging up to Abell class 0-1 clusters. These
optical data are compared to similar data from an existing sample of radio-loud
quasars in the same redshift range for the purpose of determining the
relationship between radio galaxies and quasars. In the range 0.15 < z < 0.4,
we find that quasars and radio galaxies have significantly different
environments in that only radio galaxies are found in rich cluster
environments. This comparison appears to rule out the hypothesis that all
quasars are radio galaxies viewed from a particular angle at the 97% confidence
level (99.6% confidence level if N-galaxies are considered quasars). The
existence of quasars in clusters at z > 0.4 supports the hypothesis that some
radio-loud quasars may dim with time and evolve into radio galaxies with an
e-folding time of ~0.9 Gyr. A compatible scenario is presented for this
evolution in which the quasar dims due to the absence of low velocity
interactions between the quasar host and companion galaxies which trigger
quasar activity and/or a diminishing fuel supply caused by the more effective
gas ``sweeping'' of a growing intracluster medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149430 </DOCNO>
A General Expression for Symmetry Factors of Feynman Diagrams


  The calculation of the symmetry factor corresponding to a given Feynman
diagram is well known to be a tedious problem. We have derived a simple formula
for these symmetry factors. Our formula works for any diagram in scalar theory
($\phi^3$ and $\phi^4$ interactions), spinor QED, scalar QED, or QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2781 </DOCNO>
Crystallization of a supercooled liquid and of a glass - Ising model


  Using Monte Carlo simulations we study crystallization in the
three-dimensional Ising model with four-spin interaction. We monitor the
morphology of crystals which grow after placing crystallization seeds in a
supercooled liquid. Defects in such crystals constitute an intricate and very
stable network which separate various domains by tensionless domain walls. We
also show that the crystallization which occurs during the continuous heating
of the glassy phase takes place at a heating-rate dependent temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1447 </DOCNO>
Bosons in cigar-shape traps: Thomas-Fermi regime, Tonks-Girardeau


  We present a quantitative analysis of the experimental accessibility of the
Tonks-Girardeau gas in the current day experiments with cigar-trapped alkalis.
For this purpose we derive, using a Bethe anzats generated local equation of
state, a set of hydrostatic equations describing one-dimensional
delta-interacting Bose gases trapped in a harmonic potential. The resulting
solutions cover the_entire range_ of atomic densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4100 </DOCNO>
Field Induced Partial Order in the Spin-Ice Dysprosium Titanate


  Neutron scattering has been used to investigate the magnetic correlations in
the the spin ice material dysprosium titanate, Dy2Ti2O7. An isotopically
enriched sample was used to minimise neutron absorption. In zero field no
magnetic order was observed down to 50 mK but the magnetic diffuse scattering
was in qualitative agreement with that expected for the disordered low
temperature state of dipolar spin ice. Application of a field of ~ 0.8 T in the
[100] direction led to long range order. With the field applied in the [1-10]
direction a coexistence of long range ferromagnetic and short range
antiferromagnetic order was observed. This is attributed to the pinning of only
half the spins by the field. The hysteresis loops in both field orientations
displayed unusual steps and plateaus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95751 </DOCNO>
Applications of Symmetric Functions to Cycle and Subsequence Structure


  Using symmetric function theory, we study the cycle structure and increasing
subsequence structure of permutations after various shuffling methods,
emphasizing the role of Cauchy type identities and the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth
correspondence. One consequence is a cycle index for riffle shuffles when one
deals from the bottom of the deck; conclusions are drawn concerning the
distribution of fixed points and the asymptotic distribution of cycle
structure. In studying cycle structure of unimodal permutations and their
generalizations we are led to an interesting variation of the RSK
correspondence. This yields a probabilistic interpretation of a Schur-type
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81445 </DOCNO>
Analytic calculation of the mass gap in U(1)_{2+1} lattice gauge theory


  An analytic calculation of the photon mass gap M of compact U(1)_{2+1} in the
Hamiltonian formalism is performed utilizing the first four Hamiltonian moments
with respect to a one-plaquette mean field state in the plaquette expansion
method. Scaling of M is clearly evident at and beyond the transition from
strong to weak coupling. The scaling behaviour agrees well with the range of
results from numerical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95873 </DOCNO>
Floating bundles and their applications


  The aim of section 1 is to define the homotopic functor to category of
Abelian groups, connected with the special classes of bundles with fiber matrix
algebra or projective space. The aim of section 2 is to define some
generalization of the notion of formal group. More precisely, we consider the
analog of formal groups with coefficients belonging to a Hopf algebra. We also
study some example of a formal group over a Hopf algebra, which generalizes the
formal group of geometric cobordisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149912 </DOCNO>
Functional Callan-Symanzik equation for QED


  An exact evolution equation, the functional generalization of the
Callan-Symanzik method, is given for the effective action of QED where the
electron mass is used to turn the quantum fluctuations on gradually. The usual
renormalization group equations are recovered in the leading order but no
Landau pole appears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6998 </DOCNO>
Kinetic equation for strongly interacting dense Fermi systems


  We review the non-relativistic Green's-function approach to the kinetic
equations for Fermi liquids far from equilibrium. The emphasis is on the
consistent treatment of the off-shell motion between collisions and on the
non-instant and non-local picture of binary collisions. The resulting kinetic
equation is of the Boltzmann type, and it represents an interpolation between
the theory of transport in metals and the theory of moderately dense gases. The
free motion of particles is renormalised by various mean field and mass
corrections in the spirit of Landau's quasiparticles in metals. The collisions
are non-local in the spirit of Enskog's theory of non-ideal gases. The
collisions are moreover non-instant, a feature which is absent in the theory of
gases, but which is shown to be important for dense Fermi systems. In spite of
its formal complexity, the presented theory has a simple implementation within
the Monte-Carlo simulation schemes. Applications in nuclear physics are given
for heavy-ion reactions and the results are compared with the former theory and
recent experimental data. The effect of the off-shell motion and the non-local
and non-instant collisions on the dynamics of the system can be characterised
in terms of thermodynamic functions such as the energy density or the pressure
tensor. Non-equilibrium counterparts of these functions and the corresponding
balance equations are derived and discussed from two points of view. Firstly,
they are used to prove the conservation laws. Secondly, the role of individual
microscopic mechanisms in fluxes of particles and momenta and in
transformations of the energy is clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168724 </DOCNO>
Electrical control of superposed quantum states evolution in quantum dot


  Quantum computing (or generally, quantum information processing) is of prime
interest for it potentially has a significant impact on present electronics and
computations1-5. Essence of quantum computing is a direct usage of the
superposition and entanglement of quantum mechanical states that are pronounced
in nanoscopic particles such as atoms and molecules6, 7. On the other hand,
many proposals regarding the realization of semiconductor quantum dot (QD)
qubits8,9 and QD quantum gates10 were reported and several experimental clues
were successfully found11-16. While these pioneering experiments opened up the
basis of semiconductor QD quantum computing, direct electrical control of
superposed states in time domain17 has not been realized yet. Here, we
demonstrate the coherent control of the superposed quantum states evolution in
the QD molecule. Short electrical pulses are shown to inject single electron
into the QD molecule and the current collected at the substrate exhibits
oscillations as a function of the pulse width. The oscillations are originated
from different decay rates of the symmetric (S) and the anti-symmetric (AS)
state of the QD molecule and the evolution of the occupation probabilities
controlled by the injection pulse width

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128379 </DOCNO>
Statistics of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Cluster Surveys


  We describe a detailed analytic model for predicting statistical quantities
(such as number counts, redshift distributions and sizes) of clusters detected
in blank-field, thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect experiments. We include in
this model the possibility of non-Gaussian density perturbations in the early
Universe and also describe a simple model for the effects of preheating on
cluster Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect fluxes. We use this model to explore the
current state of the theoretical uncertainties present in this type of analytic
modelling, highlighting where further improvement will be necessary to fully
exploit forthcoming surveys. We then go on to explore the constraints on
cosmological parameters, the presence of any non-Gaussianity and the degree of
cluster preheating which may be obtained from both the BOLOCAM and PLANCK
experiments. We find that, providing redshifts can be measured for all detected
clusters, the BOLOCAM experiment may provide detections of non-Gaussianity or
preheating and could give approximate measurements of these effects if prior
knowledge of the various cosmological parameters is taken into account. The
PLANCK experiment Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect cluster survey is predicted to
provide highly accurate (~5%) measurements of the degree of non-Gaussianity and
preheating while also providing measurements of several cosmological parameters
to accuracies of a few percent independent from those constraints that will be
derived from its detections of primordial cosmic microwave background
anisotropies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149681 </DOCNO>
Curvature actions on Spin(n) bundles


  We compute the number of linearly independent ways in which a tensor of Weyl
type may act upon a given irreducible tensor-spinor bundle V over a Riemannian
manifold. Together with the analogous but easier problem involving actions of
tensors of Einstein type, this enumerates the possible curvature actions on V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96164 </DOCNO>
Integrable systems and effectivisation of Riemann theorem about domaims


  Consider a closed analytic curve $\gamma$ in the complex plane and denote by
> $D_+$ and $D_-$ the interior and exterior domains with respect to the curve.
The point $z=0$ is assumed to be in $D_+$. Then according to Riemann theorem
there exists a function $w(z)=\frac 1r z+\sum_{j=0}^\infty p_j z^{-j}$, mapping
$D_-$ to the exterior of the unit disk $\{w\in C|| w | >1\}$. It is follow from
[arXiv : hep-th /0005259] that this function is described by formula $\log
w=\log z-\partial_{t_0} (\frac 12\partial_{t_0}+\sum\limits_{k\geqslant
1}\frac{z^{-k}}{k} \partial_{t_k})v$, where $v=v(t_0, t_1, \bar t_1, t_2, \bar
t_2,...)$ is a function from the area $t_0$ of $D_+$ and the momemts $t_k$ of
$D_-$. Moreover, this function satisfies the dispersionless Hirota equation for
2D Toda lattice hierarchy.
  Thus for an effectivisation of Riemann theorem it is sufficiently to find a
representation of $v$ in the form of Taylor series $v=\sum N(i_0 | i_1,...,i_k|
\bar i_1,...,\bar i_{\bar k})t_0 t_{i_1},...,t_k \bar t_{\bar i_1},...,\bar
t_{\bar i_{\bar k}}$. The numbers $N(i_0 | i_1,...,i_k | \bar i_1, ..., \bar
i_{\bar k})$ for $i_\alpha, \bar i_\beta\leqslant 2$ is found in [arXiv:
hep-th/0005259]. In this paper we find some recurrence relations that give a
possible to find all $N(i_0\bigl| i_1,...,i_k|\bar i_1,...,\bar i_{\bar k})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73731 </DOCNO>
On e+e- --> W+W- --> 4f(+gamma) at LEP2


  The results on e+e- --> W+W- --> 4f(+gamma) obtained by different groups are
compared with each other. Differences in the results for the total cross
section of up to about 0.6% are traced back to different ways of implementing
the double-pole approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148344 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics on Riemannian Manifold in Schwinger's Quantization


  Extended Schwinger's quantization procedure is used for constructing quantum
mechanics on a manifold with a group structure. The considered manifold $M$ is
a homogeneous Riemannian space with the given action of isometry transformation
group. Using the identification of $M$ with the quotient space $G/H$, where $H$
is the isotropy group of an arbitrary fixed point of $M$, we show that quantum
mechanics on $G/H$ possesses a gauge structure, described by the gauge
potential that is the connection 1-form of the principal fiber bundle $G(G/H,
H)$. The coordinate representation of quantum mechanics and the procedure for
selecting the physical sector of states are developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83928 </DOCNO>
Richer Syntactic Dependencies for Structured Language Modeling


  The paper investigates the use of richer syntactic dependencies in the
structured language model (SLM). We present two simple methods of enriching the
dependencies in the syntactic parse trees used for intializing the SLM. We
evaluate the impact of both methods on the perplexity (PPL) and
word-error-rate(WER, N-best rescoring) performance of the SLM. We show that the
new model achieves an improvement in PPL and WER over the baseline results
reported using the SLM on the UPenn Treebank and Wall Street Journal (WSJ)
corpora, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40688 </DOCNO>
xF3(gamma-Z) in Charged Lepton Scattering


  Measurements of the structure function xF3(gamma-Z) are now becoming
available in charged lepton deep inelastic scattering at HERA. The correction
factors which are necessary to compare these with measurements of xF3(nu N) in
neutrino-nucleon scattering are deduced and a comparison is made between the H1
and the CCFR data. A sum rule is derived for the structure function
xF3(gamma-Z)measured in charged lepton scattering which is the analogue of the
Gross Llewellyn-Smith sum rule for neutrino-nucleon scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5006 </DOCNO>
Nature of vibrational eigenmodes in topologically disordered solids


  We use a local projectional analysis method to investigate the effect of
topological disorder on the vibrational dynamics in a model glass simulated by
molecular dynamics. Evidence is presented that the vibrational eigenmodes in
the glass are generically related to the corresponding eigenmodes of its
crystalline counterpart via disorder-induced level-repelling and hybridization
effects. It is argued that the effect of topological disorder in the glass on
the dynamical matrix can be simulated by introducing positional disorder in a
crystalline counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148608 </DOCNO>
Note On The Extended Non Commutativity of Coordinates


  We present in this short note an idea about a possible extension of the
standard noncommutative algebra to the formal differential operators framework.
In this sense, we develop an analysis and derive an extended noncommutative
algebra given by $[x_{a}, x_{b}]_{\star} = i(\theta + \chi)_{ab}$ where
$\theta_{ab}$ is the standard noncommutative parameter and $\chi_{ab}(x)\equiv
\chi^{\mu}_{ab}(x)\partial_{\mu} ={1/2}(x_a \theta^{\mu}_{b} - x_b
\theta^{\mu}_{a})\partial_\mu$ is an antisymmetric non-constant vector-field
shown to play the role of the extended deformation parameter. This idea was
motivated by the importance of noncommutative geometry framework in the current
subject of D-brane and matrix theory physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95667 </DOCNO>
Special Lagrangian 3-folds and integrable systems


  This is the sixth in a series of papers constructing examples of special
Lagrangian m-folds in C^m. We present a construction of special Lagrangian
cones in C^3 involving two commuting o.d.e.s, motivated by the first two papers
of the series. Then we generalize it to a construction of non-conical special
Lagrangian 3-folds in C^3 involving three commuting o.d.e.s.
  Now special Lagrangian cones in C^3 are linked to the theory of harmonic maps
and integrable systems. Harmonic maps from a Riemann surface into complex
projective space CP^n are an integrable system, and can be studied and
classified using loop group techniques. If N is a special Lagrangian cone in
C^3, then N is the cone on the image of a conformal harmonic map \psi : S -->
S^5 for some Riemann surface S, and the projection of \psi to CP^2 is also
conformal harmonic.
  Our examples of special Lagrangian cones in C^3 yield conformal harmonic maps
\psi : R^2 --> CP^2. We work through the integrable systems theory for these
examples, showing that they are superconformal of finite type, and calculating
their harmonic sequences, Toda and Tzitzeica solutions, algebra of polynomial
Killing fields and spectral curves. We also study the double periodicity
conditions for \psi, and so find families of superconformal tori in CP^2.
  We finish by asking whether our more general construction of special
Lagrangian 3-folds can also be derived from a higher-dimensional integrable
system, and whether the special Lagrangian equations themselves are in some
sense integrable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113913 </DOCNO>
Introducing Time Dependence into the Static Maxwell Equations


  Using to a minimum extent special relativity input, and relying on the
Lorentz-force expression for the force acting on a charged particle in motion
under the influence of electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields, the Maxwell curl
equations are shown to follow from the covariance of the two Maxwell divergence
equations ${\div\cdot E} = 4\pi\rho$ and ${\div\cdot B} = 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98244 </DOCNO>
On the vanishing of higher syzygies of curves


  The present paper is related to a conjecture made by Green and Lazarsfeld
concerning 1-linear syzygies of curves embedded by complete linear systems of
sufficiently large degrees. Given a smooth, irreducible, complex, projective
curve $X$, we prove that the least integer $q$ for which the property $(M_q)$
fails for a line bundle $L$ on $X$ does not depend on $L$ as soon as its degree
becomes sufficiently large. Consequently, this number is an invariant of the
curve, and the statement of Green-Lazarsfeld's conjecture is equivalent to
saying that this invariant equals the gonality of the curve. We verify the
conjecture for plane curves, curves lying on Hirzebruch surfaces, and for
generic curves having the genus sufficiently large compared to the gonality. We
conclude the paper by proving that Green's canonical conjecture holds for
curves lying on Hirzebruch surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85891 </DOCNO>
Gravitational radiation from long gamma-ray bursts


  Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are probably powered by high-angular momentum
black hole-torus systems in suspended accretion. The torus will radiate
gravitational waves as non-axisymmetric instabilities develop. The luminosity
in gravitational-wave emissions is expected to compare favorably with the
observed isotropic equivalent luminosity in GRB-afterglow emissions. This
predicts that long GRBs are potentially the most powerful LIGO/VIRGO
burst-sources in the Universe. Their frequency-dynamics is characterized by a
horizontal branch in the $\dot{f}(f)-$diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73677 </DOCNO>
The color dipole approach to the Drell-Yan process in pA collisions


  In the target rest frame and at high energies, Drell-Yan (DY) dilepton
production looks like bremsstrahlung of massive photons, rather than parton
annihilation. The projectile quark is decomposed into a series of Fock states.
Configurations with fixed transverse separations are interaction eigenstates
for pp scattering. The DY cross section can then be expressed in terms of the
same color dipole cross section as DIS. This approach is especially suitable to
describe nuclear effects, since it allows to apply Glauber multiple scattering
theory. We go beyond the Glauber eikonal approximation by taking into account
transitions between interaction eigenstates. We calculate nuclear shadowing at
large Feynman-x_F for DY in proton-nucleus collisions, compare to existing data
from E772 and make predictions for RHIC. Nuclear effects on the transverse
momentum distribution are also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169352 </DOCNO>
Quantum computation with trapped ions in an optical cavity


  Two-qubit logical gates are proposed on the basis of two atoms trapped in a
cavity setup. Losses in the interaction by spontaneous transitions are
efficiently suppressed by employing adiabatic transitions and the Zeno effect.
Dynamical and geometrical conditional phase gates are suggested. This method
provides fidelity and a success rate of its gates very close to unity. Hence,
it is suitable for performing quantum computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125236 </DOCNO>
The Spatial Distribution and Kinematics of Stellar Populations in E+A


  We use long-slit spectroscopic observations of the sample of E+A galaxies
described by Zabludoff et al. to constrain the nature of the progenitors and
remnants of the E+A phase of galaxy evolution. We measure spatially-resolved
kinematic properties of the young (<~1 Gyr) and old (> few Gyr) stellar
populations. The young stellar populations are more centrally concentrated than
the older populations, but they are not confined to the galaxy core (radius <~
1 kpc). The kinematics of the old stellar population place 16 of 20 of our E+As
on a trend parallel to the Faber-Jackson relation that is offset by $\sim$ 0.6
mag in R. Eighteen of 20 E+As have v/sigma < 1. As the young stars in these
systems evolve, the luminosity offset will disappear and the remnants will be
pressure-supported systems that lie on the Faber-Jackson relation. Although
Zabludoff et al. spectroscopically selected the most extreme E+A galaxies in
the local volume, the sample is kinematically diverse: velocity dispersions
range from <~ 30 km/s to ~ 200 km/s over a luminosity range of M_R = -19 to -22
+ 5 log h. Combining these results with an estimate of the number of galaxies
that experience an E+A phase, we conclude that the E+A phase of galaxy
evolution is important in the development of a large fraction of
spheroid-dominated galaxies over a wide range of luminosities and masses. Our
kinematic observations, together with evidence that E+As have recently evolved
from a vigorous star forming phase to a quiescent phase (e.g. Couch and
Sharples, Caldwell et al.) and that many have tidal features consistent with
disk-like progenitors (Zabludoff et al.), indicate that these galaxies are
undergoing a transformation from star-forming, disk-dominated galaxies into
quiescent, spheroid-dominated galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76735 </DOCNO>
Long-distance contribution to the muon-polarization asymmetry in K^+\to


  We revisit the calculation of the long-distance contribution to the
muon-polarization asymmetry \Delta_{LR}, which arises, in
K^+\to\pi^+\mu^+\mu^-, from the two-photon intermediate state. The
parity-violating amplitude of this process, induced by the local anomalous
K^+\pi^-\gamma^*\gamma^* transition, is analysed; unfortunately, one cannot
expect to predict its contribution to the asymmetry by using chiral
perturbation theory alone. Here we evaluate this amplitude and its contribution
to \Delta_{LR} by employing a phenomenological model called the FMV model, in
which the utility of the vector and axial-vector resonances exchange is
important to soften the ultraviolet behaviour of the transition. We find that
the long-distance contribution is of the same order of magnitude as the
standard model short-distance contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98083 </DOCNO>
Quantum stochastic approach to the description of quantum measurements


  In the present paper we consider the problem of description of an arbitrary
generalized quantum measurement with outcomes in a measurable space. Analyzing
the unitary invariants of a measuring process, we present the most general form
of a possible integral representation of an instrument, which differs from the
representations of an instrument available in the mathematical and physical
literature. We introduce the notion of a quantum stochastic representation of
an instrument, whose elements are wholly determined by the unitary invariants
of a measuring process. We show that the description of a generalized direct
quantum measurement can be considered in the frame of a new general approach,
which we call the quantum stochastic approach (QSA), based on the notion of a
family of quantum stochastic evolution operators, satisfying the orthonormality
relation and describing the conditional evolution of a quantum system under a
measurement. The QSA allows to give: a) the complete statistical description of
any generalized direct quantum measurement (a POV measure and a family of
posterior states); b) the complete description in a Hilbert space of the
stochastic behaviour of a quantum system under a measurement in the sense of
specification of the probabilistic transition law governing the change from the
initial state of a quantum system to a final one under a single measurement; c)
to formalize the consideration of all possible types of quantum measurements.
For measurements continuous in time the QSA allows, in particular, to define in
the most general case (without assuming any Markov property) the notion of
posterior pure state trajectories (quantum trajectories) and to give their
probabilistic treatment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87176 </DOCNO>
Numerical Tests of Evolution Systems, Gauge Conditions, and Boundary


  We investigate how the accuracy and stability of numerical relativity
simulations of 1D colliding plane waves depends on choices of equation
formulations, gauge conditions, boundary conditions, and numerical methods, all
in the context of a first-order 3+1 approach to the Einstein equations, with
basic variables some combination of first derivatives of the spatial metric and
components of the extrinsic curvature tensor. Hyperbolic schemes, specifically
variations on schemes proposed by Bona and Masso and Anderson and York, are
compared with variations of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner formulation.
Modifications of the three basic schemes include raising one index in the
metric derivative and extrinsic curvature variables and adding a multiple of
the energy constraint to the extrinsic curvature evolution equations. Redundant
variables in the Bona-Masso formulation may be reset frequently or allowed to
evolve freely. Gauge conditions which simplify the dynamical structure of the
system are imposed during each time step, but the lapse and shift are reset
periodically to control the evolution of the spacetime slicing and the
longitudinal part of the metric. We show that physically correct boundary
conditions, satisfying the energy and momentum constraint equations,
generically require the presence of some ingoing eigenmodes of the
characteristic matrix. Numerical methods are developed for the hyperbolic
systems based on decomposing flux differences into linear combinations of
eigenvectors of the characteristic matrix. These methods are shown to be
second-order accurate, and in practice second-order convergent, for smooth
solutions, even when the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the characteristic
matrix are spatially varying.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74067 </DOCNO>
Equivalence Principle Tests and New Long-Range Forces


  We discuss the possible existence of new long-range forces mediated by spin-1
or spin-0 particles. They would add their effects to those of gravity, and
could lead to apparent violations of the Equivalence Principle. Informations on
the (vector and axial) couplings of a new spin-1 U boson may be obtained from
spontaneously broken gauge invariance. The charge associated with the vector
coupling may be expressed as a linear combination of B and L. If the new force
has a finite range lambda, its intensity turns out to be proportional to
1/(lambda^2 F^2), F being the extra U(1) symmetry-breaking scale.
  Quite surprisingly, particle physics experiments can provide constraints on
such a force, even if the corresponding gauge coupling is extremely small (<<
10^-19 !). An "equivalence theorem" shows that a very light spin-1 U boson
with non-vanishing axial couplings does not in general decouple even when its
gauge coupling vanishes, but behaves as a quasimassless pseudoscalar. (This
equivalence theorem is similar to the one of supersymmetry/supergravity
theories, according to which a very light spin-3/2 gravitino might get
detectable as a quasi massless spin-1/2 goldstino, despite the extreme
smallness of Newton's gravitational constant G_N.) Searches for the radiative
production of such U bosons in psi and upsilon decays restrict the extra U(1)
symmetry-breaking scale F to be larger than the electroweak scale, providing
constraints on the intensity of the corresponding new force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72826 </DOCNO>
Quantum stabilization of thermal brane-worlds in M-theory


  Low-energy effective M-theory (11d supergravity or 11d SUSY theory) is
considered in 11d flat or AdS background. After orbifold compactification of
eleventh dimension one gets flat 10d brane at non-zero temperature. Quantum
effective potential (free energy at low-temperature approximation) is
calculated on such brane with account of only lowest mass from Kaluza-Klein
modes. Such effective potential may stabilize the radius of 11th dimension
(radion stabilization) as it is demonstrated explicitly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7398 </DOCNO>
Fractional Periodicity of Persistent Currents: A Signature of Broken


  We show from the symmetries of the many body Hamiltonian, cast into the form
of the Heisenberg (spin) Hamiltonian, that the fractional periodicities of
persistent currents are due to the breakdown of internal symmetry and the spin
Hamiltonian holds the explanation to this transition. Numerical
diagonalizations are performed to show this explicitely. Persistent currents
therefore, provide an easy way to experimentally verify broken internal
symmetry in electronic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98211 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic properties of the differential equation $h^3(h''+h')=1$


  We derive the form of the asymptotic series, as $t\to +\infty$, for a general
solution $h(t)$ of the non-linear differential equation
$h(t)^{3}(h''(t)+h'(t))=1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2315 </DOCNO>
Photoemission spectra of LaMnO3 controlled by orbital excitations


  We investigate the spectral function of a hole moving in the orbital-ordered
ferromagnetic planes of LaMnO$_3$, and show that it depends critically on the
type of orbital ordering. While the hole does not couple to the spin
excitations, it interacts strongly with the excitations of $e_g$ orbitals
(orbitons), leading to new type of quasiparticles with a dispersion on the
orbiton energy scale and with strongly enhanced mass and reduced weight.
Therefore we predict a large redistribution of spectral weight with respect to
the bands found in local density approximation (LDA) or in LDA+U.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74132 </DOCNO>
Nonleptonic kaon decays: theory vs. experiment


  A review of the present experimental status of the rates and the Dalitz-plot
slope parameters in CP conserving K->2\pi and K->3\pi decays is given. The
corresponding isospin amplitudes have been determined by a common fit to the
recent experimental data and have been used as an input to a consequent fit
based on the constraints from O(p^4) chiral lagrangian. It has been found that
the constraints of the chiral fit are well satisfied by the experimental data,
allowing to estimate the weak coupling constants and to predict the quadratic
amplitudes in K->3\pi decays and the one-loop strong rescattering phases. The
consistency of the obtained weak coupling constants with weak resonance models
has been also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148996 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric M3-branes and G_2 Manifolds


  We obtain a generalisation of the original complete Ricci-flat metric of G_2
holonomy on R^4\times S^3 to a family with a non-trivial parameter \lambda. For
generic \lambda the solution is singular, but it is regular when
\lambda={-1,0,+1}. The case \lambda=0 corresponds to the original G_2 metric,
and \lambda ={-1,1} are related to this by an S_3 automorphism of the SU(2)^3
isometry group that acts on the S^3\times S^3 principal orbits. We then
construct explicit supersymmetric M3-brane solutions in D=11 supergravity,
where the transverse space is a deformation of this class of G_2 metrics. These
are solutions of a system of first-order differential equations coming from a
superpotential. We also find M3-branes in the deformed backgrounds of new
G_2-holonomy metrics that include one found by A. Brandhuber, J. Gomis, S.
Gubser and S. Gukov, and show that they also are supersymmetric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125499 </DOCNO>
The Helium content and age of the Hyades: Constraints from five binary


  We compare the accurate empirical mass-luminosity (M-L) relation based on
five Hyades binary systems to predictions of stellar models calculated with
various input parameters (helium, metallicity, age) or physics (mixing-length
ratio, model atmosphere, equation of state, microscopic diffusion). Models
based on a helium content Ysim0.28 inferred from the dydz enrichment law are
more than 3sigma beyond the observations, suggesting that the initial helium
abundance is lower than expected from its supersolar metallicity. With the
photometric metallicity (FeH=0.144pm0.013 dex, Grenon (2000) we derive
Y=0.255\pm0.009. Because of the (Y,FeH) degeneracy in the M-L plane, the
uncertainty grows to Delta Y=0.013 if the metallicity from spectroscopy is
adopted (FeH=0.14pm0.05 dex, Cayrel de Strobel et al 1997). We use these
results to discuss the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram of the Hyades, in the
(Mv,B-V) plane, based on the very precise Hipparcos dynamical parallaxes.
Present models fit the tight observed sequence very well except at low
temperatures. In the low mass region of the HR diagram sensitive to the
mixing-length parameter (aMLT), the slope of the main sequence (MS) suggests
that aMLT could decrease from a solar (or even supersolar) value at higher mass
to subsolar values at low mass, which is also supported by the modeling of the
vB22 M-L relation. We find that the discrepancy at low temperatures (B-V\gtrsim
1.2) remains, even if an improved equation of state or better model atmospheres
are used. Finally, we discuss the positions of the stars at turn-off in the
light of their observed rotation rates and we deduce that the maximum age of
the Hyades predicted by the present models is sim650 Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129252 </DOCNO>
Some sources of systematic errors on CMB polarized measurements with


  Some sources of systematic errors, specific to polarized CMB measurements
using bolometers, are examined. Although the evaluations we show have been made
in the context of the Planck mission (and more specifically the Planck HFI),
many of our conclusions are valid for other experiments as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95484 </DOCNO>
Profinite and Finite Groups Associated with Loop and Diffeomorphism


  $p$-Adic compactifications of geometric loop and diffeomorphism groups of
compact manifolds on finite-dimensional spaces over non-Archimedean fields are
investigated. Weakened topology is introduced. The structure of newly
constructed compact groups is studied. Representations of such profinite groups
are discused.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1919 </DOCNO>
Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the t-Jz model with stripes on the


  Finite temperature quantum Monte Carlo simulations are performed on the
anisotropic t-J model and in particular on its Ising limit. Straight
site-centered stripes are imposed by an on-site potential representing external
mechanisms of stripe formation. In this model, we show that, even though charge
inhomogeneity exists at a high temperature, the anti-phase ordering of the spin
domains between stripes occurs at a much lower temperature. The magnetic
correlations at this spin ordering crossover are analyzed. The stripes show
metallicity, with absence of hole attraction. Comparison between this model and
others that have been proposed to explain or describe stripes, as well as
possible relations with experimental features on underdoped cuprates are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3321 </DOCNO>
Variable-range-hopping in two-dimensional system


  Computer modeling of the VRH conductivity in the two-dimensional system has
been done by kinetic Monte Carlo method, which includes some new elements.
Study of the temperature dependence of the conductivity, testing of the
different scaling relations, and study of the size effect show that the
Efros-Shklovskii mechanism of the VRH is valid in the slightest details. It has
been also shown that simultaneous transitions of many electrons are not
important.
 The reasons of disagreement with previous works are thoroughly analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5960 </DOCNO>
Oscillator strengths of dark charged excitons in the quantum Hall regime


  By direct absorption spectroscopy and comparison to photoluminescence (PL),
we investigate negatively charged excitons in dilute two-dimensional electron
systems at temperatures down to T=40 mK in the regime of the fractional quantum
Hall effect. At very low temperatures, for filling factor \nu < 1/3, an
additional excitation appears in the PL spectrum, between the well-known
singlet and triplet excitons. The observation of a similar excitation by PL was
reported very recently [G. Yusa et al., cond-mat0103561], and the excitation
was assigned, in spite of a PL intensity similar to that of the neutral
exciton, to be due to a dark triplet exciton. By comparing PL and direct
absorption spectra in optically thin samples at T<100 mK, we can identify the
new excitation indeed as a 'dark' mode, since we find that the oscillator
strength is much smaller than those of the 'bright' modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148062 </DOCNO>
Topological contributions in two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory: from


  We show that keeping only the topologically trivial contribution to the
average of a class function on U(N) amounts to integrating over its algebra.
The goal is reached first by decompactifying an expansion over the instanton
basis and then directly, by means of a geometrical procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179203 </DOCNO>
Nuclear binding energies: Global collective structure and local


  Nuclear binding energies and two-neutron separation energies are analyzed
starting from the liquid-drop model and the nuclear shell model in order to
describe the global trends of the above observables. We subsequently
concentrate on the Interacting Boson Model (IBM) and discuss a new method in
order to provide a consistent description of both, ground-state and
excited-state properties. We address the artefacts that appear when crossing
mid-shell using the IBM formulation and perform detailed numerical calculations
for nuclei situated in the 50-82 shell. We also concentrate on local deviations
from the above global trends in binding energy and two-neutron separation
energies that appear in the neutron-deficient Pb region. We address possible
effects on the binding energy, caused by mixing of low-lying $0^{+}$ intruder
states into the ground state, using configuration mixing in the IBM framework.
We also study ground-state properties using a deformed mean-field approach.
Detailed comparisons with recent experimental data in the Pb region are amply
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3930 </DOCNO>
Superconducting proximity effect in clean ferromagnetic layers


  We investigate superconducting proximity effect in clean ferromagnetic layers
with rough boundaries. The subgap density of states is formed by Andreev bound
states at energies which depend on trajectory length and the ferromagnetic
exchange field. At energies above the gap, the spectrum is governed by resonant
scattering states. The resulting density of states, measurable by tunneling
spectroscopy, exhibits a rich structure, which allows to connect the
theoretical parameters from experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125151 </DOCNO>
Relativistic ionized accretion disc models of MCG--6-30-15


  We present results from fitting ionized accretion disc models to three long
ASCA observations of the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG--6-30-15. All three datasets can
be fit by a model consisting of ionized reflection from the inner region of the
accretion disc (with twice solar Fe abundance) and a separate diskline
component from farther out on the the disc. The diskline is required to fit the
height of the observed Fe K line profile. However, we show that a much simpler
model of reflection from a very weakly ionized constant density disc also fits
the data. In this case only a single cold Fe K line at 6.4 keV is required to
fit the observed line. The ionized disc models predict that O VIII K, C VI K,
Fe XVII L, and Fe XVIII L lines will appear in the soft X-ray region of the
reflection spectrum, but are greatly blurred due to Compton scattering. The
equivalent width (EW) of O VIII K is estimated to be about 10 eV and seems to
be as strong as the blend of the Fe L lines. This result creates difficulty for
the claim of a strong relativistic O VIII line in the XMM-Newton grating
spectrum of MCG--6-30-15, although we can not strictly rule it out since
MCG--6-30-15 was in an anomalously low state during that observation. We find
that increasing the O abundance or breaking the continuum below 2 keV will not
significantly strengthen the line. The second Fe K line component in the
ionized disc model may arise from neutral reflection from a flared disc, or
from a second illumination event. The data cannot distinguish between the two
cases, and we conclude that single zone ionized disc models have difficulty
fitting these hard X-ray data of MCG--6-30-15.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7472 </DOCNO>
Magnetic phases of the mixed-spin $J_1-J_2$ Heisenberg model on a square


  We study the zero-temperature phase diagram and the low-energy excitations of
a mixed-spin ($S_1>S_2$) $J_1-J_2$ Heisenberg model defined on a square lattice
by using a spin-wave analysis, the coupled cluster method, and the Lanczos
exact-diagonalization technique. As a function of the frustration parameter
$J_2/J_1$ ($ >0$), the phase diagram exhibits a quantized ferrimagnetic phase,
a canted spin phase, and a mixed-spin collinear phase. The presented results
point towards a strong disordering effect of the frustration and quantum spin
fluctuations in the vicinity of the classical spin-flop transition. In the
extreme quantum system $(S_1,S_2)=(1,{1/2})$, we find indications of a new
quantum spin state in the region $0.46< J_2/J_1<0.5$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179171 </DOCNO>
The effect of gluon depletion on J/psi suppression in pA and AA


  The enhanced suppression of $J/\psi$ production at large $x_F$ in $pA$
collisions is studied in the framework of gluon depletion at large $x_1$. The
nonperturbative process that modifies the gluon distribution as the gluons
propagate in nuclear matter is described by an evolution equation with a kernal
to be determined by phenomenology. With nuclear shadowing and anti-shadowing
taken into account, the effect on the gluon distribution is shown to be a
depletion in excess of 40% at $x_1 \approx 0.8$ for $A > 100$. There is a small
amount of enhancement of the gluon distribution at small $x_1$, but it does not
lead to any contradiction with the existing data on $J/\psi$ suppression in the
central region. Extentions to $\psi^{\prime}$ suppression and $AB$ collisions
are also investigated in the framework of gluon redistribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126308 </DOCNO>
Test of Hadronic Interaction Models in the Forward Region with KASCADE


  An analysis of muon and hadron rates observed in the central detector of the
KASCADE experiment has been carried out. The data are compared to CORSIKA
simulations employing the high-energy hadronic interaction models QGSJET,
DPMJET, HDPM, SIBYLL, and VENUS. In addition, first results with the new
hadronic interaction model neXus 2 are discussed. Differences of the model
predictions, both among each other and when confronted with measurements, are
observed. The hadron rates mainly depend on the inelastic cross-section and on
the contribution of diffraction dissociation. The discrepancy between
simulations and measurements at low primary energies around 5 TeV can be
reduced by increasing the non-diffractive part of the inelastic cross-section
of nucleon-air interactions. Examination of hadron multiplicities points
towards harder spectra of secondary pions and kaons needed in the calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98435 </DOCNO>
Homotopy Lie algebras, lower central series, and the Koszul property


  Let $X$ and $Y$ be finite-type CW-spaces ($X$ connected, $Y$ simply
connected), such that $H^*(Y,\Q)$ is a $k$-rescaling of $H^*(X,\Q)$. Assume
$H^*(X,\Q)$ is a Koszul algebra. Then, the following "Rescaling Formula" holds:
the homotopy Lie algebra $\pi_*(\Omega Y)\otimes \Q$ equals, up to
$k$-rescaling, the graded rational Lie algebra associated to the lower central
series of $\pi_1(X)$. If $Y$ is a formal space, the formula is actually
equivalent to the Koszulness of $H^*(X,\Q)$. The Rescaling Formula can be
upgraded to a "Malcev Formula," at the level of filtered groups, precisely when
$X$ is formal. In that case, there exist filtered isomorphisms between the
Malcev completion of $\pi_1(X)$, the completion of $[\Omega S^{2k+1},\Omega
Y]$, and the Milnor-Moore group of coalgebra maps from $H_*(\Omega
S^{2k+1},\Q)$ to $H_*(\Omega Y,\Q)$. This analysis also gives information on
the Cohen-Gitler "group of homotopy groups," $[\Omega S^2,\Omega Y]$.
  Among spaces that admit naturally defined homological rescalings are
complements of complex hyperplane arrangements, and complements of classical
links. The Rescaling Formula holds for Koszul (in particular, for
supersolvable) arrangements, as well as for links with connected linking graph.
On the other hand, for generic arrangements the Rescaling Formula fails (due to
the non-coformality of the rescaled complement, detected by higher-order
Whitehead products), while for links, the Malcev Formula can fail (due to the
non-formality of the link complement, detected by Campbell-Hausdorff
invariants), even when the Rescaling Formula does hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3070 </DOCNO>
Quantum Annealing of a Disordered Magnet


  Traditional simulated annealing utilizes thermal fluctuations for convergence
in optimization problems. Quantum tunneling provides a different mechanism for
moving between states, with the potential for reduced time scales. We compare
thermal and quantum annealing in a model disordered Ising magnet,
Li\sub{Ho}{0.44}\sub{Y}{0.56}\sub{F}{4}, where the effects of quantum mechanics
can be tuned in the laboratory by varying a magnetic field applied transverse
to the Ising axis. Our results indicate that quantum annealing indeed hastens
convergence to the optimum state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87220 </DOCNO>
Possible Cosmological Implications of Time Varying Fine Structure


  We make use of Dirac LNH and results for a time varying fine structure
constant in order to derive possible laws of variation for speed of light, the
number of nucleons in the Universe, energy density and gravitational constant.
By comparing with experimental bounds on G variation, we find that the
deceleration paramenter of the present Universe is negative. This is coherent
with recent Supernovae observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95750 </DOCNO>
The $\ell ^{1}$-index of Tsirelson type spaces


  If \alpha and \beta are countable ordinals such that \beta \neq 0, denote by
\tilde{T}_{\alpha,\beta} the completion of $c_{00}$ with respect to the
implicitly defined norm ||x|| = max{||x||_{c_{0}}, 1/2 sup
\sum_{i=1}^{j}||E_{i}x||}, where the supremum is taken over all finite subsets
E_{1},...,E_{j} of $\mathbb{N}$ such that $E_{1}<...<E_{j}$ and {min
E_{1},...,min E_{j}} \in S_\beta. It is shown that the Bourgain
$\ell^{1}$-index of \tilde{T}_{\alpha,\beta} is \omega^{\alpha+\beta.\omega}.
In particular, if \alpha =\omega^{\alpha_{1}}. m_{1}+...+\omega^{\alpha_{n}}.
m_{n} in Cantor normal form and \alpha_{n} is not a limit ordinal, then there
exists a Banach space whose \ell^{1}-index is \omega^{\alpha}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97914 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Entropy, Topological Entropy and the Baum-Connes Conjecture


  We shall try to exhibit a relation between black hole entropy and topological
entropy using the famous Baum-Connes conjecture for foliated manifolds which
are particular examples of noncommutative spaces. Our argument is qualitative
and it is based on the microscopic origin of the Beckenstein-Hawking
area-entropy formula for black holes, provided by superstring theory, in the
more general noncommutative geometric context of M-Theory following the Connes-
Douglas-Schwarz article.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98570 </DOCNO>
Jacobians of singularized spectral curves and completely integrable


  We state two recent results concerning the linearization of integrable
systems on generalised Jacobians. Then we apply this to the (complexified)
spherical pendulum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75625 </DOCNO>
Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays as Probes of New Physics


  Cosmic high energy neutrinos are inextricably linked to the origin of cosmic
rays which is one of the major unresolved questions in astrophysics. In
particular, the highest energy cosmic rays observed possess macroscopic
energies and their origin is likely to be associated with the most energetic
processes in the Universe. Their existence triggered a flurry of theoretical
explanations ranging from conventional shock acceleration to particle physics
beyond the Standard Model and processes taking place at the earliest moments of
our Universe. Furthermore, many new experimental activities promise a
considerable increase of statistics at the highest energies and a combination
with gamma-ray and neutrino astrophysics will put strong constraints on these
theoretical models. The detection of ultra high energy neutrinos in particular
is made likely by new experimental techniques and will open an important new
channel. We give an overview over this quickly evolving field with special
emphasize on new experimental ideas and possibilities for probing new physics
beyond the electroweak scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128009 </DOCNO>
Resolving the compact HII regions in N160A with HST


  Using high-resolution imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope, we study the
Large Magellanic Cloud HII region N160A and uncover several striking features
of this complex massive star-forming site. The two compact high excitation HII
blobs (HEBs) A1 and A2 are for the first time resolved and their stellar
content and morphology is revealed. A1, being of higher excitation, is powered
by a single massive star whose strong wind has created a surrounding bubble. A2
harbors several exciting stars enshrouded inside large quantities of dust. The
whole N160A nebula is energized by three star clusters for which we obtain
photometry and study their color-magnitude diagram. The HII region is
particularly dusty, with extinction values reaching an A_v~2.5 mag in the
visible, and it is separated from the molecular cloud by an outstanding
ionization front. A previously detected infrared young stellar object is also
accurately located with respect to the HII region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129472 </DOCNO>
Environs of Bilateral Supernova Remnants with Neutron Stars


  We report on Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) HI observations carried
out in the direction of bilateral supernova remnants (SNRs) with associated
neutron stars: G296.5+10.0 and G320.4--1.2, in a search for the origin of such
morphology. From these studies we conclude that in the case of G296.5+10.0,
located far from the Galactic plane, the HI distribution has not influenced the
present morphology of the SNR. In the case of G320.4--1.2, evolving in a denser
medium, the combined action of the central pulsar, PSR B1509-58, with the
peculiar distribution of the surrounding medium, has determined the observed
characteristics of the SNR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124821 </DOCNO>
Status of MAGIC and Expected Capabilities


  An overview of the status of the 17 m diameter MAGIC telescope project will
be given. During phase I, the telescope will reach a threshold of 30 GeV and a
sensitivity of 6.0 10$^{-11}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. First light is foreseen in
mid 2001 and first observations in 2002. The expected capabilities of the
telescope for high energy astrophysics and fundamental physics will be
reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167952 </DOCNO>
Individual consistency of 2-events quantum histories


  We introduce a new notion of consistency for 2-events quantum histories,
based on the concept of mirror projection. Contrary to all notions of
consistency so far introduced, our consistency, named self-decoherence, is an
individual property, i.e., it can be attributed to every single sample of the
physical system. Furthermore, self-decoherence forbids contrary inferences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74696 </DOCNO>
$D_s$ decays to $\eta$ and $\eta^\prime$ final states: a


  We consider the semileptonic and nonleptonic $D_s$ decay modes to final
states with $\eta$ and $\eta^\prime$. We use QCD sum rules to determine the
$D_s \to \eta$ form factor $f_+^\eta$, and a generalized factorization ansatz
to compute nonleptonic decays. We propose a parameterization of possible OZI
suppressed contributions producing the $\eta^\prime$ in the final state,
compatible with current data; such a scheme can be further constrained
improving the precision of the measurement of the $D_s$ decay rates, as
expected by the ongoing experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113519 </DOCNO>
Quantum Ground State and Minimum Emittance of a Fermionic Particle Beam


  In the usual parameter regime of accelerator physics, particle ensembles can
be treated as classical. If we approach a regime where
$\epsilon_x\epsilon_y\epsilon_s \approx N_{particles}\lambda_{Compton}^3\$,
however, the granular structure of quantum-mechanical phase space becomes a
concern. In particular, we have to consider the Pauli exclusion principle,
which will limit the minimum achievable emittance for a beam of fermions. We
calculate these lowest emittances for the cases of bunched and coasting beams
at zero temperature and their first-order change rate at finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4676 </DOCNO>
Mode coupling theory for multi-point and multi-time correlation


  We present a theoretical framework for higher-order correlation functions
involving multiple times and multiple points in a classical, many-body system.
Such higher-order correlation functions have attracted much interest recently
in the context of various forms of multi-dimensional spectroscopy, and have
found an intriguing application as proposed measures of dynamical
heterogeneities in structural glasses. The theoretical formalism is based upon
projection operator techniques which are used to isolate the slow time
evolution of dynamical variables by expanding the slowly-evolving component of
arbitrary variables in an infinite, ``multi-linear'' basis composed of the
products of slow variables of the system. Using the formalism, a formally exact
mode coupling theory is derived for multi-point and multi-time correlation
functions. The resulting expressions for higher-order correlation functions are
made tractable by applying a rigorous perturbation scheme, called the
N-ordering method, which is exact for systems with finite correlation lengths
in the thermodynamic limit. The theory is contrasted with standard mode
coupling theories in which the noise or fluctuating force appearing in the
generalized Langevin equation is assumed to be Gaussian, and it is demonstrated
that the non-Gaussian nature of the fluctuating forces leads to important
contributions to higher-order correlation functions. Finally, the higher-order
correlation functions are evaluated analytically for an ideal gas system for
which it is shown that the mode coupling theory is exact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86965 </DOCNO>
A note on the uniqueness of D=4 N=1 Supergravity


  We investigate in 4 spacetime dimensions, all the consistent deformations of
the lagrangian ${\cal L}_2+{\cal L}_{{3/2}}$, which is the sum of the
Pauli-Fierz lagrangian ${\cal L}_2$ for a free massless spin 2 field and the
Rarita-Schwinger lagrangian ${\cal L}_{{3/2}}$ for a free massless spin 3/2
field. Using BRST cohomogical techniques, we show, under the assumptions of
locality, Poincar\'e invariance, conservation of the number of gauge symmetries
and the number of derivatives on each fields, that N=1 D=4 supergravity is the
only consistent interaction between a massless spin 2 and a massless spin 3/2
field. We do not assume general covariance. This follows automatically, as does
supersymmetry invariance. Various cohomologies related to conservations laws
are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179492 </DOCNO>
On the D-wave state component of the deuteron in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio


  The D-wave state component of the neutron-proton bound state in the deuteron
is calculated in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model of light nuclei - the
relativistically covariant quantum field theoretic approach to the description
of low-energy nuclear forces. The theoretical value of the fraction of the
D-wave state relative to the S-wave state is equal to eta_d = 0.0238. This
agrees well with the phenomenological value eta_d = 0.0256(4) quoted by
Kamionkowski and Bahcall (ApJ. 420, 884 (1994)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149020 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Born-Infeld Theory and String/M-Theory


  These notes provide a hopefully pedagogic introduction to Born-Infeld theory
and some of its uses in String/M-Theory from the perspective of some-one
interested in spacetime geometry. Causality and the consequences of having both
the open string and closed string metric are stressed. This leads to some new
insighst into old problems, such as strings at finite temperature. Various
strong coupling limits of both Born-Infeld and the M5-brane theories are
described and their relevance for tachyon condensations are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76797 </DOCNO>
Chirally symmetric quark description of low energy \pi-\pi scattering


  Weinberg's theorem for \pi-\pi scattering, including the Adler zero at
threshold in the chiral limit, is analytically proved for microscopic quark
models that preserve chiral symmetry. Implementing Ward-Takahashi identities,
the isospin 0 and 2 scattering lengths are derived in exact agreement with
Weinberg's low energy results. Our proof applies to alternative quark
formulations including the Hamiltonian and Euclidean space Dyson-Schwinger
approaches. Finally, the threshold \pi-\pi scattering amplitudes are calculated
using the Dyson-Schwinger equations in the rainbow-ladder truncation,
confirming the formal derivation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 740 </DOCNO>
Electron-correlation effects in appearance-potential spectra of Ni


  Spin-resolved and temperature-dependent appearance-potential spectra of
ferromagnetic Nickel are measured and analyzed theoretically. The Lander
self-convolution model which relates the line shape to the unoccupied part of
the local density of states turns out to be insufficient. Electron correlations
and orbitally resolved transition-matrix elements are shown to be essential for
a quantitative agreement between experiment and theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95919 </DOCNO>
Sheafifiable homotopy model categories


  If a Quillen model category can be specified using a certain logical syntax
(intuitively, ``is algebraic/combinatorial enough''), so that it can be defined
in any category of sheaves, then the satisfaction of Quillen's axioms over any
site is a purely formal consequence of their being satisfied over the category
of sets. Such data give rise to a functor from the category of topoi and
geometric morphisms to Quillen model categories and Quillen adjunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81261 </DOCNO>
The overlap operator as a continued fraction


  We use a continued fraction expansion of the sign-function in order to obtain
a five dimensional formulation of the overlap lattice Dirac operator. Within
this formulation the inverse of the overlap operator can be calculated by a
single Krylov space method where nested conjugate gradient procedures are
avoided. We show that the five dimensional linear system can be made well
conditioned using equivalence transformations on the continued fractions. This
is of significant importance when dynamical overlap fermions are simulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126006 </DOCNO>
Hidden Blazars and Emission Line Variability of High Redshift Quasars


  We have carried out a survey to search for hidden blazars in a sample of
$z{\sim}2$ radio-loud quasars. The idea is based on our prediction that we
should be able to see large CIV line variability not associated with observed
continuum variations or most other emission lines in every radio-loud quasar.
Here we report the initial results including the discovery of large CIV line
variations in two quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6165 </DOCNO>
Dynamics at T -> 0 in the half-integer isotropic high spin molecules


  We investigate the dynamical spin-spin auto-correlation function of the
isotropic high spin molecules CrCu$_{6}$ (S=9/2), CrNi$_{6}$ (S=15/2) and
CrMn$_{6}$ (S=27/2), using magnetization, $\mu$SR and NMR measurements. We find
that the field autocorrelation time $\tau$ of the molecule's spin at zero and
low fields is nearly temperature independent as $T\to 50$ mK. The high
temperatures $\tau$ is very different between the molecules. Surprisingly, it
is identical ($\sim$ 10 nsec) at low temperature. This suggests that $\tau$ is
governed by hyperfine interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72451 </DOCNO>
Sphalerons with Two Higgs Doublets


  We report on work studying the properties of the sphaleron in models of the
electroweak interactions with two Higgs doublets in as model-independent a way
as possible: by exploring the physical parameter space described by the masses
and mixing angles of the Higgs particles. If one of the Higgs particles is
heavy, there can be several sphaleron solutions, distinguished by their
properties under parity and the behaviour of the Higgs field at the origin. In
general, these solutions are not spherically symmetric, although the departure
from spherical symmetry is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5701 </DOCNO>
Defining statistical ensembles of random graphs


  The problem of defining a statistical ensemble of random graphs with an
arbitrary connectivity distribution is discussed. Introducing such an ensemble
is a step towards uderstanding the geometry of wide classes of graphs
independently of any specific model. This research was triggered by the recent
interest in the so-called scale-free networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76241 </DOCNO>
Trialogue on the number of fundamental constants


  This paper consists of three separate articles on the number of fundamental
dimensionful constants in physics. We started our debate in summer 1992 on the
terrace of the famous CERN cafeteria. In the summer of 2001 we returned to the
subject to find that our views still diverged and decided to explain our
current positions. LBO develops the traditional approach with three constants,
GV argues in favor of just two, while MJD advocates zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98969 </DOCNO>
Lie Point Symmetries and Commuting Flows for Equations on Lattices


  Different symmetry formalisms for difference equations on lattices are
reviewed and applied to perform symmetry reduction for both linear and
nonlinear partial difference equations. Both Lie point symmetries and
generalized symmetries are considered and applied to the discrete heat equation
and to the integrable discrete time Toda lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73438 </DOCNO>
Vacuum structure of spontaneously broken N=2 supersymmetric gauge theory


  We analyze the vacuum structure of spontaneously broken N=2 supersymmetric
gauge theory with the Fayet-Iliopoulos term. Our theory is based on the gauge
group SU(2) \times U(1) with N_f=1,2 massless quark hypermultiplets having the
same U(1) charges. In the classical potential, there are degenerate vacua even
in the absence of supersymmetry. It is shown that this vacuum degeneracy is
smoothed out, once quantum corrections are taken into account. In N_f=1 case,
the effective potential is found to be so-called runaway type, and there is
neither well-defined vacuum nor local minimum. On the other hand, in N_f=2
case, while there is also the runaway direction in the effective potential, we
find the possibility that there appears the local minimum with broken
supersymmetry at the degenerate dyon point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126112 </DOCNO>
NewtonPlus: Approximating Relativistic Effects in Supernova Simulations


  We propose an approximation to full relativity that captures the main
gravitational effects of dynamical importance in supernovae. The conceptual
link between this formalism and the Newtonian limit is such that it could
likely be implemented relatively easily in existing multidimensional Newtonian
gravitational hydrodynamics codes employing a Poisson solver. As a test of the
formalism's utility, we display results for rapidly rotating (and therefore
highly deformed) neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74368 </DOCNO>
Neutrino cross sections at high energies and the future observations of


  We show that future detectors of ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray neutrinos will
be able to measure neutrino-nucleon cross section at energies as high as
10^{11}GeV or higher. We find that the flux of up-going charged leptons per
unit surface area produced by neutrino interactions below the surface is
inversely proportional to the cross section. This contrasts with the rate of
horizontal air showers (HAS) due to neutrino interactions in the atmosphere,
which is proportional to the cross section. Thus, by comparing the HAS and
up-going air shower (UAS) rates, the neutrino-nucleon cross section can be
inferred. Taken together, up-going and horizontal rates ensure a healthy total
event rate, regardless of the value of the cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127732 </DOCNO>
Reconnection in pulsar winds


  The spin-down power of a pulsar is thought to be carried away in an MHD wind
in which, at least close to the star, the energy transport is dominated by
Poynting flux. The pulsar drives a low-frequency wave in this wind, consisting
of stripes of toroidal magnetic field of alternating polarity, propagating in a
region around the equatorial plane. The current implied by this configuration
falls off more slowly with radius than the number of charged particles
available to carry it, so that the MHD picture must, at some point, fail.
Recently, magnetic reconnection in such a structure has been shown to
accelerate the wind significantly. This reduces the magnetic field in the
comoving frame and, consequently, the required current, enabling the solution
to extend to much larger radius. This scenario is discussed and, for the Crab
Nebula, the range of validity of the MHD solution is compared with the radius
at which the flow appears to terminate. For sufficiently high particle
densities, it is shown that a low frequency entropy wave can propagate out to
the termination point. In this case, the "termination shock" itself must be
responsible for dissipating the wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1259 </DOCNO>
Zone-boundary excitations in coupled Haldane spin chain compounds


  Magnetic excitations in the quasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets
PbNi2V2O8 and SrNi2V2O8 are measured all the way up to the zone boundary energy
using inelastic neutron scattering from powder samples. An estimate for
next-nearest-neighbor in-chain interactions is obtained. The role played by
these interactions in spin-vacancy induced magnetic ordering in PbNi2V2O8 is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150232 </DOCNO>
New Superembeddings for Type II Superstrings


  Possible ways of generalization of the superembedding approach for the
supersurfaces with the number of Grassmann directions being less than the half
of that for the target superspace are considered on example of Type II
superstrings. Focus is on n=(1,1) superworldsheet embedded into D=10 Type II
superspace that is of the interest for establishing a relation with the NSR
string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125580 </DOCNO>
A Dynamical Mass Constraint for Pre-Main-Sequence Evolutionary Tracks:


  We present an astrometric/spectroscopic orbital solution for the
pre-main-sequence binary NTT 045251+3016. Our measurements for the primary and
secondary masses are 1.45 +/- 0.19 M_sun and 0.81 +/- 0.09 M_sun, respectively,
and 145 +/- 8 pc for the distance of the system, consistent with prior
estimates for the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. The evolutionary tracks of
D'Antona & Mazzitelli (1997), Baraffe et al. (1998), and Palla & Stahler (1999)
are tested against these dynamical mass measurements. Due to the intrinsic
color/T_eff variation within the K5 spectral class, each pre-main-sequence
model provides a mass range for the primary. The theoretical mass range derived
from the Baraffe et al. (1998) tracks that use a mixing length parameter
alpha=1.0 is closest to our measured primary mass, deviating between 1.3 and
1.6 sigma. The set of Baraffe et al. (1998) tracks that use alpha=1.9 deviate
between 1.6 and 2.1 sigma from our measured primary mass. The mass range given
by the Palla & Stahler (1999) tracks for the primary star deviate between 1.6
and 2.9 sigma. The D'Antona & Mazzitelli (1997) tracks give a mass range that
deviates by at least 3.0 sigma from our derived primary mass, strongly
suggesting that these tracks are inconsistent with our observation.
Observations of the secondary are less constraining than those of the primary,
but the deviations between the dynamical mass of the secondary and the mass
inferred for the secondary from the various pre-main-sequence tracks mirror the
deviations of the primary star. All of the pre-main-sequence tracks are
consistent with coevality of the components of NTT 045251+3016.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124315 </DOCNO>
RXTE Observations of Hercules X-1 During the July 1998 Short-high State


  We present RXTE monitoring of the eclipsing X-ray binary Hercules X-1
conducted over the short-high state of July 1998. This was one of the last
major short-high states before the source entered an anomalous low-state of
activity. A comparison with previous epochs finds no evidence for special
behavior during these observations. We determine orbital and pulsar spin
periods to facilitate measurements period derivatives during the subsequent
anomalous low state and during the next epoch of high-state activity.
Spectrally, the decay of the short-high state and concurrent pre-eclipse dips
are consistent with obscuration of a central X-ray source by a cloud of
non-uniform column density. The standard model of a warped accretion disk of
finite vertical scale height fits the characteristics of this absorber well.
Pre-eclipse dips have durations a factor of a few longer than the
characteristic durations of dips during main-high states. Pulse profile
structure increases in complexity towards the tail of the short-high state
suggesting changes in accretion curtain geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86824 </DOCNO>
Discrete Quantum Causal Dynamics


  We give a mathematical framework to describe the evolution of an open quantum
systems subjected to finitely many interactions with classical apparatuses. The
systems in question may be composed of distinct, spatially separated subsystems
which evolve independently but may also interact. This evolution, driven both
by unitary operators and measurements, is coded in a precise mathematical
structure in such a way that the crucial properties of causality, covariance
and entanglement are faithfully represented. We show how our framework may be
expressed using the language of (poly)categories and functors. Remarkably,
important physical consequences - such as covariance - follow directly from the
functoriality of our axioms.
  We establish strong links between the physical picture we propose and linear
logic. Specifically we show that the refined logical connectives of linear
logic can be used to describe the entanglements of subsystems in a precise way.
Furthermore, we show that there is a precise correspondence between the
evolution of a given system and deductions in a certain formal logical system
based on the rules of linear logic.
  This framework generalizes and enriches both causal posets and the histories
approach to quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126287 </DOCNO>
Summary: Clusters of Galaxies and the High Redshift Universe Observed in


  This Meeting featured the recent advancements in our understanding of galaxy
clusters and the distant Universe, achieved by the past and new generation of
X-ray satellites. I summarize here the main themes that have been discussed:
(a) Clusters of galaxies as probes of cosmological models; (b) The physics of
cosmic baryons trapped within the potential wells of galaxy clusters; (c) The
origin of the cosmic X-ray background and the nature of the contributing
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168823 </DOCNO>
A delayed-choice thought-experiment with later-time entanglement, and a


  It is possible to find the nonlocality type of correlations between particle
pairs retrospectively, matched with the outcomes of a future entangling
measurement. But this does not imply nonlocality in subensembles of product
pairs, nor does it imply an influence propagating backwards in time.
Nevertheless orthodox quantum mechanics does require dependency of an earlier
outcome on a future choice, provided we accept that non-commuting observables
cannot have simultaneous values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2432 </DOCNO>
Haldane Gapped Spin Chains: Exact Low Temperature Expansions of


  We study both the static and dynamic properties of gapped, one-dimensional,
Heisenberg, anti-ferromagnetic, spin chains at finite temperature through an
analysis of the O(3) non-linear sigma model. Exploiting the integrability of
this theory, we are able to compute an exact low temperature expansion of the
finite temperature correlators. We do so using a truncated `form-factor'
expansion and so provide evidence that this technique can be successfully
extended to finite temperature. As a direct test, we compute the static
zero-field susceptibility and obtain an exact match to the susceptibility
derived from the low temperature expansion of the exact free energy. We also
study transport properties, computing both the spin conductance and the
NMR-relaxation rate, 1/T_1. We find these quantities to show ballistic
behaviour. In particular, the computed spin conductance exhibits a non-zero
Drude weight at finite temperature and zero applied field. The physics thus
described differs from the spin diffusion reported by Takigawa et al. from
experiments on the Haldane gap material, AgVP_2S_6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96877 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on unilateral matrix equations


  We briefly review the results of our paper hep-th/0009013: we study certain
perturbative solutions of left-unilateral matrix equations. These are algebraic
equations where the coefficients and the unknown are square matrices of the
same order, or, more abstractly, elements of an associative, but possibly
noncommutative algebra, and all coefficients are on the left. Recently such
equations have appeared in a discussion of generalized Born-Infeld theories. In
particular, two equations, their perturbative solutions and the relation
between them are studied, applying a unified approach based on the generalized
Bezout theorem for matrix polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114150 </DOCNO>
A possible solution to the solar neutrino problem: Relativistic


  The relativistic corrections to the Maxwellian velocity distribution are
needed for standard solar models. Relativistic equilibrium velocity
distribution, if adopted in standard solar models, will lower solar neutrino
fluxes and change solar neutrino energy spectra but keep solar sound speeds. It
is possibly a solution to the solar neutrino problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124783 </DOCNO>
A Survey of the Northern Sky for TeV Point Sources


  A search for steady TeV point sources anywhere in the northern sky has been
made with data from the Milagrito air-shower-particle detector. Over 3 x 10**9
events collected from 1997 February to 1998 May have been used in this study.
No statistically significant excess above the background from the isotropic
flux of cosmic rays was found for any direction of the sky with declination
between -5 degrees and 71.7 degrees. Upper limits are derived for the photon
flux above 1 TeV from any steady point source in the northern sky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96469 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative Characteristic Polynomials and Cohn Localization


  Almkvist proved that for a commutative ring A the characteristic polynomial
of an endomorphism \alpha:P \to P of a finitely generated projective A-module
determines (P,\alpha) up to extensions. For a non-commutative ring A the
generalized characteristic polynomial of an endomophism \alpha : P \to P of a
finitely generated projective A-module is defined to be the Whitehead torsion
[1-x\alpha] \in K_1(A[[x]]), which is an equivalence class of formal power
series with constant coefficient 1.
  In this paper an example is given of a non-commutative ring A and an
endomorphism \alpha:P \to P for which the generalized characteristic polynomial
does not determine (P,\alpha) up to extensions. The phenomenon is traced back
to the non-injectivity of the natural map \Sigma^{-1}A[x] \to A[[x]], where
\Sigma^{-1}A[x] is the Cohn localization of A[x] inverting the set \Sigma of
matrices in A[x] sent to an invertible matrix by A[x] \to A; x \mapsto 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1693 </DOCNO>
Spinodal curve of a three-component molecular system


  We consider a lattice model for three-component systems in which the lattice
bonds are covered by molecules of type AA, BB, and AB, and the only
interactions are between the molecular ends of a common lattice site. The model
is equivalent to the standard Ising model, and the coexistence curves for
different lattices and/or some specific form of the interactions have been
previously investigated. We derive the spinodal curve of the three-component
model on the honeycomb lattice based on the mean-field and Bethe-lattice
results of the equivalent Ising model. The spinodal and the coexistence curves
of the ternary solution are drawn at different values of the reduced
temperature, the only parameter of the model. The particular case of a
two-component system is also illustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2119 </DOCNO>
Derivation of ARCH(1) process from market price changes based on


  A model of fluctuations in the market price including many deterministic
dealers, who predict their buying and selling prices from the latest price
change, is developed. We show that price changes of the model is approximated
by ARCH(1) process. We conclude that predictions of dealers affected by the
past price changes cause the fat tails of probability density function. We
believe that this study bridges stochastic processes in econometrics with
multi-agent simulation approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113457 </DOCNO>
K-shell dielectronic resonances in photoabsorption: differential


  Recently X-ray photoabsorption in KLL resonances of O VI was predicted
[Pradhan, Astrophys.J. Lett. 545, L165 (2000)], and detected by the Chandra
X-ray Observatory [Lee et al, Astrophys. J. {\it Lett.}, submitted].
  The required resonance oscillator strengths f_r, are evaluated in terms of
the differential oscillator strength df/de that relates bound and continuum
absorption. We present the f_r values from radiatively damped and undamped
photoionization cross sections for Li-like C,O, and Fe calculated using
relativistic close coupling Breit-Pauli R-matrix method. The KLL resonances of
interest here are: 1s2p (^3P^o) 2s [^4P^o_{1/2,3/2}, ^2P^o_{1/2,3/2}] and 1s2p
(^1P^o) 2s [^2P^o_{1/2,3/2}]. The KLL photoabsorption resonances in Fe XXIV are
fully resolved up to natural autoionization profiles for the first time. It is
demonstrated that the undamped f_r independently yield the resonance radiative
decay rates, and thereby provide a precise check on the resolution of
photoionization calculations in general. The predicted photoabsorption features
should be detectable by the X-ray space observatories and enable column
densities in highly ionized astrophysical plasmas to be determined from the
calculated f_r. The dielectronic satellites may appear as redward broadening of
resonances lines in emission and absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85683 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluctuations of vacuum stress tensors and spacetime curvatures


  We analyze the quantum fluctuations of vacuum stress tensors and spacetime
curvatures, using the framework of linear response theory which connects these
fluctuations to dissipation mechanisms arising when stress tensors and
spacetime metric are coupled. Vacuum fluctuations of spacetime curvatures are
shown to be a sum of two contributions at lowest orders; the first one
corresponds to vacuum gravitational waves and is restricted to light-like
wavevectors and vanishing Einstein curvature, while the second one arises from
gravity of vacuum stress tensors. From these fluctuations, we deduce noise
spectra for geodesic deviations registered by probe fields which determine
ultimate limits in length or time measurements. In particular, a relation
between noise spectra characterizing spacetime fluctuations and the number of
massless neutrino fields is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99076 </DOCNO>
The properties of the quantum supergroup $GL_{p,q}(1|1)$


  In this paper properties of the quantum supermatrices in the quantum
supergroup $GL_{p,q}(1|1)$ are discussed. It is shown that any element of
$GL_{p,q}(1|1)$ can be expressed as the exponential of a matrix of
non-commuting elements, like the group $GL_q(1|1)$. An explicit construction of
this exponential representation is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1875 </DOCNO>
Criticality in a model of banking crises


  An interbank market lets participants pool the risk arising from the
combination of illiquid investments and random withdrawals by depositors. But
it also creates the potential for one bank's failure to trigger off avalanches
of further failures. We simulate a model of interbank lending to study the
interplay of these two effects. We show that when banks are similar in size and
exposure to risk, avalanche effects are small so that widening the interbank
market leads to more stability. But as heterogeneity increases, avalanche
effects become more important. By varying the heterogeneity and connectivity
across banks, the system enters a critical regime with a power law distribution
of avalanche sizes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96274 </DOCNO>
Notes from the Underground: A Propos of Givental's Conjecture


  These brief notes record our puzzles and findings surrounding Givental's
recent conjecture which expresses higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants in
terms of the genus-0 data. We limit our considerations to the case of a
projective line, whose Gromov-Witten invariants are well-known and easy to
compute. We make some simple checks supporting his conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74863 </DOCNO>
Extragalactic Sources for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Nuclei


  In this article we examine the hypothesis that the highest energy cosmic rays
are complex nuclei from extragalactic sources. Under reasonable physical
assumptions, we show that the nearby metally rich starburst galaxies (M82 and
NGC 253) can produce all the events observed above the ankle. This requires
diffusion of particles below $10^{20}$ eV in extragalactic magnetic fields $B
\approx 15$ nG. Above $10^{19}$ eV, the model predicts the presence of
significant fluxes of medium mass and heavy nuclei with small rate of change of
composition. Notwithstanding, the most salient feature of the
starburst-hypothesis is a slight anisotropy induced by iron debris just before
the spectrum-cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41018 </DOCNO>
Decay-lepton angular asymmetries in polarized e+e- -> t tbar as a


  In the presence of an electric dipole coupling of the top quark to a photon,
and an analogous "weak" dipole coupling to the Z, CP violation in the process
e+e- -> t tbar leads to the polarization of the top and anti-top. This
polarization can be analyzed by studying the angular distributions of decay
charged leptons when the top or anti-top decays leptonically. We have obtained
analytic expressions for these distributions when either t or tbar decays
leptonically, including O(alpha_s) QCD corrections in the soft-gluon
approximation. The angular distributions are insensitive to anomalous
interactions in top decay. We study two types of simple CP-violating
polar-angle asymmetries and two azimuthal asymmetries which do not need the
full reconstruction of the t or tbar. We have evaluated independent 90% CL
limits that may be obtained on the real and imaginary parts of the electric and
weak dipole couplings at a linear collider operating at centre-of-mass energy
500 GeV with integrated luminosity 200 inverse fb and also at 1000 GeV with
integrated luminosity 1000 inverse fb. The effect of longitudinal beam
polarization has been included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127395 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectral Variability and Rapid Variability of the Soft X-ray


  The bright, soft X-ray spectrum Seyfert 1 galaxies Ark 564 and Ton S180 were
monitored for 35 days and 12 days with ASCA and RXTE (and EUVE for Ton S180).
The short time scale (hours-days) variability patterns were very similar across
energy bands, with no evidence of lags between any of the energy bands studied.
The fractional variability amplitude was almost independent of energy band. It
is difficult to simultaneously explain soft Seyferts stronger variability,
softer spectra, and weaker energy-dependence of the variability relative to
hard Seyferts. The soft and hard band light curves diverged on the longest time
scales probed, consistent with the fluctuation power density spectra that
showed relatively greater power on long time scales in the softest bands. The
simplest explanation is that a relatively hard, rapidly-variable component
dominates the total X-ray spectrum and a slowly-variable soft excess is present
in the lowest energy channels of ASCA. Although it would be natural to identify
the latter with an accretion disk and the former with a corona surrounding it,
a standard thin disk could not get hot enough to radiate significantly in the
ASCA band, and the observed variability time scales are much too short. The
hard component may have a more complex shape than a pure power-law. The most
rapid factor of 2 flares and dips occurred within ~1000 sec in Ark 564 and a
bit more slowly in Ton S180. The speed of the luminosity changes rules out
viscous or thermal processes and limits the size of the individual emission
regions to <~15 Schwarzschild radii (and probably much less), that is, to
either the inner disk or small regions in a corona.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96123 </DOCNO>
Contractions: Nijenhuis and Saletan tensors for general algebraic


  Generalizations in many directions of the contraction procedure for Lie
algebras introduced by E.J.Saletan are proposed. Products of arbitrary nature,
not necessarily Lie brackets, are considered on sections of finite-dimensional
vector bundles. Saletan contractions of such infinite-dimensional algebras are
obtained via a generalization of the Nijenhuis tensor approach. In particular,
this procedure is applied to Lie algebras, Lie algebroids, and Poisson
structures. There are also results on contractions of n-ary products and
coproducts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 222 </DOCNO>
Statistical Mechanics of the Self-Gravitating Gas: II. Local Physical


  We complete our study of the selfgravitating gas by computing the
fluctuations around the saddle point solution for the three statistical
ensembles. Although the saddle point is the same for the three ensembles, the
fluctuations change from one ensemble to another. The zeroes of the
fluctuations determinant determine the position of the critical points for each
ensemble.This yields the domains of validity of the mean field approach. Only
the S wave determinant exhibits critical points.Closed formulae for the S and P
wave determinants are derived.The local properties of the selfgravitating gas
in thermodynamic equilibrium are studied in detail. The pressure, energy
density, particle density and speed of sound are computed and analyzed as
functions of the position. The equation of state turns out to be locally p(r) =
T rho(r) as for the ideal gas. Starting from the partition function of the
selfgravitating gas, we prove in this microscopic calculation that the
hydrostatic description yielding locally the ideal gas equation of state is
exact in the N = infinity limit. The dilute nature of the thermodynamic
limit(N, L -> infinity with N/L fixed) together with the long range nature of
the gravitational forces play a crucial role in the obtention of such ideal gas
equation. The self-gravitating gas being inhomogeneous, we have PV/[NT] =
f(eta) leq 1 for any finite volume V. The inhomogeneous particle distribution
in the ground state suggests a fractal distribution with Haussdorf dimension D,
D is slowly decreasing with increasing density, 1 lesssim D < 3. The average
distance between particles is computed in Monte Carlo simulations
andanalytically in the mean field approach. A dramatic drop at the phase
transition is exhibited, clearly illustrating the properties of the collapse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4633 </DOCNO>
Stable Distributions in Stochastic Fragmentation


  We investigate a class of stochastic fragmentation processes involving stable
and unstable fragments. We solve analytically for the fragment length density
and find that a generic algebraic divergence characterizes its small-size tail.
Furthermore, the entire range of acceptable values of decay exponent consistent
with the length conservation can be realized. We show that the stochastic
fragmentation process is non-self-averaging as moments exhibit significant
sample-to-sample fluctuations. Additionally, we find that the distributions of
the moments and of extremal characteristics possess an infinite set of
progressively weaker singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123395 </DOCNO>
New emission phase of the Be/X-ray binary X Persei: nearly simultaneous


  We present a series of optical spectroscopic and near-infrared photometric
observations of the Be star X Persei, from the beginning of the recent emission
phase. Our data show that after the latest extended low state (ELS), both the
equivalent width (EW) of the H\alpha emission line and the JHK luminosities
gradually increased. The recent maximum H\alpha EW and JHK magnitudes are more
than but comparable to the 1986-1989 maxima, which reflects a more extensive
and denser envelope in the new emission phase.
  The IR photometry and the H\alpha EW increase coincidently in the early stage
of the new emission phase. However, the variations in the following years,
specially in 1994 and 1995, are much different from the early variations. An
unusual variation that while the H\alpha EW in X Per increases considerably,
the JHK magnitudes decline rapidly is seen in our nearly simultaneous
pectroscopic and near-infrared observations.
  An expanding ring model is put forward to interpret the observed unusual
variations between the H\alpha EW and near-IR luminosity during the recent
emission phase of X Persei. Our results indicate that although both infrared
excess and H\alpha emission line arise from the envelope, their main
ontributors, in some cases, are likely to originate in the different part of
the envelope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5364 </DOCNO>
Structural and electronic properties of the sodium tetrasilicate glass


  The structure and the electronic properties of a sodium tetrasilicate
(Na${}_2$Si${}_4$O${}_9$) glass were studied by combined Car-Parrinello and
classical molecular-dynamics simulations. The glass sample was prepared using a
method employed recently in a study of a silica glass [M. Benoit {\it et al},
Euro. Phys. J. B {\bf 13}, 631 (2000)]. First we generated a NS4 glass by
classical molecular-dynamics and then we took it as the initial configuration
of a first-principles molecular-dynamics simulation. In the {\it ab initio}
molecular-dynamics simulation, the electronic structure was computed in the
framework of the Kohn-Sham density functional theory within the generalized
gradient approximation using a B-LYP functional. The Car-Parrinello dynamics is
remarkably stable during the considered trajectory and, as soon as it is swit
ched on, some significant structural changes occur. The {\it ab initio}
description improves the comparison of the structural characteristics with
experimental data, in particular concerning the Si-O and Na-O bond lengths.
  From an electronic point of view, we find that the introduction of the sodium
oxide in the silica network lowers the band gap and leads to a highly
non-localized effect on the charges of the network atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 255 </DOCNO>
Charge-ordering quantum criticality in the phase diagram of the cuprates


  We discuss how the quantum-critical-point scenario for high-T_c
superconductors with density-driven charge order or stripe formation finds
support from recent EXAFS experiments. Our phase diagram has the interesting
feature, which is also suggested by the EXAFS experiments, that some cuprates
may not show well-formed stripe phase. We also consider the extensions of the
scenario to include the interesting possibility of first-order transitions
which call for further experimental and theoretical investigation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3808 </DOCNO>
Motion in a Bose condensate: IX. Crow instability of antiparallel vortex


  The Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation admits a two-dimensional solitary wave
solution representing two mutually self-propelled, anti-parallel straight line
vortices. The complete sequence of such solitary wave solutions has been
computed by Jones and Roberts (J. Phys. A, 15, 2599, 1982). These solutions are
unstable with respect to three-dimensional perturbations (the Crow
instability). The most unstable mode has a wavelength along the direction of
the vortices of the same order as their separation. The growth rate associated
with this mode is evaluated here, and it is found to increase very rapidly with
decreasing separation. It is shown, through numerical integrations of the GP
equation that, as the perturbations grow to finite amplitude, the lines
reconnect to produce a sequence of almost circular vortex rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 563 </DOCNO>
Pumped current and voltage for an adiabatic quantum pump


  We consider adiabatic pumping of electrons through a quantum dot. There are
two ways to operate the pump: to create a dc current ${\bar I}$ or to create a
dc voltage ${\bar V}$. We demonstrate that, for very slow pumping, ${\bar I}$
and ${\bar V}$ are not simply related via the dc conductance $G$ as $\bar I =
\bar V G$. For the case of a chaotic quantum dot, we consider the statistical
distribution of ${\bar V} G - {\bar I}$. Results are presented for the limiting
cases of a dot with single channel and with multichannel point contacts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123553 </DOCNO>
Early Chandra X-ray Observations of Eta Carinae


  Sub-arcsecond resolution Chandra observations of Eta Carinae reveal a 40
arcsec X 70 arcsec ring or partial shell of X-ray emission surrounding an
unresolved, bright, central source. The spectrum of the central source is
strongly absorbed and can be fit with a high-temperature thermal continuum and
emission lines. The surrounding shell is well outside the optical/IR bipolar
nebula and is coincident with the Outer Shell of Eta Carinae. The X-ray
spectrum of the Shell is much softer than that of the central source. The X-ray
Shell is irregular and only correlates well with optical features where a
bright X-ray knot coincides with a bright feature of the Outer Shell.
Implications for the binary model of the central source are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149157 </DOCNO>
Improving the Vakulenko-Kapitanskii type inequality for Hopfions


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86933 </DOCNO>
Computational cost for detecting inspiraling binaries using a network of


  We extend a coherent network data-analysis strategy developed earlier for
detecting Newtonian waveforms to the case of post-Newtonian (PN) waveforms.
Since the PN waveform depends on the individual masses of the inspiraling
binary, the parameter-space dimension increases by one from that of the
Newtonian case. We obtain the number of templates and estimate the
computational costs for PN waveforms: For a lower mass limit of a solar mass,
for LIGO-I noise, and with 3% maximum mismatch, the online computational speed
requirement for single detector is a few Gflops; for a two-detector network it
is hundreds of Gflops and for a three-detector network it is tens of Tflops.
Apart from idealistic networks, we obtain results for realistic networks
comprising of LIGO and VIRGO. Finally, we compare costs incurred in a
coincidence detection strategy with those incurred in the coherent strategy
detailed above.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168863 </DOCNO>
Decoherence-induced wave packet splitting


  We provide an intuitive interpretation of the optical Stern-Gerlach effect
(OSGE) in the dressed-state point of view. We also analyze the effect of atomic
damping in an experiment on the OSGE. We show that the atomic damping also
causes the wave packet splitting, in a non-mechanical fashion, as opposed to
the coherent process that is mechanical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74557 </DOCNO>
Flavor without Flavor Symmetry


  Non-trivial patterns of quark and lepton masses and mixings can arise without
there being any underlying flavor symmetry that distinguishes among the three
families. Two realistic examples are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149319 </DOCNO>
Bulk Quantization of Gauge Theories: Confined and Higgs Phases


  We deepen the understanding of the quantization of the Yang-Mills field by
showing that the concept of gauge fixing in 4 dimensions is replaced in the
5-dimensional formulation by a procedure that amounts to an $A$-dependent gauge
transformation. The 5-dimensional formulation implements the restriction of the
physical 4-dimensional gluon field to the Gribov region, while being a local
description that is under control of BRST symmetries both of topological and
gauge type. The ghosts decouple so the Euclidean probability density is
everywhere positive, in contradistinction to the Faddeev-Popov method for
which the determinant changes sign outside the Gribov region. We include in our
discussion the coupling of the gauge theory to a Higgs field, including the
case of spontaneously symmetry breaking. We introduce a minimizing functional
on the gauge orbit that could be of interest for numerical gauge fixing in the
simulations of spontaneously broken lattice gauge theories. Other new results
are displayed, such as the identification of the Schwinger-Dyson equation of
the five dimensional formulation in the (singular) Landau gauge with that of
the ordinary Faddeev-Popov formulation, order by order in perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6003 </DOCNO>
Josephson Vortex States in Intermediate Fields


  Motivated by recent resistance data in high $T_c$ superconductors in fields
{\it parallel} to the CuO layers, we address two issues on the Josephson-vortex
phase diagram, the appearances of structural transitions on the observed first
order transition (FOT) curve in intermediate fields and of a lower critical
point of the FOT line. It is found that some rotated pinned solids are more
stable than the ordinary rhombic pinned solids with vacant interlayer spacings
and that, due to the vertical portion in higher fields of the FOT line, the FOT
tends to be destroyed by creating a lower critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1621 </DOCNO>
Computer simulation of fluid phase transitions


  The task of accurately locating fluid phase boundaries by means of computer
simulation is hampered by problems associated with sampling both coexisting
phases in a single simulation run. We explain the physical background to these
problems and describe how they can be tackled using a synthesis of biased Monte
Carlo sampling and histogram extrapolation methods, married to a standard fluid
simulation algorithm. It is demonstrated that the combined approach provides a
powerful method for tracing fluid phase boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3187 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic critical phenomena in parabolic geometries: the directed


  The critical behaviour of directed self-avoiding walks is studied on
parabolic-like systems with a free boundary at x=\pm Ct^\alpha. Using a scaling
argument, 1/C is shown to be a marginal variable when
\alpha=\nu_\perp/\nu_\parallel=1/2, i.e., on a parabola. As a consequence the
directed walk may display varying local exponents. Such a behaviour is indeed
observed for restricted walks. This generalizes a result of Cardy showing that
nonuniversal behaviour occurs at corners for isotropic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6813 </DOCNO>
Effect of the Kondo correlation on Shot Noise in a Quantum Dot


  The current noise in a quantum dot coupled to two leads is investigated in
the Kondo regime with and without the influence of magnetic fields by employing
a finite-$U$ slave-boson mean field theory to calculate the current-current
correlation function at zero temperature. The numerical results show that,
depending on the energy level of the QD the Coulomb interactin may reduce or
enhance the zero-frequency shot noise power spectrum in comparison with that
without Coulomb interaction. But the Fano factor is always reduced
significantly due to the Kondo-correlation effect, and the most pronounced
suppression appears at the electron-hole symmetry case $2\epsilon_d+U=0$. In
addition, the application of a magnetic field enhance the Fano factor of the
shot noise at small external voltage, which is attributed to the reduction of
the Kondo-enhanced density-of-state and transmission probability in a quantum
dot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86777 </DOCNO>
Static charged fluid spheres in general relativity


  Interior perfect fluid solutions for the Reissner-Nordstrom metric are
studied on the basis of a new classification scheme. It specifies which two of
the fluid's characteristics are given functions and picks up accordingly one of
the three main field equations, the other two being universal. General formulae
are found for charged de Sitter solutions, the case of constant energy
component of the energy-momentum tensor, the case of known pressure (including
charged dust) and the case of linear equation of state. Explicit new global
solutions, mainly in elementary functions, are given as illustrations. Known
solutions are briefly reviewed and corrected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179451 </DOCNO>
Inelastic scattering of protons from $^{6,8}$He and $^{7,11}$Li in a


  The proton-inelastic scattering from $^{6,8}$He and $^{7,11}$Li nuclei are
studied in a folding model approach. A finite-range, momentum, density and
isospin dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction (SBM) is folded with realistic
density distributions of the above nuclei. The renormalization factors N$_R$
and N$_I$ on the real and volume imaginary part of the folded potentials are
obtained by analyzing the respective elastic scattering data and kept unaltered
for the inelastic analysis at the same energy. The form factors are generated
by taking derivatives of the folded potentials and therefore required
renormalizations. The $\beta$ values are extracted by fitting the p +
$^{6,8}$He,$^{7,11}$Li inelastic angular distributions. The present analysis of
p + $^8$He inelastic scattering to the 3.57 MeV excited state, including
unpublished forward angle data (RIKEN) confirms L = 2 transition. Similar
analysis of the p + $^6$He inelastic scattering angular distribution leading to
the 1.8 MeV (L = 2) excited state fails to satisfactorily reproduce the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149138 </DOCNO>
Large Mass Invariant Asymptotics of the Effective Action


  We study the large mass asymptotics of the Dirac operator with a
nondegenerate mass matrix m={diag}(m_1,m_2,m_3) in the presence of scalar and
pseudoscalar background fields taking values in the Lie algebra of the U(3)
group. The corresponding one-loop effective action is regularized by the
Schwinger's proper-time technique. Using a well-known operator identity, we
obtain a series representation for the heat kernel which differs from the
standard proper-time expansion, if m_1\ne m_2\ne m_3. After integrating over
the proper-time we use a new algorithm to resum the series. The invariant
coefficients which define the asymptotics of the effective action are
calculated up to the fourth order and compared with the related Seeley-DeWitt
coefficients for the particular case of a degenerate mass matrix with
m_1=m_2=m_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41545 </DOCNO>
Radiative Decay Width Measurements of Neutral Kaon Excitations Using the


  We produce a sample consisting of 147 candidate events, with minimal
backgrounds, of the mixed axial vector pair K1(1270)-K1(1400) by exciting Kl's
in the Coulomb field of lead and report the first measurements of the radiative
widths Gamma_r(K1(1400)) = 280.8+-23.2(stat)+-40.4(syst) keV and
Gamma_r(K1(1270)) = 73.2+- 6.1(stat)+-28.3(syst) keV. We also place 90% CL
upper limits Gamma_r(K*(1410)) < 52.9 keV for the vector state and
Gamma_r(K2*(1430)) < 5.4 keV for the tensor state. These measurements allow for
significant tests of quark-model predictions of radiative widths for the
low-lying vector mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149117 </DOCNO>
Brane-Antibrane Systems at Finite Temperature and the Entropy of Black


  We consider D-brane/anti-D-brane systems at T>0. Starting at the closed
string vacuum, we argue that a finite temperature leads to the reappearance of
open string degrees of freedom. We also show that, at a sufficiently large
temperature, the open string vacuum becomes stable. Building upon this
observation and previous work by Horowitz, Maldacena and Strominger, we
formulate a microscopic brane-antibrane model for the non-extremal black
three-brane in ten dimensions (as well as for the black two- and five-branes in
eleven dimensions). Under reasonable assumptions, and using known results from
the AdS/CFT correspondence, the microscopic entropy agrees with the
supergravity result up to a factor of 2^(p/p+1), with p the dimension of the
brane. The negative specific heat and pressure of the black brane have a simple
interpretation in terms of brane-antibrane annihilation. We also find in the
model states resembling black holes and other lower-dimensional black branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3721 </DOCNO>
Critical exponents of a three dimensional weakly diluted quenched Ising


  We discuss universal and non-universal critical exponents of a three
dimensional Ising system in the presence of weak quenched disorder. Both
experimental, computational, and theoretical results are reviewed. Special
attention is paid to the results obtained by the field theoretical
renormalization group approach. Different renormalization schemes are
considered putting emphasis on analysis of divergent series obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129548 </DOCNO>
Studying the LSS through weak gravitational lensing maps


  Weak gravitational lensing is a promising tool for the study of the mass
distribution in the Universe. Here we report some partial results that show how
lensing maps can be used to differentiate between cosmological models. We pay
special attention to the role of noise and smoothing. As an application, we use
mock convergence fields constructed from N-body simulations of the large-scale
structure for three historically important cosmological models. Various map
analyses are used, including Minkowski functionals, and their ability to
differentiate the models is calculated and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85859 </DOCNO>
On time evolution of quantum black holes


  The time evolution of black holes involves both the canonical equations of
quantum gravity and the statistical mechanics of Hawking radiation, neither of
which contains a time variable. In order to introduce the time, we apply the
semiclassical approximation to the Hamiltonian constraint on the apparent
horizon and show that, when the backreaction is included, it suggests the
existence of a long-living remnant, similarly to what is obtained in the
microcanonical picture for the Hawking radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113819 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Bessel beams, signals and superluminality


  We address the question about the velocity of signals carried by Bessel beams
wave packets propagating in vacuum and having well defined wavefronts in time.
We find that this problem is analogous to that of propagation of usual plane
wave packets within dispersive media and conclude that the signal velocity can
not be superluminal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126787 </DOCNO>
Suppression of Gravitational Structure Formation by Cosmological


  As increasingly precise information about the spectrum of the cosmic
microwave background fluctuations is gathered with balloon and satellite
experiments, interest has grown in foreground sources of opacity affecting
these observations. One potentially important source is electron scattering
produced by a post-recombination luminosity source, which would significantly
attenuate the higher harmonics in the spectrum. If such an ionization source
exists, then it would also heat the universe, hence increasing the Jeans mass
and suppressing early gravitational structure formation. Here we consider the
effects of such heating. We concentrate on one type of ionization source:
luminosity generated by accretion onto primordial compact objects. We show that
if such objects generate enough luminosity to affect the CMB power spectrum,
then they would produce enough heat to prevent the formation of 1 sigma
collapsed objects until redshifts of about 5, significantly less than the
redshift at which baryonic collapse could otherwise occur. Such processes would
leave signatures detectable by upcoming instruments such as NGST, SIRTF, and
SWIFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96139 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic pryms and Hodge classes


  Abelian varieties of dimension 2n on which a definite quaternion algebra acts
are parametrized by symmetrical domains of dimension n(n-1)/2. Such abelian
varieties have primitive Hodge classes in the middle dimensional cohomology
group. In general, it is not clear that these are cycle classes. In this paper
we show that a particular 6-dimensional family of such 8-folds are Prym
varieties and we use the method of C. Schoen to show that all Hodge classes on
the general abelian variety in this family are algebraic. We also consider
Hodge classes on certain 5-dimensional subfamilies and relate these to the
Hodge conjecture for abelian 4-folds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97804 </DOCNO>
Second order casimirs for the affine Krichever--Novikov algebras


  The second order casimirs for the affine Krichever--Novikov algebras
$\hat{\mathfrak{gl}}_{g,2}$ and $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}_{g,2}$ are described. More
general operators which we call semi-casimirs are introduced. It is proven that
the semi-casimirs induce well-defined operators on conformal blocks and, for a
certain moduli space of Riemann surfaces with two marked points and fixed jets
of local coordinates, there is a natural projection of its tangent space onto
the space of these operators. It is (non-formally) explained how semi-casimirs
appear in course of operator quantization of the second order Hitchin
integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5045 </DOCNO>
Quantum effects on curve crossing in a Bose-Einstein condensate


  Formation of atomic pairs by the dissociation of a molecular condensate or by
inelastic collisions in an atomic condensate due to a time-dependent curve
crossing process is studied beyond the mean-field approximation. The number of
atoms formed by the spontaneous process is described by a Landau-Zener formula
multiplied by an exponential amplification factor due to quantum many-body
effects. The atomic pairs are formed in an entangled (squeezed) state. The rate
of stimulated processes depends on the relative phase of the two fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74207 </DOCNO>
Discovery potential of charged Higgs at LHC in H+- ->tau nu decays


  The discovery potential of charged Higgs from pp->tH+- in the H+- -> tau nu
decay channel is investigated in CMS and ATLAS. For m_H>m_t, the most relevant
channels are H+- -> tb and H+- -> tau nu. Whereas the former has the largest
branching ratio it suffers of large irreducible backgrounds, while the latter
offers a very clean enviroment when appropriate cuts are used. Making use of
the tau polarization effects, in the purely hadronic final states an almost
background-free signal is selected. The expected discovery range is evaluated
for CMS and ATLAS with 30 fb^-1 each in the low luminosity running conditions
and the combined results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5947 </DOCNO>
2D superconductivity with strong spin-orbit interaction


  We consider superconductivity confined at a two-dimensional interface with a
strong surface spin-orbit (Rashba) interaction. Some peculiar properties of
this system are investigated. In particular, we show that an in-plane Zeeman
field can induce a supercurrent flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4686 </DOCNO>
Frenet algorithm for simulations of fluctuating continuous elastic


  We present a new algorithm for generating the equilibrium configurations of
fluctuating continuous elastic filaments, based on a combination of statistical
mechanics and differential geometry. We use this to calculate the distribution
function of the end-to-end distance of filaments with nonvanishing spontaneous
curvature and show that for small twist and large bending rigidities, there is
an intermediate temperature range in which the filament becomes nearly
completely stretched. We show that volume interactions can be incorporated into
our algorithm, demonstrating this through the calculation of the effect of
excluded volume on the end-to-end distance of the filament.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113835 </DOCNO>
Relativistic photoionization cross sections for C II


  High resolution measurements of photoionization cross sections for atomic
ions are now being made on synchrotron radiation sources. The recent
measurements by Kjeldsen etal. (1999) showed good agreement between the
observed resonance features and the the theoretical calculations in the close
coupling approximation (Nahar 1995). However, there were several observed
resonances that were missing in the theoretical predictions. The earlier
theoretical calculation was carried out in LS coupling where the relativistic
effects were not included. Present work reports photoionization cross sections
including the relativistic effects in Breit-Pauli R-matrix (BPRM)
approximation. The configuration interaction eigenfunction expansion for the
core ion C III consists of 20 fine structure levels dominated by the
configurations from 1s^22s^2 to 1s^22s3d. Detailed features in the calculated
cross sections exhibit the missing resonances due to fine structure. The
results benchmark the accuracy of BPRM photoionization cross sections as needed
for recent and ongoing experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123436 </DOCNO>
Local Group Velocity Versus Gravity: Nonlinear Effects


  We use numerical simulations to study the relation between the velocity of
the Local Group and its gravitational acceleration. This relation serves as a
test for the kinematic origin of the CMB dipole and as a method for estimating
beta. We calculate the misalignment angle between the two vectors and compare
it to the observed value for the PSCz survey. The latter value is near the
upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the angle; therefore, the
nonlinear effects are unlikely to be responsible for the whole observed
misalignment. We also study the relation between the amplitudes of the LG
velocity and gravity vectors. In an Omega=1 Universe, the smoothed gravity of
the LG turns out to be a biased low estimator of the LG (unsmoothed) velocity.
In an Omega=0.3 Universe, the estimator is biased high. The discussed biases
are, however, only a few per cent, thus the linear theory works to good
accuracy. The gravity-based estimator of the LG velocity has also a scatter
that limits the precision of the estimate of beta in the LG velocity-gravity
comparisons. The random error of beta due to nonlinear effects amounts to
several per cent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 766 </DOCNO>
Random Matrix Theory and the Failure of Macroeconomic Forecasts


  By scientific standards, the accuracy of short-term economic forecasts has
been poor, and shows no sign of improving over time. We form a delay matrix of
time-series data on the overall rate of growth of the economy, with lags
spanning the period over which any regularity of behaviour is postulated by
economists to exist. We use methods of random matrix theory to analyse the
correlation matrix of the delay matrix. This is done for annual data from 1871
to 1994 for 17 economies, and for post-war quarterly data for the US and the
UK. The properties of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of these correlation
matrices are similar, though not identical, to those implied by random matrix
theory. This suggests that the genuine information content in economic growth
data is low, and so forecasting failure arises from inherent properties of the
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95748 </DOCNO>
Multilateral transformations of q-series with quotients of parameters


  We give multidimensional generalizations of several transformation formulae
for basic hypergeometric series of a specific type. Most of the upper
parameters of the series differ multiplicatively from corresponding lower
parameters by a nonnegative integer power of the base q. In one dimension,
formulae for such series have been found, in the q -> 1 case, by B. M. Minton
and P. W. Karlsson, and in the basic case by G. Gasper, by W. C. Chu, and more
recently by the author. Our identities involve multilateral basic
hypergeometric series associated to the root system A_r (or equivalently, the
unitary group U(r+1)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113860 </DOCNO>
An ultrahigh-Q microsphere laser based on the evanescent-wave-coupled


  We have demonstrated an ultrahigh-Q whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microsphere
laser based on the evanescent-wave-coupled gain. Dye molecules outside the
sphere near the equator were excited, resulting in WGM lasing in the lowest
radial mode order. The loaded quality factor of the lasing WGM was 8(2)\times
10^9, the highest ever achieved in the microlaser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127783 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton observations of the cluster of galaxies Abell496


  The results from XMM-Newton observations of the relaxed cluster of galaxies
Abell~496 are presented. The spatially-resolved X-ray spectra taken by the
European Photon Imaging Cameras show a temperature drop and a Fe abundance
increase in the intra-cluster medium (ICM) towards the cD galaxy at the cluster
center. The abundances of Si and S also show a central enhancement. High
resolution soft X-ray spectra obtained with the Reflection Grating
Spectrometers provides a strong constraint on the temperature structure in the
central cool plasma. Furthermore, the O abundance at the cluster core is
accurately measured based on the OVIII Ly alpha line detected with the RGS.
Contrary to the Si, S, and Fe abundances, the O abundance is radially constant
over the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73269 </DOCNO>
p_T-fluctuations in high-energy p-p and A-A collisions


  The event-by-event p_T-fluctuations in proton-proton and central Pb-Pb
collisions, which have been experimentally studied by means of the so-called
Phi-measure, are analyzed. The contribution due to the correlation which
couples the average p_T to the event multiplicity is computed. The correlation
appears to be far too weak to explain the preliminary experimental value of Phi
(p_T) in p-p interactions. The significance of the result is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98776 </DOCNO>
On the propagation of semiclassical Wigner functions


  We establish the difference between the propagation of semiclassical Wigner
functions and classical Liouville propagation. First we re-discuss the
semiclassical limit for the propagator of Wigner functions, which on its own
leads to their classical propagation. Then, via stationary phase evaluation of
the full integral evolution equation, using the semiclassical expressions of
Wigner functions, we provide the correct geometrical prescription for their
semiclassical propagation. This is determined by the classical trajectories of
the tips of the chords defined by the initial semiclassical Wigner function and
centered on their arguments, in contrast to the Liouville propagation which is
determined by the classical trajectories of the arguments themselves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149572 </DOCNO>
M-Fivebranes Wrapped on Supersymmetric Cycles II


  We construct D=11 supergravity solutions dual to the twisted field theories
arising when M-theory fivebranes wrap supersymmetric cycles. The cases
considered are M-fivebranes wrapped on (i) a complex Lagrangian four-cycle in a
D=8 hyper-Kaehler manifold corresponding to a D=2 field theory with (2,1)
supersymmetry (ii) a product of two holomorphic two-cycles in a product of two
Calabi-Yau two-folds corresponding to a D=2 field theory with (2,2)
supersymmetry and (iii) a product of a holomorphic two-cycle and a SLAG
three-cycle in a product of a Calabi-Yau two-fold and a Calabi-Yau three-fold
corresponding to a quantum mechanics with two supercharges. In each case we
construct BPS equations and find IR superconformal fixed points corresponding
to new examples of AdS/CFT duality arising from the twisted field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75503 </DOCNO>
The transversity function and double spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive


  We show that the spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
between a longitudinally polarized lepton beam and a transversely polarized
proton target is sensitive to the proton transversity function. The asymmetry,
which is twist 3, is estimated to be more than 10% under the most favourable
conditions. The experiment we suggest is feasible at facilities like DESY, CERN
and JLAB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123883 </DOCNO>
A new Monte Carlo code for star cluster simulations: I. Relaxation


  We have developed a new simulation code aimed at studying the stellar
dynamics of a galactic central star cluster surrounding a massive black hole.
In order to include all the relevant physical ingredients (2-body relaxation,
stellar mass spectrum, collisions, tidal disruption,...), we chose to revive a
numerical scheme pioneered by Henon in the 70's. It is basically a Monte Carlo
resolution of the Fokker-Planck equation. It can cope with any stellar mass
spectrum or velocity distribution. Being a particle-based method, it also
allows one to take stellar collisions into account in a very realistic way.
This first paper covers the basic version of our code which treats the
relaxation-driven evolution of stellar cluster without a central BH. A
technical description of the code is presented, as well as the results of test
computations. Thanks to the use of a binary tree to store potential and rank
information and of variable time steps, cluster models with up to 2 million
particles can be simulated on a standard personal computer and the CPU time
required scales as N*ln(N) with the particle number N. Furthermore, the number
of simulated stars needs not be equal to N but can be arbitrarily larger. A
companion paper will treat further physical ingredients, mostly relevant to
galactic nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2292 </DOCNO>
Shocks in supersonic sand


  We measure time-averaged velocity, density, and temperature fields for steady
granular flow past a wedge and calculate a speed of granular pressure
disturbances (sound speed) equal to 10% of the flow speed. The flow is
supersonic, forming shocks nearly identical to those in a supersonic gas.
Molecular dynamics simulations of Newton's laws and Monte Carlo simulations of
the Boltzmann equation yield fields in quantitative agreement with experiment.
A numerical solution of Navier-Stokes-like equations agrees with a molecular
dynamics simulation for experimental conditions excluding wall friction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1047 </DOCNO>
Critical Current Density of YBa{2}Cu{3}O{7-d} Low-Angle Grain Boundaries


  A study has been perfomed on the superconducting critical current density
J_{c} flowing across low angle grain boundaries in epitaxial thin films of
YBa{2}Cu{3}O{7-d} (YBCO). The materials studied were dual grain boundary rings
deposited on SrTiO{3} and containing 2, 3, 5 and 7 degree tilt boundaries. The
current density in self-field was determined by magnetometric methods at
temperatures from 5 K to T_c. We conclude that at the higher temperatures of
coated conductor applications, there is limited potential for improving J_{c}
by reducing the grain boundary angle below about 3 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76008 </DOCNO>
Resummation of the jet broadening in DIS


  We calculate the leading and next-to-leading logarithmic resummed
distribution for the jet broadening in deep inelastic scattering, as well as
the power correction for both the distribution and mean value. A truncation of
the answer at NLL accuracy, as is standard, leads to unphysical divergences. We
discuss their origin and show how the problem can be resolved. We then examine
DIS-specific procedures for matching to fixed-order calculations and compare
our results to data. One of the tools developed for the comparison is an NLO
parton distribution evolution code. When compared to PDF sets from MRST and
CTEQ it reveals limited discrepancies in both.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73718 </DOCNO>
Truncated BFKL Series in Electron-Proton Collisions


  We study the contribution of the truncated BFKL series to the
electroproduction process showing that a reliable description is obtained
taking into account two orders in perturbation theory. Using the recent F2
logarithmic slope data as a constraint to the adustable parameters, the
inclusive structure function is described in a wide range of the small x HERA
kinematical region, consistent with the unitarity bound. We also extrapolate
the extimates to the THERA region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148917 </DOCNO>
A Cohomological Approach to the Non-Abelian Seiberg-Witten Map


  We present a cohomological method for obtaining the non-Abelian
Seiberg-Witten map for any gauge group and to any order in theta. By
introducing a ghost field, we are able to express the equations defining the
Seiberg-Witten map through a coboundary operator, so that they can be solved by
constructing a corresponding homotopy operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76013 </DOCNO>
Probing TeV-scale gauge unification by hadronic collisions


  Grand unified theories (GUTs) and extra dimensions are potential ingredients
of the new physics that may resolve various outstanding problems of the
Standard Model. If the inverse size of (one of) the extra dimension(s) is
smaller than the GUT scale and standard gauge bosons are allowed to propagate
in the bulk then, among other consequences, the evolution of the gauge
couplings deviates from the usual logarithmic running somewhat below and
between these two scales.
   In this work, we show that if the compactification scale is the order of 10
TeV, then this modified running may be observable at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider in the dijet invariant mass distribution. We also demonstrate that
dijets are highly sensitive to the renormalization effects of the extra
dimensions, and are potential tools for determining the number of dimensions
and the value of the compactification scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4452 </DOCNO>
Propagation of exciton pulses in semiconductors


  We examine the propagation of excitons in Cu$_2$O, which form localized
pulses under certain experimental conditions. The formation of these waves is
attributed to the effect of dispersion, non-linearity and the coupling of the
excitons to phonons, which acts as a dissipative mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114276 </DOCNO>
Tunneling time in the case of frustrated total reflection


  The tunneling time is here investigated by means of an electromagnetic model,
for a system where a gap, between two parallel planes, acts as a
classically-forbidden region for an impinging pulse with incidence angle larger
than the critical angle. In all cases of frustrated total reflection we obtain
a superluminal behavior both for phase and group delays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74566 </DOCNO>
Determining the phases alpha and gamma from time-dependent CP violation


  A method is proposed for the determination of the unitarity angle alpha
through tree penguin interference. The modes needed would be of the form
B0/B0-bar -> rho0 M and B0/B0-bar -> omega M where M is spin-0 uu-bar/dd-bar
meson, for instance M=pi0, eta, eta',a0 or f0. An analogous method can also
determine gamma using M=KS or K_L. The validity of the theoretical
approximations used may be tested by over determining alpha with several modes.
If two or more modes are used, the determination has a four-fold ambiguity but
additional information from pure penguin decays or theoretical estimates may be
used to reduce the ambiguity to alpha, alpha+pi. The method as applied to
determining gamma is probably less promising.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148084 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Algebraic Field Theory, and Deformation Quantization


  A perturbative formulation of algebraic field theory is presented, both for
the classical and for the quantum case, and it is shown that the relation
between them may be understood in terms of deformation quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128954 </DOCNO>
Supersonic propeller spindown of neutron stars in wind-fed mass-exchange


  The supersonic propeller spindown of a neutron star moving in a strong
stellar wind of its massive companion is discussed. I show that the supersonic
propeller model presented by Davies & Pringle (1981}) is self-consistent if the
strength of the stellar wind of the normal companion is \dot{M}_{\rm c} \la 2.2
10^{18} (M_{\rm ns}/M_{\sun}) V_8 g/s. Under these conditions the model can be
used for the interpretation of the long-period pulsars in Be/X-ray transients.
The spin history of the neutron star in the long period Be/X-ray transient
A0535+26 is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148549 </DOCNO>
Linearized Gravity in Isotropic Coordinates in the Brane World


  We solve the Einstein equations in the Randall-Sundrum framework using an
isotropic ansatz for the metric and obtain an exact expression to first order
in the gravitational coupling. The solution is free from metric singularities
away from the source and it satisfies the Israel matching condition on a
straight brane. At distances far away from the source and on the physical brane
this solution coincides with the 4-D Schwarzschild metric in isotropic
coordinates. Furthermore we show that the extension of the standard
Schwarzschild horizon in the bulk is tubular for any diagonal form of the
metric while there is no restriction for the extension of the Schwarzschild
horizon in isotropic coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96700 </DOCNO>
Counting occurences of 132 in a permutation


  We study the generating function for the number of permutations on n letters
containing exactly $r\gs0$ occurences of 132. It is shown that finding this
function for a given r amounts to a routine check of all permutations in
$S_{2r}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 789 </DOCNO>
Theory of magnetophonon resonance in 2D electron gas in tilted magnetic


  A theory of magnetophonon resonance in quantum wells in a magnetic field
tilted to the perpendicular to 2DEG is developed. The resonance is due to the
resonant interaction of 2D conduction electrons with the longitudinal optic
phonons. The electrons are assumed to be nondegenerate. The angular dependence
of the resonant maxima is investigated. The sharpness of the angular
dependence, as well as the existence of double resonances, i.e. two resonant
peaks for each resonance number is explained. A relation between the electron
concentration dependence of the resonance amplitude in the perpendicular
magnetic field and the angular dependence in the tilted field is analyzed.
Investigation of the angular dependence can give information concerning the
electron spectra, optic phonon and electron damping and the electron-phonon
interaction in quantum wells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129364 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The dependence of galaxy clustering on


  We investigate the dependence of galaxy clustering on luminosity and spectral
type using the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS). Spectral types are assigned
using the principal component analysis of Madgwick et al. We divide the sample
into two broad spectral classes: galaxies with strong emission lines
(`late-types'), and more quiescent galaxies (`early-types'). We measure the
clustering in real space, free from any distortion of the clustering pattern
due to peculiar velocities, for a series of volume-limited samples. The
projected correlation functions of both spectral types are well described by a
power law for transverse separations in the range 2 < (sigma/Mpc/h) < 15, with
a marginally steeper slope for early-types than late-types. Both early and late
types have approximately the same dependence of clustering strength on
luminosity, with the clustering amplitude increasing by a factor of ~2.5
between L* and 4 L*. At all luminosities, however, the correlation function
amplitude for the early-types is ~50% higher than that of the late-types. These
results support the view that luminosity, and not type, is the dominant factor
in determining how the clustering strength of the whole galaxy population
varies with luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81126 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative singularity structure of gluon and quark propagators


  A gauge invariant, non-local observable is constructed in lattice pure gauge
theory, which is identical to the gluon propagator in a particular gauge. The
transfer matrix formalism is used to show that this correlator decays
exponentially with eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian. This implies a gauge
invariant singularity structure of the propagator in momentum space, permitting
a non-perturbative definition of a parton mass. The relation to gauge fixing
and the extension to matter fields are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169108 </DOCNO>
Structure and Parametrization of Stochastic Maps of Density Matrices


  The generic linear evolution of the density matrix of a system with a
finite-dimensional state space is by stochastic maps which take a density
matrix linearly into the set of density matrices. These dynamical stochastic
maps form a linear convex set that may be viewed as supermatrices. The property
of hermiticity of density matrices renders an associated supermatrix hermitian
and hence diagonalizable; but the positivity of the density matrix does not
make this associated supermatrix positive. If it is positive, the map is called
completely positive and they have a simple parametrization. This is extended to
all positive (not completely positive) maps. A contraction of a norm-preserving
map of the combined system can be contracted to obtain all dynamical maps. The
reconstruction of the extended dynamics is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86658 </DOCNO>
Isotropic singularities in shear-free perfect fluid cosmologies


  We investigate barotropic perfect fluid cosmologies which admit an isotropic
singularity. From the General Vorticity Result of Scott, it is known that these
cosmologies must be irrotational. In this paper we prove, using two different
methods, that if we make the additional assumption that the perfect fluid is
shear-free, then the fluid flow must be geodesic. This then implies that the
only shear-free, barotropic, perfect fluid cosmologies which admit an isotropic
singularity are the FRW models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73052 </DOCNO>
Can three-flavor oscillations solve the solar neutrino problem?


  The most promising solution to the solar neutrino problem are neutrino
oscillations, which usually are analyzed within the reduced 2-flavor scheme,
because the solutions found therein reasonably well reproduce the recent data
of Super-Kamiokande about the recoil-electron energy spectrum, zenith-angle and
seasonal variations, and the event rate data of all the neutrino detectors. In
this work, however, a survey of the complete parameter space of 3-flavor
oscillations is performed. Basically eight new additional solutions could be
identified, where the best one with \Delta m(12)^2=2.7x10^(-10) eV^2, \Delta
m(13)^2=1.0x10^(-5) eV^2, \Theta(12)=23, and \Theta(13)=1.3 (denoted SVO) is
slightly more probable than any 2-flavor solution. However, including the
results of the atmospheric neutrino problem excludes all 3-flavour solutions
apart from the SLMA-solution (\Delta m(12)^2=7.9x10^(-6) eV^2, \Delta
m(13)^2=2.5x10^(-4) eV^2, \Theta(12)=1.4, and \Theta(13)=20). Besides, the
ability of SNO and Borexino to discriminate the various 2- and 3-flavor
solutions is investigated. Only with very good statistics in these experiments
the correct solution to the solar neutrino problem can be identified
unambiguously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98443 </DOCNO>
Estimation of dimension functions of band-limited wavelets


  The dimension function $D_\psi$ of a band-limited wavelet is bounded by $n$
if the support of its Fourier transform is contained in the interval
$[-\frac{2^{n+2}}{3}\pi, \frac{2^{n+2}}{3}\pi]$. For each positive integer $n$
and for each $\epsilon > 0$, we construct a wavelet $\psi$ with support of
$\hat\psi$ contained in $[-\frac{2^{n+2}}{3}\pi,
\frac{2^{n+2}}{3}\pi+\epsilon]$ such that $D_\psi>n$ on a set of positive
measure, which proves that $[-\frac{2^{n+2}}{3}\pi, \frac{2^{n+2}}{3}\pi]$ is
the largest symmetric interval for estimating the dimension function by $n$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 112 </DOCNO>
Conductivity of underdoped YBa2Cu3O7-d : evidence for incoherent pair


  Conductivity due to superconducting fluctuations studied in optimally doped
YBa2Cu3O7-d films displays a stronger decay law in temperature than explainable
by theory. A formula is proposed, which fits the data very well with two
superconductive parameters, Tc and the coherence length ksi_c0, and an energy
scale Delta*. This is also valid in underdoped materials and enables to
describe the conductivity up to 300 K with a single-particle excitations
channel in parallel with a channel whose contribution is controlled by ksi_c0,
Tc and Delta*.
  This allows to address the nature of the pseudogap in favour of incoherent
pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87285 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Shells


  When a potential for a scalar field has two local minima there arise
spherical shell-type solutions of the classical field equations due to
gravitational attraction. We establish such solutions numerically in a space
which is asymptotically de Sitter. It generically arises when the energy scale
characterizing the scalar field potential is much less than the Planck scale.
It is shown that the mirror image of the shell appears in the other half of the
Penrose diagram. The configuration is smooth everywhere with no physical
singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149067 </DOCNO>
Open Strings on AdS_2 Branes


  We study the spectrum of open strings on AdS_2 branes in AdS_3 in an NS-NS
background, using the SL(2,R) WZW model. When the brane carries no fundamental
string charge, the open string spectrum is the holomorphic square root of the
spectrum of closed strings in AdS_3. It contains short and long strings, and is
invariant under spectral flow. When the brane carries fundamental string
charge, the open string spectrum again contains short and long strings in all
winding sectors. However, branes with fundamental string charge break half the
spectral flow symmetry. This has different implications for short and long
strings. As the fundamental string charge increases, the brane approaches the
boundary of AdS_3. In this limit, the induced electric field on the worldvolume
reaches its critical value, producing noncommutative open string theory on
AdS_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6343 </DOCNO>
Lattice Boltzmann method for viscoelastic fluids


  Lattice Boltzmann model for viscoelastic flow simulation is proposed; elastic
effects are taken into account in the framework of Maxwell model. The following
three examples are studied using the proposed approach: a transverse velocity
autocorrelation function for free evolving system with random initial
velocities, a boundary-driven propagating shear waves, and a resonant
enhancement of oscillations in a periodically driven fluid in a capillary. The
measured shear wave dispersion relation is found to be in a good agreement with
the theoretical one derived for the Navier-Stokes equation with the Maxwell
viscoelastic term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127778 </DOCNO>
Narrow CIV lambda 1549A Absorption Lines in Moderate-Redshift Quasars


  A large, high-quality spectral data base of well-selected, moderate-redshift
radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars is used to characterize the incidence of
narrow associated CIV lambda 1549 absorption, and how this may depend on some
quasar properties, including radio-type. Preliminary results of this study are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124469 </DOCNO>
Supernova Explosions and Neutron Star Formation


  The current picture of the collapse and explosion of massive stars and the
formation of neutron stars is reviewed. According to the favored scenario,
however by no means proven and undisputed, neutrinos deposit the energy of the
explosion in the stellar medium which surrounds the nascent neutron star.
Observations, in particular of Supernova~1987A, suggest that mixing processes
play an important role in the expanding star, and multi-dimensional simulations
show that these are linked to convective instabilities in the immediate
vicinity of the neutron star. Convectively enhanced energy transport inside the
neutron star can have important consequences for the neutrino emission and thus
the neutrino-heating mechanism. This also holds for a suppression of the
neutrino interactions at nuclear densities. Multi-dimensional hydrodynamics,
general relativity, and a better understanding of the neutrino interactions in
neutron star matter may be crucial to resolve the problem that state-of-the-art
spherical models do not yield explosions even with a very accurate treatment of
neutrino transport by solving the Boltzmann equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123455 </DOCNO>
Derivation of preliminary IBIS response matrices with the INTEGRAL


  We have used the IBIS Simulator to produce preliminary response matrices for
the ISGRI and PICsIT detectors in order to help understanding their scientific
performances before the calibration results are available. The derived
matrices, in a format compatible with the XSPEC spectral analysis package, have
been tested by fitting simple models and then used to analyze simulations of
astrophysical sources with more complex spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98477 </DOCNO>
Classical electrodynamics of point charges


  A simple mathematical procedure is introduced which allows redefining in a
precise way divergent integrals and limits that appear in the basic equations
of classical electrodynamics with point charges. In this way all divergences
are at once removed without affecting the locality and the relativistic
covariance of the theory, and with no need for mass renormalization. The
procedure provides finite expressions for the total energy-momentum of the
system as well as for the lagrangian, from which the equations of motion of
both particles and fields can be derived via Hamilton's variational principle.
They correspond to the Maxwell equations with point-like sources for the fields
and to the relativistic Lorentz-Dirac equation for the particles, which turns
out to be a second-order differential equation when the force acting on the
particle is expressed in terms of the total interacting electromagnetic field.
The hamiltonian formulation of the theory can be obtained in a straightforward
way. This leads to an interesting comparison between the resulting
divergence-free expression of the hamiltonian functional and the standard
renormalization rules for perturbative quantum electrodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86467 </DOCNO>
Some Mathematical And Numerical Questions Connected With First And


  There is a tendency to write the equations of general relativity as a first
order symmetric system of time dependent partial differential equations.
However, for numerical reasons, it might be advantageous to use a second order
formulation like one obtained from the ADM equations. Unfortunately, the type
of the ADM equations is not well understood and therefore we shall discuss, in
the next section, the concept of wellposedness. We have to distinguish between
weakly and strongly hyperbolic systems. Strongly hyperbolic systems are well
behaved even if we add lower order terms. In contrast; for every weakly
hyperbolic system we can find lower order terms which make the problem totally
illposed. Thus, for weakly hyperbolic systems, there is only a restricted class
of lower order perturbations which do not destroy the wellposedness. To
identify that class can be very difficult, especially for nonlinear
perturbations. In Section 3 we will show that the ADM equations, linearized
around flat with constant lapse function and shift vector, are only weakly
hyperbolic. However, we can use the trace of the metric as a lapse function to
make the equations into a strongly second order hyperbolic system. Using simple
models we shall, in section 4, demonstrate that approximations of second order
equations have better accuracy properties than the corresponding approximations
of first order equations. Also, we avoid spurious waves which travel against
the characteristic direction. In the last section we discuss some difficulties
connected with the preservation of constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86794 </DOCNO>
Computation of gravitational waves from inspiraling binary neutron stars


  Gravitational waves from binary neutron stars in quasiequilibrium circular
orbits are computed using an approximate method which we propose in this paper.
In the first step of this method, we prepare general relativistic irrotational
binary neutron stars in a quasiequilibrium circular orbit, neglecting
gravitational waves. We adopt the so-called conformal flatness approximation
for a three-metric to obtain the quasiequilibrium states in this paper. In the
second step, we compute gravitational waves, solving linear perturbation
equations in the background spacetime of the quasiequilibrium states. Comparing
numerical results with post Newtonian waveforms and luminosity of gravitational
waves from two point masses in circular orbits, we demonstrate that this method
can produce accurate waveforms and luminosity of gravitational waves. It is
shown that the effects of tidal deformation of neutron stars and strong general
relativistic gravity modify the post Newtonian results for compact binary
neutron stars in close orbits. We indicate that the magnitude of a systematic
error in quasiequilibrium states associated with the conformal flatness
approximation is fairly large for close and compact binary neutron stars.
Several formulations for improving the accuracy of quasiequilibrium states are
proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2630 </DOCNO>
Scaling theory in Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid with $1/r^\beta$ type


  We discuss effects of $1/r^\beta$ type long-range (LR) interactions in a
tight-binding model by utilizing the bosonization technique, renormalization
group and conformal field theory (CFT). We obtain the low energy action known
for Kibble's model which generates the mass gap in 3 dimension when $\beta =1$,
the Coulomb force case. In one dimension, the dispersion relations predict that
the system remains gapless even for $\beta =1$ and the existences of
Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) when $\beta > 1$. When $\beta =1$, the LR
interactions break TLL in the long wavelength limits, even if the strength is
very small. We make the more precise arguments from the stand point of the
renormalization group and CFT. Finally we derive the accurate finite size
scaling of energies and thermodynamics. Moreover we proceed to numerical
calculations, considering the LR umklapp process terms. We conclude that the
TLL phase become wider in the strength space of interactions as the power
$\beta$ approaches to 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41829 </DOCNO>
Observation of Exclusive barB --> D(*) K*- Decays


  We report the first observation of the exclusive decays \bar B\to
D^{(*)}K^{*-}, using 9.66 x 10^{6} B\bar{B} pairs collected at the \Upsilon(4S)
with the CLEO detector. We measure the following branching fractions: {\cal
B}(B^- -> D^0 K^{*-})=(6.1 +- 1.6 +-1.7)x10^{-4}, {\cal B}(\bar{B^0} ->
D^+K^{*-})=(3.7 +- 1.5 +- 1.0) x 10^{-4}, {\cal B}(\bar{B^0} ->
D^{*+}K^{*-})=(3.8 +- 1.3 +- 0.8) x 10^{-4} and {\cal B}(B^- --> D^{*0}
K^{*-})=(7.7 +- 2.2 +- 2.6) x 10^{-4}. The \bar B ->D^*K^{*-} branching ratios
are the averages of those corresponding to the 00 and 11 helicity states. The
errors shown are statistical and systematic, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126482 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamics of photoionized columns in the Eagle Nebula, M 16


  We present hydrodynamical simulations of the formation, structure and
evolution of photoionized columns, with parameters based on those observed in
the Eagle Nebula. On the basis of these simulations we argue that there is no
unequivocal evidence that the dense neutral clumps at heads of the columns were
cores in the pre-existing molecular cloud. In our simulations, a variety of
initial conditions leads to the formation and maintenance of near-equilibrium
columns. Therefore, it is likely that narrow columns will often occur in
regions with large-scale inhomogeneities, but that observations of such columns
can tell us little about the processes by which they formed. The manner in
which the columns in our simulations develop suggests that their evolution may
result in extended sequences of radiation-induced star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127221 </DOCNO>
The High Resolution X-ray Spectrum of SS 433 using the Chandra HETGS


  We present observations of SS 433 using the Chandra High Energy Transmission
Grating Spectrometer. Many emission lines of highly ionized elements are
detected with the relativistic blue and red Doppler shifts. The lines are
measurably broadened to 1700 km/s (FWHM) and the widths do not depend
significantly on the characteristic emission temperature, suggesting that the
emission occurs in a freely expanding region of constant collimation with
opening angle of 1.23 +/- 0.06 deg. The blue shifts of lines from low
temperature gas are the same as those of high temperature gas within our
uncertainties, again indicating that the hottest gas we observe to emit
emission lines is already at terminal velocity. Fits to the emission line
fluxes give a range of temperatures in the jet from 5e6 to 1e8 K. We derive the
emission measure as a function of temperature for a four component model that
fits the line flux data. Using the density sensitive Si XIII triplet, the
characteristic electron density is 1e14 cm^{-3}, where the gas temperature is
about 1.3e7 K. Based on an adiabatic expansion model of the jet, the electron
densities drop from ~2e15 to 4e13 cm^{-3} at distances of 2e10 to 2e11 cm from
the apex of the jet cone. The jet mass outflow rate is 1.5e-7 Msun / yr. The
kinetic power is 3.2e38 erg/s, which is x1000 larger than the unabsorbed 2-10
keV X-ray luminosity. The bremsstrahlung emission associated with the lines can
account for the entire continuum; we see no direct evidence for an accretion
disk. The image from zeroth order shows extended emission at a scale of ~2",
aligned in the general direction of the radio jets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75617 </DOCNO>
GaGaRes: A Monte Carlo generator for resonance production in two-photon


  In this paper a Monte Carlo generator, GaGaRes, is presented which can be
used to describe two-photon resonance production in e^+e^- collisions. The
program can generate the five lowest-lying C=+1 meson states of any q\bar{q}
combination together with the outgoing electron and positron. The dependence on
the photon virtualities Q_1^2 and Q_2^2 is fully taken into account. The
program also generates the density matrices of the resonance, which form an
essential tool in the description of the decay of the resonances. Furthermore,
the program is applicable for all tagging conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5908 </DOCNO>
Vortex precession in a rotating nonaxisymmetric trapped Bose-Einstein


  We study the precession of an off-axis straight vortex in a rotating
nonaxisymmetric harmonic trap in the Thomas-Fermi (TF) regime. A time-dependent
variational Lagrangian analysis yields the dynamical equations of the vortex
and the precessional angular velocity in two-dimensional (2D) and
three-dimensional (3D) condensates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5972 </DOCNO>
Diffraction of a superfluid Fermi gas by an atomic grating


  An atomic grating generated by a pulsed standing wave laser field is proposed
to manipulate the superfluid state in a quantum degenerate gas of fermionic
atoms. We show that in the presence of atomic Cooper pairs, the density
oscillations of the gas caused by the atomic grating exhibit a much longer
coherence time than that in the normal Fermi gas. Our result indicates that the
technique of a pulsed atomic grating can be a potential candidate to detect the
atomic superfluid state in a quantum degenerate Fermi gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169405 </DOCNO>
The creation of large photon-number path entanglement conditioned on


  Large photon-number path entanglement is an important resource for enhanced
precision measurements and quantum imaging. We present a general constructive
protocol to create any large photon number path-entangled state based on the
conditional detection of single photons. The influence of imperfect detectors
is considered and an asymptotic scaling law is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87198 </DOCNO>
Curvature and Torsion Quintessence


  The issues of quintessence and cosmic acceleration can be discussed in the
framework of higher order curvature and torsion theories of gravity. We can
define effective pressure and energy density directly connected to the
curvature or to the torsion fields and then ask for the conditions to get an
accelerated expansion. Exact accelerated expanding solutions can be achieved
for several fourth order curvature or torsion theories so that we obtain an
alternative scheme to the standard quintessence scalar field, minimally coupled
to gravity, usually adopted. We discuss also conformal transformations in order
to see the links of quintessence between the Jordan and Einstein frames.
Furthermore, we take into account a torsion fluid whose effects become relevant
at large scale. Specifically, we investigate a model where a totally
antisymmetric torsion field is taken into account discussing the conditions to
obtain quintessence. We obtain exact solutions also in this case where dust
dominated Friedmann behavior is recovered as soon as torsion effects are not
relevant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168492 </DOCNO>
Quadrature-dependent Bogoliubov transformations and multiphoton squeezed


  We introduce a linear, canonical transformation of the fundamental
single--mode field operators $a$ and $a^{\dagger}$ that generalizes the linear
Bogoliubov transformation familiar in the construction of the harmonic
oscillator squeezed states. This generalization is obtained by adding to the
linear transformation a nonlinear function of any of the fundamental quadrature
operators $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$, making the original Bogoliubov transformation
quadrature--dependent. Remarkably, the conditions of canonicity do not impose
any constraint on the form of the nonlinear function, and lead to a set of
nontrivial algebraic relations between the $c$--number coefficients of the
transformation. We examine in detail the structure and the properties of the
new quantum states defined as eigenvectors of the transformed annihilation
operator $b$. These eigenvectors define a class of multiphoton squeezed states.
The structure of the uncertainty products and of the quasiprobability
distributions in phase space shows that besides coherence properties, these
states exhibit a squeezing and a deformation (cooling) of the phase--space
trajectories, both of which strongly depend on the form of the nonlinear
function. The presence of the extra nonlinear term in the phase of the wave
functions has also relevant consequences on photon statistics and correlation
properties. The non quadratic structure of the associated Hamiltonians suggests
that these states be generated in connection with multiphoton processes in
media with higher nonlinearities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95953 </DOCNO>
On Resolving Singularities


  Let V be an irreducible affine algebraic variety over a field k of
characteristic zero, and let (f_0,...,f_m) be a sequence of elements of the
coordinate ring. There is probably no elementary condition on the f_i and their
derivatives which determines whether the blowup of V along (f_0,...,f_m) is
nonsingular. The result is that there indeed is such an elementary condition,
involving the first and second derivatives of the $f_i,$ provided we admit
certain singular blowups, all of which can be resolved by an additional Nash
blowup.
  There is is a particular explicit sequence of ideals R=J_0, J_1, J_2,...
\subset R so that V_i=Bl_{J_i}V is the i'th Nash blowup of V, with J_i|J_{i+1}
for all i. Applying our earlier paper, V_i is nonsingular if and only if the
ideal class of J_{i+1} divides some power of the ideal class of J_i. The
present paper brings things down to earth considerably: such a divisibility of
ideal classes implies that for some N\ge r+2
J_i^{N-r-2}J_{i+1}^{r+3}=J_i^NJ_{i+2}.
  Yet note that this identity in turn implies J_{i+2} is a divisor of some
power of J_{i+1}. Thus although $V_i$ may fail to be nonsingular, when the
identity holds the {\it next} variety V_{i+1} must be nonsingular. Thus the
Nash question is equivalent to the assertion that the identity above holds for
some sufficiently large i and N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128559 </DOCNO>
Rotational velocities of A-type stars I. Measurement of vsini in the


  Within the scope of a Key Programme determining fundamental parameters of
stars observed by HIPPARCOS, spectra of 525 B8 to F2-type stars brighter than
V=8 have been collected at ESO. Fourier transforms of several line profiles in
the range 4200-4500 A are used to derive vsini from the frequency of the first
zero. Statistical analysis of the sample indicates that measurement error is a
function of vsini and this relative error of the rotational velocity is found
to be about 6% on average. The results obtained are compared with data from the
literature. There is a systematic shift from standard values from Slettebak et
al. (1975), which are 10 to 12% lower than our findings. Comparisons with other
independent vsini values tend to prove that those from Slettebak et al. are
underestimated. This effect is attributed to the presence of binaries in the
standard sample of Slettebak et al., and to the model atmosphere they used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123732 </DOCNO>
Fabry Perot Halpha Observations of the Barred Spiral NGC 3367


  We report the gross properties of the velocity field of the barred spiral
galaxy NGC 3367. The following values were found: inclination with respect to
the plane of the sky, i=30 deg; position angle (PA) of receding semi major axis
PA=51 and systemic velocity V(sys)=3032 km/s. Large velocity dispersion are
observed of upt o 120 km/s in the nuclear region, of up to 70 km/s near the
eastern bright sources just beyond the edge of the stellar bar where three
spiral arms seem to start and in the western bright sources at about 10 kpc.
Deviations from normal circular velocities are observed from all the disk but
mainly from the semi circle formed by the string of south western Halpha
sources. An estimate of the dynamical mass is M(dyn)=2x10^11 Msolar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86967 </DOCNO>
Spin-Statistics Theorem and Geometric Quantisation


  We study how the spin-statistics theorem relates to the geometric structures
on phase space that are introduced in quantisation procedures (namely a U(1)
bundle and connection). The relation can be proved in both the relativistic and
the non-relativistic domain (in fact for any symmetry group including internal
symmetries) by requiring that the exchange can be implemented smoothly by a
class of symmetry transformations that project in the phase space of the joint
system system. We discuss the interpretation of this requirement, stressing the
fact that any distinction of identical particles comes solely from the choice
of coordinates - the exchange then arises from suitable change of coordinate
system. We then examine our construction in the geometric and the
coherent-state-path-integral quantisation schemes. In the appendix we apply our
results to exotic systems exhibiting continuous ``spin'' and ``fractional
statistics''. This gives novel and unusual forms of the spin-statistics
relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127317 </DOCNO>
Effects of Heavy Elements and Excited States in the Equation of State of


  Although 98% of the solar material consists of hydrogen and helium, the
remaining chemical elements contribute in a discernible way to the
thermodynamic quantities. The contribution of various heavy elements in a set
of thermodynamic quantities has been examined. It has emerged that prominent
signatures of individual elements exist, and that these effects are greatest in
the ionization zones, typically located near the bottom of the convection zone.
The main result is that part of the features found here depend strongly both on
the given species (atom or ion) and its detailed internal partition function,
whereas other features only depend on the presence of the species itself, not
on details such as the internal partition function. The latter features are
obviously well suited for a helioseismic abundance determination, while the
former features present a unique opportunity to use the sun as a laboratory to
test the validity of physical theories of partial ionization in a relatively
dense and hot plasma. This domain of plasma physics has so far no competition
from terrestrial laboratories. [shortened version of original abstract]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73216 </DOCNO>
Information about the neutrino mass matrix from Double Beta Decay


  Double beta decay is indispensable to solve the question of the neutrino mass
matrix together with neutrino oscillation experiments. The most sensitive
experiment since eight years - the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment in Gran-Sasso -
already now, with the experimental limit of < m_\nu > < 0.26 eV excludes
degenerate neutrino mass scenarios allowing neutrinos as hot dark matter in the
universe for the small angle MSW solution of the solar neutrino problem. It
probes cosmological models including hot dark matter already now on the level
of future satellite experiments MAP and PLANCK. It further probes many topics
of beyond Standard Model physics at the TeV scale. Future experiments should
give access to the multi-TeV range and complement on many ways the search for
new physics at future colliders like LHC and NLC. For neutrino physics some of
them (GENIUS) will allow to test almost all neutrino mass scenarios allowed by
the present neutrino oscillation experiments. A GENIUS Test Facility has just
been funded and will come into operation by end of 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76611 </DOCNO>
Baryons in Partially Quenched Chiral Perturbation Theory


  We include the lowest-lying octet- and decuplet-baryons into partially
quenched chiral perturbation theory. Perturbing about the chiral limit of the
graded SU(6|3)_L x SU(6|3)_R flavor group of partially quenched QCD, we compute
the leading one-loop contributions to the octet-baryon masses, magnetic moments
and matrix elements of isovector twist-2 operators. We work in the isospin
limit and keep two of the three sea quarks degenerate. The usefulness of the
non-unique extension of the electric charge matrix and the isovector twist-2
operators from QCD to partially quenched QCD is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5510 </DOCNO>
Light scattering by optically anisotropic scatterers I: T--matrix theory


  We extend the T-matrix approach to light scattering by spherical particles to
some simple cases in which the scatterers are optically anisotropic.
Specifically we consider cases in which the spherical particles include
radially and uniformly anisotropic layers. We find that in both cases the
T-matrix theory can be formulated using a modified T-matrix ansatz with
suitably defined modes. In a uniformly anisotropic medium we derive these modes
by relating the wave packet representation and expansions of electromagnetic
field over spherical harmonics. The resulting wave functions are deformed
spherical harmonics that represent solutions of the Maxwell equations. We use
these modes to express the equations for the T-matrix elements in terms of
computationally tractable coefficient functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2758 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle States around a Nonmagnetic Impurity in D-Density-Wave


  Recently Chakravarty {\em et al.} proposed an ordered $d$-density wave (DDW)
state as an explanation of the pseudogap phase in underdoped high-temperature
cuprates. We study the competition between the DDW and superconducting ordering
based on an effective mean-field Hamiltonian. We are mainly concerned with the
effect of the DDW ordering on the electronic state around a single nonmagnetic
impurity. We find that a single subgap resonance peak appears in the local
density of state around the impurity. In the unitary limit, the position of
this resonance peak is always located at $E_r=-\mu$ with respect to the Fermi
energy. This result is dramatically different from the case of the pure
superconducting state for which the impurity resonant energy is approximately
pinned at the Fermi level. This can be used to probe the existence of the DDW
ordering in cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4416 </DOCNO>
Sr$_3$CuIrO$_6$, a spin-chain compound with random


  Ac and dc magnetization and heat-capacity (C) measurements performed on the
pseudo-one-dimensional compound Sr$_3$CuIrO$_6$ reveal a competition between
antiferromagnetic (AF) and ferromagnetic (F) exchange couplings, as evidenced
by frequency dependence of ac susceptibility and by the absence of a C anomaly
at the magnetic transition. The value of the saturation moment (about 0.35
$\mu_B$/formula unit) is much smaller than expected for ferromagnetism from the
two S=1/2 ions (Cu and Ir). Thus, this compound is not a ferromagnet in zero
magnetic field, in contrast to earlier beliefs. Of particular importance is the
finding that the value of the magnetic ordering temperature is sample
dependent, sensitive to synthetic conditions resulting from deviations in
oxygen/Cu content. We propose that this compound serves as a unique model
system to test theories on random AF-F interaction in a chain system,
considering that this competition can be tuned without any chemical
substitution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125306 </DOCNO>
The Eta Chamaeleontis Cluster: Recent Results


  The eta Chamaeleontis star cluster is one of the most important nearby
groupings of pre-main sequence (PMS) stars. With accurately known distance,
compact structure and highly-coeval intermediate-aged population, the eta Cha
cluster is an important laboratory for enhancing our understanding of all PMS
star evolutionary issues. In this paper, recent results concerning the stellar
population are discussed including the discovery of a rare example of a ~10
Myr-old Classical T Tauri (CTT) star. This and other objects point to an
X-ray-faint late-type population residing amongst the ROSAT-detected
membership.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6562 </DOCNO>
Electrons on the double helix: optical experiments on native DNA


  Optical experiments on calf thymus DNA films subjected to different buffer
environments are reported. The optical conductivity is that of a disordered or
lightly doped semiconductor with a well-defined band-gap for charge excitations
and low frequency transport determined by a small number of strongly localized
electron states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75459 </DOCNO>
Elastic meson production and Compton scattering


  I discuss recent progress in the theory of exclusive meson production and
Compton scattering, focusing on hard-scattering factorization and on the dipole
formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3701 </DOCNO>
Modeling eruptions of Karymsky volcano


  A model is proposed to explain temporal patterns of activity in a class of
periodically exploding Strombolian-type volcanos. These patterns include major
events (explosions) which follow each other every 10-30 minutes and subsequent
tremor with a typical period of 1 second. This two-periodic activity is thought
to be caused by two distinct mechanisms of accumulation of the elastic energy
in the moving magma column: compressibility of the magma in the lower conduit
and viscoelastic response of the almost solid magma plug on the top. A release
of the elastic energy happens when a stick-slip dynamic phase transition in a
boundary layer along the walls of the conduit occurs; this phase transition is
driven by the shear stress accumulated in the boundary layer. The first-order
character and intrinsic hysteresis of this phase transition explains the long
periods of inactivity in the explosion cycle. Temporal characteristics of the
model are found to be qualitatively similar to the acoustic and seismic signals
recorded at Karymsky volcano in Kamchatka.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169491 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Creation Using Quantum Interrogation


  We present some applications of high efficiency quantum interrogation
("interaction free measurement") for the creation of entangled states of
separate atoms and of separate photons. The quantum interrogation of a quantum
object in a superposition of object-in and object-out leaves the object and
probe in an entangled state. The probe can then be further entangled with other
objects in subsequent quantum interrogations. By then projecting out those
cases were the probe is left in a particular final state, the quantum objects
can themselves be left in various entangled states. In this way we show how to
generate two-, three-, and higher qubit entanglement between atoms and between
photons. The effect of finite efficiency for the quantum interrogation is
delineated for the various schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168843 </DOCNO>
Double entanglement and quantum cryptography


  We propose a quantum transmission based on bi-photons which are
doubly-entangled both in polarisation and phase. This scheme finds a natural
application in quantum cryptography, where we show that an eventual
eavesdropper is bound to introduce a larger error on the quantum communication
than for a single entangled bi-photon communication, when steeling the same
information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7582 </DOCNO>
A Model of Sequence Dependent Rna-Polymerase Diffusion Along Dna


  We introduce a probabilistic model for the RNA-polymerase sliding motion
along DNA during the promoter search. The model accounts for possible effects
due to sequence-dependent interactions between the nonspecific DNA and the
enzyme. We focus on T7 RNA-polymerase and exploit the available information
about its interaction at the promoter site in order to investigate the
influence of bacteriophage T7 DNA sequence on the dynamics of the sliding
process. Hydrogen bonds in the major groove are used as the main
sequence-dependent interaction between the RNA-polymerase and the DNA. The
resulting dynamical properties and the possibility of an experimental
validation are discussed in details. We show that, while at large times the
process reaches a pure diffusive regime, it initially displays a sub-diffusive
behavior. The crossover from anomalous to normal diffusion may occur at times
large enough to be of biological interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148159 </DOCNO>
Fractional Quantum Hall Excitations as RdTS Highest Weight State


  Using the Chern-Simons effective model of fractional quantum Hall (FQH)
systems, we complete partial results obtained in the literature on FQHE
concerning topological orders of FQH states. We show that there exists a class
of effective FQH models having the same filling fraction $\nu$, interchanged
under $ Gl(n,Z)$ transformations and extends results on Haldane hierarchy. We
also show that Haldane states at any generic hierarhical level n may be
realised in terms of n Laughlin states composites and rederive results for the
n=2,3 levels respectively associated with $\nu= {{2}\over{5}}$ and $\nu=
{{3}\over{7}}$ filling fractions. We study symmetries of the filling fractions
series $\nu= {{p_2}\over{p_1 p_2 -1}}$ and $\nu= {{p_1 p_2 -1}\over{p_1 p_2 p_3
-p_1 -p_2}}$, with $p_1$ odd and $p_2$ and $p_3$ even integers, and show that,
upon imposing the Gl(n,Z) invariance, we get remarkable informations on their
stability. Then, we reconsider the Rausch de Traubenberg and Slupinsky (RdTS)
algebra recently obtained in [1,2] and analyse its limit on the boundary
$\partial({AdS_3})$ of the (1+2) dimensional manifold $AdS_3$. We show that
generally one may distinguish bulk highest weight states (BHWS) living in
$AdS_3$ and edge highest weight states (EHWS)living on the border
$\partial({AdS_3})$. We explore these two kinds of RdTS representations
carrying fractional values of the spin and propose them as condidates to
describe the FQH states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4092 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations Indicate Strong Interlayer Coupling in Cuprate


  From study of the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii (KTB) transition in the
superfluid density, n_s(T), of ultrathin c-axis oriented
YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-\delta} (YBCO) films, we find that interlayer coupling is
unexpectedly strong. The KTB transition occurs at a high temperature, as if the
films were isotropic rather than quasi-two-dimensional. This result agrees with
a comparison of the superfluid density of YBCO with Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8}
and with numerical simulations of Josephson junction arrays, and challenges the
thermal phase fluctuation interpretation of critical behavior near T_c in YBCO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41126 </DOCNO>
Selectron Studies at e-e- and e+e- Colliders


  Selectrons may be studied in both e-e- and e+e- collisions at future linear
colliders. Relative to e+e-, the e-e- mode benefits from negligible backgrounds
and \beta threshold behavior for identical selectron pair production, but
suffers from luminosity degradation and increased initial state radiation and
beamstrahlung. We include all of these effects and compare the potential for
selectron mass measurements in the two modes. The virtues of the e-e- collider
far outweigh its disadvantages. In particular, the selectron mass may be
measured to 100 MeV with a total integrated luminosity of 1 fb^-1, while more
than 100 fb^-1 is required in e+e- collisions for similar precision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76157 </DOCNO>
State-Space Based Approach to Particle Creation in Spatially Uniform


  Our formalism described recently in (Dolby et al, hep-th/0103228) is applied
to the study of particle creation in spatially uniform electric fields,
concentrating on the cases of a time-invariant electric field and a so-called
`adiabatic' electric field. Several problems are resolved by incorporating the
`Bogoliubov coefficient' approach and the `tunnelling' approaches into a single
consistent, gauge invariant formulation. The value of a time-dependent particle
interpretation is demonstrated by presenting a coherent account of the
time-development of the particle creation process, in which the particles are
created with small momentum (in the frame of the electric field) and are then
accelerated by the electric field to make up the `bulge' of created particles
predicted by asymptotic calculations. An initial state comprising one particle
is also considered, and its evolution is described as being the sum of two
contributions: the `sea of current' produced by the evolved vacuum, and the
extra current arising from the initial particle state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 66 </DOCNO>
Luminescence from highly excited nanorings: Luttinger liquid description


  We study theoretically the luminescence from quantum dots of a ring geometry.
For high excitation intensities, photoexcited electrons and holes form Fermi
seas. Close to the emission threshold, the single-particle spectral lines
aquire weak many-body satellites. However, away from the threshold, the
discrete luminescence spectrum is completely dominated by many-body
transitions. We employ the Luttinger liquid approach to exactly calculate the
intensities of all many-body spectral lines. We find that the transition from
single-particle to many-body structure of the emission spectrum is governed by
a single parameter and that the distribution of peaks away from the threshold
is universal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83870 </DOCNO>
Lead, Follow, or Go Your Own Way: Empirical Evidence Against


  Low search costs in Internet markets can be used by consumers to find low
prices, but can also be used by retailers to monitor competitors' prices. This
price monitoring can lead to price matching, resulting in dampened price
competition and higher prices in some cases. This paper analyzes price data for
316 bestselling, computer, and random book titles gathered from 32 retailers
between August 1999 and January 2000. In contrast to previous studies we find
no evidence of leader-follow behavior for the vast majority of retailers we
study. Further, the few cases of leader-follow behavior we observe seem to be
associated with managerial convenience as opposed to anti-competitive behavior.
We offer a methodology that can be used by future academic researchers or
government regulators to check for anti-competitive price matching behavior in
future time periods or in additional product categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3355 </DOCNO>
Electron Fractionalization


  A largely qualitative, and rather idiosyncratic discussion of electron
fractionalization in condensed matter physics is presented, including some
historical reflections and some speculations concerning future application of
these ideas. Particular attention is paid to systems which exhibit spin-charge
separation, i.e. the electron can decay into separate excitations which carry
the electron spin and the electron charge; the soliton model of polyacetylene
is treated as a paradigmatic example. This paper is based on a talk given at a
symposium honoring A.J.Heeger, A.G.MacDiarmid, and H.Shirakawa, the winners of
the year 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126747 </DOCNO>
Why Every Bipolar Planetary Nebula is `Unique'


  We present the many evolutionary routes that progenitors of bipolar planetary
nebulae (BPNe) can take. Overall, there are about a hundred qualitatively
different evolutionary routes, hence about a hundred qualitatively different
types of BPNe. Within each type there are quantitative differences as well.
Adding the dependence of the appearance on inclination, we find that the number
of different apparent structures of BPN is about equal to, or even larger than
the number of known BPNe and proto-BPNe. Accordingly we argue that every BPN is
a `unique' object in its appearance, but all can be explained within the binary
model paradigm. Therefore, we request a stop to the attaching of adjectives
such as `unique', `peculiar', and `unusual' to BPNe and proto-BPNe, thereby
removing the need to invoke a new model for almost every `unusual' BPN. As a
case study we try to build a binary model for the proto-BPN OH231.8+4.2. In our
preferred model the AGB Mira-type star has a main sequence companion of mass 1
Mo, orbital period of five years, and eccentricity of 0.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96944 </DOCNO>
ALAG - quantization


  This paper proposes a new way to quantize classical mechanical systems. Here
we use ALAG - programme to construct moduli space of half weighted Bohr -
Sommerfeld lagrangian cycles of fixed volume which is our quantum phase space.
"Dynamical correspondence" principle makes possible to prove that this ALAG -
quantization satisfies the Dirac correspondence principle. This construction
relates two known quantizations using complex and real polarizations
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168904 </DOCNO>
One-dimensional quantum chaos: Explicitly solvable cases


  We present quantum graphs with remarkably regular spectral characteristics.
We call them {\it regular quantum graphs}. Although regular quantum graphs are
strongly chaotic in the classical limit, their quantum spectra are explicitly
solvable in terms of periodic orbits. We present analytical solutions for the
spectrum of regular quantum graphs in the form of explicit and exact periodic
orbit expansions for each individual energy level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4705 </DOCNO>
Electrical Resistivity Anisotropy from Self-Organized One-Dimensionality


  We investigate the manifestation of the stripes in the in-plane resistivity
anisotropy in untwinned single crystals of La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} (x = 0.02 -
0.04) and YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} (y = 6.35 - 7.0). It is found that both systems
show strongly temperature-dependent in-plane anisotropy in the lightly
hole-doped region and that the anisotropy in YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} grows with
decreasing y below about 6.60 despite the decreasing orthorhombicity, which
gives most direct evidence that electrons self-organize into a macroscopically
anisotropic state. The transport is found to be easier along the direction of
the spin stripes already reported, demonstrating that the stripes are
intrinsically conducting in cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5109 </DOCNO>
On the athermal character of structural phase transitions


  The significance of thermal fluctuations on nucleation in structural
first-order phase transitions has been examined. The prototype case of
martensitic transitions has been experimentally investigated by means of
acoustic emission techniques. We propose a model based on the mean
first-passage time to account for the experimental observations. Our study
provides a unified framework to establish the conditions for isothermal and
athermal transitions to be observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126620 </DOCNO>
Long-Term RXTE Monitoring of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars


  We report on the long-term monitoring of three anomalous X-ray pulsars using
the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). We present a phase-coherent timing
ephemeris for 4U 0142+61, and show that it has rotated with high stability over
4.4 yr, with RMS phase deviations of 7% of the pulse period from a simple fit
including only $\nu$ and $\dot{\nu}$. We report on the continued timing
stability of 1E 2259.1+586, for which phase coherence has now been maintained
over 4.5 yr, as well as on the detection of a significant $\ddot{\nu}$ in 1.4
yr of monitoring of RXS J170849.0-400910, consistent with recovery following a
glitch. We note a correlation in which timing stability in AXPs decreases with
increasing $\dot{\nu}$. The timing stability of soft gamma repeaters in
quiescence is consistent with this trend, given their large spin-down rates.
This trend is similar to one seen in radio pulsars, suggesting a connection
between the three populations. We find no large variability in pulse morphology
as a function of time. We present high signal-to-noise ratio average pulse
profiles for each AXP, and consider them as a function of energy. We find a
variety of different behaviors, and consider possible trends in the data. We
also find no large variations in pulsed flux, and set 1 $\sigma$ upper limits
of ~20-30% of the mean. Assuming a constant pulsed fraction, either more than
one of the AXPs are coincidentally in a much more quiescent state during our
RXTE monitoring than in the past, or past claims of large flux variations are
incorrect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150102 </DOCNO>
Realization of Global Symmetries in the Wilsonian Renormalization Group


  We present a method to solve the master equation for the Wilsonian action in
the antifield formalism. This is based on a representation theory for cutoff
dependent global symmetries along the Wilsonian renormalization group (RG)
flow. For the chiral symmetry, the master equation for the free theory yields a
continuum version of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation. We construct chiral
invariant operators describing fermionic self-interactions. The use of
canonically transformed variables is shown to simplify the underlying algebraic
structure of the symmetry. We also give another non-trivial example, a
realization of SU(2) vector symmetry. Our formalism may be used for a
non-perturbative truncation of the Wilsonian action preserving global
symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126117 </DOCNO>
The relationship between the X-ray variability and the central black


  We assembled a sample of Seyfert 1 galaxies, QSOs and Low-Luminosity Active
Galactic Nuclei (LLAGNs) observed by ASCA, whose central black hole masses have
been measured. We found that the X-ray variability (which is quantified by the
``excess variance'' sigma^2_{rms}) is significantly anti-correlated with the
central black hole mass, and there likely exists a linear relationship
sigma^2_{rms}\propto M^{-1}_{bh}. This can be interpreted that the short
time-scale X-ray variability is caused by some global coherent variations in
the X-ray emission region which is scaled by the size of the central black
hole. Hence, the central black hole mass is the driving parameter of the
previously established relation between X-ray variability and luminosity. This
findings favor the hypothesis that the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies and QSOs
harbor smaller black holes than the broad line objects, and can also easily
explain the observational fact that high redshift QSOs have greater variability
than local AGNs at a given luminosity. Further investigations are needed to
confirm our findings, and a large sample X-ray variability investigation can
give constraints on the physical mechanism and evolution of AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75923 </DOCNO>
SU(3) Symmetry Breaking and Polarized Parton Densities


  We analyze the semileptonic weak decays of the octet baryons in a "model
independent" approach, based on the algebraic structure of the Chiral
Quark-Soliton Model. We argue that this analysis is in fact more general than
the model itself. While the symmetry breaking for the semileptonic decays
themselves is not strong, other quantities like $\Delta s$ and $\Delta \Sigma$
are much more affected. We calculate $\Delta \Sigma$ and $\Delta q$ for all
octet baryons. Unfortunately, large experimental errors of $\Xi^-$ decays
propagate in our analysis, in particular, in the case of $\Delta\Sigma $ and
$\Delta s$. Only if the errors for these decays are reduced, the accurate
theoretical predictions for $\Delta\Sigma$ and $\Delta s$ will be possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83554 </DOCNO>
Benchmarking Optimization Software with Performance Profiles


  We propose performance profiles-distribution functions for a performance
metric-as a tool for benchmarking and comparing optimization software. We show
that performance profiles combine the best features of other tools for
performance evaluation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127431 </DOCNO>
Variability and spectral classification of LMC giants: results from


  We present the first cross-identifications of sources in the near-infrared
DENIS survey and in the micro-lensing EROS survey in a field of about 0.5
square degrees around the optical center (OC) of the Large Magellanic Cloud. We
analyze the photometric history of these stars in the EROS data base and obtain
light-curves for about 800 variables. Most of the stars are long period
variables (Miras and Semi-Regulars), a few Cepheids are also present. We also
present new spectroscopic data on 126 asymptotic giant branch stars in the OC
field, 30 previously known and 96 newly discovered by the DENIS survey. The
visible spectra are used to assign a carbon- (C-) or oxygen-rich (O-rich)
nature to the observed stars on the basis of the presence of molecular bands of
TiO, VO, CN, C2. For the remaining of the stars we used the (J-Ks) color to
determine whether they are O-rich or C-rich. Plotting Log(period) versus Ks we
find three very distinct period-luminosity relations, mainly populated by
Semi-Regular of type a (SRa), b (SRb) and Mira variables. Carbon-rich stars
occupy mostly the upper part of these relations. We find that 65% of the
asymptotic giant branch population are long period variables (LPVs).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97877 </DOCNO>
A further step in the proof of Riemann hypothesis


  Paper has been withdrawn due to an error in the basic argument that the
states corresponding to the zeros of Riemann Zeta with Re[s]<1/2 allow a
Fourier expansion in the basis provided by the states having Re[s]>= 1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114054 </DOCNO>
High-accuracy relativistic many-body calculations of van der Waals


  Relativistic many-body calculations of van der Waals coefficients C_6 for
dimers correlating to two ground state alkaline-earth atoms at large
internuclear separations are reported. The following values and uncertainties
were determined : C_6 = 214(3) for Be, 627(12) for Mg, 2221(15) for Ca,
3170(196) for Sr, and 5160(74) for Ba in atomic units.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1578 </DOCNO>
Many-body interactions and correlations in coarse-grained descriptions


  We calculate the two, three, four, and five-body (state independent)
effective potentials between the centers of mass (CM) of self avoiding walk
polymers by Monte-Carlo simulations. For full overlap, these coarse-grained
n-body interactions oscillate in sign as (-1)^n, and decrease in absolute
magnitude with increasing n. We find semi-quantitative agreement with a scaling
theory, and use this to discuss how the coarse-grained free energy converges
when expanded to arbitrary order in the many-body potentials. We also derive
effective {\em density dependent} 2-body potentials which exactly reproduce the
pair-correlations between the CM of the self avoiding walk polymers. The
density dependence of these pair potentials can be largely understood from the
effects of the {\em density independent} 3-body potential. Triplet correlations
between the CM of the polymers are surprisingly well, but not exactly,
described by our coarse-grained effective pair potential picture. In fact, we
demonstrate that a pair-potential cannot simultaneously reproduce the two and
three body correlations in a system with many-body interactions. However, the
deviations that do occur in our system are very small, and can be explained by
the direct influence of 3-body potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125040 </DOCNO>
Physics Results From Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 1998 Shuttle Flight


  The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a particle detector designed to
detect antimatter. During the 10-day test flight on the space shuttle in June
1998, AMS detected $10^8$ events. Upon analysis, no antimatter was found and
the antimatter limit was reduced to $1.1\times10^{-6}$. The proton spectrum
shows some differences with the cosmic ray flux used in atmospheric neutrino
simulation. A large amount of protons, positrons, and electrons were found
below the geomagnetic rigidity cutoff. The energy of these particles are as
high as several GeV, one order of magnitude higher than any previously measured
energy in radiation belts. These particles also exhibit many interesting
features. This paper reviews the results in the four published papers of the
AMS collaboration and provides explanation for some features of the albedo
particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2217 </DOCNO>
Energy loss of charged particles interacting with simple metal surfaces


  Self-consistent calculations of the energy-loss spectra of charged particles
moving near a plane-bounded free electron gas are reported. Energy-loss
probabilities are obtained, within linear-response theory, from the knowledge
of the density-response function of the inhomogeneous electron system.
Self-consistent single-particle wave functions and energies are obtained by
solving the Kohn-Sham equation of density-functional theory, and the electronic
response is then computed either in the random-phase approximation or with the
use of an adiabatic local-density approximation. Special emphasis is placed on
the various contributions from collective and electron-hole excitations to the
energy loss of charged particles moving parallel with the surface. The effect
of the electronic selvage at a metal surface on the energy-loss spectra is also
discussed, by comparing our full self-consistent calculations with those
obtained for electron densities that drop abruptly to zero at the surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169184 </DOCNO>
The EPR correlations and the chameleon effect


  We describe an experiment in which two non communicating computers, starting
from a common input in the form of sequences of pseudo--random numbers in the
interval $[0,2\pi]$, and computing deterministic $\{\pm 1\}$--valued functions,
chosen at random and independently, produce sequences of numbers whose
correlations coincide with the EPR correlations and therefore violate Bell's
inequality.
  The experiment is the practical implementation of a mathematical model of a
classical, deterministic system whose initial state is chosen at random from
its state space, with a known initial probability distribution, and whose
dynamics exhibits the chameleon effect described below. Such a system satisfies
the constraints of pre--determination, locality, causality, local independent
choices, singlet law and reproduces the EPR correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128743 </DOCNO>
ISO-LWS two colour diagram of young stellar objects


  We present a [60--100] vs. [100--170] $\mu$m two colour diagram for a sample
of 61 young stellar objects (YSOs) observed with the Long Wavelength
Spectrometer (LWS) on-board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The sample
consists of 17 Class 0 sources, 15 Class I, 9 Bright Class I ($L_{\rm bol}>10^4
L_\odot$), 20 Class II (14 Herbig Ae/Be stars and 6 T Tauri stars). We find
that each class occupies a well defined region in our diagram with colour
temperatures increasing from Class 0 to Class II. Therefore the [60--100] vs.
[100--170] two colours diagram is a powerful and simple tool to derive from
future (e.g. with the Herschel Space Observatory) photometric surveys the
evolutionary status of YSOs. The advantage over other tools already developed
is that photometry at other wavelengths is not required: three flux
measurements are enough to derive the evolutionary status of a source. As an
example we use the colours of the YSO IRAS 18148$-$0440 to classify it as
Class I. The main limitation of this work is the low spatial resolution of the
LWS which, for some objects, causes a high uncertainty in the measured fluxes
due to the background emission or to the source confusion inside the LWS beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97220 </DOCNO>
Galois covers of degree p: semi-stable reduction and Galois action


  In this paper we study the semi-stable reduction of Galois covers of degree p
above semi-stable curves over a complete discrete valuation ring of inequal
characteristics (0,p). We are also able to describe the Galois action on these
covers in terms of some geometric and combinatorial datas in characteristic p
endowed with the action of the Galois group of the residue field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83965 </DOCNO>
Combining semantic and syntactic structure for language modeling


  Structured language models for speech recognition have been shown to remedy
the weaknesses of n-gram models. All current structured language models are,
however, limited in that they do not take into account dependencies between
non-headwords. We show that non-headword dependencies contribute to
significantly improved word error rate, and that a data-oriented parsing model
trained on semantically and syntactically annotated data can exploit these
dependencies. This paper also contains the first DOP model trained by means of
a maximum likelihood reestimation procedure, which solves some of the
theoretical shortcomings of previous DOP models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95990 </DOCNO>
A unified view of some vertex operator constructions


  We present a general vertex operator construction based on the Fock space for
an affine Lie algebras of type $A$. This construction allows us to give a
unified treatment for both the homogeneous and principle realizations of the
affine Lie algebras $\hat{gl}_N$ as well as for some extended affine Lie
algebras coordinatized by certain quantum tori.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73982 </DOCNO>
Testing Relativistic Effect of Propagation of Gravity by Very-Long


  It is shown that the finite speed of gravity affects very-long baseline
interferometric observations of quasars during the time of their line-of-sight
close angular encounter with Jupiter. The next such event will take place in
2002, September 8. The present Letter suggests a new experimental test of
general relativity in which the effect of propagation of gravity can be
directly measured by very-long baseline interferometry as an excess time delay
in addition to the logarithmic Shapiro time delay (Shapiro, I. I., 1964, Phys.
Rev. Lett., 13, 789).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73696 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Production of Doubly Charmed Baryons via Charm Exitation in


  The production of baryons containing two charmed quarks Xi_cc in hadronic
interactions at high energies and large transverse momenta is considered. It is
supposed, that Xi_cc-baryon is formed during a non-perturbative fragmentation
of the (cc)-diquark, which was produced in the hard process of $c$-quark
scattering from the colliding protons: c+c -> (cc) +g. It is shown that such
mechanism enhances the expected doubly charmed baryon production cross section
on Tevatron and LHC colliders approximately 2 times in contrast to predictions,
obtained in the model of gluon - gluon production of (cc)-diquarks in the
leading order of perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 988 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio study of disorder effects on the electronic and magnetic


  We have investigated the electronic structure of ordered and disordered
Sr$_2$FeMoO$_6$ using {\it ab-initio} band structure methods. The effect of
disorder was simulated within super-cell calculations to realize several
configurations with mis-site disorders. It is found that such disorder effects
destroy the half-metallic ferro-magnetic state of the ordered compound. It also
leads to a substantial reduction of the magnetic moments at the Fe sites in the
disordered configurations. Most interestingly, it is found for the disordered
configurations, that the magnetic coupling within the Fe sub-lattice as well as
that within the Mo sub-lattice always remain ferro-magnetic, while the two
sub-lattices couple anti-ferromagnetically, in close analogy to the magnetic
structure of the ordered compound, but in contrast to recent suggestions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125991 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared Census of Starburst-Seyfert Connection


  Far-infrared flux densities are newly extracted from the IRAS database for
the RSA and CfA complete samples of Seyfert galaxies. These data are used to
classify the Seyfert galaxies into those where the far-infrared continuum
emission is dominated by the active galactic nucleus (AGN), circumnuclear
starburst, or host galaxy.
 While AGN-dominant objects consist of comparable numbers of Seyfert 1 and 2
galaxies, starburst- and host-dominant objects consist preferentially of
Seyfert 2 galaxies. Thus, in addition to the dusty torus, the circumnuclear
starburst region and host galaxy are important in hiding the broad-line region.
 Morphologically, starburst-dominant Seyfert galaxies are of later types and
more strongly interacting than AGN-dominant Seyfert galaxies. In a later-type
galaxy, the AGN central engine has a lower Eddington luminosity, and the
gaseous content is higher. The gas is efficiently supplied to the starburst via
a galaxy-galaxy interaction. Morphologies of host-dominant Seyfert galaxies are
of various types.
 Since starbursts in Seyfert galaxies are older than those in classical
starburst galaxies, we propose an evolution from starburst to
starburst-dominant Seyfert to host-dominant Seyfert for a late-type galaxy. An
evolution from AGN-dominant Seyfert to host-dominant Seyfert is proposed for an
early-type galaxy. These sequences have durations of a few x 10^8 yr and occur
repeatedly within a galaxy during its evolution from a late type to an early
type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125555 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Classification of 42 LMC OB Stars: Selection of Probes for


  Interstellar C IV absorption line studies of the hot gaseous halo of the
Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) have been hindered by non-ideal selections of
early-type probe stars in regions where C+3 can be produced locally via
photoionization, fast stellar winds, or supernovae. To observe stars outside
such regions, precise spectral classifications of OB stars in the field are
needed. Therefore, we have obtained medium-dispersion spectra of 42 early-type
stars in the LMC that are distributed outside superbubbles or supergiant
shells. The spectral classification of these stars is presented in this paper.
Nineteen of these program stars have spectral types between B1 and O7, and are
thus suitable probes for interstellar C IV absorption line studies of the hot
gaseous halo of the LMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75408 </DOCNO>
Dimensional regularization of a compact dimension


  An extension of dimensional regularization to the case of compact dimensions
is presented. The procedure preserves the Kaluza-Klein tower structure, but has
a regulator specific to the compact dimension. Possible 5 and 4 dimensional
divergent as well as manifest finite contributions of (one-loop) Feynman graphs
can easily be identified in this scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128502 </DOCNO>
The X-ray surface brightness profiles of hot galaxy clusters up to


  We study the ROSAT surface brightness profiles of a sample of 25 distant
(0.3<z<0.83) hot (kT>3.5keV) clusters. For both open and flat cosmological
models, the derived emission measure profiles are scaled according to the
self-similar model of cluster formation. We use the standard scaling relations
of cluster properties with z and temperature, with the empirical slope of the
Mgas-T relation derived by Neumann & Arnaud (2001). Using a \chi^2 test, we
perform a quantitative comparison of the scaled emission measure profiles of
distant clusters with a reference profile derived from the sample of 15 hot
nearby clusters compiled by Neumann & Arnaud (1999), which were found to obey
self-similarity. For a low density flat universe, the distant cluster scaled
data were found to be consistent, both in shape and normalisation, with the
reference local profile.It indicates that hot clusters constitute a homologous
family up to high z, and supports the standard picture of structure formation
for the dark matter component. Because of the intrinsic regularity in the hot
cluster population, the scaled profiles can be used as distance indicators, the
correct cosmology being the one for which the profiles at different redshifts
coincide. The present data allow us to put a tight constraint on Omega0 for a
flat Universe: Omega0=0.40^{+0.15}_{-0.12} at 90% confidence level (statistical
errors only). The critical model was excluded at the 98% confidence level.
Consistently, the observed evolution of the normalisation of the Lx-T relation
was found to comply with the self-similar model for Omega0=0.4, Lambda=0.6. The
constraint derived on Omega0 is in remarkable agreement with the constraint
obtained from SNI or from combined analysis of the power spectrum of the 2dFGRS
and the CMB anisotropy. ABRIDGED

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128890 </DOCNO>
First detection of the growing humps at the rapidly rising stage of


  We report on time-series photometric observations in the earliest stages of
superoutbursts of the extreme dwarf novae, AL Com and WZ Sge, which started on
2001 May after the 6 years quiescence and on 2001 July after the 23 years
quiescence, respectively. We detected growth of ``early superhumps'' during the
each rising stage. Our observations reject the mass transfer instability for
the trigger of the superoutburst of WZ Sge stars, and show the existence of
some relations between the ``early superhumps'' and the spiral structure, which
give a hint of the origin of the ``early superhumps.''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97187 </DOCNO>
On a geometric equation with critical nonlinearity on the boundary


  A theorem of Escobar asserts that, on a positive three dimensional smooth
compact Riemannian manifold with boundary which is not conformally equivalent
to the standard three dimensional ball, a necessary and sufficient condition
for a $C^2$ function $H$ to be the mean curvature of some conformal flat metric
is that $H$ is positive somewhere. We show that, when the boundary is umbilic
and the function $H$ is positive everywhere, all such metrics stay in a compact
set with respect to the $C^2$ norm and the total degree of all solutions is
equal to -1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86147 </DOCNO>
Poincare' invariance for continuous-time histories


  We show that the relativistic analogue of the two types of time translation
in a non-relativistic history theory is the existence of two distinct
Poincar\'{e} groups. The `internal' Poincar\'{e} group is analogous to the one
that arises in the standard canonical quantisation scheme; the `external'
Poincar\'{e} group is similar to the group that arises in a Lagrangian
description of the standard theory. In particular, it performs explicit changes
of the spacetime foliation that is implicitly assumed in standard canonical
field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179185 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Distortion in Quasielastic $(e,e')$ Scattering on Nuclei:


  The role of the effective momentum approximation to disentangle Coulomb
distortion effects in quasielastic $(e,e')$ reactions is investigated. The
separation of the cross section in longitudinal and transverse components is
discussed including higher order DWBA corrections due to the focusing of the
electron waves.The experimental studies performed, in the last few years,
making use of different approximate treatments are shown to be sometime
inconsistent. As a consequence some of the longitudinal and transverse
responses, extracted from the inclusive cross sections cannot be considered
reliable. A separation procedure based on the effective momentum approximation
is discussed in connection with the recent experimental data on
electron/positron quasielastic scattering on $^{12}$C and $^{208}$Pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76238 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Constituent Quark Model


  Modern experiment requires a reliable theoretical framework for low energy
QCD. Some of the requirements for constructing a new model of QCD are presented
here. Progress toward these requirements are highlighted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73034 </DOCNO>
CP violation effects and high energy neutrinos


  This work discusses critically the prospects of measuring CP and T violation
effects in high energy neutrino factories. For this purpose we develop, in the
standard framework with three neutrino flavors, simple expressions for the
oscillation probabilities in matter that are valid for high E_nu. All CP
violating effects vanish as E_nu^(-3) and are very difficult to detect with
high energy neutrinos. A significantly easier task is the determination of the
absolute value |delta| of the phase in the neutrino mixing matrix that controls
the CP and T violation effects, performing precision measurements of the CP and
T conserving part of the oscillation probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5259 </DOCNO>
Mapping a depinning transition to polynuclear growth


  We develop a phenomenological mapping between submonolayer polynuclear growth
(PNG) and the interface dynamics at and below the depinning transition in the
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation for a negative non-linearity \lambda. This is
possible since the phase transition is of first-order, with no diverging
correlation length as the transition is approached from below. The morphology
of the still-active and pinned configurations and the interface velocity are
compared to the PNG picture. The interface mean height scales as erf(t).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126077 </DOCNO>
The Galaxy Correlation Function in the CNOC2 Redshift Survey: Dependence


  We examine how the spatial correlation function of galaxies from the CNOC2
Field Galaxy Redshift Survey depends on galaxy color, luminosity and redshift.
The projected correlation function w_p is determined for volume-limited samples
of objects with 0.12 < z < 0.51 and evolution-compensated Rc absolute
magnitudes M < -20, over the comoving projected separation range 0.04 Mpc/h <
r_p < 10 Mpc/h. Our sample consists of 2937 galaxies which are classified as
being either early- or late-type objects according to their spectral energy
distribution (SED), determined from UBVRcIc photometry. For simplicity, galaxy
SEDs are classified independently of redshift: our classification scheme
therefore does not take into account the colour evolution of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5161 </DOCNO>
Structural phase control of (La$_{1.48}$Nd$_{0.40}$Sr$_{0.12}$)CuO$_4$


  Epitaxial growth of (La$_{1.48}$Nd$_{0.40}$Sr$_{0.12}$)CuO$_4$ thin
films was studied by pulsed-laser deposition technique on three different
substrates, SrTiO$_3$ (100), LaSrAlO$_4$ (001), and YAlO$_3$ (001). The
(Nd,Sr,Ce)$_2$CuO$_4$-type structure appears at the initial growth stage on
SrTiO$_3$ (100) when the film is deposited under the growth conditions
optimized for (La,Sr)$_2$CuO$_4$. This (Nd,Sr,Ce)$_2$CuO$_4$-type
structure can be eliminated by increasing the substrate temperature and the
laser repetition frequency. Films on LaSrAlO$_4$ (001) maintain a
La$_2$CuO$_4$-type structure as bulk samples, but those on YAlO$_3$ (001)
show phase separation into La$_2$CuO$_4$- and Nd$_2$CuO$_4$-type
structures. Such complicated results are explained in terms of the competition
between lattice misfit and thermodynamic conditions. Interestingly the films
with La$_2$CuO$_4$-type structure prepared on SrTiO$_3$ and LaSrAlO$_4$
show different surface structures and transport properties. The results
indicate the possibility of controlling charge stripes of
(La$_{1.48}$Nd$_{0.40}$Sr$_{0.12}$)CuO$_4$ as was demonstrated in
(La,Ba)$_2$CuO$_4$ thin films by Sato et al. (Phys. Rev. B {\bf 62},
R799 (2000)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6866 </DOCNO>
Gradually Truncated Log-normal distribution - Size distribution of firms


  Gradually Truncated Log-normal distribution - Size distribution of firms
  Abstract
  Many natural and economical phenomena are described through power law or log-
normal distributions. In these cases, probability decreases very slowly with
step size compared to normal distribution. Thus it is essential to cut-off
these distributions for larger step size. Recently we introduce the gradually
truncated power law distribution to successfully describe variation of
financial, educational, physical and citation index. In the present work, we
introduce gradually truncated log-normal distribution in which we gradually
cut- off larger steps due to physical limitation of the system. We applied this
distribution successfully to size distribution of USA.\'{}s manufactoring firms
which is measured through their annual sell. The physical limitation are due to
limited market size or shortage of highly competent executives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148802 </DOCNO>
The Identity String Field and the Tachyon Vacuum


  We show that the triviality of the entire cohomology of the new BRST operator
Q around the tachyon vacuum is equivalent to the Q-exactness of the identity I
of the star-algebra. We use level truncation to show that as the level is
increased, the identity becomes more accurately Q-exact. We carry our
computations up to level nine, where an accuracy of 3% is attained. Our work
supports, under a new light, Sen's conjecture concerning the absence of open
string degrees of freedom around the tachyon vacuum. As a by-product, a new and
simple expression for I in terms of Virasoro operators is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148045 </DOCNO>
Holographic Renormalization Group and Fermionic Boundary Data


  We discuss Holographic Renormalization Group equations in the presence of
fermions and form fields in the bulk. The existence of a holographically dual
quantum field theory for a given bulk gravity theory imposes consistency
conditions on the ranks of the form fields, the fermion - form field couplings,
and leads to a novel Ward identity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174734 </DOCNO>
Stopping in Relativistic Heavy Ion Reactions - From SIS to RHIC


  The status of stopping in heavy ion reactions is reviewed by comparing
available data in pp, pA and AA systems over the energy regime sqrt(s_NN) ~ 2.5
- 130 GeV/c. The data consist of average rapidity losses, anti-proton over
proton ratios, and net-baryon values at mid-rapidity. The overall features of
nuclear stopping are reasonbly well described by simple extrapolations of pp,
and pA collisions to AA

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167940 </DOCNO>
Maximum-likelihood estimation of quantum measurement


  Maximum likelihood estimation is applied to the determination of an unknown
quantum measurement. The measuring apparatus performs measurements on many
different quantum states and the positive operator-valued measures governing
the measurement statistics are then inferred from the collected data via
Maximum-likelihood principle. In contrast to the procedures based on linear
inversion, our approach always provides physically sensible result. We
illustrate the method on the case of Stern-Gerlach apparatus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114410 </DOCNO>
Polarization transfer in SIDIS for Lambda production


  Polarization transfer from the longitudinally polarized positron to the
final-state quark is considered for the underlying QCD subprocesses giving rise
to the reaction e+(pol) + p --> e+ + Lambda(pol) + X at the HERMES energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96852 </DOCNO>
Cohomological restrictions on Kahler groups


  The number of the relations of a Kahler group is bounded below by the number
of the generators and some geometric invariants of the corresponding compact
Kahler manifold, like the irregularity, the Albanese dimension and the Albanese
genera. Appropriate functions of the aforementioned geometric invariants are
shown to be lower bounds for the Betti numbers of the Kahler group within the
range, determined by the Albanese dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149895 </DOCNO>
Radiation via Tunneling in the Charged BTZ Black Hole


  It is often convenient to view Hawking (black hole) radiation as a process of
quantum tunneling. Within this framework, Kraus and Wilczek (KW) have initiated
an analytical treatment of black hole emission. Notably, their methodology
incorporates the effects of a dynamical black hole geometry. In the current
paper, the KW formalism is applied to the case of a charged BTZ black hole. In
the context of this interesting model, we are able to demonstrate a non-thermal
spectrum, with the usual Hawking result being reproduced at zeroth order in
frequency. Considerable attention is then given to the examination of
near-extremal thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113952 </DOCNO>
Lane-Emden Equation: Picard vs Pade


  The very accurate analytical solutions are found to Lane-Emden equation of
arbitrary index, n, using Picard type iteration scheme and rational Pade
approximants. For n=2 the dimensionless polytropic "radius" and "mass" are
4.35287459595 and 2.4110450121, with the largest ever accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96221 </DOCNO>
Th\'eor\`emes d'alg\'ebrisation en g\'eom\'etrie diophantienne


  In a recent paper, J.-B. Bost establishes a criterion for certain ``formal
subvarieties'' of algebraic varieties to be algebraic. His theorem unifies and
generalizes results of Chudnovsky's and Y. Andr\'e, motivated by an arithmetic
conjecture of Grothendieck that predicts that the solutions of certain
differential equations are algebraic functions. The proof makes use of the
diophantine approximation techniques introduced by these authors but with a
systematic geometric point of view, notably via Arakelov geometry and the
formalism of ``slopes''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113596 </DOCNO>
New Improvements for Mie Scattering Calculations


  New improvements to compute Mie scattering quantities are presented. They are
based on a detailed analysis of the various sources of error in Mie
computations and on mathematical justifications. The algorithm developed on
these improvements proves to be reliable and efficient, without size ($x=2\pi
R/\lambda$) nor refractive index ($m=m_R-{\rm i}m_I$) limitations, and the user
has a choice to fix in advance the desired precision in the results. It also
includes a new and efficient method to initiate the downward recurrences of
Bessel functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3379 </DOCNO>
Irreversibility and Dephasing from Vacuum Fluctuations


  We investigate the role of vacuum (zero-point) fluctuations in generating
decoherence in a number of simple models. First we discuss a harmonic
oscillator coupled to a semi-infinite elastic string and discuss the
irreversible nature of such a bath. We investigate the fluctuations in energy
of the oscillator and discuss the trace the oscillator leaves in the bath. Most
of the work deals with two-level systems coupled to a bosonic bath (a
transmission line). For two-level systems with a Hamiltonian that commutes with
the total Hamiltonian (system plus coupling plus bath) the ground state is a
pure state. The energy of the system is a constant of motion. For the general
case, the energy of the two-level system fluctuates, and the ground state is
only partially coherent. A particular realization of such a two level system
consists of a mesoscopic ring with a quantum dot coupled capacitively to a
transmission line. In the presence of an Aharonov-Bohm flux this system
exhibits a persistent current. This current is a measure of the coherence of
the ground state. As a function of the coupling strength the ground state
undergoes a crossover from a state characterized by a time-averaged persistent
current which is much larger than its time-averaged mean squared fluctuations
to a state characterized by a persistent current with an average amplitude that
is much smaller than its mean squared fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2744 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator transition in the double perovskites


  We construct an effective Hamiltonian for the motion of electrons among the
transition metal ions of ordered double perovskites like Sr2FeMoO6. in which
strong intra-atomic Coulomb repulsion U is present in only one of the
inequivalent transition metal sites. Using a slave-boson formalism, we
construct a phase diagram which describes a charge transfer transition between
insulating and metallic behavior as the parameters of the model are changed.
The parameters for Sr2FeMoO6 are estimated from first-principles calculations
and a transition to the insulating state with negative pressure is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75248 </DOCNO>
Spectral function at high temperature in the classical approximation


  At high temperature the infrared modes of a weakly coupled quantum field
theory can be treated nonperturbatively in real time using the classical field
approximation. We use this to introduce a nonperturbative approach to the
calculation of finite-temperature spectral functions, employing the classical
KMS condition in real time. The method is illustrated for the one-particle
spectral function in a scalar field theory in 2+1 dimensions. The result is
compared with resummed two-loop perturbation theory and both the plasmon mass
and width are found to agree with the analytical prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73589 </DOCNO>
Curvature perturbation at the local extremum of the inflaton's potential


  The spectrum of curvature perturbation generated during inflation is studied
in the case the inflation-driving scalar field (inflaton) $\phi$ crosses over
its potential extremum. It is shown that the nondecaying mode of perturbation
has a finite value and a proper formula is given. The result is also extended
to more general cases where $\ddot{\phi}$ is non-negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167978 </DOCNO>
Motional Casimir force


  We study the situation where two point like mirrors are placed in the vacuum
state of a scalar field in a two-dimensional spacetime. Describing the
scattering upon the mirrors by transmittivity and reflectivity functions
obeying unitarity, causality and high frequency transparency conditions, we
compute the fluctuations of the Casimir forces exerted upon the two motionless
mirrors. We use the linear response theory to derive the motional forces
exerted upon one mirror when it moves or when the other one moves. We show that
these forces may be resonantly enhanced at the frequencies corresponding to the
cavity modes. We interpret them as the mechanical consequence of generation of
squeezed fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95965 </DOCNO>
Polynomial splitting of Casson-Gordon invariants


  In this paper we prove that Casson-Gordon invariants of the connected sum of
two knots split when the Alexander polynomials of the knots are coprime. It
follows that all but finitely many twisted doubles of a knot are linearly
independent in the knot concordance group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126292 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Clustering in Early SDSS Redshift Data


  We present the first measurements of clustering in the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) galaxy redshift survey. Our sample consists of 29,300 galaxies
with redshifts 5,700 km/s < cz < 39,000 km/s, distributed in several long but
narrow (2.5-5 degree) segments, covering 690 square degrees. For the full,
flux-limited sample, the redshift-space correlation length is approximately 8
Mpc/h. The two-dimensional correlation function \xi(r_p,\pi) shows clear
signatures of both the small-scale, ``fingers-of-God'' distortion caused by
velocity dispersions in collapsed objects and the large-scale compression
caused by coherent flows, though the latter cannot be measured with high
precision in the present sample. The inferred real-space correlation function
is well described by a power law, \xi(r)=(r/6.1+/-0.2 Mpc/h)^{-1.75+/-0.03},
for 0.1 Mpc/h < r < 16 Mpc/h. The galaxy pairwise velocity dispersion is
\sigma_{12} ~ 600+/-100 km/s for projected separations 0.15 Mpc/h < r_p < 5
Mpc/h. When we divide the sample by color, the red galaxies exhibit a stronger
and steeper real-space correlation function and a higher pairwise velocity
dispersion than do the blue galaxies. The relative behavior of subsamples
defined by high/low profile concentration or high/low surface brightness is
qualitatively similar to that of the red/blue subsamples. Our most striking
result is a clear measurement of scale-independent luminosity bias at r < 10
Mpc/h: subsamples with absolute magnitude ranges centered on M_*-1.5, M_*, and
M_*+1.5 have real-space correlation functions that are parallel power laws of
slope ~ -1.8 with correlation lengths of approximately 7.4 Mpc/h, 6.3 Mpc/h,
and 4.7 Mpc/h, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83896 </DOCNO>
Bigger May Not Be Better: An Empirical Analysis of Optimal Membership


  Peer to peer networks will become an increasingly important distribution
channel for consumer information goods and may play a role in the distribution
of information within corporations. Our research analyzes optimal membership
rules for these networks in light of positive and negative externalities
additional users impose on the network. Using a dataset gathered from the six
largest OpenNap-based networks, we find that users impose a positive network
externality based on the desirability of the content they provide and a
negative network externality based on demands they place on the network.
Further we find that the marginal value of additional users is declining and
the marginal cost is increasing in the number of current users. This suggests
that multiple small networks may serve user communities more efficiently than
single monolithic networks and that network operators may wish to specialize in
their content and restrict membership based on capacity constraints and user
content desirability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2659 </DOCNO>
Anderson impurity model at finite Coulomb interaction U: generalized


  We present an extension of the non-crossing approximation (NCA), which is
widely used to calculate properties of Anderson impurity models in the limit of
infinite Coulomb repulsion $U\to\infty$, to the case of finite $U$. A
self-consistent conserving pseudo-particle representation is derived by
symmetrizing the usual NCA diagrams with respect to empty and doubly occupied
local states. This requires an infinite summation of skeleton diagrams in the
generating functional thus defining the ``Symmetrized finite-U NCA'' (SUNCA).
We show that within SUNCA the low energy scale $T_K$ (Kondo temperature) is
correctly obtained, in contrast to other simpler approximations discussed in
the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87234 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Metric Relativity


  This is a survey of a new type of relativistic space-time framework; the
"quasi-metric" framework. See the abstract of gr-qc/0111110 to get some idea of
its geometrical basis. A theory of gravity consistent with the quasi-metric
framework is presented. It is not yet clear whether or not this theory is
viable, but in its non-metric sector it makes successful predictions from first
principles where metric theories fail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77035 </DOCNO>
Brane Gravity at Low Energy


  Four dimensional gravity in the low energy limit of a higher dimensional
theory has been expected to be a (generalized) Brans-Dicke theory. A subtle
point in brane world scenarios is that the system of four dimensional effective
gravitational equations is not closed due to bulk gravitational waves and bulk
scalars. Nonetheless, weak gravity on the brane can be analyzed completely. We
revisit the theory of weak brane gravity using gauge-invariant gravitational
and scalar perturbations around a background warped geometry with a bulk scalar
between two flat branes. We show that for general potentials of the scalar
field (which does or does not provide radion stabilization) and a general
conformal transformation to a frame in which matter on the branes are minimally
coupled to the metric, 4-dimensional Einstein gravity, not BD gravity, is
restored at low energies on either brane. In contrast, in RS brane world
scenario without a bulk scalar, low energy gravity is BD one. We conjecture
that in general brane world scenarios with more than one scalar field, one will
again encounter low energy BD gravity with the BD parameter depending on the
bulk scalar sector. Equipped with the weak gravity results, we discuss the
properties of 4d brane gravitational equations, in particular, the value and
sign of 4d Newton's gravitational coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95974 </DOCNO>
Fuel-Optimal Rendezvous in a Central Force Field with Linear Drag


  In this paper we consider the fuel-optimal rendezvous between a satellite and
a spacecraft in a central force field with a drag force that is linear in the
velocity. In this general setting we linearize the equations of motion of the
spacecraft and show that they can be reduced effectively, in the case of a
linear drag, to one second order linear differential equation. We then
specialize to the case of inverse square laws. Under certain simplifying
assumptions a state-transition matrix can be found in terms of integrals. The
work can then be placed in the context of various control models that have been
developed in previouswork. PAPER WAS WITHDRAWN BY AUTHORS. IT will apprear in
AIAA J. Guidance and Control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4983 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Scaling of the Conductance of Epitaxial Cuprate-Manganite


  Conductance-voltage characteristics of epitaxial interfaces between oxide
ferromagnets and oxide superconductors have been measured as a function of
temperature and magnetic field. Their functional form is similar to that
predicted by theories of transport across nearly transparent contacts between
highly spin-polarized ferromagnets and d-wave superconductors. However, their
magnetic field dependencies scale in striking and unusual ways, challenging our
current understanding. Existing theories fail to account for apparent
nonequilibium effects that are natural for spin injection in such geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150252 </DOCNO>
On free massless (pseudo)scalar quantum field theory in 1+1-dimensional


  We construct a consistent quantum field theory of a free massless
(pseudo)scalar field in 1+1-dimensional space-times free of infrared
divergences. We show that a continuous symmetry of (pseudo)scalar field
translations is spontaneously broken. Goldstone bosons appear as quanta of a
free massless (pseudo)scalar field. We show that the main inequality between
vacuum expectation values of certain operators which has been used for the
derivation of the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg theorem is fulfilled in the quantum
field theory of a free massless (pseudo)scalar field free of infrared
divergences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96634 </DOCNO>
A De Rham-Witt approach to crystalline rational homotopy theory


  We construct the crystalline fundamental group of a semi-stable variety over
a field of positive characteristic using the log De Rham-Witt complex and
Navarro-Aznar's derived Thom-Whitney functor. This approach gives a relatively
direct comparison theorem with the De Rham fundamental group in the liftable
case. Also, we get a natural weight filtration which makes the coordinate ring
of the crystalline fundamental group into a mixed isocrystal when the variety
is defined over a finite field. Finally, the monodromy operator on the
crystalline fundamental group is used to prove a crystalline analogue of Oda's
good reduction criterion for curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3774 </DOCNO>
Glass transition of an epoxy resin induced by temperature, pressure and


  A comparative study is reported on the dynamics of a glass-forming epoxy
resin when the glass transition is approached through different paths: cooling,
compression, and polymerization. In particular, the influence of temperature,
pressure and chemical conversion on the dynamics has been investigated by
dielectric spectroscopy. Deep similarities are found in dynamic properties. A
unified reading of our experimental results for the structural relaxation time
is given in the framework of the Adam-Gibbs theory. The quantitative agreement
with the experimental data is remarkable, joined with physical values of the
fitting parameters. In particular, the fitting function of the isothermal
tau(P) data gives a well reasonable prediction for the molar thermal expansion
of the neat system, and the fitting function of the isobaric-isothermal tau(C)
data under step- polymerization conforms to the prediction of diverging tau at
complete conversion of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124330 </DOCNO>
How big were the first cosmological objects?


  We calculate the cooling times at constant density for halos with virial
temperatures from 100 K to 10^5 K that originate from a 3-sigma fluctuation of
a CDM power spectrum in three different cosmologies. Our intention is to
determine the first objects that can cool to low temperatures, but not to
follow their dynamical evolution. We identify two generations of halos: those
with low virial temperatures, Tvir < 9000 K that remain largely neutral, and
those with larger virial temperatures that become ionized. The
lower-temperature, lower-mass halos are the first to cool to 75 percent of
their virial temperature. The precise temperature and mass of the first objects
are dependent upon the molecular hydrogen (H2) cooling function and the
cosmological model. The higher-mass halos collapse later but, in this paradigm,
cool much more efficiently once they have done so, first via electronic
transitions and then via molecular cooling: in fact, a greater residual
ionization once the halos cool below 9000 K results in an enhanced H2
production and hence a higher cooling rate at low temperatures than for the
lower-mass halos, so that within our constant-density model it is the former
that are the first to cool to really low temperatures. We discuss the possible
significance of this result in the context of CDM models in which the shallow
slope of the initial fluctuation spectrum on small scales leads to a wide range
of halo masses (of differing overdensities) collapsing over a small redshift
interval. This ``crosstalk'' is sufficiently important that both high- and
low-mass halos collapse during the lifetimes of the massive stars which may be
formed at these epochs. Further investigation is thus required to determine
which generation of halos plays the dominant role in early structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 653 </DOCNO>
Spin chains and combinatorics: twisted boundary conditions


  The finite XXZ Heisenberg spin chain with twisted boundary conditions was
considered. For the case of even number of sites $N$, anisotropy parameter -1/2
and twisting angle $2 \pi /3$ the Hamiltonian of the system possesses an
eigenvalue $-3N/2$. The explicit form of the corresponding eigenvector was
found for $N \le 12$. Conjecturing that this vector is the ground state of the
system we made and verified several conjectures related to the norm of the
ground state vector, its component with maximal absolute value and some
correlation functions, which have combinatorial nature. In particular, the
squared norm of the ground state vector is probably coincides with the number
of half-turn symmetric alternating sign $N \times N$ matrices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149746 </DOCNO>
The Born-Infeld Sphaleron


  We study the SU(2) electroweak model in which the standard Yang-Mills
coupling is supplemented by a Born-Infeld term. The deformation of the
sphaleron and bisphaleron solutions due to the Born-Infeld term is investigated
and new branches of solutions are exhibited. Especially, we find a new branch
of solutions connecting the Born-Infeld sphaleron to the first solution of the
Kerner-Gal'tsov series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85907 </DOCNO>
On the role of $\Lambda$-term in the evolution of Bianchi-I cosmological


  Self-consistent solutions to nonlinear spinor field equations in General
Relativity are studied for the case of Bianchi type-I space-time. It has been
shown that introduction of $\Lambda$-term in the Lagrangian generates
oscillations of the Bianchi type-I model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2325 </DOCNO>
Electron Quasiparticles Drive the Superconductor-to-Insulator Transition


  Transport data on Bi, MoGe, and PbBi/Ge homogeneously-disordered thin films
demonstrate that the critical resistivity, $R_c$, at the nominal
insulator-superconductor transition is linearly proportional to the normal
sheet resistance, $R_N$. In addition, the critical magnetic field scales
linearly with the superconducting energy gap and is well-approximated by
$H_{c2}$. Because $R_N$ is determined at high temperatures and $H_{c2}$ is the
pair-breaking field, the two immediate consequences are: 1)
electron-quasiparticles populate the insulating side of the transition and 2)
standard phase-only models are incapable of describing the destruction of the
superconducting state. As gapless electronic excitations populate the
insulating state, the universality class is no longer the 3D XY model. The lack
of a unique critical resistance in homogeneously disordered films can be
understood in this context. In light of the recent experiments which observe an
intervening metallic state separating the insulator from the superconductor in
homogeneously disordered MoGe thin films, we argue that the two transitions
that accompany the destruction of superconductivity are 1) superconductor to
Bose metal in which phase coherence is lost and 2) Bose metal to localized
electron insulator via pair-breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125809 </DOCNO>
A Chandra Survey of Broad Absorption Line Quasars


  We have carried out a survey with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of a sample
of 10 optically bright broad absorption line (BAL) QSOs. Eight out of ten
sources are detected. The 6 brightest X-ray sources have only high ionization
BALs (hiBALs), while the 4 faintest all show low ionization BALs (loBALs). We
perform a combined spectral fit for hiBAL QSOs to determine the mean spectral
parameters of this sample. We derive an underlying best-fit power-law slope
Gamma=1.8+/-0.35, consistent with the mean slope for radio-quiet quasars from
ASCA, but BALQSOs require a (restframe) absorbing column of 6.5e22, with a
partial covering fraction of 80%. Removing the absorption component from our
best-fit spectral model yields a range of alphaOX from 1.55 to 2.28. All 6
hiBAL QSOs have de-absorbed X-ray emission consistent with non-BAL QSOs of
similar luminosity. The spectral energy distributions of the hiBAL QSOs - both
the underlying power-law slope and alphaOX provide the first conclusive
evidence that BALQSOs have appeared to be X-ray weak because of intrinsic
absorption, and that their underlying emission is consistent with non-BAL QSOs.
By contrast, removal of the best-fit absorption column detected in the hiBAL
QSOs still leaves the 4 loBAL QSOs as unusually X-ray faint for their optical
luminosities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97314 </DOCNO>
Remarks on small sets of reals


  We show that the Dual Borel Conjecture implies that ${\mathfrak d}> \aleph_1$
and find some topological characterizations of perfectly meager and universally
meager sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114101 </DOCNO>
A theory of mass and gravity in 4-dimensional optics


  The paper deals with the concepts of mass and gravity in the formalism of
4-dimensional optics, previously introduced by the author. It is shown that
elementary particles can be associated with 4-dimensional standing wave
patterns with the Compton wavelength and both inertial and gravitational mass
are derived from this concept and shown to be attributable to an waveguide laid
along the particle's worldline; the same formalism is shown to accommodate also
mass due to binding energy within compact bodies. Momentum exchange with
accelerated bodies through gravitons is discussed and shown similar to mode
exchange in optical fibers. Reported anomalies on the behaviour of the Foucault
pendulum, both periodic and exceptional on the occasion of solar eclipses, are
explained not only qualitatively but also on order of magnitude, resorting to
graviton exchanges between Earth and the Sun or the Moon. It is argued that
these effects provide experimental evidence of gravitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83778 </DOCNO>
A Note on Tiling under Tomographic Constraints


  Given a tiling of a 2D grid with several types of tiles, we can count for
every row and column how many tiles of each type it intersects. These numbers
are called the_projections_. We are interested in the problem of reconstructing
a tiling which has given projections. Some simple variants of this problem,
involving tiles that are 1x1 or 1x2 rectangles, have been studied in the past,
and were proved to be either solvable in polynomial time or NP-complete. In
this note we make progress toward a comprehensive classification of various
tiling reconstruction problems, by proving NP-completeness results for several
sets of tiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129658 </DOCNO>
Automated spectroscopic abundances of A and F-type stars using echelle


  This paper presents an automated method to determine detailed abundances for
A and F-type stars. This method is applied on spectra taken with the ELODIE
spectrograph. Since the standard reduction procedure of ELODIE is optimized to
obtain accurate radial velocities but not abundances, we present a more
appropriate reduction procedure based on IRAF. We describe an improvement of
the method of Hill & Landstreet (1993) for obtaining Vsini, microturbulence and
abundances by fitting a synthetic spectrum to the observed one. In particular,
the method of minimization is presented and tested with Vega and the Sun. We
show that it is possible, in the case of the Sun, to recover the abundances of
27 elements well within 0.1 dex of the commonly accepted values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3858 </DOCNO>
Phases of Neon, Xenon, and Methane adsorbed on nanotube bundles


  We explore the behavior of neon, xenon, and methane filmas adsorbed on the
external surface of a bundle of carbon nanotubes. The methods used are
classical: a ground state calculation, by grand potential energy minimization,
and the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method of simulation. Our results
are similar to those found recently in a GCMC study of Ar and Kr. At low
chemical potential (pressure) the particles form a quasi-one dimensional phase
within the groove formed by two contiguous tubes. At higher chemical potential,
there occurs a "three-stripe" phase aligned parallel to the groove (except for
xenon). This is followed by monolayer and bilayer phases. The low temperature
monolayer phase is striped; the number of stripes per nanotube is a quantized
function of the adatom size. In the neon case, the bilayer regime also includes
a second layer groove phase. Our results are compared with recent thermal and
diffraction experiments. We find no evidence of a zig-zag phase reported
recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179531 </DOCNO>
Quadrupole Oscillations as Paradigm of the Chaotic Motion in Nuclei.


  The present communication is a continuation of the review, the first part of
which was presented in nucl-th/0109033. The second part dealswith the
manifistation of Chaotic dynamics at quantum level. The variations of
statistical properties of energy spectrum in the process of R-C-R transition
have been studied in detail. We proved that the type of the classical motion is
correlated with the structure of the eigenfunctions of highly excited states in
the R-C-R transition. Shell structure destruction induced by the increase of
nonintegrable perturbation was analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148494 </DOCNO>
Orientifold dual for stuck NS5 branes


  We establish T-duality between NS5 branes stuck on an orientifold 8-plane in
type I' and an orientifold construction in type IIB with D7 branes intersecting
at angles. Two applications are discussed. For one we obtain new brane
constructions, realizing field theories with gauge group a product of
symplectic factors, giving rise to a large new class of conformal N=1 theories
embedded in string theory. Second, by studying a D2 brane probe in the type I'
background, we get some information on the still elusive (0,4) linear sigma
model describing a perturbative heterotic string on an ADE singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124493 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Observations of the Quadruply Lensed Quasar RX


  We present results from X-ray observations of the quadruply lensed quasar RX
J0911.4+0551 using data obtained with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer
(ACIS) on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The 29 ks observation detects a
total of ~404 X-ray photons (0.3 to 7.0 keV) from the four images of the lensed
quasar. Deconvolution of the aspect corrected data resolves all four lensed
images, with relative positions in good agreement with optical measurements.
When compared to contemporaneous optical data, one of the lensed images
(component A3) is dimmer by a factor of ~6 in X-rays with respect to the 2
brighter images (components A1 and A2). Spectral fitting for the combined
images shows significant intrinsic absorption in the soft (0.2 to 2.4 keV)
energy band, consistent with the mini-BAL nature of this quasar, while a
comparison with ROSAT PSPC observations from 1990 shows a drop of ~6.5 in the
total soft bandpass flux. The observations also detect ~157 X-ray photons
arising from extended emission of the nearby cluster (peaked ~42" SW of
RXJ0911.4+0551) responsible for the large external shear present in the system.
The Chandra observation reveals the cluster emission to be complex and
non-spherical, and yields a cluster temperature of kT = 2.3^{+1.8}_{-0.8} keV
and a 2.0 to 10 keV cluster luminosity within a 1 Mpc radius of L_X =
7.6_{-0.2}^{+0.6} x 10^{43} ergs/s (error bars denote 90% confidence limits).
Our mass estimate of the cluster within its virial radius is 2.3^{+1.8}_{-0.7}
x 10^{14} solar, and is a factor of 2 smaller than, although consistent with,
previous mass estimates based on the observed cluster velocity dispersion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3388 </DOCNO>
Full 2D Numerical Study of the Quantum Hall Skyrme Crystal


  Spin textures arise in the effective action approach to the quantum Hall
effect. Up to now these textures, also called Skyrmions, have been mainly
studied using approximations. Studies of its finite density form, the crystal,
have been limited to a given symmetry and tend ignore Skyrmion deformation.
Using a simulated annealing technique, adapted to problems with a long-range
interaction, we are able to present the first full 2D study of quantum Hall
Skyrmions and the corresponding crystals. Our results show that only the
Skyrmions with topological charge one and two are bound and that the Skyrme
crystal is probably a triangular lattice made of charge-two Skyrmions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129191 </DOCNO>
The Universal Equilibrium of CDM Halos: Making Tracks on the Cosmic


  Dark-matter halos are the scaffolding around which galaxies and clusters are
built. They form when the gravitational instability of primordial density
fluctuations causes regions which are denser than average to slow their cosmic
expansion, recollapse, and virialize. Objects as different in size and mass as
dwarf spheroidal galaxies and galaxy clusters are predicted by the CDM model to
have halos with a universal, self-similar equilibrium structure whose
parameters are determined by the halo's total mass and collapse redshift. These
latter two are statistically correlated, however, since halos of the same mass
form on average at the same epoch, with small-mass objects forming first and
then merging hierarchically.
  The structural properties of dark-matter dominated halos of different masses,
therefore, should reflect this statistical correlation, an imprint of the
statistical properties of the primordial density fluctuations which formed
them. Current data reveal these correlations, providing a fundamental test of
the CDM model which probes the shape of the power spectrum of primordial
density fluctuations and the cosmological background parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75478 </DOCNO>
Three Loop Estimate of the Inclusive Semileptonic $b\to c$ Decay Rate


  The renormalization-scale ($\mu$) dependence of the two-loop inclusive
semileptonic $b\to c\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell$ decay rate is shown to be significant
in the pole mass scheme, and the decay rate is shown to be poorly convergent in
the MS-bar scheme. Three-loop contributions to the decay rate are estimated by
developing Pade approximant techniques particularly suited to perturbative
calculations in the pole mass scheme. An optimized Pade estimate of the
three-loop contributions is obtained by comparison of the Pade estimates with
the three-loop terms determined by renormalization-group invariance. The
resulting three-loop estimate in the pole-mass scheme exhibits minimal
sensitivity to the renormalization scale near $\mu=1.0 GeV$, leading to an
estimated decay rate of $192\pi^3\Gamma(b\to
c\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell)/(G_F^2|V_{cb}|^2)=992\pm 217 GeV^5$ inclusive of
theoretical uncertainties and non-perturbative effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128739 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Emission from Central Binary Systems of Planetary Nebulae


  We study the conditions under which a main sequence binary companion to the
central ionizing star of a planetary nebula (PN) might become magnetically
active and thereby display strong X-ray luminosity. Since most PNe are older
than few billion years, any main sequence companion will rotate too slowly to
have magnetic activity and hence bright X-ray emission, unless it is spun-up.
We demonstrate that if the orbital separation during the AGB phase of the PN
progenitor is less than 30-60 AU, main sequence companions in the spectral type
range F7 to M4 will accrete enough angular momentum from the AGB wind to rotate
rapidly, become magnetically active, and exhibit strong X-ray luminosities.
Lower mass M stars and brown dwarfs can also become magnetically active, but
they should have small orbital separations and hence are less likely to survive
the AGB phase of the progenitor. We estimate that 20-30 per cent of elliptical
PNe and 30-50 per cent of bipolar PN are likely to have magnetically active
companions which will reveal themselves in X-ray observations. Re-analysis of
Chandra X-ray Observatory spectroscopy of the compact central source of NGC
7293 indicates that the emitting region of this object possesses abundance
anomalies similar to those of coronally active main-sequence stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73787 </DOCNO>
Implications of Muon anomalous magnetic moment for Direct detection of


  We investigate the implications of the recent measurement of muon anomalous
magnetic moment for the direct detection of neutralino dark matter in the three
different SUSY models: mSUGRA, a model with non-universal Higgs mass, and an
SO(10) GUT model. We consider two extreme scenario for $\Delta a_\mu$ bound,
i.e. $27 \times 10^{-10} < \Delta a_\mu < 59 \times 10^{-10}$ (1$\sigma$ bound)
and $0 < \Delta a_\mu < 11 \times 10^{-10}$ ($2\sigma$ below). In mSUGRA model,
the counting ratio may be above the sensitivity of the future experiments when
parameters are within $1\sigma$ bound of $\Delta a_{\mu}$. However, the
$\Omega_{\chi}$ tends to be high compared to the currently favored value
$\Omega=0.3$. For models with the non-universal scalar masses, the possibility
to have the consistent $\Omega_{\chi}$ and the high counting ratio is open up
in the region of parameter space where Higgsino mass $\mu$ is smaller than
mSUGRA prediction. In particular, in the SO(10) model, the LSP dark matter
detection rate may be enhanced by almost one order of magnitude compared to
mSUGRA and the model with non-universal Higgs mass, for cosmologically
acceptable $\Omega_{\chi} h^2$. The highest detection rate of LSP dark matter
occurs in the region where the LSP constitutes a subdominant part of local halo
DM. Implication of SUSY mass parameter measurement under the cosmological
constraint is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5498 </DOCNO>
Bonding, Moment Formation, and Magnetic Interactions in Ca14MnBi11 and


  The ``14-1-11'' phase compounds based on magnetic Mn ions and typified by
Ca14MnBi11 and Ba14MnBi11 show unusual magnetic behavior, but the large number
(104) of atoms in the primitive cell has precluded any previous full electronic
structure study. Using an efficient, local orbital based method within the
local spin density approximation to study the electronic structure, we find a
gap between a bonding valence band complex and an antibonding conduction band
continuum. The bonding bands lack one electron per formula unit of being
filled, making them low carrier density p-type metals. The hole resides in the
MnBi4 tetrahedral unit and partially compensates the high spin d^5 Mn moment,
leaving a net spin near 4 \mu_B that is consistent with experiment. These
manganites are composed of two disjoint but interpenetrating `jungle gym'
networks of spin 4/2 MnBi4^{9-} units with ferromagnetic interactions within
the same network, and weaker couplings between the networks whose sign and
magnitude is sensitive to materials parameters. Ca14MnBi11 is calculated to be
ferromagnetic as observed, while for Ba14MnBi11 (which is antiferromagnetic)
the ferro- and antiferromagnetic states are calculated to be essentially
degenerate. The band structure of the ferromagnetic states is very close to
half metallic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83899 </DOCNO>
The Role of Institutions in the Design of Communication Technologies


  Communication technologies contain embedded values that affect our society's
fundamental values, such as privacy, freedom of speech, and the protection of
intellectual property. Researchers have shown the design of technologies is not
autonomous but shaped by conflicting social groups. Consequently, communication
technologies contain different values when designed by different social groups.
Continuing in this vein, we show that the institutions where communication
technologies are designed and developed are an important source of the values
of communication technologies. We use the term code to collectively refer to
the hardware and software of communication technologies. Institutions differ in
their motivations, structure, and susceptibility to external influences. First,
we focus on the political, economic, social, and legal influences during the
development of code. The institutional reactions to these influences are
embodied in code. Second, we focus on the decision-making issues in the review
process for code. This process determines the code's content and affects the
dissemination of code through the decision whether to publicly release the
code. We found these factors vary by institution. As a result, institutions
differ in the values that they incorporate into code or communications
technologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2122 </DOCNO>
Coulomb correlation and magnetic ordering in double-layered manganites:


  A detailed study of the electronic structure and magnetic configurations of
the 50 % hole-doped double layered manganite LaSr$_2$Mn$_2$O$_7$ is presented.
We demonstrate that the on-site Coulomb correlation (U) of Mn d electrons {\it
(i)} significantly modifies the electronic structure, magnetic ordering (from
FM to AFM), and interlayer exchange interactions, and {\it (ii)} promotes
strong anisotropy in electrical transport, reducing the effective hopping
parameter along the {\it c} axis for electrically active $e_g$ electrons. This
findng is consistent with observations of anisotropic transport -- a property
which sets this manganite apart from conventional 3D systems. A half-metallic
band structure is predicted with both the LSDA and LSDA+U methods. The
experimentally observed A-type AFM ordering in LaSr$_2$Mn$_2$O$_7$ is found to
be energetically more favorable with U $\geq$ 7 eV. A simple interpretation of
interlayer exchange coupling is given within double and super-exchange
mechanisms based on the dependencies on U of the effective exchange parameters
and $e_g$ state sub-band widths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 600 </DOCNO>
Static and Dynamic Properties of Stretched Water


  We present the results of molecular dynamics simulations of the extended
simple point charge (SPC/E) model of water to investigate thethermodynamic and
dynamic properties of stretched and supercooled water. We locate the liquid-gas
spinodal, and confirm that the spinodal pressure increases monotonically with
$T$, supporting thermodynamic scenarios for the phase behavior of supercooled
water involving a ``non-reentrant'' spinodal. The dynamics at negative pressure
show a minimum in the diffusion constant $D$ when the density is decreased at
constant temperature, complementary to the known maximum of $D$ at higher
pressures. We locate the loci of minima of $D$ relative to the spinodal,
showing that the locus is inside the thermodynamicaly metastable regions of the
phase-diagram. These dynamical results reflect the initial enhancement and
subsequent breakdown of the tetrahedral structure and of the hydrogen bond
network as the density decreases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97034 </DOCNO>
How to show a set is not algebraic


  We revisit Akbulut and King's first example of a compact semialgebraic set
which satisfies Sullivan's local Euler characteristic condition, but which is
not homeomorphic to an algebraic set. A nontrivial obstruction is computed
using the link operator on the ring of constructible functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4507 </DOCNO>
Independent magnon states on magnetic polytopes


  For many spin systems with constant isotropic antiferromagnetic
next-neighbour Heisenberg coupling the minimal energies E_{min}(S) form a
rotational band, i.e. depend approximately quadratically on the total spin
quantum number S, a property which is also known as Lande interval rule.
However, we find that for certain coupling topologies, including recently
synthesised icosidodecahedral structures this rule is violated for high total
spins. Instead the minimal energies are a linear function of total spin. This
anomaly results in a corresponding jump of the magnetisation curve which
otherwise would be a regular staircase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127141 </DOCNO>
DDO Photometry of M71: Carbon and Nitrogen Patterns Among Evolving


  We present V, B-V, and DDO C(41-42) and C(42-45) photometry for a sample of
75 red giants down to M_V = +2 in the relatively metal-rich Galactic globular
cluster M71. The C(41-42) colors reveal a bimodal distribution of CN band
strengths generally anticorrelated with CH band strength as measured by the
C(42-45) color. Both DDO colors agree well with those found in 47 Tucanae -- a
nearby globular cluster of similar metallicity -- and suggest nearly identical
C and N abundance patterns among the giants of both clusters. A comparison with
synthetic DDO colors demonstrates that little change in surface C or N
abundance is required to match the colors of the M71 giants over the entire
luminosity range observed. Apparently like 47 Tuc (a cluster of much greater
mass and central concentration), M71 exhibits an abundance pattern which cannot
be solely the result of internal mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169201 </DOCNO>
Improving quantum interferometry by using entanglement (to take a


  We address the use of entanglement to improve the precision of generalized
quantum interferometry, i.e. of binary measurements aimed to determine whether
or not a perturbation has been applied by a given device. For the most relevant
operations in quantum optics, we evaluate the optimal detection strategy and
the ultimate bounds to the minimum detectable perturbation. Our results
indicate that entanglement-assisted strategies improve the discrimination in
comparison with conventional schemes. A concrete setup to approach performances
of the optimal strategies is also suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40784 </DOCNO>
HERA Small-x and/or Diffraction


  Recent HERA data on small-x structure functions as well as DIS diffraction
and diffractive vector meson production are presented. The relationship between
these processes and possible indications of dynamics beyond the DGLAP formalism
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5252 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Theory for Emission of Elementary Excitations into He II


  I develop here the microscopic quantum theory for description of creation of
phonons and rotons in superfluid helium by a solid heater. Starting with
correct transfer Hamiltonian describing a coupling between the solid and liquid
$^4$He the probabilities of transformation of a single phonon in the solid into
i) single helium phonon, ii) two helium phonons, and iii) single helium roton
are found out. All the obtained expressions account for different polarizations
of phonons in the solid. The heat transfer associated with single phonon and
single roton channels are calculated. Particularly, the obtained expression for
heat flux via the single phonon channel calculated in the framework of present
microscopic theory exactly coincides with the well known Khalatnikov formula
obtained initially in the framework of acoustic-mismatch theory. The
impossibility of direct creation of R$^{(-)}$ rotons becomes clear in the used
framework due to accurate account of the boundary conditions at the solid --
liquid helium interface, which is in agreement with recent experimental
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75895 </DOCNO>
Light-cone representation of the quark Schwinger-Dyson equation


  We use a light-cone approach to solve the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the
quark propagator. We show how this method can be used to solve the equation
beyond the space-like region, to which one is usually restricted with the usual
Euclidean-space approach. We work in the Landau gauge, and use an
infrared-enhanced model for the gluon propagator and include instanton effects
to get both confinement and vacuum condensates. With our models, reasonable
fits to known quantities are obtained, resulting in a light-cone quark
propagator that can be used for hadronic physics at all momentum transfers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96618 </DOCNO>
Unified description of magic numbers of metal clusters in terms of the


  Magic numbers predicted by a 3-dimensional q-deformed harmonic oscillator
with Uq(3)>SOq(3) symmetry are compared to experimental data for atomic
clusters of alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), noble metals (Cu, Ag, Au),
divalent metals (Zn, Cd), and trivalent metals (Al, In), as well as to
theoretical predictions of jellium models, Woods-Saxon and wine bottle
potentials, and to the classification scheme using the 3n+l pseudo quantum
number. In alkali metal clusters and noble metal clusters the 3-dimensional
q-deformed harmonic oscillator correctly predicts all experimentally observed
magic numbers up to 1500 (which is the expected limit of validity for theories
based on the filling of electronic shells), while in addition it gives
satisfactory results for the magic numbers of clusters of divalent metals and
trivalent metals, thus indicating that Uq(3), which is a nonlinear extension of
the U(3) symmetry of the spherical (3-dimensional isotropic) harmonic
oscillator, is a good candidate for being the symmetry of systems of several
metal clusters. The Taylor expansions of angular momentum dependent potentials
approximately producing the same spectrum as the 3-dimensional q-deformed
harmonic oscillator are found to be similar to the Taylor expansions of the
symmetrized Woods-Saxon and wine-bottle symmetrized Woods-Saxon potentials,
which are known to provide successful fits of the Ekardt potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75135 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses from operator mixing


  We show that in theories that reduce, at the Fermi scale, to an extension of
the standard model with two doublets, there can be additional dimension five
operators giving rise to neutrino masses. In particular there exists a singlet
operator which can not generate neutrino masses at tree level but generates
them through operator mixing. Under the assumption that only this operator
appears at tree level we calculate the neutrino mass matrix. It has the Zee
mass matrix structure and leads naturally to bimaximal mixing. However, the
maximal mixing prediction for solar neutrinos is very sharp even when higher
order corrections are considered. To allow for deviations from maximal mixing a
fine tuning is needed in the neutrino mass matrix parameters. However, this
fine tuning relates the departure from maximal mixing in solar neutrino
oscillations with the neutrinoless double beta decay rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148873 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory on the q-deformed Fuzzy Sphere


  We discuss the second quantization of scalar field theory on the q-deformed
fuzzy sphere S^2_{q,N} for q \in \R, using a path-integral approach. We find
quantum field theories which are manifestly covariant under U_q(su(2)), have a
smooth limit q -> 1, and satisfy positivity and twisted bosonic symmetry
properties. Using a Drinfeld twist, they are equivalent to ordinary but
slightly "nonlocal" QFT's on the undeformed fuzzy sphere, which are covariant
under SU(2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4485 </DOCNO>
Front Propagation in Chaotic and Noisy Reaction-Diffusion Systems: a


  We study the front propagation in Reaction-Diffusion systems whose reaction
dynamics exhibits an unstable fixed point and chaotic or noisy behaviour. We
have examined the influence of chaos and noise on the front propagation speed
and on the wandering of the front around its average position. Assuming that
the reaction term acts periodically in an impulsive way, the dynamical
evolution of the system can be written as the convolution between a spatial
propagator and a discrete-time map acting locally. This approach allows us to
perform accurate numerical analysis. They reveal that in the pulled regime the
front speed is basically determined by the shape of the map around the unstable
fixed point, while its chaotic or noisy features play a marginal role. In
contrast, in the pushed regime the presence of chaos or noise is more relevant.
In particular the front speed decreases when the degree of chaoticity is
increased, but it is not straightforward to derive a direct connection between
the chaotic properties (e.g. the Lyapunov exponent) and the behaviour of the
front. As for the fluctuations of the front position, we observe for the noisy
maps that the associated mean square displacement grows in time as $t^{1/2}$ in
the pushed case and as $t^{1/4}$ in the pulled one, in agreement with recent
findings obtained for continuous models with multiplicative noise. Moreover we
show that the same quantity saturates when a chaotic deterministic dynamics is
considered for both pushed and pulled regimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113418 </DOCNO>
Coarse graining: lessons from simple examples


  We assess Coarse Graining by studying different partitions of the phase space
of the Baker transformation and the periodic torus automorphisms. It turns out
that the shape of autocorrelation functions for the Baker transformation is
more or less reproduced. However, for certain partitions the decay rates turn
out to be irrelevant, even decay may stop in a finite time. For the periodic
torus automorphisms, Coarse Graining introduces artificial dumping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74302 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and quantal coherence: a study of two limiting cases of


  We consider the dynamics of a system coupled to a thermal bath, going beyond
the standard two-level system through the addition of an energy excitation
degree of freedom. Further extensions are to systems containing many fermions,
with the master equations modified to take Fermi-Dirac statistics into account,
and to potentials with a time-dependent bias that induce resonant avoided
crossing transitions. The limit $Q \to \infty$, where the interaction rate with
the bath is much greater than all free oscillation rates for the system, is
interrogated. Two behaviors are possible: freezing (quantum Zeno effect) or
synchronization (motional narrowing). We clarify the conditions that give rise
to each possibility, making an explicit connection with quantum measurement
theory. We compare the evolution of quantal coherence for the two cases as a
function of $Q$, noting that full coherence is restored as $Q \to \infty$.
Using an extended master equation, the effect of system-bath interactions on
entanglement in bipartite system states is computed. In particular, we show
that the sychronization case sees bipartite system entanglement fully preserved
in the large $Q$ limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41095 </DOCNO>
New R Values in 2-5 Gev from the Beijing Spectrometer


  The values of $R = \sigma(e^+e^-\to {hadrons})/\sigma(e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^-)$
for 85 center-of-mass energies between 2 and 5 GeV were measured with the
upgraded Beijing Spectrometer at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider, with
an average uncertainty of $\sim7%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124327 </DOCNO>
X-ray states and radio emission in the black hole candidate XTE


  We report on radio and X-ray observations of the black hole candidate (BHC)
XTE J1550-564 performed during its 2000 X-ray outburst. Observations have been
conducted with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and have allowed us
to sample the radio behavior of XTE J1550-564 in the X-ray Low Hard and
Intermediate/Very High states. We observed optically thin radio emission from
XTE J1550-564 five days after a transition to an Intermediate/Very High state,
but we observed no radio emission six days later, while XTE J1550-564 was still
in the Intermediate/Very High state. In the Low Hard state, XTE J1550-564 is
detected with an inverted radio spectrum. The radio emission in the Low Hard
state most likely originates from a compact jet; optical observations suggest
that the synchrotron emission from this jet may extend up to the optical range.
The total power of the compact jet might therefore be a significant fraction of
the total luminosity of the system. We suggest that the optically thin
synchrotron radio emission detected five days after the transition to the
Intermediate/Very High state is due to a discrete ejection of relativistic
plasma during the state transition. Subsequent to the decay of the optically
thin radio emission associated with the state transition, it seems that in the
Intermediate/Very High state the radio emission is quenched by a factor greater
than 50, implying a suppression of the outflow. We discuss the properties of
radio emission in the X-ray states of BHCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168546 </DOCNO>
Non-classical behavior of atoms in an interferometer


  We have studied the properties of the non-classical behavior of atoms in a
double-slit interferometer. An indication of this behavior for metastable
helium was reported by Kurtsiefer, Pfau and Mlynek [Nature 386, 150 (1997)]
showing distinctive negative values of the Wigner function, which was
reconstructed from the measured diffraction data. Our approach to explain this
non-classical behavior is based on the de Broglie-Bohm-Vigier-Selleri
understanding of the wave-particle duality and compatible statistical
interpretation of the atomic wave function. It follows from the results that
the atomic motion is non-classical because it does not obey the laws of
classical mechanics. However, there is no evidence that this atomic behavior
violates the classical probability law of the addition of probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4946 </DOCNO>
Relaxation kinetics of biological dimer adsorption models


  We discuss the relaxation kinetics of a one-dimensional dimer adsorption
model as recently proposed for the binding of biological dimers like kinesin on
microtubules. The non-equilibrium dynamics shows several regimes: irreversible
adsorption on short time scales, an intermediate plateau followed by a
power-law regime and finally exponential relaxation towards equilibrium. In all
four regimes we give analytical solutions. The algebraic decay and the scaling
behaviour can be explained by mapping onto a simple reaction-diffusion model.
We show that there are several possibilities to define the autocorrelation
function and that they all asymptotically show exponential decay, however with
different time constants. Our findings remain valid if there is an attractive
interaction between bound dimers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1663 </DOCNO>
A theoretical model of neuronal population coding of stimuli with both


  In a recent study the initial rise of the mutual information between the
firing rates of N neurons and a set of p discrete stimuli has been analytically
evaluated, under the assumption that neurons fire independently of one another
to each stimulus and that each conditional distribution of firing rates is
gaussian. Yet real stimuli or behavioural correlates are high-dimensional, with
both discrete and continuously varying features.Moreover, the gaussian
approximation implies negative firing rates, which is biologically implausible.
Here, we generalize the analysis to the case where the stimulus or behavioural
correlate has both a discrete and a continuous dimension. In the case of large
noise we evaluate the mutual information up to the quadratic approximation as a
function of population size. Then we consider a more realistic distribution of
firing rates, truncated at zero, and we prove that the resulting correction,
with respect to the gaussian firing rates, can be expressed simply as a
renormalization of the noise parameter. Finally, we demonstrate the effect of
averaging the distribution across the discrete dimension, evaluating the mutual
information only with respect to the continuously varying correlate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129106 </DOCNO>
Spectral analysis of the sdO K 648, the exciting star of the planetary


  We present a spectral analysis of the sdO central star K 648 based on
medium-resolution optical and high-resolution UV spectra. The photospheric
parameters are determined by means of state-of-the-art NLTE model atmosphere
techniques.
  We found Teff = 39 +/- 2 kK and log g = 3.9 +/- 0.2. The helium (He/H=0.08)
and oxygen (O/H=0.001) abundances are about solar while carbon is enriched by a
factor of 2.5 (C/H=0.001). Nitrogen (N/H = 10**(-6), [N/H] = -2.0) appears at a
sub-solar value. However, these metal abundances are much higher than the
cluster's metallicity M 15: [Fe/H] = -2.25).
  The surface composition appears to be a mixture of the original hydrogen-rich
material and products of helium burning (3 alpha process) which have been mixed
up to the surface. The abundances of He, C, and N are consistent with the
nebular abundance, while O is considerably more abundant in the photosphere
than in the nebula.
  From a comparison of its position in the log Teff - log g plane with
evolutionary calculations a mass of 0.57 (+0.02, -0.01) Msun and a luminosity
of 3810 +/- 1200 Lsun are deduced.
  Our spectroscopic distance d = 11.1 (+2.4, -2.9) kpc is in agreement with the
distance of M 15 as determined by Alves et al. (2000).
  From the GHRS spectra we measure a radial velocity of vrad = -130 km/sec.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95552 </DOCNO>
Finite sums of commutators


  We show that elements of unital $C^*$-algebras without tracial states are
finite sums of commutators. Moreover, the number of commutators involved is
bounded, depending only on the given $C^*$-algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98089 </DOCNO>
Classification of quantum tori with involution


  Quantum tori with graded involution appear as coordinate algebras of extended
affine Lie algebras of type A_1, C and BC. We classify them in the category of
algebras with involution. From this, we obtain precise information on the root
systems of extended affine Lie algebras of type C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148326 </DOCNO>
Spectral branes


  We study the objects (called spectral branes or S-branes) which are obtained
by imposing non-local spectral boundary conditions at the boundary of the world
sheet of the bosonic string. They possess many nice properties which make them
an ideal test ground for the string theory methods. Depending on a particular
choice of the boundary operator S-branes may be commutative or non-commutative.
We demonstrate that projection of the B-field on the brane directions (i.e. on
the components which actually influence the boundary conditions) is done with
the help of the chirality operator. We show that the T-duality transformation
maps an S-brane to another S-brane. At the expense of introducing non-local
interactions in the bulk we construct also a duality transformation between
S-branes and D-branes or open strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148903 </DOCNO>
Symmetry Breaking for Matter Coupled to Linearized Supergravity From the


  We consider a generic supersymmetric matter theory coupled to linearized
supergravity, and analyze scenarios for spontaneous symmetry breaking in terms
of vacuum expectation values of components of the current supermultiplet. When
the vacuum expectation of the energy momentum tensor is zero, but the scalar
current or pseudoscalar current gets an expectation, evaluation of the
gravitino self energy using the supersymmetry current algebra shows that there
is an induced gravitino mass term. The structure of this term generalizes the
supergravity action with cosmological constant to theories with CP violation.
When the vacuum expectation of the energy momentum tensor is nonzero,
supersymmetry is broken; requiring cancellation of the cosmological constant
gives the corresponding generalized gravitino mass formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124219 </DOCNO>
Detection of Nuclear X-ray Sources in Nearby Galaxies with Chandra


  We report preliminary results from an arcsecond-resolution X-ray survey of
nearby galaxies using ACIS on board Chandra. The total sample consists of 41
low-luminosity AGNs, including Seyferts, LINERs, and LINER/H II transition
objects. In the initial subsample of 24 objects observed thus far, we detect in
62% of the objects a compact, pointlike source astrometrically coincident with
either the optical or radio position of the nucleus. The high detection rate
strongly suggests that the majority of the objects do contain weakly active,
AGN-like cores, presumably powered by central massive black holes. The 2-10 keV
luminosities of the nuclear sources range from 10^38 to 10^41 erg/s, with a
median value of 2x10^38 erg/s. Our detection limit corresponds to 8x10^37 erg/s
for the typical sample distance of 12 Mpc; this limit is two orders of
magnitude fainter than the weakest sources of this kind previously studied
using ASCA or BeppoSAX. The new data extend toward lower luminosities the known
linear correlation between hard X-ray and H-alpha luminosity for broad-line
AGNs. Many narrow-line objects do contain X-ray cores, consistent with either
weak AGNs or X-ray binary systems, but they have X-ray luminosities a factor of
10 below the L_X-L(Halpha) relation of the broad-line sources. Their
distributions of photon energies show no indication of exceptionally high
absorption. The optical line emission in these nuclei is likely powered, at
least in part, by stellar processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98672 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of Schroedinger field in a noncommutative magnetic monopole


  The energy spectrum of a nonrelativistic particle on a noncommutative sphere
in the presence of a magnetic monopole field is calculated. The system is
treated in the field theory language, in which the one-particle sector of a
charged Schroedinger field coupled to a noncommutative U(1) gauge field is
identified. It is shown that the Hamiltonian is essentially the angular
momentum squared of the particle, but with a nontrivial scaling factor
appearing, in agreement with the first-quantized canonical treatment of the
problem. Monopole quantization is recovered and identified as the quantization
of a commutative Seiberg-Witten mapped monopole field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74267 </DOCNO>
Can One See the Number of Colors?


  We formulate the standard model with an arbitrary number of colors N_c. The
cancellation of Witten's global SU(2)_L anomaly requires N_c to be odd, while
the cancellation of triangle anomalies determines the consistent N_c-dependent
values of the quark charges. In this theory, the width of the neutral pion
decay into two photons is not proportional to (N_c)^2. In fact, in the case of
a single generation and hence for two quark flavors (N_f = 2), N_c does not
appear explicitly in the low-energy effective theory of the standard model.
Hence, contrary to common lore, it is impossible to see the number of colors in
low-energy experiments with just pions and photons. For N_f > 2, on the other
hand, N_c explicitly enters the chiral Lagrangian as the quantized prefactor of
the Wess-Zumino-Witten term, but the contribution of this term to photon-pion
vertices is completely canceled by the N_c-dependent part of a
Goldstone-Wilczek term. However, the width of the eta decay into pi^+ pi^-
gamma survives the cancellation and is indeed proportional to (N_c)^2. By
detecting the emerging photon, this process thus allows one to literally see
N_c for N_f > 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74603 </DOCNO>
Indirect Bounds on Z-> mu e and Lepton Flavor Violation at Future


  Motivated by the interest in lepton number violating processes, we study the
connection between the rate of Z -> mu e decay and those of the low-energy
processes mu ->3 e, and mu -> e conversion in nuclear field. We show that if
the vector or axial Z form factors are dominant, Br(Z->mu e) is not observable,
while if the Z dipole form factors are dominant, the relatively weak indirect
bound Br(Z->mu e)<7 10^{-9} does not fully preclude a signal at future
colliders, as TESLA. We finally comment on the relation of Z->mu e with Z->tau
e and Z->tau mu decays, and suggest a simple scaling law for these three
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169203 </DOCNO>
Reconsidering Bohr's reply to EPR


  Although Bohr's reply to the EPR argument is supposed to be a watershed
moment in the development of his philosophy of quantum theory, it is difficult
to find a clear statement of the reply's philosophical point. Moreover, some
have claimed that the point is simply that Bohr is a radical positivist. In
this paper, we show that such claims are unfounded. In particular, we give a
mathematically rigorous reconstruction of Bohr's reply to the \emph{original}
EPR argument that clarifies its logical structure, and which shows that it does
not rest on questionable philosophical assumptions. Rather, Bohr's reply is
dictated by his commitment to provide "classical" and "objective" descriptions
of experimental phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96716 </DOCNO>
Weil divisors on rational normal scrolls


  The aim of this paper is to study Weil divisors on a singular rational normal
scroll X. In particular the author describes explicitly the group of divisorial
sheaves associated to Weil divisors on X, via the direct image of the Picard
group of the canonical resolution of X, which is very well known.
  The analysis naturally splits in two cases, depending on the codimension of
the vertex of X (>2 or =2). When the codimension of the vertex is >2, then the
two groups are isomorphic and there is a natural intersection form in X
inherited from the one in the canonical resolution. When the codimension of the
vertex is 2 this is no longer true and to overcome this problem the author
introduces the concept of integral total transform of a divisor in the
resolution of X. In this case the author defines a (non-linear) intersection
number of two divisors, that represents the degree of their scheme-theoretic
intersection if they are effective with no common components. Lastly there are
some examples and applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6703 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Bethe Ansatz Results for the 4f-Electron Spectra of a


  In a recent letter, Zvyagin calculates the density of states for 4f electrons
coupled to a conduction band in the framework of the Bethe ansatz (BA) solution
for the degenerate Anderson model. It is claimed that the results qualitatively
disagree with the results obtained for the same model but using a variational
approach. Even the high energy feature in the f-spectral function near the
4f-level energy ef, i.e. the ``normal'' ionization peak (NIP), is argued to be
qualitatively different in the two approaches. In the following we point out
that this is not the case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98282 </DOCNO>
Some Applications of Algebraic Curves to Computational Vision


  We introduce a new formalism and a number of new results in the context of
geometric computational vision. The classical scope of the research in
geometric computer vision is essentially limited to static configurations of
points and lines in $P^3$ . By using some well known material from algebraic
geometry, we open new branches to computational vision. We introduce algebraic
curves embedded in $P^3$ as the building blocks from which the tensor of a
couple of cameras (projections) can be computed. In the process we address
dimensional issues and as a result establish the minimal number of algebraic
curves required for the tensor variety to be discrete as a function of their
degree and genus. We then establish new results on the reconstruction of an
algebraic curves in $P^3$ from multiple projections on projective planes
embedded in $P^3$ . We address three different presentations of the curve: (i)
definition by a set of equations, for which we show that for a generic
configuration, two projections of a curve of degree d defines a curve in $P^3$
with two irreducible components, one of degree d and the other of degree $d(d -
1)$, (ii) the dual presentation in the dual space $P^{3*}$, for which we derive
a lower bound for the number of projections necessary for linear reconstruction
as a function of the degree and the genus, and (iii) the presentation as an
hypersurface of $P^5$, defined by the set of lines in $P^3$ meeting the curve,
for which we also derive lower bounds for the number of projections necessary
for linear reconstruction as a function of the degree (of the curve). Moreover
we show that the latter representation yields a new and efficient algorithm for
dealing with mixed configurations of static and moving points in $P^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129390 </DOCNO>
Properties of nuclei in the neutron star crust


  In the present study we investigate the static properties of nuclei in the
inner crust of neutron stars. Using the Hartree-Fock method in coordinate
space, together with the semiclassical approximation, we examine the patterns
of phase transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5275 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Phenomena in Superconductors


  The review is devoted to the detailed description of the fluctuation
phenomena in superconductors. Developing phenomenological methods through the
first five sections we deal with the direct fluctuation pair contributions
only. The indirect fluctuation effects are discussed in the last two sections,
devoted to the microscopic justification of the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau
equation, the description of the microscopic theory of fluctuations, and
discussion of their manifestations in various physical properties of
superconductors. The first six sections are written in detail, so they can
serve as a textbook. On the contrary, in the last section a wide panorama of
fluctuation effects in different physical properties of superconductors is
presented. Thus this section has more of a handbook character, and the
intermediate calculations often are omitted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125058 </DOCNO>
Cosmological matter perturbations with causal seeds


  We investigate linear matter density perturbations in models of structure
formation with causal seeds. Under the fluid approximation, we obtain the
analytic solutions using Green-function technique. Some incorrect solutions in
the literature are corrected here. Based on this, we analytically prove that
the matter density perturbations today are independent of the way the causal
seeds were compensated into the background contents of the universe when they
were first formed. We also find that the compensation scale depends not only on
the dynamics of the universe, but also on the properties of the seeds near the
horizon scale. It can be accurately located by employing our Green-function
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129290 </DOCNO>
NGC 1399: a complex dynamical case


  Evidence for a disturbed velocity structure in the outer regions of the
galaxy NGC1399 comes from a re-analysis of the planetary nebulae data from
Arnaboldi et al. (1994). We find a strong rotation along a P.A.=140 degrees for
R<=140'' which is followed by a rapid drop off at larger radii, where the
velocity dispersion starts to increase. This kinematical behavior can be
interpreted as an indication for an interaction scenario. Interaction is
advocated in previous analysis of the halo regions of this system, based on
different dynamical tracers such as globular clusters and X-rays, but in all
these studies the mass distribution is derived under the equilibrium
hypothesis, which is not appropriate when an interaction takes place. Here we
attempt a non-equilibrium dynamical analysis of NGC1399: with a simple model
and under the impulse approximation, we show that the observed kinematics is
consistent with an energy injection caused by a flyby encounter of NGC 1399
with the nearby system NGC 1404. In this approach, we find a mass-to-light
ratio, M/L_B=26 within R=400'', which is about half of that requested when
equilibrium is assumed, i.e. M/L_B=56.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98103 </DOCNO>
On the PROP corresponding to bialgebras


  A PROP is a symmetric monoidal category, whose set of objects is the set of
natural numbers and on objects the monoidal structure is given by the addition.
An algebra over a PROP is a symmetric strict monoidal functor to the tensor
category of vector spaces. We give an explicite construction of the PROP whose
category of algebras is equivalent to the category of bialgebras (= associative
and coassociative bialgebras).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168234 </DOCNO>
Locality in the Everett Interpretation of Heisenberg-Picture Quantum


  Bell's theorem depends crucially on counterfactual reasoning, and is
mistakenly interpreted as ruling out a local explanation for the correlations
which can be observed between the results of measurements performed on
spatially-separated quantum systems. But in fact the Everett interpretation of
quantum mechanics, in the Heisenberg picture, provides an alternative local
explanation for such correlations. Measurement-type interactions lead, not to
many worlds but, rather, to many local copies of experimental systems and the
observers who measure their properties. Transformations of the
Heisenberg-picture operators corresponding to the properties of these systems
and observers, induced by measurement interactions, "label" each copy and
provide the mechanism which, e.g., ensures that each copy of one of the
observers in an EPRB or GHZM experiment will only interact with the "correct"
copy of the other observer(s). The conceptual problem of nonlocality is thus
replaced with a conceptual problem of proliferating labels, as correlated
systems and observers undergo measurement-type interactions with
newly-encountered objects and instruments; it is suggested that this problem
may be resolved by considering quantum field theory rather than the quantum
mechanics of particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87115 </DOCNO>
Gauge stability of 3+1 formulations of General Relativity


  We present a general approach to the analysis of gauge stability of 3+1
formulations of General Relativity (GR). Evolution of coordinate perturbations
and the corresponding perturbations of lapse and shift can be described by a
system of eight quasi-linear partial differential equations. Stability with
respect to gauge perturbations depends on a choice of gauge and a background
metric, but it does not depend on a particular form of a 3+1 system if its
constrained solutions are equivalent to those of the Einstein equations.
Stability of a number of known gauges is investigated in the limit of
short-wavelength perturbations. All fixed gauges except a synchronous gauge are
found to be ill-posed. A maximal slicing gauge and its parabolic extension are
shown to be ill-posed as well. A necessary condition is derived for
well-posedness of metric-dependent algebraic gauges. Well-posed
metric-dependent gauges are found, however, to be generally unstable. Both
instability and ill-posedness are associated with perturbations of physical
accelerations of reference frames.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129407 </DOCNO>
On the effects of the stellar magnetic field on the structure of T Tauri


  The structure of accretion discs around magnetic T Tauri stars is numerically
calculated using a particle hydrodynamical code, in which magnetic interaction
is included in the framework of King's diamagnetic blob accretion model.
Setting up the calculation so as to simulate the density structure of a
quasi-steady disc in the equatorial plane of a T Tauri star, we find that the
central star's magnetic field typically produces a central hole in the disc and
spreads out the surface density distribution. We argue that this result
suggests a promising mechanism for explaining the unusual flatness (IR excess)
of T Tauri accretion disc spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83557 </DOCNO>
Computational Geometry Column 41


  The recent result that n congruent balls in R^d have at most 4 distinct
geometric permutations is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 27 </DOCNO>
Velocity correlations in dense granular gases


  We report the statistical properties of spherical steel particles rolling on
an inclined surface being driven by an oscillating wall. Strong dissipation
occurs due to collisions between the particles and rolling and can be tuned by
changing the number density. The velocities of the particles are observed to be
correlated over large distances comparable to the system size. The distribution
of velocities deviates strongly from a Gaussian. The degree of the deviation,
as measured by the kurtosis of the distribution, is observed to be as much as
four times the value corresponding to a Gaussian, signaling a significant
breakdown of the assumption of negligible velocity correlations in a granular
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75637 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic CMB perturbations in pre-big bang string cosmology


  We consider the pre-big bang scenario with a massive axion field which starts
to dominate energy density when oscillating in an instanton-induced potential
and subsequently reheats the universe as it decays into photons, thus creating
adiabatic CMB perturbations. We find that the fluctuations in the axion field
can give rise to a nearly flat spectrum of adiabatic perturbations with a
spectral tilt $\Delta n$ in the range $-0.1 \lesssim \Delta n \lesssim 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96064 </DOCNO>
Group action on instanton bundles over $\PP^3$


  Denote by MI(k) the moduli space of k-instanton bundles E of rank 2 on
$\PP^3=\PP(V)$ and by $Z_k(E)$ the scheme of k-jumping lines.
  We prove that $[E]\in MI(k)$ is not stable for the action of SL(V) if
$Z_k(E)\neq\emptyset$. Moreover $\dim Sym(E)\ge 1$ if $length Z_k(E)\ge 2$.
  We prove also that E is special if and only if $Z_k(E)$ is a smooth conic.
  The action of SL(V) on the moduli of special instanton bundles is studied in
detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125557 </DOCNO>
Normal Branch Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Sco X-1: Viscous


  We present a comprehensive classification of all observed QPOs within the
framework of the transition layer model using a large set of Rossi X-ray Timing
Explorer (RXTE) data for Sco X-1. The model assumes an optically thin material
along the observer's line of sight in the horizontal branch and an increasingly
optically thick material while in the other two branches that is consistent
with X-ray and radio observations and the disk transition layer model of QPOs.
We identify the ~ 6 Hz frequencies in the normal branch as acoustic
oscillations of a spherical shell around the neutron star (NS) that is formed
after radiation pressure near the Eddington accretion rate destroys the disk.
The size of the shell is on the order of one NS radii from the NS. We also
estimate the upper limit of Sco X-1's magnetic field to be 0.7 x 10^6 G at
about one NS radii above the NS surface while in the horizontal X-ray branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125415 </DOCNO>
Space-VLBI observations of OH masers


  We report on the first space-VLBI observations of the OH masers in two
main-line OH transitions at 1665 and 1667 MHz. The observations involved the
space radio telescope on board the Japanese satellite HALCA and an array of
ground radio telescopes. The maps of the maser region and images of individual
maser spots were produced with an angular resolution of 1 mas, which is several
times higher than the angular resolution available on the ground. The maser
spots were only partly resolved and a lower limit to the brightness temperature
6x10^12 K was obtained. The masers seem to be located in the direction of low
interstellar scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127775 </DOCNO>
Star clusters in the Carina complex: UBVRI photometry of NGC3114,


  In this paper we present and analyze CCD $UBVRI$ photometry in the region of
the three young open clusters NGC 3114, Collinder~228, and vdB-Hagen~99,

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72913 </DOCNO>
Twist-3 in Proton Nucleon Single Spin Asymmetries


  These proceedings contain the 'physical' derivation of the Wandzura-Wilczek
relations for the spin-dependent structure function g2 (amounting to keeping
the intrinsic transverse momentum of quarks, and neglecting the physical
transverse components of the gluon fields), recently generalized for the case
of non-forward processes (hep-ph/0102209). The simple numerical model for the
twist-3 contribution to g2 was also suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73345 </DOCNO>
Active-sterile neutrino oscillations in the early Universe: asymmetry


  It is well established that active-sterile neutrino oscillations generate
large neutrino asymmetries for very small mixing angles ($\sin^2
2\theta_0\lesssim 10^{-4}$), negative values of $\delta m^2$ and provided that
$|\delta m^2|\gtrsim 10^{-4} {\rm eV^2}$. By numerically solving the quantum
kinetic equations, we show that the generation still occurs at much lower
values of $|\delta m^2|$. We also describe the borders of the generation at
small mixing angles and show how our numerical results can be analytically
understood within the framework of the Landau-Zener approximation thereby
extending previous work based on the adiabatic limit. This approximate approach
leads to a fair description of the MSW dominated regime of the neutrino
asymmetry evolution and is also able to correctly reproduce its final value. We
also briefly discuss the impact that neutrino asymmetry generation could have
on big bang nucleosynthesis, CMBR and relic neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3040 </DOCNO>
Geometrical aspects of protein folding


  These lectures will address two questions. Is there a simple variational
principle underlying the existence of secondary motifs in the native state of
proteins? Is there a general approach which can qualitatively capture the
salient features of the folding process and which may be useful for
interpreting and guiding experiments? Here, we present three different
approaches to the first question, which demonstrate the key role played by the
topology of the native state of proteins. The second question pertaining to the
folding dynamics of proteins remains a challenging problem -- a detailed
description capturing the interactions between amino acids among each other and
with the solvent is a daunting task. We address this issue building on the
lessons learned in tackling the first question and apply the resulting method
to the folding of various proteins including HIV protease and membrane
proteins. The results that will be presented open a fascinating perspective:
the two questions appear to be intimately related. The variety of results
reported here all provide evidence in favour of the special criteria adopted by
nature in the selection of viable protein folds, ranging from optimal
compactness to maximum dynamical and geometrical accessibility of the native
states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98595 </DOCNO>
Codimension one symplectic foliations


  We define the concept of symplectic foliation on a symplectic manifold and
provide a method of constructing many examples, by using asymptotically
holomorphic techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85716 </DOCNO>
Scalar, electromagnetic and Weyl perturbations of BTZ black holes: quasi


  We calculate the quasinormal modes and associated frequencies of the Banados,
Zanelli and Teitelboim (BTZ) non-rotating black hole. This black hole lives in
2+1-dimensions in an asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. We obtain exact
results for the wavefunction and quasi normal frequencies of scalar,
electromagnetic and Weyl (neutrino) perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96166 </DOCNO>
Some Examples of Gorenstein Liaison in Codimension Three


  Gorenstein liaison seems to be the natural notion to generalize to higher
codimension the well-known results about liaison of varieties of codimension~2
in projective space. In this paper we study points in ${\mathbb P}^3$ and
curves in ${\mathbb P}^4$ in an attempt to see how far typical codimension~2
results will extend. While the results are satisfactory for small degree, we
find in each case examples where we cannot decide the outcome. These examples
are candidates for counterexamples to the hoped-for extensions of codimension~2
theorems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149363 </DOCNO>
Generalized heat kernel coefficients


  Following Osipov and Hiller, a generalized heat kernel expansion is
considered for the effective action of bosonic operators. In this
generalization, the standard heat kernel expansion, which counts inverse powers
of a c-number mass parameter, is extended by allowing the mass to be a matrix
in flavor space. We show that the generalized heat kernel coefficients can be
related to the standard ones in a simple way. This holds with or without trace
and integration over spacetime, to all orders and for general flavor spaces.
Gauge invariance is manifest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6088 </DOCNO>
Effective Temperatures of a Driven System Near Jamming


  Fluctuations in a model of a sheared, zero-temperature foam are studied
numerically. Five different quantities that reduce to the true temperature in
an equilibrium thermal system are calculated. All five have the same shear-rate
dependence, and three have the same value. Near the onset of jamming, the
relaxation time is the same function of these three temperatures in the sheared
system as of the true temperature in an unsheared system. These results imply
that statistical mechanics is useful for the system and provide strong support
for the concept of jamming.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5796 </DOCNO>
Pairing Instability and Mechanical Collapse of a Bose Gas with an


  We study the system of a dilute homogeneous bose gas with an attractive
interaction within the variational wave-function approach. We find that the
pairing phase is unstable against fluctuations in pairing. The system can
collapse due to this pairing instability in addition to the well-known
mechanical collapse. The critical temperatures of pairing instability and
mechanical collapse are higher than the BEC temperature of an ideal bose gas
with the same density. When fluctuations are taken into account, we find that
the critical temperature of mechanical collapse is even higher. The difference
between the collapse temperature and the BEC temperature is proportional to
$(n|a_s|^3)^{2/9}$, where $n$ is the density and $a_s$ is the scattering
length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3231 </DOCNO>
Field emission from Luttinger liquids and single-wall carbon nanotubes


  We develop a theory for the field emission effect in Luttinger liquids and
single-wall carbon nanotubes at the level of the energy resolved current
distribution. We generalise Fowler-Nordheim relations. Just below the Fermi
edge, we find a power-law vanishing current distribution with the density of
states exponent. The current distribution above the Fermi edge owes its
existence to a peculiar interplay of interactions and correlated tunnelling. It
displays a non-trivial power-law divergence just above the Fermi energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3135 </DOCNO>
Determination of superconducting anisotropy from magnetization data on


  The recently discovered intermetallic superconductor MgB2 appears to have a
highly anisotopic upper critical field with Hc2(max)/Hc2(min} = \gamma > 5. In
order to determine the temperature dependence of both Hc2(max) and Hc2(min) we
propose a method of extracting the superconducting anisotropy from the
magnetization M(H,T) of randomly oriented powder samples. The method is based
on two features in dM/dT the onset of diamagnetism at Tc(max), that is commonly
associated with Hc2, and a kink in dM/dT at a lower temperature Tc(min).
Results for LuNi2B2C and YNi2B2C powders are in agreement with anisotropic Hc2
obtained from magneto-transport measurements on single crystals. Using this
method on four different types of MgB2 powder samples we are able to determine
Hc2(max)(T) and Hc2(min)(T) with \gamma \approx 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128557 </DOCNO>
Mode Switching Time Scales in the Classical Variable Stars


  Near the edges of the instability strip the rate of stellar evolution is
larger than the growth rate of the pulsation amplitude, and the same holds
whenever the star is engaged in pulsational mode switching. Stellar evolution
therefore controls both the onset of pulsation at the edges of the instability
strip and of mode switching inside it. Two types of bifurcation (switching)
occur. In a soft bifurcation the switching time scale is the inverse harmonic
mean of the pulsational modal growth-rate and of the stellar evolution rate. In
a hard bifurcation the switching times can be substantially longer than the
thermal time scale which is typically of the order of a hundred periods for
Cepheids and RR Lyrae. We discuss some of the observational consequences, in
particular the absence of low amplitude pulsators at the edges of the
instability strip.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125573 </DOCNO>
Interpreting CMB Anisotropy Observations: Trying to Tell the Truth with


  A conflict has been reported between the baryon density inferred from
deuterium observations and that found from recent CMB observations by BOOMERanG
and MAXIMA. Despite the flurry of papers that attempt to resolve this conflict
by adding new physics to the early universe, we will show that it can instead
be resolved via a more careful usage of statistics. Indeed, the Bayesian
analyses that produce this conflict are by their nature poorly suited for
drawing this type of conclusion. A properly defined frequentist analysis can
address this question directly and appears not to find a conflict. Finally, a
conservative accounting of systematic uncertainties in measuring the deuterium
abundance could reduce what is nominally a 3 sigma conflict to 1 sigma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6277 </DOCNO>
Effective equations for photonic-crystal waveguides and circuits


  We suggest a novel conceptual approach for describing the properties of
waveguides and circuits in photonic crystals, based on the effective discrete
equations that include the long-range interaction effects. We demonstrate, on
the example of sharp waveguide bends, that our approach is very effective and
accurate for the study of bound states and transmission spectra of the
photonic-crystal circuits, and disclose the importance of evanescent modes in
their properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1525 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of superconducting MgB2 and related binary and


  First principles FLMTO-GGA electronic structure calculations of the new
medium-$T_C$ superconductor (MTSC) $MgB_2$ and related diborides indicate that
superconductivity in these compounds is related to the the existence of
$p_{x,y}$-band holes at the $\Gamma$ point. Based on these calculations, we
explain the absence of medium-$T_C$ superconductivity for $BeB_2$, $AlB_2$
$ScB_2$ and $YB_2$. The simulation of a number of $MgB_2$-based ternary systems
using a supercell approach demonstrates that (i) the electron doping of $MgB_2$
(i.e., $MgB_{2-y}X_y$ with X=Be, C, N, O) and the creation of isoelectronic
defects in the boron sublattice (nonstoichiometric $MgB_{y<2}$) are not
favorable for superconductivity, and (ii) a possible way of searching for
similar MTSC should be via hole doping of $MgB_2$ (i.e., $Mg_{1-x}M_xB_2$ with
M=Be, Ca, Li, Na, Cu, Zn) or $CaB_2$ or via creating layered superstructures of
the $MgB_2/CaB_2$ type. A recent report of superconductivity in Cu doped
$MgB_2$ supports this view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6579 </DOCNO>
Tunnelling of Polarized Electrons in Magnetic Wires


  We investigate the tunnelling between an electronic gas with two different
velocities $V_\uparrow \neq V_\downarrow$ and a regular metal. We find that at
the interface between the two systems that the tunnelling conductance for spin
up and spin down are different. As a result a partly polarized gas (``magnetic
wire'') is obtained. This result is caused by the e-e interaction, $g_2'' -
g_1'' \neq 0$, which in the presence of $V_\uparrow \neq V_\downarrow$ gives
rise to two different tunnelling exponents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40685 </DOCNO>
The first physics results from BaBar


  The BaBar experiment and the PEP-II accelerator at SLAC started to take data
on May 26, 1999. By the time of this conference, the recorded integrated
luminosity was 20 fb^{-1}, of which 8 fb^{-1} were analyzed to provide a first
set of physics results. This talk reviews the first measurement of sin2beta and
the study of B meson decays to charmonium modes and 2-body charmless decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1897 </DOCNO>
Revival of the Kondo effect


  This is a popular review of some recent investigations of the Kondo effect in
a variety of mesoscopic systems. After a brief introduction, experiments are
described where a scanning tunneling microscope measures the surroundings of a
magnetic impurity on a metal surface. In another set of experiments, Kondo
effect creates a number of characteristic features in the electron transport
through small electronic devices -- semiconductor quantum dots or
single-molecule transistors which can be tuned by applying appropriate gate
voltages. The article contains 5 color figures, photo of Jun Kondo, but no
equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149024 </DOCNO>
OPE between the energy-momentum tensor and the Wilson loop in N=4


  We analyze the operator product expansion T_{\mu \nu}(z) W[C] in N=4
4-dimensional Super-Yang-Mills (SYM) theory with U(N) gauge group, and clarify
that the closed Wilson loop does not possess an anomalous dimension and that
only the shape of the loop is changed by the conformal transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148706 </DOCNO>
Gauging Isometries on Hyperkahler Cones and Quaternion-Kahler Manifolds


  We extend our previous results on the relation between quaternion-Kahler
manifolds and hyperkahler cones and we describe how isometries, moment maps and
scalar potentials descend from the cone to the quaternion-Kahler space. As an
example of the general construction, we discuss the gauging and the
corresponding scalar potential of hypermultiplets with the unitary Wolf spaces
as target spaces. This class includes the universal hypermultiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149868 </DOCNO>
Dyons in Nonabelian Born-Infeld Theory


  We analyze a nonabelian extension of Born--Infeld action for the SU(2) group.
In the class of spherically symmetric solutions we find that, besides the
Gal'tsov--Kerner glueballs, only the analytic dyons have finite energy. The
presented analytic and numerical investigation excludes the existence of pure
magnetic monopoles of 't Hooft--Polyakov type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95515 </DOCNO>
Spectra of 2D H-donors in magnetic field and their Zeeman splitting


  The pseudoperturbative shifted - $l$ expansion technique PSLET is employed to
study the spectra of 2D H-donors in magnetic field. The Zeeman effect is
investigated and results are found to be excellent compared to those in
ref.[14].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148801 </DOCNO>
Flux-branes and the Dielectric Effect in String Theory


  We consider the generalization to String and M-theory of the Melvin solution.
These are flux p-branes which have (p+1)-dimensional Poincare invariance and
are associated to an electric (p+1)-form field strength along their
worldvolume. When a stack of Dp-branes is placed along the worldvolume of a
flux (p+3)-brane it will expand to a spherical D(p+2)-brane due to the
dielectric effect. This provides a new setup to consider the gauge
theory/gravity duality. Compactifying M-theory on a circle we find the exact
gravity solution of the type IIA theory describing the dielectric expansion of
N D4-branes into a spherical bound state of D4-D6-branes, due to the presence
of a flux 7-brane. In the decoupling limit, the deformation of the dual field
theory associated with the presence of the flux brane is irrelevant in the UV.
We calculate the gravitational radius and energy of the dielectric brane which
give, respectively, a prediction for the VEV of scalars and vacuum energy of
the dual field theory. Consideration of a spherical D6-brane probe with n units
of D4-brane charge in the dielectric brane geometry suggests that the dual
theory arises as the Scherk-Schwarz reduction of the M5-branes (2,0) conformal
field theory. The probe potential has one minimum placed at the locus of the
bulk dielectric brane and another associated to an inner dielectric brane
shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76312 </DOCNO>
Instanton IR stabilization in the nonperturbative confining vacuum


  The influence of nonperturbative fields on instantons in quantum
chromodynamics is studied. Nonperturbative vacuum is described in terms of
nonlocal gauge invariant vacuum averages of gluon field strength. Effective
action for instanton is derived in bilocal approximation and it is demonstrated
that stochastic background gluon fields are responsible for infra-red (IR)
stabilization of instantons. Dependence of characteristic instanton size on
gluon condensate and correlation length in nonperturbative vacuum is found. It
is shown that instanton size in QCD is of order of 0.25 fm. Comparison of
obtained instanton size distribution with lattice data is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86051 </DOCNO>
The 2+1 Kepler Problem and Its Quantization


  We study a system of two pointlike particles coupled to three dimensional
Einstein gravity. The reduced phase space can be considered as a deformed
version of the phase space of two special-relativistic point particles in the
centre of mass frame. When the system is quantized, we find some possibly
general effects of quantum gravity, such as a minimal distances and a foaminess
of the spacetime at the order of the Planck length. We also obtain a
quantization of geometry, which restricts the possible asymptotic geometries of
the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3428 </DOCNO>
Model studies of diffusion in glassy and polymer ion conductors


  Ion-conducting glasses and polymer systems show several characteristic
peculiarities in their composition-dependent diffusion properties and in their
dynamic response. First we give a brief review of the current understanding of
the ion dynamics in network glasses in terms of stochastic theories. Secondly,
a model for PEO(polyethylene-oxide)-based polymer electrolytes is described.
The equation of state is calculated from the quasichemical approximation. Using
this information together with Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion at constant
volume, we obtain constant-pressure results for polymer chain and ion
diffusion as a function of ion concentration. This theory allows us to make
comparison with experiments which are carried out at constant pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2789 </DOCNO>
Finite-size effects on the Hamiltonian dynamics of the XY-model


  The dynamical properties of the finite-size magnetization M in the critical
region T<T_{KTB} of the planar rotor model on a L x L square lattice are
analyzed by means of microcanonical simulations . The behavior of the q=0
structure factor at high frequencies is consistent with field-theoretical
results, but new additional features occur at lower frequencies. The motion of
M determines a region of spectral lines and the presence of a central peak,
which we attribute to phase diffusion. Near T_{KTB} the diffusion constant
scales with system size as D ~ L^{-1.6(3)}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128693 </DOCNO>
Measurement of radial velocities and velocity dispersion of stars in


  A procedure is described of construction of velocity fields and velocity
dispersion of the stellar component in the central regions of galaxies on the
basis of data obtained with the integral field spectrograph MPFS.
Cross-correlation and Fourier quotients techniques adapted for 2D spectra
reduction are used. A detailed discussion is given of the problems of providing
for the instrumental profile in measuring the velocity dispersion. Using the
existing version of the spectrograph, one can measure radial velocities and the
dispersion of velocities to an accuracy of 5-10 km/s and 10-15 km/s,
respectively. As an example the double-barred galaxy NGC2950 is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129481 </DOCNO>
High Resolution 4.7 um Keck/NIRSPEC Spectra of Protostars. I: Ices and


  We explore the infrared M band (4.7 um) spectrum of the class I protostar
L1489 IRS in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. This is the highest resolution wide
coverage spectrum at this wavelength of a low mass protostar observed to date
(R=25,000; Dv=12 km/s). Many narrow absorption lines of gas phase 12CO, 13CO,
and C18O are detected, as well as a prominent band of solid 12CO. The gas phase
12CO lines have red shifted absorption wings (up to 100 km/s), likely
originating from warm disk material falling toward the central object. The
isotopes and the 12CO line wings are successfully fitted with a contracting
disk model of this evolutionary transitional object (Hogerheijde 2001). This
shows that the inward motions seen in millimeter wave emission lines continue
to within ~0.1 AU from the star. The colder parts of the disk are traced by the
prominent CO ice band. The band profile results from CO in 'polar' ices (CO
mixed with H2O), and CO in 'apolar' ices. At the high spectral resolution, the
'apolar' component is, for the first time, resolved into two distinct
components, likely due to pure CO and CO mixed with CO2, O2 and/or N2. The ices
have probably experienced thermal processing in the upper disk layer traced by
our pencil absorption beam: much of the volatile 'apolar' ices has evaporated
and the depletion factor of CO onto grains is remarkably low (~7%). This study
shows that high spectral resolution 4.7 um observations provide important and
unique information on the dynamics and structure of protostellar disks and the
evolution of ices in these disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113902 </DOCNO>
A theory of electromagnetism with uniquely defined potential and


  A theory of electromagnetism is proposed that is based on the Fermi
Lagrangian, which is symmetric under electromagnetic spin rotation. Its
features are: - the four-potential is unambiguously determined by the
inhomogeneous wave equation and boundary conditions at infinity. - the Lorenz
condition and minimal coupling then follow from charge conservation. -
electromagnetic spin is conserved and spin operators can be defined without
sacrificing covariance. - quantisation is fully covariant, without redefining
the metric. - all experimental predictions are the same as in the standard
theory. This result proves that electromagnetic gauge invariance is redundant
as a fundamental principle of physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41091 </DOCNO>
Experimental status of measurements of alpha_s at LEP


  A summary is given of the current status of measurements of the strong
coupling constant $\alpha_s$ performed at LEP. These include measurements from
inclusive observables as well as from event shape variables. Recent results
based on power law corrections are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2737 </DOCNO>
Statistics of composite fermions in the quantum hall effect


  The High Landau level filling fractions 5/2, 7/3 and 8/3 are interpreted by
using the angular momentum model. It is found that for the odd number of flux
quanta, the quasiparticles called the ``composite fermions'' are fermions but
for even number-, the quasiparticles are a mixture of bosons and fermions.
Therefore, the theory of ``composite fermions'' is internally inconsistent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124267 </DOCNO>
Annual modulation in IDV of quasar 0917+624 due to Interstellar


  The quasar 0917+624 has been one of the best studied intraday variable (IDV)
radio sources. However, debate continues as to whether the underlying cause is
intrinsic or extrinsic. Much previous work has assumed the IDV to be intrinsic
and which implies an extraordinarily compact source for the radio emission; in
contrast, an extrinsic variation due to interstellar scintillation (ISS)
implies a relatively larger source diameter, though at the smaller end of the
range expected for relativistic jet models. Kraus et al. (1999) reported a
marked slowing of the IDV at 6cm wavelength in September 1998, and suggested a
change in the source was responsible. However, here we show that the slowing is
consistent with the annual modulation in scintillation time-scale expected for
ISS, under the assumption that the scattering medium moves with the local
standard of rest (LSR). The ISS time scale is governed by the ISS spatial scale
divided by the Earth's velocity relative to the scattering plasma. It happens
that in the direction of 0917+624 the transverse velocity of the Earth with
respect to the LSR varies widely with a deep minimum in the months of September
to November. Hence the slowing of the IDV in September 1998 strongly suggests
that ISS, rather than intrinsic variation of the source is the dominant cause
of the IDV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168349 </DOCNO>
Second order quantum decoherence in the boson system


  The second order quantum decoherence (SOQDC)is proposed as a novel
description for the loss of quantum coherence only reflected by second order
quantum correlations. By calculating the two-time correlation function, the
phenomenon of SOQDC is studied in details for a simple model, a two boson
system interacting with a reservoir composed of one or many bosons. The second
order quantum decoherence effects can be observed in the sketched cavity QED
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3019 </DOCNO>
Comparison between one- and two-channel Kondo effects in mesoscopic


  There are strong recent indications that the Kondo phenomena play important
role in the electronic transport and dephasing mechanism for some of the
experimentally investigated metallic samples. The spin and the orbital Kondo
problem with two-level systems provide very similar behavior above the Kondo
temperature. Below the Kondo temperature the behavior is drastically different
as in the latter case the entropy remains non zero. In the following several
results derived earlier by different methods are simply reproduced by the
time-ordered diagram technique in the leading logarithmic approximation valid
above the Kondo temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124038 </DOCNO>
Chemical Compositions of Four Metal-poor Giants


  We present the chemical compositions of four K giants CS 22877-1, CS
22166-16, CS22169-35 and BS 16085 - 0050 that have [Fe/H] in the range -2.4 to
-3.1. Metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] < -2.5 are known to exhibit considerable
star - to - star variations of many elements. This quartet confirms this
conclusion. CS 22877-1 and CS 22166-16 are carbon-rich. There is significant
spread for [$\alpha$/Fe] within our sample where [$\alpha$/Fe] is computed from
the mean of the [Mg/Fe], and [Ca/Fe] ratios. BS 16085 - 0050 is remarkably
$\alpha$ enriched with a mean [$\alpha$/Fe] of $+$0.7 but CS 22169-35 is
$\alpha$-poor. The aluminium abundance also shows a significant variation over
the sample. A parallel and unsuccessful search among high-velocity late-type
stars for metal-poor stars is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41768 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Br(Bbar -> D+l-nubar) and Determination of |Vcb|


  We present a measurement of the branching fraction for the semileptonic B
decay Bbar -> D+l-nubar, where l- can be either an electron or a muon. We find
Gamma(Bbar -> D+l-nubar)= (13.79+/-0.76+/-2.51) ns^{-1}, and the resulting
branching fraction Br(Bbar -> D+l-nubar)= (2.13 +/- 0.12 +/- 0.39)%, where the
first error is statistical and the second systematic. We also investigate the
Bbar -> D+l-nubar form factor and the implications of the result for |Vcb|.
  From a fit to the differential decay distribution we obtain the rate
normalization |Vcb|F_D(1)= (4.11+/-0.44+/-0.52)x10^{-2}. Using a theoretical
calculation of F_D(1), the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element
|Vcb|=(4.19+/-0.45+/-0.53+/-0.30)x10^{-2} is obtained, where the last error
comes from the theoretical uncertainty of F_D(1). The results are based on a
data sample of 10.2 fb^{-1} recorded at the Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the
Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150178 </DOCNO>
Maximally symmetric D-branes in gauged WZW models


  Gluing conditions are proposed to characterize the D-branes in gauged WZW
models. From them the boundary conditions for the group-valued and the
subgroup-valued fields are determined. We construct a gauged WZW action for
open strings that coincides classically with those written previously, when the
gluing conditions are imposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148488 </DOCNO>
Triples, Fluxes, and Strings


  We study string compactifications with sixteen supersymmetries. The moduli
space for these compactifications becomes quite intricate in lower dimensions,
partly because there are many different irreducible components. We focus
primarily, but not exclusively, on compactifications to seven or more
dimensions. These vacua can be realized in a number ways: the perturbative
constructions we study include toroidal compactifications of the heterotic/type
I strings, asymmetric orbifolds, and orientifolds. In addition, we describe
less conventional M and F theory compactifications on smooth spaces. The last
class of vacua considered are compactifications on singular spaces with
non-trivial discrete fluxes.
  We find a number of new components in the string moduli space. Contained in
some of these components are M theory compactifications with novel kinds of
``frozen'' singularities. We are naturally led to conjecture the existence of
new dualities relating spaces with different singular geometries and fluxes. As
our study of these vacua unfolds, we also learn about additional topics
including: F theory on spaces without section, automorphisms of del Pezzo
surfaces, and novel physics (and puzzles) from equivariant K-theory. Lastly, we
comment on how the data we gain about the M theory three-form might be
interpreted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97346 </DOCNO>
Multivariate Diophantine equations with many solutions


  We show that for each n-tuple of positive rational integers (a_1,..,a_n)
there are sets of primes S of arbitrarily large cardinality s such that the
solutions of the equation a_1x_1+...+a_nx_n=1 with the x_i all S-units are not
contained in fewer than exp((4+o(1))s^{1/2}(log s)^{-1/2}) proper linear
subspaces of C^n. This generalizes a result of Erdos, Stewart and Tijdeman for
m=2 [Compositio 36 (1988), 37-56].
  Furthermore we prove that for any algebraic number field K of degree n, any
integer m with 1<=m<n, and any sufficiently large s there are integers
b_0,...,b_m in a number field which are linearly independent over the
rationals, and prime numbers p_1,...,p_s, such that the norm polynomial
equation |N_{K/Q}(b_0+b_1x_1+...+b_mx_m)|=p_1^{z_1}...p_s^{z_s} has at least
exp{(1+o(1)){n/m}s^{m/n}(log s)^{-1+m/n}) solutions in integers
x_1,..,x_m,z_1,..,z_s. This generalizes a result of Moree and Stewart [Indag.
Math. 1 (1990), 465-472].
  Our main tool, also established in this paper, is an effective lower bound
for the number of ideals in a number field K of norm <=X composed of prime
ideals which lie outside a given finite set of prime ideals T and which have
norm <=Y. This generalizes a result of Canfield, Erdos and Pomerance [J. Number
Th. 17 (1983), 1-28], and of Moree and Stewart (see above).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75620 </DOCNO>
The role of jet quenching in the p-bar >= pi- anomaly at RHIC


  Preliminary PHENIX data on $Au+Au$ reactions at $\sqrt{s}= 130$ AGeV suggest
that $\bar{p}$ yields may exceed $\pi^-$ at high $p_{\rm T} > 2$ GeV/c. We
propose that jet quenching in central collisions suppresses the hard PQCD
component of the spectra in central $A+A$ reactions, thereby exposing a novel
non-perturbative component of baryon dynamics. We suggest that baryon junctions
provide a possible explanation of the anomalous component. We predict that the
$\bar{p} \geq \pi^-$ anomaly is limited to a finite $p_{\rm T}$ window and
decreases with increasing impact parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7082 </DOCNO>
Theory of the Quantum Paraelectric -- Ferroelectric Transition


  A theory of the quantum paraelectric -- ferroelectric transition is
presented. The effects of reduced dimensionality and deviations from cubic
symmetry are determined. Expressions for the pressure dependence of T_c as well
as p and T dependence of the specific heat are derived, and evaluated for
realistic materials parameters for the systems BaTiO_3 and PbTiO_3. In these
materials the ferroelectric soft mode dispersion apparently exhibits a very
strong cubic anisotropy, which however, affects results only quantitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1798 </DOCNO>
Conductance anomalies in a one-dimensional quantum contact


  Short length quantum wires (quantum contacts) exhibit a conductance structure
at the value of conductance close to 0.7 \times 2e^2/h. The structure is also
called the conductance anomaly. In longer contacts the structure evolves to the
lower values of conductance. We demonstrate that this structure is related to
the development of charge density waves within the contact. This is a precursor
for Wigner crystallization. Many-body Hartree-Fock calculations of conductance
are performed. The results are in agreement with experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73842 </DOCNO>
Detecting top-Higgs at high energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ colliders


  We calculate the contributions of the top-Higgs $h_{t}^{0}$ predicted by
topcolor assisted technicolor(TC2) models to $e^{+}e^{-}\longrightarrow
\overline{t}c\overline{\nu}_{e}\nu_{e}$ and compare the results with the
contributions of $h^{0}_{t}$ to the processes $e^{+}e^{-}\longrightarrow Z
h^{0}_{t}\longrightarrow Z\overline{t}c$ and $e^+e^-\longrightarrow \gamma
h^{0}_{t} \longrightarrow \gamma \overline{t}c$. We find that $e^{+}e^{-}
\longrightarrow\overline{t}c\overline{\nu}_{e}\nu_{e}$ is very sensitive to
$h^{0}_{t}$, which can be easy detected via this process at high-energy
$e^{+}e^{-}$ collider(LC) experiments with $\sqrt{s}\geq 500$ $GeV$, as long as
its mass below the $\overline{t}t$ threshold. The process $e^{+}e^{-}
\longrightarrow \gamma\overline{t}c$ also can be used to detect $h^{0}_{t}$ at
LC experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74981 </DOCNO>
Leading and higher twists in the proton polarized structure function at


  A phenomenological parameterization of the proton polarized structure
function has been developed for x > 0.02 using deep inelastic data up to ~ 50
(GeV/c)**2 as well as available experimental results on both photo- and
electro-production of proton resonances. According to the new parameterization
the generalized Drell-Hearn-Gerasimov sum rule is predicted to have a
zero-crossing point at Q**2 = 0.16 +/- 0.04 (GeV/c)**2. Then, low-order
polarized Nachtmann moments have been estimated and their Q**2-behavior has
been investigated in terms of leading and higher twists for Q**2 > 1
(GeV/c)**2. The leading twist has been treated at NLO in the strong coupling
constant and the effects of higher orders of the perturbative series have been
estimated using soft-gluon resummation techniques. In case of the first moment
higher-twist effects are found to be quite small for Q**2 > 1 (GeV/c)**2, and
the singlet axial charge has been determined to be a0[10 (GeV/c)**2] = 0.16 +/-
0.09. In case of higher order moments, which are sensitive to the large-x
region, higher-twist effects are significantly reduced by the introduction of
soft gluon contributions, but they are still relevant at Q**2 ~ few (GeV/c)**2
at variance with the case of the unpolarized transverse structure function of
the proton. Our finding suggests that spin-dependent correlations among partons
may have more impact than spin-independent ones. As a byproduct, it is also
shown that the Bloom-Gilman local duality is strongly violated in the region of
polarized electroproduction of the Delta(1232) resonance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125515 </DOCNO>
The Anomalous Infrared Emission of Abell 58


  We present a new model to explain the excess in mid and near infrared
emission of the central, hydrogen poor dust knot in the planetary nebula (PN)
Abell 58. Current models disagree with ISO measurement because they apply an
average grain size and equilibrium conditions only. We investigate grain size
distributions and temperature fluctuations affecting infrared emission using a
new radiative transfer code and discuss in detail the conditions requiring an
extension of the classical description. The peculiar infrared emission of V605
Aql, the central dust knot in Abell 58, has been modeled with our code. V605
Aql is of special interest as it is one of only three stars ever observed to
move from the evolutionary track of a central PN star back to the post-AGB
state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87105 </DOCNO>
Conservation laws for collisions of branes (or shells) in general


  We consider the collision of self-gravitating n-branes in a (n+2)-dimensional
spacetime. We show that there is a geometrical constraint which can be
expressed as a simple sum rule for angles characterizing Lorentz boosts between
branes and the intervening spacetime regions. This constraint can then be
re-interpreted as either energy or momentum conservation at the collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86073 </DOCNO>
The future asymptotics of Bianchi VIII vacuum solutions


  Bianchi VIII vacuum solutions to Einstein's equations are causally
geodesically complete to the future, given an appropriate time orientation, and
the objective of this article is to analyze the asymptotic behaviour of
solutions in this time direction. For the Bianchi class A spacetimes, there is
a formulation of the field equations that was presented in an article by
Wainwright and Hsu, and we analyze the asymptotic behaviour of solutions in
these variables. We also try to give the analytic results a geometric
interpretation by analyzing how a normalized version of the Riemannian metric
on the spatial hypersurfaces of homogeneity evolves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124533 </DOCNO>
Bumpy Power Spectra and Galaxy Clusters


  The evolution of the abundance of galaxy clusters is not a reliable measure
of Omega if there are features on scales of a few Mpc in the primordial power
spectrum. Conversely, if we know the cosmological model parameters from other
measurements, the cluster abundance evolution permits us to probe features in
the power spectrum that are in the nonlinear regime at the present epoch, and
hence difficult to discern directly from current epoch measurements.
  We have investigated the influence of an artificially introduced Gaussian
feature on an otherwise unperturbed SCDM power spectrum. Using these modified
spectra as an input to cosmological N-body simulations, we are able to show
that in terms of the cluster abundance evolution, a SCDM model displays
characteristics similar to an OCDM model. However, strong modifications would
also be visible at a redshift z=0 in the dark matter power spectrum whereas
minor alterations to the usual SCDM spectrum are washed away by non-linear
evolution effects. We therefore conclude that features with characteristics
such as discussed here might not be detectable using observations of the galaxy
power spectrum, the local cluster abundance or the large-scale velocity field
as measured by the velocity distribution of galaxy clusters. The only quantity
that shows a pronounced difference at the present epoch between our models
under investigation is the halo-halo correlation function which appears to be
strongly biased with respect to an unmodified SCDM model. This is due to a lack
of power on certain scales which subsequently modifies the relative amplitude
of high-and low-k waves. Apart from observations of the evolution of cluster
abundance, measurements of the Lyman-alpha forest at high redshift could put
constraints on possible features in the power spectrum, too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7027 </DOCNO>
Canonical Statistics of Trapped Ideal and Interacting Bose Gases


  The mean ground state occupation number and condensate fluctuations of
interacting and non-interacting Bose gases confined in a harmonic trap are
considered by using a canonical ensemble approach. To obtain the mean ground
state occupation number and the condensate fluctuations, an analytical
description for the probability distribution function of the condensate is
provided directly starting from the analysis of the partition function of the
system. For the ideal Bose gas, the probability distribution function is found
to be a Gaussian one for the case of the harmonic trap. For the interacting
Bose gas, using a unified approach the condensate fluctuations are calculated
based on the lowest-order perturbation method and on Bogoliubov theory. It is
found that the condensate fluctuations based on the lowest-order perturbation
theory follow the law $<delta^{2}N_{\bf 0}>\sim N$, while the fluctuations
based on Bogoliubov theory behave as $N^{4/3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127151 </DOCNO>
The extended counterpart of submm source Lockman850.1


  The IRAM Plateau de Bure mm interferometer and deep K-band imaging have been
used to identify the brightest submm source detected in the Lockman field of
the UK 8mJy SCUBA survey. The near infrared counterpart is an extended
(20-30kpc), clumpy, and extremely red object. The spectral energy distribution
suggests it to be a dusty star forming object at a redshift of about 3 (2-4).
Its star formation rate and near-infrared properties are consistent with
Lockman850.1 being a massive elliptical in formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3996 </DOCNO>
The self-similarity properties of natural images resemble those of


  We show that the statistics of an edge type variable in natural images
exhibits self-similarity properties which resemble those of local energy
dissipation in turbulent flows. Our results show that extended self-similarity
remarkably holds for the statistics of the local edge variance, and that the
very same models can be used to predict all the associated exponents. These
results suggest to use natural images as a laboratory for testing scaling
models of interest for the statistical description of turbulent flows. The
properties we have exhibited are relevant for the modeling of the early visual
system: they should be included in models designed for the prediction of
receptive fiel$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179634 </DOCNO>
Exploring Quark Matter


  These proceedings contain research results presented during the Workshops
"Quark Matter in Astro- and Particle Physics" held at the University of
Rostock, November 27-29, 2000 and "Dynamical Aspects of the QCD Phase
Transition" held at the ECT* in Trento, March 12-15, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41408 </DOCNO>
Detecting tau-neutrino appearance in the spectra of quasielastic CC


  A method for detecting the transition numu->nutau in long-baseline
accelerator experiments, that consists in comparing the far-to-near ratios of
the spectra of quasielastic CC events generated by high- and low-energy beams
of muon neutrinos, is proposed. The test may be accessible to big calorimeters
with muon spectrometry like MINOS, and is limited by statistics rather than
systematics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96215 </DOCNO>
On a general analytical formula for U_q(su(3))-Clebsch-Gordan


  We present the projection operator method in combination with the
Wigner-Racah calculus of the subalgebra U_q(su(2)) for calculation of
Clebsch-Gordan coefficients (CGCs) of the quantum algebra U_q(su(3)). The key
formulas of the method are couplings of the tensor and projection operators and
also a tensor form for the projection operator of U_q(su(3)). We obtain a very
compact general analytical formula for the U_q(su(3)) CGCs in terms of the
U_q(su(2)) Wigner 3nj-symbols.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87184 </DOCNO>
Simulating the dynamics of relativistic stars via a light-cone approach


  We present new numerical algorithms for the coupled Einstein-perfect fluid
system in axisymmetry. Our framework uses a foliation based on a family of
light cones, emanating from a regular center, and terminating at future null
infinity. This coordinate system is well adapted to the study of the dynamical
spacetimes associated with isolated relativistic compact objects such as
neutron stars. In particular, the approach allows the unambiguous extraction of
gravitational waves at future null infinity and avoids spurious outer boundary
reflections. The code can accurately maintain long-term stability of polytropic
equilibrium models of relativistic stars. We demonstrate global energy
conservation in a strongly perturbed neutron star spacetime, for which the
total energy radiated away by gravitational waves corresponds to a significant
fraction of the Bondi mass. As a first application we present results in the
study of pulsations of axisymmetric relativistic stars, extracting the
frequencies of the different fluid modes in fully relativistic evolutions of
the Einstein-perfect fluid system and making a first comparison between the
gravitational news function and the predicted wave using the approximations of
the quadrupole formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96977 </DOCNO>
2-enumerations of halved alternating sign matrices


  We compute 2-enumerations of certain halved alternating sign matrices. In one
case the enumeration equals the number of perfect matchings of a halved Aztec
diamond. In the other case the enumeration equals the number of perfect
matchings of a halved fortress graph. Our results prove three conjectures by
Jim Propp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124054 </DOCNO>
Understanding Spectral Variability and Time Lags in Accreting Black


  I review the temporal/spectral data of accreting black hole sources paying
most attention to the properties of the temporal variability such as photon
energy dependent auto- and cross-correlation functions, average shot profiles
and hardness ratios, and the Fourier frequency dependent time/phase lags. These
statistics characterize spectral changes at short time scales that are
otherwise impossible to study by direct spectral analysis. The data provide
strong constraints on the theoretical models for X-ray production in accreting
black holes. Models for the spectral variability of the Comptonized component
are briefly reviewed. It is also shown that Compton reflection can have
significant impact on the observed temporal characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4439 </DOCNO>
Deppining of a Superfluid Vortex Inside a Circular Defect


  In this work we study the process of depinning of a quantum of circulation
trapped inside a disk by an applied two dimensional superflow. We use the
Gross-Pitaevskii model to describe the neutral superfluid. The collective
coordinate dynamics is derived directly from the condensate equation of motion,
the nonlinear Schroedinger equation, and it is used to obtain an expression for
the critical velocity as a function of the defect radius. This expression is
compared with a numerical result obtained from the time independent nonlinear
Schroedinger equation. Below the critical velocity, we obtain the dependence of
the semiclassical nucleation rate with the flow velocity at infinity. Above the
critical velocity, the classical vortex depinning is illustrated with a
numerical simulation of the time dependent nonlinear Schroedinger equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7352 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of diblock polyampholyte solutions


  We discuss in this paper the phase diagram of a diblock polyampholyte
solution in the limit of high ionic strength as a function of concentration and
charge asymmetry. This system is shown to be very similar to solutions of
so-called charged-neutral diblock copolymers: at zero charge asymmetry the
solution phase separates into a polyelectrolyte complex and almost pure
solvent. Above a charge asymmetry threshold, the copolymers are soluble as
finite size aggregates. Scaling laws of the aggregates radius as a function of
pH of the solution are in qualitative agreement with experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129471 </DOCNO>
A Peculiar Flaring Episode of Cygnus X-1


  Recent monitoring of Cyg X-1 with {\em RXTE} revealed a period of intense
flaring, which started in October of 2000 and lasted until March of 2001. The
source exhibited some quite unusual behaviors during this period. The soft
X-ray flux of the source went up and down three times on a timescale of about
one month, as discovered by the ASM aboard RXTE, before finally returning to
the normal level (of the hard state). The observed spectral and temporal X-ray
properties of Cyg X-1 are mostly intermediate between the canonical hard and
soft states. This is known previously for strong X-ray flares, however, we show
that the source did enter a period that resembles, in many ways, a sustained
soft state during the last of the three flares. We make detailed comparisons
between this flare and the 1996 state transition, in terms of the observed
X-ray properties, such as flux--hardness correlation, X-ray spectrum, and power
density spectrum. We point out the similarities and differences, and discuss
possible implications of the results on our understanding of the phenomena of
flares and state transitions associated with Cyg X-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 989 </DOCNO>
The Influence of Shape on Ordering of Granular Systems in Two Dimensions


  We investigate ordering properties of two-dimensional granular materials
using several shapes created by welding ball bearings together. Ordered domains
form much more easily in two than in three dimensions, even when configurations
lack long-range order. The onset of ordered domains occurs near a packing
density of 0.8, a phenomenon observed previously for disks. One of our shapes,
the trapezoid, has packings that remain disordered and near the transition
density even after annealing by shaking. Since random packings are unstable for
disks and many other shapes in two dimensions, trapezoid packings provide a new
approach to studying two-dimensional randomness. We also find that the
rotational symmetry of a shape is an excellent predictor of how easily it
orders, and a potential guide to identifying two-dimensional shapes that remain
random after annealing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179479 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Study of the d(e,e' pi+) reaction


  The $d(e,e'\pi^+)$ reaction in the parallel kinematics has been investigated
using a dynamical model of pion electroproduction on the nucleon. A unitary
$\pi NN$ model has been used in order to examine the effects due to the final
two-nucleon interactions, pion rescattering from the second nucleon, and the
intermediate $NN$ and $N\Delta$ interactions. It has been found that these $\pi
NN$ mechanisms are small, but they can have significant contributions to the
$d(e,e'\pi^+)$ cross sections through their interference with the dominant
impulse term. For the longitudinal cross sections, the effects due to the
interference between the pion pole term and other production mechanisms are
also found to be very large. Our findings clearly indicate that these
interference effects must be accounted for in any attempt to determine from the
$d(e,e'\pi^+)$ data whether the pion form factor and/or $\pi NN$ vertex of the
pion pole term are modified in the nuclear medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 948 </DOCNO>
Influence of the anion potential on the charge ordering in quasi-one


  We examine the various instabilities of quarter-filled strongly correlated
electronic chains in the presence of a coupling to the underlying lattice. To
mimic the physics of the (TMTTF)$_2$X Bechgaard-Fabre salts we also include
electrostatic effects of intercalated anions. We show that small displacements
of the anion can stabilize new mixed Charged Density Wave-Bond Order Wave
phases in which central symmetry centers are suppressed. This finding is
discussed in the context of recent experiments. We suggest that the recently
observed charge ordering is due to a cooperative effect between the Coulomb
interaction and the coupling of the electronic stacks to the anions. On the
other hand, the Spin-Peierls instability at lower temperature requires a
Peierls-like lattice coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125921 </DOCNO>
Bayesian event reconstruction and background rejection in neutrino


  Several large volume, high energy neutrino detectors are in operation or in
the design stage. Upward going signal neutrino events must be separated from
large backgrounds of downgoing cosmic ray induced atmospheric muons. To this
end, a Bayesian extension of the traditional maximum likelihood reconstruction
method will be described. Further, it will be shown how signals can be
separated from backgrounds through integration of Bayesian posterior
probability densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179421 </DOCNO>
The relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov description of


  The ground state properties including radii, density distribution and one
neutron separation energy for C, N, O and F isotopes up to the neutron drip
line are systematically studied by the fully self-consistent microscopic
Relativistic Continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory. With the proton
density distribution thus obtained, the charge-changing cross sections for C,
N, O and F isotopes are calculated using the Glauber model. Good agreement with
the data has been achieved. The charge changing cross sections change only
slightly with the neutron number except for proton-rich nuclei. Similar trends
of variations of proton radii and of charge changing cross sections for each
isotope chain is observed which implies that the proton density plays important
role in determining the charge-changing cross sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1777 </DOCNO>
Synthesis and Processing of $MgB_2$ powders and wires


  Sintered powders and wires of superconducting $MgB_2$ have been fabricated
under a variety of conditions in order to determine details of the diffusion of
the $Mg$ into $B$ and to study the types of defects that arise during growth.
For samples prepared by exposure of boron to $Mg$ vapor at $950^{\circ}C$, the
conversion of particles of less than $100\mu m$ size particles to $MgB_2$ is
complete in about $2 h$. The lattice parameters of the $MgB_2$ phase determined
from X-ray are independent of the starting stoichiometry and the time of
reaction. Wire segments of $MgB_2$ with very little porosity have been produced
by reacting $141 \mu m$ diameter boron fibers in an atmosphere of excess $Mg$
vapor at $950^{\circ}C$. Defects in the reacted fibers are predominantly the
voids left as the boron is converted to $MgB_2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76834 </DOCNO>
Topological transitions at the resonance in gauge sector


  We discuss topological transitions during parametric resonance in the gauge
sector of electroweak theory. It is shown that the resonance leads to
separation of topological indices of the gauge and Higgs fields, resulting in
topological transitions of non-sphaleron nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3150 </DOCNO>
Ginzburg-Landau functional for nearly antiferromagnetic perfect and


  Interplay between Kondo effect and trends to antiferromagnetic and spin glass
ordering in perfect and disordered bipartite Kondo lattices is considered.
Ginzburg-Landau equation is derived from the microscopic effective action
written in three mode representation (Kondo screening, antiferromagnetic
correlations and spin liquid correlations). The problem of local constraint is
resolved by means of Popov-Fedotov representation for localized spin operators.
It is shown that the Kondo screening enhances the trend to a spin liquid
crossover and suppresses antiferromagnetic ordering in perfect Kondo lattices
and spin glass ordering in doped Kondo lattices. The modified Doniach's diagram
is constructed, and possibilities of going beyond the mean field approximation
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2551 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamics approach to the dynamics of


  We present a general formalism able to derive the kinetic equations of
polymer dynamics. It is based on the application of nonequilibrium
thermodynamics to analyze the irreversible processes taking place in the
conformational space of the macromolecules. The Smoluchowski equation results
from the analysis of the underlying diffusion process in that space within the
scheme of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. We apply the method to different
situations, concerning flexible, semiflexible and rod-like polymers and to the
case of more concentrated solutions in which interactions become important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40785 </DOCNO>
Two particle states, lepton mixing and oscillations


  Discussions of lepton mixing and oscillations consider generally only flavor
oscillations of neutrinos and neglect the accompanying charged leptons. In
cases of experimental interest like pion or nuclear beta decay an oscillation
pattern is expected indeed only for neutrinos if only one of the two produced
particles is observed. We argue that flavor oscillations of neutrinos without
detecting the accompanying lepton is a peculiarity of the two-particle states
$|l\nu>$ produced in pion or nuclear beta decay. Generally, an oscillation
pattern is only found if both particles are detected. We discuss in a
pedagogical way how this distinction of the neutrinos arises, although on the
level of the Lagrangian lepton mixing does not single them out against charged
leptons. As examples, we discuss the difference between the state $|l\nu>$
produced by the decay of real $W$ boson and a $W$ originating from pion decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86117 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Excision for Dynamic Black Holes


  We extend previous work on 3D black hole excision to the case of distorted
black holes, with a variety of dynamic gauge conditions that are able to
respond naturally to the spacetime dynamics. We show that the combination of
excision and gauge conditions we use is able to drive highly distorted,
rotating black holes to an almost static state at late times, with well behaved
metric functions, without the need for any special initial conditions or
analytically prescribed gauge functions. Further, we show for the first time
that one can extract accurate waveforms from these simulations, with the full
machinery of excision and dynamic gauge conditions. The evolutions can be
carried out for long times, far exceeding the longevity and accuracy of even
better resolved 2D codes. While traditional 2D codes show errors in quantities
such as apparent horizon mass of over 100% by t = 100M, and crash by t = 150M,
with our new techniques the same systems can be evolved for hundreds of M's in
full 3D with errors of only a few percent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127026 </DOCNO>
Optical Flashes Preceding GRBs


  Only one optical flash associated with a gamma-ray burst has been detected so
far by ROTSE. There are also upper limits obtained by several groups for
several bursts. Recent model calculations indicate a possibility that optical
flash may precede the main GRB. Such flashes are undetectable in the currently
popular observing mode, with optical instruments responding to GRB triggers.
There is a need to develop all sky optical monitoring system capable of
recognizing flashes in real time, and more powerful instruments that could
respond robotically to optical triggers and carry out follow up observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41015 </DOCNO>
A Neutrino Factory Manifesto


  A neutrino factory is capable of answering basic questions in the physics of
neutrino oscillations, which address fundamental issues in Grand Unified
Theories and flavour physics. In addition, the front end of a neutrino factory
offers exciting prospects using slow and stopped muons, such as the search for
mu to e transitions and the muon electric dipole moment. There are also
opportunities to study muonic atoms and in other areas of science. One should
also keep in mind the long-term objective of building a muon collider, either
for Higgs physics or at the high-energy frontier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96911 </DOCNO>
Modular Curves Of Genus 2


  We prove that there is only a finite number of genus 2 curves C defined over
Q such that there exists a nonconstant morphism pi:X_1(N) --->C defined over Q
and the jacobian of C, J(C), is a Q-factor of the new part of the jacobian of
X_1(N), J_1(N)^{new}. Moreover, we prove that there are only 149 genus two
curves of this kind with the additional requeriment that their jacobians are
Q-simple. We determine the corresponding newforms and present equations for all
these curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149624 </DOCNO>
Local Casimir Energy For Solitons


  Direct calculation of the one-loop contributions to the energy density of
bosonic and supersymmetric phi-to-the-fourth kinks exhibits: (1) Local mode
regularization. Requiring the mode density in the soliton and trivial sector to
be equal at each point in space yields the anomalous part of the energy
density. (2) Phase space factorization. A striking position-momentum
factorization for reflectionless potentials gives the non-anomalous energy
density a simple relation to that for the bound state. For the supersymmetric
kink, energy and central charge densities agree as expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114178 </DOCNO>
Galileo's Discovery of Scaling Laws


  Galileo's realization that nature is not scale invariant, motivating his
subsequent discovery of scaling laws, is traced to two lectures he gave on the
geography of Dante's Inferno.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149839 </DOCNO>
Statistics of the Composite Systems and Anyons in the Fractional Quantum


  The commutation relations of the composite fields are studied in the 3, 2 and
1 space dimensions. It is shown that the field of an atom consisting of a
nucleus and an electron fields satisfies, in the space-like asymptotic limit,
the canonical commutation relations within the sub-Fock-space of the atom. The
field-particle duality in the bound state is discussed from the statistics
point of view. Then, the commutation relations of the scalar object in the
Schwinger(Thirring) model are mentioned briefly and are shown consistent with
its interpretation as the Nambu-Goldstone boson.
  The composite anyon fields are shown to satisfy the proper anyonic
commutation relations with the additive phase exponents. Then, quasiparticle
picture of the anyons is clarified under the restriction of this additibity.
The difference between field and particle aspects becomes more prominent in the
2 space dimension. It is argued that the hierarchy of the fractional quantum
Hall effect is rather simply understood by utilizing the quasiparticle
charactors of the anyons when the background-boson gauge is assumed. In
contrast to it, the coposite fermion theories are critically reviewed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113363 </DOCNO>
Critical curves of plane Poiseuille flow with slip boundary conditions


  We investigate the linear stability of plane Poiseuille flow in 2D under slip
boundary conditions. The slip s is defined by the tangential velocity at the
wall in units of the maximal flow velocity. As it turns out, the critical
Reynolds number depends smoothly on s but increases quite rapidly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73191 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium time evolution of the spectral function in quantum field


  Transport or kinetic equations are often derived assuming a quasi-particle
(on-shell) representation of the spectral function. We investigate this
assumption using a three-loop approximation of the 2PI effective action in real
time, without a gradient expansion or on-shell approximation. For a scalar
field in 1+1 dimensions the nonlinear evolution, including the integration over
memory kernels, can be solved numerically. We find that a spectral function
approximately described by a nonzero width emerges dynamically. During the
nonequilibrium time evolution the Wigner transformed spectral function is
slowly varying, even in presence of strong qualitative changes in the effective
particle distribution. These results may be used to make further analytical
progress towards a quantum Boltzmann equation including off-shell effects and a
nonzero width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149283 </DOCNO>
Spherical Formulation for Diagramatic Evaluations on a Manifold with


  The mathematical formalism necessary for the diagramatic evaluation of
quantum corrections to a conformally invariant field theory for a
self-interacting scalar field on a curved manifold with boundary is considered.
The evaluation of quantum corrections to the effective action past one-loop
necessitates diagramatic techniques. Diagramatic evaluations and higher
loop-order renormalisation can be best accomplished on a Riemannian manifold of
constant curvature accommodating a boundary of constant extrinsic curvature. In
such a context the stated evaluations can be accomplished through a consistent
interpretation of the Feynman rules within the spherical formulation of the
theory for which the method of images allows. To this effect, the mathematical
consequences of such an interpretation are analyzed and the spherical
formulation of the Feynman rules on the bounded manifold is, as a result,
developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95843 </DOCNO>
Commensurability of 1-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds


  We give examples of non-fibered hyperbolic knot complements in homology
spheres that are not commensurable to fibered knot complements in homology
spheres. In fact, we give many examples of knot complements in homology spheres
with the property that every commensurable knot complement in a homology sphere
has non-monic Alexander polynomial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73850 </DOCNO>
Multi-jet cross sections in deep inelastic scattering at next-to-leading


  We present the perturbative prediction for three-jet production cross section
in DIS at the NLO accuracy. We study the dependence on the renormalization and
factorization scales of exclusive three-jet cross section. The perturbative
prediction for the three-jet differential distribution as a function of the
momentum transfer is compared to the corresponding data obtained by the H1
collaboration at HERA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 738 </DOCNO>
Heat Capacity of Protein Folding


  We construct a Hamiltonian for a single domain protein where the contact
enthalpy and the chain entropy decrease linearly with the number of native
contacts. The hydration effect upon protein unfolding is included by modeling
water as ideal dipoles that are ordered around the unfolded surfaces, where the
influence of these surfaces, covered with an ``ice-like'' shell of water, is
represented by an effective field that directs the water dipoles. An
intermolecular pair interaction between water molecules is also introduced. The
heat capacity of the model exhibits the common feature of small globular
proteins, two peaks corresponding to cold and warm unfolding, respectively. By
introducing vibrational modes, we obtain quantitatively good accordance with
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128254 </DOCNO>
Blue irregular variable stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud from EROS2 :


  Using data from the EROS2 microlensing survey, we report the discovery of two
blue objects with irregular photometric behaviour of $\Delta V \sim 0.1$-0.4
mag on time scales of 20 to 200 days. They show a bluer when fainter behaviour.
Subsequent spectra taken with the ESO 3.6m telescope show spectral type B4eIII
and B2eIV-V with strong $H \alpha$ emission. These objects resemble the Herbig
AeBe but also classical Be stars. At this stage, it is not possible to
distinguish unambiguously between pre-main sequence and classical Be nature. If
we favour the pre-main sequence interpretation, they are more luminous than the
luminosity upper limit for Galactic HAeBe stars. The same was found for the
HAeBe candidates in the LMC. This might be due to a shorter accretion time
scale ($\tau = M_*/\dot{M}$), or the smaller dust content during the pre-main
sequence evolution of SMC and LMC stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 404 </DOCNO>
Backscattering enhancement of an electromagnetic wave scattered by


  The problem of an electromagnetic wave scattering by a slab with two rough
boundaries is solved by a small-perturbation method under the Rayleigh
hypothesis. In order to obtain a perturbative development, we use a systematic
procedure which involves integral equations called the reduced Rayleigh
equations. Then we will show for a dielectric slab deposited on a silver film
that the backscattering enhancement can be produced by guided waves which
interact with the two rough surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41782 </DOCNO>
Muon pair production by photons in atmosphere: Is any room left for


  Production of muon pairs by high-energy photons in electromagnetic and
hadronic showers in atmosphere has been calculated. The effect of muon pair
production in hadronic Extensive Air Showers (EAS) is unlikely to be seen by
next generation detectors. Applications of muon pair production process in
electromagnetic showers to the very high energy gamma-ray astronomy is
discussed. It is shown that, although this process dominates over conventional
pion and kaon decay above a few TeV in photon-initiated showers and provides a
distinctive signature of photon-induced event (muon pair), it is practically
impossible to discriminate such events statistically from the background of
muon pairs produced in the hadronic EAS. The rate of events is very low and
requires detectors of a huge size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127304 </DOCNO>
A Long-Wavelength View on Galaxy Evolution from Deep Surveys by the


  We discuss the constraints set on galaxy evolution by data from deep surveys
performed in the mid-IR and far-IR with ISO and with mm telescopes at longer
wavelengths. These reveal extremely high rates of evolution for IR galaxies.
According to our model, the deep ISO surveys at 15 micron may have already
resolved more than 50% of the CIRB intensity, hence allowing to investigate the
origin of the CIRB. From our fits to the observed optical-IR SEDs, these
objects appear to involve massive galaxies hosting luminous starbursts (SFR 100
Mo/yr). Our evolutionary scheme considers a bimodal star formation (SF),
including long-lived quiescent SF, and enhanced SF taking place during
transient events recurrently triggered by interactions and merging. We
interpret the strong observed evolution as an increase with z of the rate of
interactions between galaxies (density evolution) and an increase of their IR
luminosity due to the more abundant fuel available in the past (luminosity
evolution). Very schematically, we associate the origin of the bulk of the
optical/NIR background to the quiescent evolution, while the CIRB is
interpreted as mostly due the dusty starburst phase (the latter possibly
leading to the formation of galaxy spheroids). The large energy contents in the
CIRB and optical backgrounds are not easily explained, considering the moderate
efficiency of energy generation by stars: a top-heavy stellar IMF associated
with the starburst phase (and compared with a more standard IMF during the
quiescent SF) would alleviate the problem. IR data suggest that the strong
observed evolution to z~1 should turn over at higher z: scenarios in which a
dominant fraction of stellar formation occurs at very high-z are not supported
by our analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96633 </DOCNO>
On finite sequences satisfying linear recursions


  For any field k and any integers m,n with 0 <= 2m <= n+1, let W_n be the
k-vector space of sequences (x_0,...,x_n), and let H_m be the subset of W_n
consisting of the sequences that satisfy a degree-m linear recursion, that is,
for which there exist a_0,...,a_m in k such that sum(a_i x_{i+j}, i=0..m) = 0
holds for each j=0,1,...,n-m. Equivalently, H_m is the set of (x_0,...,x_n)
such that the (m+1)-by-(n-m+1) matrix with (i,j) entry x_{i+j} (i=0..m,
j=0..n-m) has rank at most m. We use elementary linear and polynomial algebra
to study these sets H_m. In particular, when k is a finite field of q elements,
we write the characteristic function of H_m as a linear combination of
characteristic functions of linear subspaces of dimensions m and m+1 in W_n. We
deduce a formula for the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of this
characteristic function, and obtain some consequences. For instance, if the
2m+1 entries of a square Hankel matrix of order m+1 are chosen independently
from a fixed but not necessarily uniform distribution mu on k, then as m->infty
the matrix is singular with probability approaching 1/q provided the DFT of mu
has l_1 norm less than sqrt(q). This bound sqrt(q) is best possible if q is a
square.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74330 </DOCNO>
Phase Transitions During Inflation and Chemically Inhomogeneous Universe


  Several models of baryo(lepto)-genesis that give rise to large
inhomogeneities in the composition of the universe are presented. In
particular, a variation of primordial abundances of light elements by the
factor 2-5 at large distances is predicted. A cosmological model of baryonic
island is considered. Creation of domains with very large baryon and antibaryon
number is described. Such domains mostly collapsed into primordial black holes
that could be the dominant part of (non-standard) cosmological cold dark matter
with a widely dispersed mass spectrum. A non-collapsed part of these bubbles
might make clouds of matter or antimatter with an enriched abundances of
metals. A mechanism for creation of such exotic objects can be realized by
mixed order phase transitions induced by the inflaton field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75219 </DOCNO>
SN1987A and the Status of Oscillation Solutions to the Solar Neutrino


  We study neutrino oscillations and the level-crossing probability PLZ in
power-law potential profiles A(r)\propto r^n. We give local and global
adiabaticity conditions valid for all mixing angles theta and discuss different
representations for PLZ. For the 1/r^3 profile typical of supernova envelopes
we compare our analytical to numerical results and to earlier approximations
used in the literature. We then perform a combined likelihood analysis of the
observed SN1987A neutrino signal and of the latest solar neutrino data,
including the recent SNO CC measurement. We find that, unless all relevant
supernova parameters (released binding energy, \bar\nu_e and \bar\nu_{\mu,\tau}
temperatures) are near their lowest values found in simulations, the status of
large mixing type solutions deteriorates considerably compared to fits using
only solar data. This is sufficient to rule out the vacuum-type solutions for
most reasonable choices of astrophysics parameters. The LOW solution may still
be acceptable, but becomes worse than the SMA-MSW solution which may, in some
cases, be the best combined solution. On the other hand the LMA-MSW solution
can easily survive as the best overall solution, although its size is generally
reduced when compared to fits to the solar data only.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2855 </DOCNO>
The Kondo effect in quantum dots at high voltage: Universality and


  We examine the properties of a dc-biased quantum dot in the Coulomb blockade
regime. For voltages V large compared to the Kondo temperature T_K, the physics
is governed by the scales V and gamma, where gamma ~ V/ln^2(V/T_K) is the
non-equilibrium decoherence rate induced by the voltage-driven current. Based
on scaling arguments, self-consistent perturbation theory and perturbative
renormalization group, we argue that due to the large gamma, the system can be
described by renormalized perturbation theory for ln(V/T_K) >> 1. However, in
certain variants of the Kondo problem, two-channel Kondo physics is induced by
a large voltage V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97083 </DOCNO>
Inclusions of simple $C^*$-algebras


  We prove that if a conditional expectation from a simple $C^*$-algebra onto
its $C^*$-subalgebra satisfies the Pimsner-Popa inequality, there exists a
quasi-basis. As an application, we establish the Galois correspondence for
outer actions of finite groups (and more generally finite dimensional Kac
algebras) on simple $C^*$-algebras. We also introduce the notion of sectors for
stable simple $C^*$-algebras and purely infinite simple $C^*$-algebras in the
Cuntz standard form, and discuss several applications, including their
relationship to $K$-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41021 </DOCNO>
COBRA - Double beta decay searches using CdTe detectors


  A new approach (called COBRA) for investigating double beta decay using CdTe
(CdZnTe) semiconductor detectors is proposed. It follows the idea that source
and detector are identical. This will allow simultaneous measurements of 5
$\beta^-\beta^-$ - and 4 $\beta^+\beta^+$ - emitters at once. Half-life limits
for neutrinoless double beta decay of Cd-116 and Te-130 can be improved by more
than one order of magnitude with respect to current limits and sensitivities on
the effective Majorana neutrino mass of less than 1 eV can be obtained.
Furthermore, for the first time a realistic chance of observing double electron
capture processes exists. Additional searches for rare processes like the
4-fold forbidden Cd-113 $\beta$-decay, the electron capture of Te-123 and dark
matter detection can be performed. The achievable limits are evaluated for 10
kg of such detectors and can be scaled accordingly towards higher detector
masses because of the modular design of the proposed experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128076 </DOCNO>
Uncovering CDM halo substructure with tidal streams


  Models for the formation and growth of structure in a cold dark matter
dominated universe predict that galaxy halos should contain significant
substructure. Studies of the Milky Way, however, have yet to identify the
expected few hundred sub-halos with masses greater than about 10^6 Msun. Here
we propose a test for the presence of sub-halos in the halos of galaxies. We
show that the structure of the tidal tails of ancient globular clusters is very
sensitive to heating by repeated close encounters with the massive dark
sub-halos. We discuss the detection of such an effect in the context of the
next generation of astrometric missions, and conclude that it should be easily
detectable with the GAIA dataset. The finding of a single extended cold stellar
stream from a globular cluster would support alternative theories, such as
self-interacting dark matter, that give rise to smoother halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74337 </DOCNO>
Electrostatics of Pagels-Tomboulis effective model


  Long time ago Pagels and Tomboulis have proposed a model for the
nonperturbative gluodynamics which in the Abelian sector can be reduced to a
strongly nonlinear electrodynamics. In the present paper we investigate
Abelian, static solutions with external charges in that model. Nonzero total
charge implies that the corresponding field has infinite energy due to slow
fall off at large distances. For a pair of opposite charges the energy is
finite -- it grows like $R^{\alpha}$, $0<\alpha <1$ with the distance $R$
between the charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2583 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of Ca$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$VO$_3$: a tale of two


  We investigate the electronic structure of Ca$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$VO$_3$ using
photoemission spectroscopy. Core level spectra establish an electronic phase
separation at the surface, leading to distinctly different surface electronic
structure compared to the bulk. Analysis of the photoemission spectra of this
system allowed us to separate the surface and bulk contributions. These results
help us to understand properties related to two vastly differing energy-scales,
namely the low energy-scale of thermal excitations (~$k_{B}T$) and the
high-energy scale related to Coulomb and other electronic interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7053 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Dynamics in an oil-continuous droplet microemulsion as seen


  It is shown that the interpretation of quasielastic scattering experiments on
droplet microemulsions in the paper by T. Hellweg et al., Phys. Chem. Chem.
Phys., 2000, 2, 5168, contains serious shortcomings and should be revised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124020 </DOCNO>
JHK Standard Stars for Large Telescopes: the UKIRT Fundamental and


  We present high-precision JHK photometry with the 3.8m UK Infrared Telescope
(UKIRT) of 83 standard stars, 28 from the widely used preliminary list known as
the "UKIRT Faint Standards" (Casali & Hawarden, 1992), referred to here as the
Fundamental List, and 55 additional stars referred to as the Extended List. The
stars have 9.4<K<15.0 and most should be readily observable with imaging array
detectors in normal operating modes on telescopes of up to 10m aperture. Many
are accessible from the southern hemisphere. Arcsec-accuracy positions (J2000,
Epoch ~1998) are given, together with optical photometry and spectral types
from the literature, where available, or inferred from the J-K colour. Finding
charts are provided for stars with proper motions exceeding 0.3"/yr. On 30
nights between late 1994 and early 1998 the stars from the Fundamental List,
which were used as standards for the whole programme, were observed on an
average of 10 nights each, and those from the Extended List 6 nights. The
average internal standard error of the mean results for K is 0.005 mag; for J-H
it is 0.003 mag for the Fundamental List stars and 0.006 mag for the Extended
List; for H-K the average is 0.004 mag. The results are on the natural system
of the IRCAM3 imager, which used a 256x256 InSb detector array with "standard"
JHK filters, behind gold-coated fore-optics and a gold- or silver-dielectric
coated dichroic. We give colour transformations onto the CIT, Arcetri and
LCO/Palomar NICMOS systems, and preliminary transformations onto the system
defined by the new Mauna Kea Observatory filter set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75659 </DOCNO>
Pseudoscalar Mesons in Asymmetric Matter


  The behavior of kaons and pions in hot non strange quark matter, simulating
neutron matter, is investigated within the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio [NJL] and
in the Enlarged Nambu-Jona-Lasinio [ENJL] (including vector pseudo-vector
interaction) models. At zero temperature, it is found that in the NJL model,
where the phase transition is first order, low energy modes with K-, Pi+
quantum numbers, which are particle-hole excitations of the Fermi sea, appear.
Such modes are not found in the ENJL model and in NJL at finite temperatures.
The increasing temperature has also the effect of reducing the splitting
between the charge multiplets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4314 </DOCNO>
Simple method for excitation of a Bose-Einstein condensate


  An appropriate, time-dependent modification of the trapping potential may be
sufficient to create effectively collective excitations in a cold atom
Bose-Einstein condensate. The proposed method is complementary to earlier
suggestions and should allow the creation of both dark solitons and vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6495 </DOCNO>
Liquid-liquid phase transition without the density anomaly


  We study in three dimensions a single-component system interacting via an
isotropic potential with an attractive well at intermediate distance and with a
repulsive soft-core shoulder at short distance. By means of two independent
numerical approaches, integral equations and molecular dynamics simulations, we
show two lines of first order phase transitions, with a gas and low-density
liquid (LDL) critical point C1, with a LDL and high-density liquid (HDL) phase
transition and with a gas and HDL critical point C2. By the integral equation
approach, we show that the energy and range of the repulsive soft-core play an
essential role in determining the existence of the critical point C2. By
molecular dynamics simulations, we study the evolution of the liquid state
showing its metastability with respect to the crystal phase. We relate the
metastability with the small width of the attractive well. We study the
structure of the phases and compare the results of the two different numerical
approaches. Finally, we address the problem of the presence of the density
anomaly. We show here, by explicit thermodynamic calculation on the basis of
our molecular dynamics results, that surprisingly our phase diagram with two
critical points does not show the density anomaly. Since our potential is
similar to potentials used to describe a variety of systems like liquid metals,
protein solutions or colloids, our results raise the interesting possibility of
the existence of a second critical point in these systems, independent of the
presence of a density anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81278 </DOCNO>
Non-trivial phase structure of $N_f=3$ QCD with $O(a)$-improved Wilson


  JLQCD collaboration recently started the $N_f=3$ QCD simulations with the
$O(a)$-improved Wilson fermion action employing an exact fermion algorithm
developed for odd number of quark flavors. It is found that this theory has an
unexpected non-trivial phase structure in the $(\beta,\kappa)$ plane even at
zero temperature. A detailed study is made to understand the nature of the
observed phase transitions and to find the way of avoiding untolerably large
lattice artifacts associated with the phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 917 </DOCNO>
Short-time critical dynamics and universality on a two-dimensional


  Critical scaling and universality in short-time dynamics for spin models on a
two-dimensional triangular lattice are investigated by using Monte Carlo
simulation. Emphasis is placed on the dynamic evolution from fully ordered
initialstates to show that universal scaling exists already in the short-time
regime in form of power-law behavior of the magnetization and Binder cumulant.
The results measured for the dynamic and static critical exponents, $\theta$,
$z$, $\beta$ and $\nu$, confirm explicitly that the Potts models on the
triangular lattice and square lattice belong to the same universality class.
Our critical scaling analysis strongly suggests that the simulation for the
dynamic relaxation can be used to determine numerically the universality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74512 </DOCNO>
Scales of Gravity


  We propose a framework in which the quantum gravity scale can be as low as
$10^{-3}$ eV. The key assumption is that the Standard Model ultraviolet cutoff
is much higher than the quantum gravity scale. This ensures that we observe
conventional weak gravity. We construct an explicit brane-world model in which
the brane-localized Standard Model is coupled to strong 5D gravity of
infinite-volume flat extra space. Due to the high ultraviolet scale, the
Standard Model fields generate a large graviton kinetic term on the brane. This
kinetic term ``shields'' the Standard Model from the strong bulk gravity. As a
result, an observer on the brane sees weak 4D gravity up to astronomically
large distances beyond which gravity becomes five-dimensional. Modeling quantum
gravity above its scale by the closed string spectrum we show that the
shielding phenomenon protects the Standard Model from an apparent
phenomenological catastrophe due to the exponentially large number of light
string states. The collider experiments, astrophysics, cosmology and gravity
measurements {\it independently} point to the same lower bound on the quantum
gravity scale, $10^{-3}$ eV. For this value the model has experimental
signatures both for colliders and for sub-millimeter gravity measurements.
Black holes reveal certain interesting properties in this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1218 </DOCNO>
Interaction-round-a-face density-matrix renormalization-group method


  A brief review of the interaction-round-a-face (IRF) density-matrix
renormalization-group (DMRG) method. We have demonstrated the numerical
superiority of IRF-DMRG method applied to SU(2) invariant quantum spin chains
over the conventional DMRG. The ground state energy densities and the gap
energies of both $S = 1$ and $S = 2$ spin chains can be calculated using the
IRF-DMRG without extensive computations. We have also studied the effect of
tuning boundary interaction $J_{\rm end}^{~}$ at both ends of the chain from
the IRF view point. It is clearly observed that the magnon distribution is
uniform when the best $J_{\rm end}^{~}$ is chosen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129288 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Microlensing Near Caustics I: Folds


  We study the local behavior of gravitational lensing near fold catastrophes.
Using a generic form for the lensing map near a fold, we determine the
observable properties of the lensed images, focusing on the case when the
individual images are unresolved, i.e., microlensing. Allowing for images not
associated with the fold, we derive analytic expressions for the photometric
and astrometric behavior near a generic fold caustic. We show how this form
reduces to the more familiar linear caustic, which lenses a nearby source into
two images which have equal magnification, opposite parity, and are equidistant
from the critical curve. In this case, the simplicity and high degree of
symmetry allows for the derivation of semi-analytic expressions for the
photometric and astrometric deviations in the presence of finite sources with
arbitrary surface brightness profiles. We use our results to derive some basic
properties of astrometric microlensing near folds, in particular we predict for
finite sources with uniform and limb darkening profiles, the detailed shape of
the astrometric curve as the source crosses a fold. We find that the
astrometric effects of limb darkening will be difficult to detect with the
currently planned accuracy of the Space Interferometry Mission. We verify our
results by numerically calculating the expected astrometric shift for the
photometrically well-covered Galactic binary lensing event OGLE-1999-BUL-23,
finding excellent agreement with our analytic expressions. Our results can be
applied to any lensing system with fold caustics, including Galactic binary
lenses and quasar microlensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4268 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory decay of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate


  We study the decay of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with negative
effective interaction energy. With a decreasing atom number due to losses, the
atom-atom interaction becomes less important and the system undergoes a
transition from a bistable Josephson regime to the monostable Rabi regime,
displaying oscillations in phase and number. We study the equations of motion
and derive an analytical expression for the oscillation amplitude. A quantum
trajectory simulation reveals that the classical description fails for low
emission rates, as expected from analytical considerations. Observation of the
proposed effect will provide evidence for negative effective interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128234 </DOCNO>
GAIA Galaxy Survey: a multi-colour galaxy survey with GAIA


  The performance expected from a galaxy survey to be carried out with GAIA,
the GAIA Galaxy Survey, is outlined. From a statistical model of galaxy number
density, size and surface brightness distribution, and from detailed numerical
simulations based on real images, it is conservatively estimated that GAIA
would be able to detect and observe about 3 million galaxies brighter than $V
\simeq 17$ and to provide multi-colour and multi-epoch broad-band photometry of
these with an end-of-mission angular resolution of $\simeq$ 0.35 \as and a
photometric accuracy of $simeq$ 0.2 {mag/arcsec$^2$} at $\mu_V = 20$
{mag/arcsec$^2$}. The substantial scientific case for performing such a survey
and the additional efforts required in terms of mission preparation, operations
and telemetry are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86679 </DOCNO>
Pseudoinstantons in metric-affine field theory


  In abstract Yang-Mills theory the standard instanton construction relies on
the Hodge star having real eigenvalues which makes it inapplicable in the
Lorentzian case. We show that for the affine connection an instanton-type
construction can be carried out in the Lorentzian setting. The Lorentzian
analogue of an instanton is a spacetime whose connection is metric compatible
and Riemann curvature irreducible ("pseudoinstanton"). We suggest a
metric-affine action which is a natural generalization of the Yang-Mills action
and for which pseudoinstantons are stationary points. We show that a spacetime
with a Ricci flat Levi-Civita connection is a pseudoinstanton, so the vacuum
Einstein equation is a special case of our theory. We also find another
pseudoinstanton which is a wave of torsion in Minkowski space. Analysis of the
latter solution indicates the possibility of using it as a model for the
neutrino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179518 </DOCNO>
Strange Goings on in Quark Matter


  We review recent work on how the superfluid state of three flavor quark
matter is affected by non-zero quark masses and chemical potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1289 </DOCNO>
Firm Diversification and the Law of Proportionate Effect


  The paper presents an analysis performed over the worldwide top 150 firms in
the pharmaceutical industry. It begins with a test of the Gibrat's Law of
Proportionate Effect finding, in line with previous literature, a violation
concerning the variance of the growth. Then it shows, using disaggregated data
on sub-markets (defined according to the ATC code) that this violation can be
completely referred to the existence of a ``diversification'' effect, namely a
scale relation between the number of active sub-markets a firm posses and its
size. The observed scaling property of the firms diversification patterns is in
contrast with the linear assumption typically made in literature. Finally, to
interpret the findings, the work proposes a stochastic model for firms
diversification which fits quite well the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3062 </DOCNO>
Spectacular doping dependence of interlayer exchange and other results


  We report the measurement of spin waves in the bilayer colossal
magnetoresistive manganites La(2-2x)Sr(1+2x)Mn2O7 with x=0.30, 0.35 and 0.40.
For x=0.35 and 0.40 the entire acoustic and optic dispersion relations are
reasonably well described by those for a bilayer Heisenberg Hamiltonian with
nearest neighbour exchange only. The in-plane coupling is only weakly dependent
on x, but the coupling between the planes of a bilayer changes by a factor of
four. The results directly reveal the change from mixed and character of the
orbitals to mostly character with increasing hole concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1350 </DOCNO>
Exact renormalization group flow equations for non-relativistic


  We construct exact functional renormalization group (RG) flow equations for
non-relativistic fermions in arbitrary dimensions, taking into account not only
mode elimination but also the rescaling of the momenta, frequencies and the
fermionic fields. The complete RG flow of all relevant, marginal and irrelevant
couplings can be described by a system of coupled flow equations for the
irreducible n-point vertices. Introducing suitable dimensionless variables, we
obtain flow equations for generalized scaling functions which are continuous
functions of the flow parameter, even if we consider quantities which are
dominated by momenta close to the Fermi surface, such as the density-density
correlation function at long wavelengths. We also show how the problem of
constructing the renormalized Fermi surface can be reduced to the problem of
finding the RG fixed point of the irreducible two-point vertex at vanishing
momentum and frequency. We argue that only if the degrees of freedom are
properly rescaled it is possible to reach scale-invariant non-Fermi liquid
fixed points within a truncation of the exact RG flow equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75020 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Gauge QCD, Confinement, and the Constituent Representation


  Quark confinement and the genesis of the constituent quark model are examined
in nonperturbative QCD in Coulomb gauge. We employ a self-consistent method to
construct a quasiparticle basis and to determine the quasiparticle interaction.
The results agree remarkably well with lattice computations. They also
illustrate the mechanism by which confinement and constituent quarks emerge,
provide support for the Gribov-Zwanziger confinement scenario, clarify several
perplexing issues in the constituent quark model, and permit the construction
of an improved model of low energy QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73118 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Ray "Knee": A Herald of New Physics?


  We propose that the knee in the cosmic ray spectrum at energies E ~ 10^{15.5}
eV is due to "new physics", namely to a channel in the high energy (~ TeV in
the CM) proton interactions hitherto unaccounted for in estimating the energies
of the air shower cosmic rays. The new interaction transfers part of the
primary particle's energy to modes which do not trigger the experimental
arragement (neutrinos, lightest supersymmetric particle, gravitons) thus
underestimating its true energy. We show that this underestimate leads
naturally to the observed break (the "knee") in the inferred cosmic ray
spectrum. The suggestion we advance fits nicely to current theoretical
extensions of the Standard Model (supersymmetry, technicolor, low scale
gravity) where new physics at the TeV scale manifests with the distinct
signature of missing energy. We present a simple model where the new physics
proceeds via gluon fusion and assuming a single power law for the galactic (E ~
10^{18.5} eV) cosmic ray spectrum, we produce a good fit to the data in the
10^{14}-10^{18.5} eV range. Our proposal should be testable in laboratory
experiments (LHC) in the near future and, should it be proven correct, it would
signal besides the presence of new physics in high energy interactions, a
drastically different interpretation of the sources and acceleration of cosmic
rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1839 </DOCNO>
Predictions of pressure-induced transition temperature increase for a


  A wide variety of superconducting oxides are used to test a general model of
high pressure induced transition temperature (T c) changes. The T c 's vary
from a low of 24 K to a high of 164 K. Although the model is capable of
predicting both increases and decreases in T c with pressure, only
superconductors that exhibit an increase are considered at this time.
Predictions are made of the maximum T^ cP theo for 15 super-conductors as a
function of their compressibilities. The theoretical results generally agree
well with experiment. This model of T c as a function of pressure is derived
from a recent successful phenomenological theory of short coherence length
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127008 </DOCNO>
Period distribution of old accreting isolated neutron stars


  In this paper we present calculations of period distribution for old
accreting isolated neutron stars (INSs). After few billion years of evolution
low velocity INSs come to the stage of accretion. At this stage INS's period
evolution is governed by magnetic braking and angular momentum accreted. Since
the interstellar medium is turbulized accreted momentum can either accelerate
or decelerate spin of an INS, therefore the evolution of period has chaotic
character.
 Our calculations show that in the case of constant magnetic field accreting
INSs have relatively long spin periods (some hours and more, depending on INS's
spatial velocity, its magnetic field and density of the surrounding medium).
Such periods are much longer than the values measured by {\emph ROSAT} for 3
radio-silent isolated neutron stars. Due to long periods INSs should have high
spin up/down rates, $\dot p$, which should fluctuate on a time scale of $\sim
1$ yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148761 </DOCNO>
AdS_3 OM theory and the self-dual string or Membranes ending on the


  We describe properties of the M-theory five-brane containing $Q$ coincident
self-dual strings on its worldvolume. This is the five-brane description of Q
membranes ending on the five-brane. In particular, we consider a Maldacena-like
low energy limit in the six-dimensional worldvolume which yields a near
`horizon' description of the self-dual string using light open membranes, i.e.
OM theory, in an AdS_3 x S^3 geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86865 </DOCNO>
Quasinormal modes of the electrically charged dilaton black hole


  We sketch the results of calculations of the quasinormal frequencies of the
electrically charged dilaton black hole. At the earlier phase of evaporation (Q
is less than 0.7-0.8M), the dilaton black hole "rings" with the complex
frequencies which differ negligibly from those of the Reissner-Nordstrom black
hole. The spectrum of the frequencies weakly depends upon the dilaton coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127145 </DOCNO>
Crustal Emission and the Quiescent Spectrum of the Neutron Star in KS


  (Abridged). The type-I X-ray bursting low mass X-ray binary KS 1731-260 was
recently detected for the first time in quiescence by Wijnands et al.,
following an approximately 13 yr outburst which ended in Feb 2001. Unlike all
other known transient neutron stars, the duration of this recent outburst is as
long as the thermal diffusion time of the crust. The large amount of heat
deposited by reactions in the crust will have heated the crust to temperatures
much higher than the equilibrium core temperature. As a result, the thermal
luminosity currently observed from the neutron star is dominated not by the
core, but by the crust. Moreover, the level and the time evolution of quiescent
luminosity is determined mostly by the amount of heat deposited in the crust
during the most recent outburst. Using estimates of the outburst mass accretion
rate, our calculations of the quiescent flux immediately following the end of
the outburst agree with the observed quiescent flux to within a factor of a
few. We present simulations of the evolution of the quiescent lightcurve for
different scenarios of the crust microphysics, and demonstrate that monitoring
observations (with currently flying instruments) spanning from 1--30 yr can
measure the crust cooling timescale and the total amount of heat stored in the
crust. These quantities have not been directly measured for any neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6054 </DOCNO>
Resonant versus anti-resonant tunneling at carbon nanotube A-B-A


  Narrow antiresonances going to zero transmission are found to occur for
general (2n,0)(n,n)(2n,0) carbon nanotube heterostructures, whereas the
complementary configuration, (n,n)(2n,0)(n,n), displays simple resonant
tunneling behaviour. We compute examples for different cases, and give a simple
explanation for the appearance of antiresonances in one case but not in the
other. Conditions and ranges for the occurence of these different behaviors are
stated. The phenomenon of anti-resonant tunneling, which has passed unnoticed
in previous studies of nanotube heterostructures, adds up to the rich set of
behaviors available to nanotube based quantum effect devices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74162 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Matrix Element of the Current-Current Operator in the Decay B


  We evaluate the important two-loop matrix element <s gamma| Q_2 | b> of the
operator (cbar gamma^mu P_L b) (sbar gamma_mu P_L b) contributing to the
inclusive radiative decay B -> X_s gamma. The calculation is performed in the
NDR scheme, by means of asymptotic expansions method. The result is given as a
series in z = m_c^2/m_b^2 up to O(z^6). We confirm the result of Greub, Hurth
and Wyler obtained by a different method up to 0(z^3). Higher-order terms are
found to be numerically insignificant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 961 </DOCNO>
Efficient quantum computing insensitive to phase errors


  We show that certain computational algorithms can be simulated on a quantum
computer with exponential efficiency and be insensitive to phase errors. Our
explicit algorithm simulates accurately the classical chaotic dynamics for
exponentially many orbits even when the quantum fidelity drops to zero. Such
phase-insensitive algorithms open new possibilities for computation on
realistic quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5676 </DOCNO>
An all silicon quantum computer


  A solid-state implementation of a quantum computer composed entirely of
silicon is proposed. Qubits are Si-29 nuclear spins arranged as chains in a
Si-28 (spin-0) matrix with Larmor frequencies separated by a large magnetic
field gradient. No impurity dopants or electrical contacts are needed.
Initialization is accomplished by optical pumping, algorithmic cooling, and
pseudo-pure state techniques. Magnetic resonance force microscopy is used for
readout. This proposal takes advantage of many of the successful aspects of
solution NMR quantum computation, including ensemble measurement, RF control,
and long decoherence times, but it allows for more qubits and improved
initialization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6561 </DOCNO>
Colloidal Dynamics on Disordered Substrates


  Using Langevin simulations we examine driven colloids interacting with
quenched disorder. For weak substrates the colloids form an ordered state and
depin elastically. For increasing substrate strength we find a sharp crossover
to inhomogeneous depinning and a substantial increase in the depinning force,
analogous to the peak effect in superconductors. The velocity versus driving
force curve shows criticality at depinning, with a change in scaling exponent
occuring at the order to disorder crossover. Upon application of a sudden pulse
of driving force, pronounced transients appear in the disordered regime which
are due to the formation of long-lived colloidal flow channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148968 </DOCNO>
1/4 BPS solutions in massive IIA supergravity


  We study four kinds of 1/4 BPS solutions in massive IIA supergravity
corresponding to D8-D0-F1, D8-D2, D8-D4 and D8-D6-NS5 systems. We show that
these solutions are reproduced without making nontrivial assumptions by using
supersymmetry conditions. D8-D2 and D8-D4 solutions are represented by harmonic
functions, as usual, while the other two are represented by solutions of
non-linear differential equations. Because these four solutions can be treated
in almost identical ways, we mainly focus on the D8-D6-NS5 systems. We first
discuss D6-NS5 solutions with uniform mass parameters. Then, we introduce
D8-branes as domain walls by connecting two solutions with different values of
the mass parameter. We also discuss boundary conditions and supersymmetry on
domain walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129186 </DOCNO>
Photometric properties of Stellar Populations in GGCs: a


  Globular star clusters are extremely important astrophysical objects since
(1) they are prime laboratories for testing stellar evolution; (2) they are
``fossils'' from the epoch of galaxy formation, and thus important cosmological
tools; (3) they serve as test particles for studying the dynamics of the
Galaxy; (4) information on individual stars can provide constrains for stellar
dynamic models; (5) they are the largest aggregates in which all post Main
Sequence (MS) stars can be individually observed, and thus serve as fiducial
templates for all the studies of the integrated light from distant stellar
systems. In the framework of a long-term project devoted to a multi-band study
of stellar populations in Galactic Globular Clusters I present a set of recent
results of a systematic study of (1) the Red Giant Branch in the near-IR (J,K)
and in the optical bands; (2) the Horizontal Branch and Blue Stragglers stars
from mid- and far-UV observations obtained with HST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99196 </DOCNO>
Kulikov's problem on universal torsion-free abelian groups


  Let T be an abelian group and lambda an uncountable regular cardinal. We
consider the question of whether there is a lambda-universal group G^* among
all torsion-free abelian groups G of cardinality less than or equal to lambda
satisfying Ext(G,T)=0. Here G^* is said to be lambda-universal for T if,
whenever a torsion-free abelian group G of cardinality less than or equal to
lambda satisfies Ext(G,T)=0, then there is an embedding of G into G^*. For
large classes of abelian groups T and cardinals lambda it is shown that the
answer is consistently no. In particular, for T torsion, this solves a problem
of Kulikov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97389 </DOCNO>
Spacefilling knots


  This note describes how to construct toroidal polyhedra which are homotopic
to a given type of knot and which admit an isohedral tiling of 3-space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4036 </DOCNO>
Thermopower and thermal conductivity of superconducting perovskite


  The thermopower and thermal conductivity of superconducting perovskite
$MgCNi_3$ ($T_c \approx$ 8 K) have been studied. The thermopower is negative
from room temperature to 10 K. Combining with the negative Hall coefficient
reported previously, the negative thermopower definetly indicates that the
carrier in $MgCNi_3$ is electron-type. The nonlinear temperature dependence of
thermopower below 150 K is explained by the electron-phonon interaction
renormalization effects. The thermal conductivity is of the order for
intermetallics, larger than that of borocarbides and smaller than $MgB_2$. In
the normal state, the electronic contribution to the total thermal conductivity
is slightly larger than the lattice contribution. The transverse
magnetoresistance of $MgCNi_3$ is also measured. It is found that the classical
Kohler's rule is valid above 50 K. An electronic crossover occures at $T^* \sim
50 K$, resulting in the abnormal behavior of resistivity, thermopower, and
magnetoresistance below 50 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75604 </DOCNO>
The ionization of H, He and Ne atoms using neutrinos or antineutrinos at


  We calculate the ionization cross sections for H, He or Ne atoms using
$\nu_e$ and $\bar \nu_e$ scattering at keV energies. Such cross sections are
useful for e.g. $\bar \nu_e$-oscillation experiments using a tritium source.
Using realistic atomic wave functions, we find that for $E_\nu \lsim 10 ~\rm
keV $ the atomic ionization cross sections, normalized to one electron per unit
volume, are smaller than the corresponding free electron ones, and that they
approach it from below as energies of 20 keV are reached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149490 </DOCNO>
Compactification of gauge theories and the gauge invariance of massive


  We study the gauge invariance of the massive modes in the compactification of
gauge theories from D=5 to D=4. We deal with Abelian gauge theories of rank one
and two, and with non-Abelian ones of rank one. We show that St\"uckelberg
fields naturally appear in the compactification mechanism, contrarily to what
usually occurs in literature where they are introduced by hand, as a trick, to
render gauge invariance for massive theories. We also show that in the
non-Abelian case they appear in a very different way when compared with their
usual implementation in the non-Abelian Proca model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149267 </DOCNO>
Poisson Chern-Simons Gauge Theory


  We formulate Poisson Chern-Simons gauge theories on compact group manifolds.
These describe a sector of the large representation limit of noncommutative
Chern-Simons in the same way as the light-cone formulation of the membrane
action describe a sector of the large N Matrix model. While the formulation we
give is on a group manifold, only excitations that are invariant under the left
action of the stability group of a weight are allowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126517 </DOCNO>
Chandra observations of the galaxy cluster Abell 1835


  We present the analysis of 30 ksec of Chandra observations of the galaxy
cluster Abell 1835. Overall, the X-ray image shows a relaxed morphology,
although we detect substructure in in the inner 30 kpc radius. Spectral
analysis shows a steep drop in the X-ray gas temperature from ~12 keV in the
outer regions of the cluster to ~4 keV in the core. The Chandra data provide
tight constraints on the gravitational potential of the cluster which can be
parameterized by a Navarro, Frenk & White (1997) model. The X-ray data allow us
to measure the X-ray gas mass fraction as a function of radius, leading to a
determination of the cosmic matter density of \Omega_m=0.40+-0.09 h_50^-0.5.
The projected mass within a radius of ~150 kpc implied by the presence of
gravitationally lensed arcs in the cluster is in good agreement with the mass
models preferred by the Chandra data. We find a radiative cooling time of the
X-ray gas in the centre of Abell 1835 of about 3x10^8 yr. Cooling flow model
fits to the Chandra spectrum and a deprojection analysis of the Chandra image
both indicate the presence of a young cooling flow (~6x10^8 yr) with an
integrated mass deposition rate of 230^+80_-50 M_o yr^-1 within a radius of 30
kpc. We discuss the implications of our results in the light of recent RGS
observations of Abell 1835 with XMM-Newton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97157 </DOCNO>
Convex cocompact subgroups of mapping class groups


  We develop a theory of convex cocompact subgroups of the mapping class group
MCG of a closed, oriented surface S of genus at least 2, in terms of the action
on Teichmuller space. Given a subgroup G of MCG defining an extension 1 ->
pi_1(S) -> Gamma_G -> G -> 1, we prove that if Gamma_G is a word hyperbolic
group then G is a convex cocompact subgroup of MCG. When G is free and convex
cocompact, called a Schottky subgroup of MCG, the converse is true as well; a
semidirect product of pi_1(S) by a free group G is therefore word hyperbolic if
and only if G is a Schottky subgroup of MCG. The special case when G=Z follows
from Thurston's hyperbolization theorem. Schottky subgroups exist in abundance:
sufficiently high powers of any independent set of pseudo-Anosov mapping
classes freely generate a Schottky subgroup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86018 </DOCNO>
On the Conventionality of Simultaneity


  Starting from the experimental fact that light propagates over a closed path
at speed c (L/c law), we show to what extent the isotropy of the speed of light
can be considered a matter of convention. We prove the consistence of
anisotropic and inhomogenous conventions, limiting the allowed possibilities.
All conventions lead to the same physical theory even if its formulation can
change in form. The mathematics involved is that of gauge theories and the
choice of a simultaneity convention is interpreted as a choice of the gauge.
Moreover we prove that a Euclidean space where the L/c law holds, gives rise to
a spacetime with Minkowskian causal structure, and we exploit the consequences
for the causal approach to the conventionality of simultaneity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128994 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Inversion: Reconstructing primordial spectrum from CMB anisotropy


  We investigate the possibility of reconstructing the initial spectrum of
density fluctuations from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. As
a first step toward this program, we consider a spatially flat, CDM dominated
universe. In this case, it is shown that, with a good accuracy, the initial
spectrum satisfies a first order differential equation with the source
determined by the CMB angular correlation function. The equation is found to
contain singularities arising from zeros of the acoustic oscillations in the
transfer functions. Nevertheless, we find these singularities are not fatal,
and the equation can be solved nicely. We test our method by considering simple
analytic forms for the transfer functions. We find the initial spectrum is
reproduced within 5% accuracy even for a spectrum that has a sharp spike.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97639 </DOCNO>
Chaotic size dependence in the Ising model with random boundary


  We study the nearest-neighbour Ising model with a class of random boundary
conditions, chosen from a symmetric i.i.d. distribution. We show for dimensions
4 and higher that almost surely the only limit points for a sequence of
increasing cubes are the plus and the minus state. For d=2 and d=3 we prove a
similar result for sparse sequences of increasing cubes. This question was
raised by Newman and Stein. Our results imply that the Newman-Stein metastate
is concentrated on the plus and the minus state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74558 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the size of the quark gluon plasma


  We use simple entropy arguments to estimate the possible size of the QGP at
the AGS and the SPS. We find that the possibility to form a large volume of QGP
at the AGS or the SPS is very small. The size of the QGP at RHIC and the LHC is
also predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2496 </DOCNO>
Pulse-induced switches in a Josephson tunnel stacked device


  Pulse activated transitions from the metastable to the running state and
viceversa have been observed in a stacked double tunnel Nb-based Josephson
system. Experimental results are compared with numerical simulations based on
the Sine-Gordon model of the stacked junctions by injecting pulses with
variable amplitude in one of the junctions of the stack, and observing the
voltage response of the other junction. Both experimental and numerical results
show the possibility to induce both direct and back-switching transitions from
the metastable to the running state simply by changing the amplitude of the
electronic pulses injected across the stack device.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179597 </DOCNO>
Final state interaction contribution to the response of confined


  We report studies of the response of a massless particle confined by a
potential. At large momentum transfer q it exhibits \tilde{y} or equivalently
Nachtmann \xi scaling, and acquires a constant width independent of q. This
width has a contribution from the final state interactions of the struck
particle, which persists in the q->\infty limit. The width of the response
predicted using plane wave impulse approximation is smaller because of the
neglect of final state interactions in that approximation. However, the exact
response may be obtained by folding the approximate response with a function
representing final state interaction effects. We also study the response
obtained from the momentum distribution assuming that the particle is on the
energy shell both before and after being struck. Quantitative results are
presented for the special case of a linear confining potential. In this case
the response predicted with the on-shell approximation has correct values for
the total strength, mean energy and width, however its shape is wrong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40861 </DOCNO>
Search for SUSY with R-parity violating LL\bar{E} couplings at sqrt(s) =


  Searches for pair production of supersymmetric particles under the assumption
that R-parity is not conserved are presented, based on data recorded by the
DELPHI detector in 1998 from e+e- collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 189
GeV. Only one R-parity violating LL\bar{E} term (i.e. one lambda coupling),
which couples scalar leptons to leptons, is considered to be dominant at a
time. Moreover, it is assumed that the strength of the R-parity violating
couplings is such that the lifetimes can be neglected. The search for pair
production of neutralinos, charginos and sleptons has been performed for both
direct R-parity violating decays and indirect cascade decays. The results are
in agreement with Standard Model expectations, and are used to update the
constraints on the MSSM parameter values and the mass limits previously derived
at sqrt(s) = 183 GeV. The present 95% C.L. limits on supersymmetric particle
masses are: m_{\tilde{\chi}^0} > 30 GeV/c^2 and m_{\tilde{\chi}^\pm} > 94
GeV/c^2; m_{\tilde{\nu}} > 76.5 GeV/c^2 (direct and indirect decays);
m_{\tilde{\ell}_R} > 83 GeV/c^2 (indirect decay only).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5915 </DOCNO>
Exponential Temperature Dependence of Penetration Depth in Single


  The temperature dependence of the London penetration depth,lambda(T), was
measured in both single crystal and polycrystalline MgB_2 samples by a
high-resolution, radio frequency technique. A clear exponential temperature
dependence of lambda(T) was observed at low temperature, indicating s-wave
pairing. A BCS fit to the lowest temperature data gives an in-plane energy gap
Delta of 2.6\pm0.2 meV (2\Delta/T_c=1.5\pm0.1), which is significantly smaller
than the standard BCS weak coupling value of 3.5. We find that the data are
best described by a two-gap model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3663 </DOCNO>
Ferrohydrodynamics: testing a new magnetization equation


  A new magnetization equation recently derived from irreversible
thermodynamics is employed to the calculation of an increase of ferrofluid
viscosity in a magnetic field. Results of the calculations are compared with
those obtained on the basis of two well-known magnetization equations. One of
the two was obtained phenomenologically, another one was derived
microscopically from the Fokker-Planck equation. It is shown that the new
magnetization equation yields a quite satisfactory description of
magnetiviscosity in the entire region of magnetic field strength and the flow
vorticity. This equation turns out to be valid -- like the microscopically
derived equation but unlike the former phenomenological equation -- even far
from equilibrium, and so it should be recommended for further applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73747 </DOCNO>
Markov-Yukawa Transversality On Covariant Null-Plane: Baryon Form Factor


  The baryon-$qqq$ vertex function governed by the Markov-Yukawa Transversality
Principle ($MYTP$), is formulated via the Covariant Null-Plane Ansatz ($CNPA$)
as a 3-body generalization of the corresponding $q{\bar q}$ problem, and
employed to calculate the proton e.m. form factor and baryon octet magnetic
moments.The e.m. coupling scheme is specified by letting the e.m. field
interact by turn with the `spectator' while the two interacting quarks fold
back into the baryon. The $S_3$ symmetry of the matrix element is preserved in
all d.o.f.'s together. The $CNPA$ formulation ensures, as in the $q{\bar q}$
case, that the loop integral is free from the Lorentz mismatch disease of
covariant instantaneity ($CIA$), while the simple trick of `Lorentz
completion'ensures a Lorentz invariant structure. The $k^{-4}$ scaling
behaviour at large $k^2$ is reproduced. And with the infrared structure of the
gluonic propagator attuned to spectroscopy, the charge radius of the proton
comes out at $0.96 fm$. The magnetic moments of the baryon octet, also in good
accord with data, are expressible as $(a+b\lambda)/(2+\lambda)$, where $a,b$
are purely geometrical numbers and $\lambda$ a dynamics-dependent quantity.
  PACS: 11.10.St ; 12.90.+b ; 13.40.Fn Key Words : Baryon-$qqq$ Vertex;
Markov-Yukawa Principle (MYTP); 3D-4D Interlinkage; Covariant null-plane
(CNPA); e.m.form factor;baryon magneton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126430 </DOCNO>
Carbon Flashes in the Heavy Element Ocean on Accreting Neutron Stars


  We show that burning of a small mass fraction of carbon in a neutron star
ocean is thermally unstable at low accumulated masses when the ocean contains
heavy ashes from the hydrogen burning rapid proton (rp) process. The key to
early unstable ignition is the low thermal conductivity of a heavy element
ocean. The instability requires accretion rates in excess of one-tenth the
Eddington limit when the carbon mass fraction is 0.1 or less. The unstable
flashes release 10^{42} to 10^{43} ergs over hours to days, and are likely the
cause of the recently discovered large Type I X-ray bursts (so-called
``superbursts'') from six Galactic low mass X-ray binaries. In addition to
explaining the energetics, recurrence times, and durations of the superbursts,
these mixed carbon/heavy element flashes have an accretion rate dependence of
unstable burning similar to that observed. Though the instability is present at
accretion rates near Eddington, there is less contrast with the accretion
luminosity there, explaining why most detections are made at accretion rates
between 0.1 and 0.3 Eddington. Future comparisons of time dependent
calculations with observations will provide new insights into the rp process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98020 </DOCNO>
Homotopy types of Diffeomorphism groups of noncompact 2-manifolds


  Suppose M is a noncompact connected smooth 2-manifold without boundary and
let D(M)_0 denote the identity component of the diffeomorphism group of M with
the compact-open C^infty-topology. In this paper we investigate the topology of
D(M)_0 and show that D(M)_0 is a topological ell_2-manifold and it has the
homotopy type of the circle if M is the plane, the open annulus or the open
M\"obius band, and it is contractible in all other cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149531 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative Twistor Space


  It is shown that deformations of twistor space compatible with the Moyal
deformation of Minkowski space-time must take the form recently suggested by
Kapustin, Kuznetsov and Orlov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95582 </DOCNO>
Vertex operator superalgebra structure for degenerate minimal models:


  The $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$--graded intertwining operators are introduced.
We study these operators in the case of ``degenerate'' N=1 minimal models, with
the central charge $c=3/2$. The corresponding fusion ring is isomorphic to the
Grothendieck ring for the Lie superalgebra ${\mathfrak osp}(1|2)$. We also
discus multiplicity--2 fusion rules and logarithmic intertwiners.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96858 </DOCNO>
Linear algebra algorithms for divisors on an algebraic curve


  We use an embedding of the symmetric $d$th power of any algebraic curve $C$
of genus $g$ into a Grassmannian space to give algorithms for working with
divisors on $C$, using only linear algebra in vector spaces of dimension
$O(g)$, and matrices of size $O(g^2)\times O(g)$. When the base field $k$ is
finite, or if $C$ has a rational point over $k$, these give algorithms for
working on the Jacobian of $C$ that require $O(g^4)$ field operations, arising
from the Gaussian elimination. Our point of view is strongly geometric, and our
representation of points on the Jacobian is fairly simple to work with; in
particular, none of our algorithms involves arithmetic with polynomials. We
note that our algorithms have the same asymptotic complexity for general curves
as the more algebraic algorithms in Hess' 1999 Ph.D. thesis, which works with
function fields as extensions of $k[x]$. However, for special classes of
curves, Hess' algorithms are asymptotically more efficient than ours,
generalizing other known efficient algorithms for special classes of curves,
such as hyperelliptic curves (Cantor), superelliptic curves (Galbraith, Paulus,
and Smart), and $C_{ab}$ curves (Harasawa and Suzuki); in all those cases, one
can attain a complexity of $O(g^2)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73919 </DOCNO>
Null Propagation of Partially Massless Higher Spins in (A)dS and


  We show explicitly that all partially and strictly massless fields with spins
s<=3 in (A)dS have null propagation. Assuming that this property holds also for
s>3, we derive the mass-cosmological constant tunings required to yield all
higher spin partially massless theories. As s increases, the unitarily allowed
region for massive spins is squeezed around \Lambda=0, so that an infinite
tower of massive particles forces vanishing \Lambda. We also speculate on the
relevance of this result to string theory and supergravity in (A)dS
backgrounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2322 </DOCNO>
Fast formation and superconductivity of MgB2 thick films grown on


  The fabrication, characterisation, and superconductivity of MgB2 thick films
grown on stainless steel substrate were studied. XRD, SEM, and magnetic
measurements were carried out. It was found that the MgB2 thick films can be
fast formed by heating samples to 660 oC then immediately cooling down to room
temperature. XRD shows above 90% MgB2 phase and less than 10 % MgO. However,
the samples sintered at 800 oC for 4 h contain both MgB4 and MgO impurities in
addition to MgB2. The fast formed MgB2 films appear to have a good grain
connectivity that gives a Jc of 8 x 10 4 A/cm2at 5 K and 1 T and maintained
this value at 20 K in zero field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3457 </DOCNO>
An Extended Network Model with a Packages Diffusion Process


  The dynamics of a packages diffusion process within a selforganized network
is analytically studied by means of an extended $f$% -spin facilitated kinetic
Ising model (Fredrickson-Andersen model) using a Fock-space representation for
the master equation. To map the three component system (active, passive and
packages cells) onto a lattice we apply two types of second quantized
operators. The active cells correspond to mobile states whereas the passive
cells correspond to immobile states of the Fredrickson-Andersen model. An
inherent cooperativity is included assuming that the local dynamics and
subsequently the local mobilities are restricted by the occupation of
neighboring cells. Depending on a temperature-like parameter $h^{-1}$
(interconnectivity) the diffusive process of the packages (information) can be
almost stopped, thus we get a well separation of the time regimes and a
quasi-localization for the intermediate range at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114325 </DOCNO>
Investigation Solvation Dynamics and Isomerization of Dye IR-140 Using


  The solvation dynamics and isomerization process of an organic dye, IR-140,
in polar solvents and nonpolar solvents have been investigated using pump
supercontinuum-probing (PSCP) technique. In all solvents, the dynamics exhibits
solvent-dependent. Solvent induced spectral shifts of the absorption and
emission spectra of IR-140 have also been studied in a variety of solvents. At
the same time, the photoisomerization process has been examined. The
approximate energy-band structure of IR-140 was also supposed firstly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169345 </DOCNO>
Stabilizer codes can be realized as graph codes


  We establish the connection between a recent new construction technique for
quantum error correcting codes, based on graphs, and the so-called stabilizer
codes: Each stabilizer code can be realized as a graph code and vice versa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73333 </DOCNO>
Complete factorization of equations of motion in supersymmetric field


  We investigate bosonic sectors of supersymmetric field theories. We consider
superpotentials described by one and by two real scalar fields, and we show how
the equations of motion can be factorized into a family of first order
Bogomol'nyi equations, so that all the topological defects are of the
Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield type. We examine explicit models, that engender
the Z_N symmetry, and we identify all the topological sectors, illustrating
their integrability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74255 </DOCNO>
Very High Multiplicity Hadron Processes


  The paper contains a description of a first attempt to understand the
extremely inelastic high energy hadron collisions, when the multiplicity of
produced hadrons considerably exceeds its mean value. Problems with existing
model predictions are discussed. The real-time finite-temperature $S$-matrix
theory is built to have a possibility to find model-free predictions. This
allows to include the statistical effects into consideration and build the
phenomenology. The questions to experiment are formulated at the very end of
the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123388 </DOCNO>
The early X-ray emission from V382 Velorum (=Nova Vel 1999): An internal


  We present the results of ASCA and RXTE observations of the early X-ray
emission from the classical nova V382 Velorum. Its ASCA spectrum was hard
(kT~10 keV) with a strong (10**23 cm**-2) intrinsic absorption. In the
subsequent RXTE data, the spectra became softer both due to a declining
temperature and a diminishing column. We argue that this places the X-ray
emission interior to the outermost ejecta produced by V382 Vel in 1999, and
therefore must have been the result of a shock internal to the nova ejecta. The
weakness of the Fe K alpha lines probably indicates that the X-ray emitting
plasmas are not in ionization equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174661 </DOCNO>
Quadrupole moments of high-spin isomers: test of the tilted-axis


  We report the results of recent measurements of the spectroscopic quadrupole
moments of high-spin isomers. For the K=35/2- five-quasiparticle isomer in 179W
we measured Q_s=4.00(+0.83)(-1.06)eb. It corresponds to a smaller deformation
compared to the ground states of the W isotopes and is in disagreement with the
current theoretical predictions. We also measured the quadrupole moment of the
I=11- isomer in 196Pb, Q_s=(-)3.41(66)eb. It has the same proton s(-2)1/2 h9/2
i13/2 configuration as the one suggested for the I=16- magnetic bandhead which
allows to deduce the quadrupole moment of the 16- state as Q_s=-0.316(97)eb.
This small value proves the near sphericity of the bandhead.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149446 </DOCNO>
On the equivalence of bound state solutions


  In this paper we show the equivalence of various (non-threshold) bound state
solutions of branes, or equivalently branes in background potentials, in ten-
and eleven-dimensional supergravity. We compare solutions obtained in two very
different ways. One method uses a zero mode analysis to make an Ansatz which
makes it possible to solve the full non-linear supergravity equations. The
other method utilises T-duality techniques to turn on the fields on the brane.
To be specific, in eleven dimensions we show the equivalence for the (M2,M5)
bound state, or equivalently an M5-brane in a C_3 field, where we also consider
the (MW,M2,M2',M5) solution, which can be obtained from the (M2,M5) bound state
by a boost. In ten dimensions we show the equivalence for the ((F,D1),D3) bound
state as well as the bound states of (p,q) 5-branes with lower dimensional
branes in type IIB, corresponding to D3-branes in B_2 and C_2 fields and (p,q)
5-branes in B_2, C_2 and C_4 fields. We also comment on the recently proposed
V-duality related to infinitesimally boosted solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5521 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic noise of a micro-mechanical displacement detector based on the


  We investigate the intrinsic noise of a micro-mechanical displacement
detector based on the radio-frequency single-electron transistor (rf-SET).
Using the noise analysis of a SET by Korotkov as our starting point, we
determine the spectral density of the displacement noise due to the tunneling
current shot noise. The resulting mechanical displacement noise decreases in
inverse proportion to the increasing gate voltage. In contrast, the
displacement noise due to the fluctuating SET island charge increases
approximately linearly with increasing gate voltage. Taking into account both
of these noise sources results in an optimum gate voltage value for the lowest
displacement noise and hence best sensitivity. We show that a displacement
sensitivity of about 10^-4 Angstroms and a force sensitivity of about 10^-16 N
are predicted for a micron-sized cantilever with a realizable resonant
frequency 100 MHz and quality factor Q~10^4. Such sensitivities would allow the
detection of quantum squeezing in the mechanical motion of the micro-mechanical
cantilever and the detection of single-spin magnetic resonance in magnetic
resonance force microscopy (MRFM).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113431 </DOCNO>
The "True Transformations Relativity" Analysis of the Michelson_morley


  In this paper we present an invariant formulation of special relativity,
i.e., the ''true transformations relativity.'' It deals either with true tensor
quantities (when no basis has been introduced) or equivalently with coordinate-
based geometric quantities comprising both components and a basis (when some
basis has been introduced). It is shown that this invariant formulation, in
which special relativity is understood as the theory of a four-dimensional
spacetime with the pseudo-Euclidean geometry, completely explains the results
of the Michelson-Morley experiment. Two noncovariant approaches to the analysis
of the Michelson-Morley experiment are discussed; the coventional one in which
only the path lengths (optical or geometrical) are considered, and Driscoll's
approach (R.B. Driscoll, Phys. Essays \QTR{bf}{10,}394 (1997)), in which the
increment of phase is determined not only by the segment of geometric path
length, but also by the wavelength in that segment. Because these analyses
belong to the ''apparent transformations relativity,'' they do not agree with
the results of the Michelson-Morley experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174696 </DOCNO>
Space and Time pattern of mid-velocity IMF emission in peripheral


  The emission pattern in the V_perp - V_par plane of Intermediate Mass
Fragments with Z=3-7 (IMF) has been studied in the collision 116Sn + 93Nb at
29.5 AMeV as a function of the Total Kinetic Energy Loss of the reaction. This
pattern shows that for peripheral reactions most of IMF's are emitted at
mid-velocity. Coulomb trajectory calculations demonstrate that these IMF's are
produced in the early stages of the reaction and shed light on geometrical
details of these emissions, suggesting that the IMF's originate both from the
neck and the surface of the interacting nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123420 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX observation of the rich cluster of galaxies Abell 85


  We report the observation of the Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM) of Abell 85 by
the X-ray satellite BeppoSAX. We have both analysed the spectrum obtained in
the central 8 arcmin circular region centred on the Very Steep Spectrum Radio
Source (VSSRS) and the spectra from a number of sub-regions. Analysis of the
spectra allowed us to independently obtain new estimates of the temperature,
metallicity and line-of-sight hydrogen density column, both globally
(T=6.6\pm0.3 keV, Z = 0.38\pm0.06 Z_\odot and N_H = 5.5^+0.9_-0.7 10^20 cm^-2)
and locally. These measures are in good agreement with previous measures based
on ROSAT and ASCA data. In the region of the VSRSS, we have tried to
disentangle the thermal from the non-thermal X-ray emission. Although we could
not do this unambiguously, we have nonetheless estimated the extended magnetic
field using the radio spectrum available for this region. We obtain a lower
limit intensity of 0.9 \mu G, consistent with our previous estimate. We also
derive alpha-elements/iron abundance ratios that turn out to be higher than 1.
Such a result tends to support the burst model for elliptical galaxies, where a
strong galactic wind develops early in the galaxy history and type II
supernovae (SN) may have the main role in the enrichment of the ICM. A
two-temperature ICM model was fitted in the central region yielding a main
component with roughly the mean cluster temperature and a cooler component with
temperature less than 0.1 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128166 </DOCNO>
Balloon Flight Background Measurement with Actively-Shielded Planar and


  We present results from the flight of two prototype CZT detectors on a
scientific balloon payload in September 2000. The first detector, referred to
as ``CZT1,'' consisted of a 10 mm x 10 mm x 2 mm CZT crystal with a single gold
planar electrode readout. This detector was shielded by a combination of a
passive collimator surrounded by plastic scintillator and a thick BGO crystal
in the rear. The second detector, ``CZT2,'' comprised two 10 mm x 10 mm x 5 mm
CZT crystals, one made of eV Products high pressure Bridgman material and the
other of IMARAD horizontal Bridgman material, each fashioned with a 4 x 4 array
of gold pixels on a 2.5 mm pitch. The pixellated detectors were
flip-chip-mounted side by side and read out by a 32-channel ASIC. This detector
was also shielded by a passive/plastic collimator in the front, but used only
additional passive/plastic shielding in the rear. Both experiments were flown
from Ft. Sumner, NM on September 19, 2000 on a 24 hour balloon flight. CZT1
recorded a non-vetoed background level at 100 keV of ~1e-3 cts/cm2/s/keV.
Raising the BGO threshold from 50 keV to ~1 MeV produced only an 18% increase
in this level. CZT2 recorded a background at 100 keV of ~4e-3 cts/cm2/s/keV in
the eV Products detector and ~6e-3 cts/cm2/s/keV in the IMARAD detector. Both
CZT1 and CZT2 spectra were in basic agreement with Monte Carlo simulations,
though both recorded systematically higher count rates at high energy than
predicted. No lines were observed, indicating that neutron capture reactions,
at least those producing decay lines at a few 100 keV, are not significant
components of the CZT background. Comparison of the CZT1 and CZT2 spectra
indicates that passive/plastic shielding may provide adequately low background
levels for many applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2818 </DOCNO>
The Interpretation of Quantum-Mechanical Models with Non-Hermitian


  We study the quantum-mechanical interpretation of models with non-Hermitian
Hamiltonians and real spectra. We set up a general framework for the analysis
of such systems in terms of Hermitian Hamiltonians defined in the usual Hilbert
space $L_2(-\infty,\infty)$. Special emphasis is put on the correct definition
of the algebra of physical observables. Within this scheme we consider various
examples, including the model recently introduced by Cannata et al. and the
model of Hatano and Nelson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124033 </DOCNO>
A Catalog and Atlas of Cataclysmic Variables - The Living Edition


  The Catalog and Atlas of Cataclysmic Variables (Edition 1 - 1993) and Edition
2 - 1997) has been a valuable source of information for the cataclysmic
variable (CV) community. However, the goal of having a central location for all
objects is slowly being lost as each new edition is generated. There can also
be a long time delay between new information becoming available on an object
and its publication in the catalog. To eliminate these concerns, as well as to
make the catalog more accessible, we have created a web site which will contain
a ``living'' edition of the catalog. We have also added orbital period
information, as well as finding charts for novae, to the catalog.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4799 </DOCNO>
Permeability and conductivity of platelet-reinforced membranes and


  We present large scale simulations of the diffusion constant $D$ of a random
composite consisting of aligned platelets with aspect ratio $a/b>>1$ in a
matrix (with diffusion constant $D_0$) and find that $D/D_0 = 1/(1+ c_1 x + c_2
x^2)$, where $x= a v_f/b$ and $v_f$ is the platelet volume fraction. We
demonstrate that for large aspect ratio platelets the pair term ($x^2$)
dominates suggesting large property enhancements for these materials. However a
small amount of face-to-face ordering of the platelets markedly degrades the
efficiency of platelet reinforcement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179312 </DOCNO>
Kinetic-theory description of isoscalar dipole modes


  A semiclassical model, based on a solution of the Vlasov equation for finite
systems with moving-surface, is employed to study the isoscalar dipole modes in
nuclei. It is shown that, by taking into account the surface degree of freedom,
it is possible to obtain an exact treatment of the centre of mass motion. It is
also shown that a method often used to subtract the spurious strength in RPA
calculations does not always give the correct result. An alternative analytical
formula for the intrinsic strength function is derived in a simple
confined-Fermi-gas model. In this model the intrinsic isoscalar dipole strength
displays essentially a two-resonance structure, hence there are two relevant
modes. The interaction between nucleons couples these two modes and changes the
compressibility of the system. The evolution of the strength profile is then
studied as a function of the compressibility of the nuclear fluid. Comparison
with available data favours values of the incompressibility parameter of
nuclear matter smaller than those suggested by the analysis of the monopole
``breathing'' mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2485 </DOCNO>
A dynamical mean field theory for the magnetic transition temperature of


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to a numerical error. A
revised version will be posted shortly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96362 </DOCNO>
CMC-surfaces, flat structures and umbilical points


  A short proof of the Caratheodory conjecture about index of an isolated
umbilic on the convex 2-dimensional sphere is suggested. The argument is based
on the study of geodesic lines near cone-type singularity of a metric induced
by holomorphic quadratic differentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81408 </DOCNO>
Scaling behavior of improvement and renormalization constants


  This talk summarizes results for all the scale independent renormalization
constants for bilinear currents ($Z_A$, $Z_V$, and $Z_S/Z_P$), the improvement
constants ($c_A$, $c_V$, and $c_T$), the quark mass dependence of $Z_O$, and
the coefficients of the equation of motion operators for $O(a)$ improved
lattice QCD. Using data at $\beta=6.0$, 6.2 and 6.4 we study the scaling
behavior of these quantities and quantify residual discretization errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1141 </DOCNO>
Deformation and flow of a two-dimensional foam under continuous shear


  We investigate the flow properties of a two-dimensional aqueous foam
submitted to a quasistatic shear in a Couette geometry. A strong localization
of the flow (shear banding) at the edge of the moving wall is evidenced,
characterized by an exponential decay of the average tangential velocity.
Moreover, the analysis of the rapid velocity fluctuations reveals self-similar
dynamical structures consisting of clusters of bubbles rolling as rigid bodies.
To relate the instantaneous (elastic) and time-averaged (plastic) components of
the strain, we develop a stochastic model where irreversible rearrangements are
activated by local stress fluctuations originating from the rubbing of the
wall. This model gives a complete description of our observations and is also
consistent with data obtained on granular shear bands by other groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98895 </DOCNO>
Commutator length of symplectomorphisms


  Any element $x$ of the commutant subgroup $[G, G]$ of a group $G$ can be
represented as a product of commutators. The minimal number of factors in such
a product is called the commutator length of $x$. The commutator length of $G$
is defined as the supremum of commutator lengths of elements of $[G, G]$.
  Let $(M,\omega)$ be a closed connected symplectic manifold. We show that the
universal covers of the groups ${\it Symp}_0 (M,\omega)$ and ${\it Ham}
(M,\omega)$ and have infinite commutator lengths. For certain manifolds
$(M,\omega)$ we present particular elements in the universal cover of ${\it
Ham} (M,\omega)$ that have big commutator lengths -- the estimates on their
commutator lengths depend on the multiplicative structure of the quantum
cohomology of $(M,\omega)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148064 </DOCNO>
Unruh effect in storage rings


  A uniformly accelerated system will get thermally excited due to interactions
with the vacuum fluctuations of the quantum fields. This is the Unruh effect.
Also a system accelerated in a circular orbit will be heated, but in this case
complications arise relative to the linear case. An interesting question is in
what sense the real quantum effects for orbital and spin motion of a
circulating electron can be viewed as a demonstration of the Unruh effect. This
question has been studied and debated. I review some of the basic points
concerning the relation to the Unruh effect, and in particular look at how the
electron can be viewed as a thermometer or detector that probes thermal and
other properties of the vacuum state in the accelerated frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5081 </DOCNO>
Ice Formation in Model Biological Membranes in the Presence of


  Ice formation in model biological membranes is studied by SAXS and WAXS in
the presence of cryoprotectors: dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol. Three types of
phospholipid membranes: DPPC, DMPC, DSPC are chosen for the investigation as
well-studied model biological membranes. A special cryostat is used for sample
cooling from 14.1C to -55.4C. The ice formation is only detected by WAXS in
binary phospholipid/water and ternary phospholipid/cryoprotector/water systems
in the condition of excess solvent. Ice formation in a binary
phospholipid/water system creates an abrupt decrease of the membrane repeat
distance by delta-d, so-called ice-induced dehydration of intermembrane space.
The value of delta-d decreases as the cryoprotector concentration increases.
The formation of ice does not influence the membrane structure (delta-d = 0)
for cryoprotector mole fractions higher than 0.05.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127428 </DOCNO>
Blob Ejection from Advection-dominated Accretion Flow II: the


  It has been argued that blobs ejected from advection-dominated accretion flow
through the accretion-ejection instability undergo expansion due to their high
internal energy density. The expanding blobs interact with their surroundings
and form strong shock, which accelerates a group of electrons to be
relativistic. Then flares are formed. This model has advances in two aspects:
shock acceleration and self-consistent injection. We derive an analytical
formula of the injection function of relativistic electrons based on the
Sedov's law. We calculate the time-dependent spectrum of relativistic electrons
in such an expanding blob. The light-travel effect, the evolution of the
electron spectrum due to energy loss, and the escape of relativistic electrons
from the radiating region are considered, as well as the expansion (at
sub-relativistic speed) of the coasting blob. A large number of light curves
spanning wide spaces of parameters have been given in this paper. Regarding the
symmetry, relative amplitude, duration of a flare, and the time lag between
peak fluxes, we find four basic kinds of light curves for the non-expanding
blob, and seven basic kinds of light curves for the expanding blob. We also
calculate the evolution of the photon spectrum from both non-expanding and
expanding blobs. Different shapes in the phase of decreasing luminosity are
then obtained for different parameter values. The photon index, $\alpha_{\rm
ph}$, keeps constant for non-expanding blobs when luminosity decreases, whereas
$\alpha_{\rm ph}$ continues to decrease after the luminosity reaches its
maximum for expanding blobs. It is expected that we can extract the information
of ejected blobs from the observed light curves based on the present model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4783 </DOCNO>
Magnetic anisotropy of the spin ice compound Dy2Ti2O7


  We report magnetization and ac susceptibility of single crystals of the spin
ice compound Dy2Ti2O7. Saturated moments at 1.8 K along the charasteristic axes
[100] and [110] agree with the expected values for an effective ferromagnetic
nearest-neighbor Ising pyrochlore with local <111> anisotropy, where each
magnetic moment is constrained to obey the `ice-rule'. At high enough magnetic
fields along the [111] axis, the saturated moment exhibits a beaking of the
ice-rule; it agrees with the value expected for a three-in one-out spin
configuration. Assuming the realistic magnetic interaction between Dy ions
given by the dipolar spin ice model, we completely reproduce the results at 2 K
by Monte Carlo calculations. However, down to at least 60 mK, we have not found
any experimental evidence of the long-range magnetic ordering predicted by this
model to occur at around 180 mK. Instead, we confirm the spin freezing of the
system below 0.5 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83519 </DOCNO>
Slicing Event Traces of Large Software Systems


  Debugging of large software systems consisting of many processes accessing
shared resources is a very difficult task. Many commercial systems record
essential events during system execution for post-mortem analysis. However, the
event traces of large and long-running systems can be quite voluminous.
Analysis of such event traces to identify sources of incorrect behavior can be
very tedious, error-prone, and inefficient. In this paper, we propose a novel
technique of slicing event traces as a means of reducing the number of events
for analysis. This technique identifies events that may have influenced
observed incorrect system behavior. In order to recognize influencing events
several types of dependencies between events are identified. These dependencies
are determined automatically from an event trace. In order to improve the
precision of slicing we propose to use additional dependencies, referred to as
cause-effect dependencies, which can further reduce the size of sliced event
traces. Our initial experience has shown that this slicing technique can
significantly reduce the size of event traces for analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5295 </DOCNO>
Modified TAP equations for the SK spin glass: A numerical study of the


  In the spin glass regime the characteristic features of pure states are
investigated for the infinite ranged SK model of finite sizes. The numerical
approach is based on the modified TAP equations in combination with an
elementary relaxational dynamics. For all bond configurations stable and meta
stable states are found and finite size effects are discussed in some detail.
Numerical evidence is presented that the excess free energy of the meta stable
states remains finite in the thermodynamic limit. Further interesting features
of the meta stable states are discussed. All static quantities and the
dynamical susceptibility for the ground state are explicitly calculated and
presented in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field for all temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74790 </DOCNO>
Photon Damping Caused by Electron-Positron Pair Production in a Strong


  Damping of an electromagnetic wave in a strong magnetic field is analyzed in
the kinematic region near the threshold of electron-positron pair production.
Damping of the electromagnetic field is shown to be noticeably nonexponential
in this region. The resulting width of the photon $\gamma \to e^+ e^-$ decay is
considerably smaller than previously known results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97970 </DOCNO>
The effect of mutation on link concordance, 3-manifolds and the Milnor


  We study the effect of mutation on link concordance and 3-manifolds. We show
that the set of links concordant to sublinks of homology boundary links is not
closed under positive mutation. We show that mutation does not preserve
homology cobordism classes of 3-manifolds. A significant consequence is that
there exist 3-manifolds which have the same quantum SU(2)-invariants but are
not homology cobordant. These results are obtained by investigating the effect
of mutation on the Milnor invariants, or equivalently the Massey products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98617 </DOCNO>
Balanced d-lattices are complemented


  We show that all balanced d-lattices must be complemented, answering a
question of Chajda and Eigenthaler.
  (A bounded lattice is balanced if any two congruences agree on their
1-classes iff they agree on their 0-classes.)
  Our main tool is the characterization of d-lattices (a class of bounded
lattices including the bounded distributive lattices, originally defined by a
property of their compact congruences) as exactly those lattices in which all
maximal filters/ideals are prime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41317 </DOCNO>
Search for Heavy Neutral and Charged Leptons in e+ e- Annihilation at


  A search for exotic unstable neutral and charged heavy leptons as well as for
stable charged heavy leptons is performed with the L3 detector at LEP.
Sequential, vector and mirror natures of heavy leptons are considered. No
evidence for their existence is found and lower limits on their masses are set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4458 </DOCNO>
Synthesis and pinning properties of the infinite-layer superconductor


  We report the high-pressure synthesis of the electron-doped infinite-layer
superconductor Sr0.9La0.1CuO2 and its superconducting properties. A Rietveld
analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data showed that, within the resolution of
the measurement, the sample had purely an infinite-layer structure without any
discernible impurities. The superconducting volume fraction and the transition
width were greatly improved compared to those in previous reports. The
irreversibility field line and the intragranular critical current density were
much higher than those of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 and Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4. The stronger
pinning behaviors are consistent with the strong interlayer coupling due to the
short distance between CuO2 planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75035 </DOCNO>
Return of the EMC Effect


  The relationship between the properties of nuclear matter and structure
functions measured in lepton-nucleus deep inelastic scattering is investigated
using light front dynamics. We find that relativistic mean field models such as
the Walecka, Zimanyi-Moszkowski (and point-coupling versions of the same) and
Rusnak-Furnstahl models contain essentially no binding effect, in accord with
an earlier calculation by Birse. These models are found to obey the
Hugenholtz-van Hove theorem, which is applicable if nucleons are the only
degrees of freedom. Any model in which the entire Fock space wave function can
be represented in terms of free nucleons must obey this theorem, which implies
that all of the plus momentum is carried by nucleons, and therefore that there
will be essentially no binding effect. The explicit presence of nuclear mesons
allows one to obtain a modified form of the Hugenholtz-van Hove theorem, which
is equivalent to the often-used momentum sum rule. These results argue in favor
of a conclusion that the depletion of the deep inelastic structure function
observed in the valence quark regime is due to some interesting effect
involving dynamics beyond the conventional nucleon-meson treatment of nuclear
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7599 </DOCNO>
Transient electric current through an Aharonov-Bohm ring after switching


  Response of the electronic current through an Aharonov-Bohm ring after a
two-level-system is switched on is calculated perturbatively by use of
non-equilibrium Green function. In the ballistic case the amplitude of the
Aharonov-Bohm oscillation is shown to decay to a new equilibrium value due to
scattering into other electronic states. Relaxation of Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak
oscillation in diffusive case due to dephasing effect is also calculated. The
time scale of the relaxation is determined by characteristic relaxation times
of the system and the splitting of two-level-system. Oscillation phases are not
affected. Future experimental studies of current response may give us direct
information on characteristic times of mesoscopic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6616 </DOCNO>
Niobium and niobium nitride SQUIDs based on anodized nanobridges made


  We present a fabrication method of superconducting quantum interference
devices (SQUIDs) based on direct write lithography with an Atomic Force
Microscope (AFM). This technique involves maskless local anodization of Nb or
NbN ultrathin films using the voltage biased tip of the AFM. The SQUIDs are of
weak-link type, for which two geometries have been tested: Dayem and variable
thickness nanobridges. The magnetic field dependence of the maximum
supercurrent Ic(flux) in resulting SQUIDs is thoroughly measured for different
weak link geometries and for both tested materials. It is found that the
modulation shape and depth of Ic(flux) curves are greatly dependent on the weak
link size. We analyze the results taking into account the kinetic inductance of
nanobridges and using the Likharev-Yakobson model. Finally we show that the
present resolution reached by this technique (20nm) enables us to fabricate Nb
weak-links which behavior approaches those of ideal Josephson junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128666 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of faint emission line nebulae


  Based on results obtained with FORS1 in long-slit mode we demonstrate the
power of the VLT for the spectroscopy of faint emission line nebulae such as
the gaseous halos of diffuse ionized gas (DIG) in spiral galaxies. It is shown
that VLT spectra of DIG allow us to address the ionization and excitation
processes for the interstellar medium on galactic scales and that in the future
more detailed kinematical studies of DIG could help to constrain the origin of
the observed thick H+ layer in galaxies. The currently available
instrumentation with regard to this application is compared to other possible
designs and efficiencies for integral field spectrographs, in particular
Fabry-Perot systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125219 </DOCNO>
Biomolecules in the Interstellar Medium and Comets


  We review recent studies of organic molecule formation in dense molecular
clouds and in comets. We summarise the known organic inventories of molecular
clouds and recent comets, particularly Hale-Bopp. The principal chemical
formation pathways involving gas phase reactions, as well as formation by
catalytic reactions on grain surfaces or through dust fragmentation, are
identified for both dense clouds and cometary comae. The processes leading to
organic molecules with known biological function, carbon chains, deuterium
fractionation, HNC and S-bearing compounds are described. Observational
searches for new interstellar organics are outlined and the connection between
observed interstellar organics and those detected in comets Hale-Bopp and
Hyakutake are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73291 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark production in the semihard QCD approach at THERA


  In the framework of the semihard ($k_T$ factorization) QCD approach, we
consider the photoproduction of D* mesons associated with two hadron jets and
the D* production in DIS at THERA conditions with the emphasis on the BFKL and
CCFM dynamics of gluon distributions. In the photoproduction of D* mesons the
attention is focused on the variable $x_\gamma$, which is the fraction of the
photon momentum contributed to a pair of jets with largest $p_T$. We show that
our theoretical results are sensitive to the BFKL type dynamics which may be
investigated at THERA energies. We also discuss possible effect of $\J/\psi$ 
meson spin alignement, which is thought to be a vivid manifestation of gluon
off-shellness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81423 </DOCNO>
Connection between Tomboulis vortices and projection vortices


  By using the freedom of picking a representative we explore connections
between the Tomboulis SO(3)xZ(2) form of the partition function and the SU(2)
form. We are able to express the monopole and vortex observables of the former
in terms of configurations of the latter. Also we can measure Tomboulis and
projection vortex counters on the same configuration to search for
correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4112 </DOCNO>
Bulk Band Gaps in Divalent Hexaborides: A Soft X-Ray Emission Study


  Boron K-edge soft x-ray emission and absorption are used to address the
fundamental question of whether divalent hexaborides are intrinsic semimetals
or defect-doped bandgap insulators. These bulk sensitive measurements,
complementary and consistent with surface-sensitive angle-resolved
photoemission experiments, confirm the existence of a bulk band gap and the
location of the chemical potential at the bottom of the conduction band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76748 </DOCNO>
CP Trajectory Diagram; A tool for pictorial representation of CP and


  We introduce "CP trajectory diagram in bi-probability space" as a powerful
tool for pictorial representation of the genuine CP and the matter effects in
neutrino oscillations. Existence of the correlated ambiguity in a determination
of CP violating phase \delta and the sign of \Delta m^2_{13} is uncovered.
Principles of tuning beam energy for a given baseline distance are proposed to
resolve the ambiguity and to maximize the CP-odd effect. We finally point out,
quite contrary to what is usually believed, that the ambiguity may be resolved
with 50 % chance in the super-JHF experiment despite its relatively short
baseline of 300 km.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98357 </DOCNO>
Twisted jet, motivic measure and orbifold cohomology


  We introduce the notion of twisted jet on a Deligne-Mumford stack. and study
the motivic measure on the space of the twisted $\infty$-jets on a smooth
Deligne-Mumford stack.
  As an application, we prove that two birational minimal models with
Gorenstein quotient singularities have the same orbifold cohomology with Hodge
structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76951 </DOCNO>
Graviton Production at CLIC


  Direct production of Kaluza-Klein states in the TeV range is studied for the
experimental environment at the multi-TeV $e^+e^-$ collider CLIC. The
sensitivity of such data to model parameters is discussed for the
Randall-Sundrum(RS) and TeV scale extra dimensional models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124017 </DOCNO>
The plasma-solid transition


  Using a criterion proposed by Salpeter and standard solid-state physics,we
have determined conditions for the occurence of the plasma-solid
transition.Possible astrophysical applications are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97451 </DOCNO>
Infrared regular representation of the three dimensional massless Nelson


  We prove that in the Euclidean representation of the three dimensional
massless Nelson model the t = 0 projection of the interacting measure is
absolutely continuous with respect to a Gaussian measure with suitably adjusted
mean. We also determine the Hamiltonian in the Fock space over this Gaussian
measure space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3479 </DOCNO>
Peak effect, vortex-lattice melting-line and order - disorder transition


  We investigate the order - disorder transition line from a Bragg glass to an
amorphous vortex glass in the H-T phase diagram of three-dimensional type-II
superconductors with account of both pinning-caused and thermal fluctuations of
the vortex lattice. Our approach is based on the Lindemann criterion and on
results of the collective pinning theory and generalizes previous work of other
authors. It is shown that the shapes of the order - disorder transition line
and the vortex lattice melting curve are determined only by the Ginzburg
number, which characterizes thermal fluctuations, and by a parameter which
describes the strength of the quenched disorder in the flux-line lattice. In
the framework of this unified approach we obtain the H-T phase diagrams for
both conventional and high-Tc superconductors. Several well-known experimental
results concerning the fishtail effect and the phase diagram of high-Tc
superconductors are naturally explained by assuming that a peak effect in the
critical current density versus H signalizes the order - disorder transition
line in superconductors with point defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73877 </DOCNO>
Local realism for K0-K0bar pairs


  In this talk we discuss the predictions of local realistic theories for the
evolution of a K0-K0bar quantum entangled pair created in the decay of the
phi-meson. It is shown, in agreement with Bell's theorem, that the most general
local hidden-variable model fails in reproducing the whole set of
quantum-mechanical observables. We achieve this conclusion by employing two
different approaches. In the first approach, the local realistic observables
are deduced from the most general premises concerning locality and realism, and
Bell-like inequalities are not employed. The other approach makes use of Bell's
inequalities. Under particular conditions for the detection times, within the
first approach the discrepancy between quantum mechanics and local realism for
the asymmetry parameter turns out to be not less than 20%. A similar
incompatibility can be made evident by means of a Bell-type test, by employing
a Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt's inequality written in terms of properly
normalized observables. Because of its relatively low experimental accuracy,
the data obtained by the CPLEAR collaboration do not yet allow a decisive test
of local realism. Such a test, both with and without the use of Bell's
inequalities, should be feasible in the future at the Frascati Phi-factory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6303 </DOCNO>
A solvable model of interface depinning in random media


  We study the mean-field version of a model proposed by Leschhorn to describe
the depinning transition of interfaces in random media. We show that evolution
equations for the distribution of forces felt by the interface sites can be
written down directly for an infinite system. For a flat distribution of random
local forces the value of the depinning threshold can be obtained exactly. In
the case of parallel dynamics (all unstable sites move simultaneously), due to
the discrete character of the allowed interface heights, the motion of the
center of mass is non-uniform in time in the moving phase close to the
threshold and the mean interface velocity vanishes with a square-root
singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4640 </DOCNO>
Hawking Radiation in Laboratories


  We propose an experimental model using the Laval nozzle of a sonic analogue
of the Hawking radiation. We observe a power spectrum of the out-going wave
emitted from the vicinity a sonic horizon in place of a created particle
number. Our treatment is based on classical theory, and it will make
experiments to be easier. This experimental possibility is a great advantage of
our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87106 </DOCNO>
A cosmological model in Weyl-Cartan spacetime: I. Field equations and


  In this first article of a series on alternative cosmological models we
present an extended version of a cosmological model in Weyl-Cartan spacetime.
The new model can be viewed as a generalization of a model developed earlier
jointly with Tresguerres. Within this model the non-Riemannian quantities, i.e.
torsion $T^{\alpha}$ and nonmetricity $Q_{\alpha \beta}$, are proportional to
the Weyl 1-form. The hypermomentum $\Delta_{\alpha \beta}$ depends on our
ansatz for the nonmetricity and vice versa. We derive the explicit form of the
field equations for different cases and provide solutions for a broad class of
parameters. We demonstrate that it is possible to construct models in which the
non-Riemannian quantities die out with time. We show how our model fits into
the more general framework of metric-affine gravity (MAG).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96644 </DOCNO>
Homotopy Quantum Field Theories and the Homotopy Cobordism Category in


  We define Homotopy quantum field theories (HQFT) as Topological quantum field
theories (TQFT) for manifolds endowed with extra structure in the form of a map
into some background space X. We also build the category of homotopy cobordisms
HCobord(n,X) such that an HQFT is a functor from this category into a category
of linear spaces. We then derive some very general properties of HCobord}(n,X),
including the fact that it only depends on the (n+1)-homotopy type of X. We
also prove that an HQFT with target space X and in dimension n+1 implies the
existence of geometrical structures in X; in particular, flat gerbes make their
appearance. We give a complete characterization of HCobord(n,X) for n=1 (or the
1+1 case) and X the Eilenberg-Maclane space K(G,2). In the final section we
derive state sum models for these HQFT's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87087 </DOCNO>
Steady-State Eternal Inflation


  Since the advent of inflation, several theorems have been proven suggesting
that although inflation can (and generically does) continue eternally into the
future, it cannot be extended eternally into the past to create a
``steady-state'' model with no initial time. Here we provide a construction
that circumvents these theorems and allows a self-consistent, geodesically
complete, and physically sensible steady-state eternally inflating universe,
based on the flat slicing of de Sitter space. This construction could be used
as the background space-time for creation events that form big-bang-like
regions, and hence could form the basis for a cosmology that is compatible with
observations and yet which avoids an initial singularity or beginning of time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98491 </DOCNO>
Study of an identity


  We solve the word problem of the identity $x(yz) = (xy)(yz)$ by investigating
a certain group describing the geometry of that identity. We also construct a
concrete realization of the free system of rank~1 relative to the above
identity

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127757 </DOCNO>
The Discovery of a Second Luminous Low Mass X-ray Binary in the Globular


  We report an observation by the Chandra X-ray Observatory of 4U2127+119, the
X-ray source identified with the globular cluster M15. The Chandra observation
reveals that 4U2127+119 is in fact two bright sources, separated by 2.7". One
source is associated with AC211, the previously identified optical counterpart
to 4U2127+119, a low mass X-ray binary (LMXB). The second source, M15-X2, is
coincident with a 19th U magnitude blue star that is 3.3" from the cluster
core. The Chandra count rate of M15-X2 is 2.5 times higher than that of AC211.
Prior to the 0.5" imaging capability of Chandra the presence of two so closely
separated bright sources would not have been resolved. The optical counterpart,
X-ray luminosity and spectrum of M15-X2 are consistent with it also being an
LMXB system. This is the first time that two LMXBs have been seen to be
simultaneously active in a globular cluster. The discovery of a second active
LMXB in M15 solves a long standing puzzle where the properties of AC211 appear
consistent with it being dominated by an extended accretion disk corona, and
yet 4U2127+119 also shows luminous X-ray bursts requiring that the neutron star
be directly visible. The resolution of 4U2127+119 into two sources suggests
that the X-ray bursts did not come from AC211, but rather from M15-X2. We
discuss the implications of this discovery for understanding the origin and
evolution of LMXBs in GCs as well as X-ray observations of globular clusters in
nearby galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3639 </DOCNO>
Directed Percolation and the Golden Ratio


  Applying the theory of Yang-Lee zeros to nonequilibrium critical phenomena,
we investigate the properties of a directed bond percolation process for a
complex percolation parameter p. It is shown that for the Golden Ratio
p=(1(+/-)sqrt(5))/2 and for p=2 the survival probability of a cluster can be
computed exactly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126949 </DOCNO>
Towards Spectral Classification of L and T Dwarfs: Infrared and Optical


  We present 0.6-2.5um, R~400 spectra of twenty-seven cool, low luminosity
stars and substellar objects. Based on these and previously published spectra
we develop a preliminary spectral classification system for L and T dwarfs. For
late L and T types the classification system is based entirely on four spectral
indices in the 1-2.5um interval. Two of these indices are derived from water
absorption bands at 1.15um and 1.4um, the latter of which shows a smooth
increase in depth through the L and T sequences and can be used to classify
both spectral types. The other two indices make use of methane absorption
features in the H and K bands, with the K band index also applicable to mid to
late L dwarfs. Continuum indices shortward of 1um used by previous authors to
classify L dwarfs are found to be useful only through mid L subclasses. We
employ the 1.5um water index and the 2.2um methane index to complete the L
classification through L9.5 and to link the new system with a modified version
of the 2MASS ``Color-d'' index. By correlating the depths of the methane and
water absorption features, we establish a T spectral sequence from types T0 to
T8, based on all four indices, which is a smooth continuation of the L
sequence. We reclassify two 2MASS L8 dwarfs as L9 and L9.5 and identify one
SDSS object as L9. In the proposed system methane absorption appears in the K
band approximately at L8, two subclasses earlier than its appearance in the H
band. The L and T spectral classes are distinguished by the absence and
presence, respectively, of H band methane absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7446 </DOCNO>
Identifying Complexity by Means of Matrices


  Complexity is an interdisciplinary concept which, first of all, addresses the
question of how order emerges out of randomness. For many reasons matrices
provide a very practical and powerful tool in approaching and quantifying the
related characteristics. Based on several natural complex dynamical systems,
like the strongly interacting quantum many-body systems, the human brain and
the financial markets, by relating empirical observations to the random matrix
theory and quantifying deviations in term of a reduced dimensionality, we
present arguments in favour of the statement that complexity is a pheomenon at
the edge between collectivity and chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6086 </DOCNO>
Scaling Limit of Vicious Walkers, Schur Function, and Gaussian Random


  We consider the diffusion scaling limit of the vicious walkers and derive the
time-dependent spatial-distribution function of walkers. The dependence on
initial configurations of walkers is generally described by using the symmetric
polynomials called the Schur functions. In the special case in the scaling
limit that all walkers are started from the origin, the probability density is
simplified and it shows that the positions of walkers on the real axis at time
one is identically distributed with the eigenvalues of random matrices in the
Gaussian orthogonal ensemble. Since the diffusion scaling limit makes the
vicious walkers converge to the nonintersecting Brownian motions in
distribution, the present study will provide a new method to analyze
intersection problems of Brownian motions in one-dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2520 </DOCNO>
Method of Collective Degrees of Freedom in Spin Coherent State Path


  We present a detailed field theoretic description of those collective degrees
of freedom (CDF) which are relevant to study macroscopic quantum dynamics of a
quasi-one-dimensional ferromagnetic domain wall. We apply spin coherent state
path integral (SCSPI) in the proper discrete time formalism (a) to extract the
relevant CDF's, namely, the center position and the chirality of the domain
wall, which originate from the translation and the rotation invariances of the
system in question, and (b) to derive effective action for the CDF's by
elimination of environmental zero-modes with the help of the {\it Faddeev-Popov
technique}. The resulting effective action turns out to be such that both the
center position and the chirality can be formally described by boson coherent
state path integral. However, this is only formal; there is a subtle departure
from the latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81319 </DOCNO>
Larger physical volume with a noncompact lattice regularization of SU(N)


  Recently it has been found that in a noncompact formulation of the SU(2)
gauge theory on a lattice the physical volume is larger than in the Wilson
theory with the same number of sites. In its original formulation such
noncompact regularization is directly applicable to U(N) theories for any N and
to SU(N) theories for N=2 only. In this work we extend it to SU(N) for any N
and investigate some of its properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129064 </DOCNO>
Periodic Acceleration of Electrons in the 1998 November 10 Solar Flare


  We present an examination of the multi-wavelength observation of a C7.9 flare
which occurred on 1998 November 10. This is the first time of imaging
observation of the quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs). Four bursts were observed
with the hard X-ray telescope aboard Yohkoh and the Nobeyama Radioheliograph
during the impulsive phase of the flare. In the second burst, the hard X-ray
and microwave time profiles clearly showed a QPP. We estimated the Alfven
transit time along the flare loop using the images of the soft X-ray telescope
aboard it Yohkoh and the photospheric magnetgrams, and found that the transit
time was almost equal to the period of the QPP. We therefore suggest, based on
a shock acceleration model, that variations of macroscopic magnetic structures,
such as oscillations of coronal loops, affect the efficiency of particle
injection/acceleration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127405 </DOCNO>
Quasars, their host galaxies, and their central black holes


  We present the final results from our deep HST imaging study of the hosts of
radio-quiet quasars (RQQs), radio-loud quasars (RLQs) and radio galaxies (RGs).
We describe new WFPC2 R-band observations for 14 objects and model these images
in conjunction with the data already reported in McLure et al (1999). We find
that spheroidal hosts become more prevalent with increasing nuclear luminosity
such that, for nuclear luminosities M_V < -23.5, the hosts of both radio-loud
and radio-quiet AGN are virtually all massive ellipticals. Moreover we
demonstrate that the basic properties of these hosts are indistinguishable from
those of quiescent, evolved, low-redshift ellipticals of comparable mass. This
result kills any lingering notion that radio-loudness is determined by
host-galaxy morphology, and also sets severe constraints on evolutionary
schemes which attempt to link low-z ULIRGs with RQQs. Instead, we show that our
results are as expected given the relationship between black-hole and spheroid
mass established for nearby galaxies, and apply this relation to estimate the
mass of the black hole in each object. The results agree very well with
completely-independent estimates based on nuclear emission-line widths; all the
quasars in our sample have M(bh) > 5 x 10^8 solar masses, while the radio-loud
objects are confined to M(bh) > 10^9 solar masses. This apparent mass-threshold
difference, which provides a natural explanation for why RQQs outnumber RLQs by
a factor of 10, appears to reflect the existence of a minimum and maximum level
of black-hole radio output which is a strong function of black-hole mass.
Finally, we use our results to estimate the fraction of massive
spheroids/black-holes which produce quasar-level activity. This fraction is
\~0.1% at the present day, rising to > 10% at z = 2-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168655 </DOCNO>
Quantum and classical statistics of the electromagnetic zero-point field


  A classical electromagnetic zero-point field (ZPF) analogue of the vacuum of
quantum field theory has formed the basis for theoretical investigations in the
discipline known as random or stochastic electrodynamics (SED) wherein quantum
measurements are imitated by the introduction of a stochastic classical
background EM field. Random EM fluctuations are assumed to provide
perturbations which can mimic some quantum phenomena while retaining a purely
classical basis, e.g. the Casimir force, the Van-der-Waals force, the Lamb
shift, spontaneous emission, the RMS radius of the harmonic oscillator, and the
radius of the Bohr atom. This classical ZPF is represented as a homogeneous,
isotropic ensemble of plane waves with fixed amplitudes and random phases.
Averaging over the random phases is assumed to be equivalent to taking the
ground-state expectation values of the corresponding quantum operator. We
demonstrate that this is not precisely correct by examining the statistics of
the classical ZPF in contrast to that of the EM quantum vacuum. We derive the
distribution for the individual mode amplitudes in the ground-state as
predicted by quantum field theory (QFT) and then carry out the same calculation
for the classical ZPF analogue, showing that the distributions are only in
approximate agreement, diverging as the density of k states decreases. We
introduce an alternative classical ZPF with a different stochastic character,
and demonstrate that it can exactly reproduce the statistics of the EM vacuum
of QED. Incorporated into SED, this new field is shown to give the correct (QM)
distribution for the amplitude of the ground-state of a harmonic oscillator,
suggesting the possibility of developing further successful correspondences
between SED and QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74570 </DOCNO>
Implications of the Higgs Boson Searches on Different Soft SUSY-breaking


  We investigate the Higgs boson sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard
Model (MSSM) in the framework of the three most prominent soft SUSY-breaking
scenarios, mSUGRA, MGMSB and mAMSB. For each scenario, we determine the
parameters at the electroweak scale from the set of input variables at higher
energy scales (depending on the specific scenario) and evaluate the Higgs boson
properties. The latter are based on results obtained within the
Feynman-diagrammatic approach by taking into account the complete one-loop and
the dominant two-loop contributions. The maximum value of the mass of the
lightest neutral CP-even MSSM Higgs boson, m_h, is determined in the three
scenarios, and the behavior of the Higgs couplings to fermions and gauge bosons
is investigated. Restrictions on tan beta and on the set of higher-energy scale
parameters are derived from the lower limits arising from the Higgs search at
LEP2. We furthermore discuss the regions of parameter space in the three
scenarios compatible with interpreting the excess observed at LEP2 as a Higgs
signal, with m_h = (115.0 + 1.3 - 0.9) GeV. The case where the events observed
at LEP2 could originate from the production of the heavier neutral CP-even
Higgs boson is also considered. The implications of a possible Higgs signal at
115 GeV for SUSY searches at future colliders are briefly discussed for each of
the three scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169533 </DOCNO>
In defence of naivete: The conceptual status of Lagrangian QFT


  I analyse the conceptual and mathematical foundations of Lagrangian quantum
field theory (that is, the "naive" quantum field theory used in mainstream
physics, as opposed to algebraic quantum field theory). The objective is to see
whether Lagrangian quantum field theory has a sufficiently firm conceptual and
mathematical basis to be a legitimate object of foundational study, or whether
it is too ill-defined. The analysis covers renormalisation and infinities,
inequivalent representations, and the concept of localised states; the
conclusion is that Lagrangian QFT (at least as described here) is a perfectly
respectable physical theory, albeit somewhat different in certain respects from
most of those studied in foundational work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148758 </DOCNO>
Operator product expansion in SL(2) conformal field theory


  In the conformal field theories having affine SL(2) symmetry, we study the
operator product expansion (OPE) involving primary fields in highest weight
representations. For this purpose, we analyze properties of primary fields with
definite SL(2) weights, and calculate their two- and three-point functions.
Using these correlators, we show that the correct OPE is obtained when one of
the primary fields belongs to the degenerate highest weight representation. We
briefly comment on the OPE in the SL(2,R) WZNW model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6766 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation in the presence of a uniform field and a


  The behavior of an ideal $D$-dimensional boson gas in the presence of a
uniform gravitational field is analyzed. It is explicitly shown that,
contrarily to an old standing folklore, the three-dimensional gas does not
undergo Bose-Einstein condensation at finite temperature. On the other hand,
Bose-Einstein condensation occurs at $T\neq 0$ for $D=1,2,3$ if there is a
point-like impurity at the bottom of the vessel containing the gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87026 </DOCNO>
SSB of scale symmetry, fermion families and quintessence without the


  We study a scale invariant two measures theory where a dilaton field \phi has
no explicit potentials. The scale transformations include a shift
\phi\to\phi+const. The theory demonstrates a new mechanism for gene- ration of
the exponential potential: in the conformal Einstein frame (CEF), after SSB of
scale invariance, the theory develops the exponential potential and, in
general, non-linear kinetic term is generated as well. The possibility of
quintessence solutions are shown. As an example, for one choice of the
parameters we obtain standard scaling solutions usually used in the context of
the quintessential scenario. For other choice of the parameters, the theory
allows a scaling solution with equation of state p_{\phi}=w\rho_{\phi} where w
is restricted by -1<w<-0.82. The regime where the fermionic matter dominates
(as compared to the dilatonic contribution) is analyzed. There it is found that
starting from a single fermionic field we obtain exactly three different types
of spin 1/2 particles in CEF that appears to suggest a new approach to the
family problem of particle physics. It is automatically achieved that for two
of them, fermion masses are constants, gravitational equations are canonical
and the "fifth force" is absent. For the third type of particles, a fermionic
self-interaction appears as a result of SSB of scale invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179061 </DOCNO>
Meson-exchange $\pi N$ Models in Three-Dimensional Bethe-Salpeter


  The pion-nucleon scattering is investigated by using several
three-dimensional reduction schemes of the Bethe-Salpeter equation for a model
Lagrangian involving $\pi$, $N$, $\Delta$, $\rho$, and $\sigma$ fields. It is
found that all of the resulting meson-exchange models can give similar good
descriptions of the $\pi N$ scattering data up to 400 MeV. However they have
significant differences in describing the $\pi NN$ and $\pi N\Delta$ form
factors and the $\pi N$ off-shell t-matrix elements. We point out that these
differences can be best distinguished by investigating the near threshold pion
production from nucleon-nucleon collisions and pion photoproduction on the
nucleon. The consequences of using these models to investigate various
pion-nucleus reactions are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125716 </DOCNO>
Gliese 569B: A young multiple brown dwarf system?


  The nearby late M star Gliese 569B was recently found by adaptive optics
imaging to be a double with separation ~1 AU. To explore the orbital motion and
masses, we have undertaken a high resolution (~0.05 arcsec) astrometric study.
Images were obtained over 1.5 years with bispectrum speckle interferometry at
the 6.5m MMT and 6m SAO telescopes. Our data show motion corresponding to more
than half the orbital period, and constrain the total mass to be > 0.115
M_solar, with a most probable value of 0.145 M_solar. Higher masses cannot be
excluded without more extended observations, but from statistical analysis we
find an 80% probability that the total mass is less than 0.21 M_solar.
    An infrared spectrum of the blended B double obtained with the MMT has been
modeled as a blend of two different spectral types, chosen to be consistent
with the measured J and K band brightness difference of a factor ~2. The
blended fit is not nearly as good as that to a pure M8.5+ template. Therefore
we hypothesize that the brighter component likely has two unresolved components
with near equal masses, each the same as the fainter component.
    If Gl 569B is a triple our dynamical limits suggest each component has a
mass of 50 (+23/-4) M_jupiter. We infer an age for the system of 300 Myr, from
its kinematic motion which places its as a member of the Ursa Major moving
group. All the above parameters are consistent with the latest DUSTY evolutiuon
models for brown dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126211 </DOCNO>
On Jupiter's inertial mode oscillations


  Properties of inertial modes of Jupiter are investigated for an n=1
polytropic description of the planet interior. We use the anelastic
approximation to overcome the usual handicap of a severe spherical harmonics
truncation. A powerful iterative solver then allows us to compute the
frequencies of the most promising low-order modes using as many spherical
harmonics as necessary. The induced O(1%) errors of our model are now within
observational limits. A plausible seismological model of Jupiter might thus be
at hand provided the use of a more realistic description of the planet
interior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73306 </DOCNO>
Possibility of T-violating P-conserving magnetism and its contribution


  T-violating P-even magnetism is considered. The magnetism arises from the
T-violating P-conserving vertex of a spin 1/2 particle interaction with the
electromagnetic field. The vertex varnishes for a particle on the mass shell.
Considering the particle interaction with a point electric charge we have
obtained the T-violating P-even spin dependent potential which is inversely
proportional to the cubed distance from the charge. The matrix element of this
potential is zero for particle states on the mass shell, nevertheless, the
potential contributes to the T-odd P-even neutron forward elastic scattering
amplitude by a deformed nucleus with spin S>1/2. The contribution arises if we
take into account incident neutron plane wave distortion by the strong neutron
interaction with the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128171 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Signatures of Supernovae and Hypernovae


  We review the characteristics of nucleosynthesis and radioactivities in
'Hypernovae', i.e., supernovae with very large explosion energies ($ \gsim
10^{52} $ ergs) and their $\gamma$-ray line signatures. We also discuss the
$^{44}$Ti line $\gamma$-rays from SN1987A and the detectability with INTEGRAL.
Signatures of hypernova nucleosynthesis are seen in the large [(Ti, Zn)/Fe]
ratios in very metal poor stars. Radioactivities in hypernovae compared to
those of ordinary core-collapse supernovae show the following characteristics:
1) The complete Si burning region is more extended, so that the ejected mass of
$^{56}$Ni can be much larger. 2) Si-burning takes place in higher entropy and
more $\alpha$-rich environment. Thus the $^{44}$Ti abundance relative to
$^{56}$Ni is much larger. In aspherical explosions, $^{44}$Ti is even more
abundant and ejected with velocities as high as $\sim$ 15,000 km s$^{-1}$,
which could be observed in $\gamma$-ray line profiles. 3) The abundance of
$^{26}$Al is not so sensitive to the explosion energy, while the $^{60}$Fe
abundance is enhanced by a factor of $\sim$ 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128372 </DOCNO>
Cataclysmic Variables from SDSS I. The First Results


  The commissioning year of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey has demonstrated that
many cataclysmic variables have been missed in previous surveys with brighter
limits. We report the identification of 22 cataclysmic variables, of which 19
are new discoveries and 3 are known systems (SW UMa, BH Lyn and Vir4). A
compendium of positions, colors and characteristics of these systems obtained
from the SDSS photometry and spectroscopy is presented along with data obtained
during follow-up studies with the Apache Point Observatory (APO) and Manastash
Ridge Observatory (MRO) telescopes. We have determined orbital periods for 3 of
the new systems: two show dwarf nova outbursts, and the third is a likely
magnetic system with eclipses of its region of line emission. Based on these
results, we expect the completed survey to locate at least 400 new CVs. Most of
these will be faint systems with low accretion rates that will provide new
constraints on binary evolution models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2885 </DOCNO>
The stochastic limit of the Fr\"ohlich Hamiltonian: relations with the


  We propose a model of an approximatively two--dimensional electron gas in a
uniform electric and magnetic field and interacting with a positive background
through the Fr\"ohlich Hamiltonian. We consider the stochastic limit of this
model and we find the quantum Langevin equation and the generator of the master
equation. This allows us to calculate the explicit form of the conductivity and
the resistivity tensors and to deduce a {\it fine tuning condition} (FTC)
between the electric and the magnetic fields. This condition shows that the
$x$--component of the current is zero unless a certain quotient, involving the
physical parameters, takes values in a finite set of physically meaningful
rational numbers. We argue that this behaviour is quite similar to that
observed in the quantum Hall effect. We also show that, under some conditions
on the form factors entering in the definition of the model, also the plateaux
and the "almost" linear behaviour of the Hall resistivity can be recovered. Our
FTC does not distinguish between fractional and integer values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 345 </DOCNO>
Coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in CeRh1-xIrxIn5


  We report a thermodynamic and transport study of the phase diagram of
CeRh1-xIrxIn5. Superconductivity is observed over a broad range of doping, 0.3
< x < 1, including a substantial range of concentration (0.3 < x <0.6) over
which it coexists with magnetic order (which is observed for 0 < x < 0.6). The
anomalous transition to zero resistance that is observed in CeIrIn5 is robust
against Rh substitution. In fact, the observed bulk Tc in CeRh0.5Ir0.5In5 is
more than double that of CeIrIn5, whereas the zero-resistance transition
temperature is relatively unchanged for 0.5 < x < 1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179229 </DOCNO>
Cranking in isospace - towards a consistent mean-field description of


  Excitation spectra of T=0,1,2 states in even-even (e-e) and odd-odd (o-o) N=Z
nuclei are analyzed within a mean-field based model involving isovector and
isoscalar pairing interactions and the iso-cranking formalism applied to
restore approximately isospin symmetry. It is shown that T=0 states in o-o and
T=1 states in e-e nuclei correspond to two-quasiparticle, time-reversal
symmetry breaking excitations since their angular momenta are different than
zero. On the other hand the lowest T=2 states in e-e and T=1 states in o-o
nuclei, which both are similar in structure to their even-even isobaric
analogue states, are described as e-e type vaccua excited (iso-cranked) in
isospace. It appears that in all cases isoscalar pairing plays a crucial role
in restoring the proper value of the inertia parameter in isospace.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125669 </DOCNO>
Short Gamma-Ray Bursts Are Different


  We analyze BATSE time-tagged event (TTE) data for short gamma-ray bursts (T90
duration < 2.6 s), studying spectral lag vs. peak flux and duration, as well as
the number of distinct pulse structures per burst. Performing the
cross-correlation between two energy bands, we measure an average lag ~ 20-40 x
shorter than for long bursts, and a lag distribution close to symmetric about
zero - unlike long bursts. Using a "Bayesian Block" method to identify
significantly distinct pulse peaks, we find an order of magnitude fewer pulses
than found in studies of long bursts. The disparity in lag magnitude is
discontinuous across the ~ 2-s valley between long and short bursts. Thus,
short bursts do not appear to be representable as a continuation of long
bursts' temporal characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125558 </DOCNO>
The ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey


  We present initial follow-up results of the ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey which is
being undertaken with the Chandra and XMM-Newton Observatories. 235 X-ray
sources are detected in our two 75 ks ACIS-I observations in the well-studied
ELAIS N1 and N2 areas. 90% of the X-ray sources are identified optically to
R=26 with a median magnitude of R=24. We show that objects which are unresolved
optically (i.e. quasars) follow a correlation between their optical and X-ray
fluxes, whereas galaxies do not. We also find that the quasars with fainter
optical counterparts have harder X-ray spectra, consistent with absorption at
both wavebands. Initial spectroscopic follow-up has revealed a large fraction
of high-luminosity Type 2 quasars. The prospects for studying the evolution of
the host galaxies of X-ray selected Type 2 AGN are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128154 </DOCNO>
The Distance to Supernova 1998aq in NGC3982


  The distance to NGC3982, host galaxy to the Type Ia supernova SN1998aq, is
derived using 32 Cepheids discovered in archival multi-epoch Hubble Space
Telescope observations. Employing recent Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid
period-luminosity relations and absolute zero point, we find a distance to
NGC3982 of 20.5+/-0.8(r)+/-1.7(s) Mpc, including both random (r) and systematic
(s) uncertainties, and ignoring any metallicity dependency in the Cepheid
period-luminosity relation. Still unpublished light curve photometry promises
to make SN1998aq one of the most important calibrators for the Type Ia
supernova decline rate-peak luminosity relationship.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2863 </DOCNO>
Modeling collective dislocation dynamics in ice single crystals


  We propose a model to study the plasticity of ice single crystals by
numerical simulations. The model includes the long-range character of the
interaction among dislocations, as well as the possibility of mutual
annihilation of these line defects characterized by its Burgers vector. A
multiplication mechanism representing the activation of Frank-Read sources due
to dislocation pinning is also introduced in the model.
  With our approach we are able to probe the dislocation patterns, which result
from the dislocation dynamics. Furthermore, our results exhibit features
characteristic of driven dynamic critical phenomena such as scaling behavior,
and avalanche dynamics. Some of these results account for the experimental
findings reported for ice single crystals under creep deformation, like the
power-law distributions of the acoustic emission intensity observed
sistematically in experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1473 </DOCNO>
Evaluating the RiskMetrics Methodology in Measuring Volatility and


  We analyze the performance of RiskMetrics, a widely used methodology for
measuring market risk. Based on the assumption of normally distributed returns,
the RiskMetrics model completely ignores the presence of fat tails in the
distribution function, which is an important feature of financial data.
Nevertheless, it was commonly found that RiskMetrics performs satisfactorily
well, and therefore the technique has become widely used in the financial
industry. We find, however, that the success of RiskMetrics is the artifact of
the choice of the risk measure. First, the outstanding performance of
volatility estimates is basically due to the choice of a very short (one-period
ahead) forecasting horizon. Second, the satisfactory performance in obtaining
Value-at-Risk by simply multiplying volatility with a constant factor is mainly
due to the choice of the particular significance level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123682 </DOCNO>
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Cepheids in the Magellanic


  We present a sample of 76 double-mode Cepheids detected in the 4.5 square
degree area in the central part of the LMC. 19 stars from the sample pulsate in
the fundamental mode and the first overtone while 57 objects are the first and
second overtone pulsators.
  We analyze the period ratio of double-mode Cepheids and Fourier parameters of
decomposition of the light curves of these objects. We also present location of
different type Cepheids from the LMC in the color-magnitude diagram and show
the distribution of their ${V-I}$ color indices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4403 </DOCNO>
Optimizing Traffic Lights in a Cellular Automaton Model for City Traffic


  We study the impact of global traffic light control strategies in a recently
proposed cellular automaton model for vehicular traffic in city networks. The
model combines basic ideas of the Biham-Middleton-Levine model for city traffic
and the Nagel-Schreckenberg model for highway traffic. The city network has a
simple square lattice geometry. All streets and intersections are treated
equally, i.e., there are no dominant streets. Starting from a simple
synchronized strategy we show that the capacity of the network strongly depends
on the cycle times of the traffic lights. Moreover we point out that the
optimal time periods are determined by the geometric characteristics of the
network, i.e., the distance between the intersections. In the case of
synchronized traffic lights the derivation of the optimal cycle times in the
network can be reduced to a simpler problem, the flow optimization of a single
street with one traffic light operating as a bottleneck. In order to obtain an
enhanced throughput in the model improved global strategies are tested, e.g.,
green wave and random switching strategies, which lead to surprising results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126569 </DOCNO>
High-resolution rotation curves of LSB galaxies: Mass Models


  We present mass models for a sample of 30 high-resolution rotation curves of
low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies. We fit both pseudo-isothermal
(core-dominated) and Cold Dark Matter (CDM) (cusp-dominated) halos for a wide
variety of assumptions about the stellar mass-to-light ratio. We find that the
pseudo-isothermal model provides superior fits. CDM fits show systematic
deviations from the data, and often have a small statistical likelihood of
being the appropriate model. The distribution of concentration parameters is
too broad, and has too low a mean, to be explained by $\Lambda$CDM. This
failing becomes more severe as increasing allowance is made for stellar mass:
NFW fits require uncomfortably low mass-to-light ratios. In contrast, the
maximum disk procedure does often succeed in predicting the inner shape of the
rotation curves, but requires uncomfortably large stellar mass-to- light
ratios. The data do admit reasonable stellar population mass-to-light ratios if
halos have cores rather than cusps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149502 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Domain Walls from Metrics of Special Holonomy


  Supersymmetric domain-wall spacetimes that lift to Ricci-flat solutions of
M-theory admit generalized Heisenberg (2-step nilpotent) isometry groups. These
metrics may be obtained from known cohomogeneity one metrics of special
holonomy by taking a "Heisenberg limit", based on an In\"on\"u-Wigner
contraction of the isometry group. Associated with each such metric is an
Einstein metric with negative cosmological constant on a solvable group
manifold. We discuss the relevance of our metrics to the resolution of
singularities in domain-wall spacetimes and some applications to holography.
The extremely simple forms of the explicit metrics suggest that they will be
useful for many other applications. We also give new but incomplete
inhomogeneous metrics of holonomy SU(3), $G_2$ and Spin(7), which are $T_1$,
$T_2$ and $T_3$ bundles respectively over hyper-K\"ahler four-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75205 </DOCNO>
Recoil correction to the magnetic moment of a bound electron


  The effect of a finite nuclear mass on the magnetic moment of the electron
bound in the ground state of a hydrogen-like ion is analyzed. Using the exact
in Z\alpha expression for the recoil shift of the energy, I calculate the order
(Z\alpha)^4 m/M correction to the electron gyromagnetic ratio. The theoretical
uncertainty in the prediction for the experimentally interesting carbon ion is
decreased to the level of 1.2x10^-9. This provides a factor of two improvement
in the precision of the atomic mass of the electron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124657 </DOCNO>
Structure in the Velocity Space of Globular Clusters


  We present an analysis of the velocity space of a sample of globular clusters
(GC) with absolute proper motions. The vertical component of the velocity is
found to be correlated with luminosity and galactocentric radius. We divided
the sample into two luminosity groups above and below the peak of the
luminosity function (LF), MV=-7.5, for Galactic GCs. The two groups display
different kinematic behaviour according to the first and second statitical
moments of the velocity distribution as well as distinct velocity ellipsoids.
The velocity ellipsoid of the high luminosity clusters is aligned with the
symmetry axes of the Galaxy, whereas the minor axis of the Low Luminosity group
is strongly inclined relative to the Galactic rotation axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98579 </DOCNO>
The Separatrix Theorem Revisited


  We present a simple proof of Camacho-Sad's Theorem on the existence of
Separatrices for singularities of holomorphic foliations in the complex plane.
The idea is to reduce the problem to the case in which all the (formal)
separatrices are non-singular, by means of a ramification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1820 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Domain Growth of ANNNI Model at Low Temperatures


  We investigate the ordering kinetics for axial next nearest neighbor Ising
(ANNNI) model in one and two dimensions by the multi-spin heat bath dynamical
simulation. This dynamics enables us to overcome the pinning effect and to
observe the dynamical scaling law for domain growth in the ANNNI model at zero
temperature. The domain growth exponent is 1/2 isotropically both in the
ferromagnetic and the dry-(commensurate) antiphase. In the wet-(commensurate)
antiphase, however, it is approximately 1/3 in the modulated direction, whereas
it remains 1/2 in the non-modulated direction. We suggest that these exponent
values are dictated by 3 and 4 body diffusion-reaction processes of domain
walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127126 </DOCNO>
Dynamics and Origin of the 2:1 Orbital Resonances of the GJ 876 Planets


  (Abridged) A dynamical fit has placed the two planets about the star GJ 876
in coplanar orbits deep in 3 resonances at the 2:1 mean-motion commensurability
with small libration amplitudes. The libration of both lowest order mean-motion
resonance variables, theta_1 and theta_2, and the secular resonance variable,
theta_3, about 0 deg. differs from the familiar geometry of the Io-Europa pair,
where theta_2 and theta_3 librate about 180 deg. By considering a condition for
stable simultaneous librations of theta_1 and theta_2, we show that the GJ 876
geometry results because of the large orbital eccentricities e_i, whereas the
very small e_i in the Io-Europa system lead to the latter's geometry.
Surprisingly, the GJ 876 resonance configuration remains stable for e_1 up to
0.86 and for amplitude of libration of theta_1 approaching 45 deg. with the
current e_i. We find that inward migration of the outer planet of the GJ 876
system results in certain capture into the observed resonances if initially e_1
<0.06 and e_2<0.03 and the migration rate |(da_2/dt)/a_2| < 0.03(a_2/AU)^{-3/2}
yr^{-1}. The bound on the migration rate is easily satisfied by migration due
to planet-nebula interaction. If there is no eccentricity damping, eccentricity
growth is rapid with continued migration within the resonance, with e_i
exceeding the observed values after a further reduction in the semi-major axes
a_i of only 7%. With eccentricity damping (de_i/dt)/e_i = -K|(da_i/dt)/a_i|,
the e_i reach equilibrium values that remain constant for arbitrarily long
migration within the resonances. The equilibrium e_i are close to the observed
e_i for K=100 (K=10) if there is migration and damping of the outer planet only
(of both planets). It is as yet unclear that planet-nebula interaction can
produce the large value of K required to obtain the observed eccentricities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148441 </DOCNO>
An Algebraic Criterion for the Ultraviolet Finiteness of Quantum Field


  An algebraic criterion for the vanishing of the beta function for
renormalizable quantum field theories is presented. Use is made of the descent
equations following from the Wess-Zumino consistency condition. In some cases,
these equations relate the fully quantized action to a local gauge invariant
polynomial. The vanishing of the anomalous dimension of this polynomial enables
us to establish a nonrenormalization theorem for the beta function $\beta_g$,
stating that if the one-loop order contribution vanishes, then $\beta_g$ will
vanish to all orders of perturbation theory. As a by-product, the special case
in which $\beta_g$ is only of one-loop order, without further corrections, is
also covered. The examples of the N=2,4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories are
worked out in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86433 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter and Rotation Curves of Stars in Galaxies


  The dark matter accretion theory (around a central body) of the author on the
basis of his 5-dimensional Projective Unified Field Theory (PUFT) is applied to
the orbital motion of stars around the center of the Galaxy. The departure of
the motion from Newtonian mechanics leads to approximately flat rotation curves
being in rough accordance with the empirical facts. The spirality of the motion
is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126689 </DOCNO>
Untangling the X-ray Emission From the Sa Galaxy NGC1291 With Chandra


  We present a Chandra ACIS-S observation of the nearby bulge-dominated Sa
galaxy NGC1291. The X-ray emission from the bulge resembles the X-ray emission
from a sub-class of elliptical and S0 galaxies with low L_X/L_B luminosity
ratios. The X-ray emission is composed of a central point-like nucleus, ~50
point sources that are most likely low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), and diffuse
gas detectable out to a radius of 120" (5.2 kpc). The diffuse gas has a global
temperature of 0.32^{+0.04}_{-0.03} keV and metallicity of 0.06 +/- 0.02 solar,
and both quantities marginally decrease with increasing radius. The hot gas
fills the hole in the HI distribution, and the softening of the spectrum of the
X-ray gas with radius might indicate a thermal coupling of the hot and cold
phases of the interstellar medium as previously suggested. The integrated X-ray
luminosity of the LMXBs, once normalized by the optical luminosity, is a factor
of 1.4 less than in the elliptical galaxy NGC4697 or S0 galaxy NGC1553. The
difference in L_{X,stellar}/L_B between the galaxies appears to be because of a
lack of very bright sources in NGC1291. No sources above 3 x 10^38 ergs/s were
found in NGC1291 when ~7 were expected from scaling from NGC4697 and NGC1553.
The cumulative L_{X,stellar}/L_B value including only sources below 1.0 x 10^38
ergs/s is remarkably similar between NGC1291 and NGC4697, if a recent surface
brightness fluctuation-determined distance is assumed for NGC4697. If this is a
common feature of the LMXB population in early-type systems, it might be used
as a distance indicator. Finally, a bright, variable (1.6-3.1 x 10^39 ergs/s)
source was detected at the optical center of the galaxy. Its spectrum shows
excess soft emission superimposed on a highly absorbed power law component,
similar to what has been found in several other low luminosity AGN (ABRIDGED).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168578 </DOCNO>
Entanglement in squeezed two-level atom


  In the previous paper, we adopted the method using quantum mutual entropy to
measure the degree of entanglement in the time development of the
Jaynes-Cummings model. In this paper, we formulate the entanglement in the time
development of the Jaynes-Cummings model with squeezed states, and then show
that the entanglement can be controlled by means of squeezing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167948 </DOCNO>
Formation and Dynamics of a Schr\"odinger-Cat State in Continuous


  We consider the process of a single-spin measurement using magnetic resonance
force microscopy (MRFM) as an example of a truly continuous measurement in
quantum mechanics. This technique is also important for different applications,
including a measurement of a qubit state in quantum computation. The
measurement takes place through the interaction of a single spin with a
quasi-classical cantilever, modeled by a quantum oscillator in a coherent state
in a quasi-classical region of parameters. The entire system is treated
rigorously within the framework of the Schr\"odinger equation, without any
artificial assumptions. Computer simulations of the spin-cantilever dynamics,
where the spin is continuously rotated by means of cyclic adiabatic inversion,
show that the cantilever evolves into a Schr\"odinger-cat state: the
probability distribution for the cantilever position develops two asymmetric
peaks that quasi-periodically appear and vanish. For a many-spin system our
equations reduce to the classical equations of motion, and we accurately
describe conventional MRFM experiments involving cyclic adiabatic inversion of
the spin system. We surmise that the interaction of the cantilever with the
environment would lead to a collapse of the wave function; however, we show
that in such a case the spin does not jump into a spin eigenstate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75190 </DOCNO>
CP violating asymmetries in single top quark production at the Tevatron


  Analytic expressions for the angular distributions of the $b$-quarks
associated with single $t$-quark production in $p \bar p \to W^* \to t \bar b
\to b \bar b W$ and of the leptons from the subsequent decay $W \to l\nu$ are
obtained in the laboratory system. CP violation in the $t$-production vertex is
assumed. Different angular and total cross section CP violating asymmetries are
considered. Relations testing CP violation solely in the $t$-decay vertex are
also obtained. A numerical analysis is performed in the MSSM with a CP
violating phase of the trilinear coupling $A_{\tilde t}$. The asymmetries are
typically of the order $10^{-3}$ - $10^{-4}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96268 </DOCNO>
Effective Finite Temperature Partition Function for Fields on


  The first quantum correction to the finite temperature partition function for
a self-interacting massless scalar field on a $D-$dimensional flat manifold
with $p$ non-commutative extra dimensions is evaluated by means of dimensional
regularization, suplemented with zeta-function techniques. It is found that the
zeta function associated with the effective one-loop operator may be nonregular
at the origin. The important issue of the determination of the regularized
vacuum energy, namely the first quantum correction to the energy in such case
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127249 </DOCNO>
Neural Networks as a tool for parameter estimation in mega-pixel data


  We present a neural net algorithm for parameter estimation in the context of
large cosmological data sets. Cosmological data sets present a particular
challenge to pattern-recognition algorithms since the input patterns (galaxy
redshift surveys, maps of cosmic microwave background anisotropy) are not fixed
templates overlaid with random noise, but rather are random realizations whose
information content lies in the correlations between data points. We train a
``committee'' of neural nets to distinguish between Monte Carlo simulations at
fixed parameter values. Sampling the trained networks using additional Monte
Carlo simulations generated at intermediate parameter values allows accurate
interpolation to parameter values for which the networks were never trained.
The Monte Carlo samples automatically provide the probability distributions and
truth tables required for either a frequentist or Bayseian analysis of the one
observable sky. We demonstrate that neural networks provide unbiased parameter
estimation with comparable precision as maximum-likelihood algorithms but
significant computational savings. In the context of CMB anisotropies, the
computational cost for parameter estimation via neural networks scales as
$N^{3/2}$. The results are insensitive to the noise levels and sampling schemes
typical of large cosmological data sets and provide a desirable tool for the
new generation of large, complex data sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83606 </DOCNO>
Notes on computing peaks in k-levels and parametric spanning trees


  We give an algorithm to compute all the local peaks in the $k$-level of an
arrangement of $n$ lines in $O(n \log n) + \tilde{O}((kn)^{2/3})$ time. We can
also find $\tau$ largest peaks in $O(n \log ^2 n) + \tilde{O}((\tau n)^{2/3})$
time. Moreover, we consider the longest edge in a parametric minimum spanning
tree (in other words, a bottleneck edge for connectivity), and give an
algorithm to compute the parameter value (within a given interval)
maximizing/minimizing the length of the longest edge in MST. The time
complexity is $\tilde{O}(n^{8/7}k^{1/7} + n k^{1/3})$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5586 </DOCNO>
Three dimensional hysdrodynamic lattice-gas simulations of binary


  We report the results of a study of multiphase flow in porous media. A
Darcy's law for steady multiphase flow was investigated for both binary and
ternary amphiphilic flow. Linear flux-forcing relationships satisfying Onsager
reciprocity were shown to be a good approximation of the simulation data. The
dependence of the relative permeability coefficients on water saturation was
investigated and showed good qualitative agreement with experimental data.
Non-steady state invasion flows were investigated, with particular interest in
the asymptotic residual oil saturation. The addition of surfactant to the
invasive fluid was shown to significantly reduce the residual oil saturation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76056 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis, neutrinoless double beta decay and terrestrial CP


  Leptogenesis in left-right symmetric theories is studied. The usual see-saw
mechanism is modified by the presence of a left-handed Higgs triplet. A simple
connection between the properties of the light left-handed and heavy
right-handed neutrinos is found. Predictions of this scenario for neutrinoless
double beta decay and terrestrial CP violation in long-baseline experiments are
given. These observables can in principle distinguish different realizations of
the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168694 </DOCNO>
A classical perspective on nonlocality in quantum field theory


  A classical statistical field theory hidden variable model for the quantized
Klein-Gordon model is constructed that preserves relativistic signal locality
and is relativistically covariant, but is at the same time relativistically
nonlocal, paralleling the Hegerfeldt nonlocality of quantum theory. It is
argued that the relativistic nonlocality of this model is acceptable to
classical physics, but in any case the approach taken here characterizes the
nonlocality of the quantized Klein-Gordon model in terms of concepts from
classical statistical field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2565 </DOCNO>
Large Scale Structures, Symmetry, and Universality in Sandpiles


  We introduce a sandpile model where, at each unstable site, all grains are
transferred randomly to downstream neighbors. The model is local and
conservative, but not Abelian. This does not appear to change the universality
class for the avalanches in the self-organized critical state. It does,
however, introduce long-range spatial correlations within the metastable
states. We find large scale networks of occupied sites whose density vanishes
in the thermodynamic limit, for d>1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5798 </DOCNO>
Superconducting gap and electron-phonon interaction in MgB$_2$ thin film


  The superconducting order parameter and electron-phonon interaction (EPI) in
a MgB$_{2}$ c-axis oriented thin film are investigated by point contacts (PCs).
Two superconducting gaps $\Delta_{Small}\approx 2.6$ meV and
$\Delta_{Large}\approx 7.4$ meV have been established, which fairly well
correspond to the theoretical gap ratio 1:3. The reconstructed PC EPI function
along c-axis has above 30 meV similarities with the phonon DOS, while a
pronounced maximum around 20 meV is resolved pointing out that the low
frequency phonon mode can be of importance for pairing. We have estimated the
Fermi velocity in MgB$_2$ about 5$\times 10^7$ cm/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127396 </DOCNO>
Intra-Cluster Medium Enrichment and the Dynamical State of Galaxy


  The effects of cluster mergers on the metal enrichment of the intra-cluster
gas in clusters of galaxies are reviewed. Mergers can influence the metal
production as well as the gas ejection processes, which transport the gas from
the galaxy potential wells into the intra-cluster gas. Several processes are
discussed: ram-pressure stripping, galactic winds and star formation activity.
Simulations on different scales ranging from galaxy size to large-scale
structure are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87027 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Brane-World Cosmological Models


  We show that generically the initial singularity is isotropic in spatially
homogeneous cosmological models in a brane-world scenario. We then argue that
it is plausible that the initial singularity is isotropic in typical brane
world cosmological models. Therefore, brane cosmology naturally gives rise to a
set of initial data that provide the conditions for inflation to subsequently
take place, thereby solving the initial conditions problem and leading to a
self--consistent and viable cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129050 </DOCNO>
Simulating CCDs for the Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer


  We have implemented a Monte Carlo algorithm to model and predict the response
of various kinds of CCDs to X-ray photons and minimally-ionizing particles and
have applied this model to the CCDs in the Chandra X-ray Observatory's Advanced
CCD Imaging Spectrometer. This algorithm draws on empirical results and
predicts the response of all basic types of X-ray CCD devices. It relies on new
solutions of the diffusion equation, including recombination, to predict the
radial charge cloud distribution in field-free regions of CCDs. By adjusting
the size of the charge clouds, we can reproduce the event grade distribution
seen in calibration data. Using a model of the channel stops developed here and
an insightful treatment of the insulating layer under the gate structure
developed at MIT, we are able to reproduce all notable features in ACIS
calibration spectra.
  The simulator is used to reproduce ground and flight calibration data from
ACIS, thus confirming its fidelity. It can then be used for a variety of
calibration tasks, such as generating spectral response matrices for spectral
fitting of astrophysical sources, quantum efficiency estimation, and modeling
of photon pile-up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76343 </DOCNO>
Naturalness Bounds on Dipole Moments from New Physics


  Assuming naturalness that the quantum corrections to the mass should not
exceed the order of the observed mass, we derive and apply model-independent
bounds on the anomalous magnetic moments and electric dipole moments of leptons
and quarks due to new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2640 </DOCNO>
Excitation spectra for Andreev billiards of Box and Disk geometries


  We study Andreev billiards of box and disk geometries by matching the wave
functions at the interface of the normal and the superconducting region using
the exact solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation. The mismatch in the
Fermi wavenumbers and the effective masses of the normal system and the
superconductor, as well as the tunnel barrier at the interface are taken into
account. A Weyl formula (for the smooth part of the counting function of the
energy levels) is derived. The exact quantum mechanical calculations show
equally spaced singularities in the density of states. Based on the
Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule a semiclassical theory is proposed to
understand these singularities. For disk geometries two kinds of states can be
distinguished: states either contribute through whispering gallery modes or are
Andreev states strongly coupled to the superconductor. Controlled by two
relevant material parameters, three kinds of energy spectra exist in disk
geometry. The first is dominated by Andreev reflections, the second, by normal
reflections in an annular disk geometry. In the third case the coherence length
is much larger than the radius of the superconducting region, and the spectrum
is identical to that of a full disk geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129049 </DOCNO>
The Metallicity of the Redshift 4.16 Quasar BR2248-1242


  We estimate the metallicity in the broad emission-line region of the redshift
z=4.16 quasar, BR2248-1242, by comparing line ratios involving nitrogen to
theoretical predictions. BR2248-1242 has unusually narrow emission lines with
large equivalent widths, thus providing a rare opportunity to measure several
line-ratio abundance diagnostics. The combined diagnostics indicate a
metallicity of ~2 times solar. This result suggests that an episode of vigorous
star formation occurred near BR2248-1242 prior to the observed z=4.16 epoch.
The time available for this enrichment episode is only ~1.5 Gyr at z=4.16 (for
H_{0}=65 km s^-1 Mpc^-1, Omega_{m}=0.3 and Omega_Lambda ~< 1). This evidence
for high metallicities and rapid star formation is consistent with the expected
early-epoch evolution of dense galactic nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1883 </DOCNO>
Spin Fluctuations in the Underdoped High-Tc Cuprate La1.93Sr0.07CuO4


  We performed magnetic inelastic neutron-scattering experiments on
La(1.93)Sr(0.07)CuO(4) over a wide range of E and T;2 < E < 44 meV and 1.5 < T
< 300 K. The dynamic susceptibility X"(q,E) of this underdoped high-Tc
superconductor (Tc = 17 K) is characterized by broad, incommensurate peaks.
Here, the incommensurate wavevector is approximately 0.07 reciprocal lattice
units at low T and E. The superconducting phase does not possess an observable
gap in the spin excitation spectrum down to at least 2 meV. Scaling behavior is
demonstrated for the q-integrate energy spectrum X"(E) with respect to (E/kT).
This scaling establishes a connnection between the magnetic excitations of the
compositions on either side of the insulator-superconductor boundary in the
La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) phase diagram. We note a possible cross-over from an
incommensurate to a commensurate response for E > 20 meV or T > 300 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96833 </DOCNO>
Carleson's theorem with quadratic phase


  Carleson's theorem on the pointwise convergence of Fourier series provides
bounds for a maximal operator, with the maximum taken over all choices of
linear functions of a phase argument. We extend this to all quadratic choices
of phase functions. Specifically, we show that the maximal operator below maps
$L^p$ into itself for $1<p<\infty$. $$ \sup_a \sup_b |\int
e^{i(ay^2+by)}f(x-y)dy/y| $$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86067 </DOCNO>
Inflation Induced by Vacuum Energy and Graceful Exit from it


  Motivated by brane cosmology we solve the Einstein equations with a time
dependent cosmological constant. Assuming that at an early epoch the vacuum
energy scales as $1/logt $, we show that the universe passes from a fast
growing phase (inflation) to an expanding phase in a natural way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127588 </DOCNO>
Atomic T Tauri disk winds heated by ambipolar diffusion II-


  Thermal and ionization structures of self-similar, magnetically-driven disk
winds obtained in a companion paper \cite{Garcia2001a} are used to compute a
series of jet synthetic observations. These include spatially resolved
forbidden line emission maps, long-slit spectra, as well as line ratios. Line
profiles and jet widths appear to be good tracers of the wind dynamics and
collimation, whereas line ratios essentially trace gas excitation conditions. 
  All the above diagnostics are confronted to observations of T Tauri star
microjets. Convolution by the observing beam is shown to be essential for a
meaningful test of the models. We find that jet widths and qualitative
variations in line profiles with both distance and line tracers are well
reproduced. A low-velocity [\ion{O}{i}] component is also obtained, originating
from the disk wind base. However, this component is too weak, predicted maximum
velocities are too high and electronic and total densities are too low. Denser
and slower magnetized winds, launched from disks with warm chromospheres, might
resolve these discrepancies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72370 </DOCNO>
Survival Probability of Large Rapidity Gaps in pbar p, pp, gamma p and


  Using an eikonal analysis, we simultaneously fit a QCD-inspired
parameterization of all accelerator data on forward proton-proton and
antiproton-proton scattering amplitudes, together with cosmic ray data (using
Glauber theory), to predict proton-air and proton-proton cross sections at
energies near \sqrt s \approx 30 TeV. The p-air cosmic ray measurements greatly
reduce the errors in the high energy proton-proton and proton-air cross section
predictions--in turn, greatly reducing the errors in the fit parameters. From
this analysis, we can then compute the survival probability of rapidity gaps in
high energy pbar p and pp collisions, with high accuracy in a quasi model-free
environment. Using an additive quark model and vector meson dominance, we note
that that the survival probabilities are identical, at the same energy, for
gamma p and gamma gamma collisions, as well as for nucleon-nucleon collisions.
Significantly, our analysis finds large values for gap survival probabilities,
\approx 30% at \sqrt s = 200 GeV, \approx 21% at \sqrt s = 1.8 TeV and \approx
%%13% at \sqrt s = 14 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41000 </DOCNO>
Addendum to the CLOUD proposal


  This report is the first of two addenda to the CLOUD proposal at CERN
(physics/0104048), which aims to test experimentally the existence a link
between cosmic rays and cloud formation, and to understand the microphysical
mechanism. The document provides further details on the detector design,
scientific motivation and experimental programme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4882 </DOCNO>
Many-body approach to the nonlinear interaction of charged particles


  We report various many-body theoretical approaches to the nonlinear decay
rate and energy loss of charged particles moving in an interacting free
electron gas. These include perturbative formulations of the scattering matrix,
the self-energy, and the induced electron density. Explicit expressions for
these quantities are obtained, with inclusion of exchange and correlation
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148153 </DOCNO>
Comments on Open Wilson Lines and Generalized Star Products


  We consider an open Wilson line as a momentum representation of a boundary
state which describes a D-brane in a constant B-field background. Using this
picture, we study the Seiberg-Witten map which relates the commutative and
noncommutative gauge fields, and determine the products of fields appearing in
the general terms in the expansion of this map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3380 </DOCNO>
The Atomic Slide Puzzle: Self-Diffusion of an Impure Atom


  In a series of recent papers van Gastel et al have presented first
experimental evidence that impure, Indium atoms, embedded into the first layer
of a Cu(001) surface, are not localized within the close-packed surface layers
but make concerted, long excursions visualized in a series of STM images. Such
excursions occur due to continuous reshuffling of the surface following the
position exchanges of both impure and host atoms with the naturally occuring
surface vacancies. Van Gastel et al have also formulated an original
lattice-gas type model with asymmetric exchange probabilities, whose numerical
solution is in a good agreement with the experimental data. In this paper we
propose an exact lattice solution of several versions of this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41371 </DOCNO>
Diffraction in CDF: Run I results and plans for Run II


  Results on diffraction obtained by the CDF Collaboration in Run I of the
Fermilab Tevatron $\bar pp$ collider are reviewed. New results are reported on
soft double diffraction and diffractive $J/\psi$ production. The CDF program
for diffractive studies in Run II is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126531 </DOCNO>
Crosscorrelation Spectropolarimetry In Single-Dish Radio Astronomy


  Modern digital correlators permit the simultaneous measurement of all four
Stokes parameters using auto and crosscorrelation. We briefly outline the
fundamental requirements and some practical details of performing such
measurements and refer to two additional papers that provide overview and cover
calibration issues in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6214 </DOCNO>
Ten-nanometer surface intrusions in room temperature silicon


  Defects ~10 nm in size, with number densities ~10^{10} cm^{-2}, form
spontaneously beneath ion-milled, etched, or HF-dipped silicon surfaces
examined in our Ti-ion getter-pumped transmission electron microscope (TEM)
after exposure to air. They appear as weakly-strained non-crystalline
intrusions into silicon bulk, that show up best in the TEM under conditions of
strong edge or bend contrast. If ambient air exposure is <10 minutes, defect
nucleation and growth can be monitored {\em in situ}. Possible mechanisms of
formation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76062 </DOCNO>
Proton Decay, Fermion Masses and Texture from Extra Dimensions in SUSY


  In supersymmetry, there are gauge invariant dimension 5 proton decay
operators which must be suppressed by a mass scale much larger than the Planck
mass. It is natural to expect that this suppression should be explained by a
mechanism that explains the hierarchical structure of the fermion mass
matrices. We apply this argument to the case where wave functions of chiral
multiplets are localized under a kink background along an extra spatial
dimension and the Yukawa couplings as well as the coefficients of the proton
decay operators are determined by the overlap of the relevant wave functions. A
configuration is found in the context of SU(5) supersymmetric grand unified
theory that yields realistic values of quark masses, mixing angles, CP phase
and charged lepton masses and sufficiently small genuine dimension 5 proton
decay operators. The resulting mass matrix has a texture structure in which
texture zeros are a consequence of extremely small overlap of the wave
functions. Our approach requires explicit breaking of supersymmetry in the
extra dimension, which can be realized in (de)constructing extra dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86899 </DOCNO>
Comparing the inspiral of irrotational and corotational binary neutron


  We model the adiabatic inspiral of relativistic binary neutron stars in a
quasi-equilibrium (QE) approximation, and compute the gravitational wavetrain
from the late phase of the inspiral. We compare corotational and irrotational
sequences and find a significant difference in the inspiral rate, which is
almost entirely caused by differences in the binding energy. We also compare
our results with those of a point-mass post-Newtonian calculation. We
illustrate how the late inspiral wavetrain computed with our QE numerical
scheme can be matched to the subsequent plunge and merger waveform calculated
with a fully relativistic hydrodynamics code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97219 </DOCNO>
Wild ramification and a vanishing cycles formula


  In this paper we prove an explicit formula which compares the dimensions of
the spaces of vanishing cycles in a Galois cover of degree p between formal
germ of curves over a complete discrete valuation ring of inequal
characteristics (0,p). This formula can be easily generalised to the case of a
Galois cover with group which is nilpotent or which has a normal p-Sylow
subgroup. The results of this paper play a key role in [Sa-1] where is studied
the semi-stable reduction of Galois covers of degree p above semi-stable curves
over a complete discrete valuation ring of inequal characteristics (0,p), as
well as the Galois action on these covers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128996 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray astronomy


  This paper summarizes recents results in gamma-ray astronomy, most of which
were derived with data from ground-based gamma-ray detectors. Many of the
contributions presented at this conference involve multiwavelength studies
which combine ground-based gamma-ray measurements with optical data or
space-based X-ray and gamma-ray measurements. Besides measurements of the
diffuse emission from the Galaxy, observations of blazars, gamma-ray bursts,
and supernova remnants this paper also covers theoretical models for the
acceleration of radiating particles and their emission mechanisms in these
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127534 </DOCNO>
Development of an XSPEC-Based Spectral Analysis System for the


  We present the spectral analysis system for the second-generation Energetic
X-ray Imaging Telescope Experiment (EXITE2) balloon payload. EXITE2 is an
imaging hard X-ray telescope using a coded-aperture mask and a NaI/CsI phoswich
detector operating in the energy range 20--600 keV. The instrument was flown on
a high-altitude scientific balloon from Ft. Sumner, NM on 1997 May 7-8. We
describe the details of the EXITE2 spectral analysis system, with emphasis on
those aspects peculiar to coded-aperture instruments. In particular, we have
made our analysis compatible with the standard X-ray spectral fitting package
XSPEC by generating a response matrix in the appropriate format including all
the effects of a coded-aperture system. The use of XSPEC, which may be a first
for coded-aperture data, permits great flexibility in the fitting of spectral
models. The additional effects of our phoswich system, or any other
detector-specific considerations, may be easily included as well. We test our
spectral analysis using observations of the Crab Nebula, and find that the
EXITE2 Crab spectrum is consistent with those recorded by previous instruments
operating in this energy range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86913 </DOCNO>
Performance of a 1200m long suspended Fabry-Perot cavity


  Using one arm of the Michelson interferometer and the power recycling mirror
of the interferometric gravitational wave detector GEO600, we created a
Fabry-Perot cavity with a length of 1200 m. The main purpose of this experiment
was to gather first experience with the main optics, its suspensions and the
corresponding control systems. The residual displacement of a main mirror is
about 150 nm rms. By stabilising the length of the 1200 m long cavity to the
pre-stabilised laser beam we achieved an error point frequency noise of 0.1
mHz/sqrt(Hz) at 100 Hz Fourier frequency. In addition we demonstrated the
reliable performance of all included subsystems by several 10-hour-periods of
continuous stable operation. Thus the full frequency stabilisation scheme for
GEO600 was successfully tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113981 </DOCNO>
Dipole Wakefield Suppression In High Phase Advance Detuned Linear


  Recent experiments at SLAC [1,2] and CERN [3] have revealed evidence of
significant deformation in the form of "pitting" of the cells of the 1.8m
series of structures DDS/RDDS (Damped Detuned Structure/Rounded Damped Detuned
Structure). This pitting occurs in the high group velocity (vg /c = 0.012) end
of the accelerating structure and little evidence of breakdown has been found
in the lower group velocity end of the structure. Additional, albeit
preliminary experimental evidence, suggests that shorter and lower group
velocity structures have reduced breakdown events with increasing accelerating
field strengths. Two designs are presented here, firstly a 90cm structure
consisting of 83 cells with an initial vg/c = 0.0506 (known as H90VG5) and
secondly, an even shorter structure of length 60cm consisting of 55 cells with
an initial vg /c = 0.03 (known as H60VG3). The feasibility of using these
structures to accelerate a charged beam over 10km is investigated. The
particular issue focussed upon is suppression of the dipole wakefields via
detuning of the cell frequencies and by locally damping individual cells in
order to avoid BBU (Beam Break Up). Results are presented on beam-induced
dipole wakefields and on the beam dynamics encountered on tracking the progress
of the beam through several thousand accelerating structures.
  [1] C. Adolphsen, ROAA003, this conf. [2] R.H. Miller et al, FPAH062, this
conf. [3] L. Groening et al, MPPH039, this conf

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7382 </DOCNO>
Periodic Oscillations of Josephson-Vortex Flow Resistance in


  To study the Josephson-vortex system in the intrinsic Josephson junctions, we
have measured the flow resistance as a function of magnetic field parallel to
the $ab$ plane in Bi${}_2$Sr${}_2$CaCu${}_2$O${}_{8+y}$ single crystals.
Although it was known that the flow resistance increases smoothly with
increasing field, we have found novel oscillations of vortex flow resistance in
the small current regime. The period of the oscillations corresponds to the
field which is needed to add ``{\it one}'' vortex quantum per ``{\it two}''
Josephson junctions. Commensurability between the lattice spacing of Josephson
vortices along the $ab$ plane and the size of the junction is related to the
flow velocity of vortices. The results show that Josephson vortices form
triangular lattice in the state where the oscillations occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128841 </DOCNO>
A comment on the colour-colour diagrams of Low Mass X-ray Binaries


  Disc accreting neutron stars come in two distinct varieties, atolls and Z
sources, named after their differently shaped tracks on a colour-colour diagram
as the source luminosity changes. Here we present analysis of three transient
atoll sources showing that there is an additional branch in the colour-colour
diagram of atoll sources which appears at very low luminosities. This new
branch connects to the top of previously known C-shaped (atoll) path, forming a
horizontal track where the average source flux decrease from right to left.
This turns the C-shape into a Z. Thus both atolls and Z sources share the same
topology on the colour-colour diagram, and evolve in similar way as a function
of increasing averaged mass accretion rate. This strongly favours models in
which the underlying geometry of these sources changes in similar ways. A
possible scenario is one where the truncated disc approaches the neutron star
when the accretion rate increases, but that in the atolls the disc is truncated
by evaporation (similarly to black holes) whereas in the Z sources it is
truncated by the magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148767 </DOCNO>
Primordial Inflation and Present-Day Cosmological Constant from Extra


  A semiclassical gravitation model is outlined which makes use of the Casimir
energy density of vacuum fluctuations in extra compactified dimensions to
produce the present-day cosmological constant as rho_LAMBDA ~ M^8/M_P^4, where
M_P is the Planck scale and M is the weak interaction scale. The model is based
on (4+D)-dimensional gravity, with D = 2 extra dimensions with radius b(t)
curled up at the ADD length scale b_0 = M_P/M^2 ~ 0.1 mm. Vacuum fluctuations
in the compactified space perturb b_0 very slightly, generating a small
present-day cosmological constant.
  The radius of the compactified dimensions is predicted to be b_0 = k^{1/4}
0.09 mm (or equivalently M = 2.4 TeV/k^{1/8}), where the Casimir energy density
is k/b^4.
  Primordial inflation of our three-dimensional space occurs as in the
cosmology of the ADD model as the inflaton b(t), which initially is on the
order of 1/M ~ 10^{-17} cm, rolls down its potential to b_0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123392 </DOCNO>
How to focus a Cherenkov telescope


  Cherenkov telescopes image the Cherenkov emission from air showers. A priori,
it is not obvious if the `best' images are achieved by measuring Cherenkov
photon angles, i.e. focusing the telescope at infinity, or by considering the
air shower as an object to be imaged, in which case one might focus the
telescope on the central region of the shower. The issue is addressed using
shower simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126875 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Microlensing of Bright Quasars


  We calculated the expected microlens light curves for several accretion-flow
models and compared the results to find what aspects of distinct flow
structures can be extracted from the microlens light curves. As for the flow
models, we considered the standard disk, optically thin advection-dominated
flow, and the disk-corona model by Kawaguchi et al., which can nicely reproduce
the observed quasar spectra. The calculated microlens light curves of the
disk-corona model exhibit rapid soft X-ray and slow hard X-ray variations. This
is because the former is generated by Compton up-scattering of soft (optical --
UV) photons from the innermost part of the disk body, while the latter is
emitted via bremsstrahlung within the corona at relatively large radii.
Furthermore, an inhomogeneous emissivity distribution over the disk produces
humps in the microlens light curves because of enhanced microlens amplification
of the bright areas. It is hoped that black-hole accretion theory coupled with
future multi-wavelength microlens observations will be able to reveal such
spatial and temporal behaviors of flows in the vicinity of black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87243 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariance in teleparallel gravity theories: A solution to the


  We deal with the problem of identifying a background structure and its
perturbation in tetrad theories of gravity. Starting from a peculiar trivial
principal bundle we define a metric which depends only on the gauge connection.
We find the allowed four-dimensional structure groups; two of them turn out to
be the translation group T_4 and the unitary group U(2). When the curvature
vanishes the metric reduces to its background form which coincides with
Minkowski flat metric for the T_4 case and with the Einstein static universe
metric for the U(2) case. The perturbation has a coordinate independent
definition and allows for the introduction of observables distinguished from
those obtained from the metric alone. Finally, we show that any teleparallel
theory of gravity, and hence general relativity, can be considered as a gauge
theory over the groups introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96062 </DOCNO>
Residue Complexes over Noncommutative Rings


  Residue complexes were introduced by Grothendieck in algebraic geometry.
These are canonical complexes of injective modules that enjoy remarkable
functorial properties (traces).
  In this paper we study residue complexes over noncommutative rings. These
objects are even more complicated than in the commutative case, since they are
complexes of bimodules. We develop methods to prove uniqueness, existence and
functoriality of residue complexes.
  For a noetherian affine PI algebra over a field (admitting a noetherian
connected filtration) we prove existence of the residue complex and describe
its structure in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127401 </DOCNO>
Lateral Distribution Studies for the PACT Experiment


  Monte Carlo calculations have been done to study the possibilities of using
different spatial distributions, local fluctuations and the number of Cerenkov
photons in gamma ray showers to increase the sensitivity of the PACT
experiment. After matching the trigger rates in data with the predictions of
simulations, the energy threshold of the array for gamma rays is found to be
about 900 GeV. It is shown that a lateral distribution parameter $\beta$ can
increase the signal to noise ratio in the experiment. A typical season of 15
nights should be able to conclusively establish any source with Crab level
fluxes. Two other possible parameters for increase of sensitivity are also
discussed. Preliminary results on the application of the $\beta$ parameter to
the data from PACT experiment are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124873 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Line Emission from 7-Li and 7-Be Production by Cosmic-Rays


  We calculate the total gamma-ray line emission at ~450 keV that accompanies
7-Li and 7-Be production by cosmic-ray interactions, including the delayed line
emission at 0.478 MeV from 7-Be radioactive decay. We present a new gamma-ray
spectroscopic test which has the potential to give direct information on the
nature of the interstellar regions into which 7-Be ions propagate and decay.
Finally, we evaluate the intensity of the predicted diffuse emission from the
central radian of the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87147 </DOCNO>
GRworkbench: A Computational System Based on Differential Geometry


  We have developed a new tool for numerical work in General Relativity:
GRworkbench. While past tools have been ad hoc, GRworkbench closely follows the
framework of Differential Geometry to provide a robust and general way of
computing on analytically defined space-times. We discuss the relationship
between Differential Geometry and C++ classes in GRworkbench, and demonstrate
their utility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87208 </DOCNO>
Proper initial conditions for long-term integrations of the solar system


  An optimization program is used to re-adjust the initial conditions, in order
to reproduce as closely as possible the predictions of a complete ephemeris by
using simplified equations of motion in the numerical integration. The
adjustment of the initial conditions is illustrated in the transition from the
DE406 complete long-range ephemeris to a Newtonian model considering only the
Sun and the four major planets. It is also used to best reproduce this same
DE406 ephemeris, based on post-Newtonian equations for a system of mass points
and including the Moon and asteroids, by using a Newtonian calculation
corrected by the Schwarzschild effects of the Sun and restricted to the ten
major bodies of the solar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73565 </DOCNO>
Probing anomalous quartic gauge-boson couplings via e+e- -->


  All lowest-order amplitudes for e+e- --> 4f+gamma are calculated including
five anomalous quartic gauge-boson couplings that are allowed by
electromagnetic gauge invariance and the custodial SU(2)_c symmetry. Three of
these anomalous couplings correspond to the operators L_0, L_c, and L_n that
have been constrained by the LEP collaborations in WWgamma production. The
anomalous couplings are incorporated in the Monte Carlo generator RACOONWW.
Moreover, for the processes e+e- --> 4f+gamma RACOONWW is improved upon
including leading universal electroweak corrections such as initial-state
radiation. The discussion of numerical results illustrates the size of the
leading corrections as well as the impact of the anomalous quartic couplings
for LEP2 energies and at 500GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149242 </DOCNO>
Fermionic determinant with a linear domain wall in 2+1 dimensions


  We consider a Dirac field in 2+1 Euclidean dimensions, in the presence of a
linear domain wall defect in its mass, and a constant electromagnetic field. We
evaluate the exact fermionic determinant for the situation where the defect is
assumed to be rectilinear, static, and the gauge field is minimally coupled to
the fermions. We discuss the dependence of the result on the (unique)
independent geometrical parameter of this system, namely, the relative
orientation of the wall and the direction of the external field. We apply the
result for the determinant to the evaluation of the vacuum energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169140 </DOCNO>
Implementation of quantum search algorithm using classical Fourier


  We report on an experiment on Grover's quantum search algorithm showing that
{\em classical waves} can search a $N$-item database as efficiently as quantum
mechanics can. The transverse beam profile of a short laser pulse is processed
iteratively as the pulse bounces back and forth between two mirrors. We
directly observe the sought item being found in $\sim\sqrt{N}$ iterations, in
the form of a growing intensity peak on this profile. Although the lack of
quantum entanglement limits the {\em size} of our database, our results show
that entanglement is neither necessary for the algorithm itself, nor for its
efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73978 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Pair Emission from Cooper Pair Breaking and Recombination in


  For the low energy Standard Model neutrino-matter interactions, we calculate
neutrino pair ($\nu\bar\nu$) emissivites in superfluid quark matter. Just below
the critical temperature, Cooper pairs continuously break and recombine,
resulting in the emission of $\nu\bar \nu$ pairs with a rate that greatly
exceeds the standard quark modified Urca and bremsstrahlung rates. At the same
baryon density in baryonic and quark matter, the ratio of baryon to quark
$\nu\bar\nu$ emissivites lies in the range 2-5 for the densities of interest in
the long-term cooling of solar mass compact stars. We also find that in matter
containing hyperons, $\nu\bar\nu$ emission can occur with hyperons of all
species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129462 </DOCNO>
Photometric study of radio galaxies in RATAN--600 "Cold" survey


  About 100 steep spectrum radio sources from the RATAN--600 RC catalog were
mapped by the VLA and identified with optical objects down to 24$^m$--25$^m$ in
the R band using the 6 m telescope. An updated list of calibrators with known
redshifts of the same class RGs was compiled to evaluate the accuracy of
photometric redshifts estimates. BVRI photometry for 60 RC objects was
performed with the 6 m telescope, and by standard model fitting we have
estimated colour redshifts and ages of stellar population of host gE galaxies.
The mean redshift of FRII RGs from the RC list happened to be $\approx$1.
Several objects were found in which active star formation began in the first
billion years after the Big Bang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179060 </DOCNO>
Darwin-Foldy term and proton charge radius


  In this contribution we study the Dirac equation for a finite size proton in
an external electric field with explicit introduction of Dirac-Pauli form
factors. Our aim is twofold. On the one hand, we wish to study whether our
conclusions regarding the exact cancellation between Dirac form factor and
Foldy term contributions occurring for the neutron still hold for the proton.
On the other hand, we wish to clearly illustrate some of the specific features
of the description of a composite particle like the proton with the Dirac
equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123744 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of superhorizon scale inflationary curvature perturbations


  We show that there exists a simple mechanism which can enhance the amplitude
of curvature perturbations on superhorizon scales during inflation, relative to
their amplitude at horizon crossing. The enhancement may occur even in a
single-field inflaton model, and occurs if the quantity $a\dot\phi/H$ becomes
sufficiently small, as compared to its value at horizon crossing, for some time
interval during inflation. We give a criterion for this enhancement in general
single-field inflation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128207 </DOCNO>
The 2001 Superoutburst of WZ Sagittae: A Clue to the Dynamics of


  We examine the light curve of the July-August 2001 superoutburst of WZ
Sagittae. During the decline from maximum light the locally defined decay time
increases from ~4 d/mag to ~12 d/mag over the first ~15 d of the ~25 d
superoutburst, as the system faded from m_V~8.5 to m_V~10. The superoutburst is
caused by the sudden accretion of ~10^{24} g of gas onto the white dwarf, and
the deviation from exponentiality in the decay light curve is expected
qualitatively during a ``viscous decay'' in which the dominant mode of
depletion of the gas stored in the accretion disk is accretion onto the central
object. In other words, as the mass of the accretion disk decreases, the
viscous time scale increases. We show that the data are also quantitatively
consistent with the theoretical viscous decay time, both calculated via a
simple scaling and also from time dependent calculations, when one adopts
standard model parameters for WZ Sge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168406 </DOCNO>
A Continuous Transition Between Quantum and Classical Mechanics (I)


  In spite of its popularity, it has not been possible to vindicate the
conventional wisdom that classical mechanics is a limiting case of quantum
mechanics. The purpose of the present paper is to offer an alternative
formulation of classical mechanics which provides a continuous transition to
quantum mechanics via environment-induced decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123804 </DOCNO>
Hypernova Nucleosynthesis and Implications for Cosmic Chemical Evolution


  We examine the characteristics of nucleosynthesis in 'hypernovae', i.e.,
supernovae with very large explosion energies ($\gsim 10^{52}$ ergs).
Implications for the cosmic chemical evolution and the abundances in M82 are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97184 </DOCNO>
A linear isoperimetric inequality for the punctured Euclidean plane


  It follows from a general theorem of Bonk and Eremenko that closed plane
curves which are contractible in the complement to the integral lattice satisfy
a linear isoperimetric inequality. We give an alternative proof of this fact.
Our approach is based on a non-standard combinatorial isoperimetric inequality
which requires a refinement of the small cancellation theory. We present an
application of the isoperimetric inequality for the punctured plane to
Hamiltonian dynamics. Combining it with methods of symplectic topology we show
that every non-identical Hamiltonian diffeomorphism of the 2-torus has at least
linear asymptotic growth of the differential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40687 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the CP Asymmetry in Like-Sign Dileptons from


  We have measured the charge asymmetry in like-sign dilepton yields from B^0
B^0-bar meson decays using the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage
Ring. We find a_ll = [N(l+l+) - N(l-l-)]/[N(l+l+) + N[l-l-)] = +0.013 +/- 0.050
+/- 0.005 . We combine this result with a previous, independent measurement and
obtain Re(epsilon_B)/(1+|epsilon_B|^2) = +0.0035 +/- 0.0103 +/- 0.0015
(uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively) for the CP
impurity parameter, epsilon_B.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6213 </DOCNO>
Surface Instability of Icicles


  Strange wave patterns can sometimes be seen on surfaces of icicles in winter
season in snowy regions. These waves appear on icicles enveloped by thin-layers
of water flow about 0.1 mm in thickness. Most of these waves are 1 cm in width
(wavelength), and they do not depend on external temperature, thickness of the
icicles, or water flow supply. In this paper we will show that these waves are
realized by the surface instability related to the thermal diffusion and
hydrodynamic effect of thin water flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169135 </DOCNO>
NMR Quantum Information Processing and Entanglement


  In this essay we discuss the issue of quantum information and recent nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. We explain why these experiments should
be regarded as quantum information processing (QIP) despite the fact that, in
present liquid state NMR experiments, no entanglement is found. We comment on
how these experiments contribute to the future of QIP and include a brief
discussion on the origin of the power of quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41191 </DOCNO>
Improved Upper Limits on the FCNC Decays $B\to K\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ and


  We have searched a sample of 9.6 million BBbar events for the flavor-changing
neutral current decays B -> K l^+ l^- and B -> K^*(892) l^+ l^-. We subject the
latter decay to the requirement that the dilepton mass exceed 0.5 GeV. There is
no indication of a signal. We obtain the 90% confidence level upper limits on
the branching fractions Br(B -> K l^+ l^-) < 1.7 \times 10^{-6} and Br(B ->
K^*(892) l^+ l^-) < 3.3 \times 10^{-6}. We also obtain an upper limit on the
weighted average 0.65 Br(B -> K l^+ l^-) + 0.35 Br(B -> K^*(892) l^+ l^-) < 1.5
\times 10^{-6}. The weighted-average limit is only 50% above the Standard Model
prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97351 </DOCNO>
The dual Kaehler cone of compact Kaehler threefolds


  We consider a compact Kaehler manifold whose dual Kaehler cone contains a
rational interior point. The general problem we have in mind is how far the
manifold is from being projective; i.e. we ask for the algebraic dimension. We
prove e.g. that if the interior point is represented by an effective curve in
dimension 3, then the manifold has algebraic dimension at least 2 unless the
variety is a so-called simple non-Kummer 3-fold. We also investigate 3-folds
containing curves with ample normal bundle. It seems likely that examples with
algebraic dimension 2 really exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149714 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Physics


  Regularization of quantum field theories (QFT's) can be achieved by
quantizing the underlying manifold (spacetime or spatial slice) thereby
replacing it by a non-commutative matrix model or a ``fuzzy manifold'' . Such
discretization by quantization is remarkably successful in preserving
symmetries and topological features, and altogether overcoming the
fermion-doubling problem . In this thesis, the fuzzification of coadjoint
orbits and their QFT's are put forward.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98316 </DOCNO>
Calogero-Moser space and Kostka polynomials


  We consider the canonical map from the Calogero-Moser space to symmetric
powers of the affine line, sending conjugacy classes of pairs of n by n
matrices to their eigenvalues. We show that the character of a natural
C^*-action on the scheme-theoretic zero fiber of this map is given by Kostka
polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114033 </DOCNO>
Calculation of $P_ and $T_ odd effects in $"" sup 205_TIF including


  A method and codes for two-step correlation calculation of heavy-atom
molecules have been developed, employing the generalized relativistic effective
core potential and relativistic coupled cluster (RCC) methods at the first
step, followed by nonvariational one-center restoration of proper
four-component spinors in the heavy cores. Electron correlation is included for
the first time in an ab initio calculation of the interaction of the permanent
P,T-odd proton electric dipole moment with the internal electromagnetic field
in a molecule. The calculation is performed for the ground state of TlF at the
experimental equilibrium, R_e=2.0844 A, and at R=2.1 A, with spin-orbit and
correlation effects included by RCC. Calculated results with single cluster
amplitudes only are in good agreement (3% and 1%) with recent
Dirac-Hartree-Fock (DHF) values of the magnetic parameter M; the larger
differences occurring between present and DHF volume parameter (X) values, as
well as between the two DHF calculations, are explained. Inclusion of electron
correlation by GRECP/RCC with single and double excitations has a major effect
on the P,T-odd parameters, decreasing M by 17% and X by 22%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75885 </DOCNO>
Semi-classical transport theory for non-Abelian plasmas


  We review a semi-classical transport theory for non-Abelian plasmas based on
a classical picture of coloured point particles. Within this formalism, kinetic
equations for the mean particle distribution, the mean fields and their
fluctuations are obtained using an ensemble-average in phase space. The
framework permits the integrating-out of fluctuations in a systematic manner.
This leads to the derivation of collision integrals, noise sources and
fluctuation-induced currents for the effective transport equations of QCD.
Consistency with the non-Abelian gauge symmetry is established, and systematic
approximation schemes are worked out. In particular, the approach is applicable
to both in- and out-of-equilibrium plasmas. The formalism is applied explicitly
to a hot and weakly coupled QCD plasma slightly out of equilibrium. The physics
related to Debye screening, Landau damping or colour conductivity is deduced in
a very simple manner. Effective transport equations are computed to first and
second order in moments of the fluctuations. To first order, they reproduce the
seminal hard-thermal-loop effective theory. To second order, the fluctuations
induce collisions amongst the quasi-particles, leading to a Langevin-type
transport equation. A complementary Langevin approach is discussed as well.
Finally, we show how the approach can be applied to dense quark matter systems.
In the normal phase, the corresponding kinetic equations lead to the
hard-dense-loop effective theory. At high density and low temperature diquark
condensates are formed, changing the ground state of QCD. In the
superconducting phase with two massless quark flavours, a transport equation
for coloured excitations is given as well. Possible future applications are
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72896 </DOCNO>
Field theory models for variable cosmological constant


  Anthropic solutions to the cosmological constant problem require seemingly
unnatural scalar field potentials with a very small slope or domain walls
(branes) with a very small coupling to a four-form field. Here we introduce a
class of models in which the smallness of the corresponding parameters can be
attributed to a spontaneously broken discrete symmetry. We also demonstrate the
equivalence of scalar field and four-form models. Finally, we show how our
models can be naturally embedded into a left-right extension of the standard
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95898 </DOCNO>
Charakterizations of the Generators of Positive Semigroups on C*- and


  Generators of positive C_0-semigroups on C^*-algebras and C_0^*-semigroups on
von Neumann algebras are examined. A characterization due to Bratteli and
Robinson in the C_0-case is proven in the C_0^*-case. Under the additional
assumptions of unitality and contractivity of the semigroup another
characterization of the generator is given. This result is restated for the
dual and predual semigroup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84034 </DOCNO>
An Environment for the Exploration of Non Monotonic Logic Programs


  Stable Model Semantics and Well Founded Semantics have been shown to be very
useful in several applications of non-monotonic reasoning. However, Stable
Models presents a high computational complexity, whereas Well Founded Semantics
is easy to compute and provides an approximation of Stable Models. Efficient
engines exist for both semantics of logic programs. This work presents a
computational integration of two of such systems, namely XSB and SMODELS. The
resulting system is called XNMR, and provides an interactive system for the
exploration of both semantics. Aspects such as modularity can be exploited in
order to ease debugging of large knowledge bases with the usual Prolog
debugging techniques and an interactive environment. Besides, the use of a full
Prolog system as a front-end to a Stable Models engine augments the language
usually accepted by such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5004 </DOCNO>
Electro-optical properties of semiconductor quantum dots: Application to


  A detailed analysis of the electro-optical response of single as well as
coupled semiconductor quantum dots is presented. This is based on a realistic
---i.e., fully tridimensional--- description of Coulomb-correlated few-electron
states, obtained via a direct-diagonalization approach. More specifically, we
investigate the combined effect of static electric fields and ultrafast
sequences of multicolor laser pulses in the few-carrier, i.e., low-excitation,
regime. In particular, we show how the presence of a properly tailored static
field may give rise to significant electron-hole charge separation; these
field-induced dipoles, in turn, may introduce relevant exciton-exciton
couplings, which are found to induce significant ---both intra- and
inter-dot--- biexcitonic splittings. We finally show that such few-exciton
systems constitute an ideal semiconductor-based hardware for an all optical
implementation of quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76821 </DOCNO>
QCD radiative corrections to $\gamma^*\gamma^* \to$ hadrons at LEP2


  In this talk we describe the order-$\as$ corrections to the total cross
section and to jet rates in $\gamma^* \gamma^* \to$ hadrons for the process
$\epem\to\epem +$ hadrons. We use a next-to-leading order general-purpose
partonic Monte Carlo event generator that allows the computation of a rate
differential in the produced leptons and hadrons. We compare our results with
the experimental data for $\epem\to\epem +$ hadrons at LEP2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126236 </DOCNO>
The plerion nebula in IC 443: the XMM-Newton view


  \xmm ~observations of the X-ray feature 1SAX J0617.1+2221 in the IC443
supernova remnant are reported.We resolve the structure of the nebula into a
compact core with a hard spectrum of photon index $\gamma=
1.63^{+0.11}_{-0.10}$ in the 2--10 keV energy range. The nebula also has an
extended ($\sim 8\arcmin \times 5\arcmin$) X-ray halo, much larger than the
radio emission extension. The photon index softens, following a linear scaling
with distance from the centroid, similar to other known X-ray plerions. The
index range is compatible with synchrotron burn-off models. All the
observational evidence points toward a confirmation of the plerionic nature of
the nebula, as recently suggested by a \ch observation, but with
characteristics more similar to "non Crab-like" plerions. We discuss the
implications on the synchrotron nebula magnetic field if the $>100$ MeV
emission reported by {\it CGRO EGRET} is produced by the synchrotron emission.
We also constrain the thermal emission of the central object, arguing that the
surface temperature should be around 0.1 keV, although other possible fits
cannot be excluded on the base of the \xmm data

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129655 </DOCNO>
ISO's view of SS433 Jet Interactions with the Interstellar Medium


  SS433 is a jet emitting X-ray binary surrounded by the W50 radio nebula. The
SS433/W50 system is an excellent laboratory for studying relativistic jet
interaction with the surrounding interstellar medium. In this context, part of
the W50 nebula has been mapped with ISOCAM at 15 micron. I will show the
results particularly on the W50 west lobe, and on 2 emitting zones detected
with IRAS who have also been observed in millimetre wavelength (CO(1-0)
transition), and for one of them by spectroscopy with ISOLWS and ISOSWS between
2 and 200 micron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74231 </DOCNO>
Hierarchies from Fluxes in String Compactifications


  Warped compactifications with significant warping provide one of the few
known mechanisms for naturally generating large hierarchies of physical scales.
We demonstrate that this mechanism is realizable in string theory, and give
examples involving orientifold compactifications of IIB string theory and
F-theory compactifications on Calabi-Yau four-folds. In each case, the
hierarchy of scales is fixed by a choice of RR and NS fluxes in the compact
manifold. Our solutions involve compactifications of the Klebanov-Strassler
gravity dual to a confining N=1 supersymmetric gauge theory,and the hierarchy
reflects the small scale of chiral symmetry breaking in the dual gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 791 </DOCNO>
Diffusive growth of polydisperse hard-sphere crystals


  Unlike atoms, colloidal particles are not identical, but can only be
synthesised within a finite size tolerance. Colloids are therefore
polydisperse, i.e. mixtures of infinitely many components with sizes drawn from
a continuous distribution. We model the crystallisation of hard-sphere colloids
(with/without attractions) from an initially amorphous phase. Though the
polydisperse hard-sphere phase diagram has been widely studied, it is not
straightforwardly applicable to real colloidal crystals, since they are
inevitably out of equilibrium. The process by which colloidal crystals form
determines the size distribution of the particles that comprise them. Once
frozen into the crystal lattice, the particles are caged so that the
composition cannot subsequently relax to the equilibrium optimum. We predict
that the mean size of colloidal particles incorporated into a crystal is
smaller than anticipated by equilibrium calculations. This is because small
particles diffuse fastest and therefore arrive at the crystal in
disproportionate abundance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2285 </DOCNO>
Dynamics and transformations of Josephson vortex lattice in layered


  We consider dynamics of Josephson vortex lattice in layered superconductors
with magnetic, charge (electrostatic) and charge-imbalance (quasiparticle)
interactions between interlayer Josephson junctions taken into account. The
macroscopic dynamical equations for interlayer Josephson phase differences,
intralayer charge and electron-hole imbalance are obtained and used for
numerical simulations. Different transformations of the vortex lattice
structure are observed. It is shown that the additional dissipation due to the
charge imbalance relaxation leads to the stability of triangular lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76506 </DOCNO>
Soft interactions (presented at ISMD31)


  A brief introduction to the theory and phenomenology of soft interactions is
given, focusing on total and elastic cross sections and multiparticle
production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2538 </DOCNO>
On molecular and continuum boundary conditions for a miscible binary


  We show that molecular dynamics simulations can furnish useful boundary
conditions at a solid surface bounding a two-component fluid. In contrast to
some previous reports, convective-diffusive flow is consistent with continuum
equations down to atomic scales. However, concentration gradients can produce
flow without viscous dissipation that is inconsistent with the commonly used
Navier slip condition. Also, differential wetting of the two components coupled
to a concentration gradient can drive convective flows that could be used to
make nano-pumps or motors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149469 </DOCNO>
D-Branes on a gauged WZW model


  The algebraic classification of Cardy for boundary states on a $G/H$ coset
CFT of a compact group G, is geometrically realized on the corresponding
manifold resulting from gauging the WZW model. The branes consist of H orbits
of quantized G conjugacy classes shifted by quantized H conjugacy classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127589 </DOCNO>
Magnetic fields in cluster cores: Faraday rotation in A400 and A2634


  We present Faraday rotation data for radio sources in the centers of the
Abell clusters A400 and A2634. These clusters contain large (> 100 kpc), tailed
radio sources, each attached to the central cD galaxy. These clusters do not
have strong cooling cores. Our data extend previous work on rotation measure in
cluster centers to larger scales and non-cooling clusters. The rotation
measure, and thus the magnetic field, is ordered on scales 10-20 kpc in both
clusters. The geometry of the rotation measure appears to be determined by the
distribution of the X-ray emitting gas, rather than by the radio tails
themselves. We combine our data with previously published X-ray and radio data
in order to analyze the magnetic fields in all 12 clusters whose central radio
sources have been imaged in rotation measure. We find that the fields are
dynamically significant in most clusters. We argue that the Faraday data
measure fields in the intracluster medium, rather than in a skin of the radio
source. Finally, we consider the nature and maintenance of the magnetic fields
in these clusters, and conclude that either the cluster-wide field exists at
similar levels, or that a weaker cluster-wide field is amplified by effects in
the core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85700 </DOCNO>
Chiral models in dilaton-Maxwell gravity


  We study symmetry properties of the Einstein-Maxwell theory nonminimaly
coupled to the dilaton field. We consider a static case with pure electric
(magnetic) Maxwell field and show that the resulting system becomes a nonlinear
sigma-model wich possesses a chiral representation. We construct the
corresponding chiral matrix and establish a representation which is related to
the pair of Ernst-like potentials. These potentials are used for separation of
the symmetry group into the gauge and nongauge (charging) sectors. New
variables, which linearize the action of charging symmetries, are also
established; a solution generation technique based on the use of charging
symmetries is formulated. This technique is used for generation of the
elecricaly (magneticaly) charged dilatonic fields from the static General
Relativity ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127872 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Studies of PSR J1420-6048, a Young Pulsar in the


  We present X-ray, radio, and infrared observations of the 68 ms pulsar PSR
J1420-6048 and its surrounding nebula, a possible counterpart of the gamma-ray
source GeV J1417-6100/3EG J1420-6038. Pulsed X-ray emission at the radio period
is marginally detected by ASCA from a source embedded in the hard spectrum
X-ray nebula AX J1420.1-6049. At radio wavelengths, the pulsar is found to be
strongly linearly and circularly polarized, and the polarization sweep is
measured. A comparison of high resolution ATCA radio imaging of the
Kookaburra's upper wing (G313.6+0.3), which contains the pulsar and the X-ray
nebula, with infrared images suggests the radio emission is partly non-thermal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169244 </DOCNO>
The (2+1) Dirac Equations with $\delta$ Potential


  In this Letter the bound states of (2+1) Dirac equation with the
cylindrically symmetric $\delta (r-r_{0})$-potential are discussed. It is
surprisingly found that the relation between the radial functions at two sides
of $r_{0}$ can be established by an SO(2) transformation. We obtain a
transcendental equation for calculating the energy of the bound state from the
matching condition in the configuration space. The condition for existence of
bound states is determined by the Sturm-Liouville theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148569 </DOCNO>
Confining strings and RG flow in the (2+1)-dimensional Georgi-Glashow


  Confining strings and RG flow at finite temperature are investigated in the
(2+1)-dimensional Georgi-Glashow model. This is done in the limit when the
electric coupling constant is much larger than the square root of mass of the
Higgs field, but much smaller than the vacuum expectation value of this field.
The modification of the Debye mass of the dual photon with respect to the case
when it is considered to be negligibly small compared to the Higgs mass, is
found. Analogous modifications of the potential of monopole densities and
string coupling constants are found. At finite temperature, the mass of the
Higgs field scales according to a novel RG equation. It is checked that in the
limit when the original theory is reduced by the RG flow to the 2D XY model,
the so-evolved Higgs mass is still much smaller than the squared electric
coupling constant. The SU(3)-theory of confining strings is also discussed
within the same approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3114 </DOCNO>
Anderson Orthogonality Catastrophe in Disordered Systems


  We study the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe (AOC) in finite conductors
with diffusive disorder. The disorder averaged logarithm of $\chi$, the overlap
between the ground states before and after adding a static impurity, is found
to depend nonmonotonically on the disorder. In two dimensions $<\ln\chi^{-1}>
\propto \ln^2 N$ in the weak disorder limit, thus showing a stronger dependence
on the number of electrons $N$ than in the canonical AOC. A very broad tail of
the distribution of $\chi$, found numerically, is a signature of the importance
of a few-level statistics at the Fermi energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95845 </DOCNO>
Groups of homeomorphisms of one-manifolds, III: Nilpotent subgroups


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors; it will be incorporated into
part I of the series (in preparation).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5736 </DOCNO>
The metallic resistance of a dilute two-dimensional hole gas in a GaAs


  We have studied the magnetotransport properties of a high mobility
two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) system in a 10nm GaAs quantum well (QW) with
densities in range of 0.7-1.6*10^10 cm^-2 on the metallic side of the
zero-field 'metal-insulator transition' (MIT). In a parallel field well above
B_c that suppresses the metallic conductivity, the 2DHG exhibits a conductivity
g(T)~0.3(e^2/h)lnT reminiscent of weak localization. The experiments are
consistent with the coexistence of two phases in our system: a metallic phase
and a weakly insulating Fermi liquid phase having a percolation threshold close
to B_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168133 </DOCNO>
A "Tipping Pulse" Scheme for rf-SQUID Qubits


  We introduce a technique to control the macroscopic quantum state of an rf
SQUID qubit. We propose to employ a stream of single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses
magnetically coupled to the qubit junction to momentarily suppresses its
critical current. This effectively lowers the barrier in the double-well
rf-SQUID potential thereby increasing the tunneling oscillation frequency
between the wells. By carefully choosing the time interval between SFQ pulses
one may accelerate the interwell tunneling rate. Thus it is possible to place
the qubit into a chosen superposition of flux states and then effectively to
freeze the qubit state. We present both numerical simulations and analytical
time-dependent perturbation theory calculations that demonstrate the technique.
Using this strategy one may control the quantum state of the rf-SQUID in a way
analogous to the \pi pulses in other qubit schemes. Research supported in part
by ARO grant # DAAG55-98-1-0367.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86555 </DOCNO>
Initial data for stationary space-times near space-like infinity


  We study Cauchy initial data for asymptotically flat, stationary vacuum
space-times near space-like infinity. The fall-off behavior of the intrinsic
metric and the extrinsic curvature is characterized. We prove that they have an
analytic expansion in powers of a radial coordinate. The coefficients of the
expansion are analytic functions of the angles. This result allow us to fill a
gap in the proof found in the literature of the statement that all
asymptotically flat, vacuum stationary space-times admit an analytic
compactification at null infinity. Stationary initial data are physical
important and highly non-trivial examples of a large class of data with similar
regularity properties at space-like infinity, namely, initial data for which
the metric and the extrinsic curvature have asymptotic expansion in terms of
powers of a radial coordinate. We isolate the property of the stationary data
which is responsible for this kind of expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113416 </DOCNO>
A New Analysis of Gravitation and the Planck Length


  The mass equivalency [m*c^2 = h*f] applies to gravitational mass just as to
inertial mass. From that, the gravitational mass has a corresponding,
associated, equivalent frequency, f. Using that frequency a new result is
obtained in which the significance of the Planck Length is clarified. The
Planck Length is fundamental to gravitation and in effect supercedes G in that
role because it is found that there is operational or mechanical significance
to the role of the Planck Length in gravitation whereas G is simply a constant
of proportionality. It further is shown that the Planck Length [and, likely the
Planck mass and the Planck time] are slightly mis-defined by the use of h-bar
[h/2pi] rather than simply Planck's constant, h. In addition, the applicability
of using the frequency aspect of mass in the analysis of gravitation, and the
nature of the results obtained, would appear to imply a considerably greater
significance for the frequency aspect of mass, matter, and particles in general
than has been heretofore recognized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129017 </DOCNO>
The power spectrum of galaxies in the 2dF 100k redshift survey


  We compute the real-space power spectrum and the redshift-space distortions
of galaxies in the 2dF 100k galaxy redshift survey using pseudo-Karhunen-Loeve
eigenmodes and the stochastic bias formalism. Our results agree well with those
published by the 2dFGRS team, and have the added advantage of producing
easy-to-interpret uncorrelated minimum-variance measurements of the
galaxy-galaxy, galaxy-velocity and velocity-velocity power spectra in 27
k-bands, with narrow and well-behaved window functions in the range 0.01 h/Mpc
< k < 8 h/Mpc. We find no significant detection of baryonic wiggles, although
our results are consistent with a standard ``concordance'' model and previous
tantalizing hints of baryonic oscillations. We measure the galaxy-matter
correlation coefficient r > 0.4 and the redshift-distortion parameter beta=0.49
+/- 0.16 for r=1 (beta=0.47 +/- 0.16 without finger-of-god compression). A
battery of systematic error tests indicate that the survey is not only
impressive in size, but also unusually clean. Our measurements and window
functions are available at http://www.hep.upenn.edu/~max/2df.html together with
the survey mask, radial selection function and uniform subsample of the survey
that we have constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97216 </DOCNO>
Torsors under finite and flat group schemes of rank p with Galois action


  In this note we study the geometry of torsors under flat and finite
commutative group schemes of rank p above curves in characteristic p and above
relative curves over a complete discrete valuation ring of inequal
characteristics. In bothe cases we study the Galois action of the Galois group
of the base field on these torsors. We also study degeneration of
$\mu_p$-torsors from characteristic 0 to characteristic p and show that this
degeneration is compatible with the Galois action. We then discuss the lifting
of torsors under flat and commutative group schemes of rank p from positive to
0 characteristics. finally, for a proper and smooth curve X over a complete
discrete valuation field of inequal characteristics we show the existence of a
canonical Galois equivariant filtration on the first etale cohomology group of
the geometric fibre of X with values in $\mu_p$. This apaper is the first of a
series of papers [Sa] and [Sa-1] where we compute the vanishing cycles arising
from degeneration of $\mu_p$-torsors above curves as well as the semi-stable
reduction of these torsors and the Galois action on them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123826 </DOCNO>
Dynamos in Asymptotic-Giant-Branch Stars As the Origin of Magnetic


  Planetary nebulae are thought to be formed when a slow wind from the
progenitor giant star is overtaken by a subsequent fast wind generated as the
star enters its white dwarf stage$^{1}$. A shock forms near the boundary
between the winds, which creates a relatively dense shell that provides the
characteristic appearance of a planetary nebula. A spherically symmetric wind
will produce a spherically symmetric shell, yet over half of known planetary
nebulae are not spherical; rather, they are elliptical or bipolar in
shape$^{2}$. While a magnetic field could launch and collimate a bipolar
outflow, the origin of such a field has hitherto been unclear, as previous work
suggested that a field could not be generated${^3}$. Here we show that an
asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) star can indeed generate a strong magnetic field,
in a dynamo at the interface between a rapidly rotating core and the more
slowly rotating envelope of the star. The field is strong enough to shape the
bipolar outflows that produce the observed bipolar planetary nebulae. Magnetic
braking of the stellar core during this process may also explain the
puzzlingly$^{4}$ slow rotation of most white dwarf stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96081 </DOCNO>
Characteristic polynomials of real symmetric random matrices


  It is shown that the correlation functions of the random variables
$\det(\lambda - X)$, in which $X$ is a real symmetric $ N\times N$ random
matrix, exhibit universal local statistics in the large $N$ limit. The
derivation relies on an exact dual representation of the problem: the $k$-point
functions are expressed in terms of finite integrals over (quaternionic)
$k\times k$ matrices. However the control of the Dyson limit, in which the
distance of the various parameters $\la$'s is of the order of the mean spacing,
requires an integration over the symplectic group. It is shown that a
generalization of the Itzykson-Zuber method holds for this problem, but
contrary to the unitary case, the semi-classical result requires a {\it finite}
number of corrections to be exact.
  We have also considered the problem of an external matrix source coupled to
the random matrix, and obtain explicit integral formulae, which are useful for
the analysis of the large $N$ limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72726 </DOCNO>
Bell inequalities for entangled kaons and their unitary time evolution


  We investigate Bell inequalities for neutral kaon systems from Phi resonance
decay to test local realism versus quantum mechanics. We emphasize the unitary
time evolution of the states, that means we also include all decay product
states, in contrast to other authors. Only this guarantees the use of the
complete Hilbert space. We develop a general formalism for Bell inequalities
including both arbitrary "quasi spin" states and different times; finally we
analyze Wigner-type inequalities. They contain an additional term, a correction
function h, as compared to the spin 1/2 or photon case, which changes
considerably the possibility of quantum mechanics to violate the Bell
inequality. Examples for special "quasi spin" states are given, especially
those which are sensitive to the CP parameters epsilon and epsilon'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3035 </DOCNO>
Role of the E2g phonon in the superconductivity of MgB2: a Raman


  Temperature dependent Raman scattering studies in polycrystalline
MgB2(10<T<300 K)reveal that the E2g phonon does not experience any self energy
renormalization effect across the superconducting critical temperature Tc ~ 40
K. In contrast, most of the current theoretical models rely on the role of the
E2g phonon in the electron-phonon coupling mechanism of superconductivity in
MgB2. According to these models, a hardening of 12% is expected below Tc at the
Gamma point of the Brillouim zone. In the presence of our results, those models
must be reviewed. The analysis of the temperature dependence of the E2g phonon
frequency yields to a isobaric Gruneisen parameter of -1.2< gama(E2g)< 0.2,
smaller than the value of 3.9 obtained from isothermal Raman experiments under
pressure. It is suggested that this apparent disagreement can be explained in
terms of pressure induced changes of the topology of the Fermi surface. Finally
we notice that the phonon linewidth presents the expected two-phonon anharmonic
decay as a function of T and no anomalous temperature dependence of the
linewidth is observed near Tc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179288 </DOCNO>
Detailed analysis of eta production in proton-proton collisions


  The check whether the presently available multiresonance coupled channel
analyses can explain the more complex processes is made. The process chosen is
a well measured proces of eta production in proton proton collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3142 </DOCNO>
Field-Induced gap due to four-spin exchange in a spin ladder


  The effect of the four-spin cyclic exchange interaction at each plaquette in
the $S=1/2$ two-leg spin ladder is investigated at T=0, especially focusing on
the field-induced gap. The strong rung coupling approximation suggests that it
yields a plateau at half of the saturation moment ($m=1/2$) in the
magnetization curve, which corresponds to a field-induced spin gap with a
spontaneous breaking of the translational symmetry. A precise phase diagram at
$m=1/2$ is also presented based on the level spectroscopy analysis of the
numerical data obtained by Lanczos method. The boundary between the gapless and
plateau phases is confirmed to be of the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) universality
class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98447 </DOCNO>
Computing Cocycles on Simplicial Complexes


  In this note, working in the context of simplicial sets, we give a detailed
study of the complexity for computing chain level Steenrod squares, in terms of
the number of face operators required. This analysis is based on the
combinatorial formulation given in [R. Gonzalez-Diaz, P. Real. A Combinatorial
Method for Computing Steenrod Squares. J. of Pure and Applied Algebra, 139
(1999) 89-108]. As an application, we give here an algorithm for computing
cup-$i$ products over integers on a simplicial complex at chain level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149191 </DOCNO>
Teleparallel Superspace in Eleven Dimensions Coupled to Supermembranes


  We present a superspace formulation of N=1 eleven-dimensional supergravity
with no manifest local Lorentz covariance, which we call teleparallel
superspace. This formulation will be of great importance, when we deal with
other supergravity theories in dimensions higher than eleven dimensions, or a
possible formulation of noncommutative supergravity. As an illustrative
example, we apply our teleparallel superspace formulation to the case of N=1
supergravity in twelve-dimensions. We also show the advantage of teleparallel
superspace as backgrounds for supermembrane action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114434 </DOCNO>
Data Acquisition System with Shared Memory Network


  The SPring-8 control system provides data acquisition software called
Poller/Collector for periodic data taking. Its polling scheme does not support
taking data synchronized with an event, and simultaneity in the data from the
different VME systems is not guaranteed. Recently, requirement for fast and
event-driven data acquisition has increased, and the synchronization of a set
of data from the different VME systems is requested. We added new data-taking
software to the standard framework with a shared memory network. We designed
the software on the VME by updating the original framework that was already
used for feedback control. The data filling process on a PC stores sets of the
synchronized data on a shared memory board to the database. The shared memory
boards provide 250Mbit/s transmission rate and are linked with optical fiber
cables. We will install the system to the linac beam position monitors data
acquisition as the first application.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168721 </DOCNO>
Quantum limits of cold damping with optomechanical coupling


  Thermal noise of a mirror can be reduced by cold damping. The displacement is
measured with a high-finesse cavity and controlled with the radiation pressure
of a modulated light beam. We establish the general quantum limits of noise in
cold damping mechanisms and we show that the optomechanical system allows to
reach these limits. Displacement noise can be arbitrarily reduced in a narrow
frequency band. In a wide-band analysis we show that thermal fluctuations are
reduced as with classical damping whereas quantum zero-point fluctuations are
left unchanged. The only limit of cold damping is then due to zero-point energy
of the mirror

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123843 </DOCNO>
Mass-loss predictions for O and B stars as a function of metallicity


  We have calculated a grid of massive star wind models and mass-loss rates for
a wide range of metal abundances between 1/100 and 10 Z/Zsun.
  The calculation of this grid completes the Vink et al. (2000) mass-loss
recipe with an additional parameter Z. We have found that the exponent of the
power law dependence of mass loss vs. metallicity is constant in the range
between 1/30 and 3 Z/Zsun. The mass-loss rate scales as Mdot \propto Z^0.85
Vinf^p with p = -1.23 for stars with Teff \ga 25000 K, and p = -1.60 for the B
supergiants with Teff \la 25000 K. Taking also into account the metallicity
dependence of Vinf, using the power law dependence Vinf \propto Z^0.13 from
Leitherer et al. (1992), the overall result of mass loss as a function of
metallicity can be represented by Mdot \propto Z^0.69 for stars with Teff \ga
25000 K, and Mdot \propto Z^0.64 for B supergiants with Teff \la 25000 K.
  Our mass-loss predictions are successful in explaining the observed mass-loss
rates for Galactic and Small Magellanic Cloud O-type stars, as well as in
predicting the observed Galactic bi-stability jump. Hence, we believe that our
predictions are reliable and suggest that our mass-loss recipe be used in
future evolutionary calculations of massive stars at different metal abundance.
A computer routine to calculate mass loss is publicly available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86233 </DOCNO>
Doppler-Induced Dynamics of Fields in Fabry-Perot Cavities with


  The Doppler effect in Fabry-Perot cavities with suspended mirrors is
analyzed. Intrinsically small, the Doppler shift accumulates in the cavity and
becomes comparable to or greater than the line-width of the cavity if its
finesse is high or its length is large. As a result, damped oscillations of the
cavity field occur when one of the mirrors passes a resonance position. A
formula for this transient is derived. It is shown that the frequency of the
oscillations is equal to the accumulated Doppler shift and the relaxation time
of the oscillations is equal to the storage time of the cavity. Comparison of
the predicted and the measured Doppler shift is discussed, and application of
the analytical solution for measurement of the mirror velocity is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149156 </DOCNO>
BRST-BFV, Dirac and Projection Operator Quantizations: Correspondence of


  The correspondence between BRST-BFV, Dirac and projection operator approaches
to quantize constrained systems is analyzed. It is shown that the component of
the BFV wave function with maximal number of ghosts and antighosts in the
Schrodinger representation may be viewed as a wave function in the projection
operator approach. It is shown by using the relationship between different
quantization techniques that the Marnelius inner product for BRST-BFV systems
should be in general modified in order to take into account the topology of the
group; the Giulini-Marolf group averaging prescription for the inner product is
obtained from the BRST-BFV method. The relationship between observables in
different approaches is also found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123604 </DOCNO>
Three Dimensional Structure of the Milky Way Disk


  We present a three dimensional model for the Milky Way fit to the
far-infrared (FIR) and near-infrared (NIR) data from the COBE/DIRBE instrument
for Galactic latitudes |b| < 30 degrees and to within 20 degrees of the
Galactic center. Because of the low optical depth at 240 microns, the FIR
emission traces the distribution of galactic dust in the Galaxy. We model the
dust distribution as due to three components: a warped exponential disk with
scale length 0.28 R_sun and a flaring scale height, a spiral arm component with
four arms as traced by Galactic HII regions, and the local (Orion) arm which
produces prominent emission features at galactic longitude l approx. 80 and
-100 degrees. A Cosmic Infrared Background of 1.07 MJy/sr is recovered,
consistent with previous determinations. The dust distribution is then used to
calculate absorption in J and K, and the stellar emission in these wavebands is
modeled with two components: a warped exponential disk with a scale length of
0.28 R_sun and a spiral arm component dominated by two arms. This small scale
length is consistent with a maximal disk model for our Galaxy, which is
inconsistent with the cuspy dark matter halos predicted in CDM models. We find
different amplitudes for the warp in the stars and dust, which starts within
the Solar Circle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86047 </DOCNO>
Immirzi parameter in the Barrett-Crane model?


  We study the generalised constrained BF theory described in gr-qc/0102073 in
order to introduce the Immirzi parameter in spin foam models. We show that the
resulting spin foam model is still based on simple representations and that the
generalised BF action is simply a deformation of the Barrett-Crane model. The
Immirzi parameter doesn't change the representations used in the spin foam
model, so it doesn't affect the geometry of the model. However we show how it
may still appear as a factor in the area spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85976 </DOCNO>
A detector of small harmonic displacements based on two coupled


  The design and test of a detector of small harmonic displacements is
presented. The detector is based on the principle of the parametric conversion
of power between the resonant modes of two superconducting coupled microwave
cavities. The work is based on the original ideas of Bernard, Pegoraro, Picasso
and Radicati, who, in 1978, suggested that superconducting coupled cavities
could be used as sensitive detectors of gravitational waves, and on the work of
Reece, Reiner and Melissinos, who, {in 1984}, built a detector of this kind.
They showed that an harmonic modulation of the cavity length l produced an
energy transfer between two modes of the cavity, provided that the frequency of
the modulation was equal to the frequency difference of the two modes. They
achieved a sensitivity to fractional deformations of dl/l~10^{-17} Hz^{-1/2}.
We repeated the Reece, Reiner and Melissinos experiment, and with an improved
experimental configuration and better cavity quality, increased the sensitivity
to dl/l~10^{-20} Hz^{-1/2}. In this paper the basic principles of the device
are discussed and the experimental technique is explained in detail. Possible
future developments, aiming at gravitational waves detection, are also
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129241 </DOCNO>
Radial Velocities for 889 Late-type Stars


  We report radial velocities for 844 FGKM-type main sequence and subgiant
stars and 45 K giants, most of which had either low-precision velocity
measurements or none at all. These velocities differ from the standard stars of
Udry et al. by 0.035 km/s (RMS) for the 26 FGK standard stars in common. The
zero-point of our velocities differs from that of Udry et al.: (V_present -
V_Udry) = +0.053 km/s. Thus these new velocities agree with the best known
standard stars both in precision and zero-point, to well within 0.1 km/s.
  Nonetheless, both these velocities and the standards suffer from three
sources of systematic error, namely, convective blueshift, gravitational
redshift, and spectral type mismatch of the reference spectrum. These
systematic errors are here forced to be zero for G2V stars by using the Sun as
reference, with Vesta and day sky as proxies. But for spectral types departing
from solar, the systematic errors reach 0.3 km/s in the F and K stars and 0.4
km/s in M dwarfs.
  Multiple spectra were obtained for all 889 stars during four years, and 782
of them exhibit velocity scatter less than 0.1 km/s. These stars may serve as
radial velocity standards if they remain constant in velocity. We found 11 new
spectroscopic binaries and report orbital parameters for them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124912 </DOCNO>
PMN J1632-0033: A new gravitationally lensed quasar


  We report the discovery of a gravitationally lensed quasar resulting from our
survey for lenses in the southern sky. Radio images of PMN J1632-0033 with the
VLA and ATCA exhibit two compact, flat-spectrum components with separation
1.47" and flux density ratio 13.2. Images with the HST reveal the optical
counterparts to the radio components and also the lens galaxy. An optical
spectrum of the bright component, obtained with the first Magellan telescope,
reveals quasar emission lines at redshift 3.42. Deeper radio images with MERLIN
and the VLBA reveal a faint third radio component located near the center of
the lens galaxy, which is either a third image of the background quasar or
faint emission from the lens galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123734 </DOCNO>
HEXTE Studies of Sco X-1 Spectra: Detections of Hard X-Ray Tails Beyond


  Using the HEXTE experiment on-board the RXTE satellite, we performed a search
for hard X-ray tails in Sco X-1 spectra. We found strong evidence for the
presence of such a non-thermal component on several occasions. Using the
PCA/RXTE we were able to track the position of the source along the Z diagram,
and we observed that the presence of the hard X-ray tail is not confined to a
particular region. However, we found a correlation between the power law index
of the non-thermal component and the position of the source in the Z diagram,
suggesting that the hard X-ray spectrum (i.e., E > 50 keV) becomes flatter as
the mass accretion rate increases. We were also able to study the temporal
variation of the appearance/absence of the hard X-ray component. With our
derived luminosities, we were also able to test the idea that X-ray
luminosities can be used to distinguish between X-ray binary systems containing
neutron stars and black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95784 </DOCNO>
An Accurate Lubrication Model of Contaminated Coating Flows


  The levelling of short-wave irregularities on a thin film of fluid is
primarily due to the action of surface tension. Surface tension gradients are
often created by a number of different factor including evaporation, thermal
gradients or deposition of surfactants. Lubrication theory, which ignores
inertia terms in favour of viscous terms, produces a system of two nonlinear
pde's for the unsteady flow of a thin viscous Newtonian fluid
containing an insoluble surfactant. A complex model, which systematically
includes all relevant effects to these pde's, is developed using
centre manifold techniques. The benefits of using these techniques to develop
accurate models are in their application. Subtle variations in parameters or
assumptions are able to be catered for by including or deleting the relevant
terms rather than having to redevelop these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4895 </DOCNO>
Theory of Current Noise and Photon Noise in Quantum Cascade Lasers


  A comprehensive model for the photon number fluctuations and the current
noise in quantum cascade lasers is presented. It is shown that the photon
intensity noise in quantum cascade lasers exhibits little amplitude squeezing
even when noise in the drive current is suppressed below the shot noise value.
This is in contrast to interband semiconductor diode lasers in which the laser
intensity noise can be squeezed well below the shot noise limit by high
impedance suppression of fluctuations in the drive current. The theoretical
model presented in this paper self-consistently accounts for the suppression of
current noise in electron transport in multiple quantum well structures due to
various electronic correlations. The nature of these electronic correlations is
discussed. Mechanisms responsible for the reduced photon number squeezing in
intersubband lasers are elucidated. Scaling of the laser intensity noise and
the current noise with the number of cascaded gain stages is also described.
Direct current modulation response of quantum cascade lasers is also studied,
and it is shown that contrary to the predictions in the literature of terahertz
modulation bandwidth for these lasers, bandwidth of almost all quantum cascade
lasers that have been reported in the literature is limited by the inverse
photon lifetime inside the laser cavity to tens of gigahertz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1975 </DOCNO>
Sine-Gordon theory for the equation of state of classical hard-core


  We perform a high-temperature expansion of the grand potential of the
restrictive primitive model of electrolytes in the frame of the extended
sine-Gordon theory exposed in the companion paper. We recover a result already
obtained by Stell an Lebowitz (J. Chem. Phys., 49, 3706 (1968)) by means of
diagrammatic expansions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41626 </DOCNO>
Polarized light-antiquark distributions in a meson-cloud model


  Flavor asymmetry is investigated in polarized light-antiquark distributions
by a meson-cloud model. In particular, rho meson contributions to Delta u-bar -
Delta d-bar are calculated. We point out that the g_2 part of rho contributes
to the structure function g_1 of the proton in addition to the ordinary
longitudinally polarized distributions in rho. This kind of contribution
becomes important at medium x (>0.2) with small Q^2 (~1 GeV^2). Including
N->rho N and N->rho Delta splitting processes, we obtain the polarized rho
effects on the light-antiquark flavor asymmetry in the proton. The results show
Delta d-bar excess over Delta u-bar, which is very different from some
theoretical predictions. Our model could be tested by experiments in the near
future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6483 </DOCNO>
High Pressure Thermoelasticity of Body-centered Cubic Tantalum


  We have investigated the thermoelasticity of body-centered cubic (bcc)
tantalum from first principles by using the linearized augmented plane wave
(LAPW) and mixed--basis pseudopotential methods for pressures up to 400 GPa and
temperatures up to 10000 K. Electronic excitation contributions to the free
energy were included from the band structures, and phonon contributions were
included using the particle-in-a-cell (PIC) model. The computed elastic
constants agree well with available ultrasonic and diamond anvil cell data at
low pressures, and shock data at high pressures. The shear modulus $c_{44}$ and
the anisotropy change behavior with increasing pressure around 150 GPa because
of an electronic topological transition. We find that the main contribution of
temperature to the elastic constants is from the thermal expansivity. The PIC
model in conjunction with fast self-consistent techniques is shown to be a
tractable approach to studying thermoelasticity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3071 </DOCNO>
Linear scaling relaxation of the atomic positions in nano structures


  We present a method to determine the equilibrium geometry of large atomistic
systems with linear scaling. It is based on a separate treatment of long and
short wavelength components of the forces. While the rapidly varying part is
handled by conventional methods, the treatment of the slowly varying part is
based on elasticity theory. As illustrated by numerical examples containing up
to a million atoms this method allows an efficient relaxation of large
nanostructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129346 </DOCNO>
Dark matter distribution in dwarf spheroidal galaxies


  We study the distribution of dark matter in dwarf spheroidal galaxies by
modelling the moments of their line-of-sight velocity distributions. We discuss
different dark matter density profiles, both cuspy and possessing flat density
cores. The predictions are made in the framework of standard dynamical theory
of two-component (stars and dark matter) spherical systems with different
velocity distributions. We compare the predicted velocity dispersion profiles
to observations in the case of Fornax and Draco dwarfs. For isotropic models
the dark haloes with cores are found to fit the data better than those with
cusps. Anisotropic models are studied by fitting two parameters, dark mass and
velocity anisotropy, to the data. In this case all profiles yield good fits but
the steeper the cusp of the profile, the more tangential is the velocity
distribution required to fit the data. To resolve this well-known degeneracy of
density profile versus velocity anisotropy we obtain predictions for the
kurtosis of the line-of-sight velocity distribution for models found to provide
best fits to the velocity dispersion profiles. It turns out that profiles with
cores typically yield higher values of kurtosis which decrease more steeply
with distance than the cuspy profiles, which will allow to discriminate between
the profiles once the kurtosis measurements become available. We also show that
with present quality of the data the alternative explanation of velocity
dispersions in terms of Modified Newtonian Dynamics cannot yet be ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124482 </DOCNO>
Weak Lensing Measurements of 42 SDSS/RASS Galaxy Clusters


  We present a lensing study of 42 galaxy clusters imaged in Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS) commissioning data. Cluster candidates are selected optically
from SDSS imaging data and confirmed for this study by matching to X-ray
sources found independently in the ROSAT all sky survey (RASS). Five color SDSS
photometry is used to make accurate photometric redshift estimates that are
used to rescale and combine the lensing measurements. The mean shear from these
clusters is detected to 2 h-1 Mpc at the 7-sigma level, corresponding to a mass
within that radius of 4.2 +/- 0.6 x 10^14 h-1 M_sun. The shear profile is well
fit by a power law with index -0.9 +/- 0.3, consistent with that of an
isothermal density profile. This paper demonstrates our ability to measure
ensemble cluster masses from SDSS imaging data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5008 </DOCNO>
Structural compliance, misfit strain and stripe nanostructures in


  Structural compliance is the ability of a crystal structure to accommodate
variations in local atomic bond-lengths without incurring large strain
energies. We show that the structural compliance of cuprates is relatively
small, so that short, highly doped, Cu-O-Cu bonds in stripes are subject to a
tensile misfit strain. We develop a model to describe the effect of misfit
strain on charge ordering in the copper oxygen planes of oxide materials and
illustrate some of the low energy stripe nanostructures that can result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96162 </DOCNO>
Equivariant principal bundles over spheres and cohomogeneity one


  We classify SO(n)-equivariant principal bundles over $S^n$ in terms of their
isotropy representations over the north and south poles. This is an example of
a general result classifying equivariant $(\Pi, G)$-bundles over cohomogeneity
one manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125297 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Absorption Associated with High-Velocity UV Absorbers


  We present Chandra observations of two radio-quiet QSOs, PG 2302+029 and PG
1254+047. PG 2302+029 has an ultra high-velocity UV absorption system -56,000
km/s, while PG 1254+047 is a Broad Absorption Line (BAL) QSO with detached
troughs. Both objects are X-ray weak, consistent with the known correlation
between alpha_ox and the strength of the UV absorption lines. The data suggest
that there is evidence that both objects are intrinsically weak X-ray sources,
in addition to being heavily X-ray absorbed. The X-ray absorption column
densities are N_H > 10^22 cm^-2 for neutral gas and the intrinsic emission
spectra have alpha_ox > 2. The data are fit best by including ionized (rather
than neutral) absorbers, with column densities N_H(PG2302) > 2.98 x 10^22 cm^-2
and N_H(PG1254) > 17.3 x 10^22 cm^-2. The degrees of ionization are consistent
with the UV lines, as are the total column densities if the strongest lines are
saturated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 803 </DOCNO>
Levitation of Current Carrying States in the Lattice Model for the


  The disorder driven quantum Hall to insulator transition is investigated for
a two-dimensional lattice model. The Hall conductivity and the localization
length are calculated numerically near the transition. For uncorrelated and
weakly correlated disorder potentials the current carrying states are
annihilated by the negative Chern states originating from the band center. In
the presence of correlated disorder potentials with correlation length larger
than approximately half the lattice constant the floating up of the critical
states in energy without merging is observed. This behavior is similar to the
levitation scenario proposed for the continuum model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174869 </DOCNO>
Isoscaling in Light-Ion Induced Reactions and its Statistical


  Isotopic effects observed in fragmentation reactions induced by protons,
deuterons, and alpha particles of incident energies between 660 MeV and 15.3
GeV on 112-Sn and 124-Sn targets are discussed. The exponential scaling of the
yield ratios with the third component of the fragment isospin (N-Z)/2 is
observed in all reactions, with scaling parameters that depend on the incident
energy. Breakup temperatures for these reactions are deduced from double ratios
of isotopic yields and tested for their relation with the isoscaling
parameters. The quantum statistical (QSM) and the statistical
multifragmentation (SMM) models are used for interpreting the results. The
observed isoscaling can be understood as a consequence of a statistical origin
of the emitted fragments in these reactions. The SMM analysis shows that the
exponent describing the isoscaling behavior is proportional to the strength of
the symmetry term of the fragment binding energy. Using this result, a
symmetry-term coefficient (approximately 22.5 MeV) for fragments at breakup is
deduced from the experimental data. This is close to the standard value and
supports SMM assumptions for the breakup configuration. An alternative method
of determining the symmetry-energy coefficient, by using isotope distribution
widths, is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2314 </DOCNO>
Self-consistent Treatment of Copolymers with Arbitrary Sequences


  Using the Gaussian Ansatz for the monomer-monomer correlation functions we
derive a set of the self-consistent equations for determination of the
conformational state in the bead-and-spring copolymer model. The latter is
based on the Edwards type effective free energy functional with arbitrary
two-body interaction matrix. The rate of conformational changes in kinetics may
be expressed via the instantaneous gradients of the variational free energy
functional in the space of the averaged dynamical variables. We study the
equilibrium and kinetics for some periodic and random aperiodic amphiphilic
sequences in infinitely diluted solution. Typical equilibrium phase diagrams
are elucidated and the conformational structure of different states is
discussed. The kinetics of compaction of an amphiphilic copolymer to the
globular state proceeds through formation of locally frustrated non-equilibrium
structures. This leads to a rather complicated multistep kinetic process. We
observe that even a small modification in the primary sequence of a copolymer
may significantly change its kinetic folding properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168992 </DOCNO>
General Multimode Squeezed States


  By the complex multimode Bogoliubov transformation, we obtain the general
forms of squeeze operators and squeezed states including squeezed vacuum
states, squeezed coherent states, squeezed Fock states and squeezed coherent
Fock states, for a general multimode boson system. We decompose the squeezed
operator into disentangling form in normal ordering to simplify the expressions
of the squeezed states. We also calculate the statistical properties of the SS.
Furthermore we prove that if it is non-degenerate, a Bogoliubov transformation
matrix can be decomposed into three basic matrix, by which we can not only
check the criterion of the minimum uncertainty state (MUS) found by Milburn,
but also prove that except the special cases, any multimode squeezed state is
MUS after the original creation and annihilation operators rotate properly. We
also discuss some special cases of the three basic matrices. Finally we give an
analytical results of a two-mode system as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85980 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of Gravity and Gravitational Waves


  Strictly respecting the Einstein equations and supposing space-time is a
medium, we derive the deformation of this medium by gravity. We derive the
deformation in case of infinite plane, Robertson-Walker manifold, Schwarzschild
manifold and gravitational waves. Some singularities are removed or changed. We
call this procedure renormalization of gravity. We show that some results
following from the classical gravity must be modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123411 </DOCNO>
NGC 3065: A Certified LINER With Broad, Variable Balmer Lines


  Motivated by the X-ray properties of the galaxy NGC 3065, we have obtained
new optical spectra which reveal that it has a low-ionization nuclear
emission-line region (LINER) as well as broad Balmer emission lines,
establishing it as an active galactic nucleus. We also examined an older
spectrum from the CfA Redshift Survey which, lacking broad Balmer lines,
indicates that they appeared some time after 1980. Thus NGC 3065 joins the set
of LINERs with broad, variable Balmer lines, which includes such well-known
galaxies as NGC 1097 and M81. Inspired by the sometimes double-peaked profiles
of the variable Balmer lines in other LINERs, we speculate that the broad
Balmer lines of NGC 3065 also come from an accretion disk. We illustrate the
plausibility of this hypothesis by fitting a disk model to the observed
H$\alpha$ profile. We also estimate the mass of the central black hole as
(9+/-4) 10^7 M_sol from the properties of the host galaxy, which leads to the
conclusion that the accretion rate is only 2 10^{-4} times the Eddington value,
a property that appears to be common among LINERs. At such a low relative
accretion rate the inner accretion disk can turn into a vertically-extended ion
torus, which can illuminate the outer, thin disk and power the broad-line
emission. The reason for the sudden appearance of broad Balmer lines is an open
question, although we suggest two possible explanations: tidal disruption of a
star or a sudden transition in the structure of the accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96895 </DOCNO>
Delzant models of moduli spaces


  For every genus g, we construct a smooth, complete, rational polarized
algebraic variety DM_g together with a normal crossing divisor D = sum D_i,
such that for every moduli space M_C(2,0) of semistable topologically trivial
vector bundles of rank 2 on an algebraic curve C of genus g there exists a
holomorphic isomorphism f: M_C(2,0) minus K_2 -> DM_g minus D, where K_2 is the
Kummer variety of the Jacobian of C, sending the polarization of DM_g to the
theta divisor of the moduli space. This isomorphism induces isomorphisms of the
spaces of conformal blocks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73621 </DOCNO>
Contact Interactions, Large Extra Dimensions and Leptoquarks at THERA


  The sensitivity of THERA to different models of "new physics" has been
studied, both for the contact interaction approximation and for the resonance
production. For contact interaction models conserving parity, scales up to
about 18 TeV can be explored at THERA, extending considerably beyond the
existing bounds. Significant improvement of existing limits is also expected
for models with large extra dimensions. Effective Plank mass scales up to about
2.8 TeV can be probed. THERA will be the best machine to study leptoquark
properties, for leptoquark masses up to about 1 TeV. It will be sensitive to
the leptoquark Yukawa couplings down to lambda ~ 0.01.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2702 </DOCNO>
Unusual dependence of vortex core states on the superconducting gap in


  We present a scanning tunneling spectroscopy study on quasiparticle states in
vortex cores in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$. The energy of the observed
vortex core states shows an approximately linear scaling with the
superconducting gap in the region just outside the core. This clearly
distinguishes them from conventional localized core states, and is a signature
of the mechanism responsible for their discrete appearance in high-temperature
superconductors. The energy scaling of the vortex core states also suggests a
common nature of vortex cores in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ and
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$. Finally, the observed vortex core states do not
show any dependence on the applied magnetic field in the range from 1 to 6 T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148261 </DOCNO>
Non-Hermitian oscillator-like Hamiltonians and $\lambda$-coherent states


  Previous $\lambda$-deformed {\it non-Hermitian} Hamiltonians with respect to
the usual scalar product of Hilbert spaces dealing with harmonic
oscillator-like developments are (re)considered with respect to a new scalar
product in order to take into account their property of self-adjointness. The
corresponding deformed $\lambda$-states lead to new families of coherent states
according to the DOCS, AOCS and MUCS points of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83524 </DOCNO>
An Even Faster and More Unifying Algorithm for Comparing Trees via


  A widely used method for determining the similarity of two labeled trees is
to compute a maximum agreement subtree of the two trees. Previous work on this
similarity measure is only concerned with the comparison of labeled trees of
two special kinds, namely, uniformly labeled trees (i.e., trees with all their
nodes labeled by the same symbol) and evolutionary trees (i.e., leaf-labeled
trees with distinct symbols for distinct leaves). This paper presents an
algorithm for comparing trees that are labeled in an arbitrary manner. In
addition to this generality, this algorithm is faster than the previous
algorithms.
  Another contribution of this paper is on maximum weight bipartite matchings.
We show how to speed up the best known matching algorithms when the input
graphs are node-unbalanced or weight-unbalanced. Based on these enhancements,
we obtain an efficient algorithm for a new matching problem called the
hierarchical bipartite matching problem, which is at the core of our maximum
agreement subtree algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124011 </DOCNO>
GRB 000418: A Hidden Jet Revealed?


  We report on optical, near-infrared and centimeter radio observations of
GRB000418 which allow us to follow the evolution of the afterglow from 2 to 200
days after the gamma-ray burst. In modeling these broad-band data, we find that
an isotropic explosion in a constant density medium is unable to simultaneously
fit both the radio and optical data. However, a jet-like outflow with an
opening angle of 10-20 degress provides a good description of the data. The
evidence in favor of a jet interpretation is based on the behavior of the radio
light curves, since the expected jet break is masked at optical wavelengths by
the light of the host galaxy. We also find evidence for extinction, presumably
arising from within the host galaxy, with A(V)=0.4 mag, and host flux densities
of F_R=1.1 uJy and F_K=1.7 uJy. These values supercede previous work on this
burst due to the availability of a broad-band data set allowing a global
fitting approach. A model in which the GRB explodes into a wind-stratified
circumburst medium cannot be ruled out by these data. However, in examining a
sample of other bursts (e.g. GRB990510, GRB000301C) we favor the jet
interpretation for GRB000418.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6831 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Resonance of Ensemble Neurons for Transient Spike Trains: A


  By using the wavelet transformation (WT), we have analyzed the response of an
ensemble of $N$ (=1, 10, 100 and 500) Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neurons to {\it
transient} $M$-pulse spike trains ($M=1-3$) with independent Gaussian noises.
The cross-correlation between the input and output signals is expressed in
terms of the WT expansion coefficients. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is
evaluated by using the {\it denoising} method within the WT, by which the noise
contribution is extracted from output signals. Although the response of a
single (N=1) neuron to sub-threshold transient signals with noises is quite
unreliable, the transmission fidelity assessed by the cross-correlation and SNR
is shown to be much improved by increasing the value of $N$: a population of
neurons play an indispensable role in the stochastic resonance (SR) for
transient spike inputs. It is also shown that in a large-scale ensemble, the
transmission fidelity for supra-threshold transient spikes is not significantly
degraded by a weak noise which is responsible to SR for sub-threshold inputs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124455 </DOCNO>
Binaries and Globular Cluster Dynamics


  We summarize the results of recent theoretical work on the dynamical
evolution of globular clusters containing primordial binaries. Even a very
small initial binary fraction (e.g., 10%) can play a key role in supporting a
cluster against gravothermal collapse for many relaxation times. Inelastic
encounters between binaries and single stars or other binaries provide a very
significant energy source for the cluster. These dynamical interactions also
lead to the production of large numbers of exotic systems such as ultracompact
X-ray binaries, recycled radio pulsars, double degenerate systems, and blue
stragglers. Our work is based on a new parallel supercomputer code implementing
Henon's Monte Carlo method for simulating the dynamical evolution of dense
stellar systems in the Fokker-Planck approximation. This new code allows us to
calculate very accurately the evolution of a cluster containing a realistic
number of stars (N ~ 10^5 - 10^6) in typically a few hours to a few days of
computing time. The discrete, star-by-star representation of the cluster in the
simulation makes it possible to treat naturally a number of important
processes, including single and binary star evolution, all dynamical
interactions of single stars and binaries, and tidal interactions with the
Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81229 </DOCNO>
The dual of non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory


  Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory in Euclidean space-time of dimension d>=2
whose gauge group is any compact Lie group is related to a Spin Foam Model by
an exact strong-weak duality transformation. The group degrees of freedom are
integrated out and replaced by combinatorial expressions involving irreducible
representations and intertwiners of the gauge group. This transformation is
available for the partition function, for the expectation value of observables
(spin networks), and for the correlator of centre monopoles which is a ratio of
partition functions in the original model and an ordinary expectation value in
the dual formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83649 </DOCNO>
Errata and supplements to: Orthonormal RBF Wavelet and Ridgelet-like


  In recent years some attempts have been done to relate the RBF with wavelets
in handling high dimensional multiscale problems. To the author's knowledge,
however, the orthonormal and bi-orthogonal RBF wavelets are still missing in
the literature. By using the nonsingular general solution and singular
fundamental solution of differential operator, recently the present author,
refer. 3, made some substantial headway to derive the orthonormal RBF wavelets
series and transforms. The methodology can be generalized to create the RBF
wavelets by means of the orthogonal convolution kernel function of various
integral operators. In particular, it is stressed that the presented RBF
wavelets does not apply the tensor product to handle multivariate problems at
all.
   This note is to correct some errata in reference 3 and also to supply a few
latest advances in the study of orthornormal RBF wavelet transforms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41330 </DOCNO>
DRAFT: Photoproduction of the $\rho^0$ meson on the proton at large


  The differential cross section, $d\sigma/dt$, for $\rho^0$ meson
photoproduction on the proton above the resonance region ($2.6<W<2.9$ GeV) was
measured up to a momentum transfer $-t = 5$ GeV$^2$ using the CLAS detector at
the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The $\rho^0$ channel was
extracted from the measured two charged-pion cross section by fitting the
$\pi^+\pi^-$ and $p\pi^+$ invariant masses. The low momentum transfer region
shows the typical diffractive pattern expected from Reggeon-exchange. The
flatter behavior at large -t cannot be explained solely in terms of
QCD-inspired two-gluon exchange models. The data indicate that other processes,
like quark interchange, are important to fully describe $\rho$ photoproduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1175 </DOCNO>
Direct measurement of single fluxoid dynamics in superconducting rings


  We have measured the dynamics of individual magnetic fluxoids entering and
leaving thin film, photolithographically patterned rings of underdoped
high-temperature superconductor BSCCO using a variable sample temperature
scanning SQUID microscope. These measurements can be understood within a
phenomenological model in which the fluxoid number changes by thermal
activation of a Pearl vortex in the ring wall. We place upper limits on the
"vison" binding energy in these samples from these measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129420 </DOCNO>
Principal component analysis for spectral indices of stellar populations


  We apply the method of principal component analysis to a sample of simple
stellar populations to select some age-sensitive spectral indices. Besides the
well-known age-sensitive index, H B, we find that some other spectral indices
have great potential to determine the age of stellar populations, such as
G4300, Fe4383, C24668, and Mgb. In addition, we find that the sensitivity to
age of these spectral indices depends on the metallicity of the simple stellar
population (SSP): H B and G4300 are more suited to determine the age of the
low-metallicity stellar population, C24668 and Mgb are more suited to the
high-metallicity stellar population. The results suggest that the principal
component analysis method provides a more objective and informative alternative
to diagnostics by individual spectral lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85718 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory approach to the singularity in vacuum $T^2$ symmetric


  A combination of qualitative analysis and numerical study indicates that
vacuum $T^2$ symmetric spacetimes are, generically, oscillatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127628 </DOCNO>
Surface Photometry of Star Clusters in the Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies NGC


  We present the surface photometry of star clusters in the nearby dwarf
elliptical galaxies NGC 185 and NGC 205, obtained from deep HST WFPC2 F555W (V)
and F814W (I) images. We have obtained surface brightness and color profiles of
six star clusters in NGC 185, seven star clusters in NGC 205, and one recently
discovered non-stellar object in NGC 205. The surface brightness profiles of
ten star clusters are fitted well by the King model, and those of four star
clusters are fitted well by the power-law. Three out of ten star clusters
fitted well with King model show signs of tidal tails.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3941 </DOCNO>
Direct experimental verification of applicability of single-site model


  Bulk-sensitive high-resolution Ce 4f spectra have been obtained from 3d $\to$
4f resonance photoemission measurements on La$_{1-x}$Ce$_x$Al$_2$ and
La$_{1-x}$Ce$_x$Ru$_2$ for $x = 0.0, 0.04, 1.0$. The 4f spectra of
low-Kondo-temperature ($T_{K}$) (La,Ce)Al$_2$ are essentially identical except
for a slight increase of the Kondo peak with $x$, which is consistent with a
known increase of $T_{K}$ with $x$. In contrast, the 4f spectra of high-$T_{K}$
(La,Ce)Ru$_2$ show a Kondo-like peak and also a 0.5 eV structure which
increases strongly with $x$. The resonance photon-energy dependences of the two
contributions are different and the origin of the 0.5 eV structure is still
uncertain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168681 </DOCNO>
Covariance and Fisher information in quantum mechanics


  Variance and Fisher information are ingredients of the Cramer-Rao inequality.
We regard Fisher information as a Riemannian metric on a quantum statistical
manifold and choose monotonicity under coarse graining as the fundamental
property of variance and Fisher information. In this approach we show that
there is a kind of dual one-to-one correspondence between the candidates of the
two concepts. We emphasis that Fisher informations are obtained from relative
entropies as contrast functions on the state space and argue that the scalar
curvature might be interpreted as an uncertainty density on a statistical
manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148811 </DOCNO>
Hidden functional relation in Large-N Quark-Monopole system at finite


  The quark-monopole potential is computed at finite temperature in the context
of $AdS/CFT$ correspondence. It is found that the potential is invariant under
$g \to 1/g$ and $U_T \to U_T / g$. As in the quark-quark case there exists a
maximum separation between quark and monopole, and $L$-dependence of the
potential exhibits a bifurcation behavior. We find a functional relation
$dE_{QM}^{Reg} / dL = [(1/E_{(1,0)}^{Reg}(U_0))^2 +
(1/E_{(0,1)}^{Reg}(U_0))^2]^{-1/2}$ which is responsible for the bifurcation.
The remarkable property of this relation is that it makes a relation between
physical quantities defined at the $AdS$ boundary through a quantity defined at
the bulk. The physical implication of this relation for the existence of the
extra dimension is speculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148018 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric and Shape-Invariant Generalization for Nonresonant and


  A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent transition in
a two-level system introduced earlier are generalized to include arbitrary
energy splittings between the two levels as well as intensity-dependent
interactions. We show that the couple-channel Hamiltonians obtained correspond
to the generalizations of the nonresonant and intensity-dependent nonresonant
Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonians, widely used in quantized theories of laser. In
this general context, we determine the eigenstates, eigenvalues, the time
evolution matrix and the population inversion matrix factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125736 </DOCNO>
Shapelets: II. A Method for Weak Lensing Measurements


  Weak gravitational lensing provides a unique method to directly measure the
distribution of mass in the universe. Because the distortions induced by
lensing in the shape of background galaxies are small, the measurement of weak
lensing requires high precision. Here, we present a new method for obtaining
reliable weak shear measurements. It is based on the Shapelet basis function
formalism of Refregier (2001), in which galaxy images are decomposed into
several shape components, each providing independent estimates of the local
shear. The formalism affords an efficient modelling and deconvolution of the
Point Spread Function. Using the remarkable properties of Shapelets under
distortions, we construct a simple, minimum variance estimator for the shear.
We describe how we implement the method in practice, and test the method using
realistic simulated images. We find our method to be stable and reliable for
conditions analogous to ground-based surveys. Compared to earlier methods, our
method has the advantages of being accurate, linear, mathematically
well-defined, and optimally sensitive, since it uses the full shape information
available for each galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113825 </DOCNO>
Revivals and oscillations of the momentum of light in a planar multimode


  The evolution of the transverse momentum of monochromatic light entering a
multimode planar waveguide at large angle is investigated. We report on
oscillations of the momentum caused by the beatings between the adjacent
populated modes of the waveguide and their periodic collapses and revivals. A
new type of an interferometer based on this effect with fringe spacing as small
as 1/9 of a light wavelength is demonstrated experimentally and periods as
small as 1/1000 of a light wavelength seem to be feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83691 </DOCNO>
Playing Games with Algorithms: Algorithmic Combinatorial Game Theory


  Combinatorial games lead to several interesting, clean problems in algorithms
and complexity theory, many of which remain open. The purpose of this paper is
to provide an overview of the area to encourage further research. In
particular, we begin with general background in combinatorial game theory,
which analyzes ideal play in perfect-information games. Then we survey results
about the complexity of determining ideal play in these games, and the related
problems of solving puzzles, in terms of both polynomial-time algorithms and
computational intractability results. Our review of background and survey of
algorithmic results are by no means complete, but should serve as a useful
primer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5958 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and Quantum Gate Operations with Spin-Qubits in Quantum


  We give an elementary introduction to the notion of quantum entanglement
between distinguishable parties and review a recent proposal about solid state
quantum computation with spin-qubits in quantum dots. The indistinguishable
character of the electrons whose spins realize the qubits gives rise to further
entanglement-like quantum correlations. We summarize recent results concerning
this type of quantum correlations of indistinguishable particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123768 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing: effects of cosmology and of lens and source


  We present detailed calculations of the magnification distribution, including
both weak and strong lensing, using very recent solutions of the Dyer-Roeder
(1973) equation for light propagation in a inhomogeneous universe with a
cosmological constant and up-to-date models for the evolving cosmological
distribution of dark matter halos. We address in particular the effect of a
non-zero cosmological constant, of different density profiles of lenses, and of
finite sizes of lensed sources.
  We show that, if dark matter fluctuations are normalized to the local cluster
abundance, in the presence of a cosmological constant the optical depth for
lensing {\em decreases} compared to the case of an Einstein-de Sitter universe,
because halos in the relevant mass range are less abundant over a large
redshift interval. We also discuss the differences in the magnification
probability distributions produced by Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW) and by
Singular Isothermal Sphere (SIS) density profiles of lenses. We find that the
NFW lens is more efficient for moderate magnifications ($2\lsim A\lsim 4$), and
less efficient for larger magnifications. Moreover, we discuss quantitatively
the maximum magnification, $A_{\rm max}$, that can be achieved in the case of
extended sources (galaxies) with realistic luminosity profiles, taking into
account the possible ellipticity of the lens potential. Finally, we apply our
results to a class of sources following the luminosity evolution typical for a
unified scheme of QSO formation. We find that the lensed source counts at $850
\mu$m can be larger than the unlensed ones by several orders of magnitude at
flux densities $\gta100 $mJy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128950 </DOCNO>
A measure of gravitational entropy and structure formation


  Increasing inhomogeneity due to gravitational clumping reflects increasing
gravitational entropy in a time evolving universe. Starting from an ensemble of
uniformly distributed particles it is demonstrated that gravitational
clustering is subject to a specific quantization rule for the amount of
increase of gravitational entropy during the formation of inhomogeneities. The
gain of gravitational entropy at each higher order merging process within the
system is shown to result as a natural consequence from an extremal condition
involved. The resulting discrete spectrum of nested, bound structures of
specific mass and radius, ranging from the particle physics scale to galaxies
and super clusters, provides a unified view of fundamental inhomogeneity scales
in the universe from gravitational entropy considerations. Consequently, also
the gravitational arrow of time points in the direction of stepwise increasing
entropy or inhomogeneity, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2110 </DOCNO>
Hopping in the Glass Configuration Space: Subaging and Generalized


  Aging dynamics in glassy systems is investigated by considering the hopping
motion in a rugged energy landscape whose deep minima are characterized by an
exponential density of states. In particular we explore the behavior of a
generic two-time correlation function Pi(t_w+t,t_w) below the glass transition
temperature T_g when both the observation time t and the waiting time t_w
become large. We show the occurrence of ordinary scaling behavior, which
includes normal aging and subaging, and the possible simultaneous occurrence of
generalized scaling behavior. Which situation occurs depends on the form of the
effective transition rates between the low lying states. Employing a ``Partial
Equilibrium Concept'', the exponents of the aging and the asymptotic form of
the scaling functions are obtained both by simple scaling arguments and by
analytical calculations. The predicted scaling properties compare well with
Monte-Carlo simulations in dimensions d = 1-1000 and it is argued that a
mean-field type treatment of the hopping motion fails to describe the aging
dynamics in any dimension. Implications for more general situations involving
different forms of transition rates and the occurrence of many scaling regimes
in the t-t_w plane are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76524 </DOCNO>
Soft Particle Production at HERA


  HERA data on soft hadron production are discussed. The measured inclusive and
exclusive hadron cross sections show a simple scaling behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124199 </DOCNO>
Zooming in on the Coma Cluster with Chandra: Compressed Warm Gas in the


  The Chandra image of the central region of the Coma cluster reveals that both
its dominant galaxies, NGC4874 and NGC4889, retain the central parts of their
X-ray gas coronae. The interstellar gas with a temperature of 1-2 keV is
confined by the hot intergalactic medium of the Coma cluster into compact
clouds (only 3 kpc in radius) containing 10^8 M_sun of gas. The physical state
of the gas in these clouds appears to be determined by a delicate balance
between radiative cooling and suppressed (by a factor of 30-100) heat
conduction through the interface between these clouds and the hot cluster gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124489 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Content of Obscured Galactic Giant H II Regions III.: W31


  We present near infrared (J, H, and K) photometry and moderate resolution
(lambda/Deltalambda = 3000) K-band spectroscopy of the embedded stellar cluster
in the giant H II region W31. Four of the brightest five cluster members are
early O--type stars based on their spectra. We derive a spectro--photometric
distance for W31 of 3.4 +/- 0.3 kpc using these new spectral types and infrared
photometry. The brightest cluster source at K is a red object which lies in the
region of the J - H vs. H - K color--color plot inhabited by stars with excess
emission in the K-band. This point source has an H plus K-band spectrum which
shows no photospheric features, which we interpret as being the result of
veiling by local dust emission. Strong Brackett series emission and permitted
FeII emission are detected in this source; the latter feature is suggestive of
a dense inflow or outflow. The near infrared position of this red source is
consistent with the position of a 5 GHz thermal radio source seen in previous
high angular resolution VLA images. We also identify several other K-band
sources containing excess emission with compact radio sources. These objects
may represent stars in the W31 cluster still embedded in their birth cocoons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125180 </DOCNO>
The Radio Corona of AR Lacertae


  We present multifrequency VLA and VLBA observations at 8.4 GHz of the RS CVn
system AR Lac, that were performed in autumn 1997 simultaneously with X-ray
observations obtained from Rodono` et al. (1999). Our VLBA data indicate a
resolved source with dimension close to the system separation, while the study
of the flux density curve evidences a small amplitude outside of the eclipse
variability. The derived five-frequencies spectra, combined with the size
information from VLBA data, are compared with gyrosynchrotron emission from a
two component structured source. A comparison with the results of the X-ray
observations allow us to exclude the possibility that thermal gyrosynchrotron
is responsible for the radio emission, but it is compatible with the hypothesis
of co-spatial X-ray and radio emitting sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168978 </DOCNO>
Aspects of mutually unbiased bases in odd prime power dimensions


  We rephrase the Wootters-Fields construction [Ann. Phys., {\bf 191}, 363
(1989)] of a full set of mutually unbiased bases in a complex vector space of
dimensions $N=p^r$, where $p$ is an odd prime, in terms of the character
vectors of the cyclic group $G$ of order $p$. This form may be useful in
explicitly writing down mutually unbiased bases for $N=p^r$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95742 </DOCNO>
Maximal singular loci of Schubert varieties in SL(n)/B


  We give an explicit combinatorial description of the irreducible components
of the singular locus of the Schubert variety X_w for any element w in S_n. Our
description of the irreducible components is computationally more efficient
(O(n^6)) than the previously best known algorithms. This result proves a
conjecture of Lakshmibai and Sandhya regarding this singular locus.
Furthermore, we give simple formulas for calculating the Kazhdan-Lusztig
polynomials at the maximum singular points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96101 </DOCNO>
Projectively equivariant quantization and symbol calculus:


  We extend projectively equivariant quantization and symbol calculus to
symbols of pseudo-differential operators. An explicit expression in terms of
hypergeometric functions with noncommutative arguments is given. Some examples
are worked out, one of them yielding a quantum length element on $S^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99125 </DOCNO>
Deformation Quantization of Geometric Quantum Mechanics


  Second quantization of a classical nonrelativistic one-particle system as a
deformation quantization of the Schrodinger spinless field is considered. Under
the assumption that the phase space of the Schrodinger field is $C^{\infty}$,
both, the Weyl-Wigner-Moyal and Berezin deformation quantizations are discussed
and compared. Then the geometric quantum mechanics is also quantized using the
Berezin method under the assumption that the phase space is $CP^{\infty}$
endowed with the Fubini-Study Kahlerian metric. Finally, the Wigner function
for an arbitrary particle state and its evolution equation are obtained. As is
shown this new "second quantization" leads to essentially different results
than the former one. For instance, each state is an eigenstate of the total
number particle operator and the corresponding eigenvalue is always ${1 \over
\hbar}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126012 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Lens Statistics and The Density Profile of Dark Halos


  We investigate the influence of the inner profile of lens objects on
gravitational lens statistics taking into account of the effect of
magnification bias and both the evolution and the scatter of halo profiles. We
take the dark halos as the lens objects and consider the following three models
for the density profile of dark halos; SIS (singular isothermal sphere), the
NFW (Navarro Frenk White) profile, and the generalized NFW profile which has a
different slope at smaller radii. The mass function of dark halos is assumed to
be given by the Press-Schechter function. We find that magnification bias for
the NFW profile is order of magnitude larger than that for SIS. We estimate the
sensitivity of the lensing probability of distant sources to the inner profile
of lenses and to the cosmological parameters. It turns out that the lensing
probability is strongly dependent on the inner density profile as well as on
the cosmological constant. We compare the predictions with the largest
observational sample, the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey. The absence or presence
of large splitting events in larger surveys currently underway such as the 2dF
and SDSS could set constraints on the inner density profile of dark halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2568 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic, Non-equilibrium Fluctuations of Inhomogeneous Electronic


  By using the dark-field real-space imaging technique of transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), we have observed slow 200 A-scale fluctuations of
charge-ordered (CO) phase in mixed-valent manganites under a strong electron
beam irradiation. In addition to these unusual fluctuations of the CO phase, we
observed the switching-type fluctuations of electrical resistivity in the same
sample, which were found to be as large as several percents. Systematic
analysis indicates that these two different types of fluctuations with a
similar time scale of the order of seconds are interconnected through a
meta-stable insulating charge-disordered state. Current dependence of the
fluctuations suggests a non-equilibrium nature of this slow dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127314 </DOCNO>
Velocity distribution of high-energy particles and the solar neutrino


  High energy infers high velocity and high velocity is a concept of special
relativity. The Maxwellian velocity distribution is corrected to be consistent
with special relativity. The corrected distribution reduces to the Maxwellian
distribution for small velocities, contains a relatively depleted high-energy
tail and vanishes at the velocity of light. This corrected distribution will
lower solar neutrino fluxes and change solar neutrino energy spectra but keep
solar sound speeds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124699 </DOCNO>
The SZ Effect as a Probe of Non-Gravitational Entropy in Groups and


  We investigate how strongly and at what scales the Sunyaev- Zel'dovich effect
reflects the shifting balance between the two processes that compete for
governing the density and the thermodynamic state of the hot intra-cluster
medium pervading clusters and groups of galaxies: the hierarchical clustering
of the DM; the non-gravitational energy and momentum fed back into the ICM by
the condensing baryons. We base on a SAM of galaxy formation and clustering to
describe how the baryons are partitioned among the hot, the cool and the
stellar phase; the partition shifts as the galaxies cluster hierarchically, and
as the feedback by stellar winds and SN explosions follows the star formation.
Their impact is amplified by the same large scale accretion shocks that
thermalize the gravitational energy of gas falling into the growing potential
wells. We compute the Compton parameter $y$, and find a relation of $y$ with
the ICM temperature, the $y-T$ relation, which departs from the self-similar
scaling and bends down at temperatures typical of galaxy groups. We
model-independently relate this with the analogous behaviour of the L_x - T
relation, and discuss to what extent our results are generic of the
hierarchical models of galaxy formation and clustering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149447 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of the Relativistic Composite String -


  The Casimir energy for the transverse oscillations of a piecewise uniform
closed string is calculated. The great adaptability of this string model with
respect to various regularization methods is pointed out. We survey several
regularization methods: the cutoff method, the complex contour integration
method, and the zeta-function method. The most powerful method in the present
case is the contour integration method. The Casimir energy turns out to be
negative, and more so the larger is the number of pieces in the string. The
thermodynamic free energy and the critical Hagedorn temperature are calculated
for a two-piece string. Mass and decay spectra are calculated for quantum
massive excitations and the physical meaning of the critical temperatures
characterizing the radiation in the decay of a massive microstate is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83638 </DOCNO>
Rule Writing or Annotation: Cost-efficient Resource Usage for Base Noun


  This paper presents a comprehensive empirical comparison between two
approaches for developing a base noun phrase chunker: human rule writing and
active learning using interactive real-time human annotation. Several novel
variations on active learning are investigated, and underlying cost models for
cross-modal machine learning comparison are presented and explored. Results
show that it is more efficient and more successful by several measures to train
a system using active learning annotation rather than hand-crafted rule writing
at a comparable level of human labor investment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97997 </DOCNO>
Bound States in One-Dimensional Quantum N-Body Systems with Inverse


  We investigate the existence of bound states in a one-dimensional quantum
system of $N$ identical particles interacting with each other through an
inverse square potential. This system is equivalent to the Calogero model
without the confining term. The effective Hamiltonian of this system in the
radial direction admits a one-parameter family of self-adjoint extensions and
the negative energy bound states occur when most general boundary conditions
are considered. We find that these bound states exist only when $N=3,4$ and for
certain values of the system parameters. The effective Hamiltonian for the
system is related to the Virasoro algebra and the bound state wavefunctions
exhibit a scaling behaviour in the limit of small inter-particle separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76997 </DOCNO>
Coherent gamma-gamma and gamma-A interactions in very peripheral


  Due to coherence, there are strong electromagnetic fields of short duration
in very peripheral collisions. They give rise to photon-photon and
photon-nucleus collisions with a high flux up to an invariant mass region
hitherto unexplored experimentally. After a general survey of the field
equivalent photon numbers and photon-photon luminosities, especially for
relativistic heavy ion collisions, are discussed. Special care needs to be
taken to include the effects of the strong interaction and nuclear size in this
case. Photon-photon and photon-hadron physics at various invariant mass scales
are then discussed. The maximum equivalent photon energy in the lab-system
(collider frame) are typically of the order of 3 GeV for RHIC and 100 GeV for
LHC. Diffractive processes are an important background process. Lepton-pair,
especially electron-positron pair production is copious. Due to the strong
fields there will be new phenomena, like multiple e+e- pair production. The
experimental techniques to select gamma-gamma-processes are finally discussed
together with important background processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1889 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of the Bose-System with a Small Number of Particles


  A theoretical description of the interacting Bose-system is proposed. It is
based on the extrapolation of the results obtained for the systems with a small
number of particles N=2, 3, 4, etc. to the bulk case of N=\infty. It is shown
that already the system with N=12, 13 behaves almost as a bulk in a wide
temperature range. Special attention is paid to the phase transition in these
systems. The hard sphere potential is used in calculations. The sequence of
heat capacity maxima is approximated as C^{max}_N/N\simeq13.6-aN^{-\epsilon}
with \epsilon=0.0608 giving the value of bulk heat capacity as 13.6 while
experimental value is close to 16. The temperature of \lambda-transition is
estimated as 2.1-2.3 K versus experimental 2.17 K. Quite good qualitative and
satisfactory quantitative agreement with the experimental data has been
achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97847 </DOCNO>
On a F_{q^2}-maximal curve of genus q(q-3)/6


  We show that a F_{q^2}-maximal curve of genus q(q-3)/6 in characteristic
three is unique up-to F_{q^2}-isomorphism unless an unexpected situation
occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149504 </DOCNO>
A gauge boson from the Kaluza-Klein approach of the Randall-Sundrum


  We clarify a mechanism to obtain a massless gauge boson from the Kaluza-Klein
approach of the Randall-Sundrum(RS) brane world. This corresponds exactly to
the same mechanism of achieving a localization of the gauge boson by adding
both the bulk and brane mass terms. Accordingly this work puts another example
for a localization-mechanism of the gauge boson on the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1931 </DOCNO>
Four-dimensional polymer collapse II: Interacting self-avoiding trails


  We have simulated four-dimensional interacting self-avoiding trails (ISAT) on
the hyper-cubic lattice with standard interactions at a wide range of
temperatures up to length 4096 and at some temperatures up to length 16384. The
results confirm the earlier prediction (using data from a non-standard model at
a single temperature) of a collapse phase transition occurring at finite
temperature. Moreover they are in accord with the phenomenological theory
originally proposed by Lifshitz, Grosberg and Khokhlov in three dimensions and
recently given new impetus by its use in the description of simulational
results for four-dimensional interacting self-avoiding walks (ISAW). In fact,
we argue that the available data is consistent with the conclusion that the
collapse transitions of ISAT and ISAW lie in the same universality class, in
contradiction with long-standing predictions. We deduce that there exists a
pseudo-first order transition for ISAT in four dimensions at finite lengths
while the thermodynamic limit is described by the standard polymer mean-field
theory (giving a second-order transition), in contradiction to the prediction
that the upper critical dimension for ISAT is $d_u=4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125856 </DOCNO>
Millimetric Observations of the Center of M81 : A Starved Nucleus with


  The central kiloparsec of M81 has been observed in the CO(J=1-0) line and the
3 mm continuum at 100 pc resolution in an attempt to probe molecular gas, and
to search for the nuclear inner Lindblad resonance (NILR), around the
low-luminosity AGN M81*. We found the following. (1) Molecular gas in the
central kpc is mainly on a ``pseudoring'' or a spiral arm at a radius of about
500 pc. (2) The region within ~300 pc from the nucleus is mostly devoid of
molecular gas except for diffuse one; in particular, there is neither a giant
molecular cloud that is now accreting on the nucleus nor a conspicuous gas
feature that can be identified as an NILR. (3) The 3 mm continuum emission
shows significant intraday variation, suggesting an emitting region of ~100 AU.
(4) The 3-sigma upper limit for CO absorption toward the continuum source is
tau_CO(0->1) dV < 0.1 for a linewidth of 10 km/s. The dearth of accreting
molecular gas in the vicinity of the nucleus may explain the low luminosity of
M81*.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76741 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Electroweak Corrections to the Chargino Decay into


  We investigated the electroweak corrections from one-loop diagrams involving
the third generation (s)quarks to the decay width of process $\tilde{\chi}_1^+
\to W^+ \tilde{\chi}_1^{0}$ in the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model. Our calculation shows that these corrections are not very
sensitive to the mass of the lightest neutralino $\tilde{\chi}_1^{0}$ and the
sbottom mixing angle $\theta_{b}$, but depend strongly on the top squark mixing
angle $\theta_{t}$ and tan$\beta$. With our chosen parameters, we find that
these radiative corrections can exceed 10%, therefore they should be taken into
account for the precise experimental measurement at future colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72971 </DOCNO>
On the Compatibility Between Physics and Intelligent Organisms


  It has been commonly argued, on the basis of Goedel's theorem and related
mathematical results, that true artificial intelligence cannot exist. Penrose
has further deduced from the existence of human intelligence that fundamental
changes in physical theories are needed. I provide an elementary demonstration
that these deductions are mistaken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84061 </DOCNO>
DNA Self-Assembly For Constructing 3D Boxes


  We propose a mathematical model of DNA self-assembly using 2D tiles to form
3D nanostructures. This is the first work to combine studies in self-assembly
and nanotechnology in 3D, just as Rothemund and Winfree did in the 2D case. Our
model is a more precise superset of their Tile Assembly Model that facilitates
building scalable 3D molecules. Under our model, we present algorithms to build
a hollow cube, which is intuitively one of the simplest 3D structures to
construct. We also introduce five basic measures of complexity to analyze these
algorithms. Our model and algorithmic techniques are applicable to more complex
2D and 3D nanostructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74606 </DOCNO>
More on the Interaction Region of PEP-N


  The PEP-N project consists of a small, very low-energy e- storage ring (VLER)
located in one of the interaction-straight regions of PEP-II. The small ring is
brought into collision with the low-energy (3.1 GeV) e+ beam (LER). The
center-of-mass energies from this collision are between the Phi and J/Psi
resonances. We achieve a head-on collision through the use of a central
magnetic dipole field that generates a large horizontal bending field. This
field is also the central field of the detector. The large energy range of the
VLER, in order to maximize the center-of-mass energy range, complicates the
collision point geometry. In order to maintain the beam orbits near the
collision point two techniques are used. The first is to scale the central
dipole field up and down with the energy of the VLER and the second is to use
passive shielding to decrease the integral B.dl of the dipole field seen by the
VLER. Changes in the orbit of the LER are corrected with local bending magnets.
Further details of the interaction region geometry as well as design issues
that include synchrotron radiation from the high-current positron beam are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3247 </DOCNO>
Theoretical investigation of one -dimensional cavities in two


  We study the features of the resonant peak of one dimensional (1D) dielectric
cavities in a two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal lattice. We use both the transfer
matrix method and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method to calculate
the transmission coefficient. The results of the two methods are compared and
discussed. The Q factor of the 1D cavities is numerically obtained and agrees
reasonably well with the experimental results. The dependence of Q on
absorption and losses, the thickness of the sample and the latteral width of
the cavity is examined. It's dependence on the width of the source in the FDTD
calculations is given. The agreement between experiments and numerics is very
good, provided that either the source in the FDTD is narrow or an imaginary
part (in the air dielectric) is introduced in the transfer matrix calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5310 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport and the upper critical magnetic field in MgB2


  Magnetotransport measurements are presented on polycrystalline MgB2 samples.
The resistive upper critical magnetic field reveals a temperature dependence
with a positive curvature from Tc = 39.3 K down to about 20 K, then changes to
a slightly negative curvature reaching 25 T at 1.5 K. The 25- Tesla upper
critical field is much higher than what is known so far on polycrystals of MgB2
but it is in agreement with recent data obtained on epitaxial MgB2 films. The
deviation of Bc2(T) from standard BCS might be due to the proposed two-gap
superconductivity in this compound. The observed quadratic normal-state
magnetoresistance with validity of Kohler's rule can be ascribed to classical
trajectory effects in the low-field limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168007 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and Dynamic Stability of Nash Equilibria in a Symmetric


  We study the evolutionary stability of Nash equilibria (NE) in a symmetric
quantum game played by the recently proposed scheme of applying `identity' and
`Pauli spin flip' operators on the initial state with classical probabilities.
We show that in this symmetric game dynamic stability of a NE can be changed
when the game changes its form, for example, from classical to quantum. It
happens even when the NE remains intact in both forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127798 </DOCNO>
The Three-Dimensional Power Spectrum Measured from 2MASS


  We present the three-dimensional power spectrum of galaxy clustering using
measurements of the angular correlation function from the second incremental
release of the Two-Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS). The angular positions of
galaxies out to a limiting magnitude of K_s <= 14.0 (508,054 galaxies)
determine the correlation function. We consider a variety of estimators of the
catalog's angular correlation function, and we find the Landy and Szalay (LS)
estimator to be the most reliable choice. Using the LS estimator, we find that
the angular correlation function takes the form of a power law with a break.
The angular correlation function is then used in combination with the selection
function to determine the power spectrum by inverting Limber's equation. We
find good agreement with previous measurements of the power spectrum for 0.04 <
k < 0.1 h Mpc^-1, and evidence for a peak in the power spectrum around k = 0.03
h Mpc^-1. For k > 0.1 h Mpc^-1 we find that the power spectrum is biased higher
than other surveys, which can be understood as a color-based selection effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4343 </DOCNO>
Two energy scales and slow crossover in YbAl3


  Experimental results for the susceptibility, specific heat, 4f occupation
number, Hall effect and magnetoresistance for single crystals of YbAl$_{3}$
show that, in addition to the Kondo energy scale $k_{B}T_{K}$ $% \sim $ 670K,
there is a low temperature scale $T_{coh}<50$K for the onset of coherence.
Furthermore the crossover from the low temperature Fermi liquid regime to the
high temperature local moment regime is slower than predicted by the Anderson
impurity model. These effects may reflect the behavior of the Anderson Lattice
in the limit of low conduction electron density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 458 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Properties for the One-Dimensional Multicomponent Spin-Gap


  Magnetic properties for the one-dimensional multicomponent quantum spin
system with the excitation gap are studied based on the integrable spin model
introduced by Bariev {\it et al}. By exactly computing the magnetization, we
show how the characteristic structure with plateaus and cusps appears in the
magnetization process. To study low-energy dynamics of the system, we apply the
finite-size scaling analysis to the excitation spectrum, and thereby evaluate
the power-law exponent as well as the enhancement factor for the
low-temperature NMR relaxation rate $1/T_1$. We discuss the critical properties
of $1/T_1$ around plateaus and cusps in the magnetization curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98629 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of a duality-twisted Ising quantum chain


  The Ising quantum chain with a peculiar twisted boundary condition is
considered. This boundary condition, first introduced in the framework of the
spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg quantum chain, is related to the duality
transformation, which becomes a symmetry of the model at the critical point.
Thus, at the critical point, the Ising quantum chain with the duality-twisted
boundary is translationally invariant, similar as in the case of the usual
periodic or antiperiodic boundary conditions. The complete energy spectrum of
the Ising quantum chain is calculated analytically for finite systems, and the
conformal properties of the scaling limit are investigated. This provides an
explicit example of a conformal twisted boundary condition and a corresponding
generalised twisted partition function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6033 </DOCNO>
Aging in the random energy model


  In this letter we announce rigorous results on the phenomenon of aging in the
Glauber dynamics of the random energy model and their relation to Bouchaud's
'REM-like' trap model. We show that, below the critical temperature, if we
consider a time-scale that diverges with the system size in such a way that
equilibrium is almost, but not quite reached on that scale, a suitably defined
autocorrelation function has the same asymptotic behaviour than its analog in
the trap model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95693 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics of Dirac particle beam optics: Single-particle theory


  It has been found that quantum corrections can substantially affect the
classical results of tracking for trajectories close to the separatrix. Hence
the development of a basic formalism for obtaining the quantum maps for any
particle beam optical system is called for. To this end, it is observed that
several aspects of quantum maps for the beam optics of spin-1/2 particles can
be studied, at the level of single particle dynamics, using the proper
formalism based on the Dirac equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127581 </DOCNO>
On some Uncertainties in Evolutionary Synthesis Models


  Ranging from track interpolation techniques through model atmospheres to the
stochastic nature of the IMF, there are many uncertainties which need to be
taken into account when modelling HR diagrams or performing population
synthesis, particularly if comparison with actual data is sought. In this
paper, we highlight (1) the problem of discontinuities along evolutionary
tracks of massive stars (M> 8 Mo), showing that inconsistencies appear in the
computation of the corresponding isochrones, and (2) the sampling fluctuations
produced by the stochastic nature of the IMF, presenting a statistical
formalism to estimate the dispersion in any given observable of a stellar
population due to sampling effects which bypasses the need of performing Monte
Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6567 </DOCNO>
An application of the catastrophe theory to building the model of


  The uniaxial elastic-plastic deformation process is considered. Mathematical
model of this process was built. According to this model all stable static
states form the lattice, which is called the delta-lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 151 </DOCNO>
Learning multilayer perceptrons efficiently


  A learning algorithm for multilayer perceptrons is presented which is based
on finding the principal components of a correlation matrix computed from the
example inputs and their target outputs. For large networks our procedure needs
far fewer examples to achieve good generalization than traditional on-line
algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148938 </DOCNO>
Test of gauged N=8 SUGRA / N=1 SYM duality at sub-leading order


  An infra-red fixed point of ${\mathcal N}=1$ super-Yang-Mills theory is
believed to be dual to a solution of five-dimensional gauged ${\mathcal N}=8$
supergravity. We test this conjecture at next to leading order in the large $N$
expansion by computing bulk one-loop corrections to the anomaly coefficient
$a-c$. The one-loop corrections are non-zero for all values of the bulk mass,
and not just special ones as claimed in previous work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179645 </DOCNO>
Recent results on hadron form factors


  We discuss the recent data on the electric proton form factor, obtained at
JLab, which show a spectacular deviation from the commonly assumed dipole
behavior. We discuss the implication of these results on the deuteron structure
and on the neutron electric form factor: at relatively large $Q^2$ a revision
of the deuteron models may be required, and the neutron electric form factor
might become even larger than the proton electric form factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1703 </DOCNO>
Excited States of Ladder-type Poly-p-phenylene Oligomers


  Ground state properties and excited states of ladder-type paraphenylene
oligomers are calculated applying semiempirical methods for up to eleven
phenylene rings. The results are in qualitative agreement with experimental
data. A new scheme to interpret the excited states is developed which reveals
the excitonic nature of the excited states. The electron-hole pair of the
S1-state has a mean distance of approximately 4 Angstroem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73609 </DOCNO>
Freezing of QCD coupling affects the short distance static potential


  A striking contradiction between lattice short range static potential (nf=0)
and standard perturbative potential, observed by Bali G.S., is investigated in
the framework of the background perturbation theory. With the use of the
background coupling which contains the only background parameter - mass mB,
fixed by fine structure fit in bottomonium, the lattice data are nicely
explained without introduction of exotic short range linear potential with
large "string tension" approx. 1 GeV squared. A significant difference between
the background coupling and standard perturbative coupling is found in the
range 0.05 fm < r<0.15 fm, while at larger distances, r > 0.3 fm the background
coupling fast approaches the freezing value. Some problems concerning the
strong coupling properties at short and long distances are discussed and
solutions are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73008 </DOCNO>
A Critical Reassessment of Q7 and Q8 Matrix Elements


  We compare recent theoretical determinations of weak matrix elements of the
electroweak penguin operators Q7 and Q8. We pay special attention to the
renormalization scheme dependence of these determinations as well as to the
influence of higher dimension operators in the different approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4261 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of the S=1/2 Heisenberg Chain with Staggered


  Thermodynamic properties of the S=1/2 Heisenberg chain in transverse
staggered magnetic field H^y_s and uniform magnetic field H^x perpendicular to
the staggered field is studied by the finite-temperature density-matrix
renormalization-group method. The uniform and staggered magnetization and
specific heat are calculated from zero temperature to high temperatures up to
T/J=4 under various strength of magnetic fields from H^y_s/J, H^x/J=0 to 2.4.
The specific heat and magnetization of the effective Hamiltonian of the
Yb_4As_3 are also presented, and field induced gap formation and diverging
magnetic susceptibility at low temperature are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5741 </DOCNO>
Noise suppression by noise


  We have analyzed the interplay between an externally added noise and the
intrinsic noise of systems that relax fast towards a stationary state, and
found that increasing the intensity of the external noise can reduce the total
noise of the system. We have established a general criterion for the appearance
of this phenomenon and discussed two examples in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86133 </DOCNO>
Scalar and Spinor Particles in the Spacetime of a Domain Wall in String


  We consider scalar and spinor particles in the spacetime of a domain wall in
the context of low energy effective string theories, such as the generalized
scalar-tensor gravity theories. This class of theories allows for an arbitrary
coupling of the wall and the (gravitational) scalar field. First, we derive the
metric of a wall in the weak-field approximation and we show that it depends on
the wall's surface energy density and on two post-Newtonian parameters. Then,
we solve the Klein-Gordon and the Dirac equations in this spacetime. We obtain
the spectrum of energy eigenvalues and the current density in the scalar and
spinor cases, respectively. We show that these quantities, except in the case
of the energy spectrum for a massless spinor particle, depend on the parameters
that characterize the scalar-tensor domain wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3971 </DOCNO>
Filling-Control Metal-Insulator Transition in the Hubbard Model Studied


  Thermodynamic and dynamical properties of filling-control metal-insulator
transition (MIT) in the Hubbard model are studied by the operator projection
method, especially in two dimensions. This is a non-perturbative analytic
approach to many-body systems. The present theory incorporates the
Mott-Hubbard, Brinkman-Rice and Slater pictures of the MIT into a unified
framework, together with reproducing low-energy narrow band arising from
spin-charge fluctuations. At half filling, single-particle spectra $A(\omega,
k)$ show formation of two Hubbard bands and their antiferromagnetic shadows
separated by a Mott gap in the plane of energy $\omega$ and momentum $k$ with
lowering temperatures. These four bands produce splitting to two low-energy
narrow bands and two SDW-like bands in the dispersion. Near half filling, the
low-energy narrow band persists at low temperatures. This narrow band has a
particularly weak dispersion and large weights around $(\pi, 0)$ and $(0, \pi)$
momenta. The velocity of these low-energy excitations is shown to vanish
towards the MIT, indicating the mass divergence as in the Brinkman-Rice
picture, but most prominently around $(\pi,0)$ and $(0,\pi)$ with strong
momentum dependence. This reflects the suppression of the coherence near the
MIT. Main structures in $A(\omega, k)$ show remarkable similarities to quantum
Monte-Carlo results in two dimensions as well as in the one-dimensional Hubbard
model. The charge compressibility appears to diverge with decreasing doping
concentration in both one and two dimensions in agreement with the exact and
quantum Monte-Carlo results. We also discuss implications of the flat
dispersion formed near the Fermi level to the observations in high-$\Tc$
cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96003 </DOCNO>
An approach to Hopf algebras via Frobenius coordinates II


  We study a Hopf algebra $H$, which is finitely generated and projective over
a commutative ring $k$, as a $P$-Frobenius algebra. We define modular functions
in this setting, and provide a complete proof of Radford's formula for the
fourth power of the antipode, using Frobenius algebraic techniques. As further
applications, we extend Etingof and Gelaki's result that a separable and
coseparable Hopf algebra has antipode of order two, the result of Schneider
that Hopf subalgebras are twisted Frobenius extensions, and show that the
quantum double is always a Frobenius algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129386 </DOCNO>
The host galaxy of GRB010222: The strongest damped Lyman-alpha system


  Analysis of the absorption lines in the afterglow spectrum of the gamma-ray
burst GRB010222 indicates that its host galaxy (at a redshift of z=1.476) is
the strongest damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) system known, having a very low
metallicity and modest dust content. This conclusion is based on the detection
of the red wing of Lyman-alpha plus a comparison of the equivalent widths of
ultraviolet Mg I, Mg II, and Fe II lines with those in other DLAs. The column
density of H I, deduced from a fit to the wing of Lyman-alpha, is (5 +/- 2)
10^22 cm^-2. The ratio of the column densities of Zn and Cr lines suggests that
the dust content in our line of sight through the galaxy is low. This could be
due to either dust destruction by the ultraviolet emission of the afterglow or
to an initial dust composition different to that of the diffuse interstellar
material, or a combination of both.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 905 </DOCNO>
Training a perceptron in a discrete weight space


  On-line and batch learning of a perceptron in a discrete weight space, where
each weight can take $2 L+1$ different values, are examined analytically and
numerically. The learning algorithm is based on the training of the continuous
perceptron and prediction following the clipped weights. The learning is
described by a new set of order parameters, composed of the overlaps between
the teacher and the continuous/clipped students. Different scenarios are
examined among them on-line learning with discrete/continuous transfer
functions and off-line Hebb learning. The generalization error of the clipped
weights decays asymptotically as $exp(-K \alpha^2)$/$exp(-e^{|\lambda|
\alpha})$ in the case of on-line learning with binary/continuous activation
functions, respectively, where $\alpha$ is the number of examples divided by N,
the size of the input vector and $K$ is a positive constant that decays
linearly with 1/L. For finite $N$ and $L$, a perfect agreement between the
discrete student and the teacher is obtained for $\alpha \propto \sqrt{L
\ln(NL)}$. A crossover to the generalization error $\propto 1/\alpha$,
characterized continuous weights with binary output, is obtained for synaptic
depth $L > O(\sqrt{N})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96672 </DOCNO>
Fredholm operators and Einstein metrics on conformally compact manifolds


  The main result of this paper is the existence of asymptotically hyperbolic
Einstein metrics with prescribed conformal infinity sufficiently close to that
of a given asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein metric with nonpositive
curvature. If the conformal infinities are sufficiently smooth, the resulting
Einstein metrics have optimal H\"older regularity at the boundary. The proof is
based on sharp Fredholm theorems for self-adjoint geometric linear elliptic
operators on asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83739 </DOCNO>
Looking Under the Hood : Tools for Diagnosing your Question Answering


  In this paper we analyze two question answering tasks : the TREC-8 question
answering task and a set of reading comprehension exams. First, we show that
Q/A systems perform better when there are multiple answer opportunities per
question. Next, we analyze common approaches to two subproblems: term overlap
for answer sentence identification, and answer typing for short answer
extraction. We present general tools for analyzing the strengths and
limitations of techniques for these subproblems. Our results quantify the
limitations of both term overlap and answer typing to distinguish between
competing answer candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127959 </DOCNO>
A new source detection algorithm using FDR


  The False Discovery Rate (FDR) method has recently been described by Miller
et al (2001), along with several examples of astrophysical applications. FDR is
a new statistical procedure due to Benjamini and Hochberg (1995) for
controlling the fraction of false positives when performing multiple hypothesis
testing. The importance of this method to source detection algorithms is
immediately clear. To explore the possibilities offered we have developed a new
task for performing source detection in radio-telescope images, Sfind 2.0,
which implements FDR. We compare Sfind 2.0 with two other source detection and
measurement tasks, Imsad and SExtractor, and comment on several issues arising
from the nature of the correlation between nearby pixels and the necessary
assumption of the null hypothesis. The strong suggestion is made that
implementing FDR as a threshold defining method in other existing
source-detection tasks is easy and worthwhile. We show that the constraint on
the fraction of false detections as specified by FDR holds true even for highly
correlated and realistic images. For the detection of true sources, which are
complex combinations of source-pixels, this constraint appears to be somewhat
less strict. It is still reliable enough, however, for a priori estimates of
the fraction of false source detections to be robust and realistic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3536 </DOCNO>
Kondo-lattice model: Application to the temperature-dependent electronic


  We present calculations for the temperature-dependent electronic structure
and magnetic properties of thin ferromagnetic EuO films. The treatment is based
on a combination of a multiband-Kondo lattice model with first-principles
TB-LMTO band structure calculations. The method avoids the problem of
double-counting of relevant interactions and takes into account the correct
symmetry of the atomic orbitals. We discuss the temperature-dependent
electronic structures of EuO(100) films in terms of quasiparticle densities of
states and quasiparticle band structures. The Curie temperature T_C of the EuO
films turns out to be strongly thickness-dependent, starting from a very low
value = 15K for the monolayer and reaching the bulk value at about 25 layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41235 </DOCNO>
Sub MeV Particles Detection and Identification in the MUNU detector


  We report on the performance of a 1 m$^{3}$ TPC filled with CF$_{4}$ at 3
bar, immersed in liquid scintillator and viewed by photomultipliers. Particle
detection, event identification and localization achieved by measuring both the
current signal and the scintillation light are presented. Particular features
of $\alpha$ particle detection are also discussed. Finally, the ${54}$Mn
photopeak, reconstructed from the Compton scattering and recoil angle is shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97585 </DOCNO>
The canonical solution operator to d-bar restricted to Bergman spaces


  In this paper we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the
canonical solution operator to $\overline \partial $ restricted to radial
symmetric Bergman spaces to be a Hilbert-Schmidt operator. We also discuss
compactness of the solution operator in spaces of entire functions in one
variable. In the sequel we consider several examples and also treat the case of
weighted spaces of entire functions in several variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128437 </DOCNO>
Does MOND follow from the CDM paradigm?


  In a recent paper, Kaplinghat and Turner (2001) (KT) advertise that MOND can
be derived naturally in the CDM paradigm. They actually proceed to produce a
more limited result: Every galaxy should have a transition radius, $r_t$, below
which baryons dominate, and above which dark matter (DM) takes over; the
acceleration at $r_t$ is nearly the same for all galaxies; and due to a
coincidences this is of order $a_0\sim cH_0$. This follows from their tacit,
intermediate result, whereby CDM halos of galaxies have a very nearly universal
acceleration profile $a(r)\approx v^2(r)/r\approx A\hat a(r/\ell)$, where A is
universal, and only the scale $\ell$ varies from halo to halo. (This remains so
when baryons are added because they assume a universal baryon-collapse factor.)
The KT scenario is phenomenologically wrong--observed galaxies are simply not
like that. For example, it precludes altogether the existence of LSB galaxies,
in which the acceleration is everywhere smaller than $a_0$. The
phenomenologically sound outcome--i.e., the role of $a_0$ as a transition
acceleration in high-surface-brightness galaxies--pertains to only a small part
of the statement of MOND. There are several other, independent roles that
$a_0\sim cH_0$ plays in MOND phenomenology, and other predictions of MOND, not
related to the value of $a_0$, that are not explainable in the KT scenario.
 The results of KT also disagree with those of CDM simulations, which, as they
now stand, do not reproduce any aspect of MOND phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97264 </DOCNO>
Vertex algebras and the formal loop space


  We introduce an algebro-geometric version of the free loop space for any
scheme X of finite type. This is an ind-scheme of ind-infinite type containing
the scheme of formal germs of curves on X. Then, we give a direct geometric
construction, for smooth X, of the chiral de Rham complex of X (introduced by
Malikov, Schechtman and Vaintrob).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148553 </DOCNO>
A new start for local composite operators


  We present a formalism for local composite operators. The corresponding
effective potential is unique, multiplicatively renormalizable, it is the sum
of 1PI diagrams and can be interpreted as an energy-density. First we apply
this method to $\lambda \Phi^4$ theory where we check renormalizability up to
three loops and secondly to the Coleman-Weinberg model where the gauge
independence of the effective potential for the local composite operator
$\phi\phi^*$ is explicitely checked up to two loops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149340 </DOCNO>
On the thermodynamic instability of LST


  The high energy thermodynamics of Little String Theory (LST) is known to be
unstable. An unresolved question is whether the corresponding instability in
LST holographic dual is of stringy or supergravity origin. We study UV
thermodynamics of a large metric deformation of the LST dual realized (in the
extremal case) by type IIB fivebranes wrapping a two-sphere of a resolved
conifold, and demonstrate that the resulting black hole has negative specific
heat. This explicitly shows that the high energy thermodynamic instability of
the LST holographic dual is of the supergravity origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126452 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission from young stars in Taurus-Auriga-Perseus: Luminosity


  We report on a systematic search for X-ray emission from pre-main sequence
and young main sequence stars in the Taurus-Auriga-Perseus region. Our stellar
sample consists of all T Tauri stars from the Taurus-Auriga region, and all
late-type stars from the Pleiades and Hyades clusters which have been observed
by the ROSAT PSPC in pointed observations. We present the X-ray parameters for
all observed stars in tables, and study the connection between coronal X-ray
activity and stellar parameters for different subgroups of our sample. In
particular we compile X-ray luminosity functions (XLF), and discuss the
relations between X-ray emission and spectral type, age, and rotation, on the
largest sample so far.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148436 </DOCNO>
Integrable Submodels of Nonlinear $\sigma$-models and Their


  In this thesis, we investigate various integral submodels and generalize
them. In part I, we study the submodel of the nonlinear $\mathbf{C}P^1$-model
and the related submodels in $(1+2)$ dimensions. In part II, we construct
integrable submodels of the nonlinear Grassmann models in any dimension. We
call them the Grassmann submodels. To show that our submodels are integrable,
we construct an infinite number of conserved currents in two ways. One is that
we make full use of the Noether currents of the nonlinear Grassmann models. The
other is that we use a method of multiplier. Next we investigate symmetries of
the Grassmann submodel. By using the symmetries, we can construct a wide class
of exact solutions for our submodels. In part III, keeping some properties of
our submodels, we generalize our submodels to higher-order equations. First we
prepare the Bell polynomials and the generalized Bell polynomials which play
the most important roles in our theory of generalized submodels. Next we
generalize the $\mathbf{C}P^1$-submodel to higher-order equations. Lastly we
generalize the Grassmann submodel to higher-order equations. By using the
generalized Bell polynomials, we can show that the generalized Grassmann
submodels are also integrable. As a result, we obtain a hierarchy of systems of
integrable equations in any dimension which includes Grassmann submodels. These
results lead to the conclusion that the integrable structures of our
generalized submodels are closely related to some fundamental properties of the
Bell polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125213 </DOCNO>
Density waves in the shearing sheet III. Disc heating


  The problem of dynamical heating of galactic discs by spiral density waves is
discussed using the shearing sheet model. The secular evolution of the disc is
described quantitatively by a diffusion equation for the distribution function
of stars in the space spanned by integrals of motion of the stars, in
particular the radial action integral and an integral related to the angular
momentum. Specifically, disc heating by a succession of transient, `swing
amplified' density waves is studied. It is shown that such density waves lead
predominantly to diffusion of stars in radial action space. The stochastical
changes of angular momenta of the stars and the corresponding stochastic
changes of the guiding centre radii of the stellar orbits induced by this
process are much smaller.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95976 </DOCNO>
Isospectral manifolds with different local geometries


  We construct several new classes of isospectral manifolds with different
local geometries. After reviewing a theorem by Carolyn Gordon on isospectral
torus bundles and presenting certain useful specialized versions (Chapter 1) we
apply these tools to construct the first examples of isospectral
four-dimensional manifolds which are not locally isometric (Chapter 2).
Moreover, we construct the first examples of isospectral left invariant metrics
on compact Lie groups (Chapter 3). Thereby we also obtain the first continuous
isospectral families of globally homogeneous manifolds and the first examples
of isospectral manifolds which are simply connected and irreducible. Finally,
we construct the first pairs of isospectral manifolds which are conformally
equivalent and not locally isometric (Chapter 4).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5050 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Fluctuations and the Reduced Dimensionality of the


  We report measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen (DHVA) effect and AC
susceptibility in the layered organic superconductor
$\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu(NCS)$_{2}$. The amplitude of the DHVA oscillations
is attenuated over a wide field range above the irreversibility line, B_irr(B),
below which a rigid flux lattice is formed. Thus the DHVA effect provides a
unique probe of the superconducting fluctuations at high fields in this
material. We compare our measurements with other determinations of the
superconducting phase diagram of $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu(NCS)$_{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5683 </DOCNO>
A Note on Invariants and Entanglements


  The quantum entanglements are studied in terms of the invariants under local
unitary transformations. A generalized formula of concurrence for
$N$-dimensional quantum systems is presented. This generalized concurrence has
potential applications in studying separability and calculating entanglement of
formation for high dimensional mixed quantum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6239 </DOCNO>
Spin-models of granular compaction: From one-dimensional models to


  We discuss two athermal types of dynamics suitable for spin-models designed
to model repeated tapping of a granular assembly. These dynamics are applied to
a range of models characterised by a 3-spin Hamiltonian aiming to capture the
geometric frustration in packings of granular matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76092 </DOCNO>
Inverse Beta Decay in a Nonequilibrium Antineutrino Flux from a Nuclear


  The evolution of the reactor antineutrino spectrum toward equilibrium above
the inverse beta-decay threshold during the reactor operating period and the
decay of residual antineutrino radiation after reactor shutdown are considered.
It is found that, under certain conditions, these processes can play a
significant role in experiments seeking neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168302 </DOCNO>
Teleportation with the entangled states of a beam splitter


  We present a teleportation protocol based upon the entanglement produced from
Fock states incident onto a beam splitter of arbitrary transmissivity. The
teleportation fidelity is analysed, its trends being explained from
consideration of a beam splitter's input/output characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87092 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Self-similar Disks


  We formulate and solve by semi-analytic means the axisymmetric equilibria of
relativistic self-similar disks of infinitesimal vertical thickness. These
disks are supported in the horizontal directions against their self-gravity by
a combination of isothermal (two-dimensional) pressure and a flat rotation
curve. The dragging of inertial frames restricts possible solutions to rotation
speeds that are always less than 0.438 times the speed of light, a result first
obtained by Lynden-Bell and Pineault in 1978 for a cold disk. We show that
prograde circular orbits of massive test particles exist and are stable for all
of our model disks, but retrograde circular orbits cannot be maintained with
particle velocities less than the speed of light once the disk develops an
ergoregion. We also compute photon trajectories, planar and non-planar, in the
resulting spacetime, for disks with and without ergoregions. We find that all
photon orbits, except for a set of measure zero, tend to be focused by the
gravity of the flattened mass-energy distribution toward the plane of the disk.
This result suggests that strongly relativistic, rapidly rotating, compact
objects may have difficulty ejecting collimated beams of matter or light along
the rotation axes until the flows get well beyond the flattened parts of the
relativistic mass distribution (which cannot happen in the self-similar models
considered in this paper).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5705 </DOCNO>
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage from an atomic to a molecular


  The process of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) provides a
possible route for the generation of a coherent molecular Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC) from an atomic BEC. We analyze this process in a
three-dimensional mean-field theory, including atom-atom interactions and
non-resonant intermediate levels. We find that the process is feasible, but at
larger Rabi frequencies than anticipated from a crude single-mode lossless
analysis, due to two-photon dephasing caused by the atomic interactions. We
then identify optimal strategies in STIRAP allowing one to maintain high
conversion efficiencies with smaller Rabi frequencies and under experimentally
less demanding conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73378 </DOCNO>
A simplified model for monopole catalysis of nucleon decay


  We present a simple model where a nucleon is treated as the Skyrmion, both
monopole and Skyrmion are smooth solutions of the classical field equations,the
baryon number non-conservation is explicitly built in and is due to the
classical analogue of the triangle anomaly, and there is no necessity to
consider leptons. We show by numerical analysis that there are no static
classical solutions with non-zero baryon number on top of the monopole, i.e.,
that the monopole catalysis of Skyrmion decay indeed proceeds classically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3630 </DOCNO>
Low-frequency current fluctuations in doped ladders


  Charge current static and dynamical correlations are computed by exact
diagonalisation methods on a 2-leg t-t'-J ladder which exhibits a sharp
transition between a Luther-Emery (LE) phase of hole pairs and a phase with
deconfined holes. In the LE phase, we find short-range low-energy
incommensurate current fluctuations which are intrinsically connected to the
internal charge dynamics within one hole pair. On the contrary, when holes
unbind, the maximum of the current susceptibility moves abruptly to the
commensurate wavevector $\pi$ and strongly increases for decreasing doping
suggesting an instability towards a staggered flux state at sufficiently small
doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 427 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Critical spin dynamics of the 2D quantum Heisenberg


  We compare the neutron measurements of Kim et al. (cond-mat/0012239) on
two-dimensional, S=1/2 antiferromagnets with the continuum quasiclassical
theory of S. Sachdev and O.A. Starykh (cond-mat/9904354). The damping of the
lowest energy spin excitations is characterized by a dimensionless number whose
temperature dependence was predicted to be determined entirely by that of the
uniform spin susceptibility. Theory and experiment are consistent with each
other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123867 </DOCNO>
Confidence limits of SN, Kinetic Energy and chemical yields in


  When evolutionary synthesis models take into account the stochastic nature of
the IMF together with the discrete number of stars in real stellar clusters,
typical output turns to dispersion band (where real data can be placed) instead
of narrow lines. We present here a qualitative analysis of such dispersion in
the SN rate, the kinetic energy and the 14N/12C ratio for different amounts of
mass transformed into stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7083 </DOCNO>
Single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes viewed as elastic tubes with


  The complete energy expression of a deformed single-walled carbon nanotube
(SWNT) is derived in the continuum limit from the local density approximation
model proposed by Lenosky {\it et al.} \lbrack Nature (London) {\bf 355}, 333
(1992)\rbrack and shows to be content with the classic shell theory by which
the Young's modulus, the Poisson ratio and the effective wall thickness of
SWNTs are obtained as $Y=4.70$TPa, $\nu=0.34$, $h=0.75{\rm \AA}$, respectively.
The elasticity of a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) is investigated as the
combination of the above SWNTs of layer distance $d=3.4 {\rm \AA}$ and the
Young's modulus of the MWNT is found to be an apparent function of the number
of layers, $N$, varying from 4.70TPa to 1.04TPa for N=1 to $\infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126127 </DOCNO>
Homogenization of the Stellar Population along Late-Type Spiral Galaxies


  We present a study of the broadband UBV color profiles for 257 Sbc barred and
non-barred galaxies. In our sample, the color gradients are negative (reddish
inward) in approximately 59% of the objects, are almost null in 27%, and are
positive in 14%, considering only the face-on galaxies, which represent
approximately 51% of the sample. We have also found that barred galaxies are
over-represented among the objects having null or positive gradients,
indicating that bars act as a mechanism of homogenization of the stellar
population. A correlation between the total and bulge colors was found, which
is a consequence of an underlying correlation between the colors of bulges and
disks found by others. Moreover, the mean total color is the same irrespective
of the gradient regime, while bulges are bluer in galaxies with null or
positive gradients, which indicates an increase of the star formation rate in
the central regions of these objects. We found no correlation between color and
O/H abundance gradients. We discuss this result considering a picture in which
bars are a relatively fast recurrent phenomenon. These results are not
compatible with a pure classical monolithic scenario for bulge and disk
formation. On the contrary, they favor a scenario where both these components
are evolving in a correlated process, in which stellar bars play a crucial
role.(Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86665 </DOCNO>
Stable singularities of wave-fronts in general relativity


  A wave-front in a space-time $\cal M$ is a family of null geodesics
orthogonal to a smooth spacelike two-surface in $\cal M$; it is of some
interest to know how a wave-front can fail to be a smoothly immersed surface in
$\cal M$. In this paper we see that the space of null geodesics $\cal N$ of
$\cal M$, considered as a contact manifold, provides a natural setting for an
efficient study of the stable singularities arising in the time evolution of
wave-fronts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86691 </DOCNO>
Quantum Gravity: a Progress Report


  The problem of reconciling general relativity and quantum theory has
fascinated and bedeviled physicists for more than 70 years. Despite recent
progress in string theory and loop quantum gravity, a complete solution remains
out of reach. I review the status of the continuing effort to quantize gravity,
emphasizing the underlying conceptual issues and the various attempts to come
to grips with them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124559 </DOCNO>
The metamorphosis of SN1998bw


  We present and discuss the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of the
peculiar SN1998bw, associated with GRB980425, through an analysis of optical
and near IR data collected at ESO-La Silla. The spectroscopic data, spanning
the period from day -9 to day +376 (relative to B maximum), have shown that
this SN was unprecedented, although somewhat similar to SN1997ef. Maximum
expansion velocities as high as 3x10^4 km/s to some extent mask its resemblance
to other Type Ic SNe. At intermediate phases, between photospheric and fully
nebular, the expansion velocities (~10^4 km/s) remained exceptionally high
compared to those of other recorded core-collapse SNe at a similar phase. The
mild linear polarization detected at early epochs suggests the presence of
asymmetry in the emitting material. The degree of asymmetry, however, cannot be
decoded from these measurements alone. The HeI 1.083 mu and 2.058 mu lines are
identified and He is suggested to lie in an outer region of the envelope. The
temporal behavior of the fluxes and profiles of emission lines of MgI]4571A,
[OI]6300,6364A and a feature ascribed to Fe are traced to stimulate future
modeling work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149101 </DOCNO>
Nonabelian D-branes and Noncommutative Geometry


  We discuss the nonabelian world-volume action which governs the dynamics of N
coincident Dp-branes. In this theory, the branes' transverse displacements are
described by matrix-valued scalar fields, and so this is a natural physical
framework for the appearance of noncommutative geometry. One example is the
dielectric effect by which Dp-branes may be polarized into a noncommutative
geometry by external fields. Another example is the appearance of
noncommutative geometries in the description of intersecting D-branes of
differing dimensions, such as D-strings ending on a D3- or D5-brane. We also
describe the related physics of giant gravitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123532 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulations of Dense Galactic Nuclei


  We have developed a new numerical code to simulate the joint evolution of a
massive black hole (MBH) and a surrounding stellar cluster at the center of a
galaxy. The physics treated in the simulations include: 2-body relaxation,
stellar collisions (using a large set of "SPH" hydrodynamical simulations) and
tidal disruption of stars by the MBH. In particular, we investigate the rates
of star disruptive events that provide the MBH with gas to accrete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127545 </DOCNO>
EUVE Observations of Nonmagnetic Cataclysmic Variables


  We summarize EUVE's contribution to the study of the boundary layer emission
of high accretion-rate nonmagnetic cataclysmic variables, especially the dwarf
novae SS Cyg, U Gem, VW Hyi, and OY Car in outburst. We discuss the optical and
EUV light curves of dwarf nova outbursts, the quasi-coherent oscillations of
the EUV flux of SS Cyg, the EUV spectra of dwarf novae, and the future of EUV
observations of cataclysmic variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6423 </DOCNO>
Equivalence of stationary state ensembles


  We show that the contact process in an ensemble with conserved total particle
number, as simulated recently by Tome and de Oliveira [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86
(2001) 5463], is equivalent to the ordinary contact process, in agreement with
what the authors assumed and believed. Similar conserved ensembles and
equivalence proofs are easily constructed for other models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86348 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Normal Modes of Schwarzschild Anti-De Sitter Black Holes:


  We study the quasi-normal modes (QNM) of electromagnetic and gravitational
perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically Anti-de Sitter
(AdS) spacetime. Some of the electromagnetic modes do not oscillate, they only
decay, since they have pure imaginary frequencies. The gravitational modes show
peculiar features: the odd and even gravitational perturbations no longer have
the same characteristic quasinormal frequencies. There is a special mode for
odd perturbations whose behavior differs completely from the usual one in
scalar and electromagnetic perturbation in an AdS spacetime, but has a similar
behavior to the Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically flat spacetime:
the imaginary part of the frequency goes as 1/r+, where r+ is the horizon
radius. We also investigate the small black hole limit showing that the
imaginary part of the frequency goes as r+^2. These results are important to
the AdS/CFT conjecture since according to it the QNMs describe the approach to
equilibrium in the conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2865 </DOCNO>
L\'evy statistics in coding and non-coding nucleotide sequences


  We propose a new method of statistical analysis of nucleotide sequences
yielding the true scaling without requiring any form of de-trending. With the
help of artificial sequences that are proved to be statistically equivalent to
the real DNA sequences we find that power-law correlations are present in both
coding and non-coding sequences, in accordance with the recent work of other
authors. We also afford a compelling evidence that these long-range
correlations generate L\'evy statistics in both types of sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128441 </DOCNO>
The Excitation and Metallicity of Galactic HII Regions from ISO-SWS


  We present mid-infrared ISO-SWS observations of the fine-structure emissions
lines [NeII]12.8, [NeIII]15.6, [NeIII]36, [ArII]6.9, [ArIII]8.9, [SIII]18.7,
[SIII]33.5, [SIV]10.5, and the recombination lines Br_alpha and Br_beta, in a
sample of 112 Galactic HII regions and 37 nearby extra-galactic HII regions in
the LMC, SMC, and M33. The Galactic sources have a wide range in galactocentric
distance (0<R<18kpc), which enables us to study excitation and metallicity
variations over large Galactic scales. We detect a steep rise in the
[NeIII]15.6/[NeII]12.8,[ArIII]8.9/[ArII]6.9, and [SIV]10.5/[SIII]33.5
excitation ratios from the inner Galaxy outwards, and a moderate decrease in
metallicity, from twice solar in the inner Galaxy to solar in the outer disk.
The extra galactic sources in our sample show low gas density, low metallicity
and high excitation. We find a good correlation between the neon and the argon
excitation ratios in our sample. The observed correlation is well-reproduced by
theoretical nebular models which incorporate new generation wind-driven NLTE
model stellar atmospheres for the photoionizing stars. In particular, the NLTE
atmospheres can account for the production of [NeIII] emission in the HII
regions. We conclude that the increase in nebular excitation with
galactocentric radius is due to an increase in stellar effective temperature
(as opposed to a hardening of the stellar SEDs due to the metallicity
gradient). The good fit between observations and our models support the
conclusion of Thornley et al. (2000), that the low neon ratios observed in
extra-galactic sources are due to global aging effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 558 </DOCNO>
The Hanbury Brown and Twiss Experiment with Fermions


  We realized an equivalent Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment for a beam of
electrons in a two dimensional electron gas in the quantum Hall regime. A
metallic split gate serves as a tunable beam splitter which is used to
partition the incident beam into transmitted and reflected partial beams. The
current fluctuations in the reflected and transmitted beam are fully
anticorrelated demonstrating that fermions tend to exclude each other
(anti-bunching). If the occupation probability of the incident beam is lowered
by an additional gate, the anticorrelation is reduced and disappears in the
classical limit of a highly diluted beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169356 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase gate for photonic qubits using only beam splitters and


  We show that a beam splitter of reflectivity one-third can be used to realize
a quantum phase gate operation if only the outputs conserving the number of
photons on each side are post-selected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5135 </DOCNO>
Proteinlike behavior of a spin system near the transition between


  A simple spin system is studied as an analog for proteins. We investigate how
the introduction of randomness and frustration into the system effects the
designability and stability of ground state configurations. We observe that the
spin system exhibits protein-like behavior in the vicinity of the transition
between ferromagnet and spin glass.
 Our results illuminate some guiding principles in protein evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41621 </DOCNO>
Hard and Soft Contributions in Diffraction


  We report our calculations on the logarithmic slope of the diffractive
structure function F_2^D considering distinct approaches coming from both the
pQCD and the Regge descriptions of diffractive DIS. Such a quantity is a
potential observable to discriminate between pQCD and Regge domains and allows
to disentangle the underlying dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126908 </DOCNO>
Statistical Properties of DLAs and sub-DLAs


  Quasar absorbers provide a powerful observational tool with which to probe
both galaxies and the intergalactic medium up to high redshift. We present a
study of the evolution of the column density distribution, f(N,z), and total
neutral hydrogen mass in high-column density quasar absorbers using data from a
recent high-redshift survey for damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) and Lyman limit system
(LLS) absorbers. Whilst in the redshift range 2 to 3.5, ~90% of the neutral HI
mass is in DLAs, we find that at z>3.5 this fraction drops to only 55% and that
the remaining 'missing' mass fraction of the neutral gas lies in sub-DLAs with
N(HI) 10^{19} - 2 * 10^{20} cm^{-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123435 </DOCNO>
SHEEP: the ASCA 5-10 keV survey


  We present the first results of the hard (5-10 keV) ASCA GIS survey SHEEP
(Search for the High Energy Extragalactic Population).
  We have analysed 149 fields covering an area of 39 sq. deg detecting 69
sources. Several of these appear to be associated with QSOs and Seyfert-1
galaxies but with hard X-ray spectra, probably due to high absorption. Indeed,
the hardness ratio analysis shows that the spectra of the majority of our
sources can be represented with a ``scatterer'' model similar to obscured
Seyfert galaxies locally.
  According to this model, our sources present high intrinsic absorption
(logN_H~23) but also significant amounts of soft X-ray emission coming from
scattered light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95640 </DOCNO>
Lie Algebras and Growth in Branch Groups


  We compute the structure of the Lie algebra associated to two examples of
branch groups, and show that one has finite width while the other has unbounded
width. This answers a question by Sidki. We then draw some general results
relating the growth of a branch group, of its Lie algebra, of its graded group
ring, and of a natural homogeneous space we call ``parabolic space.'' Finally
we use this information to completely and explicitly describe the normal
subgroups of the ``Grigorchuk group''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129488 </DOCNO>
The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000,


  (Abridged) We have used HST WFPC2 and ground-based spectroscopy to measure
the integrated extragalactic background light (EBL) at optical wavelengths. We
have also computed the integrated light from individual galaxy counts in the
images used to measure the EBL and in the Hubble Deep Field. We find that the
flux in galaxies as measured by standard galaxy photometry methods has
generally been underestimated by about 50%. Further, we find that the total
flux in individually detected galaxies is a factor of 2 to 3 less than the EBL
at 3000--8000A. We show that a significant fraction of the EBL may come from
normal galaxies at z<4, which are simply undetectable as a result of
K-corrections and cosmological surface brightness dimming. This is consistent
with recent redshift surveys at z<4. In the context of some simple models, we
discuss the constraints placed by the EBL on the evolution of the luminosity
density at z>1. Based on our optical EBL and published UV and IR EBL
measurements, we estimate that the total EBL from 0.1--1000 microns is 100+/-20
nW/m^2/sr. If the total EBL were produced entirely by stellar nucleosynthesis,
then we estimate that the total baryonic mass processed through stars is
Omega_* = 0.0062 (+/- 0.0022) h^{-2}, which corresponds to 0.33+/-0.12 Omega_B
for currently favored values of the baryon density. This estimate is smaller by
roughly 7% if 7 h_{0.7} nW/m^2/sr of the total EBL comes from accretion onto
central black holes. This estimate of Omega_* suggests that the universe has
been enriched to a total metal mass of 0.21(+/-0.13) Z_sun Omega_B. Our
estimate is consistent with other measurements of the cumulative metal mass
fraction of stars, stellar remnants, and the intracluster medium of galaxy
clusters in the local universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148291 </DOCNO>
Cutoff dependence and Lorentz invariance of the Casimir effect


  The Casimir force between two conducting planes is considered in both the
electromagnetic and scalar field cases. This is done by the usual summation
over energy eigenmodes of the system as well as by a calculation of the stress
tensor in the region between the planes. The latter case requires that careful
attention be given to singular operator products, an issue which is
accommodated here by invoking the point separation method in conjunction with a
scalar cutoff. This is shown to yield cutoff dependent and divergent
contributions to the Casimir pressure which are dependent on the separation
parameters, but entirely consistent with Lorentz covariance. Averaging over the
point splitting parameters allows finite results to be obtained, but fails to
yield a unique Casimir force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148998 </DOCNO>
Four-dimensional Lattice Gauge Theory with ribbon categories and the


  Lattice Gauge Theory in 4-dimensional Euclidean space-time is generalized to
ribbon categories which replace the category of representations of the gauge
group. This provides a framework in which the gauge group becomes a quantum
group while space-time is still given by the `classical' lattice. At the
technical level, this construction generalizes the Spin Foam Model dual to
Lattice Gauge Theory and defines the partition function for a given
triangulation of a closed and oriented piecewise-linear 4-manifold. This
definition encompasses both the standard formulation of d=4 pure Yang-Mills
theory on a lattice and the Crane-Yetter invariant of 4-manifolds. The
construction also implies that a certain class of Spin Foam Models formulated
using ribbon categories are well-defined even if they do not correspond to a
Topological Quantum Field Theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95675 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalues, inequalities and ergodic theory


  This paper surveys the main results obtained during the period 1992-1999 on
three aspects mentioned at the title. The first result is a new and general
variational formula for the lower bound of spectral gap (i.e., the first
non-trivial eigenvalue) of elliptic operators in Euclidean space, Laplacian on
Riemannian manifolds or Markov chains (\S 1). Here, a probabilistic
method-coupling method is adopted. The new formula is a dual of the classical
variational formula. The last formula is actually equivalent to Poincar\'e
inequality. To which, there are closely related logarithmic Sobolev inequality,
Nash inequality, Liggett inequality and so on. These inequalities are treated
in a unified way by using Cheeger's method which comes from Riemannian
geometry. This consists of \S 2. The results on these two aspects are mainly
completed by the author joint with F. Y. Wang. Furthermore, a diagram of the
inequalities and the traditional three types of ergodicity is presented (\S 3).
The diagram extends the ergodic theory of Markov processes. The details of the
methods used in the paper will be explained in a subsequent paper under the
same title.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6956 </DOCNO>
Spectral Properties of High-T$_c$ Cuprates via a Cluster-Perturbation


  Angular-resolved photoemission data on half-filled doped cuprate materials
are compared with an exact-diagonalization analysis of the three-band Hubbard
model, which is extended to the infinite lattice by means of a perturbation in
the intercluster hopping (cluster perturbation theory). A study of the band
dispersion and spectral weight of the insulating cuprate Sr$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$
allows us to fix a consistent parameter set, which turns out to be appropriate
at finite dopings as well. In the overdoped regime, our results for the
spectral weight and for the Fermi surface give a good description of the
experimental data on Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$. In particular, the
Fermi surface is hole-like and centered around $k=(\pi,\pi)$. Finally, we
introduce a hopping between two layers and address the issue of bilayer
splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127721 </DOCNO>
Determination of cosmology and evolution from K-band magnitude-redshift


  We determine cosmological and evolutionary parameters from the 3CR K-band
Hubble diagram and K-band number counts, assuming that the galaxies in question
undergo pure luminosity evolution. Separately the two data sets are highly
degenerate with respect to choice of cosmological and evolutionary parameters,
but in combination the degeneracy is resolved. Of models which are either flat
or have $\Omega_\Lambda=0$, the preferred ones are close to the canonical case
$\Omega_\CdM=1$, $\Omega_\Lambda=0$, with luminosity evolution amounting to one
magnitude brighter at z=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125343 </DOCNO>
RXTE Observations of the Microquasar GRS 1915+105


  We analyse a set of three RXTE Target of Opportunity observations of the
Galactic microquasar GRS 1915+105, observed in April 2000. We concentrate on
the timing properties of the source, and examine the properties of a low
frequency QPO, with its harmonic, in several energy ranges. The source was
found in two different states of the spectro/temporal classification of Belloni
et al. (2000), and exhibited in the three observations a strong, low frequency
QPO together with a strong harmonic. We discuss the properties of the QPO, of
its harmonic and of their spectral behaviour in the framework of the Accretion
Ejection Instability (AEI) (Tagger & Pellat, 1999; Varni\`ere, Rodriguez &
Tagger, 2001; Rodriguez et al., 2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2393 </DOCNO>
Linear and Nonlinear Ac Response of MgB2 Superconductors


  We report the experimental study of linear and nonlinear ac properties of two
types of samples of MgB2 prepared by different technologies. A commercial
sample (Alfa Aesar) demonstrates two stages of a broad phase transition,
whereas home-made metallic sample have one sharp transition. The temperature
dependence of the rectified signal shows two peaks for the commercial and one
peak for the metallic samples. Two types of weak links (intergrain and
intragrain) are responsible for the nonlinear response of these samples. The
properties of these weak links are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168088 </DOCNO>
Bell's theorem for general N-qubit states


  We derive a single general Bell inequality which is a sufficient and
necessary condition for the correlation function for N particles to be
describable in a local and realistic picture, for the case in which
measurements on each particle can be chosen between two arbitrary dichotomic
observables. We also derive a necessary and sufficient condition for an
arbitrary N-qubit mixed state to violate this inequality. This condition is a
generalization and reformulation of the Horodeccy Family condition for two
qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99039 </DOCNO>
Gap-labelling for quasi-crystals (proving a conjecture by J. Bellissard)


  In the present paper, we give a proof of the gap-labelling conjecture for
quasi-crystals. The main tools are the measured index theorem for laminations
and a naturality of the longitudinal Chern character.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125329 </DOCNO>
Magnetized Astrophysical Outflows: Cradle to Grave, Source to Effect


  We discuss the propagation of radiative MHD jets and outflows focusing on
outflows driven by magneto-centrifugal rotators. Our goal is to link the
properties of the jets with the physics of the sources which produce them. We
find that density and magnetic field stratification (with radius) in jets from
magnetized rotators leads to new behavior including the development of a dense
inner jet core and a low density collar. We also report on more general studies
of ambipolar diffusion and field geometry in pulsed jets. Finally we describe a
new work designed to study the effects of magnetized winds on circumstellar
environments appropriate to YSOs and PNe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75529 </DOCNO>
Three Family N=1 SUSY Models from Z_n Orbifolded AdS/CFT


  We present an analysis of compactifications of the type IIB superstring on
AdS_5 x S^5 / \Gamma, where \Gamma is an abelian cyclic group. Every \Gamma
=Z_n of order n<= 12 is considered. This results in 60 chiral models, and a
systematic analysis with n<8 yields four containing the minimal SUSY standard
model with three families. One of these models extends to an infinite sequence
of three-family MSSMs. We also give a lower bound on the number of chiral
models for all values of n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96408 </DOCNO>
Convolution of invariant distributions: Proof of the Kashiwara-Vergne


  Consider the Kontsevich $\star$-product on the symmetric algebra of a finite
dimensional Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$, regarded as the algebra of distributions
with support 0 on $\mathfrak g$. In this paper, we extend this $\star$-product
to distributions satisfying an appropriate support condition. As a consequence,
we prove a long standing conjecture of Kashiwara-Vergne on the convolution of
germs of invariant distributions on the Lie group $G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148112 </DOCNO>
On Mediating Supersymmetry Breaking in D-brane Models


  We consider the 3+1 visible sector to live on a Hanany-Witten D-brane
construction in type IIA string theory. The messenger sector consists of
stretched strings from the visible brane to a hidden D6-brane in the extra
spatial dimensions. In the open string channel supersymmetry is broken by gauge
mediation while in the closed string channel supersymmetry is broken by gravity
mediation. Hence, we call this kind of mediation ``string mediation''. We
propose an extension of the Dimopoulos-Georgi theorem to brane models: only
detached probe branes can break supersymmetry without generating a tachyon.
Fermion masses are generated at one loop if the branes break a sufficient
amount of the ten dimensional Lorentz group while scalar potentials are
generated if there is a force between the visible brane and the hidden brane.
Scalars can be lifted at two loops through a combination of brane bending and
brane forces. We find a large class of stable non-supersymmetric brane
configurations of ten dimensinoal string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6629 </DOCNO>
Colossal magnetoresistive manganite thin films


  Mixed-valence perovskite manganites (Re$_{1-x}$A$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ where Re=rare
earth, A=alkaline earth) provide a unique opportunity to study the
relationships between the structure and the magnetotransport properties due to
an interplay among charge carriers, magnetic coupling, orbital ordering and
structural distortion. This makes these compounds very exciting from both the
basic research and from the technological view point. As the technology pursued
with these materials requires film growth, extensive studies have been made on
materials synthesis, structural and physical characterization and device
fabrication. In this article, the results of the different experimental
techniques and the effects of the deposition procedure of the manganite thin
films are first reviewed. Second, the relation between the structural and the
physical properties mentioned, and the influence of strains discussed.\
Finally, possible applications of manganite thin films for spin electronics are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125129 </DOCNO>
An Empirical Ultraviolet Template for Iron Emission in Quasars as


  We present an empirical template spectrum suitable for fitting/subtracting
and studying the FeII and FeIII line emission in the restframe UV spectra of
active galatic nuclei (AGNs), the first empirical UV iron template to cover the
full 1250 - 3090 A range. Iron emission is often a severe contaminant in
optical--UV spectra of AGNs. Its presence complicates and limits the accuracy
of measurements of both strong and weak emission lines and the continuum
emission, affecting studies of line and continuum interrelations, the
ionization structure, and elemental abundances in AGNs. Despite the wealth of
work on modeling the AGN FeII emission and the need to account for it in
observed AGN spectra, there is no UV template electronically available to aid
this process. The iron template we present is based on HST spectra of the
Narrow Line Seyfert 1, IZw1. Its intrinsic narrow lines (~900 km/s) and rich
iron spectrum make the template particularly suitable for use with most AGN
spectra. The iron emission spectrum and the line identifications and
measurements are presented and compared with the work of Laor et al. We
illustrate the application of the derived FeII and FeIII templates by fitting
and subtracting the iron emission from UV spectra of four high-z quasars and of
the nearby quasar, 3C273. We briefly discuss the small discrepancies between
this observed iron emission and the UV template, and compare the template with
previously published ones. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the
templates and of the template fitting method. We conclude that the templates
work sufficiently well to be a valuable and important tool for eliminating and
studying the iron emission in AGNs, at least until accurate theoretical iron
emission models are developed. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129448 </DOCNO>
Searching for Clusters of Galaxies with SUMSS


  Statistical overdensities of radio sources in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS)
catalogue have proven to be signposts to high-redshift clusters of galaxies. A
similar search for overdensities has been carried out in the Sydney University
Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS), which is closely matched in resolution and
frequency to the NVSS. Sixty potential southern-hemisphere clusters have been
found in SUMSS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97326 </DOCNO>
Cohomology of trivial extensions of Frobenius algebras


  We obtain a decomposition for the Hochschild cochain complex of a split
algebra and we study some properties of the cohomology of each term of this
decomposition. Then, we consider the case of trivial extensions, specially of
Frobenius algebras. In particular, we determine completely the cohomology of
the trivial extension of a finite dimensional Hopf algebra. Finally, as an
application, we obtain a result about the Hochschild cohomology of Frobenius
algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75772 </DOCNO>
Colour chiral solitons in low energy QCD


  We derive an effective colour chiral action with a background gauge field.
The action describes configurations of soliton-skyrmion type. Kinetic term
constant $f_0^2$, analogue of $f_\pi ^2$, is a phenomenological dimensional
parameter of the model; $d=4$ terms are unique up to the choice of background
gauge field. The case of SU(2) colour group is discussed in detail. We study an
isolated configuration, i.e. a configuration in a background field which is the
vacuum field forming the gluon condensate. Thereby we introduce the condensate
energy as a second parameter and scale. Compared with the case of flavor
skyrmion configuration, the colour chiral action contains a piece with slowly
decreasing terms coming from the background vacuum field. Asymptotic behaviour
at large distances shows exponential decrease for the case of chromomagnetic
condensates and periodic otherwise . This defines a stability region for a
colour soliton. The mass is given by the positive definite integrand for a
soliton of purely bosonization origin. Contribution from the Yang-Mills action
of the background colour field has the sign opposite to bosonization part. The
baryon number current is not influenced by the background field and leads to
the standard baryon number $B=N_F/N_C$ . For $B=1/3$ we evaluated the estimate
from above $M\approx 460$ $Mev$ .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149668 </DOCNO>
Five-Branes in Heterotic Brane-World Theories


  The effective action for five-dimensional heterotic M-theory in the presence
of five-branes is systematically derived from Horava-Witten theory coupled to
an M5-brane world-volume theory. This leads to a five-dimensional N=1 gauged
supergravity theory on S^1/Z_2 coupled to four-dimensional N=1 theories
residing on the two orbifold fixed planes and an additional bulk three-brane.
We analyse the properties of this action, particularly the four-dimensional
effective theory associated with the domain-wall vacuum state. The moduli
Kahler potential and the gauge-kinetic functions are determined along with the
explicit relations between four-dimensional superfields and five-dimensional
component fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126905 </DOCNO>
The puzzle of the synthesis of the rare nuclide 138La


  The calculations of the p-process in the O/Ne layers of Type II supernovae
are quite successful in reproducung the solar system content of p-nuclides.
They predict, however, a significant underproduction of the rare odd-odd
nuclide 138La. A model for the explosion of a 25 Mo star with solar metallicity
is used to suggest that electron neutrino captures on 138Ba may well be its
most efficient production mechanism. The responsibility of an inadequate
prediction of the 138La and 139La photodisintegration rates in the too low
production of 138La is also examined quantitatively. A detailed discussion of
the theoretical uncertainties in these rates suggest that the required rate
changes are probably too high to be fully plausible. Their measurement would be
most welcome. They would help disentangling the relative contributions of
thermonuclear and neutrino processes to the 138La production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96122 </DOCNO>
Effects of Finite-Precision Arithmetic on Interior-Point Methods for


  We show that the effects of finite-precision arithmetic in forming and
solving the linear system that arises at each iteration of primal-dual
interior-point algorithms for nonlinear programming are benign, provided that
the iterates satisfy centrality and feasibility conditions of the type usually
associated with path-following methods. When we replace the standard assumption
that the active constraint gradients are independent by the weaker
Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification, rapid convergence usually is
attainable, even when cancellation and roundoff errors occur during the
calculations. In deriving our main results, we prove a key technical result
about the size of the exact primal-dual step. This result can be used to modify
existing analysis of primal-dual interior-point methods for convex programming,
making it possible to extend the superlinear local convergence results to the
nonconvex case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73775 </DOCNO>
Three loop gauge beta-function for the most general single


  We calculate the three loop contribution to the beta-function of the gauge
coupling constant in a general, anomaly-free, renormalisable gauge field theory
involving a single gauge coupling using the background field method in the
MSbar scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4501 </DOCNO>
Effect of hydrogen on ground state structures of small silicon clusters


  We present results for ground state structures of small Si$_{n}$H (2 \leq
\emph{n} \leq 10) clusters using the Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics. In
particular, we focus on how the addition of a hydrogen atom affects the ground
state geometry, total energy and the first excited electronic level gap of an
Si$_{n}$ cluster. We discuss the nature of bonding of hydrogen in these
clusters. We find that hydrogen bonds with two silicon atoms only in Si$_{2}$H,
Si$_{3}$H and Si$_{5}$H clusters, while in other clusters (i.e. Si$_{4}$H,
Si$_{6}$H, Si$_{7}$H, Si$_{8}$H, Si$_{9}$H and Si$_{10}$H) hydrogen is bonded
to only one silicon atom. Also in the case of a compact and closed silicon
cluster hydrogen bonds to the cluster from outside. We find that the first
excited electronic level gap of Si$_{n}$ and Si$_{n}$H fluctuates as a function
of size and this may provide a first principles basis for the short-range
potential fluctuations in hydrogenated amorphous silicon. Our results show that
the addition of a single hydrogen can cause large changes in the electronic
structure of a silicon cluster, though the geometry is not much affected. Our
calculation of the lowest energy fragmentation products of Si$_{n}$H clusters
shows that hydrogen is easily removed from Si$_{n}$H clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41792 </DOCNO>
The ANTARES Optical Module


  The ANTARES collaboration is building a deep sea neutrino telescope in the
Mediterranean Sea. This detector will cover a sensitive area of typically 0.1
km-squared and will be equipped with about 1000 optical modules. Each of these
optical modules consists of a large area photomultiplier and its associated
electronics housed in a pressure resistant glass sphere. The design of the
ANTARES optical module, which is a key element of the detector, has been
finalized following extensive R & D studies and is reviewed here in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3818 </DOCNO>
Positive Feedback, Memory and the Predictability of Earthquakes


  We review the "critical point" concept for large earthquakes and enlarge it
in the framework of so-called "finite-time singularities". The singular
behavior associated with accelerated seismic release is shown to result from a
positive feedback of the seismic activity on its release rate. The most
important mechanisms for such positive feedback are presented. We introduce and
solve analytically a novel simple model of geometrical positive feedback in
which the stress shadow cast by the last large earthquake is progressively
fragmented by the increasing tectonic stress. Finally, we present a somewhat
speculative figure that tends to support a mechanism based on the decay of
stress shadows. This figure suggests that a large earthquake in Southern
California of size similar to the 1812 great event is maturing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41384 </DOCNO>
Preliminary Measurement of the Differential Cross Section from


  Preliminary results for the neutrino-nucleon differential cross section from
the NuTeV experiment are presented. The extraction of the differential cross
section from NuTeV is discussed and the structure functions $F_2$ and $\Delta
xF_3$ are presented. Comparisons are made with CCFR results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179098 </DOCNO>
Topological susceptibility at zero and finite temperature in the


  We consider the three flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the 't Hooft
interaction incorporating the U(1)_A anomaly. In order to set the coupling
strength of the 't Hooft term, we employ the topological susceptibility $\chi$
instead of the eta' meson mass. The value for $\chi$ is taken from lattice
simulations. We also calculate $\chi$ at finite temperature within the model.
Comparing it with the lattice data, we extract information about the behavior
of the U(1)_A anomaly at finite temperature. We conclude that within the
present framework, the effective restoration of the U(1)_A symmetry does not
necessarily take place even at high temperature where the chiral symmetry is
restored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87056 </DOCNO>
Low-energy scattering of extremal black holes by neutral matter


  We investigate the decay of a spherically symmetric near-extremal charged
black hole, including back-reaction effects, in the near-horizon region. The
non-locality of the effective action controlling this process allows and also
forces us to introduce a complementary set of boundary conditions which permit
to determine the asymptotic late time Hawking flux. The evaporation rate goes
down exponentially and admits an infinite series expansion in Planck's
constant. At leading order it is proportional to the total mass and the higher
order terms involve higher order momenta of the classical stress-tensor.
Moreover we use this late time behaviour to go beyond the near-horizon
approximation and comment on the implications for the information loss paradox.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126248 </DOCNO>
Optical identifications of $\sim 4000$ radio sources at the 1 mJy level


  We present an analysis of the properties of optical counterparts of radio
sources down to 1 mJy. Optical identifications have been obtained by matching
together objects from the APM and FIRST surveys over the region
$148.13^\circ\simlt {\rm RA(2000)}\simlt 218.13^\circ$, $-2.77^\circ\simlt {\rm
Dec} \simlt 2.25^\circ$. Selecting radio sources down to 1 mJy, and adopting a
uniform optical limit of $b_J = 21.5$ we find 3176 have a counterpart in the
APM catalogue, corresponding to 13 per cent of the radio sample.
  For $b_J \le 20.5$ we can divide radio sources into resolved radio galaxies
and stellar-like objects (principally QSO). We find the population of radio
galaxies to be mainly made by early-type galaxies with very red colours
($b_J-R$ up to $\sim 4$) and a radio-to-optical ratio $10^2\simlt r\simlt
10^4$. The contribution of starbursting objects is negligible. In general QSO
show $r\simgt 10^4$ and $0\simlt b_J -R \simlt 1$. On the basis of the $R$
magnitudes, we estimate the sample of radio galaxies to be complete up to
$z\simeq 0.3$. We can therefore divide the whole sample of radio sources into a
low-z and high-z population. The low-z one includes the objects identified as
galaxies in the APM survey, the high-z one includes sources either identified
as QSO or with no optical counterpart for $b_J \le 20.5$.
  We find that radio galaxies are strongly clustered and highly biased tracers
of the underlying mass distribution. Models for the angular correlation
function $w(\theta)$ show good agreement with the observations if we assume a
bias factor $b\simeq 2$ at $z\simeq 0.3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4339 </DOCNO>
BCS Theory for Binary Systems with 2D Electrons


  MgB_2 is considered as a binary system with 2D electrons. The classic BCS
theory is applied to this system. The transition temperature is found to be
relatively high, because 2D electrons are more capable of moving with the
atoms, on top of other features of this system to enhance the electron-phonon
interaction. This system may also shed light on the nature of superconductivity
in cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83674 </DOCNO>
Solving Assembly Line Balancing Problems by Combining IP and CP


  Assembly line balancing problems consist in partitioning the work necessary
to assemble a number of products among different stations of an assembly line.
We present a hybrid approach for solving such problems, which combines
constraint programming and integer programming.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148227 </DOCNO>
Restoration of Chiral Symmetry: A Supergravity Perspective


  The supergravity dual of $N$ regular and $M$ fractional D3-branes on the
conifold has a naked singularity in the infrared. Supersymmetric resolution of
this singularity requires deforming the conifold: this is the supergravity dual
of chiral symmetry breaking. Buchel suggested that at sufficiently high
temperature there is no need to deform the conifold: the singularity may be
cloaked by a horizon. This would be the supergravity manifestation of chiral
symmetry restoration. In previous work [hep-th/0102105] the ansatz and the
system of second-order radial differential equations necessary to find such a
solution were written down. In this paper we find smooth solutions to this
system in a perturbation theory that is valid when the Hawking temperature of
the horizon is very high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76163 </DOCNO>
Radiative rare kaon decays


  We discuss theoretical issues in radiative rare kaon decays. The interest is
twofold: to extract useful short-distance information and understand the
underlying dynamics. We emphasize channels where either we can understand
non-perturbative aspects of QCD or there is a chance to test the Standard
Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75434 </DOCNO>
A Critical Examination to the Unitarized $\pi\pi$ Scattering Chiral


  We discuss the Pad\'e approximation to the $\pi\pi$ scattering amplitudes in
1--loop chiral perturbation theory. The approximation restores unitarity and
can reproduce the correct resonance poles, but the approximation violates
crossing symmetry and produce spurious poles on the complex $s$ plane and
therefore plagues its predictions on physical quantities at quantitative level.
However we find that one virtual state in the IJ=20 channel may have physical
relevance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99232 </DOCNO>
An extremum property characterizing the n-dimensional regular


  In the spirit of the Genetics of the Regular Figures, by L. Fejes T\'oth, we
prove the following theorem: If $2n$ points are selected in the $n$-dimensional
Euclidean ball $B^n$ so that the smallest distance between any two of them is
as large as possible, then the points are the vertices of an inscribed regular
cross-polytope. This generalizes a result of R. A. Rankin for $2n$ points on
the surface of the ball. We also generalize, in the same manner, a theorem of
Davenport and Haj\'os on a set of $n+2$ points. As a corollary, we obtain a
solution to the problem of packing $k$ unit $n$-dimensional balls $(n+2\le k\le
2n)$ into a spherical container of minimum radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96480 </DOCNO>
Dispersionless limit of Hirota equations in some problems of complex


  The integrable structure, recently revealed in some classical problems of the
theory of functions in one complex variable, is discussed. Given a simply
connected domain in the complex plane, bounded by a simple analytic curve, we
consider the conformal mapping problem, the Dirichlet boundary problem, and to
the 2D inverse potential problem associated with the domain. A remarkable
family of real-valued functionals on the space of such domains is constructed.
Regarded as a function of infinitely many variables, which are properly defined
moments of the domain, any functional from the family gives a formal solution
to the problems listed above. These functions are shown to obey an infinite set
of dispersionless Hirota equations. This means that they are $\tau$-functions
of an integrable hierarchy. The hierarchy is identified with the dispersionless
limit of the 2D Toda lattice. In addition to our previous studies, we show
that, with a more general definition of the moments, this connection is not
specific for any particular solution to the Hirota equations but reflects the
structure of the hierarchy itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179101 </DOCNO>
Pairing Properties In Relativistic Mean Field Models Obtained From


  We apply recently developed effective field theory nuclear models in mean
field approximation (parameter sets G1 and G2) to describe ground-state
properties of nuclei from the valley of $\beta$-stability up to the drip lines.
For faster calculations of open-shell nuclei we employ a modified BCS approach
which takes into account quasi-bound levels owing to their centrifugal barrier,
with a constant pairing strength. We test this simple prescription by comparing
with available Hartree-plus-Bogoliubov results. Using the new effective
parameter sets we then compute separation energies, density distributions and
spin--orbit potentials in isotopic (isotonic) chains of nuclei with magic
neutron (proton) numbers. The new forces describe the experimental systematics
similarly to conventional non-linear $\sigma-\omega$ relativistic force
parameters like NL3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129672 </DOCNO>
Quasar clustering redshift distortion constraints on dark energy


  Redshift distortions, both geometrical and kinematical, of quasar clustering
are simulated, for the Two-Degree Field QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ), showing that
they are very effective to constrain the cosmological density and equation of
state parameters, Omega_{m0}, Omega_{x0} and w. Particularly, it emerges that,
for the cosmological constant case, the test is especially sensitive to the
difference Omega_{m0} - Omega_{Lambda 0}, whereas, for the spatially flat case,
it is quite competitive with future supernova and galaxy count tests, besides
being complimentary to them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150201 </DOCNO>
Gravitational fields on a noncommutative space


  Noncommutative three-dimensional gravity can be described in terms of a
noncommutative Chern-Simons theory. We extend this structure and also propose
an action for gravitational fields on an even dimensional noncommutative space.
The action is worked out in some detail for fields on a noncommutative ${\bf
CP}^2$ and on $S^4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86191 </DOCNO>
A Proposed Absolute Entropy of Near Extremal Kerr-Newman Black Hole


  Some problems have been found as to the definition of entropy of black hole
being applied to the extremal Kerr-Newman case, which has conflicts with the
third law of thermodynamics. We have proposed a new modification for the near
extremal one, which not only obeys the third law, but also does not conflict
with other results in black hole thermodynamics. Then we proved that the inner
horizon has temperature and proposed that the inner horizon contributes to the
entropy of the near extremal one so that the entropy of it has a modified form
and vanishes at absolute zero temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86747 </DOCNO>
Superconnections, Anomalies and Non-BPS Brane Charges


  The properties of brane-antibrane systems and systems of unstable D-branes in
Type II superstring theory are investigated using the formalism of
superconnections. The low-energy open string dynamics is shown to be probed by
generalized Dirac operators. The corresponding index theorems are used to
compute the chiral gauge anomalies in these systems, and hence their
gravitational and Ramond-Ramond couplings. A spectral action for the
generalized Dirac operators is also computed and shown to exhibit precisely the
expected processes of tachyon condensation on the brane worldvolumes. The
Chern-Simons couplings are thereby shown to be naturally related to Fredholm
modules and bivariant K-theory, confirming the expectations that D-brane charge
is properly classified by K-homology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 542 </DOCNO>
Interplay between spin-density-wave and superconducting states in


  The interference between spin-density-wave and superconducting instabilities
in quasi-one-dimensional correlated metals is analyzed using the
renormalization group method. At the one-loop level, we show how the
interference leads to a continuous crossover from a spin-density-wave state to
unconventional superconductivity when deviations from perfect nesting of the
Fermi surface exceed a critical value. Singlet pairing between electrons on
neighboring stacks is found to be the most favorable symmetry for
superconductivity. The consequences of non uniform spin-density-wave pairing on
the structure of phase diagram within the crossover region is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98634 </DOCNO>
Reflection quotients in Riemannian Geometry. A Geometric Converse to


  Chevalley's theorem and it's converse, the Sheppard-Todd theorem, assert that
finite reflection groups are distinguished by the fact that the ring of
invariant polynomials is freely generated. We show that in the Euclidean case,
a weaker condition suffices to characterize finite reflection groups, namely
that a freely-generated polynomial subring is closed with respect to the
gradient product.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4376 </DOCNO>
High-T_c Superconductivity of van der Waals Condensates


  The paper considers the possibility of superconductivity setting in when the
distance a_B between molecules (atoms) is such that a_F < a_B < a_W, where a_F
and a_W are the equilibrium separations in Fermi metals and van der Waals
insulators. The last has no band sructure. This is the binding energy region
40--60 kJ/mol. However, neither stretch of metals ("dilution" by insulators)
nor compression of insulators to a=a_B produce substances stable under normal
conditions. It was proposed to stabilize such substances prepared of insulators
by adsorbing their atoms (molecules) on metal catalysts to obtain
(Metal)(Insulator)_X-type systems for X > 1. The well-known method of metal
sputtering in a gaseous atmosphere has used to successfully obtain such
"sorption compounds" and collect with magnetic funnels clusters of diamagnetic
particles kept suspended in a magnetic field gradient ~100 G/cm at 300 K (the
levitation effect).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5002 </DOCNO>
Decay rate of a Wannier exciton in low dimensional systems


  The superradiant decay rate of Wannier exciton in one dimensional system is
studied. The crossover behavior from 1D chain to 2D film is also examined. It
is found that the decay rate shows oscillatory dependence on channel width L.
When the quasi 1-D channel is embeded with planar microcavities, it is shown
that the dark mode exciton can be examined experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113700 </DOCNO>
Adsorption of CO on a Platinum (111) surface - a study within a


  We report on results of a theoretical study of the adsorption process of a
single carbon oxide molecule on a Platinum (111) surface. A four-component
relativistic density functional method was applied to account for a proper
description of the strong relativistic effects. A limited number of atoms in
the framework of a cluster approach is used to describe the surface. Different
adsorption sites are investigated. We found that CO is preferably adsorbed at
the top position.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86010 </DOCNO>
Quasiequilibrium sequences of synchronized and irrotational binary


  We study equilibrium sequences of close binary systems composed of identical
polytropic stars in Newtonian gravity. The solving method is a multi-domain
spectral method which we have recently developed. An improvement is introduced
here for accurate computations of binary systems with stiff equation of state
($\gamma > 2$). The computations are performed for both cases of synchronized
and irrotational binary systems with adiabatic indices $\gamma=3,~2.5,~2.25,~2$
and 1.8. It is found that the turning points of total energy along a
constant-mass sequence appear only for $\gamma \ge 1.8$ for synchronized binary
systems and $\gamma \ge 2.3$ for irrotational ones. In the synchronized case,
the equilibrium sequences terminate by the contact between the two stars. On
the other hand, for irrotational binaries, it is found that the sequences
terminate at a mass shedding limit which corresponds to a detached
configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149554 </DOCNO>
Functional Closure of Schwinger-Dyson Equations in Quantum


  Using functional derivatives with respect to free propagators and
interactions we derive a closed set of Schwinger-Dyson equations in quantum
electrodynamics. Its conversion to graphical recursion relations allows us to
systematically generate all connected and one-particle irreducible Feynman
diagrams for the $n$-point functions and the vacuum energy together with their
correct weights.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149357 </DOCNO>
Dilaton spacetimes with a Liouville potential


  We find and study solutions to the Einstein equations in D dimensions coupled
to a scalar field source with a Liouville potential under the assumption of D-2
planar symmetry. The general static or time-dependent solutions are found
yielding three classes of SO(D-2) symmetric spacetimes. In D=4 homogeneous and
isotropic subsets of these solutions yield planar scalar field cosmologies. In
D=5 they represent the general static or time-dependent backgrounds for a
dilatonic wall-type brane Universe of planar cosmological symmetry. Here we
apply these solutions as SO(8) symmetric backgrounds to non-supersymmetric 10
dimensional string theories, the open USp(32) type I string and the heterotic
string SO(16)XSO(16). We obtain the general SO(9) solutions as a particular
case. All static solutions are found to be singular with the singularity
sometimes hidden by a horizon. The solutions are not asymptotically flat or of
constant curvature. The singular behavior is no longer true once we permit
space and time dependence of the spacetime metric much like thick domain wall
or global vortex spacetimes. We analyze the general time and space dependent
solutions giving implicitly a class of time and space dependent solutions and
describe the breakdown of an extension to Birkhoff's theorem in the presence of
scalar matter. We argue that the solutions described constitute the general
solution to the field configuration under D-2 planar symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76373 </DOCNO>
Using Bs(t) -> phi K_s to measure Sin 2 beta


  In this talk we show that, unlike other pure $b\to d$ penguin processes, the
decay $\bs(t)\to\phi\ks$ is dominated by a single amplitude, that of the
internal $t$-quark. Thus, the indirect CP asymmetry in this decay probes $\sin
2\beta$. This cancellation holds for most part of the parameter space and error
on $\sin 2\beta$ is less than 10%. By measuring the direct CP asymmetry, one
can get a better idea of the probable error on $\sin 2\beta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2386 </DOCNO>
Can backscattering off an impurity enhance the current?


  It is well known that while forward scattering has no effect on the
conductance of one-dimensional systems, backscattering off a static impurity
suppresses the current. We study the effect of a time-dependent point impurity
on the conductance of a one-channel quantum wire. At strong repulsive
interaction (Luttinger liquid parameter g<1/2), backscattering renders the
conductance greater than its value e^2/h in the absence of the impurity. A
possible experimental realization of our model is a constricted Hall bar at
fractional filling factors \nu=1/(2n+1) with a time-dependent voltage at the
constriction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123507 </DOCNO>
Near-infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy and Mid-infrared Spectroscopy


  We present new observations of the central regions of the starburst galaxy
M82 consisting of near-infrared H- and K-band integral field spectroscopy from
the MPE 3D instrument, and 2.4-45 micron spectroscopy from the Short Wavelength
Spectrometer (SWS) on board ISO. These measurements are used, together with
data from the literature, to re-examine the issue of extinction, determine the
physical conditions of the interstellar medium, and characterize the
composition of the stellar populations. We find that purely foreground
extinction cannot reproduce the global relative intensities of H recombination
lines from optical to radio wavelengths. A good fit is provided by a
homogeneous mixture of dust and sources, and with a visual extinction of 52
mag. The SWS data provide evidence for deviations from commonly assumed
extinction laws between 3 and 10 micron. The fine-structure lines of Ne, Ar,
and S detected with SWS imply an electron density of about 300 cm^{-3}, and
abundance ratios Ne/H and Ar/H nearly solar and S/H one-fourth solar. The
excitation of the ionized gas indicates an average temperature for the OB stars
of 37400 K, with little spatial variation. A random distribution of gas clouds
and ionizing clusters and an ionization parameter of about 10^{-2.3} represent
well the star-forming regions. From population synthesis and the
mass-to-K-light ratio, we conclude that the near-infrared continuum emission
across the starburst regions is dominated by red supergiants with average
temperatures ranging from 3600 K to 4500 K, and roughly solar metallicity. Our
data rule out significant contributions from older metal-rich giants in the
central few tens of parsecs of M82.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4654 </DOCNO>
Conformal lattice of magnetic bubble domains in garnet film


  We report experimental observations of magnetic bubble domain arrays with no
apparent translational symmetry. Additionally the results of comparative
numerical studies are discussed. Our goal is to present experimental evidence
for natural occurence of conformal structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74282 </DOCNO>
Production of the D-wave $b \bar b$ states


  The first and second families of D-wave $b \bar b$ quarkonium states are
expected to have masses near 10.16 and 10.44 GeV/$c^2$. The accuracy of these
predictions is discussed, and the prospects of two methods for producing these
states in electron-positron collisions are updated. Direct scans in the $e^+
e^-$ center-of-mass can give rise to the $^3D_1$ states. The $1^3D_J$ states
have also been searched for in the electromagnetic cascades from $\ups(3S) \to
\gamma \chi'_b \to \gamma \gamma ^3D_J$. The sample of $\ups(3S)$ decays
required to definitively observe the $1^3D_J$ states is found to be only
somewhat greater than the present world's total.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74921 </DOCNO>
An anomalous breaking of supersymmetry in supersymmetric gauge theories


  We extend the gauge coupling of Super-Yang-Mills theories to an external
superfield composed out of a chiral and an antichiral superfield and perform
renormalization in the extended model. In one-loop order we find an anomalous
breaking of supersymmetry which vanishes in the limit to constant coupling. The
anomaly arises form non-local contributions and its coefficient is gauge and
scheme independent and strictly of one-loop order. In the perturbative
framework of the construction the anomaly cannot be absorbed as a counterterm
to the classical action. With local gauge coupling the symmetric counterterms
with chiral integration are holomorphic functions and this property is
independent from the specific regularization scheme. Thus, the symmetric
counterterm to the Yang-Mills part is of one-loop order only - and it is the
anomaly which gives rise to the two-loop order of the gauge $\beta$-function in
pure Super-Yang-Mills theories and to its closed all-order expression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179387 </DOCNO>
The relativistic spectroscopy of rotating bodies


  Mutual dependencies of mass and orbital moment increase for rotating bodies
of various configurations (a string with uniform mass distribution, a string
with squared mass distribution or a sphere with uniform mass distribution,
double system of point masses) are considered in quasiclassical approximation.
Results are used for analysis of meson, baryon resonances of rotating nature,
and also for dipion and dinucleon resonances. For oneparticle resonances a
string configuration with squared mass distribution is has been chosen. Radius
values and their possible changes with spin increase are obtained. At this, in
particular, for proton and $\delta$-isobar, which are the founders of rotating
bands, values 0.45 and 0.63 are defined, respectively. Dipion and dinucleon
resonances are pre-sented as two rotating point bodies at distances of some
fermy. Each of reso-nances is located in four rotary bands. Possible reasons of
formation of some rotary bands for these resonances are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149147 </DOCNO>
Brane World in a Topological Black Hole Bulk


  We consider a static brane in the background of a topological black hole, in
arbitrary dimensions. For hyperbolic horizons, we find a solution only when the
black hole mass assumes its minimum negative value. In this case, the tension
of the brane vanishes, and the brane position coincides with the location of
the horizon. For an elliptic horizon, we show that the massless mode of
Randall-Sundrum is recovered in the limit of large black hole mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168616 </DOCNO>
Squeezing enhancement by damping in a driven atom-cavity system


  In a driven atom-cavity coupled system in which the two-level atom is driven
by a classical field, the cavity mode which should be in a coherent state in
the absence of its reservoir, can be squeezed by coupling to its reservoir. The
squeezing effect is enhanced as the damping rate of the cavity is increased to
some extent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4072 </DOCNO>
Quantum fluctuations in one-dimensional arrays of condensates


  The effects of quantum and thermal fluctuations upon the fringe structure
predicted to be observable in the momentum distribution of coupled
Bose-Einstein condensates are studied by the effective-potential method. For a
double-well trap, the coherence factor recently introduced by Pitaevskii and
Stringari [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 180402 (2001)] is calculated using the
effective potential approach and is found in good agreement with their result.
The calculations are extended to the case of a one-dimensional array of
condensates, showing that quantum effects are essentially described through a
simple renormalization of the energy scale in the classical analytical
expression for the fringe structure. The consequences for the experimental
observability are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168283 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Experimental Separation of Geometric and Dynamical Phases


  We analyse a recently reported neutron interference experiment to measure a
geometric phase and attempt to bring out the inadequacy of the ``phase modulo
2\pi" approach to the geometric phase. A modified neutron interferometer
experiment to observe 2n\pi phase changes of topological origin resulting from
closed circuits around singularities in the parameter space of the experiment
is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126354 </DOCNO>
Polarization Properties of Nine Southern Radio Pulsars


  We report on radio polarimetry observations for nine southern pulsars. Six of
the nine in the sample are young, with characteristic ages under 100 kyr and
high spin-down luminosities. All six show a significant degree of linear
polarization. We also confirm a previously noticed trend in which the degree of
linear polarization increases with spin-down luminosity. Where possible we have
used the rotating-vector model of the pulsar emission geometry to fit the
observed position angle data. Our fit for PSR J1513-5908 (B1509-58) in
particular is useful for directly testing the magnetospheric model of Melatos
(1997) in combination with further timing observations. For this pulsar we find
that a magnetic inclination angle greater than or equal to 60 degrees is
excluded at the 3-sigma level, and that the geometry suggested by the
morphology of an apparent bipolar X-ray outflow is marginally inconsistent with
the Melatos model. We also report on polarimetry of three older pulsars: PSR
J0045-7319, PSR J1627-4845, and PSR J1316-6232 (whose discovery we also
report). Of these, only PSR J0045-7319 shows significant polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126398 </DOCNO>
Clusters of Extragalactic Ultra Compact HII Regions


  We report on the detection of optically thick free-free radio sources in the
galaxies M33, NGC 253, and NGC 6946 using data in the literature. We interpret
these sources as being young, embedded star birth regions, which are likely to
be clusters of ultracompact HII regions. All 35 of the sources presented in
this article have positive radio spectral indices alpha>0 suggesting an
optically thick thermal bremsstrahlung emission arising in the HII region
surrounding hot stars. Energy requirements indicate a range of a several to
>500 O7V star equivalents powering each HII region. Assuming a Salpeter IMF,
this corresponds to integrated stellar masses of 0.1--60,000 Msun. For roughly
half of the sources in our sample, there is no obvious optical counterpart,
giving further support for their deeply embedded nature. Their luminosities and
radio spectral energy distributions are consistent with HII regions having
electron densities from 1500 cm^-3 to 15000 cm^-3 and radii of 1 - 7 pc. We
suggest that the less luminous of these sources are extragalactic ultracompact
HII region complexes, those of intermediate luminosity are similar to W49 in
the Galaxy, while the brightest will be counterparts to 30 Doradus. These
objects constitute the lower mass range of extragalactic ``ultradense HII
regions'' which we argue are the youngest stages of massive star cluster
formation yet observed. This sample is beginning to fill in the continuum of
objects between small associations of ultracompact HII regions and the massive
extragalactic clusters that may evolve into globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76487 </DOCNO>
Applicability of the Friedberg-Lee-Zhao method


  Friedberg, Lee and Zhao proposed a method for effectively evaluating the
eigenenergies and eigen wavefunctions of quantum systems. In this work, we
study several special cases to investigate applicability of the method.
Concretely, we calculate the ground-state eigenenergy of the Hellmann potential
as well as the Cornell potential, and also evaluate the energies of the systems
where linear term is added to the Coulomb and harmonic oscillator potentials as
a perturbation. The results obtained in this method have a surprising agreement
with the traditional method or the numerical results. Since the results in this
method have obvious analyticity compared to that in other methods, and because
of the simplicity for calculations this method can be applied to solving the
Schr\"{o}dinger equation and provides us better understanding of the physical
essence of the concerned systems. But meanwhile applications of the FLZ method
are restricted at present, especially for certain potential forms, but due to
its obvious advantages, it should be further developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75466 </DOCNO>
Testing the Wigner - Weisskopf approximation by using neutral-meson -


  We phenomenologically decompose the Weisskopf--Wigner approximation, as
applied to the neutral flavoured meson complexes, into three pieces and propose
tests for these pieces. Our tests hold for general decay amplitudes and
$M^0$--$\bar M^0$ mixing parameters. We concentrate on C-odd $M^0 \bar M^0$
states and stress the importance of such tests in view of the variety of
physics extracted from measurements on such complexes. Studying the feasibility
of the tests confines one to the $K^0 \bar K^0$ system at present. In
particular, we show that the time dependence of the correlated decay $\phi \to
K^0 \bar K^0 \to 2 (\pi^+ \pi^-)$ is determined solely by the WWA and provides
thus a clean test of it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97732 </DOCNO>
Matrix units and generic degrees for the Ariki--Koike algebras


  We compute the generic degrees of the Ariki--Koike algebras by first
constructing a basis of matrix units in the semisimple case. As a consequence,
we also obtain an explicit isomorphism from any semisimple Ariki--Koike algebra
to the group algebra of the corresponding complex reflection group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149848 </DOCNO>
Comments on orientifold projection in the conifold and SO x USp duality


  We study the O3-plane in the conifold. On the D3-brane world-volume we obtain
SO x USp gauge theory that exhibits a duality cascade phenomenon. The
orientifold projection is determined on the type IIB string side, and
corresponds to that of O4-plane on the dual type IIA side. We show that SUGRA
solutions of Klebanov-Tseytlin and Klebanov-Strassler survive under the
projection. We also investigate the orientifold projection in the generalized
conifolds, and verify desired features of the O4-projection in the type IIA
picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148104 </DOCNO>
Rayleigh-Schr\"{o}dinger Perturbation Theory Based on Gaussian


  A Rayleigh-Schr\"{o}dinger perturbation theory based on the Gaussian
wavefunctional is constructed. The method can be used for calculating the
energies of both the vacuum and the excited states. A model calculation is
carried out for the vacuum state of the $\lambda\phi^4$ field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168897 </DOCNO>
Phase Coherence and Control of Stored Photonic Information


  We report the demonstration of phase coherence and control for the recently
developed "light storage" technique. Specifically, we use a pulsed magnetic
field to vary the phase of atomic spin excitations which result from the
deceleration and storing of a light pulse in warm Rb vapor. We then convert the
spin excitations back into light and detect the resultant phase shift in an
optical interferometric measurement. The coherent storage of photon states in
matter is essential for the practical realization of many basic concepts in
quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5477 </DOCNO>
Comparative simulation study of colloidal gels and glasses


  Using computer simulations, we identify the mechanisms causing aggregation
and structural arrest of colloidal suspensions interacting with a short-ranged
attraction at moderate and high densities. Two different non-ergodicity
transitions are observed. As the density is increased, a glass transition takes
place, driven by excluded volume effects. In contrast, at moderate densities,
gelation is approached as the strength of the attraction increases. At high
density and interaction strength, both transitions merge, and a logarithmic
decay in the correlation function is observed. All of these features are
correctly predicted by mode coupling theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95964 </DOCNO>
Hermite functions and uncertainty principles for the Fourier and the


  We extend an uncertainty principle due to Beurling into a characterization of
Hermite functions. More precisely, all functions $f$ on $\R^d$ which may be
written as $P(x)\exp (Ax,x)$, with $A$ a real symmetric definite positive
matrix, are characterized by integrability conditions on the product
$f(x)\hat{f}(y)$. We also give the best constant in uncertainty principles of
Gelf'and Shilov type. We then obtain similar results for the windowed Fourier
transform (also known, up to elementary changes of functions, as the radar
ambiguity function or the Wigner transform). We complete the paper with a sharp
version of Heisenberg's inequality for this transform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128378 </DOCNO>
On Rossby waves and vortices with differential rotation


  We present a simplified model for linearized perturbations in a fluid with
both differential rotation and differential vorticity. Without the latter the
model reduces to the classical Shearing Sheet used in the description of spiral
density waves in astrophysical disks. Without the former it reduces to the
$\beta$-plane approximation, used in the description of Rossby waves.
  Retaining both, our model allows one in general to discuss the coupling
between density waves and Rossby waves, resulting in what is known as the
``corotation resonance'' for density waves.
  Here we derive, as a first application of this model, the properties of
Rossby waves in a differentially rotating disk. We find that their propagation
is quenched by differential rotation: after a limited number of oscillations, a
Rossby wave collapses to a singular vortex, as fluid elements are sheared apart
by differential rotation. In a keplerian disk, this number of oscillations is
always lower than one. We also describe how, in a similar manner, a vortex is
sheared in a very short time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1073 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Ferromagnetic film on a superconducting substrate"


  A superconducting substrate is not able to shrink drastically domains in a
ferromagnetic film, contrary to the prediction of Bulaevskii and Chudnovsky
[Phys. Rev. B, 63, issue1 (2001)]. This is shown on the basis of the exact
solution for the stripe domain structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74546 </DOCNO>
$\pi K$ sum rules and the SU(3) chiral expansion


  A recently proposed set of sum rules, based on the pion-Kaon scattering
amplitudes and their crossing-symmetric conjugates are analysed in detail. A
key role is played by the $l=0$ $\pi\pi\to K\overline K$ amplitude which
requires an extrapolation to be performed. It is shown how this is tightly
constrained from analyticity, chiral counting and the available experimental
data, and its stability is tested. A re-evaluation of the $O(p^4)$ chiral
couplings $L_1$, $L_2$, $L_3$ is obtained, as well as a new evaluation of the
large $N_c$ suppressed coupling $L_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127040 </DOCNO>
Diffuse gamma-ray line emission from multiple OB Associations in Cygnus


  The COMPTEL observations of the diffuse galactic 1.809 MeV emission
attributed to the radioactive decay of 26Al have confirmed the diffuse nature
of this interstellar emission line. One of the most significant features of the
reconstructed intensity pattern is a flux enhancement in the direction of the
Cygnus region. This region is fairly young and contains a wealth of massive
stars, most of them grouped in the Cygnus OB associations. Multi-frequency
model fitting strongly supports the hypothesis of massive stars and their
descendent supernovae being the dominant sources of interstellar 26Al as
observed by COMPTEL.
  Massive stars and supernovae are known to impart a large amount of kinetic
energy into the surrounding ISM which lead to shockregions and large cavities.
In addition, a large fraction of the electro-magnetic radiation of massive
stars lies in the extreme ultra-violet causing photoionisation of the
surrounding interstellar medium.
  We applied a population synthesis model in combination with an analytic model
of the expansion of superbubbles to the Cygnus OB associations. The model
predicts the expected 1.809 MeV flux and the gamma-ray line intensity due to
interstellar 60Fe. We compute the sizes and expansion parameters of the
expected HI-structures and the free-free emission intensities due to the
photoionizing radiation from massive stars within this region of the sky. We
discuss our present understanding of the Cygnus region with respect to the
massive star census and history. Our model assigns about 70% of the 1.809 MeV
intensity to six known OB associations, about 20% to known isolated sources and
roughly 10% to an unkown diffuse component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148837 </DOCNO>
Contraction and decomposition matrices for vacuum diagrams


  Tensor reduction of vacuum diagrams uses contraction and decomposition
matrices. We present general recurrence relations for the calculation of those
matrices and an explicit formula for the 3-loop decomposition matrix and its
determinant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97021 </DOCNO>
Kahler surfaces of finite volume and Seiberg-Witten equations


  Let M=P(E) be a ruled surface. We introduce metrics of finite volume on M
whose singularities are parametrized by a parabolic structure over E. Then,
we generalise results of Burns--de Bartolomeis and LeBrun, by showing that the
existence of a singular Kahler metric of finite volume and constant non
positive scalar curvature on M is equivalent to the parabolic polystability
of E; moreover these metrics all come from finite volume quotients of $H^2
\times CP^1$. In order to prove the theorem, we must produce a solution of
Seiberg-Witten equations for a singular metric g. We use orbifold
compactifications $\overline M$ on which we approximate g by a sequence of
smooth metrics; the desired solution for g is obtained as the limit of a
sequence of Seiberg-Witten solutions for these smooth metrics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148780 </DOCNO>
Descent Relations in Type 0A/0B


  The type 0 theories have twice as many stable D-branes as the type II
theories. In light of this added complication, we find the descent relations
for D-branes in the type 0A and 0B theories. In addition, we work out how the
two types of D-branes differ in their couplings to NS-NS fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2925 </DOCNO>
On a common circle: natural scenes and Gestalt rules


  To understand how the human visual system analyzes images, it is essential to
know the structure of the visual environment. In particular, natural images
display consistent statistical properties that distinguish them from random
luminance distributions. We have studied the geometric regularities of oriented
elements (edges or line segments) present in an ensemble of visual scenes,
asking how much information the presence of a segment in a particular location
of the visual scene carries about the presence of a second segment at different
relative positions and orientations. We observed strong long-range correlations
in the distribution of oriented segments that extend over the whole visual
field. We further show that a very simple geometric rule, cocircularity,
predicts the arrangement of segments in natural scenes, and that different
geometrical arrangements show relevant differences in their scaling properties.
Our results show similarities to geometric features of previous physiological
and psychophysical studies. We discuss the implications of these findings for
theories of early vision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74858 </DOCNO>
Unitary mixing scalar-vector in $\xi$ gauge


  We study the effect of unitary mixing of scalar and vector fields in general
$\xi$ gauge. This effect takes place for non-conserved vector currents and
$\xi$ gauge generates some additional problems with unphysical scalar field. We
obtained solutions of Dyson-Schwinger equations and perfomed the
renormalization of full propagators. The key feature of renormalization is the
usage of Ward identity, which relates some different Green functions. We found
that using Ward identity leads to disappearing of $\xi$-dependence in
renormalized matrix element.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129323 </DOCNO>
Quasiequilibrium sequences of synchronously rotating binary neutron


  We have computed quasiequilibrium sequences of synchronously rotating compact
binary star systems with constant rest masses. This computation has been
carried out by using the numerical scheme which is different from the scheme
based on the conformally flat assumption about the space. Stars are assumed to
be polytropes with polytropic indices of N=0.5, N=1.0, and N=1.5. Since we have
computed binary star sequences with a constant rest mass, they provide
approximate evolutionary tracks of binary star systems. For relatively stiff
equations of state (N < 1.0), there appear turning points along the
quasiequilibrium sequences plotted in the angular momentum -- angular velocity
plane. Consequently secular instability against exciting internal motion sets
in at those points. Qualitatively, these results agree with those of Baumgarte
et al. who employed the conformally flat condition. We further discuss the
effect of different equations of state and different strength of gravity by
introducing two kinds of dimensionless quantities which represent the angular
momentum and the angular velocity. Strength of gravity is renormalized in these
quantities so that the quantities are transformed to values around unity.
Therefore we can clearly see relations among quasiequilibrium sequences for a
wide variety of strength of gravity and for different compressibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98558 </DOCNO>
Pseudohomology and homology


  The notion of a pseudocycle is introduced by McDuff and Salamon
(J-holomorphic curves and quantum cohomology, University Lecture Series, Vol.
6, AMS (1994)) to provide a framework for defining Gromov-Witten invariants and
quantum cohomology. This paper studies the bordism groups of pseudocycles,
called pseudohomology groups. These are shown to satisfy the Eilenberg-Steenrod
axioms. For smooth compact manifold pairs, it is proved that pseudohomology is
naturally equivalent to homology. Easy examples show that this equivalence does
not extend to the case of non-compact manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87007 </DOCNO>
The Gravitational Cherenkov Radiation


  An example of discontinuity of the energy-momentum tensor moving at
superluminal velocity is discussed. It is shown that the gravitational Mach
cone is formed. The power spectrum of the corresponding Cherenkov radiation is
evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128418 </DOCNO>
Jet reorientation in AGN: two winged radio galaxies


  Winged, or X-shaped, radio sources form a small class of morphologically
peculiar extragalactic sources. We present multi-frequency radio observations
of two such sources. We derive maximum ages since any re-injection of fresh
particles of 34 and 17Myr for the wings of 3C223.1 and 3C403, respectively,
based on the lack of synchrotron and inverse Compton losses. On morphological
grounds we favour an explanation in terms of a fast realignment of the jet axis
which occurred within a few Myr. There is no evidence for merger activity, and
the host galaxies are found to reside in no more than poor cluster
environments. A number of puzzling questions remain about those sources: in
particular, although the black hole could realign on sufficiently short
timescales, the origin of the realignment is unknown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127223 </DOCNO>
Self-tuning solutions of the cosmological constant


  I briefly review the cosmological constant problem and attempts toward its
solution, and present the first nontrivial example for the self-tuning
mechanism with a $1/H^2$ term with the antisymmetric field strength $H_{MNPQ}$
in a 5D RS-II setup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74443 </DOCNO>
Nonabelian alpha_s^3/(m_q r^2) heavy-quark-antiquark potential


  We calculate the leading mass-suppressed two-loop contribution, proportional
to alpha_s^3/(m_q r^2), to the potential of a heavy quark-antiquark system.
This contribution originates in the nonabelian nature of quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) and has no analogue in quantum electrodynamics (QED). For this purpose,
we elaborate a technique based on the implementation of the threshold expansion
within the effective theory of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD). We discuss
phenomenological implications of our result for heavy-quarkonium physics. We
also confirm a previous result for the two-loop O(alpha_s^2) correction to the
static potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1348 </DOCNO>
Testing the Landau Fermi liquid description of the fractional quantum


  We study theoretically the dispersion of a single quasiparticle or quasihole
of the fractional quantum Hall effect, obtained by injecting or removing a
composite fermion. By comparing to a free fermion system, we estimate the
regime of validity of the Landau-Fermi-liquid-type description and deduce the
Landau mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77032 </DOCNO>
Lepton masses in a supersymmetric 3-3-1 model


  We consider the mass generation for both charginos and neutralinos in a 3-3-1
supersymmetric model. We show that R-parity breaking interactions leave the
electron and one of the neutrinos massless at the tree level. However the same
interactions induce masses for these particles at the 1-loop level. Unlike the
similar situation in the MSSM the masses of the neutralinos are related to the
masses of the charginos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3775 </DOCNO>
Phase Structure and Universality in Two-Dimensional Disordered Quantum


  Two-dimensional disordered quantum antiferromagnets are studied by means of a
continuum description in which disorder is introduced by a random distribution
of couplings (spin stiffnesses) in the ordered phase of the Nonlinear Sigma
Model. Quenched soliton (skyrmion) correlation functions are evaluated and
used, along with the quenched magnetization, to characterize the phase
structure of the system. When magnetic dilution is exponentially suppressed,
the introduction of disorder only modifies the subleading terms in the large
distance behavior of the soliton correlation functions, yielding the same
skyrmion energy as in the pure case. The system is in a ``hard'' disordered
N\'eel phase similar to the ordered antiferromagntic phase occurring in the
pure case. Conversely, when magnetic dilution is not exponentially suppressed,
the large distance behavior of the correlation functions is drastically
changed. The system exists in a new phase in which the energy of quantum
skyrmions is equal to zero in spite of the existence of a nonvanishing
antiferromagnetic order parameter. This ``soft'' disordered N\'eel phase is
characterized by universality classes which are determined by the behavior of
the distribution of random couplings in the small coupling region. The possible
relation of this phase with spin glasses is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168078 </DOCNO>
Teleportation with indistinguishable particles


  We analyze in a critical way the mathematical treatment of a quantum
teleportation experiment performed with photon particles, showing that a
symmetrization operation over both the polarization and spatial degrees of
freedom of all the particles involved is necessary in order to reproduce
correctly the observed experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98794 </DOCNO>
Symplectic action around loops in $\text{Ham}(M)$


  Let $\text{Ham(M)}$ be the group of Hamiltonian symplectomorphisms of a
quantizable symplectic manifold $(M,\omega)$.
  If $\psi = \{\psi_t \}_{t \in [0,1]}$ is a loop in $\text{Ham}(M)$ at
$\text{id}$, we define $$\kappa_x(\psi)=\text{exp}\Big(2\pi i\int_S\omega-2\pi
i\int_0^1f_t(\psi_t(x))dt \Big),$$ where $f_t$ is a "time"-dependent
Hamiltonian determined by $\psi$, and $S$ is any surface bounded by the closed
curve ${\psi_t(x)}$. We prove that $\kappa_x(\psi)$ is independent of the point
$x \in M$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126694 </DOCNO>
Molecular gas in nearby powerful radio galaxies


  We report the detection of CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) emission from the central
region of nearby 3CR radio galaxies (z$<$ 0.03). Out of 21 galaxies, 8 have
been detected in, at least, one of the two CO transitions. The total molecular
gas content is below 10$^9$ \msun. Their individual CO emission exhibit, for 5
cases, a double-horned line profile that is characteristic of an inclined
rotating disk with a central depression at the rising part of its rotation
curve. The inferred disk or ring distributions of the molecular gas is
consistent with the observed presence of dust disks or rings detected optically
in the cores of the galaxies. We reason that if their gas originates from the
mergers of two gas-rich disk galaxies, as has been invoked to explain the
molecular gas in other radio galaxies, then these galaxies must have merged a
long time ago (few Gyr or more) but their remnant elliptical galaxies only
recently (last 10$^7$ years or less) become active radio galaxies. Instead, we
argue the the cannibalism of gas-rich galaxies provide a simpler explanation
for the origin of molecular gas in the elliptical hosts of radio galaxies (Lim
et al. 2000). Given the transient nature of their observed disturbances, these
galaxies probably become active in radio soon after the accretion event when
sufficient molecular gas agglomerates in their nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97779 </DOCNO>
Information, initial condition sensitivity and dimension in weakly


  We study generalized indicators of sensitivity to initial conditions and
orbit complexity in topological dynamical systems. The orbit complexity is a
measure of the asymptotic behavior of the information that is necessary to
describe the orbit of a given point. The indicator generalizes in a certain
sense, the Brudno's orbit complexity (which is strongly related to the entropy
of the system).
 The initial condition sensitivity indicators consider the asymptotic behavior
of the speed of divergence of nearby staring orbits.
 The indicators have non trivial values also in weakly chaotic dynamical
systems, characterizing various cases of weakly chaotic dynamics. Then, using
constructivity, local relations are proved between generalized orbit
complexity, initial condition sensitivity and the dimension of the underlying
space or invariant measure

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126819 </DOCNO>
Probing the dark energy with quasar clustering


  We show, through Monte Carlo simulations, that the Alcock-Paczynski test, as
applied to quasar clustering, is a powerful tool to probe the cosmological
density and equation of state parameters, Omega_{m0}, Omega_{x0} and w. By
taking into account the effect of peculiar velocities upon the correlation
function we obtain, for the Two-Degree Field QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ), the
predicted confidence contours for the cosmological constant (w = -1) and
spatially flat (Omega_{m0} + Omega_{x0}=1) cases. It turns out that, for w =
-1, the test is especially sensitive to the difference Omega_{m0} -
Omega_{Lambda 0}, thus being ideal to combine with CMB results. We also find
out that, for the flat case, it is competitive with future supernova and galaxy
number count tests, besides being complementary to them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168202 </DOCNO>
Theory of hybrid systems. II. The symmetrized product and redefined Lie


  The symmetrized product for quantum mechanical observables is defined. It is
seen as consisting of the ordinary multiplication and the application of the
superoperator that orders the operators of coordinate and momentum. This
superoperator is defined in a way that allows obstruction free quantization
when the observables are considered from the point of view of the algebra.
Then, the operatorial version of the Poisson bracket is defined. It is shown
that it has all properties of the Lie bracket and that it can substitute the
commutator in the von Neumann equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3229 </DOCNO>
C K-edge in polymerized C$_{60}$ : experiment and theory


  The paper has been withdrawn

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2127 </DOCNO>
The Ising Transition in the double-frequency sine-Gordon model


  In the present paper we utilize the renormalization group(RG) technique to
analyse the Ising critical behavior in the double frequency sine-Gordon model.
The one-loop RG equations obtained show unambiguously that there exist two
Ising critical points besides the trivial Gaussian fixed point. The topology of
the RG flows is obtained as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41097 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Measurements on the Z Resonance


  Almost all precision electroweak measurements from the Z resonance made at
the LEP storage ring by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments and those
made using a polarized electron beam at the SLC by the SLD experiment are now
final and have been published. Changes in the measurements since the last
RADCOR meeting are discussed. The internal consistency of the measurements is
considered. The impact of remaining theoretical uncertainties in the QCD sector
are examined as well as the impact of experimental and theoretical
uncertainties on the value of $\alpha_{\mathrm{QED}}(m_{\mathrm{Z}})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124138 </DOCNO>
Acceleration and collimation of relativistic plasmas ejected by fast


  A stationary self-consistent outflow of a magnetised relativistic plasma from
a rotating object with an initially monopole-like magnetic field is
investigated in the ideal MHD approximation under the condition $\sigma/U_0^2
>1$, where $\sigma$ is the ratio of the Poynting flux over the mass energy flux
at the equator and the surface of the star, with $U_0=\gamma_0v_0/c$ and
$\gamma_0$ the initial four-velocity and Lorentz factor of the plasma. The
mechanism of the magnetocentrifugal acceleration and self-collimation of the
relativistic plasma is investigated. A jet-like relativistic flow along the
axis of rotation is found in the steady-state solution under the condition
$\sigma/U_0^2 >1$ with properties predicted analytically. The amount of the
collimated matter in the jet is rather small in comparison to the total mass
flux in the wind. An explanation for the weak self-collimation of relativistic
winds is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98186 </DOCNO>
Functional Equations and Poincare Invariant Mechanical Systems


  We study the following functional equation that has arisen in the context of
mechanical systems invariant under the Poincare algebra:
\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n+1}\dfrac{\partial}{\partial x_{i}}\prod\limits_{j\neq
i}f(x_{i}-x_{j}) =0,\qquad n \geq 2. New techniques are developed and the
general solution within a certain class of functions is given. New solutions
are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128311 </DOCNO>
Multi-Phase Gas Dynamics in a Weak Barred Potential


  The structure of the interstellar medium in the central kpc region of a
galaxy with a weak bar-like potential is investigated taking into account
realistic cooling and heating processes and the self-gravity of the gas. Using
high resolution hydrodynamical simulations, it is revealed that the resonant
structures (e.g. smooth spiral shocks and a nuclear ring) are very different
from those seen in past numerical models where simple models of the ISM, i.e.
non-self-gravitating, isothermal gas were assumed. We find that the pc-scale
filaments and clumps form large scale spirals, which resemble those seen in
real galaxies. The fine structures are different between the arms and in the
nuclear region. The next generation millimeter interferometer (ALMA) may reveal
the fine structures of the cold gas in nearby galaxies. We also find a large
scale anisotropy in the gas temperature, which is caused due to non-circular
velocity field of the gas.The damped orbit model based on the epicyclic
approximation explains the distribution of the hot (> 10^4 K) and cold (< 100
K) gases appearing alternately around the galactic center. Because of the
temperature anisotropy, cold gases observed by molecular lines do not
necessarily represent the real gas distribution in galaxies. Position-Velocity
diagrams depend strongly on the viewing angles. As a result, the rotational
velocity inferred from the PV maps could be two times larger or smaller than
the true circular velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6136 </DOCNO>
A Model for Isotropic Crystal Growth from Vapor on a Patterned Substrate


  We developed a consistent mathematical model for isotropic crystal growth on
a substrate covered by the mask material with a periodic series of parallel
long trenches where the substrate is exposed to the vapor phase. Surface
diffusion and the flux of particles from vapor are assumed to be the main
mechanisms of growth. A geometrical approach to the motion of crystal surface
in two dimensions is adopted and nonlinear evolution equations are solved by a
finite-difference method. The model allows the direct computation of the
crystal surface shape, as well as the study of the effects due to mask regions
of effectively nonzero thickness. As in experiments, lateral overgrowth of
crystal onto the mask and enhanced growth in the region near the contact of the
crystal and the mask is found, as well as the comparable crystal shapes. The
growth rates in vertical and lateral directions are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123616 </DOCNO>
CO (J = 4-3) and [C I] Observations of the Carina Molecular Cloud


  We present large area, fully-sampled maps of the Carina molecular cloud
complex in the CO (J = 4 - 3) and neutral carbon [CI] 3P1 - 3P0 transitions.
These data were obtained using the 1.7 meter diameter Antarctic Submillimeter
Telescope and Remote Observatory (AST/RO). The maps cover an area of
approximately 3 square degrees with a uniform 1' spatial sampling. Analysis of
these data, in conjunction with CO (J = 1 - 0) data from the Columbia CO survey
and the IRAS HIRES continuum maps for the same region, suggests that the spiral
density wave shock associated with the Carina spiral arm may be playing an
important role in the formation and dissociation of the cloud complex, as well
as in maintaining the internal energy balance of the clouds in this region.
Massive stars form at the densest regions of the molecular cloud complex. The
winds and outflows associated with these stars have a disrupting effect on the
complex and inject mechanical energy into the parent clouds, while the UV
radiation from the young stars also heat the parent clouds. The present set of
data suggests, however, that massive stars alone may not account for the
energetics of the clouds in the Carina region. The details of the data and the
correlation among the various data sets hint at the possible role that the
spiral density wave shock plays in feeding interstellar turbulence and in
heating molecular clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98517 </DOCNO>
Two-row nilpotent orbits of cyclic quivers


  We prove that the local intersection cohomology of nilpotent orbit closures
of cyclic quivers is trivial when the two orbits involved correspond to
partitions with at most two rows. This gives a geometric proof of a result of
Graham and Lehrer, which states that standard modules of the affine Hecke
algebra of $GL_d$ corresponding to nilpotents with at most two Jordan blocks
are multiplicity-free.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5204 </DOCNO>
Intersubband magnetophonon resonances in quantum cascade structures


  We report on our magnetotransport measurements of GaAs/GaAlAs quantum cascade
structures in a magnetic field of up to 62 T. We observe novel quantum
oscillations in tunneling current that are periodic in reciprocal magnetic
field. We explain these oscillations as intersubband magnetophonon resonance
due to electron relaxation by emission of either single optical or acoustic
phonons. Our work also provides a non-optical in situ measurement of
intersubband separations in quantum cascade structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76522 </DOCNO>
Study of gluon fragmentation and colour octet neutralization in DELPHI


  Using the full statistics of the DELPHI experiment at $\sqrt{s}=91 GeV$ 3-jet
events are selected and gluon respectively quark jet enriched subsamples are
defined. The leading systems of the two kinds of jets are determined using
rapidity gaps. The sum of charges of the leading systems is studied. It is
found that for gluon-jets there is a significant excess of leading systems with
total charge zero when compared to Monte Carlo simulations with JETSET. The
corresponding leading systems of quark-jets do not exhibit such an excess. The
mass spectra of the leading systems with total charge zero are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2231 </DOCNO>
Casimir Effect in Fluids above the Isotropic-Lamellar Transition


  We study fluctuation-induced interaction in confined fluids above the
isotropic-lamellar transition. At an ideal continuous transition, the
disjoining pressure has the asymptotic form $\Pi(d\to\infty)\approx -C k_BT
q_0^2/d$, where $d$ is the interwall distance, $q_0$ is the wavenumber of the
scattering peak, and $C= 1/(4\pi)$ in the strong anchoring limit. The
long-rangedness is enhanced due to continuous distribution of soft modes in the
${\bf q}$-space. An unconventionally strong Casimir force with a range of
several lamella thicknesses is realistic above the transition. We also find an
oscillatory force profile near a surface-induced transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86788 </DOCNO>
Inertial Forces as Viewed from the ADM Slicing and their behaviour for


  Considering the definition of inertial forces acting on a test particle,
following non-circular geodesics, in static and stationary space times we show
that the centrifugal force reversal occurs only in the case of particles
following prograde orbits around black holes. We first rewrite the covariant
expressions for the acceleration components in terms of the lapse function,
shift vector and the 3-metric $\gm_{ij}$, using the ADM 3+1 splitting and use
these, for different cases as given by pure radial motion, pure azimuthal
motion and the general non-circular motion. It is found that the reversal
occurs only when the azimuthal angular velocity of the particle supersedes the
radial velocity, which indeed depends upon the physical parameters $E$, $l$ and
the Kerr parameter $a$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4407 </DOCNO>
Anomalous quantum confined Stark effects in stacked InAs/GaAs


  Vertically stacked and coupled InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots (SADs)
are predicted to exhibit a strong non-parabolic dependence of the interband
transition energy on the electric field, which is not encountered in single SAD
structures nor in other types of quantum structures. Our study based on an
eight-band strain-dependent ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$ Hamiltonian indicates that
this anomalous quantum confined Stark effect is caused by the three-dimensional
strain field distribution which influences drastically the hole states in the
stacked SAD structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169486 </DOCNO>
Cloning of symmetric d-level photonic states in physical systems


  Optimal procedures play an important role in quantum information. It turns
out that some naturally occurring processes like emission of light from an atom
can realize optimal transformations. Here we study how arbitrary symmetric
states of a number of d-level systems can be cloned using a multilevel atomic
system. It is shown that optimality is always ensured even though the output
number of systems is probabilistic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123876 </DOCNO>
Public Imaging Surveys: Scientific Opportunities


  The start of operation of several large-aperture telescopes has motivated
several groups around the world to conduct deep large imaging surveys,
complementing other wide-area but shallower surveys. A special class of imaging
surveys are the public ones such as those being conducted by the ESO Imaging
Survey (EIS) project established with the primary objective of providing to the
ESO community large datasets from which samples can be drawn for VLT programs.
To date several surveys have been carried out providing multi-passband optical
data over relatively large areas to moderate depth, deep optical/infrared
surveys of smaller fields as well as observations of a large number of selected
stellar fields. These surveys have produced a large amount of well-defined
datasets with known limits from which a variety of data products have been
extracted and distributed. The goal of the present contribution is to give an
overview of the EIS project, to present the end-to-end survey system being
developed by this program and to highlight the effort being made to standardize
procedures, to build software tools to assess the quality of the derived
products and to explore the available datasets in a systematic and consistent
way to search for astronomical objects of potential scientific interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4227 </DOCNO>
Non linear sigma models and quantum spin systems


  Microscopic models of quantum antiferromagnets are investigated on the basis
of a mapping onto effective low energy hamiltonians. Lattice effects are
carefully taken into account and their role is discussed. We show that the
presence of an external staggered magnetic field modifies in a non trivial way
the usual mapping onto the non linear sigma model, leading to the appearance of
new terms, neglected in previous works. Our analysis is compared with Lanczos
diagonalizations of S=1 Heisenberg chains in a staggered field, confirming the
validity of the single mode approximation for the evaluation of the dynamical
structure factor. The results are relevant for the interpretation of
experiments in quasi-one dimensional compounds. Microscopic realizations of
SU(4) spin chains are also discussed in the framework of spin-orbital lattice
systems. The low energy physics is shown to be described by sigma models with
topological angle $\theta$ in one dimension. This mapping strongly suggests
that the one dimensional CP$^3$ model (with $\theta=\pi$) undergoes a second
order phase transition as a function of the coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4680 </DOCNO>
Beyond the Fokker-Planck equation: Stochastic Simulation of Complete


  We demonstrate a method which allows the stochastic modelling of quantum
systems for which the generalised Fokker-Planck equation in the phase space
contains derivatives of higher than second order. This generalises quantum
stochastics far beyond the quantum-optical paradigm of three and four-wave
mixing problems to which these techniques have so far only been applicable. To
verify our method, we model a full Wigner representation for the optical
parametric oscillator, a system where the correct results are well known and
can be obtained by other methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168389 </DOCNO>
Programming physical realizations of quantum computers


  We study effects of the physical realization of quantum computers on their
logical operation. Through simulation of physical models of quantum computer
hardware, we analyze the difficulties that are encountered in programming
physical realizations of quantum computers. Examples of logically identical
implementations of the controlled-NOT operation and Grover's database search
algorithm are used to demonstrate that the results of a quantum computation are
unstable with respect to the physical realization of the quantum computer. We
discuss the origin of these instabilities and discuss possibilities to overcome
this, for practical purposes, fundamental limitation of quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87200 </DOCNO>
Existence of Local Covariant Time Ordered Products of Quantum Fields in


  We establish the existence of local, covariant time ordered products of local
Wick polynomials for a free scalar field in curved spacetime. Our time ordered
products satisfy all of the hypotheses of our previous uniqueness theorem, so
our construction essentially completes the analysis of the existence,
uniqueness and renormalizability of the perturbative expansion for nonlinear
quantum field theories in curved spacetime. As a byproduct of our analysis, we
derive a scaling expansion of the time ordered products about the total
diagonal that expresses them as a sum of products of polynomials in the
curvature times Lorentz invariant distributions, plus a remainder term of
arbitrary low scaling degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6391 </DOCNO>
Photon Filamentation in Resonant Media with High Fresnel Numbers


  The phenomenon of turbulent photon filamentation occurs in lasers and other
active optical media at high Fresnel numbers. A description of this phenomenon
is suggested. The solutions to evolution equations are presented in the form of
a bunch of filaments chaotically distributed in space and having different
radii. The probability distribution of patterns is defined characterizing the
probabilistic weight of different filaments. The most probable filament radius
and filament number are found, being in good agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4842 </DOCNO>
Separately contacted edge states: A new spectroscopic tool for the


  Using an innovative combination of a quasi-Corbino sample geometry and the
cross-gate technique, we have developed a method that enables us to separately
contact single edge channels in the quantum Hall regime and investigate
equilibration among them. Performing 4-point resistance measurements, we
directly obtain information on the energetic and geometric structure of the
edge region and the equilibration-length for current transport across the
Landau- as well as the spin-gap. Based on an almost free choice in the number
of participating edge channels and their interaction-length a systematic
investigation of the parameter-space becomes possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73287 </DOCNO>
Exclusive Decays of $B\to K^{(*)}l^+l^-$ in the PQCD


  We study the exclusive decays of $B\to K^{(*)}l^+l^-$ within the framework of
the PQCD. We obtain the form factors for the $B\to K^{(*)}$ transitions in all
allowed values of $q^2$, which agree with the lattice results. We find that our
distributions of the decay rates and leptonic asymmetries are consistent with
that given in the other QCD models in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4320 </DOCNO>
Dielectric properties of a two dimensional binary sytem with ellipse


  A two-dimensional binary composite system composed of ellipse inclusions and
a host medium is considered. Dielectric permittivity of the system is
calculated as a function of orientation angle, the volume fraction of the
inclusions and their excentricity using the finite element method. It was
observed that both the orientation of the inclusions in the field and their
excentricity have significant effects on the dielectric permittivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169113 </DOCNO>
Intense field stabilization in circular polarization: 3D time-dependent


  We investigate the stabilization of a hydrogen atom in circularly polarized
laser fields. We use a time-dependent, fully three dimensional approach to
study the quantum dynamics of the hydrogen atom subject to high intensity,
short wavelength laser pulses. We find enhanced survival probability as the
field is increased under fixed envelope conditions. We also confirm wavepacket
dynamics seen in prior time-dependent computations restricted to two
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40718 </DOCNO>
Particle Dark Matter and Solar Axion Searches with a small germanium


  A small, natural abundance, germanium detector (COSME) has been operating
recently at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spanish Pyrenees) in improved
conditions of shielding and overburden with respect to a previous operation of
the same detector. An exposure of 72.7 kg day in these conditions has at
present a background improvement of about one order of magnitude compared to
the former operation of the detector. These new data have been applied to a
direct search for WIMPs and solar axions. New WIMP exclusion plots improving
the current bounds for low masses are reported. The paper also presents a limit
on the axion-photon coupling obtained from the analysis of the data looking for
a Primakoff axion-to-photon conversion and Bragg scattering inside the crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123882 </DOCNO>
Cosmological parameter determination from Planck and SDSS data in


  We study the complementarity between the cosmological information obtainable
with the Planck surveyour and the large scale structure (LSS) redshift surveys
in LambdaCHDM cosmologies. We compute the initial full phase-space neutrino
distribution function for LambdaCHDM models by using numerical simulations. As
initial condition we adopt the HDM density fluctuation power spectrum
normalized on the basis of the analysis of the local cluster X-ray temperature
function and derive the initial neutrino phase-space distribution at each
spatial wave number k by using the Zel'dovich approximation. These initial
neutrino phase-space distributions are implemented in the CMBFAST code for the
integration of the coupled linearized Einstein, Boltzmann and fluid equations
in k-space. We find that the relative bias between the CMB temperature
fluctuations and the underlying matter density fluctuation power spectrum in
COBE/DMR normalization is given by the CDM component normalized accordingly to
the abundance of rich clusters at the present time. We use the Fisher
information matrix approximation to constrain a multi-dimensional
parametrization of the LambdaCHDM model, by jointly considering CMB and large
scale structure data according to the Planck and the SDSS experimental
specifications and by taking into account redshift distortions and nonlinear
effects on the matter power spectrum. We found that, although the CMB
anisotropy and polarization measurements tend to dominate the constraints on
most of the cosmological parameters, the additional small scale LSS data help
to break the parameter degeneracies. This work has been done in the framework
of the Planck LFI activities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75912 </DOCNO>
Black hole production in TeV-scale gravity, and the future of high


  If the Planck scale is near a TeV, black hole production should be possible
at colliders, as well as by cosmic rays. I begin with a review of the two
approaches to TeV-scale gravity, large extra dimensions and warped
compactification, presented in a unified framework. Then properties of such
black holes and estimates of their production rates are given, and consequences
for the future of high-energy experimental physics are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148633 </DOCNO>
Rotating Brane World Black Holes


  A five dimensional rotating black string in a Randall-Sundrum brane world is
considered. The black string intercepts the three brane in a four dimensional
rotating black hole. The geodesic equations and the asymptotics in this
background are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76952 </DOCNO>
Signatures of kinetic and magnetic helicity in the CMBR


  P and CP violation in cosmology can be manifested as large-scale helical
velocity flows in the ambient plasma and as primordial helical magnetic fields.
We show that kinetic helicity at last scattering leads to
temperature-polarization correlations ($C_l^{TB}$ and $C_l^{EB}$) in the cosmic
microwave background radiation (CMBR) and calculate the magnitude of the
effect. Helical primordial magnetic fields, expected from cosmic events such as
electroweak baryogenesis, can lead to helical velocity flows and hence to
non-vanishing correlations of the temperature and B-type polarization. However
we show that the magnitude of the induced helical flow is unobservably small
because the helical component of a magnetic field is almost force-free. We
discuss an alternate scheme for extracting the helicity of a stochastically
homogeneous and isotropic primordial magnetic field using observations of the
CMBR. The scheme involves constructing Faraday rotation measure maps of the
CMBR and thus determining the sum of the helical and non-helical components of
the primordial magnetic field. The power spectrum of B-type polarization
fluctuations, on the other hand, are sensitive only to the non-helical
component of the primordial magnetic field. The primordial magnetic helicity
can then be derived by combining these two sets of observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124698 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Capella


  Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer FUSE observations of the bright binary
system Capella (Alpha Aurigae; G1 III + G8 III) reveal a rich emission line
spectrum containing neutral and ionic species, among them H I, O I, C III, O
VI, S VI, Ne V and Ne VI. In addition the Fe XVIII 974.85 A line, formed at
temperatures of approx. 6 x 10^6 K, is detected. Whereas the chromospheric and
transition region emission is dominated by that from the G1 giant, consistent
with results from previous ultraviolet observations, Fe XVIII is formed largely
in the G8 giant atmosphere. Line ratios from C III suggest densities of 2-8 x
10^10 cm^-3, although anomalous line profiles of the 1176 transition may signal
optical depth effects. The hydrogen Lyman series, detected for the first time,
displays asymmetric emission consistent with an expanding atmosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4451 </DOCNO>
Disorder-induced phonon self-energy of semiconductors with binary


  Self-energy effects of Raman phonons in isotopically disordered
semiconductors are deduced by perturbation theory and compared to experimental
data. In contrast to the acoustic frequency region, higher-order terms
contribute significantly to the self-energy at optical phonon frequencies. The
asymmetric dependence of the self-energy of a binary isotope system $m_{1-x}
M_x$ on the concentration of the heavier isotope mass x can be explained by
taking into account second- and third-order perturbation terms. For elemental
semiconductors, the maximum of the self-energy occurs at concentrations with
$0.5<x<0.7$, depending on the strength of the third-order term. Reasonable
approximations are imposed that allow us to derive explicit expressions for the
ratio of successive perturbation terms of the real and the imaginary part of
the self-energy. This basic theoretical approach is compatible with Raman
spectroscopic results on diamond and silicon, with calculations based on the
coherent potential approximation, and with theoretical results obtained using
{\it ab initio} electronic theory. The extension of the formalism to binary
compounds, by taking into account the eigenvectors at the individual
sublattices, is straightforward. In this manner, we interpret recent
experimental results on the disorder-induced broadening of the TO (folded)
modes of SiC with a $^{13}{\rm C}$-enriched carbon sublattice.
\cite{Rohmfeld00,Rohmfeld01}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83700 </DOCNO>
Pricing Virtual Paths with Quality-of-Service Guarantees as Bundle


  We describe a model of a communication network that allows us to price
complex network services as financial derivative contracts based on the spot
price of the capacity in individual routers. We prove a theorem of a Girsanov
transform that is useful for pricing linear derivatives on underlying assets,
which can be used to price many complex network services, and it is used to
price an option that gives access to one of several virtual channels between
two network nodes, during a specified future time interval. We give the
continuous time hedging strategy, for which the option price is independent of
the service providers attitude towards risk. The option price contains the
density function of a sum of lognormal variables, which has to be evaluated
numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124972 </DOCNO>
Luminosity Evolution of Field Early-Type Galaxies to z=0.55


  We study the Fundamental Plane of field early-type galaxies at intermediate
redshift, using HST WFPC2 observations and deep Keck spectroscopy. Structural
parameters and internal velocity dispersions are measured for eighteen galaxies
at 0.15 < z < 0.55. Rest frame M/L_B ratios are determined from the Fundamental
Plane and compared to those of cluster early-type galaxies at the same
redshifts. The systematic offset between M/L ratios of field and cluster
early-type galaxies at intermediate redshift is small, and not significant: <ln
M/L_B>(field) - <ln M/L_B>(cluster) = -0.18 +- 0.11. The M/L ratios of field
early-type galaxies evolve as \Delta (ln M/L_B) = (-1.35 +- 0.35) z, very
similar to cluster early-type galaxies. After correcting for luminosity
evolution, the FP of field early-type galaxies has a scatter 0.09 +- 0.02 in
log r_e, similar to that in local clusters. The scatter appears to be driven by
low mass S0 galaxies; for the elliptical galaxies alone we find 0.03 +- 0.03.
There is a hint that the FP has a different slope than in clusters, but more
data are needed to confirm this. The similarity of the M/L ratios of cluster
and field early-type galaxies provides a constraint on the relative ages of
their stars. At <z> = 0.43, field early-type galaxies are younger than cluster
early-type galaxies by only 21 +- 13 %, and we infer that the stars in field
early-type galaxies probably formed at z >~ 1.5. Recent semi-analytical models
for galaxy formation in a Lambda-CDM Universe predict a systematic difference
between field and cluster galaxies of \Delta (ln M/L_B) ~ -0.6, much larger
than the observed difference. This result is consistent with the hypothesis
that field early-type galaxies formed earlier than predicted by these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99190 </DOCNO>
A counterexample to the Hodge conjecture for Kaehler varieties


  Summary: The Hodge conjecture asks whether rational Hodge classes on a smooth
projective manifolds are generated by the classes of algebraic subsets, or
equivalently by Chern classes of coherent sheaves. On a compact Kaehler
manifold, Hodge conjecture is known to be false if algebraic subsets are
replaced with analytic subsets. Here we show that it is even false that for a
Kaehler manifold, Hodge classes are generated by Chern classes of coherent
sheaves. We also show that finite free resolution do not in general exist for
coherent sheaves on compact Kaehler manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 865 </DOCNO>
Many-body Effects on Excitonic Optical Properties of Photoexcited


  We study carrier interaction induced many-body effects on the excitonic
optical properties of highly photoexcited one-dimensional semiconductor quantum
wire systems by solving the dynamically screened Bethe-Salpeter equation using
realistic Coulomb interaction between carriers. Including dynamical screening
effects in the electron/hole self-energy and in the electron-hole interaction
vertex function, we find that the excitonic absorption is essentially peaked at
a constant energy for a large range of photoexcitation density ($n= 0-6\times
10^5$ cm$^{-1}$), above which the absorption peak disappears without
appreciable gain i.e., \textit{no} exciton to free electron-hole plasma Mott
transition is observed, in contrast to previous theoretical results but in
agreement with recent experimental findings. This absence of gain (or the
non-existence of a Mott transition) arises from the strong inelastic scattering
by one-dimensional plasmons or charge density excitations, closely related to
the non-Fermi liquid nature of one-dimensional systems. Our theoretical work
demonstrates a transition or a crossover in one-dimensional photoexcited
electron-hole system from an effective Fermi liquid behavior associated with a
dilute gas of noninteracting excitons in the low density region ($n<10^5$
cm$^{-1}$) to a non-Fermi liquid in the high density region ($n>10^5$
cm$^{-1}$). The conventional quasi-static approximation for this problem is
also carried out to compare with the full dynamical results. Numerical results
for exciton binding energy and absorption spectra are given as functions of
carrier density and temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5298 </DOCNO>
Free expansion of attractive and repulsive Bose-Einstein condensed


  Free expansion of attractive and repulsive Bose-Einstein condensed vortex
states formed in an axially symmetric trap is investigated using the numerical
solution of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. In a repulsive
condensate the vortex-core radius is much smaller than the radial
root-mean-square (rms) radius, which makes the experimental observation of the
vortex core difficult. The opposite is found to be true in an attractive
condensate which makes it a better candidate for experimental observation.
Also, in all cases the ratio of vortex-core radius to radial rms radius
increases as the angular momentum of the vortex increases. This makes the
vortex states with higher angular momenta more suitable for experimental
confirmation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113923 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Approach to the Beam-Beam Interaction in Circular


  Building on the Renormalization Group (RG) method the beam-beam interaction
in circular colliders is studied. A regularized symplectic RG beam-beam map,
that describes successfully the long-time asymptotic behavior of the original
system has been obtained. The integral of motion possessed by the regularized
RG map has been used to construct the invariant phase space density (stationary
distribution function), and a coupled set of nonlinear integral equations for
the distributions of the two colliding beams has been derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81183 </DOCNO>
Deflation of Eigenvalues for GMRES in Lattice QCD


  Versions of GMRES with deflation of eigenvalues are applied to lattice QCD
problems. Approximate eigenvectors corresponding to the smallest eigenvalues
are generated at the same time that linear equations are solved. The
eigenvectors improve convergence for the linear equations, and they help solve
other right-hand sides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7456 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Sleep-Wake Transitions During Sleep


  We study the dynamics of the awakening during the night for healthy subjects
and find that the wake and the sleep periods exhibit completely different
behavior: the durations of wake periods are characterized by a scale-free
power-law distribution, while the durations of sleep periods have an
exponential distribution with a characteristic time scale. We find that the
characteristic time scale of sleep periods changes throughout the night. In
contrast, there is no measurable variation in the power-law behavior for the
durations of wake periods. We develop a stochastic model which agrees with the
data and suggests that the difference in the dynamics of sleep and wake states
arises from the constraints on the number of microstates in the sleep-wake
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2608 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of the anisotropic Kondo chain


  We establish the phase diagram of the one-dimensional anisotropic Kondo
lattice model at T=0 using a generalized two-dimensional classical Coulomb gas
description. We analyze the problem by means of a renormalization group (RG)
treatment. We find that the phase diagram contains critical lines in the
Beresinskii-Koterlitz-Thouless and Ising in a transverse field universality
classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72571 </DOCNO>
Solar neutrino problem accounting for self-consistent


  The analysis of the resonant spin-flavour (RSF) solutions to the solar
neutrino problem in the framework of simplest analytic solutions to the solar
magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) equations is presented. We performed the global fit
of the recent solar neutrino data, including event rates as well as day and
night recoil electron spectra induced by solar neutrino interactions in
SuperKamiokande. We compare quantitatively our simplest MHD-RSF fit with vacuum
oscillation (VAC) and MSW--type (SMA, LMA and LOW) solutions to the solar
neutrino problem using a common well-calibrated theoretical calculation and fit
procedure and find MHD-RSF fit to be somewhat better than those obtained for
the favored neutrino oscillation solutions. We made the predictions for future
experiments to disentangle the MHD-RSF scenario from other scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73629 </DOCNO>
Solar and atmospheric neutrinos: a solution with large extra dimensions


  We have studied [1] flavor neutrinos confined to our four-dimensional world
coupled to one "bulk" state, i.e., a Kaluza-Klein tower. Within a minimal
model, we accomodate existing experimental constraints (CHOOZ experiment, solar
and atmospheric data). No direct flavor oscillations nor MWS effects are
needed. An energy independent suppression is produced at large distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76188 </DOCNO>
The Anomalous Trajectories of the Pioneer Spacecraft


  Because of their unique designs, the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft have
provided the cleanest Doppler, deep-space navigation data. Analysis of this
data can be interpreted as showing an anomalous acceleration of these craft
directed towards the Sun of $a_P \sim 8 \times 10^{-8} {\rm cm/s}^2$. The
background of this discovery and the significance of the result are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75483 </DOCNO>
QCD corrections to Associated t-tbar-H production at the Tevatron


  We present in detail the calculation of the O(alpha_s^3)inclusive total cross
section for the process (p pbar-> t tbar h) in the Standard Model, at the
Tevatron center-of-mass energy sqrt(s_H)=2 TeV. The next-to-leading order QCD
corrections significantly reduce the renormalization and factorization scale
dependence of the Born cross section. They slightly decrease or increase the
Born cross section depending on the values of the renormalization and
factorization scales

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7313 </DOCNO>
Pseudofractal Scale-free Web


  We find that scale-free random networks are excellently modeled by a
deterministic graph. This graph has a discrete degree distribution (degree is
the number of connections of a vertex) which is characterized by a power-law
with exponent $\gamma=1+\ln3/\ln2$. Properties of this simple structure are
surprisingly close to those of growing random scale-free networks with $\gamma$
in the most interesting region, between 2 and 3. We succeed to find exactly and
numerically with high precision all main characteristics of the graph. In
particular, we obtain the exact shortest-path-length distribution. For the
large network ($\ln N \gg 1$) the distribution tends to a Gaussian of width
$\sim \sqrt{\ln N}$ centered at $\bar{\ell} \sim \ln N$. We show that the
eigenvalue spectrum of the adjacency matrix of the graph has a power-law tail
with exponent $2+\gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75339 </DOCNO>
CP Violation, Neutrino Mixing and the Baryon Asymmetry


  We study neutrino masses and mixings based on the simplest SO(10) mass
relations and the seesaw mechanism. We find that the requirement of large
neutrino mixings determines the relative magnitude of the heavy Majorana
neutrino masses in terms of the known quark mass hierarchy. This leads to
specific predictions for the structure of the neutrino mixing matrix, the light
neutrino masses, CP violation in neutrino oscillations, neutrinoless double
b-decay and the baryon asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128910 </DOCNO>
An XMM-Newton timing analysis of the eclipsing polar DP Leo


  We present an analysis of the X-ray light curves of the magnetic cataclysmic
variable DP Leo using recently performed XMM-Newton EPIC and archival ROSAT
PSPC observations. We determine the eclipse length at X-ray wavelengths to be
235 +-5 s, slightly longer than at ultra-violet wavelengths, where it lasts
225s. The implied inclination and mass ratio for an assumed 0.6 M(sun) white
dwarf are i=79.7 degrees and Q = M(wd)/M2 = 6.7. We determine a new linear
X-ray eclipse and orbital ephemeris which connects the more than 120000 binary
cycles covered since 1979. Over the last twenty years, the optical and X-ray
bright phases display a continuous shift with respect to the eclipse center by
\~2.1 degr/yr. Over the last 8.5 years the shift of the X-ray bright phase is
\~2.5 degr/yr. We interpret this as evidence of an asynchronously rotating white
dwarf although synchronization oscillations cannot be ruled out completely. If
the observed phase shift continues, a fundamental rearrangement of the
accretion geometry must occur on a time-scale of some ten years. DP Leo is
marginally detected at eclipse phase. The upper limit eclipse flux is
consistent with an origin on the late-type secondary, L_X ~ 2.5 x 10**(29)
ergs/s (0.20-7.55 keV}), at a distance of 400 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5528 </DOCNO>
Rotating vortex lattice in a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in


  A dense vortex lattice in a rotating dilute Bose-Einstein condensate is
studied with the Thomas-Fermi approximation. The upper critical angular
velocity Omega_{c2} occurs when the intervortex separation b becomes comparable
with the vortex core radius xi. For a radial harmonic trap, the loss of
confinement as Omega approaches omega_perp implies a singular behavior. In
contrast, an additional radial quartic potential provides a simple model for
which Omega_{c2} is readily determined. Unlike the case of a type-II
superconductor at fixed temperature, the onset of Omega_{c2} arises not only
from decreasing b but also from increasing xi caused by the vanishing of the
chemical potential as Omega approaches Omega_{c2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125819 </DOCNO>
A search for very high energy neutrinos with the Baikal Neutrino


  We present the results of a search for high energy neutrinos with the Baikal
underwater Cherenkov detector {\it NT-200.} An upper limit on the
($\nu_e+\tilde{\nu_e}$) diffuse flux of $E^2 \Phi_{\nu}(E)<(1.3 \div 1.9)\cdot
10^{-6} {cm}^{-2} {s}^{-1} {sr}^{-1} {GeV}$ within a neutrino energy range
$10^4 \div 10^7 {GeV}$ is obtained, assuming an $E^{-2}$ behaviour of the
neutrino spectrum and flavor ratio
$(\nu_e+\tilde{\nu_e}):(\nu_{\mu}+\tilde{\nu_{\mu}})$=1:2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96819 </DOCNO>
The Bethe Equation at q=0, The M"obius Inversion Formula, and Weight


  It is shown that the numbers of off-diagonal solutions to the U_q(X^{(r)}_N)
Bethe equation at q=0 coincide with the coefficients in the recently introduced
canonical power series solution of the Q-system. Conjecturally the canonical
solutions are characters of the KR (Kirillov-Reshetikhin) modules. This implies
that the numbers of off-diagonal solutions agree with the weight
multiplicities, which is interpreted as a formal completeness of the
U_q(X^{(r)}_N) Bethe ansatz at q=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129211 </DOCNO>
Artifacts at 4.5 and 8.0 um in Short Wavelength Spectra from the


  Spectra from the Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) on ISO exhibit artifacts
at 4.5 and 8 um. These artifacts appear in spectra from a recent data release,
OLP 10.0, as spurious broad emission features in the spectra of stars earlier
than ~F0, such as alpha CMa. Comparison of absolutely calibrated spectra of
standard stars to corresponding spectra from the SWS reveals that these
artifacts result from an underestimation of the strength of the CO and SiO
molecular bands in the spectra of sources used as calibrators by the SWS.
Although OLP 10.0 was intended to be the final data release, these findings
have led to an additional release addressing this issue, OLP 10.1, which
corrects the artifacts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40905 </DOCNO>
Precision Top-Quark Physics


  I consider the measurement of the top-quark mass, the CKM matrix element
V_{tb}, and the top-quark Yukawa coupling to the Higgs boson at the Tevatron,
the LHC, and a Linear Collider. The theoretical motivations for these
measurements, as well as the experimental possibilities, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2394 </DOCNO>
Driven Heisenberg Magnets: Nonequilibrium Criticality, Spatiotemporal


  We drive a $d$-dimensional Heisenberg magnet using an anisotropic current.
The continuum Langevin equation is analysed using a dynamical renormalization
group and numerical simulations. We discover a rich steady-state phase diagram,
including a critical point in a new nonequilibrium universality class, and a
spatiotemporally chaotic phase. The latter may be `controlled' in a robust
manner to target spatially periodic steady states with helical order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148085 </DOCNO>
Zero-Mode Dynamics of String Webs


  At sufficiently low energy the dynamics of a string web is dominated by zero
modes involving rigid motion of the internal strings. The dimension of the
associated moduli space equals the maximal number of internal faces in the web.
The generic web moduli space has boundaries and multiple branches, and for webs
with three or more faces the geometry is curved. Webs can also be studied in a
lift to M-theory, where a string web is replaced by a membrane wrapped on a
holomorphic curve in spacetime. In this case the moduli space is complexified
and admits a Kaehler metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72377 </DOCNO>
Complete analysis of pion-nucleon scattering in chiral perturbation


  We consider pion-nucleon scattering in heavy-baryon chiral perturbation
theory to third order. All electromagnetic corrections appearing to this order
are included. We thus have a consistent description of strong and
electromagnetic effects, which allows us to isolate the strong part of the
interaction in an unambiguous way. We give pion-nucleon phase shifts up to pion
laboratory momenta of 100 MeV and find sizeable differences for the S-waves of
the elastic channels compared to previous phase shift analyses. The precise
description of the scattering process also allows us to address the question of
isospin violation in the strong interaction. For the usually employed triangle
relation we find an isospin breaking effect of -0.7% in the S-wave, whereas the
P-waves show an effect of -1.5% and -4 to -2.5%, respectively, for pion
laboratory momenta between 25 and 100 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96228 </DOCNO>
Some mapping theorems for extensional dimension


  We present some results related to theorems of Pasynkov and Torunczyk on the
geometry of maps of finite dimensional compacta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96828 </DOCNO>
The Eratosthenes Progression p_{k+1} = \pi^{-1}(p_k), k=0,1,2,..., p_0


  Formulas of $\pi(x)$-fine structure are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 154 </DOCNO>
Power-law Localization in 2D, 3D with Off-diagonal Disorder


  We describe non-conventional localization of the midband E=0 state in square
and cubic finite bipartite lattices with off-diagonal disorder by solving
numerically the linear equations for the corresponding amplitudes. This state
is shown to display multifractal fluctuations, having many sparse peaks, and by
scaling the participation ratio we obtain its disorder-dependent fractal
dimension $D_{2}$. A logarithmic average correlation function grows as $g(r)
\sim \eta \ln r$ at distance $r$ from the maximum amplitude and is consistent
with a typical overall power-law decay $|\psi(r)| \sim r^{-\eta}$ where $\eta $
is proportional to the strength of off-diagonal disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5897 </DOCNO>
Charge Transport Processes in a Superconducting Single-Electron


  We have investigated charge transport processes in a superconducting
single-electron transistor (S-SET) fabricated in close proximity to a
two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. The
macroscopic bonding pads of the S-SET along with the 2DEG form a microstrip
transmission line. We observe a variety of current-carrying cycles in the S-SET
which we attribute to simultaneous tunneling of Cooper pairs and emission of
photons into the microstrip. We find good agreement between these experimental
results and simulations including both photon emission and photon-assisted
tunneling due to the electromagnetic environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74500 </DOCNO>
The Lund Fragmentation Process for a Multi-gluon String According to the


  The Lund Area Law describes the probability for the production of a set of
colourless hadrons from an initial set of partons, in the Lund string
fragmentation model. In this paper we will present a general method to
implement the Area Law for a multi-gluon string state. The partonic states are
in general given by a perturbative QCD cascade and are consequently defined
only down to a cutoff in the energy momentum fluctuations. We will show that
our method defines the states down to the hadronic mass scale inside an
analytically calculable scenario.
 We will then show that there is a differential version of our process which is
closely related to the generalised rapidity range \lambda, which has been used
as a measure on the partonic states. We identify \lambda as the area spanned
between the directrix curve (the curve given by the parton energy momentum
vectors laid out in colour order, which determines the string surface) and the
average curve (to be called the P-curve) of the stochastic X-curves (curves
obtained when the hadronic energy-momentum vectors are laid out in rank order).
Finally we show that from the X-curve corresponding to a particular stochastic
fragmentation situation it is possible to reproduce the directrix curve (up to
one starting vector and a set of sign choices, one for each hadron).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96271 </DOCNO>
New spin Calogero-Sutherland models related to B_N-type Dunkl operators


  We construct several new families of exactly and quasi-exactly solvable
BC_N-type Calogero-Sutherland models with internal degrees of freedom. Our
approach is based on the introduction of two new families of Dunkl operators of
B_N type which, together with the original B_N-type Dunkl operators, are shown
to preserve certain polynomial subspaces of finite dimension. We prove that a
wide class of quadratic combinations involving these three sets of Dunkl
operators always yields a spin Calogero-Sutherland model, which is
(quasi-)exactly solvable by construction. We show that all the spin
Calogero-Sutherland models obtainable within this framework can be expressed in
a unified way in terms of a Weierstrass P function with suitable half-periods.
This provides a natural spin counterpart of the well-known general formula for
a scalar completely integrable potential of BC_N type due to Olshanetsky and
Perelomov. As an illustration of our method, we exactly compute several energy
levels and their corresponding wavefunctions of an elliptic quasi-exactly
solvable potential for two and three particles of spin 1/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81461 </DOCNO>
The Static Baryon Potential


  Using state of the art lattice techniques we investigate the static baryon
potential. We employ the multi-hit procedure for the time links and a
variational approach to determine the ground state with sufficient accuracy
that, for distances up to $\sim 1.2$ fm, we can distinguish the $Y$- and
$\Delta$- Ans\"atze for the baryonic Wilson area law. Our analysis shows that
the $\Delta$-Ansatz is favoured. This result is also supported by the
gauge-invariant nucleon wave function which we measure for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7222 </DOCNO>
Connecting local structure to interface formation: a molecular scale van


  This article reviews a new and general theory of nonuniform fluids that
naturally incorporates molecular scale information into the classical van der
Waals theory of slowly varying interfaces. The method optimally combines two
standard approximations, molecular (mean) field theory to describe interface
formation and linear response (or Gaussian fluctuation) theory to describe
local structure. Accurate results have been found in many different
applications in nonuniform simple fluids and these ideas may have important
implications for the theory of hydrophobic interactions in water.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114025 </DOCNO>
Direction dependency of extraordinary refraction index


  A simple experiment is presented that enables qualitative and quantitative
measurement of the extraordinary refractive index direction dependency in an
uniaxial nematic liquid crystal. Three liquid crystaline cells were designed in
which elongated molecules of nematic liquid crystal align in directions which
enable to observe the variation of extraordinary refractive index as a function
of the direction of light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96206 </DOCNO>
Growth rates of small cancellation groups


  We estimate growth rates for small cancellation groups. In particular we show
that there is a continuum possible values for exponential growth rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128288 </DOCNO>
The prompt gamma-ray emission of novae


  Classical novae are potential gamma-ray emitters, because of the
disintegration of some radioactive nuclei synthesized during the explosion.
Some short-lived isotopes (such as 13N and 18F), as well as the medium-lived
22Na, decay emitting positrons, which annihilate with electrons and thus are
responsible for the prompt emission of gamma-rays from novae. This emission
consists of a 511 keV line plus a continuum between 20 and 511 keV, and is
released before the maximum in visual luminosity, i.e., before the discovery of
the nova. The main characteristics of this prompt emission, together with the
related uncertainties (both of nuclear and hydrodynamical origin, with a
particular emphasis on the influence of the envelope properties) and prospects
for detectability are analyzed in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97267 </DOCNO>
Almost Parallel Structures


  A discussion of torsion of Riemannian G-structures leads to a survey of
contributions of Alfred Gray and others on almost Hermitian manifolds,
G_2-manifolds, curvature identities, volume expansions, plotting geodesics, and
the geometry of nilmanifolds. The paper concludes with a new example of a
compact 8-manifold with a quaternionic 4-form that is closed but not parallel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149040 </DOCNO>
Gauge theory of second class constraints without extra variables


  We show that any theory with second class constraints may be cast into a
gauge theory if one makes use of solutions of the constraints expressed in
terms of the coordinates of the original phase space. We perform a Lagrangian
path integral quantization of the resulting gauge theory and show that the
natural measure follows from a superfield formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75371 </DOCNO>
SU(4)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R Model from 5D SUSY SU(4)_c x SU(4)_{L+R}


  We investigate supersymmetric $SU(4)_c\times SU(4)_{L+R}$ theory in 5
dimensions whose compactification on a $S^{(1)}/Z_2$ orbifold yields N=1
supersymmetric $SU(4)_c\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R$ supplemented by a
$\tl{U}(1)$ gauge symmetry. We discuss how the $\mu $ problem is resolved, a
realistic Yukawa sector achieved, and a stable proton realized. Neutrino masses
and oscillations are also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6874 </DOCNO>
Self-organized criticality in a model of collective bank bankruptcies


  The question we address here is of whether phenomena of collective
bankruptcies are related to self-organized criticality. In order to answer it
we propose a simple model of banking networks based on the random directed
percolation. We study effects of one bank failure on the nucleation of
contagion phase in a financial market. We recognize the power law distribution
of contagion sizes in 3d- and 4d-networks as an indicator of SOC behavior. The
SOC dynamics was not detected in 2d-lattices. The difference between 2d- and
3d- or 4d-systems is explained due to the percolation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76612 </DOCNO>
Chiral Logs in the Presence of Staggered Flavor Symmetry Breaking


  Chiral logarithms in $m_\pi^2$ are calculated at one loop, taking into
account the leading contributions to flavor symmetry breaking due to staggered
fermions. I treat both the full QCD case (2+1 light dynamical flavors) and the
quenched case; finite volume corrections are included. My starting point is the
effective chiral Lagrangian introduced by Lee and Sharpe. It is necessary to
understand the one-loop diagrams in the ``quark flow'' picture in order to
adjust the calculation to correspond to the desired number of dynamical quarks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169410 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing separable and entangled states


  We show how to design families of operational criteria that distinguish
entangled from separable quantum states. The simplest of these tests
corresponds to the well-known Peres-Horodecki positive partial transpose (PPT)
criterion, and the more complicated tests are strictly stronger. The new
criteria are tractable due to powerful computational and theoretical methods
for the class of convex optimization problems known as semidefinite programs.
We successfully applied the results to many low-dimensional states from the
literature where the PPT test fails. As a byproduct of the criteria, we provide
an explicit construction of the corresponding entanglement witnesses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75115 </DOCNO>
Using Lattice QCD and ChPT to obtain non-leptonic K-decay amplitudes


  We summarize some of the difficulties that confront lattice calculations of
non-leptonic kaon decay matrix elements. We review some of the methods that
have been proposed to overcome these difficulties, and discuss the importance
of one-loop ChPT in this respect, including the role of O(p^4) operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124134 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Survey of the Hubble Deep Field North Area. IV. An


  We present results from a 479.7 ks Chandra exposure of the Hubble Deep Field
North (HDF-N) and its immediate vicinity. In our X-ray image, the deepest ever
reported with a 0.5-2.0 keV flux limit of about 4.9 x 10^{-17} erg/cm^2/s, we
detect four new HDF-N X-ray sources bringing the total number of such sources
to 12. The new sources include two optically bright (R=18.3-18.8), low-redshift
(z<0.15) galaxies, a Fanaroff-Riley I radio galaxy, and an edge-on spiral
hosting either a powerful starburst or a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus
(AGN). Notably, we have now detected X-ray emission from all luminous galaxies
(M_V<-18) with z<0.15 known in the HDF-N. We have also detected the remarkable
microJy radio source VLA J123642.09+621331.4, which is located just outside the
HDF-N and has a likely redshift of z=4.424. We have detected X-ray variability
from two of the previously known HDF-N X-ray sources, and spectral fitting
shows clear evidence for X-ray absorption in the brightest X-ray source in the
HDF-N, a z=0.960 broad-line AGN with associated Mg II absorption. Stacking
analyses of optically bright HDF-N galaxies not individually detected in X-rays
have provided estimates of their average X-ray fluxes, and we find that the
X-ray luminosities of `normal' spirals at z~0.5 are not more than a factor of
\~2 larger (per unit B-band luminosity) than those of spirals in the local
Universe (z<0.01). This constrains models for the evolution of low-mass X-ray
binary populations in galaxies in response to the declining cosmic
star-formation rate. Monte-Carlo simulations support the validity of the
stacking analyses and show that the Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer
(ACIS) performs source detection well even with effective exposure times of ~8
Ms. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72936 </DOCNO>
Master Formulae for Delta F=2 NLO-QCD Factors in the Standard Model and


  We present analytic formulae for the QCD renormalization group factors
relating the Wilson coefficients C_i(mu_t) and C_i(mu), with mu_t = O(m_t) and
mu < mu_t, of the Delta F=2 dimension six four-quark operators Q_i in the
Standard Model and in all of its extensions. Analogous analytic formulae for
the QCD factors relating the matrix elements <Q_i(2 GeV)> and <Q_i(mu_K)> with
mu_K < 2GeV are also presented. The formulae are given in the NDR scheme. The
strongest renormalization-group effects are found for the operators with the
Dirac structures (1 - gamma_5)*(1 + gamma_5) and (1 - gamma_5)*(1 - gamma_5).
We calculate the matrix elements <\bar K^0|Q_i|K^0> in the NDR scheme using the
lattice results in the LRI scheme. We give expressions for the mass differences
Delta M_K and Delta M_B and the CP-violating parameter epsilon_K in terms of
the non-perturbative parameters B_i and the Wilson coefficients C_i(mu_t). The
latter summarize the dependence on new physics contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174723 </DOCNO>
Observation of eta-mesic nuclei in photoreactions: results and


  Recent results from the LPI experiment on searching for eta-mesic nuclei in
photoreactions are discussed and further perspectives are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124387 </DOCNO>
The SAURON project. I. The panoramic integral-field spectrograph


  A new integral-field spectrograph, SAURON, is described. It is based on the
Tiger principle, and uses a lenslet array. SAURON has a large field of view and
high throughput, and allows simultaneous sky subtraction. Its design is
optimized for studies of the stellar kinematics, gas kinematics, and
line-strength distributions of nearby early-type galaxies. The instrument
design and specifications are described, as well as the extensive analysis
software which was developed to obtain fully calibrated spectra, and the
associated kinematic and line-strength measurements. A companion paper reports
on the first results obtained with SAURON on the William Herschel Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128204 </DOCNO>
The Be/X-ray Binary LSI+61303 in terms of Ejector-Propeller Model


  We tested the ejector-propeller model of the Be/X-ray binary LSI+61303 (V 615
Cas, GT 0236+620) by using the parameters predicted by the model in the
calculations of the X-ray and radio variability. The results are: (1) in terms
of the Ejector-Propeller model, the X-ray maximum is due to the periastron
passage; (2) the radio outburst can be really a result of the transition from
the propeller to ejector regimes; (3) the radio outburst will delay with
respect to the X-ray maximum every orbital period. The proposed scenario seems
to be in good agreement with the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41798 </DOCNO>
Results on mixing in the D0 system from BaBar


  With 12.3 fb-1 collected by the BaBar experiment in 2001, the mixing
parameter y = Delta(Gamma)/(2 Gamma) is determined from the ratio of the D0
lifetimes measured in the D0 --> K- pi+ and in the D0 --> K- K+ decay modes.
The preliminary result y = (-1.0 +- 2.2(stat.) +- 1.7(syst.))% is obtained.
Also presented is the status of measuring the mixing parameters y and x^2 =
[Delta(M)/Gamma]^2 from a simultaneous fit to the time evolution of the decay
time distributions of Cabibbo-favored right-sign (D0 --> K- pi+) and doubly
Cabibbo-suppressed wrong-sign (D0 --> K+ pi-) decays. The wrong-sign decay
rate, R_WS = (# WS decays)/(# RS decays) = (0.38 +- 0.04(stat.) +-
0.02(syst.))% is obtained from the fit to 23 fb-1 of BaBar data taken in 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96681 </DOCNO>
Local statistics of lattice dimers


  We show how to compute the probability of any given local configuration in a
random tiling of the plane with dominos. That is, we explicitly compute the
measures of cylinder sets for the measure of maximal entropy $\mu$ on the space
of tilings of the plane with dominos.
  We construct a measure $\nu$ on the set of lozenge tilings of the plane, show
that its entropy is the topological entropy, and compute explicitly the
$\nu$-measures of cylinder sets.
  As applications of these results, we prove that the translation action is
strongly mixing for $\mu$ and $\nu$, and compute the rate of convergence to
mixing (the correlation between distant events). For the measure $\nu$ we
compute the variance of the height function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98185 </DOCNO>
Partially Paradoxist Smarandache Geometries


  A paradoxist Smarandache geometry combines Euclidean, hyperbolic, and
elliptic geometry into one space along with other non-Euclidean behaviors of
lines that would seem to require a discrete space. A class of continuous spaces
is presented here together with specific exmples that exhibit almost all of
these phenomena and suggest the prospect of a continuous paradoxist geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97833 </DOCNO>
Open problems on GKK tau-matrices


  We propose several open problems on GKK tau-matrices raised by examples
showing that some such matrices are unstable

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127113 </DOCNO>
Very high-energy observations of the Crab nebula with the GRAAL


  The ``Gamma Ray Astronomy at ALmeria'' (GRAAL) experiment uses 63
heliostat-mirrors with a total mirror area of ~ 2500 m2 from the CESA-1 field
to collect Cherenkov light from airshowers. The detector is located in a
central solar tower and detects photon-induced showers with an energy threshold
of 250 +- 110 GeV and an asymptotic effective detection area of about 15000 m2.
Data sets taken in the period September 1999 - September 2000 in the direction
of the Crab pulsar were analysed for high energy gamma-ray emission. Evidence
for gamma-ray flux from the Crab pulsar with an integral flux of 2.2 +- 0.4
(stat) $^{+1.9}_{-1.5}$ (syst) x 10$^{-9}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ above threshold
and a significance of 4.5 sigma in a total (usable) observing time of 7 hours
and 10 minutes on source was found. No evidence for emission from the other
sources was seen. The effect of field-of-view restricted to the central part of
a detected airshower on the lateral distribution and timing properties of
Cherenkov light and their effect on an efficient gamma-hadron separation are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113635 </DOCNO>
Variational calculation of positronium-helium-atom scattering length


  We present a variational basis-set calculational scheme for elastic
scattering of positronium atom by helium atom in S wave and apply it to the
calculation of the scattering length. Highly correlated trial functions with
appropriate symmetry are used in this calculation. We report numerical result
for the scattering length in atomic unit: $(1.0\pm 0.1)a_0$. This corresponds
to a zero-energy elastic cross section of $(4.0\pm 0.8)\pi a_0^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96504 </DOCNO>
A Compactification of the Space of Plane Curves


  We define a geometrically meaningful compactification of the moduli space of
smooth plane curves, which can be calculated explicitly. The basic idea is to
regard a plane curve D in P^2 as a pair (P^2,D) of a surface together with a
divisor, and allow both the surface and the curve to degenerate. For plane
curves of degree d at least 4, we obtain a compactification M_d which is a
moduli space of stable pairs (X,D) using the log minimal model program. A
stable pair (X,D) consists of a surface X such that -K_X is ample and a divisor
D in a given linear system on X with specified singularities. Note that X may
be non-normal, and K_X is Q-Cartier but not Cartier in general. We give a rough
classification of stable pairs of arbitrary degree, a complete classification
in degrees 4 and 5, and a partial classification in degree 6. The
compactification is particularly simple if d is not a multiple of 3 - in
particular the surface X has at most 2 components. We give a characterisation
of these surfaces in terms of the singularities and the Picard numbers of the
components. Moreover, we show that M_d is smooth in this case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148583 </DOCNO>
On the Eleven-Dimensional Origins of Polarized D0-branes


  The worldvolume theory of a D0-brane contains a multiplet of fermions which
can couple to background spacetime fields. This coupling implies that a
D0-brane may possess multipole moments with respect to the various type IIA
supergravity fields. Different such polarization states of the D0-brane will
thus generate different long-range supergravity fields, and the corresponding
semi-classical supergravity solutions will have different geometries. In this
paper, we reconsider such solutions from an eleven-dimensional perspective. We
thus begin by deriving the ``superpartners'' of the eleven-dimensional
graviton. These superpartners are obtained by acting on the purely bosonic
solution with broken supersymmetries and, in theory, one can obtain the full
BPS supermultiplet of states. When we dimensionally reduce a polarized
supergraviton along its direction of motion, we recover a metric which
describes a polarized D0-brane. On the other hand, if we compactify along the
retarded null direction we obtain the short distance, or ``near-horizon'',
geometry of a polarized D0-brane, which is related to finite $N$ Matrix theory.
The various dipole moments in this case can only be defined once the
eleven-dimensional metric is ``regularized'' and, even then, they are formally
infinite. We argue, however, that this is to be expected in such a
non-asymptotically flat spacetime. Moreover, we find that the superpartners of
the D0-brane, in this $r \ra 0$ limit, possess neither spin nor D2-brane dipole
moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174770 </DOCNO>
Exclusive light particle measurements for the system $^{19}$F + $^{12}$C


  Decay sequence of hot ${31}^$P nucleus has been investigated through
exclusive light charged particle measurements in coincidence with individual
evaporation residues using the reaction ${19}^$F (96 MeV) + ${12}^$C.
Information on the sequential decay chain have been extracted by confronting
the data with the predictions of the statistical model. It is observed from the
present analysis that such exclusive light charged particle data may be used as
a powerful tool to probe the decay sequence of the hot light compound systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2853 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling in Fe/c-SiFe/Fe sandwiches and


  We report the first ab-initio study of the interlayer exchange coupling in
Fe/c-FeSi/Fe sandwiches and Fe/c-FeSi multilayers. We perform several
structural studies, which show the stability of the CsCl arrangement seen
experimentally for the spacer. We find antiferromagnetic coupling between the
Fe slabs for spacer thicknesses smaller than about 15 $\AA$, for both
sandwiches and multilayers structures. We also study the effect of pinholes,
interface roughness or structural misconfigurations of the spacer on the sign
and magnitude of the exchange constant J. We finally show that the asymptotic
behavior of J is determined by a flat band of the c-FeSi spacer, located at the
M point in the Brillouin zone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5074 </DOCNO>
Non-universal scaling and dynamical feedback in generalized models of


  We study self-organized models for information transmission and herd behavior
in financial markets. Existing models are generalized to take into account the
effect of size-dependent fragmentation and coagulation probabilities of groups
of agents and to include a demand process. Non-universal scaling with a tunable
exponent for the group size distribution is found in the resulting system. We
also show that the fragmentation and coagulation probabilities of groups of
agents have a strong influence on the average investment rate of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123649 </DOCNO>
Transmission Spectra as Diagnostics of Extrasolar Giant Planet


  Atmospheres of transiting extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) such as HD 209458 b
must impose features on the spectra of their parent stars during transits;
these features contain information about the physical conditions and chemical
composition of the atmospheres. The most convenient observational index showing
these features is the ``spectrum ratio'', defined as the wavelength-dependent
ratio of spectra taken in and out of transit. I describe a model that estimates
this ratio and its dependence upon parameters of the planetary atmosphere,
including its cloud structure, temperature, chemical composition, and wind
fields. For giant planets in close orbits, the depths of atomic and molecular
features in the spectrum ratio may be as large as 0.001. Observations in
visible and near-IR wavelengths using existing and planned spectrographs should
be adequate to detect these features, and to provide some diagnostics of the
conditions within the planetary atmosphere. I give numerous examples of such
diagnostics, and I discuss their practicality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168841 </DOCNO>
Alternative Hamiltonian Desciptions and Statistical Mechanics


  We argue here that, as it happens in Classical and Quantum Mechanics, where
it has been proven that alternative Hamiltonian descriptions can be compatible
with a given set of equations of motion, the same holds true in the realm of
Statistical Mechanics, i.e. that alternative Hamiltonian descriptions do lead
to the same thermodynamical description of any physical system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113511 </DOCNO>
Alternative to R_lambda-scaling of Small-Scale Turbulence Statistics


  Traditionally, trends of universal turbulence statistics are presented versus
R-lambda, which is the Reynolds number based on Taylor's scale, lambda, and the
root-mean-squared (rms) velocity component, u'. Taylor's scale and u', and
hence R-lambda, do not have the attribute of universality. The ratio of rms
fluid-particle acceleration to rms viscous acceleration is an alternative to
R-lambda which has the advantage of being determined by the small scales of
turbulence. This ratio, denoted R-a, has the following attributes: it is a
Reynolds number, it is composed of statistics of the small scales of
turbulence, it can be evaluated with single-wire hot-wire anemometry, and like
R-lambda, can be partially evaluated by means of flow similarity. For isotropic
turbulence the relationship between R-a and R-lambda is shown. Velocity
derivative flatness measured between counter-rotating blades appears monotonic
when graphed versus R-a, unlike when graphed versus R-lambda.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74811 </DOCNO>
Comparison of the FLUKA calculations with CAPRICE94 data on muons in


  In order to benchmark the 3-dimensional calculation of the atmospheric
neutrino flux based on the FLUKA Monte Carlo code, muon fluxes in the
atmosphere have been computed and compared with data taken by the CAPRICE94
experiment at ground level and at different altitudes in the atmosphere. For
this purpose only two additions have been introduced with respect to the
neutrino flux calculation: the specific solar modulation corresponding to the
period of data taking and the bending of charged particles in the atmosphere.
Results are in good agreement with experimental data, although improvements in
the model are possible. At this level, however, it is not possible to
disentangle the interplay between the primary flux and the interaction model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97345 </DOCNO>
Covering Dimension for Nuclear C*-algebras


  We introduce the completely positive rank, a notion of covering dimension for
nuclear $C^*$-algebras and analyze some of its properties.
  The completely positive rank behaves nicely with respect to direct sums,
quotients, ideals and inductive limits. For abelian $C^*$-algebras it coincides
with covering dimension of the spectrum and there are similar results for
continuous trace algebras.
  As it turns out, a $C^*$-algebra is zero-dimensional precisely if it is $AF$.
We consider various examples, particularly of one-dimensional $C^*$-algebras,
like the irrational rotation algebras, the Bunce-Deddens algebras or
Blackadar's simple unital projectionless $C^*$-algebra.
  Finally, we compare the completely positive rank to other concepts of
noncommutative covering dimension, such as stable or real rank.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5890 </DOCNO>
The Spherical Landau Problem


  The magnetization for electrons on a two-dimensional sphere, under a
spherically symmetrical normal magnetic field has been studied in the large
field limit. This allows us to use an Euclidean approximation for low energies
electron states getting an analytical solution for the problem and avoiding the
difficulties of quantization on a curved manifold. At low temperatures our
results are exact and allow direct comparisson with the planar Landau case. In
this temperature limit we compute the magnetization and show it exhibit an
oscillatory de Hass-Van Alphen type of behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7463 </DOCNO>
Nuclear ferromagnetism induced Fulde-Ferell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state


  We present a theoretical study of the influence of the nuclear ferromagnetism
on superconductivity in the presence of the electron-nuclear spin interaction.
It is demonstrated that in some metals, e.g. Rh, W, the BCS condensate imbedded
in a matrix of ferromagneticaly ordered nuclear spins should manifest the FFLO
(Fulde-Ferel-Larkin-Ovchinniov) state. We outline that the optimal experimental
conditions for observation of FFLO could be achieved by creation, via adiabatic
nuclear demagnetization, of the negative nuclear spin temperatures. In this
case the nuclear polarization points in the opposite to the external magnetic
field direction and the electromagnetic part of the nuclear spin magnetization
compensates the external magnetic field, while the exchange part creates the
nonhomogeneous superconducting order parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74922 </DOCNO>
Wilson Lines and Symmetry Breaking on Orbifolds


  A five-dimensional SU(5) grand unified theory is constructed on the orbifold
S^1/Z_2, with gauge symmetry breaking accomplished by a background gauge field.
The theory is shown to be equivalent to one with gauge symmetry breaking by
orbifold boundary conditions --- the two pictures are related by a non-periodic
gauge transformation. This effective field theory possesses localized explicit
breaking of SU(5) on one of the orbifold fixed points. Split multiplets on this
fixed point are shown not to induce violations of unitarity in scattering
amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174639 </DOCNO>
Forward Energy and Multiplicity in Au-Au reactions at sqrt{S}=130GeV


  For relativistic heavy ion collisions the energy flow in the collision
reveals information on the equation of state of matter at high density. The
BRAHMS experiment has studied the relation between multipliciity in the
sidewards direction and zero degree energy using our Tile Multiplicity Array
and Zero Degree Calorimeters. To understand this spectrum requires a knowledge
of the coalesence of nucleons that are close in phase space. We have also
studied electromagnetic collisions and compared our results to lower energy
data. As the center of mass energy increases, each nucleus sees a stronger
electromagnetic field resulting in more energy being absorbed. This in turn
causes an increase in the neutron multiplicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85900 </DOCNO>
Scalar Field Dark Matter


  This work is a review of the last results of research on the Scalar Field
Dark Matter model of the Universe at cosmological and at galactic level. We
present the complete solution to the scalar field cosmological scenario in
which the dark matter is modeled by a scalar field $\Phi$ with the scalar
potential $V(\Phi)=V_{0}(cosh {(\lambda \sqrt{\kappa_{0}}\Phi)}-1)$ and the
dark energy is modeled by a scalar field $\Psi$, endowed with the scalar
potential $\tilde{V}(\Psi)= \tilde{V_{0}}(\sinh{(\alpha
\sqrt{\kappa_{0}}\Psi)})^{\beta}$, which together compose the 95% of the total
matter energy in the Universe. The model presents successfully deals with the
up to date cosmological observations, and is a good candidate to treat the dark
matter problem at the galactic level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96059 </DOCNO>
Manifolds with quadratic curvature decay and fast volume growth


  We give sufficient conditions for a noncompact Riemannian manifold, which has
quadratic curvature decay, to have finite topological type with ends that are
cones over spherical space forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125941 </DOCNO>
Absorption Measurement of Hydrogen Molecules in the Early Universe


  We investigate the observability of hydrogen molecules in absorption. The
absorption efficiency of the hydrogen molecules become comparable with or
larger than that of the dust grains in the metal-poor condition expected in the
early Universe. If we can use bright infrared continuum sources behind the
molecular gas clouds, the absorption measurement of the hydrogen molecules will
be an important technique to explore the primordial gas clouds that are
contracting into first-generation objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41805 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Monopoles


  We discuss the experimental situation of direct searches at accelerators for
Dirac magnetic monopoles, and in the penetrating cosmic radiation for the
superheavy magnetic monopoles predicted by GUT theories. We also discuss the
searches for intermediate mass monopoles (wich are predicted by theories in
extra dimensions), and for nuclearites and Q-balls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127524 </DOCNO>
Planetary nebulae as mass tracers of their parent galaxies: biases in


  Multi-object and multi-fiber spectrographs on 4 and 8 meter telescopes make
it possible to use extragalactic planetary nebulae (PNe) in the outer halos of
early-type galaxies as kinematical tracers, where classical techniques based on
integrated stellar light fail. Until now, published PNe radial velocity samples
are small, with only a few tens of radial velocity measurements (except for a
few cases like NGC 5128 or M31), causing uncertainties in the mass and angular
momentum estimates based on these data. To quantify these uncertainties, we
have made equilibrium models for spherical galaxies, with and without dark
matter, and via Montecarlo simulations we produce radial velocity samples with
different sizes. We then apply, to these discrete radial velocity fields, the
same standard kinematical analysis as it is commonly done with small samples of
observed PNe radial velocities. By comparison of the inferred quantities with
those computed from the analytical model, we test for systematic biases and
establish a robust procedure to infer the angular momentum distribution and
radial velocity dispersion profiles from such samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3356 </DOCNO>
The Influence of Quantum Critical Fluctuations of Circulating Current


  We study a model of the quantum critical point of cuprates associated with
the "circulating current" order parameter proposed by Varma. An effective
action of the order parameter in the quantum disordered phase is derived using
functional integral method, and the physical properties of the normal state are
studied based on the action. The results derived within the ladder
approximation indicate that the system is like Fermi liquid near the quantum
critical point and in disordered regime up to minor corrections. This implies
that the suggested marginal Fermi liquid behavior induced by the circulating
current fluctuations will come in from beyond the ladder diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85684 </DOCNO>
The Wahlquist-Newman solution


  Based on a geometrical property which holds both for the Kerr metric and for
the Wahlquist metric we argue that the Kerr metric is a vacuum subcase of the
Wahlquist perfect-fluid solution. The Kerr-Newman metric is a physically
preferred charged generalization of the Kerr metric. We discuss which geometric
property makes this metric so special and claim that a charged generalization
of the Wahlquist metric satisfying a similar property should exist. This is the
Wahlquist-Newman metric, which we present explicitly in this paper. This family
of metrics has eight essential parameters and contains the Kerr-Newman-de
Sitter and the Wahlquist metrics, as well as the whole Pleba\'nski limit of the
rotating C-metric, as particular cases. We describe the basic geometric
properties of the Wahlquist-Newman metric, including the electromagnetic field
and its sources, the static limit of the family and the extension of the
spacetime across the horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98012 </DOCNO>
Techniques for approaching the dual Ramsey property in the projective


  We define the dualizations of objects and concepts which are essential for
investigating the Ramsey property in the first levels of the projective
hierarchy, prove a forcing equivalence theorem for dual Mathias forcing and
dual Laver forcing, and show that the Harrington-Kechris techniques for proving
the Ramsey property from determinacy work in the dualized case as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129600 </DOCNO>
Clues on the nature of low-z radio sources from the 2dFGRS


  We use redshift determinations and spectral analysis of galaxies in the 2dF
Galaxy Redshift Survey to study the properties of local radio sources with
$S\ge 1$ mJy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127442 </DOCNO>
Cosmological implications of galaxy clusters: best-fit models


  The galaxy cluster power spectrum and mass/temperature functions are
currently the most precise observational tools for constraining the theory of
the formation of large scale structure (LSS) in the Universe. Complementing
these tests by the observational data at larger (cosmic microwave backgroud
anisortopy (CMBA)) and smaller (distribution of $Ly_\alpha$ clouds) scales
opens the way to a straightforward determination of the cosmological parameters
in simplest dark matter (DM) models. We argue that such a 'minimal data set' is
free from systematic effects and can indicate quite precisely the parameters of
spatially flat mixed DM model with a positive cosmological constant and no
cosmic gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148379 </DOCNO>
A generating formulation for free higher spin massless fields


  An action describing the dynamics of an infinite collection of massless
integer spin fields with spin s=0,1,2,3, ...$\infty$ corresponding to totally
symmetric Young tableaux representations of Poincare and anti-de Sitter groups
is constructed, in any dimension d, in terms of two functions on a
2d-dimensional manifold. The action is represented by an integral localized on
a 2d-1-dimensional hypersurface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72817 </DOCNO>
Two-loop QCD corrections to gluon-gluon scattering


  We present the O(alpha_s^4) virtual QCD corrections to gluon-gluon scattering
due to the interference of tree and two-loop amplitudes. We work in
conventional dimensional regularisation and give analytic expressions
renormalised in the MSbar scheme. The structure of the infrared divergences
agrees with that predicted by Catani while formulae for the finite remainder
are given in terms of logarithms and polylogarithms that are real in the
physical region. These results, together with those previously obtained for
quark-quark and quark-gluon scattering, complete the two-loop matrix elements
needed for the next-to-next-to-leading order contribution to inclusive jet
production at hadron colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127555 </DOCNO>
The Nature of the Faint Radio Population


  We present the results obtained so far from the optical follow-up of the
ATESP sub-mJy radio survey. The ATESP results are then compared with the ones
obtained from other deep radio samples and we show how the existing
discrepancies about the nature of the faint radio population can be explained
in terms of selection effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128652 </DOCNO>
Thickening of galactic disks through clustered star formation


  (Abridged) The building blocks of galaxies are star clusters. These form with
low-star formation efficiencies and, consequently, loose a large part of their
stars that expand outwards once the residual gas is expelled by the action of
the massive stars. Massive star clusters may thus add kinematically hot
components to galactic field populations. This kinematical imprint on the
stellar distribution function is estimated here by calculating the velocity
distribution function for ensembles of star-clusters distributed as power-law
or log-normal initial cluster mass functions (ICMFs). The resulting stellar
velocity distribution function is non-Gaussian and may be interpreted as being
composed of multiple kinematical sub-populations. The notion that the formation
of star-clusters may add hot kinematical components to a galaxy is applied to
the age--velocity-dispersion relation of the Milky Way disk to study the
implied history of clustered star formation, with an emphasis on the possible
origin of the thick disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129454 </DOCNO>
The CORALS Survey II: Clues to Galaxy Clustering Around QSOs from z_abs


  We present a list of z_abs ~ z_em (Delta v < 3000 km/s) DLAs discovered
during the CORALS survey for absorbers in a radio-selected QSO sample. On the
assumption that z_abs ~ z_em DLAs are neither ejecta from the QSO, nor part of
the host galaxy itself, we use the number density statistics of these DLAs to
investigate galaxy clustering near the QSO redshift. We find that n(z) of z_abs
\~ z_em DLAs in our radio-selected QSO sample is ~4 times larger than the number
density of intervening DLAs, implying an excess of galaxies near the QSO. This
result is further supported with the inclusion of the radio-loud QSOs in the
FIRST survey, although the total number of DLAs is still small (4) and the
result is currently only significant at approximately the 2 sigma level. Since
all of the z_abs ~ z_em DLAs we identify in CORALS are found towards optically
bright (B < 20) QSOs, there is no strong evidence (based on these limited
statistics) that this population suffers from a severe dust bias. We compare
our results with those from an optically-selected, radio-quiet QSO sample in
order to determine whether there is evidence for an excess of galaxies around
radio-loud versus radio-quiet QSOs. We find that the n(z) of z_abs ~ z_em DLAs
towards radio-quiet QSOs is in agreement with the number density of intervening
absorbers. This result, although currently limited by the small number
statistics of our survey, supports the conclusion that radio-loud quasars are
found preferentially in rich galaxy environments at high redshift. Finally, we
report that one of the new z_abs ~ z_em DLAs discovered by CORALS has some
residual flux in the base of the Lya trough which may be due to Lya emission,
either from star formation in the DLA galaxy or from gas photoionised by the
QSO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124931 </DOCNO>
The Tensor to Scalar Ratio of Phantom Dark Energy Models


  We investigate the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background in a class
of models which possess a positive cosmic energy density but negative pressure,
with a constant equation of state w = p/rho < -1. We calculate the temperature
and polarization anisotropy spectra for both scalar and tensor perturbations by
modifying the publicly available code CMBfast. For a constant initial curvature
perturbation or tensor normalization, we have calculated the final anisotropy
spectra as a function of the dark energy density and equation of state w and of
the scalar and tensor spectral indices. This allows us to calculate the
dependence of the tensor-to-scalar ratio on w in a model with phantom dark
energy, which may be important for interpreting any future detection of
long-wavelength gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148502 </DOCNO>
Codimension zero superembeddings


  Superembeddings which have bosonic codimension zero are studied in 3,4 and 6
dimensions. The worldvolume multiplets of these branes are off-shell vector
multiplets in these dimensions, and their self-interactions include a
Born-Infeld term. It is shown how they can be written in terms of standard
vector multiplets in flat superspace by working in the static gauge. The action
formula is used to determine both Green-Schwarz type actions and superfield
actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148394 </DOCNO>
A New Mechanism for Trapping of Photon


  We propose a new mechanism for trapping bulk gauge field, giving rise to a
massless photon on a flat Minkowski 3-brane in the Randall-Sundrum model in
five space-time dimensions. The mechanism we propose employs the topological
Higgs mechansim where a topological term and a 3-form gauge potential play an
important role. This new mechanism might be considered as a gauge field's
analog of the localization of bulk fermions with the mass term of a 'kink'
profile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3625 </DOCNO>
Effective Hamiltonian and low-lying energy clustering patterns of


  We study the low-lying energy clustering patterns of quantum antiferromagnets
with p sublattices (in particular p=4). We treat each sublattice as a large
spin, and using second-order degenerate perturbation theory, we derive the
effective (biquadratic) Hamiltonian coupling the p large spins. In order to
compare with exact diagonalizations, the Hamiltonian is explicitly written for
a finite-size lattice, and it contains information on energies of excited
states as well as the ground state. The result is applied to the
face-centered-cubic Type I antiferromagnet of spin 1/2, including
second-neighbor interactions. A 32-site system is exactly diagonalized, and the
energy spectrum of the low-lying singlets follows the analytically predicted
clustering pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5540 </DOCNO>
Auger-electron cascades in diamond and amorphous carbon


  We have analyzed the cascade of secondary electrons in diamond and amorphous
carbon generated by the thermalisation of a single Auger electron. The elastic
electron mean free path was calculated as a function of impact energy in the
muffin-tin potential approximation. The inelastic scattering cross section and
the energy loss of the electron (expressed in terms of differential inverse
mean free path) were estimated from two "optical" models, that utilise the
measured dielectric constants of the materials. Using these data, a Monte-Carlo
model describing the time evolution of the cascade was constructed. The results
show that at most around 20-40 secondary cascade electrons are released by a
single Auger electron in a macroscopic sample of diamond or amorphous carbon.
Consideration of the real band structure of diamond reduces this number
further. The release of the cascade electrons happens within the first 100
femtoseconds after the emission of the primary Auger electron. The results have
implications to planned experiments with femtosecond X-ray sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76095 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production in CC and NC DIS and The Structure of Real and


  This thesis consists of two parts. In the first part heavy quark production
in neutral current and charged current DIS is studied within the variable
flavor number scheme of Aivazis, Collins, Olness, and Tung (ACOT). For this
purpose all the relevant partonic subprocesses have been calculated to order
O(\alpha_s^1) for general masses and couplings taking into account massive
initial state quark-partons as needed in the variable flavor number scheme of
ACOT. By the calculation of the before missing radiative corrections to
scattering amplitudes on massive quark partons the ACOT scheme could be
completed to full order O(\alpha_s^1). These results might also prove useful
for studying the intrinsic charm content of nucleons. In the second part the
parton content of pions and real and virtual photons is analyzed in leading
order (LO) and next-to-leading oder (NLO) QCD within the framework of the
radiative parton model of Gl\"uck, Reya, and Vogt (GRV). Furthermore, the
factorization of the cross section for the process e^+ e^- -> e^+ e^- X into
fluxes of transverse/longitudinal target photons and the cross sections for
deep inelastic scattering off these target photons is investigated in detail.
It is demonstrated that the factorization remains valid also for virtual P^2 \=
0 target photons in the Bjorken limit P^2 << Q^2. However, the neglected terms
are of the order O(\sqrt{P^2/Q^2}) only and not of the order O(P^2/Q^2) as
might have been naively expected. Finally, the photon structure functions have
been calculated in lowest order perturbation theory according to the doubly
virtual box \gamma^*(P^2) \gamma^*(Q^2) -> q \bar{q}. A useful compilation of
various limits of these general expressions is provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169539 </DOCNO>
Understanding Quantum Entanglement of Bipartite System Based on Bell


  We present an alternative definition of quantum entanglement for bipartite
system based on Bell inequality and operators' noncommutativity. A state is
said to be entangled, if the maximum of CHSH expectation value $F_{\max}$ is
obtain by noncommutative measures on each particle of the bipartite system;
otherwise, the state is a disentangled state. A uniform measure quantifying the
degree of entanglement for any state of the bipartite system is also proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1519 </DOCNO>
Search in Power-Law Networks


  Many communication and social networks have power-law link distributions,
containing a few nodes which have a very high degree and many with low degree.
The high connectivity nodes play the important role of hubs in communication
and networking, a fact which can be exploited when designing efficient search
algorithms. We introduce a number of local search strategies which utilize high
degree nodes in power-law graphs and which have costs which scale sub-linearly
with the size of the graph. We also demonstrate the utility of these strategies
on the Gnutella peer-to-peer network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86932 </DOCNO>
GR16: Quantum General Relativity


  This is the report of the "Quantum General Relativity" session, at the 16th
International Conference on General Relativity & Gravitation, held on July 15th
to 21st 2001, in Durban, South Africa. The report will appear on the
Proceedings of the conference. Comments and criticisms are welcome: they will
be taken into account for revising the text before the publication.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75015 </DOCNO>
Renormalizing the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the one pion exchange


  We address the question whether the cut-off dependence, which has to be
introduced in order to properly define the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the
one pion exchange potential plus local (delta-function) potentials, can be
removed (up to inverse powers of it) by a suitable tuning of the various (bare)
coupling constants. We prove that this is indeed so both for the spin singlet
and for the spin triplet channels. However, the latter requires such a strong
cut-off dependence of the coupling constant associated to the non-local term
which breaks orbital angular momentum conservation, that the renormalized
amplitude lacks from partial wave mixing. We argue that this is an indication
that this term must be treated perturbatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125215 </DOCNO>
Screening the Hipparcos-based astrometric orbits of sub-stellar objects


  The combination of Hipparcos astrometric data with the spectroscopic data of
putative extrasolar planets seems to indicate that a significant fraction of
these low-mass companions could be brown or M dwarfs Han et al. (2001). We show
that this is due to the adopted reduction procedure, and consequently that the
Hipparcos data do not reject the planetary mass hypothesis in all but one
cases. Additional companions, undetected so far, might also explain the large
astrometric residuals of some of these stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129609 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Galaxy Formation


  I describe some of the current challenges in galaxy formation theory with
applications to formation of disks and of spheroids. Forthcoming deep surveys
of galaxies with Keck and VLT will provide high quality spectra of $\sim 10^5$
galaxies that will probe stellar populations and star formation rates at
redshift unity. This will help refine our phenomenological knowledge of galaxy
evolution and enable robust predictions to be developed for future
breakthroughs in understanding galaxy formation at high redshift that are
anticipated with NGST and with the proposed new generation of 30 metre-class
telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76747 </DOCNO>
Charm Antiquark and Charm Quark in the Nucleon


  We estimate the intrinsic charm contributions to the quark flavor and spin
observables of the nucleon in the SU(4) quark meson fluctuation model. In this
model, the charm or anticharm reside in the charmed mesons created by the
nonperturbative quantum quark-meson fluctuations. The intrinsic charm content
in the proton, $2\bar c/\sum(q+\bar q) \simeq 0.011\pm 0.008$, is almost one
order of magnitude smaller than the intrinsic strange content. The intrinsic
charm helicity is also small and negative, $\Delta c\simeq -(0.009\pm 0.006)$.
The fraction of the total quark helicity carried by the charm is $|\Delta
c/\Delta \Sigma|\simeq 0.021\pm 0.014$. The ratio of the charm with positive
helicity to that with negative helicity is $c_\up/c_\dw=35/67$. For the
intrinsic strange component, one has $s_\up/s_\dw\simeq 7/13$. A detail
comparison of our predictions with data and other models or analyses is given.
The intrinsic charm contribution to the Ellis-Jaffe sum rule is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72411 </DOCNO>
Fixed-Point Hamiltonians in Quantum Mechanics


  We show how to derive fixed-point Hamiltonians in quantum mechanics from a
proposed renormalization group invariance approach that relies in a subtraction
procedure at a given energy scale. The scheme is valid for arbitrary
interactions that originally contain point-like singularities (as the
Dirac-delta and/or its derivatives). One example of diagonalization of a
fixed-point Hamiltonian illustrates the procedure for an interaction that
contains regular and singular parts. In another example, the fixed point
Hamiltonian is derived for the case of higher order singularities in the
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96955 </DOCNO>
Characterization of the Hilbert ball by its automorphism group


  Let $\Omega$ be a bounded, convex domain in a separable Hilbert space. The
authors prove a version of the theorem of Bun Wong, which asserts that if such
a domain admits an automorphism orbit accumulating at a strongly pseudoconvex
boundary point then it is biholomorphic to the ball. Key ingredients in the
proof are a new localization argument using holomorphic peaking functions and
the use of new ``normal families'' arguments in the construction of the limit
biholomorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 958 </DOCNO>
Photocount statistics of chaotic lasers


  We derive the photocount statistics of the radiation emitted from a chaotic
laser resonator in the regime of single-mode lasing. Random spatial variations
of the resonator eigenfunctions lead to strong mode-to-mode fluctuations of the
laser emission. The distribution of the mean photocount over an ensemble of
modes changes qualitatively at the lasing transition, and displays up to three
peaks above the lasing threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125997 </DOCNO>
Identifying the Mysterious EGRET Sources: Signatures of Polar Cap Pulsar


  The advent of the next generation of gamma-ray experiments, led by GLAST,
AGILE, INTEGRAL and a host of atmospheric \v{C}erenkov telescopes coming on
line in the next few years, will enable ground-breaking discoveries relating to
the presently enigmatic set of EGRET/CGRO UID galactic sources that have yet to
find definitive identifications. Pulsars are principal candidates for such
sources, and many are expected to be detected by GLAST, some that are
radio-selected, like most of the present EGRET/Comptel pulsars, and perhaps
even more that are detected via independent pulsation searches. At this
juncture, it is salient to outline the principal predictions of pulsar models
that might aid identification of gamma-ray sources, and moreover propel
subsequent interpretation of their properties. This review summarizes relevant
characteristics of the polar cap model, emphasizing where possible distinctions
from the competing outer gap model. Foremost among these considerations are the
hard X-ray to gamma-ray spectral shape, high energy cutoffs and pulse profiles,
and how these characteristics generally depend on pulsar period and period
derivative, as well as observational viewing angle. The polar cap model
exhibits definitive signatures that will be readily tested by the detections of
GLAST and other experiments, thereby establishing cogent observational
diagnostics. The paper focuses on different classes of pulsars that might
define agendas and parameter regimes for blind gamma-ray pulsation searches;
examples include the highly-magnetized ones that are currently quite topical in
astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75982 </DOCNO>
Light-Quark Vector Meson Spectroscopy


  The current situation for vector meson spectroscopy is outlined, and it is
shown that the data are inconsistent with the generally-accepted model for
meson decay. A possible resolution in terms of exotic mesons is given. Although
this resolves some of the issues, fresh theoretical questions are raised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124331 </DOCNO>
The origin of the runaway high-mass X-ray binary HD153919/4U1700-37


  Based on its Hipparcos proper motion, we propose that the high-mass X-ray
binary HD153919/4U1700-37 originates in the OB association Sco OB1. At a
distance of 1.9 kpc the space velocity of 4U1700-37 with respect to Sco OB1 is
75 km/s. This runaway velocity indicates that the progenitor of the compact
X-ray source lost about 7 Msun during the (assumed symmetric) supernova
explosion. The system's kinematical age is about 2 +/- 0.5 million years which
marks the date of the supernova explosion forming the compact object. The
present age of Sco OB1 is <8 Myr; its suggested core, NGC 6231, seems to be
somewhat younger (~5 Myr). If HD153919/4U1700-37 was born as a member of Sco
OB1, this implies that the initially most massive star in the system terminated
its evolution within <6 million years, corresponding to an initial mass >30
Msun. With these parameters the evolution of the binary system can be
constrained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1894 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity near Itinerant Ferromagnetic Quantum Criticality


  Superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations in weak and nearly
ferromagnetic metals is studied close to the zero-temperature magnetic
transition. We solve analytically the Eliashberg equations for p-wave pairing
and obtain the normal state quasiparticle self-energy and the superconducting
transition temperature $T_c$ as a function of the distance to the quantum
critical point. We show that the reduction of quasiparticle coherence and
life-time due to scattering by quasistatic spin fluctuations is the dominant
pair-breaking process, which leads to a rapid suppression of $T_c$ to a nonzero
value near the quantum critical point. We point out the differences and the
similarities of the problem to that of the theory of superconductivity in the
presence of paramagnetic impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84002 </DOCNO>
First Experiences Integrating PC Distributed I/O Into Argonne's ATLAS


  First Experiences Integrating PC Distributed I/O Into Argonne's ATLAS Control
System The roots of ATLAS (Argonne Tandem-Linac Accelerator System) date back
to the early 1960s. Located at the Argonne National Laboratory, the accelerator
has been designated a National User Facility, which focuses primarily on
heavy-ion nuclear physics. Like the accelerator it services, the control system
has been in a constant state of evolution. The present real-time portion of the
control system is based on the commercial product Vsystem [1]. While Vsystem
has always been capable of distributed I/O processing, the latest offering of
this product provides for the use of relatively inexpensive PC hardware and
software. This paper reviews the status of the ATLAS control system, and
describes first experiences with PC distributed I/O.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5335 </DOCNO>
"Cherenkov radiation" of a sound in a Bose-condensed gas


  In terms of linearized Gross-Pitaevskii equation we have studied the process
of sound emission arises from a supersonic particle motion in a Bose-condensed
gas. By analogy with the method used for description of Vavilov-Cherenkov
phenomenon, we have found a friction work created by the particle generated
condensate polarization. For comparison we have found radiation intensity of
excitations. Both methods gives the same result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6402 </DOCNO>
Novel Features of the Newly Discovered Field-Induced Superconducting


  We examine magnetic field dependent properties associated with the newly
discovered field-induced superconducting state (FISC) in lambda-BETS2FeCl4.
These include the metal-to-antiferromagnetic insulator transition, the critical
field of the FISC state in tilted magnetic fields, and the low-pressure,
magnetic field dependence of the insulating and superconducting phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129476 </DOCNO>
Diquark degrees of freedom in the EOS and the compactness of compact


  We discuss the role of diquarks in constructing models of compact stars.
These approaches are compared to recent claims of highly compact X-ray and
isolated sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128930 </DOCNO>
The AMS-01 Time of Flight System


  The Time-of-Flight (TOF) system of the AMS detector gives the fast trigger to
the read out electronics and measures velocity, direction and charge of the
crossing particles. The first version of the detector (called AMS-01) has flown
in 1998 aboard of the shuttle Discovery for a 10 days test mission, and
collected about $10^8$ events. The new version (called AMS-02) will be
installed on the International Space Station on March 2004 and will operate for
at least three years, collecting roughly $10^{10}$ Cosmic Rays (CR) particles.
The TOF system of AMS-01 successfully operated during the test mission,
obtaining a trigger efficiency better than 99.9% and a time resolution of 120
ps for protons and better for other CR ions. In addition, the TOF system was
able to separate protons from all the other CR nuclei within 1% and to
distinguish between downward and upward crossing particles within at most
$10^{-8}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 674 </DOCNO>
The Statistical Theory of Quantum Dots


  A quantum dot is a sub-micron-scale conducting device containing up to
several thousand electrons. Transport through a quantum dot at low temperatures
is a quantum-coherent process. This review focuses on dots in which the
electron's dynamics are chaotic or diffusive, giving rise to statistical
properties that reflect the interplay between one-body chaos, quantum
interference, and electron-electron interactions. The conductance through such
dots displays mesoscopic fluctuations as a function of gate voltage, magnetic
field, and shape deformation. The techniques used to describe these
fluctuations include semiclassical methods, random-matrix theory, and the
supersymmetric nonlinear $\sigma$ model. In open dots, the approximation of
noninteracting quasiparticles is justified, and electron-electron interactions
contribute indirectly through their effect on the dephasing time at finite
temperature. In almost-closed dots, where conductance occurs by tunneling, the
charge on the dot is quantized, and electron-electron interactions play an
important role. Transport is dominated by Coulomb blockade, leading to peaks in
the conductance that at low temperatures provide information on the dot's
ground-state properties. Several statistical signatures of electron-electron
interactions have been identified, most notably in the dot's addition spectrum.
The dot's spin, determined partly by exchange interactions, can also influence
the fluctuation properties of the conductance. Other mesoscopic phenomena in
quantum dots that are affected by the charging energy include the fluctuations
of the cotunneling conductance and mesoscopic Coulomb blockade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97298 </DOCNO>
Connections and curvings on lifting bundle gerbes


  We construct a connection and a curving on a bundle gerbe associated with
lifting a structure group of a principal bundle to a central extension. The
construction is based on certain structures on the bundle, i.e. connections and
splittings. The Deligne cohomology class of the lifting bundle gerbe with the
connection and with the curving coincides with the obstruction class of the
lifting problem with these structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83702 </DOCNO>
Logic, Individuals and Concepts


  This extended abstract gives a brief outline of the connections between the
descriptions and variable concepts. Thus, the notion of a concept is extended
to include both the syntax and semantics features. The evaluation map in use is
parameterized by a kind of computational environment, the index, giving rise to
indexed concepts. The concepts are inhabited into language by the descriptions
from the higher order logic. In general the idea of object-as-functor should
assist the designer to outline a programming tool in conceptual shell style.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41428 </DOCNO>
Measurement of D^(*+-) Meson Production and F_2^c in Deep-Inelastic


  The inclusive production of D^{*+-}(2010) mesons in deep-inelastic scattering
is studied with the H1 detector at HERA. In the kinematic region 1<Q^2<100
GeV^2 and 0.05<y<0.7 an e^+p cross section for inclusive D^(*+-) meson
production of 8.50+- 0.42 (stat.)^(+1.21)_(-1.00) (syst.) nb is measured in the
visible range p_(tD^*)>1.5 GeV and |\eta_(D^*)|<1.5. Single and double
differential inclusive D^(*+-) meson cross sections are compared to
perturbative QCD calculations in two different evolution schemes. The charm
contribution to the proton structure, F_2^c(x,Q^2), is determined by
extrapolating the visible charm cross section to the full phase space. This
contribution is found to rise from about 10% at Q^2 = 1.5 GeV^2 to more than
25% at Q^2 = 60 GeV^2 corresponding to x values ranging from 5*10^(-5) to
3*10^(-3)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123687 </DOCNO>
Spectral evidence for a powerful compact jet from XTE J1118+480


  We present observations of the X-ray transient XTE J1118+480 during its
Low/Hard X-ray state outburst in 2000, at radio and sub-millimetre wavelengths
with the VLA, Ryle Telescope, MERLIN and JCMT. The high-resolution MERLIN
observations reveal all the radio emission (at 5 GHz) to come from a compact
core with physical dimensions smaller than 65*d(kpc) AU. The combined radio
data reveal a persistent and inverted radio spectrum, with spectral index
\~+0.5. The source is also detected at 350 GHz, on an extrapolation of the radio
spectrum. Flat or inverted radio spectra are now known to be typical of the
Low/Hard X-ray state, and are believed to arise in synchrotron emission from a
partially self-absorbed jet. Comparison of the radio and sub-millimetre data
with reported near-infrared observations suggest that the synchrotron emission
from the jet extends to the near-infrared, or possibly even optical regimes. In
this case the ratio of jet power to total X-ray luminosity is likely to be
P_J/L_X >> 0.01, depending on the radiative efficiency and relativistic Doppler
factor of the jet. Based on these arguments we conclude that during the period
of our observations XTE J1118+480 was producing a powerful outflow which
extracted a large fraction of the total accretion power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2344 </DOCNO>
Bond operator theory of doped antiferromagnets: from Mott insulators


  The ground states and excitations of two-dimensional insulating and doped
Mott insulators are described by a bond operator formalism. While the method
represents the degrees of freedom of an arbitrary antiferromagnet exactly, it
is especially suited to systems in which there is a natural pairing of sites
into bonds, as in states with spontaneous or explicit spin-Peierls order (or
bond-centered charge order). In the undoped insulator, as discussed previously,
we obtain both paramagnetic and magnetically-ordered states. We describe the
evolution of superconducting order in the ground state with increasing
doping--at low doping, the superconductivity is weak, can co-exist with
magnetic order, and there are no gapless spin 1/2 fermionic excitations; at
high doping, the magnetic order is absent and we obtain a BCS d-wave
superconductor with gapless spin 1/2, nodal fermions. We present the critical
theory describing the onset of these nodal fermionic excitations. We discuss
the evolution of the spin spectrum, and obtain regimes where a spin 1 exciton
contributes a sharp resonance in the dynamic spin susceptiblity. We also
discuss the experimental consequences of low-energy, dynamically fluctuating,
spin-Peierls order in an isotropic CuO_2 plane--we compute consequences for the
damping and dispersion of an optical phonon involving primarily the O ions, and
compare the results with recent neutron scattering measurements of phonon
spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96668 </DOCNO>
Algebraic construction of contragradient quasi-Verma modules in positive


  In the present paper we investigate a new class of infinite-dimensional
modules over the hyperalgebra of a semi-simple algebraic group in positive
chararacteristic called quasi-Verma modules. We provide a purely algebraic
construction of the global Grothendieck-Cousin complex corresponding to the
standard line bumdle ${\mathcal L}(\lambda)$ on the Flag variety of the
algebraic group stratified by Schubert cells. We prove that the complex
consists of direct sums of quasi-Verma modules for the highest weights of the
form $w\cdot\lambda$ for various elements $w$ of the Weyl group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97635 </DOCNO>
Limit Measures for Affine Cellular Automata


  Let M be a monoid (e.g. the lattice Z^D), and A an abelian group. A^M is then
a compact abelian group; a linear cellular automaton (LCA) is a continuous
endomorphism F:A^M ---> A^M that commutes with all shift maps.
   Let mu be a (possibly nonstationary) probability measure on A^M; we develop
sufficient conditions on mu and F so that the sequence {F^N mu} (N=1,2,3,...)
weak*-converges to the Haar measure on A^M, in density (and thus, in Cesaro
average as well). As an application, we show: if A=Z/p (p prime), F is any
``nontrivial'' LCA on A^{(Z^D)}, and mu belongs to a broad class of measures
(including most Bernoulli measures (for D >= 1) and ``fully supported'' N-step
Markov measures (when D=1), then F^N mu weak*-converges to Haar measure in
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96854 </DOCNO>
Fibres affines


  We study affine maps between affine manifolds. Even when the fibers are
compact and diffeomorphic, two of them can inherit different affine structures
from the source space. This leads to a fixed linear holonomy deformation theory
of the affine structure of an affine manifold. We found various conditions
which make the fibers to be affinely isomorphic. We also classify affine
bundles which total space is a compact and complete affine manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86025 </DOCNO>
The bending of light and the cosmological constant


  The bending of light in Kottler space (the Schwarzschild vacuum with
cosmological constant) is examined. Unlike the advance of the perihelion, the
cosmological constant produces no change in the bending of light. In this note
we examine the conditions under which this statement holds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75230 </DOCNO>
Electron-neutrino survival probability from solar-neutrino data


  With SNO data on electron-neutrino flux from the sun, it is possible to
derive the $\nu_e$ survival probability $P_{ee}(E)$ from existing experimental
data of Super-Kamiokande, gallium experiments and Homestake. The combined data
of SNO and Super-Kamiokande provide boron $\nu_e$ flux and the total flux of
all active boron neutrinos, giving thus $P_{ee}(E)$ for boron neutrinos. The
Homestake detector, after subtraction of the signal from boron neutrinos, gives
the flux of Be+CNO neutrinos, and $P_{ee}$ for the corresponding energy
interval, if the produced flux is taken from the Standard Solar Model (SSM).
Gallium detectors, GALLEX, SAGE and GNO, detect additionally pp-neutrinos. The
pp-flux can be calculated subtracting from the gallium signal the rate due to
boron, beryllium and CNO neutrinos. The ratio of the measured $pp$-neutrino
flux to that predicted by the SSM gives the survival probability for
$pp$-neutrinos. Comparison with theoretical survival probabilities shows that
the best (among known models) fit is given by LMA and LOW solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129073 </DOCNO>
Extremely Weak Reflection Features in the X-ray Spectrum of XTE


  We have simultaneously fit Chandra and RXTE spectra of the Galactic black
hole XTE J1118+480 with three models for X-ray reflection. We explored a range
of accretion disc ionizations (log(xi)=1-4; xi=L_X/nR^{2}) and iron abundances
(0.10-1.00). Our fits with the constant density ionized disc models of Ross &
Fabian indicate that less than 0.5 per cent (90 per cent confidence
upper-limit) of the observed flux is reflected. Fits with the "pexrav" of model
Magdziarz & Zdziarski indicate that the two-dimensional solid angle (Omega/2pi)
subtended by the disc relative to a central source of incident hard X-rays is
0.01 +0.06 -0.01. A combination of the high inclination (i=81 degrees),
Comptonization, and bulk velocities may each contribute to the low reflection
fractions we have measured. The results are also consistent with extended jets
being the source of the hard X-ray flux, as the disc would then represent a
small solid angle as seen from the emission region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127702 </DOCNO>
Secular Evolution of Disks


  It is found that a previously thought-to-be well established result of
density wave theory, that there is no interaction between a quasi-stationary
spiral density wave and the basic state (i.e. the axisymmetric part) of the
galactic disk, is in fact false. When solved as a nonlinear and globally
self-consistent problem, the presence of non-axisymmetric patterns such as
spirals or bars is shown to lead to significant interaction of the basic state
and the density wave, with the net result being the simultaneous acquirement of
a quasi-steady wave amplitude and the secular redistribution of disk matter.
The secular operation of this dynamical mechanism leads to the evolution of the
Hubble type of a galaxy from late to early.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85899 </DOCNO>
2d manifold-independent spinfoam theory


  A number of background independent quantizations procedures have recently
been employed in 4d nonperturbative quantum gravity. We investigate and
illustrate these techniques and their relation in the context of a simple 2d
topological theory. We discuss canonical quantization, loop or spin network
states, path integral quantization over a discretization of the manifold, spin
foam formulation, as well as the fully background independent definition of the
theory using an auxiliary field theory on a group manifold. While several of
these techniques have already been applied to this theory by Witten, the last
one is novel: it allows us to give a precise meaning to the sum over
topologies, and to compute background-independent and, in fact,
"manifold-independent" transition amplitudes. These transition amplitudes play
the role of Wightman functions of the theory. They are physical observable
quantities, and the canonical structure of the theory can be reconstructed from
them via a C* algebraic GNS construction. We expect an analogous structure to
be relevant in 4d quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114172 </DOCNO>
Graph kinematics of discrete physical objects: beyond space-time. II.


  A concrete analysis of the general properties and numerical characteristics
of different atomic and nuclear shell systems and subnuclear particles is
carried out on the base of the solution scheme for an introduced in part I
physical graph kinematics which give rise to the two-layer matrix
representation of the structure of any discrete physical microobject within the
self-consistent ``graph geometry''. It is given a Riemann's foundation of the
discrete manifolds in the infinitesimal and a creation of the discrete quantity
notion with an operation of ``count'' of ``homogeneous elements'' (instead of a
``measurement'' with a scale for the continuous quantity). For ``graph
microgeometry'' such special consideration in the framework of Heisenberg's
$S$-matrix particle formalism leads to the proper ``internal geometry'' with
root trees basis provided for, in the first place, an estimation of all masses
of topologically different subnuclear particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114509 </DOCNO>
The Bunch Injection Controller for the PEP-II Storage Rings


  The PEP-II storage rings at SLAC each have 3492 'buckets' into which
electrons and positrons can be injected into the high- and low-energy rings.
Equipment to measure the currents of all the individual buckets was originally
provided by the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and is implemented in VXI-based
hardware. Data from this equipment as well as high precision direct current
measurement provide the hard data for the Bunch Injection Controller. A large
number of parameters determined by injection design considerations as well as
set by operators for different circumstances are also used by the software
algorithms to determine the desired bucket injection order and charge quantity
for each injection pulse. These requests are then passed on to the venerable
SLAC master pattern generator, which provides beams for other applications as
well. This highly visible and highly successful system is implemented using the
EPICS toolkit, and fits well into the merged SLAC EPICS/SLC control system. The
Bunch Injection Controller hardware is a VME-based EPICS IOC, which makes
extensive use of shared memory for communicating with the VXI measurement
equipment and the SLAC master pattern generator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114168 </DOCNO>
Molecular Theory of Hydrophobic Effects: ``She is too mean to have her


  This paper reviews the molecular theory of hydrophobic effects relevant to
biomolecular structure and assembly in aqueous solution. Recent progress has
resulted in simple, validated molecular statistical thermodynamic theories and
clarification of confusing theories of decades ago. Current work is resolving
effects of wider variations of thermodynamic state, e.g. pressure denaturation
of soluble proteins, and more exotic questions such as effects of surface
chemistry in treating stability of macromolecular structures in aqueous
solution

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174831 </DOCNO>
Study of the eta-proton interaction via the reaction p p --> p p eta


  A measurement of the pp --> p p eta reaction at the excess energy of Q = 15.5
+- 0.4 MeV has been carried out at the internal beam facility COSY-11 with an
integrated luminosity of 811 nb^-1 The number of ~24000 identified events
permits a precise determination of total (2.32 +- 0.05 +- 0.35 \mu b) and
differential cross sections. Preliminary investigations show that the angular
distribution of the eta meson in the center-of-mass system is isotropic. A
qualitative analysis of the Dalitz-plot distribution is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 781 </DOCNO>
Spin correlation and Discrete symmetry in Spinor Bose-Einstein


  We study spin correlations in Bose-Einstein condensates of spin 1 bosons with
scatterings dominated by a total spin equal 2 channel. We show the low energy
spin dynamics in the system can be mapped into an $o(n)$ nonlinear sigma
model(NL$\sigma$M). $n=3$ at the zero magnetic field limit and $n=2$ in the
presence of weak magnetic fields. In an ordered phase, the ground state has a
hidden $Z_2$ symmetry and is degenerate under the group $[U(1)\times
S^{n-1}]/Z_2$. We explore consequences of the hidden symmetry and propose some
measurements to probe it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113593 </DOCNO>
Oblique Surface Waves on a Pair of Planar Periodic Slotted Waveguides


  The dispersion relation and mode amplitudes of oblique surface waves
propagating on an acoustic double comb filter are obtained with a method based
on the calculus of residues. We obtain a better agreement (below 480 Hz)
between theoretical predictions and measurements reported previously when the
filter was being supposed to be made of a single comb structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41318 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Vub using b hadron semileptonic decays


  The magnitude of the CKM matrix element Vub is determined by measuring the
inclusive charmless semileptonic branching fraction of beauty hadrons at OPAL
based on b -> Xu l nu event topology and kinematics. This analysis uses OPAL
data collected between 1991 and 1995, which correspond to about four million
hadronic Z decays. We measure Br(b -> Xu l) to be (1.63 +/- 0.53 +0.55/-0.62) x
10^(-3). The first uncertainty is the statistical error and the second is the
systematic error. From this analysis, Vub is determined to be:
  |Vub| = (4.00 +/- 0.65(stat) +0.67/-0.76(sys) +/- 0.19(HQE)) x 10^(-3).
  The last error represents the theoretical uncertainties related to the
extraction of |Vub| from Br(b -> Xu l) using the Heavy Quark Expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174678 </DOCNO>
Laying the groundwork at the AGS: Recent results from experiment E895


  The E895 Collaboration at the Brookhaven AGS has performed a systematic
investigation of Au+Au collisions at 2-8 AGeV, using a large-acceptance Time
Projection Chamber. In addition to extensive measurements of particle flow,
spectra, two-particle interferometry, and strangeness production, we have
performed novel hybrid analyses, including azimuthally-sensitive pion HBT,
extraction of the six-dimensional pion phasespace density, and a first
measurement of the Lambda-proton correlation function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1167 </DOCNO>
Coherent acceleration and Landau-Zener tunneling of Bose-Einstein


  We have loaded Bose-Einstein condensates into one-dimensional, off-resonant
optical lattices and accelerated them by chirping the frequency difference
between the two lattice beams. For small values of the lattice well-depth,
Bloch oscillations were observed. Landau-Zener tunneling out of the lowest
lattice band, leading to a breakdown of the oscillations, was also studied. In
order to allow in-trap measurements of these phenomena, we dynamically
compensated for the intrinsic micromotion of the atoms in our time-orbiting
potential trap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127599 </DOCNO>
Separation of instrumental and astrophysical foregrounds for mapping CMB


  We address the extended problem of component separation for CMB applications
when a mixture of both astrophysical and instrumental components are present in
the observations, and show how standard methods can be adapted to handle this
more complex inversion problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126792 </DOCNO>
Is the Universe Really So Simple?


  The intriguing suggestion of Tegmark (1996) that the universe---contrary to
all our experiences and expectations---contains only a small amount of
information due to an extremely high degree of internal symmetry is critically
examined. It is shown that there are several physical processes, notably
Hawking evaporation of black holes and non-zero decoherence time effects
described by Plaga, as well as thought experiments of Deutsch and Tegmark
himself, which can be construed as arguments against the low-information
universe hypothesis. In addition, an extreme form of physical reductionism is
entailed by this hypothesis, and therefore any possible argumentation against
such reductionism would count against it either. Some ramifications for both
quantum mechanics and cosmology are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72775 </DOCNO>
Hard Thermal Loops and Beyond in the Finite Temperature World-Line


  We derive the hard thermal loop action for soft electromagnetic fields in the
finite temperature world-line formulation at imaginary time, by first
integrating out the hard fermion modes from the microscopic QED action.
Further, using the finite T world-line method, we calculate all static higher
order terms in the soft electromagnetic field. At high T, the leading
non-linear terms are independent of the temperature and, except for a term
quartic in the time component of the vector potential, they cancel exactly
against the vacuum contribution. The remaining T-dependent non-linear terms
become more strongly suppressed by the temperature as the number of soft fields
increases, thus making the expansion reliable. Applications of this method to
other theories and problems at the soft scale are also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179381 </DOCNO>
The time-dependent relativistic mean-field theory and the random phase


  The Relativistic Random Phase Approximation (RRPA) is derived from the
Time-dependent Relativistic Mean Field (TD RMF) theory in the limit of small
amplitude oscillations. In the no-sea approximation of the RMF theory, the RRPA
configuration space includes not only the usual particle-hole states, but also
a-h configurations, i.e. pairs formed from occupied states in the Fermi sea and
empty negative-energy states in the Dirac sea. The contribution of the negative
energy states to the RRPA matrices is examined in a schematic model, and the
large effect of Dirac sea states on isoscalar strength distributions is
illustrated for the giant monopole resonance in 116Sn. It is shown that,
because the matrix elements of the time-like component of the vector meson
fields which couple the a-h configurations with the ph-configurations are
strongly reduced with respect to the corresponding matrix elements of the
isoscalar scalar meson field, the inclusion of states with unperturbed energies
more than 1.2 GeV below the Fermi energy has a pronounced effect on giant
resonances with excitation energies in the MeV region. The influence of nuclear
magnetism, i.e. the effect of the spatial components of the vector fields is
examined, and the difference between the non-relativistic and relativistic RPA
predictions for the nuclear matter compression modulus is explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76226 </DOCNO>
Sequential Quarkonium Suppression


  We use recent lattice data on the heavy quark potential in order to determine
the dissociation temperatures of different quarkonium states in hot strongly
interacting matter. Our analysis shows in particular that certain quarkonium
states dissociate below the deconfinement point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169270 </DOCNO>
Numerical Experiment on Interference for Macroscopic Particles


  We consider a classical analogue of the well known quantum two-slit
experiment. Charged particles are scattered on flat screen with two slits and
hit the second screen. We show that the probability distribution on the second
screen when both slits are open is not given by the sum of distributions for
each slit separately, but has an extra interference term that is given with the
quantum rule of the addition of probabilistic alternatives. We show that the
proposed classical model has a context dependence and could be adequately
described with contextual formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123566 </DOCNO>
Testing Comptonization models using BeppoSAX observations of Seyfert 1


  We used high quality BeppoSAX data of 6 Seyfert galaxies to test realistic
thermal Comptonization models. Our main effort was to adopt a Comptonization
model taking into account the anisotropy of the soft photon field. The best fit
parameter values of the temperature and optical depth of the corona and of the
reflection normalization obtained fitting this class of models to the data are
substantially different from those derived fitting the same data with the power
law + cut--off model commonly used. The two models also provide different
trends and correlation between the physical parameters, which has major
consequences for the physical interpretation of the data

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149893 </DOCNO>
The geometry of N=4 twisted string


  We compare N=2 string and N=4 topological string within the framework of the
sigma model approach. Being classically equivalent on a flat background, the
theories are shown to lead to different geometries when put in a curved space.
In contrast to the well studied Kaehler geometry characterising the former
case, in the latter case a manifold has to admit a covariantly constant
holomorphic two-form in order to support an N=4 twisted supersymmetry. This
restricts the holonomy group to be a subgroup of SU(1,1) and leads to a
Ricci--flat manifold. We speculate that, the N=4 topological formalism is an
appropriate framework to smooth down ultraviolet divergences intrinsic to the
N=2 theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72532 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Landau damping of a plasmino in the quark-gluon plasma


  On the basis of the Blaizot-Iancu equations, which are a local formulation of
the hard thermal loop (HTL) equations of motion for soft fluctuating quark and
gluon fields and their induced sources, the coupled kinetic equations for
plasminos and plasmons are obtained. The equality of matrix elements for
nonlinear scattering of a plasmino by hard particles in covariant and temporal
gauges is established by using effective Ward identities. The model problem of
the interaction of two infinitely narrow packets with fermion and boson quantum
numbers is considered. The kinematical relations between wave vectors of the
plasmino and plasmon are derived, when the effective pumping over of the plasma
excitation energy from the fermion branch of plasma excitations to the boson
branch and vice versa occur. The expression for the nonlinear Landau damping
rate of a plasmino at rest is found, and a comparison with a plasmino damping
constant obtained within the framework of the hard thermal loop approximation
is made. The nonlinear Landau damping rate for normal quark excitations is
shown to diverge like $1/\sqrt{q^2}$ near the light cone where $q$ is a
four-momentum of excitations, and the improved Blaizot-Iancu equations removing
this divergence are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1776 </DOCNO>
Magnetism of correlated systems: beyond LDA


  A novel approach to electronic correlations in magnetic crystals which takes
into account a dynamical many-body effects is present. In order to to find a
frequency dependence of the electron self energy, an effective quantum-impurity
many-particle problem need to be solved within the dynamical mean-field theory.
The numerically exact QMC-scheme and the spin-polarized fluctuation exchange
approximation are used for the self-consistent solution of this single-site
many-particle problem. The calculations of effective exchange interaction
parameters based on the realistic electronic structure of correlated magnetic
crystals have been discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1430 </DOCNO>
Aging and memory phenomena in magnetic and transport properties of


  There is mounting experimental evidence that strong off-equilibrium
phenomena, such as ``memory'' or ``aging'' effects, play a crucial role in the
physics of vortices in type II superconductors. We give a short review, based
on a recently introduced schematic vortex model, of current progresses in
understanding out of equilibrium vortex behaviours. We develop a unified
description of ``memory'' phenomena in magnetic and transport properties, such
as magnetisation loops and their ``anomalous'' 2nd peak, logarithmic creep,
``anomalous'' finite creep rate in the limit of vanishing temperature,
``memory'' and ``irreversibility'' in I-V characteristics, time dependent
critical currents, ``rejuvenation'' and ``aging'' of the system response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4706 </DOCNO>
Magnetoresistance of Untwinned YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} Single Crystals in a


  Magnetoresistance (MR) in the a-axis resistivity of untwinned
YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{y} single crystals is measured for a wide range of doping (y =
6.45 - 7.0). The y-dependence of the in-plane coherence length \xi_{ab}
estimated from the fluctuation magnetoconductance indicates that the
superconductivity is anomalously weakened in the 60-K phase; this gives
evidence, together with the Hall coefficient and the a-axis thermopower data
that suggest the hole doping to be 12% for y = 6.65, that the origin of the
60-K plateau is the 1/8 anomaly. At high temperatures, the normal-state MR data
show signatures of the Zeeman effect on the pseudogap in underdoped samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128932 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Radiation From Cosmological Turbulence


  An injection of energy into the early Universe on a given characteristic
length scale will result in turbulent motions of the primordial plasma. We
calculate the stochastic background of gravitational radiation arising from a
period of cosmological turbulence, using a simple model of isotropic
Kolmogoroff turbulence produced in a cosmological phase transition. The
resulting gravitational radiation has a maximum amplitude comparable to the
radiation background from the collision of bubbles in a first-order phase
transition, but at a lower frequency. Generally, turbulence from a phase
transition is less easily detected than the bubble collisions producing the
turbulence, in contrast to previous estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1391 </DOCNO>
Entropy production and wave packet dynamics in the Fock space of closed


  Highly excited many-particle states in quantum systems such as nuclei, atoms,
quantum dots, spin systems, quantum computers etc., can be considered as
``chaotic'' superpositions of mean-field basis states (Slater determinants,
products of spin or qubit states). This is due to a very high level density of
many-body states that are easily mixed by a residual interaction between
particles (quasi-particles). For such systems, we have derived simple
analytical expressions for the time dependence of energy width of wave packets,
as well as for the entropy, number of principal basis components and inverse
participation ratio, and tested them in numerical experiments. It is shown that
the energy width $\Delta (t)$ increases linearly and very quickly saturates.
The entropy of a system increases quadratically, $S(t) \sim t^2$ at small
times, and after, can grow linearly, $S(t) \sim t$, before the saturation.
Correspondingly, the number of principal components determined by the entropy,
$N_{pc} \sim exp{(S(t))}$, or by the inverse participation ratio, increases
exponentially fast before the saturation. These results are explained in terms
of a cascade model which describes the flow of excitation in the Fock space of
basis components. Finally, a striking phenomenon of damped oscillations in the
Fock space at the transition to an equilibrium is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127820 </DOCNO>
Low mass T Tauri and young brown dwarf candidates in the Chamaeleon II


  We define a sample designed to select low-mass T Tauri stars and young brown
dwarfs using DENIS data in the Chamaeleon II molecular cloud. We use a star
count method to construct an extinction map of the Chamaeleon II cloud. We
select our low-mass T Tauri star and young brown dwarf candidates by their
strong infrared colour excess in the I-J/J-K_s colour-colour dereddened
diagram. We retain only objects with colours I-J>2, and spatially distributed
in groups around the cloud cores. This provides a sample of 70 stars of which 4
are previously known T Tauri stars. We have carefully checked the reliability
of all these objects by visual inspection on the DENIS images. Thanks to the
association of the optical I-band to the infra-red J and K_s bands in DENIS, we
can apply this selection method to all star formation regions observed in the
southern hemisphere. We also identify six DENIS sources with X-ray sources
detected by ROSAT. Assuming that they are reliable low-mass candidates and
using the evolutionary models for low-mass stars, we estimate the age of these
sources between 1 Myr and < 10 Myr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81204 </DOCNO>
F_B from moving B mesons


  We show results for the B meson decay constant calculated both for B mesons
at rest and those with non-zero momentum and using both the temporal and
spatial components of the axial vector current. It is an important check of
lattice systematic errors that all these determinations of f_B should agree. We
also describe how well different smearings for the B meson work at non-zero
momentum - the optimal smearing has a narrow smearing for the b quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95825 </DOCNO>
Continued fractions, modular symbols, and non-commutative geometry


  Using techniques introduced by D. Mayer, we prove an extension of the
classical Gauss-Kuzmin theorem about the distribution of continued fractions,
which in particular allows one to take into account some congruence properties
of successive convergents. This result has an application to the Mixmaster
Universe model in general relativity. We then study some averages involving
modular symbols and show that Dirichlet series related to modular forms of
weight 2 can be obtained by integrating certain functions on real axis defined
in terms of continued fractions. We argue that the quotient
$PGL(2,\bold{Z})\setminus\bold{P}^1(\bold{R})$ should be considered as
non-commutative modular curve, and show that the modular complex can be seen as
a sequence of $K_0$-groups of the related crossed-product $C^*$-algebras.
  This paper is an expanded version of the previous "On the distribution of
continued fractions and modular symbols". The main new features are Section 4
on non-commutative geometry and the modular complex and Section 1.2.2 on the
Mixmaster Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127119 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Probe of Cosmology


  We show that, if the long GRBs are produced by the collapse of massive stars,
GRBs and their afterglows may provide a powerful probe of cosmology and the
early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73414 </DOCNO>
Massive selfdual perturbed gauge theory


  Spontaneously broken gauge theories are described as a perturbation of
selfdual gauge theory. Instead of the incorporation of scalar degrees of
freedom, the massive component of the gauge field is obtained from an
anti-selfdual field strength consisting of three components before gauge
fixing. The interactions describe a massive gauge theory that is non-polynomial
with an expansion containing an infinite number of terms. The Lagrangian
generalizes the form of the axial anomaly in two dimensions. Unitary
propagation of the tensor field occurs upon gauge fixing an additional
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114197 </DOCNO>
Nonresonant effects in one- and two-photon transitions


  We investigate nonresonant contributions to resonant Rayleigh scattering
cross sections of atoms. The problematic nonresonant contributions set a limit
to the accuracy to which atomic spectra determine energy levels. We discuss the
off-resonance effects in one-photon transitions. We also show that
off-resonance contributions for the 1S-2S two-photon transition in atomic
hydrogen are negligible at current and projected levels of experimental
accuracy. The possibility of a differential measurement for the detection of
off-resonance effects in one-photon transitions in atomic hydrogen is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127189 </DOCNO>
The Las Campanas Infrared Survey. III. The H-band Imaging Survey and the


  (Abridged) The Las Campanas Infrared Survey, based on broad-band optical and
near-infrared photometry, is designed to robustly identify a statistically
significant and representative sample of evolved galaxies at redshifts z>1. We
have completed an H-band imaging survey over 1.1 square degrees of sky in six
separate fields. The average 5 sigma detection limit in a four arcsecond
diameter aperture is H ~ 20. Here we describe the design of the survey, the
observation strategies, data reduction techniques, and object identification
procedures. We present sample near-infrared and optical photometric catalogs
for objects identified in two survey fields. We perform object detection in all
bandpasses and identify ~ 54,000 galaxies over 1,408 square arcminutes of sky
in the two fields. Of these galaxies, ~ 14,000 are detected in the H-band and ~
2,000 have the colors of evolved galaxies, I - H >3, at z > 1. We find that (1)
the differential number counts N(m) for the H-band detected objects has a slope
of 0.44 at H < 19 and 0.27 for H > 19. In addition, we find that (2) the
differential number counts for the H detected red objects has a slope of 0.85
at H < 20 and 0.32 at H > 20, with a mean surface density ~ 3,000 degree^{-2}
mag^{-1} at H=20. Finally, we find that (3) galaxies with red optical to
near-IR colors (I-H > 3) constitute ~ 20% of the H detected galaxies at H ~ 21,
but only 2% at H = 19. We show that red galaxies are strongly clustered, which
results in a strong field to field variation in their surface density.
Comparisons of observations and predictions based on various formation
scenarios indicate that these red galaxies are consistent with mildly evolving
early-type galaxies at z ~ 1, although with a significant amount of on-going
star formation as indicated by the large scatter in their V-I colors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148150 </DOCNO>
Boundary integrable quantum field theories


  A brief survey of recent results in the study of boundary integrable quantum
field theories, indicating some currently open problems. Based on lectures
given at the 2000 Eotvos Summer School in Physics on `Nonperturbative QFT
methods and their applications'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149099 </DOCNO>
Monopole, gluino and charge condensates in gauge theories with broken


  We consider chiral condensates in SU(2) gauge theory with broken N=2
supersymmetry and one fundamental flavor in the matter sector. Matter and
gaugino condensates are determined by integrating out the adjoint field. The
only nonperturbative input is the Affleck-Dine-Seiberg one-instanton
superpotential. The results are consistent with those obtained by the
`integrating in' procedure. We then calculate monopole, dyon, and charge
condensates using the Seiberg-Witten approach. The key observation is that the
monopole and charge condensates vanish at the Argyres-Douglas point where the
monopole and charge vacua collide. We interpret this phenomenon as a
deconfinement of electric and magnetic charges at the Argyres-Douglas point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3378 </DOCNO>
Very fast formation of superconducting MgB2/Fe wires with high Jc


  In this paper we have investigated the effects of sintering time and
temperature on the formation and critical current densities of Fe-clad MgB2
wires. MgB2 wires were fabricated using the powder-in-tube process and sintered
for different periods of time at predetermined temperatures. All the samples
were examined using XRD, SEM and magnetisation measurements. In contrast to the
common practice of sintering for several hours, the present results show that
there is no need for prolonged heat treatment in the fabrication of Fe-clad
MgB2 wires. A total time in the furnace of several minutes is more than enough
to form nearly pure MgB2 with high performance characteristics. The results
from Tc, Jc and Hirr show convincingly that the samples which were sintered for
3 minutes above 800 oC are as good as those sintered for longer times. In fact,
the Jc field performance for the most rapidly sintered sample is slightly
better than for all other samples. Jc of 4.5 times 10 ^5 A/cm2 in zero field
and above 10 ^5 A/cm2 in 2T at 15 K has been achieved for the best Fe-clad MgB2
wires. As a result of such a short sintering there is no need for using high
purity argon protection and it is possible to carry out the heat treatment in a
much less protective atmosphere or in air. These findings substantially
simplify the fabrication process, making it possible to have a continuous
process for fabrication and reducing the costs for large-scale production of
MgB2 wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169362 </DOCNO>
Quantum Bit String Commitment


  A bit string commitment protocol securely commits N classical bits in such a
way that the recipient can extract only M<N bits of information about the
string. Classial reasoning might suggest that bit string commitment implies bit
commitment and hence, given the Mayers-Lo-Chau theorem, that non-relativistic
quantum bit string commitment is impossible. But this classical argument is
incorrect. There exist non-relativistic quantum bit string commitment
protocols, with security parameters e and M, that allow A to commit N=N(M,e)
bits to B so that A's probability of successfully cheating when revealing a bit
and B's probability of extracting more than N'=N-M bits of information about
the string before revelation are both less than e. With a slightly weakened but
still restrictive definition of security against A, N can be taken to be
O(exp(CN')) for a positive constant C. I briefly discuss possible applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72786 </DOCNO>
A dynamical stabilization of the radion potential


  Large extra dimensional theories attempt to solve the hierarchy problem by
assuming that the fundamental scale of the theory is at the electroweak scale.
This requires the size of the extra dimensions to be stabilized at a scale
which is determined by the effective four dimensional Planck mass and the
number of extra dimensions. In this paper we concentrate upon the dynamical
reasons to stabilize them by providing a running mass to the radion field. We
show that it is possible to maintain the size of the extra dimensions once it
is stabilized throughout the dynamics of inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76309 </DOCNO>
Gauge Coupling Unification with Anomalous U(1)_A Gauge Symmetry


  Recently we proposed a natural scenario of grand unified theories with
anomalous U(1)_A gauge symmetry, in which doublet-triplet splitting is realized
in SO(10) unification using Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism and realistic quark
and lepton mass matrices can be obtained in a simple way. The scenario has an
additional remarkable feature that the symmetry breaking scale and the mass
spectrum of super heavy particles are determined essentially by anomalous
U(1)_A charges. Therefore once all the anomalous U(1)_A charges are fixed, the
gauge coupling flows can be calculated. We examine several models in which the
gauge coupling unification is realized. Examining the conditions for the
coupling unification, we show that when all the fields except those of the
minimal SUSY standard model become super-heavy, the unification scale
generically becomes just below the usual GUT scale \Lambda_G\sim 2\times
10^{16} GeV and the cutoff scale becomes around \Lambda_G. Since the lower GUT
scale leads to shorter life time of nucleon, the proton decay via dimension six
operator p\to e^+\pi^0 can be seen in future experiment. On the other hand, the
lower cutoff scale than the Planck scale may imply the existence of extra
dimension in which only gravity modes can propagate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5761 </DOCNO>
Columnar defects acting as passive internal field detectors


  We have studied the angular dependence of the irreversible magnetization of
several YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ and 2H-NbSe$_2$ single crystals with columnar
defects tilted off the c-axis. At high magnetic fields, the irreversible
magnetization $M_i(\Theta_H)$ exhibits a well known maximum when the applied
field is parallel to the tracks. As the field is decreased below $H \sim 0.02
H_{c2}$, the peak shifts away from the tracks' direction toward either the
c-axis or the ab-planes. We demonstrate that this shift results from the
misalignment between the external and internal field directions due to the
competition between anisotropy and geometry effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4941 </DOCNO>
Percolation Systems away from the Critical Point


  This article reviews some effects of disorder in percolation systems even
away from the critical density p_c. For densities below p_c, the statistics of
large clusters defines the animals problem. Its relation to the directed
animals problem and the Lee-Yang edge singularity problem is described. Rare
compact clusters give rise to Griffiths singuraties in the free energy of
diluted ferromagnets, and lead to a very slow relaxation of magnetization. In
biassed diffusion on percolation clusters, trapping in dead-end branches leads
to asymptotic drift velocity becoming zero for strong bias, and very slow
relaxation of velocity near the critical bias field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148616 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the noncommutative photon self-energy to all orders


  We show that the photon self-energy in quantum electrodynamics on
noncommutative $\mathbb{R}^4$ is renormalizable to all orders (both in $\theta$
and $\hbar$) when using the Seiberg-Witten map. This is due to the enormous
freedom in the Seiberg-Witten map which represents field redefinitions and
generates all those gauge invariant terms in the $\theta$-deformed classical
action which are necessary to compensate the divergences coming from loop
integrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168293 </DOCNO>
Resonance absolute quantum reflection at selected energies


  The possibility of the resonance reflection (100 % at maximum) is revealed.
The corresponding exactly solvable models with the controllable numbers of
resonances, their positions and widths are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148604 </DOCNO>
Stable Wrapped Branes


  We study some wrapped configurations of branes in the near-horizon geometry
of a stack of other branes. The common feature of all the cases analyzed is a
quantization rule and the appearance of a finite number of static
configurations in which the branes are partially wrapped on spheres. The energy
of these configurations can be given in closed form and the analysis of their
small oscillations shows that they are stable. The cases studied include
D(8-p)-branes in the type II supergravity background of Dp-branes (for p less
or equal than 5), M5-branes in the M5-brane geometry in M-theory and D3-branes
in a (p,q) fivebrane background in the type IIB theory. The brane
configurations found admit the interpretation of bound states of strings (or
M2-branes in M-theory) which extend along the unwrapped directions. We check
this fact directly in a particular case by using the Myers polarization
mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81430 </DOCNO>
Perturbative expansions from Monte Carlo simulations at weak coupling:


  Perturbative coefficients for Wilson loops and the static-quark self-energy
are extracted from Monte Carlo simulations at weak coupling. The lattice
volumes and couplings are chosen to ensure that the lattice momenta are all
perturbative. Twisted boundary conditions are used to eliminate the effects of
lattice zero modes and to suppress nonperturbative finite-volume effects due to
Z(3) phases. Simulations of the Wilson gluon action are done with both periodic
and twisted boundary conditions, and over a wide range of lattice volumes (from
$3^4$ to $16^4$) and couplings (from $\beta \approx 9$ to $\beta \approx 60$).
A high precision comparison is made between the simulation data and results
from finite-volume lattice perturbation theory. The Monte Carlo results are
shown to be in excellent agreement with perturbation theory through second
order. New results for third-order coefficients for a number of Wilson loops
and the static-quark self-energy are reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97045 </DOCNO>
Poincare' normal forms and simple compact Lie groups


  We classify the possible behaviour of Poincar\'e-Dulac normal forms for
dynamical systems in $R^n$ with nonvanishing linear part and which are
equivariant under (the fundamental representation of) all the simple compact
Lie algebras and thus the corresponding simple compact Lie groups. The
``renormalized forms'' (in the sense of previous work by the author) of these
systems is also discussed; in this way we are able to simplify the
classification and moreover to analyze systems with zero linear part. We also
briefly discuss the convergence of the normalizing transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 58 </DOCNO>
Surface Tension of an Ideal Dielectric - Electrolyte Boundary: Exactly


  The model under consideration is a semi-infinite two-dimensional
two-component plasma (Coulomb gas), stable against bulk collapse for the
dimensionless coupling constant $\beta<2$, in contact with a dielectric wall of
dielectric constant $=0$. The model is mapped onto an integrable sine-Gordon
theory with a ``free'' Neumann boundary condition. Using recent results on a
reflection relationship between the boundary Liouville and sine-Gordon
theories, an explicit expression is derived for the surface tension at a
rectilinear dielectric -- Coulomb gas interface. This expression reproduces the
Debye-H\"uckel $\beta \to 0$ limit and the exact result at the bulk collapse
border, the free-fermion point $\beta =2$, where the surface tension keeps a
finite value. The surface collapse, identified with the divergence of the
surface tension, occurs at $\beta =3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4782 </DOCNO>
Crystal Growth, Transport Properties and Crystal Structure of the


  We have attempted the crystal growth by the traveling-solvent floating-zone
(TSFZ) method of La_{2-x}Ba_xCuO_4 with x~1/8, where the superconductivity is
strongly suppressed. Under flowing O_2-gas of a high pressure (4 bars), we have
succeeded in growing single crystals of x=0.11 with 5 mm in diameter and 20 mm
in length. It has been found that both in-plane and out-of-plane electrical
resistivities of the single-crystal La_{2-x}Ba_xCuO_4 with x=0.11 exhibit a
clear jump at ~53 K. The temperature corresponds to the structural phase
transition temperature between the orthorhombic mid-temperature (OMT) and
tetragonal low-temperature (TLT) phases, T_{d2}. It has also been found that
both in-plane thermoelectric power and Hall coefficient drop rapidly at T_{d2}
and decrease below T_{d2} with decreasing temperature. These results are quite
similar to those observed in the single-crystal La_{1.6-x}Nd_{0.4}Sr_xCuO_4
with x~1/8, suggesting that the so-called static stripe order of holes and
spins in the CuO_2 plane is formed below T_{d2} in La_{2-x}Ba_xCuO_4 with x~1/8
as well as in La_{1.6-x}Nd_{0.4}Sr_xCuO_4 with x~1/8.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 368 </DOCNO>
Site-Dilution-Induced Antiferromagnetic Long-Range Order in


  Effects of the site dilution on spin-gapped Heisenberg antiferromagnets with
$S=1/2$ and S=1 on a square lattice are investigated by means of the quantum
Monte Carlo method. It is found that effective magnetic moments induced around
the diluted sites exhibit the antiferromagnetic long-range order in the medium
of spin-singlet pairs. Their microscopic structure is examined in detail and
important roles of the higher dimensionality than one on the phenomenon are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168807 </DOCNO>
Quantum Optimization


  Grover's search algorithm is only applicable to decision problems with a
simple test to identify the marked state. Here I propose a quantum algorithm
for the more difficult problem of combinatorial search among a frustrated set
of states characterized by a cost function to be minimized. The algorithm is
probabilistic, with postselection of the measurement result. A unique parameter
playing the role of an effective temperature governs both the computational
load and the overall quality of the optimization. In presence of phase
transitions in the effective thermal ensemble, good quality results can be
obtained with an instance-size-independent number of quantum evaluations of the
cost function. While reminiscent of classical simulated annealing, this
algorithm has the big advantage that quantum parallelism allows to avoid all
the thermalization steps at fixed temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96942 </DOCNO>
Extension of Fill's perfect rejection sampling algorithm to general


  We provide an extension of the perfect sampling algorithm of Fill (1998) to
general chains, and describe how use of bounding processes can ease
computational burden. Along the way, we unearth a simple connection between the
Coupling From The Past (CFTP) algorithm originated by Propp and Wilson (1996)
and our extension of Fill's algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97631 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphismes harmoniques du plan hyperbolique


  A classical result of Sampson and Schoen-Yau in 1978 states that every
diffeomorphism between compact hyperbolic Riemann surfaces is homotopic to an
harmonic diffeomorphism. As conjectured by Schoen in 1993 and partially proved
by Wan in 1992 and Tam-Wan in 1995, we prove in this article that this theorem
generalizes to the non compact case : every quasi symmetric homeomorphism of
the circle extends to a quasi isometric harmonic diffeomorphism of the
hyperbolic plane. This enables to parametrize the universal Teichmuller space
by bounded holomorphic quadratric differentials of the hyperbolic plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 13 </DOCNO>
A simple model of price formation


  A simple Ising spin model which can describe the mechanism of price formation
in financial markets is proposed. In contrast to other agent-based models, the
influence does not flow inward from the surrounding neighbors to the center
site, but spreads outward from the center to the neighbors. The model thus
describes the spread of opinions among traders. It is shown via standard Monte
Carlo simulations that very simple rules lead to dynamics that duplicate those
of asset prices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98183 </DOCNO>
Infinitesimal Extensions of P^1 and their Hilbert Schemes


  In order to calculate the multiplicity of an isolated rational curve C in a
local complete intersection variety X, i.e. the length of the Hilbert scheme of
X at [C], it is important to study infinitesimal neighborhoods of the curve in
X. This is equivalent to infinitesimal extensions of P^1 by locally free
sheaves. In this paper we study infinitesimal extensions of P^1, determine
their structure and obtain upper and lower bounds for the length of the local
rings of their Hilbert schemes at [P^].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77131 </DOCNO>
Some methods for the evaluation of complicated Feynman integrals


  We discuss a progress in calculations of Feynman integrals based on the
Gegenbauer Polynomial Technique and the Differential Equation Method. We
demonstrate the results for a class of two-point two-loop diagrams and the
evaluation of most complicated part of O(1/N^3) contributions to critical
exponents of \phi^4-theory. An illustration of the results obtained with help
of above methods is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73228 </DOCNO>
Topcolor assisted technicolor models and muon anomalous magnetic moment


  We discuss and estimate the contributions of the new particles predicted by
topcolor assisted technicolor(TC2) models to the muon anomalous magnetic moment
$a_{\mu}$. Our results show that the contributions of Pseudo Goldstone bosons
are very small which can be safely ignored. The main contributions come from
the ETC gauge boson $x_{\mu}$ and topcolor gauge boson $Z^{\prime}$. If we
demand that the mass of $Z^{\prime}$ is consistent with other experimental
constrains, its contributions are smaller than that of $x_{\mu}$. With
reasonable values of the parameters in TC2 models, the observed BNL results for
$a_{\mu}$ could be explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125383 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Thermal Emission Models of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars


  Thermal emission from the surface of an ultramagnetic neutron star is
believed to contribute significantly to the soft X-ray flux of the Anomalous
X-ray Pulsars. We compare the detailed predictions of models of the surface
emission from a magnetar to the observed properties of AXPs. In particular, we
focus on the combination of their luminosities and energy-dependent pulsed
fractions. We use the results of recent calculations for strongly magnetized
atmospheres to obtain the angle- and energy-dependence of the surface emission.
We include in our calculations the effects of general relativistic photon
transport and interstellar extinction. We find that the combination of the
large pulsed fractions and the high luminosities of AXPs cannot be accounted
for by surface emission from a magnetar with two antipodal hot regions or a
temperature distribution characteristic of a magnetic dipole. This result is
robust for reasonable neutron star radii, for the range of magnetic field
strengths inferred from the observed spin down rates, and for surface
temperatures consistent with the spectral properties of AXPs. Models with a
single hot emitting region can reproduce the observations, provided that the
distance to one of the sources is ~30% less than the current best estimate, and
allowing for systematic uncertainties in the spectral fit of a second source.
Finally, the thermal emission models with antipodal emission geometry predict a
characteristic strong increase of the pulsed fraction with photon energy, which
is apparently inconsistent with the current data. The energy-dependence of the
pulsed fraction in the models with one hot region shows a wider range of
behavior and can be consistent with the existing data. Upcoming high-resolution
observations with Chandra and XMM-Newton will provide a conclusive test.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149619 </DOCNO>
Scalar Multi-Solitons on the Fuzzy Sphere


  We study solitons in scalar theories with polynomial interactions on the
fuzzy sphere. Such solitons are described by projection operators of rank k,
and hence the moduli space for the solitons is the Grassmannian Gr(k,2j+1). The
gradient term of the action provides a non-trivial potential on Gr(k,2j+1),
thus reducing the moduli space. We construct configurations corresponding to
well-separated solitons, and show that although the solitons attract each
other, the attraction vanishes in the limit of large j. In this limit, it is
argued that the moduli space is CP^k. For the k-soliton bound state, the moduli
space is simply CP^1, all other moduli being lifted. We find that the moduli
space of multi-solitons is smooth and that there are no singularities as
several solitons coalesce. When the fuzzy S^2 is flattened to a noncommutative
plane, we find agreement with the known results, modulo some operator-ordering
ambiguities. This suggests that the fuzzy sphere is a natural way to regulate
the noncommutative plane both in the ultraviolet and infrared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 967 </DOCNO>
Collision Dynamics of Two Bose-Einstein Condensates in the Presence of


  A collision of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of
Raman coupling is proposed and studied by numerical simulations. Raman
transitions are found to be able to reduce collision-produced irregular
excitations by forming a time-averaged attractive optical potential. Raman
transitions also support a kind of dark soliton pairs in two-component
Bose-Einstein condensates. Soliton pairs and their remnant single solitons are
shown to be controllable by adjusting the initial relative phase between the
two colliding condensates or the two-photon detuning of Raman transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125470 </DOCNO>
The Diversity of High- and Intermediate-Velocity Clouds: Complex C


  We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) and Space Telescope
Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) observations of interstellar ultraviolet absorption
lines in the Galactic high-velocity cloud Complex C and the Intermediate
Velocity Arch (IV Arch) in direction of the quasar PG 1259+593 (l=120,b=+58
deg). Absorption lines from CII, NI, NII, OI, AlII, SiII, PII, SII, ArI, FeII,
and FeIII are used to study the atomic abundances in these two halo clouds at
V_LSR=-130 km/s (Complex C) and V_LSR=-55 km/s (IV Arch). The OI/HI ratio
provides the best measure of the overall metallicity in the diffuse
interstellar medium, because ionization effects do not alter the ratio, and
oxygen is at most only lightly depleted from the gas into dust grains. For
Complex C, we find an oxygen abundance of 0.093 (+0.125, -0.047) solar,
consistent with the idea that Complex C represents the infall of low
metallicity gas onto the Milky Way. In contrast, the oxygen abundance in the IV
Arch is 0.98 (+1.21,-0.46) solar, which indicates a Galactic origin. We report
the detection of an intermediate- velocity absorption component at +60 km/s
that is not seen in HI 21cm emission. The clouds along the PG 1259+593 sight
line have a variety of properties, proving that multiple processes are
responsible for the creation and circulation of intermediate- and high-velocity
gas in the Milky Way halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6325 </DOCNO>
Statistical Physics for Cosmic Structures


  Ideas of Statistical Physics are very relevant for cosmic structures
especially considering that the field is undergoing a period of exceptional
development with many new data appearing on a monthly basis. In the past years
we have focused mostly on galaxy distributions and their statistical
properties. This led to an interesting debate which will be resolved by the
next generation of data in a couple of years. In addition here we discuss the
statistical properties of the fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background
which are small in amplitude but complex in structure. We finally discuss the
connection between these observations and the Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum and
its further implications on the theories of structure formation and the and the
cosmological $N$-body simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149186 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Wilson loop in two-dimensional non-commutative Yang-Mills


  We perform a perturbative ${\cal O}(g^4)$ Wilson loop calculation for the
U(N) Yang-Mills theory defined on non-commutative one space - one time
dimensions. We choose the light-cone gauge and compare the results obtained
when using the Wu-Mandelstam-Leibbrandt ($WML$) and the Cauchy principal value
($PV$) prescription for the vector propagator. In the $WML$ case the
$\theta$-dependent term is well-defined and regular in the limit $\theta \to
0$, where the commutative theory is recovered; it provides a non-trivial
example of a consistent calculation when non-commutativity involves the time
variable. In the $PV$ case, unexpectedly, the result differs from the $WML$ one
only by the addition of two singular terms with a trivial $\theta$-dependence.
We find this feature intriguing, when remembering that, in ordinary theories on
compact manifolds, the difference between the two cases can be traced back to
the contribution of topological excitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5522 </DOCNO>
Charges and Currents in the Noncommutative Chern-Simons Theory of the


  We couple the noncommutative Chern-Simons theory describing the fractional
quantum Hall effect to external magnetic and electric potentials, and derive
expressions for charge and current densities. To lowest non-trivial order the
density operator satisfies the commutator algebra characteristic of the lowest
Landau level. We take this as a strong indication that the theory correctly
describes point particles in a strong magnetic field. We also obtain the
correct QH response to a constant electric field, and density modulations in
response to a weak variable magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149114 </DOCNO>
On Lie point symmetry of classical Wess-Zumino-Witten model


  We perform the group analysis of Witten's equations of motion for a particle
moving in the presence of a magnetic monopole, and also when constrained to
move on the surface of a sphere, which is the classical Wess-Zumino-Witten
model. We also consider variations of this model. Our analysis gives the
generators of the corresponding Lie point symmetries. The Lie symmetry
corresponding to Kepler's third law is obtained in two related examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123693 </DOCNO>
The Hubble Constant from (CLASS) Gravitational Lenses


  One of the main objectives of the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS)
collaboration has been to find gravitational lens (GL) systems at radio
wavelengths that are suitable for the determination of time delays between
image pairs. The survey is now near completion and at least 18 GL systems have
been found. Here, I will discuss our efforts to measure time delays from
several of these systems with the ultimate aim of constraining the Hubble
Constant (H0). Thus far three CLASS GL systems (i.e. B0218+357, B1600+434 and
B1608+656) have yielded measurements of time delays, from which values of
H0=60-70 km/s/Mpc have been estimated. Although most GL systems give similar
values of H0, statistical and systematic uncertainties are still considerable.
To reduce these uncertainties, I will shortly mention two monitoring programs
that we are undertaking to (re)measure time delays in 15 CLASS GL systems and
address several important issues for the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3113 </DOCNO>
Localization by disorder in the infrared conductivity of (Y,Pr)Ba2Cu3O7


  The ab-plane reflectivity of (Y{1-x}Prx)Ba2Cu3O7 thin films was measured in
the 30-30000 cm-1 range for samples with x = 0 (Tc = 90 K), x = 0.4 (Tc = 35 K)
and x = 0.5 (Tc = 19 K) as a function of temperature in the normal state. The
effective charge density obtained from the integrated spectral weight decreases
with increasing x. The variation is consistent with the higher dc resistivity
for x = 0.4, but is one order of magnitude smaller than what would be expected
for x = 0.5. In the latter sample, the conductivity is dominated at all
temperatures by a large localization peak. Its magnitude increases as the
temperature decreases. We relate this peak to the dc resistivity enhancement. A
simple localization-by-disorder model accounts for the optical conductivity of
the x = 0.5 sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 568 </DOCNO>
Electric field in stationary superconductors


  It is generally accepted that vortex core is charged, what illustrates that
even in stationary superconductors electric field may be present. Vortex
structure and other properties of superconductors are usually calculated in the
framework of the Ginzburg-Landau theory, which does not cover electric field.
We show that the generalization of the GL theory due to Bardeen allows one to
derive a third GL equation for the electrostatic potential. Since the Bardeen
theory applies to all temperatures, the presented theory enables one to
calculate charge profiles of the vortex under quite general conditions. The
theory is consistent with the BCS-Gorkov results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148792 </DOCNO>
Scattering of Noncommutative (n,1) Solitons


  We study scattering of noncommutative solitons in 2+1 dimensional scalar
field theory. In particular, we investigate a system of two solitons with level
n and n' (the (n,n')-system) in the large noncommutativity limit. We show that
the scattering of a general (n,n')-system occurs at right angles in the case of
zero impact parameter. We also derive an exact Kahler potential and the metric
of the moduli space of the (n,1)-system. We examine numerically the (n,1)
scattering and find that the closest distance for a fixed scattering angle is
well approximated by a function a+b*sqrt{n} where a and b are some numerical
constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 33 </DOCNO>
Review: Superconductivity in ultrasmall metallic grains


  We review recent experimental and theoretical work on superconductivity in
ultrasmall metallic grains, i.e. grains sufficiently small that the conduction
electron energy spectrum becomes discrete. The discrete excitation spectrum of
an individual grain can be measured by the technique of single-electron
tunneling spectroscopy, and reveals parity effects indicative of pairing
correlations in the grain. After introducing the discrete BCS model that has
been used to model such grains, we review a phenomenological, grand-canonical,
variational BCS theory describing the paramagnetic breakdown of these pairing
correlations with increasing magnetic field. We also review recent canonical
theories that have been developed to describe how pairing correlations change
during the crossover, with decreasing grain size, from the bulk limit to the
limit of few electrons, and compare their results to those obtained using
Richardson's exact solution of the discrete BCS model. [The present review,
which is addressed at readers interested exclusively in superconducting aspects
of ultrasmall grains, is an excerpt from a more general review of ultrasmall
metallic grains, cond-mat/0101019, in which nonequilibrium excitations,
spin-orbit scattering, ferromagnetism and the effect of a magnetic impurity are
reviewed, too.]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168952 </DOCNO>
Degrees of controllability for quantum systems and applications to


  Precise definitions for different degrees of controllability for quantum
systems are given, and necessary and sufficient conditions are discussed. The
results are applied to determine the degree of controllability for various
atomic systems with degenerate energy levels and transition frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125600 </DOCNO>
The Young Stellar Group Associated with HD 199143


  Recently, several groups of young stars in the solar neighborhood have been
discovered. Given their proximity, these systems are ideally suited for
detailed studies of star and planet formation. Here we report on a group of
young stars associated with the bright F8V star HD 199143. At a distance of
only 48 pc, this is the closest YSO group containing a classical T Tauri star
(HD 358623; K7-M0e). New ground-based mid-infrared data shows that both HD
199143 and HD 358623 have large infrared excesses due to circumstellar disks. A
systematic search for new members of this Capricornius association has yielded
four new probable members, which we use to derive an age of 5-10 Myr for the
group as a whole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73559 </DOCNO>
Exact Results for Supersymmetric Renormalization and the Supersymmetric


  We explore the effects of a strongly-coupled, approximately scale-invariant
sector on the renormalization of soft supersymmetry breaking terms. A useful
formalism for deriving exact results for renormalization of soft supersymmetry
breaking terms is given in an appendix, and used to generalize previously known
results to include the effects of nontrilinear superpotential terms. We show
that a class of theories which explain the flavor hierarchy without flavor
symmetries can also solve the supersymmetric flavor problem by producing nearly
degenerate masses for the first two generations of scalar superpartners within
each charge sector. Effects from trilinear scalar terms are also suppressed,
although their initial values must be relatively small. Our mechanism results
in testable predictions for the superpartner spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127716 </DOCNO>
The cosmic flow in the Local Supercluster: Tracing PSCz tidal influence


  We assess the extent to which the flux-limited PSCz redshift sample is
capable of accounting for the major share of mass concentrations inducing the
external tidal forces affecting the peculiar velocities within the Local
Supercluster (LS). The investigation is based upon a comparison of the ``true''
velocities in 2 large N-body simulations and their reconstruction from
``observation-mimicking'' mock catalogues. The mildly nonlinear ``mock'' LS and
PSCz velocities are analyzed by means of the Least Action Principle technique
in its highly optimized implementation of Nusser & Branchini's Fast Action
Method (FAM). For both model N-body Universes, we conclude that the dipolar and
quadrupolar force field implied by the PSCz galaxy distribution would indeed be
sufficiently representing the full external tidal force field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126472 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity of a Ground-Based Infrared Interferometer for Aperture


  Sensitivity limits of ground-based infrared interferometers using aperture
synthesis are presented. The motivation of this analysis is to compare an
interferometer composed of multiple large telescopes and a single giant
telescope with adaptive optics. In deriving these limits, perfect wavefront
correction by adaptive optics and perfect cophasing by fringe tracking are
assumed. We consider the case in which n beams are pairwise combined at
n(n-1)/2 detectors and the case in which all the n beams are combined at a
single detector. As a case study, we compare the point-source sensitivities of
interferometers composed of nine 10-m diameter telescopes and a 30-m diameter
single telescope with adaptive optics between 1 and 10 microns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85776 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on the thermal and vacuum fluctuations of a massive scalar


  Thermal fluctuations of a massive scalar field in the Rindler wedge have been
recently obtained. As a by product, the Minkowski vacuum fluctuations seen by a
uniformly accelerated observer have been determined and confronted with the
corresponding Minkowski thermal fluctuations of the same field, seen by an
inertial observer. Since some of the calculations of this previous work have
not been detailed on it, and they present some important subtleties, they are
explicitly done here. These subtleties have to do with the leading order
behaviour of certain parameter dependent integrals. Some of the leading order
expansions are derived using the Riemann-Lebesgue lemma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174646 </DOCNO>
Core excitation in Coulomb breakup reactions


  Within the pure Coulomb breakup mechanism, we investigate the one-neutron
removal reaction of the type A(a,b$\gamma$)X with $^{11}$Be and $^{19}$C
projectiles on a heavy target nucleus $^{208}$Pb at the beam energy of 60
MeV/nucleon. Our intention is to examine the prospective of using these
reactions to study the structure of neutron rich nuclei. Integrated partial
cross sections and momentum distributions for the ground as well as excited
bound states of core nuclei are calculated within the finite range distorted
wave Born approximation as well as within the adiabatic model of the Coulomb
breakup. Our results are compared with those obtained in the studies of the
reactions on a light target where the breakup proceeds via the pure nuclear
mechanism. We find that the transitions to excited states of the core are quite
weak in the Coulomb dominated process as compared to the pure nuclear breakup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128486 </DOCNO>
The Main Sequence Luminosity Function of Palomar 5 from HST


  A low mass, large core radius, and strong tidal tails suggest that the
globular cluster Palomar 5 has lost a large fraction of its initial mass over
time. If the dynamical evolution of Palomar 5 has been dominated by the effects
of mass loss, then the luminosity function should be deficient in low-mass
stars. Using deep WFPC2 F555W and F814W photometry, we determine the main
sequence luminosity functions both near the cluster center and in a field near
the half-light radius. There is no compelling evidence for mass segregation
within the cluster, but a comparison of the global mass function of Palomar 5
with those of Omega Cen and M55 indicates an increasing deficiency of stars
with progressively lower masses. A fit of the observed luminosity function to
theoretical models yields a power-law mass function with an exponent of -0.5.
The flatness of the mass function is consistent with models of the dynamical
evolution of globular clusters that have lost on the order of 90% of their
original stellar mass. We suggest that Palomar 5 has lost a large percentage of
its original stellar content as a result of tidal shocking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77006 </DOCNO>
Using Imprecise Tags of CP Eigenstates in B(s) and the Determination of


  We consider the possibility of studying the CP properties of various B(s)
decays at an electro-positron machine tuned to the Upsilon(5s). Since decay
modes of the B(s) with definite CP are relatively rare, we suggest that the use
of more common modes which are not pure CP eigenstates may allow the
determination of the CKM phase gamma. By studying the degree of correlation
between different decay modes at a Upsilon(5s) it is possible to determine the
degree of affinity of each decay mode to a CP eigenstate. Once this is known,
the correlation between a decay mode with a greater affinity to a particular CP
eigenstate with a mode such as D(s) + K- gives a determination of the phase
gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95932 </DOCNO>
Accuracy and convergence of the backward Monte-Carlo method


  The recently introduced backward Monte-Carlo method [Johan Carlsson,
arXiv:math.NA/0010118] is validated, benchmarked, and compared to the
conventional, forward Monte-Carlo method by analyzing the error in the
Monte-Carlo solutions to a simple model equation. In particular, it is shown
how the backward method reduces the statistical error in the common case where
the solution is of interest in only a small part of phase space. The forward
method requires binning of particles, and linear interpolation between the bins
introduces an additional error. Reducing this error by decreasing the bin size
increases the statistical error. The backward method is not afflicted by this
conflict. Finally, it is shown how the poor time convergence can be improved
for the backward method by a minor modification of the Monte-Carlo equation of
motion that governs the stochastic particle trajectories. This scheme does not
work for the conventional, forward method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75101 </DOCNO>
Non-Critical Liouville String Escapes Constraints on Generic Models of


  It has recently been pointed out that generic models of quantum gravity must
contend with severe phenomenological constraints imposed by gravitational
Cerenkov radiation, neutrino oscillations and the cosmic microwave background
radiation. We show how the non-critical Liouville-string model of quantum
gravity we have proposed escapes these constraints. It gives energetic
particles subluminal velocities, obviating the danger of gravitational Cerenkov
radiation. The effect on neutrino propagation is naturally flavour-independent,
obviating any impact on oscillation phenomenology. Deviations from the expected
black-body spectrum and the effects of time delays and stochastic fluctuations
in the propagation of cosmic microwave background photons are negligible, as
are their effects on observable spectral lines from high-redshift astrophysical
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148346 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanics on Riemannian Manifold in Schwinger's Quantization


  Using extended Schwinger's quantization approach quantum mechanics on a
Riemannian manifold $M$ with a given action of an intransitive group of
isometries is developed. It was shown that quantum mechanics can be determined
unequivocally only on submanifolds of $M$ where $G$ acts simply transitively
(orbits of $G$-action). The remaining part of degrees of freedom can be
described unequivocally after introducing some additional assumptions. Being
logically unmotivated, these assumptions are similar to canonical quantization
postulates. Besides this ambiguity that has a geometrical nature there is
undetermined gauge field of $\hbar$ (or higher) order, vanishing in the
classical limit $\hbar\to 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4565 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Co-site substitution effects on the physical properties of the


  We prepared polycrystalline samples of NaCo2-xMxO4 substituted for the Co
site by other 3d or 4d elements (M=Mn,Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, and Pd). While some of
the elements (M=Mn,Ru and Rh) act as a strong scatterer to give rise to a rapid
increase in resistivity, the others (M=Cu, Zn and Pd) do not deteriorate the
electric conduction of the host. Most unusually, the Cu substitution
significantly enhances the thermopower, which increases the figure of merit by
several times at 100 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72538 </DOCNO>
Extracting SUSY Parameters from the Higgs Boson Properties


  We calculate the ratio of the two branching ratios, Br(h -> bb-bar) and Br(h
-> cc-bar) + Br(h -> gg), in the minimal supersymmetric standard model taking
into account the SUSY-loop corrections to the Higgs sector and the hbb-bar
vertex. We show that the heavy Higgs mass can be extracted from the ratio,
almost independently of other SUSY parameters, in the region of tan(beta) ~<
10.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125903 </DOCNO>
Temperature Structure and Chemical Abundances in Gaseous Nebulae


  In this summary I review some results relative to: planetary nebulae, H II
regions, chemical evolution of galaxies, and the determination of the
primordial helium abundance. These results were presented during the symposium
"Ionized Gaseous Nebulae" which took place in Mexico City, Nov, 2000. To get a
more general perspective of this meeting I encourage you to read all the
contributions to the symposium proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126953 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos from Early-Phase, Pulsar-Driven Supernovae


  Neutron stars, just after their formation, are surrounded by expanding,
dense, and very hot envelopes which radiate thermal photons. Iron nuclei can be
accelerated in the wind zones of such energetic pulsars to very high energies.
These nuclei photo-disintegrate and their products lose energy efficiently in
collisions with thermal photons and with the matter of the envelope, mainly via
pion production. When the temperature of the radiation inside the envelope of
the supernova drops below $\sim 3\times 10^6$ K, these pions decay before
losing energy and produce high energy neutrinos. We estimate the flux of muon
neutrinos emitted during such an early phase of the pulsar - supernova envelope
interaction. We find that a 1 km$^2$ neutrino detector should be able to detect
neutrinos above 1 TeV within about one year after the explosion from a
supernova in our Galaxy. This result holds if these pulsars are able to
efficiently accelerate nuclei to energies $\sim 10^{20}$ eV, as postulated
recently by some authors for models of Galactic acceleration of the extremely
high energy cosmic rays (EHE CRs).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126523 </DOCNO>
The Unique Type Ia Supernova 2000cx in NGC 524


  We present extensive photometric and spectroscopic observations of the Type
Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2000cx in the S0 galaxy NGC 524, which reveal it to be
peculiar. Photometrically, SN 2000cx is different from all known SNe Ia, and
its light curves cannot be fit well by the fitting techniques currently
available. There is an apparent asymmetry in the $B$-band peak, in which the
premaximum brightening is relatively fast (similar to that of the normal SN
1994D), but the postmaximum decline is relatively slow (similar to that of the
overluminous SN 1991T). The color evolution of SN 2000cx is also peculiar: the
$(B - V)_0$ color has a unique plateau phase and the $(V - R)_0$ and $(V -
I)_0$ colors are very blue.
  Although the premaximum spectra of SN 2000cx are similar to those of SN
1991T-like objects (with weak Si II lines), its overall spectral evolution is
quite different. The Si II lines that emerged near maximum $B$-band brightness
stay strong in SN 2000cx until about three weeks past maximum. The change in
the excitation stages of iron-peak elements is slow. Both the iron-peak and the
intermediate-mass elements are found to be moving at very high expansion
velocities in the ejecta of SN 2000cx.
  We discuss theoretical models for SN 2000cx. SN 2000cx may be an overluminous
object like SN 1991T, but with a larger yield of $^{56}$Ni and a higher kinetic
energy in the ejecta. We also briefly discuss the implications of our
observations for the luminosity vs. light-curve width relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4572 </DOCNO>
Phonons and Lattice Dielectric Properties of Zirconia


  We have performed a first-principles study of the structural and vibrational
properties of the three low-pressure (cubic, tetragonal, and especially
monoclinic) phases of ZrO2, with special attention to the computation of the
zone-center phonon modes and related dielectric properties. The calculations
have been carried out within the local-density approximation using ultrasoft
pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis. The fully relaxed structural
parameters are found to be in excellent agreement with experimental data and
with previous theoretical work. The total-energy calculations correctly
reproduce the energetics of the ZrO2 phases, and the calculated zone-center
phonon frequencies yield good agreement with the infrared and Raman
experimental frequencies in the monoclinic phase. The Born effective charge
tensors are computed and, together with the mode eigenvectors, used to
decompose the lattice dielectric susceptibility tensor into contributions
arising from individual infrared-active phonon modes. This work has been
partially motivated by the potential for ZrO2 to replace SiO2 as the
gate-dielectric material in modern integrated-circuit technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74167 </DOCNO>
Non-renormalization theorems of Supersymmetric QED in the Wess-Zumino


  The non-renormalization theorem of chiral vertices and the generalized
non-renormalization theorem of the photon self energy are derived in SQED on
the basis of algebraic renormalization. For this purpose the gauge coupling is
extended to an external superfield. This extension already provides detailed
insight into the divergence structure. Moreover, using the local supercoupling
together with an additional external vector multiplet that couples to the axial
current, the model becomes complete in the sense of multiplicative
renormalization, with two important implications. First, a Slavnov--Taylor
identity describing supersymmetry, gauge symmetry, and axial symmetry including
the axial anomaly can be established to all orders. Second, from this
Slavnov-Taylor identity we can infer a Callan-Symanzik equation expressing all
aspects of the non-renormalization theorems. In particular, the gauge
$\beta$-function appears explicitely in the closed form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168385 </DOCNO>
The hidden cost of quantum teleportation and remote state preparation


  The amount of information transferred during standard quantum teleportation
or remote state preparation is equal to the preparation information of the
transmitted state, rather than the classical communication required by
respective protocol. This is shown by noting that the information required to
specify the operation that verifies the transmitted state is identical to the
preparation information, at the given level of precision m (in bits). Depending
on the resolution of the projective Hilbert space, the preparation information
can be made arbitrarily precise and hence indefinitely larger than the
classical communication cost. Therefore, the classical communication is
insufficient to account for the transfer of preparation information, which is
then attributed to the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channel. Some fundamental
repercussions for relativistic quantum information processing are briefly
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81439 </DOCNO>
Effective Theories of Confinement


  We review some approaches to describe confinement in terms of effective
(model) field theories. After a brief discussion of the dual Abelian Higgs
model, we concentrate on a lattice analysis of the Faddeev-Niemi effective
action conjectured to describe the low-lying excitations of SU(2) gluodynamics.
We generalize the effective action such that it contains all operators built
from a unit color vector field n with O(3) symmetry and maximally four
derivatives. To avoid the presence of Goldstone bosons, we include explicit
symmetry breaking terms parametrized by an external field h of mass-dimension
two. We find a mass gap of the order of 1.5 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7435 </DOCNO>
Delocalization and conductance quantization in one-dimensional systems


  We investigate the delocalization and conductance quantization in finite
one-dimensional chains with only off-diagonal disorder coupled to leads. It is
shown that the appearence of delocalized states at the middle of the band under
correlated disorder is strongly dependent upon the even-odd parity of the
number of sites in the system. In samples with inversion symmetry the
conductance equals $2e^{2}/h$ for odd samples, and is smaller for even parity.
This result suggests that this even-odd behaviour found previously in the
presence of electron correlations may be unrelated to charging effects in the
sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179374 </DOCNO>
Interactions between Octet Baryons in the SU_6 Quark model


  The baryon-baryon interactions for the complete baryon octet (B_8) are
investigated in a unified framework of the resonating-group method, in which
the spin-flavor SU_6 quark-model wave functions are employed. Model parameters
are determined to reproduce properties of the nucleon-nucleon system and the
low-energy cross section data for the hyperon-nucleon interaction. We then
proceed to explore B_8 B_8 interactions in the strangeness S=-2, -3 and -4
sectors. The S-wave phase-shift behavior and total cross sections are
systematically understood by 1) the spin-flavor SU_6 symmetry, 2) the special
role of the pion exchange, and 3) the flavor symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95403 </DOCNO>
The q-characters at roots of unity


  We consider various specializations of the non-twisted quantum affine
algebras at roots of unity. We define and study the q-characters of their
finite-dimensional representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113805 </DOCNO>
The Reification of Patterns in the Design of Description-Driven Systems


  To address the issues of reusability and evolvability in designing self-
describing systems, this paper proposes a pattern-based, object-oriented,
description-driven system architecture. The proposed architecture embodies four
pillars - first, the adoption of a multi-layered meta-modeling architecture and
reflective meta-level architecture, second, the identification of four data
modeling relationships that must be made explicit such that they can be
examined and modified dynamically, third, the identification of five design
patterns which have emerged from practice and have proved essential in
providing reusable building blocks for data management, and fourth, the
encoding of the structural properties of the five design patterns by means of
one pattern, the Graph pattern. The CRISTAL research project served as the
basis onto which the pattern-based meta-object approach has been applied. The
proposed architecture allows the realization of reusability and adaptability,
and is fundamental in the specification of self-describing data management
components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128938 </DOCNO>
Completeness in Weak Lensing Searches for Clusters


  Using mock observations of numerical simulations, we investigate the
completeness and efficiency of searches for galaxy clusters in weak lensing
surveys. While it is possible to search for high mass objects directly as
density enhancements using weak lensing, we find that line-of-sight projection
effects can be quite serious. For the search methods that we consider, to
obtain high completeness requires acceptance of a very high false-positive
rate. The false positive rate can be reduced only by significantly degrading
the completeness. Both completeness and efficiency are dependent upon the
filter used in the search and the desired mass threshold, emphasizing that a
measurement of the 3D mass function from gravitational lensing is affected by a
number of biases which mix `cosmological' and observational issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5791 </DOCNO>
From Davydov solitons to decoherence-free subspaces: self-consistent


  The self-consistent propagation of generalized $D_{1}$ [coherent-product]
states and of a class of gaussian density matrix generalizations is examined,
at both zero and finite-temperature, for arbitrary interactions between the
localized lattice (electronic or vibronic) excitations and the phonon modes. It
is shown that in all legitimate cases, the evolution of $D_{1}$ states reduces
to the disentangled evolution of the component $D_{2}$ states. The
self-consistency conditions for the latter amount to conditions for
decoherence-free propagation, which complement the $D_{2}$ Davydov soliton
equations in such a way as to lift the nonlinearity of the evolution for the
on-site degrees of freedom. Although it cannot support Davydov solitons, the
coherent-product ansatz does provide a wide class of exact density-matrix
solutions for the joint evolution of the lattice and phonon bath in compatible
systems. Included are solutions for initial states given as a product of a
[largely arbitrary] lattice state and a thermal equilibrium state of the
phonons. It is also shown that external pumping can produce self-consistent
Frohlich-like effects. A few sample cases of coherent, albeit not solitonic,
propagation are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72802 </DOCNO>
Pion form factor in large $N_c$ QCD


  The electromagnetic form factor of the pion is obtained using a particular
realization of QCD in the large $N_c$ limit, which sums up the infinite number
of zero-width resonances to yield an Euler's Beta function of the Veneziano
type. This form factor agrees with space-like data much better than single
rho-meson dominance. A simple unitarization ansatz is illustrated, and the
resulting vector spectral function in the time-like region is shown to be in
reasonable agreement with the ALEPH data from threshold up to about 1.3
${GeV}^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149038 </DOCNO>
A New Measure, Scale Invariance and See Saw Cosmology


  The cosmological constant problem and the possibility of obtaining a see saw
cosmological effect, where the effective vacuum energy is highly suppressed by
the existence of a large scale is investigated in the context of
scale-invariant, generally covariant theory. Scale invariance is considered in
the context of a gravitational theory where the action, in the first order
formalism, is of the form $S = \int L_{1} \Phi d^4x$ + $\int
L_{2}\sqrt{-g}d^4x$ where $\Phi$ is a density built out of degrees of freedom
independent of the metric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149677 </DOCNO>
Goldstone multiplet for partially broken superconformal symmetry


  The bosonic parts of D3-brane actions in AdS(5) backgrounds are known to have
symmetries which are field-dependent extensions of conformal transformations of
the worldvolume coordinates. Using the coset space SU(2,2|1)/SO(4,1), we apply
the method of nonlinear realizations to construct a four-dimensional N = 1
off-shell supersymmetric action which has a generalized field-dependent
superconformal invariance. The Goldstone fields for broken scale, chiral and
S-supersymmetry transformations form a chiral supermultiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1481 </DOCNO>
Corrections to Scaling for the Two-dimensional Dynamic XY Model


  With large-scale Monte Carlo simulations, we confirm that for the
two-dimensional XY model, there is a logarithmic correction to scaling in the
dynamic relaxation starting from a completely disordered state, while only an
inverse power law correction in the case of starting from an ordered state. The
dynamic exponent $z$ is $z=2.04(1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87280 </DOCNO>
Anomalous dispersion of density waves in the early universe with


  Density perturbations in the flat (K=0) Robertson-Walker universe with
radiation ($p=\epsilon/3$) and positive cosmological constant ($\Lambda>0$) are
investigated. The phenomenon of anomalous dispersion of acoustic waves on
$\Lambda$ is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128877 </DOCNO>
Disk-Jet Connection in Cygnus X-3


  We present the results of a detailed correlation study between the soft
X-ray, hard X-ray, and radio emission (obtained from RXTE ASM, BATSE, and GBI
observations, respectively) of the bright radio emitting Galactic X-ray binary
Cygnus X-3. We detect a very strong positive correlation between the soft X-ray
and radio emission during the low-hard and minor flaring periods of the source,
and an anti-correlation between the soft and hard X-ray emissions. We present
statistical arguments to suggest that the anti-correlation between the radio
and hard X-ray emission, reported earlier, is primarily due to their
correlation and anti-correlation, respectively, with the soft X-ray emission.
We make a wide band X-ray spectral study using the pointed RXTE observations
and detect a pivotal behaviour in the X-ray spectrum. We argue that this X-ray
spectral pivoting is responsible for the anti-correlation between the soft and
hard X-ray emissions. The strong correlation between the soft X-ray and radio
emission suggests a close link between the accreting mechanism, plasma cloud
surrounding the compact object and the radio emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7101 </DOCNO>
Intrasubband plasmons in weakly disordered array of quantum wires


  The paper deals with the theoretical investigation of plasmons in weakly
disordered array of quantum wires, consisting of finite number of quantum
wires, arranged at an equal distance from each other. The array of quantum
wires is characterized by the fact that the density of electrons of one
"defect" quantum wire was different from that of other quantum wires. At the
same time it is assumed that "defect" quantum wire can be arranged at an
arbitrary position in array. It is shown that the amount of plasmon modes in
weakly disordered array of quantum wires is equal to the number of quantum
wires in array. The existence of the local plasmon mode, whose properties
differ from those of usual modes, is found. We point out that the local plasmon
mode spectrum is slightly sensitive to the position of "defect" quantum wire in
the array. At the same time the spectrum of usual plasmon modes is shown to be
very sensitive to the position of "defect" quantum wire.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97186 </DOCNO>
Irreducible components of the equivariant punctual Hilbert schemes


  Let H_{ab} be the equivariant Hilbert scheme parametrizing the 0-dimensional
subschemes of the affine plane invariant under the natural action of the
one-dimensional torus T_{ab}:={(t^{-b},t^a), t\in k^*}. We compute the
irreducible components of H_{ab}: they are in one-one correspondence with a set
of Hilbert functions. As a by-product of the proof, we give new proofs of
results by Ellingsrud and Stromme, namely the main lemma of the computation of
the Betti numbers of the Hilbert scheme H^l parametrizing the 0-dimensional
subschemes of the affine plane of length l and a description of
Bialynicki-Birula cells on H^l by means of explicit flat families. In
particular, we precise conditions of applications of this last description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149392 </DOCNO>
Mass of the Fayet Hypermultiplet Induced by a Central Charge Constraint


  We show that the mass of the Fayet hypermultiplet, which represents the
matter sector of N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, may be induced through a
generalization of the central charge constraint usually proposed in the
literature. This mass showing up as a parameter of the supersymmetry
transformations, we conclude that it will stay unrenormalized at the quantum
level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113664 </DOCNO>
Zipf's Law in Importance of Genes for Cancer Classification Using


  Microarray data consists of mRNA expression levels of thousands of genes
under certain conditions. A difference in the expression level of a gene at two
different conditions/phenotypes, such as cancerous versus non-cancerous, one
subtype of cancer versus another, before versus after a drug treatment, is
indicative of the relevance of that gene to the difference of the high-level
phenotype. Each gene can be ranked by its ability to distinguish the two
conditions. We study how the single-gene classification ability decreases with
its rank (a Zipf's plot). Power-law function in the Zipf's plot is observed for
the four microarray datasets obtained from various cancer studies. This
power-law behavior in the Zipf's plot is reminiscent of similar power-law
curves in other natural and social phenomena (Zipf's law). However, due to our
choice of the measure of importance in classification ability, i.e., the
maximized likelihood in a logistic regression, the exponent of the power-law
function is a function of the sample size, instead of a fixed value close to 1
for a typical example of Zipf's law. The presence of this power-law behavior is
important for deciding the number of genes to be used for a discriminant
microarray data analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5918 </DOCNO>
Extended Brinkman-Rice Picture and Its Application to High-Tc


  This is a full-paper of the paper(Physica C341-348, 259(2000)) published
previously. The effective charge and the Coulomb energy are justified by means
of measurement. Theoretical calculations of the effective mass depending on
band filling are also given by Gutzwiller's variational calculations. On the
basis of the concept of measurement, the effective mass is an average of the
true effective mass in the Brinkman-Rice(BR) picture for metal phase and is the
effect of measurement. The true correlation strength (U/U_c=k_{BR}) in the BR
picture is evaluated as 0.92<k_{BR}<1 for YBCO. High-Tc superconductivity is
attributed to the true effective mass caused by the large k_{BR} value.
Furthermore, the validity of the BR picture is indirectly proved through the
extended BR picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5613 </DOCNO>
Doping-dependent study of the periodic Anderson model in three


  We study a simple model for $f$-electron systems, the three-dimensional
periodic Anderson model, in which localized $f$ states hybridize with
neighboring $d$ states. The $f$ states have a strong on-site repulsion which
suppresses the double occupancy and can lead to the formation of a Mott-Hubbard
insulator. When the hybridization between the $f$ and $d$ states increases, the
effects of these strong electron correlations gradually diminish, giving rise
to interesting phenomena on the way. We use the exact quantum Monte-Carlo,
approximate diagrammatic fluctuation-exchange approximation, and mean-field
Hartree-Fock methods to calculate the local moment, entropy, antiferromagnetic
structure factor, singlet-correlator, and internal energy as a function of the
$f-d$ hybridization for various dopings. Finally, we discuss the relevance of
this work to the volume-collapse phenomenon experimentally observed in
f-electron systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168710 </DOCNO>
Canonical Transformations and Squeezing in Quantum Mechanics


  In this Paper we present an approach to Quantum Mechanical Canonical
Transformations. Our main result is that Time Dependent Quantum Canonical
Transformations can always be cast in the form of Squeezing Operators. We
revise the main properties of these operators in regard to its Lie group
properties, how two of them can be combined to yield another operator of the
same class and how can also be decomposed and fragmented. In the second part of
the paper we show how this procedure works extremely well for the Time
Dependent Quantum Harmonic Oscillator. The issue of the systematic construction
of Quantum Canonical Transformations is also discussed along the lines of
Dirac, Wigner and Schwinger ideas and to the more recent work by Lee. The main
conclusion is that the Classical Phase Space Transformation can be maintained
in the operator formalism but the construction of the Quantum Canonical
Transformation is not clearly related to the Classical Generating Function of a
Classical Canonical Transformation. We propose the road of Squeezing Operators
rather than the old one attached to Quantum Operators constructed under the
guideline of the exponential of the Classical Generating Function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126514 </DOCNO>
Numerical Methods for the Simulation of Dynamical Mass Transfer in


  We describe computational tools that have been developed to simulate
dynamical mass transfer in semi-detached, polytropic binaries that are
initially executing synchronous rotation upon circular orbits. Initial
equilibrium models are generated with a self-consistent field algorithm; models
are then evolved in time with a parallel, explicit, Eulerian hydrodynamics code
with no assumptions made about the symmetry of the system. Poisson's equation
is solved along with the equations of ideal fluid mechanics to allow us to
treat the nonlinear tidal distortion of the components in a fully
self-consistent manner. We present results from several standard numerical
experiments that have been conducted to assess the general viability and
validity of our tools, and from benchmark simulations that follow the evolution
of two detached systems through five full orbits (up to approximately 90
stellar dynamical times). These benchmark runs allow us to gauge the level of
quantitative accuracy with which simulations of semi-detached systems can be
performed using presently available computing resources. We find that we should
be able to resolve mass transfer at levels $\dot{M} / M > few x 10^-5$ per
orbit through approximately 20 orbits with each orbit taking about 30 hours of
computing time on parallel computing platforms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127177 </DOCNO>
On the dispersion in lithium and potassium among late-type stars in


  We have measured the equivalent width (EW) of the K I 7699 A line in a sample
of G and K-type members of the ~35 Myr old cluster IC 2602 for which a
dispersion in Li EWs had been reported by previous studies. Active cluster
stars with 0.75 < (B-V)o < 1 are characterized by a dispersion in the EW of the
K I 7699 A, while earlier and later-type stars do not show any significant
scatter. Cluster stars at all colors show potassium EW excesses with respect to
field inactive stars; furthermore, a statistically significant relationship is
found between differential potassium EWs and log Lx/Lbol ratios, indicating
that the EWs of the potassium feature are altered by activity. Our results
suggest that the dispersion in Li EWs observed among cluster stars later than
(B-V)o ~ 1 cannot be fully explained by the effects of activity. No final
conclusion can instead be drawn for earlier-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87089 </DOCNO>
On Casimir Energy Contribution to Observable Value of the Cosmological


  The contribution of the ground state energy of quantum fields to the
cosmological constant is estimated from the point of view of the standard
Casimir energy calculation scheme. It is shown that the requirement of the
renormalization group invariance leads to the value of the effective $\L$-term
which is of 11 orders higher than the result extracted from the experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74524 </DOCNO>
Transversity single spin asymmetries


  The theoretical aspects of two leading twist transversity single spin
asymmetries, one arising from the Collins effect and one from the interference
fragmentation functions, are reviewed. Issues of factorization, evolution and
Sudakov factors for the relevant observables are discussed. These theoretical
considerations pinpoint the most realistic scenarios towards measurements of
transversity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74954 </DOCNO>
Single gluino production in the R-parity lepton number violating MSSM at


  We examine the $R_{p}$-violating signal of single gluino production
associated with a charged lepton or neutrino at the large hadron collider
(LHC), in the model of R-parity relaxed supersymmetric model. If the parameters
in the ${\rlap/R}_p$ supersymmetric interactions are not too small, and the
mass of gluino is considered in the range from several GeV (as the Lightest
Supersymmetric Particle) to 800 GeV, the cross section of the single gluino
production via Drell-Yan processes can be in the order of $10^2 \sim 10^3$
femto barn, and that via gluon fusion in the order of $10^{-1} \sim 10^3$ femto
barn. If the gluino decay can be well detected in the CERN LHC, this process
provides a prospective way to probe supersymmetry and $R_p$ violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5861 </DOCNO>
Microcanonical Thermostatistical Investigation of the Blackbody


  In this work is presented the microcanonical analysis of the blackbody
radiation. In our model the electromagnetic radiation is confined in an
isolated container with volume V in which the radiation can not escape,
conserving this way its total energy, E. Our goal is to precise the meaning of
the Thermodynamic Limit for this system as well as the description of the
nonextensive effects of the generalized Planck formula for the spectral density
of energy. Our analysis shows the sterility of the intents of finding
nonnextensive effects in normal conditions: the traditional description of the
blackbody radiation is extraordinarily exact. The nonextensive effects only
appear in the low temperature region, however, they are extremely difficult to
detect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98631 </DOCNO>
The generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation on the half line


  The initial-boundary value problem for the generalized Korteweg-de Vries
equation on a half-line is studied by adapting the initial value techniques
developed by Kenig, Ponce and Vega and Bourgain to the initial-boundary
setting. The approach consists of replacing the initial-boundary problem by a
forced initial value problem. The forcing is selected to satisfy the boundary
condition by inverting a Riemann-Liouville fractional integral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73257 </DOCNO>
Strange decays from strange resonances


  We discuss the mass spectrum and strong decays of baryon resonances belonging
to the N, Delta, Sigma, Lambda, Xi and Omega families in a collective
string-like model for the nucleon. We find good overall agreement with the
available data. Systematic discrepancies are found for lowlying S-wave states,
in particular in the strong decays of N(1535), N(1650), Sigma(1750),
Lambda(1405), Lambda(1670) and Lambda(1800).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179418 </DOCNO>
Two- and Three-photon Fusion in Relativistic Heavy ion Collisions


  The production of mesons in ultra-peripheral collisions of relativistic heavy
ions is re-analyzed using a projection technique to calculate the amplitudes
for the appropriate Feynman diagrams. The virtuality of the exchanged photons
is fully accounted for in this approach. In the case of two-photon fusion, it
is explicitly shown that the inclusion of nuclear form factors validates the
equivalent photon approximation. However, this does not apply to three-photon
fusion cross sections. The cross section of J/\psi production in
ultra-peripheral collisions at RHIC and LHC are shown to be much smaller than
the cross sections for the production of C=even mesons of similar masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98861 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic manifolds with polyhedral boundary


  Let $(M, \partial M)$ be a compact 3-manifold with boundary which admits a
complete, convex co-compact hyperbolic metric. We study the (non-complete)
hyperbolic metrics on $M$ such that $\partial M$ locally looks like an ideal
polyhedron in $H^3$. We give a fairly complete statement on the possible
dihedral angles and some partial results on the induced metrics. This has some
interesting by-products, for instance a flat affine structure on the
Teichmueller space of a surface with some marked points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 434 </DOCNO>
Ground state phase diagram of 2D electrons in a high Landau level: -


  The ground state phase diagram of 2D electrons in a high Landau level (index
N=2) is studied by the density matrix renormalization group method. Pair
correlation functions are systematically calculated for various filling factors
from v=1/8 to 1/2. It is shown that the ground state phase diagram consists of
three different CDW states called stripe-phase, bubble-phase, and Wigner
crystal. The boundary between the stripe and the bubble phases is determined to
be v_c = 0.38, and that for the bubble phase and Wigner crystal is v_c = 0.24.
Each transition is of first order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128626 </DOCNO>
The formerly X-ray reflection-dominated Seyfert~2 galaxy NGC6300


  In this paper, a BeppoSAX observation of the bright Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC6300
is presented. The rapidly variable emission from the active nucleus is seen
through a Compton-thin (NH ~ 3x10^23 atomoms/cm/cm) absorber. A
Compton-reflection component with an unusually high reflection fraction (R ~
4.2), and the comparison with a reflection-dominated spectrum measured by RXTE
two and half years earlier suggest that NGC6300 belongs to the class of
"transient" AGN, undergoing long and repeated periods of low-activity. The
spectral transition provides support to the idea that Compton-thick and
Compton-thin X-ray absorbers in Seyfert 2 galaxies are decoupled, the former
being most likely associated with the "torus", whereas the latter is probably
located at much larger distances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86852 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic vacuum states on general spacetime manifolds: Definition,


  Adiabatic vacuum states are a well-known class of physical states for linear
quantum fields on Robertson-Walker spacetimes. We extend the definition of
adiabatic vacua to general spacetime manifolds by using the notion of the
Sobolev wavefront set. This definition is also applicable to interacting field
theories. Hadamard states form a special subclass of the adiabatic vacua. We
analyze physical properties of adiabatic vacuum representations of the
Klein-Gordon field on globally hyperbolic spacetime manifolds (factoriality,
quasiequivalence, local definiteness, Haag duality) and construct them
explicitly, if the manifold has a compact Cauchy surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96293 </DOCNO>
Are biseparable extensions Frobenius?


  In Secion~1 we describe what is known of the extent to which a separable
extension of unital associative rings is a Frobenius extension. A problem of
this kind is suggested by asking if three algebraic axioms for finite Jones
index subfactors are dependent. In Section~2 the problem in the title is
formulated in terms of separable bimodules.
 In Section~3 we specialize the problem to ring extensions, noting that a
biseparable extension is a two-sided finitely generated projective, split,
separable extension. Some reductions of the problem are discussed and solutions
in special cases are provided. In Section~4 various examples are provided of
projective separable extensions that are neither finitely generated nor
Frobenius and which give obstructions to weakening the hypotheses of the
question in the title. We show in Section~5 that existing characterizations of
the separable extensions among the Frobenius extensions in are special cases of
a result for adjoint functors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127035 </DOCNO>
Hydrostatic Expansion and Spin Changes During Type I X-Ray Bursts


  We present calculations of the spin-down of a neutron star atmosphere due to
hydrostatic expansion during a Type I X-ray burst. We show that (i) Cumming and
Bildsten overestimated the spin-down of rigidly-rotating atmospheres by a
factor of two, and (ii) general relativity has a small (5-10%) effect on the
angular momentum conservation law. We rescale our results to different neutron
star masses, rotation rates and equations of state, and present some detailed
rotational profiles. Comparing with recent observations of large frequency
shifts in MXB 1658-298 and 4U 1916-053, we find that the spin-down expected if
the atmosphere rotates rigidly is a factor of two to three less than the
observed values. If differential rotation is allowed to persist, we find that
the upper layers of the atmosphere spin down by an amount comparable to the
observed values; however, there is no compelling reason to expect the observed
spin frequency to be that of only the outermost layers. We conclude that
hydrostatic expansion and angular momentum conservation alone cannot account
for the largest frequency shifts observed during Type I bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149237 </DOCNO>
An N = 2 Supersymmetric Membrane Flow


  We find M-theory solutions that are holographic duals of flows of the
maximally supersymmetric N=8 scalar-fermion theory in (2+1) dimensions. In
particular, we construct the M-theory solution dual to a flow in which a single
chiral multiplet is given a mass, and the theory goes to a new infra-red fixed
point. We also examine this new solution using M2-brane probes. The
(2+1)-dimensional field theory fixed-point is closely related to that of Leigh
and Strassler, while the M-theory solution is closely related to the
corresponding IIB flow solution. We recast the IIB flow solution in a more
geometric manner and use this to obtain an Ansatz for the M-theory flow. We are
able to generalize our solution further to obtain flows with del Pezzo
sub-manifolds, and we give an explicit solution with a conifold singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2470 </DOCNO>
"Marginal pinching" in soap films


  We discuss the behaviour of a thin soap film facing a frame element: the
pressure in the Plateau border around the frame is lower than the film
pressure, and the film thins out over a certain distance lambda(t), due to the
formation of a well-localized pinched region of thickness h(t) and extension
w(t). We construct a hydrodynamic theory for this thinning process, assuming a
constant surface tension: Marangoni effects are probably important only at late
stages, where instabilitites set in. We find lambda(t) ~ t^{1/4}, and for the
pinch dimensions h(t) ~ t^{-1/2}$ and w(t) ~ t^{-1/4}. These results may play a
useful role for the discussion of later instabilitites leading to a global film
thinning and drainage, as first discussed by K. Mysels under the name
``marginal regeneration''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81442 </DOCNO>
On the dynamics of color magnetic monopoles in full QCD


  We present first results on the dynamics of monopoles in full QCD with N_f=2
flavors of dynamical quarks. Among the quantities being studied are the
monopole density and the monopole screening length, the static potential as
well as the profile of the color electric flux tube. Furthermore, we derive the
low-energy effective monopole action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127006 </DOCNO>
Constraints on 12C(alpha,gamma)16O from White Dwarf Seismology


  For many years, astronomers have promised that the study of pulsating white
dwarfs would ultimately lead to useful information about the physics of matter
under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. We can now make good on
that promise. Using observational data from the Whole Earth Telescope and a new
analysis method employing a genetic algorithm, we empirically determine the
central oxygen abundance of the helium-atmosphere variable white dwarf GD 358.
We use this value, combined with detailed evolutionary calculations of the
internal chemical profiles to place constraints on the 12C(alpha,gamma)16O
nuclear reaction cross-section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148223 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Cosmic Strings of N=1, D=4 Supergravity with Cosmological


  We find a new class of cosmic string solutions with non-vanishing magnetic
flux of $\cN=1$, D=4 supergravity with a cosmological constant and coupled to
any number of Maxwell and scalar multiplets. We show that these magnetic cosmic
string solutions preserve 1/2 of supersymmetry. We give an explicit example of
such a solution for which the complex scalars are constant and the spacetime is
smooth with topology $R^{1,1}\times S^2$. Two more examples are explored for
which a complex scalar field takes values in $\bC P^1$ and in $SL(2,\bR)/U(1)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149279 </DOCNO>
Form factors from free fermionic Fock fields, the Federbush model


  By representing the field content as well as the particle creation operators
in terms of fermionic Fock operators, we compute the corresponding matrix
elements of the Federbush model. Only when these matrix elements satisfy the
form factor consistency equations involving anyonic factors of local
commutativity, the corresponding operators are local. We carry out the
ultraviolet limit, analyze the momentum space cluster properties and
demonstrate how the Federbush model can be obtained from the
$SU(3)_3$-homogeneous sine-Gordon model. We propose a new Lagrangian which on
one hand constitutes a generalization of the Federbush model in a Lie algebraic
fashion and on the other a certain limit of the homogeneous sine-Gordon models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4719 </DOCNO>
Orthorhombic versus monoclinic symmetry of the charge-ordered state of


  High-resolution X-ray diffraction data show that the low-temperature
superstructure of alpha-NaV2O5 has an F-centered orthorhombic 2a x 2b x 4c
superlattice. A structure model is proposed, that is characterized by layers
with zigzag charge order on all ladders and stacking disorder, such that the
averaged structure has space group Fmm2. This model is in accordance with both
X-ray scattering and NMR data. Variations in the stacking order and disorder
offer an explanation for the recently observed devils staircase of the
superlattice period along c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3121 </DOCNO>
Quantum-dot lithium in zero magnetic field: Electronic properties,


  Energy spectra, electron densities, pair correlation functions and heat
capacity of a quantum-dot lithium in zero external magnetic field (a system of
three interacting two-dimensional electrons in a parabolic confinement
potential) are studied using the exact diagonalization approach. A particular
attention is given to a Fermi-liquid -- Wigner-solid transition in the ground
state of the dot, induced by the intra-dot Coulomb interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74399 </DOCNO>
Resummation of QCD Corrections to the eta_c Decay Rate


  We examine the ratio of the decay rate of the eta_c into light hadrons to the
decay rate into photons and find that most of the large next-to-leading-order
(NLO) correction is associated with running of the strong coupling alpha_s. We
resum such contributions by analyzing final-state chains of vacuum-polarization
bubbles. We show that the nonperturbative parts of the bubble chains can be
absorbed into a color-octet matrix element, once one has used contour
deformations of the phase-space integrals to cancel certain contributions. We
argue that these contributions are incompatible with the uncertainty principle.
We also argue that perturbation theory is reliable only if one carries out the
phase-space integrations before the perturbation summation. Our results are in
good agreement with experiment and differ considerably from those that one
obtains by applying the scale-setting method of Brodsky, Lepage, and Mackenzie
to the NLO result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2905 </DOCNO>
Striped States in Quantum Hall Effect: Deriving a Low Energy Theory from


  There is growing experimental and theoretical evidence that very clean two
dimensional electron systems form unidirectional charge density waves (UCDW) or
``striped'' states at low temperatures and at Landau level filling fractions of
the form nu = M + x with 4 < M < 10 an integer and 0.4 < x < 0.6. Following
previous work, we model the striped state using a Hartree-Fock approach. We
construct the low energy excitations of the system by making smooth
deformations of the stripe edges analogous to the construction of edge state
excitations of quantum Hall droplets. These low energy excitations are
described as a coupled Luttinger liquid theory, as discussed previously by
MacDonald and Fisher (PRB61 5724 2000). Here, we extend that work and
explicitly derive all of the parameters of this low energy theory using a
Hartree Fock approach. We also make contact with the equivalent low energy
hydrodynamic approach of Fogler and Vinokur (PRL84 5828 2000) and similarly
derive the parameters of this theory. As examples of the use of these results,
we explicitly calculate the low-energy excitation spectrum and study tunneling
into the striped state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73197 </DOCNO>
Constraining the Randall-Sundrum Model Using Diphoton Production at


  Virtual effects of gravitons in the production of diphotons at the upgraded
Tevatron and at the LHC are analysed with the idea of probing the parameter
space of the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model. It is shown that this process yields
stringent constraints on the parameter space of the RS model. We show that data
on diphoton production from Tevatron Run II will be sensitive to a masses of
the first graviton resonance in the range of 700-1150 GeV, while at LHC the
mass range probed will be in the region of 3.5 -- 5.5 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168264 </DOCNO>
Maximizing the entanglement of two mixed qubits


  Two-qubit states occupy a large and relatively unexplored Hilbert space. Such
states can be succinctly characterized by their degree of entanglement and
purity. In this letter we investigate entangled mixed states and present a
class of states that have the maximum amount of entanglement for a given linear
entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1834 </DOCNO>
Ab initio calculations for bromine adlayers on the Ag(100) and Au(100)


  Ab initio total-energy density-functional methods with supercell models have
been employed to calculate the c(2x2) structure of the Br-adsorbed Ag(100) and
 Au(100) surfaces. The atomic geometries of the surfaces and the preferred
bonding sites of the bromine have been determined. The bonding character of
bromine with the substrates has also been studied by analyzing the electronic
density of states and the charge transfer. The calculations show that while the
four-fold hollow-site configuration is more stable than the two-fold
bridge-site topology on the Ag(100) surface, bromine prefers the bridge site on
the Au(100) surface. The one-fold on-top configuration is the least stable
configuration on both surfaces. It is also observed that the second layer of
the Ag substrate undergoes a small buckling as a consequence of the adsorption
of Br. Our results provide a theoretical explanation for the experimental
observations that the adsorption of bromine on the Ag(100) and Au(100) surfaces
results in different bonding configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96025 </DOCNO>
On the critical dissipative quasi-geostrophic equation


  The 2D quasi-geostrophic (QG) equation is a two dimensional model of the 3D
incompressible Euler equations. When dissipation is included in the model then
solutions always exist if the dissipation's wave number dependence is
super-linear. Below this critical power the dissipation appears to be
insufficient. For instance, it is not known if the critical dissipative QG
equation has global smooth solutions for arbitrary large initial data. In this
paper we prove existence and uniqueness of global classical solutions of the
critical dissipative QG equation for initial data that have small $L^\infty$
norm. The importance of an $L^{\infty}$ smallness condition is due to the fact
that $L^{\infty}$ is a conserved norm for the non-dissipative QG equation and
is non-increasing on all solutions of the dissipative QG., irrespective of
size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127324 </DOCNO>
The FIR/Radio correlation of high redshift glaxies in the region of the


  The correlation between the far-infrared (FIR) and radio emission is well
established for nearby star forming galaxies. Many applications, in particular
the radio-to-submm spectral index redshift indicator, tacitly assume that the
relation holds well beyond our local neighbourhood, to systems located at
cosmological distances. In order to test this assumption I have constructed a
sample of 22 HDF-N galaxies, all with measured spectroscopic redshifts, and all
detected by both ISO and the WSRT at 15 micron and 1.4 GHz respectively. The
galaxies span a wide range of redshift with a median value of z ~ 0.7. The ISO
15 micron data were k-corrected and extrapolated to the FIR (60 and 100 micron)
by assuming a starburst (M82) spectral energy distribution (SED) for the entire
sample. An initial analysis of the data suggests that the correlation between
the FIR and the radio emission continues to apply at high redshift with no
obvious indication that it fails to apply beyond z ~ 1.3. The sample is
``contaminated'' by at least 1 distant (z=4.4), radio-loud AGN, VLA
J123642+621331. This source has recently been detected by the first deep field
VLBI observations of the HDF-N and is clearly identified as an ``outlier'' in
the FIR/radio correlation. I briefly comment on the impact upgraded and next
generation radio instruments (such as e-MERLIN and the Square Km Array) can
have in studies of star formation in the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125070 </DOCNO>
Radiation Pressure Acceleration by X-rays in Active Galactic Nuclei


  We present calculations of the dynamics of highly ionized gas clouds that are
confined by external pressure, and are ionized by AGN continuum. We focus on
the gas that is seen in absorption in the X-ray spectrum of many AGN and show
that such gas can reach hydrostatic equilibrium under various conditions. The
principal conclusion is that the clouds can be accelerated to high velocities
by the central X-ray source. The dynamical problem can be reduced to the
calculation of a single parameter, the average force multiplier, <M>. The
typical value of <M> is ~10 suggesting that radiation pressure acceleration by
X-rays is efficient for L/L_Edd>0.1. The terminal velocity scales with the
escape velocity at the base of the flow and can exceed it by a large factor.
The typical velocity for a HIG flow that originates at R=1e17 cm in a source
with L_x=1e44 erg/s is ~1000 km/s, i.e. similar to the velocities observed in
several X-ray and UV absorption systems.
  Highly ionized AGN clouds are driven mainly by bound-free absorption and
bound-bound processes are less important unless the lines are significantly
broadened or the column density is very small. Pressure laws that result in
constant or outward decreasing ionization parameters are most effective in
accelerating the flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98385 </DOCNO>
Appendix: On linear subspaces contained in the secant varieties of a


  We show that the d-th secant variety of a projective curve of genus g
imbedded in projective space by a complete linear system of degree 2g-2+m, with
m at least 2d+3, does not contain linear spaces of dimension bigger than d-1,
and that the only linear subspaces of dimension d-1 contained in it are the
obvious ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129164 </DOCNO>
Further Evidence for Large Intrinsic Redshifts


  An examination of the positions and redshifts of the compact, QSO-like
objects reported near the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 has revealed many
relationships that suggest strongly that the objects have been ejected from the
galaxy. Although some of the same relations have been found for the compact
objects near NGC 3516, the higher number of sources near NGC 1068 has resulted
in a detailed physical model. The results indicate that the objects have been
expelled in at least four similarly structured ejection events from a point
near the center of NGC 1068 within the last 6 million years, with very modest
velocities between 10,000 and 20,000 km/s. From the age and rotation angle of
successive events, the rotation period of the central object is calculated to
be approximately 10 million yrs, in good agreement with the nuclear rotation
period obtained from kinematic studies of NGC 1068. The large redshifts of the
objects cannot be explained by their modest ejection velocities and require an
additional, large intrinsic component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124097 </DOCNO>
Modern theory of Fermi acceleration: a new challenge to plasma physics


  One of the main features of astrophysical shocks is their ability to
accelerate particles to extremely high energies. The leading acceleration
mechanism, the diffusive shock acceleration is reviewed. It is demonstrated
that its efficiency critically depends on the injection of thermal plasma into
acceleration which takes place at the subshock of the collisionless shock
structure that, in turn, can be significantly smoothed by energetic particles.
Furthermore, their inhomogeneous distribution provides free energy for MHD
turbulence regulating the subshock strength and injection rate. Moreover, the
MHD turbulence confines particles to the shock front controlling their maximum
energy and bootstrapping acceleration. Therefore, the study of the MHD
turbulence in a compressive plasma flow near a shock is a key to understanding
of the entire process. The calculation of the injection rate became part of the
collisionless shock theory. It is argued that the further progress in diffusive
shock acceleration theory is impossible without a significant advance in these
two areas of plasma physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148850 </DOCNO>
Notes on Soliton Bound-State Problems in Gauge Theory and String Theory


  We review four basic examples where string theory and/or field theory
dualities predict the existence of soliton bound-states. These include the
existence of threshold bound-states of D0 branes required by IIA/M duality and
the closely-related bound-states of instantons in the maximally supersymmetric
five dimensional gauge theory. In the IIB theory we discuss (p,q)-strings as
bound-states of D and F strings, as well as the corresponding bound-states of
monopoles and dyons in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory whose existence was
predicted by Sen. In particular we consider the L^2-index theory relevant for
counting these states. In each case we show that the bulk contribution to the
index can be evaluated by relating it to an instanton effect in the
corresponding theory with a compact Euclidean time dimension. The boundary
contribution to the index can be determined by considering the asymptotic
regions of the relevant moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126101 </DOCNO>
Investigation of clustering of galaxies, clusters and superclusters by


  Using the apparatus of correlation Gamma-function (``conditional density''),
we have analyzed spatial clustering of objects from several different samples
of galaxies, clusters and superclusters. On small scales the distribution of
objects obeys a power law drop of density with a power index of 0.9--1.5. On a
scale of ~30 Mpc for independent samples of bright galaxies and clusters of
galaxies we have detected a pronounced break in the slope of the Gamma-function
with a power index decreasing to ~0.3. The clustering is much less pronounced
in the region from 40 to 100 Mpc, and there is reason to suppose that the
distribution of objects changes to homogeneous on scales larger than 100 Mpc.
This is indicated by the slope of the Gamma-function close to 0 for a sample of
rich clusters of galaxies up to 250 Mpc.
  The slope of the Gamma-function prior to the break, which characterizes the
degree of clustering of matter, changes essentially and in a complex manner
when passing to brighter (massive) objects. This suggests that the large-scale
structure of the visible Universe even on small scales is considerably more
complex than the fractal distribution described by one dimension (monofractal).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127084 </DOCNO>
The 2MASS Color-Magnitude Diagram of the Center of the Sagittarius Dwarf


  We present the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) (J-K, K) color-magnitude
diagram for the region within 1 degree of the center of the Sagittarius dwarf
spheroidal galaxy. Using the slope of the red giant branch (RGB), we determine
a mean metallicity for the main stellar population of [Fe/H] = -0.5 +/-0.2. The
Sagittarius RGB possesses a blue tail that overlaps with the foreground Milky
Way giant branch, and suggests that approximately 1/3 of the RGB is more
metal-poor than [Fe/H] = -1. Direct comparison to the Large Magellanic Cloud
confirms the metal-rich nature of the bulk of the Sagittarius population. Our
result is marginally consistent with the even higher metallicities determined
from high-resolution spectroscopy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81053 </DOCNO>
Monopoles and vortices in pure gauge theories and in Higgs theories


  Smeared Abelian and center gauges are introduced in pure non-Abelian lattice
gauge theories. Popular Abelian and center gauges are limits of smeared gauges.
Smeared gauges are also shown to be equivalent to Higgs theories. As a result,
distributions and interactions of monopoles and vortices, which are objects
responsible for confinement in pure gauge theories, can be studied by
investigating classical solutions of Higgs theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124546 </DOCNO>
HIPASS Detection of an Intergalactic Gas Cloud in the NGC 2442 Group


  We report the discovery, from the HI Parkes All-Sky Survey (HIPASS), of a gas
cloud associated with the asymmetric spiral galaxy NGC 2442. This object,
designated HIPASS J0731-69, contains ~10^9 M_sun of HI, or nearly one-third as
much atomic gas as NGC 2442 itself. No optical counterpart to any part of
HIPASS J0731-69 has yet been identified, consistent with the gas being diffuse,
and with its stream-like kinematics. If the gas in HIPASS J0731-69 was once
part of NGC 2442, then it was most likely a fairly recent tidal encounter with
a moderately massive companion which tore it loose, although the possibility of
ram-pressure stripping cannot be ruled out. This discovery highlights the
potential of the HIPASS data for yielding new clues to the nature of some of
the best-known galaxies in the local universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96387 </DOCNO>
Some sharp restriction theorems for homogeneous manifolds


  We prove some restriction theorems for flat homogeneous surfaces of
codimension greater than one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3729 </DOCNO>
AC electric and magnetic responses of non-connected Aharonov-Bohm rings


  Signature of phase coherence on the electric and magnetic response of non
connected Aharonov-Bohm rings is measured by a resonant method at 350 MHz
between 20 mK and 500 mK. The rings are etched in a GaAs-AlGaAs heterojunction.
Both quantities exhibit a oscillating behaviour with a periodicity consistent
with half a flux quantum $\Phi_0/2=h/2e$ in a ring. Electric screening is shown
to be enhanced when time reversal symmetry is broken by magnetic field, leading
to a positive magnetopolarisability, in agreement with theoretical predictions
for isolated rings at finite frequency. Temperature and electronic density
dependence are investigated. The dissipative part of the electric response, the
electric absorption, is also measured and leads to a negative
magnetoconductance. The magnetic orbital response of the very same rings is
also investigated. It is consistent with diamagnetic persistent currents of
0.25 nA. This magnetic response is an order of magnitude smaller than the
electric one, in qualitative agreement with theoretical expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124977 </DOCNO>
Dwarf spheroidals with tidal tails and structure formation


  Recent N-Body simulations have shown that dIrrs evolve into dSphs owing to
the strong tidal perturbation of the Milky Way. Satellites whose dark matter
halos have a core or an NFW profile with a concentration $c < 5$ undergo severe
stripping even on low eccentricity orbits and their remnants have projected
stellar profiles that become flat at large radii as observed in some of the
dSphs. Satellites with higher central densities, as predicted by CDM models,
are more robust to tides and can reproduce the observations only on nearly
radial orbits. Accurate proper motions for LG dSphs will allow to test current
models of structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126918 </DOCNO>
Gaussianity of the QMASK Map


  We test degree-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy for
Gaussianity by studying the \qmask map that was obtained from combining the
QMAP and Saskatoon data. We compute seven morphological functions $M_i(\dt)$,
$i=1,...,7$: six \mf and the number of regions $N_c$ at a hundred $\dt$ levels.
We also introduce a new parameterization of the morphological functions
$M_i(A)$ in terms of the total area $A$ of the excursion set. We show that the
latter considerably decorrelates the morphological statistics. We compare these
results with those from 1000 Gaussian Monte Carlo maps with the same power
spectrum, and conclude that the \qmask map is neither a very typical nor a very
exceptional realization of a Gaussian field. Roughly 20% of the 1000 Gaussian
Monte Carlo maps differ more than the \qmask map from the mean morphological
parameters of the Gaussian fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2598 </DOCNO>
The emergence of charged collective modes from a large N extrapolation


  We consider a symplectic extrapolation of the Hubbard model of N fold
replicated electrons and solve this model exactly in two special cases, at
N=infinity in the bosonic sector and for any N on a dimer of two points. At
N=infinity we find a multiplet of collective modes that contains neutral spin
fluctuations and charged pair fluctuations that are degenerate with each other
at zero doping. Our solution of the symplectic model on a dimer of two points
for any N interpolates smoothly between N=1 and N=infinity without any visible
discontinuity. These results suggest that the inclusion of charged pairing
modes in weakly doped antiferromagnets is essential and that an expansion about
the N=infinity limit is appropriate in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75672 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Phase Space Slicing and Dipole Subtraction Methods for


  We compare the phase space slicing and dipole subtraction methods in the
computation of the inclusive and differential next-to-leading order cross
sections for heavy quark production in the simple process gamma^* -> Q Qbar.
For the phase space slicing method we study the effects of improvement terms
that remove restrictions on the slicing parameter s_min. For the dipole method
our comparison is a first check on some of its counterterms involving massive
quarks, derived recently. In our comparison we address issues such as numerical
accuracy and efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3614 </DOCNO>
Avalanches in a Bose-Einstein condensate: goodbye to the collisionally


  Collisional avalanches are identified to be responsible for an 8-fold
increase of the initial loss rate of a large 87-Rb condensate. We show that the
collisional opacity of an ultra-cold gas exhibits a critical value. When
exceeded, losses due to inelastic collisions are substantially enhanced. Under
these circumstances, reaching the hydrodynamic regime in conventional BEC
experiments is highly questionable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72752 </DOCNO>
Minimisation of a one-loop charge breaking effective potential


  We compute the field derivatives of a one-loop charge breaking effective
potential and analyse their effect in its minimisation. The impact on charge
breaking bounds on the MSSM parameters is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98132 </DOCNO>
Smooth perfectness through decomposition of diffeomorphisms into fiber


  We show that on a closed smooth manifold $M$ equipped with $k$ fiber bundle
structures whose vertical distributions span the tangent bundle, every smooth
diffeomorphism $f$ of $M$ sufficiently close to the identity can be written as
a product $f=f_1... f_k$, where $f_i$ preserves the $i^{\text{th}}$-fiber. The
factors $f_i$ can be chosen smoothly in $f$. We apply this result to show that
on a certain class of closed smooth manifolds every diffeomorphism sufficiently
close to the identity can be written as product of commutators and the factors
can be chosen smoothly. Furthermore we get concrete estimates on how many
commutators are necessary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149519 </DOCNO>
The critical dimension of bosonic string theory in AdS space-time


  The Polyakov bosonic string is quantised in Euclidean Anti-de Sitter
space-time using functional methods. Regularisation of the functional
determinants using both heat-kernel and zeta function techniques shows that the
AdS_{D+1} string reduces to the Liouville field theory, as in the flat
space-time case. A Feynman graph expansion is used to evaluate (approximately)
the coefficient multiplying the Liouville action; this then gives the critical
dimension for this space-time as 22 (that is, 21 flat directions plus one
radial direction).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126136 </DOCNO>
Searching for additional heating - [OII] emission in the diffuse ionized


  We present spectroscopic data of ionized gas in the disk--halo regions of
three edge-on galaxies, NGC 891, NGC 4631 and NGC 3079, covering a wavelength
range from [\ion{O}{2}] $\lambda$3727\AA to [\ion{S}{2}] $\lambda$6716.4\AA.
The inclusion of the [\ion{O}{2}] emission provides new constraints on the
properties of the diffuse ionized gas (DIG), in particular, the origin of the
observed spatial variations in the line intensity ratios. We used three
different methods to derive electron temperatures, abundances and ionization
fractions along the slit. The increase in the [\ion{O}{2}]/H$\alpha$ line ratio
towards the halo in all three galaxies requires an increase either in electron
temperature or in oxygen abundance. Keeping the oxygen abundance constant
yields the most reasonable results for temperature, abundances, and ionization
fractions. Since a constant oxygen abundance seems to require an increase in
temperature towards the halo, we conclude that gradients in the electron
temperature play a significant role in the observed variations in the optical
line ratios from extraplanar DIG in these three spiral galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114525 </DOCNO>
Quantum mechanical formalism of particle beam optics


  A general procedure for construction of the formalism of quantum beam optics
for any particle is reviewed. The quantum formalism of spin-1/2 particle beam
optics is presented starting {\em ab initio} with the Dirac equation. As an
example of application the case of normal magnetic quadrupole lens is
discussed. In the classical limit the quantum formalism leads to the well-known
Lie algebraic formalism of classical particle beam optics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76638 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Constraints on Lorentz Violation in Electrodynamics


  Infrared, optical, and ultraviolet spectropolarimetry of cosmological sources
is used to constrain the pure electromagnetic sector of a general
Lorentz-violating standard-model extension. The coefficients for Lorentz
violation are bounded to less than 3x10^{-32}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7044 </DOCNO>
Uniform electron gas from two-particle wavefunctions


  An approximation for the unknown two-electron wavefunctions (geminals) of the
interacting uniform electron gas is found, starting from the effective screened
Coulomb potential proposed by Overhauser [Can. J. Phys. 73, 683 (1995)]. The
short-range part (small electron-electron distances) of the corresponding pair
density is in accurate agreement with the Quantum Monte Carlo results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98563 </DOCNO>
Curvature, Connected Sums, and Seiberg-Witten Theory


  We consider several differential-topological invariants of compact
4-manifolds which arise directly from Riemannian variational problems. Using
recent results of Bauer and Furuta, we compute these invariants in many cases
that were previously intractable. In particular, we are now able to calculate
the Yamabe invariant for certain connected sums of complex surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73099 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of eta and eta-prime mesons off nucleons close to


  The importance of Born terms and resonance exchange for eta and eta-prime
photoproduction off both the proton and neutron within U(3) baryon chiral
perturbation theory is investigated. Low-lying resonances such as the vector
mesons and J^P= 1/2^+, 1/2^- baryon resonances are included explicitly and
their contributions together with the Born terms are calculated. The coupling
constants of the resonances are determined from strong and radiative decays. We
obtain reasonable agreement with experimental data near threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99021 </DOCNO>
Random walks in random environment on trees and multiplicative chaos


  We study random walks in a random environment on a regular, rooted, coloured
tree. The asymptotic behaviour of the walks is classified for
ergodicity/transience in terms of the geometric properties of the matrix
describing the random environment. A related problem, with only one type of
vertices and quite stringent conditions on the transition probabilities but on
general trees has been considered previously in the literature LyoPem. In the
presentation we give here, we restrict the study of the process on a regular
graph instead of the irregular graph used in LyoPem. The close connection
between various problems on random walks in random environment and the so
called multiplicative chaos martingale is underlined by showing that the
classification of the random walk problem can be drawn by the corresponding
classification for the multiplicative chaos, at least for those situations
where both problems have been solved by independent methods. The chaos
counterpart of the problem we considered here has not yet been solved. The
results we obtain for the random walk problem localise the position of the
critical point. We conjecture that the additional conditions needed for the
chaos problem to have non trivial solutions will be the same as the ones needed
for the random walk to be null recurrent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83788 </DOCNO>
Flipping Cubical Meshes


  We define and examine flip operations for quadrilateral and hexahedral
meshes, similar to the flipping transformations previously used in triangular
and tetrahedral mesh generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2782 </DOCNO>
Guiding center picture of magnetoresistance oscillations in rectangular


  We calculate the magneto-resistivities of a two-dimensional electron gas
subjected to a lateral superlattice (LSL) of rectangular symmetry within the
guiding-center picture, which approximates the classical electron motion as a
rapid cyclotron motion around a slowly drifting guiding center. We explicitly
evaluate the velocity auto-correlation function along the trajectories of the
guiding centers, which are equipotentials of a magnetic-field dependent
effective LSL potential. The existence of closed equipotentials may lead to a
suppression of the commensurability oscillations, if the mean free path and the
LSL modulation potential are large enough. We present numerical and analytical
results for this suppression, which allow, in contrast to previous quantum
arguments, a classical explanation of similar suppression effects observed
experimentally on square-symmetric LSL. Furthermore, for rectangular LSLs of
lower symmetry they lead us to predict a strongly anisotropic resistance
tensor, with high- and low-resistance directions which can be interchanged by
tuning the externally applied magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127593 </DOCNO>
OPTIMA: A Photon Counting High-Speed Photometer


  OPTIMA is a small, versatile high-speed photometer which is primarily
intended for time resolved observations of young high energy pulsars at optical
wavelengths. The detector system consists of eight fiber fed photon counters
based on avalanche photodiodes, a GPS timing receiver, an integrating CCD
camera to ensure the correct pointing of the telescope and a computerized
control unit. Since January 1999 OPTIMA proves its scientific potential by
measuring a very detailed lightcurve of the Crab Pulsar as well as by observing
cataclysmic variable stars on very short timescales. In this article we
describe the design of the detector system focussing on the photon counting
units and the software control which correlates the detected photons with the
GPS timing signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96835 </DOCNO>
An Introduction to Pull-backs of Bundles and Homotopy Invariance


  We define the pull-back of a smooth principal fibre bundle, and show that it
has a natural principal fibre bundle structure. Next, we analyse the
relationship between pull-backs by homotopy equivalent maps. The main result of
this article is to show that for a principal fibre bundle over a paracompact
manifold, there is a principal fibre bundle isomorphism between pull-backs
obtained from homotopic maps. This enables simple proofs of several results on
the structure of principal fibre bundles. No new results are obtained---this is
simply an accessible presentation of an important idea.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114476 </DOCNO>
What does the correlation dimension of the human heart rate measure?


  It is shown that for the heart rate variability, finite values of the
correlation dimension D (calculated by the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm)
cannot be considered as an evidence for a deterministic chaos inside the heart.
Finiteness of D is explained by finite resolving power of the recording
apparatus. The correlation dimension depends both on the short-time variability
of the heart rhythm, and on the resolving power of the electrocardiogram. In
principle, it can be used as a certain measure of short-time variability of the
signal, but its diagnostic value on test groups was negligible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87193 </DOCNO>
On a time varying fine structure constant


  By employing Dirac LNH, and a further generalization by Berman (GLNH), we
estimate how should vary the total number of nucleons, the energy density,
Newton Gravitational constant, the cosmological constant, the magnetic
permeability and electric permitivity, of the Universe,in order to account for
the experimentally observed time variation of the fine structure constant. As a
bonus,we find an acceptable value for the deceleration parameter of the present
Universe, compatible with the Supernovae observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168514 </DOCNO>
Quantum dense coding using three qubits


  We consider a situation in which two parties, Alice and Bob, share a 3-qubit
system coupled in an initial maximally entangled, GHZ state. By manipulating
locally two of the qubits, Alice can prepare any one of the eight 3-qubit GHZ
states. Thus the sending of Alice's two qubits to Bob, entails 3 bits of
classical information which can be recovered by Bob by means of a measurement
distinguishing the eight (orthonormal) GHZ states. This contrasts with the
2-qubit case, in which Alice can prepare any of the four Bell states by acting
locally only on one of the qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98136 </DOCNO>
Sharp Global well-posedness for KdV and modified KdV on $\R$ and $\T$


  The initial value problems for the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) and modified KdV
(mKdV) equations under periodic and decaying boundary conditions are
considered. These initial value problems are shown to be globally well-posed in
all $L^2$-based Sobolev spaces $H^s$ where local well-posedness is presently
known, apart from the $H^{{1/4}} (\R)$ endpoint for mKdV. The result for KdV
relies on a new method for constructing almost conserved quantities using
multilinear harmonic analysis and the available local-in-time theory. Miura's
transformation is used to show that global well-posedness of modified KdV is
implied by global well-posedness of the standard KdV equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81253 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour of the Ginzburg-Landau model in the type II region


  We study the critical behaviour of the three-dimensional U(1) gauge+Higgs
theory (Ginzburg-Landau model) at large scalar self-coupling \lambda (``type II
region'') by measuring various correlation lengths as well as the
Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortex tension. We identify different scaling regions
as the transition is approached from below, and carry out detailed comparisons
with the criticality of the 3d O(2) symmetric scalar theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41419 </DOCNO>
Review of B Physics Results from the LEP Experiments and SLD


  A review of b physics results from the LEP experiments and SLD is presented.
Emphasis is given to the determination of the |Vcb| and |Vub| and to the study
of B meson oscillations, which yield bounds on the unitary triangle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85872 </DOCNO>
Spin-Polarised Cylinders and Torsion Balances to test Einstein-Cartan


  Spin-Polarised cylinders with and without axial magnetic fields are obtained
as particular families of solutions of Einstein-Cartan gravity (EC).The first
solution represents a spin-polarised cylinder in teleparallel gravity.The
second solution is a magnetized solution representing a spin-polarised cylinder
where the magnetic fields and spins are distributed along the infinite axis of
the cylinder.Altough it seems that the first solution is less realist than the
second it could be obtained by shielding the magnetic fields with a
superconductor.The second solution is computed by taking into account the
Ritter et al. experiment with the test spin-polarized mass to test spin
dependent forces.Ritter experiment deals with a test mass with $>10^{23}$ spin
polarized electrons which leads to a spin density of $10^{-4}gcm^{-1}s^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85917 </DOCNO>
Absence of Singularity in Loop Quantum Cosmology


  It is shown that the cosmological singularity in isotropic minisuperspaces is
naturally removed by quantum geometry. Already at the kinematical level, this
is indicated by the fact that the inverse scale factor is represented by a
bounded operator even though the classical quantity diverges at the initial
singularity. The full demonstation comes from an analysis of quantum dynamics.
Because of quantum geometry, the quantum evolution occurs in discrete time
steps and does not break down when the volume becomes zero. Instead, space-time
can be extended to a branch preceding the classical singularity independently
of the matter coupled to the model. For large volume the correct semiclassical
behavior is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123673 </DOCNO>
Reversing type II migration: resonance trapping of a lighter giant


  We present new results related to the coupled evolution of a two giant planet
system embedded in a protoplanetary disk, in which a Saturn mass protoplanet is
trapped in an outer mean motion resonance with a Jupiter mass protoplanet. The
gaps opened in the disk by the two planets overlap, therefore the two planet
system exchanges angular momentum with the disk at the inner planet's Inner
Lindblad Resonances (ILRs) and at the outer planet Outer Lindblad Resonances
(OLRs). Since the torques are proportional to the square of the planet masses,
and since the inner planet is about three times more massive than the outer
one, the ILR torques are favored by a factor ~10 with respect to the one planet
case. In the case presented here, this leads to a positive differential
Lindblad torque and consequently an outwards migration. We briefly discuss the
long-term behavior of the system, which could account for the high
eccentricities of the extra-solar planets with semi-major axis a>0.2 AU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95736 </DOCNO>
On Symplectic Cobordisms


  In this note we make several observations concerning symplectic cobordisms.
Among other things we show that every contact 3-manifold has infinitely many
concave symplectic fillings and that all overtwisted contact 3-manifolds are
``symplectic cobordism equivalent.''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129450 </DOCNO>
What does the local black hole mass distribution tell us about the


  We present a robust method to derive the duty cycle of QSO activity based on
the empirical QSO luminosity function and on the present-day linear relation
between the masses of supermassive black holes and those of their spheroidal
host stellar systems. It is found that the duty cycle is substantially less
than unity, with characteristic values in the range $3-6\times 10^{-3}$.
Finally, we tested the expectation that the QSO luminosity evolution and the
star formation history should be roughly parallel, as a consequence of the
above--mentioned relation between BH and galaxy masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75057 </DOCNO>
CP violation in the lepton flavor violating interactions mu -> e gamma


  We calculate the possible CP violating asymmetries for LFV decays mu -> e
gamma and tau -> mu gamma. Our predictions depend on the chosen new model
independent contribution. The result of measurements of such asymmetries for
these decays will open a new window to determine the physics beyond the SM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74060 </DOCNO>
Observability of Earth-skimming Ultra-high Energy Neutrinos


  Neutrinos with energies above 10^8 GeV are expected from cosmic ray
interactions with the microwave background and are predicted in many
speculative models. Such energetic neutrinos are difficult to detect, as they
are shadowed by the Earth, but rarely interact in the atmosphere. Here we
propose a novel detection strategy: Earth-skimming neutrinos convert to charged
leptons that escape the Earth, and these leptons are detected in ground level
fluorescence detectors. With the existing HiRes detector, neutrinos from some
proposed sources are marginally detectable, and improvements of two orders of
magnitude are possible at the proposed Telescope Array.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3788 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Susceptibility Study of the Heavy Rare Earth Stannate


  The series of magnetic rare earth pyrochlore stannates R2Sn2O7 (R = rare
earth, except Ce and Pm) have been investigated by powder susceptibility
measurements down to T =1.8 K. The results are compared to results for the
analogous titanate series, which are well-known frustrated magnets. Unlike the
titanates, the whole series can be formed in the cubic pyrochlore structure.
Possible experimental advantages of studying the stannates are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3369 </DOCNO>
Pattern formation in directional solidification under shear flow. I:


  An asymptotic interface equation for directional solidification near the
absolute stabiliy limit is extended by a nonlocal term describing a shear flow
parallel to the interface. In the long-wave limit considered, the flow acts
destabilizing on a planar interface. Moreover, linear stability analysis
suggests that the morphology diagram is modified by the flow near the onset of
the Mullins-Sekerka instability. Via numerical analysis, the bifurcation
structure of the system is shown to change. Besides the known hexagonal cells,
structures consisting of stripes arise. Due to its symmetry-breaking
properties, the flow term induces a lateral drift of the whole pattern, once
the instability has become active. The drift velocity is measured numerically
and described analytically in the framework of a linear analysis. At large flow
strength, the linear description breaks down, which is accompanied by a
transition to flow-dominated morphologies, described in a companion paper.
Small and intermediate flows lead to increased order in the lattice structure
of the pattern, facilitating the elimination of defects. Locally oscillating
structures appear closer to the instability threshold with flow than without.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96968 </DOCNO>
Systems of conservation laws of Temple class, equations of associativity


  We propose a geometric correspondence between (a) linearly degenerate systems
of conservation laws with rectilinear rarefaction curves and (b) congruences of
lines in projective space whose developable surfaces are planar pencils of
lines. We prove that in projective 4-space such congruences are necessarily
linear. Based on the results of Castelnuovo, the classification of
three-component systems is obtained, revealing a close relationship of the
problem with projective geometry of the Veronese variety and the theory of
associativity equations of two-dimensional topological field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3786 </DOCNO>
Chiral exponents in frustrated spin models with noncollinear ordering


  We compute the chiral critical exponents for the chiral transition in
frustrated two- and three-component spin systems with noncollinear order, such
as stacked triangular antiferromagnets (STA). For this purpose, we calculate
and analyze the six-loop field-theoretical expansion of the
renormalization-group function associated with the chiral operator. The results
are in satisfactory agreement with those obtained in the recent experiment on
the XY STA CsMnBr_3 reported by V. P. Plakhty et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3942
(2000), providing further support for the continuous nature of the chiral
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124003 </DOCNO>
Radiative transfer in molecular lines


  The highly convergent iterative methods developed by Trujillo Bueno and
Fabiani Bendicho (1995) for radiative transfer (RT) applications are
generalized to spherical symmetry with velocity fields. These RT methods are
based on Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel (GS), and SOR iteration and they form the basis
of a new NLTE multilevel transfer code for atomic and molecular lines. The
benchmark tests carried out so far are presented and discussed. The main aim is
to develop a number of powerful RT tools for the theoretical interpretation of
molecular spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2482 </DOCNO>
Fronts dynamics in the presence of spatio-temporal structured noises


  Front dynamics modeled by a reaction-diffusion equation are studied under the
influence of spatio-temporal structured noises. An effective deterministic
model is analytical derived where the noise parameters, intensity, correlation
time and correlation length appear explicitely. The different effects of these
parameters are discussed for the Ginzburg-Landau and Schl\"ogl models. We
obtain an analytical expression for the front velocity as a function of the
noise parameters. Numerical simulations results are in a good agreement with
the theoretical predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1673 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in the non-oxide Perovskite MgCNi3


  The oxide perovskites are a large family of materials with many important
physical properties. Of particular interest has been the fact that this
structure type provides an excellent structural framework for the existence of
superconductivity. The high Tc copper oxides are the most famous examples of
superconducting perovskites, but there are many others [1]. Intermetallic
compounds have been the source of many superconducting materials in the past,
but they have been eclipsed in recent years by the perovskite oxides. The
recent discovery of superconductivity in MgB2 [2] suggests that intermetallic
compounds with simple structure types are worth serious reconsideration as
sources of new superconducting materials. Here we report the observation of
superconductivity at 8 K in the perovskite structure intermetallic compound
MgCNi3, linking what appear at first sight to be mutually exclusive classes of
superconducting materials. The observation of superconductivity in MgCNi3
indicates that MgB2 will not be the only one of its kind within the chemical
paradigm that it suggests for new superconducting materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148107 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and form factors for the homogeneous


  We provide a brief characterization of the main features of the homogeneous
sine-Gordon models and discuss a general construction principle for colour
valued S-matrices, associated to a pair of simply laced Lie algebras, which
contain the homogeneous sine-Gordon models as a subclass. We give a brief
introduction to the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and the form factor approach and
discuss explicit solutions for both methods related to the homogeneous
Sine-Gordon models and its generalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168135 </DOCNO>
The Role of Relative Entropy in Quantum Information Theory


  Quantum mechanics and information theory are among the most important
scientific discoveries of the last century. Although these two areas initially
developed separately it has emerged that they are in fact intimately related.
In this review I will show how quantum information theory extends traditional
information theory by exploring the limits imposed by quantum, rather than
classical mechanics on information storage and transmission. The derivation of
many key results uniquely differentiates this review from the "usual"
presentation in that they are shown to follow logically from one crucial
property of relative entropy. Within the review optimal bounds on the speed-up
that quantum computers can achieve over their classical counter-parts are
outlined using information theoretic arguments. In addition important
implications of quantum information theory to thermodynamics and quantum
measurement are intermittently discussed. A number of simple examples and
derivations including quantum super-dense coding, quantum teleportation,
Deutsch's and Grover's algorithms are also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124542 </DOCNO>
Strong gravitational lensing by multiple galaxies


  We discuss strong gravitational lensing by multiple objects along any line of
sight. The probability for strong gravitational lensing by more than one lens
is small, but a number of strong lens systems in which more than one separate
lens contribute significantly to the lensing potential will be detected in the
large sample of lens systems compiled with new instruments. Using multi-lens
ray-tracing, we estimate the likelihood for gravitational lensing by two lenses
at different redshifts and investigate typical image geometries and
magnification cross sections. We find that, for a cosmology with Omega_M=0.3
and Omega_Lambda=0.7, about one in twenty lens systems consist of two lenses
with merging caustics. Multiple lens systems differ from single lenses. They
have a larger multiple imaging cross section and significantly differ in the
image configuration. The external shear induced by a nearby galaxy, group or
cluster can affect image positions even for more widely separated lens pairs.
Both of these effects must be accounted for in lens modelling. We also show how
the presence of aligned discs in the pair of lensing galaxies can lead to very
large high-magnification cross sections. Multiple lens systems will be
important in future, both for constraining lens models of individual systems
and for statistical lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86860 </DOCNO>
Newtonian Counterparts of Spin 2 Massless Discontinuities


  Massive spin 2 theories in flat or cosmological ($\Lambda \ne 0$) backgrounds
are subject to discontinuities as the masses tend to zero. We show and explain
physically why their Newtonian limits do not inherit this behaviour. On the
other hand, conventional ``Newtonian cosmology'', where $\Lambda $ is a
constant source of the potential, displays discontinuities: e.g. for any
finite range, $\Lambda$ can be totally removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40798 </DOCNO>
Recent NA49 results on Pb+Pb collisions at CERN SPS


  In the spirit of establishing a fair reference for nucleus-nucleus
collisions, results on stopping and baryon transfer, correlations of the p+p
interaction and their consequences are shown. In the discussion of new results
from nucleus-nucleus collisions the emphasis is on strange meson and baryon
production at different energies - for the first time at 40 GeV A - with the
study of light nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168620 </DOCNO>
Entanglement sharing among qudits


  Consider a system consisting of n d-dimensional quantum particles (qudits),
and suppose that we want to optimize the entanglement between each pair. One
can ask the following basic question regarding the sharing of entanglement:
what is the largest possible value Emax(n,d) of the minimum entanglement
between any two particles in the system? (Here we take the entanglement of
formation as our measure of entanglement.) For n=3 and d=2, that is, for a
system of three qubits, the answer is known: Emax(3,2) = 0.550. In this paper
we consider first a system of d qudits and show that Emax(d,d) is greater than
or equal to 1. We then consider a system of three particles, with three
different values of d. Our results for the three-particle case suggest that as
the dimension d increases, the particles can share a greater fraction of their
entanglement capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73411 </DOCNO>
Spin transfer in high energy fragmentation processes


  We point out that measuring longitudinal polarizations of different hyperons
produced in lepton induced reactions are ideal to study the spin transfer of
the fragtmenting quark to produced hadron in high energy hadronization
processes. We briefly summarize the method used in calculating the hyperon
polarizations in these processes, then present some of the results for e+e- and
e-p or \nu p reactions obtained using two different pictures for the spin
structure of hyperon: that drawn from polarized deep inelastic lepton-nucleon
scattering data or that using SU(6) symmetric wave functions. The results show
in particular that measurements of such polarizations should provide useful
information to the question of which picture is more suitable in describing the
spin effects in the fragmentation processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 661 </DOCNO>
Mean-field theory of quantum brownian motion


  We investigate a mean-field approach to a quantum brownian particle
interacting with a quantum thermal bath at temperature $T$, and subjected to a
non-linear potential. An exact, partially classical description of quantum
brownian motion is proposed, which uses negative probabilities in its
intermediate steps. It is shown that properties of the quantum particle can be
mapped to those of two classical brownian particles in a common potential,
where one of them interacts with the quantum bath, whereas another one
interacts with a classical bath at zero temperature. Due to damping the system
allows a unique and non-singular classical limit at $\hbar \to 0$. For high $T$
the stationary state becomes explicitly classical. The low-temperature case is
studied through an effective Fokker-Planck equation. Non-trivial purely quantum
correlation effects between the two particles are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114501 </DOCNO>
Are the electron spin and magnetic moment parallel or antiparallel


  A direct measurement of the relative orientation between the spin and
magnetic moment of the electron seems to be never performed. The kinematical
theory of elementary particles developed by the author and the analysis of the
expectation value of Dirac's magnetic moment operator show that, contrary to
the usual assumption, spin and magnetic moment of electrons and positrons might
have the same relative orientation. Two plausible experiments for their
relative orientation measurement are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129558 </DOCNO>
Astrometric Microlensing with the GAIA satellite


  GAIA is the ``super-Hipparcos'' survey satellite selected as a Cornerstone 6
mission by the European Space Agency. GAIA can measure microlensing by the
small excursions of the light centroid that occur during events. The all-sky
source-averaged astrometric microlensing optical depth is about 10^{-5}. Some
25000 sources will have a significant variation of the centroid shift, together
with a closest approach, during the lifetime of the mission. A covariance
analysis is used to study the propagation of errors and the estimation of
parameters from realistic sampling of the GAIA datastream of transits in the
along-scan direction during microlensing events. Monte Carlo simulations are
used to study the 2500 events for which the mass can be recovered with an error
of less than 50 per cent. These high quality events are dominated by disk
lenses within a few tens of parsecs and source stars within a few hundred
parsecs. We show that the local mass function can be recovered from the high
quality sample to good accuracy. GAIA is the first instrument with the
capabilities of measuring the mass locally in very faint objects like black
holes and very cool white and brown dwarfs. For only 5 per cent of all
astrometric events will GAIA record even one photometric datapoint. There is a
need for a dedicated telescope that densely samples the Galactic Centre and
spiral arms, as this can improve the accuracy of parameter estimation by a
factor of about 10.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75284 </DOCNO>
Towards a Theory of Flavor from Orbifold GUTs


  We show that the recently constructed 5-dimensional supersymmetric
$S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2')$ orbifold GUT models allow an appealing explanation of
the observed hierarchical structure of the quark and lepton masses and mixing
angles. Flavor hierarchies arise from the geometrical suppression of some
couplings when fields propagate in different numbers of dimensions, or on
different fixed branes. Restrictions arising from locality in the extra
dimension allow interesting texture zeroes to be easily generated. In addition
the detailed nature of the SU(5)-breaking orbifold projections lead to simple
theories where $b-\tau$ unification is maintained but similar disfavored SU(5)
relations for the lighter generations are naturally avoided. We find that
simple 5d models based on $S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2')$ are strikingly successful in
explaining many features of the masses and mixing angles of the 2nd and 3rd
generation. Successful three generation models of flavor including neutrinos
are constructed by generalizing the $S^1/(Z_2\times Z'_2)$ model to six
dimensions. Large angle neutrino mixing is elegantly accommodated. Novel
features of these models include a simple $m_u=0$ configuration leading to a
solution of the strong CP problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3535 </DOCNO>
Interfacial phase transitions in twinning-plane superconductors


  Within the framework of Ginzburg-Landau theory we study the rich variety of
interfacial phase transitions in twinning-plane superconductors. We show that
the phase behaviour strongly depends on the transparency of the twinning plane
for electrons measured by means of the coupling parameter \alpha_TP. By
analyzing the solutions of the Ginzburg-Landau equations in the limit of
perfectly transparent twinning planes, we predict a first-order interface
delocalization transition for all type-I materials. We further perform a
detailed study of the other limit in which the twinning plane is opaque. The
phase diagram proves to be very rich and fundamentally different from the
transparent case, recovering many of the results for a system with an external
surface. In particular both first-order and critical delocalization transitions
are found to be possible, accompanied by a first-order depinning transition. We
provide a comparison with experimental results and discuss the relevance of our
findings for type-II materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114050 </DOCNO>
Plasma-Induced Frequency Chirp of Intense Femtosecond Lasers and Its


  We investigate the self-phase modulation of intense femtosecond laser pulses
propagating in an ionizing gas and its effects on collective properties of
high-order harmonics generated in the medium. Plasmas produced in the medium
are shown to induce a positive frequency chirp on the leading edge of the
propagating laser pulse, which subsequently drives high harmonics to become
positively chirped. In certain parameter regimes, the plasma-induced positive
chirp can help to generate sharply peaked high harmonics, by compensating for
the dynamically-induced negative chirp that is caused by the steep intensity
profile of intense short laser pulses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95891 </DOCNO>
Index and Spectral Theory for Manifolds with Generalized Fibred Cusps


  Generalizing work of W. M\"uller we investigate the spectral theory for the
Dirac operator D on a noncompact manifold X with generalized fibred cusps $$
C(M)=M\times [A,\infty[_r, g= d r^2+ \phi^*g_Y+ e^{-2cr}g_Z, $$ at infinity.
Here $\phi:M^{h+v}\to Y^h$ is a compact fibre bundle with fibre Z and a
distinguished horizontal space HM. The metric $g_Z$ is a metric in the fibres
and $g_Y$ is a metric on the base of the fibration. We also assume that the
kernel of the vertical Dirac operator at infinity forms a vector bundle over
$Y$.
  Using the ``$\phi$-calculus'' developed by R. Mazzeo and R. Melrose we
explicitly construct the meromorphic continuation of the resolvent $G(\lambda)$
of D for small spectral parameter as a special ``conormal distribution''. From
this we deduce a description of the generalized eigensections and of the
spectral measure of D.
  Complementing this, we perform an explicit construction of the heat kernel
$[\exp(-tD^2)]$ for finite and small times t, corresponding to large spectral
parameter $\lambda$. Using a generalization of Getzler's technique, due to R.
Melrose, we can describe the singular terms in the heat kernel expansion and
prove an index formula for D, calculating the extended $L^2$-index of D in
terms of the usual local expression, the family eta invariant for the family of
vertical Dirac operators at infinity and the eta invariant for the horizontal
``Dirac'' operator at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98976 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Binding in non-relativistic QED


  We consider a spinless particle coupled to a photon field and prove that even
if the Schr\"odinger operator $p^2 + V$ does not have eigenvalues the system
can have a ground state. We describe the coupling by means of the Pauli-Fierz
Hamiltonian and our result holds in the case where the coupling constant
$\alpha$ is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86766 </DOCNO>
A Varying-alpha Brane World Cosmology


  We study the brane world cosmology in the RS2 model where the electric charge
varies with time in the manner described by the varying fine-structure constant
theory of Bekenstein. We map such varying electric charge cosmology to the dual
variable-speed-of-light cosmology by changing system of units. We comment on
cosmological implications for such cosmological models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113604 </DOCNO>
Vacuum charges within a teleparallel Weyl tensor


  A comparison is given between the Newtonian and Einsteinian frames of
gravitation. From this it is shown that there exist a weak connection to
gravitation and electromagnetism. This connection is then studied more
thoroughly with the Weyl tensor and with the electromagnetic vacuum \Lambda.
Which dictates General Relativity should be reformulated to confer to a
`Einstein-Cartan-Weyl' geometry. Where it is seen that the Gravitational
Constant is the inverse of the Compton wavelength shown through a Weyl gauge
potential of form [F_{\alpha\beta}+A_{a\beta}^\alpha]_{;\beta}. The gauge
potential along with Einstein-Cartan geometry is argued to explain superluminal
velocities observed within General Relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76657 </DOCNO>
Radial Modes of Neutron Stars with a Quark Core


  We make a first calculation of eigenfrequencies of radial pulsations of
neutron stars with quark cores in a general relativistic formalism given by
Chandrasekhar. The equations of state (EOS) used to estimate such
eigenfrequencies have been derived by taking proper care of the hadron-quark
phase transition. The hadronic EOS's have been obtained in the framework of the
Brueckner-Hartree-Fock and relativistic mean field theories, whereas the quark
EOS has been derived within the MIT bag model. We find that the periods of
oscillations of neutron stars with a quark core show a kink, which is
associated with the presence of a mixed phase region. Also, oscillation periods
show significant differences between ordinary neutron stars and neutron stars
with dynamical quark phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96475 </DOCNO>
Some differential equations in synthetic differential geometry


  Some differential equations are considered in the context of Synthetic
Differential Geometry. Here, this means that not only nilpotent infinitesimals,
but also the formation of function spaces, is exploited. In particular, we
utilize distribution spaces in our study of wave and heat equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76080 </DOCNO>
The spontaneous generation of magnetic and chromomagnetic fields at high


  The spontaneous generation of the magnetic and chromomagnetic fields at high
temperature is investigated in the Standard Model. The consistent effective
potential including the one-loop and the daisy diagrams of all boson and
fermion fields is calculated. The mixing of the generated fields due to the
quark loop diagram is studied in detail. It is found that the quark
contribution increases the magnetic and chromomagnetic field strengths as
compared with the separate generation of fields. The magnetized vacuum state is
stable due to the magnetic gauge field masses included in the daisy diagrams.
Some applications of the results obtained are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125913 </DOCNO>
Optimal multihump filter for photometric redshifts


  We propose a novel type filter for multicolor imaging to improve on the
photometric redshift estimation of galaxies. An extra filter - specific to a
certain photometric system - may be utilized with high efficiency. We present a
case study of the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys and show
that one extra exposure could cut down the mean square error on photometric
redshifts by 34% over the z<1.3 redshift range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96713 </DOCNO>
Hypergeometric-like Representation of the Zeta-Function of Riemann


  We present a new expansion of the zeta-function of Riemann. The current
formalism -- which combines both the idea of interpolation with constraints and
the concept of hypergeometric functions -- can, in a natural way, be
generalised within the theory of the zeta-function of Hawking offering thus a
variety of applications in quantum field theory, quantum cosmology and
statistical mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179591 </DOCNO>
Parameter symmetries of quantum many-body systems


  We analyze the occurrence of dynamically equivalent Hamiltonians in the
parameter space of general many-body interactions for quantum systems,
particularly those that conserve the total number of particles. As an
illustration of the general framework, the appearance of parameter symmetries
in the interacting boson model-1 and their absence in the Ginocchio SO(8)
fermionic model are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125295 </DOCNO>
Shape of the 4.438 MeV gamma-ray line of ^12C from proton and


  We calculated in detail the angular distribution of gamma-rays and the
resulting shape of the gamma-ray line produced by the nuclear deexcitation of
the 4.439 MeV state of ^12C following proton and alpha-particle interactions
with ^12C and ^16O in the energy range from threshold to 100 MeV per nucleon,
making use of available experimental data. In the proton energy range from 8.6
to 20 MeV, the extensive data set of a recent accelerator experiment on
gamma-ray line shapes and angular distributions was used to deduce
parameterizations for the gamma-ray emission of the 2^+, 4.439 MeV state of
^12C following inelastic proton scattering off ^12C and proton induced
spallation of ^16O. At higher proton energies and for alpha-particle induced
reactions, optical model calculations were the main source to obtain the needed
reaction parameters for the calculation of gamma-ray line shapes and angular
distributions. Line shapes are predicted for various interaction scenarios of
accelerated protons and alpha-particles in solar flares.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4292 </DOCNO>
Meandering instability of curved step edges on growth of a crystalline


  We study the meandering instability during growth of an isolated
nanostructure, a crystalline cone, consisting of concentric circular steps. The
onset of the instability is studied analytically within the framework of the
standard Burton-Cabrera-Frank model, which is applied to describe step flow
growth in circular geometry. We derive the correction to the most unstable
wavelength and show that in general it depends on the curvature in a
complicated way. Only in the asymptotic limit where the curvature approaches
zero the results are shown to reduce to the rectangular case. The results
obtained here are of importance in estimating growth regimes for stable
nanostructures against step meandering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127196 </DOCNO>
Dark energy and cosmic microwave background bispectrum


  We compute the cosmic microwave background bispectrum arising from the
cross-correlation of primordial, lensing and Rees-Sciama signals. The amplitude
of the bispectrum signal is sensitive to the matter density parameter, Omega_0,
and the equation of state of the dark energy, which we parameterize by w_Q. We
conclude that the dataset of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, combined with MAP
2-year data or the Planck data set alone will allow us to break the degeneracy
between Omega_0 and w_Q that arises from the analysis of CMB power spectrum. In
particular a joint measurement of Omega_0 and w_Q with 10% and 30% error on the
two parameters respectively, at the 90% confidence level can realistically be
achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86425 </DOCNO>
A stationary vacuum solution dual to the Kerr solution


  We present a stationary axially symmetric two parameter vacuum solution which
could be considered as ``dual'' to the Kerr solution. It is obtained by
removing the mass parameter from the function of the radial coordinate and
introducing a dimensionless parameter in the function of the angle coordinate
in the metric functions. It turns out that it is in fact the massless limit of
the Kerr - NUT solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3909 </DOCNO>
Proximity effects at ferromagnet-superconductor interfaces


  We study proximity effects at ferromagnet superconductor interfaces by
self-consistent numerical solution of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for
the continuum, without any approximations. Our procedures allow us to study
systems with long superconducting coherence lengths. We obtain results for the
pair potential, the pair amplitude, and the local density of states. We use
these results to extract the relevant proximity lengths. We find that the
superconducting correlations in the ferromagnet exhibit a damped oscillatory
behavior that is reflected in both the pair amplitude and the local density of
states. The characteristic length scale of these oscillations is approximately
inversely proportional to the exchange field, and is independent of the
superconducting coherence length in the range studied. We find the
superconducting coherence length to be nearly independent of the ferromagnetic
polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74643 </DOCNO>
Anderson Theorem for Color Superconductor


  Ginzburg-Landau functional is derived for a system possessing both chiral and
diquark condensates. Anderson theorem for such a system is formulated and
proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81475 </DOCNO>
Glueballs, strings and topology in SU(N) gauge theory


  I show how one can use lattice methods to calculate various continuum
properties of SU(N) gauge theories; in part to explore old ideas that N=3 might
be close to N=infinity. I describe calculations of the low-lying `glueball'
mass spectrum, of the string tensions of k-strings and of topological
fluctuations for N=2,3,4,5. We find that mass ratios appear to show a rapid
approach to the large-N limit, and, indeed, can be described all the way down
to SU(2) using just a leading O(1/NxN) correction. We confirm that the smooth
large-N limit we find is confining and is obtained by keeping a constant 't
Hooft coupling. We find that the ratio of the k=2 string tension to the k=1
fundamental string tension is much less than the naive (unbound) value of 2 and
is considerably greater than the naive bag model prediction; in fact we find
that it is consistent, within quite small errors, with either the
M(-theory)QCD-inspired conjecture or with `Casimir scaling'. Finally I describe
calculations of the topological charge of the gauge fields. We observe that, as
expected, the density of small-size instantons vanishes rapidly as N increases,
while the topological susceptibility appears to have a non-zero N=infinity
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127830 </DOCNO>
Evidence for binarity in the bipolar planetary nebulae A79, He2-428 and


  We present low and high resolution long-slit spectra of three bipolar
planetary nebulae (PNe) with bright central cores: A79, He2-428 and M1-91.
He2-428 and M1-91 have high density (from 10^3.3 to 10^6.5 cm^-3) unresolved
nebular cores that indicate that strong mass loss/exchange phenomena are
occurring close to their central stars. An F0 star is found at the centre of
symmetry of A79; its reddening and distance are consistent with the association
of the star with the nebula. The spectrum of the core of He2-428 shows
indications of the presence of a hot star with red excess emission, probably
arising in a late-type companion. A79 is one of the richest PNe in N and He,
the abundances of M1-91 are at the lower end of the range spanned by bipolar
PNe, and He2-428 shows very low abundances, similar to those measured for halo
PNe. The extended nebulae of A79 and He2-428 have inclined equatorial rings
expanding at a velocity of approx. 15 km/s, with kinematical ages 10^4 yr. The
association of these aged, extended nebulae with a dense nebular core (He2-428)
or a relatively late type star (A79) is interpreted as evidence for the
binarity of their nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96583 </DOCNO>
The Distribution of Values of Analytic Functions on Convex Bodies


  Proceeding the study of local properties of analytic functions started in
[Br] we prove new dimensionless inequalities for such functions in terms of
their Chebyshev degree. As a consequence, we obtain the reverse Holder
inequalities for analytic functions with absolute (i.e., independent of
dimension) constants. For polynomials such inequalities were recently proved by
Bobkov who sharpened and generalized the previous Bourgain result and by Sodin
and Volberg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3545 </DOCNO>
A critical evaluation of dynamic fracture simulations using cohesive


  Finite element calculations of dynamic fracture based on embedding cohesive
surfaces in a continuum indicate that the predictions are sensitive to the
cohesive law used. Simulations were performed on a square block in plane strain
with an initial edge crack loaded at a constant rate of strain. Cohesive laws
that have an initial elastic response were observed to produce spontaneous
branching at high velocity, but to modify the linear elastic properties of the
body. As a consequence the cohesive surface spacing cannot be refined
arbitrarily and becomes an important length scale in the simulations. Cohesive
laws that are initially rigid do not alter the linear elastic response of the
body. However, crack branching behavior was not observed when such a cohesive
relation was implemented using a regular finite element mesh.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124240 </DOCNO>
Radiative Bulk Viscosity


  Viscous resistance to changes in the volume of a gas arises when different
degrees of freedom have different relaxation times. Collisions tend to oppose
the resulting departures from equilibrium and, in so doing, generate entropy.
Even for a classical gas of hard spheres, when the mean free paths or mean
flight times of constituent particles are long, we find a nonvanishing bulk
viscosity. Here we apply a method recently used to uncover this result for a
classical rarefied gas to radiative transfer theory and derive an expression
for the radiative stress tensor for a gray medium with absorption and Thomson
scattering. We determine the transport coefficients through the calculation of
the comoving entropy generation. When scattering dominates absorption, the bulk
viscosity becomes much larger than either the shear viscosity or the thermal
conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74662 </DOCNO>
Large Extra Dimensions from a Small Extra Dimension


  Models with extra dimensions have changed our understanding of the hierarchy
problem. In general, these models explain the weakness of gravity by diluting
gravity in a large bulk volume, or by localizing the graviton away from the
standard model. In this paper, we show that the warped geometries necessary for
the latter scenario can naturally induce the large volumes necessary for the
former. We present a model in which a large volume is stabilized without
supersymmetry. We comment on the phenomenology of this scenario and
generalizations to additional dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6237 </DOCNO>
A Survey of Numerical Solutions to the Coagulation Equation


  We present the results of a systematic survey of numerical solutions to the
coagulation equation for a rate coefficient of the form A_ij \propto (i^mu j^nu
+ i^nu j^mu) and monodisperse initial conditions. The results confirm that
there are three classes of rate coefficients with qualitatively different
solutions. For nu \leq 1 and lambda = mu + nu \leq 1, the numerical solution
evolves in an orderly fashion and tends toward a self-similar solution at large
time t. The properties of the numerical solution in the scaling limit agree
with the analytic predictions of van Dongen and Ernst. In particular, for the
subset with mu > 0 and lambda < 1, we disagree with Krivitsky and find that the
scaling function approaches the analytically predicted power-law behavior at
small mass, but in a damped oscillatory fashion that was not known previously.
For nu \leq 1 and lambda > 1, the numerical solution tends toward a
self-similar solution as t approaches a finite time t_0. The mass spectrum n_k
develops at t_0 a power-law tail n_k \propto k^{-tau} at large mass that
violates mass conservation, and runaway growth/gelation is expected to start at
t_crit = t_0 in the limit the initial number of particles n_0 -> \infty. The
exponent tau is in general less than the analytic prediction (lambda + 3)/2,
and t_0 = K/[(lambda - 1) n_0 A_11] with K = 1--2 if lambda > 1.1. For nu > 1,
the behaviors of the numerical solution are similar to those found in a
previous paper by us. They strongly suggest that there are no self-consistent
solutions at any time and that runaway growth is instantaneous in the limit n_0
-> \infty. They also indicate that the time t_crit for the onset of runaway
growth decreases slowly toward zero with increasing n_0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113601 </DOCNO>
High-resolution TOF with RPCs


  In this work we describe some recent results concerning the application of
Resistive Plate Chambers operated in avalanche mode at atmospheric pressure for
high-resolution time-of-flight measurements. A combination of multiple,
mechanically accurate, thin gas gaps and state-of-the-art electronics yielded
an overall (detector plus electronics) timing accuracy better than 50 ps sigma
with a detection efficiency up to 99% for MIPs. Single gap chambers were also
tested in order to clarify experimentally several aspects of the mode of
operation of these detectors. These results open perspectives of affordable and
reliable high granularity large area TOF detectors, with an efficiency and time
resolution comparable to the existing scintillator-based TOF technology but
with a significantly, up to an order of magnitude, lower price per channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148325 </DOCNO>
N=1 supersymmetric path-integral Poisson-Lie duality


  We extend the path-integral formulation of Poisson-Lie duality found by
Tyurin and von Unge to N=1 supersymmetric sigma-models. Using an explicit
representation of the generators of the Drinfel'd double corresponding to
GxU(1)^dimG we discuss an application to non-abelian duality. The paper also
contains the relevant background and some comments on Poisson-Lie duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98766 </DOCNO>
Fredholm determinants, Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno tau-functions, and representation


  The authors show that a wide class of Fredholm determinants arising in the
representation theory of "big" groups such as the infinite-dimensional unitary
group, solve Painleve equations. Their methods are based on the theory of
integrable operators and the theory of Riemann-Hilbert problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113392 </DOCNO>
GRECP/RCC calculation of the spectroscopic constants for the HgH


  Generalized relativistic effective core potential (GRECP) calculations of
spectroscopic constants of the HgH molecule ground and low excited states and
the HgH+ cation ground state are carried out, with correlation included by the
Fock-space relativistic coupled cluster (RCC) method. Basis set superposition
errors (BSSE) are estimated and discussed. It is demonstrated that connected
triple excitations of the 13 outermost electrons are necessary to obtain
accurate results for mercury hydride. Spectroscopic constants derived from
potential curves which include these terms are in very good agreement with
experiment, with errors of a few mbohr in Re, tens of wavenumbers in excitation
energies and vibrational frequencies, and proportionately for other properties.
Comparison with previous calculations is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6990 </DOCNO>
Spin injection and spin accumulation in permalloy-copper mesoscopic spin


  We study the electrical injection and detection of spin currents in a lateral
spin valve device, using permalloy (Py) as ferromagnetic injecting and
detecting electrodes and copper (Cu) as non-magnetic metal. Our multi-terminal
geometry allows us to experimentally distinguish different magneto resistance
signals, being 1) the spin valve effect, 2) the anomalous magneto resistance
(AMR) effect and 3) Hall effects. We find that the AMR contribution of the Py
contacts can be much bigger than the amplitude of the spin valve effect, making
it impossible to observe the spin valve effect in a 'conventional' measurement
geometry. However, these 'contact' magneto resistance signals can be used to
monitor the magnetization reversal process, making it possible to determine the
magnetic switching fields of the Py contacts of the spin valve device. In a
'non local' spin valve measurement we are able to completely isolate the spin
valve signal and observe clear spin accumulation signals at T=4.2 K as well as
at room temperature. We obtain spin diffusion lengths in copper of 1 micrometer
and 350 nm at T=4.2 K and room temperature respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2036 </DOCNO>
Exchange and spin-fluctuation superconducting pairing in cuprates


  We propose a microscopical theory of superconductivity in CuO$_2$ layer
within the effective two-band Hubbard model in the strong correlation limit. By
applying a projection technique for the matrix Green function in terms of the
Hubbard operators, the Dyson equation is derived. It is proved that in the
mean-field approximation d-wave superconducting pairing mediated by the
conventional exchange interaction occurs. Allowing for the self-energy
corrections due to kinematic interaction, a spin-fluctuation d-wave pairing is
also obtained. $T\sb{c}$ dependence on the hole concentration and $\bf
k$-dependence of the gap function are derived. The results show that the
exchange interaction (which stems from the interband hopping) prevails over the
kinematic interaction (which stems from the intraband hopping).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77088 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the soft SUSY breaking terms in the strong Yukawa


  In the strong Yukawa coupling limit the renormalization of trilinear
couplings $A_i(t)$ and combinations of the scalar particle masses
$\mathfrak{M}_i^2(t)$ are studied in the framework of the Next--to--Minimal
SUSY Model. The dependence of given parameters on their initial values at the
Grand Unification scale disappears when the solutions of the renormalization
group equations approach the infrared quasi fixed points. Besides that at
$\tilde{\alpha}_{\text{GUT}}\ll Y_i(0)\ll 1$ in the vicinity of quasi fixed
points $A_i(t)$ and $\mathfrak{M}_i^2(t)$ concentrated near lines or surfaces
in the soft SUSY breaking parameter space. It occurs because the dependence of
trilinear couplings and combinations of scalar particle mass on $A_i(0)$ and
$\mathfrak{M}_i^2(0)$ disappears rather weakly. We propose a method which
enables to obtain equations for such lines and surfaces. Their origin is also
discussed by means of exact and approximate solutions of the NMSSM
renormalization group equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4669 </DOCNO>
Symmetry breaking through a sequence of transitions in a driven


  In this work we study a two species driven diffusive system with open
boundaries that exhibits spontaneous symmetry breaking in one dimension. In a
symmetry broken state the currents of the two species are not equal, although
the dynamics is symmetric. A mean field theory predicts a sequence of two
transitions from a strongly symmetry broken state through an intermediate
symmetry broken state to a symmetric state. However, a recent numerical study
has questioned the existence of the intermediate state and instead suggested a
single discontinuous transition. In this work we present an extensive numerical
study that supports the existence of the intermediate phase but shows that this
phase and the transition to the symmetric phase are qualitatively different
from the mean-field predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41780 </DOCNO>
Optimization of the parameters in the RHIC single crystal heavy ion


  In the framework of the project to design and test a collimation system
prototype using bent channeling crystal for cleaning of the RHIC heavy ion beam
halo, we have studied the optimal length and bending angle of a silicon (110)
single crystal proposed to be a primary element situated upstream of the
traditional heavy amorphous collimator. Besides the matters of the channeling
and collimation efficiency, we also looked into the impact the crystal may have
on the non-channeled particles that go on circulating in the ring, so as to
reduce the momentum offset of the particles scattered of the crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127415 </DOCNO>
Period Changes of the LMC Cepheids Determined from the Harvard, OGLE and


  Observations of Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud, made over the last
several decades, allow us to search for evolutionary period changes. None of
the Cepheid from our sample of 378 stars stopped pulsating. Also none of them
showed a large period change which could indicate mode switching. However for
Cepheids with log P > 0.9 we found significant period changes, positive as well
as negative. A comparison between the observed period changes and theoretical
predictions shows moderate agreement with some models (Bono et al. 2000), and a
very large disagreement with others (Alibert et al. 1999). The large
differences between the models are likely caused by the very high sensitivity
of stellar evolution during core helium burning phase to even small changes in
the input physics, as discovered by Lauterborn, Refsdal and Weigert (1971).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4682 </DOCNO>
About the Functional Form of the Parisi Overlap Distribution for the


  Recently, it has been conjectured that the statistics of extremes is of
relevance for a large class of correlated system. For certain probability
densities this predicts the characteristic large $x$ fall-off behavior
$f(x)\sim\exp (-a e^x)$, $a>0$. Using a multicanonical Monte Carlo technique,
we have calculated the Parisi overlap distribution $P(q)$ for the
three-dimensional Edward-Anderson Ising spin glass at and below the critical
temperature, even where $P(q)$ is exponentially small. We find that a
probability distribution related to extreme order statistics gives an excellent
description of $P(q)$ over about 80 orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81431 </DOCNO>
Low-lying eigenmodes of the Wilson-Dirac operator and correlations with


  The probability density of low-lying eigenvectors of the hermitian
Wilson-Dirac operator is examined. Comparisons in position and size between
eigenvectors, topological charge and action density are made. We do this for
standard Monte-Carlo generated SU(3) background fields and for single instanton
background fields. Both hot and cooled SU(3) background fields are considered.
An instanton model is fitted to eigenmodes and topological charge density and
the sizes and positions of these are compared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83921 </DOCNO>
Analyzing Website Choice Using Clickstream Data


  This paper uses clickstream data from Plurimus Corp. (formerly Foveon Corp.)
to analyze user choice of Internet portals. It will show that commonly used
econometric models for examining grocery scanner data can be applied to
clickstream data on advertising-based online markets. Developing a framework to
study consumer choices of free websites is an essential step to better
understanding user behavior on the Internet. The main data for this study is a
clickstream data set consisting of every website visited by 2654 users from
December 27 1999 to March 31 2000. Using this data, I construct several
variables including search success, time spent searching, and whether a website
is an individual's starting page. I also have advertising and media mentions
data. This study helps to increase understanding of user behavior on the
Internet. It explores some key determinants of website choice and simulates
market responses to changes in the online environment. By better understanding
website choice, we can better evaluate the implications of policy decisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128946 </DOCNO>
Optical identifications of High Frequency Peakers


  We present CCD observations of 13 objects from a complete sample of 55 bright
High Frequency Peaker (HFP) radio sources, and provide optical identification
for 12 of them. Images in R and V filters have been used to derive some
additional information concerning the host of the radio source. Three hosts are
likely to be galaxies, one resulted slightly extended, while the remaining 8
are likely distant quasars. Based on these identifications and those available
in the literature, we find that the fraction of quasars in our HFP sample is
significantly higher than in samples of Compact Steep-Spectrum and GHz-Peaked
Spectrum radio sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126795 </DOCNO>
Chandra Detection of X-ray Absorption Associated with a Damped Lyman


  We have observed three quasars, PKS 1127-145, Q 1331+171 and Q0054+144, with
the ACIS-S aboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory, in order to measure soft X-ray
absorption associated with intervening 21-cm and damped Ly$\alpha$ absorbers.
For PKS 1127-145, we detect absorption which, if associated with an intervening
z_{abs}=0.312 absorber, implies a metallicity of 23% solar. If the absorption
is not at z_{abs}=0.312, then the metallicity is still constrained to be less
than 23% solar. The advantage of the X-ray measurement is that the derived
metallicity is insensitive to ionization, inclusion of an atom in a molecule,
or depletion onto grains. The X-ray absorption is mostly due to oxygen, and is
consistent with the oxygen abundance of 30% solar derived from optical nebular
emission lines in a foreground galaxy at the redshift of the absorber.
 For Q1331+171 and Q 0054+144, only upper limits were obtained, although the
exposure times were intentionally short, since for these two objects we were
interested primarily in measuring flux levels to plan for future observations.
The imaging results are presented in a companion paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86802 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Non Singular Black Hole Solutions in Tetrad Theory of Gravitation


  Starting from a spherically symmetric tetrad with three unknown functions of
the radial coordinate, a general solution of M{\o}ller's field equations in
case of spherical symmetry nonsingular black hole is derived. The previously
obtained solutions are verified as special cases of the general solution. The
general solution is characterized by an arbitrary function and two constants of
integration. The general solution gives no more than the spherically symmetric
nonsingular black hole solution. The energy content of the general solution
depends on the asymptotic behavior of the arbitrary function, and is different
from the standard one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96514 </DOCNO>
Sheaf Cohomology and Free Resolutions over Exterior Algebras


  In this paper we study the Bernstein-Gel'fand-Gel'fand (BGG) correspondence
linking sheaves on a projective space to graded modules over an exterior
algebra. We give an explicit construction of a Beilinson monad for a sheaf on
projective space. The explicitness allows us to to prove two conjectures about
the morphisms in the monad. We also construct all the monads for a sheaf that
can be built from sums of line bundles. A large subclass, containing many
monads introduced by others, are uniquely characterized by simple numerical
data. Our methods also yield an efficient method for machine computation of the
cohomology of sheaves.
  Along the way we study minimal free resolutions over an exterior algebra. For
example, we show that such resolutions are eventually dominated by their
"linear parts" in the sense that erasing all terms of degree $>1$ in the
complex yields a new complex which is eventually exact.
  This paper is a joint, extended version of papers previously written by
Eisenbud-Schreyer and by Fl{\o}ystad seperately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5318 </DOCNO>
The First Cobalt Single-Molecule Magnet


  The first cobalt molecule to function as a single-molecule magnet,
[Co4(hmp)4(MeOH)4Cl4], where hmp- is the anion of hydroxymethylpyridine, is
reported. The core of the molecule consists of four Co(II) cations and four
hmp- oxygen atoms ions at the corners of a cube. Variable-field and
variable-temperature magnetization data have been analyzed to establish that
the molecule has a S=6 ground state with considerable negative
magnetoanisotropy. Single-ion zero-field interactions (DSz2) at each cobalt ion
are the origin of the negative magnetoanisotropy. A single-crystal of the
compound was studied by means of a micro-SQUID magnetometer in the range of
0.040-1.0K. Hysteresis was found in the magnetization versus magnetic field
response of this single crystal. It is concluded that this is the first cobalt
molecule to function as a single-molecule magnet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129484 </DOCNO>
Young Pulsars from the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey and their


  The Parkes multibeam pulsar survey is covering a 10deg-wide strip of the
southern Galactic plane from l=260deg to l=50deg. It utilizes a 13-beam
receiver operating in the 20-cm band on the Parkes 64-m radio telescope and is
much more sensitive than any previous large-scale survey. Most of the 608
pulsars discovered so far are relatively distant and many are young, with 37
having a characteristic age of less than 10^5 years. At least one of these is
associated with a supernova remnant and four other probable associations are
suggested. Several multibeam pulsars have high values of the parameter Edot/d^2
and are within the position error contours of unidentified EGRET gamma-ray
sources. These possible associations will be tested with the advent of new
gamma-ray telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86291 </DOCNO>
All Universes Great and Small


  If the topology of the universe is compact we show how it significantly
changes our assessment of the naturalness of the observed structure of the
universe and the likelihood of its present state of high isotropy and near
flatness arising from generic initial conditions. We also identify the most
general cosmological models with compact space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98514 </DOCNO>
Detecting Elements and Lusternik--Schnirelmann Category of 3-Manifolds


  In this paper, we give a new simplified calculation of the
Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of closed 3-manifolds. We also describe when
3-manifolds have detecting elements and prove that 3-manifolds satisfy the
equality of the Ganea conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6024 </DOCNO>
Field induced d_x^2-y^2+id_xy state in d-density-wave metals


  We argue that the d_{xy} component of the order parameter can be generated to
form the d_x^2-y^2+id_xy-density wave state by the external magnetic field. The
driving force for this transition is the coupling of the magnetic field with
the orbital magnetism. The fully gapped particle spectrum and the magnetically
active collective mode of the condensate are discussed as a possible signature
of the d+id' density wave state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95418 </DOCNO>
On complete intersections


  We construct closed complex submanifolds of dimension three in C^5 which are
differential complete intersections but not holomorphic complete intersections.
We also prove a homotopy principle concerning the removal of intersections of
holomorphic mappings from Stein manifolds to complex Euclidean spaces C^d with
certain closed complex subvarities of C^d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96996 </DOCNO>
A duality method in prediction theory of multivariate stationary


  Let W be an integrable positive Hermitian q x q -matrix valued function on
the dual group of a discrete abelian group G such that W^{-1} is integrable.
Generalizing results of T. Nakazi and of A. G. Miamee and M. Pourahmadi for q=1
we establish a correspondence between trigonometric approximation problems in
L^2(W) and certain approximation problems in L^2(W^{-1}). The result is applied
to prediction problems for q-variate stationary processes over G, in
particular, to the case where G is the group of integers Z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169561 </DOCNO>
Conservative Quantum Computing


  Conservation laws limit the accuracy of physical implementations of
elementary quantum logic gates. If the computational basis is represented by a
component of spin and physical implementations obey the angular momentum
conservation law, any physically realizable quantum logic gates with size less
than n qubits cannot implement the controlled-NOT gate within the error
probability 1/(4n^2), where the size is defined as the total number of the
computational qubits and the ancilla qubits. An analogous relation holds for
bosonic ancillae with the size defined through the average number of photons.
Any set of universal gates inevitably obeys a related limitation with error
probability O(1/n^2). To circumvent the above or related limitations yielded by
conservation laws, it is recommended that the computational basis should be
chosen as the one commuting with the additively conserved quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97901 </DOCNO>
Symmetries of Integro-Differential Equations: A Survey of Methods


  Classical Lie group theory provides a universal tool for calculating symmetry
groups for systems of differential equations. However Lie's method is not as
much effective in the case of integral or integro-differential equations as
well as in the case of infinite systems of differential equations. This paper
is aimed to survey the modern approaches to symmetries of integro-differential
equations. As an illustration, an infinite symmetry Lie algebra is calculated
for a system of integro-differential equations, namely the well-known Benny
equations. The crucial idea is to look for symmetry generators in the form of
canonical Lie-Backlund operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126380 </DOCNO>
A photometric and spectroscopic study of dwarf and giant galaxies in the


  (abr.) We present the analysis of the spectroscopic catalog of galaxies in
the Coma cluster from Mobasher et al. This catalog comprises ~300 spectra of
cluster members with magnitudes M_B=-20.5 to -14 in two areas of ~1 X 1.5 Mpc
towards the center and the SW region of the cluster. In this paper the analysis
is restricted to the 257 galaxies with no emission lines in their spectra. The
strength of the age-sensitive indices is found to correlate with galaxy
magnitude over the whole magnitude range. Similarly, the metallicity-sensitive
indices anticorrelate with magnitude. By comparing the observed indices with
model grids based on the Padova isochrones, we derive luminosity-weighted ages
and metallicities. We present the distributions of ages and metallicities for
galaxies in various magnitude bins. The mean metallicity decreases with galaxy
magnitude and, at a given luminosity, appears to be generally lower for
galaxies in the SW region of Coma as compared to the center of the cluster. A
broad range of ages, from younger than 3 Gyr to older than 9 Gyr, is found in
galaxies of any magnitude. However, systematic trends of age with luminosity
are present among galaxies in the central field. In the central Mpc of Coma, a
large fraction of galaxies at any luminosity (50-60% of the giants, >30 % of
the dwarfs) show no evidence in their central regions of star formation
occurred at redshift z<2, while the proportion of galaxies with significant
star formation occurring at intermediate (0.35<z<2) and low (z<0.35) redshifts
is found to depend on galaxy luminosity. Faint galaxies with young
luminosity-weighted ages appear to have a bimodal metallicity distribution
that, if confirmed, would point to a composite formation scenario. Finally, we
present an interpretation of the index-magnitude relations observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126253 </DOCNO>
Multi-frequency VLBA Observations of the Compact Double B2 2050+36:


  We present multi-frequency observations with the Very Long Baseline Array of
the compact double radio source B2 2050+36. Our observations are at 0.33, 0.61,
1.67, 2.3, and 8.4 GHz, with the 0.61 GHz observations forming the third epoch
of observation of this source at that frequency. At 0.61 GHz, the structure of
B2 2050+36 is dominated by two components 56 mas apart. Within the
uncertainties of the various measurements, this separation has remained
unchanged for the past 16 years. Any differential image wander caused by
refractive interstellar scattering is less than 4 mas. Both the lack of
differential image wander and the frequency dependence of the angular diameter
of B2 2050+36 below 1 GHz indicate that the electron density power spectrum
along this line of sight has a spectral index near the Kolmogorov value, with a
value of 4 being highly unlikely. We conclude that diffractive scattering
dominates along this line of sight; results in the literature indicate that
this conclusion also holds true for the line of sight to the pulsar PSR
B2020+28 (8.7 deg. from B2 2050+36). Comparison of our 1.67 GHz observations
with those obtained 21 years previously place a limit on the projected linear
separation velocity of the two components of c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124131 </DOCNO>
Reconsidering the Identification of M101 Hypernova Remnant Candidates


  Using a deep Chandra AO-1 observation of the face-on spiral galaxy M101, we
examine three of five previously optically-identified X-ray sources which are
spatially correlated with optical supernova remnants (MF54, MF57, and MF83).
The X-ray fluxes from these objects, if due to diffuse emission from the
remnants, are bright enough to require a new class of objects, with the
possible attribution by Wang to diffuse emission from hypernova remnants. Of
the three, MF83 was considered the most likely candidate for such an object due
to its size, nature, and close positional coincidence. However, we find that
MF83 is clearly ruled out as a hypernova remnant by both its temporal
variability and spectrum. The bright X-ray sources previously associated with
MF54 and MF57 are seen by Chandra to be clearly offset from the optical
positions of the supernova remnants by several arc seconds, confirming a result
suggested by the previous work. MF54 does have a faint X-ray counterpart,
however, with a luminosity and temperature consistent with a normal supernova
remnant of its size. The most likely classifications of the sources are as
X-ray binaries. Although counting statistics are limited, over the 0.3--5.0 keV
spectral band the data are well fit by simple absorbed power laws with
luminosities in the 10^38 to 10^39 ergs/s range. The power law indices are
softer than those of Milky Way LMXB of similar luminosities, and are more
consistent with those of the Large Magellanic Cloud. Both the high luminosity
and the soft spectral shape favor these being accreting black hole binaries in
high soft states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2052 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian spin-singlet quantum Hall states: wave functions and


  We investigate a class of non-Abelian spin-singlet (NASS) quantum Hall
phases, proposed previously. The trial ground and quasihole excited states are
exact eigenstates of certain k+1-body interaction Hamiltonians. The k=1 cases
are the familiar Halperin Abelian spin-singlet states. We present closed-form
expressions for the many-body wave functions of the ground states, which for
k>1 were previously defined only in terms of correlators in specific conformal
field theories. The states contain clusters of k electrons, each cluster having
either all spins up, or all spins down. The ground states are non-degenerate,
while the quasihole excitations over these states show characteristic
degeneracies, which give rise to non-Abelian braid statistics. Using conformal
field theory methods, we derive counting rules that determine the degeneracies
in a spherical geometry. The results are checked against explicit numerical
diagonalization studies for small numbers of particles on the sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113479 </DOCNO>
Codon Distributions in DNA


  The codons, sixtyfour in number, are distributed over the coding parts of DNA
sequences. The distribution function is the plot of frequency-versus-rank of
the codons. These distributions are characterised by parameters that are almost
universal, i.e., gene independent. There is but a small part that depends on
the gene. We present the theory to calculate the universal (gene-independent)
part. The part that is gene-specific, however, has undetermined overlaps and
fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149841 </DOCNO>
D-branes in Melvin Background


  In this paper we discuss D-branes in the Melvin background and its
supersymmetric generalizations. In particular we determine the D-brane spectra
in these backgrounds by constructing their boundary states explicitly, where
some of the D-branes are supersymmetric. The results sensitively depend on
whether the value of magnetic flux in the Melvin background is rational or
irrational. For the rational case the D-branes are regarded as the
generalizations of fractional D-branes in abelian orbifolds ${\bf C^n/Z_N}$ of
type II or type 0 string theory. For the irrational case we found a very
limited spectrum. Since the background includes the nontrivial H-flux, the
D-branes will provide interesting examples from the viewpoint of the
noncommutative geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124719 </DOCNO>
Nature of widely separated ultraluminous infrared galaxies


  In the complete sample of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) compiled
by Kim (1995) about 5% consists of widely separated galaxies which are
presumably in the early phase of interaction. This fact is contrary to the
conventional view that ULIRGs are in the final stages of the merger of two
gas-rich disk galaxies. We have undertaken high resolution CO(J=1-0)
observations for the ultraluminous infrared galaxies that have nuclear
separations larger than 20 kpc. We have detected the CO emission in 5 out of 6
systems, but only in one component of the ULIRG pairs. 4 of them have LINER
spectral type and 1 galaxy has Seyfert II spectral type. In K'-band images
these components are also brighter than the other components which have either
HII-region spectra or no detectable emission lines. Using the standard
conversion factor, the molecular gas content is estimated to be a few times 10
$^{10}$ M$_\odot$, similar to that of the other ultraluminous galaxies. The
result indicates that the galaxy containing the molecular gas is also the
source of most, if not all, of the huge far-infrared luminosity of the system.
The optical and K'-band imaging observations and optical spectra suggest
multiple merger scenario for 1 system. If the remaining systems are in an early
stage of a binary tidal interaction, the commonly accepted interpretation of
the ULIRG phenomenon as the final merger stage of two disk galaxies may need to
be re-examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2890 </DOCNO>
Orbital Correlations in Doped Manganites


  We review our recent x-ray scattering studies of charge and orbital order in
doped manganites, with specific emphasis on the role of orbital correlations in
Pr_1-xCa_xMnO_3. For x=0.25, we find an orbital structure indistinguishable
from the undoped structure with long range orbital order at low temperatures.
For dopings 0.3<x<0.5, we find scattering consistent with a charge and
orbitally ordered CE-type structure. While in each case the charge order peaks
are resolution limited, the orbital order exhibits only short range
correlations. We report the doping dependence of the correlation length and
discuss the connection between the orbital correlations and the finite magnetic
correlation length observed on the Mn^3+ sublattice with neutron scattering
techniques. The physical origin of these domains, which appear to be isotropic,
remains unclear. We find that weak orbital correlations persist well above the
phase transitions, with a correlation length of 1-2 lattice constants at high
temperatures. Significantly, we observe similar correlations at high
temperatures in La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO_3, which does not have an orbitally ordered
ground state, and we conclude that such correlations are robust to variations
in the relative strength of the electron-phonon coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149152 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of Boundary Fermions and World-Volume Potentials on


  We consider a sigma model formulation of open string theory with boundary
fermions carrying Chan-Paton charges at the string ends. This formalism is
particularly suitable for studying world-volume potentials on D-branes. We
perform explicit two-loop sigma model computations of the potential T-dual to
the non-abelian Born-Infeld action. We also discuss the world-volume couplings
of NS fluxes which are responsible for Myers' dielectric effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149568 </DOCNO>
The 1-soliton in the SO(3) gauged Skyrme model with mass term


  The solitons of the SO(3) gauged Skyrme model with no pion-mass potential
were studied in Refs. {nl,jmp}. Here, the effects of the inclusion of this
potential are studied. In contrast with the (ungauged) Skyrme model, where the
effect of this potential on the solitons is marginal, here it turns out to be
decisive, resulting in very different dependence of the energy as a function of
the Skyrme coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83888 </DOCNO>
The Influence of Policy Regimes on the Development and Social


  As privacy issues have gained social salience, entrepreneurs have begun to
offer privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) and the U.S. has begun to enact
privacy legislation.
   But "privacy" is an ambiguous notion. In the liberal tradition, it is an
individualistic value protecting citizens from intrusion into a realm of
autonomy. A feminist critique suggests that the social utility of privacy is to
exclude certain issues from the public realm. Sociologists suggest that privacy
is about identity management, while political economists suggest that the most
salient privacy issue is the use of personal information to normalize and
rationalize populations according to the needs of capital.
   While PETs have been developed for use by individual consumers, recently
developers are focusing on the business to business market, where demand is
stoked by the existence of new privacy regulations. These new laws tend to
operationalize privacy in terms of "personally identifiable information." The
new generation of PETs reflect and reify that definition. This, in turn, has
implications for the everyday understandings of privacy and the constitution of
identity and social life.
   In particular, this socio-technical practice may strengthen the ability of
data holders to rationalize populations and create self-serving social
categories. At the same time, they may permit individuals to negotiate these
categories outside of panoptic vision. They may also encourage public
discussion and awareness of these created social categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1098 </DOCNO>
Comment on " Spectroscopic structure of two interacting electrons in a


  The shifted 1/N expansion technique (SLNT), used by El-Said (Phys. Rev. B 61,
13026 (2000)), to study the relative Hamiltonian of two interacting electrons
confined in a quantum dot, is investigated. It turned out that El-Said's
results from SLNT are unreliable and they are revised in this comment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72716 </DOCNO>
$\mu \to e \gamma$ from Supersymmetry without R parity


  Starting from the new sources of $LL$- and $LR$- scalar (slepton) mixings due
to R-parity violation, we discuss the structure of lepton-flavor violation
focusing on the radiative decay of muon into electron. Using an optimal
parametrization, we give the general formulae for the one-loop contributions.
from which we discuss all combinations of R-parity violating parameters having
possibly a substantial contribution to the $\mu \to e \gamma$ decay width. An
exact numerical study is performed to obtain explicit bounds on the parameters
under the present experimental limit. The most interesting one involves a
combination of bilinear and trilinear couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95669 </DOCNO>
Universal abelian covers of quotient-cusps


  The quotient-cusp singularities are isolated complex surface singularities
that are double-covered by cusp singularities. We show that the universal
abelian cover of such a singularity, branched only at the singular point, is a
complete intersection cusp singularity of embedding dimension 4. This supports
a general conjecture that we make about the universal abelian cover of a
$\Q$-Gorenstein singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123595 </DOCNO>
Population gradients in nearby dwarf galaxies


  Recent results on the detection of substructure in dwarf spheroidal galaxies
are discussed. In most cases they show that, when a galaxy experiences multiple
SF episodes, the intermediate age population is more centrally concentrated
than the old population, and that the recent SF is even more concentrated
towards the central regions. Moreover, it appears that the spatial distribution
of stars becomes more and more irregular as younger and younger subpopulations
are considered. We illustrate how wide-area observations, allowing a
substantial coverage of dwarf spheroidals (in particular the satellites of the
Milky Way), has provided evidence for cosmologically old populations in every
dSph galaxy. All these results are placed in the broader scenario of population
gradients in nearby dwarf galaxies of different morphological types.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40934 </DOCNO>
Determination of the high-twist contribution to the structure function


  We extract the high-twist contribution to the neutrino-nucleon structure
function $xF_3^{(\nu+\bar{\nu})N}$ from the analysis of the data collected by
the IHEP-JINR Neutrino Detector in the runs with the focused neutrino beams at
the IHEP 70 GeV proton synchrotron. The analysis is performed within the
infrared renormalon (IRR) model of high twists in order to extract the
normalization parameter of the model. From the NLO QCD fit to our data we
obtained the value of the IRR model normalization parameter
$\Lambda^2_{3}=0.69\pm0.37~({\rm exp})\pm0.16~({\rm theor})~{\rm GeV}^2$. We
also obtained $\Lambda^2_{3}=0.36\pm0.22~({\rm exp})\pm0.12~({\rm theor})~{\rm
GeV}^2$ from a similar fit to the CCFR data. The average of both results is
$\Lambda^2_{3}=0.44\pm0.19~({\rm exp})~{\rm GeV}^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96662 </DOCNO>
Supernormal Vector Configurations


  A configuration of lattice vectors is supernormal if it contains a Hilbert
basis for every cone spanned by a subset. We study such configurations from
various perspectives, including triangulations, integer programming and
Groebner bases. Our main result is a bijection between virtual chambers of the
configuration and virtual initial ideals of the associated binomial ideal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5367 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism and Transport in the Double-Exchange Model, with and


  An introduction is given to the many-body coherent potential approximation
(CPA) for the double-exchange (DE) model and the Holstein-DE model, the latter
including coupling of the electrons to local phonons as well as to local spins.
It is shown how the method can treat the local spins and phonons
quantum-mechanically and how it is equivalent to dynamical mean field theory in
the classical limit. In the Holstein-DE model a full discussion is given of the
cross-over from weak electron-phonon coupling through intermediate coupling,
where small-polaron bands begin to appear, to strong coupling where some
results similar to those of standard small-polaron theory are recovered. The
theory is applied to ferromagnetic manganites with a full discussion of
magnetic, transport and spectroscopic data. It is found that many manganites
are in the critical regime on the verge of small-polaron formation, which
explains their sensitivity to parameters such as applied magnetic field and
pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73217 </DOCNO>
Axionic Domain Wall and Warped Geometry


  We discuss how a three-brane with an associated non-factorizable (warped)
geometry can emerge from a five dimensional theory of gravity coupled to a
complex scalar field. The system possesses a discrete $Z_2$ symmetry, whose
spontaneous breaking yields an 'axionic' three-brane and a warped metric.
Analytic solutions for the wall profile and warp factor are presented. The
Kaluza-Klein decomposition and some related issues are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113471 </DOCNO>
On the beams of wavy metric tensors


  If we move at the same speed of a spatially limited train of an undulating
metric tensor, a famous Serini's theorem will assure us that this train
represents actually a flat spacetime region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 953 </DOCNO>
Impact of Electron-Electron Cusp on Configuration Interaction Energies


  The effect of the electron-electron cusp on the convergence of configuration
interaction (CI) wave functions is examined. By analogy with the
pseudopotential approach for electron-ion interactions, an effective
electron-electron interaction is developed which closely reproduces the
scattering of the Coulomb interaction but is smooth and finite at zero
electron-electron separation. The exact many-electron wave function for this
smooth effective interaction has no cusp at zero electron-electron separation.
We perform CI and quantum Monte Carlo calculations for He and Be atoms, both
with the Coulomb electron-electron interaction and with the smooth effective
electron-electron interaction. We find that convergence of the CI expansion of
the wave function for the smooth electron-electron interaction is not
significantly improved compared with that for the divergent Coulomb interaction
for energy differences on the order of 1 mHartree. This shows that, contrary to
popular belief, description of the electron-electron cusp is not a limiting
factor, to within chemical accuracy, for CI calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97237 </DOCNO>
Proper actions on imprimitivity bimodules and decompositions of Morita


  We consider a class of proper actions of locally compact groups on
imprimitivity bimodules over C*-algebras which behave like the proper actions
on C*-algebras introduced by Rieffel in 1988. We prove that every such action
gives rise to a Morita equivalence between a crossed product and a generalized
fixed-point algebra, and in doing so make several innovations which improve the
applicability of Rieffel's theory. We then show how our construction can be
used to obtain canonical tensor-product decompositions of important Morita
equivalences. Our results show, for example, that the different proofs of the
symmetric imprimitivity theorem for actions on induced algebras yield
isomorphic equivalences. A similar analysis of the symmetric imprimitivity
theorem for graph algebras gives new information about the amenability of
actions on graph algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149977 </DOCNO>
The Heisenberg Matrix Formulation of Quantum Field Theory


  Heisenberg's matrix formulation of quantum mechanics can be generalized to
relativistic systems by evolving in light-front time tau = t+z/c. The spectrum
and wavefunctions of bound states, such as hadrons in quantum chromodynamics,
can be obtained from matrix diagonalization of the light-front Hamiltonian on a
finite dimensional light-front Fock basis defined using periodic boundary
conditions in the light-front space coordinates. This method, discretized
light-cone quantization (DLCQ), preserves the frame-independence of the front
form even at finite resolution and particle number. Light-front quantization
can also be used in the Hamiltonian form to construct an event generator for
high energy physics reactions at the amplitude level. The light-front partition
function, summed over exponentially-weighted light-front energies, has simple
boost properties which may be useful for studies in heavy ion collisions. I
also review recent work which shows that the structure functions measured in
deep inelastic lepton scattering are affected by final-state rescattering, thus
modifying their connection to light-front probability distributions. In
particular, the shadowing of nuclear structure functions is due to destructive
interference effects from leading-twist diffraction of the virtual photon,
physics not included in the nuclear light-front wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128472 </DOCNO>
Probing the Physics of AGN: A Summary


  A summary critique is presented of the topics discussed at a workshop
entitled ``Probing the Physics of Active Galactic Nuclei by Multi-wavelength
Monitoring'' held at Goddard Space Flight Center 21-23 June 2000. Particular
emphasis is placed on the larger astronomical context of research on active
galactic nuclei. An important goal is to use multi-wavelength monitoring to
produce ``engineering drawings'' of how gas flows in the vicinity of a black
hole, as well is in the associated accretion disk inflows and jet outflows.
Some of the clear choices that have to be made before formulating a model of a
particular class of source are outlined. Future observational possibilities are
briefly summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7323 </DOCNO>
Dephasing via stochastic absorption: A case study in Aharonov-Bohm


  The Aharonov-Bohm ring has been the mainstay of mesoscopic physics research
since its inception. In this paper we have dwelt on the problem of dephasing of
AB oscillations using a phenomenological model based on stochastic absorption.
To calculate the conductance in the presence of inelastic scattering we have
used the method due to Brouwer and Beenakker. We have shown that conductance is
symmetric under flux reversal and visibility of AB oscillations decay to zero
as a function of the incoherence parameter thus signalling dephasing in the
system. Some comments are made on the relative merits of stochastic absorption
with respect to optical potential model, which have been used to mimic
dephasing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83760 </DOCNO>
Propositional satisfiability in answer-set programming


  We show that propositional logic and its extensions can support answer-set
programming in the same way stable logic programming and disjunctive logic
programming do. To this end, we introduce a logic based on the logic of
propositional schemata and on a version of the Closed World Assumption. We call
it the extended logic of propositional schemata with CWA (PS+, in symbols). An
important feature of this logic is that it supports explicit modeling of
constraints on cardinalities of sets. In the paper, we characterize the class
of problems that can be solved by finite PS+ theories. We implement a
programming system based on the logic PS+ and design and implement a solver for
processing theories in PS+. We present encouraging performance results for our
approach --- we show it to be competitive with smodels, a state-of-the-art
answer-set programming system based on stable logic programming.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123889 </DOCNO>
Distances and Metallicities of High- and Intermediate-Velocity Clouds


  A table is presented that summarizes published absorption line measurements
for the high- and intermediate velocity clouds (HVCs and IVCs). New values are
derived for N(HI) in the direction of observed probes, in order to arrive at
reliable abundances and abundance limits (the HI data are described in Paper
II). Distances to stellar probes are revisited and calculated consistently, in
order to derive distance brackets or limits for many of the clouds, taking care
to properly interpret non-detections. The main conclusions are the following.
1) Absolute abundances have been measured using lines of SII, NI and OI, with
the following resulting values: ~0.1 solar for one HVC (complex C), ~0.3 solar
for the Magellanic Stream, ~0.5 solar for a southern IVC, and ~ solar for two
northern IVCs (the IV Arch and LLIV Arch). Finally, approximate values in the
range 0.5-2 solar are found for three more IVCs. 2) Depletion patterns in IVCs
are like those in warm disk or halo gas. 3) Most distance limits are based on
strong UV lines of CII, SiII and MgII, a few on CaII. Distance limits for major
HVCs are >5 kpc, while distance brackets for several IVCs are in the range
0.5-2 kpc. 4) Mass limits for major IVCs are 0.5-8x10^5 M_sun, but for major
HVCs they are >10^6 M_sun. 5) The CaII/HI ratio varies by up to a factor 2-5
within a single cloud, somewhat more between clouds. 6) The NaIHI ratio varies
by a factor >10 within a cloud, and even more between clouds. Thus, CaII can be
useful for determining both lower and upper distance limits, but NaI only
yields upper limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149266 </DOCNO>
Matrix description of D-branes on 3-spheres


  We discuss a matrix model for D0-branes on S^3 \times M^7 based on quantum
group symmetries. For finite radius of S^3 (i.e. for finite k), it gives
results beyond the reach of the ordinary matrix model. For large k all known
static properties of branes on S^3 are reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7196 </DOCNO>
To a theory of proximity effect in superconductor/ferromagnet


  A microscopic theory of proximity effect is presented for the F/S/F
nanostructures where S is low-T_c superconductor and F's are layers of 3d
transition ferromagnetic metal. A theory is based on the solution of Gor'kov
equations for the normal and anomalous Green's functions together with a
self-consistent evaluation of the superconducting order parameter. We assume
that the main mechanism of electron scattering in the S layer is s-s scattering
meanwhile for the F layers the scattering is of the s-d type. In accordance
with the previous theories of proximity effect for S/F multilayers we found
that due to exchange field in the ferromagnet the anomalous Green's function
F(z) exhibits a damping oscillatory behavior in the F-layer as a function of a
distance z from the S/F interface. In the presented model a half of the period
of oscillations is determined by the length \xi_m^0 = \pi v_F/E_ex, where v_F
is a Fermi velocity, E_ex is an exchange field, and a scale of damping is set
by the length l_0 = (1/l_{up} + 1/l_{down})^{-1}, where l_{up} and l_{down} are
spin-dependent mean free paths in the ferromagnet. The superconducting
transition temperature T_c(d_F) also exhibits the damping oscillatory behavior
as a function of the F-layer thickness d_F with a period \xi_F = \pi/\sqrt{m
E_ex}, where m is an electron mass. The strong electron scattering either in
the superconductor or in the ferromagnet significantly suppresses the
oscillations. The comparison of calculated T_c(d_F) dependence with
experimental data is given for Fe/Nb/Fe trilayers and Nb/Co multilayers. We
also found that significant difference (~0.9K) between critical temperatures
for parallel and antiparallel configuration of magnetizations in F layers can
be achieved for the case of weak scattering in both metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149637 </DOCNO>
Superstars and Giant Gravitons


  We examine a family of BPS solutions of ten-dimensional type IIb
supergravity. These solutions asymptotically approach AdS_5 X S^5 and carry
internal `angular' momentum on the five-sphere. While a naked singularity
appears at the center of the anti-de Sitter space, we show that it has a
natural physical interpretation in terms of a collection of giant gravitons. We
calculate the distribution of giant gravitons from the dipole field induced in
the Ramond-Ramond five-form, and show that these sources account for the entire
internal momentum carried by the BPS solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74229 </DOCNO>
Preliminaries on a Lattice Analysis of The Pion Light-cone Wave


  We present the first attempt of a new method to compute the pion light-cone
wave function (LCWF) on the lattice. We compute the matrix element between the
pion and the vacuum of a non-local operator: the propagator of a ``scalar
quark'' (named for short "squark"). A theoretical analysis shows that for some
kinematical conditions (energetic pion and hard squark) this matrix element
depends dominantly on the LCWF $\Phi_\pi(u), u\in [0,1]$. On the lattice, the
discretization of the parton momenta imposes further constraints on the pion
momentum. The two-point Green functions made of squark-quark and squark-squark
fields show hadron-like bound-state behaviour and verify the standard energy
spectrum. We show some indications that during a short time, after being
created, the system of the spectator quark and the squark behave like partons,
before they form a hadron-like bound state. This short time is the place where
the partonic wave function has to be looked for.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114531 </DOCNO>
Long-lived filaments in fusion plasmas: review of observations and


  A brief review is given of the progress in studying the long-lived filaments
(LLFs) in fusion plasmas (tokamaks, Z-pinch, plasma focus). The paper reports
on (i) resolving the fine structure of LLFs, and (ii) verification of our
hypothesis (1998) which suggested the LLFs to possess a microsolid skeleton.
The recent proof-of-concept studies showed the presence of tubular and
cartwheel-like structures in (i) various dust deposits in tokamak T-10, in the
range 10 nm - 10 mcm, and (ii) visible light images of plasma, in the range 100
mcm - 10 cm, at initial stage of discharge (e.g., before appearance of
discharge electric current) in tokamak, plasma focus and vacuum spark. The
topological similarity of the above structures (especially, "cartwheels") and
the observed trend of assembling bigger tubules from smaller ones (i.e. the
self-similarity) allow to draw a bridge between the microdust skeletons in the
dust deposits and the centimeter scale LLFs in fusion plasmas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86294 </DOCNO>
Classical Correspondence of Unruh Effect


  Derived from semi-classical quantum field theory in curved spacetime, Unruh
effect was known as a quantum effect. We find that there does exist a classical
correspondence of this effect in electrodynamics. The thermal nature of the
vacuum in correlation function for the uniformly accelerated detector is coming
from the non-linear relationship between the proper time and the propagating
length of the electromagnetic wave. Both the Coulomb field of the detector
itself and the radiation supporting the detector's uniformly accelerating
motion contribute to the non-vanishing vacuum energy. From this observation we
conclude that Unruh temperature experienced by a uniformly accelerated
classical electron has no additional effects to Born's solution for laboratory
observers far away from the classical electron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126249 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The population of nearby radio galaxies


  We use redshift determinations and spectral analysis of galaxies in the 2dF
Galaxy Redshift Survey to study the properties of local radio sources with
$S\ge 1$ mJy. 557 objects drawn from the FIRST survey, corresponding to 2.3 per
cent of the total radio sample, are found in the 2dFGRS cataloge within the
area $9^h 48^m \simlt {\rm RA}({\rm 2000}) \simlt 14^h 32^m$ and $-2.77^\circ
\simlt {\rm dec}({\rm 2000}) \simlt 2.25^\circ$, down to a magnitude limit
$b_J= 19.45$. The excellent quality of 2dF spectra allows us to divide these
sources into classes, according to their optical spectra. Radio galaxies (i.e.
absorption systems, mainly belonging to the class of FR I sources, whose
spectra may or may not show emission lines due to AGN activity) make up 63 per
cent of the spectroscopic sample; they are characterized by relatively high
radio-to-optical ratios, red colours and luminosities $10^{21}\simlt P_{1.4{\rm
GHz}} W Hz^${-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ \simlt 10^{24}$. Actively star-forming galaxies
instead contribute with 30 per cent to the total sample. These objects --
principally found at low redshifts ($z \simlt 0.1$) -- in general show low
radio-to-optical ratios, blue colours and low radio luminosities. We also found
18 Seyfert 2 galaxies and 4 Seyfert 1's. Analysis of the local radio luminosity
function shows that radio galaxies are well described by models that assume
pure luminosity evolution, at least down to radio powers $P_{1.4{\rm
GHz}}\simlt 10^{20.5} W Hz$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ Late-type galaxies, whose relative
contribution to the RLF is found to be lower than was predicted by previous
work, present a luminosity function which is compatible with the IRAS galaxy
LF, and therefore plausibly constitute the radio counterpart of the dusty
spirals and starbursts that dominate the counts at 60 $\mu$m.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99160 </DOCNO>
Hilbert C*-modules are JB*-triples


  We show that every Hilbert C*-module E is a JB*-triple in a canonical way and
establish an explicit expression for the holomorphic automorphisms of the unit
ball of E.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124878 </DOCNO>
Ball Lightning: Manifestation of Cosmic Little Black Holes


  A case is made that in encounters with the earth's atmosphere, astrophysical
little black holes (LBH) can manifest themselves as the core energy source of
balllightning (BL). Relating the LBH incidence rate on earth to BL occurrence
has the potential of shedding light on the distribution of LBH in the universe,
and their velocities relative to the earth. Most BL features can be explained
by a testable LBH model. Analyses are presented to support this model. LBH
produce complex and many-faceted interactions in air directly and via their
exhaust, resulting in excitation, ionization, and radiation due to processes
such as gravitational and electrostatic tidal force, bremsstrahlung, pair
production and annihilation, orbital electron near-capture by interaction with
a charged LBH. Gravitational interaction of atmospheric atoms with LBH can
result in an enhanced cross-section for polarization and ionization. An
estimate for the power radiated by BL ~ Watts is in agreement with observation.
An upper limit is found for the largest masses that can produce ionization and
polarization excitation. It is shown that the LBH high power exhaust radiation
is not prominent and its effects are consistent with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4310 </DOCNO>
Martensitic accommodation strain and the metal-insulator transition in


  In this paper, we report polarized optical microscopy and electrical
transport studies of manganese oxides that reveal that the charge ordering
transition in these compounds exhibits typical signatures of a martensitic
transformation. We demonstrate that specific electronic properties of
charge-ordered manganites stem from a combination of martensitic accommodation
strain and effects of strong electron correlations. This intrinsic strain is
strongly affected by the grain boundaries in ceramic samples. Consistently, our
studies show a remarkable enhancement of low field magnetoresistance and the
grain size effect on the resistivity in polycrystalline samples and suggest
that the transport properties of this class of manganites are governed by the
charge-disordered insulating phase stabilized at low temperature by virtue of
martensitic accommodation strain. High sensitivity of this phase to strains and
magnetic field leads to a variety of striking phenomena, such as unusually high
magnetoresistance (10^10 %) in low magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96415 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Four-vector Fields on Quaternionic Flag Manifolds


  The purpose of this paper is to describe certain natural 4-vector fields on
quaternionic flag manifolds, which geometrically determine the Bruhat cell
decomposition. This structure naturally descends from the symplectic group,
where it is related to the dressing action given by the Iwasawa decomposition
of the general linear group over the quaternions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73096 </DOCNO>
Transverse Energy and Minijets in High Energy Collisions


  Minijet production and transverse energy are important not only to understand
hadronic collisions, but also for the interpretation of nucleus collisions at
RHIC and LHC, where it determines the ``initial conditions'' for the flow in a
hadronic soup or a plasma. For high collision energies and small qT (minijets)
we enter the BFKL region. This implies that we must take into account off-shell
parton cross sections and non-integrated structure functions
(kT-factorization). It is also essential to avoid double counting, as one
emitted parton is a participant in two different subcollisions. The LDC model,
developed in Lund to describe DIS, provides a very convenient formalism to
handle these problems. The result is a dynamical suppression of minijets for
small qT. The resulting transverse energy flow is similar to the result from a
''naive'' calculation based on integrated structure functions with a qT cut-off
around 2 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1362 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity Driven by the Interband Coulomb Interaction and


  Superconducting mechanism mediated by interband exchange Coulomb repulsion is
examined in an extended two-band Hubbard models with a wide band crossing the
Fermi level and coexisting with a narrower band located at moderately lower
energy. We apply newly developed path-integral renormalization group method to
reliably calculate pairing correlations. The correlation shows marked
enhancement at moderate amplitudes of the exchange Coulomb repulsion taken
smaller than the on-site repulsion for the narrower band. The pairing symmetry
is s-wave while it has unconventional phases with the opposite sign between the
order parameters on the two bands, in agreement with the mean-field prediction.
Since the band structure of recently discovered superconductor MgB$_2$ shares
basic similarities with our model, we propose that the present results provide
a relevant clue for the understanding of the superconducting mechanism in
MgB$_2$ as well as in this class of multi-band materials with good metallic
conduction in the normal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149946 </DOCNO>
Quantum correlations, measurement and the origin of uncertainty


  I argue that the correlations that are predicted by Quantum Field Theory
should not be interpreted as a real sign of non locality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168128 </DOCNO>
From Classical to Quantum Mechanics: "How to translate physical ideas


  In this paper, we investigate the connection between Classical and Quantum
Mechanics by dividing Quantum Theory in two parts: - General Quantum Axiomatics
(a system is described by a state in a Hilbert space, observables are
self-adjoint operators and so on) - Quantum Mechanics properly that specifies
the Hilbert space, the Heisenberg rule, the free Hamiltonian... We show that
General Quantum Axiomatics (up to a supplementary "axiom of classicity") can be
used as a non-standard mathematical ground to formulate all the ideas and
equations of ordinary Classical Statistical Mechanics. So the question of a
"true quantization" with "h" must be seen as an independent problem not
directly related with quantum formalism. Moreover, this non-standard
formulation of Classical Mechanics exhibits a new kind of operation with no
classical counterpart: this operation is related to the "quantization process",
and we show why quantization physically depends on group theory (Galileo
group). This analytical procedure of quantization replaces the "correspondence
principle" (or canonical quantization) and allows to map Classical Mechanics
into Quantum Mechanics, giving all operators of Quantum Mechanics and
Schrodinger equation. Moreover spins for particles are naturally generated,
including an approximation of their interaction with magnetic fields. We find
also that this approach gives a natural semi-classical formalism: some exact
quantum results are obtained only using classical-like formula. So this
procedure has the nice property of enlightening in a more comprehensible way
both logical and analytical connection between classical and quantum pictures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113371 </DOCNO>
Remarks on unsolved basic problems of the Navier-Stokes equations


  There is renewed interest in the question of whether the Navier-Stokes
equations (NSE), one of the fundamental models of classical physics and widely
used in engineering applications, are actually self-consistent. After recalling
the essential physical assumptions inherent in the NSE, the notion of weak
solutions, possible implications for the energy conservation law, as well as
existence and uniqueness in the incompressible case are discussed. Emphasis
will be placed on the possibility of finite time singularities and their
consequences for length scales which should be consistent with the continuum
hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123470 </DOCNO>
On Local Approximations to the Nonlinear Evolution of Large-Scale


  We present a comparative analysis of several methods, known as local
Lagrangian approximations, which are aimed to the description of the nonlinear
evolution of large-scale structure. We have investigated various aspects of
these approximations, such as the evolution of a homogeneous ellipsoid,
collapse time as a function of initial conditions, and asymptotic behavior. As
one of the common features of the local approximations, we found that the
calculated collapse time decreases asymptotically with the inverse of the
initial shear. Using these approximations, we have computed the cosmological
mass function, finding reasonable agreement with N-body simulations and the
Press-Schechter formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96426 </DOCNO>
Gluing of abelian categories and differential operators on the basic


  The notion of gluing of abelian categories was introduced by Kazhdan and
Laumon in an attempt of another geometric construction of representations of
finite Chevalley groups; the approach was later developed by Polishchuk and
Braverman. We observe that this notion of gluing is a particular case of a
general categorical construction (used also by Kontsevich and Rosenberg to
define "noncommutative schemes"). We prove a conjecture of Kazhdan which says
that the D-module counterpart of the Kazhdan-Laumon gluing construction
produces a category equivalent to modules over the ring $\mathcal D$ of global
differential operators on the basic affine space. As an application we show
that $\mathcal D$ is Noetherian, and has finite injective dimension as a module
over itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98277 </DOCNO>
Holistically discretise the Swift-Hohenberg equation on a scale larger


  I introduce an innovative methodology for deriving numerical models of
systems of partial differential equations which exhibit the evolution of
spatial patterns. The new approach directly produces a discretisation for the
evolution of the pattern amplitude, has the rigorous support of centre manifold
theory at finite grid size $h$, and naturally incorporates physical boundaries.
The results presented here for the Swift-Hohenberg equation suggest the
approach will form a powerful method in computationally exploring pattern
selection in general. With the aid of computer algebra, the techniques may be
applied to a wide variety of equations to derive numerical models that
accurately and stably capture the dynamics including the influence of possibly
forced boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149478 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory in Ten-Dimensions with


  We present an action for noncommutative supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in
ten-dimensions, and confirm its invariance under supersymmetry. We next add
higher-order derivative terms to such a noncommutative supersymmetric action.
These terms contain fields as high as the quartic order. This resulting action
can be regarded as supersymmetric generalization of noncommutative non-Abelian
Dirac-Born-Infeld action. Some ambiguities related to field redefinitions are
also clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179487 </DOCNO>
A meson exchange model for the YN interaction


  We present a new model for the hyperon-nucleon (Lambda N, Sigma N)
interaction, derived within the meson exchange framework. The model
incorporates the standard one boson exchange contributions of the lowest
pseudoscalar and vector meson multiplets with coupling constants fixed by SU(6)
symmetry relations. In addition - as the main feature of the new model - the
exchange of two correlated pions or kaons, both in the scalar-isoscalar (sigma)
and vector-isovector (rho) channels, is included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1829 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal fragmentation of C60


  A theoretical study of the subpicosecond fragmentation of C60 clusters in
response to ultrafast laser pulses is presented. We simulate the laser
excitation and the consequent nonequilibrium relaxation dynamics of the
electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom. The first stages of the
nonequilibrium dynamics are dominated by a coherent breathing mode followed by
the cold ejection of single C atoms, in contrast to the dimer emission which
characterizes the thermal relaxation. We also determine the nonequilibrium
damage thresholds as a function of the pulse duration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114322 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic induction and damping - quantitative experiments using


  A bar magnet, attached to an oscillating system, passes through a coil
periodically, generating a series of emf pulses. A novel method is described
for the quantitative verification of Faraday's law which eliminates all errors
associated with angular measurements, thereby revealing delicate features of
the underlying mechanics. When electromagnetic damping is activated by
short-circuiting the coil, a distinctly linear decay of oscillation amplitude
is surprisingly observed. A quantitative analysis reveals an interesting
interplay of the electromagnetic and mechanical time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6433 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous superconductivity induced in a weak ferromagnet


  Under certain conditions, the order parameter induced by a superconductor (S)
in a ferromagnet (F) can be inhomogeneous and oscillating, which results e.g.
in the so-called pi-coupling in S/F/S junctions. In principle, the
inhomogeneous state can be induced at T_c as function of the F-layer thickness
d_F in S/F bilayers and multilayers, which should result in a dip-like
characteristic of T_c(d_F). We show the results of measurements on the S/F
system Nb/Cu_{1-x}Ni_x, for Ni-concentrations in the range x = 0.5-0.7, where
such effects might be expected. We find that the critical thickness for the
occurrence of superconductivity is still relatively high, even for these weak
ferromagnets. The resulting dip then is intrinsically shallow and difficult to
observe, which explains the lack of a clear signature in the T_c(d_F) data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3658 </DOCNO>
Dilute bose gas in a quasi two-dimensional trap


  We investigate the behavior of a dilute quasi two-dimensional, harmonically
confined, weakly interacting Bose gas within the finite-temperature
Thomas-Fermi approximation. We find that the thermodynamic properties of the
system are markedly different for repulsive and attractive interactions.
Specifically, in contrast to the repulsive case, there appears to be a phase
transition when the atoms interact with an attractive pseudo-potential, in the
sense that there is no self-consistent solution for the normal ground state
below a certain temperature $T^{\star}$. These numerical findings are supported
by analytical investigations of the thermodynamics of the system in the complex
fugacity plane, and within the random-phase approximation. We also show that
the temperature $T^{\star}$ can be interpreted as the limiting temperature
below which the system cannot be described as a collection of noninteracting
{\em haldons}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4893 </DOCNO>
Evolutionary Computer Simulations


  Computer modelling for evolutionary systems consists in: 1) to store in the
memory the individual features of each member of a large population; and 2) to
update the whole system repeatedly, as time goes by, according to some
prescribed rules (reproduction, death, ageing, etc) where some degree of
randomness is included through pseudo-random number sequences. Compared to
direct observation of Nature, this approach presents two distinguishing
features. First, one can follow the characteristics of the system in real time,
instead of only observing the current, static situation which is a long-term
consequence of a remote past completely unknown except for some available
fossil snapshots. In particular, one can repeat the whole dynamical process,
starting from the same initial population, using the same randomness, changing
only some minor contingency during the process, in order to study its long-term
consequences. Second, evolution necessarily follows a critical dynamics with
long-term memory characteristics, equivalent to the long-range correlations
responsible for the well known universality properties of static critical
phenomena. Accordingly, some strong simplifications can be applied, allowing
one to obtain many characteristics of real populations from toy models easily
implementable on the computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128542 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Media in the Magellanic Clouds and other Local Group Dwarf


  I review the properties of the interstellar medium in the Magellanic Clouds
and Local Group dwarf galaxies. The more massive, star-forming galaxies show a
complex, multi-phase ISM full of shells and holes ranging from very cold phases
(a few 10 K) to extremely hot gas (> 10^6 K). In environments with high UV
radiation fields the formation of molecular gas is suppressed, while in dwarfs
with low UV fields molecular gas can form at lower than typical Galactic column
densities. There is evidence of ongoing interactions, gas accretion, and
stripping of gas in the Local Group dwarfs. Some dwarf galaxies appear to be in
various stages of transition from gas-rich to gas-poor systems. No ISM was
found in the least massive dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73792 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in Kaon System in Supersymmetric SU(5) Model with


  CP violations in the kaon system are studied in supersymmetric SU(5) model
with right-handed neutrinos. We pay a special attention to the renormalization
group effect on the off-diagonal elements of the squark mass matrices. In
particular, if the Yukawa couplings and mixings in the neutrino sector are
sizable, off-diagonal elements of the right-handed down-type squark mass matrix
are generated, which affect CP and flavor violations in decay processes of the
kaon. We calculate supersymmetric contributions to epsilon (as well as Delta
m_K), Br(K_L -> pi^0 nu \bar{nu}), and epsilon'/epsilon in this framework. We
will see that the supersymmetric contribution to the epsilon parameter can be
as large as (and in some case, larger than) the experimentally measured value.
We also discuss its implication to future tests of the unitarity triangle of
the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1590 </DOCNO>
Lees-Edwards boundary conditions for lattice Boltzmann


  Lees Edwards boundary conditions (LEbc) for Molecular Dynamics simulations
are an extension of the well known periodic boundary conditions and allow the
simulation of bulk systems in a simple shear flow. We show how the idea of LEbc
can be implemented in lattice Boltzmann simulations and how LEbc can be used to
overcome the problem of a maxinum shear rate that is limited to less than 1/Ly
(with Ly the transverse system size) in traditional lattice Boltzmann
implementations of shear flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126481 </DOCNO>
A possible use for polarizers in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov


  Cherenkov radiation produced in Extensive Air Showers shows a net
polarization. This article discusses its properties and physical origin, and
proposes an arrangement of polarizers potentially useful for Imaging
Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169373 </DOCNO>
Interpolating Coherent States for Heisenberg-Weyl and Single-Photon


  New quantal states which interpolate between the coherent states of the
Heisenberg_Weyl and SU(1,1) algebras are introduced. The interpolating states
are obtained as the coherent states of a closed and symmetric algebra which
interpolates between the two algebras. The overcompleteness of the
interpolating coherent states is established. Differential operator
representations in suitable spaces of entire functions are given for the
generators of the algebra. A nonsymmetric set of operators to realize the
Heisenberg-Weyl algebra is provided and the relevant coherent states are
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148162 </DOCNO>
The non-abelian Born-Infeld action at order F^6


  To gain insight into the non-abelian Born-Infeld (NBI) action, we study
coinciding D-branes wrapped on tori, and turn on magnetic fields on their
worldvolume. We then compare predictions for the spectrum of open strings
stretching between these D-branes, from perturbative string theory and from the
effective NBI action. Under some plausible assumptions, we find corrections to
the Str-prescription for the NBI action at order F^6. In the process we give a
way to classify terms in the NBI action that can be written in terms of field
strengths only, in terms of permutation group theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73066 </DOCNO>
Breaking democracy with non renormalizable mass terms


  The exact democratic structure for the quark mass matrix, resulting from the
action of the family symmetry group $A_{3L}\times A_{3R}$, is broken by the
vaccum expectation values of heavy singlet fields appearing in non
renormalizable dimension 6 operators. Within this specific context of breaking
of the family symmetry we formulate a very simple ansatz which leads to correct
quark masses and mixings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128780 </DOCNO>
Mass segregation in young compact star clusters in the Large Magellanic


  We review the complications involved in the conversion of stellar
luminosities into masses and apply a range of mass-to-luminosity relations to
our Hubble Space Telescope observations of the young LMC star clusters NGC 1805
and NGC 1818.
  Both the radial dependence of the mass function (MF) and the dependence of
the cluster core radii on mass indicate clear mass segregation in both clusters
at radii r <= 20-30'', for masses in excess of ~1.6-2.5 Msun. This result does
not depend on the mass range used to fit the slopes or the metallicity assumed.
It is clear that the cluster MFs, at any radius, are not simple power laws.
  The global and the annular MFs near the core radii appear to be characterised
by similar slopes in the mass range (-0.15 <= log m/Msun <= 0.85), the MFs
beyond r >= 30'' have significantly steeper slopes.
  We estimate that while the NGC 1818 cluster core is between ~5 and ~30
crossing times old, the core of NGC 1805 is likely $\lesssim 3-4$ crossing
times old. However, since strong mass segregation is observed out to ~6 Rcore
and ~3 Rcore in NGC 1805 and NGC 1818, respectively, it is most likely that
significant primordial mass segregation was present in both clusters,
particularly in NGC 1805.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168220 </DOCNO>
What Schr\"odinger's Cat is Telling


  The recent experiment on superconducting quantum interference device provides
new opportunity to clarify the fundamental interpretation of quantum mechanics.
After analyzing this and relevant experiments, we claim the point of view that
the quantum state in abstract sense contains no information and the wave
function is the probability amplitude of fictitious measurement corresponding
to the real one which is prepared to be done by the observer. Talking about the
quantum state or wave function too materialized in ordinary language would
often cause misunderstanding. So basically, the Schr\"odinger's cat paradox
is over.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99262 </DOCNO>
Euler, Jacobi, and Missions to Comets and Asteroids


  Whenever a freely spinning body is found in a complex rotational state, this
means that either the body is a recent victim of an impact or a tidal
interaction, or is a fragment of a recently disrupted progenitor. Another
factor (relevant for comets) is outgassing. Due to impacts, tidal forces and
outgassing, the asteroidal and cometary precession must be a generic
phenomenon: while some rotators are in the state of visible tumbling, a much
larger amount of objects must be performing narrow-cone precession not so
easily observable from the Earth. The internal dissipation in a freely
precessing top leads to relaxation (gradual damping of the precession) and
sometimes to spontaneous changes in the rotation axis. Recently developed
theory of dissipative precession of a rigid body reveals that this is a highly
nonlinear process: while the body is precessing at an angular rate $ \omega$,
the precession-caused stresses and strains in the body contain components
oscillating at other frequencies. Dependent upon the spin state, those
frequencies may be higher or, most remarkably, lower than the precession rate.
In many states dissipation at the harmonics is comparable to or even exceeds
that at the principal frequency. For this and other reasons, in many spin
states the damping of asteroidal and cometary wobble happens faster, by several
orders, than believed previously. This makes it possible to measure the
precession-damping rate. The narrowing of the precession cone through the
period of about a year can be registered by the currently available
spacecraft-based observational means. However, in the near-separatrix spin
states a precessing rotator can considerably slow down its relaxation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1214 </DOCNO>
Beryllium nitride thin film grown by reactive laser ablation


  Beryllium nitride thin films were grown on silicon substrates by laser
ablating a beryllium foil in molecular nitrogen ambient. The composition and
chemical state were determined with Auger (AES), X-Ray photoelectron (XPS) and
energy loss (EELS) spectroscopies. A low absorption coefficient in the visible
region, and an optical bandgap of 3.8 eV, determined by reflectance
ellipsometry, were obtained for films grown at nitrogen pressures higher than
25 mTorr. The results show that the reaction of beryllium with nitrogen is very
effective using this preparation method, producing high quality films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6822 </DOCNO>
Uniaxial and biaxial soft deformations of nematic elastomers


  We give a geometric interpretation of the soft elastic deformation modes of
nematic elastomers, with explicit examples, for both uniaxial and biaxial
nematic order. We show the importance of body rotations in this non-classical
elasticity and how the invariance under rotations of the reference and target
states gives soft elasticity (the Golubovic and Lubensky theorem). The role of
rotations makes the Polar Decomposition Theorem vital for decomposing general
deformations into body rotations and symmetric strains. The role of the square
roots of tensors is discussed in this context and that of finding explicit
forms for soft deformations (the approach of Olmsted).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5542 </DOCNO>
Quadrupolar Order in Isotropic Heisenberg Models with Biquadratic


  Through Quantum Monte Carlo simulation, we study the biquadratic-interaction
model with the SU(2) symmetry in two and three dimensions. The zero-temperature
phase diagrams for the two cases are identical and exhibit an intermediate
phase characterized by finite quadrupole moment, in agreement with mean-field
type arguments and the semi-classical theory. In three dimensions, we
demonstrate that the model in the quadrupolar regime has a phase transition at
a finite temperature. In contrast to predictions by mean-field theories, the
phase transition to the quadrupolar phase turns out to be of the second order.
We also examine the critical behavior in the two marginal cases with the SU(3)
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75574 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of Neutrino Oscillation


  I review some aspects concerning the physics of neutrino mixing and
oscillations. I discuss in some detail the physical neutrino oscillations
parameter space in the case of two and three family mixing, and briefly
describe the current knowledge of neutrino mixing parameters according to the
present solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrino data. I also briefly comment
on the possibility of solving the LNSD anomaly together with the solar and
atmospheric ones. I conclude by emphasising that that even though in five to
ten years time a lot will be learnt from the next round of neutrino
experiments, a great deal about neutrino masses and neutrino mixing will remain
unknown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2564 </DOCNO>
Magnon Heat Transport in (Sr,La)_14Cu_24O_41


  We have measured the thermal heat conductivity kappa of the compounds
Sr_14Cu_24O_41 and Ca_9La_5Cu_24O_41 containing doped and undoped spin ladders,
respectively. We find a huge anisotropy of both, the size and the temperature
dependence of kappa which we interpret in terms of a very large heat
conductivity due to the magnetic excitations of the one-dimensional spin
ladders. This magnon heat conductivity decreases with increasing hole doping of
the ladders. The magnon heat transport is analyzed theoretically using a simple
kinetic model. From this analysis we determine the spin gap and the temperature
dependent mean free path of the magnons which ranges by several thousand
angstroms at low temperature. The relevance of several scattering channels for
the magnon transport is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3829 </DOCNO>
Self Consistent Expansion for the Molecular Beam Epitaxy Equation


  Motivated by a controversy over the correct results derived from the dynamic
renormalization group (DRG) analysis of the non linear molecular beam epitaxy
(MBE) equation, a self-consistent expansion (SCE) for the non linear MBE theory
is considered. The scaling exponents are obtained for spatially correlated
noise of the general form $D({\vec r - \vec r',t - t'}) = 2D_0 | {\vec r - \vec
r'} |^{2\rho - d} \delta ({t - t'})$. I find a lower critical dimension $d_c
(\rho) = 4 + 2\rho $, above, which the linear MBE solution appears. Below the
lower critical dimension a r-dependent strong-coupling solution is found. These
results help to resolve the controversy over the correct exponents that
describe non linear MBE, using a reliable method that proved itself in the past
by predicting reasonable results for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) system,
where DRG failed to do so.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2376 </DOCNO>
Effects of C, Cu and Be substitutions in superconducting MgB2


  Density functional calculations are used to investigate the effects of
partial substitutional alloying of the B site in MgB2 with C and Be alone and
combined with alloying of the Mg site with Cu. The effect of such substitutions
on the electronic structure, electron phonon coupling and superconductivity are
discussed. We find that Be substitution for B is unfavorable for
superconductivity as it leads to a softer lattice and weaker electron-phonon
couplings. Replacement of Mg by Cu leads to an increase in the stiffness and
doping level at the same time, while the carrier concentration can be
controlled by partial replacement of B by C. We estimate that with full
replacement of Mg by Cu and fractional substitution of B by C, Tc values of 50K
may be attainable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97894 </DOCNO>
An extension of Painlev\'e's determinateness theorem


  In this paper we state and proof an extended version of Painlev\'e's
determinateness theorem. We study the C^0-continuability along analytic arcs of
solutions of some Cauchy's problems, which will be 'multiple-valued', i.e.
defined on Riemann domains spread over C^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6048 </DOCNO>
How to derive the Parisi ultrametric anzats in replica symmetry breaking


  A completely new approach based on p-adic and non-commutative analysis is
applied to describe disordered systems. The non-commutative analogue of the
replica trick is introduced. This allows to justify the Parisi procedure of the
replica symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4487 </DOCNO>
Gate-induced band ferromagnetism in an organic polymer


  We propose that a chain of five-membered rings (polyaminotriazole) should be
ferromagnetic with an appropriate doping that is envisaged to be feasible with
an FET structure. The ferromagnetism is confirmed by a spin density functional
calculation, which also shows that ferromagnetism survives the Peierls
instability. We explain the magnetism in terms of Mielke and Tasaki's flat-band
ferromagnetism with the Hubbard model. This opens a new possibility of band
ferromagnetism in purely organic polymers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125744 </DOCNO>
Another Channel to detect Close-in Binary Companions via Gravitational


  Gaudi & Gould (1997) showed that close companions of remote binary systems
can be efficiently detected by using gravitational microlensing via the
deviations in the lensing light curves induced by the existence of the lens
companions. In this paper, we introduce another channel to detect faint
close-in binary companions by using microlensing. This method utilizes a
caustic-crossing binary lens event with a source also composed of binary stars,
where the companion is a faint star. Detection of the companion is possible
because the flux of the companion can be highly amplified when it crosses the
lens caustic. The detection is facilitated since the companion is more
amplified than the primary because it, in general, has a smaller size than the
primary, and thus experiences less finite source effect. The method is
extension of the previous one suggested to detect close-in giant planets by
Graff & Gaudi (2000) and Lewis & Ibata (2000) and further developed by Ashton &
Lewis (2001). From the simulations of realistic Galactic bulge events, we find
that companions of K-type main sequence or brighter can be efficiently detected
from the current type microlensing followup observations by using the proposed
method. We also find that compared to the method of detecting lens companions
for which the efficiency drops significantly for binaries with separations
$\lesssim 0.2$ of the angular Einstein ring radius, the proposed method has an
important advantage of being able to detect companions with substantially
smaller separations down to order of 0.01 \theta_E.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123498 </DOCNO>
On the trispectrum as a gaussian test for cosmology


  In the standard model for structure formation, bound objects originate from
the gravitational collapse of small perturbations arising from quantum
fluctuations with random phases. In other scenarios, based on defects,
structures are seeded by localized energy density. In principle, it is possible
to differentiate between these models on the basis of their statistical
properties; only in the former case is the initial density field an
almost-perfect random gaussian field. In this paper, we investigate the use of
the trispectrum of the galaxy density field, which is the connected four-point
function in Fourier space, as a discriminant between gaussian and non-gaussian
models. It has the advantage of having only weak non-linear growth. We define a
related statistic $\tau$ which, as a test of the gaussian hypothesis, is
independent of cosmology, the power spectrum and biasing, in real space, and
which is, in principle, a measure of the departure from gaussian statistics.
For galaxy redshift surveys, the statistic depends on cosmology and bias only
through the potentially observable parameter $\beta$. We compute the expected
errors on the estimate of $\tau$, and demonstrate with numerical simulations
that it can be a useful discriminant of models, with the important proviso that
any bias is linear on large scales. Whether it is the most effective method is
uncertain and depends on the nature of the departure from gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4685 </DOCNO>
Quasi 2D Bose-Einstein condensation in an optical lattice


  We study the phase transition of a gas of Rb atoms to quantum degeneracy in
the combined potential of a harmonically confining magnetic trap and the
periodic potential of an optical lattice. For high optical lattice potentials
we observe a significant change in the temperature dependency of the population
of the ground state of the system. The experimental results are explained by
the subsequent formation of quasi 2D condensates in the single lattice sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86249 </DOCNO>
Topology of spacetime and quantization of particle dynamics


  We compare classical and quantum dynamics of a particle in the de Sitter
spacetimes with different topologies to show that the result of quantization
strongly depends on global properties of a classical system. We present
essentially self-adjoint representations of the algebra of observables for each
system. Quantization based on global properties of a classical system accounts
properly its symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129723 </DOCNO>
A Proper Motion Survey for White Dwarfs with the Wide Field Planetary


  We have performed a search for halo white dwarfs as high proper motion
objects in a second epoch WFPC2 image of the Groth-Westphal strip. We identify
24 high proper motion objects with mu > 0.014 ''/yr. Five of these high proper
motion objects are identified as strong white dwarf candidates on the basis of
their position in a reduced proper motion diagram. We create a model of the
Milky Way thin disk, thick disk and stellar halo and find that this sample of
white dwarfs is clearly an excess above the < 2 detections expected from these
known stellar populations. The origin of the excess signal is less clear.
Possibly, the excess cannot be explained without invoking a fourth galactic
component: a white dwarf dark halo. We present a statistical separation of our
sample into the four components and estimate the corresponding local white
dwarf densities using only the directly observable variables, V, V-I, and mu.
For all Galactic models explored, our sample separates into about 3 disk white
dwarfs and 2 halo white dwarfs. However, the further subdivision into the thin
and thick disk and the stellar and dark halo, and the subsequent calculation of
the local densities are sensitive to the input parameters of our model for each
Galactic component. Using the lowest mean mass model for the dark halo we find
a 7% white dwarf halo and six times the canonical value for the thin disk white
dwarf density (at marginal statistical significance), but possible systematic
errors due to uncertainty in the model parameters likely dominate these
statistical error bars. The white dwarf halo can be reduced to around 1.5% of
the halo dark matter by changing the initial mass function slightly. The local
thin disk white dwarf density in our solution can be made consistent with the
canonical value by assuming a larger thin disk scaleheight of 500 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41833 </DOCNO>
Measurement of HQET Parameters and CKM Matrix Elements


  The determination of CKM matrix elements in the b-sector is discussed,
emphasizing the new measurements of Vub and Vcb by the CLEO collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128646 </DOCNO>
Galaxy colours in high redshift X-ray selected clusters - I: Blue galaxy


  We present initial results from a wide-field, multi-colour imaging project,
designed to study galaxy evolution in X-ray selected clusters at intermediate
(z~0.25) and high redshifts (z~0.5). In this paper we give blue galaxy
fractions from eight X-ray selected clusters, drawn from a combined sample of
three X-ray surveys. We find that all the clusters exhibit excess blue galaxy
populations over the numbers observed in local systems, though a large scatter
is present in the results. We find no significant correlation of blue fraction
with redshift at z>0.2 although the large scatter could mask a positive trend.
We also find no systematic trend of blue fraction with X-ray luminosity. We
show that the blue fraction is a function of (a) radius within a cluster, (b)
absolute magnitude and (c) the passbands used to measure the colour. We find
that our blue fractions (f_b) from galaxy colours close to restframe (U-B),
f_b~0.4, are systematically higher than those from restframe (B-V) colours,
f_b~0.2. We conclude this effect is real, may offer a partial explanation of
the widely differing levels of blue fraction found in previous studies and may
have implications for biases in optical samples selected in different bands.
  While the increasing blue fraction with radius can be interpreted as evidence
of cluster infall of field galaxies, the exact physical processes which these
galaxies undergo is unclear. We estimate that, in the cores of the more massive
clusters, galaxies should be experiencing ram--pressure stripping of galactic
gas by the intra--cluster medium. The fact that our low X-ray luminosity
systems show a similar blue fraction as the high luminosity systems, as well as
a significant blue fraction gradient with radius, implies other physical
effects are also important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75042 </DOCNO>
Predictions for Higgs and SUSY spectra from SO(10) Yukawa Unification


  We use $t, b, \tau$ Yukawa unification to constrain SUSY parameter space. We
find a narrow region survives for $\mu > 0$ (suggested by \bsgam and the
anomalous magnetic moment of the muon) with $A_0 \sim - 1.9 m_{16}$, $m_{10}
\sim 1.4 m_{16}$, $m_{16} \sim 1200 -3000$ \gev and $\mu, M_{1/2} \sim 100 -
500$ \gev. Demanding Yukawa unification thus makes definite predictions for
Higgs and sparticle masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76411 </DOCNO>
One-loop corrections to neutral Higgs boson decays into neutralinos


  We present the one-loop corrected decay widths for the decays of the neutral
Higgs bosons h^0, H^0, and A^0 into a neutralino pair neu_m neu_n (m, n = 1,
>..., 4) and to the decay neu_m -> (h^0, H^0, A^0) + neu_n. The corrections
contain the one-loop contributions of all fermions and sfermions. All
parameters are taken on-shell. This requires a proper treatment of the
neutralino mass and mixing matrix. The dependence on the SUSY parameters is
discussed. The corrections can be large in certain regions of the parameter
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76254 </DOCNO>
Strangeness Enhancement and Canonical Suppression


  We demonstrate the essential role of canonical suppression in strangeness
enhancement. The pattern of enhancement of strange and multistrange baryons
observed by the WA97 collaboration can be understood on this basis. Besides, it
is shown that in canonical approach strangeness enhancement is a decreasing
function of collision energy. It is the largest at $\sqrt{s}=8.7$ GeV where the
enhancement of $\Omega,\Xi$ and $\Lambda$ is of the order of 100, 20 and 3
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2276 </DOCNO>
two-waves approximation for reflected and transmitted energy in photonic


  We study electromagnetic waves scattering by a 2D photonic crystal made of a
stack of diffraction gratings. In case where there are only two propagative
modes in the crystal, we derive an explicit expression for the superior (resp.
inferior) envelope of the reflected (resp. transmitted) energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73660 </DOCNO>
Axino as a sterile neutrino


  We present a supersymmetric axion model in which the fermionic superpartner
of axion, i.e. the axino, corresponds to a sterile neutrino which would
accommodate the LSND data with atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129520 </DOCNO>
The Relationship Between Gas Content and Star Formation in Molecule-Rich


  We investigate the relationship between HI, H_2, and the star formation rate
(SFR) using azimuthally averaged data for seven CO-bright spiral galaxies.
Contrary to some earlier studies based on global fluxes, we find that the SFR
surface density exhibits a much stronger correlation with the H_2 than with the
HI, as the HI surface density saturates at a value of $\sim$10 Msol pc^{-2} or
even declines at large SFR surface densities. Hence the good correlation
between the SFR surface density and the total (HI+H_2) gas surface density is
driven by the molecular component in these galaxies. We find no clear evidence
for a link between the gravitational instability parameter for the gas disk
(Q_g) and the SFR, and suggest that Q_g be considered a measure of the gas
fraction. This implies that for a state of marginal gravitational stability to
exist in galaxies with low gas fractions, it must be due to instability of the
stellar disk. In regions where we have both HI and CO measurements, the ratio
of HI to H_2 surface density scales with radius R as roughly R^{1.5}, and we
suggest that the balance between HI and H_2 is determined primarily by the
midplane interstellar pressure. These results favor a "law" of star formation
in quiescent disks in which the ambient pressure and metallicity control the
formation of molecular clouds from HI, with star formation then occurring at a
roughly constant rate per unit H_2 mass. (abstract abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150196 </DOCNO>
Stable BPS D2/anti-D2 Bound System Connected by an Elliptic Supertube


  An exact solution, in which a D2-brane and an anti-D2-brane are connected by
an elliptically tubular D2-brane, is obtained without any junction condition.
The solution is shown to preserve one quarter of the supersymmetries of the
type-IIA Minkowski vacuum. We show that the configuration cannot be obtained by
`blowing-up' from some inhomogeneously D0-charged superstrings. The BPS bound
tells us that it is rather composed of D0-charged D2/anti-D2 pair and a strip
of superstrings connecting them. We obtain the correction to the charges of the
string end points in the constant magnetic background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83923 </DOCNO>
Pushdown Timed Automata: a Binary Reachability Characterization and


  We consider pushdown timed automata (PTAs) that are timed automata (with
dense clocks) augmented with a pushdown stack. A configuration of a PTA
includes a control state, dense clock values and a stack word. By using the
pattern technique, we give a decidable characterization of the binary
reachability (i.e., the set of all pairs of configurations such that one can
reach the other) of a PTA. Since a timed automaton can be treated as a PTA
without the pushdown stack, we can show that the binary reachability of a timed
automaton is definable in the additive theory of reals and integers. The
results can be used to verify a class of properties containing linear relations
over both dense variables and unbounded discrete variables. The properties
previously could not be verified using the classic region technique nor
expressed by timed temporal logics for timed automata and CTL$^*$ for pushdown
systems. The results are also extended to other generalizations of timed
automata.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97210 </DOCNO>
Boundary Conformal Field Theory and Fusion Ring Representations


  To an RCFT corresponds two combinatorial structures: the amplitude of a torus
(the 1-loop partition function of a closed string, sometimes called a modular
invariant), and a representation of the fusion ring (called a NIM-rep or
equivalently a fusion graph, and closely related to the 1-loop partition
function of an open string). In this paper we develop some basic theory of
NIM-reps, obtain several new NIM-rep classifications, and compare them with the
corresponding modular invariant classifications. Among other things, we make
the following fairly disturbing observation: there are infinitely many (WZW)
modular invariants which do not correspond to any NIM-rep. The resolution could
be that those modular invariants are physically sick. Is classifying modular
invariants really the right thing to do? For current algebras, the answer seems
to be: Usually but not always. For finite groups a la
Dijkgraaf-Vafa-Verlinde-Verlinde, the answer seems to be: Rarely.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1738 </DOCNO>
Perfectly Translating Lattices on a Cylinder


  We perform molecular dynamics simulations on an interacting electron gas
confined to a cylindrical surface and subject to a radial magnetic field and
the field of the positive background. In order to study the system at lowest
energy states that still carry a current, initial configurations are obtained
by a special quenching procedure. We observe the formation of a steady state in
which the entire electron-lattice cycles with a common uniform velocity.
Certain runs show an intermediate instability leading to lattice
rearrangements. A Hall resistance can be defined and depends linearly on the
magnetic field with an anomalous coefficient reflecting the manybody
contributions peculiar to two dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113790 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of antifreeze proteins action, based on Hierarchic theory of


  A basically new Hierarchic theory, general for solids and liquids
(Kaivarainen, 2001, 2000, 1995, 1992), has been briefly described and
illustrated by computer simulations on examples of water and ice. Full
description of theory and its numerous applications are presented in series of
articles at the arXiv of Los-Alamos (see http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0102086).
New clusterphilic interactions, intermediate between hydrophilic and
hydrphobic, are introduced. They can be subdivided into: intramolecular - when
water cluster is localized in the ''open'' states of big interdomain or
intersubunit cavities and intermolecular clusterphilic interactions.
Intermolecular clusterphilic interactions can be induced by very different
macromolecules. The latter displays themselves in bordering of water cluster by
macromolecules and forming so-called ''clustrons''. Clusterphilic interactions
can play an important role in self-organization of biosystems, especially
multiglobular allosteric enzymes, microtubules and the actin filaments. The
selected review of literature, devoted to antifreeze proteins (AFP) and
ice-nucleation proteins (INP) interaction with water is presented.
Corresponding experimental results were analyzed on the base of Hierarchic
theory. The possible mechanism of cryoproteins influence on water, changing its
freezing point has been proposed. The consequences of new model of AFP action
and ways of its experimental verification are described also.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4966 </DOCNO>
Enstrophy Dynamics of Stochastically Forced Large-Scale Geophysical


  Enstrophy is an averaged measure of fluid vorticity. This quantity is
particularly important in {\em rotating} geophysical flows. We investigate the
dynamical evolution of enstrophy for large-scale quasi-geostrophic flows under
random wind forcing. We obtain upper bounds on the enstrophy, as well as
results establishing its H\"older continuity and describing the small-time
asymptotics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97107 </DOCNO>
Examples of mirror partners arising from integrable systems


  In this note we present pairs of hyperkaehler orbifolds which satisfy two
different versions of mirror symmetry. On the one hand, we show that their
Hodge numbers (or more precisely, stringy E-polynomials) are equal. On the
other hand, we show that they satisfy the prescription of Strominger, Yau, and
Zaslow (which in the present case goes back to Bershadsky, Johansen, Sadov and
Vafa): that a Calabi-Yau and its mirror should fiber over the same real
manifold, with special Lagrangian fibers which are tori dual to each other. Our
examples arise as moduli spaces of local systems on a curve with structure
group SL(n); the mirror is the corresponding space with structure group PGL(n).
The special Lagrangian tori come from an algebraically completely integrable
Hamiltonian system: the Hitchin system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124986 </DOCNO>
Partially Absorbed Comptonization Spectrum from the Nearly Edge-on


  We report the results of a spectral analysis over the range 0.1-200 keV
performed on the dipping source X 1822-371 observed by BeppoSAX. We find the
best fit to the continuum using a partially covered Comptonization model, due
to scattering off soft seed photons by electrons at a temperature of ~4.8 keV,
without the presence of any soft blackbody emission. The equivalent hydrogen
column obtained for the absorbed component is ~4.5 10^{22} cm^{-2}, an order of
magnitude larger than the Galactic absorption for this source, and the covering
fraction is ~71%. Because the inclination angle of X 1822-371 to the line of
sight is ~85^\circ, this model gives a reasonable scenario for the source: the
Comptonized spectrum could come from an extended accretion disk corona (ADC),
probably the only region that can be directly observed due to the high
inclination. The excess of matter producing the partial covering could be close
to the equatorial plane of the system, above the outer disk, occulting the
emission from the inner disk and the inner part of the ADC. An iron emission
line is also present at ~6.5 keV with an equivalent width of ~150 eV. We argue
that this strong iron line cannot be explained as reflection of the Comptonized
spectrum by the accretion disk. It is probably produced in the ADC. An emission
line at ~1.9 keV (with an equivalent width of ~54 eV) and an absorption edge at
\~8.7 keV (with an optical depth of ~0.1) are also required to fit this
spectrum. These features are probably produced by highly ionized iron (Fe XXIV)
present in the outer part of the ADC, where the plasma density is
\~10^{11}-10^{12} cm^{-3} and ionized plasma is present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83621 </DOCNO>
Potholes on the Royal Road


  It is still unclear how an evolutionary algorithm (EA) searches a fitness
landscape, and on what fitness landscapes a particular EA will do well. The
validity of the building-block hypothesis, a major tenet of traditional genetic
algorithm theory, remains controversial despite its continued use to justify
claims about EAs. This paper outlines a research program to begin to answer
some of these open questions, by extending the work done in the royal road
project. The short-term goal is to find a simple class of functions which the
simple genetic algorithm optimizes better than other optimization methods, such
as hillclimbers. A dialectical heuristic for searching for such a class is
introduced. As an example of using the heuristic, the simple genetic algorithm
is compared with a set of hillclimbers on a simple subset of the
hyperplane-defined functions, the pothole functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123731 </DOCNO>
Large X-ray Flares from LMC X-4: Discovery of Milli-hertz Quasi-periodic


  We report the discovery of milli-hertz (mHz) quasi-periodic oscillations
(QPOs) and QPO-modulated pulsations during large X-ray flares from the
high-mass X-ray binary pulsar LMC X-4 using data from the Rossi X-Ray Timing
Explorer (RXTE). The lightcurves of flares show that, in addition to ~74 mHz
coherent pulsations, there exist two more time-varying temporal structures at
frequencies of ~0.65-1.35 and ~2-20 mHz. These relatively long-term structures
appear in the power density spectra as mHz QPOs and as well-developed sidebands
around the coherent pulse frequency as well, indicating that the amplitudes of
the coherent pulsation is modulated by those of the mHz QPOs. One interesting
feature is that, while the first flare shows symmetric sidebands around the
coherent pulse frequency, the second flare shows significant excess emission in
the lower-frequency sidebands due to the ~2-20 mHz QPOs. We discuss the origin
of the QPOs using a combination of the beat-frequency model and a modified
version of the Keplerian-frequency model. According to our discussion, it seems
to be possible to attribute the origin of the ~0.65-1.35 and ~2-20 mHz QPOs to
the beating between the rotational frequency of the neutron star and the
Keplerian frequency of large accreting clumps near the corotation radius and to
the orbital motion of clumps at Keplerian radii of 2-10 times 10^9 cm,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126928 </DOCNO>
Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium by the Milky Way Subgroup


  I study the effect of the galaxies of the Milky Way subgroup on the chemical
enrichment of the diffuse gas within the Local Group. The preferred model
predicts that the present-day intergalactic medium mass is 1/22 of the initial
baryonic mass and its metallicity is 1/20 $Z_\odot$. Nearly 80 % of
intergalactic metals were produced in the Galactic bulge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6357 </DOCNO>
Crystal defects and spin tunneling in single crystals of Mn12 clusters


  The question addressed in this paper is that of the influence of the density
of dislocations on the spin tunneling in Mn12 clusters. We have determined the
variation in the mosaicity of the crystal structure of fresh and thermally
treated single crystals of Mn12 by analyzing the widening of low angle X-ray
diffraction peaks. It has also been well established from both isothermal
magnetization and relaxation experiments that there is a broad distribution of
tunneling rates which is shifted to higher rates when increases the density of
dislocations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3304 </DOCNO>
Magnetism and Transport for Two-Dimensional Electrons : Absence of


  We calculate the interaction kernel K for two-dimensional diffusive
electrons. The screening of the Coulomb interaction together with the Fermi
statistics induces a spin selection rule for electron-electron scattering so
that in leading order in the inverse conductance only pairs of electrons with
antiparallel spins do scatter. At low temperature, this results in a larger
coherence length for fully polarized electrons and thus in a positive in-plane
magnetoresistance. An applied in-plane magnetic field also induces a
nonmonotonous behavior of K at finite temperature. Alternatively, the vanishing
of the scattering in the triplet channel strongly reduces ferromagnetism deep
in the metallic regime. These effects weaken as the density of charge carriers
is reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81078 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy CP2


  Regularization of quantum field theories (QFT's) can be achieved by
quantizing the underlying manifold (spacetime or spatial slice) thereby
replacing it by a non-commutative matrix model or a ``fuzzy manifold''. Such
discretization by quantization is remarkably successful in preserving
symmetries and topological features, and altogether overcoming the
fermion-doubling problem. In this paper, we report on our work on the
``fuzzification'' of the four-dimensional CP2 and its QFT's. CP2 is not spin,
but spin${}_c$. Its Dirac operator has many unique features. They are explained
and their fuzzy versions are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4806 </DOCNO>
Chiral Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in the frustrated Heisenberg


  Ordering of the geometrically frustrated two-dimensional Heisenberg
antiferromagnet on a pyrochlore slab is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. In
contrast to the kagom\'e Heisenberg antiferromagnet, the model exhibits locally
non-coplanar spin structures at low temperatures, bearing nontrivial chiral
degrees of freedom. Under certain conditions, the model exhibits a novel
Kosterlitz-Thouless-type transition at a finite temperature associated with
these chiral degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98546 </DOCNO>
Determinants of Laplacians and Isopolar Metrics on Surfaces of Infinite


  We construct a determinant of the Laplacian for infinite-area surfaces which
are hyperbolic near infinity and without cusps. In the case of a convex
co-compact hyperbolic metric, the determinant can be related to the Selberg
zeta function and thus shown to be an entire function of order two with zeros
at the eigenvalues and resonances of the Laplacian. In the hyperbolic near
infinity case the determinant is analyzed through the zeta-regularized relative
determinant for a conformal metric perturbation. We establish that this
relative determinant is a ratio of entire functions of order two with divisor
corresponding to eigenvalues and resonances of the perturbed and unperturbed
metrics. These results are applied to the problem of compactness in the smooth
topology for the class of metrics with a given set of eigenvalues and
resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126000 </DOCNO>
Sources of carbon and the evolution of the abundance of CNO elements


  Using the standard infall model of Galactic chemical evolution, we explore
the origin of carbon and calculate the abundance evolution of CNO elements for
8 different models of stellar nucleosynthesis yields. The results show that, in
the early stage of the Galaxy, massive stars are the main producer of carbon,
and that as our Galaxy evolves to the late stage, the longer lived
intermediate- and low-mass stars play an increasingly important role, while at
the same time, metal-rich Wolf-Rayet stars eject a significant amount of carbon
into the ISM by radiative-driven stellar winds. However, from the present
published nucleosynthesis yields we cannot distinguish whether the main source
of carbon in the late Galactic stage is just the massive stars ($M>8M_{\odot}$)
alone, or just the intermediate-, low-mass stars and $M\leq 40M_{\odot}$
massive stars that do not go through the Wolf-Rayet stage. The
$^{12}$C$(\alpha,\gamma)^{16}$O reaction rate is very important in the stellar
nucleosynthesis calculations: a lower rate will give a higher yield of carbon.
The contribution to nitrogen is dominated by intermediate- and low-mass stars,
and the secondary source of massive stars cannot explain the observed [N/Fe] in
metal-poor stars. Most of oxygen is produced by massive stars. The fact that a
higher O abundance in metal-poor stars is derived from the \ion{O}{i}
7771$-$7775 \AA triplet than from the forbidden [\ion{O}{i}] line at 6300
\AA poses a problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129260 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Gas in our Galaxy


  The development of our understanding of the gaseous component of the
interstellar medium is reviewed. During the 20th century our picture of diffuse
material in space has grown from a simple model of isolated clouds in thermal
equilibrium with stellar radiation fields to one of a richly varied composite
of materials with a wide range of physical properties and morphologies. The
solar system interacts with this dynamical interstellar medium, which dominates
the properties of the interplanetary environment. Optical, radio, and UV
astronomy allow us to study the clouds which form the galactic environment of
the Sun. The composition and distribution of interstellar clouds in the disk
and halo tell us about the history of elemental formation in our galaxy, and
the past and future environment of the solar system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148526 </DOCNO>
Open Membranes, p-Branes and Noncommutativity of Boundary String


  We study the dynamics of an open membrane with a cylindrical topology, in the
background of a constant three form, whose boundary is attached to p-branes.
The boundary closed string is coupled to a two form potential to ensure gauge
invariance. We use the action, due to Bergshoeff, London and Townsend, to study
the noncommutativity properties of the boundary string coordinates. The
constrained Hamiltonian formalism due to Dirac is used to derive the
noncommutativity of coordinates. The chain of constraints is found to be finite
for a suitable gauge choice, unlike the case of the static gauge, where the
chain has an infinite sequence of terms. It is conjectured that the formulation
of closed string field theory may necessitate introduction of a star product
which is both noncommutative and nonassociative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126165 </DOCNO>
Mid-IR Observations of Mira Circumstellar Environment


  This paper presents results from high-angular resolution mid-IR imaging of
the Mira AB circumbinary environment using the MIRAC3 camera at the NASA
Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). We resolved the dusty circumstellar
envelope at 9.8, 11.7 and 18 micron around Mira A (o Ceti), and measured the
size of the extended emission. Strong deviations from spherical symmetry are
detected in the images of Mira AB system, including possible dust clumps in the
direction of the companion (Mira B). These observations suggest that Mira B
plays an active role in shaping the morphology of the circumstellar environment
of Mira A as it evolves toward the Planetary Nebula phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148816 </DOCNO>
The supergravity dual of a theory with dynamical supersymmetry breaking


  We study the large $N$ limit of a little string theory that reduces in the IR
to U(N) ${\cal N} =1$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills with Chern Simons coupling $k$.
Witten has shown that this field theory preserves supersymmetry if $k\geq N/2$
and he conjectured that it breaks supersymmetry if $k< N/2$. We find a
non-singular solution that describes the $k=N/2$ case, which is confining. We
argue that increasing $k$ corresponds to adding branes to this solution, in a
way that preserves supersymmetry, while decreasing $k$ corresponds to adding
anti-branes, and therefore breaking supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128374 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic Radiation and Equation of Motion for Really Shaped


  Relativistically covariant form of equation of motion for real particle
(body) under the action of electromagnetic radiation is derived. Equation of
motion in the proper frame of the particle uses the radiation pressure cross
section 3 $\times$ 3 matrix. Obtained covariant equation of motion is compared
with another covariant equation of motion which was presented more than one
year ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41743 </DOCNO>
A Study of Strange Particle Production in Muon Neutrino Charged Current


  A study of strange particle production in muon neutrino charged current
interactions has been performed using the data from the NOMAD experiment.
Yields of neutral strange particles K0s, Lambda, AntiLambda have been measured.
Mean multiplicities are reported as a function of the event kinematic variables
Enu, W2 and Q2 as well as of the variables describing particle behaviour within
a hadronic jet: xF, z and pT2. Decays of resonances and heavy hyperons with
identified K0s and Lambda in the final state have been analyzed. Clear signals
corresponding to K*+-, Sigma*+-, Xi- and Sigma0 have been observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6589 </DOCNO>
Length scales coupling for nonlinear dynamical problems in magnetism


  The dynamics of real magnets is often governed by several interacting
processes taking place simultaneously at different length scales. For dynamical
simulations the relevant length scales should be coupled, and the energy
transfer accurately described. We show that in this case the micromagnetic
theory is not always reliable. We present a coarse-graining approach applicable
to nonlinear problems, which provides a unified description of all relevant
length scales, allowing a smooth, seamless coupling. The simulations performed
on model systems show that the coarse-graining approach achieves nearly the
precision of all-atom simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6824 </DOCNO>
Susceptibility and dilution effects of the kagome bi-layer geometrically


  We present an extensive gallium NMR study of the geometrically frustrated
kagome bi-layer compound SrCr_(9p)Ga_(12-9p)O_(19) (Cr^3+, S=3/2) over a broad
Cr-concentration range (.72<p<.95). This allows us to probe locally the kagome
bi-layer susceptibility and separate the intrinsic properties due to the
geometric frustration from those related to the site dilution. Our major
findings are: 1) The intrinsic kagome bi-layer susceptibility exhibits a
maximum in temperature at 40-50 K and is robust to a dilution as high as ~20%.
The maximum reveals the development of short range antiferromagnetic
correlations; 2) At low-T, a highly dynamical state induces a strong wipe-out
of the NMR intensity, regardless of dilution; 3) The low-T upturn observed in
the macroscopic susceptibility is associated to paramagnetic defects which stem
from the dilution of the kagome bi-layer. The low-T analysis of the NMR
lineshape suggests that the defect can be associated with a staggered
spin-response to the vacancies on the kagome bi-layer. This, altogether with
the maximum in the kagome bi-layer susceptibility, is very similar to what is
observed in most low-dimensional antiferromagnetic correlated systems; 4) The
spin glass-like freezing observed at T_g=2-4 K is not driven by the
dilution-induced defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 932 </DOCNO>
A Measure of data-collapse for scaling


  Data-collapse is a way of establishing scaling and extracting associated
exponents in problems showing self-similar or self-affine characteristics as
e.g. in equilibrium or non-equilibrium phase transitions, in critical phases,
in dynamics of complex systems and many others. We propose a measure to
quantify the nature of data collapse. Via a minimization of this measure, the
exponents and their error-bars can be obtained. The procedure is illustrated by
considering finite-size-scaling near phase transitions and quite strikingly
recovering the exact exponents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1856 </DOCNO>
Steady state quantum mechanics of thermally relaxing systems


  A theoretical description of quantum mechanical steady states is developed.
Applications for simple quantum mechanical systems described in terms of
coupled level structures yield a formulation equivalent to time independent
scattering theory. Applications to steady states of thermally relaxing systems
leads to time independent scattering theory in Liouville space that is
equivalent to the tetradic Green's function formalism. It provides however a
direct route to derive particular forms of the Liouville equation applicable in
steady state situations. The theory is applied to study the conduction
properties in the super-exchange model of a metal-molecule-metal contact weakly
coupled to the thermal environment. The energy resolved temperature dependent
transmission probability, as well as its coherent (tunneling) and incoherent
(activated) parts, are calculated using the Redfield approximation. These
components depend differently on the energy gap (or barrier), on the
temperature and on the bridge length. The coherent component is most important
at low temperatures, large energy gaps and small chain lengths. The incoherent
component dominates in the opposite limits. The integrated transmission
provides a generalization of the Landauer conduction formula for small
junctions in the presence of thermal relaxation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124750 </DOCNO>
Proton Cyclotron Features in Thermal Spectra of Ultra-magnetized Neutron


  A great deal of interest has been recently raised in connection with the
possibility that soft $\gamma$-ray repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars
(AXPs) contain {\em magnetars}, young neutron stars endowed with magnetic
fields $\gtrsim 10^{14}$ G. In this paper we calculate thermal spectra from
ultra-magnetized neutron stars for values of the luminosity and magnetic field
believed to be relevant to SGRs and AXPs. Emergent spectra are found to be very
close to a blackbody at the star effective temperature and exhibit a
distinctive absorption feature at the proton cyclotron energy $E_{c,p}\simeq
0.63 (B/10^{14} {\rm G})$ keV. The proton cyclotron features (PCFs) are
conspicuous (equivalent width of up to many hundreds eV) and relatively broad
($\Delta E/E \sim 0.05-0.2$). The detection of the PCFs is well within the
capabilities of present X-ray spectrometers, like the HETGS and METGS on board
Chandra. Their observation might provide decisive evidence in favor of the
existence of magnetars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148672 </DOCNO>
Bianchi type I space and the stability of inflationary


  Stability analysis of the Bianchi type I universe in pure gravity theory is
studied in details. We first derive the non-redundant field equation of the
system by introducing the generalized Bianchi type I metric. This non-redundant
equation reduces to the Friedmann equation in the isotropic limit. It is shown
further that any unstable mode of the isotropic perturbation with respect to a
de Sitter background is also unstable with respect to anisotropic
perturbations. Implications to the choice of physical theories are discussed in
details in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125251 </DOCNO>
One Mass-Radius relation for Planets, White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars


  We produce the simple formula for the radius R of a cold body of mass M,
  (4 pi rho/3)^{1/3} R = I.M^{1/3} / [1+ (M/Mp)^{2/3}], where I is one for
white dwarfs with non-relativistic electrons, but depends on the ratio of the
total mass to Mch, the Chandrasekhar mass. Mp is the mass of the planet of
maximum radius and rho is the density of the material at low pressure. Mp and
rho are derived in terms of fundamental constants and Mp/Mch is basically given
by the three halves power of the fine structure constant. The aim of the
discussion is to emphasise physical principles and to connect the masses
derived to the fundamental constants, so mathematical niceties are sacrificed
and replaced by interpolations between simple exact limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86044 </DOCNO>
Two Black Hole Holography, Lensing and Intensity


  We numerically verify the analysis of the "expanding horizon" theory of
Susskind in relation to the 't Hooft holographic conjecture. By using a
numerical simulation to work out the image formed by two black holes upon a
screen very far away, it is seen that it is impossible for a horizon to hide
behind another. We also compute the intensity distribution of such an
arrangement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75522 </DOCNO>
Chiral dynamics and the reactions pp \to d K^+ \bar{K}^0 and pp \to d


  We perform a study of the final state interactions of the K^+ \bar{K^0} and
the \bar{K^0}d systems in the reactions pp \to d K^+ \bar{K^0} and pp \to d
\pi^+ \eta. Since the two-meson system couples strongly to the a_0(980)
resonance, these reactions are expected to be an additional source of
information about the controversial scalar sector. We also show that these
reactions present peculiar features which can shed additional light on the much
debated meson-baryon scalar sector with strangeness -1. We deduce the general
structure of the amplitudes close to the d K^+\bar{K}^0 threshold, allowing for
primary K^+ \bar{K^0} as well as \pi^+\eta production with the two mesons in
relative S- or P-wave. The interactions of the mesons are accounted for by
using chiral unitary techniques, which generate dynamically the a_0(980)
resonance, and the \bar{K^0}d interaction is also taken into account. General
formulae are derived that allow to incorporate the final state interactions in
these systems for any model of the production mechanism. We illustrate this
approach by considering two specific production mechanisms based on three
flavor meson-baryon chiral perturbation theory. It is demonstrated that in this
scenario the \bar{K^0}d interactions are very important and can change the
cross section by as much as one order of magnitude. The amount of \pi^+\eta
versus K^+ \bar{K^0} production is shown to depend critically on the primary
mixture of the two mechanisms, with large interference effects due to final
state interactions. These effects are also shown to occur in the event
distributions of invariant masses which are drastically modified by the final
state interactions of the two-meson or the \bar{K}d system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2246 </DOCNO>
Thermal Conductivity near H_c2 for spin-triplet superconducting States


  We calculate the thermal conductivity kappa in magnetic fields near H_c2 for
spin-triplet superconducting states with line nodes vertical and horizontal
relative to the RuO_2-planes. The method for calculating the Green's functions
takes into account the spatial variation of the order parameter and
superconducting flow for the Abrikosov vortex lattice. For in-plane magnetic
field we obtain variations of the in-plane kappa with two-fold symmetry as a
function of rotation angle where the minima and maxima occur for field
directions parallel and perpendicular to the heat flow. The amplitude of the
variation decreases with increasing impurity scattering and temperature. At
higher temperatures the minima and maxima of the variation are interchanged.
Since the results for vertical and horizontal line nodes are almost the same we
cannot say which of the two pairing models is more compatible with recent
measurements of kappa in Sr_2RuO_4. The observed four-fold modulation of kappa
in YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-\delta) is obtained for d-wave pairing by taking into account
the particular shape of the Fermi surface and the finite temperature effect.
The results for kappa for the f-wave pairing state with horizontal line nodes
disagree in some respects with the measurements on UPt_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73846 </DOCNO>
Chiral phase in fermionic measure and the resolution of the strong CP


  The fermionic measure in the functional integral of a gauge theory suffers
from an ambiguity in the form of a chiral phase. By fixing it, one is led once
again to the conclusion that a chiral phase in the quark mass term of QCD has
no effect and cannot cause CP violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123932 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Power Spectrum in Non-Gaussian Models


  Evolution of power spectrum is studied for non-Gaussian models of structure
formation. We generalize the dark-matter-approach to these models and find that
the evolved spectrum at weakly nonlinear regime is mainly determined by a
simple integral of the dark-matter-halo mass function in this approach.
  We also study the change of the nonlinear spectrum within the current
observational constraint of the primordial non-Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3867 </DOCNO>
Crystallographic Method for Exact Describing Quasicrystal Structures


  In this paper the problem of the theory of a quasicrystal structures - the
determination of coordinates of each atom of quasicrystal in analytical form -
is solved. Within the framework of the proposed model a periodic crystal can be
presented as a particular case of a quasicrystal. The simple and explicit
analytical formulas which describe the location of each atom in a quasicrystal
are given. The exact solutions for Penrose and Ammann-Beenker quasicrystal
structures are given. On the basis of the analytical formulas the routines are
created. The routines are inserted directly into graphical files generating the
quasiperiodic structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127651 </DOCNO>
Iron line profiles from black hole accretion discs with spiral velocity


  We calculate the iron line profiles from accretion discs with spiral velocity
structures around Schwarzschild black holes. We find that quasi-periodic bumps
appear in the the profiles, thereby providing a test for spiral wave patterns.
This study is motivated by recent work showing that spiral density waves can
result from MHD instabilities even in non-self-gravitating discs, and by
improved spectral resolution of forthcoming X-ray missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96549 </DOCNO>
A Tangential Markov Inequality on Exponential Curves


  We show that on the curves y=e^{t(x)} where t(x) is a fixed polynomial, there
holds a tangential Markov inequality of exponent four. Specifically, for the
real interval [a,b] there is a constant C such that max_{x\in
[a,b]}|\frac{d}{dx}P(x,e^{t(x)})|\leq C(deg(P))^{4} max_{x\in
[a,b]}|P(x,e^{t(x)})| for all bivariate polynomials P(x,y).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72924 </DOCNO>
Nearly Bi-Maximal Neutrino Mixing, Muon g-2 Anomaly and


  We interpret the newly observed muon g-2 anomaly in the framework of a
leptonic Higgs doublet model with nearly degenerate neutrino masses and nearly
bi-maximal neutrino mixing. Useful constraints are obtained on the rates of
lepton-flavor-violating rare decays $\tau \to \mu \gamma$, $\mu \to e \gamma$
and $\tau \to e \gamma$ as well as the $\mu$-$e$ conversion ratio $R_{\mu e}$.
We find that $\Gamma (\mu \to e \gamma)$, $\Gamma (\tau \to e \gamma)$ and
$R_{\mu e}$ depend crucially on possible non-zero but samll values of the
neutrino mixing matrix element $V_{e3}$, and they are also sensitive to the
Dirac-type CP-violating phase. In particular, we show that $\Gamma (\tau \to
\mu \gamma)/m^5_\tau$, $\Gamma (\mu \to e \gamma)/m^5_\mu$ and $\Gamma (\tau
\to e \gamma)/m^5_\tau$ are approximately in the ratio $1: 2|V_{e3}|^2:
2|V_{e3}|^2$ if $|V_{e3}|$ is much larger than ${\cal O}(10^{-2})$, and in the
ratio $2 (\Delta m^2_{\rm atm})^2: (\Delta m^2_{\rm sun})^2:(\Delta m^2_{\rm
sun})^2$ if $|V_{e3}|$ is much lower than ${\cal O}(10^{-3})$, where $\Delta
m^2_{\rm atm}$ and $\Delta m^2_{\rm sun}$ are the corresponding mass-squared
differences of atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95730 </DOCNO>
Some New Applications of Weyl's Multipolarization Operators


  In Weyl's "The Classical Groups", he introduces some some remarkable
differential operators, which he calls "quasi-compositions" of the polarization
operators Dij. In the present paper, an equivalent combinatorial formulation is
obtained for these operators, and is then used to obtain explicit formulas for
the differentials in certain complexes (constucted by Zelevinsky, and further
studied by Verma, Akin et al.) which furnish higher syzygies for the Pluecker
equations, and also for the defining relations for Weyl modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 894 </DOCNO>
Compressibility and Electronic Structure of MgB2 up to 8 GPa


  The lattice parameters of MgB2 up to pressures of 8 GPa were determined using
high-resolution x-ray powder diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. The bulk
modulus, B0, was determined to be 151 +-5 GPa. Both experimental and
first-principles calculations indicate nearly isotropic mechanical behavior
under pressure. This small anisotropy is in contrast to the 2 dimensional
nature of the boron pi states. The pressure dependence of the density of states
at the Fermi level and a reasonable value for the average phonon frequency
account within the context of BCS theory for the reduction of Tc under
pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95672 </DOCNO>
Intersection cohomology of quotients of nonsingular varieties


  The purpose of this paper is to provide a way to compute the intersection
cohomology of the GIT quotient of a nonsingular projective variety. We show
that the middle perversity intersection cohomology of the GIT quotient $M//G$
is naturally embedded into the $G$ equivariant cohomology of $M^{ss}$ under an
assumption satisfied by many interesting spaces. This embedding enables us to
compute the intersection pairing in terms of the cup product structure of the
equivariant cohomology ring. We also show that the image is a subspace defined
by truncation. Overall, we can compute the intersection cohomology as a graded
vector space with a nondegenerate pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98062 </DOCNO>
Rational curves and rational singularities


  We study rational curves on algebraic varieties, especially on normal affine
varieties endowed with a $\C^*$-action. For varieties with an isolated
singularity, we show that the presence of sufficiently many rational curves
outside the singular point strongly affects the character of the singularity.
This provides an explanation of classical results due to H.A. Schwartz and G.H.
Halphen on polynomial solutions of the generalized Fermat equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 601 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Density of States of Disordered Two-Dimensional Crystals


  In a recent letter (PRL 84, 3930 (2000)) Nakhmedov et al. claimed that the
Van Hove singularity at $\epsilon=0$ in the density of states (DoS) of the
two-dimensional crystal with half-filled tight-binding band survives the
addition of substitutional impurities. This derivation suffers from several
inconsistencies. We resolve them and show that the DoS at the band center is
finite, as one might naively expect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97822 </DOCNO>
Chromatic characteristic classes in ordinary group cohomology


  We study a family of subrings, indexed by the natural numbers, of the mod-p
cohomology of a finite group G. These subrings are based on a family of
v_n-periodic complex oriented cohomology theories and are constructed as rings
of generalised characteristic classes. We identify the varieties associated to
these subrings in terms of colimits over categories of elementary abelian
subgroups of G, naturally interpolating between the work of Quillen on
var(H^*(BG)), the variety of the whole cohomology ring, and that of Green and
Leary on the variety of the Chern subring, var(Ch(G)). Our subrings give rise
to a "chromatic" (co)filtration, which has both topological and algebraic
definitions, of var(H^*(BG)) whose final quotient is the variety var(Ch(G)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6647 </DOCNO>
Preparation and Characterization of Homogeneous YBCO Single Crystals


  High-purity and homogeneous YBa2Cu3Oy single crystals with carrier doping
level near the AFM-SC boundary have been obtained in the oxygen content range
between y = 6.340 and 6.370. The crystals are ortho-II phase at room
temperature and undergo the orthorhombic to tetragonal transition at about
140_Degree_C. They show sharp superconducting transitions, with Tc between 4
and 20 K. Tc changes by 0.8 K when the oxygen content y is changed by 0.001,
and is also sensitive to annealing conditions near room temperature, due to the
dependence of doping on oxygen ordering correlation lengths. Crystals with
oxygen content y lower than 6.345 are non-superconducting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128489 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies


  Cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies have and will
continue to revolutionize our understanding of cosmology. The recent discovery
of the previously predicted acoustic peaks in the power spectrum has
established a working cosmological model: a critical density universe
consisting of mainly dark matter and dark energy, which formed its structure
through gravitational instability from quantum fluctuations during an
inflationary epoch. Future observations should test this model and measure its
key cosmological parameters with unprecedented precision. The phenomenology and
cosmological implications of the acoustic peaks are developed in detail. Beyond
the peaks, the yet to be detected secondary anisotropies and polarization
present opportunities to study the physics of inflation and the dark energy.
The analysis techniques devised to extract cosmological information from
voluminous CMB data sets are outlined, given their increasing importance in
experimental cosmology as a whole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95569 </DOCNO>
Approximate rational arithmetics and arbitrary precision computations


  We describe an approximate rational arithmetic with round-off errors (both
absolute and relative) controlled by the user. The rounding procedure is based
on the continued fraction expansion of real numbers. Results of computer
experiments are given in order to compare efficiency and accuracy of different
types of approximate arithmetics and rounding procedures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85846 </DOCNO>
Perturbed Friedmann cosmologies filled with dust and radiation


  An infinite number of perturbed k=0 Friedmann cosmologies filled with dust
and radiation is found. As we go up the sequence, the solutions contain an
increasing number of integration functions. With the coordinate gauge adopted
to co-move with the perturbed matter, the solution of a pair of coupled
equations for the trace h of the metric perturbations and for the radiation
density perturbations \delta\rho_r is the key to the problem. An estimate is
given of the temperature variation of the cosmic microwave background radiation
due to the Sachs-Wolfe effect. It is found that the temperature fluctuations
can grow faster than in the absence of radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2527 </DOCNO>
An inventory of Lattice Boltzmann models of multiphase flows


  This document reports investigations of models of multiphase flows using
Lattice Boltzmann methods. The emphasis is on deriving by Chapman-Enskog
techniques the corresponding macroscopic equations. The singular interface
(Young-Laplace-Gauss) model is described briefly, with a discussion of its
limitations. The diffuse interface theory is discussed in more detail, and
shown to lead to the singular interface model in the proper asymptotic limit.
The Lattice Boltzmann method is presented in its simplest form appropriate for
an ideal gas. Four different Lattice Boltzmann models for non-ideal
(multi-phase) isothermal flows are then presented in detail, and the resulting
macroscopic equations derived. Partly in contradiction with the published
literature, it is found that only one of the models gives physically fully
acceptable equations. The form of the equation of state for a multiphase system
in the density interval above the coexistance line determines surface tension
and interface thickness in the diffuse interface theory. The use of this
relation for optimizing a numerical model is discussed. The extension of
Lattice Boltzmann methods to the non-isothermal situation is discussed
summarily.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 28 </DOCNO>
Solidification in a channel


  We simulate solidification in a narrow channel through the use of a
phase-field model with an adaptive grid. In different regimes, we find that the
solid can grow in fingerlike steady-state shapes, or become unstable,
exhibiting unsteady growth. At low melt undercoolings, we find good agreement
between our results, theoretical predictions, and experiment. For high
undercoolings, we report evidence for a new stable steady-state finger shape
which exists in experimentally accessible ranges for typical materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113809 </DOCNO>
Sensitive Absolute Gravity Gradiometry Using Atom Interferometry


  We report the demonstration of a sensitive absolute gravity gradiometer based
on light-pulse atom interference techniques. The gradiometer consists of two
absolute accelerometers operated in a differential mode. We report a
differential acceleration sensitivity of 4e-9 g/Hz^(1/2) and an inferred
differential acceleration accuracy of less than 1e-9 g. This corresponds to a
gravity gradient sensitivity of 4 E/Hz^(1/2) [1 E = 1e-9 s^(-2)] and an
accuracy of better than 1 E for a 10 m separation between accelerometers. We
demonstrate that the instrument can be used to detect nearby masses in a
vibrationally noisy environment and characterize instrument sensitivity to
spurious acceleration and rotation noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168136 </DOCNO>
Peculiarities of the Weyl - Wigner - Moyal formalism for scalar charged


  A description of scalar charged particles, based on the Feshbach-Villars
formalism, is proposed. Particles are described by an object that is a Wigner
function in usual coordinates and momenta and a density matrix in the charge
variable. It is possible to introduce the usual Wigner function for a large
class of dynamical variables. Such an approach explicitly contains a measuring
device frame. From our point of view it corresponds to the Copenhagen
interpretation of quantum mechanics. It is shown how physical properties of
such particles depend on the definition of the coordinate operator. The
evolution equation for the Wigner function of a single-charge state in the
classical limit coincides with the Liouville equation. Localization
peculiarities manifest themselves in specific constraints on possible initial
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6922 </DOCNO>
Large N study of extreme type II superconductors in a magnetic field


  The large N analysis of an extreme type II superconductor is revisited. It is
found that the phase transition is of second-order in dimensions 4 < d < 6. For
the physical dimension d=3 no sign of phase transition is found, contrary to
early claims.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2623 </DOCNO>
Scale Invariance of the PNG Droplet and the Airy Process


  We establish that the static height fluctuations of a particular growth
model, the PNG droplet, converges upon proper rescaling to a limit process,
which we call the Airy process, A(y). The Airy process is stationary, it has
continuous sample paths, its single "time" (fixed y) distribution is the
Tracy-Widom distribution of the largest eigenvalue of a GUE random matrix, and
the Airy process has a slow decay of correlations as y^(-2). Roughly the Airy
process describes the last line of Dyson's Brownian motion model for random
matrices. Our construction uses a multi--layer version of the PNG model, which
can be analyzed through fermionic techniques. Specializing our result to a
fixed value of y, one reobtains the celebrated result of Baik, Deift, and
Johansson on the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random
permutation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5582 </DOCNO>
Single Spin Dynamics and Decoherence in a Quantum Dot via Charge


  We investigate the spin dynamics of a quantum dot with a spin-1/2 ground
state in the Coulomb blockade regime and in the presence of a magnetic rf field
leading to electron spin resonances (ESR). We show that by coupling the dot to
leads, spin properties on the dot can be accessed via the charge current in the
stationary and non-stationary limit. We present a microscopic derivation of the
current and the master equation of the dot using superoperators, including
contributions to decoherence and energy shifts due to the tunnel coupling. We
give a detailed analysis of sequential and co-tunneling currents, for linearly
and circularly oscillating ESR fields, applied in cw and pulsed mode. We show
that the sequential tunneling current exhibits a spin satellite peak whose
linewidth gives a lower bound on the decoherence time T_2 of the dot-spin.
Similarly, the spin decoherence can be accessed also in the cotunneling regime
via ESR induced spin flips. We show that the conductance ratio of the spin
satellite peak and the conventional peak due to sequential tunneling saturates
at the universal conductance ratio of 0.71 for strong ESR fields. We describe a
double-dot setup which generates spin dependent tunneling and acts as a current
pump (at zero bias), and as a spin inverter which inverts the spin-polarization
of the current. We show that Rabi oscillations of the dot-spin induce coherent
oscillations in the time-dependent current. These oscillations are observable
in the time-averaged current as function of ESR pulse-duration, and they allow
one to access the spin coherence directly in the time domain. We analyze the
measurement and read-out process of the dot-spin via currents in spin-polarized
leads and identify measurement time and efficiency by calculating the counting
statistics, noise, and the Fano factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113606 </DOCNO>
A Proposed New Test of General Relativity and a Possible Solution to the


  Following a conjecture of Feynman, we explore the possibility that only those
energy forms that are associated with (massive or massless) particles couple to
the gravitational field, but not others. We propose an experiment to deflect
electrons by a small charged sphere to determine if the standard general
relativity or this modified one corresponds to reality. The outcome of this
experiment may also solve the cosmological constant problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124705 </DOCNO>
A Bow Shock Nebula Around a Compact X-Ray Source in the Supernova


  We present spectra and high resolution images of the hard X-ray feature along
the southern edge of the supernova remnant IC443. Data from the Chandra X-ray
Observatory reveal a comet-shaped nebula of hard emission, which contains a
softer point source at its apex. We also present 20cm, 6cm, and 3.5cm images
from the Very Large Array that clearly show the cometary nebula. Based on the
radio and X-ray morphology and spectrum, and the radio polarization properties,
we argue that this object is a synchrotron nebula powered by the compact source
that is physically associated with IC443. The spectrum of the soft point source
is adequately but not uniquely fit by a black body model (kT=0.71 +/- 0.08 keV,
L=(6.5 +/- 0.9) * 10^31 erg/s). The cometary morphology of the nebula is the
result of the supersonic motion of the neutron star (V_NS=250 +/- 50 km/s),
which causes the relativistic wind of the pulsar to terminate in a bow shock
and trail behind as a synchrotron tail. This velocity is consistent with an age
of 30,000 years for the SNR and its associated neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168290 </DOCNO>
Performance of Photon-Pair Quantum Key Distribution Systems


  We analyze the quantitative improvement in performance provided by a novel
quantum key distribution (QKD) system that employs a correlated photon source
(CPS) and a photon-number resolving detector (PNR). Our calculations suggest
that given current technology, the CPR implementation offers an improvement of
several orders of magnitude in secure bit rate over previously described
implementations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124669 </DOCNO>
Stability of Accretion Disks in Presence of Nucleosynthesis


  We study the effect of nuclear reaction on a thin, axisymmetric,
differentially rotating, inviscid, steady accretion flow around a black hole
from an analytical point of view. We find that for most of the reasonable disk
parameters, when $p-p$-reaction, dissociation of deuterium and helium are taken
into account, the transonic region of the disk continues to have the inner
sonic point and if the temperature of the flow at the injection sonic point
could be raised (by say, some heating processes) the flow would to pass through
this inner sonic point. Otherwise, the flow may be unstable. We use the sonic
point analysis to study the solution. In the rest of the disk parameters the
inner sonic point is absent altogether and the flow will definitely be
unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168898 </DOCNO>
Robustness of adiabatic quantum computation


  We study the fault tolerance of quantum computation by adiabatic evolution, a
quantum algorithm for solving various combinatorial search problems. We
describe an inherent robustness of adiabatic computation against two kinds of
errors, unitary control errors and decoherence, and we study this robustness
using numerical simulations of the algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124517 </DOCNO>
IC 10: More evidence that it is a blue compact dwarf


  We present optical spectroscopy of H {\sc ii} regions in the Local Group
galaxy IC 10 and $UBVR$ photometry of foreground stars in three fields towards
this galaxy. From these data, we find that the foreground reddening due to the
Milky Way is $E(B-V)=0.77\pm 0.07 \mathrm{mag}$. We find that IC 10 contains
considerable internal dust, which qualitatively explains the variety of
reddening values found by studies of its different stellar populations. Based
upon our foreground reddening, IC 10 has intrinsic photometric properties like
those of a blue compact dwarf galaxy, and not those of a dwarf irregular. This
result is consistent with much evidence that IC 10 is in the throes of a
starburst that began at least $10 \mathrm{Myr}$ ago. We also report the
discovery of a new WR star in the H {\sc ii} region HL111c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129222 </DOCNO>
Measuring CMB polarisation with the Planck HFI


  We describe the Planck HFI design and expected performances for measuring CMB
polarisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72743 </DOCNO>
Lower bound to the mass of a relativistic three-boson system in the


  The lower bound masses of the ground-state relativistic three-boson system in
1+1, 2+1 and 3+1 space-time dimensions are obtained. We have considered a
reduction of the ladder Bethe-Salpeter equation to the light-front in a model
with renormalized two-body contact interaction. The lower bounds are deduced
with the constraint of reality of the two-boson subsystem mass. It is verified
that, in some cases, the lower bound approaches the ground state binding
energy. The corresponding non-relativistic limits are also verified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 362 </DOCNO>
Energy Spectrum of a Relativistic Two-dimensional Hydrogen-like Atom in


  We compute, via a variational mixed-base method, the energy spectrum of a two
dimensional relativistic atom in the presence of a constant magnetic field of
arbitrary strength. The results are compared to those obtained in the
non-relativistic and spinless case. We find that the relativistic spectrum does
not present $s$ states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 266 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport in 2D lateral superlattices with smooth disorder:


  Commensurability oscillations in the magnetoresistivity of a two-dimensional
electron gas in a two-dimensional lateral superlattice are studied in the
framework of quasiclassical transport theory. It is assumed that the impurity
scattering is of small-angle nature characteristic for currently fabricated
high-mobility heterostructures. The shape of the modulation-induced
magnetoresistivity $\Delta\rho_{xx}$ depends on the value of the parameter
$\gamma\equiv \eta^2 ql/4$, where $\eta$ and $q$ are the strength and the wave
vector of the modulation, and $l$ is the transport mean free path. For
$\gamma\ll 1$, the oscillations are described, in the regime of not too strong
magnetic fields $B$, by perturbation theory in $\eta$ as applied earlier to the
case of one-dimensional modulation. At stronger fields, where $\Delta\rho_{xx}$
becomes much larger than the Drude resistivity, the transport takes the
advection-diffusion form (Rayleigh-B\'enard convection cell) with a large
P\'eclet number, implying a much slower ($\propto B^{3/4}$) increase of the
oscillation amplitude with $B$. If $\gamma\gg 1$, the transport at low $B$ is
dominated by the modulation-induced chaos (rather than by disorder). The
magnetoresistivity drops exponentially and the commensurability oscillations
start to develop at the magnetic fields where the motion takes the form of the
adiabatic drift. Conditions of applicability, the role of the type of disorder,
and the feasibility of experimental observation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148100 </DOCNO>
Reduction of a Class of Three-Loop Vacuum Diagrams to Tetrahedron


  We obtain finite parts (as well as $\epsilon$-pole parts) of massive
three-loop vacuum diagrams with three-point and/or four-point interaction
vertices by reducing them to tetrahedron diagrams with both massive and
massless lines, whose finite parts were given analytically in a recent paper by
Broadhurst. In the procedure of reduction, the method of integration-by-parts
recurrence relations is employed. We use our result to compute the $\bar{\rm
MS}$ effective potential of the massive $\phi^4$ theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96114 </DOCNO>
The Boosts in the Noncommutative Special Relativity


  From the quantum analog of the Iwasawa decomposition of $SL(2,C)$ group and
the correspondence between quantum $SL(2,C)$ and Lorentz groups we deduce the
different properties of the Hopf algebra representing the boost of particles in
noncommutative special relativity. The representation of the boost in the
Hilbert space states is investigated and the addition rules of the velocities
are established from the coaction. The q-deformed Clebsch-Gordon coefficients
descibing the transformed states of the evolution of particles in
noncommutative special relativity are introduced and their explicit calculation
are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41190 </DOCNO>
Search for Single Top Quark Production at DZero Using Neural Networks


  We present a search for electroweak production of single top quarks in ~90
pb^-1 of data collected with the DZero detector at the Fermilab Tevatron
collider. Using arrays of neural networks to separate signals from backgrounds,
we set upper limits on the cross sections of 17 pb for the s-channel process
ppbar->tb+X, and 22 pb for the t-channel process ppbar->tqb+X, both at the 95%
confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127128 </DOCNO>
Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics with Laser Guide Stars


  The Laser Guide Star Facility for the VLT will be commissioned during 2003.
This, of course, can only be the first step towards enhancing the scientific
output of the VLT through adaptive optics. So in this contribution we propose
the development of a laser guide star multi-conjugate adaptive optics system.
We consider geometries for the adaptive optics system, and discuss the
technology needed to project up to 5 laser beacons. The rationale for such a
project is provided by an outline of two primary science drivers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75621 </DOCNO>
A Preliminary Look at the Physics Reach of a Solar Neutrino TPC:


  This paper will discuss the physics reach of a solar neutrino TPC containing
many tons of He4 under high pressure. Particular attention is given to the LMA
and SMA solutions, which are allowed by current data, and which are
characterized by a lack of time-dependent phenomena (either summer-winter or
day-night asymmetries). In this case, the physics of neutrino masses and mixing
is all contained in the energy dependence of the electron neutrino survival
probability, (or in its reciprocal, the electron neutrino disappearance
probability).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149006 </DOCNO>
Quasi gravity in branes


  In contrast with pseudo-gravitational effects that are mathematically
analogous but physically quite distinct from gravity, this presentation deals
with a kind of quasi-gravitational effect that can act in an asymmetrically
moving brane worldsheet in a manner that approximates (and in a crude analysis
might be physically indistinguishable from) the effect that would arise from
genuine gravitation, of ordinary Newtonian type in non-relativistic
applications, and of scalar - tensor (Jordan - Brans - Dicke rather than pure
Einstein) type in relativistic applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168233 </DOCNO>
The Representation of Numbers in Quantum Mechanics


  Earlier work on modular arithmetic of k-ary representations of length L of
the natural numbers in quantum mechanics is extended here to k-ary
representations of all natural numbers, and to integers and rational numbers.
Since the length L is indeterminate, representations of states and operators
using creation and annihilation operators for bosons and fermions are defined.
Emphasis is on definitions and properties of operators corresponding to the
basic operations whose properties are given by the axioms for each type of
number. The importance of the requirement of efficient implementability for
physical models of the axioms is emphasized. Based on this, successor
operations for each value of j corresponding to addition of k^{j-1} if j>0 and
k^{j} if j<0 are defined. It follows from the efficient implementability of
these successors, which is the case for all computers, that implementation of
the addition and multiplication operators, which are defined in terms of
polynomially many iterations of the successors, should be efficient. This is
not the case for definitions based on the successor for j=1 only. This is the
only successor defined in the usual axioms of arithmetic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129142 </DOCNO>
A CS J = 5 -> 4 Mapping Survey Towards High Mass Star Forming Cores


  In this survey we have systematically mapped 63 cloud cores in the CS J = 5
-> 4 line towards a sample of high mass star forming cores with water masers
(Plume et al. 1992, Plume et al. 1997) using the CSO. From the CS spectra and
maps we determine cloud core sizes, virial masses, a mass spectrum, and a
size-linewidth relationship.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98333 </DOCNO>
Abelian covers and isotrivial canonical fibrations


  We classify all the surfaces of general type whose canonical map is composed
with a pencil if they are the quotient of the diagonal action by an Abelian
group acting over the product of two curves. As far as we know all the previous
examples with isotrivial canonical map are very particular cases of our
construction; moreover we find an unexpected action by a group of order 16.
This construction can be easily generalizable to all dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127840 </DOCNO>
Column Density Probability Distribution Functions in Turbulent Molecular


  The one-point statistics of column density distributions of turbulent
molecular cloud models are investigated and compared with observations. In
agreement with the observations, the number N of pixels with surface density S
is distributed exponentially N(S)=exp(-S/S0) in models of driven compressible
supersonic turbulence. However, in contrast to the observations, the
exponential slope defined by S0 is not universal but instead depends strongly
on the adopted rms Mach number and on the smoothing of the data cube. We
demonstrate that this problem can be solved if one restricts the analysis of
the surface density distribution to subregions with sizes equal to the
correlation length of the flow which turns out to be given by the driving
scale. In this case, the column density distributions are universal with a
slope that is in excellent agreement with the observations and independent of
the Mach number or smoothing. The observed molecular clouds therefore are
coherent structures with sizes of order their correlation lengths. Turbulence
inside these clouds must be driven on the largest scales, if at all. Numerical
models of turbulent molecular clouds have to be restricted to cubes with sizes
similar to the correlation lengthscale in order to be compared with
observations. Our results imply that turbulence is generated on scales that are
much larger that the Jeans length. In this case, gravitational collapse cannot
be suppressed and star formation should start in molecular clouds within a
dynamical timescale after their formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114420 </DOCNO>
Corrector Power Supplies with a DAC Resolution up to 24 Bits based on 16


  At BESSY the standard 16 bit resolution of the corrector power supplies was
insufficient for the continous orbit drift correction. A new sophisticated
design of the analog/digital I/O board increases the resolution of the analog
output up to 24 bits without suffering on losses in the long term stability or
the dynamic range of the correctors. This is achieved by a cost-efficient
boarddesign using standard 16 bit DAC devices in an range-overlapping
fine/coarse architecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 848 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of Low-Lying Electronic Excitations of LaMnO_3


  We report on the optical properties of undoped single crystal LaMnO_3, the
parent compound of the colossal magneto-resistive manganites. Near-Normal
incidence reflectance measurements are reported in the frequency range of
20-50,000 cm-1 and in the temperature range 10-300 K. The optical conductivity,
s_1(w), is derived by performing a Kramers-Kronig analysis of the reflectance
data. The far-infrared spectrum of s_1(w) displays the infrared active optical
phonons. We observe a shift of several of the phonon to high frequencies as the
temperature is lowered through the Neel temperature of the sample (T_N = 137
K). The high-frequency s_1(w) is characterized by the onset of absorption near
1.5 eV. This energy has been identified as the threshold for optical
transitions across the Jahn-Teller split e_g levels. The spectral weight of
this feature increases in the low-temperature state. This implies a transfer of
spectral weight from the UV to the visible associated with the paramagnetic to
antiferromagnetic state. We discuss the results in terms of the double exchange
processes that affect the optical processes in this magnetic material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6415 </DOCNO>
Critical structure factors of bilinear fields in O(N)-vector models


  We compute the two-point correlation functions of general quadratic operators
in the high-temperature phase of the three-dimensional O(N) vector model by
using field-theoretical methods. In particular, we study the small- and
large-momentum behavior of the corresponding scaling functions, and give
general interpolation formulae based on a dispersive approach. Moreover, we
determine the crossover exponent $\phi_T$ associated with the traceless
tensorial quadratic field, by computing and analyzing its six-loop perturbative
expansion in fixed dimension. We find: $\phi_T=1.184(12)$,
 $\phi_T=1.271(21)$, and $\phi_T=1.40(4)$ for $N=2,3,5$ respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2977 </DOCNO>
T_c for trapped dilute Bose gases: a second-order result


  For some time, the theoretical result for the transition temperature of a
dilute three-dimensional Bose gas in an arbitrarily wide harmonic trap has been
known to first order in the interaction strength. We extend that result to
second order. The first-order result for a gas trapped in a harmonic potential
can be computed in mean field theory (in contrast to the first order result for
a uniform gas, which cannot). We show that, at second order, perturbation
theory suffices for relating the transition temperature to the chemical
potential at the transition, but the chemical potential is non-perturbative at
the desired order. The necessary information about the chemical potential can
be extracted, however, from recent lattice simulations of uniform Bose gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168826 </DOCNO>
Supercatalysis


  We show that entanglement-assisted transformations of bipartite entangled
states can be more efficient than catalysis [D. Jonathan and M. B. Plenio,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3566 (1999)}, i.e., given two incomparable bipartite
states not only can the transformation be enabled by performing collective
operations with an auxiliary entangled state, but the entanglement of the
auxiliary state itself can be enhanced. We refer to this phenomenon as
supercatalysis. We provide results on the properties of supercatalysis and its
relationship with catalysis. In particular, we obtain a useful necessary and
sufficient condition for catalysis, provide several sufficient conditions for
supercatalysis and study the extent to which entanglement of the auxiliary
state can be enhanced via supercatalysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97601 </DOCNO>
Characterizations of the automorphisms of Hilbert space effect algebras


  In this paper we characterize the automorphisms of Hilbert space effect
algebras by means of their preserving properties which concern certain
relations and quantities appearing in quantum measurement theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99249 </DOCNO>
Kato's conductor and generic residual perfection


  Let A be a complete discrete valuation ring with possibly imperfect residue
field, and let $\chi$ be a one-dimensional Galois representation over A. I show
that the non-logarithmic variant of Kato's Swan conductor is the same for
$\chi$ and the pullback of $\chi$ to the generic residual perfection of A. This
implies the conductor from "Conductors and the moduli of residual perfection"
(math.NT/0112305) extends the non-logarithmic variant of Kato's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129297 </DOCNO>
The New Mexico alpha-omega Dynamo Experiment: Modeling Astrophysical


  A magnetic dynamo experiment is under construction at the New Mexico
Institute of Mining and Technology. The experiment is designed to demonstrate
in the laboratory the alpha-omega magnetic dynamo, which is believed to operate
in many rotating and conducting astrophysical objects. The experiment uses the
Couette flow of liquid sodium between two cylinders rotating with different
angular velocities to model the omega-effect. The alpha-effect is created by
the rising and expanding jets of liquid sodium driven through a pair of
orifices in the end plates of the cylindrical vessel, presumably simulating
plumes driven by buoyancy in astrophysical objects. The water analog of the
dynamo device has been constructed and the flow necessary for the dynamo has
been demonstrated. Results of the numerical simulations of the kinematic dynamo
are presented. The toroidal field produced by the omega-effect is predicted to
be B_{\phi} \simeq (R_m/2\pi) B_{poloidal}\simeq 20 \times B_{poloidal} for the
expected magnetic Reynolds number of R_m \sim 120. The critical rate of jets
necessary for the dynamo self-excitation is predicted from the calculations to
be a pair of plumes every 4 revolutions of the outer cylinder. For reasonable
technical limitations on the strength of materials and the power of the drive,
the self-excitation of the dynamo appears to be feasible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72404 </DOCNO>
On the large-s behavior of total cross sections in perturbative QCD


  Reported is a factorization theorem for large-s behavior of total cross
sections obtained in a straightforward fashion from ordinary perturbation
theory. The theorem extends the standard factorization results for the Bjorken
and Drell-Yan processes. The obtaining of useful evolution equations is found
to be problematic. A by-product is a direct method for systematic calculations
of the parton evolution kernels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40781 </DOCNO>
The muon anomalous magnetic moment and a new light gauge boson


  It is shown that the 2.6 $\sigma$ discrepancy between the predicted and
recently measured value of the anomalous magnetic moment of positive muons
could be explained by the existence of a new light gauge boson X with a mass
$M_X \leq O(5) GeV$. Phenomenological bounds on the X coupling are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113380 </DOCNO>
Alfven Wave Generation by means of High Orbital Injection of Barium


  An analysis of the Alfven wave generation associated with the barium vapor
release at altitudes ~ 5.2 Earth's radii (ER) in the magnetosphere is
presented. Such injections were executed in G-8 and G-10 experiments of the
Combined Radiation and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) mission. It is shown
that the generation of Alfven waves is possible during the total time of plasma
expansion. The maximum intensity of these waves corresponds to the time of
complete retardation of the diamagnetic cavity created by the expansion of
plasma cloud. The Alfven wave exhibits a form of an impulse with an effective
frequency ~ 0.03-0.05 Hz. Due to the background conditions and wave frequency,
the wave mainly oscillates along the geomagnetic field between the mirror
reflection points situated at ~ 0.7 ER. The wave amplitude is sufficient to the
generation of plasma instabilities and longitudinal electric field, and to an
increase in the longitudinal energy of electrons to ~ 1 keV. These processes
are the most probable for altitudes ~ 1 ER. The auroral kilometric radiation
(AKR) at frequencies ~ 100 kHz is associated with these accelerated electrons.
The acceleration of electrons and AKR can be observed almost continuously
during the first minute and then from time to time with pauses about 35-40 s
till 6-8 min after the release. The betatron acceleration of electrons at the
recovery of the geomagnetic field is also discussed. This mechanism could be
responsible for the acceleration of electrons resulting in the aurorae and
ultra short radio wave storm at frequencies 50-300 MHz observed at the 8-10th
min after the release.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6297 </DOCNO>
Interface optical phonons in spheroidal dots: Raman selection rules


  The contribution of interface phonons to the first order Raman scattering in
nanocrystals with non spherical geometry is analyzed. Interface optical phonons
in the spheroidal geometry are discussed and the corresponding Frohlich-like
electron-phonon interaction is reported in the framework of the dielectric
continuum approach. It is shown that the interface phonon modes are strongly
dependent on the nanocrystal geometry, particularly on the ellipsoid's
semi-axis ratio. The new Raman selection rules have revealed that solely
interface phonon modes with even angular momentum are allowed to contribute to
the first order phonon-assisted scattering of light. On this basis we are able
to give an explanation for the observed low frequency shoulders present in the
Raman cross-section of several II-VI semiconductor nanostructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174659 </DOCNO>
Isotopic Scaling in Nuclear Reactions


  A three parameter scaling relationship between isotopic distributions for
elements with Z$\leq 8$ has been observed that allows a simple description of
the dependence of such distributions on the overall isospin of the system. This
scaling law (termed iso-scaling) applies for a variety of reaction mechanisms
that are dominated by phase space, including evaporation, multifragmentation
and deeply inelastic scattering. The origins of this scaling behavior for the
various reaction mechanisms are explained. For multifragmentation processes,
the systematics is influenced by the density dependence of the asymmetry term
of the equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98856 </DOCNO>
Almost contact manifolds and type II string equations


  We classify locally homogeneous quasi-Sasakian manifolds in dimension five
that admit a parallel spinor $\psi$ of algebraic type $F \cdot \psi = 0$ with
respect to the unique connection $\nabla$ preserving the quasi-Sasakian
structure and with totally skew-symmetric torsion. We introduce a certain
conformal transformation of almost contact metric manifolds and discuss a link
between them and the dilation function in 5-dimensional string theory. We find
natural conditions implying conformal invariances of parallel spinors. We
present topological obstructions to the existence of parallel spinors in the
compact case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4794 </DOCNO>
A Quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for non-local corrections to the


  We present the algorithmic details of the dynamical cluster approximation
(DCA), with a quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method used to solve the effective
cluster problem. The DCA is a fully-causal approach which systematically
restores non-local correlations to the dynamical mean field approximation
(DMFA) while preserving the lattice symmetries. The DCA becomes exact for an
infinite cluster size, while reducing to the DMFA for a cluster size of unity.
We present a generalization of the Hirsch-Fye QMC algorithm for the solution of
the embedded cluster problem. We use the two-dimensional Hubbard model to
illustrate the performance of the DCA technique. At half-filling, we show that
the DCA drives the spurious finite-temperature antiferromagnetic transition
found in the DMFA slowly towards zero temperature as the cluster size
increases, in conformity with the Mermin-Wagner theorem. Moreover, we find that
there is a finite temperature metal to insulator transition which persists into
the weak-coupling regime. This suggests that the magnetism of the model is
Heisenberg like for all non-zero interactions. Away from half-filling, we find
that the sign problem that arises in QMC simulations is significantly less
severe in the context of DCA. Hence, we were able to obtain good statistics for
small clusters. For these clusters, the DCA results show evidence of non-Fermi
liquid behavior and superconductivity near half-filling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149202 </DOCNO>
Brane World in a Topological Black Holes in Asymptotically Flat


  We study static brane configurations in the bulk background of the
topological black holes in asymptotically flat spacetime. We find that such
configurations are possible even for flat black hole horizon, unlike the AdS
black hole case. We construct the brane world model with an orbifold structure
S^1/Z_2 in such bulk background. We also study massless bulk scalar field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126758 </DOCNO>
Probing the physics of relativistic jets through X-ray observations


  The broad band sensitivity and flexibility of the BeppoSAX satellite have
allowed unprecedented studies of the X-ray emission from blazars. Here we focus
on recent results on the SEDs of a group of blazars with emission lines,
allowing to estimate both the luminosity in the jet and the luminosity of the
accretion disk. Implications for the origin of the power carried by
relativistic jets are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83562 </DOCNO>
Optimal Augmentation for Bipartite Componentwise Biconnectivity in


  A graph is componentwise biconnected if every connected component either is
an isolated vertex or is biconnected. We present a linear-time algorithm for
the problem of adding the smallest number of edges to make a bipartite graph
componentwise biconnected while preserving its bipartiteness. This algorithm
has immediate applications for protecting sensitive information in statistical
tables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127469 </DOCNO>
Characterization of extrasolar terrestrial planets from diurnal


  The detection of massive planets orbiting nearby stars has become almost
routine, but current techniques are as yet unable to detect terrestrial planets
with masses comparable to the Earth's. Future space-based observatories to
detect Earth-like planets are being planned. Terrestrial planets orbiting in
the habitable zones of stars-where planetary surface conditions are compatible
with the presence of liquid water-are of enormous interest because they might
have global environments similar to Earth's and even harbor life. The light
scattered by such a planet will vary in intensity and colour as the planet
rotates; the resulting light curve will contain information about the planet's
properties. Here we report a model that predicts features that should be
discernible in light curves obtained by low-precision photometry. For
extrasolar planets similar to Earth we expect daily flux variations up to
hundreds of percent, depending sensitively on ice and cloud cover. Qualitative
changes in surface or climate generate significant changes in the predicted
light curves. This work suggests that the meteorological variability and the
rotation period of an Earth-like planet could be derived from photometric
observations. Other properties such as the composition of the surface (e.g.,
ocean versus land fraction), climate indicators (for example ice and cloud
cover), and perhaps even signatures of Earth-like plant life could be
constrained or possibly, with further study, even uniquely determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123769 </DOCNO>
Infrared constraints on the dark mass concentration observed in the


  We present a deep H-band image of the region in the vicinity of the cluster
Abell 1942 containing the puzzling dark matter concentration detected in an
optical weak lensing study by Erben et al. (2000). We demonstrate that our
limiting magnitude, H=22, would be sufficient to detect clusters of appropriate
mass out to redshifts comparable with the mean redshift of the background
sources. Despite this, our infrared image reveals no obvious overdensity of
sources at the location of the lensing mass peak, nor an excess of sources in
the I-H vs. H colour-magnitude diagram. We use this to further constrain the
luminosity and mass-to-light ratio of the putative dark clump as a function of
its redshift. We find that for spatially-flat cosmologies, background lensing
clusters with reasonable mass-to-light ratios lying in the redshift range 0<z<1
are strongly excluded, leaving open the possibility that the mass concentration
is a new type of truly dark object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123578 </DOCNO>
Scintillation measurements of the millisecond pulsar PSR J0030+0451 and


  Scintillation observations of the nearby single millisecond pulsar (MSP) PSR
J0030+0451 were carried out with the Parkes 64m radiotelescope at three
different epochs in 1999. From analysis of the dynamic spectrum we obtained the
amplitude of the electron density power spectrum log C_N^2 ~= -3.33$ and a
scintillation velocity V_iss <~ 15 km s^-1. This result shows that the
Shklovskii effect on the spin-down rate \dot P is negligible. We also performed
a correlation analysis between pulsar proper motions (V_pm) and scintillation
velocities (V_iss) using updated measurements for a sample of 77 objects, 17 of
which are MSPs. The full sample shows a correlation coefficient r_s ~= 80% at
an extremely high significance level, while for the MSP sub-sample (excluding 2
outliers) we obtain r_s ~= 90%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124975 </DOCNO>
Dust to Dust: Evidence for Planet Formation?


  We discuss the properties of several circumstellar debris disk systems imaged
with the Hubble Space Telescope's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object
Spectrometer in a survey of young stars with known far-IR excesses. These dusty
disks around young ($\sim$ 5--8 Myr) unembedded stars exhibit morphological
anisotropies and other characteristics which are suggestive of recent or
on-going planet formation. We consider evidence for the evolution of
populations of collisionally produced disk grains in light of the significant
presence of remnant primordial gas in the optically thick disk of the classical
T-Tauri star TW Hya; the dust-dominated and Kuiper-belt like circumstellar ring
about the young main-sequence star HR 4796A; and a possible ``intermediate''
case, the complex disk around the Herbig AeBe star HD 141569A. Only a small
number of debris disks have been imaged thus far in scattered light. Yet all
show structures that may be indicative of dust reprocessing, possibly as a
result of planet formation, and speak to the contemporary competing scenarios
of disk/planet evolution and formation time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6090 </DOCNO>
Persistent Currents in Charge-density Wave Systems


  The inductive exchange of carriers between closed Fermi surface sections
subject to Landau quantization and open Fermi surface sections subject to
charge-density wave (or spin-density wave) formation is shown to give rise to
persistent currents. This mechanism may explain recent experimental data in
certain organic conductors in high magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3350 </DOCNO>
Comparison of History Effects in Magnetization in Weakly pinned Crystals


  A comparison of the history effects in weakly pinned single crystals of a
high $T_c$ YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7 - \delta}$ (for H $\parallel$ c) and a low $T_c$
Ca$_3$Rh$_4$Sn$_{13}$, which show anomalous variations in critical current
density $J_c(H)$ are presented via tracings of the minor magnetization
hysteresis loops using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The sample histories
focussed are, (i) the field cooled (FC), (ii) the zero field cooled (ZFC) and
(iii) an isothermal reversal of field from the normal state. An understanding
of the results in terms of the modulation in the plastic deformation of the
elastic vortex solid and supercooling across order-disorder transition is
sought.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124677 </DOCNO>
Extinction of gamma-ray burst afterglows as a diagnostic of the location


  The properties of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are used to
investigate the location of star formation activity through the history of the
Universe. This approach is motivated by the following: (i) GRBs are thought to
be associated with the deaths of massive stars and so the GRB rate ought to
follow the massive star formation rate, (ii) GRBs are the final evolutionary
phase of these short-lived stars, which do not travel far from their
birthplace, and so should be located where the stars formed, and (iii) The
differential effects of dust extinction on GRB afterglows between the X-ray and
optical wavebands can reveal whether or not large amounts of gas and dust are
present in GRB host galaxies. From recent evidence, we estimate that a
significant fraction (about 75%) of stars in the Universe formed in galaxies
that are brightest at rest-frame far-infrared (IR) wavelengths. This value is
marginally consistent with observations: 60 +/- 15% of GRBs have no detected
optical afterglow, whereas almost all have an X-ray afterglow. If the X-ray
afterglows of a large number of GRBs disappear at soft X-ray wavelengths (<2
keV), then this would provide strong evidence for dominant heavily obscured
star-formation activity. Far-IR and submillimetre studies of GRB hosts would
also test this idea: about 20% of hosts should be detectable using SCUBA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74173 </DOCNO>
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking and the Supersymmetric Standard Model


  We recall how the idea of Softly Broken Supersymmetry led to the construction
of the Supersymmetric Standard Model in 1981. Its first prediction, the
supersymmetric unification of gauge couplings, was conclusively verified by the
LEP and SLC experiments 10 years later. Its other predictions include: the
existence of superparticles at the electroweak scale; a stable lightest
superparticle (LSP) with a mass of $\sim 100$ GeV, anticipated to be a neutral
electroweak gaugino; the universality of scalar and gaugino masses at the
unification scale. The original motivation for the model, solving the hierarchy
problem, indicates that the superparticles should be discovered at the LHC or
the TeVatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148503 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Gauge Theories on Fuzzy Sphere and Fuzzy Torus from


  We consider a reduced model of four-dimensional Yang-Mills theory with a mass
term. This matrix model has two classical solutions, two-dimensional fuzzy
sphere and two-dimensional fuzzy torus. These classical solutions are
constructed by embedding them into three or four dimensional flat space. They
exist for finite size matrices, that is, the number of the quantum on these
manifolds is finite. Noncommutative gauge theories on these noncommutative
manifolds are derived by expanding the model around these classical solutions
and studied by taking two large $N$ limits, a commutative limit and a large
radius limit. The behaviors of gauge invariant operators are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 194 </DOCNO>
Pigmy resonances in artificial nuclei: far-infrared absorption by


  The structure of E1 resonances is examined in a microscopic random phase
approximation calculation for neutral, symmetric, closed shell, electron-hole
systems in a quantum dot. The number of electron-hole pairs, N, is varied from
6 to 42. The ocurrence of small, but distinct, E1 peaks in the far infrared
spectra located in the low energy tail of the giant dipole resonance and
consisting of highly coherent electron-hole excitations is predicted. These
pigmy resonances account for about 2 % of the dipole energy-weighted
photoabsorption sum rule. A very weak dependence of the average pigmy resonance
energy on the number of electron-hole pairs is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85857 </DOCNO>
Einstein's Field Equations for the Interior of a Uniformly Rotating


  We reduce Einstein's field equations for the interior of a uniformly
rotating, axisymmetric perfect fluid to a system of six second order partial
differential equations for the pressure p the energy density $\mu$ and four
dependent variables.Four of these equations do not depend on p and $\mu$
and the other two determine p and $\mu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74005 </DOCNO>
How old is the Universe ? Setting new constraints on the age of the


  There are three independent techniques for determining the age of the
universe: via cosmochronology of long-lived radioactive nuclei, via stellar
modelling and population synthesis of the oldest stellar populations, and via
the precision cosmology that has become feasible with the mapping of the
acoustic peaks in the cosmic microwave background. We demonstrate that all
three methods give completely consistent results, and enable us to set rigorous
bounds on the maximum and minimum ages that are allowed for the universe. We
present new constraints on the age of the universe by performing a multiband
colour analysis of bright cluster ellipticals over a large redshift range
(0.3<z<0.9), which allows us to infer the ages of their stellar populations
over a wide range of possible formation redshifts and metallicities. Applying a
conservative prior to Hubble's constant of H0=70+-15 km/s/Mpc, we find the age
of the universe to be 13.2(+3.6 -2.0) Gyr (1-sigma), in agreement both with the
estimates from type Ia supernovae, as well as with the latest uranium decay
estimates. Without the assumption of any priors, universes older than 18 Gyr
are ruled out by the data at the 90 % confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83937 </DOCNO>
Pretty-Simple Password-Authenticated Key-Exchange Protocol


  We propose pretty simple password-authenticated key-exchange protocol which
is based on the difficulty of solving DDH problem. It has the following
advantages: (1) Both $y_1$ and $y_2$ in our protocol are independent and thus
they can be pre-computed and can be sent independently. This speeds up the
protocol. (2) Clients and servers can use almost the same algorithm. This
reduces the implementation costs without accepting replay attacks and abuse of
entities as oracles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124380 </DOCNO>
A High-Frequency and Multi-Epoch VLBI Study of 3C 273


  We show results from a 7 year VLBI monitoring programme of 3C273 at
millimeter wavelengths. We find evidence for component acceleration, motion or
rotation of fluid dynamical patterns in the VLBI jet, and evidence for an
outburst-ejection relation between Gamma-ray flares and the appearance of new
jet components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76615 </DOCNO>
QCD and Rescattering in Nuclear Targets


  We review the extension of the factorization formalism of perturbative QCD to
soft rescattering associated with hard processes in nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126745 </DOCNO>
Simulated Radio Images and Light Curves of Young Supernovae


  We present calculations of the radio emission from supernovae based on
high-resolution simulations of the hydrodynamics and radiation transfer, using
simple energy density relations which link the properties of the radiating
electrons and the magnetic field to the hydrodynamics. As a specific example we
model the emission from SN1993J, which cannot be adequately fitted with the
often-used analytic mini-shell model, and present a good fit to the radio
evolution at a single frequency. Both free-free absorption and syncrotron self-
absorption are needed to fit the light curve at early times and a circumstellar
density profile of rho~r^-1.7 provides the best fit to the later data. We show
that the interaction of density structures in the ejecta with the reverse
supernova shock may produce features in the radio light curves such as have
been observed. We discuss the use of high-resolution radio images of supernovae
to distinguish between different absorption mechanisms and determine the origin
of specific light curve features. Comparisons of VLBI images of SN1993J with
synthetic model images suggest that internal free-free absorption completely
obscures emission at 8.4 GHz passing through the center of the supernova for
the first few tens of years after explosion. We predict that at 8.4 GHz the
internal free-free absorption is currently declining, and that over the next 40
years the surface brightness of the center of the source should increase
relative to the bright ring of emission seen in VLBI images. Similar absorption
in a nearby supernova would make the detection of a radio pulsar at 1 GHz
impossible for ~150 years after explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96457 </DOCNO>
CKS-space in terms of growth functions


  A class of growth functions $u$ is introduced to construct Hida distributions
and test functions. The Legendre transform $\ell_{u}$ of $u$ is used to define
a sequence $\a(n)=(\ell_{u}(n) n!)^{-1}, n\geq 0$, of positive numbers. From
this sequence we get a CKS-space. Under various conditions on $u$ we show that
the associated sequence $\{\a(n)\}$ satisfies those conditions for carrying out
the white noise distribution theory on the CKS-space. We show that $u$ and its
dual Legendre transform $u^{*}$ are growth functions for test and generalized
functions, respectively, in the characterization theorems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73078 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Structure Functions at the Tevatron


  We have studied events with a high-x_F antiproton and two central jets with
E_T>7 GeV in CDF, in p+p_bar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1800 GeV. From the di-jet
kinematics we derive the diffractive structure function of the antiproton. We
also find an excess of events with a rapidity gap at least 3.5 units wide in
the proton direction, which we interpret as di-jet production in double pomeron
exchange events. We find non-factorization between our single diffractive
results and (a) diffraction in ep at HERA (b) double pomeron exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3836 </DOCNO>
Waves on an interface between two phase-separated Bose-Einstein


  We examine waves localized near a boundary between two weakly segregated
Bose-Einstein condensates. In the case of a wavelength of order of or larger
than the thickness of the overlap region the variational method is used. The
dispersion laws for the two oscillation branches are found in analytic form.
The opposite case of a wavelength much shorter than the healing length in the
bulk condensate is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2584 </DOCNO>
The Density of States in High-Tc Superconductors Vortices


  We calculated the electronic structure of a vortex in a pseudogapped
superconductor within a model featuring strong correlations. With increasing
strength of the correlations, the BCS core states are suppressed and the
spectra in and outside the core become similar. If the correlations are
short-range, we find new core states in agreement with the observations in
YBaCuO and BiSrCaCuO. Our results point to a common phenomenology for these two
systems and indicate that normal-state correlations survive below Tc without
taking part in the overall phase coherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86388 </DOCNO>
Status of Relativity with observer-independent length and velocity


  I have recently shown that it is possible to formulate the Relativity
postulates in a way that does not lead to inconsistencies in the case of
space-times whose structure is governed by observer-independent scales of both
velocity and length. Here I give an update on the status of this proposal,
including a brief review of some very recent developments. I also emphasize the
role that one of the kappa-Poincare' Hopf algebras could play in the
realization of a particular example of the new type of postulates. I show that
the new ideas on Relativity require us to extend the set of tools provided by
kappa-Poincare' and to revise our understanding of certain already available
tools, such as the energy-momentum coproduct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113349 </DOCNO>
Laser Induced Heat Diffusion Limited Tissue Coagulation: Problem and


  Previously we have developed a free boundary model for local thermal
coagulation induced by laser light absorption when the tissue region affected
directly by laser light is sufficiently small and heat diffusion into the
surrounding tissue governs the necrosis growth. In the present paper surveying
the obtained results we state the point of view on the necrosis formation under
these conditions as the basis of an individual laser therapy mode exhibiting
specific properties. In particular, roughly speaking, the size of the resulting
necrosis domain is determined by the physical characteristics of the tissue and
its response to local heating, and by the applicator form rather than the
treatment duration and the irradiation power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76283 </DOCNO>
On the imaginary parts and infrared divergences of two-loop vector boson


  We calculate the imaginary part of the retarded two-loop self-energy of a
static vector boson in a plasma of quarks and gluons of temperature T, using
the imaginary time formalism. We recombine various cuts of the self-energy to
generate physical processes. We demonstrate how cuts containing loops may be
reinterpreted in terms of interference between Order $\alpha$ tree diagrams and
the Born term along with spectators from the medium. We apply our results to
the rate of dilepton production in the limit of dilepton invariant mass E>>T.
We find that all infrared and collinear singularities cancel in the final
result obtained in this limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125287 </DOCNO>
Experiment Design and First Season Observations with the Degree Angular


  We describe the instrumentation, experiment design and data reduction for the
first season of observations with the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer
(DASI), a compact microwave interferometer designed to measure anisotropy in
the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) on degree and sub-degree scales
(l=100--900). The telescope was deployed at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole
research station during the 1999--2000 austral summer and conducted
observations of the CMB throughout the following austral winter. In its first
season of observations, DASI has mapped CMB fluctuations in 32 fields, each 3.4
deg across, with high sensitivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40803 </DOCNO>
Universality in hadron production in electron-positron, lepton-hadron


  According to the concept of universality in hadron production, the basic
mechanisms of hadron formation are the same in all high-energy e+e-, lh and hh
reactions, with differences in the composition of final-state particle types
being due only to differences in initial parton flavours and configurations.
This concept is discussed in the light of recent data and phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127744 </DOCNO>
Changes in solar oscillation frequencies during the current activity


  We describe systematic changes in the centroid frequencies and the splitting
coefficients as found using data from MDI on board SOHO, covering cycle 23. The
data allow us to construct a seismic map of the evolving solar activity --
covering all latitudes. At lower latitudes, the temporal evolution closely
tracks that of {\it butterfly diagram}. The additional information from higher
latitudes in the map is of a significant activity in the polar region, peaking
at activity minimum in 1996. The most plausible source of solar oscillation
frequency changes over the solar cycle is the evolution of the radial component
of the small-scale magnetic field. The amplitude of the required mean field
changes is about 100 G at the photosphere, and increasing going inward.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148959 </DOCNO>
Membranes Wrapped on Holomorphic Curves


  We construct supergravity solutions dual to the twisted field theories
arising when M-theory membranes wrap holomorphic curves in Calabi-Yau n-folds.
The solutions are constructed in an Abelian truncation of maximal D=4 gauged
supergravity and then uplifted to D=11. For four-folds and five-folds we find
new smooth AdS/CFT examples and for all cases we analyse the nature of the
singularities that arise. Our results provide an interpretation of certain
charged topological AdS black holes. We also present the generalised
calibration two-forms for the solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149691 </DOCNO>
Exterior Differentials in Superspace and Poisson Brackets of Diverse


  It is shown that two definitions for the exterior differential in superspace,
giving the same exterior calculus, when applied to the Poisson bracket lead to
the different results. Examples of the even and odd linear brackets,
corresponding to semi-simple Lie groups, are given and their natural connection
with BRST and anti-BRST charges is indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1282 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Casimir forces from effects of discrete particle number in


  Traditionally it is assumed that the Casimir vacuum pressure does not depend
on the ultraviolet cut-off. There are, however, some arguments that the effect
actually depends on the regularization procedure and thus on the
trans-Planckian physics. We provide the condensed matter example where the
Casimir forces do explicitly depend on the microscopic (correspondingly
trans-Planckian) physics due to the mesoscopic finite-N effects, where N is the
number of bare particles in condensed matter (or correspondingly the number of
the elements comprising the quantum vacuum). The finite-N effects lead to
mesoscopic fluctuations of the vacuum pressure. The amplitude of the mesoscopic
flustuations of the Casimir force in a system with linear dimension L is larger
by the factor N^{1/3}\sim L/a than the traditional value of the Casimir force
given by effective theory, where a is the interatomic distance which plays the
role of the Planck length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129158 </DOCNO>
The Galactic Halo from Microlensing


  The status of the microlensing search for galactic dark matter in the form of
massive astronomical compact halo objects (machos) is reviewed. Unresolved
issues are discussed, as well as possible ways to solve these.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41524 </DOCNO>
Physics with Low-Energy Muons at a Neutrino Factory Complex


  The physics potential of an intense source of low-energy muons is studied.
Such a source is a necessary stage towards building the neutrino factories and
muon colliders which are being considered at present. The CERN Neutrino Factory
could deliver muon beams with intensities 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than
available now, with large freedom in the choice of the time structure.
Low-energy muon physics contributes to many fields of basic research, including
rare muon decays, i.e., decays that do not conserve muon number, measurements
of fundamental constants, the muon anomalous magnetic moment, determination of
the Lorentz structure of the weak interaction, QED tests, CPT tests, proton and
nuclear charge distributions (even for short-lived isotopes), and condensed
matter physics. In studying the experimental programme, we analyse the present
limitations, list the requirements on the new muon beams, and describe some
ideas on how to implement these beam lines in a CERN neutrino factory complex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128920 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Accretion in Transient X-Ray Binaries


  Recent work on the modes of accretion onto black holes (BHs) in Soft X-Ray
Transients (SXTs) is reviewed, with an emphasis on uncertainties affecting
models of accretion during quiescence (inner hot flow, outer thin disk).
Various interpretations of the quiescent X-ray luminosity difference between
systems containing neutron stars (NSs) and systems containing BH candidates are
also summarized. A new scenario, which does not require BH candidates to
possess an event horizon, is presented here. This scenario may be ruled out in
the future, from detailed X-ray spectroscopic diagnostics or from the absence
of type I X-ray bursts in systems containing BH candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149231 </DOCNO>
On a Deformation of 3-Branes


  We construct an explicit class of solutions of type IIB supergravity that is
a smooth deformation of the 3-brane class of solutions. The solution is
nonsupersymmetric and involves nontrivial dilaton and axion fields as well as
the standard 5-form field strength. One of the main features of the solution is
that for large values of the radius the deformation is small and it
asymptotically approaches the undeformed 3-brane solution, signaling a
restoration of conformal invariance in the UV for the dual gauge theory. We
suggest that the supergravity deformation corresponds to a massive deformation
on the dual gauge theory and consequently the deformed theory has the
undeformed one as an ultraviolet fixed point. In cases where the original
3-brane solution preserves some amount of supersymmetry we suggest that the
gauge theory interpretation is that of soft supersymmetry breaking. We discuss
the deformation for D3-branes on the conifold and the generalized conifold
explicitly. We show that the semiclassical behavior of the Wilson loop suggests
that the corresponding gauge theory duals are confining.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3993 </DOCNO>
Deformation potential scattering from dislocations in III-V nitride


  We present a theory of deformation potential carrier scattering of
two-dimensional electron gases from the strain fields surrounding dislocations.
The results are applied to study the transport characteristics in III-V nitride
two-dimensional electron gases in Al(Ga)N/GaN quantum wells. A hypothetical
charged core has been associated as the {\em only} scattering potential for
analyzing experimental results for transport studies of the nitrides; we
critically examine this assumption in light of our results of strain field
scattering. By computing the effect of all possible scattering mechanisms we
gauge the importance of strain field scattering from dislocations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125066 </DOCNO>
The Limiting Effects of Dust in Brown Dwarf Model Atmospheres


  We present opacity sampling model atmospheres, synthetic spectra and colors
for brown dwarfs and very low mass stars in two limiting case of dust grain
formation: 1) inefficient gravitational settling i.e. the dust is distributed
according to the chemical equilibrium predictions, 2) efficient gravitational
settling i.e. the dust forms and depletes refractory elements from the gas, but
their opacity does not affect the thermal structure. The models include the
formation of over 600 gas phase species, and 1000 liquids and crystals, and the
opacities of 30 different types of grains including corundum (Al$_2$O$_3$), the
magnesium aluminum spinel MgAl$_2$O$_4$, iron, enstatite (MgSiO$_3$),
forsterite (Mg$_2$SiO$_4$), amorphous carbon, SiC, and a number of calcium
silicates. The models extend from the beginning of the grain formation regime
well into the condensation regime of water ice ($\teff= 3000 - 100$ K) and
encompasses the range of $\log g= 2.5 - 6.0$ at solar metallicity.
  We find that silicate dust grains can form abundantly in the outer
atmospheric layers of red and brown dwarfs with spectral type later than M8.
The greenhouse effects of dust opacities provide a natural explanation for the
peculiarly red spectroscopic distribution of the latest M dwarfs and young
brown dwarfs. The grainless (Cond) models on the other hand, correspond closely
to methane brown dwarfs such as Gliese 229B. We also recover that the
$\lambda$5891,5897\AA Na I D and $\lambda$7687,7701\AA K I resonance doublets
plays a critical role in T dwarfs where their red wing define the
pseudo-continuum from the $I$ to the $Z$ bandpass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 862 </DOCNO>
Stability and Activation Gaps of Parafermionic Hall States in the Second


  Analyzing the effective conformal field theory for the parafermionic Hall
states, corresponding to filling fractions nu_k=2+k/(kM+2), k=2,3,..., M odd,
we show that the even k plateaux are expected to be more stable than their odd
k neighbors. The reason is that the parafermion chiral algebra can be locally
extended for k even. This reconciles the theoretical implication, that the
bigger the k the less stable the fluid, with the experimental fact that, for
M=1, the k=2 and k=4 plateaux are already observed at electron temperature
T_e~8 mK, while the Hall resistance for k=3 is not precisely quantized at that
temperature in the sample of Pan et al. Using a heuristic gap ansatz we
estimate the activation energy gap for nu_3=13/5 to be approximately 0.015 K,
which implies that the quantization of the Hall conductance could be observed
for temperature below 1 mK in the same sample. We also find an appealing exact
relation between the fractional electric charge and fractional statistics of
the quasiholes. Finally, we argue that besides the Moore-Read phase for the
nu_2=5/2 state there is another relevant phase, in which the fundamental
quasiholes obey abelian statistics and carry half-integer electric charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129352 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Spectral Components of Starburst Galaxies


  X-ray emission processes in starburst galaxies (SBGs) are assessed, with the
aim of identifying and characterizing the main spectral components. Our survey
of spectral properties, complemented with a model for the evolution of galactic
stellar populations, leads to the prediction of a complex spectrum. Comparing
the predicted spectral properties with current X-ray measurements of the nearby
SBGs M82 and N253, we draw the following tentative conclusions: 1) X-ray
binaries with accreting NS are the main contributors in the 2-15 keV band, and
could be responsible for the yet uninterpreted hard component required to fit
the observed 0.5-10 keV spectra of SBGs; 2) diffuse thermal plasma contributes
at energies less than about 1 keV; 3) nonthermal emission, from Compton
scattering of FIR and CMB radiation field photons off supernova-accelerated
relativistic electrons, and AGN-like emission, are likely be the dominant
emission at energies >30 keV; 4) supernova remnants make a relatively minor
contribution to the X-ray continuum but may contribute appreciably to the Fe-K
emission at 6.7 keV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128148 </DOCNO>
A powerful local shear instability in stratified disks


  In this paper, we show that astrophysical accretion disks are dynamically
unstable to non-axisymmetric disturbances. This instability is present in any
stably stratified anticyclonically sheared flow as soon as the angular velocity
decreases outwards. In the large Froude number limit, the maximal growth rate
is proportional to the angular rotation velocity, and is independent of the
stratification. In the low Froude number limit, it decreases like the inverse
of the Froude number, thereby vanishing for unstratified, centrigugally stable
flows. The instability is not sensitive to disk boundaries. We discuss the
possible significance of our result, and its implications on the turbulent
state achieved by the disks. We conclude that this linear instability is one of
the best candidates for the source of turbulence in geometrically thin disks,
and that magnetic fields can be safely ignored when studying their turbulent
state. The relevance of the instability for thick disks or nearly neutrally
stratified disks remains to be explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96220 </DOCNO>
Characterization of the Distribution of Twin Primes


  We adopt an empirical approach to the characterization of the distribution of
twin primes within the set of primes, rather than in the set of all natural
numbers. The occurrences of twin primes in any finite sequence of primes are
like fixed probability random events. As the sequence of primes grows, the
probability decreases as the reciprocal of the count of primes to that point.
The manner of the decrease is consistent with the Hardy--Littlewood Conjecture,
the Prime Number Theorem, and the Twin Prime Conjecture. Furthermore, our
probabilistic model, is simply parameterized. We discuss a simple test which
indicates the consistency of the model extrapolated outside of the range in
which it was constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127230 </DOCNO>
Parallax Microlensing Events in the OGLE II Database Toward the Galactic


  We present a systematic search for parallax microlensing events among a total
of 512 microlensing candidates in the OGLE II database for the 1997-1999
seasons. We fit each microlensing candidate with both the standard microlensing
model and also a parallax model that accounts for the Earth's motion around the
Sun. We then search for the parallax signature by comparing the chi^2 of the
standard and parallax models. For the events which show a significant
improvement, we further use the `duration' of the event and the signal-to-noise
ratio as criteria to separate true parallax events from other noisy
microlensing events. We have discovered one convincing new candidate,
sc33_4505, and seven other marginal cases. The convincing candidate (sc33_4505)
is caused by a slow-moving, and likely low-mass, object, similar to other known
parallax events. We found that irregular sampling and gaps between observing
seasons hamper the recovery of parallax events. We have also searched for
long-duration events that do not show parallax signatures. The lack of parallax
effects in a microlensing event puts a lower-limit on the Einstein radius
projected onto the observer plane, which in turn imposes a lower limit on the
lens mass divided by the relative lens-source parallax. Most of the constraints
are however quite weak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76102 </DOCNO>
Duality in Semi-Exclusive Processes


  Semi-exclusive processes like \gamma p \to \pi^+ Y are closely analogous to
DIS, ep \to eX, in the limit where the momentum transfer |t| to the pion and
the mass of the inclusive system Y are large but still much smaller than the
total CM energy. We apply Bloom-Gilman duality to this semi-exclusive process.
The energy dependence of the \gamma p \to \pi^+ n cross section given by
semi-local duality agrees with data for moderate values of |t|, but its
normalization is underestimated by about two orders of magnitude. This
indicates that rather high momentum transfers are required for the validity of
PQCD in the hard subprocess \gamma u \to \pi^+ d. In the case of Compton
scattering \gamma p \to \gamma p the analogous discrepancy is about one order
of magnitude. In electroproduction the virtuality of the incoming photon can be
used to directly measure the hardness of the subprocess.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3843 </DOCNO>
Thermoelectric power of nondegenerate Kane semiconductors under the


  The thermoelectric power of nondegenerate Kane semiconductors with due regard
for the electron and phonon heating, and their thermal and mutual drags is
investigated. The electron spectrum is taken in the Kane two--band form. It is
shown that the nonparabolicity of electron spectrum significantly influences
the magnitude of the thermoelectric power and leads to a change of its sign and
dependence on the heating electric field. The field dependence of the
thermoelectric power is determined analytically under various drag conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97825 </DOCNO>
A bound on the irregularity of abelian scrolls in projective space


  We prove that the irregularity of a smooth abelian scroll whose dimension is
at least half of that of the surrounding projective space is bounded by 2. In
addition we discuss some existence results and open problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40770 </DOCNO>
The matter effect to T-violation at a neutrino factory


  We analyzed T-violation in neutrino oscillation by using perturbation methods
with respect to $\Delta m_{21}^2L/2E$ and $\delta a(x)L/2E$, where $\delta
a(x)$ represents the matter density fluctuation from its average value. We
found that the matter contribution to T-violation arises from interferences
between $\Delta m_{21}^2L/2E$ and $\delta a(x) L/2E$. In the 2nd order, the
symmetric and asymmetric matter density fluctuations give effects to the $\sin
\delta$ (intrinsic) and the $\cos \delta$ (fake) parts of T-violation. We give
their analytic forms and analyze the matter contribution to the $\sin \delta$
and $\cos \delta$ terms. We found that, for L=3000km, both the symmetric and
asymmetric matter density fluctuations give negligible contributions to
T-violation, and that thus the constant (average) matter density gives a good
approximation. On the other hand, we argue that, for L=7000km or longer length,
T-violation turns out to become very small due to cancellation between the 1st
and the 2nd order terms. This shows that the constant (average) matter
approximation is not valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40944 </DOCNO>
Search for CP violation in tau decays


  The results of the searches for CP non-conservation in the decays of tau
leptons are presented. No evidence of violation of CP symmetry is observed
neither in CLEO nor in BELLE data. Interpretation of these results is done
within the framework of a model with a scalar boson exchange. Limits on the
imaginary part of the coupling constant \Lambda, parameterizing the relative
contribution of diagrams that would lead to CP violation, are -0.046
<\Im(\Lambda) < 0.022 at 90% C.L. and |\Im(\Lambda)| < 1.7 at 90% C.L. in tau->
pi pi^0 nu_{\tau} and tau-> K pi^0 nu_{\tau} modes, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124588 </DOCNO>
A measurement of the cosmological mass density from clustering in the


  The large-scale structure in the distribution of galaxies is thought to arise
from the gravitational instability of small fluctuations in the initial density
field of the universe. A key test of this hypothesis is that superclusters of
galaxies in the process of formation should generate systematic infall of other
galaxies. This would be evident in the pattern of recessional velocities,
causing an anisotropy in the inferred spatial clustering of galaxies. Here we
report a precise measurement of this clustering, using the redshifts of more
than 141,000 galaxies from the two-degree-field galaxy redshift survey. We
determine the parameter beta = Omega^{0.6}/b = 0.43 +- 0.07, where Omega is the
total mass-density parameter and b is a measure of the `bias' of the luminous
galaxies in the survey. Combined with the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave
background, our results favour a low-density universe with Omega approximately
0.3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126479 </DOCNO>
Carbon Monoxide in type II supernovae


  Infrared spectra of two type II supernovae 6 months after explosion are
presented. The spectra exhibit a strong similarity to the observations of SN
1987A and other type II SNe at comparable epochs. The continuum can be fitted
with a cool black body and the hydrogen lines have emissivities that are
approximately those of a Case B recombination spectrum. The data extend far
enough into the thermal region to detect emission by the first overtone of
carbon monoxide. The molecular emission is modeled and compared with that in
the spectra of SN 1987A. It is found that the flux in the CO first overtone is
comparable to that found in SN 1987A. We argue that Carbon Monoxide forms in
the ejecta of all type II SNe during the first year after explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41668 </DOCNO>
Model Independent Information On Solar Neutrino Oscillations


  We present the results of a Bayesian analysis of solar neutrino data in terms
of nu_e->nu_{mu,tau} oscillations, independent from the Standard Solar Model
predictions for the solar neutrino fluxes. We show that such a model
independent analysis allows to constraint the values of the neutrino mixing
parameters in limited regions around the usual SMA, LMA, LOW and VO regions.
Furthermore, there is a strong indication in favor of large neutrino mixing and
large values of Delta m^2 (LMA region). We calculate also the allowed ranges of
the neutrino fluxes and we show that they are in good agreement with the
Standard Solar Model prediction. In particular, the ratio of the 8B flux with
its Standard Solar Model prediction is constrained in the interval [0.45,1.42]
with 99.73% probability. Finally, we show that the hypothesis of no neutrino
oscillations is strongly disfavored in a model independent way with respect to
the hypothesis of neutrino oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168258 </DOCNO>
Implications of Teleportation for Nonlocality


  Adopting an approach similar to that of Zukowski [Phys. Rev. A 62, 032101
(2000)], we investigate connections between teleportation and nonlocality. We
derive a Bell-type inequality pertaining to the teleportation scenario and show
that it is violated in the case of teleportation using a perfect singlet. We
also investigate teleportation using `Werner states' of the form x P + (1-x)
I/4, where P is the projector corresponding to a singlet state and I is the
identity. We find that our inequality is violated, implying nonlocality, if x >
1/sqrt(2). In addition, we extend Werner's local hidden variable model to
simulation of teleportation with the x = 1/2 Werner state. Thus teleportation
using this state does not involve nonlocality even though the fidelity achieved
is 3/4 which is greater than the `classical limit' of 2/3. Finally, we comment
on a result of Gisin's and offer some philosophical remarks on teleportation
and nonlocality generally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 637 </DOCNO>
Interference effects in isolated Josephson junction arrays with


  As the size of a Josephson junction is reduced, charging effects become
important and the superconducting phase across the link turns into a periodic
quantum variable. Isolated Josephson junction arrays are described in terms of
such periodic quantum variables and thus exhibit pronounced quantum
interference effects arising from paths with different winding numbers
(Aharonov-Casher effects). These interference effects have strong implications
for the excitation spectrum of the array which are relevant in applications of
superconducting junction arrays for quantum computing. The interference effects
are most pronounced in arrays composed of identical junctions and possessing
geometric symmetries; they may be controlled by either external gate potentials
or by adding/removing charge to/from the array. Here we consider a loop of N
identical junctions encircling one half superconducting quantum of magnetic
flux. In this system, the ground state is found to be non-degenerate if the
total number of Cooper pairs on the array is divisible by N, and doubly
degenerate otherwise (after the stray charges are compensated by the gate
voltages).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113629 </DOCNO>
Thoughtful comments on 'Bessel beams and signal propagation'


  In this paper we present thoughtful comments on the paper `Bessel beams and
signal propagation' showing that the main claims of that paper are wrong.
Moreover, we take the opportunity to show the non trivial and indeed surprising
result that a scalar pulse (i.e., a wave train of compact support in the time
domain) that is solution of the homogeneous wave equation (vector
($\vec{E},\vec{B}$) pulse that is solution of Maxwell equations) is such that
its {\em wave front} in some cases does travel with speed {\em greater} than
$c$, the speed of light . In order for a pulse to posses a front that travels
with speed $c$, an additional condition must be satisfied, namely the pulse
must have finite energy. When this condition is fulfilled the pulse still can
show peaks propagating with superluminal (or subluminal) velocities, but now
its wave front travels at speed $c$. These results are important because they
explain several experimental results obtained in recent experiments, where
superluminal velocities have been observed, without implying in any breakdown
of the Principle of Relativity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126011 </DOCNO>
Frequency-dependent time lags in the X-ray emission of the Seyfert


  We report the discovery of time lags in the cross-spectra of the X-ray light
curves of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 7469. This behavior is common in Galactic
black hole and neutron star binaries, and is in the sense that harder X-rays
are delayed with respect to the soft with a time lag approximately proportional
to the Fourier period. At the longest period probed by our observation we find
a time lag of approximately 3.5 hours between the 2-4 and 4-10 keV X-rays. A
similar lag and period dependence is found comparing the 2-4 and 10-15 keV
light curves, albeit with less significance. We find the coherence function of
the light curves to be close to 1. The implications of these results for the
X-ray production mechanism in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1873 </DOCNO>
Ground-State of Charged Bosons Confined in a Harmonic Trap


  We study a system composed of N identical charged bosons confined in a
harmonic trap. Upper and lower energy bounds are given. It is shown in the
large N limit that the ground-state energy is determined within an accuracy of
$\pm 8%$ and that the mean field theory provides a reasonable result with
relative error of less than 16% for the binding energy .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148901 </DOCNO>
The String Dual of an ${\cal N}=(4,0)$ Two-Dimensional Gauge Theory


  We find solutions of the six-dimensional maximal supergravity by adding a
perturbation of vector fields to the solution AdS${}_3$ $\times$ S${}^3$. For
certain perturbations the solution represents a dual description of an ${\cal
N}=(4,0)$ field theory in two dimensions by the AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1814 </DOCNO>
Stiffness of the Heisenberg Spin-Glass Model at Zero- and


  We examine the stiffness of the Heisenberg spin-glass (SG) model at both zero
temperature (T=0) and finite temperatures ($T \ne 0$) in three dimensions. We
calculate the excess energies at T=0 which are gained by rotating and reversing
all the spins on one surface of the lattice, and find that they increase with
the lattice size $L$. We also calculate the excess free-energies at $T \ne 0$
which correspond to these excess energies, and find that they increase with $L$
at low temperatures, while they decrease with increasing $L$ at high
temperatures. These results strongly suggest the occurrence of the SG phase at
low temperatures. The SG phase transition temperature is estimated to be
$T_{\rm SG} \sim 0.19J$ from the lattice size dependences of these excess
free-energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86831 </DOCNO>
X-matter induced cosmological scenarios in the relativistic theory of


  It was shown, that the presence of the so-called X-matter with an equation of
state, which lies between limits of the strong and weak energy conditions,
allows the variety of the cosmological scenarios in the relativistic theory of
gravity. In spite of the fixed negative sign of the cosmological term in the
field equations with massive graviton, it is possible to obtain the solutions
with accelerated and complicated loitering expansion of the universe. The
numerical estimation of the universe's age agrees with the modern observational
data if the upper limit of the graviton's mass is 10^{-71} g

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86135 </DOCNO>
Modulating the experimental signature of a stochastic gravitational wave


  Detecting a stationary, stochastic gravitational wave signal is complicated
by impossibility of observing the detector noise independently of the signal.
One consequence is that we require at least two detectors to observe the
signal, which will be apparent in the cross-correlation of the detector
outputs. A corollary is that there remains a systematic error, associated with
the possible presence of correlated instrumental noise, in any observation
aimed at estimating or limiting a stochastic gravitational wave signal. Here we
describe a method of identifying this systematic error by varying the
orientation of one of the detectors, leading to separate and independent
modulations of the signal and noise contribution to the cross-correlation. Our
method can be applied to measurements of a stochastic gravitational wave
background by the ALLEGRO/LIGO Livingston Observatory detector pair. We explore
-- in the context of this detector pair -- how this new measurement technique
is insensitive to a cross-correlated detector noise component that can confound
a conventional measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125998 </DOCNO>
The Supermassive Black Hole at the Galactic Center


  The inner few parsecs at the Galactic Center have come under intense scrutiny
in recent years, in part due to the exciting broad-band observations of this
region, but also because of the growing interest from theorists motivated to
study the physics of black hole accretion, magnetized gas dynamics and unusual
star formation. The Galactic Center is now known to contain arguably the most
compelling supermassive black hole candidate, weighing in at a little over 2.6
million suns. Its interaction with the nearby environment, comprised of
clusters of evolved and young stars, a molecular dusty ring, ionized gas
streamers, diffuse hot gas, and a hypernova remnant, is providing a wealth of
accretion phenomenology and high-energy processes for detailed modeling. In
this review, we summarize the latest observational results, and focus on the
physical interpretation of the most intriguing object in this region---the
compact radio source Sgr A*, thought to be the radiative manifestation of the
supermassive black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174670 </DOCNO>
Resonance Studies at STAR


  We report on the observed signals of ${K^{\star0}(892)}\to\pi K$ and
$\phi(1020)\to K^{+}K^{-}$ using the mixed-event method with powerful
statistics from the large acceptance and highly efficient STAR TPC. Preliminary
results from the first observation of such states from the year-one STAR data
in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV Au-Au collisions are presented. The
$K^{\star0}/h^{-}$ ratios with an assumed $K^{\star0}$ $p_{T}$ inverse slope of
300MeV are compatible with that from pp at ISR. For 14% central Au+Au
collisions, we observe $K^{\star0}/h^{-}=0.060\pm0.007(stat)$ and
$\bar{K^{\star0}}/h^{-}=0.058\pm0.007(stat)$. We show that
$\bar{\Lambda}/\Lambda=0.77\pm0.07(stat)$ from this method is consistent with
the measurement via decay topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124114 </DOCNO>
Evidence for TeV gamma ray emission from Cassiopeia A


  232 hours of data were accumulated from 1997 to 1999, using the HEGRA
Stereoscopic Cherenkov Telescope System to observe the supernova remnant
Cassiopeia A. TeV gamma ray emission was detected at the 5 sigma level, and a
flux of (5.8 +- 1.2(stat) +- 1.2(syst)) 10^(-9) ph m^(-2) s^(-1) above 1 TeV
was derived. The spectral distribution is consistent with a power law with a
differential spectral index of -2.5 +- 0.4(stat) +- 0.1(syst) between 1 and 10
TeV. As this is the first report of the detection of a TeV gamma ray source on
the "centi-Crab" scale, we present the analysis in some detail. Implications
for the acceleration of cosmic rays depend on the details of the source
modeling. We discuss some important aspects in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86474 </DOCNO>
Structure of Extended Space


  In present work the generalization of Einstein's special theory of relativity
on 5-dimentional space is considered, in which as fifth coordinates we consider
the interval s of a particle. 5-dimentional vectors in this space are isotropic
both for mass, and for massless of particles.
  In extended space, offered by the authors, there is a possibility in addition
with usual Lorentz transformations, to enter two new transformations, therefore
massive and massless of a particle can reversible converted to each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6564 </DOCNO>
Conductance of Open Quantum Billiards and Classical Trajectories


  We analyse the transport phenomena of 2D quantum billiards with convex
boundary of different shape. The quantum mechanical analysis is performed by
means of the poles of the S-matrix while the classical analysis is based on the
motion of a free particle inside the cavity along trajectories with a different
number of bounces at the boundary. The value of the conductance depends on the
manner the leads are attached to the cavity. The Fourier transform of the
transmission amplitudes is compared with the length of the classical paths.
There is good agreement between classical and quantum mechanical results when
the conductance is achieved mainly by special short-lived states such as
whispering gallery modes (WGM) and bouncing ball modes (BBM). In these cases,
also the localization of the wave functions agrees with the picture of the
classical paths. The S-matrix is calculated classically and compared with the
transmission coefficients of the quantum mechanical calculations for five modes
in each lead. The number of modes coupled to the special states is effectively
reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5268 </DOCNO>
On complex permittivity of dilute random binary dielectric mixtures in


  Influence of number of particles considered in numerical simulations on
complex dielectric permittivity of binary dilute dielectric mixtures in
two-dimensions are reported. In the simulations, dodecagons (polygons with
12-sides) were used to mimic disk-shaped inclusions. Using such an approach we
were able to consider $16^2$ particles in a unit-square. The effective
dielectric permittivity of the mixtures were calculated using the finite
element at two different frequecies which were much higher and lower than the
characteristic relaxation rate of the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization. The
results were compared to an analytical solution. It was found that the
permittivity values at low frequencies were inside Wiener bounds however they
violated the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74792 </DOCNO>
The problem of neutrino masses in extensions of the Standard Model


  We review the problem of neutrino masses and mixings in the context of Grand
Unified Theories. After a brief summary of the present experimental status of
neutrino physics, we describe how the see-saw mechanism can automatically
account for the large atmospheric mixing angle. We provide two specific
examples where this possibility is realized by means of a flavour symmetry. We
then review in some detail the various severe problems which plague minimal GUT
models (like the doublet-triplet splitting and proton-decay) and which force to
investigate the possibility of constructing more elaborate but realistic
models. We then show an example of a quasi-realistic SUSY SU(5) model which, by
exploiting the crucial presence of an abelian flavour symmetry, does not
require any fine-tuning and predicts a satisfactory phenomenology with respect
to coupling unification, fermion masses and mixings and bounds from proton
decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5240 </DOCNO>
Fermi surface map of the single-layer Bi-cuprate


  A first Fermi surface map of a single-layer high-Tc superconductor is
presented. The experiments were carried out on optimally doped
Bi_2Sr_(2-x)La_xCuO_(6+delta)(x=0.40) with synchrotron radiation which allow to
discuss in detail the strong polarisation dependence of the emissions near the
Fermi edge. For the cuprates only little is known about the impact of the
electron-photon matrix element determining the photoelectron intensity. For the
example of the model layered superconductor Bi_2Sr_(2-x)La_xCuO_(6+delta)it
will be demonstrated that the polarization geometry has significant influence
on the energy distribution curves at EF and consequently also for the
determination of the topology and character of the Fermi surface (FS) by
angle-resolved photoemission. For further clarification also a FS map of the
n=2 material Bi-2212 has been measured applying a different polarisation
geometry as previously used by Saini et al.. In the context of the current
debate on the character of the Fermi surface of Bi-cuprates our results confirm
a hole-like Fermi surface for n=1 as well as n=2 material, what might be the
universal FS for high-Tc superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98349 </DOCNO>
Modular categories and orbifold models II


  This is a continuation of the paper "Modular tensor categories and orbifold
theories", arXiv:math.QA/0104242. It discusses orbifold models of conformal
filed theory, or, in mathematical language, question of constructing the
category of representations of the fixed point algebra $V^G$ for a given vertex
operator algebra $V$ with an action of a finite group $G$. The previous paper
gave a proof of well-known conjecture of Dijkgraaf-Vafa-Verlinde-Verlinde
giving a complete answer to this question in the holomorphic case (when $V$ has
a unique simple module, $V$ itself) under the assumption that categories of
rrepresentations of $V$, $V^G$ are modular tensor categories. In the current
paper, we give a partial answer in non-holomorphic case. In particular, we show
that the category of representations of $V^G$ is completely determined by the
category of twisted $V$-modules together with the action of $G$ on this
category. Our approach is based on describing representations of $V$, $V^G$ and
relation between them in terms of tensor categories and avoids using the
technique of VOAs as much as possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73430 </DOCNO>
Thermal Effects in Low-Temperature QED


  QED is studied at low temperature ($T\ll m$, where $m$ is the electron mass)
and zero chemical potential. By integrating out the electron field and the
nonzero bosonic Matsubara modes, we construct an effective three-dimensional
field theory that is valid at distances $R\gg1/T$. As applications, we
reproduce the ring-improved free energy and calculate the Debye mass to order
$e^5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128918 </DOCNO>
The Contribution of the First Stars to the Cosmic Infrared Background


  We calculate the contribution to the cosmic infrared background from very
massive metal-free stars at high redshift. We explore two plausible
star-formation models and two limiting cases for the reprocessing of the
ionizing stellar emission. We find that Population III stars may contribute
significantly to the cosmic near-infrared background if the following
conditions are met: (i) The first stars were massive, with M > ~100 M_sun. (ii)
Molecular hydrogen can cool baryons in low-mass haloes. (iii) Pop III star
formation is ongoing, and not shut off through negative feedback effects. (iv)
Virialized haloes form stars at about 40 per cent efficiency up to the redshift
of reionization, z~7. (v) The escape fraction of the ionizing radiation into
the intergalactic medium is small. (vi) Nearly all of the stars end up in
massive black holes without contributing to the metal enrichment of the
Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72477 </DOCNO>
Koenigs function and branching processes


  An explicit solution of time-homogeneous pure birth branching processes is
described. It gives alternative extensions for the negative binomial
distribution (branching processes with immigration) and for the Furry-Yule
distribution (branching processes without immigration).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126598 </DOCNO>
Recent Progress in CdTe and CdZnTe Detectors


  Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) have been
regarded as promising semiconductor materials for hard X-ray and Gamma-ray
detection. The high atomic number of the materials (Z_{Cd} =48, Z_{Te} =52)
gives a high quantum efficiency in comparison with Si. The large band-gap
energy (Eg ~ 1.5 eV) allows us to operate the detector at room temperature.
However, a considerable amount of charge loss in these detectors produces a
reduced energy resolution. This problem arises due to the low mobility and
short lifetime of holes. Recently, significant improvements have been achieved
to improve the spectral properties based on the advances in the production of
crystals and in the design of electrodes. In this overview talk, we summarize
(1) advantages and disadvantages of CdTe and CdZnTe semiconductor detectors and
(2) technique for improving energy resolution and photopeak efficiencies.
Applications of these imaging detectors in future hard X-ray and Gamma-ray
astronomy missions are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148094 </DOCNO>
Supplementation of reducible constraints and the Green-Schwarz


  We apply the supplementation trick [26] to the Green-Schwarz superstring. For
type IIB theory both first and second class constraints are covariantly
separated and then arranged into irreducible sets in the initial formulation.
For N=1 Green-Schwarz superstring we propose a modified action which is
equivalent to the initial one. Fermionic first and second class constraints are
covariantly separated, the first class constraints turn out to be irreducible.
We discuss also equations of motion in the covariant gauge for
$\kappa$-symmetry. For type IIA theory the same modification leads to
formulation with irreducible second class constraints.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81285 </DOCNO>
An explicit example of HQET at one-loop order of perturbation theory


  As an explicit example of HQET, we construct correlation functions containing
a heavy-light axial current, both in the static approximation and in full QCD.
This enables us to investigate the size of finite mass effects. As we use the
lattice regularisation, we can also check the mass dependence of discretisation
errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148498 </DOCNO>
Orientifolds, RR Torsion, and K-theory


  We analyze the role of RR fluxes in orientifold backgrounds from the point of
view of K-theory, and demonstrate some physical implications of describing
these fluxes in K-theory rather than cohomology. In particular, we show that
certain fractional shifts in RR charge quantization due to discrete RR fluxes
are naturally explained in K-theory. We also show that some orientifold
backgrounds, which are considered distinct in the cohomology classification,
become equivalent in the K-theory description, while others become unphysical.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2521 </DOCNO>
Effect of Mg and C contents in MgCNi3, and structure and


  The effect of Mg and C contents on TC in MgCNi3, and structure and
superconductivity of MgCNi3-xCox were studied. It is found that the excess of
Mg and C in initial material mixture is favorable to improve TC and obtain
single-phase samples. For preparing MgCNi3 superconductor, the optimum
composition of starting materials is MgC1.45Ni3 with 20wt.% excess of Mg of the
stoichiometric composition. In MgCNi3-xCox system, a continuous solid solution
is formed, lattice parameter decreases slightly and TC decreases obviously with
increasing x. A suppression of superconductivity is observed due to the
substitution of Co (Mn) for Ni. The suppression effect is smaller for the
substitution of Co than that of Mn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169286 </DOCNO>
Path Integral Approach to the Non-Relativistic Electron Charge Transfer


  A path integral approach has been generalized for the non-relativistic
electron charge transfer processes. The charge transfer - the capture of an
electron by an ion passing another atom or more generally the problem of
rearrangement collisions is formulated in terms of influence functionals. It
has been shown that the electron charge transfer process can be treated either
as electron transition problem or as elastic scattering of ion and atom in the
some effective potential field. The first-order Born approximation for the
electron charge transfer cross section has been reproduced to prove the
adequacy of the path integral approach for this problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98574 </DOCNO>
Commensurability of graph products


  We define graph products of families of pairs of groups and study the
question when two such graph products are commensurable. As an application we
prove linearity of certain graph products.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41182 </DOCNO>
Study of the fragmentation of b quarks into B mesons at the Z peak


  The fragmentation of b quarks into B mesons is studied with four million
hadronic Z decays collected by the ALEPH experiment during the years 1991-1995.
A semi-exclusive reconstruction of B->l nu D(*) decays is performed, by
combining lepton candidates with fully reconstructed D(*) mesons while the
neutrino energy is estimated from the missing energy of the event. The mean
value of xewd, the energy of the weakly-decaying B meson normalised to the beam
energy, is found to be mxewd = 0.716 +- 0.006 (stat) +- 0.006 (syst) using a
model-independent method; the corresponding value for the energy of the leading
B meson is mxel = 0.736 +- 0.006 (stat) +- 0.006 (syst). The reconstructed
spectra are compared with different fragmentation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98666 </DOCNO>
Explicit and efficient formulas for the lattice point count in rational


  We give explicit, polynomial-time computable formulas for the number of
integer points in any two-dimensional rational polygon. A rational polygon is
one whose vertices have rational coordinates. We find that the basic building
blocks of our formulas are Dedekind-Rademacher sums, which are polynomial-time
computable finite Fourier series. As a by-product we rederive a reciprocity law
for these sums due to Gessel, which generalizes the reciprocity law for the
classical Dedekind sums. In addition, our approach shows that Gessel's
reciprocity law is a special case of the one for Dedekind-Rademacher sums, due
to Rademacher.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3598 </DOCNO>
Numerical results for the Anderson transition. Comment


  Answer to cond-mat/0106005 and cond-mat/0106006 and additional notes are
given concerning to my previous comment (cond-mat/0105324).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41160 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a narrow dip structure at 1.9 GeV/c$^2$ in $3\pi^+ 3\pi^- $


  A narrow dip structure has been observed at 1.9 GeV/c$^2$ in a study of
diffractive photoproduction of the $~3\pi^+3\pi^-$ final state performed by the
Fermilab experiment E687.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3144 </DOCNO>
Polaron and bipolaron formation in the Hubbard-Holstein model: role of


  The influence of next-nearest neighbor electron hopping, $t^{\prime}$, on the
polaron and bipolaron formation in a square Hubbard-Holstein model is
investigated within a variational approach. The results for electron-phonon and
electron-electron correlation functions show that a negative value of
$t^{\prime}$ induces a strong anisotropy in the lattice distortions favoring
the formation of nearest neighbor intersite bipolaron. The role of
$t^{\prime}$, electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions is briefly
discussed in view of the formation of charged striped domains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96147 </DOCNO>
Kaehler-Einstein metrics and compactifications of C^n


  In this paper we prove that, under natural assumptions, the scalar curvature
of a Kaehler-Einstein metric on a compactification of C^n is strictly positive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125330 </DOCNO>
Mid-Infrared Imaging of Candidate Vega-Like Systems


  We have conducted deep mid-infrared imaging of a relatively nearby sample of
candidate Vega-like stars using the OSCIR instrument on the CTIO 4-meter and
Keck II 10-meter telescopes. Our discovery of a spatially-resolved disk around
HR 4796A has already been reported (Jayawardhana et al. 1998). Here we present
imaging observations of the other members of the sample, including the
discovery that only the primary in the HD 35187 binary system appears to harbor
a substantial circumstellar disk and the possible detection of extended disk
emission around 49 Ceti. We derive global properties of the dust disks, place
constraints on their sizes, and discuss several interesting cases in detail.
Although our targets are believed to be main sequence stars, we note that
several have large infrared excesses compared to prototype Vega-like systems,
and may therefore be somewhat younger. The disk size constraints we derive, in
many cases, imply emission from relatively large ($\gtrsim$ 10$\mu$m) particles
at mid-infrared wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113570 </DOCNO>
An Invariant Formulation of Special Relativity, or the "True


  Different formulations of special relativity are theoretically discussed.
First an invariant formulation, i.e., the ''true transformations (TT)
relativity,'' is exposed. There a physical quantity is represented by a true
tensor which comprises both components and a basis. Also the usual covariant
formulation and the ''apparent transformations (AT) relativity'' are
considered. It is shown that all the experiments are in agreement with the ''TT
relativity'' but not always with the ''AT relativity.''

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85708 </DOCNO>
Post-Newtonian parameters for general black hole and spherically


  Black hole p-brane solutions for a wide class of intersection rules are
considered. The solutions are defined on a manifold which contains a product of
n-1 Ricci-flat "internal'' spaces. The post-Newtonian parameters "beta" and
"gamma" corresponding to a 4-dimensional section of the metric for general
intersection rules are studied. It is shown that "beta" does not depend but
"gamma" depends on brane intersections. For "block-orthogonal" intersection
rules spherically symmetric solutions are considered, and explicit relations
for post-Newtonian parameters are obtained. The bounds on parameters of
solutions following from observational restrictions in the Solar system are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97605 </DOCNO>
Local automorphisms of some quantum mechanical structures


  Let H be a separable infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space. We prove
that every continuous 2-local automorphism of the poset (that is, partially
ordered set) of all idempotents on H is an automorphism. Similar results
concerning the orthomodular poset of all projections and the Jordan ring of all
selfadjoint operators on H without the assumption on continuity are also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148628 </DOCNO>
Weyl multiplets of N=2 conformal supergravity in five Dimensions


  We construct the Weyl multiplets of N=2 conformal supergravity in five
dimensions. We show that there exist two different versions of the Weyl
multiplet, which contain the same gauge fields but differ in the matter field
content: the Standard Weyl multiplet and the Dilaton Weyl multiplet. At the
linearized level we obtain the transformation rules for the Dilaton Weyl
multiplet by coupling it to the multiplet of currents corresponding to an
on-shell vector multiplet. We construct the full non-linear transformation
rules for both multiplets by gauging the D=5 superconformal algebra F^2(4). We
show that the Dilaton Weyl multiplet can also be obtained by solving the
equations of motion for an improved vector multiplet coupled to the Standard
Weyl multiplet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128895 </DOCNO>
Polarization surveys of the Galaxy


  We report on sensitive 21cm and 11cm polarization surveys of the Galactic
plane carried out with the Effelsberg 100-m telescope at arcmin angular
resolution and some related work. Highly structured polarized emission is seen
along the Galactic plane as well as up to very high Galactic latitudes. These
observations reflect Faraday effects in the interstellar medium. Polarized
foreground and background components along the line of sight, modified by
Faraday rotation and depolarization, add in a complex way. The amplitudes of
polarized emission features are highly frequency dependent. Small-scale
components decrease in amplitude rapidly with increasing frequency. We stress
the need for sensitive absolutely calibrated polarization data. These are
essential for baseline setting and a correct interpretation of small-scale
structures. Absolutely calibrated data are also needed to estimate the
high-frequency polarized background. A recent study of polarized emission
observed across the local Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud complexes indicates
excessive synchrotron emission within a few hundred parsecs. These results
suggest that possibly a large fraction of the Galactic high latitude total
intensity and polarized emission is of local origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96837 </DOCNO>
Regularized traces and Taylor expansions for the heat semigroup


  We compute the coefficients in asymptotics of regularized traces and
associated trace (spectral) distributions for Schrodinger operators, with short
and long range potentials. A kernel expansion for the Schrodinger semigroup is
derived, and a connection with non-commutative Taylor formulas is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4532 </DOCNO>
Unexpected Metallic-like Behavior of the Resistance in the Dielectric


  We report unexpected features of the transport in the dielectric spin density
wave (SDW) phase of the quasi one-dimensional compound (TMTSF)_2PF_6: the
resistance exhibits a maximum and a subsequent strong drop as temperature
decreases below approximately 2K. The maximum in R(T) is not caused by
depinning or Joule heating of the SDW. The characteristic temperature of the
R(T) maximum and the scaling behavior of the resistance at different magnetic
fields B evidence that the non-monotonic R(T) dependence has an origin
different from the one known for the quantum Hall effect region of the phase
diagram. We also found that the borderline T_0(B,P) which divides the field
induced SDW region of the P-B-T phase diagram into the hysteresis and
non-hysteresis domains, terminates in the N=1 sub-phase; the borderline has
thus no extension to the SDW N=0 phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81082 </DOCNO>
The Calculation of the Perturbative Expansion of Wilson Loops on Lattice


  We introduce an approach to expand gauge-invariant Wilson operators on
lattice. This approach is based on non-abelian Stokes theorem and overcomes
some shortage of some former methods. It is also suitable for expanding any
Wilson operators on lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73860 </DOCNO>
On the neutrino flux from Gamma Ray Bursts: an overview


  Observations imply that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced by the
dissipation of the kinetic energy of a highly relativistic fireball.
Photo-meson interactions of protons with gamma-rays within the fireball
dissipation region are expected to convert a significant fraction of the
fireball energy into high energy neutrinos. In this talk we summarize the
results of an analysis of the internal shock model of GRBs, where production of
synchrotron photons and photo-meson neutrinos with energies about 10^14 eV are
self-consistently calculated. These neutrinos will be coincident with the GRB.
We show that the fraction of fireball energy converted into high energy
neutrinos is not sensitive to uncertainties in the fireball model parameters,
such as the expansion Lorentz factor and characteristic variability time. Other
processes of neutrinos emission from GRBs are also reviewed. Photomeson
interactions within the plasma region shocked by the reverse shock, may produce
a burst of 10^18 eV neutrinos following the GRB on the time scale of 10 s.
Inelastic p-n nuclear collisions result in the production of a burst of around
10 GeV neutrinos in coincidence with the GRB. Planned 1 km^3 neutrino
telescopes are expected to detect ten 100 TeV neutrino events and several 10^18
eV events, correlated with GRBs, per year. A suitably densely spaced detector
may allow the detection of several 10 GeV events per year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87161 </DOCNO>
Light Sheets and the Covariant Entropy Conjecture


  We examine the holography bound suggested by Bousso in his covariant entropy
conjecture, and argue that it is violated because his notion of light sheet is
too generous. We suggest its replacement by a weaker bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3293 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Resonance of Spin Clusters and Triplet Excitations in a


  The magnetic resonance spectrum of spin clusters formed in spin-Peierls
magnets in the vicinity of impurity ions was investigated. The observed
temperature dependences of the effective g-factor and the linewidth of the
electron spin resonance (ESR) in crystals of Cu(1-x)Ni(x)GeO(3) are described
in the model of the exchange narrowing of the two-component spectrum with one
component ascribed to spin clusters and exhibiting an anomalous value of the
$g$-factor and the other related to triplet excitations. An estimation of the
size of the suppressed dimerization region around the impurity ion is obtained
(this region includes about 30 copper ions). The dependence of the effective
g-factor and the ESR linewidth on the impurity concentration at low
temperatures indicates the interaction of clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149026 </DOCNO>
Survey of the Tachyonic Lump in Bosonic String Field Theory


  We study some properties of the tachyonic lumps in the level truncation
scheme of bosonic cubic string field theory. We find that several gauges work
well and that the size of the lump as well as its tension is approximately
independent of these gauge choices at level (2,4). We also examine the
fluctuation spectrum around the lump solution, and find that a tachyon with
m^2=-0.96 and some massive scalars appear on the lump world-volume. This result
strongly supports the conjecture that a codimension 1 lump solution is
identified with a D-brane of one lower dimension within the framework of
bosonic cubic string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 330 </DOCNO>
Effective temperatures in an exactly solvable model for a fragile glass


  A model glass is considered with one type of fast ($\beta$-type) of
processes, and one type of slow processes ($\alpha$-type). On time-scales where
the fast ones are in equilibrium, the slow ones have a dynamics that resembles
the one of facilitated spin models. The main features are the occurrence of a
Kauzmann transition, a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse behaviour for the relaxation
time, an Adam-Gibbs relation between relaxation time and configurational
entropy, and an aging regime. The model is such that its statics is simple and
its (Monte-Carlo-type) dynamics is exactly solvable. The dynamics has been
studied both on the approach to the Kauzmann transition and below it. In
certain parameter regimes it is so slow that it sets out a quasi-equilibrium at
a time dependent effective temperature. Correlation and Response functions are
also computed, as well as the out of equilibrium Fluctuation-Dissipation
Relation, showing the uniqueness of the effective temperature, thus giving
support to the rephrasing of the problem within the framework of out of
equilibrium thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124917 </DOCNO>
The Substellar Mass Function in sigma Orionis


  We combine results from imaging searches for substellar objects in the sigma
Orionis cluster and follow-up photometric and spectroscopic observations to
derive a census of the brown dwarf population in a region of 847 arcmin^2. We
identify 64 very low-mass cluster member candidates in this region. We have
available three color (IZJ) photometry for all of them, spectra for 9 objects,
and K photometry for 27% of our sample. These data provide a well defined
sequence in the I vs I-J, I-K color magnitude diagrams, and indicate that the
cluster is affected by little reddening despite its young age (~5 Myr). Using
state-of-the-art evolutionary models, we derive a mass function from the
low-mass stars (0.2 Msol) across the complete brown dwarf domain (0.075 Msol to
0.013 Msol), and into the realm of free-floating planetary-mass objects (<0.013
Msol). We find that the mass spectrum (dN/dm ~ m^{-alpha}) increases toward
lower masses with an exponent alpha = 0.8+/-0.4. Our results suggest that
planetary-mass isolated objects could be as common as brown dwarfs; both kinds
of objects together would be as numerous as stars in the cluster. If the
distribution of stellar and substellar masses in sigma Orionis is
representative of the Galactic disk, older and much lower luminosity
free-floating planetary-mass objects with masses down to about 0.005 Msol
should be abundant in the solar vicinity, with a density similar to M-type
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41211 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity Fluctuations in DIS


  The charged multiplicity fluctuations in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) are
investigated to test perturbative QCD and local parton hadron duality (LPHD).
The fluctuations were measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA in restricted
phase space domains in the current Breit frame region. The measurements are
compared to analytic pQCD + LPHD predictions and QCD-based Monte Carlo models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113600 </DOCNO>
QED classically - An intuitive approach


  This paper deals with QED-particles and the interaction between them on a
classical level. The Maxwell-equations are used mainly. (Proofs are not used in
a mathematical but intuitive sense.) In the first step the main statements are
presented. The corresponding proofs are given in the second and final step.
  Main statements: I. An electron/positron is a sink/source of electromagnetic
scalar quanta. II. These electromagnetic scalar field quanta should clearly be
identified with photons. III. Charge-charge interaction is easily conceivable.
IV. The magnetic vector field constitutes a flow of photons. V. It becomes
clear, why a charged particle is deflected perpendicular to the magnetic field
lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98838 </DOCNO>
The algebraic supergroup SL(m|n) and its quantum deformation


  We give the definitions of affine algebraic supervariety and affine algebraic
group through the functor of points and we relate them to the other definitions
present in the literature. We study in detail the algebraic supergroup
$SL(m|n)$ and give explicitly the Hopf algebra structure of the algebra
representing its functor of points. At the end we give also the quantization of
$SL(m|n)$ together with its coactions on suitable quantum spaces according to
Manin's philosophy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123341 </DOCNO>
X-ray Power Density Spectrum of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Akn 564


  Beginning in 1999 January, the bright, strongly variable Narrow-Line Seyfert
1 (NLS1) galaxy Akn 564 has been observed by RXTE once every ~4.3 days. It was
also monitored every ~3.2 hr throughout 2000 July. These evenly-sampled
observations have allowed the first quantitative comparison of long and short
time-scale X-ray variability in an NLS1 and the derivation of an X-ray Power
Density Spectrum (PDS). The variability amplitude in the short time-scale light
curve is very similar to that in the long time-scale light curve, in marked
contrast to the stronger variability on longer time-scales which is
characteristic of "normal" broad-line Seyfert 1s (BLS1s). Furthermore, the Akn
564 PDS power law cuts off at a frequency of 8.7x10^-7 Hz corresponding to a
timescale of ~13 d, significantly shorter than that seen in the PDS of NGC
3516, a BLS1 of comparable luminosity.
  This result is consistent with NLS1s showing faster (as opposed to larger
amplitude) variations than BLS1s, providing further evidence that NLS1s harbour
lower mass black holes than BLS1s of similar luminosity, accreting at a
correspondingly higher relative rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76917 </DOCNO>
Discerning Noncommutative Extra Dimensions


  Experimental limits on the violation of four-dimensional Lorentz invariance
imply that noncommutativity among ordinary spacetime dimensions must be small.
Noncommutativity among extra, compactified spatial dimensions, however, is far
less constrained and may have discernable collider signatures. Here we study
the experimental consequences of noncommutative QED in six dimensions, with
noncommutativity restricted to a TeV-scale bulk. Assuming the orbifold T^2/Z_2,
we construct the effective four-dimensional theory and study interactions
unique to the noncommutative case. New vertices involving the Kaluza-Klein (KK)
excitations of the photon yield order 100% corrections to the pair production
and to the decays of some of the lighter modes. We show that these effects are
difficult to resolve at the LHC, but are likely within the reach of a future
Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149084 </DOCNO>
Quantum field components of supersymmetric multiplets


  We adress the problem of Fock space representations of (free) multiplet
component fiels encountered in supersymmetric quantum field theory insisting on
positivity and causality. We look in detail on the scalar and Majorana
components of the chiral supersymmetric multiplet. Several Fock space
representations are introduced. The last section contains a short application
to the supersymmetric Epstein-Glaser method. The present paper is written in
the vane of axiomatic quantum field theory with applications to the causal
approach to supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 470 </DOCNO>
Cooperative Parrondo's Games


  We introduce a new family of Parrondo's games of alternating losing
strategies in order to get a winning result. In our version of the games we
consider an ensemble of players and use "social" rules in which the
probabilities of the games are defined in terms of the actual state of the
neighbors of a given player.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87010 </DOCNO>
Is it possible to test directly General Relativity in the gravitational


  In this paper the possibility of measuring some general relativistic effects
in the gravitational field of the Moon via selenodetic missions, with
particular emphasis to the future Japanese SELENE mission, is investigated. For
a typical selenodetic orbital configuration the post-Newtonian Lense-Thirring
gravitomagnetic and the Einstein's gravitoelectric effects on the satellites
orbits are calculated and compared to the present-day orbit accuracy of lunar
missions. It turns out that for SELENE's Main Orbiter, at present, the
gravitoelectric periselenium shift, which is the largest general relativistic
effect, is 1 or 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the experimental
sensitivity. The systematic error induced by the mismodelled classical
periselenium precession due to the first even zonal harmonic J2 of the Moon's
non-spherical gravitational potential is 3 orders of magnitude larger than the
general relativistic gravitoelectric precession. The estimates of this work
could be used for future lunar missions having as their goals relativistic
measurements as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86332 </DOCNO>
On blowup for Yang-Mills fields


  We study development of singularities for the spherically symmetric
Yang-Mills equations in $d+1$ dimensional Minkowski spacetime for $d=4$ (the
critical dimension) and $d=5$ (the lowest supercritical dimension). Using
combined numerical and analytical methods we show in both cases that generic
solutions starting with sufficiently large initial data blow up in finite time.
The mechanism of singularity formation depends on the dimension: in $d=5$ the
blowup is exactly self-similar while in $d=4$ the blowup is only approximately
self-similar and can be viewed as the adiabatic shrinking of the marginally
stable static solution. The threshold for blowup and the connection with
critical phenomena in the gravitational collapse (which motivated this
research) are also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174784 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity Distributions and Charged-Neutral Fluctuations


  We discuss the importance of event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions. We present results of multiplicity fluctuations of
photons and charged particles produced in 158$\cdot A$ GeV Pb+Pb collisions at
CERN-SPS. Multiplicity fluctuations agree with participant model calculations
indicating the absence of critical fluctuation. Localized fluctuations in
charged particles to photons have been analyzed and compared to various mixed
events. The results show localized fluctuations in both charged particles and
photons. However, no correlated DCC-like fluctuation is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75323 </DOCNO>
Compromise of Localized Graviton with a Small Cosmological Constant in


  A new mechanism which leads to a linearized massless graviton localized on
the brane is found in the $AdS$/CFT setting, {\it i.e.} in a single copy of
$AdS_5$ spacetime with a singular brane on the boundary, within the
Randall-Sundrum brane-world scenario. With an help of a recent development in
path-integral techniques, a one-parameter family of propagators for linearized
gravity is obtained analytically, in which a parameter $\xi$ reflects various
kinds of boundary conditions that arise as a result of the half-line
constraint. In the case of a Dirichlet boundary condition ($\xi = 0$) the
graviton localized on the brane can be massless {\it via} coupling constant
renormalization. Our result supports a conjecture that the usual
Randall-Sundrum scenario is a regularized version of a certain underlying
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 322 </DOCNO>
Single parameter scaling in 1-D localized absorbing systems


  Numerical study of the scaling of transmission fluctuations in the 1-D
localization problem in the presence of absorption is carried out. Violations
of single parameter scaling for lossy systems are found and explained on the
basis of a new criterion for different types of scaling behavior derived by
Deych et al [Phys. Rev. Lett., {\bf 84}, 2678 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6269 </DOCNO>
Vibrations in glasses and Euclidean Random Matrix theory


  We study numerically and analytically a simple off-lattice model of scalar
harmonic vibrations by means of Euclidean random matrix theory. Since the
spectrum of this model shares the most puzzling spectral features with the
high-frequency domain of glasses (non-Rayleigh broadening of the Brillouin
peak, boson peak and secondary peak), the Euclidean random matrix theory
provide a single and fairly simple theoretical framework to their explanation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174648 </DOCNO>
Directed and Elliptic Flow in $^{112}$Sn + $^{112}$Sn Collisions below


  The directed and elliptic flow in collisions of $^{112}Sn$ + $^{112}Sn$ at
energies from 35 to 90 MeV/nucleon were studied in an isospin-dependent quantum
molecule dynamics model (IQMD). With increasing incident energy, the directed
flow rises from the negative flow to the positive flow. Its magnitude depends
on the nuclear equation of state (EOS). However, the elliptic flow shows
decrease with increasing incident energy and its magnitude is not very sensible
to EOS. Systematic studies of the impact parameter dependence and cluster mass
dependence were also performed. The study of directed flow at intermediate
energies thus provides a means to extract the information on the nuclear
equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86459 </DOCNO>
Singularities of the closed RW metric in Regge Calculus: a generalized


  An evolution scheme is developed, based on Sorkin algorithm, to evolve the
most complex regular tridimensional polytope, the 600-cell. The solution of
600-cell, already studied before, is generalized by allowing a larger number of
free variables. The singularities of Robertson-Walker (RW) metric are studied
and a reason is given why the evolution of the 600-cell stops when its volume
is still far from zero. A fit of 600-cell's evolution with a continuos metric
is studied by writing a metric generalizing Friedmann's and including the
600-cell evolution too. The result is that the 600-cell meets a
causality-breaking point of space-time. We also shortly discuss the way matter
is introduced in Regge calculus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174624 </DOCNO>
Direct comparison of phase-space distributions of K- and K+ mesons in


  The ratio of K- to K+ meson yields has been measured in the systems RuRu at
1.69 A GeV, Ru+Zr at 1.69 A GeV, and Ni+Ni at 1.93 A GeV incident beam kinetic
energy. The yield ratio is observed to vary across the measured phase space.
Relativistic transport-model calculations indicate that the data are best
understood if in-medium modifications of the kaons are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7597 </DOCNO>
DNA Sequence Evolution with Neighbor-Dependent Mutation


  We introduce a model of DNA sequence evolution which can account for biases
in mutation rates that depend on the identity of the neighboring bases. An
analytic solution for this class of non-equilibrium models is developed by
adopting well-known methods of nonlinear dynamics. Results are presented for
the CpG-methylation-deamination process which dominates point substitutions in
vertebrates. The dinucleotide frequencies generated by the model (using
empirically obtained mutation rates) match the overall pattern observed in
non-coding DNA. A web-based tool has been constructed to compute single- and
dinucleotide frequencies for arbitrary neighbor-dependent mutation rates.
Alsoprovided is the backward procedure to infer the mutation rates using
maximum likelihood analysis given the observed single- and dinucleotide
frequencies. Reasonable estimates of the mutation rates can be obtained very
efficiently, using generic non-coding DNA sequences as input, after masking
outlong homonucleotide subsequences. Our method is much more convenient and
versatile to use than the traditional method of deducing mutation rates by
counting mutation events in carefully chosen sequences. More generally, our
approach provides a more realistic but still tractable description of
non-coding genomic DNA, and may be used as a null model for various sequence
analysis applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124115 </DOCNO>
When Photoionization Is Not Enough


  It is well-known that photoionization is the major mechanism powering nebulae
emission-lines. For about 30 years, numerical simulations using photoionization
codes have been employed to analyze HII regions, planetary nebulae and active
galactic nuclei. Although these models can reproduce most of the observed
features, some remain unexplained. Two possible causes for the discrepancies
between observations and model predictions are discussed in this paper: (a) the
models are not realistic enough; (b) an additional energy source is needed. The
discussion here is mainly based on the results of photoionization models for
the NW knot of I Zw 18.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128859 </DOCNO>
Mixing of Primordial Elements in a Supernova-Driven ISM


  In order to understand the time scales for complete mixing in a
supernova-driven ISM we used the model of Avillez (2000) to follow the mixing
and dispersal of inhomogeneities with different length scales. We included
tracer fields to follow the inhomogeneities in kpc-scale simulations with
different supernova rates. We find that an initially inhomogeneous ISM still
shows local variations and a clumpy distribution on time scales of several
hundred Myr. This clumpy structure does not disapear over a time of a few tens
of Myr, even if the rate of SNe is increased to ten times the Galactic rate.
These local variations occur because, even in the presence of numerical
diffusion, gas does not mix quickly between hot and cold regions. The lower
limit that we are able to place on the mixing time at the kpc scale is already
longer than the time for chemistry to reach local equilibrium in the gas. The
simulations also show that the time scale to erase inhomogeneities in the ISM
is nearly independent of their length scale over the range 25-500 pc, contrary
to what is expected from classical mixing length theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73051 </DOCNO>
QCD sum rules for rho mesons in nuclear matter


  We investigate QCD sum rules for vector currents in the rho meson channel in
the nuclear medium. For increased sensitivity, we subtract out the vacuum
contributions. With a saturation scheme often considered in the literature, we
find these subtracted sum rules to be unstable. It indicates the importance of
other contributions neglected in the saturation scheme. These include more
Landau singularities at low energy, additional operators in the medium, and
possibly the in-medium width of the rho meson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125834 </DOCNO>
From acoustic noise to cosmic structures - a simple model solved exactly


  Transition from the acoustic noise in the radiation dominated universe to the
density structures in the matter dominated epoch is considered. Instant change
in the equation of state from $p=\epsilon/3$ to $p=0$ is assumed. Description,
performed in the orthogonal gauge, is based on the identity of the propagation
equations for both the gravitational and the density waves in the early
universe. Stochastic properties of the initial acoustic field are adjusted to
the hyperbolic type of the sound propagation equation. Parallels to the
gravitational waves theory are emphasized. We show that Lichnerowicz conditions
at the decoupling set the specific initial data, due to which the perturbations
grow faster than the pure growing modes do. Universe with the instant
transition from radiational to matter dominated epoch realize 'bottom-up'
scenario of the formation of cosmic structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3992 </DOCNO>
Observation of Quantum Shock Waves Created with Ultra Compressed Slow


  We have used an extension of our slow light technique to provide a method for
inducing small density defects in a Bose-Einstein condensate. These
sub-resolution, micron-sized defects evolve into large amplitude sound waves.
We present an experimental observation and theoretical investigation of the
resulting breakdown of superfluidity. We observe directly the decay of the
narrow density defects into solitons, the onset of the `snake' instability, and
the subsequent nucleation of vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3029 </DOCNO>
An echo of an exciting light pulse in quantum wells


  The non-sinusoidal character oscillations appear in the transmitted,
reflected and absorbed light fluxes when light pulses irradiate a semiconductor
quantum well (QW), containing a large number of the equidistant energy levels
of electronic excitations. A damping echo of the exciting pulse appears through
the time intervals $2\pi\hbar/\Delta E$ in the case of the very short light
pulses $\gamma_l^{-1}\ll\hbar/\Delta E$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73498 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Zero Modes and Stability of Electroweak Strings


  We discuss massless and massive neutrino zero modes in the background of an
electroweak string. We argue that the eventual absence of the neutrino zero
mode implies the existence of topologically stable strings where the required
non-trivial topology has been induced by the fermionic sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114340 </DOCNO>
Common Software for the ALMA project


  The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) is a joint project between
astronomical organizations in Europe, USA and Japan. ALMA will consist of at
least 64 12-meter antennas operating in the millimeter and sub-millimeter
wavelength range, with baselines up to 10 km. It will be located at an altitude
above 5000m in the Chilean Atacama desert[1]. The ALMA Common Software (ACS)
provides a software infrastructure common to all partners and consists of a
documented collection of common patterns in control systems and of components,
which implement those patterns. The heart of ACS is an object model of
controlled devices, called Distributed Objects (DOs), implemented as CORBA
network objects. Components such as antenna mount, power supply, etc. are
defined by means of DOs. A code generator creates Java Bean components for each
DO. Programmers can write Java client applications by connecting those Beans
with data-manipulation and visualization Beans using commercial visual
development tools or programmatically. ACS is based on the experience
accumulated with similar projects in the astronomical and particle accelerator
contexts, reusing and extending concepts and components. Although designed for
ALMA, ACS has the potential for being used in other new control systems and
other distributed software projects, since it implements proven design patterns
using state of the art, stable and reliable technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97827 </DOCNO>
Finiteness results for hyperkaehler manifolds


  In this short note we prove that the number of deformation types of compact
hyperkaehler manifolds with prescribed second cohomology and second Chern class
is finite. The proof uses the finiteness result of Kollar and Matsusaka, a
formula by Hitchin and Sawon and the surjectivity of the period map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72902 </DOCNO>
Gauge-invariant description of W-pair production in NLO approximation


  The processes $e^{+}e^{-} \to 4f(\gamma)$ mediated by W-pair (and single)
production are considered in the framework of the modified perturbation theory,
based on the expansion of probability in powers of the coupling constant
instead of amplitude. A full set of one-loop corrections to cross-section, and
two-loop corrections to self-energy of unstable particles are completely taken
into consideration. It is shown that the manifestly non-factorizable
corrections do not make contributions into the next-to-leading-order
approximation. Moreover, the colour reconnection does not make contributions
within this precision, either. The rest of the corrections together with the
leading-order contribution provide the gauge-invariant description of the
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127421 </DOCNO>
Water in K and M giant stars unveiled by ISO


  Based on the spectra obtained with Infrared Space Observatory, ISO, we
detected the 6.3 micron bands of water in the late K giant Aldebaran (alpha
Tau) and several early M giant stars between M0 and M3.5, which have been
deemed to be too warm for tri-atomic H2O molecule to reside in their
photospheres. The water column densities range 2E+17 - 2E+18 molecules/cm**2 in
our sample of K and M giant stars and the excitation temperatures are 1500 K or
higher. Thus, the water bands are not originating in cool stellar winds either.
The presence of water in the K and early M giant stars was quite unexpected
from the traditional picture of the atmosphere of the red giant star consisting
of the photosphere, hot chromosphere, and cool wind. We confirm that a rather
warm molecule forming region (referred to as MOLsphere) should exist as a new
component of the atmosphere of red giant stars and that this should be a
general phenomenon in late-type stars. ~

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76839 </DOCNO>
Production & Decay of Quarkonium


  In this talk I review NRQCD predictions for the production of charmonium at
the Tevatron. After a quick presentation of the NRQCD factorization formalism
for production and decay I review some old results and discuss how they compare
to recent data. Following this I discuss some recent work done with Adam
Leibovich and Ira Rothstein.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76435 </DOCNO>
Inflationary Cosmology


  The big bang model and the history of the early universe according to the
grand unified theories are introduced. The shortcomings of big bang are
discussed together with their resolution by inflationary cosmology. Inflation,
the subsequent oscillation and decay of the inflaton, and the resulting
"reheating" of the universe are studied. The density perturbations produced by
inflation and the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation
are discussed. The hybrid inflationary model is described. Two "natural"
extensions of this model which avoid the disaster encountered in its standard
realization from the overproduction of monopoles are presented. Successful
"reheating" satisfying the gravitino constraint takes place after the end of
inflation in all three versions of hybrid inflation. Adequate baryogenesis via
a primordial leptogenesis occurs consistently with the solar and atmospheric
neutrino oscillation data. The primordial lepton asymmetry is turned partly
into baryon asymmetry via the sphalerons which are summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114084 </DOCNO>
Biot's theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated


  This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to the physically
inconsistent assumption of constant slip velocity, instead, see a new improved
model - physics/0201045.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74702 </DOCNO>
Probing colored glass via $q\bar{q}$ photoproduction


  In this paper, we calculate the cross-section for the photoproduction of
quark-antiquark pairs in the peripheral collision of ultra-relativistic nuclei,
by treating the color field of the nuclei within the Color Glass Condensate
model. We find that this cross-section is sensitive to the saturation scale
$Q_s^2$ that characterizes the model. In particular, the transverse momentum
spectrum of the produced pairs could be used to measure the properties of the
color glass condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149371 </DOCNO>
Boundary States for D-branes in $AdS_3$


  We construct boundary states representing D-strings in $AdS_3$. These wrap
twisted conjugacy classes of SL(2,R), and the boundary states are therefore
based on continuous representations only. We check Cardy's condition and find a
consistent open string spectrum. The open string spectrum on all the D-branes
is the same.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1479 </DOCNO>
Transmission delay times of localized waves


  We investigate the effects of wave localization on the delay time tau
(frequency sensitivity of the scattering phase shift) of a wave transmitted
through a disordered wave guide. Localization results in a separation
tau=chi+chi' of the delay time into two independent but equivalent
contributions, associated to the left and right end of the wave guide. For N=1
propagating modes, chi and chi' are identical to half the reflection delay time
of each end of the wave guide. In this case the distribution function P(tau) in
an ensemble of random disorder can be obtained analytically. For $N>1$
propagating modes the distribution function can be approximated by a simple
heuristic modification of the single-channel problem. We find a strong
correlation between channels with long reflection delay times and the dominant
transmission channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4756 </DOCNO>
Quantal Andreev billiards: Semiclassical approach to mesoscale


  Andreev billiards are finite, arbitrarily-shaped, normal-state regions,
surrounded by superconductor. At energies below the superconducting gap,
single-quasiparticle excitations are confined to the normal region and its
vicinity, the essential mechanism for this confinement being Andreev
reflection. This Paper develops and implements a theoretical framework for the
investigation of the short-wave quantal properties of these
single-quasiparticle excitations. The focus is primarily on the relationship
between the quasiparticle energy eigenvalue spectrum and the geometrical shape
of the normal-state region, i.e., the question of spectral geometry in the
novel setting of excitations confined by a superconducting pair-potential.
Among the central results of this investigation are two semiclassical trace
formulas for the density of states. The first, a lower-resolution formula,
corresponds to the well-known quasiclassical approximation, conventionally
invoked in settings involving superconductivity. The second, a
higher-resolution formula, allows the density of states to be expressed in
terms of: (i) An explicit formula for the level density, valid in the
short-wave limit, for billiards of arbitrary shape and dimensionality. This
level density depends on the billiard shape only through the set of
stationary-length chords of the billiard and the curvature of the boundary at
the endpoints of these chords; and (ii) Higher-resolution corrections to the
level density, expressed as a sum over periodic orbits that creep around the
billiard boundary. Owing to the fact that these creeping orbits are much longer
than the stationary chords, one can, inter alia, hear the stationary chords of
Andreev billiards.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2001 </DOCNO>
Shuttle Instability due to Resonant Tunneling of Electrons


  The effect of the coupling between mechanical vibrations of the dot placed
between two leads and resonant tunneling of electrons through a single level in
the dot has been studied by means of the nonequilibrium Keldysh formalism. We
have found that at voltages exceeding a certain critical value dynamical
instability occurs and mechanical vibrations of the dot develop into a stable
limit cycle. Current-voltage characteristics for the case of such developed
regime were calculated and were found to be in a good agreement with the recent
experiment with the single $C_{60}$-molecule transistor [Park et al.,
 Nature {\bf 407,} 57 (2000)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6892 </DOCNO>
Stripe and bubble phases in quantum Hall systems


  We present a brief survey of the charge density wave phases of a
two-dimensional electron liquid in moderate to weak magnetic fields where
several higher Landau levels are occupied. The review follows the chronological
development of this new and emerging field: from the ideas that led to the
original theoretical prediction of the novel ground states, to their dramatic
experimental discovery, to the currently pursued directions and open questions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 22 </DOCNO>
Multicomponent mixture of charged hard-sphere chain molecules in the


  The analytical solution of the recently proposed ideal chain polymer
mean-spherical approximation (Yu.Kalyuzhnyi, Mol.Phys., 94, 735(1998)) is
presented for the multicomponent mixture of charged hard-sphere linear chain
flexible molecules. The solution apply to any mixture of chain molecules with
arbitrary distribution of the charge and size of the beads along the molecular
backbone. Closed form analytical expressions for the internal energy, Helmholtz
free energy, chemical potentials and pressure are derived. By way of
illustration thermodynamical properties of several versions of the fluid of
charged chain molecules of different length, including the molecules with
uniform, diblock and alternating distribution of the charge are studied.
Theoretical predictions are in reasonable agreement with available computer
simulation predictions. We present also the liquid-gas phase diagrams for the
systems with diblock and alternating distribution of the charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129034 </DOCNO>
Optical observations of the supernova remnant AX J2001+3235


  We present results from a first analysis of optical data on G 69.4+2.4
obtained with the 0.3 m and 1.3 m telescopes at Skinakas Observatory.
Filamentary emission is detected in the [OIII] 5007 A and Halpha+[NII] images
oriented in the south-west, north-east direction. The Halpha+[NII] images
reveal a complex network of filaments, while the [OIII] images show a single
filament. Low resolution spectra were also obtained which identify the observed
emission as emission from shock heated gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6365 </DOCNO>
Fermi surface and superconducting gap of triple-layered


  We present a comprehensive study performed with high-resolution
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on triple-layered Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+d
single crystals. By measurements above TC the Fermi surface topology defined by
the Fermi level crossings of the CuO2-derived band was determined. A hole-like
Fermi surface as for single and double-CuO2 layered Bi-based cuprates is found,
giving new input to the current debate of the general Fermi surface topology of
the high Tc superconductors. Furthermore, we present measurements of the
superconducting gap of Bi-2223 and show that there are clear indications for a
strong anisotropy of the superconducting gap. The universal properties of this
phase in comparison to the other Bi-based cuprates will be discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125719 </DOCNO>
The "Extra-Solar Giant Planets" are Brown Dwarfs


  After an M, K, G, or F star forms, it magnetically compresses the infall
dregs to produce a close in brown dwarf.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150079 </DOCNO>
The spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg chain, the quantum algebra U_q[sl(2)], and


  The finite-size scaling spectra of the spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg chain with
toroidal boundary conditions and an even number of sites provide a projection
mechanism yielding the spectra of models with a central charge c<1 including
the unitary and non-unitary minimal series. Taking into account the
half-integer angular momentum sectors - which correspond to chains with an odd
number of sites - in many cases leads to new spinor operators appearing in the
projected systems. These new sectors in the XXZ chain correspond to a new type
of frustration lines in the projected minimal models. The corresponding new
boundary conditions in the Hamiltonian limit are investigated for the Ising
model and the 3-state Potts model and are shown to be related to duality
transformations which are an additional symmetry at their self-dual critical
point. By different ways of projecting systems we find models with the same
central charge sharing the same operator content and modular invariant
partition function which however differ in the distribution of operators into
sectors and hence in the physical meaning of the operators involved. Related to
the projection mechanism in the continuum there are remarkable symmetry
properties of the finite XXZ chain. The observed degeneracies in the energy and
momentum spectra are shown to be the consequence of intertwining relations
involving U_q[sl(2)] quantum algebra transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7153 </DOCNO>
Tripartite Entanglement in a Bose Condensate by Stimulated Bragg


  We show that it is possible to entangle three different many-particle states
by Bragg spectroscopy with nonclassical light in a Bose condensate of weakly
interacting atomic gases. Among these three states, two are of atoms
corresponding to two opposite momentum side-modes of the condensate; and the
other is of single-mode photons of the output probe beam. We demonstrate strong
dependence of the multiparticle entanglement on the quantum statistics of the
probe light. We present detailed results on entanglement keeping in view of the
possible experimental situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148487 </DOCNO>
Three-point functions for M^N/S^N orbifolds with N=4 supersymmetry


  The D1-D5 system is believed to have an `orbifold point' in its moduli space
where its low energy theory is a N=4 supersymmetric sigma model with target
space M^N/S^N, where M is T^4 or K3. We study correlation functions of chiral
operators in CFTs arising from such a theory. We construct a basic class of
chiral operators from twist fields of the symmetric group and the generators of
the superconformal algebra. We find explicitly the 3-point functions for these
chiral fields at large N; these expressions are `universal' in that they are
independent of the choice of M. We observe that the result is a significantly
simpler expression than the corresponding expression for the bosonic theory
based on the same orbifold target space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74651 </DOCNO>
Rare charm meson decays D->Pl^+l^- and c->ul^+l^- in SM and MSSM


  We study the nine possible rare charm meson decays D->Pl^+l^-
(P=pi,K,eta,eta') using the Heavy Meson Chiral Lagrangians and find them to be
dominated by the long distance contributions. The decay D^+ -> pi^+l^+l^- with
the branching ratio 1*10^(-6) is expected to have the best chances for an early
experimental discovery. The short distance contribution in the five Cabibbo
suppressed channels arises via the c->ul^+l^- transition; we find that this
contribution is detectable only in the D->pi l^+l^- decay, where it dominates
the differential spectrum at high-q^2. The general Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model can enhance the c->ul^+l^- rate by up to an order of magnitude;
its effect on the D->Pl^+l^- rates is small since the c->ul^+l^- enhancement is
sizable in low-q^2 region, which is inhibited in the hadronic decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41679 </DOCNO>
A New Model-Independent Analysis of $B \to X_s \gamma$ in Supersymmetry


  Using the example of the rare decay $B \to X_s \gamma$, we analyse the
importance of interference effects for the bounds on the parameters in the
squark mass matrices within the unconstrained MSSM. In former model-independent
analyses no correlations between the different sources of flavour violation
were taken into account. In our new analysis we include the contributions from
charged Higgs bosons, charginos and neutralinos and their interference effects
and, even more important, the effects that appear when several flavour
violating parameters, i.e. several off-diagonal elements in the squark mass
matrices, are switched on simultaneously. We derive new bounds on certain
off-diagonal elements of the squark-mass matrix which are in general one order
of magnitude weaker than the previous bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98775 </DOCNO>
Analysis on the minimal representation of O(p,q) -- II. Branching laws


  This is a second paper in a series devoted to the minimal unitary
representation of O(p,q).
  By explicit methods from conformal geometry of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds,
we find the branching law corresponding to restricting the minimal unitary
representation to natural symmetric subgroups.
  In the case of purely discrete spectrum we obtain the full spectrum and give
an explicit Parseval-Plancherel formula, and in the general case we construct
an infinite discrete spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126121 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter Equation of Motion and Density Profiles


  Cold dark matter simulations appear to disagree with the observations on
small distance scales. Here we consider a modified description of CDM particles
which is implied by a new fundamental theory: In this picture, the dark matter
is composed of supersymmetric WIMPs, but they are scalar bosons with an
unconventional equation of motion. The modified dynamics leads to much weaker
gravitational binding, and therefore to a reduced tendency to form small clumps
and central cusps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114319 </DOCNO>
Quantum theory of spontaneous emission by real moving atoms


  We outline the solution of a fundamental problem in quantum theory which has
hitherto lacked a proper solution, namely finding the requisite quantum
theoretical framework guaranteeing that the calculated inverse spontaneous
emission rate of a moving atom, as a composite system of charged particles
interacting with the Maxwell field, is slowed down exactly as in time dilation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125751 </DOCNO>
Chandra measurements of 3C 220.1's X-ray core and cluster


  We report results of an 18 ks exposure with the ACIS instrument on Chandra of
the powerful z = 0.62 radio galaxy 3C 220.1. The X-ray emission separates into
cluster gas of emission-weighted kT ~ 5 keV and 0.7-12 keV luminosity (to a
radius of 45 arcsec) 5.6 x 10^44 ergs s^-1, and unresolved emission (coincident
with the radio core). While the extended X-ray emission is clearly thermal in
nature, a straightforward cooling-flow model, even in conjunction with a
point-source component, is a poor fit to the radial profile of the X-ray
emission. This is despite the fact that the measured properties of the gas
suggest a massive cooling flow of ~ 130 M_\odot yr^-1, and the data show weak
evidence for a temperature gradient. The central unresolved X-ray emission has
a power-law spectral energy index \alpha ~ 0.7 and 0.7-12 keV luminosity 10^45
ergs s^-1, and any intrinsic absorption is relatively small. The two-point
spectrum of the core emission between radio and X-ray energies has \alpha_rx =
0.75. Since this is a flatter spectrum than seen in other sources where the
X-ray emission is presumed to be radio-related, regions close to the AGN in
this source may dominate the central X-ray output, as is believed to be the
case for lobe-dominated quasars. Simple unification models would be challenged
if this were found to be the case for a large fraction of high-power radio
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96600 </DOCNO>
Poisson structures in BRST-antiBRST invariant Lagrangian formalism


  We show that the specific operators V^a appearing in the triplectic formalism
can be viewed as the anti-Hamiltonian vector fields generated by a second rank
irreducible Sp(2) tensor. This allows for an explicit realization of the
triplectic algebra being constructed from an arbitrary Poisson bracket on the
space of the fields only, equipped by the flat Poisson connection. We show that
the whole space of fields and antifields can be equipped with an even
supersymplectic structure when this Poisson bracket is non-degenerate. This
observation opens the possibility to provide the BRST/antiBRST path integral by
a well-defined integration measure, as well as to establish a direct link
between the Sp(2) symmetric Lagrangian and Hamiltonian BRST quantization
schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149593 </DOCNO>
Three-Point Functions of Quarter BPS Operators in N=4 SYM


  In a recent paper hep-th/0109064, quarter-BPS chiral primaries were
constructed in the fully interacting four dimensional N=4 Super-Yang-Mills
theory with gauge group SU(N). These operators are annihilated by four
supercharges, and at order g^2 have protected scaling dimension and
normalization. Here, we compute three-point functions involving these
quarter-BPS operators along with half-BPS operators. The combinatorics of the
problem is rather involved, and we consider the following special cases: (1)
correlators < half half BPS > of two half-BPS primaries with an arbitrary
chiral primary; (2) certain classes of < half quarter quarter > and < quarter
quarter quarter > three-point functions; (3) three-point functions involving
the Delta < 8 operators found in hep-th/0109064; (4) < half quarter quarter>
correlators with the special quarter-BPS operator made of single and double
trace operators only. The analysis in cases (1)-(3) is valid for general N,
while (4) is a large N approximation. Order g^2 corrections to all three-point
functions considered in this paper are found to vanish.
  In the AdS/CFT correspondence, quarter-BPS chiral primaries are dual to
threshold bound states of elementary supergravity excitations. We present a
supergravity discussion of two- and three-point correlators involving these
bound states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6869 </DOCNO>
Taking N to zero with S matrices


  Interesting physical results can be obtained from sigma models by taking the
number of fields N to zero. I discuss how one can make sense of this limit by
using exact S matrix techniques. I review how this can be done for the case of
self-avoiding polymers, and speculate on the application to the replica limit
of disordered systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125544 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Number Counts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning


  We present bright galaxy number counts in five broad bands ($u', g', r', i',
z'$) from imaging data taken during the commissioning phase of the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The counts are derived from two independent stripes
of imaging scans along the Celestial Equator, one each toward the North and the
South Galactic cap, covering about 230 and 210 square degrees, respectively. A
careful study is made to verify the reliability of the photometric catalog. For
galaxies brighter than $r^* = 16$, the catalog produced by automated software
is examined against eye inspection of all objects. Statistically meaningful
results on the galaxy counts are obtained in the magnitude range $12 \le r^*
\le 21$, using a sample of 900,000 galaxies. The counts from the two stripes
differ by about 30% at magnitudes brighter than $r^*= 15.5$, consistent with a
local $2\sigma$ fluctuation due to large scale structure in the galaxy
distribution. The shape of the number counts-magnitude relation brighter than
$r^* = 16$ is well characterized by $N \propto 10^{0.6m}$, the relation
expected for a homogeneous galaxy distribution in a ``Euclidean'' universe. In
the magnitude range $ 16 < r^* < 21$, the galaxy counts from both stripes agree
very well, and follow the prediction of the no-evolution model, although the
data do not exclude a small amount of evolution. We use empirically determined
color transformations to derive the galaxy number counts in the $B$ and
$I_{814}$ bands. We compute the luminosity density of the universe at zero
redshift in the five SDSS bands and in the $B$ band. We find ${\cal L}_{B} =
2.4 \pm 0.4 \times 10^8L_\odot h $Mpc$^{-3}$, for a reasonably wide range of
parameters of the Schechter luminosity function in the $B$ band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113583 </DOCNO>
Absolute frequency measurement of the 171Yb+ clock transition with a


  We have measured the frequency of the $6s^2S_{1/2} - 5d^2D_{3/2}$
electric-quadrupole transition of $^{171}$Yb$^+$ with a relative uncertainty of
$1\times 10^{-14}$, $\nu_{Yb}$ = 688 358 979 309 312 Hz $\pm$ 6 Hz. A
femtosecond frequency comb generator was used to phase-coherently link the
optical frequency derived from a single trapped ion to a cesium fountain
controlled hydrogen maser. This measurement is one of the most accurate
measurements of optical frequencies ever reported, and it represents a
contribution to the development of optical clocks based on an $^{171}$Yb$^+$
ion standard.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72581 </DOCNO>
Dark Matter and the SUSY Mass Scale


  The connection between the present density of neutralinos that are left over
from the Big Bang and the superparticle mass scale is briefly reviewed.
Superparticle mass scales in the range from a few GeV to several TeV can lead
to an acceptable density of thermal relic neutralinos, the actual value
depending on relations between the masses of certain sparticles and Higgs
bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6105 </DOCNO>
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of the Linear-Chain


  The novel spin-chain cobalt oxide Sr5Pb3CoO12 [P-62m, a = 10.1093(2) A and c
= 3.562 51(9) A at 295 K] is reported. Polycrystalline sample of the compound
was studied by neutron diffraction (at 6 and 295 K) and magnetic susceptibility
measurements (5 to 390 K). The cobalt oxide was found to be analogous to the
copper oxide Sr5Pb3CoO12, which is comprised of magnetic-linear chains at
inter-chain distance of 10 A. Although the cobalt oxide chains (mu_eff of 3.64
mu_B per Co) are substantially antiferromagnetic (theta_W = -38.8 K), neither
low-dimensional magnetism nor long-range ordering has been found; a
local-structure disorder in the chains might impact on the magnetism. This
compound is highly electrically insulating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41073 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the anti-B ---> D* pi lepton anti-neutrino(lepton)


  A study of b semileptonic decays into D, D pi+- and D* pi+- final states is
presented. The D0, D+ and D*+ mesons are exclusively reconstructed in Z decay
data recorded from 1992 to 1995 in the DELPHI experiment at LEP. The overall
branching fractions are measured to be:
  BR(b -> D^0 \ell^- \bar{\nu}_{\ell} X) = (7.04 +/- 0.34 (stat) +/- 0.36
(syst.exp) +/- 0.17 (BR_D))%
  BR(b -> D^+ \ell^- \bar{\nu}_{\ell} X) = (2.72 +/- 0.19 (stat) +/- 0.16
(syst.exp) +/- 0.18 (BR_D))%
  BR(b -> D^{*+} \ell^- \bar{\nu}_{\ell} X) = (2.75 +/- 0.17 (stat) +/- 0.13
(syst.exp) +/- 0.09 (BR_D))%
  where the D0 and D+ results include also contributions from D*0 and D*+
decays. A fit to the distribution of the pi+- impact parameter to the primary
interaction vertex provides a measurement of the b semileptonic branching
fractions into the D0 pi+- X, D+ pi+- X and D*+ pi+- X final states. Assuming
that single pion decay modes of B mesons dominate, the partial rates for
\bar{B} -> D \pi \ell^- \bar{\nu_{\ell}} and \bar{B} -> D^{*} \pi \ell^-
\bar{\nu_{\ell}} have been obtained, corresponding to a total branching
fraction:
  BR(\bar{B} -> D \pi \ell^- \bar{\nu_{\ell}}) + BR(\bar{B} -> D^{*} \pi
\ell^- \bar{\nu_{\ell}}) = (3.40 +/- 0.52 (stat) +/- 0.32 (syst))% .
  This result agrees well with the observed difference between the total B
semileptonic branching fraction and the sum of the \bar{B} -> D \ell^-
\bar{\nu_{\ell}} and D^* \ell^- \bar{\nu_{\ell}} branching fractions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5189 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of quantum Hall stripes in double-quantum-well systems


  The collective modes of stripes in double layer quantum Hall systems are
computed using the time-dependent Hartree-Fock approximation. It is found that,
when the system possesses spontaneous interlayer coherence, there are two
gapless modes, one a phonon associated with broken translational invariance,
the other a pseudospin-wave associated with a broken U(1) symmetry. For large
layer separations the modes disperse weakly for wavevectors perpendicular to
the stripe orientation, indicating the system becomes akin to an array of
weakly coupled one-dimensional XY systems. At higher wavevectors the collective
modes develop a roton minimum associated with a transition out of the coherent
state with further increasing layer separation. A spin wave model of the system
is developed, and it is shown that the collective modes may be described as
those of a system with helimagnetic ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98888 </DOCNO>
Duality for Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov and Dynamical Equations


  We consider the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov (KZ) and dynamical equations, both
differential and difference, in the context of the $(gl_k,gl_n)$ duality. We
show that the KZ and dynamical equations naturally exchange under the duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149643 </DOCNO>
Cosmic optical activity from an inhomogeneous Kalb-Ramond field


  The effects of introducing a harmonic spatial inhomogeneity into the
Kalb-Ramond field, interacting with the Maxwell field according to a
`string-inspired' proposal made in earlier work are investigated. We examine in
particular the effects on the polarization of synchrotron radiation from
cosmologically distant (i.e. of redshift greater than 2) galaxies, as well as
the relation between the electric and magnetic components of the radiation
field. The rotation of the polarization plane of linearly polarized radiation
is seen to acquire an additional contribution proportional to the square of the
frequency of the dual Kalb-Ramond axion wave, assuming that it is far smaller
compared to the frequency of the radiation field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74347 </DOCNO>
Interference fragmentation functions and spin asymmetries


  A new class of fragmentation functions, arising from the interference of
different hadron production channels, is analyzed. Their symmetry properties
with respect to naive time-reversal transformations allow for the exploration
of final-state interactions occurring during and after the hadronization. Their
symmetry properties with respect to chiral transformations allow building spin
asymmetries where the quark transversity distribution can be factorized out at
leading twist. Explicit calculations will be shown for the interference
fragmentation functions arising from final-state interactions of two pions
detected in the same current jet for the case of semi-inclusive Deep-Inelastic
Scattering (DIS).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127418 </DOCNO>
The Halo Occupation Distribution: Towards an Empirical Determination of


  We investigate galaxy bias in the framework of the ``Halo Occupation
Distribution'' (HOD), which defines the bias of a population of galaxies by the
conditional probability P(N|M) that a dark matter halo of virial mass M
contains N galaxies, together with prescriptions that specify the relative
spatial and velocity distributions of galaxies and dark matter within halos. By
populating the halos of a cosmological N-body simulation using a variety of HOD
models, we examine the sensitivity of different galaxy clustering statistics to
properties of the HOD. The galaxy correlation function responds to different
aspects of P(N|M) on different scales. Obtaining the observed power-law form of
xi(r) requires rather specific combinations of HOD parameters, implying a
strong constraint on the physics of galaxy formation; the success of numerical
and semi-analytic models in reproducing this form is entirely non-trivial.
Other clustering statistics such as the galaxy-mass correlation function, the
bispectrum, the void probability function, the pairwise velocity dispersion,
and the group multiplicity function are sensitive to different combinations of
HOD parameters and thus provide complementary information about galaxy bias. We
outline a strategy for determining the HOD empirically from redshift survey
data. This method starts from an assumed cosmological model, but we argue that
cosmological and HOD parameters will have non-degenerate effects on galaxy
clustering, so that a substantially incorrect cosmological model will not
reproduce the observations for any choice of HOD. Empirical determinations of
the HOD as a function of galaxy type from the 2dF and SDSS redshift surveys
will provide a detailed target for theories of galaxy formation, insight into
the origin of galaxy properties, and sharper tests of cosmological models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149583 </DOCNO>
Toric Duality Is Seiberg Duality


  We study four N=1 SU(N)^6 gauge theories, with bi-fundamental chiral matter
and a superpotential. In the infrared, these gauge theories all realize the
low-energy world-volume description of N coincident D3-branes transverse to the
complex cone over a del Pezzo surface dP_3 which is the blowup of P^2 at three
generic points. Therefore, the four gauge theories are expected to fall into
the same universality class--an example of a phenomenon that has been termed
"toric duality." However, little independent evidence has been given that such
theories are infrared-equivalent.
  In fact, we show that the four gauge theories are related by the N=1 duality
of Seiberg, vindicating this expectation. We also study holographic aspects of
these gauge theories. In particular we relate the spectrum of chiral operators
in the gauge theories to wrapped D3-brane states in the AdS dual description.
We finally demonstrate that the other known examples of toric duality are
related by N=1 duality, a fact which we conjecture holds generally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150171 </DOCNO>
Collective coordinate quantization of $CP^1$ model coupled to Hopf term


  We show that the system where $CP^1$ model coupled to Hopf term can reveal
fractional spin in a collective coordinate quantization scheme, provided one
makes a transition to physically inequivalent sector within a same solitonic
sector characterized by a nonvanishing topological number

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149738 </DOCNO>
Generalized parity transformations in lattice Chern-Simons theory


  Regularization modifies the (odd) behaviour of the Abelian Chern-Simons
action under parity. This effect happens for any sensible regularization; in
particular, on the lattice. However, as in the chiral symmetry case, there
exist generalized parity transformations such that the regularized theory is
odd, and the corresponding operator verifies a Ginsparg-Wilson like relation.
We present a derivation of such a relation and of the corresponding symmetry
transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125477 </DOCNO>
Formation of Obscuring Walls by Radiation Force from Circumnuclear


  We explore the formation of dusty gas walls induced by a circumnuclear
starburst around an AGN. We concentrate our attention on the role of the
radiation force by a starburst as well as an AGN, where the effects of optical
depth of dusty gas are taken into consideration. In two-dimensional
axisymmetric space, we analyze the configuration and the stability of
geometrically thin walls which are in balance between radiation pressure and
gravity. As a result, it is shown that the radiation force by the circumnuclear
starburst works to stabilize optically thick walls surrounding the nucleus. In
the case of a brighter starburst with a fainter AGN, there form double walls,
an inner one of which is located between the nucleus and the circumnuclear
starburst, and an outer one of which enshrouds both the starburst regions and
the nucleus. The total extinction (Av) of both walls turns out to be ~10 for a
brighter starburst. As a consequence, double walls could heavily obscure the
nucleus to make the AGN type 2. The outer wall may provide an explanation for
the recent indications for large-scale obscuring materials in Seyfert 2's.
Also, it is predicted that the AGN type is shifts from type 2 to type 1 in
several times 10^7 yr according to the stellar evolution in the starburst. In
contrast, if the AGN itself is much brighter than the starburst as a quasar is,
then neither wall forms regardless of the starburst activity and the nucleus is
likely to be identified as type 1. To conclude, the radiatively-supported gas
walls could be responsible for the putative correlation between AGN type and
the starbursts, whereby Seyfert 2 galaxies are more frequently associated with
circumnuclear starbursts than type 1, whereas quasars are mostly observed as
type 1 regardless of star-forming activity in the host galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5327 </DOCNO>
The 2-D electron gas at arbitrary spin polarizations and arbitrary


  We use a recent approach [Phys. Rev. Letters, {\bf 84}, 959 (2000)] for
including Coulomb interactions in quantum systems via a classical mapping of
the pair-distribution functions (PDFs) for a study of the 2-D electron gas. As
in the 3-D case, the ``quantum temperature'' T_q of a classical 2-D Coulomb
fluid which has the same correlation energy as the quantum fluid is determined
as a function of the density parameter r_s. Spin-dependent exchange-correlation
energies are reported. Comparisons of the spin-dependent pair-distributions and
other calculated properties with any available 2-D quantum Monte Carlo (QMC)
results show excellent agreement, strongly favouring more recent QMC data. The
interesting novel physics brought to light by this study are: (a) the
independently determined quantum-temperatures for 3-D and 2-D are found to be
approximately the same, (i.e, universal) function of the classical coupling
constant Gamma. (b) the coupling constant Gamma increases rapidly with r_s in
2-D, making it comparatively more coupled than in 3-D; the stronger coupling in
2-D requires bridge corrections to the hyper- netted-chain method which is
adequate in 3-D; (c) the Helmholtz free energy of spin-polarized and
unpolarized phases have been calculated. The existence of a spin-polarized 2-D
liquid near r_s = 30, is found to be a marginal possibility. These results
pertain to clean uniform 2-D electron systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168242 </DOCNO>
A new Bell Inequality for Werner states


  Choosing four entangled stets to form an orthogonal and complete basis for a
two-particle system, we argue that a local hidden variable model should give
the probability of each entangled state if the two-particle system is described
by a mixed state. Under this condition, a new Bell inequality is derived for
the Werner states, and a nonlocality proof can be given for nonsequential
measurements PACS number: 03.65.Bz

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113632 </DOCNO>
Local law-of-the-wall in complex topography: a confirmation from wind


  It is well known that in a neutrally-stratified turbulent flow in a deep
constant-stress layer above a flat surface, the variation of the mean velocity
with respect to the distance from the surface obeys the logarithmic law (the
so-called ``law-of-the-wall''). More recently, the same logarithmic law has
been found also in the presence of non flat surfaces. It governs the dynamics
of the mean velocity (i.e. all the smaller scales are averaged out) and
involves renormalized effective parameters. Recent numerical simulations
analyzed by the authors of the present Letter show that a more intrinsic
logarithmic shape actually takes place also at smaller scales. Such a
generalized law-of-the-wall involves effective parameters smoothly depending on
the position along the underlying topography. Here, we present wind tunnel
experimental evidence confirming and corroborating this new-found property. New
results and their physical interpretation are also presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40859 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the ZZ cross-section in e+e- interactions at 183-189 GeV


  Measurements of on-shell ZZ production are described, using data collected by
DELPHI in 1997 and 1998, at centre-of-mass energies sqrt(s) = 182.6 GeV and
188.6 GeV respectively. Results obtained in each of the final states q qbar q
qbar, mu+mu- q qbar, e+e- q qbar, nu nubar q qbar, l+l-l+l-, and nu nubar l+l-
are presented. The measured cross-sections for on-shell ZZ production via the
tree-level doubly-resonant graphs (NC02) are: sigma_{NC02}(182.6 GeV) = 0.38 +-
0.18 (stat) +- 0.04 (syst) pb, sigma_{NC02}(188.6 GeV) = 0.60 +- 0.13 (stat) +-
0.07 (syst) pb. They are consistent with the Standard Model expectations of
0.25 pb and 0.65 pb at each energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81163 </DOCNO>
Majorana fermions on the lattice


  The Monte Carlo simulation of Majorana fermions is discussed on the example
of supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7113 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Strain effect and the phase diagram of


  Recent experiments in La$_{1-x}$Ba$_x$MnO$_3$ thin films by Zhang et al.
[Phys. Rev. B {\bf 64}, 184404 (2001)] showed that the ferromagnetic Curie
temperature $T_c$ is enhanced (reduced) by the tensile (compressive) strain.
The results are regarded as anomalous because it is generally understood by the
authors that the tensile strain should lead to a reduction of the electron
hopping $t$ (and thus also $T_c$) due to an elongation of the (in-plane) Mn-O
bond length induced by it. In this comment such a general understanding of the
strain effects is doubted. An alternative mechanism is proposed, i.e., the
tensile strain leads primarily to a larger Mn-O-Mn bond angle (with the Mn-O
bond length nearly unchanged), and thus to a natural enhancement of $t$. The
proposal, supported by experimental evidences, indicates a way to qualitatively
explain the findings by Zhang et al. and also some others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124872 </DOCNO>
The Cygnus Region: 26Al from OB Associations


  The COMPTEL map of the 1.809 MeV gamma-ray line, which is attributed to the
radioactive decay of 26Al, shows significant excess emission in the Cygnus
region. Cygnus is a region of recent star formation activity, which is rich in
massive, early-type stars concentrated in OB associations.
  We perform population synthesis studies of this region to model the
production and distribution of 26Al, which is predominantly synthesized in
massive stars and distributed through stellar winds and core-collapse
supernovae. Our simulations of the Cygnus OB associations determine the
time-dependent production rate of 26Al. We also estimate the associated
production of radioactive 60Fe, which is primarily synthesized in core-collapse
supernovae. Gamma-ray line emission from this isotope has yet to be detected.
We also track the temporal evolution of the mechanical "luminosity" due to the
kinetic energy of stellar winds and supernova ejecta, and the ionizing EUV
emission from early-type stars. Together with a simple one-dimensional model of
the superbubble driven into the ISM by this energy flux one can constrain key
parameters of the stellar associations in the Cygnus region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1790 </DOCNO>
Resonant radiation pressure on neutral particles in a waveguide


  A theoretical analysis of electromagnetic forces on neutral particles in an
hollow waveguide is presented. We show that the effective scattering cross
section of a very small (Rayleigh) particle can be strongly modified inside a
waveguide. The coupling of the scattered dipolar field with the waveguide modes
induce a resonant enhanced backscattering state of the scatterer-guide system
close to the onset of new modes. The particle effective cross section can then
be as large as the wavelength even far from any transition resonance. As we
will show, a small particle can be strongly accelerated along the guide axis
while being highly confined in a narrow zone of the cross section of the guide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5136 </DOCNO>
Fully relativistic calculation of magnetic properties of Fe, Co and Ni


  We present first principles calculations of the magnetic moments and magnetic
anisotropy energies of small Fe, Co and Ni clusters on top of a Ag(100) surface
as well as the exchange-coupling energy between two single adatoms of Fe or Co
on Ag(100). The calculations are performed fully relativistically using the
embedding technique within the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. The magnetic
anisotropy and the exchange-coupling energies are calculated by means of the
force theorem. In the case of adatoms and dimers of iron and cobalt we obtain
enhanced spin moments and, especially, unusually large orbital moments, while
for nickel our calculations predict a complete absence of magnetism. For larger
clusters, the magnitudes of the local moments of the atoms in the center of the
cluster are very close to those calculated for the corresponding monolayers.
Similar to the orbital moments, the contributions of the individual atoms to
the magnetic anisotropy energy strongly depend on the position, hence, on the
local environment of a particular atom within a given cluster. We find strong
ferromagnetic coupling between two neighboring Fe or Co atoms and a rapid,
oscillatory decay of the exchange-coupling energy with increasing distance
between these two adatoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126610 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Helix Formation Driven by Keplerian Disk Rotation in an


  We study the evolution of a magnetic arcade that is anchored to an accretion
disk and is sheared by the differential rotation of a Keplerian disk. By
including an extremely low external plasma pressure at large distances, we
obtain a sequence of axisymmetric magnetostatic equilibria and show that there
is a fundamental difference between field lines that are affected by the plasma
pressure and those are not (i.e., force-free). Force-free fields, while being
twisted by the differential rotation of the disk, expand outward at an angle of
$\sim 60^\circ$ away from the rotation axis, consistent with the previous
studies. These force-free field lines, however, are enclosed by the outer field
lines which originate from small disk radii and come back to the disk at large
radii. These outer fields experience most of the twist, and they are also
affected most by the external plasma pressure. At large cylindrical radial
distances, magnetic pressure and plasma pressure are comparable so that any
further radial expansion of magnetic fields is prevented or slowed down greatly
by this pressure. This hindrance to cylindrical radial expansion causes most of
the added twist to be distributed on the ascending portion of the field lines,
close to the rotation axis. Since these field lines are twisted most, the
increasing ratio of the toroidal $B_{\phi}$ component to the poloidal component
$B_{R,z}$ eventually results in the collimation of magnetic energy and flux
around the rotation axis. We discuss the difficulty with adding a large number
of twists within the limitations of the magnetostatic approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75073 </DOCNO>
Higgs Sector of the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model


  We perform an exhaustive analysis of the most general Higgs sector of the
minimal left-right symmetric model (MLRM). We find that the CP properties of
the vacuum state are connected to the Higgs spectrum: if CP is broken
spontaneously, the MLRM does not approach the Standard Model in the limit of a
decoupling left-right symmetry breaking scale. Depending on the size of the CP
phases scenarios with extra non-decoupling flavor-violating doublet Higgses or
very light SU(2) triplet Higgses emerge, both of which are ruled out by
phenomenology. For zero CP phases the non-standard Higgses decouple only if a
very unnatural fine-tuning condition is fulfilled. We also discuss
generalizations to a non-minimal Higgs sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73046 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Constants and Conservation Laws


  This work describes underlying features of the universe such as fundamental
constants and cosmological parameters, conservation laws, baryon and lepton
asymmetries, etc. in the context of local gauge theories for fundamental forces
under the constraint of the flat universe. Conservation laws for fundamental
forces are related to gauge theories for fundamental forces, their resulting
fundamental constants are quantitatively analyzed, and their possible
violations at different energy scales are proposed based on experimental
evidences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86282 </DOCNO>
Gravitational self force by mode sum regularization


  We propose a practical scheme for calculating the local gravitational
self-force experienced by a test mass particle moving in a black hole
spacetime. The method---equally effective for either weak or strong field
orbits---employs the {\em mode-sum regularization scheme} previously developed
for a scalar toy model. The starting point for the calculation, in this
approach, is the formal expression for the regularized self-force derived by
Mino et al. (and, independently, by Quinn and Wald), which involves a worldline
integral over the tail part of the retarded Green's function. This force is
decomposed into multipole (tensor harmonic) modes, whose sum is subjected to a
carefully designed regularization procedure. This procedure involves an
analytic derivation of certain ``regularization parameters'' by means of a
local analysis of the Green's function. This manuscript contains the following
main parts: (1) Introduction of the mode sum scheme as applied to the
gravitational case. (2) Two simple cases studied: the test case of a static
particle in flat spacetime, and the case of a particle at a turning point of a
radial geodesic in Schwarzschild spacetime. In both cases we derive all
necessary regularization parameters. (3) An Analytic foundation is set for
applying the scheme in more general cases. (In this paper, the mode sum scheme
is formulated within the harmonic gauge. The implementation of the scheme in
other gauges shall be discussed in a separate, forthcoming paper.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98975 </DOCNO>
High resolution conjugate filters for the simulation of flows


  This paper proposes a Hermite-kernel realization of the conjugate filter
oscillation reduction (CFOR) scheme for the simulation of fluid flows. The
Hermite kernel is constructed by using the discrete singular convolution (DSC)
algorithm, which provides a systematic generation of low-pass filter and its
conjugate high-pass filters. The high-pass filters are utilized for
approximating spatial derivatives in solving flow equations, while the
conjugate low-pass filter is activated to eliminate spurious oscillations
accumulated during the time evolution of a flow. As both low-pass and high-pass
filters are derived from the Hermite kernel, they have similar regularity,
time-frequency localization, effective frequency band and compact support.
Fourier analysis indicates that the CFOR-Hermite scheme yields a nearly optimal
resolution and has a better approximation to the ideal low-pass filter than
previously CFOR schemes. Thus, it has better potential for resolving natural
high frequency oscillations from a shock. Extensive one- and two-dimensional
numerical examples, including both incompressible and compressible flows, with
or without shocks, are employed to explore the utility, test the resolution,
and examine the stability of the present CFOR-Hermite scheme. Extremely small
ratio of point-per-wavelength (PPW) is achieved in solving the Taylor problem,
advancing a wavepacket and resolving a shock/entropy wave interaction. The
present results for the advection of an isentropic vortex compare very
favorably to those in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5866 </DOCNO>
Two-body correlations in Bose condensates


  We formulate a method to study two-body correlations in a condensate of N
identical bosons. We use the adiabatic hyperspheric approach and assume a
Faddeev like decomposition of the wave function. We derive for a fixed
hyperradius an integro-differential equation for the angular eigenvalue and
wave function. We discuss properties of the solutions and illustrate with
numerical results. The interaction energy is for N~20 five times smaller than
that of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2834 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Magnetoelastic model for the relaxation of lanthanide ions


  Lovesey and Staub have argued [S.W. Lovesey and U. Staub, Phys. Rev. B 61,
9130 (2000)] that experimental data on the temperature dependence of the
paramagnetic relaxation of lanthanide ions doped into YBa2Cu3O6+x are in
agreement with the predictions of a model that describes the relaxation as due
to the scattering of phonons via a magnetoelastic interaction. By generalising
their model I show that the level of agreement is strongly dependent on the
number of intermediate lanthanide energy levels included in the calculation,
and that inclusion of a more complete set of levels leads to very different
results that do not necessarily support the phonon damping picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86286 </DOCNO>
Many accelerating black holes


  We show how the Weyl formalism allows metrics to be written down which
correspond to arbitrary numbers of collinear accelerating neutral black holes
in 3+1 dimensions. The black holes have arbitrary masses and different
accelerations and share a common acceleration horizon. In the general case, the
black holes are joined by cosmic strings or struts that provide the necessary
forces that, together with the inter black hole gravitational attractions,
produce the acceleration. In the cases of two and three black holes, the
parameters may be chosen so that the outermost black hole is pulled along by a
cosmic string and the inner black holes follow behind accelerated purely by
gravitational forces. We conjecture that similar solutions exist for any number
of black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41229 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Production of Neutral Vector Mesons at THERA


  We consider the contribution to our understanding of vacuum-exchange
processes to be made by investigations at the proposed electron-proton collider
THERA. Recent results have highlighted the value of such studies for testing
quantum chromodynamical descriptions of both long-range and short-range strong
interactions. Stringent quantitative constraints have been provided by
exploiting the opportunity to correlate scaling behaviour with helicity
selection in exclusive and semi-exclusive vector-meson production. After
reviewing the progress achieved by the measurement programs presently being
carried out by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations at HERA, we discuss the
performance criteria imposed by such investigations on the THERA accelerator
complex and on the detector design. We conclude that the study of vector-meson
production will form an essential component of the THERA physics program
beginning with the early turn-on stage of the machine and continuing throughout
the achievement of its full high-luminosity potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113852 </DOCNO>
Microcanonical versus canonical ensemble of bosons in a 1D harmonic trap


  We consider a fixed number of noninteracting bosons in a harmonic trap. The
determination of the exact microcanonical ground state number fluctuation is a
difficult enterprise. There have been several theoretical attempts to solve
this problem approximately, especially in 1D models where analytic results were
found using some asymptotic formulae from number theory. Here, we obtain the
exact number fluctuation curves, and show that these exact curves are
substantially different from the results presented in literature for small
particle number and finite temperature. Further, we show how these approximate
microcanonical results may be derived using a canonical thermodynamics
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73077 </DOCNO>
Looking for the Charged Higgs Boson at LHC


  I discuss LHC signatures of the charged Higgs boson of the MSSM, focussing
mainly on the case of the charged Higgs boson being heavier than top quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40817 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Tau Branching Fractions into Leptons


  Using data collected with the L3 detector near the Z resonance, corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 150pb-1, the branching fractions of the tau
lepton into electron and muon are measured to be
 B(tau->e nu nu) = (17.806 +- 0.104 (stat.) +- 0.076 (syst.)) %,
 B(tau->mu nu nu) = (17.342 +- 0.110 (stat.) +- 0.067 (syst.)) %.
  From these results the ratio of the charged current coupling constants of the
muon and the electron is determined to be g_mu/g_e = 1.0007 +- 0.0051. Assuming
electron-muon universality, the Fermi constant is measured in tau lepton decays
as G_F = (1.1616 +- 0.0058) 10^{-5} GeV^{-2}. Furthermore, the coupling
constant of the strong interaction at the tau mass scale is obtained as
alpha_s(m_tau^2) = 0.322 +- 0.009 (exp.) +- 0.015 (theory).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7478 </DOCNO>
On integrable Hamiltonians for higher spin XXZ chain


  Integrable Hamiltonians for higher spin periodic XXZ chains are constructed
in terms of the spin generators; explicit examples for spins up to 3/2 are
given. Relations between Hamiltonians for some U_q(sl_2)-symmetric and
U(1)-symmetric universal r-matrices are studied; their properties are
investigated. A certain modification of the higher spin periodic chain
Hamiltonian is shown to be an integrable U_q(sl_2)-symmetric Hamiltonian for an
open chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85938 </DOCNO>
Remarks on the Bergmann-Thomsom Expression on Angular Momentum in


  Often it is asserted that only by using of the symmetric Landau-Lifschitz
energy-momentum complex one is able to formulate a conserved angular momentum
complex in General Relativity ({\bf GR}). Obviously, it is an uncorrect
statement. For example, years ago, Bergmann and Thomson have given other, very
useful expression on angular momentum. This expression is closely joined to the
non-symmetric, Einstein canonical energy-momentum complex. In the paper we
review the Bergmann-Thomson angular momentum complex and compare it with that
of given by Landau and Lifschitz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86323 </DOCNO>
New variables for the Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi dust solutions


  We re-examine the Lem\^aitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) solutions with a dust source
admitting symmetry centers. We consider as free parameters of the solutions the
initial value functions: $Y_i$, $\rho_i$ and $\Ri$, obtained by restricting the
curvature radius, $Y\equiv \sqrt{g_{\theta\theta}}$, the rest mass density,
$\rho$, and the 3-dimensional Ricci scalar of the rest frames, $\R$, to an
arbitrary regular Cauchy hypersurface, $\Ti$, marked by constant cosmic time
($t=t_i$). Using $Y_i$ to fix the radial coordinate and the topology
(homeomorphic class) of $\Ti$, and scaling the time evolution in terms of an
adimensional scale factor $y=Y/Y_i$, we show that the dynamics, regularity
conditions and geometric features of the models are determined by $\rho_i$,
$\Ri$ and by suitably constructed volume averages and contrast functions
expressible in terms of invariant scalars defined in $\Ti$. These quantities
lead to a straightforward characterization of initial conditions in terms of
the nature of the inhomogeneity of $\Ti$, as density and/or curvature
overdensities (``lumps'') and underdensities (''voids'') around a symmetry
center. In general, only models with initial density and curvature lumps evolve
without shell crossing singularities, though special classes of initial
conditions, associated with a simmultaneous big bang, allow for a regular
evolution for initial density and curvature voids. Specific restrictions are
found so that a regular evolution for $t>t_i$ is possible for initial voids. A
step-by-step guideline is provided for using the new variables in the
construction of LTB models and for plotting all relevant quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126906 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic radiation and motion of arbitrarily shaped particle


  Covariant form of equation of motion for arbitrarily shaped particle in the
electromagnetic radiation field is presented. Equation of motion in the proper
frame of the particle uses the radiation pressure cross section 3 $\times$ 3
matrix. The obtained equation of motion is compared with known result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5652 </DOCNO>
Susceptibility Inhomogeneity and Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in


  Magnetic susceptibility and muon spin rotation (\muSR) experiments have been
carried out to study the effect of structural disorder on the non-Fermi-liquid
(NFL) behavior of the heavy-fermion alloy Ce(Ru_{0.5}Rh_{0.5})_2Si_2. Analysis
of the bulk susceptibility in the framework of disorder-driven Griffiths-phase
and Kondo-disorder models for NFL behavior yields relatively narrow
distributions of characteristic spin fluctuation energies, in agreement with
\muSR linewidths that give the inhomogeneous spread in susceptibility. \muSR
and NMR data both indicate that disorder explains the "nearly NFL" behavior
observed above \sim2 K, but does not dominate the NFL physics found at low
temperatures and low magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1321 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of correlations in the stock market


  Financial empirical correlation matrices of all the companies which both, the
Deutsche Aktienindex (DAX) and the Dow Jones comprised during the time period
1990-1999 are studied using a time window of a limited, either 30 or 60, number
of trading days. This allows a clear identification of the resulting
correlations. On both these markets the decreases turn out to be always
accompanied by a sizable separation of one strong collective eigenstate of the
correlation matrix, while increases are more competitive and thus less
collective. Generically, however, the remaining eigenstates of the correlation
matrix are, on average, consistent with predictions of the random matrix
theory. Effects connected with the world globalization are also discussed and a
leading role of the Dow Jones is quantified. This effect is particularly
spectacular during the last few years, and it turns out to be crucial to
properly account for the time-zone delays in order to identify it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126534 </DOCNO>
A Possible Emission Feature in an X-ray Afterglow of GRB970828 as a


  A gamma-ray burst of 28 August 1997 was localized by the All-Sky Monitor on
the Rossi XTE satellite and its coordinates were promptly disseminated. An ASCA
followup started 1.17 days after the burst as a Target of Opportunity
Observation and detected an X-ray afterglow. The spectral data displayed a hump
around ~5 keV and an absorption column of 7.1 x 10^21 cm^{-2}. This hump
structure is likely a recombination edge of iron in the vicinity of the source,
taking account of the redshift z = 0.9578 found for the likely host galaxy of
the associated radio flare. Radiative Recombination edge and Continuum model
can interpret the spectrum from highly ionized plasma in a non equilibrium
ionization state. The absorption could be also due to the medium presumably in
the vicinity of the GRB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99094 </DOCNO>
Differential Calculus on Quantum Complex Grassmann Manifolds II:


  For differential calculi over certain right coideal subalgebras of quantum
groups the notion of quantum tangent space is introduced. In generalization of
a result by Woronowicz a one to one correspondence between quantum tangent
spaces and covariant first order differential calculi is established. This
result is used to classify differential calculi over quantum Grassmann
manifolds. It turns out that up to special cases in low dimensions there exists
exactly one such calculus of classical dimension 2r(N-r).
 Keywords: Quantum groups, quantum spaces, quantum Grassmann manifolds,
differential calculus

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81290 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of k-string tensions in SU(N) gauge theories


  We compute, for the four-dimensional SU(4) and SU(6) gauge theories
formulated on a lattice, the string tensions sigma_k related to sources with
Z_N charge k, using Monte Carlo simulations. Our results are compatible with
sigma_k \propto sin (k pi/N), and show sizeable deviations from Casimir
scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3879 </DOCNO>
Critical Behaviour near the Mott Metal-Insulator Transition in a


  The Mott metal-insulator transition in the two-band Hubbard model in infinite
dimensions is studied by using the linearized dynamical mean-field theory. The
discontinuity in the chemical potential for the change from hole to electron
doping is calculated analytically as a function of the on-site Coulomb
interaction $U$ at the $d$-orbital and the charge-transfer energy $\Delta$
between the $d$- and $p$-orbitals. Critical behaviour of the quasiparticle
weight is also obtained analytically as a function of $U$ and $\Delta$. The
analytic results are in good agreement with the numerical results of the exact
diagonalization method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129509 </DOCNO>
New Periodic Variables from the Hipparcos Epoch Photometry


  Two selection statistics are used to extract new candidate periodic variables
from the epoch photometry of the Hipparcos catalogue. The primary selection
criterion is a signal to noise ratio. The dependence of this statistic on the
number of observations is calibrated using about 30 000 randomly permuted
Hipparcos datasets. A significance level of 0.1% is used to extract a first
batch of candidate variables. The second criterion requires that the optimal
frequency be unaffected if the data are de-trended by low order polynomials. We
find 2675 new candidate periodic variables, of which the majority (2082) are
from the Hipparcos "unsolved" variables. Potential problems with the
interpretation of the data (e.g. aliasing) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81436 </DOCNO>
Towards the lattice study of M-theory (II)


  We present new results of the quenched simulations of the reduced D=4
supersymmetric Yang - Mills quantum mechanics for larger gauge groups SU(N),
2<N<9. The model, studied at finite temperature, reveals existence of the two
distinct regions which may be precursors of a black hole and the elementary D0
branes phases of M-theory conjectured in the literature. Present results for
higher groups confirm the picture found already for N=2. Similar behaviour is
observed in the preliminary simulations for the D=6 and D=10 models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128901 </DOCNO>
Solar coronal observations at high frequencies


  The Solar Eclipse Coronal Imaging System (SECIS) is a simple and extremely
fast, high-resolution imaging instrument designed for studies of the solar
corona. Light from the corona (during, for example, a total solar eclipse) is
reflected off a heliostat and passes via a Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope and
beam splitter to two CCD cameras capable of imaging at 60 frames a second. The
cameras are attached via SCSI connections to a purpose-built PC that acts as
the data acquisition and storage system. Each optical channel has a different
filter allowing observations of the same events in both white light and in the
green line (Fe XIV at 5303 A). Wavelet analysis of the stabilized images has
revealed high frequency oscillations which may make a significant contribution
on the coronal heating process. In this presentation we give an outline of the
instrument and its future development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6881 </DOCNO>
Optical Method for Determination of Carrier Density in Modulation Doped


  An optical method is suggested to determine the concentration of
two-dimensional electrons in modulation-doped quantum wells at low and moderate
electron densities between 10^{9} and 2x10^{11} cm^{-2}. The method is based on
an analysis of magneto-reflectivity spectra of charged excitons (trions). The
circular polarization degree and the oscillator strength of the charged
excitons contain information about the density and spin polarization of
two-dimensional electron gas. The method is applied to CdTe/(Cd,Mg)Te and
ZnSe/Zn,Mg)(S,Se) heterostructures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98002 </DOCNO>
Elliptic curves with large rank over function fields


  We produce explicit elliptic curves over Fp(t) whose Mordell-Weil groups have
arbitrarily large rank. Our method is to prove the conjecture of Birch and
Swinnerton-Dyer for these curves (or rather the Tate conjecture for related
elliptic surfaces) and then use zeta functions to determine the rank. In
contrast to earlier examples of Shafarevitch and Tate, our curves are not
isotrivial.
  Asymptotically these curves have maximal rank for their conductor. Motivated
by this fact, we make a conjecture about the growth of ranks of elliptic curves
over number fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76671 </DOCNO>
Perturbative QCD Analysis of Local Duality in a fixed W^2 Framework


  We study the global Q^2 dependence of large x, F_2 nucleon structure function
data, with the aim of providing a perturbative-QCD based, quantitative analysis
of parton-hadron duality. As opposed to previous analyses at fixed x, we use a
framework in fixed W^2. We uncover a breakdown of the twist-4 approximation
with a renormalon type improvement at O(1/Q^4) which, by affecting the initial
evolution of parton distributions, will have consequences for pQCD analyses
also at large x and very large Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2718 </DOCNO>
Generalized Statistics and the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem


  If the generalized statistics suggested by Tsallis are used in statistical
mechanics, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem no longer holds. Only in the
limiting case where Boltzmann statistics are recovered is the theorem
applicable. In spite of the fact that this allows for the possibility of
condensation in any dimension, it is demonstrated that this is not always
realized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76750 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium-hadron interactions in QCD


  The leading order non-relativistic QCD result for the quarkonium-hadron
interaction cross section is derived by using the QCD factorization formula
combined with the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude for the heavy quark bound state. Our
result shows the equivalence of this approach with the operator product
expansion even for the bound state scattering to leading order in QCD. We also
apply the formula to the charmonium system and investigate the relativistic
correction coming from the phase space of the reaction. We find that although
$J/\psi$-gluon cross-section gets a large relativistic correction at higher
energies, the correction becomes small in the $J/\psi$-hadron cross section due
to the increase of the gluon distribution at smaller $x$ inside the hadron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125334 </DOCNO>
Quiescent Thermal Emission from the Neutron Star in Aql X-1


  We report on the quiescent spectrum measured with Chandra/ACIS-S of the
transient, type-I X-ray bursting neutron star Aql X-1, immediately following an
accretion outburst. The neutron star radius, assuming a pure hydrogen
atmosphere and hard power-law spectrum, is $R_\infty$=13.4{+5}{-4} (d/5 \kpc)
km. Based on the historical outburst record of RXTE/ASM, the quiescent
luminosity is consistent with that predicted by Brown, Bildsten and Rutledge
from deep crustal heating, lending support to this theory for providing a
minimum quiescent luminosity of transient neutron stars. While not required by
the data, the hard power-law component can account for 18+/-8% of the 0.5-10
keV thermal flux. Short-timescale intensity variability during this observation
is less than 15% rms (3 sigma; 0.0001-1 Hz, 0.2-8 keV). Comparison between the
Chandra spectrum and three X-ray spectral observations made between Oct 1992
and Oct 1996 find all spectra consistent with a pure H atmosphere, but with
temperatures ranging from 145--168 eV, spanning a factor of 1.87+/-0.21 in
observed flux. The source of variability in the quiescent luminosity on long
timescales (greater than years) remains a puzzle. If from accretion, then it
remains to be explained why the quiescent accretion rate provides a luminosity
so nearly equal to that from deep crustal heating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96459 </DOCNO>
Asymptotically exact heuristics for (near) primitive roots. II


  Let g be a non-zero rational number. Let N_{g,t}(x) denote the number of
primes p<=x for which the subgroup of the multiplicative group of the finite
field having p elements that is generated by g mod p is of residual index t. In
Part I, which is published in J. Number Theory 83 (2000), 155-181, a heuristic
for N_{g,t}(x) was set up, under the assumption of the Generalized Riemann
Hypothesis (GRH), and shown to be asymptotically exact. In this preprint we
provide an alternative and rather shorter proof of this result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75295 </DOCNO>
On the Moduli Problem and Baryogenesis in Gauge-mediated SUSY Breaking


  We investigate whether the Affleck-Dine mechanism can produce sufficient
baryon number of the universe in the gauge-mediated SUSY breaking models, while
evading the cosmological moduli problem by late-time entropy production. We
find that the Q-ball formation renders the scenario very difficult to work,
irrespective of the detail mechanism of the entropy production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99156 </DOCNO>
On the Arrow property


  Let X be a finite set of alternatives. A choice function c is a mapping which
assigns to nonempty subsets S of X an element c(S) of S. A rational choice
function is one for which there is a linear ordering on the alternatives such
that c(S) is the maximal element of S according to that ordering. Arrow's
impossibility theorem asserts that under certain natural conditions, if there
are at least three alternatives then every non-dictatorial social choice gives
rise to a non-rational choice function. Gil Kalai asked if Arrow's theorem can
be extended to the case when the individual choices are not rational but rather
belong to an arbitrary non-trivial symmetric class of choice functions. The
main theorem of this paper gives an affirmative answer in a very general
setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4520 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Theory and Hydrodynamics for Rapid Granular Flow - A Perspective


  These are notes prepared for presentation at the workshop "Challenges in
Granular Matter" at the Abdus Salam Institute for Theoretical Physics, Trieste,
August 2001. Revisions and figures will be added at a later date.
  Many features of real granular fluids under rapid flow are replicated by a
system of smooth hard spheres with inelastic collisions. For such a system, it
is tempting to apply standard methods of kinetic theory and hydrodynamics to
calculate properties of interest. The domain of validity for such methods is a
priori uncertain due to the inelasticity, but recent systemmatic studies
continue to support the utility of kinetic theory and hydrodynamics as both
qualitative and quantitative descriptions for many physical states. The current
status of kinetic theory and hydrodynamics is reviewed and interpreted, with
the optimistic conclusion that much existing phenomenology can be placed on
firm grounds for further understanding of complex states observed in rapid
granular flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149429 </DOCNO>
Coupling the Superstring to a D-Brane Ramond-Ramond Background


  We propose a new approach for coupling the type II superstring to the
Ramond-Ramond background of D-branes in the RNS formalism, alternative to
introducing RR vertex operators. It is based on the mixing between
Ramond-Ramond p-form excitations in the closed string spectrum and
transversally polarized excitations in the open string spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114265 </DOCNO>
National Ignition Facility (NIF) Control Network Design and Analysis


  This paper describes the requirements, design, and analysis of the control
network for the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The network uses Ethernet
technology throughout and ATM is used for efficient digital video transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114194 </DOCNO>
Self Organization of Edge and Internal Pedestals in a Sandpile


  The temperature profiles of magnetically confined plasmas can display
distinctive longlived pedestals at the edge and internally. Here we show that
such structures can arise naturally through avalanching transport in a sandpile
model. A single control parameter that is constant across the sandpile
determines the occurrence and regularity of these effects, as well as the
entrainment of global confinement to edge pedestal dynamics. The system
dynamics indicate that the pedestals are a consequence of an inverse cascade in
real space, and that self organization is necessary for their occurrence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96709 </DOCNO>
Bounded geometry for Kleinian groups


  We show that a Kleinian surface group, or hyperbolic 3-manifold with a
cusp-preserving homotopy-equivalence to a surface, has bounded geometry if and
only if there is an upper bound on an associated collection of coefficients
that depend only on its end invariants. Bounded geometry is a positive lower
bound on the lengths of closed geodesics. When the surface is a once-punctured
torus, the coefficients coincide with the continued fraction coefficients
associated to the ending laminations. Applications include an improvement to
the bounded geometry versions of Thurston's ending lamination conjecture, and
of Bers' density conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 816 </DOCNO>
Interface Depinning in the Absence of External Driving Force


  We study the pinning-depinning phase transition of interfaces in the quenched
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang model as the external driving force $F$ goes towards zero.
For a fixed value of the driving force we induce depinning by increasing the
nonlinear term coefficient $\lambda$, which is related to lateral growth, up to
a critical threshold. We focus on the case in which there is no external force
applied (F=0) and find that, contrary to a simple scaling prediction, there is
a finite value of $\lambda$ that makes the interface to become depinned. The
critical exponents at the transition are consistent with directed percolation
depinning. Our results are relevant for paper wetting experiments, in which an
interface gets moving with no external driving force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97178 </DOCNO>
Smoothness and high energy asymptotics of the spectral shift function in


  Let H=\Delta+\sum_{#a=2} V_a be a 3-body Hamiltonian, H_a the subsystem
Hamiltonians, \Delta the positive Laplacian of the Euclidean metric on X_0=R^n,
V_a real-valued. Buslaev and Merkurev have shown that, if the pair potentials
decay sufficiently fast, for \phi smooth and compactly supported, the operator
\phi(H)-\phi(H_0)-\sum_{#a=2}(\phi(H_a)-\phi(H_0)) is trace class. Hence, one
can define a modified spectral shift function \sigma, as a distribution on R,
by taking its trace. In this paper we show that if V_a are Schwartz, then
\sigma is in fact smooth away from the thresholds, and obtain its high energy
asymptotics. In addition, we generalize this result to N-body scattering, N
arbitrary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85871 </DOCNO>
A nonlinear detection algorithm for periodic signals in gravitational


  We present an algorithm for the detection of periodic sources of
gravitational waves with interferometric detectors that is based on a special
symmetry of the problem: the contributions to the phase modulation of the
signal from the earth rotation are exactly equal and opposite at any two
instants of time separated by half a sidereal day; the corresponding is true
for the contributions from the earth orbital motion for half a sidereal year,
assuming a circular orbit. The addition of phases through multiplications of
the shifted time series gives a demodulated signal; specific attention is given
to the reduction of noise mixing resulting from these multiplications. We
discuss the statistics of this algorithm for all-sky searches (which include a
parameterization of the source spin-down), in particular its optimal
sensitivity as a function of required computational power. Two specific
examples of all-sky searches (broad-band and narrow-band) are explored
numerically, and their performances are compared with the stack-slide technique
(P. R. Brady, T. Creighton, Phys. Rev. D, 61, 082001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125039 </DOCNO>
Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters in supernova


  Important constraints on the properties of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs)
and Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters (SGRs) can be provided by their associations with
supernova remnants (SNRs). We have made a radio search for SNRs towards the
AXPs RX J170849-400910 and 4U 0142+61 - we find that the former lies near a
possible new SNR with which it is unlikely to be physically associated, but see
no SNR in the vicinity of the latter. We review all claimed pairings between
AXPs and SNRs; the three convincing associations imply that AXPs are young (<
10 000 yr) neutron stars with low projected space velocities (< 500 km/s).
Contrary to previous claims, we find no evidence that the density of the
ambient medium around AXPs is higher than that in the vicinity of radio
pulsars. Furthermore, the non-detection of radio emission from AXPs does not
imply that these sources are radio-silent. We also review claimed associations
between SGRs and SNRs. We find none of these associations to be convincing,
consistent with a scenario in which SGRs and AXPs are both populations of
high-field neutron stars ("magnetars") but in which the SGRs are an older or
longer-lived group of objects than are the AXPs. If the SGR/SNR associations
are shown to be valid, then SGRs must be high-velocity objects and most likely
represent a different class of source to the AXPs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86909 </DOCNO>
Classical and Quantum Solutions of 2+1 Dimensional Gravity under De


  We have studied classical and quantum solutions of 2+1 dimensional Einstein
gravity theory. Quantum theory is defined through the local conserved angular
momentum and mass operators in the case of spherically symmetric space-time.
The de Broglie-Bohm interpretation is applied for the wave function and we
derive the differential equations for metrics. Metrics including quantum effect
are obtained in solving these equations and we compare them with classical
metrics. Especially the quantum effect on the closed de Sitter universe is
evaluated quantitatively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128127 </DOCNO>
Neutron star blackbody contraction during flaring in X1624-490


  We present results of an investigation of the physical changes taking place
in the emission regions of the LMXB X1624-490 during strong flaring in RXTE
observations. Based on the detailed light curve, we propose that the flaring
consists of a superposition of X-ray bursts. It is shown that major changes
take place in the blackbody emission component, the temperature kT_BB
increasing to ~2.2 keV in flaring. Remarkably, the blackbody area decreases by
a factor of ~5 in flaring. During flare evolution, the blackbody luminosity
remains approximately constant, constituting a previously unknown Eddington
limiting effect which we propose is due to radiation pressure of the blackbody
as kT_BB increases affecting the inner disk or accretion flow resulting in a
decreased emitting area on the star. We argue that the large decrease in area
cannot be explained in terms of modification of the blackbody spectrum by
electron scattering in the atmosphere of the neutron star. The height of the
emitting region on the non-flaring neutron star is shown to agree with the
height of the inner radiatively-supported disk as found for sources in the ASCA
survey of LMXB of Church & Balucinska-Church (2001). The decrease in height
during flaring is discussed in terms of possible models, including radial
accretion flow onto the stellar surface and the theory of accretion flow
spreading on the neutron star surface of Inogamov & Sunyaev (1999). We
demonstrate that the intensity of the broad iron line at 6.4 keV is strongly
correlated with the luminosity of the blackbody emission from the neutron star,
and discuss the probable origin of this line in the ADC. Finally, possible
reasons for non-detection of a reflection component in this source, and LMXB in
general, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74242 </DOCNO>
String Breaking and Quarkonium Dissociation at Finite Temperatures


  Recent lattice studies of string breaking in QCD with dynamical quarks
determine the in-medium temperature dependence of the heavy quark potential.
Comparing this to the binding energies of different quarkonium states, we check
if these can decay into open charm/beauty in a confined hadronic medium. Our
studies indicate in particular that the chi_c and the psi dissociate into open
charm below the deconfinement point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76022 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Uncertainties in Sparticle Mass Predictions


  We contrast the sparticle spectra obtained from three modern publicly
available codes along model lines in minimal supersymmetric standard model
(MSSM) parameter space. From this we gain an idea of the uncertainties involved
with sparticle spectra calculations. The differences in predicted sparticle
masses are typically at the several percent-level. In the focus-point scenario,
there are differences of 30% in the weak gaugino masses. These uncertainties
need to be reduced in order to obtain accurate information about fundamental
models of supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149846 </DOCNO>
Heterotic string theory interrelations


  We establish a symmetry map which relates two low-energy heterotic string
theories with different numbers of the Abelian gauge fields compactified from
the diverse to three dimensions on a torus. We discuss two applications of the
established symmetry: a generation of the heterotic string theory solutions
from the stationary Einstein-Maxwell fields and one non-trivial submersion of
the heterotic string theory into the bosonic one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174839 </DOCNO>
Low-Mass Lepton Pair Production in Pb-Au Collisions at 40 AGeV


  The CERES/NA45 experiment at the CERN SPS has previously measured
$e^{+}e^{-}$ pair production in 160 AGeV Pb-Au collisions. In the mass region
m>0.2 GeV/c$^{2}$, an enhancement of $2.7\pm0.4(statist.)\pm0.5(syst.)$
compared to the expectation from known hadronic decay sources was observed. In
the 40 AGeV data taken in 1999, an enhancement is again found; a preliminary
analysis gives the even larger value of $4.5\pm1.2(statist.)$. The results are
compared to theoretical model calculations based on $\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$
annihilation with a modified $\rho$-propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148924 </DOCNO>
SUSY Breaking by Coexisting Walls


  Supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking without messenger fields is proposed. We assume
that our world is on a wall and SUSY is broken only by the coexistence of
another wall with some distance from our wall. The Nambu-Goldstone (NG) fermion
is localized on the distant wall. Its overlap with the wave functions of
physical fields on our wall gives the mass splitting of physical fields on our
wall thanks to a low-energy theorem. We propose that this overlap provides a
practical method to evaluate mass splitting in models with SUSY breaking due to
the coexistence of walls.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124108 </DOCNO>
Optical Color Gradients in Star-Forming Ring Galaxies


  We compute radial color gradients produced by an outwardly propagating
circular wave of star formation and compare our results with color gradients
observed in the classical ring galaxy, the ``Cartwheel''. We invoke two
independent models of star formation in the ring galaxies. The first one is the
conventional density wave scenario, in which an intruder galaxy creates a
radially propagating density wave accompanied by an enhanced star formation
following the Schmidt law. The second scenario is a pure self-propagating star
formation model, in which the intruder only sets off the first burst of stars
at the point of impact. Both models give essentially the same results.
Systematic reddening of B-V, V-K colors towards the center, such as that
observed in the Cartwheel, can be obtained only if the abundance of heavy
elements in the star-forming gas is a few times below solar. The B-V and V-K
color gradients observed in the Cartwheel can be explained as a result of
mixing of stellar populations born in a star-forming wave propagating through a
low-metallicity gaseous disk, and a pre-existing stellar disk of the size of
the gaseous disk with color properties typical to those observed in nearby disk
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124563 </DOCNO>
On the X-ray time lags in the black hole candidates


  It is shown that the energy dependence of the time lags in Cygnus X-1
excludes any significant contribution of the standard reflected component to
the observed lags. The conclusion is valid in the 0.1--10 Hz frequency range
where time lags have been detected with high enough significance. In fact the
data hint that reflected component is working in opposite direction, reducing
the lags at energies where contribution of the reflected component is
significant.
  We argue that the observed logarithmic dependence of time lags on energy can
be understood as due to the small variations of the spectrum power law index in
a very simple phenomenological model. We assume that an optically thin
flow/corona, emitting a power law like spectrum, is present at a range of
distances from the compact object. The slope of the locally emitted spectrum is
a function of distance with the hardest spectrum emitted in the innermost
region. If perturbations with different time scales are introduced to the
accretion flow at different radii the observed X-ray lags naturally appear due
to the inward propagation of perturbations on the diffusion time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98561 </DOCNO>
Connes-amenability and normal, virtual diagonals for measure algebras


  We prove that the measure algebra $M(G)$ of a locally compact group $G$ is
Connes-amenable if and only if $G$ is amenable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149750 </DOCNO>
Pair Production and Vacuum Polarization of Arbitrary Spin Particles with


  The exact solutions of the wave equation for arbitrary spin particles with
electric dipole and magnetic moments in the constant and uniform
electromagnetic field were found. The differential probability of pair
production of particles by an external electromagnetic field has been
calculated on the basis of the exact solutions. We have also estimated the
imaginary part of the constant and uniform electromagnetic field. The nonlinear
corrections to the Maxwell Lagrangian have been calculated taking into account
the vacuum polarization of arbitrary spin particles. The role of electric
dipole and magnetic moments of arbitrary spin particles in instability of the
vacuum is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149008 </DOCNO>
On the Local Equilibrium Principle


  A physical system should be in a local equilibrium if it cannot be
distinguished from a global equilibrium by ``infinitesimally localized
measurements''. This seems to be a natural characterization of local
equilibrium, however the problem is to give a precise meaning to the
qualitative phrase ``infinitesimally localized measurements''.
  A solution is suggested in form of a {\em Local Equilibrium Condition} (LEC)
which can be applied to non-interacting quanta.
  The Unruh temperature of massless quanta is derived by applying LEC to an
arbitrary point inside the Rindler Wedge.
  Massless quanta outside a hot sphere are analyzed. A stationary spherically
symmetric local equilibrium does only exist according to LEC if the temperature
is globally constant.
  Using LEC a non-trivial stationary local equilibrium is found for rotating
massless quanta between two concentric cylinders of different temperatures.
This shows that quanta may behave like a fluid with a B\'enard instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 805 </DOCNO>
Self-Organized Critical Random Boolean Networks


  Standard Random Boolean Networks display an order-disorder phase transition.
We add to the standard Random Boolean Networks a disconnection rule which
couples the control and order parameters. By this way, the system is driven to
the critical line transition. Under the influence of perturbations the system
point out self-organized critical behavior. Several numerical simulations have
been done and compared with a proposed analytical treatment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126392 </DOCNO>
Search for point sources and diffuse emission from the Galactic plane


  The HEGRA-IACT-system with a FoV of ~1.5 deg radius has been used for
surveying one quater of the Galactic disc in respect to point sources,
moderately extended sources and for diffuse emission in the energy range above
1 TeV. In total 140 h of good observation time were accumulated.
  No new source has been discoverd. Limits on the level of 20% or lower of the
Crab flux on about 87 potential sources like SNR, Pulsars and EGRET sources are
derived. A limit on the diffuse emission is given on the level of dPhi/dE(E=1
TeV) = 6.1 10^-15 ph cm-2 s-1 sr-1 Mev-1 resulting in a lower limit of 2.5 on
the spectral index for the extrapolation of the meassured EGRET flux for the
diffuse emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75176 </DOCNO>
Proton Electro-Magnetic Form-Factors in the Instanton Liquid Model


  We report the first non-perturbative calculation of proton electro-magnetic
form-factors in the Random Instanton Liquid Model (RILM) and in the Interacting
Instanton Liquid Model (IILM). By calculating the ratio of appropriate
three-point to two-point functions, we divide out the coupling constants and
compare our results directly to some integral of the form-factors. Using
various parameterizations of the electric form-factor $G_E(Q^2)$ at large
$Q^2>3.5 GeV^2$, where it is not yet measured, we compare those with expected
theoretical dependence. We find from this comparison that some distributions of
charge are clearly excluded (e.g. the same as of the magnetic moment, $\mu
G_E/G_M=1$, as well as the opposite scenario in which $\mu G_E/G_M$ rapidly
approach zero), restricting possible behavior of the form-factor to rather
narrow band.
  Furthermore, we found that our calculation of the nucleon form-factors is
dominated by a configuration in which two out of three quarks interact with a
$single$-instanton, in spite of the fact that the evaluated three-point
function has rather large distances ($\sim 1.2 fm$) between points. We also
estimate the size of the scalar di-quark and found it to be very small,
comparable to the typical instanton size.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96686 </DOCNO>
Integrality for TQFTs


  We discuss two ways that the ring of coeffients for a TQFT can be reduced if
one may restrict somewhat the allowed cobordisms. When we apply both methods to
a TQFT associated to SO(3) and an odd prime p, we obtain a functor from a
somewhat restricted cobordism category to the category of free finitely
generated modules over a ring of cyclotomic integers:Z [zeta_p], if p = -1 mod
4, and Z[zeta_{4p}], if p = 1 mod 4, where zeta_k is a primitive kth root of
unity. As a corollary, we obtain representations of central extensions of the
mapping class groups of surfaces defined over rings of integers. We obtain some
results on the quantum invariants of prime power order simple cyclic covers of
3-manifolds. We discuss new invariants coming from strong shift equivalence and
integrality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124566 </DOCNO>
Deep H I observations of the compact high-velocity cloud HVC125+41-207


  We present deep HI observations of the compact high-velocity cloud
HVC125+41-207 using the 100-m Effelsberg telescope. Our goal was in particular
to study the warm neutral medium (WNM) in detail. The Effelsberg data reveal a
two phase core/halo structure - one component with a velocity width of FWHM
approx 5 km/s (Westerbork data show FWHM approx 2 km/s, Braun & Burton 2000)
and one with FWHM approx 18 km/s. The column density distribution of the warmer
component is highly asymmetric and shows a head-tail structure. We performed a
Gaussian decomposition of the cloud and found that 52% of the HI mass of the
cloud is in the WNM. 24% of the WNM is located in the tail. The overall
structure and the systematic variation of the observational parameters radial
velocity, velocity dispersion and column density indicate that this cloud is
currently interacting with the ambient medium.
  The Westerbork HI data of this HVC (Braun & Burton 2000) reveal an
interesting dense condensation. Assuming that this condensation is virialized
and in pressure equilibrium with the ambient medium, we derive a distance of
130 kpc for HVC125+41-207. Following these considerations, it is possible to
constrain the parameters n_IGM < 7.8 10^-6 cm^-3 and T_IGM > 1.1 10^5 K of the
intergalactic medium of the Local Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95533 </DOCNO>
Problems and algorithms for affine semigroups


  In this article we overview those aspects of the theory of affine semigroups
and their algebras that have been relevant for our own research, and pose
several open problems. Answers to these problems would contribute substantially
to the further development of the theory.
  The paper treats two main topics: (1) affine semigroups and several covering
properties for them and (2) algebraic properties for the corresponding rings
(Koszul, Cohen-Macaulay, different ``sizes'' of the defining binomial ideals).
We emphasize the special case when the initial data are encoded into lattice
polytopes. The related objects -- polytopal semigroups and algebras -- provide
a link with the classical theme of triangulations into unimodular simplices.
  We have also included an algorithm for checking the semigroup covering
property in the most general setting. Our counterexample to certain covering
conjectures was found by the application of a small part of this algorithm. The
general algorithm could be used for a deeper study of affine semigroups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169418 </DOCNO>
Continuous variable teleportation of single photon states (Proceedings


  We investigate the changes to a single photon state caused by the non-maximal
entanglement in continuous variable quantum teleportation. It is shown that the
teleportation measurement introduces field coherence in the output.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149954 </DOCNO>
Permeable conformal walls and holography


  We study conformal field theories in two dimensions separated by domain
walls, which preserve at least one Virasoro algebra. We develop tools to study
such domain walls, extending and clarifying the concept of `folding' discussed
in the condensed-matter literature. We analyze the conditions for unbroken
supersymmetry, and discuss the holographic duals in AdS3 when they exist. One
of the interesting observables is the Casimir energy between a wall and an
anti-wall. When these separate free scalar field theories with different
target-space radii, the Casimir energy is given by the dilogarithm function of
the reflection probability. The walls with holographic duals in AdS3 separate
two sigma models, whose target spaces are moduli spaces of Yang-Mills
instantons on T4 or K3. In the supergravity limit, the Casimir energy is
computable as classical energy of a brane that connects the walls through AdS3.
We compare this result with expectations from the sigma-model point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128066 </DOCNO>
The Inner Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos


  I report on recent progress in our understanding of the structure of CDM
halos, and in particular of the inner mass profile of galaxy-sized systems.
Numerical simulations have consistently shown that the density profiles of CDM
halos steepen monotonically from the center outwards, with slopes shallower
than isothermal near the center and steeper than isothermal near the virial
radius. Ongoing debate centers on the precise radial dependence of the
logarithmic slope, as well as on whether it approaches a well defined
asymptotic central value. The latest high-resolution simulations suggest that
the circular velocity profile is well approximated by the model proposed by
Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW). On the other hand, the radial dependence of the
slope of the density profile differs modestly, but significantly, from the
model proposed by NFW. As a result, NFW fits tend to underestimate the density
at radii just inside the scale radius. Rather than implying a very steep (-1.5)
inner divergent slope, I argue that the data is actually best represented by a
model where the density profile becomes increasingly shallow with radius, with
little sign of approach to a well-defined asymptotic value. A model where the
{\it phase-space density profile} is a power law accounts well for these
results and suggests that the innermost slope may be as shallow as -0.75. These
conclusions are supported by a thorough numerical convergence study that
elucidates the effect of numerical parameters such as the timestep,
gravitational softening, and particle number, on the mass profile of simulated
dark matter halos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3311 </DOCNO>
Growing dynamics of Internet providers


  In this paper we present a model for the growth and evolution of Internet
providers. The model reproduces the data observed for the Internet connection
as probed by tracing routes from different computers. This problem represents a
paramount case of study for growth processes in general, but can also help in
the understanding the properties of the Net. Our main result is that this
network can be reproduced by a self-organized interaction between users and
providers that can rearrange in time. This model can then be considered as a
prototype model for the class of phenomena of aggregation process in social
networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97321 </DOCNO>
Projective bundles over hyperkaehler manifolds and stability of


  Let M be a K3 surface, B a stable bundle on M, and X the coarse moduli of
stable deformations of B. The Fourier-Mukai transform $FM$ is a functor from
the derived category $D_b(M)$ of coherent sheaves on M to $D_b(X)$. Consider a
stable bundle $B_1$ on M, and let $FM(B_1)$ be the corresponding complex of
coherent sheaves on X. Assume X is compact. It was conjectured that the
cohomology of the complex $FM(B_1)$ are (up to torsion) polystable sheaves on
X. This conjecture is known when the bundles $B$, $B_1$ have zero degree. We
prove it for arbitrary stable bundles $B$, $B_1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114183 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Radar Properties: Hidden Variables in Spacetime


  A derivation of the properties of pulsed radiative imaging systems is
presented with examples drawn from conventional, synthetic aperture, and
interferometric radar. A geometric construction of the space and time
components of a radar observation yields a simple underlying structural
equivalence between many of the properties of radar, including resolution,
range ambiguity, azimuth aliasing, signal strength, speckle, layover, Doppler
shifts, obliquity and slant range resolution, finite antenna size, atmospheric
delays, and beam and pulse limited configurations. The same simple structure is
shown to account for many interferometric properties of radar - height
resolution, image decorrelation, surface velocity detection, and surface
deformation measurement. What emerges is a simple, unified description of the
complex phenomena of radar observations. The formulation comes from fundamental
physical concepts in relativistic field theory, of which the essential elements
are presented. In the terminology of physics, radar properties are projections
of hidden variables - curved worldlines from a broken symmetry in Minkowski
spacetime - onto a time-serial receiver.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123785 </DOCNO>
An Integrated Procedure for Tree-Nbody Simulations: FLY and AstroMD


  We present a code allowing to evolve three-dimensional self-gravitating
collisionless systems with a large number of particles N >= 10^7. FLY (Fast
Level-based N-bodY code) is a fully parallel code based on a tree algorithm. It
adopts periodic boundary conditions implemented by means of the Ewald summation
technique. FLY is based on the one-side communication paradigm and was
originally developed on a CRAY T3E system using the SHMEM library and it was
ported on SGI ORIGIN 2000 and on IBM SP. FLY (http://www.ct.astro.it/fly/)
version 1.1 is an open source freely available code. FLY data output can be
analysed with AstroMD, an analysis and visualization tool specifically designed
to deal with the visualization and analysis of astrophysical data. AstroMD can
manage different physical quantities. It can find out structures without well
defined shape or symmetries, and perform quantitative calculations on selected
regions. AstroMD (http://www.cineca.it/astromd) is a freely available code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124798 </DOCNO>
Calculations of radio pulses from High Energy Showers


  In this article we review the progress made in understanding the main
characteristics of coherent \v{C}erenkov radiation induced by high energy
showers in dense media. A specific code developed for this purpose is described
because it took a significant part in this process. Subsequent approximations
developed for the calculation of radio pulses from EeV showers are reviewed.
Emphasis is given to the relation between the shower characteristics and
different features of the corresponding radio emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83893 </DOCNO>
Leveraging Software, Advocating Ideology: Free Software and Open Source


  This paper uses the software program Linux and the discourse around it in
order to examine how software programs can be used to articulate and defend
social and economic positions. Although I do not use the term "expression" in a
strict legal sense, I claim that in order to make policy decisions involving
software, it is important to understand how the functionality of software is
expressive. Another way to state this is that software programs like Linux are
socially meaningful through functionality and talk about functionality.
  In section I, I review some recent legal scholarship about software and
explain why understanding how embedded technical expression works is important
given the increasingly large role of software in governance. In section II, I
explore software construction as a combination of social and technical
practices. In section III, I describe some examples of meaning-making around
the software program Linux. In section IV I conclude with a short description
of why such analyses are important.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124653 </DOCNO>
An Ultraviolet through Infrared Look at Star Formation and Super Star


  We present broad-band (U, V, I,and H) and narrow-band(H-alpha+[N II] and
Paschen-alpha) images of the circumnuclear starburst rings in two nearby spiral
galaxies, NGC 1512 and NGC 5248, obtained with WFPC2 and NICMOS on HST.
Combined with HST images at 2300 Ang, these data provide a particularly wide
wavelength range with which to study the properties of the stellar populations,
the gas, and the dust in the rings. Some large (50-pc scale) line emitting
regions have little associated continuum emission, but a Pa equivalent width
indicating a few-Myr-old embedded stellar population. The Ha/Pa intensity
ratios suggest the gas is mixed with dust, making it effective at obscuring
some of the young clusters. We identify about 1000 compact continuum sources
(super star clusters and individual stars) and analyze their spectral energy
distributions (SEDs) from 0.2 to 1.6 micron by fitting them with a grid of
spectral synthesis models with a range of ages and extinctions. Most of the
visible clusters are only mildly reddened, with A_V=0 to 1 mag, suggesting that
the processes that clear out the gas and dust of the stellar birth clouds are
efficient and fast. The patchiness of the dust distribution makes it difficult
to estimate reliably the star formation rate, based on UV continuum slope or
hydrogen emission-line ratios. The cluster SEDs are consistent with a range in
ages, from 1 Myr to 300 Myr, but with only a minority older than a few tens of
Myr. However, after accounting for an age bias, the fraction of old clusters is
consistent with continuous star formation in the rings over the past ~300 Myr.
Some of the brightest young clusters have excess emission in the IR that may be
radiation by circumstellar dust. The cluster mass functions follow an m^-2
power-law distribution, distinct from those of old globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124401 </DOCNO>
A Non-Parametric Estimate of the Mass of the Central Black Hole in the


  We estimate the mass of the central black hole in our Galaxy from stellar
kinematical data published by Ghez et al. (1998) and Genzel et al. (2000). For
this we develop a method, related to Merritt (1993), for non-parametrically
reconstructing the mass profile and the stellar distribution function in the
central region of the Galaxy from discrete kinematic data, including velocity
errors. Models are searched using the Metropolis algorithm. We assume that the
mass distribution is spherical and the stellar velocity distribution is
isotropic, and devise a test of this assumption. From proper motions we obtain
an enclosed mass of $2.0\pm{0.7}\times10^6{\rm M}_{\odot}$ within the inner
$0.0044\rm pc$, from radial velocities we obtain a mass of
$2.2^{+1.6}_{-1.0}\times10^6{\rm M}_{\odot}$ within 0.046pc and from
three-dimensional velocities we obtain $1.8^{+0.4}_{-0.3}\times10^6{\rm
M}_{\odot}$ within 0.046pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97116 </DOCNO>
Geometria nieortodoksyjna


  This is an introductory text to differential geometry (written in Polish)
aimed for high-school students.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2165 </DOCNO>
Diffusion of a Deformable Body in a random Flow


  We consider a deformable body immersed in an incompressible liquid that is
randomly stirred. Sticking to physical situations in which the body departs
only slightly from its spherical shape, we calculate the diffusion constant of
the body. We give explicitly the dependence of the diffusion constant on the
velocity correlations in the liquid and on the size of the body. We emphasize
the particular case in which the random velocity field follows from thermal
agitation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41600 </DOCNO>
Statistical Errors in the Measurement of Particle Thresholds


  Simple rules of thumb are derived for the precision with which s-wave and
p-wave thresholds can be determined by a series of equally spaced cross section
mesasurements near threshold. Backgrounds and beam spreads are ignored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127905 </DOCNO>
Type 1 AGN Unification


  The model I recently proposed for the structure of quasars offers to unify
the many aspects of Type 1 AGN: emission lines, absorption lines and reflection
features. This makes the model heavily overconstrained by observation and
readily tested.
  Here I first outline the model, and then concentrate on how the model answers
objections raised since publication - with many of the tests being reported at
this meeting. I then begin to explore how these and future tests can
discriminate between this wind model and 3 well-defined alternatives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127506 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of line-driven disk winds


  I review the main results from recent 2-D, time-dependent hydrodynamic models
of radiation-driven winds from accretion disks in AGN. I also discuss the
physical conditions needed for a disk wind to be shielded from the strong
X-rays and to be accelerated to hypersonic velocities. I conclude with a few
remarks on winds in hot stars, low mass young stellar objects, cataclysmic
variables, low mass X-ray binaries, and galactic black holes and future work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148265 </DOCNO>
Floydian trajectories for stationary systems: a modification for bound


  The Floydian trajectory method of quantum mechanics and the appearance of
microstates of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation are reviewed and contrasted with
the Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics. The kinematic equation of
Floydian trajectories is analysed in detail and a new definition of the
variational derivative of kinetic energy with respect to total energy is
proposed for which Floydian trajectories have an explicit time dependence with
a frequency equal to the beat frequency between adjacent pairs of energy
eigenstates in the case of bound systems. In the case of unbound systems,
Floydian and Bohmian trajectories are found to be related by a local
transformation of time which is determined by the quantum potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123428 </DOCNO>
Comment on the first-order Fermi acceleration at ultra-relativistic


  As discussed in several resent papers the first-order Fermi acceleration
processes acting at ultra-relativistic shock waves lead to the unique
asymptotic spectral index \sigma ~= 2.2. Below, we discuss this result and
differences of its various derivations. We also note the not always appropriate
astrophysical applications of the discussed mechanism. In particular we point
out problems with postulating ultra-relativistic shocks as sources producing
the above assymptotic spectra at all \gamma >> 1 or as sources of the gamma ray
burst afterglows due to shock accelerated electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4881 </DOCNO>
Microwave and millimeter wave spectroscopy in the slightly hole-doped


  We have measured the temperature- and frequency dependence of the microwave
and millimeter wave conductivity $\sigma_1(T,\omega)$ along both the ladder
(c-axis) and the leg (a-axis) directions in Sr$_{14}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$. Below a
temperature $T^*$($\sim$170 K), we observed a stronger frequency dependence in
$\sigma_1^c(T,\omega)$ than that in $\sigma_1^a(T,\omega)$, forming a small
resonance peak developed between 30 GHz and 100 GHz. We also observed nonlinear
dc conduction along the c-axis at rather low electric fields below $T^*$. These
results suggest some collective excitation contributes to the c-axis charge
dynamics of the slightly hole-doped ladders of Sr$_{14}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$ below
$T^*$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168572 </DOCNO>
Entanglement between photons and atoms coupled out from a


  We study the limitations to the relative number squeezing between photons and
atoms coupled out from a homogeneous Bose-Einstein-Condensate. We consider the
coupling between the translational atomic states by two photon Bragg processes,
with one of the photon modes involved in the Bragg process in a coherent state,
and the other initially unpopulated. We start with an interacting Bose-
condensate at zero temperature and compute the time evolution for the system.
We study the squeezing, i.e. the variance of the occupation number difference
between the second photon and the atomic c.m. mode. We discuss how collisions
between the atoms and photon rescattering affect the degree of squeezing which
may be reached in such experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126227 </DOCNO>
Radio Observations of Infrared Luminous High Redshift QSOs


  We present Very Large Array (VLA) observations at 1.4 GHz and 5 GHz of a
sample of 12 Quasi-stellar Objects (QSOs) at z = 3.99 to 4.46. The sources were
selected as the brightest sources at 250 GHz from the recent survey of Omont et
al. (2001). We detect seven sources at 1.4 GHz with flux densities, S_{1.4} >
50 microJy. These centimeter (cm) wavelength observations imply that the
millimeter (mm) emission is most likely thermal dust emission. The
radio-through-optical spectral energy distributions for these sources are
within the broad range defined by lower redshift, lower optical luminosity
QSOs. For two sources the radio continuum luminosities and morphologies
indicate steep spectrum, radio loud emission from a jet-driven radio source.
For the remaining 10 sources the 1.4 GHz flux densities, or limits, are
consistent with those expected for active star forming galaxies. If the radio
emission is powered by star formation in these systems, then the implied star
formation rates are of order 1e3 M_solar/year. We discuss the angular sizes and
spatial distributions of the radio emitting regions, and we consider briefly
these results in the context of co-eval black hole and stellar bulge formation
in galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85995 </DOCNO>
On a scalar theory of gravitation


  That preferred-frame theory accounts for special relativity and reduces to it
if the gravitation field cancels. Starting from an interpretation of gravity as
a pressure force, it is based on just one scalar field. This scalar gives the
relation between the flat "background" metric and the curved "physical" metric,
due to an equivalence principle between the absolute effects of motion and
gravitation. The scalar is also a potential for the gravity acceleration
vector. Motion is governed by an extension of the special-relativistic form of
Newton's second law. This provides a new equation for continuum dynamics, that
gives the gravitational modification of Maxwell's equations, consistent with
photon dynamics. The same effects on light rays as in GR are predicted at the
post-Newtonian approximation (PNA). An asymptotic PNA is being studied, in
order to build a consistent celestial mechanics in the theory. The cosmic
acceleration is predicted and nonsingular cosmological models are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76275 </DOCNO>
Perturbative QCD Odderon and Diffractive eta_c Production


  The Odderon state in perturbative QCD is briefly reviewed. Recent
calculations devoted to estimate the diffrative eta_c production at high
energies from the leading known Odderon states are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6294 </DOCNO>
Pressure Studies on a High-$T_c$ Superconductor Pseudogap and Critical


  We report simultaneous hydrostatic pressure studies on the critical
temperature $T_c$ and on the pseudogap temperature $T^*$ performed through
resistivity measurements on an optimally doped high-$T_c$ oxide
$Hg_{0.82}Re_{0.18}Ba_2Ca_2Cu_3O_{8+\delta}$. The resistivity is measured as
function of the temperature for several different applied pressure below 1GPa.
We find that both $T_c$ and $T^*$ increases linearly with the pressure. This
result demonstrate that the well known intrinsic pressure effect on $T_c$ is
also present at $T^*$ and both temperatures are originated by the same
superconducting mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96807 </DOCNO>
On regular reduced products


  Assume <aleph_0,aleph_1>-><lambda,lambda^+>. Assume M is a model of a first
order theory T of cardinality at most lambda^+ in a vocabulary L(T) of
cardinality <= lambda . Let N be a model with the same vocabulary. Let Delta be
a set of first order formulas in L(T) and let D be a regular filter on lambda.
Then M is Delta-embeddable into the reduced power N^lambda/D, provided that
every Delta-existential formula true in M is true also in N. We obtain the
following corollary: for M as above and D a regular ultrafilter over lambda,
M^lambda/D is lambda^{++}-universal. Our second result is as follows: For i<mu
let M_i and N_i be elementarily equivalent models of a vocabulary which has has
cardinality <=lambda. Suppose D is a regular filter on mu and
<aleph_0,aleph_1>-><lambda,lambda^+> holds. We show that then the second player
has a winning strategy in the Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse game of length lambda^+ on
prod_i M_i/D and prod_i N_i/D. This yields the following corollary: Assume GCH
and lambda regular). For L, M_i and N_i as above, if D is a regular filter on
lambda, then prod_i M_i/D cong prod_i N_i/D .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127140 </DOCNO>
Chandra localization of KS1731--260


  We present the analysis of the Chandra image of KS 1731-260. The improvement
of the source localization (down to ~0.6'') allowed us to rule out 12 of 13
infrared companion candidates proposed by Barret et al. (1998). The remaining
possible infrared counterpart of KS 1731-260 (angular distance between sources
~1.45'', or ~2\sigma) has the brightness m_{J}~16 in the J band. If this star
is really the counterpart of KS 1731-260, the lower limit on its luminosity is
L_{tot}>L_{J,H}~10L_{\odot}. The strong drop of the X-ray flux from the source
allow us to propose the additional check of whether the decribed star is the
real counterpart of KS1731-260. If the optical and infrared brightness of the
binary system is partially caused by the reprocessing of X-rays, as it is usual
for the low mass binary systems, the infrared brightness of real counterpart
should strongly reduce in 2001, when the X-ray flux from KS1731-260 turned off
(Wijnands et al. 2001)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86971 </DOCNO>
Real null coframes in general relativity and GPS type coordinates


  Based on work of Derrick, Coll, and Morales, we define a `symmetric' null
coframe with {\it four real null covectors}. We show that this coframe is
closely related to the GPS type coordinates recently introduced by Rovelli.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7436 </DOCNO>
Strongly disordered spin ladders


  The effect of quenched disorder on the low-energy properties of various
antiferromagnetic spin ladder models is studied by a numerical strong disorder
renormalization group method and by density matrix renormalization. For strong
enough disorder the originally gapped phases with finite topological or dimer
order become gapless. In these quantum Griffiths phases the scaling of the
energy, as well as the singularities in the dynamical quantities are
characterized by a finite dynamical exponent, z, which varies with the strength
of disorder. At the phase boundaries, separating topologically distinct
Griffiths phases the singular behavior of the disordered ladders is generally
controlled by an infinite randomness fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125228 </DOCNO>
A Comparison of Independent Star Formation Diagnostics for a UV-Selected


  We present results from a decimetric radio survey undertaken with the Very
Large Array as part of a longer term goal to inter-compare star formation and
dust extinction diagnostics, on a galaxy by galaxy basis, for a representative
sample of nearby galaxies. For our survey field, Selected Area 57, star
formation rates derived from 1.4GHz luminosities are compared with earlier
nebular emission line and ultraviolet (UV) continuum diagnostics. We find broad
correlations, over several decades in luminosity, between H-alpha, the UV
continuum and 1.4GHz diagnostics. However, the scatter in these relations is
found to be larger than observational errors, with offsets between the observed
relations and those expected assuming constant star-formation histories and
luminosity-independent extinction models. We investigate the physical origin of
the observed relations, and conclude the discrepancies between different
star-formation diagnostics can only be partly explained by simple models of
dust extinction in galaxies. These models cannot by themselves explain all the
observed differences, introducing the need for temporally varying
star-formation histories and/or more complex models of extinction, to explain
the entire dataset.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149760 </DOCNO>
Bound monopoles in the presence of a dilaton


  We study axially symmetric monopoles of both the SU(2)
Yang-Mills-Higgs-Dilaton (YMHD) as well as of the SU(2)
Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs-Dilaton (EYMHD) system. We find that equally to
gravity, the presence of the dilaton field can render an attractive phase. We
also study the influence of a massive dilaton on the attractive phase in the
YMHD system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96009 </DOCNO>
Tensor product varieties and crystals. ADE case


  Let g be a simple simply laced Lie algebra. In this paper two families of
varieties associated to the Dynkin graph of g are described: ``tensor product''
and ``multiplicity'' varieties. These varieties are closely related to
Nakajima's quiver varieties and should play an important role in the geometric
constructions of tensor products and intertwining operators. In particular it
is shown that the set of irreducible components of a tensor product variety can
be equipped with a structure of g-crystal isomorphic to the crystal of the
canonical basis of the tensor product of several simple finite dimensional
representations of g, and that the number of irreducible components of a
multiplicity variety is equal to the multiplicity of a certain representation
in the tensor product of several others. Moreover the decomposition of a tensor
product into a direct sum is described geometrically (on the level of
crystals).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 676 </DOCNO>
Diffusion-Limited Reaction in One Dimension: Paired and Unpaired


  We consider the dynamics of diffusing particles in one space dimension with
annihilation on collision and nucleation (creation of particles) with constant
probability per unit time and length. The cases of nucleation of single
particles and nucleation in pairs are considered. A new method of analysis
permits exact calculation of the steady state density and its time evolution in
terms of the three parameters describing the microscopic dynamics: the
nucleation rate, the initial separation of nucleated pairs and the diffusivity
of a particle. For paired nucleation at sufficiently small initial separation
the nucleation rate is proportional to the square of the steady state density.
For unpaired nucleation, and for paired nucleation at sufficiently large
initial separation, the nucleation rate is proportional to the cube of the
steady state density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168376 </DOCNO>
Continuous-variable and hybrid quantum gates


  We provide several schemes to construct the continuous-variable SWAP gate and
present a Hermitian generalized many-body continuous controlled^n-NOT gate. We
introduce and study the hybrid controlled-NOT gate and controlled-SWAP gate,
and physical realizations of them are discussed in trapped-ion systems. These
continuous-variable and hybrid quantum gates may be used in the corresponding
continuous-variable and hybrid quantum computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96972 </DOCNO>
Analytic non-linearizable uniquely ergodic diffeomorphisms on the


  We study the behavior of diffeomorphisms, contained in the closure $\overline
{\A_\a}$ (in some natural topology) of the set $\A_\a$ of real-analytic
diffeomorphisms of the torus $\Bbb T^2$ to itself, conjugated to a rotation
$R_\a:(x,y)\mapsto (x + \a, y)$ by an analytic measure-preserving
transformation. We show that for a generic $\a\in [0,1]$ the generic
diffeomorphism in $\overline {\A_\a}$ is uniquely ergodic. We also prove that
$\overline {\A_\a}$ contains a dense set of diffeomorphisms that are minimal
and non-ergodic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73346 </DOCNO>
False vacuum decay: effective one-loop action for pair creation of


  An effective one-loop action built from the soliton field itself for the
two-dimensional (2D) problem of soliton pair creation is proposed. The action
consists of the usual mass term and a kinetic term in which the simple
derivative of the soliton field is replaced by a covariant derivative. In this
effective action the soliton charge is treated no longer as a topological
charge but as a Noether charge. Using this effective one-loop action, the
soliton-antisoliton pair production rate is calculated and one recovers Stone's
exponential factor and the prefactor of Kiselev, Selivanov and Voloshin. The
results are also valid straightforwardly to the problem of pair creation rate
of domain walls in dimensions greater than 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2887 </DOCNO>
Freezing in random graph ferromagnets


  Using T=0 Monte Carlo and simulated annealing simulation, we study the energy
relaxation of ferromagnetic Ising and Potts models on random graphs. In
addition to the expected exponential decay to a zero energy ground state, a
range of connectivities for which there is power law relaxation and freezing to
a metastable state is found. For some connectivities this freezing persists
even using simulated annealing to find the ground state. The freezing is caused
by dynamic frustration in the graphs, and is a feature of the local
search-nature of the Monte Carlo dynamics used. The implications of the
freezing on agent-based complex systems models are briefly considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114535 </DOCNO>
Radioseismology as a new method of investigations of meteor streams on


  Radioseismology is based on registration and interpretation of radio emission
of seismic origin. Non-thermal radio emission of the Moon was detectedat 13 and
21 cm on July 30 - August 2, 1999. Strong oscillations of the non-thermal lunar
radio flux at 25 mm were detected during the leonid meteor shower on November
17-18, 2000. The time of maxima of oscillations does not contradict theoretical
predictions about the existence of three maxima of the Leonid shower on the
Moon. These results can be explained as the detection of lunar radio emission
of seismic origin caused by meteoroid impacts. The implications of the
radioseismic method for determination of the intensity of meteor streams on the
Moon are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86807 </DOCNO>
Has the Universe always expanded ?


  We consider a cosmological setting for which the currently expanding era is
preceded by a contracting phase, that is, we assume the Universe experienced at
least one bounce. We show that scalar hydrodynamic perturbations lead to a
singular behavior of the Bardeen potential and/or its derivatives (i.e. the
curvature) for whatever Universe model for which the last bounce epoch can be
smoothly and causally joined to the radiation dominated era. Such a Universe
would be filled with non-linear perturbations long before nucleosynthesis, and
would thus be incompatible with observations. We therefore conclude that no
observable bounce could possibly have taken place in the early universe if
Einstein gravity together with hydrodynamical fluids is to describe its
evolution, and hence, under these conditions, that the Universe has always
expanded.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128026 </DOCNO>
Afterglow Light Curve Modulated by a Highly Magnetized Millisecond


  We investigate consequences of a continuously energy-injecting central engine
of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission, assuming that a highly magnetized
pulsar is left beaming in the core of a GRB progenitor. Beaming and continuous
energy-injection are natural consequences of the pulsar origin of GRB
afterglows. Whereas previous studies have considered continuous
energy-injection from a new-born pulsar to interpret the deviation of afterglow
light curves of GRBs from those with the simple power law behavior, a beaming
effect, which is one of the most important aspects of pulsar emissions, is
ignored in earlier investigations. We explicitly include the beaming effect and
consider a change of the beaming with time due to a dynamical evolution of a
new-born pulsar. We show that the magnitude of the afterglow from this fireball
indeed first decreases with time, subsequently rises, and declines again. One
of the most peculiar optical afterglows light curve of GRB 970508 can be
accounted for by continuous energy injection with beaming due to a highly
magnetized new-born pulsar. We discuss implications on such observational
evidence for a pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114300 </DOCNO>
Resonant Scattering of Muonic Hydrogen Atoms and Dynamics of Muonic


  Resonant scattering of muonic hydrogen atoms via back decay of molecular
complex, a key process in the understanding of epithermal muonic molecular
formation, is analyzed. The limitations of the effective rate approximation are
discussed and the importance of the explicit treatment of the back decay is
stressed. An expression of the energy distribution for the back-decayed atoms
is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73489 </DOCNO>
Geometric CP Violation with Extra Dimensions


  We discuss how CP symmetry can be broken geometrically through orbifold
projections in hidden extra dimensions in the context of D-brane models for
particle unifications. We present a few toy models to illustrate the idea and
suggest ways to incorporate this technique in the context of realistic models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73348 </DOCNO>
Comment on Neutrino Masses and Oscillations in an $SU(3)_L \times


  We discussed how neutrino masses and oscillations are radiatively generated
in an $SU(3)_L$ $\times$ $U(1)_N$ gauge model with a symmetry based on
$L_e-L_\mu-L_\tau$ ($\equiv$$L^\prime$). The model is characterized by lepton
triplets $\psi^i=(\nu^i,\ell^{-i},E^{-i})$, where $E^{-i}$ are negatively
charged heavy leptons, an $SU(3)_L$ triplet Higgs scalar $\xi$ and a singlet
Higgs scalar $k^{++}$. These Higgs scalars can be interpreted as a Zee's and
Zee-Babu's scalar for radiative mechanisms. We demonstrated that the mass
hierarchy of $\Delta m_{atm}^2$ $\gg$ $\Delta m_\odot^2$ arise as a consequence
of the dynamical hierarchy between $L^\prime$-conserving one-loop effects and
$L^\prime$-violating two-loop effects, and our model is relevant to yield
quasivacuum solution for solar neutrino problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76863 </DOCNO>
Dissociation of a Heavy Quarkonium at T<T_c


  We examine three different ways a heavy quarkonium can dissociate at
temperatures below the quark-gluon plasma phase transition temperature T_c:
spontaneous dissociation, dissociation by thermalization, and dissociation by
collision with hadrons. We evaluate the cross sections for the dissociation of
J/psi and Upsilon in collision with pion as a function of temperature, using
the quark-interchange model of Barnes and Swanson. We also evaluate the
dissociation temperatures for various quarkonia, and the fraction of quarkonium
lying above the dissociation threshold as a function of temperature, using an
interquark potential inferred from lattice gauge calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4424 </DOCNO>
Segregation in the Falicov-Kimball model


  The Falicov-Kimball model is a simple quantum lattice model that describes
light and heavy electrons interacting with an on-site repulsion; alternatively,
it is a model of itinerant electrons and fixed nuclei. It can be seen as a
simplification of the Hubbard model; by neglecting the kinetic (hopping) energy
of the spin up particles, one gets the Falicov-Kimball model.
   We show that away from half-filling, i.e. if the sum of the densities of
both kinds of particles differs from 1, the particles segregate at zero
temperature and for large enough repulsion. In the language of the Hubbard
model, this means creating two regions with a positive and a negative
magnetization.
   Our key mathematical results are lower and upper bounds for the sum of the
lowest eigenvalues of the discrete Laplace operator in an arbitrary domain,
with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The lower bound consists of a bulk term,
independent of the shape of the domain, and of a term proportional to the
boundary. Therefore, one lowers the kinetic energy of the itinerant particles
by choosing a domain with a small boundary. For the Falicov-Kimball model, this
corresponds to having a single `compact' domain that has no heavy particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149548 </DOCNO>
Weierstrass P-lumps


  We present our results of a numerical investigation of the behaviour of a
system of two solitons in the (2+1) dimensional $CP^1$ model on a torus.
Defined by the elliptic function of Weierstrass, and working in the Skyrme
version of the model, the soliton lumps exhibit splitting, scattering at right
angles and motion reversal in the various configurations considered. The work
is restricted to systems with no initial velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5882 </DOCNO>
Theory of Quantum Hall Nematics


  Transport measurements on two dimensional electron systems in moderate
magnetic fields suggest the existence of a spontaneously
orientationally-ordered, compressible liquid state. We develop and analyze a
microscopic theory of such a ``quantum Hall nematic'' (QHN) phase, predict the
existence of a novel, highly anisotropic $q^3$ density-director mode, find that
the T=0 long-range orientational order is unstable to weak disorder, and
compute the tunneling into such a strongly correlated state. This microscopic
approach is supported and complemented by a hydrodynamic model of the QHN,
which, in the dissipationless limit, reproduces the modes of the microscopic
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83885 </DOCNO>
Assessing the Effectiveness of Section 271 Five Years After the


  A major goal of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 is to promote competition
in both the local exchange and long distance wireline markets. In section 271
Congress permitted the Bell Operating Companies (BOCs) to enter the long
distance market only if they demonstrate to the FCC that they have complied
with the market-opening requirements of section 251. This paper examines the
logic behind section 271, to determine if it is a reasonable means of achieving
increased competition in both the local and long distance markets, given the
technical characteristics of the industry and the legal and informational
constraints on regulators who must ensure compliance. It also provides an
update on the extent of competitive entry in the local exchange market five
years after enactment of the Act.
  In this paper we examine a variety of schemes for ensuring BOC compliance
that Congress could have used. Given the characteristics of the industry and
the limitations on regulators' ability to observe BOC's efforts, we determine
that the use of a prize such as BOC entry into long distance is a superior
incentive mechanism. We further determine that conditioning a BOC's long
distance entry on its demonstrating compliance with section 251 is a logical
method of protecting the long distance market against a BOC discriminating
against long distance competitors once it has gained entry. The statistical
evidence we look at, using data we have collected on ILEC lines sold to CLECs
for POTS services, appears to confirm that section 271 has thus far been
effective in ensuring compliance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85992 </DOCNO>
On the energy-momentum current of the electromagnetic field in a


  We complete a metric-free axiomatic framework for electrodynamics by
introducing the appropriate energy-momentum current Sigma of the
electromagnetic field. We start from the Lorentz force density and motivate the
form of Sigma. Then we postulate it (fourth axiom) and discuss its properties.
In particular, it is found that Sigma is traceless and invariant under an
electric-magnetic reciprocity transformation. By using the Maxwell-Lorentz
spacetime relation (fifth axiom), Sigma is also shown to be symmetric, that is,
it has 9 independent components

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168739 </DOCNO>
Photonic Entanglement for Fundamental Tests and Quantum Communication


  Entanglement is at the heart of fundamental tests of quantum mechanics like
tests of Bell-inequalities and, as discovered lately, of quantum computation
and communication. Their technological advance made entangled photons play an
outstanding role in entanglement physics. We give a generalized concept of
qubit entanglement and review the state of the art of photonic experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97102 </DOCNO>
Quadratic Orlik-Solomon algebras of graphic matroids


  Let M be a simple matroid of rank r on the ground set {1,...,n} with set of
circuits C and E be the exterior algebra on the points. The Orlik-Solomon ideal
I(C'), determined by a subset C' of C is the ideal of E generated by the
``boundaries'' of the circuits of C'. If C(k) is the set of the circuits with
at most k elements, we say that I(C(k)) is the l-adic ideal. The Orlik-Solomon
algebra OS(M) is the quotient of E by I(C). This algebra is said to be l-adic
if I(C(l+1))=I(C). The quadricity of OS(M) (case l=2) is the first step to
OS(M) being Koszul. We prove that the Orlik-Solomon algebra of a graphic
matroid is l-adic iff every circuit with more than l+2 elements has a chord.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127471 </DOCNO>
Viewing the circumnuclear medium "through" the radio absorption


  Observations of radio absorption (free-free and 21 cm neutral hydrogen
absorption) can provide important constraints on the interstellar medium
(either ionised or neutral) surrounding AGN. This gas is relevant in the
obscuration of the central regions and, therefore, in producing the
orientation-dependent aspects of the emission from the AGN itself, one of the
key elements of the unified schemes. From these observations we can learn: how
strong is the evidence for circumnuclear tori/disks and how often, instead, is
the interaction between the radio plasma and large-scale ISM playing a role;
are the tori/disks (when observed) thick or thin and how important is this gas
in affecting the characteristics of radio sources, especially in their early
phase. Here, I will summarise the recent results obtained from free-free and HI
absorption observations of Seyfert and radio galaxies, what they can tell us
about these issues, and which questions remain open.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75711 </DOCNO>
Reliability of K --> Pi Pi matrix element calculations


  I demonstrate that the short distance contribution to K --> Pi Pi decays must
be supplemented with large distance effects. A hybrid calculation is outlined
based on QCD diagrams supplemented by chiral contributions and Pi-Pi
phaseshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41437 </DOCNO>
Study of $D^{*+/-}$ Meson Production in Diffractive $ep$ Scattering at


  $D^{*+/-}$ production in the diffractive interactions was measured with the
ZEUS detector at HERA using integrated luminosities of 44 pb$^{-1}$ in deep
inelastic scattering and 38 pb$^{-1}$ in photoproduction processes.
  Diffractive interactions were identified by a large gap in the rapidity
distribution of final states. $D^{*+/-}$ mesons were reconstructed from the
decay $D^{*+} -> D^0\pi_s^+$ with {$D^0 -> K^-\pi^+$} (+c.c.). Integrated and
differential cross sections were compared to theoretical expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126013 </DOCNO>
The role of synchrotron self-absorption in the late radio emission of


  The standard model for radio supernovae considers that the observed
synchrotron radio emission arises from the high-energy shell that results from
the strong interaction between the expanding supernova ejecta and the
circumstellar medium. This emission is considered to be only partially absorbed
by ionized thermal electrons in the circumstellar wind of the progenitor star.
Based on a study of the radio light curves of the type II supernova SN1993J, we
present evidence of synchrotron self-absorption. Our modeling of the radio
light curves requires a large initial magnetic field, of about 30 Gauss, and
the existence of an (initially) highly-relativistic population of electrons. We
also show that while at early epochs the dominant absorption mechanism is
external absorption by thermal electrons, at late epochs and long wavelengths
the dominant absorption mechanism is synchrotron self-absorption. Consequently,
the spectral turnover takes place at much shorter wavelengths than expected in
the standard model, and at long wavelengths (greater than about 90cm at current
epochs) the flux predictions depart substantially from those of the standard
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6554 </DOCNO>
A Model for Superconductivity in Ferromagnetic ZrZn2


  This article proposes that superconductivity in the ferromagnetic state of
ZrZn$_2$ is stabilized by an exchange-type interaction between the magnetic
moments of triplet-state Cooper pairs and the ferromagnetic magnetization
density. This explains why superconductivity occurs in the ferromagnetic state
only, and why it persists deep into the ferromagnetic state. The model of this
article also yields a particular order parameter symmetry, which is a
prediction that can be checked experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97324 </DOCNO>
The effect of additive noise on dynamical hysteresis


  We investigate the properties of hysteresis cycles produced by a
one-dimensional, periodically forced Langevin equation. We show that depending
on amplitude and frequency of the forcing and on noise intensity, there are
three qualitatively different types of hysteresis cycles. Below a critical
noise intensity, the random area enclosed by hysteresis cycles is concentrated
near the deterministic area, which is different for small and large driving
amplitude. Above this threshold, the area of typical hysteresis cycles depends,
to leading order, only on the noise intensity. In all three regimes, we derive
mathematically rigorous estimates for expectation, variance, and the
probability of deviations of the hysteresis area from its typical value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95419 </DOCNO>
Extending holomorphic sections from complex subvarieties


  Let X be a Stein manifold and let Y be a complex manifold which admits a
spray in the sense of Gromov (Oka's principle for holomorphic sections of
elliptic bundles, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2, pp. 851-897 (1989)). We prove that for
every closed complex subvariety X_0 of X and for every continuous map f_0 from
X to Y whose restriction to X_0 is holomorphic there exists a homotopy of maps
f_t from X to Y whose restrictions to X_0 agree with f_0 and such that the map
f_1 is holomorphic on X. We obtain analogous results for sections of
holomorphic submersions with sprays over Stein manifolds or Stein spaces. Our
results extend those of Grauert (Holomorphe Funktionen mit Werten in komplexen
Lieschen Gruppen, Math. Ann. 133, pp. 450-472 (1957)) and Forster and Ramspott
(Analytische Modulgarben und Endromisbundel, Invent. Math. 2, pp. 145-170
(1966)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114130 </DOCNO>
Deviation from Snell's Law for Beams Transmitted Near the Critical


  We show that when a narrow beam is incident upon a dielectric interface near
the critical angle for total internal reflection it will be transmitted into
the far-field with an angular deflection from the direction predicted by
Snell's Law, due to a phenomenon we call "Fresnel Filtering". This effect can
be quite large for the parameter range relevant to dielectric microcavity
lasers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4811 </DOCNO>
Oxygen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of RuSr2EuCu2O8


  We report the results from a 17O Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) study of
the high temperature superconducting cuprate (HTSC), RuSr2EuCu2O8. This
compound has recently been found to exhibit the coexistence of magnetic order
and superconductivity. At 9 T, the magnetic order in the RuO2 layers is
predominately ferromagnetic. We measured the 17O NMR spectra from 10 K to 330 K
and find the occurrence of an increasing 17O NMR shift with increasing
temperature for temperatures above ~200 K, providing direct evidence that
RuSr2RCu2O8 is similar to a very underdoped HTSC. The analysis of the NMR shift
and spectral width of the 17O NMR line gives a small but measurable hyperfine
field of ~9 mT from the Ru moment at the oxygen site in the copper oxygen
planes. We show that the 17O NMR linewidth is governed by dipolar contributions
from the Ru moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123350 </DOCNO>
Chacaltaya: towards a solution of the knee ....?


  Cosmic rays physics is currently being studied with rather sophisticated
detectors running in a variety of experimental conditions and atmospheric
depths around the world. In this paper we describe the reasons why cosmic ray
physics experiments at high altitudes like Chacaltaya are so important for
resolving some of the open problems in cosmic physics. A discussion on the
future prospects of the high altitude mountain laboratories such as Chacaltaya
for cosmic ray physics is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2082 </DOCNO>
The edge state network model and the global phase diagram


  The effects of randomness are investigated in the fractional quantum Hall
systems. Based on the Chern-Simons Ginzburg-Landou theory and considering
relevant quasi-particle tunneling, the edge state network model for the
hierarchical state is introduced and the plateau-plateau transition and
liquid-insulator transition are discussed. This model has duality which
corresponds to the relation of the quantum Hall liquid phase and the Hall
insulating phase and reveals a mechanism in the weak coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149085 </DOCNO>
Map of Witten's * to Moyal's *


  It is shown that Witten's star product in string field theory, defined as the
overlap of half strings, is equivalent to the Moyal star product involving the
relativistic phase space of even string modes. The string field A(x[\sigma])
can be rewritten as a phase space field of the even modes $x_{2n},x_{0},
p_{2n}$ where $x_{2n}$ are the positions of the even string modes, and $p_{2n}$
are related to the Fourier space of the odd modes $x_{2n+1}$ up to a linear
transformation. The $p_{2n}$ play the role of conjugate momenta for the even
modes $x_{2n}$ under the string star product. The split string formalism is
used in the intermediate steps to establish the map from Witten's star-product
to Moyal's star-product. An ambiguity related to the midpoint in the split
string formalism is clarified by considering odd or even modding for the split
string modes, and its effect in the Moyal star product formalism is discussed.
The noncommutative geometry defined in this way is technically similar to the
one that occurs in noncommutative field theory, but it includes the timelike
components of the string modes, and is Lorentz invariant. This map could be
useful to extend the computational methods and concepts from noncommutative
field theory to string field theory and vice-versa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128745 </DOCNO>
Observational Signatures of Black Holes: Spectral and Temporal Features


  The theoretical predictions of the converging inflow, or Bulk-Motion
Comptonization model are discussed and some predictions are compared to X- and
gamma-ray observations of the high/soft state of Galactic black hole candidate
XTE J1550+564. The 100 Hz QPO phenomenon tends to be detected in the high-state
at times when the bolometric luminosity surges and the hard-power-law spectral
component is dominant. Furthermore, the power in these features increases with
energy. We offer interpretation of this phenomenon, as oscillations of the
innermost part of the accretion disk, which in turn supplies the seed photons
for the converging inflow where the hard power-law is formed through Bulk
Motion Comptonization (BMC). We further argue that the noted lack of coherence
between intensity variations of the high-soft-state low and high energy bands
is a natural consequence of our model, and that a natural explanation for the
observed hard and soft lag phenomenon is offered. In addition, we address some
criticisms of the BMC model supporting our claims with observational results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7122 </DOCNO>
Conjugation-Length Dependence of Spin-Dependent Exciton Formation Rates


  We have measured the ratio, r = $\sigma_S/\sigma_T$ of the formation cross
section, $\sigma$ of singlet ($\sigma_S$) and triplet ($\sigma_T$) excitons
from oppositely charged polarons in a large variety of $\pi$-conjugated
oligomer and polymer films, using the photoinduced absorption and optically
detected magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The ratio r is directly related to
the singlet exciton yield, which in turn determines the maximum
electroluminescence quantum efficiency in organic light emitting diodes (OLED).
We discovered that r increases with the conjugation length, CL; in fact a
universal dependence exists in which $r^{-1}$ depends linearly on $CL^{-1}$,
irrespective of the chain backbone structure. These results indicate that
$\pi$-conjugated polymers have a clear advantage over small molecules in OLED
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6983 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Geometric Phases for Mixed States in Interferometry"


  We find for the unitary evolution of spin-1/2 systems that the "purely
mathematical mixed state holonomy of Uhlmann limitedly agrees, in the case of
evolution over geodesic spherical triangles, with the holonomy "in the
experimental context of quantum interferometry" recently proposed by Sjoqvist,
Pati, Ekert, Anandan, Ericsson, Oi and Vedral (Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 [2000],
2845-2848).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87080 </DOCNO>
Highly accurate calculation of rotating neutron stars


  A new spectral code for constructing general-relativistic models of rapidly
rotating stars with an unprecedented accuracy is presented. As a first
application, we reexamine uniformly rotating homogeneous stars and compare our
results with those obtained by several previous codes. Moreover, representative
relativistic examples corresponding to highly flattened rotating bodies are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174695 </DOCNO>
Elliptic Flow Measurements with the PHENIX Detector


  Two particle azimuthal correlation functions are presented for charged
hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at RHIC ($\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=130$ GeV). The
measurements allow for the determination of elliptic flow without
event-by-event estimation of the reaction plane. The measured correlation
functions indicate elliptic flow values ($v_2$) which show significant
sensitivity to both the collision centrality and the transverse momenta of
emitted hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126469 </DOCNO>
Star Formation in a Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Galaxies


  The 15R-North galaxy redshift survey is a uniform spectroscopic survey (S/N
$\sim $10) covering the range 3650---7400\AA for 3149 galaxies with median
redshift 0.05. The sample is 90% complete to $R=15.4$. The median slit covering
fraction is 24% of the galaxy, apparently sufficient to minimize the effects of
aperture bias on the EW(H$\alpha$).
  Forty-nine percent of the galaxes in the survey have one or more emission
lines detected at $\geq 2 \sigma$. In agreement with previous surveys, the
fraction of absorption-line galaxies increases steeply with galaxy luminosity.
  We use H$\beta$, O[III], H$\alpha$, and [N\II] to discriminate between
star-forming galaxies and AGNs.
  We use the EW(H$\alpha$ + [N\II]) to estimate the Scalo birthrate parameter,
$b$, the ratio of the current star formation rate to the time averaged star
formation rate.
  Finally, we examine the way galaxies of different spectroscopic type trace
the large-scale galaxy distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149263 </DOCNO>
Some Issues related to Conformal Anomaly Induced Effective Action


  Some issues related to quantum anomaly induced effects due to matter are
considered. Explicit examples corresponding to quantum creation of d4 dilatonic
AdS Universe and of d2 dilatonic AdS Black Hole (BH) are discussed. Motivated
by holographic RG, in a similar approach, it is shown that, starting from a 5
dimensional AdS Universe, 4-dimensional de Sitter or AdS world is generated on
the boundary of such Universe as a result of quantum effects. A 5-dimensional
brane-world cosmological scenario is also considered, where the brane tension
is not longer a free parameter, but its role is taken by quantum effects
induced by the 4-dimensional conformal anomaly associated with conformal
coupled matter. As a result, consistent quantum creations of De Sitter or AdS
curved branes are possible.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124145 </DOCNO>
Variable 21cm absorption at z=0.3127


  We report multi-epoch GMRT HI observations of the z = 0.3127 damped absorber
towards the quasar PKS 1127-145, which reveal variability in both the
absorption profile and the flux of the background source, over a time-scale of
a few days.
  The observed variations cannot be explained by simple inter-stellar
scintillation (ISS) models where there are only one or two scintillating
components and all of the ISS occurs in the Galaxy. More complicated models
where there are either more scintillating components or some of the ISS occurs
in the ISM of the z=0.3127 absorber may be acceptable. However, the variability
can probably best be explained in models incorporating motion (on sub-VLBI
scales) of a component of the background continuum source, with or without some
ISS.
  All models for producing the variable 21cm absorption profile require small
scale variations in the 21cm optical depth of the absorber. The length scale
for the opacity variations is $\sim 0.1$ pc in pure super-luminal motion
models, and $\sim$ 10 pc in pure ISS models. Models involving sub-luminal
motion, combined with scintillation of the moving component, require opacity
variations on far smaller scales, $\sim$ 10 - 100 AU.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3685 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations of dislocations in heteroepitaxial


  We determine the critical layer thickness for the appearance of misfit
dislocations as a function of the misfit between the lattice constants of the
substrate and the adsorbate from Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations of
heteroepitaxial growth.
  To this end, an algorithm is introduced which allows the off-lattice
simulation of various phenomena observed in heteroepitaxial growth including
critical layer thickness for the appearance of misfit dislocations, or
self-assembled island formation.
  The only parameters of the model are deposition flux, temperature and a
pairwise interaction potential between the particles of the system.
  Our results are compared with a theoretical treatment of the problem and show
good agreement with a simple power law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75425 </DOCNO>
Graviton emission from a soft brane


  Theories with compact extra spatial dimensions felt only by gravity are
subject to direct experimental tests if the compactification volume is large.
Estimates of high-energy collider observables induced by graviton radiation
into extra dimensions are usually given assuming rigid branes. This may
overestimate the accessibility of these theories. Brane fluctuations soften the
coupling of graviton radiation, and reduce our ability to see effects in
high-energy collisions. We calculate the size of this suppression on single jet
plus gravitons at the LHC and single photon plus gravitons at an e+e- linear
collider. We advocate the use of a brane softening variable as an additional
parameter when comparing theory predictions to data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4853 </DOCNO>
Cluster Percolation and First Order Phase Transitions in the Potts Model


  The q-state Potts model can be formulated in geometric terms, with
Fortuin-Kasteleyn (FK) clusters as fundamental objects. If the phase transition
of the model is second order, it can be equivalently described as a percolation
transition of FK clusters. In this work, we study the percolation structure
when the model undergoes a first order phase transition. In particular, we
investigate numerically the percolation behaviour along the line of first order
phase transitions of the 3d 3-state Potts model in an external field and find
that the percolation strength exhibits a discontinuity along the entire line.
The endpoint is also a percolation point for the FK clusters, but the
corresponding critical exponents are neither in the Ising nor in the random
percolation universality class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97343 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Riemannian Geometry of the Alternating Group A_4


  We study the noncommutative Riemannian geometry of the alternating group
$A_4=(Z_2 \times Z_2)\cross Z_3$ using a recent formulation for finite groups.
We find a unique `Levi-Civita' connection for the invariant metric, and find
that it has Ricci-flat but nonzero Riemann curvature. We show that it is the
unique Ricci-flat connection on $A_4$ with the standard framing (we solve the
vacuum Einstein's equation). We also propose a natural Dirac operator for the
associated spin connection and solve the Dirac equation. Some of our results
hold for any finite group equipped with a cyclic conjugacy class of 4 elements.
In this case the exterior algebra $\Omega(A_4)$ has dimensions
$1:4:8:11:12:12:11:8:4:1$ with top-form 9-dimensional. We also find the
noncommutative cohomology $H^1(A_4)=C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6696 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous phase oscillation induced by inertia and time delay


  We consider a system of coupled oscillators with finite inertia and
time-delayed interaction, and investigate the interplay between inertia and
delay both analytically and numerically. The phase velocity of the system is
examined; revealed in numerical simulations is emergence of spontaneous phase
oscillation without external driving, which turns out to be in good agreement
with analytical results derived in the strong-coupling limit. Such
self-oscillation is found to suppress synchronization and its frequency is
observed to decrease with inertia and delay. We obtain the phase diagram, which
displays oscillatory and stationary phases in the appropriate regions of the
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86331 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on black hole temperature and the second law of


  I present a formulation of the second law of thermodynamics in the presence
of black holes which makes use of the efficiency of an ideal machine extracting
heat cyclically from a black hole. The Carnot coefficient is found and it is
shown to be a simple function of the mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5329 </DOCNO>
Spectral properties of underdoped cuprates


  In the framework of the planar t-J model for cuprates we analyze the
development of a pseudo gap in the density of states, which at low doping
starts to emerge for temperatures T<J and persists up to the optimum doping.
The analysis is based on numerical results for spectral functions obtained with
the finite-temperature Lanczos method for finite two-dimensional clusters.
Numerical results are additionally compared with the self consistent Born
approximation (SCBA) results for hole-like (photoemission) and electron-like
(inverse photoemission) spectra at T=0. The analysis is suggesting that the
origin of the pseudo gap is in short-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin
correlations and strong asymmetry between the hole and electron spectra in the
underdoped regime. We analyze also the electron momentum distribution function
(EMD). Our analytical results for a single hole in an AFM based on the SCBA
indicate an anomalous momentum dependence of EMD showing "hole pockets"
coexisting with a signature of an emerging large Fermi surface (FS). The
position of the incipient FS and the structure of the EMD is determined by the
momentum of the ground state. The main observation is the coexistence of two
apparently contradicting FS scenarios. On the one hand, the delta-function like
contributions at (pi/2,pi/2) indicate, that for finite doping a pocket-like
small FS evolves from these points, provided provided that AFM long range order
persists. On the other hand, the discontinuity which appears at the same
momentum is more consistent with with infinitesimally short arc (point) of an
emerging large FS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150011 </DOCNO>
Limiting Geometries of Two Circular Maldacena-Wilson Loop Operators


  We further analyze a recent perturbative two-loop calculation of the
expectation value of two axi-symmetric circular Maldacena-Wilson loops in N=4
gauge theory. Firstly, it is demonstrated how to adapt the previous calculation
of anti-symmetrically oriented circles to the symmetric case. By shrinking one
of the circles to zero size we then explicitly work out the first few terms of
the local operator expansion of the loop. Our calculations explicitly
demonstrate that circular Maldacena-Wilson loops are non-BPS observables
precisely due to the appearance of unprotected local operators. The latter
receive anomalous scaling dimensions from non-ladder diagrams. Finally, we
present new insights into a recent conjecture claiming that coincident circular
Maldacena-Wilson loops are described by a Gaussian matrix model. We report on a
novel, supporting two-loop test, but also explain and illustrate why the
existing arguments in favor of the conjecture are flawed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148705 </DOCNO>
An Exact Solution to a Three Dimensional Ising Model and Dimensional


  A high temperature expansion is employed to map some complex anisotropic
nonhermitian three and four dimensional Ising models with algebraic long range
interactions into a solvable two dimensional variant. We also address the
dimensional reductions for anisotropic two dimensional XY and other models. For
the latter and related systems it is possible to have an effective reduction in
the dimension without the need of compactifying some dimensions. Some solutions
are presented. This framework further allows for some very simple general
observations. It will be seen that the absence of a ``phase interference''
effect plays an important role in high dimensional problems. A very forbidding
purely algebraic recursive series solution to the three dimensional nearest
neighbor Ising model will be given. In the aftermath, the full-blown three
dimensional nearest neighbor Ising model is exactly mapped onto a single spin
1/2 particle with nontrivial dynamics. All this allows for a formal high
dimensional Bosonization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179613 </DOCNO>
On differential spectra in the reaction $pp\to K^+\bar K^0 d$ in the


  The differential spectra in the reaction $pp\to K^+\bar K^0 d$ for different
reasonable versions of the production amplitude are discussed at the initial
proton energy $T_p=2.645$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148348 </DOCNO>
On the Breit Equation


  Contrary to the conventional belief, it was shown that the Breit equation has
the eigenvalues for bound states of two oppositely charged Dirac particles
interacting through the (static) Coulomb potential. All eigenvalues reduced to
those of the Sch\"odinger case in the non-relativistic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81331 </DOCNO>
1/M correction to quenched QCD with non-zero baryon density


  We study the \kappa^2 corrections to the quenched limit of \mu>0 QCD. We use
an improved reweighting procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74806 </DOCNO>
Model-independent search for the Abelian Z' boson and the LEP data


  Model-independent search for the Abelian $Z'$ gauge boson virtual state based
on the new observable in the processes $e^+ e^- \to l^+ l^-$ is analyzed for
the LEP data. The observable is introduced by using following from
renormalizability of an underlying theory the correlations between the
parameters of the low energy effective Lagrangian and kinematics of the
scattering processes. The central values of the observable are in accordance
with the $Z'$ existence, although no real signal is found at the $1\sigma$
level. Lower limits at the 95% confidence level on the corresponding contact
interaction scale are derived in the range of 15.6 - 18.6 TeV. Comparisons with
other fits are done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86372 </DOCNO>
Frenet-Serret dynamics


  We consider the motion of a particle described by an action that is a
functional of the Frenet-Serret [FS] curvatures associated with the embedding
of its worldline in Minkowski space. We develop a theory of deformations
tailored to the FS frame. Both the Euler-Lagrange equations and the physical
invariants of the motion associated with the Poincar\'e symmetry of Minkowski
space, the mass and the spin of the particle, are expressed in a simple way in
terms of these curvatures. The simplest non-trivial model of this form, with
the lagrangian depending on the first FS (or geodesic) curvature, is
integrable. We show how this integrability can be deduced from the Poincar\'e
invariants of the motion. We go on to explore the structure of these invariants
in higher-order models. In particular, the integrability of the model described
by a lagrangian that is a function of the second FS curvature (or torsion) is
established in a three dimensional ambient spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114138 </DOCNO>
The $^4$He tetramer ground state in the Faddeev-Yakubovsky differential


  The characteristics of the four $^4$He atom cluster are investigated using
the differential equations for Yakubovsky components. Binding energy,
mean-square radius and density function are calculated for the ground state.The
spatial properties of the cluster and its subsystems are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83714 </DOCNO>
MACE 2.0 Reference Manual and Guide


  MACE is a program that searches for finite models of first-order statements.
The statement to be modeled is first translated to clauses, then to relational
clauses; finally for the given domain size, the ground instances are
constructed. A Davis-Putnam-Loveland-Logeman procedure decides the
propositional problem, and any models found are translated to first-order
models. MACE is a useful complement to the theorem prover Otter, with Otter
searching for proofs and MACE looking for countermodels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96090 </DOCNO>
Number Operator Algebras


  Under some hypotheses (symmetry, confluence), we enumerate all quadratically
presented algebras, generated by creation and destruction operators, in which
number operators exist. We show that these are algebras of bosons, fermions,
their immediate generalizations that we call pseudo-bosons and pseudo-fermions,
and also matrix algebras, in the finitely generated case. We then recover
q-bosons (and pseudo-q-bosons) by a completion operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41364 </DOCNO>
Design and Performance of the Level 1 Calorimeter Trigger for the BABAR


  Since May 1999 the BABAR detector has been taking data at the PEP-II
asymmetric electron-positron collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator
Center, California. This experiment requires a very large data sample and the
PEP-II accelerator uses intense beams to deliver the high collision rates
needed. This poses a severe challenge to the BaBar trigger system, which must
reject the large rate of background signals resulting from the high beam
currents whilst accepting the collisions of interest with very high efficiency.
One of the systems that performs this task is the Level 1 Calorimeter Trigger,
which identifies energy deposits left by particles in the BABAR calorimeter. It
is a digital, custom, fixed latency system which makes heavy use of high-speed
FPGA devices to allow flexibility in the choice of data filtering algorithms.
Results from several intermediate processing stages are read out, allowing the
selection algorithm to be fully analysed and optimized offline. In addition,
the trigger is monitored in real time by sampling these data and cross-checking
each stage of the trigger calculation against a software model. The design,
implementation, construction and performance of the Level 1 Calorimeter Trigger
during the first year of BABAR operation are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179461 </DOCNO>
Vector Mesons and Baryon Resonances in Nuclear Matter


  We calculate the effect of many-body interactions in nuclear matter on the
spectral function of $\rho$ and $\omega$ meson. In particular, we focus on the
role played by baryon resonances in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148823 </DOCNO>
T-Duality Group for Open String Theory


  We study T-duality for open strings on tori $\T^d$. The general boundary
conditions for the open strings are constructed, and it is shown that T-duality
group, which preserves the mass spectrum of closed strings, preserves also the
mass spectrum of the open strings. The open strings are transformed to those
with different boundary conditions by T-duality. We also discuss the T-duality
for D-brane mass spectrum, and show that the D-branes and the open strings with
both ends on them are transformed together consistently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7181 </DOCNO>
Tunability of acoustic spectral gaps and transmission in periodically


  A theoretical investigation is made of acoustic wave propagation in a
periodically stubbed waveguide. In general the waveguide segments and stubs are
made of different materials. The acoustic wave in such a system has two
independent polarizations: out-of-plane and in-plane modes. The band structure
and transmission spectrum is studied for diverse geometries using a simple and
efficient version of the transfer-matrix method. For the same material between
the waveguide and symmetric stubs the width of some gaps can change, upon
varying the stub length or width, by more than one order of magnitude. A
further modulation can be achieved for different material between the stubs and
the main waveguide or if the stubs are asymmetric. The gaps in the band
structure of an infinitely long system correspond to those in the transmission
spectrum of the same system but with finite number n of units. For n finite i)
there exist pseudogaps that gradually turn into complete gaps with increasing
n, and ii) the introduction of defects gives rise to states in the gaps and
leads to transmission resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76087 </DOCNO>
Search for New Physics Effects at a Linear Collider with Polarized Beams


  The four-fermion contact-interaction searches in the process
$e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^-$ at a future $e^+e^-$ Linear Collider with c.m. energy
$\sqrt{s}=0.5$ TeV and with both beams longitudinally polarized are studied. We
evaluate the corresponding model-independent constraints on the coupling
constants, emphasizing the role of beam polarization, and make a comparison
with the case of Bhabha scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74089 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Vacuum Effect in the Quantum Field Theory of Meson


  Replacing the perturbative vacuum by the nonperturbative vacuum, we extend a
recent development of a quantum field theoretic framework for scalar and
pseudoscalar meson mixing. The unitary inequivalence of the Fock space of base
(unmixed) eigenstates and the physical mixed eigenstates is investigated and
the flavor vacuum state structure is explicitly found. This is exploited to
develop formulas for two flavor boson oscillations in systems of arbitrary
boson occupation number. We apply these formulas to analyze the mixing of eta
with eta' and comment on the other meson-mixing systems. In addition, we
consider the mixing of boson coherent states, which may have future
applications in the construction of meson lasers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1255 </DOCNO>
Superconducting MgB2 thin films by pulsed laser deposition


  Growth of MgB2 thin films by pulsed laser deposition is examined under ex
situ and in situ processing conditions. For the ex situ process, Boron films
grown by PLD were annealed at 900 C with excess Mg. For the in situ process,
different approaches involving ablation from a stoichiometric target under
different growth conditions, as well as multilayer deposition involving
interposed Mg layers were examined and analyzed. Magnetic measurements on ex
situ processed films show TC of ~39 K, while the current best in situ films
show a susceptibility transition at ~ 22 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98761 </DOCNO>
Legendre transformation for regularizable Lagrangians in field theory


  Hamilton equations based not only upon the Poincare--Cartan equivalent of a
first-order Lagrangian, but rather upon its Lepagean equivalent are
investigated. Lagrangians which are singular within the Hamilton--De Donder
theory, but regularizable in this generalized sense are studied. Legendre
transformation for regularizable Lagrangians is proposed, and Hamilton
equations, equivalent with the Euler--Lagrange equations, are found. It is
shown that all Lagrangians affine or quadratic in the first derivatives of the
field variables are regularizable. The Dirac field and the electromagnetic
field are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75669 </DOCNO>
B Physics Overview: Rare Hadronic and Radiative Decays


  I discuss three B physics results with potential for exhibiting new
flavour-changing interactions: (1) the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B\to
J/\psi K_S decay; (2) branching fractions and CP asymmetries in B\to \pi\pi,
\pi K decays; (3) inclusive and exclusive semi-hadronic b\to s transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168930 </DOCNO>
A General Phase Matching Condition for Quantum Searching Algorithm


  A general consideration on the phase rotations in quantum searching algorithm
is taken in this work. As four phase rotations on the initial state, the marked
states, and the states orthogonal to them are taken account, we deduce a phase
matching condition for a successful search. The optimal options for these phase
are obtained consequently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2778 </DOCNO>
X Ray Precursors in SGRs: Precessing Gamma Jet Tails


  Weak isolated X-ray precursor events before the main Gamma Ray Burst, GRB,
and also rare Soft Gamma Repeaters, SGR, events are in complete disagreement
with any Fireball, or Magnetar, one-shoot explosive scenarios. Fireball model
in last two years has been deeply modified into a fountain beamed Jet exploding
and interacting on external shells to explain GRB fine time structure. On the
contrary earlier we proposed a unified scenario for both GRBs-SGRs where a
precessing Gamma Jet (of different intensity) and its geometrical beaming is
the source of both GRB and SGRs wide morphology. GRBs are peaked SNs Jet
spinning and precessing observed along the thin Jet axis. Their mysterious weak
X precursors bursts, corresponding to non-negligible energy powers, up to
million Supernova ones for GRB, are gamma Jet tails beamed off-axis, observed
at X-Ray tails. They are rare, about (3-6)% of all GRBs, but not unique at all.
Comparable brief X-ray precursor flashes occurred in rarest and most detailed
SGRs events as the 27 and the 29 August 1998 event from SGR 1900+14. The same
source has been in very power-full activity on recent 18 April 2001 once again
preceded by X-Ray precursors. These events are inconsistent with any Fireball
or Magnetar-Mini-Fireball models. We interpret them naturally as earlier
marginal blazing of outlying X conical precessing Jet, an off-axis tails
surrounding a narrower gamma precessing Jet. Only when the light-house Jet is
in on-axis blazing mode toward the Earth we observe the harder power-full SGR
event. We predict such a rich X-Ray precursor signals (more numerous then gamma
ones) during Soft Gamma Repeater peak activities; they should be abundant and
within detection threshold by a permanent monitoring SGRs by Beppo-Sax WFC or
Chandra X ray satellites while at peak activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127623 </DOCNO>
FUSE and STIS Observations of Intervening OVI Absorption Line Systems in


  We present FUSE and STIS observations of the IGM toward PG 0953+415 (z_em =
0.239). An O VI system at z = 0.06807 is detected in H I Lya, Lyb, Lyg, O VI N
V, C IV, and C III. The observations are modeled as a low density intervening
gas with a metallicity of 0.4 (+0.6, -0.2) times solar in photoionization
equilibrium with the ionizing extragalactic radiation. The best fit is achieved
with an ionization parameter, logU = -1.35, which implies nH ~ 10-5 cm-3 and a
path length of ~ 80 kpc through the absorbing gas. H I Lya absorption at z =
0.14232 spans a velocity range of 410 km s-1 with the strongest components near
0 and 80 km s-1 in the z = 0.14232 rest frame. In this system O VI absorption
is strong near 0 km s-1 and not detected at 80 km s-1. The new observations
place constraints on the properties of the z = 0.14232 system but do not
discriminate between collisional ionization in hot gas versus photoionization
in a very low density medium with an ionization parameter logU > -0.74. The two
O VI systems occur at redshifts where there are peaks in the number density of
intervening galaxies along the line of sight. We update the estimate of the low
redshift number density of intervening O VI systems. Over a total deltaz =
0.43, we detect six O VI systems with restframe equivalent widths of the O VI
1031.93 line exceeding 50 mA yielding dN/dz = 14 (+9, -6) for <z> = 0.09. This
implies a low redshift value of the baryonic contribution to the closure
density of the O VI systems of WB(O VI) > 0.002h75-1 assuming the average
metallicity in the O VI systems is 0.1 solar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1600 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo simulation of O(2) phi^4 field theory in three dimensions


  Using standard numerical Monte Carlo lattice methods, we study non-universal
properties of the phase transition of three-dimensional phi^4 theory of a
2-component real field phi = (phi_1,phi_2) with O(2) symmetry. Specifically, we
extract the renormalized values of <phi^2>/u and r/u^2 at the phase transition,
where the continuum action of the theory is \int d^3x [ (1/2) |\grad\phi|^2 +
\half r \phi^2 + {u\over4!} \phi^4 ]. These values have applications to
calculating the phase transition temperature of dilute or weakly-interacting
Bose gases (both relativistic and non-relativistic). In passing, we also
provide perturbative calculations of various O(a) lattice-spacing errors in
three-dimensional O(N) scalar field theory, where (a) is the lattice spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75095 </DOCNO>
Gravitational collapse on the brane: a no-go theorem


  We investigate how braneworld gravity affects gravitational collapse and
black hole formation by studying Oppenheimer-Snyder-like collapse on a
Randall-Sundrum type brane. Without making any assumptions about the bulk, we
prove a no-go theorem: the exterior spacetime on the brane cannot be static,
which is in stark contrast with general relativity. We also consider the role
of Kaluza-Klein energy density in collapse, using a toy model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73497 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Parameters and the Cosmological Constant


  Simple functional relations amongst standard model couplings, including
gravitional, are conjectured. Possible implications for cosmology and future
theory are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124390 </DOCNO>
On Steady State Neutrino Heated Ultra-Relativistic Winds from Compact


  We study steady state winds from compact objects in the regime where the wind
velocity at infinity is ultra-relativistic. This may have relevance to some
models of Gamma-Ray-Bursts (GRB's). Particular attention is paid to the case
where neutrinos provide the heating. Unless the neutrino luminosity is very
large, L>10^{54} erg/s, the only allowed steady state solutions are those where
energy deposition is dominated by neutrino-antineutrino annihilation at the
sonic point. In this case, the matter temperature near the neutron star surface
is low, less than 1MeV for typical neutrino luminosities. This is in contrast
to the case for sub-relativistic winds discussed in the context of supernovae
where the matter temperature near the neutron star approximates the temperature
characterizing the neutrinos. We also investigate the setting of the neutron to
proton ratio (n/p) in these winds and find that only for large (>10 MeV)
electron neutrino or electron anti-neutrino temperatures is n/p entirely
determined by neutrino capture. Otherwise, n/p retains an imprint of conditions
in the neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126700 </DOCNO>
High Speed photometry of faint Cataclysmic Variables: I. V359 Cen, XZ


  The first results of a photometric survey of faint Cataclysmic Variables are
presented. V359 Cen is an SU UMa star with a period of 112 min. Even though
observed at quiescence, the mass transfer rate in this old nova may be
sufficiently high that in such a short period system (with its implied small
mass ratio) the disc may be excited into an elliptical shape with the result
that the observed brightness modulation gives a superhump period rather than an
orbital period. XZ Eri is an eclipsing dwarf nova with an orbital period
(P(orb)) of 88.1 min. HY Lup has only slight variability. V351 Pup, the remnant
of Nova Puppis 1991, has P(orb) = 2.837 h and a light curve that strongly
resembles that of the magnetic Nova Cyg 1975. V630 Sgr is the first nova
remnant that has both positive superhumps (P(sh) = 2.980 h) and eclipses
(P(orb) = 2.831 h). The YY Tel identification is somewhat uncertain. The
correct identification for CQ Vel is provided from discovery of its flickering
activity. The light curve of CE-315, a recently discovered AM CVn star, shows
similarities to that of GP Com, with no apparent orbital modulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7107 </DOCNO>
Polarizability of microemulsion droplets


  Spheroidal fluid droplets immersed in another fluid and thermally fluctuating
in the shape are considered. The polarizability of the droplet is evaluated up
to the second order in the fluctuation amplitudes and also the previous
first-order calculations from the literature are corrected. The correlation
functions of the polarizability tensor components are found and used to
describe the polarized and depolarized scattering of light, and the Kerr effect
on microemulsions in the limit of small concentration of the droplets. An
alternative simple derivation of the Kerr constant is also given assuming that
the droplet in a weak electric field becomes a prolate ellipsoid. We consider
both the case when the thickness of the surface layer is neglected and when the
droplet is covered by a layer of nonzero thickness. The result differs
significantly from that used in the literature to describe the Kerr-effect
measurements on droplet microemulsions. Due to the difference the bending
rigidity constant of the layer should be increased about two times in
comparison with the value found in the original experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85681 </DOCNO>
Gravitational waves in non-singular string cosmologies


  We study the evolution of tensor metric fluctuations in a class of
non-singular models based on the string effective action, by including in the
perturbation equation the higher-derivative and loop corrections needed to
regularise the background solutions. We discuss the effects of such
higher-order corrections on the final graviton spectrum, and we compare the
results of analytical and numerical computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76177 </DOCNO>
PQCD factorizaiton of two-body B decays


  I review the known approaches to two-body nonleptonic $B$ meson decays,
including factorization assumption, modified factorization assumption, QCD
factorization, and perturbative QCD factorization. Important phenomenological
aspects of these approaches are emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41436 </DOCNO>
D* Meson Production in Deep-Inelastic Diffractive Interactions at HERA


  A measurement is presented of the cross section for D* meson production in
diffractive deep-inelastic scattering for the first time at HERA. The cross
section is given for the process ep -> eXY, where the system X contains at
least one D* meson and is separated by a large rapidity gap from a low mass
proton remnant system Y. The cross section is presented in the diffractive
deep-inelastic region defined by 2< Q^2 < 100 GeV^2, 0.05 < y < 0.7, x_pom <
0.04, M_Y < 1.6 GeV and |t| < 1 GeV^2. The D* mesons are restricted to the
range ptD* > 2 GeV and |\eta_D* | < 1.5. The cross section is found to be
246+-54+-56 pb and forms about 6% of the corresponding inclusive D* cross
section. The cross section is presented as a function of various kinematic
variables, including z_pom^obs which is an estimate of the fraction of the
momentum of the diffractive exchange carried by the parton entering the
hard-subprocess. The data show a large component of the cross section at low
z_pom^obs where the contribution of the Boson-Gluon-Fusion process is expected
to dominate. The data are compared with several QCD--based calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98024 </DOCNO>
The Geometry of Grauert Tubes and Complexification of Symmetric Spaces


  We study the canonical complexifications of non-compact Riemannian symmetric
spaces G/K by the Grauert tube construction. We determine the maximal such
complexification, a domain already constructed in another context by Akhiezer
and Gindikin (Math. Ann., 1990), and show that this domain is Stein. We show
there is an alternative for a G-invariant complexification: it is either
"rigid" (its automorphism group is G), or it is a Hermmitian symmetric space.
We also determine when invariant complexifications, especially the maximal one,
are Hermitian symmetric. This is expressed simply in terms of the ranks of the
symmetric spaces involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169162 </DOCNO>
Aspects of a Two-Level Atom in Squeezed Displaced Fock States


  This paper presents some results on some aspects of the two-level atom
interacting with a single-mode with the privileged field mode being in the
squeezed displaced Fock state (SDFS). The exact results are employed to perform
a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the atomic inversion,
entropy and phase distribution. It is shown that the interference between
component states leads to non-classical oscillations in the photon number
distribution. At mid revival time the field is almost in the pure state.
 We have briefly discussed the evolution of the Q function of the cavity field.
The connection between the field entropy and the collapses and revivals of the
atomic inversion has been established. We find that the phase probability
distribution of the field reflect the collapses and revivals of the level
occupation probabilities in most situations. The interaction brings about the
symmetrical splitting of the phase probability distribution. The general
conclusions reached are illustrated by numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5713 </DOCNO>
Trapped interacting two-component bosons


  In this paper we solve one dimensional trapped SU(2) bosons with repulsive
$\delta$-function interaction by means of Bethe-ansatz method. The features of
ground state and low-lying excited states are studied by numerical and analytic
methods. We show that the ground state is an isospin "ferromagnetic" state
which differs from spin-1/2 fermions system. There exist three quasi-particles
in the excitation spectra, and both holon-antiholon and holon-isospinon
excitations are gapless for large systems. The thermodynamics equilibrium of
the system at finite temperature is studied by thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. The
thermodynamic quantities, such as specific heat etc. are obtained for the case
of strong coupling limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73947 </DOCNO>
Possible detection of relic neutrinos and determination of their mass:


  We consider the possibility that a large fraction of the ultrahigh energy
cosmic rays are decay products of Z bosons which were produced in the
scattering of ultrahigh energy cosmic neutrinos on cosmological relic
neutrinos. We compare the observed ultrahigh energy cosmic ray spectrum with
the one predicted in the above Z-burst scenario and determine the mass of the
heaviest relic neutrino as well as the necessary ultrahigh energy cosmic
neutrino flux via a maximum likelihood analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41591 </DOCNO>
Improved constraints on WIMPs from the International Germanium


  One IGEX 76Ge double-beta decay detector is currently operating in the
Canfranc Underground Laboratory in a search for dark matter WIMPs, through the
Ge nuclear recoil produced by the WIMP elastic scattering. A new exclusion
plot, has been derived for WIMP-nucleon spin-independent interactions. To
obtain this result, 40 days of data from the IGEX detector (energy threshold E
\~ 4 keV), recently collected, have been analyzed. These data improve the
exclusion limits derived from all the other ionization germanium detectors in
the mass region from 20 GeV to 200 GeV, where a WIMP supposedly responsible for
the annual modulation effect reported by the DAMA experiment would be located.
The new IGEX exclusion contour enters, by the first time, the DAMA region by
using only raw data, with no background discrimination, and excludes its upper
left part. It is also shown that with a moderate improvement of the detector
performances, the DAMA region could be fully explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126064 </DOCNO>
Nuclear gas dynamics in Arp 220 - sub-kiloparsec scale atomic hydrogen


  We present new, high angular resolution (~0.22") MERLIN observations of
neutral hydrogen (HI) absorption and 21-cm radio continuum emission across the
central ~900 parsecs of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy, Arp220. Spatially
resolved HI absorption is detected against the morphologically complex and
extended 21-cm radio continuum emission, consistent with two counterrotating
disks of neutral hydrogen, with a small bridge of gas connecting the two.
  We propose a merger model in which the two nuclei represent the galaxy cores
which have survived the initial encounter and are now in the final stages of
merging, similar to conclusions drawn from previous CO studies (Sakamoto,
Scoville & Yun 1999). However, we suggest that instead of being coplanar with
the main CO disk (in which the eastern nucleus is embedded), the western
nucleus lies above it and, as suggested by bridge of HI connecting the two
nuclei, will soon complete its final merger with the main disk. We suggest that
the collection of radio supernovae (RSN) detected in VLBA studies in the more
compact western nucleus represent the second burst of star formation associated
with this final merger stage and that free-free absorption due to ionised gas
in the bulge-like component can account for the observed RSN distribution.
(Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126443 </DOCNO>
KeV Astrophysics With GeV Beams; Blazing a New Trail on the Summitt of


  GeV beams of light ions and electrons are used for creating a high flux of
real and virtual photons, with which some problems in Nuclear Astrophysics are
studied. GeV 8B beams are used to study the Coulomb dissociation of 8B and thus
the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction. This reaction is one of the major source of
uncertainties in estimating the 8B solar neutrino flux and a critical input for
calculating the 8B Solar neutrino flux. The Coulomb dissociation of 8B appears
to provide a viable method for measuring the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction rate, with
a weighted average of the RIKEN1, RIKEN2, GSI1 and MSU published results of
S17(0) = 18.9 +/- 1.0 eV-b. This result however does not include a theoretical
error estimated to be +/- 10 %. GeV electron beams on the other hand, are used
to create a high flux of real and virtual photons at TUNL-HIGS and MIT-Bates,
respectively, and we discuss two new proposals to study the 12C(alpha,gamma)16O
reaction with real and virtual photons. The 12C(alpha,gamma)16O reaction is
essential for understanding Type II and Type Ia supernova. It is concluded that
virtual and real photons produced by GeV light ions and electron beams are
useful for studying some problems in Nuclear Astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127793 </DOCNO>
Infrared Spectroscopy of Atomic Lines in Gaseous Nebulae


  Spectroscopy in the infrared provides a means to assess important properties
of the plasma in gaseous nebulae. We present some of our own work that
illustrates the need for interactions between the themes of this conference -
astronomical data, atomic data, and plasma simulations. We undertook Infrared
Space Observatory (ISO) observations with the intent of better understanding
the effects of density variations in nebulae, particularly planetary nebulae
(PNs), by determining average electron densities from the flux ratios of
several fine-structure, IR emission lines. Instead, we are able to ascertain
only minor density information because of several instances of the observed
line flux ratios being out of range of the theoretical predictions using
current atomic data. In these cases, the ISO data cannot presently be used to
derive electron density, but rather provide direction for needed improvements
in the atomic collision strengths.
  We have detected an unidentified (uid) strong emission line in an ISO/SWS
spectrum of the Orion Nebula. The line has a rest wavelength
2.89350$\pm$0.00003 $\mu$m. A long-slit UKIRT observation confirms the presence
of this line and shows that the emission is spatially extended and appears to
be coincident with the brightest part of the ionized region. We do not detect
the uid line in our SWS02 spectra of any of the several bright PNs which we
observed for a comparable time. The need for basic atomic data, in this case
wavelengths to aid species identification, is paramount for future progress.
  We look toward the future with a brief synopsis of upcoming or planned IR
missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85923 </DOCNO>
Critical Exponents For Schwarzschild-Kerr and BTZ Systems


  Regarding the spin-up of Schwarzschild-Kerr and Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli
systems as a symmetry breaking phase transition, critical exponents are
evaluated and compared with classical Landau predictions. We suggest a
definition of isothermal compressibity which is independent of spin direction.
We find identical exponents for both systems, and possible universality in the
phase transitions of these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74050 </DOCNO>
Affleck-Dine leptogenesis with triplet Higgs


  We study an extension of the supersymmetric standard model including a pair
of electroweak triplet Higgs $\Delta$ and ${\bar \Delta}$. The neutrinos
acquire Majorana masses mediated by these triplet Higgs fields rather than the
right-handed neutrinos. The successful leptogenesis for baryogenesis can be
realized after the inflation through the Affleck-Dine mechanism on a flat
manifold consisting of $\Delta$, ${\bar \Delta}$, ${\tilde e}^c$
(anti-slepton), even if the triplet Higgs mass $M_\Delta$ is much larger than
the gravitino mass $m_{3/2} \sim 10^3 {\rm GeV}$. Specifically, due to the
effects of the potential terms provided with the superpotential terms $M_\Delta
{\bar \Delta} \Delta$, $(\lambda_{L /} / 2M) {\bar \Delta} {\bar \Delta} e^c
e^c$, $(\lambda_\Delta / 2M) {\bar \Delta} \Delta {\bar \Delta} \Delta$
($\lambda_{L /} / \lambda_\Delta \sim 0.3 - 3$), the phases of $\Delta$, ${\bar
\Delta}$, ${\tilde e}^c$ are rotated at the time with the Hubble parameter $H
\sim M_\Delta$, producing generally the asymmetry with fraction $\epsilon_L
\sim 0.1$. If $M_\Delta$ is large enough, this early leptogenesis can be
completed before the thermal effects take place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72951 </DOCNO>
Light-Front Realization of Chiral Symmetry Breaking


  We discuss a description of chiral symmetry breaking in the light-front (LF)
formalism. Based on careful analyses of several models, we give clear answers
to the following three fundamental questions: (i) What is the difference
between the LF chiral transformation and the ordinary chiral transformation?
(ii) How does a gap equation for the chiral condensate emerge? (iii) What is
the consequence of the coexistence of a nonzero chiral condensate and the
trivial Fock vacuum? The answer to Question (i) is given through a classical
analysis of each model. Question (ii) is answered based on our recognition of
the importance of characteristic constraints, such as the zero-mode and
fermionic constraints. Question (iii) is intimately related to another
important problem, reconciliation of the nonzero chiral condensate and the
invariance of the vacuum under the LF chiral transformation. This and Question
(iii) are understood in terms of the modified chiral transformation laws of the
dependent variables. The characteristic ways in which the chiral symmetry
breaking is realized are that the chiral charge is no longer conserved and that
the transformation of the scalar and pseudoscalar fields is modified. We also
discuss other outcomes, such as the light-cone wave function of the
pseudoscalar meson in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1267 </DOCNO>
Coherent Effects under Suppressed Spontaneous Emission


  An ensemble of resonance atoms is considered, which are doped into a medium
with well developed polariton effect, when in the spectrum of polariton states
there is a band gap. If an atom with a resonance frequency inside the polariton
gap is placed into the medium, the atomic spontaneous emission is suppressed.
However, a system of resonance atoms inside the polariton gap can radiate when
their coherent interaction is sufficiently strong. Thus the suppression of
spontaneous emission for a single atom can be overcome by a collective of atoms
radiating coherently. Conditions when such collective effects can appear and
their dynamics are analysed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98096 </DOCNO>
Dualizing Complexes and Tilting Complexes over Simple Rings


  We prove that two-sided tilting complexes, and dualizing complexes, over
simple Goldie rings (with some technical conditions) are always shifts of
invertible bimodules. This allows us to describe the derived Picard groups of
such rings, and to deduce these are Gorenstein (and sometimes even
Auslander-Gorenstein Cohen-Macaulay) rings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169509 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Wigner Function, Charge Variable and Structure of Position


  The relativistic phase-space representation by means of the usual position
and momentum operators for a class of observables with Weyl symbols independent
of charge variable (i.e. with any combination of position and momentum) is
proposed. The dynamical equation coincides with its analogue in the non-local
theory (generalization of the Newton-Wigner position operator approach) under
conditions when particles creation is impossible. Differences reveal themselves
in specific constraints on possible initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168772 </DOCNO>
Optimization of coherent attacks in generalizations of the BB84 quantum


  The Mayers-Lo-Chau theorem establishes that no quantum bit commitment
protocol is unconditionally secure. Nonetheless, there can be non-trivial upper
bounds on both Bob's probability of correctly estimating Alice's commitment and
Alice's probability of successfully unveiling whatever bit she desires. In this
paper, we seek to determine these bounds for generalizations of the BB84 bit
commitment protocol. In such protocols, an honest Alice commits to a bit by
randomly choosing a state from a specified set and submitting this to Bob, and
later unveils the bit by announcing the chosen state, at which point Bob
measures the projector onto the state. Bob's optimal cheating strategy can be
easily deduced from well known results in the theory of quantum state
estimation. We show how to understand Alice's most general cheating strategy,
(which involves her submitting to Bob one half of an entangled state) in terms
of the theorem of Hughston, Josza and Wootters. We also show how the problem of
optimizing Alice's cheating strategy for a fixed submitted state can be mapped
onto a problem of state estimation. Finally, using the Bloch ball
representation of qubit states, we identify the optimal coherent attack for a
class of protocols that can be implemented with just a single qubit. These
results provide a tight upper bound on Alice's probability of successfully
unveiling whatever bit she desires in the protocol proposed by Aharonov et al.,
and lead us to identify a qubit protocol with an even stronger bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41278 </DOCNO>
Gauge Mediated Proton Decay in a Renormalizable SUSY SO(10) with


  Proton decay via d=5 operators is excluded by now not only in the framework
of SUSY SU(5) but also its extensions like SUSY SO(10) are on the verge of
being inconsistent with d=5 decays. It is reasonable therefore to suppress,
e.g. by a symmetry, the d=5 operators and to consider gauge boson induced d=6
decays. This is suggested in several recent papers in the framework of models
with a lighter $ M_X$. We discuss here explicitly the fermionic sector of such
a renormalizable SUSY SO(10) with realistic mass matrices. We find that the
recently ``observed'' large leptonic mixing leads to an enhancement of the
nucleon decay channels involving $\mu$'s and in particular the $\mu^+\pi^o$,
$\mu^+\pi^-$ modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87039 </DOCNO>
Spin(7)-manifolds and symmetric Yang--Mills instantons


  In this Letter we establish a relationship between symmetric SU(2)
Yang--Mills instantons and metrics with Spin(7)-holonomy. Our method is based
on a slight extension of that of Bryant and Salamon developed to construct
explicit manifolds with special holonomies in 1989.
   More precisely, we prove that making use of symmetric SU(2) Yang--Mills
instantons on Riemannian spin-manifolds, we can construct metrics on the chiral
spinor bundle whose holonomies are within Spin(7). Moreover if the resulting
space is connected, simply connected and complete, the holonomy coincides with
Spin(7).
   The basic example is the metric constructed on the chiral spinor bundle of
the round four-sphere by using a generic SU(2)-instanton of unit action; hence
it is a five-parameter deformation of the Bryant--Salamon example, also found
by Gibbons, Page and Pope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5229 </DOCNO>
Shear-induced Diffusion in Dilute Suspensions of Charged Colloids


  We propose a model for the nonequilibrium enhancement of colloidal
self-diffusion in an externally imposed shear flow in charged systems. The
enhancement of diffusion is calculated in terms of the electrostatic, two--body
interactions between the particles in the shear flow. In the high shear rate,
low volume fraction limit in which our model is valid, we compare these
calculations to the experiments of Qiu et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2554
(1988)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125859 </DOCNO>
The contribution of active galaxies to the far-infrared and


  We present a simple model, developed to estimate the contribution of Active
Galactic Nuclei to the far--infrared background, closely linked to the AGN
synthesis model for the X-ray background. According to our calculation the AGN
contribution is never dominant, ranging from a few to 15 percent between 100
and 850 micron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1230 </DOCNO>
Calculation of Dip Features in the SIS Conductance of D-Wave


  Recent SIS tunneling conductance measurements on a range of Bi2212 crystals
with varying oxygen doping have revealed new information on the behavior of a
dip feature in the tunneling conductance. Calculations presented here show that
the observed variation in position of the dip can be generated in an Eliashberg
formalism for a d-wave superconducting state based on a single peak spectral
weight function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95806 </DOCNO>
Change Intolerance in Spanning Forests


  Call a percolation process on edges of a graph change intolerant if the
status of each edge is almost surely determined by the status of the other
edges. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for change intolerance of
the wired spanning forest when the underlying graph is a spherically symmetric
tree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1704 </DOCNO>
Optimised Renormalisation Group Flows


  We study the optimisation of exact renormalisation group (ERG) flows. We
explain why the convergence of approximate solutions towards the physical
theory is optimised by appropriate choices of the regularisation. We consider
specific optimised regulators for bosonic and fermionic fields and compare the
optimised ERG flows with generic ones. This is done up to second order in the
derivative expansion at both vanishing and non-vanishing temperature. We find
that optimised flows at finite temperature factorise. This corresponds to the
disentangling of thermal and quantum fluctuations. A similar factorisation is
found at second order in the derivative expansion. The corresponding optimised
flow for a ``proper-time renormalisation group'' is also provided to leading
order in the derivative expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99244 </DOCNO>
On the geometry of the characteristic class of a star product on a


  The characteristic class of a star product on a symplectic manifold appears
as the class of a deformation of a given symplectic connection, as described by
Fedosov. In contrast, one usually thinks of the characteristic class of a star
product as the class of a deformation of the Poisson structure (as in
Kontsevich's work). In this paper, we present, in the symplectic framework, a
natural procedure for constructing a star product by directly quantizing a
deformation of the symplectic structure. Basically, in Fedosov's recursive
formula for the star product with zero characteristic class, we replace the
symplectic structure by one of its formal deformations in the parameter
$\hbar$. We then show that every equivalence class of star products contains
such an element. Moreover, within a given class, equivalences between such star
products are realized by formal one-parameter families of diffeomorphisms, as
produced by Moser's argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169032 </DOCNO>
Universal simulation of Hamiltonian dynamics for qudits


  What interactions are sufficient to simulate arbitrary quantum dynamics in a
composite quantum system? Dodd et al. (quant-ph/0106064) provided a partial
solution to this problem in the form of an efficient algorithm to simulate any
desired two-body Hamiltonian evolution using any fixed two-body entangling
N-qubit Hamiltonian, and local unitaries. We extend this result to the case
where the component systems have D dimensions. As a consequence we explain how
universal quantum computation can be performed with any fixed two-body
entangling N-qudit Hamiltonian, and local unitaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179367 </DOCNO>
Nucleon momentum distribution in deuteron and other nuclei within the


  The relativistic light-front dynamics (LFD) method has been shown to give a
correct description of the most recent data for the deuteron monopole and
quadrupole charge form factors obtained at the Jefferson Laboratory for elastic
electron-deuteron scattering for six values of the squared momentum transfer
between 0.66 and 1.7 (GeV/c)$^{2}$. The good agreement with the data is in
contrast with the results of the existing non-relativistic approaches. In this
work we firstly make a complementary test of the LFD applying it to calculate
another important characteristic, the nucleon momentum distribution $n(q)$ of
the deuteron using six invariant functions $f_{i}$ $(i=1,...,6)$ instead of two
($S$- and $D$-waves) in the nonrelativistic case. The comparison with the
$y$-scaling data shows the decisive role of the function $f_{5}$ which at
$q\geq$ 500 MeV/c exceeds all other $f$-functions (as well as the $S$- and
$D$-waves) for the correct description of $n(q)$ of the deuteron in the
high-momentum region. Comparison with other calculations using $S$- and
$D$-waves corresponding to various nucleon-nucleon potentials is made.
Secondly, using clear indications that the high-momentum components of $n(q)$
in heavier nuclei are related to those in the deuteron, we develop an approach
within the natural orbital representation to calculate $n(q)$ in $(A,Z)$-nuclei
on the basis of the deuteron momentum distribution. As examples, $n(q)$ in
$^{4}$He, $^{12}$C and $^{56}$Fe are calculated and good agreement with the
$y$-scaling data is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76122 </DOCNO>
Revisiting pseudo-Dirac neutrinos


  We study the pseudo-Dirac mixing of left and right-handed neutrinos in the
case where the Majorana masses M_L and M_R are small when compared with the
Dirac mass, M_D. The light Majorana masses could be generated by a
non-renormalizable operator reflecting effects of new physics at some high
energy scale. In this context, we obtain a simple model independent closed
bound for M_D. A phenomenologically consistent scenario is achieved with
M_L,M_R ~ 10^{-7} eV and M_D ~ 10^{-5}-10^{-4} eV. This precludes the
possibility of positive mass searches in the planned future experiments like
GENIUS or in tritium decay experiments. If on the other hand, GENIUS does
observe a positive signal for a Majorana mass \geq 10^{-3} eV, then with very
little fine tuning of neutrino parameters, the scale of new physics could be in
the TeV range, but pseudo-Dirac scenario in that case is excluded. We briefly
discuss the constraints from cosmology when a fraction of the dark matter is
composed of nearly degenerate neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97589 </DOCNO>
Restricted set of patterns, continued fractions, and Chebyshev


  We study generating functions for the number of permutations in $S_n$ subject
to set of restrictions. One of the restrictions belongs to $S_3$, while the
others to $S_k$. It turns out that in a large variety of cases the answer can
be expressed via continued fractions, and Chebyshev polynomials of the second
kind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98900 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Mollifiers for High Resolution Recovery of Piecewise Smooth


  We discuss the reconstruction of piecewise smooth data from its (pseudo-)
spectral information. Spectral projections enjoy superior resolution provided
the data is globally smooth, while the presence of jump discontinuities is
responsible for spurious ${\cal O}(1)$ Gibbs oscillations in the neighborhood
of edges and an overall deterioration to the unacceptable first-order
convergence rate. The purpose is to regain the superior accuracy in the
piecewise smooth case, and this is achieved by mollification.
  Here we utilize a modified version of the two-parameter family of spectral
mollifiers introduced by Gottlieb & Tadmor [GoTa85]. The ubiquitous
one-parameter, finite-order mollifiers are based on dilation. In contrast, our
mollifiers achieve their high resolution by an intricate process of high-order
cancelation. To this end, we first implement a localization step using edge
detection procedure, [GeTa00a, GeTa00b]. The accurate recovery of piecewise
smooth data is then carried out in the direction of smoothness away from the
edges, and adaptivity is responsible for the high resolution. The resulting
adaptive mollifier greatly accelerates the convergence rate, recovering
piecewise analytic data within exponential accuracy while removing spurious
oscillations that remained in [GoTa85]. Thus, these adaptive mollifiers offer a
robust, general-purpose ``black box'' procedure for accurate post processing of
piecewise smooth data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6005 </DOCNO>
Scanning microSQUID Force Microscope


  A novel scanning probe technique is presented: Scanning microSQUID Force
microscopy (SSFM). The instrument features independent topographic and magnetic
imaging. The SSFM operates in a dilution refrigerator in cryogenic vacuum.
Sample and probe can be cooled to 0.45 K. The probe consists of a microSQUID
placed at the edge of a silicon chip attached to a quartz tuning fork. A
topographic vertical resolution of 0.02 micrometer is demonstrated and magnetic
flux as weak as $10^{-3} \Phi_{0}$ is resolved with a 1 micrometer diameter
microSQUID loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127559 </DOCNO>
The Distance of the Large Magellanic Cloud Cluster NGC 1866


  Hubble Space Telescope V,I photometry of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Cluster NGC 1866 shows a well defined cluster main sequence down to V=25 mag,
with little contamination from field or foreground stars. We use the main
sequence fitting procedure to link the distance of NGC 1866 to the Hipparcos
determination of the distance for the Hyades MS stars, making use of
evolutionary prescriptions to allow for differences in the chemical
composition. On this basis we find a true distance modulus for NGC 1866 of
18.35 +/- 0.05 mag. If the cluster is assumed to lie in the LMC plane then the
LMC modulus is 0.02 mag less.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2444 </DOCNO>
Exact ground state of one- and two-dimensional frustrated quantum spin


  We outline the recent results on the ground state for a class of one- and
two-dimensional frustrated quantum spin models with competing ferro(F)- and
antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions. Frustrated spin systems are known to have
many interesting properties due to large quantum fluctuations. As a result of
these fluctuations usual mean-field approach gives quite crude (if not false)
description of these systems. Therefore, exactly solvable models are very
instructive at investigations of such systems. The exact ground state wave
function of proposed models has a structure of the valence-bond state (VBS)
type. One of the 1D model describes the transition line between the F and AF
phase. The exact singlet ground state on this line has a double-spiral
ordering. Using different approximation methods we study the magnetization
curve in the AF phase. The second considered set of the 1D and 2D models has an
exact non-degenerate ground state with exponentially decaying spin
correlations. We also proposed the 1D and 2D electronic models with exact
ground state represented in terms of singlet bond functions which are the
generalization of the RVB functions including ionic states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113931 </DOCNO>
Available Energy for Life on a Planet, with or without Stellar Radiation


  The quest for life in the Universe is often affected by the free use of
extrapolations of our phenomenological geocentric knowledge. We point out that
the existence of a living organism, and a population of organisms, requires the
existence of available energy or, more precisely, available power per unit
volume (Sect. 1). This is not a geocentric concept, but a principle that
belongs to the foundations of thermodynamics. A quest about availability in the
Universe is justified. We discuss the case in which power comes from mining
(Sect. 2), and from thermal disequilibrium (Sect. 3). Thermal disequilibrium
may show up in two ways: on planets without a star (Sect. 4), and on planets
where the surface thermal disequilibrium is dominated by the incoming photon
flux from the nearest star (Sect. 6). In the first case we study the
availability by simulating the structure of the planet with a simple model that
contains the general features of the problem. For the first case we show that
the availability is in general very small (Sect. 5). In the second case we show
that the availability is in general large; the order of magnitude depends first
of all on the star's temperature and the planet's orbit, but is also controlled
by the greenhouse gases present on the planet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129237 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Ray composition around the knee from EAS electromagnetic and muon


  We report the analysis of the Ne-Nmuon coincident events collected by the
MACRO/EAS-TOP collaboration at the Gran Sasso Laboratories. The result points
to a primary composition becoming heavier around the knee of the primary
spectrum (in the energy region 10**15-10**16 eV). The result is in very good
agreement with the measurements of EAS-TOP alone at the surface, wich detects
muons with energy Emuon > 1 GeV and uses the same (QGSJET) interaction model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1691 </DOCNO>
Low-energy renormalization of the electron dispersion of high-T$_c$


  High-resolution ARPES studies in cuprates have detected low-energy changes in
the dispersion and absorption of quasi-particles at low temperatures, in
particular, in the superconducting state. Based on a new 1/N expansion of the
t-J-Holstein model, which includes collective antiferromagnetic fluctuations
already in leading order, we argue that the observed low-energy structures are
mainly caused by phonons and not by spin fluctuations, at least, in the optimal
and overdoped regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 950 </DOCNO>
The Fermi surface of CeCoIn5: dHvA


  Measurements of the de Haas - van Alphen effect in the normal state of the
heavy Fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 have been carried out using a torque
cantilever at temperatures ranging from 20 to 500 mK and in fields up to 18
tesla. Angular dependent measurements of the extremal Fermi surface areas
reveal a more extreme two dimensional sheet than is found in either CeRhIn5 or
CeIrIn5. The effective masses of the measured frequencies range from 9 to 20
m*/m0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113567 </DOCNO>
Kinetic theory of QED plasma in a strong electromagnetic field I. The


  We develop a covariant density matrix approach to kinetic theory of QED
plasmas subjected into a strong external electromagnetic field. A canonical
quantization of the system on space-like hyperplanes in Minkowski space and a
covariant generalization of the Coulomb gauge is used. The condensate mode
associated with the mean electromagnetic field is separated from the photon
degrees of freedom by a time-dependent unitary transformation of both, the
dynamical variables and the nonequilibrium statistical operator. Therefore even
in the case of strong external fields a perturbative expansion in orders of the
fine structure constant for the correlation functions as well as the
statistical operator is applicable. A general scheme for deriving kinetic
equations in the hyperplane formalism is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169110 </DOCNO>
Teleportation of Entangled States of a Vacuum-One Photon Qubit


  We report the experimental realization of teleporting an entangled qubit. The
qubit is physically implemented by a two-dimensional subspace of states of a
mode of the electromagnetic field, specifically, the space spanned by the
vacuum and the one photon state. Our experiment follows along lines suggested
by H. W. Lee and J. Kim, Phys. Rev. A, 63, 012305 (2000) and E.Knill,
R.Laflamme and G.Milburn Nature 409: 46 (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124785 </DOCNO>
CE-315 : A New Interacting Double-degenerate Binary Star


  We present spectroscopic observations of object CE-315 revealing a blue
continuum with strong emission lines. Most of the detected lines are identified
with He I or He II in emission with a handful of faint lines of nitrogen.
Notable is the complete absence of hydrogen lines. The He lines exhibit
triple-peaked profiles with remakably broad widths, of about 2000 km/s (FWZP).
  The observations show that CE-315 is an interacting binary system with an
orbital period of 65.1 +/- 0.7 minutes, and a mass ratio of 0.022. We conclude
that the most likely scenario for this object is that of an accreting 0.77
solar mass white dwarf with a 0.017 solar mass helium white dwarf as mass
donor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169397 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Correlated Phase Changes in Quantum Games


  In one of our previous works we investigated the correlation between a
quantum game and its entanglement. For the particular case of the Prisoners'
Dilemma, the result shows that the game's property depends discontinuously on
the amount of the entanglement. This discontinuity can be considered as phase
changes with respect to the varying of the game's entanglement. In this paper,
we reveal the correlation between the phase changes and the numerical values in
the payoff matrix of the game. We find that if these numerical values satisfy
some certain condition, the phase in which the game has two asymmetric Nash
equilibria will disappear. Furthermore, the phase changes exhibits interesting
variation with respect to the numerical values in the payoff matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168966 </DOCNO>
A simple model of quantum trajectories


  Quantum trajectory theory, developed largely in the quantum optics community
to describe open quantum systems subjected to continuous monitoring, has
applications in many areas of quantum physics. In this paper I present a simple
model, using two-level quantum systems (q-bits), to illustrate the essential
physics of quantum trajectories and how different monitoring schemes correspond
to different ``unravelings'' of a mixed state master equation. I also comment
briefly on the relationship of the theory to the Consistent Histories formalism
and to spontaneous collapse models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98157 </DOCNO>
A p-adic proof of Hodge symmetry for threefolds


  In this note we give a p-adic proof of Hodge symmetry for smooth, projective
threefolds over complex numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2461 </DOCNO>
Extremal properties of random trees


  We investigate extremal statistical properties such as the maximal and the
minimal heights of randomly generated binary trees. By analyzing the master
evolution equations we show that the cumulative distribution of extremal
heights approaches a traveling wave form. The wave front in the minimal case is
governed by the small-extremal-height tail of the distribution, and conversely,
the front in the maximal case is governed by the large-extremal-height tail of
the distribution. We determine several statistical characteristics of the
extremal height distribution analytically. In particular, the expected minimal
and maximal heights grow logarithmically with the tree size, N, hmin ~ vmin ln
N, and hmax ~ vmax ln N, with vmin=0.373365 and vmax=4.31107, respectively.
Corrections to this asymptotic behavior are of order O(ln ln N).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4901 </DOCNO>
The onset of the vortex-like Nernst signal above Tc in La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4


  The diffusion of vortices down a thermal gradient produces a Josephson signal
which is detected as the vortex Nernst effect. In a recent report, Xu et al.,
Nature 406, 486 (2000), an enhanced Nernst signal identified with vortex-like
excitations was observed in a series of La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4 (LSCO) crystals at
temperatures 50-100 K above T_c. To pin down the onset temperature T_{\nu} of
the vortex-like signal in the lightly doped regime (0.03 < x < 0.07), we have
re-analyzed in detail the carrier contribution to the Nernst signal. By
supplementing new Nernst measurements with thermopower and Hall-angle data, we
isolate the off-diagonal Peltier conductivity \alpha_{xy} and show that its
profile provides an objective determination of T_{\nu}. With the new results,
we revise the phase diagram for the fluctuation regime in LSCO to accomodate
the lightly doped regime. In the cuprate Bi_2Sr_{2-y}La_yCuO_6, we find that
the carrier contribution is virtually negligible for y in the range 0.4-0.6.
The evidence for an extended temperature interval with vortex-like excitations
is even stronger in this system. Finally, we discuss how T_{\nu} relates to the
pseudogap temperature T* and the implications of strong fluctuations between
the pseudogap state and the d-wave superconducting state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96727 </DOCNO>
Quasiinvariants of Coxeter groups and m-harmonic polynomials


  The space of m-harmonic polynomials related to a Coxeter group G and a
multiplicity function m on its root system is defined as the joint kernel of
the properly gauged invariant integrals of the corresponding generalised
quantum Calogero-Moser problem. The relation between this space and the ring of
all quantum integrals of this system (which is isomorphic to the ring of
corresponding quasiinvariants) is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5996 </DOCNO>
The normal state scattering rate in high-Tc cuprates


  I present a new phenomenological model for the normal state transport
properties of high-Tc cuprates. In particular, I identify a form of scattering
rate that may account, both qualitatively and quantitatively, for all the
low-field normal state (magneto)-transport properties of the single-band
single-layer cuprate Tl2201 from optimal doping through to the overdoped side
of the phase diagram. The form of the scattering rate is also consistent with
features seen in photoemission spectroscopy in high-Tc cuprates and offers a
new intuitive way to understand the variation of Tc with carrier concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127638 </DOCNO>
Millimeter and Submillimeter Observations from the South Pole


  During the past decade, a year-round observatory has been established at the
geographic South Pole by the Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica
(CARA). CARA has fielded several millimeter- and submillimeter-wave
instruments: AST/RO (the Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote
Observatory, a 1.7-m telescope outfitted with a variety of receivers at
frequencies from 230 GHz to 810 GHz, including PoleSTAR, a heterodyne
spectrometer array), Python (a degree-scale CMB telescope), Viper (a 2-m
telescope which has been outfitted with SPARO, a submillimeter-wave bolometric
array polarimeter, ACBAR, a multi-channel CMB instrument, and Dos Equis, a HEMT
polarimeter), and DASI (the Degree-Angular Scale Interferometer). These
instruments have obtained significant results in studies of the interstellar
medium and observational cosmology, including detections of the 1 degree
acoustic peak in the CMB and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. The South Pole
environment is unique among observatory sites for unusually low wind speeds,
low absolute humidity, and the consistent clarity of the submillimeter sky. The
atmosphere is dessicated by cold: at the South Pole's average annual
temperature of -49 C, the partial pressure of saturated water vapor is only
1.2% of what it is at 0 C. The low water vapor levels result in exceptionally
low values of sky noise. This is crucial for large-scale observations of faint
cosmological sources---for such observations the South Pole is unsurpassed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127251 </DOCNO>
Newtonian hydrodynamics of the coalescence of black holes with neutron


  We present the results of three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of the
final stages of inspiral in a black hole-neutron star binary, when the
separation is comparable to the stellar radius. We use a Newtonian Smooth
Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) code to model the evolution of the system, and
take the neutron star to be a polytrope with a soft (adiabatic index G=2 and
G=5/3) equation of state and the black hole to be a Newtonian point mass. The
only non-Newtonian effect we include is a gravitational radiation back reaction
force, computed in the quadrupole approximation for point masses. We use
irrotational binaries as initial conditions for our dynamical simulations,
which are begun when the system is on the verge of initiating mass transfer and
followed for approximately 23 ms. For all the cases studied we find that the
star is disrupted on a dynamical time-scale, and forms a massive (the disc mass
is approximately 0.2 solar masses) accretion torus around the spinning (Kerr)
black hole. The rotation axis is clear of baryons (less than 1.e-5 solar masses
within 10 degrees) to an extent that would not preclude the formation of a
relativistic fireball capable of powering a cosmological gamma ray burst. Some
mass (the specific amount is sensitive to the stiffness of the equation of
state) may be dynamically ejected from the system during the coalescence and
could undergo r-process nucleosynthesis. We calculate the waveforms,
luminosities and energy spectra of the gravitational radiation signal and show
how they reflect the global outcome of the coalescence process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74680 </DOCNO>
Spacetime torsion and parity violation: a gauge invariant formulation


  The possibility of parity violation through spacetime torsion has been
explored in a scenario containing fields with different spins. Taking the
Kalb-Ramond field as the source of torsion, an explicitly parity violating
$U(1)_{EM}$ gauge invariant theory has been constructed by extending the KR
field with a Chern-Simons term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149451 </DOCNO>
Crossing Symmetry in the $H_3^+$ WZNW model


  We show that crossing symmetry of four point functions in the $H_3^+$ WZNW
model follows from similar properties of certain five point correlation
functions in Liouville theory that have already been proven previously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5950 </DOCNO>
Compositional and orientational ordering in rod-coil diblock copolymer


  The phase behavior of a melt of monodisperse rod-coil diblocks is studied. We
derive a Landau free energy functional for both a compositional and a nematic
order parameter. The excluded volume interaction between the rod blocks is
modeled by an attractive Maier-Saupe interaction. The incompatibility between
rod- and coil blocks is modeled by the usual Flory-Huggins interaction. For a
large volume fraction of the rods, a transition from isotropic to nematic to
smectic C is observed upon decreasing the temperature, whereas for small rod
volume fraction, spherical, hexagonal, and lamellar structures prevail. In the
smectic C phase, the rod orientation angle with respect to the lamellar normal
increases rapidly from 35 to 40 degrees close to the nematic/smectic-C phase
boundary to values between 45 and 55 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4183 </DOCNO>
Little-Parks Oscillation of Superconducting M\"obius Strip


  Little-Parks oscillation of a M\"obius strip (or ring equivalently) made of a
superconductor is studied based on Ginzburg-Landau theory. It is shown that, if
the strip is wide enough, a novel state appears when the number of magnetic
flux quanta threading the ring is close to a half odd integer. As a result the
shape of Little-Parks oscillation of critical temperature is modified. We
estimate the free energy of this state and give the phase diagram of the
superconducting M\"obius strip in a magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75719 </DOCNO>
Lattice Chiral Symmetry and the Wess-Zumino Model


  A lattice regularization of the supersymmetric Wess-Zumino model is studied
by using Ginsparg-Wilson operators. We recognize a certain conflict between the
lattice chiral symmetry and the Majorana condition for Yukawa couplings, or in
Weyl representation a conflict between the lattice chiral symmetry and Yukawa
couplings. This conflict is also related, though not directly, to the fact that
the kinetic (K\"{a}hler) term and the superpotential term are clearly
distinguished in the continuum Wess-Zumino model, whereas these two terms are
mixed in the Ginsparg-Wilson operators. We illustrate a case where lattice
chiral symmetry together with naive Bose-Fermi symmetry is imposed by
preserving a SUSY-like symmetry in the free part of the Lagrangian; one-loop
level non-renormalization of the superpotential is then maintained for finite
lattice spacing, though the finite parts of wave function renormalization
deviate from the supersymmetric value. All these properties hold for the
general Ginsparg-Wilson algebra independently of the detailed construction of
lattice Dirac operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75458 </DOCNO>
The Fadin-Lipatov-vertex in high-energy heavy quark and charmonium


  Calculations of heavy quark and charmonium hadroproduction are presented in
the k_t-factorization approach. The resulting differential cross sections are
compared to experimental values and NLO collinear predictions. The application
of the full effective Fadin-Lipatov quark-antiquark- production-vertex has an
important influence on the results and in particular leads to a strong
suppression of certain color octet contributions which are related to the
outstanding problem of the production of polarized J/Psi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76477 </DOCNO>
Is inflatino production during preheating a threat to nucleosynthesis?


  We discuss the production of inflatino the superpartner of the inflaton due
to vacuum fluctuations during preheating and argue that they do decay alongwith
the inflaton to produce a thermal bath. Therefore they do not survive until
nucleosynthsis to pose a threat to it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95550 </DOCNO>
Extensions of locally compact quantum groups and the bicrossed product


  In the framework of locally compact quantum groups, we study cocycle actions.
We develop the cocycle bicrossed product construction, starting from a matched
pair of locally compact quantum groups. We define exact sequences and establish
a one-to-one correspondence between cocycle bicrossed products and cleft
extensions. In this way, we obtain new examples of locally compact quantum
groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129681 </DOCNO>
Three-Dimensional Identification and Reconstruction of Galaxy Systems


  We have developed a new geometrical method for identifying and reconstructing
a homogeneous and highly complete set of galaxy groups in the next generation
of deep, flux-limited redshift surveys. Our method combines information from
the three-dimensional Voronoi diagram and its dual, the Delaunay triangulation,
to obtain group and cluster catalogs that are remarkably robust over wide
ranges in redshift and degree of density enhancement. Using the mock DEEP2
catalogs, we demonstrate that the VDM algorithm can be used to identify a
homogeneous set of groups in a magnitude-limited sample ($I\sbr{AB}\le23.5$)
throughout the survey redshift window $0.7 < z < 1.2$. The actual group
membership can be effectively reconstructed even in the distorted redshift
space environment for systems with line of sight velocity dispersion
$\sigma_{los}$ greater than $\approx 200$ \kms. By comparing the galaxy cluster
catalog derived from the mock DEEP2 observations to the underlying distribution
of clusters found in real space with much fainter galaxies included (which
should more closely trace mass in the cluster), we can assess completeness in
velocity dispersion directly. We conclude that the recovered DEEP2 group and
cluster sample should be statistically complete for $\sigma_{los} \gtrsim 400$
\kms. Finally, we argue that the reconstructed bivariate distribution of
systems as a function of redshift and velocity dispersion reproduces with high
fidelity the underlying real space distribution and can thus be used robustly
to constrain cosmological parameters

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124837 </DOCNO>
A ROSAT WFC observation of SW UMa: the EUV behaviour of dwarf novae in


  During re-processing and analysis of the entire ROSAT Wide Field Camera (WFC)
pointed observations database, we discovered a serendipitous, off-axis
detection of the cataclysmic variable SW UMa at the onset of its 1997 October
superoutburst. Although long outbursts in this SU UMa-type system are known to
occur every ~450 days, none had ever been previously observed in the extreme
ultra-violet (EUV) by ROSAT. The WFC observations began just ~13 hr after the
optical rise was detected. With a peak count rate of 4.5 count/s in the S1
filter, SW UMa was temporarily the third brightest object in the sky in this
waveband. Over the next ~19 hr the measured EUV flux dropped to <2 count/s
while the optical brightness remained essentially static at V~11. Similar
behaviour has also been recently reported in the EUV light curve of the related
SU UMa-type binary OY Car during superoutburst (Mauche and Raymond 2000). In
contrast, U Gem-type dwarf novae show no such early EUV dip during normal
outbursts. Therefore, this feature may be common in superoutbursts of SU
UMa-like systems. We expand on ideas first put forward by Osaki (1994, 1995)
and Mauche and Raymond (2000) and offer an explanation for this behaviour by
examining the interplay between the thermal and tidal instabilities which
affect the accretion disks in these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149706 </DOCNO>
Euclidean Scalar Green Function in a Higher Dimensional Global Spacetime


  We construct the explicit Euclidean scalar Green function associated with a
massless field in a higher dimensional global monopole spacetime, i.e., a
$(1+d)$-spacetime with $d\geq3$ which presents a solid angle deficit. Our
result is expressed in terms of a infinite sum of products of Legendre
functions with Gegenbauer polynomials. Although this Green function cannot be
expressed in a closed form, for the specific case where the solid angle deficit
is very small, it is possible to develop the sum and obtain the Green function
in a more workable expression. Having this expression it is possible to
calculate the vacuum expectation value of some relevant operators. As an
application of this formalism, we calculate the renormalized vacuum expectation
value of the square of the scalar field, $<\Phi^2(x)>_{Ren.}$, and the
energy-momentum tensor, $<T_{\mu\nu}(x)>_{Ren.}$, for the global monopole
spacetime with spatial dimensions $d=4$ and $d=5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41824 </DOCNO>
Combined results on b-hadron production rates and decay properties


  Combined results on b-hadron lifetimes, b-hadron production rates, B^0_d -
\bar{B^0_d} and B^0_S - \bar{B^0_s} oscillations, the decay width difference
between the mass eigenstates of the B^0_s - \bar{B^0_s} system, the average
number of c and \bar{c} quarks in b-hadron decays, and searches for CP
violation in the B^0_d - \bar{B-0_d} system are presented. They have been
obtained from published and preliminary measurements available in Summer 2000
from the ALEPH, CDF, DELPHI, L3, OPAL and SLD Collaborations. These results
have been used to determine the parameters of the CKM unitarity triangle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41811 </DOCNO>
Pair production of charged Higgs bosons at future linear e+e- colliders


  In this paper, the pair production of charged Higgs bosons at possible future
e+e- linear colliders is studied. Multi-jet final states are considered and the
combinatorial, hadronic and genuine tbtb backgrounds are reduced thanks to a
kinematical fit. TeV-class and multi-TeV linear colliders are likely to be
sensitive to charged Higgs bosons with masses up to about 350 GeV and 1.0 TeV
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97161 </DOCNO>
Quasi-unipotence of overconvergent F-crystals


  Building on our previous papers (math.AG/0102173, math.AG/0105244,
math.AG/0106192) we prove that every overconvergent F-isocrystal over k((t)) is
quasi-unipotent (in the sense of Crew), for k a field of positive
characteristic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4535 </DOCNO>
Mechanically reinforced MgB2 wires and tapes with high transport


  Monofilamentary MgB2-wires with a 2- or 3-component sheath containing
mechanical reinforcing stainless steel (SS) were prepared and characterized. In
direct contact to the superconductor Nb, Ta or Fe was used. For a selection of
samples with a Fe and Fe/SS sheath, we investigated the transport critical
current behaviour in magnetic fields changing systematically the geometrical
shape from a round wire to a flat tape. A strong increase of the current
densities in flat tapes was observed and possible reasons for this are
discussed. Reinforcing the sheath in the outer layer with different amounts of
stainless steel leads to a systematic field dependent decrease of the transport
critical current density with increasing steel amount. This is an indication
for a pre-stress induced degradation of the critical currents in MgB2 wires and
first Ic-stress-strain experiments seem to confirm this observation and
interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123781 </DOCNO>
Accretion Disks Around Young Objects. III. Grain Growth


  We present detailed models of irradiated T Tauri disks including dust grain
growth with power-law size distributions. The models assume complete mixing
between dust and gas and solve for the vertical disk structure
self-consistentlyincluding the heating effects of stellar irradiation as well
as local viscous heating. For a given total dust mass, grain growth is found to
decrease the vertical height of the surface where the optical depth to the
stellar radiation becomes unit and thus the local irradiation heating, while
increasing the disk emission at mm and sub-mm wavelengths. The resulting disk
models are less geometrically thick than our previous models assuming
interstellar medium dust, and agree better with observed spectral energy
distributions and images of edge-on disks, like HK Tau/c and HH 30. The
implications of models with grain growth for determining disk masses from
long-wavelength emission are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3679 </DOCNO>
The Euclidean travelling salesman problem: Frequency distribution of


  We have studied numerically the frequency distribution $\rho (n)$ of the n-th
neighbour along the optimal tour in the Euclidean travelling salesman problem
for N cities, in dimensions d=2 and d=3. We find there is no significant
dependence of $\rho (n)$ on either the number of cities N or the dimension d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 632 </DOCNO>
Evidence for ubiquitous strong electron-phonon coupling in


  Coupling between electrons and phonons (lattice vibrations) drives the
formation of the electron pairs responsible for conventional superconductivity.
The lack of direct evidence for electron-phonon coupling in the electron
dynamics of the high transition temperature superconductors has driven an
intensive search for an alternative mechanism. A coupling of an electron with a
phonon would result in an abrupt change of its velocity and scattering rate
near the phonon energy. Here we use angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy
to probe electron dynamics -velocity and scattering rate- for three different
families of copper oxide superconductors. We see in all of these materials an
abrupt change of electron velocity at 50-80meV, which we cannot explain by any
known process other than to invoke coupling with the phonons associated with
the movement of the oxygen atoms. This suggests that electron-phonon coupling
strongly influences the electron dynamics in the high-temperature
superconductors, and must therefore be included in any microscopic theory of
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41127 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mass Spectrum and Future Beta Decay Experiments


  We study the discovery potential of future beta decay experiments on searches
for the neutrino mass in the sub-eV range, and, in particular, KATRIN
experiment with sensitivity $m > 0.3$ eV. Effects of neutrino mass and mixing
on the beta decay spectrum in the neutrino schemes which explain the solar and
atmospheric neutrino data are discussed. The schemes which lead to observable
effects contain one or two sets of quasi-degenerate states. Future beta decay
measurements will allow to check the three neutrino scheme with mass
degeneracy, moreover, the possibility appears to measure the CP-violating
Majorana phase. Effects in the four neutrino schemes which can also explain the
LSND data are strongly restricted by the results of Bugey and CHOOZ oscillation
experiments: Apart from bending of the spectrum and the shift of the end point
one expects appearance of small kink of ($ < 2% $) size or suppressed tail
after bending of the spectrum with rate below 2 % of the expected rate for zero
neutrino mass. We consider possible implications of future beta decay
experiments for the neutrino mass spectrum, the determination of the absolute
scale of neutrino mass and for establishing the nature of neutrinos. We show
that beta decay measurements in combination with data from the oscillation and
double beta decay experiments will allow to establish the structure of the
scheme (hierarchical or non-hierarchical), the type of the hierarchy or
ordering of states (normal or inverted) and to measure the relative
CP-violating phase in the solar pair of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127504 </DOCNO>
Mass Loss and Magnetospheres: X-rays from Hot Stars and Young Stellar


  High-resolution X-ray spectra of high-mass stars and low-mass T-Tauri stars
obtained during the first year of the Chandra mission are providing important
clues about the mechanisms which produce X-rays on very young stars. For zeta
Puppis (O4 If) and zeta Ori (O9.5 I), the broad, blue-shifted line profiles,
line ratios, and derived temperature distribution suggest that the X-rays are
produced throughout the wind via instability-driven wind shocks. For some less
luminous OB stars, like theta^1 Ori C (O7 V) and tau Sco (B0 V), the line
profiles are symmetric and narrower. The presence of time-variable emission and
very high-temperature lines in theta^1 Ori C and tau Sco suggest that
magnetically confined wind shocks may be at work. The grating spectrum of the
classical T-Tauri star TW Hya is remarkable because the forbidden-line emission
of He-like Ne IX and O VII is very weak, implying that the X-ray emitting
region is very dense, n = 6E+12 cgs, or that the X-rays are produced very close
to the ultraviolet hotspot at the base of an accretion funnel. ACIS light
curves and spectra of flares and low-mass and high-mass young stellar objects
in Orion and rho Ophiuchus further suggest that extreme magnetic activity is a
general property of many very young stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75417 </DOCNO>
Isocurvature Fluctuations in Tracker Quintessence Models


  We consider effects of the isocurvature perturbation in the framework of the
tracker-type quintessence models. During the inflation, fluctuations in the
amplitude of the quintessence field are generated, which provide isocurvature
component of the cosmic density perturbation. Contrary to the conventional
notion, it is shown that effects of the isocurvature fluctuation may become
sizable in some cases, and in particular, the cosmic microwave background
angular power spectrum may be significantly enhanced due to the effect of the
isocurvature mode. Such an enhancement may be detectable in on-going and future
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126221 </DOCNO>
Galaxy threshing and the formation of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies


  Recent spectroscopic and morphological observational studies of galaxies
around NGC 1399 in the Fornax Cluster (Drinkwater et al. 2000b) have discovered
several `ultra-compact dwarf' galaxies with intrinsic sizes of $\sim$ 100 pc
and absolute $B$ band magnitudes ranging from -13 to -11 mag. In order to
elucidate the origin of these enigmatic objects, we perform numerical
simulations on the dynamical evolution of nucleated dwarf galaxies orbiting NGC
1399 and suffering from its strong tidal gravitational field. Adopting a
plausible scaling relation for dwarf galaxies, we find that the outer stellar
components of a nucleated dwarf are totally removed. This is due to them being
tidally stripped over the course of several passages past the central region of
NGC 1399. The nucleus, however, manages to survive. We also find that the size
and luminosity of the remnant are similar to those observed for ultra-compact
dwarf galaxies, if the simulated precursor nucleated dwarf has a mass of $\sim$
$10^8$ $M_{\odot}$. These results suggest that ultra-compact dwarf galaxies
could have previously been more luminous dwarf spheroidal or elliptical
galaxies with rather compact nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4415 </DOCNO>
Electronic and Magnetic Structures of Sr2FeMoO6


  We have investigated the electronic and magnetic structures of Sr2FeMoO6
employing site-specific direct probes, namely x-ray absorption spectroscopy
with linearly and circularly polarized photons. In contrast to some previous
suggestions, the results clearly establish that Fe is in the formal trivalent
state in this compound. With the help of circularly polarized light, it is
unambiguously shown that the moment at the Mo sites is below the limit of
detection (< 0.25mu_B), resolving a previous controversy. We also show that the
decrease of the observed moment in magnetization measurements from the
theoretically expected value is driven by the presence of mis-site disorder
between Fe and Mo sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86511 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Complex Projective Spaces and their Star-products


  We derive an explicit expression for an associative *-product on fuzzy
complex projective spaces. This generalises previous results for the fuzzy
2-sphere and gives a discrete non-commutative algebra of functions on fuzzy
complex projective spaces, represented by matrix multiplication. The matrices
are restricted to ones whose dimension is that of the totally symmetric
representations of SU(N). In the limit of infinite dimensional matrices we
recover the commutative algebra of functions on ordinary projective space.
Derivatives on the fuzzy projective space are also expressed as matrix
commutators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97655 </DOCNO>
Operator-theoretic infrared renormalization and construction of dressed


  We consider the infrared problem in a model of a freely propagating,
nonrelativistic charged particle of mass 1 in interaction with the quantized
electromagnetic field. The hamiltonian of the system is regularized by an
infrared cutoff $\ssig\ll 1$ and an ultraviolet cutoff $\Lambda\sim 1$ in the
interaction term, in units of the mass of the charged particle. Due to
translation invariance, it suffices to study $\Hps$, the restriction of the
hamiltonian to the fibre Hilbert space of the conserved momentum operator
associated to total momentum $p\in\R^3$. Under the condition that the coupling
constant $g$ and the conserved momentum $p$ are sufficiently small, the
following statements hold: (1) For every $\ssig>0$, $E_0:=inf spec \Hps$ is an
eigenvalue with corresponding eigenvector $\Omega[p,\ssig]\in\Hp$. (2) For all
$\ssig\geq0$, the first and second derivatives of $(\Egrd-\frac{|p|^2}{2})$ are
$O(g^\delta)$ for some $\delta>0$. (3) $\Omega[p,\ssig]$ is not an element of
the Fock space $\Hp$ in the limit $\ssig\to0$, if $|p|>0$. Our proofs are based
on the operator-theoretic renormalization group of V. Bach, J. Fr\"ohlich, and
I.M. Sigal. The key difficulty in the analysis of this system is connected to
the strictly marginal nature of the leading interaction term, and a main issue
in our exposition is to develop analytic tools to control its renormalization
flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74185 </DOCNO>
Application of finite field-dependent BRS transformations to problems of


  We discuss the Coulomb propagator in the formalism developed recently in
which we construct the Coulomb gauge path-integral by correlating it with the
well-defined Lorentz gauge path-integrals through a finite field-dependent BRS
transformation. We discover several features of the Coulomb gauge from it. We
find that the singular Coulomb gauge HAS to be treated as the gauge parameter
lambda --> 0 limit. We further find that the propagator so obtained has good
high energy behavior (k_0^{-2}) for lambda and epsilon nonzero. We further find
that the behavior of the propagator so obtained is sensitive to the order of
limits k_0 -->infinity, lambda -->0 and epsilon --> 0; so that these have to be
handled carefully in a higher loop calculation. We show that we can arrive at
the result of Cheng and Tsai for the ambiguous two loop Feynman integrals
without the need for an extra ad hoc regularization and within the path
integral formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87209 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of the Retarded Van der Waals Force


  The retarded Van der Waals force between a polarizable particle and a
perfectly conducting plate is re-examined. The expression for this force given
by Casimir and Polder represents a mean force, but there are large fluctuations
around this mean value on short time scales which are of the same order of
magnitude as the mean force itself. However, these fluctuations occur on time
scales which are typically of the order of the light travel time between the
atom and the plate. As a consequence, they will not be observed in an
experiment which measures the force averaged over a much longer time. In the
large time limit, the magnitude of the mean squared velocity of a test particle
due to this fluctuating Van der Waals force approaches a constant, and is
similar to a Brownian motion of a test particle in an thermal bath with an
effective temperature. However the fluctuations are not isotropic in this case,
and the shift in the mean square velocity components can even be negative. We
interpret this negative shift to correspond to a reduction in the velocity
spread of a wavepacket. The force fluctuations discussed in this paper are
special case of the more general problem of stress tensor fluctuations. These
are of interest in a variety of areas fo physics, including gravity theory.
Thus the effects of Van der Waals force fluctuations serve as a useful model
for better understanding quantum effects in gravity theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41195 </DOCNO>
Solar Neutrino Results from Super-Kamiokande


  Super-Kamiokande has measured the solar neutrino flux using elastic
neutrino-electron scattering in water. The measured flux is
$2.32\pm0.03$(stat)$^{+0.08}_{-0.07}$(syst)$\times10^6$/(cm$^2$s) based on the
energy range of 5 to 20 MeV for the recoiling electron. The time-dependence and
energy spectrum of the recoiling electrons were studied to search for
two-neutrino oscillation signatures. The absence of either significant zenith
angle flux variation or distortions of the recoil electron spectrum places
strong constraints on neutrino mass difference and mixing. In combination with
the flux measurement, two allowed regions at large mixing are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1951 </DOCNO>
Order in driven vortex lattices in superconducting Nb films with


  Driven vortex lattices have been studied in a material with strong pinning,
such as Nb films. Samples in which natural random pinning coexists with
artificial ordered arrays of defects (submicrometric Ni dots) have been
fabricated with different geometries (square, triangular and rectangular).
Three different dynamic regimes are found: for low vortex velocities, there is
a plastic regime in which random defects frustrate the effect of the ordered
array; then, for vortex velocities in the range 1-100 m/s, there is a sudden
increase in the interaction between the vortex lattice and the ordered dot
array, independent on the geometry. This effect is associated to the onset of
quasi long range order in the vortex lattice leading to an increase in the
overlap between the vortex lattice and the magnetic dots array. Finally, at
larger velocities the ordered array-vortex lattice interaction is suppresed
again, in agreement with the behavior found in numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129665 </DOCNO>
Modelling Plerion Spectra and their Evolution


  We review recent theoretical developments on pulsar winds, their nebulae and
relativistic shock acceleration, and show how they illuminate unsolved problems
in plerion spectra, in particular the multiple spectral breaks in the Crab and
the low-frequency breaks of plerions such as G 21.5-0.9 and 3C 58. Recent work
on Fermi acceleration theory at relativistic shocks shows that a particle
spectral index of 2.2-2.3, compatible with the X-ray spectra of plerions,
results under a wide variety of assumptions. If pulsar winds contain ions as
well as electrons and positrons, the mechanism of Hoshino et al. (1992), which
yields harder spectra, would operate at lower energies and may explain the flat
radio spectral indices of plerions. This scenario implies wind parameters in
the Crab compatible with the pulsar wind acceleration model of Lyubarsky & Kirk
(2001). Recent hydrodynamical simulations of plerion evolution inside SNR blast
waves demonstrate that the passage of the reverse shock rapidly compresses the
plerion. Using a simple isobaric model, we investigate the influence of the
resulting magnetic field compression and decrease in shock radius on the
evolution of the plerion spectrum. We suggest that the passage of the reverse
shock may explain the low-frequency breaks in 3C 58 and G 21.5-0.9, as well as
the increase in 3C 58's radio flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98287 </DOCNO>
Some Ergodic Theorems for Random Rotations on Wiener Space


  In this paper we study ergodicity and mixing property of some measure
preserving transformations on the Wiener space (W,H,\mu) which are generated by
some random unitary operators defined on the Cameron-Martin space H.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7097 </DOCNO>
Spin-polarized tunneling in ferromagnetic double barrier junctions


  Spin-polarized tunneling in FMS/M/FMS double tunnel junctions where FMSs are
ferromagnetic semiconductor layers and M is a metal spacer is studied
theoretically within the single-site coherent potential approximation (CPA).
The exchange interaction between a conduction electron and localized moment of
the magnetic ion is treated in the framework of the s-f model. The spin
polarization in the FMS layers is observed to oscillates as a function of the
number of atomic planes in the spacer layer. Amplitude of these oscillations
decreases with increasing the exchange interaction in FMS layers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97349 </DOCNO>
Higher-rank graphs and their C*-algebras


  We consider the higher-rank graphs introduced by Kumjian and Pask as models
for higher-rank Cuntz-Krieger algebras. We describe a variant of the
Cuntz-Krieger relations which applies to graphs with sources, and describe a
local convexity condition which characterises the higher-rank graphs that admit
a nontrivial Cuntz-Krieger family. We then prove versions of the uniqueness
theorems and classifications of ideals for the C*-algebras generated by
Cuntz-Krieger families.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149209 </DOCNO>
T-duality and Noncommutative DBI Action


  In this article we study the noncommutative description of the DBI Lagrangian
and its T-dual counterpart. We restrict the freedoms of the noncommutativity
parameters of these Lagrangians. Therefore the noncommutativity parameter, the
effective metric, the effective coupling constant of the string and the extra
modulus ${\tilde \Phi}$ of the effective T-dual theory, can be expressed in
terms of the closed string variables $g$, $B$, $g_s$ and the noncommutativity
parameter of the effective theory of open string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7220 </DOCNO>
Equilibration times in numerical simulation of structural glasses:


  Generation of equilibrium configurations is the major obstacle for numerical
investigation of the slow dynamics in supercooled liquid states. The parallel
tempering (PT) technique, originally proposed for the numerical equilibration
of discrete spin-glass model configurations, has recently been applied in the
study of supercooled structural glasses. We present an investigation of the
ability of parallel tempering to properly sample the liquid configuration space
at different temperatures, by mapping the PT dynamics into the dynamics of the
closest local potential energy minima (inherent structures). Comparing the PT
equilibration process with the standard molecular dynamics equilibration
process we find that the PT does not increase the speed of equilibration of the
(slow) configurational degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86138 </DOCNO>
Barrett-Crane spin foam model from generalized BF-type action for


  We study a generalized action for gravity as a constrained BF theory, and its
relationship with the Plebanski action. We analyse the discretization of the
constraints and the spin foam quantization of the theory, showing that it leads
naturally to the Barrett-Crane spin foam model for quantum gravity. Our
analysis holds true in both the Euclidean and Lorentzian formulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124282 </DOCNO>
A 3D MHD model of astrophysical flows: algorithms, tests and


  In this paper we describe a numerical method designed for modelling different
kinds of astrophysical flows in three dimensions. Our method is a standard
explicit finite difference method employing the local shearing-box technique.
  To model the features of astrophysical systems, which are usually
compressible, magnetised and turbulent, it is desirable to have high spatial
resolution and large domain size to model as many features as possible, on
various scales, within a particular system. In addition, the time-scales
involved are usually wide-ranging also requiring significant amounts of CPU
time.
  These two limits (resolution and time-scales) enforce huge limits on
computational capabilities. The model we have developed therefore uses parallel
algorithms to increase the performance of standard serial methods. The aim of
this paper is to report the numerical methods we use and the techniques invoked
for parallelising the code. The justification of these methods is given by the
extensive tests presented herein.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73535 </DOCNO>
J/Psi Production at RHIC in a QGP


  In central collisions at RHIC, the initial production of heavy quarks will
for the first time yield multiple pairs of c-cbar in each central event. If a
region of deconfined quarks and gluons is subsequently formed, a new mechanism
for the formation of heavy quarkonium bound states will be activated. This will
result from the mobility of heavy quarks in the deconfined region, such that
bound states can be formed from a quark and an antiquark which were originally
produced in separate incoherent interactions. Our model estimates of this
effect predict a dramatic increase in the number of observed J/Psi at RHIC,
over that predicted from extrapolation of color-screening or gluon dissociation
mechanisms from the lower CERN-SPS energies. The centrality and energy
dependence of this effect should be readily observable by the Star and Phenix
detectors. Thus the J/Psi abundance at RHIC will continue to provide a
signature of QGP formation. However, it is in this environment a more useful
probe, since contrary to prior expectations this large predicted J/Psi
abundance should be relatively easy to measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6264 </DOCNO>
Evidence of Intermittent Cascades from Discrete Hierarchical Dissipation


  We present the results of a search of log-periodic corrections to scaling in
the moments of the energy dissipation rate in experiments at high Reynolds
number (2500) of three-dimensional fully developed turbulence. A simple
dynamical representation of the Richardson-Kolmogorov cartoon of a cascade
shows that standard averaging techniques erase by their very construction the
possible existence of log-periodic corrections to scaling associated with a
discrete hierarchy. To remedy this drawback, we introduce a novel ``canonical''
averaging that we test extensively on synthetic examples constructed to mimick
the interplay between a weak log-periodic component and rather strong
multiplicative and phase noises. Our extensive tests confirm the remarkable
observation of statistically significant log-periodic corrections to scaling,
with a prefered scaling ratio for length scales compatible with the value gamma
= 2. A strong confirmation of this result is provided by the identification of
up to 5 harmonics of the fundamental log-periodic undulations, associated with
up to 5 levels of the underlying hierarchical dynamical structure. A natural
interpretation of our results is that the Richardson-Kolmogorov mental picture
of a cascade becomes a realistic description if one allows for intermittent
births and deaths of discrete cascades at varying scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128892 </DOCNO>
Regulation of the X-ray luminosity of clusters of galaxies by cooling


  Clusters of galaxies are thought to contain about ten times as much dark
matter as baryonic matter. The dark component therefore dominates the
gravitational potential of the cluster, and the baryons confined by this
potential radiate X-rays with a luminosity that depends mainly on the gas
density in the cluster's core. Predictions of the X-rays' properties based on
models of cluster formation do not, however, agree with the observations. If
the models ignore the condensation of cooling gas into stars and feedback from
the associated supernovae, they overestimate the X-ray luminosity because the
density of the core gas is too high. An early episode of uniformly distributed
supernova feedback could rectify this by heating the uncondensed gas and
therefore making it harder to compress into the core, but such a process seems
to require an implausibly large number of supernovae. Here we show how
radiative cooling of intergalactic gas and subsequent supernova heating
conspire to eliminate highly compressible low-entropy gas from the intracluster
medium. This brings the core entropy and X-ray luminosities of clusters into
agreement with the observations, in a way that depends little on the efficiency
of supernova heating in the early Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87118 </DOCNO>
The spectrum of endstates of gravitational collapse with tangential


  The final state--black hole or naked singularity--of the gravitational
collapse of a marginally bound matter configuration in the presence of
tangential stresses is classified, in full generality, in terms of the initial
data and equation of state. If the tangential pressure is sufficiently strong,
configurations that would otherwise evolve to a spacelike singularity, result
in a locally naked singularity, both in the homogeneous and in the general,
inhomogeneous density case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41821 </DOCNO>
Production and Decay of the Lambda_c Charmed Baryon from Fermilab E791


  Results are presented for the 500 GeV/c pion production asymmetry and
polarization of the Lambda_c (anti-Lanbda_c) charmed baryon from Fermilab
experiment E791. An analysis of the decay to the p anti-K pi final state is
described. Resonant sub-channel fractions and phases are given and possible
resonant effects in the low mass p anti-K system discussed. Significant decay
to Lambda_c --> Delta++ K- establishes for the first time the importance of a W
exchange mechanism in charmed baryon decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129525 </DOCNO>
Globular cluster systems in elliptical galaxies of Coma


  Globular cluster systems of 17 elliptical galaxies have been studied in the
Coma cluster of galaxies. Surface-brightness fluctuations have been used to
determine total populations of globular clusters and specific frequency (S_N)
has been evaluated for each individual galaxy. Enormous differences in S_N
between similar galaxies are found. In particular, S_N results vary by an order
of magnitude from galaxy to galaxy. Extreme cases are the following: a) at the
lower end of the range, NGC 4673 has S_N = 1.0 +/- 0.4, a surprising value for
an elliptical galaxy, but typical for spiral and irregular galaxies; b) at the
upper extreme, MCG +5 -31 -063 has S_N = 13.0 +/- 4.2 and IC 4051 S_N = 12.7
+/- 3.2, and are more likely to belong to supergiant cD galaxies than to
"normal" elliptical galaxies. Furthermore, NGC 4874, the central supergiant cD
galaxy of the Coma cluster, also exhibits a relatively high specific frequency
(S_N = 9.0 +/- 2.2). The other galaxies studied have S_N in the range [2, 7],
the mean value being S_N = 5.1. No single scenario seems to account for the
observed specific frequencies, so the history of each galaxy must be deduced
individually by suitably combining the different models (in situ, mergers, and
accretions). The possibility that Coma is formed by several subgroups is also
considered. If only the galaxies of the main subgroup defined by Gurzadyan &
Mazure (2001) are used, a trend in S_N arises in the sense of S_N being bigger
in higher density regions. This result needs further confirmation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128364 </DOCNO>
Spiral Galaxies with HST/NICMOS. II. Isophotal Fits and Nuclear Cusp


  We present surface brightness profiles for 56 of the 78 spiral galaxies
observed in the HST/{\tt NICMOS/Camera-2} F160W snapshot survey introduced in
Carollo et al. (2001; paper I), as well as surface brightness profiles for 23
objects out of the 41 that were also observed in the F110W filter. We fit these
surface brightness profiles with the Nuker law of Lauer et al. (1995), and use
the smooth analytical descriptions of the data to compute the average nuclear
stellar cusp slopes $<\gamma>$ in the 0.1$''-0.5''$ radial range. Our main
result is the startling similarity between the nuclear stellar cusp slopes
$<\gamma>$ in the near-infared compared to those derived in the visual
passband. This similarity has several implications: (1.) There are typically
little or no optical-NIR {\it global} color gradients, and thus no global
stellar population variations, inside $\sim 50$-100 pc from the nucleus in
nearby spirals. (2.) The large observed range of the strength of the nuclear
stellar cusps seen in the HST optical study of spiral galaxies reflects a
physical difference between galaxies, and is not an artifact caused by nuclear
dust and/or recent star formation. (3.) The dichotomy between $R^{1/4}$ bulges,
with steep nuclear stellar cusps $<\gamma > \sim 1$, and exponential bulges,
with shallow nuclear stellar cusps $<\gamma > < 0.3$, is also not an artifact
of the effects of dust or recent star formation. (4) A surrounding massive disk
appears to have no effect on the rise of the stellar density distribution
within the innermost hundred pc of the

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97155 </DOCNO>
Metric characterizations of spherical, and Euclidean buildings


  A building is a simplicial complex with a covering by Coxeter complexes
(called apartments) satisfying certain combinatorial conditions. A building
whose apartments are spherical (respectively Euclidean) Coxeter complexes has a
natural piecewise spherical (respectively Euclidean) metric with nice geometric
properties. We show that spherical and Euclidean buildings are completely
characterized by some simple, geometric properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7389 </DOCNO>
Electron scattering on disordered double barrier GaAs-Al$_x$Ga$_{1-x}$As


  We present a novel model to calculate vertical transport properties such as
conductance and current in unintentionally disordered double barrier
GaAs-Al$_x$Ga$_{1-x}$As heterostructures. The source of disorder comes from
interface roughness at the heterojunctions (lateral disorder) as well as
spatial inhomogeneities of the Al mole fraction in the barriers (compositional
disorder). Both lateral and compositional disorder break translational symmetry
along the lateral direction and therefore electrons can be scattered off the
growth direction. The model correctly describe channel mixing due to these
elastic scattering events. In particular, for realistic degree of disorder, we
have found that the effects of compositional disorder on transport properties
are negligible as compared to the effects due to lateral disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148651 </DOCNO>
Dynamics on AdS2 and Enlargement of SL(2,R) to c=1 `cut-off Virasoro


  We consider the enhancement of SL(2,R) to Virasoro algebra in a system of N
particles on AdS2. We restrict our discussion to the case of non-interacting
particles, and argue that they must be treated as fermions. We find operators
L_n whose commutators on the ground state, |vac>, satisfy relations that are
reminisent of c=1 Virasoro algebra, provided N \geq n \geq -N. Same relations
hold also on the states L_{-k}|vac>, if (N-k) \geq n \geq -(N-k). The
conditions L_n^\dag = L_{-n}, and L_k|vac> = 0 for k \geq 1 are also satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96467 </DOCNO>
On the inverse scattering problem for Jacobi matrices with the spectrum


  Solving inverse scattering problem for a discrete Sturm-Liouville operator
with the fast decreasing potential one gets reflection coefficients $s_\pm$ and
invertible operators $I+H_{s_\pm}$, where $ H_{s_\pm}$ is the Hankel operator
related to the symbol $s_\pm$. The Marchenko-Fadeev theorem (in the continuous
case) and the Guseinov theorem (in the discrete case), guarantees the
uniqueness of solution of the inverse scattering problem. In this article we
asks the following natural question --- can one find a precise condition
guaranteeing that the inverse scattering problem is uniquely solvable and that
operators $I+H_{s_\pm}$ are invertible? Can one claim that uniqueness implies
invertibility or vise versa?
  Moreover we are interested here not only in the case of decreasing potential
but also in the case of asymptotically almost periodic potentials. So we merege
here two mostly developed cases of inverse problem for Sturm-Liouville
operators: the inverse problem with (almost) periodic potential and the inverse
problem with the fast decreasing potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128376 </DOCNO>
On the gravitational instability of a dissipative medium


  This paper shows that the ordinary Jeans wave number can be obtained as a
limiting case of a more general approach that includes dissipative effects.
Corrections to the Jeans critical mass associated to viscosity are established.
Some possible implications of the results are finally discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81348 </DOCNO>
Glueballs and topology with O(a)-improved lattice QCD


  We present evidence for unquenching effects in N_f=2, 16^3 32 ensembles by
comparing with `equivalent' quenched data at r_0~5.0. A (small) VEV for
torelons signals (weak) string breaking. A 15-20 % reduction in the scalar
glueball mass relative to quenched is argued to be (in part at least) a
discretisation effect. We find a chiral suppression of the topological
susceptibility consistent with expectations, and agreement between fermionic
and gluonic methods for measuring the topological charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128226 </DOCNO>
Automated optical identification of a large complete northern hemisphere


  This paper describes the automated optical APM identification of radio
sources from the Jodrell Bank - VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS), as used for the
search for distant radio-loud quasars. The sample has been used to investigate
possible relations between optical and radio properties of flat spectrum radio
sources. From the 915 sources in the sample, 756 have an optical APM
identification at a red (e) and/or blue (o) plate,resulting in an
identification fraction of 83% with a completeness and reliability of 98% and
99% respectively. About 20% are optically identified with extended APM objects
on the red plates, e.g. galaxies. However the distinction between galaxies and
quasars can not be done properly near the magnitude limit of the POSS-I plates.
The identification fraction appears to decrease from >90% for sources with a 5
GHz flux density of >1 Jy, to <80% for sources at 0.2 Jy. The identification
fraction, in particular that for unresolved quasars, is found to be lower for
sources with steeper radio spectra. In agreement with previous studies, we find
that the quasars at low radio flux density levels also tend to have fainter
optical magnitudes, although there is a large spread. In addition, objects with
a steep radio-to-optical spectral index are found to be mainly highly polarised
quasars, supporting the idea that in these objects the polarised synchrotron
component is more prominent. It is shown that the large spread in
radio-to-optical spectral index is possibly caused by source to source
variations in the Doppler boosting of the synchrotron component [Abridged].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124031 </DOCNO>
ESO Imaging Survey. Deep Public Survey: Infrared Data for the Chandra


  This paper presents new J and Ks near-infrared data obtained from
observations of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDF-S) conducted at the ESO 3.5m
New Technology Telescope (NTT). These data were taken as part of the ongoing
Deep Public Survey (DPS) being carried out by the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS)
program, extending the EIS-DEEP survey. Combined these surveys now provide a
contiguous coverage over an area of 400 square arcmin in the near-infrared,
nearly matching that covered by the deep X-ray observations of Chandra, four
times the area of the original EIS-DEEP survey. The paper briefly describes the
observations and the new techniques being employed for pipeline processing
jittered infrared observations, which include unbiased de-fringing and
sky-background subtraction, pixel-based astrometry and stacking and pixel
registration based on a multi-resolution decomposition of the images. The
astrometric solution is based on a pre-release of the GSC-II catalog and has an
accuracy of < 0.15 arcsec. The final images for 12 pointings presented here
reach median 5 sigma limiting magnitudes of J_AB~23.4 and K_AB~22.6 as measured
within an aperture 2xFWHM. The frame to frame variation of the photometric
zero-point is estimated to be <0.09 mag. The data are publicly available in the
form of fully calibrated J and Ks pixel maps and source lists extracted for
each pointing. These data can be requested through the URL
``http://www.eso.org/eis''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114186 </DOCNO>
A precursor of the sciences of complexity in the XIX century


  The sciences of complexity present some recurrent themes: the emergence of
qualitatively new behaviors in dissipative systems out of equilibrium, the
aparent tendency of complex system to lie at the border of phase transitions
and bifurcation points, a historical dynamics which present punctuated
equilibrium, a tentative of complementing Darwinian evolution with certain
ideas of progress (understood as increase of computational power) etc. Such
themes, indeed, belong to a long scientific and philosophical tradiction and,
curiously, appear already in the work of Frederick Engels at the 70's of the
XIX century. So, the apparent novelity of the sciences of complexity seems to
be not situated in its fundamental ideas, but in the use of mathematical and
computational models for illustrate, test and develop such ideas. Since
politicians as the candidate Al Gore recently declared that the sciences of
complexity have influenced strongly their worldview, perhaps it could be
interesting to know better the ideas and the ideology related to the notion of
complex adaptive systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169511 </DOCNO>
Optimal conversion of non--local unitary operations


  We study when a non--local unitary operation acting on two $d$--level systems
can probabilistically simulate another one when arbitrary local operations and
classical communication are allowed. We provide necessary and sufficient
conditions for the simulation to be possible. Probabilistic interconvertability
is used to define an equivalence relation between gates. We show that this
relation induces a finite number of classes, that we identify. In the case of
two qubits, two classes of non--local operations exist. We choose the CNOT and
SWAP as representatives of these classes. We show how the CNOT [SWAP] can be
deterministically converted into any operation of its class. We also calculate
the optimal probability of obtaining the CNOT [SWAP] from any operation of the
corresponding class and provide a protocol to achieve this task.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6701 </DOCNO>
UV-Manipulation of Order and Macroscopic Shape in Nematic Elastomers


  A range of monodomain nematic liquid crystal elastomers containing differing
proportions of photo-isomerisable mesogenic moieties, which turn from a
rod-like to a kinked shape upon ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, was studied.
Depending on the proportion and positional role of the photo-sensitive groups
in the crosslinked polymer network, different types and magnitudes of response
were found. The principle consequence of such photo-isomerisation is the
destabilisation of the nematic phase, whose order parameter depends on
temperature in a near-critical fashion. Accordingly, the effect of
UV-irradiation is dramatically enhanced near the critical temperature, with the
associated reduction in the nematic order parameter manifesting as a change in
the macroscopic shape of the elastomer samples, producing a large uniaxial
contraction. Theoretical analysis of this phenomenon gives a good quantitative
agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6808 </DOCNO>
Quantum corrections to conductivity: from weak to strong localization


  Results of detailed investigations of the conductivity and Hall effect in
gated single quantum well GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs heterostructures with
two-dimensional electron gas are presented. A successive analysis of the data
has shown that the conductivity is diffusive for $k_F l=25-2$ and behaves like
diffusive one for $k_F l=2-0.5$ down to the temperature T=0.4 K. It has been
therewith found that the quantum corrections are not small at low temperature
when $k_F l\simeq 1$. They are close in magnitude to the Drude conductivity so
that the conductivity $\sigma$ becomes significantly less than $e^{2}/h$ (the
minimal $\sigma$ value achieved in our experiment is about $3\times
10^{-8}\Omega^{-1}$ at $k_Fl\simeq 0.5$ and $T=0.46$ K). We conclude that the
temperature and magnetic field dependences of conductivity in whole $k_Fl$
range are due to changes of quantum corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86950 </DOCNO>
The Energy of the Gamma Metric in the M{\o}ller Prescription


  We obtain the energy distribution of the gamma metric using the
energy-momentum complex of M{\o}ller. The result is the same as obtained by
Virbhadra in the Weinberg prescription.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72564 </DOCNO>
The Rydberg-Atom-Cavity Axion Search


  We report on the present progress in development of the dark matter axion
search experiment with Rydberg-atom-cavity detectors in Kyoto, CARRACK I and
CARRACK II. The axion search has been performed with CARRACK I in the 8 % mass
range around $ 10 \mu {\rm eV} $, and CARRACK II is now ready for the search in
the wide range $ 2 \mu {\rm eV} - 50 \mu {\rm eV} $. We have also developed
quantum theoretical calculations on the axion-photon-atom system in the
resonant cavity in order to estimate precisely the detection sensitivity for
the axion signal. Some essential features on the axion-photon-atom interaction
are clarified, which provide the optimum experimental setup for the axion
search.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74193 </DOCNO>
A minimal model with large extra dimensions to fit the neutrino data


  The existence of large extra dimensions enables to explain very simply the
various neutrino suppression data. The flavour neutrinos, confined on the
brane, are coupled to a "bulk" neutrino state, which is seen as an infinite
tower of Kaluza-Klein states from the 4-dimensional point of view. The
oscillation of flavour neutrinos into these states can lead to a global and
sizable energy-independent suppression at large distances, which can be related
to the solar neutrino puzzle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128156 </DOCNO>
First results from multi-wavelength observations during the 2001


  WZ Sge has shown superoutbursts in 1913, 1946 and 1978. On 2001 July 23 a new
outburst was announced, about 10 years `too early'. Target of opportunity
satellite observations with Chandra, FUSE, HST and RXTE were performed
throughout the outburst. From the ground WZ Sge was monitored by numerous
professional and amateur astronomers, in the optical, IR and radio. We give an
account of the first exciting results from these multi-wavelength observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76377 </DOCNO>
Closed-form two-loop Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian in a self-dual


  We show that the two-loop Euler-Heisenberg effective Lagrangian for scalar
QED in a constant Euclidean self-dual background has a simple explicit closed
form expression in terms of the digamma function. This result leads to a simple
analysis of the weak- and strong-field expansions, the two-loop scalar QED beta
function, and the analytic continuation properties of the effective Lagrangian
and its imaginary part.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97934 </DOCNO>
No zero energy states for the supersymmetric x^2y^2 potential


  We show that the positive supersymmetric matrix-valued differential operator
H={p_x}^2 + {p_y}^2 + x^2y^2 + x\sigma_3 + y\sigma_1 has no zero modes, i.e., H
\psi = 0 implies \psi =0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97979 </DOCNO>
A complement to Hayashi Connecting Lemma


  Here we show that for a C^2 surface diffeomorphism that satisfy the
hypothesis of Hayashi connecting lemma either can be approximated, in the C^1
topology, by a diffeomorphism exhibiting a homoclinic tangency or the
diffeomorphism already presented transversal homoclinic orbits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86695 </DOCNO>
Planetary g(t) for which resistive atmospheric falling is rising


  A Darboux-transformed surface gravitational acceleration of the constant
gravitational acceleration for a body endowed with an atmospheric layer is
shown to turn the atmospheric free fall with quadratic resistance in the
opposite motion, i.e., a free rising. Although the atmosphere of such a body
may look completely normal, it is the time dependence of its gravitational
field that produces this type of motion. The result is a consequence of
general, one-parameter-dependent Darboux transformations in mathematical
physics

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2979 </DOCNO>
The Charge of Glass and Silica Surfaces


  We present a method of calculating the electric charge density of glass and
silica surfaces in contact with aqueous electrolytes for two cases of practical
relevance that are not amenable to standard techniques: surfaces of low
specific area at low ionic strength and surfaces interacting strongly with a
second anionic surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7011 </DOCNO>
Bias dependent subband edges and the 0.7 conductance anomaly


  The 0.7 2e^2/h conductance anomaly is studied in strongly confined, etched
GaAs/GaAlAs quantum point contacts by measuring the differential conductance G
as a function of source-drain bias V_sd and gate-source bias V_gs as well as a
function of temperature. In the V_gs - V_sd plane we use a grayscale plot of
the transconductance dG/dV_gs to map out the bias dependent transitions between
the normal and anomalous conductance plateaus. Any given transition is
interpreted as arising when the bias controlled chemical potential mu_d (mu_s)
of the drain (source) reservoir crosses a subband edge e_a in the point
contact. From the grayscale plot we extract the constant normal subband edges
e_0, e_1, ... and most notably the bias dependent anomalous subband edge
e'_0(mu_d) split off from e_0. We show by applying a finite-bias version of the
recently proposed BCF model, how the bias dependence of the anomalous subband
edge is the key to analyze various experimental observations related to the 0.7
anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126282 </DOCNO>
Massive core parameters from spatially unresolved multi-line


  We present observations of 15 massive cores in three different CS transitions
from the FCRAO 14m and the KOSMA 3m telescope. We derive physical parameters of
these cores using different approaches to the line radiative transfer problem.
The local radiative transfer approximations fail to provide reliable values
except for the column densities. A self-consistent explanation of the observed
line profiles is only possible when taking density gradients and an internal
turbulent structure of the cores into account. The observational data can be
fitted by a spherically symmetric radiative transfer model including such
gradients and a turbulent clumping. We find that the observed massive cores are
approximately virialised with a clumpy density profile that decays with a
radial exponent of about -1.6 down to a relatively sharp outer boundary.
  We show that a careful analysis of spatially unresolved multi-line
observations using a physical radiative transfer model can provide values for
physical parameters that could be obtained otherwise only by direct
observations with much higher spatial resolution. This applies to all
quantities directly affecting the line excitation, like the mass and size of
dense cores. Information on the exact location or number of clumps, of course,
always has to rely on high-resolution observations e.g. from interferometers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168585 </DOCNO>
Jaynes-Cummings Model Dynamics in Two Trapped Ions


  We showed that in Lamb-Dicke regime and under rotating wave approximation,
the dynamical behavior of two trapped ions interacting with a laser beam
resonant to the first red side-band of center-of-mass mode can be described by
Jaynes-Cummings Model. An exact analytic solution for this kind of
Jaynes-Cummings model is presented. The results showed that quantum collapses
and revivals for the occupation of two atoms, and squeezing for vibratic motion
of center-of-mass mode existed in both two different types of initial
conditions. The maximum momentum squeezing for center-of-mass mode in these two
types of conditions are found to be 42.4% and 43.8% respectively. The
coherence, in the first type of initial conditions can keeps long times, and in
the second type of initial conditions, a concrete form of coherent state is
obtained, when the initial average number is very small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41839 </DOCNO>
Detectors as a Function of Luminosity at e+ e- Machines


  The performance of present multipurpose detectors at high luminosities is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 830 </DOCNO>
Rigidity of the elastic domain structure near the boundary of its


  We consider an interesting and practically important case of elastic domain
structure, which is the analogue of c/a domain pattern with 90$^\circ$ walls in
perovskites, and is solvable analytically for arbitrary misfit strain. There is
no critical thickness, below which the domain structure cannot exist, when the
"extrinsic" misfit is zero and the domains are of equal width. At the boundary
of polydomain-monodomain transition the period of the pattern diverges, as does
the dynamic stiffness of the domain structure. It is unlikely, therefore, that
one can achieve a softness of the dielectric response of the c/a elastic
domains in ferroelectric-ferroelastic thin films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124999 </DOCNO>
Empirical diagnostics of the starburst-AGN connection


  We examine a representative sample of 35 Seyfert 2 nuclei. Previous work has
shown that nearly 1/2 of these nuclei show the direct (but difficult-to-detect)
spectroscopic signatures at optical-UV wavelengths of the hot massive stars
that power circum-nuclear starbursts. In this paper we examine a variety of
more-easily-measured quantities for this sample, such as the equivalent widths
of strong absorption features, continuum colors, emission line equivalent
widths, ratios and profiles, far-IR luminosities and near-UV surface
brightness. We compare the composite starburst+Seyfert 2 nuclei to ``pure''
Seyfert 2's, Starburst galaxies and normal galactic nuclei. Our goals are to
verify whether these properties in composite nuclei are consistent with the
expected impact of a starburst, and to investigate alternative less-demanding
methods to infer the presence of starbursts in Seyfert 2's, applicable to
larger or more distant samples. We show that starbursts do indeed leave clear
and easily quantifiable imprints on the near-UV to optical continuum range.
Composite starburst+Seyfert 2 systems can be recognized by: (1) a strong
``Featureless Continuum'' which dilutes the CaII K line from the host's bulge
to W_K < 10 A; (2) emission lines whose equivalent widths are intermediate
between Starburst galaxies and ``pure'' Seyfert 2's; (3) relatively low
excitation line-ratios, which indicate that part of the gas ionization in these
Seyfert 2's (typically \sim 50% of Hbeta) is due to photoionization by OB
stars; (4) large far IR luminosities (> 10^10 Lsun); (5) High near-UV surface
brightness (~10^3 Lsun/pc^2). These characteristics are all consistent with the
expected impact of circum-nuclear starbursts on the observed properties of
Seyfert 2's. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6895 </DOCNO>
Two mechanisms of pseudogap formation in Bi-2201: Evidence from the


  Measurements of the c-axis resistivity and magnetoresistance have been used
to investigate the pseudogap (PG) behavior in Bi_{2+z}Sr_{2-x-z}La_xCuO_y
(Bi-2201) crystals at various hole densities. While the PG opening temperature
T* increases with decreasing hole doping, the magnetic-field sensitivity of the
PG is found to have a very different trend: it appears at lower temperatures in
more underdoped samples and vanishes in non-superconducting samples. These data
suggest that besides the field-insensitive pseudogap emerging at T*, a distinct
one is formed above T_c as a precursor to superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126936 </DOCNO>
The Effectiveness of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope


  We have investigated the productivity and impact of the Canada-France-Hawaii
Telescope (CFHT) during its twenty-year history. CFHT has maintained a database
of refereed publications based on data obtained with CFHT since first light in
1979. For each paper, we analysed the cumulative number of citations and the
citation counts for each year, from data supplied by the NASA Astrophysics Data
System (ADS). We have compared citation counts retrieved from the ADS with
those from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) for a small sample of
papers. We have developed a procedure that allows us to compare citation counts
between older and newer papers in order to judge their relative impact. We
looked at the number of papers and citations not only by year, but also by the
instrument used to obtain the data. We also provide a preliminary look as to
whether programs given a higher ranking by the Time Allocation Committee (TAC)
produced papers with a higher number of citations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2466 </DOCNO>
Reply to ``Comment on `Hole-burning experiments within glassy models


  This is a reply to the comments by Richter and Chamberlin, and Diezemann and
Bohmer to our paper (Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3448 (2000)). As further evidence for
the claims in this Letter, we here reproduce the nonlinear spectral
hole-burning experimental protocol in an equilibrated fully connected
spin-glass model and we exhibit frequency selectivity, together with a shift in
the base of the spectral hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 407 </DOCNO>
Theory of the anomalous Hall effect from the Kubo formula and the Dirac


  A model to treat the anomalous Hall effect is developed. Based on the Kubo
formalism and on the Dirac equation, this model allows the simultaneous
calculation of the skew-scattering and side-jump contributions to the anomalous
Hall conductivity. The continuity and the consistency with the
weak-relativistic limit described by the Pauli Hamiltonian is shown. For both
approaches, Dirac and Pauli, the Feynman diagrams, which lead to the
skew-scattering and the side-jump contributions, are underlined. In order to
illustrate this method, we apply it to a particular case: a ferromagnetic bulk
compound in the limit of weak-scattering and free-electrons approximation.
Explicit expressions for the anomalous Hall conductivity for both
skew-scattering and side-jump mechanisms are obtained. Within this model, the
recently predicted ''spin Hall effect'' appears naturally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124082 </DOCNO>
The peculiar B-type supergiant HD327083


  Coude spectroscopic data of a poorly-studied peculiar supergiant, HD327083,
are presented. Halpha and Hbeta line profiles have been fitted employing a
non-LTE code adequate for spherically expanding atmospheres. Line fits lead to
estimates of physical parameters. These parameters suggest that HD327083 may be
close to the Luminous Blue Variable phase but it is also possible that it could
be a B[e] Supergiant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74810 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous CP Violation: Alternative to the Standard Model


  We propose a model of soft CP violation that evades the strong CP problem and
can describe observed CP violation in the neutral kaon sector, both direct and
indirect. Our model requires two ``duark'' mesons carrying quark number two
that have complex (CP-violating) bare masses and are coupled to quark pairs.
Aside from the existence of these potentially observable new particles with
masses of several hundred GeV, we predict a flat unitarity triangle ({\it
i.e.,} no observable direct CP violation in the $B$-meson sector) and a
possibly anomalous branching ratio for the decay mode $K^+\to \pi^++\bar{\nu}
\nu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123531 </DOCNO>
Lensing by Lyman Limit Systems: Determining the Mass to Gas Ratio


  We present a new method to determine the total mass-to-neutral gas ratio in
Lyman-limits systems. The method exploits the relation between the neutral
hydrogen column density and the magnification of background sources due to the
weak gravitational lensing that these systems induce. Because weak lensing does
not provide a direct measure of mass, one must use this relation in a
statistical sense to solve for the average mass-to-gas ratio and its
distribution. We use a detailed mock catalog of quasars (sources) and
Lyman-limit systems (lenses) to demonstrate the applicability of this approach
through our ability to recover the parameter. This mock catalog also allows us
to check for systematics in the method and to sketch its limitations. For a
universal constant mass-to-gas ratio and a sample of N quasars, we obtain an
unbiased estimate of its value with 95% confidence limits (independent of its
actual value) of +/- 140 {10^5/N)^0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98677 </DOCNO>
Investigation of the eigenfrequencies of two interacting gas bubbles


  The recent theory regarding the eigenfrequencies of two mutually interacting
gas bubbles in an acoustic field is verified numerically. The theory given by
Ida [e-Print physics/0111133; (submitted)] predicts the existence of three
eigenfrequencies per bubble, which make the phase difference between a bubble's
pulsation and an external sound be $\pi / 2$, while readymade theories predict
only two natural frequencies. The direct-numerical-simulation technique, in
which the compressible Navier-Stokes equation is selected as the governing
equation, is employed for numerical experiments. We investigate the
eigenfrequencies by observing the direction of the secondary Bjerknes force
acting between pulsating bubbles, which changes as the driving frequency
varies. The numerical results show that the theoretical prediction is valid at
least in a qualitative sense.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6523 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity and Charge Density Wave in a Quasi-One-Dimensional


  We consider a model of spin-gapped chains weakly coupled by Josephson and
Coulomb interactions. Combining such non-perturbative methods as bosonization
and Bethe ansatz to treat the intra-chain interactions with the Random Phase
Approximation for the inter-chain couplings and the first corrections to this,
we investigate the phase diagram of this model. The phase diagram shows both
charge density wave ordering and superconductivity. These phases are seperated
by a line of critical points which exhibits an approximate an SU(2) symmetry.
We consider the effects of a magnetic field on the system. We apply the theory
to the material Sr_2 Ca_12 Cu_24 O_41 and suggest further experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76989 </DOCNO>
\Lambda_b Lifetime from the HQET Sum Rule


  The HQET sum rule analysis for the \Lambda_b matrix element of the four-quark
operator relevant to its lifetime is reported. Our main conclusion is that the
lifetime ratio \tau(\Lambda_b)/\tau(B^0) can be as low as 0.91.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113930 </DOCNO>
Pointlessness and dangerousness of the postulates of quantum mechanics


  The formalism of quantum mechanics produces spectacular results, but its
rules, its parameters are empirical, either deduced from classical physics, or
from experimental results rather than from the postulates. Thus, quantum
mechanics is purely phenomenological; for instance, the computation of the
eigenvalues of the energy is generally a simple interpolation in the discrete
space of the quantum numbers. The attempts to show that quantum electrodynamics
is more precise than classical electrodynamics are based on wrong computations.
The lack of paradoxes in the classical theory, the appearance of classical,
true interpretations of the wave-particle duality justify the criticism of
Ehrenfest and Einstein.
  The obscurity of the quantum concepts leads to wrong conclusions that
handicap the development of physics. Just as building a laser was considered
absurd before the first maser worked, the concept of photon leads to deny a
type of coherent Raman scattering necessary to understand some redshifts of
spectra in astrophysics, and able to destroy the two fundamental proofs to the
expansion of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123593 </DOCNO>
The Duality of Spiral Structure, and a Quantitative Dust Penetrated


  In the near-infrared, the morphology of older star-dominated disks indicates
a simple classification scheme (1) H$m$ where $m$ is the dominant harmonic, (2)
a pitch angle (derived from the Fourier spectra) associated with the rate of
shear A/$\omega$ in the stellar disk and (3) a `bar strength' parameter,
robustly derived from the gravitational potential or torque of the bar. A
spiral galaxy may present two radically different morphologies in the optical
and near-infrared regime; there is no correlation between our quantitative dust
penetrated tuning fork and that of Hubble. Applications of our $z\sim$0 Fourier
template to the HDF are discussed using $L$ and $M$ band simulations from an
8-m NGST; the rest-wavelength IR morphology of high-$z$ galaxies should
probably be a key factor in deciding the final choice of instruments for the
NGST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98896 </DOCNO>
On a new scale of regularity spaces with applications to Euler's


  We introduce a new ladder of function spaces which is shown to fill in the
gap between the weak $L^{p\infty}$ spaces and the larger Morrey spaces, $M^p$.
Our motivation for introducing these new spaces, denoted $\V^{pq}$, is to gain
a more accurate information on (compact) embeddings of Morrey spaces in
appropriate Sobolev spaces. It is here that the secondary parameter q (-- and a
further logarithmic refinement parameter $\alpha$, denoted $\V^{pq}(\log
\V)^{\alpha}$) gives a finer scaling, which allows us to make the subtle
distinctions necessary for embedding in spaces with a fixed order of
smoothness.
  We utilize an $H^{-1}$-stability criterion which we have recently introduced
in {Lopes Filho M C, Nussenzveig Lopes H J and Tadmor E 2001 Approximate
solution of the incompressible Euler equations with no concentrations Ann.
Institut H Poincare C 17 371-412}, in order to study the strong convergence of
approximate Euler solutions. We show how the new refined scale of spaces,
$\V^{pq}(\log \V)^{\alpha}$, enables us approach the borderline cases which
separate between $H^{-1}$-compactness and the phenomena of
concentration-cancelation. Expressed in terms of their $\V^{pq}(\log
\V)^{\alpha}$ bounds, these borderline cases are shown to be intimately related
to uniform bounds of the total (Coulomb) energy and the related vorticity
configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168531 </DOCNO>
Optimal Summation and Integration by Deterministic, Randomized, and


  We survey old and new results about optimal algorithms for summation of
finite sequences and for integration of functions from Hoelder or Sobolev
spaces. First we discuss optimal deterministic and randomized algorithms. Then
we add a new aspect, which has not been covered before on conferences about
(quasi-) Monte Carlo methods: quantum computation. We give a short introduction
into this setting and present recent results of the authors on optimal quantum
algorithms for summation and integration. We discuss comparisons between the
three settings. The most interesting case for Monte Carlo and quantum
integration is that of moderate smoothness k and large dimension d which, in
fact, occurs in a number of important applied problems. In that case the
deterministic exponent is negligible, so the n^{-1/2} Monte Carlo and the
n^{-1} quantum speedup essentially constitute the entire convergence rate. We
observe that -- there is an exponential speed-up of quantum algorithms over
deterministic (classical) algorithms, if k/d tends to zero; -- there is a
(roughly) quadratic speed-up of quantum algorithms over randomized classical
algorithms, if k/d is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96213 </DOCNO>
C*-algebras associated with branched coverings


  In this note we analyze the C*-algebra associated with a branched covering
both as a groupoid C*-algebra and as a Cuntz-Pimsner algebra. We determine
conditions when the algebra is simple and purely infinite. We indicate how to
compute the K-theory of several examples, including one related to rational
maps on the Riemann sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 666 </DOCNO>
On the Doping and Temperature Dependence of the Mass Enhancement


  High-resolution photoemission is used to study the electronic structure of
the cuprate superconductor, Bi2212, as a function of hole doping and
temperature. A kink observed in the band dispersion in the nodal direction in
the superconducting state is associated with coupling to a resonant mode
observed in neutron scattering. From the measured real part of the self energy
it is possible to extract a coupling constant which is largest in the
underdoped regime, then decreasing continuously into the overdoped regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128787 </DOCNO>
Magnetospheric Structure and Non-Thermal Emission of AXPs and SGRs


  In the framework of the magnetar model for the Soft Gamma Repeaters and
Anomalous X-ray Pulsars, we consider the structure of neutron star
magnetospheres threaded by large-scale electrical currents. We construct
self-similar, force-free equilibria under the assumption of axisymmetry and a
power law dependence of magnetic field on radius, ${\bf B} \propto r^{-(2+p)}$.
A large-scale twist of the field lines softens the radial dependence to $p <
1$, thereby accelerating the spindown torque with respect to a vacuum dipole. A
magnetosphere with a strong twist ($B_\phi/B_\theta = O(1)$ at the equator) has
an optical depth $\sim 1$ to resonant cyclotron scattering, independent of
frequency (radius), surface magnetic field strength, or the charge/mass ratio
of the scattering charge. We investigate the effects of the resonant Compton
scattering by the charge carriers (both electrons and ions) on the emergent
X-ray spectra and pulse profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75167 </DOCNO>
Unitary and Analytic Models in Particle Physics Phenomenology


  After two decades of a development of the unitary and analytic models of the
electromagnetic structure of hadrons and nuclei their main principles are
briefly formulated, then a general scheme of their applications to the
electromagnetic, weak and strong interaction processes are traced out and
finally, some results of their successful applications are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96174 </DOCNO>
Generalized Kneser coloring theorems with combinatorial proofs


  The Kneser conjecture (1955) was proved by Lov\'asz (1978) using the
Borsuk-Ulam theorem; all subsequent proofs, extensions and generalizations also
relied on Algebraic Topology results, namely the Borsuk-Ulam theorem and its
extensions. Only in 2000, Matou\v{s}ek provided the first combinatorial proof
of the Kneser conjecture. 
  Here we provide a hypergraph coloring theorem, with a combinatorial proof,
which has as special cases the Kneser conjecture as well as its extensions and
generalization by (hyper)graph coloring theorems of Dol'nikov,
Alon-Frankl-Lov\'asz, Sarkaria, and Kriz. We also give a combinatorial proof of
Schrijver's theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127711 </DOCNO>
Final Calibration of the Berkeley Extreme and Far-Ultraviolet


  The Berkeley Extreme and Far-Ultraviolet Spectrometer (BEFS) flew as part of
the ORFEUS telescope on the ORFEUS-SPAS I and II space-shuttle missions in 1993
and 1996, respectively. The data obtained by this instrument have now entered
the public domain. To facilitate their use by the astronomical community, we
have re-extracted and re-calibrated both data sets, converted them into a
standard (FITS) format, and placed them in the Multimission Archive at Space
Telescope (MAST). Our final calibration yields improved wavelength scales and
effective-area curves for both data sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126788 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy with Single Dish Radio Telescopes


  This chapter is in three parts. The first presents the fundamental equations
of level populations and radiative transfer which govern spectral line emission
and absorption. Lines in the cm-wave band have similarities which allow us to
simplify the equations. The further simplification of a two level system (a
good approximation for H I gives the familiar formulae for the 21-cm line.
  The second part of the lesson deals with mapping, and the combination of
single dish and interferometer data. We consider the effect of gridding single
dish data using a convolving function. Mapping speeds and techniques are
discussed.
  The third part discusses the spectral line cube and its moments. The use of
the first moments to determine the dynamical structure of a disk is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125692 </DOCNO>
Radial-Velocity Monitoring of Members and Candidate Members of the TW


  We present our spectroscopic measurements of the radial velocity, effective
temperature, and projected rotational velocity of several of the known members
of the TW Hya association, as well as measurements for candidate members
selected on the basis of their X-ray or kinematic properties. A number of our
targets turn out to be binaries, but most are non-members. The radial
velocities for some of the other candidates support the conclusion that they
are kinematically associated with the group, although further observations are
required to show that they are indeed pre-main sequence objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128768 </DOCNO>
The Chemical Composition of Carbon-Rich, Very Metal-Poor Stars: A New


  We report on an analysis of the chemical composition of five carbon-rich,
very metal-poor stars based on high-resolution spectra. One star, CS22948-027,
exhibits very large overabundances of carbon, nitrogen, and the neutron-capture
elements, as found in the previous study of Hill et al.. This result may be
interpreted as a consequence of mass transfer from a binary companion that
previously evolved through the asymptotic giant branch stage. By way of
contrast, the other four stars we investigate exhibit no overabundances of
barium ([Ba/Fe]<0), while three of them have mildly enhanced carbon and/or
nitrogen ([C+N]+1). We have been unable to determine accurate carbon and
nitrogen abundances for the remaining star (CS30312-100). These stars are
rather similar to the carbon-rich, neutron-capture-element-poor star
CS22957-027 discussed previously by Norris et al., though the carbon
overabundance in this object is significantly larger ([C/Fe]=+2.2). Our results
imply that these carbon-rich objects with ``normal'' neutron-capture element
abundances are not rare among very metal-deficient stars. One possible process
to explain this phenomenon is as a result of helium shell flashes near the base
of the AGB in very low-metallicity, low-mass (M~< 1M_sun) stars, as recently
proposed by Fujimoto et al..
  The moderate carbon enhancements reported herein ([C/Fe]+1) are similar to
those reported in the famous r-process-enhanced star CS22892-052. We discuss
the possibility that the same process might be responsible for this similarity,
as well as the implication that a completely independent phenomenon was
responsible for the large r-process enhancement in CS22892-052.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6427 </DOCNO>
Zero Temperature Properties of RNA Secondary Structures


  We analyze different microscopic RNA models at zero temperature. We discuss
both the most simple model, that suffers a large degeneracy of the ground
state, and models in which the degeneracy has been remove, in a more or less
severe manner. We calculate low-energy density of states using a coupling
perturbing method, where the ground state of a modified Hamiltonian, that
repels the original ground state, is determined. We evaluate scaling exponents
starting from measurements of overlaps and energy differences. In the case of
models without accidental degeneracy of the ground state we are able to clearly
establish the existence of a glassy phase with $\theta \simeq 1/3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126330 </DOCNO>
A Composite Seyfert 2 X-ray Spectrum: Implications for the Origin of the


  We present a composite 1-10 keV Seyfert 2 X-ray spectrum, derived from ASCA
observations of a distance-limited sample of nearby galaxies. All 29 observed
objects were detected. Above ~3 keV, the composite spectrum is inverted,
confirming that Seyfert 2 galaxies as a class have the spectral properties
necessary to explain the flat shape of the cosmic X-ray background spectrum.
Integrating the composite spectrum over redshift, we find that the total
emission from Seyfert 2 galaxies, combined with the expected contribution from
unabsorbed type 1 objects, provides an excellent match to the spectrum and
intensity of the hard X-ray background. The principal uncertainty in this
procedure is the cosmic evolution of the Seyfert 2 X-ray luminosity function.
Separate composite spectra for objects in our sample with and without polarized
broad optical emission lines are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149910 </DOCNO>
Spacetime Dependent Lagrangians and Weak-Strong Duality : Sine Gordon


  The formalism of spacetime dependent lagrangians developed in Ref.1 is
applied to the Sine Gordon and massive Thirring models.It is shown that the
well-known equivalence of these models (in the context of weak-strong duality)
can be understood in this approach from the same considerations as described in
[1] for electromagnetic duality. A further new result is that all these can be
naturally linked to the fact that the holographic principle has analogues at
length scales much larger than quantum gravity. There is also the possibility
of {\it noncommuting coodinates} residing on the boundaries. PACS: 11.15.-q:
11.10/Ef

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127771 </DOCNO>
Coincidences of high density peaks in UVES spectra of QSO pairs


  We present preliminary results of an investigation of the clustering
properties of high matter density peaks between redshift ~2 and ~3, as traced
by Lyman limit and Damped Ly-alpha systems in spectra of close QSO pairs and
groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74701 </DOCNO>
Gluon propagators and quark confinement


  The gluon propagator is investigated in Landau and in maximal center gauge
for the gauge group SU(2) by means of lattice gauge simulations. We find that
Gribov ambiguities arising from the implementation of Landau gauge have a small
influence on the propagator. In agreement with previous findings, we obtain
that the small momentum behavior is dominated by a mass, which is of order
$(1.48 \pm 0.05) \sqrt{\sigma}$, where $\sigma $ is the string tension. By
removing the confining vortices from the full Yang-Mills ensemble, we convert
full YM-theory into a theory which does not confine quarks. We find that in the
latter case the strength of the gluon propagator in the intermediate momentum
range is strongly reduced. The spectral functions which reproduce the numerical
data for the propagators are analyzed using a generalized Maximum Entropy
Method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3720 </DOCNO>
Short-range spin correlations and pseudogap in underdoped cuprates


  In this paper we show that local spin-singlet amplitude with d-wave symmetry
can be induced by short-range spin correlations even in the absence of pairing
interactions. In the present scenario for the pseudogap, the normal state
pseudogap is caused by the induced local spin-singlet amplitude due to
short-range spin correlations, which compete in the low energy sector with
superconducting correlations to make $T_{c}$ go to zero near half-filling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128124 </DOCNO>
Constraints in the coupling Star-Life


  If life is sustained by a process of photosynthesis, not necessarily the same
existing on Earth, the surface temperature of the star and the orbit of the
host planet cannot be whatsoever. In fact the global life cycle, no matter how
complicated, must contain in general an upper photochemical branch and a lower
dark branch, characterized by a higher and a lower temperature. These two
temperatures are star-orbit related. The velocity along the cycle or, in other
words, the power of the life machine, depends in general on several other
parameters. First of all the Gibbs photon availability, which is a star-orbit
parameter and is the input for the upper branch. Then follows the energy
cascade that develops along the organic web with a large number of interactions
and typical times that must match the typical times generated by the
combination of spin value and orientation, eccentricity and precession.
Finally, the capacity of the web to keep the global life cycle running along
the life span of the star, comes from some inner form of self-endurance and
self-balance. The property of not being transient could be the right way of
introducing the concept of intelligent life.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96515 </DOCNO>
Simple birational extensions of the polynomial ring $\C^{[3]}$


  The Abhyankar-Sathaye Problem asks whether any biregular embedding of affine
spaces $A^m_k\to A^n_k$ can be rectified, that is, is equivalent to a linear
embedding up to an automorphism of the target space. Here we study this problem
for the embeddings $C^3 \to C^4$ whose image $X$ is given in $C^4$ by an
equation $p=f(x,y)u+g(x,y,z)=0$, where $f\in C[x,y],$ $f\neq 0$ and $g\in
C[x,y,z]$. Under certain additional assumptions we show that, indeed, the
polynomial $p$ is a variable of the polynomial ring $C[x,y,z,u]$ (i.e., a
coordinate of a polynomial automorphism of $C^4$). This is an analog of a
theorem due to Sathaye which concerns the case of embeddings $C^2\to C^3$.
Besides, we generalize a theorem of Miyanishi giving, for a polynomial $p$ as
above, a criterion for as when $X$ is isomorphic to $C^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74918 </DOCNO>
Thick branes and Gauss-Bonnet self-interactions


  Thick branes obtained from a bulk action containing Gauss-Bonnet
self-interactions are analyzed in light of the localization properties of the
various modes of the geometry. The entangled system describing the localization
of the tensor, vector and scalar fluctuation is decoupled in terms of variables
invariant for infinitesimal coordinate transformations. The dynamics of the
various zero modes is discussed and solved in general terms. Provided the
four-dimensional Planck mass is finite and provided the geometry is everywhere
regular, it is shown that the vector and scalar zero modes are not localized.
The tensor zero mode is localized leading to four-dimensional gravity. The
general formalism is illustrated through specific analytical examples

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128415 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the equation of state of ultra-dense matter from


  I discuss constraints on the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear
densities that can be derived from observations of neutron stars. I focus on
recent work on Vela X-1, which may well be substantially more massive than the
canonical 1.4 solar masses, and on the prospects offered by the `isolated' or
`thermally-emitting' neutron stars. I present a re-analysis of the LETG
observations of the brightest of the isolated neutron stars, RX J1856.5-3754,
and find that the spectrum shows, unlike all other neutron stars observed so
far, a significant absorption feature, near 39 Angstrom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149514 </DOCNO>
Boundary G/G theory and topological Poisson-Lie sigma model


  We study a boundary version of the gauged WZW model with a Poisson-Lie group
G as the target. The Poisson-Lie structure of G is used to define the
Wess-Zumino term of the action on surfaces with boundary. We clarify the
relation of the model to the topological Poisson sigma model with the dual
Poisson-Lie group G^* as the target and show that the phase space of the theory
on a strip is essentially the Heisenberg double of G introduced by
Semenov-Tian-Shansky

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97251 </DOCNO>
Orbital Beam Dynamics in Multipole Fields via Multiscale Expansions


  We present the applications of methods from nonlinear local harmonic analysis
in variational framework to calculations of nonlinear motions in
polynomial/rational approximations (up to any order) of arbitrary n-pole
fields. Our approach is based on the methods provided possibility to work with
dynamical beam/particle localization in phase space, which gives representions
via exact nonlinear high-localized eigenmodes expansions and allows to control
contribution to motion from each scale of underlying multiscale structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126673 </DOCNO>
4mu spectra of AGB stars I: Observations


  We present times series of high resolution spectra of AGB variables at 4mu.
Line profiles from the major contributors to the spectra of oxygen rich stars
at 4mu, OH, H$_2$O, HCl and SiO, are examined. The velocity as well as shape
variations of these profiles with time are discussed. The line profiles
investigated frequently have emission and multiple absorption components. The
changes with time of the 4mu region lines do not always follow the cyclic
variability seen in NIR spectra and in the photometric light curve. We
interpret and discuss the results qualitatively considering comparing the
spectral variability with that of the well behaved 1.6mu region and of
dynamical model atmospheres. Miras and semiregular variables are compared. The
origins of non-periodic behavior are discussed, including the role of spatial
inhomogeneities in the stellar atmosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41003 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Relativistic Potential Difference Across a Rotating


  According to the Special Theory of Relativity, a rotating magnetic dielectric
cylinder in an axial magnetic field should exhibit a contribution to the radial
electric potential that is associated with the motion of the material's
magnetic dipoles. In 1913 Wilson and Wilson reported a measurement of the
potential difference across a magnetic dielectric constructed from wax and
steel balls. Their measurement has long been regarded as a verification of this
prediction. In 1995 Pelligrini and Swift questioned the theoretical basis of
experiment. In particular, they pointed out that it is not obvious that a
rotating medium may be treated as if each point in the medium is locally
inertial. They calculated the effect in the rotating frame and predicted a
potential different from both Wilson's theory and experiment. Subsequent
analysis of the experiment suggests that Wilson's experiment does not
distinguish between the two predictions due to the fact that their composite
steel-wax cylinder is conductive in the regions of magnetization. We report
measurements of the radial voltage difference across various rotating
dielectric cylinders, including a homogeneous magnetic material (YIG), to
unambiguously test the competing calculations. Our results are compatible with
the traditional treatment of the effect using a co-moving locally inertial
reference frame, and are incompatible with the predictions based on the model
of Pelligrini and Swift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74445 </DOCNO>
B --> K^* \tau^+ \tau^- decay in the general two Higgs doublet model


  We study the CP violating asymmetry, the forward-backward asymmetry of the
lepton pair and the CP asymmetry in the forward backward asymmetry for the
exclusive decay $B --> K^* \tau^+ \tau^- in the general two Higgs doublet model
including the neutral Higgs boson effects. We analyse the dependencies of these
quantities on the model III parameters. We found that the physical parameters
studied above are at the order of the magnitude 1% and neutral Higgs boson
effects are detectable for large values of the coupling
\bar{\xi}_{N,\tau\tau}^D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4377 </DOCNO>
Photonic band structure of highly deformable, self-assembling systems


  We calculate the photonic band structure at normal incidence of highly
deformable, self-assembling systems - cholesteric elastomers subjected to
external stress. Cholesterics display brilliant reflection and lasing owing to
gaps in their photonic band structure. The band structure of cholesteric
elastomers varies sensitively with strain, showing new gaps opening up and
shifting in frequency. A novel prediction of a total band gap is made, and is
expected to occur in the vicinity of the previously observed de Vries bandgap,
which is only for one polarisation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168255 </DOCNO>
Conditions for Nondistortion Interrogation of Quantum System


  Under some physical considerations, we present a universal formulation to
study the possibility of localizing a quantum object in a given region without
disturbing its unknown internal state. When the interaction between the object
and probe wave function takes place only once, we prove the necessary and
sufficient condition that the object's presence can be detected in an initial
state preserving way. Meanwhile, a conditioned optimal interrogation
probability is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86130 </DOCNO>
Revisiting Weyl's calculation of the gravitational pull in Bach's


  When the mass of one of the two bodies tends to zero, Weyl's definition of
the gravitational force in an axially symmetric, static two-body solution can
be given an invariant formulation in terms of a force four-vector. The norm of
this force is calculated for Bach's two-body solution, that is known to be in
one-to-one correspondence with Schwarzschild's original solution when one of
the two masses l, l' is made to vanish. In the limit when, say, l' goes to
zero, the norm of the force divided by l' and calculated at the position of the
vanishing mass is found to coincide with the norm of the acceleration of a test
body kept at rest in Schwarzschild's field. Both norms happen thus to grow
without limit when the test body (respectively the vanishing mass l') is kept
at rest in a position closer and closer to Schwarzschild's two-surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114106 </DOCNO>
On fibre bundle formulation of classical and statistical mechanics


  Some elements of classical mechanics and classical statistical mechanics are
formulated in terms of fibre bundles. In the bundle approach the dynamical and
distribution functions are replaced by liftings of paths in a suitably chosen
bundle. Their time evolution is described by appropriate linear transports
along paths in it or, equivalently, by corresponding invariant bundle equations
of motion. In particular, the bundle version of the Liouville equation is
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167972 </DOCNO>
Ground state of antiferromagnetic ordering in fullerene $C_{60}$


  Theoretical study of mutual orientation of fullerene $C_{60}$ molecule atom
spins is presented in this work. Spin-spin interaction was described by
Habbard's model. Existence of antiferromagnetic sturcture of spin sub-system in
ground state is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86563 </DOCNO>
Coordinate System, Temperature and Gravity


  We discuss the problem of applicability of Coordinate Systems (or Frames)
that determine (t,x,y,z) values - the initial notions for most physical
theories. Equipment that measure these values - Clocks and Meters - are based
at Reference System and are the primary measuring units. We discus when and why
physical phenomena might prevent to provide measurements of (t,x,y,z). We show
that Temperature may be the factor that can significantly influence on the
measurements of (t,x,y,z) by Reference System and that action may violate the
usage of Coordinate System. We discuss possible origin of such unmovable
Temperature and assume that it should be Gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129112 </DOCNO>
Concentrations and Assembly Histories of Dark Matter Halos


  We study the relation between the density profiles of dark matter halos and
their mass assembly histories, using a statistical sample of halos in a
high-resolution N-body simulation of the LCDM cosmology. For each halo at z=0,
we identify its merger-history tree, and determine concentration parameters
c_vir for all progenitors, thus providing a structural merger tree for each
halo. We fit the mass accretion histories by a universal function with one
parameter, the formation epoch a_c, defined when the log mass accretion rate
dlog M/doga falls below a critical value. We find that late forming galaxies
tend to be less concentrated, such that c_vir ``observed'' at any epoch a_obs
is strongly correlated with a_c via c_vir=c_1 a_obs/a_c. Scatter about this
relation is mostly due to measurement errors in c_vir and a_c, implying that
the actual spread in c_vir for halos of a given mass can be mostly attributed
to scatter in a_c. Because of the direct connection between halo concentration
and velocity rotation curves, and because of probable connections between halo
mass assembly history and star formation history, the tight correlation between
these properties provides an essential new ingredient for galaxy formation
modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124146 </DOCNO>
Chemo-spectrophotometric evolution of spiral galaxies: V. Properties of


  We explore the implications for the high redshift universe of
``state-of-the-art'' models for the chemical and spectrophotometric evolution
of spiral galaxies. The models are based on simple ``scaling relations'' for
discs, obtained in the framework of Cold Dark Matter models for galaxy
formation, and were ``calibrated'' as to reproduce the properties of the Milky
Way and of nearby discs (at redshift z~0). In this paper, we compare the
predictions of our ``hybrid'' approach to galaxy evolution to observations at
moderate and high redshift. We find that the models are in fairly good
agreement with observations up to z~1, while some problems appear at higher
redshift (provided there is no selection bias in the data); these discrepancies
may suggest that galaxy mergers (not considered in this work) played a non
negligible role at z>1. We also predict the existence of a ``universal''
correlation between abundance gradients and disc scalelengths, independent of
redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41177 </DOCNO>
New results in diffractive production from E687 at FNAL


  A narrow dip structure has been observed at 1.9 GeV/c$^2$ in a study of
diffractive photoproduction of the $~3\pi^+3\pi^-$ final state performed by the
Fermilab experiment E687. Preliminary results on new structures in
$~2\pi^+2\pi^-$ final states are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6670 </DOCNO>
Recent developments in the characterization of superconducting films by


  We describe and analyze selected surface impedance data recently obtained by
different groups on cuprate, ruthenate and diboride superconducting films on
metallic and dielectric substrates for fundamental studies and microwave
applications. The discussion includes a first review of microwave data on MgB2,
the weak-link behaviour of RABiTS-type YBa2Cu3O7-d tapes, and the observation
of a strong anomalous power-dependence of the microwave losses in MgO at low
temperatures. We demonstrate how microwave measurements can be used to
investigate electronic, magnetic, and dielectric dissipation and relaxation in
the films and substrates. The impact of such studies reaches from the
extraction of microscopic information to the engineering of materials and
further on to applications in power systems and communication technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129277 </DOCNO>
Temporal properties of the short gamma-ray bursts


  A temporal analysis has been performed on a sample of 100 bright gamma-ray
bursts (GRBs) with T90<2s from the BATSE current catalog. The GRBs were
denoised using a median filter and subjected to an automated pulse selection
algorithm as an objective way of idenitifing the effects of neighbouring
pulses. The rise times, fall times, FWHM, pulse amplitudes and areas were
measured and the frequency distributions are presented here. All are consistent
with lognormal distributions. The distribution of the time intervals between
pulses is not random but consistent with a lognormal distribution. The time
intervals between pulses and pulse amplitudes are highly correlated with each
other. These results are in excellent agreement with a similar analysis that
revealed lognormal distributions for pulse properties and correlated time
intervals between pulses in bright GRBs with T90>2s. The two sub-classes of
GRBs appear to have the same emission mechanism which is probably caused by
internal shocks. They may not have the same progenitors because of the generic
nature of the fireball model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76118 </DOCNO>
The $\gamma^* \lowercase{p}$ total cross section at low x


  The scaling in $\sigma_{\gamma^*p}(W^2, Q^2)$ cross sections (for $Q^2/W^2 <<
1$) in terms of the scaling variable $\eta = (Q^2 + m^2_0)/\Lambda^2 (W^2)$ is
interpreted in the generalized vector dominance/color-dipole picture (GVD/CDP).
The quantity $\Lambda^2 (W^2)$ is identified as the average gluon transverse
momentum absorbed by the $q \bar q$ state, $<\vec l_\bot^{~2}> = (1/6)
\Lambda^2 (W^2)$. At any $Q^2$, for $W^2 \to \infty$, the cross sections for
virtual and real photons become universal,$\sigma_{\gamma^*p}(W^2,Q^2)/
\sigma_{\gamma p} (W^2) \to 1$. The gluon density corresponding to the
color-dipole cross section in the appropriate limit is found to be consistent
with the results from QCD fits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96266 </DOCNO>
Open String Instantons and Relative Stable Morphisms


  We show how topological open string theory amplitudes can be computed by
using relative stable morphisms in the algebraic category. We achieve our goal
by explicitly working through an example which has been previously considered
by Ooguri and Vafa from the point of view of physics. By using the method of
virtual localization, we successfully reproduce their results for multiple
covers of a holomorphic disc, whose boundary lies in a Lagrangian submanifold
of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold, by Riemann surfaces with arbitrary genera and number of
boundary components. In particular we show that in the case we consider there
are no open string instantons with more than one boundary component ending on
the Lagrangian submanifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4851 </DOCNO>
Possible evidence for the existence of the Fehrenbacher-Rice band: O


  X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), resistivity and thermoelectric
power have been measured on Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7. These data reveal an intriguing
electronic structure in Pr-doped cuprates. The absorption peak in XANES
associated with the Fehrenbacher-Rice (FR) band has been identified. The
Ca-doped holes in Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7 go to both the Zhang-Rice (ZR) and FR bands.
Comparative studies on the related samples suggest that the FR band is
partially filled and highly localized. Implications of these results on other
recent experiments, such as the observation of superconductivity in PrBa2Cu3O7
single crystals, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96197 </DOCNO>
Towards Lower Bounds for Complexity of 3-Manifolds: a Program


  For a 3-dimensional manifold $M^3$, its complexity $c(M^3)$, introduced by
S.Matveev, is the minimal number of vertices of an almost simple spine of
$M^3$; in many cases it is equal to the minimal number of tetrahedra in a
singular triangulation of $M^3$. An approach to estimating $c(M^3)$ from below
for total spaces of torus bundles over $S^1$, based on the study of
theta-curves in the fibers, is developed, and pseudominimal special spines for
these manifolds are constructed, which we conjecture to be their minimal
spines. We also show how to apply some of these ideas to other 3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81194 </DOCNO>
Heavy light decay constants on the lattice


  We present results for the leptonic decays of heavy-light mesons in the
quenched approximation and a preliminary result for f_Ds with dynamical
fermions for Nf=2. We examine the systematic effects of extrapolating the decay
constants from the charm to the bottom quark mass, and find this extrapolation
to be under control. We present a preliminary result for f_Ds{Nf=2} and compare
to f_Ds{Nf=0} matched to have the same lattice spacing set by the Sommer scale,
r0. We find no significant difference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86869 </DOCNO>
Acoustics in Bose--Einstein condensates as an example of Lorentz


  To help focus ideas regarding possible routes to the breakdown of Lorentz
invariance, it is extremely useful to explore concrete physical models that
exhibit similar phenomena. In particular, acoustics in Bose--Einstein
condensates has the interesting property that at low-momentum the phonon
dispersion relation can be written in a ``relativistic'' form exhibiting an
approximate ``Lorentz invariance''. Indeed all of low-momentum phonon physics
in this system can be reformulated in terms of relativistic curved-space
quantum field theory. In contrast, high-momentum phonon physics probes regions
where the dispersion relation departs from the relativistic form and thus
violates Lorentz invariance. This model provides a road-map of at least one
route to broken Lorentz invariance. Since the underlying theory is manifestly
physical this type of breaking automatically avoids unphysical features such as
causality violations. This model hints at the type of dispersion relation that
might be expected at ultra-high energies, close to the Planck scale, where
quantum gravity effects are suspected to possibly break ordinary Lorentz
invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149542 </DOCNO>
The supercharge and superconformal symmetry for N=1 supersymmetric


  The superspace Lagrangian formulation of N=1 supersymmetric quantum mechanics
is presented. The general Lagrangian constructed out of chiral and antichiral
supercoordinates containing up to two derivatives and with a canonically
normalized kinetic energy term describes the motion of a nonrelativistic spin
1/2 particle with Land\'e g-factor 2 moving in two spatial dimensions under the
influence of a static but spatially dependent magnetic field. Noether's theorem
is derived for the general case and is used to construct superspace dependent
charges whose lowest components give the superconformal generators. The
supercoordinate of charges containing an R symmetry charge, the supersymmetry
charges and the Hamiltonian are combined to form a supercharge supercoordinate.
Superconformal Ward identities for the quantum effective action are derived
from the conservation equations and the source of potential symmetry breaking
terms are identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113409 </DOCNO>
Apparent Lack of Symmetry in Stellar Aberration and Euclidean Space Time


  The effect of stellar aberration seems to be one of the simplest phenomena in
astronomical observations. But there is a large literature about it betraying a
problem of asymmetry between observer motion and source motion. This paper
addresses the problem from the point of view of Euclidean space-time, arising
from the proposition that stellar aberration (or Bradley aberration) gives rise
to a Lorentz expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74301 </DOCNO>
Magnetically induced vacuum-energy releasing


  We study the fermionic vacuum energy of vacua with and without being applied
an external magnetic field. The energetic difference of two vacua leads to the
vacuum decaying and the vacuum-energy releasing. In the context of quantum
field theories, we discuss why and how the vacuum energy can be released by
spontaneous photon emissions and/or paramagnetically screening the external
magnetic field. In addition, we quantitatively compute the vacuum energy
released, the paramagnetic screening effect and the rate and spectrum of
spontaneous photon emissions. The possibilities of experimentally detecting
such a vacuum-energy releasing are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150266 </DOCNO>
Flux Stabilization of D-branes in NSNS Melvin Background


  In this paper we reexamine the D-brane spectrum in the Melvin background with
nonconstant NSNS B-field from the viewpoint of its world-volume and string
world-sheet theory. We find that the stable D2-D0 bound state exists even
though it does not wrap any nontrivial cycles. We show that this system is
stabilized by the presence of the NSNS B-field and the magnetic flux F.
Moreover from the non-abelian world-volume theory of D0-branes the bound state
is regarded as a system of D0-branes expanding into a fuzzy torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41121 </DOCNO>
Determination of absolute neutrino masses from Z-bursts


  Ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHE\nu) scatter on relic neutrinos (R\nu)
producing Z bosons, which can decay hadronically producing protons (Z-burst).
We compare the predicted proton spectrum with the observed ultrahigh energy
cosmic ray (UHECR) spectrum and determine the mass of the heaviest R\nu via a
maximum likelihood analysis. Our prediction depends on the origin of the
power-like part of the UHECR spectrum: m_\nu=2.75^{+1.28}_{-0.97} eV for
Galactic halo and 0.26^{+0.20}_{-0.14} eV for extragalactic (EG) origin. The
necessary UHE\nu flux should be detected in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5931 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in pure and electron doped MgB2: Transport properties


  The normal state and superconducting properties of MgB2 and Mg1-xAlxB2 are
discussed based on structural, transport, and high pressure experiments. The
positive Seebeck coefficient and its linear temperature dependence for Tc<T<160
K provide evidence that the low-temperature transport in MgB2 is due to
hole-like metallic carriers. Structural and transport data show the important
role of defects as indicated by the correlation of Tc, the residual resistance
ratio, and the microstrain extracted from x-ray spectra. The decrease of Tc
with hydrostatic pressure is well explained by the strong-coupling BCS theory.
The large scatter of the pressure coefficients of Tc for different MgB2
samples, however, cannot be explained within this theory. We speculate that
pressure may increase the defect density, particularly in samples with large
initial defect concentration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179485 </DOCNO>
An Introduction to Few Nucleon Systems in Effective Field Theory


  Progress in the Effective Field Theory of two and three nucleon systems is
sketched, concentrating mainly on the low energy version in which pions are
integrated out as explicit degrees of freedom. Examples given are: the
extraction of nucleon polarisabilities from deuteron Compton scattering at very
low energies; the energy dependence of the nucleon polarisabilities; three body
forces and the triton; and $\mathrm{nd}$ partial waves at momenta below the
pion cut.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41263 </DOCNO>
Kzero--Anti-Kzero and Bzero--Anti-Bzero Constraints On Technicolor


  I propose a resolution of the strong CP problem of quarks based on vacuum
alignment in theories of dynamically broken electroweak and flavor symmetries.
Mixing in the neutral B and K--meson systems is used to restrict the form of
quark mass and mixing matrices and to constrain the masses of the topcolor
gauge bosons V_8 and Z' to be greater than 5 TeV. The K^0 mixing parameter
epsilon is calculated for models whose quark mass matrix leads to weak, but not
strong, CP violation. It is easy to accomodate its value in some models while,
in others, no reasonable combination of extended technicolor and topcolor
masses can account for epsilon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125055 </DOCNO>
Lensing magnification effects on the cosmic shear statistics


  Gravitational lensing causes a correlation between a population of foreground
large-scale structures and the observed number density of the background
distant galaxies as a consequence of the flux magnification and the lensing
area distortion. This correlation has not been taken into account in
calculations of the theoretical predictions of the cosmic shear statistics but
may cause a systematic error in a cosmic shear measurement. We examine its
impact on the cosmic shear statistics using the semi-analytic approach. We find
that the lensing magnification has no practical influence on the cosmic shear
variance. Exploring possible shapes of redshift distribution of source
galaxies, we find that the relative amplitude of the effect on the convergence
skewness is 3% at most

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179058 </DOCNO>
Reworking the Tucson-Melbourne Three-Nucleon Potential


  We introduce new values of the strength constants (i.e., $a$, $b$, $c$, and
$d$ coefficients) of the Tucson-Melbourne (TM) 2$\pi$ exchange three nucleon
potential. The new values come from contemporary dispersion relation analyses
of meson factory $\pi$N scattering data. We make variational Monte Carlo
calculations of the triton with the original and updated three-body forces to
study the effects of this update. We remove a short-range -- $\pi$-range part
of the potential due to the $c$ coefficient and discuss the effect on the
triton binding energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96820 </DOCNO>
Global angle-action variables for Duffing system


  The classical representation of Hamiltonian systems in terms of action-angle
variables are defined for simply connected domains such as an interior of a
homoclinic orbit. On this basis methods of (local) perturbations leading, in
particular, to chaotic systems have been studied in literature.
  We are describing a new method for constructing global action-angle variables
and successive perturbations based on a topological covering of the phase
space. The method is demonstrated for representative example of the Duffing
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96058 </DOCNO>
On some properties of transitions operators


  We study a general transition operator, generated by a random walk on a graph
$X$; in particular we give necessary and sufficient condition on the matrix
coefficient (1-step transition probablilities) to be a bounded operator from
$l^\infty(X)$ into itself. Moreover we characterize compact operators and we
relate this property to the behaviour of the associated random walk. We give a
necessary and sufficient condition for the pre-adjoint of the discrete Laplace
operator to be an injective map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40977 </DOCNO>
J/psi plus dijet associated production in two-photon collisions


  We study the production of a J/psi meson in association with one or two jets
in gamma gamma collisions concentrating on the direct-photon contribution,
which is expected to be dominant for large J/psi-meson transverse momentum
and/or large dijet invariant mass. We work at leading order in the
factorization formalism of nonrelativistic QCD and include all relevant
colour-octet processes. We present distributions in J/psi-meson transverse
momentum and rapidity appropriate for CERN LEP2, a future e^+e^- linear
collider, and a possible gamma gamma collider mode of the latter. In the case
of the e^+e^- linear collider, we assume the beamstrahlung spectrum appropriate
for DESY TESLA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98537 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic monopoles and holomorphic spheres


  We associate to an SU(2) hyperbolic monopole a holomorphic sphere embedded in
projective space and use this to uncover various features of the monopole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128143 </DOCNO>
Optical Observations of Afterglows


  Optical, infrared and ultraviolet observations of GRB fields have allowed
detection of counterparts and host galaxies of the high energy transients, thus
crucially contributing to our present knowledge of the GRB phenomenon.
Measurements of afterglow variable emission, polarized light, redshifted
absorption and emission line spectra, as well as host galaxies brightnesses and
colors have clarified many fundamental issues related to the radiation
mechanisms and environments of GRBs, setting the background towards disclosing
the nature of their progenitors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 109 </DOCNO>
Hofstadter butterfly as Quantum phase diagram


  The Hofstadter butterfly is viewed as a quantum phase diagram with infinitely
many phases, labelled by their (integer) Hall conductance, and a fractal
structure. We describe various properties of this phase diagram: We establish
Gibbs phase rules; count the number of components of each phase, and
characterize the set of multiple phase coexistence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150061 </DOCNO>
Propagation of a relativistic particle in terms of the unitary


  In a generalized Heisenberg/Schroedinger picture we use an invariant
space-time transformation to describe the motion of a relativistic particle. We
discuss the relation with the relativistic mechanics and find that the
propagation of the particle may be defined as space-time transition between
states with equal eigenvalues of the first and second Casimir operators of the
Lorentz algebra. In addition we use a vector on the light-cone. A massive
relativistic particle with spin 0 is considered. We also consider the
nonrelativistic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125501 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy and orbital periods of four cataclysmic variable stars


  We present spectroscopy and orbital periods Porb of four relatively
little-studied cataclysmic variable stars. The stars and their periods are: AF
Cam, Porb = 0.324(1) d (the daily cycle count is slightly ambiguous); V2069 Cyg
(= RX J2123.7+4217), 0.311683(2) d; PG 0935+075, 0.1868(3) d; and KUV
03580+0614, 0.1495(6) d. V2069 Cyg and KUV 03580+0614 both show HeII lambda
4686 emission comparable in strength to H beta. V2069 Cyg appears to be a
luminous novalike variable, and the strong HeII suggests it may be an
intermediate polar. The period of KUV 03580+0614 is similar to members of the
SW Sex-type novalike variables, and it shows the phase-dependent absorption in
the Balmer and He I lines typical of this subclass. AF Cam shows absorption
features from a K-type secondary, as expected given its rather long orbital
period. The secondary spectrum and the outburst magnitude both suggest that AF
Cam is about 1 kpc distant. The spectrum of PG 0935+075 resembles that of a
dwarf nova at minimum light, with a noticeable contribution from an M-dwarf
secondary star. The secondary spectrum and a tentative outburst magnitude both
suggest a distance near 500 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127564 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a non-zero Lambda and a low matter density from a combined


  We perform a joint likelihood analysis of the power spectra of the 2dF Galaxy
Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies
under the assumptions that the initial fluctuations were adiabatic, Gaussian
and well described by power laws with scalar and tensor indices of n_s and n_t.
On its own, the 2dFGRS sets tight limits on the parameter combination Omega_m
h, but relatively weak limits on the fraction of the cosmic matter density in
baryons Omega_b/Omega_m. The CMB anisotropy data alone set poor constraints on
the cosmological constant and Hubble constant because of a `geometrical
degeneracy' among parameters. Furthermore, if tensor modes are allowed, the CMB
data allow a wide range of values for the physical densities in baryons and
cold dark matter. Combining the CMB and 2dFGRS data sets helps to break both
the geometrical and tensor mode degeneracies. The values of the parameters
derived here are consistent with the predictions of the simplest models of
inflation, with the baryon density derived from primordial nucleosynthesis and
with direct measurements of the Hubble parameter. In particular, we find strong
evidence for a positive cosmological constant with a pm 2sigma range of 0.65 <
Omega_Lambda < 0.85, completely independently of constraints on Omega_\Lambda
derived from Type Ia supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128751 </DOCNO>
Interstellar extinction by fractal polycrystalline graphite clusters?


  Certain dust particles in space are expected to appear as clusters of
individual grains. The morphology of these clusters could be fractal or
compact. To determine how these structural features would affect the
interpretation of the observed interstellar extinction peak at $\sim 4.6~\mu$m,
we have calculated the extinction by compact and fractal polycrystalline
graphite clusters consisting of touching identical spheres. We compare three
general methods for computing the extinction of the clusters, namely, a
rigorous solution and two different discrete-dipole approximation methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97700 </DOCNO>
Degrees of real Grassmann varieties


  The paper has been withdrawn by the authors, due to an error in the proof of
Theorem 1.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179475 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical analysis of flow at RHIC


  We use a hydrodynamical model to describe the evolution of the collision
system at collision energies sqrt{s}=130 and 200 GeV. At lower sqrt{s}=130 GeV
energy we compare the results obtained assuming fast or slow thermalization
(thermalization times tau_0=0.6 and 4.1 fm/c, respectively) and show that slow
thermalization fails to reproduce the observed anisotropy of particle
distribution. At sqrt{s}=200 GeV collision energy our results show anisotropies
similar to those observed at sqrt{s}=130 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97277 </DOCNO>
Hausdorff Measure for a Stable-Like Process over an Infinite Extension


  We consider an infinite extension $K$ of a local field of zero characteristic
which is a union of an increasing sequence of finite extensions. $K$ is
equipped with an inductive limit topology; its conjugate $\bar{K}$ is a
completion of $K$ with respect to a topology given by certain explicitly
written seminorms. The semigroup of measures, which defines a stable-like
process $X(t)$ on $\bar{K}$, is concentrated on a compact subgroup $S\subset
\bar{K}$. We study properties of the process $X_S(t)$, a part of $X(t)$ in $S$.
It is shown that the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of the image of an
interval equal 0 almost surely. In the case of tamely ramified extensions a
correct Hausdorff measure for this set is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7167 </DOCNO>
Cracks and Crazes: from molecular simulations to the macroscopic


  We combine molecular dynamics simulations of deformations at the submicron
scale with a continuum fracture mechanics calculation for the onset of crack
propagation to predict the macroscopic fracture toughness of amorphous glassy
polymers. Key ingredients in this multiscale approach are the elastic
properties of polymer crazes and the stress at which craze fibrils fail through
chain pullout or scission. Our results are in quantitative agreement with
dimensionless ratios that describe experimental polymers and their variation
with temperature, polymer length and polymer rigidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168125 </DOCNO>
Bell's inequality and a strict assessment of the concept of


  It is argued that the concept of ``physical quantities possessed by the
system'' is both redundant and inappropriate. We have examined two versions of
the concept of ``possessed values'': one identical with the observed values and
the other non-identical. Assuming the existence of such ``physical quantities
possessed by the system'' and subjecting it to the framework of Bell theorem
under very generous condition allowing even certain form of ``nonlocality'',
one can still arrive at the proper Bell's inequality. With the experimental
falsification of Bell's inequality, we conclude that the concept of ``possessed
values'' finds no place in proper physical reasoning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74875 </DOCNO>
See-saw mechanism and four light neutrino state


  A formal proof is given that in a see-saw type neutrino mass matrix with only
two neutrino mass scales ($m_D \ll m_R$) and the maximal rank of $m_{R(D)}$, we
can not get a fourth light sterile neutrino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76302 </DOCNO>
Supernova neutrino oscillations: A simple analytical approach


  Analyses of observable supernova neutrino oscillation effects require the
calculation of the electron (anti)neutrino survival probability P_ee along a
given supernova matter density profile. We propose a simple analytical
prescription for P_ee, based on a double-exponential form for the crossing
probability and on the concept of maximum violation of adiabaticity. In the
case of two-flavor transitions, the prescription is shown to reproduce
accurately, in the whole neutrino oscillation parameter space, the results of
exact numerical calculations for generic (realistic or power-law) profiles. The
analytical approach is then generalized to cover three-flavor transitions with
(direct or inverse) mass spectrum hierarchy, and to incorporate Earth matter
effects. Compact analytical expressions, explicitly showing the symmetry
properties of P_ee, are provided for practical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149999 </DOCNO>
On the symmetries of BF models and their relation with gravity


  The perturbative finiteness of various topological models (e.g. BF models)
has its origin in an extra symmetry of the gauge-fixed action, the so-called
vector supersymmetry. Since an invariance of this type also exists for gravity
and since gravity is closely related to certain BF models, vector supersymmetry
should also be useful for tackling various aspects of quantum gravity. With
this motivation and goal in mind, we first extend vector supersymmetry of BF
models to generic manifolds by incorporating it into the BRST symmetry within
the Batalin-Vilkovisky framework. Thereafter, we address the relationship
between gravity and BF models, in particular for three-dimensional space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168984 </DOCNO>
Clifford algebras, noncommutative tori and universal quantum computers


  Recently author suggested [quant-ph/0010071] an application of Clifford
algebras for construction of a "compiler" for universal binary quantum computer
together with later development [quant-ph/0012009] of the similar idea for a
non-binary base. The non-binary case is related with application of some
extension of idea of Clifford algebras. It is noncommutative torus defined by
polynomial algebraic relations of order l. For l=2 it coincides with definition
of Clifford algebra. Here is presented the joint consideration and comparison
of both cases together with some discussion on possible physical consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72855 </DOCNO>
Once again on electromagnetic properties of a domain wall interacting


  The response to a magnetic flux is considered of the vacuum state of charged
Dirac fermions interacting with a domain wall made of a neutral spinless field
in (3+1) dimensions with the fermion mass having a phase variation across the
wall. It is pointed out that due to simple C parity arguments the spontaneous
magnetization for this system is necessarily zero, thus invalidating some
claims to the contrary in the literature. The cancellation of the spontaneous
magnetization is explicitly demonstrated in a particular class of models. The
same calculation produces a general formula for the electric charge density
induced by the magnetic flux -- an effect previously discussed in the
literature for axionic domain walls. The distribution of the induced charge is
calculated in specific models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113540 </DOCNO>
Relativistic integro-differential form of the Lorentz-Dirac equation in


  It is well known that the third-order Lorentz-Dirac equation admits runaway
solutions wherein the energy of the particle grows without limit, even when
there is no external force. These solutions can be denied simply on physical
grounds, and on the basis of careful analysis of the correspondence between
classical and quantum theory. Nonetheless, one would prefer an equation that
did not admit unphysical behavior at the outset. Such an equation - an
integro-differential version of the Lorentz-Dirac equation - is currently
available either in 1 dimension only, or in 3 dimensions only in the
non-relativistic limit.
  It is shown herein how the Lorentz-Dirac equation may be integrated without
approximation, and is thereby converted to a second-order integro-differential
equation in 3D satisfying the above requirement. I.E., as a result, no
additional constraints on the solutions are required because runaway solutions
are intrinsically absent. The derivation is placed within the historical
context established by standard works on classical electrodynamics by Rohrlich,
and by Jackson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2689 </DOCNO>
Quantum Phase Transitions in Spin Systems


  We discuss the influence of strong quantum fluctuations on zero-temperature
phase transitions in a two-dimensional spin-half Heisenberg system. Using a
high-order coupled cluster treatment, we study competition of magnetic bonds
with and without frustration. We find that the coupled cluster treatment is
able to describe the zero-temperature transitions in a qualitatively correct
way, even if frustration is present and other methods such as quantum Monte
Carlo fail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95756 </DOCNO>
Sasakian-Einstein Structures on $9#(S^2\times S^3)$


  We show that $\scriptstyle{#9(S^2\times S^3)}$ admits an 8-dimensional
complex family of inequivalent non-regular Sasakian-Einstein structures. These
are the first known Einstein metrics on this 5-manifold. In particular, the
bound $\scriptstyle{b_2(M)\leq8}$ which holds for any regular Sasakian-Einstein
$\scriptstyle{M}$ does not apply to the non-regular case. We also discuss the
failure of the Hitchin-Thorpe inequality in the case of 4-orbifolds and
describe the orbifold version.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6826 </DOCNO>
Note on Abe's general pseudoadditivity for nonextensive systems


  We show that Abe's general pseudoadditivity for entropy prescribed by thermal
equilibrium in nonextensive systems holds not only for entropy, but also for
internal energy of the systems. The application of this general
pseudoadditivity to Tsallis entropy tells us that the factorization of the
probability of a composite system into product of the probabilities of the
subsystems is just a consequence of the existence of thermal equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96874 </DOCNO>
Viro theorem and topology of real and complex combinatorial


  We introduce a class of combinatorial hypersurfaces in the complex projective
space. They are submanifolds of codimension~2 in $\C P^n$ and are topologically
"glued" out of algebraic hypersurfaces in $(\C^*)^n$. Our construction can be
viewed as a version of the Viro gluing theorem, relating topology of algebraic
hypersurfaces to the combinatorics of subdivisions of convex lattice polytopes.
If a subdivision is convex, then according to the Viro theorem a combinatorial
hypersurface is isotopic to an algebraic one. We study combinatorial
hypersurfaces resulting from non-convex subdivisions of convex polytopes, show
that they are almost complex varieties, and in the real case, they satisfy the
same topological restrictions (congruences, inequalities etc.) as real
algebraic hypersurfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5486 </DOCNO>
Multi-Terminal Superconducting Phase Qubit


  Mesoscopic multi-terminal Josephson junctions are novel devices that provide
weak coupling between several bulk superconductors through a common normal
layer. Because of the nonlocal coupling of the superconducting banks, a current
flow between two of the terminals can induce a phase difference and/or current
flow in the other terminals. This "phase dragging" effect is used in designing
a new type of superconducting phase qubit, the basic element of a quantum
computer. Time-reversal symmetry breaking can be achieved by inserting a
pi-phase shifter into the flux loop. Logical operations are done by applying
currents. This removes the necessity for local external magnetic fields to
achieve bistability or controllable operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128555 </DOCNO>
Reliability of astrophysical jet simulations in 2D: On inter-code


  In the present paper, we examine the convergence behavior and inter-code
reliability of astrophysical jet simulations in axial symmetry. We consider
both, pure hydrodynamic jets and jets with a dynamically significant magnetic
field. The setups were chosen to match the setups of two other publications,
and recomputed with the MHD code NIRVANA. We show that NIRVANA and the two
other codes give comparable, but not identical results. We find that some
global properties of a hydrodynamical jet simulation, like e.g. the bow shock
velocity, converge at 100 points per beam radius (ppb) with NIRVANA. The
situation is quite different after switching on the toroidal magnetic field: In
this case, global properties converge even at 10 ppb. In both cases, details of
the inner jet structure and especially the terminal shock region are still
insufficiently resolved, even at our highest resolution of 70 ppb in the
magnetized case and 400 ppb for the pure hydrodynamic jet. In the case of our
highest resolution simulation, we can report two new features: First, small
scale Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities are excited at the contact discontinuity
next to the jet head. This slows down the development of the long wavelength
Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and its turbulent cascade to smaller wavelengths.
Second, the jet head develops Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities which manage to
entrain an increasing amount of mass from the ambient medium with resolution.
This region extends in our highest resolution simulation over 2 jet radii in
the axial direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1664 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic superconducting properties of aligned MgB2 crystallites


  Samples of aligned MgB2 crystallites have been prepared, allowing for the
first time the direct identification of an upper critical field anisotropy
Hc2^{ab}/Hc2^{c}= xi_{ab}/xi_{c} ~ 1.73; with xi_{o,ab} ~ 70 A, xi_{o,c} ~ 40
A, and a mass anisotropy ratio m_{ab}/m_{c} ~ 0.3. A ferromagnetic background
signal was identified, possibly related to the raw materials purity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3188 </DOCNO>
Cold Bose gases with large scattering lengths


  We calculate the energy and condensate fraction for a dense system of bosons
interacting through an attractive short range interaction with positive s-wave
scattering length $a$. At high densities, $n>>a^{-3}$, the energy per particle,
chemical potential, and square of the sound speed are independent of the
scattering length and proportional to $n^{2/3}$, as in Fermi systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169054 </DOCNO>
Quantum Key Distribution with Continuous Variables in Optics


  We discuss a quantum key distribution scheme in which small phase and
amplitude modulations of quantum limited, CW light beams carry the key
information. We identify universal constraints on the level of shared
information between the intended receiver (Bob) and any eavesdropper (Eve) and
use this to make a general evaluation of the security and efficiency of the
scheme. We show that a scheme based on coherent light offers competitive secret
key bit transmission rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179181 </DOCNO>
Charged-current neutrino-208Pb reactions


  We present theoretical results on the non flux-averaged
$^{208}Pb(\nu_{e},e^-)^{208}Bi$ and $^{208}Pb(\nu_{\mu},\mu^-)^{208}Bi$
reaction cross sections, obtained within the charge-exchange
Random-Phase-Approximation. A detailed knowledge of these cross sections is
important in different contexts. In particular, it is necessary to assess the
possibility of using lead as a detector in future experiments on supernova
neutrinos, such as OMNIS and LAND, and eventually detect neutrino oscillation
signals by exploiting the spectroscopic properties of $^{208}Bi$. We discuss
the present status on the theoretical predictions of the reaction cross
sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124453 </DOCNO>
Molecular Excitation and Differential Gas-Phase Depletions in the IC


  We present a combined near-infrared and molecular-line study of 25' x 8' area
in the Northern streamer of the IC 5146 cloud. Using the technique pioneered by
Lada et al 1994, we construct a Gaussian smoothed map of the infrared
extinction with the same resolution as the molecular line observations in order
to examine correlations of integrated intensities and molecular abundances with
extinction for C17O, C34S, and N2H+. We find that over a visual extinction
range of 0 to 40 magnitudes, there is good evidence for the presence of
differential gas-phase depletions in the densest portions of IC 5146. Both CO
and CS exhibit a statistically significant (factor of ~3) abundance reduction
near Av ~ 12 magnitudes while, in direct contrast, at the highest extinctions,
Av > 10 magnitudes, N2H+ appears relatively undepleted. Moreover, for Av < 4
magnitudes there exists little or no N2H+. This pattern of depletions is
consistent with the predictions of chemical theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41655 </DOCNO>
Hadronic light-by-light corrections to the muon g-2: the pion-pole


  The correction to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from the pion-pole
contribution to the hadronic light-by-light scattering is considered using a
description of the pi0 - gamma* - gamma* transition form factor based on the
large-Nc and short-distance properties of QCD. The resulting two-loop integrals
are treated by first performing the angular integration analytically, using the
method of Gegenbauer polynomials, followed by a numerical evaluation of the
remaining two-dimensional integration over the moduli of the Euclidean loop
momenta. The value obtained, a_{mu}(LbyL;pi0) = +5.8 (1.0) x 10^{-10},
disagrees with other recent calculations. In the case of the vector meson
dominance form factor, the result obtained by following the same procedure
reads a_{mu}(LbyL;pi0)_{VMD} = +5.6 x 10^{-10}, and differs only by its overall
sign from the value obtained by previous authors. Inclusion of the eta and
eta-prime poles gives a total value a_{mu}(LbyL;PS) = +8.3 (1.2) x 10^{-10} for
the three pseudoscalar states. This result substantially reduces the difference
between the experimental value of a_{mu} and its theoretical counterpart in the
standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6075 </DOCNO>
Exact thermodynamics of an Extended Hubbard Model of single and paired


  By exploiting the technique of Sutherland's species, introduced in
\cite{DOMO-RC}, we derive the exact spectrum and partition function of a 1D
extended Hubbard model. The model describes a competition between dynamics of
single carriers and short-radius pairs, as a function of on-site Coulomb
repulsion ($U$) and filling ($\rho$). We provide the temperature dependence of
chemical potential, compressibility, local magnetic moment, and specific heat.
In particular the latter turns out to exhibit two peaks, both related to
`charge' degrees of freedom. Their origin and behavior are analyzed in terms of
kinetic and potential energy, both across the metal-insulator transition point
and in the strong coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179590 </DOCNO>
Descritpion of Exotic Nuclei Using Continuum Shell Model


  In weakly bound exotic nuclei, number of excited bound states or narrow
resonances is small and, moreover, they couple strongly to the particle
continuum. Hence, these systems should be described in the quantum open system
formalism which does not artificially separate the subspaces of (quasi-) bound
and scattering states. The Shell Model Embedded in the Continuum provides a
novel approach which solves this problem. Examples of application in sd-shell
nuclei will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73715 </DOCNO>
Covariant perturbation theory for bound states and resonances


  We formulate a covariant perturbation theory for calculating the changes in
the energy spectrum and wave function of bound states and resonances induced by
perturbations to the Hamiltonian. Set in the context of relativistic quantum
field theory, our formulation is the covariant analogue of the time-independent
perturbation theory of quantum mechanics. Although our derivation is valid for
energy-dependent potentials and is not restricted to inverse free Green
functions that are linear in the energy, the expressions obtained for the
energy and wave function corrections are compact, practical, and maximally
similar to the ones of quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6112 </DOCNO>
Spin-Phonon Chains with Bond Coupling


  We investigate the antiadiabatic limit of an antiferromagnetic S=1/2
Heisenberg chain coupled to Einstein phonons via a bond coupling. The flow
equation method is used to decouple the spin and the phonon part of the
Hamiltonian. In the effective spin model longer range spin-spin interactions
are generated. The effective spin chain is frustrated. The resulting
temperature dependent couplings are used to determine the magnetic
susceptibility and to determine the phase transition from a gapless state to a
dimerized gapped phase. The susceptibilities and the phase diagram obtained via
the effective couplings are compared with independently calculated quantum
Monte Carlo results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126324 </DOCNO>
Spin Clustering of Accreting X-ray Neutron Stars as Possible Evidence of


  A neutron star in binary orbit with a low-mass non-degenerate companion
becomes a source of x-rays with millisecond variability when mass accretion
spins it up. Centrifugally driven changes in density profile may initiate a
phase transition in a growing region of the core parallel to what may take
place in an isolated millisecond pulsar, but in reverse. Such a star will spend
a longer time in the spin frequency range over which the transition occurs than
elsewhere because the change of phase, paced by the spinup rate, is accompanied
by a growth in the moment of inertia. The population of accreters will exhibit
a clustering in the critical frequency range. A phase change triggered by
changing spin and the accompanying adjustment of moment of inertia has its
analogue in rotating nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7110 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Regimes in Thermostats of Berendsen's Type


  We consider the models of relaxational dynamics within the framework of
Berendsen's and Nose-Hoover's thermostats. On studying the crucial case of
ideal gas we come to the conclusion that both models mentioned above do not
allow for describing the true thermodynamical equilibrium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72950 </DOCNO>
Z(N) wall junctions: Monopole fossils in hot QCD


  We point out that the effective action of hot Yang--Mills theories has
semi-classical solutions, which are naturally identified with monopole world
lines, ``frozen'' into the short imaginary time dimension. The solutions look
like wall junctions: lines along which N electric Z(N) domain walls come
together. They are instrumental in reconciling explicit perturbative
calculations at high temperature with the magnetic Z(N) symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128339 </DOCNO>
Deep HST Imaging of Sextans A I. The Spatially Resolved Recent Star


  We have measured stellar photometry from deep Cycle 7 Hubble Space
Telescope/WFPC2 imaging of the dwarf irregular galaxy Sextans A. The imaging
was taken in three filters: F555W ($V$; 8 orbits), F814W ($I$; 16 orbits), and
F656N (H$\alpha$; 1 orbit). Combining these data with Cycle 5 WFPC2
observations provides nearly complete coverage of the optically visible portion
of the galaxy. The Cycle 7 observations are nearly 2 magnitudes more sensitive
than the Cycle 5 observations, which provides unambiguous separation of the
faint blue helium burning stars (BHeB stars) from contaminant populations. The
depth of the photometry allows us to compare recent star formation histories
recovered from both the main sequence (MS) stars and the BHeB stars for the
last 300 Myr. The excellent agreement between these independent star formation
rate (SFR) calculations is a resounding confirmation for the legitimacy of
using the BHeB stars to calculate the recent SFR. Using the BHeB stars we have
calculated the global star formation history over the past 700 Myr. The history
calculated from the Cycle 7 data is remarkably identical to that calculated
from the Cycle 5 data, implying that both halves of the galaxy formed stars in
concert. We have also calculated the spatially resolved star formation history,
combining the fields from the Cycle 5 and Cycle 7 data. Our interpretation of
the pattern of star formation is that it is an orderly stochastic process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5273 </DOCNO>
Reconstructing the thermal Green functions at real times from those at


  By exploiting the analyticity and boundary value properties of the thermal
Green functions that result from the KMS condition in both time and energy
complex variables, we treat the general (non-perturbative) problem of
recovering the thermal functions at real times from the corresponding functions
at imaginary times, introduced as primary objects in the Matsubara formalism.
The key property on which we rely is the fact that the Fourier transforms of
the retarded and advanced functions in the energy variable have to be the
`unique Carlsonian analytic interpolations' of the Fourier coefficients of the
imaginary-time correlator, the latter being taken at the discrete Matsubara
imaginary energies, respectively in the upper and lower half-planes. Starting
from the Fourier coefficients regarded as `data set', we then develop a method
based on the Pollaczek polynomials for constructing explicitly their analytic
interpolations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41438 </DOCNO>
Centrality dependence of the expansion dynamics in Pb-Pb collisions at


  Two-particle correlation functions of negatively charged hadrons from Pb-Pb
collisions at 158 GeV/c per nucleon have been measured by the WA97 experiment
at the CERN SPS. A Coulomb correction procedure that assumes an expanding
source has been implemented. Within the framework of an expanding thermalized
source model the size and dynamical state of the collision fireball at
freeze-out have been reconstructed as a function of the centrality of the
collision. Less central collisions exhibit a different dynamics than central
ones: both transverse and longitudinal expansion velocities are slower, the
expansion duration is shorter and the system freezes out showing smaller
dimensions and higher temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95862 </DOCNO>
Universal graphs at the successor of a singular cardinal


  The paper is concerned with the existence of a universal graph at the
successor of a strong limit singular mu of cofinality aleph_0. Starting from
the assumption of the existence of a supercompact cardinal, a model is built in
which for some such mu there are mu^{++} graphs on mu^+ that taken jointly are
universal for the graphs on mu^+, while 2^{mu^+}>> mu^{++} . The paper also
addresses the general problem of obtaining a framework for consistency results
at the successor of a singular strong limit starting from the assumption that a
supercompact cardinal kappa exists. The result on the existence of universal
graphs is obtained as a specific application of a more general method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72344 </DOCNO>
A scalar-tensor cosmological model with dynamical light velocity


  The dynamical consequences of a bimetric scalar-tensor theory of gravity with
a dynamical light speed are investigated in a cosmological setting. The model
consists of a minimally-coupled self-gravitating scalar field coupled to
ordinary matter fields in the standard way through the metric:
$\metric_{\mu\nu}+B\partial_\mu\phi\partial_\nu\phi$. We show that in a
universe with matter that has a radiation-dominated equation of state, the
model allows solutions with a de Sitter phase that provides sufficient
inflation to solve the horizon and flatness problems. This behaviour is
achieved without the addition of a potential for the scalar field, and is shown
to be largely independent of its introduction. We therefore have a model that
is fundamentally different than the potential-dominated, slowly-rolling scalar
field of the standard models inflationary cosmology. The speed of gravitational
wave propagation is predicted to be significantly different from the speed of
matter waves and photon propagation in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75081 </DOCNO>
On the fermionic signature of the lattice monopoles


  We consider fermions in the field of static monopole-like configurations in
the Euclidean space-time. In all the cases considered there exists an infinite
number of zero modes, labeled by frequency i\omega. The existence of such modes
is a manifestation of instability of the vacuum in the presence of the
monopoles and massless fermions. In the Minkowski space the corresponding
phenomenon is well known and is a cornerstone of the theory of the magnetic
catalysis. Moreover, the well known zero mode of Jackiw and Rebbi corresponds
to the limiting case, \omega = 0. We provide arguments why the chiral
condensate could be linked to the density of the monopoles in the infrared
cluster. A mechanism which can naturally explain the equivalence of the
critical temperatures for the deconfinement and chiral transitions, is
proposed. We discuss possible implications for the phenomenology of the lattice
monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74256 </DOCNO>
Uraltsev Sum Rule in Bakamjian-Thomas Quark Models


  We show that the sum rule recently proved by Uraltsev in the heavy quark
limit of QCD holds in relativistic quark models \`a la Bakamjian and Thomas,
that were already shown to satisfy Isgur-Wise scaling and Bjorken sum rule.
This new sum rule provides a {\it rationale} for the lower bound of the slope
of the elastic IW function $\rho^2 \geq {3 \over 4}$ obtained within the BT
formalism some years ago. Uraltsev sum rule suggests an inequality
$|\tau_{3/2}(1)| > |\tau_{1/2}(1)|$. This difference is interpreted in the BT
formalism as due to the Wigner rotation of the light quark spin, independently
of a possible LS force. In BT models, the sum rule convergence is very fast,
the $n = 0$ state giving the essential contribution in most of the
phenomenological potential models. We underline that there is a serious
problem, in the heavy quark limit of QCD, between theory and experiment for the
decays $B \to D^*_{0,1}(broad) \ell \nu$, independently of any model
calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126103 </DOCNO>
Multi--dimensional Cosmological Radiative Transfer with a Variable


  We present a new approach to numerically model continuum radiative transfer
based on the Optically Thin Variable Eddington Tensor (OTVET) approximation.
Our method insures the exact conservation of the photon number and flux (in the
explicit formulation) and automatically switches from the optically thick to
the optically thin regime. It scales as N logN with the number of hydrodynamic
resolution elements and is independent of the number of sources of ionizing
radiation (i.e. works equally fast for an arbitrary source function).
  We also describe an implementation of the algorithm in a Soften Lagrangian
Hydrodynamic code (SLH) and a multi--frequency approach appropriate for
hydrogen and helium continuum opacities. We present extensive tests of our
method for single and multiple sources in homogeneous and inhomogeneous density
distributions, as well as a realistic simulation of cosmological reionization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4646 </DOCNO>
Gravitational instability of polytropic spheres and generalized


  We complete the existing literature on the structure and stability of
polytropic gas spheres reported in the classical monograph of Chandrasekhar
(1942). For isolated polytropes with index $1<n<5$, we provide a new,
alternative, proof that the onset of instability occurs for $n=3$ and we
express the perturbation profiles of density and velocity at the point of
marginal stability in terms of the Milne variables. Then, we consider the case
of polytropes confined within a box of radius $R$ (an extension of the Antonov
problem for isothermal gas spheres). For $n\ge 3$, the mass-density relation
presents some damped oscillations and there exists a limiting mass above which
no hydrostatic equilibrium is possible. Like for isothermal gas spheres, the
onset of instability occurs precisely at the point of maximum mass. Analytical
results are obtained for the particular index $n=5$. We also discuss the
relation of our study with extended thermodynamics (Tsallis entropy) recently
investigated by Taruya & Sakagami (cond-mat/0107494).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4878 </DOCNO>
Hole Mobility And Scattering Mechanism on Undoped MOCVD Grown of GaSb


  The temperature variation of partial mobility and effective mobility for
undoped p-GaSb have been calculated using Matthiessen rule. The effective
mobility depends on the ionized, acoustic, polar optical and non-polar optical
scattering processes. The analysis shows that the effective mobility for
undoped p-GaSb at room temperature is about 905 cm^2/Vs with the hole
concentration of about 10^16 cm^-3. The dependence of mobility on the hole
concentration at 300 K has been analyzed and shows that mobility decreases with
increasing hole concentrations. The result of this analysis then is used to
analyze the electronic properties of thin film undoped p-GaSb which grown by
MOCVD method. The films have been characterized using Hall-Van der Pauw method
to determine the mobilities and hole concentrations. Comparison between
experimental data and the theoretical analysis shows that the films have the
high level of impurities. Therefore the four scattering mechanisms are governed
the hole mobility of undoped p-GaSb at room temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169273 </DOCNO>
Correlation between plasma and temperature corrections to the Casimir


  When comparing experimental results with theoretical predictions of the
Casimir force, the accuracy of the theory is as important as the precision of
experiments. Here we evaluate the Casimir force when finite conductivity of the
reflectors and finite temperature are simultaneously taken into account. We
show that these two corrections are correlated, i.e. that they can not, in
principle, be evaluated separately and simply multiplied. We estimate the
correlation factor which measures the deviation from this common approximation.
We focus our attention on the case of smooth and plane plates with a metallic
optical response modeled by a plasma model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96379 </DOCNO>
Series Representation of the Modified Bessel Functions


  Some power series representations of the modified Bessel functions (McDonald
functions $K_{\alpha}$) are derived using the relatively little known formalism
of fractional derivatives. The resulting summation formulae are believed to be
new.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125308 </DOCNO>
The Great Austral Nearby Young Association


  Observing ROSAT sources in an area covering $\sim$30% of the Southern
Hemisphere, we found evidences for a great nearby association (GAYA),
comprising the proposed associations of Horologium (HorA) and the eastern part
of Tucana (TucA), formed by at least 44 Post-T Tauri stars. The stars of the
GAYA have similar space velocity components relative to the Sun (U, V, W) =
($-9.8 \pm 1.2, -21.7 \pm 1.1, -2.0 \pm 2.2$) km/s and their Li line
intensities are between those of the classical T Tauri stars and the ones of
the Local Association stars. The distances of the members of the GAYA cover an
interval of $\sim$70 pc, compatible with the angular size of $\sim60\deg$ and
in agreement with an initial velocity dispersion of $\sim$1.5 km/s and its
evolutive age. We found many other young stars, not members of the GAYA. We
also observed a control region near the equator, covering 700 square degrees,
where we found only four young stars. The overabundance of young stars near the
South Pole (by a factor of five) seems to show that there may be other young
associations not yet characterized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97886 </DOCNO>
Zeros of some bi-orthogonal polynomials


  Ercolani and McLaughlin have recently shown that the zeros of the
bi-orthogonal polynomials with the weight
$w(x,y)=\exp[-(V_1(x)+V_2(y)+2cxy)/2]$, relevant to a model of two coupled
hermitian matrices, are real and simple. We show that their argument applies to
the more general case of the weight $(w_1*w_2*...*w_j)(x,y)$, a convolution of
several weights of the same form. This general case is relevant to a model of
several hermitian matrices coupled in a chain. Their argument also works for
the weight $W(x,y)=e^{-x-y}/(x+y)$, $0\le x,y<\infty$, and for a convolution of
several such weights.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7484 </DOCNO>
Strong enhancement of current, efficiency and mass separation in


  We study a Brownian motor driven by a colored non Gaussian noise source with
a $q$-dependent probability distribution, where $q$ is a parameter indicating
the departure from Gaussianity. For $q=1$ the noise is Gaussian
(Ornstein--Uhlenbeck), while, for $q>1$, the probability distribution falls
like a power law. In the latter case, we find a marked enhancement of both the
current and the efficiency of the Brownian motor in the overdamped regime. We
also analyze the case with inertia and show that, again for $q > 1$, a
remarkable increase of the ratchet's mass separation capability is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4470 </DOCNO>
Ge-substitutional defects and the r3xr3 <--> 3x3 transition in


  The structure and energetics of Ge substitutional defects on the
alpha-Sn/Ge(111) surface are analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT)
molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. An isolated Ge defect induces a very local
distortion of the 3x3 reconstruction, confined to a significant downwards
displacement (-0.31 A) at the defect site and a modest upward displacement
(0.05 A) of the three Sn nearest neighbours with partially occupied dangling
bonds. Dynamical fluctuations between the two degenerate ground states yield
the six-fold symmetry observed around a defect in the experiments at room
temperature. Defect-defect interactions are controlled by the energetics of the
deformation of the 3x3 structure: They are negligible for defects on the
honeycomb lattice and quite large for a third defect on the hexagonal lattice,
explaining the low temperature defect ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3005 </DOCNO>
Anomalous NMR Magnetic Shifts in CeCoIn_5


  We report ^{115}In and ^{59}Co Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurements
in the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn_5 above and below T_c. The hyperfine
couplings of the In and Co are anisotropic and exhibit dramatic changes below
50K due to changes in the crystal field level populations of the Ce ions. Below
T_c the spin susceptibility is suppressed, indicating singlet pairing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125388 </DOCNO>
A Giant Air Shower Array in Nord Rhein Westfalen


  A proposal is presented to construct a very large air shower array in the
densely populated central area of Nord-Rhein-Westfalen (NRW). The aim would be
to reach a size of approximately 4000 km$^2$ to study the highest energy end of
the all particle cosmic ray spectrum, as it is accessible in the northern
hemisphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148146 </DOCNO>
Canonical quantization of the string with dynamical geometry and anomaly


  Hamiltonian formulation of the string with dynamical geometry and
two-dimensional gravity with torsion is given. Canonical Hamiltonian equals to
the linear combination of first class constraints satisfying closed algebra. It
is the semidirect sum of the Virasoro algebra and the abelian subalgebra
corresponding to the local Lorentz rotation. After making the canonical
transformation the theory is quantized. It is proved that there exists Fock
space representation of pure two-dimensional gravity with torsion containing no
central charge in the Virasoro algebra. Also constructed is the new Fock
representation of a standard bosonic string. It is shown that two-dimensional
string with dynamical geometry is anomaly free and describes two physical
degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125321 </DOCNO>
The X-ray spectrum of LSI+61o303


  It had been proposed earlier that the hard X-ray and gamma-ray radiation of
the Be/X-ray system LSI+61o303 could be due to inverse Compton scattering of
optical photons from the Be star by the same electron population which also
produces the radio emission. Recently, Apparao (2001) has calculated this
inverse Compton emission in more detail, and predicted that the X-ray spectrum
should show a break at around 20 keV. We investigated archival RXTE data, but
do not find such a break in the 2--25 keV range. The implications of this
finding are shortly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75649 </DOCNO>
Brane worlds with bolts


  We construct a family of (p+3)-dimensional brane worlds in which the brane
has one compact extra dimension, the bulk has two extra dimensions, and the
bulk closes regularly at codimension two submanifolds known as bolts. The
(p+1)-dimensional low energy spacetime M_{low} may be any Einstein space with
an arbitrary cosmological constant, the value of the bulk cosmological constant
is arbitrary, and the only fields are the metric and a bulk Maxwell field. The
brane can be chosen to have positive tension, and the closure of the bulk
provides a singularity-free boundary condition for solutions that contain black
holes or gravitational waves in M_{low}. The spacetimes admit a nonlinear
gravitational wave whose properties suggest that the Newtonian gravitational
potential on a flat M_{low} will behave essentially as the static potential of
a massless minimally coupled scalar field with Neumann boundary conditions.
When M_{low} is (p+1)-dimensional Minkowski with p\ge3 and the bulk
cosmological constant vanishes, this static scalar potential is shown to have
the long distance behaviour characteristic of p spatial dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75539 </DOCNO>
Oscillations of neutrinos and mesons in quantum field theory


  The controversies regarding the oscillation formula are reviewed. The
different existing quantum field treatments of oscillations are reconciled by a
thorough study of the external wave packet model. Stationary models are shown
to be a particular case of this model. All decoherence terms are computed
explicitly, so that it becomes clear that the coherence length tends to
infinity in the stationary limit. Decoherence is shown to originate not only in
the separation of wave packets, but also in their dispersion. Relativistic and
nonrelativistic oscillating particles are treated on the same footing. The
oscillation formula is derived for an unstable particle within the same
formalism. Finally, correlated oscillations are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75544 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium Chiral Dynamics and Effective Lagrangians


  We review our recent work on Chiral Lagrangians out of thermal equilibrium,
which are introduced to analyse the pion gas formed after a Relativistic Heavy
Ion Collision. Chiral Perturbation Theory is extended by letting $\fpi$ be time
dependent and allows to describe explosive production of pions in parametric
resonance. This mechanism could be relevant if hadronization occurs at the
chiral phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3633 </DOCNO>
Rate Equations for Sympathetic Cooling of Bose or Fermi Gases


  We derive two sets of rate equations for sympathetic cooling of harmonically
trapped Bose or Fermi gases. The rate equations are obtained by means of
decoherence and ergodicity arguments from a master equation derived earlier by
Lewenstein et al. [Phys. Rev. A 51 (1995) 4617]. The rate coefficients needed
in the rate equations are computed analytically and numerically. We solve the
two sets of rate equations numerically and compare the results. The predicted
cooling times obtained in both approaches agree very well, the equilibration
rates are in fair agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3895 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic ordering in a 90 K copper oxide superconductor


  Using elastic neutron scattering, we evidence a commensurate
antiferromagnetic Cu(2) order (AF) in the superconducting (SC) high-$\rm T_c$
cuprate $\rm YBa_2(Cu_{1-y}Co_y)_3O_{7+\delta}$ (y=0.013, $\rm T_c$=93 K). As
in the Co-free system, the spin excitation spectrum is dominated by a magnetic
resonance peak at 41 meV but with a reduced spectral weight. The substitution
of Co thus leads to a state where AF and SC cohabit showing that the CuO$_2$
plane is a highly antiferromagnetically polarizable medium even for a sample
where T$_c$ remains optimum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148565 </DOCNO>
Loop Equation and Wilson line Correlators in Non-commutative Gauge


  We investigate Schwinger-Dyson equations for correlators of Wilson line
operators in non-commutative gauge theories. We point out that, unlike what
happens for closed Wilson loops, the joining term survives in the planar
equations. This fact may be used to relate the correlator of an arbitrary
number of Wilson lines eventually to a set of {\it closed} Wilson loops,
obtained by joining the individual Wilson lines together by a series of
well-defined cutting and joining manipulations. For closed loops, we find that
the non-planar contributions do not have a smooth limit in the limit of
vanishing non-commutativity and hence the equations do not reduce to their
commutative counterparts. We use the Schwinger-Dyson equations to derive loop
equations for the correlators of Wilson observables. In the planar limit, this
gives us a {\it new} loop equation which relates the correlators of Wilson
lines to the expectation values of closed Wilson loops. We discuss perturbative
verification of the loop equation for the 2-point function in some detail. We
also suggest a possible connection between Wilson line based on an arbitrary
contour and the string field of closed string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179137 </DOCNO>
Quark model predictions for $K^*$ photoproduction on the proton


  The photoproduction of $K^*$ vector mesons is investigated in a quark model
with an effective Lagrangian. Including both baryon resonance excitations and
{\it t}-channel exchanges, observables for the reactions $\gamma p\to
K^{*0}\Sigma^+$ and $\gamma p\to K^{*+}\Sigma^0$ are predicted, using the
SU(3)-flavor-blind assumption of non-perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2087 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen-enhanced local plasticity in aluminum: an ab initio study


  Dislocation core properties of Al with and without H impurities are studied
using the Peierls-Nabarro model with parameters determined by ab initio
calculations. We find that H not only facilitates dislocation emission from the
crack tip but also enhances dislocation mobility dramatically, leading to
macroscopically softening and thinning of the material ahead of the crack tip.
We observe strong binding between H and dislocation cores, with the binding
energy depending on dislocation character. This dependence can directly affect
the mechanical properties of Al by inhibiting dislocation cross-slip and
developing slip planarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129041 </DOCNO>
NGC 6994 - clearly not a physical stellar ensemble


  The sparse stellar ensemble NGC 6994 = M73 has recently been discussed as a
possible remnant of an old open cluster. In order to solve the controversy on
the nature of this object we have taken high-resolution spectra of the six
brightest stars within 6' angular distance of its nominal position. These stars
are the only obvious member candidates for an eventual cluster or cluster
remnant since fainter stars do not show any significant concentration in the
plane of the sky. The radial velocities, atmospheric parameters, and absolute
magnitudes derived from the spectra reveal that the six candidates do not share
the same kinematics and lie at different distances from the Sun. The proper
motions provided by the Tycho-2 catalogue show that there is also a large
spread in the tangential motions of these stars, in agreement with the
spectroscopic results. This leads to the conclusion that the few bright stars
that constitute NGC 6994 are not a physical system (cluster, cluster remnant,
or group). They must instead be understood as a projective chance alignment of
physically unrelated field stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 929 </DOCNO>
Even-visiting random walks: exact and asymptotic results in one


  We reconsider the problem of even-visiting random walks in one dimension.
This problem is mapped onto a non-Hermitian Anderson model with binary
disorder. We develop very efficient numerical tools to enumerate and
characterize even-visiting walks. The number of closed walks is obtained as an
exact integer up to 1828 steps, i.e., some $10^{535}$ walks. On the analytical
side, the concepts and techniques of one-dimensional disordered systems allow
to obtain explicit asymptotic estimates for the number of closed walks of $4k$
steps up to an absolute prefactor of order unity, which is determined
numerically. All the cumulants of the maximum height reached by such walks are
shown to grow as $k^{1/3}$, with exactly known prefactors. These results
illustrate the tight relationship between even-visiting walks, trapping models,
and the Lifshitz tails of disordered electron or phonon spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81264 </DOCNO>
Continuum versus periodic lattice Monte Carlo approach to classical


  We compare the momentum space with the standard periodic lattice approach to
Monte Carlo calculations in classical $\phi^4$ field theory. We show that the
mismatch in the initial value of $\phi^2_{\text{cl}}(t)$, results in a shift in
the ``thermalized'' value, at large times. The two approaches converge to the
same result in the continuum limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168626 </DOCNO>
Quantum memory for photons: I. Dark state polaritons


  An ideal and reversible transfer technique for the quantum state between
light and metastable collective states of matter is presented and analyzed in
detail. The method is based on the control of photon propagation in coherently
driven 3-level atomic media, in which the group velocity is adiabatically
reduced to zero. Form-stable coupled excitations of light and matter
(``dark-state polaritons'') associated with the propagation of quantum fields
in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency are identified, their basic
properties discussed and their application for quantum memories for light
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179130 </DOCNO>
Mesonic cloud contribution to the nucleon and delta masses


  Pion-nucleon elastic scattering in the dominant $P_{33}$ channel is examined
in the model in which the interaction is of the form $\pi + N\leftrightarrow N,
\Delta(1232)$. New expressions are found for the elastic pion-nucleon
scattering amplitude which differ from existing formula both in the kinematics
and in the treatment of the renormalization of the nucleon mass and coupling
constant. Fitting the model to the phase shifts in the $P_{33}$ channel does
not uniquely fix the parameters of the model. The cutoff for the pion-nucleon
form factor is found to lie in the range $\beta = 750\pm350$ MeV/c. The masses
of the nucleon and the $\Delta$ which would arise if there were no coupling to
mesons are found to be $m_{_N}^{(0)}= 1200\pm 200$ MeV and $m_\Delta^{(0)} =
1500\pm 200$ MeV. The difference in these bare masses, a quantity which would
be accounted for by a residual gluon interaction, is found to be $\delta
m^{(0)}=350\pm 100$ MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72978 </DOCNO>
New Tests of Lorentz Invariance Following from Observations of the


  We use the recent reanalysis of multi-TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 501
to constrain the Lorentz invariance breaking parameter involving the maximum
electron velocity. Our limit is two orders of magnitude better than that
obtained from the maximum observed cosmic-ray electron energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149863 </DOCNO>
Superconformal Field Theories for Compact G_2 Manifolds


  We present the construction of exactly solvable superconformal field theories
describing Type II string models compactified on compact G_2 manifolds. These
models are defined by anti-holomorphic quotients of the form (CY*S^1)/Z_2,
where we realize the Calabi-Yau as a Gepner model. In the superconformal field
theory the Z_2 acts as charge conjugation implying that the representation
theory of a W(2,4,6,8,10) algebra plays an important role in the construction
of these models. Intriguingly, in all three examples we study, including the
quintic, the massless spectrum in the Z_2 twisted sector of the superconformal
field theory differs from what one expects from the supergravity computation.
This discrepancy is explained by the presence of a discrete NS-NS background
two-form flux in the Gepner model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72443 </DOCNO>
Factorization in Color-Favored B Meson Decays to Charm


  Improved $B$ meson decay data have permitted more incisive tests of
factorization predictions. A concurrent benefit is the ability to constrain the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|V_{cb}|$. Using a simultaneous fit
to differential distributions $d \Gamma(\ob \to D^{*+} l^- \bar \nu_l)/ dq^2$
measured by the CLEO and LEP Collaborations, the rates for the color-favored
decays $\ob \to D^{(*)+} (\pi^-,\rho^-,a_1^-)$, and the rate for $\ob \to D^+
l^- \bar \nu_l$, we find $|V_{cb}| = 0.0415 \pm 0.0022$. The slope of the
universal Isgur-Wise form factor is described by a parameter found to be $\rs =
1.52 \pm 0.11$. Taking the $D_s$ meson decay constant from the world average of
direct measurements, we predict satisfactorily the branching ratios for $\ob
\to D^{(*)+} D_s^{(*)-}$. Ratios of helicity amplitudes for color-favored
processes are also found to be in accord with predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114095 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic functions of harmonic Coulomb crystals


  Phonon frequency moments and thermodynamic functions (electrostatic and
vibrational parts of the free energy, internal energy, and heat capacity) are
calculated for bcc and fcc Coulomb crystals in the harmonic approximation with
a fractional accuracy within one part on 10^5. Temperature dependence of
thermodynamic functions is fitted by analytic formulas with an accuracy of a
few parts in 10^5. The static-lattice (Madelung) part of the free energy is
calculated with an accuracy about 10^{-12}. The Madelung constant and frequency
moments of hcp crystals are also computed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6187 </DOCNO>
Weak localization in InSb thin films heavily doped with lead


  The paper reports on the investigations of the weak localization (WL) effects
in 3D polycrystalline thin films of InSb. The films are closely compensated
showing the electron concentration n>10^{16} cm^{-3} at the total concentration
of the donor and acceptor type structural defects >10^{18} cm^{-3}. Unless
Pb-doped, the InSb films do not show any measurable or show very small WL
effect at 4.2 K. The Pb-doping to the concentration of the order of 10^{18}
cm^{-3} leads to pronounced WL effects below 7 K. In particular, a clearly
manifested SO scattering is observed. From the comparison of the experimental
data on temperature dependence of the magnetoresistivity and sample resistance
with the WL theory, the temperature dependence of the phase destroying time is
determined. The determination is performed by fitting theoretical terms
obtained from Kawabata's theory to experimental data on magnetoresistance. It
is concluded that the dephasing process is connected to three separate
interaction processes. The first is due to the SO scatterings and is
characterized by temperature-independent relaxation time. The second is
associated with the electron-phonon interaction. The third dephasing process is
characterized by independent on temperature relaxation time tau_c. This
relaxation time is tentatively ascribed to inelastic scattering at extended
structural defects, like grain boundaries. The resulting time dephasing time
shows saturation in its temperature dependence. The temperature dependence of
the resistance of the InSb<Pb> films can be explained by the electron-electron
interaction for T<1 K, and by the WL effect for T>2 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75337 </DOCNO>
Explicit Proof that Electroproduction of Transversely Polarized Vector


  By means of an explicit one-loop calculation, it is shown that the leading
twist contribution to the exclusive electroproduction of transversely polarized
vector mesons from the nucleon vanishes. This confirms the all-orders proof by
Collins and Diehl.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127362 </DOCNO>
Observations of Mkn 421 using Pachmarhi Array of \v{C}erenkov Telescopes


  Pachmarhi Array of \v{C}erenkov Telescopes (PACT), based on wavefront
sampling technique, has been used for detecting TeV gamma rays from galactic
and extra-galactic $\gamma $-ray sources. The Blazar, Mkn 421 was one such
extra-galactic source observed during the winter nights of 2000 and 2001. We
have carried out a preliminary analysis of the data taken during the nights of
January, 2000 and 2001. Results show a significant gamma ray signal from this
source during both these periods above a threshold energy of 900 GeV. The
source was contemporaneously observed by CAT imaging telescope during the first
episode of January 2000 while HEGRA CT1 was observing the source during the
second episode. Both these observations have detected variable $\gamma $-ray
emission this source and they reported that it was flaring during both these
periods. The light curve in the TeV gamma ray range derived from the first PACT
observations during both these episodes is in agreement with that reported by
other experiments. The analysis procedure and the preliminary results will be
presented and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169137 </DOCNO>
Quantum channel of continuous variable teleportation and nonclassicality


  Noisy teleportation of nonclassical quantum states via a two-mode
squeezed-vacuum state is studied with the completely positive map and the
Glauber-Sudarshan $P$-function. Using the nonclassical depth as a measure of
transmission performance, we compare the teleportation scheme with the direct
transmission through a noisy channel. The noise model is based on the coupling
to the vacuum field. It is shown that the teleportation channel has better
transmission performance than the direct transmission channel in a certain
region. The bounds for such region and for obtaining the nonvanished
nonclassicality of the teleported quantum states are also discussed. Our model
shows a reasonable agreement with the observed teleportation fidelity in the
experiment by Furusawa et al. [Science {\bf 282}, 706 (1998)]. We finally
mention the required conditions for transmitting nonclassical features in real
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6396 </DOCNO>
Correlation Differences in Heartbeat Fluctuations During Rest and


  We study the heartbeat activity of healthy individuals at rest and during
exercise. We focus on correlation properties of the intervals formed by
successive peaks in the pulse wave and find significant scaling differences
between rest and exercise. For exercise the interval series is anticorrelated
at short time scales and correlated at intermediate time scales, while for rest
we observe the opposite crossover pattern -- from strong correlations in the
short-time regime to weaker correlations at larger scales. We suggest a
physiologically motivated stochastic scenario to explain the scaling
differences between rest and exercise and the observed crossover patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5306 </DOCNO>
Mechanical Lamb-shift analogue for the Cooper-pair box


  We estimate the correction to the Cooper-pair box energy level splitting due
to the quantum motion of a coupled micromechanical gate electrode. While the
correction due to zero-point motion is very small, it should be possible to
observe thermal motion-induced corrections to the photon-assisted tunneling
current.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83692 </DOCNO>
Economic Models for Management of Resources in Grid Computing


  The accelerated development in Grid and peer-to-peer computing has positioned
them as promising next generation computing platforms. They enable the creation
of Virtual Enterprises (VE) for sharing resources distributed across the world.
However, resource management, application development and usage models in these
environments is a complex undertaking. This is due to the geographic
distribution of resources that are owned by different organizations. The
resource owners of each of these resources have different usage or access
policies and cost models, and varying loads and availability. In order to
address complex resource management issues, we have proposed a computational
economy framework for resource allocation and for regulating supply and demand
in Grid computing environments. The framework provides mechanisms for
optimizing resource provider and consumer objective functions through trading
and brokering services. In a real world market, there exist various economic
models for setting the price for goods based on supply-and-demand and their
value to the user. They include commodity market, posted price, tenders and
auctions. In this paper, we discuss the use of these models for interaction
between Grid components in deciding resource value and the necessary
infrastructure to realize them. In addition to normal services offered by Grid
computing systems, we need an infrastructure to support interaction protocols,
allocation mechanisms, currency, secure banking, and enforcement services.
Furthermore, we demonstrate the usage of some of these economic models in
resource brokering through Nimrod/G deadline and cost-based scheduling for two
different optimization strategies on the World Wide Grid (WWG) testbed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2102 </DOCNO>
Numerical Renormalization Group Analysis of Interacting Quantum Dots


  Wilson's Numerical Renormalization Group (NRG) is so far the only
nonperturbative technique that can reliably access low-energy properties of
quantum impurity systems. We present a recent extension of the method, the
DM-NRG, which yields highly accurate results for dynamical quantities at
arbitrary frequencies and temperatures. As an application, we determine the
spectrum of a quantum dot in an external magnetic field. Furthermore, we
discuss magnetic impurities with orbital degeneracy, which have been inferred
in recent experiments on quantum dots in an Aharonov-Bohm geometry. It is
demonstrated that for spinless electrons, interference between neighbouring
levels sets the low-energy scale of the system. Switching on an external field
leads to a remarkable crossover into a regime dominated by orbital Kondo
screening. We predict that the broadening-induced level splitting should be
clearly visible in measurements of the optical absorption power. A more general
model including the electron spin is studied within an extended two-band NRG
procedure. We observe competition between interference and Kondo screening,
similar to the situation in two-impurity models (RKKY).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124057 </DOCNO>
Diffuse Extragalactic Background Light versus Deep Galaxy Counts in the


  Deep optical and near-infrared galaxy counts are utilized to estimate the
extragalactic background light (EBL) coming from normal galactic light in the
universe. Although the slope of number-magnitude relation of the faintest
counts is flat enough for the count integration to converge, considerable
fraction of EBL from galaxies could still have been missed in deep galaxy
surveys because of various selection effects including the cosmological dimming
of surface brightness of galaxies. Here we give an estimate of EBL from galaxy
counts, in which these selection effects are quantitatively taken into account
for the first time, based on reasonable models of galaxy evolution which are
consistent with all available data of galaxy counts, size, and redshift
distributions. We show that the EBL from galaxies is best resolved into
discrete galaxies in the near-infrared bands (J, K) by using the latest data of
the Subaru Deep Field; more than 80-90% of EBL from galaxies has been resolved
in these bands. Our result indicates that the contribution by missing galaxies
cannot account for the discrepancy between the count integration and recent
tentative detections of diffuse EBL in the K-band (2.2 micron), and there may
be a very diffuse component of EBL which has left no imprints in known galaxy
populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129640 </DOCNO>
Near Infrared Observations of Galactic Black Hole Candidates


  We report on several European Southern Observatory (ESO) near-infrared (NIR)
observational campaigns aimed at understanding the nature of galactic black
hole candidates. Our results, including NIR photometry of the sources GRO
J1655-40, GRS 1739-278, GRS 1716-249, GRS 1121-68 and GX 339-4, show that all
the sources but GRO J1655-40 are consistent with low-mass stars as the
companion star of the binary system.
  By locating the counterparts on a colour-magnitude diagram (CMD), we better
constrain the spectral type of the companion star of three of the systems
considered here, and confirm a fourth one. The spectral types are respectively:
M0-5 V for GRS 1716-249, F8-G2 III for GX 339-4 and later than F5 V for GRS
1739-278. We confirm the already known spectral type of the companion in GRS
1121-68 (K0-5 V). The location of GRO J1655-40 on the CMD is consistent with
the sub-giant luminosity class and with this source crossing the Hertzsprung
gap. However, a non-stellar emission seems to contribute to the NIR flux of
this source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7558 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of unconventional superconductivity induced by skyrmion


  We propose a mechanism of unconventional superconductivity in two-dimensional
strongly-correlated electron systems. We consider a two-dimensional Kondo
lattice system or double-exchange system with spin-orbit coupling arising from
buckling of the plane. We show that a Chern-Simons term is induced for a gauge
field describing the phase fluctuations of the localized spins. Through the
induced Chern-Simons term, carriers behave like skyrmion excitations that lead
to a destruction mechanism of magnetic long-range order by carrier doping.
After magnetic long-range order is destroyed by carrier doping, the
Chern-Simons term plays a dominant role and the attractive interaction between
skyrmions leads to unconventional superconductivity. For the case of the
ferromagnetic interaction between the localized spins, the symmetry of the
Cooper pair is p-wave ($p_x \pm ip_y$). For the case of the antiferromagnetic
interaction between the localized spins, the symmetry of the Cooper pair is
d-wave ($d_{x^2-y^2}$). Applications to various systems are discussed, in
particular to the high-$T_c$ cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72715 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry breaking in 5-dimensional space-time with S**1/Z(2)


  We consider supersymmetric models in 5-dimensional space-time compactified on
S**1/Z(2) orbifold where N=2 supersymmetry is explicitly broken down to N=1 by
the orbifold projection. We find that the residual N=1 supersymmetry is broken
spontaneously by a stable classical wall-like field configurations which can
appear even in the simple models discussed. We also consider some simple models
of bulk fields interacting with those localized on the 4-dimensional boundary
wall where N=1 supersymmetry can survive in a rather non-trivial way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168647 </DOCNO>
Towards a tomographic picture of a Bose-Einstein condensate


  We investigate by means of numerical simulations the possibilities of
tomographic techniques applied to a Bose-Einstein condensate in order to
reconstruct its ground state. Essentially, two scenarios are considered for
which the density matrix elements can be retrieved from atom counting
probabilities. The methods presented here allow to distinguish among various
possible quantum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74794 </DOCNO>
Up and Down Quark Contributions to Spin Content of Lambda from


  We check the $u$ and $d$ quark contributions to the spin content of the
$\Lambda$ by means of the $q\to\Lambda$ fragmentation and find that the $u$ and
$d$ quarks of the $\Lambda$ are likely positively polarized. The parton
distributions in the $\Lambda$ are given by a successful statistical model
which can reproduce and correlate a vast body of polarized and unpolarized
structure function and parton distribution data of the nucleon. With the
Gribov-Lipatov relation between the quark distributions and fragmentation
functions, the longitudinal spin transfer for the $\Lambda$ production in the
polarized charged lepton deep inelastic scattering (DIS) process and the
$\Lambda$-polarization in the neutrino (antineutrino) DIS process are
predicted. The available experimental data suggests that the $u$ and $d$ quark
contributions to the spin of the $\Lambda$ are positive. In addition, our
results provide a collateral evidence for the SU(3) symmetry breaking in
hyperon semileptonic decays of the octet baryons, which is very important for a
deeper understanding of the proton 'spin crisis'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174817 </DOCNO>
Caloric curve of 8 GeV/c negative pion and antiproton + Au reactions


  The relationship between nuclear temperature and excitation energy of hot
nuclei formed by 8 GeV/c negative pion and antiproton beams incident on 197Au
has been investigated with the ISiS 4-pidetector array at the BNL AGS
accelerator. The double-isotope-ratio technique was used to calculate the
temperature of the hot system. The two thermometers used (p/d-3He/4He) and
(d/t-3He/4He) are in agreement below E*/A ~ 7 MeV when corrected for secondary
decay. Comparison of these caloric curves to those from other experiments shows
some differences that may be attributable to instrumentation and analysis
procedures. The caloric curves from this experiment are also compared with the
predictions from the SMM multifragmentation model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81322 </DOCNO>
Application of Maximum Entropy Method to Dynamical Fermions


  The Maximum Entropy Method is applied to dynamical fermion simulations of the
(2+1)-dimensional Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. This model is particularly
interesting because at T=0 it has a broken phase with a rich spectrum of
mesonic bound states and a symmetric phase where there are resonances, and
hence the simple pole assumption of traditional fitting procedures breaks down.
We present results extracted from simulations on large lattices for the
spectral functions of the elementary fermion, the pion, the sigma, the massive
pseudoscalar meson and the symmetric phase resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114070 </DOCNO>
Roles of polarization, phase and amplitude in solid immersion lens


  By altering the polarization, phase and amplitude at the exit pupil, the
intensity distribution near the focal plane of a Solid Immersion Lens(SIL)
system can be changed. We have studied how the resolution and focal depth
changes for a few particular cases. It was seen that by impinging radial
polarization on a SIL system, we may obtain a rotational symmetric z-component
of the focused wavefront with spot size similar to that predicted by scalar
theory. We also found that it was possible to 'play' with the the contributions
from the homogeneous and inhomogeneous waves behind the SIL by changing the
amplitude and phase distribution at the aperture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125950 </DOCNO>
Gigamasers: the key to the dust-obscured star-formation history of the


  We discuss the possibility of using OH and H2O gigamasers to trace the
redshift distribution of luminous, dust-obscured, star-forming galaxies. It has
long been thought that ultraluminous, interacting galaxies should host
gigamasers due to their vast pumping IR luminosity, the large column density of
molecules available to populate the maser states and the turbulent motion of
the gas in these dynamically complex systems which allows unsaturated maser
emission. OH masers may thus be well-suited to the redshift-blind detection of
ultraluminous and hyperluminous infrared galaxies (L_FIR >= 10^12 L_sun) such
as those uncovered by the SCUBA submillimetre camera. The bandwidth requirement
is low, <1 GHz for z=1-10 (lower still if additional redshift constraints are
available) and the dual-line 1665-/1667-MHz OH spectral signature can act as a
check on the reality of detections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126252 </DOCNO>
The Brightest AGB Stars in the Inner Bulge of M31


  JHK images with angular resolutions approaching the diffraction limit of the
3.6 meter Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope are used to investigate the bright AGB
content of the M31 bulge. The AGB-tip in a field 2.6 arcmin from the galaxy
center occurs at K = 15.6, which is significantly fainter than measured in
previous ground-based studies that sampled similar projected distances from the
center of M31. Within 2.6 arcmin of the center of M31 the number density of
bright AGB stars scales with r-band surface brightness, and the K brightness of
the AGB-tip does not vary measureably with radius. It is concluded that the
infrared bright AGB stars (1) belong to the bulge, and not the disk, and (2)
are well mixed throughout the inner bulge, suggesting that they formed at a
time when the overall structural properties of the M31 bulge were imprinted.
The bolometric luminosity functions of the M31 bulge and Baade's Window are in
excellent agreement, while the brightest AGB stars in the M31 bulge, the
Galactic bulge, and M32 have similar M_K. These data suggest that the brightest
stars in M32 and the bulges of M31 and the Milky-Way belong to an old,
metal-rich population; these stars are bright not because they have a young or
intermediate age, but because they have a high metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5634 </DOCNO>
Novel universality class of absorbing transitions with continuously


  The well-established universality classes of absorbing critical phenomena are
directed percolation (DP) and directed Ising (DI) classes. Recently, the pair
contact process with diffusion (PCPD) has been investigated extensively and
claimed to exhibit a new type of critical phenomena distinct from both DP and
DI class. We introduce a generalized version of the PCPD with a parameter
controlling the long-term memory effect. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that
this model belongs to a novel universality class with continuously varying
exponents. We conjecture that the long-term memory serves as a marginal
perturbation to the ordinary DP fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124659 </DOCNO>
Substellar Companions to Main Sequence Stars: No Brown Dwarf Desert at


  We use three field L and T dwarfs which were discovered to be wide companions
to known stars by the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) to derive a preliminary
brown dwarf companion frequency. Observed L and T dwarfs indicate that brown
dwarfs are not unusually rare as wide (Delta >1000 A.U.) systems to F-M0
main-sequence stars (M>0.5M_sun, M_V<9.5), even though they are rare at close
separation (Delta <3 A.U.), the ``brown dwarf desert.'' Stellar companions in
these separation ranges are equally frequent, but brown dwarfs are >~ 10 times
as frequent for wide than close separations. A brown dwarf wide-companion
frequency as low as the 0.5% seen in the brown dwarf desert is ruled out by
currently-available observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125478 </DOCNO>
The coronal FeXXI 1354.094 line in AB Doradus


  The active late-type star AB Doradus was observed in February 1996 with the
Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph of the Hubble Space Telescope using the
low resolution G140L grating. The observations covered one half of the star's
rotation cycle (P = 0.514 d) with 11.5 min time resolution. The strong coronal
Fe XXI 1354.094 line formed at 10^7 K was analysed and its emission measure
(EM) derived. This EM is much higher than that derived from recent XMM-Newton
observations (Guedel et al. 2001), and earlier EXOSAT (Collier Cameron et al.
1988) and ASCA/EUVE (Mewe et al. 1996) data, as well, requiring a variability
by a factor of 5. The physical reason for the variability remains unknown,
since (outside flares) the observed broad band variability of AB Dor is much
smaller.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167976 </DOCNO>
Casimir force between partially transmitting mirrors


  The Casimir force can be understood as resulting from the radiation pressure
exerted by the vacuum fluctuations reflected by boundaries. We extend this
local formulation to the case of partially transmitting boundaries by
introducing reflectivity and transmittivity coefficients obeying conditions of
unitarity, causality and high frequency transparency. We show that the
divergences associated with the infiniteness of the vacuum energy do not appear
in this approach. We give explicit expressions for the Casimir force which hold
for any frequency dependent scattering and any temperature. The corresponding
expressions for the Casimir energy are interpreted in terms of phase shifts.
The known results are recovered at the limit of a perfect reflection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5917 </DOCNO>
Cluster Growth in a Growing Tree Network


  We analyze a simple model for growing tree networks and find that although it
never percolates, there is an anomalously large cluster at finite size. We
study the growth of both the maximal cluster and the cluster containing the
original vertex and find that they obey power laws. This property is also
observed through simulations in a non-linear model with loops and a true
percolating phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168269 </DOCNO>
Classical programmability is enough for quantum circuits universality in


  It was shown by M.A. Nielsen and I.L. Chuang 1997, that it is impossible to
build strictly universal programmable quantum gate array, that could perform
any unitary operation precisely and it was suggested to use probabilistic gate
arrays instead. In present work is shown, that if to use more physical and weak
condition of universality (suggested already in earliest work by D.Deutsch
1985) and to talk about simulation with arbitrary, but finite precision, then
it is possible to build universal programmable gate array. But now the same
no-go theorem by Nielsen and Chuang will have new interesting consequence ---
controlling programs for the gate arrays can be considered as pure classical.
More detailed design of such deterministic quantum gate arrays universal ``in
approximate sense'' is considered in the paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149909 </DOCNO>
Exact Solutions to the Two-dimensional BF and Yang-Mills Theories in the


  It is shown that the BRS-formulated two-dimensional BF theory in the
light-cone gauge (coupled with chiral Dirac fields) is solved very easily in
the Heisenberg picture. The structure of the exact solution is very similar to
that of the BRS-formulated two-dimensional quantum gravity in the conformal
gauge. In particular, the BRS Noether charge has anomaly. Based on this fact, a
criticism is made on the reasoning of Kato and Ogawa, who derived the critical
dimension D=26 of string theory on the basis of the anomaly of the BRS Noether
charge. By adding the $\widetilde{B}^2$ term to the BF-theory Lagrangian
density, the exact solution to the two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory is also
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87278 </DOCNO>
Asymptotically Non-Static Kerr-deSitter Spacetime With No Event Horizon


  It has been shown in the presence of the cosmological constant any solution
of the Einstein field equations that asymptotically approaches to the static
deSitter metric does not correspond to an observer of a comoving frame but it
should approach to the deSitter metric in the form of Robertson-Walker metric
(gr-qc/9812092). For the case of Schwarzschild-deSitter its proper form had
been derived(gr-qc/9902009,JHEP04(1999)011). Here we are going to present our
derivations for a proper form of the Kerr-deSitter metric. This has been done
by considering the stationary axially-symmetric spacetime in which motion of
particle is integrable. That is the Hamilton-Jacobi and Klein-Gordon equations
are separable. As in the Schwarzschild-deSitter case it does not possess any
event horizon without imposing any additional conditions. Its intrinsic
singularity and surfaces of infinite redshifts remain the same as common Kerr
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85705 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Gravity Waves, Chaos, and Spinning Compact Binaries"


  Levin (gr-qc/9910040) has shown that spinning compact binaries can be chaotic at second
post-Newtonian order. However, when higher order dissipational effects are
included, the dynamics will no longer be chaotic, though the evolution may
still be unpredictable in a practical sense. I discuss some of the additional
work that needs to be done to decide how this unpredictability might affect
gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6455 </DOCNO>
An efficient algorithm for electronic-structure calculations


  We show how to adapt the quasi-Newton method to the electronic-structure
calculations using systematic basis sets. Our implementation requires less
iterations than the conjugate gradient method, while the computational cost per
iteration is much lower. The memory usage is also quite modest, thanks to the
efficient representation of the approximate Hessian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149773 </DOCNO>
M-Theory Giant Gravitons with C field


  We find giant graviton configurations of an M5-brane probe in the D=11
supergravity background generated by a stack of non-threshold (M2,M5) bound
states. The M5-brane probe shares three directions with the background and
wraps a two-sphere transverse to the bound states. For a particular value of
the worldvolume gauge field of the PST formalism, there exist solutions of the
equations of motion for which the M5-brane probe behaves as a wave propagating
in the (M2,M5) background. We have checked that the probe breaks the
supersymmetry of the background exactly as a massless particle moving along the
trajectory of its center of mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76662 </DOCNO>
Suppression of High-P_T Jets as a Signal for Large Extra Dimensions and


  We address the production of black holes at LHC in space times with
compactified space-like large extra dimensions (LXD). Final state black hole
production leads to suppression of high-P_T jets, i.e. a sharp cut-off in the
cross section for pp->jet+X. This signal is compared to the jet plus missing
energy signature due to graviton production in the final state as proposed by
the ATLAS collaboration. Time evolution and lifetimes of the newly created
black holes are calculated based on the microcanonical formalism. It is
demonstrated that previous lifetime estimates of micro black holes have been
dramatically underestimated. The creation of a large number of quasi-stable
black holes is predicted with life times beyond several hundred fm/c at LHC.
Medium modifications of the black holes evaporation rate due to the quark gluon
plasma in relativistic heavy ion collisions as well as provided by the cosmic
fluid in the early universe are studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76007 </DOCNO>
Transverse Asymmetry in Hadron Leptoproduction at Small x


  We consider double spin asymmetries for longitudinally polarized leptons and
transversally polarized protons in diffractive vector meson and $Q \bar Q$
production for the HERMES energy range on the basis of the two-gluon model. The
asymmetry predicted for meson production is quite small. Large asymmetry is
expected for $Q \bar Q$ production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168727 </DOCNO>
Everett and Structure


  I address the problem of indefiniteness in quantum mechanics: the problem
that the theory, without changes to its formalism, seems to predict that
macroscopic quantities have no definite values. The Everett interpretation is
often criticised along these lines and I shall argue that much of this
criticism rests on a false dichotomy: that the macroworld must either be
written directly into the formalism or be regarded as somehow illusory. By
means of analogy with other areas of physics, I develop the view that the
macroworld is instead to be understood in terms of certain structures and
patterns which emerge from quantum theory (given appropriate dynamics, in
particular decoherence). I extend this view to the observer, and in doing so
make contact with functionalist theories of mind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123938 </DOCNO>
Evolution of isolated neutron stars in globular clusters: number of


  With a simple model from the point of view of population synthesis we try to
verify an interesting suggestion made by Pfahl & Rappaport (2001) that dim
sources in globular clusters (GCs) can be isolated accreting neutron stars
(NSs). Simple estimates show, that we can expect about 0.5-1 accreting isolated
NS per typical GC with $M=10^5 M_{\odot}$ in correspondence with observations.
Properties of old accreting isolated NSs in GCs are briefly discussed. We
suggest that accreting NSs in GCs experienced significant magnetic field decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128048 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the Masses of the Binary Star HD 93205 by Application of


  We present a method to calculate masses for components of both eclipsing and
non-eclipsing binary systems as long as their apsidal motion rates are
available. The method is based on the fact that the equation that gives the
rate of apsidal motion is a supplementary equation that allows the computation
of the masses of the components, if the radii and the internal structure
constants of them can be obtained from theoretical models. For this reason the
use of this equation makes the method presented here model dependent.
  We apply this method to calculate the mass of the components of the
non-eclipsing massive binary system HD 93205 (O3V+O8V), which is suspected to
be a very young system. To this end, we computed a grid of evolutionary models
covering the mass range of interest, and taking the mass of the primary (M_1)
as the only independent variable, we solve the equation of apsidal motion for
M_1 as a function of the age of the system. The mass of the primary we find
ranges from M_1= 60+-19 msun for ZAMS models, which sets an upper limit for
M_1, down to M_1= 40+-9 msun for an age of 2 Myr. Accordingly, the upper limit
derived for the mass of the secondary (M_2= Q M_1) is M_2= 25 msun is in very
good agreement with the masses derived for other O8V stars occurring in
eclipsing binaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97224 </DOCNO>
Towards an Algebraic Characterization of 3-dimensional Cobordisms


  The goal of this paper is to find a close to isomorphic presentation of
3-manifolds in terms of Hopf algebraic expressions. To this end we define and
compare three different braided tensor categories that arise naturally in the
study of Hopf algebras and 3-dimensional topology. The first is the category
\Cob of connected surfaces with one boundary component and 3-dimensional
relative cobordisms, the second is a category \Tgl of tangles with relations,
and the third is a natural algebraic category \Alg freely generated by a Hopf
algebra object. From previous work we know that {\Tgl} and \Cob are equivalent.
We use this fact and the idea of Heegaard splittings to construct a surjective
functor from \Alg onto {\Cob}. We also find a map that associates to the
generators of the mapping class group in \Cob preimages in \Alg. The single
block relations in the mapping class group are verified for these expressions.
We propose to find a version of \Alg with possibly additional relations to
obatin isomorphic algebraic presentations of the mapping class groups and
eventually of \Cob.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129683 </DOCNO>
Changing Supercycle of the ER UMa-Type Star V1159 Ori


  We examined the VSNET light curve of the ER UMa-type star V1159 Ori. We
detected a large variation of the supercycle (the interval between successive
superoutbursts) between extremes of 44.6 and 53.3 d. The outburst activity was
also found to decrease when the supercycle was long. The observed variation of
the supercycle corresponds to a variation of ~40 % of the mass-transfer rate
from the secondary star, totally unexpected for this class of objects. We also
detected a hint of ~1800 d periodicity in the variation, whose period is close
to what has been suggested for solar-type cycles for cataclysmic variables
(CVs). If this periodicity is caused by the magnetic activity of the secondary
star, this detection constitutes the first clear evidence of continuing
magnetic activity in CV evolution, even after crossing the period gap. This
activity may partly explain still poorly understood origins of the high
mass-transfer rates in ER UMa-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73821 </DOCNO>
Structure Functions are not Parton Probabilities


  The common view that structure functions measured in deep inelastic lepton
scattering are determined by the probability of finding quarks and gluons in
the target is not correct in gauge theory. We show that gluon exchange between
the fast, outgoing partons and target spectators, which is usually assumed to
be an irrelevant gauge artifact, affects the leading twist structure functions
in a profound way. This observation removes the apparent contradiction between
the projectile (eikonal) and target (parton model) views of diffractive and
small x_{Bjorken} phenomena. The diffractive scattering of the fast outgoing
quarks on spectators in the target causes shadowing in the DIS cross section.
Thus the depletion of the nuclear structure functions is not intrinsic to the
wave function of the nucleus, but is a coherent effect arising from the
destructive interference of diffractive channels induced by final state
interactions. This is consistent with the Glauber-Gribov interpretation of
shadowing as a rescattering effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168857 </DOCNO>
Interference of probabilities and number field structure of quantum


  We study the probabilistic consequences of the choice of the basic number
field in quantum formalism. We demonstrate that by choosing a number field for
a linear space representation of quantum model it is possible to describe
various interference phenomena. We analyse interference of probabilistic
alternatives induced by real, complex, hyperbolic (Clifford) and p-adic
representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83957 </DOCNO>
An Overview of Computer security


  As more business activities are being automated and an increasing number of
computers are being used to store vital and sensitive information the need for
secure computer systems becomes more apparent. These systems can be achieved
only through systematic design; they cannot be achieved through haphazard
seat-of-the-pants methods.This paper introduces some known threats to the
computer security, categorizes the threats, and analyses protection mechanisms
and techniques for countering the threats. The threats have been classified
more so as definitions and then followed by the classifications of these
threats. Also mentioned are the protection mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77043 </DOCNO>
Recursive actions for scalar theories


  We introduce a class of self-interacting scalar theories in which the various
coupling contants obey a recursive relation. These imply a particularly simple
form for the generating function of the Feynman amplitudes with vanishing
external momenta, as well as for the effective potential. In addition we
discuss an interesting duality inherent in these models. Specializing to the
case of zero spacetime dimensions we find intriguing nullification properties
for the amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149355 </DOCNO>
Hodge-type self(antiself)-duality for general p-form fields in arbitrary


  It is often claimed [PST1] that the (Hodge type) duality operation is
defined only in even dimensional spacetimes and that self-duality is further
restricted to twice-odd dimensional spacetime theories.
  The purpose of this paper is to extend the notion of both duality symmetry as
well as self-duality.
  By considering tensorial doublets, we introduce a novel well-defined notion
of self-duality based on a duality Hodge-type operation in arbitrary dimension
and for any rank of these tensors. Thus, a generalized Self-Dual Action is
defined such that equations of motion are the claimed generalized self-duality
relations. We observe in addition, that taking the proper limit on the
parameters of this action, it always provides us with a master-action, which
interpolates models well-studied in physics; by considering a particular limit,
we find an action which describes an interesting type of relation, referred to
as semi-self-duality, which results to be the parent action between Maxwell-
type actions.
  Finally, we apply these ideas to construct manifest Hodge-type self-dual
solutions in a (2+1)-dimensional version of the Maxwell's theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126343 </DOCNO>
On the interpretation of the burst structure of GRBs


  Given the very accurate data from the BATSE experiment and RXTE and Chandra
satellites, we use the GRB 991216 as a prototypical case to test the EMBH
theory linking the origin of the energy of GRBs to the electromagnetic energy
of black holes. The fit of the afterglow fixes the only two free parameters of
the model and leads to a new paradigm for the interpretation of the burst
structure, the IBS paradigm. It leads as well to a reconsideration of the
relative roles of the afterglow and burst in GRBs by defining two new phases in
this complex phenomenon: a) the injector phase, giving rise to the proper-GRB
(P-GRB), and b) the beam-target phase, giving rise to the extended afterglow
peak emission (E-APE) and to the afterglow. Such differentiation leads to a
natural possible explanation of the bimodal distribution of GRBs observed by
BATSE. The agreement with the observational data in regions extending from the
horizon of the EMBH all the way out to the distant observer confirms the
uniqueness of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73938 </DOCNO>
Charmless Final States and S--D-wave mixing in the $\psi''$


  The $\ppp = \psi(3770)$ resonance is expected to be mainly $c \bar
c(1^3D_1)$, but tensor forces and coupling to charmed particle pairs can mix it
with $\pp(2^3S_1)$ and other states. Implications of this mixing for decays of
$\ppp$ to non-charmed final states are discussed. (i) The ratio $\Gamma(\ppp
\to \gamma + \chi_{c2})/ \Gamma(\ppp \to \gamma + \chi_{c0})$ is expected to be
highly suppressed if $\ppp$ is a pure D-wave state, and is enchanced by mixing.
(ii) The expected decay $\pp \to \rho \pi$ and other ``missing'' modes can
appear as corresponding $\ppp$ partial widths, enhanced by a factor depending
on the mixing angle. General arguments then suggest a branching ratio of about
1%, give or take a factor of 2, for charmless hadronic decays of $\ppp$. (iii)
Enhancements can appear in penguin amplitudes in B decays, $B \to K \eta'$
branching ratios, and direct CP-violating asymmetries in $B \to K \pi$ decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2295 </DOCNO>
Field theoretic calculation of scalar turbulence


  The cascade rate of passive scalar and Bachelor's constant in scalar
turbulence are calculated using the flux formula. This calculation is done to
first order in perturbation series. Batchelor's constant in three dimension is
found to be approximately 1. In higher dimension, the constant increases as
$d^{1/3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168945 </DOCNO>
A Non-Adiabatic Controlled Not Gate for the Kane Solid State Quantum


  The method of iterated resolvents is used to obtain an effective Hamiltonian
for neighbouring qubits in the Kane solid state quantum computer. In contrast
to the adiabatic gate processes inherent in the Kane proposal we show that free
evolution of the qubit-qubit system, as generated by this effective
Hamiltonian, combined with single qubit operations, is sufficient to produce a
controlled-NOT (c-NOT) gate. Thus the usual set of universal gates can be
obtained on the Kane quantum computer without the need for adiabatic switching
of the controllable parameters as prescribed by Kane. Both the fidelity and
gate time of this non-adiabatic c-NOT gate are determined by numerical
simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97935 </DOCNO>
Square-integrability modulo a subgroup


  A new proof of Imprimitivity theorem for transitive systems of covariance is
given and a definition of square-integrable representation modulo a subgroup is
proposed. This clarifies the relation between coherent states, wavelet
transforms and covariant localisation observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96848 </DOCNO>
Quiver varieties and t-analogs of q-characters of quantum affine


  Let us consider a specialization of a non-twisted quantum affine algebra of
type $ADE$ at a nonzero complex number, which may or may not be a root of
unity. The Grothendieck ring of its finite dimensional representations has two
bases, simple modules and standard modules. We identify entries of the
transition matrix with special values of ``computable'' polynomials, similar to
Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. At the same time we ``compute'' $q$-characters for
all simple modules. The result is based on ``computations'' of Betti numbers of
graded/cyclic quiver varieties. (The reason why we put `` '' will be explained
in the end of the introduction.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125232 </DOCNO>
M82-F: A Doomed Super Star Cluster?


  We present high dispersion echelle spectroscopy of the very luminous, young
super star cluster (SSC) `F' in M82, obtained with the 4.2-m William Herschel
Telescope (WHT), for the purpose of deriving its dynamical mass and assessing
whether it will survive to become an old globular cluster. We measure a stellar
velocity dispersion of 13.4 +/- 0.7 km/s, a projected half-light radius of 2.8
+/- 0.3 pc from archival HST/WFPC2 images, and derive a dynamical mass of 1.2
+/- 0.1 x 10^6 solar masses, demonstrating that M82-F is a very massive,
compact cluster. We determine that the current visual luminosity-to-mass ratio
for M82-F is 45 +/- 13. Comparison with spectral synthesis models shows that
the visual luminosity-to-mass ratio is a factor of 5 higher than that predicted
for a standard Kroupa (2001) initial mass function (IMF) at the well-determined
age for M82-F of 60 +/- 20 Myr. This high value of the visual
luminosity-to-mass ratio indicates a deficit of low mass stars in M82-F; the
current mass function (MF) evidently is `top-heavy'. We find that a lower mass
cutoff of 2-3 solar masses is required to match the observations for a MF with
a slope of 2.3. Since the cluster apparently lacks long-lived low mass stars,
it will not become an old globular cluster. We also derive up-dated
luminosity-to-mass ratios for the younger SSCs NGC 1569A and NGC 1705-1. We
discuss the implications of our findings in the context of large scale IMF
variations; with the present data the top-heavy MF could reflect a local mass
segregation effect during the birth of the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1384 </DOCNO>
Metastable states of a driven flux lattice in a superconductor with


  The flux lattice driven by a uniform driving force in a superconductor with
hot, strong, sharp and randomly distributed pinning centers, with applied
magnetic field half the matching field is simulated. At low temperature both a
non activated regime, where flux motion occurs within a robust percolative flux
flow channel, and an activated regime are obtained depending on the sample
preparation. These two regimes exhibit distinct resistivity and magnetic
induction. In the non activated regime, a clear fingerprint is observed in the
autocorrelation function of the longitudinal resitivity, which oscillates at a
frequency close to the inverse lattice diffusion time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76359 </DOCNO>
Control System of the Bepcii


  Recently the Chinese Academy of Sciences has chosen BEPCII as the future
development of the BEPC, i.e. upgrade of both the machine and detector. The
luminosity of the machine is expected to increase to 1.0x1033cm-2s-1. The
project will be started at the beginning of 2002 and finished with in 3-4
years. The BEPC control system was built in 1987 and upgraded in 1994.
According to the design of the BEPCII, a double ring schema will be adopted and
a number of new devices will be added in the system. The existing control
system has to be upgraded. The BEPCII will be distributed architecture and
developed by EPICS. We are going to apply the standard hardware interfaces and
mature technologies in the system. A number of VME IOCs will be added in the
system and the feildbus, PLCs will be used as device control for some kind of
equipment. We will keep the existing system in use, such as CAMAC modules and
PC front-ends, and merge it into EPICS system. Recently the development of the
prototype is in progress. This paper will describe the system design and
development issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126754 </DOCNO>
A multi-Lorentzian timing study of the atoll sources 4U 0614+09 and 4U


  We present the results of a multi-Lorentzian fit to the power spectra of two
kilohertz QPO sources; 4U 0614+09 and 4U 1728-34. This work was triggered by
recent results of a similar fit to the black-hole candidates (BHCs) GX 339-4
and Cyg X-1 by Nowak in 2000. We find that one to six Lorentzians are needed to
fit the power spectra of our two sources. The use of exactly the same fit
function reveals that the timing behaviour of 4U 0614+09 and 4U 1728-34 is
almost identical at luminosities which are about a factor 5 different. As the
characteristic frequency of the Lorentzians we use the frequency, nu_max, at
which each component contributes most of its variance per log frequency as
proposed by Belloni, Psaltis & van der Klis in 2001. When using nu_max instead
of the centroid frequency of the Lorentzian, the recently discovered hectohertz
Lorentzian is practically constant in frequency. We use our results to test the
suggestions by, respectively, Psaltis Belloni and van der Klis in 1999 and
Nowak in 2000 that the two Lorentzians describing the high-frequency end of the
broad-band noise in BHCs in the low state can be identified with the kilohertz
QPOs in the neutron star low mass X-ray binaries. We find, that when the two
kilohertz QPOs are clearly present, the low-frequency part of the power
spectrum is too complicated to draw immediate conclusions from the nature of
the components detected in any one power spectrum. However, the relations we
observe between the characteristic frequencies of the kilohertz QPOs and the
band-limited noise, when compared to the corresponding relations in BHCs, hint
towards the identification of the second-highest frequency Lorentzian in the
BHCs with the lower kilohertz QPO. They do not confirm the identification of
the highest-frequency Lorentzian with the upper kilohertz QPO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98492 </DOCNO>
Constructing elliptic curves with a given number of points over a finite


  In using elliptic curves for cryptography, one often needs to construct
elliptic curves with a given or known number of points over a given finite
field. In the context of primality proving, Atkin and Morain suggested the use
of the theory of complex multiplication to construct such curves. One of the
steps in this method is the calculation of the Hilbert class polynomial H_D(X)
modulo some integer p for a certain fundamental discriminant D. The usual way
of doing this is to compute H_D(X) over the integers and then reduce modulo p.
But this involves computing the roots with very high accuracy and subsequent
rounding of the coefficients to the closest integer.(Such accuracy issues also
arise for higher genus cases.) We present a modified version of the Chinese
remainder theorem (CRT)to compute H_D(X) modulo p directly from the knowledge
of H_D(X) modulo enough small primes. Our algorithm is inspired by Couveigne's
method for computing square roots in the number field sieve, which is useful in
other scenarios as well. It runs in heuristic expected time less than the CRT
method in [CNST]. Moreover, our method requires very few digits of precision to
succeed, and avoids calculating the exponentially large coefficients of the
Hilbert class polynomial over the integers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5813 </DOCNO>
Natural Entanglement in Bose-Einstein Condensates


  Every Bose-Einstein condensate is in a highly entangled state, as a
consequence of the fact that the particles in a condensate are distributed over
space in a coherent way. It is proved that any two regions within a condensate
of finite particle number are entangled. This entanglement does not depend on
the distance between the two regions. Criteria for the presence of entanglement
are derived in the context of interference experiments. For separable states
there is a trade-off between fluctuations in particle number and interference
visibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76711 </DOCNO>
Statistical J/psi production and open charm enhancement in Pb+Pb


  Production of open and hidden charm hadrons in heavy ion collisions is
considered within the statistical coalescence model. Charmed quarks and
antiquarks are assumed to be created at the initial stage of the reaction and
their number is conserved during the evolution of the system. They are
distributed among open and hidden charm hadrons at the hadronization stage in
accordance with laws of statistical mechanics. The model is in excellent
agreement with the experimental data on J/psi production in lead-lead
collisions at CERN SPS and predicts strong enhancement of the open charm
multiplicity over the standard extrapolation from nucleon-nucleon to
nucleus-nucleus collisions. A possible mechanism of the charm enhancement is
proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96045 </DOCNO>
Multiple polylogarithms and mixed Tate motives


  We develop the theory of multiple polylogarithms from analytic, Hodge and
motivic point of view. Define the category of mixed Tate motives over a ring of
integers in a number field. Describe explicitly the multiple polylogarithm Hopf
algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41540 </DOCNO>
Production Asymmetry Measurement of High Xt Hadrons in pp Collisions at


  Single-spin asymmetries for hadrons have been measured in collisions of
transversely-polarized 40 GeV/c proton beam with an unpolarized liquid hydrogen
target. The asymmetries were measured for pi+-, K+-, protons and antiprotons,
produced in the central region (0.02 < Xf < 0.10 and 0.7 < Pt < 3.4 GeV/c).
Asymmetries for pi+-, K+- and antiprotons show within measurement errors the
linear dependence on Xt and change a sign near 0.37. For protons negative
asymmetry, independent of Xt has been found. The results are compared with
those of other experiments and SU(6) model predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148874 </DOCNO>
Open String Fields As Matrices


  We present a new representation of the string vertices of the cubic open
string field theory. By using this three-string vertex, we attempt to identify
open string fields as huge-sized matrices by following Witten's idea. By using
these huge matrices, we obtain some results about the construction of partial
isometries in the algebra of open string fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81376 </DOCNO>
The Maximal Abelian Gauge, Monopoles, and Vortices in SU(3) Lattice


  We report on calculations of the heavy quark potential in SU(3) lattice gauge
theory. Full SU(3) results are compared to three cases which involve
gauge-fixing and projection. All of these start from the maximal abelian gauge
(MAG), in its simplest form. The first case is abelian projection to U(1)xU(1).
The second keeps only the abelian fields of monopoles in the MAG. The third
involves an additional gauge-fixing to the indirect maximal center gauge
(IMCG), followed by center projection to Z(3). At one gauge
fixing/configuration, the string tensions calculated from MAG U(1)xU(1), MAG
monopoles, and IMCG Z(3) are all less than the full SU(3) string tension. The
projected string tensions further decrease, by approximately 10%, when account
is taken of gauge ambiguities. Comparison is made with corresponding results
for SU(2). It is emphasized that the formulation of the MAG is more subtle for
SU(3) than for SU(2), and that the low string tensions may be caused by the
simple MAG form used. A generalized MAG for SU(3) is formulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168331 </DOCNO>
The dissipative dynamics of the field of two-photon Jaynes-Cummings


  We present the dissipative dynamics of the field of two-photon
Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) with Stark shift in dispersive approximation and
investigate the influence of dissipation on entanglement. We show the coherence
properties of the field can be affected by the dissipative cavity when
nonlinear two-photon process is involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96809 </DOCNO>
Morita theory for Hopf algebroids and presheaves of groupoids


  Comodules over Hopf algebroids are of central importance in algebraic
topology. It is well-known that a Hopf algebroid is the same thing as a
presheaf of groupoids on Aff, the opposite category of commutative rings. We
show in this paper that a comodule is the same thing as a quasi-coherent sheaf
over this presheaf of groupoids. We prove the general theorem that internal
equivalences of presheaves of groupoids with respect to a Grothendieck topology
on Aff give rise to equivalences of categories of sheaves in that topology. We
then show using faithfully flat descent that an internal equivalence in the
flat topology gives rise to an equivalence of categories of quasi-coherent
sheaves. The corresponding statement for Hopf algebroids is that weakly
equivalent Hopf algebroids have equivalent categories of comodules. We apply
this to formal group laws, where we get considerable generalizations of the
Miller-Ravenel and Hovey-Sadofsky change of rings theorems in algebraic
topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81064 </DOCNO>
Asymptotically free models and discrete non-Abelian groups


  We study the two-dimensional renormalization-group flow induced by
perturbations that reduce the global symmetry of the O(3) sigma-model to the
discrete symmetries of Platonic solids. We estimate the value of the
correlation length at which differences in the behaviour of the various models
should be expected. For the icosahedron model, we find xi > 200. We provide an
explanation for the recent numerical results of Patrascioiu and Seiler and of
Hasenfratz and Niedermayer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95747 </DOCNO>
Unipotency and semistability of overconvergent F-crystals


  In this paper (part of the author's PhD thesis), we introduce the notions of
semistability and potential semistability of overconvergent F-crystals over an
equal characteristic local field. We establish their equivalence with the
notions of unipotency and quasi-unipotency given by Crew, and to recast the
conjecture that every overconvergent crystal is quasi-unipotent in terms of
potential semistability. Consequences, including an extension of de Jong's
extension theorem for F-crystals to the logarithmic case, will appear in a
subsequent paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179210 </DOCNO>
A novel scenario for the production of antihyperons in relativistic


  We elaborate on our recent suggestion on antihyperon production in
relativistic heavy ion collisions by means of multi-mesonic (fusion-type)
reactions. It will be shown that the (rare) antihyperons are driven towards
chemical equilibrium with pions, nucleons and kaons on a timescale of 1--3 fm/c
in a still moderately baryon-dense hadronic environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169313 </DOCNO>
Quantum computing with four-particle decoherence-free states in ion trap


  Quantum computing gates are proposed to apply on trapped ions in
decoherence-free states. As phase changes due to time evolution of components
with different eigenenergies of quantum superposition are completely frozen,
quantum computing based on this model would be perfect. Possible application of
our scheme in future ion-trap quantum computer is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76191 </DOCNO>
Study of Rare $B_c^+\to D_{d,s}^{(*) +}l\bar{l}$ Decays


  We study the rare decays of $B_c^+\to D_{q}^{(*)+}l\bar{l}$ ($q=d,s$ and
$l=\nu_l,e,\mu,\tau)$ in the standard model. The form factors are evaluated in
the light front and constituent quark models, respectively. We find that the
decay branching ratios calculated in the two models for $B_c^+\to D^+_q
l\bar{l}$ agree well with each other, whereas those for $B_c^+\to
D_q^{*+}l\bar{l}$ are different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41346 </DOCNO>
Linear Collider Physics


  We report on a study of the physics potential of linear $e^+e^-$ colliders.
Although a linear collider (LC) would support a broad physics program, we focus
on the contributions that could help elucidate the origin of electroweak
symmetry breaking. Many extensions of the standard model have a decoupling
limit, with a Higgs boson similar to the standard one and other, higher-mass
states. Mindful of such possibilities, we survey the physics of a (nearly)
standard Higgs boson, as a function of its mass. We also review how
measurements from an LC could help verify several well-motivated extensions of
the standard model. For supersymmetry, we compare the strengths of an LC with
the LHC. Also, assuming the lightest superpartner explains the missing dark
matter in the universe, we examine other places to search for a signal of
supersymmetry. We compare the signatures of several scenarios with extra
spatial dimensions. We also explore the possibility that the Higgs is a
composite, concentrating on models that (unlike technicolor) have a Higgs boson
with mass of a few hundred GeV or less. Where appropriate, we mention the
importance of high luminosity, for example to measure branching ratios of the
Higgs, and the importance of multi-TeV energies, for example to explore the
full spectrum of superpartners.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3944 </DOCNO>
Spin torque in a magnetic trilayer coupled to a superconductor


  A ferromagnet-normal-metal-ferromagnet trilayer does not conserve spin
current and as a result, the conduction electrons can create a torque on the
magnetic moments. When the trilayer is connected to a superconducting
electrode, the spin torque created by a current flowing perpendicularly to the
trilayer can drive the system to a configuration where the two magnetic moments
are perpendicular to each other. Here we argue that in contrast to the
non-equilibrium torque, the equilibrium torque (or magnetic exchange
interaction) does not single out the perpendicular configuration. We calculate
the equilibrium torque for a one-dimensional lattice model and find that it is
sensitive to the presence of the superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41046 </DOCNO>
B Physics at LEP and SLD


  Recent B physics results from LEP and SLD are reviewed. In particular,
results of B lifetimes, semileptonic B decays, charm counting, CKM matrix
elements, and mixing are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75782 </DOCNO>
$B\to \tau^+ \tau^- \gamma $ decay in the general two Higgs doublet


  We investigate the differential branching ratio, branching ratio,
differential forward-backward asymmetry, the forward-backward asymmetry of the
lepton pair and the lepton polarization asymmetry of the exclusive $B\to \tau^+
\tau^- \gamma$ decay in the general two Higgs doublet model including the
neutral Higgs boson effects. We analyse the dependencies of these quantities on
the model parameters and also on the neutral Higgs boson effects. We found that
they get considerable enhancement from the two Higgs doublet model compared to
the standard model and neutral Higgs boson effects are quite sizable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126369 </DOCNO>
The local Poisson hypothesis for solar flares


  The question of whether flares occur as a Poisson process has important
consequences for flare physics. Recently Lepreti et al. presented evidence for
local departure from Poisson statistics in the Geostationary Operational
Environmental Satellite (GOES) X-ray flare catalog. Here it is argued that this
effect arises from a selection effect inherent in the soft X-ray observations;
namely that the slow decay of enhanced flux following a large flare makes
detection of subsequent flares less likely. It is also shown that the power-law
tail of the GOES waiting-time distribution varies with the solar cycle. This
counts against any intrinsic significance to the appearance of a power law, or
to the value of its index.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6887 </DOCNO>
Topological Phases near a Triple Degeneracy


  We study the pattern of three state topological phases that appear in systems
with real Hamiltonians and wave functions. We give a simple geometric
construction for representing these phases. We then apply our results to
understand previous work on three state phases. We point out that the ``mirror
symmetry'' of wave functions noticed in microwave experiments can be simply
understood in our framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4626 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional antiferromagnetic q-state Potts models: application of


  We apply a newly proposed Monte Carlo method, the Wang-Landau algorithm, to
the study of the three-dimensional antiferromagnetic q-state Potts models on a
simple cubic lattice. We systematically study the phase transition of the
models with q=3, 4, 5 and 6. We obtain the finite-temperature phase transition
for q= 3 and 4, whereas the transition temperature is down to zero for q=5. For
q=6 there exists no order for all the temperatures. We also study the
ground-state properties. The size-dependence of the ground-state entropy is
investigated. We find that the ground-state entropy is larger than the
contribution from the typical configurations of the broken-sublattice-symmetry
state for q=3. The same situations are found for q = 4, 5 and 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114116 </DOCNO>
Channeling of Charged Particles Through Periodically Bent Crystals: on


  We discuss radiation generated by positrons channeling in a crystalline
undulator. The undulator is produced by periodically bending a single crystal
with an amplitude much larger than the interplanar spacing. Different
approaches for bending the crystal are described and the restrictions on the
parameters of the bending are established. We present the results of numeric
calculations of the spectral distributions of the spontaneous emitted radiation
and estimate the conditions for stimulated emission. Our investigations show
that the proposed mechanism provides an efficient source for high energy
photons, which is worth to be studied experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148228 </DOCNO>
Branes Ending On Branes In A Tachyon Model


  In a tachyon model proposed by Minahan and Zwiebach and derived in the
boundary string field theory, we construct various new solutions which
correspond to nontrivial brane configurations in string theory. Our solutions
include Dp-D(p-2) bound states, (F, Dp) bound states, string junctions,
D(p-2)-branes ending on a Dp-brane, D(p-2)-branes suspended between parallel
Dp-branes and their non-commutative generalizations. We find the Bogomol'nyi
bounds and the BPS equations for some of our solutions, and check the physical
consistency of our solutions with the D-brane picture by looking at the
distributions of their energies and RR-charges in space. We also give
conjectures for a few other brane configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124736 </DOCNO>
Mechanical Feedback: From stellar wind bubbles to starbursts


  The current understanding of mechanical feedback is reviewed by evaluating
the standard, adiabatic model for shell formation and evolution. This model is
relevant to phenomena ranging from individual stellar-wind bubbles to galactic
superwinds, forming the basis for our understanding of the multiphase ISM, IGM,
and galactic evolutionary processes. Although significant discrepancies between
the model and observation have been identified, to date there are none that
require a fundamental revision. A variety of evidence, ranging over three
orders of magnitude in spatial scale, is broadly consistent with the standard
model. This includes kinematics of individual objects, observations of hot gas,
the size distribution of HI shells, and outflow rates from starburst galaxies.
However, some of the most pressing issues relating to shell evolution are still
outstanding and obstruct efforts to resolve key questions like the fate of the
hot gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96020 </DOCNO>
Computing K-theory and Ext for graph C*-algebras


  K-theory and Ext are computed for the C*-algebra C*(E) of any countable
directed graph E. The results generalize the K-theory computations of Raeburn
and Szymanski and the Ext computations of Tomforde for row-finite graphs. As a
consequence, it is shown that if A is a countable {0,1} matrix and E_A is the
graph obtained by viewing A as a vertex matrix, then C*(E_A) is not necessarily
Morita equivalent to the Exel-Laca algebra O_A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168395 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on ``Proposal for the Measurement of Bell-Type


  Recently K. Banaszek, I. A. Walmsley, K. Wodkiewicz (quant-ph/0012097)
commented on our Proposal for the Measurement of Bell-Type Correlations from
Continuous Variables [T. C. Ralph, W. J. Munro, R. E. S. Polkinghorne, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 85, 2035 (2000)]. Their comment is based on a blatant misreading and
misunderstanding of our letter and as such is simply wrong.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113732 </DOCNO>
The SU(2) Yang-Mills Fields Must be Massive


  The massive Lagrangian for W and Z is deduced from the canonical massless
one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6198 </DOCNO>
Phase-Field Model of Stressed Incoherent Solid-Solid Interfaces


  We introduce a new phase-field model which allows for simulation of
incoherent solid/solid transformations. Contrary to previous models which
impose coherency at the interface, the zero shear-stress condition
characteristic of incoherent solids is recovered in the limit of small
interface thickness. For the sake of clarity, we limit ourselves to the case of
stress-driven phase transitions between two elastic solids. However, since we
use a variational formulation which has a clear thermodynamic interpretation,
the extension of the model to the cases of chemical and/or thermal diffusion is
straightforward.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123997 </DOCNO>
Binned Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Power Spectra: Peak


  We use weighted mean and median statistics techniques to combine individual
cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy detections and determine binned,
multipole-space, CMB anisotropy power spectra. The resultant power spectra are
peaked. The derived weighted-mean CMB anisotropy power spectrum is not a good
representation of the individual measurements in a number of multipole-space
bins, if the CMB anisotropy is Gaussian and correlations between individual
measurements are small. This could mean that some observational error bars are
underestimated, possibly as a consequence of undetected systematic effects.
Discarding the most discrepant 5% of the measurements alleviates but does not
completely resolve this problem. The median-statistics power spectrum of this
culled data set is not as constraining as the weighted-mean power spectrum.
Nevertheless it indicates that there is more power at multipoles $\ell \sim
150-250$ than is expected in an open cold dark matter (CDM) model, and it is
more consistent with a flat CDM model. Unlike the weighted-mean power spectrum,
the median-statistics power spectrum at $\ell \sim 400-500$ does not exclude a
second peak in the flat CDM model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95777 </DOCNO>
Singularities of Pairs via Jet Schemes


  Let X be a smooth variety and Y a closed subscheme of X. By comparing motivic
integrals on X and on a log resolution of (X,Y), we prove the following formula
for the log canonical threshold of (X,Y): c(X,Y)=dim X-sup_m{(dim Y_m}/(m+1)},
where Y_m is the mth jet scheme of Y. We show how this formula can be used to
study the log canonical threshold. In particular, we give a proof of the
Semicontinuity theorem of Demailly and Koll\'ar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148490 </DOCNO>
Spin-3/2 Fermions in Twistor Formalism


  Consistency conditions for the local existence of massless spin 3/2 fields
has been explored that the field equations for massless helicity 3/2 are
consistent iff the space-time is Ricci-flat and that in Minkowski space-time
the space of conserved charges for the fields is its twistor space itself.
After considering the twistorial methods to study such massless helicity 3/2
fields, we derive in flat space-time that the charges of spin-3/2 fields
defined topologically by the first Chern number of their spin-lowered self-dual
Maxwell fields, are given by their twistor space, and in curved space-time that
the (anti-)self-duality of the space-time is the necessary condition. Since in
N=1 supergravity torsions are the essential ingredients, we generalize our
space-time to that with torsion (Einstein-Cartan theory) and have investigated
the consistency of existence of spin 3/2 fields in it. A simple solution is
found that the space-time has to be conformally (anti-)self-dual, left-(or
right-)torsion-free. The integrability condition on $\alpha$-surface shows that
the (anti-)self-dual Weyl spinor can be described only by the covariant
derivative of the right-(left-)handed-torsion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4192 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Wigner crystallization in two dimensional lattice models


  The quantum-classical crossover from the Fermi liquid towards the Wigner
solid is numerically revisited, considering small square lattice models where
electrons interact via a Coulomb $U/r$ potential. The studies of models without
disorder and spin and including disorder and spin show that the electron solid
is formed in two stages, giving rise to an intriguing solid-liquid regime at
intermediate couplings

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81350 </DOCNO>
Extraction of K-->pipi Matrix Elements with Wilson Fermions


  We present the status of a lattice calculation for the K-->pipi matrix
elements of the (delta S=1) effective weak Hamiltonian, directly with two pion
in the final state. We study the energy shift of two pion in a finite volume
both in the I=0 and I=2 channels. We explain a method to avoid the Goldstone
pole contamination in the computation of renormalization constants for (delta
I=3/2) operators. Finally we show some preliminary results for the matrix
elements of (delta I=1/2) operators. Our quenched simulation is done at
beta=6.0, with Wilson fermions, on a (24^3 X 64) lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75540 </DOCNO>
U(2)-like Flavor Symmetries and Approximate Bimaximal Neutrino Mixing


  Models involving a U(2) flavor symmetry, or any of a number of its
non-Abelian discrete subgroups, can explain the observed hierarchy of charged
fermion masses and CKM angles. It is known that a large neutrino mixing angle
connecting second and third generation fields may arise via the seesaw
mechanism in these models, without a fine tuning of parameters. Here we show
that it is possible to obtain approximate bimaximal mixing in a class of models
with U(2)-like Yukawa textures. We find a minimal form for Dirac and Majorana
neutrino mass matrices that leads to two large mixing angles, and show that our
result can quantitatively explain atmospheric neutrino oscillations while
accommodating the favored, large angle MSW solution to the solar neutrino
problem. We demonstrate that these textures can arise in models by presenting a
number of explicit examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148093 </DOCNO>
Star Product for Second Class Constraint Systems from a BRST Theory


  We explicitly quantize the general second-class constrained system at the
level of deformation quantization such that the quantization is covariant with
respect to local coordinates on the phase space. The approach is based on
constructing the effective first-class constraint (gauge) system equivalent to
the original second-class one and can also be understood as a far-going
generalization of the Fedosov quantization. The effective gauge system is
quantized by the BFV--BRST procedure. The star product for the Dirac bracket is
explicitly constructed as the quantum multiplication of BRST observables. We
introduce and explicitly construct a Dirac bracket counterpart of the
symplectic connection, called the Dirac connection. We identify a particular
star product associated with the Dirac connection for which the constraints are
in the center of the respective star-commutator algebra; when reduced to the
constraint surface, this star product can be recognized as a Fedosov one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1137 </DOCNO>
Magnetotransport Scaling in Anomalous Metallic Phase near the Mott


  The Hall angle in the doped V_2O_3 is discussed on the basis of an extended
Ginzburg-Landau theory of spin fluctuations. A spinon-like collective transport
process beyond the ordinary quasiparticle transport theory is necessary to
understand the experiment. At the same time a criticism of a quasiparticle
transport theory on the basis of the fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation
is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73461 </DOCNO>
Bloch-Nordsieck Violation in Spontaneously Broken Abelian Theories


  We point out that, in a spontaneously broken U(1) gauge theory, inclusive
processes, whose primary particles are mass eigenstates that do not coincide
with the gauge eigenstates, are not free of infrared logarithms. The charge
mixing allowed by symmetry breaking and the ensuing Bloch-Nordsieck violation
are here analyzed in a few relevant cases and in particular for processes
initiated by longitudinal gauge bosons. Of particular interest is the example
of weak hypercharge in the Standard Model where, in addition, left-right mixing
effects arise in transversely polarized fermion beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3031 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of the interplay between magnetism and high-temperature


  The copper-oxide based high temperature superconductors have complex phase
diagrams with multiple ordered phases. It even appears that the highest
superconducting transition temperatures for certain cuprates are found in
samples which display simultaneous onset of magnetism and superconductivity. We
show here how the thermodynamics of fluid mixtures - a touchstone for chemists
as well as hard and soft condensed matter physics - accounts for this startling
observation, as well as many other properties of the cuprates in the vicinity
of the instability towards ``striped'' magnetism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97356 </DOCNO>
On the largest eigenvalue of a sparse random subgraph of the hypercube


  We consider a sparse random subraph of the $n$-cube where each edge appears
independently with small probability $p(n) =O(n^{-1+o(1)})$. In the most
interesting regime when $p(n)$ is not exponentially small we prove that the
largest eigenvalue of the graph is asymtotically equal to the square root of
the maximum degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127578 </DOCNO>
Detection of H3+ in the interstellar medium of IRAS 08572+3915


  The first detection of the molecular ion H3+ in an extragalactic object has
been made toward the highly obscured ultraluminous galaxy, IRAS 08572+3915. Two
absorption features near 3.9 microns in its spectrum are identified as the
redshifted 3.668 microns doublet and 3.716 microns singlet lines of H3+, both
previously detected in a number of galactic molecular and diffuse clouds. We
discuss the probable location of the H3+ in this galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4069 </DOCNO>
How round is round?


  Accuracy in complex dielectric permittivity calculations in binary dielectric
mixtures in two-dimensions are reported by taking into account the shape of the
inclusion phase. The dielectric permittivity of the mixtures were calculated
using the finite element, and the permittivities were estimated by two
different procedures. The results were compared with those of analytical models
based on mean field approximation and regular arrangement of disks. We have
approached the problem emphasizing the finite-size behavior in which regular
polygons with $n$ sides were assumed to mimic the disk inclusion phase. It was
found that at low concentrations, $< 30 %$, considering an decagon ($n=10$)
cause an error of $<0.1 %$ in the effective medium quantities compared with the
results obtained using the analytical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1930 </DOCNO>
Electronic Structures of Quantum Dots and the Ultimate Resolution of


  The orbital angular momentum L as an integer can be ultimately factorized as
a product of prime numbers. We show here a close relation between the
resolution of L and the classification of quantum states of an N-electron
2-dimensional system. In this scheme, the states are in essence classified into
different types according to the m(k)-accessibility, namely the ability to get
access to symmetric geometric configurations. The m(k)-accessibility is an
universal concept underlying all kinds of 2-dimensional systems with a center.
Numerical calculations have been performed to reveal the electronic structures
of the states of the dots with 9 and 19 electrons,respectively. This paper
supports the Laughlin wave finction and the composite fermion model from the
aspect of symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97215 </DOCNO>
Generalization of a theorem of Waldspurger to nice representations


  A theorem of Waldspurger states that the Fourier transform of a stable
distribution on the Lie algebra of a simply-connected semisimple group $G$ over
a p-adic field, is again stable. We generalize this theorem to representations
whose generic stabilizer subgroup is connected and reductive (assuming that $G$
is simple). In this more general situation the Fourier transform of a stable
distribution is stable up to a sign that we describe explicitly. The proof is
based on the $p$-adic stationary phase principle and on the global techniques
introduced by Kottwitz for stabilization of the trace formula. As an
application of our main theorem, we find the explicit diagonalization of the
gamma-matrix for the prehomogeneous space of symmetric $n\times n$ matrices
over a p-adic field (for odd $n$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86522 </DOCNO>
The first law of black brane mechanics


  We obtain ADM and Komar surface integrals for the energy density, tension and
angular momentum density of stationary $p$-brane solutions of Einstein's
equations. We use them to derive a Smarr-type formula for the energy density
and thence a first law of black brane mechanics. The intensive variable
conjugate to the worldspace p-volume is an `effective' tension that equals the
ADM tension for uncharged branes, but vanishes for isotropic boost-invariant
charged branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96161 </DOCNO>
Covering AlgebrasI: Extended Affine Lie Algebras


  Covering Algebras of extended affine Lie algebras(EALA's) relative to finite
order automorphisms are studied. Conditions are given for when the resulting
algebra is again an EALA. This paper deals with affinizations of EALA's
relative to finite order automorphisms and these algebras are generalizations
of the affine Kac-Moody Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96006 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial Tangent Space and Rational Smoothness of Schubert


  Following Contou-Carrere [CC], we consider the Bott-Samelson resolution of a
Schubert variety as a variety of galleries in the Tits building associated to
the situation. We prove that the rational smoothness of a Schubert variety can
be expressed in terms of a subspace of the Zariski tangent space called, the
combinatorial tangent space. For this, we use a characterization of rational
smoothness of a Schubert variety introduced by Carrell and Peterson [CP].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129549 </DOCNO>
Shocks, illumination cones and intrinsic gas structures in the extreme


  We present deep, narrow-band and continuum images of the powerful z=0.811
radio galaxy 3C265, taken with the TTF on the WHT, together with detailed
long-slit spectroscopic observations along the axis defined by the UV/optical
emission elongation. The deep images reveal the existence of cones in the
ionization structure within ~7 arcsec (58 kpc) of the nucleus, where the
emission-line structure is not closely aligned with the radio axis. This
indicates that anisotropic illumination from the central AGN dominates on a
small scale. At larger distances (>10 arcsec) from the nucleus, low-ionization
emission gas is closely aligned with the radio axis, suggesting that jet-cloud
interactions may be the dominant mechanism in the line-emitting gas on a larger
scale. Moreover, the presence of a high-velocity cloud at 2.5 arcsec from the
nucleus, close to the radio axis, indicates that even close to the nucleus
jet-induced shocks have an important kinematic effect. While on a large scale
the low-ionization emission-line structures are aligned with the radio axis, on
a smaller scale, where AGN-photoionization dominates, the highest surface
brightness structure is aligned with the closest companion galaxy. This suggest
that much of the emission-line structure reflects the intrinsic gas
distribution, rather than the ionization pattern imprinted by the radio jets or
by AGN illumination. Overall, our results underline the need for a variety of
mechanisms to explain the properties of the extended emission-line gas of radio
galaxies (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127845 </DOCNO>
Re-examining the X-Ray versus Spin-Down Luminosity Correlation of


  The empirical relation between the X-ray luminosity (in the 2-10 keV band)
and the rate of spin-down energy loss of a sample of 37 pulsars is re-examined
considering recent data from ASCA, RXTE, BeppoSAX, Chandra, and XMM-Newton. The
data show a significant scatter around an average correlation computed
including statistical and systematic errors. All the X-ray luminosities are
found to lie below a critical line corresponding to a maximum efficiency of
conversion of rotational energy into X-rays varying between 0.1 and 80%. The
large dispersion of the X-ray luminosity below the critical line indicates that
other physical parameters uncorrelated with the period and period derivative
need to be included to account for the observed emission at X-ray energies. We
indicate a few possibilities that all conspire to lower the luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76982 </DOCNO>
Omega, J/psi and psi' Production in Nuclear Collisions and Quark Gluon


  The transverse mass spectra of Omega, J/psi and psi' in Pb+Pb collisions at
158 AGeV are studied within a hydrodynamical model of the quark gluon plasma
expansion and hadronization. The model reproduces the existing data with the
common hadronization parameters: temperature T=T_H = 170 MeV and average
collective transverse velocity v_T = 0.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 131 </DOCNO>
Universal scaling functions for bond percolation on planar random and


  Percolation models with multiple percolating clusters have attracted much
attention in recent years. Here we use Monte Carlo simulations to study bond
percolation on $L_{1}\times L_{2}$ planar random lattices, duals of random
lattices, and square lattices with free and periodic boundary conditions, in
vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, and with various aspect ratio
$L_{1}/L_{2}$. We calculate the probability for the appearance of $n$
percolating clusters, $W_{n},$ the percolating probabilities, $P$, the average
fraction of lattice bonds (sites) in the percolating clusters, $<c^{b}>_{n}$
($<c^{s}>_{n}$), and the probability distribution function for the fraction
$c$ of lattice bonds (sites), in percolating clusters of subgraphs with $n$
percolating clusters, $f_{n}(c^{b})$ ($f_{n}(c^{s})$). Using a small number of
nonuniversal metric factors, we find that $W_{n}$, $P$, $<c^{b}>_{n}$
($<c^{s}>_{n}$), and $f_{n}(c^{b})$ ($f_{n}(c^{s})$) for random lattices, duals
of random lattices, and square lattices have the same universal finite-size
scaling functions. We also find that nonuniversal metric factors are
independent of boundary conditions and aspect ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150058 </DOCNO>
On SUSY Breaking And \chiSB From String Duals


  We find regular string duals of three dimensional N=1 SYM with a Chern-Simons
interaction at level k for SO and Sp gauge groups. Using the string dual we
exactly reproduce the conjectured pattern of supersymmetry breaking proposed by
Witten by showing that there is dynamical supersymmetry breaking for k<h/2
while supersymmetry remains unbroken for k>= h/2, where h is the dual Coxeter
number of the gauge group. We also find regular string duals of four
dimensional N=1 SYM for SO and Sp gauge groups and exactly reproduce the
expected pattern of chiral symmetry breaking Z_{2h}--> Z_2 by analyzing the
symmetries of the string solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148363 </DOCNO>
Conformal Boundary Conditions and what they teach us


  The question of boundary conditions in conformal field theories is discussed,
in the light of recent progress. Two kinds of boundary conditions are examined,
along open boundaries of the system, or along closed curves or ``seams''.
Solving consistency conditions known as Cardy equation is shown to amount to
the algebraic problem of finding integer valued representations of (one or two
copies of) the fusion algebra. Graphs encode these boundary conditions in a
natural way, but are also relevant in several aspects of physics ``in the
bulk''. Quantum algebras attached to these graphs contain information on
structure constants of the operator algebra, on the Boltzmann weights of the
corresponding integrable lattice models etc. Thus the study of boundary
conditions in Conformal Field Theory offers a new perspective on several old
physical problems and offers an explicit realisation of recent mathematical
concepts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75573 </DOCNO>
Complex flavour couplings in supersymmetry and unexpected CP-violation


  Complex flavour couplings (off-diagonal mass terms) in the squark sector of
supersymmetric theories may drastically alter both the rate and the
CP-violating asymmetry of certain B-meson decays. We consider the effects of
couplings that induce b -> s transitions and lead to final state with
strangeness one. We investigate the bounds that must be satisfied by the new
terms and explore the possible implications on direct and mixing induced
asymmetries in the charged and neutral B -> J/Psi K and B -> phi K decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169160 </DOCNO>
A stationary source of non-classical or entangled atoms


  A scheme for generating continuous beams of atoms in non-classical or
entangled quantum states is proposed and analyzed. For this the recently
suggested transfer technique of quantum states from light fields to collective
atomic excitation by Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage [M.Fleischhauer and
M.D. Lukin, Phys.Rev.Lett. 84, 5094 (2000)] is employed and extended to matter
waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3891 </DOCNO>
Generalizing the Extensive Postulates


  We addressed the problem of generalizing the extensive postulates of the
standard thermodynamics in order to extend it to the study of nonextensive
systems. We did it in analogy with the traditional analysis, starting from the
microcanonical ensemble, but this time, considering its equivalence with some
generalized canonical ensemble in the thermodynamic limit by means of the
scaling properties of the fundamental physical observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168754 </DOCNO>
Correlations in quantum systems and branch points in the complex plane


  Branch points in the complex plane are responsible for avoided level
crossings in closed and open quantum systems. They create not only an exchange
of the wave functions but also a mixing of the states of a quantum system at
high level density. The influence of branch points in the complex plane on the
low-lying states of the system is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126693 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical constraints on a possible neutrino ball at the Galactic


  The nature of the massive object at the Galactic Center (Sgr A$^{*}$) is
still unclear even if various observational campaigns led many authors to
believe that our Galaxy hosts a super-massive black hole with mass $M\simeq
2.6\times 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$. However, the black hole hypothesis, which
theoretically implies a luminosity $\simeq 10^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$, runs into
problems if one takes into account that the observed luminosity, from radio to
$\gamma$-ray wavelengths, is below $10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$. In order to solve
this blackness problem, alternative models have been recently proposed. In
particular, it has been suggested that the Galactic Center hosts a ball made up
by non-baryonic matter (e.g. massive neutrinos and anti-neutrinos) in which the
degeneracy pressure of fermions balances their self-gravity. Requiring to be
consistent with all the available observations towards the Galactic Center
allows us to put severe astrophysical constraints on the neutrino ball
parameters. The presence of such an object in the Galactic Center may be
excluded if the constituent neutrino mass $m_{\nu}$ is $\ut> 24$ keV, while if
$m_{\nu}\ut< 24$ keV observations can not give a definite answer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127033 </DOCNO>
Populations of Dwarfs in Clusters of Galaxies: Environmental Connections


  Despite their apparent fragile appearance, dwarf spheroidals are the most
common galaxy type in clusters. In this paper we consider some of the issues
associated with two major models for the origin of these dwarfs: primeval
galaxies which formed with the cluster and the modification of accreted
systems. We argue that the present observational evidence, derived from the
Virgo and Perseus clusters, points to infall as the origin of many of these
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149232 </DOCNO>
The linear spectrum of OSp(32|1) Chern-Simons supergravity in eleven


  We study linearized perturbations of eleven-dimensional $OSp(32|1)$
Chern-Simons supergravity. The action contains a term that changes the value of
the cosmological constant, as considered by Horava. It is shown that the
spectrum contains a 3-form and a 6-form whose field strengths are dual to each
other, thus providing a link with the eleven-dimensional supergravity of
Cremmer, Julia and Scherk. The linearized equations for the graviton and
Rarita-Schwinger field are shown to be the standard ones as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40851 </DOCNO>
Measuring sin 2\beta in Bs(t) -> phi K_s


  We show that, unlike other pure b -> d penguin processes, the decay Bs(t) ->
phi K_s is dominated by a single amplitude, that of the internal t-quark. The
contributions of the u- and c-quark operators each vanish due to a cancellation
between the (V-A) \otimes (V-A) and (V-A) \otimes (V+A) matrix elements. Thus,
the indirect CP asymmetry in this decay probes sin 2\beta. Although this
cancellation is complete only for certain values of the s- and b-quark masses,
the theoretical uncertainty on sin 2\beta is still less than 10% over most
(~80%) of the parameter space. By measuring the direct CP asymmetry, one can
get a better idea of the probable error on sin 2\beta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76622 </DOCNO>
Designer mesons for exploring factorization in b decays


  I explain how various aspects of factorization in exclusive b decays can be
studied with mesons having a small decay constant or spin greater than one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1510 </DOCNO>
Experimental Evidence for a Spin-Polarized Ground State in the \nu=5/2


  We study the \nu=5/2 even-denominator fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE)
over a wide range of magnetic (B) field in a heterojunction insulated gate
field-effect transistor (HIGFET). The electron density can be tuned from n=0 to
7.6 \times 10^{11} cm^{-2} with a peak mobility \mu = 5.5 \times 10^6 cm^2/Vs.
The \nu=5/2 state shows a strong minimum in diagonal resistance and a
developing Hall plateau at magnetic fields as high as 12.6T. The strength of
the energy gap varies smoothly with B-field. We interpret these observations as
strong evidence for a spin-polarized ground state at \nu=5/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169251 </DOCNO>
A family of exact eigenstates for a single trapped ion interacting with


  We show that, under certain combinations of the parameters governing the
interaction of a harmonically trapped ion with a laser beam, it is possible to
find one or more exact eigenstates of the Hamiltonian, with no approximations
except the optical rotating-wave approximation. These are related via a unitary
equivalence to exact eigenstates of the full Jaynes-Cummings model (including
counter-rotating terms) supplemented by a static driving term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149972 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Alain Connes' approach to the standard model


  Our 1992 remarks about Alain Connes' interpretation of the standard model
within his theory of non-commutative riemannian spin manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40834 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the relative branching ratio BR(\Xi_c^+ \to p^+


  We report the observation of the Cabibbo suppressed decay \Xi_c^+ \to p
K^-\pi^+ using data collected with the FOCUS spectrometer during the 1996--97
Fermilab fixed target run. We find a \Xi_c^+ signal peak of 202\pm35 events. We
have measured the relative branching ratios BR(\Xi^+_c\to p
K^-\pi^+)/BR(\Xi^+_c\to\Xi^-\pi^+\pi^+)= 0.234 \pm 0.047 \pm 0.022 and
BR(\Xi^+_c\to p \bar{K}^*(892)^0)/BR(\Xi^+_c\to p K^-\pi^+)= 0.54 \pm 0.09 \pm
0.05 .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75161 </DOCNO>
Fast simulation of the Cherenkov light from showers


  A method for fast simulation of the Cherenkov light generated by
electromagnetic showers is described. The parametrization for the longitudinal
profile is used and fluctuations and correlations of the parameters are taken
into account in a consistent way. Our method dramatically reduces the CPU time
and its results are in a rather good agreement with a full Monte Carlo
simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148056 </DOCNO>
The general form of the star-product on the Grassman algebra


  We study the general form of the noncommutative associative product (the
star-product) on the Grassman algebra; the star-product is treated as a
deformation of the usual "pointwise" product. We show that up to a similarity
transformation, there is only one such product. The relation of the algebra
${\cal F}$, the algebra of elements of the Grassman algebra with the
star-product as a product, to the Clifford algebra is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4388 </DOCNO>
How to be master of your domains


  Prepare a two-species BEC in a perfectly phase-mixed state. By applying Rabi
drives, one can tune the range of wavelengths of phase-separating excitations
that are dynamically unstable. Yada yada yada, this determines the
characteristic sizes of the eventual spin domains. The trapping potential is
neglected because it makes life hard, but of course this is a terrible
approximation, and the results are of only inspirational value. Since this is
thus a rather trivial calculation, the very modest increase in kudos that might
accrue from journal publication does not seem to outweigh the grief of having
to change the title.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2104 </DOCNO>
Does theory of quantum correction to conductivity agree with


  The quantum correction to the conductivity have been studied in two types of
2D heterostructures: with doped quantum well and doped barriers. The consistent
analysis shows that in the structures where electrons occupy the states in
quantum well only, all the temperature and magnetic field dependencies of the
components of resistivity tensor are well described by the theories of quantum
corrections. The contribution of electron-electron interaction to the
conductivity have been determined reliably in the structures with different
electron density. A possible reason of large scatter in experimental data
concerning the contribution of electron-electron interaction, obtained in
previous papers, and the role of the carriers, occupied the states of the doped
layers, is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73025 </DOCNO>
Spin structure in non-forward partons


  Renormalisation induces anomalous contributions in light-cone correlation
functions. We discuss the role of the axial anomaly and gluon topology in
non-forward parton distributions noting that non-forward matrix elements of the
gluonic Chern-Simons current K_{\mu} are not gauge-invariant even in
perturbation theory. The axial anomaly means that one has to be careful how to
interpret information from hard exclusive reactions about the orbital
angular-momentum carried by the proton's internal constituents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5555 </DOCNO>
Growth Exponent in the Domany-Kinzel Cellular Automaton


  In a roughening process, the growth exponent $\beta$ describes how the
roughness $w$ grows with the time $t$: $w\sim t^{\beta}$. We determine the
exponent $\beta$ of a growth process generated by the spatiotemporal patterns
of the one dimensional Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton. The values obtained
for $\beta$ shows a cusp at the frozen/active transition which permits
determination of the transition line. The $\beta$ value at the transition
depends on the scheme used: symmetric ($\beta \sim 0.83$) or non-symmetric
($\beta \sim 0.61$). Using damage spreading ideas, we also determine the
active/chaotic transition line; this line depends on how the replicas are
updated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150026 </DOCNO>
String Theory on G_2 Manifolds Based on Gepner Construction


  We study the type II string theories compactified on manifolds of $G_2$
holonomy of the type $({Calabi-Yau 3-fold} \times S^1)/\bz_2$ where $CY_3$
sectors realized by the Gepner models. We construct modular invariant partition
functions for $G_2$ manifold for arbitrary Gepner models of the Calabi-Yau
sector. We note that the conformal blocks contain the tricritical Ising model
and find extra massless states in the twisted sectors of the theory when all
the levels $k_i$ of minimal models in Gepner constructions are even.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4378 </DOCNO>
Growth of c-oriented MgB2 thin films by Pulsed Laser Deposition:


  MgB2 thin films were deposited using Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) and
ex-situ annealing in Mg atmosphere. The films presented critical temperatures
up to 36K and turned out to be preferentially c-oriented both on Al2O3 (r-cut)
and MgO(100) substrates. Synchrotron analyses gave also some indications of in
plane texturing. The films exhibit very fine grain size (1200angstromin the
basal plane and 100angstrom along c-axis) but the general resistivity behavior
and the remarkable extension of the irreversible region confirm that the grains
boundaries are not barriers for supercurrents. Upper critical field
measurements with the magnetic field perpendicular and parallel with respect to
the film surface evidenced a field anisotropy ratio of 1.8. The Hc2 values are
considerably higher with respect to the bulk ones, namely when the field lies
in the basal plane, and the field-temperature phase diagram for the two
magnetic field orientations suggest the possibility of strongly enhancing the
pinning region by means of texturing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4090 </DOCNO>
The Random Field Ising Model on Hierarchical Lattices I: Phase Diagram


  The phase diagram and the thermodynamics of the random field Ising model
(RFIM) defined on a family of diamond hierarchical lattices of arbitrary
dimension and scaling factor $b=2$ is investigated. The phase diagram is
studied considering the flow of the renormalized joint probability
distributions of couplings and fields. A continuous (Gaussian) and a discrete
(delta-bimodal) initial symmetric probability distributions for the random
fields with variance $H_{0}$ are particularly considered. The thermodynamics
properties (energy, specific heat and magnetization) are obtained by an exact
recurrence procedure and analyzed as function of the temperature and the random
field. Close and above the paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition evidences of
the formation of rare but large field induced correlated clusters of reversed
spins are observed. For all studied properties no strong qualitative distinct
behavior is found whenever the continuous or the discrete distribution of
random fields are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75549 </DOCNO>
Hyperfine structure in hydrogen and helium ion


  QED theory of the hyperfine splitting of the $1s$ and $2s$ state in hydrogen
isotopes and helium-3 ion is considered. We develop an accurate theory of a
specific difference 8E_{HFS}(2s)-E_{HFS}(1s). We take into account fourth order
corrections and nuclear structure effects. The theoretical prediction is now of
a higher accuracy than the experiment is. The study of the difference provides
the most accurate test (on a level of a part in 10^8) of the QED theory of $1s$
HFS up to date. The theory agrees with most of the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5871 </DOCNO>
Generalized statistical mechanics and fully developed turbulence


  The statistical properties of fully developed hydrodynamic turbulence can be
successfully described using methods from nonextensive statistical mechanics.
The predicted probability densities and scaling exponents precisely coincide
with what is measured in various turbulence experiments. As a dynamical basis
for nonextensive behaviour we consider nonlinear Langevin equations with
fluctuating friction forces, where Tsallis statistics can be rigorously proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74814 </DOCNO>
The reaction ${\pi}N{\to}{\omega}N$ revisited: the $\omega{-}N$


  We reinvestigate the experimental data on $\omega$--meson production in
pion-nucleon collisions based on both an analytical approach and a Monte Carlo
simulation. Our analysis allows us to study the kinematical peculiarities of
the $\pi^-p{\to}\omega{n}$ reaction at energies close to threshold. Based on
the hypothesis, that the formalism derived in ref. [1] was applied improperly,
the unusually strong energy dependence claimed for the near--threshold cross
section is identified as a purely kinematical effect. Based on this hypothesis,
we deduce an effective ${\pi^-}p{\to}{\omega}n$ cross section that is larger by
an order of magnitude compared to the one commonly used. In addition we extract
a lower limit for the imaginary part $\Im a_{{\omega}N}$ of the ${\omega}N$
scattering length. We find a value of $\Im a_{{\omega}N}{=}0.24{\pm}0.05$ fm,
which is significantly larger than that presently found in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149937 </DOCNO>
Total Variation in Hamiltonian Formalism and Symplectic-Energy


  We present a discrete total variation calculus in Hamiltonian formalism in
this paper. Using this discrete variation calculus and generating functions for
the flows of Hamiltonian systems, we derive two-step symplectic-energy
integrators of any finite order for Hamiltonian systems from a variational
perspective. The relationship between symplectic integrators derived directly
from the Hamiltonian systems and the variationally derived symplectic-energy
integrators is explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113667 </DOCNO>
Diffraction-free and dispersion-free pulsed beam propagation in


  Pulsed Bessel beams of light propagating in free-space experience diffraction
effects that resemble those of anomalous dispersion on pulse propagation. It is
then shown that a pulsed Bessel beam in a normally dispersive material can
remain diffraction- and dispersion-free due to mutual cancellation of
diffraction and group velocity dispersion. The size of the Bessel transversal
profile for localized transmission is determined by the dispersive properties
of the material at the pulse carrier frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76390 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark polarizations of $e^+e^-\to q \bar q h$ in the general two


  The polarizations of the heavy quark ($q=t$ or $b$) in the process $e^+e^-
\to q \bar q h$ have been calculated in the general two Higgs doublet model.
The CP violating normal polarization of the top quark can reach 8%, and $2 \sim
3%$ for the bottom quark, while it is zero in the standard model. The
longitudinal and transverse polarizations of the bottom quark can be
significantly different from those in SM and consequently could aslo be used as
the probe of the new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124099 </DOCNO>
Correlations Between Spectral Properties and Spin-Down Rate in Soft


  Anomalous x-ray pulsars (AXPs) and soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) are x-ray
sources with unusual properties distinguishing them from both rotation-powered
and most accretion-powered pulsars. Using archival ASCA data over the energy
range 0.5-10.0 keV, we have studied the spectra of the persistent emission from
these sources and their variation with spin-down rate. Using a single power law
spectral model, we find that the overall hardness of the spectra increase with
increasing spin-down rate, and therefore the spectral and spin-down mechanism
are inextricably linked in these objects. In terms of the two-component
blackbody plus power law spectral models, this correlation is seen as an
increasing hardness of the high energy component with increasing spin-down
rate, with the temperature of the low energy blackbody component remaining
essentially constant. Also for the two component spectral model: the ratio of
the 2-10 keV power law and bolometric blackbody luminosities gradually
increases with the spin-down rate. We discuss these results in terms of the
various theoretical models for SGRs and AXPs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148121 </DOCNO>
A Theory of the Casimir Effect for Compact Regions


  We develop Dietz's idea of identifying the Casimir energy as the
regularization-independent Ramanujan sum of an asymptotic series. As an
illustration we provide a rigorous derivation of the Casimir force for the
parallel plates, identifying a previous cutoff free version as a special case.
We also present a solution (in this framework) of the external problem for the
cube. The derivation of the Casimir effect for the cube permits an
identification of the features which are responsible for repulsive sign of the
force. The Casimir effect for the sphere is also treated in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86955 </DOCNO>
Does The Force From an Extra Dimension Contradict Physics in 4D?


  We examine the question of whether violation of 4D physics is an inevitable
consequence of existence of an extra non-compactified dimension. Recent
investigations in membrane and Kaluza-Klein theory indicate that when the
metric of the spacetime is allowed to depend on the extra coordinate, i.e., the
cilindricity condition is dropped, the equation describing the trajectory of a
particle in one lower dimension has an extra force with some abnormal
properties. Among them, a force term parallel to the four-velocity of the
particle and, what is perhaps more surprising,
  $u_{\mu}f^{\mu} \neq u^{\mu}f_{\mu}$. These properties violate basic concepts
in 4D physics. In this paper we argue that these abnormal properties are {\em
not} consequence of the extra dimension, but result from the formalism used. We
propose a new definition for the force, from the extra dimension, which is free
of any contradictions and consistent with usual 4D physics. We show, using
warp-products metrics, that this new definition is also more consistent with
our physical intuition. The effects of this force could be detected observing
objects moving with high speed, near black holes and/or in cosmological
situations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2705 </DOCNO>
Work function changes in the double layered manganite La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7


  We have investigated the behaviour of the work function of La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 as
a function of temperature by means of photoemission. We found a decrease of 55
+/- 10 meV in going from 60 K to just above the Curie temperature (125 K) of
the sample. Above T_C the work function appears to be roughly constant. Our
results are exactly opposite to the work function changes calculated from the
double-exchange model by Furukawa, but are consistent with other measurements.
The disagreement with double-exchange can be explained using a general
thermodynamic relation valid for second order transitions and including the
extra processes involved in the manganites besides double-exchange interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73791 </DOCNO>
Ratio of strange to non-strange quark condensates in QCD


  Laplace transform QCD sum rules for two-point functions related to the
strangeness-changing scalar and pseudoscalar Green's functions $\psi(Q^2)$ and
$\psi_5(Q^2)$, are used to determine the subtraction constants $\psi(0)$ and
$\psi_5(0)$, which fix the ratio $R_{su}\equiv \frac{<\bar{s}s>}{<\bar{u}u>}$.
Our results are $\psi(0)= - (1.06 \pm 0.21) \times 10^{-3} {GeV}^4$,
$\psi_5(0)= (3.35 \pm 0.25) \times 10^{-3} {GeV}^4$, and $R_{su}\equiv
\frac{<\bar{s}s>}{<\bar{u}u>} = 0.5 \pm 0.1$. This implies corrections to
kaon-PCAC at the level of 50%, which although large, are not inconsistent with
the size of the corrections to Goldberger-Treiman relations in $SU(3)\otimes
SU(3)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125721 </DOCNO>
Pair creation at shocks. Application to the high energy emission of


  We investigate the effect of pair creation on a shock structure. Particles,
accelerated in the shock via the first order Fermi process, are supposed to
cool by inverse Compton process on external soft photons, resulting in a
cut-off power law shape of the particle distribution function. The high energy
photons produced are thus able to create pairs, through photon-photon
annihilation. The increase of the pair pressure may then be sufficient to
modify the shock profile. We show that there is even a limit of the pair
pressure (of the order of 20% of the ram pressure of the upstream flow) above
which the shock cannot exist any longer. Conversely, significant changes of the
flow velocity profile will also modify the spectral index and the high energy
cut--off of the particle distribution function. Hence the number of particles
able to trigger the pair creation process will change, modifying the pair
creation rate accordingly. Taking into account these different processes, we
self-consistently derive the flow velocity profile and the particle
distribution function. We show that, in some region of the parameter space, the
system can converge towards stationary states where pair creation and
hydrodynamical effects balance. We discuss the application of this model to
explain the high energy emission observed in compact objects. We show that hard
X-ray spectra ($\alpha_{X}< 1.$) are only obtained for small pair pressure and
we don't expect any strong annihilation line in this case. We suggest also a
possible variability mechanism if the soft photon compactness depends itself on
the pair density of the hot plasma, such as expected in reillumination models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 205 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Drop Models


  We follow the dynamic evolution of a cluster of Ising spins pointing up
surrounded by other spins pointing down, on a lattice. The cluster represents a
liquid drop. Under a microscopic point of view, the short range ferromagnetic
coupling between these spins plays the role of the van der Waals attraction.
Alternatively, under a macroscopic point of view, the same ferromagnetic
coupling gives rise to the surface tension along the drop boundary. This naive
model is applied to the study of different systems, out of thermodynamic
equilibrium. For each such a system, other interaction terms can be included,
for instance an external magnetic field with a downwards uniform gradient,
representing Earth's gravity. Also, for each system, proper dynamic rules and
boundary conditions are adopted. The behaviour of such a drop is monitored as a
function of time, through computer simulations. Many quantities of interest, in
particular those related to drop fragmentation, were measured and the results
were compared with available experimental data. The real systems we have in
mind are exemplified by water drops falling from a leaky faucet, nuclear
multifragmentation, mercury drops falling on the ground, magnetic hysteresis
curves, and interface roughness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149808 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional formulation of counterterms


  It is by now well established that divergences of the on-shell action for
asymptotically AdS solutions can be cancelled by adding covariant local
boundary counterterms to the action. Here we show that although one can still
renormalise the action for asymptotically $AdS_p \times S^q$ solutions using
local boundary counterterms the counterterm action is not covariant since the
conformal boundary is degenerate. Any given counterterm action is defined with
respect to specific coordinate frame and gauge choices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124421 </DOCNO>
ROSAT X-ray sources in the field of the LMC I.Total LMC gas from the


  We analyzed a sample of 26 background X-ray sources in a ~60 square degree
field of the Large Magellanic Cloud observed with the ROSAT PSPC. The sample
has been selected from previously classified and optically identified X-ray
sources. In addition pointlike and spectrally hard sources with at least 100 to
200 observed counts have been used for the analysis. We performed X-ray
spectral fitting and derived total hydrogen absorbing column densities due to
LMC gas in the range 10^20 - 2. 10^21 cm^-2. We compared these columns with the
HI columns derived from a 21-cm Parkes survey of the LMC. For 7 optically
identified sources we find, within the uncertainties derived from the X-ray
spectral fit, agreement for both columns. For further 19 sources we constrain
the LMC columns from the X-ray spectral fit assuming that the powerlaw photon
index is that of AGN type spectra. We derive for 20 sources gas columns which
are within the uncertainties in agreement with the HI columns. We derive for
two background sources (RX J0536.9-6913 and RX J0547.0-7040) hydrogen absorbing
column densities due to LMC gas, which are in excess to the HI columns. These
sources - located in regions of large (~3. 10^21 cm^-2) LMC HI column densities
- could be seen through additional gas which may be warm and diffuse, cold or
molecular. For 10 sources we derive upper limits for the gas columns additional
to HI and constrain the molecular mass fraction to <(30-140)%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128284 </DOCNO>
Direct Monte Carlo simulations of accretion discs


  We apply the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method, developed
originally to calculate rarefied gas dynamical problems, to study the gas flow
in an accretion disc in a close binary system. The method involves viscosity
and thermal conduction automatically, and can thus simulate turbulent viscosity
(alpha viscosity).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87225 </DOCNO>
Frequencies of f-modes in differentially rotating relativistic stars and


  We have computed the eigenfrequencies of f-modes for a constant-rest-mass
sequences of rapidly rotating relativistic inviscid stars in differential
rotation. The frequencies have been calculated neglecting the metric
perturbations (the relativistic Cowling approximation) and expressed as a
function of the ratio between the rotational kinetic energy and the absolute
value of the gravitational energy of the stellar model beta=T/|W|. The zeros
and the end-points of these sequences mark respectively the onset of the
secular instability driven by gravitational radiation-reaction and the maximum
value of beta at which an equilibrium model exists. In differentially rotating
stars the secular stability limits appear at a beta larger than those found for
uniformly rotating stars. Differential rotation, on the other hand, also allows
for the existence of equilibrium models at values of beta larger than those for
uniformly rotating stars, moving the end-point of the sequences to larger beta.
As a result, for some degrees of differential rotation, the onset of the
secular instability for f-modes is generally favoured by the presence of
differential rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179376 </DOCNO>
Novel Weak Decays in Doubly Strange Systems


  The strangeness-changing ($\Delta S = 1$) weak baryon-baryon interaction is
studied through the nonmesonic weak decay of double-$\Lambda$ hypernuclei.
Besides the usual nucleon-induced decay $\Lambda N \to N N$ we discuss novel
hyperon-induced decay modes $\Lambda \Lambda \to \Lambda N$ and $\Lambda
\Lambda \to \Sigma N$. These reactions provide unique access to the exotic
$\Lambda \Lambda$K and $\Lambda \Sigma$K vertices which place new constraints
on Chiral Pertubation Theory ($\chi$PT) in the weak SU(3) sector. Within a
meson-exchange framework, we use the pseudoscalar $\pi,\eta,K$ octet for the
long-range part while parametrizing the short-range part through the vector
mesons $\rho, \omega, K^*$. Realistic baryon-baryon forces for the $S=0,-1$ and
-2 sectors account for the strong interaction in the initial and final states.
For $^6_{\Lambda \Lambda}$He the new hyperon-induced decay modes account for up
to 4% of the total nonmesonic decay rate. Predictions are made for all possible
nonmesonic decay modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75445 </DOCNO>
Relations between N and Delta electromagnetic form factors


  The inclusion of two-body exchange currents in the constituent quark model
leads to several new relations between the electromagnetic form factors of the
nucleon and Delta(1232). These are:(i) the neutron charge form factor can be
expressed as the difference between proton and Delta+ charge form factors, and
(ii) the N->Delta charge quadrupole (C2) transition form factor is connected to
the charge monopole (C0) form factor of the neutron. The latter relation is
used to estimate the charge radius of constituent quarks. Furthermore, we find
that exchange currents do not modify the SU(6) relation between the magnetic
N->Delta and the magnetic neutron form factors. Consequently, after including
exchange currents, the C2/M1 ratio in the N->Delta transition can be expressed
as a ratio of the elastic charge and magnetic form factors of the neutron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113962 </DOCNO>
Non-linear space-periodic dynamo in an ABC-forced magnetohydrodynamic


  Non-linear behavior of an MHD system with ABC forcing under periodic boundary
conditions is considered. Most computations are performed for a fixed kinematic
Reynolds number and magnetic Reynolds numbers increasing from 0 to 60. The
kinematic Reynolds number is small enough for the trivial solution with a zero
magnetic field to be stable to velocity perturbations. At the critical magnetic
Reynolds number for the onset of instability of the trivial solution the
dominant eigenvalue of the kinematic dynamo problem is real. In agreement with
the bifurcation theory new steady states with non-vanishing magnetic field
appear in this bifurcation. Subsequent bifurcations are investigated. A regime
is detected, where chaotic variations of the magnetic field direction
(analogous to magnetic field reversals) are observed in the temporal evolution
of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73703 </DOCNO>
Heavy charged Higgs boson production at next generation $e^\pm\gamma$


  We assess the potential of future electron-positron linear colliders
operating in the $e^\pm\gamma$ mode in detecting charged Higgs bosons with mass
around and larger than the top quark mass, using Compton back-scattered photons
from laser light. We compare the pair production mode, $e^-\gamma\to e^-
H^+H^-$, to a variety of channels involving only one charged Higgs scalar in
the final state, such as the tree-level processes $e^-\gamma\to \nu_e H^-
\Phi^0 $ ($\Phi^0=h^0,H^0$ and $A^0$) and $e^-\gamma\to \nu_e f\bar f H^-$
($f=b,\tau$ and $\nu_\tau$) as well as the loop-induced channel $e^-\gamma\to
\nu_e H^-$. We show that, when the charged Higgs boson mass is smaller than or
comparable to half the collider energy, $\sqrt s_{ee}\gsim 2M_{H^\pm}$, single
production cross sections are of the same size as the pair production rate,
whereas, for charged Higgs boson masses larger than $\sqrt s_{ee}/2$, all
processes are heavily suppressed. In general, production cross sections of
charged Higgs bosons via $e^\pm\gamma$ scatterings are smaller than those
induced at an $e^+e^-$ collider and the latter represents a better option to
produce and analyse such particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76509 </DOCNO>
Excitation of non-quark degrees of freedom in N*


  We study the contribution of glueball and sigma-meson degrees of freedom to
nucleon excited states in the framework of a chiral version of the
chromodielectric model. We have found that these degrees of freedom
considerably lower the energy of the Roper and may substantially weaken the
electroexcitation amplitudes for the N(1440) and in particular for the N(1710).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 209 </DOCNO>
Ubiquitous finite-size scaling features in IV characteristics of various


  Two-dimensional (2D) XY model subject to three different types of dynamics,
namely Monte Carlo, resistivity shunted junction (RSJ), and relaxational
dynamics, is numerically simulated. From the comparisons of the current-voltage
(I-V) characteristics, it is found that up to some constants I-V curves at a
given temperature are identical to each other in a broad range of external
currents. Simulations of the Villain model and the modified 2D XY model
allowing stronger thermal vortex fluctuations are also performed with RSJ type
of dynamics. The finite-size scaling suggested in Medvedyeva et al. [Phys. Rev.
B 62, 14531(2000)] is confirmed for all dynamic models used, implying that this
finite-size scaling behaviors in the vicinity of the Kosterlitz-Thouless
transition are quite robust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6027 </DOCNO>
Deterministic walks in random networks: an application to thesaurus


  In a landscape composed of N randomly distributed sites in Euclidean space, a
walker (``tourist'') goes to the nearest one that has not been visited in the
last \tau steps. This procedure leads to trajectories composed of a transient
part and a final cyclic attractor of period p. The tourist walk presents
universal aspects with respect to \tau and can be done in a wide range of
networks that can be viewed as ordinal neighborhood graphs. As an example, we
show that graphs defined by thesaurus dictionaries share some of the
statistical properties of low dimensional (d=2) Euclidean graphs and are easily
distinguished from random graphs. This approach furnishes complementary
information to the usual clustering coefficient and mean minimum separation
length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129256 </DOCNO>
High resolution imaging of molecular line emission from high redshift


  We present moderate (1'') and high resolution (0.2'') observations of the
CO(2-1) emission at 43 GHz, and radio continuum emission at 1.47 GHz, from the
z=4.7 QSO BRI 1202-0725 and the z=4.4 QSO BRI 1335--0417 using the Very Large
Array. The moderate resolution observations show that in both cases the CO
emission is spatially resolved into two components separated by 1'' for
1335-0417 and 4'' for 1202-0725. The high resolution observations show that
each component has sub-structure on scales of 0.2'' to 0.5'', with intrinsic
brightness temperatures > 20K. The CO ladder from (2-1) up to (7-6) suggests a
high kinetic temperature for the gas (70 K), and a high column density (10^{24}
cm^{-2}). In both sources the continuum-to-line ratio: L_{FIR}/L'_{CO(1-0)} =
335. All these characteristics (brightness temperature, excitation temperature,
column density, and continuum-to-line ratio) are comparable to conditions found
in low redshift, ultra-luminous nuclear starburst galaxies. We find that the CO
emitting regions in 1202-0725 and 1335-0417 must be close to face-on in order
to avoid having the gas mass exceed the gravitational mass, implying perhaps
unreasonably large rotational velocities. While this problem is mitigated by
lowering the CO luminosity-to-H_2 mass conversion factor (X), the required X
values become comparable to, or lower than, the minimum values dictated by
optically thin CO emission. We considered the possibility of magnification by
gravitational lensing in order to reduce the molecular gas masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41313 </DOCNO>
Fractions of proton, helium, middle and heavy nuclei in primary cosmic


  Classification of gamma-hadron families, registered by the Pamir
collaboration, on four groups of nuclei (P, He, middle and heavy), responsible
for their generation, is made, and fractions of families in each of the groups
are estimated. Results show, that below the knee of the energy spectrum the
chemical composition of primary cosmic rays remains close to the normal one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2567 </DOCNO>
Disclination loop behavior near the nematic-isotropic transition


  We investigate the behavior of disclination loops in the vicinity of the
first order nematic-isotropic transition in the Lebwohl-Lasher and related
models. We find that two independent measures of the transition temperature,
the free energy and the distribution of disclination line segments, give
essentially identical values. We also calculate the distribution function D(p)
of disclination loops of perimeter p and fit it to a quasiexponential form.
Below the transition, D(p) falls off exponentially, while in the neighborhood
of the transition it decays with a power law exponent approximately equal to
2.5, consistent with a "blowout" of loops at the transition. In a modified
Lebwohl-Lasher model with a strongly first-order transition we are able to
measure a jump in the disclination line tension at the transition, which is too
small to be measured in the Lebwohl-Lasher model. We also measure the monopole
charge of the disclination loops and find that in both the original and
modified Lebwohl-Lasher models, there are large loops which carry monopole
charge, while smaller isolated loops do not. Overall the nature of the
topological defects in both models is very similar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169239 </DOCNO>
Entanglement transfer from continuous variables to qubits


  We show that two qubits can be entangled by local interactions with an
entangled two-mode continuous variable state. This is illustrated by the
evolution of two two-level atoms interacting with a two-mode squeezed state.
Two modes of the squeezed field are injected respectively into two spatially
separate cavities and the atoms are then sent into the cavities to resonantly
interact with the cavity field. We find that the atoms may be entangled even by
a two-mode squeezed state which has been decohered while penetrating into the
cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124959 </DOCNO>
Analyses of Type Ia Supernova Data in Cosmological Models with a Local


  The data of type Ia supernovae observed by the High-z SN Search Team and
Supernova Cosmology Project are analyzed in inhomogeneous cosmological models
with a local void on scales of about 200 Mpc, to derive the best-fit values of
model parameters and the confidence contours. The $\chi^2$ fitting is found to
be slightly better than that in homogeneous models. It is shown that (1) the
best-fit values are most sensitive to the ratio $R$ of the outer Hubble
constant ($H_0^{\rm II}$) to the inner Hubble constant ($H_0^{\rm I}$), (2) the
best-fit outer density parameter ($\Omega_0^{\rm II}$) (and cosmological
constant parameter ($\lambda_0^{\rm II}$)) increases (and decreases) with the
increase of $R$, respectively, and (3) $(\Omega_0^{\rm II}, \lambda_0^{\rm
II})$ can be $(1, 0)$ for $R \approx 0.8$. Moreover it is shown that these
models may be naturally consistent with the new supernova data (SN1997ff) for
$z = 1.7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2779 </DOCNO>
Localized breathing solutions for Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic


  We demonstrate the existence of localized oscillatory breathers for quasi-1D
Bose-Einstein condensates confined in periodic potentials. Localized
oscillations are identified with a homoclinic tangle of a 2D map on the
oscillation amplitudes. This construction implies structural stability of the
localized breathers to parameter tuning and external noise. We also predict the
existence of periodic and chaotic extended oscillations of the condensates. The
regimes we consider are compatible with current physical parameter values,
opening the possibility for experimental corroboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128299 </DOCNO>
Possible detection of hard X-ray afterglows of short gamma-ray bursts


  We report the discovery of a transient and fading hard X-ray emission in the
BATSE lightcurves of a sample of short gamma-ray bursts. We have summed each of
the four channel BATSE light curves of 76 short bursts to uncover the average
overall temporal and spectral evolution of a possible transient signal
following the prompt flux. We found an excess emission peaking ~30 s after the
prompt one, detectable for ~100 s. The soft power-law spectrum and the
time-evolution of this transient signal suggest that it is produced by the
deceleration of a relativistic expanding source, as predicted by the afterglow
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40845 </DOCNO>
Soft Hadronic Interactions


  Recent developments in soft hadronic interactions are reviewed. Emphasis it
put on measurements of the proton structure at low x, photon structure,
diffraction and exclusive processes such as vector-meson production and their
interpretation in approaches to QCD dynamics like BFKL or CCFM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168110 </DOCNO>
Statistical distinguishability between unitary operations


  The problem of distinguishing two unitary transformations, or quantum gates,
is analyzed and a function reflecting their statistical distinguishability is
found. Given two unitary operations, $U_1$ and $U_2$, it is proved that there
always exists a finite number $N$ such that $U_1^{\otimes N}$ and $U_2^{\otimes
N}$ are perfectly distinguishable, although they were not in the single-copy
case. This result can be extended to any finite set of unitary transformations.
Finally, a fidelity for one-qubit gates, which satisfies many useful properties
from the point of view of quantum information theory, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83822 </DOCNO>
The Internet, 1995-2000: Access, Civic Involvement, and Social


  Our research, which began fielding surveys in 1995, and which have been
repeated with variation in 1996, 1997 and 2000, was apparently the first to use
national random telephone survey methods to track social and community aspects
of Internet use, and to compare users and non-users. It also seems to be among
the first that used these methods to compare users with non-users in regards to
communication, social and community issues. The work has been largely supported
by grants from the Markle Foundation of New York City as well as the Robert
Wood Johnson Foundation. 
  Abridged, see full text for complete abstract.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129627 </DOCNO>
TeV Blazars and Cosmic Infrared Background Radiation


  The recent developments in studies of TeV radiation from blazars are
highlighted and the implications of these results for derivation of
cosmologically important information about the cosmic infrared background
radiation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125138 </DOCNO>
Rapid UBVRI Follow-up of the Highly Collimated Optical Afterglow of


  (Abridged) We present the earliest optical observations of the optical
counterpart to the GRB 010222, obtained with the FLWO 1.2-m telescope in UBVRI
passbands, starting 3.64 hours after the burst. We also present late R-band
observations of the afterglow obtained with the 1.8-m VATT ~25 days after the
burst. The temporal analysis of our data joined with published data indicates a
steepening decay, independent of wavelength, asymptotically approaching
t^{-0.80+/-0.05} at early times (t << 1 day) and t^{-1.30+/-0.05} at late
times, with a sharp break at t_b=0.72+/-0.1 days. This is the second earliest
observed break of any afterglow (after GRB 980519), which clearly indicates the
importance of rapid multi-band follow-up for GRB afterglow research. The
optical spectral energy distribution, corrected for small Galactic reddening,
can be fit fairly well by a single power-law with a slope of -1.07+/-0.09.
However, when we fit using our BVRI data only, we obtain a shallower slope of
-0.88+/- 0.1, in excellent agreement with the slope derived from our
low-resolution spectrum (-0.89 +/- 0.03). The spectral slope and light curve
decay slopes we derive are not consistent with a jet model despite the presence
of a temporal break. Significant host dust extinction with a star-burst
reddening law would flatten the spectral index to match jet predictions and
still be consistent with the observed spectral energy distribution. We derive
an opening angle of 2.1 deg, smaller than any listed in the recent compilation
of Frail et al. The total beamed energy corrected for the jet geometry is
4x10^50 erg, very close to the ``standard'' value of 5x10^50 erg found by Frail
et al. for a number of other bursts with light-curve breaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150192 </DOCNO>
7D Bosonic Higher Spin Theory: Symmetry Algebra and Linearized


  We construct the minimal bosonic higher spin extension of the 7D AdS algebra
SO(6,2), which we call hs(8*). The generators, which have spin s=1,3,5,..., are
realized as monomials in Grassmann even spinor oscillators. Irreducibility, in
the form of tracelessness, is achieved by modding out an infinite dimensional
ideal containing the traces. In this a key role is played by the tree bilinear
traces which form an SU(2)_K algebra. We show that gauging of hs(8*) yields a
spectrum of physical fields with spin s=0,2,4,...which make up a UIR of hs(8*)
isomorphic to the symmetric tensor product of two 6D scalar doubletons. The
scalar doubleton is the unique SU(2)_K invariant 6D doubleton. The spin s\geq 2
sector comes from an hs(8*)-valued one-form which also contains the auxiliary
gauge fields required for writing the curvature constraints in covariant form.
The physical spin s=0 field arises in a separate zero-form in a `quasi-adjoint'
representation of hs(8*). This zero-form also contains the spin s\geq 2 Weyl
tensors, i.e. the curvatures which are non-vanishing on-shell. We suggest that
the hs(8*) gauge theory describes the minimal bosonic, massless truncation of M
theory on AdS_7\times S^4 in an unbroken phase where the holographic dual is
given by N free (2,0) tensor multiplets for large N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6051 </DOCNO>
Thermal and Quantum Fluctuations around Domain Walls


  We compute thermal and quantum fluctuations in the background of a domain
wall in a scalar field theory at finite temperature using the exact scalar
propagator in the subspace orthogonal to the wall's translational mode. The
propagator makes it possible to calculate terms of any order in the
semiclassical expansion of the partition function of the system. The leading
term in the expansion corresponds to the fluctuation determinant, which we
compute for arbitrary temperature in space dimensions 1,2, and 3. Our results
may be applied to the description of thermal scalar propagation in the presence
of soliton defects (in polymers, magnetic materials, etc.) and interfaces which
are characterized by kinklike profiles. They lead to predictions as to how
classical free energies, surface tensions, and interface profiles are modified
by fluctuations, allowing for comparison with both numerical and experimental
data. They can also be used to estimate transition temperatures. Furthermore,
the simple analytic form of the propagator may simplify existing calculations,
and allow for more direct comparisons with data from scattering experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73601 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of Non-Abelian Flat Directions in a Minimal Superstring


  Recently, we presented the first non-Abelian flat directions that produce
from a heterotic string model solely the three-generation MSSM states as the
massless spectrum in the observable sector of the low energy effective field
theory. In this paper we continue to develop the systematic techniques for the
analysis of nonrenormalizable superpotential terms and non-Abelian flat
direction in realistic string models. Some of our non-Abelian directions were
F-flat to all finite orders in the superpotential. We study for the same string
model the varying phenomenologies resulting from a large set of such all-order
flat directions. We focus on the quark, charged lepton, and Higgs doublet mass
matrices resulting for our phenomenologically superior non-Abelian flat
direction. We review and apply a string-related method for generating large
mass hierarchies between MSSM generations, first discussed in string-derived
flipped SU(5) models, when all generational mass terms are of renormalizable or
very low non-renormalizable order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128847 </DOCNO>
Collisional Cascades in Planetesimal Disks I. Stellar Flybys


  We use a new multiannulus planetesimal accretion code to investigate the
evolution of a planetesimal disk following a moderately close encounter with a
passing star. The calculations include fragmentation, gas and
Poynting-Robertson drag, and velocity evolution from dynamical friction and
viscous stirring. We assume that the stellar encounter increases planetesimal
velocities to the shattering velocity, initiating a collisional cascade in the
disk. During the early stages of our calculations, erosive collisions damp
particle velocities and produce substantial amounts of dust. For a wide range
of initial conditions and input parameters, the time evolution of the dust
luminosity follows a simple relation, L_d/L_{\star} = L_0 / [alpha +
(t/t_d)^{beta}]. The maximum dust luminosity L_0 and the damping time t_d
depend on the disk mass, with L_0 proportional to M_d and t_d proportional to
M_d^{-1}. For disks with dust masses of 1% to 100% of the `minimum mass solar
nebula' (1--100 earth masses at 30--150 AU), our calculations yield t_d approx
1--10 Myr, alpha approx 1--2, beta = 1, and dust luminosities similar to the
range observed in known `debris disk' systems, L_0 approx 10^{-3} to 10^{-5}.
Less massive disks produce smaller dust luminosities and damp on longer
timescales. Because encounters with field stars are rare, these results imply
that moderately close stellar flybys cannot explain collisional cascades in
debris disk systems with stellar ages of 100 Myr or longer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125347 </DOCNO>
The Halo White Dwarf WD 0346+246 Revisited


  The extreme helium-rich atmospheric composition determined for the halo white
dwarf WD 0346+246 is reexamined. This solution is shown to be improbable from
an astrophysical point of view when accretion of hydrogen and metals from the
interstellar medium is taken into account. An alternate solution is proposed
where hydrogen and helium are present in the atmospheric regions in equal
amounts. The best fit at Teff=3780 K, log g=8.34, and N(He)/N(H)=1.3 is
achieved by including in the model calculations a bound-free opacity from the
Lyman edge associated with the so-called dissolved atomic levels of the
hydrogen atom, or pseudo-continuum opacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113692 </DOCNO>
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Sonoluminescence: Modeling, Algorithms


  Sonoluminescence is the phenomena of light emission from a collapsing gas
bubble in a liquid. Theoretical explanations of this extreme energy focusing
are controversial and difficult to validate experimentally. We propose to use
molecular dynamics simulations of the collapsing gas bubble to clarify the
energy focusing mechanism, and provide insight into the mechanism of light
emission.
  In this paper, we model the interior of a collapsing noble gas bubble as a
hard sphere gas driven by a spherical piston boundary moving according to the
Rayleigh-Plesset equation. We also include a simple treatment of ionization
effects in the gas at high temperatures. By using fast, tree-based algorithms,
we can exactly follow the dynamics of million particle systems during the
collapse. Our results clearly show strong energy focusing within the bubble,
including the formation of shocks, strong ionization, and temperatures in the
range of 50,000---500,000 degrees Kelvin. Our calculations show that the
gas-liquid boundary interaction has a strong effect on the internal gas
dynamics. We also estimate the duration of the light pulse from our model,
which predicts that it scales linearly with the ambient bubble radius.
  As the number of particles in a physical sonoluminescing bubble is within the
foreseeable capability of molecular dynamics simulations we also propose that
fine scale sonoluminescence experiments can be viewed as excellent test
problems for advancing the art of molecular dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125080 </DOCNO>
The Enigmatic X-ray Point Sources at the Central Stars of NGC 6543 and


  Recent Chandra ACIS-S observations have detected a point source at the
central star of NGC 6543 and confirmed the point source nature of the hard
X-ray emission from NGC 7293. The X-ray spectra of both sources peak between
0.5 keV and 1.0 keV and show line features indicating a thin plasma at
temperatures of a few times 10^6 K. Their X-ray luminosities are 10^30 erg/s
and 3x10^29 erg/s, respectively. We have considered four different mechanisms
to explain the nature of these sources. The X-ray emission from the central
star of NGC 6543 may originate from the coronal activity of an undetected
companion star or from shocks in its fast stellar wind, while the hard X-ray
emission from NGC 7293 might be ascribed to an undetected dMe companion.
Follow-up observations are needed to determine the existence and natures of
these stellar companions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74317 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium Feed-Down and Sequential Suppression


  About 40-50 % of the quarkonium ground states J/psi(1S) and Upsilon(1S)
produced in hadronic collisions originate from the decay of higher excitations.
In a hot medium, these higher states are dissociated at lower temperatures than
the more tightly bound ground states, leading to a sequential suppression
pattern. Using new finite temperature lattice results, we specify the in-medium
potential between heavy quarks and determine the dissociation points of
different quarkonium states. On the basis of recent CDF data on bottomonium
production, we then obtain first predictions for sequential Upsilon suppression
in nuclear collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85762 </DOCNO>
Testing the Dirac equation


  The dynamical equations which are basic for the description of the dynamics
of quantum felds in arbitrary space--time geometries, can be derived from the
requirements of a unique deterministic evolution of the quantum fields, the
superposition principle, a finite propagation speed, and probability
conservation. We suggest and describe observations and experiments which are
able to test the unique deterministic evolution and analyze given experimental
data from which restrictions of anomalous terms violating this basic principle
can be concluded. One important point is, that such anomalous terms are
predicted from loop gravity as well as from string theories. Most accurate data
can be obtained from future astrophysical observations. Also, laboratory tests
like spectroscopy give constraints on the anomalous terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4798 </DOCNO>
Exact Potts Model Partition Function for Strips of the Square Lattice


  We present exact calculations of the Potts model partition function
$Z(G,q,v)$ for arbitrary $q$ and temperature-like variable $v$ on $n$-vertex
square-lattice strip graphs $G$ for a variety of transverse widths $L_t$ and
for arbitrarily great length $L_\ell$, with free longitudinal boundary
conditions and free and periodic transverse boundary conditions. These have the
form $Z(G,q,v)=\sum_{j=1}^{N_{Z,G,\lambda}}
c_{Z,G,j}(\lambda_{Z,G,j})^{L_\ell}$. We give general formulas for $N_{Z,G,j}$
and its specialization to $v=-1$ for arbitrary $L_t$ for both types of boundary
conditions, as well as other general structural results on $Z$. The free energy
is calculated exactly for the infinite-length limit of the graphs, and the
thermodynamics is discussed. It is shown how the internal energy calculated for
the case of cylindrical boundary conditions is connected with critical
quantities for the Potts model on the infinite square lattice. Considering the
full generalization to arbitrary complex $q$ and $v$, we determine the singular
locus ${\cal B}$, arising as the accumulation set of partition function zeros
as $L_\ell \to \infty$, in the $q$ plane for fixed $v$ and in the $v$ plane for
fixed $q$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6030 </DOCNO>
Geometrical destruction of the global phase coherence in ultrathin


  The global phase coherence in doubly-connected superconductors leads to
fluxoid quantization, allowing the superfluid velocity vs to be controlled by
an applied magnetic flux. In ultrasmall samples this quantization requirement
leads, surprisingly, to the destruction of the phase coherence itself around
half-integer flux quanta, because of the sample-size-induced growth in vs, as
predicted by de Gennes. We report observations of the predicted phenomenon in
ultrathin Al and Au0.7In0.3 cylinders, and the corresponding phase diagram for
ultrathin superconducting cylinders. The new phase diagram features
disconnected superconducting regions, as opposed to the single one seen in the
conventional Little-Parks experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41293 </DOCNO>
Mechanisms of the $f_0(980)$ production in the reaction $\pi^-p\to\pi^0


  The model of the pure one-pion exchange mechanism, which gives a good
description of the GAMS results on the alteration of the $S$-wave $\pi^0\pi^0$
mass spectrum in the $f_0(980)$ region in the reaction $\pi^-p\to\pi^0\pi^0n$
with increasing $-t$, is compared with the recent detailed data on the $m$ and
$t$ distributions of the $\pi^-p\to\pi^0\pi^0n$ events obtained by the BNL-E852
Collaboration. It is shown that the predictions of this model are not confirmed
by the BNL data. Therefore the observed phenomenon should be explained by the
different exchange mechanism. It is most likely to be the $a_1$ exchange
mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150152 </DOCNO>
Duality and Confinement in N=1 Supersymmetric Theories from Geometric


  We study large N dualities for a general class of N=1 theories realized on
type IIB D5 branes wrapping 2-cycles of local Calabi-Yau threefolds or as
effective field theories on D4 branes in type IIA brane configurations. We
completely solve the issue of the classical moduli space for N=2, U(N_1)x ... x
U(N_n) theories deformed by a general superpotential for the adjoint and
bifundamental fields. The N=1 geometries in type IIB and its T-dual brane
configurations are presented and they agree with the field theory analysis. We
investigate the geometric transitions in the ten dimensional theories as well
as in M-theory. Strong coupling effects in field theory are analyzed in the
deformed geometry with fluxes. Gluino condensations are identified the
normalizable deformation parameters while the vacuum expectation values of the
bifundamental fields are with the non-normalizable ones. By lifting to M
theory, we get a transition from finite coverings of non-hyperelliptic curves
to non-hyperelliptic curves. We also discuss orientifold theories, Seiberg
dualities and mirror symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4995 </DOCNO>
Ab-initio calculation of optical absorption in semiconductors: A


  We show how to describe Coulomb renormalization effects and dielectric
screening in semiconductors and semiconductor nanostructures within a
first-principles density-matrix description. Those dynamic variables and
approximation schemes which are required for a proper description of dielectric
screening are identified. It is shown that within the random-phase
approximation the direct Coulomb interactions become screened, with static
screening being a good approximation, whereas the electron-hole exchange
interactions remain unscreened. Differences and similarities of our results
with those obtained from a corresponding GW approximation and Bethe-Salpeter
equation Green's function analysis are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74618 </DOCNO>
Search for the Higgs boson: theoretical perspectives


  We present a short review of experimental and theoretical constraints on the
mass of the Standard Model Higgs boson. We briefly illustrate the
unsatisfactory aspects of the standard theory, and we present some general
considerations about possible non-standard scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72916 </DOCNO>
Introduction to "The Supersymmetric World: The Beginnings of The Theory"


  This is the foreword to the book we edited on the origins and early
development of supersymmetry, which has been just issued by World Scientific.
This book presents a view on the discovery of supersymmetry and pioneering
investigations before summer 1976, mainly in the words of people who
participated. It combines anecdotal descriptions and personal reminiscences
with more technical summaries of the trailblazers, covering the birth of the
theory and its first years -- origin of the idea, four-dimensional field theory
realization, and supergravity. The eyewitnesses convey to us the drama of one
of the deepest discoveries in theoretical physics in the 20-th century.
Contributors: V. Akulov, R. Di Stefano, P. Fayet, S. Ferrara, G.-L. Gervais, N.
Koretz-Golfand, E. Likhtman, M. Marinov, A. Neveu, L. O'Raifeartaigh, P.
Ramond, B. Sakita, J. Schwarz, M. Sohnius, V. Soroka, J. Strathdee, D. Volkov,
J. Wess, P. West.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168393 </DOCNO>
Quantum information processing for a coherent superposition state via a


  An entangled two-mode coherent state is studied within the framework of
$2\times 2$ dimensional Hilbert space. An entanglement concentration scheme
based on joint Bell-state measurements is worked out. When the entangled
coherent state is embedded in vacuum environment, its entanglement is degraded
but not totally lost. It is found that the larger the initial coherent
amplitude, the faster entanglement decreases. We investigate a scheme to
teleport a coherent superposition state while considering a mixed quantum
channel. We find that the decohered entangled coherent state may be useless for
quantum teleportation as it gives the optimal fidelity of teleportation less
than the classical limit 2/3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129686 </DOCNO>
A space charge model for electrophonic bursters


  The sounds accompanying electrophonic burster meteors are characteristically
described as being akin to short duration ``pops'' and staccato--like
``clicks''. As a phenomenon distinct from the enduring electrophonic sounds
that occasionally accompany the passage and ablation of large meteoroids in the
Earth's lower atmosphere, the bursters have proved stubbornly difficult to
explain. A straightforward calculation demonstrates that in contradistinction
to the enduring electrophonic sounds, the electrophonic bursters are not
generated as a consequence of interactions between the meteoroid ablation
plasma and the Earth's geomagnetic field. Here we present a novel and hitherto
unrecorded model for the generation of short--duration pulses in an observer's
local electrostatic field. Our model is developed according to the generation
of a strong electric field across a shock wave propagating in a plasma. In this
sense, the electrophonic bursters are associated with the catastrophic
disruption of large meteoroids in the Earth's atmosphere. We develop an
equation for the description of the electric field strength in terms of the
electron temperature and the electron volume density. Also, by linking the
electron line density to a meteor's absolute visual magnitude, we obtain a
lower limit to the visual magnitude of electrophonic burster meteors of
$M_{\mathrm{v}}\approx -6.6$, in good agreement with the available
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83892 </DOCNO>
The Next Frontier for Openness: Wireless Communications


  For wireless communications, the FCC has fostered competition rather than
openness. This has permitted the emergence of vertically integrated end-to-end
providers, creating problems of reduced hardware innovation, software
applications, user choice, and content access. To deal with these emerging
issues and create multi-level forms of competition, one policy is likely to
suffice: a Carterfone for wireless, coupled with more unlicensed spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74401 </DOCNO>
Relativistic approaches to structure functions of nuclei


  We employ a propagator technique to derive a new relativistic $1/\qq$
expansion of the structure function of a nucleus, composed of point-nucleons.
We exploit non-relativistic features of low-momentum nucleons in the target and
only treat relativistically the nucleon after absorption of a high-momentum
virtual photon. The new series permits a 3-dimensional reduction of each term
and a formal summation of all Final State Interaction terms. We then show that
a relativistic structure function can be obtained from its non-relativistic
analog by a mere change of a scaling variable and an addition of an energy
shift. We compare the obtained result with an ad hoc generalized
Gersch-Rodriguez-Smith theory, previously used in computations of nuclear
structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73227 </DOCNO>
Higher-Order Corrections to Instantons


  The energy levels of the double-well potential receive, beyond perturbation
theory, contributions which are non-analytic in the coupling strength; these
are related to instanton effects. For example, the separation between the
energies of odd- and even-parity states is given at leading order by the
one-instanton contribution. However to determine the energies more accurately
multi-instanton configurations have also to be taken into account. We
investigate here the two-instanton contributions. First we calculate
analytically higher-order corrections to multi-instanton effects. We then
verify that the difference betweeen numerically determined energy eigenvalues,
and the generalized Borel sum of the perturbation series can be described to
very high accuracy by two-instanton contributions. We also calculate
higher-order corrections to the leading factorial growth of the perturbative
coefficients and show that these are consistent with analytic results for the
two-instanton effect and with exact data for the first 200 perturbative
coefficients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127049 </DOCNO>
Variable Stars in Galactic Globular Clusters


  Based on a search of the literature up to May 2001, the number of known
variable stars in Galactic globular clusters is approximately 3000. Of these,
more than 2200 have known periods and the majority (approximately 1800) are of
the RR Lyrae type. In addition to the RR Lyrae population, there are
approximately 100 eclipsing binaries, 120 SX Phe variables, 60 Cepheids
(including population II Cepheids, anomalous Cepheids and RV Tauri) and 120
SR/red variables. The mean period of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae variables is
0.585, for the overtone variables it is 0.342 (0.349 for the first-overtone
pulsators and 0.296 for the second-overtone pulsators) and approximately 30%
are overtone pulsators. These numbers indicate that about 65% of RR Lyrae
variables in Galactic globular clusters belong to Oosterhoff type I systems.
The mean period of the RR Lyrae variables in the Oosterhoff type I clusters
seems to be correlated with metal abundance in the sense that the periods are
longer in the more metal poor clusters. Such a correlation does not exist for
the Oosterhoff type II clusters. Most of the Cepheids are in clusters with blue
horizontal branches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99035 </DOCNO>
On correspondence between tensors and bispinors


  It is known that in the four-dimensional Riemannian space the complex
bispinor generates a number of tensors: scalar, pseudo-scalar, vector,
pseudo-vector, antisymmetric tensor. This paper solves the inverse problem: the
above tensors are arbitrarily given, it is necessary to find a bispinor
(bispinors) reproducing the tensors. The algorithm for this mapping constitutes
construction of Hermitean matrix $M$ from the tensors and finding its
eigenvalue spectrum. A solution to the inverse problem exists only when $M$ is
nonnegatively definite. Under this condition a matrix $Z$ satisfying equation
$M=ZZ^{+}$ can be found. One and the same system of tensor values can be used
to construct the matrix $Z$ accurate to an arbitrary factor on the left-hand
side, viz. unitary matrix $U$ in polar expansion $Z=HU$. The matrix $Z$ is
shown to be expandable to a set of bispinors, for which the unitary matrix $U$
is responsible for the internal (gauge) degrees of freedom. Thus, a group of
gauge transformations depends only on the Riemannian space dimension,
signature, and the number field used. The constructed algorithm for mapping
tensors to bispinors admits extension to Riemannian spaces of a higher
dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97855 </DOCNO>
Transgression of the index gerbe


  Recently, for a family of ungraded Dirac operators over some space $B$ J.
Lott constructed an index gerbe. In the present paper we show (in analogy to
the holonomy formula for the determinant bundle in the graded case) that the
holonomy of the index gerbe (a priori a hermitean line bundle with connection
over the free loop space $LB$) coincides with an adiabatic limit of determinant
bundles of an associated family of graded Dirac operators over $LB$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179198 </DOCNO>
Shell stabilization of super- and hyperheavy nuclei without magic gaps


  Quantum stabilization of superheavy elements is quantified in terms of the
shell-correction energy. We compute the shell correction using self-consistent
nuclear models: the non-relativistic Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach and the
relativistic mean-field model, for a number of parametrizations. All the forces
applied predict a broad valley of shell stabilization around Z=120 and
N=172-184. We also predict two broad regions of shell stabilization in
hyperheavy elements with N approx 258 and N approx 308. Due to the large
single-particle level density, shell corrections in the superheavy elements
differ markedly from those in lighter nuclei. With increasing proton and
neutron numbers, the regions of nuclei stabilized by shell effects become
poorly localized in particle number, and the familiar pattern of shells
separated by magic gaps is basically gone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41421 </DOCNO>
Branching Fraction and Photon Energy Spectrum b -> s gamma


  We have measured the branching fraction and photon energy spectrum for the
radiative penguin process b -> s gamma. We find BR(b -> s gamma) = (3.21 +-
0.43 +- 0.27 +0.18 -0.10) 10^(-4), where the errors are statistical,
systematic, and from theory corrections. We obtain first and second moments of
the photon energy spectrum above 2.0 GeV, < E_\gamma > = 2.346 +- 0.032 +-
0.011 GeV, and <E^2_gamma> - <E_gamma>^2 = 0.0226 +- 0.0066 +- 0.0020 GeV^2,
where the errors are statistical and systematic. From the first moment we
obtain (in MS[Bar], to order 1/M^3 and beta_0 alpha_s^2) the HQET parameter
Lambda[Bar] = 0.35 +- 0.08 +- 0.10 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99173 </DOCNO>
A general proof of the Dybvig-Ingersoll-Ross-Theorem: Long forward rates


  A general proof of the Dybvig-Ingersoll-Ross Theorem on the monotonicity of
long forward rates is presented. Some inconsistencies in the original proof of
this theorem are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75679 </DOCNO>
Observational constraints on the inflaton potential combined with


  Direct observations provide constraints on the first two derivatives of the
inflaton potential in slow roll models. We discuss how present day
observations, combined with the flow equations in slow roll parameter space,
provide a non-trivial constraint on the third derivative of the inflaton
potential. We find a lower bound on the third derivative of the inflaton
potential V'''/V > -0.2. We also show that unless the third derivative of the
inflaton potential is unreasonably large, then one predicts the tensor to
scalar ratio, r, to be bounded from below r > 3 * 10^{-6}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74721 </DOCNO>
Termination of the Phase of Quintessence by Gravitational Back-Reaction


  We study the effects of gravitational back-reaction in models of
Quintessence. The effective energy-momentum tensor with which cosmological
fluctuations back-react on the background metric will in some cases lead to a
termination of the phase of acceleration. The fluctuations we make use of are
the perturbations in our present Universe. Their amplitude is normalized by
recent measurements of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background, their
slope is taken to be either scale-invariant, or characterized by a slightly
blue tilt. In the latter case, we find that the back-reaction effect of
fluctuations whose present wavelength is smaller than the Hubble radius but
which are stretched beyond the Hubble radius by the accelerated expansion
during the era of Quintessence domination can become large. Since the
back-reaction effects of these modes oppose the acceleration, back-reaction
will lead to a truncation of the period of Quintessence domination. This result
impacts on the recent discussions of the potential incompatibility between
string theory and Quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73864 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theoretic Description of Matter in the Universe


  Quantum field theory at finite temperature and density can be used for
describing the physics of relativistic plasmas. Such systems are frequently
encountered in astrophysical situations, such as the early Universe, Supernova
explosions, and the interior of neutron stars. After a brief introduction to
thermal field theory the usefulness of this approach in astrophysics will be
exemplified in three different cases. First the interaction of neutrinos within
a Supernova plasma will be discussed. Then the possible presence of quark
matter in a neutron star core and finally the interaction of light with the
Cosmic Microwave Background will be considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95430 </DOCNO>
The Degree Theorem in higher rank


  Let M be any closed, locally symmetric n-manifold (n>1) of nonpositive
curvature. Assume that M has no locally Euclidean factors and no factors
locally isometric to SL(3,R). Then for any closed Riemannian manifold N and any
continuous map f:N -> M, we show there is a C^1 representative in the homotopy
class of f with Jacobian bounded by a universal constant C depending only on n
and the smallest Ricci curvatures of N and M. This implies that deg(f)<= C
Vol(N)/Vol(M). For M negatively curved this was proved by Gromov. Two
corollaries of our result are that Minvol(N)>0 whenever deg(f)<>0 and a simple
proof of G. Prasad's result that lattices in semi-simple Lie groups are
co-Hopfian. We prove a version of all results for finite volume manifolds as
well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3458 </DOCNO>
Electrostatically swollen lamellar stacks and adiabatic pair potential


  We show that describing the screened electrostatic interactions in a periodic
stack of rigid parallel identical charged plate-like colloids within a local
density functional theory approach, generically leads to a swelling behaviour.
Within the same framework, we find that the effective potential between a pair
of such plates immersed in an electrolyte is repulsive at all distances. This
general result is in contradiction with a theory put forward by Sogami,
Shinohara and Smalley, that we criticize and thoroughly reconsider to show how
the two approaches can be reconciled.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7117 </DOCNO>
Fundamental scaling laws of on-off intermittency in a stochastically


  Noise driven electroconvection in sandwich cells of nematic liquid crystals
exhibits on-off intermittent behaviour at the onset of the instability. We
study laser scattering of convection rolls to characterize the wavelengths and
the trajectories of the stochastic amplitudes of the intermittent structures.
The pattern wavelengths and the statistics of these trajectories are in
quantitative agreement with simulations of the linearized electrohydrodynamic
equations. The fundamental $\tau^{-3/2}$ distribution law for the durations
$\tau$ of laminar phases as well as the power law of the amplitude distribution
of intermittent bursts are confirmed in the experiments. Power spectral
densities of the experimental and numerically simulated trajectories are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73769 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of gluonic dissociation of $J/\psi$ in viscous QGP


  We have investigated the effect of viscosity on the gluonic dissociation of
$J/\psi$ in an equilibrating plasma. Suppression of $J/\psi$ due to gluonic
dissociation depend on the temperature and also on the chemical equilibration
rate. In an equilibrating plasma, viscosity affects the temperature evolution
and also the chemical equilibration rate, requiring both of them to evolve
slowly compared to their ideal counter part. For Au+Au collisions at RHIC and
LHC energies, gluonic dissociation of $J/\psi$ increases for a viscous plasma.
Low $P_T$ $J/\psi$'s are found to be more suppressed due to viscosity than the
high $P_T$ ones. Also the effect is more at LHC energy than at RHIC energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168286 </DOCNO>
Just How Final are Today's Quantum Structures?


  I present a selection of conceptual and mathematical problems in the
foundations of modern physics as they derive from the title question.
Contribution to a panel session, ``Springer Forum: Quantum Structures --
Physical, Mathematical and Epistemological Problems", held at the Biannual
Symposium of the International Quantum Structures Association, Liptovsky Jan,
September 1998. To appear in journal: Soft Computing (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 742 </DOCNO>
Electron Addition Spectrum in the Supersymmetric t-J Model with


  The electron addition spectrum A^+(k,omega) is obtained analytically for the
one-dimensional (1D) supersymmetric t-J model with 1/r^2 interaction. The
result is obtained first for a small-sized system and its validity is checked
against the numerical calculation. Then the general expression is found which
is valid for arbitrary size of the system. The thermodynamic limit of
A^+(k,omega) has a simple analytic form with contributions from one spinon, one
holon and one antiholon all of which obey fractional statistics. The upper edge
of A^+(k,omega) in the (k,omega) plane includes a delta-function peak which
reduces to that of the single-electron band in the low-density limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41654 </DOCNO>
Selecting Supersymmetric String Scenarios From Sparticle Spectra


  We approach the following question: if supersymmetry is discovered, how can
we select among different supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model? In
particular, we perform an analysis of the sparticle spectrum in low-energy
string effective theories, asking which observables best distinguish various
scenarios. We examine scenarios differing by the fundamental string scale and
concentrate on GUT and intermediate scale models. We scan over all parameters
(two goldstino angles, tan beta and the gravitino mass) in each scenario,
finding ratios of sparticle masses that provide the maximum discrimination
between them. The necessary accuracy for discrimination is determined in each
case. We find that the required accuracy on various sparticle mass ratios is at
the few percent level, a precision that may be achieved in future linear
colliders. We also map out phenomenologically viable regions of parameter
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128093 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the optical afterglow emission of the short/hard burst


  We report optical observations of the short/hard burst GRB 010119 error box,
one of the smallest error boxes reported to date for short/hard GRBs. Limits of
R > 22.3 and I > 21.2 are imposed by observations carried out 20.31 and 20.58
hours after the gamma-ray event, respectively. They represent the most
constraining limits imposed to date on the optical emission from a short/hard
gamma-ray burst afterglow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87004 </DOCNO>
Non-linear radial oscillations of neutron stars: Mode-coupling results


  The non-linear behaviour of oscillation modes in compact stars is a topic of
considerable current interest. Accurate numerical studies of such phenomena are
likely to require powerful new approaches to both fluid and spacetime
computations. We propose that a key ingredient of such methods will be the
non-linear evolution of deviations from the background stationary equilibrium
star. We investigate the feasibility of this approach by applying it to
non-linear radial oscillations of a neutron star, and explore numerically
various non-linear features of this problem, for a large range of amplitudes.
Quadratic and higher order mode coupling and non-linear transfer of energy is
demonstrated and analysed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41325 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Hadronic Cross Section at KLOE using the Radiative Return


  We present a study of the reaction e+e- \to pi+pi-gamma at the phi peak with
the KLOE detector at the phi-factory DAPHNE. This reaction allows us to obtain
the cross section for \e+e- \to pi+pi- from the e+e- center-of-mass energy W =
m_\phi = 1019 MeV down to threshold, i.e. 2m_pi < M_(pipi) < m_phi. This is
called radiative return. The status of the analysis and preliminary results on
the invariant mass spectrum of the two-pion-state are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74218 </DOCNO>
Electroproduction of psi' and polarized gluon distribution in a proton


  In order to get information about the polarized gluon distribution in a
proton, we studied the electroproduction of \psi' in polarized electron and
polarized proton collisions in the framework of the NRQCD factorization
approach. The value of the cross section d\Delta\sigma / dp_T^2 for color-octet
mechanism is about 5 times larger than that for color-singlet one, and it might
be another test of the color-octet model if the polarized gluon distribution
\Delta g(x) is well known. Furthermore, we found that this reaction is quite
effective for testing the model of gluon polarization by measuring the double
spin asymmetry A_{LL} for the initial electron and proton. Though the shape of
p_T^2 distribution of A_{LL} is quite similar for the production mechanism with
color-octet and color-singlet, we can see a big difference in A_{LL} among
various models of the polarized gluon distribution function \Delta g(x).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5786 </DOCNO>
Vacancy diffusion in the Cu(001) surface II: Random walk theory


  We develop a version of the vacancy mediated tracer diffusion model, which
follows the properties of the physical system of In atoms diffusing within the
top layer of Cu(001) terraces. This model differs from the classical tracer
diffusion problem in that (i) the lattice is finite, (ii) the boundary is a
trap for the vacancy, and (iii) the diffusion rate of the vacancy is different,
in our case strongly enhanced, in the neighborhood of the tracer atom. A simple
continuum solution is formulated for this problem, which together with the
numerical solution of the discrete model compares well with our experimental
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148889 </DOCNO>
(De)Constructing Dimensions and Non-commutative Geometry


  In this paper the model considered by Arkani-Hamed, Cohen and Georgi in the
context of (de)constructing dimensions has been studied by making use of
non-commutative geometry. The non-commutative geometry provides a natural
framework to study this model with or without gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129230 </DOCNO>
Observational Signatures of the Magnetic Connection between a Black Hole


  In this Letter we use a simple model to demonstrate the observational
signatures of the magnetic connection between a black hole and a disk: (1) With
the magnetic connection more energy is dissipated in and radiated away from
regions close to the center of the disk; (2) The magnetic connection can
produce a very steep emissivity compared to the standard accretion; (3) The
observational spectral signature of the magnetic connection can be robust.
These signatures may be identified with the observations of Chandra and
XMM-Newton. In fact, the steep emissivity index for the Seyfert 1 galaxy
MCG--6-30-15 inferred from the recent XMM-Newton observation is very difficult
to be explained with a standard accretion disk but can be easily explained with
the magnetic connection between a black hole and a disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125796 </DOCNO>
A catalogue of IJK photometry of Planetary Nebulae with DENIS


  Near-infrared photometry of planetary nebulae (PNe) allows the classification
of those objects. We present the largest homogeneous sample so far, obtained
with the Deep Near Infrared Southern Sky Survey (DENIS).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114085 </DOCNO>
Calculation of hydrodynamic mass for atomic impurities in helium


  We present a simple numerical procedure for calculating the irrotational
hydrodynamic flow in a helium solvation structure around a spherical solute in
linear motion through superfluid helium. The calculation requires only the
radial helium density around the impurity as input. From the resulting
irrotational flow, the helium contribution to the effective mass of the solute
is calculated. The results for alkali cations are compared to recent many-body
Variational Monte Carlo (VMC) calculations by M. Buzzacchi, D. E. Galli, and L.
Reatto (Phys. Rev. B., {\bf 64} 094512 (2001)). The helium contribution to the
effective masses calculated by the two methods are 12.9(4.6) versus 9.4 u for
Li$^+$, 48.2(5.6) versus 52.1 u for Na$^+$, 69.6(4.8) versus 70.1 u for K$^+$,
and 6.4(8.8) versus 6.8 for Cs$^+$, with the VMC result listed first (with one
$\sigma$ statistical error estimate) and the hydrodynamic result listed second.
For the cases of Na$^+$ and K$^+$, the hydrodynamic calculation treated the
first helium solvation shell as a rigid solid, as suggested by the VMC
calculations; treating the first solvent layer as part of the superfluid lead
to considerable underestimate, $\approx 50%$, of the mass increase in both
cases. In all cases, the agreement of the two results are in within the error
estimate of the VMC calculation, demonstrating the accuracy of hydrodynamic
treatment of helium motion even on the atomic length scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75712 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Three-Quark Bound States in Separable Two-Quark


  Baryons as relativistic bound states in 3-quark correlations are described by
an effective Bethe-Salpeter equation when irreducible 3-quark interactions are
neglected and separable 2-quark correlations are assumed. We present an
efficient numerical method to calculate the nucleon mass and its covariant wave
function in this quantum field theoretic quark-diquark model with
quark-exchange interaction. Expanding the components of the spinorial wave
function in terms of Chebyshev polynomials, the four-dimensional integral
equations are in a first step reduced to a coupled set of one-dimensional ones.
This set of linear and homogeneous equations defines a generalised eigenvalue
problem. Representing the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue,
the Chebyshev moments are then obtained by iteration. The nucleon mass is
implicitly determined by the eigenvalue, and its covariant wave function is
reconstructed from the moments within the Chebyshev approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148470 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Supersymmetric Tubes


  We investigate supersymmetric tubular configurations in the matrix theory. We
construct a host of BPS configurations of eight supersymmetries. They can be
regarded as cylindrical D2 branes carrying nonvanishing angular momentum. For
the simplest tube, the world volume can be described as noncommutative tube and
the world volume dynamics can be identified as a noncommutative gauge theory.
Among the BPS configurations, some describe excitations on the tube and others
describe many parallel tubes of different size and center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87164 </DOCNO>
Covariant Self-force Regularization of a Particle Orbiting a


  Covariant structure of the self-force of a particle in a general curved
background has been made clear in the cases of scalar [Quinn], electromagnetic
[DeWittBrehme], and gravitational charges [QuinnWald]. Namely, what we need is
the part of the self-field that is non-vanishing off and within the past
light-cone of particle's location, the so-called tail. The radiation reaction
force in the absence of external fields is entirely contained in the tail. In
this paper, we develop mathematical tools for the regularization and propose a
practical method to calculate the self-force of a particle orbiting a
Schwarzschild black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41696 </DOCNO>
Search for Yukawa Production of a Light Neutral Higgs Boson at LEP


  Within a Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) a search for a light Higgs boson in
the mass range of 4-12 GeV has been performed in the Yukawa process e+e- -> b
bbar A/h -> b bbar tau+tau-, using the data collected by the OPAL detector at
LEP between 1992 and 1995 in e+e- collisions at about 91 GeV centre-of-mass
energy. A likelihood selection is applied to separate background and signal.
The number of observed events is in good agreement with the expected
background. Within a CP-conserving 2HDM type II model the cross-section for
Yukawa production depends on xiAd = |tan beta| and xihd = |sin alpha/cos beta|
for the production of the CP-odd A and the CP-even h, respectively, where tan
beta is the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the Higgs doublets and
alpha is the mixing angle between the neutral CP-even Higgs bosons. From our
data 95% C.L. upper limits are derived for xiAd within the range of 8.5 to 13.6
and for xihd between 8.2 to 13.7, depending on the mass of the Higgs boson,
assuming a branching fraction into tau+tau- of 100%. An interpretation of the
limits within a 2HDM type II model with Standard Model particle content is
given. These results impose constraints on several models that have been
proposed to explain the recent BNL measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic
moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4028 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of self-gravitating systems


  Self-gravitating systems are expected to reach a statistical equilibrium
state either through collisional relaxation or violent collisionless
relaxation. However, a maximum entropy state does not always exist and the
system may undergo a ``gravothermal catastrophe'': it can achieve ever
increasing values of entropy by developing a dense and hot ``core'' surrounded
by a low density ``halo''. In this paper, we study the phase transition between
``equilibrium'' states and ``collapsed'' states with the aid of a simple
relaxation equation [Chavanis, Sommeria and Robert, Astrophys. J. 471, 385
(1996)] constructed so as to increase entropy with an optimal rate while
conserving mass and energy. With this numerical algorithm, we can cover the
whole bifurcation diagram in parameter space and check, by an independent
method, the stability limits of Katz [Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 183, 765 (1978)]
and Padmanabhan [Astrophys. J. Supp. 71, 651 (1989)]. When no equilibrium state
exists, our relaxation equation develops a self-similar collapse leading to a
finite time singularity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3947 </DOCNO>
Long-Time Effects in a Simulation Model of Sputter Erosion


  A simple (2+1) dimensional discrete model is introduced to study the
evolution of solid surface morphologies during ion-beam sputtering. The model
is based on the same assumptions about the erosion process as the existing
analytic theories. Due to its simple structure, simulations of the model can be
performed on time scales, where effects beyond the linearized theory become
important. Whereas for short times we observe the formation of ripple
structures in accordance with the linearized theory, we find a rough surface
with scaling properties for intermediate times. The long time behavior of the
model strongly depends on the surface relaxation mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97683 </DOCNO>
A proof of a homeomorphism theorem of Waldhausen


  We give a short proof of Waldhausen's homeomorphism theorem for orientable
Haken 3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129035 </DOCNO>
Acoustic peaks and dips in the CMB power spectrum: observational data


  The locations and amplitudes of three acoustic peaks and two dips in the last
releases of the Boomerang, MAXIMA and DASI measurements of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) anisotropy power spectra as well as their statistical
confidence levels are determined in a model-independent way. It is shown that
the Boomerang-2001 data (Netterfield et al. 2001) fixes the location and
amplitude of the first acoustic peak at more than 3\sigma confidence level. The
next two peaks and dips are determined at a confidence level above 1\sigma but
below 2\sigma. The locations and amplitudes of the first three peaks and two
dips are 212+/-17, 5426+/-1218\mu K^2, 544+/-56, 2266+/-607\mu K^2, 843+/-35,
2077+/-876\mu K^2, 413+/-50, 1960+/-503\mu K^2, 746+/-89, 1605+/-650\mu K^2
respectively (1\sigma errors include statistical and systematic errors). The
MAXIMA and DASI experiments give similar values for the extrema which they
determine. The determined cosmological parameters from the CMB acoustic extrema
data show good agreement with other determinations, especially with the baryon
content as deduced from standard nucleosynthesis constraints. These data
supplemented by the constraints from direct measurements of some cosmological
parameters and data on large scale structure lead to a best-fit model which
agrees with practically all the used experimental data within 1\sigma. The
best-fit parameters are: \Omega_{\Lambda}=0.64^{+0.14}_{-0.27}, \Omega_{m}=
0.36^{+0.21}_{-0.11}, \Omega_b=0.047^{+0.093}_{-0.024},
n_s=1.0^{+0.59}_{-0.17}, h=0.65^{+0.35}_{-0.27} and \tau_c=0.15^{+0.95}_{-0.15}
(plus/minus values show 1\sigma upper/lower limits obtained by marginalization
over all other model parameters). The best-fit values of \Omega_{\nu} and T/S
are close to zero, their 1\sigma upper limits are 0.17 and 1.7 respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99126 </DOCNO>
The border of the Hilbert function of a set of points in P^{n_1} x ... x


  We describe the eventual behaviour of the Hilbert function of a set of
distinct points in P^{n_1} x ... x P^{n_k}. As a consequence of this result, we
show that the Hilbert function of a set of points in P^{n_1} x ... x P^{n_k}
can be determined by computing the Hilbert function at only a finite number of
values. Our result extends the result that the Hilbert function of a set of
points in P^n stabilizes at the cardinality of the set of points. Motivated by
our result, we introduce the notion of the_border_ of the Hilbert function of a
set of points. By using the Gale-Ryser Theorem, a classical result about
(0,1)-matrices, we characterize all the possible borders for the Hilbert
function of a set of distinct points in P^1 x P^1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1164 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in an organic insulator at very high magnetic fields


  We investigate by electrical transport the field-induced superconducting
state (FISC) in the organic conductor $\lambda$-(BETS)$_2$FeCl$_4$. Below 4 K,
antiferromagnetic-insulator, metallic, and eventually superconducting (FISC)
ground states are observed with increasing in-plane magnetic field. The FISC
state survives between 18 and 41 T, and can be interpreted in terms of the
Jaccarino-Peter effect, where the external magnetic field {\em compensates} the
exchange field of aligned Fe$^{3+}$ ions. We further argue that the Fe$^{3+}$
moments are essential to stabilize the resulting singlet, two-dimensional
superconducting state

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73295 </DOCNO>
QCD Spectroscopy at Gsi: Exotica and Charmonia


  In this talk I give a short summary of the basics of conventional and exotic
meson spectroscopy, and consider in particular those issues in the charmonium
and charmonium hybrid sectors which can be addressed by a future antiproton
facility at GSI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114273 </DOCNO>
Rate of steady-state reconnection in an incompressible plasma


  The reconnection rate is obtained for the simplest case of 2D symmetric
reconnection in an incompressible plasma. In the short note (Erkaev et al.,
Phys. Rev. Lett.,84, 1455 (2000)), the reconnection rate is found by matching
the outer Petschek solution and the inner diffusion region solution. Here the
details of the numerical simulation of the diffusion region are presented and
the asymptotic procedure which is used for deriving the reconnection rate is
described. The reconnection rate is obtained as a decreasing function of the
diffusion region length. For a sufficiently large diffusion region scale, the
reconnection rate becomes close to that obtained in the Sweet-Parker solution
with the inverse square root dependence on the magnetic Reynolds number,
determined for the global size of the current sheet. On the other hand, for a
small diffusion region length scale, the reconnection rate turns out to be very
similar to that obtained in the Petschek model with a logarithmic dependence on
the magnetic Reynolds number. This means that the Petschek regime seems to be
possible only in the case of a strongly localized conductivity corresponding to
a small scale of the diffusion region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86764 </DOCNO>
A Practical Theorem on Gravitational Wave Backgrounds


  There is an extremely simple relationship between the spectrum of the
gravitational wave background produced by a cosmological distribution of
discrete gravitational wave sources, the total time-integrated energy spectrum
of an individual source, and the present-day comoving number density of
remnants. Stated in this way, the background is entirely independent of the
cosmology, and only weakly dependent on the evolutionary history of the
sources. This relationship allows one easily to compute the amplitude and
spectrum of cosmic gravitational wave backgrounds from a broad range of
astrophysical sources, and to evaluate the uncertainties therein.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127427 </DOCNO>
Chemical abundance patterns -- fingerprints of nucleosynthesis in the


  The interstellar medium of low-metallicity systems undergoing star formation
will show chemical abundance inhomogeneities due to supernova events enriching
the medium on a local scale. If the star formation time-scale is shorter than
the time-scale of mixing of the interstellar matter, the inhomogeneities are
reflected in the surface abundances of low-mass stars and thereby detailed
information on the nucleosynthesis in the first generations of supernovae is
preserved. Characteristic patterns and substructures are therefore expected to
be found, apart from the large scatter behaviour, in the distributions of stars
when displayed in diagrams relating different element abundance ratios. These
patterns emerge from specific variations with progenitor stellar mass of the
supernova yields and it is demonstrated that the patterns are insensitive to
the initial mass function (IMF) even though the relative density of stars
within the patterns may vary. An analytical theory of the formation of patterns
is presented and it is shown that from a statistical point of view the
abundance ratios can trace the different nucleosynthesis sites even when mixing
of the interstellar medium occurs. Using these results, it should be possible
to empirically determine supernova yields from the information on relative
abundance ratios of a large, homogeneous sample of extremely metal-poor
Galactic halo stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4521 </DOCNO>
The Fractional Quantum Hall effect in an array of quantum wires


  We demonstrate the emergence of the quantum Hall (QH) hierarchy in a 2D model
of coupled quantum wires in a perpendicular magnetic field. At commensurate
values of the magnetic field, the system can develop instabilities to
appropriate inter-wire electron hopping processes that drive the system into a
variety of QH states. Some of the QH states are not included in the
Haldane-Halperin hierarchy. In addition, we find operators allowed at any field
that lead to novel crystals of Laughlin quasiparticles. We demonstrate that any
QH state is the groundstate of a Hamiltonian that we explicitly construct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179237 </DOCNO>
Update on Partial-Wave Analysis


  Partial-wave analysis is one step in a process connecting experimental
measurements to the N* states we are studying. Progress has been made in the
area of `model-independent' analysis. However, more model-dependent approaches
are needed to cover broader energy ranges. An example of the problems faced by
these more ambitious analyses is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86427 </DOCNO>
Are Small Hyperbolic Universes Observationally Detectable?


  Using recent observational constraints on cosmological density parameters,
together with recent mathematical results concerning small volume hyperbolic
manifolds, we argue that, by employing pattern repetitions, the topology of
nearly flat small hyperbolic universes can be observationally undetectable.
This is important in view of the facts that quantum cosmology may favour
hyperbolic universes with small volumes, and from the expectation coming from
inflationary scenarios, that $\Omega_0$ is likely to be very close to one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126418 </DOCNO>
Color Separation of Galaxy Types in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging


  We study the optical colors of 147,920 galaxies brighter than g* = 21,
observed in five bands by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) over ~100 sq.
deg. of high Galactic latitude sky along the Celestial Equator. The
distribution of galaxies in the g*-r* vs. u*-g* color--color diagram is
strongly bimodal, with an optimal color separator of u*-r* = 2.22. We use
visual morphology and spectral classification of subsamples of 287 and 500
galaxies respectively, to show that the two peaks correspond roughly to early
(E, S0, Sa) and late (Sb, Sc, Irr) type galaxies, as expected from their
different stellar populations. We also find that the colors of galaxies are
correlated with their radial profiles, as measured by the concentration index
and by the likelihoods of exponential and de Vaucouleurs' profile fits. While
it is well known that late type galaxies are bluer than early type galaxies,
this is the first detection of a local minimum in their color distribution. In
all SDSS bands, the counts vs. apparent magnitude relations for the two color
types are significantly different, and indicate that the fraction of blue
galaxies increases towards the faint end.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128164 </DOCNO>
History of mass assembly and star formation in clusters


  We present deep, panoramic multi-color imaging of the distant rich cluster
A851 (z=0.41) using Suprime-Cam on Subaru. These images cover a 27' field of
view (~11 h_{50}^{-1}Mpc), and by exploiting photometric redshifts, we can
isolate galaxies in a narrow redshift slice at the cluster redshift. Using a
sample of ~2700 probable cluster members (<M*+4), we trace the network of
filaments and subclumps around the cluster core. The depth of our observations,
combined with the identification of filamentary structure, gives us an
unprecedented opportunity to test the influence of the environment on the
properties of low luminosity galaxies. We find an abrupt change in the colors
of faint galaxies (>M*+1) at a local density of 100 gal. Mpc^{-2}. The
transition in the color-local density behavior occurs at densities
corresponding to subclumps within the filaments surrounding the cluster.
Identifying the sites where the transition occurs brings us much closer to
understanding the mechanisms which are responsible for establishing the
present-day relationship between environment and galaxy characteristics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1722 </DOCNO>
Spectra and eigenvectors of scale-free networks


  We study the spectra and eigenvectors of the adjacency matrices of scale-free
networks when bi-directional interaction is allowed, so that the adjacency
matrix is real and symmetric. The spectral density shows an exponential decay
around the center, followed by power-law long tails at both spectrum edges. The
largest eigenvalue \lambda_1 depends on system size N as \lambda_1 \sim N^{1/4}
for large N, and the corresponding eigenfunction is strongly localized at the
hub, the vertex with largest degree. The component of the normalized
eigenfunction at the hub is of order unity. We also find that the mass gap
scales as N^{-0.68}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75089 </DOCNO>
Supernova SN1987A Bound on Neutrino Spectra for R-Process


  The neutrino driven wind during a core collapse supernova is an attractive
site for r-process nucleosynthesis. The electron fraction $Y_e$ in the wind
depends on observable neutrino energies and luminosities. The mean antineutrino
energy is limited by supernova SN1987A data while lepton number conservation
constrains the ratio of antineutrino to neutrino luminosities. If $Y_e$, in the
wind, is to be suitable for rapid neutron capture nucleosynthesis, then the
mean electron neutrino energy may be significantly lower then that predicted in
present supernova simulations, or there may be new neutrino physics such as
oscillations to sterile neutrinos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7493 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Field Theory and the Dynamics of Quantum Hall Fluids


  We study the spectrum of density fluctuations of Fractional Hall Fluids in
the context of the noncommutative hidrodynamical model of Susskind. We show
that, within the weak-field expansion, the leading correction to the
noncommutative Chern--Simons Lagrangian (a Maxwell term in the effective
action,) destroys the incompressibility of the Hall fluid due to strong UV/IR
effects at one loop. We speculate on possible relations of this instability
with the transition to the Wigner crystal, and conclude that calculations
within the weak-field expansion must be carried out with an explicit
ultraviolet cutoff at the noncommutativity scale. We point out that the
noncommutative dipoles exactly match the spatial structure of the
Halperin--Kallin quasiexcitons. Therefore, we propose that the noncommutative
formalism must describe accurately the spectrum at very large momenta, provided
no weak-field approximations are made. We further conjecture that the
noncommutative open Wilson lines are `vertex operators' for the quasiexcitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 849 </DOCNO>
Phase Separation Models for Cuprate Stripe Arrays


  An electronic phase separation model provides a natural explanation for a
large variety of experimental results in the cuprates, including evidence for
both stripes and larger domains, and a termination of the phase separation in
the slightly overdoped regime, when the average hole density equals that on the
charged stripes. Several models are presented for charged stripes, showing how
density waves, superconductivity, and strong correlations compete with quantum
size effects (QSEs) in narrow stripes. The energy bands associated with the
charged stripes develop in the middle of the Mott gap, and the splitting of
these bands can be understood by considering the QSE on a single ladder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6899 </DOCNO>
Remarks on $(1-q)$ expansion and factorization approximation in the


  The validity of (1-q) expansion and factorization approximations are analysed
in the framework of Tsallis statistics. We employ exact expressions for
classical independent systems (harmonic oscillators) by considering the
unnormalized and normalized constrainsts. We show that these approxiamtions can
not be accurate in the analysis of systems with many degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3912 </DOCNO>
Conformal off-diagonal boundary density profiles on a semi-infinite


  The off-diagonal profile phi(v) associated with a local operator (order
parameter or energy density) close to the boundary of a semi-infinite strip
with width L is obtained at criticality using conformal methods. It involves
the surface exponent x_phi^s and displays a simple universal behaviour which
crosses over from surface finite-size scaling when v/L is held constant to
corner finite-size scaling when v/L -> 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81035 </DOCNO>
Color-Flavor Transformation for the Special Unitary Group and


  The color-flavor transformation for the unitary group (Zirnbauer 1996) is
extended to the special unitary group. The resulting partition function is
represented as sum over disconnected sectors characterized by a U(1)-charge.
Application to low energy QCD on a lattice leads to a theory where the inverse
number of colors appears as expansion parameter. We use a saddle point
approximation to estimate the partition function both in the pure mesonic
sector and in the case of a single baryon on a mesonic background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83799 </DOCNO>
The Effect of Native Language on Internet Usage


  Our goal is to distinguish between the following two hypotheses: (A) The
Internet will remain disproportionately in English and will, over time, cause
more people to learn English as second language and thus solidify the role of
English as a global language. This outcome will prevail even though there are
more native Chinese and Spanish speakers than there are native English
speakers. (B) As the Internet matures, it will more accurately reflect the
native languages spoken around the world (perhaps weighted by purchasing power)
and will not promote English as a global language.
  English's "early lead" on the web is more likely to persist if those who are
not native English speakers frequently access the large number of English
language web sites that are currently available. In that case, many existing
web sites will have little incentive to develop non-English versions of their
sites, and new sites will tend to gravitate towards English. The key empirical
question, therefore, is whether individuals whose native language is not
English use the Web, or certain types of Web sites, less than do native English
speakers. In order to examine this issue empirically, we employ a unique data
set on Internet use at the individual level in Canada from Media Metrix. Canada
provides an ideal setting to examine this issue because English is one of the
two official languages.
  Our preliminary results suggest that English web sites are not a barrier to
Internet use for French-speaking Quebecois. These preliminary results are
consistent with the scenario in which the Internet will promote English as a
global language.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114538 </DOCNO>
Software and Sociology in UK Astronomy


  I discuss the remit of Starlink's software strategy groups and a particular
item on the agenda of a meeting of the image processing software strategy group
held on 26th January 2001: `Why don't people use Starlink software?'. The
answer to this question was speculated to be primarily a sociological effect:
those people supervising UK astronomy Ph.D. students are largely people who had
learnt their trade at a time when Starlink had a less than perfect reputation.
I report on the recommendations made to Starlink to counter this effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86032 </DOCNO>
A family of quantum interiors for ordinary and stringy black holes II:


  A family of spacetimes suitable for describing the matter conditions of a
static, spherically symmetric quantum vacuum is studied, as well as its
reliability for describing a regular model for the interior of a semiclassical,
static black hole ---without ever invoking a mass shell for the final object.
In paper I, this condition was seen to limit the search to only one,
distinguished family, that was investigated in detail. Here it will be proven
that, aside from being mathematically generic (in its uniqueness), this family
exhibits beautiful physical properties, that one would reasonably demand from a
collapse process, including the remarkable result that isotropization may take
place conveniently far from the (unavoidable) regularization scale. The
analysis is also extended in order to include the possibility of a stringy
core, always within the limits imposed by the semiclassical approach to
gravitation. This constitutes a first approximation to the final goal of trying
to characterize a regular, self-gravitating, stringy black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127957 </DOCNO>
Radial Color Gradients in K+A Galaxies in Distant Clusters of Galaxies


  Galaxies in rich clusters with z $\gtrsim$ 0.3 are observed to have a higher
fraction of photometrically blue galaxies than their nearby counterparts. This
raises the important question of what environmental effects can cause the
termination of star formation between z $\approx$ 0.3 and the present. The
star formation may be truncated due to ram-pressure stripping, or the gas in
the disk may be depleted by an episode of star formation caused by some
external perturbation. To help resolve this issue, surface photometry was
carried out for a total of 70 early-type galaxies in the cluster Cl1358+62, at
z $\sim$ 0.33, using two-color images from the Hubble Archive. The
galaxies were divided into two categories based on spectroscopic criteria: 24
are type K+A (e.g., strong Balmer lines, with no visible emission lines), while
the remaining 46 are in the control sample with normal spectra. Radial color
profiles were produced to see if the K+A galaxies show bluer nuclei in relation
to their surrounding disks. Specifically, a linear gradient was fit to the
radial color profile of each galaxy. We find that the K+A galaxies on average
tend to have slightly bluer gradients towards the center than the normals. A
Kolmogorov-Smirnov two-sample test has been applied to the two sets of color
gradients. The result of the test indicates that there is only a $\sim$2%
probability that the K+A and normal samples are drawn from the same parent
distribution. There is a possible complication from a trend in the apparent
magnitude vs. color gradient relation, but overall our results favor the
centralized star formation scenario as an important process in the evolution of
galaxies in dense clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74689 </DOCNO>
Some Aspects of Brane Inflation


  The inflaton potential in four-dimensional theory is rather arbitrary, and
fine-tuning is required generically. By contrast, inflation in the brane world
scenario has the interesting feature that the inflaton potential is motivated
from higher dimensional gravity, or more generally, from bulk modes or string
theory. We emphasize this feature with examples. We also consider the impact on
the spectrum of density perturbation from a velocity-dependent potential
between branes in the brane inflationary scenario. It is likely that such a
potential can have an observable effect on the ratio of tensor to scalar
perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3622 </DOCNO>
Collapse in $1/r^\alpha$ interacting systems


  Collapse, or a gravitational-like phase transition is studied in a
microcanonical ensemble of particles with an attractive $1/r^{\alpha}$
potential. A mean field continuous integral equation is used to determine a
saddle-point density profile that extremizes the entropy functional. For all
$0<\alpha<3$, a critical energy is determined below which the entropy of the
system exhibits a discontinuous jump. If an effective short-range cutoff is
applied, the entropy jump is finite; if not, the entropy diverges to $+\infty$.
A stable integral equation solution represents a state with maximal entropy;
the reverse is always true only for a modified integral equation introduced
here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98764 </DOCNO>
Automatic structures for torus link groups


  A general result of Epstein and Thurston implies that all link groups are
automatic, but the proof provides no explicit automaton. Here we show that the
groups of all torus links are groups of fractions of so-called Garside monoids,
i.e., roughly speaking, monoids with a good theory of divisibility, which
allows us to reprove that those groups are automatic, but, in addition, gives a
completely explicit description of the involved automata, thus partially
answering a question of D.F.Holt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73081 </DOCNO>
Heavy-quarkonium hadron cross section in QCD at leading twist


  We compute the total cross section of a heavy quarkonium on a hadron target
in leading twist QCD, including target mass corrections. Our method relies on
the analytical continuation of the operator product expansion of the scattering
amplitude, obtained long ago by Bhanot and Peskin. The cross section has a
simple partonic form, which allows us to investigate the phenomenology of J/psi
and Upsilon dissociation by both pions and protons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87251 </DOCNO>
On Principle of Universality of Gravitational Interactions


  In this work, the experiment is discussed on the verification of the
principle of universality of gravitational interactions and some related
problems of gravity theory and physics of elementary particles. The meaning of
this proposal lies in the fact that the self-consistency of General Relativity,
as it turns out, presuppose the existence of the nongravitating form of energy.
Theory predicts that electrons are particles that transfer the nongravitating
form of energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149052 </DOCNO>
Strings as Flux Tube and Deconfinement on Branes in Gauge Theories


  We propose gauge theories in which the unstable branes and the fundamental
string are realized as classical solutions. While the former are represented by
domain wall like configurations of a scalar field coupled to the gauge field,
the latter is by a confined flux tube in the bulk. It is shown that the
confined flux tube is really a source of the bulk B-field. Our model also
provides a natural scenario of the confinement on the brane in the context of
the open string tachyon condensation. It is also argued that the fundamental
string can be realized as a classical solution in a certain IIB matrix model as
in our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168322 </DOCNO>
Noise and Order in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics


  In this paper we investigate the various aspects of noise and order in the
micromaser system. In particular, we study the effect of adding fluctuations to
the atom cavity transit time or to the atom-photon frequency detuning. By
including such noise-producing mechanisms we study the probability and the
joint probability for excited atoms to leave the cavity. The influence of such
fluctuations on the phase structure of the micromaser as well as on the
long-time atom correlation length is also discussed. We also derive the
asymptotic form of micromaser observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98732 </DOCNO>
On the Canonical Ring of Covers of Surfaces of Minimal Degree


  Let f be a generically finite morphism from X to Y. The purpose of this paper
is to show how the O_Y algebra structure on the push forward of O_X controls
algebro-geometric aspects of X like the ring generation of graded rings
associated to X and the very ampleness of line bundles on X. As the main
application of this we prove some new results for certain regular surfaces X of
general type. Precisely, we find the degrees of the generators of the canonical
ring of X when the canonical morphism of X is a finite cover of a surface of
minimal degree. These results complement results of Ciliberto [Ci] and Green
[G]. The techniques of this paper also yield different proofs of some earlier
results, such as Noether's theorem for certain kinds of curves and some results
on Calabi-Yau threefolds that had appeared in [GP2].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 673 </DOCNO>
Dynamic modeling of gene expression data


  We describe the time evolution of gene expression levels by using a time
translational matrix to predict future expression levels of genes based on
their expression levels at some initial time. We deduce the time translational
matrix for previously published DNA microarray gene expression data sets by
modeling them within a linear framework using the characteristic modes obtained
by singular value decomposition. The resulting time translation matrix provides
a measure of the relationships among the modes and governs their time
evolution. We show that a truncated matrix linking just a few modes is a good
approximation of the full time translation matrix. This finding suggests that
the number of essential connections among the genes is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174630 </DOCNO>
The nucleon-nucleon interaction


  We review the major progress of the past decade concerning our understanding
of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The focus is on the low-energy region
(below pion production threshold), but a brief outlook towards higher energies
is also given. The items discussed include charge-dependence, the precise value
of the $\pi NN$ coupling constant, phase shift analysis and high-precision NN
data and potentials. We also address the issue of a proper theory of nuclear
forces. Finally, we summarize the essential open questions that future research
should be devoted to.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97651 </DOCNO>
Exceptional Discrete Mapping Class Group Orbits in Moduli Spaces


  Let $M$ be a four-holed sphere and $\Gamma$ the mapping class group of $M$
fixing $\partial M$. The group $\Gamma$ acts on the space ${\mathcal
M}_{\mathcal B}(SU(2))$ of SU(2)-gauge equivalence classes of flat
SU(2)-connections on $M$ with fixed holonomy on $\partial M$. We give examples
of flat SU(2)-connections whose holonomy groups are dense in SU(2), but whose
$\Gamma$-orbits are discrete in ${\mathcal M}_{\mathcal B}(SU(2))$. This
phenomenon does not occur for surfaces with genus greater than zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179115 </DOCNO>
Testing Dirac-Brueckner models in collective flow of heavy-ion


  We investigate differential in-plane and out-of-plane flow observables in
heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies from $0.2\div 2$ AGeV within the
framework of relativistic BUU transport calculations. The mean field is based
on microscopic Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (DBHF) calculations. We apply two
different sets of DBHF predictions, those of ter Haar and Malfliet and more
recent ones from the T\"ubingen group, which are similar in general but differ
in details. The latter DBHF calculations exclude spurious contributions from
the negative energy sector to the mean field which results in a slightly softer
equation of state and a less repulsive momentum dependence of the
nucleon-nucleus potential at high densities and high momenta. For the
application to heavy ion collisions in both cases non-equilibrium features of
the phase space are taken into account on the level of the effective
interaction. The systematic comparison to experimental data favours the less
repulsive and softer model. Relative to non-relativistic approaches one obtains
larger values of the effective nucleon mass. This produces a sufficient amount
of repulsion to describe the differential flow data reasonably well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1183 </DOCNO>
Electron Dynamics in Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{.15}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$: Evidence for


  Infrared reflectance measurements were made with light polarized along the a-
and c-axis of both superconducting and antiferromagnetic phases of electron
doped Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{.15}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$. The results are compared to
characteristic features of the electromagnetic response in hole doped cuprates.
Within the CuO$_2$ planes the frequency dependent scattering rate,
1/$\tau(\omega)$, is depressed below $\sim$ 650 cm$^{-1}$; this behavior is a
hallmark of the pseudogap state. While in several hole doped compounds the
energy scales associated with the pseudogap and superconducting states are
quite close, we are able to show that in Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{.15}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$
the two scales differ by more than one order of magnitude. Another feature of
the in-plane charge response is a peak in the real part of the conductivity,
$\sigma_1(\omega)$, at 50-110 cm$^{-1}$ which is in sharp contrast with the
Drude-like response where $\sigma_1(\omega)$ is centered at $\omega=0$. This
latter effect is similar to what is found in disordered hole doped cuprates and
is discussed in the context of carrier localization. Examination of the c-axis
conductivity gives evidence for an anomalously broad frequency range from which
the interlayer superfluid is accumulated. Compelling evidence for the pseudogap
state as well as other characteristics of the charge dynamics in
Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{.15}$CuO$_{4+\delta}$ signal global similarities of the cuprate
phase diagram with respect to electron and hole doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86864 </DOCNO>
Critical phenomena in Newtonian gravity


  We investigate the stability of self-similar solutions for a gravitationally
collapsing isothermal sphere in Newtonian gravity by means of a normal mode
analysis. It is found that the Hunter series of solutions are highly unstable,
while neither the Larson-Penston solution nor the homogeneous collapse one have
an analytic unstable mode. Since the homogeneous collapse solution is known to
suffer the kink instability, the present result and recent numerical
simulations strongly support a proposition that the Larson-Penston solution
will be realized in astrophysical situations. It is also found that the Hunter
(A) solution has a single unstable mode, which implies that it is a critical
solution associated with some critical phenomena which are analogous to those
in general relativity. The critical exponent $\gamma$ is calculated as
$\gamma\simeq 0.10567$. In contrast to the general relativistic case, the order
parameter will be the collapsed mass. In order to obtain a complete picture of
the Newtonian critical phenomena, full numerical simulations will be needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127390 </DOCNO>
HD 12098 - A new norhtern hemisphere roAp star


  We present the analysis of 65 hours of high speed photometric observations of
HD 12098 taken from State Observatory, Naini Tal and Gurushikhar Observatory,
Mt.Abu on sixteen nights spanning from November 1999 to November 2000. HD 12098
is the first rapidly oscillating Ap star discovered from the `Naini Tal-Cape
survey for northern hemisphere roAp stars'. It is the 32nd in the complete
list. HD 12098 exhibits one predominant mode of oscillation at nu_1 = 2.1738
mHz. The second-most significant frequency in our data is at nu_2 = 2.1641 mHz
with a 1 cycle/day alias ambiguity. We argue that nu_2 is a rotational sidelobe
of nu_1, rather than an independent pulsation mode. Evidence for the presence
of two other frequencies at 2.1807 and 2.3056 mHz is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2302 </DOCNO>
Chromatin: a tunable spring at work inside chromosomes


  This paper focuses on mechanical aspects of chromatin biological functioning.
Within a basic geometric modeling of the chromatin assembly, we give for the
first time the complete set of elastic constants (twist and bend persistence
lengths, stretch modulus and twist-stretch coupling constant) of the so-called
30-nm chromatin fiber, in terms of DNA elastic properties and geometric
properties of the fiber assembly. The computation naturally embeds the fiber
within a current analytical model known as the ``extensible worm-like rope'',
allowing a straightforward prediction of the force-extension curves. We show
that these elastic constants are strongly sensitive to the linker length, up to
1 bp, or equivalently to its twist, and might locally reach very low values,
yielding a highly flexible and extensible domain in the fiber. In particular,
the twist-stretch coupling constant, reflecting the chirality of the chromatin
fiber, exhibits steep variations and sign changes when the linker length is
varied.
 We argue that this tunable elasticity might be a key feature for chromatin
function, for instance in the initiation and regulation of transcription.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128573 </DOCNO>
Temperature predictions for dust embedded AGB stars: how far can we go


  We discuss the possibilities of the BaSeL models in its lowest temperature
boundary (Teff ~ 2500 K for cool giants) to provide the Teff of AGB stars. We
present the first step of our work, by comparing our predictions for the AGB
star R Fornacis with the results of Lorenz-Martins & Lefevre (1994) based on
the dust spectral energy distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129449 </DOCNO>
RR Lyrae variables in Omega Centauri: a theoretical route


  We present a theoretical approach to infer information about RR Lyrae
variables from the morphology of their light curves. The method, already
successfully applied to the field first overtone variable U Comae, is now
tested on a RR$_{\mathrm ab}$ variable in the globular cluster $\omega$ Cen. We
show that, with this method, it could be possible to give an estimate of the
distance modulus of the cluster with an uncertainty not larger than $\pm$0.1
mag. The predicted variable luminosity and mass are well within the range of
theoretical evolutionary expectations giving the ``feeling'' of a full
compatibility between pulsational and evolutionary theory. However, before
completely relying on the method, further tests are needed; the goal is that a
well tested and well calibrated pulsational theory could provide reliable
distance moduli from just one (or few) RR Lyrae stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123438 </DOCNO>
Evolution of globular cluster systems in three galaxies of the Fornax


  We studied and compared the radial profiles of globular clusters and of the
stellar bulge component in three galaxies of the Fornax cluster observed with
the WFPC2 of the HST. A careful comparative analysis of these distributions
confirms that stars are more concentrated toward the galactic centres than
globular clusters, in agreement with what was observed in many other galaxies.
If the observed difference is the result of evolution of the globular cluster
system sstarting from initial profiles similar to those of the halo--bulge
stellar components, a relevant fraction of their mass (74%, 47%, 52% for NGC
1379, NGC 1399 and NGC 1404, respectively) is disappeared in the inner regions,
likely contributing to the nuclear field population, local dynamics and high
energy phenomena in the primeval life of the galaxy. An indication in favour of
the evolutionary interpretation of the difference between the globular cluster
system and stellar bulge radial profiles is given by the positive correlation
we found between the value of the mass lost from the GCS and the central
galactic black hole mass in the set of seven galaxies for which these data are
available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126742 </DOCNO>
Determining the Gamma-Ray Burst Rate as a Function of Redshift


  We exploit the 14 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with known redshifts z and the 7
GRBs for which there are constraints on z to determine the GRB rate R_{GRB}(z),
using a method based on Bayesian inference. We find that, despite the
qualitative differences between the observed GRB rate and estimates of the SFR
in the universe, current data are consistent with R_{GRB}(z) being proportional
to the SFR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72766 </DOCNO>
Upper Limits on Sparticle Masses from g-2 and the Possibility for


  We analyze the implications of the new physics effect seen in the $g-2$
Brookhaven measurement and show that if the effect arises from supersymmetry,
then the sign of the Higgs mixing parameter $\mu$ is determined to be positive
in the standard sign convention. Further, analyses within the minimal
supergravity model show that the Brookhaven result leads to upper limits on the
universal gaugino and scalar masses of $m_{1/2}\leq 800$ GeV and $m_0\leq 1.5$
TeV for $\tan\beta\leq 55$. Our analysis strongly suggests that supersymmetry
via production of sparticles must be found at the Large Hadron Collider.
Further, sign($\mu$) positive is favorable for the discovery of supersymmetric
cold dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96906 </DOCNO>
Discretization, Moyal, and integrability


  Connections of KP, qKP, and Moyal type dKP constructions are developed. Some
expansion of the Moyal KP procedures of Kemmoku-Saito is given with
clarification of the role of spectral variables as a phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128338 </DOCNO>
Modelling the Spectral Signatures of Accretion Disk Winds in Cataclysmic


  Bipolar outflows are known to be present in many disk-accreting astrophysical
systems. In disk-dominated cataclysmic variables, these outflows are
responsible for most of the features in UV and FUV spectra. However, there have
been very few attempts to model the features that appear in the spectra of
disk-accreting cataclysmic variables quantitatively. The modelling that has
been attempted has been concentrated almost entirely on explaining the shape of
C IV.
  Here we describe a new hybrid Monte Carlo/Sobolev code that allows a
synthesis of the complete UV spectrum of a disk-dominated cataclysmic variable.
A large range of azimuthally-symmetric wind geometries can be modelled. Changes
in line shape in eclipsing systems can also be studied. Features in the
synthesized spectra include not only well-known resonance lines of O VI, NV, Si
IV, and C IV, but, with an appropriate choice of mass loss rate and wind
geometry, many of the lines originating from excited lower states that are
observed in HUT, FUSE, and ORFEUS spectra. The line profiles of C IV resemble
those calculated by previous workers, when an identical geometry is assumed. We
compare the synthesized spectra to HUT spectrum of Z Cam, showing that in this
case a reasonably good ``fit'' to the spectrum can be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126317 </DOCNO>
Environment and Galaxy Evolution at Intermediate Redshift in the CNOC2


  (abridged) The systematic variation of galaxy colors and types with
clustering environment could either be the result of local conditions at
formation or subsequent environmental effects as larger scale structures draw
together galaxies whose stellar mass is largely in place. At z~0.4 the
co-moving galaxy correlation length, r_0, measured in the CNOC2 sample is
strongly color dependent, rising from 2/h Mpc to nearly 10/h Mpc as the
volume-limited subsamples range from blue to red. The luminosity dependence of
r_0 at z~0.4 is weak below L_ast although there is an upturn at high luminosity
where its interpretation depends on separating it from the r_0-color relation.
The dominant effect of the group environment on star formation is seen in the
radial gradient of the mean galaxy colors which on the average become redder
than the field toward the group centers. The redder-than-field trend applies to
groups with a line-of-sight velocity dispersion, sigma_1>150 kms. There is an
indication, somewhat statistically insecure, that the high luminosity galaxies
in groups with sigma_1<125 kms become bluer toward the group center. We
conclude that the higher velocity dispersion groups largely act to suppress
star formation relative to the less clustered field, leading to ``embalmed''
galaxies. The tidal fields within the groups appear to be a strong candidate
for the physical source of the reduction of star formation in group galaxies
relative to field. Tides operate effectively at all velocity dispersions to
remove gas rich companions and low density gas in galactic halos. Given that
much of the field population is in groups we suggest that this suppression may
be the dominant galaxy evolution force at low redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3526 </DOCNO>
Resonant Impurity States in the D-Density-Wave Phase


  We study the electronic structure near impurities in the d-density-wave (DDW)
state, a possible candidate phase for the pseudo-gap region of the
high-temperature superconductors. We show that the local DOS near a
non-magnetic impurity in the DDW state is {\it qualitatively} different from
that in a superconductor with $d_{x^2-y^2}$-symmetry. Since this result is a
robust feature of the DDW phase, it can help to identify the nature of the two
different phases recently observed by scanning tunneling microscopy experiments
in the superconducting state of underdoped Bi-2212 compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76664 </DOCNO>
New prospects for polarized hyperon fragmentation functions


  We study the inclusive production of $\Lambda$ ($\bar \Lambda$) in several
high energy collision processes ($e^+e^-, e^{\pm}p, \nu (\bar \nu)p, pp$), in
view of an accurate determination of the unpolarized and polarized
fragmentation functions of a quark into a $\Lambda$ ($\bar \Lambda$).
  For polarized fragmentation functions the inaccuracy and the scarcity of
present data do not allow to distinguish between various theoretical models. We
will indicate how future measurements will provide ways to discriminate between
them and also how to achieve a necessary quark flavor separation. A possible
extension to the production of the other hyperons ($\Sigma^{\pm,0},
\Xi^{-,0}$), will be also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6674 </DOCNO>
Synthesis and photoemission study of as-grown superconducting MgB2 thin


  As-grown superconducting thin films of MgB2 were prepared by molecular beam
epitaxy (MBE), and studied by X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS and UPS). Only films prepared at temperatures between 150 and 320 deg.
showed superconductivity. A best TC onset of 36 K with a sharp transition width
of -1 K was obtained although the film crystallinity was poor. The in-situ
photoelectron spectra obtained on the surfaces of the MBE grown MgB2 films were
free from dirt peaks. XPS revealed that the binding energy of the Mg 2p levels
in MgB2 is close to that of metallic Mg, and the binding energy of B 1s is
close to that of transition-metal diborides. The valence UP spectra showed a
clear Fermi edge although the density of states (DOS) at EF is low and the
major components of the valence band are located between 5 and 11 eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168335 </DOCNO>
Finite precision measurement does not nullify the Kochen-Specker theorem


  It is proven that any hidden variable theory of the type proposed by Meyer
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3751 (1999)], Kent [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3755 (1999)],
and Clifton and Kent [Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 456, 2101 (2000)] leads to
experimentally testable predictions which are in contradiction with those of
quantum mechanics. Therefore, it is argued that the existence of dense
Kochen-Specker-colorable sets must not be interpreted as a nullification of the
physical impact of the Kochen-Specker theorem once the finite precision of real
measurements is taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72543 </DOCNO>
Production of MSSM Higgs Bosons in $\gamma\gamma$ Collisions


  The heavy Higgs bosons $H,A$ of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the
Standard Model can be produced as resonances in high-energy $\gamma\gamma$
colliders. Prospects of the search for these particles in $b\bar b$ and
neutralino-pair final states are studied in this report. Heavy Higgs bosons can
be found with masses up to about 70-80% of the initial $e^+e^-$ collider energy
for moderate values of $\tan\beta$, i.e. in areas of the parameter space not
accessible at other colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5591 </DOCNO>
Falicov-Kimball model and the problem of electronic ferroelectricity


  The density matrix renormalization group method is used to examine
possibilities of electronic ferroelectricity in the spinless Falicov-Kimball
model. The model is studied for a wide range of parameters including weak and
strong interactions as well as the symmetric and unsymmetric case. In all
examined cases the $<d^{+}f>$-expectation value vanishes for vanishing
hybridization $V$, indicating that the spinless Falicov-Kimball model does not
allow for a ferroelectric ground state with a spontaneous polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87066 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Stars in Randall-Sundrum Gravity


  The non-linear behaviour of Randall-Sundrum gravity with one brane is
examined. Due to the non-compact extra dimension, the perturbation spectrum has
no mass gap, and the long wavelength effective theory is only understood
perturbatively. The full 5-dimensional Einstein equations are solved
numerically for static, spherically symmetric matter localized on the brane,
yielding regular geometries in the bulk with axial symmetry. An elliptic
relaxation method is used, allowing both the brane and asymptotic radiation
boundary conditions to be simultaneously imposed. The same data that specifies
stars in 4-dimensional gravity, uniquely constructs a 5-dimensional solution.
The algorithm performs best for small stars (radius less than the AdS length)
yielding highly non-linear solutions. An upper mass limit is observed for these
small stars, and the geometry shows no global pathologies. The geometric
perturbation is shown to remain localized near the brane at high densities, the
confinement interestingly increasing for both small and large stars as the
upper mass limit is approached. Furthermore, the static spatial sections are
found to be approximately conformal to those of AdS. We show that the intrinsic
geometry of large stars, with radius several times the AdS length, is described
by 4-dimensional General Relativity far past the perturbative regime. This
indicates that the non-linear long wavelength effective action remains local,
even though the perturbation spectrum has no mass gap. The implication is that
Randall-Sundrum gravity, with localized brane matter, reproduces relativistic
astrophysical solutions, such as neutron stars and massive black holes,
consistent with observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128738 </DOCNO>
On the wake generated by a planet in a disc


  A planet of low mass orbiting in a two-dimensional gaseous disc generates a
one-armed spiral wake. We explain this phenomenon as the result of constructive
interference between wave modes in the disc, somewhat similar to the Kelvin
wedge produced in the wake of a ship. The same feature is not expected in a
three-dimensional disc with thermal stratification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 827 </DOCNO>
Low-Temperature Properties of Quasi-One-Dimensional Molecule-Based


  Quantum and thermal behaviors of low-dimensional mixed-spin systems are
investigated with particular emphasis on the design of molecule-based
ferromagnets. One can obtain a molecular ferromagnet by assembling molecular
bricks so as to construct a low-dimensional system with a magnetic ground state
and then coupling the chains or the layers again in a ferromagnetic fashion.
Two of thus-constructed quasi-one-dimensional bimetallic compounds are
qualitatively viewed within the spin-wave treatment, one of which successfully
grows into a bulk magnet, while the other of which ends in a singlet ground
state. Then, concentrating on the ferrimagnetic arrangement on a two-leg ladder
which is well indicative of general coupled-chain ferrimagnets, we develop the
spin-wave theory and fully reveal its low-energy structure. We inquire further
into the ferromagnetic aspect of the ferrimagnetic ladder numerically
calculating the sublattice magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility. There
exists a moderate coupling strength between the chains in order to obtain the
most ferromagnetic ferrimagnet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87126 </DOCNO>
Energy-momentum current for coframe gravity


  The obstruction for the existence of an energy momentum tensor for the
gravitational field is connected with differential-geometric features of the
Riemannian manifold. It has not to be valid for alternative geometrical
structures. A teleparallel manifold is defined as a parallelizable
differentiable 4D-manifold endowed with a class of smooth coframe fields
related by global Lorentz, i.e., SO(1,3) transformations. In this article a
general free parametric class of teleparallel models is considered. It includes
a 1-parameter subclass of viable models with the Schwarzschild coframe
solution. A new form of the coframe field equation is derived from the general
teleparallel Lagrangian by introducing the notion of a 3-parameter conjugate
field strength $\F^a$. The field equation turns out to have a form completely
similar to the Maxwell field equation $d*\F^a=\T^a$. By applying the Noether
procedure, the source 3-form $\T^a$ is shown to be connected with the
diffeomorphism invariance of the Lagrangian. Thus the source $\T^a$ of the
coframe field is interpreted as the total conserved energy-momentum current.
The energy-momentum tensor for coframe is defined. The total energy-momentum
current of a system of a coframe and a material fields is conserved. Thus a
redistribution of the energy-momentum current between a material and a coframe
(gravity) fields is possible in principle, unlike as in the standard GR. For
special values of parameters, when the GR is reinstated, the energy-momentum
tensor gives up the invariant sense, i.e., becomes a pseudo-tensor. Thus even a
small-parametric change of GR turns it into a well defined Lagrangian theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75908 </DOCNO>
Error Estimates on Parton Density Distributions


  Error estimates on parton density distributions are presently based on the
traditional method of least squares minimisation and linear error propagation
in global QCD fits. We review the underlying assumptions and the various
mathematical representations of the method and address some technical issues
encountered in such a global analysis. Parton distribution sets which contain
error information are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127622 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Detection of a Pre-Supernova Evolution for the SN 1993J Progenitor


  We report on the first detection of a pre-supernova (SN) evolution in the
X-ray regime. The results are based on ROSAT observations of SN 1993J ranging
from six days to five years after the outburst. The X-ray observations are used
to probe the SN shell interaction with the ambient circumstellar matter (CSM).
After exploring various scenarios that might explain the observed X-ray
lightcurve with a t^-0.27 rate of decline, we present a coherent picture in
terms of the interaction of the SN shock front with the CSM deposited by the
progenitor's stellar wind. During the observed period, the SN shell has reached
a radius of 3x10^17 cm from the site of the explosion, corresponding to ~10^4
years in the progenitors stellar wind history. Our analysis shows that the
mass-loss rate of the progenitor has decreased constantly from \dot{M} =
4x10^-4 to 4x10^-5 M_sun/yr (v_w/10 km/s) during the late stage of the
evolution. Assuming a spherically symmetric expansion, the circumstellar matter
density profile is found to be significantly flatter (\rho_csm \propto r^-1.63)
than expected for a constant mass-loss rate and constant wind velocity profile
(r^-2). The observed evolution either reflects a decrease in the mass-loss
rate, an increase in the wind speed or a combination of both, indicating that
the progenitor likely was making a transition from the red to the blue
supergiant phase during the late stage of its evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 814 </DOCNO>
Degenerate ground state in a mesoscopic YBaCuO grain boundary Josephson


  We have measured the current-phase relationship (CPR) of symmetric 45 degree
YBaCuO grain boundary Josephson junctions. Substantial deviations of the CPR
from conventional tunnel-junction behavior have been observed: (i) The critical
current exhibits, as a function of temperature T, a local minimum at a
temperature T*. (ii) At T approximately equal to T*, the first harmonic of the
CPR changes sign. (iii) For T<T*, the second harmonic of the CPR is comparable
to the first harmonic, and (iv) the ground state of the junction becomes
degenerate. The results are in good agreement with a microscopic model of
Josephson junctions between d-wave superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5010 </DOCNO>
Internal transitions of negatively charged magneto-excitons and many


  Spin-singlet and spin-triplet internal transitions of quasi-two-dimensional,
negatively charged magneto-excitons (X-) and their evolution with excess
electron density have been studied in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-wells by optically
detected resonance (ODR) spectroscopy. In the dilute electron limit, due to
magnetic translational invariance, the ODR spectra are dominated by
bound-to-continuum bands in contrast to the superficially similar
negatively-charged-donor system D-, which exhibits strictly bound-to-bound
transitions. With increasing excess electron density in the wells in the
magnetic field region corresponding to Landau level filling factors nu < 2 the
X- like transitions are blue-shifted; they are absent for nu > 2. The
blue-shifted transitions are explained in terms of a new type of collective
excitation -- magnetoplasmons bound to a mobile valence band hole, which
demonstrates the many-body nature of "exciton-like" magnetoluminescence for nu
< 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2268 </DOCNO>
Scaling behavior of the absorbing phase transition in a conserved


  We analyse numerically the critical behavior of a conserved lattice gas which
was recently introduced as an example of the new universality class of
absorbing phase transitions with a conserved field [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1803
(2000)]. We determine the critical exponent of the order parameter as well as
the critical exponent of the order parameter fluctuations in D=2,3,4,5
dimensions. A comparison of our results and those obtained from a mean-field
approach and a field theory suggests that the upper critical dimension of the
absorbing phase transition is four.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73844 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Sudakov effect on processes at TeV scale


  In Next Linear Colliders at TeV scale, electroweak double logarithmic
corrections, which come from the infrared behaviors of theory can not be
neglected. It is well known that in QED and QCD, double logarithmic corrections
are resummed to all orders, and these corrections can be exponentiated,
resulting in the Sudakov form factor. However it is never trivial that double
logarithmic corrections in electroweak theory can be exponentiated, because of
the spontaneous breaking of symmetry and the pattern of that. We discuss the
electroweak double logarithmic corrections at two loop level and explain the
differences of ``Soft'' structure between the electroweak theory and QCD (the
unbroken non-abelian gauge theory).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148262 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in SYM Theories as a Non-Semiclassical


  We study supersymmetry breaking effects in N=1 SYM from the point of view of
quantum effective actions. Restrictions on the geometry of the effective
potential from superspace are known to be problematic in quantum effective
actions, where explicit supersymmetry breaking can and must be studied. On the
other hand the true ground state can be determined from this effective action,
only. We study whether some parts of superspace geometry are still relevant for
the effective potential and discuss whether the ground states found this way
justify a low energy approximation based on this geometry. The answer to both
questions is negative: Essentially non-semiclassical effects change the
behavior of the auxiliary fields completely and destroy the geometry of
superspace. These non-semiclassical effects can break supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1454 </DOCNO>
Stretched Exponential Decay in the Edwards-Wilkinson Model


  We consider the exactly soluble Edwards-Wilkinson Model in one dimension and
demonstrate explicitly, that it is possible to construct a field, that does not
depend explicitly on time, such that the corresponding time dependent
correlation function,, is dominated at long times by a stretched exponential
decay. The difference between this and the stretched exponential decay present
in truly non linear systems is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169046 </DOCNO>
Continuous variable quantum cryptography using coherent states


  We propose several methods for quantum key distribution (QKD) based upon the
generation and transmission of random distributions of coherent or squeezed
states, and we show that they are are secure against individual eavesdropping
attacks. These protocols require that the transmission of the optical line
between Alice and Bob is larger than 50 %, but they do not rely on
"non-classical" features such as squeezing. Their security is a direct
consequence of the no-cloning theorem, that limits the signal to noise ratio of
possible quantum measurements on the transmission line. Our approach can also
be used for evaluating various QKD protocols using light with gaussian
statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99020 </DOCNO>
Parameterizations of 1-bridge torus knots


  A 1-bridge torus knot in a 3-manifold of genus $\le 1$ is a knot drawn on a
Heegaard torus with one bridge. We give two types of normal forms to
parameterize the family of 1-bridge torus knots that are similar to the
Schubert's normal form and the Conway's normal form for 2-bridge knots. For a
given Schubert's normal form we give algorithms to determine the number of
components and to compute the fundamental group of the complement when the
normal form determines a knot. We also give a description of the double
branched cover of an ambient 3-manifold branched along a 1-bridge torus knot by
using its Conway's normal form and obtain an explicit formula for the first
homology of the double cover.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5103 </DOCNO>
Low-energy properties and magnetization plateaus in a 2-leg mixed spin


  Using the density matrix renormalization group technique we investigate the
low-energy properties and the magnetization plateau behavior in a 2-leg mixed
spin ladder consisting of a spin-1/2 chain coupled with a spin-1 chain. The
calculated results show that the system is in the same universality class as
the spin-3/2 chain when the interchain coupling is strongly ferromagnetic, but
the similarity between the two systems is less clear under other coupling
conditions. We have identified two types of magnetization plateau phases. The
calculation of the magnetization distribution on the spin-1/2 and the spin-1
chains on the ladder shows that one plateau phase is related to the partially
magnetized valence-bond-solid state, and the other plateau state contains
strongly coupled S=1 and s=1/2 spins on the rung.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95530 </DOCNO>
Fundamental Solutions for the Tricomi Operator, II


  We explicitly calculate fundamental solutions for the Tricomi operator
relative to a point in the hyperbolic region and show that these solutions
originate from the hypergeometric function F(1/6,1/6;1;z).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129474 </DOCNO>
High-resolution radio polarimetry of Vela X


  We present high-resolution 1.4 GHz Australia Telescope Compact Array
polarimetric observations of Vela X, the pulsar wind nebula of the Vela SNR. We
find that the linearly polarized emission is only partially correlated with
total intensity. There are many depolarization features, some of which are
coincident with foreground H-alpha filaments. Further study of these should
provide measurements of the magnetic field in the remnant's shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97852 </DOCNO>
Counterexample to the Trotter product formula for projections


  We constructed a unitary semigroup $(e^{tA})_{t \geq 0}$ on a Hilbert space
and an orthogonal projection $P$ such that the limit $\lim_{n \to \infty} [
e^{\frac{t}{n}A}P ]^n$ does not exist strongly. A similar example with a
positive contractive semigroup and positive contractive projection on $L_p$ is
also constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 824 </DOCNO>
Spin fluctuations in a magnetically frustrated metal, LiV2O4


  Inelastic neutron scattering is used to characterize spin fluctuations in the
$d$-electron heavy fermion spinel $\rm LiV_2O_4$. The spin relaxation rate,
$\Gamma_Q$, for $Q=0.6$ \AA$^{-1}$ is 1.5(1) meV at low temperatures and
increases linearly with temperature at a rate of 0.41(4) k$_B$. There is
antiferromagnetic short range order at low temperatures with a characteristic
wave vector $Q_c= 0.64(2)$ \AA$^{-1}$ and a correlation length of 6(1) \AA .
Warming shifts intensity towards lower $Q$ so that magnetic scattering
decreases monotonically with $Q>0.3$ \AA$^{-1}$ for $T>40$ K. The data are
compared with conventional heavy fermion systems, geometrically frustrated
insulating magnets, and recent theories for $\rm LiV_2O_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75376 </DOCNO>
Unification and the Hierarchy from AdS5


  In AdS5, the coupling for bulk gauge bosons runs logarithmically, not as a
power law. For this reason, one can preserve perturbative unification of
couplings. Depending on the cutoff, this can occur at a high scale. We discuss
subtleties in the calculation and present a regularization scheme motivated by
the holographic correspondence. We find that generically, as in the standard
model, the couplings almost unify. For specific choices of the cutoff and
number of scalar multiplets, there is good agreement between the measured
couplings and the assumption of high scale unification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4162 </DOCNO>
Faster Monte Carlo Simulations at Low Temperatures. The Waiting Time


  We discuss a rejectionless global optimization technique which, while being
technically similar to the recently introduced method of Extremal Optimization,
still relies on a physical analogy with a thermalizing system. Our waiting time
method (WTM) is mathematically equivalent to the usual Metropolis algorithm,
but considerably more efficient at low temperatures. The WTM can be used at
constant temperature or it can be combined with annealing techniques. It is
especially well suited for studying the low temperature relaxation of complex
systems as glasses and spin glasses. In the paper we describe the method and
test it on a spin glass example by comparing its performance to Extremal
Optimization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149592 </DOCNO>
Quarter BPS Operators in N=4 SYM


  Chiral primary operators annihilated by a quarter of the supercharges are
constructed in the four dimensional N=4 Super-Yang-Mills theory with gauge
group SU(N). These quarter-BPS operators share many non-renormalization
properties with the previously studied half-BPS operators. However, they are
much more involved, which renders their construction nontrivial in the fully
interacting theory. In this paper we calculate order g^2 two-point functions of
local, polynomial, scalar composite operators within a given representation of
the SU(4) R-symmetry group. By studying these two-point functions, we identify
the eigenstates of the dilatation operator, which turn out to be complicated
mixtures of single and multiple trace operators.
  Given the elaborate combinatorics of this problem, we concentrate on two
special cases. First, we present explicit computations for quarter-BPS
operators with scaling dimension Delta < 8. In this case, the discussion
applies to arbitrary N of the gauge group. Second, we carry out a leading plus
subleading large N analysis for the particular class of operators built out of
double and single trace operators only. The large N construction addresses
quarter-BPS operators of general dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127301 </DOCNO>
Extending Lagrangian perturbation theory to a fluid with velocity


  We formulate a perturbative approximation to gravitational instability, based
on Lagrangian hydrodynamics in Newtonian cosmology. We take account of
`pressure' effect of fluid, which is kinematically caused by velocity
dispersion, to aim hydrodynamical description beyond shell crossing. Master
equations in the Lagrangian description are derived and solved perturbatively
up to second order. Then, as an illustration, power spectra of density
fluctuations are computed in a one-dimensional model from the Lagrangian
approximations and Eulerian linear perturbation theory for comparison. We find
that the results by the Lagrangian approximations are different from those by
the Eulerian one in weakly non-linear regime at the scales smaller than the
Jeans length. We also show the validity of the perturbative Lagrangian
approximations by consulting difference between the first-order and the
second-order approximations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73642 </DOCNO>
Obtaining the nuclear gluon distribution from heavy quark decays to


  We have studied how lepton pairs from decays of heavy-flavoured mesons
produced in p$A$ collisions can be used to determine the modifications of the
gluon distribution in the nucleus. Since heavy quark production is dominated by
the $gg$ channel, the ratio of correlated lepton pair cross sections from
$D\bar D$ and $B\bar B$ decays in p$A$ and pp collisions directly reflects the
ratio $R_g^A \equiv f_g^A/f_g^p$. We have numerically calculated the lepton
pair cross sections from these decays in pp and p$A$ collisions at SPS, RHIC
and LHC energies. We find that ratio of the p$A$ to pp cross sections agrees
quite well with the input $R_g^A.$ Thus, sufficiently accurate measurements
could be used to determine the nuclear modification of the gluon distribution
over a greater range of $x$ and $Q^2$ than presently available, putting strong
constraints on models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126984 </DOCNO>
VERITAS: the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System


  The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS)
represents an important step forward in the study of extreme astrophysical
processes in the universe. It combines the power of the atmospheric Cherenkov
imaging technique using a large optical reflector with the power of
stereoscopic observatories using arrays of separated telescopes looking at the
same shower. The seven identical telescopes in VERITAS, each of aperture 10 m,
will be deployed in a filled hexagonal pattern of side 80 m; each telescope
will have a camera consisting of 499 pixels with a field of view of 3.5 deg
VERITAS will substantially increase the catalog of very high energy (E >
100GeV) gamma-ray sources and greatly improve measurements of established
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5530 </DOCNO>
Edge and Bulk Transport in the Mixed State of a Type-II Superconductor


  By comparing the voltage-current (V-I) curves obtained before and after
cutting a sample of 2H-NbSe2, we separate the bulk and edge contributions to
the transport current at various dissipation levels and derive their respective
V- I curves and critical currents. We find that the edge contribution is
thermally activated across a current dependent surface barrier. By contrast the
bulk V-I curves are linear, as expected from the free flux flow model. The
relative importance of bulk and edge contributions is found to depend on
dissipation level and sample dimensions. We further show that the peak effect
is a sharp bulk phenomenon and that it is broadened by the edge contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125995 </DOCNO>
The Velocity Distribution of Isolated Radio Pulsars


  (Abridged) We infer the velocity distribution of radio pulsars by modelling
their birth, evolution, and detection in large-scale 0.4 GHz pulsar surveys,
and by comparing model distributions of measurable pulsar properties with
survey data using a likelihood function. We test models that characterize a
population's birth rate, luminosity, shutoff of radio emission, birth
locations, and birth velocities. We infer that the radio beam luminosity (i) is
comparable to the energy flux of relativistic particles in models for
spin-driven magnetospheres, signifying that radio emission losses reach nearly
100% for the oldest pulsars; and (ii) scales approximately as sqrt(Edot) which,
in magnetosphere models, is proportional to the voltage drop available for
acceleration of particles. We find that a two-component velocity distribution
with characteristic velocities of 90 km/s and 500 km/s is greatly preferred to
any one-component distribution. We explore some consequences of the preferred
birth velocity distribution: (i) roughly 50% of pulsars in the solar
neighborhood will escape the Galaxy, while ~15% have velocities greater than
1000 km/s; (ii) an important low-velocity population exists that increases the
fraction of neutron stars retained by globular clusters and is consistent with
the number of old objects that accrete from the interstellar medium; (iii)
under standard assumptions for supernova remnant expansion and pulsar
spin-down, ~10% of pulsars younger than 20 kyr will appear to lie outside of
their host remnants. Finally, we comment on the ramifications of our birth
velocity distribution for binary survival and the population of inspiraling
binary neutron stars relevant to some GRB models and potential sources for
LIGO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129130 </DOCNO>
Separation of the Galactic Synchrotron Foreground and the CMB


  The polarization of the CMBR represents a powerful test for modern cosmology.
It allows to break the degeneracy of fundamental cosmological parameters, and
also to observe the contribution of gravitational waves background to the CMBR
anisotropy. To observe the CMBR polarization several experiments are either in
progress or planned and SPOrt is one of the most promising planned by ESA. At
the same time the observation of the CMBR polarization is a difficult task and
one of the reasons is the presence of polarized foreground emission. For
instance, galactic polarized synchrotron emission (according to some estimates)
can completely mimic the polarization of the CMBR. Nevertheless, one can use
mathematical properties of the spherical harmonics of the distribution of
radiation over the sky to separate different contributions. In this paper the
mathematical properties of the polarized synchrotron foreground and the
physical mechanism that produces it are discussed. The separation of
synchrotron polarization from the polarization generated by density
cosmological perturbations is discussed as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3607 </DOCNO>
Fractal geometry of spin-glass models


  Stability and diversity are two key properties that living entities share
with spin glasses, where they are manifested through the breaking of the phase
space into many valleys or local minima connected by saddle points. The
topology of the phase space can be conveniently condensed into a tree
structure, akin to the biological phylogenetic trees, whose tips are the local
minima and internal nodes are the lowest-energy saddles connecting those
minima. For the infinite-range Ising spin glass with p-spin interactions, we
show that the average size-frequency distribution of saddles obeys a power law
$<\psi(w) > \sim w^{-D}$, where w=w(s) is the number of minima that can be
connected through saddle s, and D is the fractal dimension of the phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 365 </DOCNO>
Fabrication of mesoscopic Nb wires using conventional e-beam


  Conventional electron beam lithography has been used to fabricate mesoscopic
Nb wires with a superconducting transition temperature above 7.0 K. The typical
line width and the thickness were 200 nm and 45 nm respectively. Nb was
deposited in an ultra-high vacuum evaporation chamber using electron gun
heating. All samples exhibited a normal-superconducting transition. The
transition temperature decreased with thickness and line width. To demonstrate
the feasibility of two angle evaporation techniques we also fabricated small
Nb/(Al-)AlO_x/Nb tunnel junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3961 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic integer-spin chains in a staggered magnetic field:


  We investigate the behavior of antiferromagnetic integer-spin chains in a
staggered magnetic field, by means of the density-matrix renormalization group,
carefully addressing the role of finite-size effects within the Haldane phase
at small fields. In the case of spin S=2, we determine the dependence of the
groundstate energy and magnetization on the external field, in the
thermodynamic limit, and show how the peculiar finite-size behavior can be
connected with the crossover in the groundstate from a spin liquid to a
polarized N\'eel state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96980 </DOCNO>
Bordism of Unoriented Surfaces in 4-Space


  The group of bordism classes of unoriented surfaces in 4-space is determined.
The bordism classes are characterized by normal Euler numbers,double linking
numbers, and triple linking numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1442 </DOCNO>
Random walks on the braid group B_3 and magnetic translations in


  We study random walks on the three-strand braid group $B_3$, and in
particular compute the drift, or average topological complexity of a random
braid, as well as the probability of trivial entanglement. These results
involve the study of magnetic random walks on hyperbolic graphs (hyperbolic
Harper-Hofstadter problem), what enables to build a faithful representation of
$B_3$ as generalized magnetic translation operators for the problem of a
quantum particle on the hyperbolic plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5094 </DOCNO>
Universal Features of Interacting Chaotic Quantum Dots. Application to


  We present a complete classification of the electron-electron interaction in
chaotic quantum dots based on expansion in inverse powers of $1/M$, the number
of the electron states in the Thouless window, $M \simeq k_F R$. This
classification is quite universal and extends and enlarges the universal non
interacting RMT statistical ensembles. We show that existing Coulomb blockade
peak spacing data for $B=0$ and $B\ne 0$ is described quite accurately by the
interacting GSE and by its extension to $B\ne 0$. The bimodal structure
existing in the interacting GUE case is completely washed out by the combined
effect of the spin orbit, pairing and higher order residual interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126435 </DOCNO>
The Nuclear Disk in the Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4486A


  Many ellipticals contain nuclear disks of dust and gas. Some ellipticals
contain nuclear disks of stars that are distinct from the rest of the galaxy.
We show that the dwarf E2 galaxy NGC 4486A contains both -- it is a "Rosetta
stone" object that tells us how nuclear disks evolve. Its properties suggest
that, as accreted gas dissipates and settles toward the center, it forms stars
and builds a stellar disk. Secular growth may explain not only the most
distinct nuclear disks such as those in NGC 4486A but also some of the disky
distortions that are commonly seen in elliptical galaxies. That is, density
distributions may grow secularly cuspier. This would result in chaotic mixing
of stellar orbits in phase space and would tend to make an elliptical galaxy
evolve toward a more nearly axisymmetric shape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76515 </DOCNO>
Thermalization and elliptic flow at RHIC


  We discuss signatures of thermalisation in heavy ion collisions based on
elliptic flow. We then propose a new method to analyse elliptic flow, based on
multiparticle azimuthal correlations. This method allows one to test
quantitatively the collective behaviour of the interacting system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 429 </DOCNO>
Efficient Behavior of Small-World Networks


  We introduce the concept of efficiency of a network, measuring how
efficiently it exchanges information. By using this simple measure small-world
networks are seen as systems that are both globally and locally efficient. This
allows to give a clear physical meaning to the concept of small-world, and also
to perform a precise quantitative a nalysis of both weighted and unweighted
networks. We study neural networks and man-made communication and
transportation systems and we show that the underlying general principle of
their construction is in fact a small-world principle of high efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3497 </DOCNO>
Exchange in silicon-based quantum computer architecture


  The silicon-based quantum computer proposal has been one of the intensely
pursued ideas during the past three years. Here we calculate the donor electron
exchange in silicon and germanium, and demonstrate an atomic-scale challenge
for quantum computing in Si (and Ge), as the six (four) conduction band minima
in Si (Ge) lead to inter-valley electronic interferences, generating strong
oscillations in the exchange splitting of two-donor two-electron states. Donor
positioning with atomic scale precision within the unit cell thus becomes a
decisive factor in determining the strength of the exchange coupling--a
fundamental ingredient for two-qubit operations in a silicon-based quantum
computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6000 </DOCNO>
Freezing of a Stripe Liquid


  The existence of a stripe-liquid phase in a layered nickelate,
La(1.725)Sr(0.275)NiO(4), is demonstrated through neutron scattering
measurements. We show that incommensurate magnetic fluctuations evolve
continuously through the charge-ordering temperature, although an abrupt
decrease in the effective damping energy is observed on cooling through the
transition. The energy and momentum dependence of the magnetic scattering are
parametrized with a damped-harmonic-oscillator model describing overdamped
spin-waves in the antiferromagnetic domains defined instantaneously by charge
stripes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126811 </DOCNO>
Global Physical Conditions of the Interstellar Medium in Nearby Galaxies


  Far-infrared spectra (43-197um) of 34 nearby galaxies obtained by the Long
Wavelength Spectrometer (LWS) aboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) were
analyzed to investigate the general properties of interstellar matter in
galaxies. The line fluxes of [CII]158um and [NII]122um relative to the total
far-infrared flux (FIR) decrease as the far-infrared color becomes bluer, while
the ratio of the [OI]63um flux to FIR does not show a systematic trend with the
color. The [OIII]88um to FIR ratio shows a large scatter with a weak trend of
increase with the color. We estimate the physical conditions of
photodissociation regions (PDRs) in the sample galaxies, such as the
far-ultraviolet radiation field intensity Go and the gas density n by assuming
that all the observed [OI]63um and far-infrared continuum emissions come from
PDRs. The present analysis suggests that the decrease in [CII]158um/FIR with
the far-infrared color may not be accounted for by the decrease in the
photoelectric heating efficiency owing to the increase in positive charges of
dust grains because a measure of the efficiency, Go/n, is found to stay
constant with the far-infrared color. Instead the decrease can be interpreted
in terms of either the increase in the collisional de-excitation of the [CII]
transition due to the increase in the gas density or the decrease in the
ionized component relative to the far-infrared intensity suggested by the
decrease in [NII]122um/FIR. Based on the present analysis, we derive average
relations of the far-infrared color with Go and n in galaxies, which can be
applied to the investigation of interstellar matter in distant galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81054 </DOCNO>
apenext: A Multi-Tflops LQCD Computing Project


  This paper is a slightly modified and reduced version of the proposal of the
{\bf apeNEXT} project, which was submitted to DESY and INFN in spring 2000. .It
presents the basic motivations and ideas of a next generation lattice QCD
(LQCD) computing project, whose goal is the construction and operation of
several large scale Multi-TFlops LQCD engines, providing an integrated peak
performance of tens of TFlops, and a sustained (double precision) performance
on key LQCD kernels of about 50% of peak speed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127863 </DOCNO>
Short-term emission line and continuum variations in Mrk110


  We present results of a variability campaign of Mrk110 performed with the
9.2-m Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) at McDonald Observatory. The high S/N
spectra cover most of the optical range. They were taken from 1999 November
through 2000 May. The average interval between the observations was 7.3 days
and the median interval was only 3.0 days. Mrk110 is a narrow-line Seyfert 1
galaxy. During our campaign the continuum flux was in a historically low stage.
Considering the delays of the emission lines with respect to the continuum
variations we could verify an ionization stratification of the BLR. We derived
virial masses of the central black hole from the radial distances of the
different emission lines and from their widths. The calculated central masses
agree within 20%. Furthermore, we identified optical HeI singlet emission lines
emitted in the broad-line region. The observed line fluxes agree with
theoretical predictions. We show that a broad wing on the red side of the
[OIII]5007 line is caused by the HeI singlet line at 5016A.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81132 </DOCNO>
Two-loop critical mass for Wilson fermions


  We have redone a recent two-loop computation of the critical mass for Wilson
fermions in lattice QCD by evaluating Feynman integrals with the
coordinate-space method. We present the results for different types of infrared
regularization. We confirm both the previous numerical estimates and the power
of the coordinate-space method whenever high accuracy is needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3391 </DOCNO>
Polarization of the helf-filled Landau level in quantum Hall effect


  We develop a theory of the half-filled Landau level which shows that it is a
two-component fluid. One of the components has spin up and the other spin down
so that the electron-spin resonance can occur. The 1/3 filled level is fully
spin polarized one-component fluid. We calculate the spin polarization at the
half-filled band as a function of temperature and compare the calculated
results with the experimentally measured value. Our theory is in very good
agreement with the experimental data of the polarization obtained from the
ratio of the Knight shifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123629 </DOCNO>
Circumnuclear kinematics in NGC 5248: the origin of nuclear spiral arms


  We present for the first time a two-dimensional velocity field of the central
region of the grand-design spiral galaxy NGC 5248, at 0.9 arcsec spatial
resolution. The H-alpha velocity field is dominated by circular rotation. While
no systematic streaming motions are seen in the area of the nuclear
grand-design spiral or the circumnuclear ring, the amplitude of residual
velocities, after subtracting a model circular velocity field, reaches 20 km/s
in projection. The rotation curve levels out at around 140 km/s, after a
well-resolved and rather shallow rise. We have generated an analytical model
for the nuclear spiral and fitted it to our observations to obtain estimates of
the pattern speed of the spiral and the sound speed in the central region of
NGC 5248. Our results are consistent with a low pattern speed, suggesting that
the nuclear spiral rotates with the same rate as the main spiral structure in
NGC 5248, and thus that the spiral structure is coupled from scales of a few
hundred parsecs to several kiloparsecs. We have also compared the observed
structure and kinematics between the nuclear regions of NGC 5248 and M100.
Several similarities and differences are discussed, including the location of
the peak emission regions on major and minor axes, and the spiral arm streaming
motions. We find no kinematic evidence for a presence of a nuclear bar in NGC
5248.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75704 </DOCNO>
Two Detector Reactor Neutrino Oscillation Experiment Kr2Det at


  We consider status of the Kr2Det project aimed at sensitive searches for
neutrino oscillations in the atmospheric neutrino mass parameter region around
Dm2 ~ 3x10-3 eV2and at obtaining new information on the electron neutrino mass
structure (Ue3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98691 </DOCNO>
Sample path properties of the stochastic flows


  We consider a stochastic flow driven by a finite dimensional Brownian motion.
We show that almost every realization of such a flow exhibits strong
statistical properties such as the exponential convergence of an initial
measure to the equilibrium state and the central limit theorem. The proof uses
new estimates of the mixing rates of the multipoint motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113569 </DOCNO>
Duality and Cosmology


  In some recent theories including Quantum SuperString theory we encounter
duality - it arises due to a non commutative geometry which in effect adds an
extra term to the Heiserberg Uncertainity Principle. The result is that the
micro world and the macro universe seem to be linked. We show why this is so in
the context of a recent cosmological model and a physical picture emerges in
the context of the Feynman-Wheeler formulation of interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86742 </DOCNO>
Untangling the merger history of massive black holes with LISA


  Binary black hole coalescences emit gravitational waves that will be
measurable by the space-based detector it LISA to large redshifts. This
suggests that LISA may be able to observe black holes grow and evolve as the
universe evolves, mapping the distribution of black hole masses as a function
of redshift. An immediate difficulty with this idea is that LISA measures
certain redshifted combinations of masses with good accuracy: if a system has
some mass parameter m, then LISA measures (1+z)m. This mass-redshift degeneracy
makes it difficult to follow the mass evolution. In many cases, LISA will also
measure the luminosity distance D of a coalescence accurately. Since
cosmological parameters (particularly the mean density, the cosmological
constant, and the Hubble constant) are now known with moderate precision, we
can obtain z from D and break the degeneracy. This makes it possible to
untangle the mass and redshift and to study the mass and merger history of
black holes. Mapping the black hole mass distribution could open a window onto
an early epoch of structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3186 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour near multiple junctions and dirty surfaces in the


  We consider m two-dimensional semi-infinite planes of Ising spins joined
together through surface spins and study the critical behaviour near to the
junction. The m=0 limit of the model - according to the replica trick -
corresponds to the semi-infinite Ising model in the presence of a random
surface field (RSFI). Using conformal mapping, second-order perturbation
expansion around the weakly- and strongly-coupled planes limits and
differential renormalization group, we show that the surface critical behaviour
of the RSFI model is described by Ising critical exponents with logarithmic
corrections to scaling, while at multiple junctions (m>2) the transition is
first order. There is a spontaneous junction magnetization at the bulk critical
point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 655 </DOCNO>
Nagaoka ferromagnetism in the two-dimensional infinite-U Hubbard model


  We present different numerical calculations based on variational quantum
Monte Carlo simulations supporting a ferromagnetic ground-state for finite and
small hole densities in the two-dimensional infinite-$U$ Hubbard model.
Moreover, by studying the energies of different total spin sectors, these
calculations strongly suggest that the paramagnetic phase is unstable against a
phase with a partial polarization for large hole densities $\delta \sim 0.40$
with evidence for a second-order transition to the paramagnetic large doping
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41048 </DOCNO>
Sleuth: A Quasi-Model-Independent Search Strategy for New Physics


  How can we search for new physics when we only vaguely know what it should
look like? How can we perform an unbiased yet data-driven search? If we see
apparently anomalous events in our data, how can we quantify their
"interestingness" a posteriori? We present an analysis strategy (Sleuth) that
simultaneously addresses each of these questions, and we demonstrate its
application to over thirty exclusive final states in data collected by D0 in
Run I of the Fermilab Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114350 </DOCNO>
Integrating Externally Developed Systems For SNS Linac Cooling And


  External contractors are developing the local cooling and vacuum control
systems for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac. Soon these systems will
be integrated into the facility-wide controls system. Allen-Bradley Logix5000
series programmable controllers, populated with appropriate input/output
modules, were selected as the local controllers. These controllers will be
interfaced to the facility-wide control system via VME systems with PowerPC
processors running the Wind River VxWorks operating system and Experimental
Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) front-end controller software.
This paper describes the interface and integration issues driven by project,
cooling system and vacuum system requirements and hardware selections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86329 </DOCNO>
A comment on a proposal to use neutrons to reveal gravitomagnetic


  Arguments are presented which show that the recent proposals of using
neutrons to test gravitomagnetic effects on Earth are impracticable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6251 </DOCNO>
Crossover Between Universality Classes in the Statistics of Rare Events


  The crossover from orthogonal to the unitary universality classes in the
distribution of the anomalously localized states (ALS) in two-dimensional
disordered conductors is traced as a function of magnetic field. We demonstrate
that the microscopic origin of the crossover is the change in the symmetry of
the underlying disorder configurations, that are responsible for ALS. These
disorder configurations are of weak magnitude (compared to the Fermi energy)
and of small size (compared to the mean free path). We find their shape
explicitly by means of the direct optimal fluctuation method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127698 </DOCNO>
Near infrared observations of the truncation of stellar disks


  We present a first study of truncation of the stellar disks of spiral
galaxies in the near infrared. Observations of NGC4013, NGC4217, NGC6504 and
NGC5981 were made with the CAIN NIR camera on the CST in Tenerife. This
wavelength range provides the best description of the phenomenon, not only
because extinction effects are minimized, but also because the distribution of
the old stellar population is directly obtained. The four galaxies are edge-on
and an inversion method was developed to obtain the deprojected profiles. We
did not assume any model of the different galactic components. The ``truncation
curve'', i.e. T(R)= mu(R)- mu_{D}(R), where mu is the actual surface brightness
in mag/arcsec^2 and mu_{D} the exponential disk surface brightness, has been
obtained with unprecedented precision. It is suggested that T(R) is
proportional to (R_{t}-R)^{-1}, where R_{t} is the truncation radius, i.e. the
radius beyond which no star is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41334 </DOCNO>
Searches for Invisible Higgs bosons: Preliminary combined results using


  In the year 2000 the four LEP experiments have collected data at energies
between 200 and 209 GeV, for approximately 868 pb-1 integrated luminosity. The
LEP working group for Higgs boson searches has combined these data with earlier
data sets collected at lower centre-of-mass energies to search for a neutral
CP-even Higgs boson, produced at the Standard Model rate, decaying into
"invisible" particles. No statistically significant excess has been observed
when compared to the Standard Model background prediction, and assuming that
the Higgs boson decays only into such states a lower bound has been set on its
mass at 95% confidence level of 114.4 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 184 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Elasticity Model of a Supercoiled DNA Molecule"


  We perform simulations to numerically study the writhe distribution of a
stiff polymer. We compare with analytic results of Bouchiat and Mezard
(PRL 80 1556- (1998); cond-mat/9706050).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86625 </DOCNO>
Shell crossing in generalized Tolman-Bondi spacetimes


  We study the occurrence of shell crossing in spherical weakly charged dust
collapse in the presence of a non-vanishing cosmological constant. We find that
shell crossing always occurs from generic time-symmetric regular initial data,
near the center of the matter configuration. For non-time-symmetric initial
data, the occurrence---or lack thereof---of shell crossing is determined by the
initial velocity profile, for a given mass and charge distribution. Physically
reasonable initial data inevitably leads to shell crossing (near the center)
before the minimum bounce radius is reached.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125487 </DOCNO>
Apparent radii of neutron stars and equation of state of dense matter


  Apparent (radiation) radius of neutron star,R_\infty, depends on the star
gravitational mass in quite a different way than the standard coordinate radius
in the Schwarzschild metric, R. We show that, for a broad set of equations of
state of dense matter,
  R_\infty(M_max) for the configurations with maximum allowable masses is very
close to the absolute lower bound on R_\infty at fixed M, resulting from the
very definition of R_\infty.
  Also, the value of R_infty at given M, corresponding to the maximum
compactness (minimum R) of neutron star consistent with general relativity and
condition v_sound<c, is only 0.6% higher than this absolute lower bound.
Theoretical predictions for R_\infty are compared with existing observational
estimates of the apparent radii of neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148994 </DOCNO>
Derivative Corrections from Noncommutativity


  We show that an infinite subset of the higher-derivative alpha' corrections
to the DBI and Chern-Simons actions of ordinary commutative open-string theory
can be determined using noncommutativity. Our predictions are compared to some
lowest order alpha' corrections that have been computed explicitly by Wyllard
(hep-th/0008125), and shown to agree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123471 </DOCNO>
The Radio Galaxy Populations of Nearby Northern Abell Clusters


  We report on the use of the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) to identify radio
galaxie s in eighteen nearby Abell clusters. The listings extend from the cores
of the clusters out to radii of 3 Mpc, which corresponds to 1.5 Abell radii and
approximately four orders of magnitude in galaxy density. To create a truly
useful catalog, we have collected optical spectra for nearly all of the
galaxies lacking public velocity measurements. Consequently, we are able to
discriminate between those radio galaxies seen in projection on the cluster and
those which are in actuality cluster members. The resulting catalog consists of
329 cluster radio galaxies plus 138 galaxies deemed foreground/background
objects, and new velocity measurements are reported for 273 of these radio
galaxies.
  The motivation for the catalog is the study of galaxy evolution in the
cluster environment. The radio luminosity function (RLF) is a powerful tool in
the identification of active galaxies, as it is dominated by star-forming
galaxies at intermediate luminosities and active galactic nuclei (AGN) at
higher luminosities. The flux limit of the NVSS allows us to identify AGN and
star- forming galaxies down to star formation rates (SFR) less than 1 solar
mass per year. This sensitivity, coupled with the all-sky nature of the NVSS,
allows us to produce a catalog of considerable depth and breadth. In addition
to these data, we report detected infrared fluxes and upper limits obtained
from IRAS data. It is hoped that this database will prove useful in a number of
potential studies of the effect of environment on galaxy evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124672 </DOCNO>
The angular power spectrum of radio emission at 2.3 GHz


  We have analysed the Rhodes/HartRAO survey at 2326 MHz and derived the global
angular power spectrum of Galactic continuum emission. In order to measure the
angular power spectrum of the diffuse component, point sources were removed
from the map by median filtering. A least-square fit to the angular power
spectrum of the entire survey with a power law spectrum C_l proportional to
l^{-alpha}, gives alpha = 2.43 +/- 0.01 for l = 2-100. The angular power
spectrum of radio emission appears to steepen at high Galactic latitudes and
for observed regions with |b| > 20 deg, the fitted spectral index is alpha =
2.92 +/- 0.07. We have extrapolated this result to 30 GHz (the lowest frequency
channel of Planck) and estimate that no significant contribution to the sky
temperature fluctuation is likely to come from synchrotron at degree-angular
scales

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6202 </DOCNO>
Tunable Negative Differential Resistance controlled by Spin Blockade in


  We demonstrate a tunable negative differential resistance controlled by spin
blockade in single electron transistors. The single electron transistors
containing a few electrons and spin polarized source and drain contacts were
formed in GaAs/GaAlAs heterojunctions using metallic gates. Coulomb blockade
measurements performed as a function of applied source-drain bias, electron
number and magnetic field reveal well defined regimes where a decrease in the
current is observed with increasing bias. We establish that the origin of the
negative differential regime is the spin-polarized detection of electrons
combined with a long spin relaxation time in the dot. These results indicate
new functionalities that may be utilized in nano-spintronic devices in which
the spin state is electro-statically controlled via the electron occupation
number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87180 </DOCNO>
From Poincare to affine invariance: How does the Dirac equation


  A generalization of the Dirac equation to the case of Affine symmetry, with
SL(4,R) replacing SO(1,3), is considered. A detailed analysis of a Dirac-type
Poincare-covariant equation for any spin j is carried out, and the related
general interlocking scheme fulfilling all physical requirements is
established. Embedding of the corresponding Lorentz fields into
infinite-component SL(4,R) fermionic fields, the constraints on the SL(4,R)
vector-operator generalizing Dirac's gamma matrices, as well as the minimal
coupling to (Metric-)Affine gravity are studied. Finally, a symmetry breaking
scenario for SA(4,R) is presented which preserves the Poincare symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124174 </DOCNO>
The Rest Frame Optical Spectra of Lyman Break Galaxies: Star Formation,


  We present the first results of a spectroscopic survey of Lyman break
galaxies in the near-infrared aimed at detecting the emission lines of [O II],
[O III], and Hbeta from the H II regions of star forming galaxies at z = 3.
  From observations of 19 objects with the Keck and VLT telescopes, we reach
the following main conclusions. Contrary to expectations, the star formation
rates deduced from the Hbeta luminosity are on average no larger than those
implied by the stellar continuum at 1500 A; presumably any differential
extinction between rest-frame optical and UV is small compared with the
relative uncertainties in the calibrations of these two star formation tracers.
For the galaxies in our sample, the abundance of O can only be determined to
within one order of magnitude. Even so, it seems well established that LBGs are
the most metal-enriched structures at z = 3, apart from QSOs, with abundances
greater than about 1/10 solar. They are also significantly overluminous for
their metallicities; this is probably an indication that their mass-to-light
ratios are small compared with present-day galaxies. At face value their
velocity dispersions, sigma = 50 - 115 km/s imply virial masses of about
10^{10} solar masses within half-light radii of 2.5 kpc. However, we are unable
to establish if the widths of the emission lines do reflect the motions of the
H II regions within the gravitational potential of the galaxies, even though in
two cases we see hints of rotation curves. All 19 LBGs observed show evidence
for galactic-scale superwinds; such outflows are important for regulating star
formation, distributing metals over large volumes, and allowing Lyman continuum
photons to escape and ionize the IGM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73122 </DOCNO>
Conformal symmetry and deflationary gas universe


  We describe the ``deflationary'' evolution from an initial de Sitter phase to
a subsequent Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) period as a
specific non-equilibrium configuration of a self-interacting gas. The
transition dynamics corresponds to a conformal, timelike symmetry of an
``optical'' metric, characterized by a refraction index of the cosmic medium
which continously decreases from a very large initial value to unity in the
FLRW phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179706 </DOCNO>
Chemical factors in canonical statistical models for relativistic heavy


  We study the effect of enforcing exact conservation of charges in statistical
models of particle production for systems as large as those relevant to
relativistic heavy ion collisions. By using a numerical method developed for
small systems, we have been able to approach the large volume limit keeping the
exact canonical treatment of all relevant charges, namely baryon number,
strangeness and electric charge. Hence, we hereby give the information needed
in a hadron gas model whether the canonical treatment is necessary or not in
actual cases. Comparison between calculations and experimental particle
multiplicities is shown. Also, a discussion on relative strangeness chemical
equilibrium is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127987 </DOCNO>
CMD's, RR Lyrae's, clump stars and reddening in the LMC


  We present new B, V, I photometry in the standard Johnson-Cousins photometric
system of two regions near the bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), one of
which is very close to LMC field used for the "Coimbra test on the synthetic
CMD techniques". The two areas contain 128 RR Lyrae variables and more than
8000 clump stars. Once combined with Clementini et al. 2001 (astro-ph/0007471)
photometry the new data-set allows us to get (i) accurate CMD's down to V~23
mag, (ii) full coverage of the B and V light variation for more than 80% of the
RR Lyrae's, (iii) a very precise estimate of the LMC RR Lyrae's average
apparent luminosity, (iv) an accurate estimate of the I luminosity of the LMC
clump stars, and (v) an independent evaluation of the reddening in these
regions of the LMC using the pulsational properties of the RR Lyrae's in our
sample. A detailed comparison is made between our, OGLE II and MACHO
photometries. We discuss the impact of our new results on the distance to the
LMC and on the "short" and "long" distance scale controversy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76239 </DOCNO>
Is the truncated SU(N) non-Abelian gauge theory in extra dimensions


  In this letter we show that in the extra dimension model, contrary to the
widely accepted conception, the simply truncated $\phi^4$ and non-Abelian SU(N)
Kaluza-Klein theories are not renormalizable, i.e. the tree level relations of
the effective theories can not sustain the quantum corrections. The breaking
down of the tree level relations of the effective theories can be traced back
to several factors: the breaking of the higher dimension Lorentz symmetry and
higher dimension gauge symmetry, interactions assumed in the underlying
Lagrangians, and the dimension reduction and rescaling procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174664 </DOCNO>
Systematic Study of Au-Au Collisions with AGS Experiment E917


  The systematics of baryon stopping and strange particle production have been
studied in Au+Au collisions at 6, 8, and 10.8 GeV per nucleon with AGS
experiment E917. In particular, the systematic behavior of the proton yields,
phi meson production, and the yields of antilambdas and antiprotons are
examined as functions of beam energy and centrality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128805 </DOCNO>
A Deep Search for Pulsations from the Nearby Isolated Neutron Star RX


  We present the results of a deep search for pulsations from the nearby
isolated neutron star RX J1856.5-3754 using the 450 ks Director's Discretionary
Time Chandra observation completed on 2001 Oct 15. No pulsations were detected.
We find a 99% confidence upper limit on the pulsed fraction of ~4.5% for
worst-case sinusoidal pulsations with frequency <~50 Hz and frequency
derivatives -5x10^-10 <= f-dot <= 0 Hz/s. The non-detection of pulsations is
most likely due to an unfavorable viewing angle or emitting geometry. Such
emitting geometries are much more likely to occur for more ``compact'' neutron
stars which show increased gravitational light-bending effects. In this case,
the non-detection implies a radius/mass ratio for RX J1856.5-3754 of R/M <~10
km/Msun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7443 </DOCNO>
Decomposition of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain compound Sr2CuO3 in air


  The reaction of Sr2CuO3 with air and liquid water was studied to address the
origin of the reported variable Curie-Weiss impurity contribution to the
magnetic susceptibility X of this compound at low temperatures. Sr2CuO3 was
found to decompose upon exposure to either of these environments. The compound
Sr2Cu(OH)6 was identified as the primary reaction product. A pure sample of
Sr2Cu(OH)6 was then prepared separately. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR),
isothermal magnetization versus magnetic field M(H) and X versus temperature T
measurements demonstrate that Sr2Cu(OH)6 contains weakly interacting Cu+2
magnetic moments with spin S = 1/2 and average g-factor 2.133. From a fit of
X(T) by the Curie-Weiss law and of the M(H) isotherms by modified Brillouin
functions, the exchange interaction between adjacent Cu+2 spins was found to be
J/kB = -1.06(4)K, a weakly antiferromagnetic interaction. Our results indicate
that the previously reported, strongly sample-dependent, Curie-Weiss
contribution to X(T) of a polycrystalline Sr2CuO3 sample most likely arises
from exposing the sample to air, resulting in a variable amount of paramagnetic
Sr2Cu(OH)6 on the surface of the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125618 </DOCNO>
Afterglow Emission from Highly Collimated Jets with Flat Electron


  We derive light curves of the afterglow emission from highly collimated jets
if the power-law index ($p$) of the electron energy distribution is above 1 but
below 2. We find (1) below the characteristic synchrotron frequency, the light
curve index depends generally on $p$. (2) As long as the jet expansion is
spherical, the light curve index above the characteristic frequency increases
slowly as the spectral index of the emission increases. (3) Once the jet enters
the spreading phase, the high-frequency emission flux decays as $\propto
t^{-(p+6)/4}$ rather than $\propto t^{-p}$. All these results differ from those
in the case of $p>2$. We compare our analytical results with the observations
on the GRB 010222 afterglow, and conclude that the jet model may be unable to
explain the observed data. Thus, a more promising explanation for this
afterglow seems to be the expansion of a relativistic fireball or a mildly
collimated jet in a dense medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5675 </DOCNO>
Entanglement, quantum phase transitions, and density matrix


  We investigate the role of entanglement in quantum phase transitions, and
show that the success of the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) in
understanding such phase transitions is due to the way it preserves
entanglement under renormalization. We provide a reinterpretation of the DMRG
in terms of the language and tools of quantum information science which allows
us to rederive the DMRG in a physically transparent way. Motivated by our
reinterpretation we suggest a modification of the DMRG which manifestly takes
account of the entanglement in a quantum system. This modified renormalization
scheme is shown,in certain special cases, to preserve more entanglement in a
quantum system than traditional numerical renormalization methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168870 </DOCNO>
Some bounds for quantum copying


  In the paper, lower bounds on the absolute error and the relative error of an
abstract copying of two-state set are derived. A copying transformation and
dimension of state space are not specified. Only the unitarity of quantum
mechanical transformations is used. The presented approach is based on the
notion of the angle between two states. Firstly, several useful statements
simply expressed in terms of angles are proven. The lower bound on the absolute
error that was first considered by Hillery and Buzek are then examined. The
stronger bounds on the absolute error are derived. The relationship between the
size of error and the corresponding probability distributions is also
considered. Therefore, the proposed approach supplements and reinforces the
results obtained by Hillery and Buzek. Finally, the notion of the relative
error is introduced and the lower bound on the relative error is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1072 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic Properties of the Dimerised and Frustrated S=1/2 Chain


  By high temperature series expansion, exact diagonalisation and temperature
density-matrix renormalisation the magnetic susceptibility $\chi(T)$ and the
specific heat $C(T)$ of dimerised and frustrated $S=1/2$ chains are computed.
All three methods yield reliable results, in particular for not too small
temperatures or not too small gaps. The series expansion results are provided
in the form of polynomials allowing very fast and convenient fits in data
analysis using algebraic programmes. We discuss the difficulty to extract more
than two coupling constants from the temperature dependence of $\chi(T)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129090 </DOCNO>
Supercluster Properties as a Cosmological Probe


  We investigate the supercluster shape properties of the all-sky observed
(Abell/ACO) and simulated (Virgo data) cluster catalogues using an approach
based on differential geometry. We reliably identify rich superclusters by
applying percolation statistics to both observed and mock cluster populations,
the latter being constructed following the observational requirements of the
Abell/ACO sample extended out to $z_{\rm max}\leq 0.114$. We apply a set of
shape diagnostics in order to study in a thorough way the morphological
features of superclusters with $\geq 8$ cluster members. Results demonstrate
that filamentarity is the dominant shape feature of superclusters. On comparing
data and models, we show that the $\Lambda$CDM ($\Omega_{\Lambda}=1-\Omega_{\rm
m}=0.7$) model performs better than $\tau$CDM, which is excluded at a high
confidence level, in agreement with other recent large scale structure studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98589 </DOCNO>
Dense families of selections and finite-dimensional spaces


  A characterization of $n$-dimensional spaces via continuous selections
avoiding $Z_n$-sets is given, and a selection theorem for strongly
countable-dimensional spaces is established. We apply these results to prove a
generalized Ostrand's theorem and to obtain a new alternative proof of the
Hurewicz formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127233 </DOCNO>
The Effects of Photoionization on Galaxy Formation - I: Model and


  We develop a coupled model for the evolution of the global properties of the
intergalactic medium (IGM) and the formation of galaxies, in the presence of a
photoionizing background due to stars and quasars. We use this model to predict
the thermodynamic history of the IGM when photoionized by galaxies forming in a
cold dark matter (CDM) universe. The evolution of the galaxies is calculated
using a semi-analytical model, including a detailed treatment of the effects of
tidal stripping and dynamical friction on satellite galaxies orbiting inside
larger dark matter halos. We include in the model the negative feedback on
galaxy formation from the photoionizing background. Photoionization inhibits
galaxy formation in low-mass dark matter halos in two ways: (i) heating of the
IGM and inhibition of the collapse of gas into dark halos by the IGM pressure,
and (ii) reduction in the radiative cooling of gas within halos. The result of
our method is a self-consistent model of galaxy formation and the IGM. The IGM
is reheated twice (during reionization of HI and HeII), and we find that the
star formation rate per unit volume is slightly suppressed after each episode
of reheating. We find that galaxies brighter than L_* are mostly unaffected by
reionization, while the abundance of faint galaxies is significantly reduced,
leading to present-day galaxy luminosity functions with shallow faint end
slopes, in good agreement with recent observational data. Reionization also
affects other properties of these faint galaxies, in a readily understandable
way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174702 </DOCNO>
Centrality Dependence of Charged Particle Multiplicity at Mid-Rapidity


  We present a measurement of the pseudorapidity density of primary charged
particles near mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 130 GeV as a
function of the number of participating nucleons. These results are compared to
models in an attempt to discriminate between competing scenarios of particle
production in heavy ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167996 </DOCNO>
Temporally stable coherent states in energy degenerate systems: The


  Klauder's recent generalization of the harmonic oscillator coherent states
[J. Phys. A 29, L293 (1996)] is applicable only in non-degenerate systems,
requiring some additional structure if applied to systems with degeneracies.
The author suggests how this structure could be added, and applies the complete
method to the hydrogen atom problem. To illustrate how a certain degree of
freedom in the construction may be exercised, states are constructed which are
initially localized and evolve semi-classically, and whose long time evolution
exhibits "fractional revivals."

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148950 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Instabilities of Brane World Models


  We show the instability of two self-tuning brane world models with gauge
invariant linear perturbation theory. This general method confirms a known
instability of the original model with vanishing bulk potential. We also show
the dynamical instability of a recently proposed self-tuning "smooth" brane
model and its limit, the Randall-Sundrum model. Astonishingly, we also find
instability under purely gravitational perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1682 </DOCNO>
Turbulent Photon Filamentation in Resonant Media


  Optical turbulence is the term that is used being based on the analogy
between hydrodynamic and optical equations. The phenomenon of turbulent photon
filamentation occurs in lasers and other active optical media at high Fresnel
numbers. A description of this phenomenon is suggested. The solutions to
evolution equations are presented in the form of a bunch of filaments
chaotically distributed in space and having different radii. The probability
distribution of patterns is defined characterizing the probabilistic weight of
different filaments. The most probable filament radius and filament number are
found, being in good agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126260 </DOCNO>
The Lithium Flash - Thermal instabilities generated by lithium burning


  We present a scenario to explain the lithium-rich phase which occurs on the
red giant branch at the so-called bump in the luminosity function. The high
transport coefficients required to enhance the surface lithium abundance are
obtained in the framework of rotation-induced mixing thanks to the impulse of
the important nuclear energy released in a lithium burning shell. Under certain
conditions a lithium flash is triggered off. The enhanced mass loss rate due to
the temporary increase of the stellar luminosity naturally accounts for a dust
shell formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123365 </DOCNO>
Superflares and Giant Planets


  Stellar flares 100-10^7 times more energetic than the most powerful solar
flares have been detected from 9 normal F and G main sequence stars (Schaefer,
King & Deliyannis 2000). Although these stars are not in close binary systems,
their superflares show a remarkable similarity to the large stellar flares
observed on RS Canum Venaticorum binary systems. Such flares are caused by
magnetic reconnection events associated with the tangling of magnetic fields
between the two stars. The superflare stars are certainly not of this class,
although the mechanism may be similar. The superflares may be caused by
magnetic reconnection between fields of the primary star and a close-in Jovian
planet. This scenario explains the energies, durations, and spectra of
superflares, as well as explain why our Sun does not have such events. Only
known planetary properties and reconnection scenarios are required by this
mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114397 </DOCNO>
Optimized Filling of the ALS Storage Ring


  The Storage Ring at the Advanced Light Source is capable of being filled in
selectable buckets. Typically, 276 consecutive buckets out of 328 possible are
selected. It has been found that the amount of charge injected is not uniform
bucket-to-bucket, sometimes varying by 100% or more. This variability causes
problems with beam stability, and it may shorten the beam lifetime. We have
devised a feedback system that allows for beam filling in an orderly manner,
yielding bunch heights uniform to within 17%. At fill time, multiple bunches
are injected into the Storage ring first, then, using feedback, selected single
bunches are used to top off the fill.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96404 </DOCNO>
Operads for x-physics


  The essential parts of the operad algebra are concisely presented, which
should be useful when confronting with the operadic physics. It is also
clarified how the Gerstenhaber algebras can be associated with the linear
pre-operads (comp algebras). Their relation to mechanics is concisely
discussed. A hypothesis that the Feynman diagrams are observables is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81329 </DOCNO>
Hadron Spectrum for Quenched Domain-Wall Fermions with DBW2 Gauge Action


  We investigate basic physical quantities for quenched simulation with
domain-wall fermions and the DBW2 gauge action. Masses and decay constant of
pseudoscalar mesons are measured. Scaling properties are tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150210 </DOCNO>
Dilaton Condensation in Cubic Open String Field Theory


  This paper has been withdrawn by the authors, due a crucial error in Sec. 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128347 </DOCNO>
V2487 Ophiuchi: A strong candidate for a recurrent nova and a progenitor


  The light curve of the 1998 outburst of V2487 Ophiuchi (Nova Oph 1998) shows
a very rapid decline (t_3 ~ 9 day) and a mid-plateau phase from 10 to 30 days
after the optical maximum, which are characteristics common to the U Sco
subclass of the recurrent novae. We have numerically reproduced light curves of
the 1998 outburst based on a thermonuclear runaway model with optically thick
winds. The results show that the mass of the white dwarf (WD) is as massive as
1.35 \pm 0.01 M_\sun; the envelope mass of the WD at the optical maximum is ~ 6
x 10^{-6} M_\sun; the hydrogen content of the WD envelope is as low as X ~ 0.1
by mass weight. The mass transfer rate in quiescence is roughly estimated to be
\~ 1.5 x 10^{-7} M_\sun yr^{-1} and, therefore, that the recurrence period of
nova outbursts is about 40 yr. Since the WD mass may be now growing at a rate
of ~ 2 x 10^{-8} M_\sun yr^{-1}, V2487 Oph is a strong candidate for a
progenitor of a Type Ia supernova.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72400 </DOCNO>
Instabilities in neutrino-plasma density waves


  One examines the interaction and possible resonances between supernova
neutrinos and electron plasma waves. The neutrino phase space distribution and
its boundary regions are analyzed in detail. It is shown that the boundary
regions are too wide to produce non-linear resonant effects. The growth or
damping rates induced by neutrinos are always proportional to the neutrino flux
and $G_{{\rm F}}^{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3665 </DOCNO>
The Twist Mode in Atomic Fermi Gases


  The quantum-kinetic energy of a finite number of trapped fermionic atoms
provides a restoring force for shear motion due to a distortion of the momentum
distribution. In analogy to the twist mode of nuclear physics it is proposed
that counter-rotating the upper and lower hemisphere of a spherical atomic
cloud yields a finite-frequency mode closely related to transverse zero-sound
waves in bulk Fermi liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73675 </DOCNO>
QCD Aspects of Exclusive B Decays


  Exclusive B decays can be factorized as convolutions of hard scattering
amplitudes involving the weak interaction with universal hadron distribution
amplitudes, thus providing a new QCD-based phenomenology. In addition,
semi-leptonic decay amplitudes can be computed exactly in terms of the diagonal
and off-diagonal overlap of hadronic light-cone wavefunctions. I review these
formalisms and the essential QCD ingredients. canonical form of the light-cone
wavefunctions, valid at low values of the transverse momenta, is presented. The
existence of intrinsic charm Fock states in the B meson wavefunction can
enhance the production of final states of B -decay with three charmed quarks,
such as B --> J/psi D pi, as well as lead to the breakdown of the CKM
hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5276 </DOCNO>
Metastable states in a class of long-range Hamiltonian systems


  We numerically show that metastable states, similar to the Quasi Stationary
States found in the so called Hamiltonian Mean Field Model, are also present in
a generalized model in which $N$ classical spins (rotators) interact through
ferromagnetic couplings decaying as $r^{-\alpha}$, where $r$ is their distance
over a regular lattice. Scaling laws with $N$ are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72992 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Superpartners


  A brief summary is given of studies on supersymmetry and the spectrum of
superparticles presented at the Linear Collider Workshop 2000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127770 </DOCNO>
Hands-On Universe: A Global Program for Education and Public Outreach in


  Hands-On Universe (HOU) is an educational program that enables students to
investigate the Universe while applying tools and concepts from science, math,
and technology. Using the Internet, HOU participants around the world request
observations from an automated telescope, download images from a large image
archive, and analyze them with the aid of user-friendly image processing
software. This program is developing now in many countries, including the USA,
France, Germany, Sweden, Japan, Australia, and others. A network of telescopes
has been established among these countries, many of them remotely operated, as
shown in the accompanying demo. Using this feature, students in the classroom
are able to make night observations during the day, using a telescope placed in
another country. An archive of images taken on large telescopes is also
accessible, as well as resources for teachers. Students are also dealing with
real research projects, e.g. the search for asteroids, which resulted in the
discovery of a Kuiper Belt object by high-school students. Not only Hands-On
Universe gives the general public an access to professional astronomy, but it
is also a more general tool to demonstrate the use of a complex automated
system, the techniques of data processing and automation. Last but not least,
through the use of telescopes located in many countries over the globe, a form
of powerful and genuine cooperation between teachers and children from various
countries is promoted, with a clear educational goal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3798 </DOCNO>
Resonant peak splitting for ballistic conductance in magnetic


  We investigate theoretically the resonant splitting of ballistic conductance
peaks in magnetic superlattices. It is found that, for magnetic superlattices
with periodically arranged $n$ identical magnetic-barriers, there exists a
general $(n-1)$-fold resonant peak splitting rule for ballistic conductance,
which is the analogy of the $(n-1)$-fold resonant splitting for transmission in
$n$-barrier electric superlattices (R. Tsu and L. Esaki, Appl. Phys. Lett. {\bf
22}, 562 (1973)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124036 </DOCNO>
Space, Time, and Matter: Cosmological Parameters 2001


  Over the past three years, our confidence in the inferred values of
cosmological parameters has increased dramatically, confirming that the flat
matter dominated Universe that dominated cosmological model building for the
past 20 years does not correspond to the Universe in which we live. I review
recent developments here and quote best fit current values for fundamental
cosmological parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168284 </DOCNO>
Separability Properties of Three-mode Gaussian States


  We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the separability of
tripartite three mode Gaussian states, that is easy to check for any such
state. We give a classification of the separability properties of those systems
and show how to determine for any state to which class it belongs. We show that
there exist genuinely tripartite bound entangled states and point out how to
construct and prepare such states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1196 </DOCNO>
Multiple-path interferometer with a single quantum obstacle


  We consider the scattering of particles by an obstacle which tunnels
coherently between two positions. We show that the obstacle mimics two
classical scatterers at fixed positions when the kinetic energy epsilon of the
incident particles is smaller than the tunnel splitting Delta: If the obstacles
are arranged in parallel, one observes an interference pattern as in the
conventional double-slit experiment. If they are arranged in series, the
observations conform with a Fabry-Perot interferometer. At larger epsilon
inelastic processes result in more complex interference phenomena. Interference
disappears when epsilon >> Delta, but can be recovered if only the elastic
scattering channel is detected. We discuss the realization of a quantum
obstacle in mesoscopic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127004 </DOCNO>
Tidal Evolution Of the Planetary System around HD 83443


  Two planets with orbital period ratio approximately 10:1 have been discovered
around the star HD 83443. The inner and more massive planet, HD 83443b, has the
smallest semi-major axis among all currently known exoplanets. Unlike other
short period exoplanets, it maintains a substantial orbital eccentricity,
e_1=0.079+/- 0.008, in spite of efficient tidal damping. This is a consequence
of its secular interactions with HD 83443c whose orbital eccentricity
e_2=0.42+/-0.06. Dissipation, associated with tides the star raises in the
inner planet, removes energy but not angular momentum from its orbit, while
secular interactions transfer angular momentum but not energy from the inner to
the outer planet's orbit. The outward transfer of angular momentum decreases
the tidal decay rate of the inner planet's orbital eccentricity while
increasing that of the outer planet. The alignment of the apsides of the
planets' orbits is another consequence of tidal and secular interactions. In
this state the ratio of their orbital eccentricities, e_1/e_2, depends upon the
secular perturbations the planets exert on each other and on additional
perturbations that enhance the inner planet's precession rate. Tidal and
rotational distortions of the inner planet along with general relativity
provide the most important of these extra precessional perturbations, each of
which acts to reduce e_1/e_2. Provided the planets' orbits are coplanar, the
observed eccentricity ratio uniquely relates sin i and
C=(k_2/k_{2J})(R_1/R_J)^5, where the tidal Love number, k_2, and radius, R_1,
of the inner planet are scaled by their Jovian equivalents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124618 </DOCNO>
Free conical dynamics: charge-monopole as a particle with spin, anyon


  We discuss the origin of the effectively free dynamics of the charge in the
magnetic monopole field to apply it for finding the alternative treatment of
the charge-monopole as a particle with spin, for tracing out the relation of
the charge-monopole to the free relativistic anyon and for clarifying the
nature of the non-standard nonlinear supersymmetry of the fermion-monopole
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6959 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Behaviour of Fine Granular Glass/Bronze Mixtures under


  We report the behaviour of mixtures of fine bronze and glass spheres under
sinusoidal vertical vibration. Depending upon the ratio of their diameters and
the amplitude and frequency of the vibration, we observe the formation of sharp
separation boundaries between glass-rich and bronze-rich phases, the absence of
gross convection which would mix these phases, and a number of oscillatory and
non-periodic behaviours. These phenomena are related to the differential air
damping of the glass and bronze grains, disappearing completely in the absence
of air.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74765 </DOCNO>
Impact of the three-loop corrections on the QCD analysis of the


  We perform the analysis of the existing inclusive deep inelastic scattering
(DIS) data within NNLO QCD approximation. The parton distributions functions
(PDFs) and the value of strong coupling constant
$\alpha_{s}(M_Z)=0.1143\pm0.0013 (exp)$ are obtained. The sensitivity of the
PDFs to the uncertainty in the value of the NNLO corrections to the splitting
functions is analyzed. It is shown that the PDFs errors due to this uncertainty
is generally less than the experimental uncertainty in PDFs through the region
of $x$ spanned by the existing DIS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95875 </DOCNO>
You Can Enter Cantor's Paradise


  This paper is based on the talk given by the author after he received the
International Bolyai Prize in Mathematics (on November 4, 2000 in Budapest,
Hungary).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 64 </DOCNO>
Coulomb effects in dynamics of polar lattices


  Zone-center phonon frequencies of polar lattices are calculated for uniaxial
crystals from the symmetry arguments. Long-range Coulomb forces and crystal
anisotropy are explicitly taken into account. Free-carrier contributions into a
dielectric constant are included. The angular dispersion of optical-phonon
modes is compared with data for hexagonal 6H-SiC politype.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73263 </DOCNO>
Vector Meson Decay of Baryon Resonances


  We investigate the coupling of vector mesons with nucleons to nucleon
resonances in an isospin-selective VMD approach and explore the in-medium
properties of vector mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113946 </DOCNO>
A guided Monte Carlo method for optimization problems


  We introduce a new Monte Carlo method by incorporating a guided distribution
function to the conventional Monte Carlo method. In this way, the efficiency of
Monte Carlo methods is drastically improved. To further speed up the algorithm,
we include two more ingredients into the algorithm. First, we freeze the
sub-patterns that have high probability of appearance during the search for
optimal solution, resulting in a reduction of the phase space of the problem.
Second, we perform the simulation at a temperature which is within the optimal
temperature range of the optimization search in our algorithm. We use this
algorithm to search for the optimal path of the traveling salesman problem and
the ground state energy of the spin glass model and demonstrate that its
performance is comparable with more elaborate and heuristic methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124179 </DOCNO>
The intermittent behavior and hierarchical clustering of the cosmic mass


  The hierarchical clustering model of the cosmic mass field is examined in the
context of intermittency. We show that the mass field satisfying the
correlation hierarchy $\xi_n\simeq Q_n(\xi_2)^{n-1}$ is intermittent if $\kappa
< d$, where $d$ is the dimension of the field, and $\kappa$ is the power-law
index of the non-linear power spectrum in the discrete wavelet transform (DWT)
representation. We also find that a field with singular clustering can be
described by hierarchical clustering models with scale-dependent coefficients
$Q_n$ and that this scale-dependence is completely determined by the
intermittent exponent and $\kappa$. Moreover, the singular exponents of a field
can be calculated by the asymptotic behavior of $Q_n$ when $n$ is large.
Applying this result to the transmitted flux of HS1700 Ly$\alpha$ forests, we
find that the underlying mass field of the Ly$\alpha$ forests is significantly
intermittent. On physical scales less than about 2.0 h$^{-1}$ Mpc, the observed
intermittent behavior is qualitatively different from the prediction of the
hierarchical clustering with constant $Q_n$. The observations, however, do show
the existence of an asymptotic value for the singular exponents. Therefore, the
mass field can be described by the hierarchical clustering model with
scale-dependent $Q_n$. The singular exponent indicates that the cosmic mass
field at redshift $\sim 2$ is weakly singular at least on physical scales as
small as 10 h$^{-1}$ kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126988 </DOCNO>
A Radiation-Hydrodynamical Model for Supermassive Black Hole-to-Bulge


  As a potential mechanism to build up supermassive black holes (BHs) in a
spheroidal system, we consider the radiation drag effect by bulge stars, which
extracts angular momentum from interstellar gas and thus allows the gas to
accrete onto the galactic center. With incorporating radiation hydrodynamical
equation with simple stellar evolution, it is shown that the BH-to-bulge mass
ratio, $f_{BH}$, is basically determined by a fundamental constant, that is,
the energy conversion efficiency for nuclear fusion of hydrogen to helium,
$\epsilon=0.007$. More specifically, $f_{BH}$ is predicted to be $0.3\epsilon
-0.5\epsilon$. Based on the present model for BH growth, a scenario for quasar
formation is addressed in relation to ultraluminous infrared galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6235 </DOCNO>
Anomalous acoustoelectric effect in La_{0.67}Ca_{0.33}MnO_{3} films


  We have studied acoustoelectric (AE) effect produced by surface acoustic
waves (SAW) in a monolithic layered structure, composed of piezodielectric
LiNbO_{3} substrate and La_{0.67}Ca_{0.33}MnO_{3} film. The experiments
unexpectedly revealed in the longitudinal AE effect an anomalous contribution,
invariant upon reversal of SAW propagation, which coexists with the ordinary
(odd in wave vector) effect. The anomalous effect dominates near the
metal-insulator transition, while the ordinary effect prevails at high and low
temperatures. We show that the anomalous effect is caused by strong modulation
of the film conductivity produced by the SAW elastic deformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73028 </DOCNO>
Electroweak baryogenesis and hierarchy


  We consider the scenario of electroweak baryogenesis mediated by cosmological
defects in a model of extra dimension. We consider the domain wall on the brane
in higher-dimensional theories.The electroweak breaking scale is suppressed and
the sphaleron interaction is activated in the false vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3266 </DOCNO>
An analytical strong coupling approach in dynamical mean-field theory


  In the limit of infinite spatial dimensions a thermodynamically consistent
theory of the strongly correlated electron systems, which is valid for
arbitrary value of the Coulombic interaction ($U<\infty$), is built. For the
Hubbard model the total auxiliary single-site problem exactly splits into four
subspaces, which describe Fermi and non-Fermi liquid components. Such
analytical approach allows to construct different thermodynamically consistent
approximations: alloy-analogy approximation, Hartree-Fock approximation and
further, that describes the self-consistent renormalization of the bosonic
excitations (magnons and doublons).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7332 </DOCNO>
The theory of transvers Nernst--Ettingshausen effect and thermopower of


  The transverse Nernst--Ettingshausen effect and thermopower of hot charge
carriers in nondegenerate impure semiconductors placed at high electric and
nonquantized magnetic fields in the nondiffusion approximation is studied.
Arbitrary heating and mutual drag of electrons and long wavelength phonons
interacting with electrons are considered.
  The spectrum of electrons is assumed to be strong nonparabolic in Kane
two--band approximation.
  The case when the electron concentration is high and frequent interelectronic
collisions lead to the equilibrium symmetric part of the electron distribution
function with effective electron temperature is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97967 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional Scherk's hypersurfaces


  In 3-dimensional Euclidean space, Scherk second surfaces are singly periodic
embedded minimal surfaces with four planar ends. In this paper, we obtain a
natural generalization of these minimal surfaces in any higher dimensional
Euclidean space ${\R}^{n+1}$, for $n \geq 3$. More precisely, we show that
there exist $(n-1)$-periodic embedded minimal hypersurfaces with four
hyperplanar ends. The moduli space of these hypersurfaces forms a 1-dimensional
fibration over the moduli space of flat tori in ${\R}^{n-1}$. A partial
description of the boundary of this moduli space is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167997 </DOCNO>
Generic entanglement generation, quantum statistics and complementarity


  A general and an arbitrarily efficient scheme for entangling the spins (or
any spin-like degree of freedom) of two independent uncorrelated identical
particles by a combination of two particle interferometry and which way
detection is formulated. It is shown that the same setup could be used to
identify the quantum statistics of the incident particles from either the sign
or the magnitude of measured spin correlations. Our setup also exhibits a
curious complementarity between particle distinguishability and the amount of
generated entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74892 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the two-photon vacuum polarization and the self


  The renormalization method of Bogoljubov-Parasiuk-Hepp-Zimmermann (BPHZ) is
used in order to derive the renormalized energy shift due to the gauge
invariant K\"all\'en-Sabry diagram of the two-photon vacuum polarization (VPVP)
as well as the self energy vacuum polarization S(VP)E beyond the Uehling
approximation. It is outlined, that no outer renormalization is required for
the two-photon vacuum polarization and that only the inner renormalization has
to b e accomplished. It is shown that the so-called nongauge invariant spurious
term is absent for a wide class of vacuum polarization (VP) diagrams if one
applies the widely used spherical expansion of bound and free-electron propagat
or. This simplifies significantly calculations in bound state quantum
electrodynamis . As one result of our paper the use of the BPHZ-approach in
bound state QED is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174862 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the beam-helicity asymmetry in the p(e_pol,e'p)pi_0


  In a p(e_pol,e'p)pi_0 out-of-plane coincidence experiment at the
3-spectrometer setup of the Mainz Microtron MAMI, the beam-helicity asymmetry
has been precisely measured around the energy of the Delta(1232) resonance and
Q^2 = 0.2 (GeV/c)^2. The results are in disagreement with three up-to-date
model calculations. This is interpreted as lack of understanding of the
non-resonant background, which in dynamical models is related to the pion
cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98457 </DOCNO>
Affine varieties with equivalent cylinders


  A well-known cancellation problem asks when, for two algebraic varieties
$V_1, V_2 \subseteq {\bf C}^n$, the isomorphism of the cylinders $V_1 \times
{\bf C}$ and $V_2 \times {\bf C}$ implies the isomorphism of $V_1$ and $V_2$.
  In this paper, we address a related problem: when the equivalence (under an
automorphism of ${\bf C}^{n+1}$) of two cylinders $V_1 \times {\bf C}$ and $V_2
\times {\bf C}$ implies the equivalence of their bases $V_1$ and $V_2$ under an
automorphism of ${\bf C}^n$? We concentrate here on hypersurfaces and show that
this problem establishes a strong connection between the Cancellation
conjecture of Zariski and the Embedding conjecture of Abhyankar and Sathaye. We
settle the problem for a large class of polynomials. On the other hand, we give
examples of equivalent cylinders with inequivalent bases (those cylinders,
however, are not hypersurfaces).
  Another result of interest is that, for an arbitrary field $K$, the
equivalence of two polynomials in $m$ variables under an automorphism of
$K[x_1,..., x_n], n \ge m,$ implies their equivalence under a tame automorphism
of $K[x_1,..., x_{2n}]$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3277 </DOCNO>
Theory of self-similar oscillatory finite-time singularities in Finance,


  This is a short letter summarizing the long paper cond-mat/0106047 in which
we present a simple two-dimensional dynamical system reaching a singularity in
finite time decorated by accelerating oscillations due to the interplay between
nonlinear positive feedback and reversal in the inertia. This provides a
fundamental equation for the dynamics of (1) stock market prices in the
presence of nonlinear trend-followers and nonlinear value investors, (2) the
world human population with a competition between a population-dependent growth
rate and a nonlinear dependence on a finite carrying capacity and (3) the
failure of a material subject to a time-varying stress with a competition
between positive geometrical feedback on the damage variable and nonlinear
healing. The rich fractal scaling properties of the dynamics are traced back to
the self-similar spiral structure in phase space unfolding around an unstable
spiral point at the origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81 </DOCNO>
Diffusion in a strongly correlated anisotropic overlayer


  We study the collective diffusion in chain structures on anisotropic
substrates like (112) bcc and (110) fcc surfaces with deep troughs in the
substrate potential corrugation. These chain structures are aligned normal to
the troughs and can move only along the troughs. In a combination of
theoretical arguments and of numerical simulations, we study the mass transport
in these anisotropic systems. We find that a mechanism similar to soliton
diffusion, instead of single particle diffusion, is still effective at
temperatures well above the melting temperature of the ordered chain
structures. This mechanism is directly correlated with the ordered phases that
appear at much lower temperatures. As a consequence, also the influence of
frozen disorder is still visible above the melting temperature. Theoretically
we predict a strong dependence of the pre-exponential factor and weak
dependence of the activation energy on the concentration of frozen surface
defects. These predictions are confirmed by the simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77108 </DOCNO>
Inequalities for generalized parton distributions H and E


  New positivity bounds are derived for quark and gluon generalized parton
distributions $H$ and $E$ in spin 1/2 hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74728 </DOCNO>
Photons, neutrinos and optical activity


  We compute the one-loop helicity amplitudes for low-energy
$\nu\gamma\to\nu\gamma$ scattering and its crossed channels in the standard
model with massless neutrinos. In the center of mass, with $\sqrt{s} =
2\omega\ll 2m_e$, the cross sections for these $2\to 2$ channels grow roughly
as $\omega^6$. The scattered photons in the elastic channel are circularly
polarized and the net value of the polarization is non-zero. We also present a
discussion of the optical activity of a sea of neutrinos and estimate the
values of its index of refraction and rotary power.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125031 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic evidence for the binary nature of AM CVn


  We analysed archival spectroscopic data of AM CVn taken with the William
Herschel Telescope in 1996. In the literature two orbital periods for AM CVn
are proposed. A clear S-wave in the HeI 4471, 4387 and 4143 \AA lines is
revealed when the spectra are folded on the 1029 s period. No signature of this
S-wave is seen when folded on 1051 s. Doppler tomography of the line profiles
shows a clear signature of the hotspot. Using this we can constrain the value
of K_2 to lie between 210 and 280 km/s. Our work confirms the binary nature of
AM CVn beyond any doubt, establishes 1028.73 s as the true orbital period and
supports the interpretation of AM CVn as a permanent superhump system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95506 </DOCNO>
Continuous Fields of $C^*$-Algebras Arising from Extensions of Tensor


  The notion of extension of a given $C^*$-category $C$ by a $C^*$-algebra $A$
is introduced. In the commutative case $A = C(\Omega)$, the objects of the
extension category are interpreted as fiber bundles over $\Omega$ of objects
belonging to the initial category. It is shown that the Doplicher-Roberts
algebra (DR-algebra in the following) associated to an object in the extension
of a strict tensor $C^*$-category is a continuous field of DR-algebras coming
from the initial one. In the case of the category of the hermitian vector
bundles over $\Omega$ the general result implies that the DR-algebra of a
vector bundle is a continuous field of Cuntz algebras. Some applications to
Pimsner $C^*$-algebras are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 577 </DOCNO>
Tuning a Resonance in the Fock Space: Optimization of Phonon Emission in


  Phonon-assisted tunneling in a double barrier resonant tunneling device can
be seen as a resonance in the electron-phonon Fock space which is tuned by the
applied voltage. We show that the geometrical parameters can induce a symmetry
condition in this space that can strongly enhance the emission of longitudinal
optical phonons. For devices with thin emitter barriers this is achieved by a
wider collector's barrier.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129584 </DOCNO>
Faint Cataclysmic Variables in Quiescence: Globular Cluster and Field


  Current evolutionary models imply that most Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) have
P_orb<2 hours and are Dwarf Nova (DN) systems that are quiescent most of the
time. Observations of nearby quiescent DN find that the UV spectrum is
dominated by the hot white dwarf (WD), indicating that it provides a
significant fraction of the optical light in addition to the quiescent disk and
main sequence companion. Hence, identifying a faint, quiescent CV in either the
field or a globular cluster (GC) from broadband colors depends on our ability
to predict the WD contribution in quiescence. We are undertaking a theoretical
study of the compressional heating of WDs, extending down to very low time
averaged accretion rates, <Mdot>~10^{-11}M_sun/yr, which allows us to
self-consistently find the T_eff} of the WD. We demonstrate here that most of
the compressional heating occurs in the freshly accreted envelope and that the
WD core temperature reaches a fixed value on a timescale less than typical
evolutionary times. Since nuclear burning is unstable at these <Mdot>'s, we
have incorporated the recurrent heating and cooling of the WD core throughout
the classical novae limit cycle in order to find the T_eff-<Mdot> relations.
Comparing to observations of field DN confirms the <Mdot>-P_orb relation of
disrupted magnetic braking. We also predict broad-band colors of a quiescent CV
as a function of <Mdot> and companion mass and show that this leads to the
identification of what may be many CVs in deep HST images of GCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81288 </DOCNO>
Constrained fitting of three-point functions


  We determine matrix elements for $B \to D$ semileptonic decay. The use of the
constrained fitting method and multiple smearings for both two- and three-point
correlators allows an improved calculation of the form factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179262 </DOCNO>
Dynamical description of the breakup of one-neutron halo nuclei 11Be and


  We investigate the breakup of the one-neutron halo nuclei 11Be and 19C within
a dynamical model of the continuum excitation of the projectile. The time
evolution of the projectile in coordinate space is described by solving the
three-dimensional time dependent Schroedinger equation, treating the
projectile-target (both Coulomb and nuclear) interaction as a time dependent
external perturbation. The pure Coulomb breakup dominates the relative energy
spectra of the fragments in the peak region, while the nuclear breakup is
important at higher relative energies. The coherent sum of the two
contributions provides a good overall description of the experimental spectra.
Cross sections of the first order perturbation theory are derived as a limit of
our dynamical model. The dynamical effects are found to be of the order of
10-15% for the beam energies in the range of 60 - 80 MeV/nucleon. A comparison
of our results with those of a post form distorted wave Born approximation
shows that the magnitudes of the higher order effects are dependent on the
theoretical model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95948 </DOCNO>
Higher su(N) tensor products


  We extend our recent results on ordinary su(N) tensor product multiplicities
to higher su(N) tensor products. Particular emphasis is put on four-point
couplings where the tensor product of four highest weight modules is
considered. The number of times the singlet occurs in the decomposition is the
associated multiplicity. In this framework, ordinary tensor products correspond
to three-point couplings. As in that case, the four-point multiplicity may be
expressed explicitly as a multiple sum measuring the discretised volume of a
convex polytope. This description extends to higher-point couplings as well. We
also address the problem of determining when a higher-point coupling exists,
i.e., when the associated multiplicity is non-vanishing. The solution is a set
of inequalities in the Dynkin labels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99225 </DOCNO>
A supersingular K3 surface in characteristic 2 and the Leech lattice


  We construct a K3 surface over an algebraically closed field of
characteristic 2 which contains two sets of 21 disjoint smooth rational curves
such that each curve from one set intersects exactly 5 curves from the other
set. This configuration is isomorphic to the configuration of points and lines
on the projective plane over the finite field of 4 elements. The surface admits
a finite automorphism group which contains the group of automorphisms of the
plane which acts on the configuration of each set of 21 smooth rational curves,
and the additional element of order 2 which interchanges the two sets. The
Picard lattice of the surface is a reflective sublattice of an even unimodular
lattice of signatuire (1,25) and the classes of the 42 curves correspond to
some Leech roots in this lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148845 </DOCNO>
N=2 Harmonic Superforms, Multiplets and Actions


  In this paper we develop the formalism to study superforms in N=2 harmonic
superspace. We perform a thorough (if not complete) analysis of the superforms
starting from 0-form and moving all the way up to 6-form. Like the N=1 case we
find that the lower superforms (0,1,2,3) describe the various important N=2
supermultiplets. Also, the forms form chains, the field strength of 0-form
being related to the gauge form of the 1-form, and so on. However, an important
difference with the N=1 case is that there is now more than one chain.
  Our main aim was to study the higher-forms (4,5,6) to obtain the various N=2
action formulas via the ectoplasmic approach. Indeed, we reproduce the three
known action formulas involving a volume integral, a contour integral and no
integral over the harmonic subspace from the 6, 5 and 4-form analysis
respectively. The next aim is to generalize the analysis to curved space-time
(supergravity).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150208 </DOCNO>
Trans-Planckian Physics and the Spectrum of Fluctuations in a Bouncing


  In this paper, we calculate the spectrum of scalar field fluctuations in a
bouncing, asymptotically flat Universe, and investigate the dependence of the
result on changes in the physics on length scales shorter than the Planck
length which are introduced via modifications of the dispersion relation. In
this model, there are no ambiguities concerning the choice of the initial
vacuum state. We study an example in which the final spectrum of fluctuations
depends sensitively on the modifications of the dispersion relation without
needing to invoke complex frequencies. Changes in the amplitude and in the
spectral index are possible, in addition to modulations of the spectrum. This
strengthens the conclusions of previous work in which the spectrum of
cosmological perturbations in expanding inflationary cosmologies was studied,
and it was found that, for dispersion relations for which the evolution is not
adiabatic, the spectrum changes from the standard prediction of
scale-invariance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125270 </DOCNO>
X-ray emission from middle-aged pulsars


  We present a simple, unified model which accounts for properties of the X-ray
emission from the three middle-aged pulsars PSR 1055-52, PSR 0656+14 and PSR
0630+18 (Geminga). The X-ray radiation from these objects is pulsed more
strongly at energies above a transition point around 0.5 keV. In addition, the
phase of the pulses shifts by about 80-100 degrees around the same point.
Geminga also has the peculiarity that its pulsed fraction decreases in the
0.3-0.5 keV energy range, attaining a minimum near 0.5 keV. We show that a
two-component hydrogen atmosphere is able to account for these disparate
features. In our model, the hotter component is powered by particle bombardment
and is restricted to the polar regions, while the cooler one covers the entire
stellar surface. The two components also differ in their emission patterns,
with the hard and soft contributions coming from areas radiating into fan and
pencil beams, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72621 </DOCNO>
Two-Point Stress-Tensor Correlator in N=1 SYM(2+1)


  Recent advances in string theory have highlighted the need for reliable
numerical methods to calculate correlators at strong coupling in supersymmetric
theories. We present a calculation of the correlator <0|T^{++}(r)T^{++}(0)|0>
in N=1 SYM theory in 2+1 dimensions. The numerical method we use is
supersymmetric discrete light-cone quantization (SDLCQ), which preserves the
supersymmetry at every order of the approximation and treats fermions and
bosons on the same footing. This calculation is done at large $N_c$. For small
and intermediate r the correlator converges rapidly for all couplings. At small
r the correlator behaves like 1/r^6, as expected from conformal field theory.
At large r the correlator is dominated by the BPS states of the theory. There
is, however, a critical value of the coupling where the large-r correlator goes
to zero, suggesting that the large-r correlator can only be trusted to some
finite coupling which depends on the transverse resolution. We find that this
critical coupling grows linearly with the square root of the transverse
momentum resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129293 </DOCNO>
Is Vacuum Decay Significant in Ekpyrotic and Cyclic Models?


  Recently, Heyl and Loeb have argued that there can be significant bubble
nucleation in ekpyrotic and cyclic cosmological scenarios that can lead to
unacceptable inhomogeneities unless certain constraints are satisfied. In this
Comment, we show that their conclusions are based on an approximation that is
invalid for the potentials typically considered in the ekpyrotic and cyclic
models, leading to an exponentially large overestimate of the bubble nucleation
rate. We find that bubble nucleation is completely negligible in realistic
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76856 </DOCNO>
Structure Functions are not Parton Probabilities


  We explain why contrary to common belief, the deep inelastic scattering
structure functions are not related to parton probabilities in the target.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74530 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Models and Collider Signatures


  We briefly review the SUGRA, GMSB and AMSB supersymmetry breaking models. We
then discuss the phenomenological differences between them and consequent
characteristic experimental signatures. This is followed by a review of the
discovery potential for supersymmetry at the Tevatron, LHC and a future e+e-
linear collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96240 </DOCNO>
Problems on polygons and Bonnesen-type inequalities


  In this paper we are interested in some Bonnesen-type isoperimetric
inequalities for plane n-gons in relation with the two conjectures proposed by
P. Levy and X.M. Zhang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97650 </DOCNO>
N-Level Quantum Systems and Legendre Functions


  An excitation dynamics of new quantum systems of N equidistant energy levels
in a monochromatic field has been investigated. To obtain exact analytical
solutions of dynamic equations an analytical method based on orthogonal
functions of a real argument has been proposed. Using the orthogonal Legendre
functions we have found an exact analytical expression for a population
probability amplitude of the level n. Various initial conditions for the
excitation of N-level quantum systems have been considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41753 </DOCNO>
Study of reaction pi- A --> pi+pi-pi- A at VES setup


  The results on partial wave analysis of 3pi system produced at beam momentum
36.6 GeV/c on beryllium target are presented. New method of amplitude analysis
is suggested -- extraction of largest eigenvalue of density matrix. Exotic wave
with JPC = 1-+ in rho pi system is studied in four t' regions. No narrow object
around M = 1.6 GeV is found. Unusually steep t'-dependence for pi(1300) object
is detected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179709 </DOCNO>
Attenuation of the intensity within a superdeformed band


  The attenuation of the intraband intensity of a superdeformed band, which
results from mixing with normally deformed configurations, is calculated using
reaction theory. It is found that the sharp increase of the attenuation is
mostly due to the tunnelling through a spin dependent barrier and not to the
chaotic nature of the normally deformed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1264 </DOCNO>
Quasi-degenerate self-trapping in one-dimensional charge transfer


  The self-trapping by the nondiagonal particle-phonon interaction between two
quasi-degenerate energy levels of excitonic system, is studied. We propose this
is realized in charge transfer exciton, where the directions of the
polarization give the quasi-degeneracy. It is shown that this mechanism, unlike
the conventional diagonal one, allows a coexistence and resonance of the free
and self-trapped states even in one-dimensional systems and a quantitative
theory for the optical properties (light absorption and time-resolved
luminescence) of the resonating states is presented. This theory gives a
consistent resolution for the long-standing puzzles in quasi-one-dimensional
compound A-PMDA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72945 </DOCNO>
Coarse-Grained Effective Action and Renormalization Group Theory in


  In this report we introduce the basic techniques (of the Closed Time Path -
Coarse Grained Effective Action CTP-CGEA) and ideas (scaling, coarse-graining
and backreaction) behind the treatment of quantum processes in dynamical
background spacetimes and fields. We show how they are useful for the
construction of renormalization group (RG) theories for studying these
nonequilibrium processes and discuss the underlying issues. Examples are drawn
from quantum field processes in an inflationary universe, semiclassical
cosmology and stochastic gravity. In Part I we show how eternal inflation can
be treated as static critical phenomena, while a `slow-roll' or power-law
inflation can be treated as dynamical critical phenomena. In Part II we
introduce the key concepts in open systems and discuss the relation of
coarse-graining and backreaction. In Part III we present the CTP - CGEA. We
perform perturbative and nonperturbative evaluations, and show how to derive RG
equations. In Part IV, we use the RG equations to derive the Einstein-Langevin
equation in stochastic semiclassical gravity. We end with a discussion on why a
stochastic component of RG equations is expected for nonequilibrium processes

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123779 </DOCNO>
3C236: Radio Source, Interrupted?


  We present new HST STIS/MAMA near-UV images and archival WFPC2 V and R band
images which reveal the presence of four star forming regions in an arc along
the edge of the dust lane in the giant (4 Mpc) radio galaxy 3C236. Two of the
star forming regions are relatively young with ages of order 1E7 yr, while the
other two are older with ages of order 1E8 - 1E9 yr which is comparable to the
estimated age of the giant radio source. Based on dynamical and spectral aging
arguments, we suggest that the fuel supply to the AGN was interrupted for 1E7
yr and has now been restored, resulting in the formation of the inner 2 kpc
scale radio source. This time scale is similar to that of the age of the
youngest of the star forming regions. We suggest that the transport of gas in
the disk is non-steady and that this produces both the multiple episodes of
star formation in the disk as well as the multiple epochs of radio source
activity. If the inner radio source and the youngest star forming region are
related by the same event of gas transport, the gas must be transported from
the hundreds of pc scale to the sub-parsec scale on a time scale of 1E7 yr,
which is similar to the dynamical time scale of the gas on the hundreds of pc
scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 250 </DOCNO>
Reply to Comment on "Quantum Phase Transition of Randomly-Diluted


  This is a reply to the comment by A. W. Sandvik (cond-mat/0010433) on our
paper Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4204 (2000). We show that his data do not conflict
with our data nor with our conclusions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124435 </DOCNO>
Abundances in Stars from the Red Giant Branch Tip to the Near the Main


  We present the sample for an abundance analysis of 25 members of M71 with
luminosities ranging from the red giant branch tip to the upper main sequence.
The spectra are of high dispersion and of high precision. We describe the
observing strategy and determine the stellar parameters for the sample stars
using both broad band colors and fits of H$\alpha$ profiles. The derived
stellar parameters agree with those from the Yale$^2$ stellar evolutionary
tracks to within 50 -- 100K for a fixed log g, which is within the level of the
uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81117 </DOCNO>
Two-colour QCD at non-zero quark-number density


  We have simulated two-colour four-flavour QCD at non-zero chemical potential
$\mu$ for quark number. Simulations were performed on $8^4$ and $12^3 \times
24$ lattices. Clear evidence was seen for the formation of a colourless diquark
condensate which breaks quark number spontaneously, for $\mu > \mu_c \sim
m_\pi/2$. The transition appears to be second order. We have measured the
spectrum of scalar and pseudoscalar bosons which shows clear evidence for the
expected Goldstone boson. Our results are in qualitative agreement with those
from effective Lagrangians for the potential Goldstone excitations of this
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76225 </DOCNO>
$J/\psi$ photoproduction at HERA


  We revise and update an earlier model for $J/\psi$ photoproduction based on a
dipole Pomeron exchange. We show that the H1 and ZEUS experimental data
reported recently can be well fitted by a soft Pomeron alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179173 </DOCNO>
Optimization of finite-range effective interaction for in-medium cross


  In order to incorporate the finite range effect into effective interactions,
a modification of the Skyrme force by introducing a cut-off factor for high
momentum transfers is proposed. The parameters of the cut-off factor are
determined by fitting the microscopic in-medium cross-sections of Li and
Machleidt over a wide range of energy and nuclear density. Results for the SkM*
and SLy4 forces are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149884 </DOCNO>
Asymmetrically Warped Spacetimes


  We investigate spacetimes in which the speed of light along flat 4D sections
varies over the extra dimensions due to different warp factors for the space
and the time coordinates (``asymmetrically warped'' spacetimes). The main
property of such spaces is that while the induced metric is flat, implying
Lorentz invariant particle physics on a brane, bulk gravitational effects will
cause apparent violations of Lorentz invariance and of causality from the brane
observer's point of view. An important experimentally verifiable consequence of
this is that gravitational waves may travel with a speed different from the
speed of light on the brane, and possibly even faster. We find the most general
spacetimes of this sort, which are given by certain types of black hole
spacetimes characterized by the mass and the charge of the black hole. We show
how to satisfy the junction conditions and analyze the properties of these
space-times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7089 </DOCNO>
A case study of stratus cloud base height multifractal fluctuations


  The complex structure of a typical stratus cloud base height (or profile)
time series is analyzed with respect to the variability of its fluctuations and
their correlations at all experimentally observed temporal scales. Due to the
underlying processes that create these time series, they are expected to have
multiscaling properties. For obtaining reliable measures of these scaling
properties, different methods of statistical analysis are used herein : power
spectral density, detrended fluctuation analysis, and multifractal analysis.
This broad set of diagnostic techniques is applied to a typical stratus cloud
base height (CBH) data set; data were obtained from the Southern Great Plains
site of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program of the Department of
Energy from a Belfort Laser Ceilometer. First, we demonstrate that this CBH
time series is a nonstationary signal with stationary increments. Further, two
scaling regimes are found, although the characteristic laws are quite similar
ones. Next, the multi-affine scaling properties are confirmed. The scaling
properties of the cloud base height profile of such a continental stratus are
found to be similar to those of the marine cloud base height profiles studied
by us previously. Some physical interpretation in terms of anomalous diffusion
(or fractional random walk) is given for the continental case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1800 </DOCNO>
Representation of the Short-Range Interactions in Liquid Helium via


  In this paper we propose five different modifications of the hard sphere
potential for the modeling a short-range repulsion and the calculation of
thermodynamic and transport properties of liquid He4. We calculate the
potential energy, the total energy, and the sound velocity at T=0 K. It is
shown that three of the proposed potentials give a satisfactory description of
these properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126154 </DOCNO>
Mass Spectra from Turbulent Fragmentation


  Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form,
and how they contract and grow in mass from the surrounding cloud material.
Molecular cloud regions without turbulent driving sources, or where turbulence
is driven on large scales, exhibit rapid and efficient star formation in a
clustered mode, whereas interstellar turbulence that carries most energy on
small scales results in isolated star formation with low efficiency. The clump
mass spectrum of shock-generated density fluctuations in pure hydrodynamic,
supersonic turbulence is not well fit by a power law, and it is too steep at
the high-mass end to be in agreement with the observational data. When gravity
is included in the turbulence models, local collapse occurs, and the spectrum
extends towards larger masses as clumps merge together, a power-law description
dN/dM ~ M^nu becomes possible with slope nu = -2. In the case of pure
gravitational contraction the clump mass spectrum is shallower with nu = -3/2.
The mass spectrum of protostellar cores in regions without turbulent support
and where turbulence is replenished on large-scales, however, is well described
by a log-normal or by multiple power laws, similar to the stellar IMF at low
and intermediate masses. In the case of small-scale turbulence, the core mass
spectrum is too flat compared to the IMF for all masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5392 </DOCNO>
Calculation of the Condensate Fraction in Liquid Helium-4


  We adduce the results of the condensate fraction calculation for liquid
helium-4. The method is derived from the first principles and involves minimum
assumptions. The only experimental quantity we need in our calculations is the
static structure factor which is easily measurable. We use the approximation in
which expressions contain one summation in the wave vector space (or one
integration it the radius vector space) in order to demonstrate the validity of
our method. The computed values of the condensate fraction lie within $8.8 \div
14%$ depending on the model potential for the short-range interaction. This
result agrees with recent experimental measurements and numerical estimations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86814 </DOCNO>
Testing Scalar-Tensor Gravity Using Space Gravitational-Wave


  We calculate the bounds which could be placed on scalar-tensor theories of
gravity of the Jordan, Fierz, Brans and Dicke type by measurements of
gravitational waveforms from neutron stars (NS) spiralling into massive black
holes (MBH) using LISA, the proposed space laser interferometric observatory.
Such observations may yield significantly more stringent bounds on the
Brans-Dicke coupling parameter \omega than are achievable from solar system or
binary pulsar measurements. For NS-MBH inspirals, dipole gravitational
radiation modifies the inspiral and generates an additional contribution to the
phase evolution of the emitted gravitational waveform. Bounds on \omega can
therefore be found by using the technique of matched filtering. We compute the
Fisher information matrix for a waveform accurate to second post-Newtonian
order, including the effect of dipole radiation, filtered using a currently
modeled noise curve for LISA, and determine the bounds on \omega for several
different NS-MBH canonical systems. For example, observations of a 1.4 solar
mass NS inspiralling to a 1000 solar mass MBH with a signal-to-noise ratio of
10 could yield a bound of \omega > 240,000, substantially greater than the
current experimental bound of \omega > 3000.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6577 </DOCNO>
The Foam Analogy in Charged Colloidal Crystals


  We model charged colloidal suspensions using an analogy with foams. We study
the solid--solid phase transitions of these systems as a function of particle
volume-fraction and ionic strength. The screened Coulomb interaction is
replaced by an interaction between walls of the Voronoi cells around each
particle. We fit the surface charge to reproduce the phase diagram for the
charged suspension studied by Sirota, et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 1524
(1989)]. With this fit parameter we are able to calculate the elastic moduli of
the system and find good agreement with the available data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124269 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements with the Palomar Testbed


  Data from the Palomar Testbed Interferometer, with a baseline length of 110 m
and an observing wavelength of $2.2 \mu{\rm m}$, were used to derive
information on atmospheric turbulence on 64 nights in 1999. The measured
two-aperture variance coherence times at $2.2 \mu{\rm m}$ ranged from 25 msec
to 415 msec (the lower value was set by instrumental limitations---the
interferometer could not operate when the coherence time was lower than this).
On all nights, the spectrum of the short time scale ($<600$ msec) delay
fluctuations had a shallower spectrum than the theoretical Kolmogorov value of
5/3. On most nights, the mean value of the power law slope was between 1.40 and
1.50. Such a sub-Kolmogorov slope will result in the seeing improving as the
$\approx 0.4$ power of wavelength, rather than the slower 0.2 power predicted
by Kolmogorov theory.
  On four nights, the combination of delay and angle tracking measurements
allowed a derivation of the (multiple) wind velocities of the turbulent layers,
for a frozen-flow model. The derived wind velocities were all $\le 4 {\rm m\
s^{-1}}$, except for a small $10 {\rm m s^{-1}}$ component on one night.
  The combination of measured coherence time, turbulence spectral slope, and
wind velocity for the turbulent layer(s) allowed a robust solution for the
outer scale size (beyond which the fluctuations do not increase). On the four
nights with angle tracking data, the outer scale varied from 6 to 54 m, with
most values in the 10-25 m range. Such small outer scale values cause some
components of visibility and astrometric errors to average down rapidly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127295 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear evolution of spherical perturbation in the Universe with


  We generalize the spherical collapse model for the formation of bound objects
to apply in a Universe with cosmological constant and quintessence. We
calculate the critical condition for collapse of an overdense region and give
exact values of the characteristic densities and redshifts of its evolution. We
apply the results to calculate the mass function of bound objects. Comparison
with the data for clusters indicates a preference of models with quintessence
over those with cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125205 </DOCNO>
Collapsar Jets, Bubbles and Fe Lines


  In the collapsar scenario, gamma ray bursts are caused by relativistic jets
expelled along the rotation axis of a collapsing stellar core. We discuss how
the structure and time-dependence of such jets depends on the stellar envelope
and central engine properties, assuming a steady jet injection. It takes a few
seconds for the jet to bore its way through the stellar core; most of the
energy output during that period goes into a cocoon of relativistic plasma
surrounding the jet. This material subsequently forms a bubble of magnetized
plasma that takes several hours to expand, subrelativistically, through the
envelope of a high-mass supergiant. Jet break-through and a conventional burst
would be expected not only in He stars but possibly also in blue supergiants.
Shock waves and magnetic dissipation in the escaping bubble can contribute a
non thermal UV/X-ray afterglow, and also excite Fe line emission from thermal
gas, in addition to the standard jet deceleration power-law afterglow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3426 </DOCNO>
On the choice of the density matrix in the stochastic TMRG


  In applications of the density matrix renormalization group to nonhermitean
problems, the choice of the density matrix is not uniquely prescribed by the
algorithm. We demonstrate that for the recently introduced stochastic transfer
matrix DMRG (stochastic TMRG) the necessity to use open boundary conditions
makes asymmetrical reduced density matrices, as used for renormalization in
quantum TMRG, an inappropriate choice. An explicit construction of the largest
left and right eigenvectors of the full transfer matrix allows us to show why
symmetrical density matrices are the correct physical choice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83549 </DOCNO>
The Guidebook, the Friend, and the Room: Visitor Experience in a


  In this paper, we describe an electronic guidebook prototype and report on a
study of its use in a historic house. Supported by mechanisms in the guidebook,
visitors constructed experiences that had a high degree of interaction with
three entities: the guidebook, their companions, and the house and its
contents. For example, we found that most visitors played audio descriptions
played through speakers (rather than using headphones or reading textual
descriptions) to facilitate communication with their companions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76406 </DOCNO>
Ellipsoidal Black Hole - Black Tori Systems in 4D Gravity


  We construct new classes of exact solutions of the 4D vacuum Einstein
equations which describe ellipsoidal black holes, black tori and combined black
hole -- black tori configurations. The solutions can be static or with
anisotropic polarizations and running constants. They are defined by
off--diagonal metric ansatz which may be diagonalized with respect to
anholonomic moving frames. We examine physical properties of such anholonomic
gravitational configurations and discuss why the anholonomy may remove the
restriction that horizons must be with spherical topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125044 </DOCNO>
On the Formation of Cluster Radio Relics


  (abridged) We present detailed 3-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical
simulations of the passage of a radio plasma cocoon filled with turbulent
magnetic fields through a shock wave. Taking into account synchrotron, inverse
Compton and adiabatic energy losses and gains we evolved the relativistic
electron population to produce synthetic polarisation radio maps. On contact
with the shock wave the radio cocoons are first compressed and finally torn
into filamentary structures, as is observed in several cluster radio relics. In
the synthetic radio maps the electric polarisation vectors are mostly
perpendicular to the filamentary radio structures. If the magnetic field inside
the cocoon is not too strong, the initially spherical radio cocoon is
transformed into a torus after the passage of the shock wave. Very recent,
high-resolution radio maps of cluster radio relics seem to exhibit such
toroidal geometries in some cases. This supports the hypothesis that cluster
radio relics are fossil radio cocoons that have been revived by a shock wave.
For a late-stage relic the ratio of its global diameter to the filament
diameter should correlate with the shock strength. Finally, we argue that the
total radio polarisation of radio relic should be well correlated with the
3-dimensional orientation of the shock wave that produced the relic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129690 </DOCNO>
Bias and Conditional Mass Function of Nonspherical Dark Halos


  Nonspherical collapse is modelled, under the Zeldovich approximation, by
six-dimensional random walks of the initial deformation tensor field. The
collapse boundary adopted here is a slightly-modified version of that proposed
by Chiueh and Lee (2001). Not only the mass function agrees with the fitting
formula of Sheth and Tormen (1999), but the bias function and conditional mass
function constructed by this model are also found to agree reasonably well with
the simulation results of Jing (1998) and Somerville et al. (2000),
respectively. In particular, by introducing a small mass gap, we find a fitting
formula for the conditional mass function, which works well even at small time
intervals between parent and progenitor halos during the merging history.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76802 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group for Soft SUSY Breaking Parameters and MSSM Coupled


  First we give a review of the spurion formalism and the exact renormalization
group equations for soft supersymmetry breaking parameters in general gauge
theories. Next we discuss the minimal supersymmetric standard model coupled to
superconformal theories leading to hierarchical Yukawa couplings by large
anomalous dimensions of quarks and leptons. The soft scalar masses are found to
satisfy the noble sum rule in IR regime. It is possible construct the models
such that the degenerate squark/slepton masses are realized thanks to this IR
sum rule. However, it is found also that this degeneracy is slightly broken
mainly by the radiative corrections of the SM gaugino mass insertion. We show
that the degeneracy is sufficient for the squark sector, but weak for the
slepton sector to avoid the supersymmetric flavor problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168691 </DOCNO>
Quantum Zeno-like effect due to competing decoherence mechanisms


  We propose a selfconsistent quantum mechanical approach to study the dynamics
of a two-level system subject to random time evolution. This randomness gives
rise to competing effects between dissipative and non-dissipative decoherence
with a consequent slow down of the atomic decay rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85854 </DOCNO>
Proposal for experimental verifying of Machian transient mass


  Starting from quoted papers it show that, applying Mach's principle, on
obtains transient mass fluctuation by varying proper energy. It is show why the
experiments performed until now measured a smaller effect than was predicted.
On establish conditions for using gravitational energy by means of transient
mass fluctuations. On suggest a new type of experiment for verify the effect of
transient mass fluctuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75373 </DOCNO>
Yukawa Coupling Unification in SO(10) Supersymmetric Grand Unified


  We report on a preferred region of supersymmetric parameter space by t, b,
tau Yukawa unification. We find a narrow region survives for mu > 0 (suggested
by b --> s gamma and the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon) with A_0 \sim -
2 m_{16}, m_{16} > 1200 GeV, mu, M_{1/2} << m_{16} and tan \beta \sim 50 \pm 2.
Demanding Yukawa unification thus makes definite predictions for Higgs and
sparticle masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96830 </DOCNO>
Automatic convexity


  In many cases the convexity of the image of a linear map with range is $R^n$
is automatic because of the facial structure of the domain of the map. We
develop a four step procedure for proving this kind of ``automatic convexity''.
To make this procedure more efficient, we prove two new theorems that identify
the facial structure of the intersection of a convex set with a subspace in
terms of the facial structure of the original set.
  Let $K$ be a convex set in a real linear space $X$ and let $H$ be a subspace
of X that meets $K$. In Part I we show that the faces of $K\cap H$ have the
form $F\cap H$ for a face $F$ of $K$. Then we extend our intersection theorem
to the case where $X$ is a locally convex linear topological space, $K$ and $H$
are closed, and $H$ has finite codimension in $X$. In Part II we use our
procedure to ``explain'' the convexity of the numerical range (and some of its
generalizations) of a complex matrix. In Part III we use the topological
version of our intersection theorem to prove a version of Lyapunov's theorem
with finitely many linear constraints. We also extend Samet's continuous
lifting theorem to the same constrained siuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76228 </DOCNO>
Bootstrap equations for effective theories and the calculation of the


  A method is described for dealing with effective theories of hadron
scattering. It allows one to reduce the number of independent renormalization
prescriptions in those theories and gives a possibility to make numerical
predictions. As an illustration, we show the results of comparison with the
known data on $\pi\pi$, $\pi K$ and $\pi N$ elastic scattering. This work
presents a generalization and the further development of our results first
discussed at the MENU'99 Symposium

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75881 </DOCNO>
Pair Production and Vacuum Polarization of Vector Particles with


  The matrix, 8-component Dirac-like form of P-odd equations for boson fields
of spins 1 and 0 are obtained and the GL(2,c) symmetry group of equations is
derived. We found exact solutions of the field equation for vector particles
with arbitrary electric and magnetic moments in external constant and uniform
electromagnetic fields. The differential probability of pair production of
vector particles with the EDM and AMM by an external constant and uniform
electromagnetic field has been found using the exact solutions. We have
calculated the imaginary and real parts of the electromagnetic field Lagrangian
that takes into account the vacuum polarization of vector particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4430 </DOCNO>
Crystal Growth and Characterization of Doped CZT Crystals


  Cd1-xZnxTe crystals with x in the range of 0.1-0.2 were grown by the
high-pressure vertical Bridgman method from pre-synthesized CZT. Resistive
graphite heaters were used to control the temperature profiles within the
furnaces, and an argon overpressure was used to reduce the cadmium loss. The
crystals were doped with either Al, Ni, In, Ga, Ge or Sn. The doping was
carried out by three different ways: 1) by adding of the pure metals during
growth runs; 2) by adding of the tellurides of the metals during growth runs;
or 3) by inserting of the metal tellurides during synthesis of the starting CZT
material. Some of the growth process parameters were also varied. The as-grown
CZT ingots had diameters of either 15 or 38 mm. The influence of the doping on
CZT properties, particularly the conductivity type and specific electrical
resistivity, will be discussed. Energy spectra from alpha particles (U-233,
Ra-226, and U-233+Pu-239+Pu-238) and from different gamma sources (Cs-137,
Co-60, Co-57, Am-241) will be reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126750 </DOCNO>
The Centaurus A Northern Middle Lobe as a Buoyant Bubble


  We model the northern middle radio lobe of Centaurus A (NGC 5128) as a
buoyant bubble of plasma deposited by an intermittently active jet. The extent
of the rise of the bubble and its morphology imply that the ratio of its
density to that of the surrounding ISM is less than 10^{-2}, consistent with
our knowledge of extragalactic jets and minimal entrainment into the precursor
radio lobe. Using the morphology of the lobe to date the beginning of its rise
through the atmosphere of Centaurus A, we conclude that the bubble has been
rising for approximately 140Myr. This time scale is consistent with that
proposed by Quillen et al. (1993) for the settling of post-merger gas into the
presently observed large scale disk in NGC 5128, suggesting a strong connection
between the delayed re-establishment of radio emission and the merger of NGC
5128 with a small gas-rich galaxy. This suggests a connection, for radio
galaxies in general, between mergers and the delayed onset of radio emission.
In our model, the elongated X-ray emission region discovered by Feigelson et
al. (1981), part of which coincides with the northern middle lobe, is thermal
gas that originates from the ISM below the bubble and that has been uplifted
and compressed. The "large-scale jet" appearing in the radio images of Morganti
et al. (1999) may be the result of the same pressure gradients that cause the
uplift of the thermal gas, acting on much lighter plasma, or may represent a
jet that did not turn off completely when the northern middle lobe started to
buoyantly rise. We propose that the adjacent emission line knots (the "outer
filaments") and star-forming regions result from the disturbance, in particular
the thermal trunk, caused by the bubble moving through the extended atmosphere
of NGC 5128.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81357 </DOCNO>
O(a) improved Wilson quark action on anisotropic lattice


  The $O(a)$ improved Wilson quark action on the anisotropic lattice is
investigated. We carry out numerical simulations in the quenched approximation
at three values of lattice spacing ($a_{\sigma}^{-1}=1$--2 GeV) with the
anisotropy $\xi=a_{\sigma}/a_{\tau}=4$, where $a_{\sigma}$ and $a_{\tau}$ are
the spatial and the temporal lattice spacings, respectively. Using the
dispersion relation of mesons, the bare anisotropy $\gamma_F$ in the quark
action is numerically tuned below the charm quark mass region with the
statistical accuracy of 1 % level. The systematic uncertainties in the
calibration are examined and found to be under control in the continuum limit.
Then we compute the light hadron masses and find that they are consistent with
the result of the UKQCD Collaboration on the isotropic lattice. The effect of
the uncertainty in the calibration on the hadron spectrum for physical quark
masses is also found to be under control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98478 </DOCNO>
On the Dirac Approach to Constrained Dissipative Dynamics


  In this paper, we propose a novel algebraic and geometric description for the
dissipative dynamics. Our formulation bears some similarity to the Poisson
structure for non-dissipative systems. We develop a canonical description for
constrained dissipative systems through an extension of the Dirac brackets
concept, and we present a new formula for calculating Dirac brackets. This
formula is particularly useful in the description of dynamical systems with
many second-class constraints. After presenting the necessary formal background
we illustrate our method on several examples taken from particle dynamics,
continuum media physics and wave mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76491 </DOCNO>
Cumulative particle production and percolation of strings


  Calculations of the production rate of particles with $x>1$ in nuclear
collisions due to the interaction of colour strings are presented. Momentum and
colour sum rules are used to determine the fragmentation functions of fused
strings. Mechanisms of the string interaction are considered with total and
partial overlapping in the transverse plane. The results reveal strong
dependence of the chosen mechanism. In the percolation scenario with partial
overlapping the $x$-dependence of the production rates agrees well with the
existing data. The magnitude of the rates for $\pi^+$ production is in
agreement with experiment. However the rates for the protons are substantially
below the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125061 </DOCNO>
Flat Spectrum Gamma Ray Burst Afterglows


  Temporal behaviour of GRB afterglow light curve is derived for the case where
the electron energy distribution is relatively flat, with the power-law index p
lying between 1.0 and 2.0. It is shown that the expected behaviour will be the
same as that for p>2.0 if the upper cutoff in the electron energy distribution
evolves in direct proportion to the bulk Lorentz factor of the blast wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113393 </DOCNO>
Resonant-state solution of the Faddeev-Merkuriev integral equations for


  A novel method for calculating resonances in three-body Coulombic systems is
presented. The Faddeev-Merkuriev integral equations are solved by applying the
Coulomb-Sturmian separable expansion method. To show the power of the method we
calculate resonances of the three-$\alpha$ and the $H^-$ systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148294 </DOCNO>
CFT and Entropy on the Brane


  We consider a brane-universe in the background of an Anti-de Sitter/
Schwarschild geometry. We show that the induced geometry of the brane is
exactly given by that of a standard radiation dominated FRW-universe. The
radiation is represented by a strongly coupled CFT with an AdS-dual
description. We show that when the brane crosses the horizon of the AdS-black
hole the entropy and temperature are simply expressed in the Hubble constant
and its time derivative. We present formulas for the entropy of the CFT which
are generally valid, and which at the horizon coincide with the FRW equations.
These results shed new light on recently proposed entropy bounds in the context
of cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83752 </DOCNO>
Transformation-Based Learning in the Fast Lane


  Transformation-based learning has been successfully employed to solve many
natural language processing problems. It achieves state-of-the-art performance
on many natural language processing tasks and does not overtrain easily.
However, it does have a serious drawback: the training time is often
intorelably long, especially on the large corpora which are often used in NLP.
In this paper, we present a novel and realistic method for speeding up the
training time of a transformation-based learner without sacrificing
performance. The paper compares and contrasts the training time needed and
performance achieved by our modified learner with two other systems: a standard
transformation-based learner, and the ICA system \cite{hepple00:tbl}. The
results of these experiments show that our system is able to achieve a
significant improvement in training time while still achieving the same
performance as a standard transformation-based learner. This is a valuable
contribution to systems and algorithms which utilize transformation-based
learning at any part of the execution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73095 </DOCNO>
An obvious isospin breaking correction to epsilon' of kinematical origin


  Isospin breaking correction to the $\Delta I = {1/2}$ decay of $K\to\pi\pi$
generates a large enough contribution to $\epsilon'$ through an induced $\Delta
I = {3/2}$ amplitude in $K_L$ decay. Aside from the $\pi$-$\eta$ and
$\pi$-$\eta'$ mixing contributions, there is a correction of kinematical origin
due to the final-state $\pi^{\pm}$-$\pi^0$ mass difference, which is
unambiguously calculable from the low-energy off-shell behavior of the
$K\to\pi\pi$ amplitude. This correction to $\epsilon'$ reduces the isospin
breaking parameter $\Omega_{IB}$ by 0.06, which is nearly one half of the
$\pi$-$\eta$ mixing effect computed with chiral Lagrangians to $O(p^2)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96667 </DOCNO>
Weyl structures on quaternionic manifolds. A state of the art


  This is a survey on quaternion Hermitian Weyl (locally conformally quaternion
K\"ahler) and hyperhermitian Weyl (locally conformally hyperk\"ahler)
manifolds. These geometries appear by requesting the compatibility of some
quaternion Hermitian or hyperhermitian structure with a Weyl structure. The
motivation for such a study is two-fold: it comes from the constantly growing
interest in Weyl (and Einstein-Weyl) geometry and, on the other hand, from the
necessity of understanding the existing classes of quaternion Hermitian
manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128047 </DOCNO>
The Ca II Triplet as an Abundance Indicator


  How can we accurately determine the metallicity of faint red giant stars in
nearby galaxies? The equivalent widths of the broad absorption lines from Ca II
at 8498, 8542, and 8662 Angstrom (the calcium triplet) have shown a smooth
relationship to metallicity, [Fe/H], in Galactic globular clusters, i.e., old,
metal-poor stars. The exact relationship depends on the [Fe/H] scale assumed.
The sensitivity of the sum of the equivalent widths, sum{W_{Ca II}}, to [Fe/H]
has been well studied for metal-poor stars, but theory and observations show
that sum{W_{Ca II}} will become less sensitive to [Fe/H] for young or
metal-rich stars, but this needs to be calibrated. Built into the present
calibration of sum{W_{Ca II}} to [Fe/H] is also a dependence on the Galactic
[Ca/Fe] to [Fe/H] relationship, which is a function of the Galaxy's star
formation history and chemical evolution. Our goal is to remove uncertainties
in the [Fe/H] scale used in previous calibrations and remove the dependence on
galactic evolution. We are obtaining high dispersion spectra to
self-consistently calibrate the calcium triplet to give [Ca/H] abundances, and
extend the current calibration to near-solar metallicities and to ages as young
as 2 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86926 </DOCNO>
Finitary Cech-de Rham Cohomology: much ado without smoothness


  The present paper is a continuation of our work on curved finitary spacetime
sheaves of incidence algebras and treats the latter along Cech cohomological
lines. In particular, we entertain the possibility of constructing a
non-trivial de Rham complex on these finite dimensional algebra sheaves along
the lines of the first author's axiomatic approach to differential geometry via
the theory of vector and algebra sheaves. The upshot of this study is that
important `classical' differential geometric constructions and results usually
thought of as being intimately associated with smooth manifolds carry through,
virtually unaltered, to the finitary-algebraic regime with the help of some
quite universal, because abstract, ideas taken mainly from sheaf-cohomology as
developed in the first author's Abstract Differential Geometry theory. At the
end of the paper, and due to the fact that the incidence algebras involved have
been previously interpreted as quantum causal sets, we discuss how these ideas
may be used in certain aspects of current research on discrete Lorentzian
quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74949 </DOCNO>
The Chiral Critical Point in 3-Flavour QCD


  We determine the second order endpoint of the line of first order phase
transitions, which occur in the light quark mass regime of 3-flavour QCD at
finite temperature, and analyze universal properties of this chiral critical
point. A detailed analysis of Binder cumulants and the joint probability
distributions of energy like and ordering-field like observables confirms that
the chiral critical point belongs to the universality class of the three
dimensional Ising model. From a calculation with improved gauge and staggered
fermion actions we estimate that the transition is first order for
pseudo-scalar meson masses less than about 200 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6920 </DOCNO>
Role of bulk and surface phonons in the decay of metal surface states


  We present a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the electron-phonon
contribution to the lifetime broadening of the surface states on Cu(111) and
Ag(111), in comparison with high-resolution photoemission results. The
calculations, including electron and phonon states of the bulk and the surface,
resolve the relative importance of the Rayleigh mode, being dominant for the
lifetime at small hole binding energies. Including the electron-electron
interaction, the theoretical results are in excellent agreement with the
measured binding energy and temperature dependent lifetime broadening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 267 </DOCNO>
Electron-boson effects in the infrared properties of metals


  The interpretation of optical conductivity in the normal and superconducting
states is considered in the frame of the standard Isotropic Single wide Band
(ISB) model using the theory proposed by Nam. The exact analytical inversion of
the normal state Nam equations is performed and applied for the recovery of the
reliable information from the experimental data. The Allen formula is derived
in the strong coupling approximation and the phenomenological "generalised"
Drude formula in a high temperature approximation. It is shown, that the
reconstruction of the shape of the spectral function from the normal state
optical data at T>Tc is not unique. A novel adaptive method of the exact
numerical inversion of the superconducting state equations is presented. It is
shown that, the fine structure of the spectral function can be recovered from
optical data in the case of s-wave pairing symmetry. In contrast, in the d-wave
case the resulting image is approximately the convolution of the input
electron-boson interaction function and the wide Gauss distribution function. A
simplified visual accessibility procedure is proposed for ''by eye`` analyses
of the optical reflectivity of the ISB metals with s- and d- pairing symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5594 </DOCNO>
Transport properties of c-oriented MgB2 thin films grown by Pulsed Laser


  The electronic anisotropy in MgB2, which arises from its layered crystal
structure is not completely clear until now. High quality c-oriented films
offer the opportunity of studying such property. MgB2 thin films were deposited
by using two methods both based on room temperature precursor deposition (by
Pulsed Laser Ablation) and ex-situ annealing in Mg atmosphere. The two methods
differ for the starting targets: stoichiometric MgB2 in one case and Boron in
the other. The two films presented in this paper are grown by means of the two
techniques on MgO substrates and are both c-oriented; they present TC values of
31.5 and 37.4 K respectively. Upper critical field measurements, up to 9T, with
the magnetic field in perpendicular and parallel directions in respect to the
film surface evidenced anisotropy ratios of 1.8 and 1.4 respectively. In this
paper we will discuss this remarkable and surprising difference also in
comparison with the literature data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123704 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Settling of 22Ne in Liquid White Dwarf Interiors


  The nuclear reactions that occur in the stellar progenitors of white dwarfs
(WDs) lead to an internal composition of 12C, 16O, and a ``contaminant''
nucleus, 22Ne. The 22Ne is produced by helium captures on 14N left from
hydrogen burning via the CNO cycle. By virtue of its two excess neutrons
(relative to the predominant A=2Z nuclei), a downward force of 2m_pg is exerted
on 22Ne in the WD interior. This biases its diffusive equilibrium, forcing 22Ne
to settle towards the center of the WD. We discuss the physics of the
gravitational settling when the WD is in the liquid state and the luminosity
generated by it. This modifies the cooling of WD's with masses in excess of a
solar mass. The current uncertainties in the microphysics even allow for
solutions where a 1.2M_\odot WD remains mostly liquid for a few Gyrs due to the
internal heating from 22Ne sedimentation. This highlights the need for an
accurate calculation of the inter-diffusion coefficient, especially in the
quantum liquid regime relevant for high mass WD's. There is also time in old,
liquid WD's (such as those found in cataclysmic variables and possibly in
accreting Type Ia progenitors) for partial settling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128391 </DOCNO>
The Distance to Clusters: Correcting for Asphericity


  X-ray and Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect observations can be combined to measure
the distance to clusters of galaxies. If the intracluster gas distribution is
not spherical, but elongated by a factor of Z along the line of sight, the
inferred distance is increased by Z, and H0 is decreased by the same factor.
Averaging the inferred value of H0 over a sufficiently large sample of clusters
can reduce any systematic bias due to cluster shapes, provided the clusters are
selected without any preferred orientation. Even so, elongation contributes
significantly to the variance in the measured distances and in the inferred
value of H0.
  With the addition of gravitational lensing observations, it is possible to
infer the three-dimensional shape of clusters, provided the gas is in
hydrostatic equilibrium. We demonstrate a specific method for finding the shape
and correcting the measured distances to individual clusters. To test this
method, we apply it to artificial observations of simple model clusters. We
recover the true distances to each of our clusters without detectable bias, and
with statistical errors due to measurement uncertainties of 4 to 6%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86640 </DOCNO>
Physical aspects of naked singularity explosion - How does a naked


  The behaviors of quantum stress tensor for the scalar field on the classical
background of spherical dust collapse is studied. In the previous works
diverging flux of quantum radiation was predicted. We use the exact expressions
in a 2D model formulated by Barve et al. Our present results show that the back
reaction does not become important during the semiclassical phase. The
appearance of the naked singularity would not be affected by this quantum field
radiation. To predict whether the naked singularity explosion occurs or not we
need the theory of quantum gravity. We depict the generation of the diverging
flux inside the collapsing star. The quantum energy is gathered around the
center positively. This would be converted to the diverging flux along the
Cauchy horizon. The ingoing negative flux crosses the Cauchy horizon. The
intensity of it is divergent only at the central naked singularity. This
diverging negative ingoing flux is balanced with the outgoing positive
diverging flux which propagates along the Cauchy horizon. After the replacement
of the naked singularity to the practical high density region the instantaneous
diverging radiation would change to more milder one with finite duration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129246 </DOCNO>
The Cut & Enhance method : selecting clusters of galaxies from the SDSS


  We describe an automated method, the Cut & Enhance method (CE) for detecting
clusters of galaxies in multi-color optical imaging surveys. This method uses
simple color cuts, combined with a density enhancement algorithm, to up-weight
pairs of galaxies that are close in both angular separation and color. The
method is semi-parametric since it uses minimal assumptions about cluster
properties in order to minimize possible biases. No assumptions are made about
the shape of clusters, their radial profile or their luminosity function. The
method is successful in finding systems ranging from poor to rich clusters of
galaxies, of both regular and irregular shape. We determine the selection
function of the CE method via extensive Monte Carlo simulations which use both
the real, observed background of galaxies and a randomized background of
galaxies. We use position shuffled and color shuffled data to perform the false
positive test. We have also visually checked all the clusters detected by the
CE method. We apply the CE method to the 350 deg^2 of the SDSS (Sloan Digital
Sky Survey) commissioning data and construct a SDSS CE galaxy cluster catalog
with an estimated redshift and richness for each cluster. The CE method is
compared with other cluster selection methods used on SDSS data such as the
Matched Filter (Postman et al. 1996, Kim et al. 2001), maxBCG technique (Annis
et al. 2001) and Voronoi Tessellation (Kim et al. 2001). The CE method can be
adopted for cluster selection in any multi-color imaging surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41784 </DOCNO>
Goldstone Boson's Valence-Quark Distribution


  Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) is one of the keystones of
low-energy hadronic phenomena. Dyson-Schwinger equations provide a
model-independent quark-level understanding and correlate that with the
behaviour of the pion's Bethe-Salpeter amplitude. This amplitude is a core
element in the calculation of pion observables and combined with the
dressed-quark Schwinger function required by DCSB it yields a valence-quark
distribution function for the pion that behaves as (1-x)^2 for x~1, in
accordance with perturbative analyses. This behaviour can be verified at
contemporary experimental facilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97134 </DOCNO>
On The Generalized Cyclic Eilenberg-Zilber Theorem


  We use the homological perturbation lemma to give an explicit proof of the
cyclic Eilenberg-Zilber theorem for cylindrical modules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150108 </DOCNO>
A 2D integrable axion model and Target space duality


  A review is given on the recently proposed two dimensional axion model (O(3)
sigma-model with a dynamical Hopf-term) and the T-duality relating it to the
SU(2)xU(1) symmetric anisotropic sigma-model. Strong evidence is presented for
the correctness of the proposed S-matrix for both models comparing perturbative
and Thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz calculations for different types of free
energies. This also provides a very stringent test of the validity of T-duality
transformation at the quantum level. The quantum non-integrability of the O(3)
sigma-model with a non-dynamical Hopf-term, in contradistinction to the axion
model, is illustrated by calculating the 2-->3 particle production amplitude to
lowest order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4094 </DOCNO>
Magneto-polarisability of mesoscopic systems


  In order to understand how screening is modified by electronic interferences
in a mesoscopic isolated system, we have computed both analytically and
numerically the average thermodynamic and time dependent polarisabilities of
two dimensional mesoscopic samples in the presence of an Aharonov-Bohm flux.
Two geometries have been considered: rings and squares. Mesoscopic correction
to screening are taken into account in a self consistent way, using the
response function formalism. The role of the statistical ensemble (canonical
and grand canonical), disorder and frequency have been investigated. We have
also computed first order corrections to the polarisability due to
electron-electron interactions. Our main results concern the diffusive regime.
In the canonical ensemble, there is no flux dependence polarisability when the
frequency is smaller than the level spacing. On the other hand, in the grand
canonical ensemble for frequencies larger than the mean broadening of the
energy levels (but still small compared to the level spacing), the
polarisability oscillates with flux, with the periodicity $h/2e$. The order of
magnitude of the effect is given by $\delta \alpha/\alpha \propto
(\lambda_s/Wg)$, where $\lambda$ is the Thomas Fermi screening length, $W$ the
width of the rings or the size of the squares and $g$ their average
dimensionless conductance. This magnetopolarisability of Aharonov-Bohm rings
has been recently measured experimentally \cite{PRL_deblock00} and is in good
agreement with our grand canonical result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125178 </DOCNO>
A ballistic bow shock model for jet-driven protostellar outflow shells


  We analyze the dynamics of the shell produced when a bow shock from a
collimated jet propagates into the surrounding medium. Under interstellar
conditions, the shock is radiative, and a ballistic approximation for the shell
flow is appropriate beyond the working surface where the jet impacts its
surroundings. The solution is then determined by the ambient and jet densities
and velocities and by the momentum impulse applied in the working surface.
Using estimates for these impulses (confirmed by separate numerical
simulations), we obtain solutions for the shell structure, and for the range of
velocities in the shell at any point. We provide predictions for the
position-velocity and mass-velocity relations expected for plane-of-sky
bow-shock shells, and for the bulk shell properties. In a companion paper, we
show that these analytic solutions are in excellent agreement with the results
of direct numerical simulations. We argue that classical molecular (CO)
outflows cannot be purely jet-driven, because the bow-shock shell solutions are
much too elongated compared with observations. Finally, we suggest that the
``spur'' structures seen in position-velocity diagrams of observed molecular
outflows are the manifestation of internal bow shocks which may be fit with our
simple dynamical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149754 </DOCNO>
Heterotic, Open and Unoriented String Theories from Topological Membrane


  In this work are consider several topics in the Topological Membrane (TM)
approach to string theory. The string dynamics is generated from the bulk
physics, namely from the 3D Topologically Massive Gauge Theory (TMGT) and
Topologically Massive Gravity (TMG). Both (equivalent) path integral and
canonical methods of quantizing TMGT are studied. It is shown that Narain
constraints on toroidal compactification (integer, even, self-dual momentum
lattice) have a natural interpretation in purely three dimensional terms. The
Heterotic string and the block structure of c=1 RCFT are derived from the point
of view of three dimensional field theory. Open and unoriented strings in
TM(GT) theory are also studied through orbifolds of the bulk 3D space. This is
achieved by gauging discrete symmetries of the theory. Open and unoriented
strings can be obtained from all possible realizations of C, P and T
symmetries. The important role of C symmetry to distinguish between Dirichlet
and Neumann boundary conditions is discussed in detail. Future directions of
research in this field are also suggested and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124231 </DOCNO>
Multi-Epoch VLBA Observations of EGRET-Detected Quasars and BL Lac


  We examine the coincidence of times of high $\gamma$-ray flux and ejections
of superluminal components from the core in EGRET blazars based on a VLBA
monitoring program at 22 and 43 GHz from November 1993 to July 1997. In 23
cases of $\gamma$-ray flares for which sufficient VLBA data exist, 10 of the
flares (in 8 objects) fall within 1$\sigma$ uncertainties of the extrapolated
epoch of zero separation from the core of a superluminal radio component. In
each of two sources (0528+134 and 1730-130) two successive $\gamma$-ray flares
were followed by the appearance of new superluminal components. We carried out
statistical simulations which show that if the number of coincidences $\ge$ 10
the radio and $\gamma$-ray events are associated with each other at >99.999%
confidence. Our analysis of the observed behavior, including variability of the
polarized radio flux, of the sources before, during, and after the $\gamma$-ray
flares suggests that the $\gamma$-ray events occur in the superluminal radio
knots. This implies that the $\gamma$-ray flares are caused by inverse Compton
scattering by relativistic electrons in the parsec-scale regions of the jet
rather than closer to the central engine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 410 </DOCNO>
Lattice-Boltzmann simulations of self-assembly of a binary amphiphilic


  We report the first results of our three-dimensional, mesoscopic, amphiphilic
lattice-Boltzmann model, which has been used to simulate the dynamics of
self-assembly of ordered cubic and lamellar phases in binary water-surfactant
systems. Our results provide insight into the mechanism of ordering of such
mesophases in terms of various molecular forces acting between water and
surfactant molecules and the mechanism driving the transition from the lamellar
to the cubic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7449 </DOCNO>
Magnon delocalization in ferromagnetic chains with long-range correlated


  We study one-magnon excitations in a random ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain
with long-range correlations in the coupling constant distribution. By
employing an exact diagonalization procedure, we compute the localization
length of all one-magnon states within the band of allowed energies $E$. The
random distribution of coupling constants was assumed to have a power spectrum
decaying as $S(k)\propto 1/k^{\alpha}$. We found that for $\alpha < 1$,
one-magnon excitations remain exponentially localized with the localization
length $\xi$ diverging as 1/E. For $\alpha = 1$ a faster divergence of $\xi$ is
obtained. For any $\alpha > 1$, a phase of delocalized magnons emerges at the
bottom of the band. We characterize the scaling behavior of the localization
length on all regimes and relate it with the scaling properties of the
long-range correlated exchange coupling distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124727 </DOCNO>
X-ray luminosities of galaxies in groups


  We have derived the X-ray luminosities of a sample of galaxies in groups,
making careful allowance for contaminating intragroup emission. The L_X:L_B and
L_X:L_{FIR} relations of spiral galaxies in groups appear to be
indistinguishable from those in other environments, however the elliptical
galaxies fall into two distinct classes. The first class is central-dominant
group galaxies which are very X-ray luminous, and may be the focus of group
cooling flows. All other early-type galaxies in groups belong to the second
class, which populates an almost constant band of L_X/L_B over the range 9.8 <
log L_B < 11.3. The X-ray emission from these galaxies can be explained by a
superposition of discrete galactic X-ray sources together with a contribution
from hot gas lost by stars, which varies a great deal from galaxy to galaxy. In
the region where the optical luminosity of the non-central group galaxies
overlaps with the dominant galaxies, the dominant galaxies are over an order of
magnitude more luminous in X-rays.
  We also compared these group galaxies with a sample of isolated early-type
galaxies, and used previously published work to derive L_X:L_B relations as a
function of environment. The non-dominant group galaxies have mean L_X/L_B
ratios very similar to that of isolated galaxies, and we see no significant
correlation between L_X/L_B and environment. We suggest that previous findings
of a steep L_X:L_B relation for early-type galaxies result largely from the
inclusion of group-dominant galaxies in samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124448 </DOCNO>
Applications of Microlensing to Stellar Astrophysics


  Over the past decade, microlensing has developed into a powerful tool to
study stellar astrophysics, especially stellar atmospheres, stellar masses, and
binarity. I review this progress. Stellar atmospheres can be probed whenever
the source in a microlensing event passes over the caustic (contour of infinite
magnification) induced by the lens because the caustic effectively resolves the
source. Broad-band observations of four events have yielded limb-darkening
measurements, which in essence map the atmospheric temperature as a function of
depth. And now, for the first time, spectroscopic observations of one event
promise much richer diagnostics of the source atmosphere. In the past two
years, a practical method has finally been developed to systematically measure
the lens masses in microlensing events. This will permit a census of all
massive objects, both dark and luminous, in the Galactic bulge, including
low-mass stars, brown dwarfs, white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes. The
method combines traditional ground-based photometry with astrometric and
photometric measurements by the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) in solar
orbit. Using a related technique SIM can also obtain accurate (>~ 1%) mass
measurement of a dozen or so nearby stars, thus enabling precision tests of
stellar models. Binary lenses can give rise to dramatic and easily detectable
microlensing signatures, even for large mass ratios. This makes microlensing a
potentially powerful probe of the companion mass distribution, especially in
the Galactic bulge where this function is difficult to probe by other
techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1064 </DOCNO>
Scattering phase shifts in quasi-one-dimension


  Scattering of an electron in quasi-one dimensional quantum wires have many
unusual features, not found in one, two or three dimensions. In this work we
analyze the scattering phase shifts due to an impurity in a multi-channel
quantum wire with special emphasis on negative slopes in the scattering phase
shift versus incident energy curves and the Wigner delay time. Although at
first sight, the large number of scattering matrix elements show phase shifts
of different character and nature, it is possible to see some pattern and
understand these features. The behavior of scattering phase shifts in
one-dimension can be seen as a special case of these features observed in
quasi-one-dimensions. The negative slopes can occur at any arbitrary energy and
Friedel sum rule is completely violated in quasi-one-dimension at any arbitrary
energy and any arbitrary regime. This is in contrast to one, two or three
dimensions where such negative slopes and violation of Friedel sum rule happen
only at low energy where the incident electron feels the potential very
strongly (i.e., there is a very well defined regime, the WKB regime, where FSR
works very well). There are some novel behavior of scattering phase shifts at
the critical energies where $S$-matrix changes dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86686 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariant metric perturbations during reheating


  The possible amplification of gauge invariant metric fluctuations in the
infrared sector are very important during reheating stage of inflation. In this
stage the inflaton oscillates arount the minimum of the scalar potential. The
evolution for super Hubble scales gauge invariant metric fluctuations can be
studied by means of the Bardeen parameter. For a massive scalar field with a
quadratic potential for a nonzero cosmological constant. I find that (in the
reheating regime and for super Hubble scales), the Sasaki-Mukhanov parameter
oscillates with amplitude constant such that there is no amplification of $Q$
during reheating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168873 </DOCNO>
Perturbation theory for quantum-mechanical observables


  The quantum-mechanical state vector is not directly observable even though it
is the fundamental variable that appears in Schrodinger's equation. In
conventional time-dependent perturbation theory, the state vector must be
calculated before the experimentally-observable expectation values of relevant
operators can be computed. We discuss an alternative form of time-dependent
perturbation theory in which the observable expectation values are calculated
directly and expressed in the form of nested commutators. This result is
consistent with the fact that the commutation relations determine the
properties of a quantum system, while the commutators often have a form that
simplifies the calculation and avoids canceling terms. The usefulness of this
method is illustrated using several problems of interest in quantum optics and
quantum information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96249 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative Simplicial Complexes and the Baum-Connes Conjecture


  We associate a non-commutative $C^*$-algebra with any locally finite
simplicial complex. We determine the $K$-theory of these algebras and show that
they can be used to obtain a conceptual explanation for the Baum-Connes
conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86422 </DOCNO>
Perturbation Theory Calculation of the Black Hole Elastic Scattering


  The differential cross section for scattering of a Dirac particle in a black
hole background is found. The result is the gravitational analog of the Mott
formula for scattering in a Coulomb background. The equivalence principle is
neatly embodied in the cross section, which depends only on the incident
velocity, and not the particle mass. The low angle limit agrees with classical
calculations based on the geodesic equation. The calculation employs a
well-defined iterative scheme which can be extended to higher orders. Repeating
the calculation in different gauges shows that our result for the cross section
is gauge-invariant and highlights the issues involved in setting up a sensible
iterative scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97863 </DOCNO>
Rigged Hilbert Space Treatment of Continuous Spectrum


  The ability of the Rigged Hilbert Space formalism to deal with continuous
spectrum is demonstrated within the example of the square barrier potential.
The non-square integrable solutions of the time-independent Schrodinger
equation are used to define Dirac kets, which are (generalized) eigenvectors of
the Hamiltonian. These Dirac kets are antilinear functionals over the space of
physical wave functions. They are also basis vectors that expand any physical
wave function in a Dirac basis vector expansion. It is shown that an acceptable
physical wave function must fulfill stronger conditions than just square
integrability--the space of physical wave functions is not the whole Hilbert
space but rather a dense subspace of the Hilbert space. We construct the
position and energy representations of the Rigged Hilbert Space generated by
the square barrier potential Hamiltonian. We shall also construct the unitary
operator that transforms from the position into the energy representation. We
shall see that in the energy representation the Dirac kets act as the
antilinear Schwartz delta functional. In constructing the Rigged Hilbert Space
of the square barrier potential, we will find a systematic procedure to
construct the Rigged Hilbert Space of a large class of spherically symmetric
potentials. The example of the square barrier potential will also make apparent
that the natural framework for the solutions of a Schrodinger operator with
continuous spectrum is the Rigged Hilbert Space rather than just the Hilbert
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 698 </DOCNO>
Nature of bonding and electronic structure in MgB2, a boron


  Chemical bonding and electronic structure of MgB2, a boron-based newly
discovered superconductor, is studied using self-consistent band structure
techniques. Analysis of the transformation of the band structure for the
hypothetical series of graphite - primitive graphite - primitive graphite-like
boron - intercalated boron, shows that the band structure of MgB2 is
graphite-like, with pi-bands falling deeper than in ordinary graphite. These
bands possess a typically delocalized and metallic, as opposed to covalent,
character. The in-plane sigma-bands retain their 2D covalent character, but
exhibit a metallic hole-type conductivity. The coexistence of 2D covalent
in-plane and 3D metallic-type interlayer conducting bands is a peculiar feature
of MgB2. We analyze the 2D and 3D features of the band structure of MgB2 and
related compounds, and their contributions to conductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128886 </DOCNO>
Chandra Grating Observations of Seyfert 1 Galaxies


  We present new results from a Chandra HETG observation of NGC 5548 and give a
comparison of absorption and emission features found in other Seyfert 1
galaxies using Chandra grating observations. Deep soft X-ray edges are seen in
Mkn 509 and NGC 3783, consistent with ASCA data. In NGC 5548 and NGC 4501 the
edges are weak but consistent with the low column densities. We show that the
detection of a narrow, probably non-disk, component of the iron line is very
common. However, just as importantly, it is not detected in some cases. We show
the effect of removing this narrow component from the ASCA Fe-K line profile in
NGC 4151, revealing the underlying true shape of the relativistic Fe-K line
component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72603 </DOCNO>
Study of e+e- -> H+H- at a 800 GeV Linear Collider


  The production and decay of heavy charged Higgs bosons at a 800 GeV e+e-
linear collider have been studied. The analysis of the H+H- -> tb tb, expected
to be dominant in the MSSM, and H+H- -> W+h0 W-h0 decay modes leading to the
same final state consisting of two W bosons and four b quarks, provides with a
determination of the boson mass to 1 GeV and of the production cross section
with 10% accuracy for 500 fb-1 of data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125816 </DOCNO>
The visible environment of galaxies with counterrotation


  In this paper we present a statistical study of the environments of 49
galaxies in which there is gas- or stellar- counterrotation. The number of
possible companions in the field (to apparent magnitude 22), their size and
concentration were considered. All the statistical parameters were analysed by
means of Kolgomorov-Smirnov tests, using a control sample of 43 galaxies
without counterrotation. From our data, no significant differences between the
counter-rotating and control samples appear. This is different to Seyfert or
radio-loud galaxies which lie in environments with a higher density of
companions. On the contrary, if a weak tendency exists, for galaxies with gas
counterrotation only, it is discovered in regions of space where the large
scale density of galaxies is smaller. Our results tend to disprove the
hypothesis that counterrotation and polar rings derive from a recent
interaction with a small satellite or a galaxy of similar size. To a first
approximation, they seem to follow the idea that all galaxies are born through
a merger process of smaller objects occurring very early in their life, or that
they derive from a continuous, non-traumatic infall of gas that formed stars
later. Whatever the special machinery is which produces counterrotation or
polar rings instead of a co-planar, co-rotating distribution of gas and stars,
it seems not to be connected to the present galaxy density of their
environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74210 </DOCNO>
Density Dependence of Nucleon Bag Constant, Radius and Mass in an


  With the global color symmetry model (GCM) being extended to finite chemical
potential, the density dependence of the bag constant, the total energy and the
radius of a nucleon, as well as the quark condensate in nuclear matter are
investigated. A maximal nuclear matter density for the existence of the bag
with three quarks confined within is obtained. The calculated results indicate
that, before the maximal density is reached, the bag constant, the total energy
of a nucleon and the quark condensate decrease gradually, and the radius of a
nucleon increases, with the increasing of the nuclear matter density.
Nevertheless no sudden change emerges. As the maximal nuclear matter density is
reached, a phase transition from nucleons to quarks takes place and the chiral
symmetry is restored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179676 </DOCNO>
The effect on the hadron propagators due to $k_\mu k_\nu $ terms in the


  In an approximation where the baryon current conservation is violated, the
contribution of the $k_\mu k_\nu$ terms in the vector meson propagator may not
vanish. Their effects on the baryon and meson spectral functions and on the
consequences of self-consistency are studied in the relativistic
self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation by means of the $\sigma -\omega$ as
well as the $\pi -\omega$ model. Two cases where the $k_\mu k_\nu$ terms are
and are not neglected are compared. It is found that there is a marked change
in the baryon spectral function which becomes more peaked in the latter case.
Such a change remains even by a proper readjustment of parameters. The effects
of self-consistency in the $\sigma -\omega$ model are qualitatively the same in
both cases, though quantitatively there is some significant difference.
However, in the $\pi -\omega$ model the effects of self -consistency suffer a
great change. The self-consistent requirement is necessary, if the $k_\mu
k_\nu$ terms are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83775 </DOCNO>
Abstract versus Concrete Computation on Metric Partial Algebras


  A model of computation is abstract if, when applied to any algebra, the
resulting programs for computable functions and sets on that algebra are
invariant under isomorphisms, and hence do not depend on a representation for
the algebra. Otherwise it is concrete. Intuitively, concrete models depend on
the implementation of the algebra.
  The difference is particularly striking in the case of topological partial
algebras, and notably in algebras over the reals. We investigate the
relationship between abstract and concrete models of partial metric algebras.
In the course of this investigation, interesting aspects of continuity,
extensionality and non-determinism are uncovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179263 </DOCNO>
Low Energy Proton-Deuteron Scattering in Configuration Space


  A new method for solving the configuration-space Faddeev equations for
elastic p-d scattering below the deuteron-breakup threshold is described.
Numerical solutions that demonstrate the convergence and accuracy of the method
are given. The number of channels and the value of the matching radius required
to obtain an accurate solution are also investigated. These calculations
demonstrate that this method can efficiently solve the large matrix equations
required for the three-body scattering problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127913 </DOCNO>
A New Class of High-Mass X-ray Binaries: Implications for Core Collapse


  We investigate an interesting new class of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs)
with long orbital periods (P_orb > 30 days) and low eccentricities (e <~ 0.2).
The orbital parameters suggest that the neutron stars in these systems did not
receive a large impulse, or ``kick,'' at the time of formation. We develop a
self-consistent phenomenological picture wherein the neutron stars born in the
observed wide HMXBs receive only a small kick (<~ 50 km/s), while neutron stars
born in isolation, in the majority of low-mass X-ray binaries, or in many of
the well-known HMXBs with P_orb <~ 30 days receive the conventional large
kicks, with a mean speed of ~ 300 km/s. We propose that the magnitude of the
natal kick to a neutron star born in a binary system depends on the rotation
rate of the pre-collapse core. We further suggest that the rotation rate of the
core is a strong, well-defined function of the evolutionary path of the
progenitor star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179140 </DOCNO>
The Kohn Variational Principle for Elastic Proton--Deuteron Scattering


  The Kohn variational principle is formulated for calculating elastic
proton-deuteron scattering amplitudes at energies above the deuteron breakup
threshold. The use of such a principle with an expansion of the wave function
on the (correlated) hyperspherical harmonic basis is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114069 </DOCNO>
Room temperature accelerator structures for linear colliders


  Early tests of short low group velocity and standing wave structures
indicated the viability of operating X-band linacs with accelerating gradients
in excess of 100 MeV/m. Conventional scaling of traveling wave traveling wave
linacs with frequency scales the cell dimensions with l. Because Q scales as
l1/2, the length of the structures scale not linearly but as l3/2 in order to
preserve the attenuation through each structure. For NLC we chose not to follow
this scaling from the SLAC S-band linac to its fourth harmonic at X-band. We
wanted to increase the length of the structures to reduce the number of
couplers and waveguide drives which can be a significant part of the cost of a
microwave linac. Furthermore, scaling the iris size of the disk-loaded
structures gave unacceptably high short range dipole wakefields. Consequently,
we chose to go up a factor of about 5 in average group velocity and length of
the structures, which increases the power fed to each structure by the same
factor and decreases the short range dipole wakes by a similar factor.
Unfortunately, these longer (1.8 m) structures have not performed nearly as
well in high gradient tests as the short structures. We believe we have at
least a partial understanding of the reason and will discuss it below. We are
now studying two types of short structures with large apertures with moderately
good efficiency including: 1) traveling wave structures with the group velocity
lowered by going to large phase advance per period with bulges on the iris, 2)
pi mode standing wave structures

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124386 </DOCNO>
F stars, metallicity, and the ages of red galaxies at z > 1


  We explore whether the rest-frame near-UV spectral region, observable in
high-redshift galaxies via optical spectroscopy, contains sufficient
information to allow the degeneracy between age and metallicity to be lifted.
We do this by testing the ability of evolutionary synthesis models to reclaim
the correct metallicity when fitted to the near-UV spectra of F stars of known
(sub-solar and super-solar) metallicity. F stars are of particular interest
because the rest-frame near-UV spectra of the oldest known elliptical galaxies
at z > 1 appear to be dominated by F stars near to the main-sequence turnoff.
  We find that, in the case of the F stars, where the HST ultraviolet spectra
have high signal:noise, model-fitting with metallicity allowed to vary as a
free parameter is rather successful at deriving the correct metallicity. As a
result, the estimated turnoff ages of these stars yielded by the model fitting
are well constrained. Encouraged by this we have fitted these same variable-
metallicity models to the deep, optical spectra of the z \simeq 1.5 mJy radio
galaxies 53W091 and 53W069 obtained with the Keck telescope. While the
age-metallicity degeneracy is not so easily lifted for these galaxies, we find
that even when metallicity is allowed as a free parameter, the best estimates
of their ages are still \geq 3 Gyr, with ages younger than 2 Gyr now strongly
excluded. Furthermore, we find that a search of the entire parameter space of
metallicity and star formation history using MOPED (Heavens et al., 2000) leads
to the same conclusion. Our results therefore continue to argue strongly
against an Einstein-de Sitter universe, and favour a lambda-dominated universe
in which star formation in at least these particular elliptical galaxies was
completed somewhere in the redshift range z = 3 - 5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2662 </DOCNO>
Half-metallic antiferromagnets in thiospinels


  We have theoretically designed the half-metallic (HM) antiferromagnets (AFMs)
in thiospinel systems, $\rm Mn(CrV)S_{4}$ and $\rm
Fe_{0.5}Cu_{0.5}(V_{0.5}Ti_{1.5})S_{4}$, based on the electronic structure
studies in the local-spin-density approximation (LSDA). We have also explored
electronic and magnetic properties of parent spinel compounds of the above
systems; $\rm CuV_{2}S_{4}$ and $\rm CuTi_{2}S_{4}$ are found to be HM
ferromagnets in their cubic spinel structures, while $\rm MnCr_{2}S_{4}$ is a
ferrimagnetic insulator. We have discussed the feasibility of material
synthesis of HM-AFM thiospinel systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77154 </DOCNO>
Gauge Symmmetry and Supersymmetry Breaking by Discrete Symmetry


  We study the principles of the gauge symmetry and supersymmetry breaking due
to the local or global discrete symmetries on the extra space manifold. We show
that the gauge symmetry breaking by Wilson line is the special case of the
discrete symmetry approach where all the discrete symmetries are global and act
freely on the extra space manifold. As applications, we discuss the N=2
supersymmetric SO(10) and $E_8$ breaking on the space-time $M^4\times A^2$ and
$M^4\times D^2$, and point out that similarly one can study any N=2
supersymmetric $SO(M)$ breaking. We also comment on the one-loop effective
potential, the possible questions and generalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125309 </DOCNO>
The Extended R CrA Young Association


  Observing ROSAT sources in an area covering ~30% of the Southern Hemisphere,
including the R CrA Association, we found evidences that this nearby
association may be much larger than previously thought. Although in the survey
we found many young stars near the R CrA, there are 20 young stars with
properties that characterize them as possibly belonging to the R CrA
association. From the nine known members with measured proper motions and
radial velocities, we obtain the mean space velocity components for the
Association relative to the Sun: (U, V, W) = (-3.8 +/- 1.2, -14.3 +/- 1.7, -8.3
+/- 2.0$)km/s. The new young stars with similar space velocities are in a
projected diameter of ~35deg. At a distance of ~100pc, this represents a size
of ~60pc, similar to the spread in the kinematical distances obtained assuming
the above space velocity components. If the original velocity dispersion during
star formation was equal to the dispersion of the velocity vector moduli
(~3km/s), then the age of the association should be ~10Myr to reach this size.
In this way, the classical T Tauri spectroscopic binary V4046 Sgr could be a
member of the association.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96149 </DOCNO>
Local Characterizations of Geometries


  Geometric approach to classical and exceptional groups of Lie type has been
quite successful and has led to the deveopment of the concept of buildings and
polar spaces. The latter have been characterized by simple systems of axioms
with a combinatorial-geometric flavour. Similar to buildings geometries can be
associated with finite sporadic simple groups (FSSGs). However, most of the
known characterizations of such geometries for FSSGs require additional
assumptions of a group-theoretic nature. One aim of this thesis is to present
characterizations of geometries for FSSGs J_2, Suz, McL, Co_3, Fi(22), Fi(23),
Fi(24) and He, which are in the same spirit as the characterizations of
buildings and polar spaces mentioned above, in particular without any
assumption on the automorphism groups of the geometries. A by-product of these
results for J_2, Suz and He is a proof that certain presentations for those
groups are faithful. Most of this work may be viewed as a contribution to the
theory of graphs with prescribed neighbourhood. The result on graphs of
(+)-points of GF(3)-orthogonal spaces, which is also used for characterization
of geometries for Fi(22), Fi(23) and Fi(24), may be considered as a
generalization of a well-known theorem on locally co-triangular graphs.
Hyperovals of polar spaces are natural generalizations of hyperovals of
projective planes of even order and play an important role in investigations of
extensions of polar spaces. As a by-product new extended generalized
quadrangles were found as hyperovals of the polar spaces Q_5^+(4) and H_5(4).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126280 </DOCNO>
The low mass white dwarf companion to Beta Crateris


  We present FUSE H Lyman series spectroscopy of the hot white dwarf companion
to the 4th magnitude A1III star Beta Crateris, which shows that is has an
unusually low mass, 0.43Msun, and has almost certainly evolved through binary
interaction. This system could be a long-sought remnant of Algol-type
evolution, although radial velocity measurements appear to show that the pair
are not close. Instead, micro-variations in Beta Crt's proper motion as
measured by Hipparcos suggests that the period could be as high as 10 years.
However, a low mass white dwarf in a system with a period >3 years is difficult
to explain by conventional models for binary evolution. We speculate on
alternative models for the evolution of this system which involve an eccentric
binary or multiple components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6476 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a large-spin-boson system in the strong coupling regime


  We investigate collective effects of an ensemble of biased two level systems
interacting with a bosonic bath in the strong coupling regime. The two level
systems are described by a large pseudo-spin J. An equation for the expectation
value M(t) of the z-component of the pseudo spin is derived and solved
numerically for an ohmic bath at T=0. In case of a large cut-off frequency of
the spectral function, a Markov approximation is justified and an analytical
solution is presented. We find that M(t) relaxes towards a highly correlated
state with maximum value $\pm J$ for large times. However, this relaxation is
extremely slow for most parameter values so as if the system was "frozen in" by
interaction with the bosonic bath.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1901 </DOCNO>
Double quantum dots as a high sensitive submillimeter-wave detector


  A single electron transistor (SET) consisting of parallel double quantum dots
fabricated in a GaAs/Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As heterostructure crystal is
demonstrated to serve as an extremely high sensitive detector of submillimeter
waves (SMMW). One of the double dots is ionized by SMMW via Kohn-mode plasma
excitation, which affects the SET conductance through the other quantum dot
yielding the photoresponse. Noise equivalent power of the detector for
wavelengths about 0.6 mm is estimated to reach the order of $10^{-17}$
W/$\sqrt{Hz}$ at 70 mK.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123452 </DOCNO>
VLBI Observations of a Complete Sample of Radio Galaxies. 10 Years Later


  A complete sample of 27 radio galaxies was selected from the B2 and 3CR
catalogs, in order to study their properties on the milliarcsecond scale. In
the Appendix of this paper we present new radio images for 12 of them. Thanks
to the present data, all the sources in this sample have been imaged at mas
resolution. We discuss the general results. In particular we stress the
evidence for high velocity jets in low power radio galaxies, we compare high
and low power sources, and discuss the source properties in the light of the
unified scheme models. We derive that the properties of parsec scale jets are
similar in sources with different total radio power and kpc scale morphology.
  From the core - total radio power correlation, we estimate that relativistic
jets with Lorentz factor $\gamma$ in the range 3 - 10 are present in high and
low power radio sources. We discuss also the possible existence of a two
velocity structure in the jets (fast spine and lower velocity external shear
layer).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113673 </DOCNO>
Resonances in positronium-rubidium and positronium-cesium scattering


  Scattering of ortho positronium (Ps) by cesium and rubidium atoms has been
investigated employing a three-Ps-state coupled-channel model with Ps(1s,2s,2p)
states using a time-reversal-symmetric regularized electron-exchange model
potential. We find a narrow S-wave singlet resonance at 5.057 eV of width 0.003
eV in the Ps-Rb system and at 5.067 eV of width 0.003 eV in the Ps-Cs system.
Singlet P-wave resonances in both systems are found at 5.3 eV of width 0.4 eV.
Singlet D-wave structures are found at 5.4 eV in both systems. The pronounced
P- and D-wave resonances in these systems lead to easily detectable local
minima in the low-energy elastic cross sections. We also report results for
elastic and Ps-excitation cross sections for Ps scattering by Rb and Cs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114034 </DOCNO>
Entropy and inference, revisited


  We study properties of popular near-uniform (Dirichlet) priors for learning
undersampled probability distributions on discrete nonmetric spaces and show
that they lead to disastrous results. However, an Occam-style phase space
argument expands the priors into their infinite mixture and resolves most of
the observed problems. This leads to a surprisingly good estimator of entropies
of discrete distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73023 </DOCNO>
Lax-Phillips Scattering Theory of a Relativistic Quantum Field


  The one-channel Wigner-Weisskopf survival amplitude may be dominated by
exponential type decay in pole approximation at times not too short or too
long, but, in the two channel case, for example, the pole residues are not
orthogonal, and the pole approximation evolution does not correspond to a
semigroup (experiments on the decay of the neutral K-meson system support the
semigroup evolution postulated by Lee, Oehme and Yang, and Yang and Wu, to very
high accuracy). The scattering theory of Lax and Phillips, originally developed
for classical wave equations, has been recently extended to the description of
the evolution of resonant states in the framework of quantum theory. The
resulting evolution law of the unstable system is that of a semigroup, and the
resonant state is a well-defined funtion in the Lax-Phillips Hilbert space. In
this paper we apply this theory to relativistically covarant quantum field
theoretical form of the (soluble) Lee model. We show that this theory provides
a rigorous underlying basis for the Lee-Oehme-Yang-Wu construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1676 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensate: critical velocities and energy diagrams in the


  For a Bose-Einstein condensate placed in a rotating trap and confined in the
z axis, we set a framework of study for the Gross-Pitaevskii energy in the
Thomas Fermi regime. We investigate an asymptotic development of the energy,
the critical velocities of nucleation of vortices with respect to a small
parameter $\ep$ and the location of vortices. The limit $\ep$ going to zero
corresponds to the Thomas Fermi regime. The non-dimensionalized energy is
similar to the Ginzburg-Landau energy for superconductors in the high-kappa
high-field limit and our estimates rely on techniques developed for this latter
problem. We also take the advantage of this similarity to develop a numerical
algorithm for computing the Bose-Einstein vortices. Numerical results and
energy diagrams are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97540 </DOCNO>
Deduction, Ordering, and Operations in Quantum Logic


  We show that in quantum logic of closed subspaces of Hilbert space one cannot
substitute quantum operations for classical (standard Hilbert space) ones and
treat them as primitive operations. We consider two possible ways of such a
substitution and arrive at operation algebras that are not lattices what proves
the claim. We devise algorithms and programs which write down any two-variable
expression in an orthomodular lattice by means of classical and quantum
operations in an identical form. Our results show that lattice structure and
classical operations uniquely determine quantum logic underlying Hilbert space.
As a consequence of our result, recent proposals for a deduction theorem with
quantum operations in an orthomodular lattice as well as a substitution of
quantum operations for the usual standard Hilbert space ones in quantum logic
prove to be misleading. Quantum computer quantum logic is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75785 </DOCNO>
eta and eta' in a coupled Schwinger-Dyson and Bethe-Salpeter approach.


  The applications of the consistently coupled Schwinger-Dyson and
Bethe-Salpeter approach to the eta-eta' complex are extended to the two-photon
transition form factors of eta and eta' for spacelike transferred momenta. We
compare our predictions with experiment and some other theoretical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6558 </DOCNO>
Spin Reduction Transition in Spin-3/2 Random Heisenberg Chains


  Random spin-3/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains are investigated using an
asymptotically exact renormalization group. Randomness is found to induce a
quantum phase transition between two random-singlet phases. In the strong
randomness phase the effective spins at low energies are S_eff=3/2, while in
the weak randomness phase the effective spins are S_eff=1/2. Separating them is
a quantum critical point near which there is a non-trivial mixture of S=1/2,
S=1, and S=3/2 effective spins at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41646 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillation parameters from MINOS, ICARUS and OPERA combined


  We perform a detailed analysis of the capabilities of the MINOS, ICARUS and
OPERA experiments to measure neutrino oscillation parameters at the atmospheric
scale with their data taken separately and in combination. MINOS will determine
$\Delta m^2_{32}$ and $\sin^2 2\theta_{23}$ to within 10% at the 99% C.L. with
10 kton-years of data. While no one experiment will determine $\sin^2
2\theta_{13}$ with much precision, if its value lies in the combined
sensitivity region of the three experiments, it will be possible to place a
lower bound of O(0.01) at the 95% C.L. on this parameter by combining the data
from the three experiments. The same bound can be placed with a combination of
MINOS and ICARUS data alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126658 </DOCNO>
Ambipolar Drift in a Turbulent Medium


  The interstellar magnetic field strength and gas density are observed to be
correlated, but there is a large dispersion in this relation. In particular,
the magnetic field is often observed to be weaker than expected. It is usually
assumed that the field is frozen into the gas, except at very low ionization
fraction, in which case ion-neutral drift, or ambipolar diffusion, leads to
appreciable slip of the field and tends to make it more uniform. We show that
turbulence enhances the rate of ambipolar drift, and that this may explain the
surprisingly low fieldstrengths sometimes seen in dense interstellar gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3455 </DOCNO>
Steady State Behavior of Mechanically Perturbed Spin Glasses and


  A zero temperature dynamics of Ising spin glasses and ferromagnets on random
graphs of finite connectivity is considered, like granular media these systems
have an extensive entropy of metastable states. We consider the problem of what
energy a randomly prepared spin system falls to before becoming stuck in a
metastable state. We then introduce a tapping mechanism, analogous to that of
real experiments on granular media, this tapping, corresponding to flipping
simultaneously any spin with probability $p$, leads to stationary regime with a
steady state energy $E(p)$. We explicitly solve this problem for the one
dimensional ferromagnet and $\pm J$ spin glass and carry out extensive
numerical simulations for spin systems of higher connectivity. The link with
the density of metastable states at fixed energy and the idea of Edwards that
one may construct a thermodynamics with a flat measure over metastable states
is discussed. In addition our simulations on the ferromagnetic systems reveal a
novel first order transition, whereas the usual thermodynamic transition on
these graphs is second order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73373 </DOCNO>
Spontaneously Generated Gauge Invariance


  We argue that the non-observability of the spontaneous breakdown of Lorentz
symmetry (SBLS) caused by the vacuum expectation values of vector fields could
provide the origin of all internal symmetries observed. Remarkably, the
application of this principle to the most general relativistically invariant
Lagrangian, with arbitrary couplings for all the fields involved, leads by
itself to the appearance of a symmetry and, what is more, to the massless
vector field(s) gauging this symmetry. A simple model for the SBLS based on
massive vector and real scalar field interactions is considered; it is found
that spontaneously broken gauge symmetries could also appear, when SBLS happens
and is required to be physically unobservable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40914 </DOCNO>
Exclusive decay of $1^{- -}$ heavy quarkonium into photon and two pions


  We study the exclusive decay of $1^{--}$ heavy quarkonium into one photon and
two pions in the kinematic region, where the two-pion system has a invariant
mass which is much smaller than the mass of heavy quarkonium. Neglecting
effects suppressed by the inverse of the heavy quark mass, the decay amplitude
can be factorized, in which the nonperturbative effect related to heavy
quarkonium is represented by a non-relativistic QCD matrix element, and that
related to the two pions is represented by a distribution amplitude of two
gluons in the isoscalar pion pair. By taking the asymptotic form for the
distribution amplitude and by using chiral perturbative theory we are able to
obtain numerical predictions for the decay. Numerical results show that the
decay of $\jpsi$ can be observed at BEPC and at CESR. Experiment observation of
this process in this kinematic region at BEPC and CESR can provide information
about how gluons are converted into the two pions and may supply a unique
approach to study $ I = 0$ s-wave $\pi \pi$ scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97656 </DOCNO>
Adjoints of elliptic cone operators


  We study the adjointness problem for the closed extensions of a general
b-elliptic operator A in x^{-\nu}Diff^m_b(M;E), \nu>0, initially defined as an
unbounded operator A:C_c^\infty(M;E)\subset x^\mu L^2_b(M;E)\to x^\mu
L^2_b(M;E), \mu \in \R. The case where A is a symmetric semibounded operator is
of particular interest, and we give a complete description of the domain of the
Friedrichs extension of such an operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41176 </DOCNO>
SUSY Searches at the Tevatron


  We discuss some of the latest results from supersymmetry searches at the
Tevatron

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75894 </DOCNO>
Note on finite temperature sum rules for vector and axial-vector


  An updated analysis of vector and axial-vector spectral functions is
presented. The resonant contributions to the spectral integrals are shown to be
expressible as multiples of 4 pi^2 f_pi^2, encoding the scale of spontaneous
chiral symmetry breaking in QCD. Up to order T^2 this behavior carries over to
the case of finite temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40755 </DOCNO>
SPIN - Progress and Prospects


  I review the progress in fundamental spin physics over the past several years
and the prospects for the future. The progress is striking and the prospects
are excellent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126069 </DOCNO>
Observation of solar flares through the ART-P telescope side shield


  Some preliminary results of observations of six solar flares though the ART-P
telescop side shield in 1990-1992 are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73 </DOCNO>
Temporal fluctuations of waves in weakly nonlinear disordered media


  We consider the multiple scattering of a scalar wave in a disordered medium
with a weak nonlinearity of Kerr type. The perturbation theory, developed to
calculate the temporal autocorrelation function of scattered wave, fails at
short correlation times. A self-consistent calculation shows that for
nonlinearities exceeding a certain threshold value, the multiple-scattering
speckle pattern becomes unstable and exhibits spontaneous fluctuations even in
the absence of scatterer motion. The instability is due to a distributed
feedback in the system "coherent wave + nonlinear disordered medium". The
feedback is provided by the multiple scattering. The development of instability
is independent of the sign of nonlinearity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72512 </DOCNO>
Contact interactions and polarized beams at a Linear Collider


  We discuss contact-interaction searches in the processes e^+e^-\to
\mu^+\mu^-, b\bar{b} and c\bar{c} at an e^+e^- Linear Collider with c.m. energy
\sqrt{s}=0.5 TeV and with longitudinally polarized beams. The measurement of
polarized cross sections allows to study the individual helicity cross
sections, and consequently to derive separate, model-independent, constraints
on the four-fermion contact interaction couplings. We evaluate the reach on
those parameters foreseeable in the case of both electron and positron
polarization fixed at some reference values, and compare it with the situation
where only electron polarization is available. The analysis is based on
polarized integrated cross sections with optimal kinematical cuts that can
improve the sensitivity to the relevant couplings. While electron polarization
would by itself allow such an analysis, the additional positron polarization
(with no loss of beam intensity) and optimization can have a crucial role in
improving the sensitivity to the new interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124412 </DOCNO>
Determining cosmic microwave background structure from its peak


  We present a new method for time-efficient and accurate extraction of the
power spectrum from future cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps based on
properties of peaks and troughs of the Gaussian CMB sky. We construct a
statistic describing their angular clustering - analogously to galaxies, the
2-point angular correlation function, $\xi_\nu(\theta)$. We show that for
increasing peak threshold, $\nu$, the $\xi_\nu(\theta)$ is strongly amplified
and becomes measurable for $\nu\geq$1 on angular scales $\leq 10^\circ$. Its
amplitude at every scale depends uniquely on the CMB temperature correlation
function, $C(\theta)$, and thus the measured $\xi_\nu$ can be uniquely inverted
to obtain $C(\theta)$ and its Legendre transform, the power spectrum of the CMB
field. Because in this method the CMB power spectrum is deduced from high
peaks/troughs of the CMB field, the procedure takes only $[f(\nu)]^2N^2$
operations where $f(\nu)$ is the fraction of pixels with $|\delta T|\geq\nu$
standard deviations in the map of $N$ pixels and is e.g. 0.045 and 0.01 for
$\nu$=2 and 2.5 respectively. We develop theoretical formalism for the method
and show with detailed simulations, using MAP mission parameters, that this
method allows to determine very accurately the CMB power spectrum from the
upcoming CMB maps in only $\sim(10^{-4}-10^{-3})\times N^2$ operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4544 </DOCNO>
Social Effects in Simple Computer Model of Ageing


  A simple evolutionary model for biological ageing is modified such that it
requires a minimum population for survival, like in human society. This social
effect leads to a transition between extinction and survival of the species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167957 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Maximum likelihood reconstruction of CP maps",


  The treatment proposed by Sacchi quant-ph/0009104 does not represent correct
solution, since the necessary conditions on CP maps are not guaranteed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150203 </DOCNO>
Integrable reductions of Spin(7) and G_2 invariant self-dual Yang-Mills


  There is remarkable relation between self-dual Yang-Mills and self-dual
Einstein gravity in four Euclidean dimensions. Motivated by this we investigate
the Spin(7) and G_2 invariant self-dual Yang-Mills equations in eight and seven
Euclidean dimensions and search for their possible analogs in gravitational
theories. The reduction of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations to one dimension
results into systems of first order differential equations. In particular, the
Spin(7)-invariant case gives rise to a 7-dimensional system which is completely
integrable. The different solutions are classified in terms of algebraic curves
and are characterized by the genus of the associated Riemann surfaces.
Remarkably, this system arises also in the construction of solutions in gauged
supergravities that have an interpretation as continuous distributions of
branes in string and M-theory. For the G_2 invariant case we perform two
distinct reductions, both giving rise to 6-dimensional systems. The first
reduction, which is a complex generalization of the 3-dimensional Euler
spinning top system, preserves an SU(2) X SU(2) X Z_2 symmetry and is fully
integrable in the particular case where an extra U(1) symmetry exists. The
second reduction we employ, generalizes the Halphen system familiar from the
dynamics of monopoles. Finally, we analyze massive generalizations and present
solitonic solutions interpolating between different degenerate vacua.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75005 </DOCNO>
The $\pt$ spectrum of heavy quarks in photoproduction


  We illustrate a formalism that allows to match the next-to-leading order
cross section for the photoproduction of heavy quarks to the cross section
obtained by resumming logarithms of $\pt/m$ to the next-to-leading accuracy,
thus giving a sensible prediction for any value of $\pt$. We present a
comparison between our predictions and H1 and ZEUS data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179286 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to polarization observables for elastic


  We calculate polarization phenomena for virtual Compton scattering on
protons, at relatively large momentum transfer 1 GeV$^2$ $\le -q^2\le$ 5
GeV$^2$ on the basis of a model for $\gamma^*+ p\to \gamma+p$ with two main
contributions: $\pi^0$-exchange in $t-$channel and $\Delta$-excitation in
$s$-channel. This model applies from threshold to $\Delta$ region. The
parameters entering in this model, such as coupling constants and
electromagnetic form factors are well known. The analyzing powers for
$\gamma^*+\vec p\to \gamma+ p$ and the components of the final proton
polarization in $\gamma^*+ p\to \gamma+ \vec p$ are large in absolute value and
show strong sensitivity to $\pi\bigotimes\Delta$ interference. These results
can be applied to the calculation of radiative corrections to polarization
phenomena in elastic $ep$-scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149924 </DOCNO>
Dyons, K-theory and M-theory


  We study the dyonic charge of type IIA D6-branes interpreted as M-theory
Kaluza-Klein monopoles. The connection between the dyonic properties of type
IIA D6-branes and the existence of eleven dimensions is discussed. We also
study dyonic properties of non-commutative monopoles. Variations of the
external antisymmetric B-field generate the electric charge of non-commutative
dyons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125554 </DOCNO>
The HI supershell GS061+00+51 and its neighbours


  We describe HI observations of a 4 x 4 degrees field in the Milky Way
centered on l=61 deg, b=0 deg made by the Effelsberg radiotelescope. The field
contains one previously identified HI supershell, GS061+00+51 (Heiles, 1979);
apart from it we find several new structures. We also study the HI distribution
in the vicinity of four HII regions, S86, S87, S88 and S89. We confirm the
existence of the shell GS061+00+51, and we find that it has two smaller
neighbours, spherical shells with a radius around 30 pc. We identify at least
one more regular shell at v_LSR = -18 km/s; and one blown-out shell at v_LSR =
-54 km/s. In two cases we are able to connect HII regions with features in the
HI distribution (S86 and S87), in two other cases no connection is found. Apart
from quite regular HI shells we see a number of non-coherent objects, which are
probably a result of the turbulence in the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75011 </DOCNO>
Resummations with renormalon effects for the hadronic vacuum


  The hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon (g-2) value is
calculated by considering a known dispersion integral which involves the $R_{e+
e-}(s)$ ratio. The theoretical part stemming from the region below 1.8 GeV is
the largest contribution in our approach, and is calculated by using a contour
integral involving the associated Adler function $D(Q^2)$. In the resummations,
we explicitly take into account the exactly known renormalon singularity of the
leading infrared renormalon in the usual and in the modified Borel transform of
$D(Q^2)$, and map further away from the origin the other renormalon
singularities by employing judiciously chosen conformal transformations. The
renormalon effect increases the predicted value of the hadronic vacuum
polarization contribution to the muon (g-2), and therefore diminishes the
difference between the recently measured and the SM/QCD-predicted value of
(g-2). It is also shown that the total QED correction to the hadronic vacuum
polarization is very small, about 0.06 percent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75968 </DOCNO>
Non-Equilibrium Aspects of Chiral Field Theories


  First, the chiral phase transition at nonzero temperature and baryon chemical
potential is studied at mean field level in the sigma model that includes quark
degrees of freedom explicitly. For small bare quark masses the critical point
separating the first order phase transition line and the smooth crossover
region is determined, and the spinodal lines are drawn. Adiabatic lines are
computed showing that the critical point does not serve as focusing point in
the adiabatic expansion. Second, coarse-grained evolution equations for
inhomogeneous chiral condensate fields coupled to a heat bath are derived in
the linear sigma model. Multiple effects of the thermal background on the
Disoriented Chiral Condensate (DCC) are studied within linear response theory.
In-medium modification of the pion dispersion relation is examined. The
deviation from the speed of light of the velocity of soft Goldstone modes is
calculated. Decay widths of pions and sigma mesons are computed at nonzero
temperature at one- and two-loop order in perturbation theory. We show that
elastic scattering processes are significant for the dissipation of DCCs in the
phase transition region. Throughout this work we made sure that Goldstone's
Theorem is fulfilled when chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1309 </DOCNO>
The probability distribution of the conductance in anisotropic systems


  We investigate the probability distribution $p(g)$ of the conductance $g$ in
anisotropic two-dimensional systems. The scaling procedure applicable to
mapping the conductance distributions of localized anisotropic systems to the
corresponding isotropic one can be extended to systems at the critical point of
the metal-to-insulator transition. Instead of the squares used for isotropic
systems, one should use rectangles for the anisotropic ones. At the critical
point, the ratio of the side lengths must be equal to the squre root of the
ratio of the critical values of the quasi-one-dimensional scaling functions.
For localized systems, the ratio of the side lengths must be equal to the ratio
of the localization lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76683 </DOCNO>
T and CPT in B-Factories


  For the Bd meson system, CP, T and CPT indirect violation can be described
using two physical parameters, epsilon and delta. The traditional observables
based on flavour tag and used in the kaon system, are not helpful in the Bd
case, and new asymmetries have to be introduced. Here such alternative
observables, based on CP tag, are presented, together with the first estimation
on the sensitivity that current asymmetric B-factories can achieve on their
measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149153 </DOCNO>
Duality in N=2 SUSY Gauge Theories: low-energy effective action and BPS


  After an introduction to N=2 susy Yang-Mills theories, I review in some
detail, for the SU(2) gauge group, how the low-energy effective action is
obtained using duality and the constraints arising from the supersymmetry. Then
I discuss how knowledge of this action, duality and certain discrete symmetries
allow us to determine the spectra of stable BPS states at any point in moduli
space. This is done for gauge group SU(2), without and with fundamental matter
hypermultiplets which may have non-vanishing bare masses. In the latter case
non-trivial four-dimensional CFTs arise at Argyres-Douglas type points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74109 </DOCNO>
Instantons As Unitary Spin Maker


  We investigate the relevance of the instanton-induced determinantal 't Hooft
interaction to the eta-nucleon coupling within the framework of a three-flavor
linear sigma model in the OZI-rule-respecting basis. Instantons, in combination
with the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry, are shown to provide the
major mechanism for the ideal mixing between pseudoscalar strange and
non-strange quarkonia. As long as 't Hooft's interaction captures most of the
basic features of the axial QCD gluon anomaly, we identify the anomaly as the
main culprit for the appearance of octet flavor symmetry in the anomalous
sectors of the pseudoscalar (and axial vector) mesons. Within this context,
unitary spin is shown to be an accidental symmetry due to anomalous gluon
dynamics rather than a fundamental symmetry in its own right. Though we find
the eta-nucleon coupling constant to obey a Goldberger-Treiman like relation,
the latter does not take its origin from a pole dominance of the induced
pseudoscalar form factor of the octet axial current, but from a subtle
flavor-mixing mechanism that is traced back to instanton dynamics. The model
presented allows for possible generalizations to non-ideal mixing angles and
different values of the meson decay constants in the strange and non-strange
sectors, respectively. Finally, we discuss the issue as to what extent the eta
meson may be considered as a Goldstone boson under the constraints of the
anomaly-produced unitary spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174651 </DOCNO>
Analysis of a Fossil Bone from the Archaeological Settlement Malu Rosu,


  A fossil bone from the archaeological site Malu Rosu Giurgiu, in Romania has
been analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry to estimate its age by
determining its $^{14}$C content. The radiocarbon age of the bone is in
agreement with the date obtained by the method for age determination, based on
fluorine content. This is the first radiocarbon dating for the final Neolithic
period, for this archaeological settlement in the Romanian region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76556 </DOCNO>
Dark matter and gamma rays from the galactic halo


  The nature of the dark matter in the halo of our Galaxy is still largely
unknown. The microlensing events found so far towards the Large Magellanic
Cloud suggest that at most about 20% of the halo dark matter is in the form of
MACHOs (Massive Astrophysical Compact Halo Objects). The dark matter could
also, at least partially, consist of cold molecular clouds (mainly $H_2$).
Another possibility is that WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) make
up the dark matter and that, due to annihilition processes, they show up
through gamma-ray emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127594 </DOCNO>
Gravity and Non-gravity Modes in the VIRMOS-DESCART Weak Lensing Survey


  We analyze the weak lensing data of the VIRMOS imaging survey using
projections (called E and B-modes) of the two independents observed correlation
functions. The E-mode contains all the lensing signal, while noise and
systematics contribute equally to the E and B modes provided that intrinsic
alignment is negligible. The mode separation allows a measurement of the signal
with a \sqrt{2} smaller error bars, and a separate channel to test for
systematic errors. We apply various transformations, including a spherical
harmonic space power spectrum C^E_l and C^B_l, which provides a direct
measurement of the projected dark matter distribution for 500<l<10^4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168131 </DOCNO>
Modified de Broglie-Bohm approach closer to classical Hamilton-Jacobi


  A modified de Broglie-Bohm (dBB) approach to quantum mechanics is presented.
In this new deterministic theory, the problem of zero velocity for bound states
does not appear. Also this approach is equivalent to standard quantum mechanics
when averages of dynamical variables are taken, in exactly the same way as in
the original dBB theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74169 </DOCNO>
Photoproduction of the isolated photon at HERA in NLO QCD


  The NLO QCD calculation for the photoproduction of the isolated photon with a
large pT at the HERA ep collider is presented. The single resolved photon
contribution and the QCD corrections of order alpha_s to the Born term are
consistently included. The NNLO contributions, the box and the double resolved
photon subprocesses, are sizeable and are taken into account in addition. The
importance of the isolation cut, as well as the influence of other experimental
cuts on pT and final photon rapidity distributions are discussed in detail. The
investigation of the renormalization scale dependence is performed in order to
estimate the size of missing higher order QCD corrections. Results are compared
with experimental data and with the prediction of a different NLO calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83609 </DOCNO>
The branching nerve of HDA and the Kan condition


  We have already seen that in reasonable situations, i.e. when the path
$\omega$-category associated to a higher dimensional automata (HDA) is an
$\omega$-groupoid, only the globular nerve satisfies the Kan condition. Indeed
for the branching and merging (semi-cubical) nerves, this condition generally
does not hold. This drawback is overcome here by introducing two new nerves
(the branching and merging semi-globular nerves) satisfying the Kan condition
in any reasonable situation and having conjecturally the same simplicial
homology as the branching and merging semi-cubical nerves respectively for any
$\omega$-category freely generated by a precubical set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168983 </DOCNO>
Quantum key distribution with bright entangled beams


  We suggest a quantum cryptographic scheme using continuous EPR-like
correlations of bright optical beams. For binary key encoding, the continuous
information is discretized in a novel way by associating a respective
measurement, amplitude or phase, with a bit value "1" or "0". The secure key
distribution is guaranteed by the quantum correlations. No pre-determined
information is sent through the quantum channel contributing to the security of
the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113741 </DOCNO>
Fresnel coefficients as hyperbolic rotations


  We describe the action of a plane interface between two semi-infinite media
in terms of a transfer matrix. We find a remarkably simple factorization of
this matrix, which enables us to express the Fresnel coefficients as a
hyperbolic rotation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97885 </DOCNO>
Affine structures on non characteristically filiform Lie algebras


  In this note we prove that every non characteristically filiform Lie algebras
admit an affine structure

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127528 </DOCNO>
Optical identification of sources from the HELLAS2XMM survey


  We present preliminary results on the optical identifications of sources from
the High Energy Large Area Survey performed with XMM-Newton (HELLAS2XMM). This
survey covers about 3 square degrees of sky down to a 2-10 keV flux of 7 x
10^-15 erg cm-2 s-1 (Baldi & Molendi these proceedings, Baldi et al. 2001). The
survey good sensitivity over a large area allows us to confirm and extend
previous Chandra results about a population of X-ray luminous but optically
dull galaxies emerging at 2-10 keV fluxes of about 10-14 erg cm-2 s-1. Although
the statistics are still rather poor, it appears that at these X-ray fluxes the
fraction of these galaxies is similar or even higher than that of narrow line
AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72628 </DOCNO>
Testing Higgs Self-Couplings at High-Energy Linear Colliders


  In order to verify the Higgs mechanism experimentally, the Higgs
self-couplings have to be probed. These couplings allow the reconstruction of
the characteristic Higgs potential responsible for the electroweak symmetry
breaking. The couplings are accessible in a variety of multiple Higgs
production processes. The theoretical analysis including the most relevant
channels for the production of neutral Higgs boson pairs at high-energy and
high-luminosity $e^+e^-$ linear colliders will be presented in this note.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99046 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal Extension of the Borchers Classes of Quantum Fields


  We formulate an equivalence relation between nonlocal quantum fields,
generalizing the relative locality which was studied by Borchers in the
framework of local QFT. The Borchers classes are shown to allow a natural
extension involving nonlocal fields with arbitrarily singular ultraviolet
behavior. Our consideration is based on the systematic employment of the
asymptotic commutativity condition which, as established previously, ensures
the normal spin and statistics connection as well as the existence of PCT
symmetry in nonlocal field theory. We prove the transitivity of the weak
relative asymptotic commutativity property generalizing Jost-Dyson's weak
relative locality and show that all fields in the same extended Borchers class
have the same S-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129467 </DOCNO>
Divergence-Free Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Magnetohydrodynamics


  In this paper we present a full-fledged scheme for the second order accurate,
divergence-free evolution of vector fields on an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR)
hierarchy. We focus here on adaptive mesh MHD. The scheme is based on making a
significant advance in the divergence-free reconstruction of vector fields. In
that sense, it complements the earlier work of Balsara and Spicer (1999) where
we discussed the divergence-free time-update of vector fields which satisfy
Stoke's law type evolution equations. Our advance in divergence-free
reconstruction of vector fields is such that it reduces to the total variation
diminishing (TVD) property for one-dimensional evolution and yet goes beyond it
in multiple dimensions. Divergence-free restriction is also discussed. An
electric field correction strategy is presented for use on AMR meshes. The
electric field correction strategy helps preserve the divergence-free evolution
of the magnetic field even when the time steps are sub-cycled on refined
meshes. The above-mentioned innovations have been implemented in Balsara's
RIEMANN framework for parallel, self-adaptive computational astrophysics which
supports both non-relativistic and relativistic MHD. Several rigorous, three
dimensional AMR-MHD test problems with strong discontinuities have been run
with the RIEMANN framework showing that the strategy works very well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86207 </DOCNO>
Quantization of Scalar Fields in Curved Background and Quantum Algebras


  We show that a suitable deformation of the algebra $h_k(1)$ of the creation
and annihilation operators for a complex scalar field, initially quantized in
Minkowski space--time, induces the canonical quantization of the same field in
a generic gravitational background. This discloses the physical meaning of the
deformation parameter $q$ which turns out to be related to the gravitational
field. The thermal properties are re-obtained in this formalism, and the
application to Schwarzschild and Rindler space-times are carried out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128130 </DOCNO>
Optical/near-IR observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era


  An overview of the optical and near-IR observations of GRBs in the Afterglow
Era is presented, covering the period 1997-2000. They have allowed to a better
understanding of the underlying GRB physics as well as to constraint the
progenitor models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72346 </DOCNO>
Measuring the metric: a parametrized post-Friedmanian approach to the


  We argue for a ``parametrized post-Friedmanian'' approach to linear
cosmology, where the history of expansion and perturbation growth is measured
without assuming that the Einstein Field Equations hold. As an illustration, a
model-independent analysis of 92 type Ia supernovae demonstrates that the curve
giving the expansion history has the wrong shape to be explained without some
form of dark energy or modified gravity. We discuss how upcoming lensing,
galaxy clustering, cosmic microwave background and Lyman alpha forest
observations can be combined to carry though this program, which generalizes
the quest for a dark energy equation of state, and forecast the accuracy that
the proposed SNAP satellite can attain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81174 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Hamiltonian: Generalization to Quantum Field Theory


  Monte Carlo techniques with importance sampling have been extensively applied
to lattice gauge theory in the Lagrangian formulation. Unfortunately, it is
extremely difficult to compute the excited states using the conventional Monte
Carlo algorithm. Our recently developed approach: the Monte Carlo Hamiltonian
method, has been designed to overcome the difficulties of the conventional
approach. In this paper, we extend the method to many body systems and quantum
field theory. The Klein-Gordon field theory is used as a testing ground.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75034 </DOCNO>
Two-Loop Jet Physics: Status and Prospects


  I review the recent theoretical progress towards the computation of jet
observables at two loops in QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72421 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in QED_3 from the Wilson RG Point of View


  Dynamical symmetry breaking in three dimensional QED with $N$ flavors, which
has been mostly analyzed by solving the Schwinger-Dyson equations, is
investigated by means of the approximated Wilson, or non-perturbative,
renormalization group (RG). We study the RG flows of the gauge coupling and the
general four-fermi couplings allowed by the symmetry with concentrating our
interest on study of the phase structure. The RG equations have no gauge
parameter dependence in our approximation scheme. It is found that there exist
chirally broken and unbroken phases for $N > N_{\rm cr}$ ($3 < N_{\rm cr} < 4$)
and that the unbroken phase disappears for $N < N_{\rm cr}$. We also discuss
the spontaneous parity breaking in three dimensional QED with the four-fermi
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83770 </DOCNO>
Bounded Concurrent Timestamp Systems Using Vector Clocks


  Shared registers are basic objects used as communication mediums in
asynchronous concurrent computation. A concurrent timestamp system is a higher
typed communication object, and has been shown to be a powerful tool to solve
many concurrency control problems. It has turned out to be possible to
construct such higher typed objects from primitive lower typed ones. The next
step is to find efficient constructions. We propose a very efficient wait-free
construction of bounded concurrent timestamp systems from 1-writer multireader
registers. This finalizes, corrects, and extends, a preliminary bounded
multiwriter construction proposed by the second author in 1986. That work
partially initiated the current interest in wait-free concurrent objects, and
introduced a notion of discrete vector clocks in distributed algorithms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76116 </DOCNO>
Constraints on radion vev from the beta functions for top yukawa


  In this paper we determine how the beta function for the top Yukawa coupling
to one loop is modified by a light stabilized radion in the Randall-Sundrum
model. We then use this beta function together with \beta (\lambda) to
deteremine lower bounds on the radion vev <\phi> for different values of
\lambda(m_z) and m_{\phi} by demanding that both g_t(\mu) and \lambda(\mu)
should remain perturbative from m_z up ot the cut off \Lambda. We find that the
lower bounds on <\phi> that follow from the condition
\lambda(\Lambda)<\sqrt{4\pi} nearly agree with those that follow from
g_t(\Lambda)<\sqrt{4\pi}. We have also determined the critical value of <\phi>
for different values of \lambda(m_z) and m_{\phi} from the line of fixed points
which is given by \beta(g_t)=0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85914 </DOCNO>
Is Nature Generic?


  An introductory guide to mathematical cosmology is given focusing on the
issue of the genericity of various important results which have been obtained
during the last thirty or so years. Some of the unsolved problems along with
certain new and potentially powerful methods which may be used for future
progress are also given from a unified perspective.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75663 </DOCNO>
Softness of Scherk-Schwarz Supersymmetry Breaking


  We investigate how the mass correction appears in 5-D with Scherk-Schwarz
compactification and clarify whether the KK regularization is reliable method
or not. In the extremely sharp cutoff limit of the 5-D regulator which
preserves 5-D Lorentz invariance, we prove that the one loop correction to the
mass does not depend on the ultraviolet physics for the Scherk-Schwarz breaking
of supersymmetry. This is a unique property of Scherk-Schwarz breaking which is
given by the boundary condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127122 </DOCNO>
New insights on the Draco dwarf spheroidal galaxy from SDSS: a larger


  We have investigated the spatial extent and structure of the Draco dwarf
spheroidal galaxy using deep wide-field multicolor CCD photometry from the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our study covers an area of 27 square degrees
around the center of the Draco dwarf. We show that the spatial distribution of
Draco's red giants, red horizontal branch stars and subgiants down to i=21.7
mag does not provide evidence for the existence of tidally induced tails or a
halo of unbound stars. The radial profile can be fit by King models as well as
by a generalized exponential. The core radius and the limiting (or tidal)
radius along the major axis are 7.7' and 40.1', respectively, making Draco 40%
larger than previously measured. Down to our magnitude limit tidal effects can
only exist at a level of 10^-3 of the central surface density of Draco or
below. The regular structure of Draco found from the new data argues against it
being a portion of an unbound tidal stream and lends support to the assumption
of dynamical equilibrium. We estimate Draco's total mass to be 2.2 - 3.5 times
10^7 solar masses. We obtain an overall mass-to-light ratio of 146+-42 or
92+-28 solar masses depending on the details of the mass and luminosity
estimates. In summary, our results strengthen the case for a strongly dark
matter dominated, bound stellar system. (Abstract strongly abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96783 </DOCNO>
The log canonical threshold of homogeneous affine hypersurfaces


  We prove that if Y is a hypersurface of degree d in P^n with isolated
singularities, then the log canonical threshold of (P^n,Y) is at least
min{n/d,1}. Moreover, if d is at least n+1, then we have equality if and only
if Y is the projective cone over a (smooth) hypersurface in P^{n-1}. In the
case when Y is a hyperplane section of a smooth hypersurface in P^{n+1},
Cheltsov and Park have proved that Y has isolated singularities and they have
obtained the above lower bound for the log canonical threshold. Moreover they
made the conjecture about the equality case (for d=n+1) and they proved that
the conjecture follows from the Log Minimal Model Program. The purpose of this
note is to give an easy proof of their conjecture using the description of the
log canonical threshold in terms of jet schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74851 </DOCNO>
Preliminary Calculation of $\alpha_s$ from Green Functions with


  We present preliminary results on the computation of the QCD running coupling
constant in the $\widetilde{MOM}$ scheme and Landau gauge with two flavours of
dynamical Wilson quarks. Gluon momenta range up to about 7 GeV ($\beta =$ 5.6,
5.8 and 6.0) with a constant dynamical-quark mass. This range already allows to
exhibit some evidence for a sizable $1/\mu^2$ correction to the asymptotic
behaviour, as in the quenched approximation, although a fit without power
corrections is still possible with a reasonable $\chi^2$. Following the
conclusions of our quenched study, we take into account $1/\mu^2$ correction to
the asymptotic behaviour. We find $\Lambda_{\rm \bar{MS}}^{N_f=2} = 264(27)
{\rm MeV} \times [{a^{-1}(5.6,0.1560)}/{2.19 {\rm GeV}}] $, which leads to
$\alpha_s(M_Z) = 0.113(3)(4)$. The latter result has to be taken as a
preliminary indication rather than a real prediction in view of the systematic
errors still to be controlled. Still, being two sigmas below the experimental
result makes it very encouraging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5810 </DOCNO>
A Bragg glass phase in the vortex lattice of a type II superconductor


  Although crystals are usually quite stable, they are sensitive to a
disordered environment: even an infinitesimal amount of impurities can lead to
the destruction of the crystalline order. The resulting state of matter has
been a longstanding puzzle. Until recently it was believed to be an amorphous
state in which the crystal would break into crystallites. But a different
theory predicts the existence of a novel phase of matter: the so-called Bragg
glass, which is a glass and yet nearly as ordered as a perfect crystal. The
lattice of vortices that can contain magnetic flux in type II superconductors
provide a good system to investigate these ideas. Here we show that neutron
diffraction data of the vortex lattice in type II superconductors provides
unambiguous evidence for a weak, power-law decay of the crystalline order
characteristic of a Bragg glass. The theory also predicts accurately the
electrical transport properties of superconductors; it naturally explains the
observed phase transition and the dramatic jumps in the critical current
associated with the melting of the Bragg glass. Moreover the model explains
experiments as diverse as X-ray scattering in disordered liquid crystals and
conductivity of electronic crystals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81433 </DOCNO>
Performance studies of the two-step multiboson algorithm in compact


  The performance of the two-step multiboson (TSMB) algorithm is investigated
in comparison with the hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) method for compact lattice QED
with standard Wilson fermions both in the Coulomb and confinement phases. The
restriction to QED allows for extensive measurements of autocorrelation times.
Preliminary results show that the TSMB algorithm is at least competitive with
standard HMC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3911 </DOCNO>
Experimental evidence of the spin selection rule in KLL Auger transition


  With on- and off- resonant excitation photons, spin-resolved Auger electron
spectra of epitaxial CrO$_{2}$ thin films show an experimental evidence of the
spin-selective KLL Auger decay. The on-resonance O KLL Auger electrons are
found to be highly spin-polarized, while the off-resonance ones with almost
zero spin polarization. These results lead to conclude that the two-hole final
state in KLL Auger decay is a spin-singlet. Applications to spin-resolved
absorption spectroscopy are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4671 </DOCNO>
CTRW Pathways to the Fractional Diffusion Equation


  The foundations of the fractional diffusion equation are investigated based
on coupled and decoupled continuous time random walks (CTRW). For this aim we
find an exact solution of the decoupled CTRW, in terms of an infinite sum of
stable probability densities. This exact solution is then used to understand
the meaning and domain of validity of the fractional diffusion equation. An
interesting behavior is discussed for coupled memories (i.e., L\'evy walks).
The moments of the random walk exhibit strong anomalous diffusion, indicating
(in a naive way) the breakdown of simple scaling behavior and hence of the
fractional approximation. Still the Green function $P(x,t)$ is described well
by the fractional diffusion equation, in the long time limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2937 </DOCNO>
Electron-Phonon Interaction and Ultrasonic Attenuation in the Ruthenate


  This article derives an electron-phonon interaction suitable for interpreting
ultrasonic attenuation measurements in the ruthenate and cuprate
superconductors. The huge anisotropy found experimentally (Lupien et al., 2001)
in Sr2RuO4 in the normal state is accounted for in terms of the layered
square-lattice structure of Sr2RuO4, and the dominant contribution to the
attenuation in Sr2RuO4 is found to be due to electrons in the gamma band. The
experimental data in the superconducting state is found to be inconsistent with
vertical lines nodes in the gap in either (100) or (110) planes. Also, a
general method, based on the use of symmetry, is developed to allow for the
analysis of ultrasonic attenuation experiments in superconductors in which the
electronic band structure is complicated or not known. Our results, both for
the normal-state anisotropy, and relating to the positions of the gap nodes in
the superconducting state, are different from those obtained from analyses
using a more traditional model for the electron-phonon interaction in terms of
an isotropic electron stress tensor. Also, a brief discussion of the ultrasonic
attenuation in UPt3 is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7455 </DOCNO>
Nucleation and Interfacial Coupling between Pure and Dirty Superfluid


  The nucleation of the first order phase transition of superfluid 3He-B from
superfluid 3He-A is quite remarkable since it requires a seed of the order of a
micron. We have studied this nucleation for 3He confined to a very dilute
silica aerogel. This dirty superfluid behaves in a manner similar to previous
reports for the pure superfluid. But we have discovered a novel magnetically
driven nucleation switch acting on the pure superfluid B-phase. Lastly, we find
the surprising result that the proximity effect between the pure and dirty
superfluids at their interface is insufficient to nucleate the B-phase in
either superfluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148523 </DOCNO>
M-theory on Manifolds of G_2 Holonomy and Type IIA Orientifolds


  We demonstrate that M-theory compactifications on 7-manifolds of G_2
holonomy, which yield 4d N=1 supersymmetric systems, often admit at special
loci in their moduli space a description as type IIA orientifolds. In this way,
we are able to find new dualities of special IIA orientifolds, including
dualities which relate orientifolds of IIA strings on manifolds of different
topology with different numbers of wrapped D-branes. We also discuss models
which incorporate, in a natural way, compact embeddings of gauge theory/gravity
dualities similar to those studied in the recent work of Atiyah, Maldacena and
Vafa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4509 </DOCNO>
The 3-SAT problem with large number of clauses in $\infty$-replica


  In this paper we analyze the structure of the UNSAT-phase of the
overconstrained 3-SAT model by studying the low temperature phase of the
associated disordered spin model. We derive the $\infty$ Replica Symmetry
Broken equations for a general class of disordered spin models which includes
the Sherrington - Kirkpatrick model, the Ising $p$-spin model as well as the
overconstrained 3-SAT model as particular cases. We have numerically solved the
$\infty$ Replica Symmetry Broken equations using a pseudo-spectral code down to
and including zero temperature. We find that the UNSAT-phase of the
overconstrained 3-SAT model is of the $\infty$-RSB kind: in order to get a
stable solution the replica symmetry has to be broken in a continuous way,
similarly to the SK model in external magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149796 </DOCNO>
Selected topics in integrable models


  In these talks, I discuss a few selected topics in integrable models that are
of interest from various points of view. Some open questions are also
described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85668 </DOCNO>
A rigidity theorem for nonvacuum initial data


  In this note we prove a theorem on non-vacuum initial data for general
relativity. The result presents a ``rigidity phenomenon'' for the extrinsic
curvature, caused by the non-positive scalar curvature.
  More precisely, we state that in the case of asymptotically flat non-vacuum
initial data if the metric has everywhere non-positive scalar curvature then
the extrinsic curvature cannot be compactly supported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83985 </DOCNO>
Integrating LabVIEW into a Distributed Computing Environment


  Being easy to learn and well suited for a self-contained desktop laboratory
setup, many casual programmers prefer to use the National Instruments LabVIEW
environment to develop their logic. An ActiveX interface is presented that
allows integration into a plant-wide distributed environment based on the
Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). This paper
discusses the design decisions and provides performance information, especially
considering requirements for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) diagnostics
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1966 </DOCNO>
Spin polarised injection in sexithienyl thin films


  Electroluminescence in organic semiconductors strongly depends on the
relative population of excited singlet and triplet excitonic states resulting
from recombination of injected carriers. In conventional organic light-emitting
diodes (OLED) optical emission is usually based on fluorescence from excited
singlet states1, although phosphorescence from triplets is also investigated2.
Governing the spin statistics of the injected carriers would open the way to
amplify a chosen electronic transition increasing therefore the OLED
efficiency. Direct injection of carriers with high degree of spin polarisation
along a given axis should lead to preferential population of either singlet or
triplet excited states, depending on the relative electrodes polarisation. Here
we report a first experimental evidence of direct spin polarised (SP) injection
in sexithienyl (T6), a prototypical organic semiconductor, from half-metallic
manganites. The spin penetration depth in T6 is about 250-300 nm at room
temperature. The results are discussed taking into account possible spin-flip
mechanisms in organic material and interface effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2334 </DOCNO>
Effect of electron irradiation on vortex dynamics in YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}


  We report on drastic change of vortex dynamics with increase of quenched
disorder: for rather weak disorder we found a single vortex creep regime, which
we attribute to a Bragg-glass phase, while for enhanced disorder we found an
increase of both the depinning current and activation energy with magnetic
field, which we attribute to entangled vortex phase. We also found that
introduction of additional defects always increases the depinning current, but
it increases activation energy only for elastic vortex creep, while it
decreases activation energy for plastic vortex creep.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2871 </DOCNO>
Branched Growth with $\eta \approx 4$ Walkers


  Diffusion-limited aggregation has a natural generalization to the
"$\eta$-models", in which $\eta$ random walkers must arrive at a point on the
cluster surface in order for growth to occur. It has recently been proposed
that in spatial dimensionality $d=2$, there is an upper critical $\eta_c=4$
above which the fractal dimensionality of the clusters is D=1. I compute the
first order correction to $D$ for $\eta <4$, obtaining $D=1+{1/2}(4-\eta)$. The
methods used can also determine multifractal dimensions to first order in
$4-\eta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4526 </DOCNO>
Photon Correlation Spectroscopy of a Single Quantum Dot


  We report photon correlation measurements that allow us to observe unique
signatures of biexcitons in a single self-assembled InAs quantum dot. Photon
correlation measurements of biexciton emission exhibit both bunching and
antibunching under continuous-wave excitation while only antibunching is
observed under pulsed excitation. Cross-correlation between biexciton and
single-exciton peaks reveal highly asymmetric features, demonstrating that
biexciton and exciton emissions have strong correlations due to cascaded
emission. The anticipated correlation between the polarization of exciton and
biexciton emissions however, is absent under our excitation conditions. Photon
correlation measurements also provide evidence for the identification of the
charged exciton emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81396 </DOCNO>
Screening Masses in Dimensionally Reduced (2+1)D Gauge Theory


  We discuss the screening masses and residue factorisation of the SU(3) (2+1)D
theory in the dimensional reduction formalism. The phase structure of the
reduced model is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2764 </DOCNO>
Vortex dynamics, pinning, and critical currents in a Ginzburg-Landau


  The dynamics of vortices in a type-II superconductor with defects are studied
by solving the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations in two and three
dimensions. We show that vortex flux tubes are trapped by volume defects up to
a critical current density where they begin to jump between pinning sites along
static flow channels. We study the dependence of the critical current on the
pinning distribution and find for random distributions a maximum critical
current equal to a few percent of the depairing current at a pinning density
three times larger than the vortex line density. Whereas for a regular
triangular pinning array, the critical current is significantly larger when the
pinning density matches the vortex line density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1464 </DOCNO>
Magnetic transport in a straight parabolic channel


  We study a charged two-dimensional particle confined to a straight
parabolic-potential channel and exposed to a homogeneous magnetic field under
influence of a potential perturbation $W$. If $W$ is bounded and periodic along
the channel, a perturbative argument yields the absolute continuity of the
bottom of the spectrum. We show it can have any finite number of open gaps
provided the confining potential is sufficiently strong. However, if $W$
depends on the periodic variable only, we prove by Thomas argument that the
whole spectrum is absolutely continuous, irrespectively of the size of the
perturbation. On the other hand, if $W$ is small and satisfies a weak
localization condition in the the longitudinal direction, we prove by Mourre
method that a part of the absolutely continuous spectrum persists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85915 </DOCNO>
Evaporation of a two-dimensional charged black hole


  We construct a dilatonic two-dimensional model of a charged black hole. The
classical solution is a static charged black hole, characterized by two
parameters, $m$ and $q$, representing the black hole's mass and charge. Then we
study the semiclassical effects, and calculate the evaporation rate of both $m$
and $q$, as a function of these two quantities. Analyzing this dynamical
system, we find two qualitatively different regimes, depending on the
electromagnetic coupling constant $g_{A}$. If the latter is greater than a
certain critical value, the charge-to-mass ratio decays to zero upon
evaporation. On the other hand, for $g_{A}$ smaller than the critical value,
the charge-to-mass ratio approaches a non-zero constant that depends on $g_{A}$
but not on the initial values of $m$ and $q$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179168 </DOCNO>
Erratum: Eur. Phy. J. C 10 (1999) 487 (Photon production in relativistic


  It has been shown recently shown that the values of $J_T$ and $J_L$ which
appear in Eq.(2) and (5) of the above paper and which are taken from the work
of Aurenche et al are too large by a factor of 4. Correcting for this changes
the Fig.~1--4. The basic result of the paper, that the emissions from the quark
matter can outshine those from the hadronic matter when the photon rates upto
two-loop level are used, remains valid though the range of $p_T$ over which it
happens is reduced to $p_T <$ 0.5, 1, and 2 GeV/$c$ respecitively at SPS, RHIC,
and LHC energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1451 </DOCNO>
Random-matrix ensembles in p-wave vortices


  In disordered vortices in p-wave superconductors the two new random-matrix
ensembles may be realized: B and DIII-odd (of so(2N+1) and so(4N+2)/u(2N+1)
matrices respectively). We predict these ensembles from an explicit analysis of
the symmetries of Bogoliubov-deGennes equations in three examples of vortices
with different p-wave order parameters. A characteristic feature of the novel
symmetry classes is a quasiparticle level at zero energy. Class B is realized
when the time-reversal symmetry is broken, and class DIII-odd when the
time-reversal symmetry is preserved. We also suggest that the main contribution
to disordering the vortex spectrum comes from the distortion of the order
parameter around impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 943 </DOCNO>
Free energy and molecular dynamics calculations for the cubic-tetragonal


  The high-temperature cubic-tetragonal phase transition of pure stoichiometric
zirconia is studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and within the
framework of the Landau theory of phase transformations. The interatomic forces
are calculated using an empirical, self-consistent, orthogonal tight-binding
(SC-TB) model, which includes atomic polarizabilities up to the quadrupolar
level. A first set of standard MD calculations shows that, on increasing
temperature, one particular vibrational frequency softens. The temperature
evolution of the free energy surfaces around the phase transition is then
studied with a second set of calculations. These combine the thermodynamic
integration technique with constrained MD simulations. The results seem to
support the thesis of a second-order phase transition but with unusual, very
anharmonic behaviour above the transition temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75858 </DOCNO>
Dispersion approach to quark-binding effects in weak decays of heavy


  Dispersion approach based on the constituent quark picture and its
applications to weak decays of heavy mesons are reviewed. Meson interaction
amplitudes are represented within this approach as relativistic spectral
integrals over the mass variables in terms of the meson wave functions and
spectral densities of the corresponding Feynman diagrams. Various applications
of this approach are discussed:
  Relativistic spectral representations for meson elastic and transition form
factors at spacelike momentum transfers are constructed. Form factors at
$q^2>0$ are obtained by the analytical continuation. As a result of this
procedure, form factors are given in the full $q^2$ range of the weak decay in
terms of the wave functions of the participating mesons.
  The 1/m_Q expansion of the obtained spectral representations for the form
factors for the particular limits of the heavy-to-heavy and heavy-to-light
transitions are analysed. Their full consistency with the constraints provided
by long-distance QCD for these limits is demonstrated. Predictions for form
factors for B, B(s), D, and D(s) decays to light mesons are given. The
B\to\gamma l\nu decay and the weak annihilation in rare radiative decays are
considered. Nonfactorizable corrections to the B^0-\bar B^0 mixing are
calculated. Inclusive weak B-decays are analysed and the differential
distributions are obtained in terms of the B-meson wave function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96992 </DOCNO>
Homotopy Ends and Thomason Model Categories


  In the last year of his life, Bob Thomason reworked the notion of a model
category, used to adapt homotopy theory to algebra, and used homotopy ends to
affirmatively solve a problem raised by Grothendieck: find a notion of model
structure which is inherited by functor categories. In this paper we explain
and prove Thomason's results, based on his private notebooks.
  The first half presents Thomason's ideas about homotopy ends and its
generalizations. This material may be of independent interest. Then we define
Thomason model categories and give some examples. The usual proof shows that
the homotopy category exists.
  In the last two sections we prove the main theorem: functor categories
inherit a Thomason model structure, at least when the original category is
enriched over simplicial sets and fibrations are preserved by limits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129251 </DOCNO>
Systematic Molecular Differentiation in Starless Cores


  (Abridged) We present evidence that low-mass starless cores, the simplest
units of star formation, are systematically differentiated in their chemical
composition. Molecules including CO and CS almost vanish near the core centers,
where the abundance decreases by one or two orders of magnitude. At the same
time, N2H+ has a constant abundance, and the fraction of NH3 increases toward
the core center. Our conclusions are based on a study of 5 mostly-round
starless cores (L1498, L1495, L1400K, L1517B, and L1544), which we have
mappedin C18O(1-0), C17O(1-0), CS(2-1), C34S(2-1), N2H+(1-0), NH3(1,1) and
(2,2), and the 1.2 mm continuum. For each core we have built a model that fits
simultaneously the radial profile of all observed emission and the central
spectrum for the molecular lines. The observed abundance drops of CO and CS are
naturally explained by the depletion of these molecules onto dust grains at
densities of 2-6 10^4 cm-3. N2H+ seems unaffected by this process up to
densities of several 10^5, while the NH3 abundance may be enhanced by reactions
triggered by the disappearance of CO from the gas phase. With the help of our
models, we show that chemical differentiation automatically explains the
discrepancy between the sizes of CS and NH3 maps, a problem which has remained
unexplained for more than a decade. Our models, in addition, show that a
combination of radiative transfer effects can give rise to the previously
observed discrepancy in the linewidth of these two tracers. Although this
discrepancy has been traditionally interpreted as resulting from a systematic
increase of the turbulent linewidth with radius, our models show that it can
arise in conditions of constant gas turbulence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128963 </DOCNO>
The Spectral Energy Distribution of the Seyfert galaxy Ton S180


  We present spectral results from a multi-satellite, broad-band campaign on
the Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Ton S180 performed at the end of 1999. We
discuss the spectral-energy distribution of the source, combining simultaneous
Chandra, ASCA and EUVE data with contemporaneous FUSE, HST, and ground-based
optical and infra-red data. The resulting SED shows that most of the energy is
emitted in the 10 -- 100 eV regime, which must be dominated by the primary
energy source. No spectral turnover is evident in the UV regime. This, the
strong soft X-ray emission, and the overall shape of the SED indicate that
emission from the accretion disk peaks between 15 and 100 eV. High resolution
FUSE spectra showing UV absorption due to O VI and the lack of detectable X-ray
absorption in the Chandra spectrum demonstrate the presence of a low column
density of highly ionized gas along our line-of-sight. The highly-ionized state
of the circumnuclear gas is most likely linked to the high luminosity and steep
spectrum of the active nucleus. Given the strong ionizing flux in Ton S180, it
is possible that the clouds within a few tens of light days of the central
source are too highly ionized to produce much line emission. Thus the narrow
width of the emission lines in Ton S180 is due to the emission arising from
large radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126753 </DOCNO>
Galactic Winds in Starburst Irregular Galaxies


  In this paper we present some results of numerical simulations concerning the
development of galactic winds in starburst galaxies. In particular, we focus on
a galaxy similar to IZw18, the most metal-poor galaxy locally known. We compute
the chemio-dynamical evolution of this galaxy, considering the energetic input
and the chemical yields originating from Supernovae (SNe) of Type II and Ia and
from intermediate-mass stars. We consider both single, instantaneous starburst
and two starbursts separated by a quiescent period. In all considered cases a
metal enriched winds develops and in particular the metals produced by Type Ia
SNe are ejected more efficiently than the other metals. We suggest that two
burst of star formation, the first being weaker and the last having an age of
some tenth of Myr, can satisfactorily reproduce the abundances and abundance
ratios found in literature for IZw18

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96717 </DOCNO>
Asymptotics of the heat equation with `exotic' boundary conditions or


  The heat trace asymptotics are discussed for operators of Laplace type with
Dirichlet, Robin, spectral, D/N, and transmittal boundary conditions. The heat
content asymptotics are discussed for operators with time dependent
coefficients and Dirichlet or Robin boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148949 </DOCNO>
Boundary Superstring Field Theory Annulus Partition Function in the


  We compute the Boundary Superstring Field Theory partition function on the
annulus in the presence of independent linear tachyon profiles on the two
boundaries. The R-R sector is found to contribute non-trivially to the
derivative terms of the space-time effective action. In the process we
construct a boundary state description of D-branes in the presence of a linear
tachyon. We quantize the open string in a tachyonic background and address the
question of open/closed string duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148880 </DOCNO>
Dirac-Born-Infeld action, Seiberg-Witten map, and Wilson Lines


  We write the recently conjectured action for transformation of the ordinary
Born-Infeld action under the Seiberg-Witten map with one open Wilson contour in
a manifestly non-commutative gauge invariant form. This action contains the
non-constant closed string fields, higher order derivatives of the
non-commutative gauge fields through the $*_N$-product, and a Wilson operator.
We extend this non-commutative $D_9$-brane action to the action for $D_p$-brane
by transforming it under T-duality. Using this non-commutative $D_p$-brane
action we then evaluate the linear couplings of the graviton and dilaton to the
brane for arbitrary non-commutative parameters. By taking the Seiberg-Witten
limit we show that they reduce exactly to the known results of the
energy-momentum tensor of the non-commutative super Yang-Mills theory. We take
this as an evidence that the non-commutative action in the Seiberg-Witten limit
includes properly all derivative correction terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125957 </DOCNO>
Auto-correlation of Binary stars


  Speckle interferometric technique is used to record a series of short
exposure images of several close binary stars with sub-arcsecond separation
through a narrow band filter centred at H$\alpha$ at the Cassegrain focus of
the 2.34 meter Vainu Bappu telescope (VBT), situated at Vainu Bappu Observatory
(VBO), Kavalur. The auto-correlation method is developed under Image Reduction
Analysis Facility (IRAF). Wiener filter is included in the programme to
eliminate spurious high frequency contributions; a few sets of data provide the
optimised results. The auto-correlated image of these stars gives the
separation of the binary components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169557 </DOCNO>
The q-deformed Jaynes-Cummings Model and its q-Supercoherent States


  In this paper, we have proposed a q-deformed Jaynes-Cummings(JC) model and
constructed the q-SuperCoherent States(q-SCSs) for the q-deformed JC model. We
have also discussed the properties of the q-supercoherent states and given the
completeness relation expression. The representation of the q-supercoherent
states for the q-deformed JC model is studied as well. PACS number(s): 03.65.Nk
Key Works: q-deformed JC model, q-supercoherent states,q-SCSs representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41629 </DOCNO>
Muon Dipole Moment Experiments: Interpretation and Prospects


  We examine the prospects for discovering new physics through muon dipole
moments. The current deviation in $g_{\mu}-2$ may be due entirely to the muon's
{\em electric} dipole moment. We note that the precession frequency in the
proposed BNL muon EDM experiment is also subject to a similar ambiguity, but
this can be resolved by up-down asymmetry measurements. We then review the
theoretical expectations for the muon's electric dipole moment in
supersymmetric models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75727 </DOCNO>
Cosmological structure problem of the ekpyrotic scenario


  We address the perturbation power spectrum generated in the recently proposed
ekpyrotic scenario by Khoury et al. The issue has been raised recently by Lyth
who used the conventional method based on a conserved variable in the
large-scale limit, and derived different results from Khoury et al. The
calculation is straightforward in the uniform-curvature gauge where the
generated blue spectrum with suppressed amplitude survives as the final
spectrum. Whereas, although the metric fluctuations become unimportant and a
scale-invariant spectrum is generated in the zero-shear gauge the mode does not
survive the bounce, thus with the same final result. Therefore, an exponential
potential leads to a power-law expansion/contraction $a \propto |t|^p$, and the
power $p$ dictates the final power spectra of both the scalar and tensor
structures. If $p \ll 1$ as one realization of the ekpyrotic scenario suggests,
the results are $n_S -1 \simeq 2 \simeq n_T$ and the amplitude of the scalar
perturbation is suppressed relative to the one of the gravitational wave by a
factor $\sqrt{p}/2$. Both results confirm Lyth's. An observation is made on the
constraint on the dynamics of the seed generating stage from the requirement of
scale-invariant spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 195 </DOCNO>
Carrier relaxation due to electron-electron interaction in coupled


  We calculate the electron-electron interaction induced energy-dependent
inelastic carrier relaxation rate in doped semiconductor coupled double quantum
well nanostructures within the two subband approximation at zero temperature.
In particular, we calculate, using many-body theory, the imaginary part of the
full self-energy matrix by expanding in the dynamically RPA screened Coulomb
interaction, obtaining the intrasubband and intersubband electron relaxation
rates in the ground and excited subbands as a function of electron energy. We
separate out the single particle and the collective excitation contributions,
and comment on the effects of structural asymmetry in the quantum well on the
relaxation rate. Effects of dynamical screening and Fermi statistics are
automatically included in our many body formalism rather than being
incorporated in an ad-hoc manner as one must do in the Boltzman theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99195 </DOCNO>
On universal and epi-universal locally nilpotent groups


  In this paper we mainly consider the class LN of all locally nilpotent
groups. We first show that there is no universal group in LN_lambda if lambda
is a cardinal such that lambda = lambda^{aleph_0}; here we call a group G
universal (in LN_lambda) if any group H in LN_lambda can be embedded into G
where LN_lambda denotes the class of all locally nilpotent groups of
cardinality at most lambda. However, our main interest is the construction of
torsion-free epi-universal groups in LN_lambda, where G in LN_lambda is said to
be epi-universal if any group H in LN_lambda is an epimorphic image of G. Thus
we give an affirmative answer to a question by Plotkin. To prove the
torsion-freeness of the constructed locally nilpotent group we adjust the
well-known commutator collecting process due to P. Hall to our situation.
Finally, we briefly discuss how to use the same methods as for the class LN for
other canonical classes of groups to construct epi-universal objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76841 </DOCNO>
Rare B decays beyond B-> Xs gamma


  I discuss recent progress in our understanding of exclusive rare and
semileptonic decays. I show the impact of HQET when combined with the
predictions in the Large Energy Limit of QCD, focusing first on applications to
$B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^+$. I also discuss the constraints on semileptonic
form-factors that appear in HQET/LEET with the use of radiative decay data, and
update these to include the effects of next-to-leading order contributions in
$B\to K^*\gamma$, as well as the latest data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174768 </DOCNO>
Inclusive Soft Pion Production from 12.3 and 17.5 GeV/c Protons on Be,


  Differential cross-sections are presented for the inclusive production of
charged pions in the momentum range 0.1 to 1.2 GeV/c in interactions of 12.3
and 17.5 GeV/c protons with Be, Cu, and Au targets. The measurements were made
by Experiment 910 at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron in Brookhaven
National Laboratory. The cross-sections are presented as a function of pion
total momentum and production polar angle $\theta$ with respect to the beam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4527 </DOCNO>
Theory of the cold collision frequency shift in 1S--2S spectroscopy of


  We show that a correct formulation of the cold collision frequency shift for
two photon spectroscopy of Bose-condensed and cold non-Bose-condensed hydrogen
is consistent with experimental data. Our treatment includes transport and
inhomogeneity into the theory of a non-condensed gas, which causes substantial
changes in the cold collision frequency shift for the ordinary thermal gas, as
a result of the very high frequency (3.9kHz) of transverse trap mode. For the
condensed gas, we find substantial corrections arise from the inclusion of
quasiparticles, whose number is very large because of the very low frequency
(10.2Hz) of the longitudinal trap mode. These two effects together account for
the apparent absence of a "factor of two" between the two possibilities.
  Our treatment considers only the Doppler-free measurements, but could be
extended to Doppler-sensitive measurements. For Bose-condensed hydrogen, we
predict a characteristic "foot" extending into higher detunings than can arise
from the condensate alone, as a result of a correct treatment of the statistics
of thermal quasiparticles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123729 </DOCNO>
IR spectra of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 during a low state


  There is controversy regarding the nature of the suspected donor star to the
microquasar GRS 1915+105, and hence whether GRS 1915+105 is a high mass X-ray
binary (HMXB) or a low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB). In order to clarify this
issue, we obtained an infrared (J, H and K) spectrum of GRS 1915+105 in its low
state which shows a steeper continuum than the prototype X-ray binary Sco X-1.
We did not detect any HeII emission at 2.189 microns from GRS 1915+105 in our
quiescent spectrum, indicating that the line is transient and is only observed
during episodes of high X-ray activity. For our instrument configuration, there
is no detection of the 12CO lines which are characteristic of late-type stars
either in GRS1915+105 or Sco X-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74320 </DOCNO>
Electroweak radiative corrections:Towards a full two-loop analysis


  In calculating electroweak radiative corrections at two-loop level, one
encounters Feynman graphs with several different masses on the internal
propagators and on the external legs, which lead to complicated scalar
functions. We describe a general analytic-numerical reduction scheme for
evaluating any two-loop diagrams with general kinematics and general
renormalizable interactions, whereby ten basic functions form a complete set
after tensor reduction. We illustrate this scheme by applying it to two- and
three-point functions. We discuss the treatment of infrared singularities
within this numerical approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114009 </DOCNO>
Properties of Elastic Waves in a non-Newtonian (Maxwell) Fluid-Saturated


  In paper I [Tsiklauri & Beresnev, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 63}, 046304 (2001)] we
analyzed resonance effects in the dynamics of a Maxwell fluid flowing through a
longitudinally vibrating tube and subject to oscillatory pressure gradient. We
calculated the function $F(\kappa)$ that measures the deviation from
Poisseuille flow friction as a function of frequency parameter $\kappa$. The
present study investigates novelties brought about into the classic Biot's
theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid by
inclusion of non-Newtonian effects that are important, for example, for
hydrocarbons. Namely, using our previous results, we have investigated the
propagation of rotational and dilatational elastic waves, through calculating
their phase velocities and attenuation coefficients as a function of frequency.
This study has clearly shown the transition from dissipative to non-Newtonian
regime in which sharp enhancements (resonances) of the above mentioned physical
quantities are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169288 </DOCNO>
Temporal Windowing of Trapped States


  Trapped state definition for 3-level atoms in Lambda configuration, is a very
restrictive one, and for the case of unpolarized beams, this definition no
longer holds.We introduce a more general definition by using a reference frame
rotating with the frequency of the control field, obtaining a temporal
windowing for the trapped population.This amounts to a time quantization of the
coherent population transfer, making possible to study the phase coherence in
trapped light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129579 </DOCNO>
A Re-examination of the "Planetary" Lensing Events in M22


  We have carried out further analysis of the tentative, short-term
brightenings reported by Sahu et al. (2001), which were suggested to be
possible lensings of Galactic-bulge stars by free-floating planets in the
globular cluster M22. Closer examination shows that--unlikely as it may
seem--small, point-like cosmic rays had hit very close to the same star in both
of a pair of cosmic-ray-split images, which cause the apparent brightenings of
stars at the times and locations reported. We show that the observed number of
double hits is consistent with the frequency of cosmic rays in WFPC2 images,
given the number of stars and epochs observed. Finally, we point to ways in
which cosmic rays can be more directly distinguished.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72639 </DOCNO>
MSW mediated neutrino decay and the solar neutrino problem


  We investigate the solar neutrino problem assuming simultaneous presence of
MSW transitions in the sun and neutrino decay on the way from sun to earth. We
do a global $\chi^2$-analysis of the data on total rates in Cl, Ga and
Superkamiokande (SK) experiments and the SK day-night spectrum data and
determine the changes in the allowed region in the $\dm - \tan^2\theta$ plane
in presence of decay. We also discuss the implications for unstable neutrinos
in the SNO experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73534 </DOCNO>
Out-of-equilibrium phenomena in high energy nuclear collisions


  In the first part we study the possibility that a Disoriented Chiral
Condensate (DCC) forms when hot hadronic matter is quenched, using the linear
sigma model. We formulate an original sampling strategy for the initial field
configuration in order to get an estimate of the probability that a potentially
observable coherent pion field appears in a heavy-ion collision. We obtain a
probability of the order of 1/1000 at CERN SPS energies. Next, we study the
correlation between isospin orientations of the distinct modes of the pion
field emerging after a quench. We show that this correlation is absent: the
distinct modes behave as distinct DCCs. This contradicts the common belief that
the state produced in the simplest form of the quench scenario - with a fully
thermalized initial state - is identical to the originally proposed DCC. In the
second part, we investigate the role of elastic scatterings in the process of
kinetic equilibration of gluons produced in the very early times of the
collision. We compare the two available scenarios describing the initial
conditions: saturation and minijet production. We treat the elastic processes
in the small scattering angle limit and work in the relaxation time
approximation. By measuring the isotropy of different observables as a function
of time, we show that the usual assumption that elastic collisions are
efficient enough to rapidly achieve kinetic equilibrium is not reliable. Due to
the longitudinal expansion at early times, the actual equilibration time is an
order of magnitude bigger than the typical 1 fm estimate usually assumed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149495 </DOCNO>
Topological defects as inhomogeneous condensates in Quantum Field


  We study topological defects as inhomogeneous (localized) condensates of
particles in Quantum Field Theory. In the framework of the Closed-Time-Path
formalism, we consider explicitly a $(1+1)$ dimensional $\la \psi^4$ model and
construct the Heisenberg picture field operator $\psi$ in the presence of
kinks. We show how the classical kink solutions emerge from the vacuum
expectation value of such an operator in the Born approximation and/or $\la \to
0$ limit. The presented method is general in the sense that applies also to the
case of finite temperature and to non-equilibrium; it also allows for the
determination of Green's functions in the presence of topological defects. We
discuss the classical kink solutions at $T\neq 0$ in the high temperature
limit. We conclude with some speculations on the possible relevance of our
method for the description of the defect formation during symmetry-breaking
phase transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168026 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependence of the Casimir force between real metals:


  We investigate the Casimir force acting between real metals at nonzero
temperature. It is shown that the zero-frequency term of Lifshitz formula has
interpretation problem in the case of real metal described by Drude model. It
happens because the scattering theory underlying Lifshitz formula is not well
formulated when the dielectric permittivity takes account of dissipation. To
give the zeroth term of Lifshitz formula the definite meaning different
prescriptions were used recently by different authors with diversed results.
These results are shown to be improper and in disagreement with experiment and
the general physical requirements. We propose the new prescription which is a
generalization of Schwinger, DeRaad and Milton recipe formulated earlier for
ideal metals. On this base the detailed numerical and analytical computations
of the temperature Casimir force are performed in configuration of two plane
plates and a spherical lens (sphere) above a plate. The corrections due to
nonzero temperature and finite conductivity found in the paper are in agreement
with the limiting case of perfect metal and fit all experimental and
theoretical requirements. Among other facts, the previous results obtained in
frames of plasma model are confirmed. It appears they are the limiting case of
Drude model computations when the relaxation parameter goes to zero. The
comparison with the Casimir force acting between dielectric test bodies is
made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73891 </DOCNO>
The Effective Fine Structure Constant at TESLA Energies


  We present a new estimate of the hadronic contribution to the shift in the
fine structure constant at LEP and TESLA energies and calculate the effective
fine structure constant. Substantial progress in a precise determination of
this important parameter is a consequence of substantially improved total cross
section measurements by the BES II collaboration and an improved theoretical
understanding. In the standard approach which relies to a large extend on
experimental data we find $\Delta \al_{\rm hadrons}^{(5)}(\mz) = 0.027896 \pm
0.000395$ which yields $\alpha^{-1}(\mz) = 128.907 \pm 0.054$. Another
approach, using the Adler function as a tool to compare theory and experiment,
allows us to to extend the applicability of perturbative QCD in a controlled
manner. The result in this case reads $\Delta\alpha^{(5)}_{\rm had}(M_Z^2) =
0.027730 \pm 0.000209$ and hence $\alpha^{-1}(\mz) = 128.930 \pm 0.029$. At
TESLA energies a new problem shows up with the definition of an effective
charge. A possible solution of the problem is presented. Prospects for further
progress in a precise determination of the effective fine structure constant
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2656 </DOCNO>
Surface electronic structure of Sr2RuO4


  We have addressed the possibility of surface ferromagnetism in Sr2RuO4 by
investigating its surface electronic states by angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy (ARPES). By cleaving samples under different conditions and using
various photon energies, we have isolated the surface from the bulk states. A
comparison with band structure calculations indicates that the ARPES data are
most readily explained by a nonmagnetic surface reconstruction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75848 </DOCNO>
New interpretation to zitterbewegung


  In previous investigations on zitterbewegung(zbw) of electron, it is believed
that the zbw results from some internal motion of electron. However, all the
analyses are made at relativistic quantum mechanical level. In framework of
quantum field theory (QFT), we find that the origin of zbw is different from
previous conclusion. Especially, some new interesting conclusions are derived
at this level: 1) the zbw arises from the rapid to-and-fro polarization of the
vacuum in the range of the Compton wavelength (divided by $4\pi$) of the
electron, which offer the four-dimensional(4D) spin and intrinsic
electromagnetic-moment tensor to the electron; 2) Any attempt that attributes
spin (rather than double the spin) of the electron to some kind of orbital
angular momentum would not be successful; 3) the macroscopic classical speed of
the Dirac vacuum medium vanish in all inertial systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98803 </DOCNO>
Bogolyubov Measure in Quantum Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics


  Application of the functional integration methods in equilibrium statistical
mechanics of quantum Bose-systems is considered. We show that Gibbs equilibrium
averages of Bose-operators can be represented as path integrals over a special
Gauss measure defined in the corresponding space of continuous functions. This
measure arises in the Bogolyubov T-product approach and is non-Wiener. We
consider problems related to integration with respect to the Bogolyubov measure
in the space of continuous functions and calculate some functional integrals
with respect to this measure. Approximate formulas that are exact for
functional polynomials of a given degree and also some formulas that are exact
for integrable functionals belonging to a broader class are constructed. We
establish the nondifferentiability of the Bogolyubov trajectories in the
corresponding function space and prove a theorem on the quadratic variation of
trajectories and study the properties implied by this theorem for the scale
transformations. We construct some examples of semigroups related to the
Bogolyubov measure. Independent increments are found for this measure. We
consider the relation between the Bogolyubov measure and parabolic partial
differential equations. An inequality for some traces is proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7287 </DOCNO>
Induced Ferromagnetism and Colossal Magnetoresistance by Ir-Doping in


  The doping of the manganese site by iridium (up to 15%) in the small A cation
manganites Pr_{1-x}Ca_xMnO_3 (0.4 < x < 0.8), has been investigated as a new
method to suppress charge-ordering and induce CMR effects. Ir doping leads to
ferromagnetism and to insulator to metal transitions, with high transition
temperatures reaching 180K and CMR ratio in 7T as large as 10^4. The efficiency
with which iridium induces ferromagnetism and CMR is compared to previous
results obtained with other substitutions (Ru, Rh, Ni, Cr, ...). The ionic
radius of the foreign cations and their mixed-valencies are found to be the
main parameters governing the ability to collapse the charge-ordered state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72409 </DOCNO>
Massive constituent quarks and unified description of freeze-out


  The possibility of unified description of hadron multiple production in heavy
ion collisions over the wide energy interval, from few hundreds MeV/n at
GSI/SIS through 11 GeV/n at BNL/AGS up to 160 GeV/n at CERN/SPS, has been
emphasized recently by J. Cleymans and K. Redlich. They, and somewhat later B.
Muller and J. Rafelski, treated this fact as an indication that quark-gluon
plasma (QGP) can be produced even at very low energies of impinging nuclei. In
our opinion, it rather witnesses that a massive constituent quark (valon) - not
massless current quark and gluon! - is just what becomes "quite easily" to be
unbound, and thus supports the expectation that in course of compression and
heating from hadronic state to QGP (or, vice versa, of expansion and cooling
down from QGP to hadronic state) nuclear matter should pass through an
intermediate phase in between.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4891 </DOCNO>
The Field-Tuned Superconductor-Insulator Transition with and without


  The magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition has been studied
in ultrathin Beryllium films quench-condensed near 20 K. In the zero-current
limit, a finite-size scaling analysis yields the scaling exponent product vz =
1.35 +/- 0.10 and a critical sheet resistance R_{c} of about 1.2R_{Q}, with
R_{Q} = h/4e^{2}. However, in the presence of dc bias currents that are smaller
than the zero-field critical currents, vz becomes 0.75 +/- 0.10. This new set
of exponents suggests that the field-tuned transitions with and without dc bias
currents belong to different universality classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40952 </DOCNO>
ep Physics at High Q-squared


  This article summarizes a talk presented at the SLAC Summer Institute 2000,
SLAC, Stanford, USA.
  The HERA ep collider allows the measurement of the proton structure and tests
of the Standard Model in a large region of phase space that has not been
accessible before. Such tests provide the framework for the H1 and ZEUS
Collaborations to look for physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74829 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Evolution in a Type-0 String Theory


  We study the cosmological evolution of a type-0 string theory by employing
non-criticality, which may be induced by fluctuations of the D3 brane worlds.
We check the consistency of the approach to O(alpha ') in the corresponding
sigma-model. The ten-dimensional theory is reduced to an effective
four-dimensional model, with only time dependent fields. We show that the
four-dimensional universe has an inflationary phase and graceful exit from it,
while the other extra dimensions are stabilized to a constant value, with the
fifth dimension much larger than the others. We pay particular attention to
demonstrating the role of tachyonic matter in inducing these features. The
Universe asymptotes, for large times, to a non-accelerating linearly-expanding
Universe with a time-dependent dilaton and a relaxing to zero vacuum energy a
la quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114083 </DOCNO>
Additional selection rule for some emission, photoexcitation and Auger


  Concentration of the strongest transitions on the high-energy side of some
emission, photoexcitation and Auger spectra of atoms is related with the
existence of the additional selection rule for the number of vacancy-electron
pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5753 </DOCNO>
Compressibility Divergence and Mott Endpoints


  In the context of the dynamical mean field theory of the Hubbard model, we
study the compressibility near the density driven Mott transition at finite
temperatures. We demonstrate this divergence using dynamical mean field theory
and Quantum Monte Carlo simulations in the one band and the two band Hubbard
model. We supplement this result with considerations based on the Landau theory
framework and discuss the relevance of our results to the alpha-gamma endpoint
in Cerium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97028 </DOCNO>
Complex Structures in Electrodynamics


  In this paper we show that the basic external (i.e. not determined by the
equations) object in Classical electrodynamics equations is a complex
structure. In the 3-dimensional standard form of Maxwell equations this complex
structure $\mathcal{I}$ participates implicitly in the equations and its
presence is responsible for the so called duality invariance. We give a new
form of the equations showing explicitly the participation of $\mathcal{I}$. In
the 4-dimensional formulation the complex structure is extracted directly from
the equations, it appears as a linear map $\Phi$ in the space of 2-forms on
$\mathbb{R}^4$. It is shown also that $\Phi$ may appear through the
equivariance properties of the new formulation of the theory. Further we show
how this complex structure $\Phi$ combines with the Poincare isomorphism
$\mathfrak{P}$ between the 2-forms and 2-tensors to generate all well known and
used in the theory (pseudo)metric constructions on $\mathbb{R}^4$, and to
define the conformal symmetry properties. The equations of Extended
Electrodynamics (EED) do not also need these pseudometrics as beforehand
necessary structures. A new formulation of the EED equations in terms of a
generalized Lie derivative is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72771 </DOCNO>
Electroweak Sudakov corrections at 2 loop level


  In processes at the energy much higher than electroweak scale, weak boson
mass act as the infrared cutoff in weak boson loops and resulting Sudakov log
corrections can be as large as 10%. Since electroweak theory is off-diagonally
broken gauge theory, its IR structure is quite different from that of QCD. We
briefly review recent developments on electroweak Sudakov and discuss on the
exponentiation of Sudakov double logs and explicit 2 loop calculations in
Feynman gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74042 </DOCNO>
Multiple-Scale Analysis and Renormalization of Quenched Second Order


  A quenched second order phase transition is modeled by an effective
$\Phi^4$-theory with a time-dependent Hamiltonian $\hat{H} (t)$, whose symmetry
is broken spontaneously in time. The quantum field evolves out of equilibrium
(nonequilibrium) during the phase transition as the density operator
significantly deviates from $\hat{\rho} (t) = e^{- \beta \hat{H} (t)}/Z_H$. The
recently developed Liouville-von Neumann (LvN) method provides various quantum
states for the phase transition in terms of a complex solution to the
mean-field equation, which is equivalent to the Gaussian effective potential in
the static case and to the time-dependent Hartree-Fock equation in the
nonequilibrium case. Using the multiple scale perturbation theory (MSPT) we
solve analytically the mean-field equation to the first order of coupling
constant and find the quantum states during the quenched second order phase
transition. We propose a renormalization scheme during the process of phase
transition to regularize the divergences, which originate from the mode
coupling between hard and hard modes or between the soft and hard modes. The
effect of mode coupling is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76547 </DOCNO>
Nonlocal operators and distribution amplitudes of definite twist,


  The decomposition of nonlocal operators (and of their matrix elements) into
an (infinite) series w.r.t. geometric twist is used to introduce (new) parton
distributions, generalized parton distributions and hadron wave functions of
definite twist. Their comparision with the conventional distributions (of
definite dynamical twist) leads to Wandzura-Wilczek like relations,
Burkhardt-Cottingham like sum rules and allows for power corrections of the
various distribution amplitudes. Some general aspects are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148443 </DOCNO>
(Non-)perturbative tests of the AdS/CFT correspondence


  I summarize perturbative and non-perturbative field theory tests of the
holographic correspondence between type IIB superstring on AdS_5xS^5 and N=4
SYM theory. The holographic duality between D-instantons and YM instantons is
briefly described. Non renormalization of two- and three-point functions of
CPO's and their extremal and next-to-extremal correlators are then reviewed.
Finally, partial non-renormalization of four-point functions of lowest CPO's is
analyzed in view of the interpretation of short distance logarithmic behaviours
in terms of anomalous dimensions of unprotected operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73871 </DOCNO>
Observation of $Au + Au \to Au + Au + \rho^0$ and $Au + Au \to Au^* +


  We report the first observation of the reactions $Au + Au \to Au + Au +
\rho^0$ and $Au + Au \to Au^* + Au^* + \rho^0$ with the STAR detector. The
$\rho$ are produced at small perpendicular momentum, as expected if they couple
coherently to both nuclei. We discuss models of vector meson production and the
correlation with nuclear breakup, and present a fundamental test of quantum
mechanics that is possible with the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74587 </DOCNO>
No cosmological domain wall problem for weakly coupled fields


  After inflation occurs, a weakly coupled scalar field will in general not be
in thermal equilibrium but have a distribution of values determined by the
inflationary Hubble parameter. If such a field subsequently undergoes discrete
symmetry breaking, then the different degenerate vacua may not be equally
populated so the domain walls which form will be `biased' and the wall network
will subsequently collapse. Thus the cosmological domain wall problem may be
solved for sufficiently weakly coupled fields in a post-inflationary universe.
We quantify the criteria for determining whether this does happen, using a
Higgs-like potential with a spontaneously broken $Z_2$ symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 428 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensates in the Large Gas Parameter Regime


  Bose-Einstein condensates of 10$^4$ $^{85}$Rb atoms in a cylindrical trap are
studied using a recently proposed modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The
existence of a Feshbach resonance allows for widely tuning the scattering
length of the atoms, and values of the peak gas parameter, $x_{pk}$, of the
order of 10$^{-2}$ can be attained. We find large differences between the
results of the modified Gross-Pitaevskii and of the standard Thomas-Fermi, and
Gross-Pitaevskii equations in this region. The column densities at $z=0$ may
differ by as much as $\sim 30%$ and the half maximum radius by $\sim 20%$. The
scattering lengths estimated by fitting the half maximum radius within
different approaches can differ by $\sim 40%$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96356 </DOCNO>
Binary Fluids with Long Range Segregating Interaction I: Derivation of


  We study the evolution of a two component fluid consisting of ``blue'' and
``red'' particles which interact via strong short range (hard core) and weak
long range pair potentials. At low temperatures the equilibrium state of the
system is one in which there are two coexisting phases. Under suitable choices
of space-time scalings and system parameters we first obtain (formally) a
mesoscopic kinetic Vlasov-Boltzmann equation for the one particle position and
velocity distribution functions, appropriate for a description of the phase
segregation kinetics in this system. Further scalings then yield Vlasov-Euler
and incompressible Vlasov-Navier-Stokes equations. We also obtain, via the
usual truncation of the Chapman-Enskog expansion, compressible
Vlasov-Navier-Stokes equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179153 </DOCNO>
Tensor Analyzing Power and Current Conservation in the d+p->3He+g


  The tensor analyzing power in p+ \vec{d} radiative capture is investigated in
a covariant and gauge invariant approach.The results of the present calculation
are compared with those of other theoretical approaches and with experiment.
Predictions for Ayy at Ed = (150-350) MeV are given. At forward and backward
angles T20, T22 and Ayy are sensitive to the effects of current conservation.
The interplay between effects coming from the nuclear and current structures is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41577 </DOCNO>
Simulation of the CERN-SPS crystal extraction experiment


  Simulation of the CERN crystal-extraction experiments at the SPS, including
the real crystal geometry and SPS parameters, as well as multiple turns and
passes, has been performed. Two crystals with different geometry have been
tried. We argue that in both cases the extraction experiment suffered from the
crystal edge imperfection. For the experimental conditions reproduced, the
efficiency of the first (twisted) crystal was found to be 12-18% (peak) in the
angular range of 140-260 microrad (FWHM), depending on the vertical beam
position at the crystal location. For the second (U-shaped) crystal the peak
efficiency was much the same, ~19%, while the angular scan FWHM reduced to 70
microrad. These results, as well as the beam profiles, are in agreement with
measurements. Finally we suggest some ways to advance this experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97990 </DOCNO>
Clairvoyant scheduling of random walks


  Two infinite walks on the same finite graph are called compatible if it is
possible to introduce delays into them in such a way that they never collide.
About 10 years ago, Peter Winkler asked the question: for which graphs are two
independent walks compatible with positive probability. Up to now, no such
graphs were found. We show in this paper that large complete graphs have this
property. The question is equivalent to a certain dependent percolation with a
power-law behavior: the probability that the origin is blocked at distance n
but not closer decreases only polynomially fast and not, as usual,
exponentially.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113572 </DOCNO>
Compositional representation of protein sequences and the number of


  An amino acid sequence of a protein may be decomposed into consecutive
overlapping strings of length K. How unique is the converse, i.e.,
reconstruction of amino acid sequences using the set of K-strings obtained in
the decomposition? This problem may be transformed into the problem of counting
the number of Eulerian loops in an Euler graph, though the well-known formula
must be modified. By exhaustive enumeration and by using the modified formula
we show that the reconstruction is unique at K equal or greater than 5 for an
overwhelming majority of the proteins in the PDB.seq database. The
corresponding Euler graphs provide a means to study the structure of repeated
segments in protein sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97649 </DOCNO>
Groups of diffeomorphisms of one-manifolds, III: Nilpotent subgroups


  Plante-Thurston proved that every nilpotent subgroup of $\Diff^2(S^1)$ is
abelian. One of our main results is a sharp converse: $\Diff^1(S^1)$ contains
every finitely-generated, torsion-free nilpotent group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83817 </DOCNO>
Routing Permutations in Partitioned Optical Passive Star Networks


  It is shown that a POPS network with g groups and d processors per group can
efficiently route any permutation among the n=dg processors. The number of
slots used is optimal in the worst case, and is at most the double of the
optimum for all permutations p such that p(i)<>i for all i.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124168 </DOCNO>
Detection of C$_{3}$ in Diffuse Interstellar Clouds


  The smallest polyatomic carbon chain, C$_{3}$, has been identified in
interstellar clouds (A$_{v}\sim$1 mag) towards $\zeta$ Ophiuchi, 20 Aquilae,
and $\zeta$ Persei by detection of the origin band in its
$A^{1}\Pi_{u}-X^{1}\Sigma^{+}_{g}$ electronic transition, near 4052\AA.
Individual rotational lines were resolved up to $J$=30 enabling the rotational
level column densities and temperature distributions to be determined. The
inferred limits for the total column densities ($\sim$1 to 2$\times10^{12}$
cm$^{-2}$) offer a strong incentive to laboratory and astrophysical searches
for the longer carbon chains. Concurrent searches for C$_2^{+}$, C$_2^{-}$ and
C$_3^{-}$ were negative but provide sensitive estimates for their maximum
column densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2081 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of Nuclear Spin Superradiance by Electron Resonator


  Superradiance of nuclear spins is considered, when the nuclei interact via
hyperfine forces with electrons of a ferromagnet. The consideration is based on
a microscopic model. If the sample, coupled with a resonant electric circuit,
possesses electronic magnetization, then the electron subsystem plays the role
of an additional effective resonator, by enhancing the coupling between nuclear
spins and the resonant circuit. Radiation power can be increased by three
orders, while the radiation time of a superradiance burst can become three
times shorter. In the presence of dynamic nuclear polarization, the regime of
pulsing superradiance can occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 395 </DOCNO>
Pseudogap Phenomena and Phase Diagram in the 2-Band Hubbard Model


  High-Tc superconducting materials (HTSC) have anomalous properties such as
the pseudo-gap or spin-gap etc., in Hall coefficient, 1/T1T and the density of
states etc. First including effects of strong on-site repulsion between
d-electrons at Cu-sites, we obtain quasi-particles with super-exchange
interaction Js, whose band width tends to zero, i.e., the system goes to
insulator, as the hole-doping rate tends to zero. The quasi-particles
correspond to Zhang-Rice singlet states. Js larger than the band width combined
with the 2-dimensional character of the system induces strong
antiferro-magnetic (AF) and superconducting (SC) fluctuations. We treat effects
of the AF ones in the FLEX approximation and those of the SC ones in the
self-consistent t-matrix approximation to show that both fluctuations in the
under-doped region start to increase at T0 as T decreases from T>>Tc, the AF
ones dominate the SC ones at T>Tsg, while SC ones dominate at T<Tsg. This
cross-over of the fluctuations causes the anomalous phenomena in the
under-doped region. We also obtain the phase diagram of HTSC consistent to one
observed in experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127729 </DOCNO>
Physical Implications of the X-ray Properties of Galaxy Groups and


  Within the standard framework of structure formation, where clusters and
groups of galaxies are built up from the merging of smaller systems, the
physical properties of the intracluster medium, such as the gas temperature and
the total X-ray luminosity, are predicted to possess well defined self-similar
scaling relations. Observed clusters and groups, however, show strong
deviations from these predicted relations. We argue that these deviations are
unlikely to be entirely due to observational biasses; we assume they are
physically based, due to the presence of excess entropy in the intracluster
medium in addition to that generated by accretion shocks during the formation
of the cluster. Several mechanisms have been suggested as a means of generating
this entropy. Focussing on those mechanisms that preheat the gas before it
becomes a constituent of the virialized cluster environment, we present a
simple, intuitive, physically motivated, analytic model that successfully
captures the important physics associated with the accretion of high entropy
gas onto group and cluster-scale systems. We use the model to derive the new
relationships between the observable properties of clusters and groups of
galaxies, as well as the evolution of these relations. These include the
luminosity-temperature and luminosity-$\sigma$ relations, as well as the
temperature distribution function and X-ray luminosity function. These
properties are found to be a more accurate description of the observations than
those predicted from the standard framework. Future observations will that
further test the efficacy of the preheated gas scenario are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148170 </DOCNO>
Product Integrals and Wilson loops


  Using product integrals we review the unambiguous mathematical representation
of Wilson line and Wilson loop operators, including their behavior under gauge
transformations and the non-abelian Stokes theorem. Interesting consistency
conditions among Wilson lines are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 107 </DOCNO>
The nuclear quadrupole moment of 57Fe from microscopic nuclear and


  The nuclear quadrupole moment of the I=3/2- excited nuclear state of 57Fe at
14.41 keV, important in M\"ossbauer spectroscopy, is determined from the
large-scale nuclear shell-model calculations for 57Fe and also from the
electronic ab initio and density functional theory calculations including solid
state and electron correlation effects for the molecules Fe(CO)_5 and Fe(C_5
H_5)_2. Both independent methods yield very similar results. The recommended
value is 0.16(1) eb. The NQM of the isomeric 10+ in 54Fe has also been
calculated. The new value (0.5 eb), consistent with the perturbed angular
distribution data, is by a factor of two larger than the currently recommended
value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87307 </DOCNO>
Warped Solitonic Deformations and Propagation of Black Holes in 5D


  In this paper we use the anholonomic frames method \cite{vtheorem,v} to
construct exact solutions for vacuum 5D gravity with metrics having
off-diagonal components. The solutions are in general anisotropic and possess
interesting features such as an anisotropic warp factor with respect to the
extra dimension, or a gravitational scaling/running of some of the physical
parameters associated with the solutions. A certain class of solutions are
found to describe Schwarzschild black holes which ``solitonically'' propagate
in spacetime. The solitonic character of these black hole solutions arises from
the embedding of a 3D soliton configuration (e.g. the soliton solutions
to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvily or sine-Gordon equations) into certain ansatz
functions of the 5D metric. These solitonic solutions may either violate or
preserve local Lorentz invariance. In addition there is a connection between
these solutions and noncommutative field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98359 </DOCNO>
La filtration de Krull de la categorie U et la cohomologie des espaces


  Paper written in French -- English abstract:
  This paper proves a particular case of a conjecture of N. Kuhn. This
conjecture is as follows. Consider the Gabriel-Krull filtration of the category
U of unstable modules.
  Let U_n, n>=0, be the n-th step of this filtration. The category U is the
smallest thick sub-category that contains all sub-categories U_n and is stable
under colimit [L. Schwartz, Unstable modules over the Steenrod algebra and
Sullivan's fixed point set conjecture, Chicago Lectures in Mathematics Series
(1994)]. The category U_0 is the one of locally finite modules, i.e. the
modules that are direct limit of finite modules. The conjecture is as follows,
let X be a space then :
  * either H^*X is locally finite, * or H^*X does not belong to U_n, for all n.
  As an example the cohomology of a finite space, or of the loop space of a
finite space are always locally finite. On the other side the cohomology of the
classifying space of a finite group whose order is divisible by 2 does belong
to any sub-category U_n. One proves this conjecture, modulo the additional
hypothesis that all quotients of the nilpotent filtration are finitely
generated. This condition is used when applying N. Kuhn's reduction of the
problem. It is necessary to do it to be allowed to apply Lannes' theorem on the
cohomology of mapping spaces.[N. Kuhn, On topologically realizing modules over
the Steenrod algebra, Ann. of Math. 141 (1995) 321-347].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123840 </DOCNO>
Radio jets and diffuse X-ray emission around the peculiar galaxy pair


  We report Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) radio-continuum and ROSAT
PSPC X-ray observations of the region surrounding the peculiar galaxy pair ESO
295-IG022, lying at the centre of the poor cluster Abell S0102. We identify a
radio galaxy coincident with the galaxy pair, with bipolar, bent radio jets
appearing centred on the southern galaxy, and extending both to the south, for
about 95 arcseconds (approximately 100 kpc at the distance of ESO 295-IG022),
and to the north, for approximately 80 arcseconds, encompassing the northern
galaxy. We discuss also the idea of an additional single jet structure from the
northern galaxy contributing to the emission. We estimate lower limit jet
velocities of at least 1000 km/s, and a relative proper velocity for the
southern galaxy through the cluster of around 200 km/s. Diffuse (kT=2.2 keV)
X-ray emission consistent with group or poor cluster emission is seen centred
on the southern galaxy surrounding the galaxy pair and the associated radio
jets. Structure within the radio jets and the X-ray emission is very suggestive
of there being some channeling of the radio emission with the surrounding
intragroup medium. Another bipolar jet radio galaxy, discovered close by, is
likely to be a background object, the optical counterpart having a magnitude
greater than m=22.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98000 </DOCNO>
A proof of Atiyah's conjecture on configurations, of four points in


  From any configuration of finitely many points in Euclidean three-space,
Atiyah constructed a determinant and conjectured that it was always non-zero.
Atiyah and Sutcliffe (hep-th/0105179) amass a great deal of evidence it its
favour. In this article we prove the conjecture for the case of four points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74992 </DOCNO>
$\Delta M_s/\Delta M_d$, $\sin 2\beta$ and the angle $\gamma$ in the


  We present formulae for the mass differences $\Delta M_d$ and $\Delta M_s$ in
the \BBds systems and for the CP violation parameter $\epsilon$ which are valid
in minimal flavour violation models giving rise to new four-fermion $\Delta
F=2$ operators. Short distance contributions to $\Delta M_s$, $\Delta M_d$ and
$\epsilon$ are parameterized by three {\it real} functions $F^s_{tt}$,
$F^d_{tt}$ and $F^\epsilon_{tt}$, respectively ($F^s_{tt} = F^d_{tt} =
F^\epsilon_{tt}$ holds only if the Standard Model $(V-A) \otimes (V-A)$
operators dominate). We present simple strategies involving the ratio $\Delta
M_s/\Delta M_d$, $\sin2\beta$ and $\gamma$ that allow to search for the effects
of the new operators. We point out that their sizable contributions to the
ratio $\Delta M_s/\Delta M_d$ would in principle allow $\gamma$ to be larger
than $90^\circ$. Constraints on the functions $F^i_{tt}$ imposed by the present
(and future) experimental data are also discussed. As an example we show that
for large $\tan\bar\beta\equiv v_2/v_1$ and $H^+$ not too heavy, $F^s_{tt}$ in
the MSSM with heavy sparticles can be substantially smaller than in the SM due
the charged Higgs box contributions and in particular due to the growing like
$\tan^4\bar\beta$ contribution of the double penguin diagrams involving neutral
Higgs boson exchanges. As a result the bounds on the function $F^s_{tt}$ can be
violated which allows to exclude large mixing of stops. In this scenario the
range of $\sin2\beta$ following from $\epsilon$ and $\Delta M_d$ is identical
to the SM ones ($0.5<\sin 2\beta<0.8$). On the other hand $\gamma$ following
from $\Delta M_s/\Delta M_d$ is lower.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6021 </DOCNO>
Riemannian geometry of irrotational vortex acoustics


  We consider acoustic propagation in an irrotational vortex, using the
technical machinery of differential geometry to investigate the ``acoustic
geometry'' that is probed by the sound waves. The acoustic space-time curvature
of a constant circulation hydrodynamical vortex leads to deflection of phonons
at appreciable distances from the vortex core. The scattering angle for phonon
rays is shown to be quadratic in the small quantity $\Gamma/(2\pi cb)$, where
$\Gamma$ is the vortex circulation, $c$ the speed of sound, and $b$ the impact
parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73963 </DOCNO>
A Brief Comment on "The Pyrotechnic Universe"


  We respond to the criticisms by Kallosh, Kofman and Linde concerning our
proposal of the ekpyrotic universe scenario. We point out a number of errors in
their considerations and argue that, at this stage, the ekpyrotic model is a
possible alternative to inflationary cosmology as a description of the very
early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114075 </DOCNO>
A derivation of the homogenous Maxwell equations


  We present a theoretical derivation of the homogenous Maxwell equations,
based on Stokes theorem for Minkowski space tensors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6126 </DOCNO>
Splitting of the zero bias conductance peak in normal metal - high


  The magnetic field responses of the zero--bias conductance peak (ZBCP) in
tunneling spectra of high $T_{C}$ cuprate junctions are studied theoretically.
Our calculation is based on the lattice Green's function method and takes the
realistic electronic structure of the high $T_{C}$ cuprate into account. In
marked contrast to previous works, it is shown that the critical magnetic field
strength $H_{C}$ exists for the splittings of the ZBCP's to be discernible.
$H_{C}$ is almost proportional to the product of the magnitude of pair
potential, transmissivity of the junction, and the inverse of the Fermi
velocity parallel to the interface (1/$v_{Fy}$). The calculated $H_{C}$'s for
the hole-doped superconductors are higher than those for electron-doped ones
because of relatively large magnitude of pair potential and the small magnitude
of $v_{Fy}$ originating from peculiar shape of the Fermi surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123862 </DOCNO>
Torque Decay in the Pulsar (P,P_dot) Diagram. Effects of Crustal Ohmic


  We investigate the evolution of pulsars in the (P,P-dot) diagram. We first
present analytical formulae to follow the evolution of a pulsar using simple
exponential models for magnetic field decay and alignment. We then compare
these evolutionary tracks with detailed model calculations using ohmic decay of
crustal neutron star magnetic fields. We find that, after an initial phase with
a small braking index, n, pulsars evolve with enhanced torque decay (n >> 3)
for about 1 Myr. The long term evolution depends on the impurity parameter of
the crust. If impurities are negligible in older isolated pulsars we expect
their true age to be approximately equal to their observed characteristic age,
tau = P/(2*P-dot). It is not possible from data to constrain model parameters
of the neutron star crust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75500 </DOCNO>
Standard Model Engineering with Intersecting Branes


  I briefly describe the recent construction of the first specific string
D-brane models yielding just the SM massless fermion spectrum. One of the most
remarkable facts predicted by these constructions is that the global symmetries
of the SM like Baryon and Lepton numbers as well as the axial $U(1)_A$ are
gauged symmetries whose anomalies are cancelled by a Green-Schwarz mechanism
only in the case of three quark-lepton generations. Proton stability and the
Dirac nature of neutrino masses are thus a prediction of these theories. This
is work done in collaboration with Fernando Marchesano and Raul Rabadan.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169459 </DOCNO>
On the quantification of entanglement in infinite-dimensional quantum


  We investigate entanglement measures in the infinite-dimensional regime.
First, we discuss the peculiarities that may occur if the Hilbert space of a
bi-partite system is infinite-dimensional, most notably the fact that the set
of states with infinite entropy of entanglement is trace-norm dense in state
space, implying that in any neighborhood of every product state there lies an
arbitrarily strongly entangled state. The starting point for a clarification of
this counterintuitive property is the observation that if one imposes the
natural and physically reasonable constraint that the mean energy is bounded
from above, then the entropy of entanglement becomes a trace-norm continuous
functional. The considerations will then be extended to the asymptotic limit,
and we will prove some asymptotic continuity properties. We proceed by
investigating the entanglement of formation and the relative entropy of
entanglement in the infinite-dimensional setting. Finally, we show that the set
of entangled states is still trace-norm dense in state space, even under the
constraint of a finite mean energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149968 </DOCNO>
Gravity-Trapping Domain Walls From Resolved Branes


  All previous Randall-Sundrum type models have required a Z_2 identification
source which does not have a known string theoretic origin. We show that the
near-horizon of various resolved branes on an Eguchi-Hanson instanton
dimensionally reduce to a five-dimensional domain wall that traps gravity,
without an additional delta-function source. This brings us substantially
closer to embedding infinite extra dimensions in M-theory. Also, this provides
us with a brane world model for a strongly-coupled Yang-Mills field theory with
quark-antiquark charge screening at finite separation distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 215 </DOCNO>
Electrically Enhanced Free Dendrite Growth in Polar and Non-polar


  We describe the electrically enhanced growth of needle crystals from the
vapor phase, for which there exists a morphological instability above a
threshold applied potential. Our improved theoretical treatment of this
phenomenon shows that the instability is present in both polar and non-polar
systems, and we provide an extension of solvability theory to include
electrical effects. We present extensive experimental data for ice needle
growth above the electrical threshold, where at $T=-5$C high-velocity
shape-preserving growth is observed. These data indicate that the needle tip
assumes an effective radius} $R^{\ast}$ which is nearly independent of both
supersaturation and the applied potential. The small scale of $R^{\ast}$ and
its response to chemical additives suggest that the needle growth rate is being
limited primarily by structural instabilities, possibly related to surface
melting. We also demonstrate experimentally that non-polar systems exhibit this
same electrically induced morphological instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96839 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Slow Diffusion from Perpetual Homogenization


  This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior solutions of stochastic
differential equations $dy_t=d\omega_t -\nabla V(y_t) dt$, $y_0=0$. When $d=1$
and $V$ reflects media characterized by an infinite number of spatial scales
$V(x) = \sum_{k=0}^\infty U_k(x/R_k)$, where $U_k$ are smooth functions of
period 1, $U_k(0)=0$, and $R_k$ grows exponentially fast with $k$, we can show
that $y_t$ has an anomalous slow behavior and obtain quantitative estimates on
the anomaly using and developing the tools of homogenisation. Pointwize
estimates are based on a new analytical inequality for sub-harmonic functions.
When $d\geq 1$ and $V$ is periodic, quantitative estimates are obtained on the
heat kernel of $y_t$, showing the rate at which homogenization takes place, the
latter result is directly linked to Davies's conjecture and based on a
quantitative estimate for the Laplace transform of martingales that can be used
to obtain similar results for periodic elliptic generator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72701 </DOCNO>
Generalized parton distributions with helicity flip


  We show that for both quarks and gluons there are eight generalized parton
distributions in the proton: four which conserve parton helicity and four which
do not. We explain why time reversal invariance does not reduce this number
from eight to six, as previously assumed in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76836 </DOCNO>
Vertex integrals in heavy-particle theories


  We give the results of complete analytical computations of two- and
three-point loop integrals ocurring in heavy particle theories, with and
without velocity change, for arbitrary values of external momenta and masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76546 </DOCNO>
Slepton Pair Production at a Linear Collider


  Accurate theoretical calculations of slepton pair production processes at
threshold are necessary for an accurate determination of slepton masses. We
discuss the gauge invariant calculation of these processes for selectron and
smuon pairs, including finite width effects and Coulomb corrections. Energy
cuts to reduce irreducible supersymmetric backgrounds are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73030 </DOCNO>
A Compilation of High Energy Atmospheric Muon Data at Sea Level


  We collect and combine all published data on the vertical atmospheric muon
flux and the muon charge ratio for muon momenta above 10 GeV. At sea level the
world average of the momentum spectra agrees with the flux calculated by E.V.
Bugaev et al. within 15%. The observed shape of the differential flux versus
momentum is slightly flatter than predicted in this calculation. The
experimental accuracy varies from 7% at 10 GeV to 17% at 1 TeV. The ratio of
fluxes of positive to negative muons is found to be constant, at a value of
1.268, with relative uncertainties increasing from approximately 1% at low
momenta to about 6% at 300 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129190 </DOCNO>
The different Clustering of red and blue galaxies: a robust signal from


  A sample of ~20,000 galaxies covering 0.76 deg2 were observed with the
CFHT-UH8K up to V<23.5 and I<22.5. The angular correlation analysis of the red
selected sample (V-I>1.4) shows a stronger amplitude than the blue selected
sample at all cutoff magnitudes. This effect could be explained either by
luminosity selection effects or by a true color segregation in which red
objects are preferably found in denser regions. If the latter is true, and
assuming that red galaxies are dominated by an older population of stars, this
measurement supports the idea that galaxies evolve faster in the harsh
environment of dense clusters than in the field, at fiducial redshifts of
z~0.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75365 </DOCNO>
Next-to-leading order QCD evolution of transversity fragmentation


  We derive the next-to-leading order splitting kernels for the scale evolution
of fragmentation functions for transversely polarized quarks into transversely
polarized hadrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129102 </DOCNO>
Higher Order Moments of the Angular Distribution of Galaxies from Early


  We present initial results for counts in cells statistics of the angular
distribution of galaxies in early data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
(SDSS). We analyze a rectangular stripe $2.5^\circ$ wide, covering
approximately 160 sq. degrees, containing over $10^6$ galaxies in the apparent
magnitude range $18 < r^\prime < 22$, with areas of bad seeing, contamination
from bright stars, ghosts, and high galactic extinction masked out. This survey
region, which forms part of the SDSS Early Data Release, is the same as that
for which two-point angular clustering statistics have recently been computed.
The third and fourth moments of the cell counts, $s_3$ (skewness) and $s_4$
(kurtosis), constitute the most accurate measurements to date of these
quantities (for $r^\prime < 21$) over angular scales $0.015^\circ-0.3^\circ$.
They display the approximate hierarchical scaling expected from non-linear
structure formation models and are in reasonable agreement with the predictions
of $\Lambda$-dominated cold dark matter models with galaxy biasing that
suppresses higher order correlations at small scales. The results are in
general consistent with previous measurements in the APM, EDSGC, and Deeprange
surveys. These results suggest that the SDSS imaging data are free of
systematics to a high degree and will therefore enable determination of the
skewness and kurtosis to 1% and less then 10%, as predicted by Colombi,
Szapudi, & Szalay (1998).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72942 </DOCNO>
Off-shell unitarity and geometrical effects in deep-inelastic scattering


  Deep-inelastic scattering at low x and elastic vector meson production are
considered on the basis of the off-shell extension of the s-channel unitarity.
We discuss behavior of the structure function F_2(x,Q^2) at low x and the total
cross-section of virtual photon-proton scattering and obtain, in particular,
the dependence sigma^{tot}_{gamma^* p}\sim (W^2)^{lambda(Q^2)} where exponent
lambda(Q^2) is related to the interaction radius of a constituent quark. The
energy dependence of the total cross-section of gamma^*gamma^*-interactions is
calculated. The explicit mass dependence of the exponent in the power energy
behavior of the vector meson production in the processes of virtual photon
interactions with a proton gamma^*p to Vp has been obtained. We also consider
angular distributions at large momentum transfers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126599 </DOCNO>
On the GRB progenitors: possible consequences for supernovae connection


  Unique data on $BVRI$ light curves of the optical transient (OT) of GRB
970508 obtained with the 6-m telescope have been interpreted in the framework
of the idea of a straightforward link between supernovae (SNe) and long
duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The effect must be maximum in the $I_{c}$
band as for OT GRB 970228. The peak absolute ($M_{B}$) magnitude of the
suggested SN must be around -19.5 for the OT of GRB 970508. So, in addition to
the characteristic "shoulders" on the light curves of the OTs of GRB 970228,
GRB 980326, 990712, 991208, more evidence of the link between GRBs and Type
Ib/c SNe (or core-collapse SNe) was found, which could be an argument in favor
of the idea of massive stars as progenitors of long duration GRBs. If all or
the main part of long duration GRBs are associated with the SNe, GRB host
galaxies (for ground-based observations, at least) must be dimmer than the peak
magnitude of a SN. If some GRB/SN relation really exists, and if all or at
least the main part of long duration GRBs are associated with SNe, then as a
consequence we have a very strong $\gamma$-ray beaming with a solid angle of up
to $\Omega_{beam} \sim (10^{-5} - 10^{-6})\cdot 4\pi$. Besides, the
observations of K$_{\alpha}$ lines of iron in the X-ray afterglow spectra of
GRBs (970508, 970828, 991216, 000214) and the observation of redshifted
absorption feature of neutral iron (7.1 keV) simultaneously with GRB 990705 are
also evidence in favor of massive stars -- progenitors of GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5616 </DOCNO>
Criticality of Domains in Ferromagnets described by the Landau


  The distribution of magnetic moments in finite ferromagnetic bodies was first
investigated by Landau an Lifshitz in a famous paper, where they obtained the
domain structure of a ferromagnetic crystal at low temperatures, in the regime
of saturated magnetization. We propose a generalization of the above approach,
using from the start the Landau theory of phase transitions, where the free
energy of the system is written as a functional with the magnetic permeability
as the order-parameter density. We obtain more general field solutions,
allowing non-homogeneous regimes, which are used to describe the ferromagnetic
phase transition at $T_{c}$. We find that domain sizes and walls are enlarged
when the temperature is increased in direction of $T_{c}$. Very close to
$T_{c}$ however, the walls tend to suppress the layers, leading to a continuous
vanishing of the domain structure. We discuss the validity of the model in the
critical region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3945 </DOCNO>
Multiple phase transitions in Ce(Rh,Ir,Co)In5 heavy-fermion


  Magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity and heat capacity data for
single crystals of Ce(Rh,Ir)1-x(Co,Ir)xIn5 (0 < x < 1) have allowed us to
construct a detailed phase diagram for this new family of heavy-fermion
superconductors(HFS). CeRh1-xIrxIn5 displays superconductivity(SC) (Tc < 1 K)
over a wide range of composition, which develops out of and coexists (0.30 < x
< 0.5) with a magnetically ordered state, with TN ~ 4 K. For CeCo1-xRhxIn5, the
superconducting state (Tc ~ 2.3 K for x = 0) becomes a magnetic state (TN ~ 4
K, for x = 1) with two phase transitions observed for 0.40 < x < 0.25.
CeCo1-xIrxIn5 also shows two transitions for 0.30 < x < 0.75. For those alloys
in which SC is found, a roughly linear relationship between Tc and the lattice
parameter ratio c/a, was found, with composition as the implicit parameter. The
interplay between magnetism and SC for CeRh1-x(Ir,Co)xIn5 and the possibility
of two distinct superconducting states in CeCo1-xIrxIn5 are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98396 </DOCNO>
Elements of the theory of induced representations


  We analyze the elements characterizing the theory of induced representations
of
 Lie groups, in order to generalize it to quantum groups. We emphasize the
geometric and algebraic aspects of the theory, because they are more suitable
for generalization in the framework of Hopf algebras. As an example, we present
the induced representations of a quantum deformation of the extended Galilei
algebra in (1+1) dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95492 </DOCNO>
The ring grooming problem


  The problem of minimizing the number of bidirectional SONET rings required to
support a given traffic demand has been studied by several researchers. Here we
study the related problem of minimizing the number of add/drop locations
instead of the number of rings; in a number of situations this is a better
approximation to the true equipment cost. Our main result is a new lower bound
for the case of uniform traffic. This allows us to prove that a certain simple
algorithm for uniform traffic is in fact an approximation algorithm, and it
also demonstrates that known lower bounds for the general problem are not
within a constant factor of the optimum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128981 </DOCNO>
Profile Shapes for Optically Thick X-ray Emission Lines from Stellar


  We consider the consequences of appreciable line optical depth for the
profile shape of X-ray emission lines formed in stellar winds. The hot gas is
thought to arise in distributed wind shocks, and the line formation is
predominantly via collisional excitation followed by radiative decay. Such
lines are often modelled as optically thin, but the theory has difficulty
matching resolved X-ray line profiles. We suggest that for strong lines of
abundant metals, newly created photons may undergo resonance scattering,
modifying the emergent profile. Using Sobolev theory in a spherically symmetric
wind, we show that thick-line resonance scattering leads to emission profiles
that still have blueshifted centroids like the thin lines, but which are
considerably less asymmetric in appearance. We focus on winds in the
constant-expansion domain, and derive an analytic form for the profile shape in
the limit of large line and photoabsorptive optical depths. Our theory is
applied to published {\it Chandra} observations of the O star $\zeta$ Pup.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124900 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Probing of the Central Regions of Clusters of Galaxies


  Results of ASCA X-ray study of central regions of medium-richness clusters of
galaxies are summarized, emphasizing differences between cD and non-cD
clusters. The intra-cluster medium (ICM) is likely to consist of two (hot and
cool) phases within $\sim 100$ kpc of a cD galaxy, where the ICM metallicity is
also enhanced. In contrast, the ICM in non-cD clusters appears to be isothermal
with little metallicity gradient right to the center. The gravitational
potential exhibits a hierarchical nesting around cD galaxies, while a total
mass-density profile with a central cusp is indicated for a non-cD cluster
Abell~1060. The iron-mass-to-light ratio of the ICM decreases toward the center
in both types of clusters, although it is radially constant in peripheral
regions. The silicon-to-iron abundance ratio in the ICM increases with the
cluster richness, but remains close to the solar ratio around cD galaxies.
These overall results are interpreted without appealing to the popular
cooling-flow hypothesis. Instead, an emphasis is put on the halo-in-halo
structure formed around cD galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113934 </DOCNO>
Topologically Modulated Signals and Predicate Gates For Their Processing


  In the paper electromagnetic signals distinguished by their discrete
modulation of spatial distributions of fields and amplitudes are considered.
Amplitudes of the impulses play a role of predicates and discrete spatial
distributions of fields serve as predicate variables. Designed electronic gates
are different by parallelism of the signal processing and allow to create a
predicate processor for artificial intellect applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85924 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Bar Instability in Relativistic Rotating Stars


  We study by computational means the dynamical stability against bar-mode
deformation of rapidly and differentially rotating stars in a post-Newtonian
approximation of general relativity. We vary the compaction of the star $M/R$
(where $M$ is the gravitational mass and $R$ the equatorial circumferential
radius) between 0.01 and 0.05 to isolate the influence of relativistic
gravitation on the instability. For compactions in this moderate range, the
critical value of $\beta = T/W$ for the onset of the dynamical instability
(where $T$ is the rotational kinetic energy and W the gravitational binding
energy) slightly decreases from $\sim$ 0.26 to $\sim$ 0.25 with increasing
compaction for our choice of the differential rotational law. Combined with our
earlier findings based on simulations in full general relativity for stars with
higher compaction, we conclude that relativistic gravitation enhances the
dynamical bar-mode instability, i.e. the onset of instability sets in for
smaller values of $\beta$ in relativistic gravity than in Newtonian gravity. We
also find that once a triaxial structure forms after the bar-mode perturbation
saturates in dynamically unstable stars, the triaxial shape is maintained, at
least for several rotational periods. To check the reliability of our numerical
integrations, we verify that the general relativistic Kelvin-Helmholtz
circulation is well-conserved, in addition to rest-mass and total mass-energy,
linear and angular momentum. Conservation of circulation indicates that our
code is not seriously affected by numerical viscosity. We determine the
amplitude and frequency of the quasi-periodic gravitational waves emitted
during the bar formation process using the quadrupole formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127837 </DOCNO>
Stellar Seismology, Stellar Ages and the Cosmological Constant


  Solar seismology has allowed precision measurements of both the static and
dynamic structure of our local star, the Sun. In the near future, seismology of
solar-like stars of different ages and masses, necessarily restricted by
angular resolution to low l-modes, will allow studies of the internal structure
of stars at various stages of evolution. Such studies will test not only the
theory of stellar evolution, but also allow the determination of ages of stars
from the helium content in their cores. Such observations can be made
photometrically from space, but also spectroscopically from the ground. We
outline ground-based schemes. By correlating the external properties of nearby
stars with their internal properties, it will be possible to extend local
studies to distant open and globular clusters, and thereby to obtain an age of
the Universe, based on many stars. The combination of the age, the density
parameter Omega and Hubble's constant will allow strong limits to be placed on
the cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 488 </DOCNO>
Complex diffusion Monte-Carlo method: test by the simulation of the 2D


  On the base of the diffusion Monte-Carlo method we develop the method
allowing to simulate the quantum systems with complex wave function. The method
is exact and there are no approximations on the simulations of the module and
the phase of the system's wave function. In our method averaged value of any
quantity have no direct contribution from the phase of distribution function
but only from the phase of the Green function of diffusion equation. We test
the method by the simulations of the ground state of fermions in
two-dimensional parabolic well. Anyons are used for the representation of the
two-dimensional (2D) fermions. We vary the number of fermions from two to ten
and find a good agreement of the numerical results with analytical ones for the
numbers of the particles N > 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77045 </DOCNO>
Non-Gaussianity from Inflation


  Correlated adiabatic and isocurvature perturbation modes are produced during
inflation through an oscillation mechanism when extra scalar degrees of freedom
other than the inflaton field are present. We show that this correlation
generically leads to sizeable non-Gaussian features both in the adiabatic and
isocurvature perturbations. The non-Gaussianity is first generated by large
non-linearities in some scalar sector and then efficiently transferred to the
inflaton sector by the oscillation process. We compute the cosmic microwave
background angular bispectrum, providing a characteristic feature of such
inflationary non-Gaussianity,which might be detected by upcoming satellite
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75446 </DOCNO>
CP-violation in K_{S,L}->\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\gamma and


  The dependence of K_{S,L}->\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\gamma decay probabilities on photon
polarization is calculated. The phases of terms of amplitude that arise from
the pion-pion interaction are obtained by using a simple realistic model of
pion-pion interaction via virtual \rho-meson, instead of the ChPT. The results
are compared with those of other authors and the origin of slight discrepancies
is explained. It is shown that the standard ChPT approach for K_{S,L}->
\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\gamma decays cannot reproduce the contribution of the \rho-meson
to the P-wave \pi\pi interaction. The departure of the photon spectrum from
pure bremsstrahlung due to the pion loop contribution to the direct emission
amplitude is calculated. It is shown that the interference between the terms of
amplitude with different CP-parity appears only when the photon is polarized
(linearly or circularly). Instead of measuring the linear polarization, the
angular correlation between the \pi^{+}\pi^{-} and e^{+}e^{-} planes in
K_{S,L}->\pi^{+}\pi^{-}e^{+}e^{-} decay can be studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96031 </DOCNO>
Interpolation in non-positively curved K\"ahler manifolds


  We extend to any simply connected K\"ahler manifold with non-positive
sectional curvature some conditions for interpolation in $\mathbb{C}$ and in
the unit disk given by Berndtsson, Ortega-Cerd\`a and Seip. The main tool is a
comparison theorem for the Hessian in K\"ahler geometry due to Greene, Wu and
Siu, Yau.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76990 </DOCNO>
de Sitter Spacetimes from Warped Compactifications of IIB String Theory


  We continue our study of codimension two solutions of warped space-time
varying compactifications of string theory. In this letter we discuss a
non-supersymmetric solution of the classical type IIB string theory with de
Sitter gravity on a codimension two uncompactified part of spacetime. A
non-zero positive value of the cosmological constant is induced by the presence
of non-trivial stringy moduli, such as the axion-dilaton system for the type
IIB string theory. Furthermore, the naked singularity of the codimension two
solution is resolved by the presence of a small but non-zero cosmological
constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98628 </DOCNO>
Determinants of pseudodifferential operators and complex deformations of


  Consider an h-pseudodifferential operator P, whose symbol extends
holomorphically to a tubular neighborhood of the real phase space and converges
sufficiently fast to 1, so that the determinant of P is well-defined. We show
that the modulus of this determinant is asymptotically bounded by an
exponential of the integral of the logarithm of the modulus of the symbol along
a certain complex deformation of the real phase space. Since there are many
possible such deformations, we get a variational problem. The paper is devoted
to the corresponding variational calculus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114232 </DOCNO>
Marked variability in modern-time gravitational data indicates a large


  In spite of two hundred years of considerable efforts directed towards
improvement in the experimental techniques, gravitational measurements have
provided unsettled results for Newton's gravitational constant G. Analysis of
the published (over ~75 years) small-scale gravitational measurements,
presented in this report, unveils a large secular increase in the gravitational
force, that reveals itself as a formal increase in the Newton's constant G at a
rate 'G dot per G' = (1.43 +-0.08) x 10^(-5) year^(-1). Since its
interpretation as a true 'G dot per G' effect is excluded by laser and radar
ranging to the Moon and the interior planets as well as by double-pulsar
studies, which all put tight limits on any variation in G, this large secular
effect appears to originate in a temporal increase of gravitational masses due
to, e.g., capture of mass from a hypothetical cold dark matter halo of the Sun.
By virtue of the equivalence principle, the secular mass increase leads
naturally to modifications of the Newtonian dynamics in the Solar System, as it
predicts a cosmic deceleration of moving bodies dependent upon their speed. In
particular, it predicts for the Pioneer 10/11 spacecraft an anomalous, nearly
constant acceleration of -(11.0 +-1.8) x 10^(-10) m/s^2, in agreement with the
published experimental value of -(8.7 +- 0.9) x 10^(-10) m/s^2. Dynamical
effects of this kind have been also detected in the motion of other spacecraft
and artificial satellites, but not in the motion of large and/or old objects in
the Solar System.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98821 </DOCNO>
A Frame Bundle Generalization of Multisymplectic Momentum Mappings


  This paper presents generalized momentum mappings for covariant Hamiltonian
field theories. The new momentum mappings arise from a generalization of
symplectic geometry to $L_VY$, the bundle of vertically adapted linear frames
over the bundle of field configurations $Y$. Specifically, the generalized
field momentum observables are vector-valued momentum mappings on the
vertically adapted frame bundle generated from automorphisms of $Y$. The
generalized symplectic geometry on $L_VY$ is a covering theory for
multisymplectic geometry on the multiphase space $Z$, and it follows that the
field momentum observables on $Z$ are generalized by those on $L_VY$.
Furthermore, momentum observables on $L_VY$ produce conserved quantities along
flows in $L_VY$. For translational and orthogonal symmetries of fields and
reparametrization symmetry in mechanics, momentum is conserved, and for angular
momentum in time-evolution mechanics we produce a version of the parallel axis
theorem of rotational dynamics, and in special relativity, we produce the
transformation of angular momentum under boosts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83581 </DOCNO>
Communities of Practice: Going Virtual


  With the current trends towards downsizing, outsourcing and globalisation,
modern organisations are reducing the numbers of people they employ. In
addition, organisations now have to cope with the increasing
internationalisation of business forcing collaboration and knowledge sharing
across time and distance simultaneously. There is a need for new ways of
thinking about how knowledge is shared in distributed groups. In this paper we
explore a relatively new approach to knowledge sharing using Lave and Wenger's
(1991) theory of Communities of Practice (CoPs). We investigate whether CoPs
might translate to a geographically distributed international environment
through a case study that explores the functioning of a CoP across national
boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3102 </DOCNO>
First passage time problem for biased continuous-time random walks


  We study the first passage time (FPT) problem for biased continuous time
random walks. Using the recently formulated framework of fractional
Fokker-Planck equations, we obtain the Laplace transform of the FPT density
function when the bias is constant. When the bias depends linearly on the
position, the full FPT density function is derived in terms of Hermite
polynomials and generalized Mittag-Leffler functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148536 </DOCNO>
Type 0 T-Duality and the Tachyon Coupling


  We consider the T-duality relations between Type 0A and 0B theories, and show
that this constraints the possible couplings of the tachyon to the RR-fields.
Due to the `doubling' of the RR sector in Type 0 theories, we are able to
introduce a democratic formulation for the Type 0 effective actions, in which
there is no Chern-Simons term in the effective action. Finally we discuss how
to embed Type II solutions into Type 0 theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150271 </DOCNO>
String Theory and the Size of Hadrons


  We begin by outlining the ancient puzzle of off shell currents and infinite
size particles in a string theory of hadrons. We then consider the problem from
the modern AdS/CFT perspective. We argue that although hadrons should be
thought of as ideal thin strings from the 5-dimensional bulk point of view, the
4-dimensional strings are a superposition of "fat" strings of different
thickness.
  We also find that the warped nature of the target geometry provides a
mechanism for taming the infinite zero point fluctuations which apparently
produce a divergent result for hadronic radii.
  Finally a calculation of the large momentum behavior of the form factor is
given in the limit of strong 't Hooft parameter where the classical gravity
limit is appropriate. We find agreement with parton model expectations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150050 </DOCNO>
On the Stability of the Classical Vacua in a Minimal SU(5) 5-D


  We consider a five-dimensional supergravity model with SU(5) gauge symmetry
and the minimal field content. Studying the arising scalar potential we find
that the gauging of the $U(1)_R$ symmetry of the five-dimensional supergravity
causes instabilities. Lifting the instabilities the vacua are of Anti-de-Sitter
type and SU(5) is broken along with supersymmetry. Keeping the $U(1)_R$
ungauged the potential has flat directions along which supersymmetry is
unbroken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150036 </DOCNO>
D2-branes with magnetic flux in the presence of RR fields


  D2-branes are studied in the context of Born-Infeld theory as a source of the
3-form RR gauge potential. Considering the static case with only a radial
magnetic field it is shown that a locally stable hemispherical deformation of
the brane exists which minimises the energy locally. Since the D2-brane carries
also the charge of D0-branes, and the RR spacetime potential is unbounded from
below, these can tunnel to condense on the D2-brane. The corresponding
instanton-like configuration and the tunneling rate are derived and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40708 </DOCNO>
Combination procedure for the precise determination of Z boson


  The precise determination of the Z boson parameters from the measurements at
the Z resonance by the four collaborations ALEPH,
  DELPHI, L3 and OPAL in e+e- collisions at the large electron positron
collider LEP at CERN is a landmark for precision tests of the electroweak
theory. The four experiments measured quantities which were used to extract the
mass and width of the Z boson, the hadronic cross-section at the pole of the
resonance, the ratio of hadronic and leptonic decay widths, and the leptonic
forward-backward asymmetries at the pole. The combination procedure based on
these parameters is presented in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72434 </DOCNO>
Production of MSSM Higgs Bosons in Photon-Photon Collisions


  The heavy neutral Higgs bosons H, A in the minimal supersymmetric extension
of the Standard Model can be produced as single resonances at high-energy gamma
gamma colliders. We have studied the prospects of the search for these
particles in b\bar b and neutralino-pair final states. The Higgs bosons can be
found with masses up to 70-80% of the initial e^\pm e^- collider energy for
medium values of tan(beta), i.e. in areas of the supersymmetric parameter space
not accessible at other colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73045 </DOCNO>
Ultralight Scalars and Spiral Galaxies


  We study some possible astrophysical implications of a very weakly coupled
ultralight dilaton-type scalar field. Such a field may develop an
(approximately stable) network of domain walls. The domain wall thickness is
assumed to be comparable with the thickness of the luminous part of the spiral
galaxies. The walls provide trapping for galactic matter. This is used to
motivate the very existence of the spiral galaxies. A zero mode existing on the
domain wall is a massless scalar particle confined to 1+2 dimensions. At
distances much larger than the galaxy/wall thickness, the zero-mode exchange
generates a logarithmic potential, acting as an additional term with respect to
Newton's gravity. The logarithmic term naturally leads to constant rotational
velocities at the periphery. We estimate the scalar field coupling to the
matter energy-momentum tensor needed to fit the observable flat rotational
curves of the spiral galaxies. The value of this coupling turns out to be
reasonable -- we find no contradiction with the existing data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72889 </DOCNO>
Projection Operator Approach to Langevin Equations in $\phi^4$ Theory


  We apply the projection operator method (POM) to $\phi^4$ theory and derive
both quantum and semiclassical equations of motion for the soft modes. These
equations have no time-convolution integral term, in sharp contrast with other
well-known results obtained using the influence functional method (IFM) and the
closed time path method (CTP). However, except for the fluctuation force field
terms, these equations are similar to the corresponding equations obtained
using IFM with the linear harmonic approximation, which was introduced to
remove the time-convolution integral. The quantum equation of motion in POM can
be regarded as a kind of quantum Langevin equation in which the fluctuation
force field is given in terms of the operators of the hard modes. These
operators are then replaced with c-numbers using a certain procedure to obtain
a semiclassical Langevin equation. It is pointed out that there are significant
differences between the fluctuation force fields introduced in this paper and
those introduced in IFM. The arbitrariness of the definition of the fluctuation
force field in IFM is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73499 </DOCNO>
Distributions of secondary muons at sea level from cosmic gamma rays


  The FLUKA Monte Carlo program is used to predict the distributions of the
muons which originate from primary cosmic gamma rays and reach sea level. The
main result is the angular distribution of muons produced by vertical gamma
rays which is necessary to predict the inherent angular resolution of any
instrument utilizing muons to infer properties of gamma ray primaries.
Furthermore, various physical effects are discussed which affect these
distributions in differing proportions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96479 </DOCNO>
Equivariant K-theory, generalized symmetric products, and twisted


  For a space X acted by a finite group $\G$, the product space $X^n$ affords a
natural action of the wreath product $\Gn$. In this paper we study the K-groups
$K_{\tG_n}(X^n)$ of $\Gn$-equivariant Clifford supermodules on $X^n$. We show
that $\tFG =\bigoplus_{n\ge 0}K_{\tG_n}(X^n) \otimes \C$ is a Hopf algebra and
it is isomorphic to the Fock space of a twisted Heisenberg algebra. Twisted
vertex operators make a natural appearance. The algebraic structures on $\tFG$
, when $\G$ is trivial and X is a point, specialize to those on a ring of
symmetric functions with the Schur Q-functions as a linear basis. As a
by-product, we present a novel construction of K-theory operations using the
spin representations of the hyperoctahedral groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2750 </DOCNO>
Atomic-Scale Dynamics of the Formation and Dissolution of Carbon


  Oxidation of SiC produces SiO2 while CO is released. A `reoxidation' step at
lower temperatures is, however, necessary to produce high-quality SiO2. This
step is believed to cleanse the oxide of residual C without further oxidation
of the SiC substrate. We report first-principles calculations that describe the
nucleation and growth of O-deficient C clusters in SiO2 under oxidation
conditions, fed by the production of CO at the advancing interface, and their
gradual dissolution by the supply of O under reoxidation conditions. We predict
that both CO and CO2 are released during both steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4715 </DOCNO>
Quantum Tunneling in Half-Integer Spin Systems


  Motivated by the experimental observations of resonant tunnelings in the
systems with half-integer spin, such as V$_{15}$ and Mn$_4$, we study the
mechanism of adiabatic change of the magnetization in systems with the
time-reversal symmetry. Within the time-reversal symmetric models, effects of
several types of perturbations are investigated. Although tunneling between the
ground states is suppressed in a simple Kramers doublet, we show that the
nonadiabatic transition governed by the Landau-Zener-St\"uckelberg mechanism
occurs in many cases due to the additional degeneracy of the ground state. We
also found more general cases where LZS mechanism can not be applied directly
even the system shows a kind of adiabatic change of the magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3805 </DOCNO>
Phonon Spectrum in a Nanoparticle Mechanically Coupled to a Substrate


  We calculate the vibrational density-of-states in an insulating nanoparticle
that is in weak mechanical contact with a semi-infinite substrate. The work is
motivated by a recent experiment by Yang et al., where the low-energy phonon
density-of-states of Y2O3 nanoparticles doped with Eu was measured. Preliminary
results presented here, based on the conventional quasiparticle-pole
approximation for the phonon propagator, are in reasonable agreement with
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76313 </DOCNO>
Two-loop effective potential for a general renormalizable theory and


  I compute the two-loop effective potential in the Landau gauge for a general
renormalizable field theory in four dimensions. Results are presented for the
\bar{MS} renormalization scheme based on dimensional regularization, and for
the \bar{DR} and \bar{DR}' schemes based on regularization by dimensional
reduction. The last of these is appropriate for models with softly broken
supersymmetry, such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. I find the
parameter redefinition which relates the \bar{DR} and \bar{DR}' schemes at
two-loop order. I also discuss the renormalization group invariance of the
two-loop effective potential, and compute the anomalous dimensions for scalars
and the beta function for the vacuum energy at two-loop order in softly broken
supersymmetry. Several illustrative examples and consistency checks are
included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73557 </DOCNO>
The check of QCD based on the tau-decay data analysis in the complex


  The thorough analysis of the ALEPH data on hadronic tau-decay is performed in
the framework of QCD. The perturbative calculations are performed in 3 and
4-loop approximations. The terms of the operator product expansion (OPE) are
accounted up to dimension D=8. The value of the QCD coupling constant
alpha_s(m_tau^2)=0.355 pm 0.025 was found from hadronic branching ratio R_tau.
The V+A and V spectral function are analyzed using analytical properties of
polarization operators in the whole complex q^2-plane. Borel sum rules in the
complex q^2 plane along the rays, starting from the origin, are used. It was
demonstrated that QCD with OPE terms is in agreement with the data for the
coupling constant close to the lower error edge alpha_s(m_tau^2)=0.330. The
restriction on the value of the gluonic condensate was found
<(alpha_s/pi)G^2>=0.006 pm 0.012 GeV^2. The analytical perturbative QCD was
compared with the data. It is demonstrated to be in strong contradiction with
experiment. The restrictions on the renormalon contribution were found. The
instanton contributions to the polarization operator are analyzed in various
sum rules. In Borel transformation they appear to be small, but not in spectral
moments sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99250 </DOCNO>
Abelian Categories of Modules over a (Lax) Monoidal Functor


  The analogy between Yetter's deformation theory form (lax) monoidal functors
and Gerstenahaber's deformation theory for associative algebras is solidified
by shown that under reasonable conditions the category of functors with an
action of a lax monoidal functor is abelian, that an analogue of the Hochschild
cohomology of an algebra with coefficients in a bimodule exists for monoidal
functors, and is given by right derived functors. The deformation cohmology of
a monoidal natural transformation is shown to be a special case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149726 </DOCNO>
Constraint structure in modified Faddeev-Jackiw method


  We show that in modified Faddeev-Jackiw formalism, first and second class
constraints appear at each level, and the whole constraint structure is in
exact correspondence with level by level method of Dirac formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86518 </DOCNO>
Horizon Holography


  A holographic correspondence between data on horizon and space-time physics
is investigated. We find similarities with the AdS/CFT correspondence, based on
the observation that the optical metric near the horizon describes a Euclidean
asymptotically anti-de Sitter space. This picture emerges for a wide class of
static space-times with a non-degenerate horizon, including Schwarzschild black
holes as well as de Sitter space-time. We reveal a asymptotic conformal
symmetry at the horizon. We compute the conformal weights and 2-point functions
for a scalar perturbation and discuss possible connections with a (non-unitary)
conformal field theory located on the horizon. We then reconstruct the scalar
field and the metric from the data given on the horizon. We show that the
solution for the metric in the bulk is completely determined in terms of a
specified metric on the horizon. From the General Relativity point of view our
solutions present a new class of space-time metrics with non-spherical
horizons. The horizon entropy associated with these solutions is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97717 </DOCNO>
Kasteleyn cokernels


  We consider Kasteleyn and Kasteleyn-Percus matrices, which arise in
enumerating matchings of planar graphs, up to matrix operations on their rows
and columns. If such a matrix is defined over a principal ideal domain, this is
equivalent to considering its Smith normal form or its cokernel. Many
variations of the enumeration methods result in equivalent matrices. In
particular, Gessel-Viennot matrices are equivalent to Kasteleyn-Percus
matrices.
  We apply these ideas to plane partitions and related planar of tilings. We
list a number of conjectures, supported by experiments in Maple, about the
forms of matrices associated to enumerations of plane partitions and other
lozenge tilings of planar regions and their symmetry classes. We focus on the
case where the enumerations are round or $q$-round, and we conjecture that
cokernels remain round or $q$-round for related ``impossible enumerations'' in
which there are no tilings. Our conjectures provide a new view of the topic of
enumerating symmetry classes of plane partitions and their generalizations. In
particular we conjecture that a $q$-specialization of a Jacobi-Trudi matrix has
a Smith normal form. If so it could be an interesting structure associated to
the corresponding irreducible representation of $\SL(n,\C)$. Finally we find,
with proof, the normal form of the matrix that appears in the enumeration of
domino tilings of an Aztec diamond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168280 </DOCNO>
A classification of incomparable states


  Let (\{| \psi> ,| \phi>}) be an incomparable pair of states ((| \psi
\nleftrightarrow | \phi>)), \emph, i.e., (| \psi>) and (| \phi>) cannot be
transformed to each other with probability one by local transformations and
classical communication (LOCC). We show that incomparable states can be
multiple-copy transformable, \emph, i.e., there can exist a \emph{k}, such that
(| \psi> ^{\otimes k+1}\to | \phi> ^{\otimes k+1}), i.e., (k+1) copies of (|
\psi>) can be transformed to (k+1) copies of (| \phi>) with probability one by
LOCC but (| \psi> ^{\otimes n}\nleftrightarrow | \phi> ^{\otimes n} \forall
n\leq k). We call such states \emph{k}-copy LOCC incomparable. We provide a
necessary condition for a given pair of states to be \emph{k}-copy LOCC
incomparable for some \emph{k}. We also show that there exist states that are
neither \emph{k}-copy LOCC incomparable for any \emph{k} nor catalyzable even
with multiple copies. We call such states strongly incomparable. We give a
sufficient condition for strong incomparability.
  We demonstrate that the optimal probability of a conclusive transformation
involving many copies, (p_{max}(| \psi> ^{\otimes m}\to | \phi> ^{\otimes m}))
can decrease exponentially with the number of source states (m), even if the
source state has \emph{more} entropy of entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126554 </DOCNO>
A free-floating planet population in the Galaxy?


  Most young low-mass stars are born as binary systems, and circumstellar disks
have recently been observed around the individual components of proto-binary
systems (e.g. L1551-IRS5). Thus planets and planetary systems are likely to
form around the individual stellar components in sufficiently wide binary
systems. However, a good fraction of planets born in binary systems will in the
long run be subject to ejection due to gravitational perturbations. Therefore,
we expect that there should exist a free-floating population of Jupiter-like or
even Earth-like planets in interstellar space. There is hope to detect the
free-floating Jupiters through gravitational microlensing observations towards
the Galactic Bulge, especially with large-format detectors in the near-infrared
(e.g. with VISTA or NGST), on timescales of a few days.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75313 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical instability of the brane-world: Randall-Sundrum bubbles


  We discuss the semiclassical instability of the Randall-Sundrum brane-world
model against a creation of a kind of Kaluza-Klein bubble. An example
describing such a bubble space-time is constructed from the five-dimensional
AdS-Schwarzschild metric. The induced geometry of the brane looks like the
Einstein-Rosen bridge, which connects the positive and the negative tension
branes. The bubble rapidly expands and there also form a trapped region around
it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5140 </DOCNO>
Criticality of rumor propagation on small-world networks


  We show that a simple model for the propagation of a rumor on a small-world
network exhibits critical behavior at a finite randomness of the underlying
graph. The transition occurs between a regime where the rumor "dies" in a small
neighborhood of its origin, and a regime where it spreads over a finite
fraction of the whole population. Critical exponents are evaluated through
finite-size scaling analysis, and the dependence of the critical randomness
with the network connectivity is studied. The behavior of this system as a
function of the network randomness bears noticeable similarities with an
epidemiological model reported recently [M. Kuperman and G. Abramson, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 86, 2909 (2001)], in spite of substantial differences in the
respective dynamical rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148031 </DOCNO>
A note on the holographic interpretation of string theory backgrounds


  We discuss the field theory interpretation (via holographic duality) of some
recently-discovered string theory solutions with varying flux, focusing on four
dimensional theories with N=2 supersymmetry and with N=1 supersymmetry which
arise as the near-horizon limits of "fractional D3-branes". We argue that in
the N=2 case the best interpretation of the varying flux in field theory is via
a Higgs mechanism reducing the rank of the gauge group, and that there is no
need to invoke a duality to explain the varying flux in this case. We discuss
why a similar interpretation does not seem to apply to the N=1 case of Klebanov
and Strassler, which was interpreted as a "duality cascade". However, we
suggest that it might apply to different vacua of the same theory, such as the
one constructed by Pando Zayas and Tseytlin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168895 </DOCNO>
Entangling macroscopic oscillators exploiting radiation pressure


  It is shown that radiation pressure can be profitably used to entangle {\it
macroscopic} oscillators like movable mirrors, using present technology. We
prove a new sufficient criterion for entanglement and show that the achievable
entanglement is robust against thermal noise. Its signature can be revealed
using common optomechanical readout apparatus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4785 </DOCNO>
Transport through superconductor/magnetic dot/superconductor structures


  The coupling of two s-wave superconductors through a small magnetic dot is
discussed. Assuming that the dot charging energy is small compared to the
superconducting gap, $E_c\ll \Delta$, and that the moment of the dot is
classical, we develop a simple theory of transport through the dot. The
presence of the magnetic dot will position Andreev bound states within the
superconducting gap at energies tunable with the magnetic properties of the
dot. Studying the Josephson coupling it is shown that the constructed junction
can be tuned from a "0" to a "$\pi$"-junction via a degenerate two-level state
either by changing the magnetic moment of the dot or by changing temperature.
Furthermore, it is shown that details of the magnetic dot can be extracted from
the sub-harmonic structure in the current-voltage characteristics of the
junction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98692 </DOCNO>
Spacing of zeros of Hecke L-functions and the class number problem


  We derive strong and effective lower bounds for the class number h(q) of the
imaginary quadratic field Q(\sqrt{-q}), conditionally subject to the existence
of many small (subnormal) gaps between zeros of the L-function associated with
a character of the class group associated with this field. In particular, we
prove that if the gap between consecutive zeros of the L-function is somewhat
smaller than the average for sufficiently many pairs of zeros on the critical
line, then h >> \sqrt q (log q)^{-A} for some constant A > 0. For the trivial
character, the L-function is the Dedekind zeta-function of the number field and
so contains the Riemann zeta-function as a factor. Thus, as a corollary to our
main result, we prove that this lower bound for h follows from the hypothesis
that there are sufficiently many pairs of adjacent zeros of the Riemann
zeta-function on the critical line whose spacing is slightly smaller than 1/2
of the average spacing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5945 </DOCNO>
Spin fluctuations and pseudogap in the two-dimensional half-filled


  Starting from the Hubbard model in the weak-coupling limit, we derive a
spin-fermion model where the collective spin excitations are described by a
non-linear sigma model. This result is used to compute the fermion spectral
function $A({\bf k},\omega)$ in the low-temperature regime where the
antiferromagnetic (AF) coherence length is exponentially large (``renormalized
classical'' regime). At the Fermi level, $A({\bf k}_F,\omega)$ exhibits two
peaks around $\pm\Delta_0$ (with $\Delta_0$ the mean-field gap), which are
precursors of the zero-temperature AF bands, separated by a pseudogap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41728 </DOCNO>
Progress in crystal extraction and collimation


  Recent IHEP Protvino experiments show efficiencies of crystal-assisted slow
extraction and collimation of 85.3+-2.8%, at the intensities of the channeled
beam on the order of 10^12 proton per spill of 2 s duration. The obtained
experimental data well follows the theory predictions. We compare the
measurements against theory and outline the theoretical potential for further
improvement in the efficiency of the technique. This success is important for
the efficient use of IHEP accelerator and for implementation of
crystal-assisted collimation at RHIC and slow extraction from AGS onto E952,
now in preparation. Future applications, spanning in the energy from order of 1
GeV (scraping in SNS, slow extraction from COSY and medical accelerators) to
order of 1 TeV and beyond (scraping in Tevatron, LHC, VLHC), can benefit from
these studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124990 </DOCNO>
Predicting the Second Caustic Crossing in Binary Microlensing Events


  We fit binary lens models to the data covering the initial part of real
microlensing events in an attempt to predict the time of the second caustic
crossing. We use approximations during the initial search through the parameter
space for light curves that roughly match the observed ones. Exact methods for
calculating the lens magnification of an extended source are used when we
refine our best initial models. Our calculations show that the reliable
prediction of the second crossing can only be made very late, when the light
curve has risen appreciably after the minimum between the two
caustic-crossings. The best observational strategy is therefore to sample as
frequently as possible once the light curve starts to rise after the minimum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123875 </DOCNO>
Binary Masses as a Test for Pre-Main-Sequence Models


  Observations of binaries have traditionally provided the means for
ascertaining stellar masses. Here, we use the published data on 8
pre-main-sequence pairs to gauge the accuracy of our own, recently calculated,
evolutionary tracks (Palla & Stahler 1999). We consider both eclipsing,
double-lined spectroscopic binaries, which provide the mass of each star
separately, and non-eclipsing, double-lined systems, which yield only the
ratio. We also analyze the visual, quadruple system GG Tau, for which the sum
of the two component masses follows from observations of the circumbinary disk.
  In almost all cases, our theoretically derived masses or mass ratios are in
good agreement with the empirical values. For two binaries (NTTS 162814-2427
and P1540), the observational results are still too uncertain for a proper
comparison. We also find that the derived contraction ages within each
pre-main-sequence pair are nearly equal. This result extends earlier findings
regarding visual pairs, and indicates that the components of all binaries form
in proximity, perhaps within the same dense cloud core. Finally, our study
reveals that the Trapezium star BM Ori is very young, since both the star
itself and its companion have contraction ages less than 10^5 years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5368 </DOCNO>
Structural properties of molten silicates from ab initio


  We present the results of first-principles molecular-dynamics simulations of
molten silicates, based on the density functional formalism. In particular, the
structural properties of a calcium aluminosilicate $ [$ CaO-Al$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$
$ ]$ melt are compared to those of a silica melt. The local structures of the
two melts are in good agreement with the experimental understanding of these
systems. In the calcium aluminosilicate melt, the number of non-bridging
oxygens found is in excess of the number obtained from a simple stoichiometric
prediction. In addition, the aluminum avoidance principle, which states that
links between AlO$_4$ tetrahedra are absent or rare, is found to be violated.
Defects such as 2-fold rings and 5-fold coordinated silicon atoms are found in
comparable proportions in both liquids. However, in the calcium aluminosilicate
melt, a larger proportion of oxygen atoms are 3-fold coordinated. In addition,
5-fold coordinated aluminum atoms are observed. Finally evidence of creation
and anihilation of non-bridging oxygens is observed, with these oxygens being
mostly connected to Si tetrahedra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2535 </DOCNO>
From nonlinear scaling fields to critical amplitudes


  We propose to combine the nonlinear scaling fields associated with the
high-temperature (HT) fixed point, with those associated with the unstable
fixed point, in order to calculate the susceptibility and other thermodynamic
quantities. The general strategy relies on simple linear relations between the
HT scaling fields and the thermodynamic quantities, and the estimation of RG
invariants formed out of the two sets of scaling fields. This estimation
requires convergent expansions in overlapping domains. If, in addition, the
initial values of the scaling fields associated with the unstable fixed point
can be calculated from the temperature and the parameters appearing in the
microscopic Hamiltonian, one can estimate the critical amplitudes. This
strategy has been developed using Dyson's hierarchical model where all the
steps can be approximately implemented with good accuracy. We show numerically
that for this model (and a simplified version of it), the required overlap
apparently occurs, allowing an accurate determination of the critical
amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98382 </DOCNO>
C*-Structure and K-Theory of Boutet de Monvel's Algebra


  We consider the norm closure $A$ of the algebra of all operators of order and
class zero in Boutet de Monvel's calculus on a manifold $X$ with boundary $Y$.
We first describe the image and the kernel of the continuous extension of the
boundary principal symbol to $A$. If the $X$ is connected and $Y$ is not empty,
we then show that the K-groups of $A$ are topologically determined. In case the
manifold, its boundary and the tangent space of the interior have torsion-free
K-theory, we prove that $K_i(A/K)$ is isomorphic to the direct sum of
$K_i(C(X))$ and $K_{1-i}(C_0(TX'))$, for i=0,1, with $K$ denoting the compact
ideal and $TX'$ the tangent bundle of the interior of $X$. Using Boutet de
Monvel's index theorem, we also prove this result for i=1 without assuming the
torsion-free hypothesis. We also give a composition sequence for $A$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1908 </DOCNO>
Backscattering in carbon nanotubes : role of quantum interference


  For similar disorder, the backscattering contribution to the conductivity,
irrelevant for metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes, is proved to become
more significant for doped semiconducting systems, as found in experiments. In
the case of multi-walled nanotubes, the intershell coupling is further shown to
enhance the contribution of backscattering for "metallic" double-walled,
whereas it remains insignificant for "metallic/semiconducting" double-walled
systems. This supports that MWNTs are long ballistic conductors close to the
charge neutrality point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1249 </DOCNO>
Two-band model and MgB$_2$ superconductivity


  A simple two-band model with interband scattering of intraband pairs is
applied to MgB$_2$ superconductivity. An adjustable parameters set is chosen.
The calculated $T_c$ vs doping, isotope exponent and the heat capacity jump are
in qualitative agreement with the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73334 </DOCNO>
Low-scale Quantum Gravity and Double Nucleon Decay


  In models with a low quantum gravity scale, one might expect sizable effects
from nonrenormalizable interactions that violate the global symmetries of the
standard model. While some mechanism must be invoked in such theories to
suppress higher-dimension operators that contribute to proton decay, operators
that change baryon number by two units are less dangerous and may be present at
phenomenologically interesting levels. Here we focus on Delta B=2 operators
that also change strangeness. We demonstrate how to compute explicitly a
typical nucleon-nucleon decay amplitude, assuming a nonvanishing six-quark
cluster probability and MIT bag model wave functions. We then use our results
to estimate the rate for other possible modes. We find that such
baryon-number-violating decays may be experimentally accessible if the
operators in question are present and the Planck scale is less than ~ 400 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169327 </DOCNO>
Localization and Causality for a free particle


  Theorems (most notably by Hegerfeldt) prove that an initially localized
particle whose time evolution is determined by a positive Hamiltonian will
violate causality. We argue that this apparent paradox is resolved for a free
particle described by either the Dirac equation or the Klein-Gordon equation
because such a particle cannot be localized in the sense required by the
theorems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1505 </DOCNO>
Electrical and thermal transport properties in high T_c superconductors


  Experimental studies of the electric and heat currents in the normal,
superconducting and mixed states of high T$_c$ superconductors (HTcS) lead to
characterization, complementary to data obtained from equilibrium property
based techniques. A magnetic field superimposed on the superconducting sample
generates {\it magneto-transport phenomena}, from which an excess electrical
resistivity, an excess thermoelectric power, the Hall or the Nernst effect.
Different behavioral effects allow one to distinguish various dissipation
mechanisms, like quasi particle scattering, vortex motion dissipation and
superconductivity fluctuations, in particular when the Corbino geometry is
used. Moreover bulk measurements of the thermal conductivity and the
electrothermal conductivity in a magnetic field give us sure indications of the
order parameter symmetry. The location of the mixed state phase transition
lines in the technological phase diagram of HTcS are briefly pointed out
through precise measurements performed over broad temperature and magnetic
field ranges. The results are mainly reviewed with the aim of defining further
investigation lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4130 </DOCNO>
Phase Separation and Coarsening in Electrostatically Driven Granular


  A continuum model for the phase separation and coarsening, observed in
electrostatically driven granular media, is formulated in terms of a
Ginzburg-Landau equation subject to conservation of the total number of grains.
In the regime of well-developed clusters, the continuum model is used to derive
"sharp-interface" equations that govern the dynamics of the interphase
boundary. The model captures the essential physics of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96378 </DOCNO>
Clusters of Cycles


  A {\it cluster of cycles} (or {\it $(r,q)$-polycycle}) is a simple planar
2--co nnected finite or countable graph $G$ of girth $r$ and maximal
vertex-degree $q$, which admits {\it $(r,q)$-polycyclic realization} on the
plane, denote it by $P(G)$, i.e. such that: (i) all interior vertices are of
degree $q$, (ii) all interior faces (denote their number by $p_r$) are
combinatorial $r$-gons and (implied by (i), (ii)) (iii) all vertices, edges and
interior faces form a cell-complex.
  An example of $(r,q)$-polycycle is the skeleton of $(r^q)$, i.e. of the
$q$-valent partition of the sphere $S^2$, Euclidean plane $R^2$ or hyperbolic
plane $H^2$ by regular $r$-gons. Call {\it spheric} pairs
$(r,q)=(3,3),(3,4),(4,3),(3,5),(5,3)$; for those five pairs $P(r^q)$ is $(r^q)$
without the exterior face; otherwise $P(r^q)=(r^q)$.
  We give here a compact survey of results on $(r,q)$-polycycles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125766 </DOCNO>
Aspects of the dynamics underlying solar and stellar dynamo models


  Observations of the Sun and solar-type stars continue to reveal phenomena
whose understanding is very likely to require a nonlinear framework. Here we
shall concentrate on two such phenomena, namely the grand minima type behaviour
observed in the Sun and solar-type stars and the recent dynamical variations of
the differential rotation in the solar convection zone, deduced from the
helioseismic observations, and discuss how their explanations have recently
motivated the development/employment of novel ideas from nonlinear dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86820 </DOCNO>
Bounding the mass of the graviton using binary pulsar observations


  The close agreement between the predictions of dynamical general relativity
for the radiated power of a compact binary system and the observed orbital
decay of the binary pulsars PSR B1913+16 and PSR B1534+12 allows us to bound
the graviton mass to be less than $7.6\times10^{-20}$ eV with 90% confidence.
This bound is the first to be obtained from dynamic, as opposed to
static-field, relativity. The resulting limit on the graviton mass is within
two orders of magnitude of that from solar system measurements, and can be
expected to improve with further observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127242 </DOCNO>
Ring diagram analysis of the characteristics of solar oscillation modes


  The presence of intense magnetic fields in and around sunspots is expected to
modify the solar structure and oscillation frequencies. Applying the ring
diagram technique to data from the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) on board the
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), we analyze the characteristics of
high-degree f and p modes near active regions and compare them with the
characteristics of the modes in quiet regions. As expected from earlier
results, the f- and p-mode frequencies of high degree modes are found to be
significantly larger in magnetically active regions. In addition, we find that
the power in both f and p modes is lower in active regions, while the widths of
the peaks are larger, indicating smaller lifetimes. We also find that the
oscillation modes are more asymmetric in active regions than those in quiet
regions, indicating that modes in active regions are excited closer to the
surface. While the increase in mode frequency is monotonic in frequency, all
other characteristics show more complex frequency dependences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95885 </DOCNO>
Order structure on the algebra of permutations and of planar binary


  In "Hopf algebra of the planar binary trees", Adv. Math. 139 (1998), no. 2,
293--309, we constructed by induction a graded associative product on the
vector space generated by the planar binary trees (resp. the permutations). In
the present paper we prove an explicit formula for this product in terms of a
partial order on the set of planar binary trees (resp. the weak Bruhat order on
the symmetric groups).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76866 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Scaling Property of Factorial Moments in Hadronic Z


  Both three- and one-dimensional studies of local multiplicity fluctuations in
hadronic Z decay are performed using data of the L3 experiment at LEP. The
normalized factorial moments in three dimensions exhibit power-law scaling,
indicating that the fluctuations are isotropic, which correspends to a
self-similar fractal. A detailed study of the corresponding one-dimensional
moments confirms this conclusion. However, two-jet subsamples have anisotropic
fluctuations, correspending to a self-affine fractal. These features are, at
least qualitatively, reproduced by the Monte Carlo models \JETSET and \HERWIG.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125717 </DOCNO>
The Universal Mass Accretion History of CDM Haloes


  We use the extended Press-Schechter formalism to investigate the rate at
which cold dark matter haloes accrete mass. We discuss the shortcomings of
previous methods that have been used to compute the mass accretion histories of
dark matter haloes, and present an improved method based on the N-branch merger
tree algorithm of Somerville & Kolatt. We show that this method no longer
suffers from inconsistencies in halo formation times, and compare its
predictions with high resolution N-body simulations. Although the overall
agreement is reasonable, there are slight inconsistencies which are most easily
interpreted as a reflection of ellipsoidal collapse (as opposed to spherical
collapse assumed in the Press-Schechter formalism). We show that the average
mass accretion histories follow a simple, universal profile, and we present a
recipe for computing the two scale-parameters which is applicable to a wide
range of halo masses and cosmologies. Together with the universal profiles for
the density and angular momentum distributions of CDM haloes, these universal
mass accretion histories provide a simple but accurate framework for modeling
the structure and formation of dark matter haloes. In particular, they can be
used as a backbone for modeling various aspects of galaxy formation where one
is not interested in the detailed effects of merging. As an example we use the
universal mass accretion history to compute the rate at which haloes accrete
mass, which we compare to the cosmic star formation history of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123575 </DOCNO>
The spectrum of V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's object) in August, 1998


  Theoretical spectral energy distributions are computed for a grid of
hydrogen-deficient and carbon-rich model atmospheres with a range in T(eff) of
4000 - 5500 K and log g of 1.0 - 0.0, using the technique of opacity sampling,
and taking into account continuous, atomic line and molecular band absorption.
The energy distributions are compared with the spectrum of V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's
object) of August 12, 1998 in the wavelength interval 300-1000 nm. This
comparison yields an effective temperature of V4334 Sgr of T(eff) = 5250+/-200
K, and a value for the interstellar plus circumstellar reddening of E(B-V) =
1.3+/-0.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148861 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics and Determinism


  It is shown how to map the quantum states of a system of free scalar
particles one-to-one onto the states of a completely deterministic model. It is
a classical field theory with a large (global) gauge group. The mapping is now
also applied to free Maxwell fields. Lorentz invariance is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41674 </DOCNO>
Alternative Signature of TeV Strings


  In string theory, it is well known that any hard scattering amplitude
inevitably suffers exponential suppression. We demonstrate that, if the string
scale is M_s < 2TeV, this intrinsically stringy behavior leads to a dramatic
reduction in the QCD jet production rate with very high transverse momenta p_T
> 2TeV at LHC. This suppression is sufficient to be observed in the first year
of low-luminosity running. Our prediction is based on the universal behavior of
string theory, and therefore is qualitatively model-independent. This signature
is alternative and complementary to conventional ones such as Regge resonance
(or string ball/black hole) production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1892 </DOCNO>
Fractal Nature and Scaling Exponent of Non-Drude Currents in Non-Fermi


  In many oxides of the perovskite and pseudoperovskite families there are
phase transitions between insulating and normal metallic (Fermi liquid) phases
that are separated by an intermediate phase that is often called a non-Fermi
liquid (NFL). The dc resistivity of the intermediate or NFL phase often
exhibits a T temperature dependence, in contrast to the T2 dependence expected
from a bad normal metal. The same alloys exhibit a non-Drude (ND) w2alpha
frequency dependence, with alpha ~ 0.5, in contrast to the Drude dependence w2
characteristic of samples with the T2 behavior. Various attempts have been made
to modify the algebra of continuum Fermi liquid theory (FLT) to derive the ND
exponent alpha, but these have been based on artifices designed to explain only
this one parameter. The discrete filamentary model has been used to calculate
many properties of high temperature superconductors, and to explain the
asymmetric nature of the intermediate phase. Here it is used to derive a by the
same rules previously used for several other discrete relaxation calculations
that are in excellent agreement with other quite different experiments. The
results are: (cubic) perovskites, alpha = 0.45, and planar conductivity of
bilayered pseudoperovskites, alpha = 0.70. The corresponding experimental
values are (0.4, 0.5) and 0.7.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125812 </DOCNO>
Chemical Abundances from Inversions of Stellar Spectra: Analysis of


  Spectra of late-type stars are usually analyzed with static model atmospheres
in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and a homogeneous plane-parallel or
spherically symmetric geometry. The energy balance requires particular
attention, as two elements which are particularly difficult to model play an
important role: line blanketing and convection. Inversion techniques are able
to bypass the difficulties of a detailed description of the energy balance.
Assuming that the atmosphere is in hydrostatic equilibrium and LTE, it is
possible to constrain its structure from spectroscopic observations. Among the
most serious approximations still implicit in the method is a static and
homogeneous geometry. In this paper, we take advantage of a realistic
three-dimensional radiative hydrodynamical simulation of the solar surface to
check the systematic errors incurred by an inversion assuming a plane-parallel
horizontally-homogeneous atmosphere. The thermal structure recovered resembles
the spatial and time average of the three-dimensional atmosphere. Furthermore,
the abundances retrieved are typically within 10% (0.04 dex) of the abundances
used to construct the simulation. The application to a fairly complete dataset
from the solar spectrum provides further confidence in previous analyses of the
solar composition. There is only a narrow range of one-dimensional thermal
structures able to fit the absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun. With
our carefully selected dataset, random errors are about a factor of two smaller
than systematic errors. A small number of strong metal lines can provide very
reliable results. We foresee no major difficulty in applying the technique to
other similar stars, and obtaining similar accuracies, using spectra with a
resolving power about 50,000 and a signal-to-noise ratio as low as 30.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123417 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX spectroscopy of the luminous X-ray sources in M33


  The nearby galaxy M33 was observed by the imaging X-ray instruments on-board
BeppoSAX. Two observations at different phases of the 105.9 day intensity cycle
of the luminous central source X-8 failed to reveal the expected modulation,
suggesting that it is probably transitory. Similar behavior has been observed
from several X-ray binary sources. This strengthens somewhat the idea that M33
X-8 is a black hole accreting from a binary companion. The 0.2-10 keV spectrum
of M33 X-8 can best be modeled by an absorbed power-law with a photon index of
1.89 +0.40 -0.79 and a disk-blackbody with a temperature, kT, of 1.10 +/0 0.05
keV and a projected inner-disk radius of 55.4 +6.0 -7.7 km. This spectral shape
is in good agreement with earlier ASCA results. The 2-10 keV spectra of M33
X-4, X-5, X-7, X-9 and X-10 are all consistent with power-law or bremsstrahlung
models, whilst that of X-6 appears to be significantly more complex and may be
reasonably well modeled with a disk-blackbody with kT = 1.7 +/- 0.2 keV and a
projected inner-disk radius of 7 +/- 2 km. The spectrum of M33 X-9 is rather
hard with a photon index of 1.3. Compared to earlier Einstein and ROSAT
observations, M33 X-7 and X-9 varied in intensity, M33 X-4, X-6, and X-10 may
have varied and M33 X-5 remained constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86983 </DOCNO>
On the tidally induced gravitational collapse of a particle cluster


  An important issue in the dynamics of neutron star binaries is whether tidal
interaction can cause the individual stars to collapse into black holes during
inspiral. To understand this issue better, we study the dynamics of a cluster
of collisionless particles orbiting a non-rotating black hole, which is part of
a widely separated circular binary. The companion body's electric- and
magnetic-type tidal fields distort the black hole and perturb the cluster,
eventually causing the cluster to collapse into the hole as the companion
spirals in under the influence of gravitational radiation reaction. We find
that magnetic-type tidal forces do not significantly influence the evolution of
the cluster as a whole. However, individual orbits can be strongly affected by
these forces. For example, some orbits are destabilized due to the addition of
magnetic-type tidal forces. We find that the most stable orbits are close to
the companion's orbital plane and retrograde with respect to the companion's
orbit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6500 </DOCNO>
The interplay between double exchange, super-exchange, and Lifshitz


  Considering the disorder caused in manganites by the substitution of Mn by Fe
or Ga, we accomplish a systematic study of doped manganites begun in previous
papers. To this end, a disordered model is formulated and solved using the
Variational Mean Field technique. The subtle interplay between double exchange,
super-exchange, and disorder causes similar effects on the dependence of T_C on
the percentage of Mn substitution in the cases considered. Yet, in
La$_{2/3}$Ca$_{1/3}$Mn$_{1-y}$Ga$_y$O$_3$ our results suggest a quantum
critical point (QCP) for $y\approx 0.1-0.2$, associated to the localization of
the electronic states of the conduction band. In the case of
La$_x$Ca$_x$Mn$_{1-y}$Fe$_y$O$_3$ (with $x=1/3,3/8$) no such QCP is expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87037 </DOCNO>
No Chaos in Brane-World Cosmology


  We discuss the asymptotic dynamical evolution of spatially homogeneous
brane-world cosmological models close to the initial singularity. We find that
generically the cosmological singularity is isotropic in Bianchi type IX
brane-world models and consequently these models do not exhibit Mixmaster or
chaotic-like behaviour close to the initial singularity. We argue that this is
typical of more general cosmological models in the brane-world scenario. In
particular, we show that an isotropic singularity is a past-attractor in all
orthogonal Bianchi models and is a local past-attractor in a class of
inhomogeneous brane-world models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83751 </DOCNO>
Applying Natural Language Generation to Indicative Summarization


  The task of creating indicative summaries that help a searcher decide whether
to read a particular document is a difficult task. This paper examines the
indicative summarization task from a generation perspective, by first analyzing
its required content via published guidelines and corpus analysis. We show how
these summaries can be factored into a set of document features, and how an
implemented content planner uses the topicality document feature to create
indicative multidocument query-based summaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128851 </DOCNO>
Globular Cluster Systems and the Missing Satellite Problem: Implications


  We analyze the metallicity distributions of globular clusters belonging to 28
early-type galaxies in the survey of Kundu & Whitmore (2001). A Monte Carlo
algorithm which simulates the chemical evolution of galaxies that grow
hierarchically via dissipationless mergers is used to determine the most
probable protogalactic mass function for each galaxy. Contrary to the claims of
Kundu & Whitmore, we find that the observed metallicity distributions are in
close agreement with the predictions of such hierarchical formation models. The
mass spectrum of protogalactic fragments for the galaxies in our sample has a
power-law behavior, with an exponent of roughly -2. This spectrum is
indistinguishable from the mass spectrum of dark matter halos predicted by cold
dark matter models for structure formation. We argue that these protogalactic
fragments, the likely sites of globular cluster formation in the early
universe, are the disrupted remains of the "missing" satellite galaxies
predicted by cold dark matter models. Our findings suggest that the solution to
the missing satellite problem is through the suppression of gas accretion in
low-mass halos after reionization, or via self-interacting dark matter, and
argue against models with suppressed small-scale power or warm dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 481 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Field Induced Gap and Kink Behavior of Thermal Conductivity


  The thermal conductivity of a quasiparticle (QP) system described by a
relativistic four-fermion interaction model in the presence of an external
magnetic field is calculated. It is shown that, for narrow width of
quasiparticles, the thermal conductivity, as a function of the applied magnetic
field, exhibits a kink behavior at a critical field $B_{c}\sim T^{2}$. The kink
is due to the opening of a gap in the QP spectrum at a critical magnetic field
$B_c$ and to the enhancement of the transitions between the zeroth and first
Landau levels. Possible applications of the results are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75281 </DOCNO>
Small Active and Sterile Neutrino Masses from the TeV Scale


  A new mechanism for understanding small neutrino masses using only simple new
physics at the TeV scale is proposed. As an application, it is shown how it can
naturally lead to the mass hierarchy of the so called bimaximal mixing in the
case of three active neutrinos, or the (3+1) scenarios for sterile neutrinos,
using only the $SU(2)_L$ quantum numbers of the particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127706 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Lyman Forest with VLT/UVES


  A sample of 8 QSOs with 1.7 < z_em < 3.7 has been observed with VLT/UVES at a
typical resolution 45000 and S/N~40-50. Thanks to the two-arm design of the
spectrograph, a remarkable efficiency has been achieved below 400nm and above
800nm, which translates immediately in the possibility of obtaining new
results, especially at z<2.5. We report here new insight gained about the
evolution of the number density of Ly-a lines, their column density
distribution, the ionizing UV background and the cosmic baryon density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81457 </DOCNO>
Reaching the continuum limit in lattice gauge theory - without a


  The scaling slope of the anti-symmetric mass gap M of compact U(1)_{2+1}
lattice gauge theory is obtained analytically in the Hamiltonian formalism
using the plaquette expansion. Based on the first four moments of the
Hamiltonian with respect to a one-plaquette mean field state the results
demonstrate clear scaling of M at and beyond the transition from strong to weak
coupling. The scaling parameters determined agree well with the range of
numerical determinations available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127769 </DOCNO>
Hands-On TAROT: Intercontinental use of the TAROT for Education and


  The TAROT telescope has for primary goal the search for the prompt optical
counterpart of Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts. It is a completely autonomous 25cm
telescope installed near Nice (France), able to point any location of the sky
within 1-2 seconds. The control, scheduling, and data processing activities are
completely automated, so the instrument is completely autonomous. In addition
to its un-manned modes, we added recently the possibility to remotely control
the telescope, as a request of the "Hands-On Universe" (HOU) program for
exchange of time within automatic telescopes for the education and public
outreach. To this purpose we developed a simple control interface. A webcam was
installed to visualize the telescope. Access to the data is possible through a
web interface. The images can be processed by the HOU software, a program
specially suited for use within the classroom. We experienced these feature
during the open days of the University of California Berkeley and the Astronomy
Festival of Fleurance (France). We plan a regular use for an astronomy course
of the Museum of Tokyo, as well as for French schools. Not only does Hands-On
TAROT gives the general public an access to professional astronomy, but it is
also a more general tool to demonstrate the use of a complex automated system,
the techniques of data processing and automation. Last but not least, through
the use of telescopes located in many countries over the globe, a form of
powerful and genuine cooperation between teachers and children from various
countries is promoted, with a clear educational goal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169471 </DOCNO>
Stochastic quantization of the linearized gravitational field


  Stochastic field equations for linearized gravity are presented. The theory
is compared with the usual quantum field theory and questions of Lorentz
covariance are discussed. The classical radiation approximation is also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127613 </DOCNO>
The evolution of galaxy clustering since z=1


  We present results of an investigation of clustering evolution of field
galaxies between a redshift of z~1 and the present epoch. The current analysis
relies on a sample of ~3600 galaxies from the Calar Alto Deep Imaging Survey
(CADIS). The multicolor classification and redshift determination is reliable
up to I=23. The redshift distribution extends to z~1.1, the resolution is Delta
cz=12000 km s^-1. Thus the amplitude of the three-dimensional correlation
function has to be estimated by means of the projected correlation function
w(r_p). The validity of the deprojection was tested on the Las Campanas
Redshift Survey (LCRS). The LCRS also serves as ''local'' measurement. We
invented a new method to overcome the influence of redshift errors on w(r_p).
For evolution of the clustering strength the ansatz xi(r_com,z)proportional to
(1+z)^q is used. For the galaxies as a whole the evolution parameter turns out
to be q~-1.9, according to the prediction of linear theory. A formal dependency
on the cosmology is presumably due to the small number of fields observed.
However, the measured clustering growth clearly depends on Hubble type. At z~1
early type galaxies are already much stronger clustered, an increase with q~-1
is sufficient to explain the present day amplitude of the correlation function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113754 </DOCNO>
Decoupled Moderators - Do we always need them? or: A New Approach for


  At a spallation neutron source, the wavelength of a neutron is generally
determined by its time-of-flight (TOF) from the source to the detector. The
achievable precision is ultimately limited by the non-zero emission time-width
of the source/moderator system. Particularly, coupled moderators that are used
to produce high intensity cold neutron beams show long "tails" in the
intensity/time distribution for all wavelengths. For this reason much less
intense decoupled moderators are often used for instruments that require high
resolution. We present here a novel technique for dynamic energy filtering of
thermal and cold polarized neutron beams. The device consists of a
polarizer/analyzer system and an energy-selective spin-resonance flipper. By
drifting its resonance condition in synchronization with the TOF, the filter
controls the energy resolution of a broad bandwidth TOF neutron pulse.
Calculations show that substantial resolution gains are obtainable by applying
this technique to a TOF neutron reflectometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72596 </DOCNO>
CompHEP-PYTHIA interface: integrated package for the collision events


  CompHEP, as a partonic event generator, and PYTHIA, as a generator of final
states of detectable objects, are interfaced. Thus, integrated tool is proposed
for simulation of (almost) arbitrary collision processes at the level of
detectable particles. Exact (multiparticle) matrix elements, convolution with
structure functions, decays, partons hadronization and (optionally) parton
shower evolution are basic stages of calculations. The PEVLIB library of event
generators for LHC processes is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1867 </DOCNO>
"Single Ring Theorem" and the Disk-Annulus Phase Transition


  Recently, an analytic method was developed to study in the large $N$ limit
non-hermitean random matrices that are drawn from a large class of circularly
symmetric non-Gaussian probability distributions, thus extending the existing
Gaussian non-hermitean literature. One obtains an explicit algebraic equation
for the integrated density of eigenvalues from which the Green's function and
averaged density of eigenvalues could be calculated in a simple manner. Thus,
that formalism may be thought of as the non-hermitean analog of the method due
to Br\'ezin, Itzykson, Parisi and Zuber for analyzing hermitean non-Gaussian
random matrices. A somewhat surprising result is the so called "Single Ring"
theorem, namely, that the domain of the eigenvalue distribution in the complex
plane is either a disk or an annulus. In this paper we extend previous results
and provide simple new explicit expressions for the radii of the eigenvalue
distiobution and for the value of the eigenvalue density at the edges of the
eigenvalue distribution of the non-hermitean matrix in terms of moments of the
eigenvalue distribution of the associated hermitean matrix. We then present
several numerical verifications of the previously obtained analytic results for
the quartic ensemble and its phase transition from a disk shaped eigenvalue
distribution to an annular distribution. Finally, we demonstrate numerically
the "Single Ring" theorem for the sextic potential, namely, the potential of
lowest degree for which the "Single Ring" theorem has non-trivial consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179162 </DOCNO>
Shell-Model Description of Lambda Hypernuclei


  Empirical data on the spectra of light hypernuclei, especially the data from
recent gamma-ray experiments, is used to constrain the parameters which govern
the p(nucleon)s(Lambda) and p(nucleon)p(Lambda) two-body matrix elements that
enter into shell-model calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83540 </DOCNO>
Deterministic computations whose history is independent of the order of


  Consider a network of processors (sites) in which each site x has a finite
set N(x) of neighbors. There is a transition function f that for each site x
computes the next state \xi(x) from the states in N(x). But these transitions
(updates) are applied in arbitrary order, one or many at a time. If the state
of site x at time t is \eta(x,t) then let us define the sequence \zeta(x,0),
\zeta(x,1), ... by taking the sequence \eta(x,0), \eta(x,1), ..., and deleting
repetitions. The function f is said to have invariant histories if the sequence
\zeta(x,i), (while it lasts, in case it is finite) depends only on the initial
configuration, not on the order of updates.
  This paper shows that though the invariant history property is typically
undecidable, there is a useful simple sufficient condition, called
commutativity: For any configuration, for any pair x,y of neighbors, if the
updating would change both \xi(x) and \xi(y) then the result of updating first
x and then y is the same as the result of doing this in the reverse order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124976 </DOCNO>
Serendipitous discovery of a cluster of galaxies with a peculiar central


  We report the serendipitous discovery of a cluster of galaxies at z=0.369.
Thirty-eight candidate members were identified based on rough broad-band
photometric redshifts, and three members were confirmed spectroscopically. The
brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) is exceptionally blue, with B-V=0.12 and
V-I=1.02. The surface-brightness profile of the BCG follows an r^(1/4)-law
profile out to 3" in all three bands. The effective radius is significantly
smaller in bluer bandpasses, resulting in a blue core and a color gradient
opposite to the metallicity-induced color gradient observed in typical
elliptical galaxies. Beyond 3" an extended envelope of emission in excess of
the r^(1/4)-law profile is observed, the position angle of which coincides with
the major axis of the galaxy cluster. The spectrum of the BCG contains strong
Balmer absorption, a minimal 4000 A break, and a broad Mg II emission line,
suggesting that the galaxy has undergone recent star formation and may harbor a
central AGN. The presence of numerous nearby bright stars makes this cluster an
interesting target for next-generation adaptive optics using natural guide
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128419 </DOCNO>
5-micron photometry of late-type dwarfs


  We present narrowband-M photometry of nine low-mass dwarfs with spectral
types ranging from M2.5 to L0.5. Combining the (L'-M') colours derived from our
observations with data from the literature, we find colours consistent with a
Rayleigh-Jeans flux distribution for spectral types earlier than M5, but
enhanced F_3.8/F_4.7 flux ratios (negative (L'-M') colours) at later spectral
types. This probably reflects increased absorption at M' due to the CO
fundamental band. We compare our results against recent model predictions and
briefly discuss the implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7262 </DOCNO>
Symmetries and Elasticity of Nematic Gels


  A nematic liquid-crystal gel is a macroscopically homogeneous elastic medium
with the rotational symmetry of a nematic liquid crystal. In this paper, we
develop a general approach to the study of these gels that incorporates all
underlying symmetries. After reviewing traditional elasticity and clarifying
the role of broken rotational symmetries in both the reference space of points
in the undistorted medium and the target space into which these points are
mapped, we explore the unusual properties of nematic gels from a number of
perspectives. We show how symmetries of nematic gels formed via spontaneous
symmetry breaking from an isotropic gel enforce soft elastic response
characterized by the vanishing of a shear modulus and the vanishing of stress
up to a critical value of strain along certain directions. We also study the
phase transition from isotropic to nematic gels. In addition to being fully
consistent with approaches to nematic gels based on rubber elasticity, our
description has the important advantages of being independent of a microscopic
model, of emphasizing and clarifying the role of broken symmetries in
determining elastic response, and of permitting easy incorporation of spatial
variations, thermal fluctuations, and gel heterogeneity, thereby allowing a
full statistical-mechanical treatment of these novel materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77072 </DOCNO>
Updated Analysis of Some Two-Body Charmless B Decays


  New data from the BaBar, Belle, and CLEO Collaborations on B decays to
two-body charmless final states are analyzed, with the following consequences:
(1) The penguin amplitude which dominates the decay $B^+ \to \pi^+ K^{*0}$ has
a magnitude similar to that dominating $B^+ \to \pi^+ K^0$. (2) The decay $B^+
\to \pi^+ \eta$, a good candidate for observing direct CP violation, should be
detectable at present levels of sensitivity. (3) The decays $B^+ \to \eta' K^+$
and $B^+ \to \eta K^{*+}$ are sufficiently similar in rate to the corresponding
decays $B^0 \to \eta' K^0$ and $B^0 \to \eta K^{*0}$, respectively, that one
cannot yet infer the need for ``tree'' amplitudes $t'$ contributing to the
$B^+$ but not the $B^0$ decays. Statistical requirements for observing this and
other examples of tree-penguin interference are given. (4) Whereas the $B^+ \to
\eta' K^+$ and $B^0 \to \eta' K^0$ rates cannot be accounted for by the penguin
amplitude $p'$ alone but require an additional flavor-singlet penguin
contribution $s'$, no such flavor-singlet penguin contribution is yet called
for in the decays $B^+ \to \eta K^{*+}$ or $B^0 \to \eta K^{*0}$. Predictions
for the rates for $B^+ \to \eta' K^{*+}$ and $B^0 \to \eta' K^{*0}$ are given
which would allow one to gauge the importance of these flavor-singlet penguin
amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 38 </DOCNO>
On the problem of Yb_{4}As_{3}


  Based on a perusal of available experimental data, we propose a possible
explanation for the heavy-fermion Fermi liquid state coexisting with quasi-one
dimensional antiferromagnetism in the low-carrier pnictide Yb_{4}As_{3}. Both
of these low temperature features are shown to originate from one single fact -
the charge ordered state forming at high-T is imperfect, due to quantum
fluctuations in the CO state. The quasi-1D magnetism is understood in terms of
the physics of the squeezed Heisenberg chain, while the heavy fermion-like
behavior arises from the compensation of the fraction of the Yb moments (which
are disordered) by the 2p band of As. The proposed picture shows how the
seemingly strange features observed experimentally can be reconciled as a
result of this single hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148029 </DOCNO>
Comments on Unstable Branes


  We argue that type II string theories contain unstable NS4 branes, which
descend from a conjectured unstable M4 brane of M-theory. Assuming that an M2
brane can arise in M5 brane/anti-brane annihilation, the unstable M4 brane, and
also an unstable M3 brane, must exist as sphalerons. We compare the tensions of
the unstable NS4 branes, M4 brane, and related type II unstable D-branes, and
present 11d supergravity solutions for unstable Mp branes for all p. We study
the Z_2 gauge symmetry on the worldvolume of unstable branes, and argue that it
can never be unbroken in the presence of lower brane charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3810 </DOCNO>
Physical Kinetics of Ferroelectric Hysteresis


  The physical kinetics of single domain ferroelectric materials are studied
using Landau-Khalatnikov equation. The hysteretic curves are obtained
numerically. The effective coercive electric field theoretically varies with
the driving amplitude and frequency. The effects of thermal noise are explored
using the Fokker-Planck kinetic equation. The ferroelectric switching times are
discussed and Quantum effects are briefly explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76171 </DOCNO>
Brane Gases on K3 and Calabi-Yau Manifolds


  We initiate the study of Brane Gas Cosmology (BGC) on manifolds with
non-trivial holonomy. Such compactifications are required within the context of
superstring theory in order to make connections with realistic particle
physics. We study the dynamics of brane gases constructed from various string
theories on background spaces having a K3 submanifold. The K3 compactifications
provide a stepping stone for generalising the model to the case of a full
Calabi-Yau three-fold. Duality symmetries are discussed within a cosmological
context. Using a duality, we arrive at an N=2 theory in four-dimensions
compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold with SU(3) holonomy. We argue that the
Brane Gas model compactified on such spaces maintains the successes of the
trivial toroidal compactification while greatly enhancing its connection to
particle physics. The initial state of the Universe is taken to be a small, hot
and dense gas of p-branes near thermal equilibrium. The Universe has no initial
singularity and the dynamics of string winding modes allow three spatial
dimensions to grow large, providing a possible solution to the dimensionality
problem of string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1655 </DOCNO>
Molecular dynamic simulation of a homogeneous bcc -> hcp transition


  We have performed molecular dynamic simulations of a Martensitic bcc->hcp
transformation in a homogeneous system. The system evolves into three
Martensitic variants, sharing a common nearest neighbor vector along a bcc
<111> direction, plus an fcc region. Nucleation occurs locally, followed by
subsequent growth. We monitor the time-dependent scattering S(q,t) during the
transformation, and find anomalous, Brillouin zone-dependent scattering similar
to that observed experimentally in a number of systems above the transformation
temperature. This scattering is shown to be related to the elastic strain
associated with the transformation, and is not directly related to the phonon
response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 121 </DOCNO>
Spin-based quantum computation in multielectron quantum dots


  In a quantum computer the hardware and software are intrinsically connected
because the quantum Hamiltonian (or more precisely its time development) is the
code that runs the computer. We demonstrate this subtle and crucial
relationship by considering the example of electron-spin-based solid state
quantum computer in semiconductor quantum dots. We show that multielectron
quantum dots with one valence electron in the outermost shell do not behave
simply as an effective single spin system unless special conditions are
satisfied. Our work compellingly demonstrates that a delicate synergy between
theory and experiment (between software and hardware) is essential for
constructing a quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124734 </DOCNO>
In ice radio detection of GZK neutrinos


  Models for the source and propagation of cosmic rays are stressed by
observations of cosmic rays with energies $E>10^{20}$ eV. A key discriminant
between different models may be complementary observations of neutrinos with
energies $E>10^{18}$ eV. Independent of the source of the cosmic rays,
neutrinos are produced during propagation via the GZK mechanism. Event rates
for GZK neutrinos are expected to be in the range of $0.01-0.1$ per km$^3$ yr,
suggesting a detector mass in excess of 1 Eg. Detection of radio cherenkov
emission from showers produced in Antarctic ice may be an economical way to
instrument such a large mass. It is suggested that a 100 km$^2$ array of
antennas centered on Icecube may allow confirmation of the radio technique and
also increase the science achievable with Icecube by providing vertex
information for events with throughgoing muons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72685 </DOCNO>
Complete angular analysis of polarized top decay at O(alpha_s)


  We calculate the O(alpha_s) radiative corrections to the three spin
independent and five spin dependent structure functions that describe the
angular decay distribution in the decay of a polarized top quark into a W-boson
(followed by the decay W^{+} -> l^{+} + nu_l or by W^{+} -> anti-q + q and a
bottom quark. The angular decay distribution is described in cascade fashion,
i.e. the decay t(uparrow) -> W^{+} + X_b is analyzed in the top rest system
while the subsequent decay W^{+} -> l^{+} + nu_l (or W^{+} -> anti-q + q) is
analyzed in the W rest frame. We present our results for the eight O(alpha_s)
integrated structure functions in analytical form keeping the mass of the
bottom quark finite. In the limit m_b -> 0 the structure function expressions
reduce to rather compact forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149995 </DOCNO>
Scalar fluctuations in dilatonic brane-worlds


  We derive and solve the full set of scalar perturbation equations for a class
of five-dimensional brane--world solutions, with a dilaton scalar field coupled
to the bulk cosmological constant and to a 3-brane. The spectrum contains one
localized massless scalar mode, to be interpreted as an effective dilaton on
the brane, inducing long--range scalar interactions. Two massive scalar modes
yield corrections to Newton's law at short distances, which persist even in the
limit of vanishing dilaton (namely, in the standard Randall--Sundrum
configuration).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6042 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy of Vortex-Liquid and Vortex-Solid Phases in Single Crystals


  The vortex-liquid and vortex-solid phases in single crystals of
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ placed in tilted magnetic fields are studied
by in-plane resistivity measurements using the Corbino geometry to avoid
spurious surface barrier effects. It was found that the anisotropy of the
vortex-solid phase increases with temperature and exhibits a maximum at
$T\approx 0.97 T_c$. In contrast, the anisotropy of the vortex-liquid rises
monotonically across the whole measured temperature range. The observed
behavior is discussed in the context of dimensional crossover and thermal
fluctuations of vortices in the strongly layered system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3129 </DOCNO>
Strongly correlated hopping and many-body bound states


  We study a system in which the quantum dynamics of electrons depend on the
particle density in their neighborhood. For any on-site repulsive interaction,
we show that the exact two-body and three-body ground states are bound states.
We also discuss the finite density case in a mean-field framework and we show
that the system can undergo an unusual transition from an effective attractive
interaction to a repulsive one, when varying the electron density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 798 </DOCNO>
Energy Gap from Tunneling and Metallic Sharvin Contacts onto MgB2:


  Point-contact tunnel junctions using a Au tip on sintered MgB2 pellets reveal
a sharp superconducting energy gap that is confirmed by subsequent metallic
Sharvin contacts made on the same sample. The peak in the tunneling conductance
and the Sharvin contact conductance follow the BCS form, but the gap values of
4.3 meV are less than the weak-coupling BCS value of 5.9 meV for the bulk Tc of
39 K. The low value of Delta compared to the BCS value for the bulk Tc is
possibly due to chemical reactions at the surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77055 </DOCNO>
Probing New Scales at a e+e- Linear Collider


  Extending the sensitivity to New Physics beyond the anticipated reach of the
LHC is a prime aim of future colliders. This paper summarises the potential of
an e+e- linear collider, at and beyond 1 TeV, using a realistic simulation of
the detector response and the accelerator induced background. The possible LC
energy-luminosity trade-offs offered in probing multi-TeV scales for new
phenomena with electro-weak observables are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129724 </DOCNO>
The contribution of Quasars to the Far Infrared Background


  Recent observational results obtained with SCUBA, COBE and ISO have greatly
improved our knowledge of the infrared and sub-mm background radiation. These
limits become constraining given the realization that most AGNs are heavily
obscured and must reradiate strongly in the IR/sub-mm. Here we predict the
contribution of AGNs to the IR/sub-mm background, starting from measurements of
the hard X-ray background. We show that an application of what we know of AGN
Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) and the IR background requires that a
significant fraction of the 10-150 micron background comes from AGNs. This
conclusion can only be avoided if obscured AGNs are intrinsically brighter in
the X-rays (with respect to the optical-UV) than unobscured AGNs, contrary to
``unified schemes'' for AGNs, or have a dust to gas ratio much lower (< 0.1)
than Galactic. We show that these results are rather robust and not strongly
dependent on the details of the modeling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72907 </DOCNO>
A note on the dispersive treatment of K -> pi pi with the kaon off-shell


  It has been recently suggested that it is possible to calculate the effect of
final state interactions in K -> pi pi amplitudes by applying dispersive
methods to the amplitude with the kaon off-shell. We critically reexamine the
procedure, and point out the effects of the arbitrariness in the choice of the
off-shell field for the kaon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85939 </DOCNO>
Superenergy and Supermomentum of Goedel Universes


  We review the canonical superenergy tensor and the canonical angular
supermomentum tensors in general relativity and calculate them for space-time
homogeneous G\"odel universes to show that both of these tensors do not, in
general, vanish. We consider both an original dust-filled pressureless acausal
G\"odel model of 1949 and a scalar-field-filled causal G\"odel model of Rebou\c
cas and Tiomno. For the acausal model, the non-vanishing components of
superenergy of matter are different from those of gravitation. The angular
supermomentum tensors of matter and gravitation do not vanish either which
simply reflects the fact that G\"odel universe rotates. However, the axial
(totally antisymmetric) and vectorial parts of supermomentum tensors vanish. It
is interesting that superenergetic quantities are {\it sensitive} to causality
in a way that superenergy density $_g S_{00}$ of gravitation in the acausal
model is {\it positive}, while superenergy density $_g S_{00}$ in the causal
model is {\it negative}. That means superenergetic quantities might serve as
criterion of causality in cosmology and prove useful.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3904 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect in Ce(x)La(1-x)Cu(2.05)Si(2) intermetallics


  The magnetic susceptibility and susceptibility anisotropy of the quasi-binary
alloy system Ce(x)La(1-x)Cu(2.05)Si(2) have been studied for low concentration
of Ce ions. The single-ion desc ription is found to be valid for x < 0.1. The
experimental results are discussed in terms of t he degenerate
Coqblin-Schrieffer model with a crystalline electric field splitting Delta =
330 K. The properties of the model, obtained by combining the lowest-order
scaling and the pertur bation theory, provide a satisfactory description of the
experimental data down to 30 K. The e xperimental results between 20 K and 2 K
are explained by the exact solution of the Kondo mode l for an effective
doublet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174863 </DOCNO>
Mass and charge identification of fragments detected with the Chimera


  Mass and charge identification of charged products detected with
Silicon-CsI(Tl) telescopes of the Chimera apparatus is presented. An
identification function, based on the Bethe-Bloch formula, is used to fit
empirical correlation between Delta E and E ADC readings, in order to
determine, event by event, the atomic and mass numbers of the detected charged
reaction products prior to energy calibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4029 </DOCNO>
Absolute spin-valve effect with superconducting proximity structures


  We investigate spin dependent transport in hybrid
superconductor(S)--normal-metal(N)--ferromagnet(F) structures under conditions
of proximity effect. We demonstrate the feasibility of the absolute spin-valve
effect for a certain interval of voltages in a system consisting of two coupled
tri-layer structures. Our results are also valid for non-collinear magnetic
configurations of the ferromagnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75891 </DOCNO>
Effective description of QCD at high density


  After an introduction to the phases of QCD at high density and zero
temperature, we introduce the effective lagrangian for the CFL phase and
discuss the perturbative evaluation of its parameters

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96311 </DOCNO>
The graded cobordism group of codimension-one immersions


  The cobordism group $N(M)$ of codimension-one immersions in the $n$-manifold
$M$ has a natural filtration induced from any cellular decomposition. The
problem addressed in this paper is the explicit computation of the graded group
$gr^*N(M)$. Previous results were obtained by Benedetti and Silhol which proved
that for an orientable 3-manifold $M$ the cobordism group $N(M)$ is isomorphic
to $H_1(M, {\bf Z}/2{\bf Z}) \oplus H_2(M, {\bf Z}/2{\bf Z}) \oplus {\bf
Z}/8{\bf Z}$, endowed with a twisted product. One develops new techniques to
approach the higher dimensional case and gets the answer for dimension at most
7. As a corollary we find the group of cubulations modulo cubical moves under
the same dimensional restrictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149986 </DOCNO>
Towards a General Theory of Quantized Fields on the Anti-de Sitter


  We propose a general framework for studying quantum field theory on the
anti-de-Sitter space-time, based on the assumption of positivity of the
spectrum of the possible energy operators. In this framework we show that the
$n$-point functions are analytic in suitable domains of the complex AdS
manifold, that it is possible to Wick rotate to the Euclidean manifold and come
back, and that it is meaningful to restrict AdS quantum fields to Poincar\'e
branes. We give also a complete characterization of two-point functions which
are the simplest example of our theory. Finally we prove the existence of the
AdS-Unruh effect by showing a KMS-type condition for accelerated observers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74070 </DOCNO>
The diquark model: New Physics effects for charm and kaon decays


  Motivated by diquark exchange, we construct a class of extensions of the
standard model. These models can generate large CP conserving and CP violating
contributions to the doubly Cabbibo suppressed decays D^0\to K^+\pi^- without
affecting D^0-\overline{D^0} mixing, contrary to what is usually believed in
the literature. We find an interesting specific realization of these models,
which has the LR chiral structure and can induce novel density \times density
operators. It is new for non-leptonic kaon decays, and particularly, may
provide a possible solution to the \Delta I=1/2 rule and direct CP violation,
without inducing large flavour changing neutral currents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96798 </DOCNO>
On maximal curves and unramified coverings


  We discuss sufficient conditions for a given curve to be covered by a maximal
curve with the covering being unramified; it turns out that the given curve
itself will be also maximal. We relate our main result to the question of
whether or not a maximal curve is covered by the Hermitian curve. We also
provide examples illustrating the results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95451 </DOCNO>
Bessel Integrals and Fundamental Solutions for a Generalized Tricomi


  Partial Fourier transforms are used to find explicit formulas for two
remarkable fundamental solutions for a generalized Tricomi operator. These
fundamental solutions reflect clearly the mixed type of the operator. In order
to prove these results, we establish explicit formulas for Fourier transforms
of some type of Bessel functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127096 </DOCNO>
Planetary-Mass Dark Matter?


  Sahu et al. recently reported tentative evidence for a large population of
"free-floating" planetary-mass objects in a nearby globular cluster. If
verified, this discovery is consistent with a prediction that the galactic dark
matter has a substantial planetary-mass component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150265 </DOCNO>
Branes in the Euclidean AdS_3


  In this work we propose an exact microscopic description of maximally
symmetric branes in a Euclidean $AdS_3$ background. As shown by Bachas and
Petropoulos, the most important such branes are localized along a Euclidean
$AdS_2 \subset AdS_3$. We provide explicit formulas for the coupling of closed
strings to such branes (boundary states) and for the spectral density of open
strings. The latter is computed in two different ways first in terms of the
open string reflection amplitude and then also from the boundary states by
world-sheet duality. This gives rise to an important Cardy type consistency
check. All the results are compared in detail with the geometrical picture. We
also discuss a second class of branes with spherical symmetry and finally
comment on some implications for D-branes in a 2D back hole geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4858 </DOCNO>
Parafermionic quasi-particle basis and fermionic-type characters


  A new basis of states for highest-weight modules in $\ZZ_k$ parafermionic
conformal theories is displayed. It is formulated in terms of an effective
exclusion principle constraining strings of $k$ fundamental parafermionic
modes. The states of a module are then built by a simple filling process, with
no singular-vector subtractions. That results in fermionic-sum representations
of the characters, which are exactly the Lepowsky-Primc expressions. We also
stress that the underlying combinatorics -- which is the one pertaining to the
Andrews-Gordon identities -- has a remarkably natural parafermionic
interpretation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75706 </DOCNO>
Exact Differential O(alpha**2) Results for Hard Bremsstrahlung in e+e-


  We present the exact O(alpha) correction to the process e+ e- -> f f-bar +
gamma, f neq e, for ISR oplus FSR at and beyond LEP2 energies. We give explicit
formulas for the completely differential cross section. As an important
application, we compute the size of the respective sub-leading corrections of
O(alpha L) to the f f-bar cross section, where L is the respective big
logarithm in the renormalization group sense so that it is identifiable as L =
ln |s|/m_e^2 when s is the squared e+e- cms energy. Comparisons are made with
the available literature. We show explicitly that our results have the correct
infrared limit, as a cross-check. Some comments are made about the
implementation of our results in the framework of the Monte Carlo event
generator KK MC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85848 </DOCNO>
Continuous Time-Dependent Measurements: Quantum Anti-Zeno Paradox with


  We derive differential equations for the modified Feynman propagator and for
the density operator describing time-dependent measurements or histories
continuous in time. We obtain an exact series solution and discuss its
applications. Suppose the system is initially in a state with density operator
$\rho(0)$ and the projection operator $E(t) = U(t) E U^\dagger(t)$ is measured
continuously from $t = 0$ to $T$, where $E$ is a projector obeying $E\rho(0) E
= \rho(0)$ and $U(t)$ a unitary operator obeying $U(0) = 1$ and some smoothness
conditions in $t$. Then the probability of always finding $E(t) = 1$ from $t =
0$ to $T$ is unity. Generically $E(T) \neq E$ and the watched system is sure to
change its state, which is the anti-Zeno paradox noted by us recently. Our
results valid for projectors of arbitrary rank generalize those obtained by
Anandan and Aharonov for projectors of unit rank.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129139 </DOCNO>
Star Streams in the Milky Way Halo


  The last 10-20 years has seen a profound shift in views of how the Galaxy's
halo formed. The idea of a monolithic early collapse of a single system (Eggen,
Lynden-Bell and Sandage 1962) has been challenged by observations at high
redshift and by cosmological models of structure formation. These findings
imply that we should see clear evidence of hierarchical formation processes in
nearby galaxies. Recent studies of our Galaxy, made possible by large-scale CCD
surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), have begun to reveal
tantalizing evidence of substructure in the outer halo. We review evidence for
tidal streams associated with known Milky Way satellites and for star streams
whose progenitors are still unknown. This includes results from the SDSS and
our own ongoing pencil-beam halo survey, the Spaghetti survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124056 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Tests


  Recent observational advances have considerably improved the cosmological
tests, adding to the lines of evidence, and showing that some issues under
discussion just a few years ago may now be considered resolved or irrelevant.
Other issues remain, however, and await resolution before the great program of
testing the relativistic Friedmann-Lemaitre model, that commenced in the 1930s,
may at last be considered complete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40990 </DOCNO>
Bulk Physics at a Graviton Factory


  A general prediction of the 5-d Randall-Sundrum (RS) hierarchy model is the
emergence of spin-2 Kaluza Klein (KK) gravitons with weak scale masses and
couplings. The lowest order effective theory of the RS model is given by 5-d
Einstein gravity which uniquely fixes the self-interactions of gravitons. We
demonstrate that large numbers of light KK resonances could be produced at a
future lepton-collider-based ``Graviton Factory''. Measuring the
self-interactions of these KK gravitons will probe the accuracy of the 5-d
Einstein gravity picture and, in addition, yield indirect information on the as
yet untested self-coupling of the 4-d graviton. The self-interactions of the
gravitons can be studied by measuring the decays of the heavier states to the
lighter ones. Using the AdS/CFT picture, these can be interpretted as the
decays of heavier resonances to lighter ones, in a strongly coupled 4-d CFT. We
show that these decays have sufficient rates to be studied at future colliders
and that they are also, in principle, sensitive to higher derivative operators,
such as the Gauss-Bonnet term. In a generalized RS model, with non-universal
5-d fermion masses, FCNC's will be induced. We show that precise measurements
of the rare decays of KK graviton/gauge states into flavor non-diagonal final
states at a Graviton Factory can be used to map the 5-d fermion mass matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83943 </DOCNO>
Dense point sets have sparse Dealunay triangulations


  The spread of a finite set of points is the ratio between the longest and
shortest pairwise distances. We prove that the Delaunay triangulation of any
set of n points in R^3 with spread D has complexity O(D^3). This bound is tight
in the worst case for all D = O(sqrt{n}). In particular, the Delaunay
triangulation of any dense point set has linear complexity. On the other hand,
for any n and D=O(n), we construct a regular triangulation of complexity
Omega(nD) whose n vertices have spread D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127417 </DOCNO>
ATCA and CMB anisotropies


  Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations in sky regions selected
to be low in foreground confusion have been used to infer limits on
arcmin-scale CMB anisotropy in total intensity and polarization. These deep
searches have, hitherto, been made using the East-West ATCA in an ultra-compact
1-D array configuration and in the highest available frequency band at 3-cm
wavelength. The ATCA is being upgraded for operation at mm wavelengths and in
2-D array configurations: the enhanced capabilities present a new opportunity
for pursuing CMB anisotropy related observations with reduced foreground
confusion and at smaller angular scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128357 </DOCNO>
Automated Galaxy Morphology: A Fourier Approach


  We use automated surface photometry and pattern classification techniques to
morphologically classify galaxies. The two-dimensional light distribution of a
galaxy is reconstructed using Fourier series fits to azimuthal profiles
computed in concentric elliptical annuli centered on the galaxy. Both the phase
and amplitude of each Fourier component have been studied as a function of
radial bin number for a large collection of galaxy images using principal
component analysis. We find that up to 90 percent of the variance in many of
these Fourier profiles may be characterized in as few as 3 principal components
and their use substantially reduces the dimensionality of the classification
problem. We use supervised learning methods in the form of artificial neural
networks to train galaxy classifiers that detect morphological bars at the
85-90 percent confidence level and can identify the Hubble type with a 1-sigma
scatter of 1.5 steps on the 16-step stage axis of the revised Hubble system.
Finally, we systematically characterize the adverse effects of decreasing
resolution and S/N on the quality of morphological information predicted by
these classifiers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95889 </DOCNO>
Hodge cycles on some moduli spaces


  The goal is to verify the Hodge conjecture (and some related conjectures) for
certain moduli spaces. It is shown that the Hodge conjecture holds for the
moduli space of vector bundles over a curve if it holds for all powers of its
Jacobian. As a corollary, it possible to verify the conjecture when the curve
is general (Biswas-Narasimhan), has genus two, or is Fermat of prime degree. It
is also shown that the Hodge conjecture holds for the Hilbert scheme of points
on a surface if it holds for all powers of the surface. In particular, this
applies to abelian and Kummer surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168831 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Entanglement of Binary and Bipolar Sequences


  Classification of different forms of quantum entanglement is an active area
of research, central to development of effective quantum computers, and similar
to classification of error-correction codes, where code duality is broadened to
equivalence under all 'local' unitary transforms. We explore links between
entanglement, coding theory, and sequence design, by examining multi-spectra of
quantum states under local unitary action, and show that optimal
error-correcting codes and sequences represent states with high multiparticle
entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 531 </DOCNO>
Tight-binding study of interface states in semiconductor heterojunctions


  Localized interface states in abrupt semiconductor heterojunctions are
studied within a tight-binding model. The intention is to provide a microscopic
foundation for the results of similar studies which were based upon the
two-band model within the envelope function approximation. In a two-dimensional
description, the tight-binding Hamiltonian is constructed such that the
Dirac-like bulk spectrum of the two-band model is recovered in the continuum
limit. Localized states in heterojunctions are shown to occur under conditions
equivalent to those of the two-band model. In particular, shallow interface
states are identified in non-inverted junctions with intersecting bulk
dispersion curves. As a specific example, the GaSb-AlSb heterojunction is
considered. The matching conditions of the envelope function approximation are
analyzed within the tight-binding description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 352 </DOCNO>
Level Correlations for Metal-Insulator Transition


  We study the level-statistics of a disordered system undergoing the Anderson
type metal-insulator transition. The disordered Hamiltonian is a sparse random
matrix in the site representation and the statistics is obtained by taking an
ensemble of such matrices. It is shown that the transition of levels due to
change of various parameters e.g. disorder, system size, hopping rate can be
mapped to the perturbation driven evolution of the eigenvalues of an ensemble
subjected to Wigner-Dyson type perturbation with an initial state given by a
Poisson ensemble; the mapping is then used to obtain desired
level-correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5805 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in an Exactly Solvable Model of the Pseudogap State:


  We analyze the anomalies of superconducting state within a simple exactly
solvable model of the pseudogap state, induced by fluctuations of
``dielectric'' short range order, for the model of the Fermi surface with
``hot'' patches. The analysis is performed for the arbitrary values of the
correlation length xi_{corr} of this short range order. It is shown that
superconducting energy gap averaged over these fluctuations is non zero in a
wide temperature range above T_c - the temperature of homogeneous
superconducting transition. This follows from the absence of self averaging of
the gap over the random field of fluctuations. For temperatures T>T_c
superconductivity apparently appears in separate regions of space (``drops'').
These effects become weaker for shorter correlation lengths xi_{corr} and the
region of ``drops'' on the phase diagram becomes narrower and disappears for
xi_{corr}-->0, however, for the finite values of xi_{corr} the complete self
averaging is absent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86485 </DOCNO>
A derivation of Weyl gravity


  In this paper, two things are done. (i) Using cohomological techniques, we
explore the consistent deformations of linearized conformal gravity in 4
dimensions. We show that the only possibility involving no more than 4
derivatives of the metric (i.e., terms of the form $\partial^4 g_{\mu \nu}$,
$\partial^3 g_{\mu \nu} \partial g_{\alpha \beta}$, $\partial^2 g_{\mu \nu}
\partial^2g_{\alpha \beta}$, $\partial^2 g_{\mu \nu} \partial g_{\alpha \beta}
\partial g_{\rho \sigma}$ or $\partial g_{\mu \nu} \partial g_{\alpha \beta}
\partial g_{\rho \sigma} \partial g_{\gamma \delta}$ with coefficients that
involve undifferentiated metric components - or terms with less derivatives) is
given by the Weyl action $\int d^4x \sqrt{-g} W_{\a\b\g\d} W^{\a\b\g\d}$, in
much the same way as the Einstein-Hilbert action describes the only consistent
manner to make a Pauli-Fierz massless spin-2 field self-interact with no more
than 2 derivatives. No a priori requirement of invariance under diffeomorphisms
is imposed: this follows automatically from consistency. (ii) We then turn to
"multi-Weyl graviton" theories. We show the impossibility to introduce
cross-interactions between the different types of Weyl gravitons if one
requests that the action reduces, in the free limit, to a sum of linearized
Weyl actions. However, if different free limits are authorized, cross-couplings
become possible. An explicit example is given. We discuss also how the results
extend to other spacetime dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96964 </DOCNO>
Multivariable cochain operations and little n-cubes


  In this paper we construct a small $E_\infty$ chain operad $\S$ which acts
naturally on the normalized cochains $S^*X$ of a topological space. We also
construct, for each $n$, a suboperad $\S_n$ which is quasi-isomorphic to the
normalized singular chains of the little $n$-cubes operad. The case $n=2$ leads
to a substantial simplification of our earlier proof of Deligne's Hochschild
cohomology conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126224 </DOCNO>
A Two-Field Quintessence Model


  We study the dynamics of a quintessence model based on two interacting scalar
fields. The model can account for the (recent) accelerated expansion of the
Universe suggested by astronomical observations. Acceleration can be permanent
or temporary and, for both scenarios, it is possible to obtain suitable values
for the cosmological parameters while satisfying the nucleosynthesis constraint
on the quintessence energy density. We argue that the model dynamics can be
made consistent with a stable zero-energy relaxing supersymmetric vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127947 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of the Cygnus Loop: OVI Emission from a Nonradiative


  We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) observations of a
Balmer filament in the northeast region of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant.
The data consist of one spectrum obtained through the 30"x30" (LWRS) aperture
and three spectra at adjacent positions obtained through the 4"x20" (MDRS)
aperture. The nonradiative shocks in the region giving rise to these faint
optical filaments produce strong OVI 1032,1038 emission, which is detected in
all the spectra. The OVI emission is resolved by FUSE into a strong component
centered at 0 km/s, and weaker components centered at +/- 140 km/s. The MDRS
spectra allow us to study the variation of OVI emission in the post-shock
structure. We find that the zero velocity emission is associated directly with
the Balmer filament shock, while the high velocity emission comes from a more
uniformly distributed component elsewhere along the line of sight. We also find
that the shocks producing the emission at +/- 140 km/s have velocities between
180 km/s and 220 km/s, if we assume that the ram pressure driving them is the
same as for the zero velocity component shock. In the context of the cavity
model for the Cygnus Loop, the interaction of the blast wave with the spherical
shell that forms most of the cavity wall can naturally give rise to the similar
red and blue-shifted components that are observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5561 </DOCNO>
Superconducting energy gap in MgB2 film observed by infrared reflectance


  Far-infrared reflectance of a MgB2 film has been measured by
Fourier-transform spectroscopy for frequencies 10 cm^{-1}<\nu <4000 cm^{-1}
above and below the superconducting transition. The data provide clear
experimental evidence for the onset of a superconducting gap at 24 cm^{-1} at
T=5 K. On increasing temperature the gap energy increases, contrary to what is
expected in isotropic BCS superconductors. The small zero-temperature gap value
and its unconventional increases on increasing temperature can only be
explained by a highly anisotropic or multiple gap function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126796 </DOCNO>
Effects of Foreground Contamination on the Cosmic Microwave Background


  We study the effects of diffuse Galactic, far-infrared extragalactic source,
and radio point source emission on the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
anisotropy data anticipated from the MAP experiment. We focus on the
correlation function and genus statistics measured from mock MAP
foreground-contaminated CMB anisotropy maps generated in a spatially-flat
cosmological constant dominated cosmological model. Analyses of the simulated
MAP data at 90 GHz (0.3 deg FWHM resolution smoothed) show that foreground
effects on the correlation function are small compared with cosmic variance.
However, the Galactic emission, even just from the region with |b| > 20 deg,
significantly affects the topology of CMB anisotropy, causing a negative genus
shift non-Gaussianity signal. Given the expected level of cosmic variance, this
effect can be effectively reduced by subtracting existing Galactic foreground
emission models from the observed data. IRAS and DIRBE far-infrared
extragalactic sources have little effect on the CMB anisotropy. Radio point
sources raise the amplitude of the correlation function considerably on scales
below 0.5 deg. Removal of bright radio sources above a 5 \sigma detection limit
effectively eliminates this effect. Radio sources also result in a positive
genus curve asymmetry (significant at 2 \sigma) on 0.5 deg scales. Accurate
radio point source data is essential for an unambiguous detection of CMB
anisotropy non-Gaussianity on these scales. Non-Gaussianity of cosmological
origin can be detected from the foreground-subtracted CMB anisotropy map at the
2 \sigma level if the measured genus shift parameter |\Delta\nu| >= 0.02 (0.04)
or if the measured genus asymmetry parameter |\Delta g| >= 0.03 (0.08) on a 0.3
(1.0) deg FWHM scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40868 </DOCNO>
W pair production cross-section and W branching fractions in e+e-


  The cross-section for the process e+e- -> W+W- has been measured with the
data sample collected by DELPHI at an average centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV
and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 155 pb^{-1}. Based on the 2392
events selected as WW candidates, the cross-section for the doubly resonant
process e+e- -> W+W- has been measured to be 15.83 +- 0.38 (stat) +- 0.20
(syst) pb. The branching fractions of the W decay were also measured and found
to be in good agreement with the Standard Model expectation. From these a value
of the CKM mixing matrix element |V_{cs}| = 1.001 +- 0.040 (stat) +- 0.020
(syst) was derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76757 </DOCNO>
Transport theory and low energy properties of colour superconductors


  The one-loop polarisation tensor and the propagation of ``in-medium'' photons
of colour superconductors in the 2SC and CFL phase is discussed. For a study of
thermal corrections to the low energy effective theory in the 2SC phase, a
classical transport theory for fermionic quasiparticles is invoked.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76624 </DOCNO>
Elastic neutrino-electron scattering and effective couplings $(g^{\nu


  We start from a Left-Right Symmetric Model with massive Dirac neutrinos, with
an electromagnetic structure that consists of a charge radius, and we calculate
the cross-section of the scattering $\nu_{\mu}e^-\to \nu_{\mu}e^-$.
Subsequently, we calculate the simultaneous contribution of the charge radius,
of the additional $Z_{2}$ heavy gauge boson and of the mixing angle $\phi$
parameter of the model at the constants of couplings $(g^{\nu e}_{V})_{LRSM}$
and $(g^{\nu e}_{A})_{LRSM}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4427 </DOCNO>
Branched Polymers and Dimensional Reduction


  We establish an exact relation between self-avoiding branched polymers in D+2
continuum dimensions and the hard-core continuum gas at negative activity in D
dimensions. We review conjectures and results on critical exponents for D+2 =
2,3,4 and show that they are corollaries of our result. We explain the
connection (first proposed by Parisi and Sourlas) between branched polymers in
D+2 dimensions and the Yang-Lee edge singularity in D dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174671 </DOCNO>
Event Texture Search for Critical Fluctuations in Pb+Pb Collisions


  NA44 uses a 512 channel Si pad array covering $1.5 <\eta < 3.3$ to study
charged hadron production in 158 A GeV Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. We
apply a multiresolution analysis, based on a Discrete Wavelet Transformation,
to probe the texture of particle distributions event-by-event, by simultaneous
localization of features in space and scale. Scanning a broad range of
multiplicities, we look for a possible critical behaviour in the power spectra
of local density fluctuations. The data are compared with detailed simulations
of detector response, using heavy ion event generators, and with a reference
sample created via event mixing. An upper limit is set on the probability and
magnitude of dynamical fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86489 </DOCNO>
A thermal instability for positive brane cosmological constant in the


  We describe a novel dynamical mechanism to radiate away a positive four
dimensional cosmological constant, in the Randall-Sundrum cosmological
scenario. We show that there are modes of the bulk gravitational field for
which the brane is effectively a mirror. This will generally give rise to an
emission of thermal radiation from the brane into the bulk. The temperature
turns out to be nonvanishing only if the effective four dimensional
cosmological constant is positive. In any theory where the four dimensional
vacuum energy is a function of physical degrees of freedom, there is then a
mechanism that radiates away any positive four dimensional cosmological
constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168570 </DOCNO>
The existance of unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment


  We present an unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment protocol based on
three linearly dependent quantum states. Its security is guaranteed by the
quantum superposition principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113467 </DOCNO>
The Principle of Synergy and Isomorphic Units, a revised version


  A solution to the part and whole problem is presented in this paper by using
a complex mathematical representation that permits to define the Holon concept
as a unit that remains itself in spite of complex operations such as
integration and derivation. This can be done because of the remarkable
isomorphic property of Euler Relation. We can then define a domain independent
of the observer and the object where the object is embedded. We will then be
able to have a Quantum Mechanics solution without the "observer drawback", as
Karl R. Popper tried to find all his life but from the philosophical point of
view and which was Einstein main concern about QM. A unit that has always
similar or identical structure or form, despite even complex operations such as
integration and derivation, is the ideal unit for the new sciences of
complexity or just the systems sciences where structure or form, wholeness,
organization, and complexity are main requirements. A table for validating the
results obtained is presented in case of the pendulum formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83794 </DOCNO>
On the generalized dining philosophers problem


  We consider a generalization of the dining philosophers problem to arbitrary
connection topologies. We focus on symmetric, fully distributed systems, and we
address the problem of guaranteeing progress and lockout-freedom, even in
presence of adversary schedulers, by using randomized algorithms. We show that
the well-known algorithms of Lehmann and Rabin do not work in the generalized
case, and we propose an alternative algorithm based on the idea of letting the
philosophers assign a random priority to their adjacent forks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179691 </DOCNO>
Medium modification of the nucleon axial form factor


  We study the modification of the nucleon axial form factor in nuclear matter.
The internal quark substructure of the nucleon is self-consistently described
by the quark meson coupling model. We find that the axial form factor of the
bound nucleon is quenched considerably from that of the free nucleon. The axial
vector coupling constant is reduced by roughly 10% at normal nuclear matter
density and the axial form factor varies within 8% for moderate momentum
transfer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3079 </DOCNO>
Separation of the magnetic phases at the N\'{e}el point in the diluted


  The impurity induced antiferromagnetic ordering of the doped spin-Peierls
magnet Cu(1-x)Mg(x)GeO(3) was studied by ESR technique. Crystals with the Mg
concentration x<4% demonstrate a coexistence of paramagnetic and
antiferromagnetic ESR modes. This coexistence indicates the separation of a
macroscopically uniform sample in the paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic
phases. In the presence of the long-range spin-Peierls order (in a sample with
x=1.71%) the volume of the antiferromagnetic phase immediately below the
N\'{e}el point T_N is much smaller than the volume of the paramagnetic phase.
In the presence of the short-range spin-Peierls order (in samples with x=2.88%,
x= 3.2%) there are comparable volumes of paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic
phases at T=T_N. The fraction of the antiferromagnetic phase increases with
lowering temperature. In the absence of the spin-Peierls dimerization (at
x=4.57%)the whole sample exhibits the transition into the antiferromagnetic
state and there is no phase separation. The phase separation is explained by
the consideration of clusters of staggered magnetization located near impurity
atoms. In this model the areas occupied by coherently correlated spins expand
with decreasing temperature and the percolation of the ordered area through a
macroscopic distance occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81268 </DOCNO>
The Berry Phase and Monopoles in Gluodynamics


  We introduce a gauge invariant definition of a monopole on the lattice. The
construction is based on the observation that for each Wilson loop there exists
an extra U(1) group which leaves the loop invariant. Since the lattice
formulation utilizes the language of Wilson loops, the definition of the
monopole charge in terms of this plaquette dependent U(1) is gauge invariant.
The explicit construction of gauge invariant monopoles is presented both in
continuum and on the lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125004 </DOCNO>
The Oldest Stellar Populations at z ~ 1.5


  There are at least three reasons for being interested in galaxies at high
redshifts that formed most of their stars quite quickly early in the history of
the Universe: (1) the ages of their stellar populations can potentially place
interesting constraints on cosmological parameters and on the epoch of the
earliest major episodes of star formation, (2) their morphologies may provide
important clues to the history and mechanisms of spheroid formation, and (3)
they are likely to identify the regions of highest overdensity at a given
redshift.
  We describe a systematic search for galaxies at z ~ 1.5 having essentially
pure old stellar populations, with little or no recent star formation. Our
approach is to apply a "photometric sieve" to the fields of quasars near this
redshift, looking for companion objects with the expected spectral-energy
distributions. Follow-up observations on two of the fields having candidates
discovered by this technique are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98373 </DOCNO>
Hilbert's Theorem 90 and algebraic spaces


  In modern form, Hilbert's Theorem 90 tells us that R^1f_*(G_m)=0, where f is
the canonical map between the etale site and the Zariski site of a scheme X. I
construct examples showing that the corresponding statement for algebraic
spaces does not hold. The first example is a nonseparated smooth 1-dimensional
bug-eyed cover in Kollar's sense. The second example is a nonnormal proper
algebraic space obtained by identifying points on suitable nonprojective smooth
proper schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74456 </DOCNO>
A general algorithm to generate unweighted events for next-to-leading


  Given a next-to-leading order calculation, we show how to set up a computer
program, which generates a sequence of unweighted momentum configurations, each
configuration containing either n or n+1 four-vectors, such that for any
infrared safe observable the average over these configurations coincides with
the NLO calculation up to errors of order y_res. The core of the algorithm is a
method to combine real emission and virtual corrections on a point-by-point
basis in hard phase space. The algorithm can be implemented on top of existing
NLO calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148278 </DOCNO>
Perturbative test of exact vacuum expectation values of local fields in


  Vacuum expectation values of local fields for all dual pairs of non-simply
laced affine Toda field theories recently proposed are checked against
perturbative analysis. The computations based on Feynman diagram expansion are
performed upto two-loops. Agreement is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86553 </DOCNO>
The compactification of initial data on constant mean curvature time


  Conformal mappings of surfaces of constant mean curvature onto compact
bounded background spaces are constructed for Minkowski space-time and for
Schwarzschild black hole spacetimes. In the black hole example, it is found
that initial data on these CMC surfaces can be regular on the compact
background space only when a certain condition is satisfied. That condition
implies that the shift vector points inward from all parts of the boundary of
the compact background. It also implies that the second fundamental form of
these surfaces can never be isotropic when black holes are present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113429 </DOCNO>
Observation of transformation of chemical elements during electric


  Results of experimental studies of electric explosion, in water, of foils
made of extremely pure materials are presented. New chemical elements detected
both by spectroscopic measurements during the electric discharge and by a
mass-spectrometer analysis of sediments after the discharge have been found to
appear. A "strange" radiation associated with the transformation of chemical
elements has been registered. A hypothesis has been put forward that particles
of the "strange" radiation have magnetic charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126193 </DOCNO>
Star Formation Modes in Low-Mass Disk Galaxies


  Low-mass disk galaxies with well-organized structures are relatively common
in low density regions of the nearby Universe. They display a wide range in
levels of star formation activity, extending from sluggishly evolving
`superthin' disk systems to nearby starbursts. Investigations of this class of
galaxy therefore provides opportunities to test and define models of galactic
star formation processes. In this paper we briefly explore characteristics of
examples of quiescent and starbursting low-mass disk galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129399 </DOCNO>
New Results on Bar-Halo Interactions


  In this paper I argue that, far from necessarily hindering bar formation in
disc galaxies, inner haloes may stimulate it. This constitutes a new
instability mechanism by which bars can grow. To show this I use a number of
N-body simulations whose initial conditions have identical discs and more or
less concentrated haloes. They show that the bar that grows in the more
halo-dominated environment is considerably stronger than the bar that grows in
the more disc-dominated environment. This result is obtained from simulations
with live haloes, i.e. composed of particles which respond to the disc and take
part in the evolution. On the other hand, if the halo is rigid, it hinders or
quenches bar formation, as expected. Comparison of two simulations which are
identical in everything, except that the halo is live in the first one and
rigid in the second one, leads me to suggest that the halo response can help
the bar grow. Following the orbits of the stars in the halo, I find that a
considerable fraction of the halo particles are in resonance with the bar. The
halo may thus take angular momentum from the bar and stimulate its growth. I
finally discuss whether and how the results of the N-body simulations can be
applied to real galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77044 </DOCNO>
The String CP Problem


  We show that string models with low energy supersymmetry which accommodate
the fermion mass hierarchy generally give non-universal soft trilinear
couplings (A-terms). In conjunction with the apparently large
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) phase, this results in large fermion EDMs even
in the absence of CP violating phases in the supersymmetry breaking terms and
the $\mu$-term. Nonobservation of the EDMs therefore implies that strings
select special flavor and/or supersymmetry breaking patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97591 </DOCNO>
On the equivalence of certain coset conformal field theories


  We demonstrate the equivalence of Kazama-Suzuki cosets $G(m,n,k)$ and
$G(k,n,m)$ based on complex Grassmannians by proving that the corresponding
conformal precosheaves are isomorphic. We also determine all the irreducible
representations of the conformal precosheaves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129374 </DOCNO>
The Pulsar Wind Nebula of G11.2-0.3


  We present high-resolution radio and X-ray studies of the composite supernova
remnant G11.2-0.3. Using archival VLA data, we perform radio spectral
tomography to measure for the first time the spectrum of the shell and plerion
separately. We compare the radio morphology of each component to that observed
in the hard and soft Chandra X-ray images. We measure the X-ray spectra of the
shell and the emission in the interior and discuss the hypothesis that soft
X-ray emission interior to the shell is the result of the expanding pulsar wind
shocking with the supernova ejecta. We also see evidence for spatial
variability in the hard X-ray emission near the pulsar, which we discuss in
terms of ion mediated relativistic shocks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5626 </DOCNO>
Orbital excitations in CMR progenitor of LaMnO3 studied by resonant


  We report resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments of the orbital
ordered manganite LaMnO3. When the incident photon energy is tuned near the Mn
K absorption edge, the spectra reveal three features at 2.5 eV, 8 eV and 11 eV.
The 8 eV and 11 eV peaks are considered charge-transfer type excitations. On
the other hand, theoretical calculations identify the 2.5 eV peak as an orbital
excitation across the Mott gap, i.e. an electron excitation from the lower
Hubbard band with the d3x2-r2 and d3y2-r2 orbital characters to the upper
Hubbard band with the dy2-z2 and dz2-x2 ones. The observed weak dispersion and
characteristic azimuthal angle dependence of this new type of excitations are
well reproduced by the theory which includes orbital degeneracy and strong
electron correlation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3866 </DOCNO>
Risk Aversion and Coherent Risk Measures: a Spectral Representation


  We study a space of coherent risk measures M_phi obtained as certain
expansions of coherent elementary basis measures. In this space, the concept of
``Risk Aversion Function'' phi naturally arises as the spectral representation
of each risk measure in a space of functions of confidence level probabilities.
We give necessary and sufficient conditions on phi for M_phi to be a coherent
measure. We find in this way a simple interpretation of the concept of
coherence and a way to map any rational investor's subjective risk aversion
onto a coherent measure and vice--versa. We also provide for these measures
their discrete versions M_phi^N acting on finite sets of N independent
realizations of a r.v. which are not only shown to be coherent measures for any
fixed N, but also consistent estimators of M_phi for large N. Finally, we find
in our results some interesting and not yet fully investigated relationships
with certain results known in insurance mathematical literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75393 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry as a physics beyond the standard model


  Here I briefly discuss why supersymmetry is considered a leading candidate of
physics beyond the standard model. I also highlight the salient features of
different supersymmetry breaking models. A few other symmetries, broken or
intact, asscociated with any realistic supersymmetric model are also
identified. This write-up is too simple-minded for an expert on supersymmetry.
It is basically intended for those who are busy in other areas of high energy
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3084 </DOCNO>
The viscoelastic and anelastic responses of amorphous polymers in the


  The time-dependent response of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) is
studied in isothermal long-term shear creep tests at small strains and various
temperatures in the vicinity of the glass transition point. A micromechanical
model is derived to describe the experimental results. Constitutive equations
are developed under the assumption that the behavior of amorphous polymers is
governed by two micro-mechanisms: rearrangement of cooperatively relaxing
regions (CRR) reflects the viscoelastic response, whereas displacement of CRRs
with respect to each other is responsible for the anelastic response. It is
demonstrated that some critical temperature exists slightly above the glass
transition temperature, where the dependences of adjustable parameters on
temperature are dramatically changed. The critical temperature is associated
with transition from dynamic heterogeneity in amorphous polymers to static
inhomogeneity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98126 </DOCNO>
Continued fractions and generalized patterns


  In [BS] Babson and Steingrimsson introduced generalized permutation patterns
that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be
adjacent in the permutation.
  Let $f_{\tau;r}(n)$ be the number of $1\mn3\mn2$-avoiding permutations on $n$
letters that contain exactly $r$ occurrences of $\tau$, where $\tau$ a
generalized pattern on $k$ letters. Let $F_{\tau;r}(x)$ and $F_\tau(x,y)$ be
the generating functions defined by $F_{\tau;r}(x)=\sum_{n\geq0}
f_{\tau;r}(n)x^n$ and $F_\tau(x,y)=\sum_{r\geq0}F_{\tau;r}(x)y^r$. We find an
explicit expression for $F_\tau(x,y)$ in the form of a continued fraction for
where $\tau$ given as a generalized pattern; $\tau=12\mn3\mn...\mn k$,
$\tau=21\mn3\mn...\mn k$, $\tau=123... k$, or $\tau=k... 321$. In particularly,
we find $F_\tau(x,y)$ for any $\tau$ generalized pattern of length 3. This
allows us to express $F_{\tau;r}(x)$ via Chebyshev polynomials of the second
kind, and continued fractions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86911 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a self gravitating light-like matter shell: a


  A complete Lagrangian and Hamiltonian description of the theory of
self-gravitating light-like matter shells is given in terms of
gauge-independent geometric quantities. For this purpose the notion of an
extrinsic curvature for a null-like hypersurface is discussed and the
corresponding Gauss-Codazzi equations are proved. These equations imply Bianchi
identities for spacetimes with null-like, singular curvature. Energy-momentum
tensor-density of a light-like matter shell is unambiguously defined in terms
of an invariant matter Lagrangian density. Noether identity and
Belinfante-Rosenfeld theorem for such a tensor-density are proved. Finally, the
Hamiltonian dynamics of the interacting system: ``gravity + matter'' is derived
from the total Lagrangian, the latter being an invariant scalar density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113425 </DOCNO>
Equations of Motion of Systems with Internal Angular Momentum


  Using Euler's equations of motion and the Hamiltonian formulation, we obtain
the equations of motion of systems with internal angular momentum that are
moving with respect to a given reference frame, when subjected to a torque
which is permanently perpendicular to the angular momentum vector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169026 </DOCNO>
Nonclassical character of statistical mixtures of the single-photon and


  We demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, that statistical mixtures
of the vacuum state |0> and the single-photon Fock state |1> are nonclassical
according to the Vogel criterion (W. Vogel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1849 (2000)),
regardless of the vacuum fraction. The ensembles are synthesized via
conditional measurements on biphotons generated by means of parametric
downconversion, and their quadrature statistics are measured using balanced
homodyne detection. A comparative review of various quantum state
nonclassicality criteria is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97548 </DOCNO>
Murasugi sums of Morse maps to the circle, Morse-Novikov numbers, and


  Murasugi sums can be defined as readily for Morse maps to the circle of
(arbitrary) link complements in the 3-sphere as for fibrations over the circle
of (fibered) link complements in the 3-sphere. As one application, I show that
if a knot K has free genus m, then there is a Morse map from its complement to
the circle (representing the relative homology class of a Seifert surface for
K) with no more than 4m critical points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123545 </DOCNO>
The supernova remnants G67.7+1.8, G31.5-0.6 and G49.2-0.7


  Wide field CCD observations of three, less known, supernova remnants.
Filamentary and diffuse emission is discovered from the supernova remnant
G67.7+1.8. Emission can also be seen in the ROSAT All Sky Survey data which
indicate an extended hard X-ray source. The optical radiation from the
G31.5-0.6 area shows weak sulfur emission and is probably not related to the
remnant. Weak sulfur emission is also observed from W51C or G49.2-0.7. However,
a small patch of emission in the south-east seems to emit strong sulfur
emission. Results from long slit spectra are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98722 </DOCNO>
Quantum groups, differential calculi and the eigenvalues of the


  We study *-differential calculi over compact quantum groups in the sense of
S.L. Woronowicz. Our principal results are the construction of a Hodge operator
commuting with the Laplacian, the derivation of a corresponding Hodge
decomposition of the calculus of forms, and, for Woronowicz' first calculus,
the calculation of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95863 </DOCNO>
Forcing a Boolean Algebra with predesigned automorphism group


  For suitable groups G we will show that one can add a Boolean algebra B by
forcing in such a way that Aut(B) is almost isomorphic to G. In particular, we
will give a positive answer to the following question due to J.Roitman: Is
aleph_{omega} a possible number of automorphisms of a rich Boolean algebra?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81092 </DOCNO>
Some Notes Concerning the Dynamics of Noncommutative Lumps Corresponding


  We consider a pair of noncommutative lumps in the noncommutative
Yang--Mills/M(atrix) model. In the case when the lumps are separated by a
finite distance their ``polarisations'' do not belong to orthogonal subspaces
of the Hilbert space. In this case the interaction between lumps is nontrivial.
We analyse the dynamics arisen due to this interaction in both naive approach
of rigid lumps and exactly as described by the underlying gauge model. It
appears that the exact description is given in terms of finite matrix
models/multidimensional mechanics whose dimensionality depends on the initial
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72829 </DOCNO>
Constraining new physics in the Tev range by the recent BNL measurement


  In this paper we study the implications of the recent high precision
measurement of (g-2)_{\mu} by BNL on new heavy physics beyond the SM in a model
independent way. We find that if the new physics responsible for the muon
anomaly is due to d=6 direct operators then they could arise from the following
follwing three broad classes of new physics a) new particles in the few hundred
Gev range with weak gauge coupling b) strongly interacting particles and
resonances in the few Tev range and c) massive Kaluza-Klein modes of the
graviton in the Tev range with couplings to SM particles of the order of
${E\over (Tev)}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1757 </DOCNO>
Low temperature kinetics of 2D exciton gas cooling in quantum well


  We study the kinetics of 2D Bose gas cooling provided Bose particles interact
with 3D phonons. At low temperatures phonon emission is prohibited by the
energy and the momentum conservation. We show that both particle-particle
scattering and impurity scattering assist the Bose gas cooling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4381 </DOCNO>
Microstructure and superconducting properties of hot isostatically


  Bulk samples of MgB2 have been formed by hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) of
commercial powder at 100MPa and 950=B0C. The resulting material is 100% dense
with a sharp superconducting transition at 37.5K. Microstructural studies have
indicated the presence of small amounts of second phases within the material,
namely MgO and B rich compositions, probably MgB4. Magnetisation measurements
performed at 20K have revealed values of Jc=1.3 x 106A/cm2 at zero field, and
9.3 x 105A/cm2 at 1T. Magneto optical (MO) studies have shown direct evidence
for the superconducting homogeneity and strong intergranular current flow in
the material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73814 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Neutral Higgs-Boson Contributions to the Decays B_s ->


  We report on a calculation of Higgs-boson contributions to the decays B_s ->
l^+l^- and B -> K l^+l^- (l=e, mu) which are governed by the effective
Hamiltonian describing b -> s l^+ l^-. Compact formulae for the Wilson
coefficients are provided in the context of the type-II two-Higgs-doublet model
(2HDM) and supersymmetry (SUSY) with minimal flavour violation, focusing on the
case of large tan(beta). We derive, in a model-independent way, constraints on
Higgs-boson-mediated interactions, using present experimental results on rare B
decays including b -> s gamma, B_s -> mu^+ mu^-, and B -> K^(*) mu^+ mu^-. In
particular, we assess the impact of possible scalar and pseudoscalar
interactions transcending the standard model (SM) on the branching ratio of B_s
-> mu^+ mu^- and the forward-backward (FB) asymmetry of mu^- in B -> K mu^+
mu^- decay. We find that the average FB asymmetry, which is unobservably small
within the SM, and therefore a potentially valuable tool to search for new
physics, is predicted to be no greater than 4% for a nominal branching ratio of
about 6x10^{-7}. Moreover, striking effects on the decay spectrum of B -> K
mu^+ mu^- are already ruled out by experimental data on the B_s -> mu^+ mu^-
branching fraction. In addition, we study the constraints on the parameter
space of the 2HDM and SUSY with minimal flavour violation. While the type-II
2HDM does not give any sizable contributions to the above decay modes, we find
that SUSY contributions obeying the constraint on b -> s gamma can affect
significantly the branching ratio of B_s -> mu^+ mu^-. We also comment on
previous calculations contained in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 372 </DOCNO>
Possibility of two-channel orbital Kondo "spin" 1/2 conductance in a


  We propose that two-channel orbital Kondo ``spin'' 1/2 conductance can be
measured in a quantum dot at Coulomb Blockade with an odd number of electrons
with contacts in a pillar configuration, if an orthogonal magnetic field
induces an appropriate level crossing. At the zero-temperature strong coupling
fixed point the conductance reaches the unitarity limit with a non-Fermi liquid
sqrt(T)-law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86683 </DOCNO>
The State Space of Perturbative Quantum Field Theory in Curved


  The space of continuous states of perturbative interacting quantum field
theories in globally hyperbolic curved spacetimes is determined. Following
Brunetti and Fredenhagen, we first define an abstract algebra of observables
which contains the Wick-polynomials of the free field as well as their
time-ordered products, and hence, by the well-known rules of perturbative
quantum field theory, also the observables (up to finite order) of interest for
the interacting quantum field theory. We then determine the space of continuous
states on this algebra. Our result is that this space consists precisely of
those states whose truncated n-point functions of the free field are smooth for
all n not equal to two, and whose two-point function has the singularity of a
Hadamard fundamental form. A crucial role in our analysis is played by the
positivity property of states. On the technical side, our proof involves
functional analytic methods, in particular the methods of microlocal analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40742 </DOCNO>
Neutron electric dipole moment: Constituent-dressing and compositeness


  Contributions to the neutron's EDM, are calculated using a well-constrained
Ansatz for the nucleon's Poincare' covariant Fadde'ev amplitude. The
momentum-dependent quark dressing amplifies the contribution from the
current-quarks' EDMs; and dressed-quark confinement and binding make
distinguishable the effect of the two CP and T violating interactions: i
gamma_5 sigma_{mu nu} (p_1-p_2)_nu and gamma_5 (p_1+p_2)_mu, where p_{1,2} are
the current-quarks' momenta. The value of |d_n| obtained using the
current-quark EDMs generated by a minimal three Higgs doublet model of
spontaneous CP violation is close to the current experimental upper bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95628 </DOCNO>
A differential analog of a theorem of Chevalley


  In this note a proof of a differential analog of Chevalley's theorem \cite{C}
on homomorphism extensions is given. An immediate corollary is a condition of
finitenes of extensions of differential algebras and several equivalent
definitions of a differentially closed field, including Kolchin's
Nullstellensatz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75865 </DOCNO>
Lambda^0 polarization as a probe for production of deconfined matter in


  We study the polarization change of Lambda^0's produced in ultra-relativistic
heavy-ion collisions with respect to the polarization observed in proton-proton
collisions as a signal for the formation of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP).
Assuming that, when the density of participants in the collision is larger than
the critical density for QGP formation, the Lambda^0 production mechanism
changes from recombination type processes to the coalescence of free valence
quarks, we find that the Lambda^0 polarization depends on the relative
contribution of each process to the total number of Lambda^0's produced in the
collision. To describe the polarization of Lambda^0's in nuclear collisions for
densities below the critical density for the QGP formation, we use the
DeGrand-Miettinen model corrected for the effects introduced by multiple
scattering of the produced Lambda^0 within the nuclear environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95468 </DOCNO>
The Abelian Sandpile Model on an Infinite Tree


  We consider the standard Abelian sandpile process on the Bethe lattice. We
show the existence of the thermodynamic limit for the finite volume stationary
measures and the existence of a unique infinite volume Markov process
exhibiting features of self-organized criticality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4940 </DOCNO>
Density response of the t-J model and renormalization of breathing and


  The density fluctuation spectrum $N({\bf k},\omega)$ is calculated for the
t-J model in the low-doping regime using a slave-fermion method for the
constrained fermions. The obtained results for $N({\bf k},\omega)$ are in good
agreement with diagonalization results. The density response is characterized
by incoherent, momentum dependent spectral functions reaching up to energies
$\sim 8t$ and a low-energy structure at energy $\sim J$ due to transitions in
the quasiparticle band. $N({\bf k},\omega)$ is shown to lead to a strong
renormalization of planar bond-streching and breathing phonon modes with a
large phonon linewidth at intermediate momenta caused by the low-energy
response. Our results are consistent with recent neutron scattering data,
showing the peculiar behavior of these modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73296 </DOCNO>
Implementing Unitarity in Perturbation Theory


  Unitarity cannot be perserved order by order in ordinary perturbation theory
because the constraint $UU^\dagger=\1$ is nonlinear. However, the corresponding
constraint for $K=\ln U$, being $K=-K^\dagger$, is linear so it can be
maintained in every order in a perturbative expansion of $K$. The perturbative
expansion of $K$ may be considered as a non-abelian generalization of the
linked-cluster expansion in probability theory and in statistical mechanics,
and possesses similar advantages resulting from separating the short-range
correlations from long-range effects. This point is illustrated in two QCD
examples, in which delicate cancellations encountered in summing Feynman
diagrams of are avoided when they are calculated via the perturbative expansion
of $K$. Applications to other problems are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148166 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Solitons on Orbifolds


  In the noncommutative field theory of open strings in a B-field, D-branes
arise as solitons described as projection operators or partial isometries in a
$C^*$ algebra. We discuss how D-branes on orbifolds fit naturally into this
algebraic framework, through the examples of $R^n/G$, $T^n=R^n/Z^n$, and
$T^n/G$. We also propose a framework for formulating D-branes on asymmetric
orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86816 </DOCNO>
Wave function of the Universe and Chern-Simons Perturbation Theory


  The Chern-Simons exact solution of four-dimensional quantum gravity with
nonvanishing cosmological constant is presented in metric variable as the
partition function of a Chern-Simons theory with nontrivial source. The
perturbative expansion is given, and the wave function is computed to the
lowest order of approximation for the Cauchy surface which is topologically a
3-sphere. The state is well-defined even at degenerate and vanishing values of
the dreibein. Reality conditions for the Ashtekar variables are also taken into
account; and remarkable features of the Chern-Simons state and their relevance
to cosmology are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87189 </DOCNO>
Inflationary phase in Generalized Brans-Dicke theory


  We derive an inflationary exponential model in a Brans-Dicke generalized
theory, where the coupling constant is in fact variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1107 </DOCNO>
Spatial variations of the superconductor gap structure in MgB2/Al


  Composites consisting of MgB2 and Al, 11% by volume, undergo a transition to
superconductivity onset at TC = 38 K, close to the value reported for pure
MgB2. The transition appears to have broadened, as determined by both magnetic
and transport measurements, possible due to the proximity effect and disorder.
Spatially resolved tunneling spectroscopy at 4.2 K exhibit a distribution of
gap structures, from BCS-like spectra with 2D/kBTc = 3.2 to spectra that are
typical for proximity superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123692 </DOCNO>
Cross-Roads in Studies of Galaxy Evolution


  Studies of galaxy evolution at optical and near-infrared wavelengths have
reached an interesting point in their historical development and the arrival of
a new millenium provides an appropriate occasion to review the overall
direction in which this subject is moving. The aim of this short essay is to
emphasize the qualitatively different datasets now arriving and the more
detailed and challenging scientific analyses needed for future progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1237 </DOCNO>
On the Ground State of Electron Gases at Negative Compressibility


  Two- and three-dimensional electron gases with a uniform neutralizing
background are studied at negative compressibility. Parametrized expressions
for the dielectric function are used to access this strong-coupling regime,
where the screened Coulomb potential becomes overall attractive for like
charges. Closely examining these expressions reveals that the ground state with
a periodic modulation of the charge density, albeit exponentially damped,
replaces the homogeneous one at positive compressibility. The wavevector
characterizing the new ground state depends on the density and is complex,
having a positive imaginary part, as does the homogeneous ground state, and
real part, as does the genuine charge density wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73050 </DOCNO>
B --> K l^+ l^- decay in the general two Higgs doublet model


  We study the branching ratio, CP-violating asymmetry, forward-backward
asymmetry and the CP-violating asymmetry in the forward-backward asymmetry for
the exclusive decay B--> K l^+ l^-$ in the two Higgs doublet model with tree
level flavor changing neutral currents (model III). We analyse the dependencies
of these quantities on the neutral Higgs boson contributions and the CP
parameter sin\theta in the model III. We observe that to determine the neutral
Higgs boson effects, the measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry and the
CP-violating asymmetry in the forward-backward asymmetry for the decay B--> K
l^+ l^- are promising.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6559 </DOCNO>
On superconductivity in armchair carbon nanotubes


  We use the momentum space renormalization group to study the influence of
phonons and the Coulomb interaction on the superconducting response function of
armchair single-walled nanotubes. We do not find superconductivity in undoped
single nanotubes. When doped, superconducting fluctuations can develop because
of the phonons but remain small and are easily destroyed by the Coulomb
interaction. The origin of superconductivity in ropes of nanotobes is most
likely an intertube effect. Projections to zig-zag nanotubes indicate a more
favorable disposition to superconducting fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126161 </DOCNO>
The Crab Nebula's Moving Wisps in Radio


  We present three high resolution radio images of the Crab nebula, taken in
1998.6, 1998.8 and 2000.1 with the VLA. These are the best radio images of the
Crab to date. We show that, near the pulsar, there are significant changes
between our three observing epochs. These changes have an elliptical geometry
very similar to that of the optical wisps. One radio wisp in particular can be
unambiguously identified between two of our observing epochs, and moves outward
with an apparent velocity of ~0.24. The similarity in both morphology and
behavior of the present radio wisps to the optical wisps suggests that they are
associated. This implies that the radio wisps, like the optical ones, are
likely manifestations of the shock in the Crab pulsar's wind. This suggests
that the radio emitting electrons are accelerated in the same region as the
ones responsible for the optical to X-ray emission, contrary to most current
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98632 </DOCNO>
Structures geometriques


  We study the notion of geometric structures for toposes: This generalizes the
notion of (X,G) manifolds. We give some applications to algebraic geometry

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41447 </DOCNO>
Resonant mesomolecule formation


  The dtm and ddm resonant fusion rates are calculated taking into account
finite resonance width and subthreshold resonances. Calculations do not use
multipole expansion of the potential. The obtained ddm resonant fusion rates
are compared with recent data at 30-360 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129331 </DOCNO>
Production of neutrons, neutrinos and gamma-rays by a very fast pulsar


  We consider the possibility that the excess of cosmic rays near $\sim
10^{18}$ eV, reported by the AGASA and SUGAR groups from the direction of the
Galactic Center, is caused by a young, very fast pulsar in the high density
medium. The pulsar accelerates iron nuclei to energies $\sim 10^{20}$ eV, as
postulated by the Galactic models for the origin of the highest energy cosmic
rays. The iron nuclei, after about 1 yr since pulsar formation, leave the
supernova envelope without energy losses and diffuse through the dense central
region of the Galaxy. Some of them collide with the background matter creating
neutrons (from desintegration of Fe), neutrinos and gamma-rays (in inelastic
collisions). Wse suggest that neutrons produced at a specific time after the
pulsar formation are responsible for the observed excess of cosmic rays at
$\sim 10^{18}$ eV. From normalization of the calculated neutron flux to the one
observed in the cosmic ray excess, we predict the neutrino and gamma-ray
fluxes. It has been found that the 1 km$^2$ neutrino detector of the IceCube
type should detect from a few up to several events per year from the Galactic
Center, depending on the parameters of the considered model. Also future
systems of Cherenkov telescopes (CANGAROO III, HESS, VERITAS) should be able to
observe 1 - 10 TeV $\gamma$-rays from the Galactic Center if the pulsar was
created inside a huge molecular cloud about $3-10\times 10^3$ yrs ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148371 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Sphere and Hyperbolic Space from Deformation Quantization


  We explicitly construct noncommutative * products on circularly symmetric two
dimensional space by using the technique of Fedosov's deformation quantization.
Especially, on constant curvature spaces i.e., S^2 and H^2, we get su(2) and
su(1,1) algebra respectively. These are candidates of * products applicable to
noncommutative field theories or noncommutative gauge theories on spaces with
nontrivial symplectic structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113682 </DOCNO>
Direct Determination of Harmonic and Inter-modulation distortions with


  Harmonic and Intermodulation distortions occur when a physical system is
excited with a single or several frequencies and when the relationship between
the input and output is non-linear. Working with non-linearities in the
Frequency domain is not straightforward specially when the relationship between
the input and output is not trivial. We outline the complete derivation of the
Harmonic and Intermodulation distortions from basic principles to a general
physical system. For illustration, the procedure is applied to the Single Mode
laser diode where the relationship of input to output is non-trivial. The
distortions terms are extracted directly from the Laser Diode rate equations
and the method is tested by comparison to many results cited in the literature.
This methodology is general enough to be applied to the extraction of
distortion terms to any desired order in many physical systems in a general and
systematic way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2943 </DOCNO>
Design of one-dimensional Lambertian diffusers of light


  We describe a method for designing a one-dimensional random surface that acts
as a Lambertian diffuser. The method is tested by means of rigorous computer
simulations and is shown to yield the desired scattering pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148510 </DOCNO>
Black Brane World Scenarios


  We consider a brane world residing in the interior region inside the horizon
of extreme black branes. In this picture, the size of the horizon can be
interpreted as the compactification size. The large mass hierarchy is simply
translated into the large horizon size, which is provided by the magnitude of
charges carried by the black branes. Hence, the macroscopic compactification
size is a quantity calculable from the microscopic theory which has only one
physical scale, and its stabilization is guaranteed from the charge
conservation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150154 </DOCNO>
DLCQ strings and branched covers of torii


  In this lecture I will review some results about the discrete light-cone
quantization (DLCQ) of strings and some connections of the results with matrix
string theory. I will review arguments which show that, in the path integral
representation of the thermal free energy of a string, the compactifications
which are necessary to obtain discrete light-cone quantization constrains the
integral over all Riemann surfaces of a given genus to the set of those Riemann
surfaces which are branched covers of a particular torus. I then review an
explicit check of this result at genus 1. I discuss the intriguing suggestion
that these branched covers of a torus are related to those which are found in a
certain limit of the matrix string model

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125118 </DOCNO>
The Inner Light Year of the Nearest Seyfert 1 Nucleus in NGC 4395


  The NRAO VLBA was used at 1.4 GHz to image the inner 550 mas (23 lt-years) of
the nearest known Seyfert 1 nucleus, in the Sm galaxy NGC 4395. One continuum
source was detected, with flux density $530\pm130 \mu$Jy, diameter d<11 mas
(0.46 lt-year), and brightness temperature $T_{\rm b} > 2.0\times10^6$ K. The
spectral power $P$ of the VLBA source is intermediate between those of
Sagittarius A and Sagittarius A$^*$ in the Galactic Center. For the VLBA source
in NGC 4395, the constraints on $T_b$, $d$, and $P$ are consistent with an
origin from a black hole but exclude an origin from a compact starburst or a
supernova remnant like Cassiopeia A. Moreover, the spectral powers of NGC 4395
at 1.4 and 4.9 GHz appear to be too low and too constant to allow analogy with
SN 1988Z, a suggested prototype for models of compact supernova remnants. The
variable and warm X-ray absorber in NGC 4395 has a free-free optical depth much
larger than unity at 1.4 GHz and, therefore, cannot fully cover the VLBA
source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73178 </DOCNO>
One-loop self-energy correction to the 1s and 2s hyperfine splitting in


  The one-loop self-energy correction to the hyperfine splitting of the 1s and
2s levels in H-like low-Z atoms is evaluated to all orders in Z\alpha. The
results are compared to perturbative calculations. The residual higher-order
contribution is evaluated. Implications to the specific difference of the
hyperfine structure intervals 8\Delta \nu_2 - \Delta \nu_1 in He^+ are
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3161 </DOCNO>
Critical behaviour in parabolic geometries


  We study two-dimensional systems with boundary curves described by power
laws. Using conformal mappings we obtain the correlations at the bulk critical
point. Three different classes of behaviour are found and explained by scaling
arguments which also apply to higher dimensions. For an Ising system of
parabolic shape the behaviour of the order at the tip is also found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74363 </DOCNO>
Maximum Relative Strangeness Content in Heavy Ion Collisions Around 30


  It is shown that the ratio of strange to non-strange particle production in
relativistic heavy ion collisions is expected to reach a maximum at beam
energies around 30 A.GeV in the lab frame. This maximum is unique to heavy ion
collisions, and has no equivalent in elementary particle collisions.
 The appearance of the maximum is due to the energy dependence of the chemical
freeze-out parameters and is clearly seen as a pronounced peak in the
Wroblewski factor as a function of the incident energy as well as in the
behavior of the K+/pi+ ratio. Below 30 A.GeV strange baryons contribute
strongly because of the very large value of the chemical potential muB.
 As the energy increases, the decrease of the baryon chemical potential coupled
with only moderate increases in the associated temperature causes a decline in
the relative number of strange baryons above energies of about 30 A.GeV leading
to very pronounced maxima in the Lambda/pi+ and Xi-/pi+ ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168148 </DOCNO>
A Method for Deriving the Dirac Equation from the Relativistic Newton's


  The derivation becomes possible when we find a new formalism which connects
the relativistic mechanics with the quantum mechanics. In this paper, we
explore the quantum wave nature from the Newtonian mechanics by using a
concept: velocity field. At first, we rewrite the relativistic Newton's second
law as a field equation in terms of the velocity field, which directly reveals
a new relationship connecting to the quantum mechanics. Next, we show that the
Dirac equation can be derived from the field equation in a rigorous and
consistent manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149671 </DOCNO>
D=2+1 N=2 Yang-Mills Theory From Wrapped Branes


  We find a new solution of Type IIB supergravity which represents a collection
of D5 branes wrapped on the topologically non-trivial S^3 of the deformed
conifold geometry T^*S^3. The Type IIB solution is obtained by lifting a new
solution of D=7 SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R gauged supergravity to ten dimensions in
which SU(2)_D gauge fields in the diagonal subgroup are turned on. The
supergravity solution describes a slice of the Coulomb branch in the large N
limit of N=2 SYM in three dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96189 </DOCNO>
Action integrals along closed isotopies in coadjoint orbits


  Let ${\cal O}$ be the orbit of $\eta\in{\frak g}^*$ under the coadjoint
action of the compact Lie group $G$. We give two formulae for calculating the
action integral along a closed Hamiltonian isotopy on ${\cal O}$. The first one
expresses this action in terms of a particular character of the isotropy
subgroup of $\eta$. In the second one is involved the character of an
irreducible representation of $G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95865 </DOCNO>
A Generalization of Poisson-Nijenhuis Structures


  We generalize Poisson-Nijenhuis structures. We prove that on a manifold
endowed with a Nijenhuis tensor and a Jacobi structure which are compatible,
there is a hierarchy of pairwise compatible Jacobi structures.
  Furthermore, we study the homogeneous Poisson-Nijenhuis structures and their
relations with Jacobi structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169559 </DOCNO>
Some aspects of separability


  We present three necessary separability criteria for bipartite mixed states,
the violation of each of these conditions is a sufficient condition for
entanglement. Some ideas on the issue of finding a necessary and sufficient
criterion of separability are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113985 </DOCNO>
Atomic collision dynamics in optical lattices


  We simulate collisions between two atoms, which move in an optical lattice
under the dipole-dipole interaction. The model describes simultaneously the two
basic dynamical processes, namely the Sisyphus cooling of single atoms, and the
light-induced inelastic collisions between them. We consider the J=1/2 -> J=3/2
laser cooling transition for Cs, Rb and Na. We find that the hotter atoms in a
thermal sample are selectively lost or heated by the collisions, which modifies
the steady state distribution of atomic velocities, reminiscent of the
evaporative cooling process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169501 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic molecular ions in Bose-Einstein condensates


  We study the possible formation of large (mesoscopic) molecular ions in an
ultracold degenerate bosonic gas doped with charged particles (ions). We show
that the polarization potentials produced by the ionic impurities are capable
of capturing hundreds of atoms into loosely bound states. We describe the
spontaneous formation of these hollow molecular ions via phonon emission and
suggest an optical technique for coherent stimulated transitions of free atoms
into a specific bound state. These results open up new interesting
possibilities for manipulating tightly confined ensembles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7318 </DOCNO>
Soliton dynamics in damped and forced Boussinesq equations


  We investigate the dynamics of a lattice soliton on a monatomic chain in the
presence of damping and external forces. We consider Stokes and hydrodynamical
damping. In the quasi-continuum limit the discrete system leads to a damped and
forced Boussinesq equation. By using a multiple-scale perturbation expansion up
to second order in the framework of the quasi-continuum approach we derive a
general expression for the first-order velocity correction which improves
previous results. We compare the soliton position and shape predicted by the
theory with simulations carried out on the level of the monatomic chain system
as well as on the level of the quasi-continuum limit system. For this purpose
we restrict ourselves to specific examples, namely potentials with cubic and
quartic anharmonicities as well as the truncated Morse potential, without
taking into account external forces. For both types of damping we find a good
agreement with the numerical simulations both for the soliton position and for
the tail which appears at the rear of the soliton. Moreover we clarify why the
quasi-continuum approximation is better in the hydrodynamical damping case than
in the Stokes damping case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97038 </DOCNO>
Lie algebroid foliations and ${\cal E}^1(M)$-Dirac structures


  We prove some general results about the relation between the 1-cocycles of an
arbitrary Lie algebroid $A$ over $M$ and the leaves of the Lie algebroid
foliation on $M$ associated with $A$. Using these results, we show that a
${\cal E}^1(M)$-Dirac structure $L$ induces on every leaf $F$ of its
characteristic foliation a ${\cal E}^1(F)$-Dirac structure $L_F$, which comes
from a precontact structure or from a locally conformal presymplectic structure
on $F$. In addition, we prove that a Dirac structure $\tilde{L}$ on $M\times
\R$ can be obtained from $L$ and we discuss the relation between the leaves of
the characteristic foliations of $L$ and $\tilde{L}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75849 </DOCNO>
Probing generalized parton distributions in pi N -> l+ l- N


  We study the exclusive reactions pi- p -> l+ l- n and pi+ n -> l+ l- p$ in
view of possible future experiments with high-intensity pion beams. For large
invariant mass of the lepton pair l+ l- and small squared momentum transfer to
the nucleon these are hard-scattering processes providing access to generalized
parton distributions. We estimate the cross section for these reactions,
explore their connection with the pion form factor, and discuss the role they
can play in improving our understanding of the relevant reaction mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 779 </DOCNO>
Power Law Distribution of the Duration and Magnitude of Recessions in


  Power law distributions of macroscopic observables are ubiquitous in both the
natural and social sciences. They are indicative of correlated, cooperative
phenomena between groups of interacting agents at the microscopic level. In
this paper we argue that when one is considering aggregate macroeconomic data
(annual growth rates in real per capita GDP in the seventeen leading capitalist
economies from 1870 through to 1994) the magnitude and duration of recessions
over the business cycle do indeed follow power law like behaviour for a
significant proportion of the data (demonstrating the existence of cooperative
phenomena amongst economic agents). Crucially, however, there are systematic
deviations from this behaviour when one considers the frequency of occurrence
of large recessions. Under these circumstances the power law scaling breaks
down. It is argued that it is the adaptive behaviour of the agents (their
ability to recognise the changing economic environment) which modifies their
cooperative behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4981 </DOCNO>
Current-Induced Superconductor-Insulator Transition in Granular High-T_c


  In this work we report a systematic study of electrical current effects on
superconducting properties of granular
Y$_{1-x}$Pr$_{x}$Ba$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-\delta}$ samples with x close to the
critical Pr concentration above which the superconductivity vanishes. The
results indicate the occurrence of superconductor-insulator quantum phase
transition (SIT) driven by the applied electrical current, and suggest that the
current-induced SIT can be considered as the dynamical counterpart of the
magnetic-field- tuned SIT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1927 </DOCNO>
Angle-Resolved Loss of Landau Quasiparticles in 2D Hubbard Model


  The problem of weakly correlated electrons on a square lattice is studied
theoretically. A simple renormalization group scheme for the angle-resolved
weight Z of the quasiparticles at the Fermi surface is presented and applied to
the Hubbard model.
  Upon reduction of the cutoff the Fermi surface is progressively destroyed
from the van Hove points toward the zone diagonals. Due to the renormalized Z,
divergences of both antiferromagnetic and superconducting correlation functions
are suppressed at the critical scale, where the interactions diverge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2739 </DOCNO>
Positional, Reorientational and Bond Orientational Order in DNA


  We investigate the orientational order of transverse polarization vectors of
long, stiff polymer molecules and their coupling to bond orientational and
positional order in high density mesophases. Homogeneous ordering of transverse
polarization vector promotes distortions in the hexatic phase, whereas
inhomogeneous ordering precipitates crystalization of the 2D sections with
different orientations of the transverse polarization vector on each molecule
in the unit cell. We propose possible scenarios for going from the hexatic
phase, through the distorted hexatic phase to the crystalline phase with an
orthorhombic unit cell observed experimentally for the case of DNA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3154 </DOCNO>
Lattice animals on a staircase and generalized Fibonacci numbers


  We study the statistics of column-convex lattice animals generated by the
stacking of squares on a staircase with step height p. We calculate the number
of animals with area k living on l stairs. The total number of animals with
area k is given by the generalized Fibonacci number F_p(k). Exact results for
the mean length and mean height of animals with area k are also obtained and we
examine their asymptotic behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127345 </DOCNO>
Pismis 2, a poorly studied, intermediate age open cluster


  We present CCD BVI photometry of the intermediate age open cluster Pismis 2,
covering from the brighter red giants to about 5 magnitudes below the main
sequence turn-off. The cluster is heavily reddened and is possibly affected by
a differential reddening of Delta E(B-V) ~= 0.04-0.06.
  Using the synthetic Colour - Magnitude Diagram method, we estimate in a
self-consistent way distance modulus, (n-M)0 ~= 12.5-12.7, and age ~= 1.1-1.2
Gyr. The cluster probably contains a significant fraction of binary systems.
The metallicity is most likely solar and the reddening E(B-V) ranges between
1.26 and 1.32 depending on the cluster region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1632 </DOCNO>
Vortex dynamics and upper critical fields in ultrathin Bi films


  Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of quench condensed, superconducting,
ultrathin $Bi$ films in a magnetic field are reported. These I-V's show
hysteresis for all films, grown both with and without thin $Ge$ underlayers.
Films on Ge underlayers, close to superconductor-insulator transition (SIT),
show a peak in the critical current, indicating a structural transformation of
the vortex solid (VS). These underlayers, used to make the films more
homogeneous, are found to be more effective in pinning the vortices. The upper
critical fields (B$_{c2}$) of these films are determined from the resistive
transitions in perpendicular magnetic field. The temperature dependence of the
upper critical field is found to differ significantly from Ginzburg-Landau
theory, after modifications for disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126024 </DOCNO>
Production of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters


  The discovery of numerous non-nuclear X-ray point sources with luminosities
L>10^39 erg/s in several starburst galaxies has stimulated speculation about
their nature and origin. The strong variability seen in several sources points
to massive black holes as the central engines. If the flux is isotropic, the
luminosities range up to roughly 10^41 erg/s, implying masses of M>10^3 Msun if
the luminosity is sub-Eddington. Here we explore a model for these sources. We
suggest that in some tens of percent of globular clusters a very massive black
hole, M>50 Msun, is formed. This black hole sinks in <10^6 yr to the center of
the cluster, where in the 10^10 yr lifetime of the cluster it accretes roughly
10^3 Msun, primarily in the form of lighter black holes. Unlike less massive
black holes in binaries, which are flung from clusters by recoil before they
can merge gravitationally, a >50 Msun black hole has enough inertia that it
remains bound to the cluster. We suggest that 10^3 Msun black holes may be
common in the centers of dense globular clusters, and may therefore exist in
some tens of percent of current globulars. If the cluster later merges with its
host galaxy, accretion from young star clusters in molecular clouds by the
black hole can generate luminosity consistent with that observed. We also
consider the detectability of massive black holes in globular clusters with
gravitational wave detectors such as LISA and LIGO, and speculate on future
observations that may test our predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98974 </DOCNO>
An extension theorem for separately holomorphic functions with


  Let $D_j\subset\Bbb C^{n_j}$ be a pseudoconvex domain and let $A_j\subset
D_j$ be a locally pluriregular set, $j=1,...,N$. Put $$ X:=\bigcup_{j=1}^N
A_1\times...\times A_{j-1}\times D_j\times A_{j+1}\times ...\times
A_N\subset\Bbb C^{n_1}\times...\times\Bbb C^{n_N}=\Bbb C^n. $$ Let
$U\subset\Bbb C^n$ be an open neighborhood of $X$ and let $M\subset U$ be a
relatively closed subset of $U$. For $j\in\{1,...,N\}$ let $\Sigma_j$ be the
set of all $(z',z'')\in(A_1\times...\times A_{j-1})
\times(A_{j+1}\times...\times A_N)$ for which the fiber
$M_{(z',\cdot,z'')}:=\{z_j\in\Bbb C^{n_j}\: (z',z_j,z'')\in M\}$ is not
pluripolar. Assume that $\Sigma_1,...,\Sigma_N$ are pluripolar. Put $$
X':=\bigcup_{j=1}^N\{(z',z_j,z'')\in(A_1\times...\times A_{j-1})\times D_j
\times(A_{j+1}\times...\times A_N)\: (z',z'')\notin\Sigma_j\}. $$ Then there
exists a relatively closed pluripolar subset $\hat M\subset\hat X$ of the
`envelope of holomorphy' $\hat X\subset\Bbb C^n$ of $X$ such that: $\hat M\cap
X'\subset M$, for every function $f$ separately holomorphic on $X\setminus M$
there exists exactly one function $\hat f$ holomorphic on $\hat X\setminus\hat
M$ with $\hat f=f$ on $X'\setminus M$, and $\hat M$ is singular with respect to
the family of all functions $\hat f$. Some special cases were previously
studied in \cite{Jar-Pfl 2001c}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179408 </DOCNO>
Formation and decay of super heavy systems


  We investigate the formation and the decay of heavy systems which are above
the fission barrier. By using a microscopic simulation of constraint molecular
dynamics (CoMD) on Au+Au collision, we observe composite states stay for very
long time before decaying by fission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98057 </DOCNO>
Full duality for coactions of discrete groups


  Using the strong relation between coactions of a discrete group G on
C*-algebras and Fell bundles over G, we prove a new version of Mansfield's
imprimitivity theorem for coactions of discrete groups. Our imprimitivity
theorem works for the universally defined full crossed products and arbitrary
subgroups of G, as opposed to the usual theory which uses the spatially defined
reduced crossed products and normal subgroups of G. Moreover, our theorem
factors through the usual one by passing to appropriate quotients. As
applications we show that a Fell bundle over a discrete group is amenable in
the sense of Exel if and only if the double dual action is amenable in the
sense that the maximal and reduced crossed products coincide. We also give a
new characterization of induced coactions in terms of their dual actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83552 </DOCNO>
Self-adaptive exploration in evolutionary search


  We address a primary question of computational as well as biological research
on evolution: How can an exploration strategy adapt in such a way as to exploit
the information gained about the problem at hand? We first introduce an
integrated formalism of evolutionary search which provides a unified view on
different specific approaches. On this basis we discuss the implications of
indirect modeling (via a ``genotype-phenotype mapping'') on the exploration
strategy. Notions such as modularity, pleiotropy and functional phenotypic
complex are discussed as implications. Then, rigorously reflecting the notion
of self-adaptability, we introduce a new definition that captures
self-adaptability of exploration: different genotypes that map to the same
phenotype may represent (also topologically) different exploration strategies;
self-adaptability requires a variation of exploration strategies along such a
``neutral space''. By this definition, the concept of neutrality becomes a
central concern of this paper. Finally, we present examples of these concepts:
For a specific grammar-type encoding, we observe a large variability of
exploration strategies for a fixed phenotype, and a self-adaptive drift towards
short representations with highly structured exploration strategy that matches
the ``problem's structure''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128649 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum of the Th-Ar Hollow-Cathode Lamp Used with the 2dcoude


  We have produced an atlas of the Th-Ar hollow-cathode lamp used with the
2dcoude spectrograph at McDonald Observatory. The atlas covers from 3611.9 to
10596.4 A at a resolving power of 52,000. We have determined the wavelenghts of
1483 emission lines in the spectrum with a median precision of 0.00023 A. A
web-based interface is offered for interactive visualization of segments of the
atlas or spectral orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124989 </DOCNO>
Nuclear obscuration in the high-ionization Seyfert 2 galaxy Tol 0109-383


  We report the BeppoSAX detection of a hard X-ray excess in the X-ray spectrum
of the classical high-ionization Seyfert 2 galaxy Tol0109-383. The X-ray
emission of this source observed below 7 keV is dominated by reflection from
both cold and ionized gas, as seen in the ASCA data. The excess hard X-ray
emission is presumably due to the central source absorbed by an optically thick
obscuring torus with N(H)~2e24 cm-2. The strong cold X-ray reflection, if it is
produced at the inner surface of the torus, is consistent with the picture
where much of the inner nucleus of Tol0109-383 is exposed to direct view, as
indicated by optical and infrared properties. However, the X-ray absorption
must occur at small radii in order to hide the central X-ray source but leave
the optical high-ionization emission line region unobscured. This may also be
the case for objects like the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk231.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6049 </DOCNO>
Self-organized Criticality on Small World Networks


  We study the BTW-height model of self-organized criticality on a square
lattice with some long range connections giving to the lattice the character of
small world network. We find that as function of the fraction $p$ of long
ranged bonds the power law of the avalanche size and lifetime distribution
changes following a crossover scaling law with crossover exponents 2/3 and 1
for size and lifetime respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1705 </DOCNO>
Phase Transition Of The Spin-One Square-Lattice Anisotropic Heisenberg


  The coupled cluster method (CCM) is applied to the spin-one anisotropic
Heisenberg antiferromagnet (HAF) on the square lattice at zero temperature
using a new high-order CCM ground-state formalism for general quantum spin
number ($s \ge 1/2$). The results presented constitute the first such
application of this new formalism, and they are shown to be among the most
accurate results for the ground-state energy and sublattice magnetisation of
this model as yet determined. We ``track'' the solution to the CCM equations at
a given level of approximation with respect to the anisotropy parameter,
$\Delta$, from the trivial Ising limit ($\Delta \to \infty$) down to a critical
value $\Delta_c$, at which point this solution terminates. This behaviour is
associated with a phase transition in the system, and hence a primary result of
these high-order CCM calculations is that they provide an accurate and unbiased
(i.e., {\it ab initio}) estimation of the position of the quantum phase
transition point as a function of the anisotropy parameter. Our result is,
namely, that this point occurs at (or slightly below) the isotropic Heisenberg
point at $\Delta=1$, for this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179283 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic flow at RHIC


  We review the apparently hydrodynamic behaviour of low transverse momentum
particles (p_T < 1.5 GeV/c) produced in central and semicentral (b < 7 fm)
heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We investigate the impact parameter dependence of
various observables, elaborating on radial and elliptic flow and particle
multiplicities. We also discuss possible ambiguities in the initialization of
the hydrodynamic system and present observables that should allow for their
resolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127067 </DOCNO>
Recent Chandra Results on AGNs & Future Prospects


  I review Chandra's achievements in the last two years in AGN research. I
concentrate on some topics of my interest; some others are reviewed in an
accompanying article by K. Nandra. I comment briefly on the need to allow for
the discovery space to ensure rapid progress in the field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74147 </DOCNO>
Quantum Corrections to Q-Balls


  We extend calculational techniques for static solitons to the case of field
configurations with simple time dependence in order to consider quantum effects
on the stability of Q-balls. These nontopological solitons exist classically
for any fixed value of an unbroken global charge Q. We show that one-loop
quantum effects can destabilize very small Q-balls. We show how the properties
of the soliton are reflected in the associated scattering problem, and find
that a good approximation to the full one-loop quantum energy of a Q-ball is
given by $\omega - E_0$, where $\omega$ is the frequency of the classical
soliton's time dependence, and $E_0$ is the energy of the lowest bound state in
the associated scattering problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129616 </DOCNO>
VLBI Monitoring Observations of Water Masers Around the Semi-Regular


  We monitored water-vapor masers around the semi-regular variable star R
Crateris with the Japanese VLBI Network (J-Net) at the 22 GHz band during four
epochs with intervals of one month. The relative proper motions and
Doppler-velocity drifts of twelve maser features were measured. Most of them
existed for longer than 80 days. The 3-D kinematics of the features indicates a
bipolar expanding flow. The major axis of the asymmetric flow was estimated to
be at P.A. = 136 degrees. The existence of a bipolar outflow suggests that a
Mira variable star had already formed a bipolar outflow. The water masers are
in a region of apparent minimum radii of 1.3 x 10^12 m and maximum radii of 2.6
x 10^12 m, between which the expansion velocity ranges from 4.3 to 7.4 km/s.
These values suggest that the water masers are radially accelerated, but still
gravitationally bound, in the water-maser region. The most positive and
negative velocity-drifting features were found relatively close to the systemic
velocity of the star. We found that the blue-shifted features are apparently
accelerated and the red-shifted apparently decelerated. The acceleration of
only the blue-shifted features seems to be consistent with that of the
expanding flow from the star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83898 </DOCNO>
Spectrum auctions, pricing and network expansion in wireless


  This paper examines the effects of licensing conditions, in particular of
spectrum fees, on the pricing and diffusion of mobile communications services.
Seemingly exorbitant sums paid for 3G licenses in the UK, Germany in 2000 and
similarly high fees paid by U.S. carriers in the re-auctioning of PCS licenses
early in 2001 raised concerns as to the impacts of the market entry regime on
the mobile communications market.
  The evidence from the GSM and PCS markets reviewed in this paper suggests
that market entry fees do indeed influence the subsequent development of the
market. We discuss three potential transmission channels by which license fees
can influence the price and quantity of service sold in a wireless market: an
increase in average cost, an increase in incremental costs, and impacts of sunk
costs on the emerging market structure.
  From this conceptual debate, an empirical model is developed and tested using
cross-sectional data for the residential mobile voice market. We utilize a
structural equation approach, modeling the supply and demand relationships
subject to the constraint that supply equals demand. The results confirm the
existence of a positive effect of license fees on the cost of supply. However,
we also find that higher market concentration has a positive effect on the
overall supply in the market, perhaps supporting a Schumpeterian view that a
certain degree of market concentration facilitates efficiency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124040 </DOCNO>
Precision Timing Measurements of PSR J1012+5307


  We present results and applications of high precision timing measurements of
the millisecond pulsar J1012+5307. Combining our radio observations with
results based on optical observations, we derive complete 3-D velocity
information for this system. Correcting for Doppler effects, we derive the
intrinsic spin parameters of this pulsar and a characteristic age of 8.6 +/-
1.9 Gyr. Our upper limit for the orbital eccentricity of only 8 * 10^-7 (68%
C.L.) is the smallest ever measured for a binary system. We demonstrate that
this makes the pulsar an ideal laboratory to test certain aspects of
alternative theories of gravitation. Our precise measurements suggest
deviations from a simple pulsar spin-down timing model, which are consistent
with timing noise and the extrapolation of the known behaviour of slowly
rotating pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113499 </DOCNO>
Optimality of the genetic code with respect to protein stability and


  How robust is the natural genetic code with respect to mistranslation errors?
It has long been known that the genetic code is very efficient in limiting the
effect of point mutation. A misread codon will commonly code either for the
same amino acid or for a similar one in terms of its biochemical properties, so
the structure and function of the coded protein remain relatively unaltered.
Previous studies have attempted to address this question more quantitatively,
namely by statistically estimating the fraction of randomly generated codes
that do better than the genetic code regarding its overall robustness. In this
paper, we extend these results by investigating the role of amino acid
frequencies in the optimality of the genetic code. When measuring the relative
fitness of the natural code with respect to a random code, it is indeed natural
to assume that a translation error affecting a frequent amino acid is less
favorable than that of a rare one, at equal mutation cost. We find that taking
the amino acid frequency into account accordingly decreases the fraction of
random codes that beat the natural code, making the latter comparatively even
more robust. This effect is particularly pronounced when more refined measures
of the amino acid substitution cost are used than hydrophobicity. To show this,
we devise a new cost function by evaluating with computer experiments the
change in folding free energy caused by all possible single-site mutations in a
set of known protein structures. With this cost function, we estimate that of
the order of one random code out of 100 millions is more fit than the natural
code when taking amino acid frequencies into account. The genetic code seems
therefore structured so as to minimize the consequences of translation errors
on the 3D structure and stability of proteins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81187 </DOCNO>
Lattice results for the decay constant of heavy-light vector mesons


  We compute the leptonic decay constants of heavy-light vector mesons in the
quenched approximation. The reliability of lattice computations for heavy
quarks is checked by comparing the ratio of vector to pseudoscalar decay
constant with the prediction of Heavy Quark Effective Theory in the limit of
infinitely heavy quark mass. Good agreement is found. We then calculate the
decay constant ratio for B mesons: $f_{B^*}/f_B= 1.01(0.01)(^{+0.04}_{-0.01})$.
We also quote quenched $f_{B^*}=177(6)(17)$ MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2070 </DOCNO>
Vibrational origin of the fast relaxation processes in molecular


  We study the interaction of the relaxation processes with the density
fluctuations by molecular dynamics simulation of a flexible molecule model for
o-terphenyl (oTP) in the liquid and supercooled phases. We find evidence,
besides the structural relaxation, of a secondary vibrational relaxation whose
characteristic time, few ps, is slightly temperature dependent. This i)
confirms the result by Monaco et al. [Phys. Rev, E 62, 7595 (2000)] of the
vibrational nature of the fast relaxation observed in Brillouin Light
Scattering (BLS) experiments in oTP; and ii) poses a caveat on the
interpretation of the BLS spectra of molecular systems in terms of a purely
center of mass dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114067 </DOCNO>
Is the Critical Reynolds Number Universal?


  The laminar-turbulent transition in the circular pipe flow has been tested
experimentally. The critical Reynolds numbers for the flows of different gases
(He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, N2, CO2, SF6) and liquids (H2O, D2O, C2H5OH) have been
compared. The difference up to 40% was observed. The possible reasons of
non-universality of critical Reynolds number are discussed. The conclusion is
the statistical approach is needed to penetrate into the nature of observed
phenomenon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179167 </DOCNO>
Erratum: Eur. Phy. J. C 12 (2000) 109 (A Second Look at Single Photon


  It has been shown recently that the values of $J_T$ and $J_L$ which appear in
Eqs.(2) and (5) of the above paper and which are taken from the work of
Aurenche et al are too large by a factor of 4. Correcting for this changes the
Fig.~2. More-over, now the emissions from the quark matter dominate only for
$p_T <$ 1 GeV/$c$. The basic result of the paper, that the upper limit of the
single-photon production in the WA80 experiment is consistent with the rates
for photon production at two-loop level remains valid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127549 </DOCNO>
V348 Puppis: a new SW Sex star in the period gap


  We present time-resolved optical spectroscopy and photometry of the nova-like
cataclysmic variable V348 Puppis. The system displays the same spectroscopic
behaviour as SW Sex stars, so we classify V348 Pup as a new member of the
class. V348 Pup is the second SW Sex system (the first is V795 Herculis) which
lies in the period gap. The spectra exhibit enhanced HeII 4686 emission,
reminiscent of magnetic cataclysmic variables. The study of this emission line
gives a primary velocity semi-amplitude of K1 ~= 100 km/s. We have also derived
the system parameters, obtaining: M1 ~= 0.65 Msun, M2 ~= 0.20 Msun (q ~= 0.31),
i ~= 80 deg and K2 ~= 323 km/s. The spectroscopic behaviour of V348 Pup is very
similar to that of V795 Her, with the exception that V348 Pup shows deep
eclipses. We have computed the ``0.5-absorption'' spectrum of both systems,
obtaining spectra which resemble the absorption spectrum of a B0 V star. We
propose that absorption in SW Sex systems can be produced by a vertically
extended atmosphere which forms where the gas stream re-impacts the system,
either at the accretion disc or at the white dwarf's magnetosphere (assuming a
magnetic scenario).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72881 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal production of gravitinos and inflatinos


  We explicitly calculate nonthermal gravitino production during the preheating
period in the inflationary Universe. Contrary to earlier investigations, we
consider a two--field model to separate the mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking and inflation. We show that the superpartner of the inflaton is
significantly generated, while the gravitino production is considerably
smaller. Nonthermal production of gravitinos seems thus less worrisome than
recently claimed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 281 </DOCNO>
One-dimensional dynamics of the d-electrons in


  We have studied the electronic properties of the ladder compound
$\alpha'$-NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$, adopting a joint experimental and theoretical
approach. The momentum-dependent loss function was measured using electron
energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission. The optical conductivity derived from
the loss function by a Kramers-Kronig analysis agrees well with our results
from LSDA+U band-structure calculations upon application of an
antiferromagnetic alignment of the V~3$d_{xy}$ spins along the legs and an
on-site Coulomb interaction U of between 2 and 3 eV. The decomposition of the
calculated optical conductivity into contributions from transitions between
selected energy regions of the DOS reveals the origin of the observed
anisotropy of the optical conductivity. In addition, we have investigated the
plasmon excitations related to transitions between the vanadium states within
an effective 16 site vanadium cluster model. Good agreement between the
theoretical and experimental loss function was obtained using the hopping
parameters derived from the tight binding fit to the band-structure and
moderate Coulomb interactions between the electrons within the ab plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77123 </DOCNO>
Cube or hypercube of natural units


  Max Planck introduced four natural units: h, c, G, k. Only the first three of
them retained their status, representing the so called cube of theories, after
the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics were created and became the
pillars of physics. This short note is a little pebble on the tombstone of
Michael Samuilovich Marinov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74710 </DOCNO>
Unintegrated generalised parton distributions


  We show how the generalised (or skewed) parton distributions of the proton,
H(x, xi; k_t^2, mu^2), unintegrated over the partonic transverse momenta, can
be calculated from the known conventional parton distributions, q(x, mu^2) and
g(x, mu^2), for small values of the skewedness parameter xi. We demonstrate the
procedure by numerically evaluating the skewed unintegrated gluon. We also
provide a simple approximate phenomenological form of the distribution, which
may be used to make more rapid predictions of observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97680 </DOCNO>
Einstein Metrics on Rational Homology 7-Spheres


  In this paper we demonstrate the existence of Sasakian-Einstein structures on
certain 2-connected rational homology 7-spheres. These appear to be the first
non-regular examples of Sasakian-Einstein metrics on simply connected rational
homology spheres. We also briefly describe the rational homology 7-spheres that
admit regular positive Sasakian structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6715 </DOCNO>
Growth of a Bose-Einstein condensate: A detailed comparison of theory


  We extend the earlier model of condensate growth of Davis et al [Davis MJ,
Gardiner CW and Ballagh RJ 2000, Phys. Rev. A 62, 063608] to include the effect
of gravity in a magnetic trap. We carry out calculations to model the
experiment reported by K\"{o}hl et al [K\"{o}hl M, Davis MJ, Gardiner CW,
H\"{a}nsch T and Esslinger T, Preprint, cond-mat/0106642] who study the
formation of a rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate for a range of evaporative
cooling parameters. We find that in the regime where our model is valid, the
theoretical curves agree with all the experimental data with no fitting
parameters. However, for the slowest cooling of the gas the theoretical curve
deviates significantly from the experimental curves. It is possible that this
discrepancy may be related to the formation of a quasicondensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3454 </DOCNO>
Driving current through single organic molecules


  We investigate electronic transport through two types of conjugated
molecules. Mechanically controlled break-junctions are used to couple thiol
endgroups of single molecules to two gold electrodes. Current-voltage
characteristics (IVs) of the metal-molecule-metal system are observed. These
IVs reproduce the spatial symmetry of the molecules with respect to the
direction of current flow. We hereby unambigously detect an intrinsic property
of the molecule, and are able to distinguish the influence of both the molecule
and the contact to the metal electrodes on the transport properties of the
compound system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2880 </DOCNO>
Magnetic phase separation in ordered alloys


  We present a lattice model to study the equilibrium phase diagram of ordered
alloys with one magnetic component that exhibits a low temperature phase
separation between paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases. The model is
constructed from the experimental facts observed in Cu$_{3-x}$AlMn$_{x}$ and it
includes coupling between configurational and magnetic degrees of freedom which
are appropriated for reproducing the low temperature miscibility gap. The
essential ingredient for the occurrence of such a coexistence region is the
development of ferromagnetic order induced by the long-range atomic order of
the magnetic component. A comparative study of both mean-field and Monte Carlo
solutions is presented. Moreover, the model may enable the study of the
structure of the ferromagnetic domains embedded in the non-magnetic matrix.
This is relevant in relation to phenomena such as magnetoresistance and
paramagnetism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124185 </DOCNO>
Rotational Viscosity in Linear Irreversible Thermodynamics and its


  A generalized analysis of the local entropy production of a simple fluid is
used to show that, if intrinsic angular momentum is taken into account,
rotational viscosity must arise in the linear non-equilibrium regime. As a
consequence, the stress tensor of dense rotating matter, such as the one
present in neutron stars, posseses a significant non-vansishing antisymmetrical
part. A simple argument suggests that, due to the extreme magnetic fields
present in neutron stars, the relaxation time associated to rotational
viscosity is large (approx 10^{21} s). The formalism leads to generalized
Navier-Stokes equations useful in neutron star physics which involve vorticity
in the linear regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73880 </DOCNO>
SU(2) gluon propagators from the lattice - a preview


  High accuracy numerical results for the SU(2) gluonic form factor are
previewed for the case of Landau gauge. I focus on the information of quark
confinement encoded in the gluon propagator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114246 </DOCNO>
SNS Application Programming Plan


  The architecture for Spallation Neutron Source accelerator physics
application programs is presented. These high level applications involve
processing and managing information from the diagnostic instruments, the
machine control system, models and static databases; they will be used to
investigate and control beam behavior. Primary components include an SNS global
database and Java-based Application Toolkit, called XAL. A key element in the
SNS application programs is time synchronization of data used in these
applications, due to the short pulse length (1 ms), pulsed (60 Hz) nature of
the device. The data synchronization progress is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86902 </DOCNO>
Radiation from accelerated perfect or dispersive mirrors following


  We address the question of radiation emission from both perfect and
dispersive mirrors following prescribed relativistic trajectories. The
trajectories considered are asymptotically inertial: the mirror starts from
rest and eventually reverts to motion at uniform velocity. This enables us to
provide a description in terms of in and out states. We calculate exactly the
Bogolubov alpha and beta coefficients for a specific form of the trajectory,
and stress the analytic properties of the amplitudes and the constraints
imposed by unitarity. A formalism for the description of emission of radiation
from a dispersive mirror is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128212 </DOCNO>
Micro-Jy radio sources in the z=0.83 cluster MS1054-03


  An extremely deep 5 GHz radio observation is presented of the rich cluster
MS1054-03 at redshift z=0.83. 34 radio sources are detected down to a 32
micro-Jy (6 sigma), compared to about 25 expected from previous blank field
radio source count determinations; the sources giving rise to these excess
counts lie within 2 arcmins (700 kpc) of the cluster centre. Existing imaging
and spectroscopy has provided optical identifications for 21 of the radio
sources and redshifts for 11, of which 8 are confirmed cluster members. 4 of
these 8 confirmed cluster sources are associated with close galaxy pairs (10-25
kpc projected offset) of similar magnitude, implying that the radio source may
be triggered by an interaction. However, although MS1054-03 has a very high
fraction (17%) of on-going mergers (separations <~ 10 kpc), no radio emission
is detected towards any of these merger events, setting a mean upper limit of
10 Msun/yr for any star formation associated with these mergers. This supports
a hypothesis that low luminosity radio sources may be onset by initial weak
interactions rather than direct mergers. The host galaxies of the other four
confirmed cluster radio sources are all isolated, and show a range of
morphologies from early-type to Sc. A comparison between the emission line and
radio luminosities suggests that two of these four radio sources are
low-luminosity AGN, whilst for at least one of the other two the radio emission
is associated with on-going star formation. All of the radio sources associated
with the galaxy pairs appear more likely AGN than starburst origin. The overall
proportion of radio sources associated with AGN in this cluster (>75%) is
higher than at these flux density levels in the field (40-50%).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75993 </DOCNO>
Quintessence from M-Theory


  The status of exponential scalar potentials in supergravity is reviewed, and
updated. One version of N=8 D=4 supergravity with a positive exponential
potential, obtainable from a `non-compactification' of M-theory, is shown to
have an accelerating cosmological solution that realizes `eternal
quintessence'. Some implications for a de Sitter version of the domain wall/QFT
correspondence are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149765 </DOCNO>
Investigating Brane Resolution With Perturbative Dynamics


  We investigate the transition between singular and non-singular geometries
from the vantage point of perturbative field dynamics. In particular, we obtain
the closed-form absorption probability for minimally-coupled massless scalars
propagating in the background of a heterotic 5-brane on a Taub-NUT instanton.
This is an exact calculation for arbitrary incident frequencies. For the
singular geometry, the absorption probability vanishes when the frequency is
below a certain threshold, and for the non-singular case it vanishes for all
frequencies. We discuss the connection between this phenomenon and the behavior
of geodesics in this background. We also obtain exact quasinormal modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174836 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal Flow of Protons from 2-8 AGeV Central Au+Au Collisions


  Rapidity distributions of protons from central $^{197}$Au + $^{197}$Au
collisions measured by the E895 Collaboration in the energy range from 2 to 8
AGeV at the Brookhaven AGS are presented. Longitudinal flow parameters derived
using a thermal model including collective longitudinal expansion are extracted
from these distributions. The results show an approximately linear increase in
the longitudinal flow velocity, $<\beta\gamma>_{L}$, as a function of the
logarithm of beam energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76709 </DOCNO>
B -> J/psi K^* Decays in QCD Factorization


  The hadronic decay B -> J K^* is analyzed within the framework of QCD
factorization. The spin amplitudes A_0, A_\parallel and A_\perp in the
transversity basis and their relative phases are studied using various
different form-factor models for B-K^* transition. The effective parameters
a_2^h for helicity h=0,+,- states receive different nonfactorizable
contributions and hence they are helicity dependent, contrary to naive
factorization where a_2^h are universal and polarization independent. QCD
factorization breaks down even at the twist-2 level for transverse hard
spectator interactions. Although a nontrivial strong phase for the A_\parallel
amplitude can be achieved by adjusting the phase of an infrared divergent
contribution, the present QCD factorization calculation cannot say anything
definite about the phase phi_\parallel. Unlike B -> J/psi K decays, the
longitudinal parameter a_2^0 for B -> J/psi K^* does not receive twist-3
corrections and is not large enough to account for the observed branching ratio
and the fraction of longitudinal polarization. Possible enhancement mechanisms
for a_2^0 are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96697 </DOCNO>
On the birational geometry of varieties of maximal Albanese dimension


  We study the birational geometry of varieties of maximal Albanese dimension.
In particular we discuss criteria for a generically finite morphism of
varieties of maximal Albanese dimension to be birational; we give a new
characterization of Theta divisors; we study the Albanese map and refine some
of the results of Koll\'ar; finally we use these results to birationally
classify varieties with $P_3(X)=2$ and $q(X)=dim (X)$. Our method combines the
generic vanishing theorems of Green and Lazarsfeld, the theory of Fourier Mukai
transforms and the results of Koll\`ar on higher direct images of dualizing
sheaves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124554 </DOCNO>
On the second overtone stability among SMC Cepheids


  We present a new set of Cepheid, full amplitude, nonlinear, convective models
which are pulsationally unstable in the second overtone (SO). Hydrodynamical
models were constructed by adopting a chemical composition typical for Cepheids
in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and stellar masses ranging from 3.25 to 4
solar masses. Predicted phi{21} Fourier parameters agree, within current
uncertainties, with empirical data for pure first and second overtone variables
as well as for first/second overtone (FO/SO) double-mode Cepheids collected by
Udalski et al. (1999a,b) in the SMC. On the other hand, predicted I band
amplitudes are systematically larger than the observed ones in the short period
range. We also find, in agreement with empirical evidence, that the region
within which both second and first overtones attain a stable limit cycle widens
when moving toward lower luminosities. Moreover, predicted P{SO}/P{FO} and
P{FO}/P{F} period ratios agree quite well with empirical period ratios for
FO/SO and F/FO double-mode SMC Cepheids. Finnaly, current models support the
evidence that pure SO Cepheids and SO components in FO/SO Cepheids are good
distance indicators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124178 </DOCNO>
Variable line profiles due to non-axisymmetric patterns in an accretion


  We have explored spectral line profiles due to spiral patterns in accretion
discs around black holes. A parametrization was employed for the shape and
emissivity of spiral waves, which can be produced by non-axisymmetric
perturbations affecting the disc density and ionization structure. The effects
of the light-travel time, energy shift, and gravitational focusing near to a
rotating black hole were taken into account. A high-resolution ray-tracing code
was used to follow the time variations of the synthetic line profile. A variety
of expected spectral features were examined and the scheme applied to a broad
iron line observed in MCG-6-30-15.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98995 </DOCNO>
Modified Riccati equation from fractional calculus


  We present a particular fractional generalization of the ordinary
differential equations. As a special application we consider the Riccati
equation of constant coefficients which is transformed through the fractional
generalization to a modified Riccati equation with the free term expressed as a
power of the independent variable. We provide the solutions of the modified
equation and apply the results to the cosmological Riccati equation for FRW
barotropic cosmologies in this perspective

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126359 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Parameter Determination from Counts of Galaxies


  We study constraints that anticipated DEEP survey galaxy counts versus
redshift data will place on cosmological model parameters in models with and
without a constant or time-variable cosmological constant $\Lambda$. This data
will result in fairly tight constraints on these parameters. For example, if
all other parameters of a spatially-flat model with a constant $\Lambda$ are
known, the galaxy counts data should constrain the nonrelativistic matter
density parameter $\Omega_0$ to about 5% (10%, 1.5%) at 1 $\sigma$ with neutral
(worst case, best case) assumptions about data quality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1782 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensates in traps of time-dependent topology


  Superfluid phenomena can be explained in terms of the topologies of the order
parameter and of the confining vessel. For example, currents in a toroidal
vessel can be characterized by a discrete and conserved quantity, the winding
number. In trapped Bose-Einstein condensates, the topology of the trap can be
characterized by the topology of the Thomas-Fermi surface of its N-particle
ground state. This can be altered during an experiment, so that a toroidal trap
may deform into a more spherical shape, allowing an initially persistent
current to decay into singly-quantized vortices. We investigate such a
procedure numerically, and confirm that the Thomas-Fermi prescription for the
trap topology gives an accurate picture of vortex formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98167 </DOCNO>
On Noncommutative and semi-Riemannian Geometry


  We introduce the notion of a semi-Riemannian spectral triple which
generalizes the notion of spectral triple and allows for a treatment of
semi-Riemannian manifolds within a noncommutative setting. It turns out that
the relevant spaces in noncommutative semi-Riemannian geometry are not Hilbert
spaces any more but Krein spaces, and Dirac operators are Krein-selfadjoint. We
show that the noncommutative tori can be endowed with a semi-Riemannian
structure in this way. For the noncommutative tori as well as for
semi-Riemannian spin manifolds the dimension, the signature of the metric, and
the integral of a function can be recovered from the spectral data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149076 </DOCNO>
Massive vector trapping as a gauge boson on a brane


  We propose a mechanism to trap massive vector fields as a photon on the
Randall-Sundrum brane embedded in the five dimensional AdS space. This
localization-mechanism of the photon is realized by considering a brane action,
to which a quadratic potential of the bulk-vector fields is added. We also
point out that this potential gives several constraints on the fluctuations of
the vector fields in the bulk space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96546 </DOCNO>
On a Generalisation of Obreshkoff-Ehrlich Method for Simultaneous


  New modifications of the methods for simultaneous extraction of all roots of
polynomials over an arbitrary Chebyshev system are elaborated. A cubic
convergence of iterations is proved. The method presented is a generalisation
of the classical methods of Obreshkoff and Ehrlich for simultaneous seeking of
all roots of algebraic equations. Numerical examples are provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125620 </DOCNO>
The physics of kHz QPOs---strong gravity's coupled anharmonic


  We explain the origin of the puzzling high frequency peaks (QPOs) in the
variability power spectra of accreting neutron stars and black holes as a
non-linear 1:2 or 1:3 resonance between orbital and radial epicyclic motion.
These resonances are present because the gravitational field deviates strongly
from a Newtonian 1/r potential. Our theory agrees with the recently reported
observations of two QPOs, at 300 Hz and 450 Hz, in the black hole candidate GRO
J1655-40.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128119 </DOCNO>
The extent of NGC 6822 revealed by its C stars population


  Using the CFH12K camera, we apply the four band photometric technique to
identify 904 carbon stars in an area 28' x 42' centered on NGC 6822. A few C
stars, outside of this area were also discovered with the Las Campanas Swope
Telescope. The NGC 6822 C star population has an average I of 19.26 mag leading
to an average absolute I magnitude of
 -4.70 mag, a value essentially identical to the mean magnitude obtained for
the C stars in IC 1613. Contrary to stars highlighting the optical image of NGC
6822, C stars are seen at large radial distances and trace a huge slightly
elliptical halo which do not coincide with the huge HI cloud surrounding
NGC6822. The previously unknown stellar component of NGC 6822 has a exponential
scale length of 3.0' +/- 0.1' and can be traced to five scale lengths. The C/M
ratio of NGC 6822 is evaluated to br 1.0 +/- 0.2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96128 </DOCNO>
Continuous regularized Gauss-Newton-type algorithm for nonlinear


  A new continuous regularized Gauss-Newton-type method with simultaneous
updates of the operator $(F^{\pr*}(x(t))F'(x(t))+\ep(t) I)^{-1}$ for solving
nonlinear ill-posed equations in a Hilbert space is proposed. A convergence
theorem is proved. An attractive and novel feature of the proposed method is
the absence of the assumptions about the location of the spectrum of the
operator $F'(x)$. The absence of such assumptions is made possible by a
source-type condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1222 </DOCNO>
Bond operator mean field theory of the half filled Kondo lattice model


  We present a bond-operator mean field theory for the Kondo lattice model at
half filling in two (2D) and three (3D) dimensions. A continuous quantum phase
transition from an antiferromagnetic to a spin-gapped singlet ground state is
found at J/t=1.505 (1.833) in 2D (3D). Additionally we evaluate the
quasiparticle dispersions as well as the staggered magnetic moment and provide
a comparison with complementary numerical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5173 </DOCNO>
The Local Minority Game


  Ecologists and economists try to explain collective behavior in terms of
competitive systems of selfish individuals with the ability to learn from the
past. Statistical physicists have been investigating models which might
contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these systems.
During the last three years one intuitive model, commonly referred to as the
Minority Game, has attracted broad attention. Powerful yet simple, the minority
game has produced encouraging results which can explain the temporal behaviour
of competitive systems. Here we switch the interest to phenomena due to a
distribution of the individuals in space. For analyzing these effects we modify
the Minority Game and the Local Minority Game is introduced. We study the
system both numerically and analytically, using the customary techniques
already developped for the ordinary Minority Game.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98367 </DOCNO>
Some new formulas for $\pi$


  We show how to find series expansions for $\pi$ of the form
$\pi=\sum_{n=0}^\infty {S(n)}\big/{\binom{mn}{pn}a^n}$, where S(n) is some
polynomial in $n$ (depending on $m,p,a$). We prove that there exist such
expansions for $m=8k$, $p=4k$, $a=(-4)^k$, for any $k$, and give explicit
examples for such expansions for small values of $m$, $p$ and $a$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73591 </DOCNO>
Statistical Analysis of Solar Neutrino Data


  We estimate with Monte Carlo the goodness of fit and the confidence level of
the standard allowed regions for the neutrino oscillation parameters obtained
from the fit of solar neutrino data. We calculate allowed regions with correct
frequentist coverage using the Crow-Gardner prescription of smallest acceptance
intervals. We present also the results of a calculation of Bayesian allowed
regions with a flat prior in the log(tan^2 theta)-log(Delta m^2) plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124550 </DOCNO>
Chandra observtaion of A2256 - a cluster at the early stage of merging


  We present here \chandra observations of the rich cluster of galaxies A2256.
In addition to the known cool subcluster, a new structure was resolved 2$'$
east of the peak of the main cluster. Its position is roughtly at the center of
a low-brightness radio halo. Spectral analysis shows that the "shoulder" has
high iron abundance ($\sim$ 1). We suggest that this structure is either
another merging component or an internal structure of the main cluster. The
X-ray redshifts of several regions were measured. The results agree with the
optical ones and suggest that the main cluster, the subcluster and the
"shoulder" are physically associated and interacting. The subcluster has low
temperature ($\sim$ 4.5 keV) and high iron abundance ($\sim$ 0.6) in the
central 150 kpc. The \chandra image shows a relatively sharp brightness
gradient at the south of the subcluster peak running south-south-east (SSE). A
temperature jump was found across the edge, with higher temperature ahead of
the edge in the low density region. This phenomenon is qualitatively similar to
the "cold fronts" found in A2142 and A3667. If the "shoulder" is ignored, the
temperature map resembles those simulations at the early stage of merging while
the subcluster approached the main cluster from somewhere west. This fact and
the observed edge, in combination with the clear iron abundance contrast
between the center of the subcluster ($\sim$ 0.6) and the main cluster ($\sim$
0.2), all imply that the ongoing merger is still at the early stage. At least
three member galaxies, including a radio head-tail galaxy, were found to have
corresponding X-ray emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75158 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Anti-proton to Negative Pion Ratio as Revealed by Jet


  We study the apparent discrepancy between the standard PQCD predictions for
the meson and baryon ratios and multiplicities at moderate high $p_{T} > 2$ GeV
and recent experimental measurements in $Au+Au$ collisions at
$\sqrt{s}_{NN}=130$ GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We show
that the differences, most pronounced in central collisions, can be explained
by a strong non-perturbative baryon Junction component, which dominates the
currently accessible experimental $p_{T}$ window and the non-abelian energy
loss of fast partons propagating through hot and dense medium. The recently
introduced two component hybrid model, which combines a quenched jet PQCD
calculation in the Gyulassy-Levai-Vitev (GLV) formalism and a phenomenological
"soft" part, is further elaborated to take into account the full 3D expansion
in the pre-hadronization phase and include particle flavor dependent "soft"
inverse slopes as suggested by the baryon Junction picture. We show that such
approach can resolve what seems to be a factor of $\simeq 2$ difference in the
moderate high $p_{T}$ suppression of $\pi^0$ and $h^-$ as recently reported by
the PHENIX collaboration. The observed quenching of the high $p_{T}$ particle
spectra and the large $\bar{p}/\pi^-$ and $p/\pi^+$ ratios as a function of
$p_{T}$ are found to be consistent with a creation of a deconfined phase and
non-abelian energy loss of fast partons in a plasma of initial gluon rapidity
density $dN^g/dy \sim 1000$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127340 </DOCNO>
Relaxation times calculated from angular deflections


  In this paper we measure the two-body relaxation time from the angular
deflection of test particles launched in a rigid configuration of field
particles. We find that centrally concentrated configurations have relaxation
times that can be shorter than those of the corresponding homogeneous
distributions by an order of magnitude or more. For homogeneous distributions
we confirm that the relaxation time is proportional to the number of particles.
On the other hand centrally concentrated configurations have a much shallower
dependence, particularly for small values of the softening. The relaxation time
increases with the inter-particle velocities and with softening. The latter
dependence is not very strong, of the order of a factor of two when the
softening is increased by an order of magnitude. Finally we show that
relaxation times are the same on GRAPE-3 and GRAPE-4, dedicated computer boards
with limited and high precision respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97018 </DOCNO>
Critical functions on Riemannian Manifold wich is locally Euclidean


  We study the existence of extremal functions on compact Riemannian manifold
wich is locally Euclidean .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83600 </DOCNO>
The Existential Theory of Equations with Rational Constraints in Free


  It is known that the existential theory of equations in free groups is
decidable. This is a famous result of Makanin. On the other hand it has been
shown that the scheme of his algorithm is not primitive recursive. In this
paper we present an algorithm that works in polynomial space, even in the more
general setting where each variable has a rational constraint, that is, the
solution has to respect a specification given by a regular word language. Our
main result states that the existential theory of equations in free groups with
rational constraints is PSPACE-complete. We obtain this result as a corollary
of the corresponding statement about free monoids with involution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98753 </DOCNO>
Tangencial base points on algebraic stacks


  The notion of tangencial base point is well-known for schemes in
characteristic zero. We show that the definition in terms of Puiseux series
generalizes to the case of Deligne--Mumford stacks, over a field of arbitrary
characteristic. We then apply this construction to moduli spaces of smooth
curves, generalizing a result of Ihara-Nakamura.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126904 </DOCNO>
Study of the photon flux from the night sky at La Palma and Namibia, in


  The level of the night sky background light at La Palma and Namibia was
determined, with emphasis on the wavelength region and solid angle coverage
relevant for the operation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The
dependence of the night sky background light both on celestial coordinates
(alt, az) and on galactic coordinates (b, l) was measured, with an angular
resolution of about 1 degr. Average light levels near the zenith are similar in
both locations -- 2.2 x 10^12 to 2.6 x 10^12 photons per sr s m^2 for 300 nm <
lambda < 650 nm. With increasing zenith angle the level of background light
increases at La Palma, whereas a constant level is measured in Namibia. Near
the center of the Milky Way, background light levels are increased by a factor
up to 4 and more. Also the level of light backscattered from the ground has
been studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3119 </DOCNO>
Electrophoresis of a charge inverted macroion complex: Molecular


  Charge inversion phenomenon of a macroion in a solvent with multivalent salt
is studied, applying a constant electric field by molecular dynamics
simulations. Interactions of the macroion with surrounding ionic and neutral
environment are treated with the explicit use of ions and neutral particles. In
a weak electric field, a complex of the macroion drifts with condensed
counterions and coions along the electric field, in the direction proving
inversion of the charge sign for large Bjerrum length and multivalent
counterions. The reversed macroion mobility is insensitive to the applied
field, and increases with salt ionic strength. The reversed mobility is
maximized at intermediate counterion valence. A very large electric field,
comparable to the macroion unscreened field, disrupts charge inversion by
stripping the counterions off the macroion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3922 </DOCNO>
Augmented space recursion for partially disordered systems


  Off-stoichiometric alloys exhibit partial disorder, in the sense that only
some of the sublattices of the stoichiometric ordered alloy become disordered.
This paper puts forward a generalization of the augmented space recursion (ASR)
(introduced earlier by one of us (Mookerjee et al 1997(*))) for systems with
many atoms per unit cell. In order to justify the convergence properties of ASR
we have studied the convergence of various moments of local density of states
and other physical quantities like Fermi energy and band energy. We have also
looked at the convergence of the magnetic moment of Ni, which is very sensitive
to numerical approximations towards the k-space value 0.6 $\mu_{B}$ with the
number of recursion steps prior to termination.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169081 </DOCNO>
Conditions for the local manipulation of Gaussian states


  We present a general necessary and sufficient criterion for the possibility
of a state transformation from one mixed Gaussian state to another of a
bi-partite continuous-variable system with two modes. The class of operations
that will be considered is the set of local Gaussian completely positive
trace-preserving maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114348 </DOCNO>
The Advanced Photon Source Injector Test Stand Control System


  The Advanced Photon Source (APS) primary and backup injectors consist of two
thermionic-cathode rf guns. These guns are being upgraded to provide improved
performance, to improve ease of maintenance, and to reduce downtime required
for repair or replacement of a failed injector. As part of the process, an
injector test stand is being prepared. This stand is effectively independent of
the APS linac and will allow for complete characterization and validation of an
injector prior to its installation into the APS linac.
 A modular control system for the test stand has been developed using standard
APS control solutions with EPICS to deliver a flexible and comprehensive
control system. The modularity of the system will allow both future expansion
of test stand functionality and evaluation of new control techniques and
solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81456 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of lattice index theorem usingimproved cooling and


  We investigate topological charge and the index theorem on finite lattices
numerically. Using mean field improved gauge field configurations we calculate
the topological charge Q using the gluon field definition with ${\cal
O}(a^4)$-improved cooling and an ${\cal O}(a^4)$-improved field strength tensor
$F_{\mu\nu}$. We also calculate the index of the massless overlap fermion
operator by directly measuring the differences of the numbers of zero modes
with left- and right--handed chiralities. For sufficiently smooth field
configurations we find that the gluon field definition of the topological
charge is integer to better than 1% and furthermore that this agrees with the
index of the overlap Dirac operator, i.e., the Atiyah-Singer index theorem is
satisfied. This establishes a benchmark for reliability when calculating
lattice quantities which are very sensitive to topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96814 </DOCNO>
Global calibrations for the non-homogeneous Mumford-Shah functional


  Using a calibration method we prove that, if $\Gamma\subset \Omega$ is a
closed regular hypersurface and if the function $g$ is discontinuous along
$\Gamma$ and regular outside, then the function $u_{\beta}$ which solves $$
\begin{cases} \Delta u_{\beta}=\beta(u_{\beta}-g)& \text{in
$\Omega\setminus\Gamma$} \partial_{\nu} u_{\beta}=0 & \text{on
$\partial\Omega\cup\Gamma$} \end{cases} $$ is in turn discontinuous along
$\Gamma$ and it is the unique absolute minimizer of the non-homogeneous
Mumford-Shah functional $$ \int_{\Omega\setminus S_u}|\nabla u|^2 dx +{\cal
H}^{n-1}(S_u)+\beta\int_{\Omega\setminus S_u}(u-g)^2 dx, $$ over $SBV(\Omega)$,
for $\beta$ large enough. Applications of the result to the study of the
gradient flow by the method of minimizing movements are shown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4038 </DOCNO>
Observation of Andreev reflection in the c-axis transport of


  We observed an enhancement of the $c$-axis differential conductance around
the zero-bias in Au$/$Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+x}$ (Bi2212) junctions near the
superconducting transition temperature $T_c$. We attribute the conductance
enhancement to the Andreev reflection between the surface Cu-O bilayer with
suppressed superconductivity and the neighboring superconducting inner bilayer.
The continuous evolution from depression to an enhancement of the zero-bias
differential conductance, as the temperature approaches $T_c$ from below,
points to weakening of the barrier strength of the non-superconducting layer
between adjacent Cu-O bilayers. We observed that the conductance enhancement
persisted up to a few degrees above $T_c$ in junctions prepared on slightly
overdoped Bi2212 crystals. However, no conductance enhancement was observed
above $T_c$ in underdoped crystals, although recently proposed theoretical
consideration suggests an even wider temperature range of enhanced zero-bias
conductance. This seems to provide negative perspective to the existence of the
phase-incoherent preformed pairs in the pseudogap state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126074 </DOCNO>
Chandra finds X-ray jets are common in low-power radio galaxies


  We present results for the first three low-power radio galaxies from the B2
bright sample to have been observed with Chandra. Two have kpc-scale radio
jets, and in both Chandra resolves jet X-ray emission, and detects soft X-ray
core emission and an X-ray emitting galaxy-scale atmosphere of luminosity a few
10^41 ergs s^-1. These are the first detections of X-ray jets in low-power
radio galaxies more distant than Cen A and M 87. The cooling time of the
galaxy-scale gas implies mass infall rates of order one solar mass per year.
The gas pressure near the jets is comparable to the minimum pressure in the
jets, implying that the X-ray emitting gas may play an important role in jet
dynamics. The third B2 radio galaxy has no kpc-scale radio jet, and here only
soft X-ray emission from the core is detected. The ratio of X-ray to radio flux
is similar for the jets and cores, and the results favour a synchrotron origin
for the emission. kpc-scale radio jets are detected in the X-ray in ~7 ks
exposures with Chandra more readily than in the optical via HST snapshot
surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129349 </DOCNO>
The Density and Location of the X-ray Absorbing Gas in NGC 3516


  A new Chandra observation and archival observations by ASCA are used to
investigate spectral variations in the Sy1 galaxy NGC 3516 over a period of 7
years. A large change in flux (factor ~50 at 1keV) is observed between an ASCA
observation in '94 and the Chandra observation in 2000, with the source close
to the all-time maximum and minimum X-ray flux states, respectively. We find
the variations in the observed flux and spectra at these epochs to be
consistent with a constant column density of line-of-sight material reacting to
changes in the ionizing continuum. The data from the two epochs are consistent
with a simple decrease (by a factor 8-10) in the luminosity of a constant
0.5-50 keV slope source and a line-of-sight absorber with an equivalent
hydrogen column density of 10^21.9 cm^-2. Intermediate luminosities, sampled
during other ASCA observations, are all fitted by the same model with a very
small change in spectral index (well below \Delta\Gamma=0.2). In addition,
analysis of the long (360 ks) ASCA observation in 1998 shows clear "color"
variations that are entirely consistent with this model and are interpreted as
due to changes in the opacity of the absorbing gas. The data allow us to put a
conservative upper limit of 60 ks on the recombination time which translates to
a lower limit of about 2.4 times 10^6 cm^-3 on the density of the recombining
gas and an upper limit of about 6 times 10^17 h_{75}^-2 cm on its distance from
the central source. These are the best limits obtained so far on the density
and location of the X-ray absorbing gas in a type-1 AGN. They indicate that the
absorbing gas is different, in terms of its density and location, from the
ionized gas commonly observed in type-II AGN. [Abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7016 </DOCNO>
Flat (001) surfaces of II-VI semiconductors: A lattice gas model


  We present a two-dimensional lattice gas with anisotropic interactions which
model the known properties of the surface reconstructions of CdTe and ZnSe. In
constrast to an earlier publication [12], the formation of anion dimers is
considered. This alters the behaviour of the model considerably. We determine
the phase diagram of this model by means of transfer matrix calculations and
Monte Carlo simulations. We find qualitative agreement with the results of
various experimental investigations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75367 </DOCNO>
Lightest-Neutralino Decays in $R_p$-violating Models with Dominant


  Decays of the lightest neutralino are studied in $R_p$-violating models with
operators $\lambda^\prime L Q D^c$ and $\lambda L L E^c$ involving
third-generation matter fields and with couplings $\lambda^\prime$ and
$\lambda$ of ${\cal O}(1)$. Generalizations to decays of the lightest
neutralino obtained through other, subdominant, couplings $\lambda^\prime$ and
$\lambda$ are straightforward. Decays with the top-quark among the particles
produced are considered, in addition to those with an almost massless final
state. Phenomenological analyses for representative examples of both classes
are presented. No specific assumption on the composition of the lightest
neutralino is made, and the formulae listed here can be easily generalized to
study decays of heavier neutralinos. As recently pointed out, for a sizable
coupling $\lambda^\prime_{333}$, tau-sleptons may be copiously produced at the
LHC as single supersymmetric particles, in association with top- and
bottom-quark pairs. This analysis of neutralino decays is, therefore, a first
step towards a reconstruction of the complete final state produced in this
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76044 </DOCNO>
Open Heavy Flavor Production in QCD -- Conceptual Framework and


  Heavy flavor production is an important QCD process both in its own right and
as a key component of precision global QCD analysis. Apparent disagreements
between fixed-flavor scheme calculations of b-production rate with experimental
measurements in hadro-, lepto-, and photo-production provide new impetus to a
thorough examination of the theory and phenomenology of this process. We review
existing methods of calculation, and place them in the context of the general
PQCD framework of Collins. A distinction is drawn between scheme dependence and
implementation issues related to quark mass effects near threshold. We point
out a so far overlooked kinematic constraint on the threshold behavior, which
greatly simplifies the variable flavor number scheme. It obviates the need for
the elaborate existing prescriptions, and leads to robust predictions. It can
facilitate the study of current issues on heavy flavor production as well as
precision global QCD analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40928 </DOCNO>
Search for sleptons in e+e- collisions at sqrt(s) = 183 to 189 GeV


  Data taken by the DELPHI experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 183 GeV and
189 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 212 pb^{-1} have been used to
search for the supersymmetric partners of the electrons, muons, and taus in the
context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). The decay
topologies searched for were the direct decay ({\tilde \ell} -> \ell {\tilde
\chi_1^0}), producing acoplanar lepton pairs plus missing energy, and the
cascade decay ({\tilde \ell} -> \ell {\tilde \chi_2^0} -> \ell \gamma {\tilde
\chi_1^0}), producing acoplanar lepton and photon pairs plus missing energy.
The observed number of events is in agreement with Standard Model predictions.
The 95% CL excluded mass limits for selectrons, smuons and staus are m_{\tilde
{e}} \leq 87 GeV/c^2, m_{\tilde {\mu}} \leq 80 GeV/c^2 and m_{\tilde {\tau}}
\leq 75 GeV/c^2, respectively, for values of \mu=-200 GeV/c^2 and
tan(beta)=1.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114021 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Internal Topological Constraints on Neutrino Mixtures


  Assuming that the e- and (mu- or tau-type) neutrinos start and end "life" as
topologically distinct quantum objects, and assuming that topology maintenance
is preferred over topology change, both the matrix describing long-distance
neutrino mixtures, and certain neutrino mixing parameters are derived (assuming
that CP-violation is not maximal). Predictions are consistent with both the
Super-Kamiokande-, and SNO-collaboration data on neutrino mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179482 </DOCNO>
Randomly interacting bosons, mean-fields and L=0 ground states


  Random interactions are used to investigate to what extent the low-lying
behavior of even-even nuclei depend on particular nucleon-nucleon interactions.
The surprising results that were obtained for the interacting boson model, i.e.
the dominance of ground states with L=0 and the occurrence of both vibrational
and rotational structure, are interpreted and explained in terms of a
mean-field analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1911 </DOCNO>
Evidence for high inter-granular current flow in single-phase


  The distribution of magnetic field in single-phase polycrystalline bulk MgB2
has been measured using a Magneto-Optical (MO) technique for an external
magnetic field applied perpendicular to the sample surface. The MO studies
indicate that an inter-granular current network is readily established in this
material and the current is not limited by weak-linked grain boundaries. The
grain boundaries are observed to resist preferential magnetic field
penetration, with the inter-grain mechanism dominating the current flow in the
sample at temperatures up to 30K. The results provide clear evidence that the
intra-granular current flow is isotropic. A critical current density of ~10^4
Acm-2 was estimated at 30K in a field of 150mT from the MO measurements. These
results provide further evidence of the considerable potential for MgB2 for
engineering applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148641 </DOCNO>
Brane Supersymmetry Breaking and the Cosmological Constant: Open


  It has recently been argued that non--BPS brane world scenarios can reproduce
the small value of the cosmological constant that seems to have been measured.
Objections against this proposal are discussed and necessary (but not
sufficient) conditions are stated under which it may work. At least n=2 extra
dimensions are needed. Also, the mass matrix in the supergravity sector must
satisfy $Str M^2=0$. Moreover, the proposal can be ruled out experimentally if
Newton's constant remains unchanged down to scales of 10 micrometers. If, on
the other hand, such a ``running Newton constant'' is observed, it could
provide crucial experimental input for superstring phenomenology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87153 </DOCNO>
Path integral measure in Regge calculus from the functional Fourier


  The problem of fixing measure in the path integral for the Regge-discretised
gravity is considered from the viewpoint of it's "best approximation" to the
already known formal continuum general relativity (GR) measure. A rigorous
formulation may consist in comparing functional Fourier transforms of the
measures, i.e. characteristic or generating functionals, and requiring these to
coincide on some dense set in the functional space. The possibility for such
set to exist is due to the Regge manifold being a particular case of general
Riemannian one (Regge calculus is a minisuperspace theory). The two versions of
the measure are obtained depending on what metric tensor, covariant or
contravariant one, is taken as fundamental field variable. The closed
expressions for the measure are obtained in the two simple cases of Regge
manifold. These turn out to be quite reasonable one of them indicating that
appropriately defined continuum limit of the Regge measure would reproduce the
original continuum GR measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96222 </DOCNO>
On Ext in the Category of Functors to Preabelian Category


  The work is devoted to the extension groups in the category of functors from
a small category to an additive category with an Abelian structure in the sense
of Heller. It is constructed a spectral sequence which converges to the
extension group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85893 </DOCNO>
Angular Noise in Gravitational Wave Detectors


  Angular fluctuations of suspended mirrors in gravitational wave
interferometers are a source of noise both for the locking and the operation of
the detectors. We describe here some of the sources of these fluctuations and
methods for the estimation of their order of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124227 </DOCNO>
Seismic detection of stellar tachoclines


  Helioseismic inversions for the rotation rate have established the presence
of a tachocline near the base of the solar convection zone. We show that the
tachocline produces a characteristic oscillatory signature in the splitting
coefficients of low degree modes, which could be observed on distant stars.
Using this signature it may be possible to determine the characteristics of the
tachocline using only low degree modes. The limitations of this technique in
terms of observational uncertainties are discussed, to assess the possibility
of detecting tachoclines on distant stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75427 </DOCNO>
Frame Dependence of Spin-One Angular Conditions in Light Front Dynamics


  We elaborate the frame dependence of the angular conditions for spin-1 form
factors. An extra angular condition is found in addition to the usual angular
condition relating the four helicity amplitudes. Investigating the
frame-dependence of the angular conditions, we find that the extra angular
condition is in general as complicated as the usual one, although it becomes
very simple in the $q^+ = 0$ frame involving only two helicity amplitudes. It
is confirmed that the angular conditions are identical in frames that are
connected by kinematical transformations. The high $Q^2$ behaviors of the
physical form factors and the limiting behaviors in special reference frames
are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168779 </DOCNO>
Multipartite bound entangled states that violate Bell's inequality


  We study the relation between distillability of multipartite states and
violation of Bell's inequality. We prove that there exist multipartite bound
entangled states (i.e. non-separable, non-distillable states) that violate a
multipartite Bell inequality. This implies that (i) violation of Bell's
inequality is not a sufficient condition for distillability and (ii) some bound
entangled states cannot be described by a local hidden variable model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126780 </DOCNO>
A Second Intense Burst with Photospheric Radius Expansion from X2127+119


  In 2000 September we observed a bright X-ray burst from X2127+119 with the
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. This burst has a multi-peaked profile, a peak
luminosity of ~6.5x10^{38} erg s^{-1}, a total integrated energy of ~2x10^{40}
ergs, and significant photospheric radius expansion to a maximum extent of
R=118+-5 km. From the luminosity-temperature relation during the expansion
phase we derive estimates for the gravitational redshift at the neutron star
surface, the corrected Eddington luminosity, and the neutron star mass. We
detect no slow (~30s) radial oscillations or fast (100-1200 Hz) coherent
oscillations or QPO during the burst.
  The 2000 September event is only the second burst ever observed from this
globular cluster binary (in M15 = NGC 7078), and it shares many characteristics
with the event detected by Ginga in 1988 October (Dotani et al. 1990; van
Paradijs et al. 1990), the key difference probably being the total amount of
material consumed in the thermonuclear flash.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6496 </DOCNO>
The Lennard-Jones-Devonshire cell model revisited


  We reanalyse the cell theory of Lennard-Jones and Devonshire and find that in
addition to the critical point originally reported for the 12-6 potential (and
widely quoted in standard textbooks), the model exhibits a further critical
point. We show that the latter is actually a more appropriate candidate for
liquid-gas criticality than the original critical point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169191 </DOCNO>
How macroscopic properties dictate microscopic probabilities


  We argue that the quantum probability law follows, in the large N limit, from
the compatibility of quantum mechanics with classical-like properties of
macroscopic objects. For a finite sample, we find that likely and unlikely
measurement outcomes are associated with distinct interference effects in a
sample weakly coupled to an environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85843 </DOCNO>
On the Covariance of the Mixmaster Chaoticity


  We analyze the dynamics of the Mixmaster Universe on the base of a standard
Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian approach showing how its asymptotic evolution
to the cosmological singularity is isomorphic to a billiard on the Lobachevsky
plane. The key result of our study consists in the temporary gauge invariance
of the billiard representation, once provided the use of very general
Misner-Chitre'-like variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7592 </DOCNO>
Heavy-Electron Behavior and Structural Change in Ca1.7Sr0.3RuO4


  Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ is an unconventional superconductor with a tetragonal
structure, whereas Ca$_2$RuO$_4$ is a Mott insulator with orthorhombic
symmetry. The substituted Ca$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$RuO$_4$ has yielded a rich phase
diagram that is just beginning to be explored in detail. Experimental
investigation of the resistivity $\rho$, susceptibility $\chi$, specific heat
C$_p$, Hall coefficient R$_H$, and X-ray diffraction of
Ca$_{1.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$RuO$_4$ reveals a structural phase transition near T$_0$ =
190 K and heavy-Fermion (HF) behavior below a coherence temperature T$^*$
$\sim$ 10 K, resembling that of the $\it{f}$-electron HF compound UPt$_3$. The
observation of T$^2$-dependence of $\rho$ below $\sim$ 0.5 K suggests a
Fermi-liquid ground state. Based upon our data and theoretical calculations, we
argue that the structural change at T$_0$ may be responsible for the formation
of the HF state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125323 </DOCNO>
The Influence of Quintessence on the Separation of CMB Peaks


  A hypothetical dark energy component may have an equation of state that is
different from a cosmological constant and possibly even changing in time. The
spacing of the cosmic microwave background peaks is sensitive to the ratio of
the horizon sizes today and at last scattering and therefore to the details of
the cosmological evolution. Together with independent measurements of today's
cosmological parameters, this restricts quintessence models in the epoch before
and during decoupling. For fixed \Omega^b_0, \Omega^{cdm}_0 and h, we give an
analytic estimate of the spacing that depends on \Omega^{\phi}_{ls},
\Omega^{\phi}_0 and an effective equation of state of the dark energy
component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168300 </DOCNO>
Entanglement Induced Phase Transitions


  Starting from the canonical ensemble over the space of pure quantum states,
we obtain an integral representation for the partition function. This is used
to calculate the magnetisation of a system of N spin-1/2 particles. The results
suggest the existence of a new type of first order phase transition that occurs
at zero temperature in the absence of spin-spin interactions. The transition
arises as a consequence of quantum entanglement. The effects of internal
interactions are analysed and the behaviour of the magnetic susceptibility for
a small number of interacting spins is determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125497 </DOCNO>
Dust and Nebular Emission in Star Forming Galaxies


  Star forming galaxies exhibit a variety of physical conditions, from
quiescent normal spirals to the most powerful dusty starbursts. In order to
study these complex systems, we need a suitable tool to analyze the information
coming from observations at all wavelengths. We present a new
spectro-photometric model which considers in a consistent way starlight as
reprocessed by gas and dust. We discuss preliminary results to interpret some
observed properties of VLIRGs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149299 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Breaking, M-Theory and Fluxes


  We consider warped compactifications of ${\cal M}$-theory to
three-dimensional Minkowski space on compact eight-manifolds. Taking all the
leading quantum gravity corrections of eleven-dimensional supergravity into
account we obtain the solution to the equations of motion and Bianchi
identities. Generically these vacua are not supersymmetric and yet have a
vanishing three-dimensional cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169265 </DOCNO>
Impossible and Possible Operations in Quantum Information


  We prove a general limitation in quantum information that unifies the
no-cloning and no-complementing principles. Further, we show that one cannot
design Hadamard and unitary gates for creating equal and unequal superpositions
of the original and its complement state. Interestingly, if an unknown qubit is
chosen from polar great circle (but not from equatorial) then it is possible to
design above logic gates. Above limitations in conjunction with impossibility
of designing controlled-NOT gate for unknown qubits suggests that ultimate
quantum computers will be inherently personal. This gives rise to a notion of
quantum mechanical personal computers (QPC).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4034 </DOCNO>
Friction force on a vortex due to the scattering of superfluid


  The longitudinal friction acting on a vortex line in superfluid $^4$He is
investigated within a simple model based on the analogy between such a vortex
dynamics and that of the quantal Brownian motion of a charged point particle in
a uniform magnetic field. The scattering of superfluid quasiparticle
excitations by the vortex stems from a translationally invariant interaction
potential which, expanded to first order in the vortex velocity operator, gives
rise to vortex transitions between nearest Landau levels. The corresponding
friction coefficient is shown to be, in the limit of elastic scattering
(vanishing cyclotron frequency), equivalent to that arising from the Iordanskii
formula. Proposing a simple functional form for the scattering amplitude, with
only one adjustable parameter whose value is set in order to get agreement to
the Iordanskii result for phonons, an excellent agreement is also found with
the values derived from experimental data up to temperatures about 1.5 K.
Finite values of the cyclotron frequency arising from recent theories are shown
to yield similar results. The incidence of vortex-induced quasiparticle
transitions on the friction process is estimated to be, in the roton dominated
regime, about 50 % of the value of the friction coefficient, $\sim$8 % of which
corresponds to roton-phonon transitions and $\sim$42 % to roton
$R^+\leftrightarrow R^-$ ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73662 </DOCNO>
Muon Anomalous $g -2$ and Gauged $L_\mu - L_\tau$ Models


  In this paper we study $Z'$ contribution to $g -2$ of the muon anomalous
magnetic dipole moment in gauged $U(1)_{L_\mu - L_\tau}$ models. Here $L_i$ are
the lepton numbers. We find that there are three classes of models which can
produce a large value of $g-2$ to account for possible discrepancy between the
experimental data and the Standard Model prediction. The three classes are: a)
Models with an exact $U(1)_{L_\mu - L_\tau}$. In these models, $Z'$ is
massless. The new gauge interaction coupling $e a/\cos\theta_W$ is constrained
to be $ 0.8\times 10^{-3} < |a| < 2.24\times 10^{-3}$. b) Models with broken
$U(1)_{L_\mu - L_\tau}$ and the breaking scale is not related to electroweak
symmetry breaking scale. The $Z'$ gauge boson is massive. The allowed range of
the coupling and the $Z'$ mass are constrained, but $Z'$ mass can be large; And
c) The $U(1)_{L_\mu-L_\tau}$ is broken and the breaking scale is related to the
electroweak scale. In this case the $Z'$ mass is constrained to be $\sim 1.2$
GeV. We find that there are interesting experimental signatures in
$\mu^+\mu^-\to \mu^+\mu^-, \tau^+\tau^-$ in these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149928 </DOCNO>
Gauge theories on noncommutative euclidean spaces


  We consider gauge theories on noncommutative euclidean space . In particular,
we discuss the structure of gauge group following standard mathematical
definitions and using the ideas of hep-th/0102182.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5365 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Effects in Spectral Density and Transverse Conductivity of


  Renormalization of the Coulomb interaction in layered metals results in a
strongly anisotropic plasma mode with low frequencies for small components of
wave vector in the in-plane direction. Interaction of electrons with this mode
was found to lead to an incoherent contribution to the electron spectral
density which spreads up to large energies. In the superconducting state this
reproduces the peak-dip-hump feature similar to that observed in layered
high-T$_c$ superconductors. The incoherent part of the spectral density and
plasmon-assisted electron transitions provide mechanisms for nearly linear
conductivity in the stack direction at large voltages or frequencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113554 </DOCNO>
Classical calculation of high-order harmonic generation of atomic and


  Based upon our previous works (Eur.Phys.J.D 6, 319(1999); Chin.Phys.Lett. 18,
236(2001)), we develop a classical approach to calculate the high-order
harmonic generation of the laser driven atoms and molecules. The Coulomb
singularities in the system have been removed by a regularization procedure.
Action-angle variables have been used to generate the initial microcanonical
distribution which satisfies the inversion symmetry of the system. The
numerical simulation show, within a proper laser intensity, a harmonic plateau
with only odd harmonics appears. At higher intensities, the spectra become
noisier because of the existence of chaos. With further increase in laser
intensity, ionization takes place, and the high-order harmonics disappear. Thus
chaos introduces noise in the spectra, and ionization suppresses the harmonic
generation, with the onset of the ionization follows the onset of chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76218 </DOCNO>
Production and Decay of Sneutrino and Squarks at Lepton-Hadron Colliders


  We investigate the potentials of future high energy lepton-proton colliders
to detect supersymmetric particles in the charged current type
$lp\to\tilde\nu_l\tilde qX$, $l=e,\mu$, reactions. We also study their decays
by using the mass spectrum given in the Technical Design Report of ATLAS
Collaboration (SUGRA Point 6 corresponding to large $tan\beta$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96591 </DOCNO>
Convergence versus integrability in Birkhoff normal form


  We show that any analytically integrable Hamiltonian system near an
equilibrium point admits a convergent Birkhoff normalization, solving a
long-standing problem. The proof is based on a new, geometric approach to the
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126429 </DOCNO>
Discovery of water vapor around IRC+10216 as evidence for comets


  Since 1995, astronomers have discovered planets with masses comparable to
that of Jupiter (318 times Earth's mass) in orbit around approximately 60
stars. Although unseen directly, the presence of these planets is inferred by
the small reflex motions that they gravitationally induce on the star they
orbit; these result in small periodic wavelength shifts in the stellar
spectrum. Since this method favors the detection of massive objects orbiting in
close proximity to the star, the question of whether these systems also contain
analogs of the smaller constituents of our Solar System has remained
unanswered. Using an alternative approach, we report here observations of an
aging carbon-star, IRC+10216, that reveal the presence of circumstellar water
vapor, a molecule not expected in measurable abundances around such a star and
thus a distinctive signature of an orbiting cometary system. The only plausible
explanation for this water vapor is that the recent evolution of IRC+10216 -
which is accompanied by a prodigious increase in its luminosity - is now
causing the vaporization of a collection of orbiting icy bodies, a process
first considered in a previous theoretical study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98127 </DOCNO>
Classification of irreducible representations of the q-deformed algebra


  A classification of finite dimensional irreducible representations of the
nonstandard $q$-deformation $U'_q(so_n)$ of the universal enveloping algebra
$U(so(n, C))$ of the Lie algebra $so(n, C)$ (which does not coincides with the
Drinfeld--Jimbo quantized universal enveloping algebra $U_q(so_n)$) is given
for the case when $q$ is not a root of unity. It is shown that such
representations are exhausted by representations of the classical and
nonclassical types. Examples of the algebras $U'_q(so_3)$ and $U'_q(so_4)$ are
considered in detail. The notions of weights, highest weights, highest weight
vectors are introduced. Raising and lowering operators for irreducible finite
dimensional representations of $U'_q(so_n)$ and explicit formulas for them are
given. They depend on a weight upon which they act. Sketch of proofs of the
main assertions are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99022 </DOCNO>
Addendum to `Bosonic formulas for $(k,l)$-admissible partitions'


  In our earlier paper we made a combinatorial study of (k,l)-admissible
partitions. This object appeared already in the work of M. Primc as a label of
a basis of level k-integrable modules over $\hat{sl}_l$. We clarify the
relation between these two works. As a byproduct we obtain an explicit
parameterization of the affine Weyl group of $\hat{sl}_l$ by a simple
combinatorial set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179480 </DOCNO>
Towards understanding the probability of $0^+$ ground states in


  For single-$j$ shells with $j={7/2}, {9/2}$ and 11/2, we relate the large
probability of $I^+$ ground states to the largest (smallest) coefficients
$\alpha^J_{I(v \beta)} = <nv \beta I |$ $A^{J \dagger} \cdot A^J | n v\beta
I>$, where $n$ is the particle number, $v$ is the seniority, $\beta$ is an
additional quantum number, and $I$ is the angular momentum of the state.
Interesting regularities of the probabilities of $I^+$ ground states are
noticed and discussed for 4-particle systems. Several counter examples of the
$0^+$ ground state (0GS) predominance are noticed for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179628 </DOCNO>
Surface Incompressibility from Semiclassical Relativistic Mean Field


  By using the scaling method and the Thomas-Fermi and Extended Thomas-Fermi
approaches to Relativistic Mean Field Theory the surface contribution to the
leptodermous expansion of the finite nuclei incompressibility has been
self-consistently computed. The validity of the simplest expansion, which
contains volume, volume-symmetry, surface and Coulomb terms, is examined by
comparing it with self-consistent results of the finite nuclei
incompressibility for some currently used non-linear sigma-omega parameter
sets. A numerical estimate of higher-order contributions to the leptodermous
expansion, namely the curvature and surface-symmetry terms, is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95537 </DOCNO>
Almost optimal local well-posedness of the Maxwell-Klein-Gordon


  We prove that the Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equations on $\R^{1+4}$ relative to
the Coulomb gauge are locally well-posed for initial data in $H^{1+\epsilon}$
for all $\epsilon > 0$. This builds on previous work by Klainerman and Machedon
who proved the corresponding result for a model problem derived from the
Maxwell-Klein-Gordon system by ignoring the elliptic features of the system, as
well as cubic terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72839 </DOCNO>
Physics Beyond SM at RHIC with Polarized Protons


  The capabilities of RHIC with polarized protons to test the Lorentz structure
of electroweak interactions and also the properties of MSSM Higgs, should it be
discovered, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124790 </DOCNO>
Accretion Models of Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Many models of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) involve accretion onto a compact
object, usually a black hole, at a mass accretion rate of order a fraction of a
solar mass per second. If the accretion disk is larger than a few tens or
hundreds of Schwarzschild radii, the accretion will proceed via a
convection-dominated accretion flow (CDAF) in which most of the matter escapes
to infinity rather than falling onto the black hole. Models involving the
mergers of black hole white dwarf binaries and black hole helium star binaries
fall in this category. These models are unlikely to produce GRBs since very
little mass reaches the black hole. If the accretion disk is smaller, then
accretion will proceed via neutrino cooling in a neutrino-dominated accretion
disk (NDAF) and most of the mass will reach the center. Models involving the
mergers of double neutron star binaries and black hole neutron star binaries
fall in this category and are capable of producing bright GRBs. If the
viscosity parameter $\alpha$ in the NDAF has a standard value $\sim0.1$, these
mergers can explain short GRBs with durations under a second, but they are
unlikely to produce long GRBs with durations of tens or hundred of seconds. If
the accretion disk is fed by fallback of material after a supernova explosion,
as in the collapsar model, then the time scale of the burst is determined by
fallback, not accretion. Such a model can produce long GRBs. Fallback models
again require that the accretion should proceed via an NDAF rather than a CDAF
in order for a significant amount of mass to reach the black hole. This
condition imposes an upper limit on the radius of injection of the gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86100 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative regime of fundamental physics


  We further develop a model unifying general relativity with quantum mechanics
proposed in our earlier papers (J. Math. Phys. 38, 5840 (1998); 41, 5168
(2000)). The model is based on a noncommutative algebra $A$ defined on a
groupoid $\Gamma = E \times G$ where $E$ is the total space of a fibre bundle
over space-time and $G$ a Lie group acting on $E$. In this paper, the algebra
$A$ is defined in such a way that the model works also if $G$ is a noncompact
group. Differential algebra based on derivations of this algebra is elaborated
which allows us to construct a "noncommutative general relativity". The left
regular representation of the algebra $A$ in a Hilbert space leads to the
quantum sector of our model. Its position and momentum representations are
discussed in some detail. It is shown that the model has correct correspondence
with the standard theories: with general relativity, by restricting the algebra
$A$ to a subset of its center; with quantum mechanics, by changing from the
groupoid $\Gamma $ to its algebroid; with classical mechanics, by changing from
the groupoid $\Gamma $ to its tangent groupoid. We also construct a
noncommutative Fock space based on the proposed model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81411 </DOCNO>
Light hadron spectrum and quark masses


  Recent developments in lattice QCD calculations of the light hadron spectrum
and quark masses are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1448 </DOCNO>
Towards a Landau-Ginzburg-type Theory for Granular Fluids


  In this paper we show how, under certain restrictions, the hydrodynamic
equations for the freely evolving granular fluid fit within the framework of
the time dependent Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models for critical and unstable fluids
(e.g. spinodal decomposition). The granular fluid, which is usually modeled as
a fluid of inelastic hard spheres (IHS), exhibits two instabilities: the
spontaneous formation of vortices and of high density clusters. We suppress the
clustering instability by imposing constraints on the system sizes, in order to
illustrate how LG-equations can be derived for the order parameter, being the
rate of deformation or shear rate tensor, which controls the formation of
vortex patterns. From the shape of the energy functional we obtain the
stationary patterns in the flow field. Quantitative predictions of this theory
for the stationary states agree well with molecular dynamics simulations of a
fluid of inelastic hard disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1961 </DOCNO>
The phase diagram of the one-dimensional quantum sine-Gordon system


  The one-dimensional quantum sine-Gordon system with a linear spatial
modulation is investigated in a special case, $\beta ^{2}$ =4$\pi $. The model
is tranformed into a massive Thirring model and then is exactly diagonalized,
the energy spetrum of the model is obtained. Our result clearly demonstrates
that cancelling the cosine term without any considering is unadvisable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149041 </DOCNO>
Metric and noncommutative parameter for longitudinal spin polarization


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced.
Therefore, this paper is withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41254 </DOCNO>
Attempts at Explaining the NuTeV Observation of Di-Muon Events


  The NuTeV Collaboration has observed an excess in their di-muon channel,
possibly corresponding to a long-lived neutral particle with only weak
interactions and which decays to muon pairs. We show that this can {\it not} be
explained by pair production of neutralinos in the target followed by their
decay far downstream in the detector via a $LLE$ R-parity violating (RPV)
operator, as suggested in the literature. In the parameter region allowed by
LEP the event rate is far too small. We propose instead a new neutralino
production method via $B$-mesons, which can fully explain the observation. This
is analogous to neutrino production via $\pi$-mesons. This model can be
completely tested and thus also possibly excluded with NOMAD data. If it is
excluded, the NuTeV observation is most likely not due to physics beyond the
Standard Model. Our model can also be tested at the current and future
$B$-factories. This opens up a new way of testing a long-lived neutralino LSP
at fixed-target experiments and thus a possibility to close the gap between
collider and cosmological tests of R-parity violation. We also discuss a
possible explanation in terms of a neutral heavy lepton mixing with the
Standard Model neutrinos. The flavour structure of the observation can be
accounted for but the production rate is far too low.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75164 </DOCNO>
Clustering, Anisotropy, Spectra of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray:


  The Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray UHECR, by UHE neutrino-relic neutrino Z
showering in Hot Dark Halos HDM, should exhibits an energy spectra and an
anisotropy reflecting (also) the relic neutrino masses and their hierarchical
HDM halo clustering. A twin light neutrino mass splitting may reflect to twin Z
resonance and into a complex UHECR spectra modulation, a twin bump, at the edge
at highest GZK energy cut-off. Each possible neutrino mass associates a
characteristic dark halo size (galactic, local, Super Cluster) and its local
anisotropy due to our peculiar position within that dark matter distribution. A
neutrino HDM halo around a Mpc will allow to the UHECR neutron secondary
component at E_n> 10^{20} eV (due to Z decay) to arise playing a role
comparable with the charged p- anti{p} ones. Their un-deflected n-anti{n} (or
decayed p-anti{p}) flight is shorter leading to a prompt and hard UHECR trace
pointing toward the original UHECR source direction. The direct p -anti{p}
pairs are split and spread by random magnetic fields into a more diluted and
smeared UHECR signal around the original source direction. TeVs signals by
synchrotron radiation must also mark the Z-WW Showering. The UHE Neutrino- Z
showering signatures may be already found in recent (and future) events in
AGASA (and Auger) data. The observed hard doublet and triplets spectra, their
time and space clustering already favour the rising key role of UHECR neutron
secondaries originated by Z tail shower.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73935 </DOCNO>
Determining the Structure of Higgs Couplings at the LHC


  Higgs boson production via weak boson fusion at the CERN Large Hadron
Collider has the capability to determine the dominant CP nature of a Higgs
boson, via the tensor structure of its coupling to weak bosons. This
information is contained in the azimuthal angle distribution of the two
outgoing forward tagging jets. The technique is independent of both the Higgs
boson mass and the observed decay channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72989 </DOCNO>
Unitarity Bounds and the Cuspy Halo Problem


  Conventional Cold Dark Matter cosmological models predict small scale
structures, such as cuspy halos, which are in apparent conflict with
observations. Several alternative scenarios based on modifying fundamental
properties of the dark matter have been proposed. We show that general
principles of quantum mechanics, in particular unitarity, imply interesting
constraints on two proposals: collisional dark matter proposed by Spergel &
Steinhardt, and strongly annihilating dark matter proposed by Kaplinghat, Knox
& Turner. Efficient scattering required in both implies m < 12 GeV and m < 25
GeV respectively. The same arguments show that the strong annihilation in the
second scenario implies the presence of significant elastic scattering,
particularly for large enough masses. Recently, a variant of the collisional
scenario has been advocated to satisfy simultaneously constraints from dwarf
galaxies to clusters, with a cross section that scales inversely with velocity.
We show that this scenario likely involves super-elastic processes, and the
associated kinetic energy change must be taken into account when making
predictions. Exceptions and implications for experimental searches are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6144 </DOCNO>
Intercalation and High Temperature Superconductivity of Fullerides II


  Based on the mechanism described by the authors in cond-mat/0109553, we
predict that the compound C60/CHI3 will have Tc~140K, which would be the
highest value obtained sofar for intercalated materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87255 </DOCNO>
Future Global in time einsteinian spacetimes with U(1) isometry group


  We prove that spacetimes satisfying the vacuum Einstein equations on a
manifold of the form $\Sigma \times U(1)\times R$ where $\Sigma $ is a compact
surface of genus $G>1$ and where the Cauchy data is invariant with respect to
U(1) and sufficiently small exist for an infinite proper time in the expanding
direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1827 </DOCNO>
Theory of Sol-Gel Transition in Thermoreversible Gels with due Regard


  The sol-gel transition (SGT), upon which the infinite cluster (IC) of
thermoreversibly bonded particles (gel fraction) appears against a background
of a set of finite clusters (sol fraction), is first quantitatively considered
with due regard for large and complicated (mesoscopic) cycles inevitably
present in the IC. To this end we present a new approach based on a concept of
the monomer identity breaking and density functional description. We strictly
derive, via a proper choice of basic structural units of the gel fraction, all
statements usually supposed to be just Flory (Stockmayer) assumptions. A
further analysis of the IC structure reveals some new IC structural units
(those involved into mesoscopic cycles) overlooked in both Flory and Stockmayer
approaches and to be described by a new order parameter characteristic only of
the gel phase. As a result, the SGT is found to transform from a geometric
phenomenon to a genuine 1st order phase transition always followed by a phase
separation into sol and gel phases. The free energy, total conversion, volume
fractions of the gel fraction and dangling monomers as well as other structural
quantities are calculated as functions of a reduced monomer density and
analyzed for all the existing models. The Flory approach is found to be
superior to the Stockmayer-Tanaka one and satisfactorily describe some of the
dense weak gel properties but fail (even qualitatively) in a quite extended
vicinity of the SGT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179405 </DOCNO>
Effects of Short-Range Correlations in (e,e'p) reactions and nuclear


  A study of the effects of short-range correlations over the (e,e'p) reaction
for low missing energy in closed shell nuclei is presented. We use correlated,
quasi-hole overlap functions extracted from the asymptotic behavior of the
one-body density matrix, containing central correlations of Jastrow type, up to
first-order in a cluster expansion, and computed in the very high asymptotic
region, up to 100 fm. The method to extract the overlap functions is checked in
a simple shell model, where the exact results are known. We find that the
single-particle wave functions of the valence shells are shifted to the right
due to the short-range repulsion by the nuclear core. The corresponding
spectroscopic factors are reduced only a few percent with respect to the shell
model. However, the (e,e'p) response functions and cross sections are enhanced
in the region of the maximum of the missing momentum distribution due to
short-range correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125282 </DOCNO>
The photometric-amplitude and mass-ratio distributions of contact binary


  The distribution of the light-variation amplitudes, A(a), in addition to
determining the number of undiscovered contact binary systems falling below
photometric detection thresholds and thus lost to statistics, can serve as a
tool in determination of the mass-ratio distribution, Q(q), which is very
important for understanding of the evolution of contact binaries. Calculations
of the expected A(a) show that it tends to converge to a mass-ratio dependent
constant value for a->0. Strong dependence of A(a) on Q(q) can be used to
determine the latter distribution, but the technique is limited by the presence
of unresolved visual companions and by blending in crowded areas of the sky.
The bright-star sample to 7.5 magnitude is too small for an application of the
technique while the the Baade's Window sample from the OGLE project may suffer
stronger blending; thus the present results are preliminary and illustrative
only. Estimates based on the Baade's Window data from the OGLE project, for
amplitudes a>0.3 mag. where the statistics appear to be complete allowing
determination of Q(q) over 0.12<q<1, suggest a steep increase of Q(q) with
q->0. The mass-ratio distribution can be approximated by a power law, either
Q(q)~(1-q)^a1 with a1=6+/-2 or Q(q)~q^b1, with b1=-2+/-0.5, with a slight
preference for the former form. Both forms must be modified by the
theoretically expected cut-off caused by a tidal instability at about q_min
0.07-0.1. An expected maximum in Q(q), is expected to be mapped into a local
maximum in A(a) around 0.2-0.25 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97899 </DOCNO>
Addition Theorems as Three-Dimensional Taylor Expansions. II. $B$


  Addition theorems can be constructed by doing three-dimensional Taylor
expansions according to $f (\mathbf{r} + \mathbf{r}') = \exp (\mathbf{r}' \cdot
\mathbf{\nabla}) f (\mathbf{r})$. Since, however, one is normally interested in
addition theorems of irreducible spherical tensors, the application of the
translation operator in its Cartesian form $\exp (x' \partial /\partial x) \exp
(y' \partial /\partial y) \exp (z' \partial /\partial z)$ would lead to
enormous technical problems. A better alternative consists in using a series
expansion for the translation operator $\exp (\mathbf{r}' \cdot
\mathbf{\nabla})$ involving powers of the Laplacian $\mathbf{\nabla}^2$ and
spherical tensor gradient operators $\mathcal{Y}_{\ell}^{m} (\nabla)$, which
are irreducible spherical tensors of ranks zero and $\ell$, respectively [F.D.\
Santos, Nucl. Phys. A {\bf 212}, 341 (1973)]. In this way, it is indeed
possible to derive addition theorems by doing three-dimensional Taylor
expansions [E.J. Weniger, Int. J. Quantum Chem. {\bf 76}, 280 (2000)]. The
application of the translation operator in its spherical form is particularly
simple in the case of $B$ functions and leads to an addition theorem with a
comparatively compact structure. Since other exponentially decaying functions
like Slater-type functions, bound-state hydrogenic eigenfunctions, and other
functions based on generalized Laguerre polynomials can be expressed by simple
finite sums of $B$ functions, the addition theorems for these functions can be
written down immediately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75406 </DOCNO>
Divergences in Kaluza-Klein Models and their String Regularization


  Effective field theories with (large) extra dimensions are studied within a
physical regularization scheme provided by string theory. Explicit string
calculations then allow us to consistently analyze the ultraviolet sensitivity
of Kaluza--Klein theories in the presence or absence of low energy
supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179650 </DOCNO>
Covariant model for proton-proton bremsstrahlung: Comparison with


  We compare a relativistic covariant model for proton-proton bremsstrahlung
with high-quality data from KVI. The agreement in large parts of phase space is
satisfactory. However, remarkably large discrepancies are observed for specific
kinematic regions. These failures are shown to occur primarily when the final
two-nucleon system has energies less than about 15 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7505 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Capillary Interactions and Jamming of Colloidal Particles


  We determine the capillary attraction and equilibrium configurations of
particles trapped at a liquid-fluid interface due to the pinning of their
contact-line. We calculate analytically the asymptotic interaction energy
between two particles and, numerically, the multi-body energy landscape for up
to four contacting particles. Our results are consistent with recent
experiments. We show that a system composed of a large number of such particles
behaves as a jammed system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97876 </DOCNO>
Finiteness Results for Hilbert's Irreducibility Theorem


  Let f(t,X) be an irreducible polynomial over the field of rational functions
k(t), where k is a number field. Let O be the ring of integers of k. Hilbert's
irreducibility theorem gives infinitely many integral specializations of t to
values a in O such that f(a,X) is still irreducible. In this paper we study the
set Red(O) of those a in O with f(a,X) reducible. We show that Red(O) is a
finite set under rather weak assumptions. In particular, several results of K.
Langmann, obtained by Diophantine approximation techniques, appear as special
cases of some of our results.
  Our method is completely different. We use elementary group theory, valuation
theory, and Siegel's theorem about integral points on algebraic curves. Indeed,
using the Siegel-Lang extension of Siegel's theorem, most of our results hold
over more general fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2776 </DOCNO>
Evidence for two superconducting energy gaps in MgB2 by point-contact


  Experimental support is found for the multiband model of the
superconductivity in the recently discovered system MgB2 with the transition
temperature Tc = 39 K. By means of Andreev reflection evidence is obtained for
two distinct superconducting energy gaps. The sizes of the two gaps (Delta_S =
2.8 meV and Delta_L = 7 meV) are respectively smaller and larger than the
expected weak coupling value. Due to the temperature smearing of the spectra
the two gaps are hardly distinguishable at elevated temperatures but when a
magnetic field is applied the presence of two gaps can be demonstrated close to
the bulk T_c in the raw data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1052 </DOCNO>
Simulation of polysilane and polysilyne formation and structure


  We present Monte Carlo simulations of the formation and structure of
polysilane, hybrid polysilane/polysilyne and polysilyne networks. The
simulation technique allows for the investigation of large networks, containing
up to 1000 silicon atoms. Our results show that ring formation is an important
factor for all three types of materials. For polysilyne networks, a random
structure is found incorporating cyclic substructures, linear chains and
branching points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3483 </DOCNO>
Numerical study of quantum percolation


  We study the density of states and the optical conductivity of the classical
double-exchange model on a site percolated cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168314 </DOCNO>
Teleportation cost and hybrid compression of quantum signals


  The amount of entanglement necessary to teleport quantum states drawn from
general ensemble $\{p_i,\rho_i\}$ is derived. The case of perfect transmission
of individual states and that of asymptotically faithful transmission are
discussed. Using the latter result, we also derive the optimum compression rate
when the ensemble is compressed into qubits and bits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75296 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis via leptogenesis in SO(10) models


  We discuss the baryogenesis via leptogenesis mechanism within the
supersymmetric and nonsupersymmetric SO(10) models. We find that the
nonsupersymmetric model, endowed with an intermediate scale, is generally
favoured, unless some fine tuning occurs in the supersymmetric case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76604 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark physics from lattice QCD


  I review the current status of lattice calculations of heavy quark
quantities. Particular emphasis is placed on leptonic and semileptonic decay
matrix elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3986 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal spin-fluctuations and superconductivity in ferromagnetic


  The recent discovery of superconductivity coexisting with weak itinerant
ferromagnetism in the $d$-electron intermetallic compound ZrZn$_{2}$ strongly
suggests spin-fluctuation mediated superconductivity. {\it Ab initio}
electronic structure calculations of the Fermi surface and generalized
susceptibilities are performed to investigate the viability of longitudinal
spin-fluctuation-induced spin-triplet superconductivity in the ferromagnetic
state. The critical temperature is estimated to be of the order of 1 K.
Additionally, it is shown that in spite of a strong electron-phonon coupling
($\lambda_{ph}=0.7$), conventional s-wave superconductivity is inhibited by the
presence of strong spin-fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169124 </DOCNO>
Quantum cloning of orthogonal qubits


  An optimal universal cloning transformation is derived that produces M copies
of an unknown qubit from a pair of orthogonal qubits. For M>6, the
corresponding cloning fidelity is higher than that of the optimal copying of a
pair of identical qubits. It is shown that this cloning transformation can be
implemented probabilistically via parametric down-conversion by feeding the
signal and idler modes of a nonlinear crystal with orthogonally polarized
photons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126567 </DOCNO>
Globular Clusters around Galaxies in Groups


  We have obtained deep photometry of NGC 1199 (in HCG 22) and NGC 6868 (in the
Telescopium group). Both galaxies are the optically brightest galaxies of their
groups. Our analysis of B and R images taken with the Keck II and the VLT/ESO
telescopes, detected a population of globular clusters around both galaxies,
with total specific frequencies S_N=1.7\pm0.6 for NGC 1199 and S_N = 1.3\pm0.6
for NGC 6868. The color distributions of the globular cluster systems shows
bimodal peaks centered at (B-R)_0 = 1.13\pm0.10 and 1.42\pm0.10 (NGC 1199) and
(B-R)_0=1.12\pm0.10 and 1.42\pm0.10 (NGC 6868).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73740 </DOCNO>
Prediction of $\sin^2\theta_W$ in a Conformal Approach to Coupling


  The possibility that non-supersymmetric conformal field theories softly
broken below 100 TeV may provide an alternative to conventional grand
unification is explored. We consider a low energy theory presumed to be of this
type arising from the Type IIB superstring compactified on a $AdS_5 \times
S_5/\Gamma$ space whose gauge group and the particle content are severely
restricted by the compactification process. We present an example of a
resulting $SU(4)_c\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R$ with three generations, which
leads to coupling unification and a prediction for $sin^2\theta_W\simeq .227$
and other phenomenology generally consistent with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123946 </DOCNO>
The IMF of open star clusters with Tycho-2


  We studied the fields of nine nearby open star clusters based on the Tycho-2
catalogue. The clusters are: Blanco 1, Stock 2, the alpha Per cluster, the
Pleiades, NGC 2451, IC 2391, Praesepe, IC 2602, and NGC 7092. We determined
membership probabilities for the stars in the cluster fields from the stellar
proper motions and used the Tycho-2 photometry to compute the initial mass
function (IMF) of the clusters from the main sequence turn-off point down to
approx. 1 M_sun. We found IMF slopes ranging from Gamma=-0.69 down to
Gamma=-2.27 (when the Salpeter (1955) value would be Gamma=-1.35). We also
studied the membership of individual stars of special astrophysical interest.
In some cases previous results had to be revised. As a by-product, we
investigated some general properties of the Tycho-2 catalogue; we confirmed
that the Tycho-2 proper motions show only marginal deviations from the
Hipparcos catalogue. On the other hand, in some regions the completeness of the
catalogue seems to decrease at magnitudes brighter than claimed by Hog et al.
(2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85903 </DOCNO>
Black Holes: The Legacy of Hilbert's Error


  The historical postulates for the point mass are shown to be satisfied by an
infinity of space-times, differing as to the limiting acceleration of a
radially approaching test particle. Taking this limit to be infinite gives
Schwarzschild's result, which for a point mass at x = y = z = 0 has C(0+) =
a^2, where a = 2m and C(r) denotes the coefficient of the angular terms in the
polar form of the metric. Hilbert's derivation used the variable r*
=[C(0+)]^1/2. For Hilbert, however, C was unknown, and thus could not be used
to determine r*(0). Instead he asserted, in effect, that r* = (x^2 + y^2 +
z^2)^1/2, which places the point mass at r* = 0. Unfortunately, this differs
from the value (a) obtained by substituting Schwarzschild's C into the
expression for r*(0), and since C(0+) is a scaler invariant, it follows that
Hilbert's assertion is invalid. Owing to this error, in each spatial section of
Hilbert's space-time, the boundary (r* = a) corresponding to r = 0 is no longer
a point, but a two-sphere. This renders his space-time analytically extendible,
and as shown by Kruskal and Fronsdal, its maximal extension contains a black
hole. Thus the Kruskal-Fronsdal black hole is merely an artifact of Hilbert's
error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128617 </DOCNO>
An Adaptive Optics Search for Companions to Stars with Planets


  We have performed a Keck adaptive optics (AO) imaging survey of 25 extrasolar
planetary systems discovered by the radial velocity programs. Typically, the
high-resolution (FWHM~0.04") near-infrared images are able to detect point
sources at dH=10 at 1", L and T dwarfs at 0.5" to 2.0", and stars and brown
dwarfs at 3-10 AU and 10-100 AU from the targets. The AO images reveal 15 faint
sources (H=14-20) near the stars HD 37124, HD 168443, HD 187123, and HD 190228
out to a search radius of 3.3. We have obtained AO images at a second epoch for
five of the candidate companions at Keck and Gemini Observatories. The
resulting measurements of proper motions relative to the primary stars indicate
that these five sources are background stars. Given that the four primaries are
near the Galactic plane (|b|<6 deg), the remaining faint sources are also
likely to be background stars rather than substellar companions. We present the
companion detection limits for each target as a function of separation and
compare them to the sensitivities of radial velocity surveys, demonstrating the
complementary nature of the two techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149672 </DOCNO>
Total Variation and Variational Symplectic-Energy-Momentum integrators


  A discrete total variation calculus with variable time steps is presented in
this letter. Using this discrete variation calculus, we generalize Lee's
discrete mechanics and derive variational symplectic-energy-momentum
integrators by Kane, Marsden and Ortiz. The relationship among discrete total
variation, Lee's discrete mechanics and Kane-Marsden-Ortiz's integrators is
explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129118 </DOCNO>
The Double Quasar HE1104-1805: a case study for time delay determination


  We present a new determination of the time delay of the gravitational lens
system HE1104-1805 ('Double Hamburger') based on a previously unpublished
dataset. We argue that the previously published value of dt_(A-B)=0.73 years
was affected by a bias of the employed method. We determine a new value of
dt_(A-B)=0.85+/-0.05 years (2 sigma confidence level), using six different
techniques based on non interpolation methods in the time domain. The result
demonstrates that even in the case of poorly sampled lightcurves, useful
information can be obtained with regard to the time delay. The error estimates
were calculated through Monte Carlo simulations. With two already existing
models for the lens and using its recently determined redshift, we infer a
range of values of the Hubble parameter: Ho=48+/-4 km/s Mpc^-1 (2 sigma) for a
singular isothermal ellipsoid (SIE) and Ho=62+/-4 km/s Mpc^-1 (2 sigma) for a
constant mass-to-light ratio plus shear model (M/L+gamma). The possibly much
larger errors due to systematic uncertainties in modeling the lens potential
are not included in this error estimate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97980 </DOCNO>
Quantum Inozemtsev model, quasi-exact solvability and N-fold


  Inozemtsev models are classically integrable multi-particle dynamical systems
related to Calogero-Moser models. Because of the additional q^6 (rational
models) or sin^2(2q) (trigonometric models) potentials, their quantum versions
are not exactly solvable in contrast with Calogero-Moser models. We show that
quantum Inozemtsev models can be deformed to be a widest class of partly
solvable (or quasi-exactly solvable) multi-particle dynamical systems. They
posses N-fold supersymmetry which is equivalent to quasi-exact solvability. A
new method for identifying and solving quasi-exactly solvable systems, the
method of pre-superpotential, is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124991 </DOCNO>
The properties of field elliptical galaxies at intermediate redshift.


  A sample of field early-type galaxies (E/S0) at intermediate redshift
($z\sim0.1-0.6$) is selected, based on morphology and colours from HST-WFPC2
parallel images. Photometric structural parameters (effective radius
$R_{\tx{e}}$ and effective surface brightness $SB_{\tx{e}}$) are derived
through the F606W and F814W filters, using luminosity profile fitting and
two-dimensional fitting techniques. The combined parameter that enters the
Fundamental Plane ($\log R_{\tx{e}}-\beta SB_{\tx{e}}$, with
$\beta\approx0.32$) is shown to suffer from significantly smaller uncertainties
(r.m.s. 0.03) than the individual structural parameters (e.g. $\sim 15$ per
cent r.m.s. on the effective radius).
  High signal-to-noise intermediate resolution spectra, taken at the ESO-3.6m,
yield redshifts for 35 galaxies and central velocity dispersions for 22
galaxies. Central velocity dispersions are derived using a library of stellar
templates covering a wide range of spectral types, in order to study the
effects of templates mismatches. The average random error on the central
velocity dispersion is found to be 8 per cent and the average systematic error
due to template mismatch is found to be 5 per cent. The errors on velocity
dispersion measurement and the effects of template mismatches are studied by
means of extensive Montecarlo simulations. In addition, we investigate whether
the determination of the velocity dispersion is sensitive to the spectral range
used, finding that the value of velocity dispersion is unchanged when the
spectral regions that include the absorption features Ca HK and NaD are masked
out during the fit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95926 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Algebraic Quantum Field Theory and Operator Algebras


  In this series of lectures directed towards a mainly mathematically oriented
audience I try to motivate the use of operator algebra methods in quantum field
theory. Therefore a title as ``why mathematicians are/should be interested in
algebraic quantum field theory'' would be equally fitting. Besides a
presentation of the framework and the main results of local quantum physics
these notes may serve as a guide to some frontier research problems in
mathematical physics with applications in particle and condensed matter physics
for whose solution operator algebraic methods seem indispensable. The
ultraviolet problems of the standard approach and the recent holographic
aspects belong to this kind of problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2927 </DOCNO>
Efficiency of DNA replication in the Polymerase Chain Reactio


  We present a detailed kinetic model for the Polymerase Chain Reaction, and
model the probability of replication in terms of the physical parameters of the
problem. Applying the theory of branching processes, we show the existance of a
new phenomenon affecting the probability distribution function of the number of
replicants: for small number of initial molecules, the limiting behavior (with
increasing number of cycles) of the pdf is represented by a multi-modal
funtion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4840 </DOCNO>
The world according to Renyi: thermodynamics of fractal systems


  We discuss a basic thermodynamic properties of systems with multifractal
structure. This is possible by extending the notion of Gibbs-Shannon's entropy
into more general framework - Renyi's information entropy. We show a connection
of Renyi's parameter q with the multifractal singularity spectrum f(\alpha) and
clarify a relationship with the Tsallis-Havrda-Charvat entropy. Finally, we
generalize Hagedorn's statistical theory and apply it to high-energy particle
collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7143 </DOCNO>
Shot Noise in Schottky's Vacuum Tube


  In these notes we discuss the origin of shot noise ('Schroteffekt') of vacuum
tubes in detail. It will be shown that shot noise observed in vacuum tubes and
first described by W. Schottky in 1918 is a purely classical phenomenon. This
is in pronounced contrast to shot noise investigated in mesoscopic conductors
which is due to quantum mechanical diffraction of electron waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4965 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the Thermohaline Circulation under Wind forcing


  The ocean thermohaline circulation, also called meridional overturning
circulation, is caused by water density contrasts. This circulation has large
capacity of carrying heat around the globe and it thus affects the energy
budget and further affects the climate. We consider a thermohaline circulation
model in the meridional plane under external wind forcing. We show that, when
there is no wind forcing, the stream function and the density fluctuation
(under appropriate metrics) tend to zero exponentially fast as time goes to
infinity. With rapidly oscillating wind forcing, we obtain an averaging
principle for the thermohaline circulation model. This averaging principle
provides convergence results and comparison estimates between the original
thermohaline circulation and the averaged thermohaline circulation, where the
wind forcing is replaced by its time average. This establishes the validity for
using the averaged thermohaline circulation model for numerical simulations at
long time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96458 </DOCNO>
Planar Maps in 4 bits/edge


  Existing planar map encodings neglect maps with loops. The presented scheme
encodes any connected planar map in 4 bits/edge. Encoding and decoding time is
O(edges). Implicit face/edge/vertex orderings and canonical encodings are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97036 </DOCNO>
A diagonalization property between Hurewicz and Menger


  In classical works, Hurewicz and Menger introduced two diagonalization
properties for sequences of open covers. Hurewicz found a combinatorial
characterization of these notions in terms of continuous images. Recently,
Scheepers has shown that these notions are particular cases in a large family
of diagonalization schemas. One of the members of this family is weaker than
the Hurewicz property and stronger than the Menger property, and it was left
open whether it can be characterized combinatorially in terms of continuous
images. We give a positive answer. This paper can serve as an exposition of
this fascinating subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124838 </DOCNO>
The Ultimate Future of the Universe, Black Hole Event Horizons,


  Hawking has shown that if black holes were to exist in a universe that
expands forever, black holes would completely evaporate, violating unitarity. I
argue this means unitarity requires that the universe exist for only a finite
future proper time. I develop this argument, showing that unitarity also
requires the boundaries of all future sets to be Cauchy surfaces, and so no
event horizons can exist. Thus, the null generators of the surfaces of
astrophysical black holes must leave the surface in both time directions,
allowing non-spherical topologies for black hole surfaces. Since all
information eventually escapes astrophysical black holes, and since the null
surfaces defining astrophysical black holes are Cauchy surfaces, holography
automatically holds. I further show that unitarity requires the effective
cosmological constant to be zero eventually, since otherwise the universe would
expand forever.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85748 </DOCNO>
Dyonic BIon black hole in string inspired model


  We construct static and spherically symmetric particle-like and black hole
solutions with magnetic and/or electric charge in the
Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton-axion system, which is a generalization of the
Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion (EMDA) system and of the Einstein-Born-Infeld
(EBI) system. They have remarkable properties which are not seen for the
corresponding solutions in the EMDA and the EBI system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99167 </DOCNO>
Attaching handles to Bryant surfaces


  We prove the existence of complete, embedded, constant mean curvature 1
surfaces in 3 dimensional hyperbolic space when g, the genus of the surface,
and n, the number of ends of the surface, satisfy either g=0 and $n\geq 1$ or
$g \geq 1$ and $2n\geq g+5$. The surfaces are all regular points of their
corresponding moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 679 </DOCNO>
Bacterial evolution and the Bak-Sneppen model


  Recently, Lenski et al \cite{Elena,Lenski,Travisano} have carried out several
experiments on bacterial evolution. Their findings support the theory of
punctuated equilibrium in biological evolution. They have further quantified
the relative contributions of adaptation, chance and history to bacterial
evolution. In this Brief Report, we show that a modified M-trait Bak-Sneppen
model can explain many of the experimental results in a qualitative manner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7102 </DOCNO>
Long-range Effect on the Curie Temperature of Ferroelectric Films


  In this paper, the Curie temperature of ferroelectric films is studied using
spin-1/2 transverse Ising model with long-range interaction within the
framework of the effective-field theory. The dependence of the Curie
temperature on the thickness of the film, the surface interaction and the
transverse field were investigated. It is assumed that the long-range
interaction decays with the distance between the pseudo-spins as a power law.
The dependence of the Curie temperature and the critical transverse field on
the long-range exponent are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126791 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the cosmic microwave background bispectrum on the COBE


  We measure the angular bispectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
radiation anisotropy from the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR)
four-year sky maps. The angular bispectrum is the harmonic transform of the
three-point correlation function, analogous to the angular power spectrum, the
harmonic transform of the two-point correlation function. First, we study
statistical properties of the bispectrum and the normalized bispectrum. We find
the latter more useful for statistical analysis; the distribution of the
normalized bispectrum is very much Gaussian, while the bare bispectrum
distribution is highly non-Gaussian. Then, we measure 466 modes of the
normalized bispectrum, all independent combinations of three-point
configurations up to a maximum multipole of 20, the mode corresponding to the
DMR beam size. By measuring 10 times as many modes as the sum of previous work,
we test Gaussianity of the DMR maps. We compare the data with the simulated
Gaussian realizations, finding no significant detection of the normalized
bispectrum on the mode-by-mode basis. We also find that the previously reported
detection of the normalized bispectrum is consistent with a statistical
fluctuation. By fitting a theoretical prediction to the data for the primary
CMB bispectrum, which is motivated by slow-roll inflation, we put a weak
constraint on a parameter characterizing non-linearity in inflation.
Simultaneously fitting the foreground bispectra estimated from interstellar
dust and synchrotron template maps shows that neither dust nor synchrotron
emissions significantly contribute to the bispectrum at high Galactic latitude.
We conclude that the DMR map is consistent with Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126010 </DOCNO>
The nature of the E-B decomposition of CMB polarization


  We present a derivation of the transformation between the Q and U Stokes
parameters and the E and B scalar and pseudo-scalar fields. We emphasize the
geometrical properties that such transformation must satisfy. We present the E
and B decomposition of some simple maps and of a model for a supernova remnant.
We discuss the relative amplitudes of the E and B components and argue that for
generic random maps E and B should have roughly the same amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74663 </DOCNO>
Oscillations During Inflation and the Cosmological Density Perturbations


  Adiabatic (curvature) perturbations are produced during a period of
cosmological inflation that is driven by a single scalar field, the inflaton.
On particle physics grounds -- though -- it is natural to expect that this
scalar field is coupled to other scalar degrees of freedom. This gives rise to
oscillations between the perturbation of the inflaton field and the
perturbations of the other scalar degrees of freedom, similar to the phenomenon
of neutrino oscillations. Since the degree of the mixing is governed by the
squared mass matrix of the scalar fields, the oscillations can occur even if
the energy density of the extra scalar fields is much smaller than the energy
density of the inflaton field. The probability of oscillation is resonantly
amplified when perturbations cross the horizon and the perturbations in the
inflaton field may disappear at horizon crossing giving rise to perturbations
in scalar fields other than the inflaton. Adiabatic and isocurvature
perturbations are inevitably correlated at the end of inflation and we provide
a simple expression for the cross-correlation in terms of the slow-roll
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149791 </DOCNO>
Large Momentum bounds from Flow Equations


  We analyse the large momentum behaviour of 4-dimensional massive euclidean
Phi-4-theory using the flow equations of Wilson's renormalization group. The
flow equations give access to a simple inductive proof of perturbative
renormalizability. By sharpening the induction hypothesis we prove new and, as
it seems, close to optimal bounds on the large momentum behaviour of the
correlation functions. The bounds are related to what is generally called
Weinberg's theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129274 </DOCNO>
Spectral Analysis of Bright Gamma Ray Bursts


  We present the time integrated and time resolved spectral analysis of a
sample of bright bursts selected from the BATSE archive. We fitted four
different spectral models to the time integrated and time resolved spectra of
the flux pulses. We point out that the found (marginal) differences in the
parameter distributions can be ascribed to the different spectral shape of the
employed models and that a smoothly curved model best fits the observed
spectra. We characterize the spectral shape of bright bursts and compare the
low energy slope of the fitted spectra with the prediction N(E) = E^{-2/3} of
the synchrotron theory, finding that this limit is violated in a considerable
number of time resolved spectra around the peaks, both during the rise and
decay phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2390 </DOCNO>
Electronic anisotropy, magnetic field-temperature phase diagram and


  An important predicted, but so far uncharacterized, property of the new
superconductor MgB2 is electronic anisotropy arising from its layered crystal
structure. Here we report on three c-axis oriented thin films, showing that the
upper critical field anisotropy ratio Hc2par/Hc2perp is 1.8 to 2.0, the ratio
increasing with higher resistivity. Measurements of the magnetic
field-temperature phase diagram show that flux pinning disappears at H* ~
0.8Hc2perp(T) in untextured samples. Hc2par(0) is strongly enhanced by alloying
to 39 T for the highest resistivity film, more than twice that seen in bulk
samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4016 </DOCNO>
Time Reversal for Classical Waves in Random Media


  We propose a mathematical theory for the refocusing properties observed in
time-reversal experiments, where classical waves propagate through a medium,
are recorded in time, then time-reversed and sent back into the medium. The
salient feature of such experiments is that the refocusing quality of the
time-reversed reemitted signals is greatly enhanced when the underlying medium
is heterogeneous. Based on the Wigner transform formalism, we show that random
media indeed greatly improve refocusing. We analyze two different types of
random media, where in the limit of high frequencies, the Wigner transform
satisfies a random Liouville equation or a linear transport equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1383 </DOCNO>
A ferromagnet with a glass transition


  We introduce a finite-connectivity ferromagnetic model with a three-spin
interaction which has a crystalline (ferromagnetic) phase as well as a glass
phase. The model is not frustrated, it has a ferromagnetic equilibrium phase at
low temperature which is not reached dynamically in a quench from the
high-temperature phase. Instead it shows a glass transition which can be
studied in detail by a one step replica-symmetry broken calculation. This spin
model exhibits the main properties of the structural glass transition at a
solvable mean-field level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174644 </DOCNO>
Experimental signals of the first phase transition of nuclear matter


  Vaporized and multifragmenting sources produced in heavy ion collisions at
intermediate energies are good candidates to investigate the phase diagram of
nuclear matter. The properties of highly excited nuclear sources which undergo
a simultaneous disassembly into particles are found to sign the presence of a
gas phase. For heavy nuclear sources produced in the Fermi energy domain, which
undergo a simultaneous disassembly into particles and fragments, a fossil
signal (fragment size correlations) reveals the origin of
multifragmentation:spinodal instabilities which develop in the unstable
coexistence region of the phase diagram of nuclear matter. Studies of
fluctuations give a direct signature of a first order phase transition through
measurements of a negative microcanonical heat capacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169400 </DOCNO>
Quantum Stationary Hamilton Jacobi Equation in 3-D for symmetrical


  We establish the quantum stationary Hamilton-Jacobi equation in 3-D and its
solutions for three symmetrical potentials, Cartesian symmetry potential,
spherical symmetry potential and cylindrical symmetry potential. For the two
last potentials, a new interpretation of the Spin is proposed within the
framework of trajectory representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5454 </DOCNO>
Spin filtering by ferromagnetic nanowires


  We show that electrical current flowing through nanowires made of
ferromagnetic disordered alloys can become highly spin polarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1868 </DOCNO>
Theoretical confirmation of Feynman's Hypothesis on the creation of


  The changes observed in the topology of superfluid helium vortices have
intrigued people for some time now [1]. These vortices either extend from wall
to wall, however tangled they may be in between, or else can be roughly
circular and freely move around the superfluid [1]. Some time ago, Richard
Feynman postulated that two oppositely polarized line vortices could, if they
cross at two points, reconnect so as to create a circular vortex that snaps off
and subsequently lives a life of its own [2]. This is often simply postulated
in numerical experiments, e.g. [1], [3]. That an opposite line vortex pair
solution of the Nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS) for HeII is unstable has
been demonstrated theoretically [4]. Reconnection at a point has been obtained
numerically [5]. What remained to prove was that known, stationary, double
vortex line solutions can thus reproduce one of the one parameter solitonic
family of solutions for circular vortices as found for NLS [6]. In other words,
can this reconnection really lead to a full confirmation of Feynman's
hypothesis? Our first step was a similar changeover calculation for a limiting
case, unfortunately such that the vortex configuration was degenerate [7], [8].
However, surprisingly complete dynamic changeover from cylindrical to spherical
symmetry of the soliton was observed in [7]. This augured well for the present
effort.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98892 </DOCNO>
Hypergeometric Solutions of the qKZ Equation at Level Zero


  We discuss relations between different integral formulae for solutions of the
quantized Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov (qKZ) equation at level zero in the
$U_q(sl_2)$ case for $|q|<1$. Smirnov type formulae of M.Jimbo et al. are
derived from the general approach of A.Varchenko and the author. The
consideration is parallel to the qKZ equation in the rational $sl_2$ case done
by A.Nakayashiki, S.Pakuliak and the author [q-alg/9712002].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7365 </DOCNO>
Non local Thirring model with backward and umklapp interactions


  We extend a non local and non covariant version of the Thirring model in
order to describe a many-body system with backward and umklapp scattering
processes. We express the vacuum to vacuum functional in terms of a non trivial
fermionic determinant. Using path-integral methods we find a bosonic
representation for this determinant which allows us to obtain an effective
action for the collective excitations of the system. By introducing a non local
version of the self-consistent harmonic approximation, we get an expression for
the gap of the charge-density excitations as functional of arbitrary
electron-electron potentials. As an example we also consider the case of a non
contact umklapp interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123762 </DOCNO>
The X-ray view of the quasar MR2251-178 and its host cluster:


  (abridged) MR2251-178 was the first quasar initially discovered in X-rays,
and the first one found to host a warm absorber. The quasar turned out to be an
outstanding object in many respects. It has a high ratio of X-ray/optical
luminosity, is surrounded by the largest quasar emission-line nebula known, and
is located in the outskirts of a cluster of galaxies. Here, we present results
from an analysis of the X-ray spectral, temporal, and spatial properties of
this source and its environment based on deep ROSAT observations.
  Remarkably, we do not detect any excess X-ray cold absorption expected to
originate from the giant gas nebula surrounding MR2251-178. This excludes the
presence of a huge HI envelope around the quasar. The X-ray spectrum of
MR2251-178 is best fit by a warm-absorbed powerlaw with an ionization parameter
log U = 0.5 and a column density log N_w = 22.6 which, however, cannot be the
same material as the giant optical emission line nebula. The mean (0.1--2.4)keV
X-ray luminosity amounts to 10^{45} erg/s.
  A spatial analysis shows that the bulk of the X-ray emission from the quasar
is consistent with a point source, as expected in view of the powerlaw-shaped
X-ray spectrum and the rapid X-ray variability we detect. In addition, extended
emission appears at weak emission levels, including a bridge between the quasar
and the cD galaxy of the cluster.
  The X-ray emission from the intra-cluster medium is weak or absent. None of
the other member galaxies of the cluster to which MR 2251-178 belongs, are
detected in X-rays. However, east of the quasar there is a significant excess
of X-ray sources, several of them without optical counterparts on the UK
Schmidt plates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128534 </DOCNO>
Glitches Induced by the Core Superfluid


  The long-term evolution of the relative rotation of the core superfluid in a
neutron star with respect to the rest of the star, at different radial
distances from the rotation axis, is determined through model calculations. The
core superfluid rotates at a different rate (faster, in young pulsars), while
spinning down at the same steady-state rate as the rest of the star, because of
the assumed pinning between the superfluid vortices and the superconductor
fluxoids. We find that the magnitude of this rotational lag changes with time
and also depends on the distance from the rotation axis; the core superfluid
supports an evolving pattern of differential rotation. We argue that the
predicted change of the lag might occur as discrete events which could result
in a sudden rise of the spin frequency of the crust of a neutron star, as is
observed at glitches in radio pulsars. This new possibility for the triggering
cause of glitches in radio pulsars is further supported by an estimate of the
total predicted excess angular momentum reservoir of the core superfluid. The
model seems to offer also resolutions for some other aspects of the
observational data on glitches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148587 </DOCNO>
Remarks on Screening in a Gauge-Invariant Formalism


  In this paper we display a direct and physically attractive derivation of the
screening contribution to the interaction potential in the Chiral Schwinger
model and generalized Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge theory. It is shown that these
results emerge naturally when a correct separation between gauge-invariant and
gauge degrees of freedom is made. Explicit expressions for gauge-invariant
fields are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6466 </DOCNO>
Itinerant-electron Ferromagnetism in W(Nb)O3-d


  The crystal structure and the magnetic properties of the W1-xNbxO3-d,
(x<0.03) system have been investigated. In contrast to the orthorhombic
diamagnetic WO3, the material with x=0.01 is paramagnetic down to 5 K.
Introducing of 2.5 at. % of Nb into WO3 leads to a tetragonal structure and to
a weak itinerant ferromagnetic ordering below TC= 225 K. The saturation
magnetic moment at 5 K is 1.07*10-3 mB, whereas the paramagnetic effective
moment is 0.06 mB per mole. This high ratio indicates itinerant ferromagnetism
in W0.975Nb0.025O3-d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123651 </DOCNO>
A Three Micron Survey of the Chamaeleon I Dark Cloud


  We describe an L-band photometric survey of 0.5 square deg of the Cha I dark
cloud. The survey has a completeness limit of L < 11.0. Our survey detects 124
sources, including all known pre-main sequence stars with L < 11. The fraction
of sources with near-IR excess emission is 58% +- 4% for K = 9-11. Cha I
sources have bluer H-K and K-L colors than pre-main sequence stars in
Taurus-Auriga. These sources also have a strong correlation between EW(H-alpha)
and K-L. Stars with K-L < 0.6 have weak H-alpha emission; stars with K-L > 0.6
have strong H-alpha emission. Because many Cha I sources are heavily reddened,
this division between weak emission T Tauri stars and classical T Tauri stars
occurs at a redder K-L than in Taurus-Auriga.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2197 </DOCNO>
Low-frequency flux noise and visualization of vortices in a YBa2Cu3O7 dc


  We used low-temperature scanning electron microscopy (LTSEM) for imaging
quantized magnetic flux (vortices) in direct current (dc) superconducting
quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) with approximately 1 micron spatial
resolution at temperature T=77 K in a controllable magnetic field up to 20
microTesla. We demonstrate that LTSEM allows to image the spatial distribution
of vortices in a YBa2Cu3O7/SrTiO3/YBa2Cu3O7 multilayer thin-film structure
consisting of a dc SQUID washer with an integrated input coil on top.
Simultaneously, we are able to measure the low-frequency noise of the sample
under test, which allows to correlate the spatial distribution of vortices with
low-frequency noise in the SQUID.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125476 </DOCNO>
RXTE observations of single pulses of PSR B0531+21 I: Flux variations


  This article is the first in the series that analyze about 1.87 million
periods of PSR B0531+21 (Crab pulsar), observed by the PCA detector aboard the
RXTE x-ray observatory. The Crab pulsar's x-ray light curve shows little
variation over time scales ranging from days to a period (33.46 milli seconds).
The standard deviation of its x-ray flux variation is $\approx$ 0.7% of its
mean value, which is negligible compared to its radio flux variations. The
phase resolved power spectrum of pulse to pulse x-ray flux variation shows no
spectral feature; an upper limit to the peak of any possible broad spectral
feature is 0.06% of the mean power. The x-ray fluxes in the two components of
its integrated profile are unrelated to each other; their linear correlation
coefficient is 0.0004$\pm$0.0010. ``Giant pulses'' that are routinely seen at
radio wavelengths are absent here. This work sets very strong constraints on
the connection (if any) between the flux variations at radio and x-ray
energies, for example due to variation in the degree of coherence of the basic
emitters. Its phase resolved x-ray flux variation shows a weak correlation with
the integrated profile. If confirmed, this might be an important clue to
understanding the x-ray emission mechanism of Crab pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114023 </DOCNO>
Algorithm for Finding Optimal Gene Sets in Microarray Prediction


  Motivation: Microarray data has been recently been shown to be efficacious in
distinguishing closely related cell types that often appear in the diagnosis of
cancer. It is useful to determine the minimum number of genes needed to do such
a diagnosis both for clinical use and to determine the importance of specific
genes for cancer. Here a replication algorithm is used for this purpose. It
evolves an ensemble of predictors, all using different combinations of genes to
generate a set of optimal predictors.
  Results: We apply this method to the leukemia data of the Whitehead/MIT group
that attempts to differentially diagnose two kinds of leukemia, and also to
data of Khan et. al. to distinguish four different kinds of childhood cancers.
In the latter case we were able to reduce the number of genes needed from 96
down to 15, while at the same time being able to perfectly classify all of
their test data.
  Availability: http://stravinsky.ucsc.edu/josh/gesses/
  Contact: josh@physics.ucsc.edu

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124242 </DOCNO>
Impact of Gas Removal on the Evolution of Embedded Clusters


  We study both analytically and numerically the disruptive effect of
instantaneous gas removal from an embedded cluster. We setup a calculation
based on the stellar velocity distribution function, to compute the fraction of
stars that remain bound once the cluster has ejected the gas and is out of
equilibrium. We find tracks of bound mass-fraction vs star formation efficiency
similar to those obtained with N-body calculations. We use these to argue that
embedded clusters must develop high-binding energy cores if they are to survive
as bound clusters despite a star formation rate as low as 20 per cent or lower
suggested by observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7014 </DOCNO>
Generalized thermodynamics of q-deformed bosons and fermions


  We study the thermostatistics of q-deformed bosons and fermions obeying the
symmetric algebra and show that it can be built on the formalism of q-calculus.
The entire structure of thermodynamics is preserved if ordinary derivatives are
replaced by an appropriate Jackson derivative. In this framework, we derive the
most important thermodynamic functions describing the q-boson and q-fermion
ideal gases in the thermodynamic limit. We also investigate the semi-classical
limit and the low temperature regime and demonstrate that the nature of the
q-deformation gives rise to pure quantum statistical effects stronger than
undeformed boson and fermion particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148905 </DOCNO>
Wound D-branes in Gepner Models


  We propose a new prescription of how to represent D-branes in Gepner models
in more general homology classes than those in the previous constructions. The
central role is played by a certain projection acting on the
Recknagel-Schomerus boundary states. Consequently, the boundary states are in
most cases no longer a sum of products of N=2 Ishibashi states, but
nevertheless preserve spacetime supersymmetry and satisfy the Cardy condition.
We demonstrate these in the (k=1)^3 Gepner model in detail, and construct
boundary states for D-branes wound around arbitrary rigid 1-cycles on the
corresponding 2-torus. We also emphasize the necessity of some angle-dependent
transformations in identifying a proper free-field realization for each brane
tilted at an angle. In particular, this is essential for the Witten index to
give the correct intersection numbers between the different D-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75145 </DOCNO>
Gluon-fusion contributions to Higgs plus two-jet production


  Real emission corrections to Higgs production via gluon fusion, at order
alpha_s^4, lead to a Higgs plus two-jet final state. We present the calculation
of these scattering amplitudes, as induced by top-quark triangle-, box- and
pentagon-loop diagrams. These diagrams are evaluated analytically for arbitrary
top mass m_t. We study the renormalization and factorization scale-dependence
of the resulting H + 2 jet cross section, and discuss phenomenologically
important distributions at the LHC. The gluon fusion results are compared to
expectations for weak-boson fusion cross sections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6363 </DOCNO>
Generalized Ensemble Simulations for Complex Systems


  The most efficient MC weights for the calculation of physical, canonical
expectation values are not necessarily those of the canonical ensemble. The use
of suitably generalized ensembles can lead to a much faster convergence of the
simulation. Although not realized by nature, these ensembles can be implemented
on computers. In recent years generalized ensembles have in particular been
studied for the simulation of complex systems. For these systems it is typical
that conflicting constraints lead to free energy barriers, which fragment the
configuration space. Examples of major interest are spin glasses and proteins.
In my overview I first comment on the strengths and weaknesses of a few major
approaches, multicanonical simulations, transition variable methods, and
parallel tempering. Subsequently, two applications are presented: a new
analysis of the Parisi overlap distribution for the 3d Edwards-Anderson Ising
spin glass and the helix-coil transition of amino-acid homo-oligomers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148932 </DOCNO>
D-branes and Vector Bundles on Calabi-Yau Manifolds: a view from the


  We review some recent results on D-branes on Calabi-Yau (CY) manifolds. We
show the existence of structures (helices and quivers) which enable one to make
statements about large families of D-branes in various phases of the Gauged
Linear Sigma Model (GLSM) associated with the CY manifold. A comparison of the
quivers of two phases leads to the prediction that certain D-brane
configurations will decay as one moves across phases. We discuss how boundary
fermions can be used to realise various D-brane configurations associated with
coherent sheaves in the GLSM with boundary.
  This is based on the talk presented by S.G. at Strings 2001, Mumbai.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113987 </DOCNO>
Variational description of the Helium trimer using correlated


  A variational wave function constructed with correlated Hyperspherical
Harmonic functions is used to describe the Helium trimer. This system is known
to have a deep bound state. In addition, different potential models predict the
existence of a shallow excited state that has been identified as an Efimov
state. Using the Rayleigh-Ritz variational principle the energies and wave
functions of both bound states have been obtained by solving a generalized
eigenvalue problem. The introduction of a suitable correlation factor reduces
considerably the dimension of the basis needed to accurately describe the
structure of the system. The most recent helium-helium interactions have been
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75666 </DOCNO>
CP Symmetry Violation


  An elementary description of CP violation for the non-specialist is
presented. This article, for publication in {\it Macmillan Encylopedia of
Physics, Supplement: Elementary Particle Physics}, is being submitted to the
Archive for comments by colleagues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99095 </DOCNO>
An estimate of the number of zeros of abelian integrals for special


  We consider a real polynomial H(x,y)=p(x)+q(y), where p and q are monic
polynomials of degree n+1>2 with critical values contained in unit disc, such
that the critical values of the polynomial H are distinct and are "not too
close to each other": the distance between any two of them is at least 1/(n*n).
Suppose that there exists a pair of real neighbor critical values a,b of H such
that for any t in (a,b) there exists a closed curve G(t) in the real level
curve H(x,y)=t.
  For a deformation of the hamiltonian vector field with the hamiltonian H in
the class of real polynomial vector fields of the same degree, we give an
explicit estimate (depending on n) of the number of the curves G(t) that can
generate limit cycles of the perturbed field. More precisely, we show that an
abelian integral over G(t) of a real polynomial 1- form of degree not greater
than n can have at most exp(cn*n*n*n) isolated zeroes in the interval (a,b), as
a function in t. The constant c is independent on n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148703 </DOCNO>
A Comment on the K-theory Meaning of the Topology of Gauge Fixing


  Based on the recently discovered K-theory description of D-branes in string
theory a K-theory interpretation of the topology of gauge conditions for four
dimensional gauge theories, in particular 't Hooft abelian projection, is
presented. The interpretation of the dyon effect in terms of K^{-1} is also
discussed. In the context of type IIA strings, D-p branes are also interpreted
as gauge fixing singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97638 </DOCNO>
Nonabelian Multiplicative Cellular Automata


  If M is a monoid (e.g. the lattice Z^D), and G is a finite (nonabelian)
group, then G^M is a compact group; a `multiplicative cellular automaton' (MCA)
is a continuous transformation F:G^M-->G^M which commutes with all shift maps,
and where nearby coordinates are combined using the multiplication operation of
G.
  We characterize when MCA are group endomorphisms of G^M, and show that MCA on
G^M inherit a natural structure theory from the structure of G. We apply this
structure theory to compute the measurable entropy of MCA, and to study
convergence of initial measures to Haar measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6574 </DOCNO>
Stability of Monomer-Dimer Piles


  We measure how strong, localized contact adhesion between grains affects the
maximum static critical angle, theta_c, of a dry sand pile. By mixing dimer
grains, each consisting of two spheres that have been rigidly bonded together,
with simple spherical monomer grains, we create sandpiles that contain strong
localized adhesion between a given particle and at most one of its neighbors.
We find that tan(theta_c) increases from 0.45 to 1.1 and the grain packing
fraction, Phi, decreases from 0.58 to 0.52 as we increase the relative number
fraction of dimer particles in the pile, nu_d, from 0 to 1. We attribute the
increase in tan(theta_c(nu_d)) to the enhanced stability of dimers on the
surface, which reduces the density of monomers that need to be accomodated in
the most stable surface traps. A full characterization and geometrical
stability analysis of surface traps provides a good quantitative agreement
between experiment and theory over a wide range of nu_d, without any fitting
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124223 </DOCNO>
Resolving the Image of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows with Gravitational


  Microlensing of a gamma-ray burst afterglow by an intervening star can be
used to infer the radial structure of the afterglow image. Near the peak of the
microlensing event, the outer edge of the image is more highly magnified than
its central region, whereas the situation is reversed at later times due to the
rapid radial expansion of the image on the sky. Thus, the microlensed afterglow
light curve can be inverted to recover the self-similar radial intensity
profile of the afterglow image. We calculate the expected errors in the
recovered intensity profile as a function of the number of resolution elements,
under the assumption that the afterglow and microlensing event parameters are
known. For a point-mass lens and uniform source, we derive a simple scaling
relation between these parameters and the resultant errors. The afterglow need
not be monitored for its entire duration; rather, observations from the peak
magnification time t_p of the microlensing event until 7 t_p are sufficient to
resolve the majority of the image. Thus, microlensing events can be alerted by
relatively infrequent observations of afterglows and then monitored
intensively, without significant loss of information about the afterglow
intensity profile. The relative intensity profile of about 1% of all afterglows
can be measured with 10 resolution elements to an accuracy of 1% in the optical
and 10% in the infrared, using 4m-class telescopes. Weak microlensing events
with large impact parameters are more common; we estimate that for about 10% of
afterglows the image profile may be inverted to a fractional accuracy 20%
through frequent optical observations. We also calculate the effects of
external shear due to the host galaxy or a binary companion, and contamination
by background light from the host galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75404 </DOCNO>
BPS Walls and Junctions in SUSY Nonlinear Sigma Models


  BPS walls and junctions are studied in ${\cal N}=1$ SUSY nonlinear sigma
models in four spacetime dimensions. New BPS junction solutions connecting N
discrete vacua are found for nonlinear sigma models with several chiral scalar
superfields. A nonlinear sigma model with a single chiral scalar superfield is
also found which has a moduli space of the topology of $S^1$ and admits BPS
walls and junctions connecting arbitrary points in moduli space. SUSY condition
in nonlinear sigma models are classified either as stationary points of
superpotential or singularities of the K\"ahler metric in field space. The
total number of SUSY vacua is invariant under holomorphic field redefinitions
if we count ``runaway vacua'' also.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168540 </DOCNO>
Scheme for the preparation of the multi-particle entanglement in cavity


  Here we present a quantum electrodynamics (QED) model involving a
large-detuned single-mode cavity field and $n$ identical two-level atoms. One
of its applications for the preparation of the multi-particle states is
analyzed. In addition to the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, the W
class states can also be generated in this scheme. The further analysis for the
experiment of the model of $n=2$ case is also presented by considering the
possible three-atom collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95812 </DOCNO>
Some Navigation Rules for D-Brane Monodromy


  We explore some aspects of monodromies of D-branes in the Kahler moduli space
of Calabi-Yau compactifications. Here a D-brane is viewed as an object of the
derived category of coherent sheaves. We compute all the interesting
monodromies in some nontrivial examples and link our work to recent results and
conjectures concerning helices and mutations. We note some particular
properties of the 0-brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125548 </DOCNO>
The Far Infrared and Submillimeter Diffuse Extragalactic Background


  The cosmic infrared background (CIB) radiation was a long-sought fossil of
energetic processes associated with structure formation and chemical evolution
since the Big Bang. The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment (DIRBE) and
Far Infrared Absolute Spectrophotometer (FIRAS) were specifically designed to
search for this background from 1.25 microns to millimeter wavelengths. These
two instruments provided high quality, absolutely calibrated all-sky maps which
have enabled the first detections of the CIB, initially at far infrared and
submillimeter wavelengths, and more recently in the near infrared as well. The
aim of this paper is to review the status of determinations of the CIB based
upon COBE measurements. The results show that the energy in the CIB from far
infrared to millimeter wavelengths is comparable to that in the integrated
light of galaxies from UV to near infrared wavelengths: the universe had a
luminous but dusty past. On the assumption that nucleosynthesis in stars is the
energy source for most of this light, the results also imply that 1 to 8
percent of cosmic baryons has been converted to helium and heavier elements in
stars. The integrated background light from UV to millimeter wavelengths is
about 10 percent of that in the cosmic microwave background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3255 </DOCNO>
Transmission Probability for Interacting Electrons Connected to


  Transport through small interacting systems connected to noninteracting leads
is studied based on the Kubo formalism using a Eliashberg theory of the
analytic properties of the vertex part. The transmission probability, by which
the conductance is expressed as $g = (2e^2/h) \int d\epsilon 
  (- \partial f / \partial \epsilon) {\cal T}(\epsilon)$, is introduced for
interacting electrons. Here $f(\epsilon)$ is the Fermi function, and the
transmission probability ${\cal T}(\epsilon)$ is defined in terms of a current
vertex or a three-point correlation function. We apply this formulation to a
series of Anderson impurities of size N (=1,2,3,4), and calculate ${\cal
T}(\epsilon)$ using the order $U^2$ self-energy and current vertex which
satisfy a generalized Ward identity. The results show that ${\cal T}(\epsilon)$
has much information about the excitation spectrum: ${\cal T}(\epsilon)$ has
two broad peaks of the upper and lower Hubbard bands in addition to N resonant
peaks which have direct correspondence with the noninteracting spectrum. The
peak structures disappear at high temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83520 </DOCNO>
Optimal Moebius Transformations for Information Visualization and


  We give linear-time quasiconvex programming algorithms for finding a Moebius
transformation of a set of spheres in a unit ball or on the surface of a unit
sphere that maximizes the minimum size of a transformed sphere. We can also use
similar methods to maximize the minimum distance among a set of pairs of input
points. We apply these results to vertex separation and symmetry display in
spherical graph drawing, viewpoint selection in hyperbolic browsing, element
size control in conformal structured mesh generation, and brain flat mapping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7373 </DOCNO>
Thermal Folding and Mechanical Unfolding Pathways of Protein Secondary


  Mechanical stretching of secondary structures is studied through molecular
dynamics simulations of a Go-like model. Force vs. displacement curves are
studied as a function of the stiffness and velocity of the pulling device. The
succession of stretching events, as measured by the order in which contacts are
ruptured, is compared to the sequencing of events during thermal folding and
unfolding. Opposite cross-correlations are found for an $\alpha$-helix and a
$\beta$-hairpin structure. In a tandem of two $\alpha$-helices, the two
constituent helices unravel nearly simultaneously. A simple condition for
simultaneous vs. sequential unraveling of repeat units is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179696 </DOCNO>
Bound states of anti-nucleons in finite nuclei


  We study the bound states of anti-nucleons emerging from the lower continuum
in finite nuclei within the relativistic Hartree approach including the
contributions of the Dirac sea to the source terms of the meson fields. The
Dirac equation is reduced to two Schr\"{o}dinger-equivalent equations for the
nucleon and the anti-nucleon respectively. These two equations are solved
simultaneously in an iteration procedure.
 Numerical results show that the bound levels of anti-nucleons vary drastically
when the vacuum contributions are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1178 </DOCNO>
Ab initio Hartree-Fock with electronic correlation study of the


  We performed all-electron ab initio self-consistent field Hartree-Fock linear
combination of atomic orbital, in which electronic correlation using density
functional were included to perform electronic calculations in MgB2 new
superconductor. Superconductivity in this compound was correlated with
existence of Px,y band holes at Gamma point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124637 </DOCNO>
A Molecular Gas of z<0.2 Infrared-Excess, Optical QSOs


  Millimeter-wave (CO) observations of optically-selected QSOs are potentially
a powerful tool for studying the properties of both the QSOs and their host
galaxies. We summarize here a recent molecular gas survey of z<0.17 optical
QSOs with infrared (IR) excess, L_IR (8-1000 um) / L_bbb (0.1-1.0 um) > 0.36.
Eight of these QSOs have been detected to date in CO(1-0), and the derived
molecular gas masses are in the range 1.7-35x10^9 M_sun. The high L_IR / L'_CO
of QSOs relative to the bulk of the local (z<0.2) IR luminous galaxy merger
population is indicative of significant heating of dust (L_IR) by the QSO
nucleus and/or by massive stars created in the host galaxy with high efficiency
(i.e., per unit molecular gas, L'_CO).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125284 </DOCNO>
Specifying the Environments around GRB, Explaining the Fe line in the


  We present a model explaining the Fe K alpha line and the continuum in the
afterglow of GRB000214. We pose the importance to seek the physically natural
environment around GRB000214. For the reproduction of the observation, we need
the ring-like remnant around the progenitor like that of SN 1987A produced by
the mass-loss of the progenitor and the fireball spread over in every
directions. The observation of GRB000214, in which the continuum power law
spectrum decreased faster than the line, motivated us to consider the two
independent systems for the line emission and the continuum spectrum. At first,
the continuum spectrum can be fitted by the afterglow emission of the fireball
pointing toward the observer which does not collide with the ring because the
emission of GRB and the afterglow are highly collimated to the observer by the
relativistic beaming effect. Secondly, the line can be fitted by the
fluorescence of the Fe atoms in the ring illuminated by the X-ray afterglow.
The significance of this study is that our model may constrain strongly the GRB
model. Although the Supranova model assumes the extreme-ring-like remnant
produced by the usual supernova explosion, this may not be probable. It is
because the supernova remnants are known to be shell-like. The model also
assumes two steps of explosions, on the other hand, we need only one explosion
of the progenitor. In this sense, our scenario is more natural. Moreover, in
the numerical simulations of Hypernova, the jet of the opening angle of only 1
degree is generated. In our model, the fireball which spreads over in every
directions reconciles with the observation of 1 percent of the polarization in
the observation of SN1998bw which showed the explosion might not be so
collimated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2009 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic s-wave superconductivity in MgB_2


  It has recently been observed that MgB_2 is a superconductor with a high
transition temperature. Here we propose a model of anisotropic s-wave
superconductivity which consistently describes the observed properties of this
compound, including the thermodynamic and optical response in sintered MgB_2
wires. We also determine the shape of the quasiparticle density of states and
the anisotropy of the upper critical field and the superfluid density which
should be detectable once single-crystal samples become available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148557 </DOCNO>
Basis Optimization Renormalization Group for Quantum Hamiltonian


  We propose a renormalization group algorithm for quantum Hamiltonian to
calculate energy and wavefunctions of a small arbitrary number of low-lying
states in finite dimensional Hilbert space with high accuracy. This algorithm
is free from limitations associated with dimensionality and interaction types
of models. We also find analytic forms of renormalization group equations for
the ground state that provide convergence to the exact solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97813 </DOCNO>
Combinatorial proofs of q-series identities


  We provide combinatorial proofs of some of the q-series identities considered
by Andrews, Jimenez-Urroz and Ono [q-series identities and values of certain
$L$-functions. Duke Math. J. 108 (2001), no. 3, 395--419].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2005 </DOCNO>
Thermal conductivity of superconducting MgB2


  Thermal conductivity of superconducting MgB2 was studied in both the
superconducting and the normal state region. The latter is almost equally
determined by the electronic - and the lattice contribution to the total
thermal conductivity. In the superconducting state, however, the lattice
contribution is larger. The electronic thermal conductivity below Tc was
derived from the experimental data considering the Bardeen-Rickayzen-Tewordt
theory together with the model of Geilikman. The analysis shows that electron
scattering on static imperfections dominates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128661 </DOCNO>
Age Estimates for Globular Clusters in NGC 1399


  We present high signal-to-noise Keck spectra for 10 globular clusters
associated with the giant Fornax elliptical NGC 1399, and compare measured line
indices with current stellar population models. Our data convincingly
demonstrate, for the first time, that at least some of the clusters in a giant
elliptical galaxy have super-solar abundance ratios, similar to the host
galaxy. From Hbeta line-strengths the majority of clusters have ages of ~11
Gyrs (within 2sigma), which is similar to the luminosity-weighted stellar age
of NGC 1399. Two of the clusters (which also reveal enhanced abundance ratios)
show significantly higher Hbeta values than the others. It remains unclear
whether this is due to young (~2 Gyr) ages, or extremely old (> 15 Gyr) ages
with a warm blue horizontal branch. However a conflict with current
cosmological parameters is avoided if the young age is favored. Either
alternative indicates a complicated age distribution among the metal-rich
clusters and sets interesting constraints on their chemical enrichment at late
epochs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3928 </DOCNO>
Geometry of the Gauge Algebra in Noncommutative Yang-Mills Theory


  A detailed description of the infinite-dimensional Lie algebra of star-gauge
transformations in noncommutative Yang-Mills theory is presented. Various
descriptions of this algebra are given in terms of inner automorphisms of the
underlying deformed algebra of functions on spacetime, of deformed symplectic
diffeomorphisms, of the infinite unitary Lie algebra, and of the algebra of
compact operators on a quantum mechanical Hilbert space. The spacetime and
string interpretations are also elucidated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41322 </DOCNO>
Studies of K0S decays with the KLOE detector at DAFNE


  The KLOE detector at DAFNE has collected about 30 pb-1 by the end of year
2000,' allowing, among other things, accurate measurements on several decay
channels of the K0S meson.
  With data acquired in the year 2000 run we have measured the ratio of the
branching ratios of the K0S to two charged and neutral pions to 1.5 percent
accuracy.
  The branching ratio of the semileptonic decay of the K0S is also measured to
5 percent accuracy, the best measurement of this BR to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86684 </DOCNO>
The Principle of Symmetric Criticality in General Relativity


  We consider a version of Palais' Principle of Symmetric Criticality (PSC)
that is applicable to the Lie symmetry reduction of Lagrangian field theories.
PSC asserts that, given a group action, for any group-invariant Lagrangian the
equations obtained by restriction of Euler-Lagrange equations to
group-invariant fields are equivalent to the Euler-Lagrange equations of a
canonically defined, symmetry-reduced Lagrangian. We investigate the validity
of PSC for local gravitational theories built from a metric. It is shown that
there are two independent conditions which must be satisfied for PSC to be
valid. One of these conditions, obtained previously in the context of
transverse symmetry group actions, provides a generalization of the well-known
unimodularity condition that arises in spatially homogeneous cosmological
models. The other condition seems to be new. The conditions that determine the
validity of PSC are equivalent to pointwise conditions on the group action
alone. These results are illustrated with a variety of examples from general
relativity. It is straightforward to generalize all of our results to any
relativistic field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124419 </DOCNO>
Star formation and chemical evolution of damped Lyman $\alpha$ systems


  In this paper, we investigate the star formation and chemical evolution of
damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems (DLAs) based on the disc galaxy formation model
which is developed by Mo, Mao & White. We propose that the DLAs are the central
galaxies of less massive dark haloes present at redshifts $z\sim 3$, and they
should inhabit haloes of moderately low circular velocity. The empirical
Schmidt law of star formation rates, and closed box model of chemical evolution
that an approximation known as instantaneous recycling is assumed, are adopted.
In our models, when the predicted distribution of metallicity for DLAs is
calculated, two cases are considered. One is that, using the closed box model,
empirical Schmidt law and star formation time, the distribution of metallicity
can be directly calculated. The other is that, when the simple gravitational
instability of a thin isothermal gas disc as first discussed by Toomre is
considered, the star formation occurs only in the region where the surface
density of gas satisfies the critical value, not everywhere of a gas disc. We
assume that star formation in each DLA lasts for a period of 1 Gyr from
redshifts $z=3$. There is only one output parameter in our models, i.e. the
stellar yield, which relates to the time of star formation history and is
obtained by normalizing the predicted distribution of metallicity to the mean
value of 1/13 $Z_{\odot}$ as presented by Pettini et al. The predicted
metallicity distribution is consistent with the current (rather limited)
observational data. A random distribution of galactic discs is taken into
account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75800 </DOCNO>
A Next-to-Leading-Order Study of Dihadron Production


  The production of pairs of hadrons in hadronic collisions is studied using a
next-to-leading-order Monte Carlo program based on the phase space slicing
technique. Up-to-date fragmentation functions based on fits to LEP data are
employed, together with several versions of current parton distribution
functions. Good agreement is found with data for the dihadron mass
distribution. A comparison is also made with data for the dihadron angular
distribution. The scale dependence of the predictions and the dependence on the
choices made for the fragmentation and parton distribution functions are also
presented. The good agreement between theory and experiment is contrasted to
the case for single $\pi^0$ production where significant deviations between
theory and experiment have been observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168635 </DOCNO>
On entanglement-assisted classical capacity


  This paper is essentially a lecture from the author's course on quantum
information theory, which is devoted to the result of C. H. Bennett, P. W.
Shor, J. A. Smolin and A. V. Thapliyal (quant-ph/0106052) concerning
entanglement-assisted classical capacity of a quantum channel. A modified proof
of this result is given and relation between entanglement-assisted and
unassisted classical capacities is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95971 </DOCNO>
Lattice gauge theories and the Florentino conjecture


  We study the relation between the space of representation classes of the
fundamental group of a Riemann surface and gauge theory on trivalent graphs. We
construct a partial gauge fixing in the latter gauge theory. As an application
we get a proof of a conjecture of Florentino.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126425 </DOCNO>
Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Group and in the Local Volume


  After summarizing the characteristics of different types of dwarf galaxies I
briefly review our current state of knowledge of dwarf galaxy evolution in the
Local Group, for which we now have a fairly detailed although by no means
comprehensive picture. All Local Group dwarfs studied to date contain an old
population, though its fraction varies considerably. The majority of the dwarf
companions of the Milky Way shows evidence for a common epoch of ancient star
formation. Spatial variations in star formation are frequently observed in many
dwarf galaxies in the Local Group and beyond. These spatial variations range
from a seemingly stochastic distribution of star-forming regions in gas-rich,
high-mass dwarfs to radial gradients in low-mass dwarfs. The global mode of
star formation may be either continuous with amplitude variations or episodic.
High-mass dwarf galaxies tend to form stars over a Hubble time, whereas
low-mass dwarfs eventually cease to form stars, possibly aided by environmental
effects. Much less is known about the content and properties of dwarf galaxies
in the Local Volume, which we are trying to remedy through a large
observational effort. Dwarf galaxies in the Local Volume follow a similar trend
with absolute magnitude, mean metallicity, and central surface brightness as
the Local Group dwarfs do, and appear to be subject to morphological
segregation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86235 </DOCNO>
Cosmology, Particles, and the Unity of Science


  During the last three decades, there has been a growing realization among
physicists and cosmologists that the relation between particle physics and
cosmology may constitute yet another successful example of the unity of
science. However, there are important conceptual problems in the unification of
the two disciplines, e.g. in connection with the cosmological constant and the
conjecture of inflation. The present article will outline some of these
problems, and argue that the victory for the unity of science in the context of
cosmology and particle physics is still far from obvious.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126935 </DOCNO>
A Wavelet-Based Algorithm for the Spatial Analysis of Poisson Data


  Wavelets are scaleable, oscillatory functions that deviate from zero only
within a limited spatial regime and have average value zero. In addition to
their use as source characterizers, wavelet functions are rapidly gaining
currency within the source detection field. Wavelet-based source detection
involves the correlation of scaled wavelet functions with binned,
two-dimensional image data. If the chosen wavelet function exhibits the
property of vanishing moments, significantly non-zero correlation coefficients
will be observed only where there are high-order variations in the data; e.g.,
they will be observed in the vicinity of sources.
  In this paper, we describe the mission-independent, wavelet-based source
detection algorithm WAVDETECT, part of the CIAO software package. Aspects of
our algorithm include: (1) the computation of local, exposure-corrected
normalized (i.e. flat-fielded) background maps; (2) the correction for exposure
variations within the field-of-view; (3) its applicability within the
low-counts regime, as it does not require a minimum number of background counts
per pixel for the accurate computation of source detection thresholds; (4) the
generation of a source list in a manner that does not depend upon a detailed
knowledge of the point spread function (PSF) shape; and (5) error analysis.
These features make our algorithm considerably more general than previous
methods developed for the analysis of X-ray image data, especially in the low
count regime. We demonstrate the algorithm's robustness by applying it to
various images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124118 </DOCNO>
Optical Identification of the X-ray Burster in the Globular Cluster


  We have obtained exposures of the field of X0512-401 in the globular cluster
NGC1851, in X-rays with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and in the far-UV with
the Hubble Space Telescope. We derive an accurate new X-ray position within ~1"
for X0512-401, which enables us to confirm that the only plausible candidate
for the optical/UV counterpart is the Star A, which we previously identified
from WFPC2 imaging. We find no evidence for X-ray or UV flux modulation on the
ultra-short (<1 hr) expected binary period, which implies a low system
inclination. In addition, we have detected and spatially resolved an X-ray
burst event, confirming the association of the burster, quiescent X-ray source,
and optical object. The very large Lx/Lopt of this object implies an
extraordinarily compact system, similar to the sources in NGC6624 and NGC6712.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86444 </DOCNO>
Chaos and Gravitational Waves


  The gravitational waveforms of a chaotic system will exhibit sensitive
dependence on initial conditions. The waveforms of nearby orbits decohere on a
timescale fixed by the largest Lyapunov exponent of the orbit. The loss of
coherence has important observational consequences for systems where the
Lyapunov timescale is short compared to the chirp timescale. Detectors that
rely on matched filtering techniques will be unable to detect gravitational
waves from these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 288 </DOCNO>
Strong electrostatic interactions in spherical colloidal systems


  We investigate spherical macroions in the strong Coulomb coupling regime
within the primitive model in salt-free environment. We first show that the
ground state of an isolated colloid is naturally overcharged by simple
electrostatic arguments illustrated by the Gillespie rule. We furthermore
demonstrate that in the strong Coulomb coupling this mechanism leads to ionized
states and thus to long range attractions between like-charged spheres. We use
molecular dynamics simulations to study in detail the counterion distribution
for one and two highly charged colloids for the ground state as well as for
finite temperatures. We compare our results in terms of a simple version of a
Wigner crystal theory and find excellent qualitative and quantitative
agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126690 </DOCNO>
Clumpy outer Galaxy molecular clouds and the steepening of the IMF


  We report the results of high-resolution (~0.2 pc) CO(1-0) and CS(2-1)
observations of the central regions of three star-forming molecular clouds in
the far-outer Galaxy (~16 kpc from the Galactic Center): WB89 85 (Sh 2-127),
WB89 380, and WB89 437. We used the BIMA array in combination with IRAM 30-m
and NRAO 12-m observations. The GMC's in which the regions are embedded were
studied by means of KOSMA 3-m CO(2-1) observations. The properties the CO and
CS clumps are analyzed and compared with newly derived results of previously
published single-dish measurements of local clouds (OrionB South and Rosette).
We find that the slopes of the clump mass distributions (-1.28 and -1.49, for
WB89 85 and WB89 380, respectively) are somewhat less steep than found for most
local clouds, but similar to those of clouds which have been analyzed with the
same clumpfind program. We investigate the clump stability by using the virial
theorem, including all possible contributions (gravity, turbulence, magnetic
fields, and pressure due to the interclump gas). It appears that under
reasonable assumptions a combination of these forces would render most clumps
stable. Comparing only gravity and turbulence, we find that in the far-outer
Galaxy clouds, these forces are in equilibium (virial parameter alpha~1) for
clumps down to the lowest masses found (a few Msol). For clumps in the local
clouds alpha~1 only for clumps with masses larger than a few tens of Msol. Thus
it appears that in these outer Galaxy clumps gravity is the dominant force down
to a much lower mass than in local clouds, implying that gravitational collapse
and star formation may occur more readily even in the smallest clumps. Although
there are some caveats, due to the inhomogeneity of the data used, this might
explain the apparently steeper IMF found in the outer Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113578 </DOCNO>
S-, P- and D-wave resonances in positronium-sodium and


  Scattering of positronium (Ps) by sodium and potassium atoms has been
investigated employing a three-Ps-state coupled-channel model with Ps(1s,2s,2p)
states using a time-reversal-symmetric regularized electron-exchange model
potential fitted to reproduce accurate theoretical results for PsNa and PsK
binding energies. We find a narrow S-wave singlet resonance at 4.58 eV of width
0.002 eV in the Ps-Na system and at 4.77 eV of width 0.003 eV in the Ps-K
system. Singlet P-wave resonances in both systems are found at 5.07 eV of width
0.3 eV. Singlet D-wave structures are found at 5.3 eV in both systems. We also
report results for elastic and Ps-excitation cross sections for Ps scattering
by Na and K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179448 </DOCNO>
Two-body relaxation times in heated nuclei


  The retardation and temperature effects in two-body collisions are studied.
The collision integral with retardation effects is obtained on the base of the
Kadanoff- Baym equations for Green functions in a form with allowance for
reaching the local equilibrium system. The collisional relaxation times of
collective vibrations are calculated using both the transport approach and
doorway state mechanism with hierarchy of particle-hole configurations in
heated nuclei. The relaxation times of the kinetic method are rather slowly
dependent on multipolarity of the Fermi surface distortion and mode of the
collective motion. The dependence of the relaxation times on temperature as
well as on frequency of collective vibrations is considered and compared. It is
shown that variations of the in-medium two-body cross-sections with energy lead
to non-quadratic dependence of the collisional relaxation time both on
temperature and on collective motion frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113420 </DOCNO>
Helical close packings of ideal ropes


  Closely packed conformations of helices formed on the ideal rope are
considered. The pitch versus radius relations which define a closely packed
helix are determined. The relations stem from the turn-to-turn distance and
curvature limiting conditions. Plots of the relations are shown to cross each
other. The physical sense of the crossing point is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96551 </DOCNO>
Filtered Topological Cyclic Homology and relative K-theory of nilpotent


  In this paper we examine certain filtrations of topological Hochschild
homology and topological cyclic homology. As an example we show how the
filtration with respect to a nilpotent ideal gives rise to an analog of a
theorem of Goodwillie saying that rationally relative K-theory and relative
cyclic homology agree. Our variation says that the p-torsion parts agree in a
range of degrees. We use it to compute K_i(Z/p^m) for i < p-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128546 </DOCNO>
Deep Submillimeter Imaging of Dust Structures in Centaurus A


  Images covering the central 450 by 100 arcsecond (about 8.0 by 2.0 kpc) of
NGC 5128 (Centaurus A) obtained using SCUBA at 850 and 450 micron with beam
sizes of 14.5 and 8 arcsecond respectively, are presented. These data are
compared with those obtained at other wavelengths, in particular the optical,
mid-infrared, and far-infrared continuum. The sensitive 850 and 450 micron
images show that the submillimeter (submm) continuum morphology and spectral
index distribution of Centaurus A comprise four regions: an unresolved AGN
core, an inner jet interacting with gas in the dust lane, an inner disk of
radius roughly 90 arcsecond, and colder outer dust. The inner disk has a high
surface brightness, reverse-S-shaped feature in the 850 and 450 micron images
that coincides with the regions of intense 7 and 15 micron continuum and a
region of active star-formation. The infrared (IR) and submm images appear to
reveal the same material as predicted by a geometric warped disk model
consisting of tilted rings. We suggest this scenario is more plausible than
that recently proposed in literature suggesting that the mid-IR emission in
Centaurus A is primarily from a bar, with a structure that is different from
the extended warped disk alone. A dust mass total of 2.2 million solar masses
has been calculated within a radius of 225 arcsecond, 45% of which is in the
star-forming region of radius about 90 arcsecond about the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125980 </DOCNO>
An observability study for the tentatively identified 3EG sources likely


  We present a compilation of data on the 22 tentatively identified gamma-ray
sources from the Third EGRET Catalog which may be detected by the
next-generation imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86184 </DOCNO>
Properties of Bel currents


  The Bel tensor is divergence-free in some important cases leading to the
existence of conserved currents associated to Killing vectors analogously to
those of the energy-momentum tensor. When the divergence of the Bel tensor does
not vanish one can study the interchange of some quantities between the
gravitational and other fields obtaining mixed total conserved currents.
Nevertheless, the Bel currents are shown to be conserved (independently of the
matter content) if the Killing vectors satisfy some very general conditions.
These properties are similar to some very well known statements for the
energy-momentum tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148266 </DOCNO>
Linear equations of motion for massless particles of any spin in any


  It is proven that the Poincare symmetry determines equations of motion, which
are for massless particles of any spin in d-dimensional spaces linear in the
momentum. The proof is made only for even d and for fields with no gauge
symmetry. We comment on a few examples. We pay attention only to spin degrees
of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41700 </DOCNO>
Fermion pair production at LEP2 and interpretations


  Preliminary results on $e^+ e^- \to f \bar{f}$, $f=e, \mu, \tau, q$,
including all LEP2 data are discussed. Good agreement is found with the
Standard Model up to the highest energies. Limits on possible new physics are
extracted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75642 </DOCNO>
Spacetime as a membrane in higher dimensions


  By means of a simple model we investigate the possibility that spacetime is a
membrane embedded in higher dimensions. We present cosmological solutions of
d-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory which compactify to two dimensions. These
solutions are analytically continued to obtain dual solutions in which a
(d-2)-dimensional Einstein spacetime "membrane" is embedded in d-dimensions.
The membrane solutions generalise Melvin's 4-dimensional flux tube solution.
The flat membrane is shown to be classically stable. It is shown that there are
zero mode solutions of the d-dimensional Dirac equation which are confined to a
neighbourhood of the membrane and move within it like massless chiral
(d-2)-dimensional fermions. An investigation of the spectrum of scalar
perturbations shows that a well-defined mass gap between the zero modes and
massive modes can be obtained if there is a positive cosmological term in (d-2)
dimensions or a negative cosmological term in d dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97092 </DOCNO>
Leibniz Homology, Characteristic Classes and K-theory


  In this paper we identify many striking elements in Leibniz (co)homology
which arise from characteristic classes and K-theory. For a group G a field k
of characteristic zero, it is shown that all primary characteristic classes,
i.e. H^*(BG; k), naturally inject into certain Leibniz cohomology groups via an
explicit chain map. Moreover, if f: A \to B is a homomorphism of algebras or
rigns, the relative Leibniz homology groups HL_*(f) are defined, and if in
addition f is surjective with nilpotent kernel, A and B algebras over the
rationals, then there is a natural surjection
  HL_{*+1}(gl(f)) \to HC_*(f), where HC_*(f) denotes relative cyclic homology,
and gl(f): gl(A) \to gl(B) is the induced map on matrices. Here again, the
surjection is realized via an explicit chain map, and offers a relation between
Leibniz homology and K-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114274 </DOCNO>
The Bates Linear Accelerator Transmitter Phase and Amplitude Monitoring


  The Bates Linear Accelerator uses six 4MW 2.856GHz RF transmitters. Phase
drifts between the transmitters 12 klystrons of greater than 0.5 degree or any
amplitude drifts compromise beam delivery and are a common occurrence. Machine
operators in years previous to the Phase and Amplitude Monitoring system "PAM"
were unable to tell which klystron was affecting beam and resorted to shifting
the phases of each klystron experimentally. The PAM system has proven itself as
a viable monitor, easing phase re-adjustment. PAM is comprised of off-the-shelf
RF amplitude and phase detectors, phase shifters, splitters, and VME hardware
under EPICS . The detected signals are amplified and matrixed to the control
room via an EPICS driven custom video switch, are sample/held, then digitized
by a VME 12bit ADC. Each of the 14 channels employ phase shifters and code that
can auto zero the displayed phase. Phase drift is then apparent. Amplitude
setpoints can also be auto zeroed with drift displayed as power deviations. To
ensure repeatability to less than 0.25 degree a continuous calibration
sequencer is employed that has been shown to measure phase drift independent of
amplitude shifts. Under investigation is the viability of 60Hz sourced and slow
phase feedback and correction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86481 </DOCNO>
Brane Splitting via Quantum Tunneling


  We study the two-centred AdS_7 x S^4 solution of eleven-dimensional
supergravity using the Euclidean path-integral approach, and find that it can
be interpreted as an instanton, signalling the splitting of the throat of the
M5 brane. The instanton is interpreted as indicating a coherent superposition
of the quantum states corresponding to classically distinct solutions. We
discuss the potential implications of this result for the dual (2,0)
superconformal field theory on the M5 brane, and argue that the splitting must
be suppressed in M theory if the AdS/CFT correspondence holds. We also argue
that similar instantons should exist for other branes in ten- and
eleven-dimensional supergravity. The counterterm subtraction technique for
gravitational instantons, which arose from the AdS/CFT correspondence, is
examined in terms of its applicability to our results. Connections are also
made to the work of Maldacena et al on anti-de Sitter fragmentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129430 </DOCNO>
Infrared Emission from Interstellar Dust. III. The Small Magellanic


  The infrared (IR) emission from interstellar dust in the Small Magellanic
Cloud (SMC) is modelled using a mixture of amorphous silicate and carbonaceous
grains, including a population of PAH molecules. (1) The IR spectrum of the
quiescent molecular cloud SMC B1#1 can be reproduced by our dust model provided
the PAH mixture has intrinsic IR band strengths which differ from the band
strengths which best fit Milky Way PAH mixtures. The variation in the PAH IR
band strengths may be a consequence of the differing metallicity or
environmental conditions. (2) The dust model is also able to reproduce the
spectral energy distribution from near-IR to far-IR for the SMC B1#1 cloud, as
well as for the entire SMC Bar region. The general SMC Bar region must have a
much lower PAH abundance than in the SMC B1#1 cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4426 </DOCNO>
Parametric pumping at finite frequency


  We report on a first principles theory for analyzing the parametric electron
pump at a finite frequency. The pump is controlled by two pumping parameters
with phase difference $\phi$. In the zero frequency limit, our theory predicts
the well known result that the pumped current is proportional to $\sin\phi$.
For the more general situation of a finite frequency, our theory predicts a
non-vanishing pumped current even when the two driving forces are in phase, in
agreement with the recent experimental results. We present the physical
mechanism behind the nonzero pumped current at $\phi=0$, which we found to be
due to photon-assisted processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96230 </DOCNO>
The Structure of Spin Systems


  A spin system is a sequence of self-adjoint unitary operators $U_1,U_2,...$
acting on a Hilbert space $H$ which either commute or anticommute, $U_iU_j=\pm
U_jU_i$ for all $i,j$; it is is called irreducible when $\{U_1,U_2,...\}$ is an
irreducible set of operators. There is a unique infinite matrix $(c_{ij})$ with
$0,1$ entries satisfying $$ U_iU_j=(-1)^{c_{ij}}U_jU_i, \qquad i,j=1,2,.... $$
Every matrix $(c_{ij})$ with $0,1$ entries satisfying $c_{ij}=c_{ji}$ and
$c_{ii}=0$ arises from a nontrivial irreducible spin system, and there are
uncountably many such matrices.
  Infinite dimensional irreducible representations exist when the commutation
matrix $(c_{ij})$ is of "infinite rank". In such cases we show that the
$C^*$-algebra generated by an irreducible spin system is the CAR algebra, an
infinite tensor product of copies of $M_2(\Bbb C)$, and we classify the
irreducible spin systems associated with a given matrix $(c_{ij})$ up to
approximate unitary equivalence. That follows from a structural result. The
$C^*$-algebra generated by the universal spin system $u_1,u_2,...$ of
$(c_{ij})$ decomposes into a tensor product $C(X)\otimes\Cal A$, where $X$ is a
Cantor set (possibly finite) and $\Cal A$ is either the CAR algebra or a finite
tensor product of copies of $M_2(\Bbb C)$.
  The Bratteli diagram technology of AF algebras is not well suited to spin
systems. Instead, we work out elementary properties of the $\Bbb Z_2$-valued
"symplectic" form $$ \omega(x,y) =\sum_{p,q=1}^\infty c_{pq}x_qy_p, $$ $x,y$
ranging over the free infninite dimensional vector space over the Galois field
$\Bbb Z_2$, and show that one can read off the structure of $C(X)\otimes\Cal A$
from properties of $\omega$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1061 </DOCNO>
Inwardly curved polymer brushes : Concave is not like Convex


  Inwardly curved polymer brushes are present in cylindrical and spherical
micelles or in membranes tubes and vesicles decorated with anchored polymers,
and influence their stability. We consider such polymer brushes in good solvent
and show that previous works, based on a self-similar concentric structure of
the brush, are physically inconsistent. We use scaling laws to derive very
simply the leading term of the free energy in the high curvature limit, where
the osmotic pressure is the relevant physical ingredient. We also derive the
complete conformation at all curvatures using a self-consistent field approach.
The free energy is computed therefrom using a local scaling description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127669 </DOCNO>
Delaunay recovery of cosmic density and velocity probes


  Optimally resolved one-dimensional density and velocity profiles through
cosmological N-body simulations are constructed by means of the
Voronoi-Delaunay tessellation reconstruction technique. In a fully
self-adaptive fashion a strikingly detailed view of the density features and
the corresponding cosmic motions is recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6336 </DOCNO>
$1/f$ noise in chemical reactions


  A chemical system consisting of two species, one of which evolves
deterministically and independently of the other, which in turn is driven by
the dynamics of the former and by an additional multiplicative Gaussian white
noise, displays a $1/f$ noise for intermediate to large frequencies. A novel
mechanism responsible for the $1/f$ noise is suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126268 </DOCNO>
On time-dependent X-ray reflection by photoionized accretion disks:


  We perform a first study of time-dependent X-ray reflection in photo-ionized
accretion disks. We assume a step-functional change in the X-ray flux and use a
simplified prescription to describe the time evolution of the illuminated gas
density profile in response to changes in the flux. We find that the dynamical
time for re-adjustment of the hydrostatic balance is an important relaxation
time scale of the problem since it affects evolution of the ionization state of
the reflector. Because of this the Fe K-alpha line emissivity depends on the
shape and intensity of the illuminating flux in prior times, and hence it is
not a function of the instantaneous illuminating spectrum. Moreover, during the
transition, a prominent Helium-like component of the Fe K-alpha line may
appear. As a result, the line flux may appear to be completely uncorrelated
with X-ray continuum flux on time scales shorter than the dynamical time. In
addition, the time-dependence of the illuminating flux may leave imprints even
on the time-averaged line spectra, which may be used as an additional test of
accretion disk geometry. Our findings appear to be important for the proposed
Fe K-alpha line reverberation studies in lamppost-like geometries for accretion
rates exceeding about $\sim 1%$ of the Eddington value. However, most AGN do
not show Helium-like lines that are prominent in such models, probably
indicating that these models are not applicable to real sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125701 </DOCNO>
Resonant Excitation of Nonradial Modes in RR Lyr Stars


  We study a nonlinear development of radial pulsation instability to a
resonant excitation of nonradial modes. Our theory covers the cases of
axisymmetric (m=0) modes as well as (m,-m) pairs. Adopting a simplified
treatment of the radial and nonradial mode coupling we find that the asymptotic
state is a pulsation with constant amplitudes and we evaluate the relative
amplitude of the nonradial component.
  Observable consequence of the m=0 mode excitation is a small period change
and a more significant amplitude change, especially in the case of a dipole
mode (l=1). Such a mode has a fairly large excitation probability.
  Significant amplitude and phase modulation is predicted in the case of
excitation of a m=1,-1 pair. We suggest that this may explain Blazhko-type
modulation in RR Lyr stars. If this model is correct, the modulation period is
determined by the rotation rate and the Brunt-Vaisala frequency in the deepest
part of the radiative interior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1285 </DOCNO>
Incipient superconductivity in TaB$_{2}$


  Magnetic properties of TaB$_{2}$ were studied by means of DC and AC
susceptibility measurements. It has been found that the compound becomes
superconducting at T$_{c}$ = 9.5 K. From upper critical field measurements the
superconducting parameters have been evaluated, which indicated that TaB$_{2}$
is a hard type-II superconductor. Possible reasons why superconductivity has
not been discovered in previous studies are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124169 </DOCNO>
Cepheid and SNIa Distance Scales


  We first discuss why there remains continuing, strong motivation to
investigate Hubble's Constant. Then we review new evidence from an
investigation of the Galactic Open Clusters containing Cepheids by Hoyle et al.
that the metallicity dependence of the Cepheid P-L relation is stronger than
expected. This result is supported by a new analysis of mainly HST Distance
Scale Key Project data which shows a correlation between host galaxy
metallicity and the rms scatter around the Cepheid P-L relation. If Cepheids do
have a significant metallicity dependence then an already existing scale error
for Tully-Fisher distances becomes worse and the distances of the Virgo and
Fornax clusters extend to more than 20Mpc, decreasing the value of H_0.
Finally, if the Cepheids have a metallicity dependence then so do Type Ia
Supernovae since the metallicity corrected Cepheid distances to eight galaxies
with SNIa now suggests that the SNIa peak luminosity is fainter in metal poor
galaxies. As well as having important implications for H_0, this would also
imply that the evidence for a non-zero cosmological constant from the SNIa
Hubble Diagram may be subject to corrections for metallicity which are as big
as the effects of cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1976 </DOCNO>
Criticality in one dimension with inverse square-law potentials


  It is demonstrated that the scaled order parameter for ferromagnetic Ising
and three-state Potts chains with inverse-square interactions exhibits a
universal critical jump, in analogy with the superfluid density in helium
films. Renormalization-group arguments are combined with numerical simulations
of systems containing up to one million lattice sites to accurately determine
the critical properties of these models. In strong contrast with earlier work,
compelling quantitative evidence for the Kosterlitz--Thouless-like character of
the phase transition is provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114380 </DOCNO>
Acclerator Operators and Software Development


  This paper summarizes the how the unique knowledge of accelerator operators
has contributed to the success of the Jefferson Lab Control System.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99161 </DOCNO>
Symplectic and Hyperk\"{a}hler structures in dimensional reduction of


  In this paper we show that the dimensionally reduced Seiberg-Witten equations
leads to a Higgs field and study the resulting moduli spaces. The moduli space
arising out of a subset of the equations, shown to be non-empty for a compact
Riemann surface of genus $g \geq 1$, gives rise to a family of moduli spaces
carrying a hyperk\"{a}hler structure. For the full set of equations the
corresponding moduli space does not have the aforementioned hyperk\"{a}hler
structure but has a natural symplectic structure. For the case of the torus,
$g=1$, we show that the full set of equations have a solution, different from
the ``vortex solutions''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75816 </DOCNO>
Search for Second Neutral Pion


  There is evidence of a second neutral pion from: (1) the anomalous branching
ratios in the reactions p-bar p -> pi pi and p-bar d -> pi pi N, and (2) the
1960's results of Tsai-Chu et al. for antinucleon annihilation stars in
emulsions. The anomaly of (1) is eliminated if the two neutral pions in the
reactions p-bar p -> pi_0 pi_0 and p-bar d -> pi_0 pi_0 n are not identical.
Tsai-Chu et al. observed a second neutral pion that ``decays more rapidly into
electron pairs with larger opening angles and more frequently into double
pairs.'' One antineutron annihilation event produced three neutral particles
(each with a mass of 135 +/- 14 MeV), and each decayed into four electrons with
much wider opening angles than those of the internal conversion electrons seen
in pi-zero decays. The larger opening angles and much more frequent double pair
production could be caused by neutral pions with a lifetime so short that they
sometimes decay into photon pairs before they can leave the annihilation
nucleus (e.g., Ag) of the emulsion. We discuss several methods of searching for
this second neutral pion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97923 </DOCNO>
The von Neumann entropy and information rate for ideal quantum Gibbs


  A model of a quantum information source is proposed, based on the Gibbs
ensemble of ideal (free) particles (bosons or fermions). We identify the
(thermodynamic) von Neumann entropy as the information rate and establish the
classical Lempel--Ziv universal coding algorithm in Grassberger's form for such
a source. This generalises the Schumacher theorem to the case of non-IID
qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41706 </DOCNO>
Summary of session on jets and inclusive hadron production


  Some highlights of the session on jets and hadron production are summarised.
Results between different experiments and measurements are compared and, in
particular, how LEP and HERA complement each other discussed. Improvements in
both theory and experiment for jet and hadron production and how the
measurements can be used to extract fundamental parameters are addressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7483 </DOCNO>
Electron Transport in Non-diffusive Quantum Wires


  We show that electron transport in disordered quantum wires can be described
by a modified Cooperon equation, which coincides in form with the Dirac
equation for the massive fermions in a 1+1 dimensional system. In this new
formalism, we calculate the DC electric current induced by electromagnetic
fields in quasi-one-dimensional rings. This current changes sign, from
diamagnetic to paramagnetic, depending on the amplitude and frequency of the
time-dependent external electromagnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74092 </DOCNO>
SUSY-QCD decoupling properties in H+ -> t \bar b decay


  The SUSY-QCD radiative corrections to the \Gamma (H+ -> t \bar b) partial
decay width are analyzed within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model at
the one-loop level, {\mathcal O}(\alpha_s), and in the decoupling limit. We
present the analytical expressions of these corrections in the large SUSY
masses limit and study the decoupling behaviour of these corrections in various
limiting cases. We find that if the SUSY mass parameters are large and of the
same order, the one loop SUSY-QCD corrections {\it do not decouple}. The
non-decoupling contribution is enhanced by \tan \beta and therefore large
corrections are expected in the large \tan \beta limit. In contrast, we also
find that the SUSY-QCD corrections decouple if the masses of either the squarks
or the gluinos are separately taken large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99186 </DOCNO>
Cibils'spectral sequence for the cohomology of triangular algebras


  In order to study the Hochschild cohomology of triangular algebras $\mathcal
T$, we construct a spectral sequence, whose terms are parametrized by the
length of the trajectories of the quiver associated with $\mathcal T$, and
which converges to $HH^*(\mathcal T)$. We explicit its components, and its
differentials which are sums of cup products. In case $n=3$, we study some
properties of the differential at level 2. Finally, we apply these results to
the paths algebra of a quiver without oriented cycles, and link them with
previous results on the incidence algebra of a simplicial complex, and more
generally on the morphisms algebra of certain categories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128187 </DOCNO>
HST/NICMOS Imaging Survey of the Ophiuchus (Lynds 1688) Cluster


  We present a catalogue of near-infrared photometry of young stars associated
with the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, based on observations made with the Hubble
Space Telescope NICMOS-3 camera at 1.1 $\mu$m and 1.6 $\mu$m. Our survey covers
0.02 square degrees centered on the dense molecular cores in Lynds 1688. We
detect 165 sources at 1.6 $\mu$m and 65 sources at 1.1 $\mu$m, within our
estimated completeness limits of 21.0 mag and 21.5 mag, respectively. An
analysis of the cloud extinction, based on existing molecular line maps,
suggests that most of the sources lying within the 40 $\rm{A_V}$ extinction
contour of the cloud are probable cloud members. Approximately half (58/108) of
these sources are previously unpublished. The faint embedded sources revealed
by these observations are spatially concentrated in three regions of high
stellar space density (N$> 10^4$ stars pc$^{-3}$). While the spatial
distribution of these sources reflects that of the brighter, well--known
population of young stars in Ophiuchus, it is distinctly different from the
distribution of cool concentrations seen in the submillimeter. Seven new brown
dwarf candidates are identified, based on their infrared colors and their
projected locations on high column-density regions of the molecular cloud.
Eight new candidate binary and five new candidate triple systems, having
separations between 0\farcs2 to 10\arcsec (29 to 1450 AU) are reported. The
spatial resolution and sensitivity of these observations reveal five apparent
disk/envelope systems seen via scattered light, and four nebulous objects with
complex morphologies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114001 </DOCNO>
Interaction of super intense laser pulses with thin foil: Dopler


  The formation of relativistic electron mirror produced via ionization of thin
solid target by ultraintense femtosecond laser pulse is considered with the
help of computer simulations. It is shown that the reflection of weak
counter-propagating wave from such a mirror can produce the coherent radiation
in X-ray and gamma-ray bands. The spectrum of up-conversed radiation is
investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125216 </DOCNO>
Modelling X-ray variability in the structured atmospheres of hot stars


  We describe X-ray production in the atmospheres of hot, early-type stars in
the framework of a ``stochastic shock model''. The extended envelope of a star
is assumed to possess numerous X-ray emitting ``hot'' zones that are produced
by shocks and embedded in the ambient ``cold'' medium in dynamical equilibrium.
It is shown that the apparent lack of X-ray variability on short (order of
hours) timescales do not contradict a shock model for X-ray production. The
character of the X-ray variability is found to depend on the frequency with
which hot zones are generated, the cool wind opacity to X-rays, and the wind
flow parameters, such as mass loss rate and terminal speed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125759 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Effects on X-ray Emissions from Accretion Disks around


  Special and general relativistic effects on the X-ray emissions, especially
the continuum spectra, from the accretion disks around black holes are
investigated using the ray-tracing method. Because both the special and general
relativistic effects are more important at distances closer to the black hole,
the relativistic modifications to the emitted X-ray spectra are more
significant at higher energies. In a simple accretion disk precession model,
the relativistic effects can account for the energy dependence of the QPO
amplitude and phase-lags observed in several black hole binaries. The dramatic
QPO phase-lag transitions only show up when the central black hole is spinning
rapidly. The narrow distribution of the observed system inclination angles of
black hole binaries may be due to the selection effect caused by the
relativistic effects around black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2280 </DOCNO>
Microscopic Evolution of a Weakly Interacting Homogeneous Bose Gas


  We provide a detailed description of the nonequilibrium time evolution of an
interacting homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate. We use a nonperturbative
in-medium quantum field theory approach as a microscopic model for the Bose
gas. The real-time dynamics of the condensate is encoded in a set of
self-consistent equations which corresponds to an infinite sum of ladder
Feynman diagrams. The crucial role played by the interaction between
fluctuations for the instability generation is thoroughly described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148514 </DOCNO>
Some Properties of Pole Solution in Six Dimensions


  A solution with the pole configuration in six dimensions is analysed both
analytically and numerically. It is a dimensional reduction model of
Randall-Sundrum type. The soliton configuration is induced by the bulk Higgs
mechanism. The boundary condition is systematically solved up to the 6th order.
The Riemann curvature is finite everywhere. An exact solution for the no
potential case is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3066 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Roughening in Slow Combustion of Paper


  Results of experiments on the dynamics and kinetic roughening of
one-dimensional slow-combustion fronts in three grades of paper are reported.
Extensive averaging of the data allows a detailed analysis of the spatial and
temporal development of the interface fluctuations. The asymptotic scaling
properties, on long length and time scales, are well described by the
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation with short-range, uncorrelated noise. To
obtain a more detailed picture of the strong-coupling fixed point,
characteristic of the KPZ universality class, universal amplitude ratios, and
the universal coupling constant are computed from the data and found to be in
good agreement with theory. Below the spatial and temporal scales at which a
cross-over takes place to the standard KPZ behavior, the fronts display higher
apparent exponents and apparent multiscaling. In this regime the interface
velocities are spatially and temporally correlated, and the distribution of the
magnitudes of the effective noise has a power-law tail. The relation of the
observed short-range behavior and the noise as determined from the local
velocity fluctuations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128410 </DOCNO>
ROSAT/Chandra Observations of a Bright Transient in M81


  We present a 10-year X-ray light curve and the spectra of a peculiar X-ray
transient in the spiral galaxy M81. The source was below the detection limit of
ROSAT PSPC before 1993, but it brightened substantially in 1993, with
luminosities exceeding the Eddington limit of a 1.5 solar-mass compact
accretor. It then faded and was not firmly detected in the ROSAT HRI and PSPC
observations after 1994. The Chandra image obtained in 2000 May, however, shows
an X-ray source at its position within the instrumental uncertainties. The
Chandra source is coincident with a star-like object in the
Digitized-Sky-Survey. A Hubble image suggests that the optical object may be
extended. While these three observations could be of the same object, which may
be an X-ray binary containing a black-hole candidate, the possibility that the
ROSAT and Chandra sources are two different objects in a dense stellar
environment cannot be ruled out. The Hubble data suggests that the optical
object may be a globular cluster yet to be identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6350 </DOCNO>
Generic model of morphological changes in growing colonies of fungi


  Fungal colonies are able to exhibit different morphologies depending on the
enviromental conditions. This allows them to cope with and adapt to external
changes. When grown in solid or semi-solid media the bulk of the colony is
compact and several morphological transitions have been reported to occur as
the external conditions are varied. Here we show how a unified simple
mathematical model, which includes the effect of the accumulation of toxic
metabolites, can account for the morphological changes observed. Our numerical
results are in excellent agreement with experiments carried out with the fungus
Aspergillus oryzae on solid agar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149654 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on D-branes in AdS_3


  We investigate the relation between the algebraic construction of boundary
states in AdS_3 and the target space analysis of D-branes and show the
consistency of the two descriptions. We compute, in the semiclassical regime,
the overlap of a localized closed string state with boundary states and
identify the latter with D-branes wrapping conjugacy classes in AdS_3. The
string partition function on the disk is shown to reproduce the spacetime DBI
action. Other consistency checks are performed. We also comment on the role of
the spectral flow symmetry of the underlying SL(2,R)/U(1) coset model in
constructing D-branes that correspond to degenerate representations of SL(2,R).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86326 </DOCNO>
Dirac's Observables for the Rest-Frame Instant Form of Tetrad Gravity in


  We define the {\it rest-frame instant form} of tetrad gravity restricted to
Christodoulou-Klainermann spacetimes. After a study of the Hamiltonian group of
gauge transformations generated by the 14 first class constraints of the
theory, we define and solve the multitemporal equations associated with the
rotation and space diffeomorphism constraints, finding how the cotriads and
their momenta depend on the corresponding gauge variables. This allows to find
quasi-Shanmugadhasan canonical transformation to the class of 3-orthogonal
gauges and to find the Dirac observables for superspace in these gauges.
  The construction of the explicit form of the transformation and of the
solution of the rotation and supermomentum constraints is reduced to solve a
system of elliptic linear and quasi-linear partial differential equations. We
then show that the superhamiltonian constraint becomes the Lichnerowicz
equation for the conformal factor of the 3-metric and that the last gauge
variable is the momentum conjugated to the conformal factor. The gauge
transformations generated by the superhamiltonian constraint perform the
transitions among the allowed foliations of spacetime, so that the theory is
independent from its 3+1 splittings. In the special 3-orthogonal gauge defined
by the vanishing of the conformal factor momentum we determine the final Dirac
observables for the gravitational field even if we are not able to solve the
Lichnerowicz equation. The final Hamiltonian is the weak ADM energy restricted
to this completely fixed gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5900 </DOCNO>
Connectivity transition in the frustrated S=1 chain revisited


  The phase transition in the antiferromagnetic isotropic Heisenberg S=1 chain
with frustrating next-nearest neighbor coupling alpha is reconsidered. We
identify the order parameter of the large-alpha phase as describing two
intertwined strings, each possessing a usual string order. The transition has a
topological nature determined by the change in the string connectivity.
Numerical evidence from the DMRG results is supported by the effective theory
based on soliton states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4800 </DOCNO>
How Much Phase Coherence Does a Pseudogap Need?


  It has been suggested that the ``pseudogap'' regime in cuprate
superconductors, extending up to hudreds of degrees into the normal phase,
reflects an incoherent d-wave pairing, with local superconducting order
coherent over a finite length scale $\xi$, insufficient to establish
superconductivity. We calculate the single-particle spectral density in such a
state from a minimal phenomenological disordered BCS model. When the
phase-coherence length exceeds the Cooper pair size, a clear pseudogap appears.
The pseudogap regime, however, is found only over a relatively narrow range of
phase stiffnesses, hence is not expected to extend more than about 20% above
$T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126600 </DOCNO>
AMS, a particle spectrometer in space


  The results of the AMS01 experiment are reviewed. The proton flux measured
below the geomagnetic cutoff is interpreted. Some Physics prospects for AMS02
on the International Space Station are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40824 </DOCNO>
Measurement of CP-violating asymmetries in B0 decays to CP eigenstates


  We present measurements of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in neutral
B decays to several CP eigenstates. The measurement uses a data sample of 23
million Upsilon(4S)-->B-anti-B decays collected by the BABAR detector at the
PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. In this sample, we find events where one
neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a CP eigenstate containing charmonium
and the flavor of the other neutral B meson is determined from its decay
products. The amplitude of the CP-violating asymmetry, which in the Standard
Model is proportional to sin2beta, is derived from the decay time distributions
in such events. The result is sin2beta=0.34 +/- 0.20 (stat) +/- 0.05 (syst).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76138 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Mixing and Leptonic CP Phase in Neutrino Oscillations


  Oscillations of the Dirac neutrinos of three generations in vacuum are
considered with allowance made for the effect of the CP-violating leptonic
phase (analogue of the quark CP phase) in the lepton mixing matrix. The general
formulas for the probabilities of neutrino transition from one sort to another
in oscillations are obtained as functions of three mixing angles and the CP
phase. It is found that the leptonic CP phase can, in principle, be
reconstructed by measuring the oscillation-averaged probabilities of neutrino
transition from one sort to another. The manifestation of the CP phase as a
deviation of the probabilities of direct processes from those of inverse
processes is an effect that is practically unobservable as yet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125419 </DOCNO>
Eclipses by a Circumstellar Dust Feature in the Pre-Main Sequence Star


  Photometry and spectroscopy of the unique pre-main sequence eclipsing object
KH15D in the young cluster NGC 2264 are presented. The orbital period is 48.34
days and both the length (~16 d) and depth (~3 mag) of the eclipse have
increased with time. A brightening near the time of central eclipse is
confirmed in the recent data but at a much smaller amplitude than was
originally seen. Spectra taken when the star is bright show that the primary is
a weak T Tauri star of spectral type K7. During eclipse there is no detectable
change in spectral type or reddening, indicating that the obscuration is caused
by rather large dust grains and/or macroscopic objects. Evidently the star is
eclipsed by an extended feature in its circumstellar disk orbiting with a
semi-major axis of ~0.2 AU. Continued photometric monitoring should allow us to
probe the disk structure with a spatial resolution of ~3 x 10^6 km or better.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3125 </DOCNO>
Statistics of the occupation time for a random walk in the presence of a


  We investigate the distribution of the time spent by a random walker to the
right of a boundary moving with constant velocity v. For the continuous-time
problem (Brownian motion), we provide a simple alternative proof of Newman's
recent result [J.Phys.A 34, L89 (2001)] using a method due to Kac. We then
discuss the same problem for the case of a random walk in discrete time with an
arbitrary distribution of steps, taking advantage of the general set of results
due to Sparre Andersen. For the binomial random walk we analyse the corrections
to the continuum limit on the example of the mean occupation time. The case of
Cauchy-distributed steps is also studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179557 </DOCNO>
Observing Spontaneous Strong Parity Violation in Heavy-Ion Collisions


  We discuss the problem of observing spontaneous parity and CP violation in
collision systems. We discuss and propose observables which may be used in
heavy-ion collisions to observe such violations, as well as event-by-event
methods to analyze the data. Finally, we discuss simple monte-carlo models of
these CP violating effects which we have used to develop our techniques and
from which we derive rough estimates of sensitivities to signals which may be
seen at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149377 </DOCNO>
Finite-N Conformality and Gauge Coupling Unification


  In this talk I review some aspects of the idea that there is an infra-red
conformal fixed-point at the TeV scale. In particular, it is shown how gauge
coupling unification can be achieved by TeV unification in a semi-simple gauge
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97676 </DOCNO>
Hodge structure on the fundamental group and its application to p-adic


  We study the unipotent completion $\Pi^{DR}_{un}(x_0, x_1, X_K)$ of the de
Rham fundamental groupoid [De] of a smooth algebraic variety over a local
non-archimedean field K of characteristic 0.
  We show that the vector space $\Pi^{DR}_{un}(x_0, x_1, X_K)$ possesses a
distinguished element. In the other words, given a vector bundle E on $X_K$
together with a unipotent integrable connection, we have {\sf a canonical}
isomorphism $E_{x_0}\simeq E_{x_1}$ between the fibers. The latter construction
is a generalization of Colmez's p-adic integration (rk E=2) and Coleman's
p-adic iterated integrals ($X_K$ is a curve with good reduction).
  In the second part we prove that, if $X_{K_0}$ is a smooth variety over an
unramified extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ with good reduction and $r \leq
\frac{p-1}{2}$ then there is a canonical isomorphism $\Pi^{DR}_{r}(x_0, x_1,
X_{K_0})\otimes B_{DR} \simeq \Pi^{et}_{r}(x_0, x_1, X_{\overline K_0}) \otimes
B_{DR}$ compatible with the action of Galois group (Here $\Pi^{DR}_{r}(x_0,
x_1, X_{K_0})$ is the level r quotient of $\Pi^{DR}_{un}(x_0, x_1, X_K)$). In
particularly, it implies the Crystalline Conjecture for the fundamental group
[Shiho] (for $r \leq \frac{p-1}{2}$) .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86730 </DOCNO>
Gauge invariance of parametrized systems and path integral quantization


  Gauge invariance of systems whose Hamilton-Jacobi equation is separable is
improved by adding surface terms to the action fuctional. The general form of
these terms is given for some complete solutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi
equation. The procedure is applied to the relativistic particle and toy
universes, which are quantized by imposing canonical gauge conditions in the
path integral; in the case of empty models, we first quantize the parametrized
system called ``ideal clock'', and then we examine the possibility of obtaining
the amplitude for the minisuperspaces by matching them with the ideal clock.
The relation existing between the geometrical properties of the constraint
surface and the variables identifying the quantum states in the path integral
is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 301 </DOCNO>
Observation of Field-Induced Transverse N\'{e}el Ordering in the Spin


  Neutron elastic scattering experiments have been performed on the spin gap
system TlCuCl$_3$ in magnetic fields parallel to the $b$-axis. The magnetic
Bragg peaks which indicate the field-induced N\'{e}el ordering were observed
for magnetic field higher than the gap field $H_{\rm g}\approx 5.5$ T at $Q=(h,
0, l)$ with odd $l$ in the $a^*-c^*$ plane. The spin structure in the ordered
phase was determined. The temperature and field dependence of the Bragg peak
intensities and the phase boundary obtained were discussed in connection with a
recent theory which describes the field-induced N\'{e}el ordering as a
Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2792 </DOCNO>
MgB2 superconductor thin films on Si and Al2O3 substrates


  Thin films of MgB2 superconductor were prepared by three different procedures
on sapphire and silicon substrates. Boron thin films, ex-situ annealed in
magnesium vapour, resulted in textured polycrystalline films with crystal
dimensions below about 1000 nm, onset critical temperature Tcon near 39 K and
width of phase transition about 1 K. Both, ex-situ and in-situ annealed
co-deposited boron and magnesium thin films on sapphire and silicon substrates
give smooth nanocrystalline films. DC properties of nanocrystalline MgB2 films
co-deposited on silicon substrate reached Tcon = 33 K and zero resistance Tco =
27 K, the highest values received until now on Si substrates. In addition,
microwave analyses prove the existence of superconducting parts of the film
below 39 K. This result confirms the possibility to synthesise nanocrystalline
superconducting MgB2 thin films on silicon substrate with critical temperature
near 39 K, prepared by vacuum co-deposition of boron and magnesium films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2398 </DOCNO>
Test for interlayer coherence in a quasi-two-dimensional superconductor


  Peaks in the magnetoresistivity of the layered superconductor
$\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$, measured in fields $\leq 45$ T applied
within the layers, show that the Fermi surface is extended in the interlayer
direction and enable the interlayer transfer integral ($t_{\perp} \approx 0.04$
meV) to be deduced. However, the quasiparticle scattering rate $\tau^{-1}$ is
such that $\hbar/\tau \sim 6t_{\perp}$, implying that
$\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu(NCS)$_2$ meets the criterion used to identify
interlayer incoherence. The applicability of this criterion to anisotropic
materials is thus shown to be questionable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1952 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in Stationary non Equilibrium States


  In this paper we formulate a dynamical fluctuation theory for stationary non
equilibrium states (SNS) which covers situations in a nonlinear hydrodynamic
regime and is verified explicitly in stochastic models of interacting
particles. In our theory a crucial role is played by the time reversed
dynamics. Our results include the modification of the Onsager-Machlup theory in
the SNS, a general Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the macroscopic entropy and a
non equilibrium, non linear fluctuation dissipation relation valid for a wide
class of systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97668 </DOCNO>
Jacobi cohomology, local geometry of moduli spaces, and Hitchin


  The main aim of this paper is to develop general algebraic and cohomological
tools for the study of the local geometry of moduli and parameter spaces in
Algebraic Geometry, culminating in the so-called Hitchin (or KZ) (projective)
connection over the Moduli of curves and the proof of its flatness. Among other
things, we notably give a 'modular' (i.e. in terms of the modular problem)
construction of the differential operators- of any order- acting on
(general)modular vector bundles, and in particular for the Lie algebra of
vector fields on a (general) Moduli space, with its natural action on
functions. The methods involve mostly Lie algebras and their cohomology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129042 </DOCNO>
The role of chaotic resonances in the solar system


  Our understanding of the Solar System has been revolutionized over the past
decade by the finding that the orbits of the planets are inherently chaotic. In
extreme cases, chaotic motions can change the relative positions of the planets
around stars, and even eject a planet from a system. Moreover, the spin axis of
a planet-Earth's spin axis regulates our seasons-may evolve chaotically, with
adverse effects on the climates of otherwise biologically interesting planets.
Some of the recently discovered extrasolar planetary systems contain multiple
planets, and it is likely that some of these are chaotic as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6349 </DOCNO>
Distribution of the Oscillation Period in the Underdamped One


  We consider the Newtonian dynamics of a massive particle in a one dimemsional
random potential which is a Brownian motion in space. This is the zero
temperature nondamped Sinai model. As there is no dissipation the particle
oscillates between two turning points where its kinetic energy becomes zero.
The period of oscillation is a random variable fluctuating from sample to
sample of the random potential. We compute the probability distribution of this
period exactly and show that it has a power law tail for large period, P(T)\sim
T^{-5/3} and an essential singluarity P(T)\sim \exp(-1/T) as T\to 0. Our exact
results are confirmed by numerical simulations and also via a simple scaling
argument.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97328 </DOCNO>
Direct proof of the quantum Monk's formula


  We give a direct geometric proof of the quantum Monk's formula which relies
only on classical Schubert calculus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83709 </DOCNO>
Using the No-Search Easy-Hard Technique for Downward Collapse


  The top part of the preceding figure [figure appears in actual paper] shows
some classes from the (truth-table) bounded-query and boolean hierarchies. It
is well-known that if either of these hierarchies collapses at a given level,
then all higher levels of that hierarchy collapse to that same level. This is a
standard ``upward translation of equality'' that has been known for over a
decade. The issue of whether these hierarchies can translate equality {\em
downwards\/} has proven vastly more challenging. In particular, with regard to
the figure above, consider the following claim:
  $$P_{m-tt}^{\Sigma_k^p} = P_{m+1-tt}^{\Sigma_k^p} \implies
      DIFF_m(\Sigma_k^p) coDIFF_m(\Sigma_k^p) =  BH(\Sigma_k^p). (*)  $$
 This claim, if true, says that equality translates downwards between levels of
the bounded-query hierarchy and the boolean hierarchy levels that (before the
fact) are immediately below them.
  Until recently, it was not known whether (*) {\em ever\/} held, except for
the degenerate cases $m=0$ and $k=0$. Then Hemaspaandra, Hemaspaandra, and
Hempel \cite{hem-hem-hem:j:downward-translation} proved that (*) holds for all
$m$, for $k > 2$. Buhrman and Fortnow~\cite{buh-for:j:two-queries} then showed
that, when $k=2$, (*) holds for the case $m = 1$. In this paper, we prove
that for the case $k=2$, (*) holds for all values of $m$. Since there is an
oracle relative to which ``for $k=1$, (*) holds for all $m$'' fails
\cite{buh-for:j:two-queries}, our achievement of the $k=2$ case cannot to
be strengthened to $k=1$ by any relativizable proof technique. The new downward
translation we obtain also tightens the collapse in the polynomial hierarchy
implied by a collapse in the bounded-query hierarchy of the second level of the
polynomial hierarchy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98266 </DOCNO>
The Kruskal Count


  The Kruskal Count is a card trick invented by Martin J. Kruskal in which a
magician "guesses" a card selected by a subject according to a certain counting
procedure. With high probability the magician can correctly "guess" the card.
The success of the trick is based on a mathematical principle related to
coupling methods for Markov chains. This paper analyzes in detail two
simplified variants of the trick and estimates the probability of success. The
model predictions are compared with simulation data for several variants of the
actual trick.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114411 </DOCNO>
Wavelet Analysis of Vortex Tubes in Experimental Turbulence


  This report proposes a new method to study vortex tubes in one-dimensional
velocity data of experimental turbulence. Vortex tubes are detected as local
maxima on the scale-space plot of wavelet transforms of the velocity data. Then
it is possible to extract a typical velocity pattern. The result for data
obtained in a wind tunnel is consistent with those of three-dimensional direct
numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41702 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider R&D


  European, Japanese, and US Neutrino Factory designs are presented. The main
R&D issues and associated R&D programs, future prospects, and the additional
issues that must be addressed to produce a viable Muon Collider design, are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 361 </DOCNO>
Complex Diffusion Monte-Carlo method for the systems with complex wave


  On the base of Diffusion Monte-Carlo method it is developed a new Complex
Diffusion Monte-Carlo (CDMC) method allowing to simulate the quantum systems
with complex wave function. There are no approximations on the calculation of
modulus and phase of wave function in contrast to other methods. We find that
the averaged value of any quantity in CDMC will have no direct contribution
from the phase of the distribution function but only from the phase of the
Green function of the diffusion equation. This is most important and crucial
point of CDMC. We are testing CDMC by the calculation of the wave function and
the ground state energy of two-dimensional electron placed into the external
uniform magnetic field. There is an excellent agreement between simulations
results and an analytical ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96579 </DOCNO>
Clapp-Puppe Type Lusternik-Schnirelmann (Co)category in a Model Category


  We introduce Clapp-Puppe type generalized Lusternik-Schnirelmann (co)category
in a Quillen model category. We establish some of their basic properties and
give various characterizations of them. As the first application of these
characterizations, we show that our generalized (co)category is invariant under
Quillen modelization equivalences. In particular, generalized (co)category of
spaces and simplicial sets coincide. Another application of these
characterizations is to define and study rational cocategory. Various other
applications are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125072 </DOCNO>
Irradiated Planets


  We have modeled irradiated planets located near a dM5 and a G2 primary star.
The impinging radiation field was explicitly included in the solution of the
radiative transfer equation and in the computation of the atmospheric
structure. We find that large errors in both the thermal and reflected flux
will result from models which do not include the impinging radiation in a
self-consistent manner. A cool (teff = 500K) and a hot (teff = 1000K) planet
were modeled at various orbital separations from both the dM5 and the G2
primary. In all scenarios, we compared the effects of the irradiation in two
extreme cases: one where dust clouds form and remain suspended in the
atmosphere, and another where dust clouds form but completely settle out of the
atmosphere. The atmospheric structure and emergent spectrum strongly depend on
the presence or absence of dust clouds. We find that, in the absence of dust
opacity, the impinging radiation significantly alters the innermost layers of
an EGP atmosphere and that they are actually brighter in the optical than dusty
planets. Our models also indicate that the planet-to-star brightness ratio in
the optical will be less that 1 x 10^-5 for objects like tau bootis which is
consistent with recently reported upper limit values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76745 </DOCNO>
Perspectives and Challenges for QCD Phenomenology


  A fundamental understanding of quantum chromodynamics, particularly at the
amplitude level, is essential for progress in high energy physics. For example,
the measurement and interpretation of the basic parameters of the electroweak
theory and CP violation depends on an understanding of the dynamics and phase
structure of exclusive B-meson decay amplitudes. In this review, I discuss a
number of ways in which the required hadron wavefunctions can be measured (such
as two-photon reactions and diffractive dissociation) or calculated from first
principles. An important tool for describing relativistic composite systems in
quantum field theory is the light-front Fock expansion, which encodes the
properties of a hadrons in terms of a set of frame-independent n-particle
wavefunctions. Evolution in light-cone time allows the construction of an
"event amplitude generator" in which only non-ghost physical degrees of freedom
and integration over physical phase appear. The diffractive dissociation of a
hadron at high energies, by either Coulomb or Pomeron exchange, has a natural
description in QCD as the materialization of the projectile's light-cone
wavefunctions; in particular, the diffractive dissociation of a meson, baryon,
or photon into high transverse momentum jets measures the shape and other
features of the projectile's distribution amplitude. I also review recent work
which shows that the structure functions measured in deep inelastic lepton
scattering are affected by final-state rescattering, thus modifying their
connection with the light-cone probability distributions. In particular, the
shadowing of nuclear structure functions is due to destructive interference
effects from leading-twist diffraction of the virtual photon, physics not
included in the nuclear light-cone wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 47 </DOCNO>
Finite Size Scaling of the 2D Six-Clock model


  We investigate the isotropic-anisotropic phase transition of the
two-dimensional XY model with six-fold anisotropy, using Monte Carlo
renormalization group method. The result indicates difficulty of observing
asymptotic critical behavior in Monte Carlo simulations, owing to the marginal
flow at the fixed point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4049 </DOCNO>
Spectral Properties of the k-Body Embedded Gaussian Ensembles of Random


  We consider $m$ spinless Bosons distributed over $l$ degenerate
single-particle states and interacting through a $k$-body random interaction
with Gaussian probability distribution (the Bosonic embedded $k$-body
ensembles). We address the cases of orthogonal and unitary symmetry in the
limit of infinite matrix dimension, attained either as $l \to \infty$ or as $m
\to \infty$. We derive an eigenvalue expansion for the second moment of the
many-body matrix elements of these ensembles. Using properties of this
expansion, the supersymmetry technique, and the binary correlation method, we
show that in the limit $l \to \infty$ the ensembles have nearly the same
spectral properties as the corresponding Fermionic embedded ensembles. Novel
features specific for Bosons arise in the dense limit defined as $m \to \infty$
with both $k$ and $l$ fixed. Here we show that the ensemble is not ergodic, and
that the spectral fluctuations are not of Wigner-Dyson type. We present
numerical results for the dense limit using both ensemble unfolding and
spectral unfolding. These differ strongly, demonstrating the lack of ergodicity
of the ensemble. Spectral unfolding shows a strong tendency towards
picket-fence type spectra. Certain eigenfunctions of individual realizations of
the ensemble display Fock-space localization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74804 </DOCNO>
B0bar decays to D(*)0 eta and D(*)0 eta'


  We consider the hadronic B decays B0bar -> D0 eta, B0bar -> D*0 eta, B0bar ->
D0 eta', B0bar -> D*0 eta' in the framework of a quark-flavour basis and
factorization. The formalism allows to compute the decays to the eta meson and
to relate them to those of the eta'. Measuring the branching ratios of these
processes may shed light on the nature of the eta-eta' mixing. On the
experimental side, only upper limits on the branching ratios are known at
present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5790 </DOCNO>
Frontier between separability and quantum entanglement in a many spin


  We discuss the critical point $x_c$ separating the quantum entangled and
separable states in two series of N spins S in the simple mixed state
characterized by the matrix operator $\rho=x|\tilde{\phi}><\tilde{\phi}| +
\frac{1-x}{D^N} I_{D^N}$ where $x \in [0,1]$, $D =2S+1$, ${\bf I}_{D^N}$ is the
$D^N \times D^N$ unity matrix and $|\tilde {\phi}>$ is a special entangled
state. The cases x=0 and x=1 correspond respectively to fully random spins and
to a fully entangled state. In the first of these series we consider special
states $|\tilde{\phi}>$ invariant under charge conjugation, that generalizes
the N=2 spin S=1/2 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state, and in the second one we
consider generalizations of the Weber density matrices. The evaluation of the
critical point $x_c$ was done through bounds coming from the partial
transposition method of Peres and the conditional nonextensive entropy
criterion. Our results suggest the conjecture that whenever the bounds coming
from both methods coincide the result of $x_c$ is the exact one. The results we
present are relevant for the discussion of quantum computing, teleportation and
cryptography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75188 </DOCNO>
Probing for New Physics in Polarized $\Lambda_b$ decays at the Z


  Polarized $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma$ decays at the Z pole are shown to be
well suited for probing a large variety of New Physics effects. A new
observable is proposed, the angular asymmetry between the $\Lambda_b$ spin and
photon momentum, which is sensitive to the relative strengths of the opposite
chirality and Standard Model chirality $b \to s \gamma$ dipole operators.
Combination with the $\Lambda $ decay polarization asymmetry and comparison
with the $\Lambda_b$ polarization extracted from semileptonic decays allows
important tests of the $V-A$ structure of the Standard Model. Modifications of
the rates and angular asymmetries which arise at next-to-leading order are
discussed. Measurements for $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma$ and the CP conjugate
mode, with branching ratios of a few times $10^{-5}$, are shown to be sensitive
to non-standard sources of CP violation in the $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma$
matrix element. Form factor relations for heavy-to-light baryon decays are
derived in the large energy limit, which are of general interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169193 </DOCNO>
Gisin's theorem cannot be generalized to all multi-particle states


  Gisin's theorem states that any pure entangled state of two particles
violates Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality which is a bound on correlations
between measurements on two particles obtained within local realistic picture.
We find that this theorem cannot be generalized to all multi-particle states
for the case where measurements on each particle can be chosen between two
arbitrary dichotomic observables. In particular we find a family of pure
entangled states of N qubits which do not violate any Bell inequality for
correlations between such measurements. We also find that
Mermin-Ardehali-Belinskii-Klyshko inequalities may not always be optimal for
refutation of local realistic description of correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129668 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Masses: Disks and Their Halos


  I review what we currently do and do not know about the masses of disk
galaxies and their dark matter halos. The prognosis for disks is good: the
asymptotic rotation velocity provides a good indicator of total disk mass. The
prognosis for halos is bad: cuspy halos provide a poor description of the data,
and the total mass of individual dark matter halos remains ill-constrained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85897 </DOCNO>
On average properties of inhomogeneous fluids in general relativity II:


  For general relativistic spacetimes filled with an irrotational perfect fluid
a generalized form of Friedmann's equations governing the expansion factor of
spatially averaged portions of inhomogeneous cosmologies is derived. The
averaging problem for scalar quantities is condensed into the problem of
finding an `effective equation of state' including kinematical as well as
dynamical `backreaction' terms that measure the departure from a standard FLRW
cosmology. Applications of the averaged models are outlined including
radiation-dominated and scalar field cosmologies (inflationary and
dilaton/string cosmologies). In particular, the averaged equations show that
the averaged scalar curvature must generically change in the course of
structure formation, that an averaged inhomogeneous radiation cosmos does not
follow the evolution of the standard homogeneous-isotropic model, and that an
averaged inhomogeneous perfect fluid features kinematical `backreaction' terms
that, in some cases, act like a free scalar field source. The free scalar field
(dilaton) itself, modelled by a `stiff' fluid, is singled out as a special
inhomogeneous case where the averaged equations assume a simple form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85977 </DOCNO>
On the dual interpretation of zero-curvature Friedmann-Robertson-Walker


  Two possible interpretations of FRW cosmologies (perfect fluid or dissipative
fluid)are considered as consecutive phases of the system. Necessary conditions
are found, for the transition from perfect fluid to dissipative regime to
occur, bringing out the conspicuous role played by a particular state of the
system (the ''critical point '').

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73093 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos as a signature of ultrahigh energy photons at high red shift


  Sources of ultrahigh energy photons operating at high red shift produce a
diffuse background of neutrinos. At high red shift, when the cosmic microwave
background radiation has a higher temperature, an electromagnetic cascade
originated by an energetic photon can generate neutrinos via muon and pion
production and decay. We have calculated numerically the neutrino spectrum
produced by various photon sources. A distinctive feature of the produced flux
is a ``bump'' in the spectrum at neutrino energies $E \sim 10^{17}$eV. The
produced flux is largest for $m=3$ sources ({\it e.g} necklaces), with $E^2
J(E) \sim 10 {\rm eV} {\rm cm}^{-2} {\rm s}^{-1} {\rm sr}^{-1}$ at these
energies. Detection of such neutrinos can help understand the origin of
ultrahigh energy cosmic rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2163 </DOCNO>
Magnetic properties and spin waves of bilayer magnets in a uniform field


  The two-layer square lattice quantum antiferromagnet with spins 1/2 shows a
zero-field magnetic order-disorder transition at a critical ratio of the
inter-plane to intra-plane couplings. Adding a uniform magnetic field tunes the
system to canted antiferromagnetism and eventually to a fully polarized state;
similar behavior occurs for ferromagnetic intra-plane coupling. Based on a bond
operator spin representation, we propose an approximate ground state
wavefunction which covers all phases by means of a unitary transformation. The
excitations can be efficiently described as independent bosons; in the
antiferromagnetic phase these reduce to the well-known spin waves, whereas they
describe gapped spin-1 excitations in the singlet phase. We compute the spectra
of these excitations as well as the magnetizations throughout the whole phase
diagram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83570 </DOCNO>
Components and Interfaces of a Process Management System for Parallel


  Parallel jobs are different from sequential jobs and require a different type
of process management. We present here a process management system for parallel
programs such as those written using MPI. A primary goal of the system, which
we call MPD (for multipurpose daemon), is to be scalable. By this we mean that
startup of interactive parallel jobs comprising thousands of processes is
quick, that signals can be quickly delivered to processes, and that stdin,
stdout, and stderr are managed intuitively. Our primary target is parallel
machines made up of clusters of SMPs, but the system is also useful in more
tightly integrated environments. We describe how MPD enables much faster
startup and better runtime management of parallel jobs. We show how close
control of stdio can support the easy implementation of a number of convenient
system utilities, even a parallel debugger. We describe a simple but general
interface that can be used to separate any process manager from a parallel
library, which we use to keep MPD separate from MPICH.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1895 </DOCNO>
On the possibility of superconductivity at higher temperatures in


  Superconducting transition temperatures ($T_c$'s) of MgB$_2$,
Mg$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$B$_2$, Mg$_{1-x}$Na$_x$B$_2$, and Mg$_{1-x}$Al$_x$B$_2$ are
studied within the McMillan approximation using electronic and structural
information obtained from density functional theory within the generalized
gradient approximation. The density of states and $T_c$ of MgB$_2$ are both
shown to be extremely sensitive to volume; in fact the density of states around
the Fermi level is found to rise with increasing volume because of a prominent
van Hove peak. Doping the Mg sublattice with small amounts of either Ca, which
substantially increases the unit cell volume, or Na, which removes an electron
from the unit cell while likewise increasing its volume, shifts the Fermi level
toward the peak and thus both types of doping are predicted to enhance $T_c$;
in Mg$_{1-x}$Al$_x$B$_2$, however, the combined effects of the additional
electron and decreasing average unit cell volume are shown to decrease $T_c$
with increasing Al concentration, consistent with recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77036 </DOCNO>
Two-loop renormalization of tan beta and its gauge dependence


  Renormalization of two-loop divergent corrections to the vacuum expectation
values (v_1, v_2) of the two Higgs doublets in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model, and their ratio tan beta=v_2/v_1, is discussed for general R_xi
gauge fixings. When the renormalized (v_1, v_2) are defined to give the minimum
of the loop-corrected effective potential, it is shown that, beyond the
one-loop level, the dimensionful parameters in the R_xi gauge fixing term
generate gauge dependence of the renormalized tan beta. Additional shifts of
the Higgs fields are necessary to realize the gauge-independent renormalization
of tan beta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 702 </DOCNO>
Disorder and transport in cuprates: weak localization and magnetic


  We report resistivity measurements in underdoped YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.6}
$and overdoped Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CuO$_{6+x}$ single crystals in which the
concentration of defects in the CuO$_{2}$ planes is controlled by electron
irradiation. Low $T$ upturns of the resistivity are observed in both cases for
large defect content. In the Tl compound the decrease of conductivity scales as
expected from weak localization theory. On the contrary in
YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.6}$ the much larger low T contribution to the
resistivity is proportional to the defect content and might then be associated
to a Kondo like spin flip scattering term. This would be consistent with the
results on the magnetic properties induced by spinless defects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168844 </DOCNO>
Discrimination of the Bell states of qudits by means of linear optics


  The question of the discrimination of the Bell states of two qudits (i.e.,
d-dimensional quantum systems) by means of passive linear optical elements and
conditional measurements is discussed. A qudit is supposed to be represented by
d optical modes containing exactly one photon altogether. From recent results
of Calsamiglia it follows that there is no way how to distinguish the Bell
states of two qudits for d>2 - not even with the probability of success lower
than one - without any auxiliary photons in ancillary modes. Following the
results of Carollo and Palma it is proved that it is impossible to distinguish
even only one such a Bell state with certainty (i.e., with the probability of
success equal to one), irrespective of how many auxiliary photons are involved.
However, it is shown that auxiliary photons can help to discriminate the Bell
states of qudits with the high probability of success: A Bell-state analyzer
based on the idea of linear optics quantum computation that can achieve the
probability of success arbitrarily close to one is described. It requires many
auxiliary photons that must be first "combined" into entangled states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127076 </DOCNO>
High-Energy Neutrinos from Photomeson Processes in Blazars


  An important radiation field for photomeson neutrino production in blazars is
shown to be the radiation field external to the jet. Assuming that protons are
accelerated with the same power as electrons and injected with a -2 number
spectrum, we predict that km^2 neutrino telescopes will detect about
1-to-several neutrinos per year from flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) such
as 3C 279. The escaping high-energy neutron and photon beams transport inner
jet energy far from the black-hole engine, and could power synchrotron X-ray
jets and FR II hot spots and lobes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124406 </DOCNO>
Response of a Spaceborn Gravitational Wave Antenna to Solar Oscillations


  We investigate the possibility of observing very small amplitude low
frequency solar oscillations with the proposed laser interferometer space
antenna LISA. For frequencies below $\sim 2\times 10^{-4}$ Hz the dominant
contribution is from the near zone time dependent gravitational quadrupole
moments associated with the normal modes of oscillation. For frequencies $\nu$
above $\sim 3\times 10^{-4}$ Hz the dominant contribution is from gravitational
radiation generated by the quadrupole oscillations which is larger than the
Newtonian signal by a factor $\sim (2 \pi r \nu/ c)^4$, where $r$ is the
distance to the Sun, and $c$ is the velocity of light.
  The low order solar quadrupole pressure and gravity oscillation modes have
not yet been detected above the solar background by helioseismic velocity and
intensity measurements. Our estimates of the amplitudes needed to give a
detectable signal on a LISA type space laser interferometer imply surface
velocity amplitudes on the sun of the order of 1-10 mm/sec in the frequency
range $1 - 5~10^{-4}$Hz. Such surface velocities are below the current
sensitivity limits on helioseismic measurements. If modes exist with
frequencies and amplitudes in this range they could be detected with a LISA
type laser interferometer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129162 </DOCNO>
Discovery of Reflection Nebulosity Around Five Vega-like Stars


  Coronagraphic optical observations of six Vega-like stars reveal reflection
nebulosities, five of which were previously unknown. The nebulosities
illuminated by HD 4881, HD 23362, HD 23680, HD 26676, and HD 49662 resemble
that of the Pleiades, indicating an interstellar origin for dust grains. The
reflection nebulosity around HD 123160 has a double-arm morphology, but no
disk-like feature is seen as close as 2.5 arcsec from the star in K-band
adaptive optics data. We demonstrate that uniform density dust clouds
surrounding HD 23362, HD 23680 and HD 123160 can account for the observed
12-100 micron spectral energy distributions. For HD 4881, HD 26676, and HD
49662 an additional emission source, such as from a circumstellar disk or
non-equilibrium grain heating, is required to fit the 12-25 micron data. These
results indicate that in some cases, particularly for Vega-like stars located
beyond the Local Bubble (>100 pc), the dust responsible for excess thermal
emission may originate from the interstellar medium rather than from a
planetary debris system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179737 </DOCNO>
The Hypernuclei $^4_\Lambda$He and $^4_\Lambda$H: Challenges for Modern


  The hypernuclei $^4_\Lambda$He and $^4_\Lambda$H provide important
information on the hyperon-nucleon interaction. We present accurate
Faddeev-Yakubovsky calculations for the $\Lambda$ separation energies of the
$0^+$ ground and the $1^+$ excited states based on the Nijmegen SC YN
interactions. We explicitly take the $\Sigma$ admixture into account. Mass
differences of the baryons and the charge-dependence of the interaction are
considered. The results show that the Nijmegen models cannot predict all
separation energies simultaneously hinting to failures of the current
interaction models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148123 </DOCNO>
Object picture of quasinormal ringing on the background of small


  We investigated the evolution of a scalar field propagating in small
Schwarzschild Anti-de Sitter black holes. The imaginary part of the quasinormal
frequency decreases with the horizon size and the real part of the quasinormal
frequency keeps nearly as a constant. The object-picture clarified the question
on the quasinormal modes for small Anti-de Sitter black holes. Dependence of
quasinormal modes on spacetime dimensions and the multipole index for small
Anti-de Sitter black holes have also been illustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127371 </DOCNO>
All-sky astrophysical component separation with Fast Independent


  We present a new, fast, algorithm for the separation of astrophysical
components superposed in maps of the sky, based on the fast Independent
Component Analysis technique (FastICA). It allows to recover both the spatial
pattern and the frequency scalings of the emissions from statistically
independent astrophysical processes, present along the line-of-sight, from
multi-frequency observations. We apply FastICA to simulated observations of the
microwave sky with angular resolution and instrumental noise at the mean
nominal levels for the Planck satellite, containing the most important known
diffuse signals: the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), Galactic synchrotron,
dust and free-free emissions. A method for calibrating the reconstructed maps
of each component at each frequency has been devised. The spatial pattern of
all the components have been recovered on all scales probed by the instrument.
In particular, the CMB angular power spectra is recovered at the percent level
up to $\ell_{max}\simeq 2000$. Frequency scalings and normalization have been
recovered with better than percent precision for all the components at
frequencies and in sky regions where their signal-to-noise ratio exceeds 1.5;
the error increases at ten percent level for signal-to-noise ratios about 1.
Runs have been performed on a Pentium III 600 MHz computer; FastICA typically
took a time of the order of 10 minutes for all-sky simulations with 3.5
arcminutes pixel size. We conclude that FastICA is an extremly promising
technique for analyzing the maps that will be obtained by the forthcoming high
resolution CMB experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41314 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the ratio of differential cross sections for W and Z


  We report on a measurement of the ratio of the differential cross sections
for W and Z boson production as a function of transverse momentum in
proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. This measurement uses data
recorded by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron in 1994-1995. It
represents the first investigation of a proposal that ratios between W and Z
observables can be calculated reliably using perturbative QCD, even when the
individual observables are not. Using the ratio of differential cross sections
reduces both experimental and theoretical uncertainties, and can therefore
provide smaller overall uncertainties in the measured mass and width of the W
boson than current methods used at hadron colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7173 </DOCNO>
Phonon Squeezed States: Quantum Noise Reduction in Solids


  This article discusses quantum fluctuation properties of a crystal lattice,
and in particular, phonon squeezed states. Squeezed states of phonons allow a
reduction in the quantum fluctuations of the atomic displacements to below the
zero-point quantum noise level of coherent phonon states. Here we discuss our
studies of both continuous-wave and impulsive second-order Raman scattering
mechanisms. The later approach was used to experimentally suppress (by one part
in a million only, which might be noise) fluctuations in phonons (and it has
not been clearly reproduced by other experimental groups). We calculate the
expectation values and fluctuations of both the atomic displacement and the
lattice amplitude operators, as well as the effects of the phonon squeezed
states on macroscopically measurable quantities, such as changes in the
dielectric constant. These results are compared with recent experiments.
Further information, including preprints and animations, are available in
http://www-personal.engin.umich.edu/\~nori/squeezed.html

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1831 </DOCNO>
Superconducting gap parameters of MgB2 obtained on MgB2/Ag and MgB2/In


  MgB2 superconducting wires with critical temperature Tc approaching 40 K were
used for preparation of MgB2/Ag and MgB2/In junctions. The differential
conductance vs. voltage characteristics of N-S junctions exhibit clear
contribution of Andreev reflection. Using modified BTK theory for s-wave
superconductors two order parameters 4 meV and 2.6 meV have been determined
from temperature dependencies. Surprisingly, larger order parameter vanishes at
lower temperature ~20 K than smaller one with Tc 38 K. Both the magnitudes of
the order parameters and their critical temperatures are in good agreement with
theoretical calculations of electron-phonon coupling in MgB$_2$ carried out by
Liu et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77010 </DOCNO>
Recent searches for solar axions and large extra dimensions


  We analyze the data from two recent experiments designed to search for solar
axions within the context of multidimensional theories of the Kaluza-Klein
type. In these experiments, axions were supposed to be emitted from the solar
core, in M1 transitions between the first excited state and the ground state of
57Fe and 7Li. Because of the high multiplicity of axionic Kaluza-Klein states
which couple with the strength of ordinary QCD axions, we obtain much more
stringent experimental limits on the four-dimensional Peccei-Quinn breaking
scale f_{PQ}, compared with the solar QCD axion limit. Specifically, for the
57Fe experiment, f_{PQ}>1x10^6 GeV in theories with two extra dimensions and a
higher-dimensional gravitational scale M_H of order 100 TeV, and f_{PQ}>1x10^6
GeV in theories with three extra dimensions and M_H of order 1 TeV (to be
compared with the QCD axion limit, f_{PQ}>8x10^3 GeV). For the 7Li experiment,
f_{PQ}>1.4x10^5 GeV and 3.4x10^5 GeV, respectively (to be compared with the QCD
axion limit, f_{PQ}>1.9x10^2 GeV). It is an interesting feature of our results
that, in most cases, the obtained limit on f_{PQ} cannot be coupled with the
mass of the axion, which is essentially set by the (common) radius of the extra
dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73488 </DOCNO>
Charge and Color Breaking conditions associated with the top quark


  In the MSSM, the Charge and Color Breaking (CCB) vacuum in the plane
$(H_2,\tilde{t}_L, \tilde{t}_R)$ typically deviates largely from all D-flat
directions, due to the large effects induced by the presence of the top quark
Yukawa coupling. As a result, the critical CCB bound on the trilinear soft term
$A_t$ becomes more restrictive than the D-flat bound $A_t^2 \le 3
(m_{\tilde{t}_L}^2+m_{\tilde{t}_R}^2+m_2^2)$. For large $\tan \beta$, we
consider the effect of a splitting between the soft squark masses
$m_{\tilde{t}_L},m_{\tilde{t}_R}$ on this optimal CCB bound and give a useful
approximation for it, accurate within 1% in all interesting phenomenological
cases. The physical implications on the top squark mass spectrum and the
one-loop upper bound on the lightest CP-even Higgs boson mass are also
discussed in a model-independent way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125468 </DOCNO>
The Blandford-Znajek mechanism with Vacuum Breakdown as a Gamma-ray


  The energetics of the long duration GRB phenomenum is compared with the BZ
mechanism. A rough estimate of the energy extracted from a rotating Black Hole
with the Blandford-Znajek mechanism is evaluated with a very simple assumption:
an inelastic collision between the rotating BH and an accreting torus. The GRB
energetics requires an high magnetic field that breaks down the vacuum around
the BH and gives origin to a e$^\pm$ fireball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76045 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment: a consistency check for the


  A model for verifying a consistency of the next-to-leading order hadronic
contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment with those of the leading
order is proposed. A part of the next-to-leading order hadronic contributions
related to the vacuum polarization is rather accurately reproduced in the
model. I find a new numerical value for the light-by-light hadronic
contribution that leads to agreement with recent experimental result for the
muon anomalous magnetic moment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98655 </DOCNO>
Mackey-Glass type delay differential equations near the boundary of


  For equations $ x'(t) = -x(t) + \zeta f(x(t-h)), x \in \R, f'(0)= -1, \zeta >
0,$ with $C^3$-nonlinearity $f$ which has negative Schwarzian derivative and
satisfies $xf(x) < 0$ for $x\not=0$, we prove convergence of all solutions to
zero when both $\zeta -1 >0$ and $h(\zeta-1)^{1/8}$ are less than some constant
(independent on $h,\zeta$). This result gives additional insight to the
conjecture about the equivalence between local and global asymptotical
stabilities in the Mackey-Glass type delay differential equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74941 </DOCNO>
Puzzles in astrophysics in the past and present


  About 400 years have passed since the great discoveries by Galilei, Kepler
and Newton, but astronomy still remains an important source of discoveries in
physics. They start with puzzles, with phenomena difficult to explain, and
which in fact need for explanation the new physics. Are such puzzles existing
now? There are at least three candidates: absence of absorption of TeV gamma
radiation in extragalactic space (violation of Lorentz invariance?), absence of
GZK cutoff in the spectrum of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (new particle
physics?), tremendous energy (up to $10^{54}$ ergs) released in Gamma Ray
Bursts during a time scale of a second (collapsing stars or sources of a new
type?). Do these puzzles really exist? A critical review of these phenomena is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6205 </DOCNO>
Phase separation of penetrable core mixtures


  A two-component system of penetrable particles interacting via a gaussian
core potential is considered, which may serve as a crude model for binary
polymer solutions. The pair structure and thermodynamic properties are
calculated within the random phase approximation (RPA) and the hypernetted
chain (HNC) integral equation. The analytical RPA predictions are in
semi-quantitative agreement with the numerical solutions of the HNC
approximation, which itself is very accurate for gaussian core systems. A
fluid-fluid phase separation is predicted to occur for a broad range of
potential parameters. The pair structure exhibits a nontrivial clustering
behaviour of the minority component. Similiar conclusions hold for the related
model of parabolic core mixtures, which is frequently used in dissipative
particle dynamics (DPD) simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148451 </DOCNO>
Master Canonical Action and BRST Charge of the M Theory Bosonic Five


  A complete analysis of the canonical structure for a gauge fixed PST bosonic
five brane action is performed. This canonical formulation is quadratic in the
dependence on the antisymmetric field and it has second class constraints. We
remove the second class constraints and a master canonical action with only
first class constraints is proposed. The nilpotent BRST charge and its BRST
invariant effective theory is constructed. The construction does not assume the
existence of the inverse of the induced metric. Singular configurations are
then physical ones. We obtain the physical Hamiltonian of the theory and
analyze its stability properties. Finally, by studying the algebra of
diffeomorphisms we find under mild assumptions the general structure for the
Hamiltonian constraint for theories invariant under 6 dimensional
diffeomorphisms and we give an algebraic characterization of the constraint
associated with the bosonic five brane action. We also identify the constraint
for the bosonic five brane action upgraded with a cosmological term, it
contains a Born-Infeld type term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73753 </DOCNO>
Two-loop Barr-Zee type Contributions to $(g-2)_\mu$ in the MSSM


  We consider the contribution of a two-loop Barr-Zee type diagram to
$(g-2)_\mu$ in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). At relatively
large $\tan\beta$, we show that the contribution of light third generation
scalar fermions and neutral CP-even Higgs, $h^0(H^0)$, can easily explain the
very recent BNL experimental data. In our analysis $(g-2)_\mu$ prefers negative
$A_{f}$ and positive $\mu$. It is more sensitive to the chirality flipping
$h^0(H^0)\wt{f}_R^*\wt{f}_L$ rather than chirality conserving couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7192 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of Ginzburg-Landau model coupled to massless Dirac


  We point out interesting effects of additional massless Dirac fermions with
N_F colors upon the critical behavior of the Ginzburg-Landau model. For
increasing N_F, the model is driven into the type II regime of
superconductivity. The critical exponents are given as a function of N_F.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6967 </DOCNO>
Non-uniform thermal magnetization noise in thin films: application to


  A general scheme is developed to analyze the effect of non-uniform thermal
magnetization fluctuations in a thin film. The normal mode formalism is
utilized to calculate random magnetization fluctuations. The magnetization
noise is proportional to the temperature and inversely proportional to the film
volume. The total noise power is the sum of normal mode spectral noises and
mainly determined by spin-wave standing modes with an odd number of
oscillations. The effect rapidly decreases with increasing mode number. An
exact analytical calcutaion is presented for a two-cell model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1239 </DOCNO>
Sine-Gordon description of the scaling three-state Potts antiferromagnet


  The scaling limit as T->0 of the antiferromagnetic three-state Potts model on
the square lattice is described by the sine-Gordon quantum field theory at a
specific value of the coupling. We show that the correspondence follows
unambigously from an analysis of the sine-Gordon operator space based on
locality, and that the scalar operators carrying solitonic charge play an
essential role in the description of the lattice model. We then evaluate the
correlation functions within the form factor approach and give a number of
universal predictions that can be checked in numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127694 </DOCNO>
Gravitationally lensed high redshift galaxies in the field of 1E0657-56


  We present images and long-slit spectra obtained with FORS1 at UT1 of the VLT
centered on the gravitational arc of the galaxy cluster 1E0657-56 (z = 0.296).
The cluster is one of the hottest, most massive clusters known so far and acts
as a powerful gravitational telescope, amplifying the flux of background
sources by up to a factor of 17.
  We present photometric results together with the spectra of the gravitational
arc (z = 3.24) and four additional amplified high redshift objects (z = 2.34 to
3.08) that were also included in the slit by chance coincidence. A
magnification map has been obtained from a lens model derived from the multiple
image systems. We compare our observed spectra with models and briefly discuss
the stellar contents of these galaxies.
  Furthermore we measured the equivalent widths of the CIV 1550 and SiIV 1400
absorption lines for the objects behind 1E0657-56 studied here, as well as for
some additional starburst galaxies (nearby and at high z). For CIV we find an
increasing absorption equivalent width with decreasing redshift. We discuss
whether this correlation could be related to the increase of metallicity with
the age of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76517 </DOCNO>
Hadronization mechanisms and spin effects in high energy fragmentation


  Spin effects in high energy fragmentation processes can provide us with
important information on hadronization mechanisms and spin structure of
hadrons. It can in particular give new tests to the hadronization models. In
this talk, we make a brief introduction to the different topics studied in this
connection and a short summary of the available data. After that, we present a
short summary of the main theoretical results we obtained in studying these
different topics. The talk was mainly based on the publications [4-8] which
have been finished in collaboration with C.Boros, Liu Chun-xiu and Xu Qing-hua.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76627 </DOCNO>
Quarkonium Formation at High Energy


  The production of quarkonium in heavy ion collisions is studied at RHIC and
LHC energies. General arguments indicate that, due to initial production of
multiple quark pairs in each central collision, the final population of
quarkonium may exhibit significant enhancements over straightforward
extrapolation of behavior at SPS energy. Explicit calculations based on both a
statistical hadronization picture and a kinetic formation mechanism in a
deconfined state verify these general expectations. Such enhancements will
alter the nature of how quarkonium yields may be used as a signature of
deconfinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73441 </DOCNO>
Summary Talk: First Workshop on Forward Physics and Luminosity


  An attempt is made to summarize the discussion at the Workshop, except for
the panel discussion on the ability of the LHC detectors to accommodate forward
reactions. The Workshop focused on two main topics. The first topic was forward
physics at the LHC. Predictions were made for forward reactions, including
elastic scattering and soft diffractive processes, intopic was forward physics
at the LHC. Predictions were made for forward reactions, including elastic
scattering and soft diffractive processes, in terms of (multi) Pomeron
exchange, using knowledge gained at lower energies. The survival probability of
rapidity gaps accompanying hard subprocesses was studied. The nature of the
Pomeron, before and after QCD, was exposed, and some aspects of small x physics
at the LHC were considered. The second topic of the Workshop concerned the
accuracy of the luminosity measuring processes at the LHC. Attention
concentrated on three methods. The classic approach based on the optical
theorem, secondly, the observation of the pure QED process of lepton-pair
(l^+l^-) production by photon-photon fusion and, finally, the measurement of
inclusive W and Z production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6227 </DOCNO>
Multiscaling in Ising quantum chains with random Hilhorst-van Leeuwen


  We consider the influence on the surface critical behaviour of a quantum
Ising chain of quenched random surface perturbations decaying as a power of the
distance from the surface (random Hilhorst-van Leeuwen models). We study,
analytically and numerically, the multiscaling behaviour of the surface
magnetization and the surface energy density in the case of marginal
perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72933 </DOCNO>
Disagreement between standard model and experiment for muon g-2 ?


  In a recent experimental paper reporting a precise measurement of the muon
anomalous magnetic moment, Brown et al. claim disagreement of their result with
evaluations based on the standard model. This claim is based on comparison with
a single theoretical evaluation. It is pointed out that other equally
legitimate theoretical evaluations exist in the literature, with which the new
experimental figure is quite compatible. The claim of indications for new
physics beyond the standard model does not appear justified. In this version we
take into account corrections to one of the works quoted, we include a new
discussion at the end, and also minor errors are corrected. The conclusions
remain unchanged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127782 </DOCNO>
Binary Population Synthesis: Low- and Intermediate-Mass X-Ray Binaries


  As has only recently been recognized, X-ray binaries with intermediate-mass
secondaries are much more important than previously believed. To assess the
relative importance of low- and intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs and
IMXBs), we have initiated a systematic study of these systems consisting of two
parts: an exploration of the evolution of LMXBs and IMXBs for a wide range of
initial masses and orbital periods using detailed binary stellar evolution
calculations, and an integration of these results into a Monte-Carlo binary
population synthesis code. Here we present some of the main results of our
binary calculations and some preliminary results of the population synthesis
study for a ``standard'' reference model. While the inclusion of IMXBs improves
the agreement with the observed properties of ``LMXBs'', several significant
discrepancies remain, which suggests that additional physical processes need to
be included in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98902 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative extensions of the Fourier transform and its logarithm


  We introduce and study noncommutative extensions of the Fourier transform and
its logarithm to the algebra of functions on the free semigroup FS(2) on two
generators with the convolution multiplication. These extensions are new types
of moment and cumulant generating functions, respectively, the latter
corresponding to the cumulants which are additive under the so-called filtered
convolution on the free *-algebra on two generators. This algebra plays the
role of a ``noncommutative plane'' built on the ``classical real line'' and the
``boolean real line''. The restrictions of the cumulant generating function to
the commutative subsemigroups generated by single generators give the logarithm
of the Fourier transform and the K-transform in the boolean case, respectively.
In turn, the moment generating function is a ``semigroup interpolation''
between the Fourier transform and the Cauchy transform. Using suitable weight
function $W$ on the semigroup, both generating functions become elements of the
Banach algebra $l^{1}(FS(2),W)$. The main results of the paper are based on the
new combinatorics developed for the cumulants, the Moebius function and the
moment-cumulant formulas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124844 </DOCNO>
RXTE monitoring of Centaurus A


  We report on the analysis from ~110 ks of X-ray observations of Centaurus A
carried out with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) and the High Energy X-ray
Timing Experiment (HEXTE) instruments on Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE)
during three monitoring campaigns over the last 4 years (10 ks in 1996, 74 ks
in 1998, and 25 ks in 2000). The joint PCA/HEXTE X-ray spectrum can be well
described by a heavily absorbed power law with photon index 1.8 and a narrow
iron line due to fluorescence of cold matter. The measured column depth
decreased by about 30% between 1996 and 2000, while the detected 2-10 keV
continuum flux remained constant between 1996 and 1998, but increased by 60% in
2000. Since in all three observations the iron line flux did not vary, a
corresponding decrease in equivalent width was noted. No appreciable evidence
for a reflection continuum in the spectrum was detected. We present the
interpretation of the iron line strength through Monte Carlo computations of
various geometries. No significant temporal variability was found in Cen A at
time scales from days to tens of minutes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72672 </DOCNO>
Charmed baryons in bootstrap quark model


  In the framework of dispersion relation technique the relativistic
three-quark equations including heavy quarks are found. The approximate
solutions of the relativistic three-particles equations based on the extraction
of leading singularities of amplitudes are obtained. The mass values of S-wave
multiplets of charmed baryons are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5124 </DOCNO>
Statistical ensembles and density of states


  We propose a definition of microcanonical and canonical statistical ensembles
based on the concept of density of states. This definition applies both to the
classical and the quantum case. For the microcanonical case this allows for a
definition of a temperature and its fluctuation, which might be useful in the
theory of mesoscopic systems. In the quantum case the concept of density of
states applies to one-particle Schroedinger operators, in particular to
operators with a periodic potential or to random Anderson type models. In the
case of periodic potentials we show that for the resulting $n$-particle system
the density of states is $[(n-1)/2]$ times differentiable, such that like for
classical microcanonical ensembles a (positive) temperature may be defined
whenever $n\geq 5$. We expect that a similar result should also hold for
Anderson type models. We also provide the first terms in asymptotic expansions
of thermodynamic quantities at large energies for the microcanonical ensemble
and at large temperatures for the canonical ensemble. A comparison shows that
then both formulations asymptotically give the same results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72494 </DOCNO>
Precision Higgs Physics at a Future Linear Collider


  Assuming that a Higgs sector is responsible for electroweak symmetry
breaking, we attempt to address two important questions: How much better
precision are various measurements of Higgs boson properties at a future linear
collider than at the LHC? What can a future linear collider do for Higgs
physics that the LHC cannot?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74545 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production in the Semihard QCD Approach at HERA and Beyond


  Processes of heavy quark production at HERA, TEVATRON and THERA energies are
considered using the semihard ($k_T$ factorization) QCD approach with emphasis
on the BFKL dynamics of gluon distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126279 </DOCNO>
Including star formation and supernova feedback within cosmological


  We investigate phenomenological models of star formation and supernova
feedback in N-body/SPH simulations of galaxy formation. First, we compare
different prescriptions in the literature for turning cold gas into stars
neglecting feedback effects. We find that most prescriptions give broadly
similar results: the ratio of cold gas to stars in the final galaxies is
primarily controlled by the range of gas densities where star formation is
allowed to proceed efficiently. In the absence of feedback, the fraction of gas
that cools is much too high resulting, for example, in a K-band luminosity
function that is much brighter than observed. This problem is ameliorated by
including a feedback model which either imparts radial kinetic perturbations to
galactic gas or directly reheats such material and prevents it from cooling for
a certain period of time. In both these models, a significant fraction of cold
gas is heated and expelled from haloes with an efficiency that varies inversely
with with halo circular velocity. Increasing the resolution of a simulation
allows a wider dynamic range in mass to be followed, but the average properties
of the resolved galaxy population remain largely unaffected. However, as the
resolution is increased, more and more gas is reheated by small galaxies; our
results suggest that convergence requires the full mass range of galaxies to be
resolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74511 </DOCNO>
Baryonic Rare Decays of $\Lambda_b\to \Lambda \ell^+\ell^-$


  We present a systematic analysis for the rare baryonic exclusive decays of
$\Lambda_b\to\Lambda l^+ l^- (l=e,\mu,\tau)$. We study the differential decay
rates and the di-lepton forward-backward, lepton polarization and various CP
asymmetries with a new simple set of form factors inspired by the heavy quark
effective theory. We show that most of the observables are insensitive to the
non-perturbative QCD effects. To illustrate the effect of new physics, we
discuss our results in an explicit supersymmetric extension of the standard
model, which contains new CP violating phases and therefore induces sizable CP
violating asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174635 </DOCNO>
Transition from Thermal to Rapid Expansion in Multifragmentation of Gold


  Multiple emission of intermediate-mass fragments has been studied for the
collisions of p, $^4$He and $^{12}$C on Au with the $4\pi$ setup FASA. In the
case of $^{12}$C(22.4 GeV)+Au and $^4$He(14.6 GeV)+Au collisions, the
deviations from a pure thermal break-up are seen in the energy spectra of the
emitted fragments: the spectra are harder than calculated and than measured in
p-induced collisions. This difference is attributed to a collective flow with
the expansion velocity on the surface about 0.1 $c$ (for $^{12}$C+Au
collisions).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3641 </DOCNO>
Saturation of electrical resistivity in metals at large temperatures


  We present a microscopic model for systems showing resistivity saturation. An
essentially exact quantum Monte-Carlo calculation demonstrates that the model
describes saturation. We give a simple explanation for saturation, using charge
conservation and considering the limit where thermally excited phonons have
destroyed the periodicity. Crucial model features are phonons coupling to the
hopping matrix elements and a unit cell with several atoms. We demonstrate the
difference to a model of alkali-doped C60 with coupling to the level positions,
for which there is no saturation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128390 </DOCNO>
Revisiting Brightest Cluster Galaxy Evolution with the Las Campanas


  We investigate the influence of environment on brightest cluster galaxy (BCG)
evolution using a sample of 63 clusters at 0.3 < z < 0.9 drawn primarily from
the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey and follow-up V, I, and K' photometry.
The luminosity evolution of the entire BCG sample is not adequately described
by a single evolutionary model. Using the integrated light from the cluster
detection as a proxy for cluster Lx and the suggestion by Burke, Collins, &
Mann, we set Lx = 2 x 10^{44} ergs/s to be the division between high and low
luminosity clusters. At high redshift (z>0.6) BCGs from low-Lx clusters are
fainter, on average, than those from high-Lx clusters and are best modeled as
having constant luminosity with redshift. The BCGs from high-Lx cluster are
best modeled as having a stellar population that formed at large redshift
(z_form > 5) and is passively evolving. However, for the entire BCG population,
the observed V-I and I-K' colors are well described by a single evolutionary
model in which the stellar populations have z_form > 5 and subsequently
passively evolve. We conclude that accretion is proportionally more significant
for BCGs in lower mass clusters at these redshifts (factor of 2 to 4 increase
in mass since z ~ 1 for the low Lx systems) and that the accreted matter is in
the form of systems with evolved stellar populations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76646 </DOCNO>
The circle electromagnetic pulsar


  The power spectrum formula of the synchrotron radiation generated by the
electron and positron moving along the concentric circles at the opposite
angular velocities in homogenous magnetic field is derived in the Schwinger
version of quantum electrodynamics. The asymptotical form of this formula is
found. The spectrum depends periodically on time which means that the system
composed from electron, positron and magnetic field forms the pulsating system.
The similar calculations are performed in the case that the circles of motion
are excentric.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73041 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Structure and Parity-Violating Electron Scattering


  We review the area of strange quark contributions to nucleon structure. In
particular, we focus on current models of strange quark vector currents in the
nucleon and the associated parity-violating elastic electron scattering
experiments from which vector- and axial-vector currents are extracted

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85778 </DOCNO>
Influence of the Particles Creation on the Flat and Negative Curved FLRW


  We present a dynamical analysis of the (classical) spatially flat and
negative curved Friedmann-Lameitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universes evolving,
(by assumption) close to the thermodynamic equilibrium, in presence of a
particles creation process, described by means of a realiable phenomenological
approach, based on the application to the comoving volume (i. e. spatial volume
of unit comoving coordinates) of the theory for open thermodynamic systems. In
particular we show how, since the particles creation phenomenon induces a
negative pressure term, then the choice of a well-grounded ansatz for the time
variation of the particles number, leads to a deep modification of the very
early standard FLRW dynamics. More precisely for the considered FLRW models, we
find (in addition to the limiting case of their standard behaviours) solutions
corresponding to an early universe characterized respectively by an "eternal"
inflationary-like birth and a spatial curvature dominated singularity. In both
these cases the so-called horizon problem finds a natural solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41422 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Mass Moments in Inclusive Semileptonic B Meson Decays


  We have measured the first and second moments of the hadronic mass-squared
distribution in B -> X_c l nu, for P(lepton) > 1.5 GeV/c. We find <M_X^2 -
M_D[Bar]^2> = 0.251 +- 0.066 GeV^2, < (M_X^2 -<M_X^2>)^2 > = 0.576 +- 0.170
GeV^4, where M_D[Bar] is the spin-averaged D meson mass.
  From that first moment and the first moment of the photon energy spectrum in
b -> s gamma, we find the HQET parameter lambda_1 (MS[Bar], to order 1/M^3 and
beta_0 alpha_s^2) to be -0.24 +- 0.11 GeV^2. Using these first moments and the
B semileptonic width, and assuming parton-hadron duality, we obtain |V_cb| =
0.0404 +- 0.0013.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5574 </DOCNO>
Temperature dependent shifts in collective excitations of a gaseous


  The moment method is applied to the quantum theory for a trapped dilute gas,
obtaining equations for the evolution of the cloud. These equations proof the
existence of undamped oscillations in a two-dimensional harmonic trap with
radial symmetry. In all other cases we can, with physically reasonable
approximations, solve the equations and find the frequencies of the collective
modes for all temperatures, from the pure Bose-Einstein condensate up to the
normal gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97426 </DOCNO>
Parameterizing Hecke algebra modules: Bernstein-Zelevinsky


  This paper provides a combinatorial dictionary between three sets of objects:
Bernstein-Zelevinsky multisegments, Kleshchev multipartitions, and the
irreducible modules of the affine Hecke algebra $H_n$ (for generic $q$).
  In particular, we compute the action of the crystal operator $\tilde{e}_i$ (a
refinement of socle of Restriction) on an irreducible module both in terms of
its parameterization by multisegments and by multipartitions. In other words,
we give explicit crystal graph isomorphisms.
  A byproduct is the determination of which multisegments parameterize modules
of the {\it cyclotomic} Hecke algebra $H_n^\lambda$. The theorems also explain
why the rule for computing $\tilde{e}_i$ mirrors the rule we know for that on a
tensor product of crystal graphs.
  We also give a construction of the irreducible module parameterized by a
multipartition without relying on a choice of path in the crystal graph.
  The proofs given here are elementary and do not rely on any geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5044 </DOCNO>
Template-Directed Self-Assembly of Buried Nanowires and the Pearling


  The fabrication of more and more miniaturized electronic and photonic devices
relies on new, ingenious methods for the fabrication of spatially controlled
nanostructures. Examples are electronic devices based on semiconducting
nanowires and photonic devices based on chains of metallic nanoclusters that
guide light by coupled surface plasmons. In this contribution a
template-directed ion beam synthesis of nanowires and regular nanocluster
chains will be presented. As templates, V-grooves etched in (001)Si and
subsequently oxidized are used. High fluence Ge+ implantation is carried out
into the SiO2 layer at 70 keV. Thereby, the implanted Ge enriches themselves in
the V-groove bottom to a critical amount, which may result in nanowire
formation by nucleation, growth and coalescence during subsequent thermal
treatment. TEM investigations indicate the formation of a nanowire buried in
the SiO2 at the V-groove bottom.
  Kinetic lattice Monte Carlo simulations of the nanowire formation process
were performed in order to understand the phase separation mechanism and
results are compared to TEM images. Furthermore, it is shown that even ideal
nanowires show a instability and form during long-lasting annealing
equal-spaced and equal-sized nanoclusters ("nanocluster chains") by
self-organization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75543 </DOCNO>
Analysis of ordinary and radiative muon capture in liquid hydrogen


  A simultaneous analysis is made of the measured rates of ordinary muon
capture (OMC) and radiative muon capture (RMC) in liquid hydrogen, using
theoretical estimates for the relevant atomic capture rates that have been
obtained in chiral perturbation theory with the use of the most recent values
of the coupling constants. We reexamine the basic formulas for relating the
atomic OMC and RMC rates to the liquid-hydrogen OMC and RMC rates,
respectively. Although the analysis is significantly influenced by ambiguity in
the molecular state population, we can demonstrate that, while the OMC data can
be reproduced, the RMC data can be explained only with unrealistic values of
the coupling constants; the degree of difficulty becomes even more severe when
we try to explain the OMC and RMC data simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128654 </DOCNO>
Cold dust in late-type Virgo Cluster galaxies


  We have statistically analyzed the spatially integrated far-infrared (FIR)
emissions of the complete volume- and luminosity-limited sample of late-type
(later than S0) Virgo cluster galaxies measured using the Infrared Space
Observatory (ISO) by Tuffs et al. (2002) in bands centered on 60, 100 and 170
microns. 30 out of 38 galaxies detected at all three wavelengths contain a cold
dust emission component, present within all morphological types of late-type
systems ranging from early giant spirals to Blue Compact Dwarfs (BCDs), and
which could not have been recognized by IRAS. The temperatures of the cold dust
were found to be broadly distributed, with a median of 18 K, some 8-10 K lower
than would have been predicted from IRAS. The derived total dust masses are
correspondingly increased by factors of typically 6 - 13. A particularly
significant result concerns the low dust temperatures (ranging down to less
than 10 K) and large dust masses associated with the Im and BCD galaxies in our
sample. We propose two scenarios to account for the FIR characteristics of
these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74353 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Electroweak Leptonic Observables


  We study vertex corrections to the leptonic electroweak observables in the
general MSSM at tan(beta) < 35. In particular, we address the question of
whether supersymmetry can be responsible for the observed 2 sigma deviation
from the Standard Model prediction in the invisible width of the Z. We find
that the presence of a light (around 100 GeV) chargino and sleptons hinted by
the muon g-2 measurements makes the agreement with experiment slightly better
and improves the electroweak fit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1866 </DOCNO>
Consistency of superconducting correlations with one-dimensional


  We show that a model of interacting electrons in one dimension is able to
explain the order of magnitude as well as the temperature dependence of the
critical supercurrents recently measured in nanotube samples placed between
superconducting contacts. We use bosonization methods to compute
superconducting correlations in the presence of the long-range Coulomb
interaction, ending up with a picture in which the critical current does not
follow the temperature dependence of the gap in the contacts, in contrast to
the prediction of the conventional proximity effect. Our results also reveal
the presence of a short-range attractive interaction in the nanotubes, which
accounts for a significant enhancement of the critical supercurrents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95709 </DOCNO>
Cross theorem


  Let $D, G\subset{\Bbb C}$ be domains, let $A\subset D$, $B\subset G$ be
locally regular sets, and let $X:=(D\times B)\cup(A\times G)$. Assume that $A$
is a Borel set. Let $M$ be a proper analytic subset of an open neighborhood of
$X$. Then there exists a pure 1-dimensional analytic subset $\hat M$ of the
envelope of holomorphy $\hat X$ of $X$ such that any function separately
holomorphic on $X\setminus M$ extends to a holomorphic function on $\hat
X\setminus\hat M$. The result generalizes special cases which were studied in
\cite{\"Okt 1998}, \cite{\"Okt 1999a}, and \cite{Sic 2000}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75708 </DOCNO>
The lepton pair production in heavy ion collisions in perturbation


  We derive the first terms in the amplitude of lepton pair production in the
Coulomb fields of two relativistic heavy ions. Using the Sudakov technique,
which very simplify the calculations in momentum space for the processes at
high energies, we get the compact analytical expressions for differential cross
section of the process under consideration in the lowest order in fine
structure constant (Born approximation) valid for any momentum transfer and in
a wide kinematics region for produced particles. Exploiting the same technique
we consider the next terms of perturbation series (up to fourth order in fine
structure constant) and investigate their energy dependence and limiting cases.
It has been shown that taking in account all relevant terms in corresponding
order one obtains the expressions which are gauge invariant and finite. We
estimate the contribution of the Coulomb corrections to the total cross section
and discuss the cancellations of the different terms which holds in the total
cross section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87021 </DOCNO>
Dilaton Black Holes on Thick Branes


  We study a black hole domain wall system in dilatonic gravity being the
low-energy limit of the string theory. Using the C-metric construction we
derive the metric for an infinitisemally thin domain wall intersecting dilaton
black hole. The behavior of the domain wall in the spacetime of dilaton black
hole was analyzed and it was revealed that the extereme dilaton black hole
always expelled the domain wall. We elaborated the back reaction problem and
concluded that topological kink solution smoothes out singularity of the
considered topological defect. Finally we gave some comments concerning
nucleation of dilaton black holes in the presence of the domain wall. We found
that domain walls would rather prefer to nucleate small black holes on them,
than large ones inside them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129276 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of SN 1987A at 0.9-2.4 microns: Days 1348-3158


  We present near-infrared spectroscopic observations of SN 1987A covering the
period 1358 to 3158 days post-explosion. This is the first time that IR spectra
of a supernova have been obtained to such late epochs. The spectra comprise
emission from both the ejecta and the bright, ring-shaped circumstellar medium
(CSM). The most prominent CSM emission lines are recombination lines of H I and
He I, and forbidden lines of [S III] and [Fe II]. The ejecta spectra include
allowed lines of H I, He I and Na I and forbidden lines of [Si I], [Fe I], [Fe
II], and possibly [S I]. The intensity ratios and widths of the H I ejecta
lines are consistent with a low-temperature Case B recombination spectrum
arising from non-thermal ionisation/excitation in an extended, adiabatically
cooled H-envelope, as predicted by several authors. The slow decline of the
ejecta forbidden lines, especially those of [Si I], indicates that pure
non-thermal excitation was taking place, driven increasingly by the decay of
44Ti. The ejecta iron exhibits particularly high velocities (4000-4500 km/s),
supporting scenarios where fast radioactive nickel is created and ejected just
after the core-bounce. In addition, the ejecta lines continue to exhibit
blueshifts with values about -200 km/s to -800 km/s to at least day 2000. These
blueshifts, which first appeared around day 600, probably indicate that very
dense concentrations of dust persist in the ejecta, although an alternative
explanation of asymmetry in the excitation conditions is not ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72722 </DOCNO>
Distributions of N=1 QCD


  We describe the N=1 supersymmetric evolution of the parton distributions with
coupled gluinos and scalar quarks (Exact Supersymmetric Altarelli Parisi or
ESAP). Superymmetric distributions are generated radiatively and studied as a
function of both a matching scale (the match is to an intermediate AP
evolution), parameterized by a scalar quark mass, and a final evolution scale.
The analysis involves also a comparison with the regular AP evolution.
Predictions for all the distributions are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179141 </DOCNO>
The deuteron: structure and form factors


  A brief review of the history of the discovery of the deuteron in provided.
The current status of both experiment and theory for the elastic electron
scattering is then presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126414 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Galaxy luminosity functions per spectral


  We calculate the optical bj luminosity function of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift
Survey (2dFGRS) for different subsets defined by their spectral properties.
These spectrally selected subsets are defined using a new parameter, eta, which
is a linear combination of the first two projections derived from a Principal
Component Analysis. This parameter eta identifies the average emission and
absorption line strength in the galaxy rest-frame spectrum and hence is a
useful indicator of the present star formation. We use a total of 75,000
galaxies in our calculations, chosen from a sample of high signal-to-noise
ratio, low redshift galaxies observed before January 2001. We find that there
is a systematic steepening of the faint end slope (alpha) as one moves from
passive (alpha = -0.54) to active (alpha = -1.50) star-forming galaxies, and
that there is also a corresponding faintening of the rest-frame characteristic
magnitude M* - 5\log_10(h) (from -19.6 to -19.2). We also show that the
Schechter function provides a poor fit to the quiescent (Type 1) LF for very
faint galaxies (M - 5log_10(h) fainter than -16.0), perhaps suggesting the
presence of a significant dwarf population. The luminosity functions presented
here give a precise confirmation of the trends seen previously in a much
smaller preliminary 2dFGRS sample, and in other surveys. We also present a new
procedure for determining self-consistent K-corrections and investigate
possible fibre-aperture biases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2465 </DOCNO>
Straight way to Thermo-Statistics, Phase Transitions, Second Law of


  Boltzmann's principle S(E,N,V)=k\ln W relates the entropy to the geometric
area e^{S(E,N,V)} of the manifold of constant energy in the N-body phase space.
  From the principle all thermodynamics and especially all phenomena of phase
transitions and critical phenomena can be deduced. The topology of the
curvature matrix C(E,N) (Hessian) of S(E,N) determines regions of pure phases,
regions of phase separation, and (multi-)critical points and lines. Thus,
C(E,N) describes all kind of phase-transitions with all their flavor. They are
linked to convex (upwards bending) intruders of S(E,N), here the canonical
ensemble defined by the Laplace transform to the intensive variables becomes
non-local and violates the basic conservation laws (it mixes widely different
conserved quantities). Thus Statistical Mechanics becomes a geometric theory
addressing the whole ensemble or the manifold of all points in phase space
which are consistent with the few macroscopic conserved control parameters.
Moreover, this interpretation leads to a straight derivation of irreversibility
and the Second Law of Thermodynamics out of the time-reversible microscopic
mechanical dynamics. It is the whole ensemble that spreads irreversibly over
the accessible phase space not the single N-body trajectory. This is all
possible without invoking the thermodynamic limit, extensivity, or concavity of
S(E,N,V) and also without invoking any cosmological constraints. It is further
shown that non-extensive Hamiltonian systems at equilibrium are described by
Boltzmann's principle and not by Tsallis non-extensive statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6173 </DOCNO>
Electron transport in a quasi-one dimensional channel on suspended


  Quasi-one dimensional electron systems have been created using a suspended
helium film on a structured substrate. The electron mobility along the channel
is calculated by taking into account the essential scattering processes of
electrons by helium atoms in the vapor phase, ripplons, and surface defects of
the film substrate. It is shown that the last scattering mechanism may dominate
the electron mobility in the low temperature limit changing drastically the
temperature dependence of the mobility in comparison with that controlled by
the electron-ripplon scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148789 </DOCNO>
Protected Operators in N=2,4 Supersymmetric Theories


  The anomalous dimension of single and multi-trace composite operators of
scalar fields is shown to vanish at all orders of the perturbative series. The
proof hold for theories with N=2 supersymmetry with any number of
hypermultiplets in a generic representation of the gauge group. It then applies
to the finite N=4 theory as well as to non conformal N=2 models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76927 </DOCNO>
Importance of reaction volume in hadronic collisions: Canonical


  We study the canonical flavor enhancement arising from exact conservation of
strangeness, and charm flavor. Both the theoretical motivation, and the
practical consequences are explored. We argue using qualitative theoretical
arguments and quantitative evaluation, that this proposal to reevaluate
strangeness signature of quark--gluon plasma is not able to explain the
majority of available experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7010 </DOCNO>
Unitary Limit of Spin-orbit scattering in two-dimensional s- and d-wave


  Non-magnetic impurities affect the paramagnetic response of superconductors
via the associated spin-orbit interaction which, when the non-magnetic impurity
is close to the unitary limit, must be treated beyond the classical Born
approximation. Here the Zeeman response of two-dimensional s- and d-wave
superconductors is calculated within the self-consistent T-matrix formulation
for both impurity and spin-orbit scatterings. It is shown that at the unitary
limit, for which the spin-orbit scattering is maximum, the spin-up and
spin-down channels becomes decoupled implying full Zeeman splitting of the
quasiparticle excitations. These results could be used to test the unitary
scattering hypothesis in high-Tc superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 454 </DOCNO>
Optimal spectrum for the borocarbides YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C


  The concept of an optimal electron-phonon interaction spectral density as an
Einstein spectrum which allows to describe all physical properties of a
superconductor in an optimal way is developed from Carbotte's original
definition of an optimum spectrum. It is shown, using the borocarbides YNi2B2C
and LuNi2B2C as examples, that such a concept is meaningful even for
anisotropic systems. An Einstein spectrum is sufficient for clean-limit
systems, a 2$\delta$-peak spectrum is better suited for anisotropic systems
with impurities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86559 </DOCNO>
The Search for a Standard Explanation of the Pioneer Anomaly


  We have reported an anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11 directed
towards the Sun of a_P = (8.74 \pm 1.33) \times 10^{-8} cm/s^2 [1,2]. Scheffer
[3] hypothesizes that the Pioneer anomaly can be accounted for by i)
non-isotropic thermal radiation through the closed louvers and that ii) this
radiation has been ``essentially constant throughout the mission.'' However,
the actual physical and operational properties of the craft, supported by
design and telemetry data, show that this hypothesis does not work. He then
arbitrarily modifies the solar radiation dynamics to save his argument [3]. But
if this modification were true, the Pioneer mission would have failed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127219 </DOCNO>
CMB Analysis


  We describe the subject of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) analysis - its
past, present and future. The theory of Gaussian primary anisotropies, those
arising from linear physics operating in the early Universe, is in reasonably
good shape so the focus has shifted to the statistical pipeline which confronts
the data with the theory: mapping, filtering, comparing, cleaning, compressing,
forecasting, estimating. There have been many algorithmic advances in the
analysis pipeline in recent years, but still more are needed for the forecasts
of high precision cosmic parameter estimation to be realized. For secondary
anisotropies, those arising once nonlinearity develops, the computational state
of the art currently needs effort in all the areas: the Sunyaev-Zeldovich
effect, inhomogeneous reionization, gravitational lensing, the Rees-Sciama
effect, dusty galaxies. We use the Sunyaev-Zeldovich example to illustrate the
issues. The direct interface with observations for these non-Gaussian signals
is much more complex than for Gaussian primary anisotropies, and even more so
for the statistically inhomogeneous Galactic foregrounds. Because all the
signals are superimposed, the separation of components inevitably complicates
primary CMB analyses as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75216 </DOCNO>
Two-Pion Exchange in proton-proton Scattering


  We present calculations of the two-pion-exchange contribution to
proton-proton scattering at 90 degrees using form factors appropriate for
representing the distribution of the constituent partons of the nucleon. Talk
given at MENU2001, George Washington University, July 26-31, 2001

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2410 </DOCNO>
Formation of d-wave superconducting order in a randomly doped lattice


  We consider the interplay between superconducting coupling and dopant
impurity scattering of charge carriers in planar square lattice systems and
examine physical conditions (doping level, temperature, local symmetry of
coupling and scattering potentials) necessary in this model system to obtain a
d-wave superconducting order, like that observed in real doped cuprate HTSC
materials. Using the Lifshitz model for the disorder introduced into system by
dopants, we analyze also the non-uniform structure of such d-wave parameter,
including both its magnitude and phase variation. The results indicate that
d-wave superconductivity turns possible in a doped metal until it can be
destroyed at too high doping levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127600 </DOCNO>
A new sample of large angular size radio galaxies. II. The optical data


  We constructed and presented in the first paper of this series a new sample
of 84 large angular size radio galaxies by selecting from the NRAO VLA Sky
Survey objects with angular size > 4', declination above +60 degrees and total
flux density at 1.4 GHz > 100 mJy. In this paper we present optical spectra and
images of those galaxies associated with the radio emission for which no
redshift was known prior to our observations. Optical counterparts have been
identified for all (but one) members of the sample. After our observations, a
reliable spectroscopic redshift is available for 67 objects (80%) from the
sample. This paper, second of a series of three, contributes to increase the
number of well defined samples of radio galaxies with ample spectroscopic
information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97999 </DOCNO>
Subgroups defining automorphisms in locally nilpotent groups


  We investigate some situation in which automorphisms of a group G are
uniquely determined by their restrictions to a proper subgroup H. Much of the
paper is devoted to studying under which additional hypotheses this property
forces G to be nilpotent if H is. As an application we prove that certain
countably infinite locally nilpotent groups have uncountably many (outer)
automorphisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126932 </DOCNO>
Sherpa: a Mission-Independent Data Analysis Application


  The ever-increasing quality and complexity of astronomical data underscores
the need for new and powerful data analysis applications. This need has led to
the development of Sherpa, a modeling and fitting program in the CIAO software
package that enables the analysis of multi-dimensional, multi-wavelength data.
In this paper, we present an overview of Sherpa's features, which include:
support for a wide variety of input and output data formats, including the new
Model Descriptor List (MDL) format; a model language which permits the
construction of arbitrarily complex model expressions, including ones
representing instrument characteristics; a wide variety of fit statistics and
methods of optimization, model comparison, and parameter estimation;
multi-dimensional visualization, provided by ChIPS; and new interactive
analysis capabilities provided by embedding the S-Lang interpreted scripting
language. We conclude by showing example Sherpa analysis sessions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125704 </DOCNO>
Hot Stars in Globular Cluster - A Spectroscopist's View


  Globular clusters are ideal laboratories to study the evolution of low-mass
stars. In this work we concentrate on three types of hot stars observed in
globular clusters: horizontal branch stars, UV bright stars, and white dwarfs.
After providing some historical background and information on gaps and blue
tails we discuss extensively hot horizontal branch stars in metal-poor globular
clusters, esp. their abundance anomalies and the consequences for the
determination of their atmospheric parameters and evolutionary status. Hot
horizontal branch stars in metal-rich globular clusters are found to form a
small, but rather inhomogeneous group that cannot be explained by one
evolutionary scenario. Hot UV bright stars show a lack of classic post-AGB
stars that may explain the lack of planetary nebulae in globular clusters.
Finally we discuss first results of spectroscopic observations of white dwarfs
in globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129131 </DOCNO>
Photometry and Spectroscopy of Eclipsing Binaries in omega Centauri


  Detached eclipsing double line spectroscopic binaries are accurate distance
indicators. They can be used for the direct determination of distances to
globular clusters in which such systems can be identified. The results of major
photometric surveys aimed at identification of variable stars in omega Cen are
summarized. Over 43 eclipsing binaries have been identified so far in the
cluster field of which only 8 objects are true detached systems. Distance and
age determinations are presented for the system OGLEGC-17. The apparent
distance modulus is (m-M)_{V}=14.09\pm 0.04 and the age of this binary is
tau=11.8\pm 0.6 Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124128 </DOCNO>
The radial velocities of the RS CVn star UX Ari. A triple system with a


  UX Ari belongs to the class of very active RS CVn stars and has recently been
the target of surface (Doppler) imaging. Although this technique needs a quite
accurate determination of the orbit (in order to have the correct period for
phasing and the correct Doppler shift correction of the line profiles) we found
only one, quite old orbit solution, which has subsequently been used by
everyone.
  We used published radial velocities (RVs), supplemented by a large number
(124) of our own recent, high-accuracy RVs of both the primary (K0 IV) and the
secondary (G5 V) to improve the orbit of UX Ari. In addition to the improved
set of parameters, we found that the gamma velocity of the system is
systematically changing over time. It seems that UX Ari is a triple system.
Actually, a third star is weakly present in the spectrum. While its RV is also
changing, it is not a member of the system, but happens to be on the same line
of sight.
  Finally, conclusions about the physical parameters of the objects from the
orbits are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148474 </DOCNO>
The Space Filling Dirichlet 3-Brane in N=2, D=4 Superspace


  We discuss a four-dimensional Volkov-Akulov supersymmetric theory on a
D3-brane with N=2 supersymmetry broken down to N=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4497 </DOCNO>
Kinetics of formation of twinned structures under L1_0 type orderings in


  The earlier-developed master equation approach and kinetic cluster methods
are applied to study kinetics of L1_0 type orderings in alloys, including the
formation of twinned structures characteristic of cubic-tetragonal-type phase
transitions. A microscopical model of interatomic deformational interactions is
suggested which generalizes a similar model of Khachaturyan for dilute alloys
to the physically interesting case of concentrated alloys. The model is used to
simulate A1->L1_0 transformations after a quench of an alloy from the
disordered A1 phase to the single-phase L1_0 state for a number of alloy models
with different chemical interactions, temperatures, concentrations, and
tetragonal distortions. We find a number of peculiar features in both transient
microstructures and transformation kinetics, many of them agreeng well with
experimental data. The simulations also demonstrate a phenomenon of an
interaction-dependent alignment of antiphase boundaries in nearly-equilibrium
twinned bands which seems to be observed in some experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174765 </DOCNO>
Light charged particle evaporation from hot ${31}^$P nucleus at E$^*$ ~


  The energy spectra of evaporated light charged particles (LCP) $\alpha$, p, d
and t have been measured in $7^$Li(47 MeV) + ${24}^$Mg and ${19}^$F(96 MeV)+
${12}^$C reactions. Both the systems populate the same compound nucleus
${31}^$F at excitation energy E$^*$ ~ 60 MeV. It has been observed that the
light particle spectra obtained in Li + Mg reaction follow standard statistical
model prediction, whereas a deformed configuration of the compound nucleus is
needed to explain the LCP spectra for F + C reaction, which has been attributed
to the effect of larger input angular momentum in the case of ${19}^$F(96 MeV)+
${12}^$C system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179757 </DOCNO>
Kaon and Pion Fluctuations from Small Disoriented Chiral Condensates


  Enhancement of omega and antiomega baryon production in Pb+Pb collisions at a
c.m. energy of 17 A GeV can be explained by the formation of many small
disoriented chiral condensate regions. This explanation implies that neutral
and charged kaons as well as pions must exhibit novel isospin fluctuations. We
compute the distribution of the fraction of neutral pions and kaons from such
regions. We then propose robust statistical observables that can be used to
extract the novel fluctuations from background contributions in pion and kaon
measurements at RHIC and LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125737 </DOCNO>
Contributions of GRBs and Cen A-like Radio Galaxies to the Cosmic


  The contribution to the cosmic diffuse gamma-ray background (CGB) from Gamma
Ray Bursts (GRBs) is studied in the 40 keV - 2 MeV regime. We use High Energy
Resolution (HER) data from the Burst And Transient Source Experiment (BATSE)
aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) to generate a GRB template
spectrum. Although the GRB contribution to the CGB is generally small, in
comparison to the dominant flux from Type Ia supernovae, the integrated GRB
flux is in fact comparable to that from SNIa in the narrow 10-40 keV range.
GRBs contribute to the CGB at the same level as Type II supernovae do. Although
BATSE data are not available below ~40 keV, extrapolation of the template
spectrum suggests that bursts can fill a significant part of the existing gap
between Seyfert galaxies (dominating the CGB below ~ 100 keV) and SNIa
(dominating at ~1 MeV). We estimate contributions from Cen A-like (FR I) radio
galaxies in this energy regime, where INTEGRAL data is expected to provide
major advances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148022 </DOCNO>
BPS Vortices in Brane-Antibrane Effective Theory


  We investigate an action which resembles the effective action of
brane-antibrane system derived from boundary string field theory. We find that
the action has smooth vortex solutions which saturate the Bogomol'nyi bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125683 </DOCNO>
New Millisecond Pulsars in Globular Clusters


  A new search of globular clusters for millisecond pulsars is in progress at
Parkes. In this paper we describe the motivation, the new hardware and software
systems adopted, the survey plan and the preliminary results. So far, we have
discovered ten new millisecond pulsars in four clusters for which no associated
pulsars were previously known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127160 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of Globular Clusters in NGC 1399 - A Progress Report


  We performed spectroscopy of globular clusters associated with NGC 1399 and
measured radial velocities of more than 400 clusters, the largest sample ever
obtained for dynamical studies. In this progress report, we present the sample
and the first preliminary results. Red and blue clusters have slightly
different velocity dispersions in accordance with their different density
profiles. Their velocity dispersions remain constant with radial distance,
which differs from earlier work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126579 </DOCNO>
AGB variables in Baade's windows


  In this work, a sample of luminous M-type giants in the Baade's Windows
towards the inner Galactic Bulge is investigated in the near-infrared. The
ISOGAL survey at 7 and 15 micron has given information concerning the mass-loss
rates of these stars and their variability characteristics have been extracted
from the MACHO database. Most are known to be semi-regular variables (SRVs).
Here we discuss how their IJHK-region colours depend on period and the presence
or absence of mass-loss, using results mainly taken from the DENIS and 2MASS
surveys.
  In order to compare their colours with solar neighbourhood stars, photometric
colours on the DENIS, 2MASS and ESO photometric systems have been synthesized
for objects in the spectrophotometric atlas of Lancon and Wood (2000). In
addition, they have been used to predict the differences in colour indicies
when stars with strong molecular bands are observed using different photometric
systems.
  The SRVs are found to inhabit the upper end of the J-K, K colour-magnitude
diagram, lying just below the Miras. High mass-loss rates are associated with
high luminosity. The near-infrared colours of the semi-regular variables
increase in a general way with period and are reddest for the stars with
significant mass-loss. The average colours of Mira variables, whose periods
start at around 200 days in the Bulge, are bluer than those of the
semi-regulars at this period, particularly in J-H, thanks to the association of
deep water-vapour bands with large amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113956 </DOCNO>
Unconditionally Stable Algorithms to Solve the Time-Dependent Maxwell


  Based on the Suzuki product-formula approach, we construct a family of
unconditionally stable algorithms to solve the time-dependent Maxwell
equations. We describe a practical implementation of these algorithms for one-,
two-, and three-dimensional systems with spatially varying permittivity and
permeability. The salient features of the algorithms are illustrated by
computing selected eigenmodes and the full density of states of one-, two-, and
three-dimensional models and by simulating the propagation of light in slabs of
photonic band-gap materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129019 </DOCNO>
The New Gamma-ray Pulsar PSR J2229+6114, its Pulsar Wind Nebula, and


  With a period of 51.6 ms and spin-down power 2.2x10^{37} erg s^{-1}, PSR
J2229+6114 is a compelling identification for the EGRET source 3EG J2227+6122
in which error circle it resides. Striking features of the Chandra X-ray image
are an incomplete elliptical arc and a possible jet, similar to the structures
that dominate the appearance of the Vela PWN. Approximately 70% of the 2-10 keV
X-ray emission comes from a centrally peaked, diffuse nebula of radius 100"
with a power-law spectrum of photon index 1.45 +/- 0.19. The pulsar itself has
a marginally harder spectrum with photon index 0.99 +/- 0.27. For an assumed
distance of 3 kpc the ratio of X-ray luminosity to spin-down power of PSR
J2229+6114 is only 8 x 10^{-5}. We discuss a model in which such inefficient
X-ray emission is the signature of a highly magnetized pulsar wind that
prevents an internal MHD shock, at the location of the X-ray arc, from strongly
compressing the flow. The incomplete X-ray arc is consistent with beaming from
a relativistic equatorial outflow, while a surrounding radio shell is probably
the forward shock in the surrounding ISM. An MeV source at this location was
previously detected by the COMPTEL experiment on CGRO. This, plus the flat
X-ray spectrum in the 2-10 keV band, suggests that PSR J2229+6114 is one of the
brightest pulsars at 1 MeV, even while it is inconspicuous at radio through
X-ray wavelengths, and as steep as the Crab above 100 MeV. The apparent variety
of broad-band spectra displayed by high-energy pulsars bolsters the theory that
rotation-powered pulsars dominate the unidentified Galactic EGRET source
population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75275 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Grand Unification Model with the Orbifold Symmetry


  We construct supersymmetric (SUSY) grand unification (GUT) models in the six
dimensional space-time where the GUT symmetry is broken down to the
standard-model gauge group by a simple orbifolding T^2/Z_4 or T^2/Z_6 and a
pair of massless Higgs doublets in the SUSY standard model are naturally
obtained. Since the background geometry here is simple compared with models
using the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism, one might hope for an approximate gauge
coupling unification in the present models. Here, the presence of the massless
Higgs multiplets in the bulk is quite natural, since the anomaly cancellation
in the six dimensional space-time requires N=2 hyper multiplets in the bulk,
some of which are origins of the Higgs doublets. However, the origin of the
quarks and leptons is still not clear at all.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2013 </DOCNO>
Full counting statistics of a charge pump in the Coulomb blockade regime


  We study the full charge counting statistics of a charge pump based on a
nearly open single electron transistor. The problem is mapped onto an exactly
soluble problem of a g=1/2 non-equilibrium Luttinger liquid with an impurity.
We obtain an analytic expression for the generating function of the transmitted
charge for an arbitrary pumping strength. Even though this model contains
fractionally charged excitations only integer transmitted charges can be
observed during finite observation times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7598 </DOCNO>
Collapse dynamics of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates


  We analyze the implosion and subsequent explosion of a trapped condensate
after the scattering length is switched to a negative value. Our results
compare very well qualitatively and fairly well quantitatively with the results
of recent experiments at JILA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168350 </DOCNO>
A Practical Scheme for Entanglement Concentration


  We present a realistic purification scheme for pure non-maximally entangled
states. In the scheme, Alice and Bob at two distant parties first start with
two shared but less entangled photon pairs to produce a conditional four-photon
GHZ state, then perform a 45-degree polarization measurement onto one of the
two photons at each party such that the remaining two photons are projected
onto a maximally entangled state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1588 </DOCNO>
Optical Properties of BN in the cubic and in the layered hexagonal


  Linear optical functions of cubic and hexagonal BN have been studied within
first principles DFT-LDA theory. Calculated energy-loss functions compare well
with experiments and previous theoretical results both for h-BN and for c-BN.
Discrepancies arise between theoretical results and experiments in the
imaginary part of the dielectric function for c-BN. Possible explanation to
this mismatch are proposed and evaluated; lattice constant variations, h-BN
contamination in c-BN samples and self-energy effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86298 </DOCNO>
Black holes are one-dimensional


  The holographic principle has revealed that physical systems in 3-D space,
black holes included, are basically two-dimensional as far as their information
content is concerned. This conclusion is complemented by one sketched here: as
far as entropy or information flow is concerned, a black hole behaves as a
one-dimensional channel. We define a channel in flat spacetime in thermodynamic
terms, and contrast it with common entropy emitting systems. A black hole is
more like the former: its entropy output is related to the emitted power as it
would be for a one-dimensional channel, and disposal of an information stream
down a black hole is limited by the power invested in the same way as for a
one-dimensional channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83906 </DOCNO>
Digital Color Imaging


  This paper surveys current technology and research in the area of digital
color imaging. In order to establish the background and lay down terminology,
fundamental concepts of color perception and measurement are first presented
us-ing vector-space notation and terminology. Present-day color recording and
reproduction systems are reviewed along with the common mathematical models
used for representing these devices. Algorithms for processing color images for
display and communication are surveyed, and a forecast of research trends is
attempted. An extensive bibliography is provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73302 </DOCNO>
Strange hadron resonances as a signature of freeze-out dynamics


  We study the production and the observability of Lambda*(1520), K*0(892), and
Sigma*(1385), strange hadron resonances as function of the freeze-out
conditions within the statistical model of hadron production. We obtain an
estimate of how many decay products are rescattered in evolution towards
thermal freeze-out following chemical freeze-out, and find that the resonance
decay signal is strong enough to be detected. We show how a combined analysis
of at least two resonances can be used to understand the chemical freeze-out
temperature, and the time between chemical and thermal freeze-outs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6557 </DOCNO>
Derivative expansion and renormalisation group flows


  We study the convergence of the derivative expansion for flow equations. The
convergence strongly depends on the choice for the infrared regularisation.
Based on the structure of the flow, we explain why optimised regulators lead to
better physical predictions. This is applied to O(N)-symmetric real scalar
field theories in 3d, where critical exponents are computed for all N. In
comparison to the sharp cut-off regulator, an optimised flow improves the
leading order result up to 10%. An analogous reasoning is employed for a proper
time renormalisation group. We compare our results with those obtained by other
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1341 </DOCNO>
Defensive alliances in spatial models of cyclical population


  As a generalization of the 3-strategy Rock-Scissors-Paper game dynamics in
space, cyclical interaction models of six mutating species are studied on a
square lattice, in which each species is supposed to have two dominant, two
subordinated and a neutral interacting partner. Depending on their interaction
topologies, these systems can be classified into four (isomorphic) groups
exhibiting significantly different behaviors as a function of mutation rate. On
three out of four cases three (or four) species form defensive alliances which
maintain themselves in a self-organizing polydomain structure via cyclic
invasions. Varying the mutation rate this mechanism results in an ordering
phenomenon analogous to that of magnetic Ising model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75754 </DOCNO>
Topology and Confinement in SU(N) Gauge Theories


  The large N limit of SU(N) gauge theories in 3+1 dimensions is investigated
on the lattice by extrapolating results obtained for $2 \le N \le 5$. A
numerical determination of the masses of the lowest-lying glueball states and
of the topological susceptibility in the limit $N\to\infty$ is provided. Ratios
of the tensions of stable k-strings over the tension of the fundamental string
are investigated in various regimes and the results are compared with
expectations based on several scenarios -- in particular MQCD and Casimir
scaling. While not conclusive at zero temperature in D=3+1, in the other cases
investigated our data seem to favour the latter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6481 </DOCNO>
On the ground states of an array of magnetic dots in the vortex state


  Dipole-dipole interactions in a square planar array of sub-micron magnetic
disks (magnetic dots) have been studied theoretically. Under a normal magnetic
field the ground-state of the array undergoes many structural transitions
between the limiting chessboard antiferromagnetic state at zero field and the
ferromagnet at a threshold field. At intermediate fields, numerous
ferrimagnetic states having mean magnetic moments between zero and that of the
ferromagnetic state are favorable energetically. The structures and energies of
a selection of states are calculated and plotted, as are the fields required to
optimally reverse the magnetic moment of a single dot within them. Approximate
formulae for the dipolar energy and anhysteretic magnetization curve are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5865 </DOCNO>
Coherent and Incoherent structures in systems described by the 1D CGLE:


  Much of the nontrivial dynamics of the one dimensional Complex
Ginzburg-Landau Equation (CGLE) is dominated by propagating structures that are
characterized by local ``twists'' of the phase-field. I give a brief overview
of the most important properties of these various structures, formulate a
number of experimental challenges and address the question how such structures
may be identified in experimental space-time data sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 185 </DOCNO>
Tapping Spin Glasses


  We consider a tapping dynamics, analogous to that in experiments on granular
media, on spin glasses and ferromagnets on random thin graphs. Between taps,
zero temperature single spin flip dynamics takes the system to a metastable
state. Tapping, corresponds to flipping simultaneously any spin with
probability $p$. This dynamics leads to a stationary regime with a steady state
energy $E(p)$. We analytically solve this dynamics for the one dimensional
ferromagnet and $\pm J$ spin glass. Numerical simulations for spin glasses and
ferromagnets of higher connectivity are carried out, in particular we find a
novel first order transition for the ferromagnetic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5003 </DOCNO>
Infrared and optical properties of pure and cobalt-doped LuNi_2B_2C


  We present optical conductivity data for Lu(Ni$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$B$_2$C over
a wide range of frequencies and temperatures for x=0 and x=0.09. Both materials
show evidence of being good Drude metals with the infrared data in reasonable
agreement with dc resistivity measurements at low frequencies. An absorption
threshold is seen at approximately 700 cm-1. In the cobalt-doped material we
see a superconducting gap in the conductivity spectrum with an absorption onset
at 24 +/- 2 cm-1 = 3.9$ +/- 0.4 k_BT_c suggestive of weak to moderately strong
coupling. The pure material is in the clean limit and no gap can be seen. We
discuss the data in terms of the electron-phonon interaction and find that it
can be fit below 600 cm-1 with a plasma frequency of 3.3 eV and an
electron-phonon coupling constant lambda_{tr}=0.33 using an alpha^{2}F(omega)
spectrum fit to the resistivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128140 </DOCNO>
The new cataclysmic variable RX J1554.2+2721 in the period gap


  We report on the results of a spectroscopic and photometric study of a new
cataclysmic variable, identified as optical counterpart of the X-ray source RX
J1554.2+2721 detected by ROSAT. The spectroscopic observations of the
relatively bright (~16.5mag) object show systematic radial velocity variations
with a semi-amplitude of ~140 km/sec. Besides the clear presence of distinct
low and high states there are periodic photometric light variations with an
amplitude of about 0.15 magnitude in the R band. The orbital period is 2.753h
thus being within the period gap, at its upper border. The flux distribution in
the spectrum of the object shows a substantial contribution of a M4V secondary,
and also bears clear signs of cyclotron emission. Thus, we classify the
discovered object as a new member of the AM Her class of magnetic cataclysmic
variables. This classification is further supported by the soft X-ray spectrum,
the characteristic profiles of the emission lines, the tomography map and the
shape of the orbital light curve. A simple fitting of the spectrum in the low
and high states suggests a reduced mass transfer rate in RX J1554.2+2721,
compared to similar objects outside the period gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75139 </DOCNO>
Information on $B \to \pi \pi$ Provided by the Semileptonic Process $B


  Analysis of the present data on the semileptonic process $B \to \pi \ell \nu$
indicates that they have not yet reached the precision to provide adequate
information on the $B \to \pi$ form factor $F_+(q^2)$, which for $q^2 =
m_\pi^2$ is known to be related to the factorized color-favored (``$T$'', or
``tree'') contribution to $B^0 \to \pi^+ \pi^-$. It is shown here that with
around 500 $B \to \pi \ell \nu$ events in which rate and spectrum are measured
one can improve the accuracy of $T$ by a significant amount. A recent CLEO
determination of the $D^* D \pi$ coupling constant is compared with an earlier
prediction, and its role in the description of the $B \to \pi$ form factors is
noted. When combined with an estimate of the penguin amplitude (``$P$'')
obtained using flavor SU(3) symmetry from $B \to K \pi$ decays, information on
$T$ allows one to gauge the effects of the penguin amplitude on extraction of
the weak phase $\alpha = \phi_2$ from the time-dependent CP-violating rate
asymmetry in $B^0 \to \pi^+ \pi^-$. The constraint on $\alpha$ implied by a
recent experimental result on this asymmetry is described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99110 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic 2-spheres with conical singularities, accessory parameters


  We show that the real-valued function $S_\alpha$ on the moduli space
$\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$ of pointed rational curves, defined as the critical value
of the Liouville action functional on a hyperbolic 2-sphere with $n\geq 3$
conical singularities of arbitrary orders $\alpha=\{\alpha_1,...,\alpha_n\}$,
generates accessory parameters of the associated Fuchsian differential equation
as their common antiderivative. We introduce a family of Kaehler metrics on
$\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$ parameterized by the set of orders $\alpha$, explictly
relate accessory parameters to these metrics, and prove that the functions
$S_\alpha$ are their Kaehler potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127799 </DOCNO>
Optical/Near-Infrared Imaging of Infrared-Excess Palomar-Green QSOs


  Ground-based high spatial-resolution (FWHM < 0.3-0.8") optical and
near-infrared imaging (0.4-2.2um) is presented for a complete sample of
optically selected Palomar-Green QSOs with far-infrared excesses at least as
great as those of "warm" AGN-like ultraluminous infrared galaxies
(L_ir/L_big-blue-bump > 0.46). In all cases, the host galaxies of the QSOs were
detected and most have discernable two-dimensional structure. The QSO host
galaxies and the QSO nuclei are similar in magnitude at H-band. H-band
luminosities of the hosts range from 0.5-7.5 L* with a mean of 2.3 L*, and are
consistent with those found in ULIGs. Both the QSO nuclei and the host galaxies
have near-infrared excesses, which may be the result of dust associated with
the nucleus and of recent dusty star formation in the host. These results
suggest that some, but not all, optically-selected QSOs may have evolved from
an infrared-active state triggered by the merger of two similarly-sized L*
galaxies, in a manner similar to that of the ultraluminous infrared galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77023 </DOCNO>
Relic neutralinos


  Phenomenology of relic neutralinos is analyzed in an effective supersymmetric
scheme at the electroweak scale. It is shown that current direct experiments
for WIMPs, when interpreted in terms of relic neutralinos, are indeed probing
regions of supersymmetric parameter space compatible with all present
experimental bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6001 </DOCNO>
Comparison of two quantum-cluster approximations


  We provide microscopic diagrammatic derivations of the the Molecular Coherent
Potential Approximation (MCA) and Dynamical Cluster Approximation (DCA) and
show that both are Phi-derivable. The MCA (DCA) maps the lattice onto a
self-consistently embedded cluster with open (periodic) boundary conditions,
and therefore violates (preserves) the translational symmetry of the original
lattice. As a consequence of the boundary conditions, the MCA (DCA) converges
slowly (quickly) with corrections O(1/Lc) (O(1/Lc^2)), where Lc is the linear
size of the cluster. These analytical results are demonstrated numerically for
the one-dimensional symmetric Falicov-Kimball model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40830 </DOCNO>
Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson at LEP in the year 2000


  Searches for the Standard Model Higgs boson have been performed in the data
collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP in the year 2000 at centre-of-mass
energies between 200 and 209 GeV corresponding to a total integrated luminosity
of 224 pb^{-1}. No evidence for a Higgs signal is observed in the kinematically
accessible mass range, and a 95% CL lower mass limit of 114.3 GeV/c^2 is set,
to be compared with an expected median limit of 113.5 GeV/c^2 for these data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 220 </DOCNO>
A Monte Carlo Test of the Fisher-Nakanishi-Scaling Theory for the


  Extending the Swendsen-Wang cluster algorithm to include both bulk (H) and
surface fields (H_1) in L x L x D Ising films of thickness D and two free L x L
surfaces, a Monte Carlo study of the capillary condensation critical point of
the model is presented. Applying a finite-size scaling analysis where the
lateral linear dimension L is varied over a wide range, the critical
temperature T_c(D) and the associated critical field H_c(D) are estimated for 4
<= D <= 32 lattice spacings, for a choice of the surface field H_1 small enough
that the dependence of H_c(D) on H_1 is still linear. It is shown that the
results are consistent with the power laws predicted by Fisher and Nakanishi
[M.E. Fisher and H. Nakanishi, J. Chem. Phys. 75, 5857 (1981)], namely
T_c(\infty)-T_c(D) \propto D^{-1/\nu}, H_c(D) \propto D^{-(\Delta
-\Delta_1)/\nu}, where \nu is the bulk correlation length exponent of the
three-dimensional Ising model, and \Delta, \Delta_1 are the corresponding ``gap
exponents'' associated with bulk and surface fields, respectively. As expected,
the order parameter of the thin film near its critical point exhibits critical
behavior compatible with the universality class of the two-dimensional Ising
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129166 </DOCNO>
Large Equivalent width Lyman-alpha line emission at z=4.5: young


  The Large Area Lyman Alpha survey has found ~ 150 Lyman-alpha emitters at
z=4.5. While stellar models predict a maximum Lyman-alpha equivalent width (EW)
of 240 angstrom, 60% of the Lyman-alpha emitters have EWs exceeding this value.
We attempt to model the observed EW distribution by combining stellar
population models with an extrapolation of Lyman break galaxy luminosity
function at z=4, incorporating observational selection effects and Malmquist
bias. To reproduce the high EWs seen in the sample we need to postulate a
stellar initial mass function (IMF) with extreme slope alpha = 0.5 (instead of
2.35); zero metallicity stars; or narrow-lined active galactic nuclei. The
models also reveal that only 7.5-15% of galaxies need show Lyman-alpha emission
to explain the observed number counts. This raises the possibility that either
star-formation in high redshift galaxies is episodic or the Lyman-alpha
galaxies we are seeing are the youngest 7.5-15% and that Lyman-alpha is
strongly quenched by dust at about 10 Mega-years of age.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40761 </DOCNO>
Twist-4 Gluon Recombination Corrections for Deep Inelastic Structure


  We calculate twist--4 coefficient functions for the deep inelastic structure
function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ associated to 4--gluon operator matrix elements for
general values of the Bjorken variable $x$ and study the numerical effect on
the slope $\partial F_2(x,Q^2)/\partial \log Q^2$. It is shown that these
contributions diminish the strongly rising twist--2 terms towards small values
of $x$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98680 </DOCNO>
Two Slits Interference Is Compatible with Particles' Trajectories


  We propose a simple numerical experiment of two slits interference of
particles. It disproves the popular belief that such an interference is
incompatible with a knowledge which slit each particle came through or, more
generally, ``quantum particles could not have trajectories''. Our model is an
illustration to the contextual interpretation of quantum probabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125125 </DOCNO>
The Obscuring Starburst of NGC 6221 and Implications for the Hard X-ray


  We present NGC 6221 as a case study of ``X-ray loud composite galaxies,''
which appear similar to starbursts at optical wavelengths and resemble
traditional active galactic nuclei in X-rays. The net optical spectrum of NGC
6221 is properly characterized as a starburst galaxy, but in X-rays, NGC 6221
is similar to Seyfert 1 galaxies, exhibiting a power-law continuum spectrum, a
broad Fe K alpha line, and continuum variability on timescales of days and
years. High-resolution images reveal that the detected active nucleus is
relatively weak, not only at optical, but also at near-infrared wavelengths. An
obscuring starburst, in which the interstellar gas and dust associated with the
starburst conceal the active nucleus, accounts for these peculiar features. We
demonstrate quantitatively that obscuration by column density N_H = 10^{22}
cm^{-2} combined with relatively weak intrinsic nuclear activity can produce an
optical spectrum characteristic of the surrounding starburst alone. While
optical surveys would not identify the active nuclei that make these galaxies
significant X-ray sources, such galaxies may in fact be important contributors
to the X-ray background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125807 </DOCNO>
Fe K_alpha line: A tool to probe massive binary black holes in Active


  Hierarchical mergers of galaxies can form binary black holes (BBHs) since
many or most galaxies have central massive black holes (BHs). It is possible
that some BBHs exist in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We argue that each BH
may be surrounded by an accretion disc with a different inclination angle to
the line of sight (due to different BH spin directions and the
Bardeen-Petterson effect). The observed Fe K_alpha line profile from a BBH
system is a combination of the lines from the inner regions of the two discs,
which is significantly affected by the inclination angles of the two discs. The
Fe K_alpha line profile associated with BBHs may have an unusual shape with
double or more peaks as well as short-term variability, which can be
distinguished from the Fe K_alpha line properties of some other possible
models. We suggest that with the improvement of resolution in X-ray astronomy,
Fe K_alpha line profiles be a potential tool to probe the existence of massive
BBHs in AGNs. The Fe K_alpha line profile associated with BBHs may also provide
a tool to investigate the dynamics in strong gravitation field (e.g. providing
evidence of the Bardeen-Petterson effect).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73592 </DOCNO>
Is there elliptic flow without transverse flow?


  Azimuthal anisotropy of final particle distributions was originally
introduced as a signature of transverse collective flow. We show that finite
anisotropy in momentum space can result solely from the shape of the particle
emitting source. However, by comparing the differential anisotropy to recent
data from STAR collaboration we can exclude such a scenario, but instead show
that the data favour strong flow as resulting from a hydrodynamical evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83642 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Polymorphically Typed Logic Programs Using ACI-Unification


  Analysis of (partial) groundness is an important application of abstract
interpretation. There are several proposals for improving the precision of such
an analysis by exploiting type information, icluding our own work with Hill and
King, where we had shown how the information present in the type declarations
of a program can be used to characterise the degree of instantiation of a term
in a precise and yet inherently finite way. This approach worked for
polymorphically typed programs as in Goedel or HAL. Here, we recast this
approach following works by Codish, Lagoon and Stuckey. To formalise which
properties of terms we want to characterise, we use labelling functions, which
are functions that extract subterms from a term along certain paths. An
abstract term collects the results of all labelling functions of a term. For
the analysis, programs are executed on abstract terms instead of the concrete
ones, and usual unification is replaced by unification modulo an equality
theory which includes the well-known ACI-theory. Thus we generalise the works
by Codish, Lagoon and Stuckey w.r.t. the type systems considered and relate the
works among each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72810 </DOCNO>
Probing top flavour-changing neutral couplings at TESLA


  We present a comprehensive analysis of the sensitivity of the TESLA e+ e-
collider to top flavour-changing neutral couplings to the Z boson and photon.
We study single top production and top decay processes, and we consider the
cases without beam polarization, with only e- polarization and with e- and e+
polarization. We show that the use of the latter substantially enhances the
sensitivity to discover or bound these vertices, and for some of the couplings
the expected LHC limits could be improved by factors 2-14 for equal running
times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113369 </DOCNO>
Global stability of systems related to the Navier-Stokes equations


  A generalized Lyapunov method is outlined which predicts global stability of
a broad class of dissipative dynamical systems. The method is applied to the
complex Lorenz model and to the Navier-Stokes equations. In both cases one
finds compact domains in phase space which contain the omega sets of all
trajectories, in particular the fixed points, limit cycles, and strange
attractors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168649 </DOCNO>
Discrete Wigner functions and the phase space representation of quantum


  We show how to represent the state and the evolution of a quantum computer
(or any system with an $N$--dimensional Hilbert space) in phase space. For this
purpose we use a discrete version of the Wigner function which, for arbitrary
$N$, is defined in a phase space grid of $2N\times 2N$ points. We compute such
Wigner function for states which are relevant for quantum computation. Finally,
we discuss properties of quantum algorithms in phase space and present the
phase space representation of Grover's quantum search algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40725 </DOCNO>
A Simultaneous Measurement of the QCD Colour Factors and the Strong


  Using data from e+e- annihilation into hadrons, taken with the OPAL detector
at LEP at the Z pole between 1991 and 1995, we performed a simultaneous
measurement of the colour factors of the underlying gauge group of the strong
interaction, CF and CA, and the strong coupling, alpha(s). The measurement was
carried out by fitting next-to-leading order perturbative predictions to
measured angular correlations of 4-jet events together with multi-jet related
variables. Our results,
  CA = 3.02 +/- 0.25 (stat.) +/- 0.49 (syst.),
  CF = 1.34 +/- 0.13 (stat.) +/- 0.22 (syst.), alpha(s)(M_Z) = 0.120 +/- 0.011
(stat.) +/- 0.020 (syst.), provide a test of perturbative QCD in which the only
assumptions are non-abelian gauge symmetry and standard hadronization models.
The measurements are in agreement with SU(3) expectations for CF and CA and the
world average of alpha(s)(M_Z).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73841 </DOCNO>
The Acceleration of the Universe, a Challenge for String Theory


  Recent astronomical observations indicate that the universe is accelerating.
We argue that generic quintessence models that accommodate the present day
acceleration tend to accelerate eternally. As a consequence the resulting
spacetimes exhibit event horizons. Hence, quintessence poses the same problems
for string theory as asymptotic de Sitter spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149415 </DOCNO>
BF Theory On A Brane


  An alternative approach to introducing gravitational dynamics on a brane
embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime is presented. The brane is treated
as a boundary of a higher dimensional manifold in which the bulk action is
described by a metric independent topological quantum field theory. The example
of a five dimensional non-Abelian BF theory with a boundary brane is
considered. A natural boundary condition is adopted chosen for consistency of
the topological action despite the presence of a boundary. The resulting
effective action on the brane is the action of general relativity in first
order form plus terms involving the extrinsic curvature of the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74573 </DOCNO>
Langevin Evolution of Disoriented Chiral Condensate


  As the matter produced in a relativistic heavy ion collision cools through
the QCD phase transition, the dynamical evolution of the chiral condensate will
be driven out of thermal equilibrium. As a prelude to analyzing this evolution,
and in particular as a prelude to learning how rapid the cooling must be in
order for significant deviations from equilibrium to develop, we present a
detailed analysis of the time-evolution of an idealized region of disoriented
chiral condensate. We set up a Langevin field equation which can describe the
evolution of these (or more realistic) linear sigma model configurations in
contact with a heat bath representing the presence of other shorter wavelength
degrees of freedom. We first analyze the model in equilibrium, paying
particular attention to subtracting ultraviolet divergent classical terms and
replacing them by their finite quantum counterparts. We use known results from
lattice gauge theory and chiral perturbation theory to fix nonuniversal
constants. The result is a theory which is ultraviolet cutoff independent and
that reproduces quantitatively the expected equilibrium behavior of the quantum
field theory of pions and sigma fields over a wide range of temperatures.
Finally, we estimate the viscosity $\eta(T)$, which controls the dynamical
timescale in the Langevin equation, by requiring that the timescale for DCC
decay agrees with previous calculations. The resulting $\eta(T)$ is larger than
that found perturbatively. We also determine the temperature below which the
classical field Langevin equation ceases to be a good model for the quantum
field dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96881 </DOCNO>
Surface bundles over surfaces of small genus


  We construct examples of non-isotrivial algebraic families of smooth complex
projective curves over a curve of genus 2. This solves a problem from Kirby's
list of problems in low-dimensional topology. Namely, we show that 2 is the
smallest possible base genus that can occur in a 4-manifold of non-zero
signature which is an oriented fiber bundle over a Riemann surface. A refined
version of the problem asks for the minimal base genus for fixed signature and
fiber genus. Our constructions also provide new (asymptotic) upper bounds for
these numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150263 </DOCNO>
Compact AdS space, Brane geometry and the AdS/CFT correspondence


  The AdS/CFT correspondence can be realized in spaces that are globally
different but share the same asymptotic behavior. Two known cases are: a
compact AdS space and the space generated by a large number of coincident
branes. We discuss the physical consistency, in the sense of the Cauchy
problem, of these two formulations. We show that the role of the boundary in
the compact AdS space is equivalent to that of the flat asymptotic region in
the brane space. We also show, by introducing a second coordinate chart for the
pure AdS space, that a point at its spatial infinity corresponds to a horizon
in the brane system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72898 </DOCNO>
QCD and power corrections to sum rules in deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon


  In this paper we study QCD and power corrections to sum rules which show up
in deep inelastic lepton-hadron scattering. Furthermore we will make a
distinction between fundamental sum rules which can be derived from quantum
field theory and those which are of a phenomenological origin. Using current
algebra techniques the fundamental sum rules can be expressed into expectation
values of (partially) conserved (axial-) vector currents sandwiched between
hadronic states. These expectation values yield the quantum numbers of the
corresponding hadron which are determined by the underlying flavour group
$SU(n)_F$. In this case one can show that there exist an intimate relation
between the appearance of power and QCD corrections. The above features do not
hold for phenomenological sum rules, hereafter called non-fundamental. They
have no foundation in quantum field theory and they mostly depend on certain
assumptions made for the structure functions like superconvergence relations or
the parton model. Therefore only the fundamental sum rules provide us with a
stringent test of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75817 </DOCNO>
Neutron Electric Dipole Moment and Extension of the Standard Model


  A nonvanishing value for the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron is a
prominent signature for CP violation. The EDM induced by the Kobayashi-Maskawa
mechanism of the standard model (SM) has a small magnitude and its detection
will be very difficult. However, since baryon asymmetry of the universe cannot
be accounted for by the SM, there should exist some other source of CP
violation, which may generate a large magnitude for the EDM. One of the most
hopeful candidates for physics beyond the SM is the supersymmetric standard
model, which contains such sources of CP violation. This model suggests that
the EDM has a magnitude not much smaller than the present experimental bounds.
Progress in measuring the EDM provides very interesting information about
extension of the SM. ........

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76812 </DOCNO>
Physics of vacuum at ITEP and around


  Recollections about a few episodes from the history of physics of vacuum,
connected with the names of Pomeranchuk, Landau, Zeldovich, Sakharov and
Kirzhnits. The text of the talk will be published in the Proceedings of the
International Conference ``From the Smallest to the Largest Distances'',
Tribute to Jean Tran-Thanh-Van, May 24-26, 2001 (``Surveys in High Energy
Physics'', Taylor and Francis, 2002, v.16, No.3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114388 </DOCNO>
Resonance Control Cooling System for a Proto-Type Coupled Cavity Linac


  Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is designing a coupled cavity linac
(CCL) for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) being built at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory (ORNL). As part of the design process, a proto-type, Hot Model,
consisting of two segments of the SNS CCL was manufactured and installed at
LANL. An RF source was applied to the Hot Model to determine the success of the
cavity design, the effectiveness of the control algorithms and cooling systems,
and the validity of the Resonance Control Cooling System (RCCS) model used
during the Hot Model design. From a system controls perspective, an overview of
the hot model, a description of the RCCS, and the pertinent data from the RF
tests will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86324 </DOCNO>
Dilatonic Interpretation of the Quintessence?


  We discuss the possibility that "quintessential effects", recently displayed
by large scale observations, may be consistently described in the context of
the low-energy string effective action, and we suggest a possible approach to
the problem of the cosmic coincidence based on the link between the strength of
the dilaton couplings and the cosmological state of our Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113855 </DOCNO>
Novel Ferromagnetic Atom Waveguide with in situ loading


  Magneto-optic and magnetostatic trapping is realized near a surface using
current carrying coils wrapped around magnetizable cores. A cloud of 10^7
Cesium atoms is created with currents less than 50 mA. Ramping up the current
while maintaining optical dissipation leads to tightly confined atom clouds
with an aspect ratio of 1:1000. We study the 3D character of the magnetic
potential and characterize atom number and density as a function of the applied
current. The field gradient in the transverse dimension has been varied from <
10 G/cm to > 1 kG/cm. By loading and cooling atoms in-situ, we have eliminated
the problem of coupling from a MOT into a smaller phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114111 </DOCNO>
Coherent radiation of an ultra-relativistic charged particle channeled


  We suggest a new type of the undulator radiation which is generated by an
ultra-relativistic particle channeled along a periodically bent
crystallographic plane or axis. The electromagnetic radiation arises mainly due
to the bending of the particle's trajectory, which follows the shape of the
channel. The parameters of this undulator, which totally define the spectrum
and the angular distribution of the radiation (both spontaneous and
stimulated), depend on the type of the crystal and the crystallographic plane
(axis), on the type of a projectile and its energy, and on the shape of the
bent channel, and, thus, can be varied significantly by varying these
characteristics.
  As an example, we consider the acoustically induced radiation (AIR) which is
generated by ultra-relativistic particles channeled in a crystal which is bent
by a transverse acoustic wave. The AIR mechanism allows to make the undulator
with the main parameters varying in wide ranges, which are inaccessible in the
undulators based on the motion of particles in the periodic magnetic fields and
also in the field of the laser radiation. The intensity of AIR can be easily
made larger than the intensity of the radiation in a linear crystal and can be
varied in a wide range by varying the frequency and the amplitude of the
acoustic wave in the crystal. A possibility to generate stimulated emission of
high-energy photons (in keV - MeV region) is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83945 </DOCNO>
A logic-based approach to data integration


  An important aspect of data integration involves answering queries using
various resources rather than by accessing database relations. The process of
transforming a query from the database relations to the resources is often
referred to as query folding or answering queries using views, where the views
are the resources. We present a uniform approach that includes as special cases
much of the previous work on this subject. Our approach is logic-based using
resolution. We deal with integrity constraints, negation, and recursion also
within this framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3644 </DOCNO>
Magnetic susceptibility of the 2D Ising model on the finite lattice


  The generalization of the form factor representation of the 2D Ising model
correlation function to the case of the general disposition of correlating
spins on a cylinder is given. The magnetic susceptibility on the lattice where
one of the dimensions $N$ is finite is calculated in both the para- and
ferromagnetic regions of the Ising coupling parameter. The singularity
structure in the complex temperature plane and the thermodynamic limit
$N\to\infty$ are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 550 </DOCNO>
Order and nFl Behavior in UCu4Pd


  We have studied the role of disorder in the non-Fermi liquid system UCu4Pd
using annealing as a control parameter. Measurement of the lattice parameter
indicates that this procedure increases the crystallographic order by
rearranging the Pd atoms from the 16e to the 4c sites. We find that the low
temperature properties depend strongly on annealing. Whereas the non-Fermi
liquid behavior in the specific heat can be observed over a larger temperature
range after annealing, the clear non-Fermi liquid behavior of the resistivity
of the unannealed sample below 10 K disappears. We come to the conclusion that
this argues against the Kondo disorder model as an explanation for the
non-Fermi liquid properties of both as-prepared and annealed UCu4Pd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98258 </DOCNO>
The Lagrange inversion formula on non-Archimedean fields. Non-Analytical


  The classical formula of Lagrange for the inversion of analytic functions is
extended to analytic and non-analytic inversion problems on non-Archimedean
fields. We give some applications to the field of formal Laurent series in $n$
variables, where the non-analytic inversion formula gives explicit formal
solutions of general semilinear differential and q-difference equations. In
particular we will be interested in studying the Siegel center problem
(Linearization of germs of functions near a fixed point) and the problem of
conjugation of a vector fields with its linear part near a critical point.
  In addition to the analytic Siegel Center problem, we give sufficient
condition for the linearization to belong to some Classes of
ultradifferentiable germs, closed under composition and derivation, including
Gevrey Classes. We prove that the Bruno condition is sufficient for the
linearization to belong to the same Class of the germ. If one allows the
linearization to be less regular than the germ new conditions are introduced,
weaker than the Bruno condition. This generalizes to dimension $n\geq 1$ some
results of \cite{CarlettiMarmi}. A similar statement holds in the case of the
linearization of ultradifferentiable vector fields. Moreover our formulation of
the non-analytic Lagrange inversion formula by mean of the tree formalism,
allows us to point out the strong similarities existing between the two
linearization problems, formulated (essentially) with the same functional
equation. In the case of analytic vector fields of $\C^2$ we prove a
quantitative estimate of a previous qualitative result of
\cite{YoccozPerezMarco}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3043 </DOCNO>
Magnetic characterization of sintered MgB2 samples: effect of the


  Powdered and sintered MgB2 samples have been characterized through magnetic
measurements performed from T = 5 K up to few degrees above the transition
temperature of about 39 K. We found that the sintered samples behave as
well-connected bodies, showing no trace of granularity. In order to obtain the
critical current density value Jc the Critical State Model has been therefore
employed in a straightforward way. With the aim either to decrease the electron
mean free path or to increase its Jc we have attempted to introduce defects in
the MgB2 structure by different procedures: substitution of Lithium on the
Magnesium site and doping of the precursor Boron powders with Aluminum and
Silicon. The best result in terms of Jc has been achieved by Silicon doping
that, moreover, does not significantly affect the transition temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168253 </DOCNO>
Experiment can decide between standard and Bohmian quantum mechanics


  In this investigation, we have considered two thought experiments to make a
comparison between predictions of the standard and the Bohmian quantum
mechanics. Concerning this, a two-particle system has been studied at two
various situations of the entangled and the unentangled states. In the first
experiment, the two theories can predict different results at the individual
level, while their statistical results are the same. In the other experiment,
not only they are in disagreement at the individual level, but their
equivalence at the statistical level also breaks down, if one uses selective
detection. Furthermore, we discuss about some objections that can be raised
against the results of the two suggested experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 616 </DOCNO>
Symmetries in the Hubbard model with n-fold orbital degeneracy


  The present paper studies the symmeries of the Hubbard model of electrons
with generally $n$-fold orbital degeneracy. It's shown SU_d(2n) and SU_c(2n)
symmetries hold respectively for the model with completely repulsive or
attractive on-site interaction and that with partly attractive interactions. An
extended Lieb-Mattis transformation is given to map these two symmetries into
each other. The sub-symmetry SU_d^{(e)}(n)\otimes SU_d^{(o)}(n) is found to be
shared by the two models with arbitrary chemical potential \mu. By assuming at
most two electrons on each site it's found that $SU_d(2n)$ and $SU_c(2n)$ both
exist in each kind of the two models and consequently lead to a larger symmetry
SU_d(2n)\times SU_c(2n). Another underlying symmetry SU_c^{(e)}(2)_{{\cal
P}}\times ...\times SU_c^{(e)}(2)_{{\cal P}} \otimes \bigl(SU_c^{(o)}(2)_{{\cal
P}}\times ...\times SU_c^{(o)}(2)_{{\cal P}}\bigr) is also revealed for the
unified $U$ model under the excluding. The symmetry is valid for the partially
attractive model with chemical potential $\mu =-U.$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4150 </DOCNO>
Intrinsic Tunneling in Cuprates and Manganites


  The most anisotropic high temperature superconductors like Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8, as
well as the recently discovered layered manganite La1.4Sr1.6Mn2O7 are layered
metallic systems where the interlayer current transport occurs via sequential
tunneling of charge carriers. As a consequence, in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 adjacent CuO2
double layers form an intrinsic Josephson tunnel junction while in in
La1.4Sr1.6Mn2O7 tunneling of spin polarized charge carriers between adjacent
MnO2 layers leads to an intrinsic spin valve effect. We present and discuss
interlayer transport experiments for both systems. To perform the experiments
small sized mesa structures were patterned on top of single crystals of the
above materials defining stacks of a small number of intrinsic Josephson
junctions and intrinsic spin valves, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95625 </DOCNO>
From PDE Systems and Metrics to Generalized Field Theories


  The paper proved that every $C^2$-solution of a given first order PDEs
system, regarded on the jet fibre bundle of order one $J^1(T,M)$, may be viewed
as a "generalized harmonic map", via the least squares variational method. Our
ideas are structured in the following way:
  1) we find a suitable geometrical structure on $J^1(T,M)$ that convert the
solutions of the given PDEs system into "generalized harmonic maps";
  2) we build a natural geometry induced by a such PDEs system;
  3) we construct a field theory, in a general setting, naturally attached to
this PDEs system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76348 </DOCNO>
Constraints on leptophobic gauge bosons with polarized neutrons and


  We explore the sensitivity and the physics interest of the measurement of
parity-violating spin asymmetries in one-jet production in the presence of a
new leptophobic neutral gauge boson Z', within polarized hadronic collisions at
the BNL RHIC. We focus on polarized neutron collisions which could be achieved
in a realistic upgrade of the RHIC-Spin program. We show that, in case of a
discovery, a compilation of the information coming from both polarized pp and
nn collisions should constrain the number of Higgs doublets and the presence or
absence of trilinear fermion mass terms in the underlying model of New Physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96523 </DOCNO>
Computing the equivariant Euler characteristic of Zariski and etale


  We prove an equivariant Grothendieck-Ogg-Shafarevich formula. This formula
may be viewed as an etale analogue of well-known formulas for Zariski sheaves
which were proved by Ellingsrud/Lonsted and Nakajima and for which we give a
new approach in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72476 </DOCNO>
Solar neutrinos with magnetic moment and solar field profiles


  A statistical analysis of the pre-SNO solar neutrino data is made assuming
the solar neutrino deficit to be resolved by the interaction of the neutrino
magnetic moment with the solar magnetic field. Given the general
characteristics of the field profiles known to lead to the best event rate
predictions, several specific choices of profiles are assumed and fits to the
rates, to the electron recoil spectrum in SuperKamiokande and to the combined
rates and spectrum are performed. Both the rate and spectrum fits are
remarkably better than in a previous analysis of the magnetic moment solution
which used a former standard solar model and previous data, and in particular,
rate fits are far better than those from oscillations. The global analysis also
reflects the general very good quality of the fits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95383 </DOCNO>
Geometric Phases, Symmetries of Dynamical Invariants, and Exact Solution


  We introduce the notion of the geometrically equivalent quantum systems
(GEQS) as quantum systems that lead to the same geometric phases for a given
complete set of initial state vectors. We give a characterization of the GEQS.
These systems have a common dynamical invariant, and their Hamiltonians and
evolution operators are related by symmetry transformations of the invariant.
If the invariant is $T$-periodic, the corresponding class of GEQS includes a
system with a $T$-periodic Hamiltonian. We apply our general results to study
the classes of GEQS that include a system with a cranked Hamiltonian
$H(t)=e^{-iKt}H_0e^{iKt}$. We show that the cranking operator $K$ also belongs
to this class. Hence, in spite of the fact that it is time-independent, it
leads to nontrivial cyclic evolutions and geometric phases. Our analysis allows
for an explicit construction of a complete set of nonstationary cyclic states
of any time-independent simple harmonic oscillator. The period of these cyclic
states is half the characteristic period of the oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97982 </DOCNO>
Twisted $sl(3, {\bf C})^{(2)}_k$ Current Algebra: Free Field


  Motivated by applications of twisted current algebras in description of the
entropy of $Ads_3$ black hole, we investigate the simplest twisted current
algebra $sl(3,{\bf C})^{(2)}_k$. Free field representation of the twisted
algebra and the corresponding twisted Sugawara energy-momentum tensor are
obtained by using three $(\beta,\gamma)$ pairs and two scalar fields. Primary
fields and two screening currents of the first kind are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76281 </DOCNO>
Establishing a No-Lose Theorem for NMSSM Higgs Boson Discovery at the


  We scan the parameter space of the NMSSM for the observability of at least
one Higgs boson at the LHC with $300\fbi$ integrated luminosity, taking the
present LEP2 constraints into account. We restrict the scan to those regions of
parameter space for which Higgs boson decays to other Higgs bosons and/or
supersymmetric particles are kinematically forbidden. We find that if
$WW$-fusion detection modes for a light Higgs boson are not taken into account,
then there are still significant regions in the scanned portion of the NMSSM
parameter space where no Higgs boson can be observed at the $5\sigma$ level,
despite the recent improvements in ATLAS and CMS procedures and techniques and
even if we combine all non-fusion discovery channels. However, if the
$WW$-fusion detection modes are included using the current theoretical study
estimates, then we find that for all scanned points at least one of the NMSSM
Higgs bosons will be detected. If the estimated $300\fbi$ significances for
ATLAS and CMS are combined, one can also achieve $5\sigma$ signals after
combining just the non-$WW$-fusion channels signals. We present the parameters
of several particularly difficult points, and discuss the complementary roles
played by different modes. We conclude that the LHC will discover at least one
NMSSM Higgs boson unless there are large branching ratios for decays to SUSY
particles and/or to other Higgs bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114104 </DOCNO>
An experience model for anyspeed motion


  Simple airtrack simulations, like those now possible with web-based 3D
environments, can provide explorers of any age with experiential data
sufficient to formulate their own models of motion. In particular, with a
compressable spring, two gliders, a moving clock and two gate pairs with timers
(pre and post collision), Newton's laws (or one's own version thereof) may
emerge (or be tested) in the lab. With a high speed simulation, one may find
instead Minkowski's spacetime version of Pythagoras' theorem (the metric
equation) in the data, along with ``anyspeed'' expressions for momentum and
kinetic energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114309 </DOCNO>
Theory of Drop Formation


  We consider the motion of an axisymmetric column of Navier-Stokes fluid with
a free surface. Due to surface tension, the thickness of the fluid neck goes to
zero in finite time. After the singularity, the fluid consists of two halves,
which constitute a unique continuation of the Navier-Stokes equation through
the singular point. We calculate the asymptotic solutions of the Navier-Stokes
equation, both before and after the singularity. The solutions have scaling
form, characterized by universal exponents as well as universal scaling
functions, which we compute without adjustable parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149603 </DOCNO>
Strong Coupling Phenomena on the Noncommutative Plane


  We study strong coupling phenomena in U(1) gauge theory on the
non-commutative plane. To do so, we make use of a T-dual description in terms
of an $N\to\infty$ limit of U(N) gauge theory on a commutative torus. The
magnetic flux on this torus is taken to be $m=N-1$, while the area scales like
1/N, keeping $\Lambda_{QCD}$ fixed. With a few assumptions, we argue that the
speed of high frequency light in pure non-commutative QED is modified in the
non-commutative directions by the factor $1 + \Lambda_{QCD}^4 \theta^2$, where
$\theta$ is the non-commutative parameter. If charged flavours are included,
there is an upper bound on the momentum of a photon propagating in the
non-commutative directions, beyond which it is unstable against production of
charged pairs. We also discuss a particular $\theta\to\infty$ limit of pure
non-commutative QED which is T-dual to a more conventional $N\to\infty$ limit
with $m/N$ fixed. In the non-commutative description, this limit gives rise to
an exotic theory of open strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129333 </DOCNO>
Archeops: A CMB anisotropy balloon experiment measuring a broad range of


  The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is the oldest photon radiation that
can be observed, having been emitted when the Universe was about 300,000 year
old. It is a blackbody at 2.73 K, and is almost perfectly isotropic, the
anisotropies being about one part to 100,000. However, these anisotropies,
detected by the COBE satellite in 1992, constrain the cosmological parameters
such as the curvature of the Universe. Archeops is a balloon-borne experiment
designed to map these anisotropies. The instrument is composed of a 1.5 m
telescope and bolometers cooled at 85 mK to detect radiation between 150 and
550 GHz. To lower parasitic signals, the instrument is borne by a stratospheric
balloon during the arctic night. This instrument is also a preparation for the
Planck satellite mission, as its design is similar to HFI. We discuss here the
results of the first scientific flight from Esrange (near Kiruna, Sweden) to
Russia on January 29th 2001, which led to a 22 % (sub)millimetre sky coverage
unprecedented at this resolution. Here, we put some emphasis on interstellar
dust foreground emission observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167994 </DOCNO>
Does Indeterminism Give Rise to an Intrinsic Time Arrow?


  In any physical theory that admits true indeterminism, the thermodynamic
arrow of time can arise regardless of the system's initial conditions. Hence on
such theories time's arrow emerges out of the basic physical interactions. The
example of the GRW theory is studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97755 </DOCNO>
A question by Alexei Aleksandrov and logarithmic determinants


  We answer negatively to the question posed by Aleksandrov concerning analytic
functions of Smirnov's class in the unit disk with pure imaginary boundary
values. We also find new sufficient conditions for representations of functions
of Smirnov's class by the Schwartz and Cauchy integrals. These conditions
extend a previous result of Aleksandrov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74219 </DOCNO>
Softly broken lepton numbers and maximal neutrino mixing


  We consider lepton mixing in an extension of the Standard Model with three
right-handed neutrino singlets. We require that the three lepton numbers L_e,
L_\mu, and L_\tau be separately conserved in the Yukawa couplings, and we
assume that they are softly broken only by the Majorana mass matrix M_R of the
neutrino singlets. In this framework, where lepton-number breaking occurs at a
scale much higher than the electroweak scale, deviations from
family-lepton-number conservation are calculable and finite, and lepton mixing
stems exclusively from M_R. We then show that a discrete symmetry exists such
that, in the lepton mixing matrix U, maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing
together with U_{e3}=0 can be obtained naturally. Alternatively, if one assumes
that there are two different scales in M_R and that the lepton number \bar L =
L_e - L_\mu - L_\tau is conserved in between them, then maximal solar neutrino
mixing follows naturally. If both the discrete symmetry and intermediate \bar L
conservation are introduced, bimaximal mixing is achieved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81154 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of the Dirac operator coupled to two-dimensional quantum


  We implement fermions on dynamical random triangulation and determine
numerically the spectrum of the Dirac-Wilson operator D for the system of
Majorana fermions coupled to two-dimensional Euclidean quantum gravity. We
study the dependence of the spectrum of the operator (epsilon D) on the hopping
parameter. We find that the distributions of the lowest eigenvalues become
discrete when the hopping parameter approaches the value 1/sqrt{3}. We show
that this phenomenon is related to the behavior of the system in the
'antiferromagnetic' phase of the corresponding Ising model. Using finite size
analysis we determine critical exponents controlling the scaling of the lowest
eigenvalue of the spectrum including the Hausdorff dimension d_H and the
exponent kappa which tells us how fast the pseudo-critical value of the hopping
parameter approaches its infinite volume limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76133 </DOCNO>
Light Cone QED in a Homogeneous Electric Background


  I present an exact solution for the Heisenberg picture, Dirac electron in the
presence of an electric field which depends arbitrarily upon the light cone
time parameter $x^+ = (t+x)/\sqrt{2}$. This is the largest class of background
fields for which the mode functions have ever been obtained. The solution
applies to electrons of any mass and in any spacetime dimension. The
traditional ampiguity at $p^+ = 0$ is explicitly resolved. It turns out that
the initial value operators include not only $(I + \gamma^0 \gamma^1) \psi$ at
$x^+ = 0$ but also $(I - \gamma^0 \gamma^1) \psi$ at $x^- = -L$. Pair creation
is a discrete and instantaneous event on the light cone, so one can compute the
particle production rate in real time. In $D=1+1$ dimensions one can also see
the anomaly. Another novel feature of the solution is that the expectation
value of the currents operators depends non-analytically upon the background
field. This seems to suggest a new, strong phase of QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73771 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric enhancement of associated ZA^0 production at e^+e^-


  We study the associated production of the A^0 neutral CP-odd Higgs boson with
a neutral gauge boson Z in high energy e^+ e^- collisions at the one loop
level. We present a detailed discussion for the total cross-section predicted
in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and make a
comparison with the non-SUSY Two Higgs Doublet Model (THDM). We show that the
MSSM cross-section may be enhanced compared to that for the THDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179234 </DOCNO>
Multiple scattering and $p_t$-broadening at RHIC energies


  In ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, in the 2 GeV$<p_\perp<$ 6 GeV
transverse momentum region, the soft and semi-hard multiple scattering of the
incoming nucleons in the nuclear medium results in the broadening of the
expected hadronic (e.g. pion) $p_\perp$ spectra relative to proton-proton
($pp$) collisions. Thus, higher transverse-momentum regions are populated than
in $pp$ collisions. In a perturbative QCD based calculation we include the
intrinsic transverse momentum ($k_\perp$) of the partons in the nucleon
(determined from $pp$ collisions), augmented by the extra broadening obtained
via a systematic analysis of proton-nucleus ($pA$) collisions in the energy
range 17$<\sqrt{s}<$ 39 AGeV. The original polynomial spectra are modified, and
a nearly exponential spectrum appears in the region 2$\lesssim p_\perp\lesssim
3.5$ GeV. At present RHIC energies ($\sqrt{s}=$130 AGeV), the slope of the
calculated spectra is reminiscent of that of fluid-dynamical descriptions, but
lacks any thermal origin. We determine and discuss the size of the
modifications originating in multiple scattering, which lead to this state of
affairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73239 </DOCNO>
Scaling of hadron masses and widths in thermal models for


  By means of a simple rescaling, modifications of hadron masses and widths are
incorporated into the thermal analysis of particle ratios in ultra-relativistic
heavy-ion collisions. We find that moderate, up to 20%, changes of hadron
masses do not spoil the quality of the fits, which remain as good as those
obtained without modifications. The fits with the modified masses yield,
however, modified values of the optimal temperature and baryon chemical
potential. In particular, with decreasing masses of all hadrons (except for
pseudo-Goldstone bosons) the fitted values of the temperature and the baryon
chemical potential are lowered, with the change approximately proportional to
the scaling of masses. In addition, we find that the broadening of the hadron
widths by less than a factor of two practically does not affect the fits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74544 </DOCNO>
Spin effects in deeply virtual Compton scattering


  We consider the azimuthal angle dependence in the cross section of the hard
leptoproduction of a photon on a nucleon target. We show that this dependence
allows to define observables that isolate the twist-two and twist-three sectors
in the deeply virtual Compton scattering amplitude. All twist-two and
twist-three Compton form factors can be extracted from measurements of the
charge odd part of the polarized cross section and give access to all
generalized parton distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125359 </DOCNO>
The Imprint of Lithium Recombination on the Microwave Background


  Following Loeb (2001), we explore the imprint of the resonant 6708A line
opacity of neutral lithium on the temperature and polarization anisotropies of
the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at observed wavelengths of 250-350 micron
(0.9-1.2 THz). We show that if lithium recombines in the redshift range of
z=400-500 as expected, then the standard CMB anisotropies would be
significantly modified in this wavelength band. The modified polarization
signal could be comparable to the expected polarization anisotropies of the
far-infrared background on sub-degree angular scales (l>100). Detection of the
predicted signal can be used to infer the primordial abundance of lithium, and
to probe structure in the Universe at z~500.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5628 </DOCNO>
Nonvanishing Local Moment in Triplet Superconductors


  The Kondo effect in a $p_x + {\rm i} p_y$-wave superconductor is studied by
applying the Wilson's numerical renormalization group method. In this type of
superconductor with a full energy gap like a s-wave one, the ground state is
always a spin doublet, while a local spin is shrunk by the Kondo effect. The
calculated magnetic susceptibility indicates that the spin of the ground state
is generated by the orbital effect of the $p_x + {\rm i} p_y$-wave Cooper
pairs. The effect of spin polarization of the triplet superconductor is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5788 </DOCNO>
The Lattice Fermi Surface


  The Nambu - Jona-Lasinio model in 2+1 dimensions is simulated for non-zero
baryon chemical potential with a diquark source term. No evidence for a BCS
condensate or gap is seen at high density; rather, critical behaviour with
novel exponents is observed, suggesting that 2d superfluidity as first
described by Kosterlitz and Thouless is realised, but with the universality
class determined by the presence of relativistic fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5164 </DOCNO>
Non-Fermi Liquid Behavior of U-impurity with $f^2$-Singlet Ground State


  It is shown by the Wilson's numerical renormalization-group approach that
Non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behaviors arise even for U-impurity with an
$f^2$-singlet ground state, and all the puzzling behaviors of
R$_{1-x}$U$_x$Ru$_2$Si$_2$ (R=Th, Y and La, $x\le 0.07$) can be explained on
its basis. There exists an unstable NFL fixed point due to the balance between
Kondo singlet and Crystalline-Electric-Field singlet ground states. For wide
region in parameter space the system shows the NFL behavior as a transient
phenomenon in temperature range accessible by experiment. Results for
temperature dependence of the resistivity, the magnetic susceptibility and the
Sommerfeld coefficient with and without magnetic field reproduce the behaviors
observed in Th$_{1-x}$U$_x$Ru$_2$Si$_2$. Less anomalous properties of
R$_{1-x}$U$_x$Ru$_2$Si$_2$ (R=Y and La) can be understood along the same
scenario provided that those compounds have different sets of parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96254 </DOCNO>
On the Minimum Ropelength of Knots and Links


  The ropelength of a knot is the quotient of its length and its thickness, the
radius of the largest embedded normal tube around the knot. We prove existence
and regularity for ropelength minimizers in any knot or link type; these are
$C^{1,1}$ curves, but need not be smoother. We improve the lower bound for the
ropelength of a nontrivial knot, and establish new ropelength bounds for small
knots and links, including some which are sharp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86438 </DOCNO>
The Causality Principle in the Field Theory of Gravitation


  The causality principle for the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation (RTG) is
presented. It is a straightforward consequence of the RTG basic postulates. The
necessary conditions for physical solutions of the gravitational field
equations to be fulfilled are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98774 </DOCNO>
The Combinatorics of Alternating Tangles: from theory to computerized


  We study the enumeration of alternating links and tangles, considered up to
topological (flype) equivalences. A weight $n$ is given to each connected
component, and in particular the limit $n\to 0$ yields information about
(alternating) knots. Using a finite renormalization scheme for an associated
matrix model, we first reduce the task to that of enumerating planar
tetravalent diagrams with two types of vertices (self-intersections and
tangencies), where now the subtle issue of topological equivalences has been
eliminated. The number of such diagrams with $p$ vertices scales as $12^p$ for
$p\to\infty$. We next show how to efficiently enumerate these diagrams (in time
$\sim 2.7^p$) by using a transfer matrix method. We give results for various
generating functions up to 22 crossings. We then comment on their large-order
asymptotic behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125877 </DOCNO>
Accretion Disk Spectra of the Ultra-luminous Compact X-ray Sources in


  The Ultra-luminous Compact X-ray Sources (ULXs) in nearby spiral galaxies and
the Galactic super-luminal jet sources share the common spectral characteristic
that they have extremely high disk temperatures which cannot be explained in
the framework of the standard accretion disk model in the Schwarzschild metric.
We examine several possibilities to solve this ``too-hot'' disk problem. In
particular, we have calculated an extreme Kerr disk model to fit the observed
spectra. We found that the Kerr disk will become significantly harder compared
to the Schwarzschild disk only when the disk is highly inclined. For
super-luminal jet sources, which are known to be inclined systems, the Kerr
disk model may work if we choose proper values for the black hole angular
momentum. For the ULXs, however, the Kerr disk interpretation will be
problematic, as it is highly unlikely that their accretion disks are
preferentially inclined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124491 </DOCNO>
The Ursa Major Cluster of Galaxies. III. Optical observations of dwarf


  Results are presented of a deep optical survey of the Ursa Major Cluster, a
spiral-rich cluster of galaxies at a distance of 18.6 Mpc which contains about
30% of the light but only 5% of the mass of the nearby Virgo Cluster. Fields
around known cluster members and a pattern of blind fields along the major and
minor axes of the cluster were studied with mosaic CCD cameras on the
Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. The dynamical crossing time for the Ursa Major
Cluster is only slightly less than a Hubble time. Most galaxies in the local
Universe exist in similar moderate density environments. The Ursa Major Cluster
is therefore a good place to study the statistical properties of dwarf galaxies
since this structure is at an evolutionary stage representative of typical
environments yet has enough galaxies that reasonable counting statistics can be
accumulated. The main observational results of our survey are: (i) The galaxy
luminosity function is flat, with a logarithmic slope alpha = -1.1 for -17 <
M_R < -11, from a power-law fit. The error in alpha is likely to be less than
0.2 and is dominated by systematic errors, primarily associatedd with
uncertainties in assigning membership to specific galaxies. This faint end
slope is quite different to what was seen in the Virgo Cluster where
alpha=-2.26. (ii) Dwarf galaxies are as frequently found to be blue dwarf
irregulars as red dwarf spheroidals in the blind cluster fields. The density of
red dwarfs is significantly higher in the fields around luminous members than
in the blind fields. The most important result is the failure to detect many
dwarfs. If the steep luminosity function claimed for the Virgo Cluster were
valid for Ursa Major then in our blind fields we should have found about 1000
galaxies with -17 < M_R <-11 where we have found two dozen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96317 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic behavior of a stationary silo with absorbing walls


  We study the nearest neighbors one dimensional uniform q-model of force
fluctuations in bead packs [Coppersmith et al (1996)], a stochastic model to
simulate the stress of granular media in two dimensional silos. The vertical
coordinate plays the role of time, and the horizontal coordinate the role of
space. The process is a discrete time Markov process with state space
$\R^{\{1,...,N\}}$. At each layer (time), the weight supported by each grain is
a random variable of mean one (its own weight) plus the sum of random fractions
of the weights supported by the nearest neighboring grains at the previous
layer. The fraction of the weight given to the right neighbor of the successive
layer is a uniform random variable in $[0,1]$ independent of everything. The
remaining weight is given to the left neighbor. In the boundaries, a uniform
fraction of the weight leans on the wall of the silo. This corresponds to
\emph{absorbing boundary conditions}. For this model we show that there exists
a unique invariant measure. The mean weight at site $i$ under the invariant
measure is $i(N+1-i)$; we prove that its variance is $\frac12(i(N+1-i))^2 +
O(N^3)$ and the covariances between grains $i\neq j$ are of order $O(N^3)$.
Moreover, as $N\to\infty$, the law under the invariant measure of the weights
divided by $N^2$ around site (integer part of) $rN$, $r\in (0,1)$, converges to
a product of gamma distributions with parameters 2 and $2(r(1-r))^{-1}$ (sum of
two exponentials of mean $r(1-r)/2$). Liu {\it et al} (1995) proved that for a
silo with infinitely many weightless grains, any product of gamma distributions
with parameters 2 and $2/\rho$ with $\rho\in [0,\infty)$ are invariant. Our
result shows that as the silo grows, the model selects exactly one of these
Gamma's at each macroscopic place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128814 </DOCNO>
Chemodynamical evolution of interacting galaxies


  We have undertaken numerical simulations of galaxy interactions and mergers,
coupling the dynamics with the star formation history and the chemical
evolution. The self-gravity of stars and gas is taken into account through a
tree-code algorithm, the gas hydrodynamics through SPH, and an empirical law
such as a local Schmidt law is used to compute star formation. The gas and
stellar metallicity is computed at each position, according to assumed yields,
and the dust amount is monitored. At each step the spectra of galaxies are
computed, according to simple radiative transfer and dust models. Initial
conditions for these simulations will be taken from a large-scale cosmological
frame-work. The aim is to build a statistically significant library of merger
histories. The first results of the project will be discussed, in particular on
predictions about galaxy surveys at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1804 </DOCNO>
Thickness independence of field induced time reversal symmetry breaking


  We have measured the field dependence of the Zero Bias Conductance Peak
(ZBCP) of tunnel junctions prepared on (110) oriented Y1Ba2Cu3O7-d films of
various thickness. We have found that the field splitting of the ZBCP, believed
to be due to the Time Reversal Symmetry Breaking (TRSB) of Andreev surface
bound states, is independent of film thickness. This rules out that Meissner
screening currents are at the origin of TRSB. We conclude that TRSB must,
instead, be due to a field-induced modification of the Order parameter.
Different possibilities involving an imaginary component are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87219 </DOCNO>
Self-similar spherically symmetric solutions of the massless


  We construct the general spherically symmetric and self-similar solution of
the Einstein-Vlasov system (collisionless matter coupled to general relativity)
with massless particles, under certain regularity conditions. Such solutions
have a curvature singularity by construction, and their initial data on a
Cauchy surface to the past of the singularity can be chosen to have compact
support in momentum space. They can also be truncated at large radius so that
they have compact support in space, while retaining self-similarity in a
central region that includes the singularity. However, the Vlasov distribution
function can not be bounded. As a simpler illustration of our techniques and
notation we also construct the general spherically symmetric and static
solution, for both massive and massless particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98028 </DOCNO>
Gevrey vectors of multi-quasi-elliptic systems


  We show that the multi--quasi-ellipticity is a necessary and sufficient
condition for the property of elliptic iterates to be hold for
multi-quasi-homogenous differential operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75964 </DOCNO>
Cosmology with a long range repulsive force


  We consider a class of cosmological models in which the universe is filled
with a (non-electric) charge density that repels itself by means of a force
carried by a vector boson with a tiny mass. When the vector's mass depends upon
other fields, the repulsive interaction gives rise to an electromagnetic
barrier which prevents these fields from driving the mass to zero. This can
modify the cosmology dramatically. We present a very simple realization of this
idea in which the vector's mass arises from a scalar field. The electromagnetic
barrier prevents this field from rolling down its potential and thereby leads
to accelerated expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127385 </DOCNO>
ASCA X-ray source catalogue in the Galactic Center region


  The ASCA satellite made 107 pointing observations on a 5 x 5 deg^2 region
around the center of our Milky Way Galaxy (the Galactic Center) from 1993 to
1999. In the X-ray images of the 0.7--3 keV or 3--10 keV bands, we found 52
point sources and a dozen diffuse sources. All the point sources are uniformly
fitted with an absorbed power-law model. For selected bright sources, Sgr A*,
AX J1745.6-2901, A 1742-294, SLX 1744-300, GRO J1744-28, SLX 1737-282, GRS
1734-292, AX J1749.2-2725, KS 1741-293, GRS 1741.9-2853, and an unusual flare
source XTE J1739-302, we present further detailed spectral and timing analyses,
and discuss their nature.
 The dozen extended X-ray sources comprise radio supernova remnants, giant
molecular clouds, and some new discoveries. Most show emission lines from
either highly ionized atoms or low-ionized irons.
 The X-ray spectra were fitted with either a thin thermal or power-law model.
This paper summarizes the results and provides the ASCA X-ray source catalogue
in the Galactic Center region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128265 </DOCNO>
Formation of Elliptical Galaxies by Collisionless Equal and Unequal Mass


  We performed a large set of collisionless N-body simulations of merging
disk-galaxies with mass ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 using the special
purpose hardware GRAPE. These simulations were used to examine whether the
formation of elliptical galaxies can be explained in the context of the merger
scenario. The photometric, kinematical and isophotal properties of the
simulated merger remnants were investigated. The methods used to determine the
characteristic properties were developed to resemble the methods used for
observations of giant elliptical galaxies. We took projection effects into
account and analysed the remnant properties in a statistical way for comparison
with observations. We found that 1:1 merger remnants rotate slowly, are
supported by anisotropic velocity dispersions, have significant minor-axis
rotation, and show predominantly boxy isophotes in good agreement with
observations of bright giant ellipticals. 3:1 and 4:1 remnants are isotropic,
fast rotators, show a small amount of minor-axis rotation, and have disky
isophotes in perfect agreement with observations of faint fast rotating giant
elliptical galaxies. 2:1 remnants show intermediate properties. Projection
effects lead to a large spread in the data in good agreement with observations.
They do not change the fundamental differences between equal-mass and
unequal-mass merger remnants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96692 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative symmetric functions VI: Free quasi-symmetric functions


  This article is devoted to the study of several algebras which are related to
symmetric functions, and which admit linear bases labelled by various
combinatorial objects: permutations (free quasi-symmetric functions), standard
Young tableaux (free symmetric functions) and packed integer matrices (matrix
quasi-symmetric functions). Free quasi-symmetric functions provide a kind of
noncommutative Frobenius characteristic for a certain category of modules over
the 0-Hecke algebras. New examples of indecomposable $H_n(0)$-modules are
discussed, and the homological properties of $H_n(0)$ are computed for small
$n$. Finally, the algebra of matrix quasi-symmetric functions is interpreted as
a convolution algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4437 </DOCNO>
Thermal treatment of the minority game


  We study a cost function for the aggregate behavior of all the agents
involved in the Minority Game (MG) or the Bar Attendance Model (BAM). The cost
function allows to define a deterministic, synchronous dynamics that yields
results that have the main relevant features than those of the probabilistic,
sequential dynamics used for the MG or the BAM. We define a temperature through
a Langevin approach in terms of the fluctuations of the average attendance. We
prove that the cost function is an extensive quantity that can play the role of
an internal energy of the many agent system while the temperature so defined is
an intensive parameter. We compare the results of the thermal perturbation to
the deterministic dynamics and prove that they agree with those obtained with
the MG or BAM in the limit of very low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113417 </DOCNO>
The Astronomical Link Between India and the Mayans


  We argue that there was a link between Indus Valley India and the Mayans of
Central America which is brought out by astronomical references. The former
used a Jovian calendar while the latter had perfected a calendar based on
Venus. This will be shown to be a significant clue. This also provides an
explanation for the as yet unexplained fact that the Indus script has been
found on Easter Islands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40884 </DOCNO>
Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson in OPAL


  A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the OPAL detector at LEP was
reported. The analysis was based on the full data sample collected at
center-of-mass energies of 192-209 GeV in 1999 and 2000, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of approximately 426 /pb. The data shows an excess in a
range of 95-120 GeV. The data slightly favour the hypothesis that a signal is
present, but also that the data are consistent with the background hypothesis.
A lower bound of 109.7 GeV is obtained on the Higgs boson mass at the 95%
confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127130 </DOCNO>
Maximum Feedback and Dark Matter Profiles of Dwarf Galaxies


  The observed rotation curves of dark matter-dominated dwarf galaxies indicate
low density cores, contrary to the predictions of CDM models. A possible
solution of this problem involves stellar feedback. A strong baryonic wind
driven by vigorous star formation can remove a large fraction of the gas,
causing the dark matter to expand. We explore the maximum effect of the
feedback with an instantaneous removal of the gaseous disk. The energy input
depends on the compactness of the disk, hence the specific angular momentum of
the disk. For the plausible cosmological parameters and a large range of the
disk angular momentum, the feedback is insufficient to destroy the central halo
cusp, while the inner density is lowered only by a modest factor of 2 to 6. Any
realistic modeling of the feedback would have even lesser impact on dark
matter. We find that no star formation effect can resolve the problems of CDM
cusps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95797 </DOCNO>
On tensor categories attached to cells in affine Weyl groups II


  George Lusztig conjectured that asymptotic affine Hecke algebra of a simply
connected group can be explicitly described in terms of convolution algebras.
Main Theorem of this note (which is a continuation of RT/0010089) is a weak
version of this Conjecture. This version is strong enough to reprove all
previously known results (due to Nanhua Xi) in this direction, for example the
case of type $\tilde A_n$, see QA/0010159.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123728 </DOCNO>
Formation of optical lines in black-hole binaries


  The HI Balmer emission lines of black-hole binaries show double-peaked
profiles during the high-soft state and the quiescent state. In the high-soft
state the profiles are asymmetric with a stronger red peak, but the profiles
are symmetric in the quiescent state. We suggest that in the high-soft state
the emission lines originate from the temperature-inversion layer caused by
irradiative heating of an optically thick accretion disk. Irradiative heating
also causes the formation of a disk wind, which mildly absorbs the blue peak of
the lines. The double-peaked lines seen in the quiescent state arise from an
optically thin disk. In the absence of a disk wind, the lines are unabsorbed
and so the symmetry of the line profiles is preserved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75044 </DOCNO>
QCD and Heavy Ions


  This short paper is an attempt to describe a theorist's view of the goals of
relativistic heavy ion program which has just entered the collider era. These
goals are centered around understanding the properties and the critical
behavior of Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) in the non-linear regime of high
color field strength and high parton density. Some of the current theoretical
challenges are highlighted, and the place of heavy ion research in the broader
context of modern particle and nuclear physics is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126485 </DOCNO>
Radio and X-ray diffuse emission in six clusters of galaxies


  Deep Very Large Array radio observations confirm the presence of halo and
relic sources in six clusters of galaxies (A115, A520, A773, A1664, A2254,
A2744) where a wide diffuse emission was previously found in the NRAO VLA Sky
Survey. New images at 1.4 GHz of these six clusters of galaxies are presented
and X-ray data obtained from the ROSAT archive are analyzed. The properties of
clusters hosting radio halos and relics are analyzed and discussed. A
correlation between the halo radio power and the cluster gravitational mass is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168852 </DOCNO>
Security of quantum key distribution using d-level systems


  We consider two quantum cryptographic schemes relying on encoding the key
into qudits, i.e. quantum states in a d-dimensional Hilbert space. The first
cryptosystem uses two mutually unbiased bases (thereby extending the BB84
scheme), while the second exploits all the d+1 available such bases (extending
the six-state protocol for qubits). We derive the information gained by a
potential eavesdropper applying a cloning-based individual attack, along with
an upper bound on the error rate that ensures unconditional security against
coherent attacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6448 </DOCNO>
Vortices carrying an arbitrary fraction of magnetic flux quantum in


  We discuss linear topological defects allowed in two-gap superconductors. We
show that in this system there exist vortices which carry an arbitrary fraction
of magnetic flux quantum. Besides that we discuss topological defects in a
two-gap system which do not carry magnetic flux as well as describe features of
ordinary one-magnetic flux quantum vortices in this system. We also propose an
experiment where the vortices carrying a fraction of magnetic flux quantum can
be created and observed. The results should be relevant for newly discovered
two-band superconductor Mg B_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2657 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Out-of-Equilibrium Splitting of the Kondo Resonance


  An experiment is proposed to measure the out-of-equilibrium splitting of the
Kondo resonance in an ultrasmall quantum dot, by adding a third, weakly coupled
lead to the standard two-lead quantum-dot system, and sweeping the chemical
potential of that lead. Fixing the voltage bias between the source and drain
leads, we show that the differential conductance for the current through the
third lead traces the out-of-equilibrium dot density of states (DOS) for the
two-lead system. This enables one to measure the dot DOS in the presence of an
applied voltage bias. We show that this method is robust, and extends also to
the case where the coupling to the third lead is no longer weak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97903 </DOCNO>
Separation of variables for quantum integrable models related to $


  In this paper we construct separated variables for quantum integrable models
related to the algebra $U_q(\hat{sl}_N)$. This generalizes the results by
Sklyanin for $N=2,3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149465 </DOCNO>
Lessons from Numerical Analysis


  It is reviewed how Renormalization Group, species doubling and CKM mixing are
known to appear in numerical analysis: Butcher group, parasitic solutions and
higher order methods

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96513 </DOCNO>
Traces in braided categories


  With any even Hecke symmetry R (that is a Hecke type solution of the
Yang-Baxter equation) we associate a quasitensor category. We formulate a
condition on R implying that the constructed category is rigid and its
commutativity isomorphisms R_{U,V} are natural. We show that this condition
leads to rescaling of the initial Hecke symmetry. We suggest a new way of
introducing traces as properly normalized categorical morphisms End(V) --> K
and deduce the corresponding normalization from categorical dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75395 </DOCNO>
Why Nature has made a choice of one time and three space coordinates?


  We propose a possible answer to one of the most exciting open questions in
physics and cosmology, that is the question why we seem to experience four-
dimensional space-time with three ordinary and one time dimensions. We have
known for more than 70 years that (elementary) particles have spin degrees of
freedom, we also know that besides spin they also have charge degrees of
freedom, both degrees of freedom in addition to the position and momentum
degrees of freedom. We may call these ''internal degrees of freedom '' the
''internal space'' and we can think of all the different particles, like quarks
and leptons, as being different internal states of the same particle. The
question then naturally arises: Is the choice of the Minkowski metric and the
four-dimensional space-time influenced by the ''internal space''?
  Making assumptions (such as particles being in first approximation massless)
about the equations of motion, we argue for restrictions on the number of space
and time dimensions. (Actually the Standard model predicts and experiments
confirm that elementary particles are massless until interactions switch on
masses.)
  Accepting our explanation of the space-time signature and the number of
dimensions would be a point supporting (further) the importance of the
''internal space''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1381 </DOCNO>
Minority Games and stylized facts


  The Minority Game is a generic model of competing adaptive agents, which is
often believed to be a model of financial markets. We discuss to which extend
this is a reasonable statement, and present minimal modifications that make
this model reproduce stylized facts. The resulting model shows that without
speculators, prices follow random walks, and that stylized facts disappear if
enough speculators take into account their market impact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125100 </DOCNO>
On the variation of the gauge couplings during inflation


  It is shown that the evolution of the (Abelian) gauge coupling during an
inflationary phase of de Sitter type drives the growth of the two-point
function of the magnetic inhomogeneities. After examining the constraints on
the variation of the gauge coupling arising in a standard model of inflationary
and post-inflationary evolution, magnetohydrodynamical equations are
generalized to the case of time evolving gauge coupling. It is argued that
large scale magnetic fields can be copiously generated. Other possible
implications of the model are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74192 </DOCNO>
Determination of the strangeness contents of light-flavour isoscalars


  A new phenomenological approach is suggested to determine the strangeness
contents of light-flavour isoscalars. This approach is based on
phenomenological laws of hadron production related to the spin, isospin,
strangeness content and mass of the particles. The ``effective'' numbers of s
and \bar{s} quarks in the isoscalar partners i_1 and i_2 are given by the
nonstrange-strange mixing angle \phi: k(i_1)=2\sin^2\phi and
k(i_2)=2\cos^2\phi. From the total production rates per hadronic Z decay of all
light-flavour hadrons measured so far at LEP the values for k are found to be:
k(\eta) \equiv 2-k(\eta^{\prime}) = 0.91 \pm 0.12, k(\phi) \equiv 2-k(\omega) =
1.94 \pm 0.09, k(f_2^{\prime}) \equiv 2-k(f_2) = 1.84 \pm 0.21 and k(f_0) =
0.09 \pm 0.13. Our results on the \eta--\eta^{\prime}, \omega--\phi and
f_2--f_2^{\prime} isoscalar mixing are consistent with the present experimental
evidence. Quite remarkably, our value for k(\eta) corresponds to the
singlet-octet mixing angle \theta_P = -12.4^{\circ} \pm 3.5^{\circ}. The
obtained strangeness content of the f_0(980) scalar/isoscalar is not consistent
with the values supported by different model studies. However, taking the
f_0(980) in our analysis with the mass of the bare state (K-matrix pole)
f_0^{bare}(720 \pm 100), the mixing angle is found to be: |\phi_S^{bare}| =
73^{\circ} \pm 7^{\circ} \pm 24^{\circ}, in good agreement with the prediction
of the K-matrix analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169318 </DOCNO>
The entanglement concentration and purification for entangled


  We present a concentration and purification scheme for nonmaximally entangled
pure and mixed porization entangled state. We firstly show that two distant
parties Alice and Bob first start with two shared but less entangled photon
pure states to produce a four photon GHZ state, and then perform a 45
polarization measurement onto one of the two photons at each location such that
the remaining two photon are projected onto a maximally entangled state. We
further show the scheme also can be used to purify a class of mixed
polarization-entangled state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41873 </DOCNO>
A note on the baryonic B-->Lambdabar p eta' decay


  In this short note we examine the exclusive three-body B --> Lambdabar p eta'
decay using a simple pole model involving a scalar intermediate resonance
state. Our aim is to test the recently formulated hypothesis that charmless
baryonic B decays could occur mainly in association with eta' or gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127051 </DOCNO>
Uncertainties in Dielectronic Recombination Rate Coefficients: Effects


  We have investigated how the relative elemental abundances inferred from the
solar upper atmosphere are affected by uncertainties in the dielectronic
recombination (DR) rate coefficients used to analyze the spectra. We find that
the inferred relative abundances can be up to a factor of ~5 smaller or ~1.6
times larger than those inferred using the currently recommended DR rate
coefficients. We have also found a plausible set of variations to the DR rate
coefficients which improve the inferred (and expected) isothermal nature of
solar coronal observations at heights of >~ 50 arcsec off the solar limb. Our
results can be used to help prioritize the enormous amount of DR data needed
for modeling solar and stellar upper atmospheres. Based on the work here, our
list of needed rate coefficients for DR onto specific isoelectronic sequences
reads, in decreasing order of importance, as follows: O-like, C-like, Be-like,
N-like, B-like, F-like, Li-like, He-like, and Ne-like. It is our hope that this
work will help to motivate and prioritize future experimental and theoretical
studies of DR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2833 </DOCNO>
Charge and orbital order in RNiO3 (R=Nd,Y) by LSDA+U method


  Electronic structure of NdNiO3 and YNiO3 are calculated by using LSDA+U
method with rotational invariance. No orbital order on Ni sites is observed in
both systems but different charge orderings. In a small distorting system
NdNiO3, all Ni ions are trivalent and oxygen sites have a particular ordering,
both in charge and orbital. In a large distorting system YNiO3, the charge
disproportionation occurs. The charge ordering stabilizes the asymmetry of the
arrangement of the local magnetic moments around each nickel site without the
Jahn-Teller distortion in both systems. The charge compensation occurs in the
local projected density of states, which are discussed in details.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95775 </DOCNO>
Aspects of the q-deformed Fuzzy Sphere


  These notes are a short review of the q-deformed fuzzy sphere S^2_{q,N},
which is a ``finite'' noncommutative 2-sphere covariant under the quantum group
U_q(su(2)). We discuss its real structure, differential calculus and
integration for both real q and q a phase, and show how actions for Yang-Mills
and Chern- Simons-like gauge theories arise naturally. It is related to
D-branes on the SU(2)_k WZW model for q = exp(\frac{i \pi}{k+2}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81234 </DOCNO>
Clear Evidence of a Continuum Theory of 4D Euclidean Simplicial Quantum


  Four-dimensional (4D) simplicial quantum gravity coupled to both scalar
fields (N_X) and gauge fields (N_A) has been studied using Monte-Carlo
simulations. The matter dependence of the string susceptibility exponent
gamma^{(4)} is estimated. Furthermore, we compare our numerical results with
Background-Metric-Independent (BMI) formulation conjectured to describe the
quantum field theory of gravity in 4D. The numerical results suggest that the
4D simplicial quantum gravity is related to the conformal gravity in 4D.
Therefore, we propose a phase structure in detail with adding both scalar and
gauge fields and discuss the possibility and the property of a continuum theory
of 4D Euclidean simplicial quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5194 </DOCNO>
Single and double qubit gates by manipulating degeneracy


  A novel mechanism is proposed for single and double qubit state manipulations
in quantum computation with four-fold degenerate energy levels. The principle
is based on starting with a four fold degeneracy, lifting it stepwise
adiabatically by a set of control parameters and performing the quantum gate
operations on non-degenerate states. A particular realization of the proposed
mechanism is suggested by using inductively coupled rf-squid loops in the
macroscopic quantum tunnelling regime where the energy eigen levels are
directly connected with the measurable flux states. The one qubit and two qubit
controlled operations are demonstrated explicitly. The appearance of the flux
states also allows precise read-in and read-out operations by the measurement
of flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75819 </DOCNO>
On high-redshift quasar absorption spectra and the Riemannian geometry


  We study the observed small deviations of high-redshift absorption spectra
that are interpreted as a possible evidence for a variable fine structure
constant. On the contrary, we claim that the effect could be completely
attributed to the small amount of cosmic shear beyond the standard Friedmann
expanding Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113508 </DOCNO>
The attractive nonlinear delta-function potential


  We solve the continuous one-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger equation for the case
of an inverted {\em nonlinear} delta-function potential located at the origin,
obtaining the bound state in closed form as a function of the nonlinear
exponent. The bound state probability profile decays exponentially away from
the origin, with a profile width that increases monotonically with the
nonlinear exponent, becoming an almost completely extended state when this
approaches two. At an exponent value of two, the bound state suffers a
discontinuous change to a delta-like profile. Further increase of the exponent
increases again the width of the probability profile, although the bound state
is proven to be stable only for exponents below two. The transmission of plane
waves across the nonlinear delta potential increases monotonically with the
nonlinearity exponent and is insensitive to the sign of its opacity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169284 </DOCNO>
Quantum-like formalism for cognitive measurements


  We develop a kind of quantum formalism (Hilbert space probabilistic calculus)
for measurements performed over cognitive (in particular, conscious) systems.
By using this formalism we could predict averages of cognitive observables.
Reflecting the basic idea of neurophisiological and psychological studies on a
hierarchic structure of cognitive processes, we use p-adic hierarchic trees as
a mathematical model of a mental space. We also briefly discuss the general
problem of the choice of adequate mental geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1445 </DOCNO>
Size effects of pyroelectric coefficient and dielectric susceptibility


  We calculate the pyrocoefficient, static dielectric susceptibility profiles
and its thickness dependence of ferroelectric thin films. Also, the temperature
dependences of above quantities have been calculated. For the calculations we
use Landau phenomenological theory, leading to Lame equations. These equations
subject to boundary conditions with different extrapolation length on the
surfaces have been solved numerically. The divergency of pyroelectric
coefficient and static dielectric susceptibility in the vicinity of thickness
induced ferroelectric phase transition (i.e. at $l\approx l_c$ or $% T\approx
T_{cl}$) has been shown to be the most prominent size effect in ferroelectric
thin films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129317 </DOCNO>
Accelerating Universe as from the Evolution of Extra Dimensions


  In this paper we propose a scenario with small compact extra dimensions for
generating the accelerating expansion of the the present universe, as suggested
by the recent distance measurements of type Ia supernovae. In this scenario,
the accelerating expansion of a matter-dominated universe is generated along
with the evolution of the space in extra dimensions. We use the Einstein
equations to analyze qualitatively the behavior of the evolution and then
obtain numerical solutions which illustrate explicitly the pattern of the
accelerating expansion of the 3-space generated by the evolution of the space
in extra dimensions. A fine tuning problem associated with this scenario is
described and discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77153 </DOCNO>
On the Generation of a Scale-Invariant Spectrum of Adiabatic


  In Pre-Big-Bang and in Ekpyrotic Cosmology, perturbations on cosmological
scales today are generated from quantum vacuum fluctuations during a phase when
the Universe is contracting (viewed in the Einstein frame). The backgrounds
studied to date do not yield a scale invariant spectrum of adiabatic
fluctuations. Here, we present a new contracting background model (neither of
Pre-Big-Bang nor of the Ekpyrotic form) involving a single scalar field coupled
to gravity in which a scale-invariant spectrum of curvature fluctuations and
gravitational waves results. The equation of state of this scalar field
corresponds to cold matter. We demonstrate that if this contracting phase can
be matched via a nonsingular bounce to an expanding Friedmann cosmology, the
scale-invariance of the curvature fluctuations is maintained. We also find new
background solutions for Pre-Big-Bang and for Ekpyrotic cosmology, involving
two scalar fields with exponential potentials and whose background values are
evolving in time, for which a scale-invariant spectrum of adiabatic
fluctuations is generated. We comment on the difficulty of obtaining a
scale-invariant spectrum of adiabatic fluctuations with background solutions
which have been studied in the past.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76065 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry breaking on orbifolds from Wilson lines


  We consider five dimensional theories compactified on the orbifold S^1/Z_2
and prove that spontaneous local supersymmetry breaking by Wilson lines and by
the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism are equivalent. Wilson breaking is triggered by
the SU(2)_R symmetry which is gauged in off-shell N=2 supergravity by auxiliary
fields. The super-Higgs mechanism disposes of the would-be Goldstinos which are
absorbed by the gravitinos to become massive. The breaking survives in the flat
limit, where we decouple all gravitational interactions, and the theory becomes
softly broken global supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87015 </DOCNO>
BRST Quantisation of Histories Electrodynamics


  This paper is a continuation of earlier work where a classical history theory
of pure electrodynamics was developed in which the the history fields have
\emph{five} components. The extra component is associated with an extra
constraint, thus enlarging the gauge group of histories electrodynamics. In
this paper we quantise the classical theory developed previously by two
methods. Firstly we quantise the reduced classical history space, to obtain a
reduced quantum history theory. Secondly we quantise the classical
BRST-extended history space, and use the BRST charge to define a
`cohomological' quantum history theory. Finally we show that the reduced
history theory is isomorphic, as a history theory, to the cohomological history
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125530 </DOCNO>
Molecular hydrogen, deuterium and metal abundances in the damped


  We have detected in high resolution spectra of the quasar Q0347--3819
obtained with the UVES spectrograph at the VLT/Kueyen telescope over 80
absorption features in the Lyman and Werner H2 bands at the redshift of a
damped Ly-alpha system at z = 3.025. The z = 3.025 system spans over 80 km/s
and exhibits a multicomponent velocity structure in the metal lines. The main
component at z = 3.024855 shows a total H2 column density N(H2) =
(4.10\pm0.21)*10^{14} cm^{-2} and a fractional molecular abundance f(H2) =
(1.94\pm0.10)*10^{-6} derived from the H2 lines arising from J=0 to 5
rotational levels of the ground electronic-vibrational state. For the first
time we unambiguously reveal a pronounced [alpha-element/iron-peak] enhancement
of [O,Si/Zn] = 0.6\pm0.1 (6 sigma c.l.) at high redshift. The simultaneous
analysis of metal and hydrogen lines leads to D/H = (3.75\pm0.25)*10^{-5}. This
value is consistent with standard big bang nucleosynthesis if the
baryon-to-photon ratio, eta, lies within the range 4.37*10^{-10} <= eta <=
5.32*10^{-10}, implying 0.016 <= Omega_b h^2_100 <= 0.020.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149571 </DOCNO>
New renormalization group approach and scaling laws for the Lifshitz


  A new renormalization group treatment is proposed for the critical exponents
of an $m$-fold Lifshitz point. The anisotropic cases ($m \neq 8$) are described
by two independent fixed points associated to two independent momentum flow
along the quadratic and quartic directions, respectively. The isotropic case is
described separately. In that case, the fixed point is due to renormalization
group transformations along the quartic directions. The new scaling laws are
derived for both cases and generalize the ones previously reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98912 </DOCNO>
The diameter of a long range percolation graph


  We consider the following long range percolation model: an undirected graph
with the node set $\{0,1,...,N\}^d$, has edges $(\x,\y)$ selected with
probability $\approx \beta/||\x-\y||^s$ if $||\x-\y||>1$, and with probability
1 if $||\x-\y||=1$, for some parameters $\beta,s>0$. This model was introduced
by Benjamini and Berger, who obtained bounds on the diameter of this graph for
the one-dimensional case $d=1$ and for various values of $s$, but left cases
$s=1,2$ open. We show that, with high probability, the diameter of this graph
is $\Theta(\log N/\log\log N)$ when $s=d$, and, for some constants
$0<\eta_1<\eta_2<1$, it is at most $N^{\eta_2}$, when $s=2d$ and is at least
$N^{\eta_1}$ when $d=1,s=2,\beta<1$ or $s>2d$. We also provide a simple proof
that the diameter is at most $\log^{O(1)}N$ with high probability, when
$d<s<2d$, established previously by Berger and Benjamini.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128282 </DOCNO>
Spiral waves in accretion discs


  In the first part of this article, we review the observational evidence for
spirals in the accretion discs of cataclysmic variables. It is shown that with
the increasing amount of data available, spirals appear to be an omnipresent
feature of accretion discs in outburst. Spirals seem to live until decline that
is, for several tens of orbital periods. We then study the formation of spiral
shocks from a theoretical side, using the results of various numerical
simulations. We make a comparison between observations and theory and briefly
discuss the implications of the presence of spirals in the discs of cataclysmic
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169208 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computation with Coherent States, Linear Interactions and


  We show that quantum computation circuits with coherent states as the logical
qubits can be constructed using very simple linear networks, conditional
measurements and coherent superposition resource states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3935 </DOCNO>
Theory of electron spectroscopies


  The basic theory of photoemission, inverse photoemission, Auger-electron and
appearance-potential spectroscopy is developed within a unified framework
starting from Fermi's golden rule. The spin-resolved and temperature-dependent
appearance-potential spectroscopy of band-ferromagnetic transition metals is
studied in detail. It is shown that the consideration of electron correlations
and orbitally resolved transition-matrix elements is essential for a
quantitative agreement with experiments for Ni.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5916 </DOCNO>
Finite viscoelasticity of filled rubbers: experiments and numerical


  Constitutive equations are derived for the viscoelastic behavior of
particle-reinforced rubbers at isothermal loading with finite strains. A filled
rubber is thought of as a composite medium where inclusions with high and low
concentrations of junctions between chains are randomly distributed in a host
matrix. The inclusions with high concentration of junctions are associated with
regions of suppressed mobility of chains that surround isolated clusters of
filler and its secondary network. The regions with low concentration of
junctions arise during the mixing process due to the inhomogeneity in spatial
distribution of a cross-linker. The viscoelastic response of elastomers is
ascribed to the thermally activated processes of breakage and reformation of
strands in the domains with low concentration of junctions. Stress-strain
relations for particle-reinforced rubbers are developed by using the laws of
thermodynamics. Adjustable parameters in the constitutive equations are found
by fitting experimental data in tensile relaxation tests for several grades of
unfilled and carbon black (CB) filled rubber. It is demonstrated that the
relaxation rate is noticeably affected by strains. Unlike glassy polymers,
where the growth of longitudinal strain results in an increase in the rate of
relaxation, the growth of the elongation ratio for natural rubber (unfilled or
CB reinforced) implies a decrease in the relaxation rate, which may be
explained by partial crystallization of chains in the regions with low
concentration of junctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74903 </DOCNO>
Radiation zeros in weak boson production processes at hadron colliders


  The Standard Model amplitudes for processes where one or more gauge bosons
are emitted exhibit zeros in the angular distributions. The theoretical and
experimental aspects of these radiation amplitude zeros are reviewed and some
recent results are discussed. In particular, the zeros of the $WZ\gamma$ and
$WZZ$ production amplitudes are analyzed. It is briefly explained how radiation
zeros can be used to test the SM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125155 </DOCNO>
Disk Frequencies and Lifetimes in Young Clusters


  We report the results of the first sensitive L-band (3.5 micron) survey of
the intermediate age (2.5 - 30 Myr) clusters NGC 2264, NGC 2362 and NGC 1960.
We use JHKL colors to obtain a census of the circumstellar disk fractions in
each cluster. We find disk fractions of 52% +/- 10%, 12% +/- 4% and 3% +/- 3%
for the three clusters respectively. Together with our previously published
JHKL investigations of the younger NGC 2024, Trapezium and IC 348 clusters, we
have completed the first systematic and homogenous survey for circumstellar
disks in a sample of young clusters that both span a significant range in age
(0.3 - 30 Myr) and contain statistically significant numbers of stars whose
masses span nearly the entire stellar mass spectrum. Analysis of the combined
survey indicates that the cluster disk fraction is initially very high (> 80%)
and rapidly decreases with increasing cluster age, such that half the stars
within the clusters lose their disks in < ~3 Myr. Moreover, these observations
yield an overall disk lifetime of ~ 6 Myr in the surveyed cluster sample. This
is the timescale for essentially all the stars in a cluster to lose their
disks. This should set a meaningful constraint for the planet building
timescale in stellar clusters. The implications of these results for current
theories of planet formation are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75695 </DOCNO>
A joint analysis of the S-wave in the pi+pi- and pi0pi0 data


  We use our former results on pi+pi- S-wave obtained in a nearly
assumption-free way from the 17.2 GeV/c data to predict the pi0pi0 S--wave. The
predictions are compared with the recent results of the E852 experiment at 18.3
GeV/c. A good agreement is found for only one (the "down-flat") solution while
the second one (the "up-flat") is excluded by the pi0pi0 data. Thus the
long-standing "up-down" ambiguity has been finally resolved in favour of the
S-wave intensity which stays large and nearly constant up to the KK-bar
threshold. A joint analysis of both sets of data leads to a reduction of errors
for this solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73435 </DOCNO>
The Transverse Energy as a Barometer of a Saturated Plasma


  The evolution of the gluon plasma produced with saturation initial conditions
is calculated via Boltzmann transport theory for nuclear collisions at high
energy. The saturation scale increases with the nuclear size and the beam
energy, and thus we find that the perturbative rescattering rate decreases
relative to the initial longitudinal expansion rate of the plasma. The
effective longitudinal pressure remains significantly below the lattice QCD
pressure until the plasma cools to near the confinement scale. Therefore, the
transverse energy per unit of rapidity and its dependence on beam energy
provides a sensitive test of gluon saturation models: the fractional transverse
energy loss due to final state interactions is smaller and exhibits a weaker
energy dependence than if ideal (nondissipative) hydrodynamics applied
throughout the evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4263 </DOCNO>
A frictional Cosserat model for the slow shearing of granular materials


  A rigid-plastic Cosserat model for slow frictional flow of granular
materials, proposed by us in an earlier paper, has been used to analyze plane
and cylindrical Couette flow. In this model, the hydrodynamic fields of a
classical continuum are supplemented by the couple stress and the intrinsic
angular velocity fields. The balance of angular momentum, which is satisfied
implicitly in a classical continuum, must be enforced in a Cosserat continuum.
As a result, the stress tensor could be asymmetric, and the angular velocity of
a material point may differ from half the local vorticity. An important
consequence of treating the granular medium as a Cosserat continuum is that it
incorporates a material length scale in the model, which is absent in
frictional models based on a classical continuum. Further, the Cosserat model
allows determination of the velocity fields uniquely in viscometric flows, in
contrast to classical frictional models. Experiments on viscometric flows of
dense, slowly deforming granular materials indicate that shear is confined to a
narrow region, usually a few grain diameters thick, while the remaining
material is largely undeformed. This feature is captured by the present model,
and the velocity profile predicted for cylindrical Couette flow is in good
agreement with reported data. When the walls of the Couette cell are smoother
than the granular material, the model predicts that the shear layer thickness
is independent of the Couette gap $H$ when the latter is large compared to the
grain diameter $d_p$. When the walls are of the same roughness as the granular
material, the model predicts that the shear layer thickness varies as
$(H/d_p)^{1/3}$ in the limit $(H/d_p) \gg 1$, for plane shear under gravity and
cylindrical Couette flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5422 </DOCNO>
Strong correlation, electron-phonon interaction and critical


  Within the Hubbard-Holstein model with long-range Coulomb forces, we revisit
the charge-ordering scenario for the superconducting cuprates and account for
the presence or the absence of a formed stripe phase in different classes of
cuprates. We also evaluate the mean-field and the fluctuation-corrected
critical lines for charge ordering and we relate them with the various
pseudogap crossover lines occurring in the cuprates and we discuss a mechanism
for their peculiar isotopic dependence. Considering the dynamical nature of the
charge-ordering transition, we explain the spread of T* and of its isotopic
shift, obtained with experimental probes with different characteristic time
scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114447 </DOCNO>
An Integrated Enterprise Accelerator Database for the SLC Control System


  Since its inception in the early 1980's, the SLC control system has been
driven by a highly structured memory resident real-time database. While
efficient, its rigid structure and file-based sources makes it difficult to
maintain and extract relevant information. The goal of transforming the sources
for this database into a relational form is to enable it to be part of a
Control System Enterprise Database that is an integrated central repository for
SLC accelerator device and control system data with links to other associated
databases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76644 </DOCNO>
Wave Equation Solutions and Pair Production for Arbitrary Spin Particles


  We investigate the theory of particles with arbitrary spin and magnetic
moment in the Lorentz representation (0,s)X(s,0) in an external constant and
uniform electromagnetic field. We obtain the density matrix of free particles
in pure spin states. The differential probability of pair producing particles
with arbitrary spin by an external constant and uniform electromagnetic field
is found using the exact solutions. We calculate the imaginary and real parts
of the Lagrangian in an electromagnetic field that takes into account the
vacuum polarization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85799 </DOCNO>
Black hole entropy calculations based on symmetries


  Symmetry based approaches to the black hole entropy problem have a number of
attractive features; in particular they are very general and do not depend on
the details of the quantization method. However we point out that, of the two
available approaches, one faces conceptual problems (also emphasized by
others), while the second contains certain technical flaws. We correct these
errors and, within the new, improved scheme, calculate the entropy of
3-dimensional black holes. We find that, while the new symmetry vector fields
are well-defined on the ``stretched horizon,'' and lead to well-defined
Hamiltonians satisfying the expected Lie algebra, they fail to admit a
well-defined limit to the horizon. This suggests that, although the formal
calculation can be carried out at the classical level, its real, conceptual
origin probably lies in the quantum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179338 </DOCNO>
Scaling of space and timelike response of confined relativistic


  The response of a relativistic particle bound in a linear confining well is
calculated as a function of the momentum and energy transfer, q, \nu. At large
values of |q| the response exhibits scaling in the variable y=\nu-|q|, which is
proportional to the Nachtmann variable, \xi. The approach to scaling is studied
at smaller values of |q|. Scaling occurs at \nu~|q| at relatively small |q|,
and its validity extends over the entire \xi range as |q| increases; this
behavior is observed in electron-proton scattering. About 10% of the response
at large |q| is in the timelike region where \nu>|q|, and it is necessary to
include it to fulfill the particle number sum rule. The Gross-Llewellyn Smith
and Gottfried sum rules are discussed in the context of these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97386 </DOCNO>
Finite jet determination of local analytic CR automorphisms and their


  We show that germs of local real-analytic CR automorphisms of a real-analytic
hypersurface $M$ in $\C^2$ at a point $p\in M$ are uniquely determined by their
jets of some finite order at $p$ if and only if $M$ is not Levi-flat near $p$.
This seems to be the first necessary and sufficient result on finite jet
determination and the first result of this kind in the infinite type case.
  If $M$ is of finite type at $p$, we prove a stronger assertion: the local
real-analytic CR automorphisms of $M$ fixing $p$ are analytically parametrized
(and hence uniquely determined) by their 2-jets at $p$. This result is optimal
since the automorphisms of the unit sphere are not determined by their 1-jets
at a point of the sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148980 </DOCNO>
Notes on AdS_3


  We use the conjectured strong-weak coupling worldsheet duality between the
SL(2)/U(1) and Sine-Liouville conformal field theories to study some properties
of degenerate operators and to compute correlation functions in CFT on AdS_3.
The same quantities have been computed in the past by other means. The
agreement between the different approaches provides new evidence for the
duality. We also discuss the supersymmetric analog of this duality, the
correspondence between SCFT on the cigar and N=2 Liouville. We show that in the
spacetime CFT dual to string theory on AdS_3 via the AdS/CFT correspondence,
the central term in the Virasoro algebra takes different values in different
sectors of the theory. In a companion paper we use the results described here
to study D-branes in AdS_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5398 </DOCNO>
Influence of Magnetic Field on Effective Electron-Electron Interactions


  We have measured in a copper wire the energy exchange rate between
quasiparticles as a function of the applied magnetic field. We find that the
effective electron-electron interaction is strongly modified by the magnetic
field, suggesting that magnetic impurities play a role on the interaction
processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149674 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Instability of Self-Tuning Solution with Antisymmetric Tensor


  We consider the dynamical stability of a static brane model that incorporates
a three-index antisymmetric tensor field and has recently been proposed as a
possible solution to the cosmological constant problem. Ultimately, we are able
to establish the existence of time-dependent, purely gravitational
perturbations. As a consequence, the static solution of interest is
``dangerously'' located at an unstable saddle point. This outcome is suggestive
of a hidden fine tuning in what is an otherwise self-tuning model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1587 </DOCNO>
X-ray Photoemission Study of MgB2


  A c-axis oriented thin film and a high density sintered pellet of MgB2 have
been studied by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and compared to measurements
from MgO and MgF2 single crystals. The as-grown surface has a layer which is
Mg-rich and oxidized, which is effectively removed by a nonaqueous etchant. The
subsurface region of the pellet is Mg-deficient. This nonideal near-surface
region may explain varied scanning tunneling spectroscopy results. The MgB2
core level and Auger signals are similar to measurements from metallic Mg and
transition metal diborides, and the measured valence band is consistent with
the calculated density of states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83830 </DOCNO>
The Building of BODHI, a Bio-diversity Database System


  We have recently built a database system called BODHI, intended to store
plant bio-diversity information. It is based on an object-oriented modeling
approach and is developed completely around public-domain software. The unique
feature of BODHI is that it seamlessly integrates diverse types of data,
including taxonomic characteristics, spatial distributions, and genetic
sequences, thereby spanning the entire range from molecular too rganism-level
information. A variety of sophisticated indexing strategies are incorporated to
efficiently access the various types of data, and a rule-based query processor
is employed for optimizing query execution. In this paper, we report on our
experiences in building BODHI and on its performance characteristics for a
representative set of queries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2226 </DOCNO>
Parametric generation of second sound in superfluid helium: linear


  We report the experimental studies of a parametric excitation of a second
sound (SS) by a first sound (FS) in a superfluid helium in a resonance cavity.
The results on several topics in this system are presented: (i) The linear
properties of the instability, namely, the threshold, its temperature and
geometrical dependencies, and the spectra of SS just above the onset were
measured. They were found to be in a good quantitative agreement with the
theory. (ii) It was shown that the mechanism of SS amplitude saturation is due
to the nonlinear attenuation of SS via three wave interactions between the SS
waves. Strong low frequency amplitude fluctuations of SS above the threshold
were observed. The spectra of these fluctuations had a universal shape with
exponentially decaying tails. Furthermore, the spectral width grew continuously
with the FS amplitude. The role of three and four wave interactions are
discussed with respect to the nonlinear SS behavior. The first evidence of
Gaussian statistics of the wave amplitudes for the parametrically generated
wave ensemble was obtained. (iii) The experiments on simultaneous pumping of
the FS and independent SS waves revealed new effects. Below the instability
threshold, the SS phase conjugation as a result of three-wave interactions
between the FS and SS waves was observed. Above the threshold two new effects
were found: a giant amplification of the SS wave intensity and strong resonance
oscillations of the SS wave amplitude as a function of the FS amplitude.
Qualitative explanations of these effects are suggested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148183 </DOCNO>
The elliptic Gaudin system with spin


  The elliptic Gaudin model was obtained as the Hitchin system on an elliptic
curve with two fixed points. In the present paper the algebraic-geometrical
structure of the system with two fixed points is clarified. We identify this
system with poles dynamics of the finite gap solutions of Davey-Stewartson
equation. The solutions of this system in terms of theta-functions and the
action-angle variables are constructed. We also discuss the geometry of its
degenerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83532 </DOCNO>
GPCG: A Case Study in the Performance and Scalability of Optimization


  GPCG is an algorithm within the Toolkit for Advanced Optimization (TAO) for
solving bound constrained, convex quadratic problems. Originally developed by
More' and Toraldo, this algorithm was designed for large-scale problems but had
been implemented only for a single processor. The TAO implementation is
available for a wide range of high-performance architecture, and has been
tested on up to 64 processors to solve problems with over 2.5 million
variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126296 </DOCNO>
Massive Datasets in Astronomy


  Astronomy has a long history of acquiring, systematizing, and interpreting
large quantities of data. Starting from the earliest sky atlases through the
first major photographic sky surveys of the 20th century, this tradition is
continuing today, and at an ever increasing rate.
  Like many other fields, astronomy has become a very data-rich science, driven
by the advances in telescope, detector, and computer technology. Numerous large
digital sky surveys and archives already exist, with information content
measured in multiple Terabytes, and even larger, multi-Petabyte data sets are
on the horizon. Systematic observations of the sky, over a range of
wavelengths, are becoming the primary source of astronomical data. Numerical
simulations are also producing comparable volumes of information. Data mining
promises to both make the scientific utilization of these data sets more
effective and more complete, and to open completely new avenues of astronomical
research.
  Technological problems range from the issues of database design and
federation, to data mining and advanced visualization, leading to a new toolkit
for astronomical research. This is similar to challenges encountered in other
data-intensive fields today.
  These advances are now being organized through a concept of the Virtual
Observatories, federations of data archives and services representing a new
information infrastructure for astronomy of the 21st century. In this article,
we provide an overview of some of the major datasets in astronomy, discuss
different techniques used for archiving data, and conclude with a discussion of
the future of massive datasets in astronomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124570 </DOCNO>
VLA Detection of the Ionized Stellar Winds Arising from Massive Stars in


  The Galactic center Arches stellar cluster, detected and studied until now
only in the near-infrared, is comprised of at least one hundred massive (M>20
Msun) stars. Here we report the detection at centimeter wavelengths of radio
continuum emission from eight radio sources associated with the cluster. Seven
of these radio sources have rising spectral indices between 4.9 and 8.5 GHz and
coincide spatially with the brightest stars in the cluster, as determine from
JHK photometry and Brackett alpha and Brackett Gamma spectroscopy. Our results
confirm the presence of powerful ionized winds in these stars. The eighth radio
source has a nonthermal spectrum and its nature is yet unclear, but it could be
associated with a lower mass young star in the cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129022 </DOCNO>
Implications of the synchrotron emission in plerionic nebulae: a second


  High-quality spatially resolved spectra of synchrotron emission from plerions
represent a powerful diagnostic tool for the physical conditions in these
objects. A fundamental question is to what extent spatial variations of the
synchrotron spectrum originate from the evolution of a single population of
injected electrons, and when instead they imply the coexistence of different
populations of electrons. Here I shall discuss observations of the Crab Nebula
at millimetric wavelengths which, compared with a radio map, show evidence for
the emergence of a second synchrotron component, characterized by a flatter
spectrum and undetected in the radio range. This component is confined to the
inner part of the nebula, and cannot originate from synchrotron-dominated
evolution, also because in the Crab Nebula the electrons emitting at millimeter
wavelengths evolve almost adiabatically. Then its discovery indicates that
there are more populations of injected particles. Finally, the detection of a
low-frequency break in the spectra of synchrotron filaments can be interpreted
as an effect of higher magnetic fields in filaments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125521 </DOCNO>
The baryon fraction distribution in X-rays galaxy clusters


  The baryon fraction in galaxy clusters is one of the most direct way to
constrain $\omo$. The baryonic fraction is estimated to be in the range fb =
(0.15 - 0 .20) h^{-3/2} which is several times higher than expected from the
observed light element abundances in $\omo=1$ universe, leading to the
conclusion that we live in low density universe. In this work I will first
present the various steps which lead to these results and then foccus on the
distribution of the baryon fraction inside clusters. I will show that while the
baryon fraction in clusters follows a scaling law, its theoretical expected
shape does not agree with what is inferred from observations.
 I will show that when various systematics entering into the determination of
clusters gas fraction are taken into account the observed baryon fraction
profile matches better the predictions, provided that the average baryon
fraction at the virial radius is lower than previously found fb~10%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 578 </DOCNO>
The Merchandising Mathematician Model


  A simple model of a buying-selling cycle is proposed. The model comprises two
moves: a rational buying and a random selling. The notion of a profit intensity
is introduced. Supply and demand curves and geometrical interpretation are
discussed in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123742 </DOCNO>
The Ursa Major Cluster of Galaxies. IV ; HI synthesis observations


  In this data paper we present the results of an extensive 21cm-line synthesis
imaging survey of 43 spiral galaxies in the nearby Ursa Major cluster using the
Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. Detailed kinematic information in the
form of position-velocity diagrams and rotation curves is presented in an atlas
together with HI channel maps, 21cm continuum maps, global HI profiles, radial
HI surface density profiles, integrated HI column density maps, and HI velocity
fields. The relation between the corrected global HI linewidth and the
rotational velocities Vmax and Vflat as derived from the rotation curves is
investigated. Inclination angles obtained from the optical axis ratios are
compared to those derived from the inclined HI disks and the HI velocity
fields. The galaxies were not selected on the basis of their HI content but
solely on the basis of their cluster membership and inclination which should be
suitable for a kinematic analysis. The observed galaxies provide a
well-defined, volume limited and equidistant sample, useful to investigate in
detail the statistical properties of the Tully-Fisher relation and the dark
matter halos around them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128292 </DOCNO>
HV Virginis and WZ Sge-Type Dwarf Novae


  A dwarf nova HV Vir was observed photometrically for eight nights during the
outburst in 1992 April - May. The star showed two distinct types of periodic
variation: (1) 82.20-min (0.05708 d) double-humped variation with decaying
amplitudes during the early stage of the outburst, and (2) 83.80-min (0.05820
d) superhumps in later stages. We attributed the former to "early superhumps",
which are only seen in the earliest stage of WZ Sge-type outbursts. The
superhump period and evolution of the superhumps, together with general
characteristics of the light curve, make HV Vir a typical WZ Sge-type dwarf
nova. HV Vir also showed a large increase of the superhump period during the
superoutburst. Upon the recognition of the WZ Sge-type nature of an object
previously considered as a nova, we present a comprehensive list of candidates
for WZ Sge-type dwarf novae, and related systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168554 </DOCNO>
Real measurements and Quantum Zeno effect


  In 1977, Mishra and Sudarshan showed that an unstable particle would never be
found decayed while it was continuously observed. They called this effect the
quantum Zeno effect (or paradox). Later it was realized that the frequent
measurements could also accelerate the decay (quantum anti-Zeno effect). In
this paper we investigate the quantum Zeno effect using the definite model of
the measurement. We take into account the finite duration and the finite
accuracy of the measurement. A general equation for the jump probability during
the measurement is derived. We find that the measurements can cause inhibition
(quantum Zeno effect) or acceleration (quantum anti-Zeno effect) of the
evolution, depending on the strength of the interaction with the measuring
device and on the properties of the system. However, the evolution cannot be
fully stopped.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125222 </DOCNO>
The CMB power spectrum at l=30-200 from QMASK


  We measure the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum on angular
scales l~30-200 (1-6 degrees) from the QMASK map, which combines the data from
the QMAP and Saskatoon experiments. Since the accuracy of recent measurements
leftward of the first acoustic peak is limited by sample-variance, the large
area of the QMASK map (648 square degrees) allows us to place among the
sharpest constraints to date in this range, in good agreement with BOOMERanG
and (on the largest scales) COBE/DMR. By band-pass-filtering the QMAP and
Saskatoon maps, we are able to spatially compare them scale-by-scale to check
for beam- and pointing-related systematic errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126173 </DOCNO>
Search for gamma-rays above 10 TeV from Markarian 421 in a high state


  A preliminary result from Markarian 421 observations in the energy region
above 10 TeV with the CANGAROO-II 10 m telescope is presented. In January 2001,
the HEGRA group reported that Markarian 421 had become very active, with flux
levels up to 4 times that of the Crab Nebula. As a result, we observed Mkn 421
during six nights from January 24th to February 1st, and four nights from March
1st to 4th. Observations were carried out using the very large zenith angle
technique ($\sim$70 degree) and the energy threshold is estimated from Monte
Carlo simulations to be around 10 TeV. We have detected gamma-ray emission in
this energy range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4477 </DOCNO>
Pressure-induced phase transitions of halogen-bridged binuclear metal


  Recent contrasting observations for halogen (X)-bridged binuclear platinum
complexes R_4[Pt_2(P_2O_5H_2)_4X]nH_2O, that is, pressure-induced Peierls and
reverse Peierls instabilities, are explained by finite-temperature Hartree-Fock
calculations. It is demonstrated that increasing pressure transforms the
initial charge-polarization state into a charge-density-wave state at high
temperatures, whereas the charge-density-wave state oppositely declines with
increasing pressure at low temperatures. We further predict that
higher-pressure experiments should reveal successive phase transitions around
room temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128589 </DOCNO>
TEXES: A Sensitive High-Resolution Grating Spectrograph for the


  We discuss the design and performance of TEXES, the Texas Echelon Cross
Echelle Spectrograph. TEXES is a mid-infrared (5-25 um) spectrograph with
several operating modes: high-resolution, cross-dispersed with a resolving
power of R=100,000, 0.5% spectral coverage, and a ~1.5 by 8" slit;
medium-resolution long-slit with R~15,000, 0.5% coverage, and a ~1.5 by 45"
slit; low-resolution long-slit with (delta lambda)~0.004 um, 0.25 um coverage,
and a ~1.5 by 45" slit; and source acquisition imaging with 0.33" pixels and a
25 by 25" field of view on a 3m telescope. TEXES has been used at the McDonald
Observatory 2.7m and the IRTF 3m telescopes, and has proven to be both
sensitive and versatile.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168236 </DOCNO>
Optimal quantum estimation of the coupling between two bosonic modes


  We address the problem of the optimal quantum estimation of the coupling
parameter of a bilinear interaction, such as the transmittivity of a beam
splitter or the internal phase-shift of an interferometer. The optimal
measurement scheme exhibits Heisenberg scaling of the measurement precision
versus the total energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87122 </DOCNO>
Are the String and Einstein Frames Equivalent


  The low energy physics as predicted by strings can be expressed in two
(conformally related) different variables, usually called {\em frames}. The
problem is raised as to whether it is physically possible in some situations to
tell one from the other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99077 </DOCNO>
Two-parameter differential calculus on the h-superplane


  We introduce a noncommutative differential calculus on the two-parameter
$h$-superplane via a contraction of the (p,q)-superplane. We manifestly show
that the differential calculus is covariant under $GL_{h_1,h_2}(1| 1)$
transformations. We also give a two-parameter deformation of the
(1+1)-dimensional phase space algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1453 </DOCNO>
Conformal Invariance and Percolation


  These lectures give an introduction to the methods of conformal field theory
as applied to deriving certain results in two-dimensional critical percolation:
namely the probability that there exists at least one cluster connecting two
disjoint segments of the boundary of a simply connected region; and the mean
number of such clusters. No previous familiarity with conformal field theory is
assumed, but in the course of the argument many of its important concepts are
introduced in as simple a manner as possible. A brief account is also given of
some recent alternative approaches to deriving these kinds of result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149703 </DOCNO>
DLCQ of Fivebranes, Large N Screening, and L^2 Harmonic Forms on Calabi


  We find one explicit L^2 harmonic form for every Calabi manifold. Calabi
manifolds are known to arise in low energy dynamics of solitons in Yang-Mills
theories, and the L^2 harmonic form corresponds to the supersymmetric ground
state. As the normalizable ground state of a single U(N) instanton, it is
related to the bound state of a single D0 to multiple coincident D4's in the
non-commutative setting, or equivalently a unit Kaluza-Klein mode in DLCQ of
fivebrane worldvolume theory. As the ground state of nonabelian massless
monopoles realized around a monopole-``anti''-monopole pair, it shows how the
long range force between the pair is screened in a manner reminiscent of large
N behavior of quark-anti-quark potential found in AdS/CFT correspondence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41432 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of Gamma(D*+) and Precision Measurement of m_D*+ -


  We present the first measurement of the D*+ width using 9/fb of e+ e- data
collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the CLEO II.V detector. Our method
uses advanced tracking techniques and a reconstruction method that takes
advantage of the small vertical size of the CESR beam spot to measure the
energy release distribution from the D*+ -> D0 pi+ decay. We find Gamma(D*+) =
96 +- 4 (Statistical) +- 22 (Systematic) keV. We also measure the energy
release in the decay and compute Delta m = m(D*+) - m(D0) = 145.412 +- 0.002
(Statistical) +- 0.012 (Systematic) MeV/c^2

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129084 </DOCNO>
Substructure in the Coma Cluster: Giants vs Dwarfs


  The processes that form and shape galaxy clusters, such as infall, mergers
and dynamical relaxation, tend to generate distinguishable differences between
the distributions of a cluster's giant and dwarf galaxies. Thus the dynamics of
dwarf galaxies in a cluster can provide valuable insights into its dynamical
history. With this in mind, we look for differences between the spatial and
velocity distributions of giant (b<18) and dwarf (b>18) galaxies in the Coma
cluster. Our redshift sample contains new measurements from the 2dF and WYFFOS
spectrographs, making it more complete at faint magnitudes than any previously
studied sample of Coma galaxies. It includes 745 cluster members - 452 giants
and 293 dwarfs. We find that the line-of-sight velocity distribution of the
giants is significantly non-Gaussian, but not that for the dwarfs. A battery of
statistical tests of both the spatial and localised velocity distributions of
the galaxies in our sample finds no strong evidence for differences between the
giant and dwarf populations. These results rule out the cluster as a whole
having moved significantly towards equipartition, and they are consistent with
the cluster having formed via mergers between dynamically-relaxed subclusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150246 </DOCNO>
Projection operator approach to general constrained systems


  We propose a new BRST-like quantization procedure which is applicable to
dynamical systems containing both first and second class constraints. It
requires no explicit separation into first and second class constraints and
therefore no conversion of second class constraints is needed. The basic
ingredient is instead an invariant projection operator which projects out the
maximal subset of constraints in involution. The hope is that the method will
enable a covariant quantization of models for which there is no covariant
separation into first and second class constraints. An example of this type is
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96957 </DOCNO>
There are no unexpected tunnel number one knots of genus one


  The only knots that are tunnel number one and genus one are those that are
already known: 2-bridge knots obtained by plumbing together two unknotted
annuli and the satellite examples classified by Eudave-Munoz and by
Morimoto-Sakuma. This confirms a conjecture first made by Goda and Teragaito.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128896 </DOCNO>
X-ray sources in globular clusters


  The twelve bright (Lx>10(36) erg/s) X-ray sources in the globular clusters
have lower luminosities than the brightest sources in the bulge of our galaxy.
The dim (Lx<10(35) erg/s) X-ray sources in globular clusters reach higher
luminosities than the cataclysmic variables in the disk of our galaxy. The
first difference is a statistical fluke, as comparison with M31 indicates. The
second difference is explained because the brightest of the dim sources are not
cataclysmic variables, but soft X-ray transients in quiescence. This article
describes the BeppoSAX, ROSAT and first Chandra observations leading to these
conclusions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74318 </DOCNO>
Physics at Large Rapidities in $\gamma^*\gamma^* \to$ Hadrons at LEP2


  We compute the order-$\as$ corrections to the total cross section and to jet
rates in $\gamma^* \gamma^* \to$ hadrons for the process $\epem\to\epem
+$ hadrons. We use a NLO order general-purpose partonic Monte Carlo event
generator that allows the computation of a rate differential in the produced
leptons and hadrons. We compare our results with the experimental data for
$\epem\to\epem +$ hadrons at LEP2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96545 </DOCNO>
The correlation between multiplicities of closed geodesics on the


  An explicit product representation is proved for the correlation function of
the multiplicities of closed geodesics on the modular surface. This makes
rigorous part of the investigation of Bogomolny, Leyvraz and Schmit on the
correlation of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian on the modular surface. The
result can also be seen as a (rigorously proved) analogue of the
Hardy-Littlewood twin prime conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123454 </DOCNO>
Special relativistic spherically symmetric Lagrangean hydrodynamics from


  We re-derive hydrodynamical equations in General Relativity (GR) in the
comoving reference frame for spherical symmetry and obtain from them the
well-known but not explicitly derived Lagrangean equations in Special
Relativity (SR), that is, for the case of weak gravitational fields. Explicit
formulae are presented which relate General Relativistic independent variables,
Lagrangean mass coordinate and variables in the lab-frame. Conversion of one
set of variables into another requires knowing the solution to the set of
equations. These formulae allow one to translate the solution to the exact set
in General Relativity into the form in which Special Relativistic solutions are
usually obtained. This is applicable for comparison of SR-numerical simulations
of collapses, GRBs and Supernovae explosions with more precise GR-simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150142 </DOCNO>
Manifest calculation and the finiteness of the superstring Feynman


  The multi-loop amplitudes for the closed, oriented superstring are
represented by finite dimensional integrals of explicit functions calculated
through the super-Schottky group parameters and interaction vertex coordinates
on the supermanifold. The integration region is proposed to be consistent with
the group of the local symmetries of the amplitude and with the unitarity
equations. It is shown that, besides the SL(2) group, super-Schottky group and
modular one, the total group of the local symmetries includes an isomorphism
between sets of the forming group transformations, the period matrix to be the
same. The singular integration configurations are studied. The calculation of
the integrals over the above configurations is developed preserving all the
local symmetries of the amplitude, the amplitudes being free from divergences.
The nullification of the 0-, 1-, 2- and 3-point amplitudes of massless states
is verified. Vanishing the amplitudes for a longitudinal gauge boson is argued.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73857 </DOCNO>
Stable Black Strings in Anti-de Sitter Space


  In the five-dimensional Einstein gravity with negative cosmological constant
in the presence/absence of a {\it non-fine-tuned} 3-brane, we have investigated
the classical stability of black string solutions which are foliations of
four-dimensional $AdS/dS$-Schwarzschild black holes. Such black strings are
generically unstable as in the well-known Gregory-Laflamme instability. For
$AdS$ black strings, however, it turns out that they become stable if the
longitudinal size of horizon is larger than the order of the $AdS_4$ radius.
Even in the case of unstable black strings, the $AdS$ black strings have a very
different feature of string fragmentations from that in the flat brane world.
Some implications of our results on the Gubser-Mitra conjecture are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96375 </DOCNO>
Rigorous Malliavin Calculus versus Guerra's stochastic action principles


  Since brownian motion can't be defined on a differentiable manifold without
assigning on it a riemannian metric by which it depends, Guerra's and
coworkers' approach to the definition of the stochastic action in the framework
of Stochastic Mechanics is completelly inconsistent

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1547 </DOCNO>
Experimental observation of Frohlich superconductivity in high magnetic


  Resistivity and irreversible magnetisation data taken within the
high-magnetic-field CDWx phase of the quasi-two-dimensional organic metal
alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2KHg(SCN)4 are shown to be consistent with a field-induced
inhomogeneous superconducting phase. In-plane skin-depth measurements show that
the resistive transition on entering the CDWx phase is both isotropic and
representative of the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 737 </DOCNO>
Convolution of multifractals and the local magnetization in a random


  The local magnetization in the one-dimensional random-field Ising model is
essentially the sum of two effective fields with multifractal probability
measure. The probability measure of the local magnetization is thus the
convolution of two multifractals. In this paper we prove relations between the
multifractal properties of two measures and the multifractal properties of
their convolution. The pointwise dimension at the boundary of the support of
the convolution is the sum of the pointwise dimensions at the boundary of the
support of the convoluted measures and the generalized box dimensions of the
convolution are bounded from above by the sum of the generalized box dimensions
of the convoluted measures. The generalized box dimensions of the convolution
of Cantor sets with weights can be calculated analytically for certain
parameter ranges and illustrate effects we also encounter in the case of the
measure of the local magnetization. Returning to the study of this measure we
apply the general inequalities and present numerical approximations of the
D_q-spectrum. For the first time we are able to obtain results on multifractal
properties of a physical quantity in the one-dimensional random-field Ising
model which in principle could be measured experimentally. The numerically
generated probability densities for the local magnetization show impressively
the gradual transition from a monomodal to a bimodal distribution for growing
random field strength h.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148216 </DOCNO>
Quantum Mechanics on the Noncommutative Torus


  We analyze the algebra of observables of a charged particle on a
noncommutative torus in a constant magnetic field. We present a set of
generators of this algebra which coincide with the generators for a commutative
torus but at a different value of the magnetic field, and demonstrate the
existence of a critical value of the magnetic field for which the algebra
reduces. We then obtain the irreducible representations of the algebra and
relate them to noncommutative bundles. Finally we comment on Landau levels,
density of states and the critical case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148358 </DOCNO>
Critical Coupling in (1+1)-Dimensional Light-Front $\phi^{4}$ Theory. II


  Spontaneous symmetry breaking in (1+1)-dimensional $\phi^{4}$ theory is
studied with discretized light-front quantization. Taking effects of
non-diagonal interactions into account, the first few terms of the commutation
relations $[a_{0},a_{n}]$ are recalculated in the $\hbar$ expansion. Our result
of the critical coupling is still consistent with the equal-time result
$22\mu^{2}/\hbar \le \lambda_{\rm{cr}} \le 55.5\mu^{2}/\hbar$. We also have
examined effects of regarding the ratio of the bare coupling constant to a
renormalized mass as an independent parameter in the $\hbar$ expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114139 </DOCNO>
Sympathetic Cooling of Lithium by Laser-cooled Cesium


  We present first indications of sympathetic cooling between two neutral,
optically trapped atomic species. Lithium and cesium atoms are simultaneously
stored in an optical dipole trap formed by the focus of a CO$_2$ laser, and
allowed to interact for a given period of time. The temperature of the lithium
gas is found to decrease when in thermal contact with cold cesium. The
timescale of thermalization yields an estimate for the Li-Cs cross-section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73419 </DOCNO>
QCD string in light-light and heavy-light mesons


  The spectra of light-light and heavy-light mesons are calculated within the
framework of the QCD string model, which is derived from QCD in the Wilson loop
approach. Special attention is payed to the proper string dynamics that allows
us to reproduce the straight-line Regge trajectories with the inverse slope
being 2\pi\sigma for light-light and twice as small for heavy-light mesons. We
use the model of the rotating QCD string with quarks at the ends to calculate
the masses of several light-light mesons lying on the lowest Regge trajectories
and compare them with the experimental data as well as with the predictions of
other models. The masses of several low-lying orbitally and radially excited
heavy--light states in the D, D_s, B, and B_s meson spectra are calculated in
the einbein (auxiliary) field approach, which has proven to be rather accurate
in various calculations for relativistic systems. The results for the spectra
are compared with the experimental and recent lattice data. It is demonstrated
that an account of the proper string dynamics encoded in the so-called string
correction to the interquark interaction leads to an extra negative
contribution to the masses of orbitally excited states that resolves the
problem of the identification of the D(2637) state recently claimed by the
DELPHI Collaboration. For the heavy-light system we extract the constants
\bar\Lambda, \lambda_1, and \lambda_2 used in Heavy Quark Effective Theory
(HQET) and find good agreement with the results of other approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113801 </DOCNO>
The strong coupling constant


  In this paper we fix our attention, on hadron structure, and show that also
the strong interaction strength alpha_S, ordinarily called the ``(perturbative)
coupling--constant square}", can be evaluated within our theory, and found to
decrease (increase) as the "distance" r decreases (increases). This yields both
the confinement of the hadron constituents, and their asymptotic freedom: in
qualitative agreement with the experimental evidence. In other terms, our
approach leads us, on a purely theoretical ground, to a dependence of alpha_S
on r which had been previously found only on phenomenological and heuristic
grounds. We expect the above agreement to be also quantitative, on the basis of
a few checks performed in this work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4563 </DOCNO>
Out-of-plane dielectric constant and insulator-superconductor transition


  The out-of-plane dielectric constant of the parent insulator of the
high-temperature superconductor Bi_2Sr_2(Dy,Er)Cu_2O_8 was measured and
analysed from 80 to 300 K in the frequency range of 10^6-10^9 Hz. All the
samples were found to show a fairly large value of 10-60, implying some kind of
charge inhomogeneity in the CuO_2 plane. Considering that the superconducting
sample Bi_2Sr_2(Ca,Pr)Cu_2O_8 also shows a similar dielectric constant, the
charge inhomogeneity plays an important role in the insulator-superconductor
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125930 </DOCNO>
Test of primary model predictions by EAS size spectra


  High statistical accuracy of experiments KASCADE and ANI allowed to obtain
approximations of primary energy spectra and elemental composition in the
"knee" region. Obtained results point out to the correctness of QGSJET
interaction model and 2-component model of primary cosmic ray origin up to 100
PeV energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40862 </DOCNO>
Search for T-violation in K^+ --> pi^0 mu^+ nu and K^+ --> mu^+ nu gamma


  The recent progress in search for T-violating transverse muon polarization in
the decays K^+ --> pi^0 mu^+ nu and K^+ --> mu^+ nu gamma in the on-going
experiment E246 at KEK is reported. Future prospects in polarization
measurements are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2618 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate beyond mean-field theory


  We study the dynamics of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate in the vicinity
of a mean-field dynamical instability. Convergence to mean-field theory (MFT),
with increasing total number of particles $N$, is shown to be logarithmically
slow. Using a density matrix formalism rather than the conventional
wavefunction methods, we derive an improved set of equations of motion for the
mean-field plus the fluctuations, which goes beyond MFT and provides accurate
predictions for the leading quantum corrections and the quantum break time. We
show that the leading quantum corrections appear as decoherence of the reduced
single-particle quantum state; we also compare this phenomenon to the effects
of thermal noise. Using the rapid dephasing near an instability, we propose a
method for the direct measurement of scattering lengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2346 </DOCNO>
Specific heat and disorder in the mixed state of non-magnetic


  The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the specific heat cp(T,H) in
the superconducting mixed state as well as the upper critical field Hc2(T) have
been measured for polycrystalline Y_xLu_{1-x}Ni_2B_2C and Y(Ni_{1-y}Pt_y)_2B_2C
samples. The linear-in-T electronic specific heat contribution gamma(H)T
exhibits significant deviations from the usual linear-in-H law for all x and y
the transition metal site (T) resulting in a disorder dependent negative
curvature of gamma(H). The deviations from that linear behaviour of our
unsubstituted samples are the largest reported so far for any superconductor.
The H_c2(T) data point to the quasi-clean limit for (Y,Lu)-substitutions and to
a transition to the quasi-dirty limit for (Ni,Pt)-substitutions. The gamma(H)
dependence is discussed in the unitary d-wave as well as in the quasi-clean
s-wave limits. From a consideration of gamma(H) data only, d-wave pairing
cannot be ruled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123933 </DOCNO>
Evolution of photoionization and star formation in starbursts and HII


  We analyze the stellar and nebular energy distributions of starbursts using
our evolutionary synthesis model PEGASE coupled to the photoionization code
CLOUDY. The originality of this study is to relate the evolution and the
metallicity of the starburst to the past star formation history of the host
galaxy.We compare our model predictions to an observed sample of ~750
starbursts. the most striking feature from line ratio fitting is the decreasing
spread in ionization parameter U at high metallicity Z. The best fits of
emission line ratios are obtained with a combination of a high- and a
low-ionization components. No additional source of ionizing photons --shocks or
hidden AGN -- is needed. Colors and equivalent widths are fitted in coherency
with emission line ratios. An underlying population is needed, even for
small-aperture observations. This evolved population not only reddens the
continuum and dilutes the equivalent width of the emission lines, but also
participates in the ionization process. Its main effect on line ratios is to
maintain a high level of excitation when the burst stops. Models combining
underlying populations typical of Hubble sequence galaxies and instantaneous
starbursts with ages between 0 and 8 Myr agree satisfactorily with all the
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76849 </DOCNO>
Progresses in the validation of the FLUKA atmospheric neutrino flux


  The FLUKA calculation of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes have been
cross-checked by comparing predictions on lepton fluxes in atmosphere to
experimental data. The dependence of predicted neutrino fluxes on the shape and
normalization of primary spectrum is also investigated

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76737 </DOCNO>
Vector Manifestation and Fate of Vector Mesons in Dense Matter


  We describe in-medium properties of hadrons in dense matter near chiral
restoration using a Wilsonian matching to QCD of an effective field theory with
hidden local symmetry at the chiral cutoff $\Lambda$. We find that chiral
symmetry is restored in vector manifestation \`a la Harada and Yamawaki at a
critical matter density $n_c$. We express the critical density in terms of QCD
correlators in dense matter at the matching scale. In a manner completely
analogous to what happens at the critical $N_f^c$ and at the critical
temperature $T^c$, the vector meson mass is found to vanish (in the chiral
limit) at chiral restoration. This result provides a support for Brown-Rho
scaling predicted a decade ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3769 </DOCNO>
Behavioral-Independent Features of Complex Heartbeat Dynamics


  We test whether the complexity of cardiac interbeat interval time series is
simply a consequence of the wide range of scales characterizing human behavior,
especially physical activity, by analyzing data taken from healthy adult
subjects under three conditions with controls: (i) a ``constant routine''
protocol where physical activity and postural changes are kept to a minimum,
(ii) sympathetic blockade, and (iii) parasympathetic blockade. We find that
when fluctuations in physical activity and other behavioral modifiers are
minimized, a remarkable level of complexity of heartbeat dynamics remains,
while for neuroautonomic blockade the multifractal complexity decreases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76267 </DOCNO>
Summary and Outlook for 9th International Symposium on Heavy Flavor


  This is the summary talk of a meeting held at the California Institute of
Technology Sept 10-13, 2001. I do not attempt to summarize all the beautiful
experimental results we have seen this week, nor to repeat the lively
theoretical discussions that have occurred. Rather I will present my own biased
perspective on what we have learned, and on the important tasks that need our
attention as we work to make the most of the rapidly accumulating data in this
field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41257 </DOCNO>
Parity Violating Photoproduction of $\pi^\pm$ on the $\Delta$ Resonance


  We analyze the real photon asymmetry $A^\pm_\gamma$ for the parity violating
(PV) $\pi^\pm$ production on the $\Delta$ resonance via the reactions ${\vec
\gamma} + p \to \Delta^+ \to \pi^+ + n$ and ${\vec \gamma} + d \to \Delta^0 + p
\to \pi^- + p + p$. This asymmetry is nonvanishing due to a PV $\gamma N
\Delta$ coupling constant, $d^\pm_\Delta$. We argue that an experimental
determination of this coupling would be of interest for hadron dynamics,
possibly shedding light on the S-wave/P-wave puzzle in the hyperon nonleptonic
decays and the violation of Hara's theorem in weak radiative hyperon decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1011 </DOCNO>
Spin wave specific heat in quasiperiodic Fibonacci structures


  The energy spectra of a variety of collective modes on quasiperiodic
structures exhibit a complex fractal profile. Among the modes that have
attracted particular attention in this context, are the spin wave spectra of
quasiperiodic magnetic multilayers that obey a substitutional sequence of the
Fibonacci type. They are described within the framework of the Heisenberg
theory. In order to have a deep insight on the relevant thermodynamical
implications of the above mentioned energy spectra's fractal profile, we have
performed analytical and numerical calculations of the spin wave specific heat
associated with successive hierarchical sequences of the Fibonacci
quasiperiodic structures. The spectra show interesting oscillatory behavior in
the low-temperature region, which can be traced back to the spin wave's
self-similar energy spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179254 </DOCNO>
Coupled-channel study of gamma p --> K+ Lambda


  A coupled-channel (CC) approach has been developed to investigate kaon
photoproduction on the nucleon. In addition to direct K+ Lambda production, our
CC approach accounts for strangeness production including K+ Lambda final state
interactions with both pi0 p and pi+ n intermediate states. Calculations for
the gamma p --> K+ Lambda reaction have been performed, and compared with the
recent data from SAPHIR, with emphasis on the CC effects. We show that the CC
effects are significant at the level of inducing 20% changes on total cross
sections; thereby, demonstrating the need to include pi N channels to correctly
describe the gamma p --> K+ Lambda reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4211 </DOCNO>
Universal relations in the finite-size correction terms of


  Quite recently, Izmailian and Hu [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5160 (2001)] studied
the finite-size correction terms for the free energy per spin and the inverse
correlation length of the critical two-dimensional Ising model. They obtained
the universal amplitude ratio for the coefficients of two series. In this study
we give a simple derivation of this universal relation; we do not use an
explicit form of series expansion. Moreover, we show that the Izmailian and
Hu's relation is reduced to a simple and exact relation between the free energy
and the correlation length. This equation holds at any temperature and has the
same form as the finite-size scaling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96049 </DOCNO>
K-equivalence in Birational Geometry and Characterizations of Complex


  We show that for smooth complex projective varieties the most general
combinations of chern numbers that are invariant under the K-equivalence
relation consist of the complex elliptic genera. Combined with a recent result
of Totaro, we deduce that up to complex cobordism any K-equivalence can be
decomposed into a sequence of classical flops.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75740 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Ring Caustics in the Milky Way


  The late infall of cold dark matter onto our galaxy produces streams and
caustics in its halo. Sharp rises present in the rotation curve of the Milky
Way are interpreted as due to the presence of caustic rings of dark matter in
the galactic plane. Their locations are consistent at the 3% level with the
predictions of the self-similar infall model for the ring radii. Also, a
triangular feature in the IRAS map of the galactic plane is consistent with the
imprint of a ring caustic upon the baryonic matter. These observations imply
that the dark matter in our neighborhood is dominated by a single flow whose
density and velocity vector are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1133 </DOCNO>
Stability of Amorphous Structures with Voids


  We incorporate the role of free volume in the density function of the
amorphous structure and study its effects on the stability of such structures.
The Density Functional Theory is used to explore this ``Free Volume Model'' of
the supercooled structures. The Free energy minimization is carried out using
the void concentration as a variational parameter. A critical value of this
concentration exists corresponding to the Free energy minima of the amorphous
structure. An increase in the stability is observed due to the inclusion of
voids in the density structure. This study is conducted for both the weakly and
highly localized amorphous structures. The free volume concentration shows a
power law decrease with density for the weakly localized states and a linear
decrease for the highly localized amorphous structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124296 </DOCNO>
No Need for Dark Matter in Galaxies?


  Unhappily, there has been a maelstrom of problems for dark matter theories
over the last few years and many serious difficulties still have no resolution
in sight. This article reviews the evidence for dark matter in galaxies. The
haloes built up by hierarchical merging in dark matter cosmogonies are cusped
and dominated by dark matter at the center. Evidence from the microlensing
optical depth towards Baade's Window and from dynamical modelling of the
Galactic bar already suggests that the Galactic halo is not cusped. Similarly,
evidence from the stability of unbarred disk galaxies, as well as the survival
of fast bars in barred galaxies, suggests that the this result holds good more
generally. Judged on the data from galactic scales alone, the case for dark
matter is weak and non-standard theories of gravity provide a better
description. Of course, non-standard theories of gravity have their own
problems, but not on galactic scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 587 </DOCNO>
Topography and instability of monolayers near domain boundaries


  We theoretically study the topography of a biphasic surfactant monolayer in
the vicinity of domain boundaries. The differing elastic properties of the two
phases generally lead to a nonflat topography of ``mesas'', where domains of
one phase are elevated with respect to the other phase. The mesas are steep but
low, having heights of up to 10 nm. As the monolayer is laterally compressed,
the mesas develop overhangs and eventually become unstable at a surface tension
of about K(dc)^2 (dc being the difference in spontaneous curvature and K a
bending modulus). In addition, the boundary is found to undergo a
topography-induced rippling instability upon compression, if its line tension
is smaller than about K(dc). The effect of diffuse boundaries on these features
and the topographic behavior near a critical point are also examined. We
discuss the relevance of our findings to several experimental observations
related to surfactant monolayers: (i) small topographic features recently found
near domain boundaries; (ii) folding behavior observed in mixed phospholipid
monolayers and model lung surfactants; (iii) roughening of domain boundaries
seen under lateral compression; (iv) the absence of biphasic structures in
tensionless surfactant films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128432 </DOCNO>
Infrared Views of Galaxy Evolution: A Progress Report


  The two major functions in galaxy evolution that we would like to measure are
the stellar populations in galaxies, and their time-derivative, the star
formation rate. Especially at redshifts above 1, both of these measures are
benefiting greatly from wide-area infrared data. To date, most of these
infrared observations suggest that a significant fraction of the star formation
suffers substantial internal extinction from dust. Ground-based illustrations
include optical/infrared photometric redshift estimates of Balmer-break
galaxies, and near-infrared narrow-band imaging and spectroscopy of emission
lines redshifted from the optical rest frame. Space-based examples include
slitless spectroscopic surveys for H-alpha line emission, mid- and far-infrared
diffuse background measurements and deep number counts, and searches for
starlight from damped Lyman-alpha absorbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128349 </DOCNO>
Rapid optical spectroscopy of X-ray binaries with Keck II


  The large collecting area of 4+ metre class telescopes allows atronomers to
observe bright objects on faster timescales than previously possible. In order
to exploit this capability, we designed a novel read-out mode for use on the
10-m Keck-II telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. This took the form of a continuous
read-out mode, enabling us to obtain a target spectrum between 3500 and 8500
\AA, with a dispersion of ~2.5 \AA/pix, every *70 milliseconds*. I present
results from 5 nights of observations of Interacting Binaries, using this novel
data acquisition system in July 1998. During the run we obtained more than 1.2
million optical spectra, many of which were simultaneous with pointed RXTE
observations. This fast spectroscopic capability has allowed us to explore
regimes previously only accessible with broadband instruments. I will
concentrate on results from the coordinated Keck/RXTE observations, which have
revealed interesting correlated variability on timescales from seconds to days.
I will also show the results of a spectroscopic-timing analysis of QPOs in
Hercules X-1, which shows evidence for the decay of individual blobs of
material orbiting the neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73236 </DOCNO>
Jet Photoproduction at THERA


  We demonstrate that a future high-energy electron-proton collider like THERA
could largely extend the current HERA program in jet photoproduction of testing
QCD and determining the partonic structure of the proton and the photon.
Depending on the electron beam energy (250-500 GeV) and the collider mode ($ep$
or $\gamma p$), the range in the hard transverse energy scale of the jets could
be increased by a factor of 2-3 and the reach in the momentum fraction $x$ of
the partons in the proton or photon by at least one order of magnitude. It
would thus become possible to check the determinations of the gluon density in
the proton obtained in deep-inelastic scattering experiments, to measure the
gluon density in the photon down to low values of $x$, and to study the QCD
dynamics in multi-jet events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7312 </DOCNO>
Boosting search by rare events


  Randomized search algorithms for hard combinatorial problems exhibit a large
variability of performances. We study the different types of rare events which
occur in such out-of-equilibrium stochastic processes and we show how they
cooperate in determining the final distribution of running times. As a
byproduct of our analysis we show how search algorithms are optimized by random
restarts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128571 </DOCNO>
Analytic Approach to the Cloud-in-cloud Problem for Non-Gaussian Density


  We revisit the cloud-in-cloud problem for non-Gaussian density fluctuations.
We show that the extended Press-Schechter (EPS) formalism for non-Gaussian
fluctuations has a flaw in describing mass functions regardless of type of
filtering. As an example, we consider non-Gaussian models in which density
fluctuations at a point obeys a \chi^2 distribution with \nu degrees of
freedom. We find that mass functions predicted by using an integral formula
proposed by Jedamzik, and Yano, Nagashima and Gouda, properly taking into
account correlation between objects at different scales, deviate from those
predicted by using the EPS formalism, especially for strongly non-Gaussian
fluctuations. Our results for the mass function at large mass scales are
consistent with those by Avelino and Viana obtained from numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128057 </DOCNO>
An Efficient Strategy to Select Targets for Gas-Dynamical Measurements


  Gas-dynamical studies using the Hubble Space Telescope are an integral
component for future progress in the search for massive black holes in galactic
nuclei. Here we present an extensive set of gas rotation curves obtained with
the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph for the central regions of 23 disk
galaxies. We find that the bulges of randomly selected, nearby spiral and S0
galaxies generally do not contain well-defined gaseous disks. Only 15%-20% of
disk galaxies have regular, symmetric velocity fields useful for dynamical
analysis. Through comparison of the kinematics with Hubble Space Telescope
images of the nuclear regions, we show that the probability of success can be
significantly boosted by preselecting objects whose central dust lanes follow a
well-ordered, circularly symmetric pattern. The dust morphology can be
ascertained efficiently by visual inspection of unsharp-masked images.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4088 </DOCNO>
Spin-relaxation and magnetoresistance in FM/SC/FM tunnel junctions


  The effect of spin relaxation on tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in a
ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet (FM/SC/FM) double tunnel junction is
theoretically studied. The spin accumulation in SC is determined by balancing
of the spin-injection rate and the spin-relaxation rate. In the superconducting
state, the spin-relaxation time becomes longer with decreasing temperature,
resulting in a rapid increase of TMR. The TMR of FM/SC/FM junctions provides a
useful probe to extract information about spin-relaxation in superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128801 </DOCNO>
Frequency Analysis of Delta Scuti and RR Lyrae Stars in OGLE-1 Database


  We discuss the results of a systematic search for multiperiodic pulsations in
Galactic Bulge Delta Scuti and RR Lyrae stars. Six "normal" double-mode
variables pulsating in two radial modes have been identified (5 Delta
Scuti-type and 1 RR Lyrae-type). In 37 RR Lyrae stars secondary periodicities
very close to the primary pulsation frequency have been detected. These
periodicities correspond to nonradial modes of oscillation. They are found in
\~23% of RRab and in ~3% of RRc variables of our sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4096 </DOCNO>
Vortex structure of thin mesoscopic disks in the presence of an


  The vortex states in a thin mesoscopic disk are investigated within the
phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory in the presence of different ''model''
magnetic field profiles with zero average field which may result from a
ferromagnetic disk or circulating currents in a loop near the superconductor.
We calculated the dependences of both the ground and metastable states on the
magnitude and shape of the magnetic field profile for different values of the
order parameter angular moment, i.e. the vorticity. The regions of existence of
the multi-vortex state and the giant vortex state are found. We analysed the
phase transitions between these states and studied the contribution from
ring-shaped vortices. A new transition between different multi-vortex
configurations as the ground state is found. Furthermore, we found a vortex
state consisting of a central giant vortex surrounded by a collection of
anti-vortices which are located in a ring around this giant vortex. The limit
to a disk with an infinite radius, i.e. a film, will also be discussed. We also
extended our results to ''real'' magnetic field profiles and to the case in
which an external homogeneous magnetic field is present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113538 </DOCNO>
2s Hyperfine Structure in Hydrogen Atom and Helium-3 Ion


  The usefulness of study of hyperfine splitting in the hydrogen atom is
limited on a level of 10 ppm by our knowledge of the proton structure. One way
to go beyond 10 ppm is to study a specific difference of the hyperfine
structure intervals 8 Delta nu_2 - Delta nu_1. Nuclear effects for are not
important this difference and it is of use to study higher-order QED
corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124147 </DOCNO>
A new population of soft X-ray weak quasars


  Quasars selected in optical surveys by means of their blue or UV excess are
known to be strong emitters in the X-rays, except for Broad Absorption Line
(BAL) objects. In this paper we study the X-ray emission of quasars selected
through their emission line spectrum rather than their blue excess. X-ray data
are obtained by cross-correlating two optical samples (the Hamburg Survey
Catalogue and the Palomar Transit Catalogue) with the WGA catalogue of ROSAT
observations. We find that a significant fraction of objects are strongly
underluminous in the X-rays. We discuss the physical nature of these sources
and we propose an interpretation for their optical and X-ray properties based
on a dust-poor and gas-rich absorber. Our results suggest the existence of a
population of AGNs having a type 1 optical spectrum and a type 2 X-ray emission

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81127 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Constants using Quark States in Fixed Gauge


  We present a status report on our calculation of the renormalization
constants for the quark bilinears in quenched (O(a)) improved Wilson theory at
(beta=6.4) using quark states in Landau gauge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86478 </DOCNO>
Nuclearity, Local Quasiequivalence and Split Property for Dirac Quantum


  We show that a free Dirac quantum field on a globally hyperbolic spacetime
has the following structural properties: (a) any two quasifree Hadamard states
are locally quasiequivalent, that is, every quasifree Hadamard state arises
locally as a density matrix state in the representation of any other quasifree
Hadamard state; (b) the so-called split property holds in the representation of
any quasifree Hadamard state; (c) if the underlying spacetime is static, then
the so-called nuclearity condition is satisfied, that is, the free energy
associated with a finitely extended subsystem (``box'') has a linear dependence
on the volume of the box and behaves like $\propto T^{s+1}$ for large
temperatures $T$, where $s+1$ is the number of dimensions of the spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128762 </DOCNO>
The formation of Uranus and Neptune among Jupiter and Saturn


  The outer giant planets, Uranus and Neptune, pose a challenge to theories of
planet formation. They exist in a region of the Solar System where long
dynamical timescales and a low primordial density of material would have
conspired to make the formation of such large bodies ($\sim$ 15 and 17 times as
massive as the Earth, respectively) very difficult. Previously, we proposed a
model which addresses this problem: Instead of forming in the trans-Saturnian
region, Uranus and Neptune underwent most of their growth among proto-Jupiter
and -Saturn, were scattered outward when Jupiter acquired its massive gas
envelope, and subsequently evolved toward their present orbits. We present the
results of additional numerical simulations, which further demonstrate that the
model readily produces analogues to our Solar System for a wide range of
initial conditions. We also find that this mechanism may partly account for the
high orbital inclinations observed in the Kuiper belt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81458 </DOCNO>
Overlap and domain wall fermions: what is the price of chirality?


  In this contribution the costs of simulations employing domain wall and
overlap fermions are estimated. In the discussion we will stay within the
quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86567 </DOCNO>
A Topos Perspective on the Kochen-Specker Theorem: IV. Interval


  We extend the topos-theoretic treatment given in previous papers of assigning
values to quantities in quantum theory. In those papers, the main idea was to
assign a sieve as a partial and contextual truth value to a proposition that
the value of a quantity lies in a certain set $\Delta \subseteq \mathR$. Here
we relate such sieve-valued valuations to valuations that assign to quantities
subsets, rather than single elements, of their spectra (we call these
`interval' valuations). There are two main results. First, there is a natural
correspondence between these two kinds of valuation, which uses the notion of a
state's support for a quantity (Section 3). Second, if one starts with a more
general notion of interval valuation, one sees that our interval valuations
based on the notion of support (and correspondingly, our sieve-valued
valuations) are a simple way to secure certain natural properties of
valuations, such as monotonicity (Section 4).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124540 </DOCNO>
A new approach to the problem of modes in the Mestel disk


  We examine the modes admitted by the Mestel disk, a disk with a globally flat
rotation curve. In contrast to previous analyses of this problem by Zang
(\cite{1976PhDT........26Z}) and Evans & Read (\cite{1998MNRAS.300...83E},
\cite{1998MNRAS.300..106E}), we approximate the orbits to obtain almost closed
expressions for the kernel of the integral equation governing the behaviour of
the modes. Otherwise we, like them, follow Kalnajs' programme to simultaneously
solve the Boltzmann and Poisson equations.
  We investigate the modes admitted by both the self-consistent and a cut-out
Mestel disk, the difference being that in the latter, a part of the matter in
the disk is immobilised. This breaks the self-similarity and produces a
pronouncedly different picture, both technically and in terms of the disk
properties. The self-consistent disk is governed by a Cauchy integral equation,
the cut-out disk by an integral equation that can be treated as a Fredholm
equation of the second kind.
  In general, our approximation reproduces the results of the previous works
remarkably well, yielding quantities mostly within 5% of the values reported by
Zang and Evans & Read and thus also the basic result that in a ``standard''
cut-out disk, only one-armed modes are unstable at the limit of axisymmetric
stability. In the self-consistent disk, relatively compact expressions for the
kernel allow an intuitive understanding of most of the properties of neutral
(non-rotating, non-growing) modes there. We finally show that self-consistent
Mestel disks do not admit growing or rotating modes in this sort of
stellar-dynamical analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148708 </DOCNO>
On Higher Derivative Terms in Tachyon Effective Actions


  We reconstruct the tachyon effective action for unstable D-branes in
superstring theory by examining its behaviour near exactly marginal
deformations, where the ambigous higher derivative terms can be eliminated. We
then compare this action with that obtained in boundary string field theory and
find remarkable agreement. In particular, the tension for lower dimensional
branes and the BI-action for the centre of mass motion are reprodued exactly.
We also comment on the action for tachyons on the kink in a
D-brane/anti-D-brane system and on bosonic string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128868 </DOCNO>
G343.1-2.3 and PSR 1706-44


  The association of G343.1-2.3 and PSR 1706-44 has been controversial from its
first proposal. In this paper we present new evidence from images made by with
the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), MRT and Mt. Pleasant. To cover
the full extent of G343.1-2.3 with ATCA mosaicing was required, and we present
the polarisation images from this experiment. The ATCA observations confirms
the much larger extent of the SNR, which now encompasses the pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86588 </DOCNO>
Automorphism Inducing Diffeomorphisms, Invariant Characterization of


  An invariant description of Bianchi Homogeneous (B.H.) 3-spaces is presented,
by considering the action of the Automorphism Group on the configuration space
of the real, symmetric, positive definite, $3\times 3$ matrices. Thus, the
gauge degrees of freedom are removed and the remaining (gauge invariant)
degrees, are the --up to 3-- curvature invariants. An apparent discrepancy
between this Kinematics and the Quantum Hamiltonian Dynamics of the lower Class
A Bianchi Types, occurs due to the existence of the Outer Automorphism
Subgroup. This discrepancy is satisfactorily removed by exploiting the quantum
version of some classical integrals of motion (conditional symmetries) which
are recognized as corresponding to the Outer Automorphisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129069 </DOCNO>
Pulsar "Drifting"-Subpulse Polarization: No Evidence for Systematic


  Polarization-angle density displays are given for pulsars B0809+74 and
B2303+30, which exhibit no evidence of the systematic polarization-angle
rotation within individual subpulses previously reported for these two stars.
The ``drifting'' subpulses of both pulsars exhibit strikingly linear and
circular polarization which appears to reflect the characteristics of two
nearly orthogonally polarized emission ``modes''--along which the severe
average-profile depolarization that is characteristic of their admixture at
comparable overall intensities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125894 </DOCNO>
Signal of Quark Deconfinement in Millisecond Pulsars and Reconfinement


  Theoretically, the phase transition between the confined and deconfined
phases of quarks can have a remarkable effect on the spin properties of
millisecond pulsars and on the spin distribution of the population of x-ray
neutron stars in low-mass binaries. In the latter class of stars, the effect
has already been observed---a strong clustering in the population in a narrow
band of spins. The observed clustering cannot presently be uniquely assigned to
the phase transition as cause. However, there is another possible signal---not
so far observed---in millisecond pulsars that we also discuss. It would have
the same origin, and its discovery would tend to confirm the interpretation in
terms of a phase transition in the stellar core and that the high density phase
exists in the higer mass canonical neutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85751 </DOCNO>
Trans-Planckian dispersion and scale-invariance of inflationary


  We investigate the insensitivity of the predictions of inflationary models
with respect to modifications of Planck energy physics. The modification we
consider consists in replacing the usual dispersion relation by nonlinear ones.
This way of addressing the problem has recently recieved attention and
contradictory results were found. Our main result is to show that the
adiabaticity of the mode propagation and the separation of two scales of
interest, the Planck scale and the cosmological horizon scale, are sufficient
conditions for the predictions to be unchanged. We then show that almost all
models satisfy the first condition if the second is met. Therefore the
introduction of a nonlinear dispersion is unlikely to have any discernable
effects on the power spectrum of cosmological perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81371 </DOCNO>
Theta term instead of the Higgs field in Electroweak theory


  We consider the electroweak theory without fundamental scalar field. The
topological excitation of the SU(2)*U(1) theory (the monopole) plays the role
of the Higgs field, it carries the SU(2)*U(1) topological charge due to the
theta--term of the special type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126373 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX observations of Mrk 841 and Mrk335


  We present and discuss BeppoSAX observations of Mrk841 and Mrk335, two
Seyfert 1 galaxies in which previous observations have established the presence
of soft excesses. We confirm the soft excess in both sources, even if for
Mrk~841 a warm absorber provides a fit almost as good as the one with a true
excess. As far as the hard X-ray continuum is concerned, a Comptonization model
provides a fit as good as a power law and a physically sound solution for
Mrk841. For Mrk335, the Comptonization model gives a result which is somewhat
better on statistical ground, but rather problematic on physical ground. The
most interesting results regard the reprocessing components. For Mrk841 we find
a very large reflection continuum but an almost normal iron line equivalent
width even if, within the errors, a solution in which both components are a
factor ~2 larger than expected for an accretion disc is still marginally
acceptable. If this is the case, an anisotropy of the primary emission seems
the best explanation. On the contrary, in Mrk335 we find a very large iron line
EW but a reflection component not accordingly large. In this case, the best
solution seems to be in terms of reflection from an ionized disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95397 </DOCNO>
Necessary and sufficient conditions for differentiating under the


  We give necessary and sufficient conditions for differentiating under the
integral sign an integral that depends on a parameter. The conditions require
the equality of two iterated integrals and depend on being able to integrate
every derivative. The Henstock integral is thus used in an essential way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179351 </DOCNO>
Fragile Signs of Criticality in the Nuclear Multifragmentation


  Deviations from an idealized equilibrium phase transition picture in nuclear
multifragmentation is studied in terms of the entropic index. We investigate
different heat-capacity features in the canonical quantum statistical model of
nuclear multifragmentation generalized in the framework of Tsallis nonextensive
thermostatistics. We find that the negative branch of heat capacity observed in
quasi-peripheral Au+Au collisions is caused primarily by the non-generic
nonextensivity effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114495 </DOCNO>
Management of a Large Distributed Control System Development Project


  Building an accelerator at six geographically dispersed sites is quite mad,
but politically expedient. The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), currently under
construction in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, combines a pulsed 1 Gev H-
superconducting linac with a compressor ring to deliver 2MW of beam power to a
liquid mercury target for neutron production [1]. Accelerator components,
target and experimental (neutron-scattering) instruments are being developed
collaboratively by Lawrence Berkeley (Ion Source and Front End), Los Alamos
(Linac), Thomas Jefferson (Cryosystems), Brookhaven (Compressor Ring), Oak
Ridge (Target and Conventional Facilities) and Argonne (Neutron Scattering
Instruments) National Laboratories. Similarly, a team distributed among all of
the participating laboratories is developing the EPICS-based control system.
This paper discusses the management model and strategies being used to address
the unusual issues of organization, communication, standardization, integration
and hand-off inherent in this widely-distributed project.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76831 </DOCNO>
Maximum Non-Perturbative Strong Interaction Hypothesis and the


  In this paper we first emphasize the importance of the Pomeron (IP) for its
asymptotically saturation the unitarity condition alone. After proper modified
the field theory model for IP developed by Landshoff and Nochtmann, we argue
that the exchange of IP in high energy $h-h'$ scattering embodies the
hypothesis of the maximum non-perturbative strong interaction reaction (MNSIR)
in which a constituent quark converts into a current quark and emits a color
octet non-perturbative gluer. We think the IP is composed from the conjugated
pair of such gluer. In the circle of non-perturbative fundamental entities in
QCD, we argue that there should exist a new member -- the constituent gluon, it
should be emerged in high energy $h-h'$ strong-soft processes, and the
glueballs are produced via two constituent gluons fusion. Finally, we
conjecture there may be an averaged dual relation between the glueballs and the
Pomeron, but this correspondence may become as multi-to-one homologue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148449 </DOCNO>
Fake R^4's, Einstein Spaces and Seiberg-Witten Monopole Equations


  We discuss the possible relevance of some recent mathematical results and
techniques on four-manifolds to physics. We first suggest that the existence of
uncountably many R^4's with non-equivalent smooth structures, a mathematical
phenomenon unique to four dimensions, may be responsible for the observed
four-dimensionality of spacetime. We then point out the remarkable fact that
self-dual gauge fields and Weyl spinors can live on a manifold of Euclidean
signature without affecting the metric. As a specific example, we consider
solutions of the Seiberg-Witten Monopole Equations in which the U(1) fields are
covariantly constant, the monopole Weyl spinor has only a single constant
component, and the 4-manifold M_4 is a product of two Riemann surfaces
Sigma_{p_1} and Sigma_{p_2}. There are p_{1}-1(p_{2}-1) magnetic(electric)
vortices on \Sigma_{p_1}(\Sigma_{p_2}), with p_1 + p_2 \geq 2 (p_1=p_2= 1 being
excluded). When the two genuses are equal, the electromagnetic fields are
self-dual and one obtains the Einstein space \Sigma_p x \Sigma_p, the monopole
condensate serving as the cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149107 </DOCNO>
Seiberg-Witten maps from the point of view of consistent deformations of


  Noncommutative versions of theories with a gauge freedom define (when they
exist) consistent deformations of their commutative counterparts. General
aspects of Seiberg-Witten maps are discussed from this point of view. In
particular, the existence of the Seiberg-Witten maps for various noncommutative
theories is related to known cohomological theorems on the rigidity of the
gauge symmetries of the commutative versions. In technical terms, the
Seiberg-Witten maps define canonical transformations in the antibracket that
make the solutions of the master equation for the commutative and
noncommutative versions coincide in their antifield-dependent terms. As an
illustration, the on-shell reducible noncommutative Freedman-Townsend theory is
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96555 </DOCNO>
Chain level Floer theory and Hofer's geometry of the Hamiltonian


  In this paper we illustrate usage of chain level Floer theory in the study of
Hofer's geometry of Hamiltonian diffeomorphism group. Among several examples,
we give a new proof of Lalonde-McDuff's theorem that the path of any
quasi-autonomous Hamiltonian is locally length minimizing in its homotopy class
with fixed ends on any compact symplectic manifold $(M,\omega)$. Besides usage
of chain level Floer theory, our proof is also based on an analytic result of
the type previously studied by Fukaya and the author in [FOh1] on degeneration
of the Floer moduli space in the semi-classical limit (or in the adic limit).
This latter analytic result will appear elsewhere. Next we study the global
cases without quantum contributions: we prove that any quasi-Hamiltonian path
on weakly exact symplectic manifolds or any autonomous Hamiltonian path on
arbitrary symplectic manifolds is length minimizing in its homotopy class with
fixed ends, as long as it has a fixed maximum and a fixed minimum which are not
over-twisted and it has no non-constant contractible periodic point of period
less than one. Finally using a weaker version of Non-pushing down lemma that we
use in the above proofs, we give a construction of new invariant norm of
Viterbo's type on the Hamiltonian diffeomorphism group of arbitrary compact
symplectic manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72643 </DOCNO>
Transverse Spin Asymmetries in Drell-Yan Processes: $\mathbf


  We consider two different spin asymmetries in Drell-Yan processes generated
by the collisions of an unpolarized proton beam on transversely polarized
protons: the muon helicity asymmetry and the left-right asymmetry. We calculate
the asymmetries in the framework of the QCD improved parton model, taking into
account the parton transverse momentum and considering the first order QCD
corrections. The muon helicity asymmetry is sensitive to the quark transversity
distribution and is nonvanishing even at zero order. On the contrary the
left-right asymmetry vanishes at zero order but not at first order in the QCD
coupling constant, as a result of gluon contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41757 </DOCNO>
Development of crystal extraction studies at the IHEP accelerator


  The crystal extraction of 10^7 proton/s on BEC experiment facility is
described. Detailed computer analysis is made to explain the basic experimental
results. Future high-intensity efficient extraction using a short crystal is
announced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83974 </DOCNO>
Selected Topics in Asynchronous Automata


  The paper is concerned with defining the electrical signals and their models.
The delays are discussed, the asynchronous automata - which are the models of
the asynchronous circuits - and the examples of the clock generator and of the
R-S latch are given. We write the equations of the asynchronous automata, which
combine the pure delay model and the inertial delay model; the simple gate
model and the complex gate model; the fixed, bounded and unbounded delay model.
We give the solutions of these equations, which are written on R->{0,1}
functions, where R is the time set. The connection between the real time and
the discrete time is discussed. The stability, the fundamental mode of
operation, the combinational automata, the semi-modularity are defined and
characterized. Some connections are suggested with the linear time and the
branching time temporal logic of the propositions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6932 </DOCNO>
Rabi oscillations and macroscopic quantum superposition states


  A two-level atom interacting with a single radiation mode is considered,
without the rotating-wave approximation, in the strong coupling regime. It is
shown that, in agreement with the recent results on Rabi oscillations in a
Josephson junction (Y. Nakamura, Yu. A. Pashkin and J. S. Tsai, Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 87}, 246601 (2001)), the Rabi frequency is indeed proportional to
first kind integer order Bessel functions in the limit of a large number of
photons and the dressed states are macroscopic quantum superposition states. To
approach this problem analytically use is made of the dual Dyson series and the
rotating-wave approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76910 </DOCNO>
Effects of random matter density fluctuations on the neutrino


  In this paper, we investigate the effects of random fluctuations of the Earth
matter density for long baselines on the neutrino oscillation transition
probabilities. We especially identify relevant parameters characterizing the
matter density noise and calculate their effects by averaging over statistical
ensembles of a large number of matter density profiles. For energies and
baselines appropriate to neutrino factories, absolute errors on the relevant
appearance probabilities are at the level of $|\Delta P_{\alpha \beta}| \sim
10^{-4}$ (with perhaps $|\Delta P_{\mu e}|/P_{\mu e} \sim 1%$ for neutrinos),
whereby a modest improvement in understanding of the geophysical data should
render such effects unimportant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126782 </DOCNO>
On the application of differences in intrinsic fluctuations of Cherenkov


  The sensitivity of ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov gamma-ray
observatories depends critically on the primary particle identification methods
which are used to retain photon-initiated events and suppress the spurious
background produced by cosmic rays. We suggest a new discrimination technique
which utilizes differences in the fluctuations of the light intensity in the
images of showers initiated by photons and those initiated by protons or
heavier nuclei. The database of simulated events for the proposed VERITAS
observatory has been used to evaluate the efficiency of the new technique.
Analysis has been performed for both a single VERITAS imaging telescope, and a
system of these telescopes. We demonstrate that a discrimination efficiency of
> 1.5 - 2.0 can be achieved in addition to traditional background rejection
methods based on image shape parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41758 </DOCNO>
Determination of the strong coupling constant using subjet


  The internal structure of the jets produced in neutral current interactions
for Q^2>125 GeV^2 has been studied using the subjet multiplicity with the ZEUS
detector at HERA. Jets are identified in the laboratory frame by applying the
longitudinally invariant k_T-cluster algorithm. Next-to-leading order QCD
calculations have been obtained and compared to the data; a good agreement has
been observed in the region where hadron-to-parton corrections are small,
E_{T,jet}> 25 GeV. In this region, the strong coupling constant is extracted
and the resulting value is alpha_s (M_Z)=0.1185 +/- 0.0016 (stat.)
^{+0.0067}_{-0.0048} (syst.) ^{+0.0089}_{-0.0071} (th.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72426 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Many-Body Hamiltonian Approach to Mesons


  We represent QCD at the hadronic scale by means of an effective Hamiltonian,
$H$, formulated in the Coulomb gauge. As in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model,
chiral symmetry is explicity broken, however our approach is renormalizable and
also includes confinement through a linear potential with slope specified by
lattice gauge theory. This interaction generates an infrared integrable
singularity and we detail the computationally intensive procedure necessary for
numerical solution. We focus upon applications for the $u, d, s$ and $c$ quark
flavors and compute the mass spectrum for the pseudoscalar, scalar and vector
mesons. We also perform a comparative study of alternative many-body techniques
for approximately diagonalizing $H$: BCS for the vacuum ground state; TDA and
RPA for the excited hadron states. The Dirac structure of the field theoretical
Hamiltonian naturally generates spin-dependent interactions, including tensor,
spin-orbit and hyperfine, and we clarify the degree of level splitting due to
both spin and chiral symmetry effects. Significantly, we find that roughly
two-thirds of the $\pi$-$\rho$ mass difference is due to chiral symmetry and
that only the RPA preserves chiral symmetry. We also document how hadronic mass
scales are generated by chiral symmetry breaking in the model vacuum. In
addition to the vacuum condensates, we compute meson decay constants and detail
the Nambu-Goldstone realization of chiral symmetry by numerically verifying the
Gell-Mann-Oaks-Renner relation. Finally, by including D waves in our charmonium
calculation we have resolved the anomalous overpopulation of $J/\Psi$ states
relative to observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74855 </DOCNO>
Tachyonic Preheating


  I review the theory of preheating after inflation, focusing on the recently
found tachyonic preheating in the theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking.
This occurs due to the tachyonic instability of the scalar field near the top
of its effective potential. Contrary to the common expectation, tachyonic
instability converts most of the energy into that of colliding classical waves
very rapidly, within a single oscillation. Efficient tachyonic preheating is
typical for the hybrid inflationary scenario, including SUSY motivated and
brane inflation models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125416 </DOCNO>
Spectral classification of stars using synthetic model atmospheres


  We devised a straightforward procedure to derive the atmosphere fundamental
parameters of stars across the different MK spectral types by comparing
mid-resolution spectroscopic observations with theoretical grids of synthetic
spectra.The results of a preliminary experiment, by matching the Gunn and
Stryker and Jacoby et al. spectrophotometric atlases with the Kurucz models,
are briefly discussed. For stars in the A-K spectral range, effective
temperature is obtained within a 1-2% relative uncertainty (at 2 sigma
confidence level). This value raises to 4-5% for the hottest stars in the
samples (O-B spectral types). A poorer fit is obtained throughout for stars
cooler than 4000 K mainly due to the limiting input physics in the Kurucz
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128173 </DOCNO>
Magnetized Turbulent Dynamo in Protogalaxies


  The prevailing theory for the origin of cosmic magnetic fields is that they
have been amplified to their present values by the turbulent dynamo inductive
action in the protogalactic and galactic medium. Up to now, in calculation of
the turbulent dynamo, it has been customary to assume that there is no the back
reaction of the magnetic field on the turbulence, as long as the magnetic
energy is less than the turbulent kinetic energy. This assumption leads to the
kinematic dynamo theory. However, the applicability of the kinematic dynamo
theory to protogalaxies is rather limited. The reason is that in protogalaxies
the temperature is very high, and the viscosity is dominated by ions. As the
magnetic field strength grows in time, the ion cyclotron time becomes shorter
than the ion collision time, and the plasma becomes strongly magnetized. As a
result, the ion viscosity becomes the Braginskii viscosity. Thus, in
protogalaxies the back reaction sets in much earlier, at field strengths much
lower than the energy equipartition field strengths, and the turbulent dynamo
becomes what we call the magnetized turbulent dynamo. The purpose of this
thesis is to lay the theoretical groundwork for the magnetized turbulent
dynamo. In particular, we predict that the magnetic energy growth rate in the
magnetized dynamo theory is up to ten time larger than that in the kinematic
dynamo theory. We also briefly discuss how the Braginskii viscosity can aid the
development of the inverse cascade of magnetic energy after the energy
equipartition time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148109 </DOCNO>
The Higgs Mechanism in Non-commutative Gauge Theories


  This paper investigates the non-commutative version of the Abelian Higgs
model at the one loop level. We find that the BRST invariance of the theory is
maintained at this order in perturbation theory, rendering the theory one-loop
renormalizable. Upon removing the gauge field from the theory we also obtain a
consistent continuum renormalization of the broken O(2) linear sigma model,
contradicting results found in the literature. The beta functions for the
various couplings of the gauged U(1) theory are presented, as are the divergent
contributions to every one particle irreducible (1PI) function. We find that
all physical couplings and masses are gauge independent. A brief discussion
concerning the symmetries $P$, $C$, and $T$ in this theory is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76277 </DOCNO>
Kinematical Lepton Transmutation in $e^+ e^-$ Collision and Vector Boson


  The change in orientation in generation space (rotation) of the fermion mass
matrix with changing scales can lead to flavour-violations through just the
kinematics of a non-diagonal mass matrix. Such effects for the reactions: $e^+
e^- \longrightarrow e^\pm \mu^\mp, e^\pm \tau^\mp, \mu^\pm \tau^\mp$, and for
the decays of vector bosons into the same channels, are calculated following a
method suggested earlier which gives the differential cross section for each
reaction and the branching ratio for each decay mode in terms of an overall
normalization depending only on the speed at which the mass matrix rotates. A
rotation speed estimated earlier, under certain assumptions from the fermion
mixing angles and mass ratios, is found to give the above effects at a level
readily detectable in modern high sensitivity experiments such as Bepc, Cleo,
BaBar and Belle, at least in principle. The observation of these effects would
not only confirm the concept of a rotating mass matrix with a significance on
par with the running coupling constant, but also offer some valuable insight
into the origin of fermion generations. However, a negative result cannot
unfortunately rule out the rotating mass matrix since the effects deduced here
from this mechanism alone could in principle be cancelled by other rotation
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 214 </DOCNO>
A two-species d-dimensional diffusive model and its mapping onto a


  In this work, we consider a diffusive two-species d-dimensional model and
study it in great details. Two types of particles, with hard-core, diffuse
symmetrically and cross each other. For arbitrary dimensions, we obtain the
exact density, the instantaneous, as well as non-instantaneous, two-point
correlation functions for various initial conditions.
  We study the impact of correlations in the initial state on the dynamics.
  Finally, we map the one-dimensional version of the model under consideration
onto a growth model of RSOS type with three states and solve its dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1849 </DOCNO>
Software Corrections of Vocal Disorders


  We discuss how vocal disorders can be post-corrected via a simple nonlinear
noise reduction scheme. This work is motivated by the need of a better
understanding of voice dysfunctions. This would entail a twofold advantage for
affected patients: Physicians can perform better surgical interventions and on
the other hand researchers can try to build up devices that can help to improve
voice quality, i.e. in a phone conversation, avoiding any surgigal treatment.
As a first step, a proper signal classification is performed, through the idea
of geometric signal separation in a feature space. Then through the analysis of
the different regions populated by the samples coming from healthy people and
from patients affected by T1A glottis cancer, one is able to understand which
kind of interventions are necessary in order to correct the illness, i.e. to
move the corresponding feature vector from the sick region to the healthy one.
We discuss such a filter and show its performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148590 </DOCNO>
Relations between Non-Commutative and Commutative Spacetime


  Spacetime non-commutativity appears in string theory. In this paper, the
non-commutativity in string theory is reviewed. At first we review that a
Dp-brane is equivalent to a configuration of infinitely many D($p-2$)-branes.
If we consider the worldvolume as that of the Dp-brane, coordinates of the
Dp-brane is commutative. On the other hand if we deal with the worldvolume as
that of the D($p-2$)-branes, since coordinates of many D-branes are promoted to
matrices the worldvolume theory is non-commutative one. Next we see that using
a point splitting reguralization gives a non-commutative D-brane, and a
non-commutative gauge field can be rewritten in terms of an ordinary gauge
field. The transformation is called the Seiberg-Witten map. And we introduce
second class constraints as boundary conditions of an open string. Since
Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions are mixed in the constraints when the
open string is coupled to a NS B field, the end points of the open string is
non-commutative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5407 </DOCNO>
Emergence of highly-designable protein-backbone conformations in an


  Despite the variety of protein sizes, shapes, and backbone configurations
found in nature, the design of novel protein folds remains an open problem.
Within simple lattice models it has been shown that all structures are not
equally suitable for design. Rather, certain structures are distinguished by
unusually high designability: the number of amino-acid sequences for which
they represent the unique ground state; sequences associated with such
structures possess both robustness to mutation and thermodynamic stability.
Here we report that highly designable backbone conformations also emerge in a
realistic off-lattice model. The highly designable conformations of a chain of
23 amino acids are identified, and found to be remarkably insensitive to model
parameters. While some of these conformations correspond closely to known
natural protein folds, such as the zinc finger and the helix-turn-helix motifs,
others do not resemble known folds and may be candidates for novel fold design.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97983 </DOCNO>
On the cohomology algebra of free loop spaces


  Let $X$ be a simply connected space and $\Bbb K$ be any field. The normalized
singular cochains $N^*(X; {\Bbb K})$ admit a natural strongly homotopy
commutative algebra structure, which induces a natural product on the
Hochschild homology $HH_* N^*X$ of the space $X$. We prove that, endowed with
this product, $HH_*N^*X$ is isomorphic to the cohomology algebra of the free
loop space of $X$ with coefficients in $\Bbb K$. We also show how to construct
a simpler Hochschild complex which allows direct computation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95917 </DOCNO>
Indestructibility and the level-by-level agreement between strong


  Can a supercompact cardinal kappa be Laver indestructible when there is a
level-by-level agreement between strong compactness and supercompactness? In
this article, we show that if there is a sufficiently large cardinal above
kappa, then no, it cannot. Conversely, if one weakens the requirement either by
demanding less indestructibility, such as requiring only indestructibility by
stratified posets, or less level-by-level agreement, such as requiring it only
on measure one sets, then yes, it can.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126739 </DOCNO>
Dust Sublimation and Fragmentation in the Circumburst Medium: Evidence


  The distances to which the optical flash destroys dust via sublimation, and
the burst and afterglow change the size distribution of the dust via
fragmentation, are functions of grain size. Furthermore, the sublimation
distance is a decreasing function of grain size, while the fragmentation
distance is a decreasing function of grain size for large grains and an
increasing function of grain size for small grains. We investigate how these
very different, but somewhat complementary, processes change the optical depth
of the circumburst medium. To this end, we adopt a canonical distribution of
graphite and silicate grain sizes, and a simple fragmentation model, and we
compute the post-burst/optical flash/afterglow optical depth of a circumburst
cloud of constant density n and size R as a function of burst and afterglow
isotropic-equivalent X-ray energy E and spectral index alpha, and optical flash
isotropic-equivalent peak luminosity L: This improves upon previous analyses
that consider circumburst dust of a uniform grain size. We find that
circumburst clouds do not significantly extinguish (tau < 0.3) the optical
afterglow if R < 10L_{49}^{1/2} pc, fairly independent of n, E, and alpha, or
if N_H < 5x10^{20} cm^{-2}. On the other hand, we find that circumburst clouds
do significantly extinguish (tau > 3) the optical afterglow if R >
10L_{49}^{1/2} pc and N_H > 5x10^{21} cm^{-2}, creating a so-called `dark
burst'. The majority of bursts are dark, and as circumburst extinction is
probably the primary cause of this, this implies that most dark bursts occur in
clouds of this size and mass M > 3x10^5L_{49} M_{sun}. Clouds of this size and
mass are typical of giant molecular clouds, and are active regions of star
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127278 </DOCNO>
Chandra Exposes the Core Collapsed Globular Cluster NGC 6397


  We report results of the Chandra deep imaging observation of the closest
post-core collapse globular cluster, NGC 6397. Some 25 sources are detected
within 2 arcmin of the cluster center of which about 20 are likely cluster
members with L_x ~ 3x10^29 erg/s. The x-ray spectra suggest identifications
with 1 quiescent low mass x-ray binary (qLMXB) detected by the thermal emission
from its neutron star (NS) and 9 cataclysmic variables (CVs), 8 of which are
identified in our deep HST imaging survey (reported separately). Three (of 16)
BY Draconis main sequence binary candidates identified in our earlier HST
imaging study (Taylor et al) are detected of which one is indeed the
counterpart of the eclipsing millisecond pulsar (MSP) recently located by
D'Amico et al. Two other BY Dra candidates are also detected, whereas none of
the probable He white dwarf (WD) binaries identified by Taylor et al are
indicating they do not contain MSP primaries. The x-ray color magnitude diagram
suggests that the remaining 5 probable cluster sources are a mixture of faint
CVs, BY Dra binaries and MSPs. Compact binaries containing WDs appear to
dominate this cluster, in contrast to those containing NSs in 47Tuc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75601 </DOCNO>
White dwarf cooling and large extra dimensions


  Theories of fundamental interactions with large extra dimensions have
recently become very popular. Astrophysical bounds from the Sun, red-giants and
SN1987a have already been derived by other authors for the theory proposed by
Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali. In this paper we consider G117-B15A
pulsating white dwarf (ZZ Ceti star) for which the secular rate at which the
period of its fundamental mode increases has been accurately measured and
claimed that this mode of G117-B15A is perhaps the most stable oscillation ever
recorded in the optical band. Because an additional channel of energy loss
(Kaluza-Klein gravitons) would speed up the cooling rate, one is able to use
the aforementioned stability to derive a bound on theories with large extra
dimensions. Within the framework of the theory with large extra dimensions
proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali we find the lower bound on
string comapctification scale which is more stringent than solar or red-giant
bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1812 </DOCNO>
Quantum Entanglement in Fermionic Lattices


  The Fock space of a system of indistinguishable particles is isomorphic (in a
non-unique way) to the state-space of a composite i.e., many-modes, quantum
system. One can then discuss quantum entanglement for fermionic as well as
bosonic systems. We exemplify the use of this notion -central in quantum
information - by studying some e.g., Hubbard,lattice fermionic models relevant
to condensed matter physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1565 </DOCNO>
't Hooft-Polyakov Monopoles in an Antiferromagnetic Bose-Einstein


  We show that an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate, which can
for instance be created with Na-23 atoms in an optical trap, has not only
singular line-like vortex excitations, but also allows for singular point-like
topological excitations, i.e., 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles. We discuss the
static and dynamic properties ofthese monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126068 </DOCNO>
Non-pulsing emission from X-ray pulsars


  Results of GRANAT/ART-P observations of three X-ray pulsars in non-pulsing
states are presented: 1) a statistically significant non-pulsing flux with a
simple power-law spectrum was detected during the ``off''- state of Her X-1; 2)
a significant (13 $\sigma$) non-pulsing flux with a strong iron emission line
at energies ~ 6.7-6.9 keV was detected during the eclipse ingress of Cen X-3;
3) a weak non-pulsing flux was detected during the X-ray eclipse of Vela X-1,
which probably resulted from scattering of the pulsar emission in the stellar
wind of an optical star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41641 </DOCNO>
Three Generation Neutrino Oscillation Parameters after SNO


  We examine the solar neutrino problem in the context of the realistic three
neutrino mixing scenario including the SNO charged current (CC) rate. The two
independent mass squared differences $\Delta m^2_{21}$ and $\Delta m^2_{31}
\approx \Delta m^2_{32}$ are taken to be in the solar and atmospheric ranges
respectively. We incorporate the constraints on $\Delta$m$^2_{31}$ as obtained
by the SuperKamiokande atmospheric neutrino data and determine the allowed
values of $\Delta m^2_{21}$, $\theta_{12}$ and $\theta_{13}$ from a combined
analysis of solar and CHOOZ data. Our aim is to probe the changes in the values
of the mass and mixing parameters with the inclusion of the SNO data as well as
the changes in the two-generation parameter region obtained from the solar
neutrino analysis with the inclusion of the third generation. We find that the
inclusion of the SNO CC rate in the combined solar + CHOOZ analysis puts a more
restrictive bound on $\theta_{13}$. Since the allowed values of $\theta_{13}$
are constrained to very small values by the CHOOZ experiment there is no
qualitative change over the two generation allowed regions in the $\Delta
m^2_{21} - \tan^2 \theta_{12}$ plane. The best-fit comes in the LMA region and
no allowed area is obtained in the SMA region at 3$\sigma$ level from combined
solar and CHOOZ analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86760 </DOCNO>
A uniqueness theorem for the adS soliton


  We present two theorems, a general structure theorem for a class of negative
mass spacetimes, and a uniqueness theorem for the negative mass adS soliton
spacetime. The uniqueness result may be viewed as support for the new positive
mass conjecture of Horowitz and Myers (arXiv:hep-th/9808079) and hence the
adS/CFT correspondence in the absence of supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128634 </DOCNO>
A High Angular Resolution Multiplicity Survey of the Open Clusters alpha


  Two hundred and forty-two members of the Praesepe and alpha Persei clusters
ranging from B (~5Msun) to early-M (~0.5 Msun) have been surveyed with high
angular resolution imaging. The 39 binary and 1 quadruple systems detected
encompass separations from 0".053 to 7".28; 28 of the systems are new
detections and there are 9 candidate substellar companions. The main results
from the survey are: * Over the projected separation range of 26-581 AU and
magnitude differences of DeltaK < 4.0 mag, the companion star fraction (CSF)
for alpha Persei is 0.09 +/- 0.03 and for Praesepe is 0.10 +/- 0.03. This
fraction is consistent with the field G-dwarf value, implying that there is not
a systematic decline in multiplicity with age on timescales of at 4 +1/-1.5 AU,
significantly smaller value than both the field G-dwarf and the nearby T Tauri
distributions. A simple population synthesis model suggests that the G-dwarf
binary population is a combination of ~30% dark cloud and ~70% giant molecular
cloud systems. * An exploration of the binary star properties reveals a cluster
CSF that increases with decreasing target mass and a cluster mass ratio
distribution that rises more sharply for higher mass stars, but is independent
of binary separation. These observational trends are consistent with several
models of capture in small clusters and simulations of accretion following
fragmentation in a cluster environment. * Among the cluster A stars, there is a
higher fraction of binaries in the subset with X-ray detections, consistent
with the hypothesis that lower mass companions are the true source of X-ray
emission. * In alpha Persei, the rotational velocities for solar-type binaries
with separations less that 60 AU the rotational evolution of young stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96303 </DOCNO>
Grothendieck classes of quiver varieties


  We prove a formula for the structure sheaf of a quiver variety in the
Grothendieck ring of its embedding variety. This formula generalizes and gives
new expressions for Grothendieck polynomials. We furthermore conjecture that
the coefficients in our formula have signs which alternate with degree. The
proof of our formula involves $K$-theoretic generalizations of several useful
cohomological tools, including the Thom-Porteous formula, the Jacobi-Trudi
formula, and a Gysin formula of Pragacz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4246 </DOCNO>
Band structure approach to the resonant x-ray scattering


  We study the resonance behaviour of the forbidden 600 and 222 x-ray Bragg
peaks in Ge using LDA band structure methods. These Bragg peaks remain
forbidden in the resonant dipole scattering approximation even taking into
account the non local nature of the band states. However they become allowed at
resonance if the eigenstates of the unoccupied conduction band involve a
hybridization of p like and d like atomic states. We show that the energy
dependence of the resonant behaviour, including the phase of the scattering, is
a direct measure of this p-d hybridization.and obtain quantitative agreement
with experiment. A simple physical picture involving a product of dipole and
quadrupolar transition matrix elements explains this behaviour and shows that
it should be generally true for cases where the resonating atom is not at an
inversion center. This has strong implications for the description of the
resonance behavior of x-ray scattering in materials where the resonant atom is
not at an inversion center such as V2O3 and in ferro and antiferro electric and
piezo electric materials in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98467 </DOCNO>
The syntomic regulator for K-theory of fields


  We define complexes analogous to Goncharov's complexes for the K-theory of
discrete valuation rings of characteristic zero. Under suitable assumptions in
K-theory, there is a map from the cohomology of those complexes to the K-theory
of the ring. In case the ring is the localization of the ring of integers in a
number field, there are no assumptions necessary. We compute the composition of
our map to the K-theory with the syntomic regulator. The result can be
described in terms of a p-adic polylogarithm. Finally, we apply our theory in
order to compute the regulator to syntomic cohomology on Beilinson's cyclotomic
elements. The result is again given by the p-adic polylogarithm. This last
result is related to one by Somekawa and generalizes work by Gros.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5495 </DOCNO>
Symmetry and magnetic structure determination: Developments in


  Group Theory techniques can aid greatly the determination of magnetic
structures. The integration of their calculations into new and existing
refinement programs is an ongoing development that will simplify and make more
rigorous the analysis of experimental data. This paper presents an overview of
the practical application of symmetry analysis to the determination of magnetic
structures. Details are given of the different programs that perform these
calculations and how refinements can be carried out using their results.
Examples are presented that show how such analysis can be important in the
interpretation of magnetic diffraction data, and to our reasoning of the causes
for the observed ordering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1533 </DOCNO>
Dynamic critical exponents of the Ising model with multispin


  We revisit the short-time dynamics of 2D Ising model with three spin
interactions in one direction and estimate the critical exponents $z,$
$\theta,$ $\beta$ and $\nu$. Taking properly into account the symmetry of the
Hamiltonian we obtain results completely different from those obtained by Wang
et al.. For the dynamic exponent $z$ our result coincides with that of the
4-state Potts model in two dimensions. In addition, results for the static
exponents $\nu$ and $\beta$ agree with previous estimates obtained from finite
size scaling combined with conformal invariance. Finally, for the new dynamic
exponent $\theta$ we find a negative and close to zero value, a result also
expected for the 4-state Potts model according to Okano et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174842 </DOCNO>
Level densities and $\gamma$-strength functions in $^{148,149}$Sm


  The level densities and $\gamma$-strength functions of the weakly deformed
$^{148}$Sm and $^{149}$Sm nuclei have been extracted. The temperature versus
excitation energy curve, derived within the framework of the micro canonical
ensemble, shows structures, which we associate with the break up of Cooper
pairs. The nuclear heat capacity is deduced within the framework of both the
micro canonical and the canonical ensemble. We observe negative heat capacity
in the micro canonical ensemble whereas the canonical heat capacity exhibits an
S-shape as function of temperature, both signals of a phase transition. The
structures in the $\gamma$-strength functions are discussed in terms of the
pygmy resonance and the scissors mode built on exited states. The samarium
results are compared with data for the well deformed $^{161,162}$Dy,
$^{166,167}$Er and $^{171,172}$Yb isotopes and with data from
(n,$\gamma$)-experiments and giant dipole resonance studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127605 </DOCNO>
The burst behavior of the eclipsing low-mass X-ray binary MXB 1659-298


  We present a detailed study of the correlations between the burst properties
and the inferred mass accretion rate for the X-ray transient MXB 1659-298. The
bursts which exhibited oscillations were observed when the source was at
relatively high mass accretion rate, similar to what has been seen for other
sources. However, due to the limited number of observations at lower mass
accretion rates, no bursts were observed at such accretion rates and it is
still possible that when MXB 1659-298 accretes at such low mass accretion
rates, bursts can occur which might still exhibit burst oscillations. No clear
correlations were found between the different burst properties and accretion
rate, in contrast to what has been found for KS 1731-260 and 4U 1728-34, but
similar to what has been reported for Aql X-1. However, this lack of
correlation for MXB 1659-298 and Aql X-1 might be due to the limited range of
mass accretion rate observed for those sources compared to KS 1731-260 and 4U
1728-34.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73297 </DOCNO>
Watson's theorem and electromagnetism in K -> pi pi decay


  We consider what constraints unitarity and CPT invariance yield on the strong
and electromagnetic phases entering K -> pi pi decay. In particular, we show
that the relative size of the electromagnetically-induced changes in the I=0
and I=2 phase shifts in the two--pion final state do not depend on the explicit
coupling to the pi^+ pi^- gamma channel. This demonstrates that Watson's
theorem can be extended to include the presence of electromagnetism. We point
out the consequences for the general structure of the K -> pi pi decay
amplitudes in the presence of isospin violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125852 </DOCNO>
X-Ray Spectroscopy of II Pegasi: Coronal Temperature Structure,


  We have obtained high resolution X-ray spectra of the coronally active
binary, II Pegasi (HD 224085), covering the wavelength range of 1.5-25
Angstroms. For the first half of our 44 ksec observation, the source was in a
quiescent state with constant X-ray flux, after which it flared, reaching twice
the quiescent flux in 12 ksec, then decreasing. We analyze the emission-line
spectrum and continuum during quiescent and flaring states. The differential
emission measure derived from lines fluxes shows a hot corona with a continuous
distribution in temperature. During the non-flare state, the distribution peaks
near log T = 7.2, and when flaring, near 7.6. High-temperature lines are
enhanced slightly during the flare, but most of the change occurs in the
continuum. Coronal abundance anomalies are apparent, with iron very deficient
relative to oxygen and significantly weaker than expected from photospheric
measurements, while neon is enhanced relative to oxygen. We find no evidence of
appreciable resonant scattering optical depth in line ratios of iron and
oxygen. The flare light curve is consistent with Solar two-ribbon flare models,
but with a very long reconnection time-constant of about 65 ks. We infer loop
lengths of about 0.05 stellar radii, to about 0.25 in the flare, if the flare
emission originated from a single, low-density loop.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113839 </DOCNO>
High Temperature Electron Localization in dense He Gas


  We report new accurate mesasurements of the mobility of excess electrons in
high density Helium gas in extended ranges of temperature $[(26\leq T\leq 77) K
]$ and density $[ (0.05\leq N\leq 12.0) {atoms} \cdot {nm}^{-3}]$ to
ascertain the effect of temperature on the formation and dynamics of localized
electron states. The main result of the experiment is that the formation of
localized states essentially depends on the relative balance of fluid dilation
energy, repulsive electron-atom interaction energy, and thermal energy. As a
consequence, the onset of localization depends on the medium disorder through
gas temperature and density. It appears that the transition from delocalized to
localized states shifts to larger densities as the temperature is increased.
This behavior can be understood in terms of a simple model of electron
self-trapping in a spherically symmetric square well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 936 </DOCNO>
Random walk theory of jamming in a cellular automaton model for traffic


  The jamming behavior of a single lane traffic model based on a cellular
automaton approach is studied. Our investigations concentrate on the so-called
VDR model which is a simple generalization of the well-known
Nagel-Schreckenberg model. In the VDR model one finds a separation between a
free flow phase and jammed vehicles. This phase separation allows to use random
walk like arguments to predict the resolving probabilities and lifetimes of jam
clusters or disturbances. These predictions are in good agreement with the
results of computer simulations and even become exact for a special case of the
model. Our findings allow a deeper insight into the dynamics of wide jams
occuring in the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3894 </DOCNO>
Preparation of Bi4ti3o12 Thin Films by a Pulsed Laser Ablation


  Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) has been considered as material for UV detector since it has
optical band gap of about 3.5 eV. Unlike the most used material for this
purpose, such as GaN and AlN, BIT is a ferroelectric oxide material. It has
shown good detection properties in the UV regions. We have developed a Pulsed
Laser Ablation Deposition (PLAD) method for preparation of BIT thin films. The
BIT films were grown on Si/SiO2/Pt(111) substrates and these films exhibit good
crystalline properties with preferential orientation in c-axis. A structure of
Al/Bi4Ti3O12/Pt(111)/Si(100) was fabricated for measurement of spectral
distribution of the voltage responsivity. The maximum voltage responsivity and
the spectral distribution significantly depend on the films preparations and
treatments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3789 </DOCNO>
Coupling of spatially separated carriers in crossed electric and


  It is shown that in bilayer conducting structures in crossed electric and
magnetic fields of a special configuration (the fields should have opposite
signs in the adjacent layers) the dependence of the energy of a pair of equally
charged carriers on the momentum of the pair has a local minimum. This minimum
corresponds to a bound state of the pair. The local minimum is separated from
the absolute minimum by a large energy barrier. That provides the stability of
the bound state with respect to different scattering processes. If the number
of the pairs is macroscopic, a phase transition into a metastable
superconducting state may take place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148747 </DOCNO>
A new exactly solvable Eckart-type potential


  A new exact analytically solvable Eckart-type potential is presented, a
generalisation of the Hulthen potential. The study through Supersymmetric
Quantum Mechanics is presented together with the hierarchy of Hamiltonians and
the shape invariance property.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5231 </DOCNO>
Coulomb blockade of strongly coupled quantum dots studied via


  A pair of quantum dots, coupled through a point contact, can exhibit Coulomb
blockade effects that reflect an oscillatory term in the dots' total energy
whose value depends on whether the total number of electrons on the dots is
even or odd. The effective energy associated with this even-odd alternation is
reduced, relative to the bare Coulomb blockade energy for uncoupled dots, by a
factor (1-f) that decreases as the interdot coupling is increased. When the
transmission coefficient for interdot electronic motion is independent of
energy and the same for all channels within the point contact (which are
assumed uncoupled), the factor (1-f) takes on a universal value determined
solely by the number of channels and the dimensionless conductance g of each
individual channel.
  This paper studies corrections to the universal value of (1-f) that result
when the transmission coefficent varies over energy scales of the size of the
bare Coulomb blockade energy. We consider a model in which the point contact is
described by a single orbital channel containing a parabolic barrier potential,
and we calculate the leading correction to (1-f) for one-channel (spin-split)
and two-channel (spin-degenerate) point contacts in the limit where the single
orbital channel is almost completely open. By generalizing a previously used
bosonization technique, we find that, for a given value of the dimensionless
conductance g, the value of (1-f) is increased relative to its value for a
zero-thickness barrier, but the absolute value of the increase is small in the
region where our calculations apply.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83952 </DOCNO>
Two heads are better than two tapes


  We show that a Turing machine with two single-head one-dimensional tapes
cannot recognize the set {x2x'| x \in {0,1}^* and x' is a prefix of x} in real
time, although it can do so with three tapes, two two-dimensional tapes, or one
two-head tape, or in linear time with just one tape. In particular, this
settles the longstanding conjecture that a two-head Turing machine can
recognize more languages in real time if its heads are on the same
one-dimensional tape than if they are on separate one-dimensional tapes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128776 </DOCNO>
The formation of stars in groups


  Observations of the dust and gas around embedded stellar clusters reveal some
of the processes involved in their formation and evolution. Large scale mass
infall with rates dM/dt=4e-4 solar masses/year is found to be disrupted on
small scales by protostellar outflows. Observations of the size and velocity
dispersion of clusters suggest that protostellar migration from their
birthplace begins at very early times and is a potentially useful evolutionary
indicator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7045 </DOCNO>
SCOZA for Thin Films


  We show the way in which the self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike approach
(SCOZA) to obtaining structure factors and thermodynamics for Hamiltonian
models can best be applied to two-dimensional systems such as thin films. We
use the nearest-neighbor lattice gas on a square lattice as an illustrative
example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179585 </DOCNO>
Deformed Boson Scheme including Conventional q-Deformation in


  Basic idea presented in Parts (I) and (II) for the deformed boson scheme is
applied to the case of the su(2,1)-algebra for describing many-body systems
consisting of three kinds of boson operators. A possible form of the coherent
state for the su(2,1)-algebra is generalized and the deformed su(2,1)-algebra
is presented. As an application, the time-evolution of the statistically mixed
state in a certain boson system, which has been already investigated by the
present authors, is reinvestigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97230 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Geometry of Supersymmetry and the Generalized Group


  We examine the notion of symmetry in quantum field theory from a fundamental
representation theoretic point of view. This leads us to a generalization
expressed in terms of quantum groups and braided categories. It also unifies
the conventional concept of symmetry with that of exchange statistics and the
spin-statistics relation. We show how this quantum group symmetry is
reconstructed from the traditional (super) group symmetry, statistics and
spin-statistics relation.
  The old question of extending the Poincare group to unify external and
internal symmetries (solved by supersymmetry) is reexamined in the new
framework. The reason why we should allow supergroups in this case becomes
completely transparent. However, the true symmetries are not expressed by
groups or supergroups here but by ordinary (not super) quantum groups. We show
in this generalized framework that supersymmetry remains the most general
unification of internal and space-time symmetries provided that all particles
are either bosons or fermions.
  Finally, we demonstrate with some examples how quantum geometry provides a
natural setting for the construction of super-extensions, super-spaces,
super-derivatives etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74120 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Generalization of the Post-Prior Equivalence for Reaction


  In the non-relativistic description of the reaction of composite particles,
the reaction matrix is independent of the choice of post or prior forms for the
interaction. We generalize this post-prior equivalence to the relativistic
reaction of composite particles by using Dirac's constraint dynamics to
describe the bound states and the reaction process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3845 </DOCNO>
On the Magnetism of the Normal State in MgB2


  The experimentally observed ferromagnetism in MgB2 in the normal state is
attributed to micro phase separated inclusions of iron. This magnetic character
is also observed when the iron content of the samples is reduced below 20
micro-g/g, however in these samples the diamagnetism of MgB2 is apparent and is
measured. It is found experimentally that the diamagnetic susceptibility at
room temperature of B element, MgB2 and MgB4 is close to the ratio 1:2:4,
suggesting that the diamagnetism in these borides is confined to the boron
atoms. This observation supports a picture in which the two electrons of Mg are
donated to B in MgB2

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96962 </DOCNO>
percolation on finite graphs


  The asymptotic study of percolation on finite transitive graphs is
considered. Several questions and very few answers regarding percolation on
finite graphs are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75003 </DOCNO>
Non-renormalization theorems in softly broken SQED and the soft


  The renormalization of softly broken SQED is related to the one of
supersymmetric QED by using the construction with a local gauge supercoupling
and by taking into account softly broken anomalous axial U(1) symmetry. From
this extended model one obtains the non-renormalization theorems of SQED and
the counterterms of the soft breaking parameters as functions of the
supersymmetric counterterms. Due to the Adler-Bardeen anomaly of the axial
current an invariant regularization scheme does not exist, and therefore the
$\beta$-functions of soft breaking parameters are derived from an algebraic
construction of the Callan-Symanzik equation and of the renormalization group
equation. We obtain the soft $\beta$-functions in terms of the gauge
$\beta$-function and of the anomalous dimension of the supersymmetric matter
mass. In particular, we find that the X-term of the scalar mass
$\beta$-function as well as the gauge $\beta$-function in $l\geq 2$ are due to
the Adler-Bardeen anomaly of the axial symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127194 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Reionization and Galaxy Formation


  Using 3D radiative transfer calculations on the reionization of an
inhomogeneous universe, QSO absorption line systems are simulated and they are
compared with observations of Ly$\alpha$ continuum depression at high
redshifts. By this comparison, it is found that the metagalactic UV intensity
decreases rapidly with $z$ at $z>4$ as $I_{21}=0.5\exp [3(4-z)]$, and the
reionization must have taken place between $z=6$ and 10. Based on this
time-dependence of UV background intensity, we explore the collapse of
pregalactic clouds in the UV background, and find that the self-shielding is
prominent above a mass scale as $ M_{BIF}=3.0\times 10^{11} M_\odot
[(1+z_c)/5]^{-4.2}(I_{21}/0.5)^{0.6}. $ This mass scale predicts the
bifurcation of galactic morphology, and by confrontation with observations it
turns out that the bifurcation mass successfully discriminates between
elliptical and spiral galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81313 </DOCNO>
Maximum entropy analysis of hadron spectral functions and excited states


  Employing the maximum entropy method we extract the spectral functions from
meson correlators at four lattice spacings in quenched QCD with the Wilson
quark action. We confirm that the masses and decay constants, obtained from the
position and the area of peaks, agree well with the results from the
conventional exponential fit. For the first excited state, we obtain $m_{\pi_1}
= 660(590)$ MeV, $m_{\rho_1} = 1540(570)$ MeV, and $f_{\rho_1} = 0.085(36)$ in
the continuum limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1476 </DOCNO>
Control of charging in resonant tunneling through InAs nanocrystal


  Tunneling spectroscopy of InAs nanocrystals deposited on graphite was
measured using scanning tunneling microscopy, in a double-barrier
tunnel-junction configuration. The effect of the junction symmetry on the
tunneling spectra is studied experimentally and modeled theoretically. When the
tip is retracted, we observe resonant tunneling through the nanocrystal states
without charging. This is in contrast to previous measurements on similar
nanocrystals anchored to gold by linker molecules, where charging took place.
Charging is regained upon reducing the tip-nanocrystal distance, making the
junctions more symmetric. The effect of voltage distribution between the
junctions on the measured spectra is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2767 </DOCNO>
Optical spectroscopy of single quantum dots at tunable positive, neutral


  We report on the observation of photoluminescence from positive, neutral and
negative charge states of single semiconductor quantum dots. For this purpose
we designed a structure enabling optical injection of a controlled unequal
number of negative electrons and positive holes into an isolated InGaAs quantum
dot embedded in a GaAs matrix. Thereby, we optically produced the charge states
-3, -2, -1, 0, +1 and +2. The injected carriers form confined collective
'artificial atoms and molecules' states in the quantum dot. We resolve
spectrally and temporally the photoluminescence from an optically excited
quantum dot and use it to identify collective states, which contain charge of
one type, coupled to few charges of the other type. These states can be viewed
as the artificial analog of charged atoms such as H$^{-}$, H$^{-2}$, H$^{-3}$,
and charged molecules such as H$_{2}^{+}$ and H$_{3}^{+2}$. Unlike higher
dimensionality systems, where negative or positive charging always results in
reduction of the emission energy due to electron-hole pair recombination, in
our dots, negative charging reduces the emission energy, relative to the
charge-neutral case, while positive charging increases it. Pseudopotential
model calculations reveal that the enhanced spatial localization of the
hole-wavefunction, relative to that of the electron in these dots, is the
reason for this effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174846 </DOCNO>
Strangeness Production in Star at Rhic


  Strangeness study is one of the major goal of the STAR experiment at RHIC.
Results presented here have been obtained from analyses restricted to the
mid-rapidity region of Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV. An onset
of the understanding of the quark matter behavior produced at this relativistic
energy can be stressed from the investigation of the relative and absolute
yields of strange particle production, their transverse mass distributions and
from comparisons with previous results obtained by AGS and SPS experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129286 </DOCNO>
Distant Cluster Hunting II: A comparison of X-ray and optical cluster


  We present and analyze the optical and X-ray catalogs of moderate-redshift
cluster candidates from the ROSAT Optical X-ray Survey, or ROXS. The survey
covers 4.8 square degrees (23 ROSAT PSPC pointings). The cross-correlated
cluster catalogs were constructed by comparing two independent catalogs
extracted from the optical and X-ray bandpasses, using a matched filter
technique for the optical data and a wavelet technique for the X-ray data. We
cross-id cluster candidates in each catalog. In Paper II we present the cluster
catalogs and a numerical simulation of ROXS. We also present color-magnitude
plots for several cluster candidates, and examine the prominence of the red
sequence in each. We find that the X-ray clusters analyzed in this way do not
all have a prominent red sequence. We conclude that while the red sequence may
be distinct for massive, virialized clusters, it may be less so for lower-mass
clusters at even moderate redshifts. Multiple, complementary methods of
selecting and defining clusters may be essential, particularly at high redshift
where all methods run into completeness limits, incomplete understanding of
physical evolution, and projection effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179301 </DOCNO>
High-spin terminating bands formed from successive particle-hole


  High spin states in Zn and Dy isotopes with two protons outside the closed
shells at Z=28 and Z=64, respectively, are discussed. Bands terminating at
higher and higher spin values are formed from successive proton excitations
across these shells. These bands show very different features depending on the
number of excited particles. Very good agreement with experiment is obtained.
Special emphasis is put on the formation of M1-bands in configurations with one
hole in the Z=64 core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5767 </DOCNO>
Quantum-like approach to financial risk: quantum anthropic principle


  We continue the analysis of quantum-like description of market phenomena and
economics. We show that it is possible to define a risk inclination operator
acting in some Hilbert space that has a lot of common with quantum description
of the harmonic oscillator. The approach has roots in the recently developed
quantum game theory and quantum computing. A quantum anthropic principle is
formulated

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128450 </DOCNO>
Automatic variability analysis of bulge stars in OGLE II image


  We present results of star variability analysis in OGLE II first bulge field.
Photometric database was derived by means of image subtraction method (Wozniak
2000) and contains 4597 objects pre-classified as variables. We analyzed all
the light curves in order to find periodic variables, non periodic but all-time
variables and stars showing episodic changes in their brightness, e.g.
gravitational lenses. Variability of 3969 stars was confirmed, among them we
detected 12 lensing event candidates whose light curves are shown. We found 762
periodic variables. Algorithmic methods let us identify 71 RR Lyrae and 110 W
UMa stars. Almost all luminous red giants are found to be variable. Most of red
clump giants are not variable. Classification of all 4597 objects is presented
online.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96525 </DOCNO>
Brauer groups and Tate-Shafarevich groups


  Let X_K be a proper, smooth and geometrically connected curve over a global
field K. In this paper we generalize a formula of Milne relating the order of
the Tate-Shafarevich group of the Jacobian of X_K to the order of the Brauer
group of a proper regular model of X_K. We thereby partially answer a question
of Grothendieck.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77064 </DOCNO>
micrOMEGAs: A program for calculating the relic density in the MSSM


  We present a code that calculates the relic density of the LSP in the MSSM.
All tree-level processes for the annihilation of the LSP are included as well
as all possible coannihilation processes with neutralinos, charginos,
sleptons,squarks and gluinos. In all we have included over 2800 processes not
counting charged conjugate states.The cross-sections extracted from CompHEP are
calculated exactly. Relativistic formulae for the thermal average are used and
care is taken to handle poles and thresholds by adopting specific integration
routines. The input parameters can be either the soft SUSY parameters in a
general MSSM or the five parameters of a SUGRA model. A link with
ISASUGRA/ISAJET allows to calculate the parameters of the MSSM at the weak
scale for an input at the GUT scale. The Higgs masses are calculated with
FeynHiggsFast. Routines calculating g-2 and bsgamma are also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113777 </DOCNO>
On the interaction of point charges in an arbitrary domain


  We develop a systematic approach to calculating the electrostatic force
between point charges in an arbitrary geometry with arbitrary boundary
conditions. When the boundary is present, the simple expression for the force
acting on a charge as ``the charge times the field it is placed in'' becomes
ill-defined. However, this rule can be salvaged if the field in question is
redefined to include all the terms that do not diverge at the charge position,
in particular, those due to the charge itself. The proof requires handling the
self-action energy divergence for point charges, which is accomplished by means
of a geometrical regularization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2942 </DOCNO>
Signatures of Wannier-Stark and surface states in electron tunneling and


  Predicted by Wannier in 1960 band states quantization in a constant electric
field, $E_n$ = const $\pm n {\cal E}$, where $n =0$, 1, 2, ..., and ${\cal E}$
is proportional to the strength of electric field [this kind of spectrum is
commonly referred as the Wannier-Stark ladder (WSL)], implies that the
probability of tunneling through a tilted band should have ${\cal E}$ spaced
peaks, at least, under the weak coupling of the band states to the source and
drain electrodes. It has been shown, however, (Phys. Rev. B {\bf 63}, ...,
2001), that the appearance of the canonical WSL is preceded by WSLs with other
level spacing, namely, ${\cal E}_{m'/m}/(1-2m'/m)$, where $m$ and $m'< m/2$ are
positive integers specifying certain applied voltage. Here we show that
canonical and noncanonical WSLs, in addition to different peak spacing in the
transmission spectrum, have other pronouncedly distinctive features. As an
example, for the former, the peak and valley tunneling probability decays
exponentially with the increase of applied voltage. The corresponding exponents
are given by the sum and difference of two Fowler-Nordheim-type exponents
implying an anomalous increase of the peak-to-valley ratio. These and other
signatures of extended states (es), surface localized states (sls), and
Wannier-Stark (WS) states in the through tilted band transmission spectrum are
discussed on the basis of (derived for the first time) nearly exact explicit
expressions of es-, sls-, and WS states assisted tunneling probability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113556 </DOCNO>
On some Implications of (Symmetric) Special Relativity to High Energy


  Beside the rise of total cross sections or interaction radii of colliding
high energetic particles and the shrinkage of mean-free-paths of ultra
relativistic particles (nucleii) in material media (anomalons), which have been
shown to be of special relativistic origin [1], still other phenomena in high
energy physics may arise from relativistic kinematics. In particular this seems
to be the case with the EMC-effect and the so called atmosperic neutrino
anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75486 </DOCNO>
Neutron structure function $F_2^n(x)$ from deep inelastic electron


  The possibility of a reliable extraction of the neutron deep inelastic
structure function, $F_2^n(x)$, for $ x < 0.85$ from joint measurements of deep
inelastic structure functions of deuteron, $^{3}He$ and $^{3}H$ is
investigated. The model dependence in this extraction, linked to the possible
different interactions between nucleons in nuclei, is shown to be weak, if the
nuclear structure effects are properly taken into account. A combined analysis
of the deep inelastic structure functions of these nuclei is proposed to study
effects beyond the impulse approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1566 </DOCNO>
Pressure Effect and Specific Heat of RBa2Cu3Ox at Distinct Charge


  In YBa2Cu3Ox, distinct features are found in the pressure dependence of the
transition temperature, dTc/dp, and in DeltaCp*Tc, where DeltaCp is the jump in
the specific heat at Tc: dTc/dp becomes zero when DeltaCp*Tc is maximal,
whereas dTc/dp has a peak at lower oxygen contents where DeltaCp*Tc vanishes.
Substituting Nd for Y and doping with Ca leads to a shift of these specific
oxygen contents, since oxygen order and hole doping by Ca influences the hole
content nh in the CuO2 planes. Calculating nh from the parabolic Tc(nh)
behavior, the features coalesce for all samples at nh=0.11 and nh=0.175,
irrespective of substitution and doping. Hence, this behavior seems to reflect
an intrinsic property of the CuO2 planes. Analyzing our results we obtain
different mechanisms in three doping regions: Tc changes in the optimally doped
and overdoped region are mainly caused by charge transfer. In the slightly
underdoped region an increasing contribution to dTc/dp is obtained when well
ordered CuO chain fragments serve as pinning centers for stripes. This behavior
is supported by our results on Zn doped NdBa2Cu3Ox and is responsible for the
well known dTc/dp peak observed in YBa2Cu3Ox at x=6.7. Going to a hole content
below nh=0.11 our results point to a crossover from an underdoped
superconductor to a doped antiferromagnet, changing completely the physics of
these materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86822 </DOCNO>
Why do naked singularities form in gravitational collapse?


  We investigate what are the key physical features that cause the development
of a naked singularity, rather than a black hole, as the end-state of spherical
gravitational collapse. We show that sufficiently strong shearing effects near
the singularity delay the formation of the apparent horizon. This exposes the
singularity to an external observer, in contrast to a black hole, which is
hidden behind an event horizon due to the early formation of an apparent
horizon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75683 </DOCNO>
Vortices and vortons in dense quark matter


  Quark matter at astrophysical densities may contain stable vortices due to
the spontaneous breaking of hypercharge symmetry by kaon condensation. We argue
that these vortices could be both charged and electrically superconducting.
Current carrying loops (vortons) could be long lived and play a role in the
magnetic and transport properties of this matter. We provide a scenario for
vorton formation in protoneutron stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2995 </DOCNO>
Charge excitations in NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$


  We calculate the electron-energy loss spectrum and the optical conductivity
for NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ using the standard Lanczos algorithm. The vanadium ions in
NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$ form a system of coupled ladders which can be described by a
quarter-filled extended Hubbard model. Since this system has a large unit cell,
one has to be very careful to avoid finite-size effects in the calculations. We
show this by performing exact diagonalization of different clusters with up to
16 sites. The calculated loss function for the extended Hubbard model shows
good agreement with experimental spectra. Furthermore, a qualitative
description of the optical conductivity is obtained with the same Hamiltonian,
and the same set of model parameters. The comparison with the experiment shows
that interladder hopping is of minor importance for a realistic description of
charge excitations in NaV$_{2}$O$_{5}$. We find that the character of the
excitations depends strongly on the direction of momentum transfer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126752 </DOCNO>
Microlensing in M31; Preliminary lightcurves from MEGA


  One of the possible astrophysical solutions to the galactic dark matter
problem is the presence of a significant amount of ``dark'' compact objects
(MACHOs) in galactic dark matter halos. MEGA (Microlensing Exploration of the
Galaxy and Andromeda) tries to find proof for or against the presence of
compact objects in the halo of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) by looking for the
microlensing signature that would be induced by these objects. The lightcurves
presented here are preliminary and based on observations of M31 with the Isaac
Newton Telescope (INT) on La Palma during the second half of 1999.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87111 </DOCNO>
Non-relativistic quantum systems on topological defects space-times


  We study the behavior of non-relativistic quantum particles interacting with
different potentials in the space-times generated by a cosmic string and a
global monopole. We find the energy spectra in the presence of these
topological defects and show how they differ from their free space-time values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4990 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulations of the Four Dimensional XY Spin-glass at Low


  We report results for simulations of the four-dimensional XY spin-glass using
the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method at low temperatures for moderate
sizes. Our results are qualitatively consistent with earlier work on the
three-dimensional gauge glass as well as three- and four-dimensional
Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass. An extrapolation of our results would
indicate that large-scale excitations cost only a finite amount of energy in
the thermodynamic limit. The surface of these excitations may be fractal,
although we cannot rule out a scenario compatible with replica symmetry
breaking in which the surface of low-energy large-scale excitations is space
filling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97334 </DOCNO>
Weak Diamond


  Under some cardinal arithmetic assumptions, we prove that every stationary
subset of lambda of a right cofinality has the weak diamond. This is a strong
negation of uniformization. We then deal with a weaker version of the weak
diamond- colouring restrictions. We then deal with semi- saturated (normal)
filters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2710 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Quantum Interference Device based on MgB2 nanobridges


  The recently discovered superconductor MgB2, with a transition temperature of
39K, has significant potential for future electronics. An essential step is the
achievement of Josephson circuits, of which the superconducting quantum
interference device (SQUID) is the most important. Here, we report Josephson
quantum interference in superconducting MgB2 thin films. Modulation voltages of
up to 30 microvolt are observed in an all-MgB2 SQUID, based on focused ion beam
patterned nanobridges. These bridges, with a length scale < 100 nm, have
outstanding critical current densities of 7 x 10^6 A/cm2 at 4.2 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129588 </DOCNO>
Reexamination of the galaxy formation-regulated gas evolution model in


  As an alternative explanation of the entropy excess and the steepening of the
X-ray luminosity-temperature relation in groups and clusters, the galaxy
formation-regulated gas evolution (GG) model proposed recently by Bryan makes
an attempt to incorporate the formation of galaxies into the evolution of gas
without additional heating by nongravitational processes. This seems to provide
a unified scheme for our understanding of the structures and evolution of both
galaxies and gas in groups and clusters. In this paper, we present an extensive
comparison of the X-ray properties of groups and clusters predicted by the GG
model and those revealed by current X-ray observations, using various large
data sources in the literature and also taking the observational selection
effects into account. These include an independent check of the fundamental
working hypothesis of the GG model, i.e., galaxy formation was less efficient
in rich clusters than in groups, a new test of the radial gas distributions
revealed by both the gas mass fraction and the X-ray surface brightness
profiles, and an reexamination of the X-ray luminosity-temperature and
entropy-temperature relations. In particular, it shows that the overall X-ray
surface brightness profiles predicted by the GG model are very similar in
shape, insensitive to the X-ray temperature, and the shallower X-ray surface
brightness profiles seen at low-temperature systems may arise from the current
observational selection effect. This can be used as the simplest approach to
distinguishing between the GG model and the preheating scenario. The latter
yields an intrinsically shallower gas distribution in groups than in rich
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124968 </DOCNO>
Photoelectric effect on dust grains across the L1721 cloud in the rho


  We present ISO-LWS measurements of the main gas cooling lines, C+ 158 mum and
O 63 mum towards a moderate opacity molecular cloud (Av=3), L1721, illuminated
by the B2 star nu Sco (X = 5-10). These data are combined with an extinction
map and IRAS dust emission images to test our understanding of gas heating and
cooling in photo-dissociation regions (PDRs). This nearby PDR is spatially
resolved in the IRAS images; variations in the IRAS colors across the cloud
indicate an enhanced abundance of small dust grains within the PDR. A spatial
correlation between the gas cooling lines and the infrared emission from small
dust grains illustrates the dominant role of small dust grains in the gas
heating through the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric efficiency,
determined from the observations by ratioing the power radiated by gas and
small dust grains, is in the range 2 to 3% in close agreement with recent
theoretical estimates. The brightness profiles across the PDR in the C+ 158 mum
and O 63 mum lines are compared with model calculations where the density
profile is constrained by the extinction data and where the gas chemical and
thermal balances are solved at each position. We show that abundance variations
of small dust grains across the PDR must be considered to account for the LWS
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83563 </DOCNO>
The Enhanced Double Digest Problem for DNA Physical Mapping


  The double digest problem is a common NP-hard approach to constructing
physical maps of DNA sequences. This paper presents a new approach called the
enhanced double digest problem. Although this new problem is also NP-hard, it
can be solved in linear time in certain theoretically interesting cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97751 </DOCNO>
K3 projective models in scrolls


  We study the projective models of complex K3 surfaces polarized by a line
bundle L such that all smooth curves in |L| have non-general Clifford index.
Such models are in a natural way contained in rational normal scrolls.
    We use this study to classify and describe all projective models of K3
surfaces of genus at most 10.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123567 </DOCNO>
Pair Creation at Shocks: Application to the High Energy Emission of


  We investigate the effect of pair creation on a shock structure. Actually,
particles accelerated by a shock can be sufficiently energetic to boost, via
Inverse Compton (IC) process for example, surrounding soft photons above the
rest mass electron energy and thus to trigger the pair creation process. The
increase of the associated pair pressure is thus able to disrupt the plasma
flow and possibly, for too high pressure, to smooth it completely. Reversely,
significant changes of the flow velocity profile may modify the distribution
function of the accelerated particles, modifying consequently the pair creation
rate. Stationary states are then obtained by solving self-consistently for the
particle distribution function and the flow velocity profile. We discuss our
results and the application of these processes to the high energy emission and
variability of compact objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179336 </DOCNO>
Test of Nuclear Wave Functions for Pseudospin Symmetry


  Using the fact that pseudospin is an approximate symmetry of the Dirac
Hamiltonian with realistic scalar and vector mean fields, we derive the wave
functions of the pseudospin partners of eigenstates of a realistic Dirac
Hamiltonian and compare these wave functions with the wave functions of the
Dirac eigenstates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74857 </DOCNO>
Analytic Perturbation Theory in analyzing some QCD observables


  The paper is devoted to application of recently devised ghost-free Analytic
Perturbation Theory (APT) for analysis of some QCD observables. We start with
the discussion of the main problem of the perturbative QCD -- ghost
singularities and with the resume of this trouble solution within the APT.
  By a few examples in the various energy and momentum transfer regions (with
the flavor number f=3, 4 and 5) we demonstrate the effect of improved
convergence of the APT modified perturbative QCD expansion. Our first
observation is that in the APT analysis the three-loop contribution $\sim
\alpha_s^3$) is as a rule numerically inessential. This gives raise a hope for
practical solution of the well-known problem of asymptotic nature of common QFT
perturbation series.
  The second result is that a usual perturbative analysis of time-like events
with the big $\pi^2$ term in the $\alpha_s^3$ coefficient is not adequate at
$s\leq 2 \GeV^2$. In particular, this relates to $\tau$ decay. 
  Then, for the "high" (f=5) region it is shown that the common two-loop (NLO,
NLLA) perturbation approximation widely used there (at $10
\GeV\lesssim\sqrt{s}\lesssim 170 \GeV$) for analysis of shape/events data
contains a systematic negative error of a 1--2 per cent level for the extracted
$\bar{alpha}_s^{(2)} $ values. 
  Our physical conclusion is that the $\bar{alpha}_s(M^2_Z)$ value averaged
over the f=5 data appreciably differs $<bar{alpha}_s(M^2_Z)>_{f=5}\simeq 0.124$
from the currently accepted "world average" (=0.118).}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125632 </DOCNO>
Optimization of radio astronomical observations using Allan variance


  Stability tests based on the Allan variance method have become a standard
procedure for the evaluation of the quality of radio-astronomical
instrumentation. They are very simple and simulate the situation when detecting
weak signals buried in large noise fluctuations. For the special conditions
during observations an outline of the basic properties of the Allan variance is
given, and some guidelines how to interpret the results of the measurements are
presented. Based on a rather simple mathematical treatment clear rules for
observations in ``Position-Switch'', ``Beam-'' or ``Frequency-Switch'',
``On-The-Fly-'' and ``Raster-Mapping'' mode are derived. Also, a simple ``rule
of the thumb'' for an estimate of the optimum timing for the observations is
found. The analysis leads to a conclusive strategy how to plan
radio-astronomical observations. Particularly for air- and space-borne
observatories it is very important to determine, how the extremely precious
observing time can be used with maximum efficiency. The analysis should help to
increase the scientific yield in such cases significantly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128193 </DOCNO>
A solution to a 100-yr problem -- a connection between the transition


  One hundred years after the eruption of GK Per and the detection of
oscillations in its light curve it is still unclear why certain novae show a
smooth decline in their optical light curves after outburst while others have
oscillations / minimum during the `transition phase'. Two years ago we pointed
out a possible connection between this phase in classical novae and
intermediate polars (IPs), and predicted that novae that have the transition
phase should be IPs. Chandra observations on two recent novae support this
prediction. Nova V1494 Aql 99/2, which had oscillations during the transition
phase, can be classified as an IP, while X-ray observations on Nova V382 Vel
1999, whose optical decline from outburst was smooth, failed to detect any
short-term periodicity. About 10 percent of the CV population are IPs. This
figure is consistent with the rarity of the transition phase in novae. We also
present a model for this idea: the nova outburst disrupts the accretion disc
only in IPs because their discs are less massive than in non-magnetic systems
and their inner parts are depleted; the recovery of the disc, a few
weeks-months after the eruption, causes the formation of dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72705 </DOCNO>
Scalar field models for an accelerating universe


  I describe a new class of quintessence+CDM models in which late time scalar
field oscillations can give rise to both quintessence and cold dark matter.
Additionally, a versatile ansatz for the luminosity distance is used to
reconstruct the quintessence equation of state in a model independent manner
from observations of high redshift supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86842 </DOCNO>
Thermal noise in interferometric gravitational wave detectors due to


  We report on thermal noise from the internal friction of dielectric coatings
made from alternating layers of Ta2O5 and SiO2 deposited on fused silica
substrates. We present calculations of the thermal noise in gravitational wave
interferometers due to optical coatings, when the material properties of the
coating are different from those of the substrate and the mechanical loss angle
in the coating is anisotropic. The loss angle in the coatings for strains
parallel to the substrate surface was determined from ringdown experiments. We
measured the mechanical quality factor of three fused silica samples with
coatings deposited on them. The loss angle of the coating material for strains
parallel to the coated surface was found to be (4.2 +- 0.3)*10^(-4) for
coatings deposited on commercially polished slides and (1.0 +- 0.3)*10^{-4} for
a coating deposited on a superpolished disk. Using these numbers, we estimate
the effect of coatings on thermal noise in the initial LIGO and advanced LIGO
interferometers. We also find that the corresponding prediction for thermal
noise in the 40 m LIGO prototype at Caltech is consistent with the noise data.
These results are complemented by results for a different type of coating,
presented in a companion paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125835 </DOCNO>
The Tolman Surface Brightness Test for the Reality of the Expansion.


  Photometric data for 34 early-type galaxies in the three high-redshift
clusters Cl 1324+3011 (z = 0.76), Cl 1604+4304 (z = 0.90), and Cl 1604+4321 (z
= 0.92), observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and with the Keck
10-meter telescopes by Oke, Postman & Lubin, are analyzed to obtain the
photometric parameters of mean surface brightness, magnitudes for the growth
curves, and angular radii at various Petrosian eta radii. The angular radii at
eta = 1.3 mag for the program galaxies are all larger than 0.24". All of the
galaxies are well resolved at this angular size using HST whose point-spread
function is 0.05", half width at half maximum. The data for each of the program
galaxies are listed at eta = 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, and 2.0 mag. They are
corrected by color equations and K terms for the effects of redshift to the
rest-frame Cape/Cousins I for Cl 1324+3011 and Cl 1604+4304 and R for Cl
1604+4321. The K corrections are calculated from synthetic spectral energy
distributions derived from evolving stellar population models of Bruzual &
Charlot which have been fitted to the observed broad-band (BVRI) AB magnitudes
of each program galaxy. The listed photometric data are independent of all
cosmological parameters. They are the source data for the Tolman surface
brightness test made in Paper IV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113961 </DOCNO>
Backward Causation, Isolation and the Pursuit of Justice


  The recent operationalization of the famous Newcomb's game by Schmidt (1998)
offers an interesting and thought-provoking look at the plausibility of
backward causation in a Newtonian universe. Hereby we investigate two details
of the Schmidt's scenario which may, at least in principle, invalidate his
conclusion in two different domains: one dealing with the issue of Newtonian
predictability in specific instance of human actions, and the other stemming
from a possible strategy aimed at obviating the anthropically oriented view of
backward causation as applied to a judicial and ethical problem posed by a
version of the scenario. We conclude that the scenario is at least to be more
complex than originally presented in order to remain viable. However, it points
to a very deep and delicate question of compatibility of backward causation
with the conventional ethical standards.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3509 </DOCNO>
Field-induced Coulomb coupling in semiconductor macroatoms: application


  A novel approach for the control of exciton-exciton Coulomb coupling in
semiconductor macroatoms/molecules is proposed. We show that by applying
properly tailored external fields, we can induce ---or significantly
reinforce--- excitonic dipoles, which in turn allows to control and magnify
intra- as well as inter-dot few-exciton effects. Such dipole-dipole interaction
mechanism will be accounted for within a simple analytical model, which is
found to be in good agreement with fully three-dimensional calculations. The
proposed approach may play an important role for the design and realization of
fully-optical quantum gates as well as ultrafast optical switches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76752 </DOCNO>
Renormalized QCD-inspired model for the pion and mesons


  We apply the subtraction method to an effective QCD-inspired model, which
includes the Coulomb plus a zero-range hyperfine interactions, to define a
renormalized Hamiltonian for mesons. The spectrum of the renormalized
Hamiltonian agrees with the one obtained with a smeared hyperfine interaction.
The masses of the low-lying pseudo scalar and vector mesons are reasonably
described within the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2507 </DOCNO>
Stratified disordered media: Exact solutions for transport parameters


  We investigate the transport of a passive tracer in a two-dimensional
stratified random medium with flow parallel and perpendicular to the strata.
Assuming a Gaussian random flow with a Gaussian correlation function, it is not
only possible to derive exact expressions for the temporal behaviour of the
dispersion coefficients characterising the tracer transport, but also to
investigate the self-averaging properties of these quantities. We give explicit
results for the dispersion coefficient and its mean square fluctuations as a
function of time. As it turns out, the sample to sample fluctuations which are
encoded in the latter quantity remain finite even in the asymptotic limit of
infinite times, which implies that the given two-dimensional model is not
self-averaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74990 </DOCNO>
Are the $J/\psi$ and $\chi_c A$ Dependencies the Same?


  It has been empirically observed that the dependence of $J/\psi$ and $\psi'$
production on nuclear mass number $A$ is very similar. This has been postulated
to be due to the predominance of color octet pre-resonant states in charmonium
production and absorption. Two new experiments, NA60 at CERN and HERA-B at
DESY, will measure the $\chi_c$ $A$ dependence for the first time. These
measurements should shed new light on the charmonium production and absorption
mechanisms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179214 </DOCNO>
J/Psi suppression in central Pb-Pb collisions


  We discuss the recent NA50 J/Psi production data in Pb--Pb collisions, in
particular the second drop at high transverse energies which correspond to the
most central collisions. Using a model which relates the J/Psi suppression to
the local energy density, we show that the data can be explained by taking into
account transverse energy fluctuations at a given impact parameter. Predictions
of this model for RHIC are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113581 </DOCNO>
Mecanica Relacional: A proposito de uma resenha


  We present a critical analysis of what is called Relational Mechanics, as it
has been presented in a book thus entitled, which has been recently reviewed in
this journal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6987 </DOCNO>
Many-body GW Calculations of Ground-State Properties: Quasi-2D Electron


  We present GW many-body results for ground-state properties of two simple but
very distinct families of inhomogenous systems in which traditional
implementations of density-functional theory (DFT) fail drastically. The GW
approach gives notably better results than the well-known random-phase
approximation, at a similar computational cost. These results establish GW as a
superior alternative to standard DFT schemes without the expensive numerical
effort required by quantum Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3182 </DOCNO>
Decay rate and renormalized frequency shift of a quantum wire Wannier


  The superradiant decay rate and frequency shift of a Wannier exciton in a
one-dimensional quantum wire are studied. It is shown that the dark mode
exciton can be examined experimentally when the quantum wire is embedded in a
planar microcavity. It is also found that the decay rate is greatly enhanced as
the cavity length $L_{c}$ is equal to the multiple wavelength of the emitted
photon. Similar to its decay rate counterpart, the frequency shift also shows
discontinuities at resonant modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125925 </DOCNO>
A Model for Abundances in Metal-Poor Stars


  It is argued that the abundances of r-process related elements in stars with
-3<[Fe/H]<-1 can be explained by the contributions of three sources. The
sources are: the first generations of very massive (>100 solar masses) stars
that are formed from Big Bang debris and are distinct from SNII, and two types
of SNII, the H and L events, which can occur only at [Fe/H]>-3. The H events
are of high frequency and produce dominantly heavy (A>130) r-elements but no Fe
(presumably leaving behind black holes). The L events are of low frequency and
produce Fe and dominantly light (A<130) r-elements (essentially none above Ba).
By using the observed abundances in two ultra-metal-poor stars and the solar
r-abundances, the initial or prompt inventory of elements produced by the first
generations of very massive stars and the yields of H and L events can be
determined. The abundances of a large number of elements in a star can then be
calculated from the model by using only the observed Eu and Fe abundances. To
match the model results and the observational data for stars with -3<[Fe/H]<-1
requires that the solar r-abundances for Sr, Y, Zr, and Ba must be
significantly increased from the standard values. Whether the solar
r-components of these elements used here to obtain a fit to the stellar data
can be reconciled with those obtained from solar abundances by subtracting the
s-components calculated from models is not clear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1964 </DOCNO>
On the Microscopic Spectra of the Massive Dirac Operator for Chiral


  Using Random Matrix Theory we set out to compute the microscopic correlators
of the Euclidean Dirac operator in four dimensions. In particular we consider:
the chiral Orthogonal Ensemble (chOE), corresponding to a Yang-Mills theory
with two colors and fermions in the fundamental representation, and the chiral
Symplectic Ensemble (chSE), corresponding to any number of colors and fermions
in the adjoint representation. In both cases we deal with an arbitrary number
of massive fermions. We use a recent method proposed by H. Widom for deriving
closed formulas for the scalar kernels from which all spectral correlation
functions of the chGOE and chGSE can be determined. Moreover, we obtain
complete analytic expressions of such correlators in the double microscopic
limit, extending previously known results of four-dimensional QCD at beta=1 and
beta=4 to the general case with N_f flavors, with arbitrary quark masses and
arbitrary topological charge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124394 </DOCNO>
Galactic Bulge Pixel Lensing Events


  Gould & DePoy proposed a pixel lensing survey towards the Galactic bulge
using a small aperture (~65 mm) camera with a large pixel size (10") detector
and deliberately degraded optics achieving 30" PSF. In this paper, we estimate
the event rate of this pixel lensing survey expected under various detection
criteria, which are characterized by the threshold signal-to-noise ratio,
(S/N)_{th}, and event duration, t_{dur,th}, and investigate the characteristics
of the detectable events. From this investigation, we find that the event rate
varies significantly in the range ~6/yr - 120/yr depending strongly on the
imposed detection criteria, implying that to maximize event detections it will
be essential to identify events by diligently inspecting light variations and
to promptly conduct followup observations for the identified events. Compared
to events detectable from classic lensing surveys, the events detectable from
the pixel lensing survey will generally involve brighter source stars and have
higher amplifications. For the pixel lensing events detectable under the
criteria of (S/N)_{th}=10 and t_{dur,th}=6 hr, we find that the baseline
brightness of source stars will be in average ~2 mag brighter than those of
classic lensing events and ~90% will have amplifications A> 20 and ~40% will be
extreme EMEs with A>200. Therefore, followup observations of the pixel lensing
events will provide high quality data, which enable one to precisely determine
the lensing parameters and obtain extra-information about the lenses and source
stars. Especially, high amplifications events with A>20 will be important
targets for high-efficiency planet detections and one can uniquely determine
the mass, distance, and transverse speed of individual lenses for EMEs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4199 </DOCNO>
Control of spin in quantum dots with non-Fermi liquid correlations


  Spin effects in the transport properties of a quantum dot with spin-charge
separation are investigated. It is found that the non-linear transport spectra
are dominated by spin dynamics. Strong spin polarization effects are observed
in a magnetic field. They can be controlled by varying gate and bias voltages.
Complete polarization is stable against interactions. When polarization is not
complete, it is power-law enhanced by non-Fermi liquid effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73254 </DOCNO>
A compendium of light-cone quantization


  For the purpose of consistent notation and easy reference the most important
relations in light-cone quantization are compiled from a recent review
(Brodsky, Pauli Pinsky, Physics Reports 301 (1998) 299), where all further
details and derivations can be found. Some further typos are removed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97462 </DOCNO>
On the trace of Hecke operators for Maass forms for congruence subgroups


  Let E_lambda be the Hilbert space spanned by the eigenfunctions of the
non-Euclidean Laplacian associated with a positive discrete eigenvalue lambda.
In this paper, the trace of Hecke operators T_n acting on the space E_lambda is
computed for Hecke congruence subgroups Gamma_0(N) of non-square free level.
This extends the computation of Conrey-Li [2], where only Hecke congruence
subgroups Gamma_0(N) of square free level N were considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168013 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous Bremsstrahlung in Scattering of an Electron by a Nucleus in


  We theoretically investigate nonresonant spontaneous bremsstrahlung in the
scattering of an electron by a nucleus in the field of two linearly polarized
light waves propagating in the same direction in the general relativistic case.
It is demonstrated that there are two substantially different kinematic ranges:
the noninterference range, where the Bunkin-Fedorov quantum parameters serve as
multiphoton parameters,and the interference range, where interference effects
become significant, and quantum interference parameters play the role of
multiphoton parameters. We determine the cross sections of electron-nucleus
spontaneous bremsstrahlung in these kinematic ranges. It is demonstrated that
the partial cross section in the interference range with emission (absorption)
of photons at combination frequencies may considerably exceed the corresponding
cross section for any other geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40964 </DOCNO>
Measurements of the rare decay K_{L} -> e^{+} e^{-} e^{+} e^{-}


  We observe 441 K_{L} -> e^{+} e^{-} e^{+} e^{-} candidate events with a
background of 4.2 events and measure B(K_{L} -> e^{+} e^{-} e^{+} e^{-}) =
(3.72 \pm 0.18(stat) \pm 0.23(syst)) \times 10^{-8} in the KTeV/E799II
experiment at Fermilab. Using the distribution of the angle between the planes
of the e^{+} e^{-} pairs, we measure the CP parameters beta_{CP} = -0.23 \pm
0.09(stat) \pm 0.02(syst) and gamma_{CP} = -0.09 \pm 0.09(stat) \pm 0.02(syst).
We also present the first detailed study of the e^{+} e^{-} invariant mass
spectrum in this decay mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 949 </DOCNO>
Devil's Staircase in Magnetoresistance of a Periodic Array of Scatterers


  The nonlinear response to an external electric field is studied for classical
non-interacting charged particles under the influence of a uniform magnetic
field, a periodic potential, and an effective friction force. We find numerical
and analytical evidence that the ratio of transversal to longitudinal
resistance forms a Devil's staircase. The staircase is attributed to the
dynamical phenomenon of mode-locking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5949 </DOCNO>
Exact stationary state of a staggered stochastic hopping model


  We determine the $N$-particle stationary states of a staggered stochastic
hopping model with reflective boundaries. It is shown that the stationary
states are in fact so-called optimum ground states. Recursion relations in the
particle number for any $l$-point density correlation function will be derived.
Furthermore, the connection between reflective boundaries and the occurrence of
optimum ground states is examined. An explicit counterexample shows that
reflective boundaries do not enforce the stationary state to be an optimum
ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3427 </DOCNO>
Distribution of the delay time and the dwell time for wave reflection


  We re-examine and correct an earlier derivation of the distribution of the
Wigner phase delay time for wave reflection from a long one-dimensional
disordered conductor treated in the continuum limit. We then numerically
compare the distributions of the Wigner phase delay time and the dwell time,
the latter being obtained by the use of an infinitesimal imaginary potential as
a clock, and investigate the effects of strong disorder and a periodic
(discrete) lattice background. We find that the two distributions coincide even
for strong disorder, but only for energies well away from the band-edges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83884 </DOCNO>
Competition and Globalization Brazilian Telecommunications Policy at


  The current pattern of competition in the Brazilian telecommunications market
was defined by a regulatory reform implemented in the second half of the
nineties. The telecommunications regulatory reform discussed in the paper
promoted the privatization of Telebras System and fostered competition in the
Brazilian market under the stricted supervision of the new regulator Anatel.
Notwithstanding, the regulatory Brazilian scheme is at a crossroads. From 2002
on an open market approach will be implemented in telecom arena. We analyse the
main aspects of those change, from the firms perspective and also in a broad
scenario under influence of the World Trade Organization system

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113727 </DOCNO>
Mechanical interpretation of the Klein-Gordon equation


  The substratum for physics can be seen microscopically as an ideal fluid
pierced in all directions by the straight vortex filaments. Small disturbances
of an isolated filament are considered. The Klein-Gordon equation without mass
corresponds to elastic stretching of the filament. The wave function has the
meaning of the curve's position vector. The mass part of the Klein-Gordon
equation describes the rotation of the helical curve about the screw axis due
to the hydrodynamic self-induction of the bent vortex filament.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98161 </DOCNO>
Rigged Hilbert Space Approach to the Schrodinger Equation


  It is shown that the natural framework for the solutions of any Schrodinger
equation whose spectrum has a continuous part is the Rigged Hilbert Space
rather than just the Hilbert space. The difficulties of using only the Hilbert
space to handle unbounded Schrodinger Hamiltonians whose spectrum has a
continuous part are disclosed. Those difficulties are overcome by using an
appropriate Rigged Hilbert Space (RHS). The RHS is able to associate an
eigenket to each energy in the spectrum of the Hamiltonian, regardless of
whether the energy belongs to the discrete or to the continuous part of the
spectrum. The collection of eigenkets corresponding to both discrete and
continuous spectra forms a basis system that can be used to expand any physical
wave function. Thus the RHS treats discrete energies (discrete spectrum) and
scattering energies (continuous spectrum) on the same footing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169011 </DOCNO>
Counterfactual Statements and Weak Measurements: an Experimental


  A recent analysis [quant-ph/0104062] suggests that weak measurements can be
used to give observational meaning to counterfactual reasoning in quantum
physics. A weak measurement is predicted to assign a negative unit population
to a specific state in an interferometric Gedankenexperiment proposed by Hardy.
We propose an experimental implementation with trapped ions of the
Gedankenexperiment and of the weak measurement. In our standard quantum
mechanical analysis of the proposal no states have negative population, but we
identify the registration of a negative population by particles being displaced
on average in the direction opposite to a force acting upon them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41578 </DOCNO>
The BTeV Vertex Trigger System


  The BTeV trigger system will be very ambitious, reconstructing almost all
tracks in real time at 15 million 2-TeV ${\bar p} p$ interactions per second.
The goal is substantially-increased sensitivity to rare effects in heavy-quark
physics over that of existing experiments. The evolution of our approach is
briefly summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72479 </DOCNO>
A Status Review of Inflationary Cosmology


  The first aim of this lecture is to highlight two areas of recent progress in
inflationary cosmology, namely reheating and the quantum theory of cosmological
perturbations. The second aim is to discuss important conceptual problems for
the current realizations of inflation based on fundamental scalar matter
fields, and to present some new approaches at solving these problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7241 </DOCNO>
Compact phases of polymers with hydrogen bonding


  We propose an off-lattice model for a self-avoiding homopolymer chain with
two different competing attractive interactions, mimicking the hydrophobic
effect and the hydrogen bond formation respectively. By means of Monte Carlo
simulations, we are able to trace out the complete phase diagram for different
values of the relative strength of the two competing interactions. For strong
enough hydrogen bonding, the ground state is a helical conformation, whereas
with decreasing hydrogen bonding strength, helices get eventually destabilized
at low temperature in favor of more compact conformations resembling
$\beta$-sheets appearing in native structures of proteins. For weaker hydrogen
bonding helices are not thermodynamically relevant anymore.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114418 </DOCNO>
Laboratory Modelling of the Earth Radiation Belt


  Method of the laboratory modeling of the Earth radiation belt is presented.
Method can be used for the estimation of consequences of global energetic and
communication projects realizations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74129 </DOCNO>
Higgs + 2 jets via gluon fusion


  Real emission corrections to gg -> H, which lead to H+2 jet events, are
calculated at order alpha_s^4. Contributions include top-quark triangles, boxes
and pentagon diagrams and are evaluated analytically for arbitrary top mass
m_t. This new source of H+2 jet events is compared to the weak-boson fusion
cross section for a range of Higgs boson masses. The heavy top-mass
approximation appears to work well for intermediate Higgs-boson masses,
provided that the transverse momenta of the final-state partons are smaller
than the top-quark mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97933 </DOCNO>
Non-commutative Integrability, Moment Map and Geodesic Flows


  The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between commutative
and non-commutative integrability of Hamiltonian systems and to construct new
examples of integrable geodesic flows on Riemannian manifolds. In particular,
we prove that the geodesic flow of the bi-invariant metric on any bi-quotient
of a compact Lie group is integrable in non-commutative sense by means of
polynomial integrals, and therefore, in classical commutative sense by means of
$C^\infty$--smooth integrals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125263 </DOCNO>
Nuclear astrophysics researches in an ion trap apparatus


  At low energies, far below Coulumb barrier, fusion nuclear reactions are very
sensitive to its shape, which is usually in experiments modified by atomic
electrons of targer or both projectile and target particles. This article
describes proposal on construction of an installation and measurements of
excitation functions for d(d,p)t reaction in the region 1.5<E_{cm}<12.0 keV for
3^He(d,p)4^He reaction in the region 6.5<E_{cm}<15.0 keV center of mass energy
in the conditions when the both beam and target particles would be in bare
nuclear states. The technology of Electron Beam Ion Sources and Traps can
provide such experimental conditions. Possibilities to study some other
reactions are also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1217 </DOCNO>
Sum rules and electrodynamics of high-Tc cuprates in the pseudogap state


  We explore connections between the electronic density of states (DOS) in a
conducting system and the frequency dependence of the scattering rate
$1/\tau(\omega)$ inferred from infrared spectroscopy. We show that changes in
the DOS upon the development of energy gaps can be reliably tracked through the
examination of the $1/\tau(\omega)$ spectra using the sum rules discussed in
the text. Applying this analysis to the charge dynamics in high-$T_c$ cuprates
we found radically different trends in the evolution of the DOS in the
pseudogap state and in the superconducting state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179571 </DOCNO>
Nuclear polarization in hydrogenlike $^{208}_{~82}$Pb$^{81+}$


  We calculate nuclear-polarization energy shifts for hydrogenlike
$^{208}_{~82}$Pb$^{81+}$. A retarded transverse part as well as the Coulomb
part is taken into account as the electromagnetic interaction between an
electron and the nucleus. With a finite charge distribution for the nuclear
ground state and the random-phase approximation to describe the nuclear
excitations, we obtain nuclear polarization energy of the $1s_{1/2}$ state as
--38.2 (--37.0) meV in the Feynman (Coulomb) gauge. For the $2s_{1/2}$,
$2p_{1/2}$ and $2p_{3/2}$ states, they are --6.7 (--6.4), --0.2 (--0.2) and
+0.0 (+0.0) meV, respectively. The seagull term in the two-photon exchange
diagrams is shown to be quite important to obtain the gauge invariance of the
nuclear polarization energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86193 </DOCNO>
Back-reaction of Quantum fields in an Einstein Universe


  We study the back-reaction effects of the finite-temperature scalar field and
the photon field in the background of an Einstein universe. In each case we
find a relation between the temperature of the universe and its radius. These
relations exhibit a minimum radius below which no self-consistent solution for
the Einstein field equation can be found. A maximum temperature marks the
transition from the vacuum dominated era to the radiation dominated era. An
interpretation to this behavior in terms of Bose-Einstein condensation in the
case of the scalar field is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84021 </DOCNO>
Data Access - Experiences Implementing an Object Oriented Library on


  Data Access will be the next generation data abstraction layer for EPICS. Its
implementation in C++ brought up a number of issues that are related to object
oriented technology's impact on CPU and memory usage.
  What is gained by the new abstract interface? What is the price that has to
be paid for these gains? What compromises seem applicable and affordable?
  This paper discusses tests that have been made about performance and memory
usage as well as the different measures that have been taken to optimize the
situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96374 </DOCNO>
Some surface subgroups survive surgery


  It is shown that with finitely many exceptions, the fundamental group
obtained by Dehn surgery on a one cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold contains the
fundamental group of a closed surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168186 </DOCNO>
Scattering in quantum tubes


  It is possible to fabricate mesoscopic structures where at least one of the
dimensions is of the order of de Broglie wavelength for cold electrons. By
using semiconductors, composed of more than one material combined with a metal
slip-gate, two-dimensional quantum tubes may be built. We present a method for
predicting the transmission of low-temperature electrons in such a tube. This
problem is mathematically related to the transmission of acoustic or
electromagnetic waves in a two-dimensional duct. The tube is asymptotically
straight with a constant cross-section. Propagation properties for complicated
tubes can be synthesised from corresponding results for more simple tubes by
the so-called Building Block Method. Conformal mapping techniques are then
applied to transform the simple tube with curvature and varying cross-section
to a straight, constant cross-section, tube with variable refractive index.
Stable formulations for the scattering operators in terms of ordinary
differential equations are formulated by wave splitting using an invariant
imbedding technique. The mathematical framework is also generalised to handle
tubes with edges, which are of large technical interest. The numerical method
consists of using a standard MATLAB ordinary differential equation solver for
the truncated reflection and transmission matrices in a Fourier sine basis. It
is proved that the numerical scheme converges with increasing truncation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83973 </DOCNO>
Nonorthogonal Polyhedra Built from Rectangles


  We prove that any polyhedron of genus zero or genus one built out of
rectangular faces must be an orthogonal polyhedron, but that there are
nonorthogonal polyhedra of genus seven all of whose faces are rectangles. This
leads to a resolution of a question posed by Biedl, Lubiw, and Sun [BLS99].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127264 </DOCNO>
Optical spectroscopy of isolated planetary mass objects in the sigma


  We have obtained low resolution optical spectra of 15 isolated planetary mass
objects (IPMOs) in the sigma Orionis cluster, and derived spectral types by
comparison with nearby M and L dwarfs. The spectral types are in the range late
M - mid L, in agreement with our expectations based on colors and magnitudes
for bona fide members. Therefore, most of these objects have masses below the
deuterium burning limit. About 2/3 show H(alpha) in emission at our spectral
resolution. From our spectroscopic and photometric data, we infer that three
IPMOs in this sample may be binaries with components of similar masses. These
results confirm that the substellar mass function of the sigma Orionis cluster,
in the form dN/dM, keeps rising in the planetary domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168784 </DOCNO>
Entanglement teleportation via Bell Mixture


  We investigate the teleportation of the bipartite entangled states through
two equally noisy quantum channels, namely mixture of Bell states. There is a
particular mixed state channel for which all pure entanglement in a known
Schmidt basis remain entangled after teleportation and it happens till the
channel state remains entangled. Werner state channel lacks both these
features. The relation of these noisy channels with violation of Bell's
inequality and 2-E inequality is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148090 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity and Spontaneously Broken Gauge Theories


  Comments on NC Abelian Higgs model withdrawn. An improved treatment of NC
U(2) adjoint models to appear elsewhere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75996 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos from the Annihilation or Decay of Superheavy Relic Dark Matter


  In light of the mounting evidence that the highest energy cosmic rays are
dominated by protons and not gamma-rays, we discuss the prospect that these
cosmic rays are generated in the decay or annihilation of superheavy relic
particles. We calculate the high energy neutrino spectrum which results and
normalize our results to the ultra-high energy cosmic ray spectrum. We show
that most scenerios are already constrained by present limits placed by the
AMANDA experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86441 </DOCNO>
Detecting a stochastic gravitational wave background with the Laser


  The random superposition of many weak sources will produce a stochastic
background of gravitational waves that may dominate the response of the LISA
(Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) gravitational wave observatory. Unless
something can be done to distinguish between a stochastic background and
detector noise, the two will combine to form an effective noise floor for the
detector. Two methods have been proposed to solve this problem. The first is to
cross-correlate the output of two independent interferometers. The second is an
ingenious scheme for monitoring the instrument noise by operating LISA as a
Sagnac interferometer. Here we derive the optimal orbital alignment for
cross-correlating a pair of LISA detectors, and provide the first analytic
derivation of the Sagnac sensitivity curve.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126737 </DOCNO>
Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect from halo rotation


  We discuss the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) contribution to cosmic
microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations due to coherent rotational
velocity component of electrons within halos. This effect produces a distinct
dipole-like temperature distribution across the the cluster, and provides a
promising way to measure the angular momentum distribution of gas inside
clusters. Information obtained from such a measurement may provide new insights
to the origin and evolution of angular momentum in hierarchical structure
formation theory. For typical, well relaxed, clusters of mass a few times
10$^{14}$ M$_{\sun}$, the peak fluctuation is of the order a few $\mu$K,
depending on the rotational velocity and the inclination angle of the
rotational axis. For clusters which had underwent a recent merger, the
contribution to temperature fluctuations could be even larger. This dipole
signature is similar to the one produced by lensed CMB towards galaxy clusters,
though the lensing contribution spans a larger angular extent than the one due
to rotational scattering as the former depends on the gradient of the cluster
potential. Since the lensing contribution towards clusters are aligned with the
large scale CMB gradient, when higher resolution observations towards clusters
are combined with a wide field CMB map, these two effects can be separated. An
additional, but less important, source of confusion is the dipolar pattern
produced by the moving-lens effect involving, again, the gradient of the
cluster potential and the transverse velocity. The angular power spectrum of
temperature anisotropies produced by the halo rotation is expected to be
smaller than those due to the thermal SZ and peculiar velocity kinetic SZ
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148042 </DOCNO>
Self-adjointness of the two-dimensional massless Dirac Hamiltonian and


  A massless spinor field is quantized in the background of a singular static
magnetic vortex in 2+1-dimensional space-time. The method of self-adjoint
extensions is employed to define the most general set of physically acceptable
boundary conditions at the location of the vortex. Under these conditions, all
effects of polarization of the massless fermionic vacuum in the vortex
background are determined. Absence of anomaly is demonstrated, and patterns of
both parity and chiral symmetry breaking are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97228 </DOCNO>
Having the H-space structure is not a generic property


  In this note, we answer in negative a question posed by McGibbon about the
generic property of H-space structure.
  In fact we verify the conjecture of Roitberg. Incidentally, the same example
also answers in negative the open problem 10 in McGibbon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124019 </DOCNO>
WFPC2 Images of the Central Regions of Early-Type Galaxies - I. The Data


  We present high resolution R-band images of the central regions of 67
early-type galaxies obtained with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2)
aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Our sample strikingly confirms the
complex morphologies of the central regions of early-type galaxies. In
particular, we detect dust in 43 percent of all galaxies, and evidence for
embedded stellar disks in a remarkably large fraction of 51 percent. In 14 of
those galaxies the disk-like structures are misaligned with the main galaxy,
suggesting that they correspond to stellar bars in S0 galaxies. We analyze the
luminosity profiles of the galaxies in our sample, and classify galaxies
according to their central cusp slope. To a large extent we confirm the clear
dichotomy found in previous HST surveys: bright, boxy ellipticals with shallow
inner cusps (`core' galaxies) on one hand and faint, disky ellipticals with
steep central cusps (`power-law' galaxies) on the other hand. The advantages
and shortcomings of classification schemes utilizing the extrapolated central
cusp slope are discussed, and it is shown that this cusp slope might be an
inadequate representation for galaxies whose luminosity profile slope changes
smoothly with radius rather than resembling a broken power-law. In fact, we
find evidence for an `intermediate' class of galaxies, that cannot
unambiguously be classified as either core or power-law galaxies, and which
have central cusp slopes and absolute magnitudes intermediate between those of
core and power-law galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148448 </DOCNO>
Quasitriangular WZW model


  A dynamical system is canonically associated to every Drinfeld double of any
affine Kac-Moody group. The choice of the affine Lu-Weinstein-Soibelman double
gives a smooth one-parameter deformation of the standard WZW model. In
particular, the worldsheet and the target of the classical version of the
deformed theory are the ordinary smooth manifolds. The quasitriangular WZW
model is exactly solvable and it admits the chiral decomposition.Its classical
action is not invariant with respect to the left and right action of the loop
group, however it satisfies the weaker condition of the Poisson-Lie symmetry.
The structure of the deformed WZW model is characterized by several ordinary
and dynamical r-matrices with spectral parameter. They describe the q-deformed
current algebras, they enter the definition of q-primary fields and they
characterize the quasitriangular exchange (braiding) relations. Remarkably, the
symplectic structure of the deformed chiral WZW theory is cocharacterized by
the same elliptic dynamical r-matrix that appears in the Bernard generalization
of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation, with q entering the modular parameter
of the Jacobi theta functions. This reveals a tantalizing connection between
the classical q-deformed WZW model and the quantum standard WZW theory on
elliptic curves and opens the way for the systematic use of the dynamical Hopf
algebroids in the rational q-conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129537 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Determining the Equation of State of the Dark Energy: What


  The dark energy that appears to produce the accelerating expansion of the
universe can be characterized by an equation of state p=w\rho with w<-1/3. A
number of observational tests have been proposed to study the value or redshift
dependence of w, including SN Ia distances, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect,
cluster abundances, strong and weak gravitational lensing, galaxy and quasar
clustering, galaxy ages, the \lya forest, and CMB anisotropies. The proposed
observational tests based on these phenomena measure either the
distance-redshift relation d(z), the Hubble parameter H(z), the age of the
universe t(z), the linear growth factor D_1(z), or some combination of these
quantities. We compute the evolution of these four observables, and of the
combination H(z)d(z) that enters the Alcock-Paczyznski anisotropy test, in
models with constant w, in quintessence models with some simple forms of the
potential V(\phi), and in toy models that allow more radical time variations of
w. Measurement of any of these quantities to precision of a few percent is
generally sufficient to discriminate between w=-1 and w=-2/3. However, the
time-dependence predicted in quintessence models is extremely difficult to
discern because the quintessence component is dynamically unimportant at the
redshifts where w departs substantially from its low-z value. Even for the toy
models that allow substantial changes in w at low redshift, there is always a
constant-w model that produces very similar evolution of all of the observables
simultaneously. We conclude that measurement of the effective equation of state
of the dark energy may be achieved by several independent routes in the next
few years, but that detecting time-variation in this equation of state will
prove very difficult except in specialized cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73305 </DOCNO>
$\etap K$ puzzle of B meson decays and new physics effects in the TC2


  Using the low energy effective Hamiltonian with the generalized
factorization, we calculate the new physics contributions to $B \to \pi^+
\pi^-, K \pi$ and $K \etap$ in the Topcolor-assisted-Technicolor(TC2) model,
and compare the results with the available data. By using $F_0^{{\rm
B\pi}}(0)=0.20\pm 0.04$ preferred by the CLEO data of $B \to \pi^+ \pi^-$
decay, we find that the new physics enhancements to $B \to K \etap$ decays are
significant in size, $\sim 50%$ with respect to the standard model predictions,
insensitive to the variations of input parameters and hence provide a simple
and plausible new physics interpretation for the observed unexpectedly large
$B\to K \etap$ decay rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168891 </DOCNO>
Evolution of an Atom Impeded by Measurement: The Quantum Zeno Effect


  A quantum system being observed evolves more slowly. This `'quantum Zeno
effect'' is reviewed with respect to a previous attempt of demonstration, and
to subsequent criticism of the significance of the findings. A recent
experiment on an {\it individual} cold trapped ion has been capable of
revealing the micro-state of this quantum system, such that the effect of
measurement is indeed discriminated from dephasing of the quantum state by
either the meter or the environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127111 </DOCNO>
Dark Synergy: Gravitational Lensing and the CMB


  Power spectra and cross-correlation measurements from the weak gravitational
lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the cosmic shearing of
faint galaxies images will help shed light on quantities hidden from the CMB
temperature anisotropies: the dark energy, the end of the dark ages, and the
inflationary gravitational wave amplitude. Even with modest surveys, both types
of lensing power spectra break CMB degeneracies and they can ultimately improve
constraints on the dark energy equation of state w by over an order of
magnitude. In its cross correlation with the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, CMB
lensing offers a unique opportunity for a more direct detection of the dark
energy and enables study of its clustering properties. By obtaining source
redshifts and cross-correlations with CMB lensing, cosmic shear surveys provide
tomographic handles on the evolution of clustering correspondingly better
precision on the dark energy equation of state and density. Both can indirectly
provide detections of the reionization optical depth and modest improvements in
gravitational wave constraints which we compare to more direct constraints.
Conversely, polarization B-mode contamination from CMB lensing, like any other
residual foreground, darkens the prospects for ultra-high precision on
gravitational waves through CMB polarization requiring large areas of sky for
statistical subtraction. To evaluate these effects we provide fitting formula
for the evolution and transfer function of the Newtonian gravitational
potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83648 </DOCNO>
Dijkstra's Self-Stabilizing Algorithm in Unsupportive Environments


  The first self-stabilizing algorithm [Dij73] assumed the existence of a
central daemon, that activates one processor at time to change state as a
function of its own state and the state of a neighbor. Subsequent research has
reconsidered this algorithm without the assumption of a central daemon, and
under different forms of communication, such as the model of link registers. In
all of these investigations, one common feature is the atomicity of
communication, whether by shared variables or read/write registers. This paper
weakens the atomicity assumptions for the communication model, proposing
versions of [Dij73] that tolerate various weaker forms of atomicity. First, a
solution for the case of regular registers is presented. Then the case of safe
registers is considered, with both negative and positive results presented. The
paper also presents an implementation of [Dij73] based on registers that have
probabilistically correct behavior, which requires a notion of weak
stabilization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2421 </DOCNO>
Diffusion Dynamics, Moments, and Distribution of First Passage Time on


  We study the kinetics of protein folding via statistical energy landscape
theory . In particular, we concentrate on the local-connectivity case, where
conformation change or transition can only happen between neighboring states
with folding progress described in terms of an order parameter given by
fraction of native conformation. Diffusion dynamics is analyzed in detail and
an expression for mean first passage time (MFPT) from non-native unfolded
states to native folded state is obtained. It was found that the MFPT has a
inverted bell-like curve dependent on the temperature. At high temperature, the
MFPT is longer due to the instability of the native folded state. At low
temperature, the MFPT is also longer due to the possible trapping into low
lying non-native folded states. We find that the MFPT is shorter when the ratio
of the spread of the folding energy landscape versus the energy gap is
increased. The fluctuation variance and higher-order moments are studied to
infer the distribution of the first passage time (FPT). At high temperature,
the distribution becomes close to a Poisson distribution, while at low
temperatures the distribution becomes close to the L\'evy distribution
developing fatty tails, indicating the rare event might give great
contribution. The intermittency phonomena or the non-self averaging character
of the folding dynamics emerges. The application of the results to single
molecule dynamics experiments, where a power law (L\'evy) distribution of
relaxation time of the underline protein energy landscape is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5390 </DOCNO>
Memory in 2D heap experiments


  The measurement of force distributions in sandpiles provides a useful way to
test concepts and models of the way forces propagate within noncohesive
granular materials. Recent theory by Bouchaud et al. implies that the internal
structure of a heap (and therefore the force pathway) is a strong function of
the construction history. In general, it is difficult to obtain information
that could test this idea from 3D granular experiments except at boundaries.
However, 2D systems, such as those used here, can yield information on forces
and particle arrangements in the interior of a sample. We obtain position and
force information through the use of photoelastic particles. These experiments
show that the history of the heap formation has a dramatic effect on the
arrangement of particles (texture) and a weaker but clear effect on the forces
within the sample. Specifically, heaps prepared by pouring from a point source
show strong anisotropy in the contact angle distribution. Depending on
additional details, they show a stress dip near the center. Heaps formed from a
broad source show relatively little contact angle anisotropy and no indication
of a stress dip.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179144 </DOCNO>
Isospin Effect on the Process of Multifragmentation and Dissipation at


  In the simulation of intermediate energy heavy ion collisions by using the
isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics, the isospin effect on the process
of multifragmentation and dissipation has been studied. It is found that the
multiplicity of intermediate mass fragments $N_{imf}$ for the neutron-poor
colliding system is always larger than that for the neutron-rich system, while
the quadrupole of single particle momentum distribution $Q_{zz}$ for the
neutron-poor colliding system is smaller than that of the neutron-rich system
for all projectile-target combinations studied at the beam energies from about
50MeV/nucleon to 150MeV/nucleon. Since $Q_{zz}$ depends strongly on isospin
dependence of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section and weakly on symmetry
potential at the above beam energies, it may serve as a good probe to extract
the information on the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section. The correlation
between the multiplicity $N_{imf}$ of intermediate mass fragments and the total
numer of charged particles $N_c$ has the behavior similar to $Q_{zz}$, which
can be used as a complementary probe to the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross
section.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126031 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton study of the ULIRG NGC 6240


  A recently performed XMM-Newton observation of the ULIRG NGC 6240 clearly
indicates the presence of an AGN contribution to its X-ray spectrum. In the 5.0
- 7.0 keV energy range there is a clear signature of the fluorescent Fe K lines
at 6.4, 6.7 and 6.9 keV, respectively.
 The line strength of the 6.4 keV line cannot be produced by a thermal
component. The 0.3 - 10.0 keV spectral energy distribution is characterized by
the following components: (I) two hot thermal components (the starburst), (II)
one direct component (heavily absorbed; AGN is hidden), (III) one reflection
component (the AGN), (IV) three narrow Fe lines. The model parameters for the
broad-band spectral energy distribution are consistent with the results of
previously works.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6946 </DOCNO>
Vortex phases


  These lecture notes are meant to provide a pedagogical introduction, and
present the latest theoretical and experimental developments on the physics of
vortices in type II superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124635 </DOCNO>
High Energy Neutrino Astronomy: Towards Kilometer-Scale Detectors


  Of all high-energy particles, only neutrinos can directly convey astronomical
information from the edge of the universe---and from deep inside the most
cataclysmic high-energy processes. Copiously produced in high-energy
collisions, travelling at the velocity of light, and not deflected by magnetic
fields, neutrinos meet the basic requirements for astronomy. Their unique
advantage arises from a fundamental property: they are affected only by the
weakest of nature's forces (but for gravity) and are therefore essentially
unabsorbed as they travel cosmological distances between their origin and us.
Many of the outstanding mysteries of astrophysics may be hidden from our sight
at all wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum because of absorption by
matter and radiation between us and the source. For example, the hot dense
regions that form the central engines of stars and galaxies are opaque to
photons. In other cases, such as supernova remnants, gamma ray bursters, and
active galaxies, all of which may involve compact objects or black holes at
their cores, the precise origin of the high-energy photons emerging from their
surface regions is uncertain. Therefore, data obtained through a variety of
observational windows---and especially through direct observations with
neutrinos---may be of cardinal importance. In this talk, the scientific goals
of high energy neutrino astronomy and the technical aspects of water and ice
Cherenkov detectors are examined, and future experimental possibilities,
including a kilometer-square deep ice neutrino telescope, are explored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129688 </DOCNO>
Modeling the Galactic Center Nonthermal Filaments as Magnetized Wake


  We simulate the Galactic Center nonthermal filaments as magnetized wakes
formed dynamically from amplification of a weak (tens of $\mu$G) global
magnetic field through the interaction of molecular clouds with a Galactic
Center wind. One of the key issues in this cometary model is the stability of
the filament against dynamical disruption. Here we show 2-dimensional MHD
simulations for interstellar conditions that are appropriate for the Galactic
Center. The structures eventually disrupt through a shear driven nonlinear
instability but maintain coherence for lengths up to 100 times their width as
observed. The final instability, which destroys the filament through shredding
and plasmoid formation, grows quickly in space (and time) and leads to an
abrupt end to the structure, in accord with observations. As a by-product, the
simulation shows that emission should peak well downstream from the cloud-wind
interaction site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75971 </DOCNO>
Possible Odderon discovery at HERA via charge asymmetry in the


  We discuss how the evasive Odderon signal can be enhanced by final state
interactions. We suggest the charge asymmetry of pion spectra in diffractive
pi+pi- photoproduction as a promising signature of the Odderon exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149043 </DOCNO>
Quantized hermitian superfields


  We analyse the algebras generated by free component quantum fields together
with the susy generators $Q,\bar Q$. Restricting to hermitian fields we first
construct the scalar field algebra from which various scalar superfields can be
obtained by exponentiation. Then we study the vector algebra and use it to
construct the vector superfield. Surprisingly enough, the result is totally
different from the vector multiplet in the literature. It contains two
hermitian four-vector components instead of one and a spin-3/2 field similar to
the gravitino in supergravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41760 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of the Double Spin Asymmetry in $\vec{e}\vec{p}\to e'


  The double spin asymmetry in the $\vec{e}\vec{p}\to e' \pi^+ n$ reaction has
been measured for the first time in the resonance region for four-momentum
transfer $Q^2=0.35-1.5$ GeV$^2$. Data were taken at Jefferson Lab with the CLAS
detector using a 2.6 GeV polarized electron beam incident on a polarized solid
NH$_3$ target. Comparison with predictions of phenomenological models shows
strong sensitivity to resonance contributions. Helicity-1/2 transitions are
found to be dominant in the second and third resonance regions. The measured
asymmetry is consistent with a faster rise with $Q^2$ of the helicity asymmetry
$A_1$ for the $F_{15}(1680)$ resonance than expected from the analysis of the
unpolarized data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124944 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution X-ray and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of the Complex


  We present the results from simultaneous observations of the Narrow-Line
Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating
Spectrometer and the HST Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. The X-ray
grating spectrum reveals absorption and emission lines from hydrogen-like and
helium-like ions of O, Ne, Mg and Si. We resolve two distinct X-ray absorption
systems: a high-velocity blueshifted system at -2340+/-130 km/s and a
low-velocity blueshifted system at -600+/-130 km/s. In the UV spectrum we
detect strong absorption, mainly from C IV, N V and Si IV, that is resolved
into as many as nine different intrinsic absorption systems with velocities
between -650 km/s and 30 km/s. Although the low-velocity X-ray absorption is
consistent in velocity with many of the UV absorption systems, the
high-velocity X-ray absorption seems to have no UV counterpart. In addition to
the absorption and emission lines, we also observe rapid X-ray variability and
a state of low X-ray flux during the last ~15 ks of the observation. NGC 4051
has a soft X-ray excess which we fit in both the high and low X-ray flux
states. The high-resolution X-ray spectrum directly reveals that the soft
excess is not composed of narrow emission lines and that it has significant
spectral curvature. A power-law model fails to fit it, while a blackbody
produces a nearly acceptable fit. We compare the observed spectral variability
with the results of previous studies of NGC 4051.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76388 </DOCNO>
An Holographic Cosmology


  We present a new cosmological model, based on the holographic principle,
which shares many of the virtues of inflation. The very earliest semiclassical
era of the universe is dominated by a dense gas of black holes, with equation
of state $p=\rho$. Fluctuations lead to an instability to a phase with a dilute
gas of black holes, which later decays via Hawking radiation to a radiation
dominated universe. The quantum fluctuations of the initial state give rise to
a scale invariant spectrum of density perturbations, for a range of scales. We
point out a problem, that appears to prevent the range of scales predicted by
the model from coinciding with the range where such a spectrum has been
observed. We speculate that this may be related to our field theoretic
treatment of fluctuations in the highly holographic $p=\rho$ background. The
monopole problem is solved in a manner completely different from inflationary
models, and a relic density of highly charged extremal black monopoles is
predicted. We discuss the nature of the entropy and flatness problems in our
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126312 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Spectra and redshifts


  The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) is designed to measure redshifts for
approximately 250000 galaxies. This paper describes the survey design, the
spectroscopic observations, the redshift measurements and the survey database.
The 2dFGRS uses the 2dF multi-fibre spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian
Telescope, which is capable of observing 400 objects simultaneously over a
2-degree diameter field. The source catalogue for the survey is a revised and
extended version of the APM galaxy catalogue, and the targets are galaxies with
extinction-corrected magnitudes brighter than b_J=19.45. The main survey
regions are two declination strips, one in the southern Galactic hemisphere
spanning 80deg x 15deg around the SGP, and the other in the northern Galactic
hemisphere spanning 75deg x 10deg along the celestial equator; in addition,
there are 99 fields spread over the southern Galactic cap. The survey covers
2000 sq.deg and has a median depth of z=0.11. Adaptive tiling is used to give a
highly uniform sampling rate of 93% over the whole survey region. Redshifts are
measured from spectra covering 3600A-8000A at a two-pixel resolution of 9.0A
and a median S/N of 13 per pixel. All redshift identifications are visually
checked and assigned a quality parameter Q in the range 1-5; Q>=3 redshifts are
98.4% reliable and have an rms uncertainty of 85 km/s. The overall redshift
completeness for Q>=3 redshifts is 91.8%, but this varies with magnitude from
99% for the brightest galaxies to 90% for objects at the survey limit. The
2dFGRS database is available on the WWW at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/2dFGRS

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168086 </DOCNO>
Irreversibility in asymptotic manipulations of entanglement


  We show that the process of entanglement distillation is irreversible by
showing that the entanglement cost of a bound entangled state is finite. Such
irreversibility remains even if extra pure entanglement is loaned to assist the
distillation process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126334 </DOCNO>
Formation of the Galactic stellar halo I. Structure and kinematics


  We perform numerical simulations for the formation of the Galactic stellar
halo, based on the currently favored cold dark matter (CDM) theory of galaxy
formation. Our numerical models, taking into account both dynamical and
chemical evolution processes in a consistent manner, are aimed at explaining
observed structure and kinematics of the stellar halo in the context of
hierarchical galaxy formation. The main results of the present simulations are
summarized as follows. (1) Basic physical processes involved in the formation
of the stellar halo, composed of metal-deficient stars with [Fe/H] $\le$ -1.0,
are described by both dissipative and dissipationless merging of subgalactic
clumps and their resultant tidal disruption in the course of gravitational
contraction of the Galaxy at high redshift ($z$ $>$ 1). (2) The simulated halo
has the density profile similar to the observed power-law form of $\rho (r)$
$\sim$ $r^{-3.5}$, and has also the similar metallicity distribution to the
observations. The halo virtually shows no radial gradient for stellar ages and
only small gradient for metallicities. (3) The dual nature of the halo, i.e.,
its inner flattened and outer spherical density distribution, is reproduced, at
least qualitatively, by the present model. The outer spherical halo is formed
via essentially dissipationless merging of small subgalactic clumps, whereas
the inner flattened one is formed via three different mechanisms, i.e.,
dissipative merging between larger, more massive clumps, adiabatic contraction
due to the growing Galactic disk, and gaseous accretion onto the equatorial
plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150307 </DOCNO>
Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Thermodynamics of Black Holes in de Sitter


  We continue the study of thermodynamics of black holes in de Sitter spaces.
In a previous paper (hep-th/0111093), we have shown that the entropy of
cosmological horizon in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution and topological de
Sitter solution can be expressed in a form of the Cardy-Verlinde formula, if
one adopts the prescription to compute the gravitational mass from data at
early or late time infinity of de Sitter space. However, this definition of
gravitational mass cannot give a similar expression like the Cardy-Verlinde
formula for the entropy associated with the horizon of black holes in de Sitter
spaces. In this paper, we first generalize the previous discussion to the case
of Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter and Kerr-de Sitter solutions. Furthermore, we
find that the entropy of black hole horizon can also be rewritten in terms of
the Cardy-Verlinde formula for these black holes in de Sitter spaces, if we use
the definition due to Abbott and Deser for conserved charges in asymptotically
de Sitter spaces. We discuss the implication of our result. In addition, we
give the first law of de Sitter black hole mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1070 </DOCNO>
Exact Conservation Laws of the Gradient Expanded Kadanoff-Baym Equations


  It is shown that the Kadanoff-Baym equations at consistent first-order
gradient approximation reveal exact rather than approximate conservation laws
related to global symmetries of the system. The conserved currents and
energy-momentum tensor coincide with corresponding Noether quantities in the
local approximation. These exact conservations are valid, provided a
Phi-derivable approximation is used to describe the system, and possible memory
effects in the collision term are also consistently evaluated up to first-order
gradients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149770 </DOCNO>
On non-abelian low energy effective action for D-branes


  Connection between the partition function for the 2D sigma model with
boundary pertubations and the low energy effective action for massless fields
from in the open string theory is discussed. In the non-abelian case with a
stack of $N$ D-branes, the terms up to the order of $\alpha'^3$ are found

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5725 </DOCNO>
Effect of lattice strain and defects on the superconductivity of MgB2


  The influence of lattice strain and Mg vacancies on the superconducting
properties of MgB2 samples has been investigated. High quality samples with
sharp superconducting transitions were synthesized. The variation in lattice
strain and Mg vacancy concentrations were obtained by varying the synthesis
conditions. It was found that high strain (~1%) and the presence of Mg
vacancies (~ 5 %) resulted in lowering the Tc by only 2 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129485 </DOCNO>
The Vela Pulsar Wind Nebula at 6cm


  Observations using the Australia Telescope Compact Array at a wavelength of 6
cm have uncovered the radio counterpart to the compact X-ray nebula surrounding
the Vela pulsar. Two lobes were found oriented about the spin axis of the
pulsar, starting at the edge of X-ray emission, they extend to three times the
size. The northern lobe has a bright, defined edge and an integrated flux of
0.14 Jy, while the southern lobe of 0.12 Jy is more diffuse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85750 </DOCNO>
Curvature invariants in algebraically special spacetimes


  It is well known that all curvature invariants of the order zero vanish for
type-III and type-N vacuum spacetimes. We briefly summarize properties of
higher order curvature invariants for these spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149665 </DOCNO>
D-branes in Nonabelian Orbifolds with Discrete Torsion


  We study IIB string theory on the orbifold R^8/Gamma with discrete torsion
where Gamma is an arbitrary subgroup of U(4). We extend some previously known
identities for discrete torsion in abelian groups to nonabelian groups. We
construct explicit formulas for a large class of fractional D-brane states and
prove that the physical states are classified by projective representations of
the orbifold group as predicted originally by Douglas. The boundary states are
found to be linear combinations of Ishibashi states with the coefficients being
characters of the projective representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3596 </DOCNO>
Breakdown of Migdal-Eliashberg theory in the infinite-dimensional


  We use Migdal--Eliashberg (ME) theory to compute spectral functions of the
half-filled Holstein model using Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT). We show
how ME theory predicts a bipolaron induced phase transition and analyse how the
theory breaks down close to this transition. Our results confirm recent claims
that ME theory is only accurate in the adiabatic limit for moderate and weak
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1084 </DOCNO>
On the Collective Behavior of Parametric Oscillators


  We revisit the mean field model of globally and harmonically coupled
parametric oscillators subject to periodic block pulses with initially random
phases. The phase diagram of regions of collective parametric instability is
presented, as is a detailed characterization of the motions underlying these
instabilities. This presentation includes regimes not identified in earlier
work [I. Bena and C. Van den Broeck, Europhys. Lett. {\bf 48}, 498 (1999)]. In
addition to the familiar parametric instability of individual oscillators, two
kinds of collective instabilities are identified. In one the mean amplitude
diverges monotonically while in the other the divergence is oscillatory. The
frequencies of collective oscillatory instabilities in general bear no simple
relation to the eigenfrequencies of the individual oscillators nor to the
frequency of the external modulation. Numerical simulations show that systems
with only nearest neighbor coupling have collective instabilities similar to
those of the mean field model. Many of the mean field results are already
apparent in a simple dimer [M. Copelli and K. Lindenberg, to appear in Phys.
Rev. E].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128189 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Rays as Probes for the Multi-Dimensionality of Type Ia Supernovae


  We present $\gamma $-ray spectra for a set of Type Ia supernovae models. Our
study is based on a detailed Monte Carlo transport scheme for both spherical
and full 3-D geometries. Classical and new challenges of the $\gamma $ ray
astronomy are addressed. We find that $\gamma $-rays are very suitable to
reveal the structure of the envelope and, thus, they allow to probe properties
of the nuclear burning front and the progenitor, namely its central density and
global asphericities. The potential problems are discussed for the quantitative
comparison between theoretical and observed line fluxes during the first few
months after the explosion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96304 </DOCNO>
Quantum product on the big phase space and the Virasoro conjecture


  We first study the quantum product on the big phase space defined by
gravitational Gromov-Witten invariants. We then use this product to give an
interpretation for various topological recursion relations and also use it to
study the Virasoro conjecture proposed by Eguchi-Hori-Xiong and Katz. We will
give a recursive formulation to the Virasoro conjecture and study properties of
relevent vector fields, which will be useful in proving and applying the
Virasoro conjecture for all genera. In the genus-2 case, we will prove that the
genus-2 Virasoro conjecture can be reduced to the $L_{1}$ constraint for any
manifold. In the case when the quantum cohomology of the underlying manifold is
not too degenerate (in particular, is semisimple) we will prove an explicit
formula expressing the generating function of genus-2 Gromov-Witten invariants
in terms of genus-0 and genus-1 data. This result reduces the genus-2 Virasoro
conjecture to a genus-1 problem for such manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174803 </DOCNO>
Spin-Momentum Correlations in Quasi-Elastic Electron Scattering from


  We report on a measurement of spin-momentum correlations in quasi-elastic
scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons with an energy of 720 MeV from
vector-polarized deuterium. The spin correlation parameter $A^V_{ed}$ was
measured for the $^2 \vec{\rm H}(\vec e,e^\prime p)n$ reaction for missing
momenta up to 350 MeV/$c$ at a four-momentum transfer squared of 0.21
(GeV/c)$^2$. The data give detailed information about the spin structure of the
deuteron, and are in good agreement with the predictions of microscopic
calculations based on realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials and including
various spin-dependent reaction mechanism effects. The experiment demonstrates
in a most direct manner the effects of the D-state in the deuteron ground-state
wave function and shows the importance of isobar configurations for this
reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150093 </DOCNO>
Application of symbol-operator technique for effective action


  In the present talk we briefly demonstrate an elegant and effective technique
for calculation of the trace expansion in the derivatives of background fields.
One of main advantages of the technique is manifestly (super)symmetrical and
gauge invariant form of expressions on all stages of calculations. Other
advantage is the universality of the calculation method. Some particular
examples and results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179543 </DOCNO>
Extension of random-phase approximation preserving energy weighted sum


  A limitation common to all extensions of random-phase approximation including
only particle-hole configurations is that they violate to some extent the
energy weighted sum rules. Considering one such extension, the improved RPA
(IRPA), already used to study the electronic properties of metallic clusters,
we show how it can be generalized in order to eliminate this drawback. This is
achieved by enlarging the configuration space, including also elementary
excitations corresponding to the annihilation of a particle (hole) and the
creation of another particle (hole) on the correlated ground state. The
approach is tested within a solvable 3-level model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129176 </DOCNO>
Dark matter halos around elliptical galaxies: how reliable is the


  Hierarchical models of galaxy formation and various observational evidence
suggest that elliptical galaxies are, like disk galaxies, embedded in massive
dark matter halos. Stellar kinematics are considered the most important tracer
for this dark halo at a few effective radii. Using detailed modeling
techniques, several authors have recently presented stellar kinematical
evidence of a dark halo for a number of elliptical galaxies. In these modeling
techniques, dust attenuation (absorption and scattering of starlight by dust
grains) has not been taken into account. Nevertheless, elliptical galaxies
contain a significant amount of interstellar dust, which affects all observable
quantities, including the observed kinematics. We constructed a set of
dynamical models for elliptical galaxies, in which dust attenuation is included
through a Monte Carlo technique. We find that a dust component, shallower than
the stellar distribution and with an optical depth of order unity, affects the
observed kinematics significantly, in the way that it mimics the presence of a
dark halo. If such dust distributions are realistic in elliptical galaxies, we
are faced with a new mass-dust degeneracy. Taking dust into account in
dynamical modeling procedures will hence reduce or may even eliminate the need
for a dark matter halo at a few effective radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3791 </DOCNO>
Fragility of the spin-glass-like collective state to a magnetic field in


  The effect of applied magnetic fields on the collective nonequilibrium
dynamics of a strongly interacting Fe-C nanoparticle system has been
investigated. It is experimentally shown that the magnetic aging diminishes to
finally disappear for fields of moderate strength. The field needed to remove
the observable aging behavior increases with decreasing temperature. The same
qualitative behavior is observed in an amorphous metallic spin glass
(Fe_{0.15}Ni_{0.85})_{75}P_{16}B_6Al_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97450 </DOCNO>
Diagonals in Tensor Products of Operator Algebras


  In this paper we give a short, direct proof, using only properties of the
Haagerup tensor product, that if an operator algebra A possesses a diagonal in
the Haagerup tensor product of A with itself, then A must be isomorphic to a
finite dimensional $C^*$-algebra. Consequently, for operator algebras, the
first Hochschild cohomology group, $H^1(A,X) = 0$ for every bounded, Banach
A-bimodule X, if and only if A is isomorphic to a finite dimensional
$C^*$-algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41400 </DOCNO>
Cerenkov Particle Identification in FOCUS


  We describe the algorithm used to identify charged tracks in the fixed-target
charm-photoproduction experiment FOCUS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76322 </DOCNO>
Testing the Standard Model at the Fermilab Tevatron


  In this note we study the prospect of high-precision measurements of W boson
mass, top quark mass, and forward-backward asymmetry in Z->ee decays and the
search for the Higgs boson during Run 2 to challenge the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128095 </DOCNO>
Unusual diffuse X-ray source in the Galactic center region


  We report the ASCA and Chandra discovery of a diffuse X-ray source in the
Galactic center region. The X-ray spectrum is fitted with a non-equilibrium
ionization (NEI) plasma model of about 6-keV temperature. The model requires
higher than solar metal abundances, a young plasma age of $\simeq$ 100 years
and a large N_H value of about 10^{23} cm^{-2}. The N_H value constrains the
source position to be in the Galactic center region at about 8.5 kpc distance.
The high resolution X-ray image with the Chandra ACIS shows a ring of 10''
radius which corresponds to 0.4 pc at the Galactic center, and a tail-like
structure. Although the morphology is peculiar, the other X-ray features are
likely to be a very young supernova remnant, possibly in a free expansion
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81483 </DOCNO>
Improved Pseudofermion Approach for All-Point Propagators


  Quark propagators with arbitrary sources and sinks can be obtained more
efficiently using a pseudofermion method with a mode-shifted action.
Mode-shifting solves the problem of critical slowing down (for light quarks)
induced by low eigenmodes of the Dirac operator. The method allows the full
physical content of every gauge configuration to be extracted, and should be
especially helpful for unquenched QCD calculations. The method can be applied
for all the conventional quark actions: Wilson, Sheikoleslami-Wohlert,
Kogut-Susskind, as well as Ginsparg-Wilson compliant overlap actions. The
statistical properties of the method are examined and examples of physical
processes under study are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149673 </DOCNO>
N-fold Supersymmetry in Quantum Mechanics - Analyses of Particular


  We investigate particular models which can be N-fold supersymmetric at
specific values of a parameter in the Hamiltonians. The models to be
investigated are a periodic potential and a parity-symmetric sextic triple-well
potential. Through the quantitative analyses on the non-perturbative
contributions to the spectra by the use of the valley method, we show how the
characteristic features of N-fold supersymmetry which have been previously
reported by the authors can be observed. We also clarify the difference between
quasi-exactly solvable and quasi-perturbatively solvable case in view of the
dynamical property, that is, dynamical N-fold supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75689 </DOCNO>
Confronting Heavy Tau Neutrinos with Neutrino Oscillations


  If the tau neutrino is as heavy as 10 MeV which may have certain
astrophysical implications, the neutrino mass pattern is studied so as to
accommodate the new oscillation observations. It predicts that the electron
neutrino has Marjorana mass around 0.05 eV. A supersymmetric model is described
to realize the above scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87050 </DOCNO>
Generalized Weyl Solutions


  It was shown by Weyl that the general static axisymmetric solution of the
vacuum Einstein equations in four dimensions is given in terms of a single
axisymmetric solution of the Laplace equation in three-dimensional flat space.
Weyl's construction is generalized here to arbitrary dimension $D\ge 4$. The
general solution of the D-dimensional vacuum Einstein equations that admits D-2
orthogonal commuting non-null Killing vector fields is given either in terms of
D-3 independent axisymmetric solutions of Laplace's equation in
three-dimensional flat space or by D-4 independent solutions of Laplace's
equation in two-dimensional flat space. Explicit examples of new solutions are
given. These include a five-dimensional asymptotically flat ``black ring'' with
an event horizon of topology S^1 x S^2 held in equilibrium by a conical
singularity in the form of a disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124664 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Jet Response to Precession and Wave-Wave Interactions


  Three dimensional numerical simulations of the response of a Lorentz factor
2.5 relativistic jet to precession at three different frequencies have been
performed. Low, moderate and high precession frequencies have been chosen
relative to the maximally unstable frequency predicted by a Kelvin-Helmholtz
stability analysis. Transverse motion and velocity decreases as the precession
frequency increases. Although helical displacement of the jet decreases in
amplitude as the precession frequency increases, a helical shock is generated
in the medium external to the jet at all precession frequencies. Complex
pressure and velocity structure inside the jet is shown to be produced by a
combination of the helical surface and first body modes predicted by a normal
mode analysis of the relativistic hydrodynamic equations. The surface and first
body mode have different wave speed and wavelength, are launched in phase by
the periodic precession, and exhibit beat patterns in synthetic emission
images. Wave (pattern) speeds range from $0.41c$ to $0.86c$ but beat patterns
remain stationary. Thus, we find a mechanism that can produce differentially
moving and stationary features in the jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 933 </DOCNO>
A Microscopic Model for Packet Transport in the Internet


  A microscopic description of packet transport in the Internet by using a
simple cellular automaton model is presented. A generalised exclusion process
is introduced which allows to study travel times of the particles ('data
packets') along a fixed path in the network. Computer simulations reveal the
appearance of a free flow and a jammed phase separated by a (critical)
transition regime. The power spectra are compared to empirical data for the RTT
(Round Trip Time) obtained from measurements in the Internet. We find that the
model is able to reproduce the characteristic statistical behaviour in
agreement with the empirical data for both phases (free flow and congested).
The phases are therefore jamming properties and not related to the structure of
the network. Moreover the model shows, as observed in reality, critical
behaviour (1/f-noise) for paths with critical load.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3730 </DOCNO>
Gaussian Process Regression with Mismatched Models


  Learning curves for Gaussian process regression are well understood when the
`student' model happens to match the `teacher' (true data generation process).
I derive approximations to the learning curves for the more generic case of
mismatched models, and find very rich behaviour: For large input space
dimensionality, where the results become exact, there are universal
(student-independent) plateaux in the learning curve, with transitions in
between that can exhibit arbitrarily many over-fitting maxima. In lower
dimensions, plateaux also appear, and the asymptotic decay of the learning
curve becomes strongly student-dependent. All predictions are confirmed by
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168601 </DOCNO>
On twin observables in entangled mixed states


  It is pointed out that every mixed state statistical operator is, up to a
normalization constant, a super state vector in the Hilbert space of linear
Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting in the state space of the quantum system.
Hence, the well understood Schmidt canonical expansion of ordinary state
vectors can be carried over to mixed states. In particular, it can be utilized
for evaluating all the twins, i. e., the opposite-subsystem observables the
measurement of one of which is, on account of entanglement, ipso facto also a
measurement of the other. This is illustrated in full detail in the case of the
Horodecki two spin-one-half-particle states with maximally disordered
subsystems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179685 </DOCNO>
Nucleon-Nucleon Correlations in Electromagnetically Induced Knockout


  The attempts to investigate correlations in electromagnetically induced one-
and two-nucleon knockout are reviewed. The theoretical framework for cross
section calculations is outlined and some results are presented for the
exclusive $^{16}$O($e,e'p)^{15}$N and $^{16}$O($e,e'pp)^{14}$C reactions. For
the ($e,e'p$) reaction attention is focussed on extracting the spectroscopic
factors. For the ($e,e'pp$) reaction the possibility of obtaining direct and
clear information on short-range correlations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168763 </DOCNO>
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for many qudits


  We construct GHZ contradictions for three or more parties sharing an
entangled state, the dimension d of each subsystem being an even integer
greater than 2. The simplest example that goes beyond the standard GHZ paradox
(three qubits) involves five ququats (d=4). We then examine the criteria a GHZ
paradox must satisfy in order to be genuinely M-partite and d-dimensional.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96414 </DOCNO>
Nambu-Poisson manifolds and associated n-ary Lie algebroids


  We introduce an n-ary Lie algebroid canonically associated with a
Nambu-Poisson manifold. We also prove that every Nambu-Poisson bracket defined
on functions is induced by some differential operator on the exterior algebra,
and characterize such operators. Some physical examples are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96104 </DOCNO>
A Study of Two-/One-form Superfields


  We study two supersymmetric toy models of a k-form superfield, k=2,1
separately. By ``solving'' Jacobi identities, we show that each model is
completely solvable at off-shell level, possesses a severely constrained
kinematics, and gives a rigid representation of the supersymmetry algebra. This
study of the toy models is motivated by our reanalysis on supersymmetry
algebras in gauge theories where we discuss internal symmetry generators
carrying spacetime/spinor indices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3260 </DOCNO>
Pairing in the spin sector


  The nanometer-scale gap inhomogeneity revealed by recent STM images of BSCCO
surface suggests that the ``gap coherence length'' is of that order. Thus a
robust pairing gap can develop despite the poorly screened Coulomb interaction.
This can be taken as an evidence that the pairing in high $T_c$ materials
occurs primarily in the neutral (spin) sector. We provide theoretical support
for this point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129706 </DOCNO>
LOTIS, Super-LOTIS, SDSS and Tautenburg Observations of GRB 010921


  We present multi-instrument optical observations of the High Energy Transient
Explorer (HETE-2)/Interplanetary Network (IPN) error box of GRB 010921. This
event was the first gamma ray burst (GRB) localized by HETE-2 which has
resulted in the detection of an optical afterglow. In this paper we report the
earliest known observations of the GRB010921 field, taken with the 0.11-m
Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System (LOTIS) telescope, and the earliest
known detection of the GRB010921 optical afterglow, using the 0.5-m Sloan
Digital Sky Survey Photometric Telescope (SDSS PT). Observations with the LOTIS
telescope began during a routine sky patrol 52 minutes after the burst.
Observations were made with the SDSS PT, the 0.6-m Super-LOTIS telescope, and
the 1.34-m Tautenburg Schmidt telescope at 21.3, 21.8, and 37.5 hours after the
GRB, respectively. In addition, the host galaxy was observed with the USNOFS
1.0-m telescope 56 days after the burst. We find that at later times (t > 1 day
after the burst), the optical afterglow exhibited a power-law decline with a
slope of $\alpha = 1.75 \pm 0.28$. However, our earliest observations show that
this power-law decline can not have extended to early times (t < 0.035 day).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174865 </DOCNO>
Analyzing power of the ${\vec p}p \to pp{\pi}^0$ reaction at beam energy


  The analyzing power of ${\vec p}p\to pp{\pi}^0$ reaction has been measured at
the beam energy of 390 MeV. The missing mass technique of final protons has
been applied to identify the $\pi^0$ production event. The dependences of the
analyzing power on the pion emission-angle and the relative momentum of the
protons have beenobtained. The angular dependence could be decomposed by the
Legendre polynomial and the relative contribution of the $P_{21}$ to $P_{11}$
function is less than 20%. The P-state amplitude is found to be the dominant
component of the $\pi$ production near the threshold. The momentum dependence
of the analyzing power has been studied to obtain the information about the
pion production mechanism. It has been deduced that the pion production due to
the long range interaction plays an important role in the momentum dependence
of the P-state amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81134 </DOCNO>
Does the XY Model have an integrable continuum limit?


  The quantum field theory describing the massive O(2) nonlinear sigma-model is
investigated through two non-perturbative constructions: The form factor
bootstrap based on integrability and the lattice formulation as the XY model.
The S-matrix, the spin and current two-point functions, as well as the 4-point
coupling are computed and critically compared in both constructions. On the
bootstrap side a new parafermionic super selection sector is found; in the
lattice theory a recent prediction for the (logarithmic) decay of lattice
artifacts is probed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4679 </DOCNO>
Theory of Raman Scattering from Orbital Excitations in Manganese Oxides


  We present a theory of the Raman scattering from the orbital wave excitations
in manganese oxides. Two excitation processes of the Raman scattering are
proposed. The Raman scattering cross section is formulated by using the
pseudospin operator for orbital degree of freedom in a Mn ion. The Raman
spectra from the orbital wave excitations are calculated and their implications
in the recent experimental results reported in LaMnO$_3$ are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77050 </DOCNO>
From Regge Behavior to DGLAP Evolution


  We study the interface between Regge behavior and DGLAP evolution in a
non-perturbative model for the nucleon structure function based on a multipole
pomeron exchange. This model provides the input for a subsequent DGLAP
evolution that we calculate numerically. The soft input and its evolution give
a good fit to the experimental data in the whole available range of x and Q^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95587 </DOCNO>
Foliation by graphs of CR mappings and a nonlinear Riemann-Hilbert


  Let S be a generic C-infinity smooth CR manifold in C^n, n > 1, and let M be
a generic C-infinity CR submanifold of S X C^m. We prescribe conditions on M so
that it is the disjoint union of graphs of CR maps f:S-->C^m. We also consider
the special case where S is the boundary of a bounded, smoothly bounded open
set D in C^n, n > 1. In this case we obtain conditions which guarantee that
such an f above extends to be analytic on D. This provides a solution to a
particular nonlinear Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problem for analytic
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5765 </DOCNO>
Localization corrections and small-q phonon-mediated unconventional


  Taking into account the first localization corrections in the
electron-impurity self-energy we study the effect of non-magnetic impurities on
unconventional superconductivity (SC) mediated by small-q electron-phonon
scattering. We show that when van Hove singularities are close to the Fermi
level making the electronic system anisotropic as in the high-$T_c$ oxides,
both the d-wave and s-wave states are sensitive to non-magnetic impurities and
beyond a critical impurity concentration SC disappears in {\it both gap
symmetry channels}. Impurity doping may induce a first order transition from
d-wave to s-wave SC, but no saturation of the impuruty effect is reported due
to the intrinsically anisotropic character of the localization corrections in
this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98927 </DOCNO>
Differential geometry of the q-quaternion


  Differential calculus on the quantum quaternionic group GL(1,H$_q$) is
introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87006 </DOCNO>
Probing neutron star superfluidity with gravitational-wave data


  We discuss the possibility that future gravitational-wave detectors may be
able to detect various modes of oscillation of old, cold neutron stars. We
argue that such detections would provide unique insights into the superfluid
nature of neutron star cores, and could also lead to a much improved
understanding of pulsar glitches. Our estimates are based on a detector
configuration with several narrowbanded (cryogenic) interferometers operating
as a "xylophone" which could lead to high sensitivity at high frequencies. We
also draw on recent advances in our understanding of the dynamics of pulsating
superfluid neutron star cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128247 </DOCNO>
The optically-powerful quasar E1821+643 is associated with a 300-kpc


  We present a deep image of the optically-powerful quasar E1821+643 at 18cm
made with the Very Large Array (VLA). This image reveals radio emission, over
280 kpc in extent, elongated way beyond the quasar's host galaxy. Its radio
structure has decreasing surface brightness with increasing distance from the
bright core, characteristic of FRI sources (Fanaroff & Riley 1974). Its radio
luminosity at 5GHz falls in the classification for `radio-quiet' quasars (it is
only 10^23.9 W/Hz/sr; see e.g. Kellermann et al 1994). Its radio luminosity at
151MHz (which is 10^25.3 W/Hz/sr) is at the transition luminosity observed to
separate FRIs and FRIIs. Hitherto, no optically-powerful quasar had been found
to have a conventional FRI radio structure. For searches at low-frequency this
is unsurprising given current sensitivity and plausible radio spectral indices
for radio-quiet quasars. We demonstrate the inevitability of the extent of any
FRqI radio structures being seriously under-estimated by existing targetted
follow-up observations of other optically-selected quasars, which are typically
short exposures of z > 0.3 objects, and discuss the implications for the
purported radio bimodality in quasars.
  The nature of the inner arcsec-scale jet in E1821+643, together with its
large-scale radio structure, suggest that the jet-axis in this quasar is
precessing (cf. Galactic jet sources such as SS433). A possible explanation for
this is that its central engine is a binary whose black holes have yet to
coalesce. The ubiquity of precession in `radio-quiet' quasars, perhaps as a
means of reducing the observable radio luminosity expected in highly-accreting
systems, remains to be established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95597 </DOCNO>
Koszul Duality for modules over Lie algebra


  Let $g$ be a reductive Lie algebra over a field of characteristic zero.
Suppose $g$ acts on a complex of vector spaces $M$ by $i_\lambda$ and
$L_\lambda$, which satisfy the identities as contraction and Lie derivative do
for smooth differential forms. Out of this data one defines cohomology of the
invariants and equivariant cohomology of $M$. We establish Koszul duality
between each other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128178 </DOCNO>
Photon Folding for Imaging in Non-Focusing Telescopes


  We present a new technique - photon folding - for imaging in non-focusing
telescopes. Motivated by the epoch-folding method in timing analysis, the
photon folding technique directly provides the statistical significance of
signals in images, using projection matrices. The technique is very robust
against common imaging problems such as aspect errors and non-uniform
background. The technique provides a deterministic recursive algorithm for
improving images, which can be implemented on-line. Higher-order photon folding
technique allows a systematic correction for coding noises, which is suitable
for studying weak sources in the presence of highly variable strong sources.
The technique can be applied to various types of non-focusing telescopes such
as coded-aperture optics, rotational collimators or Fourier grid telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2366 </DOCNO>
Energy landscapes, lowest gaps, and susceptibility of elastic manifolds


  We study the effect of an external field on (1+1) and (2+1) dimensional
elastic manifolds, at zero temperature and with random bond disorder. Due to
the glassy energy landscape the configuration of a manifold changes often in
abrupt, ``first order'' -type of large jumps when the field is applied. First
the scaling behavior of the energy gap between the global energy minimum and
the next lowest minimum of the manifold is considered, by employing exact
ground state calculations and an extreme statistics argument. The scaling has a
logarithmic prefactor originating from the number of the minima in the
landscape, and reads $\Delta E_1 \sim L^\theta [\ln(L_z L^{-\zeta})]^{-1/2}$,
where $\zeta$ is the roughness exponent and $\theta$ is the energy fluctuation
exponent of the manifold, $L$ is the linear size of the manifold, and $L_z$ is
the system height. The gap scaling is extended to the case of a finite external
field and yields for the susceptibility of the manifolds $\chi_{tot} \sim
L^{2D+1-\theta} [(1-\zeta)\ln(L)]^{1/2}$. We also present a mean field argument
for the finite size scaling of the first jump field, $h_1 \sim L^{d-\theta}$.
The implications to wetting in random systems, to finite-temperature behavior
and the relation to Kardar-Parisi-Zhang non-equilibrium surface growth are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123529 </DOCNO>
Kinematic Projecting of Pulsar Profiles


  We suggest a technique for construction of profiles of incoherent pulsar
emission using instantaneous angular distribution indicatrix of radiation from
relativistic source moving in the neutron star magnetosphere. In the general
case the indicatrix depends on the kinematic parameters of radiation source
such as velocity and acceleration. The method is illustrated by calculation of
the profiles of pulsar radiation based on synchrotron radiation indicatrix.
This technique can be easily generalized for the case of other types of
relativistic particles radiation. The considered profiles are compared with
observed ones. A good agreement was found with profiles of gamma-pulsars -
Geminga, Crab and Vela.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86660 </DOCNO>
Clasical solids dynamics as 4D statics of elastic strings


  Variational principle for a solid in classical mechanics is formulated in
terms of a thin elastic 4D bar strain in Minkowsky events space of special
relativity. It is shown, that the sum of elastic 4-energies of weak twist and
bending under some identifications takes the form of classical non-relativistic
action for a solids dynamics. The necessary conditions on 4D bar parameters and
elastic constants, providing validity of Newton mechanics, are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4005 </DOCNO>
Density response of cuprates and renormalization of breathing phonons


  We analyse the dynamical density fluctuation spectra for cuprates starting
from the $t-J$ model in a slave-boson 1/N representation. The results obtained
are consistent with diagonalization studies and show novel low-energy structure
on the energy scale $J+\delta t$ due to the correlated motion of holes in a RVB
spin liquid. The low-energy response implies an anomalous renormalization of
several phonon modes. Here we discuss the renormalization of the highest
breathing phonons in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72923 </DOCNO>
Crossing and Radon Tomography for Generalized Parton Distributions


  The crossing properties of the matrix elements of non-local operators,
parameterized by Generalized Parton Distribution, are considered. They are
especially simple in terms of the Double Distributions which are common for the
various kinematical regions. As a result, Double Distributions may be in
principle extracted from the combined data in these regions by making use of
the inverse Radon transform, known as a standard method in tomography. The
ambiguities analogous to the ones for the vetor potential in the
two-dimensional magneto-statics are outlined. The possible generalizations are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41736 </DOCNO>
Charm Lifetimes and Mixing


  A review of the latest results on charm lifetimes and D-mixing is presented.
The e+e- collider experiments are now able to measure charm lifetimes quite
precisely, however comparisons with the latest results from fixed-target
experiments show that possible systematic effects could be evident. The new
D-mixing results from the B-factories have changed the picture that is
emerging. Although the new world averaged value of y_CP is now consistent with
zero, there is still a very interesting and favoured scenario if the strong
phase difference between the Doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed and the
Cabibbo-flavoured D0 -> Kpi decay is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3676 </DOCNO>
Modeles avec particules dures, animaux diriges et series en variables


  We give a systematic presentation of relations between lattice gas models
with hard-core interactions, enumeration of directed-site animals, and the
algebra of formal power-series in the partially commutative case, along the
work of X.G.Viennot. We present a complete and simplified solution, using this
algebra, of the directed animals enumeration problem in two dimensions,
including a fast program for random generation of such animals (with uniform
distribution) and images produced by this program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 745 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of a random-anisotropy mixed-spin Ising model


  We investigate the phase diagram of a mixed spin-1/2--spin-1 Ising system in
the presence of quenched disordered anisotropy. We carry out a mean-field and a
standard self-consistent Bethe--Peierls calculation. Depending on the amount of
disorder, there appear novel transition lines and multicritical points. Also,
we report some connections with a percolation problem and an exact result in
one dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4667 </DOCNO>
Quantum dots in suspended single-wall carbon nanotubes


  We present a simple technique which uses a self-aligned oxide etch to suspend
individual single-wall carbon nanotubes between metallic electrodes. This
enables one to compare the properties of a particular nanotube before and after
suspension, as well as to study transport in suspended tubes. As an example of
the utility of the technique, we study quantum dots in suspended tubes, finding
that their capacitances are reduced owing to the removal of the dielectric
substrate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6119 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic strains, metal-insulator transition, and magnetoresistance


  Thin films of perovskite manganite La$_{0.7}$Ca$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$ were grown
epitaxially on various substrates by either the pulsed laser deposition method
or laser molecular beam epitaxy. The substrates change both the volume and
symmetry of the unit cell of the films. It is revealed that the symmetry as
well as the volume of the unit cell have strong influence on the
metal-insulator transition temperature and the size of magnetoresistance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98149 </DOCNO>
Gr\"obner geometry of Schubert polynomials


  Our central result is that the determinants defining a matrix Schubert
variety are a Gr\"obner basis with respect to any antidiagonal term order. This
lets us degenerate each matrix Schubert variety to a union of subspaces; we
prove that this degenerate scheme is Cohen-Macaulay (by shelling it), and that
its facets correspond in an obvious way to rc-graphs. This gives a geometric
proof of known rc-graph formulae for (double) Schubert and Grothendieck
polynomials. It also includes an inductive way of listing rc-graphs, bypassing
Kohnert's conjecture.
  We explain in some detail the connection to known results about determinantal
varieties (and find new formulae for their multidegrees), and to Fulton's
theory of degeneracy loci. To make the paper essentially self-contained, we
include appendices on Grobner bases, equivariant cohomology and K-theory (of
affine space, which is all that we use). A full table of contents is here:
http://www.math.berkeley.edu/~allenk/papers/grobGeom/abstractGrob.ps

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128806 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of the X-ray Jet in Centaurus A


  We present high angular resolution X-ray images and spectra from two {\em
Chandra} ACIS-I observations of the X-ray jet in the nearby radio galaxy
Centaurus A. We find that the X-ray emission from the jet is composed of a low
surface brightness diffuse component extending continuously from within at
least 60 pc of the active nucleus into the NE radio lobe 4 kpc from the
nucleus, along with 31 discrete compact knots, most of which are extended at
the resolution of our observation. We find that there are small but significant
differences between the X-ray and radio morphologies of the inner jet at the
arcsecond level, making it unlikely that a single, spatially coincident
population of ultrarelativistic electrons is responsible for the emission in
both energy regimes. We suggest that the X-ray knots of the inner jet are
indeed the sites of particle acceleration and shocks, and the X-ray and radio
knot offsets are caused by a combination of particle diffusion and energy loss.
These offsets may be a common feature of all jets in radio galaxies, or at
least jets in FR I type galaxies, and may be fundamental to the physics of such
jets. The X-ray spectra of several regions of the jet are well fit by absorbed
power-law models with photon indices $\sim$2.2-2.5, although the spectrum of
one bright knot located $\sim$1 kpc from the nucleus (knot B) is harder (photon
index = 2.0).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76475 </DOCNO>
$J/\psi$ suppression at SPS and RHIC energies


  The strong suppression of the $J/\psi$ is studied in the framework of
hadronic and quark gluon plasma models. Predictions for RHIC energies are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123833 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Peculiar-Velocity Analysis and PCA


  We allow for nonlinear effects in the likelihood analysis of peculiar
velocities, and obtain ~35%-lower values for the cosmological density parameter
and for the amplitude of mass-density fluctuations. The power spectrum in the
linear regime is assumed to be of the flat LCDM model (h=0.65, n=1) with only
Om_m free. Since the likelihood is driven by the nonlinear regime, we "break"
the power spectrum at k_b=0.2 h/Mpc and fit a two-parameter power-law at k>k_b.
This allows for an unbiased fit in the linear regime. Tests using improved mock
catalogs demonstrate a reduced bias and a better fit. We find for the Mark III
and SFI data Om_m=0.35+-0.09$ with sigma_8*Om_m^0.6=0.55+-0.10 (90% errors).
When allowing deviations from \lcdm, we find an indication for a wiggle in the
power spectrum in the form of an excess near k~0.05 and a deficiency at k~0.1
h/Mpc --- a "cold flow" which may be related to a feature indicated from
redshift surveys and the second peak in the CMB anisotropy. A chi^2 test
applied to principal modes demonstrates that the nonlinear procedure improves
the goodness of fit. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) helps identifying
spatial features of the data and fine-tuning the theoretical and error models.
We address the potential for optimal data compression using PCA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129243 </DOCNO>
Optical SETI: A Spectroscopic Search for Laser Emission from Nearby


  We have searched for nonastrophysical emission lines in the optical spectra
of 577 nearby F, G, K, and M main-sequence stars. Emission lines of
astrophysical origin would also have been detected, such as from a
time--variable chromosphere or infalling comets. We examined ~20 spectra per
star obtained during four years with the Keck/HIRES spectrometer at a
resolution of 5 km/s, with a detection threshold 3% of the continuum flux
level. We searched each spectrum from 4000-5000 angstroms for emission lines
having widths too narrow to be natural from the host star, as well as for lines
broadened by astrophysical mechanisms. We would have detected lasers that emit
a power, P>60 kW, for a typical beam width of ~0.01 arcsec (diffraction-limit
from a 10-m aperture) if directed toward Earth from the star. No lines
consisstent with laser emission were found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86328 </DOCNO>
Plane symmetric analogue of NUT space


  In this article on the basis of a new definition of spacetime symmetry, which
is in accordance with the symmetry of the curvature invariants, we investigate
exact vacuum solutions of Einstein field equations corresponding to both static
and stationary plane symmetric spacetimes using the concepts of the
(1+3)-decomposition or threading formalism. Demanding the presence of a plane
symmetric gravitomagnetic field we find a family of two parameter (m and l)
solutions, every member of which being the plane symmetric analogue of NUT
space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2158 </DOCNO>
Itinerant Ferromagnetism for Mixed Valence Systems


  We introduce a novel mechanism for the unusual itinerant ferromagnetism found
in mixed valence systems like Ce(Rh$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$)$_3$B$_2$,
La$_x$Ce$_{1-x}$Rh$_3$B$_2$, US, USe, and UTe. With it we can provide an
explanation for the long-unexplained large value of $T_c$ ($\sim$ 100$^\circ$K)
value and the maximum in the magnetization below $T_c$ found experimentally. We
also show that this novel itinerent ferromagnetism can be continuously
connected with the localized case for which the energy scale is much smaller
($J_{RKKY} \sim$ 1$^\circ$K).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148519 </DOCNO>
The Stability of Noncommutative Scalar Solitons


  We determine the stability conditions for a radially symmetric noncommutative
scalar soliton at finite noncommutivity parameter $\theta$. We find an
intriguing relationship between the stability and existence conditions for all
level-1 solutions, in that they all have nearly-vanishing stability eigenvalues
at critical $\theta m^2$. The stability or non-stability of the system may then
be determined entirely by the $\phi^3$ coefficient in the potential. For
higher-level solutions we find an ambiguity in extrapolating solutions to
finite $\theta$ which prevents us from making any general statements. For these
stability may be determined by comparing the fluctuation eigenvalues to
critical values which we calculate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72452 </DOCNO>
The CP-violating asymmetry in K_L -> pi+ pi- e+ e-


  We update the theoretical analysis of the CP-violating asymmetry in the decay
K_L -> pi+ pi- e+ e-, relying on chiral perturbation theory and on the most
recent phenomenological information. With the experimentally determined
magnetic amplitude and branching ratio as input, the asymmetry can be
calculated with good accuracy. The theoretical interpretation of the sign of
the asymmetry is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97280 </DOCNO>
A new bound on the size of the largest critical set in a Latin square


  A critical set in an n x n array is a set C of given entries, such that there
exists a unique extension of C to an n x n Latin square and no proper subset of
C has this property. The cardinality of the largest critical set in any Latin
square of order n is denoted by lcs(n). In 1978 Curran and van Rees proved that
lcs(n) <= n^2 - n. Here we show that lcs(n) <= n^2-3n+3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126177 </DOCNO>
The Imprint of Presupernova Evolution on Supernovae Remnants


  The evolution of type Ia supernova binary system progenitors is highly
uncertain. Several evolutionary models predict that the accretion of mass onto
the white dwarf is accompanied by mass ejection from the binary in the form of
a powerful wind, but very few observations have been made during the initial
phase of formation of supernovae remnants, when the interaction of supernova
ejecta with presupernova wind could be tested. Here we present hydrodynamical
simulations of supernova ejecta interaction with an ambient medium modified by
presupernova wind. The structure of the ambient medium when the supernova
explodes is very sensitive to the details of wind history, and the evolution of
the supernova remnant can be affected during several thousand years. We have
found that the forward shock expansion parameter is a good tool for
discriminating between several wind models. The evolution of the supernova
remnant in the presence of an ambient medium modified by interaction with
pre-supernova wind cannot be described by a similarity solution. We also rule
out simple models based on a circumstellar medium that merges smoothly with a
uniform density ambient medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169222 </DOCNO>
Polarization Squeezing of Continuous Variable Stokes Parameters


  We report the first direct experimental characterization of continuous
variable quantum Stokes parameters. We generate a continuous wave light beam
with more than 3 dB of simultaneous squeezing in three of the four Stokes
parameters. The polarization squeezed beam is produced by mixing two quadrature
squeezed beams on a polarizing beam splitter. Depending on the squeezed
quadrature of these two beams the quantum uncertainty volume on the
Poincar\'{e} sphere became a `cigar' or `pancake'-like ellipsoid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3173 </DOCNO>
Disorder and Funneling Effects on Exciton Migration in Tree-Like


  The center-bound excitonic diffusion on dendrimers subjected to several types
of non-homogeneous funneling potentials, is considered. We first study the
mean-first passage time (MFPT) for diffusion in a linear potential with
different types of correlated and uncorrelated random perturbations. Increasing
the funneling force, there is a transition from a phase in which the MFPT grows
exponentially with the number of generations $g$, to one in which it does so
linearly. Overall the disorder slows down the diffusion, but the effect is much
more pronounced in the exponential compared to the linear phase. When the
disorder gives rise to uncorrelated random forces there is, in addition, a
transition as the temperature $T$ is lowered. This is a transition from a
high-$T$ regime in which all paths contribute to the MFPT to a low-$T$ regime
in which only a few of them do. We further explore the funneling within a
realistic non-linear potential for extended dendrimers in which the dependence
of the lowest excitonic energy level on the segment length was derived using
the Time-Dependent Hatree-Fock approximation. Under this potential the MFPT
grows initially linearly with $g$ but crosses-over, beyond a molecular-specific
and $T$-dependent optimal size, to an exponential increase. Finally we consider
geometrical disorder in the form of a small concentration of long connections
as in the {\it small world} model. Beyond a critical concentration of
connections the MFPT decreases significantly and it changes to a power-law or
to a logarithmic scaling with $g$, depending on the strength of the funneling
force.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96461 </DOCNO>
Conformal-field-theoretic analogues of codes and lattices


  We introduce and study completely-extendable conformal intertwining algebras.
Based on results obtained in other papers, various examples are given. Duals of
these algebras are constructed and nondegenerate such algebras are defined. We
prove that the double dual of such a nondegenrate algebra is equal to itself.
We explain using a table that these nondegenerate algebras are the correct
conformal-field-theoretic analogues of linear binary codes and nondegenerate
rational lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98556 </DOCNO>
Difference Fourier transforms for nonreduced root systems


  In the first part of the paper kernels are constructed which meromorphically
extend the Macdonald-Koornwinder polynomials in their degrees. In the second
part of the paper the kernels associated with rank one root systems are used to
define nonsymmetric variants of the spherical Fourier transform on the quantum
SU(1,1) group. Related Plancherel and inversion formulas are derived using
double affine Hecke algebra techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98957 </DOCNO>
Descent Representations and Multivariate Statistics


  Combinatorial identities on Weyl groups of types $A$ and $B$ are derived from
special bases of the corresponding coinvariant algebras. Using the
Garsia-Stanton descent basis of the coinvariant algebra of type $A$ we give a
new construction of the Solomon descent representations. An extension of the
descent basis to type $B$, using new multivariate statistics on the group,
yields a refinement of the descent representations. These constructions are
then applied to refine well-known decomposition rules of the coinvariant
algebra and to generalize various identities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83515 </DOCNO>
Automatic Differentiation Tools in Optimization Software


  We discuss the role of automatic differentiation tools in optimization
software. We emphasize issues that are important to large-scale optimization
and that have proved useful in the installation of nonlinear solvers in the
NEOS Server. Our discussion centers on the computation of the gradient and
Hessian matrix for partially separable functions and shows that the gradient
and Hessian matrix can be computed with guaranteed bounds in time and memory
requirements

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149381 </DOCNO>
The enhancon mechanism for fractional branes


  We study the enhancon mechanism for fractional D-branes in conifold and
orbifold backgrounds and show how it can resolve the repulson singularity of
these geometries. In particular we show that the consistency of the excision
process requires that the interior space be not empty. In the orbifold case, we
exploit the boundary state formalism to obtain an explicit conformal
description and emphasize the non trivial role of the volume of the internal
manifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85719 </DOCNO>
Entropy of massive fields near a black hole and vacuum polarization:


  Starting from the Frolov-Zel'nikov stress-energy tensor of quantum massive
fields in the Schwarzschild background, we recover the contribution $S_{q}$ of
these field into the entropy of a black hole. For fermions with the spin
$%s=1/2$ $S_{q}>0$, for scalar fields $S_{q}>0$ provided the coupling parameter
is restricted to some interval, and $S_{q}<0$ for vector fields. The appearance
of negative values of $S_{q}$ is attributed to the fact that in the situation
under discussion there are no real quanta to contribute to the entropy, so
$S_{q}$ is due to vacuum polarization entirely and has nothing to do with the
statistical-mechanical entropy. We also consider the spacetime with an
acceleration horizon - the Bertotti-Robison spacetime - and show that $S_{q}=0$
for massive fields similarly to what was proved earlier for massless fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75009 </DOCNO>
Inferring $\rhobar$ and $\etabar$ of the CKM matrix - A simplified,


  This analysis is based on the same ideas and numerical inputs of the recent
paper by Ciuchini et al. on the subject. Some approximations are applied, which
make analytical calculations applicable in most of the work, thus avoiding
Monte Carlo integration. The final result is practically identical to the one
obtained by the more detailed numerical analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5507 </DOCNO>
Optimal adaptive performance and delocalization in NK fitness landscapes


  We investigate the evolutionary dynamics of a finite population of sequences
adapting to NK fitness landscapes. We find that, unlike in the case of an
infinite population, the average fitness in a finite population is maximized at
a small but finite, rather than vanishing, mutation rate. The highest local
maxima in the landscape are visited for even larger mutation rates, close to a
transition point at which the population delocalizes (i.e., leaves the fitness
peak at which it was localized) and starts traversing the sequence space. If
the mutation rate is increased even further, the population undergoes a second
transition and loses all sensitivity to fitness peaks. This second transition
corresponds to the standard error threshold transition first described by
Eigen. We discuss the implications of our results for biological evolution and
for evolutionary optimization techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76549 </DOCNO>
Large extra dimensions, the galaxy power spectrum and the end of


  We consider the production of gravitational KK modes via cosmological
photon-photon and electron-positron annihilation in models with large
factorisable extra dimensions. We place constraints on this production using
recent results from a joint analysis of the power spectra of the 2dF Galaxy
Redshift Survey (2dFGS) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies.
We obtain a more accurate upper limit for the temperature corresponding to
matter-radiation equality and show that, even for the case of 6 extra
dimensions and a fundamental scale of 1 TeV, a period of inflation is required
that ends at a temperature much lower than that of the QCD phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4720 </DOCNO>
Decomposing the stock market intraday dynamics


  The correlation matrix formalism is used to study temporal aspects of the
stock market evolution. This formalism allows to decompose the financial
dynamics into noise as well as into some coherent repeatable intraday
structures. The present study is based on the high-frequency Deutsche
Aktienindex (DAX) data over the time period between November 1997 and September
1999, and makes use of both, the corresponding returns as well as volatility
variations. One principal conclusion is that a bulk of the stock market
dynamics is governed by the uncorrelated noise-like processes. There exists
however a small number of components of coherent short term repeatable
structures in fluctuations that may generate some memory effects seen in the
standard autocorrelation function analysis. Laws that govern fluctuations
associated with those various components are different, which indicates an
extremely complex character of the financial fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84070 </DOCNO>
Fast Context-Free Grammar Parsing Requires Fast Boolean Matrix


  In 1975, Valiant showed that Boolean matrix multiplication can be used for
parsing context-free grammars (CFGs), yielding the asympotically fastest
(although not practical) CFG parsing algorithm known. We prove a dual result:
any CFG parser with time complexity $O(g n^{3 - \epsilson})$, where $g$ is the
size of the grammar and $n$ is the length of the input string, can be
efficiently converted into an algorithm to multiply $m \times m$ Boolean
matrices in time $O(m^{3 - \epsilon/3})$.
   Given that practical, substantially sub-cubic Boolean matrix multiplication
algorithms have been quite difficult to find, we thus explain why there has
been little progress in developing practical, substantially sub-cubic general
CFG parsers. In proving this result, we also develop a formalization of the
notion of parsing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1932 </DOCNO>
Scaling of Self-Avoiding Walks in High Dimensions


  We examine self-avoiding walks in dimensions 4 to 8 using high-precision
Monte-Carlo simulations up to length N=16384, providing the first such results
in dimensions $d > 4$ on which we concentrate our analysis. We analyse the
scaling behaviour of the partition function and the statistics of
nearest-neighbour contacts, as well as the average geometric size of the walks,
and compare our results to $1/d$-expansions and to excellent rigorous bounds
that exist. In particular, we obtain precise values for the connective
constants, $\mu_5=8.838544(3)$, $\mu_6=10.878094(4)$, $\mu_7=12.902817(3)$,
$\mu_8=14.919257(2)$ and give a revised estimate of $\mu_4=6.774043(5)$. All of
these are by at least one order of magnitude more accurate than those
previously given (from other approaches in $d>4$ and all approaches in $d=4$).
Our results are consistent with most theoretical predictions, though in $d=5$
we find clear evidence of anomalous $N^{-1/2}$-corrections for the scaling of
the geometric size of the walks, which we understand as a non-analytic
correction to scaling of the general form $N^{(4-d)/2}$ (not present in pure
Gaussian random walks).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114015 </DOCNO>
Narrowing of EIT resonance in a Doppler Broadened Medium


  We derive an analytic expression for the linewidth of EIT resonance in a
Doppler broadened system. It is shown here that for relatively low intensity of
the driving field the EIT linewidth is proportional to the square root of
intensity and is independent of the Doppler width, similar to the laser induced
line narrowing effect by Feld and Javan. In the limit of high intensity we
recover the usual power broadening case where EIT linewidth is proportional to
the intensity and inversely proportional to the Doppler width.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98820 </DOCNO>
Trapped modes in a waveguide with a thick obstacle


  We consider two-dimensional waveguide with a rectangular obstacle symmetric
about the axis of the waveguie. We study the behaviour of the Neumann
eigenvalues located below the first threshold when the sides of the obstacle
approach the edges of the waveguide. We show that only one of the eigenvalues
converge to the first threshold, and the rate of convergence depends on whether
the length of the obstacle divided by the width of the waveguide is integer or
not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96913 </DOCNO>
Mahler measure of Alexander polynomials


  Let l be an oriented link of d components in a homology 3-sphere. For any
nonnegative integer q, let l(q) be the link of d-1 components obtained from l
by performing 1/q surgery on the dth component. Then the Mahler measure of the
Alexander polynomial of l(q) converges to the Mahler measure of the Alexander
polynomial of l as q goes to infinity, provided that some other component of l
has nonzero linking number with the dth. Otherwise, the Mahler measure of the
Alexander polynomial of l(q) has a well-defined bu different limiting behavior.
Examples are given of links for which the Mahler measure of the Alexander
polynomial is small. Possible connection with hyperbolic volume are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75725 </DOCNO>
Quintessence Model Building


  A short review of some of the aspects of quintessence model building is
presented. We emphasize the role of tracking models and their possible
supersymmetric origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129126 </DOCNO>
Star formation and chemical evolution in SPH simulations: a statistical


  In Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) codes with a large number of
particles, star formation as well as gas and metal restitution from dying stars
can be treated statistically. This approach allows to include detailed chemical
evolution and gas re-ejection with minor computational effort. Here we report
on a new statistical algorithm for star formation and chemical evolution,
especially conceived for SPH simulations with large numbers of particles, and
for parallel SPH codes.
  For the sake of illustration, we present also two astrophysical simulations
obtained with this algorithm, implemented into the Tree-SPH code by Lia &
Carraro (2000). In the first one, we follow the formation of an individual
disc-like galaxy, predict the final structure and metallicity evolution, and
test resolution effects. In the second one we simulate the formation and
evolution of a cluster of galaxies, to demonstrate the capabilities of the
algorithm in investigating the chemo-dynamical evolution of galaxies and of the
intergalactic medium in a cosmological context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72570 </DOCNO>
Quantum corrections for the MSSM Higgs couplings to SM fermions


  Higgs Yukawa couplings to down-type fermions receive, in the MSSM,
supersymmetric quantum corrections that can be of order 1 for large values of
tan\beta, provided \mu \sim MSUSY. Therefore, a sensitive prediction for
observables driven by any of these couplings can only be obtained after an
all-order resummation of the large corrections. We perform this necessary step
and show, as an example, the effect of the resummation on the computation of
the p\bar{p},pp \to t\bar{b}H^{-} + X cross-section and on the branching ratio
BR(b\to s\gamma) at the next-to-leading order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123960 </DOCNO>
Testing a model of variability of X-ray reprocessing features in Active


  A number of recent results from X-ray observations of Active Galactic Nuclei
involving the Fe K alpha line (reduction of line variability compared to the
X-ray continuum variability, the X-ray ``Baldwin effect'') were attributed to a
presence of a hot, ionized skin of an accretion disc, suppressing emission of
the line. The ionized skin appears as a result of the thermal instability of
X-ray irradiated plasma. We test this hypothesis by computing the Thomson
thickness of the hot skin on top of the 'alpha P_tot' Shakura-Sunyaev disc, by
simultaneously solving the vertical structure of both the hot skin and the
disc. We then compute a number of relations between observable quantities, e.g.
the hard X-ray flux, amplitude of the observed reprocessed component,
relativistic smearing of the K alpha line, the r.m.s. variability of the hard
X-rays. These relations can be compared to present and future observations. We
point out that this mechanism is unlikely to explain the behaviour of the X-ray
source in MCG-6-30-15, where there is a number of arguments against the
existence of a thick hot skin, but it can work for some other Seyfert 1
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2375 </DOCNO>
Mean-field approximation for a limit order driven market model


  The mean-field variant of the model of limit order driven market introduced
recently by Maslov is formulated and solved. The agents do not have any
strategies and the memory of the system is kept within the order book. We show
that he evolution of the order book is governed by a matrix multiplicative
process. The resulting stationary distribution of step-to-step price changes is
calculated. It exhibits a power-law tail with exponent 2. We obtain also the
price autocorrelation function, which agrees qualitatively with the
experimentally observed negative autocorrelation for short times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2074 </DOCNO>
Effective classical Hamiltonians for spin systems: A closed form with


  Thermodynamic properties of any quantum spin system can be described by the
formally exact, although in general intractable, effective classical Hamilton
function \cal H. Here we obtain an explicit form of \cal H which applies at T
<< J S^2, where J is the exchange and S in the spin value, and incorporates
quantum effects at the level of the spin-wave theory (SWT). For a quantum
Hamiltonian \hat H of Heisenberg form, \cal H is also Heisenberg but with a
long-range effective exchange J_{ij}^{eff}, which is the price for including
quantum effects. For three-dimensional magnets, classical SWT with \cal H
yields the same results as quantum SWT for the original system, in the
antiferromagnetic case with the 1/S correction to the ground-state energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113579 </DOCNO>
Convergent variational calculation of positronium-hydrogen-atom


  We present a convergent variational basis-set calculational scheme for
elastic scattering of positronium atom by hydrogen atom in S wave. Highly
correlated trial functions with appropriate symmetry are needed for achieving
convergence. We report convergent results for scattering lengths in atomic
units for both singlet ($=3.49\pm 0.20$) and triplet ($=2.46\pm 0.10$) states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75085 </DOCNO>
Critical and tricritical exponents of the Gross-Neveu model in the


  The critical and the tricritical exponents of the Gross-Neveu model are
calculated in the large-$N_f$ limit.
  Our results indicate that these exponents are given by the mean-field values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149819 </DOCNO>
Resolution of the causality paradox in quantum gravity


  The metric determines the casual structure of spacetime, but in quantum
gravity it is also a dynamical field which must be quantized using this causal
structure. A radical resolution of this paradox is proposed: remove the concept
of space-like separation entirely. This can be done by describing all fields in
terms on p-jets, living on the observer's trajectory; all points on the
trajectory have time-like separations. Such a description is necessary to
construct well-defined projective representations of vect(4), which is the
correct symmetry algebra of general relativity. The limit p \to \infty, needed
to reconstruct the quantum fields throughout spacetime, only exists if both
bosons and fermions are present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73406 </DOCNO>
Exclusive B -> K^* l^+ l^- decay with polarized K^* and new physics


  Using the most general, model independent effective Hamiltonian, the
branching ratio of the (B -> K^* l^+ l^-) decay, when K^* meson is
longitudinally or transversally polarized, is presented. The dependence of the
branching ratio on the new Wilson coefficients, when K^* meson is polarized, is
studied. It is observed that the branching ratio is very sensitive to the
vector and tensor type interactions, which will be useful in search of new
physics beyond the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86297 </DOCNO>
Scale factor duality in quintessence models ?


  We consider several kinds of quintessence models in the framework of scale
factor duality. We show that this symmetry exists only for a very small number
of quintessence potentials. We then apply the duality transformations found to
several analytical solutions. It turns out that, in some cases, the presence of
the potential allows a smooth connection between the pre- and the post-Big Bang
phases. This may be a first step toward the resolution of the singularity
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114187 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Radiation and its Application to Space Travel, principles


  Gravitational radiation is an elusive form of radiation predicted by general
relativity, it is the subject of intense theoretical and experimental research
at the limit of the sensitivity of today's instrumentation. In spite of the
fact that no direct evidence of this radiation now exist, observed
astrophysical phenomena have given convincing proofs of its existence. Theories
predict that gravitational radiation may also be employed for propulsion,
moreover the nonlinear behaviour of spacetime may permit the generation of
spacetime singularities with colliding beams of gravitational radiation, this
phenomenon could become a form of propellantless propulsion. Both applications
would require gravitational wave generators with high power and appropriate
optical properties. Among the proposed techniques that could be applicable to
the production of gravitational waves, a promising one is the possible emission
of gravitons by quantum systems. A hypothesis describing the production of
gravitons in s-wave/d-wave superconductor junction is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98842 </DOCNO>
Homology stability for unitary groups


  In this paper homology stability for unitary groups over a ring with finite
unitary stable rank is established. Homology stability of symplectic groups and
orthogonal groups appears as a special case of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5667 </DOCNO>
Skyrmions in integral and fractional quantum Hall systems


  Numerical results are presented for the spin excitations of a two-dimensional
electron gas confined to a quantum well of width w. Spin waves and charged
skyrmion excitations are studied for filling factors nu=1, 3, and 1/3. Phase
diagrams for the occurrence of skyrmions of different size as a function of w
and the Zeeman energy are calculated. For nu=3, skyrmions occur only if w is
larger than about twice the magnetic length. A general necessary condition on
the interaction pseudopotential for the occurrence of stable skyrmion states is
proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 957 </DOCNO>
Evolutionary quantum game


  We present the first study of a dynamical quantum game. Each agent has a
`memory' of her performance over the previous m timesteps, and her strategy can
evolve in time. The game exhibits distinct regimes of optimality. For small m
the classical game performs better, while for intermediate m the relative
performance depends on whether the source of qubits is `corrupt'. For large m,
the quantum players dramatically outperform the classical players by `freezing'
the game into high-performing attractors in which evolution ceases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149976 </DOCNO>
A New Type of String Field Theory


  We propose a new way of second quantizing string theory. The method is based
on considering the Fock space of strings described by constituents which make
up the $X^\mu_R$ and the $X^\mu_L$ i.e. the right and left mover modes
separately. A state with any number of strings get represented by the Cartesian
product of two free particle Fock spaces, one for right mover degrees of
freedom, and one for left. The resulting string field theory is a free theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6058 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Gilbert Damping in Thin Ferromagnetic Films


  Using a scattering matrix approach, the precession of the magnetization of a
ferromagnet is shown to transfer spins into adjacent normal metal layers. This
``pumping'' of spins slows down the precession corresponding to an enhanced
Gilbert damping factor in the Landau-Lifshitz equation. The damping is
expressed in terms of the scattering matrix of the ferromagnet-normal metal
interface, which is accessible to model and first-principles calculations. Our
estimates for permalloy thin films explain the trends observed in recent
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7338 </DOCNO>
Connective neck evolution and conductance steps in hot point contacts


  Dynamic evolution of the connective neck in Al and Pb mechanically
controllable break junctions was studied during continuous approach of
electrodes at bias voltages V_b up to a few hundred mV. A high level of power
dissipation (10^-4 - 10^-3 W) and high current density (j > 10^10 A/cm^2) in
the constriction lead to overheating of the contact area, electromigration and
current-enhanced diffusion of atoms out of the "hot spot". At a low electrode
approach rate (10 - 50 pm/s) the transverse dimension of the neck and the
conductance of the junction depend on V_b and remain nearly constant over the
approach distance of 10 - 30 nm. For V_b > 300 mV the connective neck consists
of a few atoms only and the quantum nature of conductance manifests itself in
abrupt steps and reversible jumps between two or more levels. These features
are related to an ever changing number of individual conductance channels due
to the continuous rearrangement in atomic configuration of the neck, the
recurring motion of atoms between metastable states, the formation and breaking
of isolated one-atom contacts and the switching between energetically
preferable neck geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125234 </DOCNO>
Low-excitation CO in HR10: implications for measuring metal-rich H2 mass


  We examine the physical conditions of the molecular gas in the extremely red
object (ERO), HR10 at z=1.44, as constrained by the recent detection of CO J+1
-> J, J=1, 4 lines. The line ratios of such widely spaced CO transitions are
extremely sensitive probes of gas excitation; in the case of the HR10, they
provide a rare opportunity to study the state of the molecular gas in a
gas-rich starburst at a cosmologically significant distance. Contrary to
earlier claims, we find the CO J=5-4 transition to be of low excitation. The
brightness temperature ratio of (5-4)/(2-1) ~ 0.15. This has serious
consequences for estimates of H2 gas mass and the detectability of high-J CO
lines from similar objects at high redshifts (z>~3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86292 </DOCNO>
p-Adic and Adelic Minisuperspace Quantum Cosmology


  We consider the formulation and some elaboration of p-adic and adelic quantum
cosmology. The adelic generalization of the Hartle-Hawking proposal does not
work in models with matter fields. p-Adic and adelic minisuperspace quantum
cosmology is well defined as an ordinary application of p-adic and adelic
quantum mechanics. It is illustrated by a few minisuperspace cosmological
models in one, two and three minisuperspace dimensions. As a result of p-adic
quantum effects and the adelic approach, these models exhibit some discreteness
of the minisuperspace and cosmological constant. In particular, discreteness of
the de Sitter space and its cosmological constant is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1472 </DOCNO>
Zeros of Jones Polynomials for Families of Knots and Links


  We calculate Jones polynomials $V_L(t)$ for several families of alternating
knots and links by computing the Tutte polynomials $T(G,x,y)$ for the
associated graphs $G$ and then obtaining $V_L(t)$ as a special case of the
Tutte polynomial. For each of these families we determine the zeros of the
Jones polynomial, including the accumulation set in the limit of infinitely
many crossings. A discussion is also given of the calculation of Jones
polynomials for non-alternating links.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7137 </DOCNO>
Wave attenuation to clock sojourn times


  The subject of time in quantum mechanics is of perennial interest especially
because there is no observable for the time taken by a particle to transmit (or
reflect) from a particular region. Several methods have been proposed based on
scattering phase shifts and using different quantum clocks, where the time
taken is clocked by some external input or indirectly from the phase of the
scattering amplitudes. In this work we give a general method for calculating
conditional sojourn times based on wave attenuation. In this approach clock
mechanism does not couple to the Hamiltonian of the system. For simplicity,
specific case of a delta dimer is considered in detail. Our analysis re-affirms
recent results based on correcting quantum clocks using optical potential
methods, albeit in a much simpler way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73383 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of an effective Light-Cone QCD-inspired theory for the


  The renormalization of the effective QCD-Hamiltonian theory for the
quark-antiquark channel is performed in terms of a renormalized or fixed-point
Hamiltonian that leads to subtracted dynamical equations. The fixed
point-Hamiltonian brings the renormalization conditions as well as the
counterterms that render the theory finite. The approach is renormalization
group invariant. The parameters of the renormalized effective QCD-Hamiltonian
comes from the pion mass and radius, for a given constituent quark mass. The 1s
and excited 2s states of $\bar u q$ are calculated as a function of the mass of
the quark $q$ being s, c or b, and compared to the experimental values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7001 </DOCNO>
In Search of Exact Solutions


  Many-body systems, such as electrons flowing in a superconductor, are among
the most difficult theoretical problems to study. A new family of exactly
solvable models may offer some answers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73558 </DOCNO>
The Monte Carlo Program KoralW version 1.51 and The Concurrent Monte


  The version 1.51 of the Monte Carlo (MC) program KoralW for all $e^+e^-\to
f_1\bar f_2 f_3\bar f_4$ processes is presented. The most important change
since the previous version 1.42 is the facility for writing MC events on the
mass storage device and re-processing them later on. In the re-processing one
may modify parameters of the Standard Model in order to fit them to
experimental data. Another important new feature is a possibility of including
complete ${\cal O}(\alpha)$ corrections to double-resonant W-pair
component-processes in addition to all background (non-WW) graphs. The
inclusion is done with the help of the YFSWW3 MC event generator for fully
exclusive differential distributions (event-per-event). Technically, it is done
in such a way that YFSWW3 runs concurrently with KoralW as a separate slave
process, reading momenta of the MC event generated by KoralW and returning the
correction weight to KoralW. KoralW introduces the ${\cal O}(\alpha)$
correction using this weight, and finishes processing the event (rejection due
to total MC weight, hadronization, etc.). The communication between KoralW and
YFSWW3 is done with the help of the FIFO facility of the UNIX/Linux operating
system. This does not require any modifications of the FORTRAN source codes.
The resulting Concurrent MC event generator KoralW&YFSWW3 looks from the user's
point of view as a regular single MC event generator with all the standard
features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168911 </DOCNO>
Polarization Entanglement Purification using Spatial Entanglement


  Parametric down-conversion can produce photons that are entangled both in
polarization and in space. Here we show how the spatial entanglement can be
used to purify the polarization entanglement using only linear optical
elements. Spatial entanglement as an additional resource leads to a substantial
improvement in entanglement output compared to a previous scheme.
Interestingly, in the present context the thermal character of down-conversion
sources can be turned into an advantage. Our scheme is realizable with current
technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86872 </DOCNO>
Non-minimal coupling for spin 3/2 fields


  The problem of the electromagnetic coupling for spin 3/2 fields is discussed.
Following supergravity and some recent works in the field of classical
supersymmetric particles, we find that the electromagnetic coupling must not
obey a minimal coupling in the sense that one needs to consider not only the
electromagnetic potential but also the coupling of the electromagnetic field
strenght. This coupling coincides with the one found by Ferrara {\it et al} by
requiring that the gyromagnetic ratio be 2. Coupling with non-Abelian
Yang-Mills fields is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1191 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure of MgB$_2$: X-ray emission and absorption studies


  Measurements of x-ray emission and absorption spectra of the constituents of
MgB$_2$ are presented. The results obtained are in good agreement with
calculated x-ray spectra, with dipole matrix elements taken into account. The
comparison of x-ray emission spectra of graphite, AlB$_2$, and MgB$_2$ in the
binding energy scale supports the idea of charge transfer from $\sigma$ to
$\pi$ bands, which creates holes at the top of the bonding $\sigma$ bands and
drives the high-T$_c$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124604 </DOCNO>
Temporal evolution of f-mode frequencies and radius


  We have analysed temporal evolution in centroid frequencies and splitting
coefficients of solar f-modes obtained from MDI/SOHO. The data were divided
into 20 sets covering a period from May 1, 1996 to August 31, 2000. The
variation in frequencies is estimated to be 68 nHz over the period of four
years which includes the rapidly rising phase of the solar cycle 23. This
change is much smaller than that observed for p-mode frequencies. It is also
noticed that the f-mode frequencies appear to be weakly correlated with solar
activity indices as compared to the p-mode frequencies. We have also inferred
the relative change in the solar radii and notice a 1 year periodicity which
may be associated with the solar cycle variation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86924 </DOCNO>
Testing the Cactus code on exact solutions of the Einstein field


  The article presents a series of numerical simulations of exact solutions of
the Einstein equations performed using the Cactus code, a complete
3-dimensional machinery for numerical relativity. We describe an application
(``thorn'') for the Cactus code that can be used for evolving a variety of
exact solutions, with and without matter, including solutions used in modern
cosmology for modeling the early stages of the universe. Our main purpose has
been to test the Cactus code on these well-known examples, focusing mainly on
the stability and convergence of the code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72803 </DOCNO>
SUSY and SUSY Breaking Scale at the Linear Collider


  After summarising very briefly the key features of different model
predictions for sparticle masses and their relation with the supersymmetry
(SUSY) breaking scales and parameters, I discuss the capabilities of an $e^+
e^-$ Linear Collider (LC) with $\sqrt{s} \geq$ 500 GeV for precision
measurements of sparticle properties. Then I focus on the lessons one can learn
about the scale and mechanism of SUSY breaking from these measurements and
point out how LC can crucially complement and extend the achievements of the
LHC. I end by mentioning what would be the desired extensions in the
type/energy of the colliding particles and their luminosity from the point of
view of SUSY investigations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96235 </DOCNO>
Moduli of nodal curves on smooth surfaces of general type


  In this paper we focus on the problem of computing the number of moduli of
the so called Severi varieties (denoted by V(|D|, \delta)), which parametrize
universal families of irreducible, \delta-nodal curves in a complete linear
system |D|, on a smooth projective surface S of general type. We determine
geometrical and numerical conditions on D and numerical conditions on \delta
ensuring that such number coincides with dim(V(|D|, \delta). As related facts,
we also determines some sharp results concerning the geometry of some Severi
varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4274 </DOCNO>
Heavy fermion behavior of itinerant frustrated systems: beta-Mn,


  These three metallic systems do not exhibit any magnetic ordering despite
experiments show the existence of localized moments with large
antiferromagnetic exchange: this is a consequence of the strong geometric
frustration (Y(Sc)Mn_{2} and LiV_{2}O_{4} have the Pyrochlore structure, while
beta-Mn has a more complicated frustrated structure). Another common feature is
their very large specific heat coefficient \gamma =C/T (420 mJ mole^{-1} K^{-2}
for LiV_{2}O_{4}). Several explanations have been proposed for this ''3d heavy
fermion behavior'', including a 3d-Kondo effect. However the similarities
between the three compounds indicate that frustration plays a big role. We
propose a new model which takes into account the existence of two types of
3d-electrons (localized and itinerant) and a frustrated antiferromagnetic
exchange between the localized 3d electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7210 </DOCNO>
Influence of extended dynamics on phase transitions in a driven lattice


  Monte Carlo simulations and dynamical mean-field approximations are performed
to study the phase transition in a driven lattice gas with nearest-neighbor
exclusion on a square lattice. A slight extension of the microscopic dynamics
with allowing the next-nearest-neighbor hops results in dramatic changes.
Instead of the phase separation into high- and low-density regions in the
stationary state the system exhibits a continuous transition belonging to the
Ising universality class for any driving. The relevant features of phase
diagram are reproduced by an improved mean-field analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97197 </DOCNO>
Theory of multi-fans


  We introduce the notion of a multi-fan. It is a generalization of that of a
fan in the theory of toric variety in algebraic geometry. Roughly speaking a
toric variety is an algebraic variety with an action of algebraic torus of the
same dimension as that of the variety, and a fan is a combinatorial object
associated with the toric variety. Algebro-geometric properties of the toric
variety can be described in terms of the associated fan. We develop a
combinatorial theory of multi-fans and define ``topological invariants'' of a
multi-fan. A smooth manifold with an action of a compact torus of half the
dimension of the manifold and with some orientation data is called a torus
manifold. We associate a multi-fan with a torus manifold, and apply the
combinatorial theory to describe topological invariants of the torus manifold.
A similar theory is also given for torus orbifolds. As a related subject a
generalization of the Ehrhart polynomial concerning the number of lattice
points in a convex polytope is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96684 </DOCNO>
Local calibrations for minimizers of the Mumford-Shah functional with a


  We prove that, if u is a function satisfying all Euler conditions for the
Mumford-Shah functional and the discontinuity set of u is given by three line
segments meeting at the origin with equal angles, then there exists a
neighbourhood U of the origin such that u is a minimizer of the Mumford-Shah
functional on U with respect to its own boundary conditions on the boundary of
U. The proof is obtained by using the calibration method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127195 </DOCNO>
Resolving gravitational microlensing events with long-baseline optical


  Until now, the detailed interpretation of the observed microlensing events
has suffered from the fact that the physical parameters of the phenomenon
cannot be uniquely determined from the available astronomical measurements,
i.e. the photometric lightcurves. The situation will change in the near-future
with the availability of long-baseline, sensitive optical interferometers,
which should be able to resolve the images of the lensed objects into their
components. For this, it will be necessary to achieve a milliarcsecond
resolution on sources with typical magnitudes K $\ga 12$. Indeed, brighter
events have never been observed up to now by micro-lensing surveys. We discuss
the possibilities opened by the use of long baseline interferometry in general,
and in particular for one such facility, the ESO VLT Interferometer, which will
attain the required performance. We discuss the expected accuracy and limiting
magnitude of such measurements. On the basis of the database of the events
detected by the OGLE experiment, we estimate the number of microlenses that
could be available for measurements by the VLTI. We find that at least several
tens of events could be observed each year. In conjunction with the photometric
data, our ability to measure the angular separation between the microlensed
images will enable a direct and unambiguous determination of both their masses
and locations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97393 </DOCNO>
Markov subshifts and partial representation of F_n


  In this paper we fix a set \Lambda^* of positive elements of the free group
F_n (e.g. the set of finite words occurring in a Markov subshift) as well as n
partial isometries on a Hilbert space H. Based on these we define a map S:F_n
--> L(H) which we prove to be a partial representation of F_n on H under
certain conditions studied by Matsumoto.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124323 </DOCNO>
Collimated Fast Winds in Wide Binary Progenitors of Planetary Nebulae


  We discuss the formation of planetary nebulae (PNe) having a pair of lobes,
or multi-lobes, in their inner region surrounded by an elliptical or spherical
shell or halo. We suggest that most of these PNe are formed by wide binary
systems, with final orbital periods in the range of 40-10,000 years, such that
there is no strong tidal interaction. The outer more spherical structure is
formed from the early asymptotic giant branch (AGB) wind. Toward the end of the
AGB the mass loss rate increases, and wind velocity possibly decreases, making
the conditions for the formation of an accretion disk around the wide
companion, more favorable. We assume that the accreting companion blows jets or
a collimated fast wind (CFW), which lead to the formation of a pair of lobes in
the inner region. In cases of a precessing accretion disk, a multi-lobes
structure can be formed. We conduct a population synthesis study of such
systems, and find that overall 5-20 percents of all PNe are formed by such
binary systems. We also estimate that 20-40 percents of these systems possess
observable departure from axisymmetry, e.g., the central star is not in the
center of the nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81388 </DOCNO>
Separating perturbative and non-perturbative contributions to the


  We try to separate the perturbative and non-perturbative contributions to the
plaquette of pure SU(3) gauge theory. To do this we look at the large-n
asymptotic behaviour of the perturbation series in order to estimate the
contribution of the as-yet uncalculated terms in the series. We find no
evidence for the previously reported Lambda^2 contribution to the gluon
condensate. Attempting to determine the conventional Lambda^4 condensate gives
a value of approximately 0.03(2) GeV^4, in reasonable agreement with sum rule
estimates, though with very large uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127883 </DOCNO>
A Measurement of Secondary Muon Angular Distributions


  Project GRAND is an array of proportional wire chambers composed of 64
stations with each station containing eight proportional wire planes and a 50
mm steel plate. The proportional wire planes together with the steel absorber
allow a measurement of the angle and identity of single muon tracks. Of the two
data-taking triggers, one is for single tracks. Since the rate of single muon
tracks at sea level above the muon energy threshold of the experiment (0.1 GeV)
is substantial, good statistics are available by accumulating several years of
data. A map in sidereal right ascension and declination is obtained as well as
one in a sun-centered coordinate system in order to study the sidereal and
solar effects separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149199 </DOCNO>
The Woods-Saxon Potential in the Dirac Equation


  The two-component approach to the one-dimensional Dirac equation is applied
to the Woods-Saxon potential. The scattering and bound state solutions are
derived and the conditions for a transmission resonance (when the transmission
coefficient is unity) and supercriticality (when the particle bound state is at
E=-m) are then derived. The square potential limit is discussed. The recent
result that a finite-range symmetric potential barrier will have a transmission
resonance of zero-momentum when the corresponding well supports a half-bound
state at E=-m is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95749 </DOCNO>
A_N-type Dunkl operators and new spin Calogero-Sutherland models


  A new family of A_N-type Dunkl operators preserving a polynomial subspace of
finite dimension is constructed. Using a general quadratic combination of these
operators and the usual Dunkl operators, several new families of exactly and
quasi-exactly solvable quantum spin Calogero-Sutherland models are obtained.
These include, in particular, three families of quasi-exactly solvable elliptic
spin Hamiltonians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149014 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Field Theory


  We review the generalization of field theory to space-time with noncommuting
coordinates, starting with the basics and covering most of the active
directions of research. Such theories are now known to emerge from limits of M
theory and string theory, and to describe quantum Hall states. In the last few
years they have been studied intensively, and many qualitatively new phenomena
have been discovered, both on the classical and quantum level.
  To appear in Reviews of Modern Physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6590 </DOCNO>
Nonequilibrium phase transition in surface growth


  Conserved growth models that exhibit a nonlinear instability in which the
height (depth) of isolated pillars (groves) grows in time are studied by
numerical integration and stochastic simulation. When this instability is
controlled by the introduction of an infinite series of higher-order nonlinear
terms, these models exhibit, as a function of a control parameter, a
non-equilibrium phase transition between a kinetically rough phase with
self-affine scaling and a phase that exhibits mound formation, slope selection
and power-law coarsening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98889 </DOCNO>
Orbispaces and Orbifolds from the Point of View of the Borel


  ``An orbifold is a space which is locally modeled on the quotient of a vector
space by a finite group.'' This sentence is so easily said or written that more
than one person has missed some of the subtleties hidden by orbifolds.
Orbifolds were first introduced by Satake under the name ``V-manifold'' and
rediscovered by Thurston who called them ``orbifolds''. Both of them used only
faithful actions to define their orbifolds (these are the so called reduced
orbifolds). This intuitive restriction is very unnatural mathematically if we
want for example to study suborbifolds. Orbispaces are to topological spaces
what orbifolds are to manifolds. They have been defined by Haefliger via
topological groupoids. He defined the homotopy and (co)homology groups of an
orbispace to be those of the classifying space of the topological groupoid.
However, his definition of morphisms is complicated and technical. Ruan and
Chen have tried to reformulate the definitions, but they don't seem treat the
non-reduced case in a satisfactory way. Our idea is to define orbispaces and
orbifolds directly via their classifying spaces. This approach allows us to
easily define morphisms of orbispaces and orbifolds with all the desired good
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76559 </DOCNO>
Interferometry in astrophysics as a roadmap for interferometry in


  Interferometry is one of the most powerful experimental tools of modern
astrophysics. Some of its methods are considered in view of potential
applicability to studies of correlations in multiparticle dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149010 </DOCNO>
Target space symmetries in topological theories I


  We study realization of the target space diffeomorphisms in the type $C$
topological string. We found that the charges, which generate transformations
of the boundary observables, form an algebra, which differs from that of bulk
charges by the contribution of the bubbled disks. We discuss applications to
noncommutative field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77111 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic model of Reggeon Field Theory


  The stochastic model of classical system of particles (partons), which
dynamics includes random walk in plane as well as processes of death,
splitting, annihilation and fusion of partons, is considered. A set of
equations for multiparticle distribution functions for this system can be
described in terms of diagrams of the Reggeon Field Theory (RFT) with
supercritical pomeron, where rapidity plays a role of the time variable. The
multiparticle inclusive distributions of partons correspond to multi-pomeron
states in this analogy. In order to calculate the amplitude of hadron
interaction at given energy we define an operator of linkage of any pair of
partons from two parton sets (the projectile and the target). The form of the
hadron-interaction (parton-linkage) operator is determined from the requirement
for the result to be in correspondence to the RFT formulas. It is shown that
the requirement of Lorentz invariance of the amplitude is fulfilled in this
interpretation only at definite relation between the probabilities of parton
splitting, annihilation and fusion. Interpretation of various methods of
s-channel unitarization is discussed in terms of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41275 </DOCNO>
Theoretical status of the lifetime predictions: $(\Delta \Gamma/


  We give a review of the theoretical status of the lifetime predictions in the
standard model. In case of $(\Delta \Gamma/ \Gamma)_{B_s}$ we are already in a
rather advanced stage. We obtain
$(\Delta\Gamma/\Gamma)_{B_s}=(9.3^{+3.4}_{-4.6})%$. It seems to be difficult to
improve these errors substantially. In addition now some experimental results
are available. For $\tau_{B^+}/\tau_{B_d}$ and $\tau_{\Lambda_b} / \tau_{B_d}$
the theoretical status is much less advanced and the discrepancy between
experiment and theory still remains. We conclude with a what-to-do-list for
theorists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2816 </DOCNO>
Some Exact Results for Mid-Band and Zero Band-Gap States of Associated


  Applying certain known theorems about one-dimensional periodic potentials, we
show that the energy spectrum of the associated Lam\'{e} potentials
$$a(a+1)m~{\rm sn}^2(x,m)+b(b+1)m~{\rm cn}^2(x,m)/{\rm dn}^2(x,m)$$ consists of
a finite number of bound bands followed by a continuum band when both $a$ and
$b$ take integer values. Further, if $a$ and $b$ are unequal integers, we show
that there must exist some zero band-gap states, i.e. doubly degenerate states
with the same number of nodes. More generally, in case $a$ and $b$ are not
integers, but either $a + b$ or $a - b$ is an integer ($a \ne b$), we again
show that several of the band-gaps vanish due to degeneracy of states with the
same number of nodes. Finally, when either $a$ or $b$ is an integer and the
other takes a half-integral value, we obtain exact analytic solutions for
several mid-band states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168068 </DOCNO>
Efficient quantum algorithms for some instances of the non-Abelian


  In this paper we show that certain special cases of the hidden subgroup
problem can be solved in polynomial time by a quantum algorithm. These special
cases involve finding hidden normal subgroups of solvable groups and
permutation groups, finding hidden subgroups of groups with small commutator
subgroup and of groups admitting an elementary Abelian normal 2-subgroup of
small index or with cyclic factor group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113773 </DOCNO>
Atom gratings produced by large angle atom beam splitters


  An asymptotic theory of atom scattering by large amplitude periodic
potentials is developed in the Raman-Nath approximation. The atom grating
profile arising after scattering is evaluated in the Fresnel zone for
triangular, sinusoidal, magneto-optical, and bichromatic field potentials. It
is shown that, owing to the scattering in these potentials, two
\QTR{em}{groups} of momentum states are produced rather than two distinct
momentum components. The corresponding spatial density profile is calculated
and found to differ significantly from a pure sinusoid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73420 </DOCNO>
QCD factorization for the pion diffractive dissociation to two jets


  We calculate the cross section of a pion diffraction dissociation in two jets
with large transverse momenta originating from a hard gluon exchange between
the pion constituents. To the leading logarithmic accuracy (in energy), the
contribution coming from small transverse separations between the quark and the
antiquark in the pion acquires the expected factorized form, the longitudinal
momentum distribution of the jets being proportional to the pion distribution
amplitude. The hard gluon exchange can in this case be considered as a part of
the unintegrated gluon distribution. Beyond the leading logarithms (in energy)
this proportionality does not hold. Moreover, the collinear factorization
appears to be broken by the end-point singularities. Remarkably enough, the
longitudinal momentum distribution of the jets for the non-factorizable
contribution is calculable, and turns out to be the same as for the
factorizable contribution with the asymptotic pion distribution amplitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128714 </DOCNO>
CO Observations of the Interacting Galaxy Pair NGC 5394/95


  BIMA CO 1-0 observations are presented of the spiral galaxies NGC 5394 and
NGC 5395 that have undergone a recent, grazing encounter. In NGC 5394, 80% of
the CO emission detected by BIMA is concentrated in the central 800 pc (FWHM)
starburst region.In an encounter simulation that reproduces some of the main
features of this galaxy pair, a considerable amount of gas in NGC 5394 falls
into the central region early in the collision. The observed total gas
distribution in the disk of NGC 5394 is lopsided, with more HI, CO, and H-alpha
emission coming from the western or southwestern side. The innermost western
arm of NGC 5394 is seen in CO and H-alpha emission, but the eastern inner-disk
arm, which is very bright in the optical continuum, is not detected in CO or
H-alpha emission. From a comparison of the radio continuum, H-alpha, 60 micron,
and CO luminosities, we estimate that the average visual extinction of the
starburst is 3 - 4 mag and the conversion factor N(H2)/I(CO) in the starburst
is a factor of 3 - 4 below the standard value. Comparison of NGC 5394 with two
other systems previously studied suggests that in prograde grazing encounters a
central starburst may not develop until near the end of the ocular phase. Very
little of the CO emission from NGC 5395 found in previous single-dish
observations is detected by BIMA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86497 </DOCNO>
Viscous dissipative effects in isotropic brane cosmology


  We consider the dynamics of a viscous cosmological fluid in the generalized
Randall-Sundrum model for an isotropic brane. To describe the dissipative
effects we use the Israel-Hiscock-Stewart full causal thermodynamic theory. In
the limiting case of a stiff cosmological fluid with pressure equal to the
energy density, the general solution of the field equations can be obtained in
an exact parametric form for a cosmological fluid with constant bulk viscosity
and with a bulk viscosity coefficient proportional to the square root of the
energy density, respectively. The obtained solutions describe generally
non-inflationary brane worlds, starting from a singular state. During this
phase of evolution the comoving entropy of the Universe is an increasing
function of time, and thus a large amount of entropy is created in the brane
world due to viscous dissipative processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1117 </DOCNO>
Glassy Dynamics of Simulated Polymer Melts: Coherent Scattering and Van


  Whereas the first part of this paper dealt with the relaxation in the
beta-regime, this part investigates the final (alpha) relaxation of a simulated
polymer melt consisting of short non-entangled chains above the critical
temperature Tc of mode-coupling theory (MCT). We monitor the intermediate
incoherent as well as the coherent chain and coherent melt scattering functions
over a wide range of wave numbers q. Upon approaching Tc the coherent
alpha-relaxation time of the melt increases strongly close to the maximum of
the static structure factor of the melt. At q corresponding to the radius of
gyration of the chain the melt relaxation time exhibits another maximum. The
temperature dependence of the relaxation times is well described by a power-law
with a q-dependent exponent in an intermediate temperature range. The
time-temperature superposition principle of MCT is clearly bourne out in the
whole range of wave numbers. An analysis of the alpha-decay using
Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) functions reveals that the collective melt
KWW-stretching exponent and KWW-relaxation times are modulated with the
structure factor. Furthermore, both incoherent and coherent KWW-times approach
the large-q prediction of MCT at q comparable to the maximum of the structure
factor. At small q a power law with exponent -3 is found for the coherent chain
KWW-times similar to that of recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87257 </DOCNO>
Dirac observables and the phase space of general relativity


  In the canonical approach to general relativity it is customary to
parametrize the phase space by initial data on spacelike hypersurfaces.
However, if one seeks a theory dealing with observations that can be made by a
single localized observer, it is natural to use a different description of the
phase space. This results in a different set of Dirac observables from that
appearing in the conventional formulation. It also suggests a possible solution
to the problem of time, which has been one of the obstacles to the development
of a satisfactory quantum theory of gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3560 </DOCNO>
Towards an understanding of CMR pyrochlore Tl2Mn2O7


  Tl2Mn2O7 exhibits important differences with other colossal magnetoresistance
(CMR) compounds, like the Mn-perovskites, in its crystal structure and
electronic properties, indicating the possibility of different mechanisms for
CMR being present. The larger experimental background now existent, has
received diverse interpretations. We aim to contribute to the understanding of
the properties of Tl2Mn2O7 through the study of a generic model for the
compound, including Hund and superexchange couplings as well as hybridization
effects. It includes two kinds of electronic orbitals, as widely believed to be
present: one, directly related to magnetism, involving localized Mn magnetic
moments, and a narrow band strongly Hund-coupled to them. Also, more extended
electronic orbitals, related to the carriers in Tl2Mn2O7, appear and hybridize
with the narrow band. The possibility of a superexchange coupling between the
localized spins is also allowed for. This generic model allows exploration of
many of the proposals put forward by other researchers for Tl2Mn2O7. As a first
approach to the problem, we study the phase diagram and electronic structure
employing simplifications, for sets of parameters including previous
suggestions for the compound. Furthermore, we are able to exhibit similarities
with results obtained in 1997 using an intermediate valence model for Tl2Mn2O7,
in particular, for the electronic structure in the ferromagnetic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 555 </DOCNO>
Real space application of the mean-field description of spin glass


  The out of equilibrium dynamics of finite dimensional spin glasses is
considered from a point of view going beyond the standard `mean-field theory'
versus `droplet picture' debate of the last decades. The main predictions of
both theories concerning the spin glass dynamics are discussed. It is shown, in
particular, that predictions originating from mean-field ideas concerning the
violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem apply quantitatively,
provided one properly takes into account the role of the spin glass coherence
length which plays a central role in the droplet picture. Dynamics in a uniform
magnetic field is also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128497 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Transient X-Ray Pulsar, AX J1841.0-0536, in the Scutum


  We report on the discovery of a transient X-ray pulsar, AX J1841.0-0536,
serendipitously found in the Scutum arm region with the ASCA in two separate
observations. The X-ray flux is very faint at the beginning, but exhibits two
flares in the second observation. The flare flux increases by a factor 10
within only about 1 hr. Coherent pulsations with a period of 4.7394 plus/minus
0.0008 s were detected in the brightest flare phase. The X-ray spectra in the
quiescent and flare phases were fitted with an absorbed power-law model with a
photon index about 1 plus a narrow Gaussian line at the center energy of 6.4
keV. The interstellar column density of about 3E22 /cm2 may indicate that AX
J1841.0-0536 is located at a tangential point of the Scutum arm at about 10 kpc
distance. The coherent pulsations, large flux variability and the spectral
shape suggest that AX J1841.0-0536 is a Be/X-ray binary pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40985 </DOCNO>
SOFTSUSY: a program for calculating supersymmetric spectra


  SOFTSUSY is a program which accurately calculates the spectrum of
superparticles in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). The program
solves the renormalisation group equations with theoretical constraints on soft
supersymmetry breaking terms provided by the user. Weak-scale gauge coupling
and fermion mass data (including one-loop finite MSSM corrections) are used as
a boundary condition, as well as successful radiative electroweak symmetry
breaking. The program can also calculate a measure of fine-tuning. The program
structure has been designed to easily generalise to extensions of the MSSM.
This article serves as a self-contained guide to prospective users, and
indicates the conventions and approximations used. Sample results are compared
with those of similar calculations in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41425 </DOCNO>
Megaton Modular Multi-Purpose Neutrino Detector


  This brief note outlines a detector for the Homestake Laboratory and the
physics experiments that might be done with it. The note might go on record as
a letter of intent to be converted to a formal proposal at a later time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76902 </DOCNO>
Pion Rescattering in Two-Pion Decay of Heavy Quarkonia


  The role of pion rescattering in $\pi\pi$ decay of radially excited heavy
quarkonia modeled in terms of a $Q\pi\pi$ coupling, is investigated within the
framework of the covariant Blankenbecler-Sugar equation. The effects of pion
rescattering (or pion exchange) are shown to be large, unless the coupling of
the two-pion system to the heavy quarks is mediated by a fairly light scalar
$\sigma$ meson, which couples to the gradients of the pion fields. The
Hamiltonian model for the quarkonium states is formed of linear scalar
confining, screened one-gluon exchange and instanton induced interaction terms.
The widths and energy distributions of the basic decays $\psi'\to J/\psi
\pi\pi$ and $\Upsilon'\to \Upsilon \pi\pi$ are shown to be satisfactorily
described by this model. The implications of this model for the decays of the
$\Upsilon(3S)$ state are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123706 </DOCNO>
Radio Galaxy Spectra


  Radio spectra of radio galaxies are often ascribed a simple power law form
($S_{\nu} \propto \nu^{\alpha}$) with the spectral index, $\alpha$, being of
order -0.7. However, all radio galaxies deviate from this simple power law
behaviour. In this paper we derive simple expressions for the average
rest-frame spectra of FRI and FRII radio galaxies. These will be used to
describe the spectral curvature of the parent (FRI and FRII) populations in
models of radio source evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6572 </DOCNO>
Method of envelope functions and intervalley \Gamma-X_z interaction of


  The kp method is used to analyze the problem of intervalley \Gamma-X_z
interaction of conduction band states in the (001) lattice-matched III-V
semiconductor heterostructures. A convenient basis for expansion of the wave
function is systematically selected and a multiband system of equations is
derived for the envelope functions which is then reduced to a system of three
equations for three valleys (\Gamma_1, X_1, and X_3) by using a unitary
transformation. Intervalley \Gamma-X_z mixing is described by short-range
potentials localized at heterojunctions. The expressions for the parameters
determining \Gamma-X_z mixing strength explicitly contain the chemical
composition profile of the structure since mixing is naturally stronger for
abrupt heterojunctions than for structures with a continuously varying chemical
composition. It is shown that the direct \Gamma_1-X_1 interaction of comparable
strength to \Gamma_1-X_3 interaction exists. This must be taken into account
when interpreting tunnel and optical experiments since X_1 valley is
substantially lower in energy than X_3 valley.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5471 </DOCNO>
Magnetization studies of phase separation in


  We present magnetization studies in a series of phase separated
La$_{0.5}$Ca$%_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ samples, with different low temperature
fractions of the ferromagnetic (FM) and charge ordered-antiferromagnetic
(CO-AFM) phases. A particular experimental procedure probes the effect of the
magnetic field applied while cooling the samples, which promotes FM fraction
enlargement and enhances the melting of the CO phase. The response of the
system depending on its magnetic field history indicates the existence of three
different regimes in the phase separated state which develops below T$_{C}$.
Our data allows us to identify the onset temperature below which the system
becomes magnetic and structurally phase separated, and an onset field above
which FM fraction enlargement occurs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179353 </DOCNO>
Isospin dependence of nuclear matter symmetry energy coefficients


  Generalized symmetry energy coefficients of asymmetric nuclear matter are
obtained as screening functions. The dependence of the isospin symmetry energy
coefficient on the neutron proton (n-p) asymmetry may be determined unless by a
constant (exponent) $Z$ which depend on microscopic properties. The dependence
of the generalized symmetry energy coefficients with Skyrme forces on the n-p
asymmetry and on the density, only from .5 up to 1.5 $\rho_0$, are investigated
in the isospin and scalar channels. The use of Skyrme-type effective forces
allows us to obtain analytical expressions for these parameters as well as
their dependences on the neutron-proton (n-p) asymmetry, density and even
temperature. Whereas the density dependence of these coefficients obtained with
Skyrme forces is not necessarily realistic the dependence on the n-p asymmetry
exhibit a more consistent behaviour. The isospin symmetry energy coefficient
(s.e.c.) increases as the n-p asymmetry acquires higher values whereas the
isoscalar s.e.c. decreases. Some consequences for the Supernovae mechanism are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72922 </DOCNO>
Two photon decay of the pseudoscalars, the chiral symmetry breaking


  The extrapolation of the decay amplitudes of the pseudoscalar mesons into two
photons from the soft meson limit where it is obtained from the axial-anomaly
to the mass shell involves the contribution of the 0^ - continuum. These chiral
symmetry breaking corrections turn out to be large. The effects of these
corrections on the calculated pi ^0 decay rate, on the values of the
singlet-octet mixing angle and on the ratios f_8 / f_pi and f_0 / f_pi are
discussed. The implications for the transition form factors gamma gamma* -->
pseudoscalars are also evaluated and confronted with the available experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85896 </DOCNO>
Algebraic description of spacetime foam


  A mathematical formalism for treating spacetime topology as a quantum
observable is provided. We describe spacetime foam entirely in algebraic terms.
To implement the correspondence principle we express the classical spacetime
manifold of general relativity and the commutative coordinates of its events by
means of appropriate limit constructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74153 </DOCNO>
A (re)interpretation of the QCD phase transition and of strangeness as


  The temperature at the chemical freeze-out and at zero baryochemical
potential has been extracted in a global analysis of $e^+e^-$, $p+p$, $p+
\overline{p}$ and $A+A$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=2-1800 GeV per N+N pair. We
demonstrate that the temperature at $\mu_B$=0, rises with the initial energy
density $\epsilon_i$, and saturates above $\epsilon_i$ $\sim$ 1 GeV/fm$^3$.
This behaviour is interpreted as mapping out the QCD phase transition
universally in particle and nuclear collisions. The critical energy density is
therefore identified to be $\epsilon_{crit}$ $\sim$ 1 $\pm$ 0.3 GeV/fm$^3$. We
show that strange particles at $\mu_B$=0, are not significantly enhanced in A+A
collisions as compared to $p+ \overline{p}$. The so called 'strangeness
suppression factor' ($\lambda_s = \frac{(2 \overline{s})} {(\overline{u} +
\overline{d})}$) as a function of $\epsilon_i$ is following the temperature,
rising and saturating universally above $\epsilon_{crit}$. This leads to a
reinterpretation of strangeness enhancement as QGP signature. Within this
interpretation the experimental puzzles with respect to strangeness production
can be naturally explained: e.g. the recent measured maximum of $K^+/\pi^+$ in
Pb+Pb collisions at 40 A GeV, is explained as due to $\mu_B$. We discuss under
which conditions 'strangeness enhancement' and '$J/\Psi$ suppresion' both set
in at $\epsilon_{crit}$ $\sim$ 1 GeV/fm$^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 663 </DOCNO>
Continuum time limit and stationary states of the Minority Game


  We discuss in detail the derivation of stochastic differential equations for
the continuum time limit of the Minority Game. We show that all properties of
the Minority Game can be understood by a careful theoretical analysis of such
equations. In particular, i) we confirm that the stationary state properties
are given by the ground state configurations of a disordered (soft) spin
system; ii) we derive the full stationary state distribution; iii) we
characterize the dependence on initial conditions in the symmetric phase and
iv) we clarify the behavior of the system as a function of the learning rate.
This leaves us with a complete and coherent picture of the collective behavior
of the Minority Game. Strikingly we find that the temperature like parameter
which is introduced in the choice behavior of individual agents turns out to
play the role, at the collective level, of the inverse of a thermodynamic
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124529 </DOCNO>
The Cosmic Infrared Background at 1.25 microns and 2.2 microns using


  Using the 2MASS 2nd Incremental Data Release and the Zodiacal-Subtracted
Mission Average maps of COBE/DIRBE, we estimate the cosmic background in the J
(1.25 micron) and K (2.2 microns) bands using selected areas representing 550
square degrees of sky. We find a J background of 22.9 \pm 7.0 kJy/sr (54.0 \pm
16.8 nW/m2/sr) and a K background of 20.4 \pm 4.9 kJy/sr (27.8 \pm 6.7
nW/m2/sr). This large scale study shows that the main uncertainty comes from
the residual zodiacal emission. The cosmic background we obtain is
significantly higher than integrated galaxy counts (3.6 \pm 0.8 kJy/sr and 5.3
\pm 1.2 kJy/sr for J and K, respectively), suggesting either an increase of the
galaxy luminosity function for magnitudes fainter than 30 or the existence of
another contribution to the cosmic background from primeval stars, black holes,
or relic particle decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149598 </DOCNO>
Super self-duality for Yang-Mills fields in dimensions greater than four


  Self-duality equations for Yang-Mills fields in d-dimensional Euclidean
spaces consist of linear algebraic relations amongst the components of the
curvature tensor which imply the Yang-Mills equations. For the extension to
superspace gauge fields, the super self-duality equations are investigated,
namely, systems of linear algebraic relations on the components of the
supercurvature, which imply the self-duality equations on the even part of
superspace. A group theory based algorithm for finding such systems is
developed. Representative examples in various dimensions are provided,
including the Spin(7) and G(2) invariant systems in d=8 and 7, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81403 </DOCNO>
Vector condensation in QCD


  The response of the QCD vacuum to quark chemical potentials on the order of
the pion mass is studied within the context of chiral perturbation theory. For
two colour QCD diquark condensation sets in when the baryon chemical potential
becomes larger than the pion mass. This leading order result is confirmed at
next to leading order. Next a set of massive spin-one vectors is included in
the effective Lagrangian and the vector masses are calculated at leading order.
Massless vector modes appear when the baryon chemical potential is equal to the
mass of the lightest vector at zero chemical potential. This suggest vector
condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41628 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangians Induced by the Anomalous Wess-Zumino Action and


  A simple dynamical model for the exotic waves with $I^G(J^{PC})=1^-(1^{-+})$
in the reactions $\rho\pi\to\rho\pi$, $\rho\pi\to\eta\pi$,
$\rho\pi\to\eta'\pi$, $ \rho\pi\to(K^*\bar K+\bar K^*K)$, and in the related
ones, is constructed beyond the scope of the quark-gluon approach. The model
satisfies unitarity and analyticity and uses as a "priming" the anomalous
non-diagonal $VPPP$ interaction which couples together the four channels
$\rho\pi$, $\eta\pi$, $ \eta'\pi$, and $K^*\bar K+\bar K^*K$. The possibility
of the resonance-like behavior of the $I^G(J^{PC})=1^-(1^{-+})$ amplitudes
belonging to the $\{10\}- \{\bar{10}\}$ and $\{8\}$ representations of SU(3) as
well as their mixing is demonstrated explicitly in the 1.3--1.6 GeV mass range
which, according to the current experiments, is really rich in exotics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75547 </DOCNO>
Scale-independent mixing angles


  A radiatively-corrected mixing angle has to be independent of the choice of
renormalization scale to be a physical observable. At one-loop in MS-bar, this
only occurs for a particular value, p*, of the external momentum in the
two-point functions used to define the mixing angle: p*^2=(M1^2+M2^2)/2, where
M1, M2 are the physical masses of the two mixed particles. We examine two
important applications of this to the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model:
the mixing angle for a) neutral Higgs bosons and b) stops. We find that this
choice of external momentum improves the scale independence (and therefore
provides a more reliable determination) of these mixing angles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113623 </DOCNO>
Instability of Shear Waves in an Inhomogeneous Strongly Coupled Dusty


  It is demonstrated that low frequency shear modes in a strongly coupled,
inhomogeneous, dusty plasma can grow on account of an instability involving the
dynamical charge fluctuations of the dust grains. The instability is driven by
the gradient of the equilibrium dust charge density and is associated with the
finite charging time of the dust grains. The present calculations, carried out
in the generalized hydrodynamic viscoelastic formalism, also bring out
important modifications in the threshold and growth rate of the instability due
to collective effects associated with coupling to the compressional mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125887 </DOCNO>
Tests of Galactic Cosmic Ray Source Models


  This report discusses the possibilities for observational tests of current
models and ideas regarding the origin of the Galactic Cosmic Rays using
facilities which are already available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149423 </DOCNO>
Four-Dimensional N=1 Super Yang-Mills Theory from an M-Theory Orbifold


  Gravitational and gauge anomalies provide stringent constraints on which
subset of chiral models can effectively describe M-theory at low energy. In
this paper, we explicitly construct an abelian orbifold of M-theory to obtain
an N=1, chiral super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions, using anomaly
matching to determine the entire gauge and representation structure. The model
described in this paper is the simplest four dimensional model which one can
construct from M-theory compactified on an abelian orbifold without
freely-acting involutions. The gauge group is SO(12) x SU(8) x SU(2) x SU(2) x
U(1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77097 </DOCNO>
Physics at the Light-Front


  The light-front representation of quantum chromodynamics provides a
frame-independent, quantum-mechanical representation of hadrons at the
amplitude level, capable of encoding their multi-quark, hidden-color and gluon
momentum, helicity, and flavor correlations in the form of universal
process-independent hadron wavefunctions. The universality and
frame-independence of the LCWF's thus allow a profound connection between
diffractive dissociation, hard scattering exclusive processes such as elastic
form factors, two-photon reactions, and heavy hadron decays. In this concluding
talk of the ECT* International Conference On Light-Cone Physics: Particles And
Strings (Trento 2001), I review recent calculations and new applications of
light-front wavefunctions in QCD and other theories. I also review the
distinction between the structure functions measured in deep inelastic lepton
scattering and the quark distributions determined from light-front
wavefunctions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169478 </DOCNO>
Intense laser interacting with a two level atom: WKB expressions for


  In a previous paper, we have already considered the system composed by a two
level atom interacting with a coherent external electromagnetic field. No
application whatsoever has been made of the rotating wave approximation. Being
specially interested in the problem of higher harmonic generations for the case
of very intense laser fields, we have developed in this letter a much more
efficient way to obtain these solutions as well as to carry out some
calculations in a range in which the parameters take extreme values. Also the
formalism allows us now to provide analytic expressions in the WKB regime for
the electric dipole moment and the population inversion. The spectrum can be
decomposed in periodic and non-periodic contributions. Only the latter depends
upon the Floquet exponent and can be responsible of the main complexities of
the observed Rabi revivals and the hyper-Raman shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127426 </DOCNO>
Optical observations of the dark Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 000210


  We report on optical observations on GRB 000210 obtained with the 2.56-m
Nordic Optical Telescope and the 1.54-m Danish Telescope starting 12.4 hours
after the gamma-ray event. The content of the X-ray error box determined by the
Chandra satellite is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98911 </DOCNO>
Projectively Dual Varieties


  This text is a draft of the review paper on projectively dual varieties.
Topics include dual varieties, Pyasetskii pairing, discriminant complexes,
resultants and schemes of zeros, secant and tangential varieties, Ein theorems,
applications of projective differential geometry and Mori theory to dual
varieties, degree and multiplicities of discriminants, self-dual varieties,
etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41038 </DOCNO>
Finding H0 -> bbbar at the LHC


  We have investigated the sensitivity of CMS for finding the Higgs boson in
the H0 -> bbbar channel. An excellent b-tagging performance and a good jet
resolution are the main requirements needed for a successful event selection.
In the Standard Model (SM), the ttbar H0 -> l+- nu qqbar bbbar bbbar channel is
accessible, if the Higgs mass is lighter than m(H0) = 125 GeV, already during
the first years of the LHC. Also, most of the MSSM (Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model) parameter space can be covered. The W+- H0 -> l+- nu bbbar
channel is only accessible with high luminosity at the LHC. In both channels
the mass can be determined with a precision of a few per cent and the Higgs
couplings at the level of 10%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127095 </DOCNO>
HI Shells Behind the Coalsack


  We report the discovery of two new large HI shells in the direction of the
Coalsack nebula. Both shells were observed with the Parkes Radio Telescope as
part of the Southern Galactic Plane Survey. The largest shell, GSH 304-00-12,
is at a distance of ~1.2 kpc and has derived physical dimensions of 280 x 200
pc. The second shell, GSH 305+01-24, is at a distance of ~2.2 kpc and has
derived dimensions of 280 x 440 pc. We present a simple numerical model to show
that GSH 305+01-24 most likely formed from stellar winds in the Centaurus OB1
stellar association. There is associated radio, infrared and H-alpha continuum
emission. Both shells are situated in the Sagittarius-Carina arm, with GSH
305+01-24 more distant. The far edge of GSH 304-00-12 is at the near side of
the arm and opens into the interarm region. We find no evidence for closure at
the near side of the shell and therefore describe the geometry as conical.
Emission from the near side of the shell may be lost in absorption by the
Coalsack Nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76833 </DOCNO>
Is dark energy the only solution to the apparent acceleration of the


  Even for the observed luminosity distance D_L(z) which suggests the existence
of the dark energy, we show that the inhomogeneous dust universe solution
without the dark energy is possible in general. Future observation of D_L(z)
for 1 \lesssim z < 1.7 may confirm or refute this possibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40717 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the $t\bar{t} production cross section in $p\bar{p}$


  We update the measurement of the top production cross section using the CDF
detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. This measurement uses $t\bar{t}$ decays to
the final states $e+\nu$+jets and $\mu+\nu$+jets. We search for $b$ quarks from
$t$ decays via secondary-vertex identification or the identification of
semileptonic decays of the $b$ and cascade $c$ quarks. The background to the
$t\bar{t}$ production is determined primarily through a Monte Carlo simulation.
However, we calibrate the simulation and evaluate its uncertainty using several
independent data samples. For a top mass of 175 $GeV/c^2$, we measure
$\sigma_{t\bar{t}}=5.1 \pm 1.5$ pb and $\sigma_{t\bar{t}}=9.2 \pm 4.3$ pb using
the secondary vertex and the lepton tagging algorithms, respectively. Finally,
we combine these results with those from other $t\bar{t}$ decay channels and
obtain $\sigma_{t\bar{t}} = 6.5^{+1.7}_{-1.4}$ pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99164 </DOCNO>
Isomonodromy equations on algebraic curves, canonical transformations


  The Hamiltonian theory of isomonodromy equations for meromorphic connections
with irregular singularities on algebraic curves is constructed. An explicit
formula for the symplectic structure on the space of monodromy and Stokes
matrices is obtained. The Whitham equations for the isomonodromy equations are
derived. It is shown that they provide a flat connection on the space of the
spectral curves of the Hitchin systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124478 </DOCNO>
Cold Molecular Gas, PDRs, and the Origin of HI in Galaxies


  In the currently-accepted model for star formation out of the interstellar
gas in galaxies, the basic construction material is assumed to be large clouds
of atomic hydrogen (HI). These clouds are thought to form higher-density
complexes of gas and dust, and turn molecular (H2). Stars then form out of this
molecular gas.
  In this paper arguments are advanced for a contrary view, in which the basic
construction material is cold molecular gas out of which the stars form
directly. HI appears in the region when the leftover H2 is illuminated with UV
photons from nearby young stars. The physics of photodissociation regions
provides a natural and quantitative explanation for the appearance of HI
envelopes around the clouds, and for CO(1-0) emission from the higher-density
parts of their surfaces. In this picture, much of the HI in a galaxy is a
product of the star formation process, not a precursor to it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169154 </DOCNO>
CNOT operator and its similar matrices in quantum computation


  We present a theoretical result, which is based on the linear algebra theory
(similar operators). The obtained theoretical results optimize the experimental
technique to construct quantum computer e.g., reduces the number of steps to
perform the logical CNOT (XOR) operation. The present theoretical technique can
also be generalized to the other operators in in quantum computation and
information theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76867 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric topological inflation model


  We propose a topological inflation model in supergravity. In this model, the
vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a scalar field takes a value much larger than
the gravitational scale $M_{G} \simeq 2.4 \times 10^{18}$ GeV, which is large
enough to cause topological inflation. On the other hand, expansions of the
K\"ahler potential and the superpotential beyond the gravitational scale are
validated by the introduction of a Nambu-Goldstone-like shift symmetry. Thus,
topological inflation inevitably takes place in our model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124305 </DOCNO>
Internal color gradients and the color-magnitude relation of early-type


  The traditional use of fixed apertures in determining the well known
color-magnitude (CM) relation of early type galaxies, coupled with the presence
of radial color gradients within these systems, introduces a bias in the CM
relation itself. The effect of this bias is studied here deriving a CM relation
which is based on color measurements carried out homogeneously within an
aperture of radius equal to that of the galaxy effective radius. A sample of 48
giant early-type galaxies in the Coma cluster, with CCD observations in the U-
and V-band, is used for this derivation. It is found that internal radial color
gradients in early-type galaxies cannot be neglected when discussing the colors
of these systems, and that the CM relation derived using color measurements
within the effective radius is significantly flatter than those based on
fixed-aperture color measurements. With the presently available data it is
impossible to determine whether the relation is completely flat, or whether a
small correlation is still present between galaxy color and luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74472 </DOCNO>
Symmetry Reduction, Gauge Transformation and Orbifold


  We study a mechanism of symmetry reduction in a higher-dimensional field
theory upon orbifold compactification. Split multiplets appear unless all
components in a multiplet of a symmetry group have a common parity on an
orbifold. A gauge transformation property is also examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7116 </DOCNO>
Euler-Poincare' Characteristic and Phase Transition in the Potts Model


  Recent results concerning the topological properties of random geometrical
sets have been successfully applied to the study of the morphology of clusters
in percolation theory. This approach provides an alternative way of inspecting
the critical behaviour of random systems in statistical mechanics. For the 2d
q-states Potts model with q <= 6, intensive and accurate numerics indicates
that the average of the Euler characteristic (taken with respect to the
Fortuin-Kasteleyn random cluster measure) is an order parameter of the phase
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168756 </DOCNO>
Simple applications of fundamental solution method in 1D quantum


  A method of fundamental solutions has been used to show its effectiveness in
solving some well known problems of 1D quantum mechanics (barrier penetrations,
over-barrier reflections, resonance states), i.e. those in which we look for
exponentially small contributions to semiclassical expansions for considered
quantities. Its usefulness for adiabatic transitions in two energy level
systems is also mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97695 </DOCNO>
Integrability of the Gauss-Codazzi-Mainardi equation in 2+1 dimensions


  Integrability of the (2+1)-dimensional Gauss-Codazzi-Mainardi equation is
considered. It is shown that this equation is the particular cases of the
Yang-Mills-Higgs-Bogomolny and self-dual Yang-Mills equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125492 </DOCNO>
The Luminosity of SN 1999by in NGC 2841 and the Nature of `Peculiar'


  We present UBVRI photometry and optical spectroscopy of the `peculiar' type
Ia supernova 1999by in NGC 2841. The observations began six days before visual
maximum light which is well-defined by daily observations. The light curves and
spectra are similar to the prototypical subluminous event SN 1991bg. We find
that maximum light in B occurred on 1999 May 10.3 UT (JD 24501308.8+/-0.3) with
B=13.66+/-0.02 and a color of B_max-V_max=0.51+/-0.03. The late-time color
implies minimal dust extinction from the host galaxy. Our photometry when
combined with the recent Cepheid distance to NGC 2841 (Macri et al. 2001) gives
a peak absolute magnitude of M_B=-17.15+/-0.23, making SN 1999by one of the
least luminous type Ia events ever observed. We estimate a decline-rate
parameter of dm15(B)=1.90, versus 1.93 for SN 1991bg where 1.10 is typical for
'normal' events. We compare SN 1999by with other subluminous events and find
that B_max-V_max color correlates strongly with decline rate and may be a more
sensitive indicator of luminosity than fading rate for these objects. We find a
good correlation between luminosity and the depth of the spectral feature at
580 nm, which had been attributed to Si II. We show that in cooler photospheres
the 580 nm feature is dominated by Ti II which provides a simple physical
explanation for the correlation. Using only subluminous type Ia supernovae we
derive a Hubble parameter of H_0=75 +12/-11 km/s/Mpc, consistent with values
found from brighter events.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5734 </DOCNO>
Strong electron correlations in cobalt valence tautomers


  We have examined cobalt based valence tautomer molecules such as
Co(SQ)$_2$(phen) using density functional theory (DFT) and variational
configuration interaction (VCI) approaches based upon a model Hamiltonian. Our
DFT results extend earlier work by finding a reduced total energy gap (order
0.6 eV) between high temperature and low temperature states when we fully relax
the coordinates (relative to experimental ones). Futhermore we demonstrate that
the charge transfer picture based upon formal valence arguments succeeds
qualitatively while failing quantitatively due to strong covalency between the
Co 3$d$ orbitals and ligand $p$ orbitals. With the VCI approach, we argue that
the high temperature, high spin phase is strongly mixed valent, with about 30 %
admixture of Co(III) into the predominantly Co(II) ground state. We confirm
this mixed valence through a fit to the XANES spectra. Moreover, the strong
electron correlations of the mixed valent phase provide an energy lowering of
about 0.2-0.3 eV of the high temperature phase relative to the low temperature
one. Finally, we use the domain model to account for the extraordinarily large
entropy and enthalpy values associated with the transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98587 </DOCNO>
The Riemann-Hilbert approach to strong asymptotics for orthogonal


  We consider polynomials that are orthogonal on $[-1,1]$ with respect to a
modified Jacobi weight $(1-x)^\alpha (1+x)^\beta h(x)$, with $\alpha,\beta>-1$
and $h$ real analytic and stricly positive on $[-1,1]$. We obtain full
asymptotic expansions for the monic and orthonormal polynomials outside the
interval $[-1,1]$, for the recurrence coefficients and for the leading
coefficients of the orthonormal polynomials. We also deduce asymptotic behavior
for the Hankel determinants. For the asymptotic analysis we use the steepest
descent technique for Riemann--Hilbert problems developed by Deift and Zhou,
and applied to orthogonal polynomials on the real line by Deift, Kriecherbauer,
McLaughlin, Venakides, and Zhou. In the steepest descent method we will use the
Szeg\H{o} function associated with the weight and for the local analysis around
the endpoints $\pm 1$ we use Bessel functions of appropriate order, whereas
Deift et al. use Airy functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76655 </DOCNO>
On Factorization, Quark Counting, and Vector Dominance


  Using an eikonal structure for the scattering amplitude, Block and Kaidalov
have derived factorization theorems for nucleon-nucleon, $\gamma p$ and
$\gamma\gamma$ scattering at high energies, using only some very general
assumptions. We present here an analysis giving experimental confirmation for
factorization of cross sections, nuclear slope parameters B and $\rho$-values
(ratio of real to imaginary portion of forward scattering amplitudes), showing
that: i) the three factorization theorems hold, ii) the additive quark model
holds to ~1%, and iii) vector dominance holds to better than ~4%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127903 </DOCNO>
The SAURON project. II. Sample and early results


  Early results are reported from the SAURON survey of the kinematics and
stellar populations of a representative sample of nearby E, S0 and Sa galaxies.
The survey is aimed at determining the intrinsic shape of the galaxies, their
orbital structure, the mass-to-light ratio as a function of radius, the age and
metallicity of the stellar populations, and the frequency of kinematically
decoupled cores and nuclear black holes. The construction of the representative
sample is described, and its properties are illustrated. A comparison with
long-slit spectroscopic data establishes that the SAURON measurements are
comparable to, or better than, the highest-quality determinations. Comparisons
are presented for NGC 3384 and NGC 4365 where stellar velocities and velocity
dispersions are determined to a precision of 6 km/s, and the h3 and h4
parameters of the line-of-sight velocity distribution to a precision of better
than 0.02. Extraction of accurate gas emission-line intensities, velocities and
line widths from the datacubes is illustrated for NGC 5813. Comparisons with
published line-strengths for NGC 3384 and NGC 5813 reveal uncertainties of <
0.1 A on the measurements of the Hbeta, Mgb and Fe5270 indices. Integral-field
mapping uniquely connects measurements of the kinematics and stellar
populations to the galaxy morphology. The maps presented here illustrate the
rich stellar kinematics, gaseous kinematics, and line-strength distributions of
early-type galaxies. The results include the discovery of a thin, edge-on, disk
in NGC 3623, confirm the axisymmetric shape of the central region of M32,
illustrate the LINER nucleus and surrounding counter-rotating star-forming ring
in NGC 7742, and suggest a uniform stellar population in the decoupled core
galaxy NGC 5813.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7403 </DOCNO>
Intra-chain correlation functions and shapes of homopolymers with


  We present results of Monte Carlo study of the monomer-monomer correlation
functions, static structure factor and asphericity characteristics of a single
homopolymer in the coil and globular states for three distinct architectures of
the chain: ring, open and star. To rationalise the results we introduce the
dimensionless correlation functions rescaled via the corresponding mean-squared
distances between monomers. For flexible chains with some architectures these
functions exhibit a large degree of universality by falling onto a single or
several distinct master curves. In the repulsive regime, where a stretched
exponential times a power law form (de Cloizeaux scaling) can be applied, the
corresponding exponents $\delta$ and $\theta$ have been obtained. The exponent
$\delta=1/\nu$ is found to be universal for flexible strongly repulsive coils
and in agreement with the theoretical prediction from improved higher-order
Borel-resummed renormalisation group calculations. The short-distance exponents
$\theta_{\upsilon}$ of an open flexible chain are in a good agreement with the
theoretical predictions in the strongly repulsive regime also. However,
increasing the Kuhn length in relation to the monomer size leads to their fast
cross-over towards the Gaussian behaviour. Likewise, a strong sensitivity of
various exponents $\theta_{ij}$ on the stiffness of the chain, or on the number
of arms in star polymers, is observed. The correlation functions in the
globular state are found to have a more complicated oscillating behaviour and
their degree of universality has been reviewed. Average shapes of the polymers
in terms of the asphericity characteristics, as well as the universal behaviour
in the static structure factors, have been also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41412 </DOCNO>
Prompt Photons and DVCS at HERA


  A recent analysis of prompt-photon events in ZEUS has led to a new
determination of the effective transverse parton momentum in the proton. The
observation of deeply virtual Compton scattering by ZEUS and H1, including a
first measurement of the DVCS cross section at HERA by H1, is also reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 282 </DOCNO>
All-electron magnetic response with pseudopotentials: NMR chemical


  A theory for the ab initio calculation of all-electron NMR chemical shifts in
insulators using pseudopotentials is presented. It is formulated for both
finite and infinitely periodic systems and is based on an extension to the
Projector Augmented Wave approach of Bloechl [P. E. Bloechl, Phys. Rev. B 50,
17953 (1994)] and the method of Mauri et al [F. Mauri, B.G. Pfrommer, and S.G.
Louie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 5300 (1996)]. The theory is successfully validated
for molecules by comparison with a selection of quantum chemical results, and
in periodic systems by comparison with plane-wave all-electron results for
diamond.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98361 </DOCNO>
Non-extendable isomorphisms between affine varieties


  In this paper, we report several large classes of affine varieties (over an
arbitrary field $K$ of characteristic 0) with the following property: each
variety in these classes has an isomorphic copy such that the corresponding
isomorphism cannot be extended to an automorphism of the ambient affine space
$K^n$. This implies, in particular, that each of these varieties has at least
two inequivalent embeddings in $K^n$.
 The following application of our results seems interesting: we show that lines
in $K^2$ are distinguished among irreducible algebraic retracts by the property
of having a unique embedding in $K^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72777 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Oscillations with Four Generations


  Recent status of neutrino oscillation phenomenology with four neutrinos is
reviewed. It is emphasized that the so-called (2+2)-scheme as well as the
(3+1)-scheme are still consistent with the recent solar and atmospheric
neutrino data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169087 </DOCNO>
Quantum times of arrival for multiparticle states


  Using the concept of crossing state and the formalism of second quantization,
we propose a prescription for computing the density of arrivals of particles
for multiparticle states, both in the free and the interacting case. The
densities thus computed are positive, covariant in time for time independent
hamiltonians, normalized to the total number of arrivals, and related to the
flux. We investigate the behaviour of this prescriptions for bosons and
fermions, finding boson enhancement and fermion depletion of arrivals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77051 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Energy and the Cosmological Constant


  We discuss a numerical relation between the cosmological constant and the
vacuum energy arising from the Casimir effect in extra dimensions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126727 </DOCNO>
A New Observational Upper Limit to the Low Redshift Ionizing Background


  We report a new Fabry-Perot search for Halpha emission from the intergalactic
cloud HI 1225+01 in an attempt to measure the low redshift ionizing background
radiation. We set a new 2 sigma upper limit on Halpha emission of 8 mR (5 x
10^{-20} ergs cm^{-2} s^{-1} arcsec^{-2}). Conversion of this limit to limits
on the strength of the ionizing background requires knowledge of the ratio of
the projected to total surface area of this cloud, which is uncertain. We
discuss the plausible range of this ratio, and within this range find that the
strength of the ionizing backround is in the lower range of, but consistent
with, previous observational and theoretical estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1801 </DOCNO>
Spatial reorientation of azobenzene side groups of a liquid crystalline


  The photoinduced 3D orientational structures in the films of liquid
crystalline polyester, containing azobenzene side groups, are studied both
experimentally and theoretically. By using the null ellipsometry and the UV
absorption methods, preferential in-plane alignment of the azobenzene fragments
and in-plane reorientation under irradiation with polarized UV light are
established. The uniaxial and biaxial orientational configurations of the
azobenzene chromophores are detected. The biaxiality is observed in the
intermediate stages of irradiation, whereas the uniaxial structure is
maintained in the photosaturated state. The components of the order parameter
tensor of the azobenzene fragments are estimated for the initial state and
after different doses of irradiation. The proposed theory takes into account
biaxiality of the induced structures. Numerical analysis of the master
equations for the order parameter tensor is found to yield the results that are
in good agreement with the experimental dependencies of the order parameter
components on the illumination time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97396 </DOCNO>
The Structure of The Group of Polynomial Matrices Unitary in The


  We consider the group M of all polynomial matrices U(z) = U0 + U1*z + U2*z*z
+...+Uk*z*...*z, k=0,1,... that satisfy equation U(z)*D*U(z)" = D with the
diagonal n*n matrix D=diag{-1,1,1,...1}. Here n > 1, U(z)" = U0" + U1"*z +
U2"*z*z + ..., and symbol A" for a constant matrix A denotes the Hermitiean
conjugate of A. We show that the subgroup M0 of those U(z) in M, that are
normalized by the condition U(0)=I, is the free product of certain groups. The
matrices in each group-multiples are explicitly and uniquely parametrized so
that every U=U(z) in M0 can be represented in the form U = G1 * G2 * ... * Gs
with n*n polynomial matrix multiples G1, G2, ..., each of which belong to its
group-multiple, and so that any two consecutive Gi and G(i+1) belong to two
different group-multiples. The uniqueness of such parametrization for a given U
includes the number of multiples s, their particular sequence G1,G2,... and the
multiples themselves with their respective parametrization; all these items can
be defined in only one way once the U is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179230 </DOCNO>
Model-independent analysis of the neutron-proton final-state interaction


  Experimental data on the pp -> pn pi^+ reaction measured in an exclusive
two-arm experiment at 800 MeV show a narrow peak arising from the strong
proton-neutron final-state interaction. It was claimed, within the framework of
a certain model, that this peak contained up to a 25% spin-singlet final state
contribution. By comparing the data with those of pp -> d pi^+ in a largely
model-independent way, it is here demonstrated that at all the angles measured
the whole of the peak could be explained as being due to spin-triplet final
states, with the spin-singlet being at most a few percent. Good qualitative
agreement with the measured proton analysing power is also found within this
approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113937 </DOCNO>
Standardizing distance and time


  Einstein's Equivalence Principle is used with the electromagnetic spectrum to
translate meters and seconds into radians and seconds. Based on a unique
geometric relationship, a new transformation of velocities and a changed
Lorentz transformation result. The physical angle of parallelism is quantified.
The way we measure distance and time is standardized, constructing a theory of
time and geometry to the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149335 </DOCNO>
Gauge-fixing Independence of Test Fields in Yang-Mills Theories


  We derive a generalized Nielsen identity for the case of Yang-Mills theories
that include some classical fields. We discuss under which circumstances the
effective action of the classical fields (i.e., after integration of quantum
fields) becomes gauge fixing independent. We conclude that classical test
fields provide a physical insight into the problem of the gauge-fixing
dependence of the quantum effective action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148446 </DOCNO>
Fully Off-shell Effective Action and its Supersymmetry in Matrix Theory


  As a step toward clarification of the power of supersymmetry (SUSY) in Matrix
theory, a complete calculation, including all the spin effects, is performed of
the effective action of a probe D-particle, moving along an arbitrary
trajectory in interaction with a large number of coincident source D-particles,
at one loop at order 4 in the derivative expansion. Furthermore, exploiting the
SUSY Ward identity developed previously, the quantum-corrected effective
supersymmetry transformation laws are obtained explicitly to the relevant order
and are used to verify the SUSY-invariance of the effective action. Assuming
that the agreement with 11-dimensional supergravity persists, our result can be
regarded as a prediction for supergravity calculation, which, yet unavailable,
is known to be highly non-trivial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73903 </DOCNO>
Reconstruction of the Earth's matter density profile using a single


  In this paper, we show numerically that a symmetric Earth matter density
profile can, in principle, be reconstructed from a single baseline energy
spectrum up to a certain precision. For the numerical evaluations in the high
dimensional parameter space we use a genetic algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7257 </DOCNO>
Coarse-graining polymers as soft colloids


  We show how to coarse grain polymers in a good solvent as single particles,
interacting with density-independent or density-dependent interactions. These
interactions can be between the centres of mass, the mid-points or end-points
of the polymers. We also show how to extend these methods to polymers in poor
solvents and mixtures of polymers. Treating polymers as soft colloids can
greatly speed up the simulation of complex many-polymer systems, including
polymer-colloid mixtures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75680 </DOCNO>
Anomalous chirality fluctuations in the initial stage of heavy ion


  We compute numerically the topological charge distribution in the initial
stage of a high energy heavy ion collision. This charge distribution is
generated by Chern-Simons number fluctuations associated with the dynamics of
strong classical fields in the initial state. The distribution is found to be
quite narrow at RHIC and LHC energies reflecting a small value of the
topological susceptibility. Thus the effective potential of classical fields is
shallow in the $\theta$-direction likely creating favorable conditions for the
subsequent generation of P-odd bubbles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148442 </DOCNO>
Holographic Renormalisation and Anomalies


  The Weyl anomaly in the Holographic Renormalisation Group as implemented
using Hamilton-Jacobi language is studied in detail. We investigate the
breakdown of the descent equations in order to isolate the Weyl anomaly of the
dual field theory close to the (UV) fixed point. We use the freedom of adding
finite terms to the renormalised effective action in order to bring the
anomalies in the expected form. We comment on different ways of describing the
bare and renormalised schemes, and on possible interpretations of the descent
equations as describing the renormalisation group flow non-perturbatively. We
find that under suitable assumptions these relations may lead to a class of
c-functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126473 </DOCNO>
Structural properties of spiral galaxies with and without an AGN:


  The analysis of a sample of 30 isolated spiral galaxies with and without an
AGN results in active and control galaxies having similar bulge and disk
properties (since both samples are selected to match in morphological and bar
classification, they have similar bar percentages). Secondary bars seem also to
be indistinguishable. The central kinematics (both stellar and gas) are also
studied in order to put some constraints on the processes required to fuel
AGNs. Together with previous results, this points to AGNs being an episode of
the life of galaxies, providing that the fuel is available and the accumulation
mechanisms are at work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83616 </DOCNO>
ABL: Alignment-Based Learning


  This paper introduces a new type of grammar learning algorithm, inspired by
string edit distance (Wagner and Fischer, 1974). The algorithm takes a corpus
of flat sentences as input and returns a corpus of labelled, bracketed
sentences. The method works on pairs of unstructured sentences that have one or
more words in common. When two sentences are divided into parts that are the
same in both sentences and parts that are different, this information is used
to find parts that are interchangeable. These parts are taken as possible
constituents of the same type. After this alignment learning step, the
selection learning step selects the most probable constituents from all
possible constituents.
  This method was used to bootstrap structure on the ATIS corpus (Marcus et
al., 1993) and on the OVIS (Openbaar Vervoer Informatie Systeem (OVIS) stands
for Public Transport Information System.) corpus (Bonnema et al., 1997). While
the results are encouraging (we obtained up to 89.25 % non-crossing brackets
precision), this paper will point out some of the shortcomings of our approach
and will suggest possible solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128097 </DOCNO>
Investigating the long-term evolution of galaxies: Noise,cuspy halos and


  I review the arguments for the importance of halo structure in driving galaxy
evolution and coupling a galaxy to its environment. We begin with a general
discussion of the key dynamics and examples of structure dominated by modes. We
find that simulations with large numbers of particles (N > 1e6) are required to
resolve the dynamics. Finally, I will describe some new results which
demonstrates that a disk bar can produce cores in a cuspy CDM dark-matter
profile within a gigayear. An inner Lindblad-like resonance couples the
rotating bar to halo orbits at all radii through the cusp, rapidly flattening
it. This resonance disappears for profiles with cores and is responsible for a
qualitative difference in bar-driven halo evolution with and without a cusp.
Although the bar gives up the angular momentum in its pattern to make the core,
the formation epoch is rich in accretion events to recreate or trigger a
classic stellar bar. The evolution of the cuspy inner halo by the
first-generation bar paves the way for a long-lived subsequent bar with low
torque and a stable pattern speed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124391 </DOCNO>
Unified Description of Plausible Cause and Effect of the Big Bang


  Plausible cause and effect of the big bang model are presented without
violating conventional laws of physics. The initial cosmological singularity is
resolved by introducing the uncertainty principle of quantum theory. We
postulate that, preceding the big bang at the end of the gravitational
collapse, the total observed mass including all forms of energy of the universe
condensed into the primordial black hole (PBH) in a state of isotropic and
minimal chaos (i.e., nearest to the absolute zero temperature). The frozen
energy of the collapsed state is quantized such that each quantum of frozen
energy (the cosmic particle) is characterized by the fundamental constants of
the general theory of relativity and of quantum theory. The minimum size and
minimum lifetime of the cosmic particle are estimated within the framework of
the uncertainty principle. It is considered that these cosmic particles are
bosons with intrinsic spin zero. The minimum size and thermodynamic properties
of the PBH are estimated within the framework of the Bose-Einstein statistics
by taking into account the total observed mass of the universe. The mechanism
of the big bang is given and the currently accepted Planck temperature at the
beginning of the big bang is predicted. The critical mass density, the mean
mass density, and the missing mass are calculated as a function of the Hubble
time of expansion. Our calculations show that the universe is closed but
expanding. However, the universe remains inside the event horizon of the
primordial black hole.
  Subj-class: cosmology: theory - pre-big bang physics; post-big bang effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96422 </DOCNO>
A universal R-matrix for the quantization of the Lie superalgebra


  Using the quantum double method, we construct a universal R-matrix for the
quantization of the Lie superalgebra D(2,1,x). We use this result to construct
a link invariant and show it coincides with a specialization of Kauffman's
Dubrovnik polynomial.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81248 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Monte Carlo simulation of the two-dimensional Wess-Zumino


  We study a Hamiltonian lattice version of the two-dimensional Wess-Zumino
model. Preliminary results obtained by Quantum Monte Carlo with a
many-parameter guiding wave function are presented. We analyze the pattern of
supersymmetry breaking by measuring the ground state energy and a set of
supersymmetric Ward identities. The algorithm is quite effective and allows
very precise measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126528 </DOCNO>
The Rest-Frame Optical Properties of z~3 Galaxies


  We present the results of a near-infrared imaging survey of z~3 Lyman Break
Galaxies (LBGs). The survey covers a total of 30 arcmin^2 and includes 118
photometrically selected LBGs with K_s band measurements, 63 of which also have
J band measurements, and 81 of which have spectroscopic redshifts. Using the
distribution of optical {\cal R} magnitudes from previous work and {\cal R}-K_s
colors for this sub-sample, we compute the rest-frame optical luminosity
function of LBGs. At the brightest magnitudes, where it is fairly well
constrained, this luminosity function strikingly exceeds locally determined
optical luminosity functions. The V-band luminosity density of only the
observed bright end of the z~3 LBG luminosity function already approaches that
of all stars in the local universe. For the 81 galaxies with measured
redshifts, we investigate the range of LBG stellar populations implied by the
photometry which generally spans the range 900--5500 AA in the rest-frame.
While there are only weak constraints on the parameters for most of the
individual galaxies, there are strong trends in the sample as a whole. A
unified scenario which accounts for the observed trends in bright LBGs is one
in which a relatively short period of very rapid star-formation (hundreds of
M_sun/yr) lasts for roughly 50--100 Myr, after which both the extinction and
star-formation rate are considerably reduced and stars are formed at a more
quiescent, but still rapid, rate for at least a few hundred Myr. In our sample,
a considerable fraction (~20%) of the LBGs have best-fit star-formation ages ~>
1 Gyr, implied stellar masses of ~> 10^10 M_sun, and are still forming stars at
\~30 M_sun/yr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6398 </DOCNO>
Quantum correlated twin atomic beams via photo-dissociation of a


  We study the process of photo-dissociation of a molecular Bose-Einstein
condensate as a potential source of strongly correlated twin atomic beams. We
show that the two beams can possess (ideally) perfect quantum squeezing in
their relative number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41653 </DOCNO>
Signals from extra dimensions decoupled from the compactification scale


  Multilocalization provides a simple way of decoupling the mass scale of new
physics from the compactification scale of extra dimensions. It naturally
appears, for example, when localization of fermion zero modes is used to
explain the observed fermion spectrum, leaving low energy remnants of the
geometrical origin of the fermion mass hierarchy. We study the phenomenology of
the simplest five dimensional model with order one Yukawa couplings reproducing
the standard fermion masses and mixing angles and with a light Kaluza-Klein
quark Q_{2/3} saturating experimental limits on V_{tb} and m_Q, and then with
observable new effects at Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128899 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal Hard X-Ray Emission from the Galactic Ridge


  We investigate the origin of the nonthermal X-ray emission from the Galactic
ridge in the range 10-200 keV. We consider bremsstrahlung of subrelativistic
cosmic ray protons and electrons as production processes. From the solution of
the kinetic equations describing the processes of particle in-situ acceleration
and spatial propagation we derive parameters of the spectra for protons and
electrons. For in-situ acceleration the flux of accelerated particles consists
mainly of protons since the ratio of the accelerated protons to electrons is
large and the flux of nuclei with charges Z>1 is strongly suppressed. Our
analysis has shown that the proton bremsstrahlung model is free from the
previously discussed problems of the high gamma-ray flux at MeV or at hundreds
of MeV energy regions. However, the model with proton bremsstrahlung requires
specific restrictions on the proton spectrum.The real problem of the proton
bremsstrahlung model is the large pressure of the accelerated protons in the
disk. For the electron origin of the ridge flux we do not have the problems of
the gamma-ray line and continuous fluxes. On the other hand the electron
bremsstrahlung model requires more effective acceleration of background
particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87303 </DOCNO>
Global Black Branes (Extended Global Defects Surrounded by Horizons),


  We study global defects coupled to higher-dimensional gravity with a negative
cosmological constant. This paper is mainly devoted to studying global black
brane solutions which are extended global defects surrounded by horizons. We
find series solutions in a few separated regions and confirm numerically that
they can be mutually connected. When the world volume of the brane is
Ricci-flat, the brane is surrounded by a degenerated horizon, while it is
surrounded by two horizons when the world volume has a positive constant
curvature. Each solution corresponds to an extremal and a non-extremal state,
respectively. Their causal structures resemble those of the
Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black holes in anti-de Sitter spacetime. However, the
non-extremal black brane is not a static object, but an inflating brane. In
addition, we briefly discuss a brane world model in the context of the global
black branes. We comment on a few thermodynamic properties of the global black
branes, and discuss a decrease of the cosmological constant on the brane world
through the thermodynamic instability of the non-extremal global black brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1840 </DOCNO>
Integer quantum Hall transition in the presence of a


  We theoretically study the effect of long-ranged inhomogeneities on the
critical properties of the integer quantum Hall transition. For this purpose we
employ the real-space renormalization-group (RG) approach to the network model
of the transition. We start by testing the accuracy of the RG approach in the
absence of inhomogeneities, and infer the correlation length exponent nu=2.39
from a broad conductance distribution. We then incorporate macroscopic
inhomogeneities into the RG procedure. Inhomogeneities are modeled by a smooth
random potential with a correlator which falls off with distance as a power
law, r^{-alpha}. Similar to the classical percolation, we observe an
enhancement of nu with decreasing alpha. Although the attainable system sizes
are large, they do not allow one to unambiguously identify a cusp in the
nu(alpha) dependence at alpha_c=2/nu, as might be expected from the extended
Harris criterion. We argue that the fundamental obstacle for the numerical
detection of a cusp in the quantum percolation is the implicit randomness in
the Aharonov-Bohm phases of the wave functions. This randomness emulates the
presence of a short-range disorder alongside the smooth potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123524 </DOCNO>
Extended Lyman Alpha Emission Around Young Quasars: a Constraint on


  The early stage in the formation of a galaxy inevitably involves a spatially
extended distribution of infalling, cold gas. If a central luminous quasar
turned on during this phase, it would result in significant extended Lyman
alpha emission, possibly accompanied by other lines. For halos condensing at
redshifts between 3 < z < 8 and having virial temperatures between 2 x 10^5 K
and 2 x 10^6 K, this emission results in a ``fuzz'' of characteristic angular
diameter of a few arcseconds, and surface brightness between 10^-18 and 10^-16
erg/s/cm^2/asec^2. The fuzz around bright, high redshift quasars could be
detected in deep narrow band imaging with current telescopes, providing a
direct constraint on galaxy formation models. The absence of detectable fuzz
might suggest that most that most of the protogalaxy's gas settles to a
self-gravitating disk before a quasar turns on. However, continued gas infall
from large radii, or an on-going merger spreading cold gas over a large solid
angle, during the luminous quasar phase could also result in extended
Ly$\alpha$ emission, and can be constrained by deep narrow band imaging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96773 </DOCNO>
Thick points for intersections of planar sample paths


  Let $L_n^{X}(x)$ denote the number of visits to $x \in {\bf Z}^2$ of the
simple planar random walk $X$, up till step $n$. Let $X'$ be another simple
planar random walk independent of $X$. We show that for any $0<b<1/(2 \pi)$,
there are $n^{1-2\pi b+o(1)}$ points $x \in {\bf Z}^2$ for which
$L_n^{X}(x)L_n^{X'}(x)\geq b^2 (\log n)^4$. This is the discrete counterpart of
our main result, that for any $a<1$, the Hausdorff dimension of the set of {\it
thick intersection points} $x$ for which $\limsup_{r \to 0} {\mathcal
I}(x,r)/(r^2|\log r|^4)=a^2$, is almost surely $2-2a$. Here ${\mathcal I}(x,r)$
is the projected intersection local time measure of the disc of radius $r$
centered at $x$ for two independent planar Brownian motions run till time 1.
The proofs rely on a `multi-scale refinement' of the second moment method. In
addition, we also consider analogous problems where we replace one of the
Brownian motions by a transient stable process, or replace the disc of radius
$r$ centered at $x$ by $x+rK$ for general sets $K$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128582 </DOCNO>
Coronal loop hydrodynamics. The solar flare observedon November 12 1980


  We revisit a well-studied solar flare whose X-ray emission originating from a
simple loop structure was observed by most of the instruments on board SMM on
November 12 1980. The X-ray emission of this flare, as observed with the XRP,
was successfully modeled previously. Here we include a detailed modeling of the
transition region and we compare the hydrodynamic results with the UVSP
observations in two EUV lines, measured in areas smaller than the XRP rasters,
covering only some portions of the flaring loop (the top and the foot-points).
The single loop hydrodynamic model, which fits well the evolution of coronal
lines (those observed with the XRP and the \FeXXI 1354.1 \AA line observed with
the UVSP) fails to model the flux level and evolution of the \OV 1371.3 \AA
line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5443 </DOCNO>
Klein Factors in multiple Fractional Quantum Hall edge tunneling


  A fractional quantum Hall liquid with multiple edges is considered. The
computation of transport quantities such as current, noise and noise cross
correlations in such multiple edge samples requires the implementation of so
called Klein factors, which insure the correct quasiparticle exchange
properties. The commutation relations of these factors are obtained by closing
the system into a single edge. The non-equilibrium Green's function formalism
associated with such factors is derived for a simple Laughlin fraction of the
Hall effect. It is shown explicitly how Klein factors enter the calculation of
the noise cross correlations, as well as the correction to the Poisson limit
for the noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150081 </DOCNO>
dS/CFT correspondence on a brane


  We study branes moving in an AdS Schwarzschild black hole background. When
the brane tension exceeds a critical value, the induced metric on the brane is
of FRW type and asymptotically de Sitter. We discuss the relevance of such
configurations to dS/CFT correspondence. When the black hole mass reaches a
critical value that depends on the brane tension, the brane interpolates in the
infinite past and future between a dS space and a finite space of zero Hubble
constant. This corresponds to a cosmological evolution without a Big Bang or a
Big Crunch. Moreover, the central charge of the CFT dual to the dS brane enters
the Cardy-Verlinde formula that gives the entropy of the thermal CFT dual to
the bulk AdS black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127880 </DOCNO>
Spectral Components of SS 433


  We present results from new optical and UV spectroscopy of the unusual binary
system SS 433, and we discuss the relationship of the particular spectral
components we observe to the properties of the binary. (1) The continuum
spectrum which we associate with flux from the super-Eddington accretion disk
and the dense part of its wind. (2) H-alpha moving components which are formed
far from the binary orbital plane in the relativistic jets. (3) H-alpha and He
I "stationary" emission lines which we suggest are formed in the disk wind in a
volume larger than the dimensions of the binary. (4) A weak "stationary"
emission feature we identify as a C II 7231,7236 blend that attains maximum
radial velocity at the orbital quadrature of disk recession. (5) Absorption and
emission features from outflowing clumps in the disk wind (seen most clearly in
an episode of blue-shifted Na I emission). (6) We found no clear evidence of
the absorption line spectrum of the optical star, although we point out the
presence of He I absorption features (blended with the stationary emission)
with the expected radial velocity trend at the orbital and precessional phases
when the star might best be seen. (7) A rich interstellar absorption spectrum
of diffuse interstellar bands. The results suggest that the binary is embedded
in an expanding thick disk (detected in recent radio observations) which is fed
by the wind from the super-Eddington accretion disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114461 </DOCNO>
New Approach to Nonlinear Dynamics of Fullerenes and Fullerites


  New type of nonlinear (anharmonic) excitations -- bushes of vibrational modes
-- in physical systems with point or space symmetry are discussed. All infrared
active and Raman active bushes for C60 fulerene are found by means of special
group-theoretical methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7391 </DOCNO>
Tip Splittings and Phase Transitions in the Dielectric Breakdown Model:


  We show that the fractal growth described by the dielectric breakdown model
exhibits a phase transition in the multifractal spectrum of the growth measure.
The transition takes place because the tip-splitting of branches forms a fixed
angle. This angle is eta dependent but it can be rescaled onto an
``effectively'' universal angle of the DLA branching process. We derive an
analytic rescaling relation which is in agreement with numerical simulations.
The dimension of the clusters decreases linearly with the angle and the growth
becomes non-fractal at an angle close to 74 degrees (which corresponds to eta=
4.0 +- 0.3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83527 </DOCNO>
A Classification of Symbolic Transition Systems


  We define five increasingly comprehensive classes of infinite-state systems,
called STS1--5, whose state spaces have finitary structure. For four of these
classes, we provide examples from hybrid systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128447 </DOCNO>
Massive molecular outflows


  Well established correlations of low-mass flows show a continuity in the
high-mass regime, and mean accretion rates for L>1000 Lsun are dM/dt~10^(-4)
Msun/yr. We also present a tight correlation between outflow masses and core
masses, which implies that the accretion rate is to first order a linear
function of the core mass. All those results support the idea that similar
physical processes drive outflows of all masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125084 </DOCNO>
HST/NICMOS detection of a partially embedded, intermediate-mass


  We present the detection of an intermediate-mass pre-main-sequence population
embedded in the nebular filaments surrounding the 30 Doradus region in the
Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using HST/NICMOS. In addition to four previously
known luminous Class I infrared ``protostars,'' the NICMOS data reveal 20 new
sources with intrinsic infrared excess similar to Galactic pre-main sequence
stars. Based on their infrared brightness, these objects can be identified as
the LMC equivalent of Galactic pre-main sequence stars. The faintest LMC Young
Stellar Objects in the sample have colors similar to T Tauri and have about the
same brightness as T Tauri if placed at the distance of the LMC. We find no
evidence for a lower-mass cut-off in the initial mass function. Instead, the
whole spectrum of stellar masses from pre-main sequence stars with ~1.5Mo to
massive O stars still embedded in dense knots appears to be present in the
nebular filaments. The majority of the young stellar objects can be found to
the north of the central starburst cluster R136. This region is very likely
evolving into an OB association.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128533 </DOCNO>
Chandra Observations of High Mass Young Stellar Objects in the Monoceros


  We observed the Monoceros R2 molecular cloud with the ACIS-I array onboard
the Chandra X-ray Observatory. From the central 3.2' x 3.2' region, we detect
154 sources above the detection limit of ~5x10^-16 ergs s^-1 cm^-2 with a
100 ks-exposure. About 85% of the X-ray sources are identified with an infrared
counterpart, including four high mass stars in zero age main sequence (ZAMS)
and/or pre main sequence (PMS) phase. The X-ray spectra of the high mass ZAMS
and PMS stars are represented with a thin thermal plasma model of a temperature
above 2 keV. The X-rays are time-variable and exhibit rapid flares. These high
temperature plasma and flaring activity are similar to those seen in low mass
PMS stars and contrary to the behavior observed in high mass main sequence
stars. The X-ray luminosity increases as the intrinsic K-band flux increases.
However, the X-ray luminosity saturates at a level of ~10^31 ergs s^-1. We
conclude that high mass ZAMS and PMS emit X-rays, possibly due to the magnetic
activity like those of low mass stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125537 </DOCNO>
Studying the Accretion Disks in Black Hole X-ray Binaries with


  Understanding the properties of the hot corona is very important for studying
the accretion disks in black hole X-ray binary systems. Using the Monte-Carlo
technique to simulate the inverse Compton scattering process between disk
photons and electrons in the hot corona, we have produced two table models in
the XSPEC package. Applying the models to the broad-band BeppoSAX observations
of the black hole candidate XTE J2012+381, we demonstrate the power of this
table model. Our results indicate that the electron distribution in the corona
has a powerlaw shape with a spectral index around 4 and the size of the corona
is just several tens of gravitational radius and the inclination angle of the
disk is around 60 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76631 </DOCNO>
Calculation of parity nonconservation in cesium and possible deviation


  We have calculated the 6s-7s parity nonconserving E1 transition amplitude
(E_{PNC}) in cesium. This calculation has been performed with higher numerical
accuracy than our 1989 calculation [V.A. Dzuba, V.V. Flambaum, and O.P.
Sushkov, Phys. Lett. A {\bf 141}, 147]. Also the Breit interaction has been
included and the radiative corrections estimated. Our final result is
E_{PNC}=0.902 (1 +/- 0.7%)iea_{B}(Q_{W}/N). This represents an improvement in
the accuracy of the calculation from the 1% error claimed in 1989. This result
corresponds to a nuclear weak charge for Cs, Q_{W}=-72.39 (1 +/- 0.4% (exp) +/-
0.7% (theory)). We conclude that there is no significant deviation from the
Standard Model value -73.09(3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81460 </DOCNO>
The critical point of lattice QCD on the \mu-T plane


  We propose a method to study lattice QCD at finite temperature and chemical
potential. We compare it with direct results and with the Glasgow method by
using n_f=4 QCD at Im(\mu)\neq 0. We locate the critical endpoint (E) of QCD on
the Re(\mu)-T plane. In this study we use n_f=2+1 dynamical staggered quarks
with semi-realistic masses on L_t=4 lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96635 </DOCNO>
Le cryptosysteme non-commutatif


  It is showed a new cryptosystem based on non-commutativ calculations of
matrices, more specially nilpotent matrices. The cryptosystem seems powerful to
restsist against usual attacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3662 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Magnetoviscosity and relaxation in ferrofluids"


  It is shown and discussed how the conventional system of hydrodynamic
equations for ferrofluids was derived. The set consists of the equation of
fluid motion, the Maxwell equations, and the magnetization equation. The latter
was recently revised by Felderhof [Phys. Rev. E, v.62, p.3848 (2000)]. His
phenomenological magnetization equation looks rather like corresponding
Shliomis' equation, but leads to wrong consequences for the dependence of
ferrofluid viscosity and magnetization relaxation time on magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129578 </DOCNO>
Resolved nuclear CO(1-0) emission in APM08279+5255: Gravitational


  The ultraluminous broad absorption line quasar APM08279+5255 is one of the
most luminous systems known. Here, we present an analysis of its nuclear
CO(1-0) emission. Its extended distribution suggests that the gravitational
lens in this system is highly elliptical, probably a highly inclined disk. The
quasar core, however, lies in the vicinity of naked cusp, indicating that
APM08279+5255 is truly the only odd-image gravitational lens. This source is
the second system for which the gravitational lens can be used to study
structure on sub-kpc scales in the molecular gas associated with the AGN host
galaxy. The observations and lens model require CO distributed on a scale of
$\sim 400$ pc. Using this scale, we find that the molecular gas mass makes a
significant, and perhaps dominant, contribution to the total mass within a
couple hundred parsecs of the nucleus of APM08279+5255.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5748 </DOCNO>
Pressure-Temperature Phase Diagram of Antiferromagnetism and


  We report the novel pressure($P$) - temperature($T$) phase diagram of
antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in CeRhIn$_5$ and CeIn$_3$ revealed by
the $^{115}$In nuclear-spin-lattice-relaxation ($T_1$) measurement. In the
itinerant magnet CeRhIn$_5$, we found that the N\'eel temperature $T_N$ is
reduced at $P \geq$ 1.23 GPa with an emergent pseudogap behavior. In CeIn$_3$,
the localized magnetic character is robust against the application of pressure
up to $P \sim$ 1.9 GPa, beyond which the system evolves into an itinerant
regime in which the resistive superconducting phase emerges. We discuss the
relationship between the phase diagram and the magnetic fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86699 </DOCNO>
Angle and Volume Studies in Quantized Space


  The search for a quantum theory of gravity is one of the major challenges
facing theoretical physics today. While no complete theory exists, a promising
avenue of research is the loop quantum gravity approach. In this approach,
quantum states are represented by spin networks, essentially graphs with
weighted edges. Since general relativity predicts the structure of space, any
quantum theory of gravity must do so as well; thus, "spatial observables" such
as area, volume, and angle are given by the eigenvalues of Hermitian operators
on the spin network states. We present results obtained in our investigations
of the angle and volume operators, two operators which act on the vertices of
spin networks. We find that the minimum observable angle is inversely
proportional to the square root of the total spin of the vertex, a fairly slow
decrease to zero. We also present numerical results indicating that the angle
operator can reproduce the classical angle distribution. The volume operator is
significantly harder to investigate analytically; however, we present
analytical and numerical results indicating that the volume of a region scales
as the 3/2 power of its bounding surface, which corresponds to the classical
model of space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148939 </DOCNO>
Mirror Symmetry and a $G_2$ Flop


  By applying mirror symmetry to D-branes in a Calabi-Yau geometry we shed
light on a $G_2$ flop in M-theory relevant for large $N$ dualities in ${\cal
N}=1$ supersymmetric gauge theories. Furthermore, we derive superpotential for
M-theory on corresponding $G_2$ manifolds for all A-D-E cases. This provides an
effective method for geometric engineering of ${\cal N}=1$ gauge theories for
which mirror symmetry gives exact information about vacuum geometry. We also
find a number of interesting dual descriptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150062 </DOCNO>
A note on the non-commutative Chern-Simons model on manifolds with


  We study field theories defined in regions of the spatial non-commutative
(NC) plane with a boundary present delimiting them, concentrating in particular
on the U(1) NC Chern-Simons theory on the upper half plane. We find that
classical consistency and gauge invariance lead necessary to the introduction
of $K_0$-space of square integrable functions null together with all their
derivatives at the origin. Furthermore the requirement of closure of $K_0$
under the *-product leads to the introduction of a novel notion of the
*-product itself in regions where a boundary is present, that in turn yields
the complexification of the gauge group and to consider chiral waves in one
sense or other. The canonical quantization of the theory is sketched
identifying the physical states and the physical operators. These last ones
include ordinary NC Wilson lines starting and ending on the boundary that yield
correlation functions depending on points on the one-dimensional boundary. We
finally extend the definition of the *-product to a strip and comment on
possible relevance of these results to finite Quantum Hall systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148794 </DOCNO>
Bicomplexes and Conservation Laws in Non-Abelian Toda Models


  A bicomplex structure is associated to the Leznov-Saveliev equation of
integrable models. The linear problem associated to the zero curvature
condition is derived in terms of the bicomplex linear equation. The explicit
example of a Non-Abelian Conformal Affine Toda model is discussed in detail and
its conservation laws are derived from the zero curvature representation of its
equation of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4665 </DOCNO>
On the Cooling of Electrons in a Silicon Inversion Layer


  The cooling of two-dimensional electrons in silicon-metal-oxide semiconductor
field effect transistors is studied experimentally. Cooling to the lattice is
found to be more effective than expected from the bulk electron-phonon coupling
in silicon. Unexpectedly, the extracted heat transfer rate to phonons at low
temperatures depends cubically on electron temperature, suggesting that
piezoelectric coupling (absent in bulk silicon) dominates over deformation
potential. According to our findings, at 100 mK, electrons farther than 0.1 mm
from the contacts are mostly cooled by phonons. Using long devices and low
excitation voltage we measure electron resistivity down to 100 mK and find that
some of the "metallic" curves, reported earlier, turn insulating below about
300 mK. This finding renders the definition of the claimed 2D metal-insulator
transition questionable. Previous low temperature measurements in silicon
devices are analyzed and thumb rules for evaluating their electron temperatures
are provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76316 </DOCNO>
Isospin Breaking in Low-Energy Charged Pion and Kaon Elastic Scattering


  We use chiral perturbation theory to evaluate the scattering amplitude for
the process Pi^+ K^- to Pi^+ K^- at leading and next-to-leading orders in the
chiral counting and in the presence of isospin breaking effects. We also
discuss the influence of the latter on the combination of the S-wave Pi K
scattering lengths which is relevant for the 2S - 2P energy levels shift of K
Pi atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3559 </DOCNO>
An Efficient Adaptive Procedure for Three-Dimensional Fragmentation


  We present a simple set of data structures, and a collection of methods for
constructing and updating the structures, designed to support the use of
cohesive elements in simulations of fracture and fragmentation. Initially all
interior faces in the triangulation are perfectly coherent, i.e., conforming
in the usual finite element sense. Cohesive elements are inserted adaptively at
interior faces when the effective traction acting on those face reaches the
cohesive strength of the material. The insertion of cohesive elements changes
the geometry of the boundary and, frequently, the topology of the model as
well. The data structures and methods presented here are straightforward to
implement and enable the efficient tracking of complex fracture and
fragmentation processes. The efficiency and versatility of the approach is
demonstrated with the aid of two examples of application to dynamic fracture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97691 </DOCNO>
Density Invariance of Certain Operational Quantities of Bounded Linear


  Based on ideas of R.W. Cross, a simplified proof is presented of the density
invariance of certain operational quantities associated with bounded linear
operators in normed vector spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127802 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of gravitational clustering V. Subleading corrections in the


  We investigate the properties of the standard perturbative expansions which
describe the early stages of the dynamics of gravitational clustering. We show
that for hierarchical scenarios with no small-scale cutoff perturbation theory
always breaks down beyond a finite order $q_+$. Besides, the degree of
divergence increases with the order of the perturbative terms so that
renormalization procedures cannot be applied. Nevertheless, we explain that
despite the divergence of these subleading terms the results of perturbation
theory are correct at leading order because they can be recovered through a
steepest-descent method which does not use such perturbative expansions.
Finally, we investigate the simpler cases of the Zel'dovich and Burgers
dynamics. In particular, we show that the standard Burgers equation exhibits
similar properties. This analogy suggests that the results of the standard
perturbative expansions are valid up to the order $q_+$ (i.e. until they are
finite). Moreover, the first ``non-regular'' term of a large-scale expansion of
the two-point correlation function should be of the form $R^{-2} \sigma^2(R)$.
At higher orders the large-scale expansion should no longer be over powers of
$\sigma^2$ but over a different combination of powers of 1/R. However, its
calculation requires new non-perturbative methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97285 </DOCNO>
Orbifolding Frobenius Algebras


  We study the general theory of Frobenius algebras with group actions. These
structures arise when one is studying the algebraic structures associated to a
geometry stemming from a physical theory with a global finite gauge group, i.e.
orbifold theories. In this context, we introduce and axiomatize these algebras.
Furthermore, we define a geometric cobordism categories whose functors to the
category of vector spaces are parameterized by these algebras. The theory is
also extended to the graded and super-graded cases. As an application, we
consider Frobenius algebras having some additional properties making them more
tractable. These properties are present in Frobenius algebras arising as
quotients of Jacobian ideal, such as those having their origin in
quasi-homogeneous singularities and their symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2317 </DOCNO>
Electron Spin Resonance of Ni-doped CuGeO$_3$ in the paramagnetic,


  We have performed Electron Spin Resonance measurements on single crystals of
the doped spin-Peierls compounds CuGe$_{1-y}$Si$_y$O$_3$ and
Cu$_{1-x}$M$_x$GeO$_3$ with M = Zn, Mg, Ni ($x, y\leq 0.1$). The first part of
our experiments was performed in the paramagnetic and spin-Peierls phases at
9.5, 95 and 190 GHz. All non-magnetic impurities (Si, Zn and Mg) were found to
hardly affect the position and linewidth of the single line resonance, in spite
of the moment formation due to the broken chains. In contrast to Si, Zn and
Mg-doping, the presence of Ni (S = 1) at low concentration induces a
spectacular shift towards high fields of the ESR line (up to 40% for x=0.002),
together with a large broadening. This shift is strictly proportional to the
ratio of Ni to Cu susceptibilities: Hence it is strongly enhanced below the
spin-Peierls transition. We interpret this shift and the broadening as due to
the exchange field induced by the Ni ions onto the strongly exchange coupled Cu
spins. Second, the antiferromagnetic resonance was investigated in Ni-doped
samples. The frequency vs magnetic field relation of the resonance is well
explained by the classical theory with orthorhombic anisotropy, with $g$ values
remarkably reduced, in accordance with the study of the spin-Peierls and
paramagnetic phases. The easy, second-easy, and hard axes are found to be $a$,
$c$, and $b$ axes, respectively. These results, which are dominated by the
single ion anisotropy of Ni$^{2+}$, are discussed in comparison with those in
the Zn- and Si-doped CuGeO$_3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73060 </DOCNO>
On the Scale of Visible Jets in High Energy Electron-Positron Collisions


  A study of the dynamical fluctuation property of jets is carried out using
the Monte Carlo method. The results suggest that, the anisotropy of dynamical
fluctuations in the hadronic system inside jets, changes abruptly with the
variation of the cut parameter y_cut. A transition point exists, where these
fluctuations behave like those in soft hadronic collisions, i.e. being circular
in the transverse plane with respect to dynamical fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2996 </DOCNO>
An Analytic Study of the E-e Jahn-Teller Polaron


  An analytic study is presented of the E-e Jahn-Teller (JT) polaron. The
Hamiltonian is mapped onto a new Hilbert space, which is isomorphic to an
eigenspace of the angular momentum operator J, belonging to a fixed eigenvalue
j of J. In this representation, the Hamiltonian decomposes into a Holstein term
and a residual JT interaction. While the ground state of the JT polaron is
shown to belong to j=1/2, the Holstein polaron is obtained for the "unphysical"
value j=0. This is the optimal form of the Hamiltonian, which can be achieved
by purely analytic means, allowing the JT and the Holstein polaron to be
treated in a unified framework. The new Hamiltonian is then subjected to a
variational treatment, yielding the dispersion relations and effective masses
for both polarons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96845 </DOCNO>
An Integral PBW Basis of the Quantum Affine Algebra of Type


  We construct an integral PBW basis and an integral crystal basis of the
quantum affine algebra of type A$_{2}^{(2)}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1147 </DOCNO>
Some remarks about pseudo gap behavior of nearly antiferromagnetic


  In the antiferromagnetically ordered phase of a metal, gaps open on parts of
the Fermi surface if the Fermi volume is sufficiently large. We discuss simple
qualitative and heuristic arguments under what conditions precursor effects,
i.e. pseudo gaps, are expected in the paramagnetic phase of a metal close to an
antiferromagnetic quantum phase transition. At least for weak interactions, we
do not expect the formation of pseudo gaps in a three dimensional material.
According to our arguments, the upper critical dimension d_c for the formation
of pseudo gaps is d_c=2. However, at the present stage we cannot rule out a
higher upper critical dimension, 2 < d_c <= 3. We also discuss briefly the role
of statistical interactions in pseudo gap phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97516 </DOCNO>
Filtrations of random processes in the light of classification theory.


  Filtered probability spaces (called "filtrations" for short) are shown to
satisfy such a topological zero-one law: for every property of filtrations,
either the property holds for almost all filtrations, or its negation does. In
particular, almost all filtrations are conditionally nonatomic.
 An accurate formulation is given in terms of orbit equivalence relations on
Polish G-spaces. The set of all isomorphic classes of filtrations may be
identified with the orbit space X/G for a special Polish G-space X. A "property
of filtrations" means a G-invariant subset of X having the Baire property.
"Almost all filtrations" means a comeager subset of X (the Baire category
approach). The zero-one law is a kind of ergodicity of X. It holds for
filtrations both in discrete and continuous time.
 The interplay between probability theory and descriptive set theory could be
interesting for both parties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128606 </DOCNO>
Testing the Unified Model with an Infrared Selected Sample of Seyferts


  We present a series of statistical tests using homogeneous data and
measurements for a sample of Seyfert galaxies. These galaxies were selected
from mostly isotropic properties, their far infrared fluxes and warm infrared
colors, which provide a considerable advantage over the criteria used by most
investigators in the past, like ultraviolet excess. Our results provide strong
support for a Unified Model in which Seyferts 2's contain a torus seen more
edge-on than in Seyferts 1's and show that previous results showing the
opposite were most likely due to selection effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73021 </DOCNO>
Calculation of master integrals by difference equations


  In this paper we describe a new method of calculation of master integrals
based on the solution of systems of difference equations in one variable. An
explicit example is given, and the generalization to arbitrary diagrams is
described. As example of application of the method, we have calculated the
values of master integrals for single-scale massive three-loop vacuum diagrams,
three-loop self-energy diagrams, two-loop vertex diagrams and two-loop box
diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179660 </DOCNO>
Multipole Expansion for Relativistic Coulomb Excitation


  We derive a general expression for the multipole expansion of the
electro-magnetic interaction in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, which can be
employed in higher-order dynamical calculations of Coulomb excitation. The
interaction has diagonal as well as off-diagonal multipole components,
associated with the intrinsic and relative coordinates of projectile and
target. A simple truncation in the off-diagonal components gives excellent
results in first-order perturbation theory for distant collisions and for beam
energies up to 200 MeV/nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41563 </DOCNO>
B-parameters of the complete set of matrix elements of (Delta B = 2)


  We compute on the lattice the ``bag'' parameters of the five (Delta B = 2)
operators of the supersymmetric basis, by combining their values determined in
full QCD and in the static limit of HQET. The extrapolation of the QCD results
from the accessible heavy-light meson masses to the B-meson mass is constrained
by the static result. The matching of the corresponding results in HQET and in
QCD is for the first time made at NLO accuracy in the MSbar(NDR)
renormalization scheme. All results are obtained in the quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2665 </DOCNO>
Gauge-Invariant Formulation of Fermi's Golden Rule: Application to


  A gauge-invariant formulation of Fermi's Golden rule is proposed. We shall
rivisit the conventional description of carrier-phonon scattering in the
presence of high electric fields by means of a gauge-invariant density-matrix
approach. We show that the so-called Intracollisional Field Effect - as usually
accounted for - does not exist: it is simply an artifact due to the neglect of
the time variation of the basis states which, in turn, leads to a ill-defined
Markov limit in the carrier-phonon interaction process. This may account for
the surprisingly good agreement between semiclassical and rigorous
quantum-transport calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113399 </DOCNO>
The Heats of Reactions. Calorimetry and Van't-Hoff. 3


  Earlier, the author found that for the biggest part of chemical reactions the
law of conservation of energy must have the following form: dU=dQ+PdV+SUM. In
the present paper this result is confirmed by other experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95757 </DOCNO>
The shape theorem for the frog model


  In this work we prove a shape theorem for a growing set of Simple Random
Walks (SRWs), known as frog model. The dynamics of this process is described as
follows: There are some active particles, which perform independent SRWs, and
sleeping particles, which do not move. When a sleeping particle is hit by an
active particle, it becomes active too. We prove that the set of the original
positions of all the active particles, rescaled by the elapsed time, converges
to some compact convex set. In some specific cases we are able to identify (at
least partially) this set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168106 </DOCNO>
Signatures of the Pair-Coherent State


  We explore in detail the possibility of generating a pair-coherent state in
the non-degenerate parametric oscillator when decoherence is included. Such
states are predicted in the transient regime in parametric oscillation where
the pump mode is adiabatically eliminated. Two specific signatures are examined
to indicate whether the state of interest has been generated, the Schrodinger
cat state - like signatures, and the fidelity. Solutions in a transient regime
reveal interference fringes which are indicative of the formation of a
Schrodinger cat state. The fidelity indicates the purity of our prepared state
compared to the ideal pair-coherent state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75814 </DOCNO>
QCD thermodynamics at finite density


  Recent progress in extending finite temperature lattice QCD simulations from
the $T$ axis into the finite density plane is reviewed. The covered topics are
a calculation of the transition line by multidimensional reweighting, screening
mass calculations in dimensionally reduced QCD and simulations at imaginary
$\mu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125663 </DOCNO>
Heating of Intracluster Gas by Jet Activities of AGN: Is the


  We investigate the non-gravitational heating of hot gas in clusters of
galaxies (intracluster medium; ICM) on the assumption that the gas is heated
well before cluster formation ('preheating'). We examine the jet activities of
radio galaxies as the sources of excess energy in ICM, and the deformation of
the cosmic microwave background (the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect) by hot
electrons produced at the jet terminal shocks. We show that the observed excess
entropy of ICM and {\sl COBE/FIRAS} upper limit for the Compton $y$-parameter
are compatible with each other only when the heating by the jets occurred at
relatively small redshift ($z\lesssim 3$). Since this result contradicts the
assumption of 'preheating', it suggests that the heating occurred
simultaneously with or after cluster formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98953 </DOCNO>
A Meshalkin theorem for projective geometries


  Let M be a family of sequences (a_1,...,a_p) where each a_k is a flat in a
projective geometry of rank n (dimension n-1) and order q, and the sum of
ranks, r(a_1) + ... + r(a_p), equals the rank of the join a_1 v ... v a_p. We
prove upper bounds on |M| and corresponding LYM inequalities assuming that (i)
all joins are the whole geometry and for each k<p the set of all a_k's of
sequences in M contains no chain of length l, and that (ii) the joins are
arbitrary and the chain condition holds for all k. These results are q-analogs
of generalizations of Meshalkin's and Erdos's generalizations of Sperner's
theorem and their LYM companions, and they generalize Rota and Harper's
q-analog of Erdos's generalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6190 </DOCNO>
Comparable system-level organization of Archaea and Eukaryotes


  A central and long-standing issue in evolutionary theory is the origin of the
biological variation upon which natural selection acts1. Some hypotheses
suggest that evolutionary change represents an adaptation to the surrounding
environment within the constraints of an organism's innate characteristics.
Elucidation of the origin and evolutionary relationship of species has been
complemented by nucleotide sequence and gene content analyses, with profound
implications for recognizing life's major domains. Understanding of
evolutionary relationships may be further expanded by comparing systemic
higher-level organization among species. Here we employ multivariate analyses
to evaluate the biochemical reaction pathways characterizing 43 species.
Comparison of the information transfer pathways of Archaea and Eukaryotes
indicates a close relationship between these domains. In addition, whereas
eukaryotic metabolic enzymes are primarily of bacterial origin, the
pathway-level organization of archaeal and eukaryotic metabolic networks is
more closely related. Our analyses therefore suggest that during the symbiotic
evolution of eukaryotes, incorporation of bacterial metabolic enzymes into the
proto-archaeal proteome was constrained by the host's pre-existing metabolic
architecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73605 </DOCNO>
Supernova Constraints on Neutrino Mass and Mixing


  In this article I review the constraints on neutrino mass and mixing coming
from type-II supernovae. The bounds obtained on these parameters from shock
reheating, r-process nucleosynthesis and from SN1987A are discussed. Given the
current constraints on neutrino mass and mixing the effect of oscillations of
neutrinos from a nearby supernova explosion in future detectors will also be
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128829 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Populations of the Cetus Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy


  We present Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 photometry in
the V and I passbands of the recently discovered Local Group dwarf spheroidal
galaxy in Cetus. Our color-magnitude diagram extends from above the first
ascent red giant branch (RGB) tip to approximately half a magnitude below the
horizontal branch (HB). Adopting a reddening of E(B-V) = 0.03, the magnitude of
the RGB tip yields a distance modulus of (m-M)o = 24.46 +/- 0.14. After
applying the reddening and distance modulus, we have utilized the color
distribution of RGB stars to determine a mean metal abundance of [Fe/H] = -1.7
on the Zinn & West scale with an intrinsic internal abundance dispersion of
+/-0.2 dex. An indirect calculation of the HB morphology of Cetus based on the
mean dereddened HB color yields (B-R)/(B+V+R) = -0.91 +/- 0.09, which
represents an HB that is redder than what can be attributed solely to Cetus'
metal abundance. As such, Cetus suffers from the `second parameter effect' in
which another parameter besides metallicity is controlling the HB morphology.
If we adopt the conventional `age hypothesis' explanation for the second
parameter effect, then this implies that Cetus is 2-3 Gyr younger than Galactic
globular clusters at its metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74230 </DOCNO>
QCD Duality and the Mass of the Charm Quark


  The mass of the charm quark is analyzed in the context of QCD finite energy
sum rules using recent BESII e+e- annihilation data and a large momentum
expansion of the QCD correlator which incorporates terms to order (alpha_s)^2
(m_c^2/q^2)^6. Using various versions of duality, we obtain the consistent
result m_c(m_c)=(1.37 +- 0.09)GeV. Our result is quite independent of the ones
based on the inverse moment analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2232 </DOCNO>
Transmittance quantities probability distributions of waves through


  Waves propagate through disordered systems in a variety of regimes. There is
a threshold of disorder beyond which waves become localized and transport
becomes restricted. The intensity I of the wave transmitted through a system
has a dependence on the length L of the sample that is characteristic of the
regime. For example, I decays as 1/L in the diffusive regime. It is of current
interest to characterize the transport regime of a wave from statistical
studies of the transmittance quantities through it. Studies suggest that the
probability distribution of the intensity could be used to characterize the
localized regime. There is an ongoing debate on what deviations from the
classical Rayleigh distribution are to be expected. In this numerical work, we
use scalar waves to obtain the intensity, transmission, and conductance of
waves through a disordered system. We calculate the intensity, by setting an
incoming plane wave towards the sample from a fixed direction. The outgoing
intensity is then calculated at one point in space. This process is repeated
for a collection of samples belonging to the same ensemble that characterizes
the disorder, and we construct the probability distribution of the intensity.
In the case of transmission, we evaluate the field arriving to a series of
points distributed in the far field, and repeat the same statistical analysis.
For the conductance, we calculate the field at the same series of points for
incoming waves in different directions. We analyze the distribution of the
transmittance quantities and their change with the degree of disorder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6015 </DOCNO>
Phase Diagram for the Hofstadter butterfly and integer quantum Hall


  We give a perspective on the Hofstadter butterfly (fractal energy spectrum in
magnetic fields), which we have shown to arise specifically in
three-dimensional(3D) systems in our previous work. (i) We first obtain the
`phase diagram' on a parameter space of the transfer energies and the magnetic
field for the appearance of Hofstadter's butterfly spectrum in anisotropic
crystals in 3D. (ii) We show that the orientation of the external magnetic
field can be arbitrary to have the 3D butterfly. (iii) We show that the
butterfly is beyond the semiclassical description. (iv) The required magnetic
field for a representative organic metal is estimated to be modest ($\sim 40$
T) if we adopt higher Landau levels for the butterfly. (v) We give a simpler
way of deriving the topological invariants that represent the quantum Hall
numbers (i.e., two Hall conductivity in 3D, $\sigma_{xy}, \sigma_{zx}$, in
units of $e^2/h$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148389 </DOCNO>
Skyrmions on the Two-Sphere


  We study static solutions of the Skyrme model on the two-sphere of radius L,
for various choices of potential. The high-density Skyrmion phase corresponds
to the ratio beta=L/(size of Skyrmion) being small, whereas the low-density
phase corresponds to beta being large. The transition between these two phases,
and in particular the behaviour of a relevant order parameter, is examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4304 </DOCNO>
Layer Analysis of the Structure of Water Confined in Vycor Glass


  A Molecular Dynamics simulation of the microscopic structure of water
confined in a silica pore is presented. A single cavity in the silica glass has
been modeled as to reproduce the main features of the pores of real Vycor
glass. A layer analysis of the site-site radial distribution functions evidence
the presence in the pore of two subsets of water molecules with different
microscopic structure. Molecules which reside in the inner layer, close to the
center of the pore, have the same structure as bulk water but at a temperature
of 30 K higher. On the contrary the structure of the water molecules in the
outer layer, close to the substrate, is strongly influenced by the
water-substrate hydrophilic interaction and sensible distortions of the H-bond
network and of the orientational correlations between neighboring molecules
show up. Lowering the hydration has little effect on the structure of water in
the outer layer. The consequences on experimental determinations of the
structural properties of water in confinement are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168590 </DOCNO>
Quantum Zeno phenomena: pulsed versus continuous measurement


  The time evolution of an unstable quantum mechanical system coupled with an
external measuring agent is investigated. According to the features of the
interaction Hamiltonian, a quantum Zeno effect (hindered decay) or an inverse
quantum Zeno effect (accelerated decay) can take place, depending on the
response time of the apparatus. The transition between the two regimes is
analyzed for both pulsed and continuous measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168448 </DOCNO>
Klein Paradox for Optical Scattering from Excited Targets


  The well known Klein paradox for the relativistic Dirac wave equation
consists in the computation of possible ``negative probabilities'' induced by
certain potentials in some regimes of energy. The paradox may be resolved
employing the notion of electron-positron pair production in which the number
of electrons present in a process can increase. The Klein paradox also exists
in Maxwell's equations viewed as the wave equation for photons. In a medium
containing ``inverted energy populations'' of excited atoms, e.g. in a LASER
medium, one may again compute possible ``negative probabilities''. The
resolution of the electromagnetic Klein paradox is that when the atoms decay,
the final state may contain more photons then were contained the initial state.
The optical theorem total cross section for scattering photons from excited
state atoms may then be computed as negative within a frequency band with
matter induced amplification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95781 </DOCNO>
Elimination Theory in Codimension Two


  New formulas are given for Chow forms, discriminants and resultants arising
from (not necessarily normal) toric varieties of codimension 2. Exact
descriptions are also given for the secondary polygon and for the Newton
polygon of the discriminant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73259 </DOCNO>
Do neutrino oscillations allow an extra phenomenological parameter?


  The quantity $\xi$ introduced recently in the phenomenological description of
neutrino oscillations is in fact not a free parameter, but a fixed number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83704 </DOCNO>
Hinged Kite Mirror Dissection


  Any two polygons of equal area can be partitioned into congruent sets of
polygonal pieces, and in many cases one can connect the pieces by flexible
hinges while still allowing the connected set to form both polygons. However it
is open whether such a hinged dissection always exists. We solve a special case
of this problem, by showing that any asymmetric polygon always has a hinged
dissection to its mirror image. Our dissection forms a chain of kite-shaped
pieces, found by a circle-packing algorithm for quadrilateral mesh generation.
A hinged mirror dissection of a polygon with n sides can be formed with O(n)
kites in O(n log n) time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179589 </DOCNO>
Decay Process Sigma to 2 Pions and Chiral Phase Transition


  The decay process sigma to 2 pions at high temperature and density and its
relation with chiral phase transition are discussed in the framework of the NJL
model. The decay rate for the process sigma to 2 pions is calculated in the
whole temperature and density region. The contribution of the final state pion
statistics to the decay rate is discussed. The maximum decay rate at different
chemical potential is computed. Finally, we investigate the relation between
the starting point of the decay process and the critical point of the
first-order chiral phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97941 </DOCNO>
The product formula for Lusternik-Schnirelmann category


  If C=C_\phi denotes the mapping cone of an essential phantom map \phi from
the suspension of the Eilenberg-Mac Lane complex K=K(Z,5) to the 4-sphere S=S^4
we derive the following properties: (1) The LS category of the product of C
with any n-sphere S^n is equal to 3; (2) The LS category of the product of C
with itself is equal to 3, hence is strictly less than twice the LS category of
C. These properties came to light in the course of an unsuccessful attempt to
find, for each positive integer m, an example of a pair of 1-connected
CW-complexes of finite type in the same Mislin (localization) genus with LS
categories m and 2m. If \phi is such that its p-localizations are inessential
for all primes p, then by the main result of [J. Roitberg, The
Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of certain infinite CW-complexes, Topology 39
(2000), 95-101], the pair C_*, C where C_*= S wedge \Sigma ^2 K, provides such
an example in the case m=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95767 </DOCNO>
Integrable systems associated with the Bruhat Poisson structures


  The purpose of this note is to give a simple description of a (complete)
family of functions in involution on certain hermitian symmetric spaces. This
family, obtained via bi-hamiltonian approach using the Bruhat Poisson
structure, is especially simple for the projective spaces, where the formulas
in terms of the moment map coordinates are presented. We show how these
functions are related to the Gelfand-Tsetlin coordinates. We also show how the
Lenard scheme can be applied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75786 </DOCNO>
High Transverse Momentum Physics at the Large Hadron Collider


  This note summarizes many detailed physics studies done by the ATLAS and CMS
Collaborations for the LHC, concentrating on processes involving the production
of high mass states. These studies show that the LHC should be able to
elucidate the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking and to study a variety
of other topics related to physics at the TeV scale. In particular, a Higgs
boson with couplings given by the Standard Model is observable in several
channels over the full range of allowed masses. Its mass and some of its
couplings will be determined. If supersymmetry is relevant to electroweak
interactions, it will be discovered and the properties of many supersymmetric
particles elucidated. Other new physics, such as the existence of massive gauge
bosons and extra dimensions can be searched for extending existing limits by an
order of magnitude or more.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75533 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Gluon Evolution in the Color Glass Condensate: II


  We complete the construction of the renormalization group equation (RGE) for
the Color Glass Condenstate begun in Paper I. This is the equation which
governs the evolution with rapidity of the statistical weight function for the
color glass field. The coefficients in this equation --- one-loop real and
virtual contributions --- are computed explicitly, to all orders in the color
glass field. The resulting RGE can be interpreted as the imaginary-time
evolution equation, with rapidity as the ``imaginary time'', for a quantum
field theory in two spatial dimensions. In the weak field limit it reduces to
the BFKL equation. In the general non-linear case, it is equivalent to an
equation by Weigert which summarizes in functional form the evolution equations
for Wilson line operators previously derived by Balitsky and Kovchegov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81325 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature phase transition, adjoint Polyakov loop and topology


  We investigate the phase structure of pure SU(2) LGT at finite temperature in
the mixed fundamental and adjoint representation modified with a Z2 monopole
chemical potential. The decoupling of the finite temperature phase transition
from unphysical zero temperature bulk phase transitions is analyzed with
special emphasis on the continuum limit. The possible relation of the adjoint
Polyakov loop to an order parameter for the finite temperature phase transition
and to the topological structure of the theory is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174751 </DOCNO>
Production of $\omega$ mesons in proton-proton collisions


  The cross section for the production of $\omega$ mesons in proton-proton
collisions has been measured in a previously unexplored region of incident
energies. Cross sections were extracted at 92 MeV and 173 MeV excess energy,
respectively. The angular distribution of the $\omega$ at $\epsilon$=173 MeV is
strongly anisotropic, demonstrating the importance of partial waves beyond pure
s-wave production at this energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98295 </DOCNO>
Absolutely Graded Floer homologies and intersection forms for


  In an earlier paper (math.SG/0110169), we introduced absolute gradings on the
three-manifold invariants developed in math.SG/0101206 and math.SG/0105202.
Coupled with the surgery long exact sequences, we obtain a number of three- and
four-dimensional applications of this absolute grading including strengthenings
of the ``complexity bounds'' (from math.SG/0101206), restrictions on knots
whose surgeries give rise to lens spaces, and calculations of $\HFp$ for a
variety of three-manifolds. Moreover, we show how the structure of $\HFp$
constrains the exoticness of definite intersection forms for smooth
four-manifolds which bound a given three-manifold. In addition to these new
applications, the techniques also provide alternate proofs of Donaldson's
diagonalizability theorem and the Thom conjecture for $\CP{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149564 </DOCNO>
On the dilaton and the axion potentials


  We extend the Vecchia-Veneziano-Witten (VVW) model of QCD in the chiral limit
and for large colour number $N_c$, by introducing an effective dilaton-gluon
coupling from which we derive both the axion and dilaton potentials.
Furthermore, using a string inspired model, we determine a new interquark
potential as a perturbative series in terms of the interquark distance $r$. Our
potential goes beyond Dick one obtained in [8] and shares the same features as
the Bian-Huang-Shen potential $V_{BHS}$ which depends only on odd powers of $r$
[22].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4599 </DOCNO>
Memory effects in vibrated granular systems


  Granular materials present memory effects when submitted to tapping
processes. These effects have been observed experimentally and are discussed
here in the context of a general kind of model systems for compaction
formulated at a mesoscopic level. The theoretical predictions qualitatively
agree with the experimental results. As an example, a particular simple model
is used for detailed calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168541 </DOCNO>
Extremal equation for optimal completely-positive maps


  We derive an extremal equation for optimal completely-positive map which most
closely approximates a given transformation between pure quantum states.
Moreover, we also obtain an upper bound on the maximal mean fidelity that can
be attained by the optimal approximate transformation. The developed formalism
is applied to universal-NOT gate, quantum cloning machines, quantum entanglers,
and qubit theta-shifter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98016 </DOCNO>
On the minimal free resolution of $n+1$ generic forms


  We consider the minimal free resolution of a generic set of n+1 forms (not
necessarily of the same degree) in a polynomial ring of n variables. The
Hilbert function for such an ideal is known, thanks to a result of Stanley and
of Watanabe. (For more than n+1 forms the Hilbert function is conjectured by
Froberg.) However, in all but a few trivial cases, the resolution is not known.
A conjecture of Iarrobino says that apart from Koszul syzygies, there should be
no overlaps in the twists occurring in the free modules in the resolution. We
are able to find the precise minimal free resolutions in many cases (depending
on n and on the particular degrees) and give good bounds in many other cases.
As a result, we see that Iarrobino's conjecture does not hold and we begin to
have an understanding of what causes this failure. We conjecture that there are
no such overlaps when all n+1 generators have the same degree. In the process
of achieving these results, we extend a result of Boij by giving the graded
Betti numbers of a generic Gorenstein algebra when n is even and the socle
degree is large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1159 </DOCNO>
From pseudomorphic to orthomorphic growth of Fe films on Cu3Au(001)


  A few theoretical models predict Fe to display both ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic phases, depending on the volume of the unit cell. A proper
choice of the substrate allows the growth of thin Fe overlayers with structures
different from the bcc bulk one. The Cu3Au(001) substrate is a suitable
candidate for testing these magnetic properties since it has a lattice
parameter (3.75 Angstroms) which lies closer to the ferromagnetic fcc Fe phase
(3.66 Angstroms) than to the ferromagnetic bcc phase (4.07 Angstroms). We have
investigated Fe films up to 40 Angstroms thickness by means of Grazing
Incidence X-Ray Diffraction (GIXRD) and Photo/Auger-Electron Diffraction (ED).
The combination of GIXRD and ED allows one to obtain quantitative information
on the in-plane spacing "a" from the former technique, and the ratio between
the vertical spacing "c" and "a", from the latter one. At low coverage the film
grows pseudomorphic to the fcc substrate up to a limit thickness of 10
Angstroms. Above this limit the film is characterized by the coexistence of the
pseudomorphic phase with another tetragonally strained phase. The latter phase
is shown to fall on the epitaxial curve of tetragonally distorted fcc Fe phase.
Finally, above 17 Angstroms the development of a body centered phase "alpha",
whose unit cell is rotated of 45 deg. with respect to the substrate one, has
been clearly observed. "alpha" is the dominating phase for film thickness
higher than 25 Angstroms and its lattice constant evolves towards the
orthomorphic phase in strict quantitative agreement with epitaxial curves
calculated for the tetragonally distorted bcc iron phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113905 </DOCNO>
Information Mechanics


  Using the Schrodinger kernal the equality between the negative expected log
probability measure of information and the product of the translational
eigenstates of time and energy, is derived. A physical interpretation is shown
in the tunneling event of classical to non-classical origin. Defining the
quantity of real information as an equivalent area in phase space, the Gaussian
pulse is shown to be one natural unit of classical data. With the development
of the one-to-one corespondence between a mathematical degree of freedom and
the non-commuting volume of phase space that began with Gabor, a quantizaion
rule of allocating log(e) of information to a rank of the frame of reference is
given. Using the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle the interference phenomenon
of the two slit experiment is investigated and properly accounted for. Lasty
the spin of mass is discussed and an electron is shown as one unit of
information of value log(e).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81402 </DOCNO>
O(a) improved QCD: The 3-loop beta-function, and the critical hopping


  We calculate the 3-loop bare $\beta$-function of QCD, formulated on the
lattice with the clover fermionic action. The dependence of our result on the
number of colors $N$, the number of fermionic flavors $N_f$, and the clover
parameter $c_{SW}$, is shown explicitly. A direct outcome of our calculation is
the two-loop relation between the bare coupling constant $g_0$ and the one
renormalized in the MS-bar scheme. Further, we can immediately derive the
three-loop correction to the relation between the lattice $\Lambda$-parameter
and $g_0$, which turns out to be very pronounced.
  We also calculate the critical value of the hopping parameter, $\kappa_c$, in
the clover action, to two loops in perturbation theory. This quantity is an
additive renormalization; as such, it exhibits a linear divergence in the
lattice spacing. We compare our results to non perturbative evaluations of
$\kappa_c$ coming from MC simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179657 </DOCNO>
GRS computation of deep inelastic electron scattering on 4He


  We compute cross sections for inclusive scattering of high energy electrons
on 4He, based on the two lowest orders of the Gersch-Rodriguez-Smith (GRS)
series. The required one- and two-particle density matrices are obtained from
non-relativistic 4He wave functions using realistic models for the
nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon interaction. Predictions for E=3.6 GeV agree
well with the NE3 SLAC-Virginia data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7118 </DOCNO>
The origin of fat tailed distributions in financial time series


  A classic problem in physics is the origin of fat tailed distributions
generated by complex systems. We study the distributions of stock returns
measured over different time lags $\tau.$ We find that destroying all
correlations without changing the $\tau = 1$ d distribution, by shuffling the
order of the daily returns, causes the fat tails almost to vanish for $\tau>1$
d. We argue that the fat tails are caused by known long-range volatility
correlations. Indeed, destroying only sign correlations, by shuffling the order
of only the signs (but not the absolute values) of the daily returns, allows
the fat tails to persist for $\tau >1$ d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87275 </DOCNO>
Cosmic inventory of energy densities: issues and concerns


  The dynamics of our universe is characterised by the density parameters for
cosmological constant ($\Omega_V$), nonbaryonic darkmatter($\Omega_{\rm
wimp}$), radiation ($\Omega_R$) and baryons ($\Omega_B$). To these parameters
-- which describe the smooth background universe -- one needs to add at least
another dimensionless number ($\sim 10^{-5}$) characterising the strength of
primordial fluctuations in the gravitational potential, in order to ensure
formation of structures by gravitational instability.
  I discuss several issues related to the description of the universe in terms
of these numbers and argue that we do not yet have a fundamental understanding
of these issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 489 </DOCNO>
Epitaxial growth of Cu on Cu(001): experiments and simulations


  A quantitative comparison between experimental and Monte Carlo simulation
results for the epitaxial growth of Cu/Cu(001) in the submonolayer regime is
presented. The simulations take into account a complete set of hopping
processes whose activation energies are derived from semi-empirical
calculations using the embedded-atom method. The island separation is measured
as a function of the incoming flux and the temperature. A good quantitative
agreement between the experiment and simulation is found for the island
separation, the activation energies for the dominant processes, and the
exponents that characterize the growth. The simulation results are then
analyzed at lower coverages, which are not accessible experimentally, providing
good agreement with theoretical predictions as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148541 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum of QED$_{1+1}$ in the framework of the DLCQ method


  We investigate the influence of the fermion field boundary conditions on the
spectrum and wavefunctions of QED$_{1+1}$ in the Discretized Light-Cone
Quantization formalism suggested by Pauli and Brodsky.
  The basic lesson is that one Fourier mode (namely the zero mode) can be
decisive for even the ground state mass. The choice of boundary conditions is
seen to be not important, if and only if all degrees of freedom are treated
properly. This is still a problem for light-cone quantization in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124835 </DOCNO>
Testing the transition layer model of quasi-periodic oscillations in


  We compare the theoretical predictions of the transition layer model with
some observational features of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in neutron
star X-ray binaries. We found that the correlation between horizontal branch
oscillation (HBO) frequencies and kilohertz (kHz) QPO frequencies, the
difference between the low-frequency QPOs in atoll sources and HBOs in Z
sources, and the correlation between the frequencies of low-frequency QPOs and
break frequencies can be well explained by the transition layer model, provided
the neutron star mass is around 1.4 solar mass and the angle between
magnetosphere equator and accretion disk plane is around 6 degree. The observed
decrease of peak separation between two kHz QPO frequencies with the increase
of kHz QPO frequencies and the increase of QPO frequencies with the increase of
inferred mass accretion rate are also consistent with the theoretical
predictions of transition layer model. In addition, we derive a simple equation
that can be adopted to estimate the angle ($\delta$) between magnetosphere
equator and accretion disk plane by use of the simultaneously observed QPO
frequency data. We estimate these angles, in the range of 4 to 8 degrees, for
five Z sources and two atoll sources. The nearly constant $\delta$ value for
each source, derived from the different sets of simultaneously observed QPO
frequency data, provides a strong test of the theoretical model. Finally, we
suggest that the similar transition layer oscillations may be also responsible
for the observed QPOs in accretion-powered millisecond X-ray pulsar and
Galactic black hole candidates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126033 </DOCNO>
Physical properties and small-scale structure of the Lyman-alpha forest:


  We study the physical properties of the Lyman-alpha forest by applying the
inversion method described by Pichon et al. (2001) to the high resolution and
high S/N ratio spectrum of the z_em=2.40 quasar HE 1122-1628 obtained during
Science Verification of UVES at the VLT. We compare the column densities
obtained with the new fitting procedure with those derived using standard Voigt
profile methods. The agreement is good and gives confidence in the new
description of the Lyman-alpha forest as a continuous field as derived from our
method. We show that the observed number density of lines with logN>13 and 14
is, respectively, 50 and 250 per unit redshift at z~2. We study the physical
state of the gas, neglecting peculiar velocities, assuming a relation between
the overdensity and the temperature. T=Tbar * rho^(2beta). There is an
intrinsic degeneracy between the parameters beta and Tbar. We demonstrate that,
at a fixed beta, the temperature at mean density, Tbar, can be uniquely
extracted however. While applying the method to HE 1122-1628, we conclude that
for 0.2<beta<0.3, 6000<Tbar<15000 K at z~2. We investigate the small scale
structure of strong absorption lines using the information derived from the
Lyman-beta, Lyman-gamma and Civ profiles. Introducing the Lyman-beta line in
the fit allows us to reconstruct the density field up to rho~10 instead of 5
for the Lyman-alpha line only. There may be small velocity shifts ~10km.s^{-1}
between the peaks in the Civ and Hi density profiles. Although the statistics
is small, it seems that Civ/Hi and n_HI are anti-correlated. This could be a
consequence of the high sensitivity of the Civ/Hi ratio to temperature. The
presence of associated Ovi absorption, with similar profile, confirms that the
gas is photo-ionized and at a temperature of T~10^5 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74776 </DOCNO>
Semileptonic decays of double heavy baryons


  We study the semileptonic decays of the lowest lying double heavy baryons
using the relativistic three-quark model. We do not employ a heavy quark mass
expansion but keep the masses of the heavy quarks and baryons finite. We
calculate all relevant form factors and decay rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126462 </DOCNO>
A Map of the Ionized Component of the Intermediate Velocity Cloud


  The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) Northern Sky Survey is revealing that
many intermediate-velocity (|v_LSR| <= 100 km/s) neutral clouds and complexes
have an associated ionized component. We present the first map of the H-Alpha
emission from an intermediate- or high-velocity structure: Complex K. This
large, high-latitude feature stretches from l = 10 to 70 degrees, b = +30 to
+70 degrees and peaks in velocity over v_LSR ~ -60 to -80 km/s. The neutral and
ionized gas generally trace each other quite well in the complex, but the
detailed structure is not identical. In particular, the H-Alpha emission peaks
in brightness at slightly higher Galactic longitudes than corresponding 21 cm
features. The ionized gas has a peak H-Alpha intensity of 0.5 Rayleighs,
corresponding to an emission measure of 1.1 cm^-6 pc. Structures in the complex
are traced by WHAM down to about 0.1 Rayleighs (0.2 cm^-6 pc). Typical line
widths of the H-Alpha emission are ~ 30 km/s, limiting temperatures in the
ionized gas to < 20,000 K. If radiation is the primary ionizing mechanism, the
Lyman continuum flux required to sustain the most strongly emitting ionized
regions is 1.2 x 10^6 photons cm^-2 s^-1. There appears to be no local, stellar
source capable of maintaining the ionization of the gas; however, the required
ionizing flux is consistent with current models of the escape of Lyman
continuum radiation from OB stars in the disk and of ionizing radiation
produced by cooling supernova remnants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73134 </DOCNO>
Hybrid Quarkonia with Dynamical Sea Quarks


  We present a dynamical lattice calculation with 2 flavours for bottomonium
states with an additional gluonic excitation. Using improved actions for the
quarks and gauge fields at a lattice spacing of $a \approx 0.1$ fm, we find
10.977(61)(62) GeV for the energy of the lowest lying $b\bar bg$-hybrid, where
the first error is statistical and the second denotes the systematic
uncertainty due to the determination of scale. In a parallel quenched
simulation we demonstrate explicitly that vacuum polarisation effects are less
than 10% of the splitting with the ground state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4186 </DOCNO>
Coherent oscillations and incoherent tunnelling in one - dimensional


  For a model 1d asymmetric double-well potential we calculated so-called
survival probability (i.e. the probability for a particle initially localised
in one well to remain there). We use a semiclassical (WKB) solution of
Schroedinger equation. It is shown that behaviour essentially depends on
transition probability, and on dimensionless parameter which is a ratio of
characteristic frequencies for low energy non-linear in-well oscillations and
inter wells tunnelling. For the potential describing a finite motion
(double-well) one has always a regular behaviour. For the small value of the
parameter there is well defined resonance pairs of levels and the survival
probability has coherent oscillations related to resonance splitting. However
for the large value of the parameter no oscillations at all for the survival
probability, and there is almost an exponential decay with the characteristic
time determined by Fermi golden rule. In this case one may not restrict oneself
to only resonance pair levels. The number of perturbed by tunnelling levels
grows proportionally to the value of this parameter (by other words instead of
isolated pairs there appear the resonance regions containing the sets of
strongly coupled levels). In the region of intermediate values of the parameter
one has a crossover between both limiting cases, namely the exponential decay
with subsequent long period recurrent behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6864 </DOCNO>
Quantum dynamics in two and three-dimensional quasiperiodic tilings


  We investigate the properties of electronic states in two and
three-dimensional quasiperiodic structures: the generalized Rauzy tilings.
Exact diagonalizations, limited to clusters with a few thousands sites, suggest
that eigenstates are critical and more extended at the band edges than at the
band center. These trends are clearly confirmed when we compute the spreading
of energy-filtered wavepackets, using a new algorithm which allows to treat
systems of about one million sites. The present approach to quantum dynamics,
which gives also access to the low frequency conductivity, opens new
perspectives in the analyzis of two and three-dimensional models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75143 </DOCNO>
Sneutrino-Antisneutrino Mixing and Neutrino Mass in Anomaly--mediated


  In supersymmetric models with nonzero Majorana neutrino mass, the sneutrino
and antisneutrino mix, which may lead to same sign dilepton signals in future
collider experiments. We point out that the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry
breaking scenario has a good potential to provide an observable rate of such
signals for the neutrino masses suggested by the atmospheric and solar neutrino
oscillations. The sneutrino mixing rate is naturally enhanced by
m_{3/2}/m_{\tilde{\nu}}={\cal O}(4\pi/\alpha) while the sneutrino decay rate is
small enough on a sizable portion of the parameter space. We point out also
that the sneutrino-antisneutrino mixing can provide much stronger information
on some combinations of the neutrino masses and mixing angles than neutrino
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96342 </DOCNO>
Hochschild cohomology of triangular matrix algebras


  We prove the existence of two long exact sequences relating the Hochschild
cohomology of a triangular matrix algebra with the Hochschild homology of its
component subalgebras. We also study the structure of the maps of the first
sequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113390 </DOCNO>
The Geometry of Spacetimes (such as the Kerr solution) that are


  The purpose of the present paper is to extend the Variable Rest Mass (VRM)
Interpretation and the telemetric system of measurment to the case of
stationary but non-static spacetimes, especially the Kerr solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148187 </DOCNO>
Integrable Sigma-models and Drinfeld-Sokolov Hierarchies


  Local commuting charges in sigma-models with classical Lie groups as target
manifolds are shown to be related to the conserved quantities appearing in the
Drinfeld-Sokolov (generalized mKdV) hierarchies. Conversely, the
Drinfeld-Sokolov construction can be used to deduce the existence of commuting
charges in these and in wider classes of sigma-models, including those whose
target manifolds are exceptional groups or symmetric spaces. This establishes a
direct link between commuting quantities in integrable sigma-models and in
affine Toda field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148176 </DOCNO>
Formation of Spherical D2-brane from Multiple D0-branes


  We study D-branes in SU(2) WZW model by means of the boundary state
techniques. We realize the ``fuzzy sphere'' configuration of multiple D0-branes
as the boundary state with the insertion of suitable Wilson line. By making use
of the path-integral representation we show that this boundary state preserves
the appropriate boundary conditions and leads to the Cardy state describing a
spherical D2-brane under the semi-classical approximation. This result directly
implies that the spherical D2-brane in SU(2) WZW model can be well described as
the bound state of D0-branes.
  After presenting the supersymmetric extension, we also investigate the BPS
and the non-BPS configurations of D-branes in the NS5 background. We
demonstrate that the non-BPS configurations are actually unstable, since they
always possess the open string tachyons. We further notice that the stable BPS
bound state constructed by the tachyon condensation is naturally interpreted as
the brane configuration of fuzzy sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97110 </DOCNO>
On Kan fibrations for Maltsev algebras


  We prove that any surjective homomorphism of simplicial Maltsev algebras is a
Kan fibration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73418 </DOCNO>
How to observe fluctuating temperature?


  We provide arguments that event-by-event (EBE) analysis of multiparticle
production data are ideal place to search for the possible fluctuation of
temperature characterizing hadronizing source in thermodynamical approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98531 </DOCNO>
Topological complexity of motion planning


  In this paper we study a notion of topological complexity for the motion
planning problem. The topological complexity is a number which measures
discontinuity of the process of motion planning in the configuration space X.
More precisely, it is the minimal number k such that there are k different
motion planning rules, each defined on an open subset of XxX, so that each rule
is continuous in the source and target configurations. We use methods of
algebraic topology (the Lusternik - Schnirelman theory) to study the
topological complexity . We give an upper bound (in terms of the dimension of
the configuration space X) and also a lower bound (in the terms of the
structure of the cohomology algebra of X). We explicitly compute the
topological complexity of motion planning for a number of configuration spaces:
for spheres, two-dimensional surfaces, for products of spheres. In particular,
we completely calculate the topological complexity of the problem of motion
planning for a robot arm in the absence of obstacles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168404 </DOCNO>
General Schemes for multi-particle d-dimensional Cat-like State


  Two kinds of $M$-particle d-dimensional cat-like state teleportation
protocols are present. In the first protocol, the teleportation is achieved by
d-dimensional Bell-basis measurements, while in the second protocol it is
realized by d-dimensional GHZ-basis measurement. It is also shown that the
second protocol has a simple mathematical formulation that is identical to
Bennett et al's original teleportation protocol for an unknown state of a
single particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41064 </DOCNO>
First Results from the PHOBOS Experiment at RHIC


  PHOBOS is one of four experiments studying Au-Au collisions at RHIC. During
the first running period RHIC provided Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ =
56 GeV and 130 GeV. The data collected during this period allowed us to study
the energy and centrality dependence of particle production, the anisotropy of
the final state azimuthal distribution and particle ratios at mid-rapidity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98829 </DOCNO>
On the Discrete Spectrum of a Pseudo-Relativistic Two-Body Pair Operator


  We prove Cwikel-Lieb-Rosenbljum and Lieb-Thirring type bounds on the discrete
spectrum of a two-body pair operator and calculate spectral asymptotics for the
eigenvalue moments and the local spectral density in the pseudo-relativistic
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81170 </DOCNO>
Chiral Properties of Pseudoscalar Mesons on a Quenched $20^4$ Lattice


  The chiral properties of the pseudoscalar mesons are studied numerically on a
quenched $20^4$ lattice with the overlap fermion. We elucidate the role of the
zero modes in the meson propagators, particularly that of the pseudoscalar
meson. The non-perturbative renormalization constant $Z_A$ is determined from
the axial Ward identity and is found to be almost independent of the quark mass
for the range of quark masses we study; this implies that the $O(a^2)$ error is
small. The pion decay constant, $f_{\pi}$, is calculated from which we
determine the lattice spacing to be 0.148 fm. We look for quenched chiral log
in the pseudoscalar decay constants and the pseudoscalar masses and we find
clear evidence for its presence. The chiral log parameter $\delta$ is
determined to be in the range 0.15 -- 0.4 which is consistent with that
predicted from quenched chiral perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149919 </DOCNO>
Canonical approach to 2D supersymmetric WZNW model coupled to


  Starting from the known representation of the Kac-Moody algebra in terms of
the coordinates and momenta, we extend it to the representation of the super
Kac-Moody and super Virasoro algebras. Then we use general canonical method to
construct an action invariant under local gauge symmetries, where components of
the super energy-momentum tensor $L_\pm$ and $G_\pm$ play the role of the
diffeomorphisms and supersymmetries generators respectively. We obtain
covariant extension of WZNW theory with respect to local supersymmetry as well
as explicit expressions for gauge transformations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179517 </DOCNO>
Spin-isospin excitations and beta+/EC half-lives of medium-mass deformed


  A selfconsistent approach based on a deformed HF+BCS+QRPA method with
density-dependent Skyrme forces is used to describe beta+ decay properties in
even-even deformed proton rich nuclei. Residual spin-isospin forces are
included in the particle-hole and particle-particle channels. The quasiparticle
basis contains neutron-neutron and proton-proton pairing correlations in the
BCS approach, while neutron-proton pairing interaction is treated as a residual
force in QRPA. We discuss the sensitivity of Gamow-Teller strength
distributions and beta+/EC half-lives to deformation, pairing and the strength
of the particle-particle interaction. The dependence on deformation is also
compared to that of spin M1 strength distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148202 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Chern-Simons Solitons


  The Chern-Simons theories on a noncommutative plane, which is shown to be
describing the quantum Hall liquid, is considered. We introduce matter fields
fundamentally coupled to the noncommutative Chern-Simons field. Exploiting BPS
equations for the nonrelativistic Chern-Simons theory, we find the exact
solutions of multi vortices that are closely packed and exponentially
localized. We determine the position, the size and the angular momentum
explicitly. We then construct the solutions of two spatially separated vortices
and determine the moduli dependence of the size and the angular momentum. We
also consider the relativistic Chern-Simons theory and find nontopological
solutions whose properties are similar to the nonrelativistic counterpart.
However, unlike the nonrelativistic case, there are two branches of solutions
for a given magnetic field and they cease to exist below certain
noncommutativity scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4015 </DOCNO>
Multiscaling and information content of natural color images


  Naive scale invariance is not a true property of natural images. Natural
monochrome images posses a much richer geometrical structure, that is
particularly well described in terms of multiscaling relations. This means that
the pixels of a given image can be decomposed into sets, the fractal components
of the image, with well-defined scaling exponents (Turiel & Parga, submitted).
Here it is shown that multispectral representations of natural scenes also
exhibit multiscaling properties, observing the same kind of behavior. A precise
measure of the informational relevance of the fractal components is also given,
and it is shown that there are important differences between the intrinsically
redundant RGB system and the decorrelated one defined in (Ruderman, Cronin &
Chiao, 1998).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2668 </DOCNO>
Selective Transparence of Single-Mode Waveguides with Surface Scattering


  A random surface scattering in a one-mode waveguide is studied in the case
when the surface profile has long-range correlations along the waveguide.
Analytical treatment of this problem shows that with a proper choice of the
surface, one can arrange any desired combination of transparent and
non-transparent frequency windows. We suggest a method to find such profiles,
and demonstrate its effectiveness by making use of direct numerical
simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148444 </DOCNO>
Retrospective on Quantization


  Quantization is still a central problem of modern physics. One example of an
unsolved problem is the quantization of Nambu mechanics. After a brief comment
on the role of Harrison cohomology, this review concentrates on the central
problem of quantization of QCD and, more generally, quark confinement seen as a
problem of quantization. Several suggestions are made, some of them rather
extravagant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179473 </DOCNO>
Coherent Photoproduction of eta-mesons on Three-Nucleon Systems


  A microscopic few-body description of near-threshold coherent photoproduction
of the eta-meson on tritium and He3 targets is given. The photoproduction
cross-section is calculated using the Finite Rank Approximation (FRA) of the
nuclear Hamiltonian. The results indicate a strong final state interaction of
the eta-meson with the residual nucleus. Sensitivity of the results to the
choice of the eta-N T-matrix is investigated. The importance of obeying the
two-body unitarity condition in the eta-N system is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128133 </DOCNO>
Optical & NIR Surface Photometry of I Zw 18


  Using HST and ground-based optical and NIR data, we investigate whether the
blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy I Zw 18 has an extended low-surface-brightness
(LSB) older stellar population underlying the star-forming regions, as is the
case in evolved iE/nE BCDs. Subtraction of narrow band H_alpha and [O III]
exposures from R and V images shows that the filamentary LSB envelope extending
out to ~2 kpc away from the starburst region, and hence the optical broad-band
colors observed therein, are due mainly to ionized gas emission. Ionized gas
accounts already at a galactocentric distance of 0.7 kpc for more than 80% of
the R band line-of-sight intensity and contributes more than 40% of the
integrated R band light of I Zw 18. The structural properties (such as the
exponential scale length) of the stellar LSB component underlying the extended
ionized gas emission place I Zw 18 among the most compact BCDs studied so far.
Contrary to evolved nE/iE BCDs, the stellar component in I Zw 18 shows no
appreciable color gradients over a range of ~8 mag in surface brightness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168341 </DOCNO>
Efficient Scheme for Initializing a Quantum Register with an Arbitrary


  Preparation of a quantum register is an important step in quantum computation
and quantum information processing. It is straightforward to build a simple
quantum state such as $|i_1 i_2 ... i_n\ket$ with $i_j$ being either 0 or 1,
but is a non-trivial task to construct an {\it arbitrary} superposed quantum
state. In this Paper, we present a scheme that can most generally initialize a
quantum register with an arbitrary superposition of basis states.
Implementation of this scheme requires $O(Nn^2)$ standard 1- and 2-bit gate
operations, {\it without introducing additional quantum bits}. Application of
the scheme in some special cases is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169349 </DOCNO>
Some bounds for quantum copying with multiple copies


  In the paper, bounds for an abstract multicopying of set of two pure states
are derived. The general case, when the copying machine has as input a fixed
number of identically prepared particles, is considered. A copying
transformation and dimension of state space are not specified. Only the
unitarity of quantum mechanical transformations is used. The proposed approach
is based on the notion of the angle between two states. Firstly, the notion of
the angle between two states is discussed, and some useful inequalities are in
passing considered. The upper bound on the mean global fidelity of copying of
two-state set is derived. The lower bounds on the absolute error of copying
with multiple copies are then examined. For the case, in which the copying
machine has as input one original particle, this question was first considered
by Hillery and Buzek. In present paper the stronger bounds on the absolute
error are derived. After that the lower bound on the relative error is
examined. Finally, the case of the mixed initial state of the copying machine
is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125254 </DOCNO>
Chandra Detects a Rapid Flare in the Gravitationally Lensed Mini-BALQSO


  The mini Broad Absorption Line (BAL) quasar RX J0911.4+0551 was observed with
the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) of the Chandra X-ray Observatory
for ~ 29 ks as part of a gravitational lens (GL) survey aimed at measuring
time-delays. Timing analysis of the light-curve of the lensed image A2 shows a
rapid flux variation with a duration of about 2000s. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
shows that the probability that a constant-intensity source would produce the
observed variability is less than ~ 0.2 percent. We discuss possible origins
for the observed short-term X-ray variability. Our gravitational lens models
for the RX J0911.4+0551 GL system predict a time-delay of less than a day
between images A1 and A2. The rapid variability combined with the predicted
short-time delay make RX J0911.4+0551 an ideal system to apply the GL method
for estimating the Hubble constant. We describe the prospects of measuring H_0
within single X-ray observations of GL systems with relatively short time
delays. Modeling of the spectrum of the mini-BAL quasar RX J0911.4+0551
suggests the presence of an intrinsic absorber. Partial covering models are
slightly preferred over models that contain absorption due to intrinsic ionized
or neutral gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149187 </DOCNO>
Duality in Gravity and Higher Spin Gauge Fields


  Dual field theory realisations are given for linearised gravity in terms of
gauge fields in exotic representations of the Lorentz group. The field
equations and dual representations are discussed for a wide class of higher
spin gauge fields. For non-linear Einstein gravity, such transformations can be
implemented locally in light-cone gauge, or partially implemented in the
presence of a Killing vector. Sources and the relation to Kaluza-Klein
monopoles are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76781 </DOCNO>
Application of heavy-quark effective theory to lattice QCD: II.


  We apply heavy-quark effective theory to separate long- and short-distance
effects of heavy quarks in lattice gauge theory. In this approach, the inverse
heavy-quark mass and the lattice spacing are treated as short distances, and
their effects are lumped into short-distance coefficients. We show how to use
this formalism to match lattice gauge theory to continuum QCD, order by order
in the heavy-quark expansion. In this paper, we focus on heavy-light currents.
In particular, we obtain one-loop results for the matching factors of lattice
currents, needed for heavy-quark phenomenology, such as the calculation of
heavy-light decay constants, and heavy-to-light transition form factors.
Results for the Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie scale $q^*$ are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40863 </DOCNO>
The ICARUS Experiment, A Second-Generation Proton Decay Experiment and


  The final phase of the ICARUS physics program requires a sensitive mass of
liquid Argon of 5000 tons or more. The T600 detector stands today as the first
living proof that such large detector can be built and that liquid Argon
imaging technology can be implemented on such large scales. After the
successful completion of a series of technical tests to be performed at the
assembly hall in Pavia, the T600 detector will be ready to be transported into
the LNGS tunnel. The operation of the T600 at the LNGS will allow us (1) to
develop the local infrastructure needed to operate our large detector (2) to
start the handling of the underground liquid argon technology (3) to study the
local background (4) to start the data taking with an initial liquid argon mass
that will reach in a 5-6 year program the multi-kton goal. The T600 is to be
considered as the first milestone on the road towards a total sensitive mass of
5000 tons: it is the first piece of the detector to be complemented by further
modules of appropriate size and dimensions, in order to reach in a most
efficient and rapid way the final design mass. In this document, we describe
the physics program that will be accomplished within the first phase of the
program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 998 </DOCNO>
Cooperon propagator description of high temperature superconductivity


  A phenomenological description of the high-Tc superconductors based on the
Cooperon propagator is presented. This model allows one to study the effects of
local pairing correlations and long-range phase fluctuations on the same
footing, both above and below Tc. Based on numerical calculations, it is shown
that the two types of correlations contribute to the gap/pseudogap in the
single-particle excitation spectra. The concourse of these two effects can
induce low energy states, which should be observable in underdoped materials at
very low temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40692 </DOCNO>
The challenge of hybridization


  Hybridization of pixel detector systems has to satisfy tight requirements:
high yield, long term reliability, mechanical stability, thermal compliance and
robustness have to go together with low passive mass added to the system,
radiation hardness, flexibility in the technology end eventually low cost. The
current technologies for the interconnection of the front-end chips and the
sensor are reviewed and compared, together with the solutions for the interface
to the far-end electronics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74299 </DOCNO>
Negative-parity Baryon Masses using an O(a)-improved Fermion Action


  We present a calculation of the mass of the lowest-lying negative-parity
J=1/2- state in quenched QCD. Results are obtained using a non-perturbatively
O(a)-improved clover fermion action, and a splitting is found between the mass
of the nucleon and its parity partner. The calculation is performed on two
lattice volumes and at three lattice spacings, enabling a study of both
finite-volume and finite lattice-spacing uncertainties. A comparison is made
with results obtained using the unimproved Wilson fermion action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81481 </DOCNO>
Cost-Effective Clustering


  Small Beowulf clusters can effectively serve as personal or group
supercomputers. In such an environment, a cluster can be optimally designed for
a specific problem (or a small set of codes). We discuss how theoretical
analysis of the code and benchmarking on similar hardware lead to optimal
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124957 </DOCNO>
Observational tests of the delta_c-M_vir relation in hierarchical


  Observational determinations of the correlation between the characteristic
density delta_c and the virial mass M_vir of dark halos constitute a critical
test for models of hierarchical structure formation. Using the dynamical
properties of dark halos reconstructed from the galaxy distributions in massive
systems (groups/clusters) and the rotation curves in less massive systems
(dwarf, low surface brightness and spiral galaxies) drawn from the literature,
we confirm the existence of the delta_c-M_vir relation over a broad mass range
from 10**10 to 10**15 solar masses, which is in gross consistency with the
prediction of a flat cosmological model with Omega_M=0.3 and Omega_Lambda=0.7.
It is pointed out that previous analyses based on the measurements of X-ray
emitting gas and the hydrostatic equilibrium hypothesis, which claimed a
shallower scale-free spectrum of n=-1 for initial density fluctuations, may
suffer from nongravitational heating influence especially in low-mass systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169107 </DOCNO>
A note on quantum one-way permutations


  We discuss the question of the existence of quantum one-way permutations.
First, we prove the equivalence between inverting a permutation and that of
constructing a polynomial size network for reflecting about a given quantum
state. Next, we consider the question: if a state is difficult to prepare, is
the operator reflecting about that state difficult to construct? By revisiting
Grover's algorithm, we present the relationship between this question and the
existence of one-way permutations. Moreover, we compare our method to Grover's
algorithm and discuss possible applications of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126384 </DOCNO>
The z=5.8 Quasar SDSSp J1044-0125: A Peek at Quasar Evolution?


  The newly discovered z=5.8 quasar SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2 was recently
detected in X-rays and found to be extremely X-ray weak. Here we present the
hardness ratio analysis of the XMM-Newton observation. We consider various
models to explain the detection in the soft X-ray band and non-detection in the
hard band, together with its X-ray weakness. We show that the source may have a
steep power-law slope, with an absorber partially covering the continuum. This
may be X-ray evidence to support the argument of Mathur (2000) that narrow line
Seyfert 1 galaxies, which show steep power-law slopes, might be the low
redshift, low luminosity analogues of the high redshift quasars. Heavily
shrouded and steep X-ray spectrum quasars may indeed represent the early stages
of quasar evolution (Mathur 2000, Fabian 1999) and SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2 is
possibly giving us a first glimpse of the physical evolution of quasar
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113545 </DOCNO>
Relativistic close coupling calculations for photoionization and


  Relativistic and channel coupling effects in photoionization and unified
electronic recombination of Fe XVII are demonstrated with an extensive 60-level
close coupling calculation using the Breit-Pauli R-matrix method.
Photoionization and (e + ion) recombination calculations are carried out for
the total and the level-specific cross sections, including the ground and
several hundred excited bound levels of Fe XVII (up to fine structure levels
with n = 10). The unified (e + ion) recombination calculations for (e + Fe
XVIII --> Fe XVII) include both the non-resonant and resonant recombination
(`radiative' and `dielectronic recombination' -- RR and DR). The low-energy and
the high energy cross sections are compared from: (i) a 3-level calculation
with 2s^2p^5 (^2P^o_{1/2,3/2}) and 2s2p^6 (^2S_{1/2}), and (ii) the first
60-level calculation with \Delta n > 0 coupled channels with spectroscopic
2s^2p^5, 2s2p^6, 2s^22p^4 3s, 3p, 3d, configurations, and a number of
correlation configurations. Strong channel coupling effects are demonstrated
throughout the energy ranges considered, in particular via giant
photoexcitation-of-core (PEC) resonances due to L-M shell dipole transition
arrays 2p^5 --> 2p^4 3s, 3d in Fe XIII that enhance effective cross sections by
orders of magnitude. Comparison is made with previous theoretical and
experimental works on photoionization and recombination that considered the
relatively small low-energy region (i), and the weaker \Delta n = 0 couplings.
While the 3-level results are inadequate, the present 60-level results should
provide reasonably complete and accurate datasets for both photoionization and
(e + ion) recombination of Fe~XVII in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123877 </DOCNO>
Central Matter Distributions in Rich Clusters of Galaxies from z~0 to


  We have analyzed the galaxy number density and luminosity density profiles of
rich clusters of galaxies from redshifts z=0 to z=0.5. We show that the
luminosity profile computed with bright galaxies is significantly cusped in the
center of the clusters, whatever the redshift. This is in agreement with the
dark matter profiles predicted by numerical simulations. The galaxy number
density profile for the bright galaxies is fitted equally well with a core
model or a cusped model. In contrast, the luminosity and the galaxy number
density profiles of the fainter galaxies are significantly better fitted by a
core rather than a cusp model. We did not detect any statistically significant
different fits when applied to data in range from z=0 to z=0.5. The difference
in profile between faint and bright galaxies may be due to the rapid (relative
to the age of the universe at z=0 versus z=0.5) destruction of the faint
galaxies by tidal forces and merging events in the denser central regions of
the clusters. This process could erase the cusp by turning faint galaxies into
diffuse light. In this case, the galaxies (with a cusp visible in the bright
galaxy number density and mainly in luminosity profiles) would trace the total
mass distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5691 </DOCNO>
Tunneling spectra for ($d_{x^2-y^2}+is$)-wave superconductors versus


  The tunneling conductance spectra of a normal metal / insulator / singlet
superconductor is calculated from the reflection amplitudes using the
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formulation. The pairing symmetry of the
superconductor is assumed to be $d_{x^2-y^2}+is$, or $d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy}$. It
is found that in the ($d_{x^2-y^2}+is$)-wave case there is a well defined
conductance peak in the conductance spectra, in the amplitude of the secondary
s-wave component. In the ($d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy}$)-wave case the tunneling
conductance has residual values within the gap, due to the formation of bound
states. The bound state energies depend on the angle of the incident
quasiparticles, and also on the boundary orientation. On the basis of this
observation an electron focusing experiment is proposed to probe the
($d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy}$)-wave state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74247 </DOCNO>
Probing Anomalous Quartic Couplings in e-gamma and gamma-gamma Colliders


  We analyze the potential of the e+e- Linear Colliders, operating in the
e-gamma and gamma-gamma modes, to probe anomalous quartic vector--boson
interactions through the multiple production of W's and Z's. We examine all
$SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y$ chiral operators of order p^4 that lead to new
four--gauge--boson interactions but do not alter trilinear vertices. We show
that the e-gamma and gamma-gamma modes are able not only to establish the
existence of a strongly interacting symmetry breaking sector but also to probe
for anomalous quartic couplings of the order of 10^{-2} at 90% CL. Moreover,
the information gathered in the e-gamma mode can be used to reduced the
ambiguities of the e+e- mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127654 </DOCNO>
Three LINERs Under the Chandra X-Ray Microscope


  We use X-ray observations of three galaxies hosting LINERs (NGC 404, NGC
4736, NGC 4579) with Chandra to study their power sources. We find very diverse
properties within this small group: NGC 404 has an X-ray-faint nucleus with a
soft, thermal spectrum, NGC 4736 harbors a plethora of discrete X-ray sources
in and around its nucleus, and NGC 4579 has a dominant nuclear point source
embedded in a very extended, diffuse nebulosity. From their multi- wavelength
properties we conclude the following: the nucleus of NGC 404 is the site of a
weak, compact starburst, whose X-ray emission is due to gas heated by stellar
winds and supernovae, NGC 4736 is in a recent or aging starburst phase, where
the X-ray emission is dominated by a dense cluster of X-ray binaries, and NGC
4579 is powered by accretion onto a supermassive black hole. We detect 39
discrete sources in NGC 4736 and 21 in NGC 4579, most with L_X > 10^37 erg/s.
One source in the disk of NGC 4579 could be an ultraluminous X-ray binary with
L_X (2-10 keV) = 9x10^39 erg/s, but it could also be a background quasar. The
most luminous discrete sources have simple power-law spectra, which along with
their luminosities suggest that these are X-ray binaries accreting near or
above the Eddington rate for a neutron star. By comparing the luminosity
functions of discrete X-ray sources in these and other galaxies we find a
potential connection between the age of the stellar population and the slope of
the cumulative X-ray source luminosity function: galaxies with primarily old
stellar populations have steeper luminosity functions than starburst galaxies.
We suggest that this difference results from the contribution of high-mass
X-ray binaries from the young stellar population to the upper end of the
luminosity function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75311 </DOCNO>
Non-factorizable corrections and effective field theories


  We analyze the structure of higher-order radiative corrections for processes
with unstable particles. By subsequently integrating out the various scales
that are induced by the presence of unstable particles we obtain a hierarchy of
effective field theories. In the effective field theory framework the
separation of physically different effects is achieved naturally. In
particular, we automatically obtain a separation of factorizable and
non-factorizable corrections to all orders in perturbation theory. At one loop
this treatment is equivalent to the double-pole approximation (DPA) but
generalizes to higher orders and, at least in principle, to beyond the DPA. It
is known that one-loop non-factorizable corrections to invariant mass
distributions are suppressed at high energy. We study the mechanism of this
suppression and obtain estimates of higher-order non-factorizable corrections
at high energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85816 </DOCNO>
Magnetized gravitational waves


  We investigate the influence of cosmic magnetic fields on gravitational wave
perturbations, and find exact solutions on large scales. We show that a
large-scale magnetic field can generate large-scale non-decaying gravitational
waves. In the general case where gravitational waves are generated by other
mechanisms, a large-scale magnetic field introduces a new decaying tensor mode
and modifies the non-decaying mode. The direct effect of the magnetic field is
to damp the gravitational waves, while an indirect magneto-curvature effect can
either damp or boost the waves. A magnetic field also leads to a breaking of
statistical isotropy, and the magnetic imprint on the tensor spectrum in
principle provides a means of detecting a primordial field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5377 </DOCNO>
Singular Effects of Impurities near the Ferromagnetic Quantum-Critical


  Systematic theoretical results for the effects of a dilute concentration of
magnetic impurities on the thermodynamic and transport properties in the region
around the quantum critical point of a ferromagnetic transition are obtained.
In the quasi-classical regime, the dynamical spin fluctuations enhance the
Kondo temperature. This energy scale decreases rapidly in the quantum
fluctuation regime, where the properties are those of a line of critical points
of the multichannel Kondo problem with the number of channels increasing as the
critical point is approached, except at unattainably low temperatures where a
single channel wins out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168217 </DOCNO>
Spin squeezing in nonlinear spin coherent states


  We introduce the nonlinear spin coherent state via its ladder operator
formalism and propose a type of nonlinear spin coherent state by the nonlinear
time evolution of spin coherent states. By a new version of spectroscopic
squeezing criteria we study the spin squeezing in both the spin coherent state
and nonlinear spin coherent state. The results show that the spin coherent
state is not squeezed in the x, y, and z directions, and the nonlinear spin
coherent state may be squeezed in the x and y directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127531 </DOCNO>
A GRB Detection System using the BGO-Shield of the INTEGRAL-Spectrometer


  The anticoincidence shield (ACS) of the INTEGRAL-spectrometer SPI consists of
512 kg of BGO crystals. This massive scintillator allows the measurement of
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with a very high sensitivity. Estimations have shown
that with the ACS some hundred gamma-ray bursts per year on the 5 sigma level
can be detected, having an equivalent sensitivity to BATSE. The GRB detection
will be part of the real-time INTEGRAL burst-alert system (IBAS). The ACS
branch of IBAS will produce burst alerts and light curves with 50 ms
resolution. It is planned to use ACS burst alerts in the 4th interplanetary
network (IPN).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99052 </DOCNO>
Differential Invariants and Application to Riccati-Type Systems


  We generalize the classical Lie results on a basis of differential invariants
for a one-parameter group of local transformations to the case of arbitrary
number of independent and dependent variables. It is proved that if universal
invariant of a one-parameter group is known then a complete set of functionally
independent differential invariants can be constructed via one quadrature and
differentiations. Some applications of first-order differential invariants to
Riccati-type systems are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126926 </DOCNO>
On the origin of highest energy gamma-rays from Mkn 501


  The spectra of very high energy gamma-radiation from distant extragalactic
objects suffer significant deformations during the passage of primary
gamma-rays through the intergalactic medium. The recently reported fluxes of
diffuse infrared background radiation indicate that we detect, most probably,
heavily absorbed TeV radiation from Mkn 421 and Mkn 501. This implies that the
absorption-corrected spectrum of Mkn 501 may contain a sharp pile-up which
contradicts to the predictions of the conventional models of TeV blazars, and
thus may leads to the so-called "IR background-TeV gamma-ray crisis". To
overcome this difficulty, in this paper we propose two independent hypotheses
assuming that (i) the TeV radiation from Mkn 501 has a secondary origin, i.e.
it is formed during the development of electron-photon cascades in the
intergalactic medium initiated by primary gamma-rays; (ii) the pile-up in the
source spectrum is a result of comptonization (in deep Klein-Nishina regime) of
ambient optical radiation by an ultrarelativistic conical cold outflow (jet)
with bulk motion Lorentz factor Gamma_0 >= 3 10^7. Within the uncertainties
caused by the limited energy resolution of spectral measurements, the observed
TeV radiation of Mkn 501 formally can be explained by the intergalactic cascade
gamma-rays, assuming however an extremely low intergalactic magnetic field in
the direction to the source at the level of < 10^{-18} G. We also demonstrate
that the "bulk motion comptonization" scenario can quite naturally reproduce
the unusual spectral features in the absorption-corrected TeV spectrum of Mkn
501, and briefly discuss the astrophysical implications of this hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4078 </DOCNO>
Granular Drag on a Discrete Object: Shape Effects on Jamming


  We study the drag force on discrete objects with circular cross section
moving slowly through a spherical granular medium. Variations in the geometry
of the dragged object change the drag force only by a small fraction relative
to shape effects in fluid drag. The drag force depends quadratically on the
object's diameter as expected. We do observe, however, a deviation above the
expected linear depth dependence, and the magnitude of the deviation is
apparently controlled by geometrical factors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123944 </DOCNO>
The Ultraviolet-Far Infrared Energy Budget of the Gravitationally Lensed


  A 2-hour service-mode SCUBA observation of the gravitationally-lensed Lyman
break galaxy MS1512-cB58 resulted in a 3 sigma upper limit of 3.9 mJy at 850um.
A comparison of this upper limit with values expected from rest-UV/optical
measurements of extiction suggests that dust temperature (T_d) and/or
emissivity index (beta) in cB58 may be substantially higher than is seen in
local galaxies, or that the attenuation curve in cB58 may be even gentler than
the already quite mild SMC dust law. If dust temperature T_d and emissivity
index beta in cB58 are similar to those seen in local IRAS-seleceted galaxies,
then cB58's dust mass is M_d <~ 10^7.7 Msun and its star formation rate is SFR
<~ 10 Msun/yr (for q_0=0.1, H_0=75 km/s/Mpc). This SFR upper limit is lower
than the star formation rate measured from Halpha, thus giving further support
to the notion that (T_d, beta) values in cB58 are higher than those seen in
local galaxies. It thus appears that our understanding of dust in this
extensively studied Lyman break galaxy is poor, and observations at other
wavelentghs are needed to better understand dust at high redshift. Such
observations can be provided by the upcoming SIRTF mission for which cB58's
expected flux densities are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168745 </DOCNO>
Comparative study of the transient evolution of Hanle EIT/EIA resonances


  The temporal evolutions of coherent resonances corresponding to
electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) were
observed in a Hanle absorption experiment carried on the $D_{2}$ lines of $%
^{87}$Rb vapor by suddenly turning the magnetic field on or off. The main
features of the experimental observations are well reproduced by a theoretical
model based on Bloch equation where the atomic level degeneracy has been fully
accounted for. Similar (opposite phase) evolutions were observed at low optical
field intensities for Hanle/EIT or Hanle/EIA resonances. Unlike the Hanle/EIA\
transients which are increasingly shorter for driving field intensities
approaching saturation, the $B\neq 0$ transient of the Hanle/EIT signal at
large driving field intensities present a long decay time approaching the
atomic transit time. Such counterintuitive behavior is interpreted as a
consequence of the Zeno effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128488 </DOCNO>
A Catalogue and Analysis of Local Galaxy Ages and Metallicities


  We have assembled a catalogue of relative ages, metallicities and abundance
ratios for about 150 local galaxies in field, group and cluster environments.
The galaxies span morphological types from cD and ellipticals, to late type
spirals. Ages and metallicities were estimated from high quality published
spectral line indices using Worthey & Ottaviani (1997) single stellar
population evolutionary models. The identification of galaxy age as a fourth
parameter in the fundamental plane (Forbes et al. 1998) is confirmed by our
larger sample of ages. We investigate trends between age and metallicity, and
with other physical parameters of the galaxies, such as ellipticity,
luminosity, and kinematic anisotropy. We demonstrate the existence of a galaxy
age-metallicity relation similar to that seen for local galactic disk stars,
whereby young galaxies have high metallicity, while old galaxies span a large
range in metallicities. We also investigate the influence of environment and
morphology on the galaxy age and metallicity, especially the predictions made
by semi-analytic hierarchical clustering models (HCM). We confirm that
non-cluster ellipticals are indeed younger on average than cluster ellipticals
as predicted by the HCM models. However we also find a trend for the more
luminous galaxies to have a higher [Mg/Fe] ratio than the lower luminosity
galaxies, which is opposite to the expectation from HCM models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83895 </DOCNO>
Standards and Intellectual Property Rights in the Age of Global


  When the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) selected a
radio access technology based on Wideband Code-Division Multiple Access
(WCDMA), sponsored by European telecommunications equipment manufactures
Ericsson and Nokia, for its third-generation wireless communications system, a
bitter dispute developed between ETSI and Qualcommm Inc. Qualcomm threatened to
withhold its intellectual property on the CDMA technology unless the Europeans
agreed to make the radio access technology backward compatible with cdmaOne,
Qualcomm's favored version of CDMA. A dispute over intellectual property rights
over key CDMA techniques also erupted between Ericsson and Qualcomm and both
filed patent infringement in US Court. The dispute halted the standards
activity and has troubled operators worldwide as well as the International
Telecommunications Union (ITU).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75409 </DOCNO>
Non-Commutative Inflation


  We show how a radiation dominated universe subject to space-time quantization
may give rise to inflation as the radiation temperature exceeds the Planck
temperature. We consider dispersion relations with a maximal momentum (i.e. a
mimimum Compton wavelength, or quantum of space), noting that some of these
lead to a trans-Planckian branch where energy increases with decreasing
momenta. This feature translates into negative radiation pressure and, in
well-defined circumstances, into an inflationary equation of state. We thus
realize the inflationary scenario without the aid of an inflaton field. As the
radiation cools down below the Planck temperature, inflation gracefully exits
into a standard Big Bang universe, dispensing with a period of reheating.
Thermal fluctuations in the radiation bath will in this case generate curvature
fluctuations on cosmological scales whose amplitude and spectrum can be tuned
to agree with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125029 </DOCNO>
A nanoflare heating model for the quiet solar corona


  The energy input into the lower solar corona by flare evaporation events has
been modeled according to the available observations for quiet regions. The
question is addressed whether such heating events can provide the observed
average level of the coronal emission measure and thus of the observed flux of
extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray emission without contradicting the observed
average power spectrum of the emission measure, the typical emission measure
variations observed for individual pixels and the observed flare energy
distribution. As the assumed flare height influences the derived flare energy,
the mathematical foundations of nanoflare distributions and their conversion to
different height assumptions are studied first. This also allows a comparison
with various published energy distributions differing in height assumptions and
to relate the observations to the input parameters of the heating model. An
analytic evaluation of the power spectrum yields the relationship between the
average time profile of nanoflares (or microflares), assumed to be self-similar
in energy, and the power spectrum. We find that the power spectrum is very
sensitive to the chosen time profile of the flares. Models are found by
numerical simulation that fit all available observations. They are not unique
but severely constrained. We concentrate on a model with a flare height
proportional to the square root of the flare area. The existence of a fitting
model demonstrates that nanoflare heating of the corona is a viable and
attractive mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86455 </DOCNO>
On the r-mode spectrum of relativistic stars: Inclusion of the radiation


  We consider both mode calculations and time evolutions of axial r-modes for
relativistic uniformly rotating non-barotropic neutron stars, using the
slow-rotation formalism, in which rotational corrections are considered up to
linear order in the angular velocity \Omega. We study various stellar models,
such as uniform density models, polytropic models with different polytropic
indices n, and some models based on realistic equations of state. For weakly
relativistic uniform density models, and polytropes with small values of n, we
can recover the growth times predicted from Newtonian theory when standard
multipole formulae for the gravitational radiation are used. However, for more
compact models, we find that relativistic linear perturbation theory predicts a
weakening of the instability compared to the Newtonian results. When turning to
polytropic equations of state, we find that for certain ranges of the
polytropic index n, the r-mode disappears, and instead of a growth, the time
evolutions show a rapid decay of the amplitude. This is clearly at variance
with the Newtonian predictions. It is, however, fully consistent with our
previous results obtained in the low-frequency approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168988 </DOCNO>
ROM-based computation: quantum versus classical


  We introduce a model of computation which allows us to compare the
space-efficiency of reversible, error-free classical computation with
reversible, error-free quantum computation. We show that a ROM-based quantum
computer with one writable qubit is universal, whilst two writable bits are
required for a universal classical ROM-based computer. We also comment on the
time-efficiency advantages of quantum computation within this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174707 </DOCNO>
Is the Coulomb sum rule violated in nuclei?


  Guided by the experimental confirmation of the validity of the Effective
Momentum Approximation (EMA) in quasi-elastic scattering off nuclei, we have
re-examined the extraction of the longitudinal and transverse response
functions in medium-weight and heavy nuclei. In the EMA we have performed a
Rosenbluth separation of the available world data on $^{40}$Ca, $^{48}$Ca,
$^{56}$Fe, $^{197}$Au, $^{208}$Pb and $^{238}$U. We find that the longitudinal
response function for these nuclei is "quenched" and that the Coulomb sum is
not saturated, at odds with claims in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148983 </DOCNO>
Field Theories from Bundles of Strings


  We propose that at low energy four dimensional bosonic strings may form bound
states where they become bundled together much like the filaments in a cable.
We inspect the properties of these bundles in terms of their extrinsic
geometry. This involves both torsion and curvature contributions, and leads to
four dimensional field theories where the bundles appear as closed knotted
solitons. Field theories that allow for this interpretation include the Faddeev
model, the Skyrme model, the Yang-Mills theory, and a Hartree-type field theory
model of a two-component plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179687 </DOCNO>
Synthesis of Superheavy elements and Theory of Atomic Nucleus


  The connection of synthesis of long-lived superheavy nuclei and existence of
the island of stability with the choice of realistic nuclear potential is
discussed: the behaviour of the average field of nuclei is an important element
of nuclear models. It is also shown that it is just Dubna that possesses the
priority both in the recent synthesis of a superheavy nucleus with charge Z=114
and in its theoretical prediction made 35 years ago. Possible sizes of the
island of stability of superheavy nuclei are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1845 </DOCNO>
General model of pressure-induced transition temperature increase with


  A general calculation of high pressure induced transition temperature (T c)
increases for oxide superconductors gives a good description for the
Hg-Ba-Ca-Cu-O system. Predictions are made of the maximum T^ cP theo =163, 154,
and 111K compared with T^ cP exp = 164, 154, and 118K respectively for the
superconducting phases of Hg-1223, Hg-1212, and Hg-1201 as a function of their
compressibilities agreeing with experiment. The theoretical result is in the
form of a universal scaling equation for the fractional change in T c as a
function of pressure, which is derived from a recent phenomenological theory of
short coherence length superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74716 </DOCNO>
Phenomenological implications of neutrinos in extra dimensions


  Standard Model singlet neutrinos propagating in extra dimensions induce small
Dirac neutrino masses. While it seems rather unlikely that their Kaluza-Klein
excitations directly participate in the observed neutrino oscillations, their
virtual exchange may lead to detectable signatures in future neutrino
experiments and in rare charged lepton processes. We show how these effects can
be described by specific dimension-six effective operators and discuss their
experimental signals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179369 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation probes of quark deconfinement


  The magnitude of the local fluctuations of the net baryon number and electric
charge differs widely between the confined and deconfined phases, and the
difference is partially frozen at an early stage in relativistic heavy ion
collisions. These fluctuations may thus be useful probes of the temporary
formation of a deconfined state in such collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168149 </DOCNO>
Separability and entanglement in 2x2xN composite quantum systems


  We investigate separability and entanglement of mixed states in ${\cal
C}^2\otimes{\cal C}^2\otimes{\cal C}^N$ three party quantum systems. We show
that all states with positive partial transposes that have rank $\le N$ are
separable. For the 3 qubit case (N=2) we prove that all states $\rho$ that have
positive partial transposes and rank 3 are separable. We provide also
constructive separability checks for the states $\rho$ that have the sum of the
rank of $\rho$ and the ranks of partial transposes with respect to all
subsystems smaller than 15N-1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75980 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark potential and mass spectra of heavy mesons


  The relativistic quark model is presented. The quark-antiquark potential for
the Schroedinger-like equation is constructed with the account of retardation
effects and one-loop radiative corrections. It consists of the one-gluon
exchange part and the confining part which is the mixture of the Lorentz scalar
and Lorentz vector contributions. The latter contains both the Dirac and Pauli
terms. In the v^2/c^2 approximation the mass spectra of heavy quarkonia
(charmonium and bottomonium) are calculated in good agreement with experiment.
In the case of heavy-light mesons (B and D) the light quark is treated
completely relativistically and only the expansion in the inverse heavy quark
mass is used. The mass spectra of the ground and excited states of D, D_s, B,
B_s mesons are calculated. They exhibit some features of the so-called ``level
inversion''. The obtained results are generally in accord with experimental
data. Still there exist some discrepancies between measurements of different
collaborations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1478 </DOCNO>
Communication and optimal hierarchical networks


  We study a general and simple model for communication processes. In the
model, agents in a network (in particular, an organization) interchange
information packets following simple rules that take into account the limited
capability of the agents to deal with packets and the cost associated to the
existence of open communication channels. Due to the limitation in the
capability, the network collapses under certain conditions. We focus on when
the collapse occurs for hierarchical networks and also on the influence of the
flatness or steepness of the structure. We find that the need for hierarchy is
related to the existence of costly connections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6106 </DOCNO>
Mean-Field Approximation to the Master Equation for Sympathetic Cooling


  We use the mean-field approximation to simplify the master equation for
sympathetic cooling of Bosons. For the mean single-particle occupation numbers,
this approach yields the same equations as the factorization assumption
introduced in an erlier paper. The stationary or equilibrium solution of the
resulting master equation for the one-body density matrix shows that the
mean-field approximation breaks down whenever the fraction of condensate Bosons
exceeds ten percent or so of the total. Using group-theoretical methods, we
also solve the time-dependent master equation for the one-body density matrix.
Given the time dependence of the mean single-particle occupation numbers, this
solution is obtained by quadratures. It tends asymptotically towards the
equilibrium solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83763 </DOCNO>
The Complexity of Clickomania


  We study a popular puzzle game known variously as Clickomania and Same Game.
Basically, a rectangular grid of blocks is initially colored with some number
of colors, and the player repeatedly removes a chosen connected monochromatic
group of at least two square blocks, and any blocks above it fall down. We show
that one-column puzzles can be solved, i.e., the maximum possible number of
blocks can be removed, in linear time for two colors, and in polynomial time
for an arbitrary number of colors. On the other hand, deciding whether a puzzle
is solvable (all blocks can be removed) is NP-complete for two columns and five
colors, or five columns and three colors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73220 </DOCNO>
Recent Results from the HDMS Experiment


  The status of dark matter search with the HDMS experiment is reviewed. After
one year of running the HDMS prototype detector in the Gran Sasso Underground
Laboratory, the inner crystal of the detector has been replaced with a HPGe
crystal of enriched 73Ge. The results of the operation of the HDMS prototype
detector are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96473 </DOCNO>
Lusztig's Canonical Quotient and Generalized Duality


  We present a new characterization of Lusztig's canonical quotient group. We
also define a duality map: to a pair consisting of a nilpotent orbit and a
conjugacy class in its fundamental group, the map assigns a nilpotent orbit in
the Langlands dual Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96008 </DOCNO>
A multidimensional generalization of Shukla's 8-psi-8 summation


  We give an r-dimensional generalization of H. S. Shukla's very-well-poised
8-psi-8 summation formula. We work in the setting of multiple basic
hypergeometric series very-well-poised over the root system A_{r-1}, or
equivalently, the unitary group U(r). Our proof, which is already new in the
one-dimensional case, utilizes an A_{r-1} nonterminating very-well-poised
6-phi-5 summation by S. C. Milne, a partial fraction decomposition, and
analytic continuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76268 </DOCNO>
Baryon bias and structure formation in an accelerating universe


  In most models of dark energy the structure formation stops when the
accelerated expansion begins. In contrast, we show that the coupling of dark
energy to dark matter may induce the growth of perturbations even in the
accelerated regime. In particular, we show that this occurs in the models
proposed to solve the cosmic coincidence problem, in which the ratio of dark
energy to dark matter is constant. Depending on the parameters, the growth may
be much faster than in a standard matter-dominated era. Moreover, if the dark
energy couples only to dark matter and not to baryons, as requested by the
constraints imposed by local gravity measurements, the baryon fluctuations
develop a constant, scale-independent, large-scale bias which is in principle
directly observable. We find that a lower limit to the baryon bias b>0.5
requires the total effective parameter of state w_e=1+p/rho to be larger than
0.6 while a limit b>0.73 would rule out the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126959 </DOCNO>
Analysis of a Proper-Motion Selected Sample of Stars in the Ursa Minor


  We have studied the stellar population and internal structure of the core of
the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, using a sample of stars selected to be
members based on their proper motions. In agreement with previous studies, we
find Ursa Minor to be dominated by an old, metal-poor stellar population. A
small number of stars with high membership probabilities lie redward of the red
giant branch. The brightest (V <= 18) such stars are known to be Carbon stars,
rather than metal-rich first-ascent giants. A number of stars with high
membership probabilities lie blueward of the red giant branch, and are more
luminous than the horizontal branch. We speculate that these are
post-horizontal branch stars. There may also be one or two stars in the
post-AGB phase. Spectroscopy of the candidate post-HB and post-AGB stars is
required to determine their nature. We recover the internal substructure in
Ursa Minor that has been noted by several authors in the last 15 years. Using a
variety of two- and three-dimensional statistical tests, we conclude that this
substructure is statistically significant at the 0.005 level. There is no
evidence that the regions of density excess have stellar populations that
differ from the main body of Ursa Minor. The crossing time for a typical
density excess is only ~5 million years. They are therefore clearly not due to
intermediate age star-forming bursts. We conclude that they are instead due to
tidal interactions between the Galaxy and Ursa Minor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6268 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic spin and charge transport in Rashba Hamiltonian


  We explore spin and charge transport phenomena in two dimensional electron
gas in presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling connected to two ideal
Ferromagnetic leads. In particular we show through a combination of analytical
and numerical calculation that the spin polarization which is transported
depends on the Magnetization direction of ferromagnet even if the magnetization
of both FM's are parallel.Conductance is also shown to be anisotropic. These
anisotrpies present in spin and charge transport are a consequence of breaking
of rotational invariance due to Rashba spin-orbit interaction and are present
irrespective of the Hamiltonian considered being an effective mass Hamiltonian
or tight binding model Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2038 </DOCNO>
High transport critical currents in dense, metal-clad superconductor


  In this letter, we report the first successful fabrication of dense,
metal-clad MgB2 superconductor wires as well as the first demonstration of high
transport Jc of greater than 36,000 A/cm2 in MgB2. The fabrication technique
that we devised uses only ambient pressure, yet produces very dense MgB2 with
little loss of stoichiometry. Such a technique can be useful for rapid and
reliable compound syntheses and characterizations for future discovery of new
or improved superconductors with higher Tc, higher Hc2 or improved flux pinning
characteristics. We also show that while inherently weak-link-free, the nature
of the material is such that the grain boundaries of the polycrystalline MgB2
can easily be altered to exhibit induced weak-link behavior with accompanying
loss in critical current density by orders of magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7355 </DOCNO>
A model for spin-polarized transport in perovskite manganite bi-crystal


  We have studied the temperature dependence of low-field magnetoresistance and
current-voltage characteristics of a low-angle bi-crystal grain boundary
junction in perovskite manganite La_{2/3}Sr_{1/3}MnO_3 thin film. By gradually
trimming the junction we have been able to reveal the non-linear behavior of
the latter. With the use of the relation M_{GB} \propto M_{bulk}\sqrt{MR^*} we
have extracted the grain boundary magnetization. Further, we demonstrate that
the built-in potential barrier of the grain boundary can be modelled by
V_{bi}\propto M_{bulk}^2 - M_{GB}^2. Thus our model connects the
magnetoresistance with the potential barrier at the grain boundary region. The
results indicate that the band-bending at the grain boundary interface has a
magnetic origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76209 </DOCNO>
Crossing Symmetry Violation of Unitarized Pion-Pion Amplitude in the


  Pion-pion scattering amplitude obtained from one-loop Chiral Perturbation
Theory (ChPT) is crossing symmetric, however the corresponding partial wave
amplitudes do not respect exact unitarity relation. There are different
approaches to get unitarized partial wave amplitudes from ChPT. Here we
consider the inverse amplitude method (IAM) that is often used to fit pion-pion
phase shifts to experimental data, by adjusting free parameters. We measure the
amount of crossing symmetry violation (CSV) in this case and we show that
crossing symmetry is badly violated by the IAM unitarized ChPT amplitude in the
resonance region. Important CSV also occurs when all free parameters are set
equal to zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127262 </DOCNO>
Search for Tracker Potentials in Quintessence Theory


  We report a significant finding in Quintessence theory that the the scalar
fields with tracker potentials have a model-independent scaling behaviour in
the expanding universe. So far widely discussed exponential,power law or
hyperbolic potentials can simply mimic the tracking behaviour over a limited
range of redshift. In the small redshift range where the variation of the
tracking parameter $\epsilon$ may be taken to be negligible, the differential
equation of generic potentials leads to hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine
potentials which may approximate tracker field in the present day universe. We
have plotted the variation of tracker potential and the equation of state of
the tracker field as function of the redshift $z$ for the model-independent
relation derived from tracker field theory; we have also plotted the variation
of $V(\Phi)$ in terms of the scalar field $\Phi$ for the chosen hyperbolic
cosine function and have compared with the curves obtained by reconstruction of
$V(\phi)$ from the real observational data from the supernovae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41765 </DOCNO>
Diffractive phenomena


  The most recent theoretical and experimental results in the field of
diffractive scattering are reviewed. A parallel between the two current
theoretical approaches to diffraction, the DIS picture in the Breit frame and
the dipole picture in the target frame, is given, accompanied by a description
of the models to which the data are compared. A recent calculation of the
rescattering corrections, which hints at the universality of the diffractive
parton distribution functions, is presented. The concept of generalized parton
distributions is discussed together with the first measurement of the processes
which might give access to them. Particular emphasis is given to the HERA data,
to motivate why hard diffraction in deep inelastic scattering is viewed as an
unrivalled instrument to shed light on the still obscure aspects of hadronic
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114045 </DOCNO>
Simulated and Experimental Bending Dynamics in DNA with and without


  The macroscopic curvature of double helical DNA induced by regularly repeated
adenine tracts is well-known but still puzzling. Its physical origin remains
controversial even though it is perhaps the best-documented sequence modulation
of DNA structure. We report here the results of comparative theoretical and
experimental studies of bending dynamics in 35-mer DNA fragments. This length
appears large enough for the curvature to be distinguished by gel
electrophoresis. Two DNA fragments, with identical base pair composition, but
different sequences are compared. In the first one, a single A-tract motif was
four times repeated in phase with the helical screw whereas the second sequence
was "random". Both calculations and experiments indicate that the A-tract DNA
is distinguished by the large static curvature and characteristic bending
dynamics, suggesting that the computed effect corresponds to the experimental
phenomenon. The results poorly agree with earlier views that attributed a
decisive role in DNA bending to sequence specific base pair stacking or binding
of solvent counterions, but lend additional support to the hypothesis of a
compressed frustrated state of the backbone as the principal physical cause of
the static curvature. We discuss the possible ways of experimental verification
of this hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5533 </DOCNO>
Transition to plastic motion as a critical phenomenon and anomalous


  The dynamic transition between the ordered flow and the plastic flow is
studied for a two-dimensional driven vortex lattice, in the presence of sharp
and dense pinning centers, from numerical simulations. For this system, which
does not show smectic ordering, the lattice exhibits a first order transition
from a crystal to a liquid, shortly followed by the dynamical transition to the
plastic flow. The resistivity provides a critical order parameter for the
latter, and critical exponents are determined in analogy with a percolation
transition. At the boundary between a pinned region and an unpinned one, an
anomalous layer is observed, where the vortices are more strongly pinned than
in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149766 </DOCNO>
The Power of Worldsheets: Applications and Prospects


  We explain how perturbative string theory can be viewed as an exactly
renormalizable Weyl invariant quantum mechanics in the worldsheet
representation clarifying why string scattering amplitudes are both finite and
unambiguously normalized and explaining the origin of UV-IR relations in
spacetime. As applications we examine the worldsheet representation of
off-shell string amplitudes and of nonperturbative type IB states. We conclude
with an analysis of the equilibrium thermodynamics of free strings establishing
the absence of the Hagedorn phase transition. We show that both of the 10D
heterotic strings have a stable finite temperature ground state with gauge
group SO(16)xSO(16). The free energy at the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase
transition is minimized with finite entropy and positive specific heat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72657 </DOCNO>
A Systematic Approach to Anomalous Phenomena at High Energies


  In one-dimensional case the search for presence of the anomalous phenomena in
multiplicity distributions is usually performed in frame of the horizontal,
vertical and mixed types of the analysis. We show that if the data involve a
d-dimensional phase space, there exists a convenient procedure, generalizing
the one-dimensional approach, which allows to introduce more non-trivial types
of the analysis; we formulate them in some detail in one-, two-, and partially
also in three-dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126306 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Observations of the Delta Scorpii Binary during Its Recent


  The bright star delta Sco has been considered a typical B0-type object for
many years. Spectra of the star published prior to 1990 showed no evidence of
emission, but only of short-term line profile variations attributed to
nonradial pulsations. Speckle interferometric observations show that delta Sco
is a binary system with a highly-eccentric orbit and a period of 10.6 years.
Weak emission in the H-alpha line was detected in its spectrum for the first
time during a periastron passage in 1990. Shortly before the next periastron
passage in the summer of 2000, the binary entered a strong H-alpha emission and
enhanced mass loss phase. We monitored the spectroscopic development of the Be
outburst from July 2000 through March 2001. In this paper we present results
from our spectroscopy, refine elements of the binary orbit, and discuss
possible mechanisms for the mass loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40908 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry Contribution to Bottom Quark Production at Hadron


  A new contribution from pair-production of light gluinos, of mass 12 to 16
GeV, with two-body decays into bottom quarks and light bottom squarks, helps to
obtain a bottom-quark production rate in better agreement with hadron collider
data. The masses of the gluino and bottom squark are further restricted by the
ratio of like-sign to opposite-sign leptons at hadron colliders. Constraints on
this scenario from other data are examined and predictions are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99227 </DOCNO>
On multiplicities of points on Schubert varieties in Graszmannians II


  We prove a conjecture by Kreiman and Lakshmibai on a combinatorial
description of multiplicities of points on Schubert varieties in Graszmannians
in terms of certain sets of reflections in the corresponding Weyl group. The
proof is accomplished by setting up a bijection between these sets of
reflections and the author's previous combinatorial interpretation of these
multiplicities in terms of nonintersecting lattice paths (S\'eminaire
Lotharingien Combin. 45 (2001), Article B45c; see
http://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~slc/wpapers/s45kratt.html or
http://www.arxiv.org/abs/math.AG/0011129).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2719 </DOCNO>
Ordering kinetics of stripe patterns


  We study domain coarsening of two dimensional stripe patterns by numerically
solving the Swift-Hohenberg model of Rayleigh-Benard convection. Near the
bifurcation threshold, the evolution of disordered configurations is dominated
by grain boundary motion through a background of largely immobile curved
stripes. A numerical study of the distribution of local stripe curvatures, of
the structure factor of the order parameter, and a finite size scaling analysis
of the grain boundary perimeter, suggest that the linear scale of the structure
grows as a power law of time with a craracteristic exponent z=3. We interpret
theoretically the exponent z=3 from the law of grain boundary motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74849 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in SUSY


  Supersymmetry exhibts new sources of CP violation. We discuss the
implications of these new contributions to CP violation both in the K and B
physics. We show that CP violation puts severe constraints on low energy SUSY,
but it represents also a promising ground to look for signals of new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 845 </DOCNO>
Charge Density Wave-Assisted Tunneling Between Hall Edge States


  We study the intra-planar tunneling between quantum Hall samples separated by
a quasi one-dimensional barrier, induced through the interaction of edge
degrees of freedom with the charge density waves of a Hall crystal defined in a
parallel layer. A field theory formulation is set up in terms of bosonic
(2+1)-dimensional excitations coupled to (1+1)-dimensional fermions. Parity
symmetry is broken at the quantum level by the confinement of
soliton-antisoliton pairs near the tunneling region. The usual Peierls argument
allows to estimate the critical temperature $T_c$, so that for $T > T_c$ mass
corrections due to longitudinal density fluctuations disappear from the edge
spectrum. We compute the gap dependence upon the random global phase of the
pinned charge density wave, as well as the effects of a voltage bias applied
across the tunneling junction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126842 </DOCNO>
One year of Galileo dust data from the Jovian system: 1996


  The dust detector system onboard Galileo records dust impacts in circumjovian
space since the spacecraft has been injected into a bound orbit about Jupiter
in December 1995. This is the sixth in a series of papers dedicated to
presenting Galileo and Ulysses dust data. We present data from the Galileo dust
instrument for the period January to December 1996 when the spacecraft
completed four orbits about Jupiter (G1, G2, C3 and E4). Data were obtained as
high resolution realtime science data or recorded data during a time period of
100 days, or via memory read-outs during the remaining times. Because the data
transmission rate of the spacecraft is very low, the complete data set (i. e.
all parameters measured by the instrument during impact of a dust particle) for
only 2% (5353) of all particles detected could be transmitted to Earth; the
other particles were only counted. Together with the data for 2883 particles
detected during Galileo's interplanetary cruise and published earlier, complete
data of 8236 particles detected by the Galileo dust instrument from 1989 to
1996 are now available. The majority of particles detected are tiny grains
(about 10 nm in radius) originating from Jupiter's innermost Galilean moon Io.
These grains have been detected throughout the Jovian system and the highest
impact rates exceeded $\rm 100 min^{-1}$. A small number of grains has been
detected in the close vicinity of the Galilean moons Europa, Ganymede and
Callisto which belong to impact-generated dust clouds formed by (mostly
submicrometer sized) ejecta from the surfaces of the moons (Kr\"uger et al.,
Nature, 399, 558, 1999). Impacts of submicrometer to micrometer sized grains
have been detected thoughout the Jovian system and especially in the region
between the Galilean moons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125371 </DOCNO>
The Resolved Stellar Populations in NGC 1705


  We present HST photometry of the resolved stellar population in the dwarf
irregular galaxy NGC 1705. The galaxy has been observed with both WFPC2 and
NICMOS, and successful images have been obtained in the F555W, F814W, F110W and
F160W bands. The optical fields cover most of the galaxy, while the infrared
field (NIC2) maps only its central regions. The optical photometry provides
\~20000 objects down to m_F555W ~ 29 in the PC field of view and ~ 20000 in the
three WFCs. In the infrared we have been able to resolve ~ 2400 stars down to
m_{F110W}, m_{F160W} ~ 26. A subsample of 1834 stars have been unambiguously
measured in all the four bands. The corresponding color-magnitude diagrams
(CMDs) confirm the existence of an age gradient, showing that NGC 1705 hosts
both young (a few Myr old) and very old (up to 15 Gyr old) stars, with the
former strongly concentrated toward the galactic center and the latter present
everywhere, but much more easily visible in the external regions. The tip of
the red giant branch (TRGB) is clearly visible both in the optical and in the
infrared CMDs and allows us to derive the galaxy distance. Taking into account
the uncertainties related to both the photometry and the TRGB magnitude --
distance relation, we find that the distance modulus of NGC 1705 is
(m-M)_0=28.54 +- 0.26, corresponding to a distance D=5.1 +- 0.6 Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97330 </DOCNO>
Billiards in rectangles with barriers


  We use Ratner's theorem to compute the asymptotics of the number of
(cylinders of) periodic trajectories in a rectangle with a barrier, assuming
that the location p/q of the barrier is rational. We also show that as q tends
to infinity, the constant in the asymptotic formula tends to the constant for
the generic genus 2 flat surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87082 </DOCNO>
The Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Asymptotically de Sitter Brane Universe


  We consider the brane universe in the bulk background of the topological
AdS-Schwarzschild black holes, where the brane tension takes larger value than
the fine-tunned value. The resulting universe is radiation dominated and has
positive cosmological constant. We obtain the associated cosmological Cardy
formula and the Cardy-Verlinde formula. We also derive the Hubble and the
Bekenstein entropy bounds from the conjectured holography bound on the Casimir
entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124349 </DOCNO>
Thermal X-ray emission of the remnants of ashperical Supernova


  Evolution of adiabatic remnants of an aspherical supernova explosion in
uniform medium are considered. Thermal X-ray emission of such remnants are
investigated. It is shown that integral thermal X-ray characteristics (X-ray
luminosity and spectrum) of the objects do not allow us to reveal the assymetry
in the explosion because these characteristics are close to their Sedov
counterparts. Surface distribution of X-ray emission is sensitive to anisotropy
of the explosion and nonuniformity of the interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127336 </DOCNO>
Regular and chaotic motion in softened gravitational systems


  The stability of the dynamical trajectories of softened spherical
gravitational systems is examined, both in the case of the full $N$-body
problem and that of trajectories moving in the gravitational field of
non-interacting background particles. In the latter case, for $N \ge 10000$,
some trajectories, even if unstable, had exceedingly long diffusion times,
which correlated with the characteristic e-folding timescale of the
instability. For trajectories of $N \approx 100000$ systems this timescale
could be arbitrarily large --- and thus appear to correspond to regular orbits.
For centrally concentrated systems, low angular momentum trajectories were
found to be systematically more unstable. This phenomenon is analogous to the
well known case of trajectories in generic centrally concentrated non-spherical
smooth systems, where eccentric trajectories are found to be chaotic. The
exponentiation times also correlate with the conservation of the angular
momenta along the trajectories. For $N$ up to a few hundred, the instability
timescales of $N$-body systems and their variation with particle number are
similar to those of the most chaotic trajectories in inhomogeneous
non-interacting systems. For larger $N$ (up to a few thousand) the values of
the these timescales were found to saturate, increasing significantly more
slowly with $N$. We attribute this to collective effects in the fully
self-gravitating problem, which are apparent in the time-variations of the time
dependent Liapunov exponents. The results presented here go some way towards
resolving the long standing apparent paradoxes concerning the local instability
of trajectories of gravitational systems (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74995 </DOCNO>
Generation Structure and Proton Decay Problem


  Possible generation structure is investigated. We considere alternative
possibility of combination of leptons and quarks to compose each generation,
where the combination of $(\nu_{\tau},{\tau})$ and $(u,d)$ compose a
generation. Our model exhibits the hierarcy structure after sea-saw mechanism
provived that possible existence of realistic right-handed neutrinos are taken
into account. Then, in the GUTs model based on our scheme, possible
inter-generation properties are examined together with the classification of
gauge bosons. It is shown that if our scheme is realized, the proton decay
exhibits different mode from ordinary one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81373 </DOCNO>
Monopole fields from vortex sheets reconciling Abelian and center


  We describe a new order parameter for the confinement-deconfinement
transition in lattice SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. It is expressed in terms of
magnetic monopole field correlators represented as sums over sheets of center
vortices. Our construction establishes a link between "abelian" and "center
dominance". It avoids an inconsistency in the treatment of small scales present
in earlier definitions of monopole fields by respecting Dirac's quantization
condition for magnetic fluxes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83994 </DOCNO>
On the complexity of inducing categorical and quantitative association


  Inducing association rules is one of the central tasks in data mining
applications. Quantitative association rules induced from databases describe
rich and hidden relationships holding within data that can prove useful for
various application purposes (e.g., market basket analysis, customer profiling,
and others). Even though such association rules are quite widely used in
practice, a thorough analysis of the computational complexity of inducing them
is missing. This paper intends to provide a contribution in this setting. To
this end, we first formally define quantitative association rule mining
problems, which entail boolean association rules as a special case, and then
analyze their computational complexities, by considering both the standard
cases, and a some special interesting case, that is, association rule induction
over databases with null values, fixed-size attribute set databases, sparse
databases, fixed threshold problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97992 </DOCNO>
On the Noncommutative Residue and the Heat Trace Expansion on Conic


  Given a cone pseudodifferential operator $P$ we give a full asymptotic
expansion as $t\to 0^+$ of the trace $\Tr Pe^{-tA}$, where $A$ is an elliptic
cone differential operator for which the resolvent exists on a suitable region
of the complex plane. Our expansion contains $\log t$ and new $(\log t)^2$
terms whose coefficients are given explicitly by means of residue traces. Cone
operators are contained in some natural algebras of pseudodifferential
operators on which unique trace functionals can be defined. As a consequence of
our explicit heat trace expansion, we recover all these trace functionals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5133 </DOCNO>
Statistical properties of contact vectors


  We study the statistical properties of contact vectors, a construct to
characterize a protein's structure. The contact vector of an N-residue protein
is a list of N integers n_i, representing the number of residues in contact
with residue i. We study analytically (at mean-field level) and numerically the
amount of structural information contained in a contact vector. Analytical
calculations reveal that a large variance in the contact numbers reduces the
degeneracy of the mapping between contact vectors and structures. Exact
enumeration for lengths up to N=16 on the three dimensional cubic lattice
indicates that the growth rate of number of contact vectors as a function of N
is only 3% less than that for contact maps. In particular, for compact
structures we present numerical evidence that, practically, each contact vector
corresponds to only a handful of structures. We discuss how this information
can be used for better structure prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76692 </DOCNO>
Early Universe Cosmology and Tests of Fundamental Physics: Report of the


  This is the report of the {\em Working Group on Early Universe Cosmology and
Tests of Fundamental Physics}, group P4.8 of the of the Snowmass 2001
conference. Here we summarize the impressive array of advances that have taken
place in this field, and identify opportunities for even greater progress in
the future. Topics include Dark Energy, Cosmic Acceleration, Inflation, Phase
Transitions, Baryogenesis, and String/M-theory Cosmology. The introductory
section gives an executive summary with six key open questions on which we can
expect to make significant progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3210 </DOCNO>
Response to Invasion by Antigen and Effects of Threshold in an Immune


  We study a dynamical system model of an idiotypic immune network with a small
number of degrees of freedom, mainly focusing on the effect of a threshold
above which antibodies can recognise antibodies. The response of the system to
invasions by antigens is investigated in the both models with and without the
threshold and it turns out that the system changes in a desirable direction for
moderate magnitude of perturbation. direction for moderate magnitude of
perturbation. Also, the propagation of disturbance by an antigen is
investigated in the system of one-dimensionally connected basic units taking
the closed 3-clone system as a unit, and it is clarified that the threshold of
the system has effects to enhance the stability of the network and to localise
the immune response.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7180 </DOCNO>
Entropic effects on the structure of Lennard-Jones clusters


  We examine in detail the causes of the structural transitions that occur for
those small Lennard-Jones clusters that have a non-icosahedral global minima.
Based on the principles learned from these examples we develop a method to
construct structural phase diagrams that show in a coarse-grained manner how
the equilibrium structure of large clusters depends on both size and
temperature. The method can be augmented to account for anharmonicity and
quantum effects. Our results illustrate that the vibrational entropy can play a
crucial role in determining the equilibrium structure of a cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5303 </DOCNO>
Functional renormalization group at large N for random manifolds


  We introduce a method, based on an exact calculation of the effective action
at large N, to bridge the gap between mean field theory and renormalization in
complex systems. We apply it to a d-dimensional manifold in a random potential
for large embedding space dimension N. This yields a functional renormalization
group equation valid for any d, which contains both the O(epsilon=4-d) results
of Balents-Fisher and some of the non-trivial results of the Mezard-Parisi
solution thus shedding light on both. Corrections are computed at order O(1/N).
Applications to the problems of KPZ, random field and mode coupling in glasses
are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148455 </DOCNO>
$\kappa$--deformed Wigner construction of relativistic wave functions


  We describe the extension of the Wigner`s infinite-dimensional unitary
representations of Poincar\'{e} group to the case of $\kappa$-deformed
Poincar\'{e} group. We show that the corresponding coordinate wave functions on
noncommutative space-time are described by free field equations on
$\kappa$-deformed Minkowski space. The cases of Klein--Gordon, Dirac, Proca and
Maxwell fields are considered. Finally some aspects of second quantization are
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149306 </DOCNO>
N=2 Gauge theories on systems of fractional D3/D7 branes


  We study a bound state of fractional D3/D7-branes in the ten-dimensional
space R^{1,5}*R^{4}/Z_2 using the boundary state formalism. We construct the
boundary actions for this system and show that higher order terms in the
twisted fields are needed in order to satisfy the zero-force condition. We then
find the classical background associated to the bound state and show that the
gauge theory living on a probe fractional D3-brane correctly reproduces the
perturbative behavior of a four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric gauge theory
with fundamental matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168308 </DOCNO>
What is wrong with SLASH?


  In an experiment featuring nonlinear optics, delayed choice and EPR-type
correlations, the possibility of faster-than-light communication appears not
totally implausible. Attempts are put forward and discussed to refute this
claim.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87077 </DOCNO>
Nodal and Periastron Precession of Inclined Orbits in the Field of a


  The inclination of low-eccentricity orbits is shown to significantly affect
the orbital parameters, in particular, the Keplerian, nodal precession, and
periastron rotation frequencies, which are interpreted in terms of observable
quantities. For the nodal precession and periastron rotation frequencies of
low-eccentricity orbits in a Kerr field, we derive a Taylor expansion in terms
of the Kerr parameter at arbitrary orbital inclinations to the black-hole spin
axis and at arbitrary radial coordinates. The particle radius, energy, and
angular momentum in the marginally stable circular orbits are calculated as
functions of the Kerr parameter $j$ and parameter $s$ in the form of Taylor
expansions in terms of $j$ to within $O[j^6]$. By analyzing our numerical
results, we give compact approximation formulas for the nodal precession
frequency of the marginally stable circular orbits at various $s$ in the entire
range of variation of Kerr parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123691 </DOCNO>
The Galactic Center Interstellar Medium: from ISO to FIRST


  The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) has shown the complexity of the Galactic
center (GC) Interstellar medium (ISM) detecting, not only large column
densities of warm molecular gas (H2), but the emission of neutral atoms and
ions of low ionization potential (CII, OI, SiII,...) that should arise in
shocked or photon-dominated regions (PDRs). In addition, ISO has also detected
emission from ions like SIII, NeII, ArII, or NII (in some clouds we have even
detected NeIII and OIII) that should arise from HII regions that were
previously unsuspected due to the non-detection of Hydrogen recombination
lines. Here we review some ISO results on the large scale study of the GC ISM
and in particular, on the heating mechanisms of the clouds. Although, shocks
should play an important role on the physics and chemistry of the GC ISM, ISO
shows that the effect of radiation on the heating of the gas cannot be ruled
out with the simple argument that the dust temperature is lower than that of
the gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99096 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic K\"ahler and hyperK\"ahler manifolds with torsion and


  The target space of a (4,0) supersymmetric two-dimensional sigma model with
Wess-Zumino term has a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion and
holonomy contained in Sp(n)Sp(1) (resp. Sp(n)), QKT (resp. HKT)-spaces. We
study the geometry of QKT, HKT manifold and their twistor spaces. We show that
the Swann bundle of a QKT manifold admits a HKT structure with special symmetry
if and only if the twistor space of the QKT manifold admits an almost hermitian
structure with totally skew-symmetric Nijenhuis tensor, thus connecting two
structures arising from quantum field theories and supersymmetric sigma models
with Wess-Zumino term. We discovered that a HKT manifold has always co-closed
Lee form. Applying this property to compact HKT manifold we get information
about the plurigenera.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75660 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Aspects of HERA Physics


  We discuss the theoretical underpinnings for the extraordinary success of
perturbative QCD in the description of HERA data. In particular, we examine
recent progress in the understanding of perturbative QCD at small x. We explain
the relation between evolution equations in Q^2 and x, and how they can be used
for simultaneous resummation of the relevant large logs at HERA. We show that
while the HERA data can be understood within our current knowledge of the
perturbative expansion of QCD, they pose stringent constraints on the
perturbatively inaccessible behaviour of QCD in the Regge limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169146 </DOCNO>
Internal Symmetry Group and Density Matrix of Fields with Spins 0, 1


  The internal symmetry group U(3,1) of the neutral vector fields with two
spins 0 and 1 is investigated. Massless fields correspond to the generalized
Maxwell equations with the gradient term. The symmetry transformations in the
coordinate space are integro-differential transformations. Using the method of
the Hamiltonian formalism the conservation tensors are found, and the quantized
theory is studied. The necessity to introduce an indefinite metric is shown.
The internal symmetry group U(3,1) being considered, after the transition to
electrodynamics, reduces to the U(2) group. It is shown that the group of dual
transformations is the subgroup of the group under consideration.
  All the linearly independent solutions of the equation for a free particle
obtained in terms of the projection matrix-dyads.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114415 </DOCNO>
Stability of three-and four-charge systems


  A brief review is presented of the stability domain of three- and four-charge
ground-states when the constituent masses vary. Rigorous results are presented,
based on the scaling behavior and the convexity properties deduced from the
variational principle. They are supplemented by accurate numerical
computations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76881 </DOCNO>
Electroweak/GUT Domain Wall by Hawking Radiation: Baryogenesis and Dark


  A spherical domain wall around a small black hole is formed by the Hawking
radiation from the black hole in the symmetry-broken-phase of the field theory,
e.g., the Standard Model (SM) and the Grand Unified Theory (GUT) which have a
property of the phase transition. We have obtained two types of the spherical
domain wall; (a) thermalized wall which is formed by the local heating up near
black hole and symmetry restore locally and (b) dynamical wall which is formed
by the balance between the pressure from the Hawking radiation and the pressure
from the wall tensions. The electroweak wall is formed as a thermalized wall
around a black hole with mass of the several hundred kilogram. The GUT wall is
formed as a dynamical wall around much smaller black hole. The electroweak wall
around a black hole can produce baryon number by the assumption of the
CP-broken phase in the wall. The GUT wall can supply charge into the black
hole, namely, the wall causes the spontaneous charging up of the black hole. We
propose a cosmological model which can explain the origin of the baryon number
and the cold dark matter by the primordial black hole with mass of the several
hundred kilogram.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125593 </DOCNO>
Nbody2: A Direct N-Body Integration Code


  We give a full description of the code NBODY2 for direct integration of the
gravitational N-body problem. The method of solution is based on the neighbour
scheme of Ahmad & Cohen (1973) which speeds up the force calculation already
for quite modest particle numbers. Derivations of all the relevant mathematical
expressions are given, together with a detailed discussion of the algorithms.
The code may be used to study a wide variety of self-consistent problems based
on a small softening of the interaction potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150064 </DOCNO>
A Mysterious Duality


  We establish a correspondence between toroidal compactifications of M-theory
and del Pezzo surfaces. M-theory on T^k corresponds to P^2 blown up at k
generic points; Type IIB corresponds to P^1\times P^1. The moduli of
compactifications of M-theory on rectangular tori are mapped to Kahler moduli
of del Pezzo surfaces.The U-duality group of M-theory corresponds to a group of
classical symmetries of the del Pezzo represented by global diffeomorphisms.
The half-BPS brane charges of M-theory correspond to spheres in the del Pezzo,
and their tension to the exponentiated volume of the corresponding spheres. The
electric/magnetic pairing of branes is determined by the condition that the
union of the corresponding spheres represent the anticanonical class of the del
Pezzo. The condition that a pair of half-BPS states form a bound state is
mapped to a condition on the intersection of the corresponding spheres. We
present some speculations about the meaning of this duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76888 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production at the TEVATRON in the Semihard QCD Approach and


  Processes of heavy quark production at TEVATRON energies are considered using
the semihard (k_T factorization) QCD approach with emphasis of the BFKL
dynamics of gluon distributions. We investigate the dependence of the p_T
distribution of heavy quark production (presented in the form of integrated
cross-sections) on different forms of the unintegrated gluon distribution. The
theoretical results are compared with recent D0 and CDF experimental data on
beauty production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4890 </DOCNO>
DC-SQUID Sensitivity for Readout of Entangled State Quantum Bits


  We propose a scheme for entangled state measurement at flux qubits (quantum
bits) depending on the sensitivity measurement of a DC-SQUID (Superconducting
QUantum Interference Device). The DC-SQUID is used as a flux qubit readout
device. The switching current distribution of a DC-SQUID is sufficiently narrow
to distinguish between two ground states of three Josephson junction qubits
with a large mutual inductance between a qubit and the DC-SQUID. But
discrimination between two ground states becomes difficult with the smaller
mutual inductance that is preferable as regards of qubit coherence. However, we
can employ averaging to increase the effective sensitivity. And we found that
Bell-pair measurement can be performed with flux qubits to prove the existence
of an entangled state over two qubits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179679 </DOCNO>
Hypercentral constituent quark model and isospin dependence


  The constituent quark model based on a hypercentral approach takes into
account three-body force effects and standard two-body potential contributions.
The quark potential contains a hypercentral interaction, to which a hyperfine
term is added. While the hypercentral potential supplies good values for the
centroid energies of the resonance multiplets and a realistic set of quark wave
functions, the hyperfine splittings are sometimes not sufficient to account for
the observed masses.
 In this work we have introduced an improved form of the hyperfine interaction
and an isospin dependent quark potential. The resulting description of the
baryon spectrum is very good, also for the Roper resonance, specially thanks to
the flavour dependent interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3778 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Mean-Field Theory of Resonating Valence Bond Antiferromagnets


  We propose a theory of the spin dynamics of frustrated quantum
antiferromagnets, which is based on an effective action for a plaquette
embedded in a self-consistent bath. This approach, supplemented by a low-energy
projection, is applied to the kagome antiferromagnet. We find that a
spin-liquid regime extends to very low energy, in which local correlation
functions have a slow decay in time, well described by a power law behaviour
and $\omega/T$ scaling of the response function: $\chi''(\omega)\propto
\omega^{-\alpha}F(\omega/T)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114126 </DOCNO>
The Uncertainty Relationship In Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)


  The uncertainty relationship in MRI is shown. The result of uncertainty
relationship is compared with other factors influencing the resolution of MRI.
Our estimations show that the uncertainty relationship is of no significance in
practice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168565 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Approximations in Phase Space with Coherent States


  We present a complete derivation of the semiclassical limit of the coherent
state propagator in one dimension, starting from path integrals in phase space.
We show that the arbitrariness in the path integral representation, which
follows from the overcompleteness of the coherent states, results in many
different semiclassical limits. We explicitly derive two possible semiclassical
formulae for the propagator, we suggest a third one, and we discuss their
relationships. We also derive an initial value representation for the
semiclassical propagator, based on an initial gaussian wavepacket. It turns out
to be related to, but different from, Heller's thawed gaussian approximation.
It is very different from the Herman--Kluk formula, which is not a correct
semiclassical limit. We point out errors in two derivations of the latter.
Finally we show how the semiclassical coherent state propagators lead to
WKB-type quantization rules and to approximations for the Husimi distributions
of stationary states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125644 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Emission from the Nucleus of the Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy NGC


  We present the first high resolution X-ray image of the dwarf elliptical
galaxy NGC 3226. The data were obtained during an observation of the nearby
Seyfert Galaxy NGC 3227 using the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We detect a point
X-ray source spatially consistent with the optical nucleus of NGC 3226 and a
recently-detected, compact, flat-spectrum, radio source. The X-ray spectrum can
be measured up to ~10 keV and is consistent with a power law with a photon
index 1.7 <~ Gamma <~ 2.2, or thermal bremmstrahlung emission with 4 <~ kT <~
10 keV. In both cases the luminosity in the 2--10 keV band ~10^{40} h_{75}^{-1}
erg/s. We find marginal evidence that the nucleus varies within the
observation. These characteristics support evidence from other wavebands that
NGC 3226 harbors a low-luminosity, active nucleus. We also comment on two
previously-unknown, fainter X-ray sources <~ 15 arcsec from the nucleus of NGC
3226. Their proximity to the nucleus (with projected distances <~ 1.3/h_{75}
kpc) suggests both are within NGC 3226, and thus have luminosities (~few x
10^{38} -- few x 10^{39} erg/s) consistent with black-hole binary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3307 </DOCNO>
Ambiguities in the implementation of the impulse approximation for the


  Within the impulse approximation the response of a many body system at large
momentum tranfer can be written in a simple and transparent form, allowing to
directly relate the inclusive scattering cross section to the properties of the
target ground state. Although the physics assumptions underlying impulse
approximation are well defined, their implementation involves ambiguities that
may cause significant differences in the calculated responses. We show that,
while minimal use of the impulse approximation assumptions naturally leads to
write the response in terms of the target spectral function, the widely used
alternative definition in terms of the momentum distribution involves a more
extended use of the same assumtpions. The difference between the responses
resulting from the two procedures is illustrated by two examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128748 </DOCNO>
The Formation of Massive Stars through Stellar Collisions


  In this review, I present the case for how massive stars may form through
stellar collisions. This mechanism requires very high stellar densities, up to
4 orders of magnitude higher than are observed in the cores of dense young
clusters. In this model, the required stellar densities arise due to gas
accretion onto stars in the cluster core, including the precursers of the
massive stars. This forces the core to contract until the stellar densities are
sufficiently high for collisions to occur. Gas accretion is also likely to play
a major role in determining the distribution of stellar masses in the cluster
as well as the observed mass segregation. One of the main advantages of this
mechanism is that it explicitly relies on the cluster environment in order to
produce the massive stars. It is thus in a position to explain the relation
between clustered and massive star formation which is not an obvious outcome of
an isolated accretion mechanism. A recent numerical simulation supports this
model as the cluster core increases its density by $10^5$ during gas accretion.
Approximately 15 stellar collisions occur (with $R_{coll}=1$ au) in the cluster
core, making a significant contribution to the mass of the most massive star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3411 </DOCNO>
Band splitting and relative spin alignment in bilayer systems


  Influence of relative spin alignment on the band splitting and magnetic
excitations in the bilayer correlated systems is studied. Splitting occures to
be large or small depending on orientation of staggered spins of layers. Change
of the ground state configuration with doping is shown. Behavior of the bilayer
splitting in Bi-based cuprate allows to suppose that superconducting transition
is accompanied by transformation of spin configuration of system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97764 </DOCNO>
Cohomology ring of crepant resolutions of orbifolds


  Motivated by physics, we propose two conjectures regarding the cohomology
ring of the crepant resolutions of orbifolds and cohomological invariants of
K-equivalent manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127882 </DOCNO>
Status of Project GRAND's Proportional Wire Chamber Array


  Project GRAND is an extensive air shower array of proportional wire chambers.
It has 64 stations in a 100m x 100m area; each station has eight planes of
proportional wire chambers with a 50 mm steel absorber plate above the bottom
two planes. This arrangement of planes, each 1.25 square meters of area, allow
an angular measurement for each track to 0.25 degrees in each of two
projections. The steel absorber plate allows a measurement of the identity of
each muon track to 96% accuracy. Two data-taking triggers allow data to be
simultaneously taken for a) extensive air showers (multiple coincidence station
hits) at about 1 Hz and b) single muons (single tracks of identified muons) at
2000 Hz. Eight on-line computers pre-analyze the single track data and store
the results on magnetic tape in compacted form with a minimum of computer
dead-time. One additional computer reads data from the shower triggers and
records this raw data on a separate magnetic tape with no pre-analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168654 </DOCNO>
Langevin Equation for Particle in Thermal Photon Bath


  The forward--backward path integral describing a charged particle moving in a
thermal bath of photons is expressed in terms of the solution of a
Langevin-type of equation. Approximate methods for solving this equation are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1635 </DOCNO>
The atomic structure of large-angle grain boundaries $\Sigma 5$ and


  We present the results of a computer simulation of the atomic structures of
large-angle symmetrical tilt grain boundaries (GBs) $\Sigma 5$ (misorientation
angles $\q{36.87}{^{\circ}}$ and $\q{53.13}{^{\circ}}$), $\Sigma 13$
(misorientation angles $\q{22.62}{^{\circ}}$ and $\q{67.38}{^{\circ}}$). The
critical strain level $\epsilon_{crit}$ criterion (phenomenological criterion)
of Chisholm and Pennycook is applied to the computer simulation data to
estimate the thickness of the nonsuperconducting layer ${\rm h_n}$ enveloping
the grain boundaries. The ${\rm h_n}$ is estimated also by a bond-valence-sum
analysis. We propose that the phenomenological criterion is caused by the
change of the bond lengths and valence of atoms in the GB structure on the
atomic level. The macro- and micro- approaches become consistent if the
$\epsilon_{crit}$ is greater than in earlier papers. It is predicted that the
symmetrical tilt GB $\Sigma5$ $\theta = \q{53.13}{^{\circ}}$ should demonstrate
a largest critical current across the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1562 </DOCNO>
Non-Fermi liquid behaviour and superconductivity in the dissipative


  We study an exactly-solvable model which shows a zero-temperature transition
from a non-Fermi liquid to a Fermi liquid as a function of particle density.
The quantum critical point separating these two states is not associated with
the usual ordering transition of a bosonic degree of freedom. We analyze the
properties of this critical point in terms of an effective density of states,
and we use this concept to generalize this transition to a class of related
quantum critical points. We study the superconducting instability of the
low-density (non-Fermi liquid) regime and we show that it has an enhanced pair
susceptibility relative to the Fermi liquid. We comment on the applicability of
our results to low-carrier density superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86174 </DOCNO>
On the Effect of Constraint Enforcement on the Quality of Numerical


  In Brodbeck et al 1999 it has been shown that the linearised time evolution
equations of general relativity can be extended to a system whose solutions
asymptotically approach solutions of the constraints. In this paper we extend
the non-linear equations in similar ways and investigate the effect of various
possibilities by numerical means. Although we were not able to make the
constraint submanifold an attractor for all solutions of the extended system,
we were able to significantly reduce the growth of the numerical violation of
the constraints. Contrary to our expectations this improvement did not imply a
numerical solution closer to the exact solution, and therefore did not improve
the quality of the numerical solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86288 </DOCNO>
Thermal noise in half infinite mirrors with non-uniform loss: a slab of


  We calculate the thermal noise in half-infinite mirrors containing a layer of
arbitrary thickness and depth made of excessively lossy material but with the
same elastic material properties as the substrate. For the special case of a
thin lossy layer on the surface of the mirror, the excess noise scales as the
ratio of the coating loss to the substrate loss and as the ratio of the coating
thickness to the laser beam spot size. Assuming a silica substrate with a loss
function of 3x10-8 the coating loss must be less than 3x10-5 for a 6 cm spot
size and a 7 micrometers thick coating to avoid increasing the spectral density
of displacement noise by more than 10%. A similar number is obtained for
sapphire test masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73168 </DOCNO>
Four-neutrino mixing solutions of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly


  Solutions to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly which smoothly interpolate
between nu_mu -> nu_tau and nu_mu -> nu_s oscillations are studied. It is shown
that, although the Super-Kamiokande data disfavor the pure nu_mu -> nu_s
channel, one cannot exclude sizable amplitude for the nu_mu -> nu_s channel in
addition to nu_mu -> nu_tau oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3814 </DOCNO>
Conductance scaling at the band center of wide wires with pure


  Kubo formula is used to get the scaling behavior of the static conductance
distribution of wide wires showing pure non-diagonal disorder. Following recent
works that point to unusual phenomena in some circumstances, scaling at the
band center of wires of odd widths has been numerically investigated. While the
conductance mean shows a decrease that is only proportional to the inverse
square root of the wire length, the median of the distribution exponentially
decreases as a function of the square root of the length. Actually, the whole
distribution decays as the inverse square root of the length except close to
G=0 where the distribution accumulates the weight lost at larger conductances.
It accurately follows the theoretical prediction once the free parameter is
correctly fitted. Moreover, when the number of channels equals the wire length
but contacts are kept finite, the conductance distribution is still described
by the previous model. It is shown that the common origin of this behavior is a
simple Gaussian statistics followed by the logarithm of the E=0 wavefunction
weight ratio of a system showing chiral symmetry. A finite value of the
two-dimensional conductance mean is obtained in the infinite size limit. Both
conductance and the wavefunction statistics distributions are given in this
limit. This results are consistent with the 'critical' character of the E=0
wavefunction predicted in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123390 </DOCNO>
A massive reservoir of low-excitation molecular gas at high redshift


  Molecular hydrogen is an important component of galaxies because it fuels
star formation and accretion onto AGN, the two processes that generate the
large infrared luminosities of gas-rich galaxies. Observations of spectral-line
emission from the tracer molecule CO are used to probe the properties of this
gas. But the lines that have been studied in the local Universe, mostly the
lower rotational transitions of J = 1-0 and J = 2-1, have hitherto been
unobservable in high-redshift galaxies. Instead, higher transitions have been
used, although the densities and temperatures required to excite these higher
transitions may not be reached by much of the gas. As a result, past
observations may have underestimated the total amount of molecular gas by a
substantial amount. Here we report the discovery of large amounts of
low-excitation molecular gas around the infrared-luminous quasar, APM
08279+5255 at z = 3.91, using the two lowest excitation lines of 12CO (J = 1-0
and J = 2-1). The maps confirm the presence of hot and dense gas near the
nucleus, and reveal an extended reservoir of molecular gas with low excitation
that is 10 to 100 times more massive than the gas traced by higher-excitation
observations. This raises the possibility that significant amounts of
low-excitation molecular gas may lurk in the environments of high-redshift (z >
3) galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174627 </DOCNO>
Calibration of the STAR Forward Time Projection Chamber with Krypton-83m


  The principles of the calibration of a time projection chamber with
radioactive Krypton-83 are explained. The calculation of gain correction
factors and the methods of obtaining a precise energy calibration are
illustrated. The properties and advantages of \nuc{83m}{Kr} are summarized and
compared to other radioactive calibration sources. It was shown that the
Krypton calibration for the STAR FTPC is feasible and recommendable although
the pad geometry of the FTPC causes a considerable deterioration of the
measured spectrum due to only partially detected charge clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123794 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Iron K$_{\alpha}$ Line Emission in the Black Hole Candidate


  GX 339-4 was regularly monitored with RXTE during a period (in 1999) when its
X-ray flux decreased significantly (from 4.2$\times 10^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}
s^{-1}$ to 7.6$\times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ in the 3--20 keV band),
as the source settled into the ``off state''. Our spectral analysis revealed
the presence of a prominent iron K$_{\alpha}$ line in the observed spectrum of
the source for all observations. The line shows an interesting evolution: it is
centered at $\sim$6.4 keV when the measured flux is above 5$\times 10^{-11}$
erg cm$^{-2} s^{-1}$, but is shifted to $\sim$6.7 keV at lower fluxes. The
equivalent width of the line appears to increase significantly toward lower
fluxes, although it is likely to be sensitive to calibration uncertainties.
While the fluorescent emission of neutral or mildly ionized iron atoms in the
accretion disk can perhaps account for the 6.4 keV line, as is often invoked
for black hole candidates, it seems difficult to understand the 6.7 keV line
with this mechanism, because the disk should be less ionized at lower fluxes
(unless its density changes drastically). On the other hand, the 6.7 keV line
might be due to recombination cascade of hydrogen or helium like iron ions in
an optically thin, highly ionized plasma. We discuss the results in the context
of proposed accretion models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128627 </DOCNO>
The Field population towards NGC 6553


  We analyze the colour magnitude diagram of the field population in the
direction of the bulge cluster NGC 6553 to discuss the stellar field component
projected towards the cluster. In particular we investigate the nature of a
peculiar feature, called ``red flare'' which appears as a faint turnoff,
located 2 magnitudes about below the turnoff of the cluster, with a sparse
trace of a sub-giant branch just above. A detailed modeling shows that the red
flare is consistent with the expected location of the turnoff and sub-giant
branch of the bulge population, once that the appropriate metallicity range and
spatial distribution of the bulge stars are adopted. From the data, hints can
be derived about the spatial shape and the basic stellar parameters of the
bulge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75950 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Regge Trajectories in the Resonance Energy Region


  Nonlinearity of hadronic Regge trajectories in the resonance energy region
has been proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5556 </DOCNO>
A Wavelet Analysis of Transient Spike Trains of Hodgkin-Huxley Neurons


  Transient spike trains consisting of $M$ (= 1 - 5) pulses generated by single
Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neurons, have been analyzed by using both the continuous
and discrete wavelet transformations (WT). We have studied effects of
variations in the interspike intervals (ISI) of the spikes and effects of
noises on the energy distribution and the wavelet entropy, which are expressed
in terms of the WT expansion coefficients. The results obtained by the WT are
discussed in connection with those obtained by the Fourier transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128601 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Cosmological Relativistic Energy Density


  We discuss bounds on the cosmological relativistic energy density as a
function of redshift, reviewing the big bang nucleosynthesis and cosmic
microwave background bounds, updating bounds from large scale structure, and
introducing a new bound from the magnitude-redshift relation of Type Ia
supernovae. We conclude that the standard and well-motivated assumption that
relativistic energy is negligible during recent epochs is not necessitated by
extant data. We then demonstrate the utility of these bounds by constraining
the mass and lifetime of a hypothetical massive big bang relic particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76364 </DOCNO>
Fieldbus Device Drivers for Accelerator Control at DESY


  In order to interface the DESY fieldbus adapter, SEDAC (SErial Data
Acquisition and Control system), a full duplex device driver was developed for
the Windows NT, Linux, VxWorks, and Solaris operating systems. Detailed driver
development issues as well as a common user interface will be presented, along
with a comparison of the device drivers among the different operating systems.
In particular, we shall present benchmark results concerning general
performance as well as ease of development.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124801 </DOCNO>
Timing the millisecond pulsars in 47 Tucanae


  In the last 10 years 20 millisecond pulsars have been discovered in the
globular cluster 47 Tucanae. Hitherto, only 3 of these had published timing
solutions. Here we improve upon these 3 and present 12 new solutions. These
measurements can be used to determine a variety of physical properties of the
pulsars and of the cluster. The 15 pulsars have positions determined with
typical uncertianties of only a few milliarcsec and they are all located within
1.2 arcmin of the cluster centre. We have also measured the proper motions of 5
of the pulsars, which are consistent with the proper motion of 47 Tuc based on
Hipparcos data. The period derivatives measured for many of the pulsars are
dominated by the dynamical effects of the cluster gravitational field, and are
used to constrain the surface mass density of the cluster. All pulsars have
characteristic ages T > 170 Myr and magnetic fields B < 2.4e9 Gauss, and the
average T > 1 Gyr. We have measured the rate of advance of periastron for the
binary pulsar J0024-7204H, implying a total system mass 1.4+-0.8 solar masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81075 </DOCNO>
Calorons and localization of quark eigenvectors in lattice QCD


  We analyze the localization properties for eigenvectors of the Dirac operator
in quenched lattice QCD in the vicinity of the deconfinement phase transition.
Studying the characteristic differences between the Z_3 sectors above the
critical temperature T_c, we find indications for the presence of calorons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73323 </DOCNO>
Little String Theory at a TeV


  We propose a framework where the string scale as well as all compact
dimensions are at the electroweak scale $\sim$ TeV$^{-1}$. The weakness of
gravity is attributed to the small value of the string coupling $g_s \sim
10^{-16}$, presumably a remnant of the dilaton's runaway behavior, suggesting
the possibility of a common solution to the hierarchy and dilaton-runaway
problems. In spite of the small $g_s$, in type II string theories with gauge
interactions localized in the vicinity of NS5-branes, the standard model gauge
couplings are of order one and are associated with the sizes of compact
dimensions. At a TeV these theories exhibit higher dimensional and stringy
behavior. The models are holographically dual to a higher dimensional
non-critical string theory and this can be used to compute the experimentally
accessible spectrum and self-couplings of the little strings. In spite of the
stringy behavior, gravity remains weak and can be ignored at collider energies.
The Damour-Polyakov mechanism is an automatic consequence of our scenario and
suggests the presence of a massless conformally-coupled scalar, leading to
potentially observable deviations from Einstein's theory, including violations
of the equivalence principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149321 </DOCNO>
Functional Approach to Classical Yang-Mills Theories


  Sometime ago it was shown that the operatorial approach to classical
mechanics, pioneered in the 30's by Koopman and von Neumann, can have a
functional version. In this talk we will extend this functional approach to the
case of classical field theories and in particular to the Yang-Mills ones. We
shall show that the issues of gauge-fixing and Faddeev-Popov determinant arise
also in this classical formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1053 </DOCNO>
Total-energy-based prediction of a quasicrystal structure


  Quasicrystals are metal alloys whose noncrystallographic symmetry and lack of
structural periodicity challenge methods of experimental structure
determination. Here we employ quantum-based total-energy calculations to
predict the structure of a decagonal quasicrystal from first principles
considerations. We employ Monte Carlo simulations, taking as input the
knowledge that a decagonal phase occurs in Al-Ni-Co near a given composition,
and using a few features of the experimental Patterson function. The resulting
structure obeys a nearly deterministic decoration of tiles on a hierarchy of
length scales related by powers of $\tau$, the golden mean.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129065 </DOCNO>
The Angular Clustering of Galaxy Pairs


  We identify close pairs of galaxies from 278 deg^2 of Sloan Digital Sky
Survey commissioning imaging data. The pairs are drawn from a sample of 330,041
galaxies with 18 < r^* < 20. We determine the angular correlation function of
galaxy pairs, and find it to be stronger than the correlation function of
single galaxies by a factor of 2.9 +/- 0.4. The two correlation functions have
the same logarithmic slope of 0.77. We invert Limber's equation to estimate the
three-dimensional correlation functions; we find clustering lengths of r_0= 4.2
+/- 0.4 h^{-1} Mpc for galaxies and 7.8 +/- 0.7 h^{-1} Mpc for galaxy pairs.
These results agree well with the global richness dependence of the correlation
functions of galaxy systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1926 </DOCNO>
Molecular dynamics simulation study of the high frequency sound waves in


  Using a realistic flexible molecule model of the fragile glass former
orthoterphenyl, we calculate via molecular dynamics simulation the collective
dynamic structure factor, recently measured in this system by Inelastic X-ray
Scattering. The comparison of the simulated and measured dynamic structure
factor, and the study of its properties in an extended momentum, frequency and
temperature range allows: i) to conclude that the utilized molecular model
gives rise to a dynamic structure factor in agreement with the experimental
data, for those thermodynamic states and momentum values where the latter are
available; ii) to confirm the existence of a slope discontinuity on the
T-dependence of the sound velocity that, at finite Q, takes place at a
temperature T_x higher than the calorimetric glass transition temperature T_g;
iii) to find that the values of T_x is Q-dependent and that its vanishing Q
limit is consistent with T_g. The latter finding is interpreted within the
framework of the current description of the dynamics of supercooled liquids in
terms of exploration of the potential energy landscape.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73986 </DOCNO>
Spintessence! New Models for Dark Matter and Dark Energy


  We propose a new class of ``spintessence'' models for dark matter and/or
negative-pressure, dynamical dark energy consisting of a complex scalar field
$\phi$ spinning in a U(1)-symmetric potential $V(\phi)=V(|\phi|)$. As the
Universe expands, the field spirals slowly toward the origin. The choice of
$V(\phi)$ determines the equation-of-state parameter ${w}$, which may be either
constant or evolving with time. Spintessence models can introduce a variety of
novel effects in the growth of density perturbations. We discuss connections
with quintessence and self-interacting and fuzzy cold dark matter, possible
implications for the coincidence problem, baryogenesis, and cosmological
birefringence, as well as generalizations of spintessence to models with higher
global symmetry and models in which the symmetry is not exact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 172 </DOCNO>
Stratified horizontal flow in vertically vibrated granular layers


  A layer of granular material on a vertically vibrating sawtooth-shaped base
exhibits horizontal flow whose speed and direction depend on the parameters
specifying the system in a complex manner. Discrete-particle simulations reveal
that the induced flow rate varies with height within the granular layer and
oppositely directed flows can occur at different levels. The behavior of the
overall flow is readily understood once this novel feature is taken into
account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96737 </DOCNO>
An expansion formula for the Askey-Wilson function


  The Askey-Wilson function transform is a q-analogue of the Jacobi function
transform with kernel given by an explicit non-polynomial eigenfunction of the
Askey-Wilson second order q-difference operator. The kernel is called the
Askey-Wilson function. In this paper an explicit expansion formula for the
Askey-Wilson function in terms of Askey-Wilson polynomials is proven. With this
expansion formula at hand, the image under the Askey-Wilson function transform
of an Askey-Wilson polynomial multiplied by an analogue of the Gaussian is
computed explicitly. As a special case of these formulas a q-analogue (in one
variable) of the Macdonald-Mehta integral is obtained, for which also two
alternative, direct proofs are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169 </DOCNO>
Internal Modes and Magnon Scattering on Topological Solitons in 2d


  We study the magnon modes in the presence of a topological soliton in a 2d
Heisenberg easy-axis ferromagnet. The problem of magnon scattering on the
soliton with arbitrary relation between the soliton radius R and the "magnetic
length" Delta_0 is investigated for partial modes with different values of the
azimuthal quantum numbers m. Truly local modes are shown to be present for all
values of m, when the soliton radius is enough large. The eigenfrequencies of
such internal modes are calculated analytically on limiting case of a large
soliton radius and numerically for arbitrary soliton radius. It is demonstrated
that the model of an isotropic magnet, which admits an exact analytical
investigation, is not adequate even for the limit of small radius solitons,
R<<Delta_0: there exists a local mode with nonzero frequency. We use the data
about local modes to derive the effective equation of soliton motion; this
equation has the usual Newtonian form in contrast to the case of the easy-plane
ferromagnet. The effective mass of the soliton is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169048 </DOCNO>
Structured quantum search in NP-complete problems using the cumulative


  In the multitarget Grover algorithm, we are given an unstructured N-element
list of objects S_i containing a T-element subset tau and function f, called an
oracle, such that f(S_i)=1 if S_i is in tau, otherwise f(S_i) = 0. By using
quantum parallelism, an element of tau can be retrieved in O(sqrt(N/T)) steps,
compared to O(N/T) for any classical algorithm. It is shown here that in
combinatorial optimization problems with N=4^M, the density of states can be
used in conjunction with the multitarget Grover algorithm to construct a
sequence of oracles that structure the search so that the optimum state is
obtained with certainty in O(log(N)) steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4390 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Quasiparticle Lifetime in Graphite: Band Structure Effects


  We report ab initio calculation of quasiparticle lifetimes in graphite, as
determined from the imaginary part of the self-energy operator within the GW
aproximation. The inverse lifetime in the energy range from 0.5 to 3.5 eV above
the Fermi level presents significant deviations from the quadratic behavior
naively expected from Fermi liquid theory. The deviations are explained in
terms of the unique features of the band structure of this material. We also
discuss the experimental results from different groups and make some
predictions for future experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81444 </DOCNO>
Finite-size scaling for two-flavor QCD and comparison with O(N) models


  The chiral transition for two-flavor QCD is predicted to be in the same
universality class as the 3d O(4) model. This prediction is verified in the
Wilson case, but not for the staggered-fermion case. The comparison is usually
done assuming infinite-volume behavior. Here we make an analysis of existing
staggered-fermion data using finite-size scaling and normalizing the QCD data.
We find better agreement for larger quark masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83803 </DOCNO>
Conceptual Analysis of Lexical Taxonomies: The Case of WordNet Top-Level


  In this paper we propose an analysis and an upgrade of WordNet's top-level
synset taxonomy. We briefly review WordNet and identify its main semantic
limitations. Some principles from a forthcoming OntoClean methodology are
applied to the ontological analysis of WordNet. A revised top-level taxonomy is
proposed, which is meant to be more conceptually rigorous, cognitively
transparent, and efficiently exploitable in several applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113504 </DOCNO>
Implementation of analytical Hartree-Fock gradients for periodic systems


  We describe the implementation of analytical Hartree-Fock gradients for
periodic systems in the code CRYSTAL, emphasizing the technical aspects of this
task. The code is now capable of calculating analytical derivatives with
respect to nuclear coordinates for systems periodic in 0, 1, 2 and 3 dimensions
(i.e. molecules, polymers, slabs and solids). Both closed-shell restricted and
unrestricted Hartree-Fock gradients have been implemented. A comparison with
numerical derivatives shows that the forces are highly accurate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76719 </DOCNO>
Radiative (phi -> f_0(980) gamma) decay in light cone QCD sum rules


  The light cone QCD sum rules method is used to calculate the transition form
factor for the radiative (phi -> f_0 gamma) decay, assuming that quark content
of the f_0 meson is pure (bar s s) state. The branching ratio is estimated to
be B(phi -> f_0 \gamma) = 3.5 x (1 pm 0.3) x 10^(-4). A comparison of our
prediction on branching ratio with the theoretical results and experimental
data existing in literature is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3770 </DOCNO>
Global Organization of the Lexicon


  The lexicon consists of a set of word meanings and their semantic
relationships. A systematic representation of the English lexicon based in
psycholinguistic considerations has been put together in the database Wordnet
in a long-term collaborative effort1. We present here a quantitative study of
the graph structure of Wordnet in order to understand the global organization
of the lexicon. We find that semantic links follow power-law, scale-invariant
behaviors typical of self-organizing networks. Polysemy, the ambiguity of an
individual word, can act as a link in the semantic network, relating the
different meanings of a common word. Inclusion of polysemous links has a
profound impact in the organization of the semantic graph, converting it into a
small world, with clusters of high traffic (hubs) representing abstract
concepts. Our results show that polysemy organizes the semantic graph in a
compact and categorical representation, and thus may explain the ubiquity of
polysemy across languages.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129307 </DOCNO>
Kinematics of Distant Galaxies from Keck


  DEEP is a two-phase spectral survey of faint field galaxies with the Keck
Telescopes. The goals include exploring galaxy formation and evolution, mapping
distant large scale structures, and constraining cosmology. DEEP, since its
inception in the early 1990's, has been distinguished by an emphasis on
studying the kinematics and masses of distant galaxies. The major DEEP survey
in the second phase (DEEP2) is scheduled to begin in 2002 using a new
spectrograph and will mainly aim for a sample of 50,000 galaxies to I ~ 23.
Until then, the first phase of DEEP science programs will have been
concentrating on using existing Keck spectrographs to undertake spectral
surveys of over 1000 galaxies that have also been observed with HST. I will
highlight the study of rotation curves of distant spirals; the fundamental
plane of faint, high-redshift E/S0s; the narrow velocity widths seen in
luminous blue compact galaxies; and the diversity of kinematics seen in a small
sample of high redshift (z ~ 3) galaxies. These DEEP pilot programs have
clearly demonstrated the feasibility, importance, and potential of using
kinematics to better understand distant galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 507 </DOCNO>
Internal Spatial Oscillations in a Single Trapped Bose--Einstein


  I predict the existence of internal spatial currents in a {\it single}
macroscopic quantum system, namely in trapped dilute-gas at sufficiently low
temperatures, when a Bose-Einstein condensation occurs. The spatial profiles of
the wavefunctions of low-lying states in such a system are different due to the
inhomogeneity, caused by an asymmetry of external trapping potential. This is
the reason for appearing of Josephson--like oscillations between atomic
subsystems in different states including the ground state as well. Using a
simple model for the wavefunctions of three low-lying states we demonstrate how
essential this effect can be. The possible applications of the predicted effect
are briefly discussed. Particularly, this effect opens the possibility to
identify experimentally the low lying excited states of a system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95821 </DOCNO>
Artin monoids inject in their groups


  We prove that the natural homomorphism from an Artin monoid to its associated
Artin group is always injective

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126539 </DOCNO>
The Intriguing New Cataclysmic Variable KUV03580+0614


  Photometric and spectroscopic observations of the candidate cataclysmic
variable KUV03580+0614, independently found from the Hamburg survey as
HS0357+0614, reveal this to be a cataclysmic variable with an orbital period of
3.4 hrs. CVs with periods in this range are usually novalikes belonging to the
SW Sex or Intermediate Polar categories. The variability, spectroscopic
characteristics and the lack of strong X-rays indicate a system similar to V795
Her, LS Peg and AH Men.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125355 </DOCNO>
Detection of an X-ray Pulsar Wind Nebula and Tail in SNR N157B


  We report Chandra X-ray observations of the supernova remnant N157B in the
Large Magellanic Cloud, which are presented together with an archival HST
optical image and a radio continuum map for comparison. This remnant contains
the recently discovered 16 ms X-ray pulsar PSR J0537-6910, the most rapidly
rotating young pulsar known.
  Using phase-resolved Chandra imaging, we pinpoint the location of the pulsar
to within an uncertainty of less than 1 arcsec. PSR J0537-6910 is not detected
in any other wavelength band. The X-ray observations resolve three distinct
features: the pulsar itself, a surrounding compact wind nebula which is
strongly elongated and a feature of large-scale diffuse emission trailing from
the pulsar. This latter comet tail-shaped feature coexists with enhanced radio
emission and is oriented nearly perpendicular to the major axis of the pulsar
wind nebula. We propose the following scenario to explain these features. The
bright, compact nebula is likely powered by a toroidal pulsar wind of
relativistic particles which is partially confined by the ram-pressure from the
supersonic motion of the pulsar. The particles, after being forced out from the
compact nebula (the head of the ``comet''), are eventually dumped into a bubble
(the tail), which is primarily responsible for the extended diffuse X-ray and
radio emission. The ram-pressure confinement also allows a natural explanation
for the observed X-ray luminosity of the compact nebula and for the unusually
small X-ray to spin-down luminosity ratio, compared to similarly energetic
pulsars. We estimate the pulsar wind Lorentz factor of N157B as about 4 times
10^6 (with an uncertainty of a factor about 2, consistent with that inferred
from the modeling of the Crab Nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3997 </DOCNO>
A Thermodynamic Model for Prebiotic RNA-Protein Co-evolution


  We propose a scenario for the prebiotic co-evolution of RNA and of fast
folding proteins with large entropy gaps as observed today. We show from very
general principles that the folding and unfolding of the proteins synthesized
by RNA can function as a heat pump. Rock surfaces can facilitate the folding of
amino acid chains having polar and hydrophobic residues, with an accompanying
heat loss to the surrounding rock. These chains then absorb heat from the soup
as they unfold. This opens the way to the enhancement of RNA replication rates,
by the enzymatic action of folded proteins present in greater numbers at
reduced temperatures. This gives an evolutionary advantage to those RNA coding
amino acid sequences with non-degenerate folded states which would provide the
most efficient refrigeration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6595 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of certain antiferromagnets with complicated ordering:


  The critical behavior of a complex N-component order parameter
Ginzburg-Landau model with isotropic and cubic interactions describing
antiferromagnetic and structural phase transitions in certain crystals with
complicated ordering is studied in the framework of the four-loop
renormalization group (RG) approach in $(4-\ve)$ dimensions. By using
dimensional regularization and the minimal subtraction scheme, the perturbative
expansions for RG functions are deduced and resummed by the Borel-Leroy
transformation combined with a conformal mapping. Investigation of the global
structure of RG flows for the physically significant cases N=2 and N=3 shows
that the model has an anisotropic stable fixed point governing the continuous
phase transitions with new critical exponents. This is supported by the
estimate of the critical dimensionality $N_c=1.445(20)$ obtained from six loops
via the exact relation $N_c={1/2} n_c$ established for the complex and real
hypercubic models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98584 </DOCNO>
Control of radii of convergence and extension of subanalytic functions


  Let g denote a real analytic function on an open subset U of Euclidean space,
and let S denote the boundary points of U where g does not admit a local
analytic extension. We show that if g is semialgebraic (respectively, globally
subanalytic), then S is semialgebraic (respectively, subanalytic) and g extends
to a neighbourhood of cl(U)\S as an analytic function that is semialgebraic
(respectively, globally subanalytic). (In the general subanalytic case, S is
not necessarily subanalytic.) Our proof depends on controlling the radii of
convergence of power series G centred at points in the image of an analytic
mapping, in terms of the radii of convergence of the pull-backs of G at points
of the source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76290 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model Effective Potential at Two Loops


  We calculate the standard model effective potential to two loops using
minimal subtraction, and use the result to deduce the two-loop beta-functions
for the scalar mass and quartic self-interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96250 </DOCNO>
Totally geodesic subgroups of diffeomorphisms


  We determine the Riemannian manifolds for which the group of exact volume
preserving diffeomorphisms is a totally geodesic subgroup of the group of
volume preserving diffeomorphisms, considering right invariant $L^2$-metrics.
The same is done for the subgroup of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms as a subgroup
of the group of symplectic diffeomorphisms in the K\"ahler case. These are
special cases of totally geodesic subgroups of diffeomorphisms with Lie
algebras big enough to detect the vanishing of a symmetric 2-tensor field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6354 </DOCNO>
Duality and self-duality in Ginzburg-Landau theory with Chern-Simons


  We derive the exact dual theory of a lattice Ginzburg-Landau theory with an
additional topological Chern-Simons (CS) term. It is shown that in the
zero-temperature limit, the statistical parameter $\theta=1/2\pi$ corresponds
to a fixed point of the duality transformation. Thus we have found a nontrivial
example of self-duality in three dimensions. In this scenario, the
specialization of anyonic to fermionic statistics my be viewed as a phase
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5227 </DOCNO>
Energetics of hydrogen impurities in aluminum and their effect on


  The effects of hydrogen impurities in the bulk and on the surface of aluminum
are theoretically investigated. Within the framework of density functional
theory, we have obtained the dependence on H concentration of the stacking
fault energy, the cleavage energy, the Al/H surface energy and the Al/H/Al
interface formation energy. The results indicate a strong dependence of the
slip energy barrier in the $[\bar 211]$ direction the cleavage energy in the
[111] direction and the Al/H/Al interface formation energy, on H concentration
and on tension. The dependence of the Al/H surface energy on H coverage is less
pronounced, while the optimal H coverage is $\leq 0.25$ monolayer. The
calculated activation energy for diffusion between high symmetry sites in the
bulk and on the surface is practically the same, 0.167 eV. From these results,
we draw conclusions about the possible effect of H impurities on mechanical
properties, and in particular on their role in embrittlement of Al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72425 </DOCNO>
Dirac and Majorana heavy neutrinos at LEP II


  The possibility of detecting single heavy Dirac and Majorana neutrinos at LEP
II is investigated for heavy neutrino masses in the range $M_N=(\sqrt s/2,
\sqrt s)$. We study the process $e^+e^- \longrightarrow \nu_{\ell} \ell q_i
\bar q_j $ as a clear signature for heavy neutrinos. Numerical estimates for
cross sections and distributions for the signal and the background are
calculated and a Monte Carlo reconstruction of final state particles after
hadronization is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167930 </DOCNO>
Quantum Networks for Concentrating Entanglement


  If two parties, Alice and Bob, share some number, n, of partially entangled
pairs of qubits, then it is possible for them to concentrate these pairs into
some smaller number of maximally entangled states. We present a simplified
version of the algorithm for such entanglement concentration, and we describe
efficient networks for implementing these operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74171 </DOCNO>
Inflation from D-\bar{D} brane annihilation


  We demonstrate that the initial conditions for inflation are met when D5 and
\bar{D}5 branes annihilate. This scenario uses Sen's conjecture that a
co-dimension two vortex forms on the worldvolume of the annihilated 5-brane
system. Analogous to a "Big Bang", when the five branes annihilate, a vortex
localized on a 3-brane forms and its false vacuum energy generates an
inflationy space-time. We also provide a natural mechanism for ending inflation
via the motion of the vortex in the bulk due to its extrinsic curvature. We
also suggest a consistent way to end inflation and localize matter on our
space-time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128443 </DOCNO>
Spiral arms, bar shape and bulge microlensing in the Milky Way


  A new model for the luminosity distribution in the inner Milky Way is found,
using a non-parametric penalized maximum-likelihood algorithm to deproject a
dereddened COBE/DIRBE L-band map of the inner Galaxy. The model is also
constrained by the apparent magnitude (line-of-sight) distributions of clump
giant stars in certain bulge fields. An important new feature is the inclusion
of a spiral arm model in the disk. Spiral arms make the model appear broader on
the sky, thus our bar is more elongated than in previous eight-fold symmetric
models. They also lead to a smoother disk model interior to the Sun. The bar
length is approx. 3.5kpc and its axis ratios are 1:(0.3-0.4):0.3, independent
of whether the spiral arm model is 4-armed or 2-armed. The larger elongation in
the plane makes it possible to reproduce the observed clump giant distributions
as well. For the bar angle we estimate 15^o <= phi <= 30^o, with the best
models obtained for 20^o <= phi <= 25^o. We use our reference model to predict
a microlensing optical depth map towards the bulge, normalising its mass by the
observed terminal velocity curve. For clump giant sources at (l,b)=(3.9,-3.8)
we find tau_{-6}:=tau/10^{-6}=1.27, within 1.8*sigma of the new MACHO
measurement given by Popowski et al. The value for all sources at
(l,b)=(2.68,-3.35) is tau_{-6}=1.1, still >3*sigma away from the published
MACHO DIA value. The dispersion of these tau_{-6} values within our models is
10%. Because the distribution of sources is well-fit by the NIR model,
increasing the predicted optical depths by >20% will be difficult. Thus the
high value of the measured clump giant optical depth argues for a near-maximal
disk in the Milky Way. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6524 </DOCNO>
Theoretical aspects of vertical and lateral manipulation of atoms


  Using total energy calculations, based on interaction potentials from the
embedded atom method, we show that the presence of the tip not only lowers the
barrier for lateral diffusion of the adatom towards it, but also shifts the
corresponding saddle point. For a Cu adatom at a (100) microfacetted step on
Cu(111) this shift is 0.6 A. The effect of the tip geometry and shape on the
energetics of lateral manipulation was found to be subtle. In the case of
vertical manipulation of a Cu adatom on flat, stepped, and kinked Cu surfaces
we find an unusual but interesting result. It is found that as the tip
approaches the surface, it becomes easier to extract the adatom from the
stepped and kinked surfaces, as compared to the flat surface. This counter
intuitive result can be explained in terms of tip induced changes in the
bonding of the adatom to its low coordinated surroundings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95713 </DOCNO>
Examples of infinity and Lie algebras and their versal deformations


  This article explores some simple examples of L-infinity algebras and the
construction of miniversal deformations of these structures. Among other
things, it is shown that there are two families of nonequivalent L-infinity
structures on a 1|1 dimensional vector space, two of which are Lie algebra
structures. The main purpose of this work is to provide a simple effective
procedure for constructing miniversal deformations, using the examples to
illustrate the general technique. The same method can be applied directly to
construct versal deformations of Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83711 </DOCNO>
Iterative Residual Rescaling: An Analysis and Generalization of LSI


  We consider the problem of creating document representations in which
inter-document similarity measurements correspond to semantic similarity. We
first present a novel subspace-based framework for formalizing this task. Using
this framework, we derive a new analysis of Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI),
showing a precise relationship between its performance and the uniformity of
the underlying distribution of documents over topics. This analysis helps
explain the improvements gained by Ando's (2000) Iterative Residual Rescaling
(IRR) algorithm: IRR can compensate for distributional non-uniformity. A
further benefit of our framework is that it provides a well-motivated,
effective method for automatically determining the rescaling factor IRR depends
on, leading to further improvements. A series of experiments over various
settings and with several evaluation metrics validates our claims.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128337 </DOCNO>
The apsidal motion in close binary stars


  It is usually accepted to consider an apsidal motion in binary stars as a
direct confirmation that a substance inside stars is not uniformly distributed.
It is shown in this paper that the apsidal motion in binary systems observation
data is in a good agreement with an existence of uniform plasma cores inside
stars if they consist of hydrogen-deuterium-helium mixture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126266 </DOCNO>
1999 Quadrantids and the lunar Na atmosphere


  Enhancements of the Na emission and temperature from the lunar atmosphere
were reported during the Leonids meteor showers of 1995, 1997 and 1998. Here we
report a search for similar enhancement during the 1999 Quadrantids, which have
the highest mass flux of any of the major streams. No enhancements were
detected. We suggest that different chemical-physical properties of the Leonid
and Quadrantid streams may be responsible for the difference.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125549 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing constraint on the cosmic equation of state


  Recent redshift-distance measurements of Type Ia supernovae at cosmological
distances suggest that two-third of the energy density of the universe is
dominated by dark energy component with an effective negative pressure. This
dark energy component is described by the equation of state $p_{x} = w
\rho_{x}$ $(w \geq -1)$. We use gravitational lensing statistics to constrain
the equation of state of this dark energy. We use $n(\Delta\theta)$, image
separation distribution function of lensed quasars, as a tool to probe $w$. We
find that for the observed range of $\Omega_m \sim 0.2 - 0.4$, $w$ should lie
between $-0.75 \leq w \leq -0.42$ in order to have five lensed quasars in a
sample of 867 optical quasars. This limit is highly sensitive to lens and
Schechter parameters and evolution of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87152 </DOCNO>
Quantum Effects of an Extra Compact Dimension on the Wave Function of


  We extend the direct quantum approach of the standard FRW cosmology from 4D
to 5D and obtain a Hamiltonian formulation for a wave-like 5D FRW cosmology.
Using a late-time approximation we isolate out a y-part from the full wave
function of the 5D Universe. Then we find that the compactness of the fifth
dimension y yields a quantized spectrum for the momentum $P_{5}$ along the
fifth dimension, and we show that the whole space-part of the wave function of
the 5D Universe satisfies a two-dimensional Schr\"odinger equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127919 </DOCNO>
A Chandra X-ray Study of Cygnus A - II. The Nucleus


  We report Chandra ACIS and quasi-simultaneous RXTE observations of the
nearby, powerful radio galaxy Cygnus A, with the present paper focusing on the
properties of the active nucleus. In the Chandra observation, the hard (> a few
keV) X-ray emission is spatially unresolved with a size \approxlt 1 arcsec (1.5
kpc, H_0 = 50 km s^-1 Mpc^-1) and coincides with the radio and near infrared
nuclei. In contrast, the soft (< 2 keV) emission exhibits a bi-polar nebulosity
that aligns with the optical bi-polar continuum and emission-line structures
and approximately with the radio jet. In particular, the soft X-ray emission
corresponds very well with the [O III] \lambda 5007 and H\alpha + [N II]
\lambda\lambda 6548, 6583 nebulosity imaged with HST. At the location of the
nucleus there is only weak soft X-ray emission, an effect that may be intrinsic
or result from a dust lane that crosses the nucleus perpendicular to the source
axis. The spectra of the various X-ray components have been obtained by
simultaneous fits to the 6 detectors. The compact nucleus is detected to 100
keV and is well described by a heavily absorbed power law spectrum with
\Gamma_h = 1.52^{+0.12}_{-0.12} (similar to other narrow line radio galaxies)
and equivalent hydrogen column N_H (nuc) = 2.0^{+0.1}_{-0.2} \times 10^{23}
cm^-2.
  (Abstract truncated).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74594 </DOCNO>
Homogeneity, Flatness and "Large" Extra Dimensions


  We consider a model in which the universe is the direct product of a
(3+1)-dimensional Friedmann, Robertson-Walker (FRW) space and a compact
hyperbolic manifold (CHM). Standard Model fields are confined to a point in the
CHM (i.e. to a brane). In such a space, the decay of massive Kaluza-Klein modes
leads to the injection of any initial bulk entropy into the observable (FRW)
universe. Both Kolmogoro-Sinai mixing due to the non-integrability of flows on
CHMs and the large statistical averaging inherent in the collapse of the
initial entropy onto the brane smooth out any initial inhomogeneities in the
distribution of matter and of 3-curvature on any slice of constant 3-position.
If, as we assume, the initial densities and curvatures in each fundamental
correlation volume are drawn from some universal underlying distributions
independent of location within the space, then these smoothing mechanisms
effectively reduce the density and curvature inhomogeneities projected onto the
FRW. This smoothing is sufficient to account for the current homogeneity and
flatness of the universe. The fundamental scale of physics can be $\gsim 1$TeV.
All relevant mass and length scales can have natural values in fundamental
units. All large dimensionless numbers, such as the entropy of the universe,
are understood as consequences of the topology of spacetime which is not
explained. No model for the origin of structure is proffered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76590 </DOCNO>
Collective Flow vs. Hard Processes in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions


  In relativistic heavy ion collisions, the $p_T$ distributions of hadrons
reflect the transverse motion generated during the collision and therefore the
collision dynamics. The moderate $p_T$ values measured to date at $\sqrt{s}
\approx $ 20 GeV/nucleon contain a mix of hard and soft processes. The
available data from the SPS on $\pi$, K, p, and $\Lambda$ are used to constrain
the magnitude of collective radial expansion. In $A+A$ collisions, the
hydrodynamic distributions determined from the measured collective expansion
are determined up to high $p_T$ and are consistent with the $\pi^{0}$ data. To
cleanly observe hard processes, measurements at $p_T \ge 4$ GeV/c will be
required. Pions produced in $p+W$ collisions clearly deviate from hydrodynamic
distributions at $p_T > 2$ GeV/c, underscoring the differences in the physics
between $p+A$ and $A+A$ collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73575 </DOCNO>
Poincare' invariance and the heavy-quark potential


  We derive and discuss the constraints induced by Poincare' invariance on the
form of the heavy-quark potential up to order 1/m^2. We present two
derivations: one uses general arguments directly based on the Poincare' algebra
and the other follows from an explicit calculation on the expression of the
potential in terms of Wilson loops. We confirm relations from the literature,
but also clarify the origin of a long-standing false statement pointed out
recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169045 </DOCNO>
Decoherence of anomalously-fluctuating states of finite macroscopic


  In quantum systems of a macroscopic size V, such as interacting many
particles and quantum computers with many qubits, there exist pure states such
that fluctuations of some intensive operator A is anomalously large, <\delta
A^2> = O(V^0), which is much larger than that assumed in thermodynamics,
<\delta A^2> = O(1/V). By making full use of the locality, we show, starting
from Hamiltonians of macroscopic degrees of freedom, that such states decohere
at anomalously fast rates when they are weakly perturbed from environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2884 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensates in atomic gases: simple theoretical results


  These notes present simple theoretical approaches to study Bose-Einstein
condensation in trapped atomic gases and their comparison to recent
experimental results : - the ideal Bose gas model - Fermi pseudopotential to
model the atomic interaction potential - finite temperature Hartree-Fock
approximation - Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate wavefunction -
what we learn from a linearization of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation -
Bogoliubov approach and thermodynamical stability - phase coherence properties
of Bose-Einstein condensates - symmetry breaking description of condensates

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129586 </DOCNO>
The ROSEBUD experiment at Canfranc: 2001 report


  The ROSEBUD experiment for Direct Dark Matter detection settled in 1999 in
the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. The first phase of the experiment was
dedicated to the understanding and reduction of the radioactive background
following successive removals of the radioimpure materials. Sapphire (25g, 50g)
and germanium (67g) absorbers were used. Thresholds respectively lower than
1keV and 450 eV were achieved on these detectors. The second phase of the
experiment plans to use scintillating bolometers to discriminate between
recoiling nuclei and electrons. Prototypes using commercial CaWO4 (54g) and BGO
(46g) were designed for this purpose. While internal contamination was found
and identified in both targets, neutron calibrations revealed their high
discrimination power. A 6 keV threshold on the heat channel of the BGO
bolometer points out the interest of such a novel material, for Dark Matter
research on neutralinos having spin-dependent or spin-independent interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2732 </DOCNO>
Anharmonic Algebraic Model of Thermodynamic Properties of Diatomic


  An algebraic model based on Lie-algebraic techniques is applied to the
analysis of thermodynamic vibrational properties of diatomic molecules. The
local anharmonic effects are described by a Morse-like potential and
corresponding anharmonic bosons associated with the U(2) algebra. A vibrational
high temperature partition function and the related thermodynamic functions are
derived in terms of the parameters of the model. The thermal expansion operator
is defined and obtained using the renormalized frequency of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4970 </DOCNO>
Emergence of a small world from local interactions: Modeling


  How does one make acquaintances? A simple observation from everyday
experience is that often one of our acquaintances introduces us to one of his
acquaintances. Such a simple triangle interaction may be viewed as the basis of
the evolution of many social networks. Here, it is demonstrated that this
assumption is sufficient to reproduce major non-trivial features of social
networks: Short path length, high clustering, and scale-free or exponential
link distributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3351 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Considerations of Electrochemical Phase Formation in a


  Static calculation and preliminary kinetic Monte Carlo simulation studies are
undertaken for the nucleation and growth on a model system which follows a
Frank-van der Merwe mechanism. In the present case, we consider the deposition
of Ag on Au(100) and Au(111) surfaces. The interactions were calculated using
the embedded atom model. The process of formation and growth of 2D Ag
structures on Au(100) and Au(111) is investigated and the influence of surface
steps on this phenomenon is studied. Very different time scales are predicted
for Ag diffusion on Au(100) and Au(111), thus rendering very different regimes
for the nucleation and growth of the related 2D phases. These observations are
drawn from application of a model free of any adjustable parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129160 </DOCNO>
Europium abundances in F and G disk dwarfs


  Europium abundances for 74 F and G dwarf stars of the galactic disk have been
determined from the 4129.7 A Eu II line. The stars were selected from the
sample of Edvardsson et al. (1993) and [Eu/Fe] shows a smaller scatter and a
slightly weaker trend with [Fe/H] than found by Woolf et al. (1995). The data
of the two analyses are homogenized and merged. We also discuss the adopted
effective temperature scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97758 </DOCNO>
A non-reductive N=4 superconformal algebra


  A new N=4 superconformal algebra (SCA) is presented. Its internal affine Lie
algebra is based on the seven-dimensional Lie algebra su(2)\oplus g, where g
should be identified with a four-dimensional non-reductive Lie algebra. Thus,
it is the first known example of what we choose to call a non-reductive SCA. It
contains a total of 16 generators and is obtained by a non-trivial
In\"on\"u-Wigner contraction of the well-known large N=4 SCA. The recently
discovered asymmetric N=4 SCA is a subalgebra of this new SCA. Finally, the
possible affine extensions of the non-reductive Lie algebra g are classified.
The two-form governing the extension appearing in the SCA differs from the
ordinary Cartan-Killing form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125016 </DOCNO>
Optical and X-ray characteristics of a newly discovered narrow-line QSO


  We report the discovery of a narrow-line QSO (NLQSO) RX J1334.2+3759 with a
steep soft X-ray spectrum. Soft X-ray emission from the NLQSO is highly
variable. Changes in the intensity by a factor of about 2 have been detected in
the ROSAT PSPC observations of RX J1334.2+3759 on time scales of 20000-40000s.
Rapid variability events have also been observed from RX J1334.2+3759. The most
extreme variable event has Delta L/Delta t = (1.95+/-1.02)E42 erg/s/s
corresponding to a change in intensity by a factor of about 4 within 400s. The
PSPC spectra of the NLQSO can be well represented by a power-law of photon
index 3.8, modified by an absorbing column local to the source over and above
that due to our own Galaxy. The intrinsic soft X-ray luminosity of RX
J1334.2+3759 is estimated to be 2.2E44 erg/s in the energy band of 0.1-2.0 keV.
The optical spectrum of RX J1334.2+3759 is typical of the NLS1 galaxies showing
strong Balmer Hbeta, Halpha, and forbidden line [O III]5007. Fe II multiplets,
usually present in the optical spectra of NLS1 galaxies, are also detected from
RX J1334.2+3759. Decomposition of the Hbeta and Halpha line profiles shows the
presence of narrow (FWHM = 880 km/s) and broad (FWHM = 2850 km/s) components in
the spectrum of RX J1334.2+3759. The narrow-line region of RX J1334.2+3759
appears to be significantly different from those of normal Seyfert galaxies. A
possible explanation for the observed properties of the narrow line region and
the broad line region is suggested in terms of density enhancements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179146 </DOCNO>
Analytical approximation for the sphere-sphere Coulomb potential


  A simple analytical expression, which closely approximates the Coulomb
potential between two uniformly charged spheres, is presented. This expression
can be used in the optical potential semiclassical analyses which require that
the interaction be analytic on and near the real r-axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83776 </DOCNO>
Using Methods of Declarative Logic Programming for Intelligent


  The search for information on the web is faced with several problems, which
arise on the one hand from the vast number of available sources, and on the
other hand from their heterogeneity. A promising approach is the use of
multi-agent systems of information agents, which cooperatively solve advanced
information-retrieval problems. This requires capabilities to address complex
tasks, such as search and assessment of sources, query planning, information
merging and fusion, dealing with incomplete information, and handling of
inconsistency. In this paper, our interest is in the role which some methods
from the field of declarative logic programming can play in the realization of
reasoning capabilities for information agents. In particular, we are interested
in how they can be used and further developed for the specific needs of this
application domain. We review some existing systems and current projects, which
address information-integration problems. We then focus on declarative
knowledge-representation methods, and review and evaluate approaches from logic
programming and nonmonotonic reasoning for information agents. We discuss
advantages and drawbacks, and point out possible extensions and open issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73266 </DOCNO>
Tau Polarizations in the Three-body Slepton Decays with Stau as the NLSP


  In the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking models with scalar tau as the
next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle, a scalar lepton may decay dominantly
into its superpartner, tau lepton, and the lightest scalar tau particle. We
give detailed formulas for the three-body decay amplitudes and the polarization
asymmetry of the outgoing tau lepton . We find that the tau polarizations are
sensitive to the model parameters such as the stau mixing angle, the neutralino
to slepton mass ratio and the neutralino mixing effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3746 </DOCNO>
Model of a fluid at small and large length scales and the hydrophobic


  We present a statistical field theory to describe large length scale effects
induced by solutes in a cold and otherwise placid liquid. The theory divides
space into a cubic grid of cells. The side length of each cell is of the order
of the bulk correlation length of the bulk liquid. Large length scale states of
the cells are specified with an Ising variable. Finer length scale effects are
described with a Gaussian field, with mean and variance affected by both the
large length scale field and by the constraints imposed by solutes. In the
absence of solutes and corresponding constraints, integration over the Gaussian
field yields an effective lattice gas Hamiltonian for the large length scale
field. In the presence of solutes, the integration adds additional terms to
this Hamiltonian. We identify these terms analytically. They can provoke large
length scale effects, such as the formation of interfaces and depletion layers.
We apply our theory to compute the reversible work to form a bubble in liquid
water, as a function of the bubble radius. Comparison with molecular simulation
results for the same function indicates that the theory is reasonably accurate.
Importantly, simulating the large length scale field involves binary arithmetic
only. It thus provides a computationally convenient scheme to incorporate
explicit solvent dynamics and structure in simulation studies of large
molecular assemblies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124 </DOCNO>
External losses in photoemission from strongly correlated quasi


  New expressions are derived for photoemission, which allow experimental
electron energy loss data to be used for estimating losses in photoemission.
The derivation builds on new results for dielectric response and mean free
paths of strongly correlated systems of two dimensional layers. Numerical
evaluations are made for $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8}$ (Bi2212) by using a
parametrized loss function. The mean free path for Bi2212 is calculated and
found to be substantially larger than obtained by Norman et al in a recent
paper. The photocurrent is expressed as the convolution of the intrinsic
approximation for the current from a specific 2D layer with an effective loss
function. The observed current is the sum of such currents from the first few
layers. The photo electron from a specific $CuO$ layer is found to excite low
energy acoustic plasmon modes due to the coupling between the $CuO$ layers.
These modes give rise to an asymmetric power law broadening of the photo
current an isolated two dimensional layer would have given. We define an
asymmetry index where a contribution from a Luttinger lineshape is additive to
the contribution from our broadening function. Already the loss effect
considered here gives broadening comparable to what is observed experimentally.
A superconductor with a gapped loss function is predicted to have a
peak-dip-hump lineshape similar to what has been observed, and with the same
qualitative behavior as predicted in the recent work by Campuzano et al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148882 </DOCNO>
The deformed conifold as a geometry on the space of unit charge CP^1


  The strong structural similarity between the deformed conifold of Candelas
and de la Ossa (a noncompact Calabi-Yau manifold) and the moduli space of unit
charge CP^1 lumps equipped with its L^2 metric is pointed out. This allows one
to reinterpret certain recent results on D3 branes in terms of lump dynamics,
and to deduce certain curvature properties of the deformed conifold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1157 </DOCNO>
Doping dependence of the resonance peak and incommensuration in


  The doping and frequency evolutions of the incommensurate spin response and
the resonance mode are studied based on the scenario of the Fermi surface
topology. We use the slave-boson mean-field approach to the $t-t^{\prime}-J$
model and including the antiferromagnetic fluctuation correction in the
random-phase approximation. We find that the equality between the
incommensurability and the hole concentration is reproduced at low frequencies
in the underdoped regime. This equality observed in experiments was explained
{\it only} based on the stripe model before. We also obtain the downward
dispersion for the spin response and predict its doping dependence for further
experimental testing, as well as a proportionality between the low-energy
incommensurability and the resonance energy. Our results suggest a common
origin for the incommensuration and the resonance peak based on the Fermi
surface topology and the d-wave symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2790 </DOCNO>
The Happer's puzzle degeneracies and Yangian


  We find operators distinguishing the degenerate states for the Hamiltonian
$H= x(K+{1/2})S_z +{\bf K}\cdot {\bf S}$ at $x=\pm 1$ that was given by Happer
et al$^{[1,2]}$ to interpret the curious degeneracies of the Zeeman effect for
condensed vapor of $^{87}$Rb. The operators obey Yangian commutation relations.
We show that the curious degeneracies seem to verify the Yangian algebraic
structure for quantum tensor space and are consistent with the representation
theory of $Y(sl(2))$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169149 </DOCNO>
A nrcessary and sufficient condition of distillability with fidelity F=1


  It was shown that any entangled mixed state in $2\otimes 2$ systems can be
purified via infinite copies of the mixed state. But can one distill a pure
maximally entangled state from finite copies of a mixed state in any bipartite
system by local operation and classical communication? This is more meaningful
in practical application. We give a necessary and sufficient condition of this
distillability. This condition can be expressed as: there exists
distillable-subspaces. According to this condition, one can judge a distillable
mixed state easily. We also analyze some properties of distillable-subspaces,
and give an example to demonstrate how to find the distillable-subspace.
Finally, we have discussed the most efficient distillation and purification
protocols.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74817 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of HQET at Three Loops


  Three-loop propagator diagrams in HQET can be reduced, using integration by
parts, to 8 basis integrals: 5 trivial ones, two expressible via 3F2, and one
only known up to \epsilon^0. Calculation of the heavy-quark propagator in HQET
is considerably simplified by the non-abelian exponentiation theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149522 </DOCNO>
Cascade of Special Holonomy Manifolds and Heterotic String Theory


  We investigate hetrotic string theory on special holonomy manifolds including
exceptional holonomy G_2 and Spin(7) manifolds. The gauge symmetry is F_4 in a
G_2 manifold compactification, and so(9) in a Spin(7) manifold
compactification. We also study the cascade of the holonomies: so(8) > Spin(7)
> G_2 > su(3) > su(2). The differences of adjoining groups are described by
Ising, tricritical Ising, 3-state Potts and u(1) models. These theories are
essential for spacetime supersymmetries and gauge group enhancements. As
concrete examples, we construct modular invariant partition functions and
analyze their massless spectra for G_2 and Spin(7) orbifolds. We obtain the
relation between topological numbers of the manifolds and multiplicities of
matters in specific representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74039 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model on a D-brane


  We present a consistent string theory model which reproduces the Standard
Model, consisting of a D3-brane at a simple orbifold singularity. We study some
simple features of the phenomenology of the model. We find that the scale of
stringy physics must be in the multi-TeV range. There are natural hierarchies
in the fermion spectrum and there are several possible experimental signatures
of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169402 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy of Electrons Accelerated by a High-Intensity Laser Pulse


  We describe a realistic model for a focused high-intensity laser pulse in
three dimensions. Relativistic dynamics of an electron submitted to such pulse
is described by equations of motion with ponderomotive potential depending on a
single free parameter in the problem, which we refer to as the "asymmetry
parameter". It is shown that the asymmetry parameter can be chosen to provide
quantitative agreement of the developed theory with experimental results of
Malka et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3314 (1997)] who detected angular asymmetry
in the spatial pattern of electrons accelerated in vacuum by a high-intensity
laser pulse.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168022 </DOCNO>
Linear in temperature correction to the Casimir force


  We discuss the temperature correction to the Casimir force between nonideal
metallic bodies which caused disagreement in the literature. A general method
to find the troubling term is proposed that does not require a direct reference
to the Lifshitz formula. The linear in temperature correction is shown to
survive for nonideal metals. It is important for small separations between
bodies tested in the recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149777 </DOCNO>
Chern-Simons in the Seiberg-Witten map for non-commutative Abelian gauge


  A cohomological BRST characterization of the Seiberg-Witten (SW) map is
given. We prove that the coefficients of the SW map can be identified with
elements of the cohomology of the BRST operator modulo a total derivative. As
an example, it will be illustrated how the first coefficients of the SW map can
be written in terms of the Chern-Simons three form. This suggests a deep
topological and geometrical origin of the SW map. The existence of the map for
both Abelian and non-Abelian case is discussed. By using a recursive argument
and the associativity of the $\star$-product, we shall be able to prove that
the Wess-Zumino consistency condition for non-commutative BRST transformations
is fulfilled. The recipe of obtaining an explicit solution by use of the
homotopy operator is briefly reviewed in the Abelian case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 274 </DOCNO>
The Electron Spectral Function in Two-Dimensional Fractionalized Phases


  We study the electron spectral function of various zero-temperature
spin-charge separated phases in two dimensions. In these phases, the electron
is not a fundamental excitation of the system, but rather ``decays'' into a
spin-1/2 chargeless fermion (the spinon) and a spinless charge e boson (the
chargon). Using low-energy effective theories for the spinons (d-wave pairing
plus possible N\'{e}el order), and the chargons (condensed or quantum
disordered bosons), we explore three phases of possible relevance to the
cuprate superconductors: 1) AF*, a fractionalized antiferromagnet where the
spinons are paired into a state with long-ranged N\'{e}el order and the
chargons are 1/2-filled and (Mott) insulating, 2) the nodal liquid, a
fractionalized insulator where the spinons are d-wave paired and the chargons
are uncondensed, and 3) the d-wave superconductor, where the chargons are
condensed and the spinons retain a d-wave gap. Working within the $Z_2$ gauge
theory of such fractionalized phases, our results should be valid at scales
below the vison gap. However, on a phenomenological level, our results should
apply to any spin-charge separated system where the excitations have these
low-energy effective forms. Comparison with ARPES data in the undoped,
pseudogapped, and superconducting regions is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95857 </DOCNO>
The L^2 geometry of spaces of harmonic maps S^2 -> S^2 and RP^2 -> RP^2


  Harmonic maps from S^2 to S^2 are all weakly conformal, and so are
represented by rational maps. This paper presents a study of the L^2 metric
gamma on M_n, the space of degree n harmonic maps S^2 -> S^2, or equivalently,
the space of rational maps of degree n. It is proved that gamma is Kaehler with
respect to a certain natural complex structure on M_n. The case n=1 is
considered in detail: explicit formulae for gamma and its holomorphic
sectional, Ricci and scalar curvatures are obtained, it is shown that the space
has finite volume and diameter and codimension 2 boundary at infinity, and a
certain class of Hamiltonian flows on M_1 is analyzed. It is proved that
\tilde{M}_n, the space of absolute degree n (an odd positive integer) harmonic
maps RP^2 -> RP^2, is a totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifold of M_n, and
that for all n>1, \tilde{M}_n is geodesically incomplete. Possible
generalizations and the relevance of these results to theoretical physics are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125528 </DOCNO>
Collapse of Rotating Magnetized Molecular Cloud Cores and Mass Outflows


  Collapse of the rotating magnetized molecular cloud core is studied with the
axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations. Due to the change of the
equation of state of the interstellar gas, the molecular cloud cores experience
several different phases as collapse proce eds. In the isothermal run-away
collapse ($n \lesssim 10^{10}{\rm H_2 cm}^{-3}$), a pseudo-disk is formed and
it continues to contract till the opaque core is fo rmed at the center. In this
disk, a number of MHD fast and slow shock pairs appear running parallelly to
the disk. After the equation of state becomes hard, an adiabatic core is
formed, which is separated from the isothermal contracting pseudo-disk by the
accretion shock front facing radially outwards. By the effect of the magnetic
tension, the angular momentum is transferred from the disk mid-plane to the
surface. The gas with excess angular momentum near the surface is finally
ejected, which explains the molecular bipolar outflow. Two types of outflows
are observed. When the poloidal magnetic field is strong (magnetic energy is
comparable to the thermal one), a U-shaped outflow is formed in which fast
moving gas is confined to the wall whose shape looks like a capit al letter U.
The other is the turbulent outflow in which magnetic field lines and velocity
fi elds are randomly oriented. In this case, turbulent gas moves out almost
perpendicularly from the disk. The continuous mass accretion leads to the
quasistatic contraction of the first core. A second collapse due to
dissociation of H$_2$ in the first core follows. Finally another quasistatic
core is again formed by atomic hydrogen (the second core). It is found that
another outflow is ejected around the second atomic core, which seems to
correspond to the optical jets or the fast neutral winds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1337 </DOCNO>
Measuring long-range dependence in electricity prices


  The price of electricity is far more volatile than that of other commodities
normally noted for extreme volatility. The possibility of extreme price
movements increases the risk of trading in electricity markets. However,
underlying the process of price returns is a strong mean-reverting mechanism.
We study this feature of electricity returns by means of Hurst R/S analysis,
Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and periodogram regression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75016 </DOCNO>
Precision determination of |V_{ub}| from inclusive decays


  We propose determining |V_{ub}| from inclusive semileptonic B decay using
combined cuts on the leptonic and hadronic invariant masses to eliminate the
b->c background. Compared to a pure dilepton invariant mass cut, the
uncertainty from unknown order (\Lambda_{QCD}/m_b)^3 terms in the OPE is
significantly reduced and the fraction of b->u events is roughly doubled.
Compared to a pure hadronic invariant mass cut, the uncertainty from the
unknown light-cone distribution function of the b quark is significantly
reduced. We find that |V_{ub}| can be determined with theoretical uncertainty
at the 5-10% level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114113 </DOCNO>
Spontaneous and stimulated undulator radiation by an ultra-relativistic


  We discuss the radiation generated by positrons channeling in a crystalline
undulator. The undulator is produced by periodically bending a single crystal
with an amplitude much larger than the interplanar spacing. Different
approaches for bending the crystal are described and the restrictions on the
parameters of the bending are discussed. We also present numeric calculations
of the spontaneous emitted radiation and estimate the conditions for stimulated
emission. Our investigations show that the proposed mechanism could be an
interesting source for high energy photons and is worth to be studied
experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124515 </DOCNO>
First Results from the 2dF QSO redshift survey


  We present some initial results from the 2dF QSO redshift survey. The aim of
the survey is to produce an optically-selected catalogue of 25000 QSOs over the
redshift range 0<z<3 using the 2-degree field at the Anglo-Australian
Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179431 </DOCNO>
Evidence for partial chiral symmetry restoration from pionic atoms


  Extensive data on strong interaction effects in pionic atoms are analyzed
with a density-dependent isovector scattering amplitude suggested recently by
Weise to result from a density dependence of the pion decay constant. Most of
the so-called `missing s-wave repulsion' is removed when adopting this
approach, thus indicating a partial chiral symmetry restoration in dense
matter. The resulting potentials describe quite well also elastic scattering of
20 MeV pions on Ca. Further tests with elastic scattering are desirable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97173 </DOCNO>
Transformations of Grassmannians and automorphisms of linear groups


  We consider transformations preserving certain linear structure in
Grassmannians and give some generalization of the Fundamental Theorem of
Projective Geometry and the Chow Theorem [Ch]. It will be exploited to study
linear $(k,n-k)$-involutions, $1<k<n-1$. The analogy of the well-known J.
Dieudonn\'{e} and C. E. Rickart result will be obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123927 </DOCNO>
The Large-Scale Tidal Velocity Field


  We present a method for decomposing the cosmological velocity field in a
given volume into its divergent component due to the density fluctuations
inside the volume, and its tidal component due to the matter distribution
outside the volume. The input consists of the density and velocity fields that
are reconstructed either by POTENT or by Wiener Filter from a survey of
peculiar velocities. The tidal field is further decomposed into a bulk velocity
and a shear field. The method is applied here to the Mark III data within a
sphere of radius 60 Mpc/h about the Local Group, and to the SFI data for
comparison. We find that the tidal field contributes about half of the
Local-Group velocity with respect to the CMB, with the tidal bulk velocity
pointing to within ~ 30 degrees of the CMB dipole. The eigenvector with the
largest eigenvalue of the shear tensor is aligned with the tidal bulk velocity
to within ~ 40 degrees. The tidal field thus indicates the important dynamical
role of a super attractor of mass (2-5) x 10^17 M_sun/h Omega^0.4 at ~ 150
Mpc/h, coinciding with the Shapley Concentration. There is also a hint for the
dynamical role of two big voids in the Supergalactic Plane. The results are
consistent for the two data sets and the two methods of reconstruction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149748 </DOCNO>
Maxwell's Theory on Non-Commutative Spaces and Quaternions


  The Maxwell theory on non-commutative spaces has been considered. The
non-linear equations of electromagnetic fields on non-commutative spaces were
obtained in the compact spin-tensor (quaternion) form. It was shown that the
plane electromagnetic wave is the solution of the system of non-linear wave
equations of the second order for the electric and magnetic induction fields.
We have found the canonical and symmetrical energy-momentum tensors and their
non-zero traces. So, the trace anomaly of the energy-momentum tensor was
obtained in electrodynamics on non-commutative spaces. It was noted that the
dual transformations of electromagnetic fields on non-commutative spaces are
broken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114345 </DOCNO>
The SNS Run Permit System


  The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source
being built in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, by the U.S. Department of Energy.
The SNS will provide the most intense pulsed neutron beams in the world for
scientific research and industrial development. The facility is scheduled for
completion in 2006. The project is a collaboration between Lawrence Berkeley
National Lab, Argonne National Lab, Los Alamos National Lab, Oak Ridge National
Lab, Brookhaven National Lab, and Jefferson Lab. The Run Permit System (RPS) is
a software based system which has several key functions critical for safe
operation of the machine. It coordinates machine mode and beam parameter
changes with the timing system, verifies the Machine Protection System (MPS)
hardware configuration, and provides an interface for masking MPS hardware
inputs when necessary. This paper will describe the primary functionality of
the Run Permit System and the interface between the Run Permit System, the
Machine Protection System, and the timing system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96526 </DOCNO>
A Necessary Condition for existence of Lie Symmetries in


  Lie symmetries for ordinary differential equations are studied. In systems of
ordinary differential equations, there do not always exist non-trivial Lie
symmetries around equilibrium points. We present a necessary condition for
existence of Lie symmetries analytic in the neighbourhood of an equilibrium
point. In addition, this result can be applied to a necessary condition for
existence of a Lie symmetry in quasihomogeneous systems of ordinary
differential equations. With the help of our main theorem, it is proved that
several systems do not possess any analytic Lie symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123568 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the High Energy Continuum of Seyfert galaxies from RXTE


  We report on some results from a three-year program of RXTE observations of 4
Seyfert galaxies: NGC 4051, NGC 5548, MCG-6-30-15 and NGC 5506. We focus here
on color-color and color-flux diagrams obtained using the count-rates of the
PCA instrument in different energy ranges: 3--5, 5--7 and 7--10 keV. The data
of the different sources show interesting trends in the different color-color
and color-flux planes. These trends are quite similar from one source to the
other, even in the case of the narrow line Seyfert 1 NGC 4051 which exhibits
strong flux and spectral variability. We discuss these results in term of a
simple spectral model: a power law with high energy cut-off + reflection + Iron
line, with the scope of understanding the relations between the observed
variations of different components and the physical causes of the variability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168474 </DOCNO>
Finding a state in a haystack


  We consider the problem to single out a particular state among $2^n$
orthogonal pure states. As it turns out, in general the optimal strategy is not
to measure the particles separately, but to consider joint properties of the
$n$-particle system. The required number of propositions is $n$. There exist
$2^n!$ equivalent operational procedures to do so. We enumerate some
configurations for three particles, in particular the
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)- and W-states, which are specific cases of a
unitary transformation For the GHZ-case, an explicit physical meaning of the
projection operators is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1736 </DOCNO>
Electronic states and optical properties of GaAs/AlAs and GaAs/vacuum


  The linear combination of bulk bands method recently introduced by Wang,
Franceschetti and Zunger [Phys. Rev. Lett.78, 2819 (1997)] is applied to a
calculation of energy bands and optical constants of (GaAs)$_n$/(AlAs)$_n$ and
(GaAs)$_n$/(vacuum)$_n$ (001) superlattices with n ranging from 4 to 20.
Empirical pseudopotentials are used for the calculation of the bulk energy
bands. Quantum-confined induced shifts of critical point energies are
calculated and are found to be larger for the GaAs/vacuum system. The $E_1$
peak in the absorption spectra has a blue shift and splits into two peaks for
decreasing superlattice period; the $E_2$ transition instead is found to be
split for large-period GaAs/AlAs superlattices. The band contribution to linear
birefringence of GaAs/AlAs superlattices is calculated and compared with recent
experimental results of Sirenko et al. [Phys. Rev. B 60, 8253 (1999)]. The
frequency-dependent part reproduces the observed increase with decreasing
superlattice period, while the calculated zero-frequency birefringence does not
account for the experimental results and points to the importance of
local-field effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1372 </DOCNO>
From DEM simulations towards a continuum theory of granular matter


  One essential question in material sciences is how to bridge the gap between
the microscopic picture and a macroscopic description. The former involves
contact forces and deformations, whereas the latter concerns tensorial
quantities like the stress or the velocity gradient. A two-dimensional
shear-cell filled with disks of different sizes is examined by means of a
``microscopic'' discrete element method (DEM). Applying a consistent averaging
formalism, one can obtain scalar- and vector-fields as well as classical
tensorial macroscopic quantities like fabric, stress or velocity gradient and,
in addition, micropolar quantities like curvature or couple-stress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123777 </DOCNO>
Neutron-Capture Element Trends in the Halo


  In a brief review of abundances neutron-capture elements (Z > ~30) in
metal-poor halo stars, attention is called to their star-to-star scatter, the
dominance of r-process synthesis at lowest metallicities, the puzzle of the
lighter members of this element group, and the possibility of a better
r-/s-process discriminant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72449 </DOCNO>
Loaded Dice in Monte Carlo: importance sampling in phase space


  Discrepancies play an important role in the study of uniformity properties of
point sets. Their probability distributions are a help in the analysis of the
efficiency of the Quasi Monte Carlo method of numerical integration, which uses
point sets that are distributed more uniformly than sets of independently
uniformly distributed random points. In this thesis, generating functions of
probability distributions of quadratic discrepancies are calculated using
techniques borrowed from quantum field theory.
   The second part of this manuscript deals with the application of the Monte
Carlo method to phase space integration, and in particular with an explicit
example of importance sampling. It concerns the integration of differential
cross sections of multi-parton QCD-processes, which contain the so-called
kinematical antenna pole structures. The algorithm is presented and compared
with RAMBO, showing a substantial reduction in computing time.
   In behalf of completeness of the thesis, short introductions to probability
theory, Feynman diagrams and the Monte Carlo method of numerical integration
are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179270 </DOCNO>
Saturation of Elliptic Flow and the Transport Opacity of the Gluon


  Differential elliptic flow and particle spectra are calculated taking into
account the finite transport opacity of the gluon plasma produced in Au+Au at
Ecm ~ 130 A GeV at RHIC. Covariant numerical solutions of the ultrarelativistic
Boltzmann equation are obtained using the MPC parton cascade technique. For
typical pQCD (~3 mb) elastic cross sections, extreme initial gluon densities,
dN/deta ~ 15000, are required to reproduce the elliptic flow saturation pattern
reported by STAR. However, we show that the solutions depend mainly on the
transport opacity, $\chi=\int dz \sigma_t\rho_g$, and thus the data can also be
reproduced with dN/deta ~ 1000, but with extreme elastic parton cross sections,
\~45 mb. We demonstrate that the spectra and elliptic flow are dominated by
numerical artifacts unless parton subdivisions ~100-1000 are applied to retain
Lorentz covariance for RHIC initial conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6304 </DOCNO>
Energy radiation of moving cracks


  The energy radiated by moving cracks in a discrete background is analyzed.
The energy flow through a given surface is expressed in terms of a generalized
Poynting vector. The velocity of the crack is determined by the radiation by
the crack tip. The radiation becomes more isotropic as the crack velocity
approaches the instability threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126036 </DOCNO>
Time dependent photoionization opacities in dense Gamma-Ray Burst


  The recent detection of a transient absorption feature in the X-ray prompt
emission of GRB 990705 showed the importance of such observations in the
understanding of gamma-ray bursts and their progenitors. We investigate the
time dependence of photoionization edges during the prompt emission of bursts
in different environments. We show that their variability can be used to infer
the density and geometry of the surrounding medium, giving important clues to
unveil the nature of the burst progenitor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72795 </DOCNO>
A class of kinks in SU(N)\times Z_2


  In a classical, quartic field theory with $SU(N) \times Z_2$ symmetry, a
class of kink solutions can be found analytically for one special choice of
parameters. We construct these solutions and determine their energies. In the
limit $N\to \infty$, the energy of the kink is equal to that of a kink in a
$Z_2$ model with the same mass parameter and quartic coupling (coefficient of
${\rm Tr}(\Phi^4)$). We prove the stability of the solutions to small
perturbations but global stability remains unproven. We then argue that the
continuum of choices for the boundary conditions leads to a whole space of kink
solutions. The kinks in this space occur in classes that are determined by the
chosen boundary conditions. Each class is described by the coset space $H/I$
where $H$ is the unbroken symmetry group and $I$ is the symmetry group that
leaves the kink solution invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72710 </DOCNO>
How Can a Heavy Higgs Boson be Consistent with the Precision Electroweak


  The fit of precision electroweak data to the Minimal Standard Model currently
gives an upper limit on the Higgs boson mass of 170 GeV at 95% confidence.
Nevertheless, it is often said that the Higgs boson could be much heavier in
more general models. In this paper, we critically review models that have been
proposed in the literature that allow a heavy Higgs boson consistent with the
precision electroweak constraints. All have unusual features, and all can be
distinguished from the Minimal Standard Model either by improved precision
measurements or by other signatures accessible to next-generation colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2106 </DOCNO>
Screening of long-range Coulomb interactions in the quasi


  By combining fermion Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations with diagrammatic
theory, we have calculated the dielectric screening and the screened potential,
in a quasi 2D Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors with and without 1/r
Coulomb potential. At half filling, we find that the Hubbard electrons
contribute only a minor fraction, Delta(epsilon) ~0.9 of the observed in-plane
dielectric constant of the cuprates, epsilon ~4.7. With increasing doping x,
the 1/r interaction is rapidly suppressed by metallic screening. Surprisingly,
near x ~5%, the low-frequency part of the screened potential V_S becomes
attractive, at distances r \ge 1. At r=1, it reaches maximum attraction
strength for dopings x ~13-15% and becomes repulsive again for for x ~23-25%.
Similar results are found for the pure 2D Hubbard model. The 1/r interaction
enhances the on-site and 1st neighbor overscreening attraction already present
in the pure model at finite doping. Our results are potentially relevant for
the d-wave pairing mechanism in the cuprates, suggesting that the screened 1/r
potential could actually increase the d-wave attraction, in the 5-25% doping
regime. They may also have implications for the isotope effect and its doping
dependence. At larger dopings, x>15%, the screened potential becomes attractive
even on-site, suggesting that it could support or enhance s-wave pairing. We
also give a rigorous analytical proof that the screened on-site interaction
must become attractive near half-filling in the repulsive large-U-limit, with
and without 1/r interaction. We present a simple physical interpretation of
this result in terms of retardation effects. We also point out that on-site
overscreening implies singularities in the imaginary frequency dependence of
the irreducible polarization insertion and its 3-point vertex function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123880 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Associations within the Coma Cluster


  The mean redshift of the core of the Coma cluster - cz = 6953 km s^{-1} and
its dispersion \sigma=949 km s^{-1} are obtained by means of the analysis of
the substructures of this cluster by using the S-tree method. The existence of
three subgroups of galaxies is revealed, one of them is associated with the cD
galaxy NGC 4874, the other -- with NGC 4889. It is argued that these subgroups
are {\it galaxy associations}, i.e. galactic dynamical entities moving within
the main cluster. Thus we conclude that the non-stationarity of the dynamical
processes ongoing in the Coma core is due to the merging of small-scale galaxy
associations, rather than of two equal sized clusters. We provide the lists of
the galaxies of the associations, the observational study of which can be of
particular interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7457 </DOCNO>
Topological jamming of extended structures and the glass transition


  We propose a new scenario for glassy dynamics in frustrated systems with no
quenched-in randomness, based on jamming of extended dynamical structures near
a critical point. This route to a glassy state is demonstrated in a lattice
model of fluctuating lines. Numerical simulations of the model show
non-exponential relaxations and diverging energy barriers in the vicinity of a
thermodynamic phase transition. A master equation for the coarse grained
dynamics is constructed. It shows how topological jamming leads to the observed
glassy dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114012 </DOCNO>
Recent Conceptual Consequences of Loop Quantum Gravity. Part II:


  Based on the foundational aspects which have been discussed as consequences
of ongoing research on loop quantum gravity in the first part of this paper,
the holistic aspects of the latter are discussed in this second part, aiming at
a consistent and systematic approach to eventually model a hierarchically
ordered architecture of the world which is encompassing all of what there
actually is. The idea is to clarify the explicit relationship between physics
and philosophy on the one hand, and philosophy and the sciences in general, on
the other. It is shown that the ontological determination of worldliness is
practically identical with its epistemological determination so that the
(scientific) activity of modelling and representing the world can be visualized
itself as a (worldly) mode of being.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148208 </DOCNO>
Fractional Branes on a Non-compact Orbifold


  Fractional branes on the non-compact orbifold $\C^3/\Z_5$ are studied. First,
the boundary state description of the fractional branes are obtained. The
open-string Witten index calculated using these states reproduces the adjacency
matrix of the quiver of $\Z_5$. Then, using the toric crepant resolution of the
orbifold $\C^3/\Z_5$ and invoking the local mirror principle, B-type branes
wrapped on the holomorphic cycles of the resolution are studied. The boundary
states corresponding to the five fractional branes are identified as bound
states of BPS D-branes wrapping the 0-, 2- and 4-cycles in the exceptional
divisor of the resolution of $\C^3/\Z_5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81269 </DOCNO>
A Simulation of the 't Hooft Model at finite N_c with the Overlap Dirac


  We present some results of a numerical investigation of the 't Hooft model
with 2,3 and 4 colors, regularized on the lattice with overlap fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4567 </DOCNO>
$\Pi$ \`{a} la node: disordered d-wave superconductors in two dimensions


  We review work on the problem of disorder in the 2D d-wave superconducting
state, and show that the symmetries of the normal state and the disorder
distribution are vital for understanding the low-energy behavior. Most previous
theoretical results for the density of states (DOS) are reconciled by a
combination of exact numerical solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations
and weak localization calculations, which suggest that a novel diffusive mode
with momentum $(\pi ,\pi)$ is responsible for a divergence of the DOS in the
globally particle-hole symmetric case. We note briefly that the simple problem
of a disordered tight-binding band of normal electrons displays some similar
effects, which have been overlooked in the literature. Finally, in the
physically realistic case of binary alloy disorder, no particle-hole symmetry,
and an order parameter which is supressed around each impurity site, a power
law with nonuniversal exponent is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 496 </DOCNO>
Theory of coherent acoustic phonons in InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells


  A microscopic theory for the generation and propagation of coherent LA
phonons in pseudomorphically strained wurzite (0001) InGaN/GaN multi-quantum
well (MQW) p-i-n diodes is presented. The generation of coherent LA phonons is
driven by photoexcitation of electron-hole pairs by an ultrafast Gaussian pump
laser and is treated theoretically using the density matrix formalism. We use
realistic wurzite bandstructures taking valence-band mixing and strain-induced
piezo- electric fields into account. In addition, the many-body Coulomb
ineraction is treated in the screened time-dependent Hartree-Fock
approximation. We find that under typical experimental conditions, our
microscopic theory can be simplified and mapped onto a loaded string problem
which can be easily solved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123968 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a High-Energy Gamma-Ray-Emitting Persistent Microquasar


  Microquasars are stellar x-ray binaries that behave as a scaled down version
of extragalactic quasars. The star LS 5039 is a new microquasar system with
apparent persistent ejection of relativistic plasma at a 3 kiloparsec distance
from the sun. It may also be associated with a gamma-ray source discovered by
the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on board the COMPTON-Gamma
Ray Observatory satellite. Before the discovery of LS 5039, merely a handful of
microquasars had been identified in the Galaxy, and none of them was detected
in high-energy gamma-rays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168903 </DOCNO>
Quantum algorithm for finding periodicities in the spectrum of a


  Estimating the eigenvalues of a unitary transformation U by standard phase
estimation requires the implementation of controlled-U-gates which are not
available if U is only given as a black box.
  We show that a simple trick allows to measure eigenvalues of U\otimes
U^\dagger even in this case. Running the algorithm several times allows
therefore to estimate the autocorrelation function of the density of
eigenstates of U. This can be applied to find periodicities in the energy
spectrum of a quantum system with unknown Hamiltonian if it can be coupled to a
quantum computer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6238 </DOCNO>
Transport, magnetic, thermodynamic and optical properties in Ti-doped


  We report on electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and
magnetization, on heat capacity and optical experiments in single crystals of
Sr_2Ru_(1-x)Ti_xO_4. Samples with x=0.1 and 0.2 reveal purely semiconducting
resistivity behavior along c and the charge transport is close to localization
within the ab-plane. A strong anisotropy in the magnetic susceptibility appears
at temperatures below 100 K. Moreover magnetic ordering in c-direction with a
moment of order 0.01 mu_B/f.u. occurs at low temperatures. On doping the
low-temperature linear term of the heat capacity becomes reduced significantly
and probably is dominated by spin fluctuations. Finally, the optical
conductivity reveals the anisotropic character of the dc resistance, with the
in-plane conductance roughly following a Drude-type behavior and an insulating
response along c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75524 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic scaling from the dynamics of relativistic quantum field


  Hydrodynamic behavior is a general feature of interacting systems with many
degrees of freedom constrained by conservation laws. To date hydrodynamic
scaling in relativistic quantum systems has been observed in many high energy
settings, from cosmic ray detections to accelerators, with large particle
multiplicity final states. Here we show first evidence for the emergence of
hydrodynamic scaling in the dynamics of a relativistic quantum field theory. We
consider a simple scalar $\lambda \phi^4$ model in 1+1 dimensions in the
Hartree approximation and study the dynamics of two colliding kinks at
relativistic speeds as well as the decay of a localized high energy density
region. The evolution of the energy-momentum tensor determines the dynamical
local equation of state and allows the measurement of the speed of sound.
Hydrodynamic scaling emerges at high local energy densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2404 </DOCNO>
Oscillating sign of drag in high Landau levels


  Motivated by experiments, we study the sign of the Coulomb drag voltage in a
double layer system in a strong magnetic field. We show that the commonly used
Fermi Golden Rule approach implicitly assumes a linear dependence of
intra-layer conductivity on density, and is thus inadequate in strong magnetic
fields. Going beyond this approach, we show that the drag voltage commonly
changes sign with density difference between the layers. We predict that in the
Quantum Hall regime the Hall and longitudinal drag resistivities are
comparable. Our results are also relevant for pumping and acoustoelectric
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74025 </DOCNO>
Gluino-squark contributions to CP violations in the kaon system


  Recently it was shown, within the mass insertion approximation (MIA), that
the gluino mediated flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) interactions can
saturate both epsilon_K and Re(epsilon'/epsilon_K) even for the real
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix through a single CP violating parameter
(delta^d_12)_LL. In this work, we extend our previous analysis to the
nonvanishing KM phase, and to the effective SUSY model where the MIA is no
longer a good approximation. In our model, epsilon_K and B0 - B0 bar mixing can
receive significant SUSY contributions. Therefore the usual constraints on rho
and eta in the Wolfenstein parametrization of the CKM matrix can be relaxed
except for the |V_ub/V_cb| from the semileptonic b -> u transition. This
affects K -> pi nu nu bar and K_L -> mu+ mu- indirectly, even if they are not
directly induced by gluino-mediated FCNC, while K_L -> pi0 e+ e- is influenced
both directly and indirectly. Differences between our model and other SUSY
models enhancing Re(epsilon'/epsilon_K) are discussed in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72562 </DOCNO>
Heavy Quark Production at High Energy


  We report on QCD radiative corrections to heavy quark production valid at
high energy. The formulae presented will allow a matched calculation of the
total cross section which is correct at $O(\as^3)$ and includes resummation of
all terms of order $\as^3 [\as \ln (s/m^2)]^n$. We also include asymptotic
estimates of the effect of the high energy resummation. A complete description
of the calculation of the heavy quark impact factor is included in an appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3888 </DOCNO>
Photoemission view of electron fractionalization in quasi-one


  We report Luttinger liquid line shapes better revealed by new angle resolved
photoemission data taken with a much improved angle resolution on a
quasi-1-dimensional metal Li$_{0.9}$Mo$_6$O$_{17}$. The new data indicate a
larger spinon velocity than our previous lower resolution data indicated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75098 </DOCNO>
The Anthropic Principle Revisited


  The usage of the anthropic principle in modern cosmology is reviewed. It is
argued that its recent use to explain the observedvalues of cosmological
parameters as most probable values for an ensemble of universes, is not
justified. However, the anthropic principle can be invoked to argue that a vast
number of universes must exist, in which the cosmological parameters and
constants of nature take on different values. This argument lends support to
the hypothesis of eternal inflation and suggests that at least some of the
parameters of the Standard Model cannot be quantitatively derived from an
underlying theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76474 </DOCNO>
Color Superconductivity at Moderate Density


  The effect of color breaking on colored quarks' chiral condensates has been
investigated at zero temperature and moderate baryon density. It is found that
the influence of the diquark condensate on different colored quarks is very
small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74506 </DOCNO>
Calculating exclusion limits for Weakly Interacting Massive Particle


  Competitive limits on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)
spin-independent scattering cross section are currently being produced by 76Ge
detectors originally designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay,
such as the Heidelberg-Moscow and IGEX experiments. In the absence of
background subtraction, limits on the WIMP interaction cross section are set by
calculating the upper confidence limit on the theoretical event rate, given the
observed event rate. The standard analysis technique involves calculating the
90% upper confidence limit on the number of events in each bin, and excluding
any set of parameters (WIMP mass and cross-section) which produces a
theoretical event rate for any bin which exceeds the 90% upper confidence limit
on the event rate for that bin. We show that, if there is more than one energy
bin, this produces exclusion limits that are actually at a lower degree of
confidence than 90%, and are hence erroneously tight. We formulate criteria
which produce true 90% confidence exclusion limits in these circumstances,
including calculating the individual bin confidence limit for which the overall
probability that no bins exceeds this confidence limit is 90% and calculating
the 90% minimum confidence limit on the number of bins which exceed their
individual bin 90% confidence limits. We then compare the limits on the WIMP
cross-section produced by these criteria with those found using the standard
technique, using data from the Heidelberg-Moscow and IGEX experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179064 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of kaonic atoms and other strange hadronic atoms


  Recent optical-potential studies of the phenomenology of kaonic atoms are
reviewed. It is shown that the data can be fitted by a complex optical
potential with either a relatively shallow attractive component (about -50 MeV
at nuclear-matter density), as suggested by a self consistent application of
chirally motivated coupled-channels models, or a relatively deep attractive
component (about -180 MeV at nuclear-matter density) as suggested by a
mean-field extrapolation of a phenomenological low-density expansion. Both
classes of these optical potentials, due to their strongly absorptive
component, predict similarly structured relatively narrow `deeply bound'
kaonic-atom states with widths saturating at about 2 MeV. Possible formation
reactions are briefly discussed. The more speculative case for relatively
narrow deeply bound kaonic nuclear states is briefly mentioned. Recent works on
other strange hadronic atom systems, for the negatively charged Sigma and
Cascade hyperons, are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169232 </DOCNO>
A Note on Linear Optics Gates by Post-Selection


  Recently it was realized that linear optics and photo-detectors with feedback
can be used for theoretically efficient quantum information processing. The
first of three steps toward efficient linear optics quantum computation (eLOQC)
was to design a simple non-deterministic gate, which upon post-selection based
on a measurement result implements a non-linear phase shift on one mode. Here a
computational strategy is given for finding non-deterministic gates for bosonic
qubits with helper photons. A more efficient conditional sign flip gate is
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74384 </DOCNO>
Scalar and pseudoscalar meson pole terms in the hadronic light-by-light


  Third QED order hadronic light-by-light (LBL) contributions $a_\mu^{LBL}(M)$
to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon $a_\mu^{had}$ from the pole terms
of scalar $\sigma$, $a_0(980)$ and pseudoscalar $\pi^0$, $\eta$, $\eta '$
mesons (M) in the framework of the linearized extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
are evaluated. The off-shell structure of the photon-photon-meson vertices is
taken into account by means of constituent quark triangle loops. The mass of
the quark is taken to be $m_u=m_d=m_q=(280 \pm 20)$ MeV. The unknown strong
coupling constants of $\pi^0, \eta, \eta '$ and $a_0$ mesons with quarks are
evaluated in a comparison of the corresponding theoretical two-photon widths
calculated in the framework of our approach with experimental ones. The
$\sigma$-meson coupling constant is taken to be equal to $\pi_0$-meson coupling
constant as it follows from the linearized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model Lagrangian.
Then one obtains $a_\mu^{LBL}(\pi_0)$=$(81.83 \pm 16.50) \times 10^{-11}$,
$a_\mu^{LBL}(\eta)$=$(5.62 \pm 1.25) \times 10^{-11}$, $a_\mu^{LBL}(\eta
')$=$(8.00 \pm 1.74) \times 10^{-11}$, $a_\mu^{LBL}(\sigma)$=$(11.67 \pm 2.38)
\times 10^{-11}$ and $a_\mu^{LBL}(a_0)$=$(0.62 \pm 0.24) \times 10^{-11}$. The
total contribution of meson poles in LBL is $a_\mu^{LBL}(M)$=$(107.74 \pm
16.81) \times 10^{-11}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127514 </DOCNO>
Redshifts for 2410 Galaxies in the Century Survey Region


  The `Century Survey' strip covers 102 square degrees within the limits 8.5h
\leq \alpha_{1950} \leq 16.5h, 29.0 degrees \leq \delta_{1950} \leq 30.0
degrees. The strip passes through the Corona Borealis supercluster and the
outer region of the Coma cluster.
  Within the Century Survey region, we have measured 2410 redshifts which
constitute four overlapping complete redshift surveys: (1) 1728 galaxies with
Kron-Cousins R_{phot} \leq 16.13 covering the entire strip, (2) 507 galaxies
with R_{phot} \leq 16.4 in the right ascension range 8h 32m \leq \alpha_{1950}
\leq 10h 45m, (3) 1251 galaxies with absorption- and K-corrected R_{CCD, corr}
\leq 16.2 covering the right ascension range 8.5h \leq \alpha_{1950} \leq 13.5h
and (4) 1255 galaxies with absorption- and K-corrected V_{CCD, corr} \leq 16.7
also covering the right ascension range 8.5h \leq \alpha_{1950} \leq 13.5h. All
of these redshift samples are more than 98 % complete to the specified
magnitude limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98658 </DOCNO>
Vanishing Viscosity Solutions of Nonlinear Hyperbolic Systems


  We consider the Cauchy problem for a strictly hyperbolic, $n\times n$ system
in one space dimension: $u_t+A(u)u_x=0$, assuming that the initial data has
small total variation.
  We show that the solutions of the viscous approximations $u_t+A(u)u_x=\ve
u_{xx}$ are defined globally in time and satisfy uniform BV estimates,
independent of $\ve$. Moreover, they depend continuously on the initial data in
the $\L^1$ distance, with a Lipschitz constant independent of $t,\ve$. Letting
$\ve\to 0$, these viscous solutions converge to a unique limit, depending
Lipschitz continuously on the initial data. In the conservative case where
$A=Df$ is the Jacobian of some flux function $f:\R^n\mapsto\R^n$, the vanishing
viscosity limits are precisely the unique entropy weak solutions to the system
of conservation laws $u_t+f(u)_x=0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127639 </DOCNO>
Stability of the Forward/Reverse Shock System Formed by the Impact of a


  We analyze the stability of a relativistic double (forward/reverse) shock
system which forms when the fireball of a Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) impacts on the
surrounding medium. We find this shock system to be stable to linear global
perturbations for either a uniform or a wind (r^{-2}) density profile of the
ambient medium. For the wind case, we calculate analytically the frequencies of
the normal modes which could modulate the early short-term variability of GRB
afterglows. We find that perturbations in the double shock system could induce
oscillatory fluctuations in the observed flux on short (down to seconds) time
scales during the early phase of an afterglow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179297 </DOCNO>
Halo Structure Of C-19 Via The (p,d) Reaction


  We have investigated the heaviest one-neutron halo candidate C-19 nucleus.
Few-body model calculations of cross section angular distributions for the
C-19(p,d)C-18 reaction, together with the test calculations carried out for the
C-17(p,d)C-16 reaction, at a low incident energy are presented for different
possible halo-neutron configurations. We show that there is a clear distinction
between in particular $\ell_{n}=0$ and $\ell_{n}=2$ halo transfers. The
sensitivity of the cross sections to the assumed C-19 single neutron separation
energy is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4117 </DOCNO>
Raman Response in Antiferromagnetic Two-Leg S=1/2 Heisenberg Ladders


  The Raman response in the antiferromagnetic 2-leg S=1/2 Heisenberg ladder is
calculated for various couplings by continuous unitary transformations. For leg
couplings above 80% of the rung coupling a characteristic 2-peak structure
occurs with a point of zero intensity within the continuum. Experimental data
for CaV_2O_5 and La_yCa_(14-y)Cu_24O_41 are analyzed and the coupling constants
are determined. Evidence is found that the Heisenberg model is not sufficient
to describe cuprate ladders. We argue that a cyclic exchange term is the
appropriate extension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3478 </DOCNO>
Local field dynamics in symmetric Q-Ising neural networks


  The time evolution of the local field in symmetric Q-Ising neural networks is
studied for arbitrary Q. In particular, the structure of the noise and the
appearance of gaps in the probability distribution are discussed. Results are
presented for several values of Q and compared with numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126109 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Dusty Disks in Nearby Young Stellar Groups


  Given their proximity and age differences, nearby groups of young stars are
valuable laboratories for investigations of disk evolution and diversity. The
estimated 10-Myr age of groups like the TW Hydrae Association provides a strong
constraint on disk evolution timescales and fills a significant gap in the age
sequence between 1-Myr-old T Tauri stars in molecular clouds and 50-Myr-old
nearby open clusters. I review the results of recent and on-going studies of
dusty disks in three nearby groups --TW Hya, $\eta$ Cha and MBM 12-- that
suggest rapid evolution of inner disks. However, it is unlikely that there is a
universal evolutionary timescale for protoplanetary disks, especially when the
influence of companion stars is taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3190 </DOCNO>
Improved Schwinger-boson calculation for a frustrated antiferromagnet


  The application of the Schwinger-boson transformation to quantum Heisenberg
magnets is briefly reviewed, beginning with the derivation of a rotationally
invariant mean-field theory. The inclusion of Gaussian fluctuations is
discussed in some detail for a general (non-Bravais) lattice, extending
available results for simple lattices. Numerical results are presented for the
ground-state energy of the Shastry-Sutherland model, and possible future
refinements of the method are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113706 </DOCNO>
About Lie group of the electron magnetohydrodynamics with effect of


  The Lie group of symmetry of the one-dimensional differential equation of
electron magnetohydrodynamics with effect of electron inertia and finite
conducting is found. It's indicated that this group is group of shift of
independent variables and non single-valuety of a potential. Therefore thee no
automodel solution except for running vawes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99217 </DOCNO>
Motivic DGA:I


  The main goal of the paper is to associate to each smooth quasi-projective
scheme over any field an E-infinity differential graded algebra whose
cohomology groups are the higher Chow groups of the scheme. Several
applications, including the definition of motivic cohomology operations (in
motivic cohomology with finite coefficients) are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76607 </DOCNO>
Chiral Properties of Quenched and Full QCD


  We extend a technique for the chiral extrapolation of hadron masses
calculated with dynamical fermions to those generated by quenched simulations.
The method ensures the correct leading and next-to-leading non-analytic
behaviour for either QCD or quenched QCD in the chiral limit, as well as the
correct large quark mass behaviour. We find that the primary difference between
quenched and dynamical baryon masses can be described by the meson loops which
give rise to the different leading and next-to-leading non-analytic behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6640 </DOCNO>
The longitudinal dynamic correlation and dynamic susceptibility of the


  The dynamic susceptibility $\chi_{Q}^{zz}(\omega)$ of the isotropic XY-model
(s=1/2) on the alternating superlattice (closed chain) in a transverse field
$h$ is obtained exactly at arbitrary temperatures. It is determined from the
results obtained for the dynamic correlations $<S_{jn}^{z}(t)S_{lm}^{z}(0)>$,
which have been calculated by introducing the generalized Jordan-Wigner
transformation, by using Wick's theorem and by reducing the problem to a
diagonalization of a finite matrix. The static properties are also reobtained
within this new formalism and all exact results are determined for arbitrary
temperatures. Explicit results are obtained numerically in the limit T=0, where
the critical behaviour occurs. A detailed analysis is presented for the
behaviour of the static susceptibility $\chi_{Q}^{zz}(0)$, as a function of the
transverse field h, and for the frequency dependency of the dynamic
susceptibility $\chi_{Q}^{zz}(\omega)$. It is also shown, in this temperature
limit, that within the magnetization plateaus which correspond to the different
phases, even when the induced magnetization is not saturated, the effective
dynamic correlation, $<\sum\limits_{n;m\in
cell:\text{}j;l}S_{jn}^{z}(t)S_{lm}^{z}(0)>$, is time independent, which
constitutes an unexpected result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2363 </DOCNO>
Spin dynamical properties and orbital states of the layered perovskite


  Low-temperature spin dynamics of the double-layered perovskite
La_2-2x_Sr_1+2x_Mn_2_O_7 (LSMO327) was systematically studied in a wide hole
concentration range (0.3 <= x < 0.5). The spin-wave dispersion, which is almost
perfectly 2D, has two branches due to a coupling between layers within a
double-layer. Each branch exhibits a characteristic intensity oscillation along
the out-of-plane direction. We found that the in-plane spin stiffness constant
and the gap between the two branches strongly depend on x. By fitting to
calculated dispersion relations and cross sections assuming Heisenberg models,
we have obtained the in-plane (J_para), intra-bilayer (J_perp) and
inter-bilayer (J') exchange interactions at each x. At x=0.30, J_para=-4meV and
J_perp=-5meV, namely almost isotropic and ferromagnetic. Upon increasing x,
J_perp rapidly approaches zero while |J_para| increases slightly, indicating an
enhancement of the planar magnetic anisotropy. At x=0.48, J_para reaches -9meV,
while J_perp turns to +1meV indicating an antiferromagnetic interaction. Such a
drastic change of the exchange interactions can be ascribed to the change of
the relative stability of the d_x^2-y^2 and d_3z^2-r^2 orbital states upon
doping. However, a simple linear combination of the two states results in an
orbital state with an orthorhombic symmetry, which is inconsistent with the
tetragonal symmetry of the crystal structure. We thus propose that an ``orbital
liquid'' state realizes in LSMO327, where the charge distribution symmetry is
kept tetragonal around each Mn site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73102 </DOCNO>
Neutrino oscillations in the early Universe


  We discuss the oscillations effects on neutrinos in the early Universe and
update the cosmological constraints on the oscillation parameters. It is shown
that sterile LOW solution to the solar neutrino problem is almost completely
excluded from cosmological nucleosynthesis considerations. Two possibilities
for the relaxation of this constraint are discussed: high primordial helium-4
yield and a relic lepton asymmetry present at nucleosynthesis epoch. The
numerical analysis proved that Y_p=0.25 only relaxes the constraint on LOW
solution, while L > 10^{-5} is capable to remove it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6424 </DOCNO>
A measure for the complexity of Boolean functions related to their


  We define a measure for the complexity of Boolean functions related to their
implementation in neural networks, and in particular close related to the
generalization ability that could be obtained through the learning process. The
measure is computed through the calculus of the number of neighbor examples
that differ in their output value. Pairs of these examples have been previously
shown to be part of the minimum size training set needed to obtain perfect
generalization in feedforward neural networks.
  The main advantage of the proposed measure, in comparison to existing ones,
is the way in which the measure is evaluated, as it can be computed from the
definition of the function itself, independently of its implementation. The
validity of the proposal is analyzed through numerical simulations performed on
different feedforward neural networks architectures, and a good agreement is
obtained between the predicted complexity and the generalization ability for
different classes of functions.
  Also an interesting analogy was found between the proposed complexity measure
and the energy function of ferromagnetic systems, that could be exploited, by
use of the existing results and mathematical tools developed within a
statistical mechanics framework, to explore in a more rigorous way the
properties of Boolean functions when implemented on neural networks.
  We conjecture that the proposed measure could help as an useful tool for
carrying a systematic study of the computational capabilities of neural
networks, essentially by permitting an easy and reliable classification of
Boolean functions. Possible extensions of the work are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127164 </DOCNO>
Hyper Extremely Red Objects in the Subaru Deep Field: Evidence for


  We report observational analyses and theoretical interpretations of unusually
red galaxies in the Subaru Deep Field (SDF). A careful analysis of the SDF data
revealed a population with unusually red near-infrared (NIR) colors of J - K >~
3-4, with higher confidence than the previous SDF result. Their surface number
density drastically increases at K >~ 22 and becomes roughly the same with that
of dusty starburst galaxies detected by submillimeter observations in recent
years. These colors are even redder than the known population of the extremely
red objects (EROs), and too red to explain by passively evolving elliptical
galaxies which are the largest population of EROs. Hence these hyper extremely
red objects (HEROs) should be considered as a distinct population from EROs. We
discuss several possible interpretations of these enigmatic objects, and we
show that these red NIR colors, K-band and sub-mm flux, and surface number
density are quantitatively best explained by primordial elliptical galaxies
reddened by dust, still in the starburst phase of their formation at z ~ 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127422 </DOCNO>
Measurements of light transmission in deep sea with the AC9


  The NEMO Collaboration aims to construct an underwater Cerenkov detector in
the Mediterranean Sea, able to act as a neutrino telescope. One of the main
tasks of this project, which implies difficult technological challenges, is the
selection of an adequate marine site. In this framework the knowledge of light
transmission properties in deep seawater is extremely important. The
collaboration has measured optical properties in several marine sites near the
Italian coasts, at depths >3000 m, using a set-up based on a AC9, a commercial
trasmissometer, manufactured by WETLabs. The results obtained for the two sites
reported in this paper Alicudi and Ustica, show that deep seawater optical
properties are comparable to those of the clearest waters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41439 </DOCNO>
On the possibility of discrimination between $\pi^0, \eta, \omega,


  The possibility of separating the $\pi^0, \eta, \omega$ and $K^0_s$ meson
background from the signal photons produced directly in $pp$ collisions is
analyzed. The rejection factors for two pseudorapidity regions 0.4<\eta<1.0$
and 1.6<\eta<2.0$ and six Et values, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 200 GeV, are
calculated for a case when only the calorimeter information is used. The cases
of $\eta, \omega$ and $K^0_s$ mesons decaying through the neutral and charged
channels are considered separately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124318 </DOCNO>
Analysis of ProNaOS submillimeter maps in the M42 Orion Nebula -


  We have mapped with the French submillimeter balloon-borne telescope ProNaOS
the thermal emission of the dust in the M42 Orion Nebula. The map obtained is
50' by 40' with an angular resolution of about 3' in the four efficient
wavelengths 200 $\mic$, 260 $\mic$, 360 $\mic$ and 580 $\mic$. The temperature
and index we obtain are highly variable within the studied region: the
temperature varies from 12 K to 70 K, and the spectral index from 1.1 to 2.2.
The statistical analysis of the temperature and spectral index spatial
distribution in this region, as well as in the other regions mapped by ProNaOS,
shows an evidence of an inverse correlation between these two parameters. We
deduce the column densities of gas and the masses. Being invisible in the IRAS
100 $\mic$ survey, some cold clouds are likely to be the seeds for future star
formation activity going on in the complex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5122 </DOCNO>
Growth-related inhomogeneities in bulk melt-grown YBaCuO crystals


  The homogeneity of a large YBaCuO sample fabricated by top-seeded melt-growth
has been studied in details. It was particularly shown how structural
imperfections and superconducting properties are distributed along the growth
front. These distributions are scarcely explicable within a suggestion that the
a-growth fronts are flat. The obtained data testify to concave growth fronts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73473 </DOCNO>
Comparison of 3-Dimensional and 1-Dimensional Schemes in the calculation


  A 3-dimensional calculation of atmospheric neutrinos flux is presented, and
the results are compared with those of a 1-dimensional one. In this study,
interaction and propagation of particles is treated in a 3-dimensional way
including the curvature of charged particles due to the geomagnetic field,
which is assumed to be a dipole field. The purpose of this paper is limited to
the comparison of calculation schemes. The updated flux value with new
interaction model and primary flux model will be reported in a separate paper.
  Except for nearly horizontal directions, the flux is very similar to the
result of 1 dimensional calculations. However, for near-horizontal directions
an enhancement of the neutrino flux is seen even at energies as high as 1 GeV.
The production height of neutrinos is lower than the prediction by
1-dimensional calculation for near-horizontal directions, and is a little
higher for near-vertical directions. However, the difference is not evident
except for near-horizontal directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97964 </DOCNO>
Loop groups and twin buildings


  We describe some buildings related to complex Kac-Moody groups. First we
describe the spherical building of SLn(C) (i.e. the projective geometry PG(Cn))
and its Veronese representation. Next we recall the construction of the affine
building associated to a discrete valuation on the rational function field
$C(z)$. Then we describe the same building in terms of complex Laurent
polynomials, and introduce the Veronese representation, which is an equivariant
embedding of the building into an affine Kac-Moody algebra. Next, we introduce
topological twin buildings. These buildings can be used for a proof - which is
a variant of the proof by Quillen and Mitchell - of Bott periodicity which uses
only topological geometry. At the end we indicate very briefly that the whole
process works also for affine real almost split Kac-Moody groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40838 </DOCNO>
Search for the sgoldstino at sqrt(s) from 189 to 202 GeV


  A search for the supersymmetric partner of the goldstino, the sgoldstino S,
at LEP2 is presented. The production Sgamma followed by S decay into two gluons
or into two photons was studied at 189 - 202 GeV LEP centre-of-mass energies.
No evidence for the S production was found and limits on the S mass
corresponding to different theory parameters are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 853 </DOCNO>
The Bose Metal: gauge field fluctuations and scaling for field tuned


  In this paper, we extend our previous discussion of the Bose metal to the
field tuned case. We point out that the recent observation of the metallic
state as an intermediate phase between the superconductor and the insulator in
the field tuned experiments on MoGe films is in perfect consistency with the
Bose metal scenario. We establish a connection between general dissipation
models and gauge field fluctuations and apply this to a discussion of scaling
across the quantum phase boundaries of the Bose metallic state. Interestingly,
we find that the Bose metal scenario implies a possible {\em two} parameter
scaling for resistivity across the Bose metal-insulator transition, which is
remarkably consistent with the MoGe data. Scaling at the superconductor-metal
transition is also proposed, and a phenomenolgical model for the metallic state
is discussed. The effective action of the Bose metal state is described and its
low energy excitation spectrum is found to be $\omega \propto k^{3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149852 </DOCNO>
On Conifolds and D3-branes


  We search for Ricci flat, K\"{a}hler geometries which are asymptotic to the
cone whose base is the space T^{11} by working out covariantly constant spinor
equations. The metrics we find are singular in the interior and introducing
parallel D3-branes does not form regular event horizons cloaking the naked
singularities. We also work out a supersymmetric ansatz involving only the
metric and the 5-form field corresponding to D3-branes wrapping over the
non-trivial 2-cycle of T^{11}. We find a system of first-order equations and
argue that the solution has an event horizon and the ADM mass per unit volume
diverges logarithmically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86763 </DOCNO>
Non-abelian 4-d black holes, wrapped 5-branes, and their dual


  We study extremal and non-extremal generalizations of the regular non-abelian
monopole solution of hep-th/9707176, interpreted in hep-th/0007018 as 5-branes
wrapped on a shrinking S^2. Naively, the low energy dynamics is pure N=1
supersymmetric Yang-Mills. However, our results suggest that the scale of
confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in the Yang-Mills theory actually
coincides with the Hagedorn temperature of the little string theory. We find
solutions with regular horizons and arbitrarily high Hawking temperature.
Chiral symmetry is restored at high energy density, corresponding to large
black holes. But the entropy of the black hole solutions decreases as one
proceeds to higher temperatures, indicating that there is a thermodynamic
instability and that the canonical ensemble is ill-defined. For certain limits
of the black hole solutions, we exhibit explicit non-linear sigma models
involving a linear dilaton. In other limits we find extremal non-BPS solutions
which may have some relevance to string cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4200 </DOCNO>
Exact Results for the Crossover from Gaussian to Non-Gaussian Order


  The physics of quasi one-dimensional Peierls systems is dominated by order
parameter fluctuations. We present an algorithm which allows for the first time
to exactly calculate physical properties of the electrons gas coupled to
classical order parameter fluctuations. The whole range from the Gaussian
regime dominated by amplitude fluctuations to the non-Gaussian regime dominated
by phase fluctuations is accessible. Our results provide insight into the
'pseudogap' phenomenon occurring in underdoped high-temperature
superconductors, quasi one-dimensional organic conductors and liquid metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150053 </DOCNO>
D-brane probes on G2 Orbifolds


  We consider type IIB string theory on a seven dimensional orbifold with
holonomy in G2. The motivation is to use D1-branes as probes of the geometry.
The low energy theory on the D1-brane is a sigma-model with two real
supercharges (N = (1,1) in two dimensional language). We study in detail the
closed and open string sectors and propose a coupling of the twisted fields to
the brane that modifies the vacuum moduli space so that the singularity at the
origin is removed. Instead of coming from D-terms, which are not present here,
the modification comes from a ``twisted'' mass term for the seven scalar
multiplets on the brane. The proposed mechanism involves a generalization of
the moment map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179259 </DOCNO>
One and Two-photon Physics with Relativistic Heavy Ions


  The physics of peripheral collisions with relativistic heavy ions (PCRHI) is
reviewed. One- and two-photon processes are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179559 </DOCNO>
Extended van Royen-Weisskopf formalism for lepton-antilepton meson decay


  The classical van Royen-Weisskopf formula for the decay width of a meson into
a lepton-antilepton pair is modified in order to include non-zero quark
momentum contributions within the meson as well as relativistic effects.
Besides, a phenomenological electromagnetic density for quarks is introduced.
The meson wave functions are obtained from two different models: a chiral
constituent quark model and a quark potential model including instanton
effects. The modified van Royen-Weisskopf formula is found to improve
systematically the results for the widths, giving an overall good description
of all known decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98339 </DOCNO>
Branching coefficients of holomorphic representations and Segal-Bargmann


  Let $\mathbb D=G/K$ be a complex bounded symmetric domain of tube type in a
Jordan algebra $V_{\mathbb C}$, and let $D=H/L =\mathbb D\cap V$ be its real
form in a Jordan algebra $V\subset V_{\mathbb C}$. The analytic continuation of
the holomorphic discrete series on $\mathbb D$ forms a family of interesting
representations of $G$. We consider the restriction on $D$ of the scalar
holomorphic representations of $G$, as a representation of $H$. The unitary
part of the restriction map gives then a generalization of the Segal-Bargmann
transform. The group $L$ is a spherical subgroup of $K$ and we find a canonical
basis of $L$-invariant polynomials in components of the Schmid decomposition
and we express them in terms of the Jack symmetric polynomials. We prove that
the Segal-Bargmann transform of those $L$-invariant polynomials are, under the
spherical transform on $D$, multi-variable Wilson type polynomials and we give
a simple alternative proof of their orthogonality relation. We find the
expansion of the spherical functions on $D$, when extended to a neighborhood in
$\mathbb D$, in terms of the $L$-spherical holomorphic polynomials on $\mathbb
D$, the coefficients being the Wilson polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77145 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavor Violating Process in Bi-maximal texture of Neutrino


  We investigate the lepton flavor violation in the framework of the MSSM with
right-handed neutrinos taking the large mixing angle MSW solution in the
quasi-degenerate and the inverse-hierarchical neutrino masses. We predict the
branching ratio of $\mu \to e+\gamma$ and $\tau \to \mu+\gamma$ processes
assuming the degenerate right-handed Majorana neutrino masses. We find that the
branching ratio in the quasi-degenerate neutrino mass spectrum is 100 times
smaller than the ones in the inverse-hierarchical and the hierarchical neutrino
spectra. We emphasize that the magnitude of $U_{e3}$ is one of important
ingredients to predict BR($\mu \to e +\gamma $). The effect of the deviation
from the complete-degenerate right-handed Majorana neutrino masses are also
estimated. Furtheremore, we examine the $S_{3\sL}\times S_{3\sR}$ model, which
gives the quasi-degenerate neutrino masses, and the Shafi-Tavartkiladze model,
which gives the inverse-hierarchical neutrino masses. Both predicted branching
ratios of $\mu\to e+\gamma$ are smaller than the experimantal bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127272 </DOCNO>
A Relativistic-Plasma Compton Maser


  A relativistic pair-plasma which contains a high excitation of electrostatic
turbulence could produce intense radiation at brightness temperature in excess
of 10^22 K by stimulated scattering. Important relativistic effects would
include the broadband frequency response of the plasma and Compton-boosting of
the scattered radiation. In radio-frequency relativistic plasma, the optical
depth can be as small as hundreds of meters. When the plasma wave excitation
and particle distributions are one-dimensional, the frequency-dependent angular
distribution of the emission exhibits characteristics of pulsar emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128608 </DOCNO>
Planet migration and gap formation by tidally-induced shocks


  Gap formation in a gas disk triggered by disk-planet tidal interaction is
considered. Density waves launched by the planet are assumed to be damped as a
result of their nonlinear evolution leading to shock formation and its
subsequent dissipation. As a consequence wave angular momentum is transferred
to the disk,leading to evolution of its surface density. Planetary migration is
an important ingredient of the theory; effects of the planet-induced surface
density perturbations on the migration speed are considered. A gap is assumed
to form when a stationary solution for the surface density profile is no longer
possible in the frame of reference migrating with the planet. An analytical
limit on the planetary mass necessary to open a gap in an inviscid disk is
derived. The critical mass turns out to be smaller than mass M_1 for which
planetary Hill's radius equals disk scaleheight by a factor of at least Q^{5/7}
(Q is the Toomre stability parameter) depending on the strength of the
migration feedback. In viscous disks the critical planetary mass could vary
from about 0.1M_1 to M_1, depending on the disk viscosity. This implies that a
gap could be formed by a planet with mass 1-10 times bigger than the Earth mass
depending on the disk aspect ratio, viscosity, and planet's location in the
nebula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127714 </DOCNO>
High-redshift QSOs in the FIRST survey


  In a pilot search for high-redshift radio QSOs, we have obtained spectra of
55 FIRST sources (S(1.4GHz) > 1 mJy) with very red (O-E > 3) starlike optical
identifications. 10 of the candidates are QSOs with redshifts 3.6 < z < 4.4 (4
previously known), six with z > 4. The remaining 45 candidates comprise: a z =
2.6 BAL QSO; 3 low-redshift galaxies with narrow emission lines; 18 probable
radio galaxies; and 23 M stars (mainly misidentifications). The success rate
(high-redshift QSOs / spectroscopically-observed candidates) for this search is
1/2 for S(1.4GHz) > 10 mJy, and 1/9 for S(1.4GHz) > 1 mJy. With an effective
search area of 4030 deg^2, the surface density of high-redshift (z > 4) QSOs
discovered with this technique is 0.0015 deg^-2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74782 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations of a (Tensionless) Brane World


  We compute the quantum fluctuations of a 3-brane with tension, energy density
and stiffness. As a result of the fluctuations there are induced forces between
massive objects living on the brane. We study various limiting cases of the
induced potential between 2 and 3 massive objects. One quite interesting
finding is that for tensionless brane world there are universal (mass
independent) $1/r^3$ forces between the objects on the brane. These forces are
in principle measurable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1025 </DOCNO>
Polarization-dependent discharge in fibers of semiconducting ladder-type


  We report results on polarization-dependent photoinduced discharge in
oriented fibers and films of ladder-type, electron-transporting polymer poly
(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline), BBL. The photocarrier generation efficiency
in the fiber which is indicated by the rate of discharge, is found to be
distinctly higher for light polarized parallel to the fiber axis as compared to
the radially perpendicular direction . Similar results, with photocarrier
generation efficiency anisotropy ~ 10 are obtained for oriented films. These
observations are different from previously obtained results on
polyparaphenylenevinylene (PPV). The results are compared with the
polarization-dependent steady- state photoconductivity measurements. We
interpret these results on the basis of molecular and macroscopic features of
the material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124430 </DOCNO>
Optical and Near-IR Monitoring of Symbiotic Binary Systems


  Symbiotic stars are long-period interacting binary systems in which an
evolved red giant star transfers material to its much hotter compact companion.
Such a composition places them among the most variable stars. In addition to
periodic variations due to the binary motion they often show irregular changes
due to nova-like eruptions of the hot component. In some systems the cool giant
is a pulsating Mira-type star usually surrounded by a variable dust shell.
Here, I present results of optical and IR monitoring of symbiotic systems as
well as future prospects for such studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2746 </DOCNO>
Phase Field Model for Three-Dimensional Dendritic Growth with Fluid Flow


  We study the effect of fluid flow on three-dimensional (3D) dendrite growth
using a phase-field model on an adaptive finite element grid. In order to
simulate 3D fluid flow, we use an averaging method for the flow problem coupled
to the phase-field method and the Semi-Implicit Approximated Projection Method
(SIAPM). We describe a parallel implementation for the algorithm, using Charm++
FEM framework, and demonstrate its efficiency. We introduce an improved method
for extracting dendrite tip position and tip radius, facilitating accurate
comparison to theory. We benchmark our results for two-dimensional (2D)
dendrite growth with solvability theory and previous results, finding them to
be in good agreement. The physics of dendritic growth with fluid flow in three
dimensions is very different from that in two dimensions, and we discuss the
origin of this behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1272 </DOCNO>
New superconducting states in the Hubbard model


  By acting on the excited states at half-filling in the positive-$U$ Hubbard
model with the $\eta$-pairing operators, we found some new superconducting
states in the Hubbard model away from half-filling. Such eigenstates are
different from the zero-pair and one-pair states introduced by Yang. It is
shown that the one-pair states are not the ground-states and possess ODLRO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86052 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic tails of massive scalar fields in Schwarzschild background


  We investigate the asymptotic tail behavior of massive scalar fields in
Schwarzschild background. It is shown that the oscillatory tail of the scalar
field has the decay rate of $t^{-5/6}$ at asymptotically late times, and the
oscillation with the period $2\pi/m$ for the field mass $m$ is modulated by the
long-term phase shift. These behaviors are qualitatively similar to those found
in nearly extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m background, which are discussed in
terms of a resonant backscattering due to the space-time curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4630 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Simulations of Spin-Glasses at Low Temperatures: Effects of


  We present results of Monte Carlo simulations, using parallel tempering, on
the three- and four-dimensional Edwards-Anderson (EA) Ising spin-glass with
Gaussian couplings at low temperatures with free boundary conditions. Our
results suggest that large-scale low-energy excitations may be space filling.
The data implies that the energy of these excitations increases with increasing
system size for small systems, but we see evidence in three dimensions, where
we have a greater range of sizes, for a crossover to a regime where the energy
is independent of system size, in accordance with replica symmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179429 </DOCNO>
Single-Particle Transfer and Nuclear Supersymmetry. Pick-Up and


  Transfer reactions constitute a stringent test for nuclear supersymmetry, a
theory that simultaneously describes neighboring nuclei with bosonic and
fermionic character. We construct and analytically evaluate one-nucleon
transfer matrix elements between supersymmetric partners with the U(6/4) case
as an example, and stress the need for a careful treatment of bosonic and
fermionic operators in the construction of mixed tensor operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126900 </DOCNO>
Another intermediate mass black hole in a starburst galaxy?: The


  In a 52 ks-long Chandra ACIS-S observation of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC
3628, obtained to study the starburst-driven outflow from this galaxy, we have
detected a very luminous (L_X = 1.1e40 erg/s in the 0.3-8.0 keV energy band)
point source located at least 20 arcsec (~970 pc) from the nucleus of the
galaxy. No radio, optical or near-IR counterpart to this source has been found.
  This is most probably the reappearance of the strongly-variable
X-ray-luminous source discovered by Dahlem et al (1995), which faded by a
factor >27 between December 1991 and March 1994 (at which point it had faded
below the detection limit in a ROSAT HRI observation). This source is clearly a
member of an enigmatic class of X-ray sources that are considerably more
luminous than conventional X-ray binaries but less luminous than AGN, and which
are not found at the dynamical center of the host galaxy.
  The Chandra spectrum is best-fit by an absorbed power law model with a photon
index of Gamma = 1.8+/-0.2, similar to that seen in Galactic BH binary
candidates in their hard state. Bremsstrahlung models or multi-color disk
models (the favored spectral model for objects in this class based on ASCA
observations) can provide statistically acceptable fits only if the data at
energies E > 5 keV is ignored. This is one of the first X-ray spectra of such
an object that is unambiguously that of the source alone, free from the
spectral contamination by X-ray emission from the rest of the galaxy that
affects previous spectral studies of these objects using ASCA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127893 </DOCNO>
The Optical Proper Motions of HH 7-11 and Cep E (HH 377)


  A key ingredient in understanding the dynamics of stellar outflows is their
proper motion. We have used optical images in the [SII] emission at 6717/31 A
and the red Digitized Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (DSS) plates to determine
the proper motion of HH 7-11 system and the optical knot of Cep E (HH 377). The
DSS plate measurements span nearly 37 years for both HH 7-11 and HH 377 and
have wide field of view, which allows an accurate determination of the proper
motions despite their relatively low angular resolution. The optical images,
with higher angular resolution, cover a shorter period of 7 and 4 years,
respectively, and have been used to complement the DSS measurements. From the
DSS plates we have found that HH 377 has a proper motion of 0.031 +/- 0.003
arcsec/yr with a PA = 206 arcdeg, i.e. moving away from IRAS 230111+63, that at
a distance of 730 pc corresponds to a tangential velocity of 107 +/- 14 km/s.
The values obtained from the optical images are consistent with these
measurements. Similarly, the proper motions of HH 7-11 range from 0.015 +/-
0.009 (HH 9) to 0.044 +/- 0.007 (HH 11) arcsec/yr, and the flow is moving away
from SVS 13 with a mean PA = 136 arcdeg. At a distance of 330 pc, these motions
correspond to tangential velocities of 25 - 70 km/s, i.e. comparable to the
original values obtained by Herbig & Jones (1983). The measurements from the
optical CCD [SII] images are again consistent with these motions, although in
detail there are some difference, particularly for HH 7 and HH 10.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3248 </DOCNO>
Probing d-wave pairing correlations in the pseudogap regime of the


  The issue of probing the pseudogap regime of the cuprate superconductors,
specifically with regard to the existence and nature of superconducting pairing
correlations of d-wave symmetry, is explored theoretically. It is shown that if
the d-wave correlations believed to describe the superconducting state persist
into the pseudogap regime, but with pair-potential phase-fluctuations that
destroy their long-range nature, then the low-energy quasiparticle states
observed near extended impurities in the truly superconducting state should
also persist as resonances in the pseudogap regime. The scattering of
quasiparticles by these phase-fluctuations broadens what was (in the
superconducting state) a sharp peak in the single-particle spectral function at
low energy, as we demonstrate within the context of a simple model. This peak
and its broadening is, in principle, accessible via scanning tunneling
spectroscopy near extended impurities in the pseudogap regime. If so, such
experiments would provide a probe of the extent to which d-wave superconducting
correlations persist upon entering the pseudogap regime, thus providing a
stringent diagnostic of the phase-fluctuation scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129359 </DOCNO>
B1422+231: The influence of mass substructure on strong lensing


  In this work we investigate the gravitationally lensed system B1422+231.
High--quality VLBI image positions, fluxes and shapes as well as an optical HST
lens galaxy position are used. First, two simple and smooth models for the lens
galaxy are applied to fit observed image positions and fluxes; no even remotely
acceptable model was found. Then, models with more complexity are considered,
still not giving satisfactory results. Such models also do not accurately
reproduce the image shapes. In order to fit the data successfully, mass
substructure has to be added to the lens, and its level is estimated. To
explore expectations about the level of substructure in galaxies and its
influence on strong lensing, N-body simulation results of a model galaxy are
employed. By using the mass distribution of this model galaxy as a lens,
synthetic data sets of different four image system configurations are generated
and simple lens models are again applied to fit them. The difficulties in
fitting these lens systems turn out to be similar to the case of some real
gravitationally lensed systems, thus possibly providing evidence for the
presence and strong influence of substructure in the primary lens galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85672 </DOCNO>
Quantum limits in interferometric measurements


  Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of interferometric measurements. It is
generally admitted that it leads to an ultimate sensitivity, the ``standard
quantum limit''. Using a semi-classical analysis of quantum noise, we show that
a judicious use of squeezed states allows one in principle to push the
sensitivity beyond this limit. This general method could be applied to large
scale interferometers designed for gravitational wave detection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113827 </DOCNO>
Multichannel $e^{\pm}$ scattering on excited Ps states


  Scattering and reaction cross sections of $e^{\pm}-Ps$ system are calculated
for total angular momentum L=0, 1 and 2 and energies between the
Ps(n=2)-Ps(n=3) threshold. We solved a set of Faddeev-Merkuriev and
Lippmann-Schwinger integral equations by applying the Coulomb-Sturmian
separable expansion technique. We found that the excited positronium states
play dominating roles in scattering processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125385 </DOCNO>
Amplification, Saturation, and Q Thresholds for Runaway: Growth of


  We investigate the susceptibility of gaseous, magnetized galactic disks to
formation of self-gravitating condensations using two-dimensional, local
models. We focus on two issues: (1) determining the threshold condition for
gravitational runaway, taking into account nonlinear effects, and (2)
distinguishing the magneto-Jeans instability (MJI) that arises under
inner-galaxy rotation curves from the modified swing amplification (MSA) that
arises under outer-galaxy rotation curves. For axisymmetric density
fluctuations, instability is known to require a Toomre parameter Q<1. For
nonaxisymmetric fluctuations, any nonzero shear $q \equiv -d\ln \Omega /d \ln
R$ winds up wavefronts such that in linear theory amplification saturates. Any
Q threshold for nonaxisymmetric gravitational runaway must originate from
nonlinear effects. We use numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations to
demonstrate the anticipated threshold phenomenon, to analyze the nonlinear
processes involved, and to evaluate the critical value $Q_c$ for stabilization.
We find $Q_c \sim 1.2-1.4$ for a wide variety of conditions, with the largest
values corresponding to nonzero but subthermal mean magnetic fields. Our
findings for $Q_c$ are similar to those inferred from thresholds for active
star formation in the outer regions of spiral galaxies. MJI is distinct from
MSA in that opposition to Coriolis forces by magnetic tension, rather than
cooperation of epicyclic motion with kinematic shear, enables nonaxisymmetric
density perturbations to grow. We suggest that under low-shear inner-disk
conditions, $Q_c$ will be larger than that in outer disks by a factor $\sim
(v_A/q c_s)^{1/2}$, where $v_A$ and $c_s$ are the respective Alfven and sound
speeds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7415 </DOCNO>
Dimensional cross-over and charge order in half-doped Manganites and


  We introduce a general model for understanding the effect of quenched
disorder on charge ordering in half-doped Manganese- and Cobalt-Oxides with
different crystal structures. Current experimental results (Table-1) are
discussed in light of the global phase diagram of the model (Fig. 2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74209 </DOCNO>
Strangeness enhancement in heavy ion collisions


  We argue that the main features of baryon and anti-baryon enhancement
observed by the WA97 collaboration can be described using canonical formulation
of strangeness conservation. Within this formulation strangeness enhancement
could be larger at lower collision energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73449 </DOCNO>
Review of the PQCD approach to exclusive B decays


  I review important aspects of the perturbative QCD approach to exclusive $B$
meson decays, concentrating on factorization theorem, gauge invariance,
end-point singularities, $k_T$ and threshold resummations, power counting,
penguin enhancement, and CP asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73520 </DOCNO>
Charm Physics and the Poor Sleeper's Impatience


  After a short review of the theoretical tools available to describe heavy
flavour physics I sketch the present profile of the weak dynamics of charm
hadrons with respect to lifetimes, oscillations and CP violation. I argue that
comprehensive studies of charm decays provide novel portals to New Physics and
suggest some benchmark figures for desirable sensitivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96736 </DOCNO>
Some questions of equivariant movability


  In this paper the some questions of equivariant movability connected with
substitution of acting group $G$ on closed subgroup $H$ and with transitions to
spaces of $H$-orbits and $H$-fixed points spaces are investigated. In the
special case the characterization of equivariant-movable $G$-spaces is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113354 </DOCNO>
An Ultralogic Unification for All Physical Theories


  In this paper, the set of all physical theories is represented by a countable
collection of consequence operators. It is established that in the Grundlegend
Structure, a nonstandard structure, there exists a function S such that for any
subset W of L, S selects an ultralogic C such that C(*W) restrictred to L is a
unification for the set of all physical theories as they are applied to W.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126404 </DOCNO>
The Galaxy Octopole Moment as a Probe of Weak Lensing Shear Fields


  In this paper, we introduce the octopole moment of the light distribution in
galaxies as a probe of the weak lensing shear field. While traditional
ellipticity estimates of the local shear derived from the quadrupole moment are
limited by the width of the intrinsic ellipticity distribution of background
galaxies, the dispersion in the intrinsic octopole distribution is expected to
be much smaller, implying that the signal from this higher order moment is
ultimately limited by measurement noise, and not by intrinsic scatter. We
present the computation of the octopole moment and show that current
observations are at the regime where the octopole estimates will soon be able
to contribute to the overall accuracy of the estimates of local shear fields.
Therefore, the prospects for this estimator from future datasets like the
Advanced Camera for Survey and the Next Generation Space Telescope are very
promising.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7526 </DOCNO>
Competing orders in a magnetic field: spin and charge density waves in


  We describe two-dimensional quantum spin fluctuations in a superconducting
Abrikosov flux lattice induced by a magnetic field applied to a doped Mott
insulator. Complete numerical solutions of a self-consistent large N theory
provide detailed information on the phase diagram and on the spatial structure
of the dynamic spin spectrum. Our results apply to phases with and without
long-range spin density wave order and to the magnetic quantum critical point
separating these phases. We discuss the relationship of our results to a number
of recent neutron scattering measurements on the cuprate superconductors in the
presence of an applied field. We compute the pinning of static charge order by
the vortex cores in the `spin gap' phase where the spin order remains
dynamically fluctuating, and argue that these results apply to recent scanning
tunnelling microscopy (STM) measurements. We show that with a single typical
set of values for the coupling constants, our model describes the field
dependence of the elastic neutron scattering intensities, the absence of
satellite Bragg peaks associated with the vortex lattice in existing neutron
scattering observations, and the spatial extent of charge order in STM
observations. We mention implications of our theory for NMR experiments. We
also present a theoretical discussion of more exotic states that can be built
out of the spin and charge density wave order parameters, including those with
`exciton fractionalization'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86164 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional metrics as deformations of a constant curvature metric


  Any three-dimensional Riemannian metric can be locally obtained by deforming
a constant curvature metric along one direction. The general interest of this
result, both in geometry and physics, and related open problems are stressed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113817 </DOCNO>
The Nature is Simple in Essence - Blueprint for Unification of Gravity


  The Temporal Fluctuation Model proposed in present paper represents an
attempt for a unitary vision for gravity, inertia and electromagnetism. We
obtain the main results of General Relativity and Electromagnetism and the
theory, until now, don't contain self-contradictions. As well, we obtain the
"unified potential" which has terms that coupling gravitation with
electromagnetism and who could be the basis for future technological
applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148034 </DOCNO>
Supergravity Couplings of Noncommutative D-branes


  We discuss the supergravity couplings of noncommutative D-branes by
considering the disk amplitudes with one closed string insertion. The result
confirms a recent proposal for the general form of the noncommutative
Yang-Mills operators coupling to the massless closed string modes. The
construction involves smearing Yang-Mills field variables along an open Wilson
line. For multiple D-branes interacting with background supergravity fields,
this prescription reduces, in the B=0 limit, to the ``symmetrized trace''
prescription, and the supergravity fields are seen to be functionals of the
nonabelian scalar fields on the branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96856 </DOCNO>
Some non-Gorenstein Hecke algebras attached to spaces of modular forms


  This paper answers a question of Gross and others, by exhibiting specific
examples of Hecke algebras where mod 2 multiplicity one fails for some modular
forms, and the associated Hecke algebras are not Gorenstein.
  It shows that the methods of Wiles, Gross, Edixhoven, Buzzard, Mazur and
others have an upper bound to their applicability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72791 </DOCNO>
The LHC (CMS) Discovery Potential for Models with Effective


  We investigate squark and gluino pair production at LHC (CMS) with subsequent
decays into quarks, leptons and LSP in models with effective supersymmetry
where third generation of squarks is relatively light while the first two
generations of squarks are heavy. We consider the general case of nonuniversal
gaugino masses. Visibility of signal by an excess over SM background in (n \geq
2)jets + (m \geq 0)leptons + E^{miss}_T events depends rather strongly on the
relation between LSP, second neutralino, gluino and squark masses and it
decreases with the increase of LSP mass. We find that for relatively heavy
gluino it is very difficult to detect SUSY signal even for light 3^{rd}
generation squarks (m_{\tilde q_3}\le 1 TeV) if the LSP mass is closed to the
3^{rd} generation squark mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129177 </DOCNO>
Type 1 AGN and their Link to ULIRGS


  Increasing observational evidence supports a picture for a close link among
AGN phenomenum, star-formation processes and galaxy formation. Since the
physical phenomena related to the onset of both AGN and star formation are very
likely characterized by a strong far infrared (FIR) emission it becomes
mandatory to investigate the FIR energy domain. However, because of their
faintness in the FIR energy range, very little is known about the FIR
properties of type 1 AGN, and type 2 AGN, which are supposed to be missed in
classical searches, still lack definition and samples. Our aim is to
investigate the FIR properties of optically selected type 1 AGN, compare them
to Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs) and derive some general
characteristics of the population. Expectations for future surveys are also
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76036 </DOCNO>
The Nuts and Bolts of Diffraction


  Results on soft and hard diffraction are briefly reviewed with emphasis on
the interplay among factorization properties, universality of rapidity gap
formation and unitarity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4382 </DOCNO>
Stability of the Kauffman Model


  Random Boolean networks, the Kauffman model, are revisited by means of a
novel decimation algorithm, which reduces the networks to their dynamical
cores. The average size of the removed part, the stable core, grows
approximately linearly with N, the number of nodes in the original networks. We
show that this can be understood as the percolation of the stability signal in
the network. The stability of the dynamical core is investigated and it is
shown that this core lacks the well known stability observed in full Kauffman
networks. We conclude that, somewhat counter-intuitive, the remarkable
stability of Kauffman networks is generated by the dynamics of the stable core.
The decimation method is also used to simulate large critical Kauffman
networks. For networks up to N=32 we perform full enumeration studies. Strong
evidence is provided for that the number of limit cycles grows linearly with N.
This result is in sharp contrast to the often cited $\sqrt{N}$ behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86608 </DOCNO>
Can Black Holes Decay to Naked Singularities?


  We investigate thermodynamic properties of two types of asymptotically
anti-de Sitter spacetimes: black holes and singular scalar field spacetimes. We
describe the possibility that thermodynamic phase transitions can transform one
spacetime into another, suggesting that black holes can radiate to naked
singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5607 </DOCNO>
Metastable precursors during the oxidation of the Ru(0001) surface


  Using density-functional theory, we predict that the oxidation of the
Ru(0001) surface proceeds via the accumulation of sub-surface oxygen in
two-dimensional islands between the first and second substrate layer. This
leads locally to a decoupling of an O-Ru-O trilayer from the underlying metal.
Continued oxidation results in the formation and stacking of more of these
trilayers, which unfold into the RuO_2(110) rutile structure once a critical
film thickness is exceeded. Along this oxidation pathway, we identify various
metastable configurations. These are found to be rather close in energy,
indicating a likely lively dynamics between them at elevated temperatures,
which will affect the surface chemical and mechanical properties of the
material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96987 </DOCNO>
Vari\'et\'es projectives complexes dont l'\'eclat\'ee en un point est de


  We classify complex projective manifolds $X$ for which there exists a point
$a$ such that the blow-up of $X$ at $a$ is Fano.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83856 </DOCNO>
CLP Approaches to 2D Angle Placements


  The paper presents two CLP approaches to 2D angle placements, implemented in
CHIP v.5.3. The first is based on the classical (rectangular) cumulative global
constraint, the second on the new trapezoidal cumulative global constraint.
Both approaches are applied to a specific presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6597 </DOCNO>
Giant vortices in small mesoscopic disks: an approximate description


  We present an approximate description of the giant vortex state in a thin
mesoscopic superconducting disk within the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau
approach. Analytical asymptotic expressions for the energies of the states with
fixed vorticity are obtained when a small magnetic flux is accumulated in the
disk. The spectrum of the lowest Landau levels of such a disk is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127928 </DOCNO>
Nested Bars in Disk Galaxies: No Offset Dust Lanes in Secondary Nuclear


  Under certain conditions, sub-kpc nuclear bars form inside large-scale
stellar bars of disk galaxies. These secondary bars spend a fraction of their
lifetime in a dynamically-decoupled state, tumbling in the gravitational field
of the outer bars. We analyze the flow pattern in such nested bar systems and
find that secondary bars differ fundamentally from their large-scale
counterparts. In particular the gas flow across the bar-bar interface in these
systems can be more chaotic or more regular in nature, and, contrary to
predictions, has no difficulty in penetrating the secondary bars. The outer
parts of both short and long nuclear bars (with respect to their corotation)
appear to be depopulated of gas, while deep inside them the flow exhibits low
Mach numbers and follows ovally-shaped orbits with little dissipation. We find
that gas-dominated and star-dominated nuclear bars avoid the bar-bar interface,
making both types of bars short relative to their corotation. Furthermore, our
earlier work has shown that dynamically-coupled secondary bars exhibit a
similarly relaxed low-dissipation flow as well. Therefore, no large-scale
shocks form in the nuclear bars, and consequently, no offset dust lanes are
expected there. We find that offset dust lanes cannot be used in the search for
secondary (nuclear) bars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4537 </DOCNO>
The Ab Initio Melting Curve of Aluminium


  The melting curve of aluminium has been determined from 0 to ~150 GPa using
first principles calculations of the free energies of both the solid and
liquid. The calculations are based on density functional theory within the
generalised gradient approximation using ultrasoft Vanderbilt pseudopotentials.
The free energy of the harmonic solid has been calculated within the
quasiharmonic approximation using the small-displacement method; the free
energy of the liquid and the anharmonic correction to the free energy of the
solid have been calculated via thermodynamic integration from suitable
reference systems, with thermal averages calculated using ab-initio molecular
dynamics. The resulting melting curve is in good agreement with both static
compression measurements and shock data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99005 </DOCNO>
Form factors of SU(N) invariant Thirring model


  We obtain a new integral formula for solutions of the rational quantum
Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation associated with Lie algebra sl_{N} at level
zero. Our formula contains the integral representation of form factors of SU(N)
invariant Thirring model constructed by F. Smirnov. We write down recurrence
relations arising from the construction of the form factors. We check that the
recurrence relations hold for the form factors of the energy momentum tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96335 </DOCNO>
On the first two Vassiliev invariants


  The values that the first two Vassiliev invariants take on prime knots with
up to fourteen crossings are considered. This leads to interesting fish-like
graphs. Several results about the values taken on torus knots are proved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127839 </DOCNO>
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Cepheids in the Galaxy


  We present results of the search for Cepheids in the galaxy IC1613 carried
out as a sub-project of the OGLE-II microlensing survey. 138 Cepheids were
found in the 14.2x14.2 arcmin region in the center of the galaxy. We present
light curves, VI photometry and basic data for all these objects, as well as
color-magnitude diagram of the observed field.
  The Period--Luminosity (PL) diagrams for IC1613 fundamental mode Cepheids for
VI and interstellar extinction insensitive index W_I are constructed.
Comparison of PL relations in metal poor galaxy IC1613 ([Fe/H]~-1.0 dex) with
relations in metal richer Magellanic Clouds allows us to study dependence of
Cepheid PL relations on metallicity in the wide range of metallicities covered
by these three galaxies. The slopes of PL relations in IC1613 are identical as
in the Magellanic Clouds. The comparison of brightness of Cepheids with the
magnitudes of the tip of the red giant branch stars and RR Lyr stars in all
three objects provides information on the stability of zero points of PL
relations in the I and V-band, respectively. We find that the zero points of PL
relations are constant to better than $\pm0.03$ mag over the entire range of
covered metallicities. Thus, the most important conclusion of the paper is that
the Cepheid PL relations do not depend on metallicity. Additionally we
determine the mean distance to IC1613, based on the common distance scale
resulting from four major stellar distance indicators: Cepheids, RR Lyr, TRGB
and red clump stars. The distance modulus to IC1613 is equal to
(m-M)_IC1613=24.20 mag with the standard deviation of +/-0.02 mag from six
measurements and systematic uncertainty of calibrations of +/-0.07 mag.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1887 </DOCNO>
Decoupling of the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic zig-zag ladder with anisotropy


  The spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic zig-zag ladder is studied by exact
diagonalization of small systems in the regime of weak inter-chain coupling. A
gapless phase with quasi long-range spiral correlations has been predicted to
occur in this regime if easy-plane (XY) anisotropy is present. We find in
general that the finite zig-zag ladder shows three phases: a gapless collinear
phase, a dimer phase and a spiral phase. We study the level crossings of the
spectrum,the dimer correlation function, the structure factor and the spin
stiffness within these phases, as well as at the transition points. As the
inter-chain coupling decreases we observe a transition in the anisotropic XY
case from a phase with a gap to a gapless phase that is best described by two
decoupled antiferromagnetic chains. The isotropic and the anisotropic XY cases
are found to be qualitatively the same, however, in the regime of weak
inter-chain coupling for the small systems studied here. We attribute this to a
finite-size effect in the isotropic zig-zag case that results from
exponentially diverging antiferromagnetic correlations in the weak-coupling
limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125454 </DOCNO>
Hydrogen-poor planetary nebulae


  Five planetary nebulae are known to show hydrogen-poor material near the
central star. In the case of A58, this gas was ejected following a late thermal
pulse similar to Sakurai's Object. In this paper I will review these five
objects. One of them, IRAS 18333$-$2357, may not be a true PN. I will show that
there is a strong case for a relation to the [WC] stars and their relatives,
the weak emission-line stars. The surface abundances of the [WC] stars are
explained via diffuse overshoot into the helium layer. The hydrogen-poor PNe do
not support this: their abundances indicate a change of abundance with depth in
the helium layer. A short-lived phase of very high mass loss, the r-AGB, is
indicated. Sakurai's Object may be at the start of such a phase, and may evolve
to very low stellar temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123995 </DOCNO>
The MACHO Project LMC Variable Star Inventory: X. The R Coronae Borealis


  We report the discovery of eight new R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars in the
Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the MACHO project photometry database. The
discovery of these new stars increases the number of known RCB stars in the LMC
to thirteen. We have also discovered four stars similar to the Galactic
variable DY Per. These stars decline much more slowly and are cooler than the
RCB stars. The absolute luminosities of the Galactic RCB stars are unknown
since there is no direct measurement of the distance to any Galactic RCB star.
Hence, the importance of the LMC RCB stars. We find a much larger range of
absolute magnitudes (M(V) = -2.5 to -5 mag) than inferred from the small
pre-MACHO sample of LMC RCB stars. It is likely that there is a temperature -
M(V)relationship with the cooler stars being intrinsically fainter. Cool (~5000
K) RCB stars are much more common than previously thought based on the Galactic
RCB star sample. Using the fairly complete sample of RCB stars discovered in
the MACHO fields, we have estimated the likely number of RCB stars in the
Galaxy to be ~3,200. The SMC MACHO fields were also searched for RCB stars but
none were found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2200 </DOCNO>
Towards Bose-Einstein Condensation of Electron Pairs: Role of Schwinger


  It can be shown that the bosonic degree of freedom of the tightly bound
on-site electron pairs could be separated as Schwinger bosons. This is
implemented by projecting the whole Hilbert space into the Hilbert subspace
spanned by states of two kinds of Schwinger bosons (to be called binon and
vacanon) subject to a constraint that these two kinds of bosonic quasiparticles
cannot occupy the same site. We argue that a binon is actually a kind of
quantum fluctuations of electron pairs, and a vacanon corresponds to a vacant
state. These two bosonic quasiparticles may be responsible for the
Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of the system associated with electron pairs.
These concepts are also applied to the attractive Hubbard model with strong
coupling, showing that it is quite useful. The relevance of the present
arguments to the existing theories associated with the BEC of electron pairs is
briefly commented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76315 </DOCNO>
Jet quenching as a probe of gluon plasma formation


  We study, in a pQCD calculation augmented by nuclear effects, the jet energy
loss needed to reproduce the pi^0 spectra in Au+Au collisions at large p_T,
measured by PHENIX at RHIC. The transverse width of the parton momentum
distributions (intrinsic-k_T) is used phenomenologically to obtain a reliable
baseline pp result. Jet quenching is applied to the nuclear spectra (including
shadowing and multiscattering) to fit the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123721 </DOCNO>
The p- and r-processes: reviews and other views


  A review is presented of the p-process in Type II supernovae, one of its
goals being to enlighten the changes in views on this nucleosynthesis mechanism
since the work of Jean and Jim on the subject in 1975. Specific discussions are
also devoted to cases of particular interest, like the light Mo and Ru stable
isotopes, the rare nuclide 138La or the radionuclide 146Sm. Some comments of
diverse natures are also made on the r-process. These considerations do not aim
at really providing an exhaustive review of the many nuclear physics and
astrophysics intricacies of this process. In contrast, they are hoped to
complement or to put in perspective other views that are often expressed in
relation with this nucleosynthesis mechanism

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113870 </DOCNO>
Influence of Static and Dynamic Disorder on the Anisotropy of Emission


  Using the reduced density matrix formalism the time dependence of the exciton
scattering in light-harvesting ring systems of purple bacteria is calculated.
In contrast to the work of Kumble and Hochstrasser (J. Chem. Phys. 109 (1998)
855) static disorder (fluctuations of the site energies) as well as dynamic
disorder (dissipation) is taken into account. For the description of
dissipation we use Redfield theory in exciton eigenstates without secular
approximation. This is shown to be equivalent to the Markovian limit of Capek's
theory in local states. Circular aggregates with 18 pigments are studied to
model the B850 ring of bacteriochlorophyls within LH2 complexes. It can be
demonstrated that the dissipation is important for the time-dependent
anisotropy of the fluorescence. Smaller values of static disorder are
sufficient to produce the same decay rates in the anisotropy in comparison with
the results by Kumble and Hochstrasser.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96482 </DOCNO>
Boundary regularity, uniqueness and non-uniqueness for AH Einstein


  This paper studies several aspects of asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein
metrics, mostly on 4-manifolds. We prove boundary regularity (at infinity) for
such metrics and establish uniqueness under natural conditions on the boundary
data. By examination of explicit black hole metrics, it is shown that neither
uniqueness nor finiteness holds in general for AH Einstein metrics with a
prescribed conformal infinity. We then describe natural conditions which are
sufficient to ensure finiteness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126431 </DOCNO>
Magnetic fields in barred galaxies. II. Dynamo models


  We study the generation and maintenance of large-scale magnetic fields in
barred galaxies. We take a velocity field (with strong noncircular components)
from a published gas dynamical simulation of Athanassoula (1992), and use this
as input to a galactic dynamo calculation. Our work is largely motivated by
recent high quality VLA radio observations of the barred galaxy NGC 1097, and
we compare our results in detail with the regular magnetic fields deduced from
these observations. We are able to reproduce most of the conspicuous
large-scale features of the observed regular field, including the field
structure in the central regions, by using a simple mean-field dynamo model in
which the intensity of interstellar turbulence (more precisely, the turbulent
diffusivity) is enhanced by a factor of 2-6 in the dust lanes and near the
circumnuclear ring. We argue that magnetic fields can be dynamically important,
and therefore should be included in models of gas flow in barred galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86124 </DOCNO>
General vacuum solution for axially symmetric stationary spacetime


  We have obtained the most general solution of the Einstein vacuum equation
for the axially symmetric stationary metric in which both the Hamilton-Jacobi
equation for particle motion and the Klein - Gordon equation are separable. It
turns out that it can be transformed into the Kerr - NUT solution. Like the
Kerr solution, the Kerr - NUT solution is thus also unique under these
assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74338 </DOCNO>
Workshop Summary


  Recent progress in understanding the physics of B mesons and of CP violation,
as presented to this Workshop, is put in historical perspective and summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127811 </DOCNO>
Rotational Velocities and Radii of Pre-Main-Sequence Stars in the Orion


  We have obtained high-dispersion spectra for 256 pre-main-sequence stars in
the Orion Nebula Cluster in order to measure their projected rotational
velocities and study the rotational evolution and physical properties of young,
low-mass stars. Half the stars were chosen because they had known photometric
periods and half were selected as a control sample of similar objects without
known periods. More than 90% of the spectra yielded vsin(i) measurements,
although one-third are upper limits. We find strong evidence confirming the
assumption that the periodic light variations of T Tauri stars are caused by
rotation of surface spots. We find no significant difference between the
vsin(i) distributions of the periodic and control samples, indicating that
there is no strong bias in studying the rotation of young stars using periodic
variables. Likewise, the classical and weak T Tauri stars exhibit vsin(i)
distributions that are statistically the same. For stars with known period and
vsin(i), the mean value of sin(i) is lower than expected for a random
distribution of rotation axes. This could be due to errors in the quantities
that contribute to the sin(i) calculation or to a real physical effect. We find
that mean sin(i) has the expected value if we increase the stars' Teff values
by 400-600 K. Finally, we have calculated minimum radii for stars with vsin(i)
and period, and average radii for stars grouped by location in the H-R diagram.
We find evidence at the 3-sigma level that the radii of stars on similar mass
tracks are decreasing as the stars move closer to the ZAMS. [abridged]

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123447 </DOCNO>
Thermal Infrared 3--5 $\mu$m Colors of Obscured and Unobscured Active


  Thermal infrared photometry in the $L$- and $M'$-band and $L - M'$ colors of
type-1 and type-2 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are presented. After combining
our observations with photometric data at similar wavelengths taken from the
literature, we find that the excess of $L - M'$ colors of type-2 AGNs (37
sources, 50 data points) relative to type-1 AGNs (27 sources, 36 data points),
due to dust extinction, is statistically detectable, but very small. We next
investigate the $L - M'$ colors of type-2 AGNs by separating less dust-obscured
type-2 AGNs and highly dust-obscured type-2 AGNs. In both cases, the $L - M'$
colors are similar to the intrinsic $L - M'$ color of unobscured AGNs, and the
$L - M'$ color excess of the latter highly dust-obscured type-2 AGNs due to
dust extinction is much smaller than that expected from the Galactic dust
extinction curve. Contamination from starbursts and the time lag of flux
variation are unlikely to explain this small $L - M'$ color excess, which is
best explained if the dust extinction curve in the close vicinity of AGNs is
fairly flat at 3--5 $\mu$m as a result of a size increase of the absorbing dust
grains through coagulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129419 </DOCNO>
Structure and Instabilities of an Irradiated Viscous Protoplanetary Disk


  We investigate the structure and the stabilities of a protoplanetary disk,
which is heated by viscous process in itself and by its central star. The disk
is set to rotate with the Keplerian velocity and has the surface density
distribution of the minimum mass solar nebula. We assume the vertical
hydrostatic equilibrium and the radiative equilibrium at each point, and solve
the two-dimensional radiative transfer equation by means of the Short
Characteristic method in the spherical coordinate in order to determine the
disk structure. Our calculation shows that at the outer region of the disk with
a distance from the central star of x>1AU the radiative heating from the inner
disk dominates the viscous heating even near the midplane. It is because of the
high temperature distribution in the optically thin surface layer and the
relatively high disk height as a consequence of the irradiation from the inner
hot region of the disk. In addition, we examine the convective and the
magnetorotational instabilities of the disk. As a result, the whole disk is
convectively stable since the dusty region is not heated by the viscous
dissipation from the midplane but by the radial radiative heating. On the other
hand, almost all the disk is magnetorotationally unstable except for the region
near the equatorial plane of from 2AU to 10AU. Finally we discuss the growth
and the size distribution of dust particles in the disk, which suggests that
there exist cm-sized particles in the surface layer, namely, in the exposed
region of the disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85847 </DOCNO>
Dyadosphere bending of light


  In the context of the static and spherically symmetric solution of a charged
compact object, we present the expression for the bending of light in the
region just outside the event horizon (the dyadosphere) where vacuum
polarization effects are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168048 </DOCNO>
Necessary And Sufficient Condition of Separability of Any System


  The necessary and sufficient condition of separability of a mixed state of
any systems is presented, which is practical in judging the separability of a
mixed state. This paper also presents a method of finding the disentangled
decomposition of a separable mixed state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126748 </DOCNO>
Physical Constraints From Broadband Afterglow Fits:GRB000926 as an


  We develop a model to fit the broadband afterglows of GRBs from the intrinsic
parameters of the fireball's synchrotron emission, and apply it to a few
well-studied events, with the goal of constraining the intrinsic variability of
GRB parameters. We give an example here of fitting to the recent bright event
GRB000926.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86349 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models Containing Homogeneous Inner


  There are investigated such cosmological models which instead of the usual
spatial homogeneity property only fulfil the condition that in a certain
synchronized system of reference all spacelike sections t = const. are
homogeneous manifolds. This allows time-dependent changes of the BIANCHI type.
Discussing differential geometrical theorems it is shown which of them are
permitted. Besides the trivial case of changing into type I there exist some
possible changes between other types. However, physical reasons like energy
inequalities partially exclude them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97584 </DOCNO>
Representations of Two-Parameter Quantum Groups and Schur-Weyl Duality


  We determine the finite-dimensional simple modules for two-parameter quantum
groups corresponding to the general linear and special linear Lie algebras gl_n
and sl_n, and give a complete reducibility result. These quantum groups have a
natural n-dimensional module V. We prove an analogue of Schur-Weyl duality in
this setting: the centralizer algebra of the quantum group action on the k-fold
tensor power of V is a quotient of a Hecke algebra for all n and is isomorphic
to the Hecke algebra in case n\geq k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5743 </DOCNO>
Many-body spectrum and particle localization in quantum dots and finite


  The yrast spectra (i.e. the lowest states for a given total angular momentum)
of quantum dots in strong magnetic fields, are studied in terms of exact
numerical diagonalization and analytic trial wave functions. We argue that
certain features (cusps) in the many-body spectrum can be understood in terms
of particle localization due to the strong field. A new class of trial
wavefunctions supports the picture of the electrons being localized in Wigner
molecule-like states consisting of consecutive rings of electrons, with
low-lying excitations corresponding to rigid rotation of the outer ring of
electrons. The geometry of the Wigner molecule is independent of interparticle
interactions and the statistics of the particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41155 </DOCNO>
An Indirect Search for WIMPs with Super-Kamiokande


  A potential source of high energy neutrinos is the annihilation of Weakly
Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) collecting in gravitational potential
wells such as the centers of the Earth, the Sun, or the Galaxy. A search for
such a WIMP annihilation signal using the Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) detector
is presented. Super-K observes 1.1 upward through-going muons per day. These
events are caused by high energy (typical E_nu ~ 100 GeV) nu_mu interactions in
the rock under the detector, and are generally consistent with the expected
flux from atmospheric neutrinos. No enhancement of the neutrino signal due to
WIMP annihilation is seen, so upper limits on the possible flux of WIMPS are
set. These limits are compared to those from other such indirect searches, and
a model-independent method is used to compare the Super-K results with
direct-detection WIMP experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75713 </DOCNO>
Isospin Violation and the Magnetic Moment of the Muon


  We calculate the leading isospin-violating and electromagnetic corrections
for the decay tau --> pi^0 pi nu_tau at low energies. The corrections are small
but relevant for the inclusion of tau decay data in the determination of
hadronic vacuum polarization especially for the anomalous magnetic moment of
the muon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1825 </DOCNO>
Scaling in a Nonconservative Earthquake Model of Self-Organised


  We numerically investigate the Olami-Feder-Christensen model for earthquakes
in order to characterise its scaling behaviour. We show that ordinary finite
size scaling in the model is violated due to global, system wide events.
Nevertheless we find that subsystems of linear dimension small compared to the
overall system size obey finite (subsystem) size scaling, with universal
critical coefficients, for the earthquake events localised within the
subsystem. We provide evidence, moreover, that large earthquakes responsible
for breaking finite size scaling are initiated predominantly near the boundary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2253 </DOCNO>
Piezoelectric mechanism of orientation of a bilayer Wigner crystal in a


  A mechanism for orientation of bilayer classical Wigner crystals in a
piezoelectric medium is considered. For the GaAs system the piezoelectric
correction to the electrostatic interaction between electrons is calculated. It
is shown that taking into account the correction due to the piezoelectric
effect leads to a dependence of the total energy of the electron crystal on its
orientation with respect to the crystallographic axes of the surrounding
matrix. A generalization of Ewald's method is obtained for calculating the
anisotropic interaction between electrons in a Wigner crystal. The method is
used to calculate the energy of bilayer Wigner crystals in electron layers
parallel to the crystallographic planes (001), (0-11), and (111) as a function
of their orientation and the distance between layers, and the energetically
most favorable orientation for all types of electron lattices in a bilayer
system is found. It is shown that phase transitions between structures with
different lattice symmetry in a Wigner crystal can be accompanied by a change
of its orientation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 640 </DOCNO>
Classical Spin Liquid Properties of the Infinite-Component Spin Vector


  Thermodynamic quantities and correlation functions (CFs) of the classical
antiferromagnet on the checkerboard lattice are studied for the exactly
solvable infinite-component spin-vector model, $D \to \infty$. In contrast to
conventional two-dimensional magnets with continuous symmetry showing extended
short-range order at distances smaller than the correlation length, $r \lesssim
\xi_c \propto \exp(T^*/T)$, correlations in the checkerboard-lattice model
decay already at the scale of the lattice spacing due to the strong degeneracy
of the ground state characterized by a macroscopic number of strongly
fluctuating local degrees of freedom. At low temperatures, spin CFs decay as
$<{\bf S}_0 {\bf S}_r > \propto 1/r^2$ in the range $a_0 \ll r \ll \xi_c
\propto T^{-1/2}$, where $a_0$ is the lattice spacing. Analytical results for
the principal thermodynamic quantities in our model are very similar with MC
simulations, exact and analytical results for the classical Heisenberg model
(D=3) on the pyrochlore lattice. This shows that the ground state of the
infinite-component spin vector model on the checkerboard lattice is a classical
spin liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97012 </DOCNO>
Contact topology and CR geometry in three dimensions


  We study low-dimensional problems in topology and geometry via a study of
contact and Cauchy-Riemann ($CR$) structures. A contact structure is called
spherical if it admits a compatible spherical $CR$ structure. We will talk
about spherical contact structures and our analytic tool, an evolution equation
of $CR$ structures. We argue that solving such an equation for the standard
contact 3-sphere is related to the Smale conjecture in 3-topology. Furthermore,
we propose a contact analogue of Ray-Singer's analytic torsion. This ''contact
torsion'' is expected to be able to distinguish among ''spherical space forms''
$\{\Gamma\backslash S^{3}\}$ as contact manifolds. We also propose the study of
a certain kind of monopole equation associated with a contact structure. In
view of the recently developed theory of contact homology algebras, we will
discuss its overall impact on our study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148896 </DOCNO>
Statistics of the Composite Systems


  The commutation relations of the composite fields are studied in the 3, 2 and
1 space dimensions. It is shown that the field of an atom consisting of a
nucleus and an electron fields satisfies, in the space-like asymptotic limit,
the canonical commutation relations within the sub-Fock-space of the atom. The
composite anyon fields are shown to satisfy the proper anyonic commutation
relations with the additive phase exponents. Then, (quasi)particle pictures of
the anyons are clarified. The hierarchy of the fractional quantum Hall effect
is rather simply nderstood by utilizing the (quasi)particle charactors of the
anyons. The commutation relations of the scalar object in the
Schwinger(Thirring) model are mentioned briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125475 </DOCNO>
No Evidence for Coherent Diffractive Radiation Patterns in the


  An independent analysis of the 326.5 MHz data obtained by Ooty Radio
Telescope reveals no evidence for coherent diffractive radiation patterns in
the millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76136 </DOCNO>
Non-Leptonic Two Body B Decays in QCD


  We review the current status of theoretical study of non-leptonic two body B
decays. There are two independent directions for this purpose. One is the so
called QCD factorization approach (or BBNS approach), which is based on naive
factorization approach. The other one is named perturbative QCD approach. We
list the different ideas and applications of the two method, and make a
comparison between the two.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41280 </DOCNO>
HERWIG 6.3 Release Note


  A new release of the Monte Carlo program HERWIG (version 6.3) is now
available. The main new features are new (MRST) built-in parton distribution
functions, more SM gauge boson production processes, 2 to 3 MSSM Higgs
production processes, an option to handle negative event weights, and an
interface to the CIRCE beamstrahlung program.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126966 </DOCNO>
The photoionization effect of the ultraviolet background on the


  We examined effects of the ultraviolet background radiation (UVB) on the
colour--magnitude relation (CMR) of elliptical galaxies in clusters of galaxies
in the hierarchical clustering scenario by using a semi-analytic model of
galaxy formation. In our model the UVB photoionizes gas in dark haloes and
suppresses the cooling of the diffuse hot gas onto galaxy discs. By using a
semi-analytic model without the effect of the UVB, Kauffmann & Charlot found
that the CMR can be reproduced by strong supernova heating because such
supernova feedback suppresses the chemical enrichment in galaxies especially
for small galaxies. We find that the CMR also becomes bluer because of the UVB,
in a different way from the effect of supernova feedback. While the supernova
feedback suppresses the chemical enrichment by a similar mechanism to galactic
wind, the UVB suppresses the cooling of the hot gas. This fact induces the
suppression of the metallicity of the intracluster medium (ICM). In our model
we find that the existence of the UVB can plausibly account for an observed ICM
metallicity that is equal to nearly 0.3 times the solar value, and that in this
case we can reproduce the CMR and the metallicity of the ICM simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168838 </DOCNO>
A universal cloner allowing the input to be arbitrary states in


  A generalized universal quantum cloning machine is proposed which allows the
input to be arbitrary states in symmetric subspace. And it reduces to the
universal quantum cloning machine (UQCM) if the input are identical pure
states. The generalized cloner is optimal in the sense we compare the input and
output reduced density operators at a single qubit. The result for qubits is
extended to arbitrary-dimensional states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2926 </DOCNO>
Negative Resistance in Brownian Transport


  We prove that negative incremental resistance cannot occur on 1D spaces like
the circle or the line; we construct an explicit two-dimensional model on the
cylinder, and its collapse into a branched 1D backbone. We derive an accurate
numerical method for solving our 2D model, and discuss the relevance of the
model to biological ion channels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126855 </DOCNO>
A G1-like globular cluster in NGC 1023


  The structure of a very bright (MV = -10.9) globular cluster in NGC 1023 is
analyzed on two sets of images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. From
careful modeling of King profile fits to the cluster image, a core radius of
0.55+/-0.1 pc, effective radius 3.7+/-0.3 pc and a central V-band surface
brightness of 12.9+/-0.5 mag / square arcsec are derived. This makes the
cluster much more compact than Omega Cen, but very similar to the brightest
globular cluster in M31, G1 = Mayall II. The cluster in NGC 1023 appears to be
very highly flattened with an ellipticity of about 0.37, even higher than for
Omega Cen and G1, and similar to the most flattened clusters in the Large
Magellanic Cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123387 </DOCNO>
Spatial/Spectral Resolution of a Galactic Bulge K3 Giant Stellar


  We present two Keck HIRES spectra (R=40,000) of a bulge K3 giant taken on
successive nights during the second caustic crossing of the binary microlensing
event EROS BLG-2000-5. This caustic crossing served to effectively resolve the
surface of the source star: the spectrum from the second night is dominated by
the limb, while the spectrum from the first night is comprised of light from a
broader range of radii. To demonstrate that the spectra are adequate to resolve
the differences between them, we analyze the H-alpha line. The equivalent width
is ~8% smaller on the second night, and the signal-to-noise ratio per
resolution element (165 and 75 on the two nights respectively) is sufficient to
show that the difference is approximately constant over the ~2A (~15 resolution
element) extent of the line. The sign of the difference is in the expected
direction since the limb is the coolest part of the star and therefore should
have the weakest H-alpha. We invite atmosphere modelers to predict the
difference spectrum from the entire spectral range 5500<lambda<7900A so that
these predictions can be compared to our observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149741 </DOCNO>
The covariant form of the gauge anomaly on noncommutative R2n


  The covariant form of the non-Abelian gauge anomaly on noncommutative R2n is
computed for U(N) groups. Its origin and properties are analyzed. Its
connection with the consistent form of the gauge anomaly is established. We
show along the way that bi-fundamental $U(N)\times U(M)$ chiral matter carries
no mixed anomalies, and interpret this result as a consequence of the
half-dipole structure which characterizes the charged non-commutative degrees
of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126272 </DOCNO>
Quantitative Morphology of Galaxies Observed in the Ultraviolet


  We present a quantitative study of the far-ultraviolet (FUV) and optical
morphology in 32 nearby galaxies and estimate the ``morphological
k-correction'' expected if these objects were observed unevolved at high
redshift. Using the common indices of central concentration (C) and rotational
asymmetry (A) to quantify morphology, we consider independently two phenomena
that give rise to this k-correction. Bandshifting, the decrease in rest-frame
wavelength of light observed through optical filters, is explored by measuring
these indices in several passbands for each galaxy, and it is found to be the
primary driver of changes in C and A. In general, the optical trend found for
decreasing C and increasing A when going to shorter wavelengths extends to the
FUV. However, the patchy nature of recent star-formation in late-type galaxies,
which is accentuated in the FUV, results in poor quantitative correspondence
between morphologies determined in the optical and FUV. We then artificially
redshift our FUV images into the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) filters to simulate
various cosmological distance effects such as surface brightness dimming and
loss of spatial resolution. Hubble types of many galaxies in our sample are not
readily identifiable at redshifts beyond z ~ 1, and the galaxies themselves are
difficult to detect beyond z ~ 3. Only features of the highest surface
brightness remain visible at cosmological distances. Our simulations suggest
that k-corrections alone are indeed capable of producing the peculiar
morphologies observed at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7305 </DOCNO>
Time Scales of Phonon Induced Decoherence of Semiconductor Spin Qubits


  Decoherence of a shallow donor electron spin in silicon caused by
electron-lattice interaction is studied. We find that there are two time scales
associated with the evolution of the electron spin density matrix: the fast but
incomplete decay due to the interaction with non-resonant phonons followed by
slow relaxation resulting from spin flips accompanied by resonant phonon
emission. We estimate both time scales as well as the magnitude of the initial
drop of coherence for P donor in Si and argue that the approach used is
suitable for evaluation of phonon induced decoherence for a general class of
localized spin states in semiconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3430 </DOCNO>
Edge states and determination of pairing symmetry in superconducting


  We calculate the energy dispersion of the surface Andreev states and their
contribution to tunneling conductance for the order parameters with horizontal
and vertical lines of nodes proposed for superconducting Sr2RuO4. For vertical
lines, we find double peaks in tunneling spectra reflecting the van Hove
singularities in the density of surface states originating from the turning
points in their energy dispersion. For horizontal lines, we find a single
cusp-like peak at zero bias, which agrees very well with the experimental data
on tunneling in Sr2RuO4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95699 </DOCNO>
Isospectral metrics on five-dimensional spheres


  We construct isospectral pairs of Riemannian metrics on S^5 and on B^6, thus
lowering by three the dimension of spheres and balls on which such metrics have
been constructed previously (S^{n\ge 8} and B^{n\ge 9}). We also construct
continuous families of isospectral Riemannian metrics on S^7 and on B^8. In
each of these examples, the metrics can be chosen equal to the standard metric
outside certain subsets of arbitrarily small volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124942 </DOCNO>
Investigation of Gravitational Lens Mass Models


  We have previously reported the discovery of strong gravitational lensing by
faint elliptical galaxies using the WFPC2 on HST and here we investigate their
potential usefulness in putting constraints on lens mass models. We compare
various ellipsoidal surface mass distributions, including those with and
without a core radius, as well as models in which the mass distributions are
assumed to have the same axis ratio and orientation as the galaxy light. We
also study models which use a spherical mass distribution having various
profiles, both empirical and following those predicted by CDM simulations.
These models also include a gravitational shear term. The model parameters and
associated errors have been derived by 2-dimensional analysis of the observed
HST WFPC2 images. The maximum likelihood procedure iteratively converges
simultaneously on the model for the lensing elliptical galaxy and the lensed
image components. The motivation for this study was to distinguish between
these mass models with this technique. However, we find that, despite using the
full image data rather than just locations and integrated magnitudes, the
lenses are fit equally well with several of the mass models. Each of the mass
models generates a similar configuration but with a different magnification and
cross-sectional area within the caustic, and both of these latter quantities
govern the discovery probability of lensing in the survey. These differences
contribute to considerable cosmic scatter in any estimate of the cosmological
constant using gravitational lenses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129048 </DOCNO>
From Correlations of Galaxy Properties to the Physics of Galaxy


  (Abridged) Motivated by forthcoming data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey,
we present a theoretical framework that can be used to interpret Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) of disk galaxy properties. We use the formalism
introduced by Mo, Mao, & White to compute the observable properties of galaxies
in a number of model populations, varying assumptions about which physical
parameters determine structural quantities and star formation histories. We
then apply PCA to these model populations. Our baseline model assumes that halo
mass, spin parameter, and formation redshift are the governing input parameters
and that star formation is determined by surface density through a Schmidt law.
  In all cases, the first principal component is primarily a measure of the
shape of the spectral energy distribution (SED), and it is usually driven by
variations in the spin parameter, which influences star formation through the
disk surface density. The second and (in some cases) third principal components
consist mainly of ``scale'' parameters like luminosity, disk radius, and
circular velocity. However, the detailed division of these scale parameters,
the disk surface brightness, and the rotation curve slope among the principal
components changes significantly from model to model. Our calculations yield
predictions of principal component structure for the baseline model of disk
galaxy formation, and a physical interpretation of these predictions. They also
show that PCA can test the core assumptions of that model and reveal the
presence of additional physical parameters that may govern observable galaxy
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124351 </DOCNO>
HST study of the LMC compact star forming region N83B


  High resolution imaging with the HST uncovers the so far hidden stellar
content and the nebular features of the high excitation compact HII region N83B
in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We discover that the HII region is powered
by the most recent massive starburst in the OB association LH5 and the burst
has created about 20 blue stars spread over ~30" on the sky (7.5 pc). Globally
N83B displays a turbulent environment typical of newborn massive star formation
sites. It contains an impressive ridge, likely created by a shock and a cavity
with an estimated age of only ~30,000 yr, sculpted in the ionized gas by the
powerful winds of massive stars. The observations bring to light two compact
HII blobs, N83B-1 and N83B-2, and a small arc-nebula, N83B-3, lying inside the
larger HII region. N83B-1, only ~2.8" (0.7 pc) across, is the brightest and
most excited part of N83B. It harbors the presumably hottest star of the burst
and is also strongly affected by dust with an extinction of Av=2.5 mag. The
second blob, N83B-2, is even more compact, with a size of only ~1" (0.3 pc).
All three features are formed in the border zone between the molecular cloud
and the ionized gas possibly in a sequential process triggered by the
ionization front of an older HII region. Our HST imaging presents an
interesting and rare opportunity to observe details in the morphology of the
star formation in very small spatial scales in the LMC which are in agreement
with the concept of the fractal structure of molecular star forming clouds. A
scenario which supports hierarchical massive star formation in the LMC OB
association LH5 is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2206 </DOCNO>
Transport - and inductive critical current densities in superconducting


  The critical current density of four MgB2 samples was measured inductively
and for one of them also by transport. Pure phased and dense bulk samples yield
a critical current density which in value, as well as in its magnetic field and
temperature dependence, is essentially the same as the intra-granular current
density measured in a dispersed powder. Also the correspondence between the
inductive and transport data indicates that the grain boundaries in the bulk
samples are totally transparent for the current. The current-voltage relation
becomes rapidly shallow in the vicinity of a depinning line, well below the
second critical field. Between the depinning line and the second critical field
the material is ohmic and shows a marked magneto-resisitivity, indicative of a
flux-flow regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2965 </DOCNO>
Characteristic features of d pairing in bilayer cuprates under


  A system of self-consistent integral equations for the superconducting gap is
formulated and solved taking account of the instability of the normal phase of
bilayered cuprates against charge-density waves. The critical parameters are
calculated as a function of the wave vector, temperature, and doping index. It
is found that the region in which superconductivity coexists with d-type
charge-density waves depends strongly on the doping index. The effective
energy-gap parameter, determined as the interval between the peaks of the
density of states, can have a local minimum at temperatures T$<$T$_C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168301 </DOCNO>
More Is Not Necessarily Easier


  In this brief comment, we consider the exact, deterministic, and
nonasymptotic transformation of multiple copies of pure states under LOCC. It
was conjectured in quant-ph/0103131 that, if $k$ copies of $|\psi\>$ can be
transformed to $k$ copies of $|\phi\>$, the same holds for all $r \geq k$. We
present counterexamples to the above conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81207 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of the Scalar Condensate in thermal 4D self-interacting Scalar


  We simulate a four dimensional self-interacting scalar field theory on the
lattice at finite temperature. By varying temperature, the system undergoes a
phase transition from broken phase to symmetric phase. Our data show that the
zero-momentum field renormalization increases by approaching critical
temperature. On the other hand, finite-momentum wave-function renormalization
remains remarkably constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86009 </DOCNO>
Matter as curvature and torsion of general metric-affine space


  Equations, describing the curvature and torsion of general metric-affine
space G4 or (in accordance with the unified field theory) the distribution and
motion of matter, are obtained. Solutions of the equations for spherically
symmetric stationary model and uniform isotropic model are given for pure
gravitational field and massless fluid with spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123580 </DOCNO>
Chromatic Signatures in the Microlensing of GRB Afterglows


  We calculate the radial surface brightness profile of the image of a
Gamma-Ray-Burst (GRB) afterglow. The afterglow spectrum consists of several
power-law segments separated by breaks. The image profile changes considerably
across each of the spectral breaks. It also depends on the density profile of
the ambient medium into which the GRB fireball propagates. Gravitational
microlensing by an intervening star can resolve the afterglow image. We
calculate the predicted magnification history of GRB afterglows as a function
of observed frequency and ambient medium properties. We find that intensive
monitoring of a microlensed afterglow lightcurve can be used to reconstruct the
parameters of the fireball and its environment, and provide constraints on
particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification in relativistic blast
waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96740 </DOCNO>
Analysis of the Newton-Sabatier scheme for inverting fixed-energy phase


  It is proved that the Newton-Sabatier (NS) procedure does not solve the
inverse scattering problem with fixed-energy data and is not a valid inversion
method, in the following sense: 1) the basic integral equation, introduced by
R. Newton without derivation, in general, may be not solvable for some $r>0$,
and in this case NS procedure breaks down: it produces a potential which is not
locally integrable. 2) the ansatz $(\ast)$ $K(r,s) = \sum^\infty_{l=0} c_l
\phi_l (r) u_l (s)$, used by R. Newton, is incorrect: the transformation
operator $I-K$, corresponding to a generic does not have $K$ of the form
$(\ast),$ and 3) the set of potentials $q \in L_{1,1},$ that can possibly be
obtained by NS procedure, is not dense in the set of all $L_{1,1}$ potentials
in the norm of $L_{1,1}$. Therefore one cannot justify NS procedure even for
approximate solution of the inverse scattering problem with fixed-energy phase
shifts as data. Thus, the NS procedure, if considered as a method for solving
the inverse scattering problem, is based on an incorrect ansatz, the basic
integral equation of NS procedure is, in general, not solvable for some $r>0$,
and in this case this procedure breaks down, and NS procedure is not an
inversion theory: it cannot recover generic potentials $q \in L_{1,1}$ from
their fixed-energy phase shifts. Suppose now that one considers another
problem: given fixed-energy phase shifts, corresponding to some potential, find
a potential which generates the same phase shifts. Then NS procedure does not
solve this problem either: the basic integral equation, in general, may be not
solvable for some $r>0$, and then NS procedure breaks down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72653 </DOCNO>
Charmless Hadronic Decays of B Mesons to a Pseudoscalar and a Tensor


  We study two-body charmless hadronic decays of $B$ mesons to a pseudoscalar
meson ($P$) and a tensor meson ($T$) in the frameworks of both flavor SU(3)
symmetry and generalized factorization. Certain ways to test validity of the
generalized factorization are proposed, based on the flavor SU(3) analysis. We
present a set of relations between a flavor SU(3) amplitude and a corresponding
amplitude in the generalized factorization which bridge both approaches in $B
\to PT$ decays. The branching ratios and CP asymmetries are calculated using
the \emph{full} effective Hamiltonian including all the \emph{penguin}
operators and the form factors obtained in the non-relativistic quark model of
Isgur, Scora, Grinstein and Wise. We identify the decay modes in which the
branching ratios and CP asymmetries are expected to be relatively large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169336 </DOCNO>
Quantum systems as classical systems


  A characteristical property of a classical physical theory is that the
observables are real functions taking an exact outcome on every (pure) state;
in a quantum theory, at the contrary, a given observable on a given state can
take several values with only a predictable probability. However, even in the
classical case, when an observer is intrinsically unable to distinguish between
some distinct states he can convince himself that the measure of its
''observables'' can have several values in a random way with a statistical
character. What kind of statistical theory is obtainable in this way? It is
possible, for example, to obtain exactly the statistical previsions of quantum
mechanics? Or, in other words, can a physical system showing a classical
behaviour appear to be a quantum system to a confusing observer? We show that
from a mathematical viewpoint it is not difficult to produce a theory with
hidden variables having this property. We don't even try to justify in physical
terms the artificial construction we propose; what we do is to give a general
and rigorous argument showing how the interplay between the classical and
quantum mechanics we offer is interpretable as the difference between an
imaginary very expert observer and another nonexpert observer. This proves also
that besides the well known theorems concerning the impossibility of hidden
variables (cfr. Von Neumann [Neu] and Jauch-Piron [J-P]) there is also room for
a result in favor of the possibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95900 </DOCNO>
Post-Coulombian Dynamics at Order 1.5


  We study the dynamics of N charges interacting with the Maxwell field. If
their initial velocities are small compared to the velocity of light, c, then
in lowest order their motion is governed by the static Coulomb Lagrangian. We
investigate higher order corrections with an explicit control on the error
terms. The Darwin correction, order (v/c)^2, has been proved previously. In
this contribution we obtain the dissipative corrections due to radiation
damping, which are of order (v/c)^3 relative to the Coulomb dynamics. If all
particles have the same charge-to-mass ratio, the dissipation would vanish at
that order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1729 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of MgB$_2$ probed by radiation-induced


  The electrical resistivity $\rho$ and upper critical field $H_{c2}$ were
measured in MgB$_2$ disordered by nuclear reactor neutrons. We found that
superconducting temperature $T_c$ decreases under irradiation from 40 to 5 K.
Despite strong disordering (more than 10 dpa (displacements per atom)), the
initial crystal structure is preserved. The residual resistivity $\rho_0$
increases from 0.35 to 2 m$\Omega$ cm while $-dH_{c2}/dT$ remains approximately
unchanged ($-dH_{c2}/dT \approx 0.5$ T/K), and such behavior may be interpreted
as decrease in the density of electronic states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97951 </DOCNO>
Exponential Mixing Properties of Stochastic PDEs Through Asymptotic


  We consider parabolic stochastic partial differential equations driven by
white noise in time. We prove exponential convergence of the transition
probabilities towards a unique invariant measure under suitable conditions.
These conditions amount essentially to the fact that the equation transmits the
noise to all its determining modes. Several examples are investigated,
including some where the noise does not act on every determining mode directly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127624 </DOCNO>
Atomic calculation for the atmospheres of strongly-magnetized neutron


  Complete modeling of radiative transfer in neutron star atmospheres is in
progress, taking into account the anisotropy induced by magnetic fields,
non-ideal effects and general relativity. As part of our modeling, we present a
novel atomic calculation method producing an extensive atomic data set
including energy values and oscillator strengths in the so-called Landau regime
($B > 4.7\times10^9Z^2$ G). Conventional atmosphere models for B=0 are not
applicable to typical field strengths of cooling neutron stars ($B
\sim10^{12}-10^{13}$ G), since an atom no longer keeps its spherical shape. The
elemental composition and the configuration of the magnetic field in the
atmosphere are presently unknown, so that atomic data must be produced for
ground and excited states of several ions as a function of magnetic field. To
accomplish this efficiently, we minimized the iterations in the Hartree
equation and treated exchange terms and higher Landau states by perturbation
methods. This method has the effect of reducing the computation time
significantly. Inclusion of higher Landau states gives us much more accurate
data for inner orbitals unlike other methods based on the adiabatic
approximation. While existing atomic data in the Landau regime are available
only for low $Z$ atoms, our method can be used in elements up to Fe with
sufficient accuracy to be of use for spectroscopic missions such as {\it
Chandra}, {\it XMM-Newton} and next-generation X-ray telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76492 </DOCNO>
Soft and hard QCD dynamics in hadroproduction of charmonium


  Both hard and soft QCD dynamics are important in charmonium production, as
presented here through a next-to-leading order QCD matrix element calculation
combined with the colour evaporation model. Observed $x_F$ and $p_\perp$
distributions of $J/\psi$ in hadroproduction at fixed target and $p\bar{p}$
collider energies are reproduced. Quite similar results can also be obtained in
a more phenomenologically useful Monte Carlo event generator where the
perturbative production of \ccbar pairs is instead obtained through leading
order matrix elements and the parton shower approximation of the higher order
processes. The soft dynamics may alternatively be described by the soft colour
interaction model, originally introduced in connection with rapidity gaps. We
also discuss the relative rates of different charmonium states and introduce an
improved model for mapping the continuous \ccbar mass spectrum on the physical
charmonium resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168165 </DOCNO>
Mixed State Entanglement: Manipulating Polarisation-Entangled Photons


  There has been much discussion recently regarding entanglement
transformations in terms of local filtering operations and whether the optimal
entanglement for an arbitrary two-qubit state could be realised. We introduce
an experimentally realisable scheme for manipulating the entanglement of an
arbitrary state of two polarisation entangled qubits. This scheme is then used
to provide some perspective to the mathematical concepts inherent in this field
with respect to a laboratory environment. Specifically, we look at how to
extract enhanced entanglement from systems with a fixed rank and in the case
where the rank of the density operator for the state can be reduced, show how
the state can be made arbitrarily close to a maximally entangled pure state. In
this context we also discuss bounds on entanglement in mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87194 </DOCNO>
Varying speed of light cosmology from a stringy short distance cutoff


  It is shown that varying speed of light cosmology follows from a
string-inspired minimal length uncertainty relation. Due to the reduction of
the available phase space volume per quantum mode at short wavelengths, the
equation of state of ultrarelativistic particles stiffens at very high
densities. This causes a stronger than usual deceleration of the scale factor
which competes with a higher than usual propagation speed of the particles.
Various measures for the effective propagation speed are analyzed: the group
and phase velocity in the high energy tail, the thermal average of the group
and phase velocity, and the speed of sound. Of these three groups, only the
first provides a possible solution to the cosmological horizon problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96800 </DOCNO>
Examples of integrable sub-Riemannian geodesic flows


  Motivated by a paper of Bolsinov and Taimanov DG/9911193 we consider
non-holonomic situation and exhibit examples of sub-Riemannian metrics with
integrable geodesic flows and positive topological entropy. Moreover the
Riemannian examples are obtained as "holonomization" of sub-Riemannian ones. A
feature of non-holonomic situation is non-compactness of the phase space.
  We also exhibit a Liouvulle-integrable Hamiltonian system with topological
entropy of all integrals positive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125944 </DOCNO>
Supernova Ia: a Converging Delayed Detonation Wave


  A model of a carbon-oxygen (C--O) presupernova core with an initial mass 1.33
M_\odot, an initial carbon mass fraction 0.27, and with an average mass
growth-rate 5 x 10^{-7} M_\odot/yr due to accretion in a binary system was
evolved from initial central density 10^9 g/cm^3, and temperature 2.05 x 10^8 K
through convective core formation and its subsequent expansion to the carbon
runaway at the center. The only thermonuclear reaction contained in the
equations of evolution and runaway was the carbon burning reaction 12C + 12C
with an energy release corresponding to the full transition of carbon and
oxygen (with the same rate as carbon) into 56Ni. As a parameter we take
\alpha_c - a ratio of a mixing length to the size of the convective zone. In
spite of the crude assumptions, we obtained a pattern of the runaway acceptable
for the supernova theory with the strong dependence of its duration on
\alpha_c. In the variants with large enough values of \alpha_c=4.0 x 10^{-3}
and 3.0 x 10^{-3} the fuel combustion occurred from the very beginning as a
prompt detonation. In the range of 2.0 x 10^{-3} >= \alpha_c >= 3.0 x 10^{-4}
the burning started as a deflagration with excitation of stellar pulsations
with growing amplitude. Eventually, the detonation set in, which was activated
near the surface layers of the presupernova (with m about 1.33 M_\odot) and
penetrated into the star down to the deflagration front. Excitation of model
pulsations and formation of a detonation front are described in detail for the
variant with \alpha_c=1.0 x 10^{-3}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179547 </DOCNO>
Proton-Deuteron Elastic Scattering from 2.5 to 22.5 MeV


  We present the results of a calculation of differential cross sections and
polarization observables for proton-deuteron elastic scattering, for proton
laboratory energies from 2.5 to 22.5 MeV. The Paris potential parametrisation
of the nuclear force is used. As solution method for the charged-composite
particle equations the 'screening and renormalisation approach' is adopted
which allows to correctly take into account the Coulomb repulsion between the
two protons. Comparison is made with the precise experimental data of Sagara et
al. [Phys. Rev. C 50, 576 (1994)] and of Sperison et al. [Nucl. Phys. A422, 81
(1984)]. 

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148814 </DOCNO>
Disk Instantons, Mirror Symmetry and the Duality Web


  We apply the methods recently developed for computation of type IIA disk
instantons using mirror symmetry to a large class of D-branes wrapped over
Lagrangian cycles of non-compact Calabi-Yau 3-folds. Along the way we clarify
the notion of ``flat coordinates'' for the boundary theory. We also discover an
integer IR ambiguity needed to define the quantum theory of D-branes wrapped
over non-compact Lagrangian submanifolds. In the large $N$ dual Chern-Simons
theory, this ambiguity is mapped to the UV choice of the framing of the knot.
In a type IIB dual description involving $(p,q)$ 5-branes, disk instantons of
type IIA get mapped to $(p,q)$ string instantons. The M-theory lift of these
results lead to computation of superpotential terms generated by M2 brane
instantons wrapped over 3-cycles of certain manifolds of $G_2$ holonomy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128552 </DOCNO>
The harmonic power spectrum of the soft X-ray background I. The data


  Fluctuations of the soft X-ray background are investigated using harmonic
analysis. A section of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey around the north galactic pole
is used. The flux distribution is expanded into a set of harmonic functions and
the power spectrum is determined. Several subsamples of the RASS have been used
and the spectra for different regions and energies are presented. The effects
of the data binning in pixels are assessed and taken into account. The spectra
of the analyzed samples reflect both small scale effects generated by strong
discrete sources and the large scale gradients of the XRB distribution. Our
results show that the power spectrum technique can be effectively used to
investigate anisotropy of the XRB at various scales. This statistics will
become a useful tool in the investigation of various XRB components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2435 </DOCNO>
A Transport and Microwave Study of Superconducting and Magnetic


  We have performed susceptibility, thermopower, dc resistance and microwave
measurements on RuSr2EuCu2O8. This compound has recently been shown to display
the coexistence of both superconducting and magnetic order. We find clear
evidence of changes in the dc and microwave resistance near the magnetic
ordering temperature (132 K). The intergranular effects were separated from the
intragranular effects by performing microwave measurements on a sintered
ceramic sample as well as on a powder sample dispersed in an epoxy resin. We
show that the data can be interpreted in terms of the normal-state resistivity
being dominated by the CuO2 layers with exchange coupling to the Ru moments in
the RuO2 layers. Furthermore, most of the normal-state semiconductor-like
upturn in the microwave resistance is found to arise from intergranular
transport. The data in the superconducting state can be consistently
interpreted in terms of intergranular weak-links and an intragranular
spontaneous vortex phase due to the ferromagnetic component of the
magnetization arising from the RuO2 planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149734 </DOCNO>
The Geometrical Basis of the Nonlinear Gauge


  We consider Yang-Mills theory in Euclidean space time R4 and construct its
configuration space. The orbits are first shown to form a congruence set. Then
we show that in spite of the fact that there can be no orthogonal gauge in the
non-Abelian theory, the submanifolds defined by the non-linear gauge previously
proposed by the author are shown to foliate the configuration space. This was
accomplished by making use of the form version of Frobenius theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2604 </DOCNO>
Transition from Collisionless to Hydrodynamic Behaviour in an Ultracold


  Relative motion in a two-component, trapped atomic gas provides a sensitive
probe of interactions. By studying the lowest frequency excitations of a two
spin-state gas confined in a magnetic trap, we have explored the transition
from the collisionless to the hydrodynamic regime. As a function of collision
rate, we observe frequency shifts as large as 6% as well as a dramatic,
non-monotonic dependence of the damping rate. The measurements agree
qualitatively with expectations for behavior in the collisionless and
hydrodynamic limits and are quantitatively compared to a classical kinetic
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150231 </DOCNO>
An Exact Holographic RG Flow Between 2d Conformal Fixed Points


  We describe a supersymmetric RG flow between conformal fixed points of a
two-dimensional quantum field theory as an analytic domain wall solution of the
three-dimensional SO(4) x SO(4) gauged supergravity. Its ultraviolet fixed
point is an N=(4,4) superconformal field theory related, through the double
D1-D5 system, to theories modeling the statistical mechanics of black holes.
The flow is driven by a relevant operator of conformal dimension \Delta=3/2
which breaks conformal symmetry and breaks supersymmetry down to N=(1,1), and
sends the theory to an infrared conformal fixed point with half the central
charge.
  Using the supergravity description, we compute counterterms, one-point
functions and fluctuation equations for inert scalars and vector fields,
providing the complete framework to compute two-point correlation functions of
the corresponding operators throughout the flow in the two-dimensional quantum
field theory. This produces a toy model for flows of N=4 super Yang-Mills
theory in 3+1 dimensions, where conformal-to-conformal flows have resisted
analytical solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123664 </DOCNO>
A radio continuum survey of the southern sky at 1420 MHz. Observations


  We describe the equipment, observational method and reduction procedure of an
absolutely calibrated radio continuum survey of the South Celestial Hemisphere
at a frequency of 1420 MHz. These observations cover the area 0h < R.A. < 24h
for declinations less than -10 degree. The sensitivity is about 50 mK T_B (full
beam brightness) and the angular resolution (HPBW) is 35.4', which matches the
existing northern sky survey at the same frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126632 </DOCNO>
Cosmological parameters from the clustering of AGN


  We attempt to put constraints on different cosmological and biasing models by
combining the recent clustering results of X-ray sources in the local ($z\le
0.1$) and distant universe ($z\sim 1$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5822 </DOCNO>
From ballistic motion to localization: a phase space analysis


  We introduce phase space concepts to describe quantum states in a disordered
system. The merits of an inverse participation ratio defined on the basis of
the Husimi function are demonstrated by a numerical study of the Anderson model
in one, two, and three dimensions. Contrary to the inverse participation ratios
in real and momentum space, the corresponding phase space quantity allows for a
distinction between the ballistic, diffusive, and localized regimes on a unique
footing and provides valuable insight into the structure of the eigenstates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6419 </DOCNO>
Peierls instability with electron-electron interaction: the commensurate


  We consider a quantum many-body model describing a system of electrons
interacting with themselves and hopping from one ion to another of a one
dimensional lattice. We show that the ground state energy of such system, as a
functional of the ionic configurations, has local minima in correspondence of
configurations described by smooth ${\pi\over p_F}$ periodic functions, if the
interaction is repulsive and large enough and $p_F$ is the Fermi momentum of
the electrons. This means physically that a $d=1$ metal develop a periodic
distortion of its reticular structure (Peierls instability). The minima are
found solving the Eulero-Lagrange equations of the energy by a contraction
method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129608 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic binaries in a sample of ROSAT X-ray sources south of the


  We report the results of our radial-velocity monitoring of spectroscopic
binary systems in a sample of X-ray sources from the ROSAT All Sky Survey south
of the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. The original sample of approximately
120 sources by Neuhaeuser et al. was selected on the basis of their X-ray
properties and the visual magnitude of the nearest optical counterpart, in such
a way as to promote the inclusion of young objects. Roughly 20% of those
sources have previously been confirmed to be very young. We focus here on the
subset of the original sample that shows variable radial velocities (43
objects), a few of which have also been flagged previously as being young. New
spectroscopic orbits are presented for 42 of those systems. Two of the
binaries, RXJ0528.9+1046 and RXJ0529.3+1210, are indeed weak-lined T Tauri
stars likely to be associated with the Lambda Orionis region. Most of the other
binaries are active objects of the RS CVn-type, including several W UMa and
Algol systems. We detect a strong excess of short-period binaries compared to
the field, and an unusually large fraction of double-lined systems, as well as
an overall high frequency of binaries out of the original sample. These results
can be understood as selection effects. A short description of the physical
properties of each binary is provided, and a comparison with evolutionary
tracks is made using the stellar density as a distance-independent measure of
evolution (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98924 </DOCNO>
The geometry of the local cohomology filtration in equivariant bordism


  Local cohomology techniques in equivariant homotopy theory, introduced by
John Greenlees, may be applied to understand homology of classifying spaces
through other equivariant data. In this paper we relate the local cohomology
filtration to the families filtration. By doing so, we may identify geometry
codified by the local cohomology filtration in the setting of equivariant
bordism. The constructions which arise are naturally analyzed by localized
K-theory machinery due to Atiyah and Segal, which we review.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3094 </DOCNO>
Charge kinks as Raman scatterers in quarter-filled ladders


  Charge kinks are considered as fundamental excitations in quarter-filled
charge-ordered ladders. The strength of the coupling of the kinks to the
three-dimensional lattice depends on their energy. The integrated intensity of
Raman scattering by kink-antikink pairs is proportional to $\phi ^{5}$ or $\phi
^{4},$ where $\phi $ is the order parameter. The exponent is determined by the
system parameters and by the strength of the electron-phonon coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95677 </DOCNO>
Yet another construction of the central extension of the loop group


  We give a characterisation of central extensions of a Lie group G by the
non-zero complex numbers in terms of a differential two-form on G and a
differential one-form on GxG. This is applied to the case of the central
extension of the loop group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72513 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis with SU(5)-inspired mass matrices


  In the baryogenesis via leptogenesis framework the baryonic asymmetry depends
on lepton mass matrices. In a previous paper we used SO(10)-inspired mass
matrices and we found few possibilities to obtain a sufficient level of
asymmetry. In the present paper we use SU(5)-inspired mass matrices, which also
allow to check the dependence of the baryonic asymmetry on Dirac neutrino
masses. In particular, we find that the large mixing matter solution to the
solar neutrino problem, which within SO(10) gives too small asymmetry, can now
be favoured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2654 </DOCNO>
Hot isostatic pressing of bulk magnesium diboride: mechanical and


  Two different hot isostatic pressing cycles (HIPing) were investigated to
synthesize bulk MgB2 samples: a "standard" cycle where a low vessel pressure is
maintained while heating to the process temperature with a subsequent
simultaneous pressure and temperature decrease and a new method - dense
material cooling under pressure (DMCUP). The latter method allowed the
synthesis of dense samples with diameters up to 20 mm and thicknesses up to 10
mm from commercial MgB2 powder. Optimal conditions for the DMCUP method with
glass encapsulation (maximum pressure 200 MPa, maximum temperature 1000 C over
200 min, and cooling under pressure) resulted in a dense material with a sharp
superconducting transition at 38.5 K. This method employs a pressure which is
one order of magnitude less than previously reported for pressure assisted
sintering of dense material and can be scaled to larger sample sizes and
complex shapes. The data for density, microhardness, fracture toughness and
sound speed as well as superconducting properties for bulk magnesium diboride
are presented. Ball milling the powder enhances sintering and results in a more
homogeneous final microstructure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6022 </DOCNO>
Field-Induced SDW and Butterfly Spectrum in Three Dimensions


  Landau's quantization for incompletely nested Fermi surfaces is known to give
rise to magnetic-field-induced spin-density waves(FISDW) in two-dimensional
organic metals. Here we show that three-dimensional(3D) systems can have
3D-specific series of FISDW phases as energetically stable states, for which we
clarify how and why they appear as the magnetic field is tilted. Each phase is
characterized by quantized Hall effect for each of $\sigma_{xy}$ and
$\sigma_{zx}$ that reside on a fractal spectrum like Hofstadter's butterfly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96616 </DOCNO>
Deformation of BF theories, Topological Open Membrane and A


  We consider a deformation of the BF theory in any dimension by means of the
antifield BRST formalism. Possible consistent interaction terms for the action
and the gauge symmetries are analyzed and we find a new class of topological
gauge theories. Deformations of the world volume BF theory are considered as
possible deformations of the topological open membrane. Therefore if we
consider these theories on open membranes, we obtain noncommutative structures
of the boundaries of open membranes, and we propose a generalization of the
path integral representation of the star deformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3722 </DOCNO>
Transmission Phase of a Quantum Dot with Kondo Correlation Near the


  The complex transmission amplitude -- both magnitude and phase -- of a
quantum dot (QD) with Kondo correlation was measured near the unitary limit.
Contrary to previous phase measurements, performed far from this limit [Ji et
al., Science 290, 779 (2000)], the transmission phase was observed to evolve
linearly over a range of about 1.5 pi when the Fermi energy was scanned through
a Kondo pair -- a pair of spin degenerate energy levels. Moreover, the phase in
Coulomb blockade (CB) peak, adjancent to the Kondo pair, retained a memory of
the Kondo correlation and did not exhibit the familiar behavior in the CB
regime. These results do not agree with theoretical predictions, suggesting
that a full explanation may go beyond the framework of the Anderson model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76769 </DOCNO>
A bulk scalar in the braneworld can mimic the 4d inflaton dynamics


  Based on the recently proposed scenario of inflation driven by a bulk scalar
field in the braneworld of the Randall-Sundrum (RS) type, we investigate the
dynamics of a bulk scalar field on the inflating braneworld. We derive the late
time behavior of the bulk scalar field by analyzing the property of the
retarded Green function. We find that the late time behavior is basically
dominated by a single (or a pair of) pole(s) in the Green function irrespective
of the initial condition and of the signature of $m^{2}=V''(\phi)$, where
$V(\phi)$ is the potential of the bulk scalar field. Including the lowest order
back-reaction to the geometry, this late time behavior can be well approximated
by an effective 4-dimensional scalar field with $m^2_{\mathrm{eff}}=m^2/2$. The
mapping to the 4-dimensional effective theory is given by a simple scaling of
the potential with a redefinition of the field. Our result supports the picture
that the scenario of inflation driven by a bulk scalar field works in a quite
similar way to that in the standard 4-dimensional cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7038 </DOCNO>
Effects of adsorbates on submonolayer growth


  The effects of adsorbates on nucleation and growth of two-dimensional islands
is investigated by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and rate equation theory.
The variation of island morphology with adsorbate parameters is discussed and
the temperature-dependence of island density in the case of immobile adsorbates
is studied in detail. A set of rate equations for the description of nucleation
in the presence of predeposited mobile and immobile adsorbates is developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168733 </DOCNO>
Intermolecular energy transfer in the presence of dispersing and


  By making use of the Green function concept of quantization of the
electromagnetic field in Kramers--Kronig consistent media, a rigorous quantum
mechanical derivation of the rate of intermolecular energy transfer in the
presence of arbitrarily shaped, dispersing, and absorbing material bodies is
given. Applications to bulk material, multi-slab planar structures, and
microspheres are studied. It is shown that when the two molecules are near a
planar interface, then surface-guided waves can strongly affect the energy
transfer and essentially modify both the (F\"{o}rster) short-range $R^{-6}$
dependence of the transfer rate and the long-range $R^{-2}$ dependence, which
are typically observed in free space. In particular, enhancement (inhibition)
of energy transfer can be accompanied by inhibition (enhancement) of donor
decay. Results for four- and five-layered planar structures are given and
compared with experimental results. Finally, the energy transfer between two
molecules located at diametrically opposite positions outside a microsphere is
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72447 </DOCNO>
CP Violation and the Scale of Supersymmetry Breaking


  Supersymmetric models with a high supersymmetry breaking scale give, in
general, large contributions to epsilon_K and/or to various electric dipole
moments, even when contributions to CP conserving, flavor changing processes
are sufficiently suppressed. Some examples are models of dilaton dominance,
alignment, non-Abelian flavor symmetries, heavy first two generation sfermions,
anomaly mediation and gaugino mediation. There is then strong motivation for
`approximate CP', that is a situation where all CP violating phases are small.
In contrast, in supersymmetric models with a low breaking scale it is quite
plausible that the CKM matrix is the only source of flavor and CP violation.
Gauge mediation provides a concrete example. Approximate CP is then
unacceptable. Upcoming measurements of the CP asymmetry in B to \psi K_S might
exclude or support the idea of approximate CP and consequently probe the scale
of supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114064 </DOCNO>
An objective lens for efficient fluorescence detection of single atoms


  We present the design of a diffraction limited, long working distance
monochromatic objective lens for efficient light collection. Consisting of four
spherical lenses, it has a numerical aperture of 0.29, an effective focal
length of 36 mm and a working distance of 36.5 mm. This inexpensive system
allows us to detect 8*10^4 fluorescence photons per second from a single cesium
atom stored in a magneto-optical trap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3493 </DOCNO>
Wave Equation for Sound in Fluids with Vorticity


  We use Clebsch potentials and an action principle to derive a closed system
of gauge invariant equations for sound superposed on a general background flow.
Our system reduces to the Unruh (1981) and Pierce (1990) wave equations when
the flow is irrotational, or slowly varying. We illustrate our formalism by
applying it to waves propagating in a uniformly rotating fluid where the sound
modes hybridize with inertial waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148817 </DOCNO>
Covariant Quantization of the Superparticle Using Pure Spinors


  The ten-dimensional superparticle is covariantly quantized by constructing a
BRST operator from the fermionic Green-Schwarz constraints and a bosonic pure
spinor variable. This same method was recently used for covariantly quantizing
the superstring, and it is hoped that the simpler case of the superparticle
will be useful for those who want to study this quantization method. It is
interesting that quantization of the superparticle action closely resembles
quantization of the worldline action for Chern-Simons theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73310 </DOCNO>
Limitations of the $\Phi$ measure of fluctuations in event-by-event


  We provide a critical overview of the $\Phi$ measure of fluctuations and
correlations. In particular we show that its discriminating power is rather
limited in situations encountered in experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124081 </DOCNO>
Monitoring of the optical and 2.5-11.7 micron spectrum and mid-IR


  Mid-infrared images of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 279 obtained with the ISO
satellite are presented together with the results of a one-year monitoring
campaign of the 2.5-11.7 micron spectrum. Contemporaneous optical photometric
and spectrophotometric observations are also presented. The galaxy appears as a
point-like source at the resolution of the ISOCAM instrument, 4-5". The
2.5-11.7 micron average spectrum of the nucleus in Mrk 279 shows a strong power
law continuum with a spectral index alpha = -0.80+/-0.05 and weak PAH emission
features. The Mrk 279 spectral energy distribution shows a mid-IR bump, which
extends from 2 to 15-20 micron . The mid-IR bump is consistent with thermal
emission from dust grains at a distance of >= 100 light-days. No significant
variations of the mid-IR flux have been detected during our observing campaign,
consistent with the relatively low amplitude (~10 % rms) of the optical
variability during the campaign. The time delay for the Hbeta line emission in
response to the optical continuum variations is 16.7 +5.3/5.6 days, consistent
with previous measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98411 </DOCNO>
Integrals over Grassmannians and Random permutations


  In testing the independence of two Gaussian populations, one computes the
distribution of the sample canonical correlation coefficients, given that the
actual correlation is zero. The "Laplace transform" of this distribution is not
only an integral over the Grassmannian of p-dimensional planes in complex
n-space, but is also related to a generalized hypergeometric function. Such
integrals are solutions of Painlev\'e-like equations. They also have
expansions, related to random words of length l formed with an alphabet of p
letters. Given that each letter appears in the word, the maximal length of the
disjoint union of p increasing subsequences of the word clearly equals l. But
the maximal length of the disjoint union of p-1 increasing subsequences leads
to a non-trivial distribution. It is precisely this probability which appears
in the expansion above.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150268 </DOCNO>
Generalized Gauge Transformations and Regularized $\lambda\phi^{4}$-type


  Abelian Lagrangians containing $\lambda\phi^{4}$-type vertices are
regularized by means of a suitable point-splitting scheme combined with
generalized gauge transformations. The calculation is developped in details for
a general Lagrangian whose fields (gauge and matter ones) satisfy usual
conditions. We illustrate our results by considering some special cases, such
as the $(\bar{\psi}\psi)^{2}$ and the Avdeev-Chizhov models. Possible
application of our results to the Abelian Higgs model, whenever spontaneous
symmetry breaking is considered, is also discussed. We also pay attention to a
number of features of the point-split action such as the regularity and
non-locality of its new ``interacting terms''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85993 </DOCNO>
Introduction to relativistic astrophysics and cosmology through Maple


  The basics of the relativistic astrophysics including the celestial mechanics
in weak field, black holes and cosmological models are illustrated and analyzed
by means of Maple 6

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73469 </DOCNO>
General Flavor Blind MSSM and CP Violation


  We study the implications on flavor changing neutral current and CP violating
processes in the context of supersymmetric theories without a new flavor
structure (flavor blind supersymmetry). The low energy parameters are
determined by the running of the soft breaking terms from the grand unified
scale with SUSY phases consistent with the EDM constraints. We find that the CP
asymmetry in b --> s gamma can reach large values potentially measurable at B
factories, especially in the low BR(b --> s gamma) region. We perform a fit of
the unitarity triangle including all the relevant observables. In this case, no
sizeable deviations from the SM expectations are found. Finally we analyze the
SUSY contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon pointing out
its impact on the b --> s gamma CP asymmetry and on the SUSY spectrum including
chargino and stop masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113999 </DOCNO>
Further study of the Over-Barrier Model to compute charge exchange


  In this paper we study theoretically the process of electron capture between
one-optical-electron atoms (e.g. hydrogenlike or alkali atoms) and ions at
low-to-medium impact velocities ($v/v_e \approx 1$) working on a modification
of an already developed classical In this work we present an improvement over
the Over Barrier Model (OBM) described in a recent paper [F. Sattin, Phys. Rev.
A {\bf 62}, 042711 (2000)]. We show that: i) one of the two free parameters
there introduced actually comes out consistently from the starting assumptions
underlying the model; ii) the modified model thus obtained is as much accurate
as the former one. Furthermore, we show that OBMs are able to accurately
predict some recent results of state selective electron capture, at odds with
what previously supposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41402 </DOCNO>
First Measurement of $\Gamma(D*+)$


  We present the first measurement of the D*+ width using 9/fb of e+e- data
collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the CLEO II.V detector. Our method
uses advanced tracking techniques and a reconstruction method that takes
advantage of the small vertical size of the CESR beam spot to measure the
energy release distribution from the D*+ -> D0 pi+ decay. We find the D*+ width
equals 96+/-4(Statistical)+/-22(Systematic) keV. We also measure the energy
release in the decay and compute m(D*+)-m(D0) =
145.412+/-0.002(Statistical)+/-0.012(Systematic) MeV/c**2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124218 </DOCNO>
The Formation of the First Stars. I. The Primordial Star Forming Cloud


  To constrain the nature of the very first stars, we investigate the collapse
and fragmentation of primordial, metal-free gas clouds. We explore the physics
of primordial star formation by means of three-dimensional simulations of the
dark matter and gas components, using smoothed particle hydrodynamics, under a
wide range of initial conditions, including the initial spin, the total mass of
the halo, the redshift of virialization, the power spectrum of the DM
fluctuations, the presence of HD cooling, and the number of particles employed
in the simulation. We find characteristic values for the temperature, T ~ a few
100 K, and the density, n ~ 10^3-10^4 cm^-3, characterising the gas at the end
of the initial free-fall phase. These values are rather insensitive to the
initial conditions. The corresponding Jeans mass is M_J ~ 10^3 M_sun. The
existence of these characteristic values has a robust explanation in the
microphysics of H2 cooling, connected to the minimum temperature that can be
reached with the H2 coolant, and to the critical density at which the
transition takes place betweeb levels being populated according to NLTE, and
according to LTE.
  In all cases, the gas dissipatively settles into an irregular, central
configuration which has a filamentary and knotty appearance. The fluid regions
with the highest densities are the first to undergo runaway collapse due to
gravitational instability, and to form clumps with initial masses ~ 10^3 M_sun,
close to the characteristic Jeans scale. These results suggest that the first
stars might have been quite massive, possibly even very massive with M_star >
100 M_sun.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150127 </DOCNO>
Energy spectrum of the relativistic Dirac-Morse problem


  We derive an elegant analytic formula for the energy spectrum of the
relativistic Dirac-Morse problem, which has been solved recently. The new
formula displays the properties of the spectrum more vividly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76537 </DOCNO>
Recent Results from PHENIX


  I report on results from the PHENIX collaboration for the first RHIC run,
where gold ions were collided at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV$.
  In order to study initial conditions, PHENIX has measured the ratio between
anti-protons and protons, the transverse energy, and charged multiplicity as a
function of collision centrality. These measurements allows us to extract some
information on the initial density of created partons, the baryon density, the
energy density, and particle production. In order to probe the formation of a
possible new state of matter, PHENIX has measured the neutral pion and
unidentified hadron transverse momentum spectra. We find a deficit compared to
the the expectations from simple nucleon-nucleon scaling. These novel results
are consistent with expectations that high $p_T$ leading particles will be
suppressed in the presence of the formation of a plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128653 </DOCNO>
Polarized Foregrounds Power Spectra vs CMB


  We briefly review our work about the polarized foreground contamination of
the Cosmic Microwave Background maps. We start by summarizing the main
properties of the polarized cosmological signal, resulting in "electric" (E)
and "magnetic" (B) components of the polarization tensor field on the sky. Then
we describe our present understanding of sub-degree anisotropies from Galactic
synchrotron and from extra-Galactic point sources. We discuss their
contamination of the cosmological E and B modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4903 </DOCNO>
Ground State Energy Fluctuations of a System Coupled to a Bath


  It is often argued that a small non-degenerate quantum system coupled to a
bath has a fixed energy in its ground state since a fluctuation in energy would
require an energy supply from the bath. We consider a simple model of a
harmonic oscillator (the system) coupled to a linear string and determine the
mean squared energy fluctuations. We also analyze the two time correlator of
the energy and discuss its behavior for a finite string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1131 </DOCNO>
Mott transition and heavy fermion state in the pyrochlore Hubbard model


  We investigate the interplay between geometrical frustration and strong
electron correlation based upon the pyrochlore Hubbard model. In the
half-filling case, using the perturbative expansion in terms of electron
correlation, we show that the self-energy shows a divergent behavior leading
the system into the Mott insulating state, in which quantum disordered spin
liquid without magnetic long-range order realizes. In the hole-doped case, we
obtain heavy-fermion-like Fermi liquid state. We also calculate the neutron
cross section which is well consistent with recent neutron scattering
experiments for itinerant pyrochlore systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76154 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark production at HERA in k_t factorization supplemented with


  The application of k_t - factorization, supplemented with the CCFM small-x
evolution equation, to heavy quark production is discussed. Differential cross
sections of b-b_bar production and also inelastic J/psi production as measured
at HERA are compared to the hadron level CCFM Monte Carlo generator CASCADE,
using the unintegrated gluon density obtained within the CCFM evolution
approach from a fit to HERA F_2 data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76076 </DOCNO>
A Road to the Standard Grand Unified Theory


  In this talk, we propose a GUT scenario in which doublet-triplet splitting is
naturally realized in SO(10) unification using the Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism
and the realistic mass matrices of quarks and leptons are obtained in a simple
way. For the neutrino sector, bi-maximal neutrino mixing angles are realized.
Moreover, the generic interaction is allowed, namely, all the terms which are
allowed by the symmetry are included in the scenario. Therefore, once we fix
the integer number charges of the anomalous U(1)_A symmetry, which plays an
essential role in the scenario, all the scales, GUT breaking scale, mass scales
of superheavy particles, are determined. The scenario can be extended into E_6
unification, in which a condition for suppression of flavor changing neutral
current (FCNC) is automatically satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2347 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein Condensates with Large Number of Vortices


  We show that as the number of vortices in a three dimensional
Bose-Einstein Condensate increases, the system reaches a "quantum Hall" regime
where the density profile is a Gaussian in the xy-plane and an inverted
parabolic profile along z. The angular momentum of the system increases as
the vortex lattice shrinks. However, Coriolis force prevents the unit cell of
the vortex lattice from shrinking beyond a minimum size. Although the recent
MIT experiment is not exactly in the quantum Hall regime, it is close enough
for the present results to be used as a guide. The quantum Hall regime can be
easily reached by moderate changes of the current experimental parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126401 </DOCNO>
Properties of a Molecular Cloud in NGC 185


  The dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 185- the closest early-type galaxy with
detectable molecular gas- offers a unique opportunity for high angular
resolution studies of the interstellar medium in early-type galaxies. I present
interferometric images (17 pc $\times$ 14 pc resolution) of CO emission from
NGC 185. The majority of the molecular gas in NGC 185 is in one resolved cloud,
closely associated with dust and an HI structure which may be a
photodissociated envelope. The high spatial resolution also reveals a velocity
gradient across the cloud, which allows a dynamical mass estimate independent
of the H2/CO conversion factor or the virial theorem. The linear sizes,
velocity gradients, and dynamical masses of the molecular clouds in NGC 185 and
NGC 205, a similar dwarf elliptical, are comparable to those of the largest
Galactic giant molecular clouds (GMCs). If the dynamical masses of the clouds
are assumed to be good estimates of their true masses, the inferred H2/CO
conversion factor in NGC 185 is at least eight times larger than a standard
Galactic conversion factor, and the reasons for this difference are not yet
understood. In any case, it seems clear that structures similar to Galactic
GMCs can form in small elliptical or early type galaxies, even in the absence
of spiral density waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41781 </DOCNO>
Single Event Effects in the Pixel readout chip for BTeV


  In future experiments the readout electronics for pixel detectors is required
to be resistant to a very high radiation level. In this paper we report on
irradiation tests performed on several preFPIX2 prototype pixel readout chips
for the BTeV experiment exposed to a 200 MeV proton beam. The prototype chips
have been implemented in commercial 0.25 um CMOS processes following radiation
tolerant design rules. The results show that this ASIC design tolerates a large
total radiation dose, and that radiation induced Single Event Effects occur at
a manageable level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4455 </DOCNO>
The asymptotic behaviour of the exact and approximative $\nu=1/2$


  We consider the asymptotic behaviour of the Chern-Simons Green's function of
the $\nu=1/\tilde{\phi}$ system for an infinite area in position-time
representation. We calculate explicitly the asymptotic form of the Green's
function of the interaction free Chern-Simons system for small times. The
calculated Green's function vanishes exponentially with the logarithm of the
area. Furthermore, we discuss the form of the divergence for all $\tau$ and
also for the Coulomb interacting Chern-Simons system. We compare the
asymptotics of the exact Chern-Simons Green's function with the asymptotics of
the Green's function in the Hartree-Fock as well as the random-phase
approximation (RPA). The asymptotics of Hartree-Fock Green's function
correspondence well with the exact Green's function. In the case of the RPA
Green's function we do not get the correct asymptotics. At last, we calculate
the self consistent Hartree-Fock Green's function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1915 </DOCNO>
Mixed lattice and electronic states in high-temperature superconductors


  Inelastic neutron scattering measurements are presented which show the abrupt
development of new oxygen lattice vibrations near the doping-induced
metal-insulator transition in La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4). A direct correlation is
established between these lattice modes and the electronic susceptibility (as
measured by photoemission) inferring that such modes mix strongly with charge
fluctuations. This electron-lattice coupling can be characterized as a
localized one-dimensional response of the lattice to short-ranged metallic
charge fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113726 </DOCNO>
Intermittent Jolts of Galactic UV Radiation: Mutagenetic Effects


  We estimate the frequency of intermittent hypermutation events and
disruptions of planetary/satellite photochemistry due to ultraviolet radiation
from core collapse supernova explosions. Calculations are presented for
planetary systems in the local Milky Way, including the important moderating
effects of vertical Galactic structure and UV absorption by interstellar dust.
The events are particularly frequent for satellites of giant gas planets at
\gtrsim 5-10 AU distance from solar-type parent stars, or in the conventional
habitable zones for planets orbiting spectral type K and M parent stars, with
rates of significant jolts about 10^3 - 10^4 per Gyr. The steep source spectra
and existing data on UVA and longer-wavelength radiation damage in terrestrial
organisms suggest that the mutational effects may operate even on planets with
ozone shields. We argue that the mutation doubling dose for UV radiation should
be much smaller than the mean lethal dose, using terrestrial prokaryotic
organisms as our model, and that jolts may lead to important real-time
evolutionary episodes if the jolt durations are longer than about a week,
corresponding to several hundred generation times, or much less if the
equivalent of mutator genes exist in extraterrestrial organisms. Longer-term
phylogenetic effects are likely if atmospheric photochemical disturbances lead
to niche creation or destruction in relevant habitats.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3221 </DOCNO>
Quantifying Stock Price Response to Demand Fluctuations


  We address the question of how stock prices respond to changes in demand. We
quantify the relations between price change $G$ over a time interval $\Delta t$
and two different measures of demand fluctuations: (a) $\Phi$, defined as the
difference between the number of buyer-initiated and seller-initiated trades,
and (b) $\Omega$, defined as the difference in number of shares traded in buyer
and seller initiated trades. We find that the conditional expectations $<G
>_{\Omega}$ and $<G >_{\Phi}$ of price change for a given $\Omega$ or $\Phi$
are both concave. We find that large price fluctuations occur when demand is
very small --- a fact which is reminiscent of large fluctuations that occur at
critical points in spin systems, where the divergent nature of the response
function leads to large fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97405 </DOCNO>
Triality, exceptional Lie algebras and Deligne dimension formulas


  We give a computer free proof of the Deligne, Cohen and deMan formulas for
the dimensions of the irreducible $g$-modules appearing in the tensor powers of
$g$, where $g$ ranges over the exceptional complex simple Lie algebras. We give
additional dimension formulas for the exceptional series, as well as uniform
dimension formulas for other representations distinguished by Freudenthal along
the rows of his magic chart. Our proofs use the triality model of the magic
square which we review and present a simplified proof of its validity. We
conclude with some general remarks about obtaining "series" of Lie algebras in
the spirit of Deligne and Vogel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98543 </DOCNO>
Homogeneous Backlund transformations of hyperbolic Monge-Ampere systems


  A Backlund transformation between two hyperbolic Monge-Ampere systems may be
described as a certain type of exterior differential system on a 6-dimensional
manifold B. The transformation is homogeneous if the group of symmetries of the
system acts transitively on B. We give a complete classification of homogeneous
Backlund transformations between hyperbolic Monge-Ampere systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76052 </DOCNO>
"Glueballs": results and perspectives from the lattice


  I review the present status of lattice calculations of properties of
gluon-rich hadrons and comment on future prospects, in view of planned
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41123 </DOCNO>
B -> K(*) Kbar(*) Decays: A New Method for Measuring the CP Phase \alpha


  We present a new method for measuring the CP phase \alpha. It requires the
measurement of the pure penguin decays Bd(t) -> K(*) Kbar(*) and B_s -> K(*)
Kbar(*). The method is quite clean: we estimate the theoretical uncertainty to
be at most 5%. By applying the method to several K(*) Kbar(*) final states,
\alpha can be extracted with a fourfold ambiguity. An additional assumption
reduces this ambiguity to twofold: {\alpha, \alpha + \pi}. Since no \pi0
detection is needed, this method can be used at hadron colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113492 </DOCNO>
Hot Points of the Wave Universe Concept: New World of Megaquantization


  We present the brief review of some central problems, anomalies, paradoxes of
Astrophysics, Cosmology and new approaches to its decisions, proposed by the
Wave Universe Concept (WU Concept). All these, anyhow, - Hot Points of modern
science of Universe, about which Standard Model have not authentic answers. The
represented set of brief (justified) Novels reflects very perspective
directions of search. Essential from thems - Headline (and Topics): New
Phenomenon-Megaquantization: Observed Megaquantum Effects in Astronimical
Systems. Internal Structure of Celestial Bodies and Sun. Where is disposes the
Convective Zone? Towards to Stars: Where the Heliopause will be found? Mystery
of the Fine Structure Constant (FSC). Answer of the WU Concept: Theoretical
Representation of the Fine Structure Constant. FSC - As Micro and Mega
Parameter of the Universe. FSC, Orbits, Heliopause. What Quasars with Record
Redshifts will be discovered in Future? Observed Universe: Monotonic
Homogeneity and Anisotropy or Principal Hierarchy? Is the (Large - Scale) Limit
of Universe exist? All answers, proposed by the Wave Universe Concept, in
contrast with speculative schemes of Standard Model, are effectively verified
by experience, including, - and by justified in observations prognoses. It will
be waited, that namely here it is possible the real break in the understanding
of these principal problems and enigmas, which Nature, infinite Universe offers
(to us).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6010 </DOCNO>
Stability of money: Phase transitions in an Ising economy


  The stability of money value is an important requisite for a functioning
economy, yet it critically depends on the actions of participants in the market
themselves. Here we model the value of money as a dynamical variable that
results from trading between agents. The basic trading scenario can be recast
into an Ising type spin model and is studied on the hierarchical network
structure of a Cayley tree. We solve this model analytically and observe a
phase transition between a one state phase, always allowing for a stable money
value, and a two state phase, where an unstable (inflationary) phase occurs.
The onset of inflation is discontinuous and follows a first order phase
transition. The stable phase provides a parameter region where money value is
robust and can be stabilized without fine tuning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97770 </DOCNO>
An inverse problem for the double layer potential


  We consider an inverse problem for the double layer potential which can be
formulated, somewhat loosely, as follows. For which smoothly bounded domains D
in Euclidian space does the operator J, which maps a function on the boundary
to the boundary values of its double layer potential, admit the eigenvalue 1/2.
The question is motivated by Fredholm's solution to the Dirichlet problem by
means of the double layer potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74084 </DOCNO>
Constraining Quintessence with the New CMB Data


  The CMB data recently released by BOOMERANG and MAXIMA suggest that the
anisotropy spectrum has a third peak in the range 800<l_3<900. A combination of
this result with constraints from large-scale structure permit us to
differentiate between different quintessence models. In particular, we find
that inverse power law models with power \alpha >1 are disfavoured. Models with
more than 5% quintessence before last scattering require a spectral index
greater than 1. These constraints are compared with supernovae observations. We
also show that the CMB alone now provides strong evidence for an accelerating
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7234 </DOCNO>
Sculptured Thin Films: Accomplishments and Emerging Uses


  Sculptured thin films (STFs) are nano-engineered materials whose columnar
morphology is tailored to elicit desired optical responses upon excitation. Two
canonical forms of STFs have been identified. Linear constitutive relations for
general STFs as unidirectionally nonhomogeneous (continuously or piecewise
uniformly) and locally bianisotropic continuums are presented, along with a
4$\times$4 matrix ordinary differential equation for wave propagation therein.
A nominal model for the macroscopic properties of linear STFs is devised from
nanoscopic considerations. The accomplished implementation of STFs as circular
polarization filters and spectral hole filters is discussed, as also are
emerging applications such as bioluminescence sensors and optical
interconnects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6494 </DOCNO>
Unnormalized nonextensive expectation value and zeroth law of


  We show an attempt to establish the zeroth law of thermodynamics within the
framework of nonextensive statistical mechanics based on the classic
normalization $\texttt{Tr}\hat{\rho}=1$ and the unnormalized expectation
$x=\texttt{Tr}\hat{\rho}^q\hat{x}$. The first law of thermodynamics and the
definition of heat and work in this formalism are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5995 </DOCNO>
Kinetics of macroion coagulation induced by multivalent counterions


  Due to the strong correlations between multivalent counterions condensed on a
macroion, the net macroion charge changes sign at some critical counterion
concentration. This effect is known as the charge inversion. Near this critical
concentration the macroion net charge is small. Therefore, short range
attractive forces between macroions dominate Coulomb repulsion and lead to
their coagulation. The kinetics of macroion coagulation in this range of
counterion concentrations is studied. We calculate the Coulomb barrier between
two approaching like charged macroions at a given counterion concentration. Two
different macroion shapes (spherical and rod-like) are considered. A new
"self-regulated" regime of coagulation is found. As the size of aggregates
increases, their charge and Coulomb barrier also grow and diminish the sticking
probability of aggregates. This leads to a slow, logarithmic increase of the
aggregate size with time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75551 </DOCNO>
New predictions for inclusive heavy-quarkonium P-wave decays


  We show that some NRQCD colour-octet matrix elements can be written in terms
of (derivatives of) wave functions at the origin and non-perturbative universal
constants once the factorization between the soft and ultrasoft scale is
achieved by using an effective field theory where only ultrasoft degrees of
freedom are kept as dynamical entities. This allows us to derive a new set of
relations between inclusive heavy-quarkonium P-wave decays into light hadrons
with different principal quantum number and with different heavy flavour. In
particular, we can estimate the branching ratios of bottomonium P-wave states
by using charmonium data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96463 </DOCNO>
Points of integral canonical models of Shimura varieties of preabelian


  This work is the first part in a series of three dedicated to the foundations
of integral aspects of Shimura varieties and of Fontaine's categories. It deals
mostly with the unramified context of (arbitrary) mixed characteristic (0,p).
Among the topics covered we mention: the generalization of the classical
Serre-Tate theory of ordinary p-divisible groups and of their canonical lifts,
the generalization of the classical Serre-Tate-Dwork-Katz theory of
(crystalline) coordinates for ordinary abelian varieties, the strong form of
the generalized Manin problem, global deformations in the generalized Shimura
context, Dieudonn\'e's theories (reobtained, simplified and extended), the main
list of stratifications of special fibres of integral canonical models of
Shimura varieties of preabelian type, the uniqueness of such models in mixed
characteristic (0,2), the existence (in many situations) of such models in
mixed characteristic (0,2), steps towards the classification of Shimura
p-divisible groups over algebraically closed field of characteristic p (like
the boundedness principle, the purity principle, Bruhat decompositions in the
F-context, etc.), generalized Serre lemma, connections in Fontaine's
categories, etc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95577 </DOCNO>
Duality for Exotic Bialgebras


  In the classification of Hietarinta, three triangular $4\times 4$
$R$-matrices lead, via the FRT formalism, to matrix bialgebras which are not
deformations of the trivial one. In this paper, we find the bialgebras which
are in duality with these three exotic matrix bialgebras. We note that the
$L-T$ duality of FRT is not sufficient for the construction of the bialgebras
in duality. We find also the quantum planes corresponding to these bialgebras
both by the Wess-Zumino R-matrix method and by Manin's method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99143 </DOCNO>
Limites de fibres vectoriels dans ${\bf M}_{\mathbb{Q}_3}(0,2,0)$


  Let $\mathbb{Q_3}$ the smooth quadric in P^4 (the 4-dimensional projective
space). In this note we completely describe the closure of the open set of
vector bundles in ${\bf M}_{\mathbb{Q}_3}(0,2,0)$. This description gives
another example where the conditions given in math.AG/0112199 for a sheaf to be
limit of vector bundles are necessary and sufficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95454 </DOCNO>
Sur les Formules Explicites I: analyse invariante


  Weil has generalized the Riemann-von Mangoldt explicit formula linking the
prime numbers with the zeros of the zeta function to the set-up of a general
algebraic number field K and Dirichlet-Hecke L-function, revealing in the
process the role played by the completions (finite and infinite) of K. We show
how the local terms of these explicit formulae are explained by the dilaton
invariant ``conductor operator'' log(|x|) + log(|y|). We also check Weil's
positivity criterion under a support condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7534 </DOCNO>
Energy gap, penetration depth and surface resistance of MgB2 thin films


  We have measured the temperature dependence of the microwave surface
impedance Zs = Rs + i\Omega\mu_0 \Lamda of two c-axis oriented MgB2 films at a
frequency \Omega /(2\pi) of 17.9 GHz employing a dielectric (sapphire)
resonator technique. The temperature dependence of the magnetic field
penetration depth \Lamda can be well fitted from 5 K close to Tc by the
standard BCS integral expression assuming the reduced energy gap Delta(0)/kTc
to be as low as 1.13 and 1.03 for the two samples. For the penetration depth at
zero temperatures, values of 110 nm and 115 nm were determined from the fit.
Our results clearly indicates the s-wave character of the order parameter. The
temperature dependence of the surface resistance Rs below Tc/2 is consistent
with the low value of the energy gap. The surface resistance below 8 K was
found to be below the resolution limit of 100 microOhm of our measurement
technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4365 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations and Market Friction in Financial Trading


  We study the relation between stock price changes and the difference in the
number of sell and buy orders. Using a soft spin model, we describe the price
impact of order imbalances and find an analogy to the fluctuation-dissipation
theorem in physical systems. We empirically investigate fluctuations and market
friction for a major US stock and find support for our model calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76551 </DOCNO>
Single particle inclusive spectra, HBT and elliptic flow; a consistent


  In these proceedings we will present the preliminary identified single
particle inclusive spectra, the identified particle elliptic flow and the HBT
versus the reaction plane measured with the STAR detector at RHIC. So far none
of the theoretical space-time models has been able to describe the combination
of these measurements consistently. In order to see if our measurements can be
understood in the context of a simple hydro-motivated blast wave model we
extract the relevant parameters for this model, and show that it leads to a
consistent description of these observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87217 </DOCNO>
Report on A5. Computer Methods


  Session A5 on numerical methods contained talks on colliding black holes,
critical phenomena, investigation of singularities, and computer algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124035 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Warm Dark Matter from Cosmological Reionization


  We study the constraints that high-redshift structure formation in the
universe places on warm dark matter (WDM) dominated cosmological models. We
modify the extended Press-Schechter formalism to derive the halo mass function
in WDM models. We show that our predictions agree with recent numerical
simulations at low redshift over the halo masses of interest. Applying our
model to galaxy formation at high redshift, we find that the loss of power on
small scales, together with the delayed collapse of low-mass objects, results
in strong limits on the root-mean-square velocity dispersion v_rms of the WDM
particles at z=0. For fermions decoupling while relativistic, these limits are
equivalent to constraints on the mass m_X of the particles. The presence of a 4
billion solar mass black hole at z=5.8, believed to power the quasar SDSS
1044-1215, implies m_X > 0.5 keV (or v_rms < 0.10 km/s), assuming that the
quasar is unlensed and radiating at or below the Eddington limit. Reionization
by z=5.8 also implies a limit on m_X. If high-redshift galaxies produce
ionizing photons with an efficiency similar to their z=3 counterparts, we find
m_X > 1.2 keV (or v_rms < 0.03 km/s). However, given the uncertainties in
current measurements from the proximity effect of the ionizing background at
redshift 3, values of m_X as low as 0.75 keV (v_rms = 0.06 km/s) are not ruled
out. The limit weakens further if, instead, the ionizing-photon production
efficiency is greater at high z, but this limit will tighten considerably if
reionization is shown in the future to have occurred at higher redshifts. WDM
models with m_X < 1 keV (v_rms > 0.04 km/s) produce a low-luminosity cutoff in
the high-redshift galaxy luminosity function which is directly detectable with
the Next Generation Space Telescope (abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41248 </DOCNO>
On the Masses of the Leptons, Bosons and Quarks


  A previously developed lepton mass equation is extended to include the
massive bosons and quarks of all three generations. The particles are modeled
as closed, string-like, light front solitons whose key quantum numbers are
their node number n and their winding number omega. The simplicity and form of
the mass equation suggests that the dominant mass effect comes from how the
particles embed themselves in spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97838 </DOCNO>
A sharp bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of subspace


  We show that the ideal of an arrangement of d linear subspaces of projective
space is d-regular in the sense of Castelnuovo and Mumford, answering a
question of B. Sturmfels. In particular this implies that the ideal of an
arrangement of d subspaces is generated in degrees less than or equal to d.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126110 </DOCNO>
FUSE Observations of Warm Absorbers in AGN


  In a survey of the UV-brightest AGN using the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic
Explorer (FUSE), we commonly find associated absorption in the O VI 1032,1038
resonance doublet. Of 34 Type I AGN observed to date with z < 0.15, 16 show
detectable O VI absorption. Most absorption systems show multiple components
with intrinsic widths of ~100 km/s spread over a blue-shifted velocity range of
less than 1000 km/s. With the exception of three galaxies (Ton S180, Mrk 478,
and Mrk 279), those galaxies in our sample with existing X-ray or longer
wavelength UV observations also show C IV absorption and evidence of a soft
X-ray warm absorber. In some cases, a UV absorption component has physical
properties similar to the X-ray absorbing gas, but in others there is no clear
physical correspondence between the UV and X-ray absorbing components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2741 </DOCNO>
Momentum Distribution Curves in the Superconducting State


  We demonstrate that the E vs. k dispersion in the superconducting state
extracted from momentum distribution curves differs qualitatively from the
traditional dispersion extracted from energy distribution curves. This occurs
because of a combination of many-body effects and the presence of an energy
gap, along with the associated coherence factors. Analysis of such MDC
dispersions can give important information on the microscopics of high
temperature superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126577 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic simulations of merging clusters of galaxies


  We present the results of high-resolution AP3M+SPH simulations of merging
clusters of galaxies. We find that the compression and shocking of the core gas
during a merger can lead to large increases in bolometric X-ray luminosities
and emission-weighted temperatures of clusters. Cooling flows are completely
disrupted during equal-mass mergers, with the mass deposition rate dropping to
zero as the cores of the clusters collide. The large increase in the cooling
time of the core gas strongly suggests that cooling flows will not recover from
such a merger within a Hubble time. Mergers with subclumps having 1/8th of the
mass of the main cluster are also found to disrupt a cooling flow if the merger
is head-on. However, in this case the entropy injected into the core gas is
rapidly radiated away and the cooling flow restarts within a few Gyr of the
merger. Mergers in which the subcluster has an impact parameter of 500kpc do
not disrupt the cooling flow, although the mass deposition rate is reduced by
\~30%. Finally, we find that equal mass, off-centre mergers can effectively mix
gas in the cores of clusters, while head on mergers lead to very little mixing.
Gas stripped from the outer layers of subclumps results in parts of the outer
layers of the main cluster being well mixed, although they have little effect
on the gas in the core of the cluster. None of the mergers examined here
resulted in the ICM being well mixed globally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75423 </DOCNO>
Decelerating universes older than their Hubble times


  Recent observations suggest that Hubble's constant is large, and hence that
the Universe appears to be younger than some of its constituents. The
traditional escape route, which assumes that the expansion is accelerating,
appears to be blocked by observations of Type 1a supernovae, which suggest(ed)
that the Universe is decelerating. These observations are reconciled in a model
in which the Universe has experienced an inflationary phase in the recent past,
driven by an ultra-light inflaton whose Compton wavelength is of the same order
as the Hubble radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98737 </DOCNO>
Coherent States from Combinatorial Sequences


  We construct coherent states using sequences of combinatorial numbers such as
various binomial and trinomial numbers, and Bell and Catalan numbers. We show
that these states satisfy the condition of the resolution of unity in a natural
way. In each case the positive weight functions are given as solutions of
associated Stieltjes or Hausdorff moment problems, where the moments are the
combinatorial numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125063 </DOCNO>
Possible Method to Reconstruct the Cosmic Equation of State from Strong


  A possible method to reconstruct the cosmic equation of state using strong
gravitational lensing systems is proposed. The feasibility of the method is
investigated by carrying out the reconstruction on the basis of a simple
Monte-Carlo simulation. We show that the method can work and that the cosmic
equation of state $w(z)$ can be determined within errors of $\Delta w\sim
\pm0.1$ -- $\pm0.2$ when a sufficiently large number of lensing systems ($N\sim
20$) for $z\simlt 1$ are precisely measured. Statistics of lensed sources in a
wide and deep survey like the SDSS are also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1316 </DOCNO>
Turbulent self-organized criticality


  In the prototype sandpile model of self-organized criticality time series
obtained by decomposing avalanches into waves of toppling show intermittent
fluctuations. The q-th moments of wave size differences possess local
multiscaling and global simple scaling regimes analogous to those holding for
velocity structure functions in fluid turbulence. The correspondence involves
identity of a basic scaling relation and of the form of relevant probability
distributions. The sandpile provides a qualitative analog of many features of
turbulent phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114020 </DOCNO>
Folding DNA into nucleosome and chromatin: dynamics


  A theoretical framework for evaluating the approximate energy and dynamic
properties associated with the folding of DNA into nucleosomes and chromatin is
presented. For this purpose experimentally determined elastic constants of
linear DNA and a simple fold geometry are assumed to derive constants for the
higher order folding. The model predicts the correct order of magnitude for the
experimentally determined Young's and shear modulus of condensed chromatin.
Thus we have demonstrated that the elastic properties of DNA are the primary
determinant of the elastic properties of each folded state. The derived elastic
constants are then used to predict the speed of propagation of small amplitude
waves. It is shown that extension/compression, twist, bend or shear waves can
be excite in each folded state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86396 </DOCNO>
Quantization and entropy of black holes


  The spectrum of the area operator for a Schwarzschild black hole in loop
quantum gravity is fixed by the demand that the entropy of a black hole is
maximum. This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due a crucial error in
the derivation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98714 </DOCNO>
Generalized domino-shuffling


  The problem of counting tilings of a plane region using specified tiles can
often be recast as the problem of counting (perfect) matchings of some subgraph
of an Aztec diamond graph $A_n$, or more generally calculating the sum of the
weights of all the matchings, where the weight of a matching is equal to the
product of the (pre-assigned) weights of the constituent edges (assumed to be
non-negative). This article presents efficient algorithms that work in this
context to solve three problems: finding the sum of the weights of the
matchings of a weighted Aztec diamond graph $A_n$; computing the probability
that a randomly-chosen matching of $A_n$ will include a particular edge (where
the probability of a matching is proportional to its weight); and generating a
matching of $A_n$ at random. The first of these algorithms is equivalent to a
special case of Mihai Ciucu's cellular complementation algorithm and can be
used to solve many of the same problems. The second of the three algorithms is
a generalization of not-yet-published work of Alexandru Ionescu, and can be
employed to prove an identity governing a three-variable generating function
whose coefficients are all the edge-inclusion probabilities; this formula has
been used as the basis for asymptotic formulas for these probabilities, but a
proof of the generating function identity has not hitherto been published. The
third of the three algorithms is a generalization of the domino-shuffling
algorithm described by Elkies, Kuperberg, Larsen and Propp; it enables one to
generate random ``diabolo-tilings of fortresses'' and thereby to make
intriguing inferences about their asymptotic behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129654 </DOCNO>
Deep HST-WFPC2 photometry of NGC 288. I. Binary Systems and Blue


  We present the first results of a deep WFPC2 photometric survey of the loose
galactic globular cluster NGC 288. The fraction of binary systems is estimated
from the color distribution of objects near the Main Sequence (MS) with a
method analogous to that introduced by Rubenstein & Bailyn(1997). We have
unequivocally detected a significant population of binary systems which has a
radial distribution that has been significantly influenced by mass segregation.
In the inner region of the cluster (r<1 r_h = 1.6 r_c) the binary fraction
(f_b) lies in the range 0.08--0.38 regardless of the assumed distribution of
mass ratios, F(q). The most probable f_b lies between 0.10 and 0.20 depending
on the adopted F(q). On the other hand, in the outer region (r> 1 r_h), f_b
must be less than 0.10, and the most likely value is 0.0, independently of the
adopted F(q). The detected population of binaries is dominated by primordial
systems. The specific frequency of Blue Straggler Stars (BSS) is exceptionally
high, suggesting that the BSS production mechanism via binary evolution can be
very efficient. A large population of BSS is possible even in low density
environments if a sufficient reservoir of primordial binaries is available. The
observed distribution of BSS in the Color Magnitude Diagram is not compatible
with a rate of BSS production which has been constant in time, if it is assumed
that all the BSS are formed by the merging of two stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77065 </DOCNO>
Time-varying coupling strengths, nuclear forces and unification


  We investigate the dependence of the nucleon-nucleon force in the deuteron
system on the values of coupling strengths at high energy, which will in
general depend on the geometry of extra dimensions. The stability of deuterium
at all times after nucleosynthesis sets a bound on the time variation of the
ratio of the QCD confinement scale to light quark masses. We discuss the
relation between this ratio, which is exponentially sensitive to high-energy
couplings, and fundamental parameters, in various classes of unified theory.
The binding energy of the deuteron is also expected to have an important effect
on nucleosynthesis and we quantify this effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41026 </DOCNO>
Study of Rare B Meson Decays at Belle


  In this paper, we briefly review results on rare decays of $B$ mesons from
the Belle experiment, based on 10.4 fb$^{-1}$ data collected on the
$\Upsilon$(4S) resonance. The topics include measurements of Cabibbo suppressed
decays $B \to D^{(*)} K^{(*)}$, charmless two-body decays $B \to \pi\pi$,
$K\pi$, $KK$ and $B \to \eta^{'} h (h = K^+, \pi^+, K^0)$, and a search for
flavor changing neutral current decays $B \to K^{(*)} \ell^{+} \ell^{-}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148810 </DOCNO>
Geometrical interpretation of D-branes in gauged WZW models


  We show that one can construct D-branes in parafermionic and WZW theories
(and their orbifolds) which have very natural geometrical interpretations, and
yet are not automatically included in the standard Cardy construction of
D-branes in rational conformal field theory. The relation between these
theories and their T-dual description leads to an analogy between these
D-branes and the familiar A-branes and B-branes of N=2 theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125299 </DOCNO>
On Star Formation Rates in Dwarf Galaxies


  We present evolutionary synthesis models of starbursts on top of old stellar
populations to investigate in detailed time evolution the relation between Ha
luminosity and star formation rate (SFR). The models show that several effects
have an impact on the ratio between L(Ha) and SFR. Metallicity different from
solar abundance, a time delay between star formation and maximum Ha-luminosity,
and a varying stellar initial mass function give rise to strong variations in
the ratio of Ha luminosity to SFR and can cause large errors in the
determination of the SFR when employing well-known calibrations. When studying
star-bursting dwarf galaxies, and sub-galactic fragments at high redshift,
which show SFR fluctuating on short timescales, these effects can add up to
errors of two orders of magnitude compared with the calibrations. To accurately
determine the true current SFR additional data in combination with models for
the spectral energy distribution are needed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 189 </DOCNO>
Tunnelling Effects in a Brane System and Quantum Hall Physics


  We argue that a system of interacting D-branes, generalizing a recent
proposal, can be modelled as a Quantum Hall fluid. We show that tachyon
condensation in such a system is equivalent to one particle tunnelling. In a
conformal field theory effective description, that induces a transition from a
theory with central charge c=2 to a theory with c=3/2, with a corresponding
symmetry enhancement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86585 </DOCNO>
Model of graviton-dusty universe


  Primary features of a new cosmological model, which is based on conjectures
about an existence of the graviton background and superstrong gravitational
quantum interaction, are considered. An expansion of the universe is impossible
in such the model because of deceleration of massive objects by the graviton
background, which is similar to the one for the NASA deep space probes Pioneer
10, 11. Redshifts of remote objects are caused in the model by interaction of
photons with the graviton background, and the Hubble constant depends on an
intensity of interaction and an equivalent temperature of the graviton
background. Virtual massive gravitons would be dark matter particles. They
transfer energy, lost by luminous matter radiation, which in a final stage may
be collected with black holes and other massive objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126557 </DOCNO>
ASCA Observation of MS 1603.6+2600 (=UW Coronae Borealis): a Dipping


  MS 1603.6+2600 is a high-latitude X-ray binary with a 111 min orbital period,
thought to be either an unusual cataclysmic variable or an unusual low-mass
X-ray binary. In an ASCA observation in 1997 August, we find a burst, whose
light curve suggests a Type I (thermonuclear flash) origin. We also find an
orbital X-ray modulation in MS 1603.6+2600, which is likely to be periodic
dips, presumably due to azimuthal structure in the accretion disk. Both are
consistent with this system being a normal low-mass X-ray binary harboring a
neutron star, but at a great distance. We tentatively suggest that MS
1603.6+2600 is located in the outer halo of the Milky Way, perhaps associated
with the globular cluster Palomar 14, 11 degrees away from MS 1603.6+2600 on
the sky at an estimated distance of 73.8 kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83813 </DOCNO>
Integrating Multiple Knowledge Sources for Robust Semantic Parsing


  This work explores a new robust approach for Semantic Parsing of unrestricted
texts. Our approach considers Semantic Parsing as a Consistent Labelling
Problem (CLP), allowing the integration of several knowledge types (syntactic
and semantic) obtained from different sources (linguistic and statistic). The
current implementation obtains 95% accuracy in model identification and 72% in
case-role filling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179124 </DOCNO>
Towards thermodynamical consistency of qusiparticle picture


  The purpose of the present article is to call attention to some realistic
quasiparticle-based description of the quark/gluon matter and its consistent
implementation in thermodynamics. A simple and transparent representation of
the thermodynamical consistency conditions is given. This representation allows
one to review critically and systemize available phenomenological approaches to
the deconfinement problem with respect to their thermodynamical consistency. A
particular attention is paid to the development of a method for treating the
string screening in the dense matter of unbound color charges. The proposed
method yields an integrable effective pair potential which can be incorporated
into the mean-field picture. The results of its application are in reasonable
agreement with lattice data on the QCD thermodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4020 </DOCNO>
The effect of charge fluctuation on a normal-superconducting-normal


  We theoretically investigate quantum fluctuation of charge between even and
odd states of a normal-superconducting-normal single-electron tunneling
transistor. It is shown that due to the superconducting gap, the charge
fluctuation in the Coulomb blockade regime for even state is larger than that
for odd state. We show that large energy correction in the former regime caused
by charge fluctuation can be explained by considering the charging energy
renormalization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1273 </DOCNO>
Thermostatistics of The G-on Gas


  In this study, The particles of the quantum gases, namely bosons and fermions
are regarded as g-ons by the paremeter of the fractional exclusion statistics
g. With this point of departure, the distribution function of the g-on gas is
obtained by the variational, steepest descent and statistical methods. The
distribution functions which are found by means of these three methods are
compared. It is seen that the thermostatistical formulations of the quantum
gases can be unified. By suitable choices of g standard relations of
statistical mechanics of the Bose and Fermi systems are recovered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97416 </DOCNO>
Geometric realization and K-theoretic decomposition of C*-algebras


  Suppose that A is a separable C*-algebra and that G_* is a (graded) subgroup
of K_*(A). Then there is a natural short exact sequence 0 \to G_* \to K_*(A)
\to K_*(A)/G_* \to 0.
  In this note we demonstrate how to geometrically realize this sequence at the
level of C*-algebras. As a result, we KK-theoretically decompose A as 0 \to
A\otimes \Cal K \to A_f \to SA_t \to 0 where K_*(A_t) is the torsion subgroup
of K_*(A) and K_*(A_f) is its torsionfree quotient. Then we further decompose
A_t : it is KK-equivalent to \oplus_p A_p where K_*(A_p) is the p-primary
subgroup of the torsion subgroup of K_*(A). We then apply this realization to
study the Kasparov group K^*(A) and related objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6082 </DOCNO>
Large Thermopower in Metallic Oxides: Misfit Cobaltites and


  Two different kinds of metal transition oxides have been studied for their
large thermopower values. The first one corresponds to the Tl-based misfit
cobaltite which is a hole-doped metal. We demonstrate that the partial
Bi-substitution for Tl in this phase induces an increase of the room
temperature (RT) thermopower (TEP) value. Same result is obtained with the new
Pb_{1/3}SrCoO_{3+delta} misfit corresponding to the Tl complete replacement by
lead. Simultaneously, the T dependence of their resistivity exhibits a
re-entrance below 70-90K where a large negative magnetoresistance is observed.
Magnetic measurements reveal a strong interplay between spins and charges for
this class of materials. Electron-doped (n-type) perovskite manganites are a
second class of potential candidates for applications. In particular, the
Ru^{4+/5+} substitution for Mn in the CaMnO_3 semi-conductor induces a drastic
drop of the resistivity values. Metals with large RT TEP values and not too
large thermal conductivities are generated. A comparison with best known
materials, Bi_2Te_3 and NaCo_2O_4 is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128233 </DOCNO>
Sky Confusion Noise in the Far-Infrared: Cirrus, Galaxies and the Cosmic


  We examined the sky confusion noise in 40 sky regions by analysing 175
far-infrared (90--200 $\mu$m) maps obtained with ISOPHOT, the photometer
on-board the Infrared Space Observatory. For cirrus fields with $\rm < \rm B >
> 5$ MJysr$^{-1}$ the formula based on IRAS data (Helou & Beichman,
\cite{Helou+Beichman_90}) predicts confusion noise values within a factor of 2
to our measurements. The dependence of the sky confusion noise on the surface
brightness was determined for the wavelength range 90 $\le \lambda \le$ 200
$\mu$m. We verified that the confusion noise scales as N ~ <B>^{1.5},
independent of the wavelength and confirmed N ~ lambda^{2.5}$ for lambda >=
100$um. The scaling of the noise value at different separations between target
and reference positions was investigated for the first time, providing a
practical formula. Since our results confirm the applicability of the Helou &
Beichman (1990) formula, the cirrus confusion noise predictions made for future
space missions with telescopes of a similar size can be trusted. At 90 and
170um a noise term with a Poissonian spatial distribution was detected in the
faintest fields (<B> <= 3-5 MJysr^{-1}), which we interpret as fluctuations in
the Cosmic Far-Infrared Background (CFIRB). Applying ratios of the fluctuation
amplitude to the absolute level of 10% and 7% at 90 and 170um, respectively, as
supported by model calculations, we achieved a new simultaneous determination
of the fluctuation amplitudes and the surface brightness of the CFIRB. The
fluctuation amplitudes are 7(+/-)2 mJy and 15(+/-)4 mJy at 90 and 170um,
respectively. We obtained a CFIRB surface brightness of B(0)=0.8(+/-)0.2
MJysr^{-1} (nuI_nu=14(+/-)3nWm^-2sr^-1) at 170um and an upper limit of 1.1
MJysr^{-1} (nuI_nu=37 nWm^-2sr^-1) at 90um.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98351 </DOCNO>
Lucas polynomials and a standard Lax representation for the polytropic


  A standard Lax representation for the polytropic gas dynamics is derived by
exploiting various properties of the Lucas and Fibonacci polynomials. The two
infinite sets of conserved charges are derived from this representation and
shown to coincide with the ones derived from the known non-standard
representation. The same Lax function is shown to also give the standard Lax
description for the elastic medium equations. In addition, some results on
possible dispersive extensions of such models are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127762 </DOCNO>
Population Synthesis in the Blue I. Synthesis of the Integrated Spectrum


  We perform an empirical synthesis of the blue integrated spectrum of the
metal-rich globular cluster 47 Tucanae, based directly on the color-magnitude
diagram of the cluster coupled to a moderately high-resolution spectral
library. Freed from any significant dependence on theory, we are able to
perform a fundamental test of the adequacy of the spectral library and its
associated stellar parameters. Excellent fits are achieved for almost all
absorption-line indices studied, provided the computations are corrected for
two limitations of the spectral library, namely, the lack of a representative
set of metal-poor giants and the absence of CN-strong stars. The latter effect
is corrected by means of spectrum synthesis from model photospheres,
considering the abundance pattern of CN-strong and CN-normal stars. We also
need to perform a slight correction of the metallicity of the cluster (by
--0.05 dex in relation to the standard value [Fe/H]=-0.7) in order to match the
metal-line index measurements in the cluster spectrum. After these relatively
small adjustments, the overall spectral agreement is good. Good fits are
achieved for Hbeta, Hgamma, Mgb, <Fe>, Ca4227 and Fe4383, and only Hdelta_F is
overpredicted. Thus, ages inferred from Hdelta_F are slightly older than the
ages based on the other Balmer lines, by ~ 3 Gyrs. The success of this exercise
suggests that previous failures to synthesize the spectrum of 47 Tuc must have
arisen from inadequacies in the theoretical evolutionary isochrones and/or
luminosity functions. Such a possibility is considered in a companion paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3214 </DOCNO>
The Index of a Ginsparg-Wilson Dirac operator


  A novel feature of a Ginsparg-Wilson lattice Dirac operator is discussed.
Unlike the Dirac operator for massless fermions in the continuum, this lattice
Dirac operator does not possess topological zero modes for any
topologically-nontrivial background gauge fields, even though it is
exponentially-local, doublers-free, and reproduces correct axial anomaly for
topologically-trivial gauge configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129389 </DOCNO>
Astronomical Seeing from the Summits of the Antarctic Plateau


  From the South Pole, microthermal turbulence within a narrow surface boundary
layer some 200m thick provides the dominant contribution to the astronomical
seeing. We present results for the seeing at a wavelength of 2.4um. The narrow
turbulence layer above the site, confined close to the surface, provides
greatly superior conditions for adaptive optics correction than do temperate
latitude sites. An analysis of the available meteorological data for the
Antarctic plateau suggests that sites on its summit, such as Domes A and C,
probably experience significantly better boundary layer seeing than does the
South Pole. In addition, the inversion layers may be significantly narrower,
lending the sites even further to adaptive optics correction than does the
Pole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3346 </DOCNO>
Ripple and kink dynamics


  We propose a relevant modification of the Nishimori-Ouchi model [{\em Phys.
Rev. Lett.} {\bf 71}, 197 (1993)] for granular landscape erosion. We explicitly
introduce a new parameter: the angle of repose $\theta_r$, and a new process:
avalanches. We show that the $\theta_r$ parameter leads to an asymmetry of the
ripples, as observed in natural patterns. The temporal evolution of the maximum
ripple height $h_{max}$ is limited and not linear, according to recent
observations. The ripple symmetry and the kink dynamics are studied and
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124272 </DOCNO>
Pinpointing the massive black hole in the Galactic Center with


  A new statistical method for pinpointing the massive black hole (BH) in the
Galactic Center on the IR grid is presented and applied to astrometric IR
observations of stars close to the BH. This is of interest for measuring the IR
emission from the BH, in order to constrain accretion models; for solving the
orbits of stars near the BH, in order to measure the BH mass and to search for
general relativistic effects; and for detecting the fluctuations of the BH away
from the dynamical center of the stellar cluster, in order to study the stellar
potential. The BH lies on the line connecting the two images of any background
source it gravitationally lenses, and so the intersection of these lines fixes
its position. A combined search for a lensing signal and for the BH shows that
the most likely point of intersection coincides with the center of acceleration
of stars orbiting the BH. This statistical detection of lensing by the BH has a
random probability of ~0.01. It can be verified by deep IR stellar
spectroscopy, which will determine whether the most likely lensed image pair
candidates (listed here) have identical spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84042 </DOCNO>
Towards a characterization of the star-free sets of integers


  Let U be a numeration system, a set X of integers is U-star-free if the set
made up of the U-representations of the elements in X is a star-free regular
language. Answering a question of A. de Luca and A. Restivo, we obtain a
complete logical characterization of the U-star-free sets of integers for
suitable numeration systems related to a Pisot number and in particular for
integer base systems. For these latter systems, we study as well the problem of
the base dependence. Finally, the case of k-adic systems is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169136 </DOCNO>
Limitations on quantum control


  In this note we give an introduction to the topic of quantum control,
explaining what its objectives are, and describing some of its limitations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179580 </DOCNO>
Nuclear masses: evidence of order-chaos coexistence


  Shell corrections are important in the determination of nuclear ground-state
masses and shapes. Although general arguments favor a regular single-particle
dynamics, symmetry-breaking and the presence of chaotic layers cannot be
excluded. The latter provide a natural framework that explains the observed
differences between experimental and computed masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126896 </DOCNO>
X-rays and Protostars in the Trifid Nebula


  The Trifid Nebula is a young HII region recently rediscovered as a
"pre-Orion" star forming region, containing protostars undergoing violent mass
ejections visible in optical jets as seen in images from the Infrared Space
Observatory and the Hubble Space Telescope. We report the first X-ray
observations of the Trifid nebula using ROSAT and ASCA. The ROSAT image shows a
dozen X-ray sources, with the brightest X-ray source being the O7 star, HD
164492, which provides most of the ionization in the nebula. We also identify
85 T Tauri star and young, massive star candidates from near-infrared colors
using the JHKs color-color diagram from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS).
Ten X-ray sources have counterpart near-infrared sources. The 2MASS stars and
X-ray sources suggest there are potentially numerous protostars in the young
HII region of the Trifid. ASCA moderate resolution spectroscopy of the
brightest source shows hard emission up to 10 keV with a clearly detected Fe K
line. The best model fit is a two-temperature (T = 1.2x10^6 K and 39x10^6 K)
thermal model with additional warm absorbing media. The hotter component has an
unusually high temperature for either an O star or an HII region; a typical
Galactic HII region could not be the primary source for such hot temperature
plasma and the Fe XXV line emission. We suggest that the hotter component
originates in either the interaction of the wind with another object (a
companion star or a dense region of the nebula) or from flares from deeply
embedded young stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113648 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Resonant $d\mu t$ Molecular Formation Rate in Solid


  Measurements of muon-catalyzed dt fusion ($d\mu t \to ^4He+n+\mu^-$) in solid
HD have been performed. The theory describing the energy dependent resonant
molecular formation rate for the reaction $\mu t$ + HD $\to [(d\mu t)pee]^*$ is
compared to experimental results in a pure solid HD target. Constraints on the
rates are inferred through the use of a Monte Carlo model developed
specifically for the experiment. From the time-of- flight analysis of fusion
events in 16 and 37 $\mu g\cdot cm^{-2}$ targets, an average formation rate
consistent with 0.897$\pm$(0.046)$_{stat}\pm$ (0.166)$_{syst}$ times the
theoretical prediction was obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169280 </DOCNO>
Quantum filter for non-local polarization properties of photonic qubits


  We present an optical filter that transmits photon pairs only if they share
the same horizontal or vertical polarization, without decreasing the quantum
coherence between these two possibilities. Various applications for
entanglement manipulations and multi-photon qubits are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76851 </DOCNO>
Diquark condensate and quark interaction with instanton liquid


  The interaction of light quarks and instanton liquid is analyzed at finite
density of quark/baryon matter and in the phase of nonzero values of diquark
(colour) condensate. It is shown that instanton liquid perturbation produced by
such an interaction results in an essential increase of the critical value of
quark chemical potential $\mu_c$ which provokes the perceptible increase of
quark matter density around the expected onset of the colour superconductivity
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74048 </DOCNO>
Indirect detection of neutralino dark matter candidates in


  We consider a model for neutralino dark matter candidates arising in
anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking schemes, and examine its testability
through the search for exotic cosmic rays produced by neutralino pair
annihilations in the dark halo of the Galaxy. We find that the model is already
constrained by available antiprotons and positrons measurements and may be
further tested in upcoming measurements of these cosmic ray species. We show
also that the monochromatic gamma-ray flux from neutralino annihilations is
enhanced in this model up to two orders of magnitude with respect to
alternative scenarios. The gamma-ray flux detected by the Energetic Gamma Ray
Experiment Telescope in the direction of the Galactic center exceeds
significantly the theoretical expectation of standard emission models. We prove
that if at least 10% of this excess is due to gamma-ray radiation with
continuum energy spectrum from neutralino annihilations in the model under
investigation, the associated gamma-ray line will be detected by upcoming
gamma-ray experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179730 </DOCNO>
Scattering of vector mesons off nucleons


  We construct a relativistic and unitary approach to 'high' energy pion- and
photon-nucleon reactions taking the $\pi N, \pi \Delta$, $\rho N$, $\omega N$,
$\eta N, K \Lambda, K \Sigma$ final states into account. Our scheme dynamically
generates the s- and d-wave nucleon resonances N(1535), N(1650) and N(1520) and
isobar resonances $\Delta(1620)$ and $\Delta(1700)$ in terms of quasi-local
interaction vertices. The description of photon-induced processes is based on a
generalized vector-meson dominance assumption which directly relates the
electromagnetic quasi-local 4-point interaction vertices to the corresponding
vertices involving the $\rho$ and $\omega$ fields. We obtain a satisfactory
description of the elastic and inelastic pion- and photon-nucleon scattering
data in the channels considered. The resulting s-wave $\rho$- and
$\omega$-nucleon scattering amplitudes are presented. Using these amplitudes we
compute the leading density modification of the $\rho$ and $\omega$ energy
distributions in nuclear matter. We find a repulsive energy shift for the
$\omega $ meson at small nuclear density but predict considerable strength in
resonance-hole like $\omega$-meson modes. Compared to previous calculations our
result for the $\rho$-meson spectral function shows a significantly smaller
in-medium effect. This reflects a fairly small coupling strength of the N(1520)
resonance to the $\rho N$ channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76633 </DOCNO>
gamma* gamma(*) to pi transitions and the pion distribution amplitude


  We discuss what can be learned about the shape of the pion distribution
amplitude from the form factor for gamma* gamma(*) to pi transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129413 </DOCNO>
Outflow 20--2000 AU from a High-Mass Protostar in W51-IRS2


  We present the results of the first high angular resolution observations of
SiO maser emission towards the star forming region W51-IRS2 made with the Very
Large Array (VLA) and Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). Our images of the water
maser emission in W51-IRS2 reveal two maser complexes bracketing the SiO maser
source. One of these water maser complexes appears to trace a bow shock whose
opening angle is consistent with the opening angle observed in the distribution
of SiO maser emission. A comparison of our water maser image with an image
constructed from data acquired 19 years earlier clearly shows the persistence
and motion of this bow shock. The proper motions correspond to an outflow
velocity of 80 km/s, which is consistent with the data of 19 years ago (that
spanned 2 years). We have discovered a two-armed linear structure in the SiO
maser emission on scales of ~25 AU, and we find a velocity gradient on the
order of 0.1 km/s/AU along the arms. We propose that the SiO maser source
traces the limbs of an accelerating bipolar outflow close to an obscured
protostar. We estimate that the outflow makes an angle of <20 degrees with
respect to the plane of the sky. Our measurement of the acceleration is
consistent with a reported drift in the line-of-sight velocity of the W51 SiO
maser source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97410 </DOCNO>
Spectral theory and special functions


  A short introduction to the use of the spectral theorem for self-adjoint
operators in the theory of special functions is given. As the first example,
the spectral theorem is applied to Jacobi operators, i.e. tridiagonal
operators, on l^2(N), leading to a proof of Favard's theorem stating that
polynomials satisfying a three-term recurrence relation are orthogonal
polynomials. We discuss the link to the moment problem. In the second example,
the spectral theorem is applied to Jacobi operators on l^2(Z). We discuss the
theorem of Masson and Repka linking the deficiency indices of a Jacobi operator
on l^2(Z) to those of two Jacobi operators on l^2(N). For two examples of
Jacobi operators on l^2(Z), namely for the Meixner, respectively
Meixner-Pollaczek, functions, related to the associated Meixner, respectively
Meixner-Pollaczek, polynomials, and for the second order hypergeometric
q-difference operator, we calculate the spectral measure explicitly. This gives
explicit (generalised) orthogonality relations for hypergeometric and basic
hypergeometric series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128792 </DOCNO>
Density profiles in a spherical infall model with non-radial motions


  A generalized version of the Spherical Infall Model (SIM) is used to study
the effect of angular momentum on the final density profile of a spherical
structure. The numerical method presented is able to handle a variety of
initial density profiles (scale or not scale free) and no assumption of
self-similar evolution is required. The realistic initial overdensity profiles
used are derived by a CDM power spectrum. We show that the amount of angular
momentum and the initial overdensity profile affect the slope of the final
density profile at the inner regions. Thus, a larger amount of angular momentum
or shallower initial overdensity profiles lead to shallower final density
profiles at the inner regions. On the other hand, the slope at the outer
regions is not affected by the amount of angular momentum and has an almost
constant value equal to that predicted in the radial collapse case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127356 </DOCNO>
Spectral cutoffs in EGRET gamma-ray sources


  The EGRET instrument has measured detailed photon spectra between 30 MeV and
10 GeV, which are represented by means of single power-law fits for sources in
the 3EG catalog. However, various sources show indications of spectral cutoffs
at GeV energies, which are poorly represented by such simple fits. In the case
of well exposed or bright EGRET sources, a description of spectral cutoffs with
more complicated functional forms appears to be applicable. An application for
such multicomponent fits should be seen in extrapolations beyond the energies
accessible to EGRET, i.e. for detectability studies of low-threshold Imaging
Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). In cases of unidentified gamma-ray
sources positionally coincident with Supernova remnants, the spectral shape
beyond power-law extrapolations might observationally explain why such
prominent SNRs like gammaCygni, IC 443 and CTA1 have not been detected during
several observation campaigns performed by IACTs over the last years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124230 </DOCNO>
Disc-like Objects in Hierarchical Hydrodynamical Simulations: Comparison


  We present results from a careful and detailed analysis of the structural and
dynamical properties of a sample of 29 disc-like objects identified at z=0 in
three AP3M-SPH fully consistent cosmological simulations. These simulations are
realizations of a CDM hierarchical model, where an inefficient Schmidt law-like
algorithm to model the stellar formation process has been implemented. We focus
on properties that can be constrained with available data from observations of
spiral galaxies, namely, the bulge and disc structural parameters and the
rotation curves. Comparisons with data from Broeils (1992), de Jong (1996) and
Courteau (1996, 1997) give satisfactory agreement, in contrast with previous
findings using other codes. This suggests that the stellar formation
implementation we have used has succeded in forming compact bulges that
stabilize disc-like structures in the violent phases of their assembly, while
in the quiescent phases the gas has cooled and collapsed according with the
Fall & Efstathiou standard model of disc formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124137 </DOCNO>
A Variety of Decays of Gamma-Ray Burst Pulses


  We find and study a variety of the spectral-temporal behavior during the
decay phase of the light curve of long and bright pulse structures in gamma-ray
bursts. It was earlier found that for about half of these decays, the
instantaneous photon flux is consistent with a power law in time, where the
photon flux $\propto$ 1/time. This decay behavior is a consequence of the
validity of both a power law hardness-intensity correlation (HIC) and an
exponential hardness-fluence correlation (HFC). Beside this behavior, we find
that the other cases approximately behave as 1/(time)$^3$. For a few of these
latter decays, the two correlations (HIC and HFC) are constrained and found to
be consistent with the light curve behavior. For these cases, the HIC is still
a power law while the HFC is described by a generalized function. We study and
describe these behaviors analytically and examine actual burst data from the
complete catalog of the BATSE on the CGRO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150253 </DOCNO>
Monopoles in Space-Time Noncommutative Born-Infeld theory


  We transform static solutions of space-noncommutative Dirac-Born-Infeld
theory (DBI) into static solutions of space-time noncommutative DBI. Via
Seiberg-Witten map we match this symmetry transformation with a corresponding
symmetry of commutative DBI. This allows to: 1) study new BPS type magnetic
monopoles, with constant electric and magnetic background and describe them
both in the commutative and in the noncommutative setting; 2) relate by
S-duality space-noncommutative magnetic monopoles to space-noncommutative
electric monopoles

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129248 </DOCNO>
Chandra on Millisecond Pulsars in Globular Clusters


  We summarize the x-ray properties of the complete samples of millisecond
pulsars (MSPs) detected in our Chandra observations of the globular clusters 47
Tuc and NGC 6397. The 47 Tuc MSPs are predominantly soft sources suggestive of
thermal emission from the neutron star polar cap and have x-ray luminosities in
a surprisingly narrow range (Lx ~--4 x 10^{30} erg/s). The single MSP in NGC
6397 is both hard and apparently extended, probably due to shocked hot gas
evaporating from its main sequence companion. In contrast to MSPs in the field
and the cluster M28, which show correlation between x-ray luminosity and
spindown luminosity Lx \propto \Edot^{\beta} with \beta ~1 - 1.4, the 47 Tuc
(and NGC 6397) sample display a relatively tight correlation with \beta = 0.5
+/-0.15. The correlations of Lx vs. P/2P-dot and light cylinder magnetic field
values are also different. It is possible the magnetic field configuration has
been altered (by episodic accretion) for old MSPs in dense cluster cores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95684 </DOCNO>
Fibrewise T-Duality for D-Branes on Elliptic Calabi-Yau


  Fibrewise T-duality (Fourier-Mukai transform) for D-branes on an elliptic
Calabi-Yau $X$ is shown to require naturally an appropriate twisting of the
operation respectively a twisted charge. The fibrewise T-duality is furthermore
expressed through known monodromies in the context of Kontsevich's
interpretation of mirror symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76545 </DOCNO>
Centrality Behaviour of J/$\psi$ Production in Na50


  The J/$\psi$ production in 158 A GeV Pb-Pb interactions is studied, in the
dimuon decay channel, as a function of centrality, as measured with the
electromagnetic or with the very forward calorimeters. After a first sharp
variation at mid centrality, both patterns continue to fall down and exhibit a
curvature change at high centrality values. This trend excludes any
conventional hadronic model and is in agreement with a deconfined quark-gluon
phase scenario. We report also preliminary results on the measured charged
multiplicity, as given by a dedicated detector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179564 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Pion Electroproduction Data


  A fit to the existing pion electroproduction data is presented. This work
builds upon our previous analyses of pion photoproduction and elastic
pion-nucleon scattering over the Delta resonance region. We comment on the
extraction of E_1+ ^3/2 / M_1+ ^3/2 (E2/M1) and S_1+ ^3/2 / M_1+ ^3/2 (S2/M1)
ratios, and note that the E2/M1 ratio approaches, and possibly crosses, zero
below a Q2 of 5 (GeV/c}^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41164 </DOCNO>
Recent Results on High-Q2 Neutral and Charged Current Cross Sections at


  High-Q^2 NC and CC DIS cross sections have been measured by H1 and ZEUS at
HERA. Both NC and CC results based on data taken during the year 1994-2000 are
in good agreement with Standard Model expectations. The structure function xF_3
is extracted from the NC cross sections and the mass of the W propagator is
extracted from the CC cross sections. Valence quark distributions are derived
by means of an NLO QCD fit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113967 </DOCNO>
Formation of Electric Charges in Melting Layer


  The paper presents a model of electric charge generation in precipitating
clouds due to breaking of large particles in low melting layer. The Earth's
electric field polarises the droplets and they break into small negatively
charged and large positively charged fragments. A negatively charged cloud
region is formed below melting layer. The charged region induces a field, which
increases both polarisation of the breaking droplets and rate of charge
generation. An equation is derived to describe spatial and temporal variability
of the electric field, which depends on size spectrum of hydrometeors and
vertical draft velocity. The model yields an exponential growth of the electric
field strength to 105 - 106 V/m after 15 min of raining at a rate of more than
10 mm/h. The major condition for that is a downdraft with a velocity of 0.5 - 1
m/s within the melting layer. The maximum field strength in clouds is found at
+20C level where lightning strokes to aircraft are observed most frequently. In
conclusion, factors affecting the charge generation rate are analysed and
methods for experimental verification of the proposed model discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86891 </DOCNO>
Eternally accelerating universe without event horizon


  Increasing astronomical evidence indicates that the expansion of the universe
is accelerating. By simply solving Einstein equations we show in this letter
that a wide class of generic quintessence models leading to eternal
acceleration is associated with spacetime static metrics which do not exhibit
future event horizons, and therefore do not pose the same problems for string
theory as asymptotic de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5170 </DOCNO>
Slow relaxation of low temperature vortex phases in


  Nonlinear transport in the low temperature vortex glass state of single
crystal Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$ has been investigated over long times
(up to two weeks) with fast current pulses driven along the $ab$ plane. It is
found that at low temperature and high magnetic field both zero field cooled
(ZFC) and field cooled (FC) samples relax towards the same equilibrium state,
which is much closer to the original ZFC state than to the FC state. The
implication of this FC metastability for the vortex phase diagram is discussed
in the context of previous measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127175 </DOCNO>
Strong Evidence for a Buried AGN in UGC 5101: Implications for


  We report on the results of 3--4 $\mu$m spectroscopy of the ultra-luminous
infrared galaxy (ULIRG) UGC 5101. It has a cool far-infrared color and a
LINER-type optical spectrum, and so, based on a view gaining some currency,
would be regarded as dominated by star formation. However, we find that it has
strong 3.4 $\mu$m carbonaceous dust absorption, low-equivalent-width 3.3 $\mu$m
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission, and a small 3.3 $\mu$m PAH to
far-infrared luminosity ratio. This favors an alternative scenario, in which an
energetically dominant AGN is present behind obscuring dust. The AGN is
plausibly obscured along all lines of sight (a `buried AGN'), rather than
merely obscured along our particular line of sight. Such buried AGNs have
previously been found in thermal infrared studies of the ULIRGs IRAS 08572+3915
and IRAS F00183$-$7111, both classified optically as LINERs. We argue that
buried AGNs can produce LINER-type optical spectra, and that at least some
fraction of LINER-type ULIRGs are predominantly powered by buried AGNs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113484 </DOCNO>
A Reconciliation of Collision Theory and Transition State Theory


  A statistical-mechanical treatment of collision leads to a formal connection
with transition-state theory, suggesting that collision theory and
transition-state theory might be joined ultimately as a collision induced
transition state theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179433 </DOCNO>
Relativistic corrections in (gamma,N) knockout reactions


  We develop a fully relativistic DWIA model for photonuclear reactions using
the relativistic mean field theory for the bound state and the Pauli reduction
of the scattering state which is calculated from a relativistic optical
potential. Results for the 12C(gamma,p) and 16O(gamma,p) differential cross
sections and photon asymmetries are displayed in a photon energy range between
60 and 257 MeV, and compared with nonrelativistic DWIA calculations. The
effects of the spinor distortion and of the effective momentum approximation
for the scattering state are discussed. The sensitivity of the model to
different prescriptions for the one-body current operator is investigated. The
off-shell ambiguities are large in (gamma,p) calculations, and even larger in
(gamma,n) knockout.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2673 </DOCNO>
Parity forbidden excitations of Sr2CuO2Cl2 revealed by optical


  We present the first study of nonlinear optical third harmonic generation in
the strongly correlated charge-transfer insulator Sr2CuO2Cl2. For fundamental
excitation in the near-infrared, the THG spectrum reveals a strongly resonant
response for photon energies near 0.7 eV. Polarization analysis reveals this
novel resonance to be only partially accounted for by three-photon excitation
to the optical charge-transfer exciton, and indicates that an even-parity
excitation at 2 eV, with a_1g symmetry, participates in the third harmonic
susceptibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41763 </DOCNO>
Aging Studies of Large Area Proportional Chambers under High-Rate


  Experimental conditions at the HERA-B experiment impose very strong
requirements for gaseous detectors. The charged particle fluxes through the
HERA-B tracking system, varying with the radial distance R from the beam line,
are about $2 \times 10^{7}/R^{2}$ particles per second, and comparable to those
that will be encountered by LHC experiments. The severe radiation environment
of the HERA-B experiment leads to a maximum charge deposit on a wire, within
the muon detector, of 200 mC/cm per year. We report recent results of aging
studies performed by irradiating proportional wire chambers filled with
$Ar/CF_4/CH_4$ (74:20:6), $Ar/CF_4/CH_4$ (67:30:3), $Ar/CF_4/CO_2$ (65:30:5),
$Ar/CF_4$ (70:30), $CF_4/CH_4$ (90:10), $CF_4/CH_4$ (80:20) mixtures in a three
different experimental setups. The size of the irradiation zone varied in the
tests from 1 cm up to 500 cm. Our experience shows that the aging rate depends
not only on the total collected charge, but, in addition, on the mode of
operation and area of irradiation. The possible application of these results to
the construction of a large area gaseous detectors for operation in high rate
environments is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73470 </DOCNO>
Quantum Algebras in Phenomenological Description of Particle Properties


  Quantum and q-deformed algebras find their application not only in
mathematical physics and field theoretical context, but also in phenomenology
of particle properties. We describe (i) the use of quantum algebras U_q(su_n)
corresponding to Lie algebras of the groups SU(n), taken for flavor symmetries
of hadrons, in deriving new high-accuracy hadron mass sum rules, and (ii) the
use of (multimode) q-oscillator algebras along with q-Bose gas picture in
modelling the properties of the intercept \lambda of two-pion (two-kaon)
correlations in heavy-ion collisions, as \lambda shows sizable observed
deviation from the expected Bose-Einstein type behavior. The deformation
parameter q is in case (i) argued and in case (ii) conjectured to be connected
with the Cabibbo angle \theta_C.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124963 </DOCNO>
The O II Recombination Line Abundance Problem in Planetary Nebulae


  We present new observations of O II recombination lines in ten bright
planetary nebulae, along with spatially-resolved measurements of O II and [O
III] in the Ring nebula NGC 6720, to study the discrepancy between abundances
derived from O II recombination lines and those derived from
collisionally-excited [O III]. We see a large range in the difference between O
II- and [O III] derived abundances, from no difference up to a factor six
difference. The size of this discrepancy is anti-correlated with nebular
surface brightness; compact, high-surface-brightness nebulae have the smallest
discrepancies. O II levels that are populated mainly by dielectronic
recombination give larger abundances than other levels. Finally, our long-slit
observation of the Ring nebula shows that the O II emission peaks interior to
the bright shell where [O III] and H-beta are strongest. Based on the observed
correlations, we propose that the strong recombination line emission in
planetary nebulae is a result of enhanced dielectronic recombination in hot gas
in the nebular interior, perhaps driven by a hot stellar wind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124490 </DOCNO>
Light Curves from an Expanding Relativistic Jet


  We perform fully relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of the deceleration
and lateral expansion of a relativistic jet as it expands into an ambient
medium. The hydrodynamic calculations use a 2D adaptive mesh refinement (AMR)
code, which provides adequate resolution of the thin shell of matter behind the
shock. We find that the sideways propagation is different than predicted by
simple analytic models. The physical conditions at the sides of the jet are
found to be significantly different than at the front of the jet, and most of
the emission occurs within the initial opening angle of the jet. The light
curves, as seen by observers at different viewing angles with respect to the
jet axis, are then calculated assuming synchrotron emission. For an observer
along the jet axis, we find a sharp achromatic `jet break' in the light curve
at frequencies above the typical synchrotron frequency, at $t_{jet}\approx
5.8(E_{52}/n_1)^{1/3}(\theta_0/0.2)^{8/3}$ days, while the temporal decay index
$\alpha$ ($F_{\nu}\propto t^{\alpha}$) after the break is steeper than $-p$
($\alpha=-2.85$ for $p=2.5$). At larger viewing angles $t_{jet}$ increases and
the jet break becomes smoother.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95538 </DOCNO>
A renormalized Riemann-Roch formula and the Thom isomorphism for the


  Let E be a circle-equivariant complex-orientable cohomology theory. We show
that the fixed-point formula applied to the free loopspace of a manifold X can
be understood as a Riemann-Roch formula for the quotient of the formal group of
E by a free cyclic subgroup. The quotient is not representable, but (locally at
p) its p-torsion subgroup is, by a p-divisible group of height one greater than
the formal group of E.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72364 </DOCNO>
Correlations and fluctuations - Introduction


  A rewiew of the development of formalism to describe correlations and
fluctuations in multiparticle production is presented. The milestones of
history of this development and some obvious sources of correlations in
experimental data are recalled. Some recent subjects concerning the
correlations are shortly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128145 </DOCNO>
Tracing the Cluster Internal Dynamics with Member Galaxies


  The analysis of the spatial distribution and kinematics of galaxies in
clusters allows one to determine the cluster internal dynamics. In this paper,
I review the state of the art of this topic. In particular, I summarize what we
have learned so far about galaxy orbits in clusters, and about the cluster mass
distribution. I then compare four methods that have recently been used in the
literature, by applying them to the same data-set. The results stress the
importance of reducing systematic besides random errors, for a reliable
determination of cluster mass profiles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168804 </DOCNO>
The classical counterpart of entanglement


  We define and explore the classical counterpart of entanglement in complete
analogy with quantum mechanics. Using a basis independent measure of entropy in
the classical Hilbert space of densities that are propagated by the
Frobenius-Perron operator, we demonstrate that at short times the quantum and
classical entropies share identical power laws and qualitative behaviors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5621 </DOCNO>
Negative specific heat in a Lennard-Jones-like gas with long-range


  We study, through molecular dynamics, a conservative two-dimensional
Lennard-Jones-like gas (with attractive potential $\propto r^{-\alpha}$). We
consider the effect of the range index $\alpha$ of interactions, number of
particles, total energy and particle density. We detect negative specific heat
when the interactions become long-ranged ($0\le \alpha/d<1$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169272 </DOCNO>
Polariton Analysis of a Four-Level Atom Strongly Coupled to a Cavity


  We present a complete analytical solution for a single four-level atom
strongly coupled to a cavity field mode and driven by external coherent laser
fields. The four-level atomic system consists of a three-level subsystem in an
EIT configuration, plus an additional atomic level; this system has been
predicted to exhibit a photon blockade effect. The solution is presented in
terms of polaritons. An effective Hamiltonian obtained by this procedure is
analyzed from the viewpoint of an effective two-level system, and the dynamic
Stark splitting of dressed states is discussed. The fluorescence spectrum of
light exiting the cavity mode is analyzed and relevant transitions identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5782 </DOCNO>
Universal phase boundary shifts for corner wetting and filling


  The phase boundaries for corner wetting (filling) in square and diagonal
lattice Ising models are exactly determined and show a universal shift relative
to wetting near the bulk criticality. More generally, scaling theory predicts
that the filling phase boundary shift for wedges and cones is determined by a
universal scaling function $R_d(\psi)$ depending only on the opening angle
$2\psi$. $R_d(\psi)$ is determined exactly in $d=2$ and approximately in higher
dimensions using non-classical local functional and mean-field theory. Detailed
numerical transfer matrix studies of the the magnetisation profile in
finite-size Ising squares support the conjectured connection between filling
and the strong-fluctuation regime of wetting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150095 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Generation of Four-Dimensional Space-Time in the IIB Matrix


  We study the spontaneous breakdown of SO(10) symmetry in the IIB matrix model
using a mean-field approximation and its systematic improvements.
Self-consistency equations allow various solutions which break the SO(10)
symmetry. By calculating the free energy for each solution up to the third
order approximation, we find that the free energy becomes minimum for a
solution which preserves SO(4) symmetry. Furthermore the dynamical space-time
is observed to collapse to four dimensions as we increase the order of the
approximation. These results strongly suggest that four-dimensional space-time
is generated dynamically in the IIB matrix model, which was proposed as a
nonperturbative definition of type IIB superstring theory in ten dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98901 </DOCNO>
Coloured permutations containing and avoiding certain patterns


  Following Mansour, let $S_n^{(r)}$ be the set of all coloured permutations on
the symbols $1,2,...,n$ with colours $1,2,...,r$, which is the analogous of the
symmetric group when r=1, and the hyperoctahedral group when r=2. Let
$I\subseteq\{1,2,...,r\}$ be subset of d colours; we define $T_{k,r}^m(I)$ be
the set of all coloured permutations $\phi\in S_k^{(r)}$ such that
$\phi_1=m^{(c)}$ where $c\in I$. We prove that, the number
$T_{k,r}^m(I)$-avoiding coloured permutations in $S_n^{(r)}$ equals
$(k-1)!r^{k-1}\prod_{j=k}^n h_j$ for $n\geq k$ where $h_j=(r-d)j+(k-1)d$. We
then prove that for any $\phi\in T_{k,r}^1(I)$ (or any $\phi\in T_{k,r}^k(I)$),
the number of coloured permutations in $S_n^{(r)}$ which avoid all patterns in
$T_{k,r}^1(I)$ (or in $T_{k,r}^k(I)$) except for $\phi$ and contain $\phi$
exactly once equals $\prod_{j=k}^n h_j\cdot \sum_{j=k}^n \frac{1}{h_j}$ for
$n\geq k$. Finally, for any $\phi\in T_{k,r}^m(I)$, $2\leq m\leq k-1$, this
number equals $\prod_{j=k+1}^n h_j$ for $n\geq k+1$. These results generalize
recent results due to Mansour, and due to Simion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76051 </DOCNO>
Lattice calculation of the zero-recoil form factor of anti-B --> D*


  We develop a new method in lattice QCD to calculate the form factor F(1) at
zero recoil. This is the main theoretical ingredient needed to determine
|V(cb)| from the exclusive decay anti-B --> D* lepton anti-neutrino. We
introduce three ratios, in which most of statistical and systematic error
cancels, making a precise calculation possible. We fit the heavy-quark mass
dependence directly, and extract the 1/m_Q^2 and three of the four 1/m_Q^3
corrections in the heavy-quark expansion. In this paper we show how the method
works in the quenched approximation, obtaining F(1) = 0.913
(+0.024-0.017)(+/-0.016)(+0.003-0.014)(+0.000-0.016)(+0.006-0.014) where the
uncertainties come, respectively, from statistics and fitting, matching lattice
gauge theory to QCD, lattice spacing dependence, light quark mass effects, and
the quenched approximation. We also discuss how to reduce these uncertainties
and, thus, to obtain a model-independent determination of |V(cb)|.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169309 </DOCNO>
Discrete Cosine Transforms on Quantum Computers


  A classical computer does not allow to calculate a discrete cosine transform
on N points in less than linear time. This trivial lower bound is no longer
valid for a computer that takes advantage of quantum mechanical superposition,
entanglement, and interference principles. In fact, we show that it is possible
to realize the discrete cosine transforms and the discrete sine transforms of
size NxN and types I,II,III, and IV with as little as O(log^2 N) operations on
a quantum computer, whereas the known fast algorithms on a classical computer
need O(N log N) operations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5455 </DOCNO>
Gap Symmetry an Thermal Conductivity in Nodal Superconductors


  There are now many nodal superconductors in heavy fermion (HF) systems,
charge conjugated organic metals, high Tc cuprates and ruthenates. On the other
hand only few of them have a well established gap function. We present here a
study of the angular dependent thermal conductivity in the vortex state of some
of the nodal superconductors. We hope it will help to identify the nodal
directions in the gap function of UPd_2Al_3, UNi_2Al_3, UBe_13 and URu_2Si_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148871 </DOCNO>
On the AdS/CFT Correspondence and Logarithmic Operator


  Logarithmic conformal field theory is investigated using the AdS/CFT
correspondence and a novel method based on nilpotent weights. Using this device
we add ghost fermions and point to a BRST invariance of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2907 </DOCNO>
The low-density spin susceptibility and effective mass of mobile


  We studied the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations in high-mobility Si-MOS
samples over a wide range of carrier densities $n\simeq (1-50) \times
10^{11}$cm$^{-2}$, which includes the vicinity of the apparent metal-insulator
transition in two dimensions (2D MIT). Using a novel technique of measuring the
SdH oscillations in superimposed and independently controlled parallel and
perpendicular magnetic fields, we determined the spin susceptibility $\chi^*$,
the effective mass $m^*$, and the $g^*$-factor for mobile electrons. These
quantities increase gradually with decreasing density; near the 2D MIT, we
observed enhancement of $\chi^*$ by a factor of $\sim 4.7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169196 </DOCNO>
Chen and Diao's quantum search algorithm is not exponentially fast


  In this paper, we analysed the Chen and Diao quantum search algorithm where
exponential speedup was claimed over classical algorithm. We calculated the
total number of queries in this algorithm and showed that Chen and Diao's
"Quantum quart-section method" need totally ${3^n-1}\over 2$ or $3^n-1$ queries
in finding the target from a large database with $2^{2n}$ items. Although it is
faster than Classical algorithm(O($4^n$) steps), it is much slower compared
with Grover' algorithm(O($2^n$) steps).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6825 </DOCNO>
Fresnel laws at curved dielectric interfaces of microresonators


  We discuss curvature corrections to Fresnel's laws for the reflection and
transmission of light at a non-planar refractive-index boundary. The reflection
coefficients are obtained from the resonances of a dielectric disk within a
sequential-reflection model. The Goos-H\"anchen effect for curved light fronts
at a planar interface can be adapted to provide a qualitative and quantitative
extension of the ray model which explains the observed deviations from
Fresnel's laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168956 </DOCNO>
The one-way quantum computer - a non-network model of quantum


  A one-way quantum computer works by only performing a sequence of one-qubit
measurements on a particular entangled multi-qubit state, the cluster state. No
non-local operations are required in the process of computation. Any quantum
logic network can be simulated on the one-way quantum computer. On the other
hand, the network model of quantum computation cannot explain all ways of
processing quantum information possible with the one-way quantum computer. In
this paper, two examples of the non-network character of the one-way quantum
computer are given. First, circuits in the Clifford group can be performed in a
single time step. Second, the realisation of a particular circuit --the
bit-reversal gate-- on the one-way quantum computer has no network
interpretation. (Submitted to J. Mod. Opt, Gdansk ESF QIT conference issue.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125092 </DOCNO>
A Search for Fine Structure of the Knee in EAS Size Spectra


  28 size spectra of extensive air showers from 7 different experiments are
analysed consistently. They are fitted by adjusting either 4 or 5 parameters:
knee position, power law exponents above and below the knee, overall intensity
and, in addition, a parameter describing the smoothness of the bend. The
residuals are then normalized to the same knee position and averaged. When 5
parameters are employed no systematic deviation from a single smooth knee is
apparent at the 1% level up to a factor of 4 above the knee. At larger shower
sizes a moderately significant deviation can be seen whose shape and position
are compatible with a second knee caused by iron group nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73959 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constant and spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking: the


  We describe one of the remarkable problems of theoretical physics persevering
up to the beginning of the millennium. All gaugetheories with spontaneous gauge
symmetry breaking from the standard model of particle physics with the
electroweak symmetry breaking at the Fermi scale, 246 GeV, up to strings,
supergravity, and the M(embrane)-theory superunification with symmetry breaking
starting near the Planck scale, $10^{19}$ GeV, foresee that the spontaneous
symmetry breakings induce a vacuum energy at least 50 orders of magnitude
larger than the stringent experimental bound $G\Lambda\lesssim 10^{-122}$ on
the value of the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. This fact seems to have a
universal character since it occurs from the Fermi scale up to the Planck one.
It is the vacuum catastrophe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95388 </DOCNO>
On the Brody hyperbolicity of moduli spaces for canonically polarized


  Consider the moduli functor of canonically polarized complex manifolds with
Hilbert polynomial h, and let M_h be the corresponding coarse quasi-projective
moduli scheme. We show that M_h is Brody hyperbolic in the following sense:
Assume that for some quasi-projective variety U there exists a morphism U --->
M_h, quasi-finite over its image, which is induced by a family f: V ---> U,
belonging to the moduli problem. Then all holomorphic maps from the complex
plane to U are constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 906 </DOCNO>
Charge Correlations in a Coulomb System Along a Plane Wall: a Relation


  Classical Coulomb systems at equilibrium, bounded by a plane dielectric wall,
are studied. A general two-point charge correlation function is considered.
Valid for any fixed position of one of the points, a new relation is found
between the algebraic tail of the correlation function along the wall and the
dipole moment of that function. The relation is tested first in the
weak-coupling (Debye-H\"uckel) limit, and afterwards, for the special case of a
plain hard wall, on the exactly solvable two-dimensional two-component plasma
at coupling $\Gamma=2$, and on the two-dimensional one-component plasma at an
arbitrary even integer $\Gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168484 </DOCNO>
Quantum mutual entropy for two-level ion in a q-analog trap


  Quantum mutual entropy is used as a measure of information content of ionic
state due to ion-laser interaction in a q-analog trap. The initial state of the
system is a Schrodinger cat state. It is found that the partial mutual entropy
is a good measure of the entanglement and purity of the ionic state at $t>0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114428 </DOCNO>
Scale Invariant Markov Models for Bayesian Inversion of Linear Inverse


  In a Bayesian approach for solving linear inverse problems one needs to
specify the prior laws for calculation of the posterior law. A cost function
can also be defined in order to have a common tool for various Bayesian
estimators which depend on the data and the hyperparameters. The Gaussian case
excepted, these estimators are not linear and so depend on the scale of the
measurements. In this paper a weaker property than linearity is imposed on the
Bayesian estimator, namely the scale invariance property (SIP).First, we state
some results on linear estimation and then we introduce and justify a scale
invariance axiom. We show that arbitrary choice of scale measurement can be
avoided if the estimator has this SIP. Some examples of classical
regularization procedures are shown to be scale invariant. Then we investigate
general conditions on classes of Bayesian estimators which satisfy this SIP, as
well as their consequences on the cost function and prior laws. We also show
that classical methods for hyperparameters estimation (i.e., Maximum Likelihood
and Generalized Maximum Likelihood) can be introduced for hyperparameters
estimation, and we verify the SIP property for them. Finally we discuss how to
choose the prior laws to obtain scale invariant Bayesian estimators. For this,
we consider two cases of prior laws: {\em entropic prior laws} and {\em
first-order Markov models}. In related preceding works
[Mohammad-Djafari90,Mohammad-Djafari93], the SIP constraints have been studied
for the case of entropic prior laws. In this paper extension to the case of
first-order Markov models is provided. KEYWORDS: Bayesian estimation, Scale
invariance, Markov modelling, Inverse Problems, Image reconstruction, Prior
model selection

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113822 </DOCNO>
Erosive radially-slotted discharge in sheet current mode


  New non-stationary non-contracted form of the erosive radially-slotted
discharge as a thin round sheet with the current of the azimuth direction have
been discovered, its existence beings stipulated by a radial transport-wave
fluxes. Characteristic features of this discharge is self-confinement of the
discharge current magnitude, corresponding decrease of the current pulse
duration and occurrence of an energy and substance ejection with rather unusual
properties. Measurements of kinetics of the discharge current, the plasma
radiation intensity and an electrical probe signal, as well as the transmission
electron microscope investigations of characteristic aerodisperse aggregates
arising the erosive phase, have been carried out. The probe signal duration was
about 10 times greater than that of the current; its kinetics was complicated
suggesting existence in the slot of two components with fundamentally different
properties and states of the substance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98890 </DOCNO>
Toric Fano varieties and birational morphisms


  In this paper we study smooth toric Fano varieties using primitive relations
and toric Mori theory. We show that for any irreducible invariant divisor D in
a toric Fano variety X, we have $0\leq\rho_X-\rho_D\leq 3$, for the difference
of the Picard numbers of X and D. Moreover, if $\rho_X-\rho_D>0$ (with some
additional hypotheses if $\rho_X-\rho_D=1$), we give an explicit birational
description of X. Using this result, we show that when dim X=5, we have
$\rho_X\leq 9$.
  In the second part of the paper, we study equivariant birational morphisms f
whose source is Fano. We give some general results, and in dimension 4 we show
that f is always a composite of smooth equivariant blow-ups. Finally, we study
under which hypotheses a non-projective toric variety can become Fano after a
smooth equivariant blow-up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97304 </DOCNO>
Macaulay Style Formulas for Sparse Resultants


  We present formulas for computing the resultant of sparse polynomials as a
quotient of two determinants, the denominator being a minor of the numerator.
These formulas extend the original formulation given by Macaulay for
homogeneous polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169078 </DOCNO>
From Coupled Pendulums to Quantum Search


  Quantum search is a quantum mechanical technique for searching N
possibilities in only sqrt(N) steps. This paper gives a fresh perspective on
the algorithm in terms of a resonance phenomenon which is implemented through
classical coupled oscillators. Consider N oscillators, one of which is of a
different resonant frequency. We could identify which one this is by measuring
the oscillation frequency of each oscillator, a procedure that would take about
N cycles. We show how, by coupling the oscillators together in a very simple
way, it is possible to identify the different one in only sqrt(N) cycles. An
extension of this technique to the quantum case leads to the quantum search
algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97701 </DOCNO>
Propagation in Hamiltonian dynamics and relative symplectic homology


  The main result asserts the existence of noncontractible periodic orbits for
compactly supported time dependent Hamiltonian systems on the unit cotangent
bundle of the torus or of a negatively curved manifold whenever the generating
Hamiltonian is sufficiently large over the zero section. The proof is based on
Floer homology and on the notion of a relative symplectic capacity.
Applications include results about propagation properties of sequential
Hamiltonian systems, periodic orbits on hypersurfaces, Hamiltonian circle
actions, and smooth Lagrangian skeletons in Stein manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74149 </DOCNO>
W Boson Production with Associated Jets at Large Rapidities


  We analyse W boson production at hadron colliders in association with one or
two jets, both with the exact kinematics and in the high-energy limit. We argue
that the configurations that are kinematically favoured tend to have the W
boson forward in rapidity. Thus W boson production in association with jets
lends itself naturally to extensions to the high-energy limit, which we examine
both at leading order and by resumming higher-order corrections through the
BFKL theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6153 </DOCNO>
Critical exponents and equation of state of the three-dimensional


  We improve the theoretical estimates of the critical exponents for the
three-dimensional Heisenberg universality class. We find gamma=1.3960(9),
nu=0.7112(5), eta=0.0375(5), alpha=-0.1336(15), beta=0.3689(3), and
delta=4.783(3). We consider an improved lattice phi^4 Hamiltonian with
suppressed leading scaling corrections. Our results are obtained by combining
Monte Carlo simulations based on finite-size scaling methods and
high-temperature expansions. The critical exponents are computed from
high-temperature expansions specialized to the phi^4 improved model. By the
same technique we determine the coefficients of the small-magnetization
expansion of the equation of state. This expansion is extended analytically by
means of approximate parametric representations, obtaining the equation of
state in the whole critical region. We also determine a number of universal
amplitude ratios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125285 </DOCNO>
The Location of CMB Peaks in a Universe with Dark Energy


  The locations of the peaks of the CMB spectrum are sensitive indicators of
cosmological parameters, yet there is no known analytic formula which
accurately describes their dependence on them. We parametrize the location of
the peaks as l_m = l_A(m - \phi_m), where l_A is the analytically calculable
acoustic scale and m labels the peak number. Fitting formulae for the phase
shifts \phi_m for the first three peaks and the first trough are given. It is
shown that in a wide range of parameter space, the acoustic scale l_A can be
retrieved from actual CMB measurements of the first three peaks within one
percent accuracy. This can be used to speed up likelihood analysis. We describe
how the peak shifts can be used to distinguish between different models of dark
energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148517 </DOCNO>
On the Finite Temperature Formalism in Integrable Quantum Field Theories


  Two different theoretical formulations of the finite temperature effects have
been recently proposed for integrable field theories. In order to decide which
of them is the correct one, we perform for a particular model an explicit check
of their predictions for the one-point function of the trace of the
stress-energy tensor, a quantity which can be independently determined by the
Thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81122 </DOCNO>
Perfect Gauge Actions on Anisotropic Lattices


  We present a method for constructing classically perfect anisotropic actions
for SU(3) gauge theory based on a present isotropic Fixed Point Action. The
action is parametrised using smeared (``fat'') links. The construction is done
explicitly for anisotropy $\xi=a_s/a_t=2,4$ and the renormalised anisotropies
are determined using the torelon dispersion relation. Quantities such as the
static quark-antiquark potential, the critical temperature of the deconfining
phase transition and the low-lying glueball spectrum are measured as well. It
turns out that the procedure presented works, the renormalised anisotropy is
small and the parametrisation describes the full action well. Issues such as
the application of the method for scalar fields as well as for the quadratic
approximation to gauge theory, measurements of autocorrelation times of simple
operators and of the computational overhead are also covered. A (more compact)
paper about this classically perfect anisotropic gauge action is in
preparation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4440 </DOCNO>
Effect of magnetic field on impurity bound states in high-temperature


  We consider the influence of a magnetic field H on the quasiparticle bound
states near scalar impurities in d-wave superconductors. A ``Doppler shift'' in
the excitation energies induced by the supercurrent leads to several important
effects. At large but finite impurity strength, there are corrections to the
energy and width of the impurity-induced resonance, proportional to H^2. On the
other hand, in the limit of very strong impurity potential (unitary limit), the
bound state is destroyed and acquires a finite width proportional to H/ln H.
There are also considerable changes in the asymptotic behaviour of the bound
state wave functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96796 </DOCNO>
Letter about component groups of elliptic curves


  This is the text of a letter written by K. Ribet to J.-F. Mestre in November,
1987. The letter proves three formulas that had been conjectured by Mestre and
Oesterl\'e. These formulas concern component groups of elliptic curves that
occur as optimal quotients of certain Jacobians of modular curves, and
relations between the component groups and the character group of the toric
component of the Jacobian. (The "toric component" and component groups are
computed in positive characteristic.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113498 </DOCNO>
Statistical Approach to Gene Evolution


  The evolution in coding DNA sequences brings new flexibility and freedom to
the codon words, even as the underlying nucleotides get significantly ordered.
These curious contra-rules of gene organisation are observed from the
distribution of words and the second moments of the nucleotide letters. These
statistical data give us the physics behind the classification of bacteria.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5567 </DOCNO>
Disordering effects of colour in a system of coupled Brownian motors:


  A system of periodically coupled nonlinear phase oscillators submitted to
both additive and multiplicative white noises has been recently shown to
exhibit ratchetlike transport, negative zero-bias conductance, and anomalous
hysteresis. These features stem from the "asymmetry" of the stationary
probability distribution function, arising through a noise-induced
nonequilibrium phase transition which is "reentrant" as a function of the
multiplicative noise intensity. Using an explicit mean-field approximation we
analyze the effect of the multiplicative noises being coloured, finding a
contraction of the ordered phase (and a reentrance as a function of the
coupling) on one hand, and a shift of the transition from anomalous to normal
hysteresis inside this phase on the other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75675 </DOCNO>
Muon g-2 and Neutrino Mass in a New Minimal Extension of the MSSM


  If the one term $(\hat \nu_e \hat \mu - \hat e \hat \nu_\mu) \hat \tau^c$ is
added to the MSSM (Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model) superpotential, the
recently observed muon g--2 (anomalous magnetic moment) excess can be explained
very simply by a light $\tilde \nu_e$. If the soft symmetry-breaking terms
$\hat \nu_\alpha \hat h_2^0 - \hat l_\alpha \hat h_2^+$ are also added,
realistic neutrino masses (with bimaximal mixing) are generated as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127576 </DOCNO>
Spectral Reduction Software for the DEEP2 Redshift Survey


  The DEEP2/DEIMOS redshift survey, which will begin observing in the Spring of
2002, will gather high quality spectra on ~60000 galaxies in order to study the
evolution of the properties and large scale clustering of galaxies at z~1. The
data rate from DEIMOS will be in excess of 1 Gbyte/hour, and it is therefore
imperative to employ completely automated data reduction techniques to manage
the analysis. We here describe aspects of our data pipeline, which will make
extensive use of B-splines for the sky-subtraction stage and for the
combination of multiple frames.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169312 </DOCNO>
Series solution to the laser-ion interaction in a Raman-type


  The Raman interaction of a trapped ultracold ion with two travelling wave
lasers is studied analytically with series solutions, in the absence of the
rotating wave approximation (RWA) and the restriction of both the Lamb-Dicke
limit and the weak excitation regime. The comparison is made between our
solutions and those under the RWA to demonstrate the validity region of the
RWA. As a practical example, the preparation of Schr\"odinger-cat states with
our solutions is proposed beyond the weak excitation regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72458 </DOCNO>
Some aspects of baryogenesis and lepton number violation


  The cosmological baryon asymmetry is closely related to neutrino properties
due to the non-perturbative sphaleron processes in the high-temperature
symmetric phase of the standard model. We review some aspects of this
connection with emphasis on cosmological bounds on neutrino masses,
leptogenesis and possible implications for dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127944 </DOCNO>
The Recurrent Nova U Scorpii - A Type Ia Supernova Progenitor


  We derive the mass of the white dwarf in the eclipsing recurrent nova U Sco
from the radial velocity semi-amplitudes of the primary and secondary stars.
Our results give a high white dwarf mass of M_1 = 1.55 \pm 0.24M_\odot,
consistent with the thermonuclear runaway model of recurrent nova outbursts. We
confirm that U Sco is the best Type Ia supernova progenitor known, and predict
that the time to explosion is within ~700,000 years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74912 </DOCNO>
Simple SUSY Breaking Mechanism by Coexisting Walls


  A SUSY breaking mechanism with no messenger fields is proposed. We assume
that our world is on a domain wall and SUSY is broken only by the coexistence
of another wall with some distance from our wall. We find an ${\cal N}=1$ model
in four dimensions which admits an exact solution of a stable non-BPS
configuration of two walls and studied its properties explicitly. We work out
how various soft SUSY breaking terms can arise in our framework.
Phenomenological implications are briefly discussed. We also find that
effective SUSY breaking scale becomes exponentially small as the distance
between two walls grows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2771 </DOCNO>
Anisotropy in the electronic screening of oxygen lattice modes in


  Inelastic neutron scattering data from a twinned single-crystal of
YBa2Cu3O6.95 are presented that show a distinct a-b plane anisotropy in the
oxygen vibrations. The Cu-O bond-stretching type phonons are simultaneously
observed along the a and b directions due to a 4 meV splitting arising from the
orthorhombicity. The present results show the bond-stretching branch along b
(parallel to the chain) has a continuous dispersion, while the branch along a
is discontinuous, suggesting a possibility of short-range cell-doubling along
a. Furthermore, the LO mode along a is split in en-ergy from its TO partner at
non-zero q-vectors, while the b mode is not. These results imply strong
anisotropy in the electronic screening and a one-dimensional character in
underlying charge fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41688 </DOCNO>
Sensitivities of Low Energy Reactor Neutrino Experiments


  The low energy part of the reactor neutrino spectra has not been
experimentally measured. Its uncertainties limit the sensitivities in certain
reactor neutrino experiments. The origin of these uncertainties are discussed,
and the effects on measurements of neutrino interactions with electrons and
nuclei are studied. Comparisons are made with existing results. In particular,
the discrepancies between previous measurements with Standard Model
expectations can be explained by an under-estimation of the low energy reactor
neutrino spectra. To optimize the experimental sensitivities, measurements for
$\nuebar$-e cross-sections should focus on events with large ($>$1.5 MeV)
recoil energy while those for neutrino magnetic moment searches should be based
on events $<$100 keV. The merits and attainable accuracies for
neutrino-electron scattering experiments using artificial neutrino sources are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168083 </DOCNO>
Renormalisation in Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Instantons and Quantum


  We suggest how to construct non-perturbatively a renormalized action in
quantum mechanics. We discuss similarties and differences with the standard
effective action. We propose that the new quantum action is suitable to define
and compute quantum instantons and quantum chaos.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113918 </DOCNO>
An angular correlation theory for double photoionization in a rare gas


  We consider the process of double photoionization (DPI) in a rare gas atom as
a two-step process, namely (i) photoionization in an inner shell followed by
(ii) the emission of an Auger electron from an outer shell. An angular
correlation function for the two emitted electrons is defined by analogy with
the theory of angular correlation in nuclear physics. An expression is obtained
for this angular correlation function by a statistical method which makes use
of the density and efficiency operators. The latter takes care of the
attenuation of the probability of detection of an electrons due to the
geometrical properties of the detector. Theoretical values of the angular
correlation function are obtained for DPI in xenon and these are shown to be in
good agreement with the experimental results given by K\"{a}mmerling and
Schmidt.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126185 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Estimates of Intrinsic Galaxy Alignment


  It has recently been argued that the observed ellipticities of galaxies may
be determined at least in part by the primordial tidal gravitational field in
which the galaxy formed. Long-range correlations in the tidal field could thus
lead to an ellipticity-ellipticity correlation for widely separated galaxies.
We present a new model relating ellipticity to angular momentum, which can be
calculated in linear theory. We use this model to calculate the angular power
spectrum of intrinsic galaxy shape correlations. We show that for low redshift
galaxy surveys, our model predicts that intrinsic correlations will dominate
correlations induced by weak lensing, in good agreement with previous
theoretical work and observations. We find that our model produces `E-mode'
correlations enhanced by a factor of 3.5 over B-modes on small scales, making
it harder to disentangle intrinsic correlations from those induced by weak
gravitational lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4025 </DOCNO>
Interaction induced localization in a gas of pyramidal molecules


  We propose a model to describe a gas of pyramidal molecules interacting via
dipole-dipole interactions. The interaction modifies the tunneling properties
between the classical equilibrium configurations of the single molecule and,
for sufficiently high pressure, the molecules become localized in these
classical configurations. We explain quantitatively, without free parameters,
the shift to zero frequency of the inversion line observed upon increase of the
pressure in a gas of ammonia or deuterated ammonia. For sufficiently high
pressures, our model suggests the existence of a superselection rule for states
of different chirality in substituted derivatives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75903 </DOCNO>
A Phenomenological Study on Lepton Mass Matrix Textures


  The three active light neutrinos are used to explain the neutrino
oscillations. The inherently bi-large mixing neutrino mass matrix and the
Fritzsch type, bi-small mixing charged lepton mass matrix are assumed. By
requiring the maximal \nu_\mu-\nu_\tau mixing for the atmospheric neutrino
problem and the mass-squared difference approperiate for the almost maximal
mixing solution to the solar neutrino problem, the following quantities are
predicted: the \nu_e-\nu_\mu mixing, V_{e3}, CP violation in neutrino
oscillations, and the effective electron-neutrino mass relevant to neutrinoless
double beta decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5986 </DOCNO>
Decay of spin-Peierls state in CuGeO3:Fe. The case of a strong disorder


  Influence of doping by iron impurity on spin-Peierls state in CuGeO3 is
studied. ESR measurements for the frequency/temperature domain 60-450 GHz/
1.8-300 K and specific heat data obtained for the interval 6-20 K show that
insertion of 1% of Fe completely destroy both spin-Peierls and
antiferromagnetic orders. Damping of long-range magnetic order is accompanied
by onset at T<20 K of power asymptotics for magnetic susceptibility
chi~T^-alpha and magnetic part of specific heat cm~T^(1-alpha), with the index
alpha=0.35-0.37. This effect is characteristic to the limit of strong disorder
for doped CuGeO3 and may reflect formation of the Griffiths phase at low
temperatures in CuGeO3:Fe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1165 </DOCNO>
Thermally activated interface motion in a disordered ferromagnet


  We investigate interface motion in disordered ferromagnets by means of Monte
Carlo simulations. For small temperatures and driving fields a so-called creep
regime is found and the interface velocity obeys an Arrhenius law. We analyze
the corresponding energy barrier as well as the field and temperature
dependence of the prefactor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72793 </DOCNO>
Coannihilation Effects in Supergravity and D-Brane Models


  Coannihilation effects in neutralino relic density calculations are examined
for a full range of supersymmetry parameters including large \tan\beta and
large A_0 for stau, chargino, stop and sbottom coannihilation with the
neutralino. Supergravity models possessing grand unification with universal
soft breaking (mSUGRA), models with nonuniversal soft breaking in the Higgs and
third generation sparticles, and D-brane models with nonuniversal gaugino
masses were analysed. Unlike low \tan\beta where m_0 is generally small, stau
coannihilation corridors with high \tan\beta are highly sensitive to A_0, and
large A_0 allows m_0 to become as large as 1TeV. Nonuniversal soft breaking
models at high \tan\beta also allow the opening of a new annihilation channel
through the s-channel Z pole with acceptable relic density, allowing a new wide
band in the m_0-m_{1/2} plane with m_{1/2} >~ 400 GeV and $m_0$ rising to 1
TeV. The D-brane models considered possess stau coannihilations regions similar
to mSUGRA, as well as small regions of chargino coannihilation.
Neutralino-proton cross sections are analysed for all models and it is found
that future detectors for halo wimps will be able to scan essentially the full
parameter space with m_{1/2} < 1 TeV except for a region with \mu < 0 where
accidental cancellations occur when 5 ~<\tan\beta ~< 30. Analytic explanations
of much of the above phenomena are given. The above analyses include current
LEP bounds on the Higgs mass, large \tan\beta NLO correction to the b \to s
\gamma decay, and large \tan\beta SUSY corrections to the b and \tau masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125350 </DOCNO>
Photometric observations of distant active comets


  We present CCD VR_C observations of 6 distant comets located at heliocentric
distances of 3.4--7.2 AU. Time-series data were obtained on three nights in
July, 2000 covering 16 hours. Each comet was observed after the perihelion,
when a lower activity was expected. Contrary to expectation, we found
well-defined circular comae and extended tails visible out to a few (3-5)
arcminutes. We detected a quasi-cyclic light variation of C/1999 J2, while
C/1999 N4 showed some hints of a more complex variation. C/2000 K1 was constant
to +/-0.04 mag during the observing run. The standard V and R_C data were used
to estimate nuclear diameters, while the colour indices implied a slighly
reddish (V-R=0.68, C/2000 K1), a neutral (V-R=0.47, C/1999 N4) and a slightly
bluish (V-R=0.25, C/1999 J2) coma. Simple fits of the surface brightness
distributions are also presented enabling order of magnitude estimates of
nuclear radii. Beside the time-series observations, further single-shot
observations of three faint comets are briefly described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127231 </DOCNO>
3-Gyr-old Globular Clusters in the Merger Remnant NGC 1316: Implications


  The giant early-type merger remnant galaxy NGC 1316 is an ideal probe for
studying the long-term effects of a major merger on its globular cluster (GC)
system, given its spectroscopically derived merger age of 3 Gyr which we
reported in a recent paper. Here we report several pieces of photometric
evidence showing that the second-generation GCs in NGC 1316 are at an
evolutionary phase in between that of luminous GCs found in younger merger
remnants such as (e.g.) NGC 7252 and that of `red' GCs found in `normal, old'
ellipticals. The observation that massive, second-generation GCs formed during
major mergers can survive for at least 3 Gyr provides strong evidence that
these clusters can have `normal' mass functions including low-mass stars, and
hence that they can survive to reach `old age' similar to those of `normal'
ellipticals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76423 </DOCNO>
The onset of classical QCD dynamics in relativistic heavy ion collisions


  The experimental results on hadron production obtained recently at RHIC offer
a new prospective on the energy dependence of the nuclear collision dynamics.
In particular, it is possible that parton saturation -- the phenomenon likely
providing initial conditions for the multi--particle production at RHIC
energies -- may have started to set in central heavy ion collisions already
around the highest SPS energy. We examine this scenario, and make predictions
based on high density QCD for the forthcoming 22 GeV run at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76242 </DOCNO>
Mirror objects in the solar system?


  This talk was given at the Tunguska-2001 international conference but it is
not about the Tunguska event. Instead we tried to give some flavor of mirror
matter, which is predicted to exist if parity is an unbroken symmetry of
nature, to non-experts. The possible connection of the mirror matter ideas to
the Tunguska phenomenon was indicated by Foot and Gninenko some time ago and
was elaborated by Foot in the separate talk at this conference. If the mirror
world interpretation of the Tunguska like events is indeed correct then the
most fascinating (but very speculative) possibility is that some well known
celestial bodies with strange properties are in fact made mostly from mirror
matter, and so maybe the mirror world was discovered long ago and we just have
not suspected this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86656 </DOCNO>
Local Prescribed Mean Curvature foliations in cosmological spacetimes


  A theorem about local in time existence of spacelike foliations with
prescribed mean curvature in cosmological spacetimes will be proved. The time
function of the foliation is geometrically defined and fixes the diffeomorphism
invariance inherent in general foliations of spacetimes. Moreover, in contrast
to the situation of the more special constant mean curvature foliations, which
play an important role in the global analysis of spacetimes, this theorem
overcomes the existence problem arising from topological restrictions for
surfaces of constant mean curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83905 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Improving Competition in Mobile Roaming


  The ability to make international roaming calls is of increasing importance
to customers in Europe. This contrasts with various complaints that retail
prices of roaming calls are rigid and excessive. The focus if the paper is on
wholesale roaming, which is the prime determinant of retail roaming prices. The
paper analyses the structural conditions of wholesale roaming markets that have
impaired incentives to competition, namely high combined market share of the
two leading GSM 900 operators combined with second mover disadvantages for new
entrant GSM 1800 operators, and demand externalities. The paper argues that a
number of developments are under way that are likely to modify this situation
in the future. With the introduction of SIM over-the-air programming, home
mobile operators will be able to direct customers to networks with the lowest
charges. As dual mode handsets become ubiquitous and as new entrant GSM 1800
operators reach nationwide coverage, second-mover disadvantages will disappear.
Given the relatively small roaming volumes that GSM 1800 operators currently
provide, they should have an incentive to lower charges in exchange for
preferred roaming status. On the demand side of wholesale roaming markets, it
will be the larger GSM 900 operators, and in particular those with a
pan-European footprint, that will ask for lower charges in exchange for
preferred roaming status. This could discriminate against mobile operators in
downstream retail markets that do not have a pan-European footprint and that
lack the bargaining power. However, arbitrage by roaming brokers, new entry and
wider geographical markets on the retail roaming level will work against this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123748 </DOCNO>
RX J2217.9--5941: A highly X-ray variable Narrow-Line Seyfert1 galaxy


  We report the discovery of a highly X-ray variable AGN, RX J2217.9-5941. This
object was bright during the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS), during which a
decrease in the count rate by a factor of 12 was observed. It was found to be
much fainter in follow-up HRI observations and is therefore an X-ray transient
AGN candidate. On long time scales of years, its count rate decreased by a
factor of about 30 between the RASS and the ROSAT HRI and ASCA observations in
1998. Analysis of the ASCA data, complicated by source confusion and poor
statistics, tentatively indicates a steep spectrum in the faint state. There is
no evidence for variability among 5 optical observations of the object obtained
between 1992 and 1998. We discuss the variability of RX J2217.9-5941 and its
possible X-ray transient nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96289 </DOCNO>
Some remarks on the universal cover of an open K3 surface


  We shall give, in an optimal form, a sufficient numerical condition for the
finiteness of the fundamental group of the smooth locus of a normal K3 surface.
We shall moreover prove that, if the normal K3 surface is elliptic and the
above fundamental group is not finite, then there is a finite covering which is
a complex torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74984 </DOCNO>
Towards a Mass and Radius Determination of the Nearby Isolated Neutron


  We discuss efforts to determine the mass, radius, and surface composition of
the nearby compact object RX J185635-3754 from its multi-wavelength spectral
energy distribution. We compute non-magnetized model atmospheres and emergent
spectra for selected compositions and gravities, and discuss efforts to fit
existing and new observational data from ROSAT, EUVE and the HST. The spectral
energy distribution matches that expected from a heavy-element dominated
atmosphere, but not from a uniform temperature blackbody. Non-magnetic light
element atmospheres cannot be simultaneously reconciled with the optical and
X-ray data. We extend previous studies, which were limited to one fixed neutron
star mass and radius. For uniform temperature models dominated by heavy
elements, the redshift z is constrained to be 0.3 < z < 0.4 and the best-fit
mass and radius are M approx 0.9 solar masses and R approx 6 km (for a 61 pc
distance). These values for M and R together are not permitted for any
plausible equation of state, including that of a self-bound strange quark star.
A simplified two-temperature model allows masses and radii up to about 50%
larger, or a factor of 2 in the case of a black body. The observed luminosity
is consistent with the thermal emission of an isolated neutron star no older
than about 1 million years, the age inferred from available proper motion and
parallax information

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169168 </DOCNO>
Estimation of qubit states in a factorizing basis


  The optimal estimation of a quantum mechanical 2-state system (qubit) - with
N identically prepared qubits available - is obtained by measuring all qubits
simultaneously in an entangled basis. We report the experimental estimation of
qubits using a succession of N measurements on individual qubits where the
measurement basis is changed during the estimation procedure conditioned on the
outcome of previous measurements (self-learning estimation). The performance of
this adaptive algorithm is compared with other algorithms using measurements in
a factorizing basis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125068 </DOCNO>
Parallel Implementation of the PHOENIX Generalized Stellar Atmosphere


  We describe two parallel algorithms for line opacity calculations based on a
local file and on a global file approach. The performance and scalability of
both approaches is discussed for different test cases and very different
parallel computing systems. The results show that a global file approach is
more efficient on high-performance parallel supercomputers with dedicated
parallel I/O subsystem whereas the local file approach is very useful on farms
of workstations, e.g., cheap PC clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128719 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium abundances in hot DA white dwarfs as derived from


  We present the first analysis of an EUV selected sample of hot DA white
dwarfs using a new type of atmospheric models. These models take into account
the interplay between gravitational settling and radiative acceleration to
predict the chemical stratification from an equilibrium between the two forces
while self-consistently solving for the atmospheric structure. In contrast to
atmospheric models with the assumption of chemical homogeneity, the number of
free parameters in the new models is reduced to the effective temperature and
surface gravity alone. The overall good reproduction of observed EUV spectra
reveals that these models are able to describe the physical conditions in hot
DA white dwarf atmospheres correctly. A comparison with previous analyses
highlights the improvements as well as the limits of our new models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168223 </DOCNO>
Multiparticle entanglement with quantum logic networks: Application to


  We show how to construct a multi-qubit control gate on a quantum register of
an arbitrary size N. This gate performs a single-qubit operation on a specific
qubit conditioned by the state of other N-1 qubits. We provide an algorithm how
to build up an array of networks consisting of single-qubit rotations and
multi-qubit control-NOT gates for the synthesis of an arbitrary entangled
quantum state of N qubits. We illustrate the algorithm on a system of cold
trapped ions. This example illuminates the efficiency of the direct
implementation of the multi-qubit CNOT gate compared to its decomposition into
a network of two-qubit CNOT gates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 813 </DOCNO>
Local gauge invariance and formation of topological defects


  In superconductors, and in other systems with a local U(1) gauge invariance,
there are two mechanisms that form topological defects in phase transitions. In
addition to the standard Kibble mechanism, thermal fluctuations of the magnetic
field also lead to defect formation. This mechanism is specific to local gauge
theories, predicts a qualitatively different spatial defect distribution and is
the dominant source for topological defects in slow transitions. I review the
arguments that lead to these conclusions and discuss possibilities of testing
the scenario in superconductor experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95828 </DOCNO>
Sur les transformations de contact au-dessus des surfaces


  Let S be a compact surface - or the interior of a compact surface - and let V
be the manifold of cooriented contact elements of S equiped with its canonical
contact structure. A diffeomorphism of V that preserves the contact structure
and its coorientation is called a contact transformation over S. We prove the
following results. 1) If S is neither a sphere nor a torus then the inclusion
of the diffeomorphism group of S into the contact transformation group is
0-connected. 2) If S is a sphere then the contact transformation group is
connected. 3) if S is a torus then the homomorphism from the contact
transformation group of S to the automorphism group of $H_1(V) \simeq Z^3$ has
connected fibers and the image is (known to be) the stabilizer of $Z^2 \times
\{0\}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7175 </DOCNO>
Coulomb "blockade" of Nuclear Spin Relaxation in Quantum Dots


  We study the mechanism of nuclear spin relaxation in quantum dots due to the
electron exchange with 2D gas. We show that the nuclear spin relaxation rate is
dramatically affected by the Coulomb blockade and can be controlled by gate
voltage. In the case of strong spin-orbit coupling the relaxation rate is
maximal in the Coulomb blockade valleys whereas for the weak spin-orbit
coupling the maximum of the nuclear spin relaxation rate is near the Coulomb
blockade peaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126148 </DOCNO>
The spectral energy distribution of self-gravitating protostellar disks


  The long wavelength emission of protostellar objects is commonly attributed
to a disk of gas and dust around the central protostar. In the first stages of
disk accretion or in the case of high mass protostars, the disk mass is likely
to be sufficiently large, so that the disk self-gravity may have an impact on
the dynamics and the emission properties of the disk. In this paper we describe
the spectral energy distribution (SED) produced by a simple, non-flaring,
self-gravitating accretion disk model. Self-gravity is included in the
calculation of the rotation curve of the disk and in the energy balance
equation, as a term of effective heating related to Jeans instability. In order
to quantify in detail the requirements on the mass of the disk and on the
accretion rate posed on the models by realistic situations, we compare the SEDs
produced by these models with the observed SEDs of a small sample of
well-studied protostellar objects. We find that relatively modest disks - even
lighter than the central star - can lead to an interesting fit to the infrared
SED of the FU Orionis objects considered, while in the case of T Tauri stars
the required parameters fall outside the range suggested as acceptable by the
general theoretical and observational scenario. On the basis of the present
results, we may conclude that the contribution of a self-gravitating disk is
plausible in several cases (in particular, for FU Orionis objects) and that, in
the standard irradiation dominated disk scenario, it would help softening the
requirements encountered by Keplerian accretion models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125636 </DOCNO>
The first ISO ERO: a dusty quasar at z = 1.5


  We report the discovery of an extremely red object (ERO) in a medium-deep
ISOCAM extragalactic survey. The object is also a radio source. Subsequent VLT
NIR spectroscopy revealed a prominent Halpha line giving a redshift of 1.5. We
present the spectrum and photometric data points and discuss evidence that ISO
J1324-2016 is a quasar harbouring a significant amount of very hot dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76790 </DOCNO>
The Relativistic Bound State Problem in QCD: Transverse Lattice Methods


  The formalism for describing hadrons using a light-cone Hamiltonian of SU(N)
gauge theory on a coarse transverse lattice is reviewed. Physical gauge degrees
of freedom are represented by disordered flux fields on the links of the
lattice. A renormalised light-cone Hamiltonian is obtained by making a
colour-dielectric expansion for the link-field interactions. Parameters in the
Hamiltonian are renormalised non-perturbatively by seeking regions in parameter
space with enhanced Lorentz symmetry. In the case of pure gauge theories to
lowest non-trivial order of the colour-dielectric expansion, this is sufficient
to determine accurately all parameters in the large-N limit. We summarize
results from applications to glueballs. After quarks are added, the Hamiltonian
and Hilbert space are expanded in both dynamical fermion and link fields.
Lorentz and chiral symmetry are not sufficient to accurately determine all
parameters to lowest non-trivial order of these expansions. However, Lorentz
symmetry and one phenomenological input, a chiral symmetry breaking scale, are
enough to fix all parameters unambiguously. Applications to light-light and
heavy-light mesons are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113696 </DOCNO>
Wheeler-Feynman Absorber Theory Viewed by Model of Expansive


  The present contribution documents the harmony of postulates and conclusions
of Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory and the model of Expansive Nondecelerative
Universe. A relationship connecting advanced electromagnetic waves and
gravitational field quanta is rationalized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2562 </DOCNO>
From the Dynamically Nanostructured Liquid to the Glassy State: A


  Based on experimental evidences we present a phenomenological description of
the thermal glass transition as a dynamical phase transition. Different
susceptibilities calculated on the basis of this description are in good
qualitative agreement with experimental data. As an essential feature this
novel view of the glass transition reflects the kinetic as well as the
transition aspect of the thermal glass transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129057 </DOCNO>
Frequentist Estimation of Cosmological Parameters from the MAXIMA-1


  We use a frequentist statistical approach to set confidence intervals on the
values of cosmological parameters using the MAXIMA-1 and COBE measurements of
the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. We define a
$\Delta \chi^{2}$ statistic, simulate the measurements of MAXIMA-1 and COBE,
determine the probability distribution of the statistic, and use it and the
data to set confidence intervals on several cosmological parameters. We compare
the frequentist confidence intervals to Bayesian credible regions. The
frequentist and Bayesian approaches give best estimates for the parameters that
agree within 15%, and confidence interval-widths that agree within 30%. The
results also suggest that a frequentist analysis gives slightly broader
confidence intervals than a Bayesian analysis. The frequentist analysis gives
values of \Omega=0.89{+0.26\atop -0.19}, \Omega_{\rm B}h^2=0.026{+0.020\atop
-0.011} and n=1.02{+0.31\atop -0.10}, and the Bayesian analysis gives values of
\Omega=0.98{+0.14\atop -0.19}, \Omega_{\rm B}h^2=0.0.029{+0.015\atop -0.010},
and $n=1.18{+0.10\atop -0.23}$, all at the 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126680 </DOCNO>
The Fine Structure and Outskirts of DDO 154


  Mapping of the HI disk of the isolated irregular galaxy DDO 154 with the C
array of the Very Large Array and with the 3.2' upgraded Arecibo beam is
presented. Our results show a truncation (or temporary drop) of the HI disk at
a column density around 10^19 atoms cm^-2, consistent with theoretical
expectations for the truncation produced by the extragalactic UV field. We also
detect a marginally significant levelling off of the HI distribution along the
continuation of the major axis at a column density near 2X10^18 atoms cm^-2.
The VLA results show that the gas beyond ~6' in radius must be relatively
smooth, with no structure larger in size than ~300 pc exhibiting a density
contrast of a factor of 10 or more. However, there is considerable
few-hundred-parsec scale structure in the gas disk at smaller radii, even well
outside the regions where there are visible stars. Two prominent cavities well
removed from any significant stellar populations are studied. While the
energies required for evacuation are consistent with those produced by multiple
supernovae, there is no visible trace of stars within a kpc of the center of
the larger cavity, and the smaller of the two cavities is centered just outside
the 26.5 mag arcsec^-2 B isophote. The velocity dispersion of the gas, measured
within our 270 pc beam, is 7 to 8 km s^-1 throughout the disk (to 6' radius).
This translates to a scaleheight of ~700 pc at the point where the rotation
curve flattens, at a radius of ~4.5 kpc. Velocity profiles are well fit by
single gaussians at all points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5777 </DOCNO>
Stretched exponential relaxation in a diffusive lattice model


  We studied the single dimer dynamics in a lattice diffusive model as a
function of particle density in the high densification regime. The mean square
displacement is found to be subdiffusive both in one and two dimensions. The
spatial dependence of the self part of the van Hove correlation function
displays as function of $r$ a single peak and signals a dramatic slow down of
the system for high density. The self intermediate scattering function is
fitted to the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts law. The exponent $\beta$ extracted
from the fits is density independent while the relaxation time $\tau$ follows a
scaling law with an exponent 2.5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86145 </DOCNO>
Photons from quantized electric flux representations


  The quantum theory of U(1) connections admits a diffeomorphism invariant
representation in which the electric flux through any surface is quantized.
This representation is the analog of the representation of quantum SU(2) theory
used in loop quantum gravity. We investigate the relation between this
representation, in which the basic excitations are `polymer-like', and the Fock
representation, in which the basic excitations are wave-like photons. We show
that normalizable states in the Fock space are associated with `distributional'
states in the quantized electric flux representation. This work is motivated by
the question of how wave-like gravitons in linearised gravity arise from
polymer-like states in non-perturbative loop quantum gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75905 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic transition form factors and dilepton decay rates of


  Relativistic, kinematically complete phenomenological expressions for the
dilepton decay rates of nucleon resonances with arbitrary spin and parity are
derived in terms of the magnetic, electric, and Coulomb transition form
factors. The dilepton decay rates of the nucleon resonances with masses below 2
GeV are estimated using the extended vector meson dominance model for the
transition form factors. The model provides a unified description of the photo-
and electroproduction data, the vector meson decays, and the dilepton decays of
the nucleon resonances. The constraints on the transition form factors from the
quark counting rules are taken into account. The parameters of the model are
fixed by fitting the available photo- and electroproduction data and using
results of the multichannel partial-wave analysis of the $\pi N$ scattering.
Where experimental data are not available, predictions of the non-relativistic
quark models are used as an input. The vector meson coupling constants of the
magnetic, electric, and Coulomb types are determined. The dilepton widths and
the dilepton spectra from decays of nucleon resonances with masses below 2 GeV
are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96005 </DOCNO>
Irreducible Modules of Finite Dimensional Quantum Algebras of type A at


  Specializing properly the parameters contained in the maximal cyclic
representation of the non-restricted A-type quantum algebra at roots of unity,
we find the unique primitive vector in it. We show that the submodule generated
by the primitive vector can be identified with an irreducble highest weight
module of the finite dimensional A-type quantum algebra which is defined as the
subalgebra of the restricted quantum algebra at roots of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169231 </DOCNO>
Computational capacity of the universe


  Merely by existing, all physical systems register information. And by
evolving dynamically in time, they transform and process that information. The
laws of physics determine the amount of information that a physical system can
register (number of bits) and the number of elementary logic operations that a
system can perform (number of ops). The universe is a physical system. This
paper quantifies the amount of information that the universe can register and
the number of elementary operations that it can have performed over its
history. The universe can have performed no more than $10^{120}$ ops on
$10^{90}$ bits.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95720 </DOCNO>
On Aubry sets and Mather's action functional


  We study Lagrangian systems on a closed manifold. We link the
differentiability of Mather's beta-function with the topological complexity of
the complement of the Aubry set. As a consequence, when the dimension of the
manifold is less that or equal to three, the differentiability of the
beta-function at a given homology class is forced by the irrationality of the
homology class. As an application we prove the two-dimensional case of two
conjectures by Ricardo Mane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5978 </DOCNO>
Quantum decay rates for driven barrier potentials in the strong friction


  Quantum decay rates for barrier potentials driven by external stochastic and
periodic forces in the strong damping regime are studied. Based on the recently
derived quantum Smoluchowski equation [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 87}, 086802
(2001)] explicit analytical and numerical results are presented for the case of
the resonant activation phenomenon in a bistable potential and the escape from
a metastablwell with oscillating barrier, respectively. The significant impact
of quantum fluctuations is revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123555 </DOCNO>
The Be/X-ray transient 4U 0115+63/V635 Cas: II. Outburst mechanisms


  We present multi-wavelength long-term monitoring observations of V635 Cas,
the optical counterpart to the transient X-ray pulsar 4U0115+63. The evolution
of emission lines and photometric magnitudes indicates that the Be star
undergoes relatively fast (~ 3-5 yr) quasi-cyclic activity, losing and
reforming its circumstellar disc. We show that the general optical, infrared
and X-ray behaviour can be explained by the dynamical evolution of the viscous
circumstellar disc around the Be star. After each disc-loss episode, the disc
starts reforming and grows until it reaches the radius at which the resonant
interaction of the neutron star truncates it. At some point, the disc becomes
unstable to (presumably radiative) warping and then tilts and starts
precessing. The tilting is very large and disc precession leads to a succession
of single-peaked and shell profiles in the emission lines. Type II X-ray
outbursts take place after the disc has been strongly disturbed and we
speculate that the distortion of the disc leads to interaction with the
orbiting neutron star.
 We discuss the implications of these correlated optical/X-ray variations for
the different models proposed to explain the occurrence of X-ray outbursts in
Be/X-ray binaries. We show that the hypothesis of mass ejection events as the
cause of the spectacular variability and X-ray outbursts is unlikely to be
meaningful for any Be/X-ray binary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85941 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Strings and Closed Time-Like Curves in Teleparallel Gravity


  Closed Time-like curves (CTC) in Cosmic strings in teleparallel $T_{4}$
gravity are forbidden.This result shown here in $T_{4}$ was shown by Soleng
(Phys.Rev.D49 (1994)1124) also to be valid in Einstein-Cartan (EC) gravity.Here
we show that in $T_{4}$ to allow for CTC we are also led to a lower bound on
the angular momentum of the cosmic string.This result is obtained by matching
the interior $T_{4}$ solution to a General Relativity (GR) vacuum solution.One
of the main differences of the present report and the one by Soleng is that
here the interior symmetric solution does not have necessary polarized spins
but only Cartan torsion in the spirit of teleparallelism.Torsion flux is
computed and it is show that the center of cylinder singularity corresponds to
a 2+1 spacetime rotating point particle in $T_{4}$.Therefore the possibility of
building time machines seems to be strongly constraint than in the case of EC
gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149171 </DOCNO>
Non-local corrections to the Dirac equation


  The Dirac equation is not semisimple. We therefore construct it as a
contraction of a simple theory. The underlying simple structure is necessarily
purely algebraic and non-local. It consists of many isomorphic distinguishable
qubits with Clifford-Wilczek statistics and spin $\hbar/2$, having a Clifford
algebra with 6N generators as algebra of observables. The quantum imaginary
$i\hbar$ arises as the vacuum value of a dynamical variable, whose
back-reaction provides the Dirac mass. On operational grounds the non-locality
is ~10^{-25} sec and the associated mass is about the Higgs mass. The
simplified Dirac equation is exactly Lorentz invariant but has the symmetry
group SO(3,3) instead of the Poincar\'e group, and has a non-standard small but
unique spin-orbit coupling ~1/N, whose observation would be some evidence for
the simpler theory. All the fields of the Standard Model call for similar
non-local simplification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98378 </DOCNO>
Invariants of Boundary Link Cobordism


  An n-dimensional \mu-component boundary link is a codimension 2 embedding of
spheres L=\bigsqcup_{\mu}S^n \subset S^{n+2} such that there exist \mu disjoint
oriented embedded (n+1)-manifolds which span the components of L. An F_\mu-link
is a boundary link together with a cobordism class of such spanning manifolds.
The F_\mu-link cobordism group C_n(F_\mu) is known to be trivial when n is even
but not finitely generated when n is odd.
  Our main result is an algorithm to decide whether two odd-dimensional
F_\mu-links represent the same cobordism class in C_{2q-1}(F_\mu) assuming q>1.
We proceed to compute the isomorphism class of C_{2q-1}(F_\mu), generalizing
Levine's computation of the knot cobordism group C_{2q-1}(F_1).
  Our starting point is the algebraic formulation of Levine, Ko and Mio who
identify C_{2q-1}(F_\mu) with a surgery obstruction group, the Witt group
G^{(-1)^q,\mu}(Z) of \mu-component Seifert matrices. We obtain a complete set
of torsion-free invariants by passing from integer coefficients to complex
coefficients and by applying the algebraic machinery of Quebbemann, Scharlau
and Schulte. Signatures correspond to `algebraically integral' simple self-dual
representations of a certain quiver (directed graph with loops). These
representations, in turn, correspond to algebraic integers on an infinite
disjoint union of real affine varieties.
  To distinguish torsion classes, we consider rational coefficients in place of
complex coefficients, expressing G^{(-1)^q,\mu}(Q) as an infinite direct sum of
Witt groups of finite-dimensional division Q-algebras with involution.
Numerical invariants of such Witt groups are available in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85842 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Memory ? - a Perturbative Approach


  It has been pointed out that the value of the gravitational ``constant'' in
the early universe may be different from that at present. In that case, it was
conjectured that primordial black holes may ``remember'' the value of the
gravitational constant in the early universe. The present analysis shows that
this is not the case, at least in certain contexts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41823 </DOCNO>
Physics at the B Factories


  We review recent progress at the two $e^+ e^-$ B factories. The first
measurement of CP violation and the prospects for measuring all the angles of
the unitarity triangle are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124721 </DOCNO>
A Chandra Observation of M51: Active Nucleus and Nuclear Outflows


  We present a Chandra ACIS-S observation of the nuclear region of the nearby
spiral galaxy M51 (NGC 5194), which has a low-luminosity Seyfert 2 nucleus. The
X-ray image shows the nucleus, southern extranuclear cloud, and northern loop,
the morphology of the extended emission being very similar to those seen in
radio continuum and optical emission line images. The X-ray spectrum of the
nucleus is well represented by a model consisting of soft thermal plasma with
kT ~0.5 keV, a very hard continuum, and an Fe Kalpha emission line at 6.45 keV
with an equivalent width of >2 keV. The very strong Fe line and the flat
continuum indicate that the nucleus is obscured by a column density in excess
of 10^24 cm^-2 and the spectrum is dominated by reflected emission from cold
matter near the nucleus. The X-ray spectra of the extranuclear clouds are well
fitted by a thermal plasma model with kT ~0.5 keV. This spectral shape and
morphology strongly suggest that the clouds are shock heated by the bi-polar
outflow from the nucleus. The shock velocities of the extranuclear cloud and
northern loop inferred from the temperatures of the X-ray gas are 690 km/s and
660 km/s, respectively. By assuming a steady-state situation in which the
emission of the extranuclear clouds is powered by the jets, the mechanical
energy in the jets is found to be comparable to the bolometric luminosity of
the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86156 </DOCNO>
The first BritGrav meeting


  The first British Gravity Meeting was held at the University of Southampton,
UK, on 27/28 March. 47 10-minute plenary talks were given. Here are the
abstracts in the order given. A brief conference report will also appear in
Matters of Gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76033 </DOCNO>
Low energy threshold corrections to neutrino masses and mixing angles


  We compute the low energy threshold corrections to neutrino masses and mixing
in the Standard Model (SM) and its minimal supersymmetric version, using the
effective theory technique. We demonstrate that they stabilize the
renormalization group (RG) running with respect to the choice of the scale to
which the RG equation is integrated. This confirms the correctness of the
recent re-derivation of the RGE for the SM in hep-ph/0108005. The explicit
formulae for the low energy threshold corrections corrections can be applied to
specific models of neutrino masses and mixing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126044 </DOCNO>
The determination of the age of Globular Clusters: a statistical


  We present a statistical approach for determining the age of Globular
Clusters (GCs) that allows estimating the age derived from CMDs more accurately
than the conventional methods of the isochrone fitting. We measure how closely
a set of synthetic CMDs constructed from different evolutionary models resemble
the observed ones by determining the likelihood using Saha and Chi-square
statistics. The model which best matches the observational data, of a set of
plausible ones, is the one with the highest value of the estimator. We apply
this method to a set of three different evolutionary models presented by three
different authors. Each of theses sets consists again of many different models
of various chemical abundances, ages, input physics and there alike. We
subsequently derive the age of GCs NGC 6397, M92 and M3. With a confidence
level of 99%, we find that the best estimate of the age is 14.0 Gyrs within the
range of 13.8 to 14.4 Gyrs for NGC 6397, 14.75 Gyrs within the range of 14.50
to 15.40 Gyrs for M92, and 16.0 Gyrs within the range of 15.9 to 16.3 Gyrs for
M3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76762 </DOCNO>
Surface Electric Field of Bare Strange Stars


  The surface electric characteristics of bare strange stars are investigated
with the inclusion of boundary effects. The thickness of the electron layer
where pairs can be spontaneously created is calculated as a function of the bag
parameters. We find that previous estimates are representative for bag
parameters within a rather wide range, and therefore our results favor the
thermal radiation mechanism of bare strange stars advanced by V. V. Usov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2368 </DOCNO>
Influence of quantum fluctuations on zero-temperature phase transitions


  We study a square-lattice spin-half Heisenberg model where frustration is
introduced by competing nearest-neighbor bonds of different signs. We discuss
the influence of quantum fluctuations on the nature of the zero-temperature
phase transitions from phases with collinear magnetic order at small
frustration to phases with noncollinear spiral order at large frustration. We
use the coupled cluster method (CCM) for high orders of approximation (up to
LSUB6) and the exact diagonalization of finite systems (up to 32 sites) to
calculate ground-state properties. The role of quantum fluctuations is examined
by comparing the ferromagnetic-spiral and the antiferromagnetic-spiral
transition within the same model. We find clear evidence that quantum
fluctuations prefer collinear order and that they may favour a first order
transition instead of a second order transition in case of no quantum
fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5579 </DOCNO>
Charge-density waves in one-dimensional Hubbard superlattices


  We study the formation of charge density waves (CDW's) in one-dimensional
Hubbard superlattices, modeled by a repeated pattern of repulsive (U>0) and
free (U=0) sites. By means of Lanczos diagonalizations for the ground state, we
calculate the charge structure factor. Our results show that while the
superlattice structure affects the modulation of the charge density waves, the
periodicity can still be predicted through an effective density. We also show
that, for a fixed repulsive layer thickness, the periodicity of the CDW is an
oscillatory function of the free layer thickness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149449 </DOCNO>
Quantization of the massless minimally coupled scalar field and the


  We consider the quantization of the massless minimally coupled scalar field
in de Sitter spacetime. The no-boundary Euclidean prescription naturally picks
out the de Sitter invariant vacuum state of Kirsten and Garriga. We extend
Strominger's dS/CFT correspondence to this case which allows us to interpret
the massless field in terms of a Euclidean CFT. The extension is non-trivial
and requires careful treatment of the zero mode. Since the graviton is
massless, this work may also be considered a step towards a theory of gravity
in de Sitter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127248 </DOCNO>
Deep Studies of the Resolved Stellar Populations in the Outskirts of M31


  We discuss the first results from ongoing studies of the resolved stellar
populations in the outskirts of our nearest large neighbour, M31. Deep
HST/WFPC2 archival observations are used to construct colour-magnitude-diagrams
which reach well below the horizontal branch at selected locations in the outer
disk and halo, while a panoramic ground-based imaging survey maps spatial
density variations through resolved star counts to a projected radius of ~50
kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148738 </DOCNO>
Massive 3+1 Aharonov-Bohm fermions in an MIT cylinder


  We study the effect of a background flux string on the vacuum energy of
massive Dirac fermions in 3+1 dimensions confined to a finite spatial region
through MIT boundary conditions. We treat two admissible self-adjoint
extensions of the Hamiltonian. The external sector is also studied and
unambiguous results for the Casimir energy of massive fermions in the whole
space are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96687 </DOCNO>
Symmetric Spaces and Star representations II : Causal Symmetric Spaces


  We construct and identify star representations canonically associated with
holonomy reducible simple symplectic symmetric spaces. This leads the a
non-commutative geometric realization of the correspondence between causal
symmetric spaces of Cayley type and Hermitian symmetric spaces of tube type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76892 </DOCNO>
Dimming of Supernovae by Photon-Pseudoscalar Conversion and the


  Recently Csaki, Kaloper and Terning (hep-ph/0111311) suggested that the
observed dimming of distant type Ia supernovae may be a consequence of mixing
of the photons with very light axions. We point out that the effect of the
plasma, in which the photons are propagating, must be taken into account. This
effect changes the oscillation probability and renders the dimming
frequency-dependent, contrary to observations. One may hope to accommodate the
data by averaging the oscillations over many different coherence domains. We
estimate the effect of coherence loss, either due to the inhomogeneities of the
magnetic field or of the intergalactic plasma. These estimates indicate that
the achromaticity problem can be resolved only with very specific, and probably
unrealistic, properties of the intergalactic medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6609 </DOCNO>
Shear flow and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in superfluids


  The first realization of instabilities in the shear flow between two
superfluids is examined. The interface separating the A and B phases of
superfluid He-3 is magnetically stabilized. With uniform rotation we create a
state with discontinuous tangential velocities at the interface, supported by
the difference in quantized vorticity in the two phases. This state remains
stable and nondissipative to high relative velocities, but finally undergoes an
instability when an interfacial mode is excited and some vortices cross the
phase boundary. The measured properties of the instability are consistent with
a modified Kelvin-Helmholtz theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6256 </DOCNO>
Finite-temperature perturbation theory for quasi-one-dimensional


  We develop a finite-temperature perturbation theory for quasi-one-dimensional
quantum spin systems, in the manner suggested by H.J. Schulz (1996) and use
this formalism to study their dynamical response. The corrections to the
random-phase approximation formula for the dynamical magnetic susceptibility
obtained with this method involve multi-point correlation functions of the
one-dimensional theory on which the random-phase approximation expansion is
built. This ``anisotropic'' perturbation theory takes the form of a systematic
high-temperature expansion. This formalism is first applied to the estimation
of the N\'eel temperature of S=1/2 cubic lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnets.
It is then applied to the compound Cs$_2$CuCl$_4$, a frustrated S=1/2
antiferromagnet with a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya anisotropy. Using the next leading
order to the random-phase approximation, we determine the improved values for
the critical temperature and incommensurability. Despite the non-universal
character of these quantities, the calculated values are different by less than
a few percent from the experimental values for both compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40949 </DOCNO>
Hadronic B Decays to Charmless Final States and to J/psi K*


  Preliminary results from the BABAR experiment on charmless B decays to
charged pions or kaons, and the measurement of the B -> J/psi K* decay
amplitudes are presented. The data sample, collected at the asymmetric-energy
B-factory PEP-II at SLAC, comprises a total number of 22.7 million Y(4S)
decays, corresponding to an integrated on-resonance luminosity of approximately
21 fb-1. We measure the following CP-averaged branching fractions:
  BR(B -> pi+pi-) = (4.1 +- 1.0(stat) +- 0.7(sys))xE-6 BR(B -> K+pi-) = (16.7
+- 1.6(stat) +1.2-1.7(sys))xE-6
  and an upper limit of BR(B -> K+K-) < 2.5xE-6, at 90% confidence limit. The
measurement of the J/psi K* decay amplitudes results in R_\perp = 0.160 +-
0.032(stat) +- 0.036(sys), and reveals a dominant longitudinal component. The
phase of the longitudinal amplitude shows evidence for non-vanishing final
state interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5961 </DOCNO>
Adsorption of a random heteropolymer with self-interactions onto an


  We consider the adsorption of a random heteropolymer onto an interface within
the model by Garel et al. [1] by taking into account self-interactions between
the monomers. Within the replica trick and by using a self-consistent
preaveraging procedure we map the adsorption problem onto the problem of
binding state of a quantum mechanical Hamiltonian. The analysis of the latter
is treated within the variational method based on the 2-nd Legendre transform.
We have found that self-interactions favor the localization. The effect is
intensified with decrease of the temperature. Within a model without taking
into account the repulsive ternary monomer-monomer interactions we predict a
reentrant localization transition for large values of the asymmetry of the
heteropolymer and at low enough temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5717 </DOCNO>
High pressure transport study of non-Fermi liquid behaviour in U2Pt2In


  The strongly correlated metals U2Pt2In and U3Ni3Sn4 show pronounced non-Fermi
liquid (NFL) phenomena at ambient pressure. Here we review single-crystal
electrical resistivity measurements under pressure (p <= 1.8 GPa) conducted to
investigate the stability of the NFL phase. For tetragonal U2Pt2In (I||a) we
observe a rapid recovery of the Fermi-liquid T^2-term with pressure. The
Fermi-liquid temperature varies as T_FL ~ p-p_c, where p_c= 0 is a critical
pressure. The analysis within the magnetotransport theory of Rosch provides
evidence for the location of U2Pt2In at a zero pressure antiferromagnetic
quantum critical point (QCP). In the case of cubic U3Ni3Sn4 we find T_FL ~
(p-p_c)^1/2. The analysis provides evidence for an antiferromagnetic QCP in
U3Ni3Sn4 at a negative pressure p_c= -0.04+-0.04 GPa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95759 </DOCNO>
Some homological invariants of mapping class group of a 3-dimensional


  We show that, if g is more than or equal to 2, the virtual cohomological
dimension of the mapping class group of a 3-dimensional handlebody of genus g
is equal to 4g-5 and the Euler number of it is equal to 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2321 </DOCNO>
Vortex-Glass Melting Transition and Scaling Behavior in the Cuprate


  We have investigated the vortex-glass transition for the cuprate
superconductor
 Nd2-xCexCuOy (NCCO) in the region of low temperatures (T < 4.4 K) and moderate
up to high magnetic fields (3 T < B < 5 T) compared to the upper critical field
Bc2 (Bc2 approx. 6 T for NCCO). We analyzed our data using the vortex-glass
theory and found an excellent scaling behavior of the current-voltage
characteristics in this temperature region. The critical exponents have been
calculated and were compared to the few available investigations for NCCO and
to the results for other materials. Additionally we determined the melting line
for low temperatures and compared it to the available literature data. In this
way we could draw a complete picture of the mixed-state phase diagram for this
material. The knowledge about the phase diagram is crucial for the
understanding of the transport properties of the high-Tc cuprates in the mixed
state. It is found that for NCCO, thermal fluctuations play an important role
even at temperatures below 4.2 K. This is possibly due to the relatively high
anisotropy of this material. An extrapolation procedure is proposed in order to
overcome our experimental limitation of the temperature range and to obtain the
melting line for T > 4.4 K. A kink in the extrapolated portion of the melting
line is found and explained in terms of a loss of universality of the critical
exponents for temperatures T > 6 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76212 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of the gluonic couplings of the Standard Model Higgs Boson


  The mixing of the Standard Model Higgs boson with a ttbar scalar bound state
(arising from a new stronger-than-QCD interaction) can enhance the Higgs
boson's coupling to two gluons. It is possible that the two-gluon decay mode of
a light Higgs boson may even dominate. This alters the Higgs boson search
strategy at Tevatron Run 2 in a significant way. We present a simple model in
which such a scenario may be realized. The modifications to the Higgs search
signal, as well as further experimental tests of this scenario are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3668 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram of the Kondo necklace: a mean-field renormalization group


  In this paper we investigate the magnetic properties of heavy fermions in the
antiferromagnetic and dense Kondo phases in the framework of the Kondo necklace
model. We use a mean field renormalization group approach to obtain a
temperature versus Kondo coupling $(T-J)$ phase diagram for this model in
qualitative agreement with Doniach's diagram, proposed on physical grounds. We
further analyze the magnetically disordered phase using a two-sites approach.
We calculate the correlation functions and the magnetic susceptibility that
allow to identify the crossover between the spin-liquid and the local moment
regimes, which occurs at a {\em coherence} temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148440 </DOCNO>
The Semi-Classical Relativistic Darwin Potential for Spinning Particles


  In the semiclassical approximation of Grassmann-valued electric charges for
regularizing Coulomb self-energies, we extract the unique
acceleration-independent interaction hidden in any Lienard-Wiechert solution
for the system of N positive-energy spinning particles plus the electromagnetic
field in the radiation gauge of the rest-frame instant form. With the help of a
semiclassical Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, this allows us to find the
relativistic semiclassical Darwin potential. In the 2-body case the
quantization of the lowest order reproduces exactly the results from the
reduction of the Bethe-Salpeter equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125292 </DOCNO>
A study of the H2O maser emission from R Cas


  We describe the monitoring program we have been carrying out during the past
10 years on a sample of late-type stars, with the Medicina 32-m and Effelsberg
100-m antennas. We discuss the observations on the Mira-variable R Cas in some
detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149474 </DOCNO>
Open String States around a Classical Solution in Vacuum String Field


  We construct a classical solution of vacuum string field theory (VSFT) and
study whether it represents the perturbative open string vacuum. Our solution
is given as a squeezed state in the Siegel gauge, and it fixes the arbitrary
coefficients in the BRST operator in VSFT. We identify the tachyon and massless
vector states as fluctuation modes around the classical solution. The tachyon
mass squared \alpha m_t^2 is given in a closed form using the Neumann
coefficients defining the three-string vertex, and it reproduces numerically
the expected value of -1 to high precision. The ratio of the potential height
of the solution to the D25-brane tension is also given in terms of the Neumann
coefficients. However, the behavior of the potential height in level truncation
does not match our expectation, though there are subtle points in the analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72465 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Quantum Chromodynamics


  This study proposes that the longstanding problems of quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) as an SU(3)_C gauge theory, the confinement mechanism and \Theta vacuum,
can be resolved by dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking (DSSB) through the
condensation of singlet gluons and quantum nucleardynamics (QND) as an SU(2)_N
\times U(1)_Z gauge theory is produced. The confinement mechanism is the result
of massive gluons and the Yukawa potential provides hadron formation. The
evidences for the breaking of discrete symmetries (C, P, T, CP) during DSSB
appear explicitly: baryons and mesons without their parity partners, the
conservation of vector current and the partial conservation of the axial vector
current, the baryon asymmetry \delta_B \simeq 10^{-10}, and the neutron
electric dipole moment \Theta < 10^{-9}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73415 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Infrared Fixed Point Structure in Minimal Supersymmetric


  We reconsider the Infrared Quasi Fixed Points which were studied recently in
the literature in the context of the Baryon and Lepton number violating Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (hep-ph/0011274). The complete analysis requires
further care and reveals more structure than what was previously shown. The
formalism we develop here is quite general, and can be readily applied to a
large class of models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96584 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphism invariant Colombeau algebras. Part III: Global theory


  We present the construction of an associative, commutative algebra $\hat
{\mathcal G}$ of generalized functions on a manifold $X$ satisfying the
following optimal set of permanence properties:
  (i)The space of distributions on $X$ is linearly embedded into $\hat
{\mathcal G}$, $f(p)\equiv 1$ is the unity in the algebra.
  (ii) For every smooth vector field $\xi$ on $X$ there exists a derivation
operator $\hat L_\xi: \hat {\mathcal G} \to \hat {\mathcal G}$ which is linear
and satisfies the Leibniz rule.
  (iii) $L_\xi$ restricted to the space of distributions on $X$ is the usual
Lie derivative.
  (iv) Multiplication in the algebra restricted to the space of smooth
functions is the usual (pointwise) product of functions.
  Moreover, the basic building blocks of $\hat {\mathcal G}$ are defined in
purely intrinsic terms of the manifold $X$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97365 </DOCNO>
Covariant Thermodynamics of Quantum Systems: Passivity, Semipassivity,


  According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, cycles applied to
thermodynamic equilibrium states cannot perform work (passivity property of
thermodyamic equilibrium states). In the presence of matter this can hold only
in the rest frame of the matter, as moving matter drives, e.g., windmills and
turbines. If, however, a homogeneous and stationary state has the property that
no cycle can perform more work than an ideal windmill, then it can be shown
that there is some inertial frame where the state is a thermodynamic
equilibrium state. This provides a covariant characterization of thermodynamic
equilibrium states.
  In the absence of matter, cycles should perform work only when driven by
nonstationary inertial forces caused by the observer's motion. If a pure state
of a relativistic quantum field theory behaves this way, it satisfies the
spectrum condition and exhibits the Unruh effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5324 </DOCNO>
A Fluid Dynamics Calculation of Sputtering from a Cylindrical Thermal


  The sputtering yield, Y, from a cylindrical thermal spike is calculated using
a two dimensional fluid dynamics model which includes the transport of energy,
momentum and mass. The results show that the high pressure built-up within the
spike causes the hot core to perform a rapid expansion both laterally and
upwards. This expansion appears to play a significant role in the sputtering
process. It is responsible for the ejection of mass from the surface and causes
fast cooling of the cascade. The competition between these effects accounts for
the nearly linear dependence of $Y$ with the deposited energy per unit depth
that was observed in recent Molecular Dynamics simulations. Based on this we
describe the conditions for attaining a linear yield at high excitation
densities and give a simple model for this yield.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 183 </DOCNO>
Unusual valence, negative charge-transfer gaps and self-doping in


  In this paper I discuss the electronic structure and properties of a
specific, rather unconventional class of transition metal (TM) compounds, e.g.
TM oxides, which formally have unusually high values of the oxidation state, or
valence, of TM. In contrast to the typical situation, in this case the
charge-transfer gap (excitation energy for the transfer of electrons from the
ligands to the TM) is very small and may even become negative. As a result a
profound modification of an electronic structure and of all the properties may
take place: there appear holes in the oxygen p-bands (``self-doping''); the
material may become the metal of a specific type; there may occur
insulator--metal transitions of a specific type; magnetic properties may be
quite different from the ones expected normally; the character of elementary
excitations may change drastically. I give general discussion of such situation
and consider several examples of corresponding systems and their specific
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168449 </DOCNO>
Remarkable relations for the expectation values of simultaneous action


  Witdrawn. Error in Eq.(14).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98757 </DOCNO>
The mondromy of the Lagrange Top and the Picard-Lefschetz formula


  The purpose of this paper is to show that the monodromy of action variables
of the Lagrange top and its generalizations can be deduced from the monodromy
of cycles on a suitable hyperelliptic curve (computed by the Picard-Lefschetz
formula).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3998 </DOCNO>
The multi-fractal structure of contrast changes in natural images: from


  We present a formalism that leads very naturally to a hierarchical
description of the different contrast structures in images, providing precise
definitions of sharp edges and other texture components. Within this formalism,
we achieve a decomposition of pixels of the image in sets, the fractal
components of the image, such that each set only contains points characterized
by a fixed stregth of the singularity of the contrast gradient in its
neighborhood. A crucial role in this description of images is played by the
behavior of contrast differences under changes in scale. Contrary to naive
scaling ideas where the image is thought to have uniform transformation
properties \cite{Fie87}, each of these fractal components has its own
transformation law and scaling exponents. A conjecture on their biological
relevance is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5747 </DOCNO>
Theoretical study of electronic Raman scattering of Borocarbide


  The electronic Raman scattering of Borocarbide superconductors is studied
based on the weak coupling theory with $s+g$-wave gap symmetry. The low energy
behaviors and the relative peak positions can be naturally understood, while
the explanation of the detailed shape of the $B_{1g}$ peak seems to require a
strong inelastic interaction not present in the weak coupling theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148788 </DOCNO>
A New Approach to Scalar Field Theory on Noncommutative Space


  A new approach to constructing the noncommutative scalar field theory is
presented. Not only between x_i and p_j, we impose commutation relations
between x_is as well as p_js, and give a new representation of x_i,p_js. We
carry out both first- and second-quantization explicitly. The
second-quantization is performed in both the operator formalism and the
functional integral one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73043 </DOCNO>
Matter Mass Generation and Theta Vacuum: Dynamical Spontaneous Symmetry


  This work proposes a stringent concept of matter mass generation and Theta
vacuum in the context of local gauge theory for the strong force under the
constraint of the flat universe. The matter mass is generated as the
consequence of dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking (DSSB) of gauge symmetry
and discrete symmetries, which is motivated by the parameter Theta representing
the surface term. Matter mass generation introduces the typical features of
constituent particle mass, dual Meissner effect, and hyperfine structure. The
Theta term plays important roles on the DSSB of the gauge group and on the
quantization of the matter and vacuum space. The Theta vacuum exhibits the
intrinsic principal number and intrinsic angular momentum for intrinsic space
quantization in analogy with the extrinsic principal number and extrinsic
angular momentum for extrinsic space quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41832 </DOCNO>
QCD studies at the high-energy linear e+e- collider


  I summarise the QCD programme at the high-energy linear e+e- collider, as
reported in the TESLA TDR and Linear Collider Physics Resource Book.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84029 </DOCNO>
SNS Standard Power Supply Interface


  The SNS has developed a standard power supply interface for the approximately
350 magnet power supplies in the SNS accumulator ring, Linac and transport
lines. Power supply manufacturers are providing supplies compatible with the
standard interface. The SNS standard consists of a VME based power supply
controller module (PSC) and a power supply interface unit (PSI) that mounts on
the power supply. Communication between the two is via a pair of multimode
fibers. This PSI/PSC system supports one 16-bit analog reference, four 16-bit
analog readbacks, fifteen digital commands and sixteen digital status bits in a
single fiber-isolated module. The system can send commands to the supplies and
read data from them synchronized to an external signal at up to a 10KHz rate.
The PSC time stamps and stores this data in a circular buffer so historical
data leading up to a fault event can be analyzed. The PSC contains a serial
port so that local testing of hardware can be accomplished with a laptop. This
paper concentrates on the software being provided to control the power supply.
It includes the EPICS driver; software to test hardware and power supplies via
the serial port and VME interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5068 </DOCNO>
The Ginzburg-Landau Free Energy Functional of Color Superconductivity at


  We derive the Ginzburg-Landau free energy functional of color
superconductivity in terms of the thermal diagrams of QCD in its perturbative
region. The zero mode of the quadratic term coefficient yields the same
transition temperature, including the pre-exponential factor, as the one
obtained previously from the Fredholm determinant of the two quark scattering
amplitude. All coefficients of the free energy can be made identical to those
of a BCS model by setting the Fermi velocity of the latter equal to the speed
of light. We also calculate the induced symmetric color condensate near $T_c$
and find that it scales as the cubic power of the dominant antisymmetric color
component. We show that in the presence of an inhomogeneity and a nonzero gauge
potential, while the color-flavor locked condensate dominates in the bulk, the
unlocked condensate, the octet, emerges as a result of a simultaneous
color-flavor rotation in the core region of a vortex filament or at the
junction of super and normal phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85921 </DOCNO>
BF gravity and the Immirzi parameter


  We propose a novel BF-type formulation of real four-dimensional gravity,
which generalizes previous models. In particular, it allows for an arbitrary
Immirzi parameter. We also construct the analogue of the Urbantke metric for
this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168618 </DOCNO>
Stability of mixed Nash equilibria in symmetric quantum games


  In bimatrix games the Bishop-Cannings theorem of the classical evolutionary
game theory does not permit pure evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs) when a
mixed ESS exists. We find the necessary form of two-qubit initial quantum
states when a switch-over to a quantum version of the game also changes the
evolutionarily stability of a mixed symmetric Nash equilibrium (NE).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7573 </DOCNO>
Domain growth by isothermal aging in 3d Ising and Heisenberg spin


  Non-equilibrium dynamics of three dimensional (3d) model spin glasses - the
Ising system Fe$_{0.50}$Mn$_{0.50}$TiO$_3$ and the Heisenberg like system AgMn
- has been investigated by measurements of the isothermal time decay of the low
frequency ac-susceptibility after a quench from the paramagnetic to the spin
glass phase. The relaxation is interpreted to arise from the growth of
equilibrium spin glass domains. All data are shown to scale according to the
logarithmic domain growth law predicted within the droplet model, $L(t) \sim
[\kb T \ln(t/\tau_0(T))/\Delta(T)]^{1/\psi}$, provided that critical
fluctuations are properly considered by identifying $\tau_0(T)$ with the
critical correlation time $\tau_c \sim |T/T_g -1|^{-z\nu}$. The results yield
significantly different exponents for the Ising compared to the Heisenberg
system, supporting the existence of 3d spin glasses of different universality
classes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3728 </DOCNO>
Maternal effects in molecular evolution


  We introduce a model of molecular evolution in which the fitness of an
individual depends both on its own and on the parent's genotype. The model can
be solved by means of a nonlinear mapping onto the standard quasispecies model.
The dependency on the parental genotypes cancels from the mean fitness, but not
from the individual sequence concentrations. For finite populations, the
position of the error threshold is very sensitive to the influence from parent
genotypes. In addition to biological applications, our model is important for
understanding the dynamics of self-replicating computer programs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98555 </DOCNO>
New RBF collocation schemes and their applications


  The purpose of this study is to apply some new RBF collocation schemes and
recently-developed kernel RBFs to various types of partial differential
equation systems. By analogy with the Fasshauer's Hermite interpolation, we
recently developed the symmetric BKM and boundary particle methods (BPM), where
the latter is based on the multiple reciprocity principle. The resulting
interpolation matrix of them is always symmetric irrespective of boundary
geometry and conditions. Furthermore, the proposed direct BKM and BPM apply the
practical physical variables rather than expansion coefficients and become very
competitive alternative to the boundary element method. On the other hand, by
using the Green integral we derive a new domain-type symmetrical RBF scheme
called as the modified Kansa method (MKM), which differs from the Fasshaure's
scheme in that the MKM discretizes both governing equation and boundary
conditions on the same boundary nodes. Therefore, the MKM significantly reduces
calculation errors at nodes adjacent to boundary with explicit mathematical
basis. Experimenting these novel RBF schemes with 2D and 3D Laplace, Helmholtz,
and convection-diffusion problems will be subject of this study. In addition,
the nonsingular high-order fundamental or general solution will be employed as
the kernel RBFs in the BKM and MKM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150230 </DOCNO>
Noncommutativity and the Motion of D$_p$-brane along Itself


  We consider open strings attached to a moving D$_p$-brane with motion along
itself, in the presence of the backgrounds $B_{\mu \nu}$-field and a U(1) gauge
field $A_{\alpha}$. The effects of the motion of the brane on the open string
propagator and on the open string variables are studied. We observe that some
free parameters appear in the open string variables and in the propagator of
it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127157 </DOCNO>
Relation between $M_{BH}$ and $M_{bulge}$: A simulation study


  The dynamical evolution of super star clusters (SSCs) moving in the
background of dark matter halo has been investigated as a possible event
causing the observed correlation between the mass of galactic bulge,
$M_{bulge}$, and the mass of its central black hole, $M_{BH}$. The involved
physical processes are the sinking of SSCs due to the dynamical friction, and
the stripping of SSCs on their way to the center. Model calculations show that
only sinking of circumnuclear SSCs contribute to both the growth of the central
object and the formation of the galactic bulge at the early stage. On the
assumption of a universal density profile for the dark matter halo, and an
isothermal model for the SSCs, our simulations have yielded the mass ratio of
the central objects to the bulges formed this way to be about a few times
$10^{-4}$, less than the observed median value for early type galaxies. It is,
however, consistent with the observed mass ratio for disk spirals, implying
that the proposed scenario might be a possible event for the formation of
bulges and central black holes of late type galaxies and for $M_{BH} -
M_{bulge}$ correlation of disk galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96337 </DOCNO>
The Coloring Ideal and Coloring Complex of a Graph


  Let $G$ be a simple graph on $d$ vertices. We define a monomial ideal $K$ in
the Stanley-Reisner ring $A$ of the order complex of the Boolean algebra on $d$
atoms. The monomials in $K$ are in one-to-one correspondence with the proper
colorings of $G$. In particular, the Hilbert polynomial of $K$ equals the
chromatic polynomial of $G$.
  The ideal $K$ is generated by square-free monomials, so $A/K$ is the
Stanley-Reisner ring of a simplicial complex $C$. The $h$-vector of $C$ is a
certain transformation of the tail $T(n)= n^d-k(n)$ of the chromatic polynomial
$k$ of $G$. The combinatorial structure of the complex $C$ is described
explicitly and it is shown that the Euler characteristic of $C$ equals the
number of acyclic orientations of $G$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126247 </DOCNO>
Measuring $\Omega_m$ with the ROSAT Deep Cluster Survey


  We analyze the ROSAT Deep Cluster Survey (RDCS) to derive cosmological
constraints from the evolution of the cluster X-ray luminosity distribution.
The sample contains 103 galaxy clusters out to z=0.85 and flux-limit Flim=3
10^{-14} cgs (RDCS-3) in the [0.5-2.0] keV energy band, with a high-z extension
containing four clusters at 0.90<z<1.26 and F>1 10^{-14} cgs (RDCS-1). Model
predictions for the cluster mass function are converted into the X-ray
luminosity function in two steps. First we convert mass into intra-cluster gas
temperature by assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. Then temperature is converted
into X-ray luminosity by using the most recent data on the Lx-T relation for
nearby and distant clusters. These include the Chandra data for seven distant
clusters at 0.57<z<1.27. From RDCS-3 we find \Omega_m=0.35+/-0.12 and
\sigma_8=0.66+/-0.06 for a spatially flat Universe with cosmological constant,
with no significant constraint on \Gamma . Even accounting for theoretical and
observational uncertainties in the mass/X-ray luminosity conversion, an
Einstein-de-Sitter model is always excluded at far more than the 3sigma level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86139 </DOCNO>
Equation of state for a classical gas of BPS black holes


  A point particle treatment to the statistical mechanics of BPS black holes in
Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory is developed. Because of the absence of the
static potential, the canonical partition function for $N$ BPS black holes can
be expressed by the volume of the moduli space for them. We estimate the
equation of state for a classical gas of BPS black holes by Pad\'e
approximation and find that the result agrees with the one obtained by the
mean-field approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127372 </DOCNO>
Stochastic excitation of stellar oscillations


  Excitation of solar oscillations is attribued to turbulent motions in the
solar convective zone. It is also currently believed that oscillations of low
massive stars (M <2 Mo) - which possess an upper convective zone - are
stochastically excited by turbulent convection in their outer layers.
  A recent theoretical work (Samadi & Goupil, 2001 ; Samadi et al, 2001)
supplements and reinforces this theory. This allows the use of any available
model of turbulence and emphasizes some recent unsolved problems which are
brought up by these new theoretical developments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149661 </DOCNO>
Quantum field theory on a discrete space and noncommutative geometry


  We analyse in detail the quantization of a simple noncommutative model of
spontaneous symmetry breaking in zero dimensions taking into account the
noncommutative setting seriously. The connection to the counting argument of
Feyman diagrams of the corresponding theory in four dimensions is worked out
explicitly. Special emphasis is put on the motivation as well as the
presentation of some well-known basic notions of quantum field theory which in
the zero-dimensional theory can be studied without being spoiled by technical
complications due to the absence of divergencies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124845 </DOCNO>
The High-Frequency QPOs in GRS 1915+105


  We analyzed two 1996 observations of the Galactic Microquasar GRS 1915+105
taken with the Proportional Counter Array on board the Rossi X-ray Timing
Explorer. We focus on the properties of the high-frequency QPO as a function of
the `dip' oscillations, a factor of 1000 slower. In one observation, 1996 May
5th, we find that the energy spectrum of the QPO at ~65 Hz changes drastically
between the high-intervals and the dips, hardening during the dips to the point
that the QPO peak is no longer detected at low energies. In the second
observation, 1996 May 14th, although it has similar overall characteristics,
the 65 Hz QPO is not seen, but another broader QPO peak appears at 27 Hz, only
during the dips. This peak is too weak to obtain reliable information about its
spectrum. Our results indicate that the presence/absence of high-frequency
features in this enigmatic source are intimately linked to the slower
oscillations and variations that happen on longer time scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3987 </DOCNO>
Interacting quantum spin chains. [Invited paper for the International


  A brief review of recent advances in neutron scattering studies of
low-dimensional quantum magnets is followed by a particular example. The
separation of single-particle and continuum states in the weakly-coupled
$S=1/2$ chains system BaCu2Si2O7 is described in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7506 </DOCNO>
Flat branches and pressure amorphization


  After summarizing the phenomenology of pressure amorphization (PA), we
present a theory of PA based on the notion that one or more branches of the
phonon spectrum soften and flatten with increasing pressure. The theory
expresses the anharmonic dynamics of the flat branches in terms of local modes,
represented by lattice Wannier functions, which are in turn used to construct
an effective Hamiltonian. When the low-pressure structure becomes metastable
with respect to the high-pressure equilibrium phase and the relevant branches
are sufficiently flat, transformation into an amorphous phase is shown to be
kinetically favored because of the exponentially large number of both amorphous
phases and reaction pathways. In effect, the critical-size nucleus for the
first-order phase transition is found to be reduced to a single unit cell, or
nearly so. Random nucleation into symmetrically equivalent local configurations
characteristic of the high-pressure structure is then shown to overwhelm any
possible domain growth, and an ``amorphous'' structure results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4357 </DOCNO>
Electronic properties and Fermi surfaces MgCNi$_{3}$ and related


  The band structure of the new perovskite-like superconductor MgCNi$_{3}$ was
studied by the self-consistent FP-LMTO method. The superconducting properties
of MgCNi$_{3}$ are associated with an intensive peak in the density of Ni3d
states near the Fermi level. The absence of superconductivity for
nonstoichiometric compositions MgC$_{1-x}$Ni$_{3}$ is due to the transition of
the system to the magnetic state. The possibility of superconductivity was
discussed for intermetallics ScBNi$_{3}$, InBNi$_{3}$, MgCCo$_{3}$ and
MgCCu$_{3}$ which are isostructural with MgCNi$_{3}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72813 </DOCNO>
Stability of bound states in the light-front Yukawa model


  We show that in the system of two fermions interacting by scalar exchange,
the solutions for J$^{\pi}$=$0^+$ bound states are stable without any cutoff
regularization for coupling constant below some critical value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83834 </DOCNO>
Analyzing ENUM Service and Administration from the Bottom Up: The


  ENUM creates many new market opportunities and raises several important
policy issues related to the implementation and administration of the ENUM
database and services. Recent World Telecommunications Policy Forum 2001 dealt
with the emergence of ENUM as an important numbering issue of IP telephony.
This paper prepares some important emerging issues of ENUM administration and
policy by taking an empirical research approach from the bottom up.
  We will identify potential key ENUM services, and estimating the size of the
service market opportunities created by the availability of PSTN-IP addressing
and mapping mechanisms, particularly in the context of IP telephony. Also, we
analyze the possible administrative models and relationship scenarios among
different ENUM players such as Registry(ies), Registrars, Telephone Service
Providers, ENUM Application Service Providers, etc. Then, we will assess the
effects of various administrative model architectures of ENUM service by
looking at the market opportunities and motivations of the players. From the
empirical findings, we will draw the implications on transactions among
different kinds of ENUM service providers. Finally, the results of the model
analysis will be used for the discussion of policy related issues around the
ENUM and IP telephony services.
  Keywords: IP Telephony, ENUM, Internet Policy, Numbering and Addressing
System, Service and Market Study, Administration Model, Empirical Market Study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6878 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional gonihedric spin system


  We perform Monte Carlo simulations of a three-dimensional spin system with a
Hamiltonian which contains only four-spin interaction term. This system
describes random surfaces with extrinsic curvature - gonihedric action. We
study the anisotropic model when the coupling constants $\beta_S$ for the
space-like plaquettes and $\beta_T$ for the transverse-like plaquettes are
different. In the two limits $\beta_S=0$ and $\beta_T=0$ the system has been
solved exactly and the main interest is to see what happens when we move away
from these points towards the isotropic point, where we recover the original
model. We find that the phase transition is of first order for $\beta_T =
\beta_S \approx 0.25,$ while away from this point it becomes weaker and
eventually turns to a crossover. The conclusion which can be drown from this
result is that the exact solution at the point $\beta_S =0$ in terms of
2d-Ising model should be considered as a good zero order approximation in the
description of the system also at the isotropic point $\beta_S =\beta_T$ and
clearly confirms the earlier findings that at the isotropic point the original
model shows a first order phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73606 </DOCNO>
Towards a Perturbative Theory of Nuclear Forces


  We show that an expansion of nuclear forces about the chiral limit is
formally consistent and is equivalent to KSW power counting in the 1S0 channel
and Weinberg power counting in the 3S1-3D1 coupled channels. Numerical evidence
suggests that this expansion converges. The feasibility of making contact
between nuclear physics and lattice-QCD simulations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148815 </DOCNO>
Stability of AdS_p x M_q Compactifications Without Supersymmetry


  We study the stability of Freund-Rubin compactifications, AdS_p x M_q, of
p+q-dimensional gravity theories with a q-form field strength and no
cosmological term. We show that the general AdS_p x S^q vacuum is classically
stable against small fluctuations, in the sense that all modes satisfy the
Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. In particular, the compactifications used in the
recent discussion of the proposed bosonic M-theory are perturbatively stable.
Our analysis treats all modes arising from the graviton and the q-form, and is
completely independent of supersymmetry. From the masses of the linearized
perturbations, we obtain the dimensions of some operators in possible
holographic dual CFT's. Solutions with more general compact Einstein spaces
need not be stable, and in particular AdS_p x S^n x S^{q-n} is unstable for q <
9 but is stable for q >= 9. We also study the AdS_4 x S^6 compactification of
massive type IIA supergravity, which differs from the usual Freund-Rubin
compactification in that there is a cosmological term already in ten
dimensions. This nonsupersymmetric vacuum is unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83764 </DOCNO>
Coupled Clustering: a Method for Detecting Structural Correspondence


  This paper proposes a new paradigm and computational framework for
identification of correspondences between sub-structures of distinct composite
systems. For this, we define and investigate a variant of traditional data
clustering, termed coupled clustering, which simultaneously identifies
corresponding clusters within two data sets. The presented method is
demonstrated and evaluated for detecting topical correspondences in textual
corpora.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72566 </DOCNO>
Aspects of Non-Equilibrium Dynamics in Quantum Field Theory


  This work is devoted to the study of relaxation--dissipation processes in
systems described by Quantum Field Theory. In the first part, I focus on the
phi^4 scalar quantum field theory in finite volume in the large N limit. I find
that the zero-mode quantum fluctuations cannot grow macroscopically large
starting from microscopic initial conditions, while the long-wavelength
fluctuations do scale with the linear size of the system, signalling dynamical
infrared properties quite different from the equilibrium ones. I also introduce
a non-gaussian Hartree-Fock approximation (tdHF) and I derive the mean-field
coupled time-dependent Schroedinger equations for the modes of the scalar
field. The dynamical evolution of a uniform condensate is studied in a further
controlled gaussian approximation, for N=1. Results similar to the large N case
show an internal inconsistency of this approximation. I also study the dynamics
of the system in infinite volume in the broken symmetry phase. The data show
that the fixed points of the evolution cover at most the classically metastable
part of the static effective potential. I finally study the dynamical evolution
for the O(N+1) nonlinear sigma model in 1+1 dimensions in the large N limit. I
first of all verify that the large coupling limit of the O(N+1) phi^4 model,
which renders the model non linear, commutes with the large N limit, so that
the O(infty) nonlinear sigma model is uniquely defined. I then study the
evolution of several observables, like the spectrum of produced particles,
finding no evidence for parametric resonance. I conclude with some remarks on
the ``state of art'' in gauge theories and some comments about the open issues
in the subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179139 </DOCNO>
Shell Model Description of Isotope Shifts in Calcium


  Isotope shifts in the nuclear charge radius of even and odd calcium isotopes
are calculated within the nuclear shell model. The model space includes all
configurations of nucleons in the $2s, 1d_{3/2}, 1f_{7/2}, {\rm and} ~2p_{3/2}$
orbits. The shell model describes well the energies of the intruder states in
Sc and Ca, as well as the energies of the low-lying $2^+$ and $3^-$ states in
the even Ca isotopes. The characteristic features of the isotope shifts, the
parabolic dependence on $A$ and the prominent odd-even staggering, are well
reproduced by the model. These features are related to the partial breakdown of
the $Z = 20$ shell closure caused by promotion, due to the neutron-proton
interaction, of the $ds$ shell protons into the $fp$ shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 510 </DOCNO>
Spin-orbit induced anisotropy in the magnetoconductance of


  It is shown that the spin-orbit coupling due to structure inversion asymmetry
leads to a characteristic anisotropy in the magnetoconductance of
two-dimensional metals. Relevance for recent experiments is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169058 </DOCNO>
On the Quantum Black-Box Complexity of Majority


  We describe a quantum black-box network computing the majority of $N$ bits
with zero-sided error $\epsilon$ using only ${2/3}N + O(\sqrt{N \log
(\epsilon^{-1} \log N)})$ queries: the algorithm returns the correct answer
with probability at least $1 - \epsilon$, and "I don't know" otherwise. Our
algorithm is given as a randomized "XOR decision tree" for which the number of
queries on any input is strongly concentrated around a value of at most
${2/3}N$. We provide a nearly matching lower bound of ${2/3}N - O(\sqrt N)$ on
the expected number of queries on a worst-case input in the randomized XOR
decision tree model with zero-sided error $o(1)$. Any classical randomized
decision tree computing the majority on $N$ bits with zero-sided error 1/2 has
cost $N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97864 </DOCNO>
Finsler Metrics with K=0 and S=0


  In Finsler geometry, there are infinitely many models of constant curvature.
The Funk metrics, the Hilbert-Klein metrics and the Bryant metrics are
projectively flat with non-zero constant curvature. A recent example
constructed by the author is projectively flat with zero curvature. In this
paper, we introduce a technique to construct non-projectively flat Finsler
metrics with zero curvature in each dimension. The technique can be used to
construct many non-projectively flat Finsler metrics of constant curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3563 </DOCNO>
Possible Depinning Transition of a Single Flux Line Near a Columnar


  We use the Feynman--Kleinert variational method [R.P. Feynman and
H. Kleinert, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 34}, 5080, (1986)] to calculate the partition
function and effective pinning energy of a single flux line near a columnar pin
in type II superconductors. It is found that there is a phase transition
between a low temperature phase where the flux line is localized near the
columnar pin and where its internal modes fluctuations are bounded, and a high
temperature, depinned phase where the flux line is delocalized and its internal
fluctuations are those of a free line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150197 </DOCNO>
About The Enhancon Mechanism


  I study the enhancon mechanism for fractional D-branes in conifold and
orbifold backgrounds and show how it can resolve the ``repulson'' singularity
of these geometries. In particular I show that the consistency of the excision
process requires that the interior space be not empty.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124348 </DOCNO>
Collisional dynamics around binary black holes in galactic centers


  We follow the sinking of two massive black holes in a spherical stellar
system. The massive particles become bound under the regime of dynamical
friction. Once bound, the binary hardens by three body encounters with
surrounding stars. Unlike other assumptions the massive system moves inside the
core providing an enhanced supply of reaction partners for the hardening. These
are the first results from simulations applying a hybrid ``self consistent
field'' (SCF) and direct Aarseth N-body integrator (NBODY6), which synthesizes
the advantages of the direct force calculation with the efficiency of the field
method. The code is aimed for use on parallel architectures and is therefore
applicable for collisional N-body integrations with extraordinarily large
particle numbers (> 10^5). It opens the perspective to simulate the dynamics of
globular clusters with realistic collisional relaxation, as well as stellar
systems surrounding a supermassive black hole in galactic nuclei

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129392 </DOCNO>
X-ray and optical periodicities in X-ray binaries. I.A0535+26


  A homogeneous set of UBV photometry (354 data points obtained between 1983
and 1998) for the Be/X-ray binary A0535+26 = V725Tau is analysed, aiming to
look for possible periodic component(s). After subtraction of the long-term
variation it was found that only a 103-day periodic component remains in the
power spectra in both the V and B colour bands. The probability of chance
occurrence of such a peak is less than 0.1%. There are no signs of optical
variability at the X-ray period (111 d). We discuss possible reasons for a
103-day modulation and suggest that it corresponds to a beat frequency of the
orbital period of the neutron star and the precession period (~1400 d) either
of an accretion disc around the neutron star or a warped decretion disc around
the Be star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174826 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic Flow at the SPS and RHIC


  The results on directed and elliptic flow for Pb + Pb at the full energy of
the SPS (158 GeV/A) and from the first year of Au + Au at RHIC
(sqrt{s_{_{NN}}=130 GeV) are reviewed. The different experiments agree well and
a consistent picture has emerged indicating early time thermalization at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5216 </DOCNO>
2D-Drop model applied to the calculation of step formation energies on a


  A model is presented for obtaining the step formation energy for metallic
islands on (111) surfaces from Monte Carlo simulations. This model is applied
to homo (Cu/Cu(111), Ag/Ag(111)) and heteroepitaxy (Ag/Pt(111)) systems. The
embedded atom method is used to represent the interaction between the particles
of the system, but any other type of potential could be used as well. The
formulation can also be employed to consider the case of other single crystal
surfaces, since the higher barriers for atom motion on other surfaces are not a
hindrance for the simulation scheme proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179611 </DOCNO>
Interplay of pairing and multipole interactions in a simple model


  The interplay of pairing and other interactions is addressed in this work
using a simple single-j model. We show that enhancements in pairing
correlations observed through studies of the spectra of deformed systems,
moments of inertia, changes in transitional multipole amplitudes, and direct
calculations of the pairing component in the wave function, indicate that even
without explicit matrix elements responsible for pairing, a paired state can
still appear from the kinematic coupling of pairing to deformation and from
other geometrical restrictions that are of extreme importance in mesoscopic
systems. Furthermore, we demonstrate that macroscopic transitions such as
oblate to prolate shape changes can lead to strong dynamic enhancements of
pairing correlations. In this work we emphasize that the pairing condensate has
an important dynamic and kinematic effect on other residual interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148791 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Quantization in 2D Conformal Field Theory


  The simplest possible noncommutative harmonic oscillator in two dimensions is
used to quantize the free closed bosonic string in two flat dimensions. The
nonsolitonic part of the partition function is not deformed by the introduction
of noncommutativity, while the four point function is, preserving,
nevertheless, the sl(2,C) invariance. Finally the first Ward identity of the
deformed theory is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3938 </DOCNO>
Energy gap and London penetration depth of MgB_2 films determined by


  We have measured the temperature dependence of the microwave surface
impedance Z_s = R_s + i\Omega\mu_0 of a MgB2 film at a frequency \Omega /2\Pi
of 18 GHz employing a dielectric resonator technique. We found that the
temperature dependence of the magnetic field penetration depth \Lamda can be
fitted by \Lamda(T)= \Lamda(0) [1-(T/Tc)^2] ^(-1/2) with \Lamda(0)=(260 +/-
20)nm. The absolute value of \Lamda(0) was confirmed by direct measurements
employing submillimeter wave transmission spectroscopy at 430 GHz. The analysis
of the \Lamda(T) data below Tc/2 revealed significant deviations from the
quadratic temperature dependence. In contrast, we found that an exponential
temperature dependence fits the experimental data within the statistical
measurement error for temperature changes of \Lamda of +/- 0.4 nm. This
observation indicates thermal excitation of quasiparticles over a finite energy
gap of (3.3 +/- 0.3) meV corresponding to \Delta /kTc = 1.2 +/- 0.1. Our
results strongly supports a multipgap or a strongly anisotropic gap and the
absence of nodes in the gap function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129054 </DOCNO>
The GAIA astrometric survey of extra-solar planets


  The ESA Cornerstone Mission GAIA, to be launched prior to 2012 and with a
nominal lifetime of 5 years, will improve the accuracy of Hipparcos astrometry
by more than two orders of magnitude. GAIA high-precision global astrometric
measurements will provide deep insights on the science of extra-solar planets.
The GAIA contribution is primarily understood in terms of the number and
spectral type of targets available for investigation, and characteristics of
the planets to be searched for. Several hundreds of thousands of solar-type
stars (F-G-K) within a sphere of $\sim 200$ pc centered on our Sun will be
observed. GAIA will be particularly sensitive to giant planets
(M$_\mathrm{p}$$\sim$M$_\mathrm{J}$) on wide orbits, up to periods twice as
large as the mission duration, the potential signposts of the existence of
rocky planets in the Habitable Zone. Thousands of new planets might be
discovered, and a significant fraction of those which will be detected will
have orbital parameters measured to better than 30% accuracy. By measuring to a
few degrees the relative inclinations of planets in multiple systems with
favorable configurations, GAIA will also make measurements of unique value
towards a better understanding of the formation and evolution processes of
planetary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113734 </DOCNO>
High-resolution Doppler-free molecular spectroscopy with a


  We present a reliable, narrow linewidth (100 kHz) continuous-wave optical
parametric oscillator (OPO) suitable for high-resolution spectroscopy
applications. The OPO is based on a periodically-poled lithium-niobate crystal
and features a specially designed intracavity etalon which permits its
continuous tuning and stable operation at any desired wavelength in a wide
operation range. We demonstrate Doppler-free spectroscopy on a rovibrational
transition of methane at 3.39 um.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4993 </DOCNO>
Melting and unzipping of DNA


  Experimental studies of the thermal denaturation of DNA yield a strong
indication that the transition is first order. This transition has been
theoretically studied since the early sixties, mostly within an approach in
which the microscopic configurations of a DNA molecule are given by an
alternating sequence of non-interacting bound segments and denaturated loops.
Studies of these models neglect the repulsive, self-avoiding, interaction
between different loops and segments and have invariably yielded continuous
denaturation transitions. In this study we exploit recent results on scaling
properties of polymer networks of arbitrary topology in order to take into
account the excluded-volume interaction between denaturated loops and the rest
of the chain. We thus obtain a first-order phase transition in d=2 dimensions
and above, in agreement with experiments. We also consider within our approach
the unzipping transition, which takes place when the two DNA strands are pulled
apart by an external force acting on one end. We find that the unzipping
transition is also first order. Although the denaturation and unzipping
transitions are thermodynamically first order, they do exhibit critical
fluctuations in some of their properties. For instance, the loop size
distribution decays algebraically at the transition and the length of the
denaturated end segment diverges as the transition is approached. We evaluate
these critical properties within our approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113525 </DOCNO>
High-precision calculations of electric-dipole amplitudes for


  To support efforts on cooling and trapping of alkaline-earth atoms and
designs of atomic clocks, we performed ab initio relativistic many-body
calculations of electric-dipole transition amplitudes between low-lying states
of Mg, Ca, and Sr. In particular, we report amplitudes for ^1P_1 --> ^1S_0,
^3S_1, ^1D_2$, for ^3P_1 --> ^1S_0, ^1D_2, and for ^3P_2 --> ^1D_2 transitions.
For Ca, the reduced matrix element <4s4p, ^1P_1 ||D|| 4s^2, ^1S_0> is in a good
agreement with a high-precision experimental value deduced from
photoassociation spectroscopy [Zinner et al., Phys.Rev.Lett., v.85, 2292
(2000)]. An estimated uncertainty of the calculated lifetime of the (3s3p
^1P_1) state of Mg is a factor of three smaller than that of the most accurate
experiment. Calculated binding energies reproduce experimental values within
0.1-0.2%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127206 </DOCNO>
Luminosity Function of GRBs


  We attempt to constrain the luminosity function of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs)
from the observed number count--flux relation and the afterglow redshift data.
We assume three classes of luminosity functions for our analysis: (a)
Log-normal distribution, (b) Schechter distribution, and (c) Scale-free
distribution. We assume several models of the evolution of the GRB population
for each luminosity function. Our analysis shows that: (a) log-normal is the
only luminosity function that is compatible with both the observations. This
result is independent of the GRB evolution model, (b) for log-normal function,
the average photon luminosity $L_0$ and the width of the luminosity function
$\sigma$ that are compatible with both the observations fall in the range:
$10^{55} sec^{-1} \la L_0 \la 10^{56} sec^{-1}$ and $2 \la \sigma \la 3$, (c)
the agreement of observations with other luminosity functions requires the GRB
population to evolve more strongly than the evolution of the star-formation
rate of the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179576 </DOCNO>
BBGKY Hierarchy in Scalar QFT


  This work is dedicated to obtaining of analog of Bogoliubov's chain for the
case of complex scalar field in QFT and renormalization problem of obtained
equations is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125829 </DOCNO>
Search for non-helical disc dynamos in simulations


  The possibility of non-helical large scale dynamo action is investigated
using three-dimensional simulations of global accretion discs as well as
idealized local simulations without rotation and only shear. Particular
emphasis is placed on a certain correlation between vorticity and azimuthal
velocity gradient which has been predicted to drive large scale dynamo action,
independent of the presence or absence of kinetic helicity. In the global disc
simulations two types of behaviours are found: those which do show this type of
velocity correlation and those which do not. The former ones are typically also
the cases where the resistivity is larger. The latter ones show signs typical
of dynamo action based on the usual helicity effect. In the idealized
simulations without rotation and just shear the above correlation is found to
be particularly strong. In both cases there is, as expected, a systematic flux
of magnetic helicity through the midplane. However, very little helicity flux
leaves the domain through the top and bottom boundaries. The idealized
simulations reveal that much of this systematic flux comes from the rotational
component of the helicity flux and does not contribute to its divergence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40746 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Overview: Motivations for Lepton Flavor Violation


  In the coming years, experiments underway will increase the sensitivity to
charged lepton flavor violation by four orders of magnitude. These experiments
will stringently probe weak scale physics. I review the status of global
symmetries in the standard model and present several well-motivated models that
predict observable lepton flavor violation. Finally, I describe what we might
learn from future experimental results, whether positive or null.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113986 </DOCNO>
Asymmetry of the natural line profile for the hydrogen atom


  The asymmetry of the natural line profile for transitions in hydrogen-like
atoms is evaluated within a QED framework. For the Lyman-alpha $1s-2p$
absorption transition in neutral hydrogen this asymmetry results in an
additional energy shift of 2.929856 Hz. For the $2s_{1/2}-2p_{3/2}$ transition
it amounts to -1.512674 Hz. As a new feature this correction turns out to be
process dependent. The quoted numbers refer to the Compton-scattering process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2021 </DOCNO>
Azbel-Hofstadter model on triangular lattice revisited


  In the present paper, the mean of Lyapunov exponents for the Azbel-Hofstadter
model on the triangular lattice is calculated. It is recently proposed that
[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 4920 (2000)], for the case of the square lattice,
this quantity can be related to the logarithm of the partition function of the
two dimensional Ising model and has a connection to the asymptotic bandwidth.
We find that the correspondence of this quantity to the logarithm of the
partition function of the two dimensional Ising model is not complete for the
triangular lattice. Moreover, the detailed connection between this quantity and
the asymptotic bandwidth is not valid. Thus the conclusions for the mean of
Lyapunov exponents suggested previously depend on the lattice geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 219 </DOCNO>
Unusual corrections to scaling in the 3-state Potts antiferromagnet on a


  At zero temperature, the 3-state antiferromagnetic Potts model on a square
lattice maps exactly onto a point of the 6-vertex model whose long-distance
behavior is equivalent to that of a free scalar boson. We point out that at
nonzero temperature there are two distinct types of excitation: vortices, which
are relevant with renormalization-group eigenvalue 1/2; and non-vortex
unsatisfied bonds, which are strictly marginal and serve only to renormalize
the stiffness coefficient of the underlying free boson. Together these
excitations lead to an unusual form for the corrections to scaling: for
example, the correlation length diverges as \beta \equiv J/kT \to \infty
according to \xi \sim A e^{2\beta} (1 + b\beta e^{-\beta} + ...), where b is a
nonuniversal constant that may nevertheless be determined independently. A
similar result holds for the staggered susceptibility. These results are shown
to be consistent with the anomalous behavior found in the Monte Carlo
simulations of Ferreira and Sokal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4226 </DOCNO>
Roughness at the depinning threshold for a long-range elastic string


  In this paper, we compute the roughness exponent zeta of a long-range elastic
string, at the depinning threshold, in a random medium with high precision,
using a numerical method which exploits the analytic structure of the problem
(`no-passing' theorem), but avoids direct simulation of the evolution
equations. This roughness exponent has recently been studied by simulations,
functional renormalization group calculations, and by experiments (fracture of
solids, liquid meniscus in 4He). Our result zeta = 0.390 +/- 0.002 is
significantly larger than what was stated in previous simulations, which were
consistent with a one-loop renormalization group calculation. The data are
furthermore incompatible with the experimental results for crack propagation in
solids and for a 4He contact line on a rough substrate. This implies that the
experiments cannot be described by pure harmonic long-range elasticity in the
quasi-static limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6836 </DOCNO>
Transport and NQR Studies of Nd1.6-xCexSr0.4CuO4 with T* Structure


  Transport and Cu-NQR studies have been carried out for the T*-type high
temperature superconducting Cu oxide Nd1.6-xCexSr0.4CuO4 with single layered
CuO2 planes formed by CuO5 pyramids. No anomaly related to the static or quasi
static "stripe" order has been observed in the temperature T and x dependence
of the thermoelectric powers S. We have not found such kind of anomaly in the x
dependence of the superconducting transition temperature Tc, either. Although
the decrease of the Cu NQR intensity with decreasing T (wipeout) has been
observed in this system, it can be understood by considering the loss of the
itinerant nature of the electrons, which takes place in the proximity region of
the metal-insulator phase boundary, and cannot be connected with the static or
quasi static "stripe" order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40779 </DOCNO>
Signature Studies of Cosmic Magnetic Monopoles


  This talk explores the possibility that the Universe may be populated with
relic magnetic monopoles. Observations of galactic and extragalactic magnetic
fields, lead to the conclusion that monopoles of mass < 10^{14} GeV are
accelerated in these fields to relativistic velocities. The relativistic
monopole signatures and features we derive are (i) the protracted shower
development, (ii) the Cherenkov signals, (iii) the tomography of the Earth with
monopoles, and (iv) a model for monopole airshowers above the GZK cutoff.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6957 </DOCNO>
The Hartree-Fock based diagonalization - an efficient algorithm for the


  The Hartree-Fock based diagonalization is a computational method for the
investigation of the low-energy properties of correlated electrons in
disordered solids. The method is related to the quantum-chemical configuration
interaction approach. It consists in diagonalizing the Hamiltonian in a reduced
Hilbert space built of the low-energy states of the corresponding disordered
Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian. The properties of the method are discussed for the
example of the quantum Coulomb glass, a lattice model of electrons in a random
potential interacting via long-range Coulomb interaction. Particular attention
is paid to the accuracy of the results as a function of the dimension of the
reduced Hilbert space. It is argued that disorder actually helps the
approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2828 </DOCNO>
Stable ultrahigh-density magneto-optical recordings using introduced


  The stability of data bits in magnetic recording media at ultrahigh densities
is compromised by thermal `flips' -- magnetic spin reversals -- of nano-sized
spin domains, which erase the stored information. Media that are magnetized
perpendicular to the plane of the film, such as ultrathin cobalt films or
multilayered structures, are more stable against thermal self-erasure than
conventional memory devices. In this context, magneto-optical memories seem
particularly promising for ultrahigh-density recording on portable disks, and
bit densities of $\sim$100 Gbit inch$^{-2}$ have been demonstrated using recent
advances in the bit writing and reading techniques. But the roughness and
mobility of the magnetic domain walls prevents closer packing of the magnetic
bits, and therefore presents a challenge to reaching even higher bit densities.
Here we report that the strain imposed by a linear defect in a magnetic thin
film can smooth rough domain walls over regions hundreds of micrometers in
size, and halt their motion. A scaling analysis of this process, based on the
generic physics of disorder-controlled elastic lines, points to a simple way by
which magnetic media might be prepared that can store data at densities in
excess of 1 Tbit inch$^{-2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73075 </DOCNO>
Light-cone distribution functions for B decays at subleading order in


  We construct the higher twist structure functions that describe inclusive b
hadron decays in regions of phase space where the hadronic decay products carry
high energy but have low invariant mass. We show that, for B meson decays,
there are four new non-vanishing matrix elements of non-local operators. We
show that to subleading twist these decays are parametrized in terms of four
functions. We compute the tree-level matching for a general heavy-to-light
current and apply it to B -> X_s gamma. Using a simple model for these
functions we estimate the subleading twist contributions to this decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148497 </DOCNO>
Global Space-time Symmetries Gauging and Kaluza-Klein Dimensional


  A relation between dimensional reduction and space-time symmetry gauging is
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5565 </DOCNO>
Electron-phonon renormalization of the absorption edge of the cuprous


  Compared to most tetrahedral semiconductors, the temperature dependence of
the absorption edges of the cuprous halides (CuCl, CuBr, CuI) is very small.
CuCl and CuBr show a small increase of the gap $E_0$ with increasing
temperature, with a change in the slope of $E_0$ vs. $T$ at around 150 K: above
this temperature, the variation of $E_0$ with $T$ becomes even smaller. This
unusual behavior has been clarified for CuCl by measurements of the low
temperature gap vs. the isotopic masses of both constituents, yielding an
anomalous negative shift with increasing copper mass. Here we report the
isotope effects of Cu and Br on the gap of CuBr, and that of Cu on the gap of
CuI. The measured isotope effects allow us to understand the corresponding
temperature dependences, which we also report, to our knowledge for the first
time, in the case of CuI. These results enable us to develop a more
quantitative understanding of the phenomena mentioned for the three halides,
and to interpret other anomalies reported for the temperature dependence of the
absorption gap in copper and silver chalcogenides; similarities to the behavior
observed for the copper chalcopyrites are also pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168506 </DOCNO>
Remote state preparation in higher dimension and the parallelizable


  This paper proves that the remote state preparation (RSP) scheme in real
Hilbert space can only be implemented when the dimension of the space is 2,4 or
8. This fact is shown to be related to the parallelazablity of the $n$-1
dimensional sphere $S^{n-1}$. When the dimension is 4 and 8 the generalized
scheme is explicitly presented. It is also shown that for a given state with
components having the same norm, RSP can be generalized to arbitrary dimension
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124150 </DOCNO>
Probing the Evolution of Gas Mass Fraction with Sunyaev-Zel'dovich


  Study of the primary anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
can be used to determine the cosmological parameters to a very high precision.
The power spectrum of the secondary CMB anisotropies due to the thermal
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect (SZE) by clusters of galaxies, can then be studied,
to constrain more cluster specific properties (like gas mass). We show the SZE
power spectrum from clusters to be a sensitive probe of any possible evolution
(or constancy) of the gas mass fraction. The position of the peak of the SZE
power spectrum is a strong discriminatory signature of different gas mass
fraction evolution models. For example, for a flat universe, there can be a
difference in the $l$ values (of the peak) of {\it as much as 3000} between a
constant gas mass fraction model and an evolutionary one. Moreover,
observational determination of power spectrum, from blank sky surveys, is
devoid of any selection effects that can possibly affect targeted X-ray or
radio studies of gas mass fractions in galaxy clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179299 </DOCNO>
On the relation between the Deuteron Form Factor at High Momentum


  We use non-relativistic dynamics to relate the deuteron form factor at high
momentum transfer to the high energy neutron-proton scattering amplitude. This
relation implies that an accurate computation of the form factors at large
$Q^2$ requires a simultaneous description of the lowest phase-shifts of the
nucleon-nucleon elastic scattering at laboratory kinetic energy $T\sim
Q^2/2m_N$. Computing these phase shifts therefore provides a useful consistency
test of the potentials used to compute the deuteron wave function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3450 </DOCNO>
Chemical Potential of the Generalized Hubbard Model with Correlated


  In the present paper we study chemical potential of the generalized Hubbard
model with correlated hopping. The peculiarity of the model in comparison with
similar generalized Hubbard models is the concentration dependence of hopping
integrals. Chemical potential as a function of the model energy parameters,
electron concentration and temperature is found. It is shown that correlated
hopping and temperature changes essentially the chemical potential location;
these dependencies differ strongly at different values of the electron
concenntration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72984 </DOCNO>
Possible Color Octet Quark-Anti-Quark Condensate in the Instanton Model


  Inspired by a recent proposal for a Higgs description of QCD we study the
possible formation of a color-octet/flavor-octet quark-anti-quark condensate in
the instanton liquid model. For this purpose we calculate two-point correlation
functions of color-singlet and octet quark-anti-quark operators. We find long
range order in the standard $<\bar{\psi}\psi>$ channel, but not in the
color-octet channel. We emphasize that similar calculations in lattice QCD can
check whether or not a color-flavor locked Higgs phase is realized in QCD at
zero temperature and baryon density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2117 </DOCNO>
Field-induced commensurate long-range order in the Haldane-gap system


  High-field neutron diffraction studies of the new quantum-disordered S=1
linear-chain antiferromagnet Ni(C$_5$H$_{14}$N$_2$)$_2$N$_3$(ClO$_4$) (NDMAZ)
are reported. At T=70 mK, at a critical field $H_c=13.4$ T applied along the
(013) direction, a phase transition to a commensurate N\'{e}el-like ordered
state is observed. The results are discussed in the context of existing
theories of quantum phase transitions in Haldane-gap antiferromagnets, and in
comparions with previous studies of the related system
Ni(C$_5$H$_{14}$N$_2$)$_2$N$_3$(PF$_6$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3826 </DOCNO>
From Neel to NPC: Colouring Small Worlds


  In this note, we present results for the colouring problem on small world
graphs created by rewiring square, triangular, and two kinds of cubic (with
coordination numbers 5 and 6) lattices. As the rewiring parameter p tends to 1,
we find the expected crossover to the behaviour of random graphs with
corresponding connectivity. However, for the cubic lattices there is a region
near p=0 for which the graphs are colourable. This could in principle be used
as an additional heuristic for solving real world colouring or scheduling
problems. Small worlds with connectivity 5 and p ~ 0.1 provide an interesting
ensemble of graphs whose colourability is hard to determine. For square
lattices, we get good data collapse plotting the fraction of colourable graphs
against the rescaled parameter parameter $p N^{-\nu}$ with $\nu = 1.35$. No
such collapse can be obtained for the data from lattices with coordination
number 5 or 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72554 </DOCNO>
Meson Exchange Effect on Color Superconductivity


  We investigate the effects of pion and gluon exchanges on the formation of
two-flavor color superconductivity at moderate density, $\mu <1 GeV$. The
chiral quark model proposed by Manohar and Georgi containing pions as well as
gluons is employed to show that the pion exchange reduces substantially the
value of the superconducting gap gotten with the gluon exchange only. It turns
out that the pion exchanges produce a repulsion between quark-quark pair in a
spin and isospin singlet state.
 We suggest that the phase consisiting of pions, gluons and quarks is one of
the candidates of in-medium QCD phase at moderate density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125975 </DOCNO>
Cluster Mergers and Diffuse Radio Emission in Abell 2256 and Abell 754


  We present deep VLA observations of the galaxy clusters Abell 2256 and Abell
754, both of which appear to be in the violent stage of major cluster merger
events. The complex nature of Abell 2256 is revealed through radio images
which, in addition to the head-tail galaxies, show two extended, irregular, and
sharp-edged regions of diffuse radio emission at the cluster periphery (so
called radio relics), and a large-scale diffuse radio halo located in the
central regions of the cluster. Polarimetry of the A2256 cluster relics reveals
large-scale ordered magnetic fields which appear to trace the bright filaments
in the relics. The polarization fraction across the relics ranges from 20% -
40% with the majority of the relics polarized above the 30% level. At the
sensitivity of our current observations we place an upper limit of 20% on the
polarization of the radio halo. Low frequency VLA observations of Abell 754
reveal extended, diffuse radio (halo) emission in the cluster core region as
well as steep spectrum emission in the cluster periphery. The location,
morphology, and spectral index of the peripheral emission are consistent with
the properties of radio relics. The X-ray evidence of the ongoing mergers in
both clusters, together with the polarization properties of A2256's radio
relics supports recent suggestions of a merger-induced origin of the relic
emission. Deciphering the complex radio properties of these clusters may thus
provide the key to understanding the dynamical history of the systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73281 </DOCNO>
The graceful exit from the anomaly-induced inflation: Supersymmetry as a


  The stable version of the anomaly-induced inflation does not need a fine
tuning and leads to sufficient expansion of the Universe. The non-stable
version (Starobinsky model) provides the graceful exit to the FRW phase. We
indicate the possibility of the inflation which is stable at the beginning and
unstable at the end. The effect is due to the soft supersymmetry breaking and
the decoupling of the massive sparticles at low energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128051 </DOCNO>
The Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey: The Small Magellanic Cloud


  We present our catalog of U, B, V, and I stellar photometry of the central 18
sq. degree area of the Small Magellanic Cloud. We combine our data with the
2MASS and DENIS catalogs to provide, when available, U through K_S data for
stars. Internal and external astrometric and photometric tests using existing
optical photometry (U, B, and V from Massey's bright star catalog; B, V, and I
from the microlensing database of OGLE and I from the near-infrared sky survey
DENIS) are used to determine the observational uncertainties and identify
systematic errors. We fit stellar atmosphere models to the optical data to
check the consistency of the photometry for individual stars across the
passbands and to estimate the line-of-sight extinction. Finally, we use the
estimated line-of-sight extinctions to produce an extinction map across the
Small Magellanic Cloud and investigate the nature of extinction as a function
of stellar population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4518 </DOCNO>
Rearrangements and Dilatancy for Sheared Dense Materials


  Constitutive equations are proposed for dense materials, based on the
identification of two types of free-volume activated rearrangements associated
to shear and compaction. Two situations are studied: the case of an amorphous
solid in a stress-strain test, and the case of a lubricant in tribology test.
Varying parameters, strain softening, shear thinning, and stick-slip motion can
be observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5692 </DOCNO>
Superchemistry: dynamics of coupled atomic and molecular Bose-Einstein


  We analyze the dynamics of a dilute, trapped Bose-condensed atomic gas
coupled to a diatomic molecular Bose gas by coherent Raman transitions. This
system is shown to result in a new type of `superchemistry', in which giant
collective oscillations between the atomic and molecular gas can occur. The
phenomenon is caused by stimulated emission of bosonic atoms or molecules into
their condensate phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41082 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Branching Fractions and Search for CP-Violating Charge


  We present measurements of the branching fractions and a search for
CP-violating charge asymmetries in charmless hadronic decays of B mesons into
two-body final states of kaons and pions. The results are based on a data
sample of approximately 23 million BB(bar) pairs collected by the BABAR
detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. We find the following
branching fractions: BF(B0-->pi+pi-)= (4.1+/-1.0+/-0.7) x 10^{-6},
BF(B0-->K+pi-)=(16.7+/-1.6+/-1.3) x 10^{-6},
BF(B+-->K+pi0)=(10.8^{+2.1}_{-1.9}+/-1.0) x 10^{-6},
BF(B+-->K0pi+)=(18.2^{+3.3}_{-3.0}+/-2.0) x 10^{-6},
BF(B0-->K0pi0)=(8.2^{+3.1}_{-2.7}+/-1.2) x 10^{-6}. We also report the 90%
confidence level upper limits BF(B0-->K+K-) < 2.5 x 10^{-6}, BF(B+-->pi+pi0) <
9.6 x 10^{-6}, and BF(B+-->anti-K0K+) < 2.4 x 10^{-6}. In addition, charge
asymmetries have been measured and found to be consistent with zero, where the
statistical precision is in the range of +/-0.10 to +/-0.18, depending on the
decay mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148540 </DOCNO>
Constructing Infinite Particle Spectra


  We propose a general construction principle which allows to include an
infinite number of resonance states into a scattering matrix of hyperbolic
type. As a concrete realization of this mechanism we provide new S-matrices
generalizing a class of hyperbolic ones, which are related to a pair of simple
Lie algebras, to the elliptic case. For specific choices of the algebras we
propose elliptic generalizations of affine Toda field theories and the
homogeneous sine-Gordon models. For the generalization of the sinh-Gordon model
we compute explicitly renormalization group scaling functions by means of the
c-theorem and the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. In particular we identify the
Virasoro central charges of the corresponding ultraviolet conformal field
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4361 </DOCNO>
Coupling and Dissociation in Artificial Molecules


  We show that the spin-and-space unrestricted Hartree-Fock method, in
conjunction with the companion step of the restoration of spin and space
symmetries via Projection Techniques (when such symmetries are broken), is able
to describe the full range of couplings in two-dimensional double quantum dots,
from the strong-coupling regime exhibiting delocalized molecular orbitals to
the weak-coupling and dissociation regimes associated with a Generalized
Valence Bond combination of atomic-type orbitals localized on the individual
dots. The weak-coupling regime is always accompanied by an antiferromagnetic
ordering of the spins of the individual dots. The cases of dihydrogen (H$_2$,
$2e$) and dilithium (Li$_2$, $6e$) quantum dot molecules are discussed in
detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96892 </DOCNO>
On the geometry of the Hilbert schemes of points in the projective plane


  We classify minimal-degree curves in the Hilbert schemes of points on
algebraic surfaces. When the algebraic surface is the projective plane, the nef
cone and a flip structure of these Hilbert schemes are determined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40903 </DOCNO>
A Combination of Preliminary Electroweak Measurements and Constraints on


  This note presents a combination of published and preliminary electroweak
results from the four LEP collaborations and the SLD collaboration which were
prepared for the 2000 summer conferences. Averages from Z0 resonance results
are derived for hadronic and leptonic cross sections, the leptonic
forward-backward asymmetries, the tau polarisation asymmetries, the bbbar and
ccbar partial widths and forward-backward asymmetries and the qqbar charge
asymmetry. Above the Z0 resonance, averages are derived for di-fermion cross
sections and asymmetries, W-pair, Z-pair and single-W production cross section,
electroweak gauge boson couplings and W mass and decay branching ratios. The
major changes with respect to results presented in summer 1999 are final Z0
lineshape results from LEP, updates to the W mass and gauge-boson couplings
from LEP, and ALR from SLD. The results are compared with precise electroweak
measurements from other experiments. The parameters of the Standard Model are
evaluated, first using the combined LEP electroweak measurements, and then
using the full set of electroweak results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6541 </DOCNO>
A concept of polymeric networks with sliding junctions for the


  Constitutive equations are derived for the time-dependent behavior of
particle-reinforced elastomers at isothermal loading with finite strains. A
rubbery polymer is modelled as a network of macromolecules bridged by junctions
which can slip with respect to the bulk material under straining. A filled
elastomer is thought of as an ensemble of meso-regions where sliding occurs
with different rates. Stress-strain relations for a particle-reinforced rubber
are developed by using the laws of thermodynamics. For tensile relaxation
tests, these equations are characterized by three adjustable parameters. To
determine the experimental constants, three series of relaxation tests are
performed for longitudinal strains in the range from 100 to 250 %. By fitting
observations, the influence of pre-loading and thermal recovery is analyzed on
the nonlinear viscoelastic response of natural rubber reinforced with carbon
black.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41336 </DOCNO>
Flavour Independent Search for Hadronically Decaying Neutral Higgs


  Hadronic decays of Higgs bosons, not necessarily into b-quarks, have been
searched for using data collected at LEP-2. Such searches are complementary to
the usual Standard Model Higgs searches and lead to more model-independence.
Preliminary results obtained by the four LEP collaborations are presented for
the hZ production mechanism (using the q-qbarq-qbar, q-qbarnu-nubar and
q-qbarl+l- channels) and combined for the first time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150158 </DOCNO>
Remarks on monopoles in Abelian projected continuum Yang-Mills theories


  A possible mechanism accounting for monopole configurations in continuum
Yang-Mills theories is discussed. The presence of the gauge fixing term is
taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6074 </DOCNO>
Hindered rotation of H2 adsorbed interstitially in nanotube bundles


  A theoretical study on the rotational dynamics of H2 molecules trapped in the
interstitial channels (ICs) of a carbon nanotube bundle is presented. The
potential used in this study is modeled as a sum of atom-atom (C-H) van der
Waals interactions and electrostatic interactions of the molecule with the
surrounding nanotubes.The rotational energy spectra is calculated using a
product wave function, where the coupling between translational and rotational
modes is treated in a mean-field manner . Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation
study was performed for estimating the hydrogen rotational barrier. Both
theoretical calculations and simulation results reveal the existence of a large
rotational barrier (~ 40 meV). The consequences of this rotational barrier for
the rotational energy levels are worked out in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81492 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Overlap Fermions


  Numerical evaluation of the overlap Dirac operator is difficult since it
contains the sign function $\epsilon(H_w)$ of the Hermitian Wilson-Dirac
operator $H_w$ with a negative mass term. The problems are due to $H_w$ having
very small eigenvalues on the equilibrium background configurations generated
in current day Monte Carlo simulations. Since these are a consequence of the
lattice discretisation and do not occur in the continuum version of the
operator, we investigate in this paper to what extent the numerical evaluation
of the overlap can be accelerated by making the Wilson-Dirac operator more
continuum-like. Specifically, we study the effect of including the clover term
in the Wilson-Dirac operator and smearing the link variables in the irrelevant
terms. In doing so, we have obtained a factor of two speedup by moving from the
 Wilson action to a FLIC (Fat Link Irrelevant Clover) action as the overlap
kernel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129122 </DOCNO>
Microlensing by Compact Objects associated to Gas Clouds


  We investigate gravitational microlensing of point-like lenses surrounded by
diffuse gas clouds. Besides gravitational bending, one must also consider
refraction and absorption phenomena. According to the cloud density, the light
curves may suffer small to large deviations from Paczynski curves, up to
complete eclipses. Moreover, the presence of the cloud endows this type of
microlensing events with a high chromaticity and absorption lines recognizable
by spectral analysis. It is possible that these objects populate the halo of
our galaxy, giving a conspicuous contribution to the fraction of the baryonic
dark matter. The required features for the extension and the mass of the cloud
to provide appreciable signatures are also met by several astrophysical
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4961 </DOCNO>
Formation of topological defects in gauge field theories


  When a symmetry gets spontaneously broken in a phase transition, topological
defects are typically formed. The theoretical picture of how this happens in a
breakdown of a global symmetry, the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, is well established
and has been tested in various condensed matter experiments. However, from the
viewpoint of particle physics and cosmology, gauge field theories are more
relevant than global theories. In recent years, there have been significant
advances in the theory of defect formation in gauge field theories, which make
precise predictions possible, and in experimental techniques that can be used
to test these predictions in superconductor experiments. This opens up the
possibility of carrying out relatively simple and controlled experiments, in
which the non-equilibrium phase transition dynamics of gauge field theories can
be studied. This will have a significant impact on our understanding of phase
transitions in the early universe and in heavy ion collider experiments. In
this paper, I review the current status of the theory and the experiments in
which it can be tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168139 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Qubit Transformations


  We generalise our previous results of universal linear manipulations [Phys.
Rev. A63, 032304 (2001)] to investigate three types of nonlinear qubit
transformations using measurement and quantum based schemes. Firstly, nonlinear
rotations are studied. We rotate different parts of a Bloch sphere in opposite
directions about the z-axis. The second transformation is a map which sends a
qubit to its orthogonal state (which we define as ORTHOG). We consider the case
when the ORTHOG is applied to only a partial area of a Bloch sphere. We also
study nonlinear general transformation, i.e. (theta,phi)->(theta-alpha,phi),
again, applied only to part of the Bloch sphere. In order to achieve these
three operations, we consider different measurement preparations and derive the
optimal average (instead of universal) quantum unitary transformations. We also
introduce a simple method for a qubit measurement and its application to other
cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76962 </DOCNO>
Black Hole Thermodynamics and Negative Entropy in deSitter and


  We investigate the charged Schwarzschild-Anti-deSitter (SAdS) BH
thermodynamics in 5d Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with electromagnetic field.
The Hawking-Page phase transitions between SAdS BH and pure AdS space are
studied. The corresponding phase diagrams (with critical line defined by GB
term coefficient and electric charge) are drawn. The possibility to account for
higher derivative Maxwell terms is mentioned.
 In frames of proposed dS/CFT correspondence it is demonstrated that brane
gravity maybe localized similarly to AdS/CFT.
 SdS BH thermodynamics in 5d Einstein and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is
considered. The corresponding (complicated) surface counterterms are found and
used to get the conserved BH mass, free energy and entropy. The interesting
feature of of higher derivative gravity is the possibility for negative (or
zero) SdS (or SAdS) BH entropy which depends on the parameters of higher
derivative terms. We speculate that the appearence of negative entropy may
indicate a new type instability where a transition between SdS (SAdS) BH with
negative entropy to SAdS (SdS) BH with positive entropy would occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95502 </DOCNO>
Deformation Theory of Infinity Algebras


  This work explores the deformation theory of algebraic structures in a very
general setting. These structures include commutative, associative algebras,
Lie algebras, and the infinity versions of these structures, the strongly
homotopy associative and Lie algebras. In all these cases the algebra structure
is determined by an element of a certain graded Lie algebra which plays the
role of a differential on this algebra. We work out the deformation theory in
terms of the Lie algebra of coderivations of an appropriate coalgebra structure
and construct a universal infinitesimal deformation as well as a miniversal
formal deformation. By working at this level of generality, the main ideas
involved in deformation theory stand out more clearly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81259 </DOCNO>
High-accuracy two-loop computation of the critical mass for Wilson


  We test an algebraic algorithm based on the coordinate-space method,
evaluating with high accuracy the critical mass for Wilson fermions in lattice
QCD at two loops. We test the results by using different types of infrared
regularization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127972 </DOCNO>
New neighbours: IV. 30 DENIS late-M dwarfs between 15 and 30 parsecs


  We present 30 new nearby (d<30 pc) red dwarf candidates, with estimated
spectral types M6 to M8. 26 were directly selected from the DENIS database, and
another 4 were first extracted from the LHS catalogue and cross-identified with
a DENIS counterpart. Their proper motions were measured on the MAMA measuring
machine from plates spanning 13 to 48 years, and are larger than 0.1 arcsec/yr,
ruling out the possibility that they are giants. Their distances were estimated
from the DENIS colours and IR colour-magnitude relations and range between 15
and 30 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149717 </DOCNO>
Pseudo Cuntz Algebra and Recursive FP Ghost System in String Theory


  Representation of the algebra of FP (anti)ghosts in string theory is studied
by generalizing the recursive fermion system in the Cuntz algebra constructed
previously. For that purpose, the pseudo Cuntz algebra, which is a
$\ast$-algebra generalizing the Cuntz algebra and acting on indefinite-metric
vector spaces, is introduced. The algebra of FP (anti)ghosts in string theory
is embedded into the pseudo Cuntz algebra recursively in two different ways.
Restricting a certain permutation representation of the pseudo Cuntz algebra,
representations of these two recursive FP ghost systems are obtained. With
respect to the zero-mode operators of FP (anti)ghosts, it is shown that one
corresponds to the four-dimensional representation found recently by one of the
present authors (M.A.) and Nakanishi, while the other corresponds to the
two-dimensional one by Kato and Ogawa.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149693 </DOCNO>
Obtaining a light-like planar gauge


  In the usual and current understanding of planar gauge choices for Abelian
and non Abelian gauge fields, the external defining vector $n_\mu$ can either
be space-like ($n^2<0$) or time-like ($n^2>0$) but not light-like ($n^2=0$). In
this work we propose a light-like planar gauge that consists in defining a
modified gauge-fixing term, $\cal{L}_{GF}$, whose main characteristic is a
two-degree violation of Lorentz covariance arising from the fact that
four-dimensional space-time spanned entirely by null vectors as basis
necessitates two light-like vectors, namely $n_\mu$ and its dual $m_\mu$, with
$n^2=m^2=0, n\cdot m\neq 0$, say, e.g. normalized to $n\cdot m=2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97126 </DOCNO>
How to Combine Fast Heuristic Markov Chain Monte Carlo with Slow Exact


  Use each of n exact samples as the initial state for a MCMC sampler run for m
steps. We give confidence intervals for accuracy of estimators which are always
valid and which, in certain settings, are almost as good as the intervals one
would obtain if the (unknown) mixing time of the chain were known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5614 </DOCNO>
Tunneling conductance in normal metal - triplet superconductor junction


  We calculate the tunneling conductance spectra of a normal metal / insulator
/ triplet superconductor from the reflection amplitudes using the
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formula. For the triplet superconductor we
assume one special p-wave order parameter having line nodes and two two
dimensional $f$-wave order parameters with line nodes breaking the
time-reversal symmetry. Also we examine nodeless pairing potentials. The
tunneling peaks are due to the formation of bound states for each surface
orientation at discrete quasiparticles trajectory angles. The tunneling spectra
can be used to distinguish the possible candidate pairing states of the
superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127246 </DOCNO>
Detection of several daemon populations in Earth-crossing orbits


  Detection of negative daemons, DArk Electric Matter Objects, viz. Planckian
supermassive (~2*10^-5 g) particles, whose population has been detected in
March 2000 to populate near-Earth, almost circular, heliocentric orbits
(NEACHOs), is being continued. The NEACHO objects hit the Earth with a velocity
~10-15 km/s. The results of these and new experiments (April-June, 2001) are
now processed taking into account the scintillation shape depending on the
magnitude and sign of the velocity of the daemons crossing our detector. The
data accumulated during the time of the experiment and processed in this way
reveal also the presence of (1) a high-velocity (~35-50 km/s) daemon population
whose objects can be related to a population in the Galactic disk and/or that
in strongly elongated, Earth-crossing heliocentric orbits (SEECHOs), as well as
(2) a low-velocity (~3-10 km/s) population in geocentric Earth-surface-crossing
orbits (GESCOs), whose objects traverse repeatedly the Earth to suffer a
decrease in velocity by ~30-40% in a month in the process. An evolutionary
relation between all these three (four?) populations is discussed. Assumptions
concerning their manifestations in further observations are put forward. An
analysis of possible interaction processes of daemons, which may have different
velocities and directions of motion, with the detector components [ZnS(Ag)
layers, 0.3-mm thick tinned-iron sheets etc.] on the atomic (emission of Auger
electrons) and nuclear (nucleon evaporation from a nucleus excited in the
capture and, subsequently, the decay of its protons) levels has permitted
estimation of some characteristic times. In particular, the decay time of a
daemon-containing proton is ~10^-6 s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75890 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections in neutrino-deuterium disintegration


  The radiative corrections of order $\alpha$ for the charged and neutral
current neutrino-deuterium disintegration for energies relevant to the SNO
experiment are evaluated. Particular attention is paid to the issue of the
bremsstrahlung detection threshold. It is shown that the radiative corrections
to the total cross section for the charged current reaction are independent of
that threshold, as they must be for consistency, and amount to a slowly
decreasing function of the neutrino energy $E_{\nu}$, varying from $\sim$ 4% at
low energies to $\sim$ 3% at the end of the $^8$B spectrum. The differential
cross section corrections, on the other hand, do depend on the bremsstrahlung
detection threshold. Various choices of the threshold are discussed. It is
shown that for a realistic choice of the threshold, and for the actual electron
energy threshold of the SNO detector, the deduced $^8$B $\nu_e$ flux should be
decreased by $\sim$ 2%. The radiative corrections to the neutral current
reaction are also evaluated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41498 </DOCNO>
Study of semi-inclusive production of eta' mesons in B decays


  We report a measurement of the rate for $B \to \eta' X_s$ transitions where
the $\eta'$ meson has center-of-mass momentum in the range 2.0 to 2.7\gevc and
$X_s$ represents a system comprising a kaon and up to four pions. Our study is
based on 22.2 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ with the
BABAR detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. We find
$\mathcal{B}(B \to \eta'
X_s)=(6.8^{+0.7}_{-1.0}(stat)\pm1.0(syst)^{+0.0}_{-0.5}(bkg))\times10^{-4}$
assuming that the signal is due to $b \to sg^*$ transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4519 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity and Quantum Phase Transitions in Weak Itinerant


  It is argued that the phase transition in low-T_c clean itinerant
ferromagnets is generically of first order, due to correlation effects that
lead to a nonanalytic term in the free energy. A tricritical point separates
the line of first order transitions from Heisenberg critical behavior at higher
temperatures. Sufficiently strong quenched disorder suppresses the first order
transition via the appearance of a critical endpoint. A semi-quantitative
discussion is given in terms of recent experiments on MnSi and UGe_2. It is
then shown that the critical temperature for spin-triplet, p-wave
superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations is generically much higher in a
Heisenberg ferromagnetic phase than in a paramagnetic one, due to the coupling
of magnons to the longitudinal magnetic susceptibility. This qualitatively
explains the phase diagram recently observed in UGe_2 and ZrZn_2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86231 </DOCNO>
A non-trivial mixing of electromagnetic and gravitational forces


  The minimal coupling principle is revisited in a group-cohomological setting.
Promoting space-time translations to a "local" symmetry of the Lagrangian of
the free particle once the ``kinematical'' symmetry group (either Galilei or
Poincare) has been centrally extended by U(1) results in a new electromagnetic
force of pure gravitational origin. This constitutes a preliminary attempt to a
non-trivial mixing of space-time and internal gauge symmetries and/or
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149500 </DOCNO>
A q-analog of the ADHMN construction and axisymmetric multi-instantons


  In the preceding paper (Phys. Lett. B463 (1999) 257), the authors presented a
q-analog of the ADHMN construction and obtained a family of anti-selfdual
configurations with a parameter q for classical SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in
four-dimensional Euclidean space. The family of solutions can be seen as a
q-analog of the single BPS monopole preserving (anti-)selfduality. Further
discussion is made on the relation to axisymmetric ansatz on anti-selfdual
equation given by Witten in the late seventies. It is found that the
q-exponential functions familiar in q-analysis appear as analytic functions
categorizing the anti-selfdual configurations yielded by axisymmetric ansatz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75643 </DOCNO>
Power Corrections in QCD


  This article provides a review of progress made in understanding inverse
power law corrections 1/Q^p where Q is the hard scale for a given QCD
observable. Special emphasis is given to comparisons of theory with HERA
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1589 </DOCNO>
Intermediate phase in the spiral antiferromagnet Ba_2CuGe_2O_7


  The magnetic compound Ba_2CuGe_2O_7 has recently been shown to be an
essentially two-dimensional spiral antiferromagnet that exhibits an
incommensurate-to-commensurate phase transition when a magnetic field applied
along the c-axis exceeds a certain critical value H_c. The T=0 dynamics is
described here in terms of a continuum field theory in the form of a nonlinear
sigma model. We are thus in a position to carry out a complete calculation of
the low-energy magnon spectrum for any strength of the applied field throughout
the phase transition. In particular, our spin-wave analysis reveals
field-induced instabilities at two distinct critical fields H_1 and H_2 such
that H_1 < H_c < H_2. Hence we predict the existence of an intermediate phase
whose detailed nature is also studied to some extent in the present paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74952 </DOCNO>
Invariant Operators in Collinear Effective Theory


  We consider processes which produce final state hadrons whose energy is much
greater than their mass. In this limit interactions involving collinear
fermions and gluons are constrained by a symmetry, and we give a general set of
rules for constructing leading and subleading invariant operators. Wilson
coefficients C(mu,P) are functions of a label operator P, and do not commute
with collinear fields. The symmetry is used to reproduce a two-loop result for
factorization in B -> D pi in a simple way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76725 </DOCNO>
Photon Emission from Quark-Gluon Plasma: Complete Leading Order Results


  We compute the photon emission rate of an equilibrated, hot QCD plasma at
zero chemical potential, to leading order in both alpha_{EM} and the QCD
coupling g_s(T). This requires inclusion of near-collinear bremsstrahlung and
inelastic pair annihilation contributions, and correct incorporation of
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal suppression effects for these processes. Analogous
results for a QED plasma are also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95712 </DOCNO>
Isomorphisms and Homeomorphisms of a Class of Graphs and Spaces


  We solve the isomorphism problem for the whole class of Lins-Mandel gems
(graphs encoded manifolds). We also present certain homeomorphisms of branched
cyclic coverings of two-bridge hyperbolic links. As a consequence, we prove
that, in in a wide subset of interesting cases, the isomorphism conditions for
Lins-Mandel gems are equivalent to the homeomorphism conditions for the encoded
3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86290 </DOCNO>
Signature for the Shape of the Universe


  If the universe has a nontrivial shape (topology) the sky may show multiple
correlated images of cosmic objects. These correlations can be couched in terms
of distance correlations. We propose a statistical quantity which can be used
to reveal the topological signature of any Robertson-Walker (RW) spacetime with
nontrivial topology. We also show through computer-aided simulations how one
can extract the topological signatures of flat, elliptic, and hyperbolic RW
universes with nontrivial topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114132 </DOCNO>
New localized Superluminal solutions to the wave equations with finite


  By a generalized bidirectional decomposition method, we obtain new
Superluminal localized solutions to the wave equation (for the electromagnetic
case, in particular) which are suitable for arbitrary frequency bands; various
of them being endowed with finite total energy. We construct, among the others,
an infinite family of generalizations of the so-called "X-shaped" waves. (PACS
nos.: 03.50.De; 41.20;Jb; 83.50.Vr; 62.30.+d; 43.60.+d; 91.30.Fn; 04.30.Nk;
42.25.Bs; 46.40.Cd; 52.35.Lv; Keywords: Wave equations; Wave propagation;
Localized beams; Superluminal waves; Bidirectional decomposition; Bessel beams;
X-shaped waves; Microwaves; Optics; Special relativity; Acoustics; Seismology;
Mechanical waves; Elastic waves; Gravitational waves)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5064 </DOCNO>
Pseudo-First-Order Transition in Interacting Self-avoiding Walks and


  The coil-globule transition of an isolated polymer has been well established
to be a second-order phase transition described by a standard tricritical O(0)
field theory. We present Monte-Carlo simulations of interacting self-avoiding
walks and interacting self-avoiding trails in four dimensions which provide
compelling evidence that the approach to this (tri)critical point is dominated
by the build-up of first-order-like singularities masking the second-order
nature of the coil-globule transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76518 </DOCNO>
Particle Production in High-energy Heavy-ion Collisions


  Particle production mechanisms in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are
reviewed in connection with recent experimental data from RHIC. Implications on
mini-jet production, parton saturation and jet quenching are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127224 </DOCNO>
Double-Peaked X-Ray Lines from the Oxygen/Neon-Rich Accretion Disk in


  We report on a 39 ks observation of the 7.7-s low-mass X-ray binary pulsar
4U1626-67 with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS) on the
Chandra X-Ray Observatory. This ultracompact system consists of a
disk-accreting magnetic neutron star and a very low mass, hydrogen-depleted
companion in a 42-min binary. We have resolved the previously reported Ne/O
emission line complex near 1 keV into Doppler pairs of broadened (2500 km/s
FWHM) lines from highly ionized Ne and O. In most cases, the blue and red line
components are of comparable strength, with blueshifts of 1550-2610 km/s and
redshifts of 770-1900 km/s. The lines appear to originate in hot (10^6 K),
dense material just below the X-ray-heated skin of the outer Keplerian
accretion disk, or else possibly in a disk wind driven from the pulsar's
magnetopause. The observed photoelectric absorption edges of Ne and O appear
nearly an order of magnitude stronger than expected from interstellar material
and are likely formed in cool, metal-rich material local to the source. Based
on the inferred local abundance ratios, we argue that the mass donor in this
binary is probably the 0.02 M_sun chemically fractionated core of a C-O-Ne or
O-Ne-Mg white dwarf which has previously crystallized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97465 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic low-dimensional invariant tori and summations of divergent


  We consider a class of a priori stable quasi-integrable analytic Hamiltonian
systems and study the regularity of low-dimensional hyperbolic invariant tori
as functions of the perturbation parameter. We show that, under natural
nonresonance conditions, such tori exist and can be identified through the
maxima or minima of a suitable potential. They are analytic inside a disc
centered at the origin and deprived of a region around the positive or negative
real axis with a quadratic cusp at the origin. The invariant tori admit an
asymptotic series at the origin with Taylor coefficients that grow at most as a
power of a factorial and a remainder that to any order N is bounded by the
(N+1)-st power of the argument times a power of $N!$. We show the existence of
a summation criterion of the (generically divergent) series, in powers of the
perturbation size, that represent the parametric equations of the tori by
following the renormalization group methods for the resummations of
perturbative series in quantum field theory

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6158 </DOCNO>
The magnetization process in the 2-dimensional J_1-J_2 model


  We study the alpha = J_2/J_1-dependence of the magnetization process in the
J_1-J_2 model on a square lattice with frustrating couplings J_2 along the
diagonals. Perturbation expansions around alpha=J_2/J_1=0 and 1/alpha=0$ yield
an adequate description of the magnetization curve in the antiferromagnetic and
collinear antiferromagnetic phase, respectively. The transition from one phase
to the other (0.5 < alpha < 0.7) leaves pronounced structures in the
longitudinal and transverse structure factors at p=(pi,pi) and p=(0,pi).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124958 </DOCNO>
Imaging of detached shells around the carbon stars R Scl and U Ant


  We present the first optical images of scattered light from large, detached
gas/dust shells around two carbon stars, R Scl and U Ant, obtained in narrow
band filters centred on the resonance lines of neutral K and Na, and in a Str.
b filter (only U Ant). They confirm results obtained in CO radio line
observations, but also reveal new and interesting structures. Towards R Scl the
scattering appears optically thick in both the K and Na filters, and both
images outline almost perfectly circular disks with essentially uniform
intensity out to a sharp outer radius of 21". These disks are larger -- by
about a factor of two -- than the radius of the detached shell which has been
marginally resolved in CO radio line data. In U Ant the scattering in the K
filter appears to be, at least partially, optically thin, and the image is
consistent with scattering in a geometrically thin (3") shell (radius 43") with
an overall spherical symmetry. The size of this shell agrees very well with
that of the detached shell seen in CO radio line emission. The scattering in
the Na filter appears more optically thick, and the image suggests the presence
of at least one, possibly two, shells inside the 43" shell. There is no
evidence for such a multiple-shell structure in the CO data, but this can be
due to considerably lower masses for these inner shells. Weak scattering
appears also in a shell which is located outside the 43" shell. The present
data do not allow us to conclusively identify the scattering agent, but we
argue that most of the emission in the K and Na filter images is to due to
resonance line scattering, and that there is also a weaker contribution from
dust scattering in the U Ant data. Awaiting new observational data, our
interpretation must be regarded as tentative.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127948 </DOCNO>
The Missing CV Population: Results From An Objective Prism Survey


  We present the results of a search for cataclysmic variables (CVs) in the
Calan-Tololo survey. We detected a total number of 21 CVs, 12 of them are
previously unknown objects. Our results suggest that the mismatch between the
theoretically predicted sample and the observed one is not due to observational
bias but has to be resolved by a revision of the theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86985 </DOCNO>
Generation of heterotic string theory solutions from the stationary


  A new formalism for construction of the stationary solutions is developed for
the four-dimensional gravity coupled to the dilaton, Kalb-Ramond and two
Maxwell fields in a low-energy heterotic string theory form. The result of
generation is automatically invariant in respect to subgroup of the stationary
charging symmetry transformations; the generation can be started from the
stationary Einstein-Maxwell fields. The formalism is given both in real and new
compact complex form, the result of maximal symmetry extension of the
stationary Einstein-Maxwell theory to discussing string gravity model is
explicitly written down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127860 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Microlensing Events Due to Stellar Mass Black Holes


  We present an analysis of the longest timescale microlensing events
discovered by the MACHO Collaboration during a seven year survey of the
Galactic bulge. We find six events that exhibit very strong microlensing
parallax signals due, in part to accurate photometric data from the GMAN and
MPS collaborations. The microlensing parallax fit parameters are used in a
likelihood analysis, which is able to estimate the distance and masses of the
lens objects based upon a standard model of the Galactic velocity distribution.
This analysis indicates that the most likely masses of five of the six lenses
are > 1 Msun which suggests that a substantial fraction of the Galactic lenses
are massive stellar remnants. The lenses for events MACHO-96-BLG-5 and
MACHO-98-BLG-6 are the most massive, with mass estimates of M/Msun = 6 +10/-3
and M/Msun = 6 +7/-3, respectively. The observed upper limits on the absolute
brightness of these lenses are >~ 1 Lsun, so both lenses are black hole
candidates. We consider the possibility that the source stars for some of these
six events may lie in the foreground Galactic disk or in the Sagittarius (SGR)
Dwarf Galaxy behind the bulge, but we find that bulge sources are likely to
dominate our microlensing parallax event sample. Future HST observations of
these events can either confirm the black hole lens hypothesis or detect the
lens stars and provide a direct measurement of their masses. Future
observations of similar events by SIM or the Keck or VLTI interferometers
(astro-ph/0108178) will allow direct measurements of the lens masses for
stellar remnant lenses as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127166 </DOCNO>
ZEPLIN IV: A 1-Ton Very Sensitive ZEPLIN II Extension for SUSY Dark


  We present a concept of a one ton two-phase liquid Xenon detector based on
the concept of the ZEPLIN II detector currently under construction by a
UCLA/Torino/UKDM team. The ZEPLIN II detector may be installed in the Boulby
laboratory early in 2002. The one ton detector design will benefit from the
initial operations of ZEPLIN II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1354 </DOCNO>
Spectra and Growth Rates of Fluctuating Magnetic Fields in the Kinematic


  The existence of a weak galactic magnetic field has been repeatedly confirmed
by observational data. The origin of this field has not as yet been explained
in a fully satisfactory way and represents one of the main challenges of the
astrophysical dynamo theory. In both the galactic dynamo theory and the
primordial-origin theory, a major influence is exerted by the small-scale
magnetic fluctuations. This article is devoted to constructing a systematic
second-order statistical theory of such small-scale fields. The statistics of
these fields are studied in the kinematic approximation and for the case of
large Prandtl numbers, which is relevant for the galactic and protogalactic
plasma. The advecting velocity field is assumed to be Gaussian and short-time
correlated. Theoretical understanding of this kinematic dynamo model is a
necessary prerequisite for any prospective nonlinear dynamo theory. The theory
is developed for an arbitrary degree of compressibility and formally in d
dimensions, which generalizes the previously known results, elicits the
structure of the solutions, and uncovers a number of new effects. The magnetic
energy spectra are studied as they grow and spread over scales during the
initial stage of the field amplification. Exact Green's-function solutions are
obtained. The spectral theory is supplemented by the study of magnetic-field
correlation functions in the configuration space, where the dynamo problem can
be mapped onto a particular one-dimensional quantum-mechanical problem. The
latter approach is most suitable for the description of the kinematic dynamo in
the long-time limit, i.e. when the magnetic excitation has spread over all
scales present in the system. A simple way of calculating the growth rates of
the magnetic fields in this long-time limit is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98383 </DOCNO>
Secant varieties and successive minima


  Given an arithmetic surface and a positive hermitian line bundle over it, we
bound the successive minima of the lattice of global sections of this line
bundle.
 Our method combines a result of C.Voisin on secant varieties of projective
curves with previous work by the author on the arithmetic analog of the Kodaira
vanishing theorem. The paper also includes a result of A.Granville on the
divisibility properties of binomial coefficients in a given line of Pascal's
triangle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97044 </DOCNO>
The coset weight distributions of certain BCH codes and a family of


  We study the distribution of the number of rational points in a family of
curves over a finite field of characteristic 2. This distribution determines
the coset weight distribution of a certain BCH code.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125188 </DOCNO>
Temperature profiles of accretion discs around rapidly rotating strange


  We compute the temperature profiles of accretion discs around rapidly
rotating strange stars, using constant gravitational mass equilibrium sequences
of these objects, considering the full effect of general relativity. Beyond a
certain critical value of stellar angular momentum ($J$), we observe the radius
($r_{\rm orb}$) of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) to increase with
J (a property seen neither in rotating black holes nor in rotating neutron
stars). The reason for this is traced to the crucial dependence of $dr_{\rm
orb}/dJ$ on the rate of change of the radial gradient of the Keplerian angular
velocity at $r_{\rm orb}$ with respect to $J$. The structure parameters and
temperature profiles obtained are compared with those of neutron stars, as an
attempt to provide signatures for distinguishing between the two. We show that
when the full gamut of strange star equation of state models, with varying
degrees of stiffness are considered, there exists a substantial overlap in
properties of both neutron stars and strange stars. However, applying accretion
disc model constraints to rule out stiff strange star equation of state models,
we notice that neutron stars and strange stars exclusively occupy certain
parameter spaces. This result implies the possibility of distinguishing these
objects from each other by sensitive observations through future X-ray
detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126144 </DOCNO>
TTauri Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud: a combined HST and VLT


  The combination of the unprecedented spatial resolution attainable with WFPC2
on board HST and of the large collecting area of the VLT makes it possible to
study in detail the low mass pre-Main Sequence stars in galaxies other than our
own.
  Here we present the results of our studies of two star forming environments
in our closest galactic neighbor, the Large Magellanic Cloud: the region around
Supernova 1987A and the double cluster NGC 1850.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3093 </DOCNO>
Electron correlation in the Si(100) surface


  Motivated by the controversy between quantum chemists and solid-state
physicists, and by recent experimental results, spin-polarized
density-functional (DFT) calculations are used to probe electron correlation in
the Si(100) reconstructed surface. The ground state displays antiferromagnetic
spin polarization for low dimer inclinations indicating, not magnetic order,
but the importance of Mott-like correlations among dangling bonds. The lowest
energy corresponds to a higher dimer inclination with no spin. DFT energies,
however, should be taken with caution here. Our results together with
quantum-chemical findings suggest dimers with highly correlated electrons that
tend to buckle due to interactions with other dimers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86672 </DOCNO>
Classical Histories in Hamiltonian Systems


  The incompatibility between the treatment of time in the classical and in the
quantum theory results in the so-called problem of time in canonical quantum
gravity. For this reason, attempts have been made to devise algorithms of
quantization which accomodate the covariance of the classical theory from the
outset. One of the most prominent of these attempts is based on the notion of
continuous histories (Isham and Linden) in the context of the consistent
histories approach to quantum theory (Griffiths, Omnes, Gell-Mann and Hartle).
By the term continuous histories it is implied that the canonical fields and
the symplectic structure of the theory depend on time as well as space. The aim
of this thesis (in the form it was submitted to the University of London,
February 2000) is to show that, even at the purely classical level, a history
approach has several advantages (compared to its equal-time counterpart) when
it comes to discussing spacetime issues. This is illustrated here by reframing
and generalizing the derivation of geometrodynamics from first principles
(Hojman, Kuchar, Teitelboim) in the language of the history phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95977 </DOCNO>
Le lieu singulier des varietes de Schubert


  We give an explicit combinatorial description of the irreducible components
of the singular locus of a Schubert variety in a flag variety of type A. This
implies a conjecture of Lakshmibai and Sandhya.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124058 </DOCNO>
Generalized Fermi-Dirac Functions and Derivatives: Properties and


  The generalized Fermi-Dirac functions and their derivatives are important in
evaluating the thermodynamic quantities of partially degenerate electrons in
hot dense stellar plasmas. New recursion relations of the generalized
Fermi-Dirac functions have been found. An effective numerical method to
evaluate the derivatives of the generalized Fermi-Dirac functions up to third
order with respect to both degeneracy and temperature is then proposed,
following Aparicio. A Fortran program based on this method, together with a
sample test case, is provided. Accuracy and domain of reliability of some
other, popularly used analytic approximations of the generalized Fermi-Dirac
functions for extreme conditions are investigated and compared with our
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73856 </DOCNO>
Electrodynamics On Matrix Space: Non-Abelian By Coordinates


  We consider the dynamics of a charged particle in a space whose coordinates
are $N\times N$ hermitian matrices. Putting things in the framework of
D0-branes of String Theory, we mention that the transformations of the matrix
coordinates induce non-Abelian transformations on the gauge potentials. The
Lorentz equations of motion for matrix coordinates are derived, and it is
observed that the field strengths also transform like their non-Abelian
counterparts. The issue of the map between theory on matrix space and ordinary
non-Abelian gauge theory is discussed. The phenomenological aspect of "finite-N
non-commutativity" for the bound states of D0-branes appears to be very
attractive.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41648 </DOCNO>
Explaining Anomalous CDF mu gamma Missing-E_T Events With Supersymmetry


  CDF recently reported an excess of events in the mu-gamma-missing E_T channel
that disagrees with the Standard Model prediction. No such excess was observed
in the e-gamma-mett channel. We explain the excess via resonant smuon
production with a single dominant R-parity violating coupling lambda'_{211}, in
the context of models where the gravitino is the lightest supersymmetric
particle. The slepton decays to the lightest neutralino and a muon followed by
neutralino decaying to a gravitino and photon. We determine a viable region of
parameter space that fits the kinematical distributions of the Run I excess and
illustrate the effect by examining the best fit point in detail. We provide
predictions for an excess in the missing E_T and photon channel at Run I and
Run II. Run II will decisively rule out or confirm our scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128167 </DOCNO>
Quasar Spectral Slope Variability in the Optical Band


  We performed a new analysis of B and R light curves of a sample of PG
quasars. We confirm the variability-redshift correlation and its explanation in
terms of spectral variability, coupled with the increase of rest-frame
observing frequency for quasars at high redshift. The analysis of the
instantaneous spectral slope for the whole quasar samples indicates both an
inter-QSO and intra-QSO variability-luminosity correlation. Numerical
simulations show that the latter correlation cannot be entirely due to the
addition of the host galaxy emission to a nuclear spectrum of variable
luminosity but constant shape, implying a spectral variability of the nuclear
component. Changes of accretion rate are also insufficient to explain the
amount of spectral variation, while hot spots possibly caused by local disk
instabilities can explain the observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123763 </DOCNO>
Detection of the optical afterglow of GRB 000630: Implications for dark


  We present the discovery of the optical transient of the long-duration
gamma-ray burst GRB000630. The optical transient was detected with the Nordic
Optical Telescope 21.1 hours after the burst. At the time of discovery the
magnitude of the transient was R = 23.04+-0.08. The transient displayed a
power-law decline characterized by a decay slope of alpha = -1.035+-0.097. A
deep image obtained 25 days after the burst shows no indication of a
contribution from a supernova or a host galaxy at the position of the
transient. The closest detected galaxy is a R=24.68+-0.15 galaxy 2.0 arcsec
north of the transient.
  The magnitudes of the optical afterglows of GRB980329, GRB980613 and
GRB000630 were all R>=23 less than 24 hours from the burst epoch. We discuss
the implications of this for our understanding of GRBs without detected optical
transients. We conclude that i) based on the gamma-ray properties of the
current sample we cannot conclude that GRBs with no detected OTs belong to
another class of GRBs than GRBs with detected OTs and ii) the majority (>75%)
of GRBs for which searches for optical afterglow have been unsuccessful are
consistent with no detection if they were similar to bursts like GRB000630 at
optical wavelengths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73072 </DOCNO>
Model independent radiative corrections in processes of polarized


  The explicit formulae for radiative correction (RC) calculation for elastic
$ep$-scattering is presented. Two typical measurements of polarization
observables such as beam-target asymmetry or recoil proton polarization, are
considered. Possibilities to take into account realistic experimental
acceptances are discussed. The Fortran code MASCARAD for providing the RC
procedure is presented. Numerical analysis is done for kinematical conditions
of TJNAF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1755 </DOCNO>
Discrete Solitons and Breathers with Dilute Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We study the dynamical phase diagram of a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate
(BEC) trapped in a periodic potential. The dynamics is governed by a discrete
non-linear Schr\"odinger equation: intrinsically localized excitations,
including discrete solitons and breathers, can be created even if the BEC's
interatomic potential is repulsive. Furthermore, we analyze the
Anderson-Kasevich experiment [Science 282, 1686 (1998)], pointing out that mean
field effects lead to a coherent destruction of the interwell Bloch
oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96813 </DOCNO>
On the homology of the spaces of long knots


  This paper is a little more detailed version of math-QA/0010017 "Sur
l'homologie des espaces de n\oe uds non-compacts", where the first term of the
Vassiliev spectral sequence (computing the homology of the space of long knots
in ${\mathbb R}^d$, $d\ge 3$) was described in terms of the Hochschild homology
of the Poisson algebras operad for $d$ odd, and of the Gerstenhaber algebras
operad for $d$ even. In particular, the bialgebra of chord diagrams arises as
some subspace of this homology. The homology in question is the space of
characteristic classes for Hochschild cohomology of Poisson (resp.
Gerstenhaber) algebras considered as associative algebras. The paper begins
with necessary preliminaries on operads. Also a simplification of the
computations of the first term of the Vassiliev spectral sequence is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41023 </DOCNO>
Rate Measurement of $D^{0}\to K^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}$ and Constraints on


  We present an observation and rate measurement of the decay D0 -> K+pi-pi0
produced in 9/fb of e+e- collisions near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. The signal
is inconsistent with an upward fluctuation of the background by 4.9 standard
deviations. We measured the rate of D0 -> K+pi-pi0 normalized to the rate of
D0bar -> K+pi-pi0 to be 0.0043 +0.0011 -0.0010 (stat) +/- 0.0007 (syst). This
decay can be produced by doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed decays or by the D0 evolving
into a D0bar through mixing, followed by a Cabibbo-favored decay to K+pi-pi0.
We also found the CP asymmetry A=(8 +25 -22)% to be consistent with zero.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150195 </DOCNO>
Constraint Reorganization Consistent with the Dirac Procedure


  The way of finding all the constraints in the Hamiltonian formulation of
singular (in particular, gauge) theories is called the Dirac procedure. The
constraints are naturally classified according to the correspondig stages of
this procedure. On the other hand, it is convenient to reorganize the
constraints such that they are explicitly decomposed into the first-class and
second-class constraints. We discuss the reorganization of the constraints into
the first- and second-class constraints that is consistent with the Dirac
procedure, i.e., that does not violate the decomposition of the constraints
according to the stages of the Dirac procedure. The possibility of such a
reorganization is important for the study of gauge symmetries in the Lagrangian
and Hamiltonian formulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127734 </DOCNO>
Chemical Evolution of Odd Elements in an Inhomogeneous Early Galaxy


  We investigate the chemical evolution of odd-numbered elements such as sodium
(Na) and aluminum (Al) during the early epochs of the Galactic halo with the
use of a model that reproduces the observed box-shaped distribution of
extremely metal-poor stars in the [Na, Al/Mg] versus [Mg/H] plane. Our model is
constructed under the assumptions that those stars retain the elemental
abundance patterns produced by individual Type II supernovae (SNe), and that
the yields of the odd elements depend on the initial metallicity, z, of their
SN progenitors. As a result, recent abundance determinations that clarify how
the [Na, Al/Mg] ratios of field stars have evolved to the solar values enable
us to deduce how the yields of these odd elements depend on z. The observed
trends in these abundances, in particular the very large scatter (over 1 dex in
[Al/Mg]) requires that the Al yield scales as m_Al proportional to z^0.6 for
[Mg/H]<-1.8, while the observed [Na/Mg] trend requires that the Na yield scales
as m_Na proportional to z^-0.4 for [Mg/H]<-1.8 and m_Na proportional to z^0.4
for [Mg/H]>-1.8. It is found that the predicted frequency distribution of stars
in the [Na/Mg] versus [Mg/H] diagram is very sensitive to the assumed form of
the primordial IMF, and that its slope is steeper than the Salpeter IMF. The
necessity to match the observed abundance patterns of odd elements and the
frequency distribution of extremely metal-poor stars should provide useful
constraints on nucleosynthesis calculations of metal-free massive stars as well
as on theories of their formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86076 </DOCNO>
Energy Associated with a Charged Regular Black Hole


  We show that using an adequate coordinate transformation the charged regular
black hole solution given by Ayon-Beato and Garcia can be put in the
Kerr-Schild form. Then we use this metric in Kerr-Schild Cartesian coordinates
with a result given by Virbhadra and obtain the energy distribution associated
with this.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97693 </DOCNO>
Cyclic Homology of Hopf Comodule Algebras and Hopf module Coalgebras


  In this paper we present a coinvariant cyclic module for Hopf comodule
algebras and an invariant cocyclic module for Hopf module coalgebras. We
construct a cylindrical module $A \natural^{\tiny{*}} \mathcal{H}$ and a
cocylindrical module $C \natural^{*} \mathcal{H}$ where $A$ is a Hopf comodule
algebra and $C$ is a Hopf module coalgebra and $\mathcal{H}$ is a Hopf algebra
with $S^2 = id_{\mathcal{H}}$. We approximate $\Delta(A \natural^{*}
\mathcal{H})$ and $\Delta(C \natural^{\tiny{*}} \mathcal{H})$, diagonals of $A
\natural^{\tiny{*}} \mathcal{H}$ and $C \natural^{\tiny{*}} \mathcal{H}$ by
spectral sequences and we give an interpretation of $\mathsf{E^0},
\mathsf{E^1}$ and $\mathsf{E^2}$ terms of these spectral sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85665 </DOCNO>
An introduction to quantum cosmology


  This is an introductory set of lecture notes on quantum cosmology, given in
1995 to an audience with interests ranging from astronomy to particle physics.
Topics covered: 1. Introduction: 1.1 Quantum cosmology and quantum gravity; 1.2
A brief history of quantum cosmology. 2. Hamiltonian formulation of general
relativity: 2.1 The 3+1 decomposition; 2.2 The action. 3. Quantisation: 3.1
Superspace; 3.2 Canonical quantisation; 3.3 Path integral quantisation; 3.4
Minisuperspace; 3.5 The WKB approximation; 3.6 Probability measures; 3.7
Minisuperspace for the Friedmann universe with massive scalar field. 4.
Boundary Conditions: 4.1 The no-boundary proposal; 4.2 The tunneling proposal.
5. The predictions of quantum cosmology: 5.1 The period of inflation; 5.2 The
origin of density perturbations; 5.3 The arrow of time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168305 </DOCNO>
A new proof for the existence of mutually unbiased bases


  We develop a strong connection between maximally commuting bases of
orthogonal unitary matrices and mutually unbiased bases. A necessary condition
of the existence of mutually unbiased bases for any finite dimension is
obtained. Then a constructive proof of the existence of mutually unbiased bases
for dimensions which are power of a prime is presented. It is also proved that
in any dimension d the number of mutually unbiased bases is at most d+1. An
explicit representation of mutually unbiased observables in terms of Pauli
matrices are provided for d=2^m.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126432 </DOCNO>
Metals in the Universe and Diffuse Background Radiation


  An attempt is made to guess the overall cosmic abundance of `metals' and the
contribution made by the energy released in their production to the total
intensity of extragalactic background light (EBL). With a comparable or
somewhat larger amount coming from white dwarfs, and a probably quite modest
contribution from AGNs, one can fairly easily account for the lower end of the
range of existing estimates for the total EBL intensity (50to 60 nwt m$^{-2}$
sterad$^{-1}$), but it seems more difficult should some higher estimates (90 to
100 in the same units) prove to be correct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149433 </DOCNO>
Bulk-Boundary Propagator in Liouville Theory on a Disc


  We study Liouville theory on worldsheets with boundary using the solutions of
Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation involving a degenerate representation of the
Virasoro algebra. The expression for bulk-boundary propagator on a disc is
proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168711 </DOCNO>
Some Comments on Three Suggested Postulates for Quantum Theory


  Three basic postulates for Quantum Theory are proposed, namely the
Probability, Maximum-Speed and Hilbert-Space postulates. Subsequently we show
how these postulates give rise to well-known and widely used quantum results,
as the probability rule and the linearity of quantum evolution. The suggested
postulates also enables us to criticize EPR elements of reality under the
Special Relativity philosophy itself and to provide new comprehension of Bell's
theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5092 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Universal Fluctuations in Correlated Systems"


  This is a Comment on "Universal Fluctuations in Correlated Systems".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96256 </DOCNO>
Solutions of Trigonometric KZ Equations satisfy Dynamical Difference


  The trigonometric KZ equations associated to a Lie algebra \g depend on a
parameter \lambda in \h where \h is a Cartan subalgebra of \g. A system of
dynamical difference equations with respect to \lambda compatible with the KZ
equations is introduced in Tarasov and Varchenko. We prove that the standard
hypergeometric solutions of the trigonometric KZ equations associated to sl_N
also satisfy the dynamical difference equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7003 </DOCNO>
Work functions of pristine and alkali-metal intercalated carbon


  The work functions (WF) of single-walled carbon nanotubes and bundles are
studied using first principles methods. For individual metallic tubes, the WF
is independent of the chirality and increase slightly with tube diameter. For
semiconducting tubes, the WF (as defined by the HOMO energy) decreases rapidly.
The WF of nanotube bundles ($\sim$ 5 eV) shows no clear dependence on the tube
size and chirality, slightly higher than individual tubes. Calculations on
finite tubes show no substantial difference in the tube end and the side wall.
Upon alkali-metal intercalation, the WF decreases dramatically and the
electronic states near the Fermi level are significantly modified. The metallic
and semiconducting nanotubes bundles become indistinguishable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3667 </DOCNO>
Rate Equations for Sympathetic Cooling of Trapped Bosons or Fermions


  We derive two different sets of rate equations for sympathetic cooling of
harmonically trapped Bosons or Fermions. The rate equations are obtained from a
master equation derived earlier by Lewenstein et al. [Phys. Rev. A 51 (1995)
4617] by means of decoherence and ergodicity arguments. We show analytically
that the thermal equilibrium state is a stationary solution of our rate
equation. We present analytical results for the rate coefficients which are
needed to solve the rate equations, and we give approximate formulae that
permit their computation in practice. We solve the two sets of rate equations
numerically and compare the results. The cooling times obtained in both
approaches agree very well. The equilibration rates show fair agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169439 </DOCNO>
Cold Trapped Ions as Quantum Information Processors


  In this tutorial we review physical implementation of quantum computing using
a system of cold trapped ions. We discuss systematically all the aspects for
making the implementation possible. Firstly, we go through the loading and
confining of atomic ions in the linear Paul trap, then we describe the
collective vibrational motion of trapped ions. Further, we discuss interactions
of the ions with a laser beam. We treat the interactions in the travelling-wave
and standing-wave configuration for dipole and quadrupole transitions. We
review different types of laser cooling techniques associated with trapped
ions. We address Doppler cooling, sideband cooling in and beyond the Lamb-Dicke
limit, sympathetic cooling and laser cooling using electromagnetically induced
transparency. After that we discuss the problem of state detection using the
electron shelving method. Then quantum gates are described. We introduce
single-qubit rotations, two-qubit controlled-NOT and multi-qubit controlled-NOT
gates. We also comment on more advanced multi-qubit logic gates. We describe
how quantum logic networks may be used for the synthesis of arbitrary pure
quantum states. Finally, we discuss the speed of quantum gates and we also give
some numerical estimations for them. A discussion of dynamics on off-resonant
transitions associated with a qualitative estimation of the weak coupling
regime and of the Lamb-Dicke regime is included in Appendix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7371 </DOCNO>
Universal Intermediate Phases of Dilute Electronic and Molecular Glasses


  Generic intermediate phases with anomalous properties exist over narrow
composition ranges adjacent to connectivity transitions. Analysis of both
simple classical and complex quantum percolation shows how topological concepts
can be used to understand many mysterious properties of high temperature
superconductors, including the remarkably similar phase diagrams of
La(2-x)SrxCuO4 and C(60+y).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99215 </DOCNO>
The Banach space S is complementably minimal and subsequentially prime


  We first include a result of the second author showing that the Banach space
S is complementably minimal. We then show that every block sequence of the unit
vector basis of S has a subsequence which spans a space isomorphic to its
square. By the Pe{\l}czy\'nski decomposition method it follows that every basic
sequence in S which spans a space complemented in S has a subsequence which
spans a space isomorphic to S (i.e. S is a subsequentially prime space).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 680 </DOCNO>
Tractable approximations for probabilistic models: The adaptive TAP mean


  We develop an advanced mean field method for approximating averages in
probabilistic data models that is based on the TAP approach of disorder
physics. In contrast to conventional TAP, where the knowledge of the
distribution of couplings between the random variables is required, our method
adapts to the concrete couplings. We demonstrate the validity of our approach,
which is sofar restricted to models with non-glassy behaviour, by replica
calculations for a wide class of models as well as by simulations for a real
data set.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113789 </DOCNO>
Quantum string field psychophysics of nastroenie


  Some conceptual aspects of the quantum string field psychophysics are
clarified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98489 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Complex Grassmannian Spaces and their Star Products


  We derive an explicit expression for an associative star product on
non-commutative versions of complex Grassmannian spaces, in particular for the
case of complex 2-planes. Our expression is in terms of a finite sum of
derivatives. This generalises previous results for complex projective spaces
and gives a discrete approximation for the Grassmannians in terms of a
non-commutative algebra, represented by matrix multiplication in a
finite-dimensional matrix algebra. The matrices are restricted to have a
dimension which is precisely determined by the harmonic expansion of functions
on the commutative Grassmannian, truncated at a finite level. In the limit of
infinite-dimensional matrices we recover the commutative algebra of functions
on the complex Grassmannians.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96784 </DOCNO>
Two-dimensional parallel transport : combinatorics and functoriality


  We extend the usual notion of parallel transport along a path to triangulated
surfaces. A homotopy of paths is lifted into a fibered category with connection
and this defines a functor between the fibers above the boundary paths. These
"sweeping functors" transport fiber bundles with connection along a surface
whereas usual connections transport a group element along a path. We show that
to get rid of the parametrization, we must use Abelian degrees of freedom. In
the general, non-Abelian case, we conjecture that the smooth limit of this
construction provides us with representations of the group of diffeomorphisms
of the swept surface. Applications to gauge theories are proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5974 </DOCNO>
Jamming Model for the Extremal Optimization Heuristic


  Extremal Optimization, a recently introduced meta-heuristic for hard
optimization problems, is analyzed on a simple model of jamming. The model is
motivated first by the problem of finding lowest energy configurations for a
disordered spin system on a fixed-valence graph. The numerical results for the
spin system exhibit the same phenomena found in all earlier studies of extremal
optimization, and our analytical results for the model reproduce many of these
features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126257 </DOCNO>
Catalogue of [Fe/H] determinations for FGK stars : 2001 edition


  The catalogue presented here is a compilation of published atmospheric
parameters (Teff, logg, [Fe/H]) obtained from high resolution, high
signal-to-noise spectroscopic observations. This new edition has changed
compared to the five previous versions. It is now restricted to intermediate
and low mass stars (F, G and K stars). It contains 6354 determinations of
(Teff, logg, [Fe/H]) for 3356 stars, including 909 stars in 79 stellar systems.
The literature is complete between January 1980 and December 2000 and includes
378 references. The catalogue is made up of two tables, one for field stars and
one for stars in galactic associations, open and globular clusters and external
galaxies. The catalogue is distributed through the CDS database. Access to the
catalogue with cross-identification to other sets of data is also possible with
VizieR (Ochsenbein et al. 2000).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179692 </DOCNO>
Can weakly bound heavy nuclei with very large neutron excess exist?


  A realistic model is suggested based on the quasiparticle Lagrange version of
the self-consistent Finite Fermi Systems theory supplemented with the
microscopically calculated surface parameters of the Landau-Migdal interaction
amplitude. The latter are expressed in terms of the off-shell T-matrix of free
NN-scattering and show a strong dependence on the chemical potential of a
nucleus under consideration in the drip line vicinity. This effect could result
in shifting the neutron drip line position to very large values of the neutron
excess.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127655 </DOCNO>
The Wide Field Imaging Interferometry Testbed


  We are developing a Wide-Field Imaging Interferometry Testbed (WIIT) in
support of design studies for NASA's future space interferometry missions, in
particular the SPIRIT and SPECS far-infrared/submillimeter interferometers.
WIIT operates at optical wavelengths and uses Michelson beam combination to
achieve both wide-field imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy. It will be
used chiefly to test the feasibility of using a large-format detector array at
the image plane of the sky to obtain wide-field interferometry images through
mosaicing techniques. In this setup each detector pixel records interferograms
corresponding to averaging a particular pointing range on the sky as the
optical path length is scanned and as the baseline separation and orientation
is varied. The final image is constructed through spatial and spectral Fourier
transforms of the recorded interferograms for each pixel, followed by a
mosaic/joint-deconvolution procedure of all the pixels. In this manner the
image within the pointing range of each detector pixel is further resolved to
an angular resolution corresponding to the maximum baseline separation for
fringe measurements.
  We present the motivation for building the testbed, show the optical,
mechanical, control, and data system design, and describe the image processing
requirements and algorithms. WIIT is presently under construction at NASA's
Goddard Space Flight Center.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7179 </DOCNO>
Comparison of Phase Boundaries between Kagome and Honeycomb


  We measure resistively the mean-field superconducting-normal phase boundaries
of both kagome and honeycomb wire networks immersed in a transverse magnetic
field. In addition to their agreement with theory about the overall shapes of
phase diagrams, they show striking one-to-one correspondence between the cusps
in the honeycomb and kagome phase boundaries. This correspondence is due to
their geometric arrangements and agrees with Lin and Nori's recent calculation.
We also find that for the frustrated honeycomb network at f=1/2, the current
patterns in the superconducting phase differ between the low-temperature London
regime and the higher-temperature Ginzburg-Landau regime near T_c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98813 </DOCNO>
Topological Charge in Curved Spacetime


  This paper presents the extension from flat spacetime into curved spacetime
of the area of theoretical investigation that has been known as topological
gauge field theory. The extension here presented is based upon a new derivation
of the expression for topological charge for bosons and fermions in flat
spacetime, a derivation which has been presented elsewhere [1]. This new
approach was developed because the established instanton solution could not be
extended to curved spacetime. The new approach can be extended to curved
spacetime by coupling the major equations of relativistic quantum mechanics to
the scalar curvature. The coupling here presented, and results obtained about
the quantization of topological charge, had not been possible with the earlier
established instanton solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76339 </DOCNO>
Thermal Effects and Flat Direction Baryogenesis


  In this paper we provide a detailed numerical study of the influence of
thermal effects on the original picture of AD baryogenesis. These effects are
found to modify the results greatly in some cases. We estimate the
baryon/entropy ratio and provide numerical results on the typical behavior of
the charge as a function of the strength of the potential and other parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169335 </DOCNO>
Quantum computing classical physics


  In the past decade quantum algorithms have been found which outperform the
best classical solutions known for certain classical problems as well as the
best classical methods known for simulation of certain quantum systems. This
suggests that they may also speed up the simulation of some classical systems.
I describe one class of discrete quantum algorithms which do so--quantum
lattice gas automata--and show how to implement them efficiently on standard
quantum computers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6944 </DOCNO>
The Majorization Arrow in Quantum Algorithm Design


  We apply majorization theory to study the quantum algorithms known so far and
find that there is a majorization principle underlying the way they operate.
Grover's algorithm is a neat instance of this principle where majorization
works step by step until the optimal target state is found. Extensions of this
situation are also found in algorithms based in quantum adiabatic evolution and
the family of quantum phase-estimation algorithms, including Shor's algorithm.
We state that in quantum algorithms the time arrow is a majorization arrow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5292 </DOCNO>
First-Order Pairing Transition and Single-Particle Spectral Function in


  A Dynamical Mean Field Theory analysis of the attractive Hubbard model is
carried out. We focus on the normal state upon restricting to solutions where
superconducting order is not allowed. Nevertheless a clear first-order pairing
transition as a function of the coupling takes place at all the electron
densities out of half-filling. The transition occurs between a Fermi liquid,
stable for $U < U_c$, and an insulating bound pairs phase for $U > U_c$. The
spectral function in the Fermi liquid phase is constituted by a low energy
structure around the Fermi level (similar to the Kondo resonance of the
repulsive half-filled model), which disappears discontinuously at $U=U_c$, and
two high energy features (lower and upper Hubbard bands), which persist in the
insulating phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77087 </DOCNO>
Warped Geometry of Brane Worlds


  We study the dynamical equations for a warp factor and a bulk scalar in 5d
brane world scenarios. These equations are similar to those for the time
dependence of the scale factor and a scalar field in 4d cosmology, but with the
sign of the scalar field potential reversed. Based on this analogy, we
introduce two novel methods for studying the warped geometry. First, we
construct the full phase portraits of the warp factor/scalar system for several
examples of the bulk potential. This allows us to view the global properties of
the warped geometry. For flat branes, the phase portrait is two dimensional.
Moving along typical phase trajectories, the warp factor is initially
increasing and finally decreasing. All trajectories have timelike
gradient-dominated singularities at one or both of their ends, which are
reachable in a finite distance and must be screened by the branes. For curved
branes, the phase portrait is three dimensional. However, as the warp factor
increases the phase trajectories tend towards the two dimensional surface
corresponding to flat branes. We discuss this property as a mechanism that may
stretch the curved brane to be almost flat, with a small cosmological constant.
Second, we extend the Einstein-Hamilton-Jacoby description to dynamical systems
with a warp factor and scalars, using a 4+1 spacelike split. From this
perspective, the SUSY form of the 5d bulk scalar potential coincides with the
constraint equation. Finally, we describe the embedding of branes in the 5d
bulk using the phase space geometric methods developed here. In this language
the boundary conditions at the branes can be described as a 1d curve in the
phase space. We discuss the naturalness of tuning the brane potential to
stabilize the brane world system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5400 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Theory on Noncommutative Spaces


  A pedagogical and self-contained introduction to noncommutative quantum field
theory is presented, with emphasis on those properties that are intimately tied
to string theory and gravity. Topics covered include the Weyl-Wigner
correspondence, noncommutative Feynman diagrams, UV/IR mixing, noncommutative
Yang-Mills theory on infinite space and on the torus, Morita equivalences of
noncommutative gauge theories, twisted reduced models, and an in-depth study of
the gauge group of noncommutative Yang-Mills theory. Some of the more
mathematical ideas and techniques of noncommutative geometry are also briefly
explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129006 </DOCNO>
Molecular gas at intermediate redshifts


  We present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of OH
absorption in B3~1504+377 ($z \sim 0.673$) and PKS 1413+135 ($z \sim 0.247$).
OH has now been detected in absorption towards four intermediate redshift
systems, viz. the lensing galaxies towards B~0218+357 ($z \sim 0.685$; Kanekar
et al. 2001) and 1830-211 ($z \sim 0.886$; Chengalur et al. 1999), in addition
to the two systems listed above. All four systems also give rise to well
studied millimetre wavelength molecular line absorption from a host of
molecules, including HCO$^+$. Comparing our OH data with these millimetre line
transitions, we find that the linear correlation between $N_{\rm OH}$ and
$N_{\rm HCO^+}$ found in molecular clouds in the Milky Way (Liszt & Lucas 1996)
persists out to $z \sim 1$. It has been suggested (Liszt & Lucas 1999) that OH
is a good tracer of ${\rm H_2}$, with $N_{\rm H_2}/N_{\rm OH} \approx 10^7$
under a variety of physical conditions. We use this relationship to estimate
$N_{\rm H_2}$ in these absorbers. The estimated $N_{\rm H_2}$ is $\ga 10^{22}$
in all four cases and substantially different from estimates based on CO
observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75252 </DOCNO>
Bounds on Direct Couplings of Superheavy Metastable Particles to the


  Top-down models for the origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR's)
propose that these events are the decay products of relic superheavy metastable
particles, usually called $X$ particles. These particles can be produced in the
reheating period following the inflationary epoch of the early Universe. We
obtain constraints on some parameters such as the lifetime and direct couplings
of the $X$-particle to the inflaton field from the requirement that they are
responsible for the observed UHECR flux.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73069 </DOCNO>
General analysis of time evolution of decay spectrum in B^0 -> pi^+ pi^-


  Using the general, model independent form of effective Hamiltonian, the decay
spectrum of B^0 -> pi^+ pi^- l^+ l^- decay is studied. The sensitivity of
experimentally measurable asymmetries to the new Wilson coefficients and time
is studied. It is observed that different asymmetries are sensitive to the new
Wilson coefficients and they can serve as an efficient tool for establishing
new physics beyond SM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98906 </DOCNO>
Harmonic maps and the topology of conformally compact Einstein manifolds


  We study the topology of a complete asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein
manifold such that its conformal boundary has positive Yamabe invariant. We
proved that all maps from such manifold into any nonpositively curved manifold
are homotopically trivial. Our proof is based on a Bochner type argument on
harmonic maps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2644 </DOCNO>
Ground state properties of a trapped few-Boson system under rotation


  We consider a harmonically trapped few-Boson system under rotation and
investigate the ground state properties beyond the usual ``lowest Landau
level'' approximation by using exact diagonalizations in a restricted Hilbert
subspace. We find that both the effective interaction energy and density
distribution are strongly affected by the two-body interaction strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40951 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Branching Fractions for B->\pi\pi, K\pi and KK Decays


  We report measurements of the branching fractions for $B^0\to\pi^+\pi^-$,
$K^+\pi^-$, $K^+K^-$ and $K^0\pi^0$, and $B^+\to\pi^+\pi^0$, $K^+\pi^0$,
$K^0\pi^+$ and $K^+\overline{K}{}^0$. The results are based on 10.4 fb$^{-1}$
of data collected on the $\Upsilon$(4S) resonance at the KEKB $e^+e^-$ storage
ring with the Belle detector, equipped with a high momentum particle
identification system for clear separation of charged $\pi$ and $K$ mesons. We
find ${\cal B}(B^0\to\pi^+\pi^-) =(0.56^{+0.23}_{-0.20}\pm 0.04)\times
10^{-5}$, ${\cal B}(B^0\to K^+\pi^-) =(1.93^{+0.34 +0.15}_{-0.32 -0.06})\times
10^{-5}$, ${\cal B}(B^+\to K^+\pi^0) =(1.63^{+0.35 +0.16}_{-0.33 -0.18})\times
10^{-5}$, ${\cal B}(B^+\to K^0\pi^+) =(1.37^{+0.57 +0.19}_{-0.48 -0.18})\times
10^{-5}$, and ${\cal B}(B^0\to K^0\pi^0) =(1.60^{+0.72 +0.25}_{-0.59
-0.27})\times 10^{-5}$, where the first and second errors are statistical and
systematic. We also set upper limits of ${\cal B}(B^+\to\pi^+\pi^0)<1.34\times
10^{-5}$, ${\cal B}(B^0\to K^+K^-)<0.27\times 10^{-5}$, and ${\cal B}(B^+\to
K^+\overline{K}{}^0)<0.50\times 10^{-5}$ at the 90% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72349 </DOCNO>
CP Violation and Extra Dimensions


  It is shown that the new sources of CP violation can be generated in the
models with more than one extra dimensions. In the supersymmetric models on the
space-time $M^4\times T^2/Z_2$, where the radius moduli have auxiliary vacuum
expectation values and the supersymmetry breaking is mediated by the
Kaluza-Klein states of gauge supermultiplets, we analyze the gaugino masses and
trilinear couplings for two scenarios and obtain that there exist relative CP
violating phases among the gaugino masses and trilinear couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 302 </DOCNO>
Influence of impurity scattering on tunneling conductance in normal


  Tunneling conductance spectra between a normal metal / d-wave superconductor
junction under the presence of bulk impurities in the superconductor are
studied. The quasiclassical theory has been applied to calculate the spatial
variation of the pair potential and the effect of impurity scattering has been
introduced by t-matrix approximation. The magnitude of a subdominant s-wave
component at the interface is shown to robust against the impurity scattering
while that for a subdominant $d_{xy}$-wave component is largely suppressed with
the increase of the impurity scattering rate. The zero-bias conductance peak
due to the zero-energy Andreev bound states is significantly broadened for the
case of Born limit impurity compared with that of unitary limit impurity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149787 </DOCNO>
Geometric Transitions, Brane Dynamics and Gauge Theories


  We consider the interplay between brane constructions and type IIA, IIB or
M-theory geometries on Calabi-Yau (CY) and G_2 holonomy manifolds. This is
related to N=1 (and N=2) gauge theories in four dimensions. We first discuss
simple geometric transitions corresponding to brane set ups involving
orthogonal (or parallel) Neveu-Schwarz branes that approach each other. This is
related to confinement and Seiberg duality in SQCD. In particular, we argue
that in type IIA, a CP^1 of singularities and one unit of Ramond-Ramond (RR)
flux is dual to a D6 brane wrapped on a Lens space, describing the UV and IR of
N=1 Super-Yang-Mills (SYM), respectively. Also, in the large N_c duality that
relates D6 branes on S^3 to an S^2 with RR flux, we implement the presence of
$N_f$ flavors of quarks. We then compactify M-theory on T^*(S^3) X S^1)/Z_2 and
observe that one phase describes SO(4) SYM in the UV and two others describe
confinement. Moreover, we consider compact 7-spaces (CY X S^1)/Z_2. We describe
transitions where disconnected S^3's approach and connect each other before
they vanish. These effects correspond to non-Abelian Higgs mechanism and
confinement. The similar transitions involving S^2 X S^1's are also considered.
Finally, we present transitions at finite distance in moduli space, where the
first Betti number b_1 of 3-cycles of singularities changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84051 </DOCNO>
Classification of Finite Dynamical Systems


  This paper is motivated by the theory of sequential dynamical systems,
developed as a basis for a mathematical theory of computer simulation. It
contains a classification of finite dynamical systems on binary strings, which
are obtained by composing functions defined on the coordinates. The
classification is in terms of the dependency relations among the coordinate
functions. It suggests a natural notion of the linearization of a system.
Furthermore, it contains a sharp upper bound on the number of systems in terms
of the dependencies among the coordinate functions. This upper bound
generalizes an upper bound for sequential dynamical systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99223 </DOCNO>
Words restricted by 3-letter generalized multipermutation patterns


  We find exact formulas and/or generating functions for the number of words
avoiding 3-letter generalized multipermutation patterns and find which of them
are equally avoided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124553 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the (gamma,n) reaction rates of the nuclides 190Pt,


  The nucleosynthesis of heavy neutron-deficient nuclei in a stellar photon
bath at the temperatures relevant for the astrophysical gamma process was
investigated. In order to derive (gamma,n) cross sections and reaction rates,
the stellar photon bath was simulated by the superposition of several
bremsstrahlung spectra with different endpoint energies. As a first test for
this method, the (gamma,n) reaction rates of the platinum isotopes 190Pt,
192Pt, and 198Pt were derived. The results are compared to other experimental
data and theoretical calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125160 </DOCNO>
Mesogranulation and Turbulence in Photospheric Flows


  Below the scale of supergranules we find that cellular flows are present in
the solar photosphere at two distinct size scales, approximately 2 Mm and 4 Mm,
with distinct characteristic times. Simultaneously present in the flow is a
non-cellular component, with turbulent scaling properties and containing 30% of
the flow energy. These results are obtained by means of wavelet spectral
analysis and modeling of vertical photospheric motions in a 2-hour sequence of
120 SOHO/MDI, high resolution, Doppler images near disk center. The wavelets
permit detection of specific local flow patterns corresponding to convection
cells.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2263 </DOCNO>
Field-induced magnetic transitions in the quasi-two-dimensional


  We have measured the field-dependent heat capacity in the tetragonal
antiferromagnets CeRhIn$_{5}$ and Ce$_{2}$RhIn$_{8}$, both of which have an
enhanced value of the electronic specific heat coefficient $\gamma \sim 400$
mJ/mol-Ce K$^{2}$ above $T_{N}$. For $T<T_{N},$ the specific heat data at zero
applied magnetic field are consistent with the existence of an anisotropic
spin-density wave opening a gap in the Fermi surface for CeRhIn$_{5},$ while
Ce$_{2}$RhIn$_{8}$ shows behavior consistent with a simple antiferromagnetic
magnon. From these results, the magnetic structure, in a manner similar to the
crystal structure, appears more two-dimensional in CeRhIn$_{5}$ than in
Ce$_{2}$RhIn$_{8}$ where only about 12% of the Fermi surface remains ungapped
relative to 92% for Ce$_{2}$RhIn$_{8}$. When $B||c,$ both compounds behave in a
manner expected for heavy fermion systems as both $T_{N}$ and the electronic
heat capacity decrease as field is applied. When the field is applied in the
tetragonal basal plane ($B||a$), CeRhIn$_{5}$ and Ce$_{2}$RhIn$_{8}$ have very
similar phase diagrams which contain both first- and second-order field-induced
magnetic transitions .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148534 </DOCNO>
Branched Coverings and Interacting Matrix Strings in Two Dimensions


  We construct the lattice gauge theory of the group G_N, the semidirect
product of the permutation group S_N with U(1)^N, on an arbitrary Riemann
surface. This theory describes the branched coverings of a two-dimensional
target surface by strings carrying a U(1) gauge field on the world sheet. These
are the non-supersymmetric Matrix Strings that arise in the unitary gauge
quantization of a generalized two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. By classifying
the irreducible representations of G_N, we give the most general formulation of
the lattice gauge theory of G_N, which includes arbitrary branching points on
the world sheet and describes the splitting and joining of strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3521 </DOCNO>
Morphology-transitions at vicinal Cu-surfaces


  An extension of the Burton-Cabrera-Frank model [Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London,
Ser. A 243, 299 (1951)] including diffusion along steps and entropic step-step
interaction is introduced. This extended model is successfully applied to
simulate experiments done in the group of H.-J. Ernst at CEA Saclay, France,
for vicinal Cu surfaces. In particular, the rise of two qualitatively different
morphologies can be explained by the competition of growth directions implied
by the four distinct driving and restoring forces of the model. Each of those
forces sets a length scale for the dominant mode of a developing step
instability. This explains that the wavelengthes of meandering-instabilities
observed at vicinal surfaces experimentally are usually larger than the one
predicted by Bales and Zangwill [Phys. Rev. B 41, 5500 (1990)] theoretically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98154 </DOCNO>
Integrals for (dual) quasi-Hopf algebras. Applications


  A classical result in the theory of Hopf algebras concerns the uniqueness and
existence of integrals: for an arbitrary Hopf algebra, the integral space has
dimension $\leq 1$, and for a finite dimensional Hopf algebra, this dimension
is exaclty one. We generalize these results to quasi-Hopf algebras and dual
quasi-Hopf algebras. In particular, it will follow that the bijectivity of the
antipode follows from the other axioms of a finite dimensional quasi-Hopf
algebra. We give a new version of the Fundamental Theorem for quasi-Hopf
algebras. We show that a dual quasi-Hopf algebra is Frobenius if and only if it
has a nonzero integral. In this case, the space of left or right integrals has
dimension one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125173 </DOCNO>
The 0.1-100 keV Spectrum of LMC X-4 in the High State: Evidence for a


  We report on the spectral analysis of the X-ray pulsar LMC X-4 in its high
state out of eclipse observed by BeppoSAX. During this observation no coherent
pulsations are detected. The primary continuum is well described by a power law
with a high energy cutoff (E_cutoff ~ E_fold ~ 18 keV). The addition of a
cyclotron absorption line at ~100 keV improves the fit significantly. The
inferred magnetic moment is 1.1 10^{31} Gauss cm^3, in agreement with the value
estimated assuming that the neutron star is at the spin equilibrium, as it has
been proposed for this source. The remaining excess at low energies can be
fitted by a Comptonization of soft photons by moderately hot electrons (kT ~0.9
keV), with an optical depth \tau ~ 16. The seed photons for this Comptonization
are consistent with black body emission from the accretion disk at the
magnetospheric radius. Another possibility is to fit the soft excess with black
body and thermal bremsstrahlung. In this case the black body would originate
from cold plasma at the magnetosphere while the bremsstrahlung component may be
produced by the strong stellar wind from the companion star, ionized by the
X-ray emission from the pulsar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86296 </DOCNO>
Wormhole-generated physical universe


  We constructed a model where the central core of the universe is a modified
Gidding-Strominger wormhole and surrounding the core is a Robertson-Walker
Universe with k=0. They are separated by a thin wall which does not allow the
content of the inner core to travel to the outer universe. But this wall allows
the pressure of the inner core to be transferred to the outer physical
universe. Assuming that the fluid density of the physical universe is
practically independent of time, we have calculated the Hubble constant and the
deacceleration parameter, qo, of the physical universe at the present time. The
Hubble constant comes out to be positive, whereas qo becomes negative. The
negative signature of this deacceleration parameter conforms to present
experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41407 </DOCNO>
A Search forthe Scalar Top Quark in $p \bar{p}$ Collisions at


  We have performed a search for scalar top quark (stop) pair production in the
inclusive electron-muon-missing transverse energy final state, using a sample
of $p \bar{p}$ events corresponding to 108.3 pb$^{-1}$ of data collected with
the D{\O}detector at Fermilab. The search is done in the framework of the
minimal supersymmetric standard model assuming that the sneutrino is the
lightest supersymmetric particle. For the dominant decays of the lightest stop,
$\bc$ and $\bls$, no evidence for signal is found. We derive cross-section
limits as a function of stop (\stt), chargino (\ca), and sneutrino (\snu)
masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150115 </DOCNO>
Tilting the Noncommutative Bion


  In this note, we extend the noncommutative bion core solution of Constable,
Myers and Tafjord (hep-th/9911136) to include the effects of a nonzero NS-NS
two-form B. The result is a `tilted bion' in which the core expands out to a
single D3-brane at an angle to the D1-brane core. Its properties agree
perfectly with an analysis of the dual situation, that of a magnetic charge on
an abelian D3-brane in a background worldvolume magnetic field. We also
demonstrate that this agreement extends beyond geometry to include the field
strength on the D3-brane. We make a proposal for including possible worldvolume
gauge fields when mapping a noncommutative geometrical brane solution onto a
corresponding commutative brane description.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96832 </DOCNO>
Curves of maximal genus in P^5


  Let C be a reduced, irreducible, not degenerate curve, not contained on
surfaces of degree <s; when d=deg(C) is large with respect to s, the arithmetic
genus p_a(c) is bounded by a function G(d, r, s) which is of type d^2/2s+O(d).
The existence of such a bound for curves in P^3 was announced by Halphen in
1870 and proved by Gruson and Peskine in 1978; for curves in P^r, r>3, the
bound is stated and proved by Chiantini, Ciliberto and Di Gennaro in 1993. The
bound is sharp, at least for d sufficiently large (Chiantini-Ciliberto- Di
Gennaro give examples of extremal curves for d large, that are in general
singular). The classification and the existence of curves of genus G(d, r, s)
is known for r=3 and d>s^2-s (Gruson and Peskine), and for r=4 and d> 12s^2
(Chiantini and Ciliberto in 1994).
  In this paper the author gives the classification for the curves of maximal
genus for r=5, d as in the paper of Chiantini-Ciliberto-Di Gennaro, and s>8,
and proves the existence of {\it smooth} curves of maximal genus G(d, 5, s) for
every d and s. With the same techniques used for the classification in P^5 it
is possible to classify curves in P^r of maximal genus G(d, r, s) for every r
and s>2r-2. In math.AG/0105094 the author has given an example of the
classification procedure and of the costruction of smooth extremal curves in
P^r.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113785 </DOCNO>
Relaxation dynamics in the presence of unequally spaced attractors along


  We show how reaction coordinate path lengths affect the relaxation efficiency
of a complex system. To this purpose, we consider the metric contributions to
the transition rates. These metric contributions preserve informations about
the geometry change of the system at the barrier crossing and, therefore, are
directly related to the path lengths. The output of the present work can lead
to identify a way to enrich our knowledge about the ability of the complex
systems to relax only to preferential structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76 </DOCNO>
Magnetic state in URu2Si2, UPd2Al3 and UNi2Al3 probed by point contacts


  The antiferromagnetic (AFM) state has been investigated in the three
heavy-fermion compounds URu2Si2, UPd2Al3, and UNi2Al3 by measuring dV/dI(V)
curves of point contacts at different temperatures (1.5-20 K) and magnetic
fields (0-28 T). The zero-bias maximum in dV/dI(V) for URu2Si2 points to a
partially gapped Fermi-surface related to the itinerant nature of the AFM state
contrary to UPd2Al3 where analogous features have not been found. The AFM state
in UNi2Al3 has more similarities with URu2Si2. For URu2Si2, the same critical
field of about 40 T along the easy c axis is found for all features in dV/dI(V)
corresponding to the Neel temperature, the gap in the electronic density of
states, and presumably the ordered moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3733 </DOCNO>
The Structure of Nanoscale Polaron Correlations in La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7


  A system of strongly-interacting electron-lattice polarons can exhibit charge
and orbital order at sufficiently high polaron concentrations. In this study,
the structure of short-range polaron correlations in the layered colossal
magnetoresistive perovskite manganite, La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7, has been determined by
a crystallographic analysis of broad satellite maxima observed in diffuse X-ray
and neutron scattering data. The resulting q=(0.3,0,1) modulation is a
longitudinal octahedral-stretch mode, consistent with an incommensurate
Jahn-Teller-coupled charge-density-wave fluctuations, that implies an unusual
orbital-stripe pattern parallel to the <100> directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74968 </DOCNO>
The LEP Trail to Non-Perturbative QCD


  This talk summarizes the presentations given in the Hadronic Physics session
at the LEPTRE meeting, emphasizing the importance of LEP data in our quest for
a successful approach to non-perturbative QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83682 </DOCNO>
Modelling Legal Contracts as Processes


  This paper concentrates on the representation of the legal relations that
obtain between parties once they have entered a contractual agreement and their
evolution as the agreement progresses through time. Contracts are regarded as
process and they are analysed in terms of the obligations that are active at
various points during their life span. An informal notation is introduced that
summarizes conveniently the states of an agreement as it evolves over time.
Such a representation enables us to determine what the status of an agreement
is, given an event or a sequence of events that concern the performance of
actions by the agents involved. This is useful both in the context of contract
drafting (where parties might wish to preview how their agreement might evolve)
and in the context of contract performance monitoring (where parties might with
to establish what their legal positions are once their agreement is in force).
The discussion is based on an example that illustrates some typical patterns of
contractual obligations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124127 </DOCNO>
Absorption and Reddening in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 3227


  We have obtained low-dispersion spectra of NGC 3227 with the Space Telescope
Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) to study the intrinsic UV absorption and the
reddening of the nucleus in this Seyfert 1 galaxy. The UV spectra show a wealth
of absorption lines at the systemic redshift that span a wide range in
ionization state (Mg I to N V). The equivalent widths of the lines are
consistent with our earlier prediction that a ``lukewarm absorber'' (T= 18,000
K at the ionized face) with a substantial column of gas [N(H) = 2 x 10^21
cm^-2] is present and likely responsible for the reddening of the nucleus. The
lukewarm absorber is also responsible for most of the absorption in the X-rays
at energies less than 1 keV, although a more highly ionized ``warm absorber''
is needed to account for the O VII and O VIII ionization edges. In addition, we
require a small column [N(H) = 5 x 10^19 cm^-2] of cold gas to match the
strengths of the neutral and singly-ionized lines in the UV spectra. NGC 3227
is the first Seyfert galaxy in which a strong link between the reddening and
intrinsic UV absorption has been found. By comparing our STIS UV and optical
spectra with those of the unreddened Seyfert NGC 4151, we have determined a
reddening curve for the nuclear continuum source in NGC 3227 over the 1150 -
10,200 A range. The reddening curve does not show a 2200 AA bump, and is
steeper in the UV than reddening curves derived for the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC,
suggesting a preponderence of small dust grains near the nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75792 </DOCNO>
The non-perturbative constraint on sea quarks --the strange sea quarks


  The mean charge sum rule for the light sea quarks in the nucleon which holds
under the same theoretical footing as the modified Gottfried sum rule shows
that a usual parameterization of the strange sea quark distribution
underestimate its contribution in the small $x$ region. We give a discussion of
the soft pion contribution at high energy as a possible explanation of the
saturation of the sum rule and show that it naturally explains why the strange
sea quark is suppressed in the region above $x \sim 0.01$ while it becomes
abundant below it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149872 </DOCNO>
Quantum Field Dynamics in a Uniform Magnetic Field: Description using


  We present a simple field transformation which changes the field arguments
from the ordinary position-space coordinates to the oblique phase-space
coordinates that are linear in position and momentum variables. This is useful
in studying quantum field dynamics in the presence of external uniform magnetic
field: here, the field transformation serves to separate the dynamics within
the given Landau level from that between different Landau levels. We apply this
formalism to both nonrelativistic and relativistic field theories. In the large
external magnetic field our formalism provides an efficient method for
constructing the relevant lower-dimensional effective field theories with the
field degrees defined only on the lowest Landau level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149774 </DOCNO>
Spin Chains with Twisted Monodromy


  The integrable model corresponding to the ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric SU(N)
gauge theory with matter in the symmetric representation is constructed. It is
a spin chain model, whose key feature is a new twisted monodromy condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149389 </DOCNO>
Topics in Born-Infeld Electrodynamics


  Classical version of Born-Infeld electrodynamics is recalled and its most
important properties discussed. Then we analyze possible abelian and
non-abelian generalizations of this theory, and show how certain soliton-like
configurations can be obtained. The relationship with the Standard Model of
electroweak interactions is also mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6982 </DOCNO>
Scaling for Mixtures of Hard Ions and Dipoles in the Mean Spherical


  Using new scaling parameters $\beta_i$, we derive simple expressions for the
excess thermodynamic properties of the Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA) for
the ion-dipole mixture. For the MSA and its extensions we have shown that the
thermodynamic excess functions are a function of a reduced set of scaling
matrices ${\mathbf\Gamma}_\chi$. We show now that for factorizable interactions
like the hard ion-dipole mixture there is a further reduction to a diagonal
matrices ${\mathbf\beta}_\chi$. The excess thermodynamic properties are simple
functions of these new parameters. For the entropy we get \[ S=-{{\frac{k V}{3
\pi}}}({\cal F}[{\mathbf\beta}_\alpha])_{\alpha\in {\mathbf \chi}} \] where
${\cal F}$ is an algebraic functional of the scaling matrices of irreducible
representations $\chi$ of the closure of the Ornstein-Zernike.
  The new scaling parameters $\beta_i$, are also simply related to the chemical
potentials of the components. The analysis also provides a new definition of
the Born solvation energy for arbitrary concentrations of electrolytes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125103 </DOCNO>
The Large Area Lyman Alpha Survey


  The Lyman-$\alpha$ line is expected to be strong in the presence of active
star formation and the absence of dust, making it a good tool for finding
chemically primitive galaxies in the early universe. We report on a new survey
for high redshift Lyman-$\alpha$ sources, the Large Area Lyman Alpha (LALA)
survey. Our survey achieves an unprecedented combination of volume and
sensitivity by using narrow-band filters on the new $8192^2$ pixel CCD Mosaic
Camera at the 4 meter Mayall telescope of Kitt Peak National Observatory.
  Well-detected sources with flux and equivalent width matching known high
redshift Lyman-$\alpha$ galaxies have an observed surface density corresponding
to $11000 \pm 700$ per square degree per unit redshift at $z=4.5$. Early
spectroscopic followup from the Keck telescope suggests that $\sim 1/3$ of
these are actually at $z\approx 4.5$, and has confirmed five $z > 4$
Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters so far. Combining our photometric survey with
spectroscopic results, we estimate a net density of $\sim 4000 $ Lyman-$\alpha$
emitters per square degree per unit redshift at $z\approx 4.5$. The star
formation rate density (estimated both from UV continuum and from line
emission) is comparable to that of the Lyman break galaxy population within
present uncertainties. The most extreme Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters in our sample
have rest frame equivalent widths $> 100\AA$, consistent with the expectations
for the first burst of star formation in a primitive, dust-free galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95607 </DOCNO>
Extensions of super Lie algebras


  We study (non-abelian) extensions of a given super Lie algebra, identify a
cohomological obstruction to the existence, and interpret it in terms of the
super analogon of the Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence. A striking analogy to
the setting of covariant exterior derivatives, curvature, and the Bianchi
identity in differential geometry is spelled out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124605 </DOCNO>
On the solar rotation rate in the upper convection zone


  We present results on variation in rotation rate in the upper convection zone
using data from GONG and MDI/SOHO covering a period of more than four years. We
find that the first few odd-order splitting coefficients vary systematically
with the solar cycle. The rotation rate near the solar surface calculated from
analytical methods agrees well with that of inversion techniques. The residual
rotation rate in the outer layers seem to be correlated with the solar
activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 955 </DOCNO>
Why hyperbolic theories of dissipation cannot be ignored: Comments on a


  Contrary to what is asserted in a recent paper by Kostadt and Liu ("Causality
and stability of the relativistic diffusion equation"), experiments can tell
apart (and in fact do) hyperbolic theories from parabolic theories of
dissipation. It is stressed that the existence of a non--negligible relaxation
time does not imply for the system to be out of the hydrodynamic regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96734 </DOCNO>
The Perron-Frobenius Theorem for Homogeneous, Monotone Functions


  If A is a nonnegative matrix whose associated directed graph is strongly
connected, the Perron-Frobenius theorem asserts that A has an eigenvector in
the positive cone, (R^+)^n. We associate a directed graph to any homogeneous,
monotone function, f: (R^+)^n -> (R^+)^n, and show that if the graph is
strongly connected then f has a (nonlinear) eigenvector in (R^+)^n. Several
results in the literature emerge as corollaries. Our methods are based on the
boundedness of invariant subsets in the Hilbert projective metric and lead to
further existence results and several open problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149589 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear sigma models solvable by the Aratyn-Ferreira-Zimerman ansatz


  Nonlinear sigma models compatible with the aratyn-Ferreira-Zimerman ansatz
are discussed, the latter ansatz automatically leading to configurations with
definite values of the Hopf index. These models are allowed to involve a weight
factor which is a function of one of the toroidal coordinates. Depending on the
choice of the weight factor, the field equation takes various forms. In one
model with a special weight factor, the field equation turns out to be the
fifth Painleve equation. This model suggests the existence of a knot soliton
strictly confined in a finite spatial volume. Some other interesting cases are
also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99152 </DOCNO>
Rozansky-Witten theory


  Rozansky and Witten proposed in 1996 a family of new three-dimensional
topological quantum field theories, indexed by compact (or asymptotically flat)
hyperkaehler manifolds. As a byproduct they proved that hyperkaehler manifolds
also give rise to Vassiliev weight systems. These may be thought of as
invariants of hyperkaehler manifolds, so the theory is of interest to geometers
as well as to low-dimensional topologists. This paper surveys the geometrical
construction of the weight systems, how they may be integrated into the
framework of Lie algebra weight systems (joint work with Simon Willerton),
their applications, and an approach to a rigorous construction of the TQFTs
(joint work with Justin Sawon and Simon Willerton).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148906 </DOCNO>
BCFT and Sliver state


  We give a comment on the possible role of the sliver state in the generic
boundary conformal field theory. We argue that for each Cardy state, there
exists at least one projector in the string field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99218 </DOCNO>
Commuting families in skew fields and quantization of Beauville's


  We construct commuting families in fraction fields of symmetric powers of
algebras. The classical limit of this construction gives Poisson commuting
families associated with linear systems. In the case of a K3 surface S, they
correspond to lagrangian fibrations introduced by Beauville. When S is the
canonical cone of an algebraic curve C, we construct commuting families of
differential operators on symmetric powers of C, quantizing the Beauville
systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2954 </DOCNO>
Interrelation between antiferromagnetic and superconducting gaps in


  We propose a phenomenological model, comprising a microscopic \sof model plus
the on-site Hubbard interaction $U$ (``projected \sof model'') to understand
the interrelation between the d-wave-gap modulation observed by recent
angle-resolved photoemission experiments in the insulating antiferromagnet
Ca$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$ and the d-wave gap of high-Tc superconducting materials.
The on-site interaction $U$ is important in order to produce a Mott gap of the
correct order of magnitude, which would be absent in an exact \sof theory. The
projected \sof-model explains the gap characteristics, namely both the symmetry
and the different order of magnitude of the gap modulations between the \af and
the \sc phases. Furthermore, it is shown that the projected \sof theory can
provide an explanation for a recent observation [E. Pavarini et al., Phys. Rev.
Lett. 87, 47003 (2001)], i. e. that the maximum Tc observed in a large variety
of high-Tc cuprates scales with the next-nearest-neighbor hopping matrix
element $t'$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127120 </DOCNO>
Formation of Nuclear "Pasta" in Cold Neutron Star Matter


  Formation and decay of rod-like and slab-like nuclei, as may be encountered
in the outer parts of neutron stars, are examined within a zero-temperature
stability analysis with respect to perturbations inducing fission and proton
clustering. The nonspherical nuclei are found to be stable against these
perturbations, implying the possibility that the size of the stellar region
containing such nuclei exceeds the equilibrium prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126685 </DOCNO>
HST Imagery and CFHT Fabry-Perot 2-D Spectroscopy in Halpha of the


  With HST-WFPC2 we have obtained a deep, H-alpha image of the WR nebula M1-67.
With the interferometer of the Universite Laval (Quebec, Canada), we have
obtained complementary Fabry-Perot H-alpha data using CFHT MOS/SIS. On the deep
H-alpha image we have performed continuous wavelet transforms to isolate
stochastic structures of different characteristic size and look for scaling
laws. Small-scale wavelet coefficients show that the density field of M1-67 is
remarkably structured in chaotically oriented filaments. We draw attention to a
short, marginally inertial range at the smallest scales (6.7-15.0 X 10^{-3}
pc), which can be attributed to turbulence in M1-67, and a strong scale break
at larger scales. Using our Fabry-Perot interferograms, we also present an
investigation of the statistical properties of fluctuating gas motions using
structure functions traced by H-alpha emission-line centroid velocities. We
find that there is a clear correlation at scales 0.02-0.22 pc between the mean
quadratic differences of radial velocities and distance over the surface of the
nebula. This implies that the velocity field shows an inertial range likely
related to turbulence. The first and second order moments of the velocity
increments are found to scale as <|Delta v(r)|> ~ r^{0.5} and <|Delta v(r)|^2>
\~ r^{0.9}. The former scaling law strongly suggests that compressible
turbulence is at play in M1-67, on the other hand, the latter scaling law
agrees very well with Larson-type laws for velocity turbulence. Examination of
the structure functions for different orders shows that the turbulent regime is
slightly intermittent and highly multifractal with universal multifractal
indexes alpha ~ 1.90-1.92 and C_1 ~ 0.04 \pm 0.01.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41005 </DOCNO>
Excited Heavy Baryons and Their Symmetries III: Phenomenology


  Phenomenological applications of an effective theory of low-lying excited
states of charm and bottom isoscalar baryons are discussed at leading and
next-to-leading order in the combined heavy quark and large $N_c$ expansion.
The combined expansion is formulated in terms of the counting parameter
$\lambda\sim 1/m_Q, 1/N_c$; the combined expansion is in powers of
$\lambda^{1/2}$. We work up to next-to-leading order. We obtain
model-independent predictions for the excitation energies, the semileptonic
form factors and electromagnetic decay rates. The spin-averaged mass of the
doublet of the first orbitally excited sate of $\Lambda_b$ is predicted to be
approximately $5920 MeV$. It is shown that in the combined limit at leading and
next-to-leading order there is only one independent form factor describing
$\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c \ell \bar{\nu}$; similarly, $\Lambda_b \to
\Lambda_{c}^{*} \ell \bar{\nu}$ and $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_{c1} \ell \bar{\nu}$
decays are described by a single independent form factor. These form factors
are calculated at leading and next-to-leading order in the combined expansion.
The electromagnetic decay rates of the first excited states of $\Lambda_c$ and
$\Lambda_b$ are determined at leading and next-to leading order. The ratio of
radiative decay rates $\Gamma(\Lambda_{c}^{*} \to \Lambda_c \gamma) /
\Gamma(\Lambda_{b1} \to \Lambda_b \gamma)$ is predicted to be approximately
0.2, greatly different from the heavy quark effective theory value of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5512 </DOCNO>
Light scattering by optically anisotropic scatterers II: T--matrix


  This is the second paper in a series on light scattering from optically
anisotropic scatterers embedded in an isotropic medium. The apparently complex
T-matrix theory involving mixing of angular momentum components turns out to be
an efficient approach to calculating scattering in these systems. We present
preliminary results of numerical calculations of the scattering by spherical
droplets in some simple cases. The droplets contain optically anisotropic
material with local radial or uniform anisotropy. We concentrate on cases in
which the scattering is due only to the local optical anisotropy within the
scatterer. For radial anisotropy we find non-monotonic dependence of the
scattering cross-section on the degree of anisotropy can occur in a regime for
which both the Rayleigh and semi-classical theories are inapplicable. For
uniform anisotropy the cross-section is strongly dependent on the angle between
the incident light and the optical axis, and for larger droplets this
dependence is non-monotonic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129626 </DOCNO>
A new 21-cm absorber identified with an $L \sim L^\star$ galaxy


  We present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of redshifted
21-cm absorption from the $z=0.437$ metal line absorption system towards PKS
1243-072. HI absorption is clearly detected; the absorption profile has a
velocity spread of $\sim 20$ km/s. Detection of 21-cm absorption indicates that
the absorber has an HI column density large enough to be classified as a damped
Lyman-$\alpha$ system. Follow up ground based optical imaging and spectroscopy
allow us to identify the absorber with an $L \sim L^\star$ galaxy at an impact
parameter of $\sim 9.8$ kpc from the line of sight to the QSO. The absorbing
galaxy is unusual in that it has bright emission lines. On the basis of the
optical spectrum we are unable to uniquely classify the galaxy since its
emission line ratios lie in the transition region between starburst and Seyfert
II type spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6989 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics and Topology of Disordered Systems: Statistics of the


  The statistical properties of random lattice knots, the topology of which is
determined by the algebraic topological Jones-Kauffman invariants was studied
by analytical and numerical methods. The Kauffman polynomial invariant of a
random knot diagram was represented by a partition function of the Potts model
with a random configuration of ferro- and antiferromagnetic bonds, which
allowed the probability distribution of the random dense knots on a flat square
lattice over topological classes to be studied. A topological class is
characterized by the highest power of the Kauffman polynomial invariant and
interpreted as the free energy of a q-component Potts spin system for
q->infinity. It is shown that the highest power of the Kauffman invariant is
correlated with the minimum energy of the corresponding Potts spin system. The
probability of the lattice knot distribution over topological classes was
studied by the method of transfer matrices, depending on the type of local
junctions and the size of the flat knot diagram. The obtained results are
compared to the probability distribution of the minimum energy of a Potts
system with random ferro- and antiferromagnetic bonds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98815 </DOCNO>
The Continuous Wavelet Transform and Symmetric Spaces


  The continuous wavelet transform has become a widely used tool in applied
science during the last decade. In this article we discuss some generalizations
coming from actions of closed subgroups of $\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{R})$ acting
on $\mathbb{R}^n$. In particular, we propose a way to invert the wavelet
transform in the case where the stabilizer of a generic point in $\mathbb{R}^n$
is not compact, but a symmetric subgroup, a case that has not previously been
discussed in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74294 </DOCNO>
Lattice determination of the critical point of QCD at finite T and \mu


  Based on universal arguments it is believed that there is a critical point
(E) in QCD on the temperature (T) versus chemical potential (\mu) plane, which
is of extreme importance for heavy-ion experiments. Using finite size scaling
and a recently proposed lattice method to study QCD at finite \mu we determine
the location of E in QCD with n_f=2+1 dynamical staggered quarks with
semi-realistic masses on $L_t=4$ lattices. Our result is T_E=160 \pm 3.5 MeV
and \mu_E= 725 \pm 35 MeV. For the critical temperature at \mu=0 we obtained
T_c=172 \pm 3 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41260 </DOCNO>
Global Analysis of Solar Neutrino Oscillations Including SNO CC


  For active and sterile neutrinos, we present the globally allowed solutions
for two neutrino oscillations. We include the SNO CC measurement and all other
relevant solar neutrino and reactor data. Five active neutrino oscillation
solutions (LMA, LOW, SMA, VAC, and Just So2) are currently allowed at 3 sigma;
three sterile neutrino solutions (Just So2, SMA, and VAC) are allowed at 3
sigma. The goodness of fit is satisfactory for all eight solutions. We also
investigate the robustness of the allowed solutions by carrying out global
analyses with and without: 1) imposing solar model constraints on the 8B
neutrino flux, 2) including the Super-Kamiokande spectral energy distribution
and day-night data, 3) including a continuous mixture of active and sterile
neutrinos, 4) using an enhanced CC cross section for deuterium (due to
radiative corrections), and 5) a optimistic, hypothetical reduction by a factor
of three of the error of the SNO CC rate. For every analysis strategy used in
this paper, the most favored solutions all involve large mixing angles: LMA,
LOW, or VAC. The favored solutions are robust, but the presence at 3 sigma of
individual sterile solutions and the active Just So2 solution is sensitive to
the analysis assumptions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74982 </DOCNO>
Charmed baryons in lattice QCD


  Masses of singly and doubly charmed baryons are calculated in quenched
lattice QCD using an improved action of the D234 type on an anisotropic
lattice. The mass differences between spin 3/2 and spin 1/2 baryon states are
calculated and compared to mass differences between vector and pseudoscalar
mesons. The suppression of spin splittings in mesons containing heavy quarks,
characteristic of quenched QCD simulations, is not observed in the baryon
sector. The mass dependence of color hyperfine effects is discussed within the
context of the quark model and heavy quark effective theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127645 </DOCNO>
Tidal scattering of stars on supermassive black holes in galactic


  Some of the mass that feeds the growth of a massive black hole (BH) in a
galactic center is supplied by tidal disruption of stars that approach it on
unbound, low angular momentum orbits. For each star that is disrupted, others
narrowly escape after being subjected to extreme tidal distortion, spin-up,
mixing and mass-loss, which may affect their evolution and appearance. We show
that it is likely that a significant fraction of the stars around massive BHs
in galactic centers have undergone such extreme tidal interactions and survived
subsequent total disruption, either by being deflected off their orbit or by
missing the BH due to its Brownian motion. We discuss possible long-term
observable consequences of this process, which may be relevant for
understanding the nature of stars in galactic centers, and may provide a
signature of the existence of massive BHs there.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2289 </DOCNO>
Transport and the Order Parameter of Superconducting Sr$_2$RuO$_4$


  Recent experiments make it appear more likely that the order parameter of the
unconventional superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ has a spin-triplet $f$-wave
symmetry. We study ultrasonic absorption and thermal conductivity of
superconducting Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ and fit to the recent data for various $f$-wave
candidates. It is shown that only $f_{x^2-y^2}$-wave symmetry can account
qualitatively for the transport data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 710 </DOCNO>
A new relation between pressure and fractional flow in two-phase flow in


  We study average flow properties in porous media using a two-dimensional
network simulator. It models the dynamics of two-phase immiscible bulk flow
where film flow can be neglected. The boundary conditions are biperiodic which
provide a means of studying steady state flow where complex bubble dynamics
dominate the flow picture. We find fractional flow curves and corresponding
pressure curves for different capillary numbers. In particular, we study the
case of the two phases having equal viscosity. In this case we find that the
derivative of the fractional flow with respect to saturation is related to the
global pressure drop. This result can also be expressed in terms of relative
permeabilities or mobilities, resulting in an equation tying together the
mobilities of the two phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149723 </DOCNO>
On Unconstrained SU(2) Gluodynamics with Theta Angle


  The Hamiltonian reduction of classical SU(2) Yang-Mills field theory to the
equivalent unconstrained theory of gauge invariant local dynamical variables is
generalized to the case of nonvanishing theta angle. It is shown that for any
theta angle the elimination of the pure gauge degrees of freedom leads to a
corresponding unconstrained nonlocal theory of self-interacting second rank
symmetric tensor fields, and that the obtained classical unconstrained
gluodynamics with different theta angles are canonically equivalent as on the
original constrained level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1303 </DOCNO>
Superconducting magnesium diboride films on Silicon with Tc0 about 24K


  Superconducting magnesium diboride films with Tc0 ~ 24 K and sharp transition
\~ 1 K were successfully prepared on silicon substrates by pulsed laser
deposition from a stoichiometric MgB2 target. Contrary to previous reports,
anneals at 630 degree and a background of 2x10^(-4) torr Ar/4%H2 were performed
without the requirement of Mg vapor or an Mg cap layer. This integration of
superconducting MgB2 films on silicon may thus prove enabling in
superconductor-semiconductor device applications. Images of surface morphology
and cross-section profiles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show that the
films have a uniform surface morphology and thickness. Energy dispersive
spectroscopy (EDS) reveals these films were contaminated with oxygen,
originating either from the growth environment or from sample exposure to air.
The oxygen contamination may account for the low Tc for those in-situ annealed
films, while the use of Si as the substrate does not result in a decrease in Tc
as compared to other substrates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149248 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Extra Dimensions from Cosmological and Terrestrial


  If quantum fields exist in extra compact dimensions, they will give rise to a
quantum vacuum or Casimir energy. That vacuum energy will manifest itself as a
cosmological constant. The fact that supernova and cosmic microwave background
data indicate that the cosmological constant is of the same order as the
critical mass density to close the universe supplies a lower bound on the size
of the extra dimensions. Recent laboratory constraints on deviations from
Newton's law place an upper limit. The allowed region is so small as to suggest
that either extra compact dimensions do not exist, or their properties are
about to be tightly constrained by experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73249 </DOCNO>
On the Manifestation of Chiral Symmetry in Nuclei and Dense Nuclear


  This article reviews our view on how chiral symmetry, its pattern of breaking
and restoration under extreme conditions manifest themselves in the nucleon,
nuclei, nuclear matter and dense hadronic matter. Topics treated are nucleon
structure in terms of chiral symmetry, "first-principle" (QCD) calculations of
the properties of finite nuclei effectuated by embedding the ``standard nuclear
physics approach" into the framework of effective field theories of nuclei with
predictions for certain astrophysical processes, a reinterpretation of the
Brown-Rho (BR) scaling that implements chiral symmetry property of baryon-rich
medium \`a la "vector manifestation" of hidden local symmetry, evidences for BR
scaling in nuclear processes at normal nuclear matter density and at higher
density, the notion of "broadband equilibration" in heavy-ion processes, and
the role of strangeness in the formation of compact stars and their collapse
into black-holes. We revisit the "Cheshire-Cat phenomenon" recently revived in
the form of "quark-hadron continuity" in mapping low-density structure of
hadrons to high-density structure of quarks and gluons and suggest how
color-flavor locking in terms of QCD variables and hidden local symmetry in
terms of hadronic variables may be connected and how BR scaling could fit into
this "continuity" scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113888 </DOCNO>
The Next Linear Collider Extraction Line Design


  The two main functions of the NLC extraction line include: 1) transmission of
the outgoing disrupted beam and secondary particles to the dump with minimal
losses; and 2) beam diagnostics and control. In this report, we describe the
extraction line optics, present the results of tracking studies, and discuss
the extraction line instrumentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96170 </DOCNO>
Automorphism groups of normal CR 3-manifolds


  We classify the normal CR structures on $S^3$ and their automorphism groups.
Together with [3], this closes the classification of normal CR structures on
contact 3-manifolds. We give a criterion to compare 2 normal CR structures, and
we show that the underlying contact structure is, up to homotopy, unique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41582 </DOCNO>
Light Meson Physics from Charm Decays at Fermilab E791


  We present recent results on light mesons based on Dalitz plot analyses of
charm decays from Fermilab experiment E791. Scalar mesons are found to have
large contributions to the decays studied, $D^+\to K^-\pi^+\pi^+$ and $D^+,
D_s^+\to\pi^-\pi^+\pi^+$. From the $K\pi\pi$ final state, we find good evidence
for the existence of the light and broad $\kappa$ meson and we measure its mass
and width. We also discuss recently published results on the 3$\pi$ final
states, especially the measurement of the $f_0$ parameters and the evidence for
the $\sigma$ meson from $D^+\to\sigma\pi^+$. These results demonstrate the
importance of charm decays as a new environment for the study of light meson
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41658 </DOCNO>
Direct Photons from Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions


  Direct photons have been proposed as a promising signature for the
quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Recently WA98 presented the first data on direct photons in Pb+Pb-collisions at
SPS. At the same time RHIC started with its experimental program. The discovery
of the QGP in these experiments relies on a comparison of data with theoretical
predictions for QGP signals. In the case of direct photons new results for the
production rates of thermal photons from the QGP and a hot hadron gas as well
as for prompt photons from initial hard parton scatterings have been proposed
recently. Based on these rates a variety of different hydrodynamic models,
describing the space-time evolution of the fireball, have been adopted for
calculating the direct photon spectra. The results have been compared to the
WA98 data and predictions for RHIC and LHC have been made. So far the
conclusions of the various models are controversial.
  The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date
survey and status report on the experimental and theoretical aspects of direct
photons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149308 </DOCNO>
The stability of the shell of D6-D2 branes in a ${\cal N}=2$


  The stability of the shell of wrapped D6-branes on K3 is investigated from
the point of view of supergravity. We first construct an effective
energy-momentum tensor for the shell under the reasonable conditions and show
that supersymmetric solutions satisfy Israel's junction conditions at arbitrary
radius of the shell. Next we study the perturbation of the whole system
including the self-gravity of the shell. It is found that in spite of the
existence of wrapped D6-branes with negative tension, there is no eigenmode
whose frequencies of the shell and the fields are imaginary numbers, at any
radius of the shell. Furthermore, when the radius of the shell is less than the
enhan\c{c}on radius, resonances are produced, and this indicates a kind of
``instability'' of the system. This can even classically explain why the shell
is constructed at the enhan\c{c}on radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7232 </DOCNO>
Energy Spectrum of the Random Velocity Field Induced by a Gaussian


  Using the Gaussian model of the vortex tangle (VT) arising in the turbulent
superfluid HeII, we calculate the energy spectrum $E(k)$ of the 3D random
velocity field induced by that VT. If the VT is assumed to be a purely fractal
object with Haussdorf dimension $H_D$, the $E(k)$ is a power-like function
$E(k)\propto k^{-2+H_D}$. A more realistic VT in HeII is a semi-fractal object,
behaving as smooth line for small separations $\Delta \xi \ll R$ ($\xi $ is the
label coordinate, $R$ is mean curvature)and having a random walk structure for
large $\Delta \xi $ with $H_D=2$. For that case calculations give a spectrum
$E(k)$ that is $k$-independent for $k$ smaller than 1/R (but larger than the
inverse size of the system) and that scales as $k^{-1}$ for larger $k$. The
latter reflects the fact that for small scales a vortex filament behaves as a
smooth line. Our results agree with recent numerical simulations. PACS numbers:
47.32.Cc, 47.37.+q, 67.40.Vs., 05.10.Gg.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5903 </DOCNO>
Degenerate fermion gas heating by hole creation


  Loss processes that remove particles from an atom trap leave holes behind in
the single particle distribution if the trapped gas is a degenerate fermion
system. The appearance of holes increases the temperature and we show that the
heating is (i) significant if the initial temperature is well below the Fermi
temperature $T_{F}$, and (ii) increases the temperature to $T \geq T_{F}/4$
after half of the system's lifetime, regardless of the initial temperature. The
hole heating has important consequences for the prospect of observing
Cooper-pairing in atom traps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96069 </DOCNO>
Factorization of Unitary Matrices


  Factorization of an $n\times n$ unitary matrix as a product of $n$ diagonal
matrices containing only phases interlaced with $n-1$ orthogonal matrices each
one generated by a real vector as well as an explicit form for the Weyl
factorization are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149456 </DOCNO>
Searching for string theories of the standard model


  We briefly review attempts to construct string theories that yield the
standard model, concentrating on models with a geometric interpretation.
Calabi-Yau compactifications are discussed in the context of both the weakly
coupled heterotic string and the strongly coupled version, heterotic M-theory.
Similarly, we consider orbifold compactifications of weakly coupled heterotic
theory and of Type II theories in the presence of D-branes. The latter allows a
"bottom-up" construction that so far seems the most natural and direct route to
the standard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149694 </DOCNO>
Analytic Loops and Gauge Fields


  In this paper the linear representations of analytic Moufang loops are
investigated. We prove that every representation of semisimple analytic Moufang
loop is completely reducible and find all nonassociative irreducible
representations. We show that such representations are closely associated with
the (anti-)self-dual Yang-Mills equations in ${\bf R}^8$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96927 </DOCNO>
Commutator Representations of Covariant Differential Calculi on Quantum


  Let (G,d) be a first order differential *-calculus on a *-algebra A. We say
that a pair (\pi,F) of a *-representation \pi of A on a dense domain D of a
Hilbert space and a symmetric operator F on D gives a commutator representation
of G if there exists a linear mapping t:G -> L(D) such that
t(adb)=\pi(a)i[F,\pi(b)], a,b in A. Among others, it is shown that each
left-covariant *-calculus G of a compact quantum group Hopf *-algebra A has a
faithful commutator representation. For a class of bicovariant *-calculi on A
there is a commutator representation such that F is the image of a central
element of the quantum tangent space. If A is the Hopf *-algebra of the compact
form of one of the quantum groups SL_q(n+1), O_q(n), Sp_q(2n) with real
transcendental q, then this commutator representation is faithful.
 Keywords: Quantum Groups; Noncommuative Geometry; Differential Calculus

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77039 </DOCNO>
Fundamental physics at an X-ray free electron laser


  X-ray free electron lasers (FELs) have been proposed to be constructed both
at SLAC in the form of the so-called Linac Coherent Light Source as well as at
DESY, where the so-called XFEL laboratory is part of the design of the
electron-positron linear collider TESLA. In addition to the immediate
applications in condensed matter physics, chemistry, material science, and
structural biology, X-ray FELs may be employed also to study some physics
issues of fundamental nature. In this context, one may mention the boiling of
the vacuum (Schwinger pair creation in an external field), horizon physics
(Unruh effect), and axion production. We review these X-ray FEL opportunities
of fundamental physics and discuss the necessary technological improvements in
order to achieve these goals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98213 </DOCNO>
A Note on the Real Fermionic and Bosonic quadratic forms: Their


  We explain in this note how real fermionic and bosonic quadratic forms can be
effectively diagonalized. Nothing like that exists for the general complex
hermitian forms. Looks like this observation was missed in the Quantum Field
theoretical literature. The present author observed it for the case of fermions
in 1986 making some topological work dedicated to the problem: how to construct
Morse-type inequalities for the generic real vector fields? This idea also is
presented in the note.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 645 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal Solitons in Carbon Nanotubes


  We present the results on the soliton excitations in carbon nanotubes (CNT)
using Brenner's many-body potential. Our numerical simulations demonstrate high
soliton stability in (10,10) CNT. The interactions of solitons and solitary
excitations with CNT defects are found to be inelastic if the excitations and
defects length scales are comparable, resulting in a substantial part of
soliton energy being distributed inhomogeneously over the defect bonds. In
these solitary-cap collisions the local energy of few bonds in the cap can
exceeds the average energy by an order of magnitude and more. This phenomenon
denoted as "Tsunami effect" can contribute dynamically to the recently proposed
"kinky chemistry". We also present results of changes in the local density of
states and variations in the atomic partial charges estimated at different time
instants of the solitary Tsunami at the nanotube cap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4250 </DOCNO>
Bound states in d-density-wave phases


  We investigate the quasiparticle spectrum near surfaces in a two-dimensional
system with d-density-wave order within a mean-field theory. For Fermi surfaces
with perfect nesting for the ordering wave vector of the d-density-wave, a zero
energy bound state occurs at [110] surfaces, in close analogy with the known
effect in d-wave superconducting states or graphite. When the shape of the
Fermi surface is changed by doping, the bound state energy moves away from the
Fermi level. Furthermore, away from half-filling we find inhomogeneous phases
with domain walls of the d-density-wave order parameter. The domain walls also
support low energy bound states. These phenomena might provide an experimental
test for hidden d-density-wave order in the high-Tc cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83762 </DOCNO>
Reconciliation of a Quantum-Distributed Gaussian Key


  Two parties, Alice and Bob, wish to distill a binary secret key out of a list
of Gaussian variables that were distributed with the help of quantum
cryptography. We present a novel construction that allows the legitimate
parties to get equal strings out of correlated variables, using a classical
channel, with as few leaked information as possible. This opens the way to
securely correcting non-binary key elements. In particular, the construction is
refined to the case of Gaussian-distributed variables as it applies directly to
a quantum cryptography protocol developed recently.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114161 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Formalism for Solving the Vlasov-Poisson Equations and Its


  A Hamiltonian approach to the solution of the Vlasov-Poisson equations has
been developed. Based on a nonlinear canonical transformation, the rapidly
oscillating terms in the original Hamiltonian are transformed away, yielding a
new Hamiltonian that contains slowly varying terms only. The formalism has been
applied to the dynamics of an intense beam propagating through a periodic
focusing lattice, and to the coherent beam-beam interaction. A stationary
solution to the transformed Vlasov equation has been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96503 </DOCNO>
A diameter bound for closed, hyperbolic 3-manifolds


  We show there is an upper bound on the diameter of a closed, hyperbolic
3-manifold in terms of the length of any presentation of its fundamental group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98926 </DOCNO>
QED Hopf algebras on planar binary trees


  In this paper we describe the Hopf algebras on planar binary trees used to
renormalize the Feynman propagators of quantum electrodynamics, and the
coaction which describes the renormalization procedure. Both structures are
related to some semi-direct coproduct of Hopf algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149815 </DOCNO>
Mesons in (2+1) Dimensional Light Front QCD. II. Similarity


  Recently we have studied the Bloch effective Hamiltonian approach to bound
states in 2+1 dimensional gauge theories. Numerical calculations were carried
out to investigate the vanishing energy denominator problem. In this work we
study similarity renormalization approach to the same problem. By performing
analytical calculations with a step function form for the similarity factor, we
show that in addition to curing the vanishing energy denominator problem,
similarity approach generates linear confining interaction for large transverse
separations. However, for large longitudinal separations, the generated
interaction grows only as the square root of the longitudinal separation and
hence produces violations of rotational symmetry in the spectrum. We carry out
numerical studies in the G{\l}azek-Wilson and Wegner formalisms and present low
lying eigenvalues and wavefunctions. We investigate the sensitivity of the
spectra to various parameterizations of the similarity factor and other
parameters of the effective Hamiltonian, especially the scale $\sigma$. Our
results illustrate the need for higher order calculations of the effective
Hamiltonian in the similarity renormalization scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128884 </DOCNO>
Radio astronomical polarimetry and phase-coherent matrix convolution


  A new phase-coherent technique for the calibration of polarimetric data is
presented. Similar to the one-dimensional form of convolution, data are
multiplied by the response function in the frequency domain. Therefore, the
system response may be corrected with arbitrarily high spectral resolution,
effectively treating the problem of bandwidth depolarization. As well, the
original temporal resolution of the data is retained. The method is therefore
particularly useful in the study of radio pulsars, where high time resolution
and polarization purity are essential requirements of high-precision timing. As
a demonstration of the technique, it is applied to full-polarization baseband
recordings of the nearby millisecond pulsar, PSR J0437-4715.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123371 </DOCNO>
The Lyman-Alpha Forest at 1.5 < z < 4


  Using high resolution (R ~ 45000), high S/N (20-50) VLT/UVES observations
covering the Lyman-alpha forest at 1.5 < z < 2.4 combined with similar
observations at z > 2.4 from the literature, we have presented the redshift
evolution of the Lyman-alpha forest at 1.5 < z < 4. We applied two parallel
analyses: the tradiational Voigt profile fitting and a statistical measure of
the flux. The general conclusions from both analyses are in good agreement. In
general, the properties of the Lyman-alpha forest at 1.5 < z < 2.4, such as the
different density distribution function, the correlation strengths and the mean
neutral hydrogen opacity, evolve as expected extrapolating from at z > 2.4.
These results suggest the main drive of the redshift evolution of the forest at
1.5 < z < 4 is the Hubble expansion. When combined with the HST observations
from the QSO key project at z < 1.7, a flattening of the line number density
evolution does seem to occur at z ~ 1.2. The result suggests that the ionizing
UV background might not evolve as strongly as a QSO-dominated background,
indicating a contribution to the UV background from galaxies at z < 2. The
lower cut-off Doppler paramter at the fixed column denisty log N = 13.5 shows a
slight increase as z decreases, with a possible local maximum at z ~ 2.9. The
slope of the lower cut-off Doppler parameter is not well-defined with z.
However, it is flatter at z < 3.1 than at z ~ 3.75.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74454 </DOCNO>
LMA MSW Solution in the Minimal $SU(3)_L \times U(1)_N$ Gauge Model


  The minimal $SU(3)_L \times U(1)_N$ gauge model for $(\nu,\ell,\ell^C)$
equipped with the (approximate) $L_e-L_\mu-L_\tau$ symmetry and a discrete
$Z_4$ symmetry is found to provide radiative neutrino masses compatible with
the LMA MSW solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86060 </DOCNO>
Algebraically special, expanding and twisting gravitational fields with


  The system of Einstein-Maxwell equations for fields mentioned in the title is
simplified. Known pure radiation solutions are systematized and new solutions
are given by separating the variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169476 </DOCNO>
Role of interference and entanglement in quantum neural processing


  The role of interference and entanglement in quantum neural processing is
discussed. It is argued that on contrast to the quantum computing the problem
of the use of exponential resources as the payment for the absense of
entanglement does not exist for quantum neural processing. This is because of
corresponding systems, as any modern classical artificial neural systems, do
not realize functions precisely, but approximate them by training on small sets
of examples. It can permit to implement quantum neural systems optically,
because in this case there is no need in exponential resources of optical
devices (beam-splitters etc.). On the other hand, the role of entanglement in
quantum neural processing is still very important, because it actually
associates qubit states: this is necessary feature of quantum neural memory
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2063 </DOCNO>
Local Defect in Metallic Quantum Critical Systems


  We present a theory of a single point, line or plane defect coupling to the
square of the order parameter in a metallic system near a quantum critical
point at or above its upper critical dimension. At criticality, a spin droplet
is nucleated around the defect with droplet core size determined by the
strength of the defect potential. Outside the core a universal slowly decaying
tail of the droplet is found, leading to many dissipative channels coupling to
the droplet and to a complete suppression of quantum tunneling. We propose an
NMR experiment to measure the impurity-induced changes in the local spin
susceptibility.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75303 </DOCNO>
Update on neutrino mixing in the early Universe


  From the current cosmological observations of CMB and nuclear abundances we
show, with an analytic procedure, that the total effective number of extra
neutrino species $\Delta N_{\nu}^{\rm tot}< 0.3$. We also describe the possible
signatures of non standard effects that could be revealed in future CMB
observations. This cosmological information is then applied to neutrino mixing
models. Taking into account the recent results from the SNO and SuperKamiokande
experiments, disfavouring pure active to sterile neutrino oscillations, we show
that all 4 neutrino mixing models, both of 2+2 and 3+1 type, lead to a full
thermalization of the sterile neutrino flavor. Moreover such a sterile neutrino
production excludes the possibility of an electron neutrino asymmetry
generation and we conclude that $\Delta N_{\nu}^{\rm tot}\simeq 1$, in
disagreement with the cosmological bound. This result is valid under the
assumption that the initial neutrino asymmetries are small. We suggest the
existence of a second sterile neutrino flavor, with mixing properties such to
generate a large electron neutrino asymmetry, as a possible way out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96674 </DOCNO>
On deformations of the filiform Lie superalgebra $L_{n,m}$


  In this work, we recall that every filiform Lie superalgebra is a deformation
of the superalgebra $L_{n,m}$. We study the even cocycles which give this
nilpotent deformations. A family of independent bilinear maps will help us to
describe this cocycles. At the end an evaluation of the dimension of the space
$Z_0^2(L_{n,m},L_{n,m})$ is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7238 </DOCNO>
Energetics and Vibrational States for Hydrogen on Pt(111)


  We present a combination of theoretical calculations and experiments for the
low-lying vibrational excitations of H and D atoms adsorbed on the Pt(111)
surface. The vibrational band states are calculated based on the full
three-dimensional adiabatic potential energy surface obtained from first
principles calculations. For coverages less than three quarters of a monolayer,
the observed experimental high-resolution electron peaks at 31 and 68meV are in
excellent agreement with the theoretical transitions between selected bands.
Our results convincingly demonstrate the need to go beyond the local harmonic
oscillator picture to understand the dynamics of this system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73511 </DOCNO>
The Extrgalactic Gamma-Ray Background


  The COMPTEL and EGRET detectors aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory
measured an extragalactic gamma-ray background extending from MeV energies up
to about 100 GeV. Calculations performed making reasonable assumptions indicate
that blazars can account for the background between about 10 MeV and at least
10 GeV. Below 30 MeV, the background flux and spectrum are not very well
determined and a dedicated satellite detector will be required to remedy this
situation. Below 10 MeV, supernovae and possibly AGN may contribute to the
extragalactic background flux. Above 10 GeV, the role of blazars in
contributing to the background is unclear because we do not have data on their
spectra at these energies and because theoretical models predict that many of
them will have spectra which should cut off in this energy range. At these
higher energies, a new component, perhaps from topological defects, may
contribute to the background, as well as X-ray selected BL Lac objects. The
future GLAST detector should provide important data on the emission of
extragalactic sources above 10 GeV and help resolve this issue. GLAST may also
be able to detect the signature of intergalactic absorption by pair production
interactions of background gamma-rays of energy above 20 GeV with starlight
photons, this signature being a steepening of the background spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179713 </DOCNO>
The size of two-body weakly bound objects : short versus long range


  The variation of the size of two-body objects is investigated, as the
separation energy approaches zero, with both long range potentials and short
range potentials having a repulsive core. It is shown that long range
potentials can also give rise to very extended systems. The asymptotic laws
derived for states with angular momentum l=1,2 differ from the ones obtained
with short range potentials. The sensitivity of the asymptotic laws on the
shape and length of short range potentials defined by two and three parameters
is studied. These ideas as well as the transition from the short to the long
range regime for the l=0 case are illustrated using the Kratzer potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149370 </DOCNO>
From Quantum Action to Quantum Chaos


  We have recently suggested a quantum action, which has the form of a
classical action and takes into account quantum effects via renormalized action
parameters. Here we apply it to quantum chaos. We study a system in 2-D with
weak anharmonic coupling ($V_{coupl} \propto x^{2}y^{2}$) being classically
chaotic. We construct the quantum action at finite temperature. We compute
Poincar\'e sections of the quantum action at that temperature and compare it
with those of the classical action. We observe chaotic behavior in both cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126382 </DOCNO>
Continuous stellar mass-loss in N-body models of galaxies


  We present an N-body computer code - aimed at studies of galactic dynamics -
with a CPU-efficient algorithm for a continuous (i.e. time-dependent) stellar
mass-loss. First, we summarize available data on stellar mass-loss and derive
the long-term (20 Gyr) dependence of mass-loss rate of a coeval stellar
population. We then implement it, through a simple parametric form, into a
particle-mesh code with stellar and gaseous particles. We perform several tests
of the algorithm reliability and show an illustrative application: a 2D
simulation of a disk galaxy, starting as purely stellar but evolving as
two-component due to gradual mass-loss from initial stars and due to star
formation. In a subsequent paper we will use the code to study what changes are
induced in galactic disks by the continuous gas recycling compared to the
instantaneous recycling approximation, especially the changes in star formation
rate and radial inflow of matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 576 </DOCNO>
Constrained-path quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the zero-temperature


  We study the effects of disorder on long-range antiferromagnetic correlations
in the half-filled, two dimensional, repulsive Hubbard model at T=0. A mean
field approach is first employed to gain a qualitative picture of the physics
and to guide our choice for a trial wave function in a constrained path quantum
Monte Carlo (CPQMC) method that allows for a more accurate treatment of
correlations. Within the mean field calculation, we observe both Anderson and
Mott insulating antiferromagnetic phases. There are transitions to a paramagnet
only for relatively weak coupling, U < 2t in the case of bond disorder, and U <
4t in the case of on-site disorder. Using ground-state CPQMC we demonstrate
that this mean field approach significantly overestimates magnetic order. For
U=4t, we find a critical bond disorder of Vc = (1.6 +- 0.4)t even though within
mean field theory no paramagnetic phase is found for this value of the
interaction. In the site disordered case, we find a critical disorder of Vc =
(5.0 +- 0.5)t at U=4t.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6844 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Reverse Brazil Nut Problem: Competition between Percolation


  In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3423 (2001)] D.C. Hong, P.V. Quinn
and S. Luding investigated the Brazil nut problem and the reverse Brazil nut
problem at fixed temperature. A new condensation versus percolation driven
segregation mechanism was put forward, which has attracted much attention in
the press. The proposed mechanism is incorrect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3510 </DOCNO>
Axiomatic theory of nonequilibrium system


  Mutually conjugated synergetic schemes are assumed to address evolution of
nonequilibrium self-organizing system. Within framework of the former, the
system is parameterized by a conserving order parameter being a density, a
conjugate field reducing to gradient of related flux, and control parameter,
whose driven magnitude fixes stationary state. We show that so-introduced
conjugate field and control parameter are relevant to entropy and internal
energy, so that self-organization effect is appeared as a negative temperature.
Along the line of the conjugated scheme, roles of order parameter, conjugate
field and control parameter are played with a flux of conserving value, and
gradients of both chemical potential and temperature. With growth of the
latter, relevant value of the entropy shows to decrease in supercritical regime
related to spontaneous flux-state. We proof that both approach stated on using
density and conjugated flux as order parameters follow from unified field
theory related to the simplest choice of both Lagrangian and dissipative
function.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148783 </DOCNO>
Some Remarks About Berkovits' Superstring Field Theory


  In this short note we would like to discuss general solutions of the
Berkovits superstring field theory, in particular the string field action for
fluctuation around such a solution. We will find that fluctuations obey the
same equation of motion as the original field with the new BRST operator. Then
we will argue that the superstring field theory action for fluctuation field
has the same form as the original one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179255 </DOCNO>
Two-Frequency Shell-Model Calculations for p-Shell Nuclei


  We have studied p-shell nuclei using a two-frequency shell-model approach
with an effective interaction derived from the Bonn-A nucleon-nucleon potential
by means of a G-matrix folded-diagram method. Shell-model wave functions of two
different oscillator constant are employed, one for the inner 0s core orbit and
the outer valence orbits, respectively. The binding energies, energy spectra,
and electromagnetic properties are calculated and compared with experiment. A
quite satisfactory agreement with the experimental data is obtained, which is
in some cases even better than that produced by large-basis shell-model
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4762 </DOCNO>
Influence of Correlated Disorder Potentials on the Levitation of Current


  The disorder driven quantum Hall to insulator transition is investigated for
a two-dimensional lattice system. We consider a Gaussian correlated random
potential, study the behaviour of the current carrying states and trace their
energetical position when the disorder strength is increased. Our results
qualitatively resemble those obtained previously for exponentially correlated
disorder potentials. We find both the downward movement of the anti-Chern
states as well as the floating up of the Chern states across the Landau gap
which is sometimes masked by the global broadening of the tight binding band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96925 </DOCNO>
Jacobson's Theorem near saddle-node bifurcations


  We discuss one parameter families of unimodal maps, with negative Schwarzian
derivative, unfolding a saddle-node bifurcation. It was previously shown that
for a parameter set of positive Lebesgue density at the bifurcation, the maps
possess attracting periodic orbits of high period. We show that there is also a
parameter set of positive density at the bifurcation, for which the maps
exhibit absolutely continuous invariant measures which are supported on the
largest possible interval. We prove that these measures converge weakly to an
atomic measure supported on the orbit of the saddle-node point. Using these
measures we analyze the intermittent time series that result from the
destruction of the periodic attractor in the saddle-node bifurcation and prove
asymptotic formulae for the frequency with which orbits visit the region
previously occupied by the periodic attractor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85793 </DOCNO>
Static solutions in the R^4 brane world


  A simple five-dimensional brane world model is proposed, motivated by
M-theory compactified on a six-dimensional manifold of small radius and an
$S^1/Z_2$ of large radius. We include a leading-order higher curvature
correction to the tree-level bulk action since in brane world scenarios the
curvature scale in the bulk may be comparable to the five-dimensional Planck
scale and, thus, higher curvature corrections may become important. As a
tractable model of the bulk theory we consider pure gravity including a
$(Ricci-scalar)^4$-correction to the Einstein-Hilbert action. In this model
theory, after a conformal transformation to the Einstein frame, we numerically
obtain static solutions, each of which consists of a positive tension brane and
a negative tension brane. For these solutions, we obtain two relations between
the warp factor and the brane tensions. The existence of these relations
implies that, contrary to the original Randall-Sundrum model, the so called
radion is no longer a zero mode. We conclude that the tension of our brane
should be negative and that fine-tuning of the tension of both branes is
necessary for a large warp factor to explain the large hierarchy between the
Planck scale and the electroweak scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148491 </DOCNO>
Potential analysis of N=2 SUSY gauge theory with the Fayet-Iliopoulos


  We analyze the vacuum structure of spontaneously broken N=2 supersymmetric
gauge theory with the Fayet-Iliopoulos term. Our theory is based on the gauge
group SU(2) \times U(1) with N_f=2 massless quark hypermultiplets having the
same U(1) charges. In the classical potential, there are degenerate vacua even
in the absence of supersymmetry. It is shown that this vacuum degeneracy is
smoothed out, once quantum corrections are taken into account. While there is
the runaway direction in the effective potential, we found the promising
possibility that there appears the local minimum with broken supersymmetry at
the degenerate dyon point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150282 </DOCNO>
D-brane Bound States from Charged Macroscopic Strings


  We construct new D-brane bound states using charged macroscopic type IIB
string solutions.A generic bound state solution, when dimensionally reduced,
carries multiple gauge charges. Starting with D=9 charged macroscopic strings,
we obtain solutions in D=10, which are interpreted as carrying (F, D0, D2)
charges as well as nonzero momenta. The masses and charges are also explicitly
shown to satisfy the non-threshold bound of 1/2 BPS objects. Our solutions
reduce to the known D-brane bound state solutions with appropriate restrictions
in the parameter space. We further generalize the results to (Dp- D(p+2)) bound
state in IIA/B theories, giving an explicit example with p=1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98307 </DOCNO>
A generatingfunctionology approach to a problem of Wilf


  Wilf posed the following problem: determine asymptotically as $n\to\infty$
the probability that a randomly chosen part size in a randomly chosen
composition of n has multiplicity m. One solution of this problem was given by
Hitczenko and Savage. In this paper, we study this question using the
techniques of generating functions and singularity analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96617 </DOCNO>
On the level-dependence of Wess-Zumino-Witten three-point functions


  Three-point functions of Wess-Zumino-Witten models are investigated. In
particular, we study the level-dependence of three-point functions in the
models based on algebras $su(3)$ and $su(4)$. We find a correspondence with
Berenstein-Zelevinsky triangles. Using previous work connecting those triangles
to the fusion multiplicities, and the Gepner-Witten depth rule, we explain how
to construct the full three-point functions. We show how their level-dependence
is similar to that of the related fusion multiplicity. For example, the concept
of threshold level plays a prominent role, as it does for fusion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41493 </DOCNO>
Dijet production in neutral current deep inelastic scattering at HERA


  Dijet cross sections in neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering have
been measured in the range $10 < \Q2 < 10^4$ GeV$^2$ with the ZEUS detector at
HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.4 pb$^{-1}$. The cross sections,
measured in the Breit frame using the $\kt$ jet algorithm, are compared with
next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations using proton parton
distribution functions. The uncertainties of the QCD calculations have been
studied. The predictions are in reasonable agreement with the measured cross
sections over the entire kinematic range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169430 </DOCNO>
Implementation of quantum gates and preparation of entangled states in


  We propose a scheme to perform basic gates of quantum computing and prepare
entangled states in a system with cold trapped ions located in a single mode
optical cavity. General quantum computing can be made with motional state of
the trapped ion and cavity state being qubits. We can also generate different
kinds of entangled states in such a system without state reduction and transfer
quantum states from the ion in one trap to the ion in another trap.
Experimental feasibility for achieving our scheme is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6184 </DOCNO>
Some rigorous results for the Hopfield Model


  For the Hopfield model with the Hebb connection matrix we investigate the
case of $p$ memorized patterns that are distorted copies of the same {\it
standard}. In other words, we try to simulate that learning always takes place
by means of repeating presentations of one and the same standard, and the
presentations are accompanied by distortions of the standard. We obtain some
rigorous results relating to the dependence of the fixed points on external
parameters of the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76941 </DOCNO>
Transplanckian Collisions at the LHC and Beyond


  Elastic collisions in the transplanckian region, where the center-of-mass
energy is much larger than the fundamental gravity mass scale, can be described
by linearized general relativity and known quantum-mechanical effects as long
as the momentum transfer of the process is sufficiently small. For larger
momentum transfer, non-linear gravitational effects become important and,
although a computation is lacking, black-hole formation is expected to dominate
the dynamics. We discuss how elastic transplanckian collisions can be used at
high-energy colliders to study, in a quantitative and model-independent way,
theories in which gravity propagates in flat extra dimensions. At LHC energies,
however, incalculable quantum-gravity contributions may significantly affect
the experimental signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148270 </DOCNO>
Boson-Fermion Confusion: The String Path To Supersymmetry


  Reminiscences on the String origins of Supersymmetry are followed by a
discussion of the importance of confusing bosons with fermions in building
superstring theories in 9+1 dimensions. In eleven dimensions, the kinship
between bosons and fermions is more subtle, and may involve the exceptional
group $F_4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1535 </DOCNO>
Zigzag Filamentary Theory of Broken Symmetry of Neutron and Infrared


  Filamentary high-temperature superconductivity (HTSC) theory differs
fundamentally from continuous HTSC theories because it emphasizes
self-organized, discrete dopant networks and does not make the effective medium
approximation (EMA). Analysis of neutron and infrared (especially with c-axis
polarization) vibrational spectra, primarily for YBa2Cu3O(6+x), within the
filamentary framework, shows that the observed vibronic anomalies near 400 cm-1
(50 meV) are associated with curvilinear filamentary paths. these paths pass
through cuprate chains and planes, as well as resonant tunneling centers in the
BaO layers. The analysis and the data confirm earlier filamentary structural
models containing ferroelastic domains of 3-4 nm in the CuO2 planes; it is
these nanodomains that are responsible for the discrete glassy nature of both
electronic and vibronic properties. Chemical trends in vibronic energies and
oscillator strengths, both for neutron and photon scattering, that were
anomalous in continuum models, are readily explained by the filamentary model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149046 </DOCNO>
Quantum superfield supersymmetry


  Superfield approach in supersymmetric quantum field theory is described. Many
examples of its applications to different superfield models are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3180 </DOCNO>
Nesting properties and anomalous band effect in MgB2


  First principle FLAPW band calculations of the new superconductor MgB2 were
performed and the polarization function P12(Q) between the two p-bands mainly
formed of boron pz-orbital was calculated. We found that P12(Q) is
substantially enhanced around Q=(0,0,p/c), which supports the two-band
mechanism of superconductivity for MgB2. P12(Q) peaks at Qz ~ 0.3(2p/c) and Qz
\~ 0.5(2p/c). These two peaks are related to the nesting of these Fermi
surfaces, but significantly deviates from the position expected from the
simplest tight-binding bands for the p-bands. From the calculations for
different lattice parameters, we have found significant dependences on the
isotopic species of B and on the pressure effect of the polarization function
in accordance with the respective changes of Tc in the above-mentioned
framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124355 </DOCNO>
Explosive nucleosynthesis


  Many radioactive nuclei relevant for gamma-ray astrophysics are synthesized
during explosive events, such as classical novae and supernovae. A review of
recent results of explosive nucleosynthesis in these scenarios is presented,
with a special emphasis on the ensuing gamma-ray emission from individual nova
and supernova explosions. The influence of the dynamic properties of the ejecta
on the gamma-ray emission features, as well as the still remaining
uncertainties in nova and supernova models is also reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129071 </DOCNO>
An SDSS Survey For Resolved Milky Way Satellite Galaxies I: Detection


  We present the detection limits of a new survey for resolved low surface
brightness satellite galaxies to the Milky Way, based on the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey (SDSS). Our survey exploits SDSS's major strengths (multi-color
photometry, depth, large-scale, and uniformity) by combining filter smoothing
with limits in both magnitude and color space to search for low surface
brightness galaxies and stellar counterparts to the Compact High Velocity
Clouds out to the Milky Way's virial radius (350 kpc). Our calculated detection
limits for a purely old stellar population vary with galaxy size and distance
between mu_{V,0} = 26.7 and 30.1 mag/sq ''. These limits will allow us to
detect systems whose surface brightnesses are .5-3.9 mag/sq '' fainter than
Sextans, the lowest surface brightness Local Group member known. Our survey not
only is sensitive to lower surface brightness stellar populations than possible
with previous Local Group surveys, but will also allow us to make an unbiased
and well defined assessment of the completeness of the observed Local Group
galaxy luminosity function, so that we may compare the results with the
predictions of various structure formation scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149388 </DOCNO>
Schwinger model on a half-line


  We study the Schwinger model on a half-line in this paper. In particular, we
investigate the behavior of the chiral condensate near the edge of the line.
The effect of the chosen boundary condition is emphasized. The extension to the
finite temperature case is straightforward in our approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41096 </DOCNO>
Study of the decay $D^0 \to K^- K^- K^+ \pi^+$


  Using data from the E791 fixed-target hadroproduction experiment at Fermilab
we have studied the Cabibbo-favored but phase-space suppressed decay, $D^0 \to
K^- K^- K^+ \pi^+$. We find the decay rate for this mode to be $(0.54 \pm 0.16
\pm 0.08) \times 10^{-2}$ times that for the normalization mode $D^0 \to K^-
\pi^- \pi^+ \pi^+$. We observe a clear signal for $D^0 \to \phi K^- \pi^+$
which is consistent with producing $0.7 \pm 0.3$ of the $D^0 \to K^- K^- K^+
\pi^+$ signal. In the context of simple models, we use our measurements to
estimate the importance of decay amplitudes that produce extra quark-antiquark
pairs from the vacuum relative to those that do not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168862 </DOCNO>
Quantum walks in higher dimensions


  We analyze the quantum walk in higher spatial dimensions and compare
classical and quantum spreading as a function of time. Tensor products of
Hadamard transformations and the discrete Fourier transform arise as natural
extensions of the quantum coin toss in the one-dimensional walk simulation, and
other illustrative transformations are also investigated. We find that
entanglement between the dimensions serves to reduce the rate of spread of the
quantum walk. The classical limit is obtained by introducing a random phase
variable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4380 </DOCNO>
On the way to a Gutzwiller density functional theory


  Multi-band Gutzwiller-correlated wave functions reconcile the contrasting
concepts of itinerant band electrons versus electrons localized in partially
filled atomic shells. The exact evaluation of these variational ground states
in the limit of large coordination number allows the identification of
quasi-particle band structures, and the calculation of a variational spinwave
dispersion. The study of a generic two-band model elucidates the co-operation
of the Coulomb repulsion and the Hund's-rule exchange for itinerant
ferromagnetism. We present results of calculations for ferromagnetic nickel,
using a realistic 18 spin-orbital basis of $4s$, $4p$ and $3d$ valence
electrons. The quasi-particle energy bands agree much better with the
photo-emission and Fermi surface data than the band structure obtained from
spin-density functional theory (SDFT).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77106 </DOCNO>
Triple Neutral Gauge Boson Couplings in Noncommutative Standard Model


  It has been shown recently that the triple neutral gauge boson couplings are
not uniquely determined in noncommutative extension of the Standard Model
(NCSM). Depending on specific schemes used, the couplings are different and may
even be zero. To distinguish different realizations of the NCSM, additional
information either from theoretical or experimental considerations is needed.
In this paper we show that these couplings can be uniquely determined from
considerations of unification of electroweak and strong interactions. Using
SU(5) as the underlying theory and integrating out the heavy degrees of
freedom, we obtain unique non-zero new triple $\gamma\gamma\gamma$, $\gamma
\gamma Z$, $\gamma ZZ$, $ZZZ$, $\gamma GG$, $ZGG$ and $GGG$ couplings at the
leading order in the NCSM. We also briefly discuss experimental implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95548 </DOCNO>
A Bernstein theorem for special Lagrangian graphs


  We obtain a Bernstein theorem for special Lagrangian graphs in n-dimensional
complex space for arbitrary n only assuming bounded slope, but no quantitative
restriction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174854 </DOCNO>
Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles from Au+Au collisions


  We present charged particle densities as a function of pseudorapidity and
collision centrality for the 197Au+197Au reaction at Sqrt{s_NN}=200 GeV. For
the 5% most central events we obtain dN_ch/deta(eta=0) = 625 +/- 55 and
N_ch(-4.7<= eta <= 4.7) = 4630+-370, i.e. 14% and 21% increases, respectively,
relative to Sqrt{s_NN}=130 GeV collisions. Charged-particle production per pair
of participant nucleons is found to increase from peripheral to central
collisions around mid-rapidity. These results constrain current models of
particle production at the highest RHIC energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129644 </DOCNO>
Modeling Non-Confined Coronal Flares: Dynamics and X-Ray Diagnostics


  Long-lasting, intense, stellar X-ray flares may approach conditions of
breaking magnetic confinement and evolving in open space. We explore this
hypothesis with hydrodynamic simulations of flares occurring in a non-confined
corona: model flares are triggered by a transient impulsive heating injected in
a plane-parallel stratified corona. The plasma evolution is described by means
of a numerical 2-D model in cylindrical geometry R,Z. We explore the space of
fundamental parameters. As a reference model, we consider a flare triggered by
a heating pulse that would cause a 20 MK flare if delivered in a 40000 km long
closed loop. The modeled plasma evolution is described. The X-ray emission,
spectra and light curves at the ASCA/SIS focal plan, and in two intense X-ray
lines (Mg XI at 9.169 A and Fe XXI at 128.752 A), have been synthesized from
the models. The results are discussed and compared to features of confined
events, and scaling laws are derived. The light curves invariably show a very
rapid rise, a constant phase as long as the constant heating is on, and then a
very fast decay, on time scales of few seconds, followed by a more gradual one
(few minutes). We show that this evolution of the emission, and especially the
fast decay, together with other potentially observable effects, are intrinsic
to the assumption of non-confinement. Their lack indicates that observed
long-lasting stellar X-ray flares should involve plasma strongly confined by
magnetic fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97414 </DOCNO>
Geometry of the moduli space of Higgs bundles


  This thesis contains work which appeared in several papers. Additionally to
the results in the papers it contains a detailed introduction and some further
proofs and remarks. The dissertation gives a description of the topology and
symplectic and algebraic geometry of Hitchin's hyperkaehler moduli space M of
rank 2 Higgs bundles with fixed determinant of odd degree over a fixed Riemann
surface. After the long introduction it describes a compactification of M in
great detail, using symplectic cutting (math.AG/9804083). Examining the
downward Morse flow of a natural circle action on M it shows the vanishing of
intersection numbers (math.AG/9805071). Examining the upward Morse flow it
explains a set of generators of the cohomology ring and a conjectured explicit
description of the cohomology ring (which was proven in math.AG/0003094). Then
finally it introduces the resolution tower for M, and shows that its direct
limit is homotopically equivalent with the classifying space of the gauge
group. In turn it yields another proof of the generation theorem (as in
math.AG/0003093) and also yields a purely algebraic geometric proof of the
Mumford conjecture about the cohomology ring of the moduli space of rank 2
stable bundles on curves. It finishes by proving homotopy stabilizations in the
resolution tower analogously to the Atiyah-Jones conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99033 </DOCNO>
On Waring's problem for several homogeneous forms


  We reconsider the classical problem of representing a finite number of forms
of degree d in n+1 variables as sums of powers of linear forms. We define a
geometric construct called a `grove', which, in a number of cases allows us to
determine the dimension of the space of forms which can be so represented. We
also present two new `exceptional' examples, where this dimension is less than
what a naive parameter count would predict.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1148 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic properties of turbulent magnetohydrodynamics


  The dynamic renormalization group (RG) is used to study the large-distance
and long-time limits of viscous and resistive incompressible
magnetohydrodynamics subject to random forces and currents. The scale-dependent
viscosity and magnetic resistivity are derived and used for carrying out
RG-improved perturbation theory. This is applied to derive both the asymptotic
scaling and the overall proportionality coefficients for both the velocity and
magnetic field correlation functions as well as the kinetic and magnetic energy
density spectral functions. The Kolmogorov, Iroshnikov-Kraichnan, as well as
other energy spectra, formally can be obtained by suitable choice of injected
noise, although the method limits the validity of these energy spectra only to
the asymptotic regime . Injection of a random magnetic helicity is considered,
its RG-improved spectral density derived, and its contribution to the velocity
and magnetic field correlation functions determined. The RG scaling solutions
are used to determine information at asymptotic scales about energy and
helicity cascade directions and mixing between magnetic and kinetic energy.
Some of the results found here also are shown to be valid for the Navier-Stokes
hydrodynamic equation. The results have applicability to geomagnetism as well
as cosmic magnetic fields at astrophysical and cosmological scales.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75694 </DOCNO>
HTL quasiparticle picture of the thermodynamics of QCD


  Starting from a nonperturbative expression for entropy and density obtained
from $\Phi$-derivable two-loop approximations to the thermodynamic potential, a
quasiparticle model for the thermodynamics of QCD can be developed which
incorporates the physics of hard thermal loops and leads to a reorganization of
the otherwise ill-behaved thermal perturbation theory through order
$\alpha_s^{3/2}$. Some details of this reorganization are discussed and the
differences to simpler quasiparticle models highlighted. A comparison with
available lattice data shows remarkable agreement down to temperatures of $\sim
2.5 T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41554 </DOCNO>
The theory of the scattering-induced feeding-in in bent crystals


  An analytical theory for the efficiency of scattering-induced transitions
from a random to a channeled state (feed-in) in bent crystals is derived. The
predictions from the theory are in good agreement with experiment and Monte
Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41850 </DOCNO>
Discovering New Physics in the Decays of Black Holes


  If the scale of quantum gravity is near a TeV, the LHC will be producing one
black hole (BH) about every second, thus qualifying as a BH factory. With the
Hawking temperature of a few hundred GeV, these rapidly evaporating BHs may
produce new, undiscovered particles with masses ~100 GeV. The probability of
producing a heavy particle in the decay depends on its mass only weakly, in
contrast with the exponentially suppressed direct production. Furthemore, BH
decays with at least one prompt charged lepton or photon correspond to the
final states with low background. Using the Higgs boson as an example, we show
that it may be found at the LHC on the first day of its operation, even with
incomplete detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 409 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear reactive systems viewed as Boolean dynamical systems


  We present a stochastic, time-discrete boolean model which mimics the
mesoscopic dynamics of the desorption reactions $A+A\to A+S$ and $A+A\to S+S$
in a 1D lattice. In the continuous-time limit, we derive a hierarchy of
dynamical equations for the subset of moments involving contiguous lattice
sites. The solution of the hierarchy allows to compute the exact dynamics of
the mean coverage for both microscopic and coarse-grained initial conditions,
which turn out to be different from the mean field predictions. The evolution
equations for the mean coverage and the second order moments are shown to be
equivalent to those provided by a time-continuous Master equation. The
important role of higher order fluctuations is brought out by the failure of a
truncation scheme retaining only two-particle fluctuation correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126654 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Circumstellar Disks around Young Brown Dwarfs in the


  We report the results of deep infrared observations of brown dwarf candidates
in the Trapezium cluster in Orion. Analysis of the JHK color-color diagram
indicates that a large fraction (approx 65% +/- 15%) of the observed sources
exhibit infrared excess emission. This suggests the extreme youth of these
objects and in turn, provides strong independent confirmation of the existence
of a large population of substellar objects in the cluster. Moreover, this
suggests that the majority of these substellar objects are presently surrounded
by circumstellar disks similar to the situation for the stellar population of
the cluster. This evidence for a high initial disk frequency (> 50%) around
cluster members of all masses combined with the smooth continuity of the
cluster's initial mass function across the hydrogen burning limit suggests that
a single physical mechanism is likely responsible for producing the entire
cluster mass spectrum down to near the deuterium burning limit. The results may
also indicate that even substellar objects are capable of forming with systems
of planetary companions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 836 </DOCNO>
Latent Heat Calculation of the 3D q=3, 4, and 5 Potts models by Tensor


  Three-dimensional (3D) $q$-state Potts models ($q$=3, 4, and 5) are studied
by the tensor product variational approach (TPVA), which is a recently
developed variational method for 3D classical lattice models. The variational
state is given by a two-dimensional (2D) product of local factors, and is
improved by way of self-consistent calculations assisted by the corner transfer
matrix renormalization group (CTMRG). It should be noted that no a priori
condition is imposed for the local factor. Transition temperatures and latent
heats are calculated from the observations of thermodynamic functions in both
ordered and disordered phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6863 </DOCNO>
New mechanism of first order magnetization process in many-sublattice


  First-order field-induced spin reorientation transitions in many-sublattice
intemetallic compounds are considered within a microscopic model, the exchange
interaction both between the rare-earth (RE) and transition metal (TM)
sublattices and within the RE sublattice playing an important role. Unlike
previous works, only leading-order anisotropy constants of the sublattices are
included. The first-order transition is connected with existence of local
minima of total energy. One of the minima corresponds to the non-collinear
magnetic structure where the RE subsystem is divided into two sublattices, and
their moments deviate in opposite directions from the TM moment direction. The
experimental data on R$_2$Fe$_{17}$, RFe$_{11}$Ti, TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ and
R$_2$Fe$_{14}$B are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83542 </DOCNO>
Optimal Constructions of Hybrid Algorithms


  We study on-line strategies for solving problems with hybrid algorithms.
There is a problem Q and w basic algorithms for solving Q. For some lambda <=
w, we have a computer with lambda disjoint memory areas, each of which can be
used to run a basic algorithm and store its intermediate results. In the worst
case, only one basic algorithm can solve Q in finite time, and all the other
basic algorithms run forever without solving Q. To solve Q with a hybrid
algorithm constructed from the basic algorithms, we run a basic algorithm for
some time, then switch to another, and continue this process until Q is solved.
The goal is to solve Q in the least amount of time. Using competitive ratios to
measure the efficiency of a hybrid algorithm, we construct an optimal
deterministic hybrid algorithm and an efficient randomized hybrid algorithm.
This resolves an open question on searching with multiple robots posed by
Baeza-Yates, Culberson and Rawlins. We also prove that our randomized algorithm
is optimal for lambda = 1, settling a conjecture of Kao, Reif and Tate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1709 </DOCNO>
A novel method of self interaction corrections in density functional


  It is demonstrated that the commonly applied self interaction correction
(SIC) used in density functional theory does not remove all self interaction.
We present as an alternative a novel method which, by construction, is totally
free from self interaction. The method has the correct asymptotic 1/r
dependence. We apply the new theory to localized $f$-electrons in praseodymium
and compare with the old version of SIC, the local density approximation (LDA)
and with an atomic Hartree-Fock calculation. The results show a lowering of the
$f$ level, a contraction of the $f$ electron cloud and a lowering of the total
energy by 13 eV per 4\f electron compared to LDA. The equilibrium volume of the
new SIC method is close to the ones given by LDA and the older SIC method, and
is in good agreement with experiment. The experimental cohesive energy is in
better agreement using the new SIC method, both compared to LDA and another SIC
method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124255 </DOCNO>
H3+ Between the Stars


  The presence of H3+ in the interstellar medium was forecast almost four
decades ago. Almost three decades ago it was asserted that its reactions with
neutral molecular and atomic species directly lead to the production of many of
the interstellar molecules that have been discovered by radio and infrared
astronomers. With the recent detection of H3+ in interstellar space,
astronomers finally have direct confirmation of H3+ as the foundation of
ion-molecule interstellar chemistry. Although many questions remain to be
answered, it is clear that H3+is a unique tool for understanding the properties
of interstellar clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83769 </DOCNO>
The Cactus Worm: Experiments with Dynamic Resource Discovery and


  The ability to harness heterogeneous, dynamically available "Grid" resources
is attractive to typically resource-starved computational scientists and
engineers, as in principle it can increase, by significant factors, the number
of cycles that can be delivered to applications. However, new adaptive
application structures and dynamic runtime system mechanisms are required if we
are to operate effectively in Grid environments. In order to explore some of
these issues in a practical setting, we are developing an experimental
framework, called Cactus, that incorporates both adaptive application
structures for dealing with changing resource characteristics and adaptive
resource selection mechanisms that allow applications to change their resource
allocations (e.g., via migration) when performance falls outside specified
limits. We describe here the adaptive resource selection mechanisms and
describe how they are used to achieve automatic application migration to
"better" resources following performance degradation. Our results provide
insights into the architectural structures required to support adaptive
resource selection. In addition, we suggest that this "Cactus Worm" is an
interesting challenge problem for Grid computing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129174 </DOCNO>
Large Scale Structure at z=1.2 Outlined by MgII Absorbers


  The largest known structure in the high redshift universe is mapped by at
least 18 quasars and spans ~5 deg x 2.5 deg on the sky, with a quasar spatial
overdensity of 6-10 times above the mean. This large quasar group (LQG)
provides an extraordinary laboratory ~100 x 200 x 200 h^-3 comoving Mpc^3 in
size (q0=0.5, Lambda=0, H0=100h km/s/Mpc) covering 1.20< z <1.39 in redshift.
One approach to establishing how LQGs relate to mass (galaxy) enhancements is
to probe their gas content and distribution via background quasars. We have
found the LQG to be associated with 11 MgII absorption systems, an overdensity
of ~3 at 3-5 sigma significance, which appear to form a structure. The minimal
spanning tree test also supports the existence of a structure of MgII absorbers
coincident with the LQG, and additionally indicates a foreground structure
populated by MgII absorbers and quasars at z~0.8. Finally, we find a tendency
for MgII absorbers in general to correlate with field quasars (i.e. quasars
both inside and outside of the LQG) at a projected scale length on the sky of
9/h Mpc and a velocity difference |Delta v|=3000 to 4500 km/s. While the
correlation is on a scale consistent with observed galaxy-AGN distributions,
the nonzero velocity offset could be due to the "periphery effect", in which
quasars tend to populate the outskirts of clusters of galaxies and metal
absorption systems, or to peculiar velocity effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128219 </DOCNO>
The MEGA Advanced Compton Telescope Project


  The goal of the Medium Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy (MEGA) telescope is to
improve sensitivity at medium gamma-ray energies (0.4-50 MeV) by at least an
order of magnitude over that of COMPTEL. This will be achieved with a new
compact design that allows for a very wide field of view, permitting a
sensitive all-sky survey and the monitoring of transient and variable sources.
The key science objectives for MEGA include the investigation of cosmic
high-energy particle accelerators, studies of nucleosynthesis sites using
gamma-ray lines, and determination of the large-scale structure of galactic and
cosmic diffuse background emission. MEGA records and images gamma-ray events by
completely tracking both Compton and pair creation interactions in a tracker of
double-sided silicon strip detectors and a calorimeter of CsI crystals able to
resolve in three dimensions. We present initial laboratory calibration results
from a small prototype MEGA telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3169 </DOCNO>
On planar fermions with quartic interaction at finite temperature and


  We study the breaking of parity symmetry in the 2+1 Gross-Neveu model at
finite temperature with chemical potential $\mu$, in the presence of an
external magnetic field. We find that the requirement of gauge invariance,
which is considered mandatory in the presence of gauge fields, breaks parity at
any finite temperature and provides for dynamical mass generation, preventing
symmetry restoration for any non-vanishing $\mu$. The dynamical mass becomes
negligibly small as temperature is raised. We comment on the relevance of our
observation for the gap generation of nodal quasi-particles in the pseudo-gap
phase of high $T_c$ superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41506 </DOCNO>
Determination of the strangeness content of light-flavour isoscalars


  A new phenomenological approach is suggested for determining the strangeness
content of light-flavour isoscalars. This approach is based on phenomenological
laws of hadron production related to the spin, isospin, strangeness content and
mass of the particles. From the total production rates per hadronic Z decay of
all light-flavour hadrons, measured so far at LEP, the values of the
nonstrange-strange mixing angles are found to be |\phi_P| = 42.3^{\circ} \pm
3.5^{\circ}, |\phi_V| = 10^{\circ} \pm 8^{\circ}, |\phi_T| = 16^{\circ} \pm
11^{\circ} and |\phi_S| = 13^{\circ} \pm 9^{\circ}. Our results on the
\eta-\eta^{\prime}, \omega-\phi and f_2-f_2^{\prime} isoscalar mixing are
consistent with the present experimental evidence. The strangeness content
obtained for the f_0(980) scalar/isoscalar is not consistent with the values
supported by recent model studies and is discussed further in the framework of
our approach and the K-matrix analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123848 </DOCNO>
Primordial Black Holes and Hot Matter


  Microscopic black holes explode with their temperature varying inversely as
their mass. Such explosions would lead to the highest temperatures in the
present universe, all the way to the Planck energy. The possibility that a
quasi-stationary shell of hot matter surrounds these black holes has recently
been proposed and studied with relativistic Boltzmann transport equations and
with relativistic viscous fluid dynamics. For example, a black hole with a mass
of 10$^{10}$ g has a Hawking temperature of 1 TeV, a Schwarszchild radius of
1.6$\times10^{-5}$ fm, a luminosity of 7$\times10^{27}$ erg/s, and has less
than 8 minutes to live. It is an outstanding theoretical challenge to describe
the conditions exterior to such microscopic black holes and a great challenge
to finally detect them in the new millennium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1065 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic decoherence in Aharonov-Bohm rings


  We study electron decoherence by measuring the temperature dependence of
Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations in quasi-1D rings, etched in a high-mobility
GaAs/GaAlAs heterostructure. The oscillation amplitude is influenced both by
phase-breaking and by thermal averaging. Thermal averaging is important when
the temperature approaches the energy scale, on which the AB oscillations shift
their phase. For the phase-breaking, it is demonstrated that the damping of the
oscillation amplitude is proportional to the length of the interfering paths.
For temperatures $T$ from 0.3 to 4 $\rm K$ we find the phase coherence length
$\it L_{\phi}$ $\propto$ $T^{-1}$, close to what has been reported for open
quantum dots. This might indicate that the $T^{-1}$ decoherence rate is a
general property of open and ballistic mesoscopic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7460 </DOCNO>
Exact One-Loop Thermal Free Energies of Solitons


  I show how to compute the exact one-loop thermal correction to the free
energy of a soliton. The method uses the effective potential as an auxiliary
step to ensure that the soliton is quantized around the appropriate vacuum. The
exact result is then computed using scattering theory techniques, and includes
all orders in the derivative expansion. It can be efficiently combined with a
calculation of the exact quantum correction to yield the full free energy to
one loop. I demonstrate this technique with explicit computations in $\phi^4$
models, obtaining the free energy for a kink in 1+1 dimensions and a domain
wall in 2+1 dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148576 </DOCNO>
Orientifold, Geometric Transition and Large N Duality for SO/Sp Gauge


  We extend the large N duality of four dimensional N=1 supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory with additional chiral fields and arbitrary superpotential
recently proposed by Cachazo, Intriligator and Vafa to the case of SO/Sp gauge
groups. By orientifolding the geometric transition, we investigate a large N
duality between N=1, SO/Sp supersymmetric theories with arbitrary
superpotential and an Abelian N=2 theory with supersymmetry broken to N=1 by
electric and magnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75484 </DOCNO>
Recent Status of Neutrino Oscillation Study


  I review briefly the recent status of research on neutrino oscillations, such
as three and four flavor analysis of atmospheric neutrinos and solar neutrinos,
and prospects of present and future long baseline experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6535 </DOCNO>
Expansion of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in an atomic waveguide


  The expansion of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an atomic waveguide is
analyzed. We study different regimes of expansion, and identify a transient
regime between one-dimensional and three-dimensional dynamics, in which the
properties of the condensate and its further expansion can be well explained by
reducing the transversal dynamics to a two-level system. The relevance of this
regime in current experiments is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149816 </DOCNO>
Towards testing the Maldacena Conjecture with SDLCQ


  We consider the Maldacena conjecture applied to the near horizon geometry of
a D1-brane in the supergravity approximation and present numerical results of a
test of the conjecture against the boundary field theory calculation using
supersymmetric discrete light-cone quantization (SDLCQ). We present numerical
results with approximately 1000 times as many states as we previously
considered. These results support the Maldacena conjecture and are within
10-15% of the predicted numerical results in some regions. Our results are
still not sufficient to demonstrate convergence, and, therefore, cannot be
considered to a numerical proof of the conjecture. We present a method for
using a ``flavor'' symmetry to greatly reduce the size of the basis and discuss
a numerical method that we use which is particularly well suited for this type
of matrix element calculation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2967 </DOCNO>
Energy Transfer Efficiency Distributions in Polymers in Solution During


  Distribution of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency
between the two ends of a Lennard-Jones polymer chain both at equilibrium and
during folding and unfolding has been calculated, for the first time, by
Brownian dynamics simulations. The distribution of FRET efficiency becomes {\bf
bimodal} during folding of the extended state subsequent to a temperature
quench, with the width of the distribution for the extended state broader than
that for the folded state. The reverse process of unfolding subsequent to a
upward temperature jump shows different characteristics. The distributions show
significant viscosity dependence which can be tested against experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73116 </DOCNO>
Small Second Acoustic Peak from Interacting Cold Dark Matter?


  We consider a possibility to explain the observed suppression of the second
acoustic peak in the anisotropy spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background
(CMB) by interaction between a fraction of non-baryonic Cold Dark Matter (CDM)
and normal baryonic matter. This scenario does not require any modifications in
the standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). We estimate the required values of
the cross-section-to-mass ratio for elastic scattering of CDM particles off
baryons. In case of velocity-independent elastic scattering (in the velocity
interval 10^{-5}--10^{-3}) we find that such particles do not contradict
observational limits if they are heavier than \sim 10^5 GeV or lighter than
\sim 0.5 GeV. Another candidate, which may appear in the models with infinite
extra dimensions, is a quasistable charged particle decaying through tunneling
into extra dimensions. Finally a millicharged particle with the electric charge
ranging from \sim 10^{-4} to \sim 10^{-1} and with mass M\sim 0.1 GeV--1 TeV
also may be responsible for the suppression of the second acoustic peak. As a
byproduct we point out that CMB measurements set new limits on the allowed
parameter space for the millicharged particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4002 </DOCNO>
Correlations in the Sine-Gordon Model with Finite Soliton Density


  We study the sine-Gordon (SG) model at finite densities of the topological
charge and small SG interaction constant. Using the modified WKB approach, we
find that the spectrum of the Gaussian fluctuations around the classical
solution reproduces the results of the Bethe ansatz studies. The modification
of the collective coordinate method allows us to write down the action, free
from infra-red divergencies. The behavior of the density-type correlation
functions is non-trivial and we demostrate the existence of leading and
sub-leading asymptotes. A consistent definition of the charge-raising operator
is discussed. The superconducting-type correlations are shown to decrease
slowly at small soliton densities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75975 </DOCNO>
QCD string model for hybrid adiabatic potentials


  Hybrid adiabatic potentials are considered in the framework of the QCD string
model. The einbein field formalism is applied to obtain the large-distance
behaviour of adiabatic potentials. The calculated excitation curves are shown
to be the result of interplay between potential-type longitudinal and
string-type transverse vibrations. The results are compared with recent lattice
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76926 </DOCNO>
Intersecting Brane Worlds on Tori and Orbifolds


  We review the construction and phenomenology of intersecting brane worlds.
The breaking of chiral and supersymmetry together with a reduction of gauge
symmetry by introducing D-branes at generic angles into type I or type II
string compactifications is taken as a starting point for the engineering of
phenomenologically appealing four-dimensional vacua. Examples that come very
close to Standard Model and GUT physics are considered and issues like the
cancellation of anomalies and the emergence of global symmetries studied in
some detail. Concerning the gravitational backreaction, the perturbative
potential generated at the disc level is shown to lead to a run-away
instability of geometric moduli within the purely toroidal compactifications.
It can at least partly be avoided in certain orbifold vacua, where the relevant
moduli are frozen. These more restricted models still possess sufficient
freedom to find semi-realistic brane world orbifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73783 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Relations Among Electromagnetic Dipole Operators


  Supersymmetric contributions to all leptonic electromagnetic dipole operators
have essentially identical diagramatic structure. With approximate slepton
universality this allows the muon anomalous magnetic moment to be related to
the electron electric dipole moment in terms of supersymmetric phases, and to
radiative flavor changing lepton decays in terms of small violations of slepton
universality. If the current discrepancy between the measured and Standard
Model values of the muon anomalous magnetic moment is due to supersymmetry, the
current bound on the electron electric dipole moment then implies that the
phase of the electric dipole operator is less than $2 \times 10^{-3}$. Likewise
the current bound on $\mu \to e \gamma$ decay implies that the fractional
selectron-smuon mixing in the left-left mass squared matrix, $\delta m_{\smuon
\selectron}^2 / m_{\slepton}^2$, is less than $10^{-4}$. These relations and
constraints are fairly insensitive to details of the superpartner spectrum for
moderate to large $\tan \beta$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86368 </DOCNO>
A Possible Solution to the Cosmological Constant Problem By Discrete


  The cosmological constant problem is explained by a theory based on the
discrete space-time hypothesis. The calculated cosmological constant value is
of the order of 10^-52[m]^-2 or equivalent to about 0.7 of the critical mass
density. It is in excellent agreement with Type Ia SN observational data and
recent results of BOOMERANG and MAXIMA. Our theory also implies that the
quantization of the space-time metric is not necessary since it is not a
fundamental field. The divergence problem of quantum gravity is then of no
interest. Cosmic inflation is given out as a consequence of the theory and the
universe is found to be alternatively dominated by the cosmological constant
and the mass density at different cosmic time period. Our calculation also
shows that the mass energy density is of similar order of magnitude as the
vacuum energy density in the present universe but it is just a coincidence.
This result supports the anthropic principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81049 </DOCNO>
Structure and Representation Theory for Double Group of Four-Dimensional


  Hypercubic groups in any dimension are defined and their conjugate
classifications and representation theories are derived. Double group and
spinor representation are introduced. A detailed calculation is carried out on
the structures of four-dimensional cubic group $O_4$ and its double group, as
well as all inequivalent single-valued representations and spinor
representations of $O_4$. All representations are derived adopting Clifford
theory of decomposition of induced representations. Based on these results,
single-valued and spinor representations of the orientation-preserved subgroup
of $O_4$ are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129060 </DOCNO>
Cluster of Gamma-ray Bursts - Image of a Source. Catalog of Clusters


  The clusters of gamma-ray bursts are considered which are assumed to be
images of the repeated gamma-ray burst (GRB) sources. It is shown, that
localization of the cosmic gamma-ray burst sources (GBS) is determined by the
clusters of GRBs. About 100 candidates in sources are presented in the form of
the catalog, which is compiled relying on the base of the BATSE data up to
middle of 2000. Gamma-ray bursts (from 5 to 13) of a cluster that display a
source do not coincide in their position. The catalog table containing basic
information about the GRB sources yields the possibility to research the GBS
properties and their identification. The birth of GRBs in the clusters allows
predicting the appearance of GRBs both in time and space. Most general
properties of the supposed GRB sources are discussed. An attempt to compile the
first GRB source catalog is made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124725 </DOCNO>
A search for distant radio-loud quasars in the CLASS survey: three new


  We report on the search for distant radio-loud quasars in the Cosmic Lens All
Sky Survey (CLASS) of flat spectrum radio sources with S_5GHz>30 mJy.
Unresolved optical counterparts were selected from APM scans of POSS-I plates,
with e<19.0 and red o-e>2.0 colours, in an effective area of ~6400 deg^2. Four
sources were found to be quasars with z>4, of which one was previously known.
This sample bridges the gap between the strong radio surveys with S_5GHz>200
mJy and the samples of radio-weak quasars that can be generated via radio
observations of optically selected quasars.
 In addition, 4 new quasars at z>3 have been found. The selection criteria
result in a success-rate of ~1:7 for radio-loud quasars at z>4, which is a
significant improvement over previous studies. This search yields a surface
density of 1 per 1600 deg^2, which is about a factor of ~15 lower than that
found in a similar search for radio-quiet quasars at z>4. The study presented
here is strongly biased against quasars beyond z>4.5, since the e-passband of
the POSS-I only samples the spectra shortward of 1200 Angstrom at these
redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41530 </DOCNO>
Neutrino Spectrum at the Far Detector


  Neutrino oscillation experiments often employ two identical detectors to
minimize errors due to inadequately known neutrino beam. We examine various
systematics effects related to the prediction of the neutrino spectrum in the
`far' detector on the basis of the spectrum observed at the `near' detector. We
propose a novel method of the derivation of the far detector spectrum. This
method is less sensitive to the details of the understanding of the neutrino
beam line and the hadron production spectra than the usually used `double
ratio' method thus allowing to reduce the systematic errors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6675 </DOCNO>
Critical resonance in the non-intersecting lattice path model


  We study the phase transition in the honeycomb dimer model (equivalently,
monotone non-intersecting lattice path model). At the critical point the system
has a strong long-range dependence; in particular, periodic boundary conditions
give rise to a ``resonance'' phenomenon, where the partition function and other
properties of the system depend sensitively on the shape of the domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5606 </DOCNO>
On the derivation of a high-velocity tail from the Boltzmann equation


  Uniform shear flow is a paradigmatic example of a nonequilibrium state of a
fluid exhibiting non-Newtonian behavior. It is characterized by uniform density
and temperature and a linear velocity profile $U_x(y)=a y$, where $a$ is the
constant shear rate. In the case of a rarefied gas, all the relevant physical
information is represented by the one-particle velocity distribution function
$f(y, v)=f(V)$, with $V=v- U$, which satisfies the standard nonlinear
integro-differential Boltzmann equation. We have studied this state for a
two-dimensional gas of Maxwell molecules with grazing collisions in which the
nonlinear Boltzmann collision operator reduces to a Fokker-Planck operator. We
have found analytically that for shear rates larger than a certain threshold
value the velocity distribution function exhibits a high-velocity tail of the
form $f(V;a)\sim |V|^{-4-\sigma(a)}\Phi(\phi; a)$, where $\phi= \tan V_y/V_x$
and the angular distribution function $\Phi(\phi; a)$ is the solution of a
modified Mathieu equation. The enforcement of the periodicity condition
$\Phi(\phi; a)=\Phi(\phi+\pi; a)$ allows one to obtain the exponent $\sigma(a)$
as a function of the shear rate. As a consequence of this power-law decay, all
the velocity moments of a degree equal to or larger than $2+\sigma(a)$ are
divergent. In the high-velocity domain the velocity distribution is highly
anisotropic, with the angular distribution sharply concentrated around a
preferred orientation angle which rotates counterclock-wise as the shear rate
increases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148857 </DOCNO>
Discrete moduli for Type I compactifications


  We study type I compactification on a 4-torus, with a non-trivial discrete
background RR 4-form field. By using string dualities and recent insights for
gauge theories on tori, we find that a non-trivial background for the RR 4-form
is correlated with Spin(32)/Z_2 bundles that are described by a ``non-trivial
quadruple'' of holonomies. We also briefly discuss other discrete moduli for
the type I string, and variants of orientifold planes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149150 </DOCNO>
Localization of Bulk Form Fields on Dilatonic Domain Walls


  We study the localization properties of bulk form potentials on dilatonic
domain walls. We find that bulk form potentials of any ranks can be localized
as form potentials of the same ranks or one lower ranks, for any values of the
dilaton coupling parameter. For large enough values of the dilaton coupling
parameter, bulk form potentials of any ranks can be localized as form
potentials of both the same ranks and one lower ranks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3363 </DOCNO>
Dynamic structure of He-Ne mixtures by MD simulation: from hydrodynamic


  Molecular dynamics results for the dynamic structure of a He0.77Ne0.23 gas
mixture at two densities (15.8 nm-3 and 36.1 nm-3) are presented. A clear
description of the crossover from hydrodynamic modes to distinct excitations
for the two species is obtained. The higher density data neatly show high- and
low-frequency branches setting on in the dispersion curve, with a rather
localized transition. The lower density results remarkably agree with existing
neutron scattering data and, differently from previous simulation studies,
display hydrodynamic behavior up to k = 2 nm-1. A smooth transition to fast
sound is shown to take place for 2 < k / nm-1 < 5, where the present MD data
fill the existing gap in the experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6896 </DOCNO>
Glass Transition and Deformation in Rubber


  The glass to rubber transition in vulcanized polyisoprene was studied with
the strain as a controlling parameter. A phenomenological model is proposed
taking the history of the temperature and the strain into account, by which the
experimental results are interpreted. The data and the model demonstrate that
the glassy state memorizes the time-course of strain upon glassification, not
as a single parameter but as the history itself. The data also show that the
effect of irreversible deformation in the glassy state is beyond the scope of
the present model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179331 </DOCNO>
Retardation effects from quark confinement on low-energy nucleon


  Retardation effects from quark confinement on low-energy nucleon dynamics are
investigated within the generalized quantum dynamics (GQD). It is shown that
the GQD provides an extension of Hamiltonian dynamics which can describe the
evolution of systems of hadrons whose interaction is nonlocal in time due to
quark-gluon retardation effects. This is illustrated by the example of the
dynamics of nucleons with internal structure described by a constitute quark
model. It is shown that quark-gluon retardation effects result in an anomalous
off-shell behavior of the two-nucleon amplitudes, and in a lack of continuity
of the evolution operator describing nucleon dynamics; for this reason
low-energy nucleon dynamics is not governed by the Schr{\"o}dinger equation.
This is shown to have substantial effects on the dynamics of many nucleon
systems. It is also shown that the GQD allows one to take into account
retardation effects from quark confinement in describing the short-range part
of the $NN$ interaction.
  PACS number(s): 24.85.+p, 13.75.Cs, 21.30.-x

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128660 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization from


  We study the process of cosmic reionization and estimate the ionizing
background in the IGM using the Lyman series absorption in the spectra of the
four quasars at 5.7<z<6.3 discovered by the SDSS. We derive the evolution of
the ionizing background at high redshifts, using both semi-analytic techniques
and cosmological simulations to model the density fluctuations in the IGM. The
existence of the complete Ly alpha Gunn-Peterson trough in the spectrum of the
z=6.28 quasar SDSS 1030+0524 indicates a photoionization rate Gamma_{-12} at
z~6 lower than 0.08, at least a factor of 6 smaller than the value at z~3. The
Ly beta and Ly gamma Gunn-Peterson troughs give an even stronger limit
Gamma_{-12}<0.02 due to their smaller oscillator strengths, indicating that the
ionizing background in the IGM at z~6 is more than 20 times lower than that at
z~3. Meanwhile, the volume-averaged neutral hydrogen fraction increases from
10^{-5} at z~3 to >10^{-3} at z~6. At this redshift, the mass-averaged neutral
hydrogen fraction is larger than 1%; the mildly overdense regions (delta > 3)
are still mostly neutral and the comoving mean free path of ionizing photons is
shorter than 8 Mpc. Comparison with simulations of cosmological reionization
shows that the observed properties of the IGM at z~6 are typical of those in
the era at the end of the overlap stage of reionization when the individual HII
regions merge. Thus, z~6 marks the end of the reionization epoch. The redshift
of reionization constrains the small scale power of the mass density
fluctuations and the star forming efficiency of the first generation of
objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128664 </DOCNO>
The luminosity dependence of clustering


  The PSCz redshift survey and the ongoing Two-Degree Field Galaxy Redshift
Survey (2dFGRS) are used to look for luminosity dependence of galaxy clustering
by measuring the two point correlation functions for sub-samples of the
surveys.
  An analysis of the PSCz survey finds that galaxies with cooler colours are
more strongly clustered than warmer galaxies. Between 1 and 10 Mpc/h it is
found that the redshift-space correlation function, is a factor of about 1.5
larger for the cooler galaxies. This is consistent with the suggestion that
hotter galaxies have higher star formation rates and correspond to later type
galaxies which are known to be less clustered than earlier types. There is a
very weak luminosity dependence of clustering with the more luminous galaxies
being less clustered than fainter galaxies, but the trend has a low statistical
significance.
  Results from the 2dFGRS reveal a strong dependence of clustering on intrinsic
galaxy luminosity. The most luminous galaxies are more strongly clustered by a
factor of 2.5 than L* galaxies, in qualitative agreement with analytic models
of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149044 </DOCNO>
Einstein Brane-Worlds In 5D Gauged Supergravity


  We study, in the context of five dimensional N=2 gauged supergravity with
vector and hypermultiplets, curved domain wall solutions with worldvolumes
given by four dimensional Einstein manifolds. For a choice of the projection
condition on the Killing spinors of the BPS solutions, first order differential
equations governing the flow of the scalars are derived. With these equations,
we analyze the equations of motion and determine conditions under which gauged
supergravity theories may admit Einstein domain wall solutions. These
conditions, however, can be reconciled with the integrability conditions of the
Killing spinors equations only for vanishing cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73048 </DOCNO>
Embed Zee Neutrino Mass Model into SUSY


  In this talk, I summarize a work done in collaboration with Otto Kong on the
Zee neutrino mass model. We show that the MSSM with explicit R-parity violation
actually contains the Zee model with the right-handed sleptons as the Zee
singlet. We determine the conditions on the parameter space such that the
neutrino mass matrix provides a viable texture that explains the atmospheric
and solar data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96969 </DOCNO>
Numerical Performance of Abs Codes for Nonlinear Systems of Equations


  Numerical experiments are performed in order to study the performance of ABS
codes in solving non-linear systems of equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123991 </DOCNO>
Quasi-local evolution of cosmic gravitational clustering in the weakly


  We investigate the weakly non-linear evolution of cosmic gravitational
clustering in phase space by looking at the Zel'dovich solution in the discrete
wavelet transform (DWT) representation. We show that if the initial
perturbations are Gaussian, the relation between the evolved DWT mode and the
initial perturbations in the weakly non-linear regime is quasi-local. That is,
the evolved density perturbations are mainly determined by the initial
perturbations localized in the same spatial range. Furthermore, we show that
the evolved mode is monotonically related to the initial perturbed mode. Thus
large (small) perturbed modes statistically correspond to the large (small)
initial perturbed modes. We test this prediction by using QSO Ly$\alpha$
absorption samples. The results show that the weakly non-linear features for
both the transmitted flux and identified forest lines are quasi-localized. The
locality and monotonic properties provide a solid basis for a DWT
scale-by-scale Gaussianization reconstruction algorithm proposed by Feng & Fang
(Feng & Fang, 2000) for data in the weakly non-linear regime. With the
Zel'dovich solution, we find also that the major non-Gaussianity caused by the
weakly non-linear evolution is local scale-scale correlations. Therefore, to
have a precise recovery of the initial Gaussian mass field, it is essential to
remove the scale-scale correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124754 </DOCNO>
Accretion Disk Models of Luminous Black Holes


  Models of X-ray production in black-hole sources are reviewed and compared
with recent observations. Possible diagnostics of the hot-disk and disk-corona
models are discussed in the light of spectral and temporal data. A new model of
a small-scale inviscid accretion disk is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123881 </DOCNO>
Non-axisymmetric accretion on the classical TTS RW Aur A


  (Abridged) High-resolution spectroscopic monitoring of RW Aur A was carried
out in 1996, 1998 and 1999 with simultaneous B, V photometry. A multicomponent
spectrum is revealed with a veiled photospheric spectrum, broad emissions,
narrow emission lines of helium, and accretion, wind and shell features.
  Periodic modulations in many spectral features were found. The photospheric
absorption lines show sinusoidal variations in radial velocity with an
amplitude of +-6 km/s and a period of about 2.77 days. The radial velocities of
the narrow emission lines of He vary with the same period but in anti-phase to
the photospheric lines. The equivalent widths of the narrow emissions vary with
a phase-shift with respect to the velocity curve. The strength of the
red-shifted accretion components of Na D and other lines is also modulated with
the same period. The broad emission lines of metals vary mostly with the double
period of about 5.5 days.
  One unexpected result is that no correlation was found between the veiling
and the brightness, although both varied in wide ranges. This is partly due to
a contribution of the shell absorption to the photospheric line profiles, which
make them vary in width and depth thus simulating lower veiling.
  Most of the observed features can be interpreted in the framework of
non-axisymmetric magnetospheric accretion. We consider two possible models. In
the first the asymmetry is induced by orbital motion of an invisible, low mass
secondary, which also influences the gasflows around the star, the second
considers rotational modulation of a single star with an inclined or asymmetric
magnetosphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124091 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamical simulations of the Lyman-Alpha forest: data comparisons


  Numerical hydrodynamical simulations are used to predict the expected
absorption properties of the Lyman-Alpha forest for a variety of Cold Dark
Matter dominated cosmological scenarios: CHDM, OCDM, LCDM, SCDM, and tCDM.
Synthetic spectra are constructed duplicating the resolution, signal-to-noise
ratio, and wavelength coverage of several published high resolution spectra,
and their statistical properties compared on the basis of the flux distribution
of the spectra, the distribution of coefficients in a wavelet decomposition of
the spectra, and the distributions of absorption line profile parameters.
Agreement between the measured and predicted cumulative distributions is found
at the few to several percent level. The best-fitting models to the flux
distribution correspond to normalizations on the scale of the cosmological
Jeans length of 1.3 < sigma_J < 1.7 at z=3. No single model provides an
acceptable match to all the distributions. Larger median Doppler parameters are
found in the measured spectra than predicted by all but the lowest
normalization models (CHDM and tCDM), which provide poor fits to the flux
distributions. The discrepancy in Doppler parameters is particularly large for
absorption systems optically thin at the Lyman-Alpha line-centre. This may
indicate the need to introduce additional energy injection throughout the IGM,
as may be provided by late HeII reionization (z_HeII~3.5) or supernovae-driven
winds from young galaxies. The models require a hydrogen ionization rate at
redshifts 1.7<z<3.5 within a factor of 2 of that predicted from QSOs alone as
the sources of the UV photoionization background, although with a slower rate
of decline with redshift at z>3.5 than predicted from current QSO counts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98406 </DOCNO>
On an inverse problem for finite-difference operators of second order


  The Jacobi matrices with bounded elements whose spectrum of multiplicity 2 is
separated from its simple spectrum and contains an interval of absolutely
continuous spectrum are considered. A new type of spectral data, which are
analogous for scattering data, is introduced for this matrix. An integral
equation that allows us to reconstruct the matrix from this spectral data is
obtained. We use this equation to solve the Cauchy problem for the Toda lattice
with the initial data that are not stabilized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126701 </DOCNO>
Multicolor observations of the Hubble Deep Field South


  We present a deep multicolor (UBVIJsHKs) catalog of galaxies in the HDF-S,
based on observations obtained with the HST WFPC2 in 1998 and VLT-ISAAC in
1999. The photometric procedures were tuned to derive a catalog optimized for
the estimation of photometric redshifts. In particular we adopted a
``conservative'' detection threshold which resulted in a list of 1611 objects.
The behavior of the observed source counts is in general agreement with the
result of Casertano et al. (2000) in the HDF-S and Williams et al. (1996) in
the HDF-N, while the corresponding counts in the HDF-N provided by
Fernandez-Soto et al. (1999) are systematically lower by a factor 1.5 beyond
I_AB=26. After correcting for the incompleteness of the source counts, the
object surface density at I_AB<27.5 is estimated to be 220 per square arcmin,
providing an estimate of the Extragalactic Background Light in the I band
consistent with the work of Madau & Pozzetti(2000). The comparison between the
median V-I color in the HDF-North and South shows a significant difference
around I_AB~26, possibly due to the presence of large scale structure at z~1 in
the HDF-N. High-z galaxy candidates (90 U dropout and 17 B dropout) were
selected by means of color diagrams, down to a magnitude I_AB=27, with a
surface density of (21+-1) and (3.9+-0.9) per square arcmin, respectively. 11
EROs (with (I-K)_AB>2.7) were selected down to K_AB=24, plus 3 objects whose
upper limit to the Ks flux is still compatible with the selection criterion.
The corresponding surface density of EROs is (2.5+-0.8) per sq.arcmin
((3.2+-0.9) per sq.arcmin if we include the three Ks upper limits). They show a
remarkably non-uniform spatial distribution and are classified with roughly
equal fractions in the categories of elliptical and starburst galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127646 </DOCNO>
Numerical Simulation of Interaction between an L1 Stream and an


  The hydrodynamic behavior of an accretion disk in a close binary system is
numerically simulated. Calculation is made for a region including the compact
star and the gas-supplying companion. The equation of state is that of an ideal
gas characterized by the specific heat ratio $\gamma$. Two cases with $\gamma$
of 1.01 and 1.2 are studied. Our calculations show that the gas, flowing from
the companion via a Lagrangian L1 point towards the accretion disk, forms a
fine gas beam (L1 stream), which penetrates into the disk. No hot spot
therefore forms in these calculations. Another fact discovered is that the gas
rotating with the disk forms, on collision with the L1 stream, a bow shock
wave, which may be called an L1 shock. The disk becomes hot because the L1
shock heats the disk gas in the outer parts of the disk, so that the spiral
shocks wind loosely even with $\gamma=1.01$. The L1 shock enhances the
non-axisymmetry of the density distribution in the disk, and therefore the
angular momentum transfer by the tidal torque works more effectively. The
maximum of the effective $\alpha$ becomes $\sim 0.3$. The 'hot spot' is not
formed in our simulations, but our results suggest the formation of the 'hot
line', which is the L1 shock elongated along the penetrating L1 stream.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3123 </DOCNO>
Universal Behavior of Load Distribution in Scale-free Networks


  We study a problem of data packet transport in scale-free networks whose
degree distribution follows a power-law with the exponent $\gamma$. We define
load at each vertex as the accumulated total number of data packets passing
through that vertex when every pair of vertices send and receive a data packet
along the shortest path connecting the pair. It is found that the load
distribution follows a power-law with the exponent $\delta \approx 2.2(1)$,
insensitive to different values of $\gamma$ in the range, $2 < \gamma \le 3$,
and different mean degrees, which is valid for both undirected and directed
cases. Thus, we conjecture that the load exponent is a universal quantity to
characterize scale-free networks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86991 </DOCNO>
Cosmological model with movement in fifth dimension


  Presented cosmological model is 3D brane world sheet moved in extra dimension
with variable scale factor. Analysis of the geodesic motion of the test
particle gives settle explanation of the Pioneer effect. It is found that for
considered metric the solution of the semi-classical Einstein equations with
various parameters conforms to isotropic expanded and anisotropic stationary
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4043 </DOCNO>
Does Berry phase exist for a system coupled to its environment?


  Berry phase was originally defined for systems whose states are separated by
finite energy gaps. One might naively expect that a system without a gap cannot
have a Berry phase. Despite this we ask whether a Berry phase can be observed
in a system which has a continuous spectrum because its coupling to the
environment has broadened its energy levels. We find that, contrary to the
above naive expectation, there are conditions under which the Berry phase is
observable. However it is modified by the presence of the environment and no
longer has a simple geometric interpretation. The model system we consider is a
spin-half in a slowly rotating magnetic field, with the spin also coupled to a
Ohmic environment of harmonic oscillators (spin-boson model). Here we discuss
the high-temperature limit of this model. We then interpret our results in
terms of a spin under the influence of a classical stochastic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86673 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphisms as Symplectomorphisms in History Phase Space: Bosonic


  The structure of the history phase space $\cal G$ of a covariant field system
and its history group (in the sense of Isham and Linden) is analyzed on an
example of a bosonic string. The history space $\cal G$ includes the time map
$\sf T$ from the spacetime manifold (the two-sheet) $\cal Y$ to a
one-dimensional time manifold $\cal T$ as one of its configuration variables. A
canonical history action is posited on $\cal G$ such that its restriction to
the configuration history space yields the familiar Polyakov action. The
standard Dirac-ADM action is shown to be identical with the canonical history
action, the only difference being that the underlying action is expressed in
two different coordinate charts on $\cal G$. The canonical history action
encompasses all individual Dirac-ADM actions corresponding to different choices
$\sf T$ of foliating $\cal Y$. The history Poisson brackets of spacetime fields
on $\cal G$ induce the ordinary Poisson brackets of spatial fields in the
instantaneous phase space ${\cal G}_{0}$ of the Dirac-ADM formalism. The
canonical history action is manifestly invariant both under spacetime
diffeomorphisms Diff$\cal Y$ and temporal diffeomorphisms Diff$\cal T$. Both of
these diffeomorphisms are explicitly represented by symplectomorphisms on the
history phase space $\cal G$. The resulting classical history phase space
formalism is offered as a starting point for projection operator quantization
and consistent histories interpretation of the bosonic string model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74648 </DOCNO>
Heavy ion collision multiplicities and gluon distribution functions


  Atomic number ($A$) and energy ($\roots$) scaling exponents of multiplicity
and transverse energy in heavy ion collisions are analytically derived in the
perturbative QCD + saturation model. The exponents depend on the small-$x$
behaviour of gluon distribution functions at an $x$-dependent scale. The
relation between initial state and final state saturation is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128588 </DOCNO>
XMM-EPIC observation of MCG-6-30-15: Direct evidence for the extraction


  We present XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) observations of
the bright Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG-6-30-15, focusing on the broad Fe K$\alpha$
line at ~6keV and the associated reflection continuum, which is believed to
originate from the inner accretion disk. We find these reflection features to
be extremely broad and red-shifted, indicating its origin from the very most
central regions of the accretion disk. It seems likely that we have caught this
source in the ``deep minimum'' state first observed by Iwasawa et al. (1996).
The implied central concentration of X-ray illumination is difficult to
understand in any pure accretion disk model. We suggest that we are witnessing
the extraction and dissipation of rotational energy from a spinning black hole
by magnetic fields connecting the black hole or plunging region to the disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3839 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic approach to dense granular matter: a numerical realization


  Years ago Edwards proposed a thermodynamic description of dense granular
matter, in which the grains (the `atoms' of the system) interact with inelastic
forces. The approach is intriguing but is not justified from first principles,
and hence, in the absence of conclusive tests of its validity, it has not been
widely accepted. We perform a numerical experiment with a realistic granular
matter model specially conceived to be reproducible in the laboratory. The
results strongly support the thermodynamic picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149359 </DOCNO>
Polarization Effects on Fermion Mass


  Due to unsuitable attempt to connect the base theory in hep-th/0106074 to
noncommutative field theory, this paper has been withdrawn by the author.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1613 </DOCNO>
Intrinsically frustrated superconducting array of SFS \pi-junctions


  We report a direct observation of the crossover of the superconductor-
ferromagnet-superconductor (SFS) junctions to the \pi-state which manifests
itself in the half-period shift of the external magnetic field dependence of
the transport critical current in the triangular SFS arrays. It is associated
with the appearance of spontaneous supercurrents in the array at zero external
field, with the ground state degenerated with respect to the two possible
current flow directions. In conventional Josephson arrays this state can be
observed only by imposing frustrating external field equal to a half-integer
number of magnetic quanta per cell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97113 </DOCNO>
Flows in Graphs and Homology of Free Categories


  We introduce the notion of a generalized flow on a graph with coefficients in
a R-representation and show that the module of flows is isomorphic to the first
derived functor of the colimit. We generalize Kirchhoff's laws and build an
exact sequence for calculating the module of flows on the union of graphs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168427 </DOCNO>
Non-adiabatically detecting the geometric phase of the macroscopic


  We give a simple way to detect the geometric phase shift and the conditional
geometric phase shift with Josephson junction system. Comparing with the
previous work(Falcl G, Fazio R, Palma G.M., Siewert J and Verdal V, {\it
Nature} {\bf 407}, 355(2000)), our scheme has two advantages. We use the
non-adiabatic operation, thus the detection is less affected by the
decoherence. Also, we take the time evolution on zero dynamic phase loop, we
need not take any extra operation to cancel the dynamic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87009 </DOCNO>
A Gravitomagnetic Effect on the Orbit of a Test Body due to the Earth's


  The well known general relativistic Lense-Thirring drag of the orbit of a
test particle in the stationary field of a central slowly rotating body is
generated, in the weak-field and slow-motion approximation of General
Relativity, by a gravitomagnetic Lorentz-like acceleration in the equations of
motion of the test particle. In it the gravitomagnetic field is due to the
central body's angular momentum supposed to be constant. In the context of the
gravitational analogue of the Larmor theorem, such acceleration looks like a
Coriolis inertial term in an accelerated frame. In this paper the effect of the
variation in time of the central body's angular momentum on the orbit of a test
mass is considered. It can be shown that it is analogue to the inertial
acceleration due to the time derivative of the angular velocity vector of an
accelerated frame. The possibility of detecting such effect in the
gravitational field of the Earth with LAGEOS-like satellites is investigated.
It turns out that the orbital effects are far too small to be measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40835 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Trilinear Gauge Boson Couplings WWV, (V = Z,gamma) in


  Measurements of the trilinear gauge boson couplings WWgamma and WWZ are
presented using the data taken by DELPHI in 1998 at a centre-of-mass energy of
189 GeV and combined with DELPHI data at 183 GeV. Values are determined for
Delta(g_1^Z) and Delta(kappa_gamma), the differences of the WWZ charge coupling
and of the WWgamma dipole coupling from their Standard Model values, and for
lambda_gamma, the WWgamma quadrupole coupling. A measurement of the magnetic
dipole and electric quadrupole moment of the W is extracted from the results
for Delta(kappa_gamma) and lambda_gamma. The study uses data from the final
states jjlv, jjjj, lX, jjX and gammaX, where j represents a quark jet, l an
identified lepton and X missing four-momentum. The observations are consistent
with the predictions of the Standard Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168200 </DOCNO>
Theory of hybrid systems. I. The operator formulation of classical


  The algebra of polynomials in operators that represent generalized coordinate
and momentum and depend on the Planck constant is defined. The Planck constant
is treated as the parameter taking values between zero and some nonvanishing
$h_0$. For the second of these two extreme values, introduced operatorial
algebra becomes equivalent to the algebra of observables of quantum mechanical
system defined in the standard manner by operators in the Hilbert space. For
the vanishing Planck constant, the generalized algebra gives the operator
formulation of classical mechanics since it is equivalent to the algebra of
variables of classical mechanical system defined, as usually, by functions over
the phase space. In this way, the semiclassical limit of kinematical part of
quantum mechanics is established through the generalized operatorial framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87292 </DOCNO>
Interactions, Strings and Isotopies in Higher Order Anisotropic


  The monograph summarizes the author's results on the geometry of anholonomic
and locally anisotropic interactions, published in J. Math. Phys., Nucl. Phys.
B, Ann. Phys. (NY), JHEP, Rep. Math. Phys., Int. J. Theor. Phys. and in some
former Soviet Union and Romanian scientific journals. The main subjects are in
the theory of field interactions, strings and diffusion processes on spaces,
superspaces and isospaces with higher order anisotropy and inhomogeneity. The
approach proceeds by developing the concept of higher order anisotropic
(super)space which unifies the logical and manthematical aspects of modern
Kaluza--Klein theories and generalized Lagrange and Finsler geometry and leads
to modeling of physical processes on higher order fiber (super)bundles provided
with nonlinear and distinguished connections and metric structures. This book
can be also considered as a pedagogical survey on the mentioned subjects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87182 </DOCNO>
Stationary Cylindrically Symmetric Solution Approaching Einstein's


  Here we describe a stationary cylindrically symmetric solution of Einstein's
equation with matter consisting of a positive cosmological and rotating dust
term. The solution approaches Einstein static universe solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96970 </DOCNO>
Trace Expansions and the Noncommutative Residue for Manifolds with


  For a pseudodifferential boundary operator A of integer order \nu and class
zero (in the Boutet de Monvel calculus) on a compact n-dimensional manifold
with boundary, we consider the function Trace(AB^{-s}) where B is an auxiliary
system formed of the Dirichlet realization of a second order strongly elliptic
differential operator and an elliptic operator on the boundary.
  We prove that Trace(AB^{-s}) has a meromorphic extension to the complex plane
with poles at the half-integers s = (n+\nu-j)/2, j = 0,1,... (possibly double
for s<0), and we prove that its residue at zero equals the noncommutative
residue of A, as defined by Fedosov, Golse, Leichtnam, and Schrohe by a
different method.
  To achieve this, we establish a full asymptotic expansion of
Trace(A(B-\lambda)^{-k}) in powers of \lambda^{-j/2} and log-powers
\lambda^{-j/2} log \lambda, where the noncommutative residue equals the
coefficient of the highest log-power.
  There is a related expansion for Trace(A exp(-tB)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126467 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Models of Multi-waveband QSO Luminosity Functions


  Cosmological evolution of the QSO luminosity functions (LFs) at
NIR/optical/X-ray bands for 1.3 < z < 3.5 is investigated based on the
realistic QSO spectra. The accretion-disk theory predicts that although QSO
luminosities only depend on mass-accretion rate, \Mdot, QSO spectra have a
dependence on black-hole mass, M_{BH}, as well. The smaller M_{BH} is and/or
the larger \Mdot is, the harder becomes the QSO NIR/optical/UV spectrum. We
model disk spectra which can reproduce these features and calculated LFs for
redshift z ~ 3 with the assumption of new-born QSOs being shining at the
Eddington luminosity. The main results are: (i) the observed LFs at optical and
X-rays can be simultaneously reproduced. (ii) LFs at optical and X-ray bands
are not sensitive to M_{BH}, while LFs at NIR bands are; about one order of
magnitude difference is expected in volume number densities at L_{I, J} ~
10^{46} erg s^{-1} between the case that all QSOs would have the same spectral
shape as that of M_{BH} = 10^{9} M_sun and the case with M_{BH} = 10^{11}
M_sun. (iii) The resultant LFs at NIR are dominated by 10^{7} M_sun black-holes
at L_{I, J} ~ 10^{44} erg s^{-1}, and by 10^{11} M_sun black-holes at L_{I, J}
\~ 10^{46} erg s^{-1}. Future infrared observations from space(e.g.NGST) will
probe cosmological evolution of black hole masses. For redshift z < 3, on the
other hand, the observed optical/X-ray LFs can be fitted, if the initial QSO
luminosity L_0 is below the Eddington luminosity. Interestingly, the best
fitting values of l = L_0/L_{Edd} are different in B- and X-ray bands; l_B ~
2.5 l_X. The reason for this discrepancy is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4474 </DOCNO>
ZrZn2: geometrical enhancement of the local DOS and quantum design of


  The recent discovery of coexisting ferromagnetism and superconductivity in
ZrZn2, and the fact that they are simultaneously suppressed on applying
pressure suggest the possibility of a pairing mechanism which is mediated by
exchange interactions and connected with the proximity to a magnetic quantum
critical point. On the basis of first principles, full potential calculations
we study the conditions that, for ZrZn2, determine the proximity to this
magnetic instability. More specifically, we discuss the role played by the
geometrical arrangement of the lattice, the hybridization and the presence of
disorder, in addition to the widely used method of applying external pressures.
These circumstances influence the width of the relevant Zr d bands whose
narrowing, due to the reduction of the effective number of neighbours or to an
increase of the cell volume, causes an enhancement of the density of states at
the Fermi level. Finally, we highlight some general features that may aid the
design of other materials close to a magnetic instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1171 </DOCNO>
ARPES Line Shapes in FL and non-FL Quasi-Low-Dimensional Inorganic


  Quasi-low-dimensional (quasi-low-D) inorganic materials are not only ideally
suited for angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) but also they
offer a rich ground for studying key concepts for the emerging paradigm of
non-Fermi liquid (non-FL) physics. In this article, we discuss the ARPES
technique applied to three quasi-low-D inorganic metals: a paradigm Fermi
liquid (FL) material TiTe$_{2}$, a well-known quasi-1D charge density wave
(CDW) material K$_{0.3}$MoO$_{3}$ and a quasi-1D non-CDW material
Li$_{0.9}$Mo$_{6}$O$_{17}$. With TiTe$_2$, we establish that a many body
theoretical interpretation of the ARPES line shape is possible. We also address
the fundamental question of how to accurately determine the {\bf k}$_F$ value
from ARPES. Both K$_{0.3}$MoO$_{3}$ and Li$_{0.9}$Mo$_{6}$O$_{17}$ show
quasi-1D electronic structures with non-FL line shapes. A CDW gap opening is
observed for K$_{0.3}$MoO$_{3}$, whereas no gap is observed for
Li$_{0.9}$Mo$_{6}$O$_{17}$. We show, however, that the standard CDW theory,
even with strong fluctuations, is not sufficient to describe the non-FL line
shapes of K$_{0.3}$MoO$_{3}$. We argue that a Luttinger liquid (LL) model is
relevant for both bronzes, but also point out difficulties encountered in
comparing data with theory. We interpret this situation to mean that a more
complete and realistic theory is necessary to understand these data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124807 </DOCNO>
The Power Spectrum of Flux Limited X-Ray Galaxy Cluster Surveys


  We compute the redshift space power spectrum of two X-ray cluster samples:
the X-ray Brightest Abell Cluster Sample (XBACS) and the Brightest Cluster
Sample (BCS) using the method developed by Feldman, Kaiser & Peacock. The power
spectrums derived for these samples are in agreement with determinations of
other optical and X-ray cluster samples. For XBACS we find the largest power
spectrum amplitude expected given the high richness of this sample ($R \ge 2$).
In the range $0.05 \uk < k < 0.4 \uk$ the power spectrum shows a power law
behavior $P(k)\propto k^{n}$ with an index $n\simeq-1.2$. In a similar range
$0.04 \uk < k < 0.3 \uk $ BCS power spectrum has a smaller amplitude with index
$n\simeq-1.0$. We do not find significant evidence for a peak at $k \simeq 0.05
\uk$ suggesting that claims such of feature detections in some cluster samples
could relay on artificial inhomogeneities of the data. We compare our results
with power spectrum predictions derived by Moscardini et al. within current
cosmological models (LCDM and OCDM). For XBACS we find that both models
underestimate the amplitude of the power spectrum but for BCS there is
reasonably good agreement at $k\gsim 0.03 \uk$ for both models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72897 </DOCNO>
A new fit to solar neutrino data in models with large extra dimensions


  String inspired models with millimeter scale extra dimensions provide a
natural way to understand an ultralight sterile neutrino needed for a
simultaneous explanation of the solar, atmospheric and LSND neutrino
oscillation results. The sterile neutrino is the bulk neutrino ($\nu_B$)
postulated to exist in these models, and it becomes ultralight in theories that
prevent the appearance of its direct mass terms. Its Kaluza-Klein (KK) states
then add new oscillation channels for the electron neutrino emitted from the
solar core. We show that successive MSW transitions of solar $\nu_e$ to the
lower lying KK modes of $\nu_B$ in conjunction with vacuum oscillations between
the $\nu_e$ and the zero mode of $\nu_B$ provide a new way to fit the solar
neutrino data. Using just the average rates from the three types of solar
experiments, we predict the Super-Kamiokande spectrum with 73\% probability,
but dips characteristic of the 0.06 mm extra dimension should be seen in the
SNO spectrum. We discuss both intermediate and low string scale models where
the desired phenomenology can emerge naturally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148214 </DOCNO>
Non-BPS Instability in Heterotic M-theory


  We study the warped geometry of heterotic M-Theory in five dimensions where
five-branes are included in the bulk. Five-branes wrapping holomorphic curves
lead to BPS configurations where the junction conditions are automatically
satisfied. We consider five-branes wrapped around non-supersymmetric cycles and
show that the configuration is unstable. We describe explicitly the resulting
time-dependent geometry where the bulk five-branes move towards the
Horova-Witten boundary walls. The five-branes collide with the boundary walls
in a finite time resulting in the restoration of supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98914 </DOCNO>
VOAs generated by two conformal vectors whose $\tau$-involutions


  We determined the inner products of two conformal vectors with central charge
1/2 whose \tau-involutions generates S_3 if none of \tau-involutions are
trivial. We also see that a subVA generated by such conformal vectors is a VOA
with central charge 1/2+20/21 or $4/5+6/7 and has a Griess algebra of dimension
three or four, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3538 </DOCNO>
Photoluminescence of the incompressible Laughlin liquid: Excitons,


  The photoluminescence (PL) of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a high
magnetic field is studied as a function of the filling factor and the
separation d between the electron layer and the valence hole. Depending on the
magnitude of d relative to the magnetic length lambda, two distinct regimes in
the response of the 2DEG to the valence hole occur, with different elementary
emission processes contributing to the PL spectrum. At d<lambda ("strong
coupling" regime), the hole binds one or two electrons to form an exciton (X)
or one of three possible charged exciton (X-) states, a spin-singlet or one of
two spin-triplets. At d>lambda ("weak coupling" regime), the hole decouples or
binds one or two Laughlin quasielectrons to form fractionally charged excitons
(FCX's). The binding energies as well as the emission energies and intensities
of all X- and FCX states are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76370 </DOCNO>
Quark and Lepton Mass Patterns and the Absolute Neutrino Mass Scale


  We investigate what could be learned about the absolute scale of neutrino
masses from comparisons among the patterns within quark and lepton mass
hierarchies. First, we observe that the existing information on neutrino masses
fits quite well to the unexplained, but apparently present regularities in the
quark and charged lepton sectors. Second, we discuss several possible mass
patterns, pointing out that this quite generally leads towards hierarchical
neutrino mass patterns especially disfavoring the vacuum solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96726 </DOCNO>
Notes on an analogue of the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture


  We estimate the proportion of function fields satisfying certain conditions
which imply a function-field analogue of the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture. As a
byproduct, we compute the fraction of abelian varieties (or even Jacobians)
over a finite field which have rational point of any given prime order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99101 </DOCNO>
Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence, quivers, and vortices


  We prove a Hitchin-Kobayashi correspondence for twisted quiver bundles over a
compact Kahler manifold and consider some examples related to Higgs bundles and
dimensional reductions of the Hermitian-Einstein equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148711 </DOCNO>
Folding in the Skyrme Model


  There are only three stable singularities of a differentiable map between
three-dimensional manifolds, namely folds, cusps and swallowtails. A Skyrme
configuration is a map from space to SU(2), and its singularities correspond to
the points where the baryon density vanishes. In this paper we consider the
singularity structure of Skyrme configurations. The Skyrme model can only be
solved numerically. However, there are good analytic ansaetze. The simplest of
these, the rational map ansatz, has a non-generic singularity structure. This
leads us to introduce a non-holomorphic ansatz as a generalization. For baryon
number two, three and four, the approximate solutions derived from this ansatz
are closer in energy to the true solutions than any other ansatz solution. We
find that there is a tiny amount of negative baryon density for baryon number
three, but none for two or four. We comment briefly on the relationship to
Bogomolny-Prasad-Sommerfield monopoles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1379 </DOCNO>
Response time of internauts


  A new experiment measuring the dynamical response of the Internet population
to a ``point-like'' perturbation has been performed. The nature of the
perturbation was that of an announcement, specifically a web-interview on stock
market crashes, which contained the URL to the author's articles on the
subject. It was established that the download rate obeys the relation ~ 1/t in
qualitative agreement with previously reported results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74234 </DOCNO>
Chiral symmetry restoration and the linear form of baryonic Regge


  It has recently been suggested that the observed structure of parity
doublets, seen in the spectrum of highly excited baryons, may be due to the
effective restoration of chiral symmetry for these states. This chiral symmetry
restoration high in the spectrum is consistent with the concept of quark-hadron
duality. Moreover, if QCD dynamics implies the linear Regge trajectories for
highly excited baryons, then the MacDowell symmetry requires the parity
doubling to appear, which shows that linear Regge trajectories and chiral
symmetry restoration are well compatible. On the contrary, in the low-energy
part of baryon spectrum the parity doublets are absent because of spontaneous
chiral symmetry breaking. Then the MacDowell symmetry implies that there should
be no linear parallel Regge trajectories. Experimental data shows that this is
indeed the case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126195 </DOCNO>
Ultra-compact dwarf galaxies: a new class of compact stellar system


  We have used the 2dF spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope to obtain
a complete spectroscopic sample of all objects in the magnitude range, Bj= 16.5
to 19.8, regardless of morphology, in an area centred on the Fornax Cluster of
galaxies. Among the unresolved targets are five objects which are members of
the Fornax Cluster. They are extremely compact stellar systems with scale
lengths less than 40 parsecs. These ultra-compact dwarfs are unlike any known
type of stellar system, being more compact and significantly less luminous than
other compact dwarf galaxies, yet much brighter than any globular cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4618 </DOCNO>
Disorder Effect on the Vortex Pinning by the Cooling Process Control in


  We report the hysteretic magnetization measurements on
$\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br below $T_c$ to investigate the second
peak effect under the control of the cooling process from room temperature. The
second peak of the magnetization was clearly observed below about 8 K for all
the cooling process, and the dimensional crossover field is suggested to be
about 200 Oe in the vicinity of the temperature independent minimum point
between the central and second peaks. Faster cooling apparently suppresses the
second peak structure, resulting in the reduced vortex pinning force. We
propose that the domain structure of the disordered terminal ethylene groups of
the BEDT-TTF molecules works as a possible origin of the effective vortex
pinning site, which can qualitatively explain the behavior of the observed
second peak.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74273 </DOCNO>
Slope of the topological susceptibility at zero temperature and finite


  We estimate the slope of the topological susceptibility in the three flavour
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the 't Hooft interaction. The results are
consistent with the evaluation from the QCD sum rule in favour of the full
topological susceptibility. We apply it to the Shore-Veneziano formula to find
that it shows satisfactory agreement with the anomalous suppression of the
flavour-singlet axial charge. The behaviour at finite temperature is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73450 </DOCNO>
Constructing the fermion-boson vertex in QED3


  We derive perturbative constraints on the transverse part of the
fermion-boson vertex in massive QED3 through its one loop evaluation in an
arbitrary covariant gauge. Written in a particular form, these constraints
naturally lead us to the first non-perturbative construction of the vertex,
which is in complete agreement with its one loop expansion in all momentum
regimes. Without affecting its one-loop perturbative properties, we also
construct an effective vertex in such a way that the unknown functions defining
it have no dependence on the angle between the incoming and outgoing fermion
momenta. Such a vertex should be useful for the numerical study of dynamical
chiral symmetry breaking, leading to more reliable results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5841 </DOCNO>
Sweeping of Lattice Disorder and Associated Phenomena in Colossal


  We show through a variational calculation that in a large range of parameters
the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in colossal magnetoresistance
compounds is accompanied by a collapse of polaronic lattice disorder in
addition to that of spin disorder. The spin-lattice disordered state is shown
to be localized and the ordered state itinerant as observed. The observed
dramatic change in the diffuse scattering at the transition as well as the
isotope effect are also explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74737 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Gauge Field Theories: A No-Go Theorem


  Studying the general structure of the noncommutative (NC) local groups, we
prove a no-go theorem for NC gauge theories. According to this theorem, the
closure condition of the gauge algebra implies that: 1) the local NC $u(n)$
{\it algebra} only admits the irreducible n by n matrix-representation. Hence
the gauge fields are in n by n matrix form, while the matter fields {\it can
only be} in fundamental, adjoint or singlet states; 2) for any gauge group
consisting of several simple-group factors, the matter fields can transform
nontrivially under {\it at most two} NC group factors. In other words, the
matter fields cannot carry more than two NC gauge group charges. This no-go
theorem imposes strong restrictions on the NC version of the Standard Model and
in resolving the standing problem of charge quantization in noncommutative QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73813 </DOCNO>
Transverse Polarisation of Quarks in Hadrons


  We review the present state of knowledge regarding the transverse
polarisation (or transversity) distributions of quarks. After some generalities
on transverse polarisation, we formally define the transversity distributions
within the framework of a classification of all leading-twist distribution
functions. We describe the QCD evolution of transversity at leading and
next-to-leading order. A comprehensive treatment of non-perturbative
calculations of transversity distributions (within the framework of quark
models, lattice QCD and QCD sum rules) is presented. The phenomenology of
transversity (in particular, in Drell-Yan processes and semi-inclusive
leptoproduction) is discussed in some detail. Finally, the prospects for future
measurements are outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4642 </DOCNO>
Quantum English Auctions


  We continue the analysis of quantum-like description of markets and
economics. The approach has roots in the recently developed quantum game theory
and quantum computing. The present paper is devoted to quantum English auction
which are a special class of quantum market games. The approach allows to
calculate profit intensities for various possible strategies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124839 </DOCNO>
The influence of massive stars in the interstellar medium of IC 1613:


  We present a detailed kinematical analysis of two selected nebulae in the
Local Group irregular galaxy IC 1613. The nebulae are: S8, the only known
supernova remnant in this galaxy, and S3, a Wolf-Rayet nebula associated with
the only WO star in this galaxy. For S8, we have obtained and analyzed its
radial velocity field, where we found complex profiles which can be fitted by
several velocity components. These profiles also show the presence of high
velocity, low density gas. From this, we have obtained the expansion velocity,
estimated the preshock density and calculated the basic kinematical parameters
of this SNR. We suggest that in S8 we are seing a SNR partially hidden by dust.
This suggestion comes from the fact that the SNR is located between two
superbubbles where a ridge of obscured material unveils the existence of dust.
Moreover, we show that this hypothesis prevails when energetic arguments are
taken into account. In the case of S3, this nebula shows bipolar structure. By
means of its kinematics, we have analyzed its two lobes, the ``waist'', as well
as its relation with the nearest superbubbles. For the first time we are able
to see closed the NW lobe, showing a clover leaf shape. This fact allows a
better quantitative knowledge of the nebula as a whole. Furthermore, we found
evidence of an expansion motion in the NW lobe. In the light of our results, we
can express that these nebulae are the product of very massive stellar
evolution. It is surprising the influence these stars still have in shaping
their surrounding gas, and on the energy liberation towards the interstellar
medium of this galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3047 </DOCNO>
Preparation and Superconductivity of a MgB2 Superconducting Tape


  A MgB2 superconducting tape has been successfully prepared by a new way of
boron diffusion into Mg tape. This tape superconductor has a Tc of 39 K with a
sharp transition width of 0.4 K, high bulk critical current density jc of
6.7*10^5 A/cm^2 in zero field at 6 K, higher irreversibility line comparing to
that of a high pressure synthesized bulk sample and very small crystalline
grain with size in the scale of 10-200 nm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127366 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Kinetic Equation for Induced Compton Scattering of


  The relativistic kinetic equations describing time evolution and space
dependence of the density matrices of polarized photons and electrons
interacting via Compton scattering are deduced from the quantum Liouville
equation. The induced scattering and exclusion principle are taken into
account. The Bogoliubov method is used in the frame of quantum electrodynamics.
The equation for polarized radiation scattered by unpolarized electrons is
considered as a particular case and is reformulated in terms of the Stokes
parameters. The expressions for the scattering amplitudes and cross-sections
are derived simultaneously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125384 </DOCNO>
Statistical Properties of Radio Emission from the Palomar Seyfert


  We have carried out an analysis of the radio and optical properties of a
statistical sample of 45 Seyfert galaxies from the Palomar spectroscopic survey
of nearby galaxies. We find that the space density of bright galaxies (-22 mag
<= M_{B_T} <= -18 mag) showing Seyfert activity is (1.25 +/- 0.38) X 10^{-3}
Mpc^{-3}, considerably higher than found in other Seyfert samples. Host galaxy
types, radio spectra, and radio source sizes are uncorrelated with Seyfert
type, as predicted by the unified schemes for active galaxies. Approximately
half of the detected galaxies have flat or inverted radio spectra, more than
expected based on previous samples. Surprisingly, Seyfert 1 galaxies are found
to have somewhat stronger radio sources than Seyfert 2 galaxies at 6 and 20 cm,
particularly among the galaxies with the weakest nuclear activity. We suggest
that this difference can be accommodated in the unified schemes if a minimum
level of Seyfert activity is required for a radio source to emerge from the
vicinity of the active nucleus. Below this level, Seyfert radio sources might
be suppressed by free-free absorption associated with the nuclear torus or a
compact narrow-line region, thus accounting for both the weakness of the radio
emission and the preponderance of flat spectra. Alternatively, the flat spectra
and weak radio sources might indicate that the weak active nuclei are fed by
advection-dominated accretion disks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126158 </DOCNO>
Boyle's law and gravitational instability


  We have re-examined the classical problem of the macroscopic equation of
state for a hydrostatic isothermal self-gravitating gas cloud bounded by an
external medium at constant pressure. We have obtained analytical conditions
for its equilibrium and stability without imposing any specific shape and
symmetry to the cloud density distribution. The equilibrium condition can be
stated in the form of an upper limit to the cloud mass; this is found to be
inversely proportional to the power 3/2 of a form factor \mu characterizing the
shape of the cloud. In this respect, the spherical solution, associated with
the maximum value of the form factor, \mu = 1, turns out to correspond to the
shape that is most difficult to realize. Surprisingly, the condition that
defines the onset of the Bonnor instability (or gravothermal catastrophe) can
be cast in the form of an upper limit to the density contrast within the cloud
that is independent of the cloud shape. We have then carried out a similar
analysis in the two-dimensional case of infinite cylinders, without assuming
axisymmetry. The results obtained in this paper generalize well-known results
available for spherical or axisymmetric cylindrical isothermal clouds that have
had wide astrophysical applications, especially in the study of the
interstellar medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1417 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic Instability of the Flux-antiflux Interface in Type-II


  The macroturbulence instability observed in fluxline systems during
remagnetization of superconductors is explained. It is shown that when a region
with flux is invaded by antiflux the interface can become unstable if there is
a relative tangential flux motion. This condition occurs at the interface when
the viscosity is anisotropic, e.g., due to flux guiding by twin boundaries in
crystals. The phenomenon is similar to the instability of the tangential
discontinuity in classical hydrodynamics. The obtained results are supported by
magneto-optical observations of flux distribution on the surface of a YBCO
single crystal with twins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168418 </DOCNO>
Quantum Computing with Globally Controlled Exchange-type Interactions


  If the interaction between qubits in a quantum computer has a non-diagonal
form (e.g. the Heisenberg interaction), then one must be able to "switch it
off" in order to prevent uncontrolled propagation of states. Therefore, such QC
schemes typically demand local control of the interaction strength between each
pair of neighboring qubits. Here we demonstrate that this degree of control is
not necessary: it suffices to switch the interaction collectively - something
that can in principle be achieved by global fields rather than with local
manipulations. This observation may offer a significant simplification for
various solid state, optical lattice and NMR implementations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179643 </DOCNO>
A possible quark origin of two-pion emission in $e+N$ and $N+N$


  The constituent quark model has been taken as a starting point for
investigation of one- and two-pion emissions. A wide range of oservables has
been evaluated in the framework of the $^3P_0$ model. Comparison of the results
with the data (when it is possible) shows an approximate agreement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74789 </DOCNO>
Sneutrino Mass Measurements at e+e- Linear Colliders


  It is generally accepted that experiments at an e+e- linear colliders will be
able to extract the masses of the selectron as well as the associated
sneutrinos with a precision of ~ 1% by determining the kinematic end points of
the energy spectrum of daughter electrons produced in their two body decays to
a lighter neutralino or chargino. Recently, it has been suggested that by
studying the energy dependence of the cross section near the production
threshold, this precision can be improved by an order of magnitude, assuming an
integrated luminosity of 100 fb^-1. It is further suggested that these
threshold scans also allow the masses of even the heavier second and third
generation sleptons and sneutrinos to be determined to better than 0.5%. We
re-examine the prospects for determining sneutrino masses. We find that the
cross sections for the second and third generation sneutrinos are too small for
a threshold scan to be useful. An additional complication arises because the
cross section for sneutrino pair to decay into any visible final state(s)
necessarily depends on an unknown branching fraction, so that the overall
normalization in unknown. This reduces the precision with which the sneutrino
mass can be extracted. We propose a different strategy to optimize the
extraction of m(\tilde{\nu}_\mu) and m(\tilde{\nu}_\tau) via the energy
dependence of the cross section. We find that even with an integrated
luminosity of 500 fb^-1, these can be determined with a precision no better
than several percent at the 90% CL. We also examine the measurement of
m(\tilde{\nu}_e) and show that it can be extracted with a precision of about
0.5% (0.2%) with an integrated luminosity of 120 fb^-1 (500 fb^-1).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81091 </DOCNO>
Connes' Distance of One-Dimensional Lattices: General Cases


  Connes' distance formula is applied to endow linear metric to three 1D
lattices of different topology, with a generalization of lattice Dirac operator
written down by Dimakis et al to contain a non-unitary link-variable. Geometric
interpretation of this link-variable is lattice spacing and parallel transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169524 </DOCNO>
Sub-Planck Structure, Decoherence, and Many-Body Environments


  In a recent paper [Nature 412, 712 (2001)], Zurek has argued that (1) time
evolution typically causes chaotic quantum systems to generate structure that
varies on the scale of phase-space volume elements of size $(\hbar^2/A)^d$,
where A is a classical action characteristic of the state and d is the number
of degrees of freedom, and that (2) this structure implies that a small change
in a phase-space coordinate X by an amount $\delta X \sim \hbar X/A$
generically results in an orthogonal state. While we agree with (1), we argue
that (2) is not correct if the number of degrees of freedom is small. Our
arguments are based on the Berry-Voros ansatz for the structure of energy
eigenstates in chaotic systems. We find, however, that (2) becomes valid if the
number of degrees of freedom is large. This implies that many-body environments
may be crucial for the phenomenon of quantum decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81435 </DOCNO>
Finite Volume Effects in Weak Hadronic Decays


  In this talk we discuss finite-volume computations of two-body hadronic
decays below the inelastic threshold (e.g. $K\to\pi\pi$ decays). In particular
we show how the relation between finite-volume matrix elements and physical
amplitudes, recently derived by Lellouch and L\"uscher, can be extended to all
elastic states under the inelastic threshold. We also provide a derivation of
the L\"uscher quantization condition directly in quantum field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168138 </DOCNO>
Structure of Probabilistic Information and Quantum Laws


  In quantum experiments the acquisition and representation of basic
experimental information is governed by the multinomial probability
distribution. There exist unique random variables, whose standard deviation
becomes asymptotically invariant of physical conditions. Representing all
information by means of such random variables gives the quantum mechanical
probability amplitude and a real alternative. For predictions, the linear
evolution law (Schrodinger or Dirac equation) turns out to be the only way to
extend the invariance property of the standard deviation to the predicted
quantities. This indicates that quantum theory originates in the structure of
gaining pure, probabilistic information, without any mechanical underpinning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149049 </DOCNO>
Spinning Bound States of Two and Three Black Holes


  Bound states of BPS particles in five-dimensional N=2 supergravity are
counted by a topological index. We compute this bound state index exactly for
two and three black holes as a function of the SU(2)_L angular momentum. The
required regulator for the infrared continuum of near-coincident black holes is
chosen in accord with the enhanced superconformal symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 173958 </DOCNO>
Hard loss of stability in Painlev\'e-2 equation


  A special asymptotic solution of the Painlev\'e-2 equation with small
parameter is studied. This solution has a critical point $t_*$ corresponding
to a bifurcation phenomenon. When $t<t_*$ the constructed solution varies
slowly and when $t>t_*$ the solution oscillates very fast. We investigate the
transitional layer in detail and obtain a smooth asymptotic solution, using a
sequence of scaling and matching procedures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97959 </DOCNO>
Relatively stable bundles over elliptic fibrations


  We consider a relative Fourier-Mukai transform defined on elliptic fibrations
over an arbitrary normal base scheme. This is used to construct relative Atiyah
sheaves and generalize Atiyah and Tu's results about semistable sheaves over
elliptic curves to the case of elliptic fibrations. Moreover we show that this
transform preserves relative (semi)stability of sheaves of positive relative
degree.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96803 </DOCNO>
Stratification of prime spectrum of quantum solvable algebras


  A quantum solvable algebra is an iterated $q$-skew extension of a commutative
algebra. We get finite statification of prime spectrum for quantum solvable
algebras obeying some natural conditions. We prove that for any prime ideal $I$
the skew field of fractions $Fract(R/I)$ is isomorphic to the skew field of
fractions of an algebra of twisted polynomials (Quantum Gel'fand-Kirillov
Conjecture).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126048 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Parameters and Evolutionary State of the Primary in the


  We report on a high-resolution, spectroscopic stellar parameter and abundance
analysis of a d' symbiotic star: the yellow component of StH\alpha190. This
star has recently been discovered, and confirmed here, to be a rapidly rotating
(vsini=100 km/s) subgiant, or giant, that exhibits radial-velocity variations
of probably at least 40 km/s, indicating the presence of a companion (a white
dwarf star). It is found that the cool stellar component has Teff=5300K and log
g=3.0. The iron and calcium abundances are close to solar, however, barium is
overabundant, relative to Fe and Ca, by about +0.5 dex. The barium enhancement
reflects mass-transfer of s-process enriched material when the current white
dwarf was an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star. The past and future evolution
of this binary system depends critically on its current orbital period, which
is not yet known. Concerted and frequent radial-velocity measurements are
needed to provide crucial physical constraints to this d' symbiotic system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86465 </DOCNO>
Collapsing shells of radiation in higher dimensional space-time and the


  Gravitational collapse of radiation shells in a non self-similar higher
dimensional spherically symmetric spacetime is studied. Strong curvature naked
singularities form for a highly inhomogeneous collapse, violating the cosmic
censorship conjecture. As a special case, self similar models can be
constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114174 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Particle Accelerations in Fully Developed Turbulence


  We use silicon strip detectors (originally developed for the CLEO III high
energy particle physics experiment) to measure fluid particle trajectories in
turbulence with temporal resolution of up to 70,000 frames per second. This
high frame rate allows the Kolmogorov time scale of a turbulent water flow to
be fully resolved for 140 <= R_lambda <= 970. Particle trajectories exhibiting
accelerations up to 16,000 m\s^2 (40 times the rms value) are routinely
observed. The probability density function of the acceleration is found to have
Reynolds number dependent stretched exponential tails. The moments of the
acceleration distribution are calculated. The scaling of the acceleration
component variance with the energy dissipation is found to be consistent with
the results for low Reynolds number direct numerical simulations, and with the
K41 based Heisenberg-Yaglom prediction for R_lambda >= 500. The acceleration
flatness is found to increase with Reynolds number, and to exceed 60 at
R_lambda = 970. The coupling of the acceleration to the large scale anisotropy
is found to be large at low Reynolds number and to decrease as the Reynolds
number increases, but to persist at all Reynolds numbers measured. The
dependence of the acceleration variance on the size and density of the tracer
particles is measured. The autocorrelation function of an acceleration
component is measured, and is found to scale with the Kolmogorov time tau_eta.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86531 </DOCNO>
Gravitational lensing statistical properties in general FRW cosmologies


  Various astronomical observations have been consistently making a strong case
for the existence of a component of dark energy with negative pressure in the
universe. It is now necessary to take the dark energy component(s) into account
in gravitational lensing statistics and other cosmological tests. By using the
comoving distance we derive analytic but simple expressions for the optical
depth of multiple image, the expected value of image separation and the
probability distribution of image separation caused by an assemble of singular
isothermal spheres in general FRW cosmological models with dark energy
component(s). We also present the kinematical and dynamical properties of these
kinds of cosmological models and calculate the age of the universe and the
distance measures, which are often used in classical cosmological tests. In
some cases we are able to give formulae that are simpler than those found
elsewhere in the literature, which could make the cosmological tests for dark
energy component(s) more convenient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125509 </DOCNO>
Identification and Analysis of Young Star Cluster Candidates in M31


  We present a method for finding clusters of young stars in M31 using
broadband WFPC2 data from the HST data archive. Applying our identification
method to 13 WFPC2 fields, covering an area of ~60 arcmin^2, has revealed 79
new candidate young star clusters in these portions of the M31 disk. Most of
these clusters are small (~<5 pc) young (~10-200 Myr) star groups located
within large OB associations. We have estimated the reddening values and the
ages of each candidate individually by fitting isochrones to the stellar
photometry. We provide a catalog of the candidates including rough
approximations of their reddenings and ages. We also look for patterns of
cluster formation with galactocentric distance, but our rough estimates are not
precise enough to reveal any clear patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113665 </DOCNO>
How Many Genes Are Needed for a Discriminant Microarray Data Analysis ?


  The analysis of the leukemia data from Whitehead/MIT group is a discriminant
analysis (also called a supervised learning). Among thousands of genes whose
expression levels are measured, not all are needed for discriminant analysis: a
gene may either not contribute to the separation of two types of
tissues/cancers, or it may be redundant because it is highly correlated with
other genes. There are two theoretical frameworks in which variable selection
(or gene selection in our case) can be addressed. The first is model selection,
and the second is model averaging. We have carried out model selection using
Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion with logistic
regression (discrimination, prediction, or classification) to determine the
number of genes that provide the best model. These model selection criteria set
upper limits of 22-25 and 12-13 genes for this data set with 38 samples, and
the best model consists of only one (no.4847, zyxin) or two genes. We have also
carried out model averaging over the best single-gene logistic predictors using
three different weights: maximized likelihood, prediction rate on training set,
and equal weight. We have observed that the performance of most of these
weighted predictors on the testing set is gradually reduced as more genes are
included, but a clear cutoff that separates good and bad prediction performance
is not found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2415 </DOCNO>
Quantum Market Games


  We propose a quantum-like description of markets and economics. The approach
has roots in the recently developed quantum game theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150005 </DOCNO>
New Einstein-Hilbert Type Action for Unity of Nature


  The fundamental action of superon-graviton model(SGM) for space-time and
matter is written down explicitly in terms of the fields of the graviton and
superons by using the affine and the spin connection formalisms, alternatively.
Some characteristic structures including some hidden symmetries of the
gravitational coupling of superons are manifested (in two dimensional
space-time) with some details of the calculations. SGM cosmology is discussed
briefly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149264 </DOCNO>
String Theory, Large Dimensions and Supersymmetry


  With our current level of understanding, the problem of making string theory
predictions is not one of "solving" the theory, but rather of trying to
determine whether there are any generic expectations. Within this context, we
discuss what it would mean to predict low energy supersymmetry, and consider
questions like: what is the form of low energy CP violation, is unification a
string prediction, and others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149109 </DOCNO>
Conformal anomaly from dS/CFT correspondence


  In frames of dS/CFT correspondence suggested by Strominger we calculate
holographic conformal anomaly for dual euclidean CFT. The holographic
renormalization group method is used for this purpose. It is explicitly
demonstrated that two-dimensional and four-dimensional conformal anomalies (or
corresponding central charges) have the same form as those obtained in AdS/CFT
duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129043 </DOCNO>
Viscoelastic Analogy for the Acceleration and Collimation of


  Jets are ubiquitous in astronomy. It has been conjectured that the existence
of jets is intimately connected with the spin of the central object and the
viscous angular momentum transport of the inner disk. Bipolar jet-like
structures propelled by the viscous torque on a spinning central object are
also known in a completely different context, namely the flow in the laboratory
of a viscoelastic fluid. On the basis of an analogy of the tangled magnetic
field lines of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence to the tangled polymers of
viscoelastic polymer solutions, we propose a viscoelastic description of the
dynamics of highly turbulent conductive fluid. We argue that the same mechanism
that forms jets in viscoelastic fluids in the laboratory may be responsible for
collimating and powering astrophysical jets by the angular momentum of the
central object.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75377 </DOCNO>
Consistent treatment for valence and nonvalence configurations in


  We discuss the semileptonic weak decays of $P\to P$ ($P$ denotes a
pseudoscalar meson). In these timelike processes, the problem of the nonvalence
contribution is solved systematically as well as the valence one. These
contributions are related to the light-front quark model (LFQM), and the
numerical results show the nonvalence contribution of the light-to-light
transition is larger than of the heavy-to-light one. In addition, the relevant
CKM matrix elements are calculated. They are consistent with the data of
Particle Data Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125328 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Galaxy Morphology for Galaxies in the Canada-France


  The images of 229 galaxies in the Canada France Redshift Survey have been
classified on the DDO system. These observations were combined with previous
classifications of galaxies with known redshifts in the Hubble Deep Field. The
combined sample provides homogeneous morphological classifications for 425
galaxies of known redshift. The fraction of all galaxies that are of types E +
S0 + E/S0 appears to remain approximately constant at ~17% over the redshift
range 0.25 < z < 1.2. Over the same range the fraction of irregular (Ir)
galaxies increases from ~5% to ~12%. Part of this increase may be due to mild
luminosity evolution of Ir galaxies. The frequency of mergers is found to rise
by a factor of two or three over the redshift range covered by the present
survey.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174676 </DOCNO>
Investigation of the K=8- isomers in N=74 isotones on beam of the Warsaw


  The decay of the K=8- isomers in 132Ce and 134Nd have been investigated on
the beam of the Warsaw Cyclotron using OSIRIS array. Reactions
120Sn(16O,4n)132Ce and 118Sn(20Ne,4n)134Nd were used. Two new decay paths have
been found in the deexcitation of the 8- isomer in 132Ce. The hindrance factors
for the E1, M2 and E3 transitions deexciting the isomer have been determined.
Similar E3 decay of the 410 $\mu$s isomeric state in 134mNd has not been
observed in our experiment but nevertheless the reduced hindrance factor f_3>=9
was determined. The decay properties of the 8- isomers in the N=74 isotones are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76728 </DOCNO>
Towards Collinear Evolution Equations in Electroweak Theory


  We consider electroweak radiative corrections to hard inclusive processes at
the TeV scale, and we investigate how collinear logarithms factorize in a
spontaneously broken gauge theory, similarly to the DGLAP analysis in QCD.
  Due to the uncancelled double logs noticed previously, we find a
factorization pattern which is qualitatively different from the analogous one
in QCD. New types of splitting functions emerge which are needed to describe
the initial beam charges and are infrared-sensitive, that is dependent on an
infrared cutoff provided, ultimately, by the symmetry breaking scale. We derive
such splitting functions at one-loop level in the example of SU(2) gauge
theory, and we also discuss the structure functions' evolution equations, under
the assumption that isospin breaking terms present in the Ward identities of
the theory are sufficiently subleading at higher orders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72587 </DOCNO>
Higgs Bosons and the Indirect Search for WIMPs


  We investigated the contribution of the MSSM Higgs bosons produced in the
neutralino annihilation in the Earth and Sun to the total WIMPs detection
signals. We found that this contribution is very important and results in a
lower bound for the muon flux from the Sun of 10^{-7} - 10^{-8} m^{-2} yr^{-1}
for neutralinos heavier than 200 GeV. We noticed that due to the SUSY charged
Higgs bosons one can expect an energetic tau neutrino flux from the Sun at a
level of 10^2 m^{-2} yr^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126816 </DOCNO>
Interferometric Astrometry with Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance


  TV Columbae (TV Col) is a 13th magnitude Intermediate Polar (IP) Cataclysmic
Variable (CV), with multiple periods found in the light curves. Past estimates
predicted a distance of 400 parsec to greater than 500 parsec. Recently
completed Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS)
interferometric observations allow us to determine the first trigonometric
parallax to TV Col. This determination puts the distance of TV Col at 368
-15+17 parsecs.
  CD-32 2376, a 10th magnitude Tycho Catalog star, is a reference star in the
TV Col frame. We find a distance of $127.7 -1+1 parsecs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169086 </DOCNO>
Multi-Photon Entanglement Concentration and Quantum Cryptography


  Multi-photon states from parametric down-conversion can be entangled both in
polarization and photon number. Maximal high-dimensional entanglement can be
concentrated from these states via photon counting. This makes them natural
candidates for quantum key distribution, where the presence of more than one
photon per detection interval has up to now been considered as undesirable. We
propose a simple multi-photon protocol for the case of low losses and point out
the robustness of the entanglement under photon loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2524 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic Superconducting Cylinders: Phase Transitions, Phase Diagrams


  Superconducting state in mesoscopic cylinder placed in the external magnetic
field is analyzed at general de Gennes boundary condition for the order
parameter. The lower and the surface critical fields of the cylinder are
calculated at different values of de Gennes "extrapolation length" $b$. For the
case of standard boundary condition (corresponding to $b\to \infty $) we use a
variational method to calculate the phase transitions between different
superconducting states. Based on the trial function for the order parameter, we
find an approximate solutions to the Ginzburg-Landau equations for the
Meissner, the single-vortex, and the giant-vortex states. The magnetization
curves of thin cylinders are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97729 </DOCNO>
The Casimir Invariants of Universal Lie algebra extensions via


  We consider the Casimir Invariants related to some a special kind of
Lie-algebra extensions, called universal extensions. We show that these
invariants can be studied using the equivalence between the universal
extensions and the commutative algebras and consider in detail the so called
coextension structures, arising in the calculation of the Casimir functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1819 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetic vortex state in a high-temperature superconductor


  There is strong evidence that magnetic interactions play a crucial role in
the mechanism driving high-temperature superconductivity in cuprate
superconductors. To investigate this further we have done neutron scattering
experiments on the simplest high-temperature superconductor La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4)
(LSCO) in an applied magnetic field. Below the superconducting transition
temperature (Tc), the field penetrates the material via an array of normal
state inclusions or vortices while phase coherent superconductivity
characterized by zero resistance is suppressed to the lower field-dependent
irreversibility temperature. The measurements described here were performed on
underdoped LSCO (x=0.10), which develops static incommensurate order below Tc
in zero field. Our results show that application of a magnetic field enhances
this response without changing the onset temperature. For H=5T the
field-induced signal saturates to three times the zero-field signal and phase
coherent superconductivity is established within the antiferromagnetic phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73650 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of the neutrino mass matrix


  The renormalization group equations for the general 2 by 2, complex, neutrino
mass matrix are shown to have exact, analytic solutions. Simple formulas are
given for the physical mixing angle, complex phase and mass ratio in terms of
their initial values and the energy scales. We also establish a (complex)
renormalization invariant relating these parameters. The qualitative features
of the physical parameters' renormalization are clearly illustrated in vector
field plots. In both the SM and MSSM, maximal mixing is a saddle point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97842 </DOCNO>
Gauss-Manin System and the Virtual Structure Constants


  In this paper, we discuss some applications of Givental's differential
equations to enumerative problems on rational curves in projective
hypersurfaces. Using this method, we prove some of the conjectures on the
structure constants of quantum cohomology of projective hypersurfaces, proposed
in our previous article. Moreover, we clarify the correspondence between the
virtual structure constants and Givental's differential equations when the
projective hypersurface is Calabi-Yau or general type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129340 </DOCNO>
Chandra Spectroscopy of Pulsars and their Wind Nebulae


  We present preliminary results from a systematic spectral study of pulsars
and their wind nebulae using the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. The superb spatial
resolution of Chandra allows us to differentiate the compact object's spectrum
from that of its surrounding nebulae. Specifically, for six Crab-like pulsars,
we compare spectral fits of the averaged pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) emission to
that of the central core using an absorbed power-law model. These results
suggest an empirical relationship between the bulk averaged photon indicies
(Gamma) for the PWNe and the pulsar cores; Gamma_PWN = 0.8 X Gamma_core + 0.8.
The photon indices of PWNe are found to fall in the range of 1.3 < Gamma_PWN <
2.3. We propose that the morphological and spectral characteristics of the
pulsars observed herein seem to indicate consistent emission mechanisms common
to all young pulsars. We point out that the previous spectral results obtained
for most X-ray pulsars are likely contaminated by PWN emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 467 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium distribution functions of a homogeneous multicomponent gas


  It is shown that the partial temperatures of a homogeneous multicomponent gas
mixture in the thermodynamical equilibrium cannot be equal to each other. New
general solutions for equilibrium distribution functions of the multicomponent
mixture are found. Parameters (including partial temperatures) involved in
these solutions are determined by means of physical conditions which follow
from a notion of the stable thermodynamical equilibrium. The found relations of
the partial temperatures to the mean mixture temperature are dependent on the
molecular weights and concentrations of the components. Some possible
consequences of the developed approach are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95415 </DOCNO>
Manifolds with non-stable fundamental groups, at infinity


  The notion of an open collar is generalized to that of a pseudo-collar.
Important properties and examples are discussed. The main result gives
conditions which guarantee the existence of a pseudo-collar structure on the
end of an open n-manifold (n > 6). This paper may be viewed as a generalization
of Siebenmann's famous collaring theorem to open manifolds with non-stable
fundamental group systems at infinity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3058 </DOCNO>
A Cooperative Stochastic Model of Gene Expression


  Recent experiments at the level of a single cell have shown that gene
expression occurs in abrupt stochastic bursts. Further, in an ensemble of
cells, the levels of proteins produced have a bimodal distribution. In a large
fraction of cells, the gene expression is either off or has a high value. We
propose a stochastic model of gene expression the essential features of which
are stochasticity and cooperative binding of RNA polymerase. The model can
reproduce the bimodal behaviour seen in experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2962 </DOCNO>
Possibility of the investigation of the X-ray diffraction patterns for


  In view of the strong anisotropy of oxygen diffusion in high-Tc ceramic
YBa2Cu3Ox, it is supposed that a polycrystalline sample of this material can be
presented as consisting of crystal grains where each grain was formed by a
certain sequence of layers with tetragonal or orthorhombic phase structure. The
theory of scattering by mixed-layer crystals was taken as a basis for
calculating theoretical X-ray patterns for different sequences of the layers.
Some modifications were made in the theory due to crystal structure features of
the YBa2Cu3Ox phases. The results obtained agreed quantitatively with data
published in many papers and can be used for interpreting the X-ray patterns
from ceramics with different oxygen stoichiometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95609 </DOCNO>
Weighted norm inequalities for Calderon-Zygmund operators without


  Let \mu be a Borel measure on \R^d which may be non doubling. The only
condition that \mu must satisfy is \mu(B(x,r))\leq Cr^n for all x\in\R^d, r>0
and for some fixed n with 0<n\leq d. In this paper we introduce a maximal
operator N, which coincides with the maximal Hardy-Littlewood operator if
\mu(B(x,r))\approx r^n for x\in\supp(\mu), and we show that all n-dimensional
Calderon-Zygmund operators are bounded on L^p(w d\mu) if and only if N is
bounded on L^p(w d\mu), for a fixed p\in(1,\infty). Also, we prove that this
happens if and only if some conditions of Sawyer type hold. This type of
weights do not satisfy a reverse Holder inequality, in general, but some kind
of self improving property still holds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124818 </DOCNO>
Observational Tests and Predictive Stellar Evolution


  We compare eighteen binary systems with precisely determined radii and masses
from 23 to 1.1 M_sol, and stellar evolution models produced with our newly
revised code TYCHO. ``Overshooting'' and rotational mixing were suppressed in
order to establish a baseline for isolating these and other hydrodynamic
effects. Acceptable coeval fits are found for sixteen pairs without optimizing
for heavy element or helium abundance. The precision of these tests is limited
by the accuracies of the observed effective temperatures. High dispersion
spectra and detailed atmospheric modeling should give more accurate effective
temperatures and heavy element abundances. PV Cas, a peculiar early A system,
EK Cep B, a known post-T Tauri star, and RS Cha, a member of a young OB
association, are matched by pre-main sequence models. Predicted mass loss
agrees with upper limits from IUE for CW Cep A and B. Relatively poor fits are
obtained for binaries having at least one component in the mass range 1.7 <
M/M_sol <2.6, whose evolution is sensitive to mixing. These discrepancies are
robust and consistent with additional mixing in real stars. The predicted
apsidal motion implies that massive star models are systematically less
centrally condensed than the real stars. If these effects are due to
overshooting, then the overshooting parameter alpha_OV increases with stellar
mass. The apsidal motion constants are controlled by radiative opacity under
conditions close to those directly measured in laser experiments, making this
test more stringent than possible before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41845 </DOCNO>
Post-LEP CMSSM Benchmarks for Supersymmetry


  We introduce a set of CMSSM benchmark scenarios that take into account the
constraints from LEP, Tevatron, $b \to s \gamma$, $g_\mu - 2$ and cosmology.
The benchmark points are chosen to span the range of different generic
possibilities, including focus-point models, points where coannihilation
effects on the relic density are important, and points with rapid relic
annihilation via direct-channel Higgs poles, as well as points with smaller
sparticle masses. We make initial estimates of the physics reaches of different
accelerators, including the LHC, and $e^+ e^-$ colliders in the sub- and
multi-TeV ranges. We stress the complementarity of hadron and lepton colliders,
with the latter favoured for non-strongly-interacting particles and precision
measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98293 </DOCNO>
A pseudo-Daugavet property for narrow projections in Lorentz spaces


  Let $X$ be a rearrangement-invariant space. An operator $T: X\to X$ is called
narrow if for each measurable set $A$ and each $\epsilon > 0$ there exists $x
\in X$ with $x^2= \chi_A, \int x d \mu = 0$ and $\| Tx \| < \epsilon$. In
particular all compact operators are narrow. We prove that if $X$ is a Lorentz
function space $L_{w,p}$ on [0,1] with $p>2$, then there exists a constant
$k_X>1$ so that for every narrow projection $P$ on $L_{w,p}$ $\| Id - P \| \geq
k_X. $ This generalizes earlier results on $L_p$ and partially answers a
question of E. M. Semenov. Moreover we prove that every rearrangement-invariant
function space $X$ with an absolutely continuous norm contains a complemented
subspace isomorphic to $X$ which is the range of a narrow projection and a
non-narrow projection, which gives a negative answer to a question of A.Plichko
and M.Popov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96217 </DOCNO>
Generating a random sink-free orientation in quadratic time


  A sink-free orientation of a finite undirected graph is a choice of
orientation for each edge such that every vertex has out-degree at least 1.
Bubley and Dyer (1997) use Markov Chain Monte Carlo to sample approximately
from the uniform distribution on sink-free orientations in time O(m^3 log
(1/epsilon)), where m is the number of edges and epsilon the degree of
approximation. Huber (1998) uses coupling from the past to obtain an exact
sample in time O(m^4). We present a simple randomized algorithm inspired by
Wilson's cycle popping method which obtains an exact sample in mean time at
most O(nm), where n is the number of vertices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41445 </DOCNO>
On the nuclear dependence of the mu-e conversion branching ratio


  The variation of the coherent branching ratio $R_{\mu e}$ (ratio of the
$\mu^-\to e^-$ reaction rate divided by the total muon-capture rate) through
the periodic table is studied by using exact muon wave functions. It was found
that, by using very heavy nuclei (e.g. \nuc{197}Au, the SINDRUM II target) as
$\mu^-\to e^-$ conversion stopping-targets, the above ratio is favored by a
factor of about four to five than by using light ones (e.g. \nuc{48}Ti, chosen
as PRIME target).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96570 </DOCNO>
Homogeneity of the pure state space for the separable nuclear


  We prove that the pure state space is homogeneous under the action of the
group of asymptotically inner automorphisms for all the separable simple
nuclear C*-algebras. If simplicity is not assumed for the C*-algebras, the set
of pure states whose GNS representations are faithful is homogeneous for the
above action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96082 </DOCNO>
Exponential equations for the quantum "az+b" group


  We consider quantum group theory on the Hilbert space level. We find all
solutions for scalar and general exponential equations for the quantum ``az+b''
group. It turns out that there is a simple formula for all of them involving
the quantum exponential function F_N. The very interesting theorem we prove by
the way is the one on the existence of normal extension of certain sum of
normal operators.
  To put it differently, we find all unitary representations of the braided
quantum group related to the quantum ``az+b'' group. This is the most difficult
result needed to classify all unitary representations of the quantum ``az+b''
group. Eventually this enables us to give a formula for all unitary
representations of the quantum ``ax+b'' group in our next paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126973 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of the aspherical axisymmetric gravo-magnetic


  We find exact and explicit solutions of the axisymmetric MHD equations of a
self-gravitating polytropic gas. These solutions are able to describe a flat
(uniform density) subsonic internal core, contracting homologously, of a
collapsing cloud with aspherical pressure, aspherical gravitationnal potential,
magnetic field and rotation. Two of the solutions describing the collapse of a
rotating and magnetized cloud present outflow at the pole or at the equator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81114 </DOCNO>
Four Flavor Finite Temperature Phase Transition with HYP Action: Where


  We study the finite temperature phase transition of four flavor staggered
fermions with hypercubic fat link actions on N_t=4 and N_t=6 temporal lattices.
Our fat links are constructed with hypercubic blocking (HYP) and therefore are
very compact. We present a new algorithm for simulating fermions coupled to HYP
fat links. The algorithm has a simple form based on the standard overrelaxation
and heatbath updatings for the pure gauge action. We observe that as we
increase the smoothness of the gauge fields by changing the parameters of the
blocking the very pronounced first order phase transition of the thin link
action becomes weaker and moves to physically uninteresting values of the gauge
coupling. With our smoothest HYP action we do not find any indication of a
phase transition in the accessible temperature range on the N_t=4 or 6 lattices
even at quark masses close to the physical light quark mass. We argue that the
observed difference in the phase diagram is due to the improved flavor symmetry
of the smeared link actions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5554 </DOCNO>
Estimating the Strength of an Elastic Network Using Linear Response


  Disordered networks of fragile elastic elements have been proposed as a model
for inner porous regions of large bones [Gunaratne et.al., cond-mat/0009221,
http://xyz.lanl.gov]. In numerical studies, weakening of such networks is seen
to be accompanied by reductions in the fraction of load carrying bonds. This
observation is used to show that the ratio $\Gamma$ of linear responses of
networks to DC and AC driving can be used as a surrogate for their strength.
The possibility of using $\Gamma$ as a non-invasive diagnostic of osteoporotic
bone is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1423 </DOCNO>
Phonon Density-of-States in MgB2


  We report inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the phonon
density-of-states in Mg11B2, which has a superconducting transition at 39.2 K.
The acoustic phonons extend in energy to 36 meV, and there are highly
dispersive optic branches peaking at 54, 78, 89 and 97 meV. A simple Born-von
Karman model is able to reproduce the mode energies, and provides an estimate
of the electron-phonon coupling of lambda~0.9. The estimated boron and
magnesium contributions to the isotope effect are in qualitative agreement with
experiment. The data confirm that a conventional phonon mechanism, with
moderately strong electron-phonon coupling, can explain the observed
superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 9 </DOCNO>
Eliminating Thermal Violin Spikes from LIGO Noise


  We have developed a scheme for reducing LIGO suspension thermal noise close
to violin-mode resonances. The idea is to monitor directly the
thermally-induced motion of a small portion of (a ``point'' on) each suspension
fiber, thereby recording the random forces driving the test-mass motion close
to each violin-mode frequency. One can then suppress the thermal noise by
optimally subtracting the recorded fiber motions from the measured motion of
the test mass, i.e., from the LIGO output. The proposed method is a
modification of an analogous but more technically difficult scheme by
Braginsky, Levin and Vyatchanin for reducing broad-band suspension thermal
noise. The efficiency of our method is limited by the sensitivity of the sensor
used to monitor the fiber motion. If the sensor has no intrinsic noise (i.e.
has unlimited sensitivity), then our method allows, in principle, a complete
removal of violin spikes from the thermal-noise spectrum. We find that in
LIGO-II interferometers, in order to suppress violin spikes below the
shot-noise level, the intrinsic noise of the sensor must be less than
\~2*10^{-13}cm/sqrt(Hz). This sensitivity is two orders of magnitude greater
than that of currently available sensors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168592 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of effective mass Schroedinger equations


  We outline a general method of obtaining exact solutions of Schroedinger
equations with a position dependent effective mass. Exact solutions of several
potentials including shape invariant potentials have also been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86171 </DOCNO>
Chromaticity effects in microlensing by wormholes


  Chromaticity effects introduced by the finite source size in microlensing
events by presumed natural wormholes are studied. It is shown that these
effects provide a specific signature that allow to discriminate between
ordinary and negative mass lenses through the spectral analysis of the
microlensing events. Both galactic and extragalactic situations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123909 </DOCNO>
General Properties of Recurrent Bursts from SGRs


  General properties of SGR bursts are considered using observational data
collected in the Konus catalog of SGR activity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76628 </DOCNO>
Unitarity of Compactified Five Dimensional Yang-Mills Theory


  Compactified five dimensional Yang-Mills theory results in an effective
four-dimensional theory with a Kaluza-Klein (KK) tower of massive vector
bosons. We explicitly demonstrate that the scattering of the massive vector
bosons is unitary at tree-level for low energies, and analyze the relationship
between the unitarity violation scale in the KK theory and the
nonrenormalizability scale in the five dimensional gauge theory. In the
compactified theory, low-energy unitarity is ensured through an interlacing
cancellation among contributions from the relevant KK levels. Such
cancellations can be understood using a Kaluza-Klein equivalence theorem which
results from the geometric ``Higgs'' mechanism of compactification. In these
theories, the unitarity violation is delayed to energy scales higher than the
customary limit through the introduction of additional vector bosons rather
than Higgs scalars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148832 </DOCNO>
Delocalized membrane model


  A model considered in the paper generalizes membrane theory to the case of
delocalized membranes. The model admits covariant formulation, which involves
no constraints. It generalizes the notion of membrane to the case of smooth
distribution of non-intersecting membranes. A generalization of p-brane
solution with delocalized membranes is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96489 </DOCNO>
Arithmetic theory of q-difference equations. The q-analogue of


  Grothendieck's conjecture on p-curvatures predicts that an arithmetic
differential equation has a full set of algebraic solutions if and only if its
reduction in positive characteristic has a full set of rational solutions for
almost all finite places. It is equivalent to Katz's conjectural description of
the generic Galois group. In this paper we prove an analogous statement for
arithmetic q-difference equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77040 </DOCNO>
Comment on the Pion Pole Part of the Light-by-Light Contribution to the


  We comment on the recent calculations of the pion pole part of the
light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment and we point
out where the analysis in our previous work was mistaken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6392 </DOCNO>
High Temperature Expansion for the SU(n) Heisenberg Model in One


  Thermodynamic properties of the SU($n$) Heisenberg model in one dimension is
studied by means of high-temperature expansion for arbitrary $n$. The specific
heat up to $O[(\beta J)^{23}]$ and the correlation function up to $O[(\beta
J)^{18}]$ are derived with $\beta J$ being the antiferromagnetic exchange in
units of temperature. It is found for $n>2$ that the specific heat shows a
shoulder in the high-temperature side of a peak. The origin of this structure
is clarified by deriving the temperature dependence of the correlation
function. With decreasing temperature, the short-range correlation with
two-site periodicity develops first, and then another correlation with $n$-site
periodicity at lower temperature. This behavior is in contrast to that of the
inverse square interaction model, where the specific heat shows a single peak
according to the exact solution. Our algorithm has an advantage that neither
computational time nor memory depends on the multiplicity $n$ per site; the
series coefficients are obtained as explicit functions of $n$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76625 </DOCNO>
Invisible charginos and neutralinos from gauge boson fusion : a way to


  We point out that vector boson fusion (VBF) at the Large Hadron Collider
(LHC) can lead to useful signals for charginos and neutralinos in
supersymmetric scenarios where these particles are almost invisible. The
proposed signals are just two forward jets with missing transverse energy. It
is shown that in this way one can put by far the strongest constraint on the
parameter space of a theory with anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking (AMSB)
at the LHC. In addition, scenarios where the lightest neutralinos and charginos
are Higgsino-like can give signals of the above type.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3235 </DOCNO>
Tunneling conductance of normal metal / $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-wave


  In order to clarify the influence of (the presence of) the broken
time-reversal symmetry state (BTRSS) induced near the interface, tunneling
conductance spectra in normal metal / $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-wave superconductor
junctions are calculated on the basis of the quasiclassical Green's function
method. The spatial dependence of the pair potential in the superconductor side
is determined self-consistently. We discuss two types of the symmetry on the
BTRSS; i) $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$+is-wave state and ii)
$d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$+i$d_{xy}$-wave state. It is shown that the amplitude of the
subdominant component (is-wave or i$d_{xy}$-wave) is quite sensitive to the
transmission coefficient of the junction. As the results, the splitting of the
zero-bias conductance peak due to the BTRSS inducement is detectable only at
junctions with small transmission coefficients for both cases. When the
transmission coefficients are relatively large, the explicit peak splitting
does not occur and the difference in the two cases appears in the height of the
zero-bias peaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73808 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein Theories and the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Muon


  We discuss nonminimal couplings of fermions to the electromagnetic field,
which generically appear in models with extra dimensions. We consider models
where the electromagnetic field is generated by the Kaluza-Klein mechanism. The
nonminimal couplings contribute at tree-level to anomalous magnetic and
electric dipole moments of fermions. We use recent measurements of these
quantities to put limits on the parameters of models with extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168396 </DOCNO>
Uniqueness of a convex sum of products of projectors


  Relative to a given factoring of the Hilbert space, the decomposition of an
operator into a convex sum of products over sets of distinct 1-projectors, one
set linearly independent, is unique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174867 </DOCNO>
Equilibrium, Isoscaling and Nuclear Isotope Thermometry Related to 1 Gev


  Yields of isotopically separated light fragments and residual nuclei produced
in p(1GeV)+A collisions have been analyzed. For both fragmentation and
spallation reactions isotopic scaling, i.e. factorization of the isotope
ratios, was observed. A generalized isoscaling for arbitrary combinations of
two systems has been demonstrated. The average isotopic temperature about 4 MeV
for fragmentation process was found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5450 </DOCNO>
Rest masses of elementary particles as effective masses at zero


  We introduce a new approach to generate dinamically the masses of elementary
particles in the $SU(3)_C \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ Standard Model without
Higgs Sector (SMWHS). We start from the assumption that rest masses correspond
to the effective masses of particles in an elementary quantum fluid at zero
temperature. These effective masses are obtained through radiative corrections,
at one-loop order, in the context of the real time formalism of quantum field
theory at finite temperature and density. The quantum fluid is described in
structure and dynamics by the SMWHS and it is characterized by non-vanishing
chemical potentials associated to the different fermion flavour species.
Starting from the experimental mass values for quarks and leptons, taking the
top quark mass as $m_t = 172.916$ GeV, we can compute, as an evidence of the
consistency of our approach, the experimental central mass values for the
$W^{\pm}$ and $Z^0$ gauge bosons. Subsequently we introduce in the SMWHS a
massless scalar field leading to Yukawa coupling terms in the Lagrangian
density. For this case we can also compute the experimental mass central values
of the $W^{\pm}$ and $Z^0$ gauge bosons using a top quark mass value in the
range 169.2 GeV $< m_{t} < 178.6$ GeV; this range for the top quark mass
implies that the scalar boson mass must be in the range $0 < M_{H} < 152$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41608 </DOCNO>
Summary of the structure function session at PHOTON 2001


  The status of and ongoing developments in the measurements and theoretical
studies of the structure of the photon have been presented at the PHOTON 2001
conference in Ascona. The results presented in the structure function session
are briefly summarised.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124804 </DOCNO>
Implications of modes of star formation for the overall dynamics of


  One of the present concepts for the onset of massive star formation is the
Kennicutt criterion. This relates the onset of massive star formation to a
general gravitational instability of the gas disks of spiral galaxies. It is
often overlooked, however that such gravitational instabilities of the gas
disks have severe implications for the overall stability of the gas and star
disks of spiral galaxies. I show by numerical simulations of the evolution of a
combined gas and star disk that the violation of the stability condition
induces violent dynamical evolution of the combined system. In particular the
star disk heats up on time scales less than a Gyr to unrealistic high values of
the Toomre stability parameter Q. The morphologies of both the star and gas
disk resemble then no longer observed morphologies of spiral galaxies. Star
formation of stars on low velocity dispersion orbits would lead to dynamical
cooling of the disks to more realistic states. However, the required star
formation rate is extremely high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128682 </DOCNO>
Features in the primordial power spectrum: constraints from the CMB and


  We allow a more general (step-function) form of the primordial power spectrum
than the usual featureless power-law Harrison--Zeldovich (with spectral index
n=1) power spectrum, and fit it to the latest Cosmic Microwave Background data
sets. Although the best-fitting initial power spectrum can differ significantly
from the power-law shape, and contains a bump at scales k ~ 0.003 h/Mpc, we
find Omega_m to be approximately 0.24, consistent with previous analyses that
assume power-law initial fluctuations. We also explore the feasibility of the
2dF and SDSS galaxy redshifts surveys to observe these features, and we find
that even if features exist in the primoridal power spectrum, they are washed
out by the window functions of the redshift surveys on scales k< 0.03 h/Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1153 </DOCNO>
Abelian threshold models and forced weakening


  Mean field slider block models have provided an important entry point for
understanding the behavior of discrete driven threshold systems. We present a
method of constructing these models with an arbitrary frictional weakening
function. This `forced weakening' method unifies several existing approaches,
and multiplies the range of possible weakening laws. Forced weakening also
results in Abelian rupture propagation, so that an avalanche size depends only
on the initial stress distribution. We demonstrate how this may be used to
accurately predict the long-time event statistics of a simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97510 </DOCNO>
A note on a theorem of Bowditch


  Bowditch showed that a one-ended hyperbolic group which is not a triangle
group splits over a two-ended group if and only if its boundary has a local cut
point. As a corollary one obtains that splittings of hyperbolic groups over
two-ended groups are preserved under quasi-isometries. In this note we give a
more direct proof of this corollary.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41588 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Xi^+_c Lifetime


  The Xi^+_c lifetime is measured using 9.0 fb^-1 of e+e- annihilation data
collected on and just below the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the CLEO II.V
detector at CESR. This is the first measurement of the Xi^+_c lifetime from a
collider experiment. Using an unbinned maximum likelihood fit, the Xi^+_c
lifetime is measured to be 503 +/- 47 (stat.) +/- 18 (syst.) fs. The precision
of this measurement is comparable to previous measurements carried out by fixed
target experiments with different sources of systematic uncertainties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127121 </DOCNO>
The neutron radii of Lead and neutron stars


  A new relation between the neutron skin of a heavy nucleus and the radius of
a neutron star is proposed: the larger the neutron skin of the nucleus the
larger the radius of the star. Relativistic models that reproduce a variety of
ground-state observables can not determine uniquely the neutron skin of a heavy
nucleus. Thus, a large range of neutron skins is generated by supplementing the
models with nonlinear couplings between isoscalar and isovector mesons. We
illustrate how the correlation between the neutron skin and the radius of the
star can be used to place important constraints on the equation of state and
how it may help elucidate the existence of a phase transition in the interior
of the neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87029 </DOCNO>
Point particle in general background fields vs. free gauge theories of


  Point particle may interact to traceless symmetric tensors of arbitrary rank.
Free gauge theories of traceless symmetric tensors are constructed, that
provides a possibility for a new type of interactions, when particles exchange
by those gauge fields. The gauge theories are parameterized by the particle's
mass m and otherwise are unique for each rank s. For m=0, they are local gauge
models with actions of 2s-th order in derivatives, known in d=4 as "pure spin",
or "conformal higher spin" actions by Fradkin and Tseytlin. For nonzero m, each
rank-s model undergoes a unique nonlocal deformation which entangles fields of
all ranks, starting from s. There exists a nonlocal transform which maps m > 0
theories onto m=0 ones, however, this map degenerates at some m > 0 fields
whose polarizations are determined by zeros of Bessel functions. Conformal
covariance properties of the m=0 models are analyzed, the space of gauge fields
is shown to admit an action of an infinite-dimensional "conformal higher spin"
Lie algebra which leaves gauge transformations intact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128236 </DOCNO>
Temperature Map of the Perseus Cluster of Galaxies Observed with ASCA


  We present two-dimensional temperature map of the Perseus cluster based on
multi-pointing observations with the ASCA GIS, covering a region with a
diameter of ~2^\circ. By correcting for the effect of the X-ray telescope
response, the temperatures were estimated from hardness ratios and the complete
temperature structure of the cluster with a spatial resolution of about 100 kpc
was obtained for the first time. There is an extended cool region with a
diameter of ~20' and kT ~5 keV at about 20' east from the cluster center. This
region also shows higher surface brightness and is surrounded by a large
ring-like hot region with kT > 7 keV, and likely to be a remnant of a merger
with a poor cluster. Another extended cool region is extending outward from the
IC 310 subcluster. These features and the presence of several other hot and
cool blobs suggest that this rich cluster has been formed as a result of a
repetition of many subcluster mergers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96264 </DOCNO>
Unramified alternating extensions of quadratic fields


  We exhibit, for n at least 5, infinitely many quadratic number fields
admitting unramified degree n extensions with prescribed signature whose normal
closures have Galois group A_n. This generalizes a result of Uchida and
Yamamoto, which did not include the ability to restrict the signature, and a
result of Yamamura, which was the case n=5.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128407 </DOCNO>
Evolution of Li, Be and B in the Galaxy


  In this paper we study the production of Li, Be and B nuclei by Galactic
cosmic ray spallation processes. We include three kinds of processes: (i)
spallation by light cosmic rays impinging on interstellar CNO nuclei (direct
processes); (ii) spallation by CNO cosmic ray nuclei impinging on interstellar
p and 4He (inverse processes); and (iii) alpha-alpha fusion reactions. The
latter dominate the production of 6Li and 7Li. We calculate production rates
for a closed-box Galactic model, verifying the quadratic dependence of the Be
and B abundances for low values of Z. These are quite general results and are
known to disagree with observations. We then show that the multi-zone
multi-population model we used previously for other aspects of Galactic
evolution produces quite good agreement with the linear trend observed at low
metallicities without fine tuning. We argue that reported discrepancies between
theory and observations do not represent a nucleosynthetic problem, but instead
are the consequences of inaccurate treatments of Galactic evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97821 </DOCNO>
Hexagonal Circle Patterns and Integrable Systems. Patterns with Constant


  Hexagonal circle patterns with constant intersection angles are introduced
and studied. It is shown that they are described by discrete integrable systems
of Toda type. Conformally symmetric patterns are classified. Circle pattern
analogs of holomorphic mappings $z^c$ and $\log z$ are constructed as special
isomonodromic solutions. Circle patterns studied in the paper include Schramm's
circle patterns with the combinatorics of the square grid as a special case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98243 </DOCNO>
Idempotents of the Hecke algebra become Schur functions in the skein of


  The Hecke algebra H_n contains well known idempotents E_{\lambda} which are
indexed by Young diagrams with n cells. They were originally described by
Gyoja. A skein theoretical description of E_{\lambda} was given by Aiston and
Morton. The closure of E_{\lambda} becomes an element Q_{\lambda} of the skein
of the annulus. In this skein, they are known to obey the same multiplication
rule as the symmetric Schur functions s_{\lambda}. But previous proofs of this
fact used results about quantum groups which were far beyond the scope of skein
theory. Our elementary proof uses only skein theory and basic algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113988 </DOCNO>
An All-Cryogenic THz Transmission Spectrometer


  This paper describes a THz transmission spectrometer for the spectral range
of 2-65 cm^-1 (100 GHz to 2 THz) with a spectral resolution of at least 1.8
cm^-1 (50 GHz) where the source, sample, and detector are all fully contained
in a cryogenic environment. Cyclotron emission from a two-dimensional electron
gas heated with an electrical current serves as a magnetic field tunable
source. The spectrometer is demonstrated at 4.2 K by measuring the resonant
cyclotron absorption of a second two dimensional electron gas. Unique aspects
of the spectrometer are that 1) an ultra-broadband detector is used and 2) the
emitter is run quasi-continuously with a chopping frequency of only 1 Hz. Since
optical coupling to room temperature components is not necessary, this
technique is compatible with ultra-low temperature (sub 100 mK) operation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168159 </DOCNO>
The no-signaling condition and quantum dynamics


  We show that the basic dynamical rules of quantum physics can be derived from
its static properties and the condition that superluminal communication is
forbidden. More precisely, the fact that the dynamics has to be described by
linear completely positive maps on density matrices is derived from the
following assumptions: (1) physical states are described by rays in a Hilbert
space, (2) probabilities for measurement outcomes at any given time are
calculated according to the usual trace rule, (3) superluminal communication is
excluded. This result also constrains possible non-linear modifications of
quantum physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168810 </DOCNO>
Impossibility of comparing and sorting quantum states


  Is there any point of principle that prohibits us from doing one or more
forms of quantum information processing? It is now well known that an unknown
quantum state can neither be copied nor deleted perfectly. Given a set of
states which are not necessarily orthogonal, is it possible to compare any two
states from the set, given some reasonable ordering of such states? Is it
possible to sort them in some specific order? In the context of quantum
computation, it is shown here that there is no quantum circuit implementing a
unitary transformation, for comparing and sorting an unrestricted set of
quantum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169316 </DOCNO>
Time, Quantum Mechanics, and Probability


  A "geometric" intepretation of probability is proposed, modelled on the
treatment of tense in 4-dimensional spacetime. It is applied to Everett's
approach to quantum mechanics, as formulated in terms of consistent histories.
Standard objections to Everett's approach, based on the difficulties of
interpreting probability in its terms, are considered in detail, but found to
be wanting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98787 </DOCNO>
A Geometric characterization of Arithmetic Varieties


  A result of Belyi can be stated as follows. Every curve defined over a number
field can be expressed as a cover of the projective line with branch locus
contained in a rigid divisor. We define the notion of geometrically rigid
divisors in surfaces and then show that every surface defined over a number
field can be expressed as a cover of the projective plane with branch locus
contained in a geometrically rigid divisor in the plane. The main result is the
characterisation of arithmetically defined divisors in the plane as
geometrically rigid divisors in the plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150278 </DOCNO>
Dirac Equation in Scale Relativity


  The theory of scale relativity provides a new insight into the origin of
fundamental laws in physics. Its application to microphysics allows to recover
quantum mechanics as mechanics on a non-differentiable (fractal) space-time.
The Schr\"odinger and Klein-Gordon equations have already been demonstrated as
geodesic equations in this framework. We propose here a new development of the
intrinsic properties of this theory to obtain, using the mathematical tool of
Hamilton's bi-quaternions, a derivation of the Dirac equation, which, in
standard physics, is merely postulated. The bi-quaternionic nature of the Dirac
spinor is obtained by adding to the differential (proper) time symmetry
breaking, which yields the complex form of the wave-function in the
Schr\"odinger and Klein-Gordon equations, the breaking of further symmetries,
namely, the differential coordinate symmetry ($dx^{\mu} \leftrightarrow -
dx^{\mu}$) and the parity and time reversal symmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73679 </DOCNO>
Extracting Weak Phase Information from B -> V_1 V_2 Decays


  We describe a new method for extracting weak, CP-violating phase information,
with no hadronic uncertainties, from an angular analysis of B -> V_1 V_2
decays, where V_1 and V_2 are vector mesons. The quantity $\sin^2 (2 \phi_1 +
\phi_3)$ (\phi_1=\beta and \phi_3=\gamma) can be cleanly obtained from the
study of decays such as B_d^0(t) -> D^{*\pm} \rho^\mp, D^{*\pm} a_1^{\mp},
D^{*0} K^{*0}, etc. Similarly, one can use B_s^0(t) -> D_s^{*\pm} K^{*\mp} or
even B\pm -> D^{*0}K^*\pm to extract $\sin^2 \phi_3$. There are no penguin
contributions to these decays. It is possible that $\sin^2 (2\phi_1 + \phi_3)$
will be the second function of CP phases, after $\sin 2\phi_1$, to be measured
at B-factories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75270 </DOCNO>
Physics Potential and Prospects for CUORE and CUORICINO experiments


  The CUORE (Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events) experiment
projects to construct and operate an array of 1000 cryogenic thermal detectors
of a mass of 760 g each to investigate rare events physics, in particular,
double beta decay and non baryonic particle dark matter. A first step towards
CUORE is CUORICINO, an array of 56 of such bolometers, currently being
installed in the Gran Sasso. In this paper we report the physics potential of
both stages of the experiment regarding neutrinoless double beta decay of
130Te, WIMP searches and solar axions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123791 </DOCNO>
A tidal extension in the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy


  We report the detection of main-sequence and blue horizontal-branch stars of
the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy beyond its tidal radius, indicating the
existence of a possible tidal extension in this satellite of the Milky Way.
This tidal extension could spread out well beyond the area covered in our
survey (R>80 arcmin),as suggested by the presence of a ``break'' to a shallower
slope observed in its density profile. The V-band surface brightness for this
possible tidal extension range from 29.8 to 31.5 mag arcsec^-2. The area
covered in our survey (~1.65 deg^2) is not enough to discriminate if this
extra-tidalpopulation is part of a tidal tail or an extended halo around the
galaxy.
  The existence of this tidal extension in Ursa Minor indicates that this
satellite is currently undergoing a tidal disruption process by the Milky Way.
We discuss the possibility of a tidal origin for the high mass-to-light ratio
observed in this galaxy on the basis on our result and recent theoretical
simulations of the tidal disruption of dwarf satellites in the Galactic halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41047 </DOCNO>
The D0 Run II Detector and Physics Prospects


  The D0 Detector at Fermilab is currently undergoing an extensive upgrade to
participate in the Run II data taking which shall begin on March 1, 2001. The
design of the detector meets the requirements of the high luminosity
environment provided by the accelerator. This paper describes the upgraded
detector subsystems and gives a brief outline of the physics prospects
associated with the upgrade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86269 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Models With Variable G an Lambda and Bulk viscosity


  We have analyzed a nonsingular model with a variable cosmological term
following the Carvalho {\it et al}. ansatz. The model was shown to approximate
to the model of Freese {\it et al}. in one direction and to the \"{O}zer-Taha
in the other. We have then included the effect of viscosity in this cosmology,
as this effect has not been considered before. The analysis showed that this
viscous effect could be important with a present contribution to the cosmic
pressure, at most, of order of that of radiation. The model puts a stronger
upper bound on the baryonic matter than that required by the standard model. A
variable gravitational and cosmological constant were then introduced in a
scenario which conserves the energy and momentum in the presence of bulk
viscosity. The result of the analysis reveals that various models could be
viscous. A noteworthy result is that some nonsingular closed models evolve
asymptotically into a singular viscous one. The considered models solve for
many of the standard model problems. Though the introduction of bulk viscosity
results in the creation of particles, this scenario conserves energy and
momentum. As in the standard model the entropy remains constant. We have not
explained the generation of bulk viscosity but some workers attributes this to
neutrinos. Though the role of viscosity today is minute it could, nevertheless,
have had an important contribution at early times. We have shown that these
models encompass many of the old and recently proposed models, in particular,
Brans-Dicke, Dirac, Freese {\it et al}., Berman, Abdel Rahman and Kalligas {\it
et al}. models. Hence we claim that the introduction of bulk viscosity enriches
the adopted cosmology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1460 </DOCNO>
Diffusing-wave spectroscopy of nonergodic media


  We introduce an elegant method which allows the application of diffusing-wave
spectroscopy (DWS) to nonergodic, solid-like samples. The method is based on
the idea that light transmitted through a sandwich of two turbid cells can be
considered ergodic even though only the second cell is ergodic. If absorption
and/or leakage of light take place at the interface between the cells, we
establish a so-called "multiplication rule", which relates the intensity
autocorrelation function of light transmitted through the double-cell sandwich
to the autocorrelation functions of individual cells by a simple
multiplication. To test the proposed method, we perform a series of DWS
experiments using colloidal gels as model nonergodic media. Our experimental
data are consistent with the theoretical predictions, allowing quantitative
characterization of nonergodic media and demonstrating the validity of the
proposed technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124983 </DOCNO>
HST observations of the LMC compact HII region N11A


  We present a study of the LMC compact HII region N11A using Hubble Space
Telescope imaging observations which resolve N11A and reveal its unknown
nebular and stellar features. The presence of a sharp ionization front
extending over more than 4'' (1 pc) and fine structure filaments as well as
larger loops indicate an environment typical of massive star formation regions,
in agreement with high [OIII]/Hb line ratios. N11A is a young region, as
deduced from its morphology, reddening, and especially high local concentration
of dust, as indicated by the Balmer decrement map. Our observations also reveal
a cluster of stars lying towards the central part of N11A. Five of the stars
are packed in an area less than 2'' (0.5 pc), with the most luminous one being
a mid O type star. N11A appears to be the most evolved compact HII region in
the Magellanic Clouds so far studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 996 </DOCNO>
The Phase Dynamics of Earthquakes: Implications for Forecasting in


  We analyze the space-time patterns of earthquake occurrence in southern
California using a new method that treats earthquakes as a phase dynamical
system. The system state vector is used to obtain a probability measure for
current and future earthquake occurrence. Thousands of statistical tests
indicate the method has considerable forecast skill. We emphasize that the
method is not a model, and there are no unconstrained or free parameters to be
determined by fits to training data sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129526 </DOCNO>
PN and galactic chemical evolution


  Recent applications of PN to the study of galactic chemical evolution are
reviewed, such as PN and stellar populations, abundance gradients, including
their space and time variations, determination of the He/H radial gradient and
of the helium-to-metals enrichment ratio, and the [O/Fe] x [Fe/H] relation in
the solar neighbourhood and in the galactic bulge.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148766 </DOCNO>
Probe Brane Dynamics and the Cosmological Constant


  Recently a brane world perspective on the cosmological constant and the
hierarchy problems was presented. Here, we elaborate on some aspects of that
particular scenario and discuss the stability of the stationary brane solution
and the dynamics of a probe brane. Even though the brane is unstable under a
small perturbation from its stationary position, such instability is harmless
when the 4-D cosmological constant is very small, as is the case of our
universe. One may also introduce radion stabilizing potentials in a more
realistic scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7334 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of surface tension: application to electrolyte solution


  In this contribution to the special issue of the Journal of Statistical
Physics dedicated to Michael Fisher on his 70'th birthday, I shall review two
thermodynamically distinct routes for obtaining the interfacial tension of
liquid-vapor interfaces in mixtures. A specific application to the calculation
of the excess surface tension of aqueous electrolyte solutions will be
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97737 </DOCNO>
On the asymptotic quadratic growth rate of saddle connections and


  Asymptotic quadratic growth rates of saddle connections and families of
periodic cylinders on translation tori with n marked points are studied. For
any marking the existence of limits of the quadratic growth rate is shown using
elementary methods (not Ratners theorem). We study the growth rate limit as
function of the marking. We give precise formulas for this function in the case
of two marked points and describe the sets where the growth function is maximal
and continuous in any case. For rational two markings we calculate the index of
the Veech group in SL(2,Z) using two different ways.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75220 </DOCNO>
Late decaying axino as CDM and its lifetime bound


  The axino with mass in the GeV region can be cold dark matter(CDM) in the
galactic halo. However, if R-parity is broken, for example by the bilinear
terms $\mu_\alpha$, then axino($\tilde a$) can decay to $\nu+\gamma$. In this
case, the most stringent bound on the axino lifetime comes from the diffuse
photon background and we obtain that the axino lifetime should be greater than
$3.9\times 10^{24}\Omega_{\tilde a}h$ s which amounts to a very small bilinear
R-parity violation, i.e. $\mu_\alpha<1$ keV. This invalidates the atmospheric
neutrino mass generation through bilinear R-violating terms within the context
of axino CDM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3004 </DOCNO>
Charged Excitons of Composite Fermions in the Fractional Quantum Hall


  Charged excitons of composite fermions (CFs) are considered in the fractional
quantum Hall effect. Energies of the charged CF excitons are computed at
$\nu=1/3$ as a function of the size of exciton. We show that the charged CF
exciton with size of roton is lower in energy than the unbound state of a
neutral roton and a lone charge. Therefore we propose that the lowest-energy
excitation of the fractional quantum Hall effect is in fact due to the charged
excitons of composite fermions composed of two CF-particles and one CF-hole. We
believe that charged excitons of composite fermions shed new light on
interpreting the resonant inelastic light scattering experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 60 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Systems with Ideal Dielectric Boundaries: Free Fermion Point and


  A two-component Coulomb gas confined by walls made of ideal dielectric
material is considered. In two dimensions at the special inverse temperature
$\beta = 2$, by using the Pfaffian method, the system is mapped onto a
four-component Fermi field theory with specific boundary conditions. The exact
solution is presented for a semi-infinite geometry of the dielectric wall (the
density profiles, the correlation functions) and for the strip geometry (the
surface tension, a finite-size correction of the grand potential). The
universal finite-size correction of the grand potential is shown to be a
consequence of the good screening properties, and its generalization is derived
for the conducting Coulomb gas confined in a slab of arbitrary dimension $\ge
2$ at any temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2775 </DOCNO>
Field-induced structure transformation in electrorheological solids


  We have computed the local electric field in a body-centered tetragonal (BCT)
lattice of point dipoles via the Ewald-Kornfeld formulation, in an attempt to
examine the effects of a structure transformation on the local field strength.
For the ground state of an electrorheological solid of hard spheres, we
identified a novel structure transformation from the BCT to the face-centered
cubic (FCC) lattices by changing the uniaxial lattice constant c under the
hard sphere constraint. In contrast to the previous results, the local field
exhibits a non-monotonic transition from BCT to FCC. As c increases from the
BCT ground state, the local field initially decreases rapidly towards the
isotropic value at the body-centered cubic lattice, decreases further, reaching
a minimum value and increases, passing through the isotropic value again at an
intermediate lattice, reaches a maximum value and finally decreases to the FCC
value. An experimental realization of the structure transformation is
suggested. Moreover, the change in the local field can lead to a generalized
Clausius-Mossotti equation for the BCT lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 648 </DOCNO>
Tunneling spectroscopy in small grains of superconducting MgB2


  We report on tunneling spectroscopy experiments in small grains of the new
binary intermetallic superconductor MgB2. Experiments have been performed at
2.5 K using a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope. Good fit to the
BCS model is obtained, with a gap value of 2 meV. In the framework of this
model, this value should correspond to a surface critical temperature of 13.2
K. No evidence of gap anisotropy has been found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73964 </DOCNO>
The Implementation of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model in


  We describe the implementation of the MSSM in the diagram generator FeynArts
and the calculational tool FormCalc. This extension allows to perform loop
calculations of MSSM processes almost fully automatically. The actual
implementation has two aspects: The MSSM Feynman rules are specified in a new
model file for FeynArts. The computation of the parameters in the MSSM
Lagrangian from the input parameters is realized as a Fortran subroutine in the
framework of FormCalc. The model file does not depend on the latter, however,
and can be used even if one does not want to continue the calculation with
FormCalc. The Feynman rules have been entered in a very generic way to allow
e.g. scenarios with complex parameters, and have been tested extensively by
reproducing known results for several non-trivial scattering processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96144 </DOCNO>
Refined Cycle Maps


  We explain the theory of refined cycle maps associated to arithmetic mixed
sheaves. This includes the case of arithmetic mixed Hodge structures, and is
closely related to work of Asakura, Beilinson, Bloch, Green, Griffiths,
Mueller-Stach, Murre, Voisin and others.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123518 </DOCNO>
The Taurus Tunable Filter Field Galaxy Survey: Sample Selection and


  Recent evidence suggests a falling volume-averaged star-formation rate (SFR)
over z ~ 1. It is not clear, however, the extent to which the selection of such
samples influences the measurement of this quantity. Using the Taurus Tunable
Filter (TTF) we have obtained an emission-line sample of faint star-forming
galaxies over comparable lookback times: the TTF Field Galaxy Survey. By
selecting through emission-lines, we are screening galaxies through a quantity
that scales directly with star-formation activity for a given choice of initial
mass function. The scanning narrowband technique furnishes a galaxy sample that
differs from traditional broadband-selected surveys in both its volume-limited
nature and selection of galaxies through emission-line flux. Three discrete
wavelength intervals are covered, centered at H-alpha redshifts z = 0.08, 0.24
and 0.39.
  Galaxy characteristics are presented and comparisons made with existing
surveys of both broadband and emission-line selection. When the number-counts
of emission-line objects are compared with those expected on the basis of
existing H-alpha surveys, we find an excess of ~ 3 times at the faintest
limits. While these detections are yet to be independently confirmed,
inspection of the stronger subsample of galaxies detected in both the line and
continuum (line-on-continuum subsample; 13 %) is sufficient to support an
excess population. This increase in the emission-line field population implies
higher star-formation densities over z ~ 0.4. However, further study in the
form of multi-object spectroscopic follow-up is necessary to quantify this and
confirm the faintest detections in the sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5323 </DOCNO>
Statistics of Dynamics of Localized Waves


  The measured distribution of the single-channel delay time of localized
microwave radiation and its correlation with intensity differ sharply from the
behavior of diffusive waves. The delay time is found to increase with
intensity, while its variance is inversely proportional to the fourth root of
the intensity. The distribution of the delay time weighted by the intensity is
found to be a double-sided stretched exponential to the 1/3 power centered at
zero. The correlation between dwell time and intensity provides a dynamical
test of photon localization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98433 </DOCNO>
Embedded spheres and 4-manifolds with spin coverings


  A strategy for constructing an embedded sphere in a 4-manifold realizing a
given homology class which has been successfully applied in the past is to
represent the class as a first step stably by an embedded sphere, i.e. after
adding products of 2-spheres, and to move that sphere back into the original
manifold. In this paper, we study under what conditions the first step of this
approach can be carried out if the 4-manifold at hand is not simply connected.
One of our main results is that there are - apart from the well known Arf
invariant - additional bordism theoretical obstructions to stably representing
homology classes by embedded spheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40850 </DOCNO>
Can experimental tests of Bell inequalities performed with pseudoscalar


  We discuss if experimental tests of Bell inequalities performed with
pseudoscalar mesons (K or B) can be definitive. Our conclusion is that this is
not the case, for the efficiency loophole cannot be eliminated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73121 </DOCNO>
A simple quantum cosmology


  A simple and surprisingly realistic model of the origin of the universe can
be developed using the Friedmann equation from general relativity, elementary
quantum mechanics, and the experimental values of h, c, G and the proton mass.
The model assumes there are N space dimensions (with N > 6) and the potential
constraining the radius r of the invisible N -3 compact dimensions varies as
r^4. In this model, the universe has zero total energy and is created from
nothing. There is no initial singularity. If space-time is eleven dimensional,
as required by M theory, the scalar field corresponding to the size of the
compact dimensions inflates the universe by about 26 orders of magnitude (60
e-folds). If the Hubble constant is 65 km/sec Mpc, the energy density of the
scalar field after inflation results in Omega-sub-Lambda = 0.68, in agreement
with recent astrophysical observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4457 </DOCNO>
A note on cluster methods for strongly correlated electron systems


  We develop, clarify and test various aspects of cluster methods dynamical
mean field methods using a soluble toy model as a benchmark. We find that the
Cellular Dynamical Mean Field Theory (C-DMFT) converges very rapidly and
compare its convergence properties with those of the Dynamical Cluster
Approximation (DCA). We propose and test improved estimators for the lattice
self energy within C-DMFT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5589 </DOCNO>
Vertical transport and electroluminescence in InAs/GaSb/InAs structures:


  We have measured the current-voltage (I-V) of type II InAs/GaSb/InAs double
heterojunctions (DHETs) with 'GaAs like' interface bonding and GaSb thickness
between 0-1200 \AA. A negative differential resistance (NDR) is observed for
all DHETs with GaSb thickness $>$ 60 \AA below which a dramatic change in the
shape of the I-V and a marked hysteresis is observed. The temperature
dependence of the I-V is found to be very strong below this critical GaSb
thickness. The I-V characteristics of selected DHETs are also presented under
hydrostatic pressures up to 11 kbar. Finally, a mid infra-red
electroluminescence is observed at 1 bar with a threshold at the NDR valley
bias. The band profile calculations presented in the analysis are markedly
different to those given in the literature, and arise due to the positive
charge that it is argued will build up in the GaSb layer under bias. We
conclude that the dominant conduction mechanism in DHETs is most likely to
arise out of an inelastic electron-heavy-hole interaction similar to that
observed in single heterojunctions (SHETs) with 'GaAs like' interface bonding,
and not out of resonant electron-light-hole tunnelling as proposed by Yu et al.
A Zener tunnelling mechanism is shown to contribute to the background current
beyond NDR.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81300 </DOCNO>
Is the Up Quark Massless?


  Several lattice calculations of a combination of the low energy constants of
the chiral Lagrangian, 2\alpha_8-\alpha_5, are presented. This combination is
critical for the preclusion of a massless up quark. The result found is
2\alpha_8-\alpha_5 = 0.115 \pm 0.051^{stat} \pm 0.25^{syst}, which is well
outside of the range allowed by a massless up quark.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76773 </DOCNO>
Cosmological constraints on quintessential halos


  A complex scalar field has recently been suggested to bind galaxies and
flatten the rotation curves of spirals. Its cosmological behavior is thoroughly
investigated here. Such a field is shown to be a potential candidate for the
cosmological dark matter that fills up a fraction Omega_cdm = 0.3 of the
Universe. However, problems arise when the limits from galactic dynamics and
some cosmological constraints are taken simultaneously into account. A free
complex field, associated to a very small mass m = 10^{-23} eV, has a correct
cosmological behavior in the early Universe, but behaves today mostly as a real
axion, with a problematic value of its conserved quantum number. On the other
hand, an interacting field with quartic coupling lambda = 0.1 has a more
realistic mass m = 1 eV and carries a quantum number close to the photon number
density. Unlike a free field, it would be spinning today in the complex plane -
like the so-called ``spintessence''. Unfortunately, the cosmological evolution
of such field in the early Universe is hardly compatible with constraints from
nucleosynthesis and structure formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125631 </DOCNO>
Further Analysis of Stellar Magnetic Cycle Periods


  We further investigate relationships between activity cycle periods in cool
stars and rotation to include new cycle data, and explore different
parameterizations of the problem. We find that relations between cycle and
rotational frequencies (omega_cyc vs. Omega) and between their ratio and the
inverse Rossby number (omega_cyc/Omega vs. Ro^{-1}) show many similarities,
including three branches and similar rms scatter. We briefly discuss some
implications for dynamo models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6548 </DOCNO>
Raman scattering in quantum disks: enhanced efficiency of the


  We treat resonant Raman scattering via the multiphonon exciton transitions in
cylindrical quantum dots with a parabolic confinement in the lateral direction
and with a finite rectangular interface-barrier confinement in the axial
direction. The optical phonons and the electron-phonon interaction are
considered within the multimode dielectric model. The model exploits both
electrostatic and mechanical boundary conditions for the relative ionic
displacement vector, as well as the phonon spatial dispersion in bulk. The
confined phonon modes in a quantum dot are hybrids of bulk-like and interface
vibrations. Raman spectra, calculated using the multimode dielectric model,
compare well with experimental data. Multiphonon Raman amplitudes are
calculated taking into account the effects of non-adiabaticity, which play a
crucial role in the optical spectra of quantum dots. Peak intensities of Raman
spectra are investigated as a function of the confinement frequency parameter
and of the height of a quantum dot. Non-adiabatic transitions are shown to
strongly increase the scattering probabilities and the relative multiphonon
scattering intensities with respect to the one-phonon intensity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113768 </DOCNO>
Analytical Expressions for a Hyperspherical Adiabatic Basis Three


  For a particular case of three-body scattering in 2 dimensions, we
demonstrate analytically that the behaviour of the adiabatic potential is
different from that of the hyperspherical coupling matrix elements, thereby
leading to a phase shift that tends to zero, as the energy goes to zero,
instead of to a constant. We consider two particles interacting with binary
repulsive step potentials, one acting as a spectator, and solve analytically
for the adiabatic eigenvalues and eigenvectors, for all values of rho. We are
thereby able to obtain the leading terms in the long range behaviour of the
effective potentials, and confirm its inverse logarithmic nature, suggested
from a previous numerical study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98601 </DOCNO>
Hyperbolic Manifolds, Harmonic Forms, and Seiberg-Witten Invariants


  New estimates are derived concerning the behavior of self-dual hamonic
2-forms on a compact Riemannian 4-manifold with non-trivial Seiberg-Witten
invariants. Applications include a vanishing theorem for certain Seiberg-Witten
invariants on compact 4-manifolds of constant negative sectional curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123916 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Screening in Accreting Neutron Stars


  We investigate whether the magnetic field of an accreting neutron star may be
diamagnetically screened by the accreted matter. We assume the freshly
accumulated material is unmagnetized, and calculate the rate at which the
intrinsic stellar magnetic flux is transported into it by Ohmic diffusion. We
calculate the one-dimensional steady-state magnetic field profiles, and show
that the magnetic field strength decreases as one moves up through the outer
crust and ocean by roughly (Mdot/0.02 Mdot_Edd) orders of magnitude, where Mdot
is the accretion rate and Mdot_Edd the Eddington accretion rate. We show that
buoyancy instabilities set a limit to the strength of any buried field of
roughly 10^10-10^11 G.
  Our results show that magnetic screening is ineffective for Mdot<0.01
Mdot_Edd, so that, no matter how the accreted material joins onto the star, the
underlying stellar field should always be evident. In this respect, we point
out the only known persistently-pulsing accreting X-ray millisecond pulsar, SAX
J1808.4-3658, has an accretion rate of 10^-3 Mdot_Edd, far below the regime
where magnetic screening can play a role.
  Most steadily accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries in our
Galaxy accrete at rates where screening would be effective if the simplified
magnetic and accretion geometry we adopt were correct. If screened, then the
underlying field will emerge after accretion halts, on a timescale of only
100--1000 years, set by the Ohmic diffusion time across the outer crust. It
thus seems unlikely that screening alone can explain the low magnetic fields of
the millisecond radio pulsars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148797 </DOCNO>
Minimal Coupling in Koopman-von Neumann Theory


  Classical mechanics (CM), like quantum mechanics (QM), can have an
operatorial formulation. This was pioneered by Koopman and von Neumann (KvN) in
the 30's. They basically formalized, via the introduction of a classical
Hilbert space, earlier work of Liouville who had shown that the classical time
evolution can take place via an operator, nowadays known as the Liouville
operator. In this paper we study how to perform the coupling of a point
particle to a gauge field in the KvN version of CM. So we basically implement
at the classical operatorial level the analog of the minimal coupling of QM. We
show that, differently than in QM, not only the momenta but also other
variables have to be coupled to the gauge field. We also analyze in details how
the gauge invariance manifests itself in the Hilbert space of KvN and indicate
the differences with QM. As an application of the KvN method we study the
Landau problem proving that there are many more degeneracies at the classical
operatorial level than at the quantum one. As a second example we go through
the Aharonov-Bohm phenomenon showing that, at the quantum level, this
phenomenon manifests its effects on the spectrum of the quantum Hamiltonian
while at the classical level there is no effect whatsoever on the spectrum of
the Liouville operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124933 </DOCNO>
A step toward the calibration of the RGB Tip as a Standard Candle


  The absolute I magnitude of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch M_I(TRGB) is one
of the most promising Standard Candles actually used in astrophysics as a
fundamental pillar for the Cosmological Distance Scale. With the aim of
improving the observational basis of its calibration, we have obtained an
accurate estimate of the M_I(TRGB) for the globular cluster Omega Centauri,
based (a) on the largest photometric database ever assembled for a globular, by
Pancino et al.(2000), and (b) on a direct distance estimate for Omega Cen,
recently obtained by Thompson et al.(2001) from a detached eclipsing binary.
The derived value M_I(TRGB) =-4.04\pm 0.12 provides, at present, the most
accurate empirical zero-point for the calibration of the M_I(TRGB) - [Fe/H]
relation, at [Fe/H] ~ -1.7. We also derived a new empirical M_I(TRGB) - [Fe/H]
relation, based on the large IR dataset of red giants in Galactic Globular
Clusters recently presented by Ferraro et al.(2000). This database (extending
up to [Fe/H]=-0.2) covers a more appropriate metallicity range, for
extragalactic applications, than previous empirical calibrations (limited to
[Fe/H]<= -0.7). The proposed relation is in excellent agreement with the newly
determined zero-point.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40795 </DOCNO>
BSAURUS- A Package For Inclusive B-Reconstruction in DELPHI


  BSAURUS is a software package for the inclusive reconstruction of B-hadrons
in Z-decay events taken by the DELPHI detector at LEP. The BSAURUS goal is to
reconstruct B-decays, by making use of as many properties of b-jets as
possible, with high efficiency and good purity. This is achieved by exploiting
the capabilities of the DELPHI detector to their extreme, applying wherever
possible physics knowledge about B production and decays and combining
different information sources with modern tools- mainly artificial neural
networks. This note provides a reference of how BSAURUS outputs are formed, how
to access them within the DELPHI framework, and the physics performance one can
expect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126115 </DOCNO>
The effects of relativistic bulk motion of X-ray flares in the corona on


  We study the effects of the bulk motion of X-ray flares on the shape and
equivalent width of the iron Kalpha line from an untruncated cold disk around a
Kerr black hole using fully relativistic calculations. The flares are located
above a cold accretion disk -- either on or off the rotation axis. For on- or
off-axis flares, the upward/outward bulk motion causes a reduction of the iron
Kalpha line width. To a distant observer with a low inclination angle (\theta_o
\simlt 30deg.), larger upward/outward bulk velocities decrease the extension of
the red wing, with little change in the location of the blue `edge'. In
contrast, an observer at a large inclination angle (e.g. \theta_o=60deg.) sees
both the red wing and the blue `edge' change with the bulk velocity. The
equivalent width of the iron Kalpha line decreases rapidly with increasing bulk
velocity of flares. However, the `narrower' line profiles observed in some
objects (e.g. IC4329A and NGC4593) are difficult to produce using the
out-flowing magnetic flare model with an appropriate equivalent width unless
the X-ray emission is concentrated in an outer region with a radius of several
tens of r_g=GM/c^2 or more. An important result is that the iron Kalpha line
intensity is found to be constant even though the continuum flux varies
significantly, which is true for out-flowing magnetic flares with different
bulk velocities but similar intrinsic luminosities when located close to the
central black hole. We find that fluctuations in the bulk velocities of
out-flowing low-height flares located at the inner region (r\simlt 15r_g) can
account for a constant iron Kalpha line and significant continuum variation as
observered in MCG-6-30-15 and NGC5548. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124782 </DOCNO>
Keck Adaptive Optics Observations of the Radio Galaxy 3C294: A Merging


  We present seeing-limited and adaptive optics (AO) images of the z = 1.786
radio galaxy 3C294 in the H and K' infrared bands obtained at Keck Observatory.
The infrared emission of 3C294 is dominated by two distinct components
separated by ~1" (9 kpc). The eastern knot contains an unresolved core that
contributes ~4% of the K'-band light; we identify this core with the active
nucleus. The western component is about 2.5 times brighter. The most plausible
interpretation of the near-infrared morphology is an ongoing merger event, with
the active nucleus located in the less massive of the two galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73033 </DOCNO>
The fate of the B ball


  The gauge-mediated SUSY-breaking (GMSB) model needs entropy production at a
relatively low temperature in the thermal history of the Universe for the
unwanted relics to be diluted. This requires a mechanism for the baryogenesis
after the entropy production, and the Affleck and Dine (AD) mechanism is a
promising candidate for it. The AD baryogenesis in the GMSB model predicts the
existence of the baryonic Q ball, that is the B ball, and this may work as the
dark matter in the Universe. In this article, we discuss the stability of the B
ball in th presence of baryon-number violating interactions. We find that the
evaporation rate increases monotonically with the B-ball charge because the
large field value inside the B ball enhances the effect of the
baryon-number-violating operators. While there are some difficulties to
evaluate the evaporation rate of the B ball, we derive the evaporation time
(lifetime) of the B ball for the mass-to-charge ratio $\omega_0\gsim 100 \MEV$.
The lifetime of the B ball and the distortion of the cosmic ray positron flux
and the cosmic background radiation from the B ball evaporation give
constraints on the baryon number of the B ball and the interaction, if the B
ball is the dark matter. We also discuss some unresolved properties of the B
ball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73555 </DOCNO>
Gluino Contribution to Radiative B Decays: New Operators, Organization


  The gluino-induced contribution to the decay $b \to s \gamma$ is investigated
in supersymmetric frameworks with generic sources of flavour violation. It is
emphasized that the operator basis of the standard model effective Hamiltonian
is enlarged and that a suitable redefinition allows to realize the usual scheme
of leading and next-to-leading logarithmic contributions when QCD corrections
are included. The effects of the leading order
 QCD corrections on the inclusive branching ratio for $b \to s \gamma$ are
shown. Constraints on supersymmetric sources of flavour violation are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5410 </DOCNO>
A faster implementation of the pivot algorithm for self-avoiding walks


  The pivot algorithm is a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for simulating
the self-avoiding walk. At each iteration a pivot which produces a global
change in the walk is proposed. If the resulting walk is self-avoiding, the new
walk is accepted; otherwise, it is rejected. Past implementations of the
algorithm required a time O(N) per accepted pivot, where N is the number of
steps in the walk. We show how to implement the algorithm so that the time
required per accepted pivot is O(N^q) with q<1. We estimate that q is less than
0.57 in two dimensions, and less than 0.85 in three dimensions. Corrections to
the O(N^q) make an accurate estimate of q impossible. They also imply that the
asymptotic behavior of O(N^q) cannot be seen for walk lengths which can be
simulated. In simulations the effective q is around 0.7 in two dimensions and
0.9 in three dimensions. Comparisons with simulations that use the standard
implementation of the pivot algorithm using a hash table indicate that our
implementation is faster by as much as a factor of 80 in two dimensions and as
much as a factor of 7 in three dimensions. Our method does not require the use
of a hash table and should also be applicable to the pivot algorithm for
off-lattice models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75225 </DOCNO>
Nucleon form factors and structure functions from Lattice QCD


  In this talk we highlight recent lattice calculations of the nucleon form
factors and structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 498 </DOCNO>
Spectral scrambling in Coulomb-blockade quantum dots


  We study the fluctuations of an energy level as a function of the number of
electrons $m$ added to a Coulomb-blockade quantum dot. A microscopic
calculation in the limit of Koopmans' theorem predicts that the standard
deviation of these fluctuations behaves as $\sqrt{m}$ in the absence of surface
charge but is linear in $m$ when the effect of a surface charge in a finite
geometry is included. The microscopic results are compared to a parametric
random-matrix approach. We estimate the number of electrons it takes to
scramble the spectrum completely in terms of the interaction strength, the
dimensionless Thouless conductance, and the symmetry class.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124649 </DOCNO>
Hydrodynamic simulations of the triaxial bulge of M31


  The interstellar gas flow in the inner disk of M31 is modelled using a new,
two dimensional, grid based, hydrodynamics code. The potential of the stellar
bulge is derived from its surface brightness profile. The bulge is assumed to
be triaxial and rotating in the same plane as the disk in order to explain the
twisted nature of M31's central isophotes and the non circular gas velocities
in the inner disk. Results are compared with CO observations and the bulge is
found to be a fast rotator with a B-band mass-to-light ratio, Y = 6.5 +/- 0.8,
and a ratio of co-rotation radius to bulge semi-major axis, R = 1.2 +/- 0.1,
implying that any dark halo must have a low density core in contradiction to
the predictions of CDM. These conclusions would be strengthened by further
observations confirming the model's off axis CO velocity predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73185 </DOCNO>
Hard Thermal Photon Production in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions


  The recent status of hard thermal photon production in relativistic heavy ion
collisions is reviewed and the current rates are presented with emphasis on
corrected bremsstrahlung processes in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and
quark-hadron duality. Employing Bjorken hydrodynamics with an EOS supporting
the phase transition from QGP to hot hadron gas (HHG), thermal photon spectra
are computed. For SPS 158 GeV Pb+Pb collisions, comparison with other
theoretical results and the WA98 direct photon data indicates significant
contributions due to prompt photons. Extrapolating the presented approach to
RHIC and LHC experiments, predictions of the thermal photon spectrum show a QGP
outshining the HHG in the high-pT-region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2559 </DOCNO>
MgB_2 under pressure: phonon calculations, Raman spectroscopy, and


  The effect of pressure on optical phonon frequencies of MgB$_2$ has been
calculated using the frozen-phonon approach based on a pseudopotential method.
Gr\"uneisen parameters of the harmonic mode frequencies are reported for the
high-frequency zone-center $E_{2g}$ and $B_{1g}$ and the zone-boundary $E_{2u}$
and $B_{2u}$ modes at $A$. Anharmonic effects of phonon frequencies and the
implications of the calculated phonon frequency shifts for the pressure
dependence of the superconducting transition temperature of MgB$_2$ are
discussed. Also reported are Raman and optical reflectance spectra of MgB$_2$
measured at high pressures. The experimental observations in combination with
calculated results indicate that broad spectral features we observed in the
Raman spectra at frequencies between 500 and 900 cm$^{-1}$ cannot be attributed
to first-order scattering by zone-center modes, but originate in part from a
chemical species other than MgB$_2$ at the sample surface and in part from a
maximum in the MgB$_2$ phonon density of states. Low-temperature Raman spectra
taken at ambient pressure showed increased scattering intensity in the region
below 300 cm$^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3642 </DOCNO>
Effective mass staircase and the Fermi liquid parameters for the


  Effective mass of the composite fermion in the fractional quantum Hall
system, which is of purely interaction originated, is shown, from a numerical
study, to exhibit a curious nonmonotonic behavior with a staircase correlated
with the number (=2,4,...) of attached flux quanta. This is surprising since
the usual composite-fermion picture predicts a smooth behavior. On top of that,
significant interactions are shown to exist between composite fermions, where
the excitation spectrum is accurately reproduced in terms of Landau's Fermi
liquid picture with negative (i.e., Hund's type) orbital and spin exchange
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7367 </DOCNO>
Eutectic colony formation: A phase field study


  Eutectic two-phase cells, also known as eutectic colonies, are commonly
observed during the solidification of ternary alloys when the composition is
close to a binary eutectic valley. In analogy with the solidification cells
formed in dilute binary alloys, colony formation is triggered by a
morphological instability of a macroscopically planar eutectic solidification
front due to the rejection by both solid phases of a ternary impurity that
diffuses in the liquid. Here we develop a phase-field model of a binary
eutectic with a dilute ternary impurity and we investigate by dynamical
simulations both the initial linear regime of this instability, and the
subsequent highly nonlinear evolution of the interface that leads to fully
developed two-phase cells with a spacing much larger than the lamellar spacing.
We find a good overall agreement with our recent linear stability analysis [M.
Plapp and A. Karma, Phys. Rev. E 60, 6865 (1999)], which predicts a
destabilization of the front by long-wavelength modes that may be stationary or
oscillatory. A fine comparison, however, reveals that the assumption commonly
attributed to Cahn that lamella grow perpendicular to the envelope of the
solidification front is weakly violated in the phase-field simulations. We show
that, even though weak, this violation has an important quantitative effect on
the stability properties of the eutectic front. We also investigate the
dynamics of fully developed colonies and find that the large-scale envelope of
the composite eutectic front does not converge to a steady state, but exhibits
cell elimination and tip-splitting events up to the largest times simulated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 711 </DOCNO>
Transverse optical Josephson plasmons, equations of motion


  A detailed calculation is presented of the dielectric function in
superconducttors consisting of two Josephson coupled superconducting layers per
unit cell, taking into account the effect of finite compressibility of the
electron fluid. From the model it follows, that two longitudinal, and one
transverse optical Josephson plasma resonance exist in these materials, for
electric field polarization perpendicular to the planes. The latter mode
appears as a resonance in the transverse dielectric function, and it couples
directly to the electrical field vector of infrared radiation. A shift of all
plasma frequencies, and a reduction of the intensity of the transverse optical
Josephson plasmon is shown to result from the finite compressibility of the
electron fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179496 </DOCNO>
Generalized Ladder Operators for Shape-invariant Potentials


  A general form for ladder operators is used to construct a method to solve
bound-state Schr\"odinger equations. The characteristics of supersymmetry and
shape invariance of the system are the start point of the approach. To show the
elegance and the utility of the method we use it to obtain energy spectra and
eigenfunctions for the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator and Morse potentials
and for the radial harmonic oscillator and Coulomb potentials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169515 </DOCNO>
Squeezing and feedback


  Electro-optical feedback has many features in common with optical
nonlinearities and hence is relevant to the generation of squeezing. First, I
discuss theoretical and experimental results for traveling-wave feedback,
emphasizing how the ``in-loop'' squeezing (also known as ``squashing'') differs
from free squeezing. Although such feedback, based on ordinary (demolition)
photodetection cannot create free squeezing, it can be used to manipulate it.
Then I treat feedback based on nonlinear quantum optical measurements (of which
non-demolition measurements are one example). These {\em are} able to produce
free squeezing, as shown in a number of experiments. Following that I discuss
theories showing that intracavity squeezing can be increased using ordinary
feedback, and produced using QND-based feedback. Finally, I return to
``squashed'' fields and present recent results showing that the reduced in-loop
fluctuations can suppress atomic decay in a manner analogous to the effect for
squeezed fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75387 </DOCNO>
Testing radiative neutrino mass generation via R-parity violation at the


  An R-parity violating SUSY model with lepton-number violating couplings
$\lambda'_{i33}$, i=2,3 can generate a neutrino mass spectrum that explains the
recent results from neutrino oscillation experiments. These R-parity violating
couplings lead to a clean signal with at least one isolated lepton and at least
three tagged $b$ jets that is accessible in chargino and neutralino production
at the Tevatron collider. This signature can be probed at $3 \sigma$ up to
$m_{1/2} = 230$ GeV (320 GeV) with an integrated luminosity of $2 fb^{-1}$ ($30
fb^{-1}$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95763 </DOCNO>
Iterated Local Search


  This is a survey of "Iterated Local Search", a general purpose metaheuristic
for finding good solutions of combinatorial optimization problems. It is based
on building a sequence of (locally optimal) solutions by: (1) perturbing the
current solution; (2) applying local search to that modified solution. At a
high level, the method is simple, yet it allows for a detailed use of
problem-specific properties. After giving a general framework, we cover the
uses of Iterated Local Search on a number of well studied problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148674 </DOCNO>
Non-Commutative Open (p,q)-String Theories


  In this paper we make an SL(2,Z)-covariant generalisation of the
noncommutative theories, NCYM and NCOS on the D3-brane, and NCOS on the
D5-brane in type IIB. Usually, the noncommutative theories are obtained by
studying perturbative F-string theory, and the parameters governing the
noncommutative theories are given by the open string data. The S-duality of
NCYM and NCOS on the D3-brane has been seen by dualising the background,
keeping the F-string under study fixed. We give an SL(2,Z)-covariant
generalisation of the open string data relevant when one instead studies
perturbative (p,q)-string theory. The S-duality of NCYM and NCOS on the
D3-brane is reproduced by instead keeping the background fixed and studying
different (p,q)-string theories. We also obtain new noncommutative open
(p,q)-string theories on the D3-brane and the D5-brane which are S-dual to
ordinary NCOS. The theories are studied using the supergravity duals of the
D3-brane and the D5-brane, corresponding to a probe brane in the relevant
background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72959 </DOCNO>
Determination of hadronic partial widths for scalar-isoscalar resonances


  In the article of V.V. Anisovich et al., Yad. Fiz. 63, 1489 (2000), the
K-matrix solutions for the wave IJ^{PC}=00^{++} were obtained in the mass
region 450 - 1900 MeV where four resonances f0(980), f0(1300), f0(1500),
f0(1750) and the broad state f0(1530^{+90}_{-250}) are located. Based on these
solutions, we determine partial widths for scalar-isoscalar states decaying
into the channels pi-pi, K-anti K, eta-eta, eta-eta', pi-pi-pi-pi and
corresponding decay couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148676 </DOCNO>
Renormalization Group Flows for Brane Couplings


  Field theories in the presence of branes encounter localized divergences that
renormalize brane couplings. The sources of these brane-localized divergences
are understood as arising either from broken translation invariance, or from
short distance singularities as the brane thickness vanishes. While the former
are generated only by quantum corrections, the latter can appear even at the
classical level. Using as an example six-dimensional scalar field theory in the
background of a 3-brane, we show how to interpret such classical divergences by
the usual regularization and renormalization procedure of quantum field theory.
In our example, the zero thickness divergences are logarithmic, and lead
classically to non-trivial renormalization group flows for the brane couplings.
We construct the tree level renormalization group equations for these couplings
as well as the one-loop corrections to these flows from bulk-to-brane
renormalization effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73750 </DOCNO>
Spectral flow of chiral fermions in nondissipative Yang-Mills gauge


  Real-time anomalous fermion number violation is investigated for massless
chiral fermions in spherically symmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills gauge field
backgrounds which can be weakly dissipative or even nondissipative. Restricting
consideration to spherically symmetric fermion fields, the zero-eigenvalue
equation of the time-dependent effective Dirac Hamiltonian is studied in
detail. For generic spherically symmetric SU(2) gauge fields in Minkowski
spacetime, a relation is presented between the spectral flow and two
characteristics of the background gauge field. These characteristics are the
well-known ``winding factor,'' which is defined to be the change of the
Chern-Simons number of the associated vacuum sector of the background gauge
field, and a new ``twist factor,'' which can be obtained from the
zero-eigenvalue equation of the effective Dirac Hamiltonian but is entirely
determined by the background gauge field. For a particular class of (weakly
dissipative) Luscher-Schechter gauge field solutions, the level crossings are
calculated directly and nontrivial contributions to the spectral flow from both
the winding factor and the twist factor are observed. The general result for
the spectral flow may be relevant to electroweak baryon number violation in the
early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169017 </DOCNO>
Geometry of Quantum Theory: Weyl-Kahler Space


  A new space namely the Weyl-Kahler is proposed to the quantum state space.
Some of the physical consequences are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127573 </DOCNO>
Sulfur, Chlorine, & Argon Abundances in Planetary Nebulae. IIB:


  We have undertaken a large spectroscopic survey of over 80 planetary nebulae
with the goal of providing a homogeneous spectroscopic database between
3600-9600 Angstroms, as well as a set of consistently determined abundances,
especially for oxygen, sulfur, chlorine, and argon. In the current paper we
calculate and report the S/O, Cl/O, and Ar/O abundance ratios for 45 southern
planetary nebulae (predominantly Type II), using our own recently observed line
strengths published in an earlier paper. One of the salient features of our
work is the use of the NIR lines of [S III] 9069,9532 coupled with the [S III]
temperature, to determine the S++ ionic abundance. We find the following
average abundances for these objects: S/O=0.011(+/-0.0064),
Cl/O=0.00031(+/-0.00012), and Ar/O=0.0051(+/-0.0020).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83559 </DOCNO>
Orderly Spanning Trees with Applications


  We introduce and study the {\em orderly spanning trees} of plane graphs. This
algorithmic tool generalizes {\em canonical orderings}, which exist only for
triconnected plane graphs. Although not every plane graph admits an orderly
spanning tree, we provide an algorithm to compute an {\em orderly pair} for any
connected planar graph $G$, consisting of a plane graph $H$ of $G$, and an
orderly spanning tree of $H$. We also present several applications of orderly
spanning trees: (1) a new constructive proof for Schnyder's Realizer Theorem,
(2) the first area-optimal 2-visibility drawing of $G$, and (3) the best known
encodings of $G$ with O(1)-time query support. All algorithms in this paper run
in linear time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114221 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Multiple scattering in a reflecting cavity: Application to


  This paper presents a comment on the recent work on fish counting in a tank
(J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 2587-2597 (2001)). It is pointed out that there are
ambiguities with the counting method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127867 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Instability and Tsallis' Nonextensive Statistics


  The concept of Jeans gravitational instability is rediscussed in the
framework of the nonextensive statistics proposed by Tsallis. A simple
analytical formula generalizing the Jeans criterion is derived by assuming that
the unperturbed self-gravitating collisionless gas is described by the
$q$-parametrized class of nonextensive velocity distribution. It is shown that
the critical values of wavelenght and mass depend explicitly on the
nonextensive $q$-parameter. The standard Jeans wavelenght derived for a
Maxwellian distribution is recovered in the limiting case $q$=1. For power-law
distributions with cutoff, the instability condition is weakneed with the
system becoming unstable even for wavelenghts of the disturbance smaller than
the standard Jeans lenght $\lambda_J$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113676 </DOCNO>
Newton Equations May be Treated as Diffusion Equations in the Real Time


  In thirties years of last century Dirac proposed to treat Schrodinger
equation as the equation of diffusion with imaginary diffusion coefficient. In
the frame of multifractal theory of time and space (in this model our the
multifractal universe is consisting of real time and space fields) in the works
[1]-[16] was analyzed how the fractional dimensions of real fields of time and
space influence on behavior of different physical phenomena. In this paper the
Newton equations of the multifractal universe (considered for the first time in
[1]-[3]) are generalized and is treated as the equations of diffusion with mass
of bodies (depending of fractional dimension of place, where these bodies
located) as a coefficient of diffusion. The realization of this point of view
for inhomogeneous time equations (the analogies of Newton equations) is carried
out too. The last leads to introducing of new sort of masses: the masses that
characterize the inertia of inhomogeneous time flows with space coordinates
changing. CONTENTS: 1. Introduction;2. Newton Equations in the Multifractal
Universe; 3. Generalized Newton Equations and Its Diffusion Interpretation; 4.
Generalized Inhomogeneous Time Equation and Its Diffusion Interpretation; 5.
Conclusions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148307 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry without Grassmann Variables


  Supersymmetry transformations may be represented by unitary operators in a
formulation of supersymmetry without numbers that anti-commute. The physical
relevance of this formulation hinges on whether or not one may add states of
even and odd fermion number, a question which soon may be settled by
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99219 </DOCNO>
Quasipositive Annuli (Constructions of Quasipositive Knots and Links,


  [Original abstract (1992):] The modulus of quasipositivity q(K) of a knot K
was introduced as a tool in the knot theory of complex plane curves, and can be
applied to Legendrian knot theory in symplectic topology. It has also, however,
a straightforward characterization in ordinary knot theory: q(K) is the
supremum of the integers f such that the framed knot (K;f) embeds non-trivially
on a fiber surface of a positive torus link. Geometric constructions show that
-\infty < q(K), calculations with link polynomials that q(K) < \infty. The
present paper aims to provide sharper lower bounds (by optimizing the geometry
with positive plats) and more readily calculated upper bounds (by modifying
known link polynomials), and so to compute q(K) for various classes of knots,
such as positive closed braids (for which q(K) = \mu(K)-1) and most positive
pretzels. As an aside, it is noted that a recent result of Kronheimer & Mrowka
implies that q(K) < 0 if K is slice.
  [Additional abstract (December 2001):] A 1995 paper gives a proof that q(K)
equals TB(K), the maximal Thurston-Bennequin invariant of K. Thus the bounds
for, and calculations of q(K) derived in this paper are equally bounds for, or
calculations of, TB(K). Similar (sometimes sharper) results for TB(K) have been
derived more recently by a number of researchers, using a variety of different
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179636 </DOCNO>
A New Description of Nuclear Rotational Motion in terms of Intrinsic


  A new method describing nuclear rotational motion microscopically is
proposed. We extract the rotational Hamiltonian by introducing the intrinsic
pair modes which commute with the rotational mode. Thereby the rotational mode
is not treated as zero energy mode in contrast with the conventional RPA
formalism so that we circumvent the difficulty related with infrared
divergence. The wave function is constructed by angular momentum projection on
each intrinsic state. Without numerical integration for projection we calculate
the matrix elements analytically under a certain approximation. The numerical
calculations are carried out to illustrate the applicability of our method and
they show that our method works well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168759 </DOCNO>
Cherenkov radiation of superluminal particles


  Any charged particle moving faster than light through a medium emits
Cherenkov radiation. We show that charged particles moving faster than light
through the v a c u u m emit Cherenkov radiation. How can a particle move
faster than light? The w e a k speed of a charged particle can exceed the speed
of light. By definition, the weak velocity is <a|v|b>/<a|b>, where v is the
velocity operator and |b> and |a> are, respectively, the states of a particle
before and after a velocity measurement. We discuss the consistency of weak
values and show that weak superluminal speed is consistent with relativistic
causality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128987 </DOCNO>
Keck Spectroscopy of Young and Old Star Clusters in NGC 1023


  We present Keck/LRIS spectra for 11 old globular clusters in the S0-type
galaxy NGC 1023 and 2 young blue clusters in the nearby companion NGC 1023A.
Analysis of the spectra of 7 old clusters with sufficient S/N shows generally
good agreement between spectroscopic and previous photometric metallicity
estimates, but the integrated colors of two clusters are too blue for their
spectroscopic metallicities. Although the cluster ages are not well
constrained, they are most likely similar to those of Milky Way globular
clusters and certainly older than about 5 Gyr. The brightest GC in the sample
shows enhanced cyanogen, possibly indicating an abundance anomaly similar to
that observed in some M31 globular clusters. For the two blue clusters in NGC
1023A we estimate ages between 125 and 500 Myr, based on their strong Balmer
lines. The total masses are about 80000 Msun and 60000 Msun for a Miller-Scalo
IMF and Z=0.004, making these objects similar to the young populous clusters in
the LMC. It is suggested that the two young clusters might have formed during a
period of enhanced star formation activity in NGC 1023A, stimulated by a close
encounter with NGC 1023.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81142 </DOCNO>
k-string tensions in SU(N) gauge theories


  In the context of four-dimensional SU(N) gauge theories, we study the
spectrum of the confining strings. We compute, for the SU(6) gauge theory
formulated on a lattice, the three independent string tensions sigma_k related
to sources with Z_N charge k=1,2,3, using Monte Carlo simulations. Our results,
whose uncertainty is approximately 2% for k=2 and 4% for k=3, are consistent
with the sine formula sigma_k/sigma = sin(k pi/N) / \sin(pi/N) for the ratio
between sigma_k and the standard string tension sigma, and show deviations from
the Casimir scaling.
  The sine formula is known to emerge in supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theories
and in M-theory. We comment on an analogous behavior exhibited by
two-dimensional SU(N)xSU(N) chiral models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169271 </DOCNO>
Generation of fan-states of radiation field in a cavity


  A scheme of generating recently introduced fan-states | \alpha, 2k>_F (\alpha
is complex, k=1,2,3,...) is proposed basing on a \Lambda-type atom-cavity field
interaction. We show that with suitable atomic preparations and measurements a
passage of a sequence of N atoms through a cavity may transform an initial
field coherent state | \alpha> to a fan-state | \alpha, 2k>_F with k=2^{N-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149210 </DOCNO>
Derivative corrections to the D-brane Born-Infeld action: non-geodesic


  We dimensionally reduce the four-derivative corrections to the
parity-conserving part of the D9-brane effective action involving all orders of
the gauge field, to obtain corrections to the actions for the lower-dimensional
Dp-branes. These corrections involve the second fundamental form and correspond
to a non-geodesic embedding of the Dp-brane into (flat) ten-dimensional space.
In addition, we study the transformation of the corrections under the
Seiberg-Witten map relating the ordinary and non-commutative theories. A
speculative discussion about the higher-order terms in the derivative expansion
is also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114438 </DOCNO>
Introducing I/O Channels into the Device Database Opens New


  The reference RDBMS for BESSY II has been set up with a device oriented data
model. This has proven adequate for e.g. template based RTDB generation,
modelling etc. But since assigned I/O channels have been stored outside the
database (a) numerous specific conditions had to be maintained within the
scripts generating configuration files and (b) several generic applications
could not be set up automatically by scripts. In a larger re-design effort the
I/O channels are introduced into the RDBMS. That modification allows to
generate a larger set of RTDBs, map specific conditions into database relations
and maintain application configurations by relatively simple extraction
scripts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41157 </DOCNO>
Ratio of the Isolated Photon Cross Sections at \sqrt{s} = 630 and 1800


  The inclusive cross section for production of isolated photons has been
measured in \pbarp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 630$ GeV with the \D0 detector at
the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The photons span a transverse energy ($E_T$)
range from 7-49 GeV and have pseudorapidity $|\eta| < 2.5$. This measurement is
combined with to previous \D0 result at $\sqrt{s} = 1800$ GeV to form a ratio
of the cross sections. Comparison of next-to-leading order QCD with the
measured cross section at 630 GeV and ratio of cross sections show satisfactory
agreement in most of the $E_T$ range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128194 </DOCNO>
Detection of negative superhumps in a LMXRB -- an end to the long debate


  Two similar periodicities (3001 and 3028 s) are known from the X-ray and
optical light curves of V1405 Aql, a low mass X-ray Binary (LMXRB). Two
competing models have been offered for this system. According to the first,
V1405 Aql is a triple system. The second model invokes the presence of an
accretion disc that precesses in the apsidal plane, suggesting that the shorter
period is the orbital period while the longer is a positive superhump.
Re-examination of previously published X-ray data on V1405 Aql reveals an
additional periodicity of 2979 s. The periods in V1405 Aql fit well within a
newly found relation where the ratio between the negative superhump deficit
(over the orbital period) and the positive superhump excess is a function of
orbital period in cataclysmic variables that show both types of superhumps.
Therefore, the 2979-s period is naturally interpreted as a negative superhump.
The recently found 4.8-d period in the X-ray light curve of V1405 Aql is
consequently understood as the precession of the accretion disc in the nodal
direction. This is the first firm detection of negative superhumps and nodal
precession in a LMXRB. Our results thus confirm the classification of V1405 Aql
as a permanent superhump system. The 13-year argument on the nature of this
intriguing object has thus finally come to an end.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95394 </DOCNO>
A (conjectural) 1/3-phenomenon for the number of rhombus tilings of a


  We state, discuss, provide evidence for, and prove in special cases the
conjecture that the probability that a random tiling by rhombi of a hexagon
with side lengths $2n+a,2n+b,2n+c,2n+a,2n+b,2n+c$ contains the (horizontal)
rhombus with coordinates $(2n+x,2n+y)$ is equal to ${1/3} + g_{a,b,c,x,y}(n)
{\binom {2n}{n}}^3 / \binom {6n}{3n}$, where $g_{a,b,c,x,y}(n)$ is a rational
function in $n$. Several specific instances of this "1/3-phenomenon" are made
explicit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149978 </DOCNO>
Casimir energy of a dilute dielectric ball at zero and finite


  The basic results in calculations of the thermodynamic functions of
electromagnetic field in the background of a dilute dielectric ball at zero and
finite temperature are presented. Summation over the angular momentum values is
accomplished in a closed form by making use of the addition theorem for the
relevant Bessel functions. The behavior of the thermodynamic characteristics in
the low and high temperature limits is investigated. The $T^3$-term in the low
temperature expansion of the free energy is recovered (this term has been lost
in our previous calculations).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179170 </DOCNO>
Non-local kinetic simulation of heavy ion collisions


  The numerical solutions of nonlocal and local Boltzmann kinetic equations for
the simulation of peripheral and central heavy ion reactions are compared. The
experimental finding of enhancement of mid-rapidity matter shows the necessity
to include nonlocal corrections. While the in-medium cross section changes the
number of collisions and not the transferred energy, the nonlocal scenario
changes the energy transferred during collisions. The renormalisation of
quasiparticle energies by using the Pauli-rejected collisions leads to a
further enhancement of mid-rapidity matter distribution and is accompanied by a
dynamical softening of the equation of state.
  The simulation results are parameterised in terms of time dependent
thermodynamical variables in the Fermi liquid sense. This allows one to discuss
dynamical trajectories in phase space. A combination of thermodynamical
observables is constructed which locates instabilities and points of possible
phase transition under iso-nothing conditions. Two different mechanisms of
instability, a short time surface-dominated instability and later a
spinodal-dominated volume instability is found. The latter one occurs only if
the incident energies do not exceed significantly the Fermi energy and might be
attributed to spinodal decomposition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76031 </DOCNO>
Damping of inhomogeneities in neutralino dark matter


  The lightest supersymmetric particle, most likely the neutralino, might
account for a large fraction of dark matter in the Universe. We show that the
primordial spectrum of density fluctuations in neutralino cold dark matter
(CDM) has a sharp cut-off due to two damping mechanisms: collisional damping
during the kinetic decoupling of the neutralinos at O(10 MeV) and free
streaming after last scattering of neutralinos. The cut-off in the primordial
spectrum defines a minimal mass for CDM objects in hierarchical structure
formation. For typical neutralino and sfermion masses the first gravitationally
bound neutralino clouds have masses above 10^(-6) M_\odot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1043 </DOCNO>
New correlation duality relations for the planar Potts model


  We introduce a new method to generate duality relations for correlation
functions of the Potts model on planar graphs. The method extends previously
known results, by allowing the consideration of the correlation function for
arbitrarily placed vertices on the graph. We show that generally it is linear
combinations of correlation functions, not the individual correlations, that
are related by dualities. The method is illustrated in several non-trivial
cases, and the relation to earlier results is explained. A graph-theoretical
formulation of our results in terms of rooted dichromatic, or Tutte,
polynomials is also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41440 </DOCNO>
Separation of a single photon and products of the $\pi^0,\eta, K^0_s$


  The artificial neural network approach is used for separation of signals from
a single photon $\gamma$ and products of the $\pi^0,\eta, K^0_s$ meson neutral
decay channels on the basis of the data from the CMS electromagnetic
calorimeter alone. Rejection values for the three types of mesons as a function
of single photon selection efficiencies are obtained for two Barrel and one
Endcap pseudorapidity regions and initial $\Et$ of 20, 40, 60 and 100 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87175 </DOCNO>
Robertson-Walker Type Lyttleton-Bondi Universe in Five Dimensional


  We study the Robertson-Walker type model in the Lyttleton-Bondi universe in
five dimensional general theory of relativity. Some exact and physical
properties of solutions are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41597 </DOCNO>
Search for Single-Top-Quark Production in p-pbar Collisions at


  We search for standard model single-top-quark production in the W-gluon
fusion and W* channels using 106 pb^-1 of data from p-pbar collisions at
sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We set an
upper limit at 95% C.L. on the combined W-gluon fusion and W* single-top cross
section of 14 pb, roughly six times larger than the standard model prediction.
Separate 95% C.L. upper limits in the W-gluon fusion and W* channels are also
determined and are found to be 13 and 18 pb, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168888 </DOCNO>
Estimation of quantum channels with finite resources


  We investigate the problem of determining the parameters that describe a
quantum channel. It is assumed that the users of the channel have at best only
partial knowledge of it and make use of a finite amount of resources to
estimate it. We discuss simple protocols for the estimation of the parameters
of several classes of channels that are studied in the current literature. We
define two different quantitative measures of the quality of the estimation
schemes, one based on the standard deviation, the other one on the fidelity.
The possibility of protocols that employ entangled particles is also
considered. It turns out that the use of entangled particles as a new kind of
nonclassical resource enhances the estimation quality of some classes of
quantum channel. Further, the investigated methods allow us to extend them to
higher dimensional quantum systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3862 </DOCNO>
Cu NQR study of host and guest spin dynamics in impurity-doped YBa2Cu4O8


  We present the planar 63Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation study of
impurity-doped YBa2(Cu1-xMx)4O8 (M=Ni, Zn) at T=4.2-300 K with Cu nuclear
quadrupole resonance (NQR) spin-echo technique. In the light of an
impurity-induced NQR relaxation theory, we estimated the host Cu nuclear
spin-lattice relaxation time (T1)HOST, the impurity-induced Cu nuclear
spin-lattice relaxation time (t1), and the wipeout region around the impurity
in the superconducting state. The pseudo spin-gap behavior of the host Cu
antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation above Tc is not readily removed by a small
amount of the impurity. The Zn-induced non-Korringa behavior of (T1)HOST below
Tc is in sharp contrast to the doping effect of the magnetic impurity Ni.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76387 </DOCNO>
Eta decays involving photons


  The decays of the eta meson are reviewed in the framework of Chiral
Perturbation Theory. Particular attention is devoted to the electromagnetic
channels involving photons, either in the final or intermediate states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76341 </DOCNO>
Testing factorization


  We briefly review the status of factorization in $b$-decays. We discuss
several experimental tests of its nature and stress their importance. We show
that decays into mesons which have small decay constants or spin greater than
one (`designer mesons') offer a variety of new opportunities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127062 </DOCNO>
Chaos, ergodicity, and the thermodynamics of lower-dimensional


  This paper uses the assumptions of ergodicity and a microcanonical
distribution to compute estimates of the largest Lyapunov exponents in
lower-dimensional Hamiltonian systems. That the resulting estimates are in
reasonable agreement with the actual values computed numerically corroborates
the intuition that chaos in such systems can be understood as arising
generically from a parametric instability and that this instability can be
modeled by a stochastic-oscillator equation (cf. Casetti, Clementi, and
Pettini, Phys. Rev. E 54, 5969 (1996)), linearised perturbations of a chaotic
orbit satisfying a harmonic-oscillator equation with a randomly varying
frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125535 </DOCNO>
An Efficient Algorithm for Positioning Tiles in the Sloan Digital Sky


  The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will observe around 10^6 spectra from
targets distributed over an area of about 10,000 square degrees, using a
multi-object fiber spectrograph which can simultaneously observe 640 objects in
a circular field-of-view (referred to as a ``tile'') 1.49 degrees in radius. No
two fibers can be placed closer than 55'' during the same observation; multiple
targets closer than this distance are said to ``collide.'' We present here a
method of allocating fibers to desired targets given a set of tile centers
which includes the effects of collisions and which is nearly optimally
efficient and uniform. Because of large-scale structure in the galaxy
distribution (which form the bulk of the SDSS targets), a naive covering the
sky with equally-spaced tiles does not yield uniform sampling. Thus, we present
a heuristic for perturbing the centers of the tiles from the equally-spaced
distribution which provides more uniform completeness. For the SDSS sample, we
can attain a sampling rate greater than 92% for all targets, and greater than
99% for the set of targets which do not collide with each other, with an
efficiency greater than 90% (defined as the fraction of available fibers
assigned to targets).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3748 </DOCNO>
Detailed study of the ac susceptibility of Sr2RuO4 in oriented magnetic


  We have investigated the ac susceptibility of the spin triplet superconductor
Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ as a function of magnetic field in various directions at
temperatures down to 60 mK. We have focused on the in-plane field configuration
(polar angle $\theta \simeq 90^{\circ}$), which is a prerequisite for inducing
multiple superconducting phases. We have found that the previous attribution of
a pronounced feature in the ac susceptibility to the second superconducting
transition itself is not in accord with recent measurements of the thermal
conductivity or the specific heat. We propose that the pronounced feature is a
consequence of additional involvement of vortex pinning originating from the
second superconducting transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148310 </DOCNO>
Remarks on cosmological issues in some string theoretic brane worlds


  We examine, in the context of certain string compactifications resulting in
five dimensional brane worlds the mechanisms of (self) tuning of the
cosmological constant and the recovery of standard cosmological evolution. We
show that self tuning can occur only as long as supersymmetry is unbroken
(unless additional assumptions are made) and that the adjustment of the
cosmological constant to zero after supersymmetry breaking and the recovery of
standard evolution are the same problem verifying previously made statements in
the context of general i.e. not necessarily string theoretic brane worlds. We
emphasize, however, that contrary to general brane worlds where the above
adjustment requires a fine tuning, stringy brane worlds contain an additional
integration constant due to the presence of the compact space thus allowing the
adjustment to be done only with integration constants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75773 </DOCNO>
The failure of cosmological perturbation theory in the new ekpyrotic and


  Cosmological perturbation theory fails in the new ekpyrotic and cyclic
ekpyrotic scenarios, before the scale factor of the Universe reaches zero. As a
result, a recently-proposed recipe for evolving the curvature perturbation
through the bounce in these scenarios cannot be justified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169465 </DOCNO>
Quantum field theory and dense measurement


  We show, using quantum field theory, that performing a large number of
identical repetitions of the same measurement does not only preserve the
initial state of the wave function (the Zeno effect), but also produces
additional physical effects. We first demonstrate that a Zeno type effect can
emerges also in the framework of quantum field theory, that is, as a quantum
field phenomenon. We also derive a Zeno type effect from quantum field theory
for the general case in which the initial and final states are different. The
basic physical entities dealt with in this work are not the conventional
once-perfomed physical processes, but their $n$ times repetition where $n$
tends to infinity. We show that the presence of these repetitions entails the
presence of additional excited state energies, and the absence of them entails
the absence of these excited energies. We also show that in the presence of
these repetitions the Schroedinger equation may be derived from the functional
generalization of quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6921 </DOCNO>
Quantum irreversibility, perturbation independent decay, and the


  The idea of perturbation independent decay (PID) has appeared in the context
of survival-probability studies, and lately has emerged in the context of
quantum irreversibility studies. In both cases the PID reflects the Lyapunov
instability of the underlying semiclassical dynamics, and it can be
distinguished from the Wigner-type decay that holds in the perturbative regime.
The theory of the survival probability is manifestly related to the parametric
theory of the local density of states (LDOS). In this Rapid we demonstrate that
in spite of the common "ideology", the physics of quantum irreversibility is
{\em not} trivially related to the parametric theory of the LDOS. Rather, it is
essential to take into account subtle cross correlations which are not captured
by the LDOS alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96385 </DOCNO>
How large are the spectral gaps?


  Let $D$ be a bounded domain in ${\Bbb R}^n$ whose boundary has a Minkowski
dimension $\alpha<n$. Suppose that $E_{\Lambda}= {\{e^{2 \pi i x \cdot
\lambda}\}}_{\lambda \in \Lambda}$, $\Lambda$ an infinite discrete subset of
${\Bbb R}^n$, is a frame of exponentials for $L^2(D)$, with frame constants
$A,B$, $A \leq B$. Then if $$ R \ge C{(\frac{{B|\partial D|}_{\alpha}}{A|D|}
)}^ {\frac{1}{n-\alpha}},$$ where $C$ depends only on the ambient dimension $n$
and ${|\partial D|}_{\alpha}$ denotes the Minkowski content, then every cube of
sidelength $R$ contains at least one element of $\Lambda$. We give examples
that illustrate the extent to which our estimates are sharp.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128506 </DOCNO>
The Fate of the First Galaxies. II. Effects of Positive Feedback on


  [abridged]We use 3D cosmological simulations with radiative transfer to study
the formation and evolution of the first galaxies in a LCDM cosmology. We find
that the first luminous objects (Population III) are characterized by a
bursting star formation (SF) that is self-regulated by a feedback process
acting on cosmological instead of galactic scales. The global star formation
history is regulated by the mean number of ionizing photons that escape from
each source, \epsilon_{UV}\fesc. It is almost independent of the assumed star
formation efficiency parameter, \epsilon_*, and the intensity of the
dissociating background. The main feedback process that regulates the SF is the
re-formation of H_2 in front of HII regions and inside relic HII regions. The
HII regions remain confined inside filaments, maximizing the production of H_2
in overdense regions through cyclic destruction/reformation of H_2. If
\epsilon_{UV}\fesc > 10^{-8}/\epsilon_* the SF is self-regulated,
photo-evaporation of Population III objects dominate the metal pollution of the
low density IGM, and the mass of produced metals depends only on \fesc. If
\epsilon_{UV}\fesc \simlt 10^{-8}/\epsilon_*, positive feedback dominates, and
Population III objects constitute the bulk of the mass in stars and metals at
least until redshift z \sim 10. Population III objects cannot reionize the
universe because the feedback mechanism confines the HII regions inside the
large scale structure filaments. In contrast to massive objects, which can
reionize voids, Population III objects partially ionize only the dense
filaments while leaving the voids neutral.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126217 </DOCNO>
STIS spectroscopy of gas disks in the nuclei of nearby, radio-loud,


  We present initial results of our analysis of line emission produced in gas
disks found at the centers of a sample of nearby, radio galaxies with radio
jets. We obtained data using STIS (The Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph) at
three parallel slit positions on the nucleus of each galaxy. This allows us to
map the H$\alpha$ + [NII] flux, the gas radial velocity and the velocity
dispersion. We find evidence of rotating disks in 11 of the sample galaxies and
we can not currently rule out a rotating disk model for the remaining eight.
For rotating systems, we find that the minimum central enclosed mass is greater
than or similar to the predicted black hole mass based on ground-based stellar
velocity dispersions. By modeling the gas dynamics we will go on to constrain
the masses of the black holes. We will also investigate the properties of the
gas disks themselves, giving us an insight into fueling, ionization mechanisms
and the structure of the central regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40768 </DOCNO>
Deeply inelastic scattering off nuclei at RHIC


  We discuss the physics case for an electron--nucleus collider at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3275 </DOCNO>
Interface Fluctuations, Burgers Equations, and Coarsening under Shear


  We consider the interplay of thermal fluctuations and shear on the surface of
the domains in various systems coarsening under an imposed shear flow. These
include systems with nonconserved and conserved dynamics, and a conserved order
parameter advected by a fluid whose velocity field satisfies the Navier-Stokes
equation. In each case the equation of motion for the interface height reduces
to an anisotropic Burgers equation. The scaling exponents that describe the
growth and coarsening of the interface are calculated exactly in any dimension
in the case of conserved and nonconserved dynamics. For a fluid-advected
conserved order parameter we determine the exponents, but we are unable to
build a consistent perturbative expansion to support their validity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179625 </DOCNO>
Boundary of Nuclear Physics and QCD


  Recent progress in lattice QCD, combined with the imminent advent of a new
generation of dedicated supercomputers and advances in chiral extrapolation
mean that the next few years will bring quite novel insights into hadron
structure. We review some of the recent highlights in this field, the questions
which might be addressed and the experiments which may be expected to stretch
that understanding to its limits. Only with a sound understanding of hadron
structure can one hope to explore the fundamental issue of how that structure
may change at finite density (or temperature). We explore potential future
insights from lattice QCD into the phenomenon of nuclear saturation and a very
important hint from recent data of a change in the structure of a bound
nucleon.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128853 </DOCNO>
The Ha luminosity function and star formation rate up to z~1


  We describe ISAAC/ESO-VLT observations of the Ha(6563) Balmer line of 33
field galaxies from the Canada-France Redshift Survey (CFRS) with redshifts
selected between 0.5 and 1.1. We detect Ha in emission in 30 galaxies and
compare the properties of this sample with the low-redshift sample of CFRS
galaxies at z~0.2 (Tresse & Maddox 1998). We find that the Ha luminosity,
L(Ha), is tightly correlated to M(B(AB)) in the same way for both the low- and
high-redshift samples. L(Ha) is also correlated to L([OII]3727), and again the
relation appears to be similar at low and high redshifts. The ratio
L([OII])/L(Ha) decreases for brighter galaxies by as much as a factor 2 on
average. Derived from the Ha luminosity function, the comoving Ha luminosity
density increases by a factor 12 from <z>=0.2 to <z>=1.3. Our results confirm a
strong rise of the star formation rate (SFR) at z<1.3, proportional to
(1+z)^{4.1+/-0.3} (with H_0=50 km/s/Mpc, q_0=0.5). We find an average SFR(2800
Ang)/SFR(Ha) ratio of 3.2 using the Kennicutt (1998) SFR transformations. This
corresponds to the dust correction that is required to make the near UV data
consistent with the reddening-corrected Ha data within the self-contained,
I-selected CFRS sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4197 </DOCNO>
Brillouin Scattering Study of Propylene Carbonate: An Evaluation of


  Brillouin scattering spectra of the molecular glassformer propylene carbonate
(PC) in the temperature range 140 K to 350 K were analyzed using both the
phenomenological Cole-Davidson memory function and a hybrid memory function
consisting of the Cole-Davidson function plus a power-law term representing the
critical decay part of the fast beta relaxation. The spectra were also analyzed
using the extended two-correlator schematic MCT model recently employed by
Gotze and Voigtmann to analyze depolarized light backscattering,dielectric, and
neutron-scattering spectra of PC [W.Gotze and Th. Voigtman, Phys. Rev. E61,
4133 (2000). We assess the ability of the phenomenological and MCT fits, each
with three free fitting parameters, to simultaneously describe the spectra and
give reasonable values for the alpha-relaxation time tau-alpha

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72594 </DOCNO>
Electroweak baryogenesis and the Higgs and stop masses


  In this talk we review the actual situation concerning electroweak phase
transition and baryogenesis in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the
Standard Model. A strong enough phase transition requires light Higgs and stop
eigenstates. For a Higgs mass in the range 110--115 GeV, there is a stop window
in the range 105--165 GeV. If the Higgs is heavier than 115 GeV, stronger
constrains are imposed on the space of supersymmetric parameters. A
baryon-to-entropy ratio is generated by the chargino sector provided that the
$\mu$ parameter has a CP-violating phase larger than $\sim$ 0.04.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123542 </DOCNO>
Cusp Disruption in Minor Mergers


  We present 0.55 x 10^6 particle simulations of the accretion of high-density
dwarf galaxies by low-density giant galaxies, using models that contain both
power-law central density cusps and point masses representing supermassive
black holes. The cusp of the dwarf galaxy is disrupted during the merger,
producing a remnant with a central density that is only slightly higher than
that of the giant galaxy initially. Removing the black hole from the giant
galaxy allows the dwarf galaxy to remain intact and leads to a remnant with a
high central density, contrary to what is observed. Our results support the
hypothesis that the persistence of low-density cores in giant galaxies is a
consequence of supermassive black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150001 </DOCNO>
Higher Dimensional Geometries from Matrix Brane constructions


  Matrix descriptions of even dimensional fuzzy spherical branes $S^{2k} $ in
Matrix Theory and other contexts in Type II superstring theory reveal, in the
large $N$ limit, higher dimensional geometries $SO(2k+1)/U(k)$, which have an
interesting spectrum of $SO(2k+1)$ harmonics and can be up to 20 dimensional,
while the spheres are restricted to be of dimension less than 10. In the case
$k=2$, the matrix description has two dual field theory formulations. One
involves a field theory living on the non-commutative coset $SO(5)/U(2)$ which
is a fuzzy $S^2$ fibre bundle over a fuzzy $S^4$. In the other, there is a U(n)
gauge theory on a fuzzy $S^4$ with $ {\cal O}(n^3)$ instantons. The two
descriptions can be related by exploiting the usual relation between the fuzzy
two-sphere and U(n) Lie algebra. We discuss the analogous phenomena in the
higher dimensional cases, developing a relation between fuzzy $SO(2k)/U(k)$
cosets and unitary Lie algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81343 </DOCNO>
Bound states in the 3d Ising model and implications for QCD at finite


  We study the spectrum of bound states of the three dimensional Ising model in
the (h,beta) plane near the critical point. We show the existence of an
unbinding line, defined as the boundary of the region where bound states exist.
Numerical evidence suggests that this line coincides with the beta=beta_c axis.
When the 3D Ising model is considered as an effective description of hot QCD at
finite density, we conjecture the correspondence between the unbinding line and
the line that separates the quark-gluon plasma phase from the superconducting
phase. The bound states of the Ising model are conjectured to correspond to the
diquarks of the latter phase of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95638 </DOCNO>
Free crossed resolutions for graph products and amalgamated sums of


  The category of crossed complexes gives an algebraic model of the category of
$CW$-complexes and cellular maps. We explain basic results on crossed complexes
which allow the computation of free crossed resolutions of graph products of
groups, and of free products with amalgamation, given free crossed resolutions
of the individual groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1069 </DOCNO>
Bound States in Curved Quantum Layers


  We consider a nonrelativistic quantum particle constrained to a curved layer
of constant width built over a non-compact surface embedded in $R^3$. We
suppose that the latter is endowed with the geodesic polar coordinates and that
the layer has the hard-wall boundary. Under the assumption that the surface
curvatures vanish at infinity we find sufficient conditions which guarantee the
existence of geometrically induced bound states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96519 </DOCNO>
Orbifold cohomology for global quotients


  For an orbifold X which is the quotient of a manifold Y by a finite group G
we construct a noncommutative ring with an action of G such that the orbifold
cohomology of X as defined in math.AG/0004129 by Chen and Ruan is the G
invariant part. In the case thar Y is S^n for a surface S with trivial
canonical class we prove that (a small modification of) the orbifold cohomology
of X is naturally isomorphic to the cohomology ring of the Hilbert scheme of n
points on S computed in math.AG/0012166 by Lehn and Sorger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99069 </DOCNO>
On 321-avoiding permutations in affine Weyl groups


  We introduce the notion of 321-avoiding permutations in the affine Weyl group
$W$ of type $A_{n-1}$ by considering the group as a George group (in the sense
of Eriksson and Eriksson). This enables us to generalize a result of Billey,
Jockusch and Stanley to show that the 321-avoiding permutations in $W$ coincide
with the set of fully commutative elements; in other words, any two reduced
expressions for a 321-avoiding element of $W$ (considered as a Coxeter group)
may be obtained from each other by repeated applications of short braid
relations.
  Using Shi's characterization of the Kazhdan--Lusztig cells in the group $W$,
we use our main result to show that the fully commutative elements of $W$ form
a union of Kazhdan--Lusztig cells. This phenomenon has been studied by the
author and J. Losonczy for finite Coxeter groups, and is interesting partly
because it allows certain structure constants for the Kazhdan--Lusztig basis of
the associated Hecke algebra to be computed combinatorially.
  We also show how some of our results can be generalized to a larger group of
permutations, the extended affine Weyl group associated to $GL_n({\Bbb C})$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73328 </DOCNO>
Gravitating Yang-Mills vortices in 4+1 spacetime dimensions


  The coupling to gravity in D=5 spacetime dimensions is considered for the
particle-like and vortex-type solutions obtained by uplifting the D=4
Yang-Mills instantons and D=3 Yang-Mills-Higgs monopoles. It turns out that the
particles become completely destroyed by gravity, while the vortices admit a
rich spectrum of gravitating generalizations. Such vortex defects may be
interesting in view of the AdS/CFT correspondence or in the context of the
brane world scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125060 </DOCNO>
Optical and Radio observations of the bright GRB010222 afterglow:


  We report photometric observations of the optical afterglow of GRB010222 in
V,R and I passbands carried out at UPSO, Naini Tal between 22-27 Feb 2001. We
determine CCD Johnson BV and Cousins RI photometric magnitudes for 31 stars in
the field of GRB010222 and use them to calibrate our measurements as well as
other published BVRI photometric magnitudes of GRB010222 afterglow. We
construct the light curve in V,R,I passbands and from a broken power-law fit
determine the decay indices of 0.74+/-0.05 and 1.35+/-0.04 before and after the
break at 0.7 days. Using reported X-ray flux measurements at 0.35 and 9.13 days
after the burst we determine X-ray to opt/IR spectral index of 0.61+/-0.02 and
0.75+/-0.02 on these two days. We also report upper limits to the radio flux
obtained from the RATAN-600 telescope and the GMRT, and millimeter-wave upper
limits obtained from the Plateau de Bure Millimeter interferometer. We argue
that the synchrotron cooling frequency is below the optical band for most of
the observing period. We also estimate an initial jet opening angle of about
2.0n^(1/8) degrees, where n is the number density of the ambient medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148987 </DOCNO>
Gauge/Gravity Duals with Holomorphic Dilaton


  We consider configurations of D7-branes and whole and fractional D3-branes
with N=2 supersymmetry. On the supergravity side these have a warp factor,
three-form flux and a nonconstant dilaton. We discuss general IIB solutions of
this type and then obtain the specific solutions for the D7/D3 system. On the
gauge side the D7-branes add matter in the fundamental representation of the
D3-brane gauge theory. We find that the gauge and supergravity metrics on
moduli space agree. However, in many cases the supergravity curvature is large
even when the gauge theory is strongly coupled. In these cases we argue that
the useful supergravity dual must be a IIA configuration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40895 </DOCNO>
Search for $B^{0}\to \pi^{0}\pi^{0}$ Decay


  We have searched for the charmless hadronic decay of B0 mesons into two
neutral pions. Using 9.13fb^-1 taken at the Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector,
we obtain an improved upper limit for the branching fraction BR(B0-->pi0pi0) <
5.7*10^-6 at the 90% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5821 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic circuits with charge discreteness:quantum transmission lines


  We propose a quantum Hamiltonian for a transmission line with charge
discreteness. The periodic line is composed of an inductance and a capacitance
per cell. In every cell the charge operator satisfies a nonlinear equation of
motion because of the discreteness of the charge. In the basis of one-energy
per site, the spectrum can be calculated explicitly. We consider briefly the
incorporation of electrical resistance in the line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6560 </DOCNO>
Shot Noise through a Quantum Dot in the Kondo Regime


  The shot noise in the current through a quantum dot is calculated as a
function of voltage from the high-voltage, Coulomb blockaded regime to the
low-voltage, Kondo regime. Using several complementary approaches, it is shown
that the zero-frequency shot noise (scaled by the voltage) exhibits a
non-monotonic dependence on voltage, with a peak around the Kondo temperature.
Beyond giving a good estimate of the Kondo temperature, it is shown that the
shot noise yields additional information on the effects of electronic
correlations on the local density of states in the Kondo regime, unaccessible
in traditional transport measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72727 </DOCNO>
Energy bounds for the spinless Salpeter equation


  We study the spectrum of the spinless-Salpeter Hamiltonian H = \beta
\sqrt{m^2 + p^2} + V(r), where V(r) is an attractive central potential in three
dimensions. If V(r) is a convex transformation of the Coulomb potential -1/r
and a concave transformation of the harmonic-oscillator potential r^2, then
upper and lower bounds on the discrete eigenvalues of H can be constructed,
which may all be expressed in the form E = min_{r>0} [ \beta \sqrt{m^2 +
P^2/r^2} + V(r) ] for suitable values of P here provided. At the critical point
the relative growth to the Coulomb potential h(r)=-1/r must be bounded by dV/dh
< 2\beta/\pi.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98962 </DOCNO>
Rigorous Solution of the Gardner Problem


  We prove rigorously the well-known result of Gardner about the typical
fractional volume of interactions between N spins which solve the problem of
storing a given set of random patterns. The Gardner formula for this volume in
the limit N,p \to \infty, p/N \to \alpha is proven for all values of \alpha.
Besides, we prove a useful criterion of the factorisation of all the
correlation functions for a class of spin glass model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75753 </DOCNO>
Galactic Collapse of Scalar Field Dark Matter


  We present a scenario for galaxy formation based on the hypothesis of scalar
field dark matter. We interpret galaxy formation through the collapse of a
scalar field fluctuation. We find that a cosh potential for the
self-interaction of the scalar field provides a reasonable scenario for
galactic formation, which is in agreement with cosmological observations and
phenomenological studies in galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83960 </DOCNO>
From 2G TO 3G - The Evolution of International Cellular Standards


  The purpose of this paper is to examine the major factors surrouding and
contributing to the creation (and success) of Europe's 2nd generation 'GSM'
cellular system, and compare and contrast it to key events and recent
developments in 3rd generation 'IMT-2000' systems. The objective is to
ascertain whether lessons from the development of one system can be applied to
the other, and what implications 2G has for the development and assessment of
3G technologies. Among the major themes incorporated into this assessment is
the concept of cooperation, and its role in bringing about the collaboration
and integration necessary to support the success of an international cellular
standard.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179227 </DOCNO>
Equation of state and phase transitions in asymmetric nuclear matter


  The structure of the 3-dimension pressure-temperature-asymmetry surface of
equilibrium of the asymmetric nuclear matter is studied within the thermal
Thomas-Fermi approximation. Special attention is paid to the difference of the
asymmetry parameter between the boiling sheet and that of the condensation
sheet of the surface of equilibrium. We derive the condition of existence of
the regime of retrograde condensation at the boiling of the asymmetric nuclear
matter. We have performed calculations of the caloric curves in the case of
isobaric heating. We have shown the presence of the plateau region in caloric
curves at the isobaric heating of the asymmetric nuclear matter. The shape of
the caloric curve depends on the pressure and is sensitive to the value of the
asymmetry parameter. We point out that the experimental value of the plateau
temperature T \approx 7 MeV corresponds to the pressure P = 0.01 MeV/fm^3 at
the isobaric boiling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96402 </DOCNO>
Time is dispensable in thermodynamics


  We use Padoa's principle of independence of primitive symbols in axiomatic
systems in order to show that time is dispensable in continuum thermodynamics,
according to the axiomatic formulation of Gurtin and Williams. We also show how
to define time by means of the remaining primitive concepts of Gurtin and
Williams system. Finally, we introduce thermodynamics without any explicit
reference to time and briefly discuss some physical and philosophical
consequences of our main results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114149 </DOCNO>
Potential Connection between Gravity and Nuclear Force


  The electromagnetic and gravitational inverse square laws are microscopic
approximations. I suggest that they should be modified for elementary particles
to use the surface-to-surface separation of the particles rather than the
center-to-center separations. For small particles at microscopic separations,
the ratio between the center-to-center distance D and the surface-to-surface
distance d, D/d, approaches unity. At microscopic separations, this ratio grows
very large. Here I apply this ratio to several microscopic situations and
derive the nuclear coupling constants. I will discuss some of the implications
of this modification to the inverse square law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179673 </DOCNO>
Relativistic mean-field study of light nuclei near drip line


  The relativistic mean field theory is applied to study some exotic properties
of neutron rich nuclei as recently observed, namely, extension of the drip-line
for $F$ nuclei from $^{29}F$ to $^{31}F$ and the appearence of a new shell
closure at neutron number N=16. We find $^{31}F$ to be bound against
one-neutron dripping but unbound only marginally for two neutron separation.
The calculated functional dependence of one-neutron separation energy with
neutron number for different values of $T_Z = (N-Z)/2$ signals a new shell
closure at N=16 for neutron rich nuclei with $T_Z\ge 3$. This is further
corroborated from the study of the deformation and the gap across the Fermi
surface in these light nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1645 </DOCNO>
Binary fluid demixing: The crossover region


  By performing lattice Boltzmann simulations of a binary mixture, we
scrutinize the dynamical scaling hypothesis for the spinodal decomposition of
binary mixtures for the crossover region, i.e. the region of parameters in the
growth curve where neither inertia nor viscous forces dominate the coarsening
process. Our results give no evidence for a breakdown of scaling in this
region, as might arise if the process were limited by molecular scale physics
at the point of fluid pinch-off between domains. A careful data analysis allows
us to refine previous estimates on the width of the crossover region which is
somewhat narrower than previously reported.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76426 </DOCNO>
t -> c H^0 decay in the general two Higgs doublet model


  We study the flavor changing t -> c H^0 decay in the framework of the general
two Higgs doublet model, so called model III. Here, we take the Yukawa
couplings complex and switch on the CP violating effects. We predict the
branching ratio six orders larger compared to the one calculated in the SM,
namely BR ~ 10^{-7}, and observe a measurable CP asymmetry, at the order of
10^{-2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75887 </DOCNO>
Earth effects on supernova neutrinos and their implications for neutrino


  We perform a detailed study of the Earth matter effects on supernova
neutrinos with neutrino oscillation parameter LMA and small $\theta_{13}$. The
Earth effects show significant dependences on the neutrino path length inside
the Earth and the value of $\Delta m^{2}_{12}$. We investigate rather
optimistically a possibility that we can probe the value of $\Delta m^{2}_{12}$
by the Earth effects. We assume that $\theta_{12}$ and the direction of the
supernova are known with enough accuracy and that the resonance that occurs at
higher density in supernova envelope is completely nonadiabatic. Further the
neutrino spectra before neutrinos go through the Earth are assumed to be known.
Then we show that making use of these dependences, we can obtain implication
for the value of $\Delta m^{2}_{12}$ by comparing the observed energy spectrum
to the predicted one. When SK detects neutrinos from supernova at 10kpc which
traveled through the Earth (nadir angle $<$ 80 degree), $\Delta m^{2}_{12}$ can
be determined with an accuracy of $\sim 10%$. In much of the
neutrino-detection-time-$\Delta m^{2}_{12}$ plane, $\Delta m^{2}_{12}$ might be
determined with an accuracy equal to or better than $\pm 0.5 \times 10^{-5}
{\rm eV}^{2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97846 </DOCNO>
A special tiling of the rectangle


  We count tilings of a rectangle of integer sides m-1 and n-1 by a special set
of tiles. The result is obtained fron the study of the kernel of the adjacency
matrix of an n x n rectangular graph of Z x Z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75025 </DOCNO>
Lepton Flavour Mixing Matrix and CP Violation from Neutrino Oscillation


  The measurement of the charged-current 8B solar neutrino reaction on
deuterium at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory confirms the neutrino oscillation
hypothesis for the solar neutrino problem, and the result favours the solution
with large neutrino mixing angles. We demonstrate that the current neutrino
oscillation data (including atmospheric and reactor neutrinos) are sufficient
to construct the lepton flavour mixing matrix with a reasonable accuracy. We
also infer the maximum size of CP violation effects consistent with the current
neutrino oscillation experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1893 </DOCNO>
Quasiclassical negative magnetoresistance of a 2D electron gas:


  We study the quasiclassical magnetotransport of non-interacting fermions in
two dimensions moving in a random array of strong scatterers (antidots,
impurities or defects) on the background of a smooth random potential. We
demonstrate that the combination of the two types of disorder induces a novel
mechanism leading to a strong negative magnetoresistance, followed by the
saturation of the magnetoresistivity $\rho_{xx}(B)$ at a value determined
solely by the smooth disorder. Experimental relevance to the transport in
semiconductor heterostructures is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3703 </DOCNO>
Ground state energies of quantum dots in high magnetic fields: A new


  We present a new method for calculating ground state properties of quantum
dots in high magnetic fields. It takes into account the equilibrium positions
of electrons in a Wigner cluster to minimize the interaction energy in the high
field limit. Assuming perfect spin alignment the many-body trial function is a
single Slater determinant of overlapping oscillator functions from the lowest
Landau level centered at and near the classical equilibrium positions. We
obtain an analytic expression for the ground state energy and present numerical
results for up to N=40.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73763 </DOCNO>
The Rare Decay D^0 -> gamma gamma


  We present a calculation of the rare decay mode D^0 -> gamma gamma, in which
the long distance contributions are expected to be dominant. Using the Heavy
Quark Chiral Perturbation Theory Lagrangian with a strong g coupling as
recently determined by CLEO from the D^* -> D pi width, we consider both the
anomaly contribution which relates to the annihilation part of the weak
Lagrangian and the one-loop pi, K diagrams. The loop contributions which are
proportional to g and contain the a_1 Wilson coefficient are found to dominate
the decay amplitude, which turns out to be mainly parity violating. The
branching ratio is then calculated to be (1.0+-0.5)x10^(-8). Observation of an
order of magnitude larger branching ratio could be indicative of new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76262 </DOCNO>
Helioseismology as a New Constraint on SUSY Dark Matter


  The presence of dark matter in the solar neighbourhood can be tested in the
framework of stellar evolution theory by using the new results of
helioseismology. If weakly interacting massive particles accumulate in the
center of the Sun, they can provide an additional mechanism for transferring
energy from the solar core. The presence of these particles produces a change
in the local luminosity of the Sun of the order of 0.1%, which is now within
the reach of seismic solar experiments. We find that typical WIMPs with a mass
of 60 GeV, annihilation cross-section of 10^{-32} cm^3/sec, and scalar
scattering interaction between 10^{-36} cm^2 and 10^{-41} cm^2, the lower end
of this range being that suggested by the DAMA direct detection experiment,
modify the radial profile of the square of the sound speed in the solar core by
\~ 0.1 %. This level of change is strongly constrained by the most recent
helioseismological results. Significantly more massive WIMPs have a much
smaller effect on the solar core temperature profile. However future
helioseismological experiments have the potential exploring most, if not all,
of the WIMP parameter space accessible to current and planned direct detection
experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114417 </DOCNO>
PLC Based Upgrades for the CAMD Linac and Storage Ring Control System


  Louisiana State University Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices
(CAMD) began a control system upgrade project in early 1997. At the time, the
storage ring was controlled by a VAX/VMS system, primarily using CAMAC for I/O.
The injector Linac was controlled by a separate VME/OS/9 system using custom
I/O components. The storage ring control system has been replaced with a
PC/Linux based system, utilizing the existing CAMAC subsystem [1]. In an effort
to both migrate channels away from CAMAC, and integrate the Linac controls with
the storage ring controls, a design for upgrades utilizing AutomationDirect.com
PLCs was presented [2]. This paper will discuss the detailed design for the
Linac PLC based control system, and discuss the status of PLC upgrades for the
Vacuum system, Kicker controls, 2nd RF system, and utilities monitoring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2660 </DOCNO>
Fermi and Non-Fermi Liquid Behavior of Quantum Impurity Models: A


  We review a systematic many-body method capable of describing Fermi liquid
and Non-Fermi liquid behavior of quantum impurity models at low temperatures on
the same footing. The crossover to the high temperature local moment regime is
covered as well. The approach makes use of a pseudo-particle representation of
the impurity Hilbert space in the limit of infinite Coulomb repulsion $U$ as
well as for finite $U$. Approximations are derived from a generating
Luttinger-Ward functional, in terms of renormalized perturbation theory in the
hybridization $V$. Within a ``conserving T-matrix approximation'' (CTMA),
including all two-particle vertex functions, an infinite series of leading
infrared singular skeleton diagrams is included. The local constraint is
strictly enforced. Applied to the SU(N) $\times$ SU(M) multichannel Anderson
model the method allows to recover the Fermi liquid behavior of the single
channel case, as well as the non-Fermi liquid behavior in the multi-channel
case. The results are compared with the ``non-crossing approximation'' (NCA)
and with data obtained by the numerical renormalization group and the Bethe
ansatz. The generalization of the method to the case of finite on-site
repulsion $U$ is presented in a systematical way and solved on the level of a
generalized NCA, fully symmetric with respect to all virtual excitations of the
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83647 </DOCNO>
Joint and conditional estimation of tagging and parsing models


  This paper compares two different ways of estimating statistical language
models. Many statistical NLP tagging and parsing models are estimated by
maximizing the (joint) likelihood of the fully-observed training data. However,
since these applications only require the conditional probability
distributions, these distributions can in principle be learnt by maximizing the
conditional likelihood of the training data. Perhaps somewhat surprisingly,
models estimated by maximizing the joint were superior to models estimated by
maximizing the conditional, even though some of the latter models intuitively
had access to ``more information''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5493 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation Conductivity in Unconventional Superconductors near Critical


  The fluctuation conductivity $\sigma_{\rm s}$ in bulk superconductors with
non s-wave pairing and with nonmagnetic disorder of strength $D$ is studied at
low $T$ and within the Gaussian approximation. It is shown by assuming a quasi
two-dimensional (2D) electronic state that, only if the gap function
$d_\mu({\p})$ is, as in a 2D p-wave pairing state, linear in the in-plane
(relative) momentum ${\p}_\perp$, the in-plane fluctuation conductivity on the
line $D=D_c$ is weakly divergent in low $T$ limit. The present result may be
useful in clarifying the true gap function of spin-triplet ${\rm Sr_2RuO_4}$
through resistivity measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167927 </DOCNO>
Quantum-Liouville and Langevin Equations for Gravitational Radiation


  From a forward--backward path integral, we derive a master equation for the
emission and absorption of gravitons by a massive quantum object in a heat bath
of gravitons. Such an equation could describe collapse phenomena of dense
stars. We also present a useful approximate Langevin equation for such a
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81180 </DOCNO>
The Isgur-Wise function on the lattice


  The h+, h_A1 form factors for the semi-leptonic B->D and B->D* decays are
evaluated in quenched lattice QCD with beta=6.2. The action and the operators
are fully O(a) non-perturbatively improved. The Isgur-Wise function is
evaluated and fitted to extract its slope; the latter is found to be
rho^2=1.1(2)(3) from the B->D* decay and rho^2=1.0(2)(3) from the B->D decay.
The form factors ratios R_1, R_2 are evaluated and found to be in agreement
with experimental determinations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41231 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the hadronic cross section at KLOE using the radiative


  We report on the measurement of the hadronic cross section below 1GeV at the
electron-positron-collider DAPHNE, using the multiple purpose detector KLOE.
The radiative return, which is due to initial state radiation (e+ e- \to gamma
+ hadrons), allows us to obtain the cross section for variable
center-of-mass-energies of the hadronic system from the 2m_pi threshold up to
1.02GeV. This measurement can be performed while DAPHNE is running with a fixed
accelerator energy on the phi mass (1.02 GeV). For the exclusive process e+ e-
\to pi+ pi- gamma, the status of the analysis and first preliminary results of
the invariant mass spectrum of the two-pion-state are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77114 </DOCNO>
Corrections to quarkonium 1S energy level at O(alpha_S^4 m) from


  We calculate O(alpha_S^4 m) and O(alpha_S^4 m log(alpha_S)) corrections to
the quarkonium 1S energy level analytically, which have been overlooked in
recent studies. These are the contributions from one Coulomb-gluon exchange
with the 1-loop vacuum polarization insertion. A part of the corrections was
computed numerically some time ago; we correct its error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40726 </DOCNO>
A Search for a Narrow Radial Excitation of the D*+/- Meson


  A sample of 3.73 million hadronic Z decays, recorded with the OPAL detector
at LEP in the years 1991-95, has been used to search for a narrow resonance
corresponding to the decay of the D*'+/-(2629) meson into D*+/- pi+ pi-. The
D*+ mesons are reconstructed in the decay channel D*+ -> D0 pi+ with D0 -> K-
pi+. No evidence for a narrow D*'+/-(2629) resonance is found. A limit on the
production of D*'+/-(2629) in hadronic Z decays is derived: f(Z ->
D*'+/-(2629)) x Br(D*'+ -> D*+ pi+ pi-) < 3.1 x 10^{-3} (95% C.L.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76292 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity to Doubly Charged Higgs bosons in the Process $e^- \gamma\


  We study the sensitivity to doubly charged Higgs bosons, $\Delta^{--}$, in
the process $e^-\gamma\to e^+ \mu^-\mu^-$ for centre of mass energies
appropriate to future high energy $e^+e^-$ collider proposals. For $M_\Delta <
\sqrt{s_{e\gamma}}$ discovery is likely for even relatively small values of the
Yukawa coupling to leptons. However, even far above threshold, evidence for the
$\Delta$ can be seen due to contributions from virtual intermediate $\Delta$'s
although, in this case, $\mu^-\mu^-$ final states can only be produced in
sufficient numbers for discovery for relatively large values of the Yukawa
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5226 </DOCNO>
Interacting Electrons in Quantum Dots


  The ground states of N-electron parabolic quantum dots in the presence of a
perpendicular magnetic field are investigated. Rigorous lower bounds to the
ground-state energies are obtained. It is shown that our lower bounds agree
well with the results of exact diagonalization. Analytic results for the lower
bounds to the ground-state energies of the quantum dots in a strong magnetic
field (known as electron molecule) agree very well with numerically calculated
lower bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167929 </DOCNO>
Charged particles in a rotating magnetic field


  We study the valence electron of an alkaline atom or a general charged
particle with arbitrary spin and with magnetic moment moving in a rotating
magnetic field. By using a time-dependent unitary transformation, the
Schr\"odinger equation with the time-dependent Hamiltonian can be reduced to a
Schr\"odinger-like equation with a time-independent effective Hamiltonian.
Eigenstates of the effective Hamiltonian correspond to cyclic solutions of the
original Schr\"odinger equation. The nonadiabatic geometric phase of a cyclic
solution can be expressed in terms of the expectation value of the component of
the total angular momentum along the rotating axis, regardless of whether the
solution is explicitly available. For the alkaline atomic electron and a strong
magnetic field, the eigenvalue problem of the effective Hamiltonian is
completely solved, and the geometric phase turns out to be a linear combination
of two solid angles. For a weak magnetic field, the same problem is solved
partly. For a general charged particle, the problem is solved approximately in
a slowly rotating magnetic field, and the geometric phases are also calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76143 </DOCNO>
The polarised gluon density Delta G(x) from di-jet events at high energy


  We present the potential to determine the polarised gluon density from
boson-gluon fusion processes with di-jet events at future high energy
ep-colliders. These include HERA at DESY operated with polarised electrons and
protons, polarised protons from HERA colliding on polarised electrons from a
future linear collider, and polarised protons from RHIC at BNL colliding on
electrons from a future electron accelerator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96888 </DOCNO>
The Seiberg-Witten invariants and 4-manifolds with essential tori


  A formula is given for the Seiberg-Witten invariants of a 4-manifold that is
cut along certain kinds of 3-dimensional tori. The formula involves a
Seiberg-Witten invariant for each of the resulting pieces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6380 </DOCNO>
Experimental evidence of the dependence of spin tunnelling on the


  We present experimental results on resonant spin tunnelling in a single
crystal of Mn$_{12}$-2Cl benzoate with different concentration of dislocations.
The time evolution of the magnetisation follows the stretched exponential over
a few time decades. The values of parameters of stretched exponential deduced
from experiment have been used to determine the concentration of dislocations
before and after the cooling-annealing process, using the algorithm recently
suggested by Garanin and Chudnovsky.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98398 </DOCNO>
Local action of the symmetric group and the twisted Yang-Baxter relation


  The generalization of the the Yang-Baxter relation is proposed. In this
generalization the spectral parameters of the particles change after the
scattering. The corresponding algebraic structures are discussed. The
corresponding action of the symmetric group is studied. The most interesting
examples of such action are connected with factorization of matrix polynomials
and matrix $theta$-functions. The generalization of the star-triangle relation
is also proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129465 </DOCNO>
Adaptive Mesh Refinement in Computational Astrophysics -- Methods and


  The advent of robust, reliable and accurate higher order Godunov schemes for
many of the systems of equations of interest in computational astrophysics has
made it important to understand how to solve them in multi-scale fashion. This
is so because the physics associated with astrophysical phenomena evolves in
multi-scale fashion and we wish to arrive at a multi-scale simulational
capability to represent the physics. Because astrophysical systems have
magnetic fields, multi-scale magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is of especial
interest. In this paper we first discuss general issues in adaptive mesh
refinement (AMR). We then focus on the important issues in carrying out
divergence-free AMR-MHD and catalogue the progress we have made in that area.
We show that AMR methods lend themselves to easy parallelization. We then
discuss applications of the RIEMANN framework for AMR-MHD to problems in
computational astophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6952 </DOCNO>
Statistics of level spacing of geometric resonances in random binary


  We study the statistics of level spacing of geometric resonances in the
disordered binary networks. For a definite concentration $p$ within the
interval $[0.2,0.7]$, numerical calculations indicate that the unfolded level
spacing distribution $P(t)$ and level number variance $\Sigma^2(L)$ have the
general features. It is also shown that the short-range fluctuation $P(t)$ and
long-range spectral correlation $\Sigma^2(L)$ lie between the profiles of the
Poisson ensemble and Gaussion orthogonal ensemble (GOE). At the percolation
threshold $p_c$, crossover behavior of functions $P(t)$ and $% \Sigma^2(L)$ is
obtained, giving the finite size scaling of mean level spacing $\delta$ and
mean level number $n$, which obey the scaling laws, $% \delta=1.032 L ^{-1.952}
$ and $n=0.911L^{1.970}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73026 </DOCNO>
Transverse energy distributions and $J/\psi$ production in Pb+Pb


  We have analyzed the latest NA50 data on transverse energy distributions and
$J/\psi$ suppression in Pb+Pb collisions. The transverse energy distribution
was analysed in the geometric model of AA collisions. In the geometric model,
fluctuations in the number of NN collisions at fixed impact parameter are taken
into account. Analysis suggests that in Pb+Pb collisions, individual NN
collisions produces less $<E_T>$, than in other AA collisions. The nucleons are
more transparent in Pb+Pb collisions. The transverse energy dependence of the
$J/\psi$ suppression was obtained following the model of Blaizot et al, where
charmonium suppression is assumed to be 100% effective above a threshold
density. With fluctuations in number of NN collisions taken into account, good
fit to the data is obtained, with a single parameter, the threshold density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4500 </DOCNO>
Neural Representation of Probabilistic Information


  It has been proposed that populations of neurons process information in terms
of probability density functions (PDFs) of analog variables. Such analog
variables range, for example, from target luminance and depth on the sensory
interface to eye position and joint angles on the motor output side. The
requirement that analog variables must be processed leads inevitably to a
probabilistic description, while the limited precision and lifetime of the
neuronal processing units leads naturally to a population representation of
information. We show how a time-dependent probability density, residing in a
specified function space of dimension D, may be decoded from the neuronal
activities in a population as a linear combination of certain decoding
functions, with coefficients given by the N firing rates (generally with D <<
N). We show how the neuronal encoding process may be described by projecting a
set of complementary encoding functions on the probability density, and passing
the result through a rectifying nonlinear activation function. We show how both
encoders and decoders may be determined by minimizing cost functions that
quantify the inaccuracy of the representation. Expressing a given computation
in terms of manipulation and transformation of probabilities, we show how this
representation leads to a neural circuit that can carry out the required
computation within a consistent Bayesian framework, with the synaptic weights
being explicitly generated in terms of encoders, decoders, conditional
probabilities, and priors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72567 </DOCNO>
Note on the Impact Parameter Analysis of High Energy Proton Proton


  Following prior analysis for measured pp elastic differential cross section,
the impact parameter representation in terms of profile functions is calculated
from two different parameterizations on single diffractive dissociation data.
The derivative of this quantity with respect to the collision energy squared s
measures the growth rate of the reaction's blackness. Its distribution in
impact parameter space allows detailed insight into the growth pattern of the
total cross section and the approaching unitarity limit. Comparing the results
with the elastic case, the different mechanisms of unitarization of the two
parametrizations are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7070 </DOCNO>
The mechanism of double exponential growth in hyper-inflation


  Analyzing historical data of price indices we find an extraordinary growth
phenomenon in several examples of hyper-inflation in which price changes are
approximated nicely by double-exponential functions of time. In order to
explain such behavior we introduce the general coarse-graining technique in
physics, the Monte Carlo renormalization group method, to the price dynamics.
Starting from a microscopic stochastic equation describing dealers' actions in
open markets we obtain a macroscopic noiseless equation of price consistent
with the observation. The effect of auto-catalytic shortening of characteristic
time caused by mob psychology is shown to be responsible for the
double-exponential behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73838 </DOCNO>
Nonperturbative Effects from the Resummation of Perturbation Theory


  Using the general argument in Borel resummation of perturbation theory that
links the divergent perturbation theory to the nonperturbative effect we argue
that the nonperturbative effect associated with the perturbation theory should
have a branch cut only along the positive real axis in the complex coupling
plane. The component in the weak coupling expansion of the nonperturbative
amplitude, which usually includes the leading term in the weak coupling
expansion, that gives rise to the branch cut can be calculated in principle
from the perturbation theory combined with some exactly calculable properties
of the nonperturbative effect. Realization of this mechanism is demonstrated in
the double well potential and the two-dimensional O(N) nonlinear sigma model.
In these models the leading term in weak coupling of the nonperturbative effect
can be obtained with good accuracy from the first terms of the perturbation
theory. Applying this mechanism to the infrared renormalon induced
nonperturbative effect in QCD, we suggest some of the QCD condensate effects
can be calculated in principle from the perturbation theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123799 </DOCNO>
Molecular Gas and Star Formation in the Nucleus of IC 342:C$^{18}$O and


  We present high resolution maps ($\sim 2^{''}$) maps of the J=1-0 and J=2-1
transitions of C$^{18}$O in the central $\sim 150$ pc of the gas-rich nucleus
of IC 342, made with the Owens Valley Millimeter Array. From the C$^{18}$O maps
we are able to obtain the most accurate map of N$_{H_{2}}$ to date for IC 342.
Due to their low opacities, the transitions of C$^{18}$O give a more reliable
estimate of the true molecular gas column density distribution than the more
common $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO isotopomers. The morphology of the C$^{18}$O
emission in the nucleus is a mini-spiral similar to that of the main
isotopomer, $^{12}$CO, except it is more symmetric, lacking the enhancements to
north. We suggest that the asymmetries present in $^{12}$CO images may reflect
the viewing perspective of the starburst region biased by the high optical
depths of $^{12}$CO, rather than true asymmetries in the amount of molecular
gas present. The giant molecular clouds seen in C$^{18}$O appear to be
nonspherical, probably due to tidal arm shearing. Column densities determined
from C$^{18}$O observations, 1.3 mm dust continuum, and the virial theorem
indicate that the standard Galactic conversion factor, X$_{CO}$, overestimates
the amount of molecular gas in the center of IC 342 by a factor of $\sim$2-3 at
the molecular cloud peaks, and by $>$3 in the diffuse gas away from the
starburst. Revised molecular masses based on this conversion factor imply that
star formation efficiencies in the starburst region are very high. From the
distribution of gas and star formation it appears that the sites of star
formation are dynamically determined, rather than driven by density peaks. Near
the central star-forming region, evidence is seen for chemical enrichment of
C$^{18}$O due to massive stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74979 </DOCNO>
DCC Dynamics in (2+1)D-O(3) model


  The dynamics of symmetry-breaking after a quench is numerically simulated on
a lattice for the (2+1)-dimensional O(3) model. In addition to the standard
sigma-model with temperature-dependent Phi^4-potential the energy functional
includes a four-derivative current-current coupling to stabilize the size of
the emerging extended topological textures. The total winding number can be
conserved by constraint. As a model for the chiral phase transition during the
cooling phase after a hadronic collision this allows to investigate the
interference of 'baryon-antibaryon' production with the developing disoriented
aligned domains. The growth of angular correlations, condensate, average
orientation is studied in dependence of texture size, quench rate, symmetry
breaking. The classical dissipative dynamics determines the rate of energy
emitted from the relaxing source for each component of the 3-vector field which
provides a possible signature for domains of Disoriented Chiral Condensate. We
find that the 'pions' are emitted in two distinct pulses; for sufficiently
small lattice size the second one carries the DCC signal, but it is strongly
suppressed as compared to simultaneous 'sigma'-meson emission. We compare the
resulting anomalies in the distributions of DCC pions with probabilities
derived within the commonly used coherent state formalism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86877 </DOCNO>
Inverse dualisation and non-local dualities between Einstein gravity and


  We investigate non-local dualities between suitably compactified
higher-dimensional Einstein gravity and supergravities which can be revealed if
one reinterprets the dualised Kaluza-Klein two-forms in $D>4$ as antisymmetric
forms belonging to supergravities. We find several examples of such a
correspondence including one between the six-dimensional Einstein gravity and
the four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion theory (truncated N=4
supergravity), and others between the compactified eleven and ten-dimensional
supergravities and the eight or ten-dimensional pure gravity. The Killing
spinor equation of the D=11 supergravity is shown to be equivalent to the
geometric Killing spinor equation in the dual gravity. We give several examples
of using new dualities for solution generation and demonstrate how $p$-branes
can be interpreted as non-local duals of pure gravity solutions. New
supersymmetric solutions are presented including $M2\subset 5$-brane with two
rotation parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7317 </DOCNO>
Intra- site 4f-5d electronic correlations in the quadrupolar model of


  As a possible mechanism of the $\gamma-\alpha$ phase transition in pristine
cerium a change of the electronic density from a disordered state with symmetry
Fm-3m to an ordered state Pa-3 has been proposed. Here we include on-site and
inter- site electron correlations involving one localized 4f-electron and one
conduction 5d-electron per atom. The model is used to calculate the crystal
field of $\gamma$-Ce and the temperature evolution of the mean-field of
$\alpha$-Ce. The formalism can be applied to crystals where quadrupolar
ordering involves several electrons on the same site.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5462 </DOCNO>
Continuum theory of partially fluidized granular flows


  A continuum theory of partially fluidized granular flows is developed. The
theory is based on a combination of the equations for the flow velocity and
shear stresses coupled with the order parameter equation which describes the
transition between flowing and static components of the granular system. We
apply this theory to several important granular problems: avalanche flow in
deep and shallow inclined layers, rotating drums and shear granular flows
between two plates. We carry out quantitative comparisons between the theory
and experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 351 </DOCNO>
Static magnetic correlations near the insulating-superconducting phase


  An elastic neutron scattering study has been performed on several single
crystals of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ for {\it x} near the lower critical
concentration {\it x$_{c}$} for superconductivity. % In the insulating
spin-glass phase ({\it x} = 0.04 and 0.053), the previously reported
one-dimensional spin modulation along the orthorhombic {\it b}-axis is
confirmed. % Just inside the superconducting phase ({\it x} = 0.06), however,
two pairs of incommensurate magnetic peaks are additionally observed
corresponding to the spin modulation parallel to the tetragonal axes. % These
two types of spin modulations with similar incommensurabilities coexist near
the boundary. % The peak-width $\kappa$ along spin-modulation direction
exhibits an anomalous maximum in the superconducting phase near {\it x$_{c}$},
where the incommensurability $\delta$ monotonically increases upon doping
across the phase boundary. % These results are discussed in connection with the
doping-induced superconducting phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97208 </DOCNO>
Mirror Symmetry on Kummer Type K3 Surfaces


  We investigate both geometric and conformal field theoretic aspects of mirror
symmetry on N=(4,4) superconformal field theories with central charge c=6. Our
approach enables us to determine the action of mirror symmetry on (non-stable)
singular fibers in elliptic fibrations of Z_N orbifold limits of K3. The
resulting map gives an automorphism of order 4,8, or 12, respectively, on the
smooth universal cover of the moduli space. We explicitly derive the geometric
counterparts of the twist fields in our orbifold conformal field theories. The
classical McKay correspondence allows for a natural interpretation of our
results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4886 </DOCNO>
Even-odd behavior of conductance in monatomic sodium wires


  With the aid of the Friedel sum rule, we perform first-principles
calculations of conductances through monatomic Na wires, taking into account
the sharp tip geometry and discrete atomic structure of electrodes. We find
that conductances (G) depend on the number (L) of atoms in the wires; G is G_0
(= 2e^2/h) for odd L, independent of the wire geometry, while G is generally
smaller than $G_0$ and sensitive to the wire structure for even L. This
even-odd behavior is attributed to the charge neutrality and resonant character
due to the sharp tip structure. We suggest that similar even-odd behavior may
appear in other monovalent atomic wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95923 </DOCNO>
Remark on the Serre-Swan theorem for non-compact manifolds


  The Serre-Swan theorem provides the link between projective modules of finite
rank and vector bundles over compact manifolds, and plays a prominent role in
non-commutative geometry. Its extension to non-compact manifolds is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86593 </DOCNO>
Recurrence metrics and the physics of closed time-like curves


  We investigate vacuum solutions of Einstein's equation for a universe with an
S^1 topology of time. Such a universe behaves like a time-machine and has
geodesics which coincide with closed time-like curves (CTCs). A system evolving
along a CTC experiences the Loschmidt velocity reversion and undergoes a
recurrence commensurate with the universal period. We indicate why this
universe is free of the causality paradoxes, usually associated with CTCs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86914 </DOCNO>
Is Einstein's equivalence principle valid for a quantum particle?


  Einstein's equivalence principle in classical physics is a rule stating that
the effect of gravitation is locally equivalent to the acceleration of an
observer. The principle determines the motion of test particles uniquely
(modulo very broad general assumptions). We show that the same principle
applied to a quantum particle described by a wave function on a Newtonian
gravitational background determines its motion with a similar degree of
uniqueness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75585 </DOCNO>
Massive neutrinos and lepton-flavour-violating processes


  If neutrino masses and mixings are suitable to explain the atmospheric and
solar neutrino fluxes, this amounts to contributions to FCNC processes, in
particular $\mu\to e, \gamma$. If the theory is supersymmetric and the origin
of the masses is a see-saw mechanism, we show that the prediction for
BR($\mu\to e, \gamma$) is in general larger than the experimental upper bound,
especially if the solar data are explained by a large angle MSW effect, which
recent analyses suggest as the preferred scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86371 </DOCNO>
On the question of trapped surfaces and black holes


  There are many observational evidences for the detection of compact objects
with masses significantly larger (in galactic cases) or much larger (in
extragalactic cases) than the upper limits of masses of em cold Neutron Stars.
Such compact objects are commonly interpreted as Black Holes (BHs). However, we
point out that while such Black Hole Candidates (BHCs) must be similar to BHs
in many respects they, actually, can not be BHs because existence of Black
Holes would violate the basic tenet of the General Theory of Relativity that
the worldline of a material particle must be TIMELIKE at any regular region of
spacetime. We arrive at this unique conclusion by approaching the problem from
various directions. We feel that such ``operational'' Black Holes could be able
to explain hard X-ray tail found in the galactic BHCs because Lorentz factor of
the plasma accreting on such objects should be considerably higher than the
corresponding NS case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127409 </DOCNO>
Galactic Magnetic Field Structure and Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray


  We consider the effects of the Galactic magnetic field on the propagation of
ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). By employing two methods of trajectory
simulation, we investigate the possibility that UHECRs are produced within the
Galaxy with paths strongly influenced by the Galactic magnetic field. Such
trajectories have the potential to reconcile the existing conflict between
proposed local sources and isotropic UHECR arrival directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150103 </DOCNO>
On N=1 Mirror Symmetry for Open Type II Strings


  We study the open string extension of the mirror map for N=1 supersymmetric
type II vacua with D-branes on non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds. Its definition
is given in terms of a system of differential equations that annihilate certain
period and chain integrals. The solutions describe the flat coordinates on the
N=1 parameter space, and the exact disc instanton corrected superpotential on
the D-brane world-volume. A gauged linear sigma model for the combined
open-closed string system is also given. It allows to use methods of toric
geometry to describe D-brane phase transitions and the N=1 K\"ahler cone.
Applications to a variety of D-brane geometries are described in some detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4846 </DOCNO>
A thick shell Casimir effect


  We consider the Casimir energy of a thick dielectric-diamagnetic shell under
a uniform velocity light condition, as a function of the radii and the
permeabilities. We show that there is a range of parameters in which the stress
on the outer shell is inward, and a range where the stress on the outer shell
is outward. We examine the possibility of obtaining an energetically stable
configuration of a thick shell made of a material with a fixed volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 348 </DOCNO>
Diffusion in Stationary Flow from Mesoscopic Non-equilibrium


  We analyze the diffusion of a Brownian particle in a fluid under stationary
flow. By using the scheme of non-equilibrium thermodynamics in phase space, we
obtain the Fokker-Planck equation which is compared with others derived from
kinetic theory and projector operator techniques. That equation exhibits
violation of the fluctuation dissipation-theorem. By implementing the
hydrodynamic regime described by the first moments of the non-equilibrium
distribution, we find relaxation equations for the diffusion current and
pressure tensor, allowing us to arrive at a complete description of the system
in the inertial and diffusion regimes. The simplicity and generality of the
method we propose, makes it applicable to more complex situations, often
encountered in problems of soft condensed matter, in which not only one but
more degrees of freedom are coupled to a non-equilibrium bath.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97164 </DOCNO>
Positive Energy Representations of the Loop Groups of Non Simply


  We classify and construct all irreducible positive energy representations of
the loop group of a compact, connected and simple Lie group and show that they
admit an intertwining action of Diff(S^{1}).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41795 </DOCNO>
Effects of neutrino oscillations on the supernova signal in LVD


  We study the impact of neutrino oscillations on the supernova neutrino signal
in the Large Volume Detector (LVD). The number of expected events for a
galactic supernova (D=10 kpc) is calculated, assuming neutrino masses and
mixing that explain solar and atmospheric neutrino results. The possibility to
detect neutrinos in different channels makes LVD sensitive to different
scenarios for neutrino properties, such as normal or inverted neutrino mass
hierarchy, and/or adiabatic or non adiabatic MSW resonances associated to
U(e3). Of particular importance are the charged current reactions on carbon:
oscillations increase by almost one order of magnitude the number of events
expected from this channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6104 </DOCNO>
Polydisperse fluid mixtures of adhesive colloidal particles


  We investigate polydispersity effects on the average structure factor of
colloidal suspensions of neutral particles with surface adhesion. A sticky hard
sphere model alternative to Baxter's one is considered. The choice of
factorizable stickiness parameters in the potential allows a simple analytic
solution, within the ``mean spherical approximation'', for any number of
components and arbitrary stickiness distribution. Two particular cases are
discussed: i) all particles have different sizes but equal stickiness (Model
I), and ii) each particle has a stickiness proportional to its size (Model II).
The interplay between attraction and polydispersity yields a markedly different
behaviour for the two Models in regimes of strong coupling (i.e. strong
adhesive forces and low temperature) and large polydispersity. These results
are then exploited to reanalyze experimental scattering data on sterically
stabilized silica particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124388 </DOCNO>
The ISM Interactions of a Runaway LBV Nebula in the LMC


  New observations of the Magellanic Cloud Luminous Blue Variable candidate
S119 (HD269687) show the relationship of the star to its environs. Echelle
spectroscopy and high-resolution HST imagery reveal an expanding bubble
centered on the star. This bubble appears in both Halpha and [NII] and is
noticeably brighter on the near (blue-shifted) side. The systemic velocity of
both the expanding bubble and the star itself (as seen by the very broad Halpha
emission feature in the stellar spectrum) is V_hel=160 km/s whereas the
velocity of the superposed LMC ISM is 250-300 km/s. ISM absorption features
seen in FUSE spectra reveal components at both stellar and LMC velocities. Thus
we conclude that S119 is located within the LMC ISM and that the bubble is
interacting strongly with the ISM in a bow shock.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149563 </DOCNO>
Quantum Algebras and Quantum Physics


  In Quantum Mechanics operators must be hermitian and, in a direct product
space, symmetric. These properties are saved by Lie algebra operators but not
by those of quantum algebras. A possible correspondence between observables and
quantum algebra operators is suggested by extending the definition of matrix
elements of a physical observable, including the eventual projection on the
appropriate symmetric space. This allows to build in the Lie space of
representations one-parameter families of operators belonging to the enveloping
Lie algebra that satisfy an approximate symmetry and have the properties
required by physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97244 </DOCNO>
Particle description of zero energy vacuum. I. Virtual particles


  First the "frame problem" is sketched: the motion of an isolated particle
obeys a simple law in galilean frames, but how does the galilean character of
the frame manifest itself at the place of the particle? A description of vacuum
as a system of virtual particles will help to answer this question. For future
application to such a description, the notion of global particle is defined and
studied. To this end, a systematic use of the Fourier transformation on the
Poincare group is needed. The state of a system of n free particles is
represented by a statistical operator W, which defines an operator-valued
measure on the n-th power of the dual of the Poincare group. The inverse
Fourier-Stieltjes transform of that measure is called the characteristic
function of the system; it is a function on the n-th power of the Poincare
group. The main notion is that of global characteristic function: it is the
restriction of the characteristic function to the diagonal subgroup ; it
represents the state of the system, considered as a single particle. The main
properties of characteristic functions, and particularly of global
characteristic functions, are studied. A mathematical Appendix defines two
functional spaces involved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41842 </DOCNO>
CPT Results from KTeV


  I present several preliminary measurements from KTeV of the fundamental
neutral kaon parameters, and their implications for CPT violation. A new limit
is given on the sidereal time dependence of $\phi_{+-}$. The results are based
on data collected in 1996-97.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76001 </DOCNO>
Out of Equilibrium Dynamics of Supersymmetry at High Energy Density


  We investigate the out of equilibrium dynamics of global chiral supersymmetry
at finite energy density. We concentrate on two specific models. The first is
the massive Wess-Zumino model which we study in a selfconsistent one-loop
approximation. We find that for energy densities above a certain threshold, the
fields are driven dynamically to a point in field space at which the fermionic
component of the superfield is massless. The state, however is found to be
unstable, indicating a breakdown of the one-loop approximation. To investigate
further, we consider an O(N) massive chiral model which is solved exactly in
the large $N$ limit. For sufficiently high energy densities, we find that for
late times the fields reach a nonperturbative minimum of the effective
potential degenerate with the perturbative minimum. This minimum is a true
attractor for O(N) invariant states at high energy densities, and this provides
a mechanism for determining which of the otherwise degenerate vacua is chosen
by the dynamics. The final state for large energy density is a cloud of
massless particles (both bosons and fermions) around this new nonperturbative
supersymmetric minimum. By introducing boson masses which softly break the
supersymmetry, we demonstrate a see-saw mechanism for generating small fermion
masses. We discuss some of the cosmological implications of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3177 </DOCNO>
A Simple Model of Liquid-liquid Phase Transitions


  In recent years, a second fluid-fluid phase transition has been reported in
several materials at pressures far above the usual liquid-gas phase transition.
In this paper, we introduce a new model of this behavior based on the
Lennard-Jones interaction with a modification to mimic the different kinds of
short-range orientational order in complex materials. We have done Monte Carlo
studies of this model that clearly demonstrate the existence of a second
first-order fluid-fluid phase transition between high- and low-density liquid
phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129199 </DOCNO>
A Search for Intra-group Planetary Nebulae in the M 81 Group


  We present the initial results from an [O III] lambda 5007 survey for
intra-group planetary nebulae in the M 81 group of galaxies. A total of 0.36
square degrees of the survey have been analyzed thus far, and a total of four
intra-group candidates have been detected. These data allow us to probe the
physics of galaxy interactions in small groups, and give us an upper limit for
the density of intracluster starlight. We find that the M 81 group has less
than 3% of its stars in an intra-group component; this is much less than the
fraction found in richer galaxy clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99086 </DOCNO>
Can our number system be improved?


  Our number system is a magnificent tool. But it is far from perfect. Can it
be improved? In this paper some possibilities are discussed, including the use
of a different base or directed (negative as well as positive) numerals. We
also put forward some suggestions for further research.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6671 </DOCNO>
Double Potts chain and exact results for some two-dimensional models


  A closed-form exact analytical solution for the q-state Potts model on a
ladder 2 x oo with arbitrary two-, three-, and four-site interactions in a unit
cell is presented. Using the obtained solution it is shown that the finite-size
internal energy equation yields an accurate value of the critical temperature
for the triangular Potts lattice with three-site interactions in alternate
triangular faces. It is argued that the above equation is exact at least for
self-dual models on isotropic lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98869 </DOCNO>
Quasi-Projectivity of Moduli Spaces


  By means of analytic methods the quasi-projectivity of the moduli space of
algebraically polarized varieties with a not necessarily reduced complex
structure is proven including the case of non-uniruled polarized varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75352 </DOCNO>
Decay constants, light quark masses and quark mass bounds from light


  The flavor $ud$ and $us$ pseudoscalar correlators are investigated using
families of finite energy sum rules (FESR's) known to be very accurately
satisfied in the isovector vector channel. It is shown that the combination of
constraints provided by the full set of these sum rules is sufficiently strong
to allow determination of both the light quark mass combinations $m_u+m_d$,
$m_s+m_u$ and the decay constants of the first excited pseudoscalar mesons in
these channels. The resulting masses and decay constants are also shown to
produce well-satisfied Borel transformed sum rules, thus providing non-trivial
constraints on the treatment of direct instanton effects in the FESR analysis.
The values of $m_u+m_d$ and $m_s+m_u$ obtained are in good agreement with the
values implied by recent hadronic $\tau$ decay analyses and the ratios obtained
from ChPT. New light quark mass bounds based on FESR's involving weight
functions which strongly suppress spectral contributions from the excited
resonance region are also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124149 </DOCNO>
Low order p-modes in a bipolytropic model of the Sun


  Based on the Solar Standard Model we developed a solar model in hydrostatic
equilibrium using two polytropes that describes both the "radiative" and
"convective" zones of the solar interior. Then we apply small periodic and
adiabatic perturbations on this bipolytropic model in order to obtain proper
frequencies and proper functions. The frequencies obtained are in the "p-modes"
range of low order l<20 which agrees with the observational data, particularly
with the so called five minutes solar oscillations.
  Key Words: Solar Standard Model, Lane-Emden, Non Radial Oscillations,
p-modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75651 </DOCNO>
Mass matrices and eigenstates for scalars / pseudoscalars; indirect CP


  I study indirect CP violation for neutral kaons, and extend it to large
values of the CP-violating parameter (taken to be real). I show how and at
which condition there can exist a continuous set of basis in which the kinetic
and mass terms in the Lagrangian can be diagonalized simultaneously. An
ambiguity results for the mass spectrum, which then depends on the basis. In
particular, for fixed (positive) (mass)^2 of the CP eigenstates K^0_1, K^0_2,
and for certain ranges of values of the CP-violating parameter, a negative
(mass)^2 can arise in the CP-violating basis. Under certain conditions, even a
small perturbation, by lifting the ambiguity, can strongly alter the pattern of
masses. These investigations extend in a natural way to indirect CP violation
among a set of Higgs-like doublets. The C-odd commutator [K^0, K^0 bar], or its
equivalent for Higgs multiplets, plays an important role. The condition for its
vanishing and its consequences are among the main concerns of this work.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179320 </DOCNO>
Pairing correlations. Part 1: description of odd nuclei in mean-field


  In order to extract informations on pairing correlations in nuclei from
experimental mass differences, the different contributions to odd-even mass
differences are investigated within the Skyrme HFB method. In this first paper,
the description of odd nuclei within HFB is discussed since it is the key point
for the understanding of the above mentioned contributions. To go from an even
nucleus to an odd one, the advantage of a two steps process is demonstrated and
its physical content is discussed. New results concerning time-reversal
symmetry breaking in odd-nuclei are also reported.
  PACS: 21.10Dr; 21.10.Hw; 21.30.-x.
  Keywords: Mean-field theories; Pairing correlations; odd nuclei;

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81186 </DOCNO>
Spin splittings among charmed hadrons


  The mass differences between spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 baryons are compared to
the mass differences between spin-0 and spin-1 mesons. Results of simulations
for charmed hadrons in the quenched approximation from a tadpole-improved
anisotropic action are discussed in the context of other lattice calculations,
quark model predictions, heavy quark symmetry predictions and experimental
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76504 </DOCNO>
A new interpretation of the QCD phase transition and of strangeness as


  We address the question of how to identify the QCD phase transition using
measured light (u,d,s-structured) hadrons, without invoking comparison to the
QCD $\epsilon_c$ predictions, and extract $\epsilon_c$ from the data. We
analyse several particle and nuclear collisions and extract their chemical
freeze-out temperature $T$ at zero baryochemical potential ($\mu_B$). We find
at $\mu_B=0$ a universal rise and saturation of both the $T$ and of the
strangeness suppression factor $\lambda_s$ (=$\frac {2\bar{s}} {\bar{u} +
\bar{d}} $) with increasing initial energy density ($\epsilon_i$). The onset of
saturation of both $T$ and $\lambda_s$, is interpreted as due to the event of
the QCD phase transition. The critical energy density is estimated to be
$\epsilon_c$ $\sim$ 1 +0.3 -0.5 GeV/fm$^3$, corresponding approximately to a
$\sqrt{s}$ of $\sim$ 8.8 GeV for central Pb+Pb collisions. Concerning the role
of strangeness, we identify trivial and non-trivial sources of strangeness
enhancement: The peak of $\lambda_s$ in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=8.8 GeV
and other phenomena of 'strangeness enhancement' defined with respect to p+p
data, are trivially traced back to the different baryochemical potentials and
$\epsilon_i$ of the compared systems. A non trivial redefined '$\lambda_s$
enhancement' is however also present. The netbaryonfree $\lambda_s$ limit is
estimated to be approximately reached in Au+Au collisions at the LHC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95613 </DOCNO>
Holonomic approximation and Gromov's h-principle


  In 1969 M. Gromov in his PhD thesis greatly generalized Smale-Hirsch-Phillips
immersion-submersion theory by proving what is now called the h-principle for
invariant open differential relations over open manifolds. Gromov extracted the
original geometric idea of Smale and put it to work in the maximal possible
generality. Gromov's thesis was brought to the West by A. Phillips and was
popularized in his talks. However, most western mathematicians first learned
about Gromov's theory from A. Haefliger's article. The current paper is devoted
to the same subject as the papers of Gromov and Haefliger. It seems to us that
we further purified Smale-Gromov's original idea by extracting from it a simple
but very general theorem about holonomic approximation of sections of
jet-bundles (see Theorem 1.2.1 below). We show below that Gromov's theorem as
well as some other results in the h-principle spirit are immediate corollaries
of Theorem 1.2.1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3977 </DOCNO>
SU(2)_0 and OSp(2|2)_{-2} WZNW models : Two current algebras, one


  We show that the SU(2)_0 WZNW model has a hidden OSp(2|2)_{-2} symmetry. Both
these theories are known to have logarithms in their correlation functions. We
also show that, like OSp(2|2)_{-2}, the logarithmic structure present in the
SU(2)_0 model is due to the underlying c=-2 sector. We also demonstrate that
the quantum Hamiltonian reduction of SU(2)_0 leads very directly to the
correlation functions of the c=-2 model. We also discuss some of the novel
boundary effects which can take place in this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169420 </DOCNO>
Comment on "The Quantum State of a Propagating Laser Field"


  We comment on the theoretical quantum state of a propagating laser field
proposed by van Enk and Fuchs [quant-ph/0104036, quant-ph/0111157] and clarify
that the multimode description of the propagating laser field does not modify
our analysis of continuous variable quantum teleportation [quant-ph/0103147].
Furthermore we point out that the ``complete measurements'' discussed by van
Enk and Fuchs have not been achieved by existing technology and may not be
possible even in principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2484 </DOCNO>
Superconducting properties of well-shaped MgB2 single crystal


  We report measurements of the transport and the magnetic properties of
high-quality, sub-millimeter-sized MgB2 single crystals with clear
hexagonal-plate shapes. The low-field magnetization and the magnetic hysteresis
curves show the vortex pinning of these crystals to be very weak. The Debye
temperature of $\Theta_{D}\sim 1100$ K, obtained from the zero-field resistance
curve, suggests that the normal-state transport properties are dominated by
electron-phonon interactions. The resistivity ratio between 40 K and 300 K was
about 5, and the upper critical field anisotropy ratio was 3 $\pm$ 0.2 at
temperatures around 32 K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169504 </DOCNO>
Weak Values, Quantum Trajectories, and the Stony-Brook Cavity QED


  Weak values as introduced by Aharonov, Albert and Vaidman (AAV) are ensemble
average values for the results of weak measurements. They are interesting when
the ensemble is preselected on a particular initial state and postselected on a
particular final measurement result. I show that weak values arise naturally in
quantum optics, as weak measurements occur whenever an open system is monitored
(as by a photodetector). I use quantum trajectory theory to derive a
generalization of AAV's formula to include (a) mixed initial conditions, (b)
nonunitary evolution, (c) a generalized (non-projective) final measurement, and
(d) a non-back-action-evading weak measurement. I apply this theory to the
recent Stony-Brook cavity QED experiment demonstrating wave-particle duality
[G.T. Foster, L.A. Orozco, H.M. Castro-Beltran, and H.J. Carmichael, Phys. Rev.
Lett. {85}, 3149 (2000)]. I show that the ``fractional'' correlation function
measured in that experiment can be recast as a weak value in a form as simple
as that introduced by AAV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41117 </DOCNO>
The Standard Model Prediction for epsilon'/epsilon


  We present a detailed analysis of epsilon'/epsilon within the Standard Model,
taking into account the strong enhancement through final-state interactions
identified in refs. [1] and [2]. The relevant hadronic matrix elements are
fixed at leading order in the 1/N_C expansion, through a matching procedure
between the effective short-distance Lagrangian and its corresponding
low-energy description in Chiral Perturbation Theory. All large logarithms are
summed up, both at short and long distances. Two different numerical analyses
are performed, using either the experimental or the theoretical value for
epsilon, with compatible results. We obtain Re(epsilon'/epsilon) = (1.7 +-
0.9)*10^{-3}. The error is dominated by the uncertainty in the value of the
strange quark mass and the estimated corrections from unknown 1/N_C-suppressed
local contributions. A better estimate of the strange quark mass would reduce
the uncertainty to about 30%. The Standard Model prediction agrees with the
present experimental world average Re(epsilon'/epsilon) =(1.93 +-
0.24)*10^{-3}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1076 </DOCNO>
Collisional Frequency Shifts of Absorption Lines in an Atomic Hydrogen


  We consider the effect of interactions on the line shape of the two-photon
1s-2s transition in a (doubly) spin-polarized atomic hydrogen gas in terms of
the interatomic interaction potentials. We show that the frequency-weighted sum
rule for the intensity of the line is not given simply in terms of the
pseudopotentials that describe the interactions between low-energy atoms. The
origin of the departures from the simple pseudopotential result for the
frequency-weighted sum rule is traced to what we refer to as incoherent
contributions to the spectral weight. These arise from more complicated final
states of the many-body system than the ones usually considered. In particular,
we show how the relevant response function may be treated in a manner similar
to the density-density response function for Fermi liquids, and express it as a
coherent part coming from single particle-hole pairs, and an incoherent part
coming from other excitations. We argue that in experiments only the coherent
part of the response of the system is observed, and its contribution to the
frequency-weighted sum rule is shown to be given correctly by the
pseudopotential approximation. Finally we calculate the width of the coherent
part of the line due to collisional damping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179242 </DOCNO>
Fast nuclear rotation and octupole deformation


  The 150Sm nucleus has been studied to high spins in a measurement of gamma
radiation following the 136Xe(18O,4n)150Sm, compound-nucleus reaction at beam
energy of 76 MeV. The measurement was performed at NBI Riso using the NORDBALL
array. Alternating parity, s=+1 band in 150Sm has been observed up to spin
I=22. This band is crossed by two aligned bands, corresponding to a
reflection-symmetric shape. After the second crossing the s=+1 band ends
abruptly, suggesting that the octupole shape vanishes in 150Sm above spin I=22,
as predicted by calculations. Other explanations, assuming continuation of the
s=+1 band past the two alignments are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 369 </DOCNO>
Coherent-State Approach to Two-dimensional Electron Magnetism


  We study in this paper the possible occurrence of orbital magnetim for
two-dimensional electrons confined by a harmonic potential in various regimes
of temperature and magnetic field. Standard coherent state families are used
for calculating symbols of various involved observables like thermodynamical
potential, magnetic moment, or spatialdistribution of current. Their
expressions are given in a closed form and the resulting Berezin-Lieb
inequalities provide a straightforward way to study magnetism in various limit
regimes. In particular, we predict a paramagnetic behaviour in the
thermodynamical limit as well as in the quasiclassical limit under a weak
field. Eventually, we obtain an exact expression for the magnetic moment which
yields a full description of the phase diagram of the magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83608 </DOCNO>
A Decision Tree of Bigrams is an Accurate Predictor of Word Sense


  This paper presents a corpus-based approach to word sense disambiguation
where a decision tree assigns a sense to an ambiguous word based on the bigrams
that occur nearby. This approach is evaluated using the sense-tagged corpora
from the 1998 SENSEVAL word sense disambiguation exercise. It is more accurate
than the average results reported for 30 of 36 words, and is more accurate than
the best results for 19 of 36 words.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168790 </DOCNO>
Deformation of quantum mechanics in fractional-dimensional space


  A new kind of deformed calculus (the D-deformed calculus) that takes place in
fractional-dimensional spaces is presented. The D-deformed calculus is shown to
be an appropriate tool for treating fractional-dimensional systems in a simple
way and quite analogous to their corresponding one-dimensional partners. Two
simple systems, the free particle and the harmonic oscillator in fractional-
dimensional spaces are reconsidered into the framework of the D-deformed
quantum mechanics. Confined states in a D-deformed quantum well are studied.
D-deformed coherent states are also found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148119 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Solitons and Intersecting D-Branes


  We construct intersecting D-branes as noncommutative solitons in bosonic and
type II string theory. ``Defect'' branes which are D-branes containing bubbles
of the closed string vacuum play an important role in the construction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1173 </DOCNO>
Study of Low Energy Spin Rotons in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect


  Motivated by the discovery of extremely low energy collective modes in the
fractional quantum Hall effect (Kang, Pinczuk {\em et al.}), with energies
below the Zeeman energy, we study theoretically the spin reversed excitations
for fractional quantum Hall states at $\nu=2/5$ and 3/7 and find qualitatively
different behavior than for $\nu=1/3$. We find that a low-energy,
charge-neutral "spin roton," associated with spin reversed excitations that
involve a change in the composite-fermion Landau level index, has energy in
reasonable agreement with experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149867 </DOCNO>
Boundary Liouville Field Theory: Boundary Three Point Function


  Liouville field theory is considered on domains with conformally invariant
boundary conditions. We present an explicit expression for the three point
function of boundary fields in terms of the fusion coefficients which determine
the monodromy properties of the conformal blocks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76949 </DOCNO>
Neutron-Proton High-Energy Charge Exchange Scattering


  The high energy proton-neutron charge exchange scattering reaction is studied
in an effective hadron model for the energy range of s from 45.9 to 414.61
GeV*GeV. The main features of the observed differential cross section, the
forward peak and the scaling behavior over a large energy region, are well
reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75277 </DOCNO>
Top Quark Pair Production at $e^+e^-$ Colliders in the Topcolor-assisted


  In the framework of topcolor-assisted technicolor model we calculate the
contributions from the pseudo Goldstone bosons and new gauge bosons to $e^+e^-
\to t\bar{t}$. We find that, for reasonable ranges of the parameters, the
pseudo Goldstone bosons afford dominate contribution, the correction arising
from new gauge bosons is negligibly small, the maximum of the relative
corrections is -10% with the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=500$ GeV; whereas
in case of $\sqrt{s}=1500$ GeV, the relative corrections could be up to 16%.
Thus large new physics might be observable at the experiments of
next-generation linear colliders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125159 </DOCNO>
Nonthermal X-Ray Emission from G266.2-1.2 (RX J0852.0-4622)


  The newly discovered supernova remnant G266.2-1.2 (RX J0852.0-4622), along
the line of sight to the Vela SNR, was observed with ASCA for 120 ks. We find
that the X-ray spectrum is featureless, and well described by a power law,
extending to three the class of shell-type SNRs dominated by nonthermal X-ray
emission. Although the presence of the Vela SNR compromises our ability to
accurately determine the column density, the GIS data appear to indicate
absorption considerably in excess of that for Vela itself, indicating that
G266.2-1.2 may be several times more distant. An unresolved central source may
be an associated neutron star, though difficulties with this interpretation
persist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74457 </DOCNO>
T-odd correlation in the $K_{l 3 \gamma}$-decay


  The dependence of the $K^+ \to \pi^0 l^+ \nu_l \gamma$ decay width on the
$T$-odd kinematical variable, $ \xi = {\vec q \cdot [\vec p_l \times \vec
p_\pi]} / {M^3}$, is studied at the tree and one-loop levels of Standard Model.
It is shown that at the tree level this decay width is the even function of
$\xi$, while the odd contribution arises due to the electromagnetic final state
interaction. This contribution is determined by imaginary parts of one-loop
diagrams. The calculations performed show that the $\xi$-odd contribution to
the $K^+ \to \pi^0 e^+ \nu_e \gamma$ and $K^+ \to \pi^0 \mu^+ \nu_\mu \gamma$
decay widths is four orders of magnitude smaller than even contribution coming
from the tree level of SM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5374 </DOCNO>
Effects of immunization in small-world epidemics


  The propagation of model epidemics on a small-world network under the action
of immunization is studied. Although the connectivity in this kind of networks
is rather uniform, a vaccination strategy focused on the best connected
individuals yields a considerable improvement of disease control. The model
exhibits a transition from disease localization to propagation as the disorder
of the underlying network grows. As a consequence, for fixed disorder, a
threshold immunization level exists above which the disease remains localized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41276 </DOCNO>
Distortions in the negative energy Dirac sea: violation of the Gottfried


  We report on recent work concerning the effect which the change in vacuum
structure (negative energy Dirac sea), in the presence of a confining scalar
field, has on the nucleon structure functions and parton distributions. Using
the Dirac equation in 1+1 dimensions, we show that distortions in the Dirac sea
are responsible for part of the violation of the Gottfried sum rule -- i.e.,
part of the flavor asymmetry in the proton sea. Our basic argument is that,
even if isospin is an exact symmetry, the presence of a confining potential
changes the vacuum structure, and inevitably leads to a violation of SU(2)
flavour symmetry in a hadron with a different number of valence $u$ and $d$
quarks. The same mechanism also leads to a prediction for $\Delta\bar{u}$ and
$\Delta\bar{d}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4249 </DOCNO>
Mirror Options


  In this work we present a new family of options (mirror options) specially
crafted to satisfy the necessities of aggressive speculators. The main ideas
behind mirror options are: 1) A product that can be adjusted by the holder to
agree with his/her market view at any time during its life. 2) The holder's
right to make an arbitrary number of those adjustments without penalizing
costs. After defining mirror options as `super-versions' of standard options we
derive general formulae for their value in the case where the payoff is a
monotonic function of the underlying (which is the case in calls, puts,
futures, spreads etc.). We briefly discuss also their valuation for general
payoffs and the American case. Finally we analyze the situation where the
number of allowed adjustments is restricted and we point out directions for
further developments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124960 </DOCNO>
The distance to galactic globular clusters through RR Lyrae pulsational


  By adopting the same approach outlined in De Santis & Cassisi (1999), we
evaluate the absolute bolometric magnitude of the Zero Age Horizontal Branch
(ZAHB) at the level of the RR Lyrae variable instability strip in selected
galactic globular clusters. This allows us to estimate the ZAHB absolute visual
magnitude for these clusters and to investigate its dependence on the cluster
metallicity. The derived $M_V(ZAHB) - [Fe/H]$ relation, corrected in order to
account for the luminosity difference between the ZAHB and the mean RR Lyrae
magnitude, has been compared with some of the most recent empirical
determinations in this field, as the one provided by Baade-Wesselink analyses,
RR Lyrae periods, Hipparcos data for field variables and Main Sequence fitting
based on Hipparcos parallaxes for field subdwarfs. As a result, our relation
provides a clear support to the "long" distance scale. We discuss also another
method for measuring the distance to galactic globular clusters. This method is
quite similar to the one adopted for estimating the absolute bolometric
magnitude of the ZAHB but it relies only on the pulsational properties of the
Lyrae variables in each cluster. The reliability and accuracy of this method
has been tested by applying it to a sample of globulars for which, due to the
morphology of their horizontal branch (HB), the use of the commonly adopted
ZAHB fitting is a risky procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98140 </DOCNO>
Multilinear estimates for periodic KdV equations and applications


  We prove an endpoint multilinear estimate for the $X^{s,b}$ spaces associated
to the periodic Airy equation. As a consequence we obtain sharp local
well-posedness results for periodic generalized KdV equations, as well as some
global well-posedness results below the energy norm. In particular we prove a
multilinear estimate which completes the proof of global well-posedness for
periodic KdV in a preceding paper (math.AP/0110045) down to the optimal
regularity H^{-1/2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72367 </DOCNO>
Searching for Supersymmetric Dark Matter - The Directional Rate and the


  The detection of the theoretically expected dark matter is central to
particle physics and cosmology. Current fashionable supersymmetric models
provide a natural dark matter candidate which is the lightest supersymmetric
particle (LSP). The allowed parameter space of such models combined with fairly
well understood physics (quark substructure of the nucleon and nuclear
structure) permit the evaluation of the event rate for LSP-nucleus elastic
scattering. The thus obtained event rates, which sensitively depend on the
allowed parameter space parameters, are usually very low or even undetectable.
 So, for background reduction, one would like to exploit two nice features of
the reaction, the directional rate, which depends on the sun's direction of
motion and the modulation effect, i.e. the dependence of the event rate on the
earth's annual motion. In the present paper we study these phenomena in a
specific class of non isothermal models, which take into account the late
in-fall of dark matter into our galaxy, producing flows of caustic rings. We
find that the modulation effect arising from such models is smaller than that
found previously with isothermal symmetric velocity distributions and much
smaller compared to that obtained using a realistic asymmetric distribution
with enhanced dispersion in the galactocentric direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41328 </DOCNO>
Search for the Rare Decays B --> Kl^+l^- and B --> K^*(892)l^+ l^-


  We present preliminary results from a search for the flavor-changing neutral
current decays B-->Kl^+l^- and B-->K^*(892)l^+l^- using a sample of 22.7 x 10^6
Upsilon(4S)-->B anti-B decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B
Factory. We have reconstructed the following final states: B^+ --> K^+l^+l^-,
B^0 --> K^0l^+l^- (K_s^0 --> pi^+pi^-), B^+ --> K^{*+}l^+l^- (K^{*+} --> K_s^0
pi^+), and B^0 --> K^{*0}l^+l^- (K^{*0} --> K^+pi^-), where l^+l^- is either an
e^+e^- or mu^+mu^- pair. We obtain the 90% C.L. upper limits BF(B --> Kl^+l^-)<
0.6 x 10^{-6} and BF(B --> K^*l^+l^-)<2.5 x 10^{-6}, close to the Standard
Model predictions for these branching fractions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99008 </DOCNO>
Subalgebras of $\gc_N$ and Jacobi polynomials


  We classify the subalgebras of the general Lie conformal algebra $\gc_N$ that
act irreducibly on $\C[\partial]^N$ and that are normalized by the
$\operatorname{sl}_2$--part of a Virasoro element. The problem turns out to be
closely related to classical Jacobi polynomials $P_n^{(-\sigma,\sigma)}$,
$\sigma\in\C$. The connection goes both ways -- we use in our classification
some classical properties of Jacobi polynomials, and we derive from the theory
of conformal algebras some apparently new properties of Jacobi polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148145 </DOCNO>
Refined chiral Slavnov-Taylor identities: Renormalization and Local


  We study the quantization of chiral QED by means of an extended
Slavnov-Taylor (ST) identity under which an external source and the ghost field
form a doublet. This ST identity incorporates the Adler-Bardeen anomaly. We
prove that the cohomology classes of the extended classical linearized ST
operator ${\cal S}'_0$ are modified with respect to the ones of the classical
BRST differential in the FP neutral sector (physical observables). This
provides a counterexample showing that the introduction of a doublet can modify
the cohomology of the model, as a consequence of the fact that the counting
operator for the doublet does not commute with ${\cal S}'_0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6064 </DOCNO>
Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Phase Fluctuations in Cuprate


  A d-wave superconductor, its phase coherence progressively destroyed by
unbinding of vortex-antivortex pairs, suffers an instability related to chiral
symmetry breaking in two-flavor QED$_3$. The chiral manifold exhibits large
degeneracy spanned by physical states acting as inherent ``competitors'' of
d-wave superconductivity. Two of these states are associated with
antiferromagnetic insulator and ``stripe'' phases, known to be stable in the
pseudogap regime of cuprates near half-filling. The theory also predicts
additional, yet unobserved state: a d+ip phase-incoherent superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 54 </DOCNO>
Strong anisotropy of superexchange in the copper-oxygen chains of


  Electron spin resonance data of Cu^{2+} ions in La_{14-x}Ca_{x}Cu_{24}O_{41}
crystals (x=9,11,12) reveal a very large width of the resonance line in the
paramagnetic state. This signals an unusually strong anisotropy of ~10% of the
isotropic Heisenberg superexchange in the Cu-O chains of this compound. The
strong anisotropy can be explained by the specific geometry of two symmetrical
90 degree Cu-O-Cu bonds, which boosts the importance of orbital degrees of
freedom. Our data show the apparent limitations of the applicability of an
isotropic Heisenberg model to the low dimensional cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81105 </DOCNO>
Spectrum of the SU(3) Dirac operator on the lattice: Transition from


  We calculate complete spectra of the Kogut-Susskind Dirac operator on the
lattice in quenched SU(3) gauge theory for various values of coupling constant
and lattice size. From these spectra we compute the connected and disconnected
scalar susceptibilities and find agreement with chiral random matrix theory up
to a certain energy scale, the Thouless energy. The dependence of this scale on
the lattice volume is analyzed. In the case of the connected susceptibility
this dependence is anomalous, and we explain the reason for this. We present a
model of chiral perturbation theory that is capable of describing the data
beyond the Thouless energy and that has a common range of applicability with
chiral random matrix theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169351 </DOCNO>
Equivalent efficiency of a simulated photon-number detector


  Homodyne detection is considered as a way to improve the efficiency of
communication near the single-photon level. The loss of photons in current
photon-number detectors significantly reduces the mutual information of a
communication channel. We consider simulating direct detection via dual
homodyne detection. We compare our simulated photon-number detection with
ordinary direct detection by equating the mutual information in a communication
channel optimized for direct detection. We find that our particular simulated
direct detection strategy could provide limited improvements in information
transfer relative to the current generation of direct photon counters. However,
we argue that homodyne detectors (and a polynomial number of linear optics
elements) cannot simulate photocounters arbitrarily well, since otherwise the
exponential gap between quantum and classical computers would vanish.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97947 </DOCNO>
On free resolutions in multivariable operator theory


  We define the notion of a free resolution of a d-tuple $(T_1, T_2, . . .
T_d)$ of mutually commuting operators acting on a Hilbert space H, and that
this invariant gives rise to a class of vector space complexes parametrized by
points in the unit ball $B_d = {z \in C^d: |z| <1}$. We show that for $\lambda
\in B_d$ the homology of the corresponding complex is equivalent to the
homology of the Koszul complex of a Mobius transform of $(T_1, T_2, . . .
T_d)$. The notion of a Mobius transform in multivariable operator is defined,
and some of its properties are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127945 </DOCNO>
The Effect of Heating and Cooling on Scaling Laws of X-Ray Clusters


  We present results of including heating and cooling in cosmological
simulations of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmology and demonstrate their effects on
scaling laws of galaxy clusters. The scaling relations when radiative cooling
is included are in good agreement with observations but the fraction of cooled
gas is on the upper limit allowed by observations. On the contrary, the
preheating model has a more realistic cooled fraction but the scaling relations
are less well produced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95521 </DOCNO>
On the Levi problem with singularities


  In section 1, we show that if $X$ is a Stein normal complex space of
dimension n and $D\subset \subset X$ an open subset which is the union of an
increasing sequence $D_{1}\subset D_{2}\subset ...\subset D_{n}\subset >...$ of
domains of holomorphy in $X$. Then $D$ is a domain of holomorphy.
  In section 2, we prove that a domain of holomorphy $D$ which is relatively
compact in a 2-dimensional normal Stein space $X$ itself is Stein.
  In section 3, we show that if $X$ is a Stein space of dimension n and
$D\subset X$ an open subspace which is the union of an increasing sequence
$D_{1}\subset D_{2}\subset ...\subset D_{n}\subset ...$ of open Stein subsets
of $X$. then $D$ itself is Stein, if $X$ has isolated singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149626 </DOCNO>
Quantum Myers effect and its supergravity dual for D0/D4 systems


  The presence of a distant D4-brane is used to further investigate the duality
between M-theory and D0-brane quantum mechanics. A polarization of the quantum
mechanical ground state is found. A similar deformation arises for the bubble
of normal space found near D0-branes in classical supergravity solutions. These
deformations are compared and are shown to have the same structure in each
case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148044 </DOCNO>
Self-tuning solution of the cosmological constant problem with


  We present a self-tuning solution of the cosmological constant problem with
one extra dimension which is curved with a warp factor. To separate out the
extra dimension and to have a self-tuning solution, a three index antisymmetric
tensor field is introduced with the $1/H^2$ term in the Lagrangian. The
standard model fields are located at the $y=0$ brane. The existence
\cite{kklcc} of the self-tuning solution (which results without any fine tuning
among parameters in the Lagrangian) is crucial to obtain a vanishing
cosmological constant in a 4D effective theory. The de Sitter and anti de
Sitter space solutions are possible. The de Sitter space solutions have
horizons. Restricting to the spaces which contain the $y=0$ brane, the
vanishing cosmological constant is chosen in the most probable universe. For
this interpretaion to be valid, the existence of the self-tuning solution is
crucial in view of the phase transitions. In this paper, we show explicitly a
solution in case the brane tension shifts from one to another value. We also
discuss the case with the $H^2$ term which leads to one-fine-tuning solutions
at most.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72397 </DOCNO>
Uncertainties of Predictions from Parton Distribution Functions I: the


  We apply the Lagrange Multiplier method to study the uncertainties of
physical predictions due to the uncertainties of parton distribution functions
(PDFs), using the cross section for W production at a hadron collider as an
archetypal example. An effective chi-squared function based on the CTEQ global
QCD analysis is used to generate a series of PDFs, each of which represents the
best fit to the global data for some specified value of the cross section. By
analyzing the likelihood of these "alterative hypotheses", using available
information on errors from the individual experiments, we estimate that the
fractional uncertainty of the cross section due to current experimental input
to the PDF analysis is approximately 4% at the Tevatron, and 8-10% at the LHC.
We give sets of PDFs corresponding to these up and down variations of the cross
section. We also present similar results on Z production at the colliders. Our
method can be applied to any combination of physical variables in precision QCD
phenomenology, and it can be used to generate benchmarks for testing the
accuracy of approximate methods based on the error matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 748 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Resonance, Electronic spectra and Bilayer Splitting in


  We report the first inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments of the
resonance in the underdoped regime of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d. The energy of the
resonance is found to be 34 meV and the temperature dependence shows a smooth
evolution through Tc with a remnant persisting in the pseudogap state. Besides
the INS data, we present also angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) spectra
taken on the same crystals. As a function of temperature, the neutron intensity
scales with the square of the ARPES gap estimated by the leading-edge midpoint
at (pi,0). We also show that the energy of the collective mode inferred from
the peak-dip-hump structure compares well with the energy of the resonance.
Based on kinematics, we argue that the correlation of these two energies is
consistent with the absence of bilayer splitting in the electronic dispersion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3697 </DOCNO>
Anomalous NMR response of quasicrystalline icosahedral


  We report the observation of an anomalous {27}Al-NMR response of a single
grain Al_{72.4}Pd_{20.5}Mn_{7.1} icosahedral quasicrystal at low temperatures.
In an external magnetic field of
 6 T and upon decreasing temperature, we observe a sharp 100 % increase of the
resonance linewidth at 2.5 K. No further changes of the linewidth are observed
down to 0.05 K. The linewidth enhancement is accompanied by a small but
distinct increase of the spin-lattice relaxation rate T_{1}^{-1} and by a
maximum of the spin-spin relaxation time T_{2}(T). All these anomalies are
absent in external fields of 2.5 T and below. Our observations indicate unusual
variations in the stability of isolated magnetic moments in a quasiperiodic
metallic environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81336 </DOCNO>
Status of APEmille


  This paper presents the status of the APEmille project, which is essentially
completed, as far as machine development and construction is concerned. Several
large installations of APEmille are in use for physics production runs leading
to many new results presented at this conference. This paper briefly summarizes
the APEmille architecture, reviews the status of the installations and presents
some performance figures for physics codes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7144 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of long-range magnetic order by magnetic field in


  We report a detailed study, using neutron scattering, transport and
magnetization measurements, of the interplay between superconducting (SC) and
spin density wave (SDW) order in La2CuO(4+y). Both kinds of order set in below
the same critical temperature. However, the SDW order grows with applied
magnetic field, whereas SC order is suppressed. Most importantly, the field
dependence of the SDW Bragg peak intensity has a cusp at zero field, as
predicted by a recent theory of competing SDW and SC order. This leads us to
conclude that there is a repulsive coupling between the two order parameters.
The question of whether the two kinds of order coexist or microscopically phase
separate is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127047 </DOCNO>
Infall, Outflow, Rotation, and Turbulent Motions of Dense Gas within NGC


  Millimeter wavelength observations are presented of NGC 1333 IRAS 4, a group
of highly-embedded young stellar objects in Perseus, that reveal motions of
infall, outflow, rotation, and turbulence in the dense gas around its two
brightest continuum objects, 4A and 4B. These data have finest angular
resolution of approximately 2" (0.0034 pc) and finest velocity resolution of
0.13 km/s. Infall motions are seen from inverse P-Cygni profiles observed in
H2CO 3_12-2_11 toward both objects, but also in CS 3-2 and N2H+ 1-0 toward 4A,
providing the least ambiguous evidence for such motions toward low-mass
protostellar objects. Outflow motions are probed by bright line wings of H2CO
3_12-2_11 and CS 3-2 observed at positions offset from 4A and 4B, likely
tracing dense cavity walls. Rotational motions of dense gas are traced by a
systematic variation of the N2H+ line velocities, and such variations are found
around 4A but not around 4B. Turbulent motions appear reduced with scale, given
N2H+ line widths around both 4A and 4B that are narrower by factors of 2 or 3
than those seen from single-dish observations. Minimum observed line widths of
approximately 0.2 km/s provide a new low, upper bound to the velocity
dispersion of the parent core to IRAS 4, and demonstrate that turbulence within
regions of clustered star formation can be reduced significantly. A third
continuum object in the region, 4B', shows no detectable line emission in any
of the observed molecular species.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76111 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology From Lattice QCD


  I review two subjects in which lattice simulations are making, or can make in
the future, a significant contribution to particle physics phenomenology. The
first subject is the evaluation of quantities which enter into the
determination of the vertex $A$ of the unitarity triangle from experimental
measurements of decay rates and mixing amplitudes. These quantities include the
form-factors for semileptonic B-decays, the leptonic decay constants of the $B$
and $B_s$ mesons and the $B$-parameters for $B_{d}$-$\bar B_{d}$ and
$B_{s}$-$\bar B_{s}$ mixing and the corresponding parameter for $K$-$\bar K$
mixing, $B_K$. In the second part of this talk I will review the status and
prospects for the evaluation of $K\to\pi\pi$ amplitudes and for the subsequent
study of the $\Delta I=1/2$ rule and the evaluation of
$\epsilon^\prime/\epsilon$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40909 </DOCNO>
Radiative four-fermion processes at LEP2


  The production of four fermions plus a visible photon in electron-positron
collisions is analyzed, with particular emphasis on the LEP2 energy range. The
study is based on the calculation of exact matrix elements, including the
effect of fermion masses. In the light of the present measurements performed at
LEP, triple and quartic anomalous gauge couplings are taken into account. Due
to the presence of a visible photon in the final state, particular attention is
paid to the treatment of higher-order QED corrections. Explicit results for
integrated cross sections and differential distributions are shown and
commented. The features of the Monte Carlo program WRAP, used to perform the
calculation and available for experimental analysis, are described.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41409 </DOCNO>
Confidence Intervals for Poisson Distribution Parameter


  Results of numerical procedure of constructing confidence intervals for
parameter of the Poisson distribution of signal events in the presence of
background events with known value of parameter of Poisson distribution are
presented. It is shown that the used procedure has both the Bayesian and
frequentist interpretations. Also the possibility to construct a continuous
analogue of the Poisson distribution to search the bounds of confidence
intervals for the parameter of the Poisson distribution is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169435 </DOCNO>
Probability Models and Ultralogics


  In this paper, we show how nonstandard consequence operators, ultralogics,
can generate the general informational content displayed by probability models.
In particular, a probability model that predicts that a specific single event
will occur and those models that predict that a specific distribution of events
will occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3969 </DOCNO>
Andreev reflection in Au/La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} point-contact junctions:


  We made point-contact measurements with Au tips on La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4}
samples with 0.08 < x < 0.20 to investigate the relationship between
superconducting gap and pseudogap. We obtained junctions whose conductance
curves presented typical Andreev reflection features at all temperatures from
4.2 K up to T_c^A close to the bulk T_c. Their fit with the
BTK-Tanaka-Kashiwaya model gives good results if a (s+d)-wave gap symmetry is
used. The doping dependence of the low temperature dominant isotropic gap
component Delta_{s} follows very well the T_{c} vs. x curve. These results
support the separation between the superconducting (Andreev) gap and the
pseudogap measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and
tunneling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113761 </DOCNO>
Visualization of Coulomb Correlations in Finite Metallic Systems


  We present an analytic ansatz to find the effective electrostatic potential
and Coulomb correlations in multicenter problems, specifically homogeneous and
doped clusters of metal atoms. The approach is based on a quasi-classical
density-functional treatment. We focus on the interpretive aspect of our
findings, particularly on extracting insight regarding the geometric effects of
Coulomb correlations for any given spatial disposition of ionic cores. For
singly-doped metallic clusters we obtain a direct visualization of the
variations of both screening and Coulomb correlations with changes of location
of the dopant atom. This analysis provides a way to interpret recent
observations of the variability of physical properties of metal clusters with
changes of composition and geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95547 </DOCNO>
Maximal index automorphisms of free groups with no attracting fixed


  In this paper we define a quantity called the rank of an outer automorphism
of a free group which is the same as the index introduced by Gaboriau, Jaeger,
Levitt and Lustig without the count of fixed points on the boundary. We proceed
to analyze outer automorphisms of maximal rank and obtain results analogous to
those by Collins and Turner. We also deduce that all such outer automorphisms
can be represented by Dehn twists, thus proving the converse to a result of
Cohen and Lustig, and indicate a solution to the conjugacy problem when such
automorphisms are given in terms of images of a basis, thus providing a
moderate extension to a theorem of Cohen and Lustig by somewhat different
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85974 </DOCNO>
An alternative to quintessence


  We consider a FRW cosmological model with an exotic fluid known as Chaplygin
gas. We show that the resulting evolution of the universe is not in
disagreement with the current observation of cosmic acceleration. The model
predict an increasing value for the effective cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4085 </DOCNO>
Quantum magnets: a brief overview


  Quantum magnetism is one of the most active areas of research in condensed
matter physics. There is significant research interest specially in
low-dimensional quantum spin systems. Such systems have a large number of
experimental realizations and exhibit a variety of phenomena the origin of
which can be attributed to quantum effects and low dimensions. In this review,
an overview of some aspects of quantum magnetism in low dimensions is given.
The emphasis is on key concepts, theorems and rigorous results as well as
models of spin chains, ladders and frustated magnetic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2003 </DOCNO>
Peculiar scaling of self-avoiding walk contacts


  The nearest neighbor contacts between the two halves of an N-site lattice
self-avoiding walk offer an unusual example of scaling random geometry: for N
going to infinity they are strictly finite in number but their radius of
gyration Rc is power law distributed, ~ Rc^{-\tau}, where \tau>1 is a novel
exponent characterizing universal behavior. A continuum of diverging lengths
scales is associated to the Rc distribution. A possibly super-universal \tau=2
is also expected for the contacts of a self-avoiding or random walk with a
confining wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72816 </DOCNO>
Detectability of a subdominant density component of cold dark matter


  Here we examine the detectability of collisionless dark matter candidates
that may constitute not all but only a subdominant component of galactic cold
dark matter. We show that current axion searches are not suited for a
subdominant component, while direct WIMP searches would not be severely
affected by the reduced density. In fact, the direct detection rates of
neutralinos stay almost constant even if neutralinos constitute 1% of the halo
dark matter. Only for lower densities do the rates decrease with density. Even
neutralinos accounting for only $10^{-4}$ of the local dark halo density are
within proposed future discovery limits. We comment also on indirect WIMP
searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40793 </DOCNO>
Hyperfine Structure Measurements of Antiprotonic Helium and Antihydrogen


  This paper describes measurements of the hyperfine structure of two
antiprotonic atoms that are planned at the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) at CERN.
The first part deals with antiprotonic helium, a three-body system of
alpha-particle, antiproton and electron that was previously studied at LEAR. A
measurement will test existing three-body calculations and may - through
comparison with these theories - determine the magnetic moment of the
antiproton more precisely than currently available, thus providing a test of
CPT invariance. The second system, antihydrogen, consisting of an antiproton
and a positron, is planned to be produced at thermal energies at the AD. A
measurement of the ground-state hyperfine splitting, which for hydrogen is one
of the most accurately measured physical quantities, will directly yield a
precise value for the magnetic moment of the antiproton, and also compare the
internal structure of proton and antiproton through the contribution of the
magnetic size of the antiproton to the ground state hyperfine splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41664 </DOCNO>
Radiative return at NLO and the measurement of the hadronic


  The measurement of the hadronic cross-section in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation at
high luminosity factories using the radiative return method is motivated and
discussed. A Monte Carlo generator which simulates the radiative process $e^+
e^- \to \gamma+hadrons$ at the next-to-leading order accuracy is presented. The
analysis is then extended to the description of events with hard photons
radiated at very small angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98054 </DOCNO>
On the Lifts of Minimal Lagrangian Submanifolds


  We show the total space of the canonical line bundle $\mathbb{L}$ of a
Kahler-Einstein manifold $X^n$ supports integrable $SU(n+1)$ structures, or
Calabi-Yau structures. The canonical real line bundle $L \subset \mathbb{L}$
over a minimal Lagrangian submanifold $M \subset X$ is calibrated in this
setting and hence can be considered as the special Lagrangian lift of $M$.
  For the integrable $G_2$ and $Spin(7)$ structures on spin bundles and bundles
of anti-self-dual 2-forms on self-dual Einstein 4-manifolds constructed by
Bryant and Salamon, minimal surfaces with vanishing complex quartic form
(super-minimal) admit lifts which are calibrated, i.e., associative,
coassociative or Cayley respectively. The lifts in this case can be considered
as the tangential lifts or normal lifts of the minimal surface adapted to the
quaternionic bundle structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169461 </DOCNO>
A Balanced Truncation Primer


  Balanced truncation, a technique from robust control theory, is a systematic
method for producing simple approximate models of complex linear systems. This
technique may have significant applications in physics, particularly in the
study of large classical and quantum systems. These notes summarize the
concepts and results necessary to apply balanced truncation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75258 </DOCNO>
Breaking CPT by mixed non-commutativity


  The mixed component of the non-commutative parameter \theta_{\mu M}, where
\mu = 0,1,2,3 and M is an extra dimensional index may violate four-dimensional
CPT invariance. We calculate one and two-loop induced couplings of \theta_{\mu
5} with the four-dimensional axial vector current and with the CPT odd dim=6
operators starting from five-dimensional Yukawa and U(1) theories. The
resulting bounds from clock comparison experiments place a stringent constraint
on \theta_{\mu 5}, |\theta_{\mu 5}|^{-1/2} > 5\times 10^{11} GeV. The orbifold
projection and/or localization of fermions on a 3-brane lead to CPT-conserving
physics, in which case the constraints on \theta{\mu 5} are softened.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97252 </DOCNO>
The Short-Term Dynamical Aperture via Variational-Wavelet Approach with


  We present the applications of wavelet analysis methods in constrained
variational framework to calculation of dynamical aperture. We construct
represention via exact nonlinear high-localized periodic eigenmodes expansions,
which allows to control contribution to motion from each scale of underlying
multiscale structure and consider qualitative approach to the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127169 </DOCNO>
The compact central source in the RX J0852-4622 supernova remnant


  The central region of the recently discovered supernova remnant RX
J0852.0-4622 was observed with the ACIS detector aboard the Chandra X-ray
Observatory. We found only one relatively bright source, about 4' north of the
SNR center, with a flux of $\sim 2\times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ in
the 0.5--10 keV band. The position of this point-like source, CXOU
J085201.4-461753, rules out its association with the two bright stars in the
field, HD 76060 and Wray 16-30. Observations of the field with the CTIO 0.9-m
telescope show a star ($R\approx 17$, $B\approx 19$) at about 2\farcs4 from the
nominal X-ray position. We consider association of this star with the X-ray
source unlikely and estimate a limiting magnitude of the optical counterpart as
$B \ge 22.5$ and $R \ge 21.0$. Based on the X-ray-to-optical flux ratio, we
argue that the X-ray source is likely the compact remnant of the supernova
explosion that created the RX J0852.0-4622 SNR. The observed X-ray spectrum of
the source is softer than spectra of magnetospheric radiation of
rotation-powered pulsars, but it is harder than spectra of cooling neutron
stars emitting thermal radiation from the entire surface, similar to the
central compact source of the Cas A SNR. We suggest that CXOU J085201.4-461753
belongs to the growing family of radio-quiet compact central sources,
presumably neutron stars, recently discovered in a number of SNRs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7201 </DOCNO>
Electron correlation effects and ferromagnetism in Iron


  Electron correlation effects in Fe are analyzed using a first principles
LCAO-scheme. In our approach, we first use a local orbital DFT-LDA solution to
introduce a Hubbard Hamiltonian without fitting parameters. In a second step,
we introduce a many-body solution to this Hamiltonian using a DMF
approximation. Our analysis shows that magnetism in Fe is an effect associated
with the first atomic Hund's rule. Moreover, we also find important correlation
effects in the Fe-spin polarized DOS. The photoemision spectra is explained
using a value of U_eff as large as 4 eV, provided the satellite peaks appearing
around 3-5 eV below the Fermi energy are interpreted appropriately.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76168 </DOCNO>
Confirmation of sigma(450--600)-Meson in Upsilon' to Upsilon pipi and


  Applying the effective amplitude, which is evidently consistent with general
constraints from chiral symmetry, the pipi spectra in the relevant processes
are analyzed, leading to a strong evidence for existence of the light sigma
meson. It is also pointed out that the pipi scattering process, which had been
one of the main sources for PDG table for these many years, is, in principle,
exceptionally difficult to investigate the property of sigma-meson.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41442 </DOCNO>
Implications for Solar Neutrino Oscillations from Super-Kamiokande and


  Super-Kamiokande uses neutrino-electron elastic scattering to measure the
recoil electron spectrum and zenith-angle dependence of solar $^8$B neutrinos.
SNO has measured the $^8$B neutrino--deuteron charged-current reaction rate.
The elastic scattering rate, spectrum and zenith-angle dependence in
conjunction with the charged-current reaction rate favors active neutrino
oscillations at large mixing angles by about 3$\sigma$ over the no-oscillation
hypothesis and small mixing angles. The analysis is independent of the absolute
$^8$B and {\it hep} flux and assumes two-flavor oscillations described by
mixing angle and mass$^2$ difference. Two allowed regions at large mixing are
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150229 </DOCNO>
CFT/CFT interpolating RG flows and the holographic c-function


  We consider holographic RG flows which interpolate between non-trivial
ultra-violet (UV) and infra-red (IR) conformal fixed points. We study the
``superpotentials'' which characterize different flows and discuss their
expansions near the fixed points. Then we focus on the holographic $c$-function
as defined from the two-point function of the stress-energy tensor. We point
out that the equation for the metric fluctuations in the background flow is
equivalent to a scattering problem and we use this to obtain an expression for
the $c$-function in terms of the associated Jost functions. We propose two
explicit models that realize UV-IR flows. In the first example we consider a
thin wall separating two AdS spaces with different radii, while in the second
one the UV region is replaced with an asymptotically AdS space. We find that
the holographic $c$-function obeys the expected properties. In particular it
reduces to the correct -- nonzero -- central charge in the IR limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81497 </DOCNO>
Towards the Super Yang-Mills Theory on the Lattice


  We present an entirely new approach towards a realization of the
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on the lattice. The action consists of the
staggered fermion and the plaquette variables distributed in the Euclidean
space with a particular pattern. The system is shown to have fermionic
symmetries relating the fermion and the link variables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4989 </DOCNO>
Response of the Heavy-Fermion Superconductor CeCoIn$_5$ to Pressure:


  We report measurements of the pressure-dependent superconducting transition
temperature $T_c$ and electrical resistivity of the heavy-fermion compound
CeCoIn$_5$. Pressure moves CeCoIn$_5$ away from its proximity to a
quantum-critical point at atmospheric pressure. Experimental results are
qualitatively consistent with theoretical predictions for strong-coupled,
d-wave superconductivity in an anisotropic 3D superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127773 </DOCNO>
In-orbit performance of the XMM-Newton X-ray telescopes: images and


  The performance of the three X-ray telescopes on-board of XMM-Newton is
evaluated addressing imaging characteristics and effective collecting area. The
agreement with ground calibration data is excellent. The analysis of images and
spectra of cosmic X-ray sources, emphazising supernova and supernova remnants,
prooves that the telescopes are even better than originally required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74758 </DOCNO>
Moving boundary effects in Quark Gluon Plasma


  We analyze the known moving boundary effects in plasma and briefly review a
mechanism for particle acceleration through a plasma front. We then show how
this mechanism may affect particles crossing the boundary of an expanding quark
gluon plasma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76204 </DOCNO>
Muon g-2 Anomaly and Extra Interaction of Composite Higgs in a


  In electroweak theory without elementary Higgs scalars existence of a
solution, which breaks initial symmetry is shown. A composite scalar doublet
serves as a substitute for usual Higgs. The mass of the surviving Higgs scalar
is predicted to be $M_H = 117 \pm 7 GeV$. The resulting theory contains
realistic $W, Z, t$ masses and composite massive Higgs. Parameters used are
$g$, $\theta_W$, cut-off $\Lambda \simeq 3500 GeV$ and triple gauge constant
$\lambda_V \simeq -0.034$. Stable nontrivial solution for extra interactions of
the Higgs particle gives contribution to muon $g-2$: $\Delta a = 49.4\cdot
10^{-10}$ that agrees with the recently reported anomaly. The extra interaction
leads to a number of experimental consequences for B.R. of Higgs decay and its
production cross-sections in $e^+e^- $ and $\bar p p$ collisions including
recommendation for looking for Higgs via decay $H \to 2 \gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168981 </DOCNO>
An arbitrated quantum signature scheme


  The general principle for a quantum signature scheme is proposed and
investigated based on ideas from classical signature schemes and quantum
cryptography. The suggested algorithm is implemented by a symmetrical quantum
key cryptosystem and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) triplet states and
relies on the availability of an arbitrator. We can guarantee the unconditional
security of the algorithm, mostly due to the correlation of the GHZ triplet
states and the use of quantum one-time pads.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86424 </DOCNO>
Probability for Primordial Black Holes in Higher Dimensional Universe


  We investigate higher dimensional cosmological models in the semiclassical
approximation with Hartle-Hawking Boundary conditions, assuming a gravitational
action which is described by the scalar curvature with a cosmological constant.
In the framework the probability for quantum creation of an inflationary
universe with a pair of black holes in a multidimensional universe is
evaluated. The probability for creation of a universe with a spatial section
with $S^{1}XS^{D -2}$ topology is then compared with that of a higher
dimensional de Sitter universe with $S^{D -1}$ spatial topology. It is found
that a higher dimensional universe with a product space with primordial black
holes pair is less probable to nucleate when the extra dimensions scale factors
do not vary in an inflating universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98508 </DOCNO>
Eta invariants and regularized determinants for odd dimensional


  We study the eta invariant of Dirac operator and the regularized determinant
of Dirac Laplacian over the hyperbolic manifolds with cusps. We use the
relative trace to define these spectral invariants. We show that the eta
function and the zeta function are regular at s=0, so that we define the eta
invariant and the regularized determinant. By the Selberg trace formula and the
detailed analysis of the unipotent terms, we get the relation of the eta
invariant and the Selberg zeta function of odd type. We show that the unipotent
contribution is vanishing in this relation. We prove the functional equation of
the eta invariant and the Selberg zeta function of odd type. These are
generalizations of John Millson's results to the hyperbolic manifolds with
cusps. We also get the corresponding relation and functional equation of the
regularized determinant and the Selberg zeta function of even type where the
unipotent factor plays non-trivial role. This can be considered as the
interpretation with the regularized determinant of the functional equation of
the Selberg zeta functions proved by Ramesh Gangolli and Garth Warner.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174658 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Spinodal Decomposition in Nuclear Multifragmentation


  Multifragmentation of a ``fused system'' was observed for central collisions
between 32 MeV/nucleon 129Xe and natSn. Most of the resulting charged products
were well identified thanks to the high performances of the INDRA 4pi array.
Experimental higher-order charge correlations for fragments show a weak but non
ambiguous enhancement of events with nearly equal-sized fragments. Supported by
dynamical calculations in which spinodal decomposition is simulated, this
observed enhancement is interpreted as a ``fossil'' signal of spinodal
instabilities in finite nuclear systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127946 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing Dark Matter from Modified Gravity


  Dynamical mass discrepancies in galaxies have two possible explanations: the
existence of large amounts of dark matter or the breakdown of Newtonian
gravity. True dark matter halos of galaxies could differ in several respects
from apparent halos inferred from misinterpreted modified gravity, and we
discuss two observational tests to probe these differences. Modified gravity
gives generic, geometrical predictions for the shapes of apparent halos, and
also requires that the inferred excess mass strongly correlates with the
visible baryonic mass. Thus modified gravity is more easily falsified, but we
find both hypotheses to be consistent with the meager data on galaxy and
cluster halos; dark matter is not required by current data. We strongly
encourage the acquisition of more data, which could ultimately eliminate one or
other of these possibilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113978 </DOCNO>
Pyroelectric Response in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 to Temperature Changes


  Measurements of the polarization charge accumulated at the -z and the +z
bases of the pyroelectric crystals of LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 during changes in
temperature are described. An electrometer in the charge mode with its probe
attached to the base under study was used. A reference for the electrometer was
established by grounding the electrometer probe at a specific crystal
temperature, i.e., zeroing the electrometer. When the ground is broken an
induced charge, held captive by the polarization charge at the base of the
crystal, remains in the probe circuit. Then as the temperature of the crystal
is changed the electrometer reads the change in the polarization charge with
respect to the polarization charge at the zeroing temperature. Data was
obtained for each type of crystal and at the -z and +z bases for three
different grounding conditions. Each experiment consisted of data accumulation
for five thermal cycles. The electrometer readings at a given temperature
appeared to be different for the three grounding conditions but the difference
in the charge readings for a given difference of temperature was independent of
the grounding situation. Measurements of the polarization charge were taken
while the temperature of the crystal was held constant for about fourteen
hours. The polarization charge remained constant at the -z and +z base as long
as the temperature remained constant. These results, the independence of the
charge difference for a given temperature difference with respect to the
zeroing conditions and the constancy of the charge reading with respect to the
constancy of the crystal temperature, lead to the inference that the
polarization charge is a reproducible function of the crystal temperature and
is a physical property of the crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97499 </DOCNO>
Extensions and Pullbacks in QB-rings


  We prove a new extension result for $QB-$rings that allows us to examine
extensions of rings where the ideal is purely infinite and simple. We then use
this result to explore various constructions that provide new examples of
$QB-$rings. More concretely, we show that a surjective pullback of two
$QB-$rings is usually again a $QB-$ring. Specializing to the case of an
extension of a semi-prime ideal $I$ of a unital ring $R$, the pullback setting
leads naturally to the study of rings whose multiplier rings are $QB-$rings.
For a wide class of regular rings, we give necessary and sufficient conditions
for their multiplier rings to be $QB-$rings. Our analysis is based on the study
of extensions and the use of non-stable $K-$theoretical techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86472 </DOCNO>
Embeddings in Non-Vacuum Spacetimes


  A scheme is discussed for embedding n-dimensional, Riemannian manifolds in an
(n+1)-dimensional Einstein space. Criteria for embedding a given manifold in a
spacetime that represents a solution to Einstein's equations sourced by a
massless scalar field are also discussed. The embedding procedures are
illustrated with a number of examples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41210 </DOCNO>
The onset of the anomalous J/psi suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at the


  The J/psi suppression observed by the NA50 experiment is one of the most
striking signatures for quark gluon plasma formation in Pb-Pb collisions at 158
AGeV. The J/psi production has been studied as a function of the centrality of
the collision estimated via the forward energy EZDC released in a zero degree
calorimeter (ZDC). The study of the correlation between the number of
participant nucleons in the collisions, Npart, and EZDC allows to check whether
the J/psi suppression pattern vs. EZDC is compatible with a sudden J/psi
suppression mechanism expressed as a function of Npart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2669 </DOCNO>
Two-Carrier Transport in Epitaxially Grown MnAs


  Magneto-transport measurements of ferromagnetic MnAs epilayers grown by
molecular beam epitaxy reveal the presence of both positive and negative charge
carriers. Electrical transport at high temperatures is dominated by holes, and
at low temperatures by electrons. We also observe distinct changes in the
magnetoresistance associated with the transition between the electron- and
hole-dominated transport regimes. These results are of direct relevance to
MnAs/semiconductor hybrid heterostructures and their exploitation in electronic
and optical spin injection experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73636 </DOCNO>
CPT, T, and Lorentz Violation in Neutral-Meson Oscillations


  Tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry using neutral-meson oscillations are
studied within a formalism that allows for indirect CPT and T violation of
arbitrary size and is independent of phase conventions. The analysis is
particularly appropriate for studies of CPT and T violation in oscillations of
the heavy neutral mesons D, B_d, and B_s. The general Lorentz- and CPT-breaking
standard-model extension is used to derive an expression for the parameter for
CPT violation. It varies in a prescribed way with the magnitude and orientation
of the meson momentum and consequently also with sidereal time. Decay
probabilities are presented for both uncorrelated and correlated mesons, and
some implications for experiments are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76678 </DOCNO>
Study of Nucleon Resonances with Double Polarization Observables of Pion


  The role of the nucleon resonances in the double polarization observables of
pion photoproduction is investigated by using the resonance parameters
predicted by Capstick and Roberts. As an example, we show that the
not-well-determined two-star resonance N$^{-}_{3/2}$(1960) can be examined by
performing experiments on beam-recoil polarization at large angles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4530 </DOCNO>
Molecular theory of elastic constants of liquid crystals. III.


  Using the density functional formalism we derive expression for the
distortion free energy for systems with continuous broken symmetry and use it
to derive expression for the elastic constants of smectic phases in which
director is tilted with respect to the smectic layer normal. As in the previous
papers of the series (Phys. Rev. A {\bf 45}, 974 (1992), E {\bf 49}, 501,
(1994)) the expressions for the elastic constants are written in terms of order
and structural parameters. The structural parameters involve the generalised
spherical harmonic coefficients of the direct pair correlation function of an
effective isotropic liquid. The density of this effective isotropic liquid
depends on the nature and amount of ordering present in the system and is
evaluated self- consistently. We estimate the value of elastic constants using
reasonable guess for the order and structural- parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1941 </DOCNO>
Phase diagram regions deduced for strongly correlated systems via


  From known phase diagram regions of different model Hamiltonians describing
strongly correlated systems we deduced new domains of the ground state phase
diagram of the same model by an unitary transformation. Different types of
extended Hubbard Hamiltonians were used for the starting point and the
existence of new stable spin-density wave, charge-density wave, ferromagnetic
state and a paramagnetic insulator is demonstrated. The used procedure itself
is dimension independent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97843 </DOCNO>
Some examples of singular fluid flows


  We explain the construction of some solutions of the Stokes system with a
given set of singular points, in the sense of Caffarelli, Kohn and Nirenberg.
By means of a partial regularity theorem (proved elsewhere), it turns out that
we are able to show the existence of a suitable weak solution to the
Navier-Stokes equations with a singular set of positive one dimensional
Hausdorff measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179347 </DOCNO>
GCM Analysis of the collective properties of lead isotopes with exact


  We present a microscopic analysis of the collective behaviour of the lead
isotopes in the vicinity of Pb208. In this study, we rely on a coherent
approach based on the Generator Coordinate Method including exact projection on
N and Z numbers within a collective space generated by means of the constrained
Hartree-Fock BCS method. With the same Hamiltonian used in HF+BCS calculations,
we have performed a comprehensive study including monopole, quadrupole and
octupole excitations as well as pairing vibrations. We find that, for the
considered nuclei, the collective modes which modify the most the conclusions
drawn from the mean-field theory are the octupole and pairing vibrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149135 </DOCNO>
Stability and the negative mode for Schwarzschild in a finite cavity


  It has been proposed that translationally-invariant black branes are
classically stable if and only if they are locally thermodynamically stable.
Reall has outlined a general argument to demonstrate this, and studied in
detail the case of charged black p-branes in type II supergravity. We consider
the application of his argument in the simplest non-trivial case, an uncharged
asymptotically flat brane enclosed in a finite cylindrical cavity. In this
simple context, it is possible to give a more complete argument than in the
cases considered earlier, and it is therefore a particularly attractive example
of the general approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3242 </DOCNO>
Spin currents and spin dynamics in time-dependent density-functional


  We derive and analyse the equation of motion for the spin degrees of freedom
within time-dependent spin-density-functional theory (TD-SDFT). Results are (i)
a prescription for obtaining many-body corrections to the single-particle spin
currents from the Kohn-Sham equation of TD-SDFT, (ii) the existence of an
exchange-correlation (xc) torque within TD-SDFT, (iii) a prescription for
calculating, from TD-SDFT, the torque exerted by spin currents on the spin
magnetization, (iv) a novel exact constraint on approximate xc functionals, and
(v) the discovery of serious deficiencies of popular approximations to TD-SDFT
when applied to spin dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97786 </DOCNO>
Moebius energy of thick knots


  The Moebius energy of a knot is an energy functional for smooth curves based
on an idea of self-repelling. If a knot has a thick tubular neighborhood, we
would intuitively expect the energy to be low. In this paper, we give explicit
bounds for energy in terms of the ropelength of the knot, i.e. the ratio of the
length of a thickest tube to its radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86413 </DOCNO>
Cosmic repulsion in presence of matter


  A basic problem that confronts the standard cosmological models is the
problem of initial singularity characterised by infinite material density,
infinite temperature and infinite spacetime curvature. The inevitable existence
of such a phase of the universe may be considered to be one of the major
drawbacks of Einstein's field equations. To some extent inflation models
ameliorate this. In the present work we postulate that whenever matter
(radiation) arises in flat spacetime, it introduces curvature and causes a
repulsive interaction to develop. A modified energy momentum tensor is
introduced towards this end, which invokes the temperature, entropy and a
cosmic scalar field. This redefinition of the energy momentum distribution when
applied to the early universe dynamics has the effect of producing a
non-singular initial behaviour. the repulsive interaction introduces some
features of an accelarating universe. In this model all cosmological parameters
are mathematically well behaved. There is no flatness problem. Temperature at
the beginning of this universe is 10^32 kelvin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5114 </DOCNO>
Static critical behavior in the inactive phase of the pair contact


  Steady state properties in the absorbing phase of the $1d$ pair contact
process (PCP) model are investigated. It is shown that, in typical absorbing
states (reached by the system's dynamic rules), the density of isolated
particles, $\rho_1$, approaches a stationary value which depends on the
annihilation probability ($p$); the deviation from its 'natural' value at
criticality, $\rho_1^{nat}$, follows a power law: $\rho_1^{nat}-\rho_1 \sim
(p-p_c)^{\beta_1}$ for $p>p_c$. Monte Carlo simulations yield $\beta_1=0.81$. A
cluster approximation is developed for this model, qualitatively confirming the
numerical results and predicting $\beta_1=1$. The singular behavior of the
isolated particles density in the inactive phase is explained using a
phenomenological approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114290 </DOCNO>
Revis\~ao da Constru\c{c}\~ao de Modelos Supersim\'etricos


  Foi com base neste estudo que fizemos a constru\c{c}\~ao da vers\~ao
supersim\'etrica dos modelos de simetria $SU(3)_{C} \otimes SU(3)_{L} \otimes
U(1)_{N}$ \cite{susy331}, apresentado no final da minha tese de doutorado
\cite{mcr1}. Bem como dos estudos fenomenol\'ogicos subsequente \cite{mcr}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126708 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton Spectroscopy of the Galactic Microquasar GRS 1758-258 in the


  We report on an XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer observation of the
black hole candidate and Galactic microquasar GRS 1758-258. The source entered
a peculiar "off/soft" state in late February, 2001, in which the spectrum
softened while the X-ray flux -- and the inferred mass accretion rate --
steadily decreased. We find no clear evidence for emission or absorption lines
in the dispersed spectra, indicating that most of the observed soft flux is
likely from an accretion disk and not from a cool plasma. The accretion disk
strongly dominates the spectrum in this lower-luminosity state, and is only
mildly recessed from the marginally stable orbit. These findings may be
difficult to explain in terms of advection-dominated accretion flow, or "ADAF"
models. We discuss these results within the context of ADAF models,
simultaneous two-flow models, and observed correlations between hard X-ray flux
and jet production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95654 </DOCNO>
A note on the moving hyperplane method


  We give more precision on the regularity of the domain that is needed to have
the monotonicity and symmetry results recently proved by Damascelli and
Pacella, result concerning p-Laplace equations. For this purpose, we study the
continuity and semicontinuity of some parameters linked with the moving
hyperplane method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73920 </DOCNO>
On simple and subtle properties of neutrinos


  Neutrino flavors, light and heavy, are discussed in their interdependence
within the minimal unifying gauge group of SO10. The general situation which
excludes the existence of an {\it exact} symmetry from which {\it exactly}
vanishing light neutrino masses would follow is discussed. {\it Subtle} and
{\it simple} consequences for 'low-low' oscillation phenomena are presented in
a general framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96021 </DOCNO>
Polynomial Diffeomorphisms of $\C^2$. VIII: Quasi-Expansion


  This paper continues our investigation of the dynamics of polynomial
diffeomorphisms of C^2. We introduce a dynamical property of polynomial
diffeomorphisms that generalizes hyperbolicity in the way that
semi-hyperbolicity generalizes hyperbolicity for polynomial maps of the complex
plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72486 </DOCNO>
QCD Isospin Breaking in Meson Masses, Decay Constants and Quark Mass


  The procedure to calculate masses and matrix-elements in the presence of
mixing of the basis states is explained in detail. We then apply this procedure
to the two-loop calculation in Chiral Perturbation Theory of pseudoscalar
masses and decay constants including quark mass isospin breaking. These results
are used to update our analysis of $K_{\ell4}$ done previously and obtain a
value of $m_u/m_d$ in addition to values for the low-energy-constants $L_i^r$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95746 </DOCNO>
Operades differentielles graduees sur les simplexes et les permutoedres


  We define several differential graded operads, some of them being related to
families of polytopes : simplices and permutohedra. We also obtain a
presentation by generators and relations of the operad K on associahedra
introduced in a previous article.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75380 </DOCNO>
Inclusive density of secondaries in heavy ion collisions


  The inclusive density of charged secondaries produced in high energy heavy
ion collisions are calculated in the framework of multiple scattering theory
and quark-gluon string model. The obtained results are in agreement with the
data only assuming rather large inelastic screening/percolation effects. We
predict the total saturation of relative inclusive densities in dependence on
the number of interacting nucleon. Predictions for LHC are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 856 </DOCNO>
Holes in a Quantum Spin Liquid


  Magnetic neutron scattering provides evidence for nucleation of
antiferromagnetic droplets around impurities in a doped nickel-oxide based
quantum magnet. The undoped parent compound contains a spin liquid with a
cooperative singlet ground state and a gap in the magnetic excitation spectrum.
Calcium doping creates excitations below the gap with an incommensurate
structure factor. We show that weakly interacting antiferromagnetic droplets
with a central phase shift of $\pi$ and a size controlled by the correlation
length of the quantum liquid can account for the data. The experiment provides
a first quantitative impression of the magnetic polarization cloud associated
with holes in a doped transition metal oxide.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129566 </DOCNO>
WIYN Open Cluster Study. X. The K-Band Magnitude of the Red Clump as a


  In an effort to improve the utility of the helium burning red clump
luminosity as a distance indicator, we explore the sensitivity of the K-band
red clump absolute magnitude Mk(RC) to metallicity and age. We rely upon JK
photometry for 14 open clusters and two globulars from the 2nd Incremental Data
Release of the 2MASS Point Source Catalog. The distances, metallicities, and
ages of the open clusters are all on an internally consistent system, while the
K(RC) values are measured from the 2MASS data. For clusters younger than ~2
Gyr, Mk(RC) is insensitive to metallicity but shows a dependence on age. In
contrast, for clusters older than ~2 Gyr, Mk(RC) is influenced primarily by the
metallicity of the population and shows little or no dependence on the age.
Theoretical red clump models based on the formalism of Girardi et al. reinforce
this finding. Over comparable metallicity and age ranges, our average Mk(RC)
value is in accord with that based on solar-neighborhood red clump stars with
HIPPARCOS parallaxes. Lastly, we compute the distance to the open cluster NGC
2158 using our red clump calibration. Adopting an age of 1.6 +/- 0.2 Gyr and
[Fe/H] = -0.24 +/- 0.06, our calibration yields a distance of (m-M)v = 14.38
+/- 0.09.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149926 </DOCNO>
Dynamical mass generation by source inversion: Calculating the mass gap


  We probe the U(N) Gross-Neveu model with a source-term $J\bar{\Psi}\Psi$. We
find an expression for the renormalization scheme and scale invariant source
$\hat{J}$, as a function of the generated mass gap. The expansion of this
function is organized in such a way that all scheme and scale dependence is
reduced to one single parameter d. We get a non-perturbative mass gap as the
solution of $\hat{J}=0$. In one loop we find that any physical choice for d
gives good results for high values of N. In two loops we can determine d
self-consistently by the principle of minimal sensitivity and find remarkably
accurate results for N>2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149280 </DOCNO>
On The Strong-Coupling Spectrum of Pure SU(3) Seiberg-Witten Theory


  We consider the two complex dimensional moduli space of supersymmetric vacua
for low energy effective N=2 SYM with gauge group SU(3). We describe, at the
topological level, a consistent model of how the relevant curves of marginal
stability (CMS) intertwine with the branch cuts to partition the moduli space
into pieces carrying different BPS spectra. At strong coupling we find
connected cores which carry a smaller BPS spectrum than that at weak coupling.
At the strongest coupling we find double cores which carry a finite BPS
spectrum. These include not only states one can deduce from the monodromy
group, but three states, bounded away from weak coupling, each of which we
interpret as a bound state of two BPS gauge bosons. We find new BPS states at
weak coupling corresponding to a excitations of a state with magnetic charge a
simple co-root, with respect to the other simple root direction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128921 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Quenching of the $\alpha^2$ Dynamo


  We present a two-scale approximation for the dynamics of a nonlinear
$\alpha^2$ dynamo. Solutions of the resulting nonlinear equations agree with
the numerical simulations of Brandenburg (2001), and show that $\alpha$ is
quenched by the buildup of magnetic helicity at the forcing scale $1/k_2$ as
the $\alpha$ effect transfers it from the large scale $1/k_1$. For times $t >
(k_1/k_2)R_{M,2}$ in eddy turnover units (where $R_{M,2}$ is the magnetic
Reynolds number of the forcing scale), $\alpha$ is resistively limited in the
form predicted for the steady-state case. However, for $t << R_{M,2}$, $\alpha$
takes on its kinematic value, independent of $R_{M,2}$, allowing the production
of large-scale magnetic energy equal to $k_1/k_2$ times equipartition. Thus the
dynamic theory of $\alpha$ predicts substantial "fast" growth of large-scale
field despite being "slow" at large times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168703 </DOCNO>
Can quantum chaos enhance stability of quantum computation?


  We consider stability of a general quantum algorithm with respect to a fixed
but unknown residual interaction between qubits, and show a surprising fact,
namely that the average fidelity of quantum computation increases by decreasing
average time correlation function of the perturbing operator in sequences of
consecutive quantum gates. Our thinking is applied to the quantum Fourier
transformation where an alternative 'less regular' quantum algorithm is devised
which is qualitatively more robust against static random residual n-qubit
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74925 </DOCNO>
Correlated perturbations from inflation and the cosmic microwave


  We compare the latest cosmic microwave background data with theoretical
predictions including correlated adiabatic and CDM isocurvature perturbations
with a simple power-law dependence. We find that there is a degeneracy between
the amplitude of correlated isocurvature perturbations and the spectral tilt. A
negative (red) tilt is found to be compatible with a larger isocurvature
contribution. Estimates of the baryon and CDM densities are found to be almost
independent of the isocurvature amplitude. The main result is that current
microwave background data do not exclude a dominant contribution from CDM
isocurvature fluctuations on large scales, and marginally favour a significant
fraction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97025 </DOCNO>
Combinatorics and invariant theory of multiplicity free spaces


  We study the generalization of shifted Jack polynomials to arbitrary
multiplicity free spaces. In a previous paper (math.RT/0006004) we showed that
these polynomials are eigenfunctions for commuting difference operators. Our
central result now is the "transposition formula", a generalization of
Okounkov's binomial theorem (q-alg/9608021) for shifted Jack polynomials. From
this formula, we derive an interpolation formula, an evaluation formula, a
scalar product, a binomial theorem, and properties of the algebra generated by
the multiplication and difference operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125316 </DOCNO>
The Formation of the Milky Way in the Cosmological Context


  The formation of the Milky Way is discussed within the context of the cold
dark matter scenario. Several problems arise which can be solved if the Galaxy
experienced an early phase of gas heating and decoupling from the dark matter
substructure. This model combines the Eggen, Lynden-Bell and Sandage picture of
a monolithic protogalactic collapses with the Searle and Zinn picture of an
early merging phase of substructures into one consistent scenario of Galactic
formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3025 </DOCNO>
Coherent transmission through a one dimensional quantum dot linear array


  Based on the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green function (NGF) technique, a general
formula for the current and transmission coefficient through a one dimensional
quantum dot lattice is derived without the consideration of electron-electron
interactions.
 We obtain an analytical condition for complete resonant transmission when the
levels of dots are aligned, which depends on the parity of the number of
quantum dots. The dependence of the number and lineshape of resonant
transmission and current peaks on the structure parameters of the quantum dot
lattice is also given, with emphasis on the coupled double and triple quantum
dot structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2566 </DOCNO>
Soliton Tunneling Transistor


  We report on a macroscopic version of the single-electron transistor (SET),
which we call the soliton tunneling transistor (STT). The STT, consists of a
gate capacitor coupled to a NbSe$_{3}$ crystal with a charge density wave
(CDW). The current-voltage characteristic of an STT is periodically modulated
by the gate voltage, as in the SET,except that the periodicity corresponds to a
macroscopic displacement charge. These results appear to be consistent with
time- correlated quantum nucleation of solitons and antisolitons [see Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 84}, 1555 (2000)]. We discuss how the microscopic degrees of
freedom within the condensate might enable quantum behavior at high
temperatures, and report on preliminary modeling studies using a coupled-phase
Hamiltonian to interpret our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3465 </DOCNO>
Optical absorption for parallel cylinder arrays


  We study the long wavelength electromagnetic resonances of interacting
cylinder arrays. By using a normal modes expansion where the effects of
geometry and material are separated, it is shown that two parallel cylinders
with different radii have electromagnetic modes distributed symmetrically about
depolarization factor 1/2. Both sets couple to longitudinal and transverse
components of the external field, but amplitudes of symmetric depolarization
factors become exchanged when considering longitudinal or transverse
polarization. We also find that amplitudes satisfy sum rules that depend on the
ratio of the cylinders radii.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149197 </DOCNO>
Fermions in Bosonic String Theories


  We generalize the Jackiw-Rebbi-Hasenfratz-'t Hooft construction of fermions
from bosons to demonstrate the fermionic nature of certain bound states
involving SU(N) instantons in even spatial dimensions and SO(N) instantons in
$8k+1$ spatial dimensions. We use this result to identify several fermionic
excitations in various perturbatively bosonic string theories. In some examples
we are able to identify these fermions as excitations in known conformal field
theories and independently confirm their fermionic nature. Examples of the
fermions we find include certain 3-string junctions in type 0B theory,
excitations of the 0-p system in type 0A theory, excitations of the stable
D-particle of type O theory, and a rich spectrum of fermions in the bosonic
string compactified on the SO(32) group lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98048 </DOCNO>
Complexity and growth for polygonal billiards


  We establish a relationship between the word complexity and the number of
generalized diagonals for a polygonal billiard. We conclude that in the
rational case the complexity function has cubic upper and lower bounds. In the
tiling case the complexity has cubic asymptotic growth.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 468 </DOCNO>
Possible pseudogap behavior of electron doped high-temperature


  We have measured the low-energy quasiparticle excitation spectrum of the
electron doped high-temperature superconductors (HTS) Nd(1.85)Ce(0.15)CuO(4-y)
and Pr(1.85)Ce(0.15)CuO(4-y) as a function of temperature and applied magnetic
field using tunneling spectroscopy. At zero magnetic field, for these optimum
doped samples no excitation gap is observed in the tunneling spectra above the
transition temperature Tc. In contrast, below Tc for applied magnetic fields
well above the resistively determined upper critical field, a clear excitation
gap at the Fermi level is found which is comparable to the superconducting
energy gap below Tc. Possible interpretations of this observation are the
existence of a normal state pseudogap in the electron doped HTS or the
existence of a spatially non-uniform superconducting state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75661 </DOCNO>
Double Threefold Degeneracies for Active and Sterile Neutrinos


  We explore the possibility that the 3 active (doublet) neutrinos have nearly
degenerate masses which are split only by the usual seesaw mechanism from 3
sterile (singlet) neutrinos in the presence of a softly broken $A_4$ symmetry.
We take the unconventional view that the sterile neutrinos may be light, i.e.
less than 1 keV, and discuss some very interesting and novel phenomenology,
including a connection between the LSND neutrino data and solar neutrino
oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126629 </DOCNO>
Shapes and Shears, Stars and Smears: Optimal Measurements for Weak


  We present the theoretical and analytical bases of optimal techniques to
measure weak gravitational shear from images of galaxies. We first characterize
the geometric space of shears and ellipticity, then use this geometric
interpretation to analyse images. The steps of this analysis include:
measurement of object shapes on images, combining measurements of a given
galaxy on different images, estimating the underlying shear from an ensemble of
galaxy shapes, and compensating for the systematic effects of image distortion,
bias from PSF asymmetries, and `"dilution" of the signal by the seeing. These
methods minimize the ellipticity measurement noise, provide calculable shear
uncertainty estimates, and allow removal of systematic contamination by PSF
effects to arbitrary precision. Galaxy images and PSFs are decomposed into a
family of orthogonal 2d Gaussian-based functions, making the PSF correction and
shape measurement relatively straightforward and computationally efficient. We
also discuss sources of noise-induced bias in weak lensing measurements and
provide a solution for these and previously identified biases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129590 </DOCNO>
Harmonic analysis of cosmic microwave background data I: ring reductions


  We present a harmonic model for the data analysis of an all-sky cosmic
microwave background survey, such as Planck, where the survey is obtained
through ring-scans of the sky. In this model, resampling and pixelisation of
the data are avoided. The spherical transforms of the sky at each frequency, in
total intensity and polarization, as well as the bright-point-source catalogue,
are derived directly from the data reduced onto the rings. Formal errors and
the most significant correlation coefficients for the spherical transforms of
the frequency maps are preserved. A clean and transparent path from the
original samplings in the time domain to the final scientific products is thus
obtained. The data analysis is largely based on Fourier analysis of rings; the
positional stability of the instrument's spin axis during these scans is a
requirement for the data model and is investigated here for the Planck
satellite. Brighter point sources are recognised and extracted as part of the
ring reductions and, on the basis of accumulated data, used to build a
catalogue. The analysis of the rings is performed iteratively, involving a
range of geometric and detector response calibrations. The reconstructed
spherical transforms of the sky form the input to the subsequent analysis
stages. Although the methods in this paper were developed with the data
processing for Planck in mind, many aspects should have wider application, such
as in the construction of real-space pixelised maps. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123615 </DOCNO>
The X-ray Emission in Post-Merger Ellipticals


  The evolution in X-ray properties of early-type galaxies is largely
unconstrained. In particular, little is known about how, and if, remnants of
mergers generate hot gas halos. Here we examine the relationship between X-ray
luminosity and galaxy age for a sample of early-type galaxies. Comparing
normalized X-ray luminosity to three different age indicators we find that
L_X/L_B increases with age, suggesting an increase in X-ray halo mass with time
after a galaxy's last major star-formation episode. The long-term nature of
this trend, which appears to continue across the full age range of our sample,
poses a challenge for many models of hot halo formation. We conclude that
models involving a declining rate of type Ia supernovae, and a transition from
outflow to inflow of the gas originally lost by galactic stars, offers the most
promising explanation for the observed evolution in X-ray luminosity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98053 </DOCNO>
On the Number of Eigenvalues of Jacobi Operators


  We present a new oscillation criterion to determine whether the number of
eigenvalues below the essential spectrum of a given Jacobi operator is finite
or not. As a special case we obtain a generalization of Kenser's criterion for
Sturm-Liouville operators to Jacobi operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179563 </DOCNO>
Parity-Violating Interaction Effects I: the Longitudinal Asymmetry in pp


  The proton-proton parity-violating longitudinal asymmetry is calculated in
the lab-energy range 0--350 MeV, using a number of different, latest-generation
strong-interaction potentials--Argonne V18, Bonn-2000, and Nijmegen-I--in
combination with a weak-interaction potential consisting of rho- and
omega-meson exchanges--the model known as DDH. The complete scattering problem
in the presence of parity-conserving, including Coulomb, and parity-violating
potentials is solved in both configuration- and momentum-space. The predicted
parity-violating asymmetries are found to be only weakly dependent upon the
input strong-interaction potential adopted in the calculation. Values for the
rho- and omega-meson weak coupling constants $h^{pp}_\rho$ and $h^{pp}_\omega$
are determined by reproducing the measured asymmetries at 13.6 MeV, 45 MeV, and
221 MeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149590 </DOCNO>
Fractional Statistics in terms of the r-Generalized Fibonacci Sequences


  We develop the basis of the two dimensional generalized quantum statistical
systems by using results on $r$-generalized Fibonacci sequences. According to
the spin value $s$ of the 2d-quasiparticles, we distinguish four classes of
quantum statistical systems indexed by $ s=0,1/2:mod(1)$, $s=1/M:mod(1)$,
$s=n/M:mod(1)$ and $0\leq s\leq 1:mod(1)$. For quantum gases of quasiparticles
with $s=1/M:mod(1)$, $M\geq 2,$, we show that the statistical weights densities
$\rho_M$ are given by the integer hierarchies of Fibonacci sequences. This is a
remarkable result which envelopes naturally the Fermi and Bose statistics and
may be thought of as an alternative way to the Haldane interpolating
statistical method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4728 </DOCNO>
For the Quantum Heisenberg Ferromagnet, a Polymer Expansion and its High


  We let Psi_0 be a wave function for the Quantum Heisenberg ferromagnet sharp
i sigma_zi and Psi_mu = exp(-mu*H)Psi_0. We study expectations similar to the
form <Psi_mu,(sigma_zi)Psi_mu>/<Psi_mu,Psi_mu> for which we present a formal
polymer expansion, whose convergence we prove for sufficiently small mu.
  The approach of the paper is to relate the wavefunction Psi_mu to an
approximation to it that is a product function. In the jth spot of the product
approximation the upper component is phi_mu(j), and the lower component is
(1-phi_mu(j)), where phi satisfies the lattice heat equation. This is shown via
a cluster or polymer expansion.
  The present work began in a previous paper, primarily a numerical study, and
provides a proof of results related to Conjecture 3 of this previous paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74494 </DOCNO>
Review of BFKL


  I describe the underlying physics behind the BFKL resummation and discuss
some of the recent ideas and results in this field. On the theoretical side I
consider the formalism in the next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) approximation
and the interpretation of the large corrections. On the phenomenological side I
discuss several experiments that attempt to observe the BFKL effects in the
high energy limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98236 </DOCNO>
Nahm's equations, configuration spaces and flag manifolds


  We give a positive answer to the Berry-Robbins problem for any compact Lie
group G, i.e. we show the existence of a smooth W-equivariant map from the
space of regular triples in a Cartan subalgebra to the flag manifold G/T. This
map is constructed via solutions to Nahm's equations and it is compatible with
the SO(3) action, where SO(3) acts on G/T via a regular homomorphism from SU(2)
to G. We then generalize this picture to include an arbitrary homomorphism from
SU(2) to G. This leads to an interesting geometrical picture which appears to
be related to the Springer representation of the Weyl group and the work of
Kazhdan and Lusztig on representations of Hecke algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86621 </DOCNO>
4-Dimensional optics, an alternative to relativity


  The starting point of this work is the principle that all movement of
particles and photons in the observable Universe must follow geodesics of a
4-dimensional space where time intervals are always a measure of geodesic arc
lengths, i.e. $c^2(\mathrm{d}t)^2 = g_{\alpha \beta} \mathrm{d} x^\alpha
\mathrm{d} x^\beta$, with $c$ is the speed of light in vacuum, $t$ time,
$g_{\alpha \beta}$ and the metric tensor; $x^\alpha$ represents any of 4 space
coordinates. The last 3 coordinates $(\alpha = 1,2,3)$ are immediately
associated with the usual physical space coordinates, while the first
coordinate $(\alpha=0)$ is later found to be related to \emph{proper time}. The
work shows that this principle is applicable in several important situations
and suggests that the underlying principle can, in fact, be used universally.
Starting with special relativity it is shown that there is perfect mapping
between the geodesics on Minkowski space-time and on this alternative space.
The discussion than follows through light propagation in a refractive medium,
and some cases of gravitation, including Schwartzschild's outer metric. The
last part of the presentation is dedicated to electromagnetic interaction and
Maxwell's equations, showing that there is a particular solution where one of
the space dimensions is eliminated and the geodesics become equivalent to light
rays in geometrical optics. A very brief discussion is made of the implications
for wave-particle duality and quantization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75261 </DOCNO>
SO(10) grand unification in five dimensions: Proton decay and the mu


  We construct a minimal supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified model in 5
dimensions. The extra dimension is compactified on an S^1/(Z_2 x Z_2^\prime)
orbifold which has two in-equivalent fixed points. These are flat 4-dimensional
Minkowski spaces: the visible and the hidden branes. By orbifolding, the gauge
symmetry on the hidden brane is reduced down to the Pati--Salam gauge symmetry
SU(4) x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R. On the visible brane the SO(10) is broken by the
ordinary Higgs mechanism down to SU(5). The resulting 4-dimensional theory has
the standard model gauge symmetry (the intersection of SU(5) and SU(4) x
SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R) and the massless spectrum consists of the MSSM gauge fields
and two Higgs doublets. The matter fields are assumed to live on the visible
brane. We discuss gauge coupling unification in our 5-dimensional model in
terms of corrections to the conventional 4-dimensional unification.
Supersymmetry is broken on the hidden brane (where mass terms for gauginos and
a mu term are generated) and communicated to squarks and sleptons via gaugino
mediation. We also discuss a possibility of linking the supersymmetry breaking
on the hidden brane to the Higgs mechanism responsible for partial breaking of
the gauge symmetry on the visible brane via the shining mechanism. Finally,
there are no operators of dimension 5 leading to proton decay. Proton decay
through dimension 6 operators is enhanced compared to conventional GUTs and can
be seen in current or next generation proton decay experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72751 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Phase Transitions and Gravitational Waves at LISA


  Gravitational waves generated during a first-order electroweak phase
transition have a typical frequency which today falls just within the band of
the planned space interferometer LISA. Contrary to what happens in the Standard
Model, in its supersymmetric extensions the electroweak phase transition may be
strongly first order, providing a mechanism for generating the observed baryon
asymmetry in the Universe. We show that during the same transition the
production of gravitational waves can be rather sizable. While the energy
density in gravitational waves can reach at most $h_0^2 \Omega_{\rm gw}\simeq
10^{-16}$ in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, in the Next-to-Minimal
Supersymmetric Model, in some parameter range, $h_0^2 \Omega_{\rm gw}$ can be
as high as $4\times 10^{-11}$. A stochastic background of gravitational waves
of this intensity is within the reach of the planned sensitivity of LISA. Since
in the Standard Model the background of gravitational waves is totally
neglegible, its detection would also provide a rather unexpected experimental
signal of supersymmetry and a tool to descriminate among supersymmetric models
with different Higgs content.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5115 </DOCNO>
Velocity Correlations, Diffusion and Stochasticity in a One-Dimensional


  We consider the motion of a test particle in a one-dimensional system of
equal-mass point particles. The test particle plays the role of a microscopic
"piston" that separates two hard-point gases with different concentrations and
arbitrary initial velocity distributions. In the homogeneous case when the
gases on either side of the piston are in the same macroscopic state, we
compute and analyze the stationary velocity autocorrelation function C(t).
Explicit expressions are obtained for certain typical velocity distributions,
serving to elucidate in particular the asymptotic behavior of C(t). It is shown
that the occurrence of a non-vanishing probability mass at zero velocity is
necessary for the occurrence of a long-time tail in C(t). The conditions under
which this is a $t^{-3}$ tail are determined. Turning to the inhomogeneous
system with different macroscopic states on either side of the piston, we
determine its effective diffusion coefficient from the asymptotic behavior of
the variance of its position, as well as the leading behavior of the other
moments about the mean. Finally, we present an interpretation of the effective
noise arising from the dynamics of the two gases, and thence that of the
stochastic process to which the position of any particle in the system reduces
in the thermodynamic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98512 </DOCNO>
A general Plucker formula


  We prove a formula which compares intersection numbers of conormal varieties
of two projective varieties and their dual varieties.
  When one of them is linear, we can recover the usual Plucker formula for the
degree of the dual variety.
  The basic strategy of the proof is to study a category of Lagrangian
subvarieties in the cotangent bundle of a projective space under a birational
transformation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126206 </DOCNO>
Pulsars Born in Open Stellar Clusters


  For two nearby pulsars, formed close to the galactic plane, their host open
stellar clusters have been found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3352 </DOCNO>
Low Voltage I-V Characteristics in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions


  We show that elastic currents that take into account variations of the tunnel
transmitivity with voltage and a large ratio of majority to minority spin
densities of states of the $s$ band, can account for the low voltage current
anomalies observed in magnet-oxide-magnet junctions. The anomalies can be
positive, negative or have a mixed form, depending of the position of the Fermi
level in the $s$ band, in agreement with observations. Magnon contribution is
negligible small to account for the sharp drop of the magnetoresistance with
the voltage bias.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72967 </DOCNO>
Production asymmetry of D mesons in $\gamma p$ collisions


  We study the production asymmetry of charm versus anticharm mesons in
photon-proton interactions. We consider photon gluon fusion plus higher order
corrections in which light quarks through vector meson-proton interactions
contribute to the cross section. Non perturbative effects are included in terms
of a recombination mechanism which gives rise to a production asymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41573 </DOCNO>
Selected design issues of a dedicated facility for generic QCD studies


  QCD, even if presently out of fashion, deserves a dedicated, generic research
program providing new challenges for the theory and aiming at understanding
hadronic matter and vacuum in terms of quark and gluon degrees of freedom. Such
a research program needs a dedicated facility to re-address basic questions
which remain unanswered and to open new vistas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125951 </DOCNO>
Neutrino-nucleon scattering rate in proto neutron star matter


  We present a calculation of the neutrino-nucleon scattering cross section
which takes into account the nuclear correlations in the relativistic random
phase approximation. Our approach is based on a quantum hadrodynamics model
with exchange of $\sigma$, $\omega$, $\pi$, $\rho$ and $\delta$ mesons. In view
of applications to neutrino transport in the final stages of supernova
explosion and protoneutron star cooling, we study the evolution of the neutrino
mean free path as a function of density, proton-neutron asymmetry and
temperature. Special attention was paid to the issues of renormalization of the
Dirac sea, residual interactions in the tensor channel and meson mixing. It is
found that RPA corrections, with respect to the mean field approximation,
amount to only 10% to 15% at high density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81449 </DOCNO>
Glueball Properties at Finite Temperature


  We study the glueball properties at finite temperature below T_c using SU(3)
anisotropic quenched lattice QCD with beta=6.25, the renormalized anisotropy
gamma = a_s/a_t = 4 and 20^3 \times N_t (N_t = 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 43, 45, 50,
72). From the temporal correlation analysis with the smearing method, we
observe the mass reduction of about 20 % for the lowest 0^{++} glueball as
m_G(T) = 1.25 \pm 0.1 GeV for 0.8 T_c < T < T_c in comparison with m_G \simeq
1.5 \sim 1.7 GeV at T \sim 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3937 </DOCNO>
Aging, phase ordering and conformal invariance


  In a variety of systems which exhibit aging, the two-time response function
scales as $R(t,s)\approx s^{-1-a} f(t/s)$. We argue that dynamical scaling can
be extended towards conformal invariance, obtaining thus the explicit form of
the scaling function $f$. This quantitative prediction is confirmed in several
spin systems, both for $T<T_c$ (phase ordering) and $T=T_c$ (non-equilibrium
critical dynamics). The 2D and 3D Ising models with Glauber dynamics are
studied numerically, while exact results are available for the spherical model
with a non-conserved order parameter, both for short-ranged and long-ranged
interactions, as well as for the mean-field spherical spin glass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85786 </DOCNO>
Delay Equations and Radiation Damping


  Starting from delay equations that model field retardation effects, we study
the origin of runaway modes that appear in the solutions of the classical
equations of motion involving the radiation reaction force. When retardation
effects are small, we argue that the physically significant solutions belong to
the so-called slow manifold of the system and we identify this invariant
manifold with the attractor in the state space of the delay equation. We
demonstrate via an example that when retardation effects are no longer small,
the motion could exhibit bifurcation phenomena that are not contained in the
local equations of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125082 </DOCNO>
Model-independent insights into the nature of the Lyman-alpha forest and


  Straightforward physical arguments are used to derive the properties of
Lyman-alpha forest absorbers. It is shown that many aspects of the current
physical picture of the forest, in particular the fact that the absorption
arises in extended structures of moderate overdensities which contain a large
fraction of the baryons in the universe, can be derived directly from the
observations without making any specific assumptions about the presence and
distribution of dark matter, the values of the cosmological parameters or the
mechanism for structure formation. The key argument is that along any line of
sight intersecting a gravitationally confined gas cloud, the size of the region
over which the density is of order the maximum density, is typically of order
the local Jeans length. This is true for overdense absorbers, regardless of the
shape of the cloud and regardless of whether the cloud as a whole is in
dynamical equilibrium. The simple analytic model is used to derive the mass
distribution of the photoionized gas directly from the observed column density
distribution. It is demonstrated that the shape of the column density
distribution, in particular the observed deviations from a single power-law,
and its evolution with redshift, reflect the shape of the matter distribution
and can be understood in terms of the growth of structure via gravitational
instability in an expanding universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95573 </DOCNO>
Recursive subhomogeneous algebras


  We introduce and characterize a particularly tractable class of unital type 1
C*-algebras with bounded dimension of irreducible representations. Algebras in
this class are called recursive subhomogeneous algebras, and they have an
inductive description (through iterated pullbacks) which allows one to carry
over from algebras of the form C (X, M_n) many of the constructions relevant in
the study of the stable rank and K-theory of simple direct limits of
homogeneous C*-algebras. Our characterization implies in particular that if A
is a separable C*-algebra whose irreducible representations all have dimension
at most N (for some finite N), and if for each n the space of n-dimensional
irreducible representations has finite covering dimension, then A is a
recursive subhomogeneous algebra. We demonstrate the good properties of this
class by proving subprojection and cancellation theorems in it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96792 </DOCNO>
Sur certains espaces de Hilbert de fonctions entieres, lies a la


  We construct in a Sonine Space of entire functions a subspace related to the
Riemann zeta function and we show that the quotient contains vectors
intrinsically attached to the non-trivial zeros and their multiplicities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5188 </DOCNO>
Absence of effective spins 1/2 induced by nonmagnetic impurities in a


  We show that doping a Majumdar--Ghosh chain with non-magnetic impurities does
{\it not} produce almost free spins 1/2. The difference between this system and
other spin liquids, such as unfrustrated spin ladders, is illustrated in the
context of the general dimerized, frustrated spin chain. By detailed analysis
of the excitation spectra of finite chains with two impurities, we investigate
the evolution of the screening affecting impurity-induced free spins, and of
the sign and magnitude of their effective interactions. We comment on a
possible connection to impurity-doping experiments in CuGeO_3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168211 </DOCNO>
Random Behaviour in Quantum Chaos


  We investigate toy dynamical models of energy - level repulsion in quantum
(quasi)energy eigenvalue sequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114097 </DOCNO>
Self Gravitating Instability of a Compressible Fluid Cylinder


  The self-gravitating instability of a compressible-inviscid fluid cylinder
immersed into a self-gravitating tenuous medium of negligible motion is
developed. The stability criterion is derived based on the linear perturbation
technique. Some previous reported works are recovered. The effect of different
factors on the fluid cylinder instability is discussed. The compressibility has
a tendency for a stabilizing the model in particular as the sound speed $a$ is
very large in the stable domains $1.0233928\leq x<\infty$ but comparatively
small in the unstable domains $0<x<1.0233928$ where $x=k R_{_{0}}$ is the
dimensionless longitudinal wavenumber with $k$ is the axial wavenumber and
$R_{_{0}}$ is the radius of the cylinder. In the absence of the compressibility
factor the unstable domain is found to be $0<x<1.0678$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3771 </DOCNO>
Josephson current in superconductor-ferromagnet structures with a


  We calculate the dc Josephson current $I_J$ for two types of
superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) Josephson junctions. The junction of the first
type is a S/F/S junction. On the basis of the Eilenberger equation, the
Josephson current is calculated for an arbitrary impurity concentration. If $%
h\tau\ll1$ the expression for the Josephson critical current $I_c$ is reduced
to that which can be obtained from the Usadel equation ($h$ is the exchange
energy, $\tau$ is the momentum relaxation time). In the opposite limit
$h\tau\gg1$ the superconducting condensate oscillates with period $% v_F/h$ and
penetrates into the F region over distances of the order of the mean free path
$l$. For this kind of junctions we also calculate $I_J$ in the case when the F
layer presents a nonhomogeneous (spiral) magnetic structure with the period
$2\pi /Q$. It is shown that for not too low temperatures, the $\pi$-state which
occurs in the case of a homogeneous magnetization (Q=0) may disappear even at
small values of $Q$. In this nonhomogeneous case, the superconducting
condensate has a nonzero triplet component and can penetrate into the F layer
over a long distance of the order of $\xi_{T}=% \sqrt{D/2\pi T}$. The junction
of the second type consists of two S/F bilayers separated by a thin insulating
film. It is shown that the critical Josephson current $I_{c}$ depends on the
relative orientation of the effective exchange field $h$ of the bilayers. In
the case of an antiparallel orientation, $I_{c}$ increases with increasing $h$.
We establish also that in the F film deposited on a superconductor, the
Meissner current created by the internal magnetic field may be both diamagnetic
or paramagnetic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5083 </DOCNO>
Bulk and Interfacial Shear Thinning of Immiscible Polymers


  Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the shear
thinning behavior of immiscible symmetric polymer blends. The phase separated
polymers are subjected to a simple shear flow imposed by moving a wall parallel
to the fluid-fluid interface. The viscosity begins to shear thin at much lower
rates in the bulk than at the interface. The entire shear rate dependence of
the interfacial viscosity is consistent with a shorter effective chain length
$s^*$ that also describes the width of the interface. This $s^*$ is independent
of chain length $N$ and is a function only of the degree of immiscibility of
the two polymers. Changes in polymer conformation are studied as a function of
position and shear rate.Shear thinning correlates more closely with a decrease
in the component of the radius of gyration along the velocity gradient than
with elongation along the flow. At the interface, this contraction of chains is
independent of $N$ and consistent with the bulk behavior for chains of length
$s^*$. The distribution of conformational changes along chains is also studied.
Central regions begin to stretch at a shear rate that decreases with increasing
$N$, while shear induced changes at the ends of chains are independent of $N$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113917 </DOCNO>
Non Commutativity, Fluctuations and Unification


  We point out that in the non commutativity and breakdown of conventional
spacetime at micro scales lies the seed to the unification of gravitation and
electromagnetism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1687 </DOCNO>
Coulomb drag between a metal and a Wigner crystal


  We calculated the Coulomb drag contribution to the resistivity and the
transresistivity for a double layer system, in which the passive layer is a
Wigner crystal pinned by impurities, and the active one is a metal. We found
that in quasi one dimensional systems both quantities are suppressed at low
temperatures by the constraints of energy and momentum conservation in
electron-phonon scattering. In two dimensions both quantities are ~T^4, which
is consistent with Bloch law for the contribution of electron-phonon
interaction to the resistivity. Strong impurities in the Wigner crystal
decrease the transresistivity significantly when their number reaches the
logarithm of the number of sites in the crystal. In contrast, the drag
contribution to the resistivity is found to be independent of the impurities,
at least as long as their density is kept zero in the thermodynamic limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73966 </DOCNO>
Cosmological implications of the MAXIMA-I high resolution Cosmic


  We discuss the cosmological implications of the new constraints on the power
spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy derived from a new high
resolution analysis of the MAXIMA-1 measurement (Lee et al. 2001). The power
spectrum shows excess power at $\ell \sim 860$ over the average level of power
at $411 \le\ell \le 785.$ This excess is statistically significant on the 95%
confidence level. Such a feature is consistent with the presence of a third
acoustic peak, which is a generic prediction of inflation-based models. The
height and the position of the excess power match the predictions of a family
of inflationary models with cosmological parameters that are fixed to fit the
CMB data previously provided by BOOMERANG-LDB and MAXIMA-1 experiments (e.g.,
Jaffe et al.2001). Our results, therefore, lend support for inflationary models
and more generally for the dominance of coherent perturbations in the structure
formation of the Universe. At the same time, they seem to disfavor a large
variety of the non-standard (but still inflation-based) models that have been
proposed to improve the quality of fits to the CMB data and consistency with
other cosmological observables.
  Within standard inflationary models, our results combined with the COBE-DMR
data give best fit values and 95% confidence limits for the baryon density,
$\Omega_b h^2\simeq 0.033{\pm 0.013}$, and the total density,
$\Omega=0.9{+0.18\atop -0.16}$. The primordial spectrum slope ($n_s$) and the
optical depth to the last scattering surface ($\tau_c$) are found to be
degenerate and to obey the relation $n_s \simeq 0.46 \tau_c + (0.99 \pm 0.14)$,
for $\tau_c \le 0.5$ (all 95% c.l.).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74145 </DOCNO>
O(n) Spin Systems- Some General Properties: A Generalized


  Here we examine O(n) systems with arbitrary two spin interactions (of
unspecified range) within a general framework. We shall focus on
translationally invariant interactions. In the this case, we determine the
ground states of the $O(n \ge 2)$ systems. We further illustrate how one may
establish Peierls bounds for many Ising systems with long range interactions.
We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on the ground states and derive the
corresponding fluctuation integrals. The study of the thermal fluctuation
spectra will lead us to discover a very interesting odd-even $n$
(coupling-decoupling) effect. We will prove a generalized Mermin-Wagner-Coleman
(integral divergence) theorem for all translationally invariant interactions in
two dimensions with an analytic kernel in momentum space. We will show that
many three dimensional systems have smectic like thermodynamics. We will
examine the topology of the ground state manifolds for both translationally
invariant and spin glass systems. We conclude with a discussion of O(n) spin
dynamics in the general case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149473 </DOCNO>
Quasitriangular chiral WZW model in a nutshell


  We give the bare-bone description of the quasitriangular chiral WZW model for
the particular choice of the Lu-Weinstein-Soibelman Drinfeld double of the
affine Kac-Moody group. The symplectic structure of the model and its
Poisson-Lie symmetry are completely characterized by two $r$-matrices with
spectral parameter. One of them is ordinary and trigonometric and characterizes
the $q$-current algebra. The other is dynamical and elliptic (in fact Felder's
one) and characterizes the braiding of $q$-primary fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1735 </DOCNO>
Substitution effect of Zn and Cu in MgB2 on Tc and structure


  The investigation of Zn substitution in MgB2 polycrystalline samples shows
that about 0.1 Zn can be substituted in the structure of Mg deficient samples
while it can not be substituted in stoichiometric MgB2. As a result of the
isovalent Zn substitution into the Mg position of Mg deficient samples the a
and c lattice constants increase by about 0.17% and 0.2% respectively.
Susceptibility measurements show a slight lowering of Tc by about 0.5 K for
0.05 Zn, which decreases to 0.2 K for 0.1 Zn substitution. Investigation of the
pressure derivative of Tc shows dp/dTc = -0.15 K/kbar independent of Zn
content. Substitution of Cu leads to multiphase samples without any changes of
lattice constants, which indicates that Cu does not enter the structure of
MgB2. The Cu substitution broadens the superconducting transition considerably,
while the onset remains unchanged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128034 </DOCNO>
The relative abundances of ellipticals and starbursts among the


  We present J band observations of a complete sample of 57 red galaxies
selected to have K<20 and R-K>5.3. We use the Pozzetti and Mannucci (2000)
prescriptions, based on the R-K and J-K colours, to separate the two dominant
populations, old ellipticals and dusty starbursts. We find that both
populations are present in the current sample and have similar abundances, and
discuss the uncertainties in this result. Galactic stars comprise about 9% of
the objects. The starburst galaxies of the present sample are found to give a
contribution to the cosmic star formation density similar to the Lyman-break
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149228 </DOCNO>
The Jacobi identity for Dirac-like brackets


  For redundant second-class constraints the Dirac brackets cannot be defined
and new brackets must be introduced. We prove here that the Jacobi identity for
the new brackets must hold on the surface of the second-class constraints. In
order to illustrate our proof we work out explicitly the cases of a fractional
spin particle in 2+1 dimensions and the original Brink-Schwarz massless
superparticle in D=10 dimensions in a Lorentz covariant constraints separation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149406 </DOCNO>
Symplectic connections, Noncommutative Yang Mills theory and


  In built noncommutativity of supermembranes with central charges in eleven
dimensions is disclosed. This result is used to construct an action for a
noncommutative supermembrane where interesting topological terms appear. In
order to do so, we first set up a global formulation for noncommutative Yang
Mills theory over general symplectic manifolds. We make the above constructions
following a pure geometrical procedure using the concept of connections over
Weyl algebra bundles on symplectic manifolds. The relation between
noncommutative and ordinary supermembrane actions is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76192 </DOCNO>
Evolution of the Fine Structure Constant Driven by Dark Matter and the


  Bekenstein's model of a scalar field, \phi, that affects the electromagnetic
permeability (usually identified with ``changing \alpha'') predicts tiny
variations of the effective fine structure constant up to very high red-shifts,
|\alpha(z=3.5)/\alpha_0-1| < 10^{-10}, when the constraints from
E\"otv\"os-Dicke-Braginsky types of experiments are imposed. We generalize this
model by allowing additional couplings of \phi to both a dark matter candidate
and to the cosmological constant. We show that in a supersymmetric
generalization of Bekenstein's model, the coupling to the LSP, which is assumed
to contribute significantly to the dark matter density, can be up to six orders
of magnitude stronger than the coupling to the baryon energy density. This
allows one to evade the present limits on the non-universality of the
gravitational attraction due to \phi-exchange and at the same time accommodate
the effective shift in \alpha at the level of \alpha(z=3.5)/\alpha_0-1 \sim
10^{-5}, reported recently from observations of quasar absorption spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124718 </DOCNO>
Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows with Energy Injection: Homogeneous Versus


  Assuming an adiabatic evolution of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireball
interacting with an external medium, we calculate the hydrodynamics of the
fireball with energy injection from a strongly magnetic millisecond pulsar
through magnetic dipole radiation, and obtain the light curve of the optical
afterglow from the fireball by synchrotron radiation. Results are given both
for a homogeneous external medium and for a wind ejected by GRB progenitor. Our
calculations are also available in both ultra-relativistic and non-relativistic
phases. Furthermore, the observed R-band light curve of GRB{000301C} can be
well fitted in our model, which might provide a probe of the properties of GRB
progenitors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128712 </DOCNO>
An HI survey of the Centaurus and Sculptor Groups - Constraints on the


  We present results of two 21-cm HI surveys performed with the Australia
Telescope Compact Array in the nearby Centaurus A and Sculptor galaxy groups.
These surveys are sensitive to compact HI clouds and galaxies with HI masses as
low as 3E+06 Msun, and are therefore among the most sensitive extragalactic HI
surveys to date. The surveys consist of sparsely spaced pointings that sample
approximately 2% of the groups' area on the sky. We detected previously known
group members, but we found no new HI clouds or galaxies down to the
sensitivity limit of the surveys. If the HI mass function had a faint end slope
of alpha = 1.5 below M_{HI} = 10^{7.5} Msun in these groups, we would have
expected ~3 new objects. Cold dark matter theories of galaxy formation predict
the existence of a large number low mass DM sub-halos that might appear as tiny
satellites in galaxy groups. Our results support and extend similar conclusions
derived from previous HI surveys that a HI rich population of these satellites
does not exist.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5415 </DOCNO>
Extreme Value Statistics and Traveling Fronts: An Application to


  We study the statistics of height and balanced height in the binary search
tree problem in computer science. The search tree problem is first mapped to a
fragmentation problem which is then further mapped to a modified directed
polymer problem on a Cayley tree. We employ the techniques of traveling fronts
to solve the polymer problem and translate back to derive exact asymptotic
properties in the original search tree problem. The second mapping allows us
not only to re-derive the already known results for random binary trees but to
obtain new exact results for search trees where the entries arrive according to
an arbitrary distribution, not necessarily randomly. Besides it allows us to
derive the asymptotic shape of the full probability distribution of height and
not just its moments. Our results are then generalized to $m$-ary search trees
with arbitrary distribution. An attempt has been made to make the article
accessible to both physicists and computer scientists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5703 </DOCNO>
Strain-driven transitions between surface reconstructions


  Strain can greatly modify the state of a crystal surface, and cause
reconstruction and deconstruction phase transitions even at constant
temperature. We carried out test calculations of surface free energy
differences that illustrate the phenomenon, and parallel simulations that
demonstrate directly how the prototype reconstruction of Au(111) should change
under bending-induced strain. That should also cause a sliding of the topmost
layer over the second, suggesting an interesting case of nanofriction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127273 </DOCNO>
Prospects for Constraining Cosmology with the Extragalactic Cosmic


  Observers have demonstrated that it is now feasible to measure the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) temperature at high redshifts. We explore the
possible constraints on cosmology which might ultimately be derived from such
measurements. Besides providing a consistency check on standard and alternative
cosmologies, possibilities include: constraints on the inhomogeneity and
anisotropy of the universe at intermediate redshift $z ^<_\sim 10$; an
independent probe of peculiar motions with respect to the Hubble flow; and
constraining the epoch of reionization. We argue that the best possibility is
as a probe of peculiar motions. We show, however, that the current measurement
uncertainty ($\Delta T= \pm 0.002 $K) in the local present absolute CMB
temperature imposes intrinsic limits on the use of such CMB temperature
measurements as a cosmological probe. At best, anisotropies at intermediate
redshift could only be constrained at a level of $^>_\sim 0.1%$ and peculiar
motions could only be determined to an uncertainty of $^>_\sim 311$ km
s$^{-1}$. If the high $z$ CMB temperature can only be measured with a precision
comparable to the uncertainty of the local interstellar CMB temperature, then
peculiar motions could be determined to an uncertainty of $1101 (1+z)^{-1}
[\Delta T_{CMB}(z)/0.01 K] km s^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113411 </DOCNO>
Signal velocity, causality, and quantum noise in superluminal light


  We consider pulse propagation in a linear anomalously dispersive medium where
the group velocity exceeds the speed of light in vacuum (c) or even becomes
negative. A signal velocity is defined operationally based on the optical
signal-to-noise ratio, and is computed for cases appropriate to the recent
experiment where such a negative group velocity was observed. It is found that
quantum fluctuations limit the signal velocity to values less than c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113851 </DOCNO>
Generalized Lagrangians and spinning particles


  The use of generalized Lagrangians for describing elementary particles was
already claimed by Ostrogradskii. It is shown how the spin structure of
elementary particles arises if one allows the Lagrangian to depend on higher
order derivatives. One part is related to the rotation of the particle and the
other, which is coming from the dependence of the Lagrangian on the
acceleration, is known as the zitterbewegung part of spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97672 </DOCNO>
Quantum K-theory on flag manifolds, finite-difference Toda lattices and


  We conjecture that appropriate K-theoretic Gromov-Witten invariants of
complex flag manifolds G/B are governed by finite-difference versions of Toda
systems constructed in terms of the Langlands-dual quantized universal
enveloping algebras U_q(g'). The conjecture is proved in the case of classical
flag manifolds of the series A. The proof is based on a refinement of the
famous Atiyah-Hirzebruch argument for rigidity of arithmetical genus applied to
hyperquot-scheme compactifications of spaces of rational curves in the flag
manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168611 </DOCNO>
Quantum Key Distribution using Multilevel Encoding: Security Analysis


  We present security proofs for a protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
based on encoding in finite high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This protocol is
an extension of Bennett's and Brassard's basic protocol from two bases, two
state encoding to a multi bases, multi state encoding. We analyze the mutual
information between the legitimate parties and the eavesdropper, and the error
rate, as function of the dimension of the Hilbert space, while considering
optimal incoherent and coherent eavesdropping attacks. We obtain the upper
limit for the legitimate party error rate to ensure unconditional security when
the eavesdropper uses incoherent and coherent eavesdropping strategies. We have
also consider realistic noise caused by detector's noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74107 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo Models: Quo Vadimus?


  Coherence, multiple scattering and the interplay between soft and hard
processes are discussed. These physics phenomena are essential for
understanding the nuclear dependences of rapidity density and $p_T$ spectra in
high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The RHIC data have shown the onset of hard
processes and indications of high $p_T$ spectra suppression due to parton
energy loss. Within the pQCD parton model, the combination of azimuthal
anisotropy ($v_2$) and hadron spectra suppression at large $p_T$ can help one
to determine the initial gluon density in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126105 </DOCNO>
Astrophysical significance of the anisotropic kinetic alpha effect


  The generation of large scale flows by the anisotropic kinetic alpha (AKA)
effect is investigated in simulations with a suitable time-dependent space- and
time-periodic anisotropic forcing lacking parity invariance. The forcing
pattern moves relative to the fluid, which leads to a breaking of the Galilean
invariance as required for the AKA effect to exist. The AKA effect is found to
produce a clear large scale flow pattern when the Reynolds number, R, is small
as only a few modes are excited in linear theory. In this case the
non-vanishing components of the AKA tensor are dynamically independent of the
Reynolds number. For larger values of R, many more modes are excited and the
components of the AKA tensor are found to decrease rapidly with increasing
value of R. However, once there is a magnetic field (imposed and of sufficient
strength, or dynamo-generated and saturated) the field begins to suppress the
AKA effect, regardless of the value of R. It is argued that the AKA effect is
unlikely to be astrophysically significant unless the magnetic field is weak
and R is small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149678 </DOCNO>
Once again: Instanton method vs. WKB


  A recent analytic test of the instanton method performed by comparing the
exact spectrum of the Lam${\acute e}$ potential (derived from representations
of a finite dimensional matrix expressed in terms of $su(2)$ generators) with
the results of the tight--binding and instanton approximations as well as the
standard WKB approximation is commented upon. It is pointed out that in the
case of the Lam${\acute e}$ potential as well as others the WKB--related method
of matched asymptotic expansions yields the exact instanton result as a result
of boundary conditions imposed on wave functions which are matched in domains
of overlap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98973 </DOCNO>
Energy Transfer in Scattering by Rotating Potentials


  Quantum mechanical scattering theory is studied for time-dependent
Schroedinger operators, in particular for particles in a rotating potential.
Under various assumptions about the decay rate at infinity we show uniform
boundedness in time for the kinetic energy of scattering states, existence and
completeness of wave operators, and existence of a conserved quantity under
scattering. In a simple model we determine the energy transfered to a particle
by a collision with a rotating blade.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73335 </DOCNO>
Pion Production by Parametric Resonance Mechanism with Quantum Back


  We investigate the problem of quantum back reactions due to particle
production by the parametric resonance mechanism in an environment of
nonequilibrium chiral phase transition. We work with the linear sigma model and
employ Boyanovsky et al.'s formalism to take account of back reactions under
the Hartree-Fock approximation. We calculate the single pion momentum
distributions and two pion correlations under the initial condition of thermal
equilibrium and small amplitude sigma oscillations around a potential minimum.
We observe that the resonance peak survives under the back reaction which is
remarkable considering the strong coupling of the sigma model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99074 </DOCNO>
Embeddings into P(N)/fin and extension of automorphisms


  Given a Boolean algebra B and an embedding e:B -> P(N)/fin we consider the
possibility of extending each or some automorphism of B to the whole P(N)/fin.
Among other things, we show, assuming CH, that for a wide class of Boolean
algebras there are embeddings for which no non-trivial automorphism can be
extended.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73240 </DOCNO>
Impact of a Light Strange-Beauty Squark on B_s Mixing and Direct Search


  If one has Abelian flavor symmetry, $s_R$-$b_R$ mixing could be near maximal.
This can drive a "strange-beauty" squark ($\widetilde{sb}_{1}$) to be rather
light, but still evade the $b\to s\gamma$ constraint. Low energy constraints
imply that all other superpartners are at TeV scale, except for a possibly
light neutralino, $\widetilde \chi_1^0$. Whether light or heavy, the
$\widetilde{sb}_{1}$ can impact on the $B_s$ system: $\Delta m_{B_s}$ and
indirect CP phase, even for $B_s \to \phi\gamma$. Direct search is similar to
usual $\tilde b \to b\widetilde \chi_1^0$, but existing bounds are weakened by
$\widetilde{sb}_{1} \to s\widetilde \chi_1^0$ possibility. All these effects
could be studied soon at the Tevatron.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76785 </DOCNO>
Observable Medium Effects For Atmospheric Neutrinos


  We discuss the possibility to observe matter effects in atmospheric neutrino
oscillations. The main conclusion is that an impact on the nu_mu survival
probability requires the action of the MSW resonance, which becomes visible for
baselines above ~7000 km. The associated muon charge asymmetry carries
information on theta_{13} and the sign of Dm^2_{31}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4664 </DOCNO>
Financial Market Dynamics


  Distributions derived from non-extensive Tsallis statistics are closely
connected with dynamics described by a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation. The
combination shows promise in describing stochastic processes with power-law
distributions and superdiffusive dynamics. We investigate intra-day price
changes in the S&P500 stock index within this framework by direct analysis and
by simulation. We find that the power-law tails of the distributions, and the
index's anomalously diffusing dynamics, are very accurately described by this
approach. Our results show good agreement between market data, Fokker-Planck
dynamics, and simulation. Thus the combination of the Tsallis non-extensive
entropy and the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation unites in a very natural way
the power-law tails of the distributions and their superdiffusive dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87310 </DOCNO>
Lambda<0 Quantum Gravity in 2+1 Dimensions I: Quantum States and Stringy


  We consider the theory of pure gravity in 2+1 dimensions, with negative
cosmological constant. The theory contains simple matter in the form of point
particles; the later are classically described as lines of conical
singularities. We propose a formalism in which quantum amplitudes for process
involving black holes and point particles are obtained as the Liouville field
theory (LFT) correlation functions on Riemann surfaces X. Point particles are
described by LFT vertex operators, black holes (asymptotic regions) are in
correspondence with boundaries of X. We analyze two examples: the amplitude for
emission of a particle by the BTZ black hole, and the amplitude of black hole
creation by two point particles. We then define an inner product between
quantum states. The value of this inner product can be interpreted as the
amplitude for one set of point particles to go into another set producing black
holes. The full particle S-matrix is then given by the sum of all such
amplitudes. This S-matrix is that of a non-critical string theory, with the
world-sheet CFT being Liouville theory. Lambda<0 2+1 quantum gravity is thus a
string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73961 </DOCNO>
Propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and compact sources


  The clustering of ultrahigh energy (>10^{20} eV) cosmic rays (UHECR) suggests
that they might be emitted by compact sources. Statistical analysis (Dubovsky
et al., 2000) estimated the source density. We extend their analysis to give
also the confidence intervals (CI) for the source density using a.) no
assumptions on the relationship between clustered and unclustered events; b.)
nontrivial distributions for the source luminosities and energies; c.) the
energy dependence of the propagation. We also determine the probability that a
proton created at a distance r with energy E arrives at earth above a threshold
E_c. Using this function one can determine the observed spectrum just by one
numerical integration for any injection spectrum. The observed 14 UHECR events
above 10^{20} eV with one doublet gives for the source densities
180_{-165}^{+2730}\cdot 10^{-3} Mpc^{-3} (on the 68% confidence level).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2383 </DOCNO>
Superconducting MgB2 Thin Films with Tc of about 39K Grown by Pulsed


  Superconducting MgB2 thin films were fabricated on Al2O3(0001) substrates
under an ex-situ processing conditions. Boron thin films were deposited by
pulsed laser deposition followed by a post-annealing process. Resistance
measurements of the deposited MgB2 films show Tc of about 39K, while scanning
electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis indicate that the films
consist of well-crystallized grains with a highly c-axis-oriented structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123976 </DOCNO>
Radial Velocity of the Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy: Linking Gas and Hi Gas


  We present the first radial velocity measurement of the stellar component of
the Local Group dwarf galaxy Phoenix, using FORS1 at the VLT UT1 (ANTU)
telescope. From the spectra of 31 RGB stars, we derive an heliocentric optical
radial velocity of Phoenix Vo=-52 +/- 6 \kms. On the basis of this velocity,
and taking into account the results of a series of semi-analytical and
numerical simulations, we discuss the possible association of the HI clouds
observed in the Phoenix vicinity. We conclude that the characteristics of the
HI cloud with heliocentric velocity --23 \kms are consistent with this gas
having been associated with Phoenix in the past, and lost by the galaxy after
the last event of star formation in the galaxy, about 100 Myr ago. Two possible
scenarios are discussed: the ejection of the gas by the energy released by the
SNe produced in that last event of star formation, and a ram-pressure stripping
scenario. Both in the SNe ejection case and in the ram-pressure sweeping
scenario, the distances and relative velocities imply that the HI cloud is not
gravitationally bound to Phoenix, since this would require a Phoenix total mass
about an order of magnitude larger than its total estimated mass. Finally, we
discuss the possibility that Phoenix may be a bound Milky Way satellite. The
minimum required mass of the Milky Way for Phoenix to be bound is $M_{MW}(<450
{\rm kpc}) \ge 1.2 \times 10^{12}$ M$_{\odot}$ which comfortably fits within
most current estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41475 </DOCNO>
Search for Lepton Flavour Violation in e+e- Collisions at sqrt(s) = 189


  We search for lepton flavour violating events (e mu, e tau and mu tau) that
could be directly produced in e+e- annihilations, using the full available data
sample collected with the OPAL detector at centre-of-mass energies between 189
GeV and 209 GeV. In general, the Standard Model expectations describe the data
well for all the channels and at each sqrt(s). A single e mu event is observed
where according to our Monte Carlo simulations only 0.019 events are expected
from Standard Model processes. We obtain the first limits on the cross-sections
sigma(e+e- -> e mu, e tau and mu tau) as a function of sqrt(s) at LEP2
energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150219 </DOCNO>
Pregeometrical Formulation of Berkovits' Open RNS Superstring Field


  We propose a pregeometrical formulation of Berkovits' open
Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz (RNS) superstring field theories. We show that Berkovits'
open RNS superstring field theories arise by expanding around particular
solutions of the classical equations of motion for this theory. Our action
contains pure ghost operators only and so is formally background independent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128169 </DOCNO>
Can stellar winds account for temperature fluctuations in H II regions?


  We compare the rate of kinetic energy injected by stellar winds into the
extragalactic H II region NGC 2363 to the luminosity needed to feed the
observed temperature fluctuations. The kinetic luminosity associated to the
winds is estimated by means of two different evolutionary synthesis codes, one
of which takes into account the statistical fluctuations expected in the
Initial Mass Function. We find that, even in the most favorable conditions
considered by our model, such luminosity is much smaller than the luminosity
needed to account for the observed temperature fluctuations. The assumptions
underlying our study are emphasized as possible sources of uncertainty
affecting our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41790 </DOCNO>
n-nbar Oscillations in Models with Large Extra Dimensions


  We analyze $n - \bar n$ oscillations in generic models with large extra
dimensions in which standard-model fields propagate and fermion wavefunctions
have strong localization. We find that in these models $n - \bar n$
oscillations might occur at levels not too far below the current limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75099 </DOCNO>
Effective Field Theories for the Casimir Effect at Finite Temperature


  We discuss corrections to the Casimir effect at finite temperature and
effective field theory. Recently, it has been shown that effective field
theories can reproduce radiative corrections to the Casimir energy calculated
in full QED. We apply effective field theory methods at finite temperature and
reproduce the Casimir free energy. We show that the system undergoes
dimensional reduction at high temperature and that it can be described by
an effective three-dimensional field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3584 </DOCNO>
Polyelectrolyte chains in poor solvent. A variational description of


  We study the properties of polyelectrolyte chains under different solvent
conditions, using a variational technique. The free energy and the
conformational properties of a polyelectrolyte chain are studied minimizing the
free energy $F_N$, depending on $N(N-1)/2$ trial probabilities that
characterize the conformation of the chain. The Gaussian approximation is
considered for a ring of length $2^4<N<2^{16}$ and for an open chain of length
$2^4<N<2^9$ in poor and theta solvent conditions, including a Coulomb repulsion
between the monomers. In theta solvent conditions the blob size is measured and
found in agreement with scaling theory, including charge depletion effects,
expected for the case of an open chain. In poor solvent conditions, a globule
instability, driven by electrostatic repulsion, is observed. We notice also
inhomogeneous behavior of the monomer--monomer correlation function,
reminiscence of necklace formation in poor solvent polyelectrolyte solutions. A
global phase diagram in terms of solvent quality and inverse Bjerrum length is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1972 </DOCNO>
Evaluation of Exchange-Correlation Energy, Potential, and Stress


  We describe a method for calculating the exchange and correlation (XC)
contributions to the total energy, effective potential, and stress tensor in
the generalized gradient approximation. We avoid using the analytical
expressions for the functional derivatives of E_xc*rho, which depend on
discontinuous second-order derivatives of the electron density rho. Instead, we
first approximate E_xc by its integral in a real space grid, and then we
evaluate its partial derivatives with respect to the density at the grid
points. This ensures the exact consistency between the calculated total energy,
potential, and stress, and it avoids the need of second-order derivatives. We
show a few applications of the method, which requires only the value of the
(spin) electron density in a grid (possibly nonuniform) and returns a
conventional (local) XC potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97803 </DOCNO>
Physically inspired analysis of prime number constellations


  We adopt a physically motivated empirical approach to the characterisation of
the distributions of twin and triplet primes within the set of primes, rather
than in the set of all natural numbers. Remarkably, the occurrences of twins or
triplets in any finite sequence of primes are like fixed-probability random
events. The respective probabilities are not constant, but instead depend on
the length of the sequence in ways that we have been able to parameterise. For
twins the ``decay constant'' decreases as the reciprocal of the logarithm of
the length of the sequence, whereas for triplets the falloff is faster:
decreasing as the square of the reciprocal of the logarithm of the number of
primes. The manner of the decrease is consistent with the Hardy--Littlewood
Conjectures, developed using purely number theoretic tools of analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73391 </DOCNO>
Low-scale inflation


  We show that the scale of the inflationary potential may be the electroweak
scale or even lower, while still generating an acceptable spectrum of
primordial density perturbations. Thermal effects readily lead to the initial
conditions necessary for low scale inflation to occur, and even the moduli
problem can be evaded if there is such an inflationary period. We discuss how
low scale inflationary models may arise in supersymmetric theories or in
theories with large new space dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6006 </DOCNO>
Charge and Orbital Ordering in the Triangular-Lattice t_{2g}-Orbital


  We consider the possible charge and orbital ordering in a Hollandite compound
Bi_xV_8O_{16}, which is a new one-dimensional triangular-lattice t_{2g}-orbital
system. Using the strong-coupling perturbation theory, we derive the effective
spin-orbit Hamiltonian in the approximation neglecting the small off-diagonal
hopping parameters or orbital fluctuation, whereby we obtain the spin
Hamiltonians in the partial space of each orbital-ordering pattern. We then
apply an exact-diagonalization technique on small clusters to these spin
Hamiltonians and calculate the ground-state phase diagram. We find that a
variety of orbital-ordering patterns appear in the parameter space, which
include the state characterized by the partial singlet formation consistent
with recent NMR experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3958 </DOCNO>
Properties of cage rearrangements observed near the colloidal glass


  We use confocal microscopy to study the motions of particles in concentrated
colloidal systems. Near the glass transition, diffusive motion is inhibited, as
particles spend time trapped in transient ``cages'' formed by neighboring
particles. We measure the cage sizes and lifetimes, which respectively shrink
and grow as the glass transition approaches. Cage rearrangements are more
prevalent in regions with lower local concentrations and higher disorder.
Neighboring rearranging particles typically move in parallel directions,
although a nontrivial fraction move in anti-parallel directions, usually from
pairs of particles with initial separations corresponding to the local maxima
and minima of the pair correlation function $g(r)$, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129 </DOCNO>
Effect of couplings weakening and reversing in ferromagnetic Ising


  We consider Ising systems where all the many-spin couplings $J_A$ are
positive. We show that the absolute value of all the many-spin correlations
does not increase when the value of any of the couplings is reduced, taking any
value in the interval $[-J_A,J_A]$. Results of this type are motivated by work
in systems such as random field Ising models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123647 </DOCNO>
The optical emission lines as a probe of state transitions in black-hole


  Optical spectroscopic studies of emission lines in black-hole candidates can
help us investigate state transitions in those systems. Changes in the optical
line profiles reflect changes in the geometry of the accretion flow, usually
associated with X-ray state transitions in the inner region. We identify at
least four optical states in the black-hole candidate GRO J1655-40 in outburst,
and two optical states in GX339-4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75979 </DOCNO>
Adjoint bulk scalars and supersymmetric unification in the presence of


  There are several advantages of introducing adjoint superfields at
intermediate energies around $M=10^{13}$ GeV. Such as (i) gauge couplings still
unify (ii) neutrino masses and mixings are produced (iii) primordial lepton
asymmetry can be produced. We point out that if adjoint scalars have bulk
excitations along with gauge bosons whereas fermions and the doublet scalar
live on boundary then N=2 supersymmetric beta functions $\tilde{b_i}$ vanish.
Thus even if extra dimensions open up at an intermediate scale $\mu_0$ and all
N=2 Yang-Mills fields as well as N=2 matter fields in the adjoint
representation propagate in the bulk, still gauge couplings renormalize beyond
$\mu_0$ just like they do in 4-dimensions with adjoint scalars. Consequently
unification is achieved in the presence to extra dimensions, mass scales are
determined uniquely via Renormalization Group Equations(RGE) and unification
scale remains high enough to suppress proton decay. This scenario can be
falsified if we get signatures of extra dimensions at low energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174859 </DOCNO>
Centrality dependence of pi^[+/-], K^[+/-], p and p-bar production from


  Identified pi^[+/-] K^[+/-], p and p-bar transverse momentum spectra at
mid-rapidity in sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV Au-Au collisions were measured by the PHENIX
experiment at RHIC as a function of collision centrality. Average transverse
momenta increase with the number of participating nucleons in a similar way for
all particle species. The multiplicity densities scale faster than the number
of participating nucleons. Kaon and nucleon yields per participant increase
faster than the pion yields. In central collisions at high transverse momenta
(p_T greater than 2 GeV/c), anti-proton and proton yields are comparable to the
pion yields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76503 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Direct CP Violation by NA48


  The NA48 experiment at the CERN SPS aims to search for direct CP violation in
the $K^0$ system through the measurement of ${\rm Re}(\epsilon'/ \epsilon)$
with high accuracy. In 1999 the NA48 collaboration has published its first
measuremen based on 1997 data. A new result, based on 1998 and 1999 data, is
presented in this article. The result, combined with 1997 data, ${\rm
Re}(\epsilon'/\epsilon) = (15.3 \pm 2.6)\times 10^{-4}$, contributes to the
precise determination of the size of direct CP violation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97604 </DOCNO>
Order automorphisms of the set of bounded observables


  Let H be a complex Hilbert space and denote by Bs(H) the set of all
self-adjoint bounded linear operators on H. In this paper we describe the form
of all bijective maps (no linearity or continuity is assumed) on Bs(H) which
preserve the usual order in both directions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41434 </DOCNO>
The CLIC Study: Taking the LEP Legacy to the Multi-TeV Frontier


  The CLIC Study that aims at a linear collider able to deliver e+e- collisions
at centre-of-mass energies up to 5 TeV with luminosity of 10^35 cm^-2 s^-1 is
presented. Its physics potential is outlined with special emphasis to the
relationships to the experience gained in a decade of e+e- experimentation at
LEP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6127 </DOCNO>
Generalized bit- moments and cumulants based on discrete derivative


  We give a simple recipe based on the use of discrete derivative, to obtain
generalized bit-moments obeying nonadditive statistics of Tsallis. The
generalized bit-cumulants may be of two kinds, first which preserve the
standard relations between moments and cumulants of a distribution, and are
nonadditive with respect to independent subsystems. The second kind do not
preserve usual moment-cumulant relations. These are additive in nature and
Renyi entropy is naturally incorporated as the cumulant of order one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150025 </DOCNO>
Partition function zeros in QCD


  We find a relationship between the partition function mass zeros and the
spectral properties of the QCD Dirac operator in the context of chiral Random
Matrix Theory. Introducing the concept of normal modes we see that certain
features of the QCD partition function are universal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125605 </DOCNO>
Millisecond Oscillations and Photospheric Radius Expansion in


  We use archival data from the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer to examine
125 type I X-ray bursts from the 9 weakly magnetic accreting neutron stars
where millisecond oscillations have been detected during some bursts. We find
that oscillations from the 6 "fast" (approximately 600 Hz) sources are almost
always observed during radius expansion bursts, whereas oscillations from the 3
"slow" (about 300 Hz) sources are about equally likely to be found in bursts
both with and without photospheric radius expansion. This strongly suggests
that the distinction between these two source groups cannot be an observational
selection effect, but must instead arise from some physical mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128186 </DOCNO>
First microlens mass measurement: PLANET photometry of EROS BLG-2000-5


  We analyze PLANET photometric observations of the caustic-crossing
binary-lens microlensing event, EROS BLG-2000-5, and find that modeling the
observed light curve requires incorporation of the microlens parallax and the
binary orbital motion. The projected Einstein radius (~r_E = 3.61 +/- 0.11 AU)
is derived from the measurement of the microlens parallax, and we are also able
to infer the angular Einstein radius (theta_E = 1.38 +/- 0.12 mas) from the
finite source effect on the light curve, combined with an estimate of the
angular size of the source given by the source position in a color-magnitude
diagram. The lens mass, M = 0.612 +/- 0.057 M_sun, is found by combining these
two quantities. This is the first time that parallax effects are detected for a
caustic-crossing event and also the first time that the lens mass degeneracy
has been completely broken through photometric monitoring alone. The
combination of the projected Einstein radius and the angular Einstein radius
also allows us to conclude that the lens lies in the near side of the disk,
within 2.6 kpc of the Sun, while the radial velocity measurement indicates that
the source is a Galactic bulge giant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76083 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative SU(N) and Gauge Invariant Baryon Operator


  We propose a constraint on the noncommutative gauge theory with U(N) gauge
group which gives rise to a noncommutative version of the SU(N) gauge group.
The baryon operator is also constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86163 </DOCNO>
Consistency analysis of Kaluza-Klein geometric sigma models


  Geometric sigma models are purely geometric theories of scalar fields coupled
to gravity. Geometrically, these scalars represent the very coordinates of
space-time, and, as such, can be gauged away. A particular theory is built over
a given metric field configuration which becomes the vacuum of the theory.
Kaluza-Klein theories of the kind have been shown to be free of the classical
cosmological constant problem, and to give massless gauge fields after
dimensional reduction. In this paper, the consistency of dimensional reduction,
as well as the stability of the internal excitations, are analyzed. Choosing
the internal space in the form of a group manifold, one meets no
inconsistencies in the dimensional reduction procedure. As an example, the
SO(n) groups are analyzed, with the result that the mass matrix of the internal
excitations necessarily possesses negative modes. In the case of coset spaces,
the consistency of dimensional reduction rules out all but the stable mode,
although the full vacuum stability remains an open problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123683 </DOCNO>
Detection of a light echo from SN1998bu


  About 500d after explosion the light curve of the Type Ia SN1998bu suddenly
flattened and at the same time the spectrum changed from the typical nebular
emission to a blue continuum with broad absorption and emission features
reminiscent of the SN spectrum at early phases. We show that in analogy to
SN1991Tbu (Schmidt et al. 1994), this can be explained by the emergence of a
light echo from a foreground dust cloud. Based on a simple model we argue that
the amount of dust required can consistently explain the extinction which has
been estimated by completely independent methods. Because of the similar echo
luminosity but much higher optical depth of the dust in SN1998bu compared with
SN1991T, we expect that the echo ring size of SN1998bu grows faster than in
SN1991T. HST observations have indeed confirmed this prediction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127779 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Parameters and Quintessence From Radio Galaxies


  FRIIb radio galaxies provide a tool to determine the coordinate distance to
sources out to redshifts of two. The coordinate distance depends on the present
values of global cosmological parameters, quintessence, and the equation of
state of quintessence, and provides one of the cleanest determinations of
global cosmological parameters because it does not depend on the clustering
properties of any mass-energy components. The modified standard candle method
(using type Ia supernove) of determining the coordinate distance is compared in
detail with the modified standard yardstick method (using FRIIb radio
galaxies); the methods are found to be complementary. The most significant
difference between the methods is that the radio galaxy method is completely
independent of the local distance scale and the properties of local sources,
while the supernovae method is very closely tied to the local distance scale
and the properties of local sources. FRIIb radio galaxies provide one of the
very few reliable probes of the coordinate distance to sources with redshifts
out to two. The method indicates that the current value of the density
parameter in non-relativistic matter must be low irrespective of whether the
universe is spatially flat, and of whether a significant cosmological constant
or quintessence pervades the universe at the present epoch. FRIIb radio
galaxies indicate that the universe is currently accelerating in its expansion
if the primary components of the universe at the present epoch are
non-relativistic matter and quintessence, and the universe is spatially flat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174724 </DOCNO>
Charged-particle pseudorapidity density distributions from Au+Au


  The charged-particle pseudorapidity density dNch/deta has been measured for
Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN)=130 GeV at RHIC, using the PHOBOS apparatus. The
total number of charged particles produced for the 3% most central Au+Au
collisions for |eta|<=5.4 is found to be 4200+-470. The evolution of dNch/deta
with centrality is discussed, and compared to model calculations and to data
from proton-induced collisions. The data show an enhancement in
charged-particle production at mid-rapidity, while in the fragmentation
regions, the results are consistent with expectations from pp and pA
scattering.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3249 </DOCNO>
All Optical Formation of an Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensate


  We have created a Bose-Einstein condensate of 87Rb atoms directly in an
optical trap. We employ a quasi-electrostatic dipole force trap formed by two
crossed CO_2 laser beams. Loading directly from a sub-doppler laser-cooled
cloud of atoms results in initial phase space densities of ~1/200.
Evaporatively cooling through the BEC transition is achieved by lowering the
power in the trapping beams over ~ 2 s. The resulting condensates are F=1
spinors with 3.5 x 10^4 atoms distributed between the m_F = (-1,0,1) states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125949 </DOCNO>
MHD consistent cellular automata (CA) models I: Basic features


  A set-up is introduced which can be superimposed onto the existing solar
flare cellular automata (CA) models, and which specifies the interpretation of
the model's variables. It extends the CA models, yielding the magnetic field,
the current, and an approximation to the electric field, in a way that is
consistent with Maxwell's and the MHD equations. Applications to several solar
flare CA models during their natural state (self-organized criticality (SOC))
show, among others, that (1) the magnetic field exhibits characteristic
large-scale organization over the entire modeled volume; (2) the magnitude of
the current seems spatially dis-organized, with no obvious tendency towards
large-scale structures or even local organization; (3) bursts occur at sites
with increased current, and after a burst the current is relaxed; (4) by
estimating the energy released in individual bursts with the use of the current
as Ohmic dissipation, it turns out that the power-law distributions of the
released energy persist. The CA models, extended with the set-up, can thus be
considered as models for energy-release through current-dissipation. The
concepts of power-law loading and anisotropic events (bursts) in CA models are
generalized to 3--D vector-field models, and their effect on the magnetic field
topology is demonstrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127535 </DOCNO>
Bayesian blind component separation for Cosmic Microwave Background


  We present a technique for the blind separation of components in CMB data.
The method uses a spectral EM algorithm which recovers simultaneously component
templates, their emission law as a function of wavelength, and noise levels. We
test the method on Planck HFI simulated observations featuring 3 astrophysical
components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86808 </DOCNO>
Primordial Black Holes from inflationary models with and without Broken


  We review the formalism of primordial black holes (PBHs) production and show
that the mass variance at horizon crossing has been systematically
overestimated in previous studies. We derive the correct expression. The
difference is maximal at the earliest formation times and still very
significant for PBH masses $\sim 10^{15}$g, an accurate estimate requiring
numerical calculations. In particular, this would lead to weaker constraints on
the spectral index $n$. We then derive constraints on inflationary models from
the fact that primordial black holes must not overclose the Universe. This is
done both for the scale-free case of the power spectrum studied earlier and for
the case where a step in the mass variance is superimposed. In the former case
we find various constraints on $n$, depending on the parameters. In the latter
case these limits can be much more strengthened, so that one could find from an
observational limit on $n$ a constraint on the allowed height of the step.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125711 </DOCNO>
Star formation losses due to tidal debris in `hierarchical' galaxy


  Bottom-up hierarchical formation of dark matter haloes is not as monotonic as
implicitly assumed in the Press-Schechter formalism: matter can be ejected into
tidal tails, shells or low density `atmospheres'. The implications that the
possible truncation of star formation in these tidal `debris' may have for
observational galaxy statistics are examined here using the ArFus N-body plus
semi-analytical galaxy modelling software.
  Upper and lower bounds on stellar losses implied by a given set of N-body
simulation output data can be investigated by choice of the merging/identity
criterion of haloes between successive N-body simulation output times. A median
merging/identity criterion is defined and used to deduce an upper estimate of
possible star formation and stellar population losses. A largest successor
merging/identity criterion is defined to deduce an estimate which minimises
stellar losses.
  In the N-body simulations studied, the debris losses are short range in
length and temporary; maximum loss is around 16%.
  The induced losses for star formation and luminosity functions are strongest
(losses of 10%-30%) for low luminosity galaxies and at intermediate redshifts
(1 < z < 3). This upper bound on likely losses is smaller than present
observational uncertainties. Hence, Press-Schechter based galaxy formation
models are approximately valid despite ignoring loss of debris, provided that
dwarf galaxy statistics are not under study.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149896 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Stress Tensor of a Scalar Field in a Rectangular Waveguide


  Using the heat kernel method and the analytic continuation of the zeta
function, we calculate the canonical and improved vacuum stress tensors,
${T_{\mu \nu}(\vec{x})}$ and ${\Theta_{\mu \nu}(\vec{x})}$, associated with a
massless scalar field confined in the interior of an infinitely long
rectangular waveguide. The local depence of the renormalized energy for two
special configurations when the total energy is positive and negative are
presented using ${T_{00}(\vec{x})}$ and ${\Theta_{00}(\vec{x})}$. From the
stress tensors we obtain the local Casimir forces in all walls by introducing a
particular external configuration. It is shown that this external configuration
cannot give account of the edge divergences of the local forces. The local form
of the forces is obtained for three special configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3179 </DOCNO>
Local vortex nucleation and the surface mode spectrum of large


  A combination of analytical and numerical approaches obtains the complete
dispersion curve for surface excitations in a condensate held in a plane linear
potential. This improvement on previous approximate results yields an accurate
formula for the local Landau critical velocity for vortex nucleation at the
surface of a sufficiently large condensate, which agrees very well with recent
experiments. The dispersion curve for surface modes at a hard wall potential is
also presented, for contrast.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97930 </DOCNO>
Practical non-Abelian Stokes theorem for topologically nontrivial Wilson


  A practical implementation of the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for
topologically nontrivial loops (knots) with possible intersections is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169401 </DOCNO>
Quantum non-locality in two three-level systems


  Recently a new Bell inequality has been introduced (CGLMP,KKCZO) that is
strongly resistant to noise for maximally entangled states of two
$d$-dimensional quantum systems. We prove that a larger violation, or
equivalently a stronger resistance to noise, is found for a non-maximally
entangled state. It is shown that the resistance to noise is not a good measure
of non-locality and we introduce some other possible measures. The
non-maximally entangled state turns out to be more robust also for these
alternative measures. From these results it follows that two Von Neumann
measurements per party may be not optimal for detecting non-locality. For
$d=3,4$, we point out some connections between this inequality and
distillability. Indeed, we demonstrate that any state violating it, with the
optimal Von Neumann settings, is distillable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76025 </DOCNO>
The transition of virtual photons into pseudoscalar mesons


  The possibility to constrain the meson distribution amplitude from the
transitions of virtual photons to pseudoscalar mesons is investigated. It is
shown that for a large range in the two photon virtualities the transition form
factors are essentially independent of the distribution amplitudes. This in
turn entails parameter-free predictions of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83934 </DOCNO>
Alife Model of Evolutionary Emergence of Purposeful Adaptive Behavior


  The process of evolutionary emergence of purposeful adaptive behavior is
investigated by means of computer simulations. The model proposed implies that
there is an evolving population of simple agents, which have two natural needs:
energy and reproduction. Any need is characterized quantitatively by a
corresponding motivation. Motivations determine goal-directed behavior of
agents. The model demonstrates that purposeful behavior does emerge in the
simulated evolutionary processes. Emergence of purposefulness is accompanied by
origin of a simple hierarchy in the control system of agents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127388 </DOCNO>
Panchromatic Mining for Quasars: An NVO Keystone Science Application


  A data Tsunami is overwhelming Astronomy. This wave is affecting all aspects
of our field, revolutionizing not just the type of scientific questions being
asked, but the very nature of how the answers are uncovered. In this invited
proceeding, we will address a particular scientific application - Panchromatic
Mining for Quasars - of the forthcoming virtual observatories, which have
arisen in an effort to control the effects of the data Tsunami. This project,
in addition to serving as an important scientific driver for virtual
observatory technologies, is designed to a) characterize the multi-wavelength
nature of known active galaxies and quasars, especially in relation to their
local environment, in order to b) quantify the clustering of these known
systems in the multidimensional parameter space formed by their observables, so
that new, and potentially unknown types of systems can be optimally targeted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96103 </DOCNO>
Residues formulae for volumes and Ehrhart polynomials of convex


  In these notes, we explain residue formulae for volumes of convex polytopes,
and for Ehrahrt polynomials based on the notion of total residue. We apply this
method to the computation of the volume of the Chan-Robbins polytope. The final
computation is based on a total residue formula for the system $A_n$, similar
to Morris identity. For flow polytopes, a formula of change of variables in
total residues leads to a "nice formula" for Ehrhart polynomials in function of
mixed volumes. We apply it to Pitman-Stanley polytope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149769 </DOCNO>
The Long Range Gravitational Potential Energy Between Strings


  We calculate the gravitational potential energy between infinitely long
parallel strings with tensions \tau_1 and \tau_2. Classically, it vanishes, but
at one loop, we find that the long range gravitational potential energy per
unit length is U/L = 24G_N^2\tau_1\tau_2/(5 \pi a^2) + ..., where a is the
separation between the strings, G_N is Newton's constant, and we set \hbar = c
=1. The ellipses represent terms suppressed by more powers of G_N \tau_i.
Typically, massless bulk fields give rise at one loop to a long range potential
between p-branes in space-times of dimension p+2+1. The contribution to this
potential from bulk scalars is computed for arbitrary p (strings correspond to
p=1) and in the case of three-branes its possible relevance for cosmological
quintessence is commented on.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99119 </DOCNO>
The Heun equation and the Calogero-Moser-Sutherland system II: the


  We justify the holomorphic perturbation for the 1-particle Inozemtsev model
from the trigonometric model and show the holomorphy of the eigenvalues and the
eigenfuncions which are obtained by the series expansion. We investigate the
relationship between the L^2 space and the finite dimensional space of certain
elliptic functions, and determine the distribution of the ``algebraic''
eigenvalues on the finite dimensional space for the 1-particle Inozemtsev
model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76895 </DOCNO>
Recent results from heavy ion collisions


  Systematic trends of baryon transport, chemical freeze-out, and kinetic
freeze-out in high energy nuclear collisions are presented. Further
measurements of particles with heavy flavors are proposed in order to shed
light on collision dynamics at parton level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75852 </DOCNO>
Phase transition of color-superconductivity and cooling behavior of


  We discuss the color-superconductivity and its effect on the cooling behavior
of strange quark stars. The neutrino emissivity and specific heat of quark
matter are calculated within the BCS theory. In the superconducting phase, the
emissivity decreases and causes suppression of the cooling rate. It is shown
that the phase transition leads to a sudden discontinuous suppression of the
cooling rate in cooperation with the specific heat.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168194 </DOCNO>
Generalized stochastic Schroedinger equations for state vector collapse


  A number of authors have proposed stochastic versions of the Schr\"odinger
equation, either as effective evolution equations for open quantum systems or
as alternative theories with an intrinsic collapse mechanism. We discuss here
two directions for generalization of these equations. First, we study a general
class of norm preserving stochastic evolution equations, and show that even
after making several specializations, there is an infinity of possible
stochastic Schr\"odinger equations for which state vector collapse is provable.
Second, we explore the problem of formulating a relativistic stochastic
Schr\"odinger equation, using a manifestly covariant equation for a quantum
field system based on the interaction picture of Tomonaga and Schwinger. The
stochastic noise term in this equation can couple to any local scalar density
that commutes with the interaction energy density, and leads to collapse onto
spatially localized eigenstates. However, as found in a similar model by
Pearle, the equation predicts an infinite rate of energy nonconservation
proportional to $\delta^3(\vec 0)$, arising from the local double commutator in
the drift term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149964 </DOCNO>
Exact Correlators of Giant Gravitons from dual N=4 SYM


  A class of correlation functions of half-BPS composite operators are computed
exactly (at finite $N$) in the zero coupling limit of N=4 SYM theory. These
have a simple dependence on the four-dimensional spacetime coordinates and are
related to correlators in a one-dimensional Matrix Model with complex Matrices
obtained by dimensional reduction of N=4 SYM on a three-sphere. A key technical
tool is Frobenius-Schur duality between symmetric and Unitary groups and the
results are expressed simply in terms of U(N) group integrals or equivalently
in terms of Littlewood-Richardson coefficients. These correlation functions are
used to understand the existence/properties of giant gravitons and related
solutions in the string theory dual on $ AdS_5 \times S^5$. Some of their
properties hint at integrability in N=4 SYM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98545 </DOCNO>
Representations de dimension finie de l'algebre de Cherednik rationnelle


  On donne une condition necessaire et suffisante pour l'existence de modules
de dimension finie sur l'algebre de Cherednik rationnelle associee a un systeme
de racines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1596 </DOCNO>
Magnetic Phase Diagram of Ca2-xSrxRuO4 Governed by Structural


  We constructed, by the first-principles calculations, a magnetic phase
diagram of Sr$_{2}$RuO$_4$ in the space spanned by structural distortions. Our
phase diagram can qualitatively explain the experimental one for
Ca$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$RuO$_4$. We found that the rotation and the tilting of RuO$_6$
octahedron are responsible for the ferro- and antiferro-magnetism,
respectively, while the flattening of RuO$_6$ is the key factor to stabilize
those magnetic ground states. Our results imply that the magnetic and the
structural instabilities in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ are closely correlated cooperatively
rather than competitively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75684 </DOCNO>
Parity nonconservation in heavy atoms: The radiative correction enhanced


  Parity nonconservation due to the nuclear weak charge is considered. We
demonstrate that the radiative corrections to this effect due to the vacuum
fluctuations of the characteristic size larger than the nuclear radius $r_0$
and smaller than the electron Compton wave-length $\lambda_C$ are enhanced
because of the strong electric field of the nucleus. The parameter that allows
one to classify the corrections is the large logarithm $\ln(\lambda_C/r_0)$.
The vacuum polarization contribution is enhanced by the second power of the
logarithm. Although the self-energy and the vertex corrections do not vanish,
they contain only the first power of the logarithm. The value of the radiative
correction is 0.4% for Cs and 0.9% for Tl, Pb, and Bi. We discuss also how the
correction affects the interpretation of the experimental data on parity
nonconservation in atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40896 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Inclusive Production of Neutral Pions from Upsilon(4S)


  Using the Belle detector operating at the KEKB e+e- storage ring, we have
measured the mean multiplicity and the momentum spectrum of neutral pions from
the decays of the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We measure a mean of 4.70 +/- 0.04 +/-
0.22 neutral pions per Upsilon(4S) decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124246 </DOCNO>
Microlensing of collimated Gamma-Ray Burst afterglows


  We investigate stellar microlensing of the collimated gamma-ray burst
afterglows. A spherical afterglow appears on the sky as a superluminally
expanding thin ring (``ring-like'' image), which is maximally amplified as it
crosses the lens. We find that the image of the collimated afterglow becomes
quite uniform (``disk-like'' image) after the jet break time (after the Lorentz
factor of the jet drops below the inverse of the jet opening angle).
Consequently, the amplification peak in the light curve after the break time is
lower and broader. Therefore detailed monitoring of the amplification history
will be able to test whether the afterglows are jets or not, i.e.,
``disk-like'' or not, if the lensing occurs after the break time. We also show
that some proper motion and polarization is expected, peaking around the
maximum amplification. The simultaneous detection of the proper motion and the
polarization will strengthen that the brightening of the light curve is due to
microlensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76712 </DOCNO>
Effective Field Equations of the Quantum Gravitational Back-Reaction on


  Quantum gravitational back-reaction offers the potential of simultaneously
resolving the problem of the cosmological constant and providing a natural
model of inflation in which scalars play no special role. In this model
inflation begins because the cosmological constant is not unnaturally small. It
ends through the accumulated gravitational interaction between virtual
gravitons which are ripped apart by the inflationary expansion. Although
perturbative techniques can be used to study the effect as long as it remains
weak, they break down when back-reaction begins to exert an appreciable effect
on the expansion rate. In this talk I argue that the end of inflation is sudden
and that there is actually an overshoot into deflation. (This incidentally
provides a very efficient mechanism for reheating.) The subsequent evolution
can be understood in terms of a competition between the opening of the past
light cone and the formation of a thermal barrier to the persistence of
correlations from during the period of inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168137 </DOCNO>
Observations of a doubly driven V system probed to a fourth level in


  Observations of a doubly driven V system probed to a fourth level in an N
configuration are reported. A dressed state analysis is also presented. The
expected three-peak spectrum is explored in a cold rubidium sample in a
magneto-optic trap. Good agreement is found between the dressed state theory
and the experimental spectra once light shifts and uncoupled absorptions in the
rubidium system are taken into account.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149047 </DOCNO>
On the Schr\"odinger Equation for the Supersymmetric FRW Model


  We consider a time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation for the
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) model. We show that for this purpose it is
possible to include an additional action invariant under reparametrization of
time. The last one does not change the equations of motion for the
minisuperspace model, but changes only the constraint. The same procedure is
applied to the supersymmetric case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125674 </DOCNO>
An excursion set model of hierarchical clustering: Ellipsoidal collapse


  The excursion set approach allows one to estimate the abundance and spatial
distribution of virialized dark matter haloes efficiently and accurately. The
predictions of this approach depend on how the nonlinear processes of collapse
and virialization are modelled. We present simple analytic approximations which
allow us to compare the excursion set predictions associated with spherical and
ellipsoidal collapse. In particular, we present formulae for the universal
unconditional mass function of bound objects and the conditional mass function
which describes the mass function of the progenitors of haloes in a given mass
range today. We show that the ellipsoidal collapse based moving barrier model
provides a better description of what we measure in the numerical simulations
than the spherical collapse based constant barrier model, although the
agreement between model and simulations is better at large lookback times. Our
results for the conditional mass function can be used to compute accurate
approximations to the local-density mass function which quantifies the tendency
for massive haloes to populate denser regions than less massive haloes. This
happens because low density regions can be thought of as being collapsed haloes
viewed at large lookback times, whereas high density regions are collapsed
haloes viewed at small lookback times. Although we have only applied our
analytic formulae to two simple barrier shapes, we show that they are, in fact,
accurate for a wide variety of moving barriers. We suggest how they can be used
to study the case in which the initial dark matter distribution is not
completely cold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5145 </DOCNO>
Higher-Order Neutral Networks, Polya Polynomials, and Fermi Cluster


  The problem of controlling higher-order interactions in neural networks is
addressed with techniques commonly applied in the cluster analysis of quantum
many-particle systems. For multi-neuron synaptic weights chosen according to a
straightforward extension of the standard Hebbian learning rule, we show that
higher-order contributions to the stimulus felt by a given neuron can be
readily evaluated via Poly\`a's combinatoric group-theoretical approach or
equivalently by exploiting a precise formal analogy with fermion diagrammatics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127953 </DOCNO>
An Accretion-Induced X-ray Flare in Sgr A*


  The recent detection of a three-hour X-ray flare from Sgr A* by Chandra
provides very strong evidence for a compact emitting region near this
supermassive black hole at the Galactic center. Sgr A*'s mm/sub-mm spectrum and
polarimetric properties, and its quiescent-state X-ray flux density, are
consistent with a model in which low angular momentum gas captured at large
radii circularizes to form a hot, magnetized Keplerian flow within tens of
Schwarzschild radii of the black hole's event horizon. In Sgr A*'s quiescent
state, the X-ray emission appears to be produced by self-Comptonization (SSC)
of the mm/sub-mm synchrotron photons emitted in this region. In this paper, we
show that the prominent X-ray flare seen in Sgr A* may be due to a sudden
enhancement of accretion through the circularized flow. Depending on whether
the associated response of the anomalous viscosity is to increase or decrease
in tandem with this additional injection of mass, the X-ray photons during the
outburst may be produced either via thermal bremsstrahlung (if the viscosity
decreases), or via SSC (if the viscosity increases). However, the latter
predicts a softer X-ray spectrum than was seen by Chandra, so it appears that a
bremsstrahlung origin for the X-ray outburst is favored. A strong correlation
is expected between the mm/sub-mm and X-ray fluxes when the flare X-rays are
produced by SSC, while the correlated variability is strongest between the
sub-mm/far-IR and X-rays when bremsstrahlung emission is dominant during the
flare. In addition, we shows that future coordinated multi-wavelength
observations planned for the 2002 and 2003 cycles may be able to distinguish
between the accretion and jet scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125826 </DOCNO>
On the metal abundance in the core of M87


  We revisit the XMM-Newton observation of M87 to make a new and more detailed
measurement of the metal abundance profile. After having verified that spectral
fits with single temperature models show a dramatic abundance drop within 1
arcmin of the cluster core, we show that more appropriate models, which include
a multi-temperature component to account for the strong temperature gradient
observed in M87, and a power-law component to account for the emission of the
nucleus and knot A, give a substantially flat abundance profile. The drastic
abundance decrement found by fitting a single temperature component to the data
is an artifact known as "Fe-bias" (Buote 2000a,b) following from the
application of an oversimplified spectral model to the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86812 </DOCNO>
Stability criterion for self-similar solutions with perfect fluids in


  A stability criterion is derived for self-similar solutions with perfect
fluids which obey the equation of state $P=k\rho$ in general relativity. A wide
class of self-similar solutions turn out to be unstable against the so-called
kink mode. The criterion is directly related to the classification of sonic
points. The criterion gives a sufficient condition for instability of the
solution. For a transonic point in collapse, all primary-direction nodal-point
solutions are unstable, while all secondary-direction nodal-point solutions and
saddle-point ones are stable against the kink mode. The situation is reversed
in expansion. Applications are the following: the expanding flat Friedmann
solution for $1/3 \le k < 1$ and the collapsing one for $0< k \le 1/3$ are
unstable; the static self-similar solution is unstable; nonanalytic
self-similar collapse solutions are unstable; the Larson-Penston (attractor)
solution is stable for this mode for $0<k\alt 0.036$, while it is unstable for
$0.036\alt k $; the Evans-Coleman (critical) solution is stable for this mode
for $0<k\alt 0.89$, while it is unstable for $0.89\alt k$. The last application
suggests that the Evans-Coleman solution for $0.89\alt k $ is {\em not
critical} because it has at least two unstable modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76149 </DOCNO>
Physics of Higgs Factories


  We outline the unique role of a muon collider as a Higgs factory for Higgs
boson resonance production in the $s$-channel. Physics examples include: the
precision measurements of the Higgs mass and total width, and the resulting
ability to discriminate between the SM-like Higgs bosons of different models
such as between a light SM Higgs boson and the light Higgs boson of the MSSM;
the determination of the spin and coupling via the $h\to \tautau$ decay mode;
differentiation of two nearly degenerate heavy Higgs bosons by an energy scan;
and the ability to explore a general extended Higgs sector, possibly with
CP-violating couplings. The muon collider Higgs factory could perform
measurements that would be highly complementary to Higgs studies at the LHC and
LC; it would be likely to play a very crucial role in fully understanding the
Higgs sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5625 </DOCNO>
Sliding Dynamics of the Wigner Crystal on Liquid He


  The Wigner crystal on liquid He accompanies with periodic corrugation of the
He surface; dimples. The dynamics of the crystal is coupled with the motion and
the deformation of the dimples. Nonlinear phenomena found in AC Corbino
conductivity are attributed to the collective sliding of the electrons out of
the dimples. In order to inspect the dynamical transition to the sliding state,
we have developed a novel experimental method using a so-called "t^2 pulse",
whose leading and trailing edges change in proportion to the square of time; V
= at^2. Since the force exerting upon the crystal is proportional to the time
derivative of the input voltage, dV/dt, the t^2-pulsed method is expected to
realize a continuous sweep of the driving force, resulting in the real-time
observation of the sliding transition. The observed response shows clearly the
sliding, revealing that the external force to the crystal determines the
sliding transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123407 </DOCNO>
Summary: Modes of Star Formation


  This contribution summarizes briefly the main topics covered at this
wide-ranging conference. Much of the evidence presented indicates that star
formation occurs in discrete episodes or bursts that produce stellar groupings
of all sizes, the fossil remnants of which make up the present stellar
populations of galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98131 </DOCNO>
Continued fractions, statistics, and generalized patterns


  Recently, Babson and Steingrimsson (see \cite{BS}) introduced generalized
permutations patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a
pattern must be adjacent in the permutation.
  Following \cite{BCS}, let $e_k\pi$ (respectively; $f_k\pi$) be the number of
the occurrences of the generalized pattern $12\mn3\mn...\mn k$ (respectively;
$21\mn3\mn...\mn k$) in $\pi$. In the present note, we study the distribution
of the statistics $e_k\pi$ and $f_k\pi$ in a permutation avoiding the classical
pattern $1\mn3\mn2$.
  Also we present an applications, which relates the Narayana numbers, Catalan
numbers, and increasing subsequences, to permutations avoiding the classical
pattern $1\mn3\mn2$ according to a given statistics on $e_k\pi$, or on
$f_k\pi$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6246 </DOCNO>
Dynamic effect of phase conjugation on wave localization


  We investigate what would happen to the time dependence of a pulse reflected
by a disordered single-mode waveguide, if it is closed at one end not by an
ordinary mirror but by a phase-conjugating mirror. We find that the waveguide
acts like a virtual cavity with resonance frequency equal to the working
frequency omega_0 of the phase-conjugating mirror. The decay in time of the
average power spectrum of the reflected pulse is delayed for frequencies near
omega_0. In the presence of localization the resonance width is
tau_s^{-1}exp(-L/l), with L the length of the waveguide, l the mean free path,
and tau_s the scattering time. Inside this frequency range the decay of the
average power spectrum is delayed up to times t simeq tau_s exp(L/l).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75292 </DOCNO>
Obtaining the large angle MSW solution to the solar neutrino problem in


  The large mixing angle (LMA) MSW solution to the solar neutrino problem seems
favored by the data at the moment over the small mixing angle (SMA) MSW
solution and the vacuum (VAC) solution. In this paper the various main types of
models of neutrino masses and mixings are studied from the point of view of how
naturally they can give the LMA solution. Special attention is given to a very
simple type of "lopsided" SU(5) model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73506 </DOCNO>
Multi-Instanton Measure from Recursion Relations in N=2 Supersymmetric


  By using the recursion relations found in the framework of N=2 Super
Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(2), we reconstruct the structure of the
instanton moduli space and its volume form for all winding numbers. The
construction is reminiscent of the Deligne-Knudsen-Mumford compactification and
uses an analogue of the Wolpert restriction phenomenon which arises in the case
of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126553 </DOCNO>
An assessment of the rotation rates of the host stars of extrasolar


  The rotation periods of the host stars of extrasolar planets have been
assessed against those of the Mt. Wilson stars, open cluster stars, and
evolutionary stellar models that include rotation. They appear to be normal,
modulo certain inconsistencies in various necessary inputs. Selection of
candidate planet hosts for radial velocity surveys by low rotation or activity
has resulted in a planet host sample skewed towards older stars. Thus,
cross-comparisons must be age dependent. However, self-consistent ages are
difficult to obtain, and activity ages show signs of systematic errors. There
are indications that activity ages ought to be increased for
lower-than-solar-mass stars and decreased for higher-than-solar-mass stars. Age
uncertainties and a scarcity of measured rotation periods for planet host stars
inflate the dispersion in older stars relative to those in open clusters. The
presently available rotational models display inadequacies, most notably in
producing fast-enough early-type stars. The fact that only one planet host
star, $\tau Boo$, strongly suggests tidal spin-up, while of order ten systems
suggest orbital circularization is explicable in terms of the differing
timescales for these two phenomena. The rotational normalcy of the planet host
stars and other considerations suggest that they are not especially different
from other main sequence stars and that circumstellar matter and/or planets are
probably ubiquitous, at least among sufficiently metal-rich solar-type stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 705 </DOCNO>
Finite-temperature magnetism of transition metals: an LDA+DMFT approach


  We present an ab initio quantum theory of the finite temperature magnetism of
iron and nickel. A recently developed technique which combines dynamical
mean-field theory with realistic electronic structure methods, successfully
describes the many-body features of the one electron spectra and the observed
magnetic moments below and above the Curie temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3688 </DOCNO>
Theory of Localization in a Disordered Ring in a Non-Hermitian Field


  We present an analytical study of the Lyapunov exponent for electronic states
in a disordered tight-binding ring, with N sites of spacing c, in the presence
of a non-hermitian field component h, for weak disorder. This system has been
proposed by Hatano and Nelson (HN) as a model for the depinning of flux lines
bound to columnar defects in a superconducting cylindrical shell in a
transverse magnetic field proportional to h. We calculate the Lyapunov exponent
to second order in the disorder in the domain of complex energies in an ordered
ring in a non-hermitian field. The result exhibits an important antisymmetry
property of the Lyapunov exponent, which reflects the directionality of the
non-hermitian localization. By combining the results for the Lyapunov exponent
with a previous calculation of the complex eigenvalues for weak disorder, we
show that the localization length of the complex eigenenergy states is
generally larger than the circumference (Nc) of the ring. This supports the
initial suggestion of
 HN that these eigenstates are delocalized. Our perturbative treatment of the
disorder when applied for an open chain embedded in an infinite non-disordered
chain recovers the Thouless formula for the zero-field localization length.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6697 </DOCNO>
Theory for high spin systems with orbital degeneracy


  High-spin systems with orbital degeneracy are studied in the large spin
limit. In the absence of Hund's coupling, the classical spin model is mapped
onto disconnected orbital systems with spins up and down, respectively. The
ground state of the isotropic model is an orbital valence bond state where each
bond is an orbital singlet with parallel spins, and neighbouring bonds interact
antiferromagnetically. The possible relevance to the transition metal oxides
are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98880 </DOCNO>
A new symmetry in physics? Liouville invariance in quantum and classical


  The density-matrix and Heisenberg formulations of quantum mechanics
follow--for unitary evolution--directy from the Schr"odinger equation.
Nevertheless, the symmetries of the corresponding evolution operator, the
Liouvillian $\mathcal{L}=i[\cdot,H]$, need not be limited to those of the
Hamiltonian $H$. This is due to $\mathcal{L}$ only involving eigenenergy
_differences_, which can be degenerate even if the energies themselves are not.
Remarkably, this possibility has never been investigated in the literature. We
consider an example involving mesoscopic Josephson devices, but the analysis
only assumes familiarity with basic quantum mechanics. Subsequently, such
_$\mathcal{L}$-symmetries_ are shown to occur more widely, in particular also
in classical mechanics. The symmetry's relevance to dissipative systems and
quantum-information processing is briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 165 </DOCNO>
Superballistic spreading of wave packets


  We demonstrate for various systems that the variance of a wave packet
$M(t)\propto t^\nu$, can show a {\it superballistic} increase with $2<\nu\le3$,
for parametrically large time intervals. A model is constructed which explains
this phenomenon and its predictions are verified numerically for various
disordered and quasi-periodic systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2172 </DOCNO>
Variety of Stock Returns in Normal and Extreme Market Days: The August


  We investigate the recently introduced variety of a set of stock returns
traded in a financial market. This investigation is done by considering daily
and intraday time horizons in a 15-day time period centered at the August 31st,
1998 crash of the S&P500 index. All the stocks traded at the NYSE during that
period are considered in the present analysis. We show that the statistical
properties of the variety observed in analyses of daily returns also hold for
intraday returns. In particular the largest changes of the variety of the
return distribution turns out to be most localized at the opening or (to a less
degree) at the closing of the market.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95758 </DOCNO>
Triunduloids: Embedded constant mean curvature surfaces with three ends


  In 1841, Delaunay constructed the embedded surfaces of revolution with
constant mean curvature (CMC); these unduloids have genus zero and are now
known to be the only embedded CMC surfaces with two ends and finite genus.
Here, we construct the complete family of embedded CMC surfaces with three ends
and genus zero; they are classified using their asymptotic necksizes. We work
in a class slightly more general than embedded surfaces, namely immersed
surfaces which bound an immersed three-manifold, as introduced by Alexandrov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127439 </DOCNO>
Bubbles, feedback and the intra-cluster medium: three-dimensional


  We use a three dimensional hydrodynamical code to simulate the effect of
energy injection on cooling flows in the intracluster medium. Specifically, we
compare a simulation of a 10$^{15}$ $M_\odot$ cluster with radiative cooling
only, with a second simulation in which thermal energy is injected 31 $\kpc$
off-centre, over 64 kpc$^{3}$ at a rate of $4.9\times 10^{44} \ergs$ for 50
Myr. The heat injection forms a hot, low density bubble which quickly rises,
dragging behind it material from the cluster core. The rising bubble pushes
with it a shell of gas which expands and cools. We find the appearance of the
bubble in X-ray temperature and luminosity to be in good qualitative agreement
with recent {\it Chandra} observations of cluster cores. Toward the end of the
simulation, at 600 Myr, the displaced gas begins to fall back toward the core,
and the subsequent turbulence is very efficient at mixing the low and high
entropy gas. The result is that the cooling flow is disrupted for up to $\sim
50$ Myr after the injection of energy ceases. Thus, this mechanism provides a
very efficient method for regulating cooling flows, if the injection events
occur with a 1:1 duty cycle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126487 </DOCNO>
Colors and Spectra of Kuiper Belt Objects


  We present new measurements of the optical colors of Kuiper Belt Objects,
principally from the Keck 10-m telescope. The measurements confirm the
existence of a wide spread in the B-V, V-R and R-I color indices (Luu and
Jewitt 1996). Relative to the sun, the Kuiper Belt Objects exhibit reflected
colors from nearly neutral to very red. The optical and optical-infrared (V-J)
color indices are mutually correlated, showing the presence of a single
reddening agent from 0.45 micron to 1.2 micron. On the other hand, we find no
evidence for linear correlations between the color and absolute magnitude (a
proxy for size), instantaneous heliocentric distance, semi-major axis, or with
any other orbital property. In this regard, the Kuiper Belt Objects differ from
the main-belt asteroids in which strong radial color gradients exist. We find
no statistically significant evidence for bimodal or other non-uniform color
distributions, either in our data, or in data previously reported to show such
evidence. The impact resurfacing hypothesis is re-examined in the light of the
new color data and is rejected as the primary cause of the observed color
dispersion. We also present new near-infrared reflection spectra of 1993 SC,
1996 TS_66, 1999 DE_9 and 2000 EB_173, taken at the Keck and Subaru telescopes.
These spectra, combined with others from the published literature, provide
independent evidence for compositional diversity in the Kuiper Belt. Objects
2000 EB_173, 1993 SC, and 1996 TS_66 are spectrally bland while 1999 DE_9 shows
solid-state absorption bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99064 </DOCNO>
An example of simple Lie superalgebra with several invariant bilinear


  The associative superalgebra A with two-dimensional space of supertraces is
presented. It is shown that (i) it is simple, (ii) its commutant [A, A} is a
simple Lie superalgebra and (iii) this commutant has at least 2-dimensional
space of nondegenerate bilinear invariant forms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125545 </DOCNO>
New Photometry for the Intermediate-age LMC Globular Cluster NGC 2121


  We report new photometry for the cluster NGC 2121 in the Large Magellanic
Cloud, which shows a prominent hydrogen core exhaustion gap at the turnoff, and
a descending subgiant branch remniscent of Galactic open clusters. We achieve
an excellent fit using the Girardi isochrones, finding an age of 3.2 +/-
0.5Gyr, with [Fe/H]=-0.6 +/- 0.2. The isochrones fit the color and shape of the
turnoff and subgiant branch so precisely that we constrain the metallicity as
well as the age. The smae isochrones also fit SL 663 and NGC 2155, although our
photometry for these clusters has much larger errors. We find these clusters to
be 0.8 Gyr younger, and 0.4 dex more metal rich, than recently reported in the
literature. Consequently, we argue that NGC 2121, NGC 2155, and SL 663 are not
properly assigned to the age gap in the LMC, but instead are among the first
clusters to have formed int he relatively metal rich, younger group of LMC
clusters. We propose a new definition of the LMC Age Gap as extending from 3.2
to 13 Gyr, with ESO121-SCO3 still the only remaining candidate for membership
in the age gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75736 </DOCNO>
A Scalar Measure Of The Local Expansion Rate


  We define a scalar measure of the local expansion rate based on how
astronomers determine the Hubble constant. Our observable is the inverse
conformal d'Alembertian acting on a unit ``standard candle.'' Because this
quantity is an integral over the past lightcone of the observation point it
provides a manifestly causal and covariant technique for averaging over small
fluctuations. For an exactly homogeneous and isotropic spacetime our scalar
gives minus one half times the inverse square of the Hubble parameter. Our
proposal is that it be assigned this meaning generally and that it be employed
to decide the issue of whether or not there is a significant quantum
gravitational back-reaction on inflation. Several techniques are discussed for
promoting the scalar to a full invariant by giving a geometrical description
for the point of observation. We work out an explicit formalism for evaluating
the invariant in perturbation theory. The results for two simple models are
presented in subsequent papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4968 </DOCNO>
Ground states of a system of interacting particles in a parabolic trap


  Within the "lowest Landau level approximation", we develop a method to find
the ground state of a 2d system of interacting particles confined by a
parabolic potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114152 </DOCNO>
Matrix Fluid Dynamics


  The paper reports the recent results on application and extension of the
matrix formulation of lagrangian hydrodynamic equations. The matrix approach is
based on the notion of continuous deformation of infinitesimal material
elements and treats the Jacobi matrix of their derivatives with respect to
lagrangian variables as the fundamental quantity completely describing fluid
motion. We begin with brief review of the governing matrix equation (for the
detailed discussion see Yakubovich, E.I. & Zenkovich, D.A. 2001 Matrix approach
to Lagrangian fluid dynamics. J. Fluid Mech. vol. 443, 167-196). The new
general relationship between two- and three-dimensional solutions of the matrix
equations is then found and applied to 3-D generalization of plane 'Ptolemaic'
vortices. As a result, families of non-stationary swirling vortices and of
stretched vortices in an axisymmetric strain are constructed and studied. The
set of matrix equations is extended to include the effect of viscosity by
incorporating an evolution equation for the Cauchy invariants, which represents
a lagrangian analogue of the Helmholtz equation for a viscous fluid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73603 </DOCNO>
Diffractive beauty photoproduction as a short distance probe of QCD


  High-energy open beauty photoproduction probes the vacuum exchange at
distances $\sim 1/m_b$ and detects significant corrections to the BFKL
asymptotics coming from the subleading vacuum poles. We show that the interplay
of leading and subleading vacuum exchanges gives rise to the cross section
$\sigma^{b\bar b}(W)$ growing much faster than it is prescribed by the exchange
of the leading pomeron trajectory with intercept
$\alpha_{\Pom}(0)-1=\Delta_{\Pom}=0.4$. Our calculations within the color
dipole BFKL model are in agreement with the recent determination of
$\sigma^{b\bar b}(W)$ by the H1 collaboration. The comparative analysis of
diffractive photoproduction of beauty, charm and light quarks exhibits the
hierarchy of pre-asymptotic pomeron intercepts which follows the hierarchy of
corresponding hardness scales. We comment on the phenomenon of decoupling of
soft and subleading BFKL singularities at the scale of elastic
$\Upsilon(1S)$-photoproduction which results in precocious color dipole BFKL
asymptotics of the process $\gamma p \to \Upsilon p$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3061 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic interpretation of the uniformity of the phase space


  Uniformity of the probability measure of phase space is considered in the
framework of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. For the canonical and the
grand canonical ensembles, relations are given between the phase space
uniformities and thermodynamic potentials, their fluctuations and correlations.
For the binary system in the vicinity of the critical point the uniformity is
interpreted in terms of temperature dependent rates of phases of well defined
uniformities. Examples of a liquid-gas system and the mass spectrum of nuclear
fragments are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74916 </DOCNO>
Dynamical localization of gauge fields on a brane


  We propose a dynamical mechanism of localization of gauge fields on a brane
in which gauge bosons are excitations of the brane itself or composites made
out of matter fields localized on the brane. The mechanism is operative for
both Abelian and non-Abelian gauge fields. Several scalar and scalar-fermion
composite models of gauge fields are considered. The models exhibit exact gauge
invariance and therefore charge universality of gauge interactions is
automatically preserved. The mechanism is shown to be equivalent to a
modification of the Dvali, Gabadadze and Shifman scenario in which gauge bosons
have no bulk kinetic terms and only possess induced kinetic terms on the brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149360 </DOCNO>
Gravity in Dynamically Generated Dimensions


  A theory of gravity in $d+1$ dimensions is dynamically generated from a
theory in $d$ dimensions. As an application we show how $N$ dynamically coupled
gravity theories can reduce the effective Planck mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168436 </DOCNO>
Mermin's pentagram and Bell's theorem


  It is shown how a proof of the Bell-Kochen-Specker (BKS) theorem given by
Kernaghan and Peres can be experimentally realized using a scheme of
measurements derived from a related proof of the same theorem by Mermin. It is
also pointed out that if this BKS experiment is carried out independently by
two distant observers who repeatedly make measurements on a specially
correlated state of six qubits, it provides an inequality-free demonstration of
Bell's theorem as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86819 </DOCNO>
The Behaviour of Varying-Alpha Cosmologies


  We determine the behaviour of a time-varying fine structure 'constant'
$\alpha (t)$ during the early and late phases of universes dominated by the
kinetic energy of changing $\alpha (t)$, radiation, dust, curvature, and
lambda, respectively. We show that after leaving an initial vacuum-dominated
phase during which $\alpha$ increases, $\alpha$ remains constant in universes
like our own during the radiation era, and then increases slowly, proportional
to a logarithm of cosmic time, during the dust era. If the universe becomes
dominated by negative curvature or a positive cosmological constant then
$\alpha$ tends rapidly to a constant value. The effect of an early period of de
Sitter or power-law inflation is to drive $\alpha$ to a constant value. Various
cosmological consequences of these results are discussed with reference to
recent observational studies of the value of $\alpha$ from quasar absorption
spectra and to the existence of life in expanding universes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98369 </DOCNO>
Kalai's squeezed 3-spheres are polytopal


  In 1988, Kalai extended a construction of Billera and Lee to produce many
triangulated (d-1)-spheres. In fact, in view of upper bounds on the number of
simplicial d-polytopes by Goodman and Pollack, he derived that for every
dimension d>=5, most of these (d-1)-spheres are not polytopal. However, for
d=4, this reasoning fails. We can now show that, as already conjectured by
Kalai, all of his 3-spheres are in fact polytopal.
  Moreover, we can now give a shorter proof of Hebble & Lee's 2000 result that
the dual graphs of these 4-polytopes are Hamiltonian. Therefore, the polars of
these Kalai polytopes yield another family supporting Barnette's conjecture
that all simple 4-polytopes admit a Hamiltonian circuit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128302 </DOCNO>
The Interstellar Medium around the Supernova Remnant G320.4-1.2


  Using the Australia Telescope Compact Array, we have carried out a survey of
the HI emission in the direction of the ``barrel-shaped'' supernova remnant
(SNR) G320.4-1.2 (MSH 15-52) and its associated young pulsar B1509-58. The
angular resolution of the data is 4.0x2.7 arcmin, and the rms noise of the
order of 30 mJy/beam (~0.5 K). The HI observations indicate that the N-NW radio
limb has encountered a dense HI filament (density ~12 cm^-3) at the same LSR
velocity than that of the SNR (V_LSR ~ -68 km/s). This HI concentration would
be responsible for the flattened shape of the NW lobe of G320.4-1.2, and for
the formation of the radio/optical/X-ray nebula RCW 89. The emission associated
with the bright knots in the interior of RCW 89 can be explained as arising
from the interaction between the collimated relativistic outflow from the
pulsar and the denser part of this HI filament (density ~15 cm^-3). The S-SE
half of the SNR, on the other hand, seems to have rapidly expanded across a
lower density enviroment (density ~0.4 cm^-3). The HI data also reveal an
unusual HI feature aligned with a collimated outflow generated by the pulsar,
suggestive of association with the SNR. The anomalous kinematical velocity of
this feature (V_LSR ~ 15 km/s), however, is difficult to explain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86042 </DOCNO>
New Perspectives on the Relativistically Rotating Disk and


  The rotating disk problem is analyzed on the premise that proper
interpretation of experimental evidence leads to the conclusion that the
postulates upon which relativity theory is based, particularly the invariance
of the speed of light, are not applicable to rotating frames. Different
postulates based on the Sagnac experiment are proposed, and from these
postulates a new relativistic theory of rotating frames is developed following
steps similar to those initially followed by Einstein for rectilinear motion.
The resulting theory agrees with all experiments, resolves problems with the
traditional approach to the rotating disk, and exhibits both traditionally
relativistic and non-relativistic characteristics. Of particular note, no
Lorentz contraction exists on the rotating disk circumference, and the disk
surface, contrary to the assertions of Einstein and others, is found to be
Riemann flat. The variable speed of light found in the Sagnac experiment is
then shown to be characteristic of non-time-orthogonal reference frames, of
which the rotating frame is one. In addition, the widely accepted postulate for
the equivalence of inertial and non-inertial standard rods with zero relative
velocity, used liberally in prior rotating disk analyses, is shown to be
invalid for such frames. Further, the new theory stands alone in correctly
predicting what was heretofore considered a "spurious" non-null effect on the
order of 10^-13 found by Brillet and Hall in the most accurate Michelson-Morley
type test to date. The presentation is simple and pedagogic in order to make it
accessible to the non-specialist.
  Key words: relativistic, rotating disk, Sagnac, rotating frame,
non-time-orthogonal frame.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1953 </DOCNO>
Macromolecular theory of solvation and structure in mixtures of colloids


  The structural and thermodynamic properties of mixtures of colloidal spheres
and non-adsorbing polymer chains are studied within a novel general
two-component macromolecular liquid state approach applicable for all size
asymmetry ratios. The dilute limits, when one of the components is at infinite
dilution but the other concentrated, are presented and compared to field theory
and models which replace polymer coils with spheres. Whereas the derived
analytical results compare well, qualitatively and quantitatively, with
mean-field scaling laws where available, important differences from ``effective
sphere'' approaches are found for large polymer sizes or semi-dilute
concentrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97429 </DOCNO>
Markov Chain Intersections and the Loop-Erased Walk


  Let X and Y be independent transient Markov chains on the same state space
that have the same transition probabilities. Let L denote the ``loop-erased
path'' obtained from the path of X by erasing cycles when they are created. We
prove that if the paths of X and Y have infinitely many intersections a.s.,
then L and Y also have infinitely many intersections a.s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86457 </DOCNO>
Geometrodynamics, Inertia and the Quantum Vacuum


  Why does {\bf F} equal m{\bf a} in Newton's equation of motion? How does a
gravitational field produce a force? Why are inertial mass and gravitational
mass the same? It appears that all three of these seemingly axiomatic
foundational questions have an answer involving an identical physical process:
interaction between the electromagnetic quantum vacuum and the fundamental
charged particles (quarks and electrons) constituting matter. All three of
these effects and equalities can be traced back to the appearance of a specific
asymmetry in the otherwise uniform and isotropic electromagnetic quantum
vacuum. This asymmetry gives rise to a non-zero Poynting vector from the
perspective of an accelerating object. We call the resulting energy-momentum
flux the {\it Rindler flux}. The key insight is that the asymmetry in an
accelerating reference frame in flat spacetime is identical to that in a
stationary reference frame (one that is not falling) in curved spacetime.
Therefore the same Rindler flux that creates inertial reaction forces also
creates weight. All of this is consistent with the conceptualizaton and
formalism of general relativity. What this view adds to physics is insight into
a specific physical process creating identical inertial and gravitational
forces from which springs the weak principle of equivalence. What this view
hints at in terms of advanced propulsion technology is the possibility that by
locally modifying either the electromagnetic quantum vacuum and/or its
interaction with matter, inertial and gravitational forces could be modified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123369 </DOCNO>
HI observations of luminous infrared galaxy mergers


  A total of 19 luminous infrared galaxy mergers, with L_IR~2 10^11 L_sun for
H_0=75 km/s/Mpc, have been observed in the HI line at Nancay and four of them
were observed at Arecibo as well. Of these 19, ten had not been observed
before. Six were clearly detected, one of which for the first time. The
objective was to statistically sample the \HI gas mass in luminous infrared
mergers along a starburst merger sequence where the molecular CO gas content is
already known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125741 </DOCNO>
Problems for MOND in Clusters and the Ly-alpha Forest


  The observed dynamics of gas and stars on galactic and larger scales cannot
be accounted for by self-gravity, indicating that there are large quantities of
unseen matter, or that gravity is non-Newtonian in these regimes. Milgrom's
MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) postulates that Newton's laws are modified
at very low acceleration, and can account for the rotation curves of galaxies
and some other astrophysical observations, without dark matter. Here we apply
MOND to two independent physical systems: Ly-alpha absorbers and galaxy
clusters. While physically distinct, both are simple hydrodynamical systems
with characteristic accelerations in the MOND regime. We find that Ly-alpha
absorbers are somewhat smaller than in Newtonian gravity with dark matter, but
the result depends crucially on the (unknown) background acceleration field in
which they are embedded. In clusters MOND appears to explain the observed
(baryonic) mass-temperature relation. However, given observed gas density and
enclosed mass profiles and the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium, MOND
predicts radial temperature profiles which disagree badly with observations. We
show this explicitly for the Virgo, Abell 2199 and Coma clusters, but the
results are general, and seem very difficult to avoid. If this discrepancy is
to be resolved by positing additional (presumably baryonic) dark matter, then
this dark matter must have ~1-3 times the cluster gas mass within 1 Mpc. This
result strongly disfavors MOND as an alternative to dark matter (Abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2024 </DOCNO>
Kane Oscillator


  The energy spectrum and wave functions for Kane oscillator describing the
spectra of electrons, light hole and spin-orbit-splitting bands in a quantum
dots with harmonic lateral confinement is found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 420 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical quantization and resonance in spin tunnelling


  We derive a semiclassical quantization for a spin, study it for not too small
a spin quantum number (S>5), and compute the 2S+1 eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian
exhibiting resonant tunnelling as the magnetic field parallel to the anisotropy
axis is increased. Special attention is paid to the resonance condition. As a
corollary we prove that semiclassical quantization and quantum-mechanical
perturbation theory agree there where they should.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73661 </DOCNO>
(De)Constructing Dimensions


  We construct renormalizable, asymptotically free, four dimensional gauge
theories that dynamically generate a fifth dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72634 </DOCNO>
Predictions for e+ e- -> WW -> 4f(gamma) at a future linear collider


  We describe the salient features of precise predictions for the processes e+
e- -> WW -> 4f(gamma) as obtained with the Monte Carlo generator RacoonWW,
including the complete O(alpha) electroweak radiative corrections in the
double-pole approximation. Numerical results for some distributions are given
at the typical linear-collider energy \sqrt{s}=500 GeV. Moreover, we study the
impact of the non-universal electroweak corrections by comparing with results
of an improved Born approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 884 </DOCNO>
Ab initio evaluation of the charge-ordering in $\alpha^\prime NaV_2O_5$


  We report {\it ab initio} calculations of the charge ordering in
$\alpha^\prime NaV_2O_5$ using large configurations interaction methods on
embedded fragments. Our major result is that the $2p_y$ electrons of the
bridging oxygen of the rungs present a very strong magnetic character and
should thus be explicitly considered in any relevant effective model. The most
striking consequence of this result is that the spin and charge ordering differ
substantially, as differ the experimental results depending on whether they are
sensitive to the spin or charge density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96557 </DOCNO>
One parameter fixed point theory and gradient flows of closed 1-forms


  We use the one parameter fixed point theory of Geoghegan and Nicas to get
information about the closed orbit structure of transverse gradient flows of
closed 1-forms on a closed manifold M. We define a noncommutative zeta function
in an object related to the first Hochschild homology group of the Novikov ring
associated to the 1-form and relate it to the torsion of a natural chain
homotopy equivalence between the Novikov complex and a simplicial complex of
the universal cover of M.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148886 </DOCNO>
O(n) Spin Systems- Some General Properties: A Generalized


  Here we examine O(n) systems with arbitrary two spin interactions (of
unspecified range) within a general framework. We shall focus on
translationally invariant interactions. In the this case, we determine the
ground states of the $O(n \ge 2)$ systems. We further illustrate how one may
establish Peierls bounds for many Ising systems with long range interactions.
We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on the ground states and derive the
corresponding fluctuation integrals. The study of the thermal fluctuation
spectra will lead us to discover a very interesting odd-even $n$
(coupling-decoupling) effect. We will prove a generalized Mermin-Wagner-Coleman
theorem for all two dimensional systems (of arbitrary range) with analytic
kernels in $k$ space. We will show that many three dimensional systems have
smectic like thermodynamics. We will examine the topology of the ground state
manifolds for both translationally invariant and spin glass systems. We
conclude with a discussion of O(n) spin dynamics in the general case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123856 </DOCNO>
Bipolar hypershell models of the extended hot interstellar medium in


  We simulated the million degree interstellar medium and its soft X-ray images
in the disk and halo of spiral galaxies using the bipolar hypershell (BHS)
model. In this model hourglass-shaped expanding shells of several kpc radii are
produced by a sudden energy release in the central region. We then applied our
model to a mini-sample of starburst galaxies seen under different inclinations
suhc as the nearly edge-on galaxies NGC 253. Our results reproduce the X-ray
characteristics observed in the 0.1--2.4 keV ROSAT energy band: The bipolar
hypershell morphology, the spectral energy distribution of the diffuse disk and
halo emission as well as absorption gaps in the diffuse X-ray emission caused
by a shadowing of soft X-rays due to cold intervening gas in the disks of the
galaxies. The required total energy for the starburst is estimated to be of the
order of $10^{55}$ ergs, corresponding to the overall kinetic energy generated
in $\sim 10^4$ type-II supernova explosions. The expansion velocity of the
shells is estimated to be $\sim 200$ \kms, which is necessary to heat the gas
to $\sim 0.2$ keV (2.3 million K), and the age to be of the order of $3 \times
10^7$ years. In the case of the very nearby galaxy NGC 253 all characteristics
of the BHS model can be studied with high spatial resolution. Using the
property that the shell morphology is sensitive to the ambient density
distribution, we propose using soft X-ray data to probe the gas distributions
in the disk, halo and intergalactic space. The application of our model to
images at higher spatial and spectral resolution, as provided by Chandra and
XMM, will help us to further disentangle the ISM density distributions and will
lead to a better understanding of the disk halo interface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81085 </DOCNO>
Scaling behaviour at the $N_t=6$ chiral phase transition for 2-flavour


  We have simulated lattice QCD with 2 flavours of massless staggered quarks.
An irrelevant chiral 4-fermion interaction was added to the standard quark
action to allow us to simulate at zero quark mass. Thermodynamics was studied
on lattices of temporal extent 6. Clear evidence for a second order chiral
transition was observed and the critical exponents $\beta_{mag}$, $\delta$,
$\nu$ and $\gamma_{mag}$ were measured. These exponents did not agree with
those expected by standard universality arguments. They were, however,
consistent with tricritical behaviour. The $\pi$ and $\sigma$ screening masses
were measured and showed clear evidence for chiral symmetry restoration at this
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1380 </DOCNO>
Frustrated 3-Dimensional Quantum Spin Liquid in CuHpCl


  Inelastic neutron scattering measurements are reported for the quantum
antiferromagnetic material Cu_2(C_5H_12N_2)_2Cl_4 (CuHpCl). The magnetic
excitation spectrum forms a band extending from 0.9 meV to 1.4 meV. The
spectrum contains two modes that disperse throughout the a-c plane of the
monoclinic unit cell with less dispersion along the unique b-axis. Simple
arguments based on the measured dispersion relations and the crystal structure
show that a spin ladder model is inappropriate for describing CuHpCl. Instead,
it is proposed that hydrogen bond mediated exchange interactions between the
bi-nuclear molecular units yield a three-dimensional interacting spin system
with a recurrent triangular motif similar to the Shastry-Sutherland Model
(SSM). Model independent analysis based on the first moment sum rule shows that
at least four distinct spin pairs are strongly correlated and that two of
these, including the dimer bond of the corresponding SSM, are magnetically
frustrated. These results show that CuHpCl should be classified as a
frustration induced three dimensional quantum spin liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168360 </DOCNO>
Controversy about quantum time decay


  In the recent physics literature there have appeared contradictory statements
concerning the behaviour of scattering solutions of the 3-dimensional
Schroedinger equation at large times. We clarify the situation and point out
that the issue was rigorously resolved in the mathematics literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126015 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of blue compact galaxies, as revealed by their H$\alpha$


  The H$\alpha$ velocity fields of a sample of six luminous blue compact
galaxies (BCGs) and two companions have been obtained by observations with a
scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer. The Fabry-Perot images, velocity fields
and rotations curves have been presented in a previous paper (Paper I). In
general, the velocity fields are irregular and often contain secondary
dynamical components, but display overall rotation. The two companions have
more regular velocity fields and rotation curves. In this article we analyse
the velocity fields and dynamics together with the morphology of the studied
BCGs, and present detailed mass models. In addition, we model the stellar mass
content by means of multicolour surface photometry and spectral evolutionary
synthesis analysis. By comparison of the masses of stars and those derived from
the rotation curve, we show that about half of the galaxies cannot be supported
by rotation alone. The morphology and dynamics of the BCGs suggest that the
starburst activity in these galaxies are most likely triggered by mergers
involving gas-rich dwarf galaxies and/or massive gas clouds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96772 </DOCNO>
Finite Energy Superluminal Solutions of Maxwell Equations


  We exhibit exact finite energy superluminal solutions of Maxwell equations in
vacuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95852 </DOCNO>
From Jacobians to one-motives: exposition of a conjecture of Deligne


  Deligne has conjectured that certain mixed Hodge theoretic invariants of
complex algebraic invariants are motivic. This conjecture specializes to an
algebraic construction of the Jacobian for smooth projective curves, which was
done by A. Weil. The conjecture (and one-motives) are motivated by means of
Jacobians, generalized Jacobians of Rosenlicht, and Serre's generalized
Albanese varieties. We discuss the connections with the Hodge and the
generalized Hodge conjecture. We end with some applications to number theory by
providing partial answers to questions of Serre, Katz and Jannsen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74319 </DOCNO>
Systematic Study of the Single Instanton Approximation in QCD


  The Single-instanton approximation (SIA) is often used to evaluate
analytically instanton contribution to euclidean correlation functions in QCD,
at small distances. We discuss how this approximation can be consistently
derived from the theory of the instanton ensemble and give precise definitions
to a number of different "effective masses", generalizing the parameter $m*$,
which was introduced long ago to account for the collective contribution of the
whole ensemble.
  We test numerically the range of applicability of the SIA for different
quantities. Furthermore, we determine all the effective masses (for random and
interacting instanton liquid models) as well as from phenomenology, and discuss
to what extent those are universal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2225 </DOCNO>
Nonadiabatiic superconductivity in MgB2 and cuprates


  The Fermi energy, Ef of newly discovered high-Tc superconductor MgB2 and
cuprates is estimated from the measured London penetration depth using a
parameter-free expression. Ef of MgB2 and more than 30 lanthanum, yttrium and
mercury-based cuprates appears to be about or below 100 meV, depending on
doping. There is every evidence that the remarkable low value of Ef and the
strong coupling of carriers with high-frequency phonons is the cause of high Tc
in all newly discovered superconductors. Taking into account that the carriers
mainly reside on oxygen in cuprates, on boron in magnesium diborade, and on
carbon in doped fullerenes, these superconductors form what is essentially
$nonadiabatic$ 'metallic' oxygen, boron and carbon, respectively. The boron
isotope effect on the carrier mass in magnesium-diboride similar to the oxygen
isotope effect on the supercarrier mass observed by Guo-meng Zhao et al. in
cuprates is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125442 </DOCNO>
The fine spatial structure of methanol masers as an evidence in support


  We studied class I methanol masers in the transition 7_0-6_1 A+ at the
frequency 44 GHz with the VLA. The observations on the VLA were made with the
angular resolution 0''.1, which was the highest at the moment. It was shown
that the masers consist of chains of unresolved spots located on curved lines
or arcs. The length of such arcs is from 20 to 1000 AU and the brightness
temperature of the strongest masers exceeds 3.6x10^8 K. The observed location
of maser spots is in agreement with their position at the border line between
molecular outflows and surrounding molecular clouds. The high brightness
temperature implies that the maser condensations have enhanced abundance of
methanol due to evaporation of methanol from the surface of dust grains. The
mass of maser condensations is less than 4x10^-5 solar mass and corresponds to
planetary masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98790 </DOCNO>
Limiting modular symbols and the Lyapunov spectrum


  This paper consists of variations upon the theme of limiting modular symbols.
Topics covered are: an expression of limiting modular symbols as Birkhoff
averages on level sets of the Lyapunov exponent of the shift of the continued
fraction, a vanishing theorem depending on the spectral properties of a
generalized Gauss-Kuzmin operator, the construction of certain non-trivial
homology classes associated to non-closed geodesics on modular curves, certain
Selberg zeta functions and C^* algebras related to shift invariant sets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7425 </DOCNO>
Novel Insulator to Metal Transition and Superconductivity in Sr-doped


  We have studied the charge dynamics of Sr-doped La2CuO4 at hole concentration
p = 0.07. We observed a clear indication of the competition between two Wigner
lattice orders: One corresponds to a Tc = 15 K superconductivity and the other
to Tc = 30K. Our results naturally explain the recent observation of metallic
transport in extremely low (1%) Sr-doped La2CuO4 and establish a novel
insulator to metal transition mechanism and superconductivity in the 2D Wigner
lattice ground state. We suggest that the fluctuations of the relative phase
between the superconducting condensate and the Wigner lattice order account for
the recent observation of the transverse Josephson plasmon mode.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87156 </DOCNO>
Axial perturbations of general spherically symmetric spacetimes


  The aim of this paper is to present a governing equation for first order
axial metric perturbations of general, not necessarily static, spherically
symmetric spacetimes. Under the non-restrictive assumption of axisymmetric
perturbations, the governing equation is shown to be a two-dimensional wave
equation where the wave function serves as a twist potential for the
axisymmetry generating Killing vector. This wave equation can be written in a
form which is formally a very simple generalization of the Regge-Wheeler
equation governing the axial perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole, but
in general the equation is accompanied by a source term related to matter
perturbations. The case of a viscous fluid is studied in particular detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7197 </DOCNO>
Implementation of the Hierarchical Reference Theory for simple


  Combining renormalization group theoretical ideas with the integral equation
approach to fluid structure and thermodynamics, the Hierarchical Reference
Theory is known to be successful even in the vicinity of the critical point and
for sub-critical temperatures. We here present a software package independent
of earlier programs for the application of this theory to simple fluids
composed of particles interacting via spherically symmetrical pair potentials,
restricting ourselves to hard sphere reference systems. Using the hard-core
Yukawa potential with z=1.8/sigma for illustration, we discuss our
implementation and the results it yields, paying special attention to the core
condition and emphasizing the decoupling assumption's role.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128320 </DOCNO>
The temperature structure of dusty planetary nebulae


  We have analyzed the effects of photoelectric heating by dust grains in
photoionization models of planetary nebulae. We have shown that this process is
particularly important if planetary nebulae contain a population of small
grains. The presence of such grains would solve a number of problems that have
found no satisfactory solution so far: i) the thermal energy deficit in some
objects inferred from tailored photoionization modelling; ii) the large
negative temperature gradients inferred directly from spatially resolved
observations and indirectly from integrated spectra in some planetary nebulae;
iii) the fact that the temperatures derived from the Balmer jump are smaller
than those derived from [O III] 4363/5007; iv) the fact that the observed
intensities of [O I] 6300 are often larger than predicted by photoionization
models. In presence of moderate density inhomogeneities, such as inferred from
high resolution images of planetary nebulae, photoelectric heating would boost
the temperature of the tenuous component, which would then better confine the
clumps. The temperature structure of such dusty and filamentary nebulae would
solve the long standing problem of temperature fluctuations posed by Peimbert
(1967, ApJ, 150, 825).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114376 </DOCNO>
On New Physical Reality (on Psi--ether)


  It is shown that there exists a new physical reality -- the $\Psi$--ether.
All the achievements of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory are due to
the fact that both the theories include the influence of $\Psi$--ether on the
physical processes occurring in the Universe. Physics of the XXth century was
first of all the physics of $\Psi$--ether.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95918 </DOCNO>
Entropy, von Neumann and the von Neumann entropy


  This paper is an introduction to the von Neumann entropy in a historic
approach. Von Neumann's gedanken experiment is repeated, which led him to the
formula of thermodynamic entropy of a statistical operator. In the analysis of
his ideas we stress the role of superselection sectors and summarize von
Neumann's knowledge about quantum mechanical entropy. The final part of the
paper is devoted to important developments discovered long after von Neumann's
work. Subadditivity and the interpretation of the von Neumann entropy as
channel capacity are among those.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124943 </DOCNO>
WFPC2 Imaging of Quasar Environments: A Comparison of LBQS and HST


  We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2)
data on the large-scale environments of 16 0.39 < z < 0.51 quasars from the
Large Bright Quasar Survey (LBQS). The LBQS quasars are representative of the
radio-quiet population, and this is the first look at their large-scale
environments. We compare the LBQS environments with the environments of 27 0.15
< z < 0.55 quasars selected from the HST Archive. The majority of the Archive
quasars are from the PG and PKS surveys, and these quasars are more luminous on
average than the LBQS. By comparing the LBQS and Archive environments, we
investigate whether previous quasar environment studies have been biased due to
studying unusually radio or optically luminous quasars. We detect a significant
excess of galaxies around the Archive quasars but find no such excess around
the LBQS quasars. We calculate the amplitude of the spatial correlation
function and find that the LBQS environments are consistent with that of the
typical galaxy while the Archive environments are slightly less rich than Abell
0 clusters. We find no difference between the environments of radio-loud and
radio-quiet quasars in either sample. However, comparison with previously
published work shows that the LBQS radio-loud quasars are in sparse
environments when compared with other radio-loud quasars, and the Archive
radio-quiet quasars are in dense environments compared to other radio-quiet
quasars. The richer environments of the Archive radio-quiet quasars can not be
explained by their higher optical luminosities.We find a positive correlation
(95%) between radio luminosity and environment for the radio-loud quasars. This
may explain why the LBQS radio-loud quasars, which are less radio luminous, are
in sparser environments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2323 </DOCNO>
Application of the scattering rate sum-rule to the interplane optical


  We use a recently proposed model of the interplane conductivity of high
temperature superconductors to investigate the `scattering rate sum-rule'
introduced by Basov and co-workers. We present a new derivation of the
sum-rule. The quantal and thermal fluctuations of the order parameter which
have been argued to produce the observed pseudogap behavior are shown to
increase the total integrated `scattering rate' but may either increase or
decrease the `quasiparticle' contribution from frequencies greater than twice
the superconducting gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5757 </DOCNO>
Luttinger-liquid-like behavior in bulk crystals of the


  CDW/Normal metal/CDW junctions and nanoconstrictions in crystals of the
quasi-one-dimensional conductor NbSe$_3$ are manufactured using a
focused-ion-beam. It is found that the low-temperature conduction of these
structures changes dramatically and loses the features of the
charge-density-wave transition. Instead, a dielectric phase is developed. Up to
6-order power-law variations of the conduction as a function of both
temperature and electric field can be observed for this new phase. The
transition from quasi-one-dimensional behavior to one-dimensional behavior is
associated with destruction of the three-dimensional order of the
charge-density waves by fluctuations. It results in a recovery of the
Luttinger-liquid properties of metallic chains, like it takes place in sliding
Luttinger liquid phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113685 </DOCNO>
A simple atomistic model for the simulation of the gel phase of lipid


  In this paper we present the results of a large-scale numerical investigation
of structural properties of a model of cell membrane, simulated as a bilayer of
flexible molecules in vacuum. The study was performed by carrying out extensive
Molecular Dynamics simulations, in the (NVE) micro-canonical ensemble, of two
systems of different sizes (2x32 and 2x256 molecules), over a fairly large set
of temperatures and densities, using parallel platforms and more standard
serial computers. Depending on the dimension of the system, the dynamics was
followed for physical times that go from few hundred of picoseconds for the
largest system to 5--10 nanoseconds for the smallest one. We find that the
bilayer remains stable even in the absence of water and neglecting Coulomb
interactions in the whole range of temperatures and densities we have
investigated. The extension of the region of physical parameters that we have
explored has allowed us to study significant points in the phase diagram of the
bilayer and to expose marked structural changes as density and temperature are
varied, which are interpreted as the system passing from a crystal to a gel
phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73806 </DOCNO>
Some Recent Results from the Generic Supersymmetric Standard Model


  The generic supersymmetric standard model is a model built from a
supersymmetrized standard model field spectrum the gauge symmetries only. The
popular minimal supersymmetric standard model differs from the generic version
in having R-parity imposed by hand. We review an efficient formulation of the
model and some of the recently obtained interesting phenomenological features.
The latter includes R-parity violating contributions to scalar masses that had
been largely overlooked and the related contributions to fermion electric
dipole moments and $\mu \to e \gamma$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4508 </DOCNO>
Collective dynamics of internal states in a Bose gas


  Theory for the Rabi and internal Josephson effects in an interacting Bose gas
in the cold collision regime is presented. By using microscopic transport
equation for the density matrix the problem is mapped onto a problem of
precession of two coupled classical spins. In the absence of an external
excitation field our results agree with the theory for the density induced
frequency shifts in atomic clocks. In the presence of the external field, the
internal Josephson effect takes place in a condensed Bose gas as well as in a
non-condensed gas. The crossover from Rabi oscillations to the Josephson
oscillations as a function of interaction strength is studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6673 </DOCNO>
Electrically-Controlled Nuclear Spin Polarization and Relaxation by


  We investigate interactions between electrons and nuclear spins by using the
resistance (Rxx) peak which develops near filling factor n = 2/3 as a probe. By
temporarily tuning n to a different value, ntemp, with a gate, the Rxx peak is
shown to relax quickly on both sides of ntemp = 1. This is due to enhanced
nuclear spin relaxation by Skyrmions, and demonstrates the dominant role of
nuclear spin in the transport anomaly near n = 2/3. We also observe an
additional enhancement in the nuclear spin relaxation around n = 1/2 and 3/2,
which suggests a Fermi sea of partially-polarized composite fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149328 </DOCNO>
Ramond-Ramond Couplings of Noncommutative Branes


  We obtain the couplings of noncommutative branes of type II string theories
to constant Ramond-Ramond backgrounds, for BPS as well as non-BPS branes, in
the background-independent description. For the BPS branes, we also generalize
these couplings to other descriptions, and thereby argue their equivalence to
the known couplings in the commutative description. The first part is a review
of earlier work while the second part contains some additional observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3026 </DOCNO>
Spin tunneling via dislocations in Mn-12 acetate crystals


  We show that dislocations should be the main source of spin tunneling in
Mn-12 crystals. Long-range strains caused by dislocations produce broad
distribution of relaxation times that has been seen in many experiments. When
the external magnetic field is applied along the c-axis of the crystal, local
rotations of the magnetic anisotropy axis due to dislocations result in the
effective local transverse magnetic field that unfreezes odd tunneling
resonances. Scaling law is derived that provides universal description of spin
tunneling for all resonances.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74548 </DOCNO>
Vacuum mimicking phenomena in neutrino oscillations


  It is shown generally that any oscillation probability in matter with
approximately constant density coincides with that in vacuum to the first two
nontrivial orders in $\Delta m^2_{jk}L/E$ if $|\Delta m^2_{jk}L/E|\ll 1$ and
$|G_F N_e L|\ll 1$ are satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128724 </DOCNO>
The Trispectrum of the 4 Year COBE-DMR data


  We propose an estimator for the trispectrum of a scalar random field on a
sphere, discuss its geometrical and statistical properties, and outline its
implementation. By estimating the trispectrum of the 4 year COBE-DMR data (in
HEALPix pixelization) we find new evidence of a non-Gaussian signal associated
with a known systematic effect. We find that by removing data from the sky maps
for those periods of time perturbed by this effect, the amplitudes of the
trispectrum coefficients become completely consistent with predictions for a
Gaussian sky. These results reinforce the importance of statistical methods
based in harmonic space for quantifying non-Gaussianity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74348 </DOCNO>
Higgs production at hadron colliders in (almost) NNLO QCD


  We compute the soft and virtual NNLO QCD corrections to Higgs production
through gluon-gluon fusion at hadron colliders. We present numerical results
obtained at the LHC and at the Tevatron Run II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125392 </DOCNO>
Testing Cosmological Models with Negative Pressure


  There is now strong evidence that the main contribution to the cosmic energy
density is not due to matter, but to another component with negative pressure.
Its nature is still unknown: it could be the vacuum energy, manifesting itself
as a positive cosmological constant with $w \equiv P/\rho c^2 = -1$
($\Lambda$CDM model), a spatially inhomogeneous and dynamically evolving form
of energy with $-1 < w < 0$ (quintessence, QCDM model), or a dark energy
component with $w < -1$, such as a quantized free scalar field (VCDM model).
After presenting simple redshift--distance formulae, which are useful for
comparing observations with theoretical predictions without numerical
integration, I discuss the behaviour of different $w < 0$ models in the context
of the Alcock--Paczy\'nski geometric test and the statistics of gravitational
lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 196 </DOCNO>
Coarse-graining and Self-similarity of Price Fluctuations


  We propose a new approach for analyzing price fluctuations in their strongly
correlated regime ranging from minutes to months. This is done by employing a
self-similarity assumption for the magnitude of coarse-grained price
fluctuation or volatility. The existence of a Cramer function, the
characteristic function for self-similarity, is confirmed by analyzing real
price data from a stock market. We also discuss the close interrelation among
our approach, the scaling-of-moments method and the multifractal approach for
price fluctuations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4645 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory instabilities in d.c. biased quantum dots


  We consider a `quantum dot' in the Coulomb blockade regime, subject to an
arbitrarily large source-drain voltage V. When V is small, quantum dots with
odd electron occupation display the Kondo effect, giving rise to enhanced
conductance. Here we investigate the regime where V is increased beyond the
Kondo temperature and the Kondo resonance splits into two components. It is
shown that interference between them results in spontaneous oscillations of the
current through the dot. The theory predicts the appearance of ``Shapiro
steps'' in the current-voltage characteristics of an irradiated quantum dot;
these would constitute an experimental signature of the predicted effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75850 </DOCNO>
How the quark self-energy affects the color-superconducting gap


  We consider color superconductivity with two flavors of massless quarks which
form Cooper pairs with total spin zero. We solve the gap equation for the
color-superconducting gap parameter to subleading order in the QCD coupling
constant $g$ at zero temperature. At this order in $g$, there is also a
previously neglected contribution from the real part of the quark self-energy
to the gap equation. Including this contribution leads to a reduction of the
color-superconducting gap parameter $\f_0$ by a factor $b_0'=\exp \big[ -(\p
^2+4)/8 \big]\simeq 0.177$. On the other hand, the BCS relation $T_c\simeq
0.57\f_0$ between $\f_0$ and the transition temperature $T_c$ is shown to
remain valid after taking into account corrections from the quark self-energy.
The resulting value for $T_c$ confirms a result obtained previously with a
different method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168192 </DOCNO>
Two-photon diffraction and quantum lithography


  We report a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of quantum
lithography. Utilizing the entangled nature of a two-photon state, the
experimental results have bettered the classical diffraction limit by a factor
of two. This is a quantum mechanical two-photon phenomenon but not a violation
of the uncertainty principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 343 </DOCNO>
Polyelectrolytes in Solution and at Surfaces


  This chapter deals with charged polymers (polyelectrolytes) in solution and
at surfaces. The behavior of polyelectrolytes is markedly different from that
of neutral polymers. In bulk solutions, i.e. disregarding the surface effect,
there are two unique features to charged polymers: first, due to the presence
of long-ranged electrostatic repulsion between charged monomers, the polymer
conformations are much more extended, giving rise to a very small overlap
concentration and high solution viscosity. Second, the presence of a large
number of counter-ions increases the osmotic pressure of polyelectrolyte
solutions, making such polymers water soluble as is of great importance to many
applications. At surfaces, the same interplay between monomer-monomer repulsion
and counter-ion degrees of freedom leads to a number of special properties. In
particular, the adsorption behavior depends on both the concentration of
polymers and added salt in the bulk. We first describe the adsorption behavior
of single polyelectrolyte molecules, and discuss the necessary conditions to
obtain an adsorbed layer and characterize its width. Depending on the stiffness
of the polyelectrolyte, the layer can be flat and compressed or coiled and
extended. We then proceed and discuss the adsorption of polyelectrolytes from
semi-dilute solutions. Mean-field theory profiles of polyelectrolyte adsorption
are calculated as function of surface charge density (or surface potential),
the amount of salt in the system and the charge fraction on the chains. The
phenomenon of charge inversion is reviewed and its relevance to the formation
of multilayers is explained. The review ends with a short overview of the
behavior of grafted polyelectrolytes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86697 </DOCNO>
A Rule for the Equilibrium of Forces in the Hermitian Theory of


  When the behaviour of the singularities, which are used to represent masses,
charges or currents in exact solutions to the field equations of the Hermitian
theory of relativity, is restricted by a no-jump rule, conditions are obtained,
which determine the relative positions of masses, charges and currents. Due to
these conditions the Hermitian theory of relativity appears to provide a
unified description of gravitational, colour and electromagnetic forces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73058 </DOCNO>
Sudakov suppression in azimuthal spin asymmetries


  It is shown that transverse momentum dependent azimuthal spin asymmetries
suffer from suppression due to Sudakov factors, in the region where the
transverse momentum is much smaller than the large energy scale Q^2. The size
and Q^2 dependence of this suppression are studied numerically for two such
asymmetries, both arising due to the Collins effect. General features are
discussed of how the fall-off with Q^2 is affected by the nonperturbative
Sudakov factor and by the transverse momentum weights and angular dependences
that appear in different asymmetries. For a subset of asymmetries the
asymptotic Q^2 behavior is calculated analytically, providing an upper bound
for the decrease with energy of other asymmetries. The effect of Sudakov
factors on the transverse momentum distributions is found to be very
significant already at present-day collider energies. Therefore, it is
essential to take into account Sudakov factors in transverse momentum dependent
azimuthal spin asymmetries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5693 </DOCNO>
Coherent molecular solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates


  We analyze the coherent formation of molecular BEC from an atomic BEC, using
a parametric field theory approach. We point out the transition between a
quantum soliton regime, where atoms couple in a local way - to a classical
soliton domain, where a stable coupled-condensate soliton can form in three
dimensions. This gives the possibility of an intense, stable atom-laser output.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83918 </DOCNO>
Two-way Quantum One-counter Automata


  After the first treatments of quantum finite state automata by Moore and
Crutchfield and by Kondacs and Watrous, a number of papers study the power of
quantum finite state automata and their variants. This paper introduces a model
of two-way quantum one-counter automata (2Q1CAs), combining the model of
two-way quantum finite state automata (2QFAs) by Kondacs and Watrous and the
model of one-way quantum one-counter automata (1Q1CAs) by Kravtsev. We give the
definition of 2Q1CAs with well-formedness conditions. It is proved that 2Q1CAs
are at least as powerful as classical two-way deterministic one-counter
automata (2D1CAs), that is, every language L recognizable by 2D1CAs is
recognized by 2Q1CAs with no error. It is also shown that several
non-context-free languages including {a^n b^{n^2}} and {a^n b^{2^n}} are
recognizable by 2Q1CAs with bounded error.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5011 </DOCNO>
Low Temperature Phase Transition in Sr(0.66)Ba(0.34)Nb2O6 single Crystal


  The structural changes in Sr(0.66)Ba(0.34)Nb2O6 single crystal fibers when
the temperature decreases from 295 to 10 K is investigated by dielectric
constant measurements and Raman spectroscopy. The anomaly observed in the plot
of e is associated to the variation in the intensity and frequency of some
Raman modes. We observe that the intensity of some low energy modes has a very
singular behavior for the y(xz)y scattering geometry. In the high energy region
(> 850 cm-1), a band at ~ 880 cm-1 disappears when the temperature is cooled
down to 10K for the y(xz)y geometry and shifts to higher energy values for the
y(zz)y geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1922 </DOCNO>
The simulation of the spin ground states of the coulomb clusters in a


  By variational Monte-Carlo method developed Ceperley et al. for the
simulation of fermi systems in macroscopic confining potential well we simulate
various spin ground states of the coulomb clusters with 2,3 and 4 particles in
a broad two-dimensional (2D) parabolic well. In this method quantum state
numbers determining the variational wave function are not the numbers of well
quantum states but numbers of the equilibrium spatial positions of particles
that give a minimum of the system potential energy. The ground states with
parallel, antiparallel spins and as well, as bose state are simulated. For the
cluster with three particles it is also simulated the state when two particles
have one direction of spin and third opposite. The simulation shows that
clusters with parallel spins have lower ground state energy than clusters with
other spin configurations and bose state. That reminds a Hund's rule in atomic
physics when in not full filled atomic shells electrons prefer to have a state
with parallel spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 211 </DOCNO>
Microscopic kinetics and time-dependent structure factors


  The time evolution of structure factors in the disordering process of an
initially phase separated lattice depends crucially on the microscopic
mechanism which drives the disordering, such as Kawasaki dynamics or vacancy
mediated disordering. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations show unexpected ``dips'' in
the structure factors, which mean-field theory completely fails to capture. The
disordering via vacancies is slower by a surprisingly large constant factor
compared to Kawasaki dynamics. A phenomenological model is introduced in order
to understand the dips, and an analytical solution of Kawasaki dynamics is
derived, in excellent agreement with simulations. An outline is given on how to
extend the analytical solution to the more complicated case of a wandering
vacancy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125767 </DOCNO>
ADONIS observations of X-ray emitting late B-type stars in Lindroos


  We present adaptive optics JHKs imaging observations of three main-sequence
late B-type stars listed in the Lindroos Catalogue: HD123445, HD127971 and
HD129791. Given their spectral types, these stars should not be X-ray emitters.
However, they have been detected by ROSAT and their X-ray emission has been
attributed to possible unresolved late-type companions. We have carried out
near-IR observations with ADONIS at the ESO 3.6m but have not detected any
late-type companions close to HD127971 and HD129791. This result leads us to
conclude that either (i) they are spectroscopic binaries with unresolved
low-mass companions, or (ii) they are intrinsic X-ray emitters. While the
former case would be consistent with the reported high multiplicity of
early-type (A and B) stars, the latter would yield a revision of stellar
activity theories which do not predict X-ray emission from these stars. On the
other hand, HD123445 does indeed show visual companions, namely an apparent
subarcsecond faint (Ks=10mag) binary system at a projected separation of 5"
from the late-B type star. The JHKs magnitudes and colors of the components are
consistent with a pair of Pre Main Sequence (PMS) K-type stars at 140 pc, i.e.
possible members of the Upper Centaurus Lupus association. In this case the
reported X-ray emission can be ascribed to the new binary system. Nevertheless,
spectroscopy is required to confirm the possible PMS nature of the pair.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114451 </DOCNO>
Similarity transformations approach for a generalized Fokker-Planck


  By using similarity transformations approach, the exact propagator for a
generalized one-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation, with linear drift force and
space-time dependent diffusion coefficient, is obtained. The method is simple
and enables us to recover and generalize special cases studied through the Lie
algebraic approach and the Green function technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128175 </DOCNO>
Wide Field HR diagrams of Local Group Dwarf Galaxies


  We present new observations of Sextans and Leo I dwarf galaxies, that provide
new insight on their stellar populations. The large sample of stars measured in
Sextans allowed us to obtain a reliable estimate of the metal content of this
galaxy, to study the population spatial gradients, and to investigate the
nature of the large number of blue stragglers. In Leo I, we discovered a
significant population of RR Lyrae variables. The analysis of the pulsational
properties of the detected variables suggests that this galaxy is an Oosterhoff
intermediate object, similar to the LMC and to other dwarf galaxies in the
Local Group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6426 </DOCNO>
Anomalous coarsening and glassy dynamics


  An overview of the related topics of anomalous coarsening and glassy dynamics
is given. In anomalous coarsening, the typical domain size of an ordered phase
grows more slowly with time than the power law dependence that is usually
observed, for example, in magnetic systems. We discuss how anomlaous coarsening
may arise through domain-size dependent energy barriers in the coarsening
process. We also review the phenomenology of glassy dynamics and discuss how
simple nonequilibrium models may be used to reproduce certain aspects of the
phenomenology. In particular, models involving dynamical constraints that give
rise to anomalous coarsening are considered. Two models, the Asymmetric
Constrained Ising Chain and the ABC model, are discussed in detail with
emphasis on how the large energy barriers to coarsening arise through the local
dynamical constraints. Finally, the relevance of models exhibiting anomalous
coarsening to glassy systems is discussed in a wider context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74176 </DOCNO>
Analytic Derivation of the Quark Distribution Functions Near x=1 by


  In this paper, we made a statistical approach on the thermodynamic structure
of the nucleon and its quark distributions. We assume that the nucleon is a
thermodynamic system of quarks and gluons. After we derived the quark density
of states from the Dirac Equation, we calculated each quark's chemical
potential, associating it with the quark's spin distribution. By using the sum
rule of the longitudinal momentum, we obtain a function showing the relation
between the temperature, radius and mass of the nucleon. The nucleon's radius
is determined by the total energy minimal principle, and thus the temperature
is also known. Finally, we deduced the quark distribution functions near x=1,
and the results are in agreement with the experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128090 </DOCNO>
Determination of the Distance to M33 Based on the Tip of the Red Giant


  We have determined the distance to M33 using the tip of the red giant branch
(TRGB) and the red clump (RC), from the VI photometry of stars in ten regions
of M33 based on HST/WFPC2 images. The regions used in this study are located at
R=2.6 - 17.8 arcmin from the center of M33. The distance modulus to M33
obtained in this study, for an adopted foreground reddening of E(B-V)=0.04, is
(m-M)_{0,TRGB}=24.81+/-0.04(random)+0.15/-0.11(systematic) from the TRGB, and
(m-M)_{0,RC}=24.80+/-0.04(random)+/-0.05(systematic) from the RC, showing an
excellent agreement between the two (corresponding to a distance of
916+/-17(random) kpc and 912+/-17(random) kpc, respectively). These results are
\~0.3 mag larger than the Cepheid distances based on the same HST/WFPC2 data
and ground-based data. This difference is considered partially due to the
uncertainty in the estimates of the total reddening for Cepheids in M33.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179647 </DOCNO>
Elliptic flow in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions and in-medium


  We investigate elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions at intermediate
energies. In doing this, we implement and use a lattice-Hamiltonian model of
the nuclear interaction and we also study the effect of in-medium
nucleon-nucleon cross sections that follow consistently from the
momentum-dependence of the nuclear mean field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123515 </DOCNO>
Luminosity Function of Gamma-Ray Bursts Derived Without Benefit of


  We show that the Euclidean value of <V/Vmax> for gamma-ray bursts (GRB)
selected on a timescale of 1024 ms is correlated with spectral hardness. The
value of <V/Vmax> ranges from 0.42 for soft bursts to 0.26 for the hardest
bursts. Given that the Euclidean value of <V/Vmax> for cosmological objects in
a well defined sample is a distance indicator, the hard bursts must reside at
larger redshifts and therefore be more luminous than the soft bursts. The
resulting luminosity-hardness correlation cannot be shown explicitly due to the
small number of observed GRB redshifts at the present time. Based on the
<V/Vmax>-hardness correlation, we derive the luminosity function of GRBs
without using any redshifts, but we have to make an assumption how the comoving
GRB rate varies with redshift. We present luminosity functions for three models
of the GRB rate as a function of redshift, based on star formation rates. The
peak luminosity functions are approximately broken power laws with an
isotropic-equivalent break luminosity of around 10^51.5 erg s^-1 in the 50-300
keV range and total local rate densities of 0.5 Gpc^-3 y^-1. Predicted GRB
counts as a function of flux and redshift are presented. Based on the GRB
luminosity function, we carry out a simulation to produce the
luminosity-hardness correlation, which shows that the hardest GRBs are about 20
times more luminous than the softest ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113527 </DOCNO>
Interaction of two deformable viscous drops under external temperature


  The axisymmetric deformation and motion of interacting droplets in an imposed
temperature gradient is considered using boundary-integral techniques for slow
viscous motion. Results showing temporal drop motion, deformations and
separation are presented for equal-viscosity fluids. The focus is on cases when
the drops are of equal radii or when the smaller drop trails behind the larger
drop. For equal-size drops, our analysis shows that the motion of a leading
drop is retarded while the motion of the trailing one is enchanced compared to
the undeformable case. The distance between the centers of equal-sized
deformable drops decreases with time. When a small drop follows a large one,
two patterns of behavior may exist. For moderate or large initial separation
the drops separate. However, if the initial separation is small there is a
transient period in which the separation distance initially decreases and only
afterwards the drops separate. This behavior stems from the multiple time
scales that exist in the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127663 </DOCNO>
The He abundance in the metal-deficient blue compact dwarf galaxies Tol


  We present high-quality Keck telescope spectroscopic observations of the two
metal-deficient blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies Tol 1214-277 and Tol 65.
These data are used to derive the heavy-element and helium abundances. We find
that the oxygen abundances in Tol 1214-277 and Tol 65 are the same,
12+logO/H=7.54+/-0.01, or Zsun/24, despite the different ionization conditions
in these galaxies. The nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratio in both galaxies is
logN/O=-1.64+/-0.02 and lies in the narrow range found for the other most
metal-deficient BCDs. We use the five strongest HeI emission lines 3889, 4471,
5876, 6678 and 7065, to correct self-consistently their intensities for
collisional and fluorescent enhancement mechanisms and to derive the He
abundance. Underlying stellar absorption is found to be important for the HeI
4471 emission line in both galaxies, being larger in Tol 65. The weighted He
mass fractions in Tol 1214-277 and Tol 65 are respectively Y=0.2458+/-0.0039
and 0.2410+/-0.0050 when the three HeI emission lines, 4471, 5876 and 6678, are
used, and are, respectively, 0.2466+/-0.0043 and 0.2463+/-0.0057 when the HeI
4471 emission line is excluded. These values are in very good agreement with
recent measurements of the He mass fraction in others of the most
metal-deficient BCDs by Izotov and coworkers. We find that the combined effect
of the systematic uncertainties due to the underlying HeI stellar absorption
lines, ionization and temperature structure of the HII region and collisional
excitation of the hydrogen emission lines is likely small, not exceeding ~2%
(the error is 2sigma). Our results support the validity of the standard big
bang model of nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41174 </DOCNO>
Charmless B Decays from BABAR (B0 --> K*0 gamma and B0 -->


  The BABAR experiment has completed its first year of data-taking during which
21 $fb^{-1}$ of data were accumulated. We present preliminary results on two
types of charmless B decays based on this data sample. The first, $B^0 \to
K^{*0}\gamma$, is a so-called electromagnetic penguin. And the second, $B^0 \to
h^+h^{'-}$, where $h^{(')}$ can be either a pion or kaon, can come from either
penguin diagrams or Cabibbo suppressed tree diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123764 </DOCNO>
Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics with two Deformable Mirrors -


  In order to increase the corrected field of view of an adaptive optics (AO)
system, several deformable mirrors (DM) have to be placed in the conjugate
planes of the dominant turbulent layers (multi-conjugate adaptive optics, MCAO
[Beckers et al.]). The performance of MCAO systems depends on the quality of
the wavefront sensing of the individual layers and on the number of corrected
modes in each individual layer as in single layer AO systems. In addition, the
increase in corrected field of view depends on the number of guide stars
providing information about the turbulence over a sufficiently large area in
each turbulent layer. In this paper, we investigate these points and provide
formulae for calculating the increased field of view with a new approach using
the spatial correlation functions of the applied polynomials (e.g. Zernike). We
also present a new scheme of measuring the individual wavefront distortion of
each of the dominant layers with a Shack-Hartmann-Curvature Sensor using
gradient information as well as scintillation. An example for the performance
of a two layer MCAO system is given for the 3.5-m telescope of the Calar Alto
Observatory, Spain, using a measured Cn2-profile. The corrected field of view
in K-band (2.2 Microns) can be as large as 3 arcmin with a Strehl ratio above
60%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1123 </DOCNO>
Microwave properties of superconducting $MgB_{2}$


  Measurements of the $10GHz$ microwave surface resistance of dense $MgB_{2}$
wire and pellet are reported. Significant improvements are observed in the wire
with reduction of porosity. The data lie substantially above the theoretical
estimates for a pure BCS s-wave superconductor . However the $R_{s}(20K)$ of
the wire is an order of magnitude lower than that of polycrystal
$YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{6.95}$ and matches with single crystal
$YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{6.95}.$The results show promise for the use of $MgB_{2}$ in
microwave applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126607 </DOCNO>
Theory of Turbulent Accretion Disks


  In low-mass disks, turbulent torques are probably the most important way of
redistributing angular momentum. Here we present the theory of turbulent
accretion disks. We show the molecular viscosity is far too small to account
for the evolutionary timescale of disks, and we describe how turbulence may
result in enhanced transport of (angular) momentum. We then turn to the
magnetorotational instability, which thus far is the only mechanism that has
been shown to initiate and sustain turbulence in disks. Finally, we present
both the basis and the structure of alpha disk models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95690 </DOCNO>
The Bisognano-Wichmann Theorem for Massive Theories


  The geometric action of modular groups for wedge regions (Bisognano-Wichmann
property) is derived from the principles of local quantum physics for a large
class of Poincare covariant models in d=4. As a consequence, the CPT theorem
holds for this class. The models must have a complete interpretation in terms
of massive particles. The corresponding charges need not be localizable in
compact regions: The most general case is admitted, namely localization in
spacelike cones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98699 </DOCNO>
Determinate multidimensional measures, the extended Carleman theorem and


  We prove in a direct fashion that a multidimensional probability measure is
determinate if the higher dimensional analogue of Carleman's condition is
satisfied. In that case the polynomials, as well as certain proper subspaces of
the trigonometric functions, are dense in the associated L_p-space for all
finite p. In particular these three statements hold if the reciprocal of a
quasi-analytic weight has finite integral under the measure. This in turn leads
to a sufficient integral condition for the determinacy of multidimensional
probability measures and the above density results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72964 </DOCNO>
Vanishing of cosmological constant and fully localized gravity in a


  We construct an intersecting brane configuration in six-dimensional space
with one extra space-like and one extra time-like dimensions. With a certain
additional symmetry imposed on the extra space-time we have found that
effective four-dimensional cosmological constant vanishes automatically,
providing the static solution with gravity fully localized at the intersection
region as there are no propagating massive modes of graviton. In this way, the
same symmetry allows us to eliminate tachyonic states of graviton from the
spectrum of the effective four-dimensional theory, thus avoiding
phenomenological difficulties comming from the matter instability usually
induced in theories with extra time-like dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86674 </DOCNO>
Kaluza's theory in generalized coordinates


  Maxwell's equations can be obtained in generalized coordinates by considering
the electromagnetic field as an external agent. The work here presented shows
how to obtain the electrodynamics for a charged particle in generalized
coordinates eliminating the concept of external force. Based on Kaluza's
formalism, the one here presented extends the 5x5 metric into a 6x6 space-time
giving enough room to include magnetic monopoles in a very natural way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 642 </DOCNO>
Spin Liquid Phase in the Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet


  Correlation functions (CFs) of the classical Heisenberg antiferromagnet on
the pyrochlore lattice are studied by solving exactly the infinite-component
spin-vector model. % As in many Fully Frustrated Lattices, the constraint due
to the minimization of the energy and the particular structure based on corner
sharing tetrahedra both contribute to the creation of local degrees of freedom.
% The resulting degeneracy destroys any magnetic order at all temperature and
we obtain no sign of criticality, even at $T = 0$. % Calculated neutron
scattering cross sections have their maxima beyond the first Brillouin Zone and
reproduce experimental results obtained on Y(Sc)Mn$_2$ and CsCrNiF$_6$ as well
as theoretical predictions previously obtained by classical Monte Carlo
simulations. % Evidences for thermal and spatial decoupling of the magnetic
modes are found so that the magnetic fluctuations in this system can be
approximated by $S(q,T) \approx f(q) h(T)$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95794 </DOCNO>
The Multiplier Ideals of a Sum of Ideals


  Let X be a smooth variety and J, K two ideal sheaves on X. We prove the
following formula relating the multiplier ideals of J, K and J+K: I(X,
c(J+K))\subset \sum_{a+b=c} I(X, aJ)\cdot I(X,bK). An analogous formula holds
for the asymptotic multiplier ideals of two graded systems of ideals. As a
consequence, we show how to approximate at any given point arbitrary multiplier
ideals by multiplier ideals of zero dimensional ideals. We apply this to study
the invariance of multiplier ideals under different embeddings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1520 </DOCNO>
Thermal Resonance in Signal Transmission


  We use temperature tuning to control signal propagation in simple
one-dimensional arrays of masses connected by hard anharmonic springs and with
no local potentials. In our numerical model a sustained signal is applied at
one site of a chain immersed in a thermal environment and the signal-to-noise
ratio is measured at each oscillator. We show that raising the temperature can
lead to enhanced signal propagation along the chain, resulting in thermal
resonance effects akin to the resonance observed in arrays of bistable systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150225 </DOCNO>
Using of unitarity equations for the calculation of fermion interaction


  The unitarity equations for the boson interaction amplitudes in the
superstring theory are used to calculate the interaction amplitudes including
the Ramond states, which are 10-fermion and Ramond bosons. The n-loop, 4-point
amplitude with two massless Neveu-Schwarz bosons and two massless Ramond states
is obtained explicitly. It is shown that, in addition, the unitarity equations
require some integral relations for local functions determining the amplitude.
For the tree amplitude the validness of the above integral relations is
verified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128408 </DOCNO>
The Colour-Magnitude Relation and the Age of Galaxies in the Cluster


  We derive the Colour-Magnitude (CM) relation for the galaxy cluster AC118 at
z=0.31 and use this relation to set constraints on the formation epoch and on
the age spread of cluster galaxies in the framework of the passive evolution
scenario. This work is based on observations at ESO NTT (OAC guaranteed time).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113928 </DOCNO>
Characterising anomalous transport in accretion disks from X-ray


  Whilst direct observations of internal transport in accretion disks are not
yet possible, measurement of the energy emitted from accreting astrophysical
systems can provide useful information on the physical mechanisms at work. Here
we examine the unbroken multi-year time variation of the total X-ray flux from
three sources: Cygnus X-1, the microquasar GRS1915+105, and for comparison the
nonaccreting Crab nebula. To complement previous analyses, we demonstrate that
the application of advanced statistical methods to these observational
time-series reveals important contrasts in the nature and scaling properties of
the transport processes operating within these sources. We find the Crab signal
resembles Gaussian noise; the Cygnus X-1 signal is a leptokurtic random walk
whose self-similar properties persist on timescales up to three years; and the
GRS1915+105 signal is similar to that from Cygnus X-1, but with self-similarity
extending possibly to only a few days. This evidence of self-similarity
provides a robust quantitative characterisation of anomalous transport occuring
within the systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75616 </DOCNO>
New Physics at Polarized Hadronic Colliders


  Concerning new physics beyond the Standard Model we explore the discovery and
analysis potentials of polarized (hadronic) experiments and we compare with the
unpolarized case. For discovery, beam polarization is helpful in the case of
purely hadronic new interactions. In any case, beam polarization provides us a
unique piece of information on the chiral and flavour structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75587 </DOCNO>
Neutrinos in Stochastic Media: From Sun to Core-Collapse Supernovae


  Recent work on neutrino propagation in stochastic media and its implications
for the Sun and core-collapse supernovae are reviewed. It is shown that recent
results from Sudbury Neutrino Observatory and SuperKamiokande combined with a
best global fit value of $\delta m^2= 5\times 10^{-5}$ eV$^2$ and $\tan^2
\theta = 0.3$ rule out solar electron density fluctuations of a few percent or
more. It is argued that solar neutrino experiments may be able to rule out even
smaller fluctuations in the near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127849 </DOCNO>
The mass ratio distribution of B-type visual binaries in the Sco OB2


  The sample of 115 B-type stars in Sco OB2 association is examined for
existence of visual companions with ADONIS near-infrared adaptive optics system
and coronograph in J and K bands. Practically all components in the separation
range 0.3"-6" (45-900 A.U.) were detected, with magnitudes down to K=16. The K
and J-K photometry of primaries and differential photometry and astrometry of
96 secondaries are presented. Ten secondaries are new physical components, as
inferred from photometric and statistical criteria, while remaining are faint
background stars. After small correction for detection incompleteness and
conversion of fluxes into masses, an unbiased distribution of the components
mass ratio q is derived. The power law f(q)\propto q^{-0.5} fits well the
observations, whereas a q^{-1.8} distribution which corresponds to random
pairing of stars is rejected. The companion star fraction is 0.20 +- 0.04 per
decade of separation, comparable to the highest measured binary fraction among
low-mass PMS stars and ~1.6 times higher than the binary fraction of low-mass
dwarfs in solar neighborhood and open clusters in the same separation range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169374 </DOCNO>
Management of the Angular Momentum of Light: Preparation of Photons in


  We put forward schemes to prepare photons in multi-dimensional vector states
of orbital angular momentum. We show realizable light distributions that yield
prescribed states with finite or infinite normal modes. In particular, we show
that suitable light vortex-pancakes allow the add-drop of specific vector
projections. We suggest that such photons might allow the generation of it
engineered quNits in multi-dimensional quantum information systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114096 </DOCNO>
Complex space-time and the classification of elementary particles


  It is shown that the Dirac theory implies complex space-time and complex
space-time can lead to the Dirac equation. It is suggested that fermions are
grouped into doublets, those doublets are then divided into color singlets
(leptons) and color triplets (quarks), then they are further divided into
generation singlets and generation triplets. If the exclusion principle for
fermions works in the internal space, then the non-observation of free quarks
can be explained. However, it is suggested that a possible new free quark may
exist with a color triplet and generation singlet state which is antisymmetric
in the internal space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168613 </DOCNO>
Schroedinger-picture correlation functions for nonlinear evolutions


  The well known interpretational difficulties with nonlinear Schr\"odinger and
von Neumann equations can be reduced to the problem of computing multiple-time
correlation functions in the absence of Heisenberg picture. Having no
Heisenberg picture one often resorts to Zeno-type reasoning which explicitly
involves the projection postulate as a means of computing conditional and joint
probabilities. Although the method works well in linear quantum mechanics, it
completely fails for nonlinear evolutions. We propose an alternative way of
performing the same task in linear quantum mechanics and show that the method
smoothly extends to the nonlinear domain. The trick is to use appropriate
time-dependent Hamiltonians which involve "switching-off functions". We apply
the technique to the EPR problem in nonlinear quantum mechanics and show that
paradoxes of Gisin and Polchinski disappear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149396 </DOCNO>
No New Quantum Thermal Effect of Dirac Particles in a Charged Vaidya -


  It is shown that Hawking radiation of Dirac particles does not exist for
$P_1, Q_2$ components but for $P_2, Q_1$ components in a charged Vaidya - de
Sitter black hole. Both the location and the temperature of the event horizon
change with time. The thermal radiation spectrum of Dirac particles is the same
as that of Klein-Gordon particles. Our result demonstrates that there is no new
quantum effect in the thermal radiation of Dirac particles in any spherically
symmetry black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76696 </DOCNO>
Muon anomalous magnetic moment constrains models with excited leptons


  We explore the possibility of the existence of excited leptons in the light
of recent data on muon $g - 2$ from BNL. We have been able to put stringent
bounds on the relevant parameter space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149331 </DOCNO>
The asymptotic symmetry of de Sitter spacetime


  We show how to construct a set of Euclidean conformal correlation functions
on the boundary of a de Sitter space from an interacting bulk quantum field
theory with a certain asymptotic behaviour. We discuss the status of the
boundary theory w.r.t. the reflection positivity and conclude that no obvious
physical holographic interpretation is available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86692 </DOCNO>
Distributional Sources for Newman's Holomorphic Field


  In 1973, E. T. Newman considered the holomorphic extension \tilde E(x+iy) of
the Coulomb field E(x) in R^3. By analyzing its multipole expansion, he showed
that the real and imaginary parts of \tilde E(x+iy), viewed as functions of x
for fixed y, are the electric and magnetic fields generated by a spinning ring
of charge R. This represents the electromagnetic part of the Kerr-Newman
solution to the Einstein-Maxwell equations. As already pointed out by Newman
and Janis in 1965, this interpretation is somewhat problematic since the fields
are double-valued. To make them single-valued, a branch cut must be introduced
so that R is replaced by a charged disk D having R as its boundary. In the
context of curved spacetime, D becomes a spinning disk of charge and mass
representing the singularity of the Kerr-Newman solution. Here we confirm the
above interpretation of the real and imaginary parts of \tilde E(x+iy) by
computing the charge- and current densities directly as distributions in R^3
supported in the source disk D. This shows in particular that D spins rigidly
at the critical rate, so that its rim R moves at the speed of light.
  It is a pleasure to thank Ted Newman, Andrzej Trautman and Iwo
Bialinicki-Birula for many instructive discussions, particularly in Warsaw and
during a visit to Pittsburgh.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81254 </DOCNO>
Dirac operator and Ising model on a compact 2D random lattice


  Lattice formulation of a fermionic field theory defined on a randomly
triangulated compact manifold is discussed, with emphasis on the topological
problem of defining spin structures on the manifold. An explicit construction
is presented for the two-dimensional case and its relation with the Ising model
is discussed. Furthermore, an exact realization of the Kramers-Wannier duality
for the two-dimensional Ising model on the manifold is considered. The global
properties of the field are discussed. The importance of the GSO projection is
stressed. This projection has to be performed for the duality to hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168909 </DOCNO>
Entanglement purification with noisy apparatus can be used to factor out


  We give a proof that entanglement purification, even with noisy apparatus, is
sufficient to disentangle an eavesdropper (Eve) from the communication channel.
Our proof applies to all possible attacks (individual and coherent). Due to the
quantum nature of the entanglement purification protocol, it is also possible
to use the obtained quantum channel for secure transmission of quantum
information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129624 </DOCNO>
From GOLF and SNO to G: The Sun as a Probe of Newton's Constant


  A standard model of the Sun calculated using the value for Newton's
gravitational constant's G, 6.67259 1E-8 cm^2/g/s^2, that was reported in 1986
(CODATA) predicts that the square of the sound-speed has a relative difference
of less than 0.5% from the inverted helioseismic sound speed. However a
significant discrepancy persists that is as large as 3% between the predicted
sound-speed of the standard solar model and the solar models that are computed
with the latest measured values of G, 6.674215 1E-8 cm^2/g^/s^2 and 6.67559
1E-8 cm^2/g/s^2. We conclude that the seismic data seems to prefer a lower
value of G. Furthermore, we show that the solar neutrino flux from ^8B decay
that has been recently detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory could
eventually provide the key to the problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168188 </DOCNO>
Nonclassical Interference Effects In The Radiation From Coherently


  We demonstrate the existence of new nonclassical correlations in the
radiation of two atoms, which are coherently driven by a continuous laser
source. The photon-photon-correlations of the fluorescence light show a spatial
interferene pattern not present in a classical treatment. A feature of the new
phenomenon is, that bunched and antibunched light is emitted in different
spatial directions. The calculations are performed analytically. It is pointed
out, that the correlations are induced by state reduction due to the
measurement process when the detection of the photons does not distinguish
between the atoms. It is interesting to note, that the phenomena show up even
without any interatomic interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2199 </DOCNO>
Does the 2D Hubbard Model Really Show d-Wave Superconductivity?


  Some issues concerning the question if the two-dimensional Hubbard model
really show d-wave superconductivity are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174738 </DOCNO>
High sensitivity GEM experiment on double beta decay of 76-Ge


  The GEM project is designed for the next generation 2 beta decay experiments
with 76-Ge. One ton of ''naked'' HP Ge detectors (natural at the first GEM-I
phase and enriched in 76-Ge to 86% at the second GEM-II stage) are operating in
super-high purity liquid nitrogen contained in the Cu vacuum cryostat (sphere
with diameter 5 m). The latest is placed in the water shield. Monte Carlo
simulation evidently shows that sensitivity of the experiment (in terms of the
T1/2 limit for neutrinoless 2 beta decay) is 10^27 yr with natural HP Ge
crystals and 10^28 yr with enriched ones. These bounds corresponds to the
restrictions on the neutrino mass less than 0.05 eV and 0.015 eV with natural
and enriched detectors, respectively. Besides, the GEM-I set up could advance
the current best limits on the existence of neutralinos - as dark matter
candidates - by three order of magnitudes, and at the same time would be able
to identify unambiguously the dark matter signal by detection of its seasonal
modulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96501 </DOCNO>
Conditional Expectation as Quantile Derivative


  For a linear combination of random variables, fix some confidence level and
consider the quantile of the combination at this level. We are interested in
the partial derivatives of the quantile with respect to the weights of the
random variables in the combination. It turns out that under suitable
conditions on the joint distribution of the random variables the derivatives
exist and coincide with the conditional expectations of the variables given
that their combination just equals the quantile. Moreover, using this result,
we deduce formulas for the derivatives with respect to the weights of the
variables for the so-called expected shortfall (first or higher moments) of the
combination. Finally, we study in some more detail the coherence properties of
the expected shortfall in case it is defined as a first conditional moment. Key
words: quantile; value-at-risk; quantile derivative; conditional expectation;
expected shortfall; conditional value-at-risk; coherent risk measure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97407 </DOCNO>
Algebraic geometric construction of a quantum stabilizer code


  The stabilizer code is the most general algebraic construction of quantum
error-correcting codes proposed so far. A stabilizer code can be constructed
from a self-orthogonal subspace of a symplectic space over a finite field. We
propose a construction method of such a self-orthogonal space using an
algebraic curve. By using the proposed method we construct an asymptotically
good sequence of binary stabilizer codes. As a byproduct we improve the
Ashikhmin-Litsyn-Tsfasman bound of quantum codes. The main results in this
paper can be understood without knowledge of quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98894 </DOCNO>
Divisorial contractions to some Gorenstein singularities


  Divisorial contractions to singularities, defined by equations $xy+z^n+u^n=0$
$n\ge3$ and $xy+z^3+u^4=0$ are classified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149689 </DOCNO>
New $AdS_3$ Branes and Boundary States


  We examine D-branes on $AdS_3$, and find a three-brane wrapping the entire
$AdS_3$, in addition to 1-branes and instantonic 2-branes previously discussed
in the literature. The three-brane is found using a construction of Maldacena,
Moore, and Seiberg. We show that all these branes satisfy Cardy's condition and
extract the open string spectrum on them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2350 </DOCNO>
Vortex lattice formation in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate


  We study the dynamics of vortex lattice formation of a rotating trapped
Bose-Einstein condensate by numerically solving the two-dimensional
Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and find that the condensate undergoes elliptic
deformation, followed by unstable surface-mode excitations before forming a
quantized vortex lattice. The origin of the peculiar surface-mode excitations
is identified to be phase fluctuations at the low-density surface regime. The
obtained dependence of a distortion parameter on time and that on the driving
frequency agree with the recent experiments by Madison {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev.
Lett. {\bf 86}, 4443 (2001)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149996 </DOCNO>
On Correspondence of BRST-BFV, Dirac and Refined Algebraic Quantizations


  Correspondence between BRST-BFV, Dirac and refined algebraic (group
averaging, projection operator) approaches to quantize constrained systems is
analyzed. For the closed-algebra case, it is shown that the component of the
BFV wave function with maximal (minimal) number of ghosts and antighosts in the
Schrodinger representation may be viewed as a wave function in the refined
algebraic (Dirac) quantization approach. The Giulini-Marolf group averaging
formula for the inner product in the refined algebraic quantization approach is
obtained from the Batalin-Marnelius prescription for the BRST-BFV inner product
which should be generally modified due to topological problems. The considered
prescription for the correspondence of states is observed to be applicable to
the open-algebra case. Refined algebraic quantization approach is generalized
then to the case of nontrivial structure functions. A simple example is
discussed. Correspondence of observables in different quantization methods is
also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4057 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Discovery of microscopic electronic inhomogeneity in the


  The paper by Pan et al, cond-mat/0107347, reports the discovery of
'electronic inhomogeneity' and 'spatial variations in the local density of
states' in high $T_c$ cuprates. In my paper ``Effect of local potential
variations in the model of hole superconductivity'', Physica C {\bf 194}, 119
(1992), many of the findings of Pan et al were foreshadowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149823 </DOCNO>
Two-loop N=4 Super Yang Mills effective action and interaction between


  We compute the leading low-energy term in the planar part of the 2-loop
contribution to the effective action of $\N=4$ SYM theory in 4 dimensions,
assuming that the gauge group $SU(N+1)$ is broken to $SU(N) x U(1)$ by a
constant scalar background $X$. While the leading 1-loop correction is the
familiar $c_1 F^4/|X|^4$ term, the 2-loop expression starts with $c_2
F^6/|X|^8$. The 1-loop constant $c_1$ is known to be equal to the coefficient
of the $F^4$ term in the Born-Infeld action for a probe D3-brane separated by
distance $|X|$ from a large number $N$ of coincident D3-branes. We show that
the same is true also for the 2-loop constant $c_2$: it matches the coefficient
of the $F^6$ term in the D3-brane probe action. In the context of the AdS/CFT
correspondence, this agreement suggests a non-renormalization of the
coefficient of the $F^6$ term beyond two loops. Thus the result of
hep-th/9706072 about the agreement between the $v^6$ term in the D0-brane
supergravity interaction potential and the corresponding 2-loop term in the 1+0
dimensional reduction of $\N=4$ SYM theory has indeed a direct generalization
to 1+3 dimensions, as conjectured earlier in hep-th/9709087. We also discuss
the issue of gauge theory -- supergravity correspondence for higher order
($F^8$, etc.) terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85753 </DOCNO>
Cylindrically Symmetric Solitons with Nonlinear Self-Gravitating Scalar


  Static, cylindrically symmetric solutions to nonlinear scalar-Einstein
equations are considered. Regularity conditions on the symmetry axis and flat
or string asymptotic conditions are formulated in order to select soliton-like
solutions. Some non-existence theorems are proved, in particular, theorems
asserting (i) the absence of black-hole and wormhole-like cylindrically
symmetric solutions for any static scalar fields minimally coupled to gravity
and (ii) the absence of solutions with a regular axis for scalar fields with
the Lagrangian $L=F(I)$, $I=\phi^\alpha \phi_\alpha$, for any function $F(I)$
possessing a correct weak field limit. Exact solutions for scalar fields with
an arbitrary potential function $V(\phi)$ are obtained by quadratures and are
expressed in a parametric form in a few ways, where the parameter may be either
the coordinate $x$, or the $\phi$ field, or one of the metric coefficients.
Soliton-like solutions are shown to exist only with $V(\phi)$ having a variable
sign. Some explicit examples of solutions (including a soliton-like one) and
their flat-space limit are discussed.}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128657 </DOCNO>
Abundances of 30 elements in 23 metal-poor stars


  We report the abundances of 30 elements in 23 metal-poor ([Fe/H] <-1.7)
giants. These are based on 7774 equivalent widths and spectral synthesis of 229
additional lines. Hyperfine splitting is taken into account when appropriate.
Our choice of model atmospheres has the most influence on the accuracy of our
abundances. We consider the effect of different model atmospheres on our
results. In addition to the random errors in Teff, log g, and microturbulent
velocity, there are several sources of systematic error. These include using
Teff determined from FeI lines rather than colors, ignoring NLTE effects on the
FeI/FeII ionization balance, using models with solar [alpha/Fe] ratios and
using Kurucz models with overshooting. Of these, only the use of models with
solar [alpha/Fe] ratios had a negligible effect. However, while the absolute
abundances can change by > 0.10 dex, the relative abundances, especially
between closely allied atoms such as the rare earth group, often show only
small (<0.03 dex) changes. We found that some strong lines of FeI, MnI and CrI
consistently gave lower abundances by ~0.2 dex, a number larger than the quoted
errors in the gf values. After considering a model with depth-dependent
microturbulent velocity and a model with hotter temperatures in the upper
layers, we conclude that the latter did a better job of resolving the problem
and agreeing with observational evidence for the structure of stars. The error
analysis includes the effects of correlation of Teff, log g, and microturbulent
velocity errors, which is crucial for certain element ratios, such as [Mg/Fe].
The abundances presented here are being analyzed and discussed in a separate
series of papers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125907 </DOCNO>
Multi-wavelength observations of serendipitous Chandra X-ray sources in


  We present optical spectra and near-infrared imaging of a sample of
serendipitous X-ray sources detected in the field of Chandra observations of
the A2390 cluster of galaxies. The sources have 0.5-7 keV fluxes of 0.6-8 x
10^{-14} erg cm^{-2} s^{-1} and lie around the break in the 2-10 keV source
counts. They therefore are typical of sources dominating the X-ray Background
in that band. Twelve of the fifteen targets for which we have optical spectra
show emission lines, most of which have soft X-ray spectra. Including
photometric redshifts and published spectra we have redshifts for seventeen of
the sources, ranging from z~0.2 up to z~3 with a peak between z=1-2. Ten of our
sources have hard X-ray spectra indicating a spectral slope flatter than that
of a typical unabsorbed quasar. Two hard sources that are gravitationally
lensed by the foreground cluster are obscured quasars, with intrinsic 2-10 keV
luminosities of 0.2-3 x 10^{45} erg/s and absorbing columns of N_H>10^{23}
cm^{-2}. Both were detected by ISO, showing that the absorbed flux emerges in
the far-infrared.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 306 </DOCNO>
The spectral and magnetic properties of $\alpha$- and $\gamma$-Ce from


  We have calculated ground state properties and excitation spectra for Ce
metal with the {\it ab initio} computational scheme combining local density
approximation and dynamical mean-field theory (LDA+DMFT). We considered all
electronic states, i.e. correlated f-states and non-correlated s-, p- and
d-states. The strong local correlations (Coulomb interaction) among the
f-states lead to typical many-body resonances in the partial f-density, such as
lower and upper Hubbard band. Additionally the well known Kondo resonance is
observed. The s-, p- and d-densities show small to mediate renormalization
effects due to hybridization. We observe different Kondo temperatures for
$\alpha$- and $\gamma$-Ce ($T_{K,\alpha}\approx 1000 K$ and
$T_{K,\gamma}\approx 30 K$), due to strong volume dependence of the effective
hybridization strength for the localized f-electrons. Finally we compare our
results with a variety of experimental data, i.e. from photoemission
spectroscopy (PES), inverse photoemission spectroscopy (BIS), resonant inverse
photoemission spectroscopy (RIPES) and magnetic susceptibility measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 628 </DOCNO>
Magnetic and Orbital States and Their Phase Transition of the


  The properties and mechanism of the magnetic phase transition of the
perovskite-type Ti oxides, which is driven by the Ti-O-Ti bond angle
distortion, are studied theoretically by using the effective spin and
pseudospin Hamiltonian with strong Coulomb repulsion. It is shown that the
A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM(A)) to ferromagnetic (FM) phase transition occurs
as the Ti-O-Ti bond angle is decreased. Through this phase transition, the
orbital state changes only little whereas the spin-exchange coupling along the
$c$-axis is expected to change from positive to negative nearly continuously
and approaches zero at the phase boundary. The resultant strong
two-dimensionality in the spin coupling causes rapid suppression of the
critical temperature, as observed experimentally. It may induce large quantum
fluctuations in this region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75784 </DOCNO>
Flat directions in susy guts


  It is shown that a realistic SUSY SU(6) GUT can dynamically generate the GUT
scale and solve at the same time the doublet-triplet splitting problem. The
cosmological implications of such a model are briefly reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149468 </DOCNO>
Magnetic backgrounds and tachyonic instabilities in closed string theory


  We discuss some aspects of closed superstrings in Melvin-type magnetic
backgrounds. A 2-parameter family of such NS-NS backgrounds are exactly
solvable as weakly coupled string models with the spectrum containing tachyonic
modes. Magnetic field allows one to interpolate between free superstring
theories with periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions for the space-time
fermions around some compact direction, and, in particular, between type 0 and
type II string theories. Using ``9-11'' flip, this interpolation can be
extended to M-theory and may be used to study the issue of tachyon in type 0
string theory. We review, following hep-th/0104238, related duality proposals,
and, in particular, consider a description of type 0 theory in terms of
M-theory in a curved magnetic flux background in which the type 0 tachyon
appears to correspond to a state in $d=11$ supergravity fluctuation spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113356 </DOCNO>
Mode structure and ray dynamics of a parabolic dome microcavity


  We consider the wave and ray dynamics of the electromagnetic field in a
parabolic dome microcavity. The structure of the fundamental s-wave involves a
main lobe in which the electromagnetic field is confined around the focal point
in an effective volume of the order of a cubic wavelength, while the modes with
finite angular momentum have a structure that avoids the focal area and have
correspondingly larger effective volume. The ray dynamics indicates that the
fundamental s-wave is robust with respect to small geometrical deformations of
the cavity, while the higher order modes are associated with ray chaos and
short-lived. We discuss the incidence of these results on the modification of
the spontaneous emission dynamics of an emitter placed in such a parabolic dome
microcavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149594 </DOCNO>
Axial Gauged Noncommutative U(2)/U(1) Wess-Zumino-Witten Model


  We construct various kinds of gauged noncommutative WZW models. In
particular, axial gauged noncommutative U(2)/U(1) WZW model is studied and by
integrating out the gauge fields, we obtain a noncommutative non-linear
$\sigma$-model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73640 </DOCNO>
Asymmetries in phi photoproduction and the OZI violation


  We study the vector meson density matrix and the associated polarization
asymmetries in $\phi$ photoproduction near threshold. In order to study the OZI
violating processes, we consider the direct $\phi NN$ coupling as well as the
knockout processes arising from the non-vanishing $s\bar{s}$ sea quarks in the
nucleon. The polarization asymmetries in $\phi$ meson decays are found to be
very useful to constrain the $\phi NN$ coupling constant. The hidden
strangeness of the nucleon can also be studied by these asymmetries, but mostly
at large $|t|$ region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75541 </DOCNO>
Brane Fluctuation and anomalous muon magnetic moment


  We study the effects of extra dimensions on the muon anomalous magnetic
moment with brane fluctuation. Since the coupling is naturally suppressed if
brane fluctuation is considered by exponential softening factor for heavier
states, the contribution from the whole Kaluza-Klein graviton tower is shown to
be finite. The recent BNL E821 result is accomodated with $D=4+\delta$
dimensional gravitational scale, $M_D$, in the range of $M_D \simeq 1.0 - 5.1$
TeV ($\delta=2$), and $M_D \simeq 1.0 - 8.0 $ TeV ($\delta=6$) with the brane
tension parameter $f=(4\pi^2 \tau)^{1/4}$, in the range $f = 1 - 10 $ TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123844 </DOCNO>
A Useful Approximation for Computing the Continuum Polarization of Be


  This paper describes a practical model for the polarization of Be stars which
can be used to estimate roughly the physical parameters for optically thin
circumstellar envelopes from broadband UBVRI photopolarimetry data. Analysis of
long-term variability in terms of these parameters is a promising approach
toward understanding the Be phenomenon. An interesting result from fitting the
model to observations of eight Be stars is that all of them may have
geometrically thin disks, with opening half-angles on the order of ten degrees
or less. This contributes to the growing evidence that most Be disks are
geometrically thin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179458 </DOCNO>
A Realistic Solvable Model for the Coulomb Dissociation of Neutron Halo


  As a model of a neutron halo nucleus we consider a neutron bound to an inert
core by a zero range force. We study the breakup of this simple nucleus in the
Coulomb field of a target nucleus. In the post-form DWBA (or, in our simple
model CWBA (``Coulomb Wave Born Approximation'')) an analytic solution for the
T-matrix is known. We study limiting cases of this T-matrix. As it should be,
we recover the Born approximation for weak Coulomb fields (i.e., for the
relevant Coulomb parameters much smaller than 1). For strong Coulomb fields,
high beam energies, and scattering to the forward region we find a result which
is very similar to the Born result. It is only modified by a relative phase
(close to 0) between the two terms and a prefactor (close to 1). A similar
situation exists for bremsstrahlung emission. This formula can be related to
the first order semiclassical treatment of the electromagnetic dissociation.
Since our CWBA model contains the electromagnetic interaction between the core
and the target nucleus to all orders, this means that higher order effects
(including postacceleration effects) are small in the case of high beam
energies and forward scattering. Our model also predicts a scaling behavior of
the differential cross section, that is, different systems (with different
binding energies, beam energies and scattering angles) show the same dependence
on two variables x and y.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72533 </DOCNO>
Why the Quark-Gluon Plasma isn't a Plasma


  An alternate picture of the deconfined phase of gauge theories is described.
Instead of a plasma, the theory is viewed as a condensate of Polyakov lines.
The pressure is determined by an elementary mean field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149288 </DOCNO>
Temperature phase transition and an effective expansion parameter in the


  The temperature phase transition in the N-component scalar field theory with
spontaneous symmetry breaking is investigated in the perturbative approach. The
second Legendre transform is used together with the consideration of the gap
equations in the extrema of the free energy. Resummations are performed on the
super daisy level and beyond. The phase transition turns out to be weakly of
first order. The diagrams beyond the super daisy ones which are calculated
correspond to next-to-next-to-leading order in 1/N. It is shown that these
diagrams do not alter the phase transition qualitatively. In the limit N goes
to infinity the phase transition becomes second order. A comparison with other
approaches is done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5678 </DOCNO>
Specific heat and energy for the three-dimensional O(2) model


  We investigate the three-dimensional O(2) model on lattices of size 8^3 to
160^3 close to the critical point at zero magnetic field. We confirm explicitly
the value of the critical coupling J_c found by Ballesteros et al. and estimate
there the universal values of g_r and xi/L. At the critical point we study the
finite size dependencies of the energy density epsilon and the specific heat C.
We find that the nonsingular part of the specific heat C_{ns} is linearly
dependent on 1/alpha. From the critical behaviour of the specific heat for T
not T_c on the largest lattices we determine the universal amplitude ratio
A+/A-. The alpha- dependence of this ratio is close to the phenomenological
relation A+/A- = 1-4alpha.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73993 </DOCNO>
A lattice study of 3D compact QED at finite temperature


  We study the deconfinement phase transition and monopole properties in the
finite temperature 3D compact Abelian gauge model on the lattice. We predict
the critical coupling as function of the lattice size in a simplified model to
describe monopole binding. We demonstrate numerically that the monopoles are
sensitive to the transition. In the deconfinement phase the monopoles appear in
the form of a dilute gas of magnetic dipoles. In the confinement phase both
monopole density and string tension differ from semiclassical estimates if
monopole binding is neglected. However, the analysis of the monopole clusters
shows that the relation between the string tension and the density of monopoles
in charged clusters is in reasonable agreement with those predictions. We study
the cluster structure of the vacuum in both phases of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4666 </DOCNO>
Superfluid to solid crossover in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensed gas


  The properties of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a prolate
cylindrically symmetric trap are explored both analytically and numerically. As
the rotation frequency increases, an ever greater number of vortices are
energetically favored. Though the cloud anisotropy and moment of inertia
approach those of a classical fluid at high frequencies, the observed vortex
density is consistently lower than the solid-body estimate. Furthermore, the
vortices are found to arrange themselves in highly regular triangular arrays,
with little distortion even near the condensate surface. These results are
shown to be a direct consequence of the inhomogeneous confining potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168340 </DOCNO>
Comment on `Quantum-Anti-Zeno Paradox'


  One can reduce the involved derivation of Balachandran and Roy of their
`anti-Zeno' effect [Phys.Rev.Lett. 84, 4019 (2000)] to the derivation of
standard Zeno effect. The mechanism of what the authors call `anti-Zeno' effect
is a dynamic version of Zeno effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129170 </DOCNO>
Tracing Cosmic Evolution with an XMM Serendipitous Cluster Survey


  This paper describes updated predictions, as a function of the underlying
cosmological model, for a serendipitous galaxy cluster survey that we plan to
conduct with the {\em XMM-Newton} X-ray Satellite. We have included the effects
of the higher than anticipated internal background count rates and have
expanded our predictions to include clusters detected at 3 sigma. Even with the
enhanced background levels, we expect the XCS to detect sufficient clusters at
z>1 to differentiate between open and flat cosmological models. We have
compared the XCS cluster redshift distribution to those expected from the XMM
Slew Survey and the ROSAT Massive Cluster Survey (MACS) and find them to be
complementary. We conclude that the future existence of the XCS should not
deter the launch of a dedicated X-ray survey satellite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74521 </DOCNO>
Heavy quark colorimetry of QCD matter


  We consider propagation of heavy quarks in QCD matter. Because of large quark
mass, the radiative quark energy loss appears to be qualitatively different
from that of light quarks at all energies of practical importance. Finite quark
mass effects lead to an in-medium enhancement of the heavy-to-light D/\pi
ratio at moderately large (5--10 GeV) transverse momenta. For hot QCD matter a
large enhancement is expected, whose magnitude and shape are exponentially
sensitive to the density of colour charges in the medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6917 </DOCNO>
From quantum master equation to random walk


  It is shown in this paper that the quantum master equation can be mapped to a
modified continuous time random walk (CTRW) if the relaxation term is composed
of transitions over a set of states. When the Hamiltonian is time-independent
and transitions are between its eigenlevels, such modified CTRW reduces to the
Markovian walk equivalent to the Pauli master equation. On the other hand, the
memory in such modified CTRW is composed of a temporal factor and the
probability determined by the Liouville flow when the relaxation term is
reduced as a special dephasing term.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98759 </DOCNO>
The Irreducible Tensor Bases of Exceptional Lie Algebras 1. G2, F_4 and


  The irreducible tensor bases of exceptional Lie algebras G2, F4 and E6 are
built by grouping their Cartan-Weyl bases according to the respective chains
G2> SO(3) * SO(3), F4 > SO(3)*SO(3)*SO(3)*SO(3) and E6>
SO(3)*SO(3)*SO(3)*SO(3). The explicit commutation relations of the irreducible
tensor bases of these algebras are given also respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76847 </DOCNO>
Meson Interferometry and the Quest for Quark-Gluon Matter


  We point out what we may learn from the investigation of identical
two-particle interferometry in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions if we
assume a particular model scenario by the formation of a thermalized
quark-gluon plasma hadronizing via a first-order phase transition to an
interacting hadron gas. The bulk properties of the two-pion correlation
functions are dominated by these late and soft resonance gas rescattering
processes. %that diminish and alter even qualitatively the dependencies %on the
QCD equation of state. However, we show that kaons at large transverse momenta
have several advantages and a bigger sensitivity to the QCD phase transition
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83766 </DOCNO>
NEOS Server 4.0 Administrative Guide


  The NEOS Server 4.0 provides a general Internet-based client/server as a link
between users and software applications. The administrative guide covers the
fundamental principals behind the operation of the NEOS Server, installation
and trouble-shooting of the Server software, and implementation details of
potential interest to a NEOS Server administrator. The guide also discusses
making new software applications available through the Server, including areas
of concern to remote solver administrators such as maintaining security,
providing usage instructions, and enforcing reasonable restrictions on jobs.
The administrative guide is intended both as an introduction to the NEOS Server
and as a reference for use when running the Server.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129645 </DOCNO>
The Optical Polarization of Near-Infrared Selected QSOs


  Optical broad-band polarimetry is presented for near-infrared color-selected
AGN classified QSOs based on their K-band luminosity. More than 10% of a sample
of 70 QSOs discovered in the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) with J-K > 2 and
M_K < -23 show high broad-band linear polarization (P > 3%), and values range
to a maximum of P = 11%. High polarization tends to be associated with the most
luminous objects at K, and with QSOs having the highest near-IR-to-optical flux
ratios. The 2MASS QSO sample includes objects possessing a wide range of
optical spectral types. High polarization is seen in two of 22 broad
emission-line (Type 1) objects, but 1/4 of the QSOs of intermediate spectral
type (Type 1.5-1.9) are highly polarized. None of the nine QSOs classified as
Type 2 exhibit P > 3%. It is likely that the unavoidable inclusion of
unpolarized starlight from the host galaxy within the observation aperture
results in reduced polarization for the narrow emission-line objects. The high
polarization of 2MASS-discovered QSOs supports the conclusion inferred from
their near-IR and optical colors, that the nuclei of many of these objects are
obscured to some degree by dust. The 2MASS QSO sample is compared to other,
predominantly radio-quiet, QSOs and is found to be consistent with the idea
that the orientation of AGN to the line of sight plays a major role in
determining their observed properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5102 </DOCNO>
A single impurity in a Luttinger liquid: How it "cuts" the chain


  Using a fermionic renormalization group method we present a simple real space
picture of the strong influence an impurity has on the electronic properties of
a Luttinger liquid. We compute the flow of the renormalized impurity potential
for a single impurity over the entire energy range - from the microscopic scale
of a lattice-fermion model down to the low-energy limit. We confirm that low
energy properties close to the impurity are as if the chain is cut in two
pieces with open boundary conditions at the end points, but show that this
universal behavior is only reached for extremely large systems. The accuracy of
the renormalization group scheme is demonstrated by a direct comparison with
data obtained from the density-matrix renormalization group method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5208 </DOCNO>
Energy spectra of quantum rings


  Ring geometries have fascinated experimental and theoretical physicists over
many years. Open rings connected to leads allow the observation of the
Aharonov-Bohm effect, a paradigm of quantum mechanical phase coherence. The
phase coherence of transport through a quantum dot embedded in one arm of an
open ring has been demonstrated. The energy spectrum of closed rings has only
recently been analysed by optical experiments and is the basis for the
prediction of persistent currents and related experiments. Here we report
magnetotransport experiments on a ring-shaped semiconductor quantum dot in the
Coulomb blockade regime. The measurements allow us to extract the discrete
energy levels of a realistic ring, which are found to agree well with
theoretical expectations. Such an agreement, so far only found for few-electron
quantum dots, is here extended to a many-electron system. In a semiclassical
language our results indicate that electron motion is governed by regular
rather than chaotic motion, an unexplored regime in many-electron quantum dots.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85807 </DOCNO>
Scalar field spacetimes and the AdS/CFT conjecture


  We describe a class of asymptotically AdS scalar field spacetimes, and
calculate the associated conserved charges for three, four and five spacetime
dimensions using the conformal and counter-term prescriptions. The energy
associated with the solutions in each case is proportional to $\sqrt{M^2 -
k^2}$, where $M$ is a constant and $k$ is a scalar charge. In five spacetime
dimensions, the counter-term prescription gives an additional vacuum (Casimir)
energy, which agrees with that found in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence.
We find a surprising degeneracy: the energy of the ``extremal'' scalar field
solution $M=k$ equals the energy of pure AdS. This result is discussed in light
of the AdS/CFT conjecture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148332 </DOCNO>
Difference equations for correlation functions of $A^{(1)}_{n-1}$-face


  The $A^{(1)}_{n-1}$-face model with boundary reflection is considered on the
basis of the boundary CTM bootstrap. We construct the fused boundary Boltzmann
weights to determine the normalization factor. We derive difference equations
of the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov type for correlation functions of the
boundary model. The simplest difference equations are solved the in the case of
the free boundary condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81330 </DOCNO>
Re $A_0$ and Re $A_2$ from Quenched Lattice QCD


  We have used domain wall fermions to calculate $K \to \pi$ and $K \to 0$
matrix elements which can be used to study the $\Delta I = 1/2$ rule for K
decays in the Standard Model. Nonlinearities in the $\Delta I = 3/2$ matrix
elements due to chiral logarithms are explored and the subtractions needed for
the $\Delta I = 1/2$ matrix elements are discussed. Using renormalization
factors calculated using non-perturbative renormalization then yields values
for real $A_0$ and $A_2$. We present the details of our quenched $16^3 \times
32 \times 16$, $\beta = 6.0$, $M_5 = 1.8$ simulation, where a previous
calculation showed that the finite $L_s$ chiral symmetry breaking effects are
small ($m_{\rm res} \approx 4 \rm MeV$).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97685 </DOCNO>
Effective freeness of adjoint line bundles


  In this note we establish a new Fujita-type effective bound for the base
point freeness of adjoint line bundles on a compact complex projective manifold
of complex dimension $n$. The bound we obtain (approximately) differs from the
linear bound conjectured by Fujita only by a factor of the cube root of $n$. As
an application, a new effective statement for pluricanonical embeddings is
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73622 </DOCNO>
Parton densities and saturation scale from non-linear evolution in DIS


  We present the numerical solution of the non-linear evolution equation for
DIS on nuclei for $x = 10^{-2} \div 10^{-7}$. We demonstrate that the solution
to the non-linear evolution equation is quite different from the Glauber -
Mueller formula which was used as the initial condition for the equation.
  We illustrate the energy profit for performing DIS experiments on nuclei.
  However, it turns out that the gain is quite modest: $x_{Au} \simeq 5 x_{\rm
proton} $ for the same parton density.
  We find that the saturation scale $Q^2_s \propto A^{{1/3}}$. For gold the
saturation scale $Q_{s,Au} \simeq 1.5 GeV$ at $x= 10^{-3}$. Such a large value
leads to considerable contribution of the high density QCD phase to RHIC data
and reveals itself in essential damping for both $xG_A$ and $F_{2A}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73957 </DOCNO>
Functional Integral Approach in the Theory of Color Superconductivity


  In this series of lectures we present the functional integral method for
studying the superconducting pairing of quarks with the formation of the
diquarks as well as the quark-antiquark pairing in dense QCD. The dynamical
equations for the superconducting order parameters are the nonlinear integral
equations for the composite quantum fields describing the quark-quark or
quark-antiquark systems. These composite fields are the bi-local fields if the
pairing is generated by the gluon exchange while for the instanton induced
pairing interactions they are the local ones. The expressions of the free
energy densities are derived. The binding of three quarks is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124695 </DOCNO>
Energetics of Gamma Ray Bursts


  We determine the distribution of total energy emitted by gamma-ray bursts for
bursts with fluences and distance information. Our core sample consists of
eight bursts with BATSE spectra and spectroscopic redshifts. We extend this
sample by adding four bursts with BATSE spectra and host galaxy R magnitudes.
  From these R magnitudes we calculate a redshift probability distribution;
this method requires a model of the host galaxy population. From a sample of
ten bursts with both spectroscopic redshifts and host galaxy R magnitudes (some
do not have BATSE spectra) we find that the burst rate is proportional to the
galaxy luminosity at the epoch of the burst. Assuming that the total energy
emitted has a log-normal distribution, we find that the average emitted energy
(assumed to be radiated isotropically) is $<E_{\gamma iso} > =
1.3^{+1.2}_{-1.0} \times 10^{53}$ ergs (for H$_0$ = 65 km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$,
$\Omega_m=0.3$ and $\Omega_\Lambda=0.7$); the distribution has a logarithmic
width of $\sigma_\gamma=1.7^{+0.7}_{-0.3}$. The corresponding distribution of
X-ray afterglow energy (for seven bursts) has $<E_{X iso} > = 4.0^{+1.6}_{-1.8}
\times 10^{51}$ergs and $\sigma_X = 1.3^{+0.4}_{-0.3}$. For completeness, we
also provide spectral fits for all bursts with BATSE spectra for which there
were afterglow searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74188 </DOCNO>
Indirect Search for Neutralino Dark Matter with High Energy Neutrinos


  We investigate the prospects of indirect searches for supersymmetric
neutralino dark matter. Relic neutralinos gravitationally accumulate in the Sun
and their annihilations produce high energy neutrinos. Muon neutrinos of this
origin can be seen in large detectors like AMANDA, IceCube and ANTARES. We
evaluate the relic density and the detection rate in several models---the
minimal supersymmetric model, minimal supergravity, and supergravity with
non-universal Higgs boson masses at the grand unification scale. We make
realistic estimates for the indirect detection rates including effects of the
muon detection threshold, quark hadronization, and solar absorption. We find
good prospects for detection of neutralinos with mass above 200 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126134 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton Observation of the Black Hole Microquasar GRS 1758-258


  The XMM-Newton X-ray observatory pointed the galactic black hole candidate
and microquasar GRS 1758-258 in September 2000 for about 10 ks during a program
devoted to the scan of the Galactic Center regions. Preliminary results from
EPIC MOS camera data are presented here. The data indicate that the source
underwent a state transition from its standard low-hard state to an
intermediate state. For the first time in this source the ultra-soft component
of the accretion disk, which black hole binaries display in intermediate or
high-soft states, was clearly detected and measured thanks to the high spectral
capabilities of XMM-Newton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168501 </DOCNO>
The critical perturbation parameter estimate for the transition from


  In this paper we continue to develop our approach to the chaoticity
properties of the quantum Hamiltonian systems. Our earlier suggested chaoticity
criterion characterizes the initial symmetry breaking and the destruction of
the corresponding integrals of motion in a perturbed system, which causes the
system's chaotisation. Transition from regularity to chaos in quantum systems
occurs at a certain critical value of the perturbation parameter. In our
previous papers we had to diagonalize the perturbed system's Hamiltonian matrix
in order to estimate this parameter. In the present paper we demonstrate that
the critical perturbation parameter for the transition from regularity to chaos
can be estimated in the framework of the first order perturbation theory. The
values of thus obtained critical parameter are in good agreement with the
results of our previous precise calculations for Hennon-Heiles Hamiltonian and
diamagnetic Kepler problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77117 </DOCNO>
From soft to hard regime in elastic pion-pion scattering above


  We discuss the onset of the dominance of the Glauber-Gribov-Landshoff (GGL)
component of pQCD hard two-gluon (2G) exchange contribution to hard elastic
$\pi\pi$ scattering at moderate energies . Such a hard $\pi\pi$ scattering
could via final state interaction on the $\gamma \gamma \to \pi^+ \pi^-$
reaction in which pQCD quark-exchange contribution is known to be short of
strength. While in the nonrelativistic approximation the GGL amplitude is known
to be free of suppression by the pion form factor, we show that in the
relativistic light-cone approach it acquires a residual, albeit a weak,
suppression. Furthermore,z the same mechanism it is free of the end-point
contributions. We evaluation the GGL amplitude with a model light-cone wave
function consistent with the pion charge form factor data. The soft
contribution to elastic $\pi\pi$ scattering is estimated based on the $NN$ and
$\pi N$ total cross section data and Regge factorization, which gives the
$\pi\pi$ total cross sections consistent with the ones deduced earlier from the
absorption model analysis of the $\pi N \to X N, X \Delta$ data. We evaluate
the large-$|t|$ tail of the soft amplitude within the Regge absorption models.
We find that while in the same sign $\pi^\pm\pi^\pm$ scattering the hard GGL
mechanism takes over at $|t|\gsim$ 3 GeV$^{-2}$, in the opposite-sign
$\pi^\pm\pi^\mp$ scattering the hard GGL mechanism $|t|\lsim$ 4 GeV$^{-2}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127726 </DOCNO>
Solar-cycle variation of the sound-speed asphericity from GONG and MDI


  We study the variation of the frequency splitting coefficients describing the
solar asphericity in both GONG and MDI data, and use these data to investigate
temporal sound-speed variations as a function of both depth and latitude during
the period from 1995-2000 and a little beyond. The temporal variations in even
splitting coefficients are found to be correlated to the corresponding
component of magnetic flux at the solar surface. We confirm that the
sound-speed variations associated with the surface magnetic field are
superficial. Temporally averaged results show a significant excess in sound
speed around 0.92 solar radii and latitude of 60 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149657 </DOCNO>
Dualities between K3 fibered Calabi-Yau three-folds


  We examine the relations of Calabi-Yau three-folds having the same Hodge
numbers, $(h^{1,1},h^{2,1})=(5,185)$ with the various number of K3 fibers. We
also argue their implications to string duality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1385 </DOCNO>
Theory of resonant Raman scattering of tetrahedral amorphous carbon


  We present a practical method to compute the vibrational resonant Raman
spectra in solids with delocalized excitations. We apply this approach to the
study of tetrahedrous amorphous carbon. We determine the vibrational eigenmodes
and eigenvalues using density functional theory in the local density
approximation, and the Raman intensities using a tight binding approximation.
The computed spectra are in good agreement with the experimental ones measured
with visible and UV lasers. We analyze the Raman spectra in terms of
vibrational modes of microscopic units. We show that, at any frequency, the
spectra are dominated by the stretching vibrations. We identify a very rapid
inversion in the relative Raman intensities of the $sp^2$ and $sp^3$ carbon
sites with the frequency of the incident laser beam. In particular, the spectra
are dominated by $sp^2$ atoms below 4 eV and by $sp^3$ atoms above 6 eV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123815 </DOCNO>
Starbursts, Dark Matter and Dwarf Galaxy Evolution


  Optical and HI imaging of both dwarf irregular (dI) and Blue Compact Dwarf
(BCD) galaxies reveal important clues on how dwarf galaxies evolve and their
star formation is regulated. Both usually show evidence for stellar and gaseous
disks. However, their total mass is dominated by dark matter. Gas rich dwarfs
form with a range of disk structural properties. These have been arbitrarily
separated them into two classes on the basis of central surface brightness.
Dwarfs with mu_{0}(B) > ~22 mag arcsec^{-2} are usually classified as BCDs,
while those fainter than limit are usually classified as dIs. Both classes
experience bursts of star formation, but with an absolute intensity correlated
with the disk surface brightness. Even in BCDs the bursts typically represent
only a modest < ~1 mag enhancement to the B luminosity of the disk. While
starbursts are observed to power significant galactic winds, the fractional ISM
loss remains modest. Dark matter halos play an important role in determining
dwarf galaxy morphology by setting the equilibrium surface brightness of the
disk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87141 </DOCNO>
Extension of quantum information theory to curved spacetimes


  The representation of measurements by positive operator valued measures and
the description of the most general state transformations by means of
completely positive maps are two basic concepts of quantum information theory.
These concepts can be trivially extended to field theories in curved spacetime
if all the representations of canonical commutation or anticommutation
relations are unitarily equivalent. We show that both concepts can be applied
even when there is no such unitary equivalence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86874 </DOCNO>
Gauss-Bonnet Black Holes in AdS Spaces


  We study thermodynamic properties and phase structures of topological black
holes in Einstein theory with a Gauss-Bonnet term and a negative cosmological
constant. The event horizon of these topological black holes can be a
hypersurface with positive, zero or negative constant curvature. When the
horizon is a zero curvature hypersurface, the thermodynamic properties of black
holes are completely the same as those of black holes without the Gauss-Bonnet
term, although the two black hole solutions are quite different. When the
horizon is a negative constant curvature hypersurface, the thermodynamic
properties of the Gauss-Bonnet black holes are qualitatively similar to those
of black holes without the Gauss-Bonnet term. When the event horizon is a
hypersurface with positive constant curvature, we find that the thermodynamic
properties and phase structures of black holes drastically depend on the
spacetime dimension $d$ and the coefficient of the Gauss-Bonnet term: when
$d\ge 6$, the properties of black hole are also qualitatively similar to the
case without the Gauss-Bonnet term, but when $d=5$, a new phase of locally
stable small black hole occurs under a critical value of the Gauss-Bonnet
coefficient, and beyond the critical value, the black holes are always
thermodynamically stable. However, the locally stable small black hole is not
globally preferred, instead a thermal anti-de Sitter space is globally
preferred. We find that there is a minimal horizon radius, below which the
Hawking-Page phase transition will not occur since for these black holes the
thermal anti de Sitter space is always globally preferred.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41148 </DOCNO>
Production at Intermediate Energies and Lund Area Law


  The Lund area law was developed into a Monte Carlo program LUARLW. The
important ingredients of this generator was described. It was found that the
LUARLW simulations are in good agreement with the BEPC/BES R scan data
between 2--5 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5904 </DOCNO>
Large Field Cutoffs Make Perturbative Series Converge


  For lambda phi^4 problems, convergent perturbative series can be obtained by
cutting off the large field configurations. The modified series converge to
values exponentially close to the exact ones. For lambda larger than some
critical value, the method outperforms Pade approximants and Borel summations.
We discuss some aspects of the semi-classical methods used to calculate the
modified Feynman rules and estimate the error associated with the procedure. We
provide a simple numerical example where the procedure works despite the fact
that the Borel sum has singularities on the positive real axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41836 </DOCNO>
Charm-System Tests of CPT with FOCUS


  We discuss a search for CPT violation in neutral charm meson oscillations.
The data come from the Fermilab fixed-target experiment FOCUS. While flavor
mixing in the charm sector is predicted to be small by the standard model, it
is still possible to investigate CPT violation through study of the proper time
dependence of the asymmetry in right-sign decay rates for D0 and D0-bar. Using
present limits for D0-D0-bar mixing we infer bounds on charm CPT violation
using data from FOCUS.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129217 </DOCNO>
A cookbook for the XMMSAS


  This paper will give a short description of a `cookbook' for the XMM-Newton
data reduction software XMMSAS. This `cookbook' has been developed at the
Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Garching. The task
of this `cookbook' is to describe the necessary XMMSAS tasks and show examples
to make it easy for new users of the XMMSAS to understand the steps which have
to perform to reduce their XMM X-ray data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124161 </DOCNO>
M Dwarfs from Hubble Space Telescope Star Counts. IV


  We study a sample of about 1400 disk M dwarfs that are found in 148 fields
observed with the Wide Field Camera 2 (WFC2) on the Hubble Space Telescope and
162 fields observed with pre-repair Planetary Camera 1 (PC1), of which 95 of
the WFC2 fields are newly analyzed. The method of maximum likelihood is applied
to derive the luminosity function and the Galactic disk parameters. At first,
we use a local color-magnitude relation and a locally determined
mass-luminosity relation in our analysis. The results are consistent with those
of previous work but with considerably reduced statistical errors. These small
statistical errors motivate us to investigate the systematic uncertainties.
Considering the metallicity gradient above the Galactic plane, we introduce a
modified color-magnitude relation that is a function of Galactic height. The
resultant M dwarf luminosity function has a shape similar to that derived using
the local color-magnitude relation but with a higher peak value. The peak
occurs at $M_V \sim 12$ and the luminosity function drops sharply toward $M_V
\sim 14$. We then apply a height-dependent mass-luminosity function
interpolated from theoretical models with different metallicities to calculate
the mass function. Unlike the mass function obtained using local relations,
which has a power-law index $\alpha = 0.47$, the one derived from the
height-dependent relations tends to be flat ($\alpha = -0.10$). The resultant
local surface density of disk M dwarfs (12.2 +/- 1.6 M_sun pc^{-2}) is somewhat
smaller than the one obtained using local relations (14.3 +/- 1.3 M_sun
pc^{-2}). Our measurement favors a short disk scale length, H = 2.75 +/- 0.16
(statistical) +/- 0.25 (systematic) kpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75593 </DOCNO>
Quantum Fields far from Equilibrium and Thermalization


  I review the use of the 2PI effective action in nonequilibrium quantum field
theory. The approach enables one to find approximation schemes which circumvent
long-standing problems of non-thermal or secular (unbounded) late-time
evolutions encountered in standard loop or 1/N expansions of the 1PI effective
action. It is shown that late-time thermalization can be described from a
numerical solution of the three-loop 2PI effective action for a scalar
$\phi^4$--theory in 1+1 dimensions (with Jurgen Cox, hep-ph/0006160).
Quantitative results far from equilibrium beyond the weak coupling expansion
can be obtained from the 1/N expansion of the 2PI effective action at
next-to-leading order (NLO), calculated for a scalar O(N) symmetric quantum
field theory (hep-ph/0105311). Extending recent calculations in classical field
theory by Aarts et al. (hep-ph/0007357) and by Blagoev et al. (hep-ph/0106195)
to $N>1$ we show that the NLO approximation converges to exact (MC) results
already for moderate values of $N$ (with Gert Aarts, hep-ph/0107129). I comment
on characteristic time scales in scalar quantum field theory and the
applicability of classical field theory for sufficiently high initial
occupation numbers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41205 </DOCNO>
Higgs Discovery before LHC?


  The proposed Run IIb of the Tevatron Collider will provide 15 fb-1 worth of
ppbar data at c.o.m energy of 2 TeV per experiment by year 2007. We review the
plans of the Tevatron accelerator complex upgrade and the plans for the
upgrades of the experiments to match this challenge. Perspectives for the
discovery of an Higgs particle are reviewed and the concrete possibility of a 5
sigmas discovery for a low mass Higgs are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74635 </DOCNO>
Accounting for running alpha_s for the non-singlet components of the


  Talk given at 9th Workshop DIS 2001, Bologna, April,27 -May,1, 2001.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97509 </DOCNO>
Canonical Geometrically Ruled Surfaces


  We prove the existence of canonical scrolls; that is, scrolls playing the
role of canonical curves. First of all, they provide the geometrical version of
Riemann Roch Teorem: any special scroll is the projection of a canonical scroll
and they allow to understand the classification of special scrolls in P3.
Canonical scrolls correspond to the projective model of canonical geometrically
ruled surfaces over a smooth curve. We also prove that the generic canonical
scroll is projectively normal except in the hyperelliptic case and for very
particular cases in the nonhyperelliptic situation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7176 </DOCNO>
Quantum spin chains with regularly alternating bonds and fields


  We consider the spin-1/2 XY chain in a transverse field with regularly
varying exchange interactions and on-site fields. In two limiting cases of the
isotropic XX and extremely anisotropic (Ising) exchange interaction the
thermodynamic quantities are calculated rigorously with the help of continued
fractions. We discuss peculiarities of the low-temperature magnetic properties
and a possibility of the spin-Peierls instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83550 </DOCNO>
The Generalized Universal Law of Generalization


  It has been argued by Shepard that there is a robust psychological law that
relates the distance between a pair of items in psychological space and the
probability that they will be confused with each other. Specifically, the
probability of confusion is a negative exponential function of the distance
between the pair of items. In experimental contexts, distance is typically
defined in terms of a multidimensional Euclidean space-but this assumption
seems unlikely to hold for complex stimuli. We show that, nonetheless, the
Universal Law of Generalization can be derived in the more complex setting of
arbitrary stimuli, using a much more universal measure of distance. This
universal distance is defined as the length of the shortest program that
transforms the representations of the two items of interest into one another:
the algorithmic information distance. It is universal in the sense that it
minorizes every computable distance: it is the smallest computable distance. We
show that the universal law of generalization holds with probability going to
one-provided the confusion probabilities are computable. We also give a
mathematically more appealing form

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75984 </DOCNO>
Physical Instances of Noncommuting Coordinates


  Noncommuting spatial coordinates and fields can be realized in actual
physical situations. Plane wave solutions to noncommuting photodynamics exhibit
violaton of Lorentz invariance (special relativity).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124184 </DOCNO>
Primordial Feature at the Scale of Superclusters of Galaxies


  We investigate a spatially-flat cold dark matter model (with the matter
density parameter $\Omega_m=0.3$) with a primordial feature in the initial
power spectrum. We assume that there is a bump in the power spectrum of density
fluctuations at wavelengths $\lambda \sim 30-60h^{-1}$Mpc, which correspond to
the scale of superclusters of galaxies. There are indications for such a
feature in the power spectra derived from redshift surveys and also in the
power spectra derived from peculiar velocities of galaxies. We study the mass
function of clusters of galaxies, the power spectrum of the CMB temperature
fluctuations, the rms bulk velocity and the rms peculiar velocity of clusters
of galaxies. The baryon density is assumed to be consistent with the BBN value.
We show that with an appropriately chosen feature in the power spectrum of
density fluctuations at the scale of superclusters, the mass function of
clusters, the CMB power spectrum and peculiar velocities are in good agreement
with the observed data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128645 </DOCNO>
Combined multi-frequency map for point source substraction


  A method is proposed for combining multi-frequency maps in order to produce a
catalogue of extragalactic point sources using data from future high-precision
satellite experiments. We have found the optimal way for combining maps at
different frequencies in order to maximize the signal (point sources) to noise
(rest of the signal) ratio. Our approach is a natural multi-frequency
generalization of the band-pass filter introduced by Tegmark and de
Oliveira-Costa (1998). We show that combination of different frequency maps
gives us the possibility of creating a more complete catalogue of point
sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1319 </DOCNO>
Theory of quantum Hall effect and high Landau levels


  The angular momentum model which couples the spin and charge is discussed as
a possible theory of the quantum Hall effect. The high Landau level filling
fractions 5/2, 7/3 and 8/3 are understood by this model. It is found that 7/3
and 8/3 are the particle-hole conjugates and 5/2 arises due to a limiting level
at 1/2 with Landau level number n=5 which makes the fraction as 5/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128953 </DOCNO>
On the duration of the subsonic propeller state of neutron stars in


  The condition for the subsonic propeller - accretor state transition of
neutron stars in wind-fed mass-exchange binary systems is discussed. I show
that the value of the break period, at which the neutron star change its state
to accretor, presented by Davies & Pringle (1981) is underestimated by a factor
of 7.5. The correct value is P_{\rm br} = 450 \mu_{30}^{16/21}
\dot{M}_{15}^{-5/7} (M/M_{\sun})^{-4/21} s. This result forced us to reconsider
some basic conclusions on the efficiency of the propeller spindown mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85913 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian structure of 2+1 dimensional gravity


  A summary is given of some results and perspectives of the hamiltonian ADM
approach to 2+1 dimensional gravity. After recalling the classical results for
closed universes in absence of matter we go over the the case in which matter
is present in the form of point spinless particles. Here the maximally slicing
gauge proves most effective by relating 2+1 dimensional gravity to the Riemann-
Hilbert problem. It is possible to solve the gravitational field in terms of
the particle degrees of freedom thus reaching a reduced dynamics which involves
only the particle positions and momenta. Such a dynamics is proven to be
hamiltonian and the hamiltonian is given by the boundary term in the
gravitational action. As an illustration the two body hamiltonian is used to
provide the canonical quantization of the two particle system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75251 </DOCNO>
Possible Z-width probe of a "brane-world" scenario for neutrino masses


  The possibility that the accurately known value of the Z width might furnish
information about the coupling of two neutrinos to the Majoron (Nambu-Goldstone
boson of spontaneous lepton number violation) is proposed and investigated in
detail. Both the "ordinary" case and the case in which one adopts a "brane"
world picture with the Majoron free to travel in extra dimensions are studied.
Bounds on the dimensionless coupling constants are obtained, allowing for any
number of extra dimensions and any intrinsic mass scale. These bounds may be
applied to a variety of different Majoron models. If a technically natural
see-saw model is adopted, the predicted coupling constants are far below these
upper bounds. In addition, for this natural model, the effect of extra
dimensions is to decrease the predicted partial Z width, the increase due to
many Kaluza-Klein excitations being compensated by the decrease of their common
coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98464 </DOCNO>
Computing Small 1-Homological Models for Commutative Differential Graded


  We use homological perturbation machinery specific for the algebra category
[P. Real. Homological Perturbation Theory and Associativity. Homology, Homotopy
and Applications vol. 2, n. 5 (2000) 51-88] to give an algorithm for computing
the differential structure of a small 1--homological model for commutative
differential graded algebras (briefly, CDGAs). The complexity of the procedure
is studied and a computer package in Mathematica is described for determining
such models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114305 </DOCNO>
Squeezed states and quantum chaos


  We examine the dynamics of a wave packet that initially corresponds to a
coherent state in the model of quantum kicked rotator. This main model of
quantum chaos, which allows for a transition from regular to to chaotic
behavior in the classical limit, may be realized in experiments with cold
atoms. We study the generation of squeezed states in the quasiclassical limit
and in a time interval when quantum-classical correspondence is yet
well-defined. We find that the degree of squeezing depends on the degree of
local instability in the system and increases with the Chirikov parameter of
stochasticity. We discuss the dependence of the degree of squeezing on the
initial width of the packet, the problems of stability and observability of
squeezed states at the transition to quantum chaos, as well as the dynamics of
wave packet destruction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75159 </DOCNO>
Are Galaxies Cosmon Lumps?


  The scalar ``cosmon'' field mediating quintessence influences the dynamics of
extended objects in the universe. We discuss cosmon lumps -- spherically
symmetric solutions for the scalar field coupled to gravity. The two
integration constants can be associated to the mass and the rotational velocity
in a halo-like region with constant rotation curve. The presence of the scalar
field also changes the singularity of the black hole solution. We ask if
galaxies could be associated with cosmon lumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73537 </DOCNO>
New physics in CP violation experiments


  CP violation plays a privileged role in our quest for new physics beyond the
electroweak standard model (SM). In the SM the violation of CP in the weak
interactions has a single source: the phase of the quark mixing matrix (the CKM
matrix, for Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa). Most extensions of the SM exhibit new
sources of CP violation. For instance, the truly minimal supersymmetric
extension of the SM (CMSSM) has two new phases in addition to the CKM phase.
Given that CP violation is so tiny in the kaon system, is still largely
unexplored in B physics and is negligibly small in the electric dipole moments,
it is clear that new physics may have a good chance to manifest some departure
from the SM in this particularly challenging class of rare phenomena. On the
other hand, it is also apparent that CP violation generally represents a major
constraint on any attempt at model building beyond the SM. In this review we
tackle these two sides of the relation between CP violation and new physics.
Our focus will be on the potentialities to use CP violation as a probe on
Supersymmetric (SUSY) extensions of the SM. We wish to clarify the extent to
which such indirect signals for SUSY are linked to a fundamental theoretical
issue: is there a relation between the mechanism that originates the whole
flavor structure and the mechanism that is responsible for the breaking of
supersymmetry? Different ways to answer this question lead to quite different
expectations for CP violation in B physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113898 </DOCNO>
Entropic Approach for Reduction of Amino Acid Alphabets


  The primitive data for deducing the Miyazawa-Jernigan contact energy or
BLOSUM score metrix are the pair frequency counts. Each amino acid corresponds
to a distribution. Taking the Kullback-Leibler distance of two probability
distributions as resemblance coefficient and relating cluster to mixed
population, we perform cluster analysis of amino acids based on the frequecy
counts data. Furthermore, Ward's clustering is also obtained by adopting the
average score as an objective function. An ordinal cophenetic is introduced to
compare results from different clustering methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73702 </DOCNO>
Can the charged Higgs boson be discovered in $e\gamma$ collisions using


  We consider the single production of charged Higgs bosons $H^\pm$ of the
two-Higgs-doublet model in $e\gamma$ collisions through the production
subprocess $e^-\gamma\to\nu H^-$.
 As the production rate is governed by the size of the loop-induced $H^\pm
W^\mp\gamma$ coupling, the cross section can only be substantial for smaller
values of $\tan\beta$, $\tan\beta\lesssim1$, where the top-bottom loop
contribution is enhanced.
 In this case, however, the natural width of the charged Higgs boson becomes
large so that the Standard Model continuum background becomes important. We
study the background subprocess $e^-\gamma\to\nu\bar t b$ including the
interference with the signal, and find that in the region of charged Higgs mass
that can be interesting, the signal is difficult to detect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125746 </DOCNO>
Numerical Analyses of Weakly Nonlinear Velocity-Density Coupling


  We study evolution of various statistical quantities of smoothed cosmic
density and velocity fields using N-body simulations. The parameter
 $C\equiv <V^2\delta>/(<V^2> <\delta^2>)$ characterizes nonlinear coupling of
these two fields and determines behavior of bulk velocity dispersion as a
function of local density contrast.
 It is found that this parameter depends strongly on the smoothing scale even
in quasi-linear regimes where the skewness parameter
 $S_3$ is nearly constant and close to the predicted value by the second-order
perturbation theory. We also analyze weakly nonlinear effects caused by an
adaptive smoothing known as the gather approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86236 </DOCNO>
Trace anomaly for 4D higher derivative scalar-dilaton theory


  Trace anomaly for conformally invariant higher derivative 4D scalar-dilaton
theory is obtained by means of calculating divergent part of one-loop effective
action for such system. Its applications are briefly mentioned

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124077 </DOCNO>
A New SX Phe Star in the Globular Cluster M15


  A new SX Phe star (labelled SXP1) found from $BV$ CCD photometry is the first
to be discovered in the globular cluster M15. It is a blue straggler and is
located $102\arcsec.8$ north and $285\arcsec.6$ west of the center of M15
\citep{har96}. Mean magnitudes of SXP1 are $<$$B$$>$ = 18$\fm$671 and $<$$V$$>$
= 18$\fm$445. The amplitude of variability of SXP1 is measured to be $\Delta V
\approx 0.15$. From multiple-frequency analysis based on the Fourier
decomposition method, we detect two very closely separated pulsating
frequencies: the primary frequency at $f_1=24.630$ c/d for both $B$- and
$V$-bands, and the secondary frequency at $f_2=24.338$ c/d for the $B$-band and
24.343 c/d for the $V$-band. This star is the second among known SX Phe stars
found to pulsate with very closely separated frequencies ($f_2/f_1\ge0.95$).
These frequencies may be explained by excitation of nonradial modes; however,
we have an incomplete understanding of this phenomenon in the case of SX Phe
stars with relatively high amplitudes. The metallicity-period and the
variability amplitude-period relations for SXP1 in M15 are found to be
consistent with those for SX Phe stars in other globular clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5914 </DOCNO>
Parafermion statistics and the application to non-abelian quantum Hall


  The (exclusion) statistics of parafermions is used to study degeneracies of
quasiholes over the paired (or in general clustered) quantum Hall states. Focus
is on the Z_k and su(3)_k/u(1)^2 parafermions, which are used in the
description of spin-polarized and spin-singled clustered quantum Hall states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87 </DOCNO>
Electron and Nuclear Spin Dynamics in Antiferromagnetic Molecular Rings


  We study theoretically the spin dynamics of the ferric wheel, an
antiferromagnetic molecular ring. For a single nuclear or impurity spin coupled
to one of the electron spins of the ring, we calculate nuclear and electronic
spin correlation functions and show that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and
electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques can be used to detect coherent
tunneling of the Neel vector in these rings. The location of the NMR/ESR
resonances gives the tunnel splitting and its linewidth an upper bound on the
decoherence rate of the electron spin dynamics. We illustrate the experimental
feasibility of our proposal with estimates for Fe_10 molecules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83685 </DOCNO>
The Set of Equations to Evaluate Objects


  The notion of an equational shell is studied to involve the objects and their
environment. Appropriate methods are studied as valid embeddings of refined
objects. The refinement process determines the linkages between the variety of
possible representations giving rise to variants of computations. The case
study is equipped with the adjusted equational systems that validate the
initial applicative framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1585 </DOCNO>
Conduction mechanism and magnetotransport in multi-walled carbon


  We report on a numerical study of quantum diffusion over micron lengths in
defect-free multi-walled nanotubes. The intershell coupling allows the electron
spreading over several shells, and when their periodicities along the nanotube
axis are incommensurate, which is likely in real materials, the electronic
propagation is shown to be non ballistic. This results in magnetotransport
properties which are exceptional for a disorder free system, and provides a new
scenario to understand the experiments (A. Bachtold et al. Nature 397, 673
(1999)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125142 </DOCNO>
Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies


  We investigate models for the class of ultraluminous non-nuclear X-ray
sources (ULXs) seen in a number of galaxies and probably associated with
star-forming regions. Models where the X-ray emission is assumed to be
isotropic run into several difficulties. In particular formation of sufficient
numbers of the required ultramassive black-hole X-ray binaries is problematic,
and the likely transient behaviour of the resulting systems is not in good
accord with observation. The assumption of mild X-ray beaming suggests instead
that ULXs may represent a shortlived but extremely common stage in the
evolution of a wide class of X-ray binaries. The best candidate for this is the
phase of thermal-timescale mass transfer inevitable in many intermediate and
high-mass X-ray binaries. This in turn suggests a link with the Galactic
microquasars. The short lifetimes of high-mass X-ray binaries would explain the
association of ULXs with episodes of star formation. These considerations still
allow the possibility that individual ULXs may contain extremely massive black
holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6872 </DOCNO>
On ``Epitaxial Pb(Zr,Ti)O$_3$ thin films with coexisting tetragonal and


  I present here theory of PZT thin film - MgO substrate system thermal
expansion effect. I show that elastic properties of the substrate have to be
taken into account to describe this effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4763 </DOCNO>
Ultrasonic attenuation in magnetic fields for superconducting states


  We calculate the ultrasonic attenuation in magnetic fields for
superconducting states with line nodes vertical or horizontal relative to the
RuO_2 planes. This theory, which is valid for fields near Hc2 and not too low
temperatures, takes into account the effects of supercurrent flow and Andreev
scattering by the Abrikosov vortex lattice. For rotating in-plane field
H(theta) the attenuation alpha(theta)exhibits variations of fourfold symmetry
in the rotation angle theta. In the case of vertical nodes, the transverse T100
sound mode yields the weakest(linear)H and T dependence of alpha, while the
longitudinal L100 mode yields a stronger (quadratic) H and T dependence. This
is in strong contrast to the case of horizontal line nodes where alpha is the
same for the T100 and L100 modes (apart from a shift of pi/4 in field
direction) and is roughly a quadratic function of H and T. Thus we conclude
that measurements of alpha in in-plane magnetic fields for different in-plane
sound modes may be an important tool for probing the nodal structure of the gap
in Sr_2RuO_4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128303 </DOCNO>
On black hole masses, radio-loudness and bulge luminosities of Seyfert


  We estimated black hole masses for 9 Seyfert 1 and 13 Seyfert 2 galaxies in
the Palomar and CfA bright Seyfert samples using the tight correlation between
black hole mass and bulge velocity dispersion. Combining other 13 Seyfert 1s
and 2 Seyfert 2s in these samples but with black hole masses measured recently
by reverberation mapping and stellar/gas dynamics, we studied the correlations
of black hole masses with radio loudness and bulge luminosities for a sample of
37 Seyfert galaxies. We found that if radio-loudness is measured using the
optical and radio luminosities of the nuclear components, the black hole masses
of radio-loud Seyfert 1s tend to increase with the radio-loudness. The black
hole masses of all Seyfert galaxies increase with the radio power, but Seyfert
galaxies have larger radio powers than nearby galaxies with the same black hole
masses. In addition, the correlation between black hole masses and bulge V-band
luminosities for Seyfert galaxies is consistent with that found for quasars and
normal galaxies. The combined sample of 37 Seyfert galaxies, 15 quasars and 30
normal galaxies suggests a possible universal nonlinear relation between black
hole and bulge masses, $M(BH) \propto M(bulge)^{1.74\pm0.14}$, which is
slightly steeper than that found recently by Laor (2001) for a smaller sample.
This nonlinear relation is supported by a larger sample including 65 Seyfert
galaxies. The different M(BH)/M(bulge) ratio for galaxies with different bulge
luminosities or different black hole masses may be explained by this relation.
These results are consistent with some theoretical implications and are
important for understanding the nature of radio emissions and the formation and
evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76496 </DOCNO>
The Statistical Model of Hadrogenesis in A--A collisions from AGS to SPS


  We discuss experimental data on particle yields and particle spectra obtained
in heavy ion collisions in a very broad energy range from SIS/GSI through
AGS/BNL up to SPS/CERN and RHIC/BNL. We argue that in this broad energy range
hadronic yields and their ratios resemble a thermal equilibrium population
along a unified freeze--out curve determined by the condition of fixed
energy/particle = 1 GeV. At RHIC and top SPS, thermal parameters are consistent
within error with the critical conditions required for deconfinement. This,
together with the particular distribution of strangeness within a collision
fireball, could indicate that chemical equilibrium is a direct consequence of
parton to hadron transition, which populates a state of maximum entropy. At
lower energies equilibration in A--A collisions should appear through hadronic
interactions and rescatterings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97698 </DOCNO>
Computing the Frobenius-Schur indicator for abelian extensions of Hopf


  In this paper we show that for an important class of non-trivial Hopf
algebras, the Schur indicator is a computable invariant. The Hopf algebras we
consider are all abelian extensions; as a special case, they include the
Drinfeld double of a group algebra. In addition to finding a general formula
for the indicator, we also study when it is always positive. In particular we
prove that the indicator is always positive for the Drinfeld double of the
symmetric group, generalizing the classical result for the symmetric group
itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169460 </DOCNO>
Demonstration of the Complementarity of One- and Two-Photon Interference


  The visibilities of second-order (single-photon) and fourth-order
(two-photon) interference have been observed in a Young's double-slit
experiment using light generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion and
a photon-counting intensified CCD camera. Coherence and entanglement underlie
one-and two-photon interference, respectively. As the effective source size is
increased, coherence is diminished while entanglement is enhanced, so that the
visibility of single-photon interference decreases while that of two-photon
interference increases. This is the first experimental demonstration of the
complementarity between single- and two-photon interference (coherence and
entanglement) in the spatial domain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76861 </DOCNO>
MSSM Constraints from Higgs Boson Searches


  The LEP era has brought immense progress in searches for Higgs bosons over
the last 12 years which will guide searches at future colliders. The evolution
of the Higgs boson mass limits are reviewed with the focus on results from
general parameter scans in the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard
Model (MSSM) in contrast to the so-called benchmark limits. The hint for a
Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson of 115.6 GeV can also be interpreted as a
preference for a Higgs boson of that mass in the MSSM. Further small data
excesses allow the hypothesis that the neutral Higgs bosons of the MSSM all
have masses between 90 and 116 GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126316 </DOCNO>
A 3D time-dependent model for Galactic cosmic rays and gamma rays


  In studies of cosmic-ray (CR) propagation and diffuse continuum gamma-ray
emission from the Galaxy it has usually been assumed that the source function
can be taken as smooth and time-independent. However, especially for electrons
at high energies where energy losses are rapid, the effect of the stochastic
nature of the sources becomes apparent and indeed has been invoked to explain
the GeV excess in the diffuse emission observed by EGRET. In order to address
this problem in detail a model with explicit time-dependence and a stochastic
SNR population has been developed, which follows the propagation in three
dimensions. The results indicate that although the inhomogeneities are large
they are insufficient to easily explain the GeV excess. However the
fluctuations should show up in the gamma-ray distribution at high energies and
this should be observable with GLAST. Estimates of the TeV continuum emission
from the plane are consistent with the Whipple upper limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5435 </DOCNO>
Synchronous phase clustering in a network of neurons with spatially


  Synchronization is studied in a spatially-distributed network of
weekly-coupled, excitatory neurons of Hodgkin-Huxley type. All neurons are
coupled to each other synaptically with a fixed time delay and a coupling
strength inversely proportional to the distance between two neurons. We found
that a robust, noise-resistant phase clustering state occurred regardless of
the initial phase distribution. This has not been shown in previous studies
where similar clustering states were found only when the coupling was
inhibitory. The spatial distribution of neurons in each synchronous cluster is
determined by the spatial distribution of the coupling strength.
Phase-interaction properties of the model neurons in the network are used to
explain why can such a clustering state be robust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73447 </DOCNO>
Space-time evolution of the \lap model: classical and quantum aspects


  A time dependent variational approach is used to derive the equations of
motion for the \lambda \phi^4 model. The simultaneous evolution of the quantum
fluctuations and of the classical part of the field is considered in a lattice
of 1+1 dimensions. Different initial conditions corresponding to non
equilibrium situations are considered and evolved in time. Such high energy
localized configurations expand in the lattice by ``bumps'' which may change
with time. The quantum fluctuations make the peaks be smoother and the
expansion faster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124334 </DOCNO>
Accretion in stellar clusters and the IMF


  We present a simple physical mechanism that can account for the observed
stellar mass spectrum for masses $\ms \simgreat 0.5 \solm$. The model depends
solely on the competitive accretion that occurs in stellar clusters where each
star's accretion rate depends on the local gas density and the square of the
accretion radius. In a stellar cluster, there are two different regimes
depending on whether the gas or the stars dominate the gravitational potential.
When the cluster is dominated by cold gas, the accretion radius is given by a
tidal-lobe radius. This occurs as the cluster collapses towards a $\rho\propto
R^{-2}$ distribution. Accretion in this regime results in a mass spectrum with
an asymptotic limit of $\gamma=-3/2$ (where Salpeter is $\gamma=-2.35$). Once
the stars dominate the potential and are virialised, which occurs first in the
cluster core, the accretion radius is the Bondi-Hoyle radius. The resultant
mass spectrum has an asymptotic limit of $\gamma=-2$ with slightly steeper
slopes ($\gamma\approx-2.5$) if the stars are already mass-segr egated.
Simulations of accretion onto clusters containing 1000 stars show that as
expected, the low-mass stars accumulate the majority of their masses during the
gas dominated phase whereas the high-mass stars accumulate the majority of
their massed during the stellar dominated phase. This results in a mass
spectrum with a relatively shallow $\gamma\approx 3/2$ power-law for low-mass
stars and a steeper, power-law for high-mass stars $ -2.5\simless\gamma\le -2$.
This competitive accretion model also results in a mass segregated cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174857 </DOCNO>
Imaging Sources with Fast and Slow Emission Components


  We investigate two-proton correlation functions for reactions in which fast
dynamical and slow evaporative proton emission are both present. In such cases,
the width of the correlation peak provides the most reliable information about
the source size of the fast dynamical component. The maximum of the correlation
function is sensitive to the relative yields from the slow and fast emission
components. Numerically inverting the correlation function allows one to
accurately disentangle fast dynamical from slow evaporative emission and
extract details of the shape of the two-proton source.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168858 </DOCNO>
Quantum Logic for Trapped Atoms via Molecular Hyperfine Interactions


  We study the deterministic entanglement of a pair of neutral atoms trapped in
an optical lattice by coupling to excited-state molecular hyperfine potentials.
Information can be encoded in the ground-state hyperfine levels and processed
by bringing atoms together pair-wise to perform quantum logical operations
through induced electric dipole-dipole interactions. The possibility of
executing both diagonal and exchange type entangling gates is demonstrated for
two three-level atoms and a figure of merit is derived for the fidelity of
entanglement. The fidelity for executing a CPHASE gate is calculated for two
87Rb atoms, including hyperfine structure and finite atomic localization. The
main source of decoherence is spontaneous emission, which can be minimized for
interaction times fast compared to the scattering rate and for sufficiently
separated atomic wavepackets. Additionally, coherent couplings to states
outside the logical basis can be constrained by the state dependent trapping
potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129379 </DOCNO>
Evolution and Explosion of Very Massive Primordial Stars


  While the modern stellar IMF shows a rapid decline with increasing mass,
theoretical investigations suggest that very massive stars (>100 solar masses)
may have been abundant in the early universe. Other calculations also indicate
that, lacking metals, these same stars reach their late evolutionary stages
without appreciable mass loss. After central helium burning, they encounter the
electron-positron pair instability, collapse, and burn oxygen and silicon
explosively. If sufficient energy is released by the burning, these stars
explode as brilliant supernovae with energies up to 100 times that of an
ordinary core collapse supernova. They also eject up to 50 solar masses of
radioactive Ni56. Stars less massive than 140 solar masses or more massive than
260 solar masses should collapse into black holes instead of exploding, thus
bounding the pair-creation supernovae with regions of stellar mass that are
nucleosynthetically sterile. Pair-instability supernovae might be detectable in
the near infrared out to redshifts of 20 or more and their ashes should leave a
distinctive nucleosynthetic pattern.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149891 </DOCNO>
BPS D3-branes on smooth ALE manifolds


  In this talk I review the recent construction of a new family of classical
BPS solutions of type IIB supergravity describing 3-branes transverse to a
6-dimensional space with topology $\mathbb{R}^{2}\times$ALE. They are
characterized by a non-trivial flux of the supergravity 2-forms through the
homology 2-cycles of a generic smooth ALE manifold. These solutions have two
Killing spinors and thus preserve $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry. They are
expressed in terms of a quasi harmonic function $H$ (the ``warp factor''),
whose properties was studied in detail in the case of the simplest ALE, namely
the Eguchi-Hanson manifold. The equation for $H$ was identified as an instance
of the confluent Heun equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74654 </DOCNO>
Probes Of Universal Extra Dimensions at Colliders


  In the Universal Extra Dimensions model of Appelquist, Cheng and Dobrescu,
all of the Standard Model fields are placed in the bulk and thus have
Kaluza-Klein(KK) excitations. These KK states can only be pair produced at
colliders due to the tree-level conservation of KK number, with the lightest of
them being stable and possibly having a mass as low as $\simeq 350-400$ GeV.
After calculating the contribution to $g-2$ in this model we investigate the
production cross sections and signatures for these particles at both hadron and
lepton colliders. We demonstrate that these signatures critically depend upon
whether the lightest KK states remain stable or are allowed to decay by any of
a number of new physics mechanisms. These mechanisms which induce KK decays are
studied in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6793 </DOCNO>
Structure factor of dilute ring polymers


  We consider ring polymers in good solvents in the dilute limit. We determine
the structure factor and the monomer-monomer distribution function. We compute
accurately the asymptotic behavior of these functions for small and large
momenta and distances by using field-theoretical methods. Phenomenological
expressions with the correct asymptotic behaviors are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41863 </DOCNO>
The Higgs puzzle: experiment and theory


  The present experimental and theoretical knowledge of the physics of
electroweak symmetry breaking is reviewed. Data still favor a light Higgs
boson, of a kind that can be comfortably accommodated in the Standard Model or
in its Minimal Supersymmetric extension, but exhibit a non-trivial structure
that leaves some open questions. The available experimental information may
still be reconciled with the absence of a light Higgs boson, but the price to
pay looks excessive. Recent theoretical ideas, linking the weak scale with the
size of possible extra spatial dimensions, are briefly mentioned. It is
stressed once more that experiments at high-energy colliders, such as the
Tevatron and the LHC, are the crucial tool for eventually solving the Higgs
puzzle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76643 </DOCNO>
Limitations of B-meson mixing bounds on technicolor theories


  Recent work by Burdman, Lane, and Rador has shown that B-meson mixing places
stringent lower bounds on the masses of topgluons and Z' bosons in classic
topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models. This paper finds analogous limits
on the Z' bosons of flavor-universal TC2 and non-commuting extended technicolor
models, and compares the limits with those from precision electroweak
measurements. A discussion of the flavor structure of these models (contrasted
with that of classic TC2) shows that B-meson mixing is a less reliable probe of
these models than of classic TC2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86501 </DOCNO>
Gravitational Wave Emission From Core-Collapse of Massive Stars


  We derive estimates for the characteristics of gravitational radiation from
stellar collapse, using recent models of the core-collapse of Chandrasekhar
mass white dwarfs (accretion induced collapse), core-collapse supernovae and
collapsars, and the collapse of very massive stars (~> 300 Msun). We study
gravitational-wave emission mechanisms using several estimation techniques,
including two-dimensional numerical computation of quadrupole wave emission,
estimates of bar-mode strength, estimates of r-mode emission, and estimates of
waves from black hole ringing. We also review the rate at which the relevant
collapses are believed to occur, which has a major impact on their relevance as
astrophysical sources. Although the latest supernova progenitor simulations
produce cores rotating much slower than those used in the past, we find that
bar-mode and r-mode instabilities from core-collapse supernovae remain among
the leading candidate sources for LIGO-II. Accretion induced collapse (AIC) of
a white dwarf could produce gravitational-wave signals similar to those from
core-collapse. In the models that we examine, such collapses are not unstable
to bar modes; we note that models recently examined by Liu and Lindblom, which
have slightly more angular momentum, are certainly unstable to bar formation.
Because AIC events are probably 1,000 times less common than core-collapse
supernovae, the typical AIC event will be much further away, and thus the
observed waves will be much weaker. In the most optimistic circumstances, we
find it may be possible to detect gravitational waves from the collapse of 300
Msun Population III stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73039 </DOCNO>
Hadronic Light-Front Wavefunctions and QCD Phenomenology


  A fundamental goal in QCD is to understand the non-perturbative structure of
hadrons at the amplitude level--not just the single-particle flavor, momentum,
and helicity distributions of the quark constituents, but also the multi-quark,
gluonic, and hidden-color correlations intrinsic to hadronic and nuclear
wavefunctions. A natural calculus for describing the bound-state structure of
relativistic composite systems in quantum field theory is the light-front Fock
expansion which encodes the properties of a hadrons in terms of a set of
frame-independent n-particle wavefunctions. Light-front quantization in the
doubly-transverse light-cone gauge has a number of remarkable advantages,
including explicit unitarity, a physical Fock expansion, the absence of ghost
degrees of freedom, and the decoupling properties needed to prove factorization
theorems in high momentum transfer inclusive and exclusive reactions. A number
of applications are discussed in these lectures, including semileptonic B
decays, two-photon exclusive reactions, and deeply virtual Compton scattering.
The relation of the intrinsic sea to the light-front wavefunctions is
discussed. A new type of jet production reaction, "self-resolving diffractive
interactions" can provide direct information on the light-front wavefunctions
of hadrons in terms of their quark and gluon degrees of freedom as well as the
composition of nuclei in terms of their nucleon and mesonic degrees of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86496 </DOCNO>
Some Aspects of the de Sitter/CFT Correspondence


  We discuss several aspects of the proposed correspondence between quantum
gravity on de Sitter spaces and Euclidean conformal field theories. The central
charge appearing in the asymptotic symmetry algebra of three-dimensional de
Sitter space is derived both from the conformal anomaly and the transformation
law of the CFT stress tensor when going from dS_3 in planar coordinates to dS_3
with cosmological horizon. The two-point correlator for CFT operators coupling
to bulk scalars is obtained in static coordinates, corresponding to a CFT on a
cylinder. Correlation functions are also computed for CFTs on two-dimensional
hyperbolic space. We furthermore determine the energy momentum tensor and the
Casimir energy of the conformal field theory dual to the Schwarzschild-de
Sitter solution in five dimensions. Requiring the pressure to be positive
yields an upper bound for the black hole mass, given by the mass of the Nariai
solution. Beyond that bound, which is similar to the one found by Strominger
requiring the conformal weights of CFT operators to be real, one encounters
naked singularities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129502 </DOCNO>
Photometric variability in the open cluster M67 I. Cluster members


  We study photometric variability among the optical counterparts of X-ray
sources in the old open cluster M67. The two puzzling binaries below the giant
branch are both variables: for S1113 the photometric period is compatible with
the orbital period, S1063 either varies on a period longer than the orbital
period, or does not vary periodically. For the spectroscopic binaries S999,
S1070 and S1077 the photometric and orbital periods are similar. Another new
periodic variable is the main-sequence star S1112, not known to be a binary. An
increase of the photometric period in the WUMa system S1282 (AHCnc) is in
agreement with a previously reported trend. Six of the eight variables we
detected are binaries with orbital periods of 10 days or less and equal
photometric and orbital periods. This confirms the interpretation that their
X-ray emission arises in the coronae of tidally locked magnetically active
stars. No variability was found for the binaries with orbital periods longer
than 40 days; their X-ray emission remains to be explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5030 </DOCNO>
Sidechain Dynamics and Protein Folding


  The processes by which protein sidechains reach equilibrium during a folding
reaction are investigated using both lattice and all-atom simulations. We find
that rates of sidechain relaxation exhibit a distribution over the protein
structure, with the fastest relaxing sidechains being involved in kinetically
important positions. Traversal of the major folding transition state
corresponds to the freezing of a small number of residues, while the rest of
the chain proceeds towards equilibrium via backbone fluctuations around the
native fold. The post-nucleation processes by which sidechains relax are
characterized by very slow dynamics, and many barrier crossings, and thus
resemble the behavior of a glass. At optimal temperature, however, the
nucleated ensemble is energetically very close to equilibrium; slow relaxation
is still observed. At lower temperatures, sidechain relaxation becomes a
significant and very noticeable part of the folding reaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76527 </DOCNO>
The underlying event in jet and minimum bias events at the Tevatron


  We describe a study of the underlying event in jet and minimum bias events
using data from the CDF detector. The underlying event contribution to the jet
energy has been calculated in jet events and compared to the results of two
Monte Carlo programs: Herwig and Pythia. The analysis has been carried out at
two different center of mass energies: $\sqrt{s}=$1800 and 630 GeV. For most
observables, good agreement is obtained with at least one of the Monte Carlo
programs. Neither program describes all features of the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3236 </DOCNO>
Extremum statistics: A framework for data analysis


  Recent work has suggested that in highly correlated systems, such as
sandpiles, turbulent fluids, ignited trees in forest fires and magnetization in
a ferromagnet close to a critical point, the probability distribution of a
global quantity (i.e. total energy dissipation, magnetization and so forth)
that has been normalized to the first two moments follows a specific non
Gaussian curve. This curve follows a form suggested by extremum statistics,
which is specified by a single parameter a (a=1 corresponds to the
Fisher-Tippett Type I ("Gumbel") distribution.) Here, we present a framework
for testing for extremal statistics in a global observable. In any given
system, we wish to obtain a in order to distinguish between the different
Fisher-Tippett asymptotes, and to compare with the above work. The
normalizations of the extremal curves are obtained as a function of a. We find
that for realistic ranges of data, the various extremal distributions when
normalized to the first two moments are difficult to distinguish. In addition,
the convergence to the limiting extremal distributions for finite datasets is
both slow and varies with the asymptote. However, when the third moment is
expressed as a function of a this is found to be a more sensitive method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1724 </DOCNO>
Quantum Hall Stripe States in a Tilted Magnetic Field


  A strong anisotropy in the longitudinal resistivity of a 2D electron system
has been observed at half-filled high Landau levels. We report on detailed
Hartree-Fock calculations of the unidirectional charge density wave (UCDW)
orientation energy induced by a tilted magnetic field. We find that stripes can
orient both parallel or perpendicular to the in-plane field depending on the
sample parameters and field strength. The close agreement between complex
experimental data on different sample geometries and our theoretical results
strongly support the UCDW picture as the origin of the observed anisotropies in
high Landau levels.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126542 </DOCNO>
The dynamics of the dE galaxy FS76 : bridging the kinematic dichotomy


  We present major and minor axis kinematics out to 2 half-light radii for the
bright (M_B=-16.7) dwarf elliptical FS76, a member of the NGC5044 group. Its
velocity dispersion is 46 \pm 2 km/s in the center and rises to 70 \pm 10 km/s
at half-light radius. Beyond 1R_e the dispersion starts to fall again. The
maximum rotation velocity is 15 \pm 6 km/s, about the value expected for an
oblate isotropic rotator with the same flattening as FS76 (dE1). Hence, FS76 is
the first dE discovered so far that is not flattened predominantly by
anisotropy. Using dynamical models, we estimate the mass-to-light ratio to be
between 3.2 and 9.1, consistent with predictions based on CDM cosmological
scenarios for galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4617 </DOCNO>
Prediction of Orbital Ordering in Single-Layered Ruthenates


  The key role of the orbital degree of freedom to understand the magnetic
properties of layered ruthenates is here discussed. In the G-type
antiferromagnetic phase of Ca$_2$RuO$_4$, recent X-ray experiments reported the
presence of 0.5 hole per site in the $d_{xy}$ orbital, while the $d_{\rm yz}$
and $d_{zx}$ orbitals contain 1.5 holes. This unexpected $t_{2g}$ hole
distribution is explained by a novel state with orbital ordering (OO),
stabilized by a combination of Coulomb interactions and lattice distortions. In
addition, the rich phase diagram presented here suggests the possibility of
large magnetoresistance effects, and predicts a new ferromagnetic OO phase in
ruthenates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86866 </DOCNO>
The Lemaitre-Schwarzschild Problem Revisited


  The Lemaitre and Schwarzschild analytical solutions for a relativistic
spherical body of constant density are linked together through the use of the
Weyl quadratic invariant. The critical radius for gravitational collapse of an
incompressible fluid is shown to vary continuously from 9/8 of the
Schwarzschild radius to the Schwarzschild radius itself while the internal
pressures become locally anisotropic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127407 </DOCNO>
Lens magnification by CL0024+1654 in the U and R band


  [ABRIDGED] We estimate the total mass distribution of the galaxy cluster
CL0024+1654 from the measured source depletion due to lens magnification in the
R band. Within a radius of 0.54Mpc/h, a total projected mass of
(8.1+/-3.2)*10^14 M_sol/h (EdS) is measured, which corresponds to a mass-
to-light ratio of M/L(B)=470+/-180. We compute the luminosity function of
CL0024+1654 in order to estimate contamination of the background source counts
from cluster galaxies. Three different magnification-based reconstruction
methods are employed using both local and non-local techniques. We have
modified the standard single power-law slope number count theory to incorporate
a break and applied this to our observations. Fitting analytical magnification
profiles of different cluster models to the observed number counts, we find
that the cluster is best described either by a NFW model with scale radius
r_s=334+/-191 kpc/h and normalisation kappa_s=0.23+/-0.08 or a power-law
profile with slope xi=0.61+/-0.11, central surface mass density
kappa_0=1.52+/-0.20 and assuming a core radius of r_core=35 kpc/h. The NFW
model predicts that the cumulative projected mass contained within a radius R
scales as M(<R)=2.9*10^14*(R/1')^[1.3-0.5lg (R/1')] M_sol/h. Finally, we have
exploited the fact that flux magnification effectively enables us to probe
deeper than the physical limiting magnitude of our observations in searching
for a change of slope in the U band number counts. We rule out both a total
flattening of the counts with a break up to U_AB<=26.6 and a change of slope,
reported by some studies, from dlog N/dm=0.4->0.15 up to U_AB<=26.4 with 95%
confidence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 473 </DOCNO>
Transverse electrokinetic and microfluidic effects in micro-patterned


  Off-diagonal (transverse) effects in micro-patterned geometries are predicted
and analyzed within the general frame of linear response theory, relating
applied presure gradient and electric field to flow and electric current. These
effects could contribute to the design of pumps, mixers or flow detectors.
Shape and charge density modulations are proposed as a means to obtain sizeable
transverse effects, as demonstrated by focusing on simple geometries and using
the lubrication approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149544 </DOCNO>
Harrison Cohomology and Abelian Deformation Quantization on Algebraic


  Abelian deformations of ordinary algebras of functions are studied. The role
of Harrison cohomology in classifying such deformations is illustrated in the
context of simple examples chosen for their relevance to physics. It is well
known that Harrison cohomology is trivial on smooth manifolds and that,
consequently, abelian *-products on such manifolds are trivial to first order
in the deformation parameter. The subject is nevertheless interesting; first
because varieties with singularities appear in the physical context and
secondly, because deformations that are trivial to first order are not always
(indeed not usually) trivial as exact deformations. We investigate cones, to
illustrate the situation on algebraic varieties, and we point out that the
coordinate algebra on (anti-) de Sitter space is a nontrivial deformation of
the coordinate algebra on Minkowski space -- although both spaces are smooth
manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6459 </DOCNO>
Jordan-Wigner fermions and the spin-1/2 anisotropic XY model on a square


  Using the two-dimensional Jordan-Wigner fermionization we calculate the
thermodynamic quantities of the (spatially anisotropic) square-lattice spin-1/2
anisotropic XY (XZ) model. We compare the results of different approaches for
the ground-state and thermodynamic properties of the model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169049 </DOCNO>
Simulating Hamiltonians in Quantum Networks: Efficient Schemes and


  We address the problem of simulating pair-interaction Hamiltonians in n node
quantum networks where the subsystems have arbitrary, possibly different,
dimensions. We show that any pair-interaction can be used to simulate any other
by applying sequences of appropriate local control sequences. Efficient schemes
for decoupling and time reversal can be constructed from orthogonal arrays.
Conditions on time optimal simulation are formulated in terms of spectral
majorization of matrices characterizing the coupling parameters. Moreover, we
consider a specific system of n harmonic oscillators with bilinear interaction.
In this case, decoupling can efficiently be achieved using the combinatorial
concept of difference schemes. For this type of interactions we present optimal
schemes for inversion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86977 </DOCNO>
Close limit evolution of Kerr-Schild type initial data for binary black


  We evolve the binary black hole initial data family proposed by Bishop {\em
et al.} in the limit in which the black holes are close to each other. We
present an exact solution of the linearized initial value problem based on
their proposal and make use of a recently introduced generalized formalism for
studying perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes in arbitrary coordinates to
perform the evolution. We clarify the meaning of the free parameters of the
initial data family through the results for the radiated energy and waveforms
from the black hole collision.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148704 </DOCNO>
Boundary scattering, symmetric spaces and the principal chiral model on


  We investigate integrable boundary conditions (BCs) for the principal chiral
model on the half-line, and rational solutions of the boundary Yang-Baxter
equation (BYBE). In each case we find a connection with (type I, Riemannian,
globally) symmetric spaces G/H: there is a class of integrable BCs in which the
boundary field is restricted to lie in a coset of H; these BCs are parametrized
by G/H x G/H; there are rational solutions of the BYBE in the defining
representations of all classical G parametrized by G/H; and using these we
propose boundary S-matrices for the principal chiral model, parametrized by G/H
x G/H, which correspond to our boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179655 </DOCNO>
Deuteron Compton Scattering in Chiral Perturbation Theory


  Compton scattering on the deuteron is studied in the framework of baryon
chiral perturbation theory to third order in small momenta, for photon energies
of order the pion mass. The scattering amplitude is a sum of one- and
two-nucleon mechanisms with no undetermined parameters. Our results are in good
agreement with the intermediate energy experimental data, and a comparison is
made with the recent higher-energy data obtained at SAL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72799 </DOCNO>
Reheating-temperature independence of cosmological baryon asymmetry in


  In this paper we point out that the cosmological baryon asymmetry in our
universe is generated almost independently of the reheating temperature $T_R$
in Affleck-Dine leptogenesis and it is determined mainly by the mass of the
lightest neutrino, $m_{\nu_1}$, in a wide range of the reheating temperature
$T_R\simeq 10^5$--$10^{12}$ GeV. The present baryon asymmetry predicts the
$m_{\nu_1}$ in a narrow region, $m_{\nu_1}\simeq (0.3$--$1)\times 10^{-9}$ eV.
Such a small mass of the lightest neutrino leads to a high predictability on
the mass parameter $m_{\nu_e \nu_e}$ contributing to the neutrinoless double
beta decay. We also propose an explicit model in which such an ultralight
neutrino can be naturally obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168101 </DOCNO>
The EPR Experiment: A Prelude to Bohr's Reply to EPR


  Recent work on Bohr's reply to EPR has helped improve our understanding of
Bohr's reply, but further work is needed. In this paper I do two things towards
that end. First, I make some elementary points about EPR's argument, which help
to clear the air of some minor criticisms of Bohr's reply. Second, I argue that
Bohr's thought experiment is a reasonable realization of EPR's argument, and I
briefly suggest how to understand that experiment. I finish with a brief remark
about Bohm's version of the experiment, and its relation to Bohr's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85870 </DOCNO>
Using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for estimating parameters with


  We present a Bayesian approach to the problem of determining parameters for
coalescing binary systems observed with laser interferometric detectors. By
applying a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm, specifically the Gibbs
sampler, we demonstrate the potential that MCMC techniques may hold for the
computation of posterior distributions of parameters of the binary system that
created the gravity radiation signal. We describe the use of the Gibbs sampler
method, and present examples whereby signals are detected and analyzed from
within noisy data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5105 </DOCNO>
Tunnel splitting and quantum phase interference in biaxial ferrimagnetic


  The tunneling splitting in biaxial ferrimagnetic particles at excited states
with an explicit calculation of the prefactor of exponent is obtained in terms
of periodic instantons which are responsible for tunneling at excited states
and is shown as a function of magnetic field applied along an arbitrary
direction in the plane of hard and medium axes. Using complex time
path-integral we demonstrate the oscillation of tunnel splitting with respect
to the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field due to the quantum
phase interference of two tunneling paths of opposite windings . The
oscillation is gradually smeared and in the end the tunnel splitting
monotonously increases with the magnitude of the magnetic field when the
direction of the magnetic field tends to the medium axis. The oscillation
behavior is similar to the recent experimental observation with Fe$_8$
molecular clusters. A candidate of possible experiments to observe the effect
of quantum phase interference in the ferrimagnetic particles is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169310 </DOCNO>
On the Irresistible Efficiency of Signal Processing Methods in Quantum


  We show that many well-known signal transforms allow highly efficient
realizations on a quantum computer. We explain some elementary quantum circuits
and review the construction of the Quantum Fourier Transform. We derive quantum
circuits for the Discrete Cosine and Sine Transforms, and for the Discrete
Hartley transform. We show that at most O(log^2 N) elementary quantum gates are
necessary to implement any of those transforms for input sequences of length N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149080 </DOCNO>
Superconformal Symmetry in 11D Superspace and the M-Theory Effective


  We establish a theorem about non-trivial 11D supergravity fluctuations that
are conformally related to flat superspace geometry. Under the assumption that
a theory of conformal 11D supergravity exists, similar in form to that of
previously constructed theories in lower dimensions, this theorem demands the
appearance of non-vanishing dimension 1/2 torsion tensors in order to
accommodate a non-trivial 11D conformal compensator and thus M-theory
corrections that break super-conformal symmetry. At the complete non-linear
level, a presentation of a conventional minimal superspace realization of Weyl
symmetry in eleven dimensional superspace is also described. All of our results
taken together imply that there exists some realization of conformal symmetry
relevant for the M-theory effective action. We thus led to conjecture this is
also true for the full and complete M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179096 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of $\phi$ mesons in Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV/c


  Using a hadron-string cascade model LUCIAE, the $\phi$ meson production in
heavy ion collisions (Pb+Pb) and elementary collisions (p+p) were studied
systematically. Within the framework of the model, the experimentally measured
$\phi$ enhancement in Pb+Pb over p+p collisions can be mostly explained by the
collective effects in the gluon string emission and the reduction of the
s-quark suppression.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73482 </DOCNO>
Baryon Number Transfer in Hadronic Interaction


  The process of baryon number transfer due to string junction propagation in
rapidity is considered. It has a significant effect in the net baryon
production in $pp$ collisions at mid-rapidities and an even larger effect in
the forward hemisphere in the cases of $\pi p$ and $\gamma p$ interactions. The
results of numerical calculations in the framework of the Quark-Gluon String
model are in reasonable agreement with the data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127542 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Cosmic Equation of State with Counts of Galaxies II: Error


  In a previous paper, we described a new variant on the classical dN/dz test
which could be performed using upcoming redshift surveys. By observing the
velocity function of galaxies rather than their luminosity function, it is
possible to avoid many of the uncertainties of galaxy evolution while employing
a directly measurable quantity. We previously assumed that counting statistics
would dominate the errors in this method. Here, we present the results of
including cosmic variance and determine the impact of systematic effects on
application of this test to the upcoming DEEP2 Redshift Survey. For DEEP2,
cosmic variance should yield errors roughly twice those predicted from Poisson
statistics. Through Monte Carlo simulations we find that if the functional
form, but not the strength, of any of the major systematic effects (baryonic
infall, velocity errors, and incompleteness) is known, the systematic may
successfully be corrected for using the observed velocity function, leaving a
much smaller residual error. The total uncertainty from systematics is
comparable to that from cosmic variance, but correlated amongst redshift bins.
We find that DEEP2 can provide a much more precise measurement of the cosmic
equation of state parameter w than any available today, albeit weaker than some
other proposed tests.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1125 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetically coupled alternating spin chains


  The effect of antiferromagnetic interchain coupling in alternating spin
(1,1/2) chains is studied by mean of a spin wave theory and density matrix
renormalization group (DMRG). In particular, two limiting cases are
investigated, the two-leg ladder and its two dimensional (2D) generalization.
Results of the ground state properties like energy, spin gap, magnetizations,
and correlation functions are reported for the whole range of the interchain
coupling $J_{\perp}$. For the 2D case the spin wave results predict a smooth
dimensional crossover from 1D to 2D keeping the ground state always ordered.
For the ladder system, the DMRG results show that any $J_{\perp}>0$ drives the
system to a gapped ground state. Furthermore the behaviour of the correlation
functions closely resemble the uniform spin-1/2 ladder. For $J_{\perp}$ lower
than 0.3, however, the gap behaves quadratically as $\Delta\sim0.6
J^2_{\perp}$. Finally, it is argued that the behaviour of the spin gap for an
arbitrary number of mixed coupled spin chains is analogous to that of the
uniform spin-1/2 chains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1176 </DOCNO>
Coulomb Explosion and Thermal Spikes


  A fast ion penetrating a solid creates a track of excitations. This can
produce displacements seen as an etched track, a process initially used to
detect energetic particles but now used to alter materials. From the seminal
papers by Fleischer et al. [Phys. Rev. 156, 353 (1967)] to the present [C.
Trautmann, S. Klaumunzer and H. Trinkaus, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3648 (2000)],
`Coulomb explosion' and thermal spike models are treated as conflicting models
for describing ion track effects. Here molecular dynamics simulations of
electronic-sputtering, a surface manifestation of ion track formation, show
that `Coulomb explosion' produces a `heat' spike so that these are early and
late aspects of the same process. Therefore, differences in scaling are due to
the use of incomplete spike models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114346 </DOCNO>
EPICS for PDAs


  With the advent of readily available wireless communications and small
hand-held computers, commonly known as personal digital assistants (PDAs), it
is interesting to consider using these portable devices to access a control
system. We have successfully ported the Experimental Physics and Industrial
Control System (EPICS) to Windows CE 3.0 (WCE) for the Pocket PC (PPC), and
this paper describes the issues involved. The PPC was chosen because the WCE
application programming interface (API) for the PPC is a subset of the Win32
API, which EPICS already supports, and because PPC devices tend to have more
memory than other PDAs. PDAs provide several ways to connect to a network,
using wired or wireless Compact Flash or PCMCIA Ethernet cards and modems. It
is the recent advent of readily available wireless networks that makes using
the portable PDA interesting. The status and issues surrounding the various
kinds of wireless systems available are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128109 </DOCNO>
Coupling Chemical Evolution with SPH


  We present a new statistical algorithm of Chemical Evolution implemented into
the Tree-SPH code developed by Lia & Carraro (2000 MNRAS 314, 145).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41335 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Ab_FB using inclusive b-hadron decays


  Based on a sample of four million events collected by ALEPH from 1991 to
1995, a measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry in Z -> b-barb decays
using inclusive final states is presented. High-performance tagging of b-barb
events in a wide angular range is achieved using neural network techniques. An
optimal hemisphere charge estimator is built by merging primary and secondary
vertex information, leading kaon identification and jet charge in a neural
network. The average charge asymmetry, the flavour tagging efficiencies and
mean b-hemisphere charges are measured from data and used to extract the pole b
asymmetry in the Standard Model A^{0,b}_{FB} = 0.1009 +- 0.0027 (stat) +-
0.0015 (syst), corresponding to a value of the effective weak mixing angle of
sin^2(theta_W^{eff}) = 0.23193 +- 0.00056.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76966 </DOCNO>
Dynamical Stability of Six-Dimensional Warped Brane-Worlds


  We study a generalization of the Randall-Sundrum mechanism for generating the
weak/Planck hierarchy, which uses two rather than one warped extra dimension,
and which requires no negative tension branes. A 4-brane with one exponentially
large compact dimension plays the role of the Planck brane. We investigate the
dynamical stability with respect to graviton, graviphoton and radion modes. The
radion is shown to have a tachyonic instability for certain models of the
4-brane stress-energy, while it is stable in others, and massless in a special
case. If stable, its mass is in the milli-eV range, for parameters of the model
which solve the hierarchy problem. The radion is shown to couple to matter with
gravitational strength, so that it is potentially detectable by
submillimeter-range gravity experiments. The radion mass can be increased using
a bulk scalar field in the manner of Goldberger and Wise, but only to order
MeV, due to the effect of the large extra dimension. The model predicts a
natural scale of 10^{13} GeV on the 4-brane, making it a natural setting for
inflation from the ultraviolet brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40791 </DOCNO>
Muon g-2, Dark Matter Detection and Accelerator Physics


  We examine the recently observed deviation of the muon g - 2 from the
Standard Model prediction within the framework of gravity mediated SUGRA models
with R parity invariance. Universal soft breaking (mSUGRA) models, and models
with non-universal Higgs and third generation squark/slepton masses at M_G are
considered. All relic density constraints from stau-neutralino co-annihilation
and large \tan\beta NLO corrections for b \to s\gamma decay are included, and
we consider two possibilities for the light Higgs: m_h > 114 GeV and m_h > 120
GeV. The combined m_h, b \to s\gamma and a_{\mu} bounds give rise to lower
bounds on \tan\beta and m_{1/2}, while the lower bound on a_{\mu} gives rise to
an upper bounds on m_{1/2}. These bounds are sensitive to A_0, e.g. for m_h >
114 GeV, the 95% C.L. is \tan\beta > 7(5) for A_0 = 0(-4m_{1/2}), and for m_h >
120 GeV, \tan\beta > 15(10). The positive sign of the a_{\mu} deviation implies
\mu > 0, eliminating the extreme cancellations in the dark matter
neutralino-proton detection cross section so that almost all the SUSY parameter
space should be accessible to future planned detectors. Most of the allowed
parts of parameter space occur in the co-annihilation region where m_0 is
strongly correlated with m_{1/2}. The lower bound on a_{\mu} then greatly
reduces the allowed parameter space. Thus using 90% C. L. bounds on a_{\mu} we
find for A_0 = 0 that \tan\beta \geq 10 and for \tan\beta \leq 40 that m_{1/2}
= (290 - 550) GeV and m_0 = (70 - 300) GeV. Then the tri-lepton signal and
other SUSY signals would be beyond the Tevatron Run II (except for the light
Higgs), only the \tilde{\tau}_1 and h and (and for part of the parameter space)
the \tilde{e}_1 will be accessible to a 500 GeV NLC, while the LHC would be
able to see the full SUSY mass spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127657 </DOCNO>
A Faint Star-Forming System Viewed Through the Lensing Cluster Abell


  We discuss the physical nature of a remarkably faint pair of Lyman
alpha-emitting images discovered close to the giant cD galaxy in the lensing
cluster Abell 2218 (z=0.18) during a systematic survey for highly-magnified
star-forming galaxies beyond z=5. A well-constrained mass model suggests the
pair arises via a gravitationally-lensed source viewed at high magnification.
Keck spectroscopy confirms the lensing hypothesis and implies the unlensed
source is a very faint (I~30) compact (<150 pc) and isolated object at z=5.576
whose optical emission is substantially contained within the Lyman alpha
emission line; no stellar continuum is detectable. The available data suggest
the source is a promising candidate for an isolated ~10^6 solar mass system
seen producing its first generation of stars close to the epoch of
reionization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124668 </DOCNO>
High Energy Spectral Components in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows


  We investigate two high energy radiation mechanisms, the proton synchrotron
and the electron inverse Compton emission, and explore their possible
signatures in the broad-band spectra and in the keV to GeV light curves of
gamma-ray burst afterglows. We develop a simple analytical approach, allowing
also for the effects of photon-photon pair production, and explore the
conditions under which one or the other of these components dominates. We
identify three parameter space regions where different spectral components
dominate: (I) a region where the proton synchrotron and other hadron-related
emission components dominate, which is small; (II) a region where the electron
inverse Compton component dominates, which is substantial; (III) a third
substantial region where electron synchrotron dominates. We discuss the
prospects and astrophysical implications of directly detecting the inverse
Compton and the proton high energy components in various bands, in particular
in the GeV band with future missions such as GLAST, and in the X-ray band with
Chandra. We find that regime II parameter space is the most favorable regime
for high energy emission. The inverse Compton component is detectable by GLAST
within hours for bursts at typical cosmological distances, and by Chandra in
days if the ambient density is high.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127380 </DOCNO>
The Ionization and Metallicity of the Intervening O VI Absorber at z =


  We use high-resolution UV spectra of the radio-quiet QSO H1821+643 (z_em =
0.297), obtained with STIS and FUSE, to study the ionization and metallicity of
an intervening O VI absorption line system at z(abs) = 0.1212. This absorber
has the following notable properties: (1) Several galaxies are close to the
sight line at the absorber redshift, including an actively star-forming galaxy
at a projected distance of 144 kpc. (2) There is a complex cluster of H I lya
absorption lines near the O VI redshift, including at least five components
spread over a velocity range of ~700 km/s . (3) The strongest lya line in the
cluster appears to be composed of a mildly saturated component with a typical
b-value blended with a broad component with b = 85 km/s . (4) The O VI
absorption is not aligned with the strongest H I absorption, but instead is
well-aligned with the broad component. (5) The only detected species (>4sigma)
are O VI and H I despite coverage of strong transitions of other abundant
elements. Based on these constraints, we find that the absorption line
properties can be produced in collisionally ionized gas with roughly 5.3 < log
T < 5.6 and -1.8 < [O/H] < -0.6. However, we find that photoionization is also
viable if the pathlength l through the absorbing gas is long enough; simple
photoionization models require 85 < l < 1900 kpc and -1.1 < [O/H] < -0.3. We
briefly discuss how observations of X-ray absorption lines due to O VII and O
VIII could be used, in principle, to break the ionization mechanism degeneracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4833 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of Two Dimensional Magnetic Nanoparticles


  A two dimensional magnetic particle in the presence of an external magnetic
field is studied. Equilibrium thermodynamical properties are derived by
evaluating analytically the partition function. When the external field is
applied perpendicular to the anisotropy axis the system exhibits a second order
phase transition with order parameter being the magnetization parallel to the
field. In this case the system is isomorph to a mechanical system consisting in
a particle moving without friction in a circle rotating about its vertical
diameter. Contrary to a paramagnetic particle, equilibrium magnetization shows
a maximum at finite temperature. We also show that uniaxial anisotropy in a
system of noninteracting particles can be missinterpreted as a ferromagnetic or
antiferromagnetic coupling among the magnetic particles depending on the angle
between anisotropy axis and magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97753 </DOCNO>
Dunkl operators for complex reflection groups


  Dunkl operators for complex reflection groups are defined in this paper.
These commuting operators give rise to a parametrized family of deformations of
the polynomial De Rham complex. This leads to the study of the polynomial ring
as a module over the "rational Cherednik algebra", and a natural contravariant
form on this module. In the case of the imprimitive complex reflection groups
G(m,p,N), the set of singular parameters in the parameter family of these
structures is described explicitly, using the theory of nonsymmetric Jack
polynomials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74549 </DOCNO>
Bounds on the Higgs-Boson Mass in the Presence of Non-Standard


  The triviality and vacuum stability bounds on the Higgs-boson mass are
revisited in the presence of new interactions parameterized in a
model-independent way by an effective lagrangian. When the scale of new physics
is below 50 TeV the triviality bound is unchanged but the stability lower bound
is increased by 40-60 GeV. Should the Higgs-boson mass be close to its current
lower experimental limit, this leads to the possibility of new physics at the
scale of a few TeV, even for modest values of the effective lagrangian
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114377 </DOCNO>
Design of the MPRI Control System


  The Indiana University Cyclotron Facility (IUCF) is in the process of
building the Midwest Proton Radiation Institute (MPRI). This involves
refurbishing the 200MeV cyclotron and building new facilities for the purpose
of providing clinical treatment of human cancer tumors. First patients are
expected in the Spring of 2003. This paper presents the design and
implementation to date of the controls, hardware and software, for both
accelerator and treatment areas. Particular attention is placed on issues of
personnel safety and control system security, development of inexpensive VMEbus
boards with emphasis on the use of MicroChip PIC processors, beam diagnostics
and monitoring and the use of commercial robots and vision systems for patient
positioning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5181 </DOCNO>
Niobium based intermetallics as a source of high-current/high-magnetic


  The article is focused on low temperature intermetallic A15 superconducting
wires development for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, NMR, and Nuclear Magnetic
Imaging, MRI, magnets and also on cryogen-free magnets. There are many other
applications which would benefit from new development such as future Large
Hadron Collider to be built from A15 intermetallic conductors. This paper
highlights the current status of development of the niobium based
intermetallics with special attention to Nb 3 (Al 1-x, Ge x). Discussion is
focused on the materials science aspects of conductor manufacture, such as
b-phase (A15) formation, with particular emphasis on the maximisation of the
superconducting parameters, such as critical current density, Jc, critical
temperature, Tc, and upper critical field, Hc2 . Many successful manufacturing
techniques of the potential niobium-aluminide intermetallic superconducting
conductors, such as solid-state processing, liquid-solid processing, rapid
heating/cooling processes, are described, compared and assessed. Special
emphasis has been laid on conditions under which the Jc (B) peak effect occurs
in some of the Nb3(Al,Ge) wires. A novel electrodeoxidizing method developed in
Cambridge whereby the alloys and intermetallics are produced cheaply making all
superconducting electromagnetic devices, using low cost LTCs, more cost
effective is presented.This new technique has potential to revolutionise the
existing superconducting industry enabling reduction of cost orders of
magnitude.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168675 </DOCNO>
Recoherence in the entanglement dynamics and classical orbits in the


  The rise in linear entropy of a subsystem in the N-atom Jaynes-Cummings model
is shown to be strongly influenced by the shape of the classical orbits of the
underlying classical phase space: we find a one-to-one correspondence between
maxima (minima) of the linear entropy and maxima (minima) of the expectation
value of atomic excitation J_z. Since the expectation value of this operator
can be viewed as related to the orbit radius in the classical phase space
projection associated to the atomic degree of freedom, the proximity of the
quantum wave packet to this atomic phase space borderline produces a maximum
rate of entanglement. The consequence of this fact for initial conditions
centered at periodic orbits in regular regions is a clear periodic recoherence.
For chaotic situations the same phenomenon (proximity of the atomic phase space
borderline) is in general responsible for oscillations in the entanglement
properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98325 </DOCNO>
Differential Calculi over Quantum Groups and Twisted Cyclic Cocycles


  We study some aspects of the theory of non-commutative differential calculi
over complex algebras, especially over the Hopf algebras associated to compact
quantum groups in the sense of S.L. Woronowicz. Our principal emphasis is on
the theory of twisted graded traces and their associated twisted cyclic
cocycles. One of our principal results is a new method of constructing
differential calculi, using twisted graded traces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87124 </DOCNO>
(1+3) Covariant Dynamics of Scalar Perturbations in Braneworlds


  We discuss the dynamics of linear, scalar perturbations in an almost
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker braneworld cosmology of Randall-Sundrum type II
using the 1+3 covariant approach. We derive a complete set of frame-independent
equations for the total matter variables, and a partial set of equations for
the non-local variables which arise from the projection of the Weyl tensor in
the bulk. The latter equations are incomplete since there is no propagation
equation for the non-local anisotropic stress. We supplement the equations for
the total matter variables with equations for the independent constituents in a
cold dark matter cosmology, and provide solutions in the high and low-energy
radiation-dominated phase under the assumption that the non-local anisotropic
stress vanishes. These solutions reveal the existence of new modes arising from
the two additional non-local degrees of freedom. Our solutions should prove
useful in setting up initial conditions for numerical codes aimed at exploring
the effect of braneworld corrections on the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
power spectrum. As a first step in this direction, we derive the covariant form
of the line of sight solution for the CMB temperature anisotropies in
braneworld cosmologies, and discuss possible mechanisms by which braneworld
effects may remain in the low-energy universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150283 </DOCNO>
Comments on D-branes in Kazama-Suzuki models and Landau-Ginzburg


  We study D-branes in Kazama-Suzuki models by means of the boundary state
description. We can identify the boundary states of Kazama-Suzuki models with
the solitons in N=2 Landau-Ginzburg theories. We also propose a geometrical
interpretation of the boundary states in Kazama-Suzuki models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75402 </DOCNO>
Six-dimensional Abelian vortices with quadratic curvature


  Six-dimensional Nielsen-Olesen vortices are analyzed in the context of a
quadratic gravity theory containing Euler-Gauss-Bonnet self-interactions. The
relations among the string tensions can be tuned in such a way that the
obtained solutions lead to warped compactification on the vortex. New regular
solutions are possible in comparison with the case where the gravity action
only consists of the Einstein-Hilbert term. The parameter space of the model is
discussed

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127838 </DOCNO>
HST large field weak lensing analysis of MS 2053-04: study of the mass


  We have detected the weak lensing signal induced by the cluster of galaxies
MS 2053-04 (z=0.58) from a two-colour mosaic of 6 HST WFPC2 images. The best
fit singular isothermal sphere model to the observed tangential distortion
yields an Einstein radius r_E=6.2"+-1.8", which corresponds to a velocity
dispersion of 886^{+121}_{-139} km/s. This result is in good agreement with the
observed velocity dispersion of 817+-80 km/s from cluster members.
  MS 2053 is the third cluster we studied using mosaics of deep WFPC2 images.
For all three clusters we find good agreement between dynamical and weak
lensing velocity dispersions, in contrast to weak lensing studies based on
single WFPC2 pointings on cluster cores. This result demonstrates the
importance of wide field data. We have compared the ensemble averaged cluster
profile to the predicted NFW profile, and find that a NFW profile can fit the
observed lensing signal well. The best fit concentration parameter is found to
be 0.79^{+0.44}_{-0.15} (68% confidence) times the predicted value from an open
CDM model. The observed mass-to-light ratios of the clusters in our sample
evolve with redshift, and are inconsistent with a constant, non-evolving,
mass-to-light ratio at the 99% confidence level. The evolution is consistent
with the results derived from the evolution of the fundamental plane of early
type galaxies. The resulting average mass-to-light ratio for massive clusters
at z=0 is found to be 239+-18+-9 M/L_B. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114437 </DOCNO>
Numerical studies of left-handed materials and arrays of split ring


  We present numerical results on the transmission properties of the
left-handed materials (LHM) and split-ring resonators (SRR). The simulation
resultsare in qualitative agreement with experiments. The dependence of the
transmission through LHM on the real and imaginary part of the electric
permittivity of the metal, the length of the system, and the size of the unit
cell are presented. We also study the dependence of the resonance frequency of
the array of SRR on the ring thickness, inner diameter, radial and azimuthal
gap, as well as on the electrical permittivity of the board and the embedding
medium, where SRR resides. Qualitatively good agreement with previously
published analytical results is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168087 </DOCNO>
Storing quantum dynamics in quantum states: stochastic programmable gate


  We show how quantum dynamics can be captured in the state of a quantum
system, in such a way that the system can be used to stochastically perform, at
a later time, the stored transformation perfectly on some other quantum system.
Thus programmable quantum gates for quantum information processing are feasible
if some probability of failure -that we show to decrease exponentially with the
size of the storing resources- is allowed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129425 </DOCNO>
High resolution infrared spectra of bulge globular clusters: Liller~1


  Using the NIRSPEC spectrograph at Keck II, we have obtained echelle spectra
covering the range 1.5-1.8um for 2 of the brightest giants in Liller 1 and NGC
6553, old metal rich globular clusters in the Galactic bulge. We use spectrum
synthesis for the abundance analysis, and find [Fe/H]=-0.3 +/- 0.2 and
[O/H]=+0.3 +/- 0.2 dex. The composition of the clusters is similar to that of
field stars in the bulge and is consistent with a sceanrio in which the
clusters formed early, with rapid enrichment. We have dificulty achieveing a
good fit to the spectrum of NGC 6553 using either the low or the high values
recently reported in the literature, unless unusually large, or no
alpha-element enhancements are adopted, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5872 </DOCNO>
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes as quantum dots


  We have measured the differential conductance dI/dV of individual multi-wall
carbon nanotubes (MWNT) of different lengths. A cross-over from wire-like (long
tubes) to dot-like (short tubes) behavior is observed. dI/dV is dominated by
random conductance fluctuations (UCF) in long MWNT devices (L=2...7 $\mu m$),
while Coulomb blockade and energy level quantization are observed in short ones
(L=300 nm). The electron levels of short MWNT dots are nearly four-fold
degenerate (including spin) and their evolution in magnetic field (Zeeman
splitting) agrees with a g-factor of 2. In zero magnetic field the sequential
filling of states evolves with spin S according to S=0 -> 1/2 -> 0... In
addition, a Kondo enhancement of the conductance is observed when the number of
electrons on the tube is odd.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1794 </DOCNO>
Overcharging of DNA in the presence of salt: Theory and Simulation


  A study of a model rod-like polyelectrolyte molecule immersed into a
monovalent or divalent electrolyte is presented. Results from the
hypernetted-chain/mean spherical approximation (HNC/MSA) theory, for
inhomogeneous charged fluids, {\ch are} compared with molecular dynamics (MD)
simulations. As a particular case, the parameters of the polyelectrolyte
molecule are mapped to those of a DNA molecule. An excellent qualitative, and
in some cases quantitative, agreement between HNC/MSA and MD is found. Both,
HNC/MSA and MD, predict the occurrence of overcharging, which is not present in
the Poisson-Boltzmann theory. Mean electrostatic potential and local
concentration profiles, $\zeta$-potential and charge distribution functions are
obtained and discussed in terms of the observed overcharging effect.
Particularly interesting results are a very non-monotonic behavior of the
$\zeta$-potential, as a function of the rod charge density, and the
overcharging by {\em monovalent} counterions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126172 </DOCNO>
New statistical goodness of fit techniques in noisy inhomogeneous


  The assumption that a parametric class of functions fits the data structure
sufficiently well is common in fitting curves and surfaces to regression data.
One then derives a parameter estimate resulting from a least squares fit, say,
and in a second step various kinds of chi^2 goodness of fit measures, to assess
whether the deviation between data and estimated surface is due to random noise
and not to systematic departures from the model. In this paper we show that
commonly-used chi^2-measures are invalid in regression models, particularly
when inhomogeneous noise is present. Instead we present a bootstrap algorithm
which is applicable in problems described by noisy versions of Fredholm
integral equations. of the first kind. We apply the suggested method to the
problem of recovering the luminosity density in the Milky Way from data of the
DIRBE experiment on board the COBE satellite.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179502 </DOCNO>
Beyond the relativistic Hartree mean-field approximation: energy


  The standard relativistic mean-field model is extended by including dynamical
effects that arise in the coupling of single-nucleon motion to collective
surface vibrations. A phenomenological scheme, based on a linear ansatz for the
energy dependence of the scalar and vector components of the nucleon
self-energy for states close to the Fermi surface, allows a simultaneous
description of binding energies, radii, deformations and single-nucleon spectra
in a self-consistent relativistic framework. The model is applied to the
spherical, doubly closed-shell nuclei 132Sn and 208Pb.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74117 </DOCNO>
Fourth generation effects on the rare $B\to K^{*}\nu\bar{\nu}$ decay


  If the fourth generation fermions exist, the new quarks could influence the
branching ratio of the rare $B\to K^{*}\nu\bar{\nu}$ decay. Two possible
solutions of the fourth generation CKM factor
$(V^{*}_{\acute{t}s}V_{\acute{t}b})^(\pm)$ are obtained as a function of the
new $\acute{t}$-quark mass $(m_{\acute{t}})$ from the experimental results of
the $B\to X_{s}\gamma$ together with the semileptonic decay $B\to
X_{c}\ell\bar{\nu}$. The branching ratio of the decay $B\to K^{*}\nu\bar{\nu}$
in the two cases is estimated. In one case, a significant enhancement to the
branching ratio of the decay $B\to K^{*}\nu\bar{\nu}$ over the SM is recorded,
while results are almost same in another case. If a fourth generation should
exist in nature and nature chooses the former case, this B meson decay could be
a good probe to the existence of the fourth generation, or perhaps a signal for
a new physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85880 </DOCNO>
Cyclotron damping and Faraday rotation of gravitational waves


  We study the propagation of gravitational waves in a collisionless plasma
with an external magnetic field parallel to the direction of propagation. Due
to resonant interaction with the plasma particles the gravitational wave
experiences cyclotron damping or growth, the latter case being possible if the
distribution function for any of the particle species deviates from
thermodynamical equilibrium. Furthermore, we examine how the damping and
dispersion depends on temperature and on the ratio between the cyclotron- and
gravitational wave frequency. The presence of the magnetic field leads to
different dispersion relations for different polarizations, which in turn imply
Faraday rotation of gravitational waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1739 </DOCNO>
Discrete fields, general relativity, other possible implications and


  The physical meaning, the properties and the consequences of a discrete
scalar field are discussed; limits for the validity of a mathematical
description of fundamental physics in terms of continuous fields are a natural
outcome of discrete fields with discrete interactions. The discrete scalar
field is ultimately the gravitational field of general relativity, necessarily,
and there is no place for any other fundamental scalar field, in this context.
Part of the paper comprehends a more generic discussion about the nature, if
continuous or discrete, of fundamental interactions. There is a critical point
defined by the equivalence between the two descriptions. Discrepancies between
them can be observed far away from this point as a continuous-interaction is
always stronger below it and weaker above it than a discrete one. It is
possible that some discrete-field manifestations have already been observed in
the flat rotation curves of galaxies and in the apparent anomalous acceleration
of the Pioneer spacecrafts. The existence of a critical point is equivalent to
the introduction of an effective-acceleration scale which may put Milgrom's
MOND on a more solid physical basis. Contact is also made, on passing, with
inflation in cosmological theories and with Tsallis generalized one-parameter
statistics which is regarded as proper for discrete-interaction systems. The
validity of Botzmann statistics is then reduced to idealized asymptotic states
which, rigorously, are reachable only after an infinite number of internal
interactions . Tsallis parameter is then a measure of how close a system is
from its idealized asymptotic state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73405 </DOCNO>
Reggeization in High Energy QCD


  We study QCD in the regime of high parton density arising in hadronic
collisions at large center-of-mass energy. The n-gluon amplitudes of the
generalized leading logarithmic approximation are investigated. We find
identities relating amplitudes with different numbers of gluons in the
t-channel. These identities constrain the reggeization of the gluon in high
energy QCD. The tensors describing the reggeization of a gluon in color space
are identified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5185 </DOCNO>
Vortex lines or sheets - what is formed in dynamic drives?


  In isotropic macroscopic quantum systems vortex lines can be formed while in
anisotropic systems also vortex sheets are possible. Based on measurements of
superfluid 3He-A, we present the principles which select between these two
competing forms of quantized vorticity: sheets displace lines if the frequency
of the external field exceeds a critical limit. The resulting topologically
stable state consists of multiple vortex sheets and has much faster dynamics
than the state with vortex lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148740 </DOCNO>
Phase Structure of D-brane Gauge Theories and Toric Duality


  Harnessing the unimodular degree of freedom in the definition of any toric
diagram, we present a method of constructing inequivalent gauge theories which
are world-volume theories of D-branes probing the same toric singularity. These
theories are various phases in partial resolution of Abelian orbifolds. As
examples, two phases are constructed for both the zeroth Hirzebruch and the
second del Pezzo surfaces. We show that such a phenomenon is a special case of
``Toric Duality'' proposed in hep-th/0003085. Furthermore, we investigate the
general conditions that distinguish these different gauge theories with the
same (toric) moduli space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125551 </DOCNO>
A High Density Thin layer confining the HII region M42. HHT measurements


  We present HHT observations in the N=3-2 rotational transition of the CN
radical toward selected positions of the Trapezium region and of the molecular
Ridge in the Orion molecular cloud. Two of the positions in the Ridge were also
observed in the N=2-1 line of CN and 13CN. The N=3-2 CN lines have been
combined with observations of the N=2-1 and N=1-0 transitions of CN, and of the
N=2-1 of 13CN to estimate the physical conditions and CN abundances in the
molecular gas. We analyze in detail the excitation of the CN lines and find
that the hyperfine ratios of the N=3-2 line are always close to the Local
Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) optically thin values even in the case of
optically thick emission. This is due to different excitation temperatures for
the different hyperfine lines. From the line intensity ratios between the
different CN transitions we derive H_2 densities of ~10^5cm^-3 for the
molecular Ridge and of ~3x10^6cm^-3 for the Trapezium region. The CN column
densities are one order of magnitude larger in the Ridge than in the Trapezium
region, but the CN to H_2 ratio is similar both in the Trapezium and in the
Ridge. The combination of the low CN column densities, high H_2 densities and
relatively high CN abundances toward the Trapezium region requires that the CN
emission arises from a thin layer with a depth along the line of sight of only
\~5x10^15cm. This high density thin layer of molecular gas seems to be related
with material that confines the rear side of the HII region Orion A. However
the molecular layer is not moving as expected from the expansion of the HII
region, but it is ``static'' with respect to the gas in the molecular cloud. We
discuss the implication of a high density ``static'' layer in the evolution of
an HII region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97671 </DOCNO>
Holomorphic Principal Bundles Over Elliptic Curves III: Singular Curves


  Let G be a simple and simply connected complex linear algebraic group. In
this paper, we discuss the generalization of the parabolic construction of
holomorphic principal G-bundles over a smooth elliptic curve to the case of a
singular curve of arithmetic genus one and to a fibration of Weierstrass cubics
over a base B. Except for G of type E_8, the method gives a family of weighted
projective spaces associated to a sum of line bundles over B. Working with the
universal family of Weierstrass curves over affine two-space and its natural
C^*-action, we determine the line bundles that arise in the direct sum in terms
of the Casimir weights of the group. We show that in the case of a cuspidal or
nodal curve C, provided that G is not of type E_8 or C is not cuspidal, the
parabolic construction is closely related to constructions of Kostant and
Steinberg of sections for the adjoint quotient morphism of the group G or its
Lie algebra, and that moreover it gives a compactification of the adjoint
quotient. We describe how the construction may be modified for E_8. Finally,
given an irreducible representation of G, we characterize the G-bundles arising
from the parabolic construction such that the associated vector bundle is
unstable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127754 </DOCNO>
Rate Coefficients for D(1s) + H^+ <--> D^+ + H(1s) Charge Transfer and


  We have calculated the rate coefficients for D(1s) + H^+ <--> D^+ + H(1s)
using recently published theoretical cross sections. We present results for
temperatures T from 1 K to 2x10^5 K and provide fits to our data for use in
plasma modeling. Our calculations are in good agreement with previously
published rate coefficients for 25 <= T <= 300 K, which covers most of the
limited range for which those results were given. Our new rate coefficients for
T >~ 100 K are significantly larger than the values most commonly used for
modeling the chemistry of the early universe and of molecular clouds. This may
have important implications for the predicted HD abundance in these
environments. Using our results, we have modeled the ionization balance in high
redshift QSO absorbers. We find that the new rate coefficients decrease the
inferred D/H ratio by <~ 0.4%. This is a factor of >~ 25 smaller than the
current >~ 10% uncertainties in QSO absorber D/H measurements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174782 </DOCNO>
Haloes and Clustering in Light, Neutron-Rich Nuclei


  Clustering is a relatively widespread phenomena which takes on many guises
across the nuclear landscape. Selected topics concerning the study of halo
systems and clustering in light, neutron-rich nuclei are discussed here through
illustrative examples taken from the Be isotopic chain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72763 </DOCNO>
Sterile neutrinos in tau lepton decays


  We study possible contributions of heavy sterile neutrinos $\nu_h$ to the
decays $\tau^-\to e^{\pm}(\mu^{\pm})\pi^{\mp}\pi^-$. From the experimental
upper bounds on their rates we derive new constraints on the $\nu_h-\nu_{\tau}$
mixing in the mass region $140.5{MeV}\leq m_{\nu_h}\leq 1637$ MeV. We discuss
cosmological and astrophysical status of $\nu_h$ in this mass region and
compare our constraints with those recently derived by the NOMAD collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2734 </DOCNO>
Percolation and depinning transitions in cut-and-paste models of


  We show that a cut-and-paste model to mimic a trial-and-error process of
adaptation displays two pairs of percolation and depinning transitions, one for
persistence and the other for efficiency. The percolation transition signals
the onset of a property and the depinning transition, the growth of the same
property. Despite its simplicity, the cut-and-paste model is qualitatively the
same as the Minority Game. A majority cut-and-paste model is also introduced,
to mimic the spread of a trend. When both models are iterated, the majority
model reaches a frozen state while the minority model converges towards an
alternate state. We show that a transition from the frozen to the alternate
state occurs in the limit of a non-adaptive system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4920 </DOCNO>
Odd-odd Magnetic Interaction and Spontaneous Ortho-para Transitions in


  Spontaneous nuclear ortho-para transitions are shown to be possible in
hydrogen molecule and molecular ion as due to hyperfine interaction odd-odd
relative to the space or spin nuclear coordinate permutations. A part of this
interaction inversely proportional to the first power of nuclear mass is found
for hydrogen molecular ion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2288 </DOCNO>
Continuously-variable survival exponent for random walks with movable


  We study a one-dimensional lattice random walk with an absorbing boundary at
the origin and a movable partial reflector. On encountering the reflector, at
site x, the walker is reflected (with probability r) to x-1 and the reflector
is simultaneously pushed to x+1. Iteration of the transition matrix, and
asymptotic analysis of the probability generating function show that the
critical exponent delta governing the survival probability varies continuously
between 1/2 and 1 as r varies between 0 and 1. Our study suggests a mechanism
for nonuniversal kinetic critical behavior, observed in models with an infinite
number of absorbing configurations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96431 </DOCNO>
The range of operators on von Neumann algebras


  We prove that for every bounded linear operator $T:X\to X$, where $X$ is a
non-reflexive quotient of a von Neumann algebra, the point spectrum of $T^*$ is
non-empty (i.e. for some $\lambda\in\mathbb C$ the operator $\lambda I-T$ fails
to have dense range.) In particular, and as an application, we obtain that such
a space cannot support a topologically transitive operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1292 </DOCNO>
Inverse melting of the vortex lattice


  Inverse melting, in which a crystal reversibly transforms into a liquid or
amorphous phase upon decreasing the temperature, is considered to be very rare
in nature. The search for such an unusual equilibrium phenomenon is often
hampered by the formation of nonequilibrium states which conceal the
thermodynamic phase transition, or by intermediate phases, as was recently
shown in a polymeric system. Here we report a first-order inverse melting of
the magnetic flux line lattice in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 superconductor. At low
temperatures, the material disorder causes significant pinning of the vortices,
which prevents observation of their equilibrium properties. Using a newly
introduced 'vortex dithering' technique we were able to equilibrate the vortex
lattice. As a result, direct thermodynamic evidence of inverse melting
transition is found, at which a disordered vortex phase transforms into an
ordered lattice with increasing temperature. Paradoxically, the structurally
ordered lattice has larger entropy than the disordered phase. This finding
shows that the destruction of the ordered vortex lattice occurs along a unified
first-order transition line that gradually changes its character from
thermally-induced melting at high temperatures to a disorder-induced transition
at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174802 </DOCNO>
Nonmesonic decay of the Lambda hyperon in nuclear matter - implications


  The lifetime of the Lambda hyperon in heavy hypernuclei as measured by the
COSY-13 Collaboration in proton - Au, Bi and U collisions has been analysed to
yield tau(Lambda) = (145 +- 11) ps. This value for tau(Lambda) is compatible
with the lifetime extracted from antiproton annihilation on Bi and U targets,
however, much more accurate. We find that the dependence of the lifetime
tau(Lambda) on the mass of hypernuclei indicates a violation of the
phenomenological Delta I = 1/2 rule known from the weak mesonic decays of
strange particles. PACS: {13.30.-a}{Decays of baryons}
{13.75.Ev}{Hyperon-nucleon interaction} {21.80}{Hypernuclei}
{25.80.Pw}{Hyperon-induced reactions}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85810 </DOCNO>
Gravitating global defects: the gravitational field and compactification


  We give a prescription to add the gravitational field of a global topological
defect to a solution of Einstein's equations in an arbitrary number of
dimensions. We only demand that the original solution has a O(n) invariance
with n greater or equal 3. We will see that the general effect of a global
defect is to introduce a deficit solid angle. We also show how the same kind of
scalar field configurations can be used for spontaneous compactification of "n"
extra dimensions on an n-sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124560 </DOCNO>
The luminosity function of QSO host galaxies


  We report on results from H band imaging observations of a complete sample of
high-luminosity low-redshift QSOs. The luminosity function of QSO hosts is
similar in shape to that of normal galaxies, although offset in normalisation
by a factor of 10^(-4). This supports the hypothesis that the parent population
of quasars is identical to the general population of early-type field galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123409 </DOCNO>
KiloHertz QPO and Gravitational Wave Emission as the Signature of the


  The basic theory of torque free precession (TFP) of the outer crust of a
neutron star (NS) as the signature of the approach to NS breakup is a viable
explanation of the uniform properties of kHz Quasi-periodic Oscillations (QPO)
observed in X-rays emitted by Low Mass X-ray Binary (LMXB) sources. The theory
outlined in this paper relates the intrinsic properties of NS structure to the
observed kHz frequencies. The range of kHz frequencies and the observed quality
factors (Qs) are also explained by this simple dynamical model. A scenario that
begins with the melting of the inner crust of an LMXB NS creates the conditions
necessary for the generation of kHz QPO. The theory relates the ratio of the
observed kHz frequencies to the ratios of the components of the moments of
inertia of the NS, thereby tightly constraining the equation of state (EOS) of
NS matter (polytrope index ~1.0). The TFP model is in strong contrast to
existing models which primarily relate the kHz QPO phenomenon to the physics of
gas dynamics near the inner edge of the accretion disk and the transition flow
onto the surface of the NS. We suggest the possibility of the direct detection
of very low frequency (~1 kHz) radio waves from magnetic dipole radiation and
also predict kHz gravitational wave emission from the LMXB Sco X-1 that may be
detectable by LIGO. The high accretion rates consistent with the predicted GW
emission indicate the likely conversion of some LMXBs to maximally rotating
Kerr black holes (BH) and further suggest that these systems are progenitors of
some gamma-ray bursts (GRB).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98905 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cohomology of Grassmannians and Total Positivity


  We give a proof of a result of D. Peterson's identifying the quantum
cohomology ring of a Grassmannian with the reduced coordinate ring of a certain
subvariety of $GL_n$. The totally positive part of this subvariety is then
constructed and we give closed formulas for the values of the Schubert basis
elements on the totally positive points. We then use the developed methods to
give a new proof of a formula of Vafa and Intriligator and Bertram for the
structure constants (Gromov--Witten invariants). Finally, we use the positivity
of these Gromov--Witten invariants to prove certain inequalities for Schur
polynomials at roots of unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127666 </DOCNO>
HST-WFPC2 Observations of the Star Clusters in the Giant HII Regions of


  We present a photometric study of the stars in ionizing star clusters
embedded in several giant HII regions of M33 (CC93, IC 142, NGC 595, MA2, NGC
604 and NGC 588). Our photometry are based on the HST-WFPC2 images of these
clusters. Color-magnitude diagrams and color-color diagrams of these clusters
are obtained and are used for estimating the reddenings and ages of the
clusters. The luminosity functions (LFs) and initial mass functions (IMFs) of
the massive stars in these clusters are also derived. The slopes of the IMFs
range from Gamma = -0.5 to -2.1. It is found interestingly that the IMFs get
steeper with increasing galactocentric distance and with decreasing [O/H]
abundance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97357 </DOCNO>
Tabular algebras and their asymptotic versions


  We introduce tabular algebras, which are simultaneous generalizations of
cellular algebras (in the sense of Graham-Lehrer) and table algebras (in the
sense of Arad-Blau). We show that if a tabular algebra is equipped with a
certain kind of trace map then the algebra has a corresponding asymptotic
version whose structure can be explicitly determined. We also study various
natural examples of tabular algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4366 </DOCNO>
The Phase Diagram of the Shastry-Sutherland Antiferromagnet


  The Shastry-Sutherland model, which provides a representation of the magnetic
properties of SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$, has been studied by series expansion
methods at T=0. Our results support the existence of an intermediate phase
between the N\'eel long-range ordered phase and the short-range dimer phase.
They provide strong evidence against the existence of helical order in the
intermediate phase, and and somewhat less strong evidence against a
plaquette-singlet phase. The nature of the intermediate phase thus remains
elusive. It appears to be gapless, or nearly so.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5307 </DOCNO>
Micromechanical electrometry of single-electron transistor island charge


  We consider the possibility of using a micromechanical gate electrode located
just above the island of a single-electron transistor to measure directly the
fluctuating island charge due to tunnelling electrons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73614 </DOCNO>
On the gravitational production of superheavy dark matter


  The dark matter in the universe can be in the form of a superheavy matter
species (WIMPZILLA). Several mechanisms have been proposed for the production
of WIMPZILLA particles during or immediately following the inflationary epoch.
Perhaps the most attractive mechanism is through gravitational particle
production, where particles are produced simply as a result of the expansion of
the universe. In this paper we present a detailed numerical calculation of
WIMPZILLA gravitational production in hybrid-inflation models and
natural-inflation models. Generalizing these findings, we also explore the
dependence of the gravitational production mechanism on various models of
inflation. We show that superheavy dark matter production seems to be robust,
with Omega_X h^2 ~ (M_X / (10^11 GeV))^2 (T_RH / (10^9 GeV)), so long as M_X <
H_I, where M_X is the WIMPZILLA mass, T_RH is the reheat temperature, and H_I
is the expansion rate of the universe during inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 656 </DOCNO>
The universality class of fluctuating pulled fronts


  It has recently been proposed that fluctuating ``pulled'' fronts propagating
into an unstable state should not be in the standard KPZ universality class for
rough interface growth. We introduce an effective field equation for this class
of problems, and show on the basis of it that noisy pulled fronts in {\em d+1}
bulk dimensions should be in the universality class of the {\em (d+1)+1}D KPZ
equation rather than of the {\em d+1}D KPZ equation. Our scenario ties together
a number of heretofore unexplained observations in the literature, and is
supported by previous numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149608 </DOCNO>
Division Algebras and Extended SuperKdVs


  The division algebras R, C, H, O are used to construct and analyze the
N=1,2,4,8 supersymmetric extensions of the KdV hamiltonian equation. In
particular a global N=8 super-KdV system is introduced and shown to admit a
Poisson bracket structure given by the "Non-Associative N=8 Superconformal
Algebra".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148505 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative Solitons in Open N=2 String Theory


  Coincident D2-branes in open N=2 fermionic string theory with a B-field
background yield an integrable modified U(n) sigma model on noncommutative
R^{2,1}. This model provides a showcase for an established method (the
`dressing approach') to generate solutions for integrable field equations, even
in the noncommutative case. We demonstrate the technique by constructing moving
U(1) and U(2) solitons and by computing their energies. It is outlined how to
derive multi-soliton configurations with arbitrary relative motion; they
correspond to D0-branes moving inside the D2-branes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7161 </DOCNO>
Critical universality and hyperscaling revisited for Ising models of


  We have extended through beta^{23} the high-temperature expansion of the
second field derivative of the susceptibility for Ising models of general spin,
with nearest-neighbor interactions, on the simple cubic and the body-centered
cubic lattices. Moreover the expansions for the nearest-neighbor correlation
function, the susceptibility and the second correlation moment have been
extended up to beta^{25}. Taking advantage of these new data, we can improve
the accuracy of direct estimates of critical exponents and of hyper-universal
combinations of critical amplitudes such as the renormalized four-point
coupling g_r or the quantity usually denoted by R^{+}_{xi}. We have used a
variety of series extrapolation procedures and, in some of the analyses, we
have assumed that the leading correction-to-scaling exponent theta is universal
and roughly known. We have also verified, to high precision, the validity of
the hyperscaling relation and of the universality property both with regard to
the lattice structure and to the value of the spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98047 </DOCNO>
On Kummer extensions of the power series field


  In this paper we study the Kummer extensions of the power series field
$K=k((X_1,...,X_n)$, where $k$ is an algebraically closed field of arbitrary
characteristic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1591 </DOCNO>
`Tight Binding' methods in quantum transport through molecules and small


  We discuss the steady-state electronic transport in solid-state and molecular
devices in the quantum regime. The decimation technique allows a comprehensive
description of the electronic structure. Such a method is used, in conjunction
with the generalizations of Landauer's tunneling formalism, to describe a wide
range of transport regimes. We analize mesoscopic and semiclassical metallic
transport, the metal-insulator transition, and the resonant tunneling regime.
The effects of decoherence on transport is discussed in terms of the
D'Amato-Pastawski model. A brief presentation of the time dependent phenomena
is also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174722 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity distribution and spectra of negatively charged hadrons in


  The minimum bias multiplicity distribution and the transverse momentum and
pseudorapidity distributions for central collisions have been measured for
negative hadrons (h-) in Au+Au interactions at sqrt(s_nn) = 130 GeV. The
multiplicity density at midrapidity for the 5% most central interactions is
dNh-/deta|_{eta = 0} = 280 +- 1(stat)+- 20(syst), an increase per participant
of 38% relative to ppbar collisions at the same energy. The mean transverse
momentum is 0.508 +- 0.012 GeV/c and is larger than in central Pb+Pb collisions
at lower energies. The scaling of the h- yield per participant is a strong
function of pt. The pseudorapidity distribution is almost constant within
|eta|<1.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87099 </DOCNO>
Gravitational waves from rotating neutron stars


  In this review we examine the dynamics and gravitational wave detectability
of rotating strained neutron stars. The discussion is divided into two halves:
triaxial stars, and precessing stars. We summarise recent work on how crustal
strains and magnetic fields can sustain triaxiality, and suggest that Magnus
forces connected with pinned superfluid vortices might contribute to
deformation also. The conclusions that could be drawn following the successful
gravitational wave detection of a triaxial star are discussed, and areas
requiring further study identified. The latest ideas regarding free precession
are then outlined, and the recent suggestion of Middleditch et al (2000a,b)
that the remnant of SN1987A contains a freely precessing star, spinning-down by
gravitational wave energy loss, is examined critically. We describe what we
would learn about neutron stars should the gravitational wave detectors prove
this hypothesis to be correct.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123534 </DOCNO>
Starbursts in ultraluminous infrared galaxies - fueling and properties


  The properties of starbursts in ultraluminous infrared galaxies are
discussed, with particular emphasis on the fueling, the amount of extinction
and the intrinsic properties of the nuclear starbursts. It is shown by the
example of NGC6240 that the H_2 vibrational lines can be used to measure the
rate of gas inflow into the potential well, which is sufficient to fuel a
nuclear starburst of the intensity required to account for the far-infrared
emission. It is shown that in Arp220 the faintness of all tracers of ionized
gas can be accounted for by Lyman continuum absorption by dust within the
ionized regions, combined with significant (but not extreme) extinction; there
is no reason to invoke the presence of extreme extinction, an old starburst, or
an additional non-stellar power source in Arp220.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2043 </DOCNO>
Enhancement of Rabi Splitting in a Microcavity with an Embedded


  We have observed a large coupling between the excitonic and photonic modes of
an AlAs/AlGaAs microcavity filled with an 84-({\rm {\AA}})/20({\rm {\AA}})
GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice. Reflectivity measurements on the coupled
cavity-superlattice system in the presence of a moderate electric field yielded
a Rabi splitting of 9.5 meV at T = 238 K. This splitting is almost 50% larger
than that found in comparable microcavities with quantum wells placed at the
antinodes only. We explain the enhancement by the larger density of optical
absorbers in the superlattice, combined with the quasi-two-dimensional binding
energy of field-localized excitons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129659 </DOCNO>
The primordial Helium-4 abundance determination: systematic effects


  By extrapolating to O/H = N/H = 0 the empirical correlations Y-O/H and Y-N/H
defined by a relatively large sample of ~ 45 Blue Compact Dwarfs (BCDs), we
have obtained a primordial 4Helium mass fraction Yp= 0.2443+/-0.0015 with dY/dZ
= 2.4+/-1.0. This result is in excellent agreement with the average Yp=
0.2452+/-0.0015 determined in the two most metal-deficient BCDs known, I Zw 18
(Zsun/50) and SBS 0335-052 (Zsun/41), where the correction for He production is
smallest. The quoted error (1sigma) of < 1% is statistical and does not include
systematic effects. We examine various systematic effects including collisional
excitation of Hydrogen lines, ionization structure and temperature fluctuation
effects, and underlying stellar HeI absorption, and conclude that combining all
systematic effects, our Yp may be underestimated by ~ 2-4%. Taken at face
value, our Yp implies a baryon-to-photon number ratio eta = 4.7x10^-10 and a
baryon mass fraction Omega_b h^2_{100} = 0.017+/-0.005 (2sigma), consistent
with the values obtained from deuterium and Cosmic Microwave Background
measurements. Correcting Yp upward by 2-4% would make the agreement even
better.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1523 </DOCNO>
The First Temperature Corrections to the Fermi Liquid Fixed Point in Two


  We calculate using perturbative calculations and Ward identities the basic
parameters of the Fermi Liquid: the scattering vertex, the Landau interaction
function, the effective mass, specific heat, and physical susceptibilities for
a model of two-dimensional (2D) fermions with a short ranged interaction at
non-zero temperature. The leading temperature dependence of the spin components
of the scattering vertex, the Landau function, and the spin susceptibility is
found to be linear. We find that the standard T=0 relationships for a
Galilean-invariant Fermi Liquid are violated by finite-temperature terms. The
coefficients in the temperature corrections to these relationships involve a
subtle interplay between contributions from small and large ($\sim 2k_F$)
momentum processes. A connection with previous studies of the 2D Fermi-Liquid
parameters is discussed. We conclude that the linear leading temperature
dependence of the parameters is a generic feature of the 2D Fermi Liquid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125735 </DOCNO>
Shapelets: I. A Method for Image Analysis


  We present a new method for the analysis of images, a fundamental task in
observational astronomy. It is based on the linear decomposition of each object
in the image into a series of localised basis functions of different shapes,
which we call `Shapelets'. A particularly useful set of complete and
orthonormal shapelets is that consisting of weighted Hermite polynomials, which
correspond to perturbations around a circular gaussian. They are also the
eigenstates of the 2-dimensional Quantum Harmonic Oscillator, and thus allow us
to use the powerful formalism developed for this problem. Among their
remarkable properties, they are invariant under Fourier transforms (up to a
rescaling), leading to an analytic form for convolutions. The generator of
linear transformations such as translations, rotations, shears and dilatations
can be written as simple combinations of raising and lowering operators. We
derive analytic expressions for practical quantities, such as the centroid
(astrometry), flux (photometry) and radius of the object, in terms of its
shapelet coefficients. We also construct polar basis functions which are
eigenstates of the angular momentum operator, and thus have simple properties
under rotations. As an example, we apply the method to Hubble Space Telescope
images, and show that the small number of shapelet coefficients required to
represent galaxy images lead to compression factors of about 40 to 90. We
discuss applications of shapelets for the archival of large photometric
surveys, for weak and strong gravitational lensing and for image deprojection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3384 </DOCNO>
Distribution of Interacting Ionic Particles in Disordered Media


  Equilibrium distribution of interacting ionic particles in a charged
disordered background is studied using the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann
equation. For an arbitrarily given realization of the disorder, an exact
solution of the equation is obtained in one dimension using a mapping of the
nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation to a self-consistent Schrodinger equation.
The resulting density profile shows that the ions are delocalized, despite what
the equivalent Schrodinger formulation in one dimension would suggest. It is
shown that the ions are not distributed so as to locally neutralize the
background, presumably due to their mutual interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97866 </DOCNO>
Spaces of tilings, finite telescopic approximations and gap-labelling


  For a large class of tilings, including the Penrose tiling in two dimension
as well as the icosahedral ones in 3 dimension, the continuous hull of such a
tiling inherits a minimal lamination structure with flat leaves and a
transversal which is a Cantor set. In this case, we show that the continuous
hull can be seen as the projective limit of a suitable sequence of branched,
oriented and flat compact manifolds.The algebraic topological features related
to this sequence reflect the dynamical properties of the action on the
continuous hull. In particular the set of positive invariant measures of this
action turns to be a convex cone, canonically associated with the orientation,
in the projective limit of the top homology groups of the branched manifolds.
As an application of this construction we prove a gap-labelling theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75556 </DOCNO>
Crystalline Color Superconductivity


  We give an introduction crystalline color superconductivity, arguing that it
is likely to occur wherever quark matter in which color-flavor locking does not
occur is found. We survey the properties of this form of quark matter, and
argue that its presence in a compact star may result in pulsar glitches, and
thus in observable consequences. However, elucidation of this proposal requires
an understanding of the crystal structure, which is not yet in hand.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5320 </DOCNO>
Specific Heat of CeRhIn5: Pressure-Driven Evolution of the Ground State


  Measurements of the specific heat of antiferromagnetic CeRhIn5, to 21 kbar,
and for 21 kbar to 70 kOe, show a discontinuous change from an
antiferromagnetic ground state below 15 kbar to a superconducting ground state
above, and suggest that it is accompanied by a weak thermodynamic first-order
transition. Bulk superconductivity appears, apparently with d-wave electron
pairing, at the critical pressure, 15 kbar; with further increase in pressure a
residual temperature-proportional term in the specific heat disappears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81490 </DOCNO>
Cost of dynamical quark simulations with improved staggered quarks


  The cost of dynamical quark simulations with improved staggered quarks is
estimated based on current and planned running by the MILC collaboration. I
find that a few 10s of Teraflop years should be sufficient to calculate down to
a lattice spacing of 0.045 fm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129134 </DOCNO>
A unified equation of state of dense matter and neutron star structure


  An equation of state (EOS) of neutron star matter, describing both the
neutron star crust and the liquid core, is calculated. It is based on the
effective nuclear interaction SLy of the Skyrme type, which is particularly
suitable for the application to the calculation of the properties of very
neutron rich matter (Chabanat et al. 1997, 1998). The structure of the crust,
and its EOS, is calculated in the T=0 approximation, and under the assumption
of the ground state composition. The crust-core transition is a very weakly
first-order phase transition, with relative density jump of about one percent.
The EOS of the liquid core is calculated assuming (minimal) n-p-e-mu
composition. Parameters of static neutron stars are calculated and compared
with existing observational data on neutron stars. The minimum and maximum
masses of static neutron stars are 0.094 M_sun and 2.05 M_sun, respectively.
Effects of rotation on the minimum and the maximum mass of neutron stars are
briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73221 </DOCNO>
HQET quark-gluon vertex at one loop


  We calculate the HQET quark-gluon vertex at one loop, for arbitrary external
momenta, in an arbitrary covariant gauge and space-time dimension. Relevant
results and algorithms for the three-point HQET integrals are presented. We
also show how one can obtain the HQET limit directly from QCD results for the
quark-gluon vertex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74866 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and electroweak breaking with large and small extra


  We consider the problem of supersymmetry and electroweak breaking in a 5d
theory compactified on an $S^{1}/Z_{2}$ orbifold, where the extra dimension may
be large or small. We consider the case of a supersymmetry breaking 4d brane
located at one of the orbifold fixed points with the Standard Model gauge
sector, third family and Higgs fields in the 5d bulk, and the first two
families on a parallel 4d matter brane located at the other fixed point. We
compute the Kaluza-Klein mass spectrum in this theory using a matrix technique
which allows us to interpolate between large and small extra dimensions. We
also consider the problem of electroweak symmetry breaking in this theory and
localize the Yukawa couplings on the 4d matter brane spatially separated from
the brane where supersymmetry is broken. We calculate the 1-loop effective
potential using a zeta-function regularization technique, and find that the
dominant top and stop contributions are separately finite. Using this result we
find consistent electroweak symmetry breaking for a compactification scale {$
1/R \approx 830$ GeV} and a lightest Higgs boson mass $m_{h} \approx 170$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1198 </DOCNO>
Transport and magnetic anisotropy in CMR thin film La_{1-x}Ca_{x}MnO_{3}


  We present a study of anisotropy of transport and magnetic properties in
La_{1-x}Ca_{x}MnO_{3} (x \approx 1/3) film prepared by pulsed-laser deposition
onto a LaAlO_{3} sunstrate. We found a non-monotonic dependence of
magnetoresistance (MR) on magnetic field H for both H perpendicular and
parallel to the film plane but perpendicular to the current. This rather
complex behavior of MR manifests itself at low temperatures, far below the
Curie temperature. Two main sources of MR anisotropy have been considered in
the explanantion of the results: (1) the existence of preferential directions
of magnetization (due to strains stemming from the lattice film-substrate
mismatch or other reasons); (2) dependence of resistance on the angle between
current and the magnetization, which is inherent in ferromagnets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169178 </DOCNO>
Shor-Preskill Type Security-Proofs for Concatenated Bennett-Brassard 84


  We discuss a long code problem in the BB84 protocol and describe how they can
be overcome by the concatenated protocols. Observing that the concatenated
modified Lo-Chau protocol finally reduces to the concatenated BB84 protocol, we
give the security of the concatenated BB84 protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74268 </DOCNO>
Perturbative QCD and factorization of coherent pion photoproduction on


  We analyze the predictions of perturbative QCD for pion photoproduction on
the deuteron, gamma D -> pi^0 D, at large momentum transfer using the reduced
amplitude formalism. The cluster decomposition of the deuteron wave function at
small binding only allows the nuclear coherent process to proceed if each
nucleon absorbs an equal fraction of the overall momentum transfer.
Furthermore, each nucleon must scatter while remaining close to its mass shell.
Thus the nuclear photoproduction amplitude, M_{gamma D -> pi^0 D}(u,t),
factorizes as a product of three factors: (1) the nucleon photoproduction
amplitude, M_{gamma N_1 -> pi^0 N_1}(u/4,t/4), at half of the overall momentum
transfer, (2) a nucleon form factor, F_{N_2}(t/4), at half the overall momentum
transfer, and (3) the reduced deuteron form factor, f_d(t), which according to
perturbative QCD, has the same monopole falloff as a meson form factor. A
comparison with the recent JLAB data for gamma D -> pi^0 D of Meekins et al.
[Phys. Rev. C 60, 052201 (1999)] and the available gamma p -> pi^0 p data shows
good agreement between the perturbative QCD prediction and experiment over a
large range of momentum transfers and center of mass angles. The reduced
amplitude prediction is consistent with the constituent counting rule, p^11_T
M_{gamma D -> pi^0 D} -> F(theta_cm), at large momentum transfer. This is found
to be consistent with measurements for photon lab energies E_gamma > 3 GeV at
theta_cm=90 degrees and $\elab > 10$ GeV at 136 degrees.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87263 </DOCNO>
Signal-Locality and Subquantum Information in Deterministic


  It is proven that any deterministic hidden-variables theory, that reproduces
quantum theory for a 'quantum equilibrium' distribution of hidden variables,
must predict the existence of instantaneous signals at the statistical level
for hypothetical 'nonequilibrium ensembles'. This 'signal-locality theorem'
generalises yet another feature of the pilot-wave theory of de Broglie and
Bohm, for which it is already known that signal-locality is true only in
equilibrium. Assuming certain symmetries, lower bounds are derived on the
'degree of nonlocality' of the singlet state, defined as the (equilibrium)
fraction of outcomes at one wing of an EPR-experiment that change in response
to a shift in the distant angular setting. It is shown by explicit calculation
that these bounds are satisfied by pilot-wave theory. The degree of nonlocality
is interpreted as the average number of bits of 'subquantum information'
transmitted superluminally, for an equilibrium ensemble. It is proposed that
this quantity might provide a novel measure of the entanglement of a quantum
state, and that the field of quantum information would benefit from a more
explicit hidden-variables approach. It is argued that the signal-locality
theorem supports the hypothesis, made elsewhere, that in the remote past the
universe relaxed to a state of statistical equilibrium at the hidden-variable
level, a state in which nonlocality happens to be masked by quantum noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5806 </DOCNO>
Morphology of ledge patterns during step flow growth of metal surfaces


  The morphological development of step edge patterns in the presence of
meandering instability during step flow growth is studied by simulations and
numerical integration of a continuum model. It is demonstrated that the kink
Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier responsible for the instability leads to an invariant
shape of the step profiles. The step morphologies change with increasing
coverage from a somewhat triangular shape to a more flat, invariant steady
state form. The average pattern shape extracted from the simulations is shown
to be in good agreement with that obtained from numerical integration of the
continuum theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149314 </DOCNO>
Fuzzy Instantons


  We present a series of instanton-like solutions to a matrix model which
satisfy a self-duality condition and possess an action whose value is, to
within a fixed constant factor, an integer l^2. For small values of the
dimension n^2 of the matrix algebra the integer resembles the result of a
quantization condition but as n -> \infty the ratio l/n can tend to an
arbitrary real number between zero and one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168958 </DOCNO>
Quantization of Non-Hamiltonian Systems


  In this paper a generalization of Weyl quantization which maps a dynamical
operator in a function space to a dynamical superoperator in an operator space
is suggested. Quantization of dynamical operator, which cannot be represented
as Poisson bracket with some function, is considered. The usual Weyl
quantization of observables can be derived as a specific case of suggested
quantization if dynamical operator is an operator of multiplication on a
function. This approach allows to define consistent Weyl quantization of
non-Hamiltonian and dissipative systems. Examples of the harmonic oscillator
with friction and a system which evolves by Fokker-Planck-type equation are
considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149347 </DOCNO>
A new sequence for topological terms at any spacetime dimensions


  We investigate a sequence of quadratic topological terms of the Chern-Simons
type in different spacetime dimensions, related by dimensional compactification
and sharing the properties of topological mass generation and statistical
transmutation. The implications for bosonization in several dimensions are also
analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179415 </DOCNO>
A self-consistent quantal description of high-K states in the


  A self-consistent and quantal description of high-$K$ bands is given in the
framework of the tilted-axis cranking model. (With a $\theta=90^{\circ}$ tilt
angle with respect to $x$-axis, this cranking model is equivalent to the
$z$-axis cranking.) The numerical results of the HFB calculations in this
framework are compared with experimental data for two quasi-particle excited
bands with $K^{\pi}=6^+$ in $^{178}$W.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83949 </DOCNO>
Efficient algorithms for decision tree cross-validation


  Cross-validation is a useful and generally applicable technique often
employed in machine learning, including decision tree induction. An important
disadvantage of straightforward implementation of the technique is its
computational overhead. In this paper we show that, for decision trees, the
computational overhead of cross-validation can be reduced significantly by
integrating the cross-validation with the normal decision tree induction
process. We discuss how existing decision tree algorithms can be adapted to
this aim, and provide an analysis of the speedups these adaptations may yield.
The analysis is supported by experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113895 </DOCNO>
Evaluation of various planar gaseous detectors with CsI photocathodes


  Noble gases and liquids are excellent scintillators and this opens a unique
opportunity to directly detect the primary scintillation light produced in
these media by photons or particles. This signal can be used for several
purposes, for example as a start signal for TPCs or for particles
identification. Usually photomultipliers (PMs) are used for the detection of
the scintillation light. In our previous work we have demonstrated that costly
PMs could be replaced by gaseous detectors with CsI photocathodes . Such
detectors have the same quantum efficiency as the best PMs but at the same time
are cheap, simple and have high position and time resolutions. The aim of this
work is to evaluate various planar type gaseous detectors with CsI photocahodes
in order to choose the best one for the detection of the primary scintillation
light from noble gases and liquids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6457 </DOCNO>
Dipole and Quadrupole Skyrmions in S=1 (Pseudo)Spin Systems


  In terms of spin coherent states we have investigated topological defects in
2D S=1 (pseudo)spin quantum system with the bilinear and biquadratic isotropic
exchange in the continuum limit. The proper Hamiltonian of the model can be
written as bilinear on the generators of SU(3) group (Gell-Mann matrices).
Knowledge of such group structure enables us to obtain some new exact
analytical results. The analysis of the proper classical model and its topology
allows to get different skyrmionic solutions with finite energy and the spatial
distribution of spin-dipole and/or spin-quadrupole moments termed as dipole,
quadrupole, and dipole-quadrupole skyrmions, respectively. Among the latter we
would like note the in-plane vortices with the in-plane distribution of spin
moment, varying spin length, and the non-trivial distribution of
spin-quadrupole moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126647 </DOCNO>
Far Ultraviolet and H-alpha Imaging of Nearby Spirals: The OB Stellar


  (Abridged) We have compared H-alpha and far ultraviolet (FUV) images of 10
nearby spirals, with the goal of understanding the contribution of field OB
stars to the ionization of the diffuse ionized gas (DIG) in spiral galaxies.
The FUV images were obtained by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) and the
H-alpha images were obtained using various ground-based telescopes. In all of
the galaxies, the F_H-alpha/F_UIT flux ratio is lower in the DIG than in the
HII regions. This is likely an indication that the mean spectral type for OB
stars in the field is later than that in HII regions. Comparison of the
N_Lyc/L_UIT ratio with models of evolving stellar populations shows that the
stellar population in the DIG is consistent with either an older single burst
population or a steady state model with constant star formation and an initial
mass function (IMF) slope steeper than alpha=2.35. We compared the
F_H\alpha/F_UIT ratio in the DIG of these galaxies with that in M33. If the
mean spectral types of stars in HII regions and in the DIG are the same as in
M33, and the difference in extinction between DIG and HII regions is constant
among galaxies, then the analysis suggests that field stars are important
sources of ionization in most galaxies, and may be the dominant source in some
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125461 </DOCNO>
Spatially Resolved Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Seyfert 2 Galaxies Mk


  We present near-infrared spectra with resolutions of lambda/dlambda~1200 in
the emission lines of Pa-beta, [FeII] (1.2567um), Br-gamma, and H2 v=1-0S(1) of
the nuclei and circumnuclear regions of the four Seyfert 2 galaxies Mk 1066,
NGC 2110, NGC 4388, and Mk 3. All of these galaxies show strong near-infrared
line emission that is detected at radii several times the spatial resolution,
corresponding to projected physical scales of 0.07 to 0.7 kpc. Velocity
gradients are detected in these nuclei, as are spatial variations in line
profiles and flux ratios. We compare the spatial and velocity distribution of
the line emission to previously observed optical line and radio emission. The
evidence indicates that the [FeII] emission is associated with the Seyfert
activity in the galaxies. Our data are consistent with X-ray heating being
responsible for most of the [FeII] emission, although differences in [FeII] and
Pa-beta line profiles associated with radio emission suggests that the [FeII]
emission is enhanced by fast shocks associated with radio outflows. The H2
emission is not as strongly associated with outflows or ionization cones as is
the emission in other lines, but rather appears to be primarily associated with
the disk of the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2973 </DOCNO>
Invaded cluster simulations of the XY model in two and three dimensions


  The invaded cluster algorithm is used to study the XY model in two and three
dimensions up to sizes 2000^2 and 120^3 respectively. A soft spin O(2) model,
in the same universality class as the 3D XY model, is also studied. The static
critical properties of the model and the dynamical properties of the algorithm
are reported. The results are K_c=0.45412(2) for the 3D XY model and
eta=0.037(2) for the 3D XY universality class. For the 2D XY model the results
are K_c=1.120(1) and eta=0.251(5). The invaded cluster algorithm does not show
any critical slowing for the magnetization or critical temperature estimator
for the 2D or 3D XY models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72866 </DOCNO>
On the quest for unification - simplicity and antisimplicity


  The road towards unification of elementary interactions is thought to start
on the solid ground of a universal local gauge principle. I discuss the
different types of bosonic gauge symmetries in gravitational and
nongravitational (standard model) interactions and their extensions both
fermionic, bosonic and with respect to space-time dimensions. The apparently
paradoxical size and nature of the cosmological constant is sketched, which at
first sight does not readily yield a clue as to the envelopping symmetry
structure of a unified theory. Nevertheless a tentative outlook is given
encouraging to proceed on this road.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76554 </DOCNO>
Systematics of Charged Particle Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions with


  The multiplicity of charged particles produced in Au+Au collisions as a
function of energy, centrality, rapidity and azimuthal angle has been measured
with the PHOBOS detector at RHIC. These results contribute to our understanding
of the initial state of heavy ion collisions and provide a means to compare
basic features of particle production in nuclear collisions with more
elementary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98453 </DOCNO>
Heterotic String Data and Theta Functions


  The data required for heterotic string theory with gauge group G, which for
anomaly cancellationmust either be E8 x E8 or Spin(32)/Z2, consist of the
following: a ten-dimensional space-time X and a principal G-bundle P. The
fields in the theory consist of: a metric on X, a connection on P and a B-field
which is, roughly speaking, a two-form on X. As in a gauge theory, these fields
are considered up to gauge equivalence. This means that the connection is
considered up to bundle isomorphism, that the metric is considered up to
diffeomorphism equivalence, and that the two-form B is considered up to
equivalence by adding exact two-forms. The fact that B has a gauge invariance
implies that it is not in fact a globally defined two-form but rather must be
given as a gerbe-like object. The purpose of this paper is to give a precise
definition of the mathematical nature of the B-field following the recent work
of Freed and then to work out a description of the moduli space of
8-dimensional Euclidean invariant classical solutions to the string Equations
of Motion in the case when space-time is compactified along a two-torus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 11 </DOCNO>
Positive P simulations of spin squeezing in a two-component Bose


  The collisional interaction in a Bose condensate represents a non-linearity
which in analogy with non-linear optics gives rise to unique quantum features.
In this paper we apply a Monte Carlo method based on the positive P
pseudo-probability distribution from quantum optics to analyze the efficiency
of spin squeezing by collisions in a two-component condensate. The squeezing
can be controlled by choosing appropiate collision parameters or by
manipulating the motional states of the two components.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86273 </DOCNO>
Extending the lifetime of 3D black hole computations with a new


  We present a new many-parameter family of hyperbolic representations of
Einstein's equations, which we obtain by a straightforward generalization of
previously known systems. We solve the resulting evolution equations
numerically for a Schwarzschild black hole in three spatial dimensions, and
find that the stability of the simulation is strongly dependent on the form of
the equations (i.e. the choice of parameters of the hyperbolic system),
independent of the numerics. For an appropriate range of parameters we can
evolve a single 3D black hole to $t \simeq 600 M$ -- $1300 M$, and are
apparently limited by constraint-violating solutions of the evolution
equations. We expect that our method should result in comparable times for
evolutions of a binary black hole system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179404 </DOCNO>
Pi0 photo- and electroproduction at threshold within a dynamical model


  We show that, within a meson-exchange dynamical model describing most of the
existing pion electromagnetic production data up to the second resonance
region, one is also able to obtain a good agreement with the pi0 photo- and
electroproduction data near threshold. The potentials used in the model are
derived from an effective chiral Lagrangian. The only sizable discrepancy
between our results and the data is in the P-wave amplitude P3 = 2M1+ + M1-,
where our prediction underestimate the data by about 20%. In the case of pi0
production, the effects of final state interaction in the threshold region are
nearly saturated by single charge exchange rescattering. This indicates that in
ChPT it might be sufficient to carry out the calculation just up to one-loop
diagrams for threshold neutral pion production.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73942 </DOCNO>
Higgs boson production at Tevatron Run II and LHC


  The main production channels of the Higgs boson at hadron colliders are
briefly reviewed and recent developments in the calculation of QCD effects are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74150 </DOCNO>
Next to leading order predictions for pi_0 gamma and pi_0 pi_0


  The precise knowledge of photon pair production rates at the LHC is crucial
to estimate the sensitivity to a Higgs boson in the intermediate mass range.
This background consists not only of prompt photons but also of fake photons
stemming from pion decay. We present next to leading order predictions for the
invariant mass distributions of pion photon and pion pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4967 </DOCNO>
The nu=5/2 quantum Hall state revisited


  We review a recent development in the theoretical understanding of the nu=5/2
quantum Hall plateau and propose a new conformal field theory, slightly
different from the Moore-Read one, to describe a new universality class of this
plateau. The ground state is still given by the Pfaffian and is completely
polarized, however, the elementary quasiholes are charge 1/2 anyons with
abelian statistics theta=pi/2, which obey complete spin-charge separation. The
physical hole is represented by two such quasiholes plus a free neutral
Majorana fermion. The edge spectrum of the new state is symmetric with respect
to the particle-hole transformation. Finally, we find indications of a two-step
phase transition between the new and the Moore-Read states, through a
compressible state, which is characterized by spontaneous breaking of the
charge conjugation symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114206 </DOCNO>
Ionospheric effects of the solar flares as deduced from global GPS


  Results derived from analysing the ionosphere response to faint and bright
solar flares are presented. The analysis used technology of a global detection
of ionospheric effects from solar flares as developed by the authors, on the
basis of phase measurements of the total electron content (TEC) in the
ionosphere using an international GPS network. The essence of the method is
that use is made of appropriate filtering and a coherent processing of
variations in the TEC which is determined from GPS data, simultaneously for the
entire set of visible GPS satellites at all stations used in the analysis. This
technique is useful for identifying the ionospheric response to faint solar
flares (of X-ray class C) when the variation amplitude of the TEC response to
separate line-on-sight to GPS satellite is comparable to the level of
background fluctuations. The dependence of the TEC variation response amplitude
on the flares location on the Sun is investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124700 </DOCNO>
Testing the Unified Model with an Infrared Selected Sample of Seyfert


  We present a series of statistical tests done to a sample of 29 Seyfert 1 and
59 Seyfert 2 galaxies selected from mostly isotropic properties, their far
infrared fluxes and warm infrared colors. Such selection criteria provide a
profound advantage over the criteria used by most investigators in the past,
such as ultraviolet excess. These tests were done using ground based high
resolution VLA A-configuration 3.6 cm radio and optical B and I imaging data.
  From the relative number of Seyfert 1's and Seyfert 2's we calculate that the
torus half opening angle is 48deg. We show that, as seen in previous papers,
there is a lack of edge-on Seyfert 1 galaxies, suggesting dust and gas along
the host galaxy disk probably play an important role in hiding some nuclei from
direct view. We find that there is no statistically significant difference in
the distribution of host galaxy morphological types and radio luminosities of
Seyfert 1's and Seyfert 2's, suggesting that previous results showing the
opposite may have been due to selection effects. The average extension of the
radio emission of Seyfert 1's is smaller than that of Seyfert 2's by a factor
of ~2-3, as predicted by the Unified Model. A search for galaxies around our
Seyferts allows us to put a lower and an upper limit on the possible number of
companions around these galaxies of 19% and 28%, respectively, with no
significant difference in the number of companion galaxies between Seyfert 1's
and Seyfert 2's. We also show that there is no preference for the radio jets to
be aligned closer to the host galaxy disk axis in late type Seyferts, unlike
results claimed by previous papers. These results, taken together, provide
strong support for a Unified Model in which type 2 Seyferts contain a torus
seen more edge-on than the torus in type 1 Seyferts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126275 </DOCNO>
Globular Cluster Subpopulations in Early-Type Galaxies: Insights into


  New and archival HST images of the globular cluster systems of 17 relatively
nearby galaxies and 6 more distant galaxies have been used to establish the
characteristics of GC subpopulations over a range of host galaxy morphological
type from E5 to Sa. GC color/metallicity, size and luminosity distributions
have been examined in the nearby galaxies and color distributions have been
determined for the more distant sample. Correlations with parent galaxy
properties and trends with galactocentric radius have been explored.
Supplemented with Keck spectroscopy, our results are best explained by an in
situ formation scenario in which both GC subpopulations formed at early times
within the potential well of the protogalaxy, in multiple episodes of star
formation. We have also discovered a third population of clusters,
fundamentally distinct from the compact red and blue clusters common in early
type galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81131 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative renormalization of the quark condensate in


  We present a method to compute non-perturbatively the renormalization
constant of the scalar density for Ginsparg-Wilson fermions. It relies on
chiral symmetry and is based on a matching of renormalization group invariant
masses at fixed pseudoscalar meson mass, making use of results previously
obtained by the ALPHA Collaboration for O(a)-improved Wilson fermions. Our
approach is quite general and enables the renormalization of scalar and
pseudoscalar densities in lattice regularizations that preserve chiral symmetry
and of fermion masses in any regularization. As an application we compute the
non-perturbative factor which relates the renormalization group invariant quark
condensate to its bare counterpart, obtained with overlap fermions at beta=5.85
in the quenched approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81419 </DOCNO>
Functional Forms for Lattice Correlators at Small Times


  The analytic form of the lattice quark propagator is used to derive the
functional form for short distance mesonic correlators. These are then used to
calculate ``Continuum Model'' Ansatze which comprise of a pole, representing
the ground state, plus a contribution for the excited states, coming from the
short distance behaviour. These are compared to Monte Carlo data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73131 </DOCNO>
Propagators and Dimensional Reduction of Hot SU(2) Gauge Theory


  We investigate the large distance behavior of the electric and magnetic
propagators of hot SU(2) gauge theory in different gauges using lattice
simulations of the full 4d theory and the effective, dimensionally reduced 3d
theory. Comparison of the 3d and 4d propagators suggests that dimensional
reduction works surprisingly well down to the temperature T=2 T_c. Within
statistical uncertainty the electric screening mass is found to be gauge
independent. The magnetic propagator, on the other hand, exhibits a complicated
gauge dependent structure at low momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127970 </DOCNO>
High-resolution HI Mapping of NGC 4038/9 ("The Antennae") and its Tidal


  We present new VLA C+D-array HI observations and optical and NIR imaging of
the well known interacting system NGC 4038/9, ``The Antennae''. The radio data
reveal a wealth of gaseous sub-structure both within the main bodies of the
galaxies and along the tidal tails. In agreement with previous HI studies, we
find that the northern tail has HI along its outer length, but none along its
base. We suggest that the HI at the base of this tail has been ionized by
massive stars in the disk of NGC 4038. The gas in the southern tail has a
bifurcated structure, with one filament lying along the optical tail and
another running parallel to it but with no optical counterpart. The two
filaments join just before the location of several star forming regions near
the end of the tail. The HI velocity field at the end of the tail is dominated
by strong velocity gradients which suggest that at this location the tail is
bending away from us. We delineate and examine two regions within the tail
previously identified as possible sites of a so-called ``tidal dwarf galaxy''
condensing out of the expanding tidal material. The tail velocity gradients
mask any clear kinematic signature of a self-gravitating condensation in this
region. A dynamical analysis suggest that there is not enough mass in gas alone
for either of these regions to be self-gravitating. Conversely, if they are
bound they require a significant contribution to their dynamical mass from
evolved stars or dark matter. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98704 </DOCNO>
Approximate Distribution of Hitting Probabilities for a Regular Surface


  Generalizing the well-known relations on characteristic functions on a plane
to the case of a one-dimensional regular surface (curve) with compact support,
we establish implicit equations for these functions. Introducing an
approximation, we solve the combinatorial problems and reduce these equations
to a set of linear equations for a finite number of unknown functions. Imposing
natural conditions, we obtain a closed system of linear equations which can be
solved for a given surface. Its solutions can be used to calculate the
distribution of hitting probabilities for a regular surface with compact
support.
   In order to verify the accuracy of the approximate distribution of hitting
probabilities, numerical analysis is being made for a chosen surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127381 </DOCNO>
Very High Energy Gamma Ray Emission from Crab Nebula with the PACT Array


  The Crab nebula has proved to be the nearest to a standard candle in VHE
$\gamma-$ ray astronomy. Results on the gamma ray emission from the nebula at
various energies have come in the last decade mostly from imaging telescopes.
The aim of the new Pachmarhi Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescope (PACT) array has
been to use the temporal and spatial distribution of Cerenkov photons in
distinguishing between proton and gamma ray showers. The array, with timing
information from 175 mirrors, is ideally suited for precise estimation of the
arrival direction. Preliminary results from the recent data taken on Crab has
shown a 12$\sigma$ signal with the flux in good agreement with those of the
other experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179424 </DOCNO>
Approximate boost of the relativistic two-body problem in instant


  Considering two spinless particles, a simple, approximate boost rule is
derived that is sufficient to keep the mass invariant and to relate
interactions, vertex functions, wave functions and t-matrices of the instant
two-body problem in an arbitrary frame to those in the c.m. frame. The boost
generator ${\bf K}$ that is used provides a solution to the Poincar\'{e}
algebra except for the commutator between two components of ${\bf K}$, for
which it provids an approximate solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83715 </DOCNO>
Using the Distribution of Performance for Studying Statistical NLP


  Statistical NLP systems are frequently evaluated and compared on the basis of
their performances on a single split of training and test data. Results
obtained using a single split are, however, subject to sampling noise. In this
paper we argue in favour of reporting a distribution of performance figures,
obtained by resampling the training data, rather than a single number. The
additional information from distributions can be used to make statistically
quantified statements about differences across parameter settings, systems, and
corpora.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124788 </DOCNO>
ASCA Temperature Maps of Three Clusters of Galaxies Abell 1060, AWM7,


  We present two-dimensional temperature maps of three bright clusters of
galaxies Abell 1060, AWM7, and the Centaurus cluster, based on multi-pointing
observations with the ASCA GIS. The temperatures are derived from hardness
ratios by taking into account the XRT response. For the Centaurus cluster, we
subtracted the central cool component using the previous ASCA and ROSAT
results, and the metallicity gradients observed in AWM7 and the Centaurus
cluster were included in deriving the temperatures. The intracluster medium in
Abell 1060 and AWM7 is almost isothermal from the center to outer regions with
a temperature of 3.3 and 3.9 keV, respectively. The Centaurus cluster exhibits
remarkable hot regions within about 30' from the cluster center showing a
temperature increase of +0.8 keV from the surrounding level of 3.5 keV, and
outer cool regions with lower temperatures by -1.3 keV. These results imply
that a strong merger has occurred in the Centaurus in the recent 2-3 Gyr, and
the central cool component has survived it. In contrast, the gas in Abell 1060
was well-mixed in an early period, which probably has prevented the development
of the central cool component. In AWM7, mixing of the gas should have occurred
in a period earlier than the epoch of metal enrichment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74028 </DOCNO>
Radiative Corrections to Polarized Inelastic Scattering in Coincidence


  The coplete analysis of the model-independent leading radiative corrections
to cross-section and polarization observables in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic
electron-nucleus scattering with detection of a proton and scattered electron
in coincidence has been performed. The basis of the calculations consists of
the Drell-Yan like representation in electrodynamics for both spin-independent
and spin-dependent parts of the cross-section in terms of the electron
structure functions. The applications to the polarization transfer effect from
longitudinally polarized electron beam to detected proton as well as to
scattering by the polarized target are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97056 </DOCNO>
Arbitrarily Large Neighborly Families of Congruent Symmetric Convex


  We construct, for any positive integer n, a family of n congruent convex
polyhedra in R^3, such that every pair intersects in a common facet.
Previously, the largest such family contained only eight polytopes. Our
polyhedra are Voronoi regions of evenly distributed points on the helix (t, cos
t, sin t). With a simple modification, we can ensure that each polyhedron in
the family has a point, a line, and a plane of symmetry. We also generalize our
construction to higher dimensions and introduce a new family of cyclic
polytopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 71 </DOCNO>
Uniting Bose-Einstein condensates in optical resonators


  The relative phase of two initially independent Bose-Einstein condensates can
be laser cooled to unite the two condensates by putting them into a ring cavity
and coupling them with an internal Josephson junction. First, we show that this
phase cooling process already appears within a semiclassical model. We
calculate the stationary states, find regions of bistable behavior and suggest
a Ramsey-type experiment to measure the build up of phase coherence between the
condensates. We also study quantum effects and imperfections of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97592 </DOCNO>
Presenting Schur Algebras


  We obtain a presentation of Schur algebras (both the classical and quantized
versions) in terms of generators and relations. The presentation is compatible
with the usual presentation of the (quantized or classical) enveloping algebra
of gl(n). As a result, we obtain a new rational basis for Schur algebras which
is a truncated form of the PBW basis. A similar new integral basis is obtained,
which is related to Kostant's basis of the integral form of the enveloping
algebra. Projection onto an appropriate component gives a new ``integral''
basis and a presentation for the Hecke algebra, compatible with the basis and
presentation for the Schur algebra. Finally, we find a second presentation of
Schur algebras which is similar to Luzstig's modified form of the quantized
enveloping algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126880 </DOCNO>
One-sided jet at milliarcsecond scales in LSI+61303


  We present Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations of the high
mass X-ray binary LSI+61303, carried out with the European VLBI Network (EVN).
Over the 11 hour observing run, performed 10 days after a radio outburst, the
radio source showed a constant flux density, which allowed sensitive imaging of
the emission distribution. The structure in the map shows a clear extension to
the southeast. Comparing our data with previous VLBI observations we interpret
the extension as a collimated radio jet as found in several other X-ray
binaries. Assuming that the structure is the result of an expansion that
started at the onset of the outburst, we derive an apparent expansion velocity
of 0.003 c, which, in the context of Doppler boosting, corresponds to an
intrinsic velocity of at least 0.4 c for an ejection close to the line of
sight. From the apparent velocity in all available epochs we are able to
establish variations in the ejection angle which imply a precessing accretion
disk. Finally we point out that LSI+61303, like SS433 and Cygnus X-1, shows
evidence for an emission region almost orthogonal to the relativistic jet.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99228 </DOCNO>
Forcing axiom failure for any lambda>aleph_1


  David Aspero asks on the possibility of having Forcing axiom FA_{aleph_2}(K),
where K is the class of forcing notions preserving stationarity of subsets of
aleph_1 and of aleph_2. We answer negatively, in fact we show the negative
result for any regular lambda>aleph_1 even demanding adding no new sequence of
ordinals of length<lambda.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148199 </DOCNO>
Tachyon Condensation and the Emergence of Fermionic Strings from the


  The results conjectured here are based on tachyon condensation in
compactified bosonic strings. They can in fact be proven from compactification
alone, but this step was not treated consistently here. The proof is given in a
new version of the paper: hep-th/0106235

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72368 </DOCNO>
Neutralino Proton Cross Section and Dark Matter Detection


  We consider the neutralino proton cross section for detection of Milky Way
dark matter for a number of supergravity models with gauge unification at the
GUT scale: models with universal soft breaking (mSUGRA), models with
nonuniversal soft breaking, and string inspired D-brane models. The parameter
space examined includes m_{1/2}<1 TeV and tan \beta < 50, and the recent Higgs
bound of m_h >114 GeV is imposed. (For grand unified models, this bound is to
be imposed for all tan \beta.) All coannihilation effects are included as well
as the recent NLO corrections to b\to s\gamma for large tan \beta, and
coannihilation effects are shown to be sensitive to A_0 for large tan \beta. In
all models, current detectors are sampling parts of the paramater space i. e.
tan \beta >~ 25 for mSUGRA, tan \beta >~ 7 for nonuniversal models, and tan
\beta>~ 20 for D-brane models. Future detectors should be able to cover almost
the full parameter space for \mu > 0. For \mu< 0, cancellations can occur for
m_{1/2} >~ 450 GeV, allowing the cross sections to become ~< 10^{-10} pb for
limited ranges of tan\beta. (The positions of these cancellations are seen to
be sensitive to the value of \sigma_{\pi N}.) In this case, the gluino and
squarks lie above 1 TeV, but still should be accessible to the LHC if m_{1/2}
<1 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97900 </DOCNO>
The tangent bundle of an almost-complex free loopspace


  The space LV of free loops on a manifold V inherits an action of the circle
group \T. When V has an almost-complex structure, the tangent bundle of the
free loopspace, pulled back over a certain infinite cyclic cover \tilde LV, has
an equivariant decomposition as a completion of \TV \otimes (\oplus \C(k)),
where \TV is an equivariant bundle on the cover, nonequivariantly isomorphic to
the pullback of TV along evaluation at the basepoint (and \oplus \C(k) denotes
an algebra of Laurent polynomials). On a flat manifold, this analog of Fourier
analysis is classical.
  This construction uses a model for the universal cover of the space of
conjugacy classes in the unitary group (also known as a symmetric product of
copies of the circle) which may be of independent interest.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168884 </DOCNO>
Chaos in the Quantum Double Well Oscillator: The Ehrenfest View


  We treat the double well quantum oscillator from the standpoint of the
Ehrenfest equation but in a manner different from Pattanayak and Schieve. We
show that for short times there can be chaotic motion due to quantum
fluctuations, but over sufficiently long times the behaviour is normal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169109 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory and Probabilities


  It is often stated that quantum mechanics only makes statistical predictions
and that a quantum state is described by the various probability distributions
associated with it. Can we describe a quantum state completely in terms of
probabilities and then use it to describe quantum dynamics? What is the origin
of the probability distribution for a maximally specified quantum state?
  Is quantum mechanics `local' or is there an essential nonlocality
(nonseparability) inherent in quantum mechanics? These questions are discussed
in this paper. The decay of an unstable quantum state and the time dependence
of a minimum uncertainty states for future times as well as past times are also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124812 </DOCNO>
The Theory of Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets


  Straddling the traditional realms of the planets and the stars, objects below
the edge of the main sequence have such unique properties, and are being
discovered in such quantities, that one can rightly claim that a new field at
the interface of planetary science and and astronomy is being born. In this
review, we explore the essential elements of the theory of brown dwarfs and
giant planets, as well as of the new spectroscopic classes L and T. To this
end, we describe their evolution, spectra, atmospheric compositions, chemistry,
physics, and nuclear phases and explain the basic systematics of
substellar-mass objects across three orders of magnitude in both mass and age
and a factor of 30 in effective temperature. Moreover, we discuss the
distinctive features of those extrasolar giant planets that are irradiated by a
central primary, in particular their reflection spectra, albedos, and transits.
Aspects of the latest theory of Jupiter and Saturn are also presented.
Throughout, we highlight the effects of condensates, clouds, molecular
abundances, and molecular/atomic opacities in brown dwarf and giant planet
atmospheres and summarize the resulting spectral diagnostics. Where possible,
the theory is put in its current observational context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124583 </DOCNO>
Primordial Black Holes and the Asymmetrical Distribution of Short GRB


  We review some of the expectations for Primordial Black Hole evaporation and
we review the properties of short Gamma Ray Bursts. It is plausible that these
GRB come from PBH evaporation. We then show that the angular distribution
asymmetry recently observed by us could be due to a concentration of PBH in the
Galactic Arms like the Orion arm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148385 </DOCNO>
Higher dimensional flat embeddings of black strings in (2+1) dimensions


  We obtain (3+1) and (3+2) dimensional global flat embeddings of (2+1)
uncharged and charged black strings, respectively. In particular, the charged
black string, which is the dual solution of the Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli
black holes, is shown to be embedded in the same global embedding Minkowski
space structure as that of the (2+1) charged de Sitter black hole solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99055 </DOCNO>
Two-Parameter Differential Calculus on the h-Exterior Plane


  We construct a two-parameter covariant differential calculus on the quantum
$h$-exterior plane. We also give a deformation of the two-dimensional fermionic
phase space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125045 </DOCNO>
The Ionization of Nearby Interstellar Gas


  We present new calculations of the photoionization of interstellar matter
within ~5 pc of the Sun (which we refer to as the Complex of Local Interstellar
Clouds or CLIC) by directly observed radiation sources including nearby hot
stars and the diffuse emission of the Soft X-ray Background (SXRB). In
addition, we model the important, unobserved EUV emission both from the hot gas
responsible for the SXRB and from a possible evaporative boundary between the
CLIC and the hot gas. We carry out radiative transfer calculations and show
that these radiation sources can provide the ionization and heating of the
cloud required to match a variety of observations. The ionization predicted in
our models shows good agreement with pickup ion results, interstellar
absorption line data towards epsilon CMa, and EUV opacity measurements of
nearby white dwarf stars. Including the radiation from the conductive boundary
improves agreement with data on the temperature and electron density in the
cloud. The presence of dust in the cloud, or at least depleted abundances, is
necessary to maintain the heating/cooling balance and reach the observed
temperature. Using the column density observations as inputs, we derive the gas
phase abundances of C, N, O, Mg, Si, S and Fe. Based on these inferred
depletions, it appears that silicate and iron dust exists in the CLIC, while
carbonaceous dust has been destroyed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96309 </DOCNO>
Index hypergeometric transform and imitation of analysis of Berezin


  We discuss properties of the index hypergeometric transform (it is named also
the Jacobi transform or the Olevsky transform) interpolating analysis of
Berezin kernels on rank 1 symmetric spaces. We discuss a unitary intertwining
operator from $L^2$ on symmetric space to Berezin deformation of $L^2$. We also
find images of some differential operators under the index transform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124524 </DOCNO>
Extensive Air Shower Simulations with CORSIKA and the Influence of


  When high-energy cosmic rays (gamma's, protons, or heavy nuclei) impinge onto
the Earth's atmosphere, they interact at high altitude with the air nuclei as
targets. By repeated interaction of the secondaries an `extensive air shower'
(EAS) is generated with huge particle numbers in the maximum of the shower
development. Such cascades are quantitatively simulated by the Monte Carlo
computer program CORSIKA. The most important uncertainties in simulations arise
from modeling of high-energy hadronic interactions: a) The inelastic hadron-air
cross sections. b) The energies occurring in EAS may extend far above the
energies available in man-made accelerators, and when extrapolating towards
higher energies one has to rely on theoretical guidelines. c) In collider
experiments which are used to adjust the interaction models the very forward
particles are not accessible, but just those particles carry most of the
hadronic energy, and in the EAS development they transport a large energy
fraction down into the atmosphere. CORSIKA is coupled alternatively with 6
high-energy hadronic interaction codes (DPMJET, HDPM, neXus, QGSJET, SIBYLL,
VENUS). The influence of those interaction models on observables of simulated
EAS is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2343 </DOCNO>
Theory of Type-II Superconductors with Finite London Penetration Depth


  Previous continuum theory of type-II superconductors of various shapes with
and without vortex pinning in an applied magnetic field and with transport
current, is generalized to account for a finite London penetration depth
lambda. This extension is particularly important at low inductions B, where the
transition to the Meissner state is now described correctly, and for films with
thickness comparable to or smaller than lambda. The finite width of the surface
layer with screening currents and the correct dc and ac responses in various
geometries follow naturally from an equation of motion for the current density
in which the integral kernel now accounts for finite lambda. New geometries
considered here are thick and thin strips with applied current, and `washers',
i.e. thin film squares with a slot and central hole as used for SQUIDs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75242 </DOCNO>
N=2 Supersymmetric GUT Breaking on $T^2$ Orbifolds


  We study the 6-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric grand unified theories with
gauge group SU(N) and $ SO(M)$ on the extra space orbifolds $T^2/(Z_2)^3$ and
$T^2/(Z_2)^4$, which can be broken down to the 4-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric
$SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)^{n-3}$ model for the zero modes. We also study
the models which have two SU(2) Higgs doublets (zero modes) from the
6-dimensional vector multiplet. We give the particle spectra, present the
fields, the number of 4-dimensional supersymmetry and gauge group on the
observable 3-brane or 4-brane and discuss some phenomenology for those models.
Furthermore, we generalize our procedure for $(4+m)$-dimensional $N$
supersymmetric GUT breaking on the space-time $M^4\times T^m/(Z_2)^L$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1307 </DOCNO>
Micellization in the presence of polyelectrolyte


  We present a simple model to study micellization of amphiphiles condensed on
a rodlike polyion. Although the mean field theory leads to a first order
micellization transition for sufficiently strong hydrophobic interactions, the
simulations show that no such thermodynamic phase transition exists. Instead,
the correlations between the condensed amphiphiles can result in a structure
formation very similar to micelles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77000 </DOCNO>
Flow equations for chiral problem in QCD


  We analyze the chiral symmetry breaking of QCD in the Coulomb gauge. Using
flow equations, we derive the renormalized gap equation and the Bethe-Salpeter
equation and show that they are finite in both UV and IR regions. No additional
UV renormalization is required in the chiral limit. We take into account the
hyperfine interaction as well as chiral symmetry breaking and obtain the
$\pi-\rho$ mass splitting caused by the instantaneous and dynamical
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96582 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphism invariant Colombeau algebras. Part II: Classification


  This contribution presents a comprehensive analysis of Colombeau (-type)
algebras in the range between the diffeomorphism invariant algebra introduced
in Part I and Colombeau's original algebra. Along the way, it provides several
classification results which are indispensable for obtaining an intrinsic
description of a (full) Colombeau algebra on a manifold. The latter will be the
focus of Part III of this series of contributions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123798 </DOCNO>
Color Transformations for the 2MASS Second Incremental Data Release


  Transformation equations are presented to convert colors and magnitudes
measured in the AAO, ARNICA, CIT, DENIS, ESO, LCO (Persson standards), MSSSO,
SAAO, and UKIRT photometric systems to the photometric system inherent to the
2MASS Second Incremental Data Release. The transformations have been derived by
comparing 2MASS photometry with published magnitudes and colors for stars
observed in these systems. Transformation equations have also been derived
indirectly for the Bessell & Brett (1988) and Koornneef (1983) homogenized
photometric systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97709 </DOCNO>
Universal Lie algebra extensions via commutative structures


  We consider some special type extensions of an arbitrary Lie algebra, which
we call universal extensions. We show that these extensions are in one-to-one
correspondence with finite dimensional associative commutative algebras. We
also construct a special kind of these extensions, that correspond to a finite
commutative monoids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124833 </DOCNO>
Hubble Space Telescope Images of Stephan's Quintet: Star Cluster


  Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images of
Stephan's Quintet, Hickson Compact Group 92, yielded 115 candidate star
clusters (with V-I < 1.5). Unlike in merger remants, the cluster candidates in
Stephan's Quintet are not clustered in the inner regions of the galaxies; they
are spread over the debris and surrounding area. Specifically, these sources
are located in the long sweeping tail and spiral arms of NGC 7319, in the tidal
debris of NGC 7318B/A, and in the intragroup starburst region north of these
galaxies. Analysis of the colors of the clusters indicates several distinct
epochs of star formation that appear to trace the complex history of dynamical
interactions in this compact group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168442 </DOCNO>
The Quantum Zeno Effect - Evolution of an Atom Impeded by Measurement


  The evolution of a quantum system is supposed to be impeded by measurement of
an involved observable. This effect has been proven indistinguishable from the
effect of dephasing the system's wave function, except in an individual quantum
system. The coherent dynamics, on an optical E2 line, of a single trapped ion
driven by light of negligible phase drift has been alternated with
interrogations of the internal ion state. Retardation of the ion's nutation,
equivalent to the quantum Zeno effect, is demonstrated in the statistics of
sequences of probe-light scattering ''on'' and ''off'' detections, the latter
representing back-action-free measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41043 </DOCNO>
A Study of B meson Decays to Charm at Belle


  With ~10fb$^{-1}$ data from Belle, the results of b to c and u decays have
been represented here. Several decay modes have been studied, which include
charmonium, semileptonic decay and Cabibbo-suppressed decays mode. The
preliminary results and the measurements of KM matrix elements will also be
presented here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113935 </DOCNO>
An intense, slow and cold beam of metastable Ne(3s) ^3P_2 atoms


  We employ laser cooling to intensify and cool an atomic beam of metastable
Ne(3s) atoms. Using several collimators, a slower and a compressor we achieve a
^{20}Ne^* flux of 6 10^{10} atoms/s in an 0.7 mm diameter beam traveling at 100
m/s, and having longitudinal and transverse temperatures of 25mK and 300microK,
respectively. This constitutes the highest flux in a concentrated beam achieved
to date with metastable rare gas atoms. We characterize the action of the
various cooling stages in terms of their influence on the flux, diameter and
divergence of the atomic beam. The brightness and brilliance achieved are 2.1
10^{21} s^{-1} m^{-2} sr^{-1} and 5.0 10^{22} s^{-1} m^{-2} sr^{-1},
respectively, comparable to the highest values reported for alkali-metal beams.
Bright beams of the ^{21}Ne and ^{22}Ne isotopes have also been created.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74450 </DOCNO>
Universal Extra Dimensions and the Muon Magnetic Moment


  We analyze the muon anomalous magnetic moment in the context of universal
extra dimensions. Our computation shows that the bound from electroweak data on
the size of these dimensions allows only a small shift in the muon magnetic
moment given by Kaluza-Klein modes of standard model fields. In the
well-motivated case of two universal extra dimensions, additional contributions
arising from physics at scales where the effective 6-dimensional standard model
breaks down, given by dimension-ten operators, have a natural size comparable
to the sensitivity of the muon (g-2) experiment at BNL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5414 </DOCNO>
Magneto-exciton in single and coupled type II quantum dots


  We studied the exciton energy in a type II quantum disk as a function of the
magnetic field, disk radius R and height d. We found angular momentum
transitions for dots with d >> 2R. Application of an electric field
perpendicular to the disk showed a non-linear Stark shift. In the case of three
vertically coupled dots angular momentum transistions were found for small
interdot distances which disappeared with increasing interdot distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125094 </DOCNO>
Deep near-IR observations of the Chandra Deep Field and of the HDF-South


  We present near-IR (J and Ks) number counts and colors of galaxies detected
in deep VLT-ISAAC images centered on the Chandra Deep Field and Hubble Deep
Field-South for a total area of 13.6 arcmin$^2$. The limiting surface
brightness obtained is Ks$\simeq$22.8 mag/arcsec$^2$ and J$\simeq$24.5
(1$\sigma$) on both fields. A d$log$N/dm relation with a slope of $\sim0.34$ in
J and $\sim0.28$ in Ks is found in both fields with no evidence of decline near
the magnitude limit. The median J-Ks color of galaxies becomes bluer at
magnitudes fainter than Ks$\sim18$, in agreement with the different number
counts slope observed in the two bands. We find a fraction ($\le5%$ of the
total sample) of sources with color redder than J-Ks=2.3 at magnitudes Ks$>20$.
Most of them appear as isolated sources, possibly elliptical or dusty starburst
galaxies at redshift $z>2$. The comparison of the observed number counts with
models shows that our J-band and Ks-band counts are consistent with the
prediction of a model based on a small amount of merging in a $\Omega=1$
cosmology. On the other hand, we fail to reproduce the observed counts if we do
not consider merging independently of the parameters defining the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169553 </DOCNO>
Minimum-error discrimination between subsets of linearly dependent


  A measurement strategy is developed for a new kind of hypothesis testing. It
assigns, with minimum probability of error, the state of a quantum system to
one or the other of two complementary subsets of a set of N given
non-orthogonal quantum states occurring with given a priori probabilities.
Simple analytical solutions are obtained for N real states that are resticted
to a two-dimensional subspace of the Hilbert space of the system, as well as
for three arbitrary but linearly dependent states. The latter result is applied
to a variety of sets of three states that are symmetric and equally probable.
It is found that, in this case, the minimum error probability for
distinguishing one of the states from the other two is only about half as large
as the minimum error probability for distinguishing all three states
individually.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127383 </DOCNO>
Are there sextuplet and octuplet image systems?


  We study gravitational lensing by the family of scale-free galaxies with flat
rotation curves. The models are defined by a shape function, which prescribes
the radius of the isophote as a function of position angle from the major axis.
The critical curves are analytic, while the caustic network is reducible to a
simple quadrature. The cusps are always located at the turning points of the
shape function. We show that the models with exactly elliptic isophotes never
admit butterfly or swallowtail cusps and so have at most 4 (or 5) images.
Higher order imaging is brought about by deviations of the isophotes from pure
ellipses -- such as pointedness caused by embedded disks or boxiness caused by
recent merging. The criteria for the onset of sextuple and octuple imaging can
be calculated analytically in terms of the ellipticity and the fourth-order
Fourier coefficients (a_4 and b_4) used by observers to parametrise the
isophote shapes. The 6 or 8 images are arranged roughly in a circle, which
appears as an incomplete Einstein ring if inadequately resolved. Using data on
the shapes of elliptical galaxies and merger remnants, we estimate that 1% of
all multiply imaged quasars may be sextuplet systems or higher. Forthcoming
satellites like the Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA)
will provide datasets of roughly 4000 multiply imaged systems, and so about 40
will show sextuple imaging or higher.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41870 </DOCNO>
Charmless Exclusive Baryonic B Decays


  We present a systematical study of two-body and three-body charmless baryonic
B decays. Branching ratios for two-body modes are in general very small,
typically less than $10^{-6}$, except that $\B(B^-\to p \bar\Delta^{--})\sim
1\times 10^{-6}$. In general, $\bar B\to N\bar\Delta>\bar B\to N\bar N$ due to
the large coupling constant for $\Sigma_b\to B\Delta$. For three-body modes we
focus on octet baryon final states. The leading three-dominated modes are $\bar
B^0\to p\bar n\pi^-(\rho^-), n\bar p\pi^+(\rho^+)$ with a branching ratio of
order $3\times 10^{-6}$ for $\bar B^0\to p\bar n\pi^-$ and $8\times 10^{-6}$
for $\bar B^0\to p\bar n\rho^-$. The penguin-dominated decays with strangeness
in the meson, e.g., $B^-\to p\bar p K^{-(*)}$ and $\bar B^0\to p\bar n
K^{-(*)}, n\bar n \bar K^{0(*)}$, have appreciable rates and the $N\bar N$ mass
spectrum peaks at low mass. The penguin-dominated modes containing a strange
baryon, e.g., $\bar B^0\to \Sigma^0\bar p\pi^+, \Sigma^-\bar n\pi^+$, have
branching ratios of order $(1\sim 4)\times 10^{-6}$. In contrast, the decay
rate of $\bar B^0\to\Lambda\bar p\pi^+$ is smaller. We explain why some of
charmless three-body final states in which baryon-antibaryon pair production is
accompanied by a meson have a larger rate than their two-body counterparts:
either the pole diagrams for the former have an anti-triplet bottom baryon
intermediate state, which has a large coupling to the $B$ meson and the
nucleon, or they are dominated by the factorizable external $W$-emission
process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87230 </DOCNO>
Towards a Theory of Quantum Black Hole


  We describe some specific quantum black hole model. It is pointed out that
the origin of a black hole entropy is the very process of quantum gravitational
collapse. The quantum black hole mass spectrum is extracted from the mass
spectrum of the gravitating source. The classical analog of quantum black hole
is constructed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87252 </DOCNO>
The Relation of Thermal Fluctuation and Information-Entropy for


  Within the framework of thermo-field-dynamics (TFD), the
information-entropies associated with the measurements of position and momentum
for one-dimensional Rindler oscillator are derived, and the connection between
its information-entropy and thermal fluctuation is obtained. A conclusion is
drawn that the thermal fluctuation leads to the loss of information.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2615 </DOCNO>
Controlled nonperturbative dynamics of quantum fields out of equilibrium


  We compute the nonequilibrium real-time evolution of an O(N)-symmetric scalar
quantum field theory from a systematic 1/N expansion of the 2PI effective
action to next-to-leading order, which includes scattering and memory effects.
In contrast to the standard 1/N expansion of the 1PI effective action, the
next-to-leading order expansion in presence of a possible expectation value for
the composite operator leads to a bounded time evolution where the truncation
error may be controlled by higher powers in 1/N. We present a detailed
comparison with the leading-order results and determine the range of validity
of standard mean field type approximations.
 We investigate ``quench'' and ``tsunami'' initial conditions frequently used
to mimic idealized far-from-equilibrium pion dynamics in the context of
heavy-ion collisions. For spatially homogeneous initial conditions we find
three generic regimes, characterized by an early-time exponential damping, a
parametrically slow (power-law) behavior at intermediate times, and a late-time
exponential approach to thermal equilibrium. The different time scales are
obtained from a numerical solution of the time-reversal invariant equations in
1+1 dimensions without further approximations. We discuss in detail the
out-of-equilibrium behavior of the nontrivial n-point correlation functions as
well as the evolution of a particle number distribution and inverse slope
parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168802 </DOCNO>
Universal dynamical control of quantum mechanical decay: Modulation of


  We derive and investigate an expression for the dynamically modified decay of
states coupled to an arbitrary continuum. This expression is universally valid
for weak temporal perturbations. The resulting insights can serve as useful
recipes for optimized control of decay and decoherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125705 </DOCNO>
Emission line outflows in PKS1549-79: the effects of the early stages of


  We present new spectroscopic observations of the southern radio galaxy
PKS1549-79 (z =0.152).Despite the flat spectrum character of the radio emission
from this source, our optical spectra show no sign of the broad permitted lines
and non-stellar continuum characteristic of quasar nuclei and broad line radio
galaxies. However, the high ionization forbidden lines, including
[OIII]5007,4959, are unusually broad for a narrow line radio galaxy (FWHM 1350
km/s), and are blueshifted by 600 km/s relative to the low ionization lines
such as[OII]3726,3729. The [OII] lines are also considerably narrower (FWHM 650
km/s) than the [OIII] lines, and have a redshift consistent with that of the
recently-detected HI 21cm absorption line system. Whereas the kinematics of the
[OIII] emission lines are consistent with outflow in an inner narrow line
region, the properties of the [OII] emission lines suggest that they are
emitted by a more extended and quiescent gaseous component. We argue that,
given the radio properties of the source, our line of sight is likely to be
lying close to the direction of bulk outflow of the radio jets. In this case it
is probable that the quasar nucleus is entirely obscured at optical wavelengths
by the material responsible for the HI absorption line system.The unusually
broad [OIII] emission lines suggest that the radio source is intrinsically
compact. Overall, our data are consistent the idea that PKS1549-79 is a radio
source in an early stage of evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124500 </DOCNO>
Clusters in the Precision Cosmology Era


  Over the coming decade, the observational samples available for studies of
cluster abundance evolution will increase from tens to hundreds, or possibly to
thousands, of clusters. Here we assess the power of future surveys to determine
cosmological parameters. We quantify the statistical differences among
cosmologies, including the effects of the cosmic equation of state parameter w,
in mock cluster catalogs simulating a 12 sq. deg Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect
survey and a deep 10^4 sq. deg X-ray survey. The constraints from clusters are
complementary to those from studies of high-redshift Supernovae (SNe), CMB
anisotropies, or counts of high-redshift galaxies. Our results indicate that a
statistical uncertainty of a few percent on both Omega_m and w can be reached
when cluster surveys are used in combination with any of these other datasets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98288 </DOCNO>
Homology stability for symplectic groups


  In this paper the homology stability for symplectic groups over a ring with
finite stable rank is established. First we develop a `nerve theorem' on the
homotopy type of a poset in terms of a cover by subposets, where the cover is
itself indexed by a poset. We use the nerve theorem to show that a poset of
sequences of isotropic vectors is highly connected, as conjectured by Charney
in the eighties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97068 </DOCNO>
There is no universal countable random-free graph


  We consider embeddings between infinite graphs. In particular, We establish
that there is no universal element in the class of countable graphs into which
the random graph is not embeddable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73637 </DOCNO>
Jet Quenching and the p-bar >= pi- Anomaly at RHIC


  PHENIX data on Au+Au at root(s)_= 130 AGeV suggest that p-bar yields may
exceed pi- at high p_T > 2 GeV/c. We propose that jet quenching in central
collisions suppresses the hard PQCD component of the spectra in central A+A
reactions, thereby exposing a novel component of baryon dynamics that we
attribute to (gluonic) baryon junctions. We predict that the observed p-bar >=
pi- and the p > pi+ anomaly at p_T ~ 2 GeV/c is limited to a finite p_T window
that decreases with increasing impact parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6293 </DOCNO>
Stiff-Glass Approximation of Mode-Coupling Theory


  The stiff-glass approximation of the mode-coupling theory of the
glass-transition--as introduced in a recent paper by G\"otze and Mayr for a
discussion of phenomena resembling the Boson Peak and High-Frequency Sound
observations made in real glass-formers--is examined in detail. It amounts to a
neglection of two-phonon processes and thus provides a clear physical picture
for the MCT solutions deep in the glass. In addition, the effect of additional
symplifying approximations and the combination of these approximations is
studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125078 </DOCNO>
The Variability of T Tau, RY Tau and RW Aur from 1899 to 1952


  We present the historical light curve of T Tau derived from photographic
plates in the Harvard College Observatory archives. We find that the optical
light of T Tau varied by 2-3 (or more) magnitudes on time scales as short as a
month prior to ~1917, consistent with the results of Lozinskii (1949). Extreme
light fluctuations of greater than 2 magnitudes abruptly ceased in the late
1910's and, to the best of our knowledge, have not repeated since this time. We
compare the observed light variations of T Tau to the T Tauri stars RY Tau and
RW Aur, whose light curves we also constructed from inspection of the archival
plates. We find that variable extinction along the line of sight to the star is
the most likely explanation for the observed light fluctuation of T Tau during
the early part of the 20th century.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174781 </DOCNO>
Antideuteron and antihelion production in root(s) = 130 GeV Au+Au


  The first measurements of light antinucleus production in Au+Au collisions at
RHIC are reported. The observed production rates for antideuterons and
antihelions are much larger than in lower energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. A
coalescence model analysis of the yields indicates that there is little or no
increase in the antinucleon freeze-out volume compared to collisions at SPS
energy. These analyses also indicate that the antihelion freeze-out volume is
smaller than the antideuteron freeze-out volume.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 303 </DOCNO>
A theory of the subgap photoemission in one - dimensional electron -


  For a one-dimensional electron-phonon system we consider the photon
absorption involving electronic excitations within the pseudogap energy range.
Within the adiabatic approximation for the electron - phonon interactions these
processes are described by nonlinear configurations of an instanton type. We
calculate intensities of the photoelectron spectroscopy PES including the
momentum resolved one ARPES and supplement to known results for the optical
subgap absorption. We start with the generic case of a one dimensional
semiconductor with pronounced polaronic effect. In details we consider the
Peierls model for a half-filled band of electrons coupled to the lattice which
describes the polyacethylene and some commensurate Charge Density Waves.
Particular attention was required for studies of momentum dependencies for the
ARPES where we face an intriguing interference between the time evolution and
the translational motion of the instantons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72617 </DOCNO>
The Search for Anomalous W^+ W^- t \bar{t} Couplings at the LC


  We study production of t \bar{t} via W^+ W^--fusion, including the relevant
backgrounds at the proposed Linear Collider (an e^+ e^- collider with \sqrt{S}
= 1.5 TeV) in the context of a Higssless Standard Model (HSM), i.e. a nonlinear
SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y chiral Lagrangian, including dimension five W^+ W^- t
\bar{t} interactions. Deviation from the HSM predictions can be used to
constrain the coefficients of these operators to an order of 10^-1 (divided by
the cut-off scale \Lambda = 3.1 TeV) with a 95% C.L..

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75058 </DOCNO>
Solving the Altarelli-Parisi equations with truncated moments


  The technique of truncated moments of parton distributions allows us to study
scaling violations without making any assumption on the shape of parton
distributions. The numerical implementation of the method is however difficult,
since the evolution equations for truncated moments are not diagonal. We
present a simple way to improve the efficiency of the numerical solution of the
evolution equations for truncated moments. As a result, the number of truncated
moments needed to achieve the required precision in the evolution is
significantly smaller than in the original formulation of the technique. The
method presented here can also be used to obtain the value of parton
distributions in terms of truncated moments, and therefore it can be viewed as
a technique for the solution of the Altarelli-Parisi equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74026 </DOCNO>
Unified QCD picture of hard diffraction


  Using a combination of S-Matrix and perturbative QCD properties in the small
x_{Bjorken} regime, we propose a formulation of hard diffraction unifying the
partonic (Ingelman-Schlein) Pomeron, Soft Colour Interaction and QCD dipole
descriptions. In particular, we show that all three approaches give an unique
and mutually compatible formula for the proton diffractive structure functions
incorporating perturbative and non perturbative QCD features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73930 </DOCNO>
Nucleon Form Factors in the Covariant Diquark-Quark Model


  The nucleon is described as a bound state of a quark and an extended diquark.
Hereby the notion ``diquark'' refers to the modelling of separable correlations
in the two-quark Green's functions. Binding of quarks and diquarks takes place
via an exchange interaction and is therefore related to the Pauli principle for
three-quark states. Fully Poincare covariant nucleon amplitudes are calculated
for free constituent propagators as well as for dressed propagators which
parameterise confinement. The corresponding results for space-like form
factors differ quantitatively but not qualitatively for various ans\"atze for
the propagators. These results do not allow to draw definite conclusions on the
permissibility of different dressing functions. Results for kaon
photoproduction, on the other hand, exclude a whole class of constituent
propagators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97944 </DOCNO>
Tangent and Bernoulli numbers related to Motzkin and Catalan numbers by


  It is shown that Bernoulli numbers and tangent numbers (the derivatives of
the tangent function at zero) can be obtained by means of easily defined
triangles of numbers in several ways, some of them very similar to the Catalan
triangle and a Motzkin-like triangle. Our starting point in order to show this
is a new expression of Zeta(2n) involving Motzkin paths.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174700 </DOCNO>
Forward K+ production in subthreshold pA collisions at 1.0 GeV


  K+ meson production in pA (A = C, Cu, Au) collisions has been studied using
the ANKE spectrometer at an internal target position of the COSY-Juelich
accelerator. The complete momentum spectrum of kaons emitted at forward angles,
theta < 12 degrees, has been measured for a beam energy of T(p)=1.0 GeV, far
below the free NN threshold of 1.58 GeV. The spectrum does not follow a thermal
distribution at low kaon momenta and the larger momenta reflect a high degree
of collectivity in the target nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41733 </DOCNO>
Search for Leptoquark Pairs Decaying to neutrino neutrino + jets in p


  We present the results of a search for leptoquark (LQ) pairs in (85.2 +- 3.7)
pb^{-1} of p anti-p collider data collected by the D0 experiment at the
Fermilab Tevatron. We observe no evidence for leptoquark production and set a
limit on sigma(p anti-p -> LQ anti-LQ -> neutrino neutrino + jets) as a
function of the mass of the leptoquark (m_{LQ}). Assuming the decay LQ ->
neutrino q, we exclude scalar leptoquarks for m_{LQ} < 98 GeV/c^2, and vector
leptoquarks for m_{LQ} < 200 GeV/c^2 and coupling which produces the minimum
cross section, at a 95% confidence level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127526 </DOCNO>
Cosmological Implications of the PSCz PDF and its Moments


  We compare the {\em pdf} and its low-order moments (variance and skewness) of
the smoothed PSCz galaxy density field and of the corresponding simulated PSCz
look-alikes, generated from N-body simulations of 6 different DM models; four
structure normalized with $\Gamma=0.25$ and $\sigma_{8}=0.55
\Omega_{\circ}^{-0.6}$, one COBE normalized and the old SCDM. The galaxy
distributions are smoothed with a Gaussian window at three different smoothing
scales $R_{sm}=5$, 10 and $15 \hm$. We find that the simulation PSCz look-alike
{\em pdf}'s are sensitive only on the normalization of the power spectrum,
probably due to shape similarity of the simulated galaxy power spectrum on the
relevant scales. We find that the only models that are consistent, at a high
significance level, with the observed PSCz {\em pdf} are models with a
relatively low power spectrum normalization $(\sigma_{8}=0.83)$.
  From the phenomenologically derived $\sigma_{8}-moments$ relation, fitted
from the simulation data, we find that the PSCz moments suggest $\sigma_{8}
\simeq 0.7$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127440 </DOCNO>
Molecular ions in L1544. II. The ionization degree


  The maps presented in Paper I are here used to infer the variation of the
column densities of HCO+, DCO+, N2H+, and N2D+ as a function of distance from
the dust peak. These results are interpreted with the aid of a crude chemical
model which predicts the abundances of these species as a function of radius in
a spherically symmetric model with radial density distribution inferred from
the observations of dust emission at millimeter wavelengths and dust absorption
in the infrared. Our main observational finding is that the N(N2D+)/N(N2H+)
column density ratio is of order 0.2 towards the L1544 dust peak as compared to
N(DCO+)/N(HCO+) = 0.04. We conclude that this result as well as the general
finding that N2H+ and N2D+ correlate well with the dust is caused by CO being
depleted to a much higher degree than molecular nitrogen in the high density
core of L1544. Depletion also favors deuterium enhancement and thus N2D+, which
traces the dense and highly CO-depleted core nucleus, is much more enhanced
than DCO+. Our models do not uniquely define the chemistry in the high density
depleted nucleus of L1544 but they do suggest that the ionization degree is a
few times 10^{-9} and that the ambipolar diffusion time scale is locally
similar to the free fall time. It seems likely that the lower limit which one
obtains to ionization degree by summing all observable molecular ions is not a
great underestimate of the true ionization degree. We predict that atomic
oxygen is abundant in the dense core and, if so, H3O+ may be the main ion in
the central highly depleted region of the core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129115 </DOCNO>
Constraints Imposed by a High Magnetic Field on Models for the EUV


  A variety of models have been explored in regard to the origin of the excess
extreme ultraviolet (~ 0.1 keV) emission in the Coma cluster. It is now
established that the flux is non-thermal and the only non-thermal source
mechanism that appears viable is inverse Compton emission produced by ~ 100 MeV
electrons interacting with the cosmic microwave background photons. All but one
of the models that have been proposed require a cluster magnetic field < 1
micro G. However, recent observations strongly suggest the magnetic field in
the Coma cluster is ~ 5 micro G. We investigate the constraints on models
imposed by a 5 micro G cluster field and find a limited class of models that
are compatible with this constraint. We also investigate the possibility that
the excess hard (40-60 keV) X-ray emission in the cluster is produced by
inverse Compton emission with the same electron population that produces the
EUV excess. We find no scenarios that are compatible with a large cluster
magnetic field, and consequently in this case these two components must be
unrelated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96353 </DOCNO>
Algebraic curves and their Bratteli diagrams


  We prove that an algebraic curve of genus g admits a representation by the
interval exchange transformations. This representation is based on the
"zippered rectangles" technique due to W. Veech. A Riemann-Roch formula for the
C*-algebras is established. The first steps toward the classification of
algebraic curves in terms of the Bratteli diagrams are made. The work is an
extension of the Manin-Soibelman duality between elliptic curves and
noncommutative tori.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85875 </DOCNO>
Hidden symmetry of the three-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell equations


  It is shown how to generate three-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell fields from
known ones in the presence of a hypersurface-orthogonal non-null Killing vector
field. The continuous symmetry group is isomorphic to the Heisenberg group
including the Harrison-type transformation. The symmetry of the
Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system is also studied and it is shown that there is
the $SL(2,{\bf R})$ transformation between the Maxwell and the dilaton fields.
This $SL(2,{\bf R})$ transformation is identified with the Geroch
transformation of the four-dimensional vacuum Einstein equation in terms of the
Ka{\l}uza-Klein mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125260 </DOCNO>
A High Spatial Resolution Analysis of the MAXIMA-1 Cosmic Microwave


  We extend the analysis of the MAXIMA-1 cosmic microwave background (CMB) data
to smaller angular scales. MAXIMA, a bolometric balloon experiment, mapped a
124 deg$^2$ region of the sky with 10\arcmin resolution at frequencies of 150,
240 and 410 GHz during its first flight. The original analysis, which covered
the multipole range $36 \leq \ell \leq 785$, is extended to $\ell = 1235$ using
data from three 150 GHz photometers in the fully cross-linked central 60
deg$^2$ of the map. The main improvement over the original analysis is the use
of 3\arcmin square pixels in the calculation of the map. The new analysis is
consistent with the original for $\ell < 785$. For $\ell > 785$, where
inflationary models predict a third acoustic peak, the new analysis shows power
with an amplitude of $56 \pm 7$ \microk at $\ell \simeq 850$ in excess to the
average power of $42 \pm 3$ \microk in the range $441 < \ell < 785$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179595 </DOCNO>
What Does Free Space Lambda-Lambda Interaction Predict for Lambda-Lambda


  Data on Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei provide a unique method to learn details on
the strangeness S =-2 sector of the baryon-baryon interaction. From the free
space Bonn-Julich potentials, determined from data on baryon-baryon scattering
in the S=0,-1 channels, we construct an interaction in the S =-2 sector to
describe the experimentally known Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei. After including
short--range (Jastrow) and RPA correlations, we find masses for these
Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei in a reasonable agreement with data, taking into
account theoretical and experimental uncertainties. Thus, we provide a natural
extension, at low energies, of the Bonn-Julich OBE potentials to the S =-2
channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123446 </DOCNO>
Microstructure of the Local Interstellar Cloud and the Identification of


  We analyze high-resolution UV spectra of the Mg II h and k lines for 18
members of the Hyades Cluster to study inhomogeneity along these proximate
lines of sight. The observations were taken by the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph (STIS) instrument on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Three
distinct velocity components are observed. All 18 lines of sight show
absorption by the Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC), ten stars show absorption by
an additional cloud, which we name the Hyades Cloud, and one star exhibits a
third absorption component. The LIC absorption is observed at a lower radial
velocity than predicted by the LIC velocity vector derived by Lallement &
Bertin (1992) and Lallement et al. (1995), (v(predicted LIC) - v(observed LIC)
= 2.9 +/- 0.7 km/s), which may indicate a compression or deceleration at the
leading edge of the LIC. We propose an extention of the Hyades Cloud boundary
based on previous HST observations of other stars in the general vicinity of
the Hyades, as well as ground-based Ca II observations. We present our fits of
the interstellar parameters for each absorption component. The availability of
18 similar lines of sight provides an excellent opportunity to study the
inhomogeneity of the warm, partially ionized local interstellar medium (LISM).
We find that these structures are roughly homogeneous. The measured Mg II
column densities do not vary by more than a factor of 2 for angular separations
of < 8 degrees, which at the outer edge of the LIC correspond to physical
separations of < 0.6 pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113746 </DOCNO>
QED self-energy contribution to highly-excited atomic states


  We present numerical values for the self-energy shifts predicted by QED
(Quantum Electrodynamics) for hydrogenlike ions (nuclear charge $60 \le Z \le
110$) with an electron in an $n=3$, 4 or 5 level with high angular momentum
($5/2\le j \le 9/2$). Applications include predictions of precision transition
energies and studies of the outer-shell structure of atoms and ions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149470 </DOCNO>
On Non Commutative Calabi-Yau Hypersurfaces


  Using the algebraic geometry method of Berenstein et al (hep-th/0005087), we
reconsider the derivation of the non commutative quintic algebra
${\mathcal{A}}_{nc}(5)$ and derive new representations by choosing different
sets of Calabi-Yau charges ${C_{i}^{a}}$. Next we extend these results to
higher $d$ complex dimension non commutative Calabi-Yau hypersurface algebras
${\mathcal{A}}_{nc}(d+2)$. We derive and solve the set of constraint eqs
carrying the non commutative structure in terms of Calabi-Yau charges and
discrete torsion. Finally we construct the representations of
${\mathcal{A}}_{nc}(d+2) $ preserving manifestly the Calabi-Yau condition $
\sum_{i}C_{i}^{a}=0$ and give comments on the non commutative subalgebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169008 </DOCNO>
On a Problem in Quantum Summation


  We consider the computation of the mean of sequences in the quantum model of
computation. We determine the query complexity in the case of sequences which
satisfy a $p$-summability condition for $1\le p<2$. This settles a problem left
open in Heinrich (2001).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124713 </DOCNO>
The Unique Signature of Shell Curvature in Gamma-Ray Bursts


  As a result of spherical kinematics, temporal evolution of received gamma-ray
emission should demonstrate signatures of curvature from the emitting shell.
Specifically, the shape of the pulse decay must bear a strict dependence on the
degree of curvature of the gamma-ray emitting surface. We compare the spectral
evolution of the decay of individual GRB pulses to the evolution as expected
from curvature. In particular, we examine the relationship between photon flux
intensity (I) and the peak of the \nu F\nu distribution (E_{peak}) as predicted
by colliding shells. Kinematics necessitate that E_{peak} demonstrate a
power-law relationship with I described roughly as: I=E_{peak}^{(1-\zeta)}
where \zeta represents a weighted average of the low and high energy spectral
indices. Data analyses of 24 BATSE gamma-ray burst pulses provide evidence that
there exists a robust relationship between E_{peak} and I in the decay phase.
Simulation results, however, show that a sizable fraction of observed pulses
evolve faster than kinematics allow. Regardless of kinematic parameters, we
found that the existence of curvature demands that the I - E_{peak} function
decay be defined by \sim (1-\zeta). Efforts were employed to break this
curvature dependency within simulations through a number of scenarios such as
anisotropic emission (jets) with angular dependencies, thickness values for the
colliding shells, and various cooling mechanisms. Of these, the only method
successful in dominating curvature effects was a slow cooling model. As a
result, GRB models must confront the fact that observed pulses do not evolve in
the manner which curvature demands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1746 </DOCNO>
Roughness exponent in two-dimensional percolation, Potts and clock


  We present a numerical study of the self-affine profiles obtained from
configurations of the q-state Potts (with q=2,3 and 7) and p=10 clock models as
well as from the occupation states for site-percolation on the square lattice.
The first and second order static phase transitions of the Potts model are
located by a sharp change in the value of the roughness exponent $\alpha$
characterizing those profiles. The low temperature phase of the Potts model
corresponds to flat ($\alpha\simeq 1$) profiles, whereas its high temperature
phase is associated to rough ($\alpha\simeq 0.5$) ones. For the p=10 clock
model, in addition to the flat (ferromagnetic) and rough (paramagnetic)
profiles, an intermediate rough ($0.5< \alpha <1$) phase - associated to a soft
spin-wave one - is observed. Our results for the transition temperatures in the
Potts and clock models are in agreement with the static values, showing that
this approach is able to detect the phase transitions in these models directly
from the spin configurations, without any reference to thermodynamical
potentials, order parameters or response functions. Finally, we show that the
roughness exponent $\alpha$ is insensitive to geometric critical phenomena.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97529 </DOCNO>
Motivic integration on smooth rigid varieties and invariants of


  We construct a theory of motivic integration for smooth rigid varieties. As
an application new invariants of degenerations are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179753 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of proton-$^3{\rm He} $ elastic backward scattering at


  We provide systematic analysis of the differential cross section of the
proton-$^3{\rm He}$ elastic scattering at $\theta_{\rm cm}=180^{\circ}$. It is
shown that at energy from 0.2 to .5 GeV the mechanism, where momentum between
the incoming and outgoing protons is transfered by rescattering of virtual pion
on virtual deuteron, is the most important. Some predictions of this model for
the differential cross section and the polarization correlation $C_{00nn}$ are
discussed.
  PACS number(s): 21.40.+d, 24.70.+5, 25.40.Cm, 25.55.Ci

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7085 </DOCNO>
BCS and generalized BCS superconductivity in relativistic quantum field


  We investigate the BCS and generalized BCS theories in the relativistic
quantum field theory. We select the gauge freedom as U(1), and introduce a
BCS-type effective attractive interaction. After introducing the Gor'kov
formalism and performing the group theoretical consideration of the mean
fields, we solve the relativistic Gor'kov equation and obtain the Green's
functions in analytical forms. We obtain various types of gap equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124205 </DOCNO>
X-ray spectra of accretion discs with dynamic coronae


  We compute the X-ray spectra produced by non-static coronae atop accretion
discs around black holes and neutron stars. The hot corona is radiatively
coupled to the underlying disc (the reflector) and generates an X-ray spectrum
which is sensitive to the bulk velocity of the coronal plasma, beta=v/c. We
show that an outflowing corona reproduces the hard-state spectrum of Cyg X-1
and similar objects. The dynamic model predicts a correlation between the
observed amplitude of reflection R and the X-ray spectrum slope Gamma since
both strongly depend on beta. A similar correlation was observed and its shape
is well fitted by the dynamic model. The scattering of soft radiation in an
outflowing corona can also account for the observed optical-UV polarization
pattern in active galactic nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6226 </DOCNO>
Origin of the unusual dependence of Raman D band on excitation


  We have revisited the still unresolved puzzle of the dispersion of the Raman
disordered-induced D band as a function of laser excitation photon energy E$_L$
in graphite-like materials. We propose that the D-mode is a combination of an
optic phonon at the K-point in the Brillioun zone and an acoustic phonon whose
momentum is determined uniquely by the double resonance condition. The fit of
the experimental data with the double-resonance model yields the reduced
effective mass of 0.025m$_{e}$ for the electron-hole pairs corresponding to the
A$_{2}$ transition, in agreement with other experiments. The model can also
explain the difference between $\omega_S$ and $\omega_{AS}$ for D and
D$^{\star}$ modes, and predicts its dependence on the Raman excitation
frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6773 </DOCNO>
Spin Splitting in Quantum Wires with Perturbed Axial Symmetry


  We investigate theoretically perturbations to the confining potential capable
of lifting spin degeneracy in axially symmetric quasi-one-dimensional electron
gases with the spin-orbit interaction. The role of two different types of
perturbations breaking axial symmetry of the system: of non-electromagnetic and
electromagnetic origin is analyzed. We found that these two types of
perturbations have a fundamental distinction in their effects on the energy
spectra. The influence of the scale of perturbation upon the value of spin
splitting is investigated and it is shown that under certain conditions such
splittings can be observed in the experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3257 </DOCNO>
Magnetization reversal by uniform rotation (Stoner-Wohlfarth model) in


  The combination of high sensitive superconducting quantum interference device
(SQUID) with high quality nanoparticles allowed to check the simplest classical
model describing the magnetisation reversal by uniform rotation which were
proposed more than 50 years ago by Neel, Stoner and Wohlfarth. The micrometer
sized SQUIDs were elaborated by electron beam lithography and the nanoparticles
were synthesised by arc-discharge. The measured angular dependence of switching
fields of nearly all f.c.c. Co nanoparticles revealed a dominating uniaxial
magnetic anisotropy. This result suggests that twin boundaries and stacking
faults strongly alter the cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy leading to
dominating uniaxial anisotropy. However, few particles were sufficiently
"perfect" in order to show a more complex switching field surface and a field
path dependence of the switching field which is the important signature of the
cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74284 </DOCNO>
Horizontal and Upward Tau Airshowers in Valleys from Mountains and


  Upward and horizontal tau Air-showers emerging from the Earth crust or
mountain chains are the most powerful signals of Ultra High Energy UHE
neutrinos nu_{tau}, bar\nu_{tau} and bar{nu}_e at PeVs and higher energy. The
multiplicity in tau Air-showers secondary particles,
N_{opt}=10^{12}(E_{tau}/PeV), N_{gamma}= 10^8*E_{tau}/PeV, N_{e^- e^+}= 2*10^7
E_{tau}/PeV, N_{mu}= 3 *10^5 (E_{tau}/PeV)^{0.85} make easy their discover. UHE
nu_tau,bar\nu_tau, following Super Kamiokande evidence of neutrino flavor
mixing, nu_mu<-->nu_tau, should be as abundant as nu_mu, bar\nu_mu.
  Also anti-neutrino electrons, bar\nu_e, near the Glashow W resonance energy
peak, E_{bar\nu_e} = M^2_W / 2m_e = 6.3*10^{15} eV may generate tau
Air-showers.
  Upward UHE nu_tau- N interaction on Earth crust at horizontal edge and from
below, their consequent upward UHE tau air-showers beaming toward high
mountains, air-planes, ballons and satellites should flash gamma, mu, X and
Cherenkov lights toward detectors.
  Such upward tau air-shower may already hit nearby satellite GRO gamma
detectors flashing them by short, hard, diluted gamma-burst at the edge of
BATSE threshold.
  The tau air-shower may test the UHE neutrino interactions leading to
additional fine-tuned test of New TeV Physics both in Mountain Valleys and in
Upward showers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169464 </DOCNO>
Geometrical Aspects of Lie Groups Representations and Their Optical


  In this paper we present a new procedure to obtain unitary and irreducible
representations of Lie groups starting from the cotangent bundle of the group
(the cotangent group). We discuss some applications of the construction in
quantum-optics problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149701 </DOCNO>
Discrete Symmetries of the Superpotential and Calculation of Disk


  The integrality of Ooguri-Vafa disk invariants is verified using discrete
symmetries of the superpotential of the mirror Landau-Ginzburg theory to
calculate quantum corrections to the boundary variables. We show that these
quantum corrections are completely determined if we assume that the discrete
symmetry of the superpotential also holds in terms of the quantum corrected
variables. We discuss the case of local P^2 blown up at three points and local
F_2 blown up at two points in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128956 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Accuracy of Photometric Redshifts Derived from BLAST


  More than 150 galaxies have been detected in blank-field millimetre and
sub-millimetre surveys. However the redshift distribution of sub-mm galaxies
remains uncertain due to the difficulty in identifying their optical-IR
counterparts, and subsequently obtaining their spectroscopic emission-line
redshifts. In this paper we discuss results from a Monte-Carlo analysis of the
accuracy with which one can determine redshifts from photometric measurements
at sub-millimetre-FIR wavelengths. The analysis takes into account the
dispersion in colours introduced by including galaxies with a distribution of
SEDs, and by including photometric and absolute calibration errors associated
with real observations. We present examples of the probability distribution of
redshifts for individual galaxies detected in the future BLAST and
Herschel/SPIRE surveys. We show that the combination of BLAST and 850um
observations constrain the photometric redshifts with sufficient accuracy to
pursue a program of spectroscopic follow-up with the 100m GBT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148154 </DOCNO>
New supersymmetry algebra on gravitational interaction of


  The spacetime symmetries of SGM action proposed as the gravitational coupling
of N-G fermions are investigated. The commutators of new nonlinear
supersymmetry (NL SUSY) transformations form a closed algebra, which reveals
N-G fermion (NL SUSY) nature and a generalized general coordinate
transformation. A generalized local Lorentz transformation, which forms a
closed algebra, is also introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149882 </DOCNO>
Geometry of WZW Orientifolds


  We analyze unoriented Wess-Zumino-Witten models from a geometrical point of
view. We show that the geometric interpretation of simple current crosscap
states is as centre orientifold planes localized on conjugacy classes of the
group manifold. We determine the locations and dimensions of these planes for
arbitrary simply-connected groups and orbifolds thereof. The dimensions of the
O-planes turn out to be given by the dimensions of symmetric coset manifolds
based on regular embeddings. Furthermore, we give a geometrical interpretation
of boundary conjugation in open unoriented WZW models; it yields D-branes
together with their images under the orientifold projection. To find the
agreement between O-planes and crosscap states, we find explicit answers for
lattice extensions of Gaussian sums. These results allow us to express the
modular P-matrix, which is directly related to the crosscap coefficient, in
terms of characters of the horizontal subgroup of the affine Lie algebra. A
corollary of this relation is that there exists a formal linear relation
between the modular P- and the modular S-matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98935 </DOCNO>
Kahler metrics whose geodesics are circles


  We classify all Kahler metrics in an open subset of $C^2$ whose real
geodesics are circles. All such metrics are equivalent (via complex projective
transformations) to Fubini metrics (i.e. to Fubini-Study metric on $CP^2$
restricted to an affine chart, to the complex hyperbolic metric in the unit
ball model or to the Euclidean metric).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4345 </DOCNO>
The (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu model with a U(1) chiral symmetry at


  We present results from numerical simulations of the (2+1)-dimensional
Gross-Neveu model with a U(1) chiral symmetry and N_f=4 fermion species at
non-zero temperature. We provide evidence that there are two different chirally
symmetric phases, one critical and one with finite correlation length,
separated by a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. We have also
identified a regime above the critical temperature in which the fermions
acquire a screening mass even in the absence of chiral symmetry breaking,
analogous to the pseudogap behaviour observed in cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1174 </DOCNO>
Spin injection through the depletion layer: a theory of spin-polarized


  A drift-diffusion model for spin-charge transport in spin-polarized {\it p-n}
junctions is developed and solved numerically for a realistic set of material
parameters based on GaAs. It is demonstrated that spin polarization can be
injected through the depletion layer by both minority and majority carriers,
making all-semiconductor devices such as spin-polarized solar cells and bipolar
transistors feasible. Spin-polarized {\it p-n} junctions allow for
spin-polarized current generation, spin amplification, voltage control of spin
polarization, and a significant extension of spin diffusion range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174641 </DOCNO>
One and two dimensional analysis of 3pi correlations measured in Pb+Pb


  3pi- correlations from Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV/c per nucleon are
presented as measured by the focusing spectrometer of the NA44 experiment at
CERN. The three-body effect is found to be stronger for PbPb than for SPb. The
two-dimensional three-particle correlation function is also measured and the
longitudinal extension of the source is larger than the transverse extension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83533 </DOCNO>
General Loss Bounds for Universal Sequence Prediction


  The Bayesian framework is ideally suited for induction problems. The
probability of observing $x_t$ at time $t$, given past observations
$x_1...x_{t-1}$ can be computed with Bayes' rule if the true distribution $\mu$
of the sequences $x_1x_2x_3...$ is known. The problem, however, is that in many
cases one does not even have a reasonable estimate of the true distribution. In
order to overcome this problem a universal distribution $\xi$ is defined as a
weighted sum of distributions $\mu_i\inM$, where $M$ is any countable set of
distributions including $\mu$. This is a generalization of Solomonoff
induction, in which $M$ is the set of all enumerable semi-measures. Systems
which predict $y_t$, given $x_1...x_{t-1}$ and which receive loss $l_{x_t y_t}$
if $x_t$ is the true next symbol of the sequence are considered. It is proven
that using the universal $\xi$ as a prior is nearly as good as using the
unknown true distribution $\mu$. Furthermore, games of chance, defined as a
sequence of bets, observations, and rewards are studied. The time needed to
reach the winning zone is bounded in terms of the relative entropy of $\mu$ and
$\xi$. Extensions to arbitrary alphabets, partial and delayed prediction, and
more active systems are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4939 </DOCNO>
Electronic structure, phase stability and chemical bonding in Th$_2$Al


  We present the results of theoretical investigation on the electronic
structure, bonding nature and ground state properties of Th$_2$Al and
Th$_2$AlH$_4$ using generalized-gradient-corrected first-principles
full-potential density-functional calculations. Th$_2$AlH$_4$ has been reported
to violate the "2 \AA rule" of H-H separation in hydrides. From our total
energy as well as force-minimization calculations, we found a shortest H-H
separation of 1.95 {\AA} in accordance with recent high resolution powder
neutron diffraction experiments. When the Th$_2$Al matrix is hydrogenated, the
volume expansion is highly anisotropic, which is quite opposite to other
hydrides having the same crystal structure. The bonding nature of these
materials are analyzed from the density of states, crystal-orbital Hamiltonian
population and valence-charge-density analyses. Our calculation predicts
different nature of bonding for the H atoms along $a$ and $c$. The strongest
bonding in Th$_2$AlH$_4$ is between Th and H along $c$ which form dumb-bell
shaped H-Th-H subunits. Due to this strong covalent interaction there is very
small amount of electrons present between H atoms along $c$ which makes
repulsive interaction between the H atoms smaller and this is the precise
reason why the 2 {\AA} rule is violated. The large difference in the
interatomic distances between the interstitial region where one can accommodate
H in the $ac$ and $ab$ planes along with the strong covalent interaction
between Th and H are the main reasons for highly anisotropic volume expansion
on hydrogenation of Th$_2$Al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81068 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Lattice QCD analysis of the strangeness magnetic moment of


  The recent result of Leinweber and Thomas [Phys. Rev. D 62, 074505 (2000)]
for the strangeness magnetic moment or form factor of the nucleon $G_M^s(0) =
-0.16 \pm 0.18 \mu_N$ differs markedly from the earlier result $-0.75 \pm 0.30
\mu_N$ obtained by Leinweber [Phys. Rev. D 53, 5115 (1996)] from the same
lattice data. The disagreement is traced to an unreliably extrapolated magnetic
moment $u_{\Xi^0}$ in Leinweber and Thomas. A simple expression for the nucleon
isoscalar magnetic moment used here with their reliably extrapolated magnetic
moments gives a value of $G_M^s(0) = -0.76 \pm 0.24 \mu_N$, in excellent
agreement with Leinweber's older estimate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76247 </DOCNO>
ADD extra dimensional gravity and di-jet production at hadron colliders


  We re-analyze dijet production at hadron colliders (the Tevatron at Fermilab
and the Large Hadron Collider, LHC, at CERN), to determine the potential limits
on Planck mass in ADD type extra dimensional gravity scenarios. We try a
variety of experimental observables in order to maximize the exclusion limits;
we find that the $p_{_T}$, $p_{_T}^2$ and $\tau$ distributions give the highest
search limits, and these observables provide comparable reaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1008 </DOCNO>
Interface Fluctuations under Shear


  Coarsening systems under uniform shear display a long time regime
characterized by the presence of highly stretched and thin domains. The
question then arises whether thermal fluctuations may actually destroy this
layered structure. To address this problem in the case of non-conserved
dynamics we study an anisotropic version of the Burgers equation, constructed
to describe thermal fluctuations of an interface in the presence of a uniform
shear flow. As a result, we find that stretched domains are only marginally
stable against thermal fluctuations in $d=2$, whereas they are stable in $d=3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113389 </DOCNO>
Calculations of parity nonconserving s-d transitions in Cs, Fr, Ba II,


  We have performed ab initio mixed-states and sum-over-states calculations of
parity nonconserving (PNC) electric dipole (E1) transition amplitudes between
s-d electron states of Cs, Fr, Ba II, and Ra II. For the lower states of these
atoms we have also calculated energies, E1 transition amplitudes, and
lifetimes. We have shown that PNC E1 transition amplitudes between s-d states
can be calculated to high accuracy. Contrary to the Cs 6s-7s transition, in
these transitions there are no strong cancelations between different terms in
the sum-over-states approach. In fact, there is one dominating term which
deviates from the sum by less than 20%. This term corresponds to an s-p_{1/2}
weak matrix element, which can be calculated to better than 1%, and a
p_{1/2}-d_{3/2} E1 transition amplitude, which can be measured. Also, the s-d
amplitudes are about four times larger than the corresponding s-s transitions.
We have shown that by using a hybrid mixed-states/sum-over-states approach the
accuracy of the calculations of PNC s-d amplitudes could compete with that of
Cs 6s-7s if p_{1/2}-d_{3/2} E1 amplitudes are measured to high accuracy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75357 </DOCNO>
Two Topics in QCD Sum-Rules: Bounds on Light Quark and Scalar Gluonium


  QCD Laplace sum-rules are briefly reviewed and two sum-rule applications are
presented. For scalar gluonium, upper bounds on the lightest state are obtained
from ratios of Laplace sum-rules, and the role of instantons and the low-energy
theorem on these bounds is investigated. For the light-quark masses,
fundamental inequalities for Laplace sum-rules are developed, which lead to a
lower bound on the average of the up and down quark masses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73523 </DOCNO>
CP Violation in Higgs-Boson Interactions


  We consider a general two-Higgs-doublet model with CP violation in the scalar
sector, that leads, at the one-loop level of the perturbation expansion, to
CP-violation in the process $e^+e^- \to t\bar{t} \to l^\pm ...$ and $e^+e^- \to
t\bar{t} \to b/\bar{b} ...$. The goal of this study is to include {\it
consistently} CP-violating effects in distributions of top-quark decay products
($l^\pm$ or $b/\bar{b}$) that emerge {\it both} from $t\bar{t}$ production {\it
and} from $t$ or $\bar{t}$ decay processes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41071 </DOCNO>
Rapidity-Rank Structure of p pbar Pairs in Hadronic Z0 Decays


  The rapidity-rank structure of p pbar pairs is used to analyze the mechanism
of baryon production in hadronic Z0 decay. The relative occurrence of the
rapidity-ordered configuration p M pbar, where M is a meson, and that of p pbar
adjacent pairs is compared. The data are found to be consistent with
predictions from a mechanism producing adjacent-rank p pbar pairs, without
requiring `string-ordered' p M pbar configurations. An upper limit of 15% at
90% confidence is determined for the p M pbar contribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97152 </DOCNO>
The representation type of Hecke algebras of type B


  This paper determines the representation type of the Iwahori-Hecke algebras
of type B when $q\ne\pm1$. In particular, we show that a single parameter
non-semisimple Iwahori-Hecke algebra of type B has finite representation type
if and only if q is a simple root of the Poincar\'e polynomial, confirming a
conjecture of Uno's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179548 </DOCNO>
Inter-band B(E2) transition strengths in odd-mass heavy deformed nuclei


  Inter-band B(E2) transition strengths between different normal parity bands
in 163Dy and 165Er are described using the pseudo-SU(3) model. The Hamiltonian
includes Nilsson single-particle energies, quadrupole-quadrupole and pairing
interactions with fixed, parametrized strengths, and three extra rotor terms
used to fine tune the energy spectra. In addition to inter-band transitions,
the energy spectra and the ground state intra-band B(E2) strengths are
reported. The results show the pseudo-SU(3) shell model to be a powerful
microscopic theory for a description of the normal parity sector in heavy
deformed odd-A nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74507 </DOCNO>
Holographic Cosmic Quintessence on Dilatonic Brane World


  Recently quintessence is proposed to explain the observation data of
supernova indicating a time-varying cosmological constant and accelerating
universe. Inspired by this and its mysterious origin, we look for the
possibility of quintessence as the holographic dark matters dominated in the
late time in the brane world scenarios. We consider both the cases of static
and moving brane in a dilaton gravity background. For the static brane we use
the Hamilton-Jacobi method motivated by holographic renormalization group to
study the intrinsic FRW cosmology on the brane and find out the constraint on
the bulk potential for the quintessence. This constraint requires a negative
slowly varying bulk potential which implies an anti-de Sitter-like bulk
geometry and could be possibly realized from the higher dimensional
supergravities or string theory. We find the similar constraint for the moving
brane cases and that the quintessence on it has the effect as a mildly
time-varying Newton constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4325 </DOCNO>
Phonon drag in ballistic quantum wires


  The acoustic phonon-mediated drag-contribution to the drag current created in
the ballistic transport regime in a one-dimensional nanowire by phonons
generated by a current-carrying ballistic channel in a nearby nanowire is
calculated. The threshold of the phonon-mediated drag current with respect to
bias or gate voltage is predicted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169332 </DOCNO>
Quantum Distillation Of Position Entanglement With The Polarization


  Sources of entangled photon pairs using two parametric down-converters are
capable of generating interchangeable entanglement in two different degrees of
freedom. The connection between these two degrees of freedom allows the control
of the entanglement properties of one, by acting on the other degree of
freedom. We demonstrate experimentally, the quantum distillation of the
position entanglement using polarization analyzers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1780 </DOCNO>
Singular Fermi Liquids


  An introductory survey of the theoretical ideas and calculations and the
experimental results which depart from Landau Fermi-liquids is presented.
Common themes and possible routes to the singularities leading to the breakdown
of Landau Fermi liquids are categorized following an elementary discussion of
the theory. Soluble examples of Singular Fermi liquids (often called Non-Fermi
liquids) include models of impurities in metals with special symmetries and
one-dimensional interacting fermions. A review of these is followed by a
discussion of Singular Fermi liquids in a wide variety of experimental
situations and theoretical models. These include the effects of low-energy
collective fluctuations, gauge fields due either to symmetries in the
hamiltonian or possible dynamically generated symmetries, fluctuations around
quantum critical points, the normal state of high temperature superconductors
and the two-dimensional metallic state. For the last three systems, the
principal experimental results are summarized and the outstanding theoretical
issues highlighted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150080 </DOCNO>
Fermion States on the Sphere $S^2$


  We solve for the spectrum and eigenfunctions of Dirac operator on the sphere.
The eigenvalues are nonzero whole numbers. The eigenfunctions are two-component
spinors which may be classified by representations of the SU(2) group with
half-integer angular momenta. They are not the conventional spherical spinors
but special linear combinations of those.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3156 </DOCNO>
Mechanical Cooper pair transportation as a source of long distance


  Transportation of Cooper-pairs by a movable single Cooper-pair-box placed
between two remote superconductors is shown to establish coherent coupling
between them. This coupling is due to entanglement of the movable box with the
leads and is manifested in the supression of quantum fluctuations of the
relative phase of the order parameters of the leads. It can be probed by
attaching a high resistance Josephson junction between the leads.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7151 </DOCNO>
On the effective inertial mass density of a dissipative fluid


  It is shown that the effective inertial mass density of a dissipative fluid
just after leaving the equilibrium, on a time scale of the order of relaxation
time, reduces by a factor which depends on dissipative variables. Prospective
applications of this result to cosmological and astrophysical scenarios are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5749 </DOCNO>
Perturbation Study of the Conductance through an Interacting Region


  We study the effects of electron correlation on transport through an
interacting region connected to multi-mode leads based on the perturbation
expansion with respect to the inter-electron interaction. At zero temperature
the conductance defined in the Kubo formalism can be written in terms of a
single-particle Green's function at the Fermi energy, and it can be mapped onto
a transmission coefficient of the free quasiparticles described by an effective
Hamiltonian. We apply this formulation to a two-dimensional Hubbard model of
finite size connected to two noninteracting leads. We calculate the conductance
in the electron-hole symmetric case using the order $U^2$ self-energy. The
conductance shows several maximums in the $U$ dependence in some parameter
regions of $t_y/t_x$, where $t_x$ ($t_y$) is the hopping matrix element in the
$x$- ($y$-) directions. This is caused by the resonance occurring in some of
the subbands, and is related with the $U$ dependence of the eigenvalues of the
effective Hamiltonian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114136 </DOCNO>
Weak magnetohydrodynamic turbulence of magnetized plasma


  Weak turbulence of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in strongly magnetized
plasma is studied when the thermal pressure is less than the magnetic field
pressure. In this situation the main nonlinear mechanism is the resonance
scattering of fast magneto-acoustic and Alfvenic waves on slow magneto-acoustic
waves. As a result, the former waves serve as the high-frequency waves with
respect to the latter ones so that the total number of HF waves - an adiabatic
invariant - conserves additionally. In the weak turbulence regime this
invariant is shown to generate the Kolmogorov type spectrum with a constant
flux of HF waves towards large-scale region. In the short-wave region another
Kolmogorov spectrum can be realized with a constant energy flux. The explicit
angle dependences for both types of turbulent spectra are found for the
propagation angles close to the direction of a mean magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86020 </DOCNO>
The Indeterministic Einstein Equation: Quantum Jumps, Spacetime


  Current physics is faced with the fundamental problem of unifying quantum
theory and general relativity, which would have resulted in quantum gravity.
The main effort to construct the latter has been bent on quantizing spacetime
structure, in particular metric. Meanwhile, taking account of the
indeterministic aspect of the quantum description of matter, which manifests
itself in quantum jumps, essentially affects classical spacetime structure and
the Einstein equation. Quantum jumps give rise to a family of sets of
simultaneous events, which implies the existence of universal cosmological
time. In view of the jumps, the requirement for metric and its time derivative
to be continuous implies that the Einstein equation should involve pseudomatter
along with matter. Pseudomatter manifests itself only in gravitational effects,
being thereby an absolutely dark ``matter''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123486 </DOCNO>
Oscillation power as a test of stellar turbulence : Scanning the HR


  The acoustic power injected by turbulent convection into solar-like
oscillations depends on the details of the turbulent spectrum. A theoretical
formulation for the oscillation power is developed which generalizes previous
ones. The formulation is first calibrated on a solar model in such a way as to
reproduce the solar seismic data. This allows to investigate different
assumptions about the stellar turbulent spectrum. We next explore consequences
of the assumed turbulent description for some potentially solar-like
oscillating stars. Large differences are found in the oscillation power of a
given star when using different turbulent spectra as well as in a star to star
comparison. Space seismic observations of such stars will be valuable for
discriminating between several turbulent models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179631 </DOCNO>
Playing Dice with Nuclei: Pattern out of Randomness?


  We review recent results obtained in numerical studies of the nuclear shell
model and the interacting boson model with random interactions, in particular
the dominance of ground states with L=0 and the occurrence of vibrational and
rotational bands. We discuss some possible explanations of the origin of these
regular features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1109 </DOCNO>
Finite Temperatur Dynamic Susceptibility of the Free Bose Gas


  A detailed calculation of the real part of the finite temperature dynamic
susceptibility of the free Bose gas is presented. After a short discussion on
the different ways in which it can be calculated for temperatures above and
below the Bose--Einstein transition temperature, its main properties and its
evolution with $q$ and $T$ are analyzed. Finally, expressions for the lowest
order energy weighted sum rules are also derived and studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123453 </DOCNO>
Nebular Emission from Star-Forming Galaxies


  We present a new model for computing consistently the line and continuum
emission from galaxies, based on a combination of recent population synthesis
and photoionization codes. We use effective parameters to describe the HII
regions and the diffuse gas ionized by single stellar generations in a galaxy
[...]. We calibrate the nebular properties of our model using the observed
[OIII]/Hbeta, [OII]/[OIII], [SII]/Halpha, and [NII]/[SII] ratios of a
representative sample of nearby spiral and irregular, starburst, and HII
galaxies. To compute whole (line plus continuum) spectral energy distributions,
we include the absorption by dust in the neutral interstellar medium (ISM)
using a recent simple prescription, which is consistent with observations of
nearby starburst galaxies. Our model enables us to interpret quantitatively the
observed optical spectra of galaxies in terms of stars, gas, and dust
parameters. We find that the range of ionized-gas properties spanned by nearby
galaxies implies factors of 3.5 and 14 variations in the Halpha and [OII]
luminosities produced per unit star formation rate (SFR). When accounting for
stellar Halpha absorption and absorption by dust in the neutral ISM, the actual
uncertainties in SFR estimates based on the emergent Halpha and [OII]
luminosities are as high as several decades. We derive new estimators of the
SFR, the gas-phase oxygen abundance, and the effective absorption optical depth
of the dust in galaxies. We show that, with the help of other lines such as
[OII], Hbeta, [OIII], [NII], or [SII], the uncertainties in SFR estimates based
on Halpha can be reduced to a factor of only 2-3, even if the Halpha line is
blended with the adjacent [NII] lines. Without Halpha, however, the SFR is
difficult to estimate from the [OII], Hbeta, and [OIII] lines. (abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148688 </DOCNO>
Duality and Confinement in Massive Antisymmetric Tensor Gauge Theories


  We extend the duality between massive and topologically massive antisymmetric
tensor gauge theories in arbitrary space-time dimensions to include topological
defects. We show explicitly that the condensation of these defects leads, in 4
dimensions, to confinement of electric strings in the two dual models. The dual
phase, in which magnetic strings are confined is absent. The presence of the
confinement phase explicitly found in the 4-dimensional case, is generalized,
using duality arguments, to arbitrary space-time dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129574 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopic Study of IRAS 19285+0517(PDS 100): A Rapidly Rotating


  We report on photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy for IRAS 19285+0517.
The spectral energy distribution based on visible and near-IR photometry and
far-IR fluxes shows that the star is surrounded by dust at a temperature of
$T_{\rm {d}}$ $\sim$ 250 K. Spectral line analysis shows that the star is a K
giant with a projected rotational velocity $v sin i$ = 9 $\pm$ 2 km s$^{-1}$.
We determined the atmospheric parameters: $T_{\rm {eff}}$ = 4500 K, log $g$ =
2.5, $\xi_{t}$ = 1.5 km s$^{-1}$, and [Fe/H] = 0.14 dex. The LTE abundance
analysis shows that the star is Li-rich (log $\epsilon$(Li) = 2.5$\pm$0.15),
but with essentially normal C, N, and O, and metal abundances. Spectral
synthesis of molecular CN lines yields the carbon isotopic ratio
$^{12}$C/$^{13}$C = 9 $\pm$3, a signature of post-main sequence evolution and
dredge-up on the RGB. Analysis of the Li resonance line at 6707 \AA for
different ratios $^{6}$Li/$^{7}$Li shows that the Li profile can be fitted best
with a predicted profile for pure $^{7}$Li. Far-IR excess, large Li abundance,
and rapid rotation suggest that a planet has been swallowed or, perhaps, that
an instability in the RGB outer layers triggered a sudden enrichment of Li and
caused mass-loss.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1281 </DOCNO>
Mechanism of formation of a 2D binary alloy


  Direct comparison of scanning tunneling microscopy and high resolution core
level photo-emission experiments provides a rationale for the mechanism of
formation of a two dimensional (2D) binary alloy (1/3 mono-layer (ML) Sn(1-
x)Six/Si(111)-\sqrt3X\sqrt3R30). In contrast with recent theoretical
predictions, the pure metal surface (x=0) results partitioned into two classes
(2/9 ML and 1/9 ML) of ad-atoms occupying non-equivalent T4 sites. During the
formation of the alloy, Si ad-atoms preferably occupy the majority type
adsorption site. This peculiar substitution mechanism leads to a mutual
arrangement of ad-atoms which is not random even at room temperature, but shows
the typical short range order universally observed in 2D and quasi 2D binary
alloys

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98528 </DOCNO>
p-adic variation of L-functions of exponential sums, I


  For a polynomial f(x) in (Z_p\cap Q)[x] of degree d>2 let L(f mod p;T) be the
L-function of the exponential sum of f mod p. Let NP(f mod p) denote the Newton
polygon of L(f mod p;T). Let HP(f) denote the Hodge polygon of f, which is the
lower convex hull in the real plane of the points (n,n(n+1)/(2d)) for 0\leq
n\leq d-1. We prove that there is a Zariski dense subset U defined over Q in
the space A^d of degree-d monic polynomials over Q such that for all f in U(Q)
we have lim NP(f mod p) = HP(f) as p approaches infinity. Moreover, we
determine the p-adic valuation of every coefficient of L(f mod p;T) for p large
enough and f in U(Q).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4273 </DOCNO>
Noncollinear Ferromagnetism in (III,Mn)V Semiconductors


  We investigate the stability of the collinear ferromagnetic state in kinetic
exchange models for (III,Mn)V semiconductors with randomly distributed Mn ions
>. Our results suggest that {\em noncollinear ferromagnetism} is commom to
these semiconductor systems. The instability of the collinear state is due to
long-ranged fluctuations invloving a large fraction of the localized magnetic
moments. We address conditions that favor the occurrence of noncollinear
groundstates and discuss unusual behavior that we predict for the temperature
and field dependence of its saturation magnetization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128005 </DOCNO>
Peculiar Velocity Reconstruction with Fast Action Method: Tests on Mock


  We present extensive tests of the Fast Action Method (FAM) for recovering the
past orbits of mass tracers in an expanding universe from their redshift-space
coordinates at the present epoch. The tests focus on the reconstruction of
present-day peculiar velocities using mock catalogs extracted from high
resolution N-body simulations. The method allows for a self-consistent
treatment of redshift-space distortions by direct minimization of a modified
action for a cosmological gravitating system. When applied to ideal, volume
limited catalogs, FAM recovers peculiar velocities with a 1-\sigma error of
\~160 km/s, if ~5% of objects are excluded from the highest density regions.
The correlation properties of the peculiar velocity fields are also correctly
recovered on scales larger than 5 Mpc/h. Similar results are obtained when FAM
is applied to flux limited catalogs mimicking the IRAS PSCz survey. In this
case FAM reconstructs peculiar velocities with similar intrinsic random errors,
while velocity-velocity correlation properties are well reproduced beyond
scales of ~8 Mpc/h. These results indicate that FAM can be successfully applied
to presently available galaxy redshift surveys such as IRAS PSCz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73632 </DOCNO>
A 2-3 Symmetry in Neutrino Oscillations


  Maximum mixing in atmospheric neutrino oscillation, as well as vanishing of
the MNS matrix element $U_{e3}$, are consequences of a 2-3 symmetry, under
which the neutrino mass matrix is invariant under the interchange of second and
third generation neutrinos. These predictions of the 2-3 symmetry are
consistent with the results of Super-Kamiokande, K2K, and CHOOZ experiments. If
the symmetry is exact at a high-energy scale set by right-handed neutrinos, a
deviation from these predictions generated by renormalization-group corrections
will occur at experimental energies. With an MSSM dynamics, the result can be
made to agree with a global fit of the neutrino data, if normal hierarchy is
assumed on the neutrino mass spectrum and if the mass of the electron-neutrino
is at least about 0.025 eV. The presence of this mass lower bound is a novel
and interesting feature of the symmetry that can be falsified by future
experiments. Of the three viable solar neutrino solutions, only LMA gives a
sizable MNS matrix element $U_{e3}$ that can hopefully be detected in future
reactor experiments. Inverted neutrino mass hierarchy is not permitted by this
symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 482 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity of metallic boron in MgB_2


  Boron in MgB_2 forms layers of honeycomb lattices with magnesium as a space
filler. Band structure calculations indicate that Mg is substantially ionized,
and the bands at the Fermi level derive mainly from B orbitals. Strong bonding
with an ionic component and considerable metallic density of states yield a
sizeable electron-phonon coupling. Using the rigid atomic sphere approximation
and an analogy to Al, we estimate the coupling constant lambda to be of order
1. Together with high phonon frequencies, which we estimate via zone-center
frozen phonon calculations to be between 300 and 700 cm^-1, this produces a
high critical temperature, consistent with recent experiments reporting Tc=39 K
(J. Akimitsu et al., to be published). Thus MgB_2 can be viewed as an analog of
the long sought, but still hypothetical, superconducting metallic hydrogen.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74259 </DOCNO>
Constraints on extra dimensions from cosmological and terrestrial


  If quantum fields exist in extra compact dimensions, they will give rise to a
quantum vacuum or Casimir energy. That vacuum energy will manifest itself as a
cosmological constant. The fact that supernova and cosmic microwave background
data indicate that the cosmological constant is of the same order as the
critical mass density to close the universe supplies a lower bound on the size
of the extra dimensions. Recent laboratory constraints on deviations from
Newton's law place an upper limit. The allowed region is so small as to suggest
that either extra compact dimensions do not exist, or their properties are
about to be tightly constrained by experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149259 </DOCNO>
Nahm Transform and Moduli Spaces of CPn Models on the Torus


  There is a Nahm transform for two-dimensional gauge fields which establishes
a one-to-one correspondence between the orbit space of U(N) gauge fields with
topological charge k defined on a torus and that of U(k) gauge fields with
charge N on the dual torus. The main result of this paper is to show that a
similar duality transform cannot exist for CPn instantons. This fact
establishes a significative difference between 4-D gauge theories and CPn
models. The result follows from the global analysis of the moduli space of
instantons based on a complete and explicit parametrization of all self-dual
solutions on the two-dimensional torus. The boundary of the space of regular
instantons is shown to coincide with the space of singular instantons. This
identification provides a new approach to analyzing the role of overlapping
instantons in the infrared sector of CPn sigma models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76443 </DOCNO>
Extracting V_{ub} Using the Radiative Decay Data


  In this talk I review recent progress made in extracting V_{ub} from the cut
electron energy and hadronic mass spectra of inclusive B meson decays utilizing
the data from radiative decays. It is shown that an extraction is possible
without modeling the B meson structure function. I discuss the issues involving
the assumptions of local duality in various extractions. I also comment on the
recent CLEO extraction of V_{ub}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83530 </DOCNO>
A Dynamic Programming Approach to De Novo Peptide Sequencing via Tandem


  The tandem mass spectrometry fragments a large number of molecules of the
same peptide sequence into charged prefix and suffix subsequences, and then
measures mass/charge ratios of these ions. The de novo peptide sequencing
problem is to reconstruct the peptide sequence from a given tandem mass
spectral data of k ions. By implicitly transforming the spectral data into an
NC-spectrum graph G=(V,E) where |V|=2k+2, we can solve this problem in
O(|V|+|E|) time and O(|V|) space using dynamic programming. Our approach can be
further used to discover a modified amino acid in O(|V||E|) time and to analyze
data with other types of noise in O(|V||E|) time. Our algorithms have been
implemented and tested on actual experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72702 </DOCNO>
Attractors and Isocurvature Perturbations in Quintessence Models


  We investigate the evolution of cosmological perturbations in scenarios with
a quintessence scalar field, both analytically and numerically. In the tracking
regime for quintessence, we find the long wavelength solutions for
quintessential perturbations. We discuss the possibility of isocurvature modes
generated by the quintessence sector and their impact on observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41522 </DOCNO>
Effects of jet algorithms from higher order QCD in $W^\pm$ mass


  We analyse the impact of systematic effects due to the scale dependence of
QCD corrections in combination with the use of different jet clustering
algorithms in the measurement of the $W^\pm$ mass in the fully hadronic decay
mode of $W^+W^-$ pairs produced at LEP2. We consider higher order contributions
induced by both virtual and real gluon radiation onto the electroweak CC03 and
CC11 channels through ${\cal O}(\alpha_{s})$ at the parton level. We find that
the associated uncertainties can be of order 100 MeV, thus competitive with
those possibly arising in the non-perturbative regime and indeed above the
current experimental estimates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127334 </DOCNO>
Iron K-alpha Emission from X-ray Reflection: Predictions for Gamma-Ray


  Recent observations of several gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows have shown
evidence for a large amount of X-ray line emitting material, possibly arising
from ionized iron. A significant detection of an X-ray spectral feature, such
as that found in the Chandra observation of GRB 991216, may provide important
constraints on the immediate environment of the burst and hence on progenitor
models. The large Fe K-alpha equivalent widths inferred from the X-ray
observations favor models in which the line is produced when the primary X-ray
emission from the source strikes Thomson-thick material and Compton scatters
into our line of sight. We present such reflection spectra here, computed in a
fully self-consistent manner, and discuss the range of ionization parameters
that may be relevant to different models of GRBs. We argue that the presence of
a strong hydrogen-like K-alpha line is unlikely, because Fe-XXVI photons would
be trapped resonantly and removed from the line core by Compton scattering. In
contrast, a strong narrow emission line from He-like Fe-XXV is prominent in the
model spectra. We briefly discuss how these constraints may affect the line
energy determination in GRB 991216.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169247 </DOCNO>
The two-body interaction with a circle in time


  We complete our previous(1, 2) demonstration that there is a family of new
solutions to the photon and Dirac equations using spatial and temporal circles
and four-vector behaviour of the Dirac bispinor. We analyse one solution for a
bound state, which is equivalent to the attractive two-body interaction between
a charged point particle and a second, which remains at rest. We show this
yields energy and angular momentum eigenvalues that are identical to those
found by the usual method of solving of the Dirac equation,(4) including fine
structure. We complete our previous derivation(3) of QED from a set of rules
for the two-body interaction and generalise these. We show that QED may be
decomposed into a two-body interaction at every point in spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 296 </DOCNO>
Conductance of a molecular wire attached to mesoscopic leads: contact


  We study linear electron transport through a molecular wire sandwiched
between nanotube leads. We show that the presence of such electrodes strongly
influences the calculated conductance. We find that depending on the quality
and geometry of the contacts between the molecule and the tubular reservoirs,
linear transport can be tuned between an effective Newns spectral behavior and
a more structured one. The latter strongly depends on the topology of the
leads. We also provide analytical evidence for an anomalous behavior of the
conductance as a function of the contact strength.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81292 </DOCNO>
Short distance physics with heavy quark potentials


  We present lattice studies of heavy quark potentials in the quenched
approximation of QCD at finite temperatures. Both, the color singlet and color
averaged potentials are calculated. While the potentials are well known at
large distances, we give a detailed analysis of their short distance behavior
(from 0.015 fm to 1 fm) near the critical temperature. At these distances we
expect that the T-dependent potentials go over into the zero temperature
potential. Indeed, we find evidences that the temperature influence gets
suppressed and the potentials starts to become a unique function of the
underlying distance scale. We use this feature to normalize the heavy quark
potentials at short distances and extract the free energy of the quark system
in a gluonic heat bath.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87079 </DOCNO>
Broad-band gravitational-wave pulses from binary neutron stars in


  Maximum gravitational wave emission from binary stars in eccentric orbits
occurs near the periastron passage. We show that for a stationary distribution
of binary neutron stars in the Galaxy, several high-eccentricity systems with
orbital periods in the range from tens of minutes to several days should exist
that emit broad gravitational-wave pulses in the frequency range 1-100 mHz. The
space interferometer LISA could register the pulsed signal from these system at
a signal-to-noise ratio level $S/N>5\sqrt{5}$ in the frequency range $\sim
10^{-3}-10^{-1}$ Hz during one-year observational time. Some detection
algorithms for such a signal are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98391 </DOCNO>
New relations in the algebra of the Baxter Q-operators


  We consider irreducible cyclic representations of the algebra of monodromy
matrices corresponding to the R-matrix of the six-vertex model. In roots of
unity the Baxter Q-operator can be represented as a trace of a tensor product
of L-operators corresponding to one of these cyclic representations and
satisfies the TQ-equation. We find a new algebraic structure generated by these
L-operators and, as a consequence, by the Q-operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126440 </DOCNO>
Water Vapor in Carbon-rich AGB Stars from the Vaporization of Icy


  We argue that the presence of water vapor in the circumstellar outflow of a
carbon-rich AGB star is potentially a distinctive signature of extra-solar
cometary systems. Detailed models show that at suitable distances from the
star, water ice can survive well into the carbon-rich AGB phase; water vapor
abundances as large as 10^-6 could result from the vaporization of a collection
of orbiting icy bodies with a total mass comparable to what might have been
originally present in the solar system's Kuiper Belt. In particular, the
recently-reported detection by the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite of
water vapor in the circumstellar outflow of IRC+10216 can be explained if ~10
Earth masses of ice is present at a distance ~300 AU from that carbon-rich
star. Future observations with the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO, formerly
known as FIRST) will facilitate sensitive multi-transition observations of
water, yielding line ratios that can establish the radial distribution of water
vapor in IRC+10216. The greater sensitivity of HSO will also allow searches for
water vapor to be carried out in a much larger sample of carbon-rich AGB stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129632 </DOCNO>
No disks around low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in the young sigma


  We report on the analysis of 2MASS near-infrared data of a sample of low-mass
stars and brown dwarfs in the sigma Orionis cluster. Youth and cluster
membership have been spectroscopically confirmed using the Li I spectral line.
We find little evidence in the JHKs colour-colour diagram for near-infrared
excess emission for these cluster members. By comparison with model
expectations, at most 2 out of 34 stars show (H-K) colour consistent with a
near-infrared excess. This scarcity of near-infrared signatures of
circumstellar disks in the lower-mass and substellar regimes of this cluster
contrasts with findings in younger clusters, hinting at an age dependence of
the disk frequency. Taking into account the apparent cluster age, our result
supports the idea of a relatively fast (few Myr) disk dissipation and extends
this conclusion to the substellar regime. We also find some evidence that, in
this cluster, the disk frequency as measured by the Ks-band excess may be mass
dependent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4733 </DOCNO>
Local Density Approximation for Systems with Pairing Correlations


  I formulate a local density approximation for fermion systems with pairing
correlations based on a rapidly converging renormalization scheme for the
pairing gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128862 </DOCNO>
Accurate Stellar Population Studies from Multiband Photometric


  We present a new technique based on multi-band near ultraviolet and optical
photometry to measure both the stellar intrinsic properties, ie luminosity and
effective temperature, and the interstellar dust extinction along the line of
sight to hundreds of stars per square arcminute. The yield is twofold. On the
one hand, the resulting reddening map has a very high spatial resolution, of
the order of a few arcseconds, and can be quite effectively used in regions
where the interstellar material is patchy, thus producing considerable
differential extinction on small angular scales. On the other hand, combining
the photometric information over a wide baseline in wavelength provides an
accurate determination of temperature and luminosity for thousands of stars. As
a test case, we present the results for the region around Supernova 1987A in
the Large Magellanic Cloud imaged with the WFPC2 on board the Hubble Space
Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127548 </DOCNO>
The quiescent light curve and evolutionary state of GRO J1655-40


  We present ellipsoidal light-curve fits to the quiescent B, V, R and I light
curves of GRO J1655-40 (Nova Scorpii 1994). The fits are based on a simple
model consisting of a Roche-lobe filling secondary and an accretion disc around
the black-hole primary. Unlike previous studies, no assumptions are made about
the interstellar extinction or the distance to the source; instead these are
determined self-consistently from the observed light curves. In order to obtain
tighter limits on the model parameters, we used the distance determination from
the kinematics of the radio jet as an additional constraint. We obtain a value
for the extinction that is lower than was assumed previously; this leads to
lower masses for both the black hole and the secondary star of 5.4 +/- 0.3 Msun
and 1.45 +/- 0.35 Msun, respectively. The errors in the determination of the
model parameters are dominated by systematic errors, in particular due to
uncertainties in the modeling of the disk structure and uncertainties in the
atmosphere model for the chemically anomalous secondary in the system. A lower
mass of the secondary naturally explains the transient nature of the system if
it is either in a late case A or early case B mass-transfer phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74668 </DOCNO>
On Calculation of the Neutron Charge Radius


  We show that the anomalous quark magnetic moments and relativistic effects in
the nucleon wave function result in the correct value of the neutron charge
radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128197 </DOCNO>
Zeldovich flow on cosmic vacuum background: new exact nonlinear


  A new exact nonlinear Newtonian solution for a plane matter flow superimposed
on the isotropic Hubble expansion is reported. The dynamical effect of cosmic
vacuum is taken into account. The solution describes the evolution of nonlinear
perturbations via gravitational instability of matter and the termination of
the perturbation growth by anti-gravity of vacuum at the epoch of transition
from matter domination to vacuum domination. On this basis, an `approximate' 3D
solution is suggested as an analog of the Zeldovich ansatz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97150 </DOCNO>
Coarse homology theories


  In this paper we develop an axiomatic approach to coarse homology theories.
We prove a uniqueness result concerning coarse homology theories on the
category of `coarse CW-complexes'. This uniqueness result is used to prove a
version of the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture for such spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96975 </DOCNO>
Local Index Theory over Etale Groupoids


  We give a superconnection proof of Connes' index theorem for proper cocompact
actions of etale groupoids. This includes Connes' general foliation index
theorem for foliations with Hausdorff holonomy groupoid.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2166 </DOCNO>
Vortex phase diagram in trapped Bose-Einstein condensation


  The vortex phase diagram in the external rotation frequency versus
temperature is calculated for dilute Bose-Einstein condensed gases. It is
determined within the Bogoliubov-Popov theory for a finite temperature where
the condensate and non-condensate fractions are treated in an equal footing.
The temperature dependences of various thermodynamic instability lines for the
vortex nucleation are computed to construct the phase diagram. Experiments are
proposed to resolve a recent controversy on the vortex creation problem
associated with the quantized vortex observation in $^{87}$Rb atom gases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7075 </DOCNO>
Onset voltage shift due to non-zero Landau ground state level in


  Coherent electron transport in double-barrier heterostructures with parallel
electric and magnetic fields is analyzed theoretically and with the aid of a
quantum simulator accounting for 3-dimensional transport effects. The
onset-voltage shift induced by the magnetic field in resonant tunneling diodes,
which was previously attributed to the cyclotron frequency $w_c$ inside the
well is found to arise from an upward shift of the non-zero ground (lowest)
Landau state energy in the entire quantum region where coherent transport takes
place. The spatial dependence of the cyclotron frequency is accounted for and
verified to have a negligible impact on resonant tunneling for the device and
magnetic field strength considered. A correction term for the onset-voltage
shift arising from the magnetic field dependence of the chemical potential is
also derived. The Landau ground state with its nonvanishing finite harmonic
oscillator energy $ \hbar w_c /2$ is verified however to be the principal
contributor to the onset voltage shift at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150128 </DOCNO>
Kerr de Sitter Spacetimes in Various Dimension and dS/CFT Correspondence


  We consider the Kerr-de Sitter (Kerr-dS) black hole in various dimensions.
Introducing a counterterm, we show that the total action of these spacetimes
are finite. We compute the masses and the angular momenta of Kerr-dS spaces
with one rotational parameter in four, five and seven dimensions. These
conserved charges are also computed for the case of Kerr-dS space with two
rotational parameters in five dimensions. Although the angular momentum density
due to the counterterm is nonzero, it gives a vanishing contribution to the
total angular momentum. We also find that the total angular momentum of the
spacetime is independent of the radius of the boundary for all cases, a fact
that is not true for the total mass of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5299 </DOCNO>
Recent MD Results on Supercooled Thin Polymer Films


  The dynamic and static properties of a supercooled (non-entangled) polymer
melt are investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The system is
confined between two completely smooth and purely repulsive walls. The
wall-to-wall separation (film thickness), $D$, is varied from about 3 to about
14 times the bulk radius of gyration. Despite the geometric confinement, the
supercooled films exhibit many qualitative features which were also observed in
the bulk and could be analyzed in terms of mode-coupling theory (MCT). Examples
are the two-step relaxation of the incoherent intermediate scattering function,
the time-temperature superposition property of the late time $\alpha$-process
and the space-time factorization of the scattering function on the intermediate
time scale of the MCT $\beta$-process. An analysis of the temperature
dependence of the $\alpha$-relaxation time suggests that the critical
temperature, $\Tc$, of MCT decreases with $D$. If the confinement is not too
strong ($D \ge 10 {monomer diameter}$) the static structure factor of the film
coincides with that of the bulk when compared for the same distance,
$T-\Tc(D)$, to the critical temperature. This suggests that $T-\Tc(D)$ is an
important temperature scale of our model both in the bulk and in the films.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4225 </DOCNO>
Multi-particle excitations and spectral densities in quantum


  The excitation spectrum of the 2-leg S=1/2 Heisenberg ladder is examined
perturbatively. Using an optimally chosen continuous unitary transformation we
expand the Hamiltonian and the Raman operator about the limit of isolated rungs
leading to high order series expansions allowing to calculate spectral
densities quantitatively. The 2-particle sector is examined for total momentum
k=0. We show that triplet-triplet interaction gives rise to a band splitting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179568 </DOCNO>
Light Lambda-Lambda Hypernuclei and the Onset of Stability for Lambda-Xi


  New Faddeev-Yakubovsky calculations for light Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei are
presented in order to assess the self consistency of the Lambda-Lambda
hypernuclear binding-energy world data and the implied strength of the
Lambda-Lambda interaction, in the wake of recent experimental reports on
Lambda-Lambda-4H and Lambda-Lambda-6He. Using Gaussian soft-core simulations of
Nijmegen one-boson-exchange model interactions, the Nijmegen soft-core model
NSC97 simulations are found close to reproducing the recently reported binding
energy of Lambda-Lambda-6He, but not those of other species. For stranger
systems, Faddeev calculations of light Lambda-Xi hypernuclei, using a
simulation of the strongly attractive Lambda-Xi interactions due to the same
model, suggest that Lambda-Xi-6He marks the onset of nuclear stability for Xi
hyperons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7411 </DOCNO>
Ferromagnetism of $^3$He Films in the Low Field Limit


  We provide evidence for a finite temperature ferromagnetic transition in
2-dimensions as $H \to 0$ in thin films of $^3$He on graphite, a model system
for the study of two-dimensional magnetism. We perform pulsed and CW NMR
experiments at fields of 0.03 - 0.48 mT on $^3$He at areal densities of 20.5 -
24.2 atoms/nm$^2$. At these densities, the second layer of $^3$He has a
strongly ferromagnetic tendency. With decreasing temperature, we find a rapid
onset of magnetization that becomes independent of the applied field at
temperatures in the vicinity of 1 mK. Both the dipolar field and the NMR
linewidth grow rapidly as well, which is consistent with a large (order unity)
polarization of the $^3$He spins.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174825 </DOCNO>
Quark Gluon Plasma - Recent Advances


  While heavy ion collisions at the SPS have produced excited strongly
interacting matter near the conditions for quark deconfinement, the RHIC may be
the first machine capable of creating quark-antiquark plasmas sufficiently
long-lived to allow deep penetration into the new phase. A comprehensive
experimental program addressing this exciting physics has been put into place.
Presented here are preliminary results from Au+Au at $\sqrt{S}$ = 130 GeV
obtained during the first RHIC run and some CERN SPS results from Pb+Pb at
$\sqrt{S}$ = 17 GeV (particularly relevant to QGP search).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168412 </DOCNO>
Lowest threshold visibility for testing local realistic theories


  Analytical and numerical arguments are presented in case of a pair of
two-state systems in a singlet state that the threshold visibility for testing
Bell's theorem on the entire range of measurement settings is 33.3%. It is also
shown that no lower treshold exists.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76507 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Inclusive $f_1(1285)$ and $f_1(1420)$ Production in $Z$


  Inclusive production of two $(K\bar K\pi)^0$ states in the mass region
1.22--1.56 GeV in $Z$ decay at LEP I has been observed by the DELPHI
Collaboration. The measured masses and widths are $1274\pm4$ and $29\pm12$ MeV
for the first peak and $1426\pm4$ and $51\pm14$ MeV for the second. A
partial-wave analysis has been performed on the $(K\bar K\pi)^0$ spectrum in
this mass range; the first peak is consistent with the quantum numbers
$I^G(J^{PC})=0^+(0^{-+}/1^{++})$ and the second with $I^G(J^{PC})=0^+(1^{++})$.
These measurements, as well as their total hadronic production rates per
hadronic $Z$ decay, are consistent with the mesons of the type $n\bar n$, where
$n=\{u,d\}$. They are very likely to be the $f_1(1285)$ and the $f_1(1420)$,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113345 </DOCNO>
A review of Johnjoe McFadden's book ``Quantum Evolution''


  In ``Quantum Evolution: Life in the Multiverse'' (HarperCollins, 2000), ISBN
0-00-255948-X, 0-00-655128-9, Johnjoe McFadden makes far-reaching claims for
the importance of quantum physics in the solution of problems in biological
science. In this review, I discuss the relevance of unitary wavefunction
dynamics to biological systems, analyse the inverse quantum Zeno effect, and
argue that McFadden's use of quantum theory is deeply flawed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96369 </DOCNO>
Conservation of pseudo-norm in PT symmetric quantum mechanics


  An extension of the Stone's theorem to PT symmetric, extended quantum
mechanics must employ its pseudo-norm. We show that the evolution of the wave
functions is then pseudo-unitary, and emphasize that their pseudo-norm remains
time-independent even in the spontaneously broken symmetry regime where the
energies themselves cease to be real.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126728 </DOCNO>
The GRB Host Galaxies and Redshifts


  Observations of GRB host galaxies and their environments in general can
provide valuable clues about the nature of progenitors. Bursts are associated
with faint, <R> ~ 25 mag, galaxies at cosmological redshifts, <z> ~ 1. The host
galaxies span a range of luminosities and morphologies, and appear to be
broadly typical for the normal, evolving, actively star-forming galaxy
populations at comparable redshifts and magnitudes, but may have somewhat
elevated SFR per unit luminosity. There are also spectroscopic hints of massive
star formation, from the ratios of [Ne III] and [O II] lines. The observed,
unobscured star formation rates are typically a few M_sun/yr, but a
considerable fraction of the total star formation in the hosts may be obscured
by dust. A census of detected optical afterglows provides a powerful new handle
on the obscured fraction of star formation in the universe; the current results
suggest that at most a half of the massive star formation was hidden by dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7468 </DOCNO>
Exact calculations of the paranematic interaction energy for colloidal


  In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. E 61, 2831 (2000)], Borstnik, Stark and Zumer
have studied the stability of a colloidal dispersion of micron-sized spherical
particles in the isotropic phase of a nematogenic material. Close to the
nematic transition, the attraction due to a surface-induced paranematic order
can yield flocculation. Their calculation of the nematic-mediated interaction
was based on an ansatz for the order-parameter profile. We compare it with an
exact numerical calculation, showing that their results are qualitatively
correct. Besides, we point out that in the considered regime, the exact
interaction is extremely well approximated by a simple analytical formula which
is asymptotically exact.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73988 </DOCNO>
First results on the running coupling in QCD with two massless flavours


  We report on the non-perturbative computation of the running coupling of
two-flavour QCD in the Schr"odinger functional scheme. The corresponding
Lambda-parameter, which describes the coupling strength at high energy, is
related to a low energy scale which still remains to be connected to a hadronic
``experimentally'' observable quantity. We find the non-perturbative evolution
of the coupling indispensable to avoid untolerable errors in the estimated
Lambda-parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76222 </DOCNO>
Color Evaporation and Elastic $\Upsilon$ Photoproduction at DESY HERA


  The diffractive photoproduction of vector mesons is usually described
considering the two-gluon (Pomeron) exchange, non-diagonal parton distributions
and the contribution of the real part to the cross section. In this letter we
analyze the diffractive photoproduction of the $\Upsilon$ at HERA using an
alternative model, the Color Evaporation Model (CEM), where the cross section
is simply determined by the boson-gluon cross section and an assumption for the
production of the colorless state. We verify that, similarly to the $J/\Psi$
case, the HERA data for this process can be well described by the CEM.
Moreover, we propose the analyzes of the ratio $R = \sigma_{\Upsilon} /
\sigma_{J/\Psi}$ to discriminate between the distinct approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123733 </DOCNO>
Using the Supernova / Acceleration Probe (SNAP) to Search for


  Microlensing experiments today have a tantalizing result; they have detected
an excess of microlensing events beyond what is expected from known stellar
populations. These events could be due to a possible form of Halo dark matter.
However, study of these events is limited by their small number and poor
photometric precision. The SNAP satellite, which has been proposed to search
for supernovae, would be an ideal instrument to search for microlensing events
towards the LMC. Due in part to its larger mirror, and largely to its superb
space-based seeing and low background, with a modest program SNAP will be able
to detect $\sim 250$ microlensing events per year. In addition, SNAP will
generate $\sim 16$ high quality events per year with 1% photometric resolution.
These data should break the microlensing degeneracy, and determine whether the
events are indeed due to dark matter lenses in the Galactic Halo. Side benefits
of such a program will include a never before equaled catalog of variable stars
in the LMC. On of the most intriguing possibilities is a direct measurement of
the distance to the LMC. Such a measurement will determine what is today the
most uncertain rung on the distance ladder and thus lock down the Hubble
constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76614 </DOCNO>
Excited Leptons at the CERN Large Hadron Collider


  We analyze the potential of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to search
for excited spin-1/2 electrons and neutrinos. Assuming a SU(2)_L X U(1)_Y
invariant model, we study in detail the single production of excited electrons
and neutrinos and respective backgrounds through the reactions p p -> e+ e- V
and e+- \nu V with V=photon, W, or Z. We show that the LHC will be able to
tighten considerably the direct constraints on these possible new states,
probing excited lepton masses up to 1-2 TeV depending on their couplings to
fermions and gauge bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73990 </DOCNO>
Relic Gravity Waves from Braneworld Inflation


  We discuss a scenario in which extra dimensional effects allow a scalar field
with a steep potential to play the dual role of the inflaton as well as dark
energy (quintessence). The post-inflationary evolution of the universe in this
scenario is generically characterised by a `kinetic regime' during which the
kinetic energy of the scalar field greatly exceeds its potential energy
resulting in a `stiff' equation of state for scalar field matter $P_\phi \simeq
\rho_\phi$. The kinetic regime precedes the radiation dominated epoch and
introduces an important new feature into the spectrum of relic gravity waves
created quantum mechanically during inflation. The gravity wave spectrum
increases with wavenumber for wavelengths shorter than the comoving horizon
scale at the commencement of the radiative regime. This `blue tilt' is a
generic feature of models with steep potentials and imposes strong constraints
on a class of inflationary braneworld models. Prospects for detection of the
gravity wave background by terrestrial and space-borne gravity wave
observatories such as LIGO II and LISA are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168680 </DOCNO>
Comments on the nonlinear Schrodinger equation


  A proof is given that if the nonlinear Schrodinger wave function is
constrained to have support over only a finite volume in configuration space,
then the total energy is bounded from below for either sign of the logarithmic
term in the Hamiltonian. It is concluded that the usual assumption about the
sign of the logarithmic term made by Bialynicki-Birula and Mycielski is not the
only possibility, and that a sensible theory can be made with the opposite sign
as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5397 </DOCNO>
Abnormal Occupation REvisited


  It is demonstrated the Fermi surface of dense neutron matter may experience a
rearrangement near the onset of pion condensation, due to strong momentum
dependence of the effective interaction induced by spin-isospin fluctuations.
In particular, the Fermi surface may take the form of a partially hollow sphere
having a spherical hole in its center (a ``Lifschitz bubble''). Thus, a second
(inner) Fermi surface may form as high-momentum single-particle states are
filled and low-momentum states are vacated. The influence of this phenomenon on
the superfluid transition temperature of the Fermi system is characterized with
the help of a separation transformation of the BCS gap equation. This work may
be viewed as a revival of the search for physical realizations of abnormal
occupation in infinite, homogeneous Fermi systems -- plausible instances in
which the quasiparticle distribution differs from that of an ideal Fermi gas
and Fermi liquid theory breaks down.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126943 </DOCNO>
The Self-Enrichment of Galactic Halo Globular Clusters: the


  We discuss the existence of a mass-metallicity relation among galactic halo
globular clusters. The lack of any luminosity-metallicity correlation in
globular cluster systems has been used as an argument against self-enrichment
models of cluster formation. We show that such a relation is statistically
present among the galactic Old Halo globulars. This observational correlation
implies that the least massive old clusters are the most metal-rich. This is in
contradiction with the idea that, if globular clusters were self-enriched
systems, the most metal-rich clusters would also be the most massive ones. We
further show that this anti-correlation is as predicted by self-enrichment
models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169290 </DOCNO>
Measurements of semi-local and non-maximally entangled states


  Consistency with relativistic causality narrows down dramatically the class
of measurable observables. We argue that by weakening the preparation role of
ideal measurements, many of these observables become measurable. Particularly,
we show by applying entanglement assisted remote operations, that all Hermitian
observable of a $2\times2$-dimensional bipartite system are measurable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7464 </DOCNO>
Photoemission studies of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As: Mn-concentration


  Using angle-resolved photoemission, we have investigated the development of
the electronic structure and the Fermi level pinnning in Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As
with Mn concentrations in the range 1--6%. We find that the Mn-induced changes
in the valence-band spectra depend strongly on the Mn concentration, suggesting
that the interaction between the Mn ions is more complex than assumed in
earlier studies. The relative position of the Fermi level is also found to be
concentration-dependent. In particular we find that for concentrations around
3.5--5% it is located very close to the valence-band maximum, which is in the
range where metallic conductivity has been reported in earlier studies. For
concentration outside this range, larger as well as smaller, the Fermi level is
found to be pinned at about 0.15 eV higher energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6123 </DOCNO>
Electron fractionalization induced dephasing in Luttinger liquids


  Charged excitations in Luttinger liquids are not electronlike: There is an
orthogonality catastrophe when one tries to add in an extra electron. Using the
appropriate fractionalization scheme, we carefully define the temperature- and
interaction dependence of the electron life-time. This is relevant for the
detection of electronic interferences in ballistic rings and carbon nanotubes,
inducing ``dephasing''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4239 </DOCNO>
Electrical Properties of Crystalline Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 Thin Films


  Thin Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) films on p-type Si (100) using The Chemical
Solution Deposition (CSD) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), C-V meter analysis measurement were employed to characterise
the films. The growth condition to obtain enough quality epitaxial of
Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 carried out by spin coating at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds, and then
annealing at 900oC for 15 hours. The structure and crystallinity of thin films
were investigated by XRD preffered orientation (100), (010); (110), (111),
(200), surface analysis by SEM magnification x10000 thin films were heterogen
and thickness film 1100 nm; electrical characterization Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 at MFS
(Metal Ferroelectric Semiconductor) structure in room temperature (300 K) by
carried out capacitance flat band (CFB) for frequency 10 KHz and 100 KHz were
206 pF and 187 pF, dielectric constant for frequency 10 KHz and 100 KHz were
132.67 and 117.22, dielectric loss minimum for frequency 10 KHz and 100 KHz
were 5.37 % and 6.43 % respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127005 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX Observation of the NGC 3079 Nucleus


  Using the BeppoSAX observatory, we have observed a nearby LINER/Seyfert 2
galaxy, NGC 3079, which is known as an outflow galaxy and a bright H_2O-maser
source. Using the PDS detector, we have revealed that the NGC 3079 nucleus
suffers from a Compton-thick absorption, with a hydrogen column density \sim
10^{25} cm^{-2}. After corrected the absorption, the 2--10 keV luminosity
becomes 10^{42-43} erg s^{-1} at a distance of 16 Mpc. It is 2-3 orders of
magnitude higher than that observed in the MECS band (below 10 kev). We also
detected a strong Fe-K line at 6.4^{+0.3}_{-0.2} keV with an equivalent width
of 2.4^{+2.9}_{-1.5} keV, which is consistent with the heavy absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81095 </DOCNO>
On the Spontaneous Breakdown of Lorentz Symmetry in Matrix Models of


  In string or M theories, the spontaneous breaking of 10D or 11D Lorentz
symmetry is required to describe our space-time. A direct approach to this
issue is provided by the IIB matrix model. We study its 4D version, which
corresponds to the zero volume limit of 4D super SU(N) Yang-Mills theory. Based
on the moment of inertia as a criterion, spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB)
seems to occur, so that only one extended direction remains, as first observed
by Bialas, Burda et al. However, using Wilson loops as probes of space-time we
do not observe any sign of SSB in Monte Carlo simulations where N is as large
as 48. This agrees with an earlier observation that the phase of the fermionic
integral, which is absent in the 4D model, should play a crucial role if SSB of
Lorentz symmetry really occurs in the 10D IIB matrix model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128404 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Population of High Redshift Galaxies


  Using the VLT we have obtained high quality spectra of about 70 high redshift
(1- 4.6) galaxies within the FORS Deep Field (FDF). As expected most of them
turn out to be (bright) starburst galaxies and the observed spectra agree with
synthetic ones. The equivalent width of the CIV(1550) absorption line turns out
to be a good indicator for the galaxies metallicity. Furthermore our high-z
starburst galaxies show increasing metal content with decreasing redshift.
Compared with local starburst galaxies they tend to be overliminous for their
metallicity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127976 </DOCNO>
The Interacting Dwarf Galaxy NGC 3077: The Interplay of Atomic and


  We present a comprehensive multi-wavelength study of the nearby interacting
dwarf galaxy NGC3077 (member of the M81 triplet). High resolution VLA HI
observations show that most of the atomic gas (~90%) around NGC3077 is situated
in a prominent tidal arm with a complex velocity structure. Little HI (~5 x
10^7 M_sun) is associated with NGC3077 itself. High resolution OVRO
observations of the molecular component (CO) reveal the presence of 16
molecular complexes near the center of NGC3077 (total mass: ~1.6 x 10^6 M_sun).
A virial mass analysis of the individual complexes yields a lower CO-to-H_2
conversion factor in NGC3077 than the Galactic value - a surprising result for
a dwarf galaxy. The total (atomic and molecular) gas content in the centre of
NGC3077 is displaced from the stellar component of NGC3077 -- this implies that
not only the gas at large galactocentric radii is affected by the interaction
within the triplet but also the center. We speculate that the starburst
activity of NGC3077 was triggered by this redistribution of gas in the center.
Some of these supershells are surrounded by neutral hydrogen. In a few cases,
the rims of the ionized supershells are associated with dust absorption. The
most prominent star forming region in NGC3077 as probed by Pa-alpha
observations is hidden behind a dust cloud which is traced by the molecular
complexes. Correcting for extinction we derive a star forming rate of 0.05
M_sun year^-1, i.e. given the reservoir in atomic and molecular gas in NGC3077,
star formation may proceed at a similar rate for a few 10^8 years. The
efficiency to form stars out of molecular gas in NGC3077 is similar to that in
M82.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125163 </DOCNO>
Measurement of stellar age from uranium decay


  The ages of the oldest stars in the Galaxy indicate when star formation
began, and provide a minimum age for the Universe. Radioactive dating of
meteoritic material and stars relies on comparing the present abundance ratios
of radioactive and stable nuclear species to the theoretically predicted ratios
of their production. The radioisotope $^{232}$Th (half-life 14 Gyr) has been
used to date Galactic stars, but it decays by only a factor of two over the
lifetime of the Universe. $^{238}$U (half-life 4.5 Gyr) is in principle a more
precise age indicator, but even its strongest spectral line, from singly
ionized uranium at a wavelength of 385.957 nm, has previously not been detected
in stars. Here we report a measurement of this line in the very metal-poor star
CS31082-001, a star which is strongly overabundant in its heavy elements. The
derived uranium abundance, log(U/H) = -13.7+/-0.14+/-0.12 yields an age of
12.5+/-3 Gyr, though this is still model dependent. The observation of this
cosmochronometer gives the most direct age determination of the Galaxy. Also,
with improved theoretical and laboratory data, it will provide a highly precise
lower limit to the age of the Universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148571 </DOCNO>
Covariant Quantum Green's Function for an Accelerated Particle


  Covariant relativistic quantum theory is used to study the covariant Green's
function, which can be used to determine the proper time evolved wave functions
that are solutions to the covariant Schr\"odinger type equation for a massive
spin zero particle. The concept of covariant action is used to obtain the
Green's function for an accelerated relativistic particle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76481 </DOCNO>
Inflationary perturbations with multiple scalar fields


  The calculation of scalar gravitational and matter perturbations during
multiple-field inflation valid to first order in slow roll is discussed. These
fields may be the coordinates of a non-trivial field manifold and hence have
non-minimal kinetic terms. A basis for these perturbations determined by the
background dynamics is introduced, and the slow-roll functions are generalized
to the multiple-field case. Solutions for a perturbation mode in its three
different behavioural regimes are combined, leading to an analytic expression
for the correlator of the gravitational potential. Multiple-field effects
caused by the coupling to the field perturbation perpendicular to the field
velocity can even contribute at leading order. This is illustrated numerically
with an example of a quadratic potential. (The material here is based on
previous work by the authors presented in hep-ph/0107272.)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168479 </DOCNO>
Some Worlds of Quantum Theory


  This paper assesses the Everettian approach to the measurement problem,
especially the version of that approach advocated by Simon Saunders and David
Wallace. I emphasise conceptual, indeed metaphysical, aspects rather than
technical ones; but I include an introductory exposition of decoherence. In
particular, I discuss whether -- as these authors maintain -- it is acceptable to
have no precise definition of 'branch' (in the Everettian kind of sense).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76814 </DOCNO>
Small Dirac Neutrino Masses and R-parity from Anomalous U(1) Symmetry


  We suggest that many of the free parameters in the supersymmetric extensions
of the Standard Model can be all linked together to the existence of a non
universal U(1) gauge symmetry, which has been spontaneously broken at very high
scale. Such a symmetry can easily generate, via non-renormalizable operators,
appropriate tree level fermion mass textures as well as the $\mu$-term of the
Higgs potential. We give a general parametrization of those terms. As an
output, R parity breaking terms only appear at a non-renormalizable level and
linked to the Yukawa couplings, giving rise to the possibility of having an
effective (exact) R parity conservation. As an interesting application of this
idea we explore the case where neutrinos are Dirac particles. The scenario can
be embedded in an extended SU(5) unification theory where the extra right
handed neutrinos are introduced as singlets. Such theory has an exact R parity
conservation and sneutrino as LSP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179244 </DOCNO>
The importance of the nucleon-nucleon correlations for the eta alpha


  Using the new set of dd --> eta alpha near threshold experimental data, the
estimate of the importance of the nucleon-nucleon correlations for the eta
alpha S-wave scattering length in the multiple scattering theory is obtained
using the low-energy scattering length model. The contribution turns out to be
much bigger then previously believed. The pi-eta mixing angle is extracted
using the experimental data on the dd --> eta alpha and dd --> pi alpha
processes. The model is dominated by the subthreshold extrapolation recipe for
the eta alpha scattering amplitudes. When the recipe is chosen the model is
completely insensitive to the eta alpha parameters for the subthreshold value
of the eta cm momentum of p_{eta}^2 = -(0.46)^2 fm^{-2}. Provided that the
subthreshold extrapolation recipe is correct, a good estimate of the pi-eta
mixing angle is obtained, if the experimental cross sections for the dd --> pi
alpha reaction at the corresponding deuteron input energy are taken from the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99093 </DOCNO>
Differential Calculus on Quantum Complex Grassmann Manifolds I:


  Covariant first order differential calculus over quantum complex Grassmann
manifolds is considered. It is shown by a Pusz-Woronowicz type argument that
under restriction to calculi close to classical Kaehler differentials there
exist exactly two such calculi for the homogeneous coordinate ring.
Complexification and localization procedures are used to induce covariant first
order differential calculi over quantum Grassmann manifolds. It is shown that
these differential calculi behave in many respects as their classical
counterparts. As an example the q-deformed Chern character of the tautological
bundle is constructed.
 Keywords: Quantum groups, quantum spaces, quantum Grassmann manifolds,
differential calculus

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114496 </DOCNO>
A useful form of the recurrence relation between relativistic atomic


  Recently obtained recurrence formulae for relativistic hydrogenic radial
matrix elements are cast in a simpler and perhaps more useful form. This is
achieved with the help of a new relation between the $r^a$ and the $\beta r^b$
terms ($\beta$ is a $4\times 4$ Dirac matrix and $a, b$ are constants) in the
atomic matrix elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86649 </DOCNO>
Consequences on some dark energy-candidates from the type Ia supernova


  We examine the status of various dark energy-models in light of the recently
observed SN 1997ff at z \approx 1.7. The modified data still fit a pure
cosmological constant \Lambda or a quintessence with an equation of state
similar to that of \Lambda. The kinematical \Lambda-models, \Lambda\sim S^{-2}
and \Lambda\sim H^2, also fit the data reasonably well and require less dark
energy density than is required by the constant \Lambda-model. However, the
model \Lambda\sim S^{-2} with low energy density becomes unphysical as it
cannot accommodate higher redshift objects. We also examine an alternative
explanation of the data, viz., the absorption by the intervening whisker-like
dust and find that the quasi-steady state model and the FRW model \Omega_{\rm
m0}=0.33, {\it without any dark energy} also fit the data reasonably well. We
notice that the addition of SN 1997ff to the old data has worsened the fit to
most of the models, except a closed FRW model with a constant \Lambda and a
closed quintessence-model with \omega_\phi=-0.82, and the models have started
departing from each other as we go above z=1. However, to make a clear
discrimination possible, a few more supernovae with z>1 are required. We have
also calculated the age of the universe in these models and find that, in the
models with a constant \Lambda, the expansion age is uncomfortably close to the
age of the globular clusters. Quintessence-models show even lower age. The
kinematical \Lambda-models are, however, interesting in this connection
(especially the model \Lambda\sim H^2), which give remarkably large age of the
universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168990 </DOCNO>
Squeezed light from microstructured fibres: towards free space quantum


  Amplitude squeezed pulsed light has been produced using a microstructured
silica fibre. By spectrally filtering after the nonlinear propagation in the
fibre a squeezing value of -1.7dB has been measured. A quantum key distribution
scheme based on squeezed light from such microstructured fibres is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97881 </DOCNO>
Regularity of limits of noncollapsing sequences of manifolds


  We prove that iterated spaces of directions of a limit of a noncollapsing
sequence of manifolds with lower curvature bound are topologically spheres. As
an application we show that for any finite dimensional Alexandrov space
 $X^n$ with $n\ge 5$ there exists an Alexandrov space $Y$ homeomorphic to $X$
which can not be obtained as such a limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76539 </DOCNO>
On the stability of excited atoms in small cavities


  We consider a system consisting of an atom in the approximation of a harmonic
oscillator of frequency $\bar{\omega}$, coupled to the scalar potential inside
a spherical reflecting cavity of radius $R$. We use {\it dressed} states
introduced in a previous publication \cite{nelson}, which allow a
non-perturbative unified description of the atom radiation process, in both
cases, of a finite or an arbitrarily large cavity. We perform a study of the
energy distribution in a small cavity, with the initial condition that the atom
is in the first excited state and we conclude for the quasi-stability of the
excited atom. For instance, for a frequency $\bar{\omega}$ of the order
$\bar{\omega}\sim 4.00\times 10^{14}/s$ (in the visible red), starting from the
initial condition that the atom is in the first excited level, we find that for
a cavity with diameter $2R\sim 1.0\times 10^{-6}m$, the probability that the
atom be at any time still in the first excited level, will be of the order of
$97\%$. For a typical microwave frequency $\bar{\omega}\sim 2,00\times
10^{10}/s$ we find stability in the first excited state also of the order of
$97\%$ for a cavity radius $R\sim 1.4\times 10^{-2}m$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126194 </DOCNO>
Public Release of 2dF data from the Fornax Cluster Spectroscopic Survey


  Thanks to the 2dF spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, we have
recently completed the first stage of a complete spectroscopic survey more than
one order of magnitude larger than any previous study, measuring 7000 spectra
in a 6 sq.deg. area as part of our study of the Fornax Cluster. In this article
we describe the public release of 3600 spectra from our first field. We hope
that this public release will encourage colleagues making surveys for rare
objects to choose these fields, as much of the follow-up spectroscopy that
might be required is available from our data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179522 </DOCNO>
The damping width of giant dipole resonances of cold and hot nuclei: a


  A phenomenological macroscopic model of the Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR)
damping width of cold- and hot-nuclei with ground-state spherical and
near-spherical shapes is developed. The model is based on a generalized Fermi
Liquid model which takes into account the nuclear surface dynamics. The
temperature dependence of the GDR damping width is accounted for in terms of
surface- and volume-components. Parameter-free expressions for the damping
width and the effective deformation are obtained. The model is validated with
GDR measurements of the following nuclides, $^{39,40}$K, $^{42}$Ca, $^{45}$Sc,
$^{59,63}$Cu, $^{109-120}$Sn,$^{147}$Eu, $^{194}$Hg, and $^{208}$Pb, and is
compared with the predictions of other models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76648 </DOCNO>
Renormalization of an effective model Hamiltonian by a counter term


  An ill-defined integral equation for modeling the mass-spectrum of mesons is
regulated with an additional but unphysical parameter. This parameter
dependance is removed by renormalization. Illustrative graphical examples are
given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72597 </DOCNO>
Suppression of multi-gluon fluctuations in jets at a Linear Collider


  It was shown that at typical energies and luminosities of an $e^+e^-$ linear
collider one can observe a significant suppression of fluctuations of the
number of gluons in small angular regions. This property of jets is expected in
$e^+e^-$ annihilation as well as in any collision producing high energy quarks
which give rise to the QCD gluon cascade. The reduction of multiplicity
fluctuations was obtained from perturbative QCD using bunching parameters and
then cross checked with a Monte Carlo simulation. The parton-level Monte Carlo
simulation confirms the prediction, while the hadron level illustrates that the
effect survives the hadronization process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95596 </DOCNO>
Quantum matrix ball: the Cauchi-Szeg\"o kernel and the Shilov boundary


  This work produces a q-analogue of the Cauchi-Szeg\"o integral representation
that retrieves a holomorphic function in the matrix ball from its values on the
Shilov boundary. Besides that, the Shilov boundary of the quantum matrix ball
is described and the U_q su(m,n)-covariance of the U_q s(u(m)x u(n))-invariant
integral on this boundary is established. The latter result allows one to
obtain a q-analogue for the principal degenerate series of unitary
representations related to the Shilov boundary of the matrix ball.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98503 </DOCNO>
Schwarzian Derivatives and Flows of Surfaces


  This paper goes some way in explaining how to construct an integrable
hierarchy of flows on the space of conformally immersed tori in n-space. These
flows have first occured in mathematical physics -- the Novikov-Veselov and
Davey-Stewartson hierarchies -- as kernel dimension preserving deformations of
the Dirac operator. Later, using spinorial representations of surfaces, the
same flows were interpreted as deformations of surfaces in 3- and 4-space
preserving the Willmore energy. This last property suggest that the correct
geometric setting for this theory is Moebius invariant surface geometry. We
develop this view point in the first part of the paper where we derive the
fundamental invariants -- the Schwarzian derivative, the Hopf differential and
a normal connection -- of a conformal immersion into n-space together with
their integrability equations. To demonstrate the effectivness of our approach
we discuss and prove a variety of old and new results from conformal surface
theory. In the the second part of the paper we derive the Novikov-Veselov and
Davey-Stewartson flows on conformally immersed tori by Moebius invariant
geometric deformations. We point out the analogy to a similar derivation of the
KdV hierarchy as flows on Schwarzian's of meromorphic functions. Special
surface classes, e.g. Willmore surfaces and isothermic surfaces, are preserved
by the flows.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6453 </DOCNO>
How different Fermi surface maps emerge in photoemission from Bi2212


  We report angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) from the Fermi energy
($E_F$) over a large area of the ($k_x,k_y$) plane using 21.2 eV and 32 eV
photons in two distinct polarizations from an optimally doped single crystal of
Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ (Bi2212), together with extensive
first-principles simulations of the ARPES intensities. The results display a
wide-ranging level of accord between theory and experiment and clarify how
myriad Fermi surface (FS) maps emerge in ARPES under various experimental
conditions. The energy and polarization dependences of the ARPES matrix element
help disentangle primary contributions to the spectrum due to the pristine
lattice from those arising from modulations of the underlying tetragonal
symmetry and provide a route for separating closely placed FS sheets in low
dimensional materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86321 </DOCNO>
Testing the gravitomagnetic clock effect on the Earth with neutron


  The general relativistic gravitomagnetic clock effect consists in the fact
that two point particles orbiting a central spinning object along identical,
circular equatorial geodesic paths, but in opposite directions, exhibit a time
difference in describing a full revolution. It turns out that the particle
rotating in the same sense of the central body is slower than the particle
rotating in the opposite sense. In this paper it is proposed to measure such
effect in an Earth laboratory experiment involving interferometry of slow
neutrons. With a sphere of 2.5 cm radius and spinning at 4.3 x 10^4 rad/s as
central source, and using neutrons with wavelength of 1 Angstrom it should be
possible to obtain, for a given sense of rotation of the central source, a
phase shift of 0.18 rad, well within the experimental sensitivity. By reversing
the sense of rotation of the central body it should be possible to obtain a
0.06 fringe shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125022 </DOCNO>
Disk Contamination in a sample of proper motion selected halo stars: A


  Based on a proper motion survey, Oppenheimer et al. claim the detection of a
white dwarf component of the dark matter of the halo. I show that most of the
white dwarfs in their sample are likely disk white dwarfs which have been
previously detected, and represent no new population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127326 </DOCNO>
Fast Parameter Estimation from the CMB Power Spectrum


  The statistical properties of a map of the primary fluctuations in the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) may be specified to high accuracy by a few thousand
power spectra measurements, provided the fluctuations are gaussian, yet the
number of parameters relevant for the CMB is probably no more than about 10-20.
There is consequently a large degree of redundancy in the power spectrum data.
In this paper, we show that the MOPED data compression technique can reduce the
CMB power spectrum measurements to about 10-20 numbers (one for each
parameter), from which the cosmological parameters can be estimated virtually
as accurately as from the complete power spectrum. This offers opportunities
for very fast parameter estimation from real and simulated CMB skies, with
accurate likelihood calculations at Planck resolution being speeded up by a
factor of around five hundred million.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41377 </DOCNO>
Search for B^0 --> a_0^+(980)pi^-


  We present preliminary results of a search for the decay B^0 -->
a_0^+(980)pi^- among 22.7 million Upsilon(4S)-->B-anti-B pairs collected by the
BABAR detector at PEP-II. Using improved background suppression techniques and
optimal signal extraction for rare decay searches, an excess of events over
expected background is observed at the level of 3.7 standard deviations. This
corresponds to the branching fraction BR(B^0 --> a_0^+ (a_0^+ --> eta pi^+)
pi^-) =(6.2_{-2.5}^{+3.0}+/-1.1) x 10^{-6}, where the first error is
statistical and the second is systematic. The 90% confidence level upper limit
is 11.5 x 10^{-6}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174812 </DOCNO>
Isospin Dependence of Mechanical and Chemical Instabilities in


  Within nuclear thermodynamics and an isospin-dependent transport model we
investigate respective roles of the nuclear mean field and the 2-body
stochastic scattering on the evolution of density and isospin fluctuations in
either mechanically or chemically unstable regions of neutron-rich matter. It
is found that the mean field dominates overwhelmingly the fast growth of both
fluctuations, while the 2-body scattering influences significantly the later
growth of the isospin fluctuation only. Moreover, both fluctuations grow in
mechanically unstable systems, while only the density fluctuation grows
significantly in chemically unstable ones. Furthermore, the magnitude of both
fluctuations decreases with the increasing isospin asymmetry because of the
larger reduction of the attractive isoscalar mean field by the stronger
repuslive neutron symmetry potential in the more neutron-rich matter. Finally,
several experimental measurements are proposed to test these findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125280 </DOCNO>
On the Possibility of Observing H2 Emission from Primordial Molecular


  We study the prospects for observing H$_2$ emission during the assembly of
primordial molecular cloud kernels. The primordial molecular cloud cores, which
resemble those at the present epoch, can emerge around $1+z=20$ according to
recent numerical simulations. The kernels form inside the cores, and the first
stars will appear inside the kernels. A kernel typically contracts to form one
of the first generation stars with an accretion rate that is as large as $\sim
0.01 M_\odot$ year$^{-1}$. This occurs due to the primordial abundances that
result in a kernel temperature of order 1000K, and the collapsing kernel emits
H$_2$ line radiation at a rate $\sim 10^{35}$ erg sec$^{-1}$. Principally
$J=5-3$ (v=0) rotational emission of H$_2$ is expected. At redshift $1+z=20$,
the expected flux is $\sim 0.01~\mu$Jy for a single kernel. While an individual
object is not observable by any facilities available in the near future, the
expected assembly of primordial star clusters on sub-galactic scales can result
in fluxes at the sub-mJy level. This is marginally observable with ASTRO-F. We
also examine the rotational $J=2-0$ (v=0) and vibrational $\delta v = 1$
emission lines. The former may possibly be detectable with ALMA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98611 </DOCNO>
Superconformal symmetry and hyperKaehler manifolds with torsion


  The geometry arising from Michelson & Strominger's study of N=4B
supersymmetric quantum mechanics with superconformal D(2,1;alpha)-symmetry is a
hyperKaehler manifold with torsion (HKT) together with a special homothety. It
is shown that different parameters alpha are related via changes in potentials
for the HKT target spaces. For alpha not 0 or -1, we describe how each such HKT
4m-manifold M is derived from a space N of dimension 4m-4 which is quaternionic
Kaehler with torsion and carries an Abelian instanton.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99079 </DOCNO>
Cohomological properties of the quantum shuffle product and application


  For a commutative algebra the shuffle product is a morphism of complexes. We
generalize this result to the quantum shuffle product, associated to a class of
non-commutative algebras (for example all the Hopf algebras). As a first
application we show that the Hochschild-Serre identity is the dual statement of
our result. In particular, we extend this identity to Hopf algebras. Secondly,
we clarify the construction of a class of quasi-Hopf algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73393 </DOCNO>
Time-Evolution of a Collective Meson Field by the Use of a Squeezed


  A time-evolution of quantum meson fields is investigated in a linear sigma
model by means of the time-dependent variational approach with a squeezed
state. The chiral condensate, which is a mean field of the quantum meson
fields, and quantum fluctuations around it are treated self-consistently in
this approach. The attention is payed to the description of the relaxation
process of the chiral condensate, where the energy stored in the mean field
configuration flows to the fluctuation modes. It is shown that the quantum
fluctuations play an important role to describe this relaxation process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73372 </DOCNO>
Eta' Mass and Chiral Symmetry Breaking at Large Nc and Nf


  We propose a method for implementing the large-Nc, large-Nf limit of QCD at
the effective Lagrangian level. Depending on the value of the ratio Nf/Nc,
different patterns of chiral symmetry breaking can arise, leading in particular
to different behaviors of the eta-prime mass in the combined large-N limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149675 </DOCNO>
A discrete leading symbol and spectral asymptotics for natural


  We initiate a systematic study of natural differential operators in
Riemannian geometry whose leading symbols are not of Laplace type. In
particular, we define a discrete leading symbol for such operators which may be
computed pointwise, or from spectral asymptotics. We indicate how this can be
applied to the computation of another kind of spectral asymptotics, namely
asymptotic expansions of fundamental solutions, and to the computation of
conformally covariant operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81096 </DOCNO>
Dynamically Triangulating Lorentzian Quantum Gravity


  Fruitful ideas on how to quantize gravity are few and far between. In this
paper, we give a complete description of a recently introduced non-perturbative
gravitational path integral whose continuum limit has already been investigated
extensively in d less than 4, with promising results. It is based on a
simplicial regularization of Lorentzian space-times and, most importantly,
possesses a well-defined, non-perturbative Wick rotation. We present a detailed
analysis of the geometric and mathematical properties of the discretized model
in d=3,4. This includes a derivation of Lorentzian simplicial manifold
constraints, the gravitational actions and their Wick rotation. We define a
transfer matrix for the system and show that it leads to a well-defined
self-adjoint Hamiltonian. In view of numerical simulations, we also suggest
sets of Lorentzian Monte Carlo moves. We demonstrate that certain pathological
phases found previously in Euclidean models of dynamical triangulations cannot
be realized in the Lorentzian case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72537 </DOCNO>
Perturbative Quantum Field Theory in the String-Inspired Formalism


  We review the status and present range of applications of the
``string-inspired'' approach to perturbative quantum field theory. This
formalism offers the possibility of computing effective actions and S-matrix
elements in a way which is similar in spirit to string perturbation theory, and
bypasses much of the apparatus of standard second-quantized field theory. Its
development was initiated by Bern and Kosower, originally with the aim of
simplifying the calculation of scattering amplitudes in quantum chromodynamics
and quantum gravity. We give a short account of the original derivation of the
Bern-Kosower rules from string theory. Strassler's alternative approach in
terms of first-quantized particle path integrals is then used to generalize the
formalism to more general field theories, and, in the abelian case, also to
higher loop orders. A considerable number of sample calculations are presented
in detail, with an emphasis on quantum electrodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125374 </DOCNO>
Oxygen abundances in dwarf irregular galaxies and the metallicity -


  The low-luminosity dwarf irregular galaxies are considered. The oxygen
abundances in HII regions of dwarf irregular galaxies were recalculated from
published spectra through the recently suggested P - method. It has been found
that the metallicity of low-luminosity dwarf irregular galaxies, with a few
exceptions, correlates well with galaxy luminosity. The dispersion of oxygen
abundances around the metallicity - luminosity relationship increases with
decreasing of galaxy luminosity, as was found by Richer and McCall (1995). No
relationship between the oxygen abundance and the absolute magnitude in the
blue band for irregular galaxies obtained by Hidalgo-Gamez and Olofsson (1998)
can be explained by the large uncertainties in the oxygen abundances derived
through the Te - method, that in turn can be explained by the large
uncertainties in the measurements of the strengths of the weak oxygen line
[OIII]4363 used in the Te - method.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96427 </DOCNO>
Excellent nonlinear codes from modular curves


  We introduce a new construction of error-correcting codes from algebraic
curves over finite fields. Modular curves of genus g -> infty over a field of
size q0^2 yield nonlinear codes more efficient than the linear Goppa codes
obtained from the same curves. These new codes now have the highest asymptotic
transmission rates known for certain ranges of alphabet size and error rate.
Both the theory and possible practical use of these new record codes require
the development of new tools. On the theoretical side, establishing the
transmission rate depends on an error estimate for a theorem of Schanuel
applied to the function field of an asymptotically optimal curve. On the
computational side, actual use of the codes will hinge on the solution of new
problems in the computational algebraic geometry of curves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149204 </DOCNO>
The Stringy Quantum Hall Fluid


  Using branes in massive Type IIA string theory, and a novel decoupling limit,
we provide an explicit correspondence between non-commutative Chern-Simons
theory and the fractional quantum Hall fluid. The role of the electrons is
played by D-particles, the background magnetic field corresponds to a RR 2-form
flux, and the two-dimensional fluid is described by non-commutative D2-branes.
The filling fraction is given by the ratio of the number of D2-branes and the
number of D8-branes, and therefore by the ratio rank/level of the Chern-Simons
gauge theory. Quasiparticles and quasiholes are realized as endpoints of
fundamental strings on the D2-branes, and are found to possess fractional
D-particle charges and fractional statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5784 </DOCNO>
Probabilistic analysis of the phase space flow for linear programming


  The phase space flow of a dynamical system leading to the solution of Linear
Programming (LP) problems is explored as an example of complexity analysis in
an analog computation framework. An ensemble of LP problems with $n$ variables
and $m$ constraints ($n>m$), where all elements of the vectors and matrices are
normally distributed is studied. The convergence time of a flow to the fixed
point representing the optimal solution is computed. The cumulative
distribution ${\cal F}^{(n,m)}(\Delta)$ of the convergence rate $\Delta_{min}$
to this point is calculated analytically, in the asymptotic limit of large
$(n,m)$, in the framework of Random Matrix Theory. In this limit ${\cal
F}^{(n,m)}(\Delta)$ is found to be a scaling function, namely it is a function
of one variable that is a combination of $n$, $m$ and $\Delta$ rather then a
function of these three variables separately. From numerical simulations also
the distribution of the computation times is calculated and found to be a
scaling function as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96532 </DOCNO>
Irrationalite d'au moins un des neuf nombres


  We prove that there is at least one irrationnal among the nine numbers
zeta(5), zeta(7),..., zeta(21).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41268 </DOCNO>
Strong and Weak CP Violation in Technicolor


  I discuss vacuum alignment and CP violation in technicolor theories of
electroweak and flavor symmetry breaking. I review the surprising appearance of
rational phase solutions in the technifermion sector and propose a new solution
of the strong CP problem of quarks. I then discuss the sources of weak CP
violation, in both the CKM matrix and the suppressed extended technicolor and
topcolor--assisted technicolor interactions. It is easy to reproduce the
observed value of the neutral kaon CP-violating parameter epsilon from these
interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74481 </DOCNO>
What is inside the nucleon?


  We briefly review the structure of nucleon in the context of QCD, Constituent
Quark Model and Chiral Quark Model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86644 </DOCNO>
A note on wavemap-tensor cosmologies


  We examine theories of gravity which include finitely many coupled scalar
fields with arbitrary couplings to the curvature (wavemaps). We show that the
most general scalar-tensor $\sigma$-model action is conformally equivalent to
general relativity with a minimally coupled wavemap with a particular target
metric. Inflation on the source manifold is then shown to occur in a novel way
due to the combined effect of arbitrary curvature couplings and wavemap
self-interactions. A new interpretation of the conformal equivalence theorem
proved for such `wavemap-tensor' theories through brane-bulk dynamics is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148181 </DOCNO>
Hamiltonian Formulation of Open WZW Strings


  Using a Hamiltonian approach, we construct the classical and quantum theory
of open WZW strings on a strip. (These are the strings which end on WZW
branes.) The development involves non-abelian generalized Dirichlet images in
an essential way. At the classical level, we find a new non-commutative
geometry in which the equal-time coordinate brackets are non-zero at the
world-sheet boundary, and the result is an intrinsically non-abelian effect
which vanishes in the abelian limit. Using the classical theory as a guide to
the quantum theory, we also find the operator algebra and the analogue of the
Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations for the the conformal field theory of open WZW
strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86957 </DOCNO>
Local Time and the Unification of Physics Part I. Local Time


  The notions of time in the theories of Newton and Einstein are reviewed so
that the difficulty which impedes the unification of quantum mechanics (QM) and
general relativity (GR) is clarified. It is seen that GR by itself contains an
intrinsic difficulty relating to the definition of local clocks, as well as
that GR still requires a kind of absolute that can serve as an objective
reference standard. We present a new understanding of time, which gives a
consistent definition of a local time associated with each local system in a
quantum mechanical way, so that it serves the requirements of both GR as well
as QM. As a consequence, QM and GR are reconciled while preserving the current
mathematical formulations of both theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123338 </DOCNO>
High latitude Galactic dust emission in the BOOMERanG maps


  We present mm-wave observations obtained by the BOOMERanG experiment of
Galactic emission at intermediate and high (b < -20 deg) Galactic latitudes. We
find that this emission is well correlated with extrapolation of the IRAS-DIRBE
maps, and is spectrally consistent with thermal emission from interstellar dust
(ISD). The ISD brightness in the 410 GHz map has an angular power spectrum c_l
= A l^{-beta} with 2 < beta < 3. At 150 GHz and at multipoles ell \sim 200 the
angular power spectrum of the IRAS-correlated dust signal is estimated to be
l(l+1)c_l/2 pi = (3.7 \pm 2.9) uK^2. This is negligible with respect to the CMB
signal measured by the same experiment l(l+1)c_l/2 pi = (4700 \pm 540) uK^2.
For the uncorrelated dust signal we set an upper limit to the contribution to
the CMB power at 150GHz and l \sim 200 of l(l+1)c_l/2 pi < 3 uK^2 at 95% C.L. .

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168066 </DOCNO>
Decoherence of Atomic Gases in Largely Detuned Laser Fields


  We study theoretically the decoherence of a gas of bosonic atoms induced by
the interaction with a largely detuned laser beam. It is shown that for a
standing laser beam decoherence coincides with the single-particle result. For
a running laser beam many-particle effects lead to significant modifications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72387 </DOCNO>
The chicken or the egg; or Who ordered the chiral phase transition?


  We draw an analogy between the deconfining transition in the 2+1 dimensional
Georgi-Glashow model and the chiral phase transition in 3+1 dimensional QCD.
Based on the detailed analysis of the former (hep-th/0010201) we suggest that
the chiral symmetry restoration in QCD at high temperature is driven by the
thermal ensemble of baryons and anti-baryons. The chiral symmetry is restored
when roughly half of the volume is occupied by the baryons. Surprisingly
enough, even though baryons are rather heavy, a crude estimate for the critical
temperature gives $T_c=180$ Mev. In this scenario the binding of the instantons
is not the cause but rather a consequence of the chiral symmetry restoration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74739 </DOCNO>
Baryogenesis via Density Fluctuations with a Second Order Electroweak


  We consider the presence of small scale density fluctuations in the universe
at temperatures below the electroweak phase transition temperature. Such
density fluctuations can arise due to topological defects such as cosmic
strings, or due to inflation with the spectrum constrained by cosmic microwave
background radiation anisotropy measurements. Resulting temperature
fluctuations can restore the electroweak symmetry locally, depending on the
amplitude of fluctuations. The symmetry will be spontaneously broken again in a
given region as the fluctuation propagates as a plane wave (for wavelengths
smaller than the horizon), resulting in the production of baryon asymmetry. The
time scale of the transition will be governed by the wavelength of fluctuation
and, hence, can be much smaller than the Hubble time. This leads to strong
enhancement in the production of baryon asymmetry for a second order phase
transition as compared to the case when transition happens due to the universe
cooling via expansion. For a two-Higgs extension of the Standard Model with a
second order phase transition, we show that for density fluctuations arising
due to cosmic strings, one can get the required baryon to entropy ratio. For
the case of inflation, with a scale invariant spectrum of density fluctuations
with amplitude $\sim 10^{-4}$, baryon asymmetry generated is about two orders
of magnitude smaller, but may still give the required value with some
optimistic assumptions about the detailed dynamics of the phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96295 </DOCNO>
Diffeomorphisms, Isotopoies, and Braid Monodromy Factorizations of Plane


  We prove that there is an infinite sequence of pairs of plane cuspidal curves
$C_{m,1}$ and $C_{m,2}$, such that the pairs $(\Bbb CP^2, C_{m,1})$ and $(\Bbb
CP^2, C_{m,2})$ are diffeomorphic, but $C_{m,1}$ and $C_{m,2}$ have
non-equivalent braid monodromy factorizations. These curves give rise to the
negative solutions of "Dif=Def" and "Dif=Iso" problems for plane irreducible
cuspidal curves. In our examples, $C_{m,1}$ and $C_{m,2}$ are complex
conjugated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96999 </DOCNO>
Logic of Dynamics & Dynamics of Logic; Some Paradigm Examples


  This paper surveys some recent developments towards a dynamic quantum logic
and outlines its explicite construction -- some analogies and contrasts with
other logics of dynamics are indicated. Full Abstract: The development of
operational quantum logic points out that classical boolean structures are too
rigid to describe the actual and potential properties of quantum systems.
Operational quantum logic bears upon basic axioms which are motivated by
empirical facts and as such supports the dynamic shift from classical to
non-classical logic resulting into a dynamics of logic. On the other hand, a
dynamic extension of operational quantum logic allows us to express dynamic
reasoning in the sense that we can capture how actual properties propagate,
including their temporal causal structure. It is in this sense that passing
from static operational quantum logic to dynamic operational quantum logic
results in a true logic of dynamics that provides a unified logical description
of systems which evolve or which are submitted to measurements. While focusing
on the quantale semantics for dynamic operational quantum logic, we can analyze
the points of difference with the existing quantale semantics for
(non)-commutative linear logic. Linear logic is here to be conceived as a
resource-sensitive logic capable of dealing with actions or in other words, it
is a logic of dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4647 </DOCNO>
Improved Phenomenological Renormalization Schemes


  An analysis is made of various methods of phenomenological renormalization
based on finite-size scaling equations for inverse correlation lengths, the
singular part of the free energy density, and their derivatives. The analysis
is made using two-dimensional Ising and Potts lattices and the
three-dimensional Ising model. Variants of equations for the phenomenological
renormalization group are obtained which ensure more rapid convergence than the
conventionally used Nightingale phenomenological renormalization scheme. An
estimate is obtained for the critical finite-size scaling amplitude of the
internal energy in the three-dimensional Ising model. It is shown that the
two-dimensional Ising and Potts models contain no finite-size corrections to
the internal energy so that the positions of the critical points for these
models can be determined exactly from solutions for strips of finite width. It
is also found that for the two-dimensional Ising model the scaling finite-size
equation for the derivative of the inverse correlation length with respect to
temperature gives the exact value of the thermal critical exponent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6835 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Static Magnetism in the Vortex Cores of Ortho-II


  Evidence for static alternating magnetic fields in the vortex cores of
underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ is reported. Muon spin rotation measurements
of the internal magnetic field distribution of the vortex state of
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.50}$ in applied fields of $H = 1$ T and $H = 4$ T reveal a
feature in the high-field tail of the field distribution which is not present
in optimally doped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.95}$ and which fits well to a model with
static magnetic fields in the vortex cores. The magnitude of the fields is
estimated to be 18(2) G and decreases above $T = 10$ K. We discuss possible
origins of the additional vortex core magnetism within the context of existing
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148456 </DOCNO>
Quaternionic Lorentz group and Dirac equation


  We formulate Lorentz group representations in which ordinary complex numbers
are replaced by linear functions of real quaternions and introduce dotted and
undotted quaternionic one-dimensional spinors. To extend to parity the
space-time transformations, we combine these one-dimensional spinors into
bi-dimensional column vectors. From the transformation properties of the
two-component spinors, we derive a quaternionic chiral representation for the
space-time algebra. Finally, we obtain a quaternionic bi-dimensional version of
the Dirac equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169298 </DOCNO>
Non-maximal rank separable states are a set of measure 0 within the set


  This paper is being withdrawn due to an error in the proof. Hao Chen has
shown the author in the two qubit case that there is an open set of three
dimensional subspaces that are spanned by separable states. This means the
author's proof is in error. The problem is that homogeneity cannot be used and
so the Jacobian needs to be computed at all points

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124093 </DOCNO>
Stellar luminosity functions of rich star clusters in the Large


  We show the results of deep V and I HST photometry of 6 rich star clusters in
the Large Magellanic Cloud with different ages and metallicities. The number of
stars with measured magnitudes in each cluster varies from about 3000 to 10000.
We build stellar density and surface brightness profiles for the clusters and
extract half-light radii and other structural parameters for each. We also
obtain luminosity functions, Phi (Mv), down to Mv ~ 6 (m/msun > 0.6), and
investigate their dependence with distance from the cluster centre well beyond
their half-light radius. In all clusters we find a systematic increase in the
luminosity function slope with radial distance from the centre. Among the
clusters displaying significant mass segregation are the two youngest in the
sample: NGC 1805 and NGC 1818. For these two clusters we obtain present-day
mass functions. The NGC 1818 mass function is in excellent agreement with that
derived by other authors, also using HST data. They young cluster mass function
slopes differ, that of NCG 1805 being systematically steeper than NGC 1818.
Since these are very young stellar systems (age < 40 Myrs), these variations
may reflect the initial conditions rather than evolution due to internal
dynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41683 </DOCNO>
Perturbative QCD and Regge theory: closing the circle


  We explain how Regge theory and perturbative evolution may be made compatible
at small x. The result not only gives striking support to the two-pomeron
description of small-x behaviour, but gives a rather clean test of perturbative
QCD itself. When x is very small, or Q^2 is very large, the proton's gluon
distribution function is significantly larger than is commonly believed.
Perturbative evolution is invalid below Q^2\approx 5 GeV^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85876 </DOCNO>
Bertotti-Robinson type solutions to Dilaton-Axion Gravity


  We present a new solution to dilaton-axion gravity which looks like a
rotating Bertotti-Robinson (BR) Universe. It is supported by an homogeneous
Maxwell field and a linear axion and can be obtained as a near-horizon limit of
extremal rotating dilaton-axion black holes. It has the isometry $SL(2,R)\times
U(1)$ where U(1) is the remnant of the SO(3) symmetry of BR broken by rotation,
while $SL(2,R)$ corresponds to the $AdS_2$ sector which no longer factors out
of the full spacetime. Alternatively our solution can be obtained from the D=5
vacuum counterpart to the dyonic BR with equal electric and magnetic field
strengths. The derivation amounts to smearing it in D=6 and then reducing to
D=4 with dualization of one Kaluza-Klein two-form in D=5 to produce an axion.
Using a similar dualization procedure, the rotating BR solution is uplifted to
D=11 supergravity. We show that it breaks all supersymmetries of N=4
supergravity in D=4, and that its higher dimensional embeddings are not
supersymmetric either. But, hopefully it may provide a new arena for corformal
mechanics and holography. Applying a complex coordinate transformation we also
derive a BR solution endowed with a NUT parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126371 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Cherenkov light spectrum and of the polarization with


  The HEGRA system of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detects
Cherenkov light produced by air showers. The concept of stereoscopic
observation with the five HEGRA telescopes allows the reconstruction of various
shower parameters, for example the shower direction, the location of the shower
core and the energy of cosmic rays. One of the telescopes was modified so that
measurements of the spectrum and the polarization of Cherenkov light with the
HEGRA system were possible. The experimental setup is described and preliminary
results presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124663 </DOCNO>
A molecular-line study of clumps with embedded high-mass protostar


  We present molecular line observations made with the IRAM 30-m telescope of
the immediate surroundings of a sample of 11 candidate high-mass protostars.
These observations are part of an effort to clarify the evolutionary status of
a set of objects which we consider to be precursors of UC HII regions. We find
that the present data are consistent with such an interpretation. The sources
have FIR luminosities indicating the presence of B2.5 to O8.5V0 stars, are
associated with dense gas and dust, have (sub-)mm continuum spectra indicating
temperatures of ca. 30K, and have no detectable radio continuum emission. All
observed sources are associated with well-defined molecular clumps. Masses,
sizes, and other parameters depend on the tracer used, but typically the cores
have average diameters of ca. 0.5-1 pc, and masses of a few tens to a few
thousand solar masses. Compared to a similar analysis of sources which are
mostly identifyable with UC HII regions, the present sample has molecular
clumps that are more massive, larger, cooler, and less turbulent. They also
tend to have a smaller ratio of virial-to-luminous mass, indicating they are
less dynamically stable than their counterparts embedded in the UC HII-like
sources. The large sizes suggest these clumps should still undergo substantial
contraction. The lower temperatures and small linewidths are also expected in
objects in an earlier evolutionary state. We find that the masses of the
molecular clumps associated with our objects increase with Lfir [M(clump)
propto Lfir^(1.17)], and that there is a (weak) relation between the clump mass
and the mass of the embedded protostellar object M(proto) propto
M(clump)^(0.30).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76237 </DOCNO>
Probing Gluons in Nuclei: the Case of $\eta'$


  Using the recently proposed $gg --> eta'$ effective vertex, we investigate
the production of $\eta'$ from gluon fusion in $pA$ collisions. We show that
measuring $\eta'$ production cross-section at moderate $x_{\eta'}$ yields
direct information on the small $x$ gluon distribution function of the nucleus.
At RHIC, the smallest accessible $x$ turns out to be $O(10^{-5})$ and at LHC,
it is $O(10^{-8})$. Therefore, $\eta'$ is an excellent probe of the Color Glass
Condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 401 </DOCNO>
The bifurcation diagrams for the Ginzburg-Landau system for


  In this paper, we provide the different types of bifurcation diagrams for a
superconducting cylinder placed in a magnetic field along the direction of the
axis of the cylinder. The computation is based on the numerical solutions of
the
 Ginzburg-Landau model by the finite element method. The response of the
material depends on the values of the exterior field, the Ginzburg-Landau
parameter and the size of the domain.
 The solution branches in the different regions of the bifurcation diagrams are
analyzed and open mathematical problems are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6479 </DOCNO>
Time - dependent Ginzburg - Landau approach and application to


  A time dependent generalization of the Ginzburg -Landau Lagrangian is
proposed. It contains two terms determining the time dependence and the four
arbitrary scalar functions. Relevant equations, which coincide with equations
following from the suitable Hamiltonian, are derived by a standard variational
technique. These equations determine the energy conservation law and admit
twofold time dependence which leads either to first or to second order time
derivatives in Ginzburg - Landau equations. By introducing the gauge invariant
potentials and choosing the gauge which differs slightly from the classical
Lorentz one, the theory simplifies significantly. The results gained are
discussed and compared to some earlier propositions. The presented approach,
when reduced to a static one, is found to be in perfect agreement with that
reported recently by the Kol\'{a}\v{c}ek group. This indicates indirectly, that
the equation with the first order time derivative seems to be more justified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124579 </DOCNO>
Horizontal Branch Models as a Test of Mixing on the RGB


  We discuss the impact of mixing and rotation along the red-giant branch (RGB)
on the properties of horizontal-branch (HB) stars with emphasis on two
problems: the nature of the unexpected blue HB population in the metal-rich
globular clusters (GCs) NGC 6388 and NGC 6441 and the cause of the low
gravities in the blue HB stars. New stellar models indicate that the sloped HBs
in NGC 6388 and NGC 6441 might arise from a spread in metallicity, implying
that these GCs may be metal-rich analogues of omega Cen. The low gravity
problem can be largely explained by the radiative levitation of Fe in the
atmospheres of the blue HB stars. We show that the onset of radiative
levitation and the drop in HB rotation velocities at Teff ~ 11,000 K coincide
with the disappearance of surface convection. The low rotation velocities of
the hotter HB stars may be due to the spin down of the surface layers by a weak
stellar wind induced by the radiative levitation of Fe. We conclude that the
impact of mixing and rotation on the HB remains to be clearly established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72698 </DOCNO>
J/\psi production through resolved photon processes at e+ e- colliders


  We consider J/psi photoproduction in e+ e- as well as linear photon
colliders. We find that the process is dominated by the resolved photon
channel. Both the once-resolved and twice-resolved cross-sections are sensitive
to (different combinations of) the colour octet matrix elements. Hence, this
may be a good testing ground for colour octet contributions in NRQCD. On the
other hand, the once-resolved J/psi production cross-section, particularly in a
linear photon collider, is sensitive to the gluon content of the photon. Hence
these cross-sections can be used to determine the parton distribution
functions, especially the gluon distribution, in a photon, if the colour octet
matrix elements are known.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179205 </DOCNO>
Plasma production and thermalisation in a strong field


  Aspects of the formation and equilibration of a quark-gluon plasma are
explored using a quantum kinetic equation, which involves a non-Markovian,
Abelian source term for quark and antiquark production and, for the collision
term, a relaxation time approximation that defines a time-dependent
quasi-equilibrium temperature and collective velocity. The strong Abelian field
is determined via the simultaneous solution of Maxwell's equation. A particular
feature of this approach is the appearance of plasma oscillations in all
thermodynamic observables. Their presence can lead to a sharp increase in the
time-integrated dilepton yield.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97301 </DOCNO>
Classes of wiring diagrams and their invariants


  Wiring diagrams usually serve as a tool in the study of arrangements of lines
and pseudolines. In this paper we go in the opposite direction, using known
properties of line arrangements to motivate certain equivalence relations and
actions on sets of wiring diagrams, which preserve the incidence lattice and
the fundamental groups of the affine and projective complements of the
diagrams. These actions are used in [GTV] to classify real arrangements of up
to 8 lines and show that in this case, the incidence lattice determines both
the affine and the projective fundamental groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2745 </DOCNO>
Probing the ladder spectrum arising from motion in a 2-D lattice driven


  The coherent interband dynamics of optically excited two-dimensional lateral
surface superlattices driven by an in-plane static electric field has been
investigated. The linear absorption, the spectrally-resolved pump-probe
four-wave mixing signals and spatial coherent wavepacket evolution in the
time-domain are obtained. When the rational condition $E_x/E_y=p/q$, with $p,q$
prime to each other, is fullfilled, it is found that $p$ peaks appear within
the frequency interval $\omega_{Bx}=eE_xa/\hbar$ in both linear absorption and
degenerate four-wave mixing signals. The coherent time evolution of the
electron-hole pair wavepacket is that of a breathing mode, with the period
$2\pi p/\omega_{Bx}$, These findings are consistent with the recent spectral
results (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86}, 3116), hence providing a method for probing
the coherent dynamics of quantum particles in 2D lattices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113550 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of hot dense H-plasmas: Path integral Monte Carlo


  This work is devoted to the thermodynamics of high-temperature dense hydrogen
plasmas in the pressure region between $10^{-1}$ and $10^2$ Mbar. In particular
we present for this region results of extensive calculations based on a
recently developed path integral Monte Carlo scheme (direct PIMC). This method
allows for a correct treatment of the thermodynamic properties of hot dense
Coulomb systems. Calculations were performed in a broad region of the
nonideality parameter $\Gamma \lesssim 3$ and degeneracy parameter $n_e
\Lambda^3 \lesssim 10$. We give a comparison with a few available results from
other path integral calculations (restricted PIMC) and with analytical
calculations based on Pade approximations for strongly ionized plasmas. Good
agreement between the results obtained from the three independent methods is
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 59 </DOCNO>
Thermal Transport through a Mesoscopic Weak Link


  We calculate the rate of energy flow between two macroscopic bodies, each in
thermodynamic equilibrium at a different temperature, and joined by a weak
mechanical link. The macroscopic solids are assumed to be electrically
insulating, so that thermal energy is carried only by phonons. To leading order
in the strength of the weak link, modeled here by a harmonic spring, the
thermal current is determined by a product of the local vibrational
density-of-states of the two bodies at the points of connection. Our general
expression for the thermal current can be regarded as a thermal analog of the
well-known formula for the electrical current through a resistive barrier. It
is also related to the thermal Landauer formula in the weak-tunneling limit.
Implications for heat transport experiments on dielectric quantum
point-contacts are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99213 </DOCNO>
Contact Structures on elliptic 3-manifolds


  We show that an oriented elliptic 3-manifold admits a universally tight
positive contact structure iff the corresponding group of deck transformations
on $S^3$ preserves a standard contact structure pointwise.
  We also relate univerally tight contact structures on 3-manifolds covered by
$S^3$ to the exceptional isomorphism $SO(4)=(SU(2)\times SU(2))/{\pm 1}$.
  The main tool used is equivariant framings of 3-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1657 </DOCNO>
Breathers in Josephson junction ladders: resonances and electromagnetic


  We present a theoretical study of the resonant interaction between dynamical
localized states (discrete breathers) and linear electromagnetic excitations
(EEs) in Josephson junction ladders. By making use of direct numerical
simulations we find that such an interaction manifests itself by resonant steps
and various sharp switchings (voltage jumps) in the current-voltage
characteristics. Moreover, the power of ac oscillations away from the breather
center (the breather tail) displays singularities as the externally applied dc
bias decreases. All these features can be mapped to the spectrum of EEs that
has been derived analytically and numerically. Using an improved analysis of
the breather tail, a spectroscopy of the EEs is developed. The nature of
breather instability driven by localized EEs is established.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98214 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Topological Aspects of Theoretical Physics


  This series of lectures is planned as a generalization of author's large
(more than fifteen years) experience of work in the theoretical physics. The
modern theoretical physics is based on the group-theoretical approach which
generates the formalism of the principal fibre bundles and the instanton
approach. The latter is based on the Pontrjagin's degree of map theorem and
this theorem is the original ``bridge'' between homology and cohomology
theories. The author plans to devote his two first lectures to fibre bundle
theory: this is the foundation on which the modern physics rests -- the theory
of gauge groups and the Yang-Mills fields. The idea of connection and curvature
(first of all for the principal fibre bundles) will be given also. The lectures
are devoted to the Pontrjagin's degree of map theorem, to the theories of
monopoles and instantons, to the theory of the topological index of the
elliptical operator. The information accumulated to this moment allows us to
apply these theories to some questions of conformal anomalies and to the
topological aspects of QCD. More comprehensive questions of modern topology
(for example the algebraic (co)homology theories, the theory of the spectral
sequences) will be expounded in the further lectures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1020 </DOCNO>
Disorder and superconductivity : a new phase of bi-particle localized


  We study the two-dimensional, disordered, attractive Hubbard model by the
projector quantum Monte Carlo method and Bogoliubov - de Gennes mean-field
theory. Our results for the ground state show the appearance of a new phase
with charge localization in the metallic regime of the non-interacting model.
Contrary to the common lore, we demonstrate that mean-field theory fails to
predict this phase and is unable to describe the correct physical picture in
this regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127232 </DOCNO>
Mapping Metal-Enriched High Velocity Clouds to Very Low HI Column


  Our galaxy is the nearest known quasar absorption line system, and it
uniquely provides us with an opportunity to probe multiple lines of sight
through the same galaxy. This is essential for our interpretations of the
complex kinematic profiles seen in the MgII absorption due to lines of sight
through intermediate redshift galaxies. The Milky Way halo has never been
probed for high velocity clouds below the 21-cm detection threshold of
N(HI)~10^18 cm-2. Through a survey of MgII absorption looking toward the
brightest AGNs and quasars, it will be possible to reach down a few orders of
magnitude in HI column density. The analogs to the high velocity components of
the MgII absorption profiles due to intermediate redshift galaxies should be
seen. We describe a program we are undertaking, and present some preliminary
findings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74076 </DOCNO>
Universal Extra Dimensions and b -> s gamma


  We analyze the effect of flat universal extra dimensions (i.e., extra
dimensions accessible to all SM fields) on the process b -> s gamma. With one
Higgs doublet, the dominant contribution at one-loop is from Kaluza-Klein (KK)
states of the charged would-be-Goldstone boson (WGB) and of the top quark. The
resulting constraint on the size of the extra dimension is comparable to the
constraint from T parameter. In two-Higgs doublet model II, the contribution of
zero-mode and KK states of physical charged Higgs can cancel the contribution
from WGB KK states. Therefore, in this model, there is no constraint on the
size of the extra dimensions from the process b -> s gamma and also the
constraint on the mass of the charged Higgs from this process is weakened
compared to 4D. In two Higgs doublet model I, the contribution of the zero-mode
and KK states of physical charged Higgs and that of the KK states of WGB are of
the same sign. Thus, in this model and for small tan beta, the constraint on
the size of the extra dimensions is stronger than in one Higgs doublet model
and also the constraint on the mass of the charged Higgs is stronger than in
4D.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7586 </DOCNO>
Large-scale topological and dynamical properties of Internet


  We study the large-scale topological and dynamical properties of real
Internet maps at the autonomous system level, collected in a three years time
interval. We find that the connectivity structure of the Internet presents
average quantities and statistical distributions settled in a well-defined
stationary state. The large-scale properties are characterized by a scale-free
topology consistent with previous observations. Correlation functions and
clustering coefficients exhibit a remarkable structure due to the underlying
hierarchical organization of the Internet. The study of the Internet time
evolution shows a growth dynamics with aging features typical of recently
proposed growing network models. We compare the properties of growing network
models with the present real Internet data analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74950 </DOCNO>
Quenched QCD at finite temperature with chiral Fermions


  We study physics at temperatures just above the QCD phase transition (Tc)
using chiral (overlap) Fermions in the quenched approximation of lattice QCD.
Exact zero modes of the overlap Dirac operator are localized and their
frequency of occurrence drops with temperature. This is closely related to
axial U(1) symmetry, which remains broken up to 2Tc. After subtracting the
effects of these zero modes, chiral symmetry is restored, as indicated by the
behavior of the chiral condensate. The pseudoscalar and vector screening masses
are close to ideal gas values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7490 </DOCNO>
The Enhanced Sensitivity of the Transmission Phase of a Quantum Dot to


  The strong sensitivity of the transmission phase through a quantum dot
embedded into one arm of a two-wave Aharonov-Bohm interferometer to the Kondo
effect is explained. The enhancement takes place because of the buildup of the
exchange scattering on the dot due to Kondo correlations even much above
$T_{K}$. The enhanced exchange competes with the potential scattering, which is
always weak. Both cases of the Anderson impurity model and a multilevel quantum
dot are considered. This allows an explanation of many of the observed features
of the peculiar phase behavior, as well as the arrangement of Kondo valleys vs
non-Kondo ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2717 </DOCNO>
Effects of annealing time on defect-controlled ferromagnetism in


  We have studied the evolution of the magnetic, electronic, and structural
properties of annealed epilayers of Ga1-xMnxAs grown by low temperature
molecular beam epitaxy. Annealing at the optimal temperature of 250 C for less
than 2 hours significantly enhances the conductivity and ferromagnetism, but
continuing the annealing for longer times suppresses both. These data indicate
that such annealing induces the defects in Ga1-xMnxAs to evolve through at
least two different processes, and they point to a complex interplay between
the different defects and ferromagnetism in this material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74260 </DOCNO>
Quintessence, Cosmological Horizons, and Self-Tuning


  We point out that quintessence with an exponential potential V_0 exp(- beta
phi / 3^{1/2} M_p) can account for the present observed acceleration of the
universe, without necessarily leading to eternal acceleration. This occurs for
2.4 < beta < 2.8. Thus a cosmological horizon, which is supposed to be
problematic within the context of string theory, can be avoided. We argue that
this class of models is not particularly fine-tuned. We further examine this
question in the context of a modified Friedmann equation, H^2 ~ rho + p, which
is suggested by higher dimensional self-tuning approaches to the cosmological
constant problem. It is shown that the self-tuning case can also be consistent
with observations, if 1.8 < beta < 2.4. Future observations of high-z
supernovae will be able to test whether beta lies in the desired range.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123633 </DOCNO>
Detection of magnetic dipole lines of Fe XII in the ultraviolet spectrum


  We report observations of the dwarf star Epsilon Eri (K2 V) made with the
Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope
(HST). The high sensitivity of the STIS instrument has allowed us to detect the
magnetic dipole transitions of Fe XII at 1242.00A and 1349.38A for the first
time in a star other than the Sun. The width of the stronger line at 1242.00A
has also been measured; such measurements are not possible for the permitted
lines of Fe XII in the extreme ultraviolet. To within the accurcy of the
measurements, the N V and the Fe XII lines occur at their rest wavelengths.
Electron densities and line widths have been measured from other transition
region lines. Together, these can be used to investigate the non-thermal energy
flux in the lower and upper transition region, which is useful in constraining
possible heating processes. The Fe XII lines are also present in archival STIS
spectra of other G/K-type dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123930 </DOCNO>
The Variability of R,N,C Stars from HIPPARCOS and AAVSO Data


  Accurate photometry was obtained for all programme stars during the 3.3-year
HIPPARCOS mission. The final observing programme included several hundred Mirae
(M), semiregular (SR) long-period and irregular (L) variables. A detailed
calibration of the aging of the optics allowed the evaluation of very precise
magnitudes over the whole range of star colours.
  Since the time coverage of the satellite observations was not sufficient to
describe the behaviour of M, SR, or L type variables, smooth curves were fitted
statistically to the dense AAVSO observations. These curves were then
transformed to the HIPPARCOS system in order to complement the HIPPARCOS
photometry and thus produce precise light curves with fuller time coverage, for
a set of several hundred late-type variables, including most Carbon stars
brighter than V = 12.4 at minimum luminosity.
  A preliminary discussion of the behaviour of C stars, as observed from the
space in the broad Hp band, is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74657 </DOCNO>
Probing an extended region of Delta m^2 with rapidly oscillating 7Be


  If 7Be solar neutrinos can be observed in real time experiments, then an
extended region of Delta m^2 can be probed by a proper analysis of the rapidly
changing phase of vacuum oscillations due to the eccentricity of the earth's
orbit about the sun. For the case of maximal vacuum mixing, a kind of Fourier
analysis of expected data for one year's time could uniquely pick out Delta m^2
if it lies in the region ~10^{-10} - 6 X 10^{-9} (eV)^2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75473 </DOCNO>
Meson-meson scattering within one loop Chiral Perturbation Theory and


  We present the complete one-loop calculation of all the two meson scattering
amplitudes within the framework of SU(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory, which
includes pions, kaons and the eta. In addition, we have unitarized these
amplitudes with the coupled channel Inverse Amplitude Method, which ensures
simultaneously the good low energy properties of Chiral Perturbation Theory and
unitarity. We show how this method provides a remarkable description of
meson-meson scattering data up to 1.2 GeV including the scattering lengths and
the generation of seven light resonances, which is consistent with previous
determination of the chiral parameters. Particular attention is paid to discuss
the differences and similarities of this work with previous analysis in the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148697 </DOCNO>
Permutation orbifolds and their applications


  The theory of permutation orbifolds is reviewed and applied to the study of
symmetric product orbifolds and the congruence subgroup problem. The issue of
discrete torsion, the combinatorics of symmetric products, the Galois action
and questions related to the classification of RCFTs are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1503 </DOCNO>
The supersymmetric technique for random-matrix ensembles with zero


  The supersymmetric technique is applied to computing the average spectral
density near zero energy in the large-N limit of the random-matrix ensembles
with zero eigenvalues: B, DIII-odd, and the chiral ensembles (classes AIII,
BDI, and CII). The supersymmetric calculations reproduce the existing results
obtained by other methods. The effect of zero eigenvalues may be interpreted as
reducing the symmetry of the zero-energy supersymmetric action by breaking a
certain abelian symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7020 </DOCNO>
Critical behavior of the two-dimensional N-component Landau-Ginzburg


  We study the two-dimensional N-component Landau-Ginzburg Hamiltonian with
cubic anisotropy. We compute and analyze the fixed-dimension perturbative
expansion of the renormalization-group functions to four loops. The relations
of these models with N-color Ashkin-Teller models, discrete cubic models,
planar model with fourth order anisotropy, and structural phase transition in
adsorbed monolayers are discussed. Our results for N=2 (XY model with cubic
anisotropy) are compatible with the existence of a line of fixed points joining
the Ising and the O(2) fixed points. Along this line the exponent $\eta$ has
the constant value 1/4, while the exponent $\nu$ runs in a continuous and
monotonic way from 1 to $\infty$ (from Ising to O(2)). For N\geq 3 we find a
cubic fixed point in the region $u, v \geq 0$, which is marginally stable or
unstable according to the sign of the perturbation. For the physical relevant
case of N=3 we find the exponents $\eta=0.17(8)$ and $\nu=1.3(3)$ at the cubic
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5446 </DOCNO>
Dynamical mean-field theory for the normal phase of the attractive


  We analyze the normal phase of the attractive Hubbard model within dynamical
mean-field-theory. We present results for the pair-density, the
spin-susceptibility, the specific heat, the momentum distribution, and for the
quasiparticle weight. At weak coupling the low-temperature behavior of all
quantities is consistent with Fermi liquid theory. At strong coupling all
electrons are bound pairs, which leads to a spin gap and removes fermionic
quasi-particle excitations. The transition between the Fermi liquid phase and
the pair phase takes place at a critical coupling of the order of the
band-width and is generally discontinuous at sufficiently low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95517 </DOCNO>
Higher genus curves on toric varieties


  Given a smooth and projective curve C and a smooth and projective toric
variety X, we first describe a compactification of the space of morphisms from
C to X representing a fixed homology class, and after we study the intersection
theory on this variety.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124639 </DOCNO>
The Probability Distribution Function of Column Density in Molecular


  (Abridged) We discuss the probability distribution function (PDF) of column
density resulting from density fields with lognormal PDFs, applicable to
isothermal gas (e.g., probably molecular clouds). We suggest that a
``decorrelation length'' can be defined as the distance over which the density
auto-correlation function has decayed to, for example, 10% of its zero-lag
value, so that the density ``events'' along a line of sight can be assumed to
be independent over distances larger than this, and the Central Limit Theorem
should be applicable. However, using random realizations of lognormal fields,
we show that the convergence to a Gaussian is extremely slow in the high-
density tail. Thus, the column density PDF is not expected to exhibit a unique
functional shape, but to transit instead from a lognormal to a Gaussian form as
the ratio $\eta$ of the column length to the decorrelation length increases.
Simultaneously, the PDF's variance decreases. For intermediate values of
$\eta$, the column density PDF assumes a nearly exponential decay. We then
discuss the density power spectrum and the expected value of $\eta$ in actual
molecular clouds. Observationally, our results suggest that $\eta$ may be
inferred from the shape and width of the column density PDF in
optically-thin-line or extinction studies. Our results should also hold for gas
with finite-extent power-law underlying density PDFs, which should be
characteristic of the diffuse, non-isothermal neutral medium (temperatures
ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand degrees). Finally, we note that
for $\eta \gtrsim 100$, the dynamic range in column density is small
($\lesssim$ a factor of 10), but this is only an averaging effect, with no
implication on the dynamic range of the underlying density distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74135 </DOCNO>
Adiabatic and isocurvature fluctuations of Affleck-Dine field in D-term


  We reconsider fluctuations of Affleck-Dine (AD) field in a D-term inflation
model. Contrary to the previous analysis, we find that the spectrum of the
adiabatic fluctuations is almost scale invariant even if the AD field has a
large initial value. Furthermore, we study the isocurvature fluctuations of the
AD field and estimate the ratio of the isocurvature to adiabatic power
spectrum. The dynamics of the inflaton and AD fields sets the upper bound for
the value of the AD field, leading to a lower limit for isocurvature
perturbation. It is shown that the recent Cosmic Microwave Background data give
a constraint on the D-term inflation and the AD field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126713 </DOCNO>
Deep Radio, Optical, and Infrared Observations of SGR 1900+14


  We present HST/STIS, Keck J- and K_s-band, and VLA 332-MHz and 1400-MHz
images of the region around the Soft Gamma-ray Repeater SGR 1900+14. No
non-stellar sources were detected at the position of SGR 1900+14, giving
3-sigma limits of S_{332 MHz} < 6 mJy, S_{1.4 GHz} < 1.5 mJy, m_{50CCD} > 29.0
mag, J > 22.8 mag, K_s > 20.8 mag (point sources), and S_{332 MHz} < 6.1 mJy
arcmin^{-2}, S_{1.4 GHz} < 6.2 mJy arcmin^{-2} (extended emission). Given the
very high extinction, the STIS and J-band non-detections are not constraining,
but the K_s-band limit rules out basic accretion disk models for SGR 1900+14,
and is almost comparable in depth to the K_s-band detection for the anomalous
X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61. Finally, we report the detection in this field of
three new candidate supernova remnants, SNRs G043.5+00.6, G042.0-00.1, and
G041.5+00.4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96389 </DOCNO>
Maximal averages over flat radial hypersurfaces


  We prove nearly sharp Orlicz space estimates for maximal averages over flat
radial hypersurfaces in ${\Bbb R}^d$, $d \ge 3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83925 </DOCNO>
Proceedings of the 6th Annual Workshop of the ERCIM Working Group on


  Homepage of the workshop proceedings, with links to all individually archived
papers

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1111 </DOCNO>
Magneto-exciton in planar type II quantum dots


  We study an exciton in a type II quantum dot, where the electron is confined
in the dot, but the hole is located in the barrier material. The exciton
properties are studied as a function of a perpendicular magnetic field using a
Hartree-fock mesh calculation. Our model system consists of a planar quantum
disk. Angular momentum (l) transitions are predicted with increasing magnetic
field. We also study the transition from a type I to a type II quantum dot
which is induced by changing the confinement potential of the hole. For
sufficiently large magnetic fields a re-entrant behaviour is found from
$l_{h}=0$ to $l_{h}\neq 0$ and back to $l_{h}=0$, which results in a transition
from type II to type I.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124615 </DOCNO>
Atomic T Tauri disk winds heated by ambipolar diffusion


  We summarize results on the thermal and ionization structure of self-similar,
magnetically-driven, atomic disk winds heated by ambipolar diffusion. We
improve upon earlier work by Safier by considering (1) new MHD solutions
consistent with underlying cold keplerian disk equilibrium, (2) a more accurate
treatment of the micro-physics, and (3) predictions for spatially resolved
forbidden line emission (maps, long-slit spectra). The temperature plateau
$\simeq 10^4$ K found earlier is recovered, but ionization fractions are
revised downward by a factor of 10, due to previous omission of thermal speeds
in ion-neutral momentum-exchange rates. The physical origin of the temperature
plateau is outlined. Predictions are then compared with T~Tauri star
observations, with emphasis on the necessity of suitable beam convolution. Jet
widths and variations in line profiles with distance and line tracer are well
reproduced. However, predicted maximum velocities are too high, total densities
too low, and the low-velocity [OI] component is too weak. Denser, slower MHD
winds from warm disks might resolve these discrepancies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4336 </DOCNO>
Irreversible nucleation in multilayer growth


  The epitaxial growth process of a high symmetry surface occurs because
adatoms meet and nucleate new islands, that eventually coalesce and complete
atomic layers. During multilayer growth, nucleation usually takes place on top
of terraces where the geometry of the diffusion process is well defined: We
have studied in detail the spatiotemporal distribution of nucleation events and
the resulting nucleation rate, a quantity of primary importance to model
experimental results and evaluate diffusion barriers at step-edges. We provide
rigorous results for irreversible nucleation and we assess the limits of
mean-field theory (MFT): we show that MFT overestimates the correct result by a
factor proportional to the number of times an adatom diffusing on the terrace
visits an already visited lattice site. In this report we aim at giving a
simple physical account of our results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95645 </DOCNO>
Explicit criteria for several types of ergodicity


  The explicit criteria for several types of ergodicity of one-dimensional
diffusions or birth-death processes have been found out recently in a
surprisingly short period. One of the criteria is for exponential ergodicity of
birth-death processes. This problem has been opened for a long time in the
study of Markov chains. The survey article explains in details the idea which
leads to solve the problem just mentioned. It is interesting that the problem
is connected with several branches of mathematics. Some open problems for the
further study are also proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97918 </DOCNO>
Shimura Varieties and the Mumford-Tate conjecture, part I


  We prove the Mumford-Tate conjecture for those abelian varieties over number
fields, whose simple factors of their adjoint Mumford-Tate groups have over
$\dbR$ certain (products of) non-compact factors. In particular, we prove this
conjecture for the orthogonal case ($B_n$ and $D_n^{\dbR}$ Shimura types). We
construct embeddings of Shimura varieties of (whose adjoints are of prescribed
abelian type) into unitary Shimura varieties. We also prove two general
theorems involving Frobenius tori of abelian varieties over number fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168132 </DOCNO>
Design of an RSFQ Control Circuit to Observe MQC on an rf-SQUID


  We believe that the best chance to observe macroscopic quantum coherence
(MQC) in a rf-SQUID qubit is to use on-chip RSFQ digital circuits for
preparing, evolving and reading out the qubit's quantum state. This approach
allows experiments to be conducted on a very short time scale (sub-nanosecond)
without the use of large bandwidth control lines that would couple
environmental degrees of freedom to the qubit thus contributing to its
decoherence. In this paper we present our design of a RSFQ digital control
circuit for demonstrating MQC in a rf-SQUID. We assess some of the key
practical issues in the circuit design including the achievement of the
necessary flux bias stability. We present an "active" isolation structure to be
used to increase coherence times. The structure decouples the SQUID from
external degrees of freedom, and then couples it to the output measurement
circuitry when required, all under the active control of RSFQ circuits.
Research supported in part by ARO grant # DAAG55-98-1-0367.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40917 </DOCNO>
The Logarithmic Slope in Diffractive DIS


  The logarithmic slope of diffractive structure function is a potential
observable to separate the hard and soft contributions in diffraction, allowing
to disentangle the QCD dynamics. In this paper we extend our previous analyzes
and calculate the diffractive logarithmic slope for three current approaches in
the literature: (i) the Bartels-Wusthoff model, based on perturbative QCD, (ii)
the CKMT model, based on Regge theory and (iii) the Golec Biernat - Wusthoff
model which assumes that the saturation phenomena is present in the HERA
kinematic region. We analyze the transition region of small to large momentum
transfer and verify that future experimental results on the diffractive
logarithmic slope could discriminate between these approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129532 </DOCNO>
XMM-Newton observations of MSH 14-63 (RCW 86)


  We present an analysis of the X-ray emission of the supernova remnant
MSH14-63, which was partially covered by three observations with XMM-Newton.
The detection of Fe K emission at 6.4 keV, and the lack of spatial correlation
between hard X-ray and radio emission is evidence against a dominant X-ray
synchrotron component. We argue that the hard X-ray continuum is best explained
by non-thermal bremsstrahlung from a supra-thermal tail to an otherwise cool
electron gas. The existence of low electron temperatures is supported by low
temperatures found in other parts of the remnant, which are as low as 0.2 keV
in some regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150031 </DOCNO>
The Role of Initial Conditions in Presence of Extra Dimensions


  Quantum field theory in 4+1 dimensional bulk space with boundary,
representing a 3-brane, is considered. We study the impact of the initial
conditions in the bulk on the field dynamics on the brane. We demonstrate that
these conditions determine the Kaluza-Klein measure. We also establish the
existence of a rich family of quantum fields on the brane, generated by the
same bulk action, but corresponding to different initial conditions. A simple
classification of these fields is proposed and it is shown that some of them
lead to ultraviolet finite theories, which have some common features with
strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124463 </DOCNO>
Cusped Mass Models Of Gravitational Lenses


  Recent observations of galaxy luminosity profiles and dark matter simulations
find luminosity and mass distributions characterized by central cusps rather
than finite core radii. We introduce and implement a set of cusped ellipsoidal
lens models which include limits similar to the Jaffe, Hernquist, \eta and NFW
models and apply them to the gravitational lenses APM 08279+5255 and B
1933+503. A successful model of APM 08279+5255 with its central, odd image
requires a very shallow cusp, $\gamma \ltorder 0.4$ where $\rho \propto
r^{-\gamma}$ as $r\to 0$, which is similar to a core rather than the favored $1
\ltorder \gamma \ltorder 2$ cusps. B~1933+503, by contrast, is well modeled
with a steep density cusp, $1.6 \ltorder \gamma \ltorder 2.0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5175 </DOCNO>
Coherent transport in a two-electron quantum dot molecule


  We investigate the dynamics of two interacting electrons confined to a pair
of coupled quantum dots driven by an external AC field. By numerically
integrating the two-electron Schroedinger equation in time, we find that for
certain values of the strength and frequency of the AC field we can cause the
electrons to be localised within the same dot, in spite of the Coulomb
repulsion between them. Reducing the system to an effective two-site model of
Hubbard type and applying Floquet theory leads to a detailed understanding of
this effect. This demonstrates the possibility of using appropriate AC fields
to manipulate entangled states in mesoscopic devices on extremely short
timescales, which is an essential component of practical schemes for quantum
information processing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 100 </DOCNO>
Fractional Josephson vortices at YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ grain boundaries


  We report numerical simulations of magnetic flux patterns in asymmetric
45$^{\circ}$ [001]-tilt grain boundaries in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$
superconducting films. The grain boundaries are treated as Josephson junctions
with the critical current density $j_c(x)$ alternating along the junctions. We
demonstrate the existence of Josephson vortices with fractional flux quanta for
both periodic and random $j_c(x)$. A method is proposed to extract fractional
vortices from experimental flux patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40820 </DOCNO>
A New Upper Limit for the Tau-Neutrino Magnetic Moment


  Using a prompt neutrino beam in which a nu_tau component was identified for
the first time, the nu_tau magnetic moment was measured based on a search for
an anomalous increase in the number of neutrino-electron interactions. One such
event was observed when 2.3 were expected from background processes, giving an
upper 90% confidence limit of 3.9x10^-7 Bohr magnetons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76090 </DOCNO>
Production of the MSSM Higgs Bosons at Next Generation Linear $e^+e^-$


  % insert abstract here We study the production of the Higgs bosons predicted
in the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model $(h^0, H^0, A^0,
H^\pm)$, with the reactions $e^{+}e^{-}\to b\bar b h^0 (H^0, A^0)$, and
$e^+e^-\to \tau^-\bar \nu_\tau H^+, \tau^+\nu_\tau H^-$, using the helicity
formalism. We evaluate cross section of $h^0, H^0, A^0$ and $H^\pm$ in the
limit when $\tan\beta$ is large. The numerical computation is done considering
two stages of a possible Next Linear $e^{+}e^{-}$ Collider: the first with
$\sqrt{s}=500$ $GeV$ and design luminosity 50 $fb^{-1}$, and the second with
$\sqrt{s}=1$ $TeV$ and luminosity 100-200 $fb^{-1}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86142 </DOCNO>
Oscillatory approach to the singularity in vacuum spacetimes with $T^2$


  We use qualitative arguments combined with numerical simulations to argue
that, in the approach to the singularity in a vacuum solution of Einstein's
equations with $T^2$ isometry, the evolution at a generic point in space is an
endless succession of Kasner epochs, punctuated by bounces in which either a
curvature term or a twist term becomes important in the evolution equations for
a brief time. Both curvature bounces and twist bounces may be understood within
the context of local mixmaster dynamics although the latter have never been
seen before in spatially inhomogeneous cosmological spacetimes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123981 </DOCNO>
Radio Properties of the Shapley Concentration. IV. The A3528 Cluster


  We report and discuss the results of a 22 cm radio survey carried out with
the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) covering the A3528 complex, a
chain formed by the merging ACO clusters A3528-A3530-A3532, located in the
central region of the Shapley Concentration. Simultaneous 13 cm observations
are also presented. Our final catalogue includes a total of 106 radio sources
above the flux density limit of 0.8 mJy. By cross correlation with optical and
spectroscopic catalogues we found 32 optical counterparts, nine of them
belonging tothe A3528 complex. We explored the effects of cluster mergers on
the radio emission properties of radio galaxies by means of the radio
luminosity function (RLF) and radio source counts. We found that the radio
source counts are consistent with the background counts, as already found for
the A3558 complex (Paper III). The RLF for this complex is consistent, both in
shape and normalisation, with the general cluster luminosity function for
early-type galaxies derived by Ledlow & Owen (LO96). This result is different
from what we obtained for the A3558 merging complex, whose RLF is significantly
lower than LO96. We propose that the different stage of the merger is
responsible for the different RLFs in the two cluster complexes in the core of
the Shapley Concentration. The early stage of merger for the A3528 complex,
proposed by many authors, may have not yet affected the radio properties of
cluster galaxies, while in the more much advanced merger in the A3558 region we
actually see the effects of this process on the radio emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6870 </DOCNO>
Fermionic microstates within Painlev\'e-Gullstrand black hole


  We consider the quantum vacuum of fermionic field in the presence of a
black-hole background as a possible candidate for the stabilized black hole.
The stable vacuum state (as well as thermal equilibrium states with arbitrary
temperature) can exist if we use the Painlev\'e-Gullstrand description of the
black hole, and the superluminal dispersion of the particle spectrum at high
energy, which is introduced in the free-falling frame. Such choice is inspired
by the analogy between the quantum vacuum and the ground state of quantum
liquid, in which the event horizon for the low-energy fermionic quasiparticles
also can arise. The quantum vacuum is characterized by the Fermi surface, which
appears behind the event horizon. We do not consider the back reaction, and
thus there is no guarantee that the stable black hole exists. But if it does
exist, the Fermi surface behind the horizon would be the necessary attribute of
its vacuum state. We also consider exact discrete spectrum of fermions inside
the horizon which allows us to discuss the problem of fermion zero modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75289 </DOCNO>
Exact analysis of the combined data of SNO and Super-Kamiokande


  Comparison of solar-neutrino signals in SNO and Super-Kamiokande (SK)
detectors results in discovery of $\nu_e \to \nu_{\mu,\tau}$ oscillations at
level $3.1 - 3.3 \sigma$ \cite{SNO}. This comparison involves the assumption of
neutrino spectrum and a choice for the thresholds of detection in both
experiments. In this Letter we obtain an exact formula for the comparison of
the signals which is valid for arbitrary spectra and thresholds. We find that
the no-oscillation hypothesis is excluded at 3.3$\sigma$. If the
energy-dependent component of the survival probability for electron neutrinos
is small as compared with the average value, i.e. in the case of small
distortion of the observed spectrum, the oscillation hypothesis can also be
tested to similar accuracy. The oscillation to sterile neutrino only, is
excluded at $3.3 \sigma$ level, and oscillation to active neutrinos is
confirmed at the same level, though with some reservations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76196 </DOCNO>
A kind of prediction from superstring model building


  Assuming that the Standard Model of particle physics arises from the
$E_8\times E_8$ Heterotic String Theory, we try to solve the discrepancy
between the unification scale predicted by this theory ($\approx g_{GUT}\times
5.27\cdot 10^{17}$ GeV) and the value deduced from LEP experiments ($\approx
2\cdot 10^{16}$ GeV). A crucial ingredient in our solution is the presence at
low energies of three generations of supersymmetric Higgses and vector-like
colour triplets. As a by-product our analysis gives rise to a strategy which
might be useful when constructing realistic models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125171 </DOCNO>
Space-VLBI phase-reference mapping and astrometry


  We present 5 GHz space-VLBI observations of the quasar pair
B1342+662/B1342+663 that demonstrate the feasibility of phase-reference
techniques using an antenna in space. The space-based data were taken by the
satellite HALCA, of the space-VLBI mission VSOP. From residual (referenced)
phases we derive an upper bound of 10 meters to the uncertainty of the
spacecraft orbit reconstruction. An analysis of the phase-reference maps of the
sources additionally suggests that the above mentioned uncertaintyis likely not
larger than 3 meters. With errors of this magnitude, HALCA is a useful tool for
astrometric studies of close pairs of radio sources.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148426 </DOCNO>
Wick quantisation of a symplectic manifold


  The notion of the Wick star-product is covariantly introduced for a general
symplectic manifold equipped with two transverse polarisations. Along the lines
of Fedosov method, the explicit procedure is given to construct the Wick
symbols on the manifold. The cohomological obstruction is identified to the
equivalence between the Wick star-product and the Fedosov one. In particular in
the K\"ahler case, the Wick star-product is shown to be equivalent the Weyl
one, iff the manifold is a Calabi-Yau one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129291 </DOCNO>
Observational Mass-to-Light Ratio of Galaxy Systems: from Poor Groups to


  We study the mass-to-light ratio of galaxy systems from poor groups to rich
clusters, and present for the first time a large database for useful
comparisons with theoretical predictions. We extend a previous work, where B_j
band luminosities and optical virial masses were analyzed for a sample of 89
clusters. Here we also consider a sample of 52 more clusters, 36 poor clusters,
7 rich groups, and two catalogs, of about 500 groups each, recently identified
in the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample by using two different algorithms. We
obtain the blue luminosity and virial mass for all systems considered. We
devote a large effort to establishing the homogeneity of the resulting values,
as well as to considering comparable physical regions, i.e. those included
within the virial radius. By analyzing a fiducial, combined sample of 294
systems we find that the mass increases faster than the luminosity: the linear
fit gives M\propto L_B^{1.34 \pm 0.03}, with a tendency for a steeper increase
in the low--mass range. In agreement with the previous work, our present
results are superior owing to the much higher statistical significance and the
wider dynamical range covered (about 10^{12}-10^{15} M_solar). We present a
comparison between our results and the theoretical predictions on the relation
between M/L_B and halo mass, obtained by combining cosmological numerical
simulations and semianalytic modeling of galaxy formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97114 </DOCNO>
A reduction map for nef line bundles


  In a recent preprint, H. Tsuji gave a number of interesting assertions on the
structure of pseudo-effective line bundles on projective manifolds. In
particular, he postulated the existence of an almost-holomorphic "reduction
map", whose fibers are maximal subvarieties on which the line bundle is
numerically trivial.
  The purpose of this note is to give a simple, algebraic proof of the
existence of a reduction map in the case where the line bundle is nef.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126336 </DOCNO>
VLT spectroscopy of XTE J2123-058 during quiescence


  We present VLT low resolution spectroscopy of the neutron star X-ray
transient XTE J2123-058 during its quiescent state. Our data reveal the
presence of a K7V companion which contributes 77 % to the total flux at 6300 A
and orbits the neutron star at K_2 = 287 +/- 12 km/s. Contrary to other soft
X-ray transients (SXTs), the Halpha emission is almost exactly in antiphase
with the velocity curve of the optical companion. Using the light-center
technique we obtain K_1 = 140 +/- 27 km/s and hence q=K_1/K_2=M_2/M_1= 0.49 +/-
0.10. This, combined with a previous determination of the inclination angle
(i=73 +/- 4) yields M_1 = 1.55 +/- 0.31 Msun and M_2 = 0.76 +/- 0.22 Msun. M_2
agrees well with the observed spectral type. Doppler tomography of the Halpha
emission shows a non-symmetric accretion disc distribution mimicking that seen
in SW Sex stars. Although we find a large systemic velocity of -110 +/- 8 km/s
this value is consistent with the galactic rotation velocity at the position of
J2123-058, and hence a halo origin. The formation scenario of J2123-058 is
still unresolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168129 </DOCNO>
Atomic motion in magneto-optical double-well potentials: A new testing


  We have identified ultra-cold atoms in magneto-optical double-well potentials
as a very clean setting in which to study the quantum and classical dynamics of
a nonlinear system with multiple degrees of freedom. In this system,
entanglement at the quantum level and chaos at the classical level arise from
nonseparable couplings between the atomic spin and its center of mass motion.
The main features of the chaotic dynamics are analyzed using action-angle
variables and Poincare surfaces of section. We show that for the initial state
prepared in current experiments [D. J. Haycock et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85,
3365 (2000)], the classical and quantum dynamics diverge, and the observed
experimental dynamics are best described by quantum mechanics. Furthermore, the
motion corresponds to tunneling through a dynamical potential barrier. The
coupling between the spin and the motional subsystems, which are very different
in nature from one another, leads to new questions regarding the transition
from regular quantum dynamics to chaotic classical motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6107 </DOCNO>
Conformal boundary conditions and 3D topological field theory


  Topological field theory in three dimensions provides a powerful tool to
construct correlation functions and to describe boundary conditions in
two-dimensional conformal field theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127338 </DOCNO>
Polarimetric variations of binary stars. III Periodic polarimetric


  We present polarimetric observations of a massive pre-main sequence
short-period binary star of the Herbig Ae/Be type, MWC 1080. The mean
polarization at 7660 A is 1.60% at 81.6 deg, or 0.6% at 139 deg if an estimate
of the interstellar polarization is subtracted. The intrinsic polarization
points to an asymmetric geometry of the circumstellar or circumbinary
environment while the 139 deg intrinsic position angle traces the axis of
symmetry of the system and is perpendicular to the position angle of the
outflow cavity. The polarization and its position angle are clearly variable,
at all wavelengths, and on time scales of hours, days, months, and years.
Stochastic variability is accompanied by periodic variations caused by the
orbital motion of the stars in their dusty environment. These periodic
polarimetric variations are the first phased-locked ones detected for a
pre-main sequence binary. The variations are not simply double-periodic (seen
twice per orbit) but include single-periodic (seen once per orbit) and
higher-order variations. The presence of single-periodic variations could be
due to non equal mass stars, the presence of dust grains, an asymmetric
configuration of the circumstellar or circumbinary material, or the
eccentricity of the orbit. MWC 1080 is an eclipsing binary with primary and
secondary eclipses occurring at phases 0.0 and 0.55. The signatures of the
eclipses are seen in the polarimetric observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168769 </DOCNO>
Field Quantization, Photons and Non-Hermitean Modes


  Field quantization in three dimensional unstable optical systems is treated
by expanding the vector potential in terms of non-Hermitean (Fox-Li) modes in
both the cavity and external regions. The cavity non-Hermitean modes (NHM) are
treated using the paraxial and monochromaticity approximations. The NHM
bi-orthogonality relationships are used in a standard canonical quantization
procedure based on introducing generalised coordinates and momenta for the
electromagnetic (EM) field. The quantum EM field is equivalent to a set of
quantum harmonic oscillators (QHO), associated with either the cavity or the
external region NHM. This confirms the validity of the photon model in unstable
optical systems, though the annihilation and creation operators for each QHO
are not Hermitean adjoints. The quantum Hamiltonian for the EM field is the sum
of non-commuting cavity and external region contributions, each of which is sum
of independent QHO Hamiltonians for each NHM, but the external field
Hamiltonian also includes a coupling term responsible for external NHM photon
exchange processes. Cavity energy gain and loss processes is associated with
the non-commutativity of cavity and external region operators, given in terms
of surface integrals involving cavity and external region NHM functions on the
cavity-external region boundary. The spontaneous decay of a two-level atom
inside an unstable cavity is treated using the essential states approach and
the rotating wave approximation. Atomic transitions leading to cavity NHM
photon absorption have a different coupling constant to those leading to photon
emission, a feature resulting from the use of NHM functions. Under certain
conditions the decay rate is enhanced by the Petermann factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148907 </DOCNO>
Superspace Methods in String Theory, Supergravity and Gauge Theory


  In these two lectures, delivered at the XXXVII Karpacz Winter School,
February 2001, I review some applications of superspace in various topics
related to string theory and M-theory. The first lecture is mainly devoted to
descriptions of brane dynamics formulated in supergravity backgrounds. The
second lecture concerns the use of superspace techniques for determining
consistent interactions in supersymmetric gauge theory and supergravity, e.g.
alpha'-corrections from string/M-theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125336 </DOCNO>
Peak Luminosity-Spectral Lag Relation Caused by the Viewing Angle of the


  We compute the kinematical dependence of the peak luminosity, the pulse width
and the spectral lag of the peak luminosity on the viewing angle $\theta_v$ of
a jet. For appropriate model parameters we obtain the peak luminosity-spectral
lag relation similar to the observed one including GRB980425. A bright (dim)
peak with short (long) spectral lag corresponds to a jet with small (large)
viewing angle. This suggests that the viewing angle of the jet might cause
various relations in GRBs such as the peak luminosity-variability relation and
the luminosity-width relation. Our model also suggests that X-ray rich GRBs (or
X-ray flushes or Fast X-ray transients) are typical GRBs observed from large
$\theta_v$ with large spectral lag and low variability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149716 </DOCNO>
Nonstatic AdS_2 Branes and the Isometry Group of AdS_3 Spacetime


  For the D-branes on the SL(2,R) WZW model we present a particular choice of
outer automorphism for the gluing condition of currents that leads to a special
AdS_2 brane configuration. This configuration is shown to be a static solution
in the cylindrical coordinates, and a nonstatic solution in the Poincar\'e
coordinates to the nonlinear equation of motion for the Dirac-Born-Infeld
action of a D-string. The generalization of it gives a family of nonstatic
AdS_2 brane solutions. They are deomonstrated to transform to each other under
the isometry group of AdS_3 spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3896 </DOCNO>
Kinetic theory of point vortices: diffusion coefficient and systematic


  We develop a kinetic theory for point vortices in two-dimensional
hydrodynamics. Using standard projection operator technics, we derive a
Fokker-Planck equation describing the relaxation of a ``test'' vortex in a bath
of ``field'' vortices at statistical equilibrium. The relaxation is due to the
combined effect of a diffusion and a drift. The drift is shown to be
responsible for the organization of point vortices at negative temperatures. A
description that goes beyond the thermal bath approximation is attempted. A new
kinetic equation is obtained which respects all conservation laws of the point
vortex system and satisfies a H-theorem. Close to equilibrium this equation
reduces to the ordinary Fokker-Planck equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73746 </DOCNO>
Majorana Neutrinos, Neutrino Mass Spectrum, CP-Violation and


  Assuming four-neutrino mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos, we study the
implications of the neutrino oscillation solutions of the solar and atmospheric
neutrino problems, of the results of the LSND experiment and of the constraints
on neutrino oscillations, obtained in reactor and accelerator experiments, for
the predictions of the effective Majorana mass in neutrinoless double beta
(\betabeta-)decay, \meff. All 4-neutrino mass spectra compatible with the
existing neutrino mass and oscillation data are considered. The general case of
CP-nonconservation is investigated. We have also analyzed in detail the
question of whether a measurement of $\meff \gtap 0.01$ eV in the next
generation of \betabeta-decay experiments (NEMO3, CUORE, EXO, GENIUS), combined
with the data from the solar, atmospheric, reactor and accelerator neutrino
oscillation experiments and from the future neutrino mass $^3$H $\beta-$decay
experiment KATRIN would allow, and under what conditions, i) to determine the
absolute values of the neutrino masses and thus the neutrino mass spectrum, and
ii) to establish the existence of CP-violation in the lepton sector. For
certain 4-neutrino mass spectra there exists a direct relation between \meff or
the lightest neutrino mass $m_1$ and the neutrino mass measured in $^3$H
$\beta-$decay, $m_{\nu_e}$, and the measurement of $\meff \gtap 0.01$ eV and of
$m_{\nu_e} \gtap 0.4$ eV will give the unique possibility to determine the
absolute values of all four neutrino masses and to obtain information on
CP-violation in the lepton sector.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40943 </DOCNO>
New calibrations and time stability of the response of the INTERCAST


  We present new calibrations of different production batches (from 1989 to
1999) of the INTERCAST CR-39, using the BNL-AGS 1 A GeV iron beam. The
comparison with previous results, obtained with the 158 A GeV lead beam from
the CERN-SPS shows that, while each production batch has a different
calibration curve (mainly due to minor differences in the production
conditions), the aging effect is negligible. We also tested the dependence of
the CR-39 response from the time elapsed between exposure and analysis (fading
effect). The fading effect, if present, is less than 10%. It may be compatible
with the experimental uncertainties on the bulk etching rate vB.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114392 </DOCNO>
A Distributed Feedback System for Rapid Stabilization of Arbitrary


  In large process control systems it frequently becomes desirable to establish
feedback relationships that were not anticipated during the design phase of the
project. The "Generic Lock" architecture discussed in this paper makes it
possible for system operators to implement new feedback loops between arbitrary
process variables quickly and with no disturbance to the underlying control
system. Any available process variables may be selected for the input and
output of the loops so created, regardless of their physical or logical
separation. The system allows multiple user interface points distributed
through the control system while ensuring consistency among the feedback loops.
This system can be used to quickly prototype and test new control philosophies
or to control temporary hardware arrangements without any new software
development. It is implemented at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
Facility using the Common Device (CDEV) framework on top of the Experimental
Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). This paper discusses the
architecture, implementation, and early usage of the system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127419 </DOCNO>
An inverse Compton scattering (ICS) model of pulsar emission: II.


  The shapes of pulse profiles, especially their variations with respect to
observing frequencies, are very important to understand emission mechanisms of
pulsars, while no previous attempt has been made in interpreting the
complicated phenomenology. In this paper, we present theoretical simulations
for the integrated pulse profiles and their frequency evolution within the
framework of the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) model proposed by Qiao (1988)
and Qiao & Lin (1998). Using the phase positions of the pulse components
predicted by the ``beam-frequency figure'' of the ICS model, we present
Gaussian fits to the multi-frequency pulse profiles for some pulsars. It is
shown that the model can reproduce various types of the frequency evolution
behaviors of pulse profiles observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81031 </DOCNO>
Center vortex properties in the Laplace center gauge of SU(2) Yang-Mills


  Resorting to the the Laplace center gauge (LCG) and to the Maximal-center
gauge (MCG), respectively, confining vortices are defined by center projection
in either case. Vortex properties are investigated in the continuum limit of
SU(2) lattice gauge theory. The vortex (area) density and the density of vortex
crossing points are investigated. In the case of MCG, both densities are
physical quantities in the continuum limit. By contrast, in the LCG the
piercing as well as the crossing points lie dense in the continuum limit. In
both cases, an approximate treatment by means of a weakly interacting vortex
gas is not appropriate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3638 </DOCNO>
Transition Between Ground State and Metastable States in Classical 2D


  Structural and static properties of a classical two-dimensional (2D) system
consisting of a finite number of charged particles which are laterally confined
by a parabolic potential are investigated by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and
the Newton optimization technique. This system is the classical analog of the
well-known quantum dot problem. The energies and configurations of the ground
and all metastable states are obtained. In order to investigate the barriers
and the transitions between the ground and all metastable states we first
locate the saddle points between them, then by walking downhill from the saddle
point to the different minima, we find the path in configurational space from
the ground state to the metastable states, from which the geometric properties
of the energy landscape are obtained. The sensitivity of the ground-state
configuration on the functional form of the inter-particle interaction and on
the confinement potential is also investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98961 </DOCNO>
Dedekind sums: a combinatorial-geometric viewpoint


  The literature on Dedekind sums is vast. In this expository paper we show
that there is a common thread to many generalizations of Dedekind sums, namely
through the study of lattice point enumeration of rational polytopes. In
particular, there are some natural finite Fourier series which we call
Fourier-Dedekind sums, and which form the building blocks of the number of
partitions of an integer from a finite set of positive integers. This problem
also goes by the name of the `coin exchange problem'. Dedekind sums have
enjoyed a resurgence of interest recently, from such diverse fields as
topology, number theory, and combinatorial geometry. The Fourier-Dedekind sums
we study here include as special cases generalized Dedekind sums studied by
Berndt, Carlitz, Grosswald, Knuth, Rademacher, and Zagier. Our interest in
these sums stems from the appearance of Dedekind's and Zagier's sums in lattice
point count formulas for polytopes. Using some simple generating functions, we
show that generalized Dedekind sums are natural ingredients for such formulas.
As immediate `geometric' corollaries to our formulas, we obtain and generalize
reciprocity laws of Dedekind, Zagier, and Gessel. Finally, we prove a
polynomial-time complexity result for Zagier's higher-dimensional Dedekind
sums.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168190 </DOCNO>
Monitoring the Dipole-Dipole Interaction via Quantum Jumps of Individual


  The emission characteristics in the fluorescence of two laser-driven
dipole-dipole-interacting three level atoms is investigated. When the light
from both atoms is detected separately a correlation of the emission processes
is observed in dependence of the dipole-dipole interaction. This opens the
possibility to investigate the dipole-dipole interaction through the emission
behavior. We present Monte-Carlo simulations which are in good agreement with
the analytic solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97072 </DOCNO>
Automatic continuity of biseparating maps


  We prove that a biseparating map between spaces of vector-valued continuous
functions is usually automatically continuous. However, we also discuss special
cases when it is not true.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96631 </DOCNO>
Slope estimates of Artin-Schreier curves


  Let f(x) = x^d + a_{d-1}x^{d-1} + ... + a_0 be a polynomial of degree d in
Q[x]. For every prime number p coprime to d and f(x) in (Z_p \cap Q)[x], let
X/F_p be the Artin-Schreier curve defined by the affine equation y^p - y = f(x)
mod p. Let NP_1(X/F_p) be the first slope of the Newton polygon of X/F_p. We
prove that there is a Zariski dense subset U in the space A^d of degree-d monic
polynomials over Q such that for all f(x) in U, the limit of NP_1(X/F_p) is
equal to 1/d as p goes to infinity. This is a ``first slope version'' of a
conjecture of Wan.
  Let X/F_pbar be an Artin-Schreier curve defined by the affine equation y^p -
y = F(x) where F(x) = x^d + A_{d-1}x^{d-1} + ... + A_0. We prove that if p>d>1
then NP_1(X/F_pbar) >= ceiling((p-1)/d)/(p-1). If p>2d>3, we give a sufficient
condition for the equality to hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1149 </DOCNO>
Suprathreshold stochastic resonance: suppression of noise by strong


  We consider an overdamped Brownian motion in "quartic" potential subjected to
periodic driving. This system for the case of a weak periodic driving has been
intensively studied during past decade within the context of stochastic
resonance. We had demonstrated, that for the case of predominantly
suprathreshold driving the noise in the output signal is strongly suppressed at
certain frequency range: the signal-to-noise ratio demonstrates resonant
behavior as function of frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5001 </DOCNO>
Disorder Induced Fluctuations of the Pairing Parameter in P-Wave


  We study the effect of site diagonal disorder on the pairing amplitude by a
perturbation method. Using an extended Hubbard model with the intersite
attraction we analyze fluctuations of order parameter in presence of
non-magnetic disorder and discuss the instability of various solutions with
p-wave paring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74759 </DOCNO>
The Applicability of PQCD and NLO Power Corrections for Pion Form Factor


  In many years ago, Isgur and Llewellyn Smith addressed that PQCD is
inapplicable to exclusive processes, such as the pion form factor.The main
problem is that the asymptotic of PQCD is only about one fourth of the
experimental value. We reexamine this PQCD deep problem. By including NLO power
corrections to the pion form factor, we may arrive at a perturbative
explanation for the data. The key realization is that we need to interprete
that the strong interaction coupling constant involved in the PQCD result
should be taken as an effective coupling constant under nonperturbative QCD
vaccum. This implies that one can equally identify the relevant scale for the
effective coupling constant as the factorization scale about 1 GeV. We also
find that the average momentum fraction variable locates about 0.5, which is in
favor of the asymptotic pion wave function. By employing photon-pion form
factor with NLO power corrections to factorize out the nonperturbative effects
involved in the effective coupling constant, we can extract an effective
running coupling constant, which represents an effective coupling involving in
the hard scattering subprocesses. The difference between the effective running
coupling constant and the usual perturbative running coupling constant
($\Lambda_{QCD}=0.3$ GeV) is very small for $Q^2> 1 GeV^2$. The effective
running coupling constant $\alpha_s/\pi$ is smaller than 0.2 for $Q^2>1 GeV^2$.
  This directly showes that PQCD is applicable to exclusive processes at energy
$Q^2> 1 GeV^2$. In summary, with NLO power corrections, PQCD can completely
explain the $Q^2$ spectrum of pion form factor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74463 </DOCNO>
The primordial curvature perturbation in the ekpyrotic Universe


  In the ekpyrotic scenario the Universe is initially collapsing, the energy
density coming from a scalar field with a negative exponential potential. On
the basis of a calculation ignoring the gravitational back-reaction the authors
of the scenario claim that during collapse the vacuum fluctuation creates a
perturbation in the comoving curvature, which has a flat spectrum in accordance
with observation. In this note the back-reaction is included, and it is found
that the spectrum during collapse is strongly scale-dependent with negligible
magnitude. The spectrum is continuous across the bounce if the spacetime is
smooth, making it unlikely that the ekpyrotic scenario can be compatible with
observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77151 </DOCNO>
Gauge-invariant quark and gluon fields in QCD: dynamics, topology, and


  We review the implementation, in a temporal-gauge formulation of QCD, of the
non-Abelian Gauss's law and the construction of gauge-invariant gauge and
matter fields. We then express the QCD Hamiltonian in terms of these
gauge-invariant operator-valued fields, and discuss the relation of this
Hamiltonian and the gauge-invariant fields to the corresponding quantities in a
Coulomb gauge formulation of QCD. We argue that a representation of QCD in
terms of gauge-invariant quantities could be particularly useful for
understanding low-energy phenomenology. We present the results of an
investigation into the topological properties of the gauge-invariant fields,
and show that there are Gribov copies of these gauge-invariant gauge fields,
which are constructed in the temporal gauge, even though the conditions that
give rise to Gribov copies do not obtain for the gauge-dependent temporal-gauge
fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98949 </DOCNO>
Solution of the d-bar-Neumann problem on a non-smooth domain


  We study the solution of the d-bar-Neumann problem on (0,1)-forms on the
product of two half-planes in C^2. In, particular, we show the solution can be
decomposed into functions smooth up to the boundary and functions which are
singular at the singular points of the boundary. Furthermore, we show the
singular functions are log and arctan terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72366 </DOCNO>
Z scaling, fractality, and principles of relativity in the interactions


  The formation length of particles produced in the relativistic collisions of
hadrons and nuclei has relevance to fundamental principles of physics at small
interaction distances. The relation is expressed by z scaling observed in the
differential cross sections for the inclusive reactions at high energies. The
scaling variable reflects the length of the elementary particle trajectory in
terms of a fractal measure. Characterizing the fractal approach, we demonstrate
the relativity principles in space with broken isotropy. We derive relativistic
transformations accounting for asymmetry of space-time expressed by different
anomalous fractal dimensions of the interacting objects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6284 </DOCNO>
Information loss in an optimal maximum likelihood decoding


  The mutual information between a set of stimuli and the elicited neural
responses is compared to the corresponding decoded information. The decoding
procedure is presented as an artificial distortion of the joint probabilities
between stimuli and responses. The information loss is quantified. Whenever the
probabilities are only slightly distorted, the information loss is shown to be
quadratic in the distortion

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126451 </DOCNO>
Ram pressure stripping and galaxy orbits: The case of the Virgo cluster


  We investigate the role of ram pressure stripping in the Virgo cluster using
N-body simulations. Radial orbits within the Virgo cluster's gravitational
potential are modeled and analyzed with respect to ram pressure stripping. The
N-body model consists of 10000 gas cloud complexes which can have inelastic
collisions. Ram pressure is modeled as an additional acceleration on the clouds
located at the surface of the gas distribution in the direction of the galaxy's
motion within the cluster. We made several simulations changing the orbital
parameters in order to recover different stripping scenarios using realistic
temporal ram pressure profiles. We investigate systematically the influence of
the inclination angle between the disk and the orbital plane of the galaxy on
the gas dynamics. We show that ram pressure can lead to a temporary increase of
the central gas surface density. In some cases a considerable part of the total
atomic gas mass (several 10^8 M_solar) can fall back onto the galactic disk
after the stripping event. A quantitative relation between the orbit parameters
and the resulting HI deficiency is derived containing explicitly the
inclination angle between the disk and the orbital plane. The comparison
between existing HI observations and the results of our simulations shows that
the HI deficiency depends strongly on galaxy orbits. It is concluded that the
scenario where ram pressure stripping is responsible for the observed HI
deficiency is consistent with all HI 21cm observations in the Virgo cluster.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2454 </DOCNO>
Application of multi-agent games to the prediction of financial


  We report on a technique based on multi-agent games which has potential use
in the prediction of future movements of financial time-series. A third-party
game is trained on a black-box time-series, and is then run into the future to
extract next-step and multi-step predictions. In addition to the possibility of
identifying profit opportunities, the technique may prove useful in the
development of improved risk management strategies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40776 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and the Anomalous Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Muon


  The recently reported measurement of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment
differs from the standard model prediction by 2.6 standard deviations. We
examine the implications of this discrepancy for supersymmetry. Deviations of
the reported magnitude are generic in supersymmetric theories. Based on the new
result, we derive model-independent upper bounds on the masses of observable
supersymmetric particles. We also examine several model frameworks. The sign of
the reported deviation is as predicted in many simple models, but disfavors
anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96190 </DOCNO>
Harmonic maps in unfashionable geometries


  We describe some general constructions on a real smooth projective 4-quadric
which provide analogues of the Willmore functional and conformal Gauss map in
both Lie sphere and projective differential geometry. Extrema of these
functionals are characterized by harmonicity of this Gauss map.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3840 </DOCNO>
Synthesis of MgB2 from elements


  Superconducting at 40 K MgB2 -samples were obtained by direct reaction from
elements in molybdenum crucibles under argon pressure. Pressure allows to
provide annealing at temperature up to 1400oC, that resulting in rise of Tc and
compactness of the ceramics, suggesting that there is a homogeneity range of
composition for the compound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97279 </DOCNO>
A compactification of the moduli scheme of abelian varieties


  We construct a canonical compactification $SQ^{toric}_{g,K}$ of the moduli of
abelian varieties over $Z[\zeta_N, 1/N]$ where $\zeta_N$ is a primitive $N$-th
root of unity. This is very similar to, but slightly diferent from the
compactification constructed by the author in Inventiones vol. 136 (1999). Any
degenerate abelian scheme on the boundary of $SQ^{toric}_{g,K}$ is reduced and
singular and it is one of the stable quasi-abelian varieties introduced by
Alexeev and the author (Tohoku J. 1999).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95955 </DOCNO>
Concordance and 1-loop clovers


  We show that surgery on a connected clover (or clasper) with at least one
loop preserves the concordance class of a knot. Surgery on a slightly more
special class of clovers preserves invertible concordance. We also show that
the converse is false. Similar results hold for clovers with at least two loops
vs. S-equivalence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72491 </DOCNO>
Light quark masses: a status report at DPF 2000


  A summary of the extraction of light quark masses from both QCD sumrules and
lattice QCD simulations is presented. The focus is on providing a careful
statement of the potential weaknesses in each calculation, and on integrating
the work of different collaborations to provide a coherent picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127848 </DOCNO>
On the relation between the coronal line emission and the IR/X-ray


  The relation between the X-ray, the coronal line and the infrared (IR)
emissions in a sample of the brightest known Seyfert galaxies is analysed. A
close relationship between the absorption-corrected soft X-ray emission and
both the mid-IR and the coronal line emission is found for the Seyfert type 2
objects in the sample. The coronal line and the X-ray emissions are both main
tracers of the central activity, hence their relationship with the mid-IR
emission points to nuclear energetic process as the main responsibles of the
heating of the circumnuclear dust. On the other hand, the above relations do
not seem to hold for the Seyfert type 1 discussed in the sample, at least when
the comparisons are done in a flux diagram. This is partially because of the
reduced number of objects of this type analysed in this work and the fact that
the measured soft X-ray emission in Seyfert 1s is systematically larger, by at
least an order of magnitude, than that in the Seyfert 2 counterparts. Finally,
the hard X-ray emission in the studied sample appears unrelated to either the
mid-IR or the coronal line emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123657 </DOCNO>
Signal Characteristics from Electromagnetic Cascades in Ice


  We investigate the development of electromagnetic cascades in ice using a
GEANT Monte Carlo simulation. We examine the Cherenkov pulse that is generated
by the charge excess that develops and propagates with the shower. This study
is important for the RICE experiment at the South Pole, as well as any test
beam experiment which seeks to measure coherent Cherenkov radiation from an
electromagnetic shower.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74961 </DOCNO>
An absolute polarimeter for high energy protons


  A study of the spin asymmetries for polarized elastic proton proton
collisions in the electromagnetic hadronic interference (CNI) region of
momentum transfer provides a method of self calibration of proton polarization.
The method can be extended to non-identical spin half scattering so that, in
principle, the polarization of a proton may be obtained through an analysis of
its elastic collision with a different polarized particle, helium 3 for
instance. Sufficiently large CNI spin asymmetries provide enough information to
facilitate the evaluation of nearly all the helicity amplitudes at small t as
well as the polarization of both initial spin half fermions. Thus it can serve
equally well as a polarimeter for helium 3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168864 </DOCNO>
Giant light shift of atoms near optical microstructures


  Atoms coupled to optical fields confined in one and two spatial dimensions in
solid state microstructures can experience very large light shifts if the
driving frequencies are close to a resonance of the microstructures and an
atomic transition. Using the simple example of a quasi one-dimensional
waveguide structure we can analytically calculate the atomic AC Stark shift and
the modifications of the light field induced by the presence of the atom. A
large enhancement of the effective interaction strength is found due to a non
uniform mode density. Experimentally this should be visible by monitoring the
scattered light field as well as by the modification of the atomic trajectories
bouncing from the evanescent light.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76085 </DOCNO>
Classical Stabilization of Homogeneous Extra Dimensions


  If spacetime possesses extra dimensions of size and curvature radii much
larger than the Planck or string scales, the dynamics of these extra dimensions
should be governed by classical general relativity. We argue that in general
relativity, it is highly nontrivial to obtain solutions where the extra
dimensions are static and are dynamically stable to small perturbations. We
also illustrate that intuition on equilibrium and stability built up from
non-gravitational physics can be highly misleading. For all static, homogeneous
solutions satisfying the null energy condition, we show that the Ricci
curvature of space must be nonnegative in all directions. Much of our analysis
focuses on a class of spacetime models where space consists of a product of
homogeneous and isotropic geometries. A dimensional reduction of these models
is performed, and their stability to perturbations that preserve the spatial
symmetries is analyzed. We conclude that the only physically realistic examples
of classically stabilized large extra dimensions are those in which the
extra-dimensional manifold is positively curved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127687 </DOCNO>
Inclinations and black hole masses of Seyfert 1 galaxies


  A tight correlation of black hole mass and central velocity dispersion has
been found recently for both active and quiescent galaxies. By applying this
correlation, we develop a simple method to derive the inclination angles for a
sample of 11 Seyfert 1 galaxies that have both measured central velocity
dispersions and black hole masses estimated by reverberation mapping. These
angles, with a mean value of 36 degree that agrees well with the result
obtained by fitting the iron K$\alpha$ lines of Seyfert 1s observed with ASCA,
provide further support to the orientation-dependent unification scheme of AGN.
A positive correlation of the inclinations with observed FWHMs of H$\beta$ line
and a possible anti-correlation with the nuclear radio-loudness have been
found. We conclude that more accurate knowledge on inclinations and broad line
region dynamics is needed to improve the black hole mass determination of AGN
with the reverberation mapping technique.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6873 </DOCNO>
Improved superconducting properties in nanocrystalline bulk MgB_2


  Highly dense nanocrystalline MgB_2 bulk superconductors with distinctly
improved pinning were prepared by mechanical alloying of Mg and B powders and
hot compaction at ambient temperatures. The nanocrystalline samples reveal high
critical current densities of 105 A/cm2 at 20 K and 1 T together with a
strongly shifted irreversibility line towards higher fields resulting in
H_irr(T) ~ 0.8 H_c2(T), whereas typically H_irr(T) ~ 0.5 H_c2(T) is observed
for bulk untextured samples. These values exceed that of all other so far
reported bulk samples and are in the range of the values of thin films. The
improved pinning of this material which mainly consists of spherical grains of
about 40-100 nm in size is attributed to the large number of grain boundaries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124461 </DOCNO>
Relativistic large scale jets and minimum power requirements


  The recent discovery, by the Chandra satellite, that jets of blazars are
strong X-ray emitters at large scales (0.1-1 Mpc) bears support to the
hypothesis that (also) on these scales the emitting plasma is moving at highly
relativistic speeds. In this case in fact the emission via inverse Compton
scattering off cosmic background photons is enhanced and the resulting
predicted X-ray spectrum well accounts for the otherwise puzzling observations.
Here we point out another reason to favor relativistic large scale jets, based
on a minimum power argument: by estimating the Poynting flux and bulk kinetic
powers corresponding to, at least, the relativistic particles and magnetic
field responsible for the emission, one can derive the value of the bulk
Lorentz factor for which the total power is minimized. It is found that both
the inner and extended parts of the jet of PKS 0637-752 satisfy such condition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75988 </DOCNO>
Color Superconducting State of Quarks


  An introductory review of physics of color superconducting state of matter is
presented. Comparison with superconductivity in electron systems reveals
difficulties involved in formulating color superconductivity theory at
moderately ultra-nuclear density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150223 </DOCNO>
Dynamic dS/CFT correspondence using the brane cosmology


  We explore the dynamic dS/CFT correspondence using the moving domain
wall(brane) approach in the brane cosmology. The bulk spacetimes are given by
the Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) black hole and the topological-de Sitter
(TdS) solutions. We consider the embeddings of (Euclidean) moving domain walls
into the (Euclidean) de Sitter spaces. The TdS solution is better to describe
the static dS/CFT correspondence than the SdS black hole, while in the dynamic
dS/CFT correspondence the SdS solution provides situation better than that of
the TdS solution. However, we do not find a desirable cosmological scenario
from the SdS black hole space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1010 </DOCNO>
Strain release of (La,Ca)MnO3 thin films by YBa2Cu3O7-d


  La1-xCaxMnO3 (x = 0.3; LCMO) films of different thickness were
sputter-deposited on SrTiO3(100) (STO) single crystal substrates with and
without YBa2Cu3O7-d (YBCO) as template layer. The electric and magnetic
properties and the microstructure of the films were studied. Clear differences
in the out-of-plane lattice parameter and the temperature of the
metal-insulator transition show that the YBCO buffer layer is very effective in
relaxing the strain of the LCMO films, which is quite difficult to release in
LCMO films directly deposited on STO. Use of such buffer layers for strain
release may prove to be a quite general tool.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95708 </DOCNO>
New bounds on Kakeya problems


  We establish new estimates on the Minkowski and Hausdorff dimensions of
Besicovitch sets and obtain new bounds on the Kakeya maximal operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41586 </DOCNO>
Search for Technicolor with DELPHI


  Technicolor represents a viable alternative to the Higgs mechanism for
generating gauge boson masses. Searches for technicolor particles rho_T and
pi_T have been performed in the data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP
at centre-of-mass energies between 192 and 208 GeV corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 452 pb^{-1}. Good agreement is observed with the SM
expectation in all channels studied. This is translated into an excluded region
in the (M_{pi_T},M_{rho_T}) plane. The rho_T production is excluded for all 90
< M_{rho_T} < 206.7 GeV/c^2. Assuming a point-like interaction of the pi_T with
gauge bosons, an absolute lower limit on the charged pi_T mass at 95% CL is set
at 79.8 GeV/c^2, independently of other parameters of the technicolor model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96447 </DOCNO>
Characterization of test functions in CKS-space


  We prove a characterization theorem for the test functions in a CKS-space.
Some crucial ideas concerning the growth condition are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124522 </DOCNO>
ESO Imaging Survey. Deep Public Survey: Multi-Color Optical Data for the


  This paper presents multi-passband optical data obtained from observations of
the Chandra Deep Field South (CDF-S), located at alpha ~ 3h 32m, delta ~ -27d
48m. The observations were conducted at the ESO/MPG 2.2m telescope at La Silla
using the 8kx8k Wide-Field Imager (WFI). This data set, taken over a period of
one year, represents the first field to be completed by the ongoing Deep Public
Survey (DPS) being carried out by the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS) project. This
paper describes the optical observations, the techniques employed for
un-supervised pipeline processing and the general characteristics of the final
data set. The paper includes data taken in six different filters U'UBVRI. The
data cover an area of about 0.25 square degrees reaching 5 sigma limiting
magnitudes of U'_AB=26.0, U_AB=25.7, B_AB=26.4$, V_AB=25.4, R_AB=25.5 and I_AB=
24.7 mag, as measured within a 2xFWHM aperture. The optical data covers the
area of ~ 0.1

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128108 </DOCNO>
Microlensing search towards M31


  We present the first results of the analysis of data collected during the
1998-99 observational campaign at the 1.3 meter McGraw-Hill Telescope, towards
the Andromeda galaxy (M31), aimed to the detection of gravitational
microlensing effects as a probe of the presence of dark matter in our and in
M31 halo. The analysis is performed using the pixel lensing technique, which
consists in the study of flux variations of unresolved sources and has been
proposed and implemented by the AGAPE collaboration. We carry out a shape
analysis by demanding that the detected flux variations be achromatic and
compatible with a Paczynski light curve. We apply the Durbin-Watson hypothesis
test to the residuals. Furthermore, we consider the background of variables
sources. Finally five candidate microlensing events emerge from our selection.
Comparing with the predictions of a Monte Carlo simulation, assuming a standard
spherical model for the M31 and Galactic haloes, and typical values for the
MACHO mass, we find that our events are only marginally consistent with the
distribution of observable parameters predicted by the simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73697 </DOCNO>
g-2 of the muon in SUSY Models with Gauge Multiplets in the Bulk of


  We analyze the supersymmetric contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment
of the muon (a_\mu) in the framework of pure and gaugino-assisted anomaly
mediation models, and gaugino mediation models. In the last two models the
gauge multiplets propagate in the higher dimensional bulk, providing a natural
mechanism for solving the problem of negative squared slepton masses present in
the pure anomaly mediation models. In the light of the new BNL results for
a_\mu, we found that the pure and gaugino-assisted anomaly mediation models are
almost excluded by the BNL constraints at 2\sigma level when combined with CLEO
constraints on b->sg at 90 % of C.L. In contrast, the gaugino mediation models
provide extensive regions in the SUSY parameter space where both of these
constraints are satisfied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123352 </DOCNO>
The AGB phase-transition outside the Local Group: K-band observations of


  We have extended the study of the young star clusters observed in the merger
remnant galaxy NGC 7252 by obtaining K band photometry for these clusters. Our
K band data significantly complement the optical photometry and spectroscopy in
the literature: K band data are fundamental to study the Asymptotic Giant
Branch (AGB) population of these clusters, since the AGB phase transition
(occuring between the age of 200 Myr and 1 Gyr) causes abrupt changes in the
near-infrared luminosity of the clusters while producing only small changes in
the optical. Therefore, the e.g. V-K colour is ideal to study this evolutionary
phase of stellar populations. For the present analysis we present models for
Simple Stellar Populations which include the contribution of the AGB stellar
phase, calibrated with the young and intermediate age star clusters of the
Magellanic Clouds. The comparison with the colour distribution of the NGC 7252
star clusters shows that they are indeed intermediate age clusters undergoing
the AGB phase transition. The AGB phase transition is observed for the first
time outside the Local Group. Most of the studied clusters span the very narrow
age range 300-500 Myr, and likely have metallicities 0.5-1 Z_{\odot}. A very
important exception is the cluster W32, which has already completed its AGB
epoch, its colours being consistent with an age of 1-2 Gyr. This impacts on the
duration of the merger-induced starburst. The strengths of the magnesium and
iron lines in the spectrum of the best observed cluster W3, and in the spectrum
of the diffuse central light of NGC 7252, do not show an overabundance in
alpha-elements, in contrast to the bulk stellar population of elliptical
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72729 </DOCNO>
Brane World Cosmologies with Varying Speed of Light


  We study cosmologies in the Randall-Sundrum models, incorporating the
possibility of time-varying speed of light and Newton's constant. The
cosmologies with varying speed of light (VSL) were proposed by Moffat and by
Albrecht and Magueijo as an alternative to inflation for solving the
cosmological problems. We consider the case in which the speed of light varies
with time after the radion or the scale of the extra dimension has been
stabilized. We elaborate on the conditions under which the flatness problem and
the cosmological constant problem can be resolved. We find that the RS models
are more restrictive about possible desirable VSL cosmological models than the
standard general relativity. Particularly, the VSL cosmologies may provide with
a possible mechanism for bringing the quantum corrections to the fine-tuned
brane tensions after the SUSY breaking under control.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76084 </DOCNO>
On the B $ +AFw-to J/+AFw-Psi K^* $ Decay


  We calculate the process- and polarization-dependent nonfactorizable terms
$+AFw-widetilde{a}_{+AFw-lambda}$ of the B$+AFw-to$ J$/+AFw-Psi {+AFw-rm K^*}$
decay within the QCD-improved factorization approach. The longitudinal part
$+AFw-widetilde{a}_{0}$ is infrared convergent and large enough to agree with
recent experimental data, provided that the B-K$^*$ form factors
$A_1(m^2_{+AFw-Psi})$ and $A_2(m^2_{+AFw-Psi})$ satisfy some constraints met by
many (but not all) models.
  The transverse parts $+AFw-widetilde{a}_{+AFw-pm}$ on the other hand are
infrared divergent, the procedure used to handle such divergence is discussed
in relation with the B$+AFw-to$ J$/+AFw-Psi {+AFw-rm K}$ case in which the same
problem arises. Our nonzero phases of the helicity amplitudes are consistent
with experimental data recently measured for the first time by the BaBar
collaboration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148087 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric D-brane Bound States with B-field and Higher Dimensional


  We classify supersymmetric D0-Dp bound states with a non-zero B-field by
considering T-dualities of intersecting branes at angles. Especially, we find
that the D0-D8 system with the B-field preserves 1/16, 1/8 and 3/16 of
supercharges if the B-field satisfies the ``(anti-)self-dual'' condition in
dimension eight. The D0-branes in this system are described by eight
dimensional instantons on non-commutative R^8. We also discuss the extended
ADHM construction of the eight-dimensional instantons and its deformation by
the B-field. The modified ADHM equations admit a sort of the `fuzzy sphere'
(embeddings of SU(2)) solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5382 </DOCNO>
Shear Stress Correlations in Hard and Soft Sphere Fluids


  The shear stress autocorrelation function has been studied recently by
molecular dynamics simulation using the 1/q^n potential for very large n. The
results are analyzed and interpreted here by comparing them to the shear stress
response function for hard spheres. It is shown that the hard sphere response
function has a singular contribution and that this is reproduced accurately by
the simulations for large n. A simple model for the stress autocorrelation
function at finite n is proposed, based on the required hard sphere limiting
form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125806 </DOCNO>
A search for signatures of quasar evolution: Comparison of the shapes of


  For 15 bright (V<17.5), high redshift (z>3) quasars, we have obtained IR
spectra and photometry, and optical spectrophotometry and photometry, which we
use to construct their rest-frame 1285-5100 AA spectral energy distributions
(SEDs). High resolution spectroscopy for 7 and L' detections of 4 extend their
SEDs shortwards of Ly_alpha or redwards of 7500 AA. The average luminosities
within a set of narrow, line-free, windows are computed. Power law fits to
those from 1285 to 5100 AA, but excluding the 2000-4000 AA region of the
FeII+BaC `small bump', adequately characterize the continuum shapes of most of
the objects and yield optical/UV spectral indices (aouv: fnu ~ nu^{aouv}).
  To look for signs of evolution, we compare the distribution of the aouv for
the z>3 quasars with that for a set of 27 z~0.1 quasars which are matched to
the high redshift(z) ones in evolved luminosity. The mean (median) aouv for the
high and low z samples are -0.32(-0.29) and -0.38(-0.40), respectively. Neither
the distributions nor means differ significantly. The distributions of aouv for
both samples span a wide range however, with Delta~1, which could be understood
as the result of both a diversity in the emitted continua themselves and in the
amounts of intrinsic extinction undergone.
  A clear difference between the high and low z samples occurs in the region of
`small bump'. The power law fit residuals for the low z sample show a
systematic excess from 2200-3000 AA ; this feature is weak or absent in the
high z sample. Further study is needed, but the `small bump' evolution could
reflect differences in iron abundance or FeII energy source, or alternatively,
an intrinsic turnover in the continuum itself which is present at low but not
at high z. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75866 </DOCNO>
TeV Strings and Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Rays


  The origin and nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray events, above the
Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff energy, constitute a long-standing,
unsolved mistery. Neutrinos are proposed candidates but their standard
interactions with matter are too weak. In the context of a TeV-scale string
theory, motivated by possible extra space dimensions, the neutrino-nucleon
scattering is examined. Resonant string contributions increase substantially
the standard model neutrino-nucleon cross section. Although they seem
insufficient to explain the trans-GZK cosmic ray events, their effects might be
detected in next experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74616 </DOCNO>
Does DLCQ S-matrix have a covariant continuum limit?


  We develop a systematic DLCQ perturbation theory and show that DLCQ S-matrix
does not have a covariant continuum limit for processes with $p^+=0$ exchange.
This implies that the role of the zero mode is more subtle than ever considered
in DLCQ and hence must be treated with great care also in non-perturbative
approach. We also make a brief comment on DLCQ in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126820 </DOCNO>
SCUBA Observations of NGC 1275


  Deep SCUBA observations of NGC 1275 at 450 micron and 850 micron along with
the application of deconvolution algorithms have permitted us to separate the
strong core emission in this galaxy from the fainter extended emission around
it. The core has a steep spectral index and is likely due primarily to the AGN.
The faint emission has a positive spectral index and is clearly due to extended
dust in a patchy distribution out to a radius of $\sim$ 20 kpc from the
nucleus. These observations have now revealed that a large quantity of dust,
$\sim$ 6 $\times$ 10$^7$ $M_\odot$, 2 orders of magnitude larger than that
inferred from previous optical absorption measurements, exists in this galaxy.
We estimate the temperature of this dust to be $\sim$ 20 K (using an emissivity
index of $\beta$ = 1.3) and the gas/dust ratio to be 360. These values are
typical of spiral galaxies. The dust emission correlates spatially with the hot
X-ray emitting gas which may be due to collisional heating of broadly
distributed dust by electrons. Since the destruction timescale is short, the
dust cannot be replenished by stellar mass loss and must be externally
supplied, either via the infalling galaxy or the cooling flow itself.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3475 </DOCNO>
Electronic and structural properties of superconducting MgB$_2$,


  We report a detailed study of the electronic and structural properties of the
39K superconductor \mgbtwo and of several related systems of the same family,
namely \mgalbtwo, \bebtwo, \casitwo and \cabesi. Our calculations, which
include zone-center phonon frequencies and transport properties, are performed
within the local density approximation to the density functional theory, using
the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) and the
norm-conserving pseudopotential methods. Our results indicate essentially
three-dimensional properties for these compounds; however, strongly
two-dimensional $\sigma$-bonding bands contribute significantly at the Fermi
level. Similarities and differences between \mgbtwo and \bebtwo (whose
superconducting properties have not been yet investigated) are analyzed in
detail. Our calculations for \mgalbtwo show that metal substitution cannot be
fully described in a rigid band model. \casitwo is studied as a function of
pressure, and Be substitution in the Si planes leads to a stable compound
similar in many aspects to diborides.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96201 </DOCNO>
Combinatorics of free vertex algebras


  This paper illustrates the combinatorial approach to vertex algebra - study
of vertex algebras presented by generators and relations. A necessary
ingredient of this method is the notion of free vertex algebra. Borcherds
\cite{bor} was the first to note that free vertex algebras do not exist in
general. The reason for this is that vertex algebras do not form a variety of
algebras, because the locality axiom (see sec 2 below) is not an identity.
However, a certain subcategory of vertex algebras, obtained by restricting the
order of locality of generators, has a universal object, which we call the free
vertex algebra corresponding to the given locality bound. In [J. of Algebra,
217(2):496-527] some free vertex algebras were constructed and in certain
special cases their linear bases were found. In this paper we generalize this
construction and find linear bases of an arbitrary free vertex algebra.
  It turns out that free vertex algebras are closely related to the vertex
algebras corresponding to integer lattices. The latter algebras play a very
important role in different areas of mathematics and physics. Here we explore
the relation between free vertex algebras and lattice vertex algebras in much
detail. These results comply with the use of the word "free" in physical
literature refering to some elements of lattice vertex algebras, like in "free
field", "free bozon" or "free fermion".
  Among other things, we find a nice presentation of lattice vertex algebras in
terms of generators and relations, thus giving an alternative construction of
these algebras without using vertex operators. We remark that our construction
works in a very general setting; we do not assume the lattice to be positive
definite, neither non-degenerate, nor of a finite rank.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168151 </DOCNO>
A computable measure of entanglement


  We present a measure of entanglement that can be computed effectively for any
mixed state of an arbitrary bipartite system. We show that it does not increase
under local manipulations of the system, and use it to obtain a bound on the
teleportation capacity and on the distillable entanglement of mixed states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125902 </DOCNO>
L-dwarf variability: Magnetic star spots or non-uniform clouds?


  The recent discovery of photometric variations in L dwarfs has opened a
discussion on the cause of the variations. We argue against the existence of
magnetic spots in these atmospheres and favor the idea that non-uniform
condensate coverage (i.e. clouds) is responsible for the variations. The
magnetic Reynolds number (Rm) in the atmosphere of L dwarfs, which describes
how well the gas couples with the magnetic field, is too small (<<1) to support
the formation of magnetic spots. In constrast silicate and iron clouds form in
the photospheres of L dwarfs. Inhomogeneities in such cloud decks can plausibly
produce the observed photometric variations. Further evidence in support of
clouds is the tendency for variable L dwarfs to be bluer in J-Ks than the
average L dwarf of a given spectral type. This color effect is expected if
clear holes appear in an otherwise uniform cloud layer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167956 </DOCNO>
Entanglement between motional states of a single trapped ion and light


  We propose a generation method of Bell-type states involving light and the
vibrational motion of a single trapped ion. The trap itself is supposed to be
placed inside a high-$Q$ cavity sustaining a single mode, quantized
electromagnetic field. Entangled light-motional states may be readily generated
if a conditional measurement of the ion's internal electronic state is made
after an appropriate interaction time and a suitable preparation of the initial
state. We show that all four Bell states may be generated using different
motional sidebands (either blue or red), as well as adequate ionic relative
phases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 359 </DOCNO>
Electron-Electron Relaxation Effect on Auger Recombination in Direct


  Influence of electron-electron relaxation processes on Auger recombination
rate in direct band semiconductors is investigated. Comparison between
carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon relaxation processes is provided. It is
shown that relaxation processes are essential if the free path length of
carriers doesn't exceed a certain critical value, which exponentially increases
with temperature. For illustration of obtained results a typical InGaAsP
compound is used.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6352 </DOCNO>
Raman spectra of MgB2 at high pressure and topological electronic


  Raman spectra of the MgB2 ceramic samples were measured as a function of
pressure up to 32 GPa at room temperature. The spectrum at normal conditions
contains a very broad peak at ~590 cm-1 related to the E2g phonon mode. The
frequency of this mode exhibits a strong linear dependence in the pressure
region from 5 to 18 GPa, whereas beyond this region the slope of the
pressure-induced frequency shift is reduced by about a factor of two. The
pressure dependence of the phonon mode up to ~ 5GPa exhibits a change in the
slope as well as a "hysteresis" effect in the frequency vs. pressure behavior.
These singularities in the E2g mode behavior under pressure support the
suggestion that MgB2 may undergo a pressure-induced topological electronic
transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 426 </DOCNO>
Templeting of Thin Films Induced by Dewetting on Patterned Surfaces


  The instability, dynamics and morphological transitions of patterns in thin
liquid films on periodic striped surfaces (consisting of alternating less and
more wettable stripes) are investigated based on 3-D nonlinear simulations that
account for the inter-site hydrodynamic and surface-energetic interactions. The
film breakup is suppressed on some potentially destabilizing nonwettable sites
when their spacing is below a characteristic lengthscale of the instability,
the upper bound for which is close to the spinodal lengthscale. The thin film
pattern replicates the substrate surface energy pattern closely only when, (a)
the periodicity of substrate pattern matches closely with the characteristic
lengthscale, and (b) the stripe-width is within a range bounded by a lower
critical length, below which no heterogeneous rupture occurs, and an upper
transition length above which complex morphological features bearing little
resemblance to the substrate pattern are formed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73231 </DOCNO>
Kinetic decoupling of neutralino dark matter


  After neutralinos cease annihilating in the early Universe, they may still
scatter elastically from other particles in the primordial plasma. At some
point in time, however, they will eventually stop scattering. We calculate the
cross sections for neutralino elastic scattering from standard-model particles
to determine the time at which this kinetic decoupling occurs. We show that
kinetic decoupling occurs above a temperature $T\sim$ MeV. Thereafter,
neutralinos act as collisionless cold dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3534 </DOCNO>
Ground State Phase Transition in the S=1 Distorted Kagom\'e Heisenberg


  The ground state phase transition in the distorted S=1 kagom\'e Heisenberg
antiferromagnet (KHAF) is studied by means of the perturbational calculation
and numerical exact diagonalization method. For strong $\sqrt{3} \times
\sqrt{3}$ lattice distortion, the hexgonal singlet solid (HSS) ground state of
the uniform KHAF is destroyed and new singlet state, large HSS (LHSS) state,
which is globally different from the HSS state is realized. The quantum phase
transition between these two singlet states is analogous to the Haldane-dimer
transition in the S=1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain. The presence of this
transition supports the validity of the HSS picture of the ground state of the
uniform S=1 KHAF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76018 </DOCNO>
Kaon Condensation and Enforced Charge Neutrality of the Color-Flavor


  We investigate the influence of charged kaon condensation in hadronic sector
on the formation of the electron-free charge neutral quark matter of
equipartition of three light flavors, i.e., a phenomenon called ``enforced
electrical neutrality" of the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase. We employ the
chiral quark model which is assumed to be applicable, "bottom-up," toward
chiral restoration while accessible to kaon condensation in the hadronic
sector. Approaching "bottom-up" the high density regime is more appropriate in
addressing the properties of compact stars than approaching "top-down" from
asymptotic QCD. It turns out that the presence of hadronic kaon condensation
makes the electron-free charge-neutral CFL phase energetically more favorable
with a relatively small color-superconducting gap $\Delta_0\sim 20$ MeV
compared to $\Delta_0\sim 70$ MeV required in the absence of such kaon
condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113992 </DOCNO>
Recent Conceptual Consequences of Loop Quantum Gravity. Part I:


  Conceptual consequences of recent results in loop quantum gravity are
collected and discussed here in view of their implications for a modern
philosophy of science which is mainly understood as one that totalizes
scientific insight so as to eventually achieve a consistent model of what may
be called fundamental heuristics on an onto-epistemic background which is part
of recently proposed transcendental materialism. This enterprise is being
understood as a serious attempt of answering recent appeals to philosophy so as
to provide a conceptual foundation for what is going on in modern physics, and
of bridging the obvious gap between physics and philosophy. This present first
part of the paper deals with foundational aspects of this enterprise, a second
part will deal with its holistic aspects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129545 </DOCNO>
The Very Slow Wind From the Pulsating Semiregular Red Giant L2 Pup


  We have obtained 11.7 and 17.9 micron images at the Keck I telescope of the
circumstellar dust emission from L2 Pup, one of the nearest (D = 61 pc)
mass-losing, pulsating, red giants that has a substantial infrared excess. We
propose that the wind may be driven by the stellar pulsations with radiation
pressure on dust being relatively unimportant, as described in some recent
calculations. L2 Pup may serve as the prototype of this phase of stellar
evolution where it could lose about 15% of its initial main sequence mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127630 </DOCNO>
High-Velocity Cloud Complex C: Galactic Fuel or galactic Waste?


  We present HST GHRS and STIS observations of five QSOs that probe the
prominent high-velocity cloud (HVC) Complex C, covering 10% of the northern
sky. Based upon a single sightline measurement (Mrk 290), a metallicity
[S/H]=-1.05+/-0.12 has been associated with Complex C by Wakker et al.
(1999a,b). When coupled with its inferred distance (5<d<30 kpc) and
line-of-sight velocity (v=-100 to -200 km/s), Complex C appeared to represent
the first direct evidence for infalling low-metallicity gas onto the Milky Way,
which could provide the bulk of the fuel for star formation in the Galaxy. We
have extended the abundance analysis of Complex C to encompass five sightlines.
We detect SII absorption in three targets (Mrk 290, Mrk 817, and Mrk 279); the
resulting [SII/HI] values range from -0.36 (Mrk 279) to -0.48 (Mrk 817) to
-1.10 (Mrk 290). Our preliminary OI FUSE analysis of the Mrk 817 sightline also
supports the conclusion that metallicities as high as 0.3 times solar are
encountered within Complex C. These results complicate an interpretation of
Complex C as infalling low-metallicity Galactic fuel. Ionization corrections
for HII and SIII cannot easily reconcile the higher apparent metallicities
along the Mrk 817 and Mrk 279 sightlines with that seen toward Mrk 290, since
H-alpha emission measures preclude the existence of sufficient HII. If gas
along the other lines of sight has a similar pressure and temperature to that
sampled toward Mrk 290, the predicted H-alpha emission measures would be 900
mR. It may be necessary to reclassify Complex C as mildly enriched Galactic
waste from the Milky Way or processed gas torn from a disrupted neighboring
dwarf, as opposed to low-metallicity Galactic fuel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73182 </DOCNO>
Effective Lagrangian for $\bar{s}bg$ and $\bar{s}b\gamma$ Vertices in


  Complete expressions of the $\bar{s}bg$ and $\bar{s}b\gamma$ vertices are
derived in the framework of supersymmetry with minimal flavor violation. With
the minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) model, a numerical analysis of the
supersymmetric contributions to the Wilson Coefficients at the weak scale is
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6189 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamics of small Fermi systems: quantum statistical fluctuations


  We investigate the probability distribution of the quantum fluctuations of
thermodynamic functions of finite, ballistic, phase-coherent Fermi gases.
Depending on the chaotic or integrable nature of the underlying classical
dynamics, on the thermodynamic function considered, and on temperature, we find
that the probability distributions are dominated either (i) by the local
fluctuations of the single-particle spectrum on the scale of the mean level
spacing, or (ii) by the long-range modulations of that spectrum produced by the
short periodic orbits. In case (i) the probability distributions are computed
using the appropriate local universality class, uncorrelated levels for
integrable systems and random matrix theory for chaotic ones. In case (ii) all
the moments of the distributions can be explicitly computed in terms of
periodic orbit theory, and are system-dependent, non-universal, functions. The
dependence on temperature and number of particles of the fluctuations is
explicitly computed in all cases, and the different relevant energy scales are
displayed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168825 </DOCNO>
Teleportation of rotations and receiver-encoded secret sharing


  We show how an arbitrary qubit rotation can be teleported, albeit
probabilistically, using 1 e-bit of entanglement and one classical bit. We use
this to present a scheme for implementing quantum secret sharing. The scheme
operates essentially by sending a "secret" rotated qubit of information to
several users, who need to cooperate in order to recover the original qubit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 747 </DOCNO>
Prominent bulk pinning effect in the MgB_2 superconductor


  We report the magnetic-field dependence of the irreversible magnetization of
the recently discovered binary superconductor MgB$_{2}$. For the temperature
region of $T< 0.9T_c$, the contribution of the bulk pinning to the
magnetization overwhelms that of the surface pinning. This was evident from the
fact that the magnetization curves, $M(H)$, were well described by the
critical-state model without considering the surface pinning effect. It was
also found that the $M(H)$ curves at various temperatures scaled when the field
and the magnetization were normalized by the characteristic scaling factors
$H^\ast(T)$ and $M^\ast(T)$, respectively. This feature suggests that the
pinning mechanism determining the hysteresis in $M(H)$ is unique below $T=T_c$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125184 </DOCNO>
X-raying Active Galaxies with the New Generation of X-ray Observatories:


  We briefly review X-ray studies of ionized AGN outflows and high-redshift
AGN. We discuss recent progress with Chandra and XMM-Newton as well as
prospects and requirements for future X-ray missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114048 </DOCNO>
Processing Studies of X-Band Accelerator Structures at the NLCTA


  RF processing studies of 1.8-m X-band (11.4 GHz) traveling wave structures at
the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA) have revealed
breakdown-related damage at gradients lower than expected from earlier tests
with standing wave and shorter, lower group velocity traveling wave structures.
To understand this difference, a series of structures with different group
velocities and lengths are being processed. In parallel, efforts are being made
to improve processing procedures and to reduce structure contaminants and
absorbed gases. This paper presents results from these studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86982 </DOCNO>
Classification of String-like Solutions in Dilaton Gravity


  The static string-like solutions of the Abelian Higgs model coupled to
dilaton gravity are analyzed and compared to the non-dilatonic case. Except for
a special coupling between the Higgs Lagrangian and the dilaton, the solutions
are flux tubes that generate a non-asymptotically flat geometry. Any point in
parameter space corresponds to two branches of solutions with two different
asymptotic behaviors. Unlike the non-dilatonic case, where one branch is always
asymptotically conic, in the present case the asymptotic behavior changes
continuously along each branch.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169398 </DOCNO>
Quantum optical coherence tomography with dispersion cancellation


  We propose a new technique, called quantum optical coherence tomography
(QOCT), for carrying out tomographic measurements with dispersion-cancelled
resolution. The technique can also be used to extract the frequency-dependent
refractive index of the medium. QOCT makes use of a two-photon interferometer
in which a swept delay permits a coincidence interferogram to be traced. The
technique bears a resemblance to classical optical coherence tomography (OCT).
However, it makes use of a nonclassical entangled twin-photon light source that
permits measurements to be made at depths greater than those accessible via
OCT, which suffers from the deleterious effects of sample dispersion. Aside
from the dispersion cancellation, QOCT offers higher sensitivity than OCT as
well as an enhancement of resolution by a factor of 2 for the same source
bandwidth. QOCT and OCT are compared using an idealized sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72352 </DOCNO>
Virtual photon fragmentation functions


  We introduce operator definitions for virtual photon fragmentation functions,
which are needed for reliable calculations of Drell-Yan transverse momentum
($Q_T$) distributions when $Q_T$ is much larger than the invariant mass $Q$. We
derive the evolution equations for these fragmentation functions. We calculate
the leading order evolution kernels for partons to fragment into a unpolarized
as well as a polarized virtual photon. We find that fragmentation functions to
a longitudinally polarized virtual photon are most important at small $z$, and
the fragmentation functions to a transversely polarized virtual photon dominate
the large $z$ region. We discuss the implications of this finding to the
J/$\psi$ mesons' polarization at large transverse momentum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41507 </DOCNO>
Study of Charmonium Production and Electroweak Penguins with BABAR


  We report measurements of charmonium resonances (J/Psi, Psi(2S),Chi_c1) using
about 25 fb^-1 of data collected by the BABAR detector around the Upsilon(4S)
resonance. We present measurements of inclusive charmonium production of
charmonium in B decays and from the continuum, as well as exclusive branching
ratios of B mesons into charmonium final states. We present also a measurement
of the B0 -> K*0 gamma branching ratio and a search for the decay B0 -> gamma
gamma.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168416 </DOCNO>
Two-Photon Interferometry for High-Resolution Imaging


  We discuss advantages of using non-classical states of light for two aspects
of optical imaging: creating of miniature images on photosensitive substrates,
which constitutes the foundation for optical lithography, and imaging of micro
objects. In both cases, the classical resolution limit given by the Rayleigh
criterion is approximately a half of the optical wavelength. It has been shown,
however, that by using multi-photon quantum states of the light field, and
multi-photon sensitive material or detector, this limit can be surpassed. We
give a rigorous quantum mechanical treatment of this problem, address some
particularly widespread misconceptions and discuss the requirements for turning
the research on quantum imaging into a practical technology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72687 </DOCNO>
On the 1/Q correction to the C-parameter at two loops


  We provide an analytical calculation at the two loop level of the real
non-abelian contribution to the leading (1/Q) correction to the mean value of
the C parameter in e+e- annihilation, to complement the existing calculation of
the abelian contribution; and we compare the result with the numerical `Milan
factor' obtained using the soft approximation. We find agreement with the
previous results. The use of the pinch technique to separate the various
contributions yields insights into the structure of renormalon-type diagrams in
a non-abelian theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129522 </DOCNO>
The Infall of Gas onto the Galactic Disk


  Ongoing accretion of low-metallicity gas onto the disk is a natural
prediction of semi-analytical Galactic chemical evolution models. This star
formation fuel ameliorates the overproduction of metal-poor G- and K-dwarfs in
the solar neighbourhood which otherwise plague so-called ``closed-box'' models
of Galaxy evolution. Do High-Velocity Clouds (HVCs) represent the source of
this necessary fuel? We know that HVCs provide an important clue as to the
processes governing galaxy formation and evolution - what is less clear is
whether their role lies more closely aligned with cosmology (as relics of the
Local Group's formation) or star formation (as tidal debris from nearby
disrupted dwarfs, or the waste byproducts of disk supernova-driven winds). I
provide a summary of recent speculations as to the origins of HVCs, and
highlight several future projects which will lead to a deeper understanding of
the role they play in galaxy evolution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7541 </DOCNO>
Spin-phonon interaction in doped high-T$_C$ superconductors from density


  Effects of coupling between phonon distortions and stripe-like spin waves in
the CuO plane of HgBa$_2$CuO$_4$ are studied by band calculations. Local
exchange enhancements depend sensitively on the local structure around Cu
sites. Interactions where spin waves have twice as long wave length as phonon
waves can lead to a 'dip' in the density of states (DOS) below the Fermi
energy, $E_F$. This type of interaction is compatible with several seemingly
contradictory observations among high-$T_C$ cuprates, like the isotope effect,
anti-ferromagnetic fluctuations, stripes and pseudogaps. It can also account
for a large $T_C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81395 </DOCNO>
Ginsparg-Wilson fermions: practical aspects and applications


  I review recent progress in the implementation of lattice fermions satisfying
the Ginsparg-Wilson relation and some physical applications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128570 </DOCNO>
Indices for SSPs with enhanced mix of alpha-elements


  In this poster line strength indices for new Single Stellar Populations (SSP)
based on the recent stellar models with chemical compositions enhanced in the
alpha-elements (Salasnich et al. 2000) are presented. The SSP indices have been
calculated taking into account different methods to correct the
"Standard-Worthey Indices" for the real chemical composition of alpha-enhanced
isochrones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95745 </DOCNO>
Generalized Lie bialgebras and Jacobi structures on Lie groups


  We study generalized Lie bialgebroids over a single point, that is,
generalized Lie bialgebras. Lie bialgebras are examples of generalized Lie
bialgebras. Moreover, we prove that the last ones can be considered as the
infinitesimal invariants of Lie groups endowed with a certain type of Jacobi
structures. We also propose a method to obtain generalized Lie bialgebras. It
is a generalization of the Yang-Baxter equation method. Finally, we describe
the structure of a compact generalized Lie bialgebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169462 </DOCNO>
On the physical meaning of the EPR--chameleon experiment


  The physical meaning of the EPR--chameleon experiment proposed in
AcRe00b,AcRe01a, in which the EPR correlations are reproduced by local,
independent, deterministic choices is re-examined. In addition we extend the
mathematical model of AcRe00b,AcRe01a by showing that the dynamics considered
there is effectively the reduced dynamics of a fully reversible evolution. We
also propose a new protocol, more directly corresponding to real experiments,
in which the local computers only send back to the central one the results of
the evaluation of $\pm1$--valued functions. The program to run the experiment
is available from the WEB-page: http://volterra.mat.uniroma2.it.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87276 </DOCNO>
The black hole tunnel phenomenon


  The potentials of spin-weighted wave equations in various Kerr-Newman black
holes are analyzed. They all form singular potential barriers at the event
horizon. Applying the WKB approximation it is shown that no particle can tunnel
out of the interior of a static black hole. However, photons inside a
non-extremely rotating Kerr black hole may tunnel out into the outer space,
whereas neutrinos, electrons, and gravitons may not. If the rotation is
extremal, any particle may tunnel out, under restrictive conditions. It is
unknown whether photons and gravitons may tunnel out if the black hole is
charged and rotating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76634 </DOCNO>
Quark Number Susceptibility in Hard Thermal Loop Approximation


  We calculate the quark number susceptibility in the deconfined phase of QCD
using the hard thermal loop (HTL) approximation for the quark propagator. This
improved perturbation theory takes into account important medium effects such
as thermal quark masses and Landau damping in the quark-gluon plasma. We
explicitly show that the Landau damping part in the quark propagator for
spacelike quark momenta does not contribute to the quark number susceptibility
due to the quark number conservation. We find that the quark number
susceptibility only due to the collective quark modes deviates from that of
free one around the critical temperature but approaches free results at
infinite temperature limit. The results are in conformity with recent lattice
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40991 </DOCNO>
Excited Heavy-Light Systems and Hadronic Transitions


  A detailed study of orbital and radial excited states in D, Ds, B and B_s
systems is performed. The chiral quark model provides the framework for the
calculation of pseudoscalar meson (pi, K, ...) hadronic transitions among
heavy-light excited and ground states. To calculate the excited states masses
and wavefunctions, we must resort to a relativistic quark model. Our model
includes the leading order corrections in 1/m_(c,b) (e.g. mixing). Numerical
results for masses and light hadronic transition rates are compared to existing
experimental data. The effective coupling of the chiral quark model can be
determined by comparing with independent results from lattice simulations
(g^8_A = 0.53 +-/- 0.11) or fitting to known widths (g^8_A = 0.82 +-/- 0.09).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1333 </DOCNO>
Counting statistics of charge pumping in an open system


  Electron counting statistics of a current pump in an open system has
universal form in the weak pumping current regime. In the time domain, charge
transmission is described by two uncorrelated Poisson processes, corresponding
to electron transmission in the right and left direction. Overall noise is
super-poissonian, and can be reduced to poissonian by tuning the amplitude and
phase of driving signal so that current to noise ratio is maximized. Measuring
noise in this regime provides a new method for determining charge quantum in an
open system without any fitting parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41538 </DOCNO>
Search for Single Top Quark Production at LEP2


  A search for single top quark production via flavour changing neutral
currents (FCNC) was performed with data collected by the OPAL detector at the
e+e- collider LEP. Approximately 600 pb-1 of data collected at sqrt(s) = 189 -
209 GeV were used to search for the FCNC process e+ e- -> tc(u) -> bWc(u). This
analysis is sensitive to the leptonic and the hadronic decay modes of the W
boson. No evidence for a FCNC process is observed. Upper limits at the 95%
confidence level on the single top production cross-section as a function of
the centre-of-mass energy are derived. Limits on the anomalous coupling
parameters kappa_gamma and kappa_Z are determined from these results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179464 </DOCNO>
Photons from Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at Ultra-Relativistic Energies


  We compare the photon emission rates from hot hadronic matter with in-medium
mass shift and Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). It is observed that the WA98 data can
be well reproduced by hadronic initial state with initial temperature $\sim
200$ MeV if the universal scaling of temperature dependent hadronic masses are
assumed and the evolution of temperature with time is taken from transport
model or (3+1) dimensional hydrodynamics. The data can also be reproduced by
QGP initial state with similar initial temperature and non-zero initial radial
velocity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129085 </DOCNO>
Influence of Rotation on Pulsar Radiation Characteristics


  We present a relativistic model for pulsar radio emission by including the
effect of rotation on coherent curvature radiation by bunches. We find that
rotation broadens the width of leading component compared to the width of
trailing component. We estimate the component widths in the average pulse
profiles of about 24 pulsars, and find that 19 of them have a broader leading
component. We explain this difference in the component widths by using the
nested cone emission geometry.
  We estimate the effect of pulsar spin on the Stokes parameters, and find that
the inclination between the rotation and magnetic axes can introduce an
asymmetry in the circular polarization of the conal components. We analyze the
single pulse polarization data of PSR B0329+54 at 606 MHz, and find that in its
conal components, one sense of circular polarization dominates in the leading
component while the other sense dominates in the trailing component. Our
simulation shows that changing the sign of the impact parameter changes the
sense of circular polarization as well as the swing of polarization angle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126614 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Systematic Effects and Statistical Uncertainties in Angular


  The angular distribution of galaxies encodes a wealth of information about
large scale structure. Ultimately, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will
record the angular positions of order 10^8 galaxies in five bands, adding
significantly to the cosmological constraints. This is the first in a series of
papers analyzing a rectangular stripe 2.5x90 degrees from early SDSS data. We
present the angular correlation function for galaxies in four separate
magnitude bins on angular scales ranging from 0.003 degrees to 15 degrees. Much
of the focus of this paper is on potential systematic effects. We show that the
final galaxy catalog -- with the mask accounting for regions of poor seeing,
reddening, bright stars, etc. -- is free from external and internal systematic
effects for galaxies brighter than r* = 22. Our estimator of the angular
correlation function includes the effects of the integral constraint and the
mask. The full covariance matrix of errors in these estimates is derived using
mock catalogs with further estimates using a number of other methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7477 </DOCNO>
Halide Adsorption on Single-crystal Silver Substrates: Dynamic


  We investigate the static and dynamic behaviors of a Br adlayer
electrochemically deposited onto single-crystal Ag(100) using an off-lattice
model of the adlayer. Unlike previous studies using a lattice-gas model, the
off-lattice model allows adparticles to be located at any position within a
two-dimensional approximation to the substrate. Interactions with the substrate
are approximated by a corrugation potential. Using Density Functional Theory
(DFT) to calculate surface binding energies, a sinusoidal approximation to the
corrugation potential is constructed. A variety of techniques, including Monte
Carlo and Langevin simulations, are used to study the behavior of the adlayer.
The lateral root-mean-square (rms) deviation of the adparticles from the
binding sites is presented along with equilibrium coverage isotherms, and the
thermally activated Arrhenius barrier-hopping model used in previous dynamic
Monte Carlo simulations is tested.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86188 </DOCNO>
On the Riemannian and Einstein-Weyl Geometry in Theory of the Second


  Some properties of the 4-dim Riemannian spaces with metrics $$
ds^2=2(za_3-ta_4)dx^2+4(za_2-ta_3)dxdy+2(za_1-ta_2)dy^2+2dxdz+2dydt $$
associated with the second order nonlinear differential equations $$
y''+a_{1}(x,y){y'}^3+3a_{2}(x,y){y'}^2+3a_{3}(x,y)y'+a_{4}(x,y)=0 $$ with
arbitrary coefficients $a_{i}(x,y)$ and 3-dim Einstein-Weyl spaces connected
with dual equations $$ b''=g(a,b,b') $$ where the function $g(a,b,b')$
satisfied the partial differential equation $$
g_{aacc}+2cg_{abcc}+2gg_{accc}+c^2g_{bbcc}+2cgg_{bccc}+
g^2g_{cccc}+(g_a+cg_b)g_{ccc}-4g_{abc}- $$ $$
 -4cg_{bbc} -cg_{c}g_{bcc}- 3gg_{bcc}-g_cg_{acc}+ 4g_cg_{bc}-3g_bg_{cc}+6g_{bb}
=0 $$ are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73274 </DOCNO>
High Energy Neutrino Fluxes from Cosmic Accelerators


  We constrain high-energy neutrino fluxes with the observed cosmic ray and
gamma ray fluxes, include flavor oscillations and propagation through Earth,
and show that blazars could possibly be detected by cubic-kilometer neutrino
telescopes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5864 </DOCNO>
Improved percolation thresholds for rods in three-dimensional boxes


  We improve our previous results for the percolation thresholds of
isotropically oriented rods in three dimensional boxes. We prove again the
applicability of the excluded volume rule in the slender-rod limit
(radius/length -> 0). Other limits for the rod sizes are discussed and
important finite-size effects are revealed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74762 </DOCNO>
Parton densities and structure functions at next-to-next-to-leading


  We summarize recent results on the evolution of unpolarized parton densities
and deep-inelastic structure functions in massless perturbative QCD. Due to
last year's extension of the integer-moment calculations of the three-loop
splitting functions, the NNLO evolution of the parton distributions can now be
performed reliably at momentum fractions x >= 10^-4, facilitating a
considerably improved theoretical accuracy of their extraction from data on
deep-inelastic scattering. The NNLO corrections are not dominated, at relevant
values of x, by their leading small-x terms. At large x the splitting-function
series converges very rapidly, hence, employing results on the three-loop
coefficient functions, the structure functions can be analysed at N^3LO for x >
10^-2. The resulting values for alpha_s do not significantly change beyond
NNLO, their renormalization scale dependence reaches about +-1% at N^3LO.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1944 </DOCNO>
Influence of the Environment Fluctuations on Incoherent Neutron


  In extending the conventional dynamic models, we consider a simple model to
account for the environment fluctuations of particle atoms in a protein system
and derive the elastic incoherent structure factor (EISF) and the incoherent
scattering correlation function C(Q,t) for both the jump dynamics between sites
with fluctuating site interspacing and for the diffusion inside a fluctuating
sphere. We find that the EISF of the system (or the normalized elastic
intensity) is equal to that in the absence of fluctuations averaged over the
distribution of site interspacing or sphere radius a. The scattering
correlation function is $C(Q,t)=\sum_{n}<{\rm e}^{-\lambda_n(a) t}> \psi(t)$,
where the average is taken over the Q-dependent effective distribution of
relaxation rates \lambda_n(a) and \psi(t) is the correlation function of the
length a. When \psi(t)=1, the relaxation of C(Q,t) is exponential for the jump
dynamics between sites (since \lambda_n(a) is independent of a) while it is
nonexponential for diffusion inside a sphere.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96319 </DOCNO>
Projection operator method for quantum groups


  In these lectures we develop the projection operator method for quantum
groups. Here the term "quantum groups" means q-deformed universal enveloping
algebras of contragredient Lie (super)algebras of finite growth. Contains of
the lectures can be divided on two parts. Basis fragments of the first part
are: combinatorial structure of root systems, the q-analog of the Cartan-Weyl
basis, the extremal projector and the universal R-matrix for any contragredient
Lie (super)algebra of finite growth. The explicit expressions for the extremal
projectors and the universal R-matrices are ordered products of special
q-series depending on noncommutative Cartan-Weyl generators. In second part we
consider some applications of the extremal projectors. Here we use the
projector operator method to develop the theory of the Clebsch-Gordan
coefficients for the quantum algebras U_q(su(2)) and U_q(su(3)). In particular,
we give a very compact general formula for the canonical U_q(su(3))\supset
U_q(su(2)) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients in terms of the U_q(su(2)) Wigner
3nj-symbols which are connected with the basic hyperheometric series. Then we
apply the projection operator method for the construction of the q-analog of
the Gelfand-Tsetlin basis for U_q(su(n)). Finally using analogy between the
extremal projector p(U_q(sl(2))) of the quantum algebra U_q(sl(2)) and the
\delta(x)-function we introduce 'adjoint extremal projectors'
p^{(n)}(U_q(sl(2)) (n=1,2,...) which are some generalizations of the extremal
projector p(U_q(sl(2))), and which are analogies of the derivatives of the
\delta(x)-function, \delta^{(n)}(x).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149489 </DOCNO>
The non-abelian open superstring effective action through order


  Using the method developed in {\tt hep-th/0103015}, we determine the
non-abelian Born-Infeld action through ${\cal O}(\alpha'{}^3)$. We start from
solutions to a Yang-Mills theory which define a stable holomorphic vector
bundle. Subsequently we investigate its deformation away from this limit.
Through $ {\cal O}(\alpha'{}^2)$, a unique, modulo field redefinitions,
solution emerges. At $ {\cal O}(\alpha'{}^3)$ we find a one-parameter family of
allowed deformations. The presence of derivative terms turns out to be
essential. Finally, we present a detailed comparison of our results to
existing, partial results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98148 </DOCNO>
On a theorem of Goussarov


  In this paper, the easier methods of my thesis are applied to give a simple
proof of a theorem of Goussarov. The theorem relates two possible notions of
finite type equivalence of knots, links or string links, showing that the
resulting filtrations are the same up to a degree shift by a factor of two.
This is then applied to the situation of rooted claspers to show that rooted
claspers of sufficiently high degree must preserve type k invariants. As a
consequence, grope cobordisms of sufficiently high class must preserve type k
invariants. This result is applied in math.GT/0012118, to show Theorem 2 of
that paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168568 </DOCNO>
Clock synchronization with dispersion cancellation


  The dispersion cancellation feature of pulses which are entangled in
frequency is employed to synchronize clocks of distant parties. The proposed
protocol is insensitive to the pulse distortion caused by transit through a
dispersive medium. Since there is cancellation to all orders, also the effects
of slowly fluctuating dispersive media are compensated. The experimental setup
can be realized with currently available technology, at least for a proof of
principle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179147 </DOCNO>
Semiempirical Shell Model Tabulated Masses for Translead Elements with


  We present two tables of calculated masses of translead nuclei, for 351
nuclei with N from 94 to 126 and Z from 82 to 100, and for 1969 nuclei with N
from 126 to 184 and Z from 82 to 126. The tables are calculated from a
semiempirical shell-model mass equation based on Z = 126 as a proton magic
number which seems to be highly extrapolatable inside shell regions. Useful
separation and decay energies are given as well. Some properties of the
calculated masses and applications to superheavy elements are indicated in the
introduction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75735 </DOCNO>
Gravitational dipole radiations from binary systems


  We investigate the possibility of generating sizeable dipole radiations in
relativistic theories of gravity. Optimal parameters to observe their effects
through the orbital period decay of binary star systems are discussed.
Constraints on gravitational couplings beyond general relativity are derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3258 </DOCNO>
Dzyaloshinski-Moriya Interaction in the 2D Spin Gap System SrCu2(BO3)2


  The Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction partially lifts the magnetic frustration
of the spin-1/2 oxide SrCu2(BO3)2. It explains the fine structure of the
excited triplet state and its unusual magnetic field dependence, as observed in
previous ESR and new neutron inelastic scattering experiments. We claim that it
is mainly responsible for the dispersion. We propose also a new mechanism for
the observed ESR transitions forbidden by standard selection rules, that relies
on an instantaneous Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction induced by spin-phonon
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168119 </DOCNO>
Conditional large Fock state preparation and field state reconstruction


  We propose a scheme for producing large Fock states in Cavity QED via the
implementation of a highly selective atom-field interaction. It is based on
Raman excitation of a three-level atom by a classical field and a quantized
field mode. Selectivity appears when one tunes to resonance a specific
transition inside a chosen atom-field subspace, while other transitions remain
dispersive, as a consequence of the field dependent electronic energy shifts.
We show that this scheme can be also employed for reconstructing, in a new and
efficient way, the Wigner function of the cavity field state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128245 </DOCNO>
Interstellar Turbulence: II. Energy Spectra of Molecular Regions in the


  The multivariate tool of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to 23
fields in the FCRAO CO Survey of the Outer Galaxy. PCA enables the
identification of line profile differences which are assumed to be generated
from fluctuations within a turbulent velocity field. The variation of these
velocity differences with spatial scale within a molecular region is described
by a singular power law, delta v= c L^alpha which can be used as a powerful
diagnostic to turbulent motions. For the ensemble of 23 fields, we find a mean
value alpha = 0.62 +- 0.11. From a recent calibration of this method using
fractal Brownian motion simulations (Brunt & Heyer 2001), the measured velocity
difference-size relationship corresponds to an energy spectrum, E(k), which
varies as k^-beta, where beta = 2.17 +- 0.31. We compare our results to both
decaying and forced hydrodynamic simulations of turbulence. We conclude that
energy must be continually injected into the regions to replenish that lost by
dissipative processes such as shocks. The absence of large, widely distributed
shocks within the targeted fields suggests that the energy is injected at
spatial scales less than several pc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3731 </DOCNO>
(13)C NMR investigation of the superconductor MgCNi_3 up to 800K


  We report (13)C NMR characterization of the new superconductor MgCNi_3 (He et
al., Nature (411), 54 (2001)). We found that both the uniform spin
susceptibility and the spin fluctuations show a strong enhancement with
decreasing temperature, and saturate below ~50K and ~20K respectively. The
nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/(13)T_1T exhibits typical behaviour for
isotropic s-wave superconductivity with a coherence peak below Tc=7.0K that
grows with decreasing magnetic field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128904 </DOCNO>
Linear and Second-Order Evolution of Cosmic Baryon Perturbations below


  Studies of the growth of cosmic perturbations are typically focused on
galactic scales and above. In this paper we investigate the evolution of
perturbations in baryons, photons, and dark matter for masses below 10^6
M_\odot (or wavenumbers above 100 Mpc^-1). Fluctuations on these scales are of
interest and importance because they grow to become the earliest collapsed
objects and provide the first light sources in the so called dark ages. We
investigate both the linear evolution and the second-order nonlinear effects
arising from the coupling of large-scale velocity fields to small-scale
perturbations in the baryon density and the electron ionization fraction. We
find that this second order nonlinear coupling dominates the growth of
perturbations with masses \la 10^3 M_\odot immediately after recombination,
enhancing the baryon fluctuation amplitudes by a factor of ~ 5, but the
nonlinear effect does not persist at late times.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74799 </DOCNO>
Photon Propagation in Space-Time with a Compactified Spatial Dimension


  The one-loop effects of vacuum polarization induced by untwisted fermions in
QED in a nonsimply connected space-time with topology $S^{1}\times R^{3}$ are
investigated. It is found that photon propagation in this system is
anisotropic, appearing several massive photon modes and a superluminal
transverse mode. For small compactification radius $a$, the superluminal
velocity increases logarithmically with $a$. At low energies the photon masses
lead to an effective confinement of the gauge fields into a (2+1)-dimensional
manifold transverse to the compactified direction. The system shows a
topologically induced directional superconductivity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127579 </DOCNO>
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: A targeted study of catalogued clusters


  We have carried out a study of known clusters within the 2dF Galaxy Redshift
Survey (2dFGRS) observed areas and have identified 431 Abell, 173 APM and 343
EDCC clusters. Precise redshifts, velocity dispersions and new centroids have
been measured for the majority of these objects, and this information has been
used to study the completeness of these catalogues, the level of contamination
from foreground and background structures along the cluster's line of sight,
the space density of the clusters as a function of redshift, and their velocity
dispersion distributions. We find that the Abell and EDCC catalogues are
contaminated at the level of about 10%, whereas the APM catalogue suffers only
5% contamination. If we use the original catalog centroids, the level of
contamination rises to approximately 15% for the Abell and EDCC catalogues,
showing that the presence of foreground and background groups may alter the
richness of clusters in these catalogues. There is a deficiency of clusters at
$z \sim 0.05$ that may correspond to a large underdensity in the Southern
hemisphere. From the cumulative distribution of velocity dispersions for these
clusters, we derive an upper limit to the space density of $\sigma > 1000 \kms$
clusters of $3.6 \times 10^{-6} \hdens$. This result is used to constrain
models for structure formation; our data favour low-density cosmologies,
subject to the usual assumptions concerning the shape and normalization of the
power spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75874 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions of the equation for composite scalar particles in


  The equation is considered for a composite scalar particle with
polarizabilities in an external quantized electromagnetic plane wave. This
equation is reduced to a system of equations for infinite number of interacting
oscillators. After diagonalization, we come to equations for free oscillators.
As a result, exact solutions of the equation for a particle are found in a
plane quantized electromagnetic wave of the arbitrary polarization. As a
particular case, the solution for monochromatic electromagnetic waves is
considered. The relativistic coherent states of a particle are constructed in
the case of the Poisson distribution of photon numbers. In the limit when the
average photon number $<n>$ and the volume $V$ of the quantization trend to
infinity (but the photon density $<n>/V$ remains constant), the wavefunction
converts to the solution corresponding to the external classical
electromagnetic wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148629 </DOCNO>
N=4 Super-Yang-Mills Equations In Harmonic Superspace


  We analyze the superfield equations of the 4-dimensional N=4 SYM-theory using
light-cone gauge conditions and the harmonic-superspace approach. The harmonic
superfield equations of motion are drastically simplified in this gauge, in
particular, the basic harmonic-superfield matrices and the corresponding
harmonic analytic gauge connections become nilpotent on-shell.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74856 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis via Collisions: Leaking Lepton Number to the Hidden Sector


  We propose a lepto-baryogenesis mechanism in which the non-zero B-L of the
universe is produced in out-of-equilibrium, lepton number and CP violating
scattering processes that convert ordinary particles into particles of some
hidden sector. In particular, we consider the processes $l \phi > l' \phi',
\bar l' \bar phi'$ mediated by the heavy Majorana neutrinos $N$ of the seesaw
mechanism, where $l$ and $\phi$ are ordinary lepton and Higgs doublets and
$l'$, $\phi'$ their hidden counterparts. Such a leptogenesis mechanism is
effective even if the reheating temperature is much smaller than the heavy
neutrino masses. In particular, it can be as low as $10^{9}$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84000 </DOCNO>
The SDSS SkyServer, Public Access to the Sloan Digital Sky Server Data


  The SkyServer provides Internet access to the public Sloan Digital Sky Survey
(SDSS) data for both astronomers and for science education. This paper
describes the SkyServer goals and architecture. It also describes our
experience operating the SkyServer on the Internet. The SDSS data is public and
well-documented so it makes a good test platform for research on database
algorithms and performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6318 </DOCNO>
Anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic semiconductors


  We present a theory of the anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic (Mn,III)V
semiconductors. Our theory relates the anomalous Hall conductance of a
homogeneous ferromagnet to the Berry phase acquired by a quasiparticle
wavefunction upon traversing closed paths on the spin-split Fermi surface of a
ferromagnetic state. It can be applied equally well to any itinerant electron
ferromagnet. The quantitative agreement between our theory and experimental
data in both (In,Mn)As and (Ga,Mn)As systems suggests that this disorder
independent contribution to the anomalous Hall conductivity dominates in
diluted magnetic semiconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96531 </DOCNO>
Jacobi fields along harmonic 2-spheres in ${\bf C}P^2$ are integrable


  We show that any Jacobi field along a harmonic map from the 2-sphere to the
complex projective plane is integrable (i.e., is tangent to a smooth variation
through harmonic maps). This provides one of the few known answers to this
problem of integrability, which was raised in different contexts of geometry
and analysis. It implies that the Jacobi fields form the tangent bundle to each
component of the manifold of harmonic maps from $S^2$ to ${\bf C}P^2$ thus
giving the nullity of any such harmonic map; it also has bearing on the
behaviour of weakly harmonic $E$-minimizing maps from a 3-manifold to ${\bf
C}P^2$ near a singularity and the structure of the singular set of such maps
from any manifold to ${\bf C}P^2$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114330 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of the DELTA Control System


  This paper is about reaching EPICS with the DELTA Control System and other
projects in the DELTA Control System.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179583 </DOCNO>
Formation of superheavy elements in heavy-ion collisions


  The cold fusion reactions related to 208Pb and 209Bi targets leading to
superheavy elements (SHE) with Z=104-112 have been successfully considered in
our model recently. Here we briefly discuss this model and extend our
consideration to fusion reactions between similar target and projectile. The
reactions between weakly deformed target close to Pb and 76Ge, 82Se projectiles
are also studied. The available experimental cross-sections are well described.
The nucleus-nucleus interaction potential for reactions leading to SHEs are
shortly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75291 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric Model of Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and Neutrino


  We propose the novel lepton-number relationship $L_\tau = L_e + L_\mu$, which
is uniquely realized by the interaction $(\hat \nu_e \hat \mu - \hat e \hat
\nu_\mu) \hat \tau^c$ in supersymmetry and may account for a possibly large
muon anomalous magnetic moment. Neutrino masses (with bimaximal mixing) may be
generated from the spontaneous and soft breaking of this lepton symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4031 </DOCNO>
Relaxation of an Electron System : Conserving Approximation


  Paper has been withdrawn.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41789 </DOCNO>
Solar Neutrino Zenith Angle Distribution and Uncertainty in Earth Matter


  We estimate in this paper the errors in the zenith angle distribution for the
charged current events of the solar neutrinos caused by the uncertainty of the
earth electron density. In the model of PREM with a 5% uncertainty in the earth
electron density we numerically calculate the corrections to the correlation
between $ [N]_5 /[N]_2 $ and $ [N]_2 /[N]_3 $, and find the errors notable.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125341 </DOCNO>
A turbulent MHD model for molecular clouds and a new method of accretion


  We describe the results of a sequence of simulations of gravitational
collapse in a turbulent magnetized region. The parameters are chosen to be
representative of molecular cloud material. We find that several protostellar
cores and filamentary structures of higher than average density form. The
filaments inter-connect the high density cores. Furthermore, the magnetic field
strengths are found to correlate positively with the density, in agreement with
recent observations. We make synthetic channel maps of the simulations and show
that material accreting onto the cores is channelled along the magnetized
filamentary structures. This is compared with recent observations of S106, and
shown to be consistent with these data. We postulate that this mechanism of
accretion along filaments may provide a means for molecular cloud cores to grow
to the point where they become gravitationally unstable and collapse to form
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179610 </DOCNO>
Ground State Correlations and Final State Interactions in Two-Nucleon


  The two nucleon emission process from ^3He, ^3He(e,e'N_2N_3)N_1, has been
theoretically analyzed using realistic three-nucleon wave functions and taking
the final state interaction into account. Various kinematical conditions have
been considered in order to clarify the question whether the effects of the
final state interaction could be minimized by a proper choice of the kinematics
of the process.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149226 </DOCNO>
The Multiplicative Anomaly of Regularized Functional Determinants


  The multiplicative anomaly related to the functional regularized determinants
involving products of elliptic operators is introduced and some of its
properties discussed. Its relevance concerning the mathematical consistency is
stressed. With regard to its possible physical relevance, some examples are
illustrated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168498 </DOCNO>
Covariant localizations in the torus and the phase observables


  We describe all the localization observables of a quantum particle in a
one-dimensional box in terms of sequences of unit vectors in a Hilbert space.
An alternative representation in terms of positive semidefinite complex
matrices is furnished and the commutative localizations are singled out. As a
consequence, we also get a vector sequence characterization of the covariant
phase observables.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73453 </DOCNO>
Prototype Graphs for radiative Corrections to Polarized Chargino or


  We present the contributions from all types of one-loop corrections to the
scattering amplitude for the pair production of polarized charginos or
neutralinos from polarized electron-positron annihilation. The contributions
are classified in terms of ``prototypes'' distinguished by the number of
particles inside the loops and their spins. The results are quoted in terms of
the Veltman-Passarino functions in terms of general couplings and internal
masses. The results can therefore be applied to any supersymmetric extension of
the Standard Model or indeed to any polarized fermion pair production process
in electron-positron annihilation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129384 </DOCNO>
On the primordial helium content: CMB and stellar constraints


  We present the results of a joint investigation aimed at constraining the
primordial He content ($Y_P$) on the basis of both the Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB) anisotropy and two stellar observables, namely the tip of the
Red Giant Branch (TRGB) and the luminosity of the Zero Age Horizontal Branch
(ZAHB). Current baryon density estimates based on CMB measurements cover a wide
range values $0.009\la \Omega_bh^2 \la 0.045$, that according to Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis (BBN) models would imply $0.24\la Y_P \la 0.26$. We constructed
several sets of evolutionary tracks and HB models by adopting $Y_P=0.26$ and
several metal contents. The comparison between theory and observations suggests
that ZAHB magnitudes based on He-enhanced models are 1.5$\sigma$ brighter than
the empirical ones. The same outcome applies for the TRGB bolometric
magnitudes. This finding somewhat supports a $Y_P$ abundance close to the
canonical 0.23-0.24 value. More quantitative constraints on this parameter are
hampered by the fact that the CMB pattern shows a sizable dependence on both
$Y_P$ and the baryon density only at small angular scales, i.e. at high l in
the power spectrum ($l\ga 100$). However, this region of the power spectrum
could be still affected by deceptive systematic uncertainties. Finally, we
suggest to use the {\em UV-upturn} to estimate the He content on Gpc scales. In
fact, we find that a strong increase in $Y_P$ causes in metal-poor, hot HB
structures a decrease in the UV emission.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98229 </DOCNO>
Closed-form sums for some perturbation series involving associated


  Infinite series sum_{n=1}^infty {(alpha/2)_n / (n n!)}_1F_1(-n, gamma, x^2),
where_1F_1(-n, gamma, x^2)={n!_(gamma)_n}L_n^(gamma-1)(x^2), appear in the
first-order perturbation correction for the wavefunction of the generalized
spiked harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian H = -d^2/dx^2 + B x^2 + A/x^2 +
lambda/x^alpha 0 <= x < infty, alpha, lambda > 0, A >= 0. It is proved that the
series is convergent for all x > 0 and 2 gamma > alpha, where gamma = 1 +
(1/2)sqrt(1+4A). Closed-form sums are presented for these series for the cases
alpha = 2, 4, and 6. A general formula for finding the sum for alpha/2 = 2 + m,
m = 0,1,2, ..., in terms of associated Laguerre polynomials, is also provided.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128566 </DOCNO>
Is There an Advection-Dominated Accretion Flow in Radio Galaxies with


  In order to examine the prediction that the broad-line radio galaxies (BLRGs)
with double-peaked Balmer lines harbor an accretion disk characterized by an
advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) in their nuclei, we investigate
narrow emission-line flux ratios of the narrow-line regions which are
photoionized by the nuclear continuum radiation. We compile data from the
literature and confirm the pioneering work of Eracleous & Halpern that the
BLRGs with the double-peaked Balmer emission exhibit larger flux ratios of both
[O I]6300/[O III]5007 and [O II]3727/[O III]5007 than the BLRGs without the
double-peaked Balmer emission. To examine whether or not these properties are
attributed to the difference in the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the
ionizing radiation between the BLRGs with and without the double-peaked Balmer
emission, we perform photoionization model calculations using two types of
input continuum radiation; one has the strong big blue bump which is expected
for standard optically-thick accretion disks and another does not exhibit a
strong big blue bump as expected for optically-thin ADAFs. We find that the
data of the BLRGs with the double-peaked Balmer lines are consistent with the
models adopting the SED without a strong big blue bump while the data of the
BLRGs without the double-peaked emission lines are well described by the models
adopting the SED with a strong big blue bump. On the other hand, the observed
differences in the NLR emission is hard to be explain by the difference in the
contribution of shocks. These results support the idea that the double-peaked
Balmer lines arise at an outer region of an accretion disk which is illuminated
by an inner, geometrically-thick ADAF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128460 </DOCNO>
HST Imaging in the Chandra Deep Field South: II. WFPC2 Observations of


  We present HST/WFPC2 observations of a well-defined sample of 40 X-ray
sources with X-ray fluxes above the detection threshold of the full 1 Msec
Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). The sensitivity and spatial resolution of our
HST observations are sufficient to detect the optical counterparts of 37 of the
X-ray sources, yielding information on their morphologies and environments. In
this paper we extend the results obtained in our previous study on the 300 ks
CDFS X-ray data (Schreier et al. 2001, Paper I). Specifically, we show that the
optical counterparts to the X-ray sources are divided into two distinct
populations: 1) an optically faint group with relatively blue colors, similar
to the faint blue field galaxy population, and 2) an optically brighter group,
including resolved galaxies with average colors significantly redder than the
corresponding bright field galaxy population. The brighter objects comprise a
wide range of types, including early and late type galaxies, starbursts, and
AGN. By contrast, we show that the faint blue X-ray population are most
consistent with being predominantly Type 2 AGN of low to moderate luminosity,
located at higher redshifts (z ~ 1 - 2). This conclusion is supported by
luminosity function models of the various classes of objects. Hence, the
combination of deep X-ray data with the high spatial resolution of HST are for
the first time allowing us to probe the faint end of the AGN luminosity
function at cosmologically interesting redshifts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76445 </DOCNO>
QCD Baryons in the 1/N_c Expansion


  The 1/N_c expansion provides a theoretical method for analyzing the
spin-flavor symmetry properties of baryons in QCD that is quantitative,
systematic and predictive. An exact spin-flavor symmetry exists for large-N_c
baryons, whereas for QCD baryons, the spin-flavor symmetry is approximate and
is broken by corrections proportional to the symmetry-breaking parameter 1/N_c
= 1/3. The 1/N_c expansion predicts a hierarchy of spin and flavor symmetry
relations for QCD baryons that is observed in nature. It provides a
quantitative understanding of why some SU(3) flavor symmetry relations in the
baryon sector, such as the Gell-Mann--Okubo mass formula, are satisfied to a
greater precision than expected from flavor symmetry-breaking suppression
factors alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97946 </DOCNO>
Unital associative pseudoalgebras and their representations


  Pseudoalgebras, introduced in [BDK], are multi-dimensional analogues of
conformal algebras, which provide an axiomatic description of the singular part
of the operator product expansion.
  Our main interest in this paper is the pseudoalgebra Cend_n, which is the
analogue of an algebra of endomorphisms of a finite module. We study its
algebraic properties. In particular, we introduce the class of unital
pseudoalgebras and describe their structure and representations. Also, we
classify pseudoalgebras algebraically similar to Cend_n.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113373 </DOCNO>
Absolute Frequency Measurements of the Hg^+ and Ca Optical Clock


  The frequency comb created by a femtosecond mode-locked laser and a
microstructured fiber is used to phase coherently measure the frequencies of
both the Hg^+ and Ca optical standards with respect to the SI second as
realized at NIST. We find the transition frequencies to be f_Hg=1 064 721 609
899 143(10) Hz and f_Ca=455 986 240 494 158(26) Hz, respectively. In addition
to the unprecedented precision demonstrated here, this work is the precursor to
all-optical atomic clocks based on the Hg^+ and Ca standards. Furthermore, when
combined with previous measurements, we find no time variations of these atomic
frequencies within the uncertainties of |(df_Ca/dt)/f_Ca| < 8 x 10^{-14}
yr^{-1}, and |(df_Hg/dt)/f_Hg|< 30 x 10^{-14} yr^{-1}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96926 </DOCNO>
Quantum solvable algebras. Ideals and representations at roots of 1


  There studed correspondence between symplectic leaves, irreducible
representations and prime ideals, which is invariant with respect to quantum
adjoint action. The Conjecture of De Concini-Kac-Procesi on dimensions of
irreducible representations is proved for sufficiently great $l$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41393 </DOCNO>
Search for New Heavy Particles in the WZ Final State in Proton


  We present a search for new heavy particles, $X$, which decay via $X
rightarrow WZ \to e\nu +jj$ in $p{\bar p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.8$ TeV.
No evidence is found for production of $X$ in 110 pb$^{-1}$ of data collected
by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Limits are set at the 95% C.L. on the
mass and the production of new heavy charged vector bosons which decay via
$W'\to WZ$ in extended gauge models as a function of the width, $Gamma (W')$,
and mixing factor between the $W'$ and the Standard Model $W$ bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113403 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a Planar Waveguide for an X-Ray Radiation


  A simple model of X-Ray standing waves (XSW) formation in the slit of a
planar waveguide of X-Ray radiation beam for the angle area restricted by the
critical total reflection angle is developed. It is shown that the model is
true for a case of the Bragg reflection. The conditions required for XSW to
appear in the space between two polished parallel plane plates are formulated
and a slit size interval conforming to these conditions is evaluated. A
mechanism of a XSW intensity decrease in a planar waveguide is proposed. This
mechanism explains a high efficiency of slitless collimator application for the
transportation of narrow X-Ray beams.
  Some recommendations on the application of the planar X-Ray waveguide in
X-Ray structural and spectral studies of surface are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169292 </DOCNO>
The generation of an entangled four-photon state from two pairs of


  We present a scheme to produce an entangled four-photon state from two pairs
of entangled two-photon states. Such entangled four-photon states are
equivalent to the quantum state of two maximally entangled spin-1 particles.
The scheme can also be generated to prepare an entangled 2N-photon state from N
pairs of entangled two-photon states. Such multi-photon states play a crucial
role in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics versus local realism and in many
quantum information and quantum computation schemes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5715 </DOCNO>
Simulating Quantum Dissipation in Many-Body Systems


  An efficient Path Integral Monte Carlo procedure is proposed to simulate the
behavior of quantum many-body dissipative systems described within the
framework of the influence functional. Thermodynamic observables are obtained
by Monte Carlo sampling of the partition function after discretization and
Fourier transformation in imaginary time of the dynamical variables. The method
is tested extensively for model systems, using realistic dissipative kernels.
Results are also compared with the predictions of a recently proposed
semiclassical approximation, thus testing the reliability of the latter
approach for weak quantum coupling. Our numerical method opens the possibility
to quantitatively describe real quantum dissipative systems as, e.g., Josephson
junction arrays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127584 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Early Universe with XMM-Newton


  The question of the X-ray background has been largely settled over the last
10 years using the ROSAT satellite. About 70-80 % of the soft X-ray background
was resolved into discrete sources, which are mainly X-ray and optically
unobscured AGNs (Quasars, Sy1). Furthermore we found already several obscured
AGNs in deep ROSAT surveys, which are predicted by the population synthesis
models for the X-ray background, based on the unified AGN schemes. However,
deep X-ray surveys using Chandra} and XMM-Newton allow to test the reliability
of these models, which seem to be still far from unique. Recent observations
with Chandra and XMM-Newton have resolved most of the hard X-ray background
into discrete sources. The first deep XMM-Newton survey was performed in the
Lockman Hole region, one of the sky areas best studied over a wide wavelength
range. About 100 ksec good exposure time have been accumulated with the EPIC
camera during the performance verification phase. We reach a limiting flux of
0.31, 1.4 and 2.4 x 10E-15 erg/cm2/s in the 0.5-2, 2-10 and 5-10 keV energy
bands. A significant number of X-ray sources show hard, probably intrinsically
absorbed X-ray spectra. We discuss the X-ray, optical and infrared properties
of these sources in comparison with the predictions of the recent X-ray
background models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73853 </DOCNO>
Inflation, braneworlds and quintessence


  Inflationary cosmology is developed in the second Randall-Sundrum braneworld
scenario, where the accelerated expansion arises through potentials that are
too steep to drive inflation in conventional cosmology. A relationship between
the scalar and tensor perturbation spectra is derived that is independent of
both the inflaton potential and the brane tension. It is found that a single
field with an inverse power law potential can act as both the inflaton and the
quintessence field for suitable values of the brane tension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97311 </DOCNO>
A homotopy theoretic realization of string topology


  Let M be a closed, oriented manifold of dimension d. Let LM be the space of
smooth loops in M. Chas and Sullivan have recently defined a kind of
intersection product on the homology H_*(LM) of total degree -d. They then
investigated other structure that this product induces, including a Lie algebra
structure on H_*(LM), and an induced product on the S^1 equivariant homology,
H_*^{S^1}(LM) . These algebraic structures, as well as others, came under the
general heading of the "String topology" of M. In this paper we describe a
realization of the Chas - Sullivan loop product in terms of a ring spectrum
structure on the Thom spectrum of a certain virtual bundle over the loop space.
We show that this ring spectrum structure extends to an operad action of the
the "cactus operad", originally defined by Voronov, which is equivalent to
operad of framed disks in R^2. We then describe a cosimplicial model of this
spectrum and, by applying the singular cochain functor to this cosimplicial
spectrum we show that this ring structure can be interpreted as the cup product
in the Hochschild cohomology of the cochains, HH^*(C^*(M); C^*(M)).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126291 </DOCNO>
The Energetics and Mass-loss of Mrk33


  We present ROSAT HRI X-ray data and optical imaging of the important dwarf
starburst Markarian 33. We find an extended, complex, shell-like morphology in
the X-ray emission, with an extent of 2.3 x 1.9kpc, coincident with the bright
star-forming regions at the centre of the galaxy. The physical extent of this
X-ray emission from Mrk 33 is very similar to the observed Halpha emission, and
suggests that the bulk of the X-ray emission is coming from an expanding
superbubble.
  We estimate the age and mass of Mrk 33's starburst to be 5.8 Myr and 6.9 x
10^{6} Msolar respectively with the energy injection rate in the central
regions of the galaxy being 10^{41} erg/s, while the associated mass-loss rate
from the star-forming regions is estimated to be 0.2 Msolar/yr. We suggest that
the X-ray emission is predominantly powered by starburst type activity and
argue that a blowout in the form of a galactic wind is the most likely fate for
Mrk 33 resulting in the loss of most of the galaxy's metal-enriched material
and a small fraction (<1 per cent) of the ISM.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40968 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Mass and Width of the W Boson in e+e- Collisions at


  A measurement of the W mass and width has been performed by the DELPHI
collaboration using the data collected during 1998. The data sample has an
integrated luminosity of 155 pb^{-1} and an average centre-of-mass energy of
188.6 GeV. Results are obtained by applying the method of direct reconstruction
of the mass of the W from its decay products in both the W+W- -> lvqq and W+W-
-> qqqq channels. The W mass result for the 1998 data set is M_W = 80.387 +/-
0.087 (stat) +/- 0.034 (syst) +/- 0.017 (LEP) +/- 0.035 (FSI) GeV/c2, where FSI
represents the uncertainty due to final state interaction effects in the qqqq
channel, and LEP represents that arising from the knowledge of the beam energy
of the accelerator. Combining this result with those previously published by
the DELPHI collaboration gives the result M_W = 80.359 +/- 0.074 (stat) +/-
0.032 (syst) +/- 0.017 (LEP) +/- 0.033 (FSI) GeV/c2. The combined value for the
W width is \Gamma_W = 2.266 +/- 0.176 (stat) +/- 0.056 (syst) +/- 0.052 (FSI)
GeV/c2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41 </DOCNO>
Integrable model for interacting electrons in metallic grains


  We find an integrable generalization of the BCS model with non-uniform
Coulomb and pairing interaction. The Hamiltonian is integrable by construction
since it is a functional of commuting operators; these operators, which
therefore are constants of motion of the model, contain the anisotropic Gaudin
Hamiltonians. The exact solution is obtained diagonalizing them by means of
Bethe Ansatz. Uniform pairing and Coulomb interaction are obtained as the
``isotropic limit'' of the Gaudin Hamiltonians. We discuss possible
applications of this model to a single grain and to a system of few interacting
grains.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85877 </DOCNO>
On free evolution of self gravitating, spherically symmetric waves


  We perform a numerical free evolution of a selfgravitating, spherically
symmetric scalar field satisfying the wave equation. The evolution equations
can be written in a very simple form and are symmetric hyperbolic in
Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. The simplicity of the system allow to
display and deal with the typical gauge instability present in these
coordinates. The numerical evolution is performed with a standard method of
lines fourth order in space and time. The time algorithm is Runge-Kutta while
the space discrete derivative is symmetric (non-dissipative). The constraints
are preserved under evolution (within numerical errors) and we are able to
reproduce several known results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3271 </DOCNO>
Efficient Recursion Method for Inverting Overlap Matrix


  A new O(N) algorithm based on a recursion method, in which the
computational effort is proportional to the number of atoms N, is presented
for calculating the inverse of an overlap matrix which is needed in electronic
structure calculations with the the non-orthogonal localized basis set. This
efficient inverting method can be incorporated in several O(N) methods for
diagonalization of a generalized secular equation. By studying convergence
properties of the 1-norm of an error matrix for diamond and fcc Al, this method
is compared to three other O(N) methods (the divide method, Taylor expansion
method, and Hotelling's method) with regard to computational accuracy and
efficiency within the density functional theory. The test calculations show
that the new method is about one-hundred times faster than the divide method in
computational time to achieve the same convergence for both diamond and fcc Al,
while the Taylor expansion method and Hotelling's method suffer from numerical
instabilities in most cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96900 </DOCNO>
Statistical properties of unimodal maps: smooth families with negative


  We prove that there is a residual set of families of smooth or analytic
unimodal maps with quadratic critical point and negative Schwarzian derivative
such that almost every parameter is either regular or Collet-Eckmann with
subexponential recurrence of the critical orbit, both cases allowing a detailed
and robust statistical description of the dynamics. This proves a version of
Palis conjecture in this setting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4338 </DOCNO>
Deconfinement transition and Luttinger to Fermi Liquid crossover in


  We investigate a system of one dimensional Hubbard chains of interacting
fermions coupled by inter-chain hopping. Using a generalization of the
Dynamical Mean Field Theory we study the deconfinement transition from a Mott
insulator to a metal and the crossover between Luttinger and Fermi liquid
phases. One-particle properties, local spin response and inter-chain optical
conductivity are calculated. Possible applications to organic conductors are
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1730 </DOCNO>
Critical exponent \eta_\phi of the Lattice London Superconductor and


  The anomalous dimension of the lattice London superconductor is determined
from finite size scaling of the susceptibility to be \eta_\phi = -0.79(1).
Indirect determinations of \eta_\phi from properties of the vortex loops in the
3D XY model are also attempted, but it is found that the results are sensitive
to details in the simulations related to vortex loop intersections. It is
suggested that the same value of \eta_\phi can at most be obtained from vortex
loop properties in the limit of low vortex density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7239 </DOCNO>
Small Fermi energy and phonon anharmonicity in MgB_2 and related


  The remarkable anharmonicity of the E_{2g} phonon in MgB_2 has been suggested
in literature to play a primary role in its superconducting pairing. We
investigate, by means of LDA calculations, the microscopic origin of such an
anharmonicity in MgB_2, AlB_2, and in hole-doped graphite. We find that the
anharmonic character of the E_{2g} phonon is essentially driven by the small
Fermi energy of the sigma holes. We present a simple analytic model which
allows us to understand in microscopic terms the role of the small Fermi energy
and of the electronic structure. The relation between anharmonicity and
nonadiabaticity is pointed out and discussed in relation to various materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83560 </DOCNO>
Common-Face Embeddings of Planar Graphs


  Given a planar graph G and a sequence C_1,...,C_q, where each C_i is a family
of vertex subsets of G, we wish to find a plane embedding of G, if any exists,
such that for each i in {1,...,q}, there is a face F_i in the embedding whose
boundary contains at least one vertex from each set in C_i. This problem has
applications to the recovery of topological information from geographical data
and the design of constrained layouts in VLSI. Let I be the input size, i.e.,
the total number of vertices and edges in G and the families C_i, counting
multiplicity. We show that this problem is NP-complete in general. We also show
that it is solvable in O(I log I) time for the special case where for each
input family C_i, each set in C_i induces a connected subgraph of the input
graph G. Note that the classical problem of simply finding a planar embedding
is a further special case of this case with q=0. Therefore, the processing of
the additional constraints C_1,...,C_q only incurs a logarithmic factor of
overhead.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98817 </DOCNO>
Power sums and Homfly skein theory


  The Murphy operators in the Hecke algebra $H_n$ of type $A$ are explicit
commuting elements, whose symmetric functions are central in $H_n$. In
math.GT/0102098 I defined geometrically a homomorphism from the Homfly skein
$\cal C$ of the annulus to the centre of each algebra $H_n$, and found an
element $P_m$ in $\cal C$, independent of $n$, whose image, up to an explicit
linear combination with the identity of $H_n$, is the $m$th power sum of the
Murphy operators. Here I give simple geometric representatives for the elements
$P_m$ and discuss their role in a similar construction for central elements of
an extended family of algebras $H_{n,p}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86110 </DOCNO>
Derivation of the Einstein Equivalence Principle in a Class of Condensed


  We consider a class of condensed matter theories in a Newtonian framework
with a Lagrange formalism related in a natural way with the classical
conservation laws \partial_t \rho + \partial_i (\rho v^i) = 0 \partial_t (\rho
v^j) + \partial_i (\rho v^i v^j + p^{ij}) = 0 We show that for an algebraically
defined ``effective Lorentz metric'' g_{\mu\nu} and ``effective matter fields''
\phi these theories are equivalent to material models of a metric theory of
gravity with Lagrangian L = L_{GR} + L_{matter}
  - (8\pi G)^{-1}(\Upsilon g^{00}-\Xi (g^{11}+g^{22}+g^{33}))\sqrt{-g} which
fulfils the Einstein equivalence principle and leads to the Einstein equations
in the limit \Xi,\Upsilon\to 0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75047 </DOCNO>
The Magnetic Moments of the Octet Baryons in Quenched Chiral


  We compute the magnetic moments of the octet baryons up to two orders in
quenched chiral perturbation theory. In addition to the $\sim\sqrt{m_q}$
contributions that arise in QCD, there are lower-order contributions of the
form $M_0^2\log m_q$ from loop diagrams involving hairpin interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 977 </DOCNO>
Resolution of causal paradoxes arising from opposing thermodynamic


  It was recently shown \cite{opposite} that systems with opposite
thermodynamic arrows of time could have moderate mutual interaction with
neither destroying the order of the other. Such interaction includes signaling.
Signals, however, may give rise to causal paradoxes, suggesting that "moderate"
interaction may be impossible. Using the two-time boundary condition framework,
we resolve the paradoxes. In one example, at a macroscopic level, we establish
the existence of solutions to the appropriate boundary value problem. This
result is extended to a class of microscopic problems. We also produce an
example in which microscopic data are given and there is no solution. This is a
different kind of resolution: there is no paradox because the events do not
happen. Finally we discuss the differences between these cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5131 </DOCNO>
Non-Magnetic Spinguides and Spin Transport in Semiconductors


  We propose the idea of a "spinguide", i.e. the semiconductor channel which is
surrounded with walls from the diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) with the
giant Zeeman splitting which are transparent for electrons with the one spin
polarization only. These spinguides may serve as sources of a spin-polarized
current in non-magnetic conductors, ultrafast switches of a spin polarization
of an electric current and, long distances transmission facilities of a spin
polarization (transmission distances can exceed a spin-flip length). The
selective transparence of walls leads to new size effects in transport.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74110 </DOCNO>
Long-Range Coulomb Forces in DIS: Missed Radiative Corrections?


  The Born approximation, one photon exchange, used for DIS is subject to
virtual radiative corrections which are related to the long-range Coulomb
forces. They may be sizeable for heavy nuclei since Z\alpha is not a small
parameter. So far these corrections are known only for two processes, elastic
scattering and bremsstrahlung on the Coulomb field of a point-like target.
While the former amplitude acquires only a phase, in the latter case the cross
section is modified also. Although the problem of Coulomb corrections for DIS
on nuclei is extremely difficult, it should be challenged rather than 'swept
under the carpet'. The importance of these radiative corrections is questioned
in present paper. We show that in the simplest case of a constant hadronic
current the Coulomb corrections provide a phase to the Born amplitude,
therefore the cross section remains the same. Inclusion of more realistic
hadronic dynamics changes this conclusion. The example of coherent production
of vector mesons off nuclei reveals large effects. So far a little progress has
been made deriving exact lepton wave functions in the Coulomb field of an
extended target. Employing available results based on the first-order
approximation in Z\alpha, we conclude that the Coulomb corrections are still
important for heavy nuclei. We also consider an alternative approach for
extended nuclear targets, the eikonal approximation, which we demonstrate to
reproduce the known exact results for Coulomb corrections. Calculating
electroproduction of vector mesons we again arrive at a large deviation from
the Born approximation. We conclude that one should accept with caution the
experimental results for nuclear effects in DIS based on analyses done in the
Born approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129433 </DOCNO>
Models of Metal Poor Stars with Gravitational Settling and Radiative


  Evolutionary models have been calculated for Pop II stars of 0.5 to
1.0$M_\odot$ from the pre-main-sequence to the lower part of the giant branch.
Rosseland opacities and radiative accelerations were calculated taking into
account the concentration variations of 28 chemical species, including all
species contributing to Rosseland opacities in the OPAL tables. The effects of
radiative accelerations, thermal diffusion and gravitational settling are
included. While models were calculated both for Z=0.00017 and 0.0017, we
concentrate on models with Z=0.00017 in this paper. These are the first Pop II
models calculated taking radiative acceleration into account. It is shown that,
at least in a 0.8$M_\odot$ star, it is a better approximation not to let Fe
diffuse than to calculate its gravitational settling without including the
effects of $g_{rad}(Fe)$. In the absence of any turbulence outside of
convection zones, the effects of atomic diffusion are large mainly for stars
more massive than 0.7$M_\odot$. Overabundances are expected in some stars with
$\teff \ge 6000K$. Most chemical species heavier than CNO are affected. At 12
Gyr, overabundance factors may reach 10 in some cases (e.g. for Al or Ni) while
others are limited to 3 (e.g. for Fe). The calculated surface abundances are
compared to recent observations of abundances in globular clusters as well as
to observations of Li in halo stars. It is shown that, as in the case of Pop I
stars, additional turbulence appears to be present.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125462 </DOCNO>
The Stellar Population and Star Clusters in the Unusual Local Group


  We present analysis of HST U,V,I, and Halpha images of the peculiar Local
Group irregular galaxy IC 10. The images are used to determine the nature of
the stellar products in a portion of the recent starburst in this galaxy. We
identified 13 stellar associations and clusters, two of which are probably old
(>350 Myr) and the rest of which are young (4-30 Myr) and presumably formed in
the starburst. We found the following: 1) The slope of the stellar initial mass
function (IMF) for 6.3--18 Msolar stars formed in the starburst lies between
two limiting cases: a value of -1.9+/-0.4 under the assumption of coevality
over the past 13 Myr and of -0.9+/-0.3 under the assumption of constant star
formation over the past 40 Myr. Thus, most likely, the IMF of the intermediate
mass stars is not very unusual. The slope of the IMF for the underlying galaxy
population under the assumption of constant star formation is -2.6+/-0.3 for
4.8-18 Msolar stars. 2) The lower stellar mass limit in the starburst is <6.3
Msolar. This constraint is less than some predictions of what lower stellar
mass limits might be in starbursts, but higher than others. 3) There are two
modest-sized Halpha shells that could easily have been produced in the past few
Myr by the clusters they encircle. 4) The dominant mode of star formation in
the starburst has been that of a scaled-up OB association. This mode, with a
few compact clusters sprinkled in, is similar to the star formation that took
place in Constellation III in the LMC, as well as that in the Blue Compact
Dwarfs IZw18 and VIIZw403. The starburst in this part of IC10 has not produced
a super star cluster. We suggest that the high WC/WN ratio could be reproduced
if there were small, well-synchronized (<1 Myr), but widely scattered, pockets
of secondary star formation 3-4 Myr ago.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96065 </DOCNO>
A Remark on Topological Charges over the Fuzzy Sphere


  We determine the Chern characters of two projective modules over the fuzzy
sphere and calculate the corresponding topological charges (Chern numbers).
These turn out to have corrections - compared to the commutative limit -
induced by the noncommutative structure of the three coordinates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127574 </DOCNO>
Non-linear Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect


  We discuss the non-linear extension to the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect
(ISW) resulting from the divergence of the large scale structure momentum
density field. The non-linear ISW effect leads to an increase in the total ISW
contribution by roughly two orders of magnitude at l ~ 1000. This increase,
however, is still below the cosmic variance limit of the primary anisotropies;
at further small angular scales, secondary effects such as gravitational
lensing and the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect dominates the non-linear
ISW power spectrum. We show this second-order non-linear ISW contribution is
effectively same as the contribution previously described as a lensing effect
due to the transverse motion of gravitational lenses and well known as the
Kaiser-Stebbins effect under the context of cosmic strings. Due to geometrical
considerations, there is no significant three point correlation function, or a
bispectrum, between the linear ISW effects and its non-linear extension. The
non-linear ISW contribution can be potentially used as a probe of the
transverse velocity of dark matter halos such as galaxy clusters. Due to the
small contribution to temperature fluctuations, of order few tenths of micro
Kelvin, however, extrating useful measurements on velocities will be
challenging.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149721 </DOCNO>
Null Geodesics in Brane World Universe


  We study null bulk geodesic motion in the brane world cosmology in the RS2
scenario and in the static universe in the bulk of the charged topological AdS
black hole. We obtain equations describing the null bulk geodesic motion as
observed in one lower dimensions. We find that the null geodesic motion in the
bulk of the brane world cosmology in the RS2 scenario is observed to be under
the additional influence of extra non-gravitational force by the observer on
the three-brane, if the brane universe does not possess the Z_2 symmetry. As
for the null geodesic motion in the static universe in the bulk of the charged
AdS black hole, the extra force is realized even when the brane universe has
the Z_2 symmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127814 </DOCNO>
Narrowband CCD Photometry of Giant HII Regions


  We have obtained accurate CCD narrow band H_beta and H_alpha photometry of
Giant HII Regions in M 33, NGC 6822 and M 101. Comparison with previous
determinations of emission line fluxes show large discrepancies; their probable
origins are discussed. Combining our new photometric data with global velocity
dispersion (sigma) derived from emission line widths we have reviewed the
L(H_beta)-sigma relation. A reanalysis of the properties of the GEHRs included
in our sample shows that age spread and the superposition of components in
multiple regions introduce a considerable spread in the regression. Combining
the information available in the literature regarding ages of the associated
clusters, evolutionary footprints on the interstellar medium, and kinematical
properties of the knots that build up the multiple GEHRs, we have found that a
subsample - which we refer to as young and single GEHRs - do follow a tight
relation in the L-sigma plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97801 </DOCNO>
Fusion bases as facets of polytopes


  A new way of constructing fusion bases (i.e., the set of inequalities
governing fusion rules) out of fusion elementary couplings is presented. It
relies on a polytope reinterpretation of the problem: the elementary couplings
are associated to the vertices of the polytope while the inequalities defining
the fusion basis are the facets. The symmetry group of the polytope associated
to the lowest rank affine Lie algebras is found; it has order 24 for $\su(2)$,
432 for $\su(3)$ and quite surprisingly, it reduces to 36 for $\su(4)$, while
it is only of order 4 for $\sp(4)$. This drastic reduction in the order of the
symmetry group as the algebra gets more complicated is rooted in the presence
of many linear relations between the elementary couplings that break most of
the potential symmetries. For $\su(2)$ and $\su(3)$, it is shown that the
fusion-basis defining inequalities can be generated from few (1 and 2
respectively) elementary ones. For $\su(3)$, new symmetries of the fusion
coefficients are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96682 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalue estimates for the Dirac operator depending on the Weyl


  We prove new lower bounds for the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator on
compact manifolds whose Weyl tensor or curvature tensor, respectively, is
divergence free. In the special case of Einstein manifolds, we obtain estimates
depending on the Weyl tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128824 </DOCNO>
New clues to the evolution of dwarf early-type galaxies


  Surface photometry of 18 Virgo cluster dwarf elliptical (dE) and dwarf
lenticular (dS0) galaxies, made by Gavazzi et al. (2001) in the H-band (1.65
micron) and in the B-band (0.44 micron), shows that the ratio of the effective
radii of these stellar systems in the B- and H-band, r_{e B}/r_{e H}, ranges
between 0.7 and 2.2. In particular, dwarf ellipticals and lenticulars with a
red total color index B-H (i.e. with 3.2 < B-H < 4) have equal effective radii
in these two pass-bands. By contrast, blue (i.e. with 2.5 < B-H < 3.1) dEs and
dS0s have B-band effective radii about 50% longer than the H-band ones, on
average. Consistently, strong negative gradients in B-H along the
galactocentric radius are found to be associated with blue total colors. This
trend is not found in a sample of 29 giant E and S0 galaxies of the Coma
cluster with analogous data available in the literature. These early-type
giants span a broad range in r_{e B}/r_{e H} (0.2--2.2), with a mean r_{e
B}/r_{e H} of about 1.1, but a narrow range in (red) color (3.3 < B-H < 4.2).
In these stellar systems, color gradients are usually interpreted as due either
to age/metallicity gradients along the radial coordinate or to dust
attenuation, whatever the total color of the system is. Assuming each of these
three distinct interpretations of the origin of color gradients, we discuss the
origin of the association of strong negative color gradients with blue colors
found in the early-type dwarfs under study, in relation with current scenarios
of formation and evolution of dE and dS0 galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129363 </DOCNO>
Spatially resolved imaging spectroscopy of T Tauri


  The small separation of the individual stellar components in the TTau system
has prevented spectroscopy of the individual components in the near-infrared
(NIR) in the past. We present NIR data (H- and K-band) on this object taken
using the ALFA adaptive optics (AO) system in combination with the 3D integral
field spectrograph. Except for the Brackett series seen in emission, the NIR
spectra of \tts{} appear featureless, suggesting that warm dust dominates the
radiation. No ro-vibrational lines of molecular hydrogen were found in close
vicinity to the stars. The Brackett line emission from \ttn{} and S could not
be resolved with the 3.5-m-telescope, implying that it arises within 6 AU from
the stars. The line ratios between Br$\gamma$ (2.166 \mum{}) and Br10 (1.736
\mum{}) toward \ttn{} and \tts{} are similar, suggesting similar selective
extinctions towards the respective emitting regions. Our results are consistent
with a model that describes \tts{} as a pre-main sequence star surrounded by a
small edge-on disk, leaving the polar regions relatively unobscured. We present
numerical simulations which support this model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81309 </DOCNO>
Vortex waistlines and vortex gas


  We investigate the manner in which a linear potential arises from
fluctuations due to vortices linked with the Wilson loop. In particular, the
customary naive picture is critically reexamined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179746 </DOCNO>
Jet Tomography of Au+Au Reactions Including Multi-gluon Fluctuations


  Jet tomography is the analysis of the attenuation pattern of high transverse
momentum hadrons to determine certain line integral transforms of the density
profile of the QCD matter produced in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions. In
this letter, we calculate the distortion of jet tomography due to multi-gluon
fluctuations within the GLV radiative energy loss formalism. We find that
fluctuations of the average gluon number, <N^g> ~ 3 for RHIC initial
conditions, reduce the attenuation of pions by approximately a factor Z ~
0.4-0.5. Therefore the plasma density inferred from jet tomography without
fluctuations must be enhanced by a factor 1/Z ~ 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97696 </DOCNO>
Derivatives of p-adic L-functions, Heegner cycles and monodromy modules


  In this paper we prove a Gross-Zagier type formula for the anticyclotomic
p-adic L-function of an elliptic modular form f of higher weight and of
multiplicative type at p. For such f we also decribe explicitely the local
Galois representation attached to it at p and compare the Fontaine-Mazur and
Teitelbaum L-invariants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75647 </DOCNO>
Freezing of the QCD coupling constant and solutions of Schwinger-Dyson


  We compare phenomenological values of the frozen QCD running coupling
constant ($\alpha_s$) with two classes of solutions obtained through
nonperturbative Schwinger-Dyson equations. We use these same solutions with
frozen coupling constants as well as their respective nonperturbative gluon
propagators to compute the QCD prediction for the asymptotic pion form factor.
Agreement between theory and experiment on $\alpha_s(0)$ and $F_\pi (Q^2)$ is
found only for one of the solutions Schwinger-Dyson equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124738 </DOCNO>
Two Different Long-term Behaviors in Black-Hole Candidates: Evidence for


  We discuss the results of long-term hard x-ray monitoring of Galactic
black-hole candidates 1E 1740.7-2942, GRS 1758-258, Cyg X-1, GX 339-4, and Cyg
X-3 with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). The objects divide into two
classes. In the first class, exemplified by Cyg X-1, luminosity and spectral
hardness evolve simultaneously. In the second class, the relation is more
complicated: the softest spectra occur while the count rate is dropping. Most
models of accretion, tailored to Cyg X-1, do not predict the second sort of
behavior. One interpretation is a simple model with two simultaneous,
independent accretion flows: a thin disk and a hot halo. A drop in the
accretion rate affecting both flows would propagate through the halo
immediately but might take up to several weeks to propagate through the disk.
While the inner halo is thus temporarily depleted compared to the disk, a
temporary soft state is expected. This picture is supported by the observation
that those sources which show delays (1E 1740.7-2942, GRS 1758-258, and GX
339-4) are expected to have low-mass companions, and those which do not (Cyg
X-1, Cyg X-3) are known or thought to have high-mass companions. Low-mass
companions imply accretion by Roche-lobe overflow, with a high specific angular
momentum in the accreting material, and therefore a large disk with a long
viscous timescale. Wind accretion from massive companions is expected to result
in a much smaller disk, and thus little viscous delay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125609 </DOCNO>
How Dim Accreting Black Holes Could Be?


  Recent hydrodynamical simulations of radiatively inefficient black hole
accretion flows with low viscosity have demonstrated that these flows differ
significantly from those described by an advection-dominated model. The black
hole flows are advection-dominated only in their inner parts, but convectively
dominated at radii R>100R_g. In such flows, the radiative output comes mostly
from the convection part, and the radiative efficiency is independent of
accretion rate and equals ~0.001. This value gives a limit for how dim an
accreting black hole could be. It agrees with recent Chandra observations which
indicate that accreting black holes in low-mass X-ray binaries are by factor
about 100 dimmer that neutron stars accreting with the same accretion rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113841 </DOCNO>
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of 1GeV/Nucleon U92+ impact


  The impact of 1GeV/Nucleon U92+ projectiles against atomic hydrogen is
studied by direct numerical resolution of the time-dependent wave equation for
the atomic electron on a three-dimensional Cartesian lattice. We employ the
fully relativistic expressions to describe the electromagnetic fields created
by the incident ion. The wave equation for the atom interacting with the
projectile is carefully derived from the time-dependent Dirac equation in order
to retain all the relevant terms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6406 </DOCNO>
Neural Networks with Finite Width Action Potentials


  The significance of having finite widths of action potentials in integrate
and fire neural networks is investigated. Models suggested by Hopfield and Herz
[1] with zero action potential has been generalized to include pulse shapes of
arbitrary widths and shapes. The convergence to limit cycle is examined both
analytically and in simulation experiments. Hopfield's proof for nonleaking
models has been extended nontrivially to the case of finite widths. It is
pointed out that the concept of simultaneity in such networks maybe subject to
bin widths in simulation experiments. The effects of varying the shape of the
action potential and its width are examined. The roles of the magnitude of a
leaking resistance connected to the neurons, a common external current and
synaptic currents between neighbors are also examined and found to bear
important consequences to the dynamical development of the network.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2676 </DOCNO>
Mott-Hubbard transition in infinite dimensions


  We analyze the unanalytical structure of metal-insulator transition (MIT) in
infinite dimensions. By introducing a simple transformation into the dynamical
mean-field equation of Hubbard model, a multiple-valued structure in Green's
function and other thermodynamical quantities with respect to the interaction
strength $U$ are found at low temperatures. A unified description of stable,
metastable and unstable phases is obtained in the regime
$U_{c1}(T)<U<U_{c2}(T)$, and the Maxwell construction is performed to evaluate
the MIT line $U^{\ast}(T)$. We show how the first-order MIT at $U^{\ast}(T)$
for $T>0$ evolves into second-order one at $U_{c2}(0)$ for $T=0 $. The phase
diagram near MIT is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123543 </DOCNO>
Neutron Diffusion and Nucleosynthesis in an Inhomogeneous Big Bang Model


  This article describes the production of primordial He4 nuclei in an
inhomogeneous universe. The baryon distribution is spherically symmetric and
consists of a high density inner region and a low density outer region. As the
temperature decreases neutrons diffuse to the outer region until they are
homogeneously distributed, and protons may be redistributed depending on how
fast diffusion occurs. Nucleosynthesis occurs earlier in the inner region and
neutrons diffuse back to that region. The rapidity of diffusion determines how
much He4 is ultimately produced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179614 </DOCNO>
J/$\psi$ suppression as a function of the energy of the zero degree


  The ratio of $J/\psi$ over Drell-Yan cross-sections as a function of the
energy of the zero degree calorimeter in $Pb$ $Pb$ collisions has been computed
in a comovers interaction model and compared with the results of a deconfining
model. The predictions of the two models are different both for peripheral
events and for very central ones. These differences are analyzed and the
results of the models confronted with available data -- not only for $Pb$ $Pb$
but also for $pA$ and $SU$ collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114288 </DOCNO>
The Cochlear Tuning Curve


  The tuning curve of the cochlea measures how large an input is required to
elicit a given output level as a function of the frequency. It is a fundamental
object of auditory theory, for it summarizes how to infer what a sound was on
the basis of the cochlear output. A simple model is presented showing that only
two elements are sufficient for establishing the cochlear tuning curve: a
broadly tuned traveling wave, moving unidirectionally from high to low
frequencies, and a set of mechanosensors poised at the threshold of an
oscillatory (Hopf) instability. These two components suffice to generate the
various frequency-response regimes which are needed for a cochlear tuning curve
with a high slope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7517 </DOCNO>
Spins, charges and currents at Domain Walls in a Quantum Hall Ising


  We study spin textures in a quantum Hall Ising ferromagnet. Domain walls
between ferro and unpolarized states at $\nu=2$ are analyzed with a functional
theory supported by a microscopic calculation. In a neutral wall, Hartree
repulsion prevents the appearance of a fan phase provoked by a negative
stiffness. For a charged system, electrons become trapped as solitons at the
domain wall. The size and energy of the solitons are determined by both Hartree
and spin-orbit interactions. Finally, we discuss how electrical transport takes
place through the domain wall.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2607 </DOCNO>
Photon number variance in isolated cavities


  We consider a strictly isolated single-mode optical cavity resonating at
angular frequency omega containing atoms whose one-electron level energies are
supposed to be: hbar*omega, 2*hbar*omega,...B*hbar\omega, and m photons. If
initially the atoms are in their highest energy state and m=0, we find that at
equilibrium: variance(m)/mean(m)=(B+1)/6, indicating that the internal field
statistics is sub-Poissonian if the number of atomic levels B does not exceed
4. Remarkably, this result does not depend on the number of atoms, nor on the
number of electrons that each atom incorporates. Our result has application to
the statistics of the light emitted by pulsed lasers and nuclear magnetic
resonance. On the mathematical side, the result is based on the restricted
partitions of integers.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149184 </DOCNO>
U-duality from Matrix Membrane Partition Function


  We analyse supermembrane instantons (fully wrapped supermembranes) by
computing the partition function of the three-dimensional supersymmetrical U(N)
matrix model under periodic boundary conditions. By mapping the model to a
cohomological field theory and considering a mass-deformation of the model, we
show that the partition function exactly leads to the U-duality invariant
measure factor entering supermembrane instanton sums. On the other hand, a
computation based on the quasi-classical assumption gives the non U-duality
invariant result of the zero-mode analysis by Pioline et al. This is suggestive
of the importance of supermembrane self-interactions and shows a crucial
difference from the matrix string case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96548 </DOCNO>
Generalization of Ehrlich-Kjurkchiev method for multiple roots of


  In this paper a new method which is a generalization of the
Ehrlich-Kjurkchiev method is developed. The method allows to find
simultaneously all roots of the algebraic equation in the case when the roots
are supposed to be multiple with known multiplicities. The offered
generalization does not demand calculation of derivatives of order higher than
first simultaneously keeping quaternary rate of convergence which makes this
method suitable for application from the practical point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73689 </DOCNO>
Small x physics and the initial conditions in heavy ion collisions


  At very high energies, the high parton densities (characterized by a
semi-hard saturation scale \Lambda_s) ensure that parton distributions can be
described by a classical effective field theory with remarkable properties
analogous to those of spin glass systems. This color glass condensate (CGC) of
gluons also provides the initial conditions for multi-particle production in
high energy nuclear collisions. In this talk, we briefly summarize recent
theoretical and phenomenological progress in the CGC approach to small x
physics. In particular, we discuss recent numerical work on the real time
gluodynamics of partons after a nuclear collision. The implications of this
work for the theoretical study of thermalization in nuclear collisions and on
the phenomenological interpretation of results of the recent RHIC experiments
are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6736 </DOCNO>
Growth of Nanosize and Colloid Particles by Controlled Addition of


  We outline a theoretical framework for estimating the evolution of the
particle size distribution in colloid and nanoparticle synthesis, when the
primary growth mode is by externally controlled addition of singlet building
blocks. The master equations, analyzed in the leading "non-diffusive" expansion
approximation, are reduced to a set of easily numerically programmable
relations that yield information on the time evolution of the particle size
distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149644 </DOCNO>
Non-unitary observables in the 2d critical Ising model


  We introduce three non-local observables for the two-dimensional Ising model.
At criticality, conformal field theory may be used to obtain theoretical
predictions for their behavior. These formulae are explicit enough to show that
their asymptotics are described by highest weights $h_{pq}$ from the Kac table
for c=1/2 distinct from those of the three unitary representations (0, 1/16 and
1/2).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86272 </DOCNO>
Exact Charged 2-Body Motion and the Static Balance Condition in Lineal


  We find an exact solution to the charged 2-body problem in $(1+1)$
dimensional lineal gravity which provides the first example of a relativistic
system that generalizes the Majumdar-Papapetrou condition for static balance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97402 </DOCNO>
Free wreath product by the quantum permutation group


  A free wreath product construction of a Hopf algebra (or of a Woronowicz
algebra) by Wang's quantum permutation group is done. It provides new examples
of quantum groups and is useful to describe the quantum automorphism group of
the n-times disjoint union of a finite connected graph.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179090 </DOCNO>
SU(3) density matrix theory


  The irreducible representations of the Lie algebra ${\frak su}$(3) describe
rotational bands in the context of the nuclear shell and interacting boson
models. The density matrices associated with ${\frak su}$(3) provide an
alternative theoretical framework for obtaining these bands. The ${\frak
su}$(3) density matrix formulation is mathematically simpler than
representation theory, yet it yields similar results. Bands are solutions to a
system of polynomial equations defined by the quadratic and cubic ${\frak
su}$(3) Casimirs. Analytic solutions are found in many physically important
cases including rotation about principal axes and spheroids. Numerical
solutions are reported in other cases including tilted rotors. The physics of
rotational bands is more transparent in the presented formalism. In
representation theory bands terminate because the space is finite-dimensional.
In ${\frak su}$(3) density matrix theory bands terminate when faster rotation
produces a spheroid rotating around its symmetry axis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 588 </DOCNO>
A new constant-pressure molecular dynamics method for finite system


  In this letter, by writing the volume as a function of coordinates of atoms,
we present a new constant-pressure molecular dynamics method with parameters
free. This method is specially appropriate for the finite system in which the
periodic boundary condition does not exist. Simulations on the carbon nanotube
and the Ni nanoparticle clearly demonstrate the validity of the method. By
using this method, one can easily obtain the equation of states for the finite
system under the external pressure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7576 </DOCNO>
de Haas-van Alphen effect in single crystal MgB_2


  We report observations of quantum oscillations in single crystals of the high
temperature superconductor MgB_2. Three de Haas-van Alphen frequencies are
clearly resolved. Comparison with band structure calculations strongly suggests
that two of these come from a single warped Fermi surface tube along the c
direction, and that the third arises from cylindrical sections of an in-plane
honeycomb network. The measured values of the effective mass range from
0.44-0.68 m_e. By comparing these with band masses calculated recently by three
groups, we find that the electron-phonon coupling strength lambda, is a factor
\~3 larger for the c-axis tube orbits than for the in-plane network orbit, in
accord with recent microscopic calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41032 </DOCNO>
Study of N* Production from J/Psi--> p pbar eta


  Data are presented on the reaction J/psi--> p pbar eta using 7.8 million
J/psi triggers collected by the BEjing Spectrometer (BES). A partial wave
analysis is performed. A clear enhancement near the p eta(pbar eta) threshold
is observed. It is fitted with a JP=1/2- resonance with mass $M= 1530\pm 10$
MeV and width $\Gamma = 95\pm 25$ MeV. In addition, there is a peak around 1650
MeV with JP=1/2- preferred also, fitted with $M =1647\pm 20$ MeV and $\Gamma =
145^{+80}_{-45}$ MeV. These two N* resonances are believed to be the two well
established states, S11(1535) and S11(1650), respectively. It is the first
partial wave study of the production of these resonances from J/psi decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149828 </DOCNO>
How to deal with the arrow of time in quantum field theory


  The formalism of Quantum Mechanics is based by definition on conserving
probabilities and thus there is no room for the description of dissipative
systems in Quantum Mechanics. The treatment of time-irreversible evolution (the
arrow of time) is therefore ruled out by definition in Quantum Mechanics. In
Quantum Field Theory it is, however, possible to describe time-irreversible
evolution by resorting to the existence of infinitely many unitarily
inequivalent representations of the canonical commutation relations (ccr). In
this paper I review such a result by discussing the canonical quantization of
the damped harmonic oscillator (dho), a prototype of dissipative systems. The
irreversibility of time evolution is expressed as tunneling among the unitarily
inequivalent representations. The exact action for the dho is derived in the
path integral formalism of the quantum Brownian motion developed by Schwinger
and by Feynman and Vernon. The doubling of the phase-space degrees of freedom
for dissipative systems is related to quantum noise effects. Finally, the role
of dissipation in the quantum model of the brain and the occurrence that the
cosmological arrow of time, the thermodynamical one and the biological one
point into the same direction are shortly mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74426 </DOCNO>
DIS data and the problem of saturation in small-x physics


  New experimental data from HERA explore the region of very small x and
small and moderate $Q^2$. We study the role of unitarity corrections in the
description of these data. For that, we propose a model separating the small
and large components of the $q\bar q$ fluctuation. This model gives a unified
description of total and diffractive production in $\gamma^*p$ interactions. In
this model unitarity corrections are controlled by diffraction data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86821 </DOCNO>
Polarized Spacetime Foam


  An approximate model of a spacetime foam is presented. It is supposed that in
the spacetime foam each quantum handle is like to an electric dipole and
therefore the spacetime foam is similar to a dielectric. If we neglect of
linear sizes of the quantum handle then it can be described with an operator
containing a Grassman number and either a scalar or a spinor field. For both
fields the Lagrangian is presented. For the scalar field it is the dilaton
gravity + electrodynamics and the dilaton field is a dielectric permeability.
The spherically symmetric solution in this case give us the screening of a bare
electric charge surrounded by a polarized spacetime foam and the energy of the
electric field becomes finite one. In the case of the spinor field the
spherically symmetric solution give us a ball of the polarized spacetime foam
filled with the confined electric field. It is shown that the full energy of
the electric field in the ball can be very big.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75488 </DOCNO>
Signals of neutralinos and charginos from gauge boson fusion at the CERN


  We point out that interesting signals of the non-strongly interacting sector
of the supersymmetric standard model arise from the production of charginos and
neutralinos via vector boson fusion (VBF) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
In particular, if R-parity is violated, the hadronically quiet signals of
charginos and neutralinos through direct production get considerably
suppressed. We show that in such cases, the VBF channel can be useful in
identifying this sector through clean and background-free final states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3581 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation in systems with quadratic energy levels


  We study the finite size effects on ideal Bose gas thermodynamics (and where
applicable Bose-Einstein condensation) in several systems with quadratic
particle energy levels, namely the Einstein Universe, the one-dimensional box
and the three-dimensional flat box (1D box cross infinite plane). The
Mellin-Barnes transform technique is used to obtain analytical approximations
to thermodynamic quantities, providing an analytical description of the
specific heat peak and the onset of condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7336 </DOCNO>
Temperature and field dependence of the anisotropy of MgB2


  The anisotropy gamma of the superconducting state of high quality
single-crystals of MgB2 was determined, using torque magnetometry with two
different methods. The anisotropy of the upper critical field was found to be
temperature dependent, decreasing from gamma = 6 at 15 K to 2.8 at 35 K.
Reversible torque data near Tc reveal a field dependent anisotropy, increasing
nearly linearly from gamma = 2 in zero field to 3.7 in 10 kOe. The unusual
temperature dependence is a true bulk property and can be explained by
non-local effects of anisotropic pairing and/or the wave vector dependence of
the effective mass tensor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86711 </DOCNO>
The singularity problem in string theory


  We review the current status of the singularity problem in string theory for
non-experts. After the problem is discussed from the point of view of
supergravity, we discuss classic examples and recent examples of singularity
resolution in string theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113481 </DOCNO>
Harmonic generation in ring-shaped molecules


  We study numerically the interaction between an intense circularly polarized
laser field and an electron moving in a potential which has a discrete
cylindrical symmetry with respect to the laser pulse propagation direction.
This setup serves as a simple model, e.g., for benzene and other aromatic
compounds. From general symmetry considerations, within a Floquet approach,
selection rules for the harmonic generation [O. Alon Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 3743
(1998)] have been derived recently. Instead, the results we present in this
paper have been obtained solving the time-dependent Schroedinger equation ab
initio for realistic pulse shapes. We find a rich structure which is not always
dominated by the laser harmonics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96638 </DOCNO>
Twisted Verma modules


  Using principal series Harish-Chandra modules, local cohomology with support
in Schubert cells and twisting functors we construct certain modules
parametrized by the Weyl group and a highest weight in the subcategory O of the
category of representations of a complex semisimple Lie algebra. These are in a
sense modules between a Verma module and its dual. We prove that the three
different approaches lead to the same modules. Moreover, we demonstrate that
they possess natural Jantzen type filtrations with corresponding sum formulae.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74446 </DOCNO>
New calculation of radioactive secondaries in cosmic rays


  We use a new version of our numerical model for particle propagation in the
Galaxy to study radioactive secondaries. For evaluation of the production cross
sections we use the Los Alamos compilation of all available experimental cross
sections together with calculations using the improved Cascade-Exciton Model
code CEM2k. Using the radioactive secondary ratios 26Al/27Al, 36Cl/Cl, 54Mn/Mn,
we show how the improved cross-section calculations together with the new
propagation code allow us to better constrain the size of the CR halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129361 </DOCNO>
Optical and Near-Infrared Structural Properties of Cluster Galaxies at


  Structural parameters (half-light radius $r_e$, mean effective surface
brightness $<\mu>_e$, and Sersic index n) are derived for a sample of galaxies
in the rich cluster AC 118 at z=0.31: so far the largest (N=93) sample of
galaxies at intermediate-redshift with structural parameters measured in the
near-infrared. The parameters are obtained in two optical wavebands (V and R)
and in the K-band. The distributions of $r_e$ at z=0.31 match those for the
Coma cluster both in the optical and in the NIR. The similarity of the two
distributions proves that the galaxies at the bright end of the luminosity
function did not significantly change their sizes since $z\sim0.3$ to the
present epoch. The ratio of the optical to the NIR half-light radius shows a
marked trend with the Sersic index n. In galaxies with $n\gtrsim4$ (typical
bright ellipticals) $r_{e,NIR}\sim 0.6 r_{e,opt}$, while the average ratio is
0.8 for galaxies with lower n (typical disk systems). Moreover, the NIR Sersic
index is systematically larger than in the optical for $n\lesssim4$. These
results, translated into optical and optical-NIR color gradients, imply that
the optical color gradients at $z\sim$0.3 are similar to those of nearby
galaxies. The optical-NIR color gradients are larger, ranging from -0.73
mag/dex for $n\lesssim4$ to -0.35 mag/dex for $n\gtrsim4$. We discuss these
results in terms of 'pure age' and 'pure metallicity' gradient models. The lack
of any major change in $r_{e,NIR}$ since $z\sim0.3$ suggests that merging
involving bright galaxies did not play a significant role in the last $\sim$4.4
Gyr.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150168 </DOCNO>
A planar Runge-Lenz vector


  Following Dahl's method an exact Runge-Lenz vector M with two components M
and M is obtained as a constant of motion for a two particle-system with
charges e and e whose electromagnetic interaction is based on Chern-Simons
electrodynamics. The Poisson bracket {M, M} = L but is modified by the
appearance of the product e e as central charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 327 </DOCNO>
Poisson equation and self-consistent periodical Anderson model


  We show that the formally exact expression for the free energy (with a
non-relativistic Hamiltonian) for the correlated metal generates the Poisson
equation within the saddle-point approximation for the electric potential,
where the charge density automatically includes correlations. In this
approximation the problem is reduced to the self-consistent periodical Anderson
model (SCPAM). The parameter of the mixing interaction in this formulation have
to be found self-consistently together with the correlated charge density. The
factors, calculated by Irkhin, for the mixing interaction, which reflect the
structure of the many-electron states of the \f-ion involved, arise
automatically in this formulation and are quite sensitive to the specific
element we are interested in. We also discuss the definitions of the mixing
interaction for the mapping from ab initio to model calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127986 </DOCNO>
Galaxy Clusters: Cosmic High-Energy Laboratories to Study the Structure


  This contribution illustrates the study of galaxy clusters as astrophysical
laboratories as well as probes for the large-scale structure of the Universe.
Using the REFLEX Cluster Survey, the measurement of the statistics of the
large-scale structure on scales up to 500 $h^{-1}$ Mpc is illustrated. The
results clearly favour a low density Universe. Clusters constitute, in
addition, well defined astrophysical laboratory environments in which some very
interesting large-scale phenomena can be studied. As an illustration we show
some spectacular new XMM X-ray spectroscopic results on the thermal structure
of cooling flows and the interaction effects of AGN with this hot intracluster
medium. The X-ray observations with XMM-Newton show a lack of spectral evidence
for large amounts of cooling and condensing gas in the centers of galaxy
clusters believed to harbour strong cooling flows. To explain these findings we
consider the heating of the core regions of clusters by jets from a central
AGN. We find that the power output the AGN jets is well sufficient. The
requirements such a heating model has to fulfill are explored and we find a
very promising scenario of self-regulated Bondi accretion of the central black
hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168428 </DOCNO>
Conditional evolution in single-atom cavity QED


  We consider a typical setup of cavity QED consisting of a two-level atom
interacting strongly with a single resonant electromagnetic field mode inside a
cavity. The cavity is resonantly driven and the output undergoes continuous
homodyne measurements. We derive an explicit expression for the state of the
system conditional on a discrete photocount record. This expression takes a
particularly simple form if the system is initially in the steady state. As a
byproduct, we derive a general formula for the steady state that had been
conjectured before in the strong driving limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2780 </DOCNO>
London equation studies of thin-film superconductors with a triangular


  We report on a study of vortex pinning in nanoscale antidot defect arrays in
the context of the London Theory. Using a wire network model, we discretize the
array with a fine mesh, thereby providing a detailed treatment of pinning
phenomena. The use of a fine grid has enabled us to examine both circular and
elongated defects, patterned in the form of a rhombus. The latter display
pinning characteristics superior to circular defects constructed with the
similar area. We calculate pinning potentials for defects containing zero and
single quanta, and we obtain a pinning phase diagram for the second matching
field, $H = 2 \Phi_{o}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75333 </DOCNO>
Unified Supersymmetric Model of Naturally Small Dirac Neutrino Masses


  Using the particle content of the fundamental {27} supermultiplet of E_6,
naturally small Dirac neutrino masses are obtained in the context of SU(3)_C
times SU(2)_L times U(1)_Y times U(1)_{chi}, where U(1)_{chi} comes from the
decomposition E_6 to SO(10) times U(1)_{psi}, then SO(10) to SU(5) times
U(1)_{chi}. New observable consequences are predicted at the TeV scale. An
axionic solution of the strong CP problem may be included at no extra cost.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86012 </DOCNO>
1-Loop Divergences of Quantum Gravity Using Conformal Parametrization


  We calculate the one-loop divergences for quantum gravity with cosmological
constant, using new parametrization of quantum metric. The conformal factor of
the metric is treated as an independent variable. As a result the theory
possesses an additional degeneracy and one needs an extra conformal gauge
fixing. We verify the on shell independence of the divergences from the
parameter of the conformal gauge fixing, and find a special conformal gauge in
which the divergences coincide with the ones obtained by t'Hooft and Veltman
(1974). Using conformal invariance of the counterterms one can restore the
divergences for the conformal metric-scalar gravity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148636 </DOCNO>
Little String Thermodynamics


  We argue that the holographic dual to little string theories at finite
temperature suffers from a Gregory-Laflamme like instability, providing an
alternative explanation to the results of hep-th/0012258.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127019 </DOCNO>
The HELLAS2XMM survey: I. The X-ray data and the Log(N)-Log(S)


  We present the first results from an XMM-Newton serendipitous medium-deep
survey, which covers nearly three square degrees. We detect a total of 1022,
495 and 100 sources, down to minimum fluxes of about 5.9 x 10^-16, 2.8 x 10^-15
and 6.2 x 10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1, in the 0.5-2, 2-10 and 4.5-10 keV band,
respectively. In the soft band this is one of the largest samples available to
date and surely the largest in the 2-10 keV band at our limiting X-ray flux.
The measured Log(N)-Log(S) are found to be in good agreement with previous
determinations. In the 0.5-2 keV band we detect a break at fluxes around 5 x
10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1. In the harder bands, we fill in the gap at intermediate
fluxes between deeper Chandra and XMM-Newton observations and shallower
BeppoSAX and ASCA surveys.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126042 </DOCNO>
Properties of QSO-Intrinsic Narrow Ultraviolet Absorption


  I present the current state of knowledge about narrow (<500 km/s) ultraviolet
absorption that is intrinsic to QSOs. I consider interpretations in the context
of the accretion-disk/wind scenario of QSOs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128924 </DOCNO>
On the Explosion Mechanism of SNe Type Ia


  In this article we discuss the first simulations of two- and
three-dimensional Type Ia supernovae with an improved hydrodynamics code. After
describing the various enhancements, the obtained results are compared to those
of earlier code versions, observational data and the findings of other
researchers in this field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76450 </DOCNO>
Geophysical aspects of very long baseline neutrino experiments


  Several proposed experiments will send beams of neutrinos through the Earth
along paths with a source-receiver distance of hundreds or thousands of
kilometers. Knowledge of the physical properties of the medium traversed by
these beams, in particular the density, will be necessary in order to properly
interpret the experimental data. Present geophysical knowledge allows the
average density along a path with a length of several thousand km to be
estimated with an accuracy of about $\pm 5$ per cent. Physicists planning
neutrino beam experiments should decide whether or not this level of
uncertainty is acceptable. If greater accuracy is required, intensive
geophysical research on the Earth structure along the beam path should be
conducted as part of the preparatory work on the experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98263 </DOCNO>
Scattering and wave operators for one-dimensional Schr\"odinger


  We prove existence of modified wave operators for one-dimensional
Schr\"odinger equations with potential in $L^p(\reals)$, $p<2$. If in addition
the potential is conditionally integrable, then the usual M\"oller wave
operators exist. We also prove asymptotic completeness of these wave operators
for some classes of random potentials, and for almost every boundary condition
for any given potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96214 </DOCNO>
Birational automorphisms of quartic Hessian surfaces


  We find generators of the group of birational automorphisms of the
 Hessian surface of a general cubic surface. Its nonsingular minimal model is a
K3 surface with the Picard lattice of rank 16. The latter embeds naturally in
the even unimodular lattice $II^{1,25}$ of rank 26 and signature $(1,25)$ as
the orthogonal complement of a root sublattice of rank 10. Our generators are
related to reflections with respect to some Leech roots. A similar observation
was made first in the case of quartic Kummer surfaces in the work of S.
Kond$\bar {\roman o}$. We shall explain how our generators are related to the
generators of the group of birational automorphisms of a general quartic Kummer
surface which is birationally isomorphic to a special Hessian surface.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87191 </DOCNO>
Amplification of Gravitational Waves During Inflation in Brans-Dicke


  We show that Gravitational Waves are exponetially amplified in the
inflationary phase in Brans-Dicke theory, so that it would be possible to
detect them and in this way verify several features of physical reality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168275 </DOCNO>
Polarization instabilities in a two-photon laser


  We describe the operating characteristics of a new type of quantum oscillator
that is based on a two-photon stimulated emission process. This two-photon
laser consists of spin-polarized and laser-driven $^{39}$K atoms placed in a
high-finesse transverse-mode-degenerate optical resonator, and produces a beam
with a power of $\sim $0.2 $\mu $W at a wavelength of 770 nm. We observe
complex dynamical instabilities of the state of polarization of the two-photon
laser, which are made possible by the atomic Zeeman degeneracy. We conjecture
that the laser could emit polarization-entangled twin beams if this degeneracy
is lifted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73371 </DOCNO>
$\nu - K^0$ Analogy, Dirac-Majorana Neutrino Duality and the Neutrino


  The intent of this paper is to convey a new primary physical idea of a
Dirac-Majorana neutrino duality in relation to the topical problem of neutrino
oscillations. In view of the new atmospheric, solar and the LSND neutrino
oscillation data, the Pontecorvo $\nu - K^0$ oscillation analogy is generalized
to the notion of neutrino duality with substantially different physical meaning
ascribed to the long-baseline and the short-baseline neutrino oscillations. At
the level of CP-invariance, the suggestion of dual neutrino properties defines
the symmetric two-mixing-angle form of the widely discussed four-neutrino
$(2+2)$-mixing scheme, as a result of the lepton charge conservation selection
rule and a minimum of two Dirac neutrino fields. With neutrino duality, the
two-doublet structure of the Majorana neutrino mass spectrum is a vestige of
the two-Dirac-neutrino origin. The fine neutrino mass doublet structure is
natural because it is produced by a lepton charge symmetry violating
perturbation on a zero-approximation system of two twofold mass-degenerate
Dirac neutrino-antineutrino pairs. A set of inferences related to the neutrino
oscillation phenomenology in vacuum is considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5262 </DOCNO>
Low-Temperature Structure of the Quarter-Filled Ladder Compound


  The low-temperature (LT) superstructure of $\alpha'$-NaV$_2$O$_5$ was
determined by synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction. Below the phase
transition temperature associated with atomic displacement and charge ordering
at 34K, we observed the Bragg peak splittings, which evidence that the LT
structure is monoclinic. It was determined that the LT structure is
$(a-b)\times 2b \times 4c$ with the space group $A112$ where $a, b$ and $c$
represent the high temperature orthorhombic unit cell. The valence estimation
of V ions according to the bond valence sum method shows that the V sites are
clearly separated into two groups of V$^{4+}$ and V$^{5+}$ with a $zigzag$
charge ordering pattern. This LT structure is consistent with resonant x-ray
and NMR measurements, and strikingly contrasts to the LT structure previously
reported, which includes V$^{4.5+}$ sites.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113763 </DOCNO>
Dynamics of Bright Soliton in Optical Fiber


  The bright soliton in optical fiber is generally investigated via its spatial
evolution in the time domain, where its waveform is considered in many studies.
To be consistent with the well-established picture of the dynamics of solitons
in other systems, in this letter, we propose it is helpful to study the
temporal evolution of the bright soliton by examining its waveshape propagating
along the space coordinate axis. We develop a singular theory. Equations
governing the evolution of the parameters of the bright soliton in the slow
time and the radiated field are explicitly formulated for the first time. In
addition, localized modes are found to appear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1784 </DOCNO>
Short-ranged RVB physics, quantum dimer models and Ising gauge theories


  Quantum dimer models are believed to capture the essential physics of
antiferromagnetic phases dominated by short-ranged valence bond configurations.
We show that these models arise as particular limits of Ising (Z_2) gauge
theories, but that in these limits the system develops a larger local U(1)
invariance that has different consequences on different lattices. Conversely,
we note that the standard Z_2 gauge theory is a generalised quantum dimer
model, in which the particular relaxation of the hardcore constraint for the
dimers breaks the U(1) down to Z_2. These mappings indicate that at least one
realization of the Senthil-Fisher proposal for fractionalization is exactly the
short ranged resonating valence bond (RVB) scenario of Anderson and of
Kivelson, Rokhsar and Sethna. They also suggest that other realizations will
require the identification of a local low energy, Ising link variable {\it and}
a natural constraint. We also discuss the notion of topological order in Z_2
gauge theories and its connection to earlier ideas in RVB theory. We note that
this notion is not central to the experiment proposed by Senthil and Fisher to
detect vortices in the conjectured Z_2 gauge field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2284 </DOCNO>
Extinctions in the random replicator model


  The statistical properties of an ecosystem composed of species interacting
via pairwise, random interactions and deterministic, concentration limiting
self-interaction are studied analytically with tools of equilibrium statistical
mechanics of disordered systems. Emphasis is given to the effects of externally
induced extinction of a fixed fraction of species at the outset of the
evolutionary process. The manner the ecosystem copes with the initial
extinction event depends on the degree of competition among the species as well
as on the strength of that event. For instance, in the regime of high
competition the ecosystem diversity, given by the fraction of surviving
species, is practically insensitive to the strengt of the initial extinction
provided it is not too large, while in the less competitive regime the
diversity decreases linearly with the size of the event. In the case of large
extinction events we find that no further biotic extinctions take place and,
furthermore, that rare species become very unlikely to be found in the
ecosystem at equilibrium. In addition, we show that the reciprocal of the
Edwards-Anderson order parameter yields a good measure of the diversity of the
model ecosystem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87196 </DOCNO>
Gravitational signals emitted by a point mass orbiting a neutron star:


  The effects that the structure of a neutron star would have on the
gravitational emission of a binary system are studied in a perturbative regime,
and in the frequency domain. Assuming that a neutron star is perturbed by a
point mass moving on a close, circular orbit, we solve the equations of stellar
perturbations in general relativity to evaluate the energy lost by the system
in gravitational waves. We compare the energy output obtained for different
stellar models with that found by assuming that the perturbed object is a black
hole with the same mass, and we discuss the role played by the excitation of
the stellar modes. Ouresults indicate that the stellar structure begins to
affect the emitted power when the orbital velocity is v >0.2c (about 185 Hz for
a binary system composed of two canonical neutron stars). We show that the
differences between different stellar models and a black hole are due mainly to
the excitation of the quasinormal modes of the star. Finally, we discuss to
what extent and up to which distance the perturbative approach can be used to
describe the interaction of a star and a pointlike massive body.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4214 </DOCNO>
Kramer-Pesch effect in chiral p-wave superconductors


  The pair-potential and current density around a single vortex of the
two-dimensional chiral p-wave superconductor with ${\mib d}={\mib z}(p_x \pm
\iu p_y)$ are determined self-consistently within the quasiclassical theory of
superconductivity. Shrinking of the vortex core at low temperatures are
considered numerically and analytically. Temperature-dependences of the spatial
variation of pair-potential and circular current around the core and density of
states at zero energy are the same as those in the isotropic s-wave case. When
the senses of vorticity and chirality are opposite, however, we find two novel
results; 1) the scattering rate due to non-magnetic impurities is considerably
suppressed, compared to that in the s-wave vortex. From this observation, we
expect that the chiral p-wave superconductors provide the best chance to
observe the shrinking of the vortex ("Kramer-Pesch effect") experimentally. 2)
The pair-potential of chiral p-wave superconductors inside vortex core recovers
a combined time-reversal-Gauge symmetry, although this symmetry is broken in
the region far from the vortex core. This local recovery of symmetry leads to
the suppression of the impurity effect inside vortex core.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168116 </DOCNO>
State Preparation in Quantum Optics


  In quantum information and communication, optical schemes provide simple and
intuitive experimental implementations. Of particular importance is quantum
state preparation. In this thesis, the creation of polarisation entanglement
using a particular class of optical circuits is studied. I give a mathematical
description of this class of circuits in terms of Hermite polynomials. In this
context, single photon resolution and single photon sensitivity detectors are
discussed and compared with detector cascading. In addition, I study
applications of state preparation such as quantum teleportation and quantum
lithography.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5421 </DOCNO>
Sub-critical and Super-critical Regimes in Epidemic Models of Earthquake


  We present an analytical solution and numerical tests of the epidemic-type
aftershock (ETAS) model for aftershocks, which describes foreshocks,
aftershocks and mainshocks on the same footing. The occurrence rate of
aftershocks triggered by a single mainshock decreases with the time from the
mainshock according to the modified Omori law K/{(t+c)}^p} with p=1+theta. A
mainshock at time t=0 triggers aftershocks according to the local Omori law,
that in turn trigger their own aftershocks and so on. The effective branching
parameter n, defined as the mean aftershock number triggered per event,
controls the transition between a sub-critical regime n<1 to a super-critical
regime n>1. In the sub-critical regime, we recover and document the crossover
from an Omori exponent 1-theta for t<t* to 1+theta for t<t* found previously in
[Sornette and Sornette, 1999a] for a special case of the ETAS model. In the
super-critical regime n>1 and theta>0, we find a novel transition from an Omori
decay law with exponent 1-theta fot t<t* to an explosive exponential increase
of the seismicity rate fot t>t*. The case theta<0 yields an infinite n-value.
In this case, we find another characteristic time tau controlling the crossover
from an Omori law with exponent 1-theta for t<tau, similar to the local law, to
an exponential increase at large times. These results can rationalize many of
the stylized facts reported for aftershock and foreshock sequences, such as (i)
the suggestion that a small p-value may be a precursor of a large earthquake,
(ii) the relative seismic quiescence sometimes observed before large
aftershocks, (iii) the positive correlation between b and p-values, (iv) the
observation that great earthquakes are sometimes preceded by a decrease of
b-value and (v) the acceleration of the seismicity preceding great earthquakes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125043 </DOCNO>
On the Power Spectrum Density of Gamma Ray Bursts


  Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are known to have short-time variability and
power-law behavior with the index -1.67 in the power spectrum density.
Reanalyzing the expanded data, we have found a) the power-law comes from the
global profile of the burst and not from the self-similar shots nor rapid
fluctuations in the luminosity profile. b) The power indices vary from burst to
burst and the value -1.67 is given simply as the mean value of the
distribution; there is no systematic correlation among GRBs to yield the power
law.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99175 </DOCNO>
Asymptotic amplitudes and cauchy gains: A small-gain principle and an


  The notions of asymptotic amplitude for signals, and Cauchy gain for
input/output systems, and an associated small-gain principle, are introduced.
These concepts allow the consideration of systems with multiple, and possibly
feedback-dependent, steady states. A Lyapunov-like characterization allows the
computation of gains for state-space systems, and the formulation of sufficient
conditions insuring the lack of oscillations and chaotic behaviors in a wide
variety of cascades and feedback loops. An application in biology (MAPK
signaling) is worked out in detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127137 </DOCNO>
Constraints on Galaxy Formation from Stars in the Far Outer Disk of M31


  Numerical simulations of galaxy formation within the cold dark matter (CDM)
hierarchical clustering framework are unable to produce large disk galaxies
without invoking some form of feedback to suppress gas cooling and collapse to
a redshift of unity or below. An important observational consequence of
delaying the epoch of disk formation until relatively recent times is that the
stellar populations in the extended disk should of be predominantly
young-to-intermediate age. We use a deep HST/WFPC2 archival pointing to
investigate the mean age and metallicity of the stellar population in a
disk-dominated field at 30 kpc along the major axis of M31. Our analysis of the
color-magnitude-diagram reveals the dominant population to have significant
mean age (>~8 Gyr) and a moderately-high mean metallicity ([Fe/H]~-0.7);
tentative evidence is also presented for a trace population of ancient (>10
Gyr) metal-poor stars. These characteristics are unexpected in CDM models and
we discuss the possible implications of this result, as well as alternative
interpretations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128091 </DOCNO>
Strategies for prompt searches for GRB afterglows: the discovery of the


  We report the discovery of the optical and near-infrared counterparts to GRB
001011. The GRB 001011 error box determined by Beppo-SAX was simultaneously
imaged in the near-infrared by the 3.58-m New Technology Telescope and in the
optical by the 1.54-m Danish Telescope ~8 hr after the gamma-ray event. Here we
implement the colour-colour discrimination technique proposed by Rhoads (2001)
and extend it using near-IR data as well. We present the results provided by an
automatic colour-colour discrimination pipe-line developed to discern the
different populations of objects present in the GRB 001011 error box. Our
software revealed three candidates based on single-epoch images. Second-epoch
observations carried out ~3.2 days after the burst revealed that the most
likely candidate had faded, thus identifying it with the counterpart to the
GRB. In deep R-band images obtained 7 months after the burst a faint
(R=25.38+/-0.25) elongated object, presumably the host galaxy of GRB 001011,
was detected at the position of the afterglow. The GRB 001011 afterglow is the
first discovered with the assistance of colour-colour diagram techniques. We
discuss the advantages of using this method and its application to error boxes
determined by future missions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86023 </DOCNO>
The End of Time?


  I discuss J. Barbour's Machian theories of dynamics, and his proposal that a
Machian perspective enables one to solve the problem of time in quantum
geometrodynamics (by saying that there is no time). I concentrate on his recent
book 'The End of Time' (1999).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99040 </DOCNO>
Heat kernel-zeta function relationship coming from the classical moment


  By using ideas and strong results borrowed from the classical moment problem,
we show how -under very general conditions- a discrete number of values of the
spectral zeta function (associated generically with a non-decreasing sequence
of numbers, and not necessarily with an operator) yields all the moments
corresponding to the density of states, as well as those of the partition
function of the sequence (the two basic quantities that are always considered
in a quantum mechanical context). This goes beyond the well known expression of
the small-t asymptotic expansion of the heat kernel of an operator in terms of
zeta function values. The precise result for a given situation depends
dramatically on the singularity structure of the zeta function. The different
specific situations that can appear are discussed in detail, using seminal
results from the zeta function literature. Attention is paid to formulations
involving zeta functions with a non-standard pole structure (as those arising
in noncommutative theories and others). Finally, some misuses of the classical
moment problem are pointed out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126386 </DOCNO>
HI in the shell elliptical NGC 3656


  VLA neutral hydrogen observations of the shell elliptical NGC 3656 reveal an
edge-on, warped minor axis gaseous disk (M_HI ~ 2.10^9 Msun) extending 7 kpc.
HI is also found outside the optical image, on two complexes to the North-East
and North-West that seem to trace an outer broken HI disk or ring, or possibly
one or two tidal tails.
  Integral-field optical fiber spectroscopy at the region of the bright
southern shell of NGC 3656 has provided a determination of the stellar
velocities of the shell. The shell has traces of HI with velocities bracketing
the stellar velocities, providing evidence for a dynamical association of HI
and stars at the shell. Within the errors the stars have systemic velocity,
suggesting a possible phase wrapping origin for the shell.
  We detect five dwarf galaxies with HI masses ranging from 2.10^8 Msun to
2.10^9 Msun all within 180 kpc from NGC 3656 and all within the velocity range
(450 \kms) of the HI of NGC 3656. For the NGC 3656 group to be bound requires a
total mass of 3-7.4x10^{12} Msun, yielding a mass to light ratio from 125 to
300.
  The overall HI picture presented by NGC 3656 supports the hypothesis of a
disk-disk merger origin, or possibly an ongoing process of multiple merger with
nearby dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98043 </DOCNO>
Quantum G-manifolds


  Let $G$ be a Lie group, $\g$ its Lie algebra, and $U_h(\g)$ the corresponding
quantum group. We consider some examples of $U_h(\g)$-invariant one and two
parameter quantizations on $G$-manifolds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87296 </DOCNO>
Gravitating lumps


  Recent progress in the study of solitons and black holes in non-Abelian field
theories coupled to gravity is reviewed. New topics include gravitational
binding of monopoles, black holes with non-trivial topology, Lue-Weinberg
bifurcation, asymptotically AdS lumps, solutions to the Freedman-Schwarz model
with applications to holography, non-Abelian Born-Infeld solutions

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76763 </DOCNO>
Analytic marginalization over CMB calibration and beam uncertainty


  With the increased accuracy and angular scale coverage of the recent CMB
experiments it has become important to include calibration and beam
uncertainties when estimating cosmological parameters. This requires an
integration over possible values of the calibration and beam size, which can be
done numerically but increases computation times. We present a fast and simple
algorithm for marginalization over beam and calibration errors by analytical
integration. We also illustrate the effect of incorporating these uncertainties
by calculating the constraints on various cosmological and inflationary
parameters including the spectral index n_s and the physical baryon density
Omega_b h^2, using the latest CMB data. We find that parameter constraints are
significantly changed when calibration/beam uncertainties are taken into
account. Typically the best fit parameters are shifted and the errors bars are
increased by up to fifty per cent for e.g. n_s and Omega_b h^2, although as
expected there is no change for Omega_K, because it is constrained by the
positions of the peaks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41431 </DOCNO>
The AMS Time of Flight System


  The Time of Flight (TOF) system of the AMS experiment provides the fast
trigger to the detector and measures the crossing particle direction, velocity
and charge. AMS was operated aboard of the shuttle Discovery on June 1998 (NASA
STS-91 mission) and will be upgraded and installed on the International Space
Station at the end of 2003, for 3 years of data taking. The performances of the
TOF during the precursor flight and modifications needed in the final version
of the detector are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40721 </DOCNO>
MONOLITH: a next generation experiment for athospheric neutrinos


  MONOLITH is a massive magnetized tracking calorimeter, optimized for the
detection of atmospheric muon neutrinos, proposed at the Gran Sasso laboratory
in Italy. The main goal is to establish (or reject) the neutrino oscillation
hypothesis through an explicit observation of the full first oscillation swing
(the ``L/E pattern''). Its performance, status and prospects are briefly
reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179240 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray strength functions in thermally excited rotating nuclei


  A general discussion and illustration is given of strength functions for
rotational transitions in two-dimensional E(gamma_1) x E(gamma_2) spectra.
Especially, a narrow component should be proportional to the compound damping
width, related to the mixing of basis rotational bands into compound bands with
fragmented transition strength. Three E(gamma_1) x E(gamma_2) spectra are made
by setting gates on triple coincidences, selecting cascades which feed into
specific low-lying bands in the nucleus 168Hf. In each of the gated spectra, we
find a ridge, carrying about 100 decay paths. This ridge is ascribed to
rotational transitions in the excitation energy range of 1.0 to 1.5 MeV above
the yrast line. The FWHM of the ridges are around 40 keV, about a factor of two
smaller than calculated on the basis of mixed cranked mean field bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127800 </DOCNO>
Stellar populations in NGC 5128 with the VLT: evidence for recent star


  We resolve stars of the nearest giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128 using VLT
with FORS1 and ISAAC. We construct deep U, V and Ks color-magnitude and
color-color diagrams in two different halo fields (in the halo and in the
north-eastern diffuse shell). In the outer, shell field, at ~14 kpc from the
center of the galaxy, there is a significant recent star formation with stars
as young as 10 Myr, approximately aligned with the prominent radio and x-ray
jet from the nucleus of the host AGN. Ionized gas filaments are evident in
ultraviolet images near the area where neutral HI and CO molecular gas was
previously observed. The underlying stellar population of the halo of the giant
elliptical is predominantly old with a very broad metallicity distribution. The
presence of an extended giant branch reaching M_bol=-5 mag suggests the
existence of a significant intermediate-age AGB population in the halo of this
galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5388 </DOCNO>
Eigenvalue correlations in Ginibre's non-Hermitean random matrices at


  Correlation function of complex eigenvalues of N by N random matrices drawn
from Ginibre's non-Hermitean ensemble of symplectic symmetry is given in terms
of a quaternion determinant. Spectral properties of Gaussian ensembles are
studied in detail in the regimes of weak and strong non-Hermiticity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95619 </DOCNO>
Generating functions for intersection numbers on moduli spaces of curves


  Using the connection between intersection theory on the Deligne-Mumford
spaces and the edge scaling of the GUE matrix model (see math.CO/9903176,
math.AG/0101147), we express the n-point functions for the intersection numbers
as n-dimensional error-function-type integrals and also give a derivation of
Witten's KdV equations using the higher Fay identities of Adler, Shiota, and
van Moerbeke.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168471 </DOCNO>
Information capacity formula of quantum optical channels


  The applications of the general formulae of channel capacity developed in the
quantum information theory to evaluation of information transmission capacity
of optical channel are interesting subjects. In this review paper, we will
point out that the formulation based on only classical-quantum channel mapping
model may be inadequate when one takes into account a power constraint for
noisy channel. To define the power constraint well, we should explicitly
consider how quantum states are conveyed through a transmission channel. Basing
on such consideration, we calculate a capacity formula for an attenuated noisy
optical channel with genreral Gaussian state input; this gives certain progress
beyond the example in our former paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81428 </DOCNO>
Alternative to Domain Wall Fermions


  An alternative to commonly used domain wall fermions is presented. Some
rigorous bounds on the condition number of the associated linear problem are
derived. On the basis of these bounds and some experimentation it is argued
that domain wall fermions will in general be associated with a condition number
that is of the same order of magnitude as the {\it product} of the condition
number of the linear problem in the physical dimensions by the inverse bare
quark mass. Thus, the computational cost of implementing true domain wall
fermions using a single conjugate gradient algorithm is of the same order of
magnitude as that of implementing the overlap Dirac operator directly using two
nested conjugate gradient algorithms. At a cost of about a factor of two in
operation count it is possible to make the memory usage of direct
implementations of the overlap Dirac operator independent of the accuracy of
the approximation to the sign function and of the same order as that of
standard Wilson fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6731 </DOCNO>
On the definition of temperature in dense granular media


  In this Letter we report the measurement of a pseudo-temperature for
compacting granular media on the basis of the Fluctuation-Dissipation relations
in the aging dynamics of a model system. From the violation of the
Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem an effective temperature emerges (a dynamical
temperature T_{dyn}) whose ratio with the equilibrium temperature T_d^{eq}
depends on the particle density. We compare the results for the
Fluctuation-Dissipation Ratio (FDR) T_{dyn}/T_d^{eq} at several densities with
the outcomes of Edwards' approach at the corresponding densities. It turns out
that the FDR and the so-called Edwards' ratio coincide at several densities
(very different ages of the system), opening in this way the door to
experimental checks as well as theoretical constructions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125533 </DOCNO>
A Useful Approximation to the Cooling Coefficient of Trace Elements


  Radiative cooling is an important ingredient in hydrodynamical models
involving evolution of high temperature plasmas. Unfortunately, calculating an
accurate cooling coefficient generally requires the solution of over a hundred
differential equations to follow the ionization. We discuss here a simple
2-parameter approximation for the cooling coefficient due to elements heavier
than H and He, for the temperature range $T= 10^{4}-10^{8}$K. Tests of the
method show that it successfully tracks the ionization level in severe
dynamical environments, and accurately approximates the non-equilibrium cooling
coefficient of the trace elements, usually to within 10% in all cases for which
cooling is actually important. The error is large only when the temperature is
dropping so rapidly due to expansion that radiative cooling is negligible, but
even in this situation, the ionization level is followed sufficiently
accurately. The current approximation is fully implemented in publicly
available FORTRAN code. A second paper will discuss general approaches to
approximation methods of this type, other realizations which could be even more
accurate, and the potential for extension to calculations of non-equilibrium
spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127016 </DOCNO>
Screw instability in black hole magnetospheres and a stabilizing effect


  The screw instability of magnetic field is a mechanism for prohibiting a
generation of strongly twisted field lines in large scales. If it can work in
black hole magnetospheres, the global axisymmetric structure and the main
process of energy release will be significantly influenced. In this paper, we
study the instability condition in the framework of the variational principle,
paying special attention to a stabilizing effect due to field-line rotation
against the screw-unstable modes satisfying the well-known Kruskal-Shafranov
criterion. The basic formulation for the stability analysis of rotating
force-free fields in Kerr geometry is provided. Then, for the practical use of
the analytical method, the stationary configuration is assumed to be
cylindrical, and we treat the long-wave mode perturbations excited at large
distances from the central black hole, where the strength of gravity becomes
negligibly small. This allows us to derive clearly the new criterion dependent
on the rotational angular velocity of magnetic field lines, and the
implications of the results obtained for magnetic activities of jets driven by
a black hole are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85957 </DOCNO>
Quantum backreaction of massive fields and self-consistent semiclassical


  We consider the effect of backreaction of quantized massive fields on the
metric of extreme black holes (EBH). We find the analytical approximate
expression for the stress-energy tensor for a scalar (with an arbitrary
coupling), spinor and vector fields near an event horizon. We show that,
independent of a concrete type of EBH, the energy measured by a freely falling
observer is finite on the horizon, so that quantum backreaction is consistent
with the existence of EBH. For the Reissner-Nordstrom EBH with a total mass
M_{tot} and charge Q we show that for all cases of physical interest M_{tot}<
Q. We also discuss different types of quantum-corrected Bertotti-Robinson
spacetimes, find for them exact self-consistent solutions and consider
situations in which tiny quantum corrections lead to the qualitative change of
the classical geometry and topology. In all cases one should start not from a
classical background with further adding quantum corrections but from the
quantum-corrected self-consistent geometries from the very beginning.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3030 </DOCNO>
Particles and fields in fluid turbulence


  The understanding of fluid turbulence has considerably progressed in recent
years. The application of the methods of statistical mechanics to the
description of the motion of fluid particles, i.e. to the Lagrangian dynamics,
has led to a new quantitative theory of intermittency in turbulent transport.
The first analytical description of anomalous scaling laws in turbulence has
been obtained. The underlying physical mechanism reveals the role of
statistical integrals of motion in non-equilibrium systems. For turbulent
transport, the statistical conservation laws are hidden in the evolution of
groups of fluid particles and arise from the competition between the expansion
of a group and the change of its geometry. By breaking the scale-invariance
symmetry, the statistically conserved quantities lead to the observed anomalous
scaling of transported fields. Lagrangian methods also shed new light on some
practical issues, such as mixing and turbulent magnetic dynamo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97066 </DOCNO>
Sets and Their Sizes


  This thesis presents an alternative to Cantor's theory of cardinality,
insofar as that is understood as a theory of set size.
  The alternative is based on a general theory, ClassSize. ClassSize contains
all sentences in the first order language with "subset" and "smaller-than"
predicates which are true in all finite power sets.
  ClassSize is decidable but not finitely axiomatizable.
  Every infinite completion of ClassSize has a model over the power set of the
natural numbers which satisfies an additional axiom, OUTPACING: If initial
segments of A eventually become smaller than the corresponding initial segments
of B, then A is smaller than B.
  Models which satisfy OUTPACING seem to accord with common intuitions about
set size. In particular, they agree with the ordering suggested by the notion
of "asymptotic density".

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149570 </DOCNO>
Twistor representation of null two-surfaces


  We present a twistor description for null two-surfaces (null strings) in 4D
Minkowski space-time. The Lagrangian density for a variational principle is
taken as a surface-forming null bivector. The proposed formulation is
reparametrization invariant and free of any algebraic and differential
constraints. The spinor formalism of Cartan-Penrose allows us to derive a
non-linear evolution equation for the world-sheet coordinate. An example of
null two-surface given by the two-dimensional self-intersection (caustic) of a
null hypersurface is studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97395 </DOCNO>
Regular graded algebras and obstructed categories with duality


  Regular and higher regular graded algebras (in simplest case satisfying Von
Neumann regularity $\Theta_{1}\Theta_{2}\Theta_{1}=\Theta_{1}$ instead of
anticommutativity) are introduced and their properties are studied. They are
described in terms of obstructed categories with nonclosed invertible and
noninvertible morphisms for which generalized (obstructed) functors and natural
transformations are given. Regular algebras and bialgebras are considered with
examples. Corresponding regularizations of the cross product and Wick algebras
are made.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5325 </DOCNO>
Three-body scattering problem and two-electron tunneling in molecular


  We solve the Lippmann-Schwinger equation describing elastic scattering of
preformed pairs (e.g. bipolarons) off a short-range scattering center and find
the two-particle transmission through a thin potential barrier. While the pair
transmission is smaller than the single-electron transmission in the
strong-coupling limit, it is remarkably larger in the weak coupling limit. We
also calculate current-voltage characteristics of a molecule - barrier -
molecule junction. They show unusual temperature and voltage behavior which are
experimentally verifiable at low temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3197 </DOCNO>
Modelling the structure of clusters of C_60 molecules


  We locate putative global minima for (C_60)_N clusters modelled by the
potential of Pacheco and Prates-Ramalho up to N=105. These minima are based on
icosahedral packing up to N=15, but above this size the lowest-energy
structures are decahedral or close-packed. Although structures based on the
98-molecule Leary tetrahedron, which have been inferred from experiment, are
not lowest in energy for this potential, an examination of the energetics of a
growth sequence leading to the Leary tetrahedron lends further support to the
experimental assignments. An analysis of the potential energy surface
topography and the thermodynamics of two example clusters indicates that the
multiple-funnel topography is likely to have a strong influence on the dynamics
of structure formation and that solid-solid transitions driven by differences
in vibrational entropy are likely to be common.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124222 </DOCNO>
Formation and Evolution of Black Hole X-ray Transient Systems


  We study the formation of low-mass black hole X-ray binaries with main
sequence companions that have formed through case C mass transfer (mass
transfer following the helium core burning phase of the black hole progenitor).
We identify these objects with the observed soft X-ray transients. Although
this scenario requires a set of fine tuned conditions, we are able to produce a
current Galactic population of about 2000 objects, in agreement with estimates
based on observations.
  The narrow interval in initial separations leading to case C mass transfer,
combined with the allowed narrow range of separations after the common envelope
evolution, constrains the common envelope efficiency in this scenario: $\lambda
\alpha_{ce} \approx 0.2-0.5$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41748 </DOCNO>
Determination of the wrong sign decay rate D0 -> K+pi- and the


  The D0 meson can decay to the wrong sign K+pi- state either through a doubly
Cabibbo suppressed decay or via mixing to the D0bar state followed by the
Cabibbo favoured decay D0bar -> K+ pi-. We measure the rate of wrong sign
decays relative to the Cabibbo favoured decay to (0.383 +- 0.044 +- 0.022)% and
give our sensitivity to a mixing signal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114407 </DOCNO>
Timing System of SPring-8 Booster Synchrotron


  The timing system of SPring-8 booster synchrotron generates various timing
signals concerning beam injection, acceleration from 1 GeV to 8 GeV and
ejection. We have improved the timing system of the synchrotron giving it
better stability and flexibility. This improvement results the other merits of
advanced operations, for example, storing electron beam in the synchrotron,
changing the injection cycle from 1 Hz to the slower frequency to increase the
RF knock-out (RF-KO) operation period and ejecting the low energy beam during
ramping up.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95564 </DOCNO>
Gromov-Witten theory, Hurwitz numbers, and Matrix models, I


  The main goal of the paper is to present a new approach via Hurwitz numbers
to Kontsevich's combinatorial/matrix model for the intersection theory of the
moduli space of curves. A secondary goal is to present an exposition of the
circle of ideas involved: Hurwitz numbers, Gromov-Witten theory of the
projective line, matrix integrals, and the theory of random trees. Further
topics will be treated in a sequel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96257 </DOCNO>
Elliptic Selberg integrals


  We present an elliptic version of Selberg's integral formula.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97816 </DOCNO>
Matrices related to the Pascal triangle


  The aim of this paper is to study determinants of matrices related to the
Pascal triangle.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72577 </DOCNO>
Leading electroweak logarithms at one loop


  We summarize results for the complete one-loop electroweak logarithmic
corrections for general processes at high energies and fixed angles. Our
results are applicable to arbitrary matrix elements that are not
mass-suppressed. We give explicit results for W-boson-pair production in e^+e^-
annihilation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5973 </DOCNO>
Comment on "Why is the DNA denaturation transition first order?"


  In this comment we argue that while the conclusions in the original paper (Y.
Kafri, D. Mukamel and L. Peliti, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 4988 (2000)) are
correct for asymptotically long DNA chains, they do not apply to the chains
used in typical experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129265 </DOCNO>
Mass/Light Variations with Environment


  In the local part of the universe, a majority of the total mass is in only a
small number of groups with short dynamical times. The Virgo Cluster dominates
far out of proportion to its contribution in light. Ninety percent of the total
mass is in groups with 12.5 < log (M/M_sun) < 15.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76906 </DOCNO>
$K^+\to \pi^+\nu\bar\nu$: a rising star on the stage of flavour physics


  Motivated by the new experimental information reported by the BNL--E787
Collaboration, we analyse the present impact and the future prospects opened by
the measurement of $\br(K^+\to\pi^+\nu\bar\nu)$. Although still affected by a
large error, the BNL--E787 result favours values of $\br(K^+\to
\pi^+\nu\bar\nu)$ substantially larger than what expected within the Standard
Model. As a result, this data already provide non-trivial constraints on the
unitarity triangle, when interpreted within the Standard Model framework. We
stress the importance of the clean relation between $\br(K^+\to
\pi^+\nu\bar\nu)$, $\sin2\beta$ and $\Delta M_{B_d}/\Delta M_{B_s}$ that in the
next few years could provide one of the deepest probes of the Standard Model in
the sector of quark-flavour dynamics. A speculative discussion about possible
non-standard interpretations of a large $\br(K^+\to \pi^+\nu\bar\nu)$ is also
presented. Two main scenarios naturally emerge: those with direct new-physics
contributions to the $s \to d \nu\bar\nu$ amplitude and those with direct
new-physics effects only in $B_d$--$\bar B_d$ mixing. Realistic models
originating these two scenarios and possible future strategies to clearly
identify them are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124155 </DOCNO>
The Host Haloes of Lyman Break Galaxies and Sub-millimeter Sources


  We use the observed sizes and star formation rates of Lyman-break galaxies
(LBGs) to understand their properties expected in the hierarchical scenario of
galaxy formation. The observed size distribution constrains the masses of the
host haloes of LBGs from below, while the observed star-formation distribution
constrains the masses from above. Assuming a flat CDM model with a cosmological
constant ($\Omega_\Lambda=0.7$), we find that consistency with observations
requires the circular velocities of LBG host haloes to be in the range
100--$300 {\rm km s^{-1}}$. The predicted comoving correlation length of these
objects is $\sim 3 h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$, and the predicted velocity dispersion of
their stellar contents is typically $70 {\rm km s^{-1}}$. The same prescription
applied to larger haloes in the CDM cosmogony predicts the existence of
galaxies with star formation rates $\sim 1000 {\rm M_\odot yr^{-1}}$ at
redshift $z\sim 3$. We explore the possibility of identifying these galaxies to
be the bright sub-millimeter (sub-mm) sources detected by SCUBA. The model
predicts that the host haloes of these sub-mm sources are massive. These
galaxies are predicted to be strongly correlated, with a comoving correlation
length of $\sim 7 h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. The descendants of the bright sub-mm
sources should reside in clusters of galaxies at the present time, and it is
likely that these objects are the progenitors of giant ellipticals. The model
predicts the existence of a relatively bright and red population of galaxies at
$z\sim 3$, which may be observed in the K-band.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129518 </DOCNO>
Supershells and the closest GRB remnants


  Following recent suggestions of a gamma-ray burst origin of large ISM holes
(supershells) detected in the galaxy, we discuss the effects of the recently
discovered shell GSH 238+00+09 (and other nearby extremely energetic
supershells) on the earth's atmosphere. We argue that the large flux of gammas
from these specific events would have provoked major catastrophes to living
organisms. The lack of evidence for the latter can then be used to rule out
local isotropic nearby GRBs in the last tens of Myr and another origin for
large supershells is likely. Alternatively, this argument may be taken as
independent evidence for beaming of the gamma rays, although statistics are not
yet sufficient to constrain the beaming angle better than $\sim$ tens of
degrees. The effects of less-energetic events of the type of SN1998bw are also
considered. It is shown that more than a dozen of them should have occurred
within $40 (E/10^{48} erg)^{1/2} pc$ of the earth in the last 500 Myr with
similar effects. Beaming of the latter would also alleviate the conflict,
although another likely possibility (an actual rate much smaller than $10^{-4}
yr^{-1}$) may be a solution, at the same time avoiding an excessive number of
supershells active in the galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2970 </DOCNO>
Low temperature physics at room temperature in water: Charge inversion


  We review recent advances in the physics of strongly interacting charged
systems functioning in water at room temperature. We concentrate on the
phenomena which go beyond the framework of mean field theories, whether linear
Debye-Huckel or non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann. We place major emphasis on charge
inversion - a counterintuitive phenomenon in which a strongly charged particle,
called macroion, binds so many counterions that its net charge changes sign. We
discuss the universal theory of charge inversion based on the idea of a
strongly correlated liquid of adsorbed counterions, similar to a Wigner
crystal. This theory has a vast array of applications, particularly in biology
and chemistry; for example, the DNA double helix in the presence of positive
multivalent ions (e.g., polycations) acquires a net positive charge and drifts
as a positive particle in electric field. This simplifies DNA uptake by the
cell as needed for gene therapy, because the cell membrane is negatively
charged. We discuss also the analogies of charge inversion in other fields of
physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5803 </DOCNO>
Interacting crumpled manifolds


  In this article we study the effect of a delta-interaction on a polymerized
membrane of arbitrary internal dimension D. Depending on the dimensionality of
membrane and embedding space, different physical scenarios are observed. We
emphasize on the difference of polymers from membranes. For the latter,
non-trivial contributions appear at the 2-loop level. We also exploit a
``massive scheme'' inspired by calculations in fixed dimensions for scalar
field theories. Despite the fact that these calculations are only amenable
numerically, we found that in the limit of D to 2 each diagram can be evaluated
analytically. This property extends in fact to any order in perturbation
theory, allowing for a summation of all orders. This is a novel and quite
surprising result. Finally, an attempt to go beyond D=2 is presented.
Applications to the case of self-avoiding membranes are mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124630 </DOCNO>
Sub-arcsecond imaging of SiO in the HH 211 protostellar jet


  We present images of the HH 211 molecular jet in the SiO v=0, J=1-0 line at
43 GHz made with the Very Large Array at approximately 0.5 arcsec resolution.
The SiO emission appears to trace primarily internal bowshocks in the outflow,
suggesting that the dust and molecular gas are accelerated via prompt
entrainment at internal working surfaces in the jet. There is also some
evidence for limb-brightening of the SiO emission, indicating that SiO emission
may also arise from entrainment in the jet's boundary layer. Excitation
temperatures of >~150-200 K are inferred from the SiO emission. Enhancements in
the SiO abundance of ~10^6 over interstellar values are observed, and the
possible origin of the SiO is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40957 </DOCNO>
Multiplicity moments in deep inelastic scattering at HERA


  Multiplicity moments of charged particles in deep inelastic E+P scattering
have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated
luminosity of 38.4 pb^{-1}$. The moments for Q^2 > 1000 GeV^2 were studied in
the current region of the Breit frame. The evolution of the moments was
investigated as a function of restricted regions in polar angle and, for the
first time, both in the transverse momentum and in absolute momentum of
final-state particles. Analytic perturbative QCD predictions in conjunction
with the hypothesis of Local Parton-Hadron Duality (LPHD) reproduce the trends
of the moments in polar-angle regions, although some discrepancies are
observed. For the moments restricted either in transverse or absolute momentum,
the analytic results combined with the LPHD hypothesis show considerable
deviations from the measurements. The study indicates a large influence of the
hadronisation stage on the multiplicity distributions in the restricted
phase-space regions studied here, which is inconsistent with the expectations
of the LPHD hypothesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73294 </DOCNO>
Finite temperature field theory


  These lectures review phases and phase transitions of the Standard Model,
with emphasis on those aspects which are amenable to a first principle study.
Model calculations and theoretical ideas of practical applicability are
discussed as well. Contents: 1.Overview; 2. Field Theory at Finite Temperature
and Density; 3.Critical Phenomena; 4.Electroweak Interactions at Finite
Temperature; 5. Thermodynamics of Four Fermions models; 6.The Phases of QCD;
7.QCD at Finite Temperature, $\mu_B = 0$; 8.QCD at Finite Temperature, $\mu_B
\ne 0$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86216 </DOCNO>
Rates of Observable Black Hole Emergence in Supernovae


  A newly formed black hole may be directly identified if late-time accretion
of material from the base of the ejected envelope generates a luminosity that
is observable in the tail of the supernova light curve. In this work we
estimate the rate at which events where the black hole ``emerges'' in the
supernova light curve can be detected with present capabilities. Our
investigation is based on an analytical model of the accretion luminosity at
emergence as a function of progenitor mass, coupled to the inferred rate of
observed Type II supernovae in nearby galaxies. We find through a parameter
survey that under optimistic assumptions the potential rate of observable
events can be as high as several per year. However, supernovae which produce
black holes are also likely to be low energy explosions and therefore
subluminous, as was the case for the best candidate to date, SN1997D. If black
hole-forming supernovae are underdetected owing to lower luminosities, the rate
of observing black hole emergence is probably not larger than once every few
years. We therefore emphasize the importance of dedicated searches for nearby
supernovae as well as faint supernovae projects for improving the prospects of
observationally certifying the supernova--black hole connection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169031 </DOCNO>
Universal Simulation of Hamiltonians Using a Finite Set of Control


  Any quantum system with a non-trivial Hamiltonian is able to simulate any
other Hamiltonian evolution provided that a sufficiently large group of unitary
control operations is available. We show that there exist finite groups with
this property and present a sufficient condition in terms of group characters.
We give examples of such groups in dimension 2 and 3. Furthermore, we show that
it is possible to simulate an arbitrary bipartite interaction by a given one
using such groups acting locally on the subsystems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41304 </DOCNO>
Diffractive Jet Production in DIS - Testing QCD Factorisation


  A measurement is presented of diffractive dijet production in deep-inelastic
scattering (DIS) interactions at HERA of the type ep-->eXY, where the X system
is separated by a large rapidity gap from a low-mass leading baryonic system Y.
The data are consistent with QCD factorisation in diffractive DIS and yield
tight constraints on both shape and normalisation of the diffractive gluon
distribution. The data are able to distinguish between various models for
diffractive DIS and are in agreement with a 2-gluon exchange calculation at
small x-pom values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74732 </DOCNO>
Brane world sum rules and the AdS soliton


  We discuss brane world sum rules for compactifications involving an arbitrary
number of spacetime dimensions. One of the most striking results derived from
such consistency conditions is the necessity for negative tension branes to
appear in five-dimensional scenarios. We show how this result can be evaded for
brane world models with more than five dimensions. As an example, we consider a
novel realization of the Randall-Sundrum scenario in six dimensions involving
only positive tension branes. A complete account of our results appeared in
hep-th/0106140.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 807 </DOCNO>
Effective Spin Models for Spin-Phonon Chains by Flow Equations


  We investigate the anti-adiabatic limit of an anti-ferromagnetic S=1/2
Heisenberg chain coupled to Einstein phonons. The flow equation method is used
to decouple the spin and the phonon part of the Hamiltonian. In the effective
spin model long range spin-spin interactions are generated. We determine the
phase transition from a gapless state to a gapped (dimerised) phase, which
occurs at a non-zero value of the spin-phonon coupling. In the effective phonon
sector a phonon hardening is observed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1555 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Density-matrix renormalization-group method for excited


  In a Physical Review B paper Chandross and Hicks claim that an analysis of
the density-density correlation function in the dimerised Hubbard model of
polyacetylene indicates that the optical exciton is bound, and that a previous
study by Boman and Bursill that concluded otherwise was incorrect due to
numerical innacuracy. We show that the method used in our original paper was
numerically sound and well established in the literature. We also show that,
when the scaling with lattice size is analysed, the interpretation of the
density-density correlation function adopted by Chandross and Hicks in fact
implies that the optical exciton is unbound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114521 </DOCNO>
Optimising the linear collider luminosity: feedback on nanosecond


  I summarise the R&D programme on a nanosecond-timescale fast-feedback system
for luminosity optimisation at the linear collider

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85801 </DOCNO>
Black Holes with Polyhedral Multi-String Configurations


  We find exact solutions of the Einstein equations which describe a black hole
pierced by infinitely thin cosmic strings. The string segments enter the black
hole along the radii and their positions coincide with the symmetry axes of a
regular polyhedron. Each string produces an angle deficit proportional to its
tension, while the metric outside the strings is locally Schwarzschild one.
There are three configurations corresponding to tetrahedra, octahedra and
icosahedra where the number of string segments is 14, 26 and 62, respectively.
There is also a "double pyramid" configuration where the number of string
segments is not fixed. There can be two or three independent types of strings
in one configuration. Tensions of strings belonging to the same type are equal.
Analogous polyhedral multi-string configurations can be combined with other
spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein equations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126770 </DOCNO>
Exploring the Gamma Ray Horizon with the next generation of Gamma Ray


  The physics potential of the next generation of Gamma Ray Telescopes in
exploring the Gamma Ray Horizon is discussed. It is shown that the reduction in
the Gamma Ray detection threshold might open the window to use precise
determinations of the Gamma Ray Horizon as a function of the redshift to either
put strong constraints on the Extragalactic Background Light modeling or to
obtain relevant independent constraints in some fundamental cosmological
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83553 </DOCNO>
Quantum Pushdown Automata


  Quantum finite automata, as well as quantum pushdown automata (QPA) were
first introduced by C. Moore and J. P. Crutchfield. In this paper we introduce
the notion of QPA in a non-equivalent way, including unitarity criteria, by
using the definition of quantum finite automata of Kondacs and Watrous. It is
established that the unitarity criteria of QPA are not equivalent to the
corresponding unitarity criteria of quantum Turing machines. We show that QPA
can recognize every regular language. Finally we present some simple languages
recognized by QPA, not recognizable by deterministic pushdown automata.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128600 </DOCNO>
Determination of Nucleosynthetic Yields of Supernovae and Very Massive


  (Abridged) We determine the yields of Na to Ni for Type II supernovae (SNe
II) and the yield patterns of the same elements for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia)
and very massive (>100 M_sun) stars (VMS) using a phenomenological model of
stellar nucleosynthesis and the data on a number of stars with -4<[Fe/H]<-3, a
single star with [Fe/H]=-2.04, and the sun. We consider that there are two
distinct kinds of SNe II: the high-frequency SNe II(H) and the low-frequency
SNe II(L). We also consider that VMS were the dominant first-generation stars
formed from big bang debris. The yield patterns of Na to Ni for SNe II(H),
II(L), and Ia and VMS appear to be well defined. It is found that SNe II(H)
produce almost none of these elements, that SNe II(L) can account for the
entire solar inventory of Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, and V, and that compared with SNe
II(L), VMS underproduce Na, Al, V, Cr, and Mn, overproduce Co, but otherwise
have an almost identical yield pattern. A comparison is made between the yield
patterns determined here from the observational data and those from ab initio
models of nucleosynthesis in SNe II and VMS. The evolution of the other
elements relative to Fe is shown to involve three distinct stages, the earliest
of which is directly related to the problems of early aggregation and
dispersion of baryonic matter. It is argued that the VMS contributions should
represent the typical composition of dispersed baryonic matter in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74939 </DOCNO>
Cosmic no-hair: non-linear asymptotic stability of de Sitter universe


  We study the asymptotic stability of de Sitter spacetime with respect to
non-linear perturbations, by considering second order perturbations of a flat
Robertson-Walker universe with dust and a positive cosmological constant. Using
the synchronous comoving gauge we find that, as in the case of linear
perturbations, the non-linear perturbations also tend to constants,
asymptotically in time. Analysing curvature and other spacetime invariants we
show, however, that these quantities asymptotically tend to their de Sitter
values, thus demonstrating that the geometry is indeed locally asymptotically
de Sitter, despite the fact that matter inhomogeneities tend to constants in
time. Our results support the inflationary picture of frozen amplitude matter
perturbations that are stretched outside the horizon, and demonstrate the
validity of the cosmic no-hair conjecture in the nonlinear inhomogeneous
settings considered here.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125162 </DOCNO>
Discovery of an X-ray pulsar in the low-mass X-ray binary 2A 1822-371


  We report the discovery of 0.59 s X-ray pulsations from the low-mass X-ray
binary, 5.57 hr dipping and eclipsing ADC source 2A 1822-371. Pulse arrival
time analysis indicates a circular orbit with e < 0.03 (95% confidence) and an
asini for the neutron star of 1.006(5) lightseconds, implying a mass function
of (2.03+-0.03) x 10^-2 M_sun. The barycentric pulse period was 0.59325(2) s in
1996.270 and 0.59308615(5) s in 1998.205, indicating an average spin up with
P_dot/P = (-1.52+-0.02) x 10^-4 yr^-1. For a magnetic field strength of ~1--5 x
10^12 G as derived from the X-ray spectrum the implied intrinsic X-ray
luminosity is ~2-4 x 10^37 erg s^-1. The pulse amplitude is low, but increases
steeply as a function of energy from a sinusoidal amplitude of 0.25% in 2-5.4
keV to ~3% above 20 keV. We discuss the constraints on the masses of the
companion star and the fact that several aspects of the energy spectrum are in
qualitative accordance with that of a strongly magnetised neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75767 </DOCNO>
Leptogenesis and Low-energy Observables


  We relate leptogenesis in a class of theories to low-energy experimental
observables: quark and lepton masses and mixings. With reasonable assumptions
motivated by grand unification, one can show that the CP-asymmetry parameter
takes a universal form. Furthermore the dilution mass is related to the light
neutrino masses. Overall, these models offer a natural explanation for a lepton
asymmetry in the early universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1558 </DOCNO>
An Exact Solution to a Three Dimensional Ising Model and Dimensional


  A high temperature expansion is employed to map some complex anisotropic
nonhermitian three and four dimensional Ising models with algebraic long range
interactions into a solvable two dimensional variant. We also address the
dimensional reductions for anisotropic two dimensional XY and other models. For
the latter and related systems it is possible to have an effective reduction in
the dimension without the need of compactifying some dimensions. Some solutions
are presented. This framework further allows for some very simple general
observations. It will be seen that the absence of a ``phase interference''
effect plays an important role in high dimensional problems. A very forbidding
purely algebraic recursive series solution to the three dimensional nearest
neighbor Ising model will be given. In the aftermath, the full-blown three
dimensional nearest neighbor Ising model is exactly mapped onto a single spin
1/2 particle with nontrivial dynamics. All this allows for a formal high
dimensional Bosonization.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1863 </DOCNO>
Quantum lattice fluctuations in a model electron-phonon system


  An analytical approach, based on the unitary transformation method, has been
developed to study the effect of quantum lattice fluctuations on the ground
state of a model electron-phonon system. To study nonadiabatic case, the
Green's function method is used to implement the perturbation treatment. The
phase diagram and the density of states of fermions are obtained. We show that
when electron-phonon coupling constant $\alpha^{2}/K$ decreases or phonon
frequency $\omega_{\pi}$ increases the lattice dimerization and the gap in the
fermion spectrum decrease gradually. At some critical value the system becomes
gapless and the lattice dimerization disappears. The inverse-square-root
singularity of the density of states at the gap edge in the adiabatic case
disappears because of the nonadiabatic effect, which is consistent with the
measurement of optical conductivity in quasi-one-dimensional systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1666 </DOCNO>
Phase-Field Formulation for Quantitative Modeling of Alloy


  A phase-field formulation is introduced to simulate quantitatively
microstructural pattern formation in alloys. The thin-interface limit of this
formulation yields a much less stringent restriction on the choice of interface
thickness than previous formulations and permits to eliminate non-equilibrium
effects at the interface. Dendrite growth simulations with vanishing solid
diffusivity show that both the interface evolution and the solute profile in
the solid are well resolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4506 </DOCNO>
Muon-spin-relaxation study of the magnetic penetration depth in MgB2


  The magnetic vortex lattice (VL) of polycrystalline MgB2 has been
investigated by transverse-field muon-spin-relaxation (TF-MuSR). The evolution
of TF-MuSR depolarization rate, sigma, that is proportional to the second
moment of the field distribution of the VL has been studied as a function of
temperature and applied magnetic field. The low temperature value s exhibits a
pronounced peak near Hext = 75 mT. This behavior is characteristic of strong
pinning induced distortions of the VL which put into question the
interpretation of the low-field TF-MuSR data in terms of the magnetic
penetration depth lambda(T). An approximately constant value of sigma, such as
expected for an ideal VL in the London-limit, is observed at higher fields of
Hext > 0.4 T. The TF-MuSR data at Hext = 0.6 T are analyzed in terms of a
two-gap model. We obtain values for the gap size of D1 = 6.0 meV (2D1/kBTc =
3.6), D2 = 2.6 meV (2D2/kBTc = 1.6), a comparable spectral weight of the two
bands and a zero temperature value for the magnetic penetration depth of lambda
= 100 nm. In addition, we performed MuSR-measurements in zero external field
(ZF-MuSR). We obtain evidence that the muon site (at low temperature) is
located on a ring surrounding the center of the boron hexagon. Muon diffusion
sets in already at rather low temperature of T > 10 K. The nuclear magnetic
moments can account for the observed relaxation rate and no evidence for
electronic magnetic moments has been obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2548 </DOCNO>
Microscopic dynamics of molecular liquids and glasses: Role of


  We investigate the dynamics of a fluid of dipolar hard spheres in its liquid
and glassy phase, with emphasis on the microscopic time or frequency regime.
This system shows rather different glass transition scenarios related to its
rich equilibrium behavior which ranges from a simple hard sphere fluid to a
long range ferroelectric orientational order. In the liquid phase close to the
ideal glass transition line and in the glassy regime a medium range
orientational order occurs leading to a softening of an orientational mode. To
investigate the role of this mode we use the molecular mode-coupling equations
to calculate the spectra $\phi_{lm}^{\prime \prime}(q,\omega)$ and $\chi
_{lm}''(q,\omega)$. In the center of mass spectra $ \phi_{00}''(q,\omega)$ and
$\chi_{00}''(q,\omega)$ we found besides a high frequency peak at $\omega
_{hf}$ a peak at $\omega_{op}$, about one decade below $\omega_{hf}$. $\omega
_{op}$ has almost no $q$-dependence and exhibits an ``isotope'' effect $\omega
_{op}\propto I^{-1/2}$, with $I$ the moment of inertia. We give evidence that
the existence of this peak is related to the occurrence of the medium ranged
orientational order. It is shown that some of these feature also exist for
schematic mode coupling models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3960 </DOCNO>
Theory of melting of vortex lattice in high Tc superconductors


  Theory of melting of the vortex lattice in type II superconductors in the
framework of Ginzburg - Landau approach is presented. The melting line location
is determined and magnetization and specific heat jumps along it are
calculated. The magnetization of liquid is larger than that of solid by 1.8%
irrespective of the melting temperature, while the specific heat jump is about
6% and decreases slowly with temperature. The magnetization curves agrees with
experimental results on YBCO and Monte Carlo simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75102 </DOCNO>
Improving the Renormalization Group approach to the quantum-mechanical


  The gap between ground and first excited state of the quantum-mechanical
double well is calculated using the Renormalization Group equations to the
second order in the derivative expansion, obtained within a class of proper
time regulators. Agreement with the exact results is obtained both in the
strong and weak coupling regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76183 </DOCNO>
Peripheral heavy ion collisions as a probe of the nuclear gluon


  At high energies a quark-gluon plasma is expected to be formed in heavy ion
collisions at RHIC and LHC. The theoretical description of these processes is
directly associated to a complete knowledge of the details of medium effects in
the nuclear gluon distribution. In this paper we analyze the possibility to
constraint the behavior of this distribution considering peripheral heavy ion
collisions. We reanalyze the photoproduction of heavy quarks for the deduction
of the in-medium gluon distribution using three current parameterizations for
this parton distribution. Moreover, we show that the elastic photoproduction of
vector mesons is a potential process to probe the nuclear gluon distribution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169408 </DOCNO>
Seven Steps Towards the Classical World


  Classical physics is about real objects, like apples falling from trees,
whose motion is governed by Newtonian laws. In standard Quantum Mechanics only
the wave function or the results of measurements exist, and to answer the
question of how the classical world can be part of the quantum world is a
rather formidable task. However, this is not the case for Bohmian mechanics,
which, like classical mechanics, is a theory about real objects. In Bohmian
terms, the problem of the classical limit becomes very simple: when do the
Bohmian trajectories look Newtonian?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97133 </DOCNO>
A Note on Applications of Support Vector Machine


  We describe in a rudimentary fashion how SVM(support vector machine) plays
the role of classifier in a mathematical setting. We then discuss its
application in the study of multiple SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)
variations. Also presented is a set of preliminary test results with clinical
data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99067 </DOCNO>
On Euler classes of abelian-by-finite groups


  Let $G$ be a finitely generated abelian-by-finite group and $k$ a field of
characteristic $p\ge 0$. The Euler class $[k_G]$ of $G$ over $k$ is the class
of the trivial $kG$-module in the Grothendieck group $G_0(kG)$. We show that
$[k_G]$ has finite order if and only if every $p$-regular element of $G$ has
infinite centralizer in $G$. We also give a lower bound for the order of the
Euler class in terms of suitable finite subgroups of $G$. This lower bound is
derived from a more general result on finite-dimensional representations of
smash products of Hopf algebras.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95705 </DOCNO>
Tate cohomology of circle actions as a Heisenberg group


  We study the Madsen-Tillman spectrum \CP^\infty_{-1} as a quotient of the
Mahowald pro-object \CP^\infty_{-\infty}, which is closely related to the Tate
cohomology of circle actions. That theory has an associated symplectic
structure, whose symmetries define the Virasoro operations on the cohomology of
moduli space constructed by Kontsevich and Witten.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123517 </DOCNO>
The central kiloparsec-scale structure of galaxies


  This review summarizes some aspects of the central kiloparsec scale structure
of galaxies, and in particular spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies and merger
remnants. The focus is on results from optical and near-IR imaging and
spectroscopy, with emphasis on recent work with the Hubble Space Telescope.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2008 </DOCNO>
Specific Heat of Mg ^{11}B_2


  Measurements of the specific heat of Mg ^{11}B_2 (MgB2), from 1 to 50 K, in
magnetic fields to 9 T, give the Debye temperature, $\Theta$ = 1050 K, the
coefficient of the normal-state electron contribution, $\gamma_n$ = 2.6 mJ
mol^{-1} K^{-2}, and a discontinuity in the zero-field specific heat of 133 mJ
mol^{-1} K^{-1} at $T_c$ = 38.7 K. The estimated value of the electron-phonon
coupling parameter, $\lambda$ = 0.62, could account for the observed $T_c$ only
if the important phonon frequencies are unusually high relative to $\Theta$. At
low $T$, there is a strongly field-dependent feature that suggests the
existence of a second energy gap, about four times smaller than the major gap.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 651 </DOCNO>
The Spectrum of the Loop Transfer Matrix on Finite Lattice


  We consider the model of random surfaces with extrinsic curvature term
embedded into 3d Euclidean lattice $Z^3$. On a 3d Euclidean lattice it has
equivalent representation in terms of transfer matrix $K(Q_{i},Q_{f})$, which
describes the propagation of loops $Q$. We study the spectrum of the transfer
matrix $K(Q_{i},Q_{f})$ on finite dimensional lattices. The renormalisation
group technique is used to investigate phase structure of the model and its
critical behaviour.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6877 </DOCNO>
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Linewidths and Lineshapes for the


  We study theoretically Electron Paramagentic Resonance (EPR) linewidths for
single crystals of the molecular magnets Fe$_8$ and Mn$_{12}$ as functions of
energy eigenstates $M_s$, frequency, and temperature when a magnetic field
along the easy axis is swept at fixed excitation frequency. This work was
motivated by recent EPR experiments. To calculate the linewidths, we use
density-matrix equations, including dipolar interactions and distributions of
the uniaxial anisotropy parameter $D$ and the Land\'{e} $g$ factor. Our
calculated linewidths agree well with the experimental data. We also examine
the lineshapes of the EPR spectra due to local rotations of the magnetic
anisotropy axes caused by defects in samples. Our preliminary results predict
that this effect leads to asymmetry in the EPR spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168052 </DOCNO>
Bell's Inequality: More Tests Are Needed


  According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality
are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not
been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality
and detection efficiency loopholes, although making a very significant
progress, have conceptual drawbacks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 394 </DOCNO>
Comparative study of density functional theories of the


  We present a detailed study of the exchange-correlation hole and
exchange-correlation energy per particle in the Si crystal as calculated by the
Variational Monte Carlo method and predicted by various density functional
models. Nonlocal density averaging methods prove to be successful in correcting
severe errors in the local density approximation (LDA) at low densities where
the density changes dramatically over the correlation length of the LDA hole,
but fail to provide systematic improvements at higher densities where the
effects of density inhomogeneity are more subtle. Exchange and correlation
considered separately show a sensitivity to the nonlocal semiconductor crystal
environment, particularly within the Si bond, which is not predicted by the
nonlocal approaches based on density averaging. The exchange hole is well
described by a bonding orbital picture, while the correlation hole has a
significant component due to the polarization of the nearby bonds, which
partially screens out the anisotropy in the exchange hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 847 </DOCNO>
Strong quantum fluctuation of vortices in the new superconductor $MgB_2$


  By using transport and magnetic measurement, the upper critical field
$H_{c2}(T)$ and the irreversibility line $H_{irr}(T)$ has been determined. A
big separation between $H_{c2}(0)$ and $H_{irr}(0)$ has been found showing the
existence of a quantum vortex liquid state induced by quantum fluctuation of
vortices in the new superconductor $MgB_2$. Further investigation on the
magnetic relaxation shows that both the quantum tunneling and the thermally
activated flux creep weakly depends on temperature. But when the melting field
$H_{irr}$ is approached, a drastic rising of the relaxation rate is observed.
This may imply that the melting of the vortex matter at a finite temperature is
also induced by the quantum fluctuation of vortices.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125623 </DOCNO>
High Resolution Spectroscopy of Two Oxygen-Rich SNRs with the Chandra


  The HETG can be used to obtain spatially resolved spectra of moderately
extended sources. We present preliminary results for two well studied, oxygen
rich supernova remnants in the Magellanic clouds, E0102-72 and N132D. The
dispersed spectrum of E0102-72 shows images of the remnant in the light of
individual emission lines from H-like and He-like ions of O, Mg, Ne and He-like
Si with no evidence of Fe. The diameters of the images for various ions,
measured in the cross-dispersion direction, increase monotonically with the
ionization age for the given ion. This shows in detail the progression of the
reverse shock through the expanding stellar ejecta. We see clear evidence for
asymmetric Doppler shifts across E0102-72 of ~2000 km/s. These can be modelled
approximately by a partially-filled, expanding shell inclined to the line of
sight. The dispersed spectrum of N132D is more affected by spatial/spectral
overlap but also shows monochromatic images in several strong lines.
Preliminary spectra have been extracted for several bright knots. Some regions
of oxygen-rich material, presumably stellar ejecta, are clearly identified.
Additional details on E0102-72 are presented by Flanagan et al. and Davis et
al. in these proceedings, and further analysis is in progress.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127162 </DOCNO>
A Comparative Study of Damped Lyman Alpha Galaxies


  We compare the properties of a sample of local (z=0) gas-rich galaxies
studied in 21 cm emission to a sample of 13 low-redshift (z < 1) damped Lyman
alpha (DLA) galaxies identified as the counterparts of low-redshift DLA systems
found in QSO absorption-line surveys. This absorption-selected sample has
average redshift <z> = 0.5. We find that many of the properties of the two
samples are comparable. However, consideration of the statistical results on
all known low-redshift DLA systems indicates that there is: (1) a somewhat
higher incidence and cosmological mass density for the low-redshift DLA systems
in comparison to expectations at z=0 and (2) an unexpectedly high rate of
occurrence of very large column density [N(HI) > 1E21 atoms/cm^2] low-redshift
DLA systems; both of these results are discussed by Rao & Turnshek in these
proceedings. These differences, coupled with imaging studies, suggest that
there may be an excess of low-redshift DLA galaxies in the form of dwarf and/or
low surface brightness galaxies. Some examples of low-redshift DLA galaxies are
shown by Nestor et al. in these proceedings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149097 </DOCNO>
The Dual Phases of Massless/Massive Kalb-Ramond Fields


  We have developed dualization of ordinary and ``Stueckelberg compensated''
massive phase for the Kalb-Ramond theory. The compensated phase allows to study
the interplay between spin jumping and duality. We show that spin jumping is
caused by mass, while gauge symmetry is not necessary for this effect to take
place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2300 </DOCNO>
Vertex corrections in nearly ferroelectric superconductors


  We investigate the effect of an incipient ferrolectric transition on vertex
corrections to the superconducting pairing interaction. The vertex corrections
for small momentum transfers are large independent of the type of Boson
responsible for the superconducting transition. The electron-phonon interaction
is found to be enhanced by a nearly ferroelectric medium. We discuss
application to the cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3782 </DOCNO>
Superconductivity in a pyrochlore oxide Cd2Re2O7


  We make the first report that a metallic pyrochlore oxide \Cd2Re2O7, exhibits
type II superconductivity at 1.1 K. The pyrochlore oxide is known to be a
geometrical frustrated system, which includes the tetrahedral network of
magnetic ions. A large number of compounds are classified in the family of
pyrochlore oxides, and these compounds exhibit a wide variety of physical
properties ranging from insulator through semiconductor and from bad metal to
good metal. Until now, however, no superconductivity has been reported for
frustrated pyrochlore oxides. The bulk superconductivity of this compound is
confirmed by measurements of the resistivity and the a. c. magnetic
susceptibility. The \Hc2, which is extrapolated to 0 K, is estimated as about
0.8 T, using the resistivity measurements under aplied field. The plot of \Hc2
vs $T$ indicates that the Cooper pairs are composed of rather heavy
quasiparticles. This fact suggests that frustrated heavy electrons become
superconducting in this compound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5553 </DOCNO>
Scaling Exponents of Rough Surfaces Generated by the Domany-Kinzel


  The critical behavior at the frozen/active transition in the Domany-Kinzel
stochastic cellular automaton (DKCA) is studied {\it via} a surface growth
process in (1+1) dimensions. At criticality, this process presents a kinetic
roughening transition; we measure the critical exponents in simulations. Two
update schemes are considered: in the symmetric scheme, the growth surfaces
belong to the Directed Percolation (DP) universality class, except at one
terminal point. At this point, the phase transition is discontinuous and the
surfaces belong to the Compact Directed Percolation universality class. The
relabeling of space-time points in the nonsymmetric scheme alters the surface
growth dramatically. The critical behavior of rough surfaces at the
nonchaotic/chaotic transition is also studied using the damage spreading
technique; the exponents confirm DP values for the symmetric scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4251 </DOCNO>
Electron transport in the dye sensitized nanocrystalline cell


  Dye sensitised nanocrystalline solar cells (Gr\"{a}tzel cells) have achieved
solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiencies of 12% in diffuse daylight.
The cell is based on a thin film of dye-sensitised nanocrystalline TiO$_2$
interpenetrated by a redox electrolyte. The high surface area of the TiO$_2$
and the spectral characteristics of the dye allow the device to harvest 46% of
the solar energy flux. One of the puzzling features of dye-sensitised
nano-crystalline solar cells is the slow electron transport in the titanium
dioxide phase. The available experimental evidence as well as theoretical
considerations suggest that the driving force for electron collection at the
substrate contact arises primarily from the concentration gradient, ie the
contribution of drift is negligible. The transport of electrons has been
characterised by small amplitude pulse or intensity modulated illumination.
Here, we show how the transport of electrons in the Gr\"{a}tzel cell can be
described quantitatively using trap distributions obtained from a novel charge
extraction method with a one-dimensional model based on solving the continuity
equation for the electron density. For the first time in such a model, a back
reaction with the I$_3^-$ ions in the electrolyte that is second order in the
electron density has been included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76931 </DOCNO>
On A Recent Claim Concerning $\tau (D_s)/\tau (D^0)$


  It has been suggested that the observed $D_s - D^0$ lifetime difference can
be `understood' as due to $SU(3)_{Fl}$ breaking in the phase spaces for the
exclusive $D^0$ and $D_s$ channels `removing' the need for weak annihilation.
It is pointed out that several of the statements in this argument are
misleading or even inconsistent with a state-of-the-art description of heavy
flavour decays based on the operator product expansion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128922 </DOCNO>
Statistics of galaxy warps in the HDF North and South


  We present a statistical study of the presence of galaxy warps in the Hubble
deep fields. Among a complete sample of 45 edge-on galaxies above a diameter of
1.''3, we find 5 galaxies to be certainly warped and 6 galaxies as good
candidates. In addition, 4 galaxies reveal a characteristic U-warp. Compared to
statistical studies of local warps, and taking into account the strong bias
against observing the outer parts of galaxies at high redshift, these numbers
point towards a very high frequency of warps at z \sim 1: almost all galaxy
discs might be warped. Furthermore, the amplitude of warps are stronger than
for local warps. This is easily interpreted in terms of higher galaxy
interactions and matter accretion in the past. This result supports these two
mechanisms as the best candidates for the origin of early warps. The mean
observed axis ratio of our sample of edge-on galaxies is significantly larger
in the high-z sample than is found for samples of local spiral galaxies. This
might be due to disk thickening due to more frequent galaxy interactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97143 </DOCNO>
Upper bounds for |L(1,chi)|


  Given a non-principal Dirichlet character chi mod q, an important problem in
number theory is to obtain good estimates for the size of L(1,chi). In this
paper we focus on sharpening the upper bounds known for |L(1,chi)|; in
particular, we wish to determine constants c (as small as possible) for which
the bound |L(1,chi)| <= (c+o(1)) log q holds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86185 </DOCNO>
Spherically symmetric false vacuum: no-go theorems and global structure


  We enumerate all possible types of spacetime causal structures that can
appear in static, spherically symmetric configurations of a self-gravitating,
real, nonlinear, minimally coupled scalar field \phi in general relativity,
with an arbitrary potential V(\phi), not necessarily positive-definite. It is
shown that a variable scalar field adds nothing to the list of possible
structures with a constant \phi field, namely, Minkowski (or AdS),
Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Schwarzschild - de Sitter. It follows, in
particular, that, whatever is V(\phi), this theory does not admit regular black
holes with flat or AdS asymptotics. It is concluded that the only possible
globally regular, asymptotically flat solutions are solitons with a regular
center, without horizons and with at least partly negative potentials V(\phi).
Extension of the results to more general field models is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129602 </DOCNO>
A Fast Bar in the Post-Interaction Galaxy NGC 1023


  We measured the bar pattern speed, $\om$, of the SB0 galaxy NGC 1023 using
the Tremaine-Weinberg (1984) method with stellar-absorption slit spectroscopy.
The morphology and kinematics of the \hi gas outside NGC 1023 suggest it
suffered a tidal interaction, sometime in the past, with one of its dwarf
companions. At present, however, the optical disc is relaxed. If the disc had
been stabilized by a massive dark matter halo and formed its bar in the
interaction, then the bar would have to be slow. We found $\om = 5.0 \pm 1.8$
\kmsa, so that the bar ends near its co-rotation radius. It is therefore
rotating rapidly and must have a maximum disc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124808 </DOCNO>
The Structure and Motions of the 3C~120 Radio Jet on Scales of 0.6 to


  Results are presented from long term VLBI monitoring of the parsec-scale
radio jet in 3C120, primarily at 5 and 1.7 GHz. Numerous superluminal features
are followed, some over large fractional distances from the core. The speeds of
the features are not all the same, but vary by less than a factor of 2. The
superluminal features extend to core distances of over 0.2 arcseconds and the
region of slowing has not been found. The 1.7 GHz images show evidence for
stationary features in addition to the superluminal features. The structure of
the jet in the vicinity of the most likely stationary feature is suggestive of
a helical pattern seen in projection. The deprojected wavelength of the pattern
is very long relative to the jet radius, unlike the situation in sources such
as M87. If the 3C120 jet does contain a slowly-moving, helical structure, then
theory suggests that the jet resides in a relatively cool medium, not in a
relativistically hot cocoon or lobe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179355 </DOCNO>
Spin susceptibility of neutron matter at zero temperature


  The Auxiliary Field Diffusion Monte Carlo method is applied to compute the
spin susceptibility and the compressibility of neutron matter at zero
temperature. Results are given for realistic interactions which include both a
two-body potential of the Argonne type and the Urbana IX three-body potential.
Simulations have been carried out for about 60 neutrons. We find an overall
reduction of the spin susceptibilty by about a factor 3 with respect to the
Pauli susceptibility for a wide range of densities. Results for the
compressibility of neutron matter are also presented and compared with other
available estimates obtained for semirealistic nucleon-nucleon interactions by
using other techniques.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97010 </DOCNO>
The Origin of a Metric


  In the context of earlier work, we investigate the emergence of a "distance"
in the physical world. For this we consider a Cantor ternary like process, but
much more general: properties like perfectness and disconnectedness are not
invoked, but instead we deal with Borel sets. An interesting case from a
physical point of view is considered: when the process is truncated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73840 </DOCNO>
The $S_{11}- N$(1535) and $-N$(1650) Resonances in Meson-Baryon


  The $s-$wave meson-baryon scattering is analyzed for the strangeness S=0
sector in a Bethe-Salpeter coupled channel formalism incorporating Chiral
Symmetry. Four channels have been considered: $\pi N$, $\eta N$, $K \Lambda$,
$K \Sigma$. The needed two particle irreducible matrix amplitude is taken from
lowest order Chiral Perturbation Theory in a relativistic formalism and low
energy constants are fitted to the elastic $\pi N $ phase-shifts and the $\pi^-
p \to \eta n$ and $\pi^- p \to K^0 \Lambda$ cross section data. The position of
the complex poles in the second Riemann sheet of the scattering amplitude
determine masses and widths of the $S_{11}-$ $N$(1535) and $-N$(1650)
resonances, in reasonable agreement with experiment. A good overall description
of data, from $\pi N$ threshold up to 2 GeV, is achieved keeping in mind that
the two pion production channel has not been included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86136 </DOCNO>
Evolution of circular, non-equatorial orbits of Kerr black holes due to


  The inspiral of a ``small'' ($\mu \sim 1-100 M_\odot$) compact body into a
``large'' ($M \sim 10^{5-7} M_\odot$) black hole is a key source of
gravitational radiation for the space-based gravitational-wave observatory
LISA. The waves from such inspirals will probe the extreme strong-field nature
of the Kerr metric. In this paper, I investigate the properties of a restricted
family of such inspirals (the inspiral of circular, inclined orbits) with an
eye toward understanding observable properties of the gravitational waves that
they generate. Using results previously presented to calculate the effects of
radiation reaction, I assemble the inspiral trajectories (assuming that
radiation reacts adiabatically, so that over short timescales the trajectory is
approximately geodesic) and calculate the wave generated as the compact body
spirals in. I do this analysis for several black hole spins, sampling a range
that should be indicative of what spins we will encounter in nature. The spin
has a very strong impact on the waveform. In particular, when the hole rotates
very rapidly, tidal coupling between the inspiraling body and the event horizon
has a very strong influence on the inspiral time scale, which in turn has a big
impact on the gravitational wave phasing. The gravitational waves themselves
are very usefully described as ``multi-voice chirps'': the wave is a sum of
``voices'', each corresponding to a different harmonic of the fundamental
orbital frequencies. Each voice has a rather simple phase evolution. Searching
for extreme mass ratio inspirals voice-by-voice may be more effective than
searching for the summed waveform all at once.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87206 </DOCNO>
General Logarithmic Corrections to Black Hole Entropy


  We compute leading order corrections to the entropy of any thermodynamic
system due to small statistical fluctuations around equilibrium. When applied
to black holes, these corrections are shown to be of the form $-k\ln(Area)$.
For BTZ black holes, $k=3/2$, as found earlier. We extend the result to anti-de
Sitter Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom black holes in arbitrary
dimensions. Finally we examine the role of conformal field theory in black hole
entropy and its corrections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96338 </DOCNO>
Compact Polygons


  We develop the basic topological properties of compact polygons, i.e. of
compact topological Tits buildings of rank two. It is proved that the Coxeter
diagram of such a building is always crystallographic, that is, compact
connected n-gons exist only for n=3,4,6. We classify compact polygons which
admit a transitive group action, showing that such a polygon is Moufang and
thus related to a real Lie group of rank 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73366 </DOCNO>
Randall-Sundrum II Cosmology, AdS/CFT, and the Bulk Black Hole


  We analyse the cosmology of a brane world model where a single brane carrying
the standard model fields forms the boundary of a 5-dimensional AdS bulk (the
Randall-Sundrum II scenario). We focus on the thermal radiation of bulk
gravitons, the formation of the bulk black hole, and the holographic AdS/CFT
definition of the RSII theory. Our detailed calculation of bulk radiation
reduces previous estimates to a phenomenologically acceptable, although
potentially visible level. In late cosmology, in which the Friedmann equation
depends linearly on the energy density \rho, only about 1% of energy density is
lost to the black hole or, equivalently, to the `dark radiation' (\Omega_{d,N}
\simeq 0.01 at nucleosynthesis). The preceding, unconventional \rho^2 period
can produce up to 10% dark radiation (\Omega_{d,N} <\sim 0.1). The AdS/CFT
correspondence provides an equivalent description of late RSII cosmology. We
show how the AdS/CFT formulation can reproduce the \rho^2 correction to the
standard treatment at low matter density. However, the 4-dimensional effective
theory of CFT + gravity breaks down due to higher curvature terms for energy
densities where \rho^2 behaviour in the Friedmann equation is usually
predicted. We emphasize that, in going beyond this energy density, the
microscopic formulation of the theory becomes essential. For example, the pure
AdS_5 and string-motivated AdS_5\timesS^5 definitions differ in their
cosmological implications.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168425 </DOCNO>
Propagation of Raman-matched laser pulses through a Bose-Einstein


  We investigate the role of non-uniform spatial density profiles of trapped
atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in the propagation of Raman-matched laser
pulses under conditions for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We
find that the sharp edged axial density profile of an interacting condensate
(due to a balance between external trap and repulsive atomic interaction) is
advantageous for obtaining ultra slow averaged group velocities. Our results
are in good quantitative agreement with a recent experiment report [Nature {\bf
397}, 594 (1999)].

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127619 </DOCNO>
High Redshift Quasars and Star Formation in the Early Universe


  In order to derive information on the star formation history in the early
universe we observed 6 high-redshift (z=3.4) quasars in the near-infrared to
measure the relative iron and \mgii emission strengths. A detailed comparison
of the resulting spectra with those of low-redshift quasars show essentially
the same FeII/MgII emission ratios and very similar continuum and line spectral
properties, indicating a lack of evolution of the relative iron to magnesium
abundance of the gas since z=3.4 in bright quasars. On the basis of current
chemical evolution scenarios of galaxies, where magnesium is produced in
massive stars ending in type II SNe, while iron is formed predominantly in SNe
of type Ia with a delay of ~1 Gyr and assuming as cosmological parameters H_o =
72 km/s Mpc, Omega_M = 0.3, and Omega_Lambda = 0.7$, we conclude that major
star formation activity in the host galaxies of our z=3.4 quasars must have
started already at an epoch corresponding to z_f ~= 10, when the age of the
universe was less than 0.5 Gyrs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126202 </DOCNO>
Sensitivity of the Astrometric Technique in Detecting Outer Planets


  With the advent of optical interferometers that will be coming online in the
next decade, radial velocity searches for extra-solar planets will be
complemented by high angular resolution astrometric measurements. In this
paper, we explore the sensitivity of the astrometric technique, and develop an
analytical understanding of the sensitivity in the regime where the orbital
period is longer than the time-baseline of the survey. As in an earlier paper
that dealt with the radial velocity technique, our analysis of the astrometric
technique utilizes both the orbital amplitude and phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97573 </DOCNO>
Lectures on the Kato square root problem


  This is the text of a series of three lectures given at the CMA of the
Australian National University on the recent solution of the square root
problem for divergence form elliptic operators, a long-standing conjecture
posed by Kato in the early 60's. In this text, the motivations for this problem
and its situation are given. The ideas from harmonic analysis on the T(1)
theorem and T(b) theorem for square functions are described. In particular, an
apparently new formulation of a local T(b) theorem for square functions is
stated. The ideas of the full proof are presented. I want to thank the CMA at
the Australian National University for inviting me during the special program
on scattering theory and spectral problems and for the nice and stimulating
atmosphere created by the mathematicians at the CMA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98040 </DOCNO>
Meixner functions and polynomials related to Lie algebra representations


  The decomposition of the tensor product of a positive and a negative discrete
series representation of the Lie algebra su(1,1) is a direct integral over the
principal unitary series representations. In the decomposition discrete terms
can occur, and the discrete terms are a finite number of discrete series
representations or one complementary series representation. The interpretation
of Meixner functions and polynomials as overlap coefficients in the four
classes of representations and the Clebsch-Gordan decomposition, lead to a
general bilinear generating function for the Meixner polynomials. Finally,
realizing the positive and negative discrete series representations as
operators on the spaces of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic functions
respectively, a non-symmetric type Poisson kernel is found for the Meixner
functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129011 </DOCNO>
Local and nonlocal magnetic diffusion and alpha-effect tensors in shear


  Various approaches to estimate turbulent transport coefficients from
numerical simulations of hydromagnetic turbulence are discussed. A quantitative
comparison between the averaged magnetic field obtained from a specific
three-dimensional simulation of a rotating turbulent shear flow in a slab and a
simple one-dimensional alpha-omega dynamo model is given. A direct
determination of transport coefficients is attempted by calculating the
correlation matrix of different components of the field and its derivatives.
The alpha-effect operating on the toroidal field is found to be negative and of
similar magnitude as the value obtained previously by correlating the
electromotive force with the mean magnetic field. The turbulent diffusion of
the toroidal field is comparable to the kinematic viscosity that was determined
earlier by comparing the stress with the shear. However, the turbulent
diffusion of the radial field component is smaller and can even be formally
negative. The method is then modified to obtain the spectral dependence of the
turbulent transport coefficients on the wavenumber. There is evidence for
nonlocal behavior in that most of the response comes from the smallest
wavenumbers corresponding to the largest scale possible in the simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74885 </DOCNO>
Multi-Localization in Multi-Brane Worlds


  We study bulk fields in various multi-brane models with localized gravity. In
the case of spin 0, 1/2 and 3/2 fields, the non-trivial background geometry
itself can induce (multi-) localization of the zero modes along the extra
dimension. The addition of appropriate mass terms controls the strength or/and
the position of this localization and can induce (multi-) localization of spin
1 fields as well. We show that multi-brane models may also give rise to
anomalously light KK modes which are also localized. The possibility of
multi-localization in the context of supersymmetric brane world models in AdS_5
spacetime is also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125608 </DOCNO>
Stellar models in IR calibration


  For the astronomical community analyzing ISO-SWS data, a first point to
assess when judging and qualifying the observational data concerns the flux
calibration accuracy. Since the calibration process is not straightforward and
since a wrong calibration may lead to an over- or underestimation of the
results, knowledge on the full calibration process and on the still remaining
calibration problems is crucial when processing the data.
  One way to detect calibration problems is by comparing observed data with
theoretical predictions of a whole sample of calibration sources. By using an
iterative process in which improvements on both the calibration and the
theoretical modelling are involved, we will demonstrate that a consistent
theoretical data-set of infrared spectra has been constructed. This data-set
has been used to derive the OLP10 flux calibration of the ISO-SWS. We will
shown that the relative flux calibration accuracy of (high-flux) ISO-SWS
observations has reached a 2% level of accuracy in band 1 and that the flux
calibration accuracy in band 2 has improved significantly with the introduction
of the memory-effect corrrection and the use of our synthetic spectra for the
flux calibration derivation, reaching a 6% level of accuracy in band 2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83635 </DOCNO>
Harmonic mean, random polynomials and stochastic matrices


  Motivated by a problem in learning theory, we are led to study the dominant
eigenvalue of a class of random matrices. This turns out to be related to the
roots of the derivative of random polynomials (generated by picking their roots
uniformly at random in the interval [0, 1], although our results extend to
other distributions). This, in turn, requires the study of the statistical
behavior of the harmonic mean of random variables as above, and that, in turn,
leads us to delicate question of the rate of convergence to stable laws and
tail estimates for stable laws.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86789 </DOCNO>
Comment on ``Strength and genericity of singularities in Tolman-Bondi-de


  It has been claimed that the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi-de Sitter solution always
admits future-pointing radial time-like geodesics emerging from the
shell-focussing singularity, regardless of the nature of the (regular) initial
data. This is despite the fact that some data rule out the emergence of future
pointing radial null geodesics. We correct this claim and show that in general
in spherical symmetry, the absence of radial null geodesics emerging from a
central singularity is sufficient to prove that the singularity is censored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125520 </DOCNO>
Relativistic corrections to the multiple scattering effect on the


  We extend the formalism for the calculation of the relativistic corrections
to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect for clusters of galaxies and include the
multiple scattering effects in the isotropic approximation. We present the
results of the calculations by the Fokker-Planck expansion method as well as by
the direct numerical integration of the collision term of the Boltzmann
equation. The multiple scattering contribution is found to be very small
compared with the single scattering contribution. For high-temperature galaxy
clusters of kT=15keV, the ratio of the both contributions is -0.2% in the Wien
region. In the Rayleigh--Jeans region the ratio is -0.03%. Therefore the
multiple scattering contribution is safely neglected for the observed galaxy
clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149031 </DOCNO>
Coupling constant of a noncommutative fermion


  There have been comments on the starting paper, hep-th/0106074, which point
out unclear motivation and definitions on noncommutative momentum introduced.
Thus, this paper is withdrawn by the author for more clear presentation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127229 </DOCNO>
Negative intensity patches in angular variations of CMB as a probe of


  The observational tests for the period of reionization of the universe are
discussed. We show that this period can be observed as {\it negative} intensity
patches of the CMB radiation with the amplitude $\delta T/T\sim 10^{-5}$ and
the angular sizes $\theta_T\sim$10 angular seconds in range of the wavelength
0.1 cm$\leq\lambda\leq$1 cm. The expected number density and frequency
dependence of the amplitude permit to recognize this effect and to discriminate
it from the noise. This method applied to the small scale variations of CMB
temperature complements well the traditional spectral approach.
  The number density and the amplitude of observed 'negative' intensity patches
depend upon the redshift of reionization that allow to estimate roughly this
redshift. The ionized bubbles formed just before the period of reionization
could also be seen as the highest peaks. The expected results are sensitive to
the Jeans scale at the period of reionization, to the small scale shape of the
primordial power spectrum and to the mass of dark matter particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114469 </DOCNO>
Fluctuations in the Gravitational, Strong and Weak Nuclear Fields


  We propose an effective harmonic oscillator model in order to treat the
fluctuations of the gravitational, strong and weak nuclear fields. With respect
to the gravitational field, first we use the model to estimate its fluctuating
strength, necessary to decohere the wavefunction of a cubic centimeter of air
at the standard temperature and pressure conditions. Second, the fluctuation of
a point mass through a distance equal to the Planck length leads to the
self-gravitational interaction of a particle, which can be related to its de
Broglie frequency. Third, by making the equality of the fluctuating field
strength with the gravitational field of a mass M at half of its Schwarzschild
radius, we obtain an estimate of the mass of the Universe. We also consider the
fluctuations of the strong nuclear field, as a means to estimate the separation
in energy between the ground state and the centroid of the excitated states of
the nucleon. Finally, taking into account the neutron-proton mass difference,
we use the fluctuations of the weak nuclear field in order to evaluate the weak
coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169281 </DOCNO>
Quantum Chaotic Environments, The Butterfly Effect, And Decoherence


  We investigate the sensitivity of quantum systems that are chaotic in a
classical limit, to small perturbations of their equations of motion. This
sensitivity, originally studied in the context of defining quantum chaos, is
relevant to decoherence in situations when the environment has a chaotic
classical counterpart.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7590 </DOCNO>
Entanglement and decoherence of a micromechanical resonator via coupling


  We analyse the quantum dynamics of a micromechanical resonator capacitively
coupled to a Cooper box. With appropriate quantum state control of the Cooper
box, the resonator can be driven into a superposition of spatially separated
states. The Cooper box can also be used to probe the environmentally-induced
decoherence of the resonator superposition state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41130 </DOCNO>
Quartic anomalous couplings at LEP


  The search for quartic anomalous gauge couplings at LEP requires appropriate
predictions for the radiative processes e+ e- \to \nu\bar\nu \gamma\gamma, e+
e- \to q\bar{q}\gamma\gamma and e+ e- \to 4 fermions+\gamma. Matrix elements
are exactly computed at the tree level, and the effects of anomalous couplings
and initial-state radiation are included. Comparisons with results and
approximations existing in the literature are shown and commented. Improved
versions of the event generators NUNUGPV and WRAP are made available for
experimental analysis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179626 </DOCNO>
Semi-classical Characters and Optical Model Description of Heavy Ion


  An approach is proposed to calculate the direct reaction (DR) and fusion
probabilities for heavy ion collisions at near-Coulomb-barrier energies as
functions of the distance of closest approach D within the framework of the
optical model that introduces two types of imaginary potentials, DR and fusion.
The probabilities are calculated by using partial DR and fusion cross sections,
together with the classical relations associated with the Coulomb trajectory.
Such an approach makes it possible to analyze the data for angular
distributions of the inclusive DR cross section, facilitating the determination
of the radius parameters of the imaginary DR potential in a less ambiguous
manner. Simultaneous $\chi^{2}$-analyses are performed of relevant data for the
$^{16}$O+$^{208}$Pb system near the Coulomb-barrier energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74555 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Constant, False Vacua, and Axions


  It is suggested that the true ground state of the world has exactly vanishing
vacuum energy and that the cosmological constant that seems to have been
observed is due to our region of the universe being stuck in a false vacuum,
whose energy is split from the true vacuum by non-renormalizable operators that
are suppressed by powers of the Planck scale. It is shown that conventional
invisible axion models typically have the features needed to realize this
possibility. In invisible axion models the same field and the same potential
can explain both the cosmological constant (or dark energy) and the dark
matter. It is also shown that the idea can be realized in non-axion models, an
example of which is given having $\Lambda = M_W^7/M_{Pl}^3$, which accords well
with the observed value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149933 </DOCNO>
Chiral Type II Orientifold Constructions as M Theory on G_2 holonomy


  We summarize some recent progress in constructing four-dimensional
supersymmetric chiral models from Type II orientifolds. We present the
construction a supersymmetric Standard-like Model and a supersymmetric GUT
model to illustrate the new features of this approach and its connection to M
theory on compact, singular G_2 holonomy spaces. The Standard-like model
presented is the first example of a three-family supersymmetic orientifold
model with the Standard Model as part of the gauge structure. We also discuss
the connection of how chiral fermions arise in this class of models with recent
results of M theory compactified on G_2 holonomy spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4158 </DOCNO>
Inhomogeneity and complexity measures for spatial patterns


  In this work we examine two different measures for inhomogeneity and
complexity that are derived from nonextensive considerations a' la Tsallis.
Their performance is then tested on theoretically generated patterns. All
measures are found to exhibit a most sensitive behaviour for Sierpinski
carpets. The procedures here introduced provide us with new, powerful Tsallis'
tools for analysing the inhomogeneity and complexity of spatial patterns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72953 </DOCNO>
Spin correlations and consequences of quantum-mechanical coherence


  The difference in the properties of the spin correlation tensor for
factorizable and nonfactorizable two-particle states is analyzed. The
inequalities for linear combinations of the components of this tensor are
obtained for the case of incoherent mixtures of factorizable two-particle spin
states. They include the well known Bell inequalities and can be violated for
coherent superpositions of two-particle spin states. The possibility to verify
the consequences of the quantum-mechanical coherence is discussed using the
angular correlations in the asymmetric (parity violating) decays of the pairs
of spin-1/2 particles (muons, top-quarks or lambda-hyperons), the coherence
arising either from the production dynamics or due to the effect of quantum
statistics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124619 </DOCNO>
Probing the Early Universe with the S-Z Effect


  The cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is providing important clues
into the evolution of the early universe. In this Science Perspective, Joy and
Carlstrom discuss one feature of the CMBR, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, which
can be used to determine the abundance and evolution of clusters of galaxies,
thereby constraining key cosmological parameters such as the matter density of
the universe and its expansion rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113771 </DOCNO>
Broadband optical gain via interference in the free electron laser:


  We propose experimentally simplified schemes of an optically dispersive
interface region between two coupled free electron lasers (FELs), aimed at
achieving a much broader gain bandwidth than in a conventional FEL or a
conventional optical klystron composed of two separated FELs. The proposed
schemes can {\it universally} enhance the gain of FELs, regardless of their
design when operated in the short pulsed regime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127518 </DOCNO>
Overproduction of primordial helium-4 in the presence of neutrino


  The production of helium-4 during the cosmological nucleosynthesis in the
presence of active--sterile neutrino oscillations, efficient after decoupling
of electron neutrino, is analyzed. The oscillation effects on primordial
nucleosynthesis, namely: neutrino spectrum distortion, depletion of electron
neutrino number density and generation of neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry, are
precisely taken into account. Primordially produced He-4 abundance is
calculated, in a self-consistent study of the kinetics of the nucleons and the
oscillating neutrinos, for the full range of parameters of the discussed
oscillation model.
 A considerable relative increase of helium-4, up to 14% for non-resonant
oscillations and up to 32% for resonant ones is registered. Cosmological
constraints on oscillation parameters are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96947 </DOCNO>
Identifying Half-Twists Using Randomized Algorithm Methods


  Since the braid group was discovered by E. Artin, the question of its
conjugacy problem has been solved by Garside and Birman, Ko and Lee. However,
the solutions given thus far are difficult to compute with a computer, since
the number of operations needed is extremely large. Meanwhile, random
algorithms used to solve difficult problems such as primality of a number were
developed, and the random practical methods have become an important tool. We
give a random algorithm, along with a conjecture of how to improve its
convergence speed, in order to identify elements in the braid group, which are
conjugated to its generators for a given power. These elements of the braid
group, the half-twists, are important in themselves, as they are the key
players in some geometrical and algebraical methods, the building blocks of
quasipositive braids and they construct endless sets of generators for the
group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125981 </DOCNO>
Interplay Between Gravity and Quintessence: A Set of New GR Solutions


  A set of new exact analytical General Relativity (GR) solutions with
time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous quintessence demonstrate 1) a static
non-empty space-time with a horizon-type singular surface; 2) time-dependent
spatially homogeneous `spheres' which are completely different in geometry from
the Friedmann isotropic models; 3) infinitely strong anti-gravity at a `true'
singularity where the density is infinitely large. It is also found that 4) the
GR solutions allow for an extreme `density-free' form of energy that can
generate regular space-time geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1661 </DOCNO>
A Micromechanical Model of Hardening, Rate Sensitivity and Thermal


  The present paper is concerned with the development of a micromechanical
model of the hardening, rate-sensitivity and thermal softening of bcc crystals.
In formulating the model we specifically consider the following unit processes:
double-kink formation and thermally activated motion of kinks; the close-range
interactions between primary and forest dislocations, leading to the formation
of jogs; the percolation motion of dislocations through a random array of
forest dislocations introducing short-range obstacles of different strengths;
dislocation multiplication due to breeding by double cross-slip; and
dislocation pair annihilation. The model is found to capture salient features
of the behavior of Ta crystals such as: the dependence of the initial yield
point on temperature and strain rate; the presence of a marked stage I of easy
glide, specially at low temperatures and high strain rates; the sharp onset of
stage II hardening and its tendency to shift towards lower strains, and
eventually disappear, as the temperature increases or the strain rate
decreases; the parabolic stage II hardening at low strain rates or high
temperatures; the stage II softening at high strain rates or low temperatures;
the trend towards saturation at high strains; the temperature and strain-rate
dependence of the saturation stress; and the orientation dependence of the
hardening rate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73717 </DOCNO>
Restriction on SUSY Masses from $Z\to hadrons$


  We remark that the precision of recent determinations of $\alpha_s(M^2_Z)$ is
such that one can get bounds on supersymmetric partner masses (squark and
gluino) by requiring consistency of determinations of $\alpha_s$ at "low"
energies, where those particles do not contribute, and on the $Z$ peak. For
approximately degenerate squarks and gluinos with mass $\widetilde{m}$, we find
the bound $\widetilde{m}\geq 173$ GeV, at the $2\sigma$ level. At the
$2.5\sigma$ level, $\widetilde{m}\geq 121$ GeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96136 </DOCNO>
Primitivity preserving endomorphisms of free groups


  An endomorphism of a free group is called primitivity preserving if it takes
every primitive element to another primitive. In this paper we prove that every
primitivity preserving endomorphism of a free group of a finite rank n > 2 is
an automorphism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129561 </DOCNO>
On the Graviton Mass


  It was suggested that observations of the solar system exclude massive
gravity, in the sense that the graviton mass must be rigorously zero. This is
because there is a discontinuity in the linearized gravity theory at graviton
mass equal to zero. The linearized Schwarzschild metric is not recovered for
infinitesimal graviton mass, contradicting observations on light deviation by
the Sun and Mercury perihelion advance. It was then argued that
non-perturbative effects make the massive gravity theory continuous in the
graviton mass. Both the original suggestion and its refutation were based on a
non-covariant and linearized action, and the physical interpretation of these
results remained questionable. Here we use a covariant quasi-massive gravity
theory that is known to be discontinuous in the graviton mass in the linear
approximation. We show that non-perturbative effects do restore the continuity;
the weak-field Schwarzschild solution is recovered in the limit of small
graviton mass. We also show that weak-field Schwarzschild with matter is
recovered for infinitesimal graviton mass. Thus: Observations of the solar
system only put an upper limit on the graviton mass (in the context of the
gravity theory that we use, inverse graviton mass, as measured at distances of
order inverse graviton mass, is $\gtrsim 100$ Mpc). But graviton can be
massive, with a cosmologically interesting mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72507 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Shear Statistics and Cosmology


  We report a measurement of cosmic shear correlations using an effective area
of 6.5 sq. deg. of the VIRMOS deep imaging survey in progress at the
Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. We measured various shear correlation
functions, the aperture mass statistic and the top-hat smoothed variance of the
shear with a detection significance exceeding 12 sigma for each of them. We
present results on angular scales from 3 arc-seconds to half a degree. The
consistency of different statistical measures is demonstrated and confirms the
lensing origin of the signal through tests that rely on the scalar nature of
the gravitational potential. For Cold Dark Matter models we find $\sigma_8
\Omega_0^{0.6}=0.43^{+0.04}_{-0.05}$ at the 95% confidence level. The
measurement over almost three decades of scale allows to discuss the effect of
the shape of the power spectrum on the cosmological parameter estimation. The
degeneracy on sigma_8-Omega_0 can be broken if priors on the shape of the
linear power spectrum (that can be parameterized by Gamma) are assumed. For
instance, with Gamma=0.21 and at the 95% confidence level, we obtain
0.6<sigma_8<1.1 and 0.2<Omega_0<0.5 for open models, and sigma_8>0.65 and
Omega_0<0.4 for flat (Lambda-CDM) models. From the tangential/radial modes
decomposition we can set an upper limit on the intrinsic shape alignment, which
was recently suggested as a possible contribution to the lensing signal. Within
the error bars, there is no detection of intrinsic shape alignment for scales
larger than 1'.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126776 </DOCNO>
High-energy neutrino emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts


  Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are expected to efficiently accelerate protons up to
relativistic energies. High-energy photons can originate from decay of neutral
pions produced by the interaction of these protons with the medium surrounding
the source. In the same hadronic chain, high energy neutrinos are expected to
be produced from decay of charged pions, as well as from decay of generated
muons. Neutrinos can travel cosmological distances being much less absorbed
than photons, thus providing a powerful tool for the investigation of cosmic
sources. In the frame of a recently proposed hadronic model for the emission of
high-energy gamma-rays, we estimate the neutrino emission from GRBs and
calculate the neutrino fluxes at Earth as a function of the model parameters.
The detectability of the expected signal by current and future experiments is
also extensively discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114409 </DOCNO>
A Prototype of Upgrading Bepc Control System


  We will use EPICS toolkit [1] to build a prototype for upgrading BEPC control
system. The purposes are for the following three aspects: (1) Setup a network
based distributed control system with EPICS. (2) Study some front-end control
technology. (3) Merge the existing control systems into EPICS. The hardware
architecture consists of three physical layers. The front-end layer is VME
crate, PowerPC, VME I/O modules and interface boards (VME-CAMAC and Fieldbus).
The back-end layer is SUN workstation, which is used as application
development. The two layers are connected via the middle layer which is 100M
Ethernet. In order to preserve our investment in the hardware, the existing
CAMAC hardware will remain. The CAMAC will be connected to the VME via CAMAC
serial highway [2]. The operator interface will be developed with EPICS DM2K.
High-level accelerator control applications will be studied as well with EPICS
channel access and archive access.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4399 </DOCNO>
Pinhole calculations of the Josephson effect in 3He-B


  We study theoretically the dc Josephson effect between two volumes of
superfluid 3He-B. We first discuss how the calculation of the current-phase
relationships is divided into a mesoscopic and a macroscopic problem. We then
analyze mass and spin currents and the symmetry of weak links. In quantitative
calculations the weak link is assumed to be a pinhole, whose size is small in
comparison to the coherence length. We derive a quasiclassical expression for
the coupling energy of a pinhole, allowing also for scattering in the hole.
Using a selfconsistent order parameter near a wall, we calculate the
current-phase relationships in several cases. In the isotextural case, the
current-phase relations are plotted assuming a constant spin-orbit texture. In
the opposite anisotextural case the texture changes as a function of the phase
difference. For that we have to consider the stiffness of the macroscopic
texture, and we also calculate some surface interaction parameters. We analyze
the experiments by Marchenkov et al. We find that the observed pi states and
bistability hardly can be explained with the isotextural pinhole model, but a
good quantitative agreement is achieved with the anisotextural model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149991 </DOCNO>
Integrable Quantum Field Theories, in the Bulk and with a Boundary


  This thesis considers massive field theories in 1+1 dimensions known as
affine Toda quantum field theories. We first consider the boundary sine-Gordon
model, deriving a complete picture of the boundary bound state structure for
general integrable boundary conditions, and then more general ATFTs in the
bulk, discovering a "generalised bootstrap" equation which explicitly encodes
the Lie algebra into the S-matrix. This last is related to a number of S-matrix
identities, as well as a generalisation of the idea that the conserved charges
of the theory form an eigenvector of the Cartan matrix.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75799 </DOCNO>
Radion and Higgs mixing at the LHC


  We study the resonance production of radions and Higgs via gluon-gluon fusion
in the Randall-Sundrum model with Higgs-curvature mixing at the LHC. We find
that radion can be detected both in mixed (with Higgs boson) and unmixed case
if the radion vacuum expectation value $\Lambda_\phi$ is around 1 TeV. The
$\Lambda_\phi \sim 10$ TeV case is also promising for certain values of mixing
parameters and radion masses. The mixing can affect the production and decay of
Higgs boson in a significant way. Thus Higgs search strategies at the LHC may
need refinements in case of radion-Higgs mixing in the Randall-Sundrum model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76402 </DOCNO>
Quintessence Unification Models from Non-Abelian Gauge Dynamics


  We show that the condensates of a non-abelian gauge group, unified with the
standard model gauge groups, can parameterize the present day cosmological
constant and play the role of quintessence. The models agree with SN1a and
recent CMB analysis.
  These models have {\it no free} parameters. Even the initial energy density
at the unification scale and at the condensation scale are fixed by the number
of degrees of freedom of the gauge group (i.e. by $N_c, N_f$). The values of
$N_c, N_f$ are determined by imposing gauge coupling unification and the number
of models is quite limited. There are only four models and they have an inverse
power potential with $6/13 \leq n \leq 2/3$. Imposing primordial
nucleosynthesis bounds the preferred model has $N_c=3, N_f=6$, with $n=2/3$, a
condensation scale $\Lm_c=4.2\times 10^{-8} GeV$ and $\wpo=-0.90$ with an
average value $\weff=-0.93$. Notice that the tracker solution is not a good
approximation since it has $w_{tr}=-\fr{2}{n+2}=-0.75$ for $n=2/3$.
  We study the evolution of all fields from the unification scale and we
calculate the relevant cosmological quantities. We also discuss the
supersymmetry breaking mechanism which is relevant for these models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76565 </DOCNO>
Inflation with a constant ratio of scalar and tensor perturbation


  The single scalar field inflationary models that lead to scalar and tensor
perturbation spectra with amplitudes varying in direct proportion to one
another are reconstructed by solving the Stewart-Lyth inverse problem to
next-to-leading order in the slow-roll approximation.
  The potentials asymptote at high energies to an exponential form,
corresponding to power law inflation, but diverge from this model at low
energies, indicating that power law inflation is a repellor in this case. This
feature implies that a fine-tuning of initial conditions is required if such
models are to reproduce the observations. The required initial conditions might
be set through the eternal inflation mechanism.
  If this is the case, it will imply that the spectral indices must be nearly
constant, making the underlying model observationally indistinguishable from
power law inflation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2049 </DOCNO>
Disorder and Quantum Fluctuations in Superconducting Films in Strong


  We find that the upper critical field in a two-dimensional disordered
superconductor can increase essentially at low temperatures. This happens due
to the formation of local superconducting islands weakly coupled via the
Josephson effect. The distribution of the superconducting islands is derived.
It is shown that the value of the critical field is determined by the interplay
of the proximity effect and quantum phase fluctuations. We find that the shift
of the upper critical field is connected with the pinning properties of a
superconductor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41451 </DOCNO>
Multijet matrix elements and shower evolution in hadronic collisions: W


  We study in this paper the production, in hadronic collisions, of final
states with W gauge bosons, heavy quark pairs and n extra jets (with n up to
4). The complete partonic tree-level QCD matrix elements are evaluated using
the ALPHA algorithm, and the events generated at the parton level are then
evolved through the QCD shower and eventually hadronised using the coherent
shower evolution provided by the HERWIG Monte Carlo. We discuss the details of
our Monte Carlo implementation, and present results of phenomenological
interest for the Tevatron Collider and for the LHC. We also comment on the
impact of our calculation on the backgrounds to W (H -> b bbar) production,
when only one b jet is tagged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81307 </DOCNO>
Physical Observables from Lattice QCD at Fixed Topology


  Because present Monte Carol algorithms for lattice QCD may become trapped in
a given topological charge sector when one approaches the continuum limit, it
is important to understand the effect of calculating at fixed topology. In this
work, we show that although the restriction to a fixed topological sector
becomes irrelevant in the infinite volume limit, it gives rise to
characteristic finite size effects due to contributions from all
$\theta$-vacua. We calculate these effects and show how to extract physical
results from numerical data obtained at fixed topology.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149011 </DOCNO>
Mirror Symmetry And Some Applications


  We report on recent progress in understanding mirror symmetry. Some of more
recent generalizations and applications are also presented. --- A contribution
to the Proceedings of ``Strings 2001'' at Mumbai, India.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86881 </DOCNO>
Polarized Dirac fermions in de Sitter spacetime


  The tetrad gauge invariant theory of the free Dirac field in two special
moving charts of the de Sitter spacetime is investigated pointing out the
operators that commute with the Dirac one. These are the generators of the
symmetry transformations corresponding to isometries that give rise to
conserved quantities according to the Noether theorem. With their help the
plane wave spinor solutions of the Dirac equation with given momentum and
helicity are derived and the final form of the quantum Dirac field is
established. It is shown that the canonical quantization leads to a correct
physical interpretation of the massive or massless fermion quantum fields.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128948 </DOCNO>
Models of Quintessential Inflation


  A unified approach to quintessence and inflation is investigated with the use
of a single scalar field. It is argued that successful potentials have to
approximate a combination of exponential and inverse power-law decline in the
limit of large values of the scalar field. A class of such potentials is
studied analytically and it is found that quintessential inflation is indeed
possible. Successful models, not involving more than two natural mass scales,
are obtained, which do not require fine-tuning of initial conditions and do not
result in eternal acceleration.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97578 </DOCNO>
Tsuji's Numerically Trivial Fibrations and Abundance


  We apply Tsuji's theory of numerically trivial fibrations to the abundance
problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3620 </DOCNO>
Observation of Convergent Oscillations of the Flux Line Lattice as a


  We have monitored new peculiarities of the dynamics of catastrophic
avalanches of the magnetic flux in superconducting Nb, Nb-Ti, and YBaCuO
samples: i) convergent oscillations of the magnetic flux; ii) a threshold for
entering the huge flux avalanches in the shielding experiments; iii) a
threshold for the exit of a residual flux in the trapping experiments. The
observed phenomena are interpreted in terms of a theoretical model which takes
into account the inertial properties of the vortex matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168180 </DOCNO>
Resource reduction via repeaters in entanglement distribution


  We show that the amount of entanglement needed as an initial resource to set
up a certain final amount of entanglement between two ends of a noisy channel
can be reduced in certain cases by using quantum repeaters. Our investigation
(for various channels) considers cases when a large number of entangled pairs
are transmitted through the channel using known asymptotic results and
conjectured bounds on distillable entanglement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75665 </DOCNO>
Role of Present and Future Atomic Parity Violation Experiments in


  Recent reanalyses of the atomic physics effects on the weak charge in cesium
have led to a value in much closer agreement with predictions of the Standard
Model. We review precision electroweak tests, their implications for upper
bounds on the mass of the Higgs boson, possible ways in which these bounds may
be circumvented, and the requirements placed upon accuracy of future atomic
parity violation experiments by these considerations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125641 </DOCNO>
Radiative transfer in disc galaxies II - The influence of scattering and


  We investigate the influence of scattering and geometry on the attenuation
curve in disc galaxies. We investigate both qualitatively and quantitatively
which errors are made by either neglecting or approximating scattering, and
which uncertainties are introduced due to a simplification of the star-dust
geometry. We find that the magnitude of these errors depends on the inclination
of the galaxy, and in particular that for face-on galaxies, the errors due to
an improper treatment of scattering dominate those due to an imprecise
star-dust geometry. Therefore we argue that in all methods which aim at
determining the opacity of disc galaxies, scattering should be taken into
account in a proper way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97965 </DOCNO>
Schr\"odinger Operators with Periodic Singular Potentials


  We show that formal Schr\"odinger operators with singular potentials from the
space W^{-1}_{2,unif}(R) can be naturally defined to give selfadjoint and
bounded below operators, which depend continuously in the uniform resolvent
sense on the potential in the W^{-1}_{2,unif}(R)-norm. In the case of periodic
singular potentials we also establish pure absolute continuity and a band and
gap structure of the spectrum thus generalising some classical results for
singular potentials of one-dimensional quasicrystal theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148838 </DOCNO>
Instability of breathers in the topological discrete sine-Gordon system


  It is demonstrated that the breather solutions recently discovered in the
weakly coupled topological discrete sine-Gordon system are spectrally unstable.
This is in contrast with more conventional spatially discrete systems, whose
breathers are always spectrally stable at sufficiently weak coupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2426 </DOCNO>
Evaluation of Integrals Representing Correlations in XXX Heisenberg Spin


  We study XXX Heisenberg spin 1/2 anti-ferromagnet. We evaluate a probability
of formation of a ferromagnetic string in the anti-ferromagnetic ground state
in thermodynamics limit. We prove that for short strings the probability can be
expressed in terms of Riemann zeta function with odd arguments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149293 </DOCNO>
Branes at angles, torons, stability and supersymmetry


  We elucidate some properties of the relation between two T-dual systems in
tori, branes at angles and branes wrapping the whole torus carrying fluxes. We
analyze different features of these systems: charges, low energy spectrum,
tadpole cancellation, symmetry groups, ... and the correspondence between the
two viewpoints. Particular attention is paid to supersymmetry and stability
conditions. While on the branes at angles side stability and supersymmetry can
be expressed as conditions on the angles between the two branes at the
intersection, on the dual side supersymmetry has to do with a correction to
Hermite Yang-Mills and a modified notion of stability should be considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148634 </DOCNO>
On the Gauge-Independence of the S-Matrix


  The S-matrix is invariant with respect to the variation of any (global)
parameter involved in the gauge fixing conditions, if that variation is
accompanied by a certain redefinition of the basis of polarization vectors.
Renormalizability of the underlying gauge theory is not required. The proof is
nonperturbative and, using the `extended' BRS transformation, quite simple.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4712 </DOCNO>
Frequency dependence of the intergranular magnetic flux penetration in


  By means of small magnetic field ac susceptibility measurement at 10 kHz we
found that the real and imaginary parts of ceramic $YBa_2Cu_3O_ x$
susceptibility in presence of the external low frequency field close to 0.1 Hz
exhibit frequency dependence. The wide maximum of hysteresis losses and
{\color{black} the exponential dependence} of the {\color{black} effectiveness
of flux penetration} with increasing of external field frequency were obtained.
We observed a nonlinear dynamic magnetic response in presence dc field and we
suggest that this behavior is due to the dynamic and static Josephson
vortex-vortex interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127509 </DOCNO>
High-Resolution Mid-Infrared Imaging of G339.88-1.26


  G339.88-1.26 is considered to be a good candidate for a massive star with a
circumstellar disk. This has been supported by the observations of linearly
distributed methanol maser spots believed to delineate this disk, and
mid-infrared observations that have discovered a source at this location that
is elongated at the same position angle as the methanol maser distribution. We
used the mid-infrared imager/spectrometer OSCIR at Keck to make high-resolution
images of G339.88-1.26. We resolve the mid-infrared emission into 3 sources
within 1.5 arcsec of the location of the masers. We determine that the methanol
masers are most likely not located in a circumstellar disk. Furthermore we find
that the observed radio continuum emission most likely comes from two sources
in close proximity to each other. One source is an unobscured massive star with
an extended HII region that is responsible for the peak in the radio continuum
emission. A second source is embedded and centered on the elongation in the
radio continuum emission that is believed to be tracing an outflow in this
region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98484 </DOCNO>
Approximating distribution functions by iterated function systems


  In this paper an iterated function system on the space of distribution
functions is built. The inverse problem is introduced and studied by convex
optimization problems. Some applications of this method to approximation of
distribution functions and to estimation theory are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2279 </DOCNO>
Quantum Cable as transport spectroscopy of 1D DOS of cylindrical quantum


  We considered the proposed Quantum Cable as a kind of transport spectroscopy
of one-dimensional (1D) density of states (DOS) of cylindrical quantum wires.
By simultaneously detecting the direct current through the cylindrical quantum
wire and the leaked tunneling current into the neighboring wire at desired
temperatures, one can obtain detailed information about 1D DOS and subband
structure of cylindrical quantum wires.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168705 </DOCNO>
A Novel Approach to Quantum Heuristics for Structured Database Search


  An algorithm for structured database searching is presented and used to solve
the set partition problem. O(n) oracle calls are required in order to obtain a
solution, but the probability that this solution is optimal decreases
exponentially with problem size. Each oracle call is followed by a measurement,
implying that it is necessary to maintain quantum coherence for only one oracle
call at a time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127011 </DOCNO>
The pulse phase-dependent spectrum of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1RXS


  We report on the results of a 50ks BeppoSAX observation of 1RXS
J170849-400910, one of the five (plus a candidate) known anomalous X-ray
pulsars. The BeppoSAX data are consistent with a power-law plus blackbody
spectral decomposition, making 1RXS J170849-400910 the fourth source of this
class for which such a spectral decomposition was found. The inferred power-law
slope and blackbody temperature are Gamma~2.6 and kT_BB~0.46keV, respectively.
We found significant energy-dependence of the pulse profile, a remarkable
feature for an AXP. By using the power-law plus blackbody decomposition we
detected a significant variation in at least one spectral parameter, the
power-law photon index, as a function of the pulse phase. This is the first
significant detection of spectral parameter variation in an AXP. The
implications of these results are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74830 </DOCNO>
$J/\Psi$ suppression in an expanding hadron gas


  A model for $J/\Psi$ suppression at a high energy heavy ion collision is
presented. The main (and the only) reason for the suppression is $J/\Psi$
inelastic scattering within hadron matter. The hadron matter is in the form of
a multi-component non-interacting gas. Also the evolution of the gas, both
longitudinal and transverse, is taken into account. It is shown that under such
circumstances and with $J/\Psi$ disintegration in nuclear matter added,
$J/\Psi$ suppression evaluated agrees well with NA38 and NA50 data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128623 </DOCNO>
Gamma-ray bursts and black holes. Interpretation of the observational


  The paper relies upon the (Kuznetsov 2000), where the cosmic gamma - ray
bursts (GRBs) in clusters are shown to have an apparent shift relative to the
position of the source. Hence the main conclusion follows: only cluster of GRBs
ensures correct localization of the source whereas determining the direction of
arrival of a single GRB practically carries no information about the position
of its source. Generation of repeated GRBs in the activity phase of the source,
which amounts to 3-4 months and with the period of repetition of activity equal
to 4 years are most general properties of clusters. These properties precisely
correspond to the characteristics of manifestation of activity of X-ray NOVAE
(BHXN), thus pointing that the source of GRB clusters considered is a black
hole (BH) in the XN. The direct identification of the GRB source with the BHXN
GRO J0422+32 presented here this confirms. The investigated properties of GRB
clusters permit a final solution of 2 main problems of astrophysics: search for
black holes and origin of cosmic GRBs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81162 </DOCNO>
The Nf=0 heavy quark potential from short to intermediate distances


  We study the potential of a static quark anti-quark pair in the range 0.05fm
\leq r \leq 0.8fm, employing a sequence of lattices up to 64^4. Lattice
artifacts in potential and force are investigated theoretically as well as
numerically and continuum quantities are obtained by extrapolation of the
results at finite lattice spacing. Consistency of the numerical results with
the form of scaling violations predicted by an analysis `a la Symanzik is
found. The scale r_0/a is determined for the Wilson action up to beta=6.92.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76384 </DOCNO>
N-Point Vertex Functions, Ward-Takahashi Identities and Dyson-Schwinger


  In this paper we calculated the n-point hard-thermal-loop (HTL) vertex
functions in QCD/QED for n= 2, 3 and 4 in the physical representation in the
real time formalism (RTF). The result showed that the n-point HTL vertex
functions can be classified into two groups, a) those with odd numbers of
external retarded indices, and b) the others with even numbers of external
retarded indices. The n-point HTL vertex functions with one retarded index,
which obviously belong to the first group a), are nothing but the HTL vertex
functions that appear in the imaginary time formalism (ITF), and vise versa.
All the HTL vertex functions belonging to the first group a) are of $O(g^2T^2)$
, and satisfy among them the simple QED-type Ward-Takahashi identities, as in
the ITF. Those vertex functions belonging to the second group b) never appear
in the ITF, namely their existence is characteristic of the RTF, and their
HTL's have the high temperature behavior of $O(g^2T^3)$, one-power of T higher
than usual. Despite this difference we could verify that those HTL vertex
functions belonging to the second group b) also satisfy among themselves the
QED-type Ward-Takahashi identities, thus guaranteeing the gauge invariance of
the HTL's in the real time thermal QCD/QED.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41230 </DOCNO>
Advanced Analysis Methods in High Energy Physics


  During the coming decade, high energy physics experiments at the Fermilab
Tevatron and around the globe will use very sophisticated equipment to record
unprecedented amounts of data in the hope of making major discoveries that may
unravel some of Nature's deepest mysteries. The discovery of the Higgs boson
and signals of new physics may be around the corner. The use of advanced
analysis techniques will be crucial in achieving these goals. I will discuss
some of the novel methods of analysis that could prove to be particularly
valuable for finding evidence of any new physics, for improving precision
measurements and for exploring parameter spaces of theoretical models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87295 </DOCNO>
Chern-Simons Vortices in Supergravity


  We study supersymmetric vortex solutions in three-dimensional abelian gauged
supergravity. First, we construct the general U(1)-gauged D=3, N=2 supergravity
whose scalar sector is an arbitrary Kahler manifold with U(1) isometry. This
construction clarifies the connection between local supersymmetry and the
specific forms of some scalar potentials previously found in the literature --
in particular, it provides the locally supersymmetric embedding of the abelian
Chern-Simons Higgs model. We show that the Killing spinor equations admit
rotationally symmetric vortex solutions with asymptotically conical geometry
which preserve half of the supersymmetry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124422 </DOCNO>
Truncation of geometrically thin disks around massive black holes in


  The concept of an advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF), with or without
wind loss, was used to describe the spectra of the galactic center source Sgr
A*, low-luminosity AGN and nuclei of elliptical galaxies (including M87). The
spectral fits of various authors show that the transition from the
geometrically thin disk to the hot flow occurs at quite different distances,
apparently not uniquely related to the mass flow rate in the disk. We compare
these results with the results of theoretical modeling where we determine the
truncation of the thin outer disk from the efficiency of mass evaporation. The
physics is the same as in the case of galactic black holes systems (Meyer et
al. 2000b). For the observationally indicated mass flow rates our model
predicts a truncation at 10^3 to 10^4 Schwarzschild radii. We discuss whether
far inside this truncation an innermost cool thin disk could exist and affect
the spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74080 </DOCNO>
The Stability of Nuclear Matter in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model


  Using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model to describe the nucleon as a quark-diquark
state, we discuss the stability of nuclear matter in a hybrid model for the
ground state at finite nucleon density. It is shown that a simple extension of
the model to simulate the effects of confinement leads to a scalar
polarizability of the nucleon. This, in turn, leads to a less attractive
effective interaction between the nucleons, helping to achieve saturation of
the nuclear matter ground state. It is also pointed out that that the same
effect naturally leads to a suppression of ``Z-graph'' contributions with
increasing scalar potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148331 </DOCNO>
Unitary Transformations in Quantum Field Theory and Bound States


  Finding the eigenstates of the total Hamiltonian H or its diagonalization is
the important problem of quantum physics. However, in relativistic quantum
field theory (RQFT) its complete and exact solution is possible for a few
simple models only. Unitary transformations (UT's) considered in this survey do
not diagonalize H, but convert H into a form which enables us to find
approximately some H eigenstates. During the last years there have appeared
many papers devoted to physical applications of such UT's. Our aim is to
present a systematic and self-sufficient exposition of the UT method. The two
general kinds of UT's are pointed out, distinct variations of each kind being
possible. We consider in detail the problem of finding the simplest H
eigenstates for interacting mesons and nucleons using the so-called
``clothing'' UT and Okubo's UT. These UT's allow us to suggest definite
approaches to the problem of two-particle (deuteron-like) bound states in
RQFT. The approaches are shown to yield the same two-nucleon quasipotentials
in the first nonvanishing approximation. We demonstrate how the particle mass
renormalization can be fulfilled in the framework of the ``clothing''
procedure. Besides the UT of the Hamiltonian we discuss the accompanying UT of
the Lorentz boost generators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98506 </DOCNO>
K-theory of algebraic curves


  There exists a duality between elliptic curves and noncommutative tori, i.e.
C*-algebras generated by the unitary operators u and v such that vu=exp(it)uv$.
We show that this duality can be included into a general picture involving the
algebraic curves of higher genus. In this way we prove that a big part of
geometry of complex algebraic curves can be developed from the K-theory of a
noncommutative C*-algebra coming from measured foliations and interval exchange
transformations. The known projective invariants (canonical, special divisors,
linear series, etc.) are shown to be the Morita invariants of this C*-algebra.
A new K-invariant called "projective curvature" is introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149521 </DOCNO>
Isotropic representation of noncommutative 2D harmonic oscillator


  We show that 2D noncommutative harmonic oscillator has an isotropic
representation in terms of commutative coordinates. The noncommutativity in the
new mode, induces energy level splitting, and is equivalent to an external
magnetic field effect. The equivalence of the spectra of the isotropic and
anisotropic representation is traced back to the existence of SU(2) invariance
of the noncommutative model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85862 </DOCNO>
Subtle is the Gravity


  In this lecture I build up the motivation for relativity and gravitation
based on general principles and common sense considerations which should fall
in the sphere of appreciation of a general reader. There is a novel way of
looking at things and understanding them in a more direct physical terms which
should be of interest to fellow relativists as well as physicists in general.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4933 </DOCNO>
Theory of Static and Dynamic Antiferromagnetic Vortices in LSCO


  A key prediction of the SO(5) theory is the antiferromagnetic vortex state.
Recent neutron scattering experiment on LSCO superconductors revealed enhanced
antiferromagnetic order in the vortex state. Here we review theoretical
progress since the original proposal and present a theory of static and dynamic
antiferromanetic vortices in LSCO superconductors. It is shown that the
antiferromagnetic region induced by the vortices can be greater than the
coherence length, due to the light effective mass of the dynamic
antiferromagnetic fluctuations at optimal doping, and close promixity to the
antiferromagentic state in the underdoped regime. Systematic experiments are
proposed to unambiguously determine that the field induced magnetic scattering
originates from the vortices and not from the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168659 </DOCNO>
Strong twin events in mixed-state entanglement


  Continuing the study of mixed-state entanglement in terms of
opposite-subsystem observables the measurement of one of which amounts to the
same as that of the other (so-called twins), begun in a recent article,
so-called strong twin events, which imply biorthogonal mixing of states, are
defined and studied. It is shown that for each mixed state there exists a
Schmidt canonical (super state vector) expansion in terms of Hermitian
operators, and that it can be the continuation of the mentioned biorthogonal
mixing due to strong twins. The case of weak twins and nonhermitian Schmidt
canonical expansion is also investigated. A necessary and sufficient condition
for the existence of nontrivial twins for separable states is derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1548 </DOCNO>
Epitaxial MgB2 superconducting thin films with a transition temperature


  We report the growth of high-quality epitaxial MgB2 thin films on (1102)
Al2O3 and (001) SrTiO3 substrates by using a pulsed laser deposition technique.
The thin films grown on Al2O3 substrates show a Tc of 39 K with a sharp
transition width of ~ 0.7 K. The critical current density in zero field is ~ 8
x 10^6 A/cm^2 at 5 K, suggesting that this compound has great potential for
industrial applications. Also, Al2O3 is a very promising substrate in terms of
superconducting device applications because of its high thermal conductivity
and small dielectric constant. For the films deposited on Al2O3, X-ray
diffraction patterns indicate a c-axis-oriented crystal structure perpendicular
to the substrate surface whereas the films deposited on SrTiO3 show {101} plane
as the preferred orientation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83761 </DOCNO>
aspps --- an implementation of answer-set programming with propositional


  We present an implementation of an answer-set programming paradigm, called
aspps (short for answer-set programming with propositional schemata). The
system aspps is designed to process PS+ theories. It consists of two basic
modules. The first module, psgrnd, grounds an PS+ theory. The second module,
referred to as aspps, is a solver. It computes models of ground PS+ theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149705 </DOCNO>
Local symmetries of the non-Abelian two-form


  It is proposed that a non-Abelian adjoint two-form in BF type theories
transform inhomogeneously under the gauge group. The resulting restrictions on
invariant actions are discussed. The auxiliary one-form which is required for
maintaining vector gauge symmetry transforms like a second gauge field, and
hence cannot be fully absorbed in the two-form. But it can be replaced, via a
vector gauge transformation, by the usual gauge field, leading to gauge
equivalences between different types of theories. A new type of symmetry also
appears, one which depends on local functions but cannot be generated by
constraints. It is connected to the identity in the limit of a vanishing global
parameter, so it should be called a semiglobal symmetry. The corresponding
conserved currents and BRST charges are parametrized by the space of flat
connections.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127934 </DOCNO>
The ROSAT HRI Point Spread Function


  A sample of the brightest point-like sources observed with the ROSAT-HRI were
analysed to asses on the intrinsic shape of the ROSAT-HRI Point Spread Function
(PSF). Almost all of the HRI observations collected during the ROSAT lifetime
are found to be artificially broadened by factors up two ~2 due to residual
errors in the ROSAT aspect solution. After correction by departing pointing
positions, the width of the core of the PSF is found to be less than 5 arcsec
(half energy width, HEW). On the basis of these results, an improved analytical
representation of the ROSAT-HRI PSF is provided. However, for most of the new
observations the source countrate is too weak to allow reliable recovering pf
the ROSAT-HRI resolution. Therefore, a series of examples (data, correction,
and theoretical PSF) are given in order to help the ROSAT user in determining
whether "his/her source" is extended or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96347 </DOCNO>
Iterations of V and the core model


  Answering a question which was around for some while we prove that if \pi : V
-> M is such that M is transitive and closed under \omega-sequences then the
core model of M is an iterate of the core model of V.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1752 </DOCNO>
On the Dominance of Trivial Knots among SAPs on a Cubic Lattice


  The knotting probability is defined by the probability with which an $N$-step
self-avoiding polygon (SAP) with a fixed type of knot appears in the
configuration space. We evaluate these probabilities for some knot types on a
simple cubic lattice. For the trivial knot, we find that the knotting
probability decays much slower for the SAP on the cubic lattice than for
continuum models of the SAP as a function of $N$. In particular the
characteristic length of the trivial knot that corresponds to a `half-life' of
the knotting probability is estimated to be $2.5 \times 10^5$ on the cubic
lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128872 </DOCNO>
Detection of an Iron Emission Feature from the Lensed BAL QSO H1413+117


  We present the X-ray energy spectrum of the lensed BAL QSO H1413+117 (the
Cloverleaf) at z=2.56 observed with the Chandra X-ray observatory. We detected
293 photons in a 40 ks Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS-S) observation.
The X-ray image consists of four lensed image components, thus the photons are
from the lensed QSO itself. The overall spectrum can be described with a
power-law function heavily absorbed by neutral matter at a redshift consistent
with the QSO redshift. This supports the idea that intrinsic absorption is
significant for BAL QSOs. The spectral fit significantly (99% confidence)
improves when we include an emission line. The centroid energy and intrinsic
width (Gaussian \sigma) of the line are 6.21 \pm 0.16 keV and 220
^{+270}_{-130} eV (90% errors), respectively, in the QSO rest frame, assuming
the absorbed power-law as the continuum. The equivalent width of the line in
the QSO rest frame is 960 ^{+1400}_{-480} eV. We suggest that the large
equivalent width, the centroid energy, and the line broadness can be explained
by iron K emission arising from X-ray reprocessing in the BAL flow, assuming it
has a conical thin-sheet structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129182 </DOCNO>
Integration of the VIMOS control system


  The VIRMOS consortium of French and Italian Institutes (PI: O. Le Fevre,
co-PI: G. Vettolani) is manufacturing two wide field imaging multi-object
spectrographs for the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope (VLT),
with emphasis on the ability to carry over spectroscopic surveys of large
numbers of sources: the VIsible Multi-Object Spectrograph, VIMOS, and the Near
InfraRed Multi-Object Spectrograph, NIRMOS. There are 52 motors to be
controlled in parallel in the spectrograph, making VIMOS a complex machine to
be handled. This paper will focus on the description of the control system,
designed in the ESO VLT standard control concepts, and on some integration
issues and problem solving strategies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86128 </DOCNO>
The origins of length contraction: I. The FitzGerald-Lorentz deformation


  One of the widespread confusions concerning the history of the 1887
Michelson-Morley experiment has to do with the initial explanation of this
celebrated null result due independently to FitzGerald and Lorentz. In neither
case was a strict, longitudinal length contraction hypothesis invoked, as is
commonly supposed. Lorentz postulated, particularly in 1895, any one of a
certain family of possible deformation effects for rigid bodies in motion,
including purely transverse alteration, and expansion as well as contraction;
FitzGerald may well have had the same family in mind. A careful analysis of the
Michelson-Morley experiment (which reveals a number of serious inadequacies in
many text-book treatments) indeed shows that strict contraction is not
required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168187 </DOCNO>
Virtual Quantum Subsystems


  The physical resources available to access and manipulate the degrees of
freedom of a quantum system define the set $\cal A$ of operationally relevant
observables. The algebraic structure of $\cal A$ selects a preferred tensor
product structure i.e., a partition into subsystems. The notion of compoundness
for quantum system is accordingly relativized. Universal control over virtual
subsystems can be achieved by using quantum noncommutative holonomies

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77022 </DOCNO>
Charge radii of light and heavy mesons


  We calculate the electromagnetic (EM) form factors of the pseudoscalar mesons
in the light-front framework. Specifically, these form factors are extracted
from the relevant matrix elements directly, instead of choosing the Breit
frame. The results show that the charge radius of the meson is related to both
the first and second longitudinal momentum square derivatives of the momentum
distribution function. The static properties of the EM form factors and the
heavy quark symmetry of the charge radii are checked analytically in the heavy
quark limit. In addition, we use the Gaussia-type wavefunction to obtain the
numerical results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75673 </DOCNO>
Cosmic Rays and Large Extra Dimensions


  We have proposed that the cosmic ray spectrum "knee", the steepening of the
cosmic ray spectrum at energy $E \gsim 10^{15.5}$ eV, is due to "new physics",
namely new interactions at TeV cm energies which produce particles undetected
by the experimental apparatus. In this letter we examine specifically the
possibility that this interaction is low scale gravity. We consider that the
graviton propagates, besides the usual four dimensions, into an additional
$\delta$, compactified, large dimensions and we estimate the graviton
production in $p p$ collisions in the high energy approximation where graviton
emission is factorized. We find that the cross section for graviton production
rises as fast as $(\sqrt{s}/M_f)^{2+\delta}$, where $M_f$ is the fundamental
scale of gravity in $4+\delta$ dimensions, and that the distribution of
radiating a fraction $y$ of the initial particle's energy into gravitational
energy (which goes undetected) behaves as $\delta y^{\delta -1}$. The missing
energy leads to an underestimate of the true energy and generates a break in
the {\sl inferred} cosmic ray spectrum (the "kne"). By fitting the cosmic ray
spectrum data we deduce that the favorite values for the parameters of the
theory are $M_f \sim 8$ TeV and $\delta =4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95879 </DOCNO>
Naturality and Definability II


  In two papers we noted that in common practice many algebraic constructions
are defined only `up to isomorphism' rather than explicitly. We mentioned some
questions raised by this fact, and we gave some partial answers. The present
paper provides much fuller answers, though some questions remain open. Our main
result says that there is a transitive model of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory
with choice (ZFC) in which every fully definable construction is `weakly
natural' (a weakening of the notion of a natural transformation). A corollary
is that there are models of ZFC in which some well-known constructions, such as
algebraic closure of fields, are not explicitly definable. We also show that
there is no model of ZFC in which the explicitly definable constructions are
precisely the natural ones.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6740 </DOCNO>
Time-scale invariance of relaxation processes of density fluctuation in


  The realization of idea of time-scale invariance for relaxation processes in
liquids has been performed by the memory functions formalism. The best
agreement with experimental data for the dynamic structure factor $S(k,\omega)$
of liquid cesium near melting point in the range of wave vectors ($0.4
\ang^{-1} \leq k \leq 2.55 \ang^{-1}$) is found with the assumption of
concurrence of relaxation scales for memory functions of third and fourth
orders. Spatial dispersion of the four first points in spectrum of statistical
parameter of non-Markovity $ \epsilon_{i}(k,\omega)$ at $i=1,2,3,4$ has allowed
to reveal the non-Markov nature of collective excitations in liquid cesium,
connected with long-range memory effect.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77033 </DOCNO>
High-energy neutrino oscillations in absorbing matter


  The impact of neutrino mixing, refraction and absorption on high-energy
neutrino propagation through a thick medium is studied using the MSW evolution
equation with complex indices of refraction. It is found that, owing to the
mixing with sterile neutrinos, the penetrability of active neutrinos may be
many orders of magnitude larger than it would be in the absence of mixing. The
effect is highly sensitive to changes in density and composition of the matter
background as well as to neutrino energy and mixing parameters. This may lead
to observational consequences in neutrino astrophysics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113960 </DOCNO>
Induced Gravity in the Short Range


  We consider a pair of harmonic oscillators in two or three dimensions of
space coupled by the standard electrodynamic forces : the Coulomb, the Lorentz
and the electrokinetic forces. The addition of the Lorentz force is mainly felt
in the short range and suppresses the radial correlated oscillating mode of
such coupled oscillators. This imposes constraints on the system that make the
two transverse modes degenerate. As a result, an 1/r antigravitational
interaction now appears in the surviving anticorrelated radial zero-mode, which
does not allow coherent states to form. As gravitation can only emerge from
coherent modes, it can no longer be transitive. Matter in high densities would
thus tend to increase its disorder, decouple from its own gravity, from the
ordering far infrared Machian background that coheres its rest energy and would
become intrinsically unstable. The highly energetic jets from galactic nuclei
could be the consequence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3555 </DOCNO>
Statics and Dynamics of the 10-state mean-field Potts glass model: A


  We investigate by means of Monte Carlo simulations the fully connected
p-state Potts model for different system sizes in order to see how the static
and dynamic properties of a finite model compare with the, exactly known,
behavior of the system in the thermodynamic limit. Using p=10 we are able to
study the equilibrium dynamics for system sizes as large as N=2560. We find
that the static quantities, such as the energy, the entropy, the spin glass
susceptibility as well as the distribution of the order parameter P(q) show
very strong finite size effects. From P(q) we calculate the forth order
cumulant g_4(N,T) and the Guerra parameter G(N,T) and show that these
quantities cannot be used to locate the static transition temperature for the
system sizes investigated. Also the spin-autocorrelation function C(t) shows
strong finite size effects in that it does not show a plateau even for
temperatures around the dynamical critical temperature T_D. We show that the
N-and T-dependence of the \alpha-relaxation time can be understood by means of
a dynamical finite size scaling Ansatz. C(t) does not obey the time-temperature
superposition principle for temperatures around T_D, but does so for
significantly lower T. Finally we study the relaxation dynamics of the
individual spins and show that their dependence on time depends strongly on the
chosen spin, i.e. that the system is dynamically very heterogeneous, which
explains the non-exponentiality of C(t).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40812 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the CP Violation Parameter sin(2phi_1) in B^0_d Meson


  We present a measurement of the Standard Model CP violation parameter
sin(2phi_1) based on a 10.5 fb^{-1} data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S)
resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e- collider. One
neutral B meson is reconstructed in the J/psi K_S, psi(2S) K_S, chi_{c1} K_S,
eta_c K_S, J/psi K_L or J/psi pi^0 CP-eigenstate decay channel and the flavor
of the accompanying B meson is identified from its charged particle decay
products. From the asymmetry in the distribution of the time interval between
the two B-meson decay points, we determine sin(2phi_1) = 0.58 +0.32-0.34 (stat)
+0.09-0.10 (syst).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124405 </DOCNO>
Chemical composition and origin of nebulae around Luminous Blue


  We use the analysis of the heavy element abundances (C, N, O, S) in
circumstellar nebulae around Luminous Blue Variables to infer the evolutionary
phase in which the material has been ejected.
 (1) We discuss the different effects that may have changed the gas composition
of the nebula since it was ejected
 (2) We calculate the expected abundance changes at the stellar surface due to
envelope convection in the red supergiant phase. If the observed LBV nebulae
are ejected during the RSG phase, the abundances of the LBV nebulae require a
significantly smaller amount of mass to be lost than assumed in evolutionary
models.
 (3) We calculate the changes in the surface composition during the main
sequence phase by rotation induced mixing. If the nebulae are ejected at the
end of the MS-phase, the abundances in LBV nebulae are compatible with mixing
times between 5 x 10^6 and 1 x 10^7 years. The existence of ON stars supports
this scenario.
 (4) The predicted He/H ratio in the nebulae are significantly smaller than the
current observed photospheric values of their central stars.
 Combining various arguments we show that the LBV nebulae are ejected during
the blue SG phase and that the stars have not gone through a RSG phase. The
chemical enhancements are due to rotation induced mixing, and the ejection is
possibly triggered by near-critical rotation. During the ejection, the outflow
was optically thick, which resulted in a large effective radius and a low
effective temperature. This also explains the observed properties of LBV dust.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149871 </DOCNO>
The d=6, (2,0)-tensor multiplet coupled to self-dual strings


  We show that the central charges that group theory allows in the (2,0)
supersymmetry translations algebra arise from a string and a 3-brane by
commuting two supercharges. We show that the net force between two such
parallel strings vanishes. We show that all the coupling constants are fixed
numbers, due to supersymmetry, and self-duality of the three-form field
strength. We obtain a charge quantization for the self-dual field strength, and
show that when compactifying on a two-torus, it reduces to the usual
quantization condition of N=4 SYM with gauge group SU(2), and with coupling
constant and theta angle given by the tau-parameter of the two-torus, provided
that we pick that chiral theory which corresponds to a theta function with zero
characteristics, as expected on manifolds of this form.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 786 </DOCNO>
Magnetization plateaus of SrCu_2(BO_3)_2 from a Chern-Simons theory


  The antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the frustrated Shastry-Sutherland
lattice is studied by a mapping onto spinless fermions carrying one quantum of
statistical flux. Using a mean-field approximation these fermions populate the
bands of a generalized Hofstadter problem. Their filling leads to the
magnetization curve. For SrCu_2(BO_3)_2 we reproduce plateaus at 1/3 and 1/4 of
the saturation moment and predict a new one at 1/2. Gaussian fluctuations are
shown to be massive at these plateau values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76265 </DOCNO>
Recent Progress in Heavy Quark Physics


  Some of the recent progress in heavy quark physics is reviewed. Special
attention is paid to inclusive methods for determining Vub and factorization in
nonleptonic B decays. Theoretical predictions for top-antitop production near
threshold are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125363 </DOCNO>
The origin of angular momentum in dark matter halos


  We propose a new explanation for the origin of angular momentum in galaxies
and their dark halos, in which the halos obtain their spin through the
cumulative acquisition of angular momentum from satellite accretion. In our
model, the build-up of angular momentum is a random walk process associated
with the mass assembly history of the halo's major progenitor. We assume no
correlation between the angular momenta of accreted objects. Using the extended
Press-Schechter approximation, we calculate the growth of mass, angular
momentum, and spin parameter $\lambda$ for many halos. Our random walk model
reproduces the key features of the angular momentum of halos found in N-body
simulations: a lognormal distribution in $\lambda$ with an average of
$<\lambda> \approx 0.04$, independent of mass and redshift. The evolution of
the spin parameter in individual halos in this model is quite different from
the steady increase with time of angular momentum in the tidal torque picture.
We find both in N-body simulations and in our random walk model that the value
of $\lambda$ changes significantly with time for a halo's major progenitor. It
typically has a sharp increase due to major mergers, and a steady decline
during periods of gradual accretion of small satellites. The model predicts
that on average the $\lambda$ of halos which had major mergers after redshift
$z=2$ should be substantially larger than the $\lambda$ of those which did not.
Perhaps surprisingly, this suggests that halos that host late-forming
elliptical galaxies should rotate faster than halos of spiral galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86639 </DOCNO>
Quasi-normal modes of toroidal, cylindrical and planar black holes in


  We study the quasi-normal modes (QNM) of scalar, electromagnetic and
gravitational perturbations of black holes in general relativity whose horizons
have toroidal, cylindrical or planar topology in an asymptotically anti-de
Sitter (AdS) spacetime. The associated quasinormal frequencies describe the
decay in time of the corresponding test field in the vicinities of the black
hole. In terms of the AdS/CFT conjecture, the inverse of the frequency is a
measure of the dynamical timescale of approach to thermal equilibrium of the
corresponding conformal field theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114502 </DOCNO>
Ground state and excitation dynamics in Ag doped helium clusters


  We present a quantum Monte Carlo study of the structure and energetics of
silver doped helium clusters AgHe$_n$ for $n$ up to 100. Our simulations show
the first solvation shell of the Ag atom to be composed by roughly 20 He atoms,
and to possess a structured angular distribution. Moreover, the electronic
$^2$P$_{1/2}\leftarrow ^2$S$_{1/2}$ and $^2$P$_{3/2}\leftarrow ^2$S$_{1/2}$
electronic transitions of the embedded silver impurity have been studied as a
function of the number ofhelium atoms. The computed spectra show a redshift for
$n\leq 15$ and an increasing blueshift for larger clusters, a feature
attributed to the effect of the second solvation shell of He atoms. For the
largest cluster, the computed excitation spectrum is found in excellent
agreement with the ones recorded in superfluid He clusters and bulk. No
signature of the direct formation of proposed AgHe$_2$ exciplex is present in
the computed spectra of AgHe$_{100}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3092 </DOCNO>
Ising Model On A Fibonacci Lattice with Magnetic Field


  We represent a general procedure for calculating the partition function of an
Ising model on a one dimensional Fibonacci lattice in presence of magnetic
field.This partition function can be written as a sum of partition functions of
usual open Ising chains in presence of magnetic field with coefficients having
Fibonacci symmetries.An exact expression for the partition function of the
usual open Ising model is found.We observe that "Mirror Symmetry" is a
characteristic property of all Fibonacci generations.Further nth and (n+6)th
generations have the same topology.We have also established a recurrence
relation among partition functions of different Fibonacci generations from nth
to (n+6)th.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126548 </DOCNO>
The Evolution of Adiabatic Supernova Remnants in a Turbulent, Magnetized


  (Abridged) We present the results of three dimensional calculations for the
MHD evolution of an adiabatic supernova remnant in both a uniform and turbulent
interstellar medium using the RIEMANN framework of Balsara. In the uniform
case, which contains an initially uniform magnetic field, the density structure
of the shell remains largely spherical, while the magnetic pressure and
synchrotron emissivity are enhanced along the plane perpendicular to the field
direction. This produces a bilateral or barrel-type morphology in synchrotron
emission for certain viewing angles. We then consider a case with a turbulent
external medium as in Balsara & Pouquet, characterized by $v_{A}(rms)/c_{s}=2$.
Several important changes are found. First, despite the presence of a uniform
field, the overall synchrotron emissivity becomes approximately spherically
symmetric, on the whole, but is extremely patchy and time-variable, with
flickering on the order of a few computational time steps. We suggest that the
time and spatial variability of emission in early phase SNR evolution provides
information on the turbulent medium surrounding the remnant. The
shock-turbulence interaction is also shown to be a strong source of
helicity-generation and, therefore, has important consequences for magnetic
field generation. We compare our calculations to the Sedov-phase evolution, and
discuss how the emission characteristics of SNR may provide a diagnostic on the
nature of turbulence in the pre-supernova environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148234 </DOCNO>
Noncommutative instantons: a new approach


  We discuss instantons on noncommutative four-dimensional Euclidean space. In
commutative case one can consider instantons directly on Euclidean space, then
we should restrict ourselves to the gauge fields that are gauge equivalent to
the trivial field at infinity. However, technically it is more convenient to
work on four-dimensional sphere.
  We will show that the situation in noncommutative case is quite similar. One
can analyze instantons taking as a starting point the algebra of smooth
functions vanishing at infinity, but it is convenient to add a unit element to
this algebra (this corresponds to a transition to a sphere at the level of
topology). Our approach is more rigorous than previous considerations ; it
seems that it is also simpler and more transparent. In particular, we obtain
the ADHM equations in a very simple way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87309 </DOCNO>
A theory of algebraic integration


  In this paper we extend the idea of integration to generic algebras. In
particular we concentrate over a class of algebras, that we will call
self-conjugated, having the property of possessing equivalent right and left
multiplication algebras. In this case it is always possible to define an
integral sharing many of the properties of the usual integral. For instance, if
the algebra has a continuous group of automorphisms, the corresponding
derivations are such that the usual formula of integration by parts holds. We
discuss also how to integrate over subalgebras. Many examples are discussed,
starting with Grassmann algebras, where we recover the usual Berezin's rule.
The paraGrassmann algebras are also considered, as well as the algebra of
matrices. Since Grassmann and paraGrassmann algebras can be represented by
matrices we show also that their integrals can be seen in terms of traces over
the corresponding matrices. An interesting application is to the case of group
algebras where we show that our definition of integral is equivalent to a sum
over the unitary irreducuble representations of the group. We show also some
example of integration over non self-conjugated algebras (the bosonic and the
$q$-bosonic oscillators), and over non-associative algebras (the octonions).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126646 </DOCNO>
The Luminosity Function and Surface Brightness Distribution of HI


  We measure the z=0 B-band optical luminosity function (LF) for galaxies
selected in a blind HI survey. The total LF of the HI selected sample is flat,
with Schechter parameters M*=-19.38_{-0.62}^{+1.02} + 5 log h mag and
alpha=-1.03_{-0.15}^{+0.25}, in good agreement with LFs of optically selected
late-type galaxies. Bivariate distribution functions of several galaxy
parameters show that the HI density in the local Universe is more widely spread
over galaxies of different size, central surface brightness, and luminosity
than is the optical luminosity density. The number density of very low surface
brightness (>24.0 mag/arcsec^2) gas-rich galaxies is considerably lower than
that found in optical surveys designed to detect dim galaxies. This suggests
that only a part of the population of LSB galaxies is gas rich and that the
rest must be gas poor. However, we show that this gas-poor population must be
cosmologically insignificant in baryon content. The contribution of gas-rich
LSB galaxies (>23.0 mag/arcsec^2) to the local cosmological gas and luminosity
density is modest (18_{-5}^{+6} and 5_{-2}^{+2} per cent respectively); their
contribution to Omega_matter is not well-determined, but probably < 11 per
cent. These values are in excellent agreement with the low redshift results
from the Hubble Deep Field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76722 </DOCNO>
The heavy-to-light transitions in the light-cone QCD sum rules


  We have analyzed the $B\to \pi $ and $B_{s}\to K$ semileptonic form factors
and $B\to V\gamma (V=K^*,\rho,\omega)$ processes in the light-cone QCD sum
rules. In order to enhance the predictivity and reliability of numerical
results the chiral-current correlator is employed and the twist-3 light-cone
wavefunction can be effectively eliminated from the sum rules.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169480 </DOCNO>
Coins, Quantum Measurements, and Turing's Barrier


  Is there any hope for quantum computing to challenge the Turing barrier, i.e.
to solve an undecidable problem, to compute an uncomputable function? According
to Feynman's '82 argument, the answer is {\it negative}. This paper re-opens
the case: we will discuss solutions to a few simple problems which suggest that
{\it quantum computing is {\it theoretically} capable of computing uncomputable
functions}. In this paper a mathematical quantum ``device" (with sensitivity
$\varepsilon$) is constructed to solve the Halting Problem. The ``device" works
on a randomly chosen test-vector for $T$ units of time. If the ``device"
produces a click, then the program halts. If it does not produce a click, then
either the program does not halt or the test-vector has been chosen from an
{\it undistinguishable set of vectors} ${\IF}_{\varepsilon, T}$. The last case
is not dangerous as our main result proves: {\it the Wiener measure of}
${\IF}_{\varepsilon, T}$ {\it constructively tends to zero when} $T$ {\it tends
to infinity}. The
 ``device", working in time $T$, appropriately computed, will determine with a
pre-established precision whether an arbitrary program halts or not. {\it
Building the ``halting machine" is mathematically possible.}

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4731 </DOCNO>
Giant anisotropic magnetostriction in Pr$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$


  Magnetic, linear thermal expansion (LTE), anisotropic ($\lambda_t$) and
volume ($\omega $) magnetostriction properties of Pr$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$
were investigated. The LTE decreases smoothly from 300 K without a clear
anomaly either around the Curie (T$_C$ = 270 K) or the Neel temperature (T$_N$
= 100 K) and it exhibits hysteresis over a wide temperature range (60 K-270 K)
upon warming. Isothermal magnetization study suggests that 13 % of the
ferromagnetic phase coexists with 87 % of the antiferromagnetic phase at 25 K.
The parallel and perpendicular magnetostrictions undergo rapid changes during
the metamagnetic transition. Contrary to the isotropic giant volume
magnetostriction reported in manganites so far, this compound exhibits a giant
anisotropic magnetostriction ($\lambda_t \approx 10^{-3}$) and smaller
volume ($\omega \approx 10^{-4}$) magnetostrictions below T$_N$. We
suggest that the field induced antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition is
accompanied by a structural transition from the d$_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital ordered
antiferromagnetic (orthorhombic) to the orbital disordered ferromagnetic
(tetragonal) phase. The metamagnetic transition proceeds through nucleation and
growth of the ferromagnetic domains at the expense of the antiferromagnetic
phase. The preferential orientation of the ferromagnetic (tetragonal) domains
along the field direction increases the linear dimension of the sample in the
field direction and decreases in the orthogonal direction leading to the
observed giant anisotropic magnetostriction effect. Our study also suggests
that nanodomains of the low temperature antiferromagnetic phase possibly exist
in the temperature region T$_N$ < T < T$_C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75752 </DOCNO>
Topological Defects in Cosmology


  Topological defects are ubiquitous in condensed-matter physics but only
hypothetical in the early universe. In spite of this, even an indirect evidence
for one of these cosmic objects would revolutionize our vision of the cosmos.
We give here an introduction to the subject of cosmic topological defects and
their possible observable signatures. Beginning with a review of the basics of
general defect formation and evolution, we then focus on mainly two topics in
some detail: conducting strings and vorton formation, and some specific
imprints in the cosmic microwave background radiation from simulated cosmic
strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83655 </DOCNO>
A Logical Framework for Convergent Infinite Computations


  Classical computations can not capture the essence of infinite computations
very well. This paper will focus on a class of infinite computations called
convergent infinite computations}. A logic for convergent infinite computations
is proposed by extending first order theories using Cauchy sequences, which has
stronger expressive power than the first order logic. A class of fixed points
characterizing the logical properties of the limits can be represented by means
of infinite-length terms defined by Cauchy sequences. We will show that the
limit of sequence of first order theories can be defined in terms of distance,
similar to the $\epsilon-N$ style definition of limits in real analysis. On the
basis of infinitary terms, a computation model for convergent infinite
computations is proposed. Finally, the interpretations of logic programs are
extended by introducing real Herbrand models of logic programs and a sufficient
condition for computing a real Herbrand model of Horn logic programs using
convergent infinite computation is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149061 </DOCNO>
Wrapped fivebranes and N=2 super Yang-Mills theory


  We construct D=10 supergravity solutions corresponding to type IIB fivebranes
wrapping a two-sphere in a Calabi-Yau two-fold. These are related in the IR to
the large N limit of pure N=2 SU(N) super Yang-Mills theory. We show that the
singularities in the IR correspond to the wrapped branes being distributed on a
ring. We analyse the dynamics of a probe fivebrane and show that it
incorporates the full perturbative structure of the gauge theory. For a class
of solutions the two-dimensional moduli space is non-singular and we match the
result for the corresponding slice of the Coulomb branch of the gauge theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75150 </DOCNO>
Nucleus polarizability contribution to the hydrogen-deuterium isotope


  The correction to the hydrogen-deuterium isotope shift due to the proton and
deuteron polarizability is evaluated on the basis of modern experimental data
on the structure functions of inelastic lepton-nucleus scattering. The
numerical value of this contribution is equal 63\pm 12 Hz.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5230 </DOCNO>
Osculating and neighbour-avoiding polygons on the square lattice


  We study two simple modifications of self-avoiding polygons. Osculating
polygons are a super-set in which we allow the perimeter of the polygon to
touch at a vertex. Neighbour-avoiding polygons are only allowed to have nearest
neighbour vertices provided these are joined by the associated edge and thus
form a sub-set of self-avoiding polygons. We use the finite lattice method to
count the number of osculating polygons and neighbour-avoiding polygons on the
square lattice. We also calculate their radius of gyration and the first
area-weighted moment. Analysis of the series confirms exact predictions for the
critical exponents and the universality of various amplitude combinations. For
both cases we have found exact solutions for the number of convex and
almost-convex polygons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2751 </DOCNO>
Time-reversal asymmetry in Cont-Bouchaud stock market model


  The percolation model of stock market speculation allows an asymmetry (in the
return distribution) leading to fast downward crashes and slow upward recovery.
We see more small upturns and more intermediate downturns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128406 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing Local and Global Influences on Galaxy Morphology: An HST


  (Abridged) We present a morphological analysis of 17 X-ray selected clusters
at z~0.25, imaged uniformly with HST WFPC2. Eight of these clusters have low
X-ray luminosities (<10^{44} erg/s), while the remaining nine clusters have
L_x>10^{45} ergs/s. The clusters cover a relatively small range in redshift and
the data are homogeneous in terms of depth, resolution and rest wavelength
observed. We use GIM2D to fit the two dimensional surface brightness profiles
of galaxies down to M(702)<=-18.2 (Ho=50; roughly 0.01 L*) with parametric
models, and quantify their morphologies using the fractional bulge luminosity
(B/T). Within a single WFPC2 image we find that the Low-Lx clusters are
dominated by galaxies with low B/T (~0), while the High-Lx clusters are
dominated by galaxies with intermediate B/T (~0.4). We test whether this
difference could arise from a universal morphology-density relation due to
differences in the typical galaxy densities in the two samples. We find that
small differences in the B/T distributions of the two samples persist with
marginal statistical significance even when we restrict the comparison to
galaxies in environments with similar projected local galaxy densities. From
the correlations with the bulge and disk luminosity functions, we argue that
the global environment affects the population of bulges, over and above trends
seen with local density. We conclude that the destruction of disks through ram
pressure stripping or harassment is not solely responsible for the
morphology-density relation, and that bulge formation is less efficient in low
mass clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3795 </DOCNO>
Surface Relaxations, Current Enhancements, and Absolute Distances in


  We have performed the most realistic simulation to date of the operation of a
scanning tunneling microscope. Probe-sample distances from beyond tunneling to
actual surface contact are covered. We simultaneously calculate forces, atomic
displacements, and tunneling currents, allowing quantitative comparison with
experimental values. A distance regime below which the probe becomes unstable
is identified. It is shown that the real distance differs substantially from
previous estimates because of large atomic displacements on the surface and at
the probe-tip.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124819 </DOCNO>
Piecing together the big picture


  This article (which appeared with illustrations) was the
astrophysics/cosmology contribution to the historical series ``Pathways of
Discovery'' which appeared in ``Science'' during last year.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169276 </DOCNO>
Violation of Bell inequality for thermal states of interaction qubits


  We study the violations of Bell inequality for thermal states of qubits in a
multi-qubit Heisenberg model as a function of temperature and external magnetic
fields. Unlike the behaviors of the entanglement the violation can not be
obtained by increasing the temperature or the magnetic field. The threshold
temperatures of the violation are found be less than that of the entanglement.
We also consider a realistic cavity-QED model which is a special case of the
mutli-qubit Heisenberg model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75645 </DOCNO>
Charged Current Universality in the MSSM


  We compute the complete one-loop contributions to low-energy charged current
weak interaction observables in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
(MSSM). We obtain the constraints on the MSSM parameter space which arise when
precision low-energy charged current data are analyzed in tandem with
measurements of the muon anomaly. While the data allow the presence of at least
one light neutralino, they also imply a pattern of mass splittings among first
and second generation sleptons and squarks which contradict predictions of
widely used models for supersymmetry breaking mediation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2055 </DOCNO>
Quasiparticle excitation in and around the vortex core of underdoped


  We report a site-selective ^{17}O spin-lattice relaxation rate T_1^{-1} in
the vortex state of underdoped YBa_2Cu_4O_8. We found that T_1^{-1} at the
planar sites exhibits an unusual nonmonotonic NMR frequency dependence. In the
region well outside the vortex core, T_1^{-1} cannot be simply explained by the
density of states of the Doppler-shifted quasiparticles in the d-wave
superconductor. Based on T_1^{-1} in the vortex core region, we establish
strong evidence that the local density of states within the vortex core is
strongly reduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86232 </DOCNO>
Torsion, topology and CPT anomaly in two-dimensional chiral U(1) gauge


  We consider the CPT anomaly of two-dimensional chiral U(1) gauge theory on a
torus with topologically nontrivial zweibeins corresponding to the presence of
spacetime torsion. The resulting chiral determinant can be expressed in terms
of the standard chiral determinant without torsion, but with modified spinor
boundary conditions. This implies that the two-dimensional CPT anomaly can be
moved from one spin structure to another by choosing appropriate zweibeins.
Similar results apply to higher-dimensional chiral gauge theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149253 </DOCNO>
On the Renormalization of a Bosonized Version of the Chiral


  Feynman's functional formulation of statistical mechanics is used to study
the renormalizability of the well known Linear Chiral Sigma Model in the
presence of fermionic fields at finite temperature in an alternative way. It is
shown that the renormalization conditions coincide with those of the zero
temperature model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5313 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Monte Carlo Simulations for a Square-Lattice Ising Ferromagnet


  We derive a direct connection between Monte Carlo time and physical time in
terms of physical parameters, using a quantum Hamiltonian with a
$d$-dimensional phonon heat bath interacting with a square-lattice Ising
ferromagnet. Based on the calculated transition rates, we perform dynamic Monte
Carlo simulations using absorbing Markov chains to measure the lifetimes of the
metastable state at low temperatures. We also calculate the lifetimes
analytically using absorbing Markov chains. The phonon dynamic gives
field-dependent prefactors in the lifetimes at low temperatures, that are
different from the piecewise field-independent prefactors obtained from the
Glauber dynamic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81390 </DOCNO>
Classical solutions with nontrivial holonomy in SU(2) LGT at T \ne 0


  We generate SU(2) lattice gauge fields at finite temperature and cool them in
order to characterize the two phases by the occurrence of specific classical
solutions.We apply two kinds of spatial boundary conditions: fixed holonomy and
standard periodic b.c. For T < T_c our findings concerning classical
configurations semi-quantitatively agree for both types of boundary conditions.
We find in the confinement phase a mixture of undissociated calorons with lumps
of positive or negative half-integer topological charges.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96866 </DOCNO>
An almost-integral universal Vassiliev invariant of knots


  A "total Chern class" invariant of knots is defined. This is a universal
Vassiliev invariant which is integral "on the level of Lie algebras" but it is
not expressible as an integer sum of diagrams. The construction is motivated by
similarities between the Kontsevich integral and the topological Chern
character.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6504 </DOCNO>
Criticality in strongly correlated fluids


  In this brief review I will discuss criticality in strongly correlated
fluids. Unlike simple fluids, molecules of which interact through short ranged
isotropic potential, particles of strongly correlated fluids usually interact
through long ranged forces of Coulomb or dipolar form. While for simple fluids
mechanism of phase separation into liquid and gas was elucidated by van der
Waals more than a century ago, the universality class of strongly correlated
fluids, or in some cases even existence of liquid-gas phase separation remains
uncertain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128783 </DOCNO>
Millions of Single Cloud Weak MgII Systems


  We report on a population of absorption systems selected by the presence of
very weak Mg II doublets. A sub-population of these systems are iron enriched
and have near solar metallicities. This would indicated advanced stages (i.e.
few Gyr) of in situ star formation within the absorbing structures. From
photoionization modeling, we infer low ionization fractions of f(HI/H)~0.01,
and gas densities of ~0.1 cm^-3. Since the maximum HI column densities are
\~10^17 cm^-2, the inferred cloud sizes are ~10 pc. From their redshift number
densities, this implies that their co-moving spatial density outnumbers normal
bright galaxies by a factor of a few million.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72459 </DOCNO>
The Quark-Gluon Plasma: Collective Dynamics and Hard Thermal Loops


  We present a unified description of the high temperature phase of QCD, the
so-called quark-gluon plasma, in a regime where the effective gauge coupling
$g$ is sufficiently small to allow for weak coupling calculations. The main
focuss is the construction of the effective theory for the collective
excitations which develop at a typical scale $gT$, which is well separated from
the typical energy of single particle excitations which is the temperature $T$.
We show that the plasma particles provide a source for long wavelength
oscillations of average fields which carry the quantum numbers of the plasma
constituents, the quarks and the gluons. To leading order in $g$, the plasma
particles obey simple gauge-covariant kinetic equations, whose derivation from
the general Dyson-Schwinger equations is outlined. As a by-product, the ``hard
thermal loops'' emerge naturally in a physically transparent framework. We show
that the collective excitations can be described in terms of classical fields,
and develop for these a Hamiltonian formalism. The effect of collisions among
the hard particles is also studied, in particular in relation with the
effective theory for ultrasoft excitations, with momenta $\sim g^2T$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96043 </DOCNO>
Hopf bimodules are modules over a diagonal crossed product algebra


  If H is a finite dimensional Hopf algebra, C. Cibils and M. Rosso found an
algebra X having the property that Hopf bimodules over H^* coincide with left
X-modules. We find two other algebras, Y and Z, having the same property;
namely, Y is the "two-sided crossed product" H^*#(H\otimes H^{op})# H^{* op}
and Z is the "diagonal crossed product" (H^*\otimes H^{*op})\bowtie (H\otimes
H^{op}) (both concepts are due to F. Hausser and F. Nill). We also find
explicit isomorphisms between the algebras X, Y, Z.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96178 </DOCNO>
Stable tensor fields and moduli space of principal G-sheaves for


  Let X be a smooth projective variety over C. Let G be the group O(r,C), or
Sp(r,C). We find the natural notion of semistable principal G-bundle and, using
GIT, construct the moduli space, which we compactify by considering also
principal G-sheaves, i.e., pairs consisting of a torsion free sheaf and a
bilinear form on it, symmetric if G is orthogonal, and antisymmetric if it is
symplectic. We also consider the case G=SO(r,C). More generally, we consider
semistable tensor fields, i.e., multilinear forms on a torsion free sheaf.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128628 </DOCNO>
A new, cleaner colour-magnitude diagram for the metal-rich globular


  Using two epochs of observations with HST/WFPC2 we obtain the stellar proper
motions for all stars in the field. The proper motions are used to separate the
bulge from the cluster stars. The stellar sequences in the resulting colour-
magnitude diagram (CMD) are better defined than in any previously published
CMD. Using alpha-enhanced stellar isochrones we find NGC 6528 to have a
probable age of 11+-2 Gyrs, this is the first attempt to establish the absolute
age for NGC6528. Previous studies have only compared the fiducial ridge line
for the cluster to that of other globular clusters of similar metallicities.
Mainly the comparisons have been with regards to NGC6553 and 47Tuc. With the
new metallicity determinations for individual stars in both NGC6553 and NGC6528
it is now clear that 47Tuc (at -0.71 dex) has a significantly lower metallicity
than NGC6528 and NGC6553 and is thus not a suitable comparison cluster as
regards differential age determinations. A comparison with the fiducial line
for NGC6553 confirms results in earlier studies, e.g. Ortolani et al. (1995),
that the two clusters indeed have very similar ages. From the measured
velocities both the proper motion of the cluster and the velocity dispersion in
the Galactic bulge are found. NGC 6528 is found to have a proper motion
relative to the Galactic bulge of mu_l=0.006 and mu_b=0.044 arcsec per century.
Using stars with ~14 < V < 19 (i.e. the red giant branch and horizontal branch)
we find, for the Galactic bulge, sigma_l= 0.33 +- 0.03 and sigma_b= 0.25 +-
0.02 arcsec per century. This give sigma_l/sigma_b=1.32 +- 0.16, consistent
both with previous proper motion studies of K giants in the Galactic bulge as
well as with predictions by models of the kinematics of bulge stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41565 </DOCNO>
Search for periodicities in experimental data using an autoregression


  To process data obtained during interference experiments in high-energy
physics, methods of spectral analysis are employed. Methods of spectral
analysis, in which an autoregression model of experimental data is used, such
as the maximum entropy technique as well as Pisarenko and Prony's method, are
described. To show the potentials of the methods, experimental and simulated
hummed data are discussed as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148334 </DOCNO>
Deformed QED via Seiberg-Witten Map


  With the help of the Seiberg-Witten map for photons and fermions we define a
theta-deformed QED at the classical level. Two possibilities of gauge-fixing
are discussed. A possible non-Abelian extension for a pure theta-deformed
Yang-Mills theory is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168446 </DOCNO>
A Clarification on the Detection of Aharanov-Anandan's phase and fault


  We point out that our scheme in manuscript quant-ph/0104127 is misunderstood
by Alexander Blais and Andre-Marie S. Tremblay in their recent e-print
quant-ph/0105006.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3678 </DOCNO>
Is Tsallis thermodynamics nonextensive?


  Within the Tsallis thermodynamics' framework, and using scaling properties of
the entropy, we derive a generalization of the Gibbs-Duhem equation. The
analysis suggests a transformation of variables that allows standard
thermodynamics to be recovered. Moreover, we also generalize Einstein's formula
for the probability of a fluctuation to occur by means of the maximum
statistical entropy method. The use of the proposed transformation of variables
also shows that fluctuations within Tsallis statistics can be mapped to those
of standard statistical mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148246 </DOCNO>
Stacks and D-Brane Bundles


  In this paper we describe explicitly how the twisted ``bundles'' on a D-brane
worldvolume in the presence of a nontrivial B field, can be understood in terms
of sheaves on stacks. We also take this opportunity to provide the physics
community with a readable introduction to stacks and generalized spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5203 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase transitions in the J-J' Heisenberg and XY spin-1/2


  We investigate the critical parameters of an order-disorder quantum phase
transitions in the spin-1/2 $J-J'$ Heisenberg and XY antiferromagnets on square
lattice. Basing on the excitation gaps calculated by exact diagonalization
technique for systems up to 32 spins and finite-size scaling analysis we
estimate the critical couplings and exponents of the correlation length for
both models. Our analysis confirms the universal critical behavior of these
quantum phase transitions: They belong to 3D O(3) and 3D O(2) universality
classes, respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126721 </DOCNO>
Black hole mass and velocity dispersion of narrow line region in active


  Controversy regarding whether Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) follow
the same black hole --- galactic bulge relation as normal galaxies has been
raised by Mathur et al. (2001) and Ferrarese et al. (2001). In this paper, the
correlation between the black hole mass and the velocity dispersion of the
narrow line region, indicated by the [OIII] line width for a heterogeneous
sample of NLS1s, is examined. We show that the non-virial component subtracted
[OIII] width, which may well represent the stellar velocity dispersion
($\sigma$), correlates with the estimated black hole mass $M_bh$, made using
the empirical law for broad line region sizefrom the reverberation mapping
measurements. Considering measurement errors, we find that the relation between
$M_bh$ and the [OIII] width in active galactic nuclei (both NLS1s in this paper
and normal Seyferts in Nelson 2000) is consistent with that defined in nearby
hot galaxies (ellipticals and spiral bulge) but with more scatter. It seems
that there is no clear difference in the relation between $M_bh$ and $\sigma$
(represented by the [OIII] width for AGN) in both NLS1s and normal broad line
active galactic nuclei from the same relation defined by nearby hot galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127607 </DOCNO>
Chemical Abundance Variations in Globular Clusters: Recent Results from


  We present a chemical composition analysis of 36 giant stars in mildly
metal-poor globular cluster M5. In comparing the M5 results to those obtained
in M4, a cluster previously considered to be a ``twin'' in age, metallicity and
chemical composition, we find large star-to-star variations in the abundances
of elements sensitive to proton-capture nucleosynthesis, similar [Fe/H] values,
but factor of two differences in some alpha-capture, odd-Z and slow
neutron-capture process elements. Among stars in globular clusters, apparently
there are no definitive ``single'' values of [el/Fe] at a given [Fe/H] for many
important elements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126955 </DOCNO>
The chemical enrichment of the ICM with BeppoSAX


  We review observations on the chemical enrichment of the intracluster medium
(ICM) performed using BeppoSAX MECS data. The picture emerging is that
non-cooling flow clusters have flat metallicity profiles, whereas a strong
enhancement in the abundance is found in the central regions of the cooling
flow clusters. All the non-cooling flow clusters present evidence of recent
merger activity suggesting that the merger events redistributes efficiently the
metal content of the ICM. The observed abundance excess in the central regions
of cooling flow clusters is probably due to metals ejected from the cD galaxy
located in the cluster core. Cooling flow cluster have also enhanced Nickel
abundances in their cores with respect to the non cooling flow clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168775 </DOCNO>
A Local Hidden Variable Model for Positive Operator Valued Measurements


  We present a local hidden variable model for positive operator valued
measurements (an `LHVPOV model') on a class of entangled generalized Werner
states. We also show that, in general, if the state $\rho'$ can be obtained
from $\rho$ with certainty by local quantum operations without classical
communication then an LHVPOV model for the state $\rho$ implies the existence
of such a model for $\rho'$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125322 </DOCNO>
Quasars, Starbursts, and the Cosmic Energy Budget


  Observations in the far-infrared are the best way to make an unbiased survey
of active galaxies in the loosest sense - but separating the true quasars from
the starburst may be difficult. There is in fact much evidence to suggest that
starburst and AGN activity are intimately connected, and FIRST will help us to
explore this link. Since the last major FIRST conference in Grenoble, this
issue has become even more central to modern astrophysics, with the realisation
of the dominance of the FIR background, the discovery of high redshift SCUBA
sources, and the emergence of the black hole mass deficit problem. What
dominates the cosmic energy budget - nuclear fusion or accretion ?

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76029 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and Brane Cosmology


  We consider a five-dimensional brane world scenario where the fifth dimension
is compactified on $S^1/Z_2$. We show that the familiar four-dimensional
cosmology on our brane is easily recovered during a primordial stage of
inflation if supersymmetry is exploited. Even if some vacuum energy density
appears localized on our three brane, heavy supersymmetric bulk fields adjust
themselves and acquire a nontrivial configuration along the extra-dimension.
This phenomenon redistributes uniformly the energy density across the bulk and
the resulting energy-momentum tensor does not display any singularity
associated to the initial localized energy density on our three-brane. No jumps
across the brane are present for the derivatives of the metric and Einstein's
equations are solved by constant solutions along the fifth dimension. Our
findings make it clear that cosmological phenomena in the supersymmetric brane
world scenario must be studied taking properly into account bulk supersymmetric
states. This comment is particularly relevant when applied to (super)gravity
since in supersymmetric brane world scenarios, even though chiral matter and
gauge fields may be restricted to live on boundaries, gravity multiplets always
propagate in the bulk.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 571 </DOCNO>
Superconducting Properties of MgB2 Bulk Materials Prepared by High


  High-density bulk materials of a newly discovered 40K intermetallic MgB2
superconductor were prepared by high pressure sintering. Superconducting
transition with the onset temperature of 39K was confirmed by both magnetic and
resistive measurements. Magnetization versus field (M-H) curve shows the
behavior of a typical Type II superconductor and the lower critical field
Hc1(0) estimated from M-H curve is 0.032T. The bulk sample shows good
connection between grains and critical current density Jc estimated from the
magnetization hysteresis using sample size was 2x104A/cm2 at 20K and 1T. Upper
critical field Hc2(0) determined by extrapolating the onset of resistive
transition and assuming a dirty limit is 18T.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149860 </DOCNO>
Identity of the imaginary-time and real-time thermal propagators for


  By rigorous reanalysis of the results, we have proven that the propagators at
finite temperature for scalar bound states in one-generation fermion condensate
scheme of electroweak symmetry breaking are in fact identical in the
imaginary-time and the real-time formalism. This dismisses the doubt about
possible discrepancy between the two formalisms in this problem. Identity of
the derived thermal transformation matrices of the real-time matrix propagators
for scalar bound states without and with chemical potential and the ones for
corresponding elementary scalar particles shows similarity of thermodynamic
property between the two types of particles. Only one former inference is
modified, i.e. when the two flavors of fermions have unequal nonzero masses,
the amplitude of the composite Higgs particle will decay instead grow in time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74252 </DOCNO>
Model for dilepton rates from a fireball


  We calculate the dilepton emission rate from a fireball created in an
ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collision. For the partonic phase, we complement
the perturbative results by a phenomenological approach based on lattice QCD
results, whereas in the hadronic phase temperature and finite baryon density
effects on the spectral function are considered. The resulting rates are
compared to data from CERES/NA45.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76120 </DOCNO>
Rare Kaon Decays - Overview


  The theory of rare $K$ decays is reviewed, emphasizing short-distance
processes and the prospects to probe the physics of flavour. A brief overview
of the subject is presented, along with a more detailed discussion of the
theory of $K\to\pi\nu\bar\nu$ decays.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3131 </DOCNO>
Free energy for liquids out of equilibrium


  Starting for the Stillinger and Weber expression for the free energy of
supercooled liquids, we extend the free energy to the case in which two time
scales separate and the system is in quasi-equilibrium. The concept of an
effective temperature, different from the kinetic temperature, is naturally
introduced. An example of hypotetical quasi-equilibrium phase diagram is
presented for the case of SPC/E water.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124824 </DOCNO>
A New Model for the Thermal X-ray Composites and the Neutral Pion Decay


  Recent nonthermal X-ray and gamma-ray observations, attributed to electron
emission processes, for the first time give an experimental confirmation that
electrons are accelerated on SNR shocks up to the energy 10^{14} eV. We have no
direct observational confirmations about proton acceleration by SNR. Different
models of gamma-emission from SNRs predict different emission mechanisms as
dominating. Only decays of neutral pion created in proton-nucleon interactions
allow us to look inside the CR nuclear component acceleration processes. A new
model for the thermal X-ray composites strongly suggest that thermal X-ray peak
inside the radio shell of SNR tells us about entering of one part of SNR shock
into a denser medium compared with other parts of the shell. This makes a TXCs
promising sites for gamma-ray generation via neutral pion decays. Detailed
consideration of SNR-cloud interaction allows to increase an expected proton
induced gamma-ray flux from SNR at least on an order of magnitude, that allows
to adjust the theoretical proton origin gamma-luminosities with observed fluxes
at least for a few SNRs even for low density (n=10-100 cm^{-3}) cloud.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5514 </DOCNO>
Qualitative understanding of the sign of t' asymmetry in the extended


  Numerical calculations illustrate the effect of the sign of the next
nearest-neighbor hopping term t' on the 2-hole properties of the t-t'-J model.
Working mainly on 2-leg ladders, in the -1.0 < t'/t < 1.0 regime, it is shown
that introducing t' in the t-J model is equivalent to effectively renormalizing
J, namely t' negative (positive) is equivalent to an effective t-J model with
smaller (bigger) J. This effect is present even at the level of a 2x2 plaquette
toy model, and was observed also in calculations on small square clusters.
Analyzing the transition probabilities of a hole-pair in the plaquette toy
model, it is argued that the coherent propagation of such hole-pair is enhanced
by a constructive interference between both t and t' for t'>0. This
interference is destructive for t'<0.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75746 </DOCNO>
Quark-gluon vertex in a momentum subtraction scheme


  We compute the quark-gluon vertex in quenched QCD, in the Landau gauge using
an off-shell mean-field O(a)-improved fermion action. The running coupling is
calculated in an `asymmetric' momentum subtraction scheme (MOM~). We obtain a
crude estimate for Lambda_MSbar=170+/-65 MeV, which is considerably lower than
other determinations of this quantity. However, substantial systematic errors
remain.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95655 </DOCNO>
Problemes variationnels invariants par transformation conforme en


  This text proposes geometrical descriptions of all variational problems
invariant by conformal transformations in two variables. First a
characterisation in terms of C-Finsler manifolds, a suitable generalization of
Finsler manifolds, is given. Second Hamiltonian formalisms are explored, with
an emphasis on Caratheodory's formalism. Some of these considerations were
subsequently developped in papers with Joseph Kouneiher in math-ph/0004020 and
math-ph/0010036

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86263 </DOCNO>
Nonrelativistic field theoretic setting for gravitational


  It is shown that a recently proposed model for the gravitational interaction
in non relativistic quantum mechanics is the instantaneous action at a distance
limit of a field theoretic model containing a negative energy field. It reduces
to the Schroedinger-Newton theory in a suitable mean field approximation. While
both the exact model and its approximation lead to estimates for localization
lengths, only the former gives rise to an explicit non unitary dynamics
accounting for the emergence of the classical behavior of macroscopic bodies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5093 </DOCNO>
Effective action approach and Carlson-Goldman mode in d-wave


  We theoretically investigate the Carlson-Goldman (CG) mode in two-dimensional
clean d-wave superconductors using the effective ``phase only'' action
formalism. In conventional s-wave superconductors, it is known that the CG mode
is observed as a peak in the structure factor of the pair susceptibility
$S(\Omega, \mathbf{K})$ only just below the transition temperature T_c and only
in dirty systems. On the other hand, our analytical results support the
statement by Y.Ohashi and S.Takada, Phys.Rev.B {\bf 62}, 5971 (2000) that in
d-wave superconductors the CG mode can exist in clean systems down to the much
lower temperatures, $T \approx 0.1 T_c$. We also consider the manifestations of
the CG mode in the density-density and current-current correlators and discuss
the gauge independence of the obtained results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4480 </DOCNO>
Fractal Spin Glass Properties of Low Energy Configurations in the


  We study numerically and analytically the classical one-dimensional
Frenkel-Kontorova chain in the regime of pinned phase characterized by phonon
gap. Our results show the existence of exponentially many static equilibrium
configurations which are exponentially close to the energy of the ground state.
The energies of these configurations form a fractal quasi-degenerate band
structure which is described on the basis of elementary excitations. Contrary
to the ground state, the configurations inside these bands are disordered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1847 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of the Flux Line Lattice Transition into Square


  We have investigated the temperature dependence of the H || c flux line
lattice structural phase transition from square to hexagonal symmetry, in the
tetragonal superconductor LuNi_2B_2C (T_c = 16.6 K). At temperatures below 10 K
the transition onset field, H_2(T), is only weakly temperature dependent. Above
10 K, H_2(T) rises sharply, bending away from the upper critical field. This
contradicts theoretical predictions of H_2(T) merging with the upper critical
field, and suggests that just below the H_c2(T)-curve the flux line lattice
might be hexagonal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81061 </DOCNO>
Zero temperature string breaking in lattice quantum chromodynamics


  The separation of a heavy quark and antiquark pair leads to the formation of
a tube of flux, or "string", which should break in the presence of light
quark-antiquark pairs. This expected zero-temperature phenomenon has proven
elusive in simulations of lattice QCD. We study mixing between the string state
and the two-meson decay channel in QCD with two flavors of dynamical sea
quarks. We confirm that mixing is weak and find that it decreases at level
crossing. While our study does not show direct effects of internal quark loops,
our results, combined with unitarity, give clear confirmation of string
breaking.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97500 </DOCNO>
On a noncommutative deformation of the Connes-Kreimer algebra


  We study a noncommutative deformation of the commutative Hopf algebra of
rooted trees which was shown by Connes and Kreimer to be related to the
mathematical structure of renormalization in quantum field theories. The
requirement of the existence of an antipode for the noncommutative deformation
leads to a natural extension of the algebra. Noncommutative deformations of the
Connes-Kreimer algebra might be relevant for renormalization of field theories
on noncommutative spaces and there are indications that in this case the
extension of the algebra might be linked to a mixing of infrared and
ultraviolet divergences. We give also an argument that for a certain class of
noncommutative quantum field theories renormalization should be linked to a
noncommutative and noncocommutative self-dual Hopf algebra which can be seen as
a noncommutative counterpart of the Grothendieck- Teichmueller group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168247 </DOCNO>
Is It Possible To Clone Using An Arbitrary Blank State?


  We show that in a cloning process, whether deterministic inexact or
probabilistic exact, one can take an arbitrary blank state while still using a
fixed cloning machine.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86029 </DOCNO>
Notes on moving mirrors


  The Davies-Fulling (DF) model describes the scattering of a massless field by
a non-inertial mirror in two dimensions. In this paper, we generalize this
model in two different ways. First, we consider partially reflecting mirrors.
We show that the Bogoliubov coefficients relating inertial modes can be
expressed in terms of the frequency dependent reflection factor which is
specified in the rest frame of the mirror and the transformation from the
inertial modes to the modes at rest with respect to the mirror. In this
perspective, the DF model is simply the limiting case when this factor is unity
for all frequencies. In the second part, we introduce an alternative model
which is based on self-interactions described by an action principle. When the
coupling is constant, this model can be solved exactly and gives rise to a
partially reflecting mirror. The usefulness of this dynamical model lies in the
possibility of switching off the coupling between the mirror and the field.
This allows to obtain regularized expressions for the fluxes in situations
where they are singular when using the DF model. Two examples are considered.
The first concerns the flux induced by the disappearance of the reflection
condition, a situation which bears some analogies with the end of the
evaporation of a black hole. The second case concerns the flux emitted by a
uniformly accelerated mirror.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5730 </DOCNO>
Absence of magic fillings of carrier-doped C$_{60}$ in a field-effect


  Motivated by recent experiments of carrier-doped C$_{60}$ in a field-effect
transistor (FET), effects of spatial single particle potential variations on
Mott-Hubbard (MH) insulators are studied theoretically. It is shown that the
presence of strong random potentials leads to a reduced dependence of
electronic properties on band fillings and to disappearance of the MH
insulating behavior at integer fillings. A simple physical picture to explain
this behavior is given using a notion of self-doping of the MH insulator. Our
results have important implications on some of the puzzling observations of
carrier-doped C$_{60}$ in the FET. It is also discussed that the FET
configuration with Al{$_2$}O{$_3$} dielectric provides an ``ideal'' system with
strong disorders.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 46 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Theory of Coulomb Blockade Peak Heights in Chaotic Quantum


  We develop a semiclassical theory of Coulomb blockade peak heights in chaotic
quantum dots. Using Berry's conjecture, we calculate the peak height
distributions and the correlation functions. We demonstrate that the
corrections to the corresponding results of the standard statistical theory are
non-universal and can be expressed in terms of the classical periodic orbits of
the dot that are well coupled to the leads. The main effect is an oscillatory
dependence of the peak heights on any parameter which is varied; it is
substantial for both symmetric and asymmetric lead placement. Surprisingly,
these dynamical effects do not influence the full distribution of peak heights,
but are clearly seen in the correlation function or power spectrum. For
non-zero temperature, the correlation function obtained theoretically is in
good agreement with that measured experimentally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6245 </DOCNO>
Confinement of electrons in layered metals


  We analyze the out of plane hopping in models of layered systems where the
in--plane properties deviate from Landau's theory of a Fermi liquid. We show
that the hopping term acquires a non trivial energy dependence, due to the
coupling to in plane excitations, and can be either relevant or irrelevant at
low energies or temperatures. The latter is always the case if the Fermi level
lies close to a saddle point in the dispersion relation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169556 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical Quantization for the Spherically Symmetric Systems under


  The semiclassical quantization rule is derived for a system with a
spherically symmetric potential $V(r) \sim r^{\nu}$ $(-2<\nu <\infty)$ and an
Aharonov-Bohm magnetic flux. Numerical results are presented and compared with
known results for models with $\nu = -1,0,2,\infty$. It is shown that the
results provided by our method are in good agreement with previous results. One
expects that the semiclassical quantization rule shown in this paper will
provide a good approximation for all principle quantum number even the rule is
derived in the large principal quantum number limit $n \gg 1$. We also discuss
the power parameter $\nu $ dependence of the energy spectra pattern in this
paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74906 </DOCNO>
B -> X_s gamma in Supersymmetry with Explicit CP Violation


  We discuss B -> X_s gamma decay in both constrained and unconstrained
supersymmetric models with explicit CP violation within the minimal flavor
violation scheme by including tan(beta) -enhanced large contributions beyond
the leading order. In this analysis, we take into account the relevant
cosmological and collider bounds, as well as electric dipole moment
constraints. In the unconstrained model, there are portions of the parameter
space yielding a large CP asymmetry at leading order (LO). In these regions, we
find that the CP phases satisfy certain sum rules, e.g., the sum of the phases
of the \mu parameter and the stop trilinear coupling centralize around \pi with
a width determined by the experimental bounds. In addition, at large values of
tan(beta), the sign of the CP asymmetry tracks the sign of the gluino mass, and
the CP asymmetry is significantly larger than the LO prediction. In the
constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model based on minimal
supergravity, we find that the decay rate is sensitive to the phase of the
universal trilinear coupling. This sensitivity decreases at large values of the
universal gauino mass. We also show that for a given set of the mass
parameters, there exists a threshold value of the phase of the universal
trilinear coupling which grows with tan(beta) and beyond which the experimental
bounds are satisfied. In both supersymmetric scenarios, the allowed ranges of
the CP phases are wide enough to have phenomenological consequences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95957 </DOCNO>
Vanishing theorems and conjectures for the, $\ell ^2$--homology of


  Associated to any finite flag complex L there is a right-angled Coxeter group
W_L and a cubical complex \Sigma_L on which W_L acts properly and cocompactly.
Its two most salient features are that (1) the link of each vertex of \Sigma_L
is L and (2) \Sigma_L is contractible. It follows that if L is a triangulation
of S^{n-1}, then \Sigma_L is a contractible n-manifold. We describe a program
for proving the Singer Conjecture (on the vanishing of the reduced L^2-homology
except in the middle dimension) in the case of \Sigma_L where L is a
triangulation of S^{n-1}. The program succeeds when n < 5. This implies the
Charney-Davis Conjecture on flag triangulations of S^3. It also implies the
following special case of the Hopf-Chern Conjecture: every closed 4-manifold
with a nonpositively curved, piecewise Euclidean, cubical structure has
nonnegative Euler characteristic. Our methods suggest the following
generalization of the Singer Conjecture.
  Conjecture: If a discrete group G acts properly on a contractible n-manifold,
then its L^2-Betti numbers b_i^{(2)} (G)$ vanish for i>n/2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113966 </DOCNO>
Optimizing the production of metastable calcium atoms in a


  We investigate the production of long lived metastable (3P2, n=4) calcium
atoms in a magneto-optical trap operating on the 1S0 to 1P1 transition at 423
nm. For excited 1P1-atoms a weak decay channel into the triplet states 3P2 and
3P1 exists via the singlet 1D2 (n=3) state. The undesired 3P1-atoms decay back
to the ground state within 0.4 ms and can be fully recaptured if the
illuminated trap volume is sufficiently large. We obtain a flux of above 10^10
atoms/s into the 3P2-state. We find that our MOT life time of 23 ms is mainly
limited by this loss channel and thus the 3P2-production is not hampered by
inelasic collisions. If we close the loss channel by repumping the 1D2-atoms
with a 671 nm laser back into the MOT cycling transition, a non-exponential 72
ms trap decay is observed indicating the presence of inelastic two-body
collisions between 1S0 and 1P1 atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72627 </DOCNO>
M(atrix) Theory: Matrix Quantum Mechanics as a Fundamental Theory


  A self-contained review is given of the matrix model of M-theory. The
introductory part of the review is intended to be accessible to the general
reader. M-theory is an eleven-dimensional quantum theory of gravity which is
believed to underlie all superstring theories. This is the only candidate at
present for a theory of fundamental physics which reconciles gravity and
quantum field theory in a potentially realistic fashion. Evidence for the
existence of M-theory is still only circumstantial---no complete
background-independent formulation of the theory yet exists. Matrix theory was
first developed as a regularized theory of a supersymmetric quantum membrane.
More recently, the theory appeared in a different guise as the discrete
light-cone quantization of M-theory in flat space. These two approaches to
matrix theory are described in detail and compared. It is shown that matrix
theory is a well-defined quantum theory which reduces to a supersymmetric
theory of gravity at low energies. Although the fundamental degrees of freedom
of matrix theory are essentially pointlike, it is shown that higher-dimensional
fluctuating objects (branes) arise through the nonabelian structure of the
matrix degrees of freedom. The problem of formulating matrix theory in a
general space-time background is discussed, and the connections between matrix
theory and other related models are reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97067 </DOCNO>
Harmonic morphisms with one-dimensional fibres on Einstein manifolds


  We prove that, from an Einstein manifold of dimension greater than or equal
to five, there are just two types of harmonic morphism with one-dimensional
fibres. This generalizes a result of R.L. Bryant who obtained the same
conclusion under the assumption that the domain has constant curvature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41219 </DOCNO>
Hadron Formation in DIS in a nuclear environment


  The influence of the nuclear medium on the production of charged hadrons in
semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering has been studied by the HERMES
experiment at DESY using 27.5 GeV positrons.
  A substantial reduction of the multiplicity of charged hadrons and identified
charged pions from nuclei relative to that from deuterium has been measured as
function of the relevant kinematic variables. The preliminary results on
krypton show a larger reduction of the multiplicity ratio $R_M^{h}$ with
respect to the one previously measured on nitrogen and suggest a possible
modification of the quark fragmentation process in the nuclear environment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 639 </DOCNO>
Assessment of exchange-correlation functionals for the calculation of


  We present a detailed study of different exchange-correlation (xc)
functionals in describing the dynamical properties of finite systems. For that
purpose, we calculated the static polarizabilities, ionization potentials and
optical absorption spectrum of four small clusters, Na_2, Na_4, SiH_4 and
Si_2H_6, using a real-space, real-time technique. The computed static
polarizabilities and ionization potentials seem to be in rather good agreement
with the available experimental data, once the proper asymptotics of the
potential are taken into account. The same conclusion holds for the absorption
spectra, although the xc kernels in use do not provide a sufficiently strong
attractive interaction between electrons and holes, leading to spectra slightly
shifted towards higher energies. This deficiency is traced back to the
insufficient description of dynamical effects in the correlation functional.
Furthermore, it is shown that the xc potential used to obtain the ground state
is the key factor to get reasonable spectra, whereas the choice of the xc
kernel just amounts to small, although important, quantitative changes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148559 </DOCNO>
Pulse Propagation in Born-Infeld Theory, the World Volume Equivalence


  A recently proposed world-volume equivalence principal involving the Boillat,
as opposed to the Einstein, metric is examined in the context of some colliding
wave solutions of the Born-Infeld equations for which two plane polarized
pulses pass through one another without distortion. They suffer a delay with
respect to the usual Einstein metric but not with respect to the Boillat
metric. Both metrics are flat in this case, and the closed string and open
string causal structures are interchanged by the Legendre transformation that
is used for solving the associated Monge-Amp\`ere equation. In 1+1 dimensions
the equations are known to be equivalent to the vorticity free motion of a
Chaplygin gas. The latter is shown to be described by the scalar Born-Infeld
equation in all dimensions and it is pointed out that the equation of state is
Hagedorn-like: there is an upper bound to the pressure and temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5179 </DOCNO>
Spurious diffusion in particle simulations of the Kolmogorov flow


  Particle simulations of the Kolmogorov flow are analyzed by the
Landau-Lifshitz fluctuating hydrodynamics. It is shown that a spurious
diffusion of the center of mass corrupts the statistical properties of the
flow. The analytical expression for the corresponding diffusion coefficient is
derived.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83679 </DOCNO>
Modelling Contractual Arguments


  One influential approach to assessing the "goodness" of arguments is offered
by the Pragma-Dialectical school (p-d) (Eemeren & Grootendorst 1992). This can
be compared with Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) (Mann & Thompson 1988), an
approach that originates in discourse analysis. In p-d terms an argument is
good if it avoids committing a fallacy, whereas in RST terms an argument is
good if it is coherent. RST has been criticised (Snoeck Henkemans 1997) for
providing only a partially functional account of argument, and similar
criticisms have been raised in the Natural Language Generation (NLG)
community-particularly by Moore & Pollack (1992)- with regards to its account
of intentionality in text in general. Mann and Thompson themselves note that
although RST can be successfully applied to a wide range of texts from diverse
domains, it fails to characterise some types of text, most notably legal
contracts. There is ongoing research in the Artificial Intelligence and Law
community exploring the potential for providing electronic support to contract
negotiators, focusing on long-term, complex engineering agreements (see for
example Daskalopulu & Sergot 1997). This paper provides a brief introduction to
RST and illustrates its shortcomings with respect to contractual text. An
alternative approach for modelling argument structure is presented which not
only caters for contractual text, but also overcomes the aforementioned
limitations of RST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125140 </DOCNO>
HI in Abell 3128


  We discuss Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) HI 21cm data for the
galaxy cluster A3128. Our observations are intentionally relatively shallow,
and a blind search through our data cube yields (tentative) detections of only
two galaxies, of which one is probably spurious.
  A3128 is part of the ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey (ENACS); redshifts are
available for 193 galaxies in the A3128 region. For 148 of these galaxies the
redshifts are such that the HI emission (if any) would lie within our data
cube. We use the known redshifts of these galaxies to coadd their spectra and
thus improve our sensitivity to HI emission. The technique is fairly successful
-- the coadded spectra allow detection of an average mass content of ~ 9x10^8
Msun, almost an order of magnitude lower than for direct detection of
individual objects.
  By dividing the total galaxy sample into subsamples we find that the gas
content of late type galaxies that lie outside the X-ray emitting core of the
cluster is substantially higher than that of those within the core. Even
outside the X-ray emitting region the distribution of gas-rich galaxies in the
cluster is not uniform, we find that gas-rich galaxies are concentrated in the
east of the cluster. This is consistent with earlier analyses of the kinematics
of the galaxies in A3128 which indicate the presence of subclustering.
  In summary we find that coadding spectra is a powerful tool for the study of
HI in cluster galaxies, and suggest that this technique could be applied to
substantially increase the redshift range over which such observations could be
carried out.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5639 </DOCNO>
Mechanical denaturation of DNA: existence of a low temperature


  Recent theoretical predictions on DNA mechanical separation induced by
pulling forces are numerically tested within a model in which self-avoidance
for DNA strands is fully taken into account. DNA strands are described by
interacting pairs of self avoiding walks (SAW) which are pulled apart by a
force applied at the two extremities. The whole phase diagram is spanned by
extensive Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and the existence of a low temperature
denaturation is confirmed. The basic features of the phase diagram and the
re-entrant phase boundary are also obtained with a simple heuristic argument
based on an energy-entropy estimate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179386 </DOCNO>
Charged Multiplicities at SPS and RHIC and consequences for $J/\psi$


  Hadron multiplicities in nucleus--nucleus interactions are calculated in the
Dual Parton Model and its dependence on the number of collisions and the number
of participants is analyzed. Shadowing corrections are calculated as a function
of impact parameter and the multiplicity per participant as a funtion of
centrality is found to be in agreement with experiment at SPS and RHIC
energies. The obtained results are used to compute the $J/\psi$ suppression in
a comover approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150286 </DOCNO>
Newton's law in braneworlds with an infinite extra dimension


  We study the behavior of the four$-$dimensional Newton's law in warped
braneworlds. The setup considered here is a $(3+n)$-brane embedded in $(5+n)$
dimensions, where $n$ extra dimensions are compactified and a dimension is
infinite. We show that the wave function of gravity is described in terms of
the Bessel functions of $(2+n/2)$-order and that estimate the correction to
Newton's law. In particular, the Newton's law for $n=1$ can be exactly
obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83927 </DOCNO>
The Open Language Archives Community and Asian Language Resources


  The Open Language Archives Community (OLAC) is a new project to build a
worldwide system of federated language archives based on the Open Archives
Initiative and the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. This paper aims to
disseminate the OLAC vision to the language resources community in Asia, and to
show language technologists and linguists how they can document their tools and
data in such a way that others can easily discover them. We describe OLAC and
the OLAC Metadata Set, then discuss two key issues in the Asian context:
language classification and multilingual resource classification.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76726 </DOCNO>
Photon emission in heavy ion collisions at the CERN SPS


  We compute the thermal photon spectrum in the Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN
SPS energy using thermal emission rates and a hydrodynamic description for the
evolution of produced hot matter and compare our results with the measurements
of the excess photons by the WA98 collaboration. Our results show that the
measured photon spectrum can be reproduced with realistic initial conditions
which take properly into account also the finite longitudinal size of the
initial collision zone and which simultaneously describe well both the
transverse and longitudinal hadron spectra. In the scenario with initial
formation of QGP the recently calculated emission rate, complete to order
alpha_s, reproduces the measured spectrum. However, the experimental spectrum
can also be reproduced in a purely hadronic scenario without transition to QGP
state, but a high initial temperature, much over the values predicted for the
phase transition temperature T_c, is required.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125067 </DOCNO>
Constraints on the Progenitors of SNeIa & Implications for the


  Detailed calculations for the stellar evolution, explosion and light curves
have been performed to quantify the influence of the main sequence mass M(MS)
and the metallicity of the progenitor on the structure of the exploding WD
which are thought to be the progenitors of SNe Ia. In particular,we study the
effects of progenitors on the brightness decline relation M(dM_15) which is a
corner stone for the use of SNe Ia as cosmological yard-stick.M(MS) has been
identified as the decisive factor to change the energetics of the explosion and
dominates the variations in the rise-time to decline relation of light curves.
M(MS) has little effect on the color index B-V. For similar decline rates
dM_15, the flux at maximum brightness relative to the flux on the radioactive
tail decreases systematically with M(MS) by about 0.2mag. This change goes
along with a reduc- tion of the photospheric expansion velocity $v_{ph}$ by
about 2000 km/sec. A change in the central density has the opposite dependency.
The metallicity Z affects mainly the intrinsic color index B-V by up to
-0.06mag, and it alters the fluxes in the U band and the UV. B-V is critical if
extinction corrections are applied. The spread in the fiducial rise-time to
decline relation in local SNe Ia restricts the range of main sequence masses to
a factor of 2. The upper limit of 1 day for the difference between the local
and distance sample support the need for a positive cosmological constant. The
size of evolutionary effects are small (dM abou 0.2mag) but are absolutely
critical for the reconstruction of the cosmological equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168005 </DOCNO>
Characterization of high finesse mirrors: loss, phase shifts and mode


  An extensive characterization of high finesse optical cavities used in cavity
QED experiments is described. Different techniques in the measurement of the
loss and phase shifts associated with the mirror coatings are discussed and
their agreement shown. Issues of cavity field mode structure supported by the
dielectric coatings are related to our effort to achieve the strongest possible
coupling between an atom and the cavity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168371 </DOCNO>
Revisiting Hardy's Paradox: Counterfactual Statements, Real


  Classical-realistic analysis of entangled systems have lead to retrodiction
paradoxes, which ordinarily have been dismissed on the grounds of
counter-factuality. Instead, we claim that such paradoxes point to a deeper
logical structure inherent to quantum mechanics, which is naturally described
in the language of weak values, and which is accessible experimentally via weak
measurements. Using as an illustration, a gedanken-experiment due to
Hardy\cite{hardy}, we show that there is in fact an exact numerical coincidence
between a) a pair of classically contradictory assertions about the locations
of an electron and a positron, and b) the results of weak measurements of their
location. The internal consistency of these results is due to the novel way by
which quantum mechanics "resolves" the paradox: first, by allowing for two
distinguishable manifestations of how the electron and positron can be at the
same location: either as single particles or as a pair; and secondly, by
allowing these properties to take either sign. In particular, we discuss the
experimental meaning of a {\em negative} number of electron-positron pairs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74800 </DOCNO>
Scaling property and peculiar velocity of global monopoles


  We investigate the scaling property of global monopoles in the expanding
universe. By directly solving the equations of motion for scalar fields, we
follow the time development of the number density of global monopoles in the
radiation dominated (RD) universe and the matter dominated (MD) universe. It is
confirmed that the global monopole network relaxes into the scaling regime and
the number per hubble volume is a constant irrespective of the cosmic time. The
number density $n(t)$ of global monopoles is given by $n(t) \simeq
(0.43\pm0.07) / t^{3}$ during the RD era and $n(t) \simeq (0.25\pm0.05) /
t^{3}$ during the MD era. We also examine the peculiar velocity $v$ of global
monopoles. For this purpose, we establish a method to measure the peculiar
velocity by use of only the local quantities of the scalar fields. It is found
that $v \sim (1.0 \pm 0.3)$ during the RD era and $v \sim (0.8 \pm 0.3)$ during
the MD era. By use of it, a more accurate analytic estimate for the number
density of global monopoles is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97117 </DOCNO>
Smooth *-algebras


  Looking for the universal covering of the smooth non-commutative torus leads
to a curve of associative multiplications on the space $\Cal O_M'(\Bbb
R^{2n})\cong \Cal O_C(\Bbb R^{2n})$ of Laurent Schwartz which is smooth in the
deformation parameter $\hbar$. The Taylor expansion in $\hbar$ leads to the
formal Moyal star product. The non-commutative torus and this version of the
Heisenberg plane are examples of smooth *-algebras: smooth in the sense of
having many derivations. A tentative definition of this concept is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6618 </DOCNO>
Crystal and magnetic structure of the La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$


  We studied the crystal and magnetic structure of the
La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ compound for $x=0.8$ and $x=0.85$. At T=300 K both
samples are paramagnetic with crystallographic symmetry $Pnma$. At low
temperatures they undergo a monoclinic distortion from orthorhombic $Pnma$-type
structure with $a_p\sqrt{2}\times 2a_p\times a_p\sqrt{2}$ to a monoclinic
structure with ($a_p\sqrt{2}\times 2a_p\times a_p\sqrt{2}$,
$\beta=90+\epsilon\sim 91.4^{\rm o}$) and $P2_1/m$ space group below $T_N$. The
onset of the structural transformation coincides with the development of the
$C$-type long range antiferromagnetic order with propagation vector ${\bf
k}=({1/2},0,{1/2})$. The monoclinic unit cell allowed us to determine the
direction of the Mn magnetic moment with respect to the crystallographic axes:
it is perpendicular to the propagation vector, ${\bf m}\perp {\bf
k}=({1/2},0,{1/2})$. The amplitude of the ordered magnetic moment at $T=1.6$ K
is found to be $2.53(2)$ and $2.47(2)\mu_{B}$ for $x=0.8$ and 0.85,
respectively.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6649 </DOCNO>
Semiclassical analysis of a two-electron quantum dot in a magnetic


  While the dynamics for three-dimensional axially symmetric two-electron
quantum dots with parabolic confinement potentials is in general non-separable
we have found an exact separability with three quantum numbers for specific
values of the magnetic field. Furthermore, it is shown that the magnetic
properties such as the magnetic moment and the susceptibility are sensitive to
the presence and strength of a vertical confinement. Using a semiclassical
approach the calculation of the eigenvalues reduces to simple quadratures
providing a transparent and almost analytical quantization of the quantum dot
energy levels which differ from the exact energies only by a few percent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40963 </DOCNO>
Experimental Investigation of the Two-Photon Widths of the $\chi_{c0}$


  Using 12.7 $fb^{-1}$ of data collected with the CLEO detector at CESR, we
observed two-photon production of the $c \bar c$ states $\chi_{c0}$ and
$\chi_{c2}$ in their decay to $\pi^+ \pi^- \pi^+ \pi^-$. We measured
$\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}(\chi_{c}) \times {\mathcal B}(\chi_{c} \to
\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-)$ to be 75 +- 13 (stat) +- 8 (syst) eV for the $\chi_{c0}$
and 6.4 +- 1.8 (stat) +- 0.8 (syst) eV for the $\chi_{c2}$, implying
$\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}(\chi_{c0})$ = 3.76 +- 0.65 (stat) +- 0.41 (syst) +- 1.69
(br) keV and $\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}(\chi_{c2})$ = 0.53 +- 0.15 (stat) +- 0.06
(syst) +- 0.22 (br) keV. Also, cancelation of dominant experimental and
theoretical uncertainties permits a precise comparison of
$\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}(\chi_{c0})/\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}(\chi_{c2})$, evaluated
to be 7.4 +- 2.4 (stat) +- 0.5 (syst) +- 0.9 (br), with QCD-based predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73150 </DOCNO>
Effect of Supersymmetric phases on the Direct CP Asymmetry of B -> X_d


  We investigate the effect of supersymmetric CP violating phases on the
inclusive decay B\to X_d\gamma. Although such a decay contains a large
background from B\to X_s\gamma, if isolated it may exhibit sizeable CP
violation, both in the Standard Model (SM) and in the context of models beyond
the SM. With unconstrained supersymmetric CP violating phases we show that the
direct CP asymmetry (A_CP) lies in the region -40%
 \le A_CP \le 40%, where a positive asymmetry would constitute a clear signal
of physics beyond the SM. Even if a direct measurement of B\to X_d\gamma proves
too dif ficult experimentally, its asymmetry contributes non-negligibly to the
measurements of A_CP for B\to X_s\gamma, and thus should be included in future
analyses. We show t hat there may be both constructive and destructive
interference between A^d\gamma_CP and A^s\gamma_CP.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83883 </DOCNO>
Open Access to Monopoly Cable Platforms Versus Direct Access To


  In 1999, the FCC authorized direct access to INTELSAT, allowing INTELSAT's
U.S. customers and competitors to bypass INTELSAT's U.S. retail affiliate
(COMSAT), and to take satellite capacity at wholesale prices directly from
INTELSAT. This policy was modeled in many respects on the access and unbundling
requirements applicable to domestic incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs)
under the Telecommunications Act of 1996. At the same time, incumbent domestic
cable TV system operators have not been required to provide wholesale open
access to competitive Internet Service Providers (ISPs) seeking to provide
residential broadband Internet service through existing proprietary cable
facilities. Yet the policy arguments favoring open access to incumbent domestic
cable systems appear to be stronger than those favoring direct access to
INTELSAT.
  For example, it may be fairly debated whether entrenched cable system
operators are now positioned to unfairly leverage their dominance in the
multichannel video programming distribution (MVPD) market to thwart competition
in the broadband ISP market, as some cable open access advocates assert. In
contrast, it is clear that no analogous issues of tying were implicated by
INTELSAT in 1999, when its position in the international telecommunications
market was substantially nondominant and, in any event, it had no new product
to tie to its established offerings. Similarly, while it may be debated whether
or not a cable plant is a bottleneck facility that gatekeeps broadband Internet
for many residential users, it is beyond cavil that INTELSAT in 1999 controlled
virtually no such bottleneck facilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113435 </DOCNO>
On Resonant Multi-Bunch Wakefield Effects in Linear Accelerators with


  In this report we explore resonant multi-bunch, transverse wakefield effects
in a linear accelerator in which the dipole modes of the accelerator structures
have been detuned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129498 </DOCNO>
Deuterium Abundance Toward WD2211-495: Results from the Far Ultraviolet


  We present a deuterium abundance analysis of the line of sight toward the
white dwarf WD2211-495 observed with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer
(FUSE). Numerous interstellar lines are detected on the continuum of the
stellar spectrum. A thorough analysis was performed through the simultaneous
fit of interstellar absorption lines detected in the four FUSE channels of
multiple observations with different slits. We excluded all saturated lines in
order to reduce possible systematic errors on the column density measurements.
We report the determination of the average interstellar D/O and D/N ratios
along this line of sight at the 95% confidence level: D/O = 4.0 +/-1.2 *10^-2;
D/N = 4.4 +/-1.3 *10^-1. In conjunction with FUSE observations of other nearby
sight lines, the results of this study will allow a deeper understanding of the
present-day abundance of deuterium in the local interstellar medium and its
evolution with time.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83919 </DOCNO>
Electronic Commerce, Consumer Search and Retailing Cost Reduction


  This paper explains four things in a unified way. First, how e-commerce can
generate price equilibria where physical shops either compete with virtual
shops for consumers with Internet access, or alternatively, sell only to
consumers with no Internet access. Second, how these price equilibria might
involve price dispersion on-line. Third, why prices may be higher on-line.
Fourth, why established firms can, but need not, be more reluctant than newly
created firm to adopt e-commerce. For this purpose we develop a model where
e-commerce reduces consumers' search costs, involves trade-offs for consumers,
and reduces retailing costs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3723 </DOCNO>
Is the particle current a relevant feature in driven lattice gases?


  By performing extensive MonteCarlo simulations we show that the infinitely
fast driven lattice gas (IDLG) shares its critical properties with the randomly
driven lattice gas (RDLG).
 All the measured exponents, scaling functions and amplitudes are the same in
both cases. This strongly supports the idea that the main relevant
non-equilibrium effect in driven lattice gases is the anisotropy (present in
both IDLG and RDLG) and not the particle current (present only in the IDLG).
This result, at odds with the predictions from the standard theory for the
IDLG, supports a recently proposed alternative theory. The case of finite
driving fields is also briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179515 </DOCNO>
Shell-Model Calculations with Realistic Effective Interactions


  In this paper, we present some results of shell-model calculations employing
effective interactions derived from the CD-Bonn free nucleon-nucleon potential.
These concern 18O, 134Te, and 210Po, and are part of a comprehensive study of
nuclei around doubly closed shells. Comparison of the calculated results with
experimental data illustrates the degree of accuracy of modern realistic
shell-model calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148662 </DOCNO>
Unconstrained Variables of Non-Commutative Open Strings


  The boundary conditions of the bosonic string theory in non-zero $B$-field
background are equivalent to the second class constraints of a discretized
version of the theory. By projecting the original canonical coordinates onto
the constraint surface we derive a set of coordinates of string that are
unconstrained.These coordinates represent a natural framework for the
quantization of the theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 942 </DOCNO>
Rayleigh-Taylor Instabilities in Thin Films of Tapped Powder


  We observe powder ''droplets'' forming when tapping repeatidly an horizontal
flat plate initially covered with a monolayer of fine powder particles.
Starting from a simple model involving both the air flow through the porous
cake and avalanche properties, we setup an analytical model which
satisfactorily fits the experimental results. We observe a close analogy
between the governing equations of the phenomenon and the basic physics of
wetting liquids, including the equivalent of the Laplace-Young law and the
surface tension parameter leading to the familiar Rayleigh Taylor instability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40769 </DOCNO>
Discriminating Neutrino See-Saw Models


  We consider how well current theories can predict neutrino mass and mixing
parameters, and construct a statistical discriminator which allows us to
compare different models to each other. As an example we consider see-saw
models based on family symmetry, and single right-handed neutrino dominance,
and compare them to each other and to the case of neutrino anarchy with random
entries in the neutrino Yukawa and Majorana mass matrices. The predictions
depend crucially on the range of the undetermined coefficients over which we
scan, and we speculate on how future theories might lead to more precise
predictions for the coefficients and hence for neutrino observables. Our
results indicate how accurately neutrino masses and mixing angles need to be
measured by future experiments in order to discriminate between current models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96290 </DOCNO>
Bounds for weight distribution of weakly self-dual codes


  Upper bounds are given for the weight distribution of binary weakly self-dual
codes. To get these new bounds, we introduce a novel method of utilizing
unitary operations on Hilbert spaces. This method is motivated by recent
progress on quantum computing. This new approach leads to much simpler proofs
for such genre of bounds on the weight distributions of certain classes of
codes. Moreover, in some cases, our bounds are improvements on the earlier
bounds. These improvements are achieved, either by extending the range of the
weights over which the bounds apply, or by extending the class of codes
subjected to these bounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150206 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry-based Approach to Quantum Particle Dynamics


  We present the N=2 supersymmetric formulation for the classical and quantum
dynamics of a nonrelativistic charged particle on a curved surface in the
presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. For a particle moving on a
constant-curvature surface in a constant magnetic field, our Hamiltonian
possesses the shape-invariance property in addition. On the surface of a sphere
and also on the hyperbolic plane, we exploit the supersymmetry and
shape-invariance properties to obtain complete solutions to the corresponding
quantum mechanical problems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95433 </DOCNO>
On maps with unstable singularities


  If a continuous map f: X->Q is approximable arbitrary closely by embeddings
X->Q, can some embedding be taken onto f by a pseudo-isotopy? This question,
called Isotopic Realization Problem, was raised by Shchepin and Akhmet'ev. We
consider the case where X is a compact n-polyhedron, Q a PL m-manifold and show
that the answer is 'generally no' for (n,m)=(3,6); (1,3), and 'yes' when:
 1) m>2n, (n,m)\neq (1,3);
 2) 2m>3(n+1) and the set {(x,y)|f(x)=f(y)} has an equivariant (with respect to
the factor exchanging involution) mapping cylinder neighborhood in X\times X;
 3) m>n+2 and f is the composition of a PL map and a TOP embedding.
  In doing this, we answer affirmatively (with a minor preservation) a question
of Kirby: does small smooth isotopy imply small smooth ambient isotopy in the
metastable range, verify a conjecture of Kearton-Lickorish: small PL
concordance implies small PL ambient isotopy in codimension \ge 3, and a
conjecture set of Repovs-Skopenkov.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6933 </DOCNO>
Coherent Tunneling of Atoms from Bose-condensed Gases at Finite


  Tunneling of atoms between two trapped Bose-condensed gases at finite
temperatures is explored using a many-body linear response tunneling formalism
similar to that used in superconductors. To lowest order, the tunneling
currents can be expressed quite generally in terms of the single-particle
Green's functions of the isolated Bose gases. A coherent first-order tunneling
Josephson current between two atomic Bose-condensates is found, in addition to
coherent and dissipative contributions from second-order
condensate-noncondensate and noncondensate-noncondensate tunneling. Our work is
a generalization of Meier and Zwerger, who recently treated tunneling between
uniform atomic Bose gases. We apply our formalism to the analysis of an
out-coupling experiment induced by light wave fields, using a simple
Bogoliubov-Popov quasiparticle approximation for the trapped Bose gas. For
tunneling into the vacuum, we recover the results of Japha, Choi, Burnett and
Band, who recently pointed out the usefulness of studying the spectrum of
out-coupled atoms. In particular, we show that the small tunneling current of
noncondensate atoms from a trapped Bose gas has a broad spectrum of energies,
with a characteristic structure associated with the Bogoliubov quasiparticle
u^2 and v^2 amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41620 </DOCNO>
Improving the discovery potential of charged Higgs bosons at Tevatron


  By exploiting the full process $p\bar p\to t\bar b H^-$, in place of the
standard Monte Carlo procedure of factorising production and decay, $p\bar p\to
t\bar t$ followed by $\bar t\to\bar b H^-$, we show how to improve the
discovery reach of the Tevatron (Run 2) in charged Higgs boson searches, in the
large $\tan\beta$ region. This is achieved in conjunction with dedicated cuts
on a `transverse mass' distribution sensitive to the Higgs boson mass and to
`polarisation' effects in the $H^-\to\tau^-\bar\nu_\tau$ decay channel.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98217 </DOCNO>
A Hybrid Fluid-Kinetic Theory for Plasma Physics


  We parameterize the phase space density by time dependent diffeomorphic,
Poisson preserving transformations on phase space acting on a reference density
solution. We can look at these as transformations which fix time on the
extended space of phase space and time. In this formulation the Vlasov equation
is replaced by a constraint equation for the above maps. The new equations are
formulated in terms of hamiltonian generators of one parameter families of
diffeomorphic, Poisson preserving maps e.g. generators with respect to time or
a perturbation parameter. We also show that it is possible to parameterize the
space of solutions of the Vlasov equation by composition of maps subject to
certain compatibility conditions on the generators. By using this composition
principle we show how to formulate new equations for a hybrid fluid kinetic
theory. This is done by observing that a certain subgroup of the group of phase
space maps with generators which are linear in momentum correspond to the group
of diffeomorphic maps parameterizing the continuity equation in fluid theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168021 </DOCNO>
Relaxation Method For Calculating Quantum Entanglement


  In a previous paper, we showed how entanglement of formation can be defined
as a minimum of the quantum conditional mutual information (a.k.a. quantum
conditional information transmission). In classical information theory, the
Arimoto-Blahut method is one of the preferred methods for calculating extrema
of mutual information. In this paper, we present a new method, akin to the
Arimoto-Blahut method, for calculating entanglement of formation. We also
present several examples computed with a computer program called Causa Comun
that implements the ideas of this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4156 </DOCNO>
Multiresolution analysis for efficient, high precision all-electron


  Multiresolution analysis of electronic structure affords the opportunity to
capture the full physics of atomic cores in a systematically improvable manner.
Applying new techniques, we demonstrate for the first time that multiresolution
analysis of all-electron calculations within density-functional theory can be
carried out to high precision with a computational effort comparable to that of
the corresponding plane-wave pseudopotential calculation, which neither
captures the full core physics nor is systematically improvable. With this
approach, we present calculations of paramagnetic core-level shifts where local
density-functional theory is the sole uncontrolled approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148398 </DOCNO>
Self-adjoint extensions of operators and the teaching of quantum


  For the example of the infinitely deep well potential, we point out some
paradoxes which are solved by a careful analysis of what is a truly
self-adjoint operator. We then describe the self-adjoint extensions and their
spectra for the momentum and the Hamiltonian operators in different physical
situations. Some consequences are worked out, which could lead to experimental
checks.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 8 </DOCNO>
Vacuum energy and cosmological constant: View from condensed matter


  The condensed matter examples, in which the effective gravity appears in the
low-energy corner as one of the collective modes of quantum vacuum, provide a
possible answer to the question, why the vacuum energy is so small. This answer
comes from the fundamental ``trans-Planckian'' physics of quantum liquids. In
the effective theory of the low energy degrees of freedom the vacuum energy
density is proportional to the fourth power of the corresponding ``Planck''
energy appropriate for this effective theory. However, from the exact ``Theory
of Everything'' of the quantum liquid it follows that its vacuum energy density
is exactly zero without fine tuning, if: there are no external forces acting on
the liquid; there are no quasiparticles which serve as matter; no space-time
curvature; and no boundaries which give rise to the Casimir effect. Each of
these four factors perturbs the vacuum state and induces the nonzero value of
the vacuum energy density of order of energy density of the perturbation. This
is the reason, why one must expect that in each epoch the vacuum energy density
is of order of matter density of the Universe, or/and of its curvature, or/and
of the energy density of smooth component -- the quintessence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2740 </DOCNO>
Lattice constant variation and complex formation in zincblende Gallium


  We perform high resolution X-ray diffraction on GaMnAs mixed crystals as well
as on GaMnAs/GaAs and GaAs/MnAs superlattices for samples grown by low
temperature molecular beam epitaxy under different growth conditions. Although
all samples are of high crystalline quality and show narrow rocking curve
widths and pronounced finite thickness fringes, the lattice constant variation
with increasing manganese concentration depends strongly on the growth
conditions: For samples grown at substrate temperatures of 220 and 270 degrees
C the extrapolated relaxed lattice constant of Zincblende MnAs is 0.590 nm and
0.598 nm respectively. This is in contrast to low temperature GaAs, for which
the lattice constant decreases with increasing substrate temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123681 </DOCNO>
Dust-penetrated morphology in the high-redshift universe: clues from NGC


  Results from the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) North and South show a large
percentage of high-redshift galaxies whose appearance falls outside traditional
classification systems. The nature of these objects is poorly understood, but
sub-mm observations indicate that at least some of these systems are heavily
obscured (Sanders 2000). This raises the intriguing possibility that a
physically meaningful classification system for high-redshift galaxies might be
more easily devised at rest-frame infrared wavelengths, rather than in the
optical regime. Practical realization of this idea will become possible with
the advent of the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST). In order to explore
the capability of NGST for undertaking such science, we present NASA-IRTF and
SCUBA observations of NGC 922, a chaotic system in our local Universe which
bears a striking resemblance to objects such as HDF 2-86 (z=0.749) in the HDF
North. If objects such as NGC 922 are common at high-redshifts, then this
galaxy may serve as a local morphological `Rosetta stone' bridging low and
high-redshift populations. In this paper we demonstrate that quantitative
measures of galactic structure are recoverable in the rest-frame infrared for
NGC 922 seen at high redshifts using NGST, by simulating the appearance of this
galaxy at redshifts z=0.7 and z=1.2 in rest-frame K'. Our results suggest that
the capability of efficiently exploring the rest-wavelength IR morphology of
high-z galaxies should probably be a key factor in deciding the final choice of
instruments for the NGST.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76601 </DOCNO>
The strong coupling constant from lattice QCD with N_f=2 dynamical


  We compute $\Lambda_{\bar{MS}}$ for two flavors of light dynamical quarks
using non-perturbatively $O(a)$ improved Wilson fermions. We improve on a
recent calculation by employing Pad\'e-improved two-loop and three-loop
perturbation theory to convert the lattice numbers to the $\bar{MS}$ scheme.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86846 </DOCNO>
Dynamical instability of new-born neutron stars as sources of


  The dynamical instability of new-born neutron stars is studied by evolving
the linearized hydrodynamical equations. The neutron stars considered in this
paper are those produced by the accretion induced collapse of rigidly rotating
white dwarfs. A dynamical bar-mode (m=2) instability is observed when the ratio
of rotational kinetic energy to gravitational potential energy $\beta$ of the
neutron star is greater than the critical value $\beta_d \approx 0.25$. This
bar-mode instability leads to the emission of gravitational radiation that
could be detected by gravitational wave detectors. However, these sources are
unlikely to be detected by LIGO II interferometers if the event rate is less
than $10^{-6}$ per year per galaxy. Nevertheless, if a significant fraction of
the pre-supernova cores are rapidly rotating, there would be a substantial
number of neutron stars produced by the core collapse undergoing bar-mode
instability. This would greatly increase the chance of detecting the
gravitational radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148977 </DOCNO>
N-fold Supersymmetry in Quantum Mechanics - General Formalism -


  We report general properties of N-fold supersymmetry in one-dimensional
quantum mechanics. N-fold supersymmetry is characterized by supercharges which
are N-th polynomials of momentum. Relations between the anti-commutator of the
supercharges and the Hamiltonian, the spectra, the Witten index, the
non-renormalization theorems and the quasi-solvability are examined. We also
present further investigation about a particular class of N-fold supersymmetric
models which we dubbed type A. Algebraic equations which determine a part of
spectra of type A models are presented, and the non-renormalization theorem are
generalized. Finally, we present a possible generalization of N-fold
supersymmetry in multi-dimensional quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5686 </DOCNO>
Multifractal properties of resistor diode percolation


  Focusing on multifractal properties we investigate electric transport on
random resistor diode networks at the phase transition between the
non-percolating and the directed percolating phase. Building on first
principles such as symmetries and relevance we derive a field theoretic
Hamiltonian. Based on this Hamiltonian we determine the multifractal moments of
the current distribution that are governed by a family of critical exponents
$\{\psi_l \}$. We calculate the family $\{\psi_l \}$ to two-loop order in a
diagrammatic perturbation calculation augmented by renormalization group
methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96329 </DOCNO>
Symmetry group analysis of weak solutions


  Methods of Lie group analysis of differential equations are extended to weak
solutions of (linear and nonlinear) PDEs, where the term ``weak solution''
comprises the following settings:
  (a) Distributional solutions. (b) Solutions in generalized function algebras.
(c) Solutions in the sense of association (corresponding to a number of weak or
integral solution concepts in classical analysis).
  Factorization properties and infinitesimal criteria are developed that allow
to treat all three settings simultaneously, thereby unifying and extending
previous work in this area.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75046 </DOCNO>
Two-photon final states in peripheral heavy ion collisions


  We discuss processes leading to two photon final states in peripheral heavy
ion collisions at RHIC. Due to the large photon luminosity we show that the
continuum subprocess $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma \gamma$ can be observed with a
large number of events. We study this reaction when it is intermediated by a
resonance made of quarks or gluons and discuss its interplay with the continuum
process, verifying that in several cases the resonant process ovewhelms the
continuum one. It is also investigated the possibility of observing a scalar
resonance (the $\sigma$ meson) in this process. Assuming for the $\sigma$ the
mass and total decay width values recently reported by the E791 Collaboration
we show that RHIC may detect this particle in its two photon decay mode if its
partial photonic decay width is of the order of the ones discussed in the
literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98940 </DOCNO>
Nonvanishing of External Products for Higher Chow Groups


  Consider an external product of a higher cycle and a usual cycle which is
algebraically equivalent to zero. Assume there exists an algebraically closed
subfield k such that the higher cycle and its ambient variety are defined over
k, but the image of the usual cycle by the Abel-Jacobi map is not. Then we
prove that the external product is nonzero if the image of the higher cycle by
the cycle map to the reduced Deligne cohomology does not vanish.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 155 </DOCNO>
Percolation Threshold, Fisher Exponent, and Shortest Path Exponent for 4


  We develop a method of constructing percolation clusters that allows us to
build very large clusters using very little computer memory by limiting the
maximum number of sites for which we maintain state information to a number of
the order of the number of sites in the largest chemical shell of the cluster
being created. The memory required to grow a cluster of mass s is of the order
of $s^\theta$ bytes where $\theta$ ranges from 0.4 for 2-dimensional lattices
to 0.5 for 6- (or higher)-dimensional lattices. We use this method to estimate
$d_{\scriptsize min}$, the exponent relating the minimum path $\ell$ to the
Euclidean distance r, for 4D and 5D hypercubic lattices. Analyzing both site
and bond percolation, we find $d_{\scriptsize min}=1.607\pm 0.005$ (4D) and
$d_{\scriptsize min}=1.812\pm 0.006$ (5D). In order to determine
$d_{\scriptsize min}$ to high precision, and without bias, it was necessary to
first find precise values for the percolation threshold, $p_c$:
$p_c=0.196889\pm 0.000003$ (4D) and $p_c=0.14081\pm 0.00001$ (5D) for site and
$p_c=0.160130\pm 0.000003$ (4D) and $p_c=0.118174\pm 0.000004$ (5D) for bond
percolation. We also calculate the Fisher exponent, $\tau$, determined in the
course of calculating the values of $p_c$: $\tau=2.313\pm 0.003$ (4D) and
$\tau=2.412\pm 0.004$ (5D).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1539 </DOCNO>
Maximizing Entropy by Minimizing Area: Towards a New Principle of


  We propose a heuristic explanation for the numerous non-close-packed crystal
structures observed in various colloidal systems. By developing an analogy
between soap froths and the soft coronas of fuzzy colloids, we provide a
geometrical interpretation of the free energy of soft spheres. Within this
picture, we show that the close-packing rule associated with hard-core
interaction and positional entropy of particles is frustrated by a minimum-area
principle associated with the soft tail and internal entropy of the soft
coronas. We also discuss these ideas in terms of crystal architecture and pair
distribution functions and analyze the phase diagram of a model
hard-sphere--square-shoulder system within the cellular theory. We find that
the A15 lattice, known to be area minimizing, is favored for a reasonable range
of model parameters and so it is among the possible equilibrium states for a
variety of colloidal systems. We also show that in the case of short-range
convex potentials the A15 and other non-close-packed lattices coexist over a
broad ranges of densities, which could make their identification difficult.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1357 </DOCNO>
Proportion of frozen local polarization in relaxor ferroelectrics


  A Landau-type phenomenological cluster theory was presented to model the
freezing process of local polarization in relaxors. Based on the theory, the
proportion of frozen polarization in Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3}$)O$_3$-PbTiO$_3$
(PMNT) was calculated from the experiment of dielectric nonlinearity. The local
polarization was shown to freeze continuously in a cooling process. The amount
of frozen polarization increases with increasing the measuring frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86397 </DOCNO>
The intrinsic derivative and centrifugal forces in general relativity:


  Everyday experience with centrifugal forces has always guided thinking on the
close relationship between gravitational forces and accelerated systems of
reference. Once spatial gravitational forces and accelerations are introduced
into general relativity through a splitting of spacetime into space-plus-time
associated with a family of test observers, one may further split the local
rest space of those observers with respect to the direction of relative motion
of a test particle world line in order to define longitudinal and transverse
accelerations as well. The intrinsic covariant derivative (induced connection)
along such a world line is the appropriate mathematical tool to analyze this
problem, and by modifying this operator to correspond to the observer
measurements, one understands more clearly the work of Abramowicz et al who
define an ``optical centrifugal force'' in static axisymmetric spacetimes and
attempt to generalize it and other inertial forces to arbitrary spacetimes. In
a companion article the application of this framework to some familiar
stationary axisymmetric spacetimes helps give a more intuitive picture of their
rotational features including spin precession effects, and puts related work of
de Felice and others on circular orbits in black hole spacetimes into a more
general context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123807 </DOCNO>
Cosmological History of Stars and Metals


  We study the evolution of stellar content and the chemical enrichment of the
universe averaged over the whole population of galaxies by means of a series of
chemo-spectrophotometric models that take into account the metallicity and dust
obscuration effects. We investigate various classes of cosmic star formation
rates (CSFR) histories consistent with current estimations. We are able to
reproduce a variety of observational constraints such as the emissivities at
rest-frame 0.44, 25, 60 and 100 $\mu$m of the local universe and also the
overall shape of the extragalactic background light from UV/NIR galaxy counts
and the cosmic infrared background (CIB) from DIRBE/FIRAS measurements. We find
that the CIB at 140 $\mu$m is crucial for discriminating between the CSFR
histories. The best-fit model to this constraint seems to favour mid-infrared
derived CSFR at low-$z$ and a flat CSFR at higher $z$ consistent with the most
recent estimations, although the shape of the CSFR at high redshifts has little
impact on the FIR/submm part of extragalactic background. We suggest that the
bulk of the CIB energy is produced by a population of moderately obscured
normal galaxies lying at $0\le z \le 1$. We then derive the global chemical
enrichment and stellar content of the universe and find that this model
predicts metallicities in good agreement with the metallicity in DLAs given
that some outflow of metal-enriched gas from galaxies is assumed, but it
overproduces the current present-day stellar mass density and NIR luminosity
density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5106 </DOCNO>
Single and double slit scattering of wave packets


  The scattering of wave packets from a single slit and a double slit with the
Schr\"odinger equation, is studied numerically and theoretically.
  The phenomenon of diffraction of wave packets in space and time in the
backward region, previously found for barriers and wells, is encountered here
also.
  A new phenomenon of forward diffraction that occurs only for packets thiner
than the slit, or slits, is calculated numerically as well as, in a theoretical
approximation to the problem. This diffraction occurs at the opposite end of
the usual diffraction phenomena with monochromatic waves.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125362 </DOCNO>
A Continuum Description of Rarefied Gas Dynamics (III)--- The Structures


  We use the one-dimensional steady version of the equations derived in paper I
to compute the structure of shock waves. The agreement with experiment is good,
especially when we retain the experimental value of the Prandtl number adopted
in II.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98275 </DOCNO>
An Application of Expanders to $B(H) \otimes B(H)$


  With the help of Kirchberg's and Selberg's theorems, we prove that the
minimal tensor product of $B(H)$ with itself does not have the WEP (weak
expectation property) of Lance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148943 </DOCNO>
Comments on fluxes and Chern numbers in non-commutative gauge theories


  Withdrawn by the authors

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169219 </DOCNO>
Power-Law Energy Splitting Generated By Tunneling Between Non-smooth


  We discuss the energy level splitting $\Delta\epsilon$ due to quantum
tunneling between congruent tori in phase space. In analytic cases, it is well
known that $\Delta\epsilon$ decays faster than power of $\hbar$ in the
semi-classical limit. This is not true in non-smooth cases, specifically, when
the tori are connected by line on which the Hamiltonian is not smooth. Under
the assumption that the non-smoothness depends only upon the x- or
p-coordinate, the leading term in the semi-classical expansion of
$\Delta\epsilon$ is derived, which shows that $\Delta \epsilon$ decays as
$\hbar^{k+1}$ when $\hbar\to 0$ with k being the order of non-smoothness.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167992 </DOCNO>
Relativistic precession of quantum elliptical states in the Coulomb


  A special relativistic perturbation to non-relativistic quantum mechanics is
shown to lead to the special relativistic prediction for the rate of precession
for quantum states in the Coulomb potential. This behavior is shown using SO(4)
coherent states as examples. These states are localized on Kepler ellipses and
precess in the presence of a relativistic perturbation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2475 </DOCNO>
Hierarchies of Spin Models related to Calogero-Moser Models


  The universal formulation of spin exchange models related to Calogero-Moser
models implies the existence of integrable hierarchies, which have not been
explored. We show the general structures and features of the spin exchange
model hierarchies by taking as examples the well-known Heisenberg spin chain
with the nearest neighbour interactions. The energy spectra of the second
member of the hierarchy belonging to the models based on the $A_r$ root systems
$(r=3,4,5)$ are explicitly and {\em exactly} evaluated. They show many many
interesting features and in particular, much higher degree of degeneracy than
the original Heisenberg model, as expected from the integrability.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174621 </DOCNO>
Subthreshold rho-0 Photoproduction on 2H, 3He and 12C


  The rho-0 has been photoproduced using tagged photon energies in the 700-1120
MeV region on 2H, 3He and 12C by utilizing the Fermi momentum of the bound
nucleons to produce the rho-0. These energies lie mostly below the production
threshold on the free proton. Large mass modifications are indicated from the
analysis, together with large polarizations of the produced rho-0 mesons with
helicity zero, unlike the case of coherent rho-0 production on nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149484 </DOCNO>
A 2 Loop 2PPI Analysis of $\lambda\phi^4$ at Finite Temperature


  We calculate the finite temperature effective potential of $\lambda\phi^4$ at
the two loop order of the 2PPI expansion. This expansion contains all diagrams
which remain connected when two lines meeting at the same point are cut and
therefore sums systematically the bubble graphs. At one loop in the 2PPI
expansion, the symmetry restoring phase transition is first order. At two
loops, we find a second order phase transition with mean field critical
exponents.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84045 </DOCNO>
Gradient-based Reinforcement Planning in Policy-Search Methods


  We introduce a learning method called ``gradient-based reinforcement
planning'' (GREP). Unlike traditional DP methods that improve their policy
backwards in time, GREP is a gradient-based method that plans ahead and
improves its policy before it actually acts in the environment. We derive
formulas for the exact policy gradient that maximizes the expected future
reward and confirm our ideas with numerical experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169544 </DOCNO>
Fetching marked items from an unsorted database in NMR ensemble


  Searching a marked item or several marked items from an unsorted database is
a very difficult mathematical problem. Using classical computer, it requires
$O(N=2^n)$ steps to find the target. Using a quantum computer, Grover's
algorithm uses $O(\sqrt{N=2^n})$ steps. In NMR ensemble computing,
Brushweiler's algorithm uses $\log N$ steps. In this Letter, we propose an
algorithm that fetches marked items in an unsorted database directly. It
requires only a single query. It can find a single marked item or multiple
number of items.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126455 </DOCNO>
Formation of Spheroidal Galaxies: The Sub-MM View


  The intensity of the Cosmic Far-IR Background and the strong evolution of
galaxies in the far-IR to mm wavelength range demonstrate that the bulk of
starlight emitted during the early phases of galaxy evolution was reprocessed
by dust. Therefore, the optical view of the galaxy formation process is highly
incomplete and biased, and must be complemented with far-IR/sub-mm
observations. We review the impact of sub-mm surveys on our understanding of
the evolutionary history of spheroidal galaxies. A recent model, bringing into
play also the inter-relationships between formation and early evolution of
spheroidal galaxies and quasars, is described and some implications are
outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124641 </DOCNO>
Search for low-mass PMS companions around X-ray selected late B stars


  We have observed 49 X-ray detected bright late B-type dwarfs to search for
close low-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) companions using the European Southern
Observatory's ADONIS (Adaptive Optics Near Infrared System) instrument. We
announce the discovery of 21 new companions in 9 binaries, 5 triple, 4
quadruple system and 1 system consisting of five stars. The detected new
companions have K magnitudes between 6.5 mag and 17.3 mag. and angular
separations ranging from 0.2 and 14.1 arcsec (18-2358 AU).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114037 </DOCNO>
Quasi-optimal observables: Attaining the quality of maximal likelihood


  A new method of quasi-optimal observables allows one to approach the quality
of data processing usually associated with the method of maximal likelihood
within the simpler algorithmic context of generalized moments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150241 </DOCNO>
Symplectic embedding and Hamilton-Jacobi analysis of Proca model


  Following the symplectic approach we show how to embed the Abelian Proca
model into a first-class system by extending the configuration space to include
an additional pair of scalar fields, and compare it with the improved Dirac
scheme. We obtain in this way the desired Wess-Zumino and gauge fixing terms of
BRST invariant Lagrangian. Furthermore, the integrability properties of the
second-class system described by the Abelian Proca model are investigated using
the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism, where we construct the closed Lie algebra by
introducing operators associated with the generalized Poisson brackets.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2130 </DOCNO>
Electron Transport in Diborides: Observation of Superconductivity in


  We report on syntheses and electron transport properties of polycrystalline
samples of diborides (AB2) with different transition metals atoms (A=Zr,Nb,Ta).
The temperature dependence of resistivity, \rho(T), and ac susceptibility of
these samples reveal superconducting transition of ZrB2 with Tc=5.5 K, while
NbB2 and TaB2 have been observed nonsuperconducting up to 0.37 K. Hc2(T) is
linear in temperature below Tc, leading to a rather low Hc2(0)= 0.1 T. At T
close to Tc, Hc2(T) demonstrates a downward curvature. We conclude that these
diborides as well as MgB2 samples behaves like a simple metals in the normal
state with usual Bloch-Gr\"uneisen temperature dependence of resistivity and
with Debye temperatures: 280 K, 460 K and 440 K, for ZrB2, NbB2 and MgB2,
respectively, rather than T^2 and T^3 as previously reported for MgB2.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148957 </DOCNO>
Prelogarithmic operators and Jordan blocks in SL(2)_k affine algebra


  The free field description of logarithmic and prelogarithmic operators in non
compact Wess-Zumino-Witten model is analysed. We study the structure of the
Jordan blocks of the SL(2)_k affine algebra and the role of the puncture
operator in the theory in relation with the unitarity bound.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179484 </DOCNO>
Relativistic Thomas-Fermi description of Sm isotopes at finite


  The caloric curve (excitation energy per particle as a function of
temperature) for finite nuclei is calculated within the non-linear Walecka
model for different proton fractions and different parameterizations. The
results obtained are compared with published experimental data and other
theoretical results. Other properties related with the droplet formation as the
surface energy, neutron skin thickness and binding energy per nucleon are also
displayed as a function of temperature and their behaviours are discussed. It
is shown that the caloric curve is sensitive to the proton fraction and to the
Coulomb interaction. At T=0 the droplet properties do not depend on the
parameterization used. At finite temperature however, the sensitivity appears.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73797 </DOCNO>
Higgs: KeV precision and CP violation


  The prospects for a muon collider operated as a Higgs factory are reviewed.
The large muon mass means that the s-channel Higgs production mechanism is
available, and simultaneously suppresses bremsstrahlung so that the beam energy
spread can be kept to the MeV level required to exploit this. Thus this is the
only machine which can make a direct scan over the Higgs resonance, and make an
extraordinary mass measurement. Further possibilities such as a scan of the H
and A of supersymmetry and CP violation are also mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4045 </DOCNO>
Spatially Anisotropic Four-Dimensional Gauge Interactions, Planar


  We consider magnetic catalysis in a field-theoretic system of
(3+1)-dimensional Dirac fermions with anisotropic kinetic term. By placing the
system in a strong external magnetic field, we examine magnetically-induced
fermion mass generation. When the coupling anisotropy is strong, in which case
the fermions effectively localize on the plane, we find a significant
enhancement of the induced mass gap compared to the isotropic four-dimensional
case of quantum electrodynamics. As expected on purely dimensional grounds, the
mass and critical temperature scale with the square root of the magnetic field.
This phenomenon might be related to recent experimental findings on
magnetically-induced gaps at the nodes of d-wave superconducting gaps in
high-temperature cuprates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75327 </DOCNO>
Chiral Pertuabtion in the Hidden Local Symmetry and Fate of Vector


  In this talk I summarize our recent work on the vector dominance in QCD by
using the the hidden local symmetry as an effective field theory of QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168108 </DOCNO>
Faint laser quantum key distribution: Eavesdropping exploiting


  The technological possibilities of a realistic eavesdropper are discussed.
Two eavesdropping strategies taking profit of multiphoton pulses in faint laser
QKD are presented. We conclude that, as long as storage of Qubits is
technically impossible, faint laser QKD is not limited by this security issue,
but mostly by the detector noise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129172 </DOCNO>
The Silent Majority - Jets and Radio Cores from Low-Luminosity Black


  They are weak, they are small, and they are often overlooked, but they are
numerous and an ubiquitous sign of accreting black holes: compact radio cores
and jets in low-power AGN. Here I summarize our work concerning these radio
cores and jets in recent years, specifically focusing on the large population
of low-luminosity AGN. Special attention is also given to Sgr A*, the
supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Center, whose radio
properties are reviewed in more detail. This source exhibits a submm-bump,
possibly from an ultra-compact region around the black hole which should allow
imaging of the event horizon of the black hole in the not too distant future. A
jet model is proposed which explains the basic feature of Sgr A*: its slightly
inverted radio spectrum, the submm-bump, the lack of extended emission, and the
X-ray emission. This model also works for famous sources like M81*, NGC4258, or
GRS1915+105 based on the argument that radio cores are jets whose emission can
be scaled with the accretion power over many orders of magnitude. This scaling
is corroborated by the detection of many Sgr A*-like radio cores in nearby
Low-Luminosity AGN (LLAGN), some of which show jet structures on the VLBI (Very
Long Baseline Interferometry) scale. These cores confirm an AGN origin of about
half of the known low-luminosity AGN classified as LINERs and dwarf-Seyferts.
It is argued that in fact most of the compact radio emission at centimeter
waves in LLAGN is produced by a compact radio jet and not an Advection
Dominated Accretion Flow (ADAF). In general one can say that compact radio
cores are a genuine feature of AGN, allowing one to precisely pinpoint black
holes in many galaxies - not only in luminous quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124001 </DOCNO>
Ionized Iron Lines in X-ray Reflection Spectra


  We present results from new calculations of the X-ray reflection spectrum
from ionized accretion discs. These computations improve on our previous models
by including the condition of hydrostatic balance in the vertical direction,
following the work of Nayakshin, Kazanas & Kallman. We find that an ionized Fe
K$\alpha$ line is prominent in the reflection spectra for a wide variety of
physical conditions. The results hold for both gas and radiation pressure
dominated discs and when the metal abundances have been varied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96825 </DOCNO>
The Hilbert Series of Pfaffian Rings


  We give three determinantal expressions for the Hilbert series as well as the
Hilbert function of a Pfaffian ring, and a closed form product formula for its
multiplicity. An appendix outlining some basic facts about degeneracy loci and
applications to multiplicity formulae for Pfaffian rings is also included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124317 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength observations revealing the outbursts of the two soft


  We report here on multiwavelength observations of the two new soft X-ray
transients (SXTs) XTE J1859+226 and XTE J1118+480, which we observed with
HST/RXTE/UKIRT. For XTE J1118+480 we also used EUVE since it is located at a
very high galactic latitude and suffers from very low extinction. The two
sources exhibited very different behaviour. XTE J1859+226 seems quite normal
and therefore a good object for testing the accretion mechanisms in place
during the outbursts, XTE J1118+480 is much more unusual because it exhibits i)
a low X-ray to optical ratio and ii) a strong non-thermal contribution in the
radio to optical domain, which is likely to be due to synchrotron emission. We
concentrate here on the near-infrared (NIR) and optical observations of these
two systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123439 </DOCNO>
Galactic nuclear activity induced by globular cluster merging


  The interpretation of the difference observed between the radial distribution
of globular clusters and that of halo-bulge stars in elliptical galaxies is
discussed in terms of evolution of their globular cluster systems. I present a
short summary of the evidence that dynamical evolution of globular cluster
systems is not only able to explain the flattening of their distribution toward
the galactic center, but also it may have played an important role on the
primordial activity of the parent galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148532 </DOCNO>
Exact anisotropic brane cosmologies


  We present exact solutions of the gravitational field equations in the
generalized Randall-Sundrum model for an anisotropic brane with Bianchi type I
and V geometry, with perfect fluid and scalar fields as matter sources. Under
the assumption of a conformally flat bulk (with vanishing Weyl tensor) for a
cosmological fluid obeying a linear barotropic equation of state the general
solution of the field equations can be expressed in an exact parametric form
for both Bianchi type I and V space-times. In the limiting case of a stiff
cosmological fluid with pressure equal to the energy density, for a Bianchi
type I Universe the solution of the field equations are obtained in an exact
analytic form. Several classes of scalar field models evolution on the brane
are also considered, corresponding to different choices of the scalar field
potential. For all models the behavior of the observationally important
parameters like shear, anisotropy and deceleration parameter is considered in
detail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123576 </DOCNO>
A Survey for Large Separation Lensed FIRST Quasars


  Little is known about the statistics of gravitationally lensed quasars at
large (7''-30'') image separations, which probe masses on the scale of galaxy
clusters. We have carried out a survey for gravitationally-lensed objects,
among sources in the FIRST 20cm radio survey that have unresolved optical
counterparts in the digitizations of the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey. From
the statistics of ongoing surveys that search for quasars among FIRST sources,
we estimate that there are about 9100 quasars in this source sample, making
this one of the largest lensing surveys to date. Using broad-band imaging, we
have isolated all objects with double radio components separated by 5''-30'',
that have unresolved optical counterparts with similar BVI colours. Our
criteria for similar colours conservatively allow for observational error and
for colour variations due to time delays between lensed images. Spectroscopy of
these candidates shows that none of the pairs are lensed quasars. This sets an
upper limit (95% confidence) on the lensing fraction in this survey of
3.3x10^-4, assuming 9100 quasars. Although the source redshift distribution is
poorly known, a rough calculation of the expected lensing frequency and the
detection efficiencies and biases suggests that simple theoretical expectations
are of the same order of magnitude as our observational upper limit. Our
procedure is novel in that our exhaustive search for lensed objects does not
require prior identification of the quasars in the sample as such.
Characterization of the FIRST-selected quasar population will enable using our
result to constrain quantitatively the mass properties of clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2091 </DOCNO>
The "devil's staircase" type phase transition in NaV2O5 under high


  The "devil's staircase" type phase transition in the quarter-filled
spin-ladder compound NaV2O5 has been discovered at low temperature and high
pressure by synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction. A large number of
transitions are found to successively take place among higher-order
commensurate phases with 2a * 2b * zc type superstructures. The observed
temperature and pressure dependence of modulation wave number qc, defined by
1/z, is well reproduced by the Axial Next Nearest Neighbor Ising (ANNNI) model.
The qc is suggested to reflect atomic displacements coupled with charge
ordering in this system. The experimental fact implies that two competitive
inter-layer interactions between the Ising spins, i.e., the nearest neighbor
J1>0 (ferro) and the next nearest neighbor J2<0 (antiferro) along the c-axis,
are intrinsic in this compound. A microscopic origin of the inter-layer
interaction is not yet known; however, the nearest neighbor interaction J1>0
between the V2O5 layers is especially interesting. It is very surprising that
the phase transition of such a complicated charge-lattice-spin coupled system
NaV2O5 can be described by the simple ANNNI model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76616 </DOCNO>
D-term challenges for supersymmetric gauged abelian flavor symmetries


  Attention is called to potentially dangerous lepton-flavor violation (LFV)
induced by the D-terms of additional U(1) flavor-dependent gauge symmetries in
supersymmetric models. In such models, LFV persists despite an arbitrarily high
scale for the U(1) breaking and despite arbitrarily small gauge couplings. In
light of recent experimental observations of neutrino oscillations, these
models are highly motivated experimentally and theoretically. Taking into
account also the recent measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment,
strong bounds are calculated for the magnitude of the D-term-induced LFV. Using
current data we find that the slepton mass-mixing parameter (m_{\tilde
l_L}^2)_{12}/m_{\tilde l_L}^2 is required to be less than O(10^{-4}) -- a value
perhaps already too low compared to expectations. Near future probes will
increase sensitivity to 10^{-6}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74738 </DOCNO>
Numerical Evaluation of Harmonic Polylogarithms


  Harmonic polylogarithms $\H(\vec{a};x)$, a generalization of Nielsen's
polylogarithms ${S}_{n,p}(x)$, appear frequently in analytic calculations of
radiative corrections in quantum field theory. We present an algorithm for the
numerical evaluation of harmonic polylogarithms of arbitrary real argument.
This algorithm is implemented into a {\tt FORTRAN} subroutine {\tt hplog} to
compute harmonic polylogarithms up to weight 4.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1553 </DOCNO>
Antiferromagnetism of the Hubbard Model on a Layered Honeycomb Lattice -


  As a model for the B 2pz bands of MgB$_2$, a half-filled Hubbard model on a
honeycomb lattice is studied, and a possibility of an antiferromagnetism (AF)
at the ground state is examined by Monte Carlo calculations as well as a random
phase approximation method. On a single-layer honeycomb lattice, a paramagnetic
to AF phase transition occurs at a finite value of the repulsion energy $U_c/t
\simeq 3.6$, due to the loss of the density of states at the fermi level. On a
layered honeycomb lattice, however, inter-layer hopping term creates a perfect
nesting of the fermi surface, and leads the AF with $U_c=0$. From these facts,
we discuss that MgB$_2$ is possibly a nearly-AF metal, where the AF of the 2pz
bands is destroyed by carrier doping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113566 </DOCNO>
BGK Electron Solitary Waves Reexamined


  This paper reexamines the physical roles of trapped and passing electrons in
electron Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal (BGK) solitary waves, also called the BGK
phase space electron holes (EH). It is shown that the charge density variation
in the vicinity of the solitary potential is a net balance of the negative
charge from trapped electrons and positive charge due to the decrease of the
passing electron density. A BGK EH consists of electron density enhancements as
well as a density depletion, instead of only the density depletion as
previously thought. The shielding of the positive core is not a thermal
screening by the ambient plasma, but achieved by trapped electrons oscillating
inside the potential energy trough. The total charge of a BGK EH is therefore
zero. Two separated EHs do not interact and the concept of negative mass is not
needed. These features are independent of the strength of the nonlinearity. BGK
EHs do not require thermal screening, and their size is thus not restricted to
be greater than the Debye length $\lambda_D$. Our analysis predicts that BGK
EHs smaller than $\lambda_D$ can exist. A width($\delta$)-amplitude($\psi$)
relation of an inequality form is obtained for BGK EHs in general. For
empty-centered EHs with potential amplitude $\gg 1$, we show that the
width-amplitude relation of the form $\delta\propto\sqrt{\psi}$ is common to
bell-shaped potentials. For $\psi\ll 1$, the width approaches zero faster than
$\sqrt{\psi}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124404 </DOCNO>
Constraints on high energy phenomena from low energy nuclear physics


  A procedure to derive bounds on coupling strengths of exotic particles to
nucleons from the neutrino signal of supernovae is outlined. The analysis is
based on a model independent calculation for the emissivities for the exotic,
detailed simulation for the evolution of the early proto-neutron star as well
as a Likelihood analysis. As an example we derive confidence levels for the
upper bound of the size of gravity only extra dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7361 </DOCNO>
Rayleigh loops in the random-field Ising model on the Bethe lattice


  We analyze the demagnetization properties of the random-field Ising model on
the Bethe lattice focusing on the beahvior near the disorder induced phase
transition. We derive an exact recursion relation for the magnetization and
integrate it numerically. Our analysis shows that demagnetization is possible
only in the continous high disorder phase, where at low field the loops are
described by the Rayleigh law. In the low disorder phase, the saturation loop
displays a discontinuity which is reflected by a non vanishing magnetization
m_\infty after a series of nested loops. In this case, at low fields the loops
are not symmetric and the Rayleigh law does not hold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113577 </DOCNO>
Designer Gene Networks: Towards Fundamental Cellular Control


  The engineered control of cellular function through the design of synthetic
genetic networks is becoming plausible. Here we show how a naturally occurring
network can be used as a parts list for artificial network design, and how
model formulation leads to computational and analytical approaches relevant to
nonlinear dynamics and statistical physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123838 </DOCNO>
S17(0) Determined from the Coulomb Breakup of 83 MeV/nucleon 8B


  A kinematically complete measurement was made of the Coulomb dissociation of
8B nuclei on a Pb target at 83 MeV/nucleon. The cross section was measured at
low relative energies in order to infer the astrophysical S factor for the
7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction. A first-order perturbation theory analysis of the
reaction dynamics including E1, E2, and M1 transitions was employed to extract
the E1 strength relevant to neutrino-producing reactions in the solar interior.
By fitting the measured cross section from Erel = 130 keV to 400 keV, we find
S17(0) = 17.8 (+1.4, -1.2) eV b.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2031 </DOCNO>
Dynamical local field, compressibility and frequency sum rules for


  The finite temperature dynamical response function including dynamical local
field is derived for a quasiparticle picture in interacting one-, two- and
three dimensional Fermi systems. The correlations are assumed to be given by a
density dependent effective mass, quasiparticle energy shift and relaxation
time. The latter one describes disorder or collisional effects. This
parameterization of correlations includes local density functionals as a
special case and is therefore applicable for density functional theories. With
a single static local field, the third order frequency sum rule can be
fulfilled simultaneously with the compressibility sum rule by relating the
effective mass and quasiparticle energy shift to the structure function or pair
correlation function. Consequently, solely local density functionals without
taking into account effective masses fail to fulfill both sum rules
simultaneously for the static local field. The comparison to the Monte-Carlo
data seems to support this quasiparticle picture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1227 </DOCNO>
Dynamical turbulent flow on the Galton board with friction and magnetic


  We study numerically and analytically the dynamics of charged particles on
the Galton board, a regular lattice of disc scatters, in the presence of
constant external force, magnetic field and friction. It is shown that under
certain conditions friction leads to the appearance of a strange chaotic
attractor. In this regime the average velocity and direction of particle flow
can be effectively affected by electric and magnetic fields. We discuss the
applications of these results to the charge transport in antidot superlattices
and stream of suspended particles in a viscous flow through scatters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5198 </DOCNO>
Spin blockade in many-electron ground state resonances of a quantum dot


  We present measurements on spin blockade in a laterally integrated quantum
dot. The dot is tuned into the regime of strong Coulomb blockade, confining
$\sim 50$ electrons. At certain spin states we find an additional mechanism
suppressing electron transport, which we identify as spin blockade at zero
bias. We verify this by probing the bias, magnetic field and temperature
dependence. Weak violation of this blockade is modelled by detailed
calculations of non-linear transport taking into account forbidden spin
transitions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129417 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy of the M87 Jet and Nucleus


  We report X-ray imaging - spectroscopy of the jet of M87 at sub arc second
resolution with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The galaxy nucleus and all the
knots seen at radio and optical wavelengths, as far from the nucleus as knot C,
are detected in the X-ray observations. There is a strong trend for the ratio
of X-ray to radio, or optical, flux to decline with increasing distance from
the nucleus. At least three knots are displaced from their radio/optical
counterparts, being tens of pc closer to the nucleus at X-ray than at radio or
optical wavelengths. The X-ray spectra of the nucleus and knots are well
described by power laws absorbed by cold gas, with only the unresolved nucleus
exhibiting intrinsic absorption. In view of the similar spectra of the nucleus
and jet knots, and the high X-ray flux of the knots closest to the nucleus, we
suggest that the X-ray emission coincident with the nucleus may actually
originate from the pc - or sub-pc - scale jet rather than the accretion disk.
  Arguments are given that the X-ray emission process is unlikely to be inverse
Compton scattering. Instead, we favor synchrotron radiation. Plotted as
$\nu$S$_{\rm \nu}$, the spectra of the knots generally peak in or just above
the optical - near infrared band. However, the overall spectra of at least
three knots cannot be described by simple models in which the spectral index
monotonically increases with frequency, as would result from synchrotron losses
or a high energy cut-off to the injected electron spectrum. Instead, these
spectra must turn down just above the optical band and then flatten in the
X-ray band. (Abstract truncated)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73598 </DOCNO>
On the fourth P_11 resonance predicted by the constituent quark model


  We point out a distinguishing difference between constituent quark models
based on one-gluon exchange and one-boson exchange dynamics. In the latter one,
the P_11 nucleon resonance with predominantly symmetrical spatial wave function
in the N=4 band gets strongly attracted such that it drops below some states in
the N=2 band. Calculations of strong decay widths are presented in order to
establish an identification with experimental states. Our results are relevant
for the interpretation of the fourth P_11 resonance that was found in the
partial wave analysis of the Zagreb group and recently discussed by Capstick
et. al. in the framework of a model based on one-gluon exchange.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83935 </DOCNO>
Mixed-Initiative Interaction = Mixed Computation


  We show that partial evaluation can be usefully viewed as a programming model
for realizing mixed-initiative functionality in interactive applications.
Mixed-initiative interaction between two participants is one where the parties
can take turns at any time to change and steer the flow of interaction. We
concentrate on the facet of mixed-initiative referred to as `unsolicited
reporting' and demonstrate how out-of-turn interactions by users can be modeled
by `jumping ahead' to nested dialogs (via partial evaluation). Our approach
permits the view of dialog management systems in terms of their native support
for staging and simplifying interactions; we characterize three different
voice-based interaction technologies using this viewpoint. In particular, we
show that the built-in form interpretation algorithm (FIA) in the VoiceXML
dialog management architecture is actually a (well disguised) combination of an
interpreter and a partial evaluator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7148 </DOCNO>
Whither Correlated Electron Theory?


  This is the text of the 'Theory' opening talk at the 2001 Strongly Correlated
Electron Systems conference. It contains opinions about some of the outstanding
scientific challenges facing the theory side of the correlated electrons field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123500 </DOCNO>
On The Non Thermal Emission and Acceleration of Electrons in Coma and


  Some clusters of galaxies in addition to thermal bremsstrahlung (TB), emit
diffuse radiation from the intercluster medium (ICM) at radio, EUV and hard
x-ray (HXR) ranges. The radio radiation is due to synchrotron by relativistic
electrons, and the inverse Compton (IC) scattering by the cosmic microwave
background radiation of the same electrons is the most natural source for the
HXR and perhaps the EUV emissions. However, simple estimates give a weaker
magnetic field than that suggested by Faraday rotation measurements.
Consequently, non-thermal bremsstrahlung (NTB) and TB have also been suggested
as sources of these emissions. We show that NTB cannot be the source of the
HXRs and that the difficulty with the low magnetic field in the IC model is
alleviated if we take into account the effects of observational bias,
nonisotropic pitch angle distribution and spectral breaks. We derive a spectrum
for the radiating electrons and discuss acceleration scenarios. We show that
continuous and in situ acceleration in the ICM of the background thermal
electrons requires unreasonably high energy input and acceleration of injected
relativistic electrons gives rise to a much flatter spectrum than desired,
unless a large fraction of electrons escape the ICM, in which case one obtains
EUV and HXR emissions extending well beyond the boundaries of the cluster. A
continuous emission by a cooling spectrum resulting from interaction with ICM
of electrons accelerated elsewhere also suffers from similar shortcomings. The
most likely scenario appears to be an episodic injection-acceleration model,
whereby one obtains a time dependent spectrum that for certain phases of its
evolution satisfies all the requirements.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124592 </DOCNO>
Rayleigh Scattering and Microwave Background Fluctuations


  During the recombination epoch, cosmic background photons couple not only to
free electrons through Thompson scattering, but also to the neutral hydrogen
through Rayleigh scattering. This latter is ~2% effect for photons near the
peak of the photon energy distribution at z=800 and a ~0.2% effect at z=1100.
Including Rayleigh scattering in the calculation reduces Silk damping at fixed
redshift, alters the position of the surface of last scattering and alters the
propagation of acoustic waves. We estimate the amplitude of these effects. For
the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP), Rayleigh scattering increases the
anisotropy spectrum by 0.1% at the most. For the highest frequencies of the
Planck Surveyor, the effects of Rayleigh scattering are much more dramatic
(decreasing the anisotropy spectrum by 3% at \nu~550GHz and l~1000). The
relative difference between the spectra of low and high frequencies is imposed
by an oscillation with a function of multipole l and the oscillation amplitude
is up to 0.5% between 100 and 550GHz. Rayleigh scattering also slows the
decoupling between radiation and matter, but the effect is undetectably small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3268 </DOCNO>
Quantum Bargaining Games


  We continue the analysis of quantum-like description of markets and
economics. The approach has roots in the recently developed quantum game theory
and quantum computing. The present paper is devoted to quantum bargaining games
which are a special class of quantum market games without institutionalized
clearinghouses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179690 </DOCNO>
Eta-N Final State Interaction in incoherent Photoproduction of


  An analysis of incoherent photoproduction of $\eta$ mesons off the deuteron
for photon energies from threshold to 800 MeV is presented. The dominant
contribution, the $\gamma$N-$\eta$N amplitude, is described within an isobar
model. Effects of the final state interactions in the $NN$ as well as the
${\eta}N$ systems are included employing models derived within the
meson-exchange approach. It is found that their consideration is important.
Specifically, due to an interference effect the influence of the $\eta N$ final
state interaction is enhanced in the reaction $\gamma d \to np \eta$ close to
threshold.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83594 </DOCNO>
A Machine-Learning Approach to Estimating the Referential Properties of


  The referential properties of noun phrases in the Japanese language, which
has no articles, are useful for article generation in Japanese-English machine
translation and for anaphora resolution in Japanese noun phrases. They are
generally classified as generic noun phrases, definite noun phrases, and
indefinite noun phrases. In the previous work, referential properties were
estimated by developing rules that used clue words. If two or more rules were
in conflict with each other, the category having the maximum total score given
by the rules was selected as the desired category. The score given by each rule
was established by hand, so the manpower cost was high. In this work, we
automatically adjusted these scores by using a machine-learning method and
succeeded in reducing the amount of manpower needed to adjust these scores.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 78 </DOCNO>
Entropy Production in Driven Spatially Extended Systems


  This is a short review of the statistical mechanical definition of entropy
production for systems composed of a large number of interacting components.
Emphasis is on open systems driven away from equilibrium where the entropy
production can be identified with a logarithmic ratio of microstate
multiplicities of the original macrostate with respect to the time-reversed
state. A special role is taken by Gibbs measures for the stationary
spatio-temporal distribution of trajectories. The mean entropy production is
always non-negative and it is zero only when the system is in equilibrium. The
fluctuations of the entropy production satisfy a (Gallavotti-Cohen)symmetry
first observed and then derived for the phase space contraction rate in a class
of strongly chaotic dynamical systems. Aspects of the general framework are
illustrated via a bulk driven diffusive lattice gas.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124111 </DOCNO>
Symbiotic stars on Asiago archive plates. I


  The rich plate archive of the Asiago observatory has been searched for plates
containing the symbiotic stars AS 323, Ap 3-1, CM Aql, V1413 Aql (=AS 338),
V443 Her, V627 Cas (=AS 501) and V919 Sgr. The program objects have been found
on 602 plates, where their brightness has been estimated against the UBVRI
photometric sequences calibrated by Henden and Munari (2000, A&AS 143, 343). AS
323 is probably eclipsing, with a preliminary P=197.6 day period. If confirmed,
it would be the shortest orbital period known among symbiotic stars. CM Aql
does not seem to undergo a series of outbursts, its lightcurve being instead
modulated by a large amplitude sinusoidal variation with a P~1058 day period.
V627 Cas presents a secular trend in agreement with the possible post-AGB
nature of its cool component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148251 </DOCNO>
Advance in dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking


  Recently, a condition is derived for a nontrivial solution of the
Schwinger-Dyson equation to be accompanied by a Goldstone bound state in a
special quantum electrodynamics model. This result is extended and a new form
of the Goldstone theorem is obtained in a general quantum field theory
framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96812 </DOCNO>
Generalized Fock Spaces and New Forms of Quantum Statistics


  The recent discoveries of new forms of quantum statistics require a close
look at the under-lying Fock space structure. This exercise becomes all the
more important in order to provide a general classification scheme for various
forms of statistics, and establish interconnections among them whenever it is
possible. We formulate a theory of generalized Fock spaces, which has a three
tired structure consisting of Fock space, statistics and algebra. This general
formalism unifies various forms of statistics and algebras, which were earlier
considered to describe different systems. Besides, the formalism allows us to
construct many new kinds of quantum statistics and the associated algebras of
creation and destruction operators. Some of these are: orthostatistics, null
statistics or statistics of frozen order, quantum group based statistics and
its many avatars, and `doubly-infinite' statistics. The emergence of new forms
of quantum statistics for particles interacting with singular potential is also
highlighted.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97466 </DOCNO>
An Equivariant Liapunov Stability Test and the Energy-Momentum-Casimir


  We present an equivariant Liapunov stability criterion for dynamical systems
with symmetry. This result yields a simple proof of the energy-momentum-Casimir
stability analysis of relative equilibria of equivariant Hamiltonian systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5497 </DOCNO>
Charge Ordering in the One-Dimensional Extended Hubbard Model:


  We study the charge ordering (CO) in the one-dimensional (1D) extended
Hubbard model at quarter filling where the nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion
and dimerization in the hopping parameters are included. Using the cluster
mean-field approximation to take into account the effect of quantum
fluctuations, we determine the CO phase boundary of the model in the parameter
space at T=0 K. We thus find that the dimerization suppresses the stability of
the CO phase strongly, and in consequence, the realistic parameter values for
quasi-1D organic materials such as (TMTTF)$_2$PF$_6$ are outside the region of
CO. We suggest that the long-range Coulomb interaction between the chains
should persist to stabilize the CO phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123689 </DOCNO>
Photometric and spectroscopic study of the young open cluster NGC 1893


  We present uvby-beta CCD photometry of the field of the open cluster NGC
1893. Our photometry is deep enough to cover the complete main sequence B
spectral type. We identify ~50 very likely members of the cluster down to
spectral type B9-A0, some of which have much higher reddenings than the
average. We derive a color excess E(b-y) = 0.33+-0.03 and a dereddened distance
modulus V_0 - M_V = 13.9+-0.2. From the beta index, we identify several
candidates as emission-line stars, for which we have obtained spectroscopy.
Three of them display spectra corresponding to spectral type F, but showing
H-alpha in emission. Photometric measurements in this and previous studies
indicate strong variability. These characteristics show them to be
pre-main-sequence stars of spectral type F. We also identify two likely Herbig
Be stars. These results hint at the existence of a sizable pre-main-sequence
population in NGC 1893.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74891 </DOCNO>
Electroweak baryogenesis mediated by locally supersymmetry-breaking


  We consider the scenario of electroweak baryogenesis mediated by cosmological
defect in models of supersymmetry breaking. When the effective electroweak
breaking scale is raised in the defect configuration, the mechanism of
electroweak baryogenesis works at a higher energy scale. The baryon charge
produced by the mechanism is captured in the defect, protected from sphalerons
and then released when the defect decay.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86857 </DOCNO>
Extended hierarchical search (EHS) algorithm for detection of


  Pattern matching techniques like matched filtering will be used for online
extraction of gravitational wave signals buried inside detector noise. This
involves cross correlating the detector output with hundreds of thousands of
templates spanning a multi-dimensional parameter space, which is very expensive
computationally. A faster implementation algorithm was devised by Mohanty and
Dhurandhar [1996] using a hierarchy of templates over the mass parameters,
which speeded up the procedure by about 25 to 30 times. We show that a further
reduction in computational cost is possible if we extend the hierarchy paradigm
to an extra parameter, namely, the time of arrival of the signal. In the first
stage, the chirp waveform is cut-off at a relatively low frequency allowing the
data to be coarsely sampled leading to cost saving in performing the FFTs. This
is possible because most of the signal power is at low frequencies, and
therefore the advantage due to hierarchy over masses is not compromised.
Results are obtained for spin-less templates up to the second post-Newtonian
(2PN) order for a single detector with LIGO I noise power spectral density. We
estimate that the gain in computational cost over a flat search is about 100.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126666 </DOCNO>
Using Pulsars to Detect Massive Black Hole Binaries via Gravitational


  Pulsar timing measurements can be used to detect gravitational radiation from
massive black hole binaries. The ~106d quasi-periodic flux variations in
Sagittarius A* at radio wavelengths reported by Zhao, Bower, & Goss (2001) may
be due to binarity of the massive black hole that is presumed to be responsible
for the radio emission. A 106d equal-mass binary black hole is unlikely based
on its short inspiral lifetime and other arguments. Nevertheless the reported
quasi-periodicity has led us to consider whether the long-wavelength
gravitational waves from a conjectured binary might be detected in present or
future precision timing of millisecond pulsars. While present timing cannot
reach the level expected for an equal-mass binary, we estimate that future
efforts could. This inquiry has led us to further consider the detection of
binarity in the massive black holes now being found in nearby galaxies. For
orbital periods of ~2000d where the pulsar timing measurements are most
precise, we place upper limits on the mass ratio of binaries as small as 0.06.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128493 </DOCNO>
$^{92}$Mo($\alpha,\alpha$)$^{92}$Mo scattering,the $^{92}$Mo--$\alpha$


  The elastic scattering cross section of$^{92}$Mo($\alpha$,$\alpha$)$^{92}$Mo
has been measured at energies of $E_{\rm{c.m.}} \approx$ 13, 16, and 19 MeV in
a wide angular range. The real and imaginary parts of the optical potential for
the system $^{92}$Mo - $\alpha$ have been derived at energies around and below
the Coulomb barrier. The result fits into the systematic behavior of
$\alpha$-nucleus folding potentials. The astrophysically relevant
$^{96}$Ru($\gamma$,$\alpha$)$^{92}$Mo reaction rates at $T_9=2.0$ and $T_9=3.0$
could be determined to an accuracy of about 16 % and are compared to previously
published theoretical rates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3851 </DOCNO>
Transport in Single Channel Quantum Wires


  This tutorial article gives an introduction to the methods needed to treat
interacting electrons in a quantum wire with a single occupied band. Since
one-dimensional Fermions cannot be described in terms of noninteracting
quasiparticles, the Tomonaga-Luttinger model is presented in some detail with
an emphasis on transport properties. To achieve a self-contained presentation,
the Bosonization technique for one-dimensional Fermions is developed,
accentuating features relevant for nonequilibrium systems. The screening of an
impurity in the wire is discussed, and the insight gained on the electrostatics
of a quantum wire is used to describe the coupling to Fermi-liquid reservoirs.
These parts of the article should be readily accessible to students with a
background in quantum mechanics including second quantization. To illustrate
the usefulness of the methods presented, the current-voltage relation is
determined exactly for a spin-polarized quantum wire with a particular value
of the interaction parameter. This part requires familiarity with path integral
techniques and connects with the current literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97094 </DOCNO>
Schwarz Reflection Geometry I: Continuous Iteration of Reflection


  Differential equations are derived for a continuous limit of iterated
Schwarzian reflection of analytic curves, and solutions are interpreted as
geodesics in an infinite-dimensional symmetric space geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113872 </DOCNO>
Massless classical electrodynamics


  The motion of a massless charge without self-interaction is considered in a
given, arbitrary EM field within the framework of Maxwell electrodynamics. A
well-defined equation of motion is found which, depending on the fields,
permits superluminal speeds and time-reversals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126293 </DOCNO>
Keck Measurement of the XTE J2123-058 Radial Velocity Curve


  We measured the radial velocity curve of the companion of the neutron star
X-ray transient XTE J2123-058. Its semi-amplitude (K_2) of 298.5 +/- 6.9 km/s
is the highest value that has been measured for any neutron star LMXB. The high
value for K_2 is, in part, due to the high binary inclination of the system but
may also indicate a high neutron star mass. The mass function (f_2) of 0.684
+/- 0.047 solar masses, along with our constraints on the companion's spectral
type (K5V-K9V) and previous constraints on the inclination, gives a likely
range of neutron star masses from 1.2 to 1.8 solar masses. We also derive a
source distance of 8.5 +/- 2.5 kpc, indicating that XTE J2123-058 is unusually
far, 5.0 +/- 1.5 kpc, from the Galactic plane. Our measurement of the systemic
radial velocity is -94.5 +/- 5.5 km/s, which is significantly different from
what would be observed if this object corotates with the disk of the Galaxy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86469 </DOCNO>
Comparison between two methods of post-Newtonian expansion for the


  The asymptotic method of post-Newtonian (PN) expansion for weak gravitational
fields, recently developed, is compared with the standard method of PN
expansion, in the particular case of a massive test particle moving along a
geodesic line of a weak Schwarzschild field. First, the expression of the
active mass in Schwarzschild's solution is given for a barotropic perfect
fluid, both for general relativity (GR) and for an alternative, scalar theory.
The principle of the asymptotic method is then recalled and the PN expansion of
the active mass is derived. The PN correction to the active mass is made of the
Newtonian elastic energy, augmented, for the scalar theory, by a term due to
the self-reinforcement of the gravitational field. Third, two equations, both
correct to first order, are derived for the geodesic motion of a mass particle:
a "standard" one and an "asymptotic" one. Finally, the difference between the
solutions of these two equations is numerically investigated in the case of
Mercury. The asymptotic solution deviates from the standard one like the square
of the time elapsed since the initial time. This is due to a practical
shortcoming of the asymptotic method, which is shown to disappear if one
reinitializes the asymptotic problem often enough. Thus, both methods are
equivalent in the case investigated. In a general case, the asymptotic method
seems more natural.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127942 </DOCNO>
Quintessence Cosmology and the Cosmic Coincidence


  Within present constraints on the observed smooth energy and its equation of
state parameter, it is important to find out whether the smooth energy is
static (cosmological constant) or dynamic (quintessence). The most dynamical
quintessence fields observationally allowed are now still fast-rolling and no
longer satisfy the tracker approximation if the equation of state parameter
varies moderately with cosmic scale. We are optimistic about distinguishing
between a cosmological constant and appreciably dynamic quintessence, by
measuring average values for the effective equation of state parameter.
However, reconstructing the quintessence potential from observations of any
scale dependence appears problematic in the near future. For our flat universe,
at present dominated by smooth energy in the form of either a cosmological
constant (LCDM) or quintessence (QCDM), we calculate the asymptotic collapsed
mass fraction to be maximal at the observed smooth energy/matter ratio.
Identifying this collapsed fraction as a conditional probability for habitable
galaxies, we infer that the prior distribution is flat. Interpreting this prior
as a distribution over theories, rather than as a distribution over
unobservable subuniverses, leads us to heuristic predictions about the class of
future quantum cosmology theories and the static or quasi-static nature of the
smooth energy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168103 </DOCNO>
Electron g-factor Engineering in III-V Semiconductors for Quantum


  An entanglement-preserving photo-detector converts photon polarization to
electron spin. Up and down spin must respond equally to oppositely polarized
photons, creating a requirement for degenerate spin energies, ge=0 for
electrons. We present a plot of ge-factor versus lattice constant, analogous to
bandgap versus lattice constant, that can be used for g-factor engineering of
III-V alloys and quantum wells

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128710 </DOCNO>
Stationary equatorial MHD flows in general relativity


  We derive a new formulation of the fully general relativistic equations
describing a stationary equatorial MHD outflow from a rotating central object.
The wind solution appears as a level contour of a `Bernoulli' function fixed by
the requirements that it must pass through the slow and fast critical points.
This approach is the general relativistic extension to the classical treatment
of Sakurai (1985). We discuss in details how the efficiency of the magnetic to
kinetic energy conversion depends mainly on the geometry of the flux tubes and
show that the magnetic acceleration can work very well under some conditions.
We show how this tool can be used for the study of several astrophysical
phenomena, among which gamma-ray bursts.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41159 </DOCNO>
Results and Future Plans from Bes


  The values of $R = \sigma(e^+e^-\to{hadrons})/ \sigma(e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^-)$
for 85 center-of-mass energies between 2 and 5 GeV are reported. Preliminary
results using partial wave analysis for $J/\psi$ decays to $\gamma \pi^+
\pi^-$, $\gamma K^+K^-$, $\phi \pi^+\pi^-$ and $\phi K^+K^-$ are presented. The
BESIII/BEPCII, a project for the future of BES, is introduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113681 </DOCNO>
A speech for the luminiferous ether


  There is no aberration of terrestrial sources, because the light-vector has
an inertial component. A new analysis of the Michelson Morley experiment shows:
Light propagates anisotropically relative to a moving system, dependent on the
velocity and the angle between the velocity and the direction of motion. The
two way (back and forth) velocity is isotropic, but also dependent on the
velocity of the frame. There is no Lorentz contraction. - A real ultrasonic
experiment shows: Also the propagation of sound follows the given general
conical section equation and an acoustical Michelson Morley experiment gives
the same zero result as the optical experiment in contrast to the school of
thought. - The theory of relativity is incorrect and the existence of a
luminiferous ether as a propagation medium and an absolute frame of reference
is again obvious. Some properties of the ether and a fundamental cause of the
dependency of the velocity on the mass and the frequency are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148329 </DOCNO>
Perturbative n-Loop Renormalization by an Implicit Regularization


  We construct a regularization independent procedure for implementing
perturbative renormalization. An algebraic identity at the level of the
internal lines of the diagrams is used which allows for the identification of
counterterms in a purely algebraic way. Order by order in a perturbative
expansion we obtain automatically in the process, finite contributions, local
and nonlocal divergences. The notorious complications introduced by overlapping
divergences never enter and since no subtractions are performed (as in BPHZ)
all the counterterms are readily displayed. We illustrate with $\phi_{6}^{3}$
theory to show that our framework renders a considerable algebraic
simplification as well as explicitates the connection between renormalization
and counterterms in the Lagrangian.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4906 </DOCNO>
Ce-L3-XAS study of the temperature dependence of the 4f occupancy in the


  We have used temperature dependent x-ray absorption at the Ce-L3 edge to
investigate the recently discovered Kondo compound Ce2Rh3Al9. The systematic
changes of the spectral lineshape with decreasing temperature are analyzed and
found to be related to a change in the $4f$ occupation number, n_f, as the
system undergoes a transition into a Kondo state. The temperature dependence of
$n_f$ indicates a characteristic temperature of 150K, which is clearly related
with the high temperature anomaly observed in the magnetic susceptibility of
the same system. The further anomaly observed in the resistivity of this system
at low temperature (ca. 20K) has no effect on n_f and is thus not of Kondo
origin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72569 </DOCNO>
Non-perturbative QCD analysis of near-to-planar three-jet events


  We present the analysis of the 1/Q-suppressed non-perturbative (NP)
contribution to the cumulative out-of-event-plane momentum distribution in e+e-
annihilation in the near-to-planar three-jet region. It complements our
previous study of the perturbative (PT) distributions resummed to single
logarithmic accuracy. Due to inter-jet soft gluon radiation, the NP
contributions (as well as the PT distributions) are sensitive to the geometry
(the angles between jets) and the colour structure of the underlying hard
process (topology of the three-prong parton antenna). The results and
techniques presented here could be extended to other multi-jet processes and,
in particular, to hadron-hadron collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41399 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the Branching Fraction for B->eta' K and Search for


  We report measurements for two-body charmless B decays with an eta' meson in
the final state. Using 11.1X10^6 BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector,
we find BF(B^+ ->eta'K^+)=(79^+12_-11 +-9)x10^-6 and BF(B^0 ->
eta'K^0)=(55^+19_-16 +-8)x10^-6, where the first and second errors are
statistical and systematic, respectively. No signal is observed in the mode B^+
-> eta' pi^+, and we set a 90% confidence level upper limit of BF(B^+->
eta'pi^+) < 7x10^-6. The CP asymmetry in B^+- -> eta'K^+- decays is
investigated and a limit at 90% confidence level of -0.20<Acp<0.32 is obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6737 </DOCNO>
A Percolation Model of Diagenesis


  The restructuring process of diagenesis in the sedimentary rocks is studied
using a percolation type model. The cementation and dissolution processes are
modeled by the culling of occupied sites in rarefied and growth of vacant sites
in dense environments. Starting from sub-critical states of ordinary
percolation the system evolves under the diagenetic rules to critical
percolation configurations. Our numerical simulation results in two dimensions
indicate that the stable configuration has the same critical behaviour as the
ordinary percolation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127310 </DOCNO>
BVRI Photometry of Supernovae


  We present optical photometry of one Type IIn supernova (1994Y) and nine Type
Ia supernovae (1993Y, 1993Z, 1993ae, 1994B, 1994C, 1994M, 1994Q, 1994ae, and
1995D). SN 1993Y and SN 1993Z appear to be normal SN Ia events with similar
rates of decline, but we do not have data near maximum brightness. The colors
of SN 1994C suggest that it suffers from significant reddening or is
intrinsically red. The light curves of SN 1994Y are complicated; they show a
slow rise and gradual decline near maximum brightness in $VRI$ and numerous
changes in the decline rates at later times. SN 1994Y also demonstrates color
evolution similar to that of the SN IIn 1988Z, but it is slightly more luminous
and declines more rapidly than SN 1988Z. The behavior of SN1994Y indicates a
small ejecta mass and a gradual strengthening of the H$\alpha$ emission
relative to the continuum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129010 </DOCNO>
Magnetic helicity in stellar dynamos: new numerical experiments


  The theory of large scale dynamos is reviewed with particular emphasis on the
problem of magnetic helicity conservation in the presence of closed and open
boundaries. It is concluded that in solar and stellar large scale dynamos the
production and destruction of magnetic helicity during one cycle may still be
accomplished by ordinary Spitzer resistivity. This is mainly because of
geometric effects causing significant magnetic helicity cancellation on each
hemisphere, but also partly because the generation of toroidal field by shear
does not involve the production of magnetic helicity. A number of alternatives
are discussed and dismissed. These include open boundaries which lead to
preferential loss of large scale magnetic helicity together with large scale
magnetic fields. It is also shown that artificially induced losses of small
scale field do not accelerate the production of large scale (poloidal) field.
In fact, resistively limited evolution towards saturation is also found at
intermediate scales before the largest scale of the system is reached. Larger
aspect ratios or the inclusion of shear do not affect this conclusion. No
evidence is found for the possibility of circumventing the magnetic helicity
problem in oscillatory dynamos with field migration via magnetic helicity
conservation in a lagrangian sense, whereby patches of different magnetic
helicity could be advected with the dynamo wave.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74571 </DOCNO>
Longitudinal Lambda polarization in polarized semi-inclusive DIS


  We calculate, within pQCD parton model at leading orders, the expression of
the longitudinal polarization of Lambda baryons produced in polarized
semi-inclusive DIS, including weak interaction effects. We present some
numerical estimates in few cases for which data are or will soon be available
and discuss how to gather new information on polarized fragmentation functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4164 </DOCNO>
A Class of Exactly Solvable Pairing Models


  We present three classes of exactly solvable models for fermion and boson
systems, based on the pairing interaction. These models are solvable in any
dimension. As an example we show the first results for fermion interacting with
repulsive pairing forces in a two dimensional square lattice. Inspite of the
repulsive pairing force the exact results show attractive pair correlations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5817 </DOCNO>
Weight vs Magnetization Enumerator for Gallager Codes


  We propose a method to determine the critical noise level for decoding
Gallager type low density parity check error correcting codes. The method is
based on the magnetization enumerator ($\cM$), rather than on the weight
enumerator ($\cW$) presented recently in the information theory literature. The
interpretation of our method is appealingly simple, and the relation between
the different decoding schemes such as typical pairs decoding, MAP, and finite
temperature decoding (MPM) becomes clear. Our results are more optimistic than
those derived via the methods of information theory and are in excellent
agreement with recent results from another statistical physics approach.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168964 </DOCNO>
Inverse Quantum Zeno Effect in Quantum Oscillations


  It is shown that inverse quantum Zeno effect (IZE) may exist in a three-level
system with Rabi oscillations between discrete atomic states. The experiment to
observe IZE in such a system is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86995 </DOCNO>
Gravitomagnetic Effects in the Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in


  Propagation of light in the gravitational field of self-gravitating spinning
bodies moving with arbitrary velocities is discussed. The gravitational field
is assumed to be "weak" everywhere. Equations of motion of a light ray are
solved in the first post-Minkowskian approximation that is linear with respect
to the universal gravitational constant $G$. We do not restrict ourselves with
the approximation of gravitational lens so that the solution of light geodesics
is applicable for arbitrary locations of source of light and observer. This
formalism is applied for studying corrections to the Shapiro time delay in
binary pulsars caused by the rotation of pulsar and its companion. We also
derive the correction to the light deflection angle caused by rotation of
gravitating bodies in the solar system (Sun, planets) or a gravitational lens.
The gravitational shift of frequency due to the combined translational and
rotational motions of light-ray-deflecting bodies is analyzed as well. We give
a general derivation of the formula describing the relativistic rotation of the
plane of polarization of electromagnetic waves (Skrotskii effect). This formula
is valid for arbitrary translational and rotational motion of gravitating
bodies and greatly extends the results of previous researchers. Finally, we
discuss the Skrotskii effect for gravitational waves emitted by localized
sources such as a binary system. The theoretical results of this paper can be
applied for studying various relativistic effects in microarcsecond space
astrometry and developing corresponding algorithms for data processing in space
astrometric missions such as FAME, SIM, and GAIA.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174775 </DOCNO>
Prompt dimuons and D meson production in heavy-ion collisions at the SPS


  NA60, a follow-up of NA38/50 at the CERN-SPS, is a third generation heavy-ion
experiment finally approved in November 2000 for heavy-ion runs in 2002 and
2003. This article will report about the main motivations which lead to this
experiment, the main detector concept and the foreseen physics performance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74325 </DOCNO>
Resummation of the hadronic tau decay width with the modified Borel


  A modified Borel transform of the Adler function is used to resum the
hadronic tau decay width ratio. In contrast to the ordinary Borel transform,
the integrand of the Borel integral is renormalization--scale invariant. We use
an ansatz which explicitly accounts for the structure of the leading infrared
renormalon. Further, we use judiciously chosen conformal transformations for
the Borel variable, in order to map sufficiently away from the origin the other
ultraviolet and infrared renormalon singularities. In addition, we apply Pade
approximants for the corresponding truncated perturbation series of the
modified Borel transform, in order to further accelerate the convergence.
Comparing the results with the presently available experimental data on the tau
hadronic decay width ratio, we obtain $\alpha_s(M^z) = 0.1192 +- 0.0007_{exp.}
+- 0.0010_{EW+CKM} +- 0.0009_{th.} +- 0.0003_{evol.}$. These predictions
virtually agree with those of our previous resummations where we used ordinary
Borel transforms instead.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41584 </DOCNO>
ElectroWeak Symmetry Breaking in Tevatron Run II


  The Tevatron Run II will provide CDF and D0 with a large dataset of ppbar
interactions collected at sqrt(s)=2 TeV. We discuss the opportunity for the two
experiments to improve the understanding of electrowek and top physics in the
first years of data taking (Run IIa,2fb-1) in view of the upgrades of the
detectors. We also discuss the prospectives for a Higgs discovery at the
Tevatron in view of the Run IIb data taking period which will deliver an
additional of about 13fb-1 to each experiment

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1042 </DOCNO>
A microscopic mechanism for rejuvenation and memory effects in spin


  Aging in spin glasses (and in some other systems) reveals astonishing effects
of `rejuvenation and memory' upon temperature changes. In this paper, we
propose microscopic mechanisms (at the scale of spin-spin interactions) which
can be at the origin of such phenomena. Firstly, we recall that, in a
frustrated system, the effective average interaction between two spins may take
different values (possibly with opposite signs) at different temperatures. We
give simple examples of such situations, which we compute exactly. Such
mechanisms can explain why new ordering processes (rejuvenation) seem to take
place in spin glasses when the temperature is lowered. Secondly, we emphasize
the fact that inhomogeneous interactions do naturally lead to a wide
distribution of relaxation times for thermally activated flips. `Memory spots'
spontaneously appear, in the sense that the flipping time of some spin clusters
becomes extremely long when the temperature is decreased. Such memory spots are
capable of keeping the memory of previous ordering at a higher temperature
while new ordering processes occur at a lower temperature. After a qualitative
discussion of these mechanisms, we show in the numerical simulation of a
simplified example that this may indeed work. Our conclusion is that certain
chaos-like phenomena may show up spontaneously in any frustrated and
inhomogeneous magnetic system, without impeding the occurrence of memory
effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179082 </DOCNO>
Reaction mechanisms for two-neutron halo breakup


  We describe a reaction mechanism which is consistent with all available
experimental information of high energy three-body breakup processes. The
dominating channels are removal of one of the three halo particles leaving the
other two either undisturbed or absorbed. We compare with the commonly used
deceptive assumption of a decay through two-body resonance states. Our
predictions can be tested by measuring neutron-neutron invariant mass spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72712 </DOCNO>
High density QCD at THERA


  These notes are a summary of our predictions for the new THERA project,
related to deep inelastic scattering in the region of ultra low $x$ ($x \to
10^{-7}$). We collect here predictions that satisfy two criteria (i) they do
not depend on specific features of the model that we have to use to estimate a
possible effect; and (ii) they do not contradict the HERA data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129368 </DOCNO>
Low-Mass Neutron Stars as Anomalous Pulsars


  A neutron star with mass close to the lower limit might be a reasonable model
for some anomalous pulsars. Emission is thermal. X-ray luminosity is high.
Spatial velocity can be high. Since the radius is predicted to be large, the
magnetic field calculated for spin-down is lower than that required by the
magnetar model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75977 </DOCNO>
Determining the Supernova Direction by its Neutrinos


  Supernova neutrinos, which arrive at Earth earlier than light, allow for the
earliest determination of the direction of the supernova. The topic of this
paper is to study how accurately we can determine the supernova direction. We
simulate supernova neutrino events at the SuperKamiokande detector, using a
realistic supernova model and several realistic neutrino oscillation models.
With the results of our simulation, we can restrict the supernova direction to
be within a circle of radius $9^\circ$. In several neutrino oscillation models,
this accuracy is increased to $8^\circ$. We also discuss the influence of an
accident that occurred at the SuperKamiokande detector. After repair of the
detector, using the remaining PMTs, the accuracy becomes about $12^\circ$ for
no oscillation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75497 </DOCNO>
QCD and QED Corrections to Light-by-Light Scattering


  We present the QCD and QED corrections to the fermion-loop contributions to
light-by-light scattering, gamma gamma to gamma gamma, in the ultrarelativistic
limit where the kinematic invariants are much larger than the masses of the
charged fermions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7416 </DOCNO>
Transport coefficients of a heated granular gas


  The Navier-Stokes transport coefficients of a driven fluidized granular gas
are obtained from the Chapman-Enskog solution to the Boltzmann equation. The
gas is heated by the action of an external driving force which does work to
compensate for the collisional loss of energy. Two types of external driving
are considered: (a) a deterministic force proportional to the particle velocity
(Gaussian thermostat), and (b) a stochastic force. As happens in the elastic
case, the transport coefficients are determined from linear integral equations
which can be approximately solved by means of a Sonine polynomial expansion. In
the leading order, we get those coefficients as explicit functions of the
restitution coefficient $\alpha$. The results are compared with those obtained
in the undriven case, indicating that the driving external forces do not play a
neutral role in the transport. Finally, in the case of the Gaussian and the
stochastic thermostats, the kinetic theory results are also compared with those
obtained from Monte Carlo simulations of the Boltzmann equation for the shear
viscosity. The comparison shows an excellent agreement between theory and
simulation over a wide range of values of the restitution coefficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6631 </DOCNO>
Spatio-temporal log-stable process for the turbulent energy-cascade


  We present a dynamical log-stable process for the spatio-temporal evolution
of the energy-dissipation field in fully developed turbulence. The process is
constructed from multifractal scaling relations required for two-point
correlators of arbitrary order. n-point correlation functions are calculated
analytically and interpreted in terms of generalised fusion rules and in terms
of the random multiplicative cascade picture.
  Multiplier distributions are compared with experimental results.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2523 </DOCNO>
Vibratory motion of vortices near the surface of type II superconductor


  The vibrational contribution $\mu_{v}(H)$ to the dynamic magnetic
permeability is calculated allowing for the spatial variation of the order
parameter in the vortex cores. The behavior of calculated dependence $\mu
_{v}(H)$ is analyzed for the case when the vortices oscillate near their
positions corresponding to the equilibrium vortex lattice. It is shown that
taking into account the suppression of the order parameter in the vortex cores
leads to appreciable difference in the behavior of $\mu_{v}(H)$ as compared to
the similar dependence obtained in the London approximation. The main reason of
this difference is a change of the effective potential well in which the
vibrational motion of the vortices takes place.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129383 </DOCNO>
Far-Infrared Emission from Intracluster Dust in Abell Clusters


  The ISOPHOT instrument aboard ISO has been used to observe extended FIR
emission of six Abell clusters. The raw profiles of the I_(120 um) / I_(180 um)
surface brightness ratio including zodiacal light show a bump towards Abell
1656 (Coma), dips towards Abell 262 and Abell 2670, and are without clear
structure towards Abell 400, Abell 496, and Abell 4038. After subtraction of
the zodiacal light, the bump towards Abell 1656 is still present, while the
dips towards Abell 262 and Abell 2670 are no longer noticable. This indicates a
localized excess of emitting material outside the Galaxy towards Abell 1656,
while the behavior in Abell 262 and Abell 2670 can be reconciled with galactic
cirrus structures localized on the line-of-sight to these clusters. The excess
towards Abell 1656 (Coma) is interpreted as thermal emission from intracluster
dust distributed in the hot X-ray emitting intracluster medium. The absence of
any signature for intracluster dust in five clusters and the rather low
inferred dust mass in Abell 1656 indicates that intracluster dust is likely not
responsible for the excess X-ray absorption seen in cooling flow clusters.
These observations thereby represent a further unsuccessful attempt in
detecting the presumed final stage of the cooling flow material, in accord with
quite a number of previous studies in other wavelengths regions. Finally, the
observed dimming of the high-redshift supernovae is unlikely be attributable to
extinction caused by dust in the intracluster or even a presumed intercluster
medium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97427 </DOCNO>
Bosonic formulas for $\hat{sl_2}$ coinvariants


  We derive bosonic-type formulas for the characters of $\hat{sl_2}$
coinvariants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74730 </DOCNO>
A generating functional for ultrasoft amplitudes in hot QCD


  The effective amplitudes for gluon momentum p<<gT in hot QCD exhibit damping
as a result of collisions. The whole set of n-point amplitudes is shown to be
generated from one functional K(x,y;A), in addition to the induced current
j(x;A).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125161 </DOCNO>
Distance to the Active Galaxy NGC 6951 via the Type Ia Supernova 2000E


  CCD-photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy of the bright supernova SN
2000E in NGC 6951 are presented. Both the light curve extending up to 150 days
past maximum and the spectra obtained at 1 month past maximum confirm that SN
2000E is of Type Ia. The reddening of SN 2000E is determined as
E(B-V)=0.36+/-0.15, its error is mainly due to uncertainties in the predicted
SN (B-V) colour at late epochs. The V(RI)_C light curves are analyzed with the
Multi-Colour Light Curve Shape (MLCS) method. The shape of the late light curve
suggests that SN 2000E was overluminous by about 0.5 mag at maximum comparing
with a fiducial SN Ia. This results in an updated distance of 33+/-8 Mpc of NGC
6951 (corrected for interstellar absorption). The SN-based distance modulus is
larger by about +0.7 mag than the previous Tully-Fisher estimates. However,
possible systematic errors due to ambiguities in the reddening determination
and estimates of the maximum luminosity of SN 2000E may plague the present
distance measurement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128223 </DOCNO>
Monthly 43 GHz VLBA Polarimetric Monitoring of 3C120 over 16 Epochs:


  We present a 16-month sequence of monthly polarimetric 43 GHz VLBA images of
the radio galaxy 3C 120. The images probe the inner regions of the radio jet of
this relatively nearby superluminal radio galaxy at a linear resolution of 0.07
$h_{65}^{-1}$ pc ($H_o= 65 h_{65}$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$). We follow the
motion of a number of features with apparent velocities between 4.01$\pm$0.08
and $5.82\pm 0.13 h_{65}^{-1} c$. A new superluminal knot, moving at $4.29\pm
0.16 h_{65}^{-1} c$, is observed to be ejected from the core at a time
coincident with the largest flare ever observed for this source at millimeter
wavelengths. Changes in the position angle of this component, as well as a
progressive rotation of its magnetic polarization vector, suggest the presence
of a twisted (resembling a helix in projection) configuration of the underlying
jet magnetic field and jet geometry. We identify several knots that appear in
the wake of the new superluminal component, moving at proper motions $\sim 4$
times slower than any of the other moving knots observed in 3C 120. These
features have properties similar to those of the ``trailing'' shocks seen in
relativistic, time-dependent, hydrodynamical and emission simulations of
compact jets. Such trailing compressions are triggered by pinch-mode jet-body
instabilities caused by the propagation of a strong perturbation, which we
associate with the new strong superluminal component.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168690 </DOCNO>
Entanglement by a beam splitter: nonclassicality as a prerequisite for


  A beam splitter is a simple, readily available device which can act to
entangle the output optical fields. We show that a necessary condition for the
fields at the output of the beam splitter to be entangled is that the pure
input states exhibit nonclassical behavior. We generalize this proof for
arbitrary (pure or impure) Gaussian input states. Specifically, nonclassicality
of the input Gaussian fields is a necessary condition for entanglement of the
field modes with the help of the beam splitter. We conjecture that this is a
general property of the beam splitter: Nonclassicality of the inputs is a
necessary condition for entangling fields in the beam splitter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95507 </DOCNO>
Stationary Phase in Coherent State Path Integrals


  In applying the stationary phase approximation to coherent state path
integrals a difficulty occurs; there are no classical paths that satisfy the
boundary conditions of the path integral. Others have gotten around this
problem by reevaluating the action. In this work it is shown that it is not
necessary to reevaluate the action because the stationary phase approximation
is applicable so long as the path, about which the expansion is performed,
satisfies the associated Lagrange's equations of motion. It is not necessary
for this path to satisfy the boundary conditions in order to apply the
stationary phase approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75437 </DOCNO>
Lepton flavor violating process in a supersymmetric grand unified theory


  Motivated from the recent results of neutrino oscillation experiment, we
investigated lepton flavor violating (LFV) processes in a SU(5) supersymmetric
grand unified theory with right-handed neutrino. The current experimental upper
bound for $\mu \to e\gamma$ process gives already some constraint on the model.
Correlation between $\mu \to e \gamma$ and the SUSY contribution to the muon
anomalous magnetic moment is also discussed. Future LFV experiments will give
considerable impacts on this type of SUSY GUT models equipped with seesaw
neutrino mass generation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114171 </DOCNO>
Graph kinematics of discrete physical objects: beyond space-time. I.


  The necessity of an introduction of discrete physical objects in physics
conception is analysed taking into consideration an optimum stage for
postulating of some like objects in microworld as well as in macroworld
including the new ``physical graph'' as a discrete microobject and carrying out
its analogy with ``Kirchhoff's laws graph'' for an electric network as a
prototype of discrete macroobject which correspond both to discrete sets of
trees -- root trees (for microobjects) or skeleton trees (for macro networks).
The transitions are found connecting the usual $S$-matrix theory with Feynman
integrals and Feynman diagrams and the new physical graph kinematics formalism
which uses the natural root trees basis for the treatment of the structure of
an arbitrary complicated physical microobject with a specific ``graph
microgeometry'' -- beyond space-time consideration. Accordingly to the QCD
results the proton (nucleon) mass is determined in terms of the root trees
number $T_{v=3D11}$=3D1842 which corresponds to v=3D11 physical graph vertices.
It is supposed that by means of a double- and a triple-splitting of the root
trees numbers could be estimated the masses of the various series of another
microobjects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72618 </DOCNO>
Theoretical Challenges for a Precision Measurement of the W Mass at


  We summarize the status of calculations of the electroweak radiative
corrections to W and Z boson production via the Drell-Yan mechanism at hadron
colliders. To fully exploit the precision physics potential of the
high-luminosity environment of the Fermilab Tevatron p \bar p (Run II) and the
CERN LHC p p colliders, it is crucial that the theoretical predictions are well
under control. The envisioned precision physics program includes a precise
measurement of the W boson mass and the (leptonic) weak mixing angle, as well
as probing the Standard Model (SM) of electroweak interactions at the highest
accessible center-of-mass energies. Some numerical results are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3696 </DOCNO>
Establishing a non-Fermi liquid theory for disordered metals near two


  We consider the finkelstein action describing a system of spin polarized or
spinless electrons near two dimensions, in the presence of disorder as well as
the Coulomb interactions.We extend the renormalization group analysis of our
previous work and evaluate the metal-insulator transition of the electron gas
to second order in an (d-2) expansion. We obtain the complete scaling behavior
of physical observables like the conductivity and the specific heat with
varying frequency, temperature and/or electron density.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7376 </DOCNO>
High Magnetic Field NMR Studies of LiVGe$_2$O$_6$, a quasi 1-D Spin $S =


  We report $^{7}$Li pulsed NMR measurements in polycrystalline and single
crystal samples of the quasi one-dimensional S=1 antiferromagnet
LiVGe$_2$O$_6$, whose AF transition temperature is $T_{\text{N}}\simeq 24.5$ K.
The field ($B_0$) and temperature ($T$) ranges covered were 9-44.5 T and
1.7-300 K respectively. The measurements included NMR spectra, the spin-lattice
relaxation rate ($T_1^{-1}$), and the spin-phase relaxation rate ($T_2^{-1}$),
often as a function of the orientation of the field relative to the crystal
axes. The spectra indicate an AF magnetic structure consistent with that
obtained from neutron diffraction measurements, but with the moments aligned
parallel to the c-axis. The spectra also provide the $T$-dependence of the AF
order parameter and show that the transition is either second order or weakly
first order. Both the spectra and the $T_1^{-1}$ data show that $B_0$ has at
most a small effect on the alignment of the AF moment. There is no spin-flop
transition up to 44.5 T. These features indicate a very large magnetic
anisotropy energy in LiVGe$_2$O$_6$ with orbital degrees of freedom playing an
important role. Below 8 K, $T_1^{-1}$ varies substantially with the orientation
of $B_0$ in the plane perpendicular to the c-axis, suggesting a small energy
gap for magnetic fluctuations that is very anisotropic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6885 </DOCNO>
Classical nonlocal models for states of the quantized real Klein-Gordon


  Classical nonlocal field models consisting of probability densities over
functions defined everywhere on Minkowski space are constructed, using
functional methods. These models are equivalent to states of the quantized real
Klein-Gordon field in the sense that the marginal probability density over real
functions defined everywhere on a 3-dimensional hyperplane $S$, at all times
and for all Lorentz boosts, is equal to the corresponding probability density
over real functions on $S$ that is given by a state of the quantized real
Klein-Gordon field. This paper establishes a relationship between quantum field
theory and classical statistical field theory different from the well-known
relationship of analytic continuation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127204 </DOCNO>
Comet Hazard to the Earth


  Migration of trans-Neptunian objects to the Earth is considered. Due to the
gravitational influence of large trans-Neptunian objects and mutual collisions,
some objects can get such orbits, from which they can be moved inside the Solar
System under the gravitational influence of planets. About 10-20% or even more
1-km Earth-crossers could have come from the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt and can move
in Jupiter-crossing orbits. The number of former trans-Neptunian objects that
cross the Earth's orbit moving in orbits with aphelia inside Jupiter's orbit
can be of the same order of magnitude. A total mass of icy planetesimals
delivered to the Earth during formation of the giant planets can be about the
mass of the Earth's oceans.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128055 </DOCNO>
Discovery of a 0.15" Binary Brown Dwarf 2MASSJ 1426316+155701 With


  Use of the highly sensitive Hokupa'a curvature wavefront sensor has allowed
for the first time direct adaptive optics (AO) guiding on brown dwarfs and VLM
stars (SpT=M7-L2). An initial survey of 9 such objects discovered one 0.15"
binary (2MASSJ 1426316+155701). The companion is about half as bright as the
primary (Delta K = 0.61+/-0.05$, Delta H = 0.70+/-0.05) and has even redder
colors H-K=0.59+/-0.14 than the primary. The blended spectrum of the binary has
been previously determined to be M9.0. We modeled a blend of an M8.5 template
and a L1-L3 template reproducing a M9.0 spectrum in the case of Delta K =
0.61+/-0.05,Delta H = 0.70\pm0.05$. These spectral types also match the
observed H-K colors of each star. Based the previously observed low space
motion and $H_{\alpha}$ activity we assign an age of $0.8^{+6.7}_{-0.3} Gyr$.
Utilizing this age range and the latest DUSTY models of the Lyon group we
assign a photometric distance of $18.8^{+1.44}_{-1.02} pc$ and masses of
$M_{A}=0.074^{+0.005}_{-0.011} M_\odot$ and $M_{B}=0.066^{+0.006}_{-0.015}
M_\odot$. We therefore estimate a system separation of $2.92_{+0.22}^{-0.16}AU$
and a period of $13.3{+3.18}^{-1.51} yr$ respectively. Hence, 2M1426 is among
the smallest separation brown dwarf binaries resolved to date.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85731 </DOCNO>
Tanaka-Tagoshi Parametrization of post-1PN Spin-Free Gravitational Wave


  The spin-free binary-inspiral parameter-space introduced by Tanaka and
Tagoshi to construct a uniformly-spaced lattice of templates at (and possibly
beyond) $2.5PN$ order is shown to work for all first generation interferometric
gravitational wave antennas. This allows to extend the minimum-redundant
cardinal interpolation techniques of the correlator bank developed by the
Authors to the highest available order PN templates. The total number of 2PN
templates to be computed for a minimal match $\Gamma=0.97$ is reduced by a
factor 4, as in the 1PN case.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125959 </DOCNO>
GMRT Detection of HI 21 cm-line Absorption from the Peculiar Galaxy in


  Using the recently completed Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope, we have
detected the HI 21 cm-line absorption from the peculiar galaxy C153 in the
galaxy cluster Abell 2125. The HI absorption is at a redshift of 0.2533, with a
peak optical depth of 0.36. The full width at half minimum of the absorption
line is 100 km/s. The estimated column density of atomic Hydrogen is
0.7e22(Ts/100K) per sq. cm. The HI absorption is redshifted by ~ 400 km/s
compared to the [OIII] emission line from this system. We attribute this to an
in-falling cold gas, or to an out-flowing ionised gas, or to a combination of
both as a consequence of tidal interactions of C153 with either a cluster
galaxy or the cluster potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98885 </DOCNO>
A Jensen Inequality for a Family of Analytic Functions


  We improve an estimate (obtained in "A.Brudnyi, Small amplitude limit cycles
and the distribution of zeros of families of analytic functions, Ann. of Math.
154 (2) (2001), 227-243") for the average number of limit cycles of a planar
polynomial vector field situated in a neighbourhood of the origin provided that
the field in a larger neighbourhood is close enough to a linear center. The
result follows from a new distributional inequality for the number of zeros of
a family of univariate holomorphic functions depending holomorphically on a
parameter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81145 </DOCNO>
The flavour singlet mesons in QCD


  We study the flavour singlet mesons from first principles using lattice QCD.
We explore the splitting between flavour singlet and non-singlet for vector and
axial mesons as well as the more commonly studied cases of the scalar and
pseudoscalar mesons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123985 </DOCNO>
Host Galaxies and the Spectral Variability of Quasars


  Brightness variability of QSOs is associated with variations of the spectral
energy distribution in the optical-UV range. The observed change of the
spectral shape depends on the contribution of the host galaxy. Simulations,
taking into account luminosities and spectra expected for the host galaxies,
are compared with the observed spectral variability of a complete QSO sample.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179114 </DOCNO>
Softening of the nuclear equation-of-state by kinetic non-equilibrium in


  Highly compressed nuclear matter created in relativistic heavy collisions is
to large extent governed by local non-equilibrium. As an idealised scenario
colliding nuclear matter configurations are studied with an effective in-medium
interaction based on the microscopic DBHF model. It is found that on top of the
repulsive momentum dependence of the nuclear forces kinetic non-equilibrium
leads to an effective softening of the equation of state as compared to ground
state nuclear matter. The separation of phase space which is the basic feature
of such anisotropic configurations has thereby a similar influence as the
introduction of a virtual new degree of freedom.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3838 </DOCNO>
Elastic critical behaviour in a 3d model for polymer gels


  The elastic response in polymeric gels is studied by means of a percolation
dynamic model. By numerical simulations the fluctuations in the gyration radius
and in the center of mass motion of the percolating cluster are determined.
Their scaling behaviour at the gelation threshold gives a critical exponent for
the elastic modulus $f \sim 2.5 \pm 0.1$ in agreement with the prediction $f =
d \nu$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97020 </DOCNO>
A determinantal formula for the Hilbert series of one-sided ladder


  We give a formula that expresses the Hilbert series of one-sided ladder
determinantal rings, up to a trivial factor, in form of a determinant. This
allows the convenient computation of these Hilbert series. The formula follows
from a determinantal formula for a generating function for families of
nonintersecting lattice paths that stay inside a one-sided ladder-shaped
region, in which the paths are counted with respect to turns.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6279 </DOCNO>
Total Energy Studies for Ferromagnetic Nickel: What is the Optimum


  The multi-band Gutzwiller method, combined with calculations based on density
functional theory, is employed to study total energy curves of the
ferromagnetic ground state of Ni. A new method is presented which allows flow
of charge between d and s, p type orbitals in an approximate way. Further it is
emphasized that the missing repulsive contribution to the total energy at large
magnetic moments can be estimated from an analysis of specific DFT
calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148637 </DOCNO>
Boundary Fermions, Coherent Sheaves and D-branes on Calabi-Yau manifolds


  We construct boundary conditions in the gauged linear sigma model for B-type
D-branes on Calabi-Yau manifolds that correspond to coherent sheaves given by
the cohomology of a monad. This necessarily involves the introduction of
boundary fields, and in particular, boundary fermions. The large-volume
monodromy for these D-brane configurations is implemented by the introduction
of boundary contact terms. We also discuss the construction of D-branes
associated to coherent sheaves that are the cohomology of complexes of
arbitrary length. We illustrate the construction using examples, specifically
those associated with the large-volume analogues of the Recknagel-Schomerus
states with no moduli. Using some of these examples we also construct D-brane
states that arise as bound states of the above rigid configurations and show
how moduli can be counted in these cases.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2940 </DOCNO>
Algebraic study on the $A_{N-1}$- and $B_N$-Calogero models with


  Through an algebraic method using the Dunkl--Cherednik operators, the
multivariable Hermite and Laguerre polynomials associated with the $A_{N-1}$-
and $B_N$-Calogero models with bosonic, fermionic and distinguishable particles
are investigated. The Rodrigues formulas of column type that algebraically
generate the monic non-symmetric multivariable Hermite and Laguerre polynomials
corresponding to the distinguishable case are presented. Symmetric and
anti-symmetric polynomials that respectively give the eigenstates for bosonic
and fermionic particles are also presented by the symmetrization and
anti-symmetrization of the non-symmetric ones. The norms of all the eigenstates
for all cases are algebraically calculated in a unified way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83981 </DOCNO>
Analysis of Investment Policy in Belarus


  The optimal planning trajectory is analyzed on the basis of the growth model
with effectiveness. The saving per capital value has to be rather high
initially with smooth decrement in the future years.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149173 </DOCNO>
Gauging dual symmetry


  The idea of gauging (i.e. making local) symmetries of a physical system is a
central feature of many modern field theories. Usually, one starts with a
Lagrangian for some scalar or spinor matter fields, with the Lagrangian being
invariant under a global phase symmetry transformation of the matter fields.
Making this global phase symmetry local results in the introduction of vector
fields. The vector fields can be said to arise as a result of the gauge
principle. Here we show that this chain of reasoning can be reversed: by
gauging the electric-magnetic dual symmetry of a Lagrangian which originally
contains only the vector gauge fields we find that it is necessary to introduce
matter fields (scalar fields in our example). In this gauging of the
electric-magnetic dual symmetry the traditional roles of the vector fields and
the matter fields are interchanged.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 762 </DOCNO>
Critical currents and vortex dynamics in super-conducting MgB2


  The recently-discovered MgB2 super-conductor has a transition temperature Tc
approaching 40K, placing it intermediate between the families of low and high
temperature super-conductors (LTS and HTS). In practical applications,
super-conductors are permeated by quantised magnetic flux vortices, and when a
current flows there is dissipation unless the vortices are "pinned" in some
way, and so inhibited from moving under the influence of the Lorentz force.
This vortex motion sets the limiting critical current density Jc in the
super-conductor. Vortex behaviour has proved to be more complicated in the HTS
than in LTS materials. While this has stimulated extensive theoretical and
experimental research, it has impeded applications. Clearly it is important to
explore vortex behaviour in MgB2; here we report on Jc, and also on the creep
rate S, which is a measure of how fast the "persistent" currents decay. Our
results show that naturally-occurring grain boundaries are highly transparent
to supercurrent, and suggest that the steep decline in Jc with increasing
magnetic field H reflects a weakening of the vortex pinning energy, possibly
because this compound forms naturally with a high degree of crystalline
perfection.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72693 </DOCNO>
Determining $|V_{ub}|$ from the $\bar B\to X_u\ell\bar\nu$ dilepton


  The invariant mass spectrum of the lepton pair in inclusive semileptonic
$\bar B\to X_u \ell\bar\nu$ decay yields a model independent determination of
$|V_{ub}|$. Unlike the lepton energy and hadronic invariant mass spectra,
nonperturbative effects are only important in the resonance region, and play a
parametrically suppressed role when $d\Gamma / dq^2$ is integrated over $q^2 >
(m_B-m_D)^2$, which is required to eliminate the $\bar B\to X_c \ell\bar\nu$
background. We discuss these backgrounds for $q^2$ slightly below
$(m_B-m_D)^2$, and point out that instead of $q^2 > (m_B-m_D)^2 = 11.6 GeV^2$,
the cut can be lowered to $q^2 \gtrsim 10.5 GeV^2$. This is important
experimentally, particularly when effects of a finite neutrino reconstruction
resolution are included.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129133 </DOCNO>
Tracing Matter with Weak Lensing Surveys


  Gravitational weak lensing maps the location of (dark) matter at all scales.
The lens-induced distortion field traces gravity fields and can be used to
reconstruct the mass distribution in galaxies, groups, clusters of galaxies or
large-scale structures. From these reconstructions, one can in principle
recover where the matter is, what are its properties and how it is coupled with
light and baryons. In the following, we review the present status of weak
lensing analysis and discuss the most recent results regarding matter
properties in the universe.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149074 </DOCNO>
Comments on Noncommutative Particle Dynamics


  We discuss a version of Hamiltonian (2+1)-dimensional dynamics, in which one
allows nonvanishing Poisson brackets also between the coordinates, and between
the momenta. The resulting equations of motion are not any more derivable from
a Lagrangian. However, taking a specific limit, in which the symplectic form
becomes singular, one can recover a first-order Lagrangian description. This
signals the dimensional reduction of the phase-space to half its initial number
of degrees of freedom. We reach the same limit from another point of view,
studying a particular form of the Poisson brackets, which is singled out
geometrically and easy to handle algebraically. For comparison, a discussion of
quantum mechanics with extended Heisenberg algebra is included. The quantum
theory constrains the antisymmetric matrix providing the algebra to the above
mentioned classically singular limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6611 </DOCNO>
Ordered and Disordered Electron States in a Quantum Dot Array


  Charge ordering and hopping dynamics of electrons on the triangular 2D array
of quantum dots is studied by a mapping onto a classical Ising problem with
long range antiferromagnetic interactions. A number of phases arises due to
interplay between frustration in a triangular array geometry and the long-range
character of Coulomb interaction. We identify a novel correlated fluid phase
that exists in a range of densities and at not too low temperatures. Ordering
in this phase is described in terms of a height field variable and unbound
dislocations. We demonstrate a relation between the dynamical response
(conductivity) and ordering in the charged system. At low temperature the
system freezes into a commensurate phase (solid). At the densities n=1/3, 2/3
and n=1/2, freezing occurs via a first order phase transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168582 </DOCNO>
Renyi-Wehrl entropies as measures of localization in phase space


  We generalize the concept of the Wehrl entropy of quantum states which gives
a basis-independent measure of their localization in phase space. We discuss
the minimal values and the typical values of these R{enyi-Wehrl entropies for
pure states for spin systems. According to Lieb's conjecture the minimal values
are provided by the spin coherent states. Though Lieb's conjecture remains
unproven, we give new proofs of partial results that may be generalized for
other systems. We also investigate random pure states and calculate the mean
Renyi-Wehrl entropies averaged over the natural measure in the space of pure
quantum states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95980 </DOCNO>
Integrable Supersymmetric Fluid Mechanics from Superstrings


  Following the construction of a model for the planar supersymmetric Chaplygin
gas, supersymmetric fluid mechanics in (1+1)-dimensions is obtained from the
light-cone parametrized Nambu-Goto superstring in (2+1)-dimensions. The lineal
model is completely integrable and can be formulated neatly using Riemann
coordinates. Infinite towers of conserved charges and supercharges are
exhibited. They form irreducible representations of a dynamical (hidden)
SO(2,1) symmetry group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123753 </DOCNO>
VLT/Uves Observations of the Dla at Z=3.39 towards QSO 0000-2621


  UVES observations at ESO/VLT of the DLA at z=3.39 towards QSO 0000-2621
provided refined abundances for Fe, Si, N, Ni, and new abundances for O, Ar, P,
Zn, Cr, H2. These determinations confirm that the system has remarkable
properties with the lowest metallicity, a very low H2 molecular fraction and it
has no detectable presence of dust. The [alpha/Fe-peak] ratio is ~ 0.1
challenging current models of chemical evolution. The O/Ar and O/S ratios are
the same as those observed in BCGs, suggesting a universal IMF.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127543 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Cosmic Equation of State with Galaxy Clusters in the DEEP2


  The abundances of groups and clusters of galaxies are expected to have
changed substantially since high redshift, with the strength of this evolution
dependent upon fundamental cosmological parameters. Upcoming large redshift
surveys of distant galaxies will make it possible to measure these quantities
at z~1; when combined with the results of local redshift surveys currently
underway, the evolution of cluster abundances may be determined. The DEEP2
Redshift Survey, planned to begin in Spring 2002, is particularly well-suited
for this work because of the high spectroscopic resolution to be used; velocity
dispersions of groups will be readily measurable. In this paper, we determine
the constraints on dark energy models that counts of DEEP2 clusters should
provide. We find that comparing cosmological models using the simultaneous
distribution of clusters in both velocity dispersion and redshift yields
significantly stronger constraints than the redshift distribution alone. The
method can be made more powerful by employing a value of the fluctuation
amplitude sigma_8 determined with upcoming techniques (external to DEEP2) that
have no Omega_m degeneracy. The equation-of-state parameter for dark energy
models, w=P/rho, can then be measured to ~0.1 from observations of clusters
alone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4512 </DOCNO>
Density-functional theory of elastically deformed finite metallic


  The effect of external strain on surface properties of simple metals is
considered within the modified stabilized jellium model. The equations for the
stabilization energy of the deformed Wigner-Seitz cells are derived as a
function of the bulk electron density and the given deformation. The results
for surface stress and work function of aluminium calculated within the
self-consistent Kohn-Sham method are also given. The problem of anisotropy of
the work function of finite system is discussed. A clear explanation of
independent experiments on stress-induced contact potential difference at metal
surfaces is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148690 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetric domain wall x G/H solutions of IIB supergravity


  1-brane nonmaximally supersymmetric solutions of D=10 chiral supergravity are
discussed. In the dual frame, their near brane geometry is the product of a
3-dimensional domain wall spacetime and a 7-dimensional homogeneous Einstein
space G/H.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113560 </DOCNO>
Absorption Line Shape of a One-Dimensional Bose Gas


  We discuss the line shape for an internal state transition for bosonic atoms
confined as a one-dimensional gas. Typical line shape is an edge singularity
due to the absence of Bose-Einstein Condensation in such systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7388 </DOCNO>
Chaotic front dynamics in semiconductor superlattices


  We analyze the dynamical evolution of the current and the charge density in a
superlattice for fixed external dc voltage in the regime of self-sustained
current oscillations, using a microscopic sequential tunneling model. Fronts of
accumulation and depletion layers which are generated at the emitter may
collide and annihilate, thereby leading to a variety of different scenarios. We
find complex chaotic regimes at high voltages and low contact conductivities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96693 </DOCNO>
Renormalisation of flows on the multidimensional torus close to a KT


  We use a renormalisation operator R acting on a space of vector fields on the
d-torus, d>1, to prove the existence of a submanifold of vector fields
equivalent to constant. The result comes from the existence of a fixed point w
of R which is hyperbolic. This is done for a certain class KT of constant
vector fields w, called of Koch type. The transformation R is constructed using
a time rescaling, a linear change of basis plus a periodic non-linear map
isotopic to the identity, which we derive by a ``homotopy trick''.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179307 </DOCNO>
Continuum Linear Response in Coordinate Space Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov


  We formulate a continuum linear response theory on the basis of the
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov formalism in the coordinate space representation in
order to describe low-lying and high-lying collective excitations which couple
to one-particle and two-particle continuum states. Numerical analysis is done
for the neutron drip-line nucleus $^{24}$O. A low-lying collective mode that
emerges above the continuum threshold with large neutron strength is analyzed.
The collective state is sensitive to the density-dependence of the pairing. The
present theory satisfies accurately the energy weighted sum rule. This is
guaranteed by treating the pairing selfconsistently both in the static HFB and
in the dynamical linear response equation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98798 </DOCNO>
Feynman diagrams and the KdV hierarchy


  The generating functional of the intersection numbers of the stable
cohomology classes on moduli spaces of curves satisfy the string equation and a
KdV hierarchy. We give a proof of this classical Kontsevich-Witten result
completely in terms of Feynman diagrams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83745 </DOCNO>
Three-Stage Quantitative Neural Network Model of the Tip-of-the-Tongue


  A new three-stage computer artificial neural network model of the
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is shortly described, and its stochastic nature
was demonstrated. A way to calculate strength and appearance probability of
tip-of-the-tongue states, neural network mechanism of feeling-of-knowing
phenomenon are proposed. The model synthesizes memory, psycholinguistic, and
metamemory approaches, bridges speech errors and naming chronometry research
traditions. A model analysis of a tip-of-the-tongue case from Anton Chekhov's
short story 'A Horsey Name' is performed. A new 'throw-up-one's-arms effect' is
defined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98233 </DOCNO>
Algebraic Geometry over model categories (a general approach to derived


  For a (semi-)model category M, we define a notion of a ''homotopy''
Grothendieck topology on M, as well as its associated model category of stacks.
We use this to define a notion of geometric stack over a symmetric monoidal
base model category; geometric stacks are the fundamental objects to "do
algebraic geometry over model categories". We give two examples of applications
of this formalism. The first one is the interpretation of DG-schemes as
geometric stacks over the model category of complexes and the second one is a
definition of etale K-theory of E_{\infty}-ring spectra.
  This first version is very preliminary and might be considered as a detailed
research announcement. Some proofs, more details and more examples will be
added in a forthcoming version.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74623 </DOCNO>
New Model for the QCD Analytic Running Coupling


  As an elaboration of the analytic approach to Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), a
new model for the QCD analytic running coupling is proposed. A self-evident
advantage of the new analytic running coupling (NARC) is that it incorporates
the infrared enhancement and the ultraviolet asymptotic freedom in a single
expression. It is essential that additional parameters are not introduced in
the theory. The absence of unphysical singularities in the physical region
$q^2>0$ and a fairly well loop and scheme stability are the remarkable features
of the NARC. By making use of practically the same values of $\Lambda_{QCD}$ in
the approach developed, one succeeded in description of various physical
phenomena, from quark confinement to the $\tau$ lepton decay. This undoubtedly
implies that the new analytic running coupling substantially involves both the
nonperturbative and the perturbative behavior of Quantum Chromodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113894 </DOCNO>
Lattice and Compensation Schemes for the PEP-II Interaction Region


  The PEP-II interaction region is designed to accommodate asymmetric beam
energies, head-on collisions, small bunch spacing and provide low beta* for
high luminosity. Local correction schemes are implemented to compensate
non-linear chromaticity from the IP doublets as well as coupling, orbit and
focusing effects from the 6 Tm asymmetric detector solenoid. The main IR optics
features and local correction schemes are presented. MAD code is used for the
optics calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74763 </DOCNO>
Evidence for a two scale Infrared NPQCD dynamics from Pade couplant


  We report our finding of a two scale cut off structure in the infrared
nonperturbative dynamics of Pade couplant QCD, in the flavor states $N_{f} \le
8$. We argue that these two NPQCD momentum scales $Q_{c}(Y_{1})$ and
$Q_{c}(Y_{2})$ can be identified as the scales of onset of chiral symmetry
breaking and quark confinement in QCD, and as the cut off boundaries of a
strongly interacting infrared quark gluon phase of Quantum Chromodynamics,
intermediate between the hadronic phase of QCD and the weakly coupled
perturbative QCD regime. We investigated the pattern of variation with flavor
number $N_{f} \le 8$, of these domain boundaries of the intermediate
nonperturbative infrared QCD, and found that the two scales are correlated,
with a correlation factor $Q_{c}(Y_{2})/Q_{c}(Y_{1})$ that rises to a peak at
$N_{f} = 2$ from $N_{f} = 0$, but falls off rapidly to zero for $4 \le N_{f}
\le 8$. We concluded firmly that dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and quark
confinement while being two distinct QCD phenomena caused by two independent
component QCD forces $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$, are nevertheless closely related
phenomena of infrared nonperturbative QCD dynamics. Their correlation leads us
to a finding that quark confinement is most favored in the $N_{f} = 2$ flavor
state of QCD, but becomes rapidly less probable for $N_{f} \geq 4$, this
finding being exactly as one observes in nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41485 </DOCNO>
Observation of Color-suppressed $\bar{B}^0 \to D^{0}\pi^0$,


  We report the first observation of color-suppressed $\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^0
\pi^0$, $D^{*0} \pi^0$, $D^{0} \eta$, and $D^{0}\omega$ decays and evidence for
$\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^{*0} \eta$ and $D^{*0}\omega$. The branching fractions are
found to be ${\cal B} (\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^0 \pi^0) =
  (3.1 \pm 0.4 \pm 0.5) \times 10^{-4}$, ${\cal B} (\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^{*0}
\pi^0) =
  (2.7 ^{+0.8}_{-0.7} ^{+0.5}_{-0.6})\times 10^{-4}$, ${\cal B} (\bar{B}{}^0
\to D^0 \eta) =
  (1.4 ^{+0.5}_{-0.4}\pm 0.3) \times 10^{-4}$, ${\cal B} (\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^0
\omega) =
  (1.8 \pm 0.5 ^{+0.4}_{-0.3}) \times 10^{-4}$, and we set 90% confidence level
upper limits of ${\cal B} (\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^{*0} \eta) < 4.6\times 10^{-4}$
and ${\cal B} (\bar{B}{}^0 \to D^{*0} \omega) < 7.9 \times 10^{-4}$. The
analysis is based on a data sample of 21.3 fb$^{-1}$ collected at the
$\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^{+} e^{-}$
collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 636 </DOCNO>
Nuclear spin driven quantum relaxation in LiY_0.998Ho_0.002F_4


  Staircase hysteresis loops of the magnetization of a LiY_0.998Ho_0.002F_4
single crystal are observed at subkelvin temperatures and low field sweep
rates. This behavior results from quantum dynamics at avoided level crossings
of the energy spectrum of single Ho^{3+} ions in the presence of hyperfine
interactions. Enhanced quantum relaxation in constant transverse fields allows
the study of the relative magnitude of tunnel splittings. At faster sweep
rates, non-equilibrated spin-phonon and spin-spin transitions, mediated by weak
dipolar interactions, lead to magnetization oscillations and additional steps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41239 </DOCNO>
Distinguishing Higgs models in H -> b b-bar / H -> tau^+ tau^-


  We analyze the ratio of branching ratios R=BR(H->b b-bar)/BR(H->tau^+ tau^-)
of Higgs boson decays as a discriminant quantity between supersymmetric and
non-supersymmetric models. This ratio receives large renormalization-scheme
independent radiative corrections in supersymmetric models at large \tan\beta,
which are absent in the Standard Model or Two-Higgs-doublet models. These
corrections are insensitive to the supersymmetric mass scale. A detailed
analysis in the effective Lagrangian approach shows that, with a measurement of
+-21% accuracy, the Large Hadron Collider can discriminate between models if
the CP-odd Higgs boson mass is below 900 GeV. An e+e- Linear Collider at 500
GeV center of mass energy can discriminate supersymmetric models up to a CP-odd
Higgs mass of ~ 1.8 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74392 </DOCNO>
Stringent limits on quark star masses due to the chiral transition


  Recent finite-temperature QCD lattice data are analyzed within a
quasiparticle model, and extrapolated to nonzero chemical potential. Determined
by the chiral transition temperature, the resulting equation of state of charge
neutral, $\beta$-stable deconfined matter limits the mass and the size of quark
stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179073 </DOCNO>
On the isospin dependence of the mean spin-orbit field in nuclei


  By the use of the latest experimental data on the spectra of $^{133}$Sb and
$^{131}$Sn and on the analysis of properties of other odd nuclei adjacent to
doubly magic closed shells the isospin dependence of a mean spin-orbit
potential is defined. Such a dependence received the explanation in the
framework of different theoretical approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126515 </DOCNO>
A new sample of giant radio galaxies from the WENSS survey: I - Sample


  We have used the Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS) to define a sample of
47 low redshift (z < 0.4) giant radio galaxies. This is the largest sample yet
of such radio sources originating from a single survey. We present radio maps
of the newly discovered giants and optical images and spectra of their host
galaxies. We present some of their properties and discuss the selection
effects. We investigate the distribution of the sources in the radio power --
linear size (P-D) diagram, and how these parameters relate to the redshifts of
the sources in our sample. We find a strong drop in the number of sources with
a linear size above 2 Mpc. We argue that this is not a result of selection
effects, but that it indicates either a strong luminosity evolution of radio
sources of such a size, or that a large fraction of radio sources `switch off'
before they are able to grow to a size of 2 Mpc.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83743 </DOCNO>
Algorithms for Boolean Function Query Properties


  We present new algorithms to compute fundamental properties of a Boolean
function given in truth-table form. Specifically, we give an O(N^2.322 log N)
algorithm for block sensitivity, an O(N^1.585 log N) algorithm for `tree
decomposition,' and an O(N) algorithm for `quasisymmetry.' These algorithms are
based on new insights into the structure of Boolean functions that may be of
independent interest. We also give a subexponential-time algorithm for the
space-bounded quantum query complexity of a Boolean function. To prove this
algorithm correct, we develop a theory of limited-precision representation of
unitary operators, building on work of Bernstein and Vazirani.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 294 </DOCNO>
Pinning of stripes in cuprate superconductors


  We examine the effects of disorder on striped phases in high-temperature
superconductors and related materials. In the presence of quenched disorder,
pinning by the atomic lattice - which might give rise to commensuration effects
- is irrelevant for the stripe array on large length scales. As a consequence,
the stripes have divergent displacement fluctuations and topological defects
are present at all temperatures. Therefore the positional order of the stripe
array is short ranged, with a finite correlation length even at zero
temperature. Thus lock-in phenomena can exist only as crossovers but not as
transitions. In addition, this implies the glassy nature of stripes observed in
recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179269 </DOCNO>
Study of $\Lambda$ hypernuclei in the quark mean field model


  We extend the quark mean field model to the study of $\Lambda$ hypernuclei.
Without adjusting parameters, the properties of $\Lambda$ hypernuclei can be
described reasonably well. The small spin-orbit splittings for $\Lambda$ in
hypernuclei are achieved, while the $\Lambda$ single particle energies in the
present model are slightly underestimated as compared with the experimental
values. About 3% deviation from the quark model prediction for the
$\omega-\Lambda$ couplings is required in order to reproduce the experimental
single particle energies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97022 </DOCNO>
Structures Preserved by Consistently Graded Lie Superalgebras


  Dual Pfaff equations (of the form \tilde D^a = 0, \tilde D^a some vector
fields of degree -1) preserved by the exceptional infinite-dimensional simple
Lie superalgebras ksle(5|10), vle(3|6) and mb(3|8) are constructed, yielding an
intrinsic geometric definition of these algebras. This leads to conditions on
the vector fields, which are solved explicitly. Expressions for preserved
differential form equations (Pfaff equations), brackets (similar to contact
brackets) and tensor modules are written down. The analogous construction for
the contact superalgebra k(1|m) (a.k.a. the centerless N=m superconformal
algebra) is reviewed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148355 </DOCNO>
Analysis of nonperturbative fluctuations in a triple-well potential


  We consider the quantum tunneling phenomenon in a well-behaved triple-well
potential. As required by the semiclassical approximation we take into account
the quadratic fluctuations over the instanton which represents as usual the
localised finite-action solution of the euclidean equation of motion. The
determinants of the quadratic differential operators at issue are evaluated by
means of the Gelfang-Yaglom method. In doing so the explicit computation of the
conventional ratio of determinants takes as reference the harmonic oscillator
whose frequency is the average of the individual frequencies derived from the
non-equivalent minima of the potential. Eventually the physical effects of the
multi-instanton configurations are included in this approach. As a matter of
fact we obtain information about the energies of the ground-state and the two
first excited levels of the discrete spectrum at issue.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126484 </DOCNO>
Observing the first galaxies - a case for an intermediate resolution


  We present a special science case for an intermediate resolution multi-object
IR spectrograph for the VLT. We have constructed new models for massive
Population III stars and metal-free stellar populations (see Schaerer 2001).
The properties of individual stars and integrated populations, including their
ionising fluxes and SEDs are discussed. We also study their dependence on the
poorly known IMF and the star formation history. The synthetic spectra are used
to simulate spectroscopic observations of the expected emission lines of Pop
III galaxies. We show that such an instrument should allow the detection and
efficient observations of the first galaxies with the VLT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168602 </DOCNO>
Regularization of a three-body problem with zero-range potentials


  We propose a coordinate-space regularization of the three-body problem with
zero-range potentials. We include the effective range and the shape parameter
in the boundary condition of the zero-range potential. The proposed extended
zero-range model is tested against atomic helium trimers and is shown to
provide an adequate quantitative description of these systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127696 </DOCNO>
Cross-matching DENIS and 2MASS Point Sources towards the Magellanic


  The recent publications of the DENIS Catalogue towards the Magellanic Clouds
(MCs) with more than 1.3 million sources identified in at least two of the
three DENIS filters (I J K_s) and of the incremental releases of the 2MASS
point source catalogues (J H K_s) covering the same region of the sky, provide
an unprecedented wealth of data related to stellar populations in the MCs. In
order to build a reference catalogue of stars towards the Magellanic Clouds, we
have performed a cross-identification of these two catalogues. This implied
developing new tools for cross-identification and data mining.
 This study is partly supported by the Astrovirtel program that aims at
improving access to astronomical archives as virtual telescopes. The main goal
of the present study is to validate new cross-matching procedures for very
large catalogues, and to derive results concerning the astrometric and
photometric accuracy of these catalogues. The cross-matching of large surveys
is an essential tool to improve our understanding of their specific contents.
This approach can be considered as a new step towards a Virtual Observatory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2316 </DOCNO>
Kondo Correlations and the Fano Effect in Closed AB-Interferometers


  We study the Fano-Kondo effect in a closed Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interferometer
which contains a single-level quantum dot and predict a frequency doubling of
the AB oscillations as a signature of Kondo-correlated states. Using Keldysh
formalism, Friedel sum rule and Numerical Renormalization Group, we calculate
the exact zero-temperature linear conductance $G$ as a function of AB phase
$\phi$ and level position $\epsilon$. In the unitary limit, $G(\phi)$ reaches
its maximum $2e^2/h$ at $\phi=\pi/2$. We find a Fano-suppressed Kondo plateau
for $G(\epsilon)$ similar to recent experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168413 </DOCNO>
Relational modal interpretation for relativistic quantum field theories


  The relational version of the modal interpretation offers both a consistent
quantum ontology and solution for quantum paradoxes within the framework of
nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. In the present paper this approach is
generalized for the case of relativistic quantum field theories. Physical
systems are defined as Hilbert spaces. The concept of the reduced density
matrix is also generalized so that its trace may become smaller than one,
expressing the possibility of annihilation. Superselection rules are shown to
follow if the whole Universe has a definite electric charge, barionic number
and leptonic number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168672 </DOCNO>
Chaos in a double driven dissipative nonlinear oscillator


  We propose an anharmonic oscillator driven by two periodic forces of
different frequencies as a new time-dependent model for investigating quantum
dissipative chaos. Our analysis is done in the frame of statistical ensemble of
quantum trajectories in quantum state diffusion approach. Quantum dynamical
manifestation of chaotic behavior, including the emergence of chaos, properties
of strange attractors, and quantum entanglement are studied by numerical
simulation of ensemble averaged Wigner function and von Neumann entropy.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73049 </DOCNO>
Phenomenology of Neutrino Mass Matrix


  The search for possible mixing patterns of charged leptons and neutrinos is
important to get clues of the origin of nearly maximal mixings, since there are
some preferred bases of the lepton mass matrices given by underlying theories.
We systematically examine the mixing patterns which could lead to large lepton
mixing angles. We find out 37 mixing patterns are consistent with experimental
data if taking into account phase factors in the mixing matrices. Only 6
patterns of them can explain the observed data without any tuning of
parameters, while the others need particular choices for phase values.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114419 </DOCNO>
Giant Quantum Reflection of Neon Atoms from a Ridged Silicon Surface


  The specular reflectivity of slow, metastable neon atoms from a silicon
surface was found to increase markedly when the flat surface was replaced by a
grating structure with parallel narrow ridges. For a surface with ridges that
have a sufficiently narrow top, the reflectivity was found to increase more
than two orders of magnitude at the incident angle of 10 mRad from the surface.
The slope of the reflectivity vs the incident angle near zero was found to be
nearly an order of magnitude smaller than that of a flat surface. A grating
with 6.5% efficiency for the first-order diffraction was fabricated by using
the ridged surface structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87127 </DOCNO>
A note on the foundation of relativistic mechanics. I: Relativistic


  Is there a version of the notions of "state" and "observable" wide enough to
apply naturally and in a covariant manner to relativistic systems? I discuss
here a tentative answer.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73394 </DOCNO>
The Cosmological Moduli Problem and Preheating


  Many models of supersymmetry breaking, in the context of either supergravity
or superstring theories, predict the presence of particles with
Planck-suppressed couplings and masses around the weak scale. These particles
are generically called moduli. The excessive production of moduli in the early
Universe jeopardizes the successful predictions of nucleosynthesis. In this
paper we show that the efficient generation of these dangerous relics is an
unescapable consequence of a wide variety of inflationary models which have a
preheating stage. Moduli are generated as coherent states in a novel way which
differs from the usual production mechanism during parametric resonance. The
corresponding limits on the reheating temperature are often very tight and more
severe than the bound of 10^9 GeV coming from the production of moduli via
thermal scatterings during reheating.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86547 </DOCNO>
X-ray Novae and the Evidence for Black Hole Event Horizons


  We discuss new observations of X-ray novae which provide strong evidence that
black holes have event horizons. Optical observations of 13 X-ray novae
indicate that these binary stars contain collapsed objects too heavy to be
stable neutron stars. The objects have been identified as black hole
candidates. X-ray observations of several of these X-ray novae in quiescence
with the Chandra X-ray Observatory show that the systems are approximately 100
times fainter than nearly identical X-ray novae containing neutron stars. The
advection-dominated accretion flow model provides a natural explanation for the
difference. In this model, the accreting gas reaches the accretor at the center
with a large amount of thermal energy. If the accretor is a black hole, the
thermal energy will disappear through the event horizon, and the object will be
very dim. If the accretor is a neutron star or any other object with a surface,
the energy will be radiated from the surface, and the object will be bright. We
discuss alternate interpretations of the data that eliminate the need for
advection-dominated accretion. Most of these alternatives still require an
event horizon to explain the unusually low X-ray luminosities of the black hole
candidates. Some of the alternatives are also inconsistent with observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7008 </DOCNO>
Time-Reversal Breaking Secondary Gap in the Superconducting Phase of the


  Motivated by recent tunnelling and Andreev-reflection experiments, we discuss
the possibility of quantum transitions within the superconducting phase of the
cuprates, in which a secondary component appears in addition to a primary
$d_{x^2 - y^2}$ order parameter. We show that the most favored candidate for a
time-reversal symmetry breaking solution is an $id_{xy}$ secondary component.
As a general rule, the proximity to a quantum critical point favors the
appearance of secondary order parameters in a small doping region entirely
contained in the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125808 </DOCNO>
The Mass of the Convective Zone in FGK Main Sequence Stars and the


  The mass of the outer convective zone in FGK main sequence stars decreases
dramatically with stellar mass. Therefore, any contamination of a star's
atmosphere by accreted planetary material should affect hotter stars much more
than cool stars. If recent suggestions that high metal abundances in stars with
planets are caused by planetesimal accretion are correct, then metallicity
enhancements in earlier-type stars with planets should be very pronounced. No
such trend is seen, however.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98730 </DOCNO>
Growth of maps, distortion in groups and symplectic geometry


  In the present paper we study two sequences of real numbers associated to a
symplectic diffeomorphism: the uniform norm of the differential of its n-th
iteration and the word length of its n-th iteration. In the latter case we
assume that our diffeomorphism lies in a finitely generated group of symplectic
diffeomorphisms. We find lower bounds on the growth rates of these sequences in
a number of situations. These bounds depend on the symplectic geometry of the
manifold rather than on the specific choice of a diffeomorphism. They are
obtained by using recent results of Schwarz on Floer homology. Applications to
the Zimmer program are presented. We prove non-existence of certain non-linear
symplectic representations for finitely generated groups including some
lattices and Baumslag-Solitar groups.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75435 </DOCNO>
Structural Change of Cooper Pairs and Momentum-dependent Gap in Color


  The two-flavor color superconductivity is studied over a wide range of baryon
density with a single model. We pay a special attention to the spatial-momentum
dependence of the gap and to the spatial-structure of Cooper pairs. At
extremely high baryon density (O(10^{10} rho_0) with rho_0 being the normal
nuclear matter density), our model becomes equivalent to the usual perturbative
QCD treatment and the gap is shown to have a sharp peak near the Fermi surface
due to the weak-coupling nature of QCD. On the other hand, the gap is a smooth
function of the momentum at lower densities (O(10 rho_0)) due to strong color
magnetic and electric interactions. To study the structural change of Cooper
pairs from high density to lower density, quark correlation in the color
superconductor is studied both in the momentum space and in the coordinate
space. The size of the Cooper pair is shown to become comparable to the
averaged inter-quark distance at low densities. Also, effects of the
momentum-dependent running coupling and the antiquark pairing, which are both
small at high density, are shown to be non-negligible at low densities. These
features are highly contrasted to the standard BCS superconductivity in metals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3675 </DOCNO>
Quantum phase transition by cyclic four-spin exchange interaction for


  We investigate an $S=1/2$ two-leg spin ladder with a cyclic four-spin
exchange interaction whose interaction constant is denoted by $J_4$, by using
the density matrix renormalization group method. The interchain and the
intrachain interaction constant are denoted by $J_{rung}$ and $J_{\rm leg}$,
respectively and assumed to be antiferromagnetic. It turns out that a spin gap
between the singlet ($S_{tot}^z=0$) and the triplet ($S_{tot}^z=1$) states
vanishes at $J_4/J_{leg} \simeq 0.3$ for $J_{rung}=J_{leg}$. This result is in
contrast with the fact that the $S=1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg ladder,
that is the case of $J_{rung} \neq J_{leg}, J_4=0$, has a spin gap for all
nonzero value of interchain interaction $J_{\rm rung}>0$. We find a larger
value of the correlation length for the spin-pair correlation function than a
linear size $L$ of the system at $J_4/J_{\rm leg}=0.3$ and $J_{rung}=J_{leg}$:
the correlation length $\xi$ is about 204 times of the lattice constant for
L=84 for these values of interactions. We also find that the string correlation
function decays rather algebraically than exponentially at $J_4/J_{leg}=0.3$
and $J_{rung}=J_{leg}$. These results suggest that there is a quantum phase
transition at $J_4/J_{leg} \simeq 0.3$ for $J_{rung}=J_{leg}$. We estimate a
phase boundary where the spin gap vanishes in a $J_4/J_{leg}-J_{rung}/J_{leg}$
plane and obtain a consistent result with that by a perturbation theory for
$J_{\rm rung}/J_{leg}>1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95774 </DOCNO>
Anchored expansion and random walk


  This paper studies anchored expansion, a non-uniform version of the strong
isoperimetric inequality. We show that every graph with i-anchored expansion
contains a subgraph with isoperimetric (Cheeger) constant at least i. We prove
a conjecture by Benjamini, Lyons and Schramm (1999) that in such graphs the
random walk escapes with a positive lim inf speed. We also show that anchored
expansion implies a heat-kernel decay bound of order exp(-c n^1/3).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76680 </DOCNO>
A Test of SU(15) at HERA Using The HELAS Program


  A possible SU(15) process at HERA is investigated. The process that we
consider is $e^- P\ra \bar\nu_e \mu^- \mu^- +anything$ through the exchange of
new heavy gauge bosons $X^-$ and $X^{--}$ which are predicted in SU(15). This
process produces two easily observable like-sign muons in the final state. The
cross section of this process is calculated by using HELAS and VEGAS programs,
and PDF-library functions. The cross section turns out to be small to be
observed in near future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179666 </DOCNO>
Parametrising yields of nuclear multifragmentation


  We consider a model where, for a finite disintegrating system, yields of
composites can be calculated to arbitrary accuracy. An analytic answer for
yields is also known in the thermodynamic limit. In the range of temperature
and density considered in this work, the model has a phase transition. This
phase transition is first order. The analytic expression for yields of
composites, in the thermodynamic limit, does not conform to the expression
$<n_a>=a^{-\tau}f(a^{\sigma} (T-T_c))$ where, the usual identification would be
that $T_c$ is the critical temperature and $\tau,\sigma$ are critical
exponents. Nonetheless, for finite systems, we try to fit the yields with the
above expression. A minimisation procedure is adopted to get the parameters
$T_c,\tau$ and $\sigma$. While deviations from the formula are not negligible,
one might believe that the deviations are consistent with the corrections
attributable to finite particle number effects and might then conclude that one
has deduced at least approximately the values of critical parameters. This
exercise thus points to difficulties of trying to extract critical parameters
from data on nuclear disintegration. An interesting result is that the value of
$T_c$ deduced from the ``best'' fit is very close to the temperature at which
the first order phase transition occurs in the model. The yields calculated in
this model can also be fitted quite well by a parametrisation derived from a
droplet model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40825 </DOCNO>
Fiber R and D for the CMS HCAL


  This paper documents the fiber R and D for the CMS hadron barrel calorimeter
(HCAL). The R and D includes measurements of fiber flexibility, splicing,
mirror reflectivity, relative light yield, attenuation length, radiation
effects, absolute light yield, and transverse tile uniformity. Schematics of
the hardware for each measurement are shown. These studies are done for
different diameters and kinds of multiclad fiber.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124893 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray Observations of the X-ray Faint Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4697


  (abridged) A Chandra ACIS S3 observation of the X-ray faint elliptical galaxy
NGC 4697 resolves much of the X-ray emission (61% of the counts from within one
effective radius) into 90 point sources, of which ~80 are low mass X-ray
binaries (LMXBs) associated with this galaxy. The dominance of LMXBs indicates
that X-ray faint early-type galaxies have lost much of their interstellar gas.
On the other hand, a modest portion of the X-ray emission from NGC 4697 is due
to hot gas. The X-ray emitting gas in NGC 4697 has a rather low temperature (kT
= 0.29 keV). The emission from the gas is very extended, with a much flatter
surface brightness profile than the optical light, and has an irregular,
L-shaped morphology. X-ray spectra of the resolved sources and diffuse emission
show that the soft X-ray spectral component, found in this and other X-ray
faint ellipticals with {\it ROSAT}, is due to interstellar gas. The cumulative
LMXB spectrum is well-fit by thermal bremsstrahlung at kT = 8.1 keV, without a
significant soft component. Three of the resolved sources in NGC 4697 are
supersoft sources. In the outer regions of NGC 4697, seven of the LMXBs (about
20%) are coincident with candidate globular clusters, which indicates that
globulars have a high probability of containing X-ray binaries compared to the
normal stellar population. The luminosity function of the LMXBs has a ``knee''
at 3.2 x 10^38 ergs/s, which is approximately the Eddington luminosity of a 1.4
Msun neutron star (NS). This knee appears to be a characteristic feature of the
LMXB population of early-type galaxies, and we argue that it separates black
hole and NS binaries. This characteristic luminosity could be used as a
distance estimator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40879 </DOCNO>
Superbunch Hadron Colliders


  A novel concept of a high luminosity hadron collider is proposed. This would
be a typical application of an induction synchrotron being newly developed.
Extremely long bunches, referred to as superbunches, are generated by a multi-
bunch stacking method employing barrier buckets at the injection into the
collider, and are accelerated to the collider energy with an step-voltage
induced in the induction gaps. Superbunches intersect with each other, yielding
a luminosity of more than $10^{35} /cm^2/sec$. A combination of vertical
crossing and horizontal crossing can be used in order to avoid any significant
beam-beam tune shift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96131 </DOCNO>
The absolute definition of the phase-shift in potential scattering


  The variable phase approach to potential scattering with regular spherically
symmetric potentials satisfying (\ref{1e}), and studied by Calogero in his
book$^{5}$, is revisited, and we show directly that it gives the absolute
definition of the phase-shifts, i.e. the one which defines $\delta_{\ell}(k)$
as a continuous function of $k$ for all $k \geq 0$, up to infinity, where
$\delta_{\ell}(\infty)=0$ is automatically satisfied. This removes the usual
ambiguity $\pm n \pi$, $n$ integer, attached to the definition of the
phase-shifts through the partial wave scattering amplitudes obtained from the
Lippmann-Schwinger integral equation, or via the phase of the Jost functions.
It is then shown rigorously, and also on several examples, that this definition
of the phase-shifts is very general, and applies as well to all potentials
which have a strong repulsive singularity at the origin, for instance those
which behave like $gr^{-m}$, $g > 0$, $m \geq 2$, etc. We also give an example
of application to the low-energy behaviour of the $S$-wave scattering amplitude
in two dimensions, which leads to an interesting result.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123485 </DOCNO>
Oscillation power as a diagnostic tool for stellar turbulent spectra


  Recent observations and theoretical studies support the theory that
solar-type oscillations are intrinsically stable but excited stochastically by
the turbulent convection in the outer layers of the star. The acoustic noise
generated by the convective motion depends on the details of the turbulent
energy spectrum. In this paper we present a general formulation for the
acoustic noise generation rate based on previous works by other authors. In
this general formulation any model for the spatial turbulent energy spectrum
and for the turbulent time spectrum can be assumed. We compute acoustic power
spectra and oscillation amplitudes of radial oscillations for models of the Sun
and Procyon A. The results are compared with recent observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87202 </DOCNO>
A Non-Metric Approach to Space, Time and Gravitation


  In this thesis a non-standard geometric framework, the "quasi-metric"
framework (QMF), is used to define relativistic space-time. The QMF consists of
a 4-dimensional space-time manifold equipped with a one-parameter family of
Lorentzian 4-metrics parameterized by a (unique) global time function.
Equivalently the QMF may be described as a 4-dimensional submanifold of a
5-dimensional product manifold equipped with a degenerate metric, where the
global time function represents one extra degenerate time dimension. A unique,
symmetric and linear connection compatible with the non-degenerate piece of the
degenerate metric is defined, yielding equations of motion. These equations are
in general different from the geodesic equation. The role of the degenerate
dimension is to describe global scale changes between gravitational and
non-gravitational systems. In particular this yields an alternative description
of the expansion of the Universe. In this thesis a quasi-metric theory of
gravity is constructed. The field equations have only one dynamical degree of
freedom coupled explicitly to matter, but there is also a second, implicit
dynamical degree of freedom. The existence of an implicit coupling makes the
field equations unsuitable for a standard PPN-analysis. This implies that the
experimental status of the theory is not completely clear at this point in
time. But the non-metric part of the theory may be tested rather independently.
That is, the theory predicts that gravitationally bound systems expand like the
expansion of the Universe. Several independent observations confirm this; e.g.
the "Pioneer effect", the spin-down of the Earth, palaeo-tidal records etc.
Thus quasi-metric relativity has experimental support where metric theories in
general (and General Relativity in particular) fail.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129063 </DOCNO>
ASCA Observation of the Nearest Gravitational Lensing Cluster Candidate


  We observed the nearest gravitational lensing cluster candidate, A 3408
(${\it z}=0.042$), with ASCA. The projected mass profile of A 3408 was
determined from the ICM temperature and the $\beta$-model parameters obtained
with ASCA, assuming that the hot gas is spherically symmetric and in
hydrostatic equilibrium. The projected mass within an arc radius, $r_{\rm
arc}$, of 110 kpc is $M(r_{\rm arc})=1.2^{+0.8}_{-0.4} \times10^{13} \MO$. This
is 18 -- 45% of the mass previously derived from a lensing analysis by
Campusano et al. (1998, AAA 069.160.189) without any X-ray information.
  The primary cause of this discrepancy is in their assumption that the center
of the cluster potential coincides with the position of the brightest cluster
galaxy (BCG), while we reveal the BCG position to be 60$''$ outside of the
X-ray center. We further calculated a model for the source galaxy position and
the gravitational potential that can reproduce both the X-ray data and the arc
image. In this model, the magnification factor of the lens for the source
galaxy was evaluated to be ${\Delta}m=$ 0.07$\pm$0.03 mag; i.e., the source
galaxy is slightly magnified by the lens cluster A 3408.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127255 </DOCNO>
Phase-resolved Crab Studies with a Cryogenic TES Spectrophotometer


  We are developing time- and energy-resolved near-IR/optical/UV photon
detectors based on sharp superconducting-normal transition edges in thin films.
We report observations of the Crab pulsar made during prototype testing at the
McDonald 2.7m telescope with a fiber-coupled transition-edge sensor (TES)
system. These data show substantial (d[alpha]~0.3), rapid variations in the
spectral index through the pulse profile, with a strong phase-varying IR break
across our energy band. These variations correlate with X-ray spectral
variations, but no single synchrotron population can account for the full
Spectral Energy Distribution (SED). We also describe test
spectrophotopolarimetry observations probing the energy dependence of the
polarization sweep; this may provide a new key to understanding the radiating
particle population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74586 </DOCNO>
Anisotropic $e^+ e^-$ pressure due to the QED effect in strong magnetic


  We study the equation of state of electron in strong magnetic fields which
are greater than the critical value $B_c \simeq 4.4 \times 10^{13}$ Gauss. We
find that such a strong magnetic field induces the anisotropic pressure of
electron. We apply the result to the neutrino-driven wind in core-collapse
supernovae and find that it can produce large entropy per baryon, $S \sim 400
k_B$. This mechanism might successfully account for the production of the heavy
nuclei with mass numbers A = 80 -- 250 through the r-process nucleosynthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2823 </DOCNO>
Lattice study of the simplified model of M-theory


  Lattice discretization of the supersymmetric Yang-Mills quantum mechanics is
reviewed and results of the Monte Carlo simulations of the simplified model are
presented. The D=4, N=2, quenched system, studied at finite temperature,
reveals existence of the two distinct regions which may correspond to a black
hole and the elementary 0-branes phases of the M-theory conjectured in the
literature. New results for higher gauge groups N < 9 lead to the similar
picture, however the nature of the transition between the two phases and its
precise scaling with N is yet unresolved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5428 </DOCNO>
Fractal fluctuations in quantum integrable scattering


  We theoretically and numerically demonstrate that completely integrable
scattering processes may exhibit fractal transmission fluctuations, due to
typical spectral properties of integrable systems.
 Similar properties also occur with scattering processes in the presence of
strong dynamical localization, thus explaining recent numerical observations of
fractality in the latter class of systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124823 </DOCNO>
Unified Model Photospheres for Ultracool Dwarfs of the Types L and T


  We show that the two groups of ultracool dwarfs classified as L and T types
can be understood as a temperature effect in a unique sequence of the model
photospheres in which dust always exists but only in the restricted region deep
in the photosphere. Under the high density of the photospheres of cool dwarfs,
dust forms easily at the condensation temperature T_cond (about 2000 K), but
the dust will soon grow larger than the critical radius r_cr at the critical
temperature T_cr (about 1800 K). The large dust grains with r > r_cr will soon
segregate from the gas and precipitate below the photosphere. For this reason,
dust exists only in the limited region of T_cr < T < T_cond in the photo-
sphere which we referred to as an active dust zone, and this means that a cloud
layer is formed deep in the photosphere rather than in the cooler surface
region. With the simple assumption that only small dust grains (r < r_cr) can
be sustained in the photosphere, a self- consistent non-grey model photosphere
in radiative-convective equilibrium can be developed without any other ad-hoc
assumption. We show that the spectra and colours of L (the cloud layer appears
in the optically thin region) and T (the dust cloud is situated too deep to be
observable) dwarfs can consistently be reproduced by a single grid of our
unified model photospheres.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72762 </DOCNO>
Gluon depletion and J/psi suppression in pA collisions


  The gluon distribution of a nucleon propagating through a nucleus can change
depending on how far the penetration depth is. It is a nonperturbative process
that we describe by an evolution equation. The kernel of the integral equation
is to be determined by a phenomenological study of J/psi suppression in pA
collision. The data of E866 on alpha(x_F) shows significant dependence on x_F
at large x_F. It presents a feature that has not been explained by any hadronic
absorption model. We show that gluon depletion is a simple mechanism that can
account for it. The result has far-reaching implications on the role of partons
in nuclear collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84007 </DOCNO>
Distributed Computing for Localized and Multilayer Visualizations


  The aim of this paper is to develop an approach to visualizations that
benefits from distributed computing. Three schemes of process distribution are
considered: parallel, pipeline, and expanding pipeline computations. Expanding
pipeline structure synthesizes the advantages and traits of both parallel and
pipeline computations. In expanding pipeline computing, a novel approach
presented in this paper, a multiplicity of processes are concurrently developed
in parallel and knotted processor pipelines. The theoretical foundations for
expanding pipeline computing as a computational process are in the domains of
alternating Turing machines, molecular computing, and E-machines. Expanding
pipeline computing constitutes the development of the conventional pipeline
architecture aimed at utilization of implicit parallel structures existing in
algorithms. Such structures appear in various kinds of visualization. Image
deriving and processing is a field that provides diverse opportunities for
utilization of the advantages of distributed computing. The most relevant to
the distributed architecture is stratified visualization with its two cases
based on data localization and layer separation. Visualization is treated here
as a special case of simulation. The conceptual approach to distributed
computing developed in this paper have been applied to visualization in a
computer support system, which is utilized in radiology and namely, for the
noninvasive treatment of brain aneurysms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169472 </DOCNO>
Probability and Nonlocality in Many Minds Interpretations of Quantum


  We argue that a certain type of many minds (and many worlds) interpretations
of quantum mechanics due to Lockwood (and Deutsch) do not provide a coherent
interpretation of the quantum mechanical probabilistic algorithm. By contrast,
in Albert and Loewer's version of the many minds interpretation there is a
coherent interpretation of the quantum mechanical probabilities. We consider
Albert and Loewer's probability interpretation in the context of Bell-type and
GHZ-type states and argue that it exhibits a certain form of nonlocality which
is, however, much weaker than Bell's nonlocality.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75362 </DOCNO>
Local Discrete Symmetry in the Brane Neighborhood


  With the ansatz that there exist local or global discrete symmetries in the
special branes' neighborhoods, we can construct the extra dimension models with
only zero modes, or the models which have large extra dimensions and
arbitrarily heavy KK modes because there is no simple relation between the mass
scales of extra dimensions and the masses of KK states. In addition, the bulk
gauge symmetry and supersymmetry can be broken on the special branes for all
the modes, and in the bulk for the zero modes by local and global discrete
symmetries. To be explicit, we discuss the supersymmetric SU(5) model on
$M^4\times S^1/Z_2$ in which there is a local $Z_2'$ symmetry in the special
3-brane neighborhood along the fifth dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127532 </DOCNO>
X-ray Spectra and Light Curves of AR Lac: Temperature Structure,


  We observed AR Lac, an eclipsing RS CVn binary star, with the Chandra High
Energy Grating Spectrometer for a total of 100 ks divided into six intervals
covering both quadratures and eclipses. We repeated observations at each phase.
At least two flares were seen, in which the flux increased by factors of two
and four. The flares occurred near eclipse phases and compromised detection of
eclipse modulation. The quadrature fluxes were the most stable, but they also
show non-repeating trends. Quadrature line profiles are broadened relative to
eclipse profiles, presumably due to orbital velocity Doppler shifted emission
from each binary component. The spectrum appears to be iron poor and neon rich,
similar to HR 1099, but not as extreme as II Pegasi. We will examine line
strengths, widths, and positions vs. phase, and present preliminary
differential emission measure models and abundance determinations using the
APED emissivity database.
  This work is supported by NASA contract NAS8-38249 (HETG) and SAO SV1-61010
(CXC) to MIT.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124820 </DOCNO>
The interaction of radio sources and cooling flows


  The X-ray emission in many clusters of galaxies shows a central peak in
surface brightness coincident with a drop in temperature. These characterize a
cooling flow. There is often a radio source also at the centre of such regions.
Data from Chandra now enables us to map the interaction between the radio
source and the intracluster medium. Preliminary work shows no sign of heating
of the gas beyond the radio lobes, which are often devoid of cooler gas and so
appear as holes. In the case of the Perseus cluster around 3C84, the coolest
X-ray emitting gas occurs immediately around the inner radio lobes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73444 </DOCNO>
Analytic Approximations for Three Neutrino Oscillation Parameters and


  The corrections to neutrino mixing parameters in the presence of matter of
constant density are calculated systematically as series expansions in terms of
the mass hierarchy $\dm{21}/\dm{31}$. The parameter mapping obtained is then
used to find simple, but nevertheless accurate formulas for oscillation
probabibilities in matter including CP-effects. Expressions with one to one
correspondence to the vacuum case are derived, which are valid for neutrino
energies above the solar resonance energy. Two applications are given to show
that these results are a useful and powerful tool for analytical studies of
neutrino beams passing through the Earth mantle or core: First, the
``disentanglement problem'' of matter and CP-effects in the CP-asymmetry is
discussed and second, estimations of the statistical sensitivity to the
CP-terms of the oscillation probabilities in neutrino factory experiments are
presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1692 </DOCNO>
Creating vortex rings and three-dimensional skyrmions in Bose-Einstein


  We propose a method of generating a vortex ring in a Bose-Einstein condensate
by means of electromagnetically-induced atomic transitions. Some remnant
population of atoms in a second internal state remains within the toroidal trap
formed by the mean field repulsion of the vortex ring. This population can be
removed, or it can be made to flow around the torus (i.e. within the vortex
ring). If this flow has unit topological winding number, the entire structure
formed by the two condensates is an example of a three-dimensional skyrmion
texture.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81334 </DOCNO>
Thermodynamic properties of QCD with two flavors of Wilson-type lattice


  I report on a study of finite temperature QCD by the CP-PACS Collaboration
toward a precise determination of the equation of state with dynamical u,d
quarks. Based on a systematic simulation using improved Wilson-type quarks on
lattices with temporal size $N_t=4$ and 6, the energy density and pressure are
calculated as functions of temperature and renormalized light quark mass in the
range $T/T_c \approx 0.7$--2.5 and $m_{\rm PS}/m_{\rm V} = 0.65$--0.95. Results
for $N_t=4$ are found to contain significant scaling violations, while results
for $N_t=6$ are suggested to be not far from the continuum limit. On the other
hand, the quark mass dependence in the EOS turned out to be small for $m_{\rm
PS}/m_{\rm V} \simlt 0.8$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72598 </DOCNO>
Measuring the Higgs CP property at a Photon Linear Collider


  We study measurement of the CP property of the Higgs boson at a photon linear
collider. One method where we take advantage of interference between
Higgs-production and background amplitudes is proposed. A broad peak of the
photon energy spectrum is helpful in observing the energy dependence of the
interference effects. Numerical results for the process $\gamma \gamma \to t
\bar{t}$ are shown as an example.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149831 </DOCNO>
Renormalized Poincar\'e algebra for effective particles in quantum field


  Using an expansion in powers of an infinitesimally small coupling constant
$g$, all generators of the Poincar\'e group in local scalar quantum field
theory with interaction term $g \phi^3$ are expressed in terms of annihilation
and creation operators $a_\lambda$ and $a^\dagger_\lambda$ that result from a
boost-invariant renormalization group procedure for effective particles. The
group parameter $\lambda$ is equal to the momentum-space width of form factors
that appear in vertices of the effective-particle Hamiltonians, $H_\lambda$. It
is verified for terms order 1, $g$, and $g^2$, that the calculated generators
satisfy required commutation relations for arbitrary values of $\lambda$.
One-particle eigenstates of $H_\lambda$ are shown to properly transform under
all Poincar\'e transformations. The transformations are obtained by
exponentiating the calculated algebra. From a phenomenological point of view,
this study is a prerequisite to construction of observables such as spin and
angular momentum of hadrons in quantum chromodynamics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128024 </DOCNO>
2-point Correlation Function of HI-selected Galaxies


  The 2-point spatial correlation function (CF), $\xi(s)$, has been used to
study the clustering of the galaxies in the preliminary version of the HIPASS
Bright Galaxy Catalogue (HIPASS BGC), which includes the 1,000 HI brightest
galaxies in the Southern sky. This is the first time the CF has been used to
analyse an HI-selected sample. The CF is well described by a power law,
$\xi(s)\sim(s/s_0)^{-\gamma}$, with slope $\gamma\sim1.7$ and correlation
length $s_0\sim3.55$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc using Peebles estimator. However, when the
Hamilton estimator is used, the CF is fit with $\gamma\sim2.19$ and
$s_0\sim3.37$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc. Note that, these HI-selected galaxies show less
clustering than optically-selected surveys which have a correlation length
$s_0\sim$ 5.5 $h^{-1}$ Mpc or larger.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126846 </DOCNO>
Blue Stragglers, Young White Dwarfs and UV-excess stars in the core of


  We used a set of archived HST/WFPC2 images to probe the stellar population in
the core of the nearby Galactic Globular Cluster (GGC) 47 Tuc. From the
ultraviolet (UV) Color Magnitude Diagrams (CMDs) obtained for ~4,000 stars
detected within the Planetary Camera (PC) field of view we have pinpointed a
number of interesting objects:
  (i) 43 blue stragglers stars (BSSs) including 20 new candidates;
  (ii) 12 bright (young) cooling white dwarfs (WDs) at the extreme blue region
of the UV-CMD; (iii) a large population of UV-excess (UVE) stars, lying between
the BSS and the WD sequences. The WD candidates identified here define a clean
pattern in the CMD, which define the WD cooling sequence. Moreover, both the
location on the UV-CMDs and the number of WDs are in excellent agreement with
the theoretical expectations. The UVE stars discovered here represent the
largest population of anomalous blue objects ever observed in a globular
cluster -- if the existence of such a large population is confirmed, we have
finally found the long-searched population of interacting binaries predicted by
the theory. Finally, we have investigated the feasibility of the optical
identification of the companions of the binary X-ray sources recently detected
by CHANDRA and of binary millisecond pulsars (MSPs) residing in the core of
47 Tuc. Unfortunately, the extreme faintness expected for the MSP companions
together with the huge stellar crowding in the cluster center prevent
statistically reliable identifications based only on positional coincidences.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 839 </DOCNO>
Quantum measurement as driven phase transition: An exactly solvable


  A model of quantum measurement is proposed, which aims to describe
statistical mechanical aspects of this phenomenon, starting from a purely
Hamiltonian formulation. The macroscopic measurement apparatus is modeled as an
ideal Bose gas, the order parameter of which, that is, the amplitude of the
condensate, is the pointer variable. It is shown that properties of
irreversibility and ergodicity breaking, which are inherent in the model
apparatus, ensure the appearance of definite results of the measurement, and
provide a dynamical realization of wave-function reduction or collapse. The
measurement process takes place in two steps: First, the reduction of the state
of the tested system occurs over a time of order $\hbar/(TN^{1/4})$, where $T$
is the temperature of the apparatus, and $N$ is the number of its degrees of
freedom. This decoherence process is governed by the apparatus-system
interaction. During the second step classical correlations are established
between the apparatus and the tested system over the much longer time-scale of
equilibration of the apparatus. The influence of the parameters of the model on
non-ideality of the measurement is discussed. Schr\"{o}dinger kittens, EPR
setups and information transfer are analyzed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124233 </DOCNO>
An abundance analysis for four Red Horizontal Branch Stars in the


  We present the results of the first analysis of high dispersion spectra of
four red HB stars in the metal rich globular cluster NGC 6528, located in
Baade's Window. We find that the mean [Fe/H] for NGC 6528 is +0.07+-0.01 dex
(error of the mean), with a star-to-star scatter of sigma = 0.02 dex (4 stars),
although the total error is likely to be larger (~0.1 dex) due to systematic
errors related to the effective temperature scale and to model atmospheres.
This metallicity is somewhat larger than both the mean abundance in the
galactic bulge found by McWilliam & Rich (1994) and that found in our previous
paper for NGC 6553. However, we find that the spectra of clump stars in NGC
6528 and NGC 6553 are very similar each other, the slightly different metal
abundances found being possibly due to the different atmospheric parameters
adopted in the two analyses. For NGC 6528 we find excesses for the
alpha-process elements Si and Ca ([Si/Fe]=+0.4 and [Ca/Fe]=+0.2), whereas Mn is
found to be underabundant ([Mn/Fe]=-0.4). We find a solar abundance of O;
however this is somewhat uncertain due to the dependence of the O abundance on
the adopted atmospheric parameters and to coupling between C and O abundances
in these cool, metal-rich stars. Finally, we find large Na excesses ([Na/Fe]~
+0.4) in all stars examined. Since the present analysis is based on higher
quality material, we propose to revise our previous published metal abundance
for NGC 6553 to [Fe/H]=$0.06+-0.15.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73852 </DOCNO>
Constraints on lepton flavor violation in the MSSM from the muon


  We establish a correspondence between those Feynman diagrams in the MSSM
which give supersymmetric contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment
and those which contribute to the flavor violating processes $\mu --> e\gamma$
and $\tau --> \mu\gamma$. Using current experimental limits on the branching
ratios of these decay modes, combined with the assumption of a supersymmetric
contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, we establish bounds on the
size of the lepton flavor violating soft masses in the MSSM largely independent
of assumptions about other supersymmetric parameters. If the deviation measured
at Brookhaven National Laboratory is from supersymmetry, we find the bounds
${m^2}_{e \mu}/ {{\bar{m}}^2} \lsim 2 \times 10^{-4}$ and ${m^2}_{\tau \mu}/
{{\bar{m}}^2} \lsim 1 \times 10^{-1}$, where ${\bar{m}}^2$ is the mass of the
heaviest particle in any loop that contributes at this level to the anomalous
magnetic moment of the muon. This provides a significant constraint on the
non-flavor-blind mediation of supersymmetry breaking that often occurs at a
suppressed level in many models, including gaugino mediation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126053 </DOCNO>
Fourier Analysis of Gamma-Ray Burst Light Curves: Searching for Direct


  We study the power density spectrum (PDS) of light curves of the observed
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to search for a direct signature for cosmological time
dilation in the PDS statistics with the GRBs whose redshifts $z$'s are known.
The anticorrelation of a timescale measure and a brightness measure is indirect
evidence of its effect. On the other hand, we directly demonstrate that a time
dilation effect can be seen in GRB light curves. We find that timescales tend
to be shorter in bursts with small redshift, as expected from cosmological
time-dilation effects, and we also find that there may be non-cosmological
effects constituting to this correlation. We discuss its implication on
interpretations of the PDS analysis results. We put forward another caution to
this kind of analysis when we statistically exercise with GRBs whose $z$ is
unknown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76297 </DOCNO>
Decoherence, instantons, and cosmological horizons


  We consider the possibility that tunneling in a degenerate double-well
potential in de Sitter spacetime leads to coherent oscillations of quantum
probability to find the system in a given well. We concentrate on the case when
the mass scale of the potential is much larger than the Hubble parameter and
present a procedure for analytical continuation of the ``time''-dependent
instantons, which allows us to study the subsequent real-time evolution. We
find that the presence of the de Sitter horizon makes tunneling completely
incoherent and calculate the decoherence time. We discuss the difference
between this case and the case of a $\theta$-vacuum, when tunneling in de
Sitter spacetime preserves quantum coherence.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113401 </DOCNO>
Consequences of a Quantized Spacetime Model


  A recent extended particle model is discussed, which lead to some interesting
consequences in cosmology, neutrino astrophysics and low dimensional and low
temperature statistics, some of which have since been verified.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127209 </DOCNO>
Hubble Space Telescope WFPC-2 Imaging of Cassiopeia A


  The young SNR Cassiopeia A was imaged with WFPC-2 through four filters
selected to capture the complete velocity range of the remnant's main shell in
several important emission lines. Primary lines detected were [O III]
4959,5007, [N II] 6583, [S II] 6716,6731 + [O II] 7319,7330 + [O I] 6300,6364,
and [S III] 9069,9532. About 3/4th of the remnant's main shell was imaged in
all four filters. Considerable detail is observed in the reverse-shocked ejecta
with typical knot scale lengths of 0.2"-0.4" (1 - 2 x 10^16 cm). Both bright
and faint emission features appear highly clumped. Large differences in [S III]
and [O III] line intensities indicating chemical abundance differences are also
seen, particularly in knots located along the bright northern limb and near the
base of the northeast jet. A line of curved overlapping filament in the
remnant's northwestern rim appears to mark the location of the remnant's
reverse shock front in this region. Finger-like ejecta structures elsewhere
suggest cases where the reverse shock front is encountering the remnant's
clumped ejecta. Narrow-band [N II] images of the remnant's circumstellar knots
("QSFs") reveal them to be 0.1"-0.6" thick knots and filaments, often with
diffuse edges facing away from the center of expansion. Three color composite
images of the whole remnant and certain sections along with individual filter
enlargements of selected regions of the bright optical shell are presented and
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6080 </DOCNO>
Finite viscoelasticity of filled rubbers: the effects of pre-loading and


  Constitutive equations are derived for the viscoelastic behavior of filled
elastomers at isothermal loading with finite strains. A particle-reinforced
rubber is thought of as a composite where regions with low concentrations of
junctions between chains are randomly distributed in the bulk material. The
onset of these inclusions is associated with the inhomogeneity in spatial
distribution of a cross-linker during the mixing process. With reference to the
theory of transient networks, the time-dependent response of an elastomer is
modelled as thermally activated processes of breakage and reformation of chains
in domains with low concentrations of junctions, whereas junctions in the bulk
medium are treated as permanent. Stress-strain relations are developed by using
the laws of thermodynamics. Adjustable parameters in the constitutive equations
are found by fitting experimental data in tensile relaxation tests for several
grades of unfilled and carbon black filled natural rubber. It is demonstrated
that (i) the average relaxation time noticeably grows with the elongation
ratio, which is explained by mechanically-induced crystallization of strands,
and (ii) the relaxation spectrum of a filled elastomer is not affected by
mechanical pre-loading and thermal recovery at elevated temperatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95575 </DOCNO>
The dual braid monoid


  We construct a new monoid structure for Artin groups associated with finite
Coxeter systems. This monoid shares with the classical positive braid monoid a
crucial algebraic property: it is a Garside monoid. The analogy with the
classical construction indicates there is a ``dual'' way of studying Coxeter
systems, where the pair (W,S) is replaced by (W,T), with T the set of all
reflections. In the type A case, we recover the monoid constructed by
Birman-Ko-Lee

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149809 </DOCNO>
Brans-Dicke wormhole and space-time foam


  We introduce, by means of the Brans-Dicke scalar field, space-time
fluctuations at scale comparable to Planck length near the event horizon of a
black hole and examine their dramatic effects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125410 </DOCNO>
ISO/SWS observations of SN 1987A: II. A refined upper limit on the mass


  ISO/SWS observations of SN 1987A on day 3425 show no emission in [Fe I] 24.05
microns and [Fe II] 25.99 microns down to the limits of roughly 0.39 Jy and
0.64 Jy, respectively. Assuming a homogeneous distribution of Ti-44 inside 2000
km/s and negligible dust cooling, we have made time dependent theoretical
models to estimate an upper limit on the mass of ejected Ti-44. Assessing
various uncertainties of the model, and checking the late optical emission it
predicts, we obtain an upper limit of 1.1EE-4 solar masses. This is lower than
in our previous estimate using other ISO data, and we compare our new result
with other models for the late emission, as well as with expected yields from
explosion models. We also show that steady-state models for the optical
emission are likely to overestimate the mass of ejected Ti-44. The low limit we
find for the mass of ejected Ti-44 could be higher if dust cooling is
important. A direct check on this is provided by the gamma-ray emission at
1.157 Mev as a result of the radioactive decay of Ti-44.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86830 </DOCNO>
Lectures on Quantum Cosmology


  The problems encountered in trying to quantize the various cosmological
models, are brought forward by means of a concrete example. The Automorphism
groups are revealed as the key element through which G.C.T.'s can be used for a
general treatment of these problems. At the classical level, the time dependent
automorphisms lead to significant simplifications of the line element for the
generic spatially homogeneous geometry, without loss of generality. At the
quantum level, the ''frozen'' automorphisms entail an important reduction of
the configuration space --spanned by the 6 components of the scale factor
matrix-- on which the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, is to be based. In this spirit
the canonical quantization of the most general minisuperspace actions --i.e.
with all six scale factor as well as the lapse function and the shift vector
present-- describing the vacuum type II, I geometries, is considered. The
reduction to the corresponding physical degrees of freedom is achieved through
the usage of the linear constraints as well as the quantum version of the
entire set of all classical integrals of motion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6502 </DOCNO>
Phonons of Metallic Vicinal Surfaces


  We present an analysis of the vibrational dynamics of metal vicinal surfaces
using the embedded atom method to describe the interaction potential and both a
real space Green's function method and a slab method to calculate the phonons.
 We report two main general characteristics : a global shift of the surface
vibrational density of states resulting from a softening of the force field.
The latter is a direct result of the reduction of coordination for the
different type of surface atoms; and an appearance of high frequency modes
above the bulk band, resulting from a stiffening of the force field near the
step atom. The latter is due to a rearrangement of the atomic positions during
the relaxation of the surface atoms yielding a large shortening of the nearest
neighbor distances near the step atoms.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3364 </DOCNO>
Superstructures at low spin - high spin transitions


  In many transition metal compounds, in particular those containing Fe^2+ and
Co^3+, there occur spin-state transitions between low-spin and high-spin (or
intermediate-spin) states. We show that typical interactions between similar
spin-state ions are short-range repulsion, and long-range interaction which can
have a different sign depending on the elastic anisotropy of the lattice and on
the direction between respective ions. Due to such character of effective
interactions there may occur at spin-state transitions different
superstructures - ordered arrangement of different spin-states, which in
particular may have the form of stripes. The properties of the system TlSr2CoO5
for which such a superstructure was recently observed experimentally, are
discussed from this point of view.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2198 </DOCNO>
Localization, Coulomb interaction, topological principles and the


  We report the consequences of a new interaction symmetry that protects the
renormalization of the electron gas in low dimensions in general, and in the
quantum Hall regime in particular. We introduce a generalized Thouless'
criterion for localization to include the effects of the Coulomb interaction
and establish the quantization of the Hall conductance as well as the theory of
massless edge bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 548 </DOCNO>
Nematic-Wetted Colloids in the Isotropic Phase: Pairwise Interaction,


  We calculate the interaction between two spherical colloidal particles
embedded in the isotropic phase of a nematogenic liquid. The surface of the
particles induces wetting nematic coronas that mediate an elastic interaction.
In the weak wetting regime, we obtain exact results for the interaction energy
and the texture, showing that defects and biaxiality arise, although they are
not topologically required. We evidence rich behaviors, including the
possibility of reversible colloidal aggregation and dispersion. Complex
anisotropic self-assembled phases might be formed in dense suspensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41618 </DOCNO>
Structure Functions of Unstable Lithium Isotopes


  We study both the spin-average and spin-dependent structure functions of the
lithium isotopes, $^{6-11}$Li, which could be measured at RIKEN and other
nuclear facilities in the future. It is found that the light-cone momentum
distribution of the valence neutron in the halo of $^{11}$Li is very sharp and
symmetric around y = 1, because of the weak binding. The EMC ratios for Li
isotopes are then calculated. We study the possibility of extracting the
neutron structure function from data for the nuclear structure functions of the
Li isotopes. Next we calculate the spin-dependent structure functions of
$^{7,9,11}$Li isotopes, which have spin of 3/2. The effect of the nuclear
binding and Fermi motion on the multipole spin structure function,
$^{3/2}_{~1}g_1$, is about 10% in the region x < 0.7, but it becomes quite
important at large x. The spin structure function of $^{3/2}_{~3}g_1$ is also
investigated. Finally, we discuss the modification of the Gottfried and Bjorken
integrals in a nuclear medium and point out several candidates for a pair of
mirror nuclei to study the flavor-nonsinglet quark distributions in nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72559 </DOCNO>
Deep Inelastic Scattering of Leptons and Hadrons in the QCD Parton Model


  We present the basic aspects of deep inelastic phenomena in the framework of
the QCD parton model. After recalling briefly the standard kinematics, we
discuss the physical interpretation of unpolarized and polarized structure
functions in terms of parton distributions together with several important sum
rules. We also make a rapid survey of the experimental situation together with
phenomenological tests, in particular concerning various QCD predictions. In
the summary, we try to identify some significant open questions, to clarify
where we stand and to see what we expect to learn in the future.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97340 </DOCNO>
Representations of reflection algebras


  We study a class of algebras B(n,l) associated with integrable models with
boundaries. These algebras can be identified with coideal subalgebras in the
Yangian for gl(n). We construct an analog of the quantum determinant and show
that its coefficients generate the center of B(n,l). We develop an analog of
Drinfeld's highest weight theory for these algebras and give a complete
description of their finite-dimensional irreducible representations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96032 </DOCNO>
Polynomial Mappings mod p^n


  Let f(x) be a polynomial with integer coefficients, let n be a positive
integer, and let p be an odd prime. Then the mapping x-->f(x) sends Z/p^n into
Z/p^n. We study the topological structure of this mapping.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75994 </DOCNO>
Anomalies in orbifold field theories


  We study the constraints on models with extra dimensions arising from local
anomaly cancellation. We consider a five-dimensional field theory with a U(1)
gauge field and a charged fermion, compactified on the orbifold S^1/(Z_2 x
Z_2'). We show that, even if the orbifold projections remove both fermionic
zero modes, there are gauge anomalies localized at the fixed points. Anomalies
naively cancel after integration over the fifth dimension, but gauge invariance
is broken, spoiling the consistency of the theory. We discuss the implications
for realistic supersymmetric models with a single Higgs hypermultiplet in the
bulk, and possible cancellation mechanisms in non-minimal models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148419 </DOCNO>
ADE-Quiver Theories and Mirror Symmetry


  We show that the Higgs branch of a four-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, with
gauge and matter content summarised by an ADE quiver diagram, is identical to
the generalised Coulomb branch of a four-dimensional superconformal strongly
coupled gauge theory with ADE global symmetry. This equivalence suggests the
existence of a mirror symmetry between the quiver theories and the strongly
coupled theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128633 </DOCNO>
A Multiwavelength Study of Stephan's Quintet


  Stephan's Quintet (SQ) is a compact group that we find in an atypical moment
when a high velocity intruder is passing through it. The intrusion is
particularly interesting because a previous intruder had stripped most of the
gas from the group members. This debris field was shocked in the ongoing
collision with the new intruder. This evolutionary history agrees well with
observations and explains how a strongly interacting system can show low levels
of star formation. We present new multiwavelength data including previously
unpublished ROSAT
 X-ray, Ha interference filter/FP, ISO MIR/FIR and radio line and continuum
images. These observations and previously published data provide new insights
as well as support for some previous hypotheses. 1) FP and HI velocities allow
us to unambiguously distinguish between gas associated with SQ and the new
intruder.
 2) Most detected emission regions are found in the remnant
 ISM of the NI which allows us to infer its size and present physical state. 3)
The few emission regions associated with the stripped ISM of
 SQ include the best candidate tidal dwarf galaxy. 4) Multiwavelength data
suggest that strong MIR/FIR emission from the Seyfert 2 nucleus of
 NGC7319 comes from dust heated directly by a power-law continuum rather than a
starburst. 5) The correspondance between extended X-ray/radio
continuum/forbidden optical emission confirms the existence of a large scale
shock in SQ.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5338 </DOCNO>
Metal-insulator transition in 2D: the role of interactions and disorder


  We present a model for the metal-insulator transition in 2D, observed in the
recent years. Our starting point consists of two ingredients only, which are
ubiquitous in the experiments: Coulomb interactions and weak disorder
spin-orbit scattering (coming from the interfaces of the heterostructures in
question). In a diagramatic approach, we predict the existence of a
characteristic temperature $T_o=T_o(n,\omega_H)$, $n$ being the density of
carriers, and $\omega_H$ the Zeeman energy, below which these systems become
metallic. This is in very good agreement with experiments, and corroborates the
fact that varying $n$ and $\omega_H$ are equivalent ways into/out of the
metallic regime. The resistivity, calculated as a function of temperature and
$\om_H$ in the metallic state, compares favorably to experiment. Further, we
comment on the nature of the transition, and calculate the specific heat of the
system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114058 </DOCNO>
Querying Large Physics Data Sets Over an Information Grid


  Optimising use of the Web (WWW) for LHC data analysis is a complex problem
and illustrates the challenges arising from the integration of and computation
across massive amounts of information distributed worldwide. Finding the right
piece of information can, at times, be extremely time-consuming, if not
impossible. So-called Grids have been proposed to facilitate LHC computing and
many groups have embarked on studies of data replication, data migration and
networking philosophies. Other aspects such as the role of 'middleware' for
Grids are emerging as requiring research. This paper positions the need for
appropriate middleware that enables users to resolve physics queries across
massive data sets. It identifies the role of meta-data for query resolution and
the importance of Information Grids for high-energy physics analysis rather
than just Computational or Data Grids. This paper identifies software that is
being implemented at CERN to enable the querying of very large collaborating
HEP data-sets, initially being employed for the construction of CMS detectors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2241 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics methods and phase transitions in optimization


  Recently, it has been recognized that phase transitions play an important
role in the probabilistic analysis of combinatorial optimization problems.
However, there are in fact many other relations that lead to close ties between
computer science and statistical physics. This review aims at presenting the
tools and concepts designed by physicists to deal with optimization or decision
problems in an accessible language for computer scientists and mathematicians,
with no prerequisites in physics. We first introduce some elementary methods of
statistical mechanics and then progressively cover the tools appropriate for
disordered systems. In each case, we apply these methods to study the phase
transitions or the statistical properties of the optimal solutions in various
combinatorial problems. We cover in detail the Random Graph, the
Satisfiability, and the Traveling Salesman problems. References to the physics
literature on optimization are provided. We also give our perspective regarding
the interdisciplinary contribution of physics to computer science.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124945 </DOCNO>
Evolution in Binary and Triple Stars, with an application to SS Lac


  We present equations governing the way in which both the orbit and the
intrinsic spins of stars in a close binary should evolve subject to a number of
perturbing forces, including the effect of a third body in a possibly inclined
wider orbit. We illustrate the solutions in some binary-star and triple-star
situations: tidal friction in a wide but eccentric orbit of a radio pulsar
about a B star, the Darwin and eccentricity instabilities in a more massive but
shorter-period massive X-ray binary, and the interaction of tidal friction with
Kozai cycles in a triple such as Algol (beta-Per), at an early stage in that
star's life when all 3 components were ZAMS stars. We also attempt to model in
some detail the interesting triple system SS Lac, which stopped eclipsing in
about 1950. We find that our model of SS Lac is quite constrained by the
relatively good observational data of this system, and leads to a specific
inclination (29 deg) of the outer orbit relative to the inner orbit at epoch
zero (1912). Although the intrinsic spins of the stars have little effect on
the orbit, the converse is not true: the spin axes can vary their orientation
relative to the close binary by up to 120 deg on a timescale of about a
century.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75634 </DOCNO>
$\Theta$ vacua states in heavy ion collisions in presence of dissipation


  We have studied possible formation of $\Theta$ vacua states in heavy ion
collisions. Random phases of the chiral fields were evolved in a finite
temperature potential, incorporating the breaking of $U_A(1)$ symmetry. Initial
random phases very quickly settle into oscillation around the values dictated
by the potential. The simulation study indicate that an initial $\Theta$=0
state do not evolve into a $\Theta$ $\neq$ 0 state. However, an initial
$\Theta$ $\neq$ 0 state, if formed in heavy ion collision, can survive, as a
coherent superposition of a number of modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127218 </DOCNO>
Observational Constraints on the Self Interacting Dark Matter Scenario


  We consider the consequences of SIDM for a velocity dependent cross section
per unit mass. Accretion of SIDM onto seed black holes can produce supermassive
black holes that are too large for certain combinations of parameters,which is
used to obtain a new constraint on the dark matter interaction. Constraints due
to other considerations are presented and previous ones are generalized. The
black hole constraint is extremely sensitive to the slope \alpha, of the inner
density profile of dark halos. For the most probable value of \alpha=1.3, there
exists a narrow range in parameter space, such that all constraints are
satisfied. However, the adiabatic compression of the dark halo by baryons as
they cool and contract in normal galaxies yields a steeper cusp, \alpha=1.7.
This gives a tighter constraint, which would exclude SIDM as a possible
solution to the purported problems with CDM in the absence of other dynamical
processes. Nevertheless, SIDM with parameters consistent with this stronger
constraint, can explain the ubiquity of supermassive black holes in the centers
of galaxies. A ``best fit'' model is presented which reproduces the
supermassive black hole masses and their observed correlations with the
velocity dispersion of the host bulges. Specifically, the fourth power
dependence of black hole mass on velocity dispersion is a direct consequence of
the power spectrum having an index of n=-2. Although the dark matter collision
rates for this model are too small to directly remedy problems with CDM,
mergers between dark halos harboring supermassive black holes at high redshift
could ameliorate the cuspy halo problem. This scenario also explains the lack
of comparable supermassive black holes in bulgeless galaxies like M33.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1971 </DOCNO>
Numerical atomic orbitals for linear scaling


  The performance of basis sets made of numerical atomic orbitals is explored
in density-functional calculations of solids and molecules. With the aim of
optimizing basis quality while maintaining strict localization of the orbitals,
as needed for linear-scaling calculations, several schemes have been tried. The
best performance is obtained for the basis sets generated according to a new
scheme presented here, a flexibilization of previous proposals. The basis sets
are tested versus converged plane-wave calculations on a significant variety of
systems, including covalent, ionic and metallic. Satisfactory convergence
(deviations significantly smaller than the accuracy of the underlying theory)
is obtained for reasonably small basis sizes, with a clear improvement over
previous schemes. The transferability of the obtained basis sets is tested in
several cases and it is found to be satisfactory as well.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126 </DOCNO>
A single-particle path integral for composite fermions and the


  To study composite fermions around an even denominator fraction, we adapt the
phase space single-particle path integral technique for interacting electrons
in zero magnetic field developed recently by D.S. Golubev and A.D. Zaikin,
Phys. Rev. B {\bf 59}, 9195 (1999). This path integral description gives an
intuitive picture of composite fermion propagation very similar to the
Caldeira-Leggett treatment of a particle interacting with an external
environment. We use the new description to explain the origin of the famous
cancellation between the self-energy and the vertex corrections in
semi-classical transport measurements. The effective range of the cancellation
is given by the size of the propagating particle, which for the Coulomb
interaction scales with the temperature T as T^{-1/4} |log T|^{-1} in the
semi-classical limit. Using this scheme we find that the effective mass in the
semi-classical limit for composite fermions in GaAs is approximately 6 times
the bare mass.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76103 </DOCNO>
Solving the Schwinger-Dyson equation for a scalar propagator in


  The Schwinger-Dyson equation for a scalar propagator is solved in Minkowski
space with the help of an integral spectral representation, both for spacelike
and timelike momenta. The equation is re-written into a form suitable for
numerical solution by iterations. This procedure is described for a simple
unphysical Lagrangian with a cubic interaction, with future extensions to more
realistic theories in mind.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40766 </DOCNO>
Measuring Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations with Neutrino Telescopes


  Neutrino telescopes with large detection volumes can demonstrate that the
current indications of neutrino oscillation are correct or if a better
description can be achieved with non-standard alternatives. Observations of
contained muons produced by atmospheric neutrinos can better constrain the
allowed region for oscillations or determine the relevant parameters of
non-standard models. We analyze the possibility of neutrino telescopes
measuring atmospheric neutrino oscillations. We suggest adjustments to improve
this potential. An addition of four densely-instrumented strings to the AMANDA
II detector makes observations feasible. Such a configuration is competitive
with current and proposed experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76891 </DOCNO>
Pion pole contribution to hadronic light-by-light scattering and muon


  We derive an analytic result for the pion pole contribution to the
light-by-light scattering correction to the anomalous magnetic moment of the
muon, $a_\mu = (g_\mu-2)/2$. Using the vector meson dominance model (VMD) for
the pion transition form factor, we obtain $a_\mu^{{\rm LBL},\pi^0} = +56
\times 10^{-11}$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96759 </DOCNO>
A New Class of Elliptic Finite-Gap Densities of the Polar Operator and


  A new family of one- and two-gap elliptic densities of the polar operator has
been constructed by modifying the so-called "higher time approach" to
constructing finite-gap solutions of the Harry Dym equation. Auto-B\"{a}cklund
transformations of the obtained stationary solutions have been constructed and
their properties have been studied.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75444 </DOCNO>
Weak Boson Production Amplitude Zeros; Equalities of the Helicity


  We investigate the radiation amplitude zeros exhibited by many Standard Model
amplitudes for triple weak gauge boson production processes. We show that
$WZ\gamma$ production amplitudes have especially rich structure in terms of
zeros, these amplitudes have zeros originating from several different sources.
It is also shown that TYPE I current null zone is the special case of the
equality of the specific helicity amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149220 </DOCNO>
Gauge Invariance and Tachyon Condensation in Cubic Superstring Field


  The gauge invariance of cubic open superstring field theory is considered in
a framework of level truncation, and applications to the tachyon condensation
problem are discussed. As it is known, in the bosonic case the Feynman-Siegel
gauge is not universal within the level truncation method. We explore another
gauge that is more suitable for calculation of the tachyon potential for
fermionic string at level (2,6). We show that this new gauge has no
restrictions on the region of its validity at least at this level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125399 </DOCNO>
Central Structural Parameters of Early-Type Galaxies as Viewed with


  We present surface photometry for the central regions of a sample of 33
early-type (E, S0, and S0/a) galaxies observed at 1.6 microns (H band) using
the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We employ a new technique of two-dimensional
fitting to extract quantitative parameters for the bulge light distribution and
nuclear point sources, taking into consideration the effects of the
point-spread function. Parameterizing the bulge profile with a ``Nuker'' law,
we confirm that the central surface-brightness distributions largely fall into
two categories, each of which correlates with the global properties of the
galaxies. ``Core'' galaxies tend to be luminous ellipticals with boxy or pure
elliptical isophotes, whereas ``power-law'' galaxies are preferentially lower
luminosity systems with disky isophotes. Unlike most previous studies, however,
we do not find a clear gap in the distribution of inner cusp slopes; several
objects have inner cusp slopes (0.3 < gamma < 0.5) which straddle the regimes
conventionally defined for core and power-law type galaxies. The nature of
these intermediate objects is unclear. We draw attention to two objects in the
sample which appear to be promising cases of galaxies with isothermal cores
that are not the brightest members of a cluster. Unresolved nuclear point
sources are found in about 50% of the sample galaxies, roughly independent of
profile type, with magnitudes in the range m^{nuc}_H = 12.8 to 17.4 mag, which
correspond to M_H^{nuc} = -12.8 to -18.4 mag. (Abridged)

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76416 </DOCNO>
Chiral loops and VMD in the V->PPgamma decays


  We evaluate radiative decays of $\rho$ and $\omega$ going to two neutral
mesons, $\pi^{0} \pi^{0}$ and $\pi^{0} \eta$. We use the sequential vector
decay mechanisms in addition to chiral loops and $\rho$-$\omega$ mixing. The
chiral loops are obtained using elements of $U\chi PT$ successfully applied in
the study of meson-meson interactions up to 1.2 GeV. The chiral loops are found
very important in the case of the $\rho \to \pi^{0} \pi^{0} \gamma$ decay and
small in the other cases. A good agreement with present measurements of $\rho
\to \pi^{0} \pi^{0} \gamma$ and $\omega \to \pi^{0} \pi^{0}\gamma$ is obtained
and predictions are made for the other decays where the rates obtained are
rather small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148463 </DOCNO>
Quantum groups, q-dynamics and Rajaji


  We sketch briefly the essentials of the quantum groups and their application
to the dynamics of a q-deformed simple harmonic oscillator moving on a quantum
line, defined in the q-deformed cotangent (momentum phase) space. In this
endeavour, the quantum group $GL_{qp} (2)$- and the conventional rotational
invariances are respected together. During the course of this discussion, we
touch upon Rajaji's personality as a critical physicist and a bold and
adventurous man of mathematical physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2835 </DOCNO>
Generalized Fock Spaces and New Forms of Quantum Statistics


  Currently Gutzwiller projection technique and nested Bethe ansatz are two
main methods used to handle electronic systems in the $U$ infinity limit. We
demonstrate that these two approaches describe two distinct physical systems.
In the nested Bethe ansatz solutions, there is a decoupling between the spin
and charge degrees of freedom. Such a decoupling is absent in the Gutzwiller
projection technique. Whereas in the Gutzwiller approach, the usual
antisymmetry of space and spin coordinates is maintained, we show that the
Bethe ansatz wave function is compatible with a new form of quantum statistics,
viz., orthofermi statistics. In this statistics, the wave function is
antisymmetric in spatial coordinates alone. This feature ultimately leads to
spin-charge decoupling.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125935 </DOCNO>
Dusty winds: I. Self-similar solutions


  We address the dusty wind problem, from the point where dust formation has
been completed and outward. Given grain properties, both radiative transfer and
hydrodynamics components of the problem are fully defined by four additional
input parameters. The wind radiative emission and the shape of its velocity
profile are both independent of the actual magnitude of the velocity and are
determined by just three dimensionless free parameters. Of the three, only one
is always significant---for most of phase space the solution is described by a
set of similarity functions of a single independent variable, which can be
chosen as the overall optical depth at visual \tV. The self-similarity implies
general scaling relations among mass loss rate (\Mdot), luminosity ($L$) and
terminal velocity (\vf). Systems with different \Mdot, $L$ and \vf but the same
combination $\Mdot/L^{3/4}$ necessarily have also the same $\Mdot\vf/L$.
  ... Eliminating \tV produces $\vf^3 = A \Mdot(1 + B \Mdot^{4/3}/L)^{-1.5}$,
where $A$ and $B$ are coefficients that contain the only dependence of this
universal correlation on chemical composition. At a given $L$, the maximal
velocity of a dusty wind is $v\sub{max} \propto L^{1/4}$ attained at $\Mdot
\propto L^{3/4}$, with proportionality coefficients derived from $A$ and $B$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2278 </DOCNO>
Single-particle subband structure of Quantum Cables


  We proposed a model of Quantum Cable in analogy to the recently synthesized
coaxial nanocable structure [Suenaga et al. Science, 278, 653 (1997); Zhang et
al. ibid, 281, 973 (1998)], and studied its single-electron subband structure.
Our results show that the subband spectrum of Quantum Cable is different from
either double-quantum-wire (DQW) structure in two-dimensional electron gas
(2DEG) or single quantum cylinder. Besides the double degeneracy of subbands
arisen from the non-abelian mirrow reflection symmetry, interesting
quasicrossings (accidental degeneracies), anticrossings and bundlings of
Quantum Cable energy subbands are observed for some structure parameters. In
the extreme limit (barrier width tends to infinity), the normal degeneracy of
subbands different from the DQW structure is independent on the other structure
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148933 </DOCNO>
Three-point Functions in Sine-Liouville Theory


  We calculate the three-point functions in the sine-Liouville theory
explicitly. The same calculation was done in the (unpublished) work of Fateev,
Zamolodchikov and Zamolodchikov to check the conjectured duality between the
sine-Liouville and the SL(2,R)/U(1) coset CFTs. The evaluation of correlators
boils down to that of a free-field theory with a certain number of insertion of
screening operators. We prove that the winding number conservation is violated
up to (+-)1 in three-point functions, which is in agreement with the result of
FZZ that in generic N-point correlators the winding number conservation is
violated up to N-2 units. A new integral formula of Dotsenko-Fateev type is
derived, using which we write down the generic three-point functions of
tachyons explicitly. When the winding number is conserved, the resultant
expression is shown to reproduce the correlators in the coset model correctly,
including the group-theoretical factor. As an application, we also study the
superstring theory on linear dilaton background which is described by
super-Liouville theory. We obtain the three-point amplitude of tachyons in
which the winding number conservation is violated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128984 </DOCNO>
The tidal effects on the lithium abundance of binary systems with giant


  We analise the behavior of lithium abundance as a function of effective
temperature, projected rotational velocity, orbital period and eccentricity for
a sample of 68 binary systems with giant component and orbital period ranging
from about 10 to 6400 days. For these binary systems the Li abundances show a
gradual decrease with temperature, paralleling the well established result for
single giants. We have also observed a dependence of lithium content on
rotation. Binary systems with moderate to high rotation present also moderate
to high Li content. This study shows also that synchronized binary systems with
giant component seems to retain more of their original lithium than the
unsynchronized systems. For orbital periods lower than 100 to 250 days,
typically the period of synchronization for this kind of binary systems,
lithium depleted stars seems to be unusual. The suggestion is made that there
is an 'inhibited zone' in which synchronized binary systems with giant
component having lithium abundance lower than a threshold level should be
unusual.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98710 </DOCNO>
Applications of Commutator-Type Operators to $p$-Groups


  For a p-group G admitting an automorphism $\phi$ of order $p^n$ with exactly
$p^m$ fixed points such that $\phi^{p^{n-1}}$ has exactly $p^k$ fixed points,
we prove that G has a fully-invariant subgroup of m-bounded nilpotency class
with $(p,n,m,k)$-bounded index in G. We also establish its analogue for Lie
p-rings. The proofs make use of the theory of commutator-type operators.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73848 </DOCNO>
Understanding $K/\pi$ ratio distribution in the mixed events


  The event mixing method is analyzed for the study of the event-by-event
$K/\pi$ ratio distribution. It is shown that there exists some correlation
between the kaon and pion multiplicities in the mixed events. The $K/\pi$ ratio
distributions in the mixed events for different sets of real events are shown.
The dependence of the distributions on the mean $K/\pi$ ratio, mean and
variance of multiplicity distribution in the real events is investigated
systematically. The effect of imperfect particle identification on the $K/\pi$
ratio distribution in the mixed event is also considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148665 </DOCNO>
Liouville theory revisited


  We try to develop a coherent picture on Liouville theory as a two-dimensional
conformal field theory that takes into account the perspectives of
path-integral approach, bootstrap, canonical quantization and operator
approach. To do this, we need to develop further some of these approaches. This
includes in particular a construction of general exponential field operators
from a set of covariant chiral operators. The latter are shown to satisfy braid
relations that allow one to prove the locality of the former.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168006 </DOCNO>
Quantum Bit Commitment in a Noisy Channel


  Under rather general assumptions about the properties of a noisy quantum
channel, a first quantum protocol is proposed which allows to implement the
secret bit commitment with the probability arbitrarily close to unity.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113758 </DOCNO>
On the feasibility of cooling and trapping metastable alkaline-earth


  Metastability and long-range interactions of Mg, Ca, and Sr in the
lowest-energy metastable $^3P_2$ state are investigated. The calculated
lifetimes are 38 minutes for Mg*, 118 minutes for Ca*, and 17 minutes for Sr*,
supporting feasibility of cooling and trapping experiments. The
quadrupole-quadrupole long-range interactions of two metastable atoms are
evaluated for various molecular symmetries. Hund's case (c) 4_g potential
possesses a large 100-1000 K potential barrier. Therefore magnetic trap losses
can possibly be reduced using cold metastable atoms in a stretched M=2 state.
Calculations were performed in the framework of ab initio relativistic
configuration interaction method coupled with the random-phase approximation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129070 </DOCNO>
The Optical, Infrared and Radio Properties of Extragalactic Sources


  We positionally match sources observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
(SDSS), the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), and the Faint Images of the
Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) survey. Practically all 2MASS sources are
matched to an SDSS source within 2 arcsec; ~11% of them are optically resolved
galaxies and the rest are dominated by stars. About 1/3 of FIRST sources are
matched to an SDSS source within 2 arcsec; ~80% of these are galaxies and the
rest are dominated by quasars. Based on these results, we project that by the
completion of these surveys the matched samples will include about 10^7 stars
and 10^6 galaxies observed by both SDSS and 2MASS, and about 250,000 galaxies
and 50,000 quasars observed by both SDSS and FIRST. Here we present a
preliminary analysis of the optical, infrared and radio properties for the
extragalactic sources from the matched samples. In particular, we find that the
fraction of quasars with stellar colors missed by the SDSS spectroscopic survey
is probably not larger than ~10%, and that the optical colors of radio-loud
quasars are ~0.05 mag. redder (with 4-sigma significance) than the colors of
radio-quiet quasars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86466 </DOCNO>
A Mass Formula for EYM Solitons


  The Isolated Horizon formalism, together with a simple phenomenological model
for colored black holes was recently used to predict a formula for the ADM mass
of the solitons of the EYM system in terms of horizon properties of black holes
{\it for all} values of the horizon area. In this note, this formula is tested
numerically --up to a large value of the area-- for spherically symmetric
solutions and shown to yield the known masses of the solitons

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95820 </DOCNO>
Equivariant characteristic classes in the Cartan model


  This note shows the compatibility of the differential geometric and the
topological formulations of equivariant characteristic classes for a compact
connected Lie group action.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123514 </DOCNO>
Chandra X-ray observations of the 3C295 cluster core


  We examine the properties of the X-ray gas in the central regions of the
distant (z=0.46), X-ray luminous cluster of galaxies surrounding the powerful
radio source 3C 295, using observations made with the Chandra Observatory.
Between radii of 50-500 kpc, the cluster gas is approximately isothermal with
an emission-weighted temperature, kT ~5 keV. Within the central 50 kpc radius
this value drops to kT ~3.7 keV. The spectral and imaging Chandra data indicate
the presence of a cooling flow within the central 50 kpc radius of the cluster,
with a mass deposition rate of approximately 280 solar masses per year. We
estimate an age for the cooling flow of 1-2 Gyr, which is approximately one
thousand times older than the central radio source. We find no evidence in the
X-ray spectra or images for significant heating of the X-ray gas by the radio
source. We report the detection of an edge-like absorption feature in the
spectrum for the central 50 kpc region, which may be due to oxygen-enriched
dust grains. The implied mass in metals seen in absorption could have been
accumulated by the cooling flow over its lifetime. Combining the results on the
X-ray gas density profile with radio measurements of the Faraday rotation
measure in 3C295, we estimate the magnetic field strength in the region of the
cluster core to be B ~12 \muG.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126269 </DOCNO>
Making Maps Of The Cosmic Microwave Background: The MAXIMA Example


  This work describes Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data analysis
algorithms and their implementations, developed to produce a pixelized map of
the sky and a corresponding pixel-pixel noise correlation matrix from time
ordered data for a CMB mapping experiment. We discuss in turn algorithms for
estimating noise properties from the time ordered data, techniques for
manipulating the time ordered data, and a number of variants of the maximum
likelihood map-making procedure. We pay particular attention to issues
pertinent to real CMB data, and present ways of incorporating them within the
framework of maximum likelihood map-making. Making a map of the sky is shown to
be not only an intermediate step rendering an image of the sky, but also an
important diagnostic stage, when tests for and/or removal of systematic effects
can efficiently be performed. The case under study is the MAXIMA data set.
However, the methods discussed are expected to be applicable to the analysis of
other current and forthcoming CMB experiments.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168184 </DOCNO>
Relativity of pure states entanglement


  Entanglement of any pure state of an N times N bi-partite quantum system may
be characterized by the vector of coefficients arising by its Schmidt
decomposition. We analyze various measures of entanglement derived from the
generalized entropies of the vector of Schmidt coefficients. For N >= 3 they
generate different ordering in the set of pure states and for some states their
ordering depends on the measure of entanglement used. This odd-looking property
is acceptable, since these incomparable states cannot be transformed to each
other with unit efficiency by any local operation. In analogy to special
relativity the set of pure states equivalent under local unitaries has a causal
structure so that at each point the set splits into three parts: the 'Future',
the 'Past' and the set of noncomparable states.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179423 </DOCNO>
Parity Violation in Neutron Capture Reactions


  In the last decade, the scattering of polarized neutrons on compound nucleus
resonances proved to be a powerful experimental technique for probing nuclear
parity violation. Longitudinal analyzing powers in neutron transmission
measurements on p-wave resonances in nuclei such as $^{139}$La and $^{232}$Th
were found to be as large as 10%. Here we examine the possibilities of carrying
out a parallel program to measure asymmetries in the $(n,\gamma$) reaction on
these same compound nuclear resonances. Symmetry-violating $(n,\gamma$) studies
can also show asymmetries as large as 10%, and have the advantage over
transmission experiments of allowing parity-odd asymmetries in several
different gamma-decay branches from the same resonance. Thus, studies of parity
violation in the $(n,\gamma)$ reaction using high efficiency germanium
detectors at the Los Alamos Lujan facility, for example, could determine the
parity-odd nucleon-nucleon matrix elements in complex nuclei with high
accuracy. Additionally, simultaneous studies of the E1 and $V_{PNC}$ matrix
elements invol ved in these decays could be used to help constrain the
statistical theory of parity non-conservation in compound nuclei.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7096 </DOCNO>
Physical Constraints and Functional Characteristics of Transcription


  We study theoretically the binding of transcription factors to their target
sequences in bacteria, focusing particularly on the statistical interaction of
the factors with the genomic background. An upper bound on the binding
specificity of a factor is derived by requiring that the factors not be trapped
kinetically by a small fraction of preferred background sequences. Together
with the requirement of equilibrium occupation at reasonable cellular factor
concentrations, we obtain a range for the physically-allowed factor-DNA
interactions. Within this allowed range, we identify a special subset of
interactions for which the threshold of factor binding is completely controlled
by the target sequences. We argue that this special class of interactions is
highly desirable since it makes the strength of factor-DNA binding individually
programmable for each regulated target. We expect a large number of
transcription factors to belong to this special class, and discuss their
thermodynamic signatures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7422 </DOCNO>
Analytical characterization of adhering vesicles


  We characterize vesicle adhesion onto homogeneous substrates by means of a
perturbative expansion around the infinite adhesion limit, where curvature
elasticity effects are absent. At first order in curvature elasticity, we
determine analytically various global physical quantities associated with
adhering vesicles: height, adhesion radius, etc. Our results are valid for
adhesion energies above a certain threshold, that we determine numerically. We
discuss the haptotactic force acting on a vesicle in the limit of weak adhesion
gradients. We also propose novel methods for measuring adhesion energies and we
suggest a possible way of determining the size of suboptical vesicles using
controlled adhesion gradients.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149462 </DOCNO>
BPS Lumps and Their Intersections in ${\cal N}=2$ SUSY Nonlinear Sigma


  BPS lumps in ${\cal N}=2$ SUSY nonlinear sigma models on hyper-\kahler
manifolds in four dimensions are studied. We present new lump solutions with
various kinds of topological charges. New BPS equations and a new BPS bound,
expressed by the three complex structures on hyper-\kahler manifolds, are
found. We show that any states satisfying these BPS equations preserve 1/8
(1/4) SUSY of ${\cal N}=2$ SUSY nonlinear sigma models with (without) a
potential term. These BPS states include non-parallel multi-(Q-)lumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75237 </DOCNO>
Bilepton gauge boson contribution to the static electromagnetic


  We present a complete calculation of the singly and doubly charged gauge
bosons (bileptons) contribution to the static properties of the W boson in the
framework of the minimal 331 model, which accommodates the bileptons in an
SU_L(2) doublet. A nonlinear R_\xi gauge is used and a slightly modified
version of the Passarino-Veltman reduction scheme is employed as in this case
the Gram determinant vanishes. It is found that the bilepton contribution is of
the same order of magnitude as those arising from other weakly coupled
renormalizable theories, like the two-Higgs doublet model and supersymmetry.
The heavy mass limit is explored and the nontrivial decoupling properties of
bileptons are discussed. Although there is a close resemblance with the
contribution of an SU_L(2) fermion doublet, in the case of the bilepton doublet
the decoupling theorem does remain valid. As a by-product, we present a
detailed study of the trilinear and the quartic vertices involving the
bileptons and the standard model gauge bosons.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128734 </DOCNO>
Velocity, Acceleration and Cosmic Distances in Cosmological Special


  In this paper we present the fundamentals of the cosmological special
relativity (CSR) by discussing the dynamical concepts of velocity, acceleration
and cosmic distances in spacevelocity. These concepts occur in CSR just as
those of mass, linear momentum and energy appear in Einstein's special
relativity (ESR) in spacetime.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4354 </DOCNO>
Short-Range Correlations in He-4 Liquid and Small He-4 Droplets


  The Unitary Correlation Operator Method (UCOM) is employed to treat
short-range correlations in both, homogeneous liquid and small droplets of
bosonic He-4 atoms. The dominating short-range correlations in these systems
are described by an unitary transformation in the two-body relative coordinate,
applied either to the many-body state or to the Hamiltonian and other
operators. It is shown that the two-body correlated interaction can describe
the binding energy of clusters of up to 6 atoms very well, the numerical effort
consisting only in calculating one two-body matrix element with Gaussian
single-particle states. The increasing density of bigger droplets requires the
inclusion of correlation effects beyond the two-body order, which are
successfully implemented by a density-dependent two-body correlator. With only
one adjusted parameter the binding energies and radii of larger droplets and
the equation of state of the homogeneous He-4 liquid can be described
quantitatively in a physically intuitive and numerically simple way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174779 </DOCNO>
Neutral pion threshold production at Q^2=0.05 GeV^2/c^2 and Chiral


  New data are presented on the p(e,e'p)\pi^0 reaction at threshold at a
four-momentum transfer of Q^2=0.05 GeV^2/c^2. The data were taken with the
three-spectrometer setup of the A1 Collaboration at the Mainz Microtron MAMI.
The complete center of mass solid angle was covered up to a center of mass
energy of 4 MeV above threshold. Combined with measurements at three different
values of the virtual photon polarization \epsilon, the structure functions
\sigma_T, \sigma_L, \sigma_{TT}, and \sigma_{TL} are determined. The results
are compared with calculations in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory and
with a phenomenological model. The measured cross section is significantly
smaller than both predictions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148547 </DOCNO>
On The spectrum of a Noncommutative Formulation of the D=11


  A regularized model of the double compactified D=11 supermembrane with
nontrivial winding in terms of SU(N) valued maps is obtained. The condition of
nontrivial winding is described in terms of a nontrivial line bundle introduced
in the formulation of the compactified supermembrane. The multivalued
geometrical objects of the model related to the nontrivial wrapping are
described in terms of a SU(N) geometrical object which in the $ N\to \infty$
limit, converges to the symplectic connection related to the area preserving
diffeomorphisms of the recently obtained non-commutative description of the
compactified D=11 supermembrane.(I. Martin, J.Ovalle, A. Restuccia. 2000,2001)
  The SU(N) regularized canonical lagrangian is explicitly obtained. In the $
N\to \infty$ limit it converges to the lagrangian in (I.Martin, J.Ovalle,
A.Restuccia. 2000,2001) subject to the nontrivial winding condition. The
spectrum of the hamiltonian of the double compactified D=11 supermembrane is
discussed.
 Generically, it contains local string like spikes with zero energy.
 However the sector of the theory corresponding to a principle bundle
characterized by the winding number $n \neq 0$, described by the SU(N) model we
propose, is shown to have no local string-like spikes and hence the spectrum of
this sector should be discrete.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127102 </DOCNO>
$\beta$--Radioactive Cosmic Rays in a diffusion model: test for a local


  In the present paper, we extend the analysis of Maurin et al. (2001) and
Donato et al. (2001) to the $\beta$-radioactive nuclei $^{10}$Be, $^{26}$Al and
$^{36}$Cl. These species are be shown to be particularly sensitive to the
properties of the local interstellar medium (LISM). As studies of the LISM
suggest that we live in an underdense bubble of extent $r_{hole} \sim 50 - 200
\unit{pc}$, this local feature must be taken into account. We present a
modified version of our diffusion model which describes the underdensity as a
hole in the galactic disc. It is found that the presence of the bubble leads to
a decrease in the radioactive fluxes which can be approximated by a simple
factor $\exp(-r_{hole}/l_{rad})$ where $l_{rad}=\sqrt{K \gamma \tau_0}$ is the
typical distance travelled by a radioactive nucleus before it decays. We find
that each of the radioactive nuclei independently point towards a bubble radius
$\lesssim 100 \unit{pc}$. If these nuclei are considered simultaneously, only
models with a bubble radius $r_{hole} \sim 60 - 100 \unit{pc}$ are marginally
consistent with data. In particular, the standard case $r_{hole}=0 \unit{pc}$
is disfavoured. Our main concern is about the consistency of the currently
available data, especially $^{26}$Al/$^{27}$Al.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98120 </DOCNO>
Cumulants, lattice paths, and orthogonal polynomials


  A formula expressing free cumulants in terms of the Jacobi parameters of the
corresponding orthogonal polynomials is derived. It combines Flajolet's theory
of continued fractions and Lagrange inversion. For the converse we discuss
Gessel-Viennot theory to express Hankel determinants in terms of various
cumulants.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1795 </DOCNO>
Effect of granularity on the insulator-superconductor transition in


  We have studied the insulator-superconductor transition (IST) by tuning the
thickness in quench-condensed $Bi$ films. The resistive transitions of the
superconducting films are smooth and can be considered to represent
"homogeneous" films. The observation of an IST very close to the quantum
resistance for pairs, $R_{\Box}^N \sim h/4e^2$ on several substrates supports
this idea. The relevant length scales here are the localization length, and the
coherence length. However, at the transition, the localization length is much
higher than the superconducting coherence length, contrary to expectation for a
"homogeneous" transition. This suggests the invalidity of a purely fermionic
model for the transition. Furthermore, the current-voltage characteristics of
the superconducting films are hysteretic, and show the films to be granular.
The relevant energy scales here are the Josephson coupling energy and the
charging energy. However, Josephson coupling energies ($E_J$) and the charging
energies ($E_c$) at the IST, they are found to obey the relation $E_J < E_c$.
This is again contrary to expectation, for the IST in a granular or
inhomogeneous, system. Hence, a purely bosonic picture of the transition is
also inconsistent with our observations. We conclude that the IST observed in
our experiments may be either an intermediate case between the fermioinc and
bosonic mechanisms, or in a regime of charge and vortex dynamics for which a
quantitative analysis has not yet been done.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179359 </DOCNO>
Soft QCD Modeling of Meson Electromagnetic Form Factors


  We summarize recent progress in soft QCD modeling based on the set of
Dyson--Schwinger equations truncated to ladder-rainbow level. We pay particular
attention to electromagnetic elastic and transition form factors of the pion.
This covariant approach accommodates quark confinement and implements the QCD
one-loop renormalization group behavior. The dressed quark propagators are
compared to the most recent lattice-QCD data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123451 </DOCNO>
Faint field galaxies: an explanation of the faint blue excess using


  Pure luminosity evolution models for galaxies provide an unacceptable fit to
the redshifts and colors of faint galaxies. In this paper we demonstrate, using
HST morphological number counts derived both from the $I_{814}$-band of WFPC2
in the Medium Deep Survey (MDS) and the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) and from the
$H_{1.6}$-band of NICMOS, and ground-based spectroscopic data of the Hawaii
Deep Field and the Canada-France Redshift Survey, that number evolution is
necessary for galaxies, regardless of whether the cosmic geometry is flat,
open, or $\Lambda$-dominated. Furthermore, we show that the number evolution is
small at redshifts of z<1, but large at z>1, and that this conclusion is valid
for all the three cosmological models under consideration. If the universe is
open or $\Lambda$-dominated, the models, which are subject to the constraint of
the conservation of the comoving mass density of galaxies, naturally predict a
population of star-forming galaxies with the redshift distribution peaking at
$z=2\sim3$, which seems to be consistent with the recent findings from
Lyman-break photometric selection techniques. If the cosmological model is
flat, however, the conservation of the comoving mass density is invalid. Hence,
in order to account for the steep slope of B-band number counts at faint
magnitudes in the flat universe, such a star-forming galaxy population has to
be introduced ad hoc into the modelling alongside the merger assumption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179365 </DOCNO>
J/$\psi$ production and suppression in nuclear collisions


  In terms of a new QCD factorization formula for J/$\psi$ production, we
calculate the J/$\psi$ suppression in nuclear collisions by including the
multiple scattering between the pre-J/$\psi$ partonic states and the nuclear
medium. We find agreement with all data on J/$\psi$ suppression in
hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions, except a couple of points (the
``second drop'') at the highest $E_T$ bins of the new NA50 data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125081 </DOCNO>
The Fragmentation of Pre-enriched Primordial Objects


  Recent theoretical investigations have suggested that the formation of the
very first stars, forming out of metal-free gas, was fundamentally different
from the present-day case. In this paper, we study the effect of metallicity on
the evolution of the gas in a collapsing dark matter mini-halo. We model such a
system as an isolated 3\sigma peak of mass 2x10^6 M_sun that collapses at
z_coll=30, using smoothed particle hydrodynamics. The gas has a supposed level
of pre-enrichment of either 10^-4 Z_sun or 10^-3 Z_sun. We find that the
evolution proceeds very differently for the two cases. The gas in the lower
metallicity simulation fails to undergo continued collapse and fragmentation,
whereas the gas in the higher metallicity case dissipatively settles into the
center of the dark matter halo. The central gas, characterized by densities n >
10^4 cm^-3, and a temperature, T \sim 90 K, which closely follows that of the
CMB, is gravitationally unstable and undergoes vigorous fragmentation. We
discuss the physical reason for the existence of a critical metallicity, Z_crit
\sim 5x10^-4 Z_sun, and its possible dependence on redshift. Compared to the
pure H/He case, the fragmentation of the 10^-3 Z_sun gas leads to a larger
relative number of low-mass clumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96777 </DOCNO>
The absolute continuity of the integrated density of states for magnetic


  The object of the present study is the integrated density of states of a
quantum particle in multi-dimensional Euclidean space which is characterized by
a Schr{\"o}dinger operator with magnetic field and a random potential which may
be unbounded from above and below. In case that the magnetic field is constant
and the random potential is ergodic and admits a so-called one-parameter
decomposition, we prove the absolute continuity of the integrated density of
states and provide explicit upper bounds on its derivative, the density of
states. This local Lipschitz continuity of the integrated density of states is
derived by establishing a Wegner estimate for finite-volume Schr\"odinger
operators which holds for rather general magnetic fields and different boundary
conditions. Examples of random potentials to which the results apply are
certain alloy-type and Gaussian random potentials. Besides we show a
diamagnetic inequality for Schr\"odinger operators with Neumann boundary
conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76053 </DOCNO>
Rare decays: theory vs. experiments


  We present an overview of rare K, D and B decays. Particular attention is
devoted to those flavour-changing neutral-current processes of K and B mesons
that offer the possibility of new significant tests of the Standard Model. The
sensitivity of these modes to physics beyond the Standard Model and the status
of their experimental study are also discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126893 </DOCNO>
Multiwavelength Observations of the Low Metallicity Blue Compact Dwarf


  New infrared and millimeter observations from Keck, Palomar, ISO, and OVRO
and archival data from the NRAO VLA and IRAS are presented for the low
metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxy SBS 0335-052. Mid-infrared imaging shows
this young star-forming system is compact (0.31"; 80 pc) at 12.5 microns. The
large Br-gamma equivalent width (235 Angstroms) measured from integral field
spectroscopy is indicative of a ~5 Myr starburst. The central source appears to
be optically thin in emission, containing both a warm (~80 K) and a hot (~210
K) dust component, and the overall interstellar radiation field is quite
intense, about 10,000 times the intensity in the solar neighborhood. CO
emission is not detected, though the galaxy shows an extremely high global H I
gas-to-dust mass ratio, high even for blue compact dwarfs. Finally, the
galaxy's mid-infrared-to-optical and mid-to-near-infrared luminosity ratios are
quite high, whereas its far-infrared-to-radio and far-infrared-to-optical flux
ratios are surprisingly similar to what is seen in normal star-forming
galaxies. The relatively high bolometric infrared-to-radio ratio is more easily
understood in the context of such a young system with negligible nonthermal
radio continuum emission. These new lines of evidence may outline features
common to primordial galaxies found at high redshift.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3830 </DOCNO>
Correlation between the residual resistance ratio and magnetoresistance


  The resistivity and magnetoresistance in the normal state for bulk and
thin-film MgB2 with different nominal compositions have been studied
systematically. These samples show different temperature dependences of normal
state resistivity and residual resistance ratios although their superconducting
transition temperatures are nearly the same, except for the thin-film sample.
The correlation between the residual resistance ratio (RRR) and the power law
dependence of the low temperature resistivity, rho vs. T^c, indicates that the
electron-phonon interaction is important. It is found that the
magnetoresistance (MR) in the normal state scales well with the RRR, a0(MR)
proportional to (RRR)^2.2 +/- 0.1 at 50 K. This accounts for the large
difference in magnetoresistance reported by various groups, due to different
defect scatterings in the samples.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76792 </DOCNO>
Radiative corrections to neutrino energy loss rate in stellar interiors


  We consider radiative electromagnetic corrections, at order \alpha, to the
process $e^+ e^- \to \nu \bar{\nu}$ at finite density and temperature. This
process represents one of the main contributions to the cooling of stellar
environments in the late stages of star evolution. We find that these
corrections affect the energy loss rate by a factor $(-4 \div 1) %$ with
respect to the tree level estimate, in the temperature and density ranges where
the neutrino pair production via e^+ e^- annihilation is the most efficient
cooling mechanism.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125275 </DOCNO>
Eccentricity Evolution of Resonant Migrating Planets


  We examine the eccentricity evolution of a system of two planets locked in a
mean motion resonance, in which the outer planet loses energy and angular
momentum. The sink of energy and angular momentum could be either a gas or
planetesimal disk. We show that the eccentricity of both planetary bodies can
grow to large values, particularly if the inner body does not directly exchange
energy or angular momentum with the disk. We analytically calculate the
eccentricity damping rate in the case of a single planet migrating through a
planetesimal disk. We present the results of numerical integrations of two
resonant planets showing rapid growth of eccentricity. We also present
integrations in which a Jupiter-mass planet is forced to migrate inward through
a system of 5-10 roughly Earth mass planets. The migrating planet can eject or
accrete the smaller bodies; roughly 5% of the mass (averaged over all the
integrations) accretes onto the central star. The results are discussed in the
context of the currently known extrasolar planetary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5518 </DOCNO>
Higgs Boson in Superconductors


  Superfluid helium, describable by a two-component order parameter, exhibits
only the Bogolubov mode with energy $\to 0$ at long wavelengths, while a
Lorentz-invariant theory with a two-component order parameter exhibits a finite
energy mode at long wavelengths (the Higgs Boson), besides the above mass-less
mode. The mass-less mode moves to high energies if it couples to
electromagnetic fields (the Anderson-Higgs mechanism). Superconductors, on the
other hand have been theoretically and experimentally shown to exhibit both
modes. This occurs because the excitations in superconductors have an
(approximate) particle-hole symmetry and therefore show a similarity to
Lorentz-invariant theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169324 </DOCNO>
Classical Aspects of Quantum Walls in One Dimension


  We investigate the system of a particle moving on a half line $x \ge 0$ under
the general walls at $x = 0$ that are permitted quantum mechanically. These
quantum walls, characterized by a parameter $L$, are shown to be realized as a
limit of regularized potentials. We then study the classical aspects of the
quantum walls, by seeking a classical counterpart which admits the same time
delay in scattering with the quantum wall, and also by examining the
WKB-exactness of the transition kernel based on the regularized potentials. It
is shown that no classical counterpart exists for walls with $L < 0$, and that
the WKB-exactness can hold only for $L = 0$ and $L = \infty$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95450 </DOCNO>
Doi-Koppinen modules for quantum groupoids


  A definition of a Doi-Koppinen datum over a noncommutative algebra is
proposed. The idea is to replace a bialgebra in a standard Doi-Koppinen datum
with a bialgebroid. The corresponding category of Doi-Koppinen modules over a
noncommutative algebra is introduced. A weak Doi-Koppinen datum and module of
[G. Bohm. Comm. Algebra, 28:4687--4698, 2000] are shown to be examples of a
Doi-Koppinen datum and module over an algebra. A coring associated to a
Doi-Koppinen datum over an algebra is constructed and various properties of
induction and forgetful functors for Doi-Koppinen modules over an algebra are
deduced from the properies of corresponding functors in the category of
comodules of a coring.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5938 </DOCNO>
Dephasing and thermal smearing in an electromechanical which-path device


  In an electromechanical which-path device electrons travelling through an
Aharonov-Bohm ring with a quantum dot in one of the arms are dephased by an
interaction with the fundamental flexural mode of a radio-frequency cantilever,
leading to a reduction in the visibilty of the interference fringes. However,
at finite temperatures time-averaged measurement of the current leads to a
fringe visibility which is reduced partly by dephasing of the electrons and
partly by a thermal smearing effect. The balance between thermal smearing and
dephasing predicted by a calculation depends very strongly on the choice of
cantilever basis states used. The interaction between the cantilever and its
environment is expected to select the coherent state basis for the cantilever
and hence lead to a dephasing rate which is substantially lower than that which
would arise if instead the Fock states were selected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148096 </DOCNO>
C*algebras and differential geometry


  This is the translation to appear in the "SUPERSYMMETRY 2000 - Encyclopaedic
Dictionary" of the original paper, published in March 1980, (C.R. Acad. Sci.
Paris, Ser. A-B, 290, 1980) in which basic notions of noncommutative geometry
were introduced and applied to noncommutative tori. These include connections
on finite projective modules, their curvature, and the Chern character. Finite
projective modules on the noncommutative two-torus $ \Tb^2_{\theta}$ were
realized as Schwartz spaces of vector valued functions on $\Rb$. Explicit
constant curvature connections were constructed and a basic integrality
phenomenon of the total curvature was displayed. The pseudo-differential
calculus and the Atiyah-Singer index theorems were extended to Lie group
actions on $C^*$ algebras and used to explain the above integrality of the
total curvature by an index formula for finite difference-differential
operators on the line. Recent interest in the hep-th literature for basic
notions of noncommutative geometry in the case of noncommutative tori (cf for
instance hep-th/0012145 for an excellent review) prompted us to make the
English translation of the original paper available.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150291 </DOCNO>
On topological charge carried by nexuses and center vortices


  In this paper we further explore the question of topological charge in the
center vortex-nexus picture of gauge theories. Generally, this charge is
locally fractionalized in units of 1/N for gauge group SU(N), but globally
quantized in integral units. We show explicitly that in d=4 global topological
charge is a linkage number of the closed two-surface of a center vortex with a
nexus world line, and relate this linkage to the Hopf fibration, with homotopy
$\Pi_3(S^3)\simeq Z$; this homotopy insures integrality of the global
topological charge. We show that a standard nexus form used earlier, when
linked to a center vortex, gives rise naturally to a homotopy $\Pi_2(S^2)\simeq
Z$, a homotopy usually associated with 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles and similar
objects which exist by virtue of the presence of an adjoint scalar field which
gives rise to spontaneous symmetry breaking. We show that certain integrals
related to monopole or topological charge in gauge theories with adjoint
scalars also appear in the center vortex-nexus picture, but with a different
physical interpretation. We find a new type of nexus which can carry
topological charge by linking to vortices or carry d=3 Chern-Simons number
without center vortices present; the Chern-Simons number is connected with
twisting and writhing of field lines, as the author had suggested earlier. In
general, no topological charge in d=4 arises from these specific static
configurations, since the charge is the difference of two (equal) Chern-Simons
number, but it can arise through dynamic reconnection processes. We complete
earlier vortex-nexus work to show explicitly how to express globally-integral
topological charge as composed of essentially independent units of charge 1/N.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128398 </DOCNO>
Phase Structure of Weak MgII Absorbers: Star Forming Pockets Outside of


  A new and mysterious class of object has been revealed by the detection of
numerous weak MgII doublets in quasar absorption line spectra. The properties
of these objects will be reviewed. They are not in close proximity to luminous
galaxies, yet they have metallicities close to the solar value; they are likely
to be self-enriched. A significant fraction of the weak MgII absorbers are
constrained to be less than 10 parsecs in size, yet they present a large
cross-section for absorption, indicating that there are more than a million
times more of them than there are luminous galaxies. They could be remnants of
Population III star clusters or tracers of supernova remnants in a population
of "failed dwarf galaxies" expected in cold dark matter structure formation
scenarios.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169238 </DOCNO>
Bifurcation Phenomenon in a Spin Relaxation


  Spin relaxation in a strong-coupling regime (with respect to the spin system)
is investigated in detail based on the spin-boson model in a stochastic limit.
We find a bifurcation phenomenon in temperature dependence of relaxation
constants, which is never observed in the weak-coupling regime. We also discuss
inequalities among the relaxation constants in our model and show the
well-known relation 2\Gamma_T >= \Gamma_L, for example, for a wider parameter
region than before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148245 </DOCNO>
Symplectic Symmetry of the Neutrino Mass For Many Neutrino Flavors


  The algebraic structure of the neutrino mass Hamiltonian is presented for two
neutrino flavors considering both Dirac and Majorana mass terms. It is shown
that the algebra is Sp(8) and also discussed how the algebraic structure
generalizes for the case of more than two neutrino flavors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128537 </DOCNO>
Stellar Exotica produced from Stellar Encounters


  The importance of stellar encounters in producing stellar exotica in dense
stellar clusters is reviewed. We discuss how collisions between main-sequence
stars may be responsible for the production of blue stragglers in globular
clusters. We also discuss the possible pathways to the production of X-ray
binaries, cataclysmic variables, and millisecond pulsars in globular clusters.
Neutron stars in globular clusters are likely to exchange into binaries
containing moderate-mass main-sequence stars, replacing the lower-mass
components of the original systems. These binaries will become
intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (IMXBs), once the moderate-mass star evolves
off the main-sequence, as mass is transferred onto the neutron star possibly
spinning it up in the process. Such systems may be responsible for the
population of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) that has been observed in globular
clusters. Additionally, the period of mass-transfer (and thus X-ray visibility)
in the vast majority of such systems will have occurred 5 - 10 Gyr ago thus
explaining the observed relative paucity of X-ray binaries today, given the
large MSP population.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168246 </DOCNO>
Worlds in the Everett Interpretation


  This is a discussion of how we can understand the world-view given to us by
the Everett interpretation of quantum mechanics, and in particular the role
played by the concept of `world'. The view presented is that we are entitled to
use `many-worlds' terminology even if the theory does not specify the worlds in
the formalism; this is defended by means of an extensive analogy with the
concept of an `instant' or moment of time in relativity, with the lack of a
preferred foliation of spacetime being compared with the lack of a preferred
basis in quantum theory. Implications for identity of worlds over time, and for
relativistic quantum mechanics, are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75831 </DOCNO>
Light-light and heavy-light mesons in the model of QCD string with


  The variational einbein field method is applied to the model of the QCD
string with quarks at the ends for the case of light-light and heavy-light
mesons. Special attention is payed to the proper string dynamics. The correct
string slope of the Regge trajectories is reproduced for light-light states
which comes out from the picture of rotating string. Masses of several
low-lying orbitally and radially excited states in the D, D_s, B, and B_s meson
spectra are calculated and a good agreement with the experimental data as well
as with recent lattice calculations is found. The role of the string correction
to the interquark interaction is discussed at the example of the identification
of D*'(2637) state recently claimed by DELPHI Collaboration. For the
heavy-light mesons the standard constants used in Heavy Quark Effective Theory
are extracted and compared to the results of other approaches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75722 </DOCNO>
Hard Scattering and Gauge/String Duality


  We consider high-energy fixed-angle scattering of glueballs in confining
gauge theories that have supergravity duals. Although the effective description
is in terms of the scattering of strings, we find that the amplitudes are hard
(power law). This is a consequence of the warped geometry of the dual theory,
which has the effect that in an inertial frame the string process is never in
the soft regime. At small angle we find hard and Regge behaviors in different
kinematic regions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126409 </DOCNO>
A relativistic jet from Cygnus X-1 in the low/hard X-ray state


  We present the detection of a radio-emitting jet from the black-hole
candidate and X-ray binary source Cygnus X-1. Evidence of a bright core with a
slightly extended structure was found on milliarcsecond resolution observations
with the VLBA at 15.4 GHz. Later observations with the VLBA (and including the
phased up VLA) at 8.4 GHz show an extended jet-like feature extending to
approx. 15 mas from a core region, with an opening angle of < 2 degrees. In
addition, lower resolution MERLIN observations at 5 GHz show that the source
has < 10 per cent linear polarization. The source was in the low/hard X-ray
state during the observations, and the results confirm the existence of
persistent radio emission from an unresolved core and a variable relativistic
(> 0.6c) jet during this state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5261 </DOCNO>
Coherent States for Generalized Laguerre Functions


  We explicitly construct a Hamiltonian whose exact eigenfunctions are the
generalized Laguerre functions. Moreover, we present the related raising and
lowering operators. We investigate the corresponding coherent states by
adopting the Gazeau-Klauder approach, where resolution of unity and overlapping
properties are examined. Coherent states are found to be similar to those found
for a particle trapped in a P\"oschl-Teller potential of the trigonometric
type. Some comparisons with Barut-Girardello and Klauder-Perelomov methods are
noticed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 419 </DOCNO>
Directed Percolation and Systems with Absorbing States: Impact of


  We review the critical behavior of nonequilibrium systems, such as directed
percolation (DP) and branching-annihilating random walks (BARW), which possess
phase transitions into absorbing states. After reviewing the bulk scaling
behavior of these models, we devote the main part of this review to analyzing
the impact of walls on their critical behavior. We discuss the possible
boundary universality classes for the DP and BARW models, which can be
described by a general scaling theory which allows for two independent surface
exponents in addition to the bulk critical exponents. Above the upper critical
dimension $d_c$, we review the use of mean field theories, whereas in the
regime $d<d_c$, where fluctuations are important, we examine the application of
field theoretic methods. Of particular interest is the situation in $d=1$,
which has been extensively investigated using numerical simulations and series
expansions. Although DP and BARW fit into the same scaling theory, they can
still show very different surface behavior: for DP some exponents are
degenerate, a property not shared with the BARW model. Moreover, a ``hidden''
duality symmetry of BARW in $d=1$ is broken by the boundary and this relates
exponents and boundary conditions in an intricate way.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124918 </DOCNO>
On the Statistical Significance of the Hipparcos Astrometric Orbit of


  Recently Gatewood, Han & Black presented an analysis of the Hipparcos stellar
positions and their own ground-based measurements of rho CrB, suggesting an
astrometric orbit of 1.5 mas with an extremely small orbital inclination of 0.5
degrees. This indicates that the planet-candidate secondary might be a late M
star. We used the Hipparcos data of rho CrB together with the individual radial
velocities of Noyes et al. to independently study the stellar orbit and to
assess its statistical significance. Our analysis yielded the same astrometric
orbit. However, a permutation test we performed on the Hipparcos measurements
indicated that the statistical significance of the astrometric orbit is only
2-sigma. Therefore, we can expect about one out of 40 systems with a similar
data set to show a false astrometric orbit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113686 </DOCNO>
Improved Characterization of Elastic Scattering Near a Feshbach


  We report extentions and corrections to the measurement of the Feshbach
resonance in 85Rb cold atom collisions reported earlier [J. L. Roberts et al.,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 5109 (1998)]. In addition to a better determination of the
position of the resonance peak (154.9(4) gauss) and its width (11.0(4) gauss),
improvements in our techniques now allow the measurement of the absolute size
of the elastic scattering rate. This provides a new measure of the s-wave
scasttering length as a function of magnetic field near the Feshbach resonance
and contrains the Rb-Rb interaction potential.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148078 </DOCNO>
Model for SU(3) vacuum degeneracy using light-cone coordinates


  Working in light-cone coordinates, we study the zero-modes and the vacuum in
a 2+1 dimensional SU(3) gauge model. Considering the fields as independent of
the tranverse variables, we dimensionally reduce this model to 1+1 dimensions.
After introducing an appropriate su(3) basis and gauge conditions, we extract
an adjoint field from the model. Quantization of this adjoint field and field
equations lead to two constrained and two dynamical zero-modes. We link the
dynamical zero-modes to the vacuum by writing down a Schrodinger equation and
prove the non-degeneracy of the SU(3) vacuum provided that we neglect the
contribution of constrained zero-modes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114282 </DOCNO>
Channel Access Client Toolbox for Matlab


  This paper reports on Matlab Channel Access (MCA) Toolbox Matlab [1]
interface to Epics Channel Access (CA) client library. We are developing the
toolbox for SPEAR3 accelerator controls but it is of general use for
accelerator and experimental physics applications programming. It is packaged
as Matlab toolbox to allow easy development of complex CA client applications
entirely in Matlab. The benefits include: the ability to calculate and display
parameters that use Epics process variables as inputs, availability of Matlab
graphics tools for user interface design, and integration with Matlab-based
accelerator modeling tool Matlab Accelerator Toolbox. Another purpose of this
paper is to propose a feasible path to a synergy between accelerator control
systems and accelerator simulation codes, the idea also known as on-line
accelerator model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126238 </DOCNO>
Binary black holes and tori in AGN I. Ejection of stars and merging of


  Most galaxies have central massive black holes (BH), and merge with others
during their evolution, as strongly suggested by recent observations.
Consequently a black hole binary (BHB) emerges. Considering the evolution of
the binary when it has become hard, at a separation of the BHs of about 1 pc,
we propose to solve two basic questions in our understanding of the central
activity of galaxies: (1) Do the BHs actually merge? (2) And does the effect of
the torque of the BHB on the surrounding stellar distribution help to explain
the presence of the ubiquitous torus of molecular material surrounding
apparently all active galactic nuclei? While the second question is the topic
of a subsequent paper we try to solve the first in this article. Simulating the
evolution of a stellar cluster in the potential of such a binary by solving the
equations of the restricted three body problem, we obtained the following
results: If the cluster is about as massive as the BHB, the two BHs coalesce
after about 10^7 yr due to ejection of stars with low angular momentum and
finally via emission of gravitational radiation. In a sequence of models where
the mass of the secondary BH increases while M_1 is fixed, a bigger fraction of
stars is ejected. For a more massive cluster the merger then proceeds on
smaller time scales. The cluster is depleted in the central region and the
final distribution of stars assumes a torus-like structure, peaking at three
times the initial distance of the two black holes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97902 </DOCNO>
Braids, trees, and operads


  The space of unordered configurations of distinct points in the plane is
aspherical, with Artin's braid group as its fundamental group. Remarkably
enough, the space of ordered configurations of distinct points on the real
projective line, modulo projective equivalence, has a natural compactification
(as a space of equivalence classes of trees) which is also (by a theorem of
Davis, Januszkiewicz, and Scott) aspherical. The classical braid groups are
ubiquitous in modern mathematics, with applications from the theory of operads
to the study of the Galois group of the rationals. The fundamental groups of
these new configuration spaces are not braid groups, but they have many similar
formal properties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6429 </DOCNO>
Ising Spin Glasses : interaction distribution dependence of the critical


  Continuous phase transitions are catalogued into universality classes,
families of systems having identical values of all the exponents governing the
critical behaviour of their different physical properties. Numerical
simulations have been carried out on Ising Spin Glasses in dimension three,
using a technique where corrections to finite size scaling can be controled.
The data show that the critical exponents vary strongly as a function of the
kurtosis of the interaction distribution, a parameter which from the standard
point of view should not be pertinent. This observation implies that for spin
glasses the renormalization group analysis should not be approached in a the
same way as in the case of canonical second order transitions; a much richer
structure of universality classes would appear to exist for spin glasses.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174645 </DOCNO>
Prototype tests for the ALICE TRD


  A Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) has been designed to improve the
electron identification and trigger capability of the ALICE experiment at the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. We present results from tests of a
prototype of the TRD concerning pion rejection for different methods of
analysis over a momentum range from 0.7 to 2 GeV/c. We investigate the
performance of different radiator types, composed of foils, fibres and foams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73967 </DOCNO>
Accelerated Universe from Gravity Leaking to Extra Dimensions


  We discuss the idea that the accelerated Universe could be the result of the
gravitational leakage into extra dimensions on Hubble distances rather than the
consequence of non-zero cosmological constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81446 </DOCNO>
The Phase Diagram for the anisotropic SU(2) Adjoint Higgs Model in 5D:


  We explore, by Monte Carlo and Mean Field methods, the five--dimensional
SU(2) adjoint Higgs model. We allow for the possibility of different couplings
along one direction, describing the so--called anisotropic model. This study is
motivated by the possibility of the appearance of four--dimensional layered
dynamics. Actually, our results lead to the conclusion that the establishment
of a layered phase in four dimensions described by U(1) symmetry is possible,
the extra dimension being confined due to the SU(2) gauge symmetry. The
five-dimensional adjoint Higgs model turns out to have a layered phase, in
contradistinction with what is known about the pure SU(2) model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148468 </DOCNO>
Torus-like Dielectric D2-brane


  We find new solutions corresponding to torus-like generalization of
dielectric D2-brane from the viewpoint of D2-brane action and N D0-branes one.
These are meta-stable and would decay to the spherical dielectric D2-brane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74116 </DOCNO>
SUSY Cold Dark Matter Detection at large tan\beta


  We study the direct detection rate for SUSY cold dark m atter (CDM) predicted
by the minimal supersymmetric standard model with universal boundary conditions
and large values for tan\beta. The relic abundance of the lightest
supersymmetric particle (LSP), assumed to be approximately a bino, is obtained
by including its coannihilations with the next-to-lightest supersymmetric
particle (NLSP), which is the lightest s-tau. We find detectable rates in the
currently planned experiments for a sector of the parameter space consistent
with the cosmological constraint on the LSP relic abundance and the ones
imposed by b->s gamma and the Higgs searches.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174636 </DOCNO>
Search for emission of unstable $^8$Be clusters from hot $^40$Ca and


  The possible occurence of highly deformed configurations is investigated in
the $^{40}$Ca and $^{56}$Ni di-nuclear systems as formed in the $^{28}$Si +
$^{12}$C and $^{28}$Si + $^{28}$Si reactions, respectively, by using the
properties of emitted light charged particles. Inclusive as well as exclusive
data of the heavy fragments (A $\geq$ 6) and their associated light charged
particles (p, d, t, and $\alpha$-particles) have been collected at the IReS
Strasbourg VIVITRON Tandem facility with two bombarding energies
$E_{lab}(^{28}$Si) = 112 and 180 MeV by using the ICARE charged particle
multidetector array, which consists of nearly 40 telescopes. The measured
energy spectra, velocity distributions, in-plane and out-of-plane angular
correlations are analysed by Monte Carlo CASCADE statistical-model calculations
using a consistent set of parameters with spin-dependent level densities.
Although significant deformation effects at high spin are needed, the remaining
disagreement observed in the $^{28}$Si + $^{12}$C reaction for the S
evaporation residue suggests an unexpected large unstable $^{8}$Be cluster
emission of a binary nature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87095 </DOCNO>
Constraint-preserving boundary conditions in numerical relativity


  This is the first paper in a series aimed to implement boundary conditions
consistent with the constraints' propagation in 3D numerical relativity. Here
we consider spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes in vacuum or with a
minimally coupled scalar field, within the Einstein-Christoffel symmetric
hyperbolic formulation of Einstein's equations. By exploiting the
characteristic propagation of the main variables and constraints, we are able
to single out the only free modes at the outer boundary for these problems. In
the vacuum case a single free modes exists which corresponds to a gauge
freedom, while in the matter case an extra mode exists which is associated with
the scalar field. We make use of the fact that the EC formulation has no
superluminal characteristic speeds to excise the singularity. We present a
second-order, finite difference discretization to treat these scenarios, where
we implement these constraint-preserving boundary conditions, and are able to
evolve the system for essentially unlimited times. As a test of the robustness
of our approach, we allow large pulses of gauge and scalar field enter the
domain through the outer boundary. We reproduce expected results, such as
trivial (in the physical sense) evolution in the vacuum case (even in gauge-
dynamical simulations), and the tail decay for the scalar field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75392 </DOCNO>
Cosmon dark matter?


  We investigate if the fluctuations of the scalar field mediating quintessence
-- the cosmon -- can play an important role in cosmology. Small fluctuations
with short wavelength behave similar to a relativistic gas. In contrast, the
contribution to the energy density from horizon size fluctuations may decrease
less rapidly than radiation. We discuss the possibility that the cosmon
fluctuations grow nonlinearly, form lumps and constitute the clustering dark
matter of the universe. Cosmon dark matter would lead to interesting
consequences for the equation of state and the coupling between quintessence
and dark matter.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41194 </DOCNO>
Identified Charged Particles in Quark and Gluon Jets


  A sample of 2.2 million hadronic Z decays, selected from the data recorded by
the Delphi detector at LEP during 1994-1995 was used for an improved
measurement of inclusive distributions of pi+, K+ and p and their antiparticles
in gluon and quark jets. The production spectra of the individual identified
particles were found to be softer in gluon jets compared to quark jets, with a
higher multiplicity in gluon jets as observed for inclusive charged particles.
A significant proton enhancement in gluon jets is observed indicating that
baryon production proceeds directly from colour objects. The maxima, xi^*, of
the xi-distributions for kaons in gluon and quark jets are observed to be
different.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4619 </DOCNO>
Effects of regulation on a self-organized market


  Adapting a simple biological model, we study the effects of control on the
market. Companies are depicted as sites on a lattice and labelled by a fitness
parameter (some `company-size' indicator). The chance of survival of a company
on the market at any given time is related to its fitness, its position on the
lattice and on some particular external influence, which may be considered to
represent regulation from governments or central banks. The latter is rendered
as a penalty for companies which show a very fast betterment in fitness space.
As a result, we find that the introduction of regulation on the market
contributes to lower the average fitness of companies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6034 </DOCNO>
Calculus of Sea-Displacement Operators


  Sea-Displacement Operators for fermions are defined in terms of the Fermi
fields in a one-component Fermi system. The main conclusions of this article
fully corroborate the conjectures made in our earlier works and provide a
mathematically rigorous foundations for these works. These ideas are
generalised to electron-hole systems where we are able to explore clearly the
nature of exciton-exciton interactions. We find that exciton-exciton
interactions in an ideal model of GaAs are not adequately treated as simply of
the two-body type; rather, the interactions are mediated by the exchange of
other bosons that are present in the system. These bosons are identified
explicitly and the exciton Green function is calculated. This excercise is also
intended to be a precursor to a systematic nonperturbative treatment of gauge
theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114366 </DOCNO>
Orbit Feedback System for the Storage Ring of SRRC


  Orbit feedback system plays crucial roles for the operation of the 3rd
generation light source. There are various issues in orbit feedback system
should be addressed to achieve ultimate performance. The orbit feedback system
in SRRC is upgraded recently to satisfy the requirement of demanding users.
Based upon operational experiences of the last few years, new system was
designed with more robustness and flexibility. Performance analysis tools are
also developed to monitor system performance. Algorithms for feedback control,
data acquisition and analysis are described and measurement is also presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5511 </DOCNO>
Anomalies in heat capacity of YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} in normal state


  The temperature dependence of heat capacity for the samples of 90 K phase of
YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} with x = 0.85, 0.90 and 0.95 was investigated above T_c. For
separating the heat capacity into regular and anomalous contributions the
special technique was used. For all the samples the anomalies in intervals
100-200 K (T_{low}), 205-230 K (T_m) and 260-290 K (T_h) were detected. At T =
3T_c the temperature "echo" from superconducting phase transition was
discovered. This "echo" is connected with the anomaly T_h, which is believed to
mark the rise of pairing carriers of charge without phase coherence. We connect
the anomaly T_m with the Neel point of magnetic subsystem which has
antiferromagnetism coexisting with superconductivity. The x - dependence of
entropy S_h points out that T_h - process probably exists only in the
frameworks of 90 K phase. The curves S_m(x) and S_h(x) intersect each other at
the optimal doping. The discovered anomalies mark new lines on the phase
diagram of YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} - compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6547 </DOCNO>
Bose-Einstein condensation of correlated atoms in a trap


  The Bose-Einstein condensation of correlated atoms in a trap is studied by
examining the effect of inter-particle correlations to one-body properties of
atomic systems at zero temperature using a simplified formula for the
correlated two body density distribution. Analytical expressions for the
density distribution and rms radius of the atomic systems are derived using
four different expressions of Jastrow type correlation function. In one case,
in addition, the one-body density matrix, momentum distribution and kinetic
energy are calculated analytically, while the natural orbitals and natural
occupation numbers are also predicted in this case. Simple approximate
expressions for the mean square radius and kinetic energy are also given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148478 </DOCNO>
Kaluza-Klein Reduction in a Warp Geometry Revisited


  We study the Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction of zero-modes of bulk
antisymmetric tensor fields on a non-compact extra dimension in the
Randall-Sundrum model. It is shown that in the Kaluza-Klein reduction on a
non-compact extra dimension we have in general a zero-mode depending on a fifth
dimension in addition to a conventional constant zero-mode in the Kaluza-Klein
reduction on a circle. We examine the localization property of these zero-modes
on a flat Minkowski 3-brane. In particular, it is shown that a 2-form and a
3-form on the brane can be respectively obtained from a 3-form and 4-form in
the bulk by taking the zero-mode dependent on the fifth dimension.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127513 </DOCNO>
HST/STIS Spectroscopy of 3C 273


  We present preliminary results on the low-redshift Lyman alpha forest as
based on STIS spectra of 3C 273. A total of 121 intergalactic Lyman
alpha-absorbing systems were detected, of which 60 are above the 3.5 sigma
completness limit, log N(HI)~12.3. The median Doppler parameter, b=27 km/s, is
similar to that seen at high redshift. However the distribution of HI column
densities (dN/dN(HI) propto N(HI)^-beta) has a steeper slope, beta = 2.02 +-
0.21, than is seen at high redshift. Overall, the observed N(HI)-b distribution
is consistent with that derived from a Lambda CDM hydrodynamic simulation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41350 </DOCNO>
Observation of Color-Suppressed $\overline{B}^0 \to D^{(*)0}X^0$ Decays


  We report the first observation of color-suppressed $\overline{B}^0\to D^0
\pi^0$ and $D^{(*)0} \omega$ decays and evidence of $\overline{B}^0 \to D^{*0}
\pi^0$ and $D^{(*)0} \eta$. The branching fractions are found to be ${\cal B}
(\overline{B}^0\to D^0 \pi^0) = (2.9 ^{+0.4}_{-0.3} \pm 0.6) \times 10^{-4}$,
${\cal B} (\overline{B}^0 \to D^0 \omega) = (1.7 ^{+0.5 +0.3}_{-0.4 -0.4})
\times 10^{-4}$, and ${\cal B} (\overline{B}^0 \to D^{*0} \omega) = (3.4
^{+1.3}_{-1.1}\pm 0.8) \times 10^{-4}$. The analysis is based on a data sample
of 21.3 fb$^{-1}$ collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance by the Belle
detector at the KEKB $e^{+} e^{-}$ collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129401 </DOCNO>
HI and dark matter in spiral galaxies


  We still do not have a "standard" model for the mass distribution of spiral
galaxies. I review various methods used to delimit the range of values of the
mass-to-light ratio of the disk, such as spiral structure criteria, the
influence of bars, warped and flaring HI layers, velocity dispersions, and
features in the rotation curve occuring just beyond the optical radius. It is
not yet clear whether disks are maximal or not.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4000 </DOCNO>
Renormalization group for network models of Quantum Hall transitions


  We analyze in detail the renormalization group flows which follow from the
recently proposed all orders beta functions for the Chalker-Coddington network
model. The flows in the physical regime reach a true singularity after a finite
scale transformation. Other flows are regular and we identify the asymptotic
directions. One direction is in the same universality class as the disordered
XY model.
 The all orders beta function is computed for the network model of the spin
Quantum Hall transition and the flows are shown to have similar properties. It
is argued that fixed points of general current-current interactions in 2d
should correspond to solutions of the Virasoro master equation. Based on this
we identify two coset conformal field theories osp(2N|2N)_1 /u(1)_0 and
osp(4N|4N)_1/su(2)_0 as possible fixed points and study the resulting
multifractal properties. We also obtain a scaling relation between the typical
amplitude exponent alpha_0 and the typical point contact conductance exponent
X_t which is expected to hold when the density of states is constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1351 </DOCNO>
Gapped tunneling spectra in the normal state of Pr$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$


  We present tunneling data in the normal state of the electron doped cuprate
superconductor Pr$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$ for three different values of the doping
$x$. The normal state is obtained by applying a magnetic field greater than the
upper critical field, $H_{c2}$ for $T < T_c$. We observe an anomalous normal
state gap near the Fermi level. From our analysis of the tunneling data we
conclude that this is a feature of the normal state density of states. We
discuss possible reasons for the formation of this gap and its implications for
the nature of the charge carriers in the normal and the superconducting states
of cuprate superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96688 </DOCNO>
Nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials and Demazure characters


  We establish a connection between a specialization of the nonsymmetric
Macdonald polynomials and the Demazure characters of the corresponding affine
Kac-Moody algebra. This allows us to obtain a representation-theoretical
interpretation of the coefficients of the expansion of the specialized
symmetric Macdonald polynomials in the basis formed by the irreducible
characters of the associated finite Lie algebra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127153 </DOCNO>
Angular Momentum Transfer in Protolunar Disk


  We numerically calculated angular momentum transfer processes in a dense
particulate disk within Roche limit by global $N$-body simulations, up to
$N=10^5$, for parameters corresponding to a protolunar disk generated by a
giant impact on a proto-Earth. In the simulations, both self-gravity and
inelastic physical collisions are included. We first formalized expressions for
angular momentum transfer rate including self-gravity and calculated the
transfer rate with the results of our $N$-body simulations. Spiral structure is
formed within Roche limit by self-gravity and energy dissipation of inelastic
collisions, and angular momentum is effectively transfered outward. Angular
momentum transfer is dominated by both gravitational torque due to the spiral
structure and particles' collective motion associated with the structure. Since
formation and evolution of the spiral structure is regulated by the disk
surface density, the angular momentum transfer rate depends on surface density,
but not on particle size or number, so that the time scale of evolution of a
particulate disk is independent on the number of particles ($N$) that is used
to represent the disk, if $N$ is large enough to represent the spiral
structure. With $N=10^5$, the detailed spiral structure is resolved while it is
only poorly resolved with $N=10^3$, however, we found that calculated angular
momentum transfer does not change as long as $N \gtrsim 10^3$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148303 </DOCNO>
On root systems in spaces with degenerate metric


  A root systems in Carroll spaces with degenerate metric are defined. It is
shown that their Cartan matrices and reflection groups are affine. With the
help of the geometric consideration the root system structure of affine
algebras is determined by a sufficiently simple algorithm.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74901 </DOCNO>
On the massless contributions to the vacuum polarization of heavy quarks


  Recently Groote and Pivovarov have given notice of a possible fault in the
use of sum rules involving two-point correlation functions to extract
information on heavy quark parameters, due to the presence of massless
contributions that invalidate the construction of moments of the spectral
densities. Here we show how to circumvent this problem through a new definition
of the moments, providing an infrared safe and consistent procedure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3859 </DOCNO>
XY frustrated systems: continuous exponents in discontinuous phase


  A careful analysis of the experimental and numerical results obtained in 3D
XY frustrated magnets, together with a non perturbative field theoretical
approach of these systems lead to the conclusion that they generically undergo
weak first order phase transitions. This behaviour is shown to be accompanied
by scaling, characterized by pseudo-critical exponents continuously varying
with microscopic details. This is in contradiction with what has been concluded
from perturbative calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168805 </DOCNO>
A possible way to look at the last and future events for two-level


  In view of a three-dimensional picture (3D) of probability to find a particle
at a plane of the frequency and the time (PTF) becomes that process of
absorption and process of radiation for two - level system have different
direction on the time. Both processes are in the past or in the future
depending on named transition due to reversible model of the two-level atom.
The opportunity to know the last history of the resonant event for the
absorption process is for quantum interference interaction or for the resonant
radiation. On the contrary, to predict the resonant event in the future is
possible only by use near resonant atom-field absorption or by use radiation at
a fixed time. The problem of life time for a particle is entered through time
of spontaneous radiation connected with trajectory of the quantum transition.
It is offered to connect a trajectory of a particle during quantum transitions
with distribution of probability to find a particle. The conception of the
spectral history for events due to probability distribution is introduced for
next discussion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 171 </DOCNO>
Mean Field Theory of the Kondo Effect in Quantum Dots with an Even


  We investigate the enhancement of the Kondo effect in quantum dots with an
even number of electrons, using a scaling method and a mean field theory. We
evaluate the Kondo temperature $T_K$ as a function of the energy difference
between spin-singlet and triplet states in the dot, $\Delta$, and the Zeeman
splitting, $E_Z$. If the Zeeman splitting is small, $E_Z \ll T_K$, the
competition between the singlet and triplet states enhances the Kondo effect.
$T_K$ reaches its maximum around $\Delta=0$ and decreases with $\Delta$ obeying
a power law. If the Zeeman splitting is strong, $E_Z \gg T_K$, the Kondo effect
originates from the degeneracy between the singlet state and one of the
components of the triplet state at $-\Delta \sim E_Z$. We show that $T_K$
exhibits another power-law dependence on $E_Z$. The mean field theory provides
a unified picture to illustrate the crossover between these regimes. The
enhancement of the Kondo effect can be understood in terms of the overlap
between the Kondo resonant states created around the Fermi level. These
resonant states provide the unitary limit of the conductance $G\sim 2e^2/h$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125738 </DOCNO>
Simulating Reionization in Numerical Cosmology


  The incorporation of radiative transfer effects into cosmological
hydrodynamical simulations is essential for understanding how the intergalactic
medium (IGM) makes the transition from a neutral medium to one that is almost
fully ionized. Here, we present an approximate numerical method designed to
study in a statistical sense how a cosmological density field is ionized by a
set of discrete point sources. A diffuse background radiation field is also
computed self-consistently in our procedure. The method requires relatively few
time steps and can be employed with simulations having high resolution. We
describe the details of the algorithm and provide a description of how the
method can be applied to the output from a pre-existing cosmological simulation
to study the systematic reionization of a particular ionic species. As a first
application, we compute the reionization of He II by quasars in the redshift
range 3 to 6.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126741 </DOCNO>
USA Observation of Spectral and Timing Evolution During the 2000


  We report on timing and spectral observations of the 2000 outburst of XTE
J1550-564 made by the Unconventional Stellar Aspect (USA) Experiment on board
the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS). We observe a
low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (LFQPO) with a centroid frequency that
tends to increase with increasing flux and a fractional rms amplitude which is
correlated with the hardness ratio. The evolution of the hardness ratio (4--16
keV/1--4 keV) with time and source flux is examined. The hardness-intensity
diagram (HID) shows a cyclical movement in the clockwise direction and possibly
indicates the presence of two independent accretion flows. We observe a
relationship between the USA 4--16 keV count rate and radio observations and
discuss this in the context of previously observed correlations between X-ray,
radio, optical and IR data. We examine our results in the context of models
invoking two accretion flows: a thin disk and a hot sub-Keplerian flow.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114433 </DOCNO>
Constructing Fresnel reflection coefficients by ruler and compass


  A simple and intuitive geometical method to analyze Fresnel formulas is
presented. It applies to transparent media and is valid for perpendicular and
parallel polarizations. The approach gives a graphical characterization
particularly simple of the critical and Brewster angles. It also provides an
interpretation of the relation between the reflection coefficients for both
basic polarizations as a symmetry in the plane.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127935 </DOCNO>
Detection of an inner torus in the Proto planetary Nebulae OH231.8+4.2


  We performed the first VLBI observations of the SiO v=1 and v=2 J=1--0 masers
in a Proto Planetary Nebula OH 231.8+4.2 (also known as the Rotten Egg nebula),
at milliarcsecond resolution. Only the v=2 maser transition was detected. We
detect several maser spots lying along a line which is almost perpendicular to
the axis of symmetry of the Nebula. We find that all the emission is
concentrated in an area of ~10 mas, indicating that the SiO masers are
originated very close to the surface of the star. One of the two emission areas
presents an elongated structure with a clear velocity gradient. The detected
emission is consistent with a torus, or disk, in rotation with a velocity of ~6
km/s and with an infall velocity of ~10 km/s.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127552 </DOCNO>
A multivariate study of mass composition for simulated showers at the


  The output parameters from the ground array of the Auger South observatory,
were simulated for the typical instrumental and environmental conditions at its
Malarg\"ue site using the code sample-sim. Extensive air showers started by
photons, protons and iron nuclei at the top of the atmosphere were used as
triggers. The study utilized the air shower simulation code Aires with both
QGSJet and Sibyll hadronic interaction models. A total of 1850 showers were
used to produce more than 35,000 different ground events. We report here on the
results of a multivariate analysis approach, including principal component
analysis and neural networks, to the development of new primary composition
diagnostics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168509 </DOCNO>
Physical sectors of the confluent hypergeometric functions space


  A relaxed factorization is used to obtain many of the properties obeyed by
the confluent hypergeometric functions. Their implications on the analytical
solutions of some interesting physical problems are also studied. It is quite
remarkable that, although these properties appear frequently in solving the
Schroedinger equation, it has been not clear the role they play in describing
the physical systems. The main objective of this communication is precisely to
throw some light on the subject.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1799 </DOCNO>
Stability of nonlinear stationary waves in composite superconductors


  The thermomagnetic instability of the critical state in superconductors is
analysed with account of the dissipation and dispersion. The possibility is
demonstrated of the existance of a nonlinear shok wave describing the final
stage of the instability evolution in a superconductor. The structures possess
a finite-amplitude and propagate at a constant velocity. The apperance of these
structures is qualititively described and the wave propagation velocity is
estimated. The problem of nonlinear wave stability with respect to small
thermal and electromagnetic perturbations. It is shown that only damped
perturbations correspond to space-limited solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148796 </DOCNO>
The non-perturbative groundstate of Q.C.D and the local composite


  We investigate the possibility that the dimension 2 condensate A_mu^2 has a
non zero non-perturbative value in Yang-Mills theory. We introduce a
multiplicatively renormalisable effective potential for this condensate and
show through two loop calculations that a non zero condensate is energetically
favoured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 938 </DOCNO>
Fluctuation-Dominated Phase Ordering Driven by Stochastically Evolving


  We study a new kind of phase ordering phenomenon in coarse-grained depth (CD)
models of the hill-valley profile of fluctuating surfaces with zero overall
tilt, and for hard-core particles sliding on such surfaces under gravity. For
Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) and Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) surfaces, our analytic and
numerical results show that CD models exhibit coarsening to an ordered steady
state in which the order parameter has a broad distribution even in the
thermodynamic limit. Moreover, the distribution of particle cluster sizes
decays as a power-law (with an exponent $\theta$), and the scaled 2-point
spatial correlation function has a cusp (with an exponent $\alpha = 1/2$) at
small values of the argument. The latter feature indicates a deviation from the
Porod law. For linear CD models with dynamical exponent $z$, we show that
$\alpha = (z - 1)/2$ for $z < 3$, while $\alpha = 1$ for $z > 3$, and there are
logarithmic corrections for $z = 3$. This implies $\alpha = 1/2$ for the EW
surface and 1 for the Golubovic-Bruinsma-Das Sarma-Tamborenea (GBDT) surface.
Within the independent interval approximation we show that $\alpha + \theta =
2$. The scaled density-density correlation function of the sliding particle
model shows a cusp with exponent $\alpha \simeq 0.5$, and 0.25 for the EW and
KPZ surfaces. The particles on the GBDT surface show conventional coarsening
(Porod) behavior with $\alpha \simeq 1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83910 </DOCNO>
Improved Quantum Communication Complexity Bounds for Disjointness and


  We prove new bounds on the quantum communication complexity of the
disjointness and equality problems. For the case of exact and non-deterministic
protocols we show that these complexities are all equal to n+1, the previous
best lower bound being n/2. We show this by improving a general bound for
non-deterministic protocols of de Wolf. We also give an O(sqrt{n}c^{log^*
n})-qubit bounded-error protocol for disjointness, modifying and improving the
earlier O(sqrt{n}log n) protocol of Buhrman, Cleve, and Wigderson, and prove an
Omega(sqrt{n}) lower bound for a large class of protocols that includes the
BCW-protocol as well as our new protocol.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75987 </DOCNO>
Quintessence and variation of the fine structure constant in the CMBR


  We study dependence of the CMB temperature anisotropy spectrum on the value
of the fine structure constant $\alpha$ and the equation of state of the dark
energy component of the total density of the universe. We find that bounds
imposed on the variation of $\alpha$ from the analysis of currently available
CMB data sets can be significantly relaxed if one also allows for a change in
the equation of state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126920 </DOCNO>
Mid Infrared Spectral Energy Distribution of NGC 1068 with 0.1 arcsec


  The central region of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 is imaged in the mid
infrared (MIR) using the Mid-Infrared Test Observation System on the 8.2 m
Subaru Telescope. The oversampling pixel scale associated with shift-and-add
method shows 0.1 arcsec resolution images with a high dynamic range after
deconvolution. Along with an extended structure at a position angle (P.A.) of
-10 degrees with higher surface brightness, another structure extends wider
with lower surface brightness at a P.A. of 20 degrees. The central peak
elongates north-south with FWHM of 0.3 x 0.2 arcsec. Spectral energy
distribution (SED) of the central peak is fitted to have the silicate
absorption feature of tau_9.7um = 0.9 +/- 0.3. This is half of the absorption
expected from the near-infrared (NIR) feature of carbonaceous dust. This
suggests a temperature gradient of the absorbing dust along the line of sight.
Another possibility, which is not distinguishable here, is the size
distribution of dust different from our Galaxy. Intrinsic luminosity of
emission from the central peak is 3 x 10^37 W. The SED shows a hint of the poly
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features. Although a high spatial
resolution MIR spectrum is required, it suggests that the PAH carriers near the
active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are sheltered from the high-energy emission from
the AGNs and the AGNs have nuclear starbursts. For the NIR disklike structures,
no counterparts are detected in the MIR. The nature of the structures remains
unclear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114536 </DOCNO>
Anomalous anapole moment of an exotic nucleus


  Using the information on the nuclear structure of exotic neutron-rich halo
nucleus $^{11}$Be, we evaluate the parity violating anapole moment in its
ground state. The resulting value $\kappa(^{11}$Be)$=0.17$ is fifteen times
bigger than the typical value of the anapole moment of a normal nucleus of the
same mass, and in fact exceeds by few times anapole moments of any known
neutron-odd nuclei (e.g., kappa(^{11}Be) > 2|\kappa(^{207}Pb)|. It is also few
times bigger than the neutral current contribution to the lepton-nucleus
interaction.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5880 </DOCNO>
Line shape in the mirage experiment


  Using a many-body theory, we calculate the change in differential conductance
dI/dV after adding an impurity either on a clean surface or inside an elliptic
quantum corral. Using the same set of parameteres for both cases, the
qualitative features of the voltage dependence of the change in dI/dV observed
in recent experiments, are reproduced.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41296 </DOCNO>
Isospin breaking corrections to low-energy pi-K scattering


  We evaluate the matrix elements for the processes pi^0 K^0 -> pi^0 K^0 and
pi^- K^+ -> pi^0 K^0 in the presence of isospin breaking terms at leading and
next-to-leading order. As a direct application the releveant combination of the
S-wave scattering lengths involved in the pion-kaon atom lifetime is
determined. We discuss the sensitivity of the results with respect to the input
parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148734 </DOCNO>
Topology and perturbation theory


  Paper contains description of the fields nonlinear modes successive
quantization scheme. It is shown that the path integrals for absorption part of
amplitudes are defined on the Dirac ($\d$-like) functional measure. This
permits arbitrary transformation of the functional integral variables. New form
of the perturbation theory achieved by mapping the quantum dynamics in the
space $W_G$ of the ({\it action, angle})-type collective variables. It is shown
that the transformed perturbation theory contributions are accumulated exactly
on the boundary $\pa W_G$. Abilities of the developed formalism are illustrated
by the Coulomb problem. This model is solved in the $W_C$=({\it angle, angular
momentum, Runge-Lentz vector}) space and the reason of its exact integrability
is `emptiness' of $\pa W_C$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113563 </DOCNO>
A bubble theorem


  Proof of a simple mathematical inequality using elements of surface tension
theory and ideal gas law to the formation and coalescence of bubbles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3451 </DOCNO>
Symmetry breaking and phase coexistence in a driven diffusive


  We consider classical hard-core particles moving on two parallel chains in
the same direction. An interaction between the channels is included via the
hopping rates. For a ring, the stationary state has a product form. For the
case of coupling to two reservoirs, it is investigated analytically and
numerically. In addition to the known one-channel phases, two new regions are
found, in particular the one, where the total density is fixed, but the filling
of the individual chains changes back and forth, with a preference for strongly
different densities. The corresponding probability distribution is determined
and shown to have an universal form. The phase diagram and general aspects of
the problem are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6726 </DOCNO>
Possibility between earthquake and explosion seismogram differentiation


  The basic purpose of the paper is to draw the attention of researchers to new
possibilities of differentiation of similar signals having different nature.
One of examples of such kind of signals is presented by seismograms containing
recordings of earthquakes (EQ's) and technogenic explosions (TE's). We propose
here a discrete stochastic model for possible solution of a problem of strong
EQ's forecasting and differentiation of TE's from the weak EQ's. Theoretical
analysis is performed by two independent methods: with the use of statistical
theory of discrete non-Markov stochastic processes (Phys. Rev. E62,6178 (2000))
and the local Hurst exponent. Time recordings of seismic signals of the first
four dynamic orthogonal collective variables, six various plane of phase
portrait of four dimensional phase space of orthogonal variables and the local
Hurst exponent have been calculated for the dynamic analysis of the earth
states. The approaches, permitting to obtain an algorithm of strong EQ's
forecasting and to differentiate TE's from weak EQ's, have been developed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4923 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic fluctuations of Coulomb drag between quasi-ballistic 1D-wires


  Quasiballistic 1D quantum wires are known to have a conductance of the order
of 2e^2/h, with small sample-to-sample fluctuations. We present a study of the
transconductance G_12 of two Coulomb-coupled quasiballistic wires, i.e., we
consider the Coulomb drag geometry. We show that the fluctuations in G_12
differ dramatically from those of the diagonal conductance G_ii: the
fluctuations are large, and can even exceed the mean value, thus implying a
possible reversal of the induced drag current. We report extensive numerical
simulations elucidating the fluctuations, both for correlated and uncorrelated
disorder. We also present analytic arguments, which fully account for the
trends observed numerically.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128120 </DOCNO>
HST imaging of hyperluminous infrared galaxies


  We present HST WFPC2 I band imaging for a sample of 9 Hyperluminous Infrared
Galaxies spanning a redshift range 0.45 < z < 1.34. Three of the sample have
morphologies showing evidence for interactions, six are QSOs. Host galaxies in
the QSOs are reliably detected out to z ~ 0.8. The detected QSO host galaxies
have an elliptical morphology with scalelengths spanning 6.5 < r_{e}(Kpc) < 88
and absolute k corrected magnitudes spanning -24.5 < M_{I} < -25.2. There is no
clear correlation between the IR power source and the optical morphology. None
of the sources in the sample, including F15307+3252, show any evidence for
gravitational lensing. We infer that the IR luminosities are thus real. Based
on these results, and previous studies of HLIRGs, we conclude that this class
of object is broadly consistent with being a simple extrapolation of the ULIRG
population to higher luminosities; ULIRGs being mainly violently interacting
systems powered by starbursts and/or AGN. Only a small number of sources whose
infrared luminosities exceed 10^{13}Lsun are intrinsically less luminous
objects which have been boosted by gravitational lensing.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129305 </DOCNO>
Experimental Searches for Non-Baryonic Dark Matter: WIMP Direct


  An overview of the current status of WIMP direct searches is presented,
emphasizing strategies, achievements and prospects.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86778 </DOCNO>
Fuchsian analysis of S^2xS^1 and S^3 Gowdy spacetimes


  The Gowdy spacetimes are vacuum solutions of Einstein's equations with two
commuting Killing vectors having compact spacelike orbits with T^3, S^2xS^1 or
S^3 topology. In the case of T^3 topology, Kichenassamy and Rendall have found
a family of singular solutions which are asymptotically velocity dominated by
construction. In the case when the velocity is between zero and one, the
solutions depend on the maximal number of free functions. We consider the
similar case with S^2xS^1 or S^3 topology, where the main complication is the
presence of symmetry axes. We use Fuchsian techniques to show the existence of
singular solutions similar to the T^3 case. We first solve the analytic case
and then generalise to the smooth case by approximating smooth data with a
sequence of analytic data. However, for the metric to be smooth at the axes,
the velocity must be 1 or 3 there, which is outside the range where the
constructed solutions depend on the full number of free functions. A plausible
explanation is that in general a spiky feature may develop at the axis, a
situation which is unsuitable for a direct treatment by Fuchsian methods.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74971 </DOCNO>
A new mass relation among the hadron vector resonances


  We show that the hadron vector resonances are described by fields
transforming according to different inequivalent representations of the Lorentz
group: (1/2,1/2) and (1,0)+(0,1). The vector representation (1/2,1/2) is well
studied and corresponds to the gauge fields. On the other hand, the chiral
representations (1,0) and (0,1) are described by the second rank antisymmetric
tensor fields, for which interaction theory has not yet been constructed. In
the framework of the phenomenological Nambu - Jona-Lasinio approach we have
introduced and used all these fields for a description of the vector
resonances. A new mass relation between low-lying hadron vector and
axial-vector resonances is obtained. This relation is in agreement with the
present experimental data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74761 </DOCNO>
Construction of bosons and fermions out of quons


  The quon algebra describes particles, ``quons,'' that are neither fermions
nor bosons, using a label $q$ that parametrizes a smooth interpolation between
bosons ($q = 1$) and fermions ($q = -1$). Understanding the relation of quons
on the one side and bosons or fermions on the other can shed light on the
different properties of these two kinds of operators and the statistics which
they carry. In particular, local bilinear observables can be constructed from
bosons and fermions, but not from quons. In this paper we construct bosons and
fermions from quon operators. For bosons, our construction works for $-1 \leq q
\leq 1$. The case $q=-1$ is paradoxical, since that case makes a boson out of
fermions, which would seem to be impossible. None the less, when the limit $q
\to -1$ is taken from above, the construction works. For fermions, the
analogous construction works for $-1 \leq q \leq 1$, which includes the
paradoxical case $q=1$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86947 </DOCNO>
On the gravitomagnetic clock effect


  General relativity predicts that two freely counter-revolving test particles
in the exterior field of a central rotating mass take different periods of time
to complete the same full orbit; this time difference leads to the
gravitomagnetic clock effect. The effect has been derived for circular
equatorial orbits; moreover, it has been extended via azimuthal closure to
spherical orbits around a slowly rotating mass. In this work, a general formula
is derived for the main gravitomagnetic clock effect in the case of slow motion
along an arbitrary {\it elliptical} orbit in the exterior field of a slowly
rotating mass. Some of the implications of this result are briefly discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126313 </DOCNO>
Lithium as a passive tracer probing the rotating solar tachocline


  The rotational influence on the eddy-diffusivity tensor D_ij for anisotropic
turbulence fields is considered in order to explain the lithium decay law
during the spin-down process of solar-type stars. Rotation proves to be highly
effective in the transfer of chemicals through the solar tachocline (beneath
the convection zone) which is assumed to contain only turbulence with
horizontal motions. The effect is so strong that the tachocline turbulence must
not exceed a limit of ~10^-(3...4) of the rms velocity in the convection zone
in order to let the lithium survive after Gigayears. Such long depletion times
can also be explained by a very small rotational influence upon the
eddy-diffusion tensor if it is realized with correlation times shorter than 15
min. It is argued that such slow and/or short-living turbulence beneath the
convection zone could hardly drive the solar dynamo. In our theory the
diffusion remains small for rapid rotation due to the rotational quenching of
the turbulence. In young stellar clusters like Pleiades, there should be a
(positive) correlation between rotation rate and lithium abundance, where the
fastest stars should have maximal lithium. First inspections of the data seem
to confirm this finding.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41321 </DOCNO>
Measurement of the B^0 and B^+ meson lifetimes with fully reconstructed


  The B0 and B+ meson lifetimes have been measured in e+e- annihilation data
collected in 1999 and 2000 with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies
near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. Events are selected in which one B meson is
fully reconstructed in a hadronic final state while the second B meson is
reconstructed inclusively. A combined fit to the B0 and the B+ decay time
difference distributions yields tau_{B0} = 1.546 +/- 0.032 (stat) +/-
0.022(syst) ps, tau_{B+} = 1.673 +/- 0.032 (stat) +/- 0.023 (syst) ps and
tau_{B+} / tau_{B0} = 1.082 +/- 0.026 (stat) +/- 0.012 (syst).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6642 </DOCNO>
A Transfer Matrix for the Backbone Exponent of Two-Dimensional


  Rephrasing the backbone of two-dimensional percolation as a monochromatic
path crossing problem, we investigate the latter by a transfer matrix approach.
Conformal invariance links the backbone dimension D_b to the highest eigenvalue
of the transfer matrix T, and we obtain the result D_b=1.6431 \pm
 0.0006. For a strip of width L, T is roughly of size 2^{3^L}, but we manage to
reduce it to \sim L!. We find that the value of D_b is stable with respect to
inclusion of additional ``blobs'' tangent to the backbone in a finite number of
points.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2980 </DOCNO>
Analysis of a continuous field theory in two dimensions with use of the


  A formulation of the Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson version of the partition function
of a system with a continuously varying order parameter as a transfer matrix
calculation allows for the application of methods based on the Density Matrix
Renormalization Group (DMRG) to the calculation of the free energy of the O(1)
model. The essence of both the mapping and the DMRG calculation is laid out,
along with results that validate this strategy. This method forms the basis of
a unified approach to the crossover from three to two dimensions in an O(1)
system with a slab-like geometry.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123934 </DOCNO>
Morphology of the large-scale structure


  The Minkowski functionals are a mathematical tool to quantify morphological
features of patterns. Some applications to the matter distribution in galaxy
catalogues and N-body simulations are reviewed, with an emphasis on the effects
of cosmic variance. The conclusions are that (i) the observed large-scale
morphology is sensitive to cosmic variance on scales much larger than the
nonlinear length (approx. 8 Mpc/h), and (ii) the large-scale morphology
predicted by simulations is thus affected by finite-size effects, but
nonetheless a Lambda-CDM model is favored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96750 </DOCNO>
Exact self-similar and two-phase solutions of systems of semilinear


  Exact single-wave and two-wave solutions of systems of equations of
Newell-Whitehead type are presented. The Painleve test and calculations in the
spirit of Hirota are used to construct these solutions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75177 </DOCNO>
Theoretical implications of the possible observation of Higgs bosons at


  Theoretical implications of the possible observation of a Higgs boson with a
mass of about 115 GeV at LEP are discussed. Within the Standard Model a Higgs
boson in this mass range agrees well with the indirect constraints from
electroweak precision data. However, it would nevertheless point towards
physics beyond the Standard Model, in particular to Supersymmetric extensions.
The interpretation of the LEP excess as production of the light or the heavy
CP-even Higgs boson is discussed within the unconstrained MSSM and the mSUGRA,
GMSB and AMSB scenarios. Prospects for Higgs physics at future colliders are
briefly summarized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4153 </DOCNO>
Spin sensitive bleaching and monopolar spin orientation in quantum wells


  Spin sensitive bleaching of the absorption of far-infrared radiation has been
observed in $p$-type GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well structures. The absorption of
circularly polarized radiation saturates at lower intensities than that of
linearly polarized light due to monopolar spin orientation in the first heavy
hole subband. Spin relaxation times of holes in $p$-type material in the range
of tens of ps were derived from the intensity dependence of the absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96001 </DOCNO>
Quantum groups and ribbon G-categories


  For a group G, the notion of a ribbon G-category was introduced by the second
author in a previous work with a view towards constructing 3-dimensional
homotopy quantum field theories (HQFT's) with target K(G,1). We discuss here
how to derive ribbon G-categories from a simple complex Lie algebra g where G
is the center of g. The construction is based on a study of representations of
the quantum group $U_q(g)$ at a root of unity. Under certain assumptions on the
root of unity, the resulting G-categories give rise to numerical invariants of
pairs (a closed oriented 3-manifold M, an element of $H^1(M;G)$) and to
3-dimensional HQFT's.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123510 </DOCNO>
A catalogue of soft X-ray sources in the galactic center region


  We present a catalogue of 107 point-like X-ray sources derived from a
systematic analysis of all the ROSAT PSPC observations of the galactic center
region performed in 1992-1993. Besides SgrA*, the massive black hole at the
galactic center, 41 X-ray sources have been positionally associated with
already classified objects. Twenty are identified with foreground stars and
five with known Low Mass X-ray Binaries. The majority of the sources in our
catalogue still remains unidentified. They are hard and/or severely absorbed
and probably represent a large population of X-ray binaries located in the
galactic center region, accreting at low accretion rates, and still largely
unknown.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126961 </DOCNO>
Pachmarhi Array of \v{C}erenkov Telescopes and its Sensitivity


  Pachmarhi Array of \v{C}erenkov Telescopes (PACT) has been designed to search
for celestial TeV $\gamma-$rays using the wavefront sampling technique. PACT,
located at Pachmarhi, (latitude 22$^\circ$ 28$^\prime$ N, longitude 76$^\circ$
26$^\prime$ E, altitude 1075 m) consists of 25 telescopes deployed over an area
of 80 m $\times$ 100m. Each telescopes consists of 7 parabolic reflectors, each
viewed by a fast phototube behind a 3$^\circ$ mask at the focus. The density
and the arrival time of the photons at the PMT are recorded for each shower.
The energy threshold and collection area of the array are estimated, from Monte
Carlo simulations, to be $\sim$ 900 GeV and 10$^5$ m$^2$ respectively. The
accuracy in determination of arrival angle of a shower is estimated to be about
0.1$^\circ$ in the near vertical direction. About 99% of the off-axis hadronic
events could be rejected from directional information alone. Further, at least
75% of the on-axis hadronic events could be rejected using species sensitive
parameters derived from timing and density measurements. These cuts on data to
reject background would retain $\sim$ 44% of the $\gamma-$ray signal. The
sensitivity of the array for a 5$\sigma$ detection of $\gamma-$ray signal at a
threshold energy of 1 TeV has been estimated to be $\sim$ 4.1 $\times$
10$^{-12}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ for an on source exposure of 50 hours.
The PACT set-up has been fully commissioned and is collecting data. The details
of the system parameters and sensitivity will be presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114165 </DOCNO>
Stationary flows in quantum dissipative closed circuits as a challenge


  Existence of stationary flows in quantum non-dissipative closed circuits is
not surprising - diamagnetic currents in atoms are one of such examples. Here,
a model is constructed and rigorously solved from the Hamiltonian level where
such a dc circular spontaneous flow exists in absence of a magnetic field,
irrespective of presence of dissipation causing otherwise proper relaxation.
The flow causes a spontaneous unidirectional transfer of heat from one bath to
another one, even against temperature step. This is what is explicitly
forbidden by the Clausius form of the Second law of thermodynamics. The
unidirectionality of the flow is caused by that of spontaneous processes known
to bear this property since their introduction by Einstein. The model slightly
improves the previous one (Capek & Sheehan 2001), describes a realistic system
for which experimental results violating the second law were announced, and
fully supports the experimental conclusions (Sheehan 1995). All mathematical
details are exposed, two independent types of mathematical arguments are
invoked, and no approximations that could be made responsible for the striking
conclusions are used. It shows how little the physics beyond the Second law is
still understood.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128012 </DOCNO>
Transient Absorption Features in GRBs and Their Implications for GRB


  The recent detection of a transient absorption feature in the prompt emission
of GRB 990705 has sparked multiple attempts to fit this feature in terms of
photoelectric absorption or resonance scattering out of the line of sight to
the observer. However, the physical conditions required to reproduce the
observed absorption feature turn out to be rather extreme compared to the
predictions of current GRB progenitor models. In particular, strong clumping of
ejecta from the GRB progenitor seems to be required. Using detailed 3D
hydrodynamic simulations of supernova explosions as a guideline, we have
investigated the dynamics and structure of pre-GRB ejecta predicted in various
GRB progenitor models. Based on our results, combined with population synthesis
studies relevant to the He-merger model, we estimate the probability of
observing X-ray absorption features as seen in GRB 990705 to << 1 %.
Alternatively, if the supranova model is capable of producing highly collimated
long-duration GRBs, it may be a more promising candidate to produce observable,
transient X-ray absorption features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4492 </DOCNO>
Phase transitions at surfaces, edges, and corners


  Results of large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of three-dimensional Ising
models with edges and corners are reviewed. At the ordinary transition, angle
dependent critical exponents are observed, whereas at the surface transition
edge and corner critical exponents are non-universal and depend on the details
of the model. The results obtained at the surface transition are compared to
exact findings on critical two-dimensional Ising models with different types of
defect lines.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124470 </DOCNO>
Evidence for Prolonged Main Sequence Stellar Evolution of F Stars in


  Binary F stars exhibit large brightness anomaly, which is defined here as the
difference between the absolute magnitude from the uvby photometry and the
actual absolute magnitude of the star. We have found that the anomaly inversely
correlates with the binary components separation. There is evidence that the
correlation reflects actual population differences between close and wide
binary pairs, in which case it indicates that the anomaly is somehow associated
with the interaction of binary's components. The anomaly has also been found to
correlate with both kinematics and metallicity. The sense of the correlations
implies that the anomaly increases as the star evolves, suggesting a peculiar
evolution of a primary F star in a tight binary pair. This conclusion has
further been supported by the study of the age-velocity relation (AVR) of F
stars that are cataloged in the HIPPARCOS as single. Among these stars, those
with brightness anomaly were previously shown to be most likely unidentified
close binaries. We have found that the AVR of these binary candidates is
different from that of the ``truly single'' F stars. The discrepancy between
the two AVRs indicates that the putative binaries are, on average, older than
similar normal single F stars at the same effective temperature and luminosity,
which is consistent with the inferred peculiar evolution in close binaries. It
appears that this peculiarity is caused by the impact of the components
interaction in a tight pair on stellar evolution, which results in the
prolonged main sequence lifetime of the primary F star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41045 </DOCNO>
B CP-Violation, Mixing and Lifetime Results from Belle


  Recent results on the $B$ CP-violation parameter $\sin2\phi_1$, the
$B^0_d$-$\overline{B}^0_d$ mixing parameter $\Delta m_d$ and $B$-meson
lifetimes are reported. The results are based on 10.5 $fb^{-1}$ of data
collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. Using both semileptonic and hadronic
decay modes the neutral and charged $B$-meson lifetimes are measured to be
$\taubz=1.548\pm0.035 (\mathrm{stat.})$~ps and $\taubm=1.656\pm0.038
(\mathrm{stat.})$~ps. The oscillation frequency $\Delta m_d$ for
$B^0_d$-$\overline{B}^0_d$ mixing is measured to be $0.522\pm0.026
(\mathrm{stat.})$~ps$^{-1}$ using semileptonic modes and $0.527\pm0.032
(\mathrm{stat.})$~ps$^{-1}$ using hadronic modes. The above results are
preliminary. The time evolution of $B^0_d$ decays into $J/\psi K^0_S$,
$\psi(2S) K^0_S$, $\chi_{c1} K^0_S$, $\eta_{c} K^0_S$, $J/\psi K^0_L$ and
$J/\psi \pi^0$ modes are studied to obtain $\sin2\phi_1$. Using 282 fully
reconstructed events, $\sin2\phi_1$ is measured to be $$\sin
2\phi_1=0.58^{+0.32}_{-0.34} (\mathrm{stat.})^{+0.09}_{-0.10} (\mathrm{syst.}
).$$

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124175 </DOCNO>
Imaging of a Complete Sample of IR-Excess PG QSOs


  Ground-based high spatial-resolution optical and near-IR imaging at BIHK' is
presented for a complete sample of optically selected Palomar-Green QSOs which
have infrared excesses at least as great as those of "warm" AGN-like
ultraluminous infrared galaxies. In all cases, the host galaxies of the QSOs
were detected and most have considerable two-dimensional structure. One-half of
the QSOs occur in spiral hosts while an additional one-quarter show extended
merger-induced tidal tails suggestive of mergers between similar-sized disk
galaxies. Eleven percent more are in elliptical hosts, and the remainder are
indeterminate. Slightly more than half of the spiral hosts have strong nuclear
bars or other nuclear disturbances consistent with (but not necessarily
implying) very advanced minor merger systems, bringing the possible merger
fraction to as high as 50%. Several of the host galaxies have knots of star
formation similar to those seen in other merger systems and in the ULIGs.
H-band luminosities of the hosts have a mean of 2.2 L*, and are also consistent
with those found in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. This result suggests that
some, but not all, optically-selected QSOs may have evolved from an
infrared-active state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3875 </DOCNO>
Titanium single electron transistor fabricated by electron-beam


  A new method to fabricate non-superconducting mesoscopic tunnel junctions by
oxidation of Ti is presented. The fabrication process uses conventional
electron beam lithography and shadow deposition through an organic resist mask.
Superconductivity in Ti is suppressed by performing the deposition under a
suitable background pressure. We demonstrate the method by making a single
electron transistor which operated at $T < 0.4$ K and had a moderate charge
noise of $2.5 \times 10^{-3}$ e/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 10 Hz. Based on
nonlinearities in the current-voltage characteristics at higher voltages, we
deduce the oxide barrier height of approximately 110 mV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7289 </DOCNO>
Universality of coupled Potts models


  We study systems of M Potts models coupled by their local energy density.
Each model is taken to have a distinct number of states, and the permutational
symmetry S_M present in the case of identical coupled models is thus broken
initially. The duality transformations within the space of 2^M-1 multi-energy
couplings are shown to have a particularly simple form. The selfdual manifold
has dimension D_M = 2^{M-1}-1. Specialising to the case M=3, we identify a
unique non-trivial critical point in the three-dimensional selfdual space. We
compare its critical exponents as computed from the perturbative
renormalisation group with numerical transfer matrix results. Our main
objective is to provide evidence that at the critical point of three different
coupled models the symmetry S_3 is restored.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72735 </DOCNO>
Lepton asymmetry effect on neutrino oscillations and primordial He-4


  We analyze the effects of lepton asymmetry on neutrino oscillations and on
cosmological nucleosynthesis with active-sterile oscillating neutrinos. It is
shown that small lepton asymmetries, L < 0.01, whose direct kinetic effect on
nucleosynthesis is negligible, still effect nucleosynthesis considerably
through their influence on oscillating neutrinos. Two different cases of lepton
asymmetry are discussed: an initially present and a dynamically generated in
oscillations. Dynamically generated in resonant oscillations asymmetry at small
mixing angles suppresses oscillations, hence, the nucleosynthesis bounds on
neutrino mass differences at small mixings are relaxed. Initially present
asymmetry may suppress or enhance oscillations. The enhancement is a result of
interchanging resonances between neutrino and antineutrino ensembles due to
resonance waves passing through the neutrino and antineutrino spectrum. Updated
nucleosynthesis bounds on neutrino oscillation parameters accounting for lepton
asymmetry are presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96238 </DOCNO>
Lines on contact manifolds II


  Complex contact manifolds have recently received considerable attention. Many
of the newer publications approach contact manifolds via the covering family of
minimal rational curves. This short note furthers the study of these curves.
  It is known that for any point x in X, the subvariety, which is covered by
those curves which contain x, is Legendrian. We will now study the deformations
of these subvarieties which are generated by moving the base point.
  As a main application, we give a positive answer to a question of J.M. Hwang
in the case of contact manifolds: a sufficiently general tangent vector is
contained in at most a single minimal rational curve. The author believes that
this is a necessary step towards a full classification of contact manifolds.
  We give a second application by showing that the normalization of the
subvariety of minimal curves through x is isomorphic to a projective cone.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41267 </DOCNO>
Search for $a_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ mesons in $\phi\to\gamma K\bar K$


  We study the decay $\phi\to\gamma K^+K^-$ taking into account the scalar
mesons production $\phi\to\gamma(f_0+a_0) \to\gamma K^+K^-$ and the final state
radiation. We note that the relative sign between the final state radiation
amplitude and the scalar meson production amplitude is fixed in the $K^+K^-$
loop model which describes data on the $\phi\to \gamma f_0\to\gamma\pi\pi$ and
$\phi\to\gamma a_0\to\gamma\pi\eta$ decays. As consequence this model predicts
the definite interference between the final state radiation and the scalar
resonance production amplitudes. We calculate the mass spectra of the
$\phi\to\gamma K^+K^-$ decay and the differential cross-sections for
$e^+e^-\to\phi\to\gamma K^+K^-$ and for $e^+e^-\to\phi\to\gamma K^0\bar K^0$
reactions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4404 </DOCNO>
Characteristic features of the temperature dependence of the surface


  The real $R_s(T)$ and imaginary $X_s(T)$ parts of the surface impedance
$Z_s(T)=R_s(T)+iX_s(T)$ in polycrystalline MgB$_2$ samples of different density
with the critical temperature $T_c\approx 38$ K are measured at the frequency
of 9.4 GHz and in the temperature range $5\le T<200$ K. The normal skin-effect
condition $R_s(T)=X_s(T)$ at $T\ge T_c$ holds only for the samples of the
highest density with roughness sizes not more than 0.1 $\mu$m. For such samples
extrapolation $T\to 0$ of the linear at $T<T_c/2$ temperature dependences
$\lambda_L(T)=X_s(T)/\omega\mu_0$ and $R_s(T)$ results in values of the London
penetration depth $\lambda_L(0)\approx 600$ \AA and residual surface resistance
$R_{res}\approx 0.8$ m$\Omega$. In the entire temperature range the dependences
$R_s(T)$ and $X_s(T)$ are well described by the modified two-fluid model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96883 </DOCNO>
Highest weight vectors of irreducible representations of the quantum


  The Iwahori-Hecke algebra of type A acts on tensor product space of the
natural representation of the quantum superalgebra U_q(gl(m,n)). We show this
action of the Hecke algebra and the action of U_q(gl(m,n)) on the same space
determine commuting actions of each other. Together with this result and
Gyoja's q-analogue of the Young symmetrizer, we construct a highest weight
vector of each irreducible summmand of the tensor product space.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2611 </DOCNO>
Strong-coupling superconductivity due to soft boson modes in MgB_2,


  We report micro-Raman measurements that reveal a low-energy soft mode at
16-19 meV in MgB_2 which becomes sharper in the superconducting state. With a
boson spectrum based on this mode we reproduce, within Eliashberg theory, the
T_c, the T-shape of the NMR relaxation rate as well as unusual dip-hump
features in available tunneling data. We compare MgB_2 to cuprates,
borocarbides and UPd_2Al_3, where we identify soft bosonic modes at energies
which scale with their T_c suggesting that all these materials are very strong
coupling superconductors to soft bosonic modes, that are possibly precursors of
quantum instabilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 150280 </DOCNO>
Topology of Center Vortices


  The topology of center vortices is studied. For this purpose it is sufficient
to consider mathematically idealised vortices, defined in a gauge invariant way
as closed (infinitely thin) flux surfaces (in D=4 dimensions) which contribute
the n'th power of a non-trivial center element to Wilson loops when they are
n-foldly linked to the latter. In ordinary 3-space generic center vortices
represent closed magnetic flux loops which evolve in time. I show that the
topological charge of such a time-dependent vortex loop can be entirely
expressed by the temporal changes of its writhing number.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127902 </DOCNO>
Broad-line radio galaxies: old and feeble?


  Far-infrared photometry of broad-line radio galaxies shows this class of AGN
to consist of many hot and some cool infrared emitters, with peaks in their
spectral energy distributions around 25 micron or longward of 60 micron,
respectively. Quantitative analysis indicates that this distribution relates to
a substantial dispersion in the strength of the cool dust component: broad-line
radio galaxies are relatively poor in large-scale dust. Possibly they have
undergone a different merger evolution, or are relatively old AGN.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123506 </DOCNO>
Deep VLT spectroscopy of the z=2.49 Radio Galaxy MRC 2104-242: Evidence


  We present spectroscopic observations of the rest-frame UV line emission
around radio galaxy MRC 2104-242 at z=2.49, obtained with FORS1 on VLT Antu.
The morphology of the halo is dominated by two spatially resolved regions. Lya
is extended by >12 arcsec along the radio axis, CIV and HeII are extended by ~8
arcsec. The overall spectrum is typical for that of high redshift radio
galaxies. The most striking spatial variation is that NV is present in the
spectrum of the region associated with the center of the galaxy hosting the
radio source, the northern region, while absent in the southern region.
Assuming that the gas is photoionized by a hidden quasar, the difference in NV
emission can be explained by a metallicity gradient within the halo. This is
consistent with a scenario in which the gas is associated with a massive
cooling flow or originates from the debris of the merging of two or more
galaxies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99245 </DOCNO>
Reinhardt domains with a cusp at the origin


  Let V be a bounded pseudoconvex Reinhardt domain in C^2 with many strictly
pseudoconvex points and logarithmic image W. It was known that the maximal
ideal in $H^{\infty}(V)$ consisting of all functions vanishing at (p,q) in V is
generated by the coordinate functions z-p, w-q (meaning that one can solve the
Gleason problem for $H^{\infty}(V)$) if W is bounded. We show that one can
solve Gleason's problem for $H^{\infty}(V)$ as well if there are positive
numbers $a$, $b$ and a positive rational number k/l such that V looks like
{(z,w) in C^2 : a |w|^l <= |z|^k = b |w|^l} for small (z,w).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169531 </DOCNO>
Peculiarities of the Weyl--Wigner--Moyal formalism for scalar charged


  Relativistic phase-space representation for a class of observables with
matrix-valued Weyl symbols being proportional to the identity matrix
(charge-invariant observables) is proposed. We take into account the
non-trivial charge structure of the position and momentum operators. Evolution
equation coincides with its analog in relativistic quantum mechanics with
non-local Hamiltonian under conditions where there is no particle-pair creation
(free particle and constant magnetic field). Differences between the theories
are connected with peculiarities of the constraints on the initial conditions.
Effective increase in coherence between eigenstates of the Hamiltonian is found
and possibilities of its experimental observation are discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84048 </DOCNO>
New RBF collocation methods and kernel RBF with applications


  A few novel radial basis function (RBF) discretization schemes for partial
differential equations are developed in this study. For boundary-type methods,
we derive the indirect and direct symmetric boundary knot methods. Based on the
multiple reciprocity principle, the boundary particle method is introduced for
general inhomogeneous problems without using inner nodes. For domain-type
schemes, by using the Green integral we develop a novel Hermite RBF scheme
called the modified Kansa method, which significantly reduces calculation
errors at close-to-boundary nodes. To avoid Gibbs phenomenon, we present the
least square RBF collocation scheme. Finally, five types of the kernel RBF are
also briefly presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97361 </DOCNO>
Spectroscopy of Gauge Theories Based on Exceptional Lie Groups


  We generate by computer a basis of invariants for the fundamental
representations of the exceptional Lie groups E(6) and E(7), up to degree 18.
We discuss the relevance of this calculation for the study of supersymmetric
gauge theories, and revisit the self-dual exceptional models. We study the
chiral ring of G(2) to degree 13, as well as a few classical groups. The
homological dimension of a ring is a natural estimator of its complexity and
provides a guideline for identifying theories that have a good chance to be
amenable to a solution.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123359 </DOCNO>
The Mass-Temperature Relation of 22 Nearby Clusters


  We present a new investigation of the mass-temperature (\MTrelation) relation
of 22 nearby clusters based on the analysis of their ROSAT X-ray surface
brightness profiles ($S_{X}(r)$) and their ASCA emission weighted temperatures.
Two methods of the cluster mass estimations are employed and their results are
compared: (1) the conventional $\beta$ model for gas distribution along with
the isothermal and hydrostatic equilibrium assumptions, and (2) the NFW profile
for dark matter distribution whose characteristic density and length are
determined by the observed $S_{X}(r)$. These two models yield essentially the
same goodness of fits for $S_{X}(r)$ and the similar \MTrelation relations,
with the latter demonstrating a significant departure from the simple
gravitational scaling of $M_{tot}\propto T_X^{3/2}$. It is also shown that the
best-fit \MTrelation relations could be reconciled with the theoretical
expectation if the low-temperature clusters ($T_X<3.5$ keV) are excluded from
the list, which lends support to the scenario that the intra-cluster medium is
preheated in the early phase of cluster formation. Together with the
entropy-temperature distribution, the existence of a similarity break at
$T_X=3-4$ keV in the dynamical scaling relations for galaxy clusters has been
confirmed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123864 </DOCNO>
Imaging Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescopes: Techniques and Results


  The hunt for cosmic TeV particle accelerators is prospering through Imaging
Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescopes. We face challenges such as low light levels
and MHz trigger rates, and the need to distinguish between particle air showers
stemming from primary gamma rays and those due to the hadronic cosmic ray
background. Our test beam is provided by the Crab Nebula, a steady accelerator
of particles to energies beyond 20 TeV. Highly variable gamma-ray emission,
coincident with flares at longer wavelengths, is revealing the particle
acceleration mechanisms at work in the relativistic jets of Active Galaxies.
These 200 GeV to 20 TeV photons propagating over cosmological distances allow
us to place a limit on the infra-red background linked to galaxy formation and,
some speculate, to the decay of massive relic neutrinos. Gamma rays produced in
neutralino annihilation or the evaporation of primordial black holes may also
be detectable. These phenomena and a zoo of astrophysical objects will be the
targets of the next generation multi-national telescope facilities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74722 </DOCNO>
Thick Brane Worlds and Their Stability


  Three types of thick branes, i.e., Poincar\'{e}, de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter
brane are considered. They are realized as the non-singular solutions of the
Einstein equations with the non-trivial dilatons and the potentials. The scalar
perturbations of these systems are also investigated. We find that the
effective potentials of the master equations of the scalar perturbations are
positive definite and consequently these systems are stable under the small
perturbations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5807 </DOCNO>
Quantum Groups, Strings and HTSC materials II


  Previously we have indicated the relationship between quantum groups [Phys.
Lett A272, (2000)] and strings via WZWN models in the context of applications
to cuprates and related materials.The connection between quantum groups and
strings is one way of seeing the validity of our previous conjecture [i.e. that
a theory for cuprates may be constructed on the basis of quantum groups]. The
cuprates seems to exhibit statistics, dimensionality and phase transitions in
novel ways. The nature of excitations [i.e. quasiparticle or collective] must
be understood. The Hubbard model captures some of the behaviour of the phase
transitions in these materials. On the other hand the phases such as stripes in
these materials bear relationship to quantum group or string-like solutions.
One thus expects that the relevant solutions of Hubbard model may thus be
written in terms of stringy solutions. In short this approach may lead to the
non-perturbative formualtion of Hubbard and other condensed matter
Hamiltonians. The question arises that how a 1-d based symmetry such as quantum
groups can be relevant in describing a 3-d [spatial dimensions] system such as
cuprates. The answer lies in the key observation that strings which are 1-d
objects can be used to describe physics in $d$ dimensions. For example gravity
[which is a 3-d [spatial] plus time] phenomenon can be understood in terms of
1-d strings. Thus we expect that 1-d quantum group object induces physics in
2-d and 3-d which may be relevant to the cuprates. We present support for our
contention using [numerical] variational Monte-Carlo [MC] applied to 2d d-p
model. We also briefly discuss others ways to formulate a string picture for
cuprates, namely by exploiting connection between gauge theories and strings
and t'Hooft picture of quark confinement.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167983 </DOCNO>
Transient QED effects in absorbing dielectrics


  The spontaneous emission rate of a radiating atom reaches its
time-independent equilibrium value after an initial transient regime. In this
paper we consider the associated relaxation effects of the spontaneous decay
rate of atoms in dispersive and absorbing dielectric media for atomic
transition frequencies near material resonances. A quantum mechanical
description of such media is furnished by a damped-polariton model, in which
absorption is taken into account through coupling to a bath. We show how all
field and matter operators in this theory can be expressed in terms of the bath
operators at an initial time. The consistency of these solutions for the field
and matter operators are found to depend on the validity of certain velocity
sum rules. The transient effects in the spontaneous decay rate are studied with
the help of several specific models for the dielectric constant, which are
shown to follow from the general theory by adopting particular forms of the
bath coupling constant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 993 </DOCNO>
Generic mechanism for generating a liquid-liquid phase transition


  Recent experimental results indicate that phosphorus, a single-component
system, can have two liquid phases: a high-density liquid (HDL) and a
low-density liquid (LDL) phase. A first-order transition between two liquids of
different densities is consistent with experimental data for a variety of
materials, including single-component systems such as water, silica and carbon.
Molecular dynamics simulations of very specific models for supercooled water,
liquid carbon and supercooled silica, predict a LDL-HDL critical point, but a
coherent and general interpretation of the LDL-HDL transition is lacking. Here
we show that the presence of a LDL and a HDL can be directly related to an
interaction potential with an attractive part and two characteristic
short-range repulsive distances. This kind of interaction is common to other
single-component materials in the liquid state (in particular liquid metals),
and such potentials are often used to decribe systems that exhibit a density
anomaly. However, our results show that the LDL and HDL phases can occur in
systems with no density anomaly. Our results therefore present an experimental
challenge to uncover a liquid-liquid transition in systems like liquid metals,
regardless of the presence of the density anomaly.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97383 </DOCNO>
Surfaces and the Sklyanin bracket


  We discuss the Lie Poisson groups structures associated to splittings of the
loop group LGL(N), due to Sklyanin. Concentrating on the finite dimensional
leaves of the associated Poisson structure, we show that the geometry of the
leaves is intimately related to a complex algebraic ruled surface with a
C^*-invariant Poisson structure. In particular, Sklyanin's Lie Poisson
structure admits a suitable abelianisation, once one passes to an appropriate
spectral curve. The Sklyanin structure is then equivalent to one considered by
Mukai, Tyurin and Bottacin on a moduli space of sheaves on the Poisson surface.
The abelianization procedure gives rise to natural Darboux coordinates for
these leaves, as well as separation of variables for the integrable Hamiltonian
systems associated to invariant functions on the group.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129218 </DOCNO>
Generalizing the MOND description of rotation curves


  We present new mathematical alternatives for explaining rotation curves of
spiral galaxies in the MOND context. For given total masses, it is shown that
various mathematical alternatives to MOND, while predicting flat rotation
curves for large galactic radii, predict curves with different peculiar
features for smaller radii. They are thus testable against observational data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128547 </DOCNO>
RR Lyrae variables in the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Leo I


  We report the discovery of a significant population of RR Lyrae variables in
the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Leo I. Based on 40 V and 22 B images of the galaxy
taken using the ESO Wide Field Imager we have identified so far 74 candidate RR
Lyrae's in two CCD's hosting the main body of the galaxy. Full coverage of the
light variations and pulsation periods have been obtained for 54 of them, 47 of
which are Bailey {\it ab}-type RR Lyrae's (RRab's) and 7 are {\it c}-type
(RRc's). The period distribution of the presently confirmed sample of RRab's
peaks at P=0\fd60, with a minimum period of 0\fd54. The pulsational properties
indicate for Leo I an intermediate Oosterhoff type, similar to other dwarf
galaxies in the Local Group and the LMC. However, the rather long minimum
period of the {\it ab}-type variables, and the significant number of RRab's
with long period and large amplitude, suggest that the bulk of the old
population in Leo I is more like the Oosterhoff type II globular clusters. The
most straightforward interpretation is that a range in metallicity is present
among the RR Lyrae's of Leo I, with a significant population of very metal-poor
stars. Alternatively, these OoII variables could be more evolved. The average
apparent magnitude of the RR Lyrae's across the full cycle is $<V(RR)>= 22.60
\pm 0.12$ mag, yielding a distance modulus $(m-M)_{V,0}= 22.04\pm 0.14$ mag for
Leo I on the ``long'' distance scale.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41645 </DOCNO>
PDF uncertainties in WH production at Tevatron


  We apply a method proposed by members of CTEQ Collaboration to estimate the
uncertainty in associated $W$-Higgs boson production at Run II of the Tevatron
due to our imprecise knowledge of parton distribution functions. We find that
the PDF uncertainties for the signal and background rates are of the order 3%.
The PDF uncertainties for the important statistical quantities (significance of
the Higgs boson discovery, accuracy of the measurement of the (WH) cross
section) are smaller (1.5%) due to the strong correlation of the signal and
background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2115 </DOCNO>
Degradation of superconducting properties in MgB2 films by exposure to


  The effect of water exposure on MgB2 is studied by submerging an 800 nm thick
MgB2 film into deionized water at room temperature for 1 hour, 4 hours, 10
hours, and 15 hours, and by analyzing the resulting material using scanning
electron microscopy and resistance vs. temperature measurements. It is clearly
observed that Tconset of these films (obtained by an ex-situ reaction of a
e-beam evaporated boron layer) remains unchanged throughout this process,
indicating that at least a portion of the sample retains its original bulk-like
properties. The data is consistent with an interpretation in which a portion of
the exposed film - likely the region closest to the substrate - becomes
superconducting only at about 25 K. It is possible that this low-Tc region
already exists in the as-prepared film, and we observe that its Tc coincides
with that of MgB2 films obtained by annealing precursor films prepared by
pulsed laser deposition. Therefore the data presented here not only illustrate
the degradation of MgB2 in water but also shed light onto the differences and
similarities between films obtained via different routes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 84076 </DOCNO>
Media Objects in Time - A Multimedia Streaming System


  The widespread availability of networked multimedia potentials embedded in an
infrastructure of qualitative superior kind gives rise to new approaches in the
areas of teleteaching and internet presentation: The distribution of
professionally styled multimedia streams has fallen in the realm of
possibility. This paper presents a prototype - both model and runtime
environment - of a time directed media system treating any kind of
presentational contribution as reusable media object components. The plug-in
free runtime system is based on a database and allows for a flexible support of
static media types as well as for easy extensions by streaming media servers.
The prototypic implementation includes a preliminary Web Authoring platform.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126348 </DOCNO>
Late-type stars members of young stellar kinematic groups - I. Single


  This is the first paper of a series aimed at studying the properties of
late-type stars members of young stellar kinematic groups. We concentrate our
study on classical young moving groups as: Local Association (Pleiades moving
group, 20 - 150 Myr), IC 2391 supercluster (35 Myr), Ursa Major group (Sirius
supercluster, 300 Myr), and Hyades supercluster (600 Myr); as well as on
recently identified groups as: Castor moving group (200 Myr). In this paper we
have compiled a preliminary list of single late-type stars possible members of
some of these young stellar kinematic groups. Stars have been selected from
previously established members of stellar kinematic groups based on photometric
and kinematic properties as well as from candidates based on other criteria as
their level of chromospheric activity, rotation rate, lithium abundance.
Precise measurements of proper motions and parallaxes taken from Hipparcos
Catalogue, as well as from Tycho-2 Catalogue, and published radial velocity
measurements are used to calculate the Galactic space motions (U, V, W) and to
apply the Eggen's kinematic criteria in order to determine the membership of
the selected stars to the different groups. Additional criteria using
age-dating methods for late-type stars will be applied in forthcoming papers of
this series. A further study of the list of stars compiled here could lead to a
better understanding of the chromospheric activity and their age evolution as
well as of the star formation history in the solar neighbourhood. In addition,
these stars are also potential search targets for direct imaging detection of
sub-stellar companions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76351 </DOCNO>
Parton Saturation-An Overview


  The idea of partons and the utility of using light-cone gauge in QCD are
introduced. Saturation of quark and gluon distributions are discussed using
simple models and in a more general context. The Golec-Biernat W\usthoff model
and some simple phenomenology are described. A simple, but realistic, equation
for unitary, the Kovchegov equation, is discussed, and an elementary derivation
of the JIMWLK equation is given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126950 </DOCNO>
Web Availability of MACHO Data


  The MACHO Project generated two-color photometric lightcurves for 73 million
stars in the LMC, SMC, and the galactic bulge during its 8 years of observing.
This photometry, along with all images and a catalog of LMC variable stars, is
now available for viewing or download from the MACHO Project websites,
http://wwwmacho.anu.edu.au/ or http://wwwmacho.mcmaster.ca/ . The capabilities and
organization of the new data retrieval facility is described in this paper.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75777 </DOCNO>
Limits on the Non-commutativity Scale


  A non-vanishing vacuum expectation value for an antisymmetric tensor field
leads to the violation of Lorentz invariance, controlled by the dimension (-2)
parameter, theta_{mu nu}. We assume that the zeroth order term in
theta-expansion represents the Standard Model and study the effects induced by
linear terms in theta_{mu nu}. If coupling to theta_{mu nu} is realized in
strongly interacting sector of the theory, the clock comparison experiments
place the limit on the possible size of this background at the level of
1/\sqrt{theta}>~5X10^{14} GeV. If the interaction with theta_{mu nu} is
initially present only in the QED sector, this limit can be relaxed to
10^{11}-10^{12} GeV level. The strength of these limits obviates the
inferiority of collider physics with regard to experimental checks of Lorentz
invariance. Limits of similar strength are expected to hold in the case of
mixed non-commutativity between four-dimensional and extra-dimensional
coordinates. We also show that in certain models mixed non-commutativity can be
interpreted as 4d CPT-violating background.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98169 </DOCNO>
On sequences cat (f\sp k)


  We prove that, for every decreasing sequence {a \sb k} of natural numbers,
there exists a map f: X --> X with cat (f\sp k)=a\sb k.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148225 </DOCNO>
BPS Equations, BPS States, and Central Charge of N=2 Supersymmetric


  We derive the central charge and BPS equations from the low-energy effective
action for N=2 SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in the Coulomb phase, using a
systematic, canonical procedure. We then obtain solutions for monopole and dyon
BPS states, whose core structure is described by a dual Lagrangian containing
the monopole or dyon as a fundamental field. Spherically symmetric states
possess a shell of charge at a characteristic radius.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97452 </DOCNO>
Hochschild Cohomology of Factors with Property $\Gamma$


  The main result of this paper is that the continuous Hochschild cohomology
groups $H^k(M,M)$ and $H^k(M,B(H))$ of a von Neumann factor M in B(H) of type
$II_1$ with property $\Gamma$ are zero for all positive integers k. The method
of proof involves the construction of hyperfinite subfactors with special
properties and a new inequality of Grothendieck type for multilinear maps. We
prove joint continuity in the 2-norm of separately ultraweakly continuous
multilinear maps, and combine these results to reduce to the case of completely
bounded cohomology which is already solved.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179305 </DOCNO>
Why is the J/$\psi$ suppression enhanced at large transverse energy ?


  We study the ratio of $J/\psi$ over minimum bias in $Pb$ $Pb$ collisions at
SPS energy. The NA50 data exhibit a sharp turn-over at $E_T \sim 100$ GeV
(close to the knee of the $E_T$ distribution) followed by a steady, steep
decrease at larger $E_T$. We show that this behaviour can be explained by the
combined effects of a small decrease of the hadronic $E_T$ in the $J/\psi$
event sample (due to the $E_T$ taken by the $J/\psi$ trigger), together with
the sharp decrease of the $E_T$ distributions in this $E_T$ region (tail). This
phenomenon does not affect the (true) ratio $J/\psi$ over $DY$ (obtained by the
NA50 standard analysis), but does affect the one obtained by the so-called
minimum bias analysis. A good agreement is obtained with the data coming from
both analysis -- as well as with the ratios of $J/\psi$ and $DY$ over minimum
bias -- in the whole $E_{T}$ region.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41804 </DOCNO>
Crystal experiments on efficient beam extraction


  Silicon crystal was channeling and extracting 70-GeV protons from the U-70
accelerator with efficiency of 85.3+-2.8% as measured for a beam of 10^12
protons directed towards crystals of 2 mm length in spills of 1-2 s duration.
The experimental data follow very well the prediction of Monte Carlo
simulations. This success is important to devise a more efficient use of the
U-70 accelerator in Protvino and provides a crucial support for implementation
of crystal-assisted collimation of gold ion beam in RHIC and slow extraction
from AGS onto E952, now in preparation at Brookhaven Nat'l Lab. Future
applications, spanning in the energy from sub-GeV (medical) to order of 1 GeV
(scraping in the SNS, extraction from COSY) to order of 1 TeV and beyond
(scraping in the Tevatron, LHC, VLHC), can benefit from these studies.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76436 </DOCNO>
Virtual quarks, vacuum stability and scalar meson physics


  Results are reviewed, which provide relations between the response (and
eventual instability) of the chiral QCD vacuum to an increase of the number of
massless quarks in the theory and the observed violations of the large $N_c$
expansion in the scalar meson sector, by combining chiral perturbation theory
expansions in $m_s$ with sum rule methods. An approach based on the
construction of scalar form-factors was recently confirmed by an independent
approach which uses the $\pi K$ scattering amplitudes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125293 </DOCNO>
Spectrophotometric Investigation of a Sample of Tidal Dwarf Galaxies


  We define a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy (TDG) as a self-gravitating entity of
dwarf-galaxy mass built from tidal material expelled during interactions. We
then summarize our findings on broad-band imaging and spectroscopy of a sample
of TDG candidates in a sequence of interacting systems. Evidence for decoupled
kinematics in the ionized gas have been found in several objects. This could
indicate that they are bound galaxies and therefore genuine TDGs. As a detailed
example we analyze the system AM 1159-530, where surprisingly high velocity
gradients have been measured.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83558 </DOCNO>
Compact Encodings of Planar Graphs via Canonical Orderings and Multiple


  Let G be a plane graph of n nodes, m edges, f faces, and no self-loop. G need
not be connected or simple (i.e., free of multiple edges). We give three sets
of coding schemes for G which all take O(m+n) time for encoding and decoding.
Our schemes employ new properties of canonical orderings for planar graphs and
new techniques of processing strings of multiple types of parentheses.
  For applications that need to determine in O(1) time the adjacency of two
nodes and the degree of a node, we use 2m+(5+1/k)n + o(m+n) bits for any
constant k > 0 while the best previous bound by Munro and Raman is 2m+8n +
o(m+n). If G is triconnected or triangulated, our bit count decreases to 2m+3n
+ o(m+n) or 2m+2n + o(m+n), respectively. If G is simple, our bit count is
(5/3)m+(5+1/k)n + o(n) for any constant k > 0. Thus, if a simple G is also
triconnected or triangulated, then 2m+2n + o(n) or 2m+n + o(n) bits suffice,
respectively.
  If only adjacency queries are supported, the bit counts for a general G and a
simple G become 2m+(14/3)n + o(m+n) and (4/3)m+5n + o(n), respectively.
  If we only need to reconstruct G from its code, a simple and triconnected G
uses roughly 2.38m + O(1) bits while the best previous bound by He, Kao, and Lu
is 2.84m.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179733 </DOCNO>
Gamow-Teller strength and the spin-isospin coupling constants of the


  We investigate the effects of the spin-isospin channel of the Skyrme energy
functional on predictions for Gamow-Teller distributions and superdeformed
rotational bands. We use the generalized Skyrme interaction SkO' to describe
even-even ground states and then analyze the effects of time-odd spin-isospin
couplings, first term by term and then together via linear regression. Some
terms affect the strength and energy of the Gamow-Teller resonance in finite
nuclei without altering the Landau parameter g_0' that to leading order
determines spin-isospin properties of nuclear matter. Though the existing data
are not sufficient to uniquely determine all the spin-isospin couplings, we are
able to fit them locally. Altering these coupling constants does not change the
quality with which the Skyrme functional describes rotational bands.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73152 </DOCNO>
Power Law in Hadron Production


  In high energy p+p(bar) interactions the mean multiplicity and transverse
mass spectra of neutral mesons from eta to Upsilon (m = 0.5 - 10 GeV/c^2) and
the transverse mass spectra of pions (m_T > 1 GeV/c^2) reveal a remarkable
behaviour: they follow, over more than 10 orders of magnitude, the power-law
function:The parameters C and P are energy dependent, but similar for all
mesons produced at the same collision energy. This scaling resembles that
expected in the statistical description of hadron production: the parameter P
plays the role of a temperature and the normalisation constant C is analogous
to the system volume. The fundamental difference is, however, in the form of
the distribution function. In order to reproduce the experimental results and
preserve the basic structure of the statistical approach the Boltzmann factor
e^(-E/T) appearing in standard statistical mechanics has to be substituted by a
power-law factor (E/Lambda)^(-P).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149420 </DOCNO>
Don't Panic! Closed String Tachyons in ALE Spacetimes


  We consider closed string tachyons localized at the fixed points of
noncompact nonsupersymmetric orbifolds. We argue that tachyon condensation
drives these orbifolds to flat space or supersymmetric ALE spaces. The decay
proceeds via an expanding shell of dilaton gradients and curvature which
interpolates between two regions of distinct angular geometry. The string
coupling remains weak throughout. For small tachyon VEVs, evidence comes from
quiver theories on D-branes probes, in which deformations by twisted couplings
smoothly connect non-supersymmetric orbifolds to supersymmetric orbifolds of
reduced order. For large tachyon VEVs, evidence comes from worldsheet RG flow
and spacetime gravity. For $\IC^2/\IZ_n$, we exhibit infinite sequences of
transitions producing SUSY ALE spaces via twisted closed string condensation
from non-supersymmetric ALE spaces. In a $T$-dual description this provides a
mechanism for creating NS5-branes via {\it closed} string tachyon condensation
similar to the creation of D-branes via {\it open} string tachyon condensation.
We also apply our results to recent duality conjectures involving fluxbranes
and the type 0 string.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7339 </DOCNO>
Tunneling of quantum rotobreathers


  We analyze the quantum properties of a system consisting of two nonlinearly
coupled pendula. This non-integrable system exhibits two different symmetries:
a permutational symmetry (permutation of the pendula) and another one related
to the reversal of the total momentum of the system. Each of these symmetries
is responsible for the existence of two kinds of quasi-degenerated states. At
sufficiently high energy, pairs of symmetry-related states glue together to
form quadruplets. We show that, starting from the anti-continuous limit,
particular quadruplets allow us to construct quantum states whose properties
are very similar to those of classical rotobreathers. By diagonalizing
numerically the quantum Hamiltonian, we investigate their properties and show
that such states are able to store the main part of the total energy on one of
the pendula. Contrary to the classical situation, the coupling between pendula
necessarily introduces a periodic exchange of energy between them with a
frequency which is proportional to the energy splitting between
quasi-degenerated states related to the permutation symmetry. This splitting
may remain very small as the coupling strength increases and is a decreasing
function of the pair energy. The energy may be therefore stored in one pendulum
during a time period very long as compared to the inverse of the internal
rotobreather frequency.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3057 </DOCNO>
The Static Dielectric Constant of a Colloidal Suspension


  We derive an expression for the static dielectric constant of the colloidal
susp ensions based on the electrokinetic equations. The analysis assumes that
the ions have the same diffusivity, and that the double layer is much thinner
than the radius of curvature of the particles. It is shown that the dielectric
increment of the double layer polarization mechanism is originated from the
free energy stored in the salt concentration inhomogeniety. We also show that
the dominant polarization charges in the theory are at the electrodes, rather
than close to the particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86314 </DOCNO>
Physical Components, Coordinate Components, and the Speed of Light


  For generalized coordinate systems, the numerical values of vector and tensor
components do not generally equal the physical values, i.e., the values one
would measure with standard physical instruments. Hence, calculating physical
components from coordinate components is important for comparing experiment
with theory. Surprisingly, however, this calculational method is not widely
known among physicists, and is rarely taught in relativity courses, though it
is commonly employed in at least one other field (applied mechanics.) Different
derivations of this method, ranging from elementary to advanced level, are
presented. The result is then applied to clarify the oftentimes confusing issue
of whether or not the speed of light in non-inertial frames is equal to c.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74178 </DOCNO>
Spin-dependent twist-4 matrix elements from the instanton vacuum:


  We estimate the twist-4 spin-1 nucleon matrix element f_2 in an
instanton-based description of the QCD vacuum. In addition to the
flavor-nonsinglet we compute also the flavor-singlet matrix element, which
appears in next-to-leading order of the (1/N_c)-expansion. The corresponding
twist-3 spin-2 matrix elements d_2 are suppressed in the packing fraction of
the instanton medium, (\bar \rho)/(\bar R) << 1. We use our results to estimate
the leading (1/Q^2) power corrections to the first moment of the proton and
neutron spin structure functions G_1, as well as the intrinsic charm
contribution to the nucleon spin.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75705 </DOCNO>
Temperature Dependence of Gluon and Quark Condensates as from Linear


  The gluon and quark condensates and their temperature dependence are
investigated within QCD premises. The input for the former is a gauge invariant
$gg$ kernel made up of the direct (D), exchange (X) and contact(C) QCD
interactions in the lowest order, but with the perturbative propagator $k^{-2}$
replaced by a `non-perturbative $k^{-4}$ form obtained via two
differentiations: $ \mu^2 \partial_m^2 (m^2+k^2)^{-1}$, ($\mu$ a scale
parameter), and then setting $m=0$, to simulate linear confinement. Similarly
for the input $q{\bar q}$ kernel the gluon propagator is replaced by the above
$k^{-4}$ form. With these `linear' simulations, the respective condensates are
obtained by `looping' up the gluon and quark lines in the standard manner.
Using Dimensional regularization (DR), the necessary integrals yield the
condensates plus temperature corrections, with a common scale parameter $\mu$
for both. For gluons the exact result is $$ <GG> =
{36\mu^4}\pi^{-3}\alpha_s(\mu^2)[2-\gamma - 4\pi^2 T^2/(3\mu^2)]$$. Evaluation
of the quark condensate is preceded by an approximate solution of the SDE for
the mass function $m(p)$, giving a recursive formula, with convergence achieved
at the third iteration. Setting the scale parameter $\mu$ equal to the
universal Regge slope $1 GeV^2$, the gluon and quark condensates at T=0 are
found to be $0.586 Gev^4$ and $(240-260 MeV)^3$ respectively, in fair accord
with QCD sum rule values. Next, the temperature corrections (of order $-T^2$
for both condensates) is determined via finite-temperature field theory a la
Matsubara. Keywords: Gluon Condensate, mass tensor, gauge invariance, linear
confinement, finite-temperature, contour-closing. PACS: 11.15.Tk ; 12.38.Lg ;
13.20.Cz

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148301 </DOCNO>
QM on non-commutative plane


  In this paper we describe two simple applications of quantum mechanics on a
non-commutative plane. We derive corrections to the standard (commutative)
Hamiltonian spectrum for hydrogen-like atom and isotropic linear harmonic
oscillator. In the case of LHO we consider the non-commutativity of the
momentum operators too.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4060 </DOCNO>
Optical investigation on the electronic structures of Y_{2}Ru_{2}O_{7},


  We investigated the electronic structures of the bandwidth-controlled
ruthenates, Y$_{2}$Ru$_{2}$O$_{7}$, CaRuO$_{3}$, SrRuO$_{3}$, and Bi$_{2}$Ru$%
_{2}$O$_{7}$, by optical conductivity analysis in a wide energy region of 5 meV
$\sim $ 12 eV. We could assign optical transitions from the systematic changes
of the spectra and by comparison with the O 1$s$ x-ray absorption data. We
estimated some physical parameters, such as the on-site Coulomb repulsion
energy and the crystal-field splitting energy. These parameters show that the
4$d$ orbitals should be more extended than 3$d$ ones. These results are also
discussed in terms of the Mott-Hubbard model.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72416 </DOCNO>
Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation in Time Variable and Oscillation of


  Fractional derivative in time variable is introduced into the Fokker-Planck
equation of a population growth model. It's solution, the KNO scaling function,
is transformed into the generating function for the multiplicity distribution.
Formulas of the factorial moment and the $H_j$ moment are derived from the
generating function, which reduces to that of the negative binomial
distribution (NBD), if the fractional derivative is replaced to the ordinary
one. In our approach, oscillation of $H_j$ moment appears contrary to the case
of the NBD. Calculated $H_j$ moments are compared with those given from the
data in $p\bar{p}$ collisions and in $e^+e^-$ collisions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76026 </DOCNO>
Structure functions at large x


  Structure function data together with other measurements from fixed-target
deep inelastic scattering and hadron-hadron collider experiments which
contribute to our knowledge of the parton density functions are reviewed. The
inclusive cross-section measurements of neutral and charged current
interactions at HERA are presented and their impact on the parton density
functions is discussed. Future prospects for an improved knowledge of the
parton density functions at large x are briefly mentioned.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87226 </DOCNO>
Bounding the graviton mass with binary pulsar observations


  By comparing the observed orbital decay of the binary pulsars PSRB1913+16 and
PSRB1534+12 to that predicted by general relativity due to gravitational-wave
emission, we are able to bound the mass of the graviton to be less than
$7.6\times10^{-20} \text{eV}/c^2$ at 90% confidence. This is the first such
bound to be derived from dynamic gravitational fields. It is approximately two
orders of magnitude weaker than the static-field bound from solar system
observations, and will improve with further observations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4589 </DOCNO>
Parallel Magnetic Field Induced Glass-Like Behavior of Disordered


  Dramatic glass-like behavior involving nonexponential relaxation of in-plane
electrical conduction, has been induced in quench-condensed ultrathin amorphous
Bi films by the application of a parallel magnetic field. The effect is found
over a narrow range of film thicknesses well on the insulating side of the
thickness-tuned superconductor-insulator transition. The simplest explanation
of this field-induced glass-like behavior is a Pauli principle blocking of
hopping transport between singly occupied states when electrons are polarized
by the magnetic field. A second explanation involving weak coupling of
superconducting clusters by intercluster interactions of random sign is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2571 </DOCNO>
C-axis Josephson Plasma Resonance Observed in


  We have unambiguously observed the c-axis Josephson Plasma Resonance (JPR) in
high-T$_{c}$ cuprate Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$ superconducting thin
films employing terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in transmission as a
function of temperature in zero magnetic field. These are the first
measurements of the JPR temperature dependence of a high-$T_{c}$ material in
transmission. With increasing temperature, the JPR shifts from 705 GHz at 10 K
to $\sim$170 GHz at 98 K corresponding to a c-axis penetration depth increasing
from 20.1$\pm$0.6 $\mu$m to 84$\pm$9 $\mu$m. The linewidth of the JPR peak
increases with temperature, indicative of an increase in the quasiparticle
scattering rate. We have probed the onset of the c-axis phase coherence to
$\sim$0.95T$_{c}$. The JPR vanishes above T$_{c}$ as expected.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73829 </DOCNO>
BPS String Solutions in Non-Abelian Yang-Mills Theories and Confinement


  Starting from the bosonic part of N=2 Super QCD with a 'Seiberg-Witten' N=2
breaking mass term, we obtain string BPS conditions for arbitrary semi-simple
gauge groups. We show that the vacuum structure is compatible with a symmetry
breaking scheme which allows the existence of Z_k-strings and which has
Spin(10) -> SU(5) x Z_2 as a particular case. We obtain BPS Z_k-string
solutions and show that they satisfy the same first order differential
equations as the BPS string for the U(1) case. We also show that the string
tension is constant, which may cause a confining potential between monopoles
increasing linearly with their distance.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1062 </DOCNO>
Quantum Theory of a Nematic Fermi Fluid


  We develop a microscopic theory of the electronic nematic phase proximate to
an isotropic Fermi liquid in both two and three dimensions. Explicit
expressions are obtained for the small amplitude collective excitations in the
ordered state; remarkably, the nematic Goldstone mode (the directorwave) is
overdamped except along special directions dictated by symmetry. At the quantum
critical point we find a dynamical exponent of $z=3$, implying stability of the
gaussian fixed point. The leading perturbative effect of the overdamped
Goldstone modes leads to a breakdown of Fermi liquid theory in the nematic
phase and to strongly angle dependent electronic self energies around the Fermi
surface. Other metallic liquid crystal phases, {\it e. g.} a quantum hexatic,
behave analogously.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41010 </DOCNO>
Insights on neutrino lensing


  We discuss the gravitational lensing of neutrinos by astrophysical objects.
Unlike photons, neutrinos can cross a stellar core; as a result, the lens
quality improves. We also estimate the depletion of the neutrino flux after
crossing a massive object and the signal amplification expected. While Uranians
alone would benefit from this effect in the Sun, similar effects could be
considered for binary systems.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3626 </DOCNO>
Redistribution of Spectral Weight in Spin-1/2-Doped Haldane Chains


  We study the evolution of the dynamical spin structure factor in a spin-1
antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain which is randomly doped with spin-1/2
moments. Using stochastic series expansion Quantum Monte Carlo simulations
combined with the Maximum Entropy method, we monitor the crossover from the
spin-1 chain, dominated by a single resonance at the Haldane energy, to the
spin-1/2 chain with a continuum of spinon states which diverges at
zero-frequency. Upon increasing the doping level, spectral weight is rapidly
transferred from the Haldane peak to lower energies. If the exchange couplings
between the spin-1/2 substituents and the spin-1 sites of the host are
sufficiently small, finite-frequency bound states are observed below the spin
gap for small doping concentrations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128188 </DOCNO>
Modeling Star Formation from Turbulent Fragmentation


  Star formation is intimately linked to the dynamical evolution of molecular
clouds. Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores
form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding
cloud material. Using numerical models of self-gravitating supersonic
turbulence, efficiency, spatial distribution and timescale of star formation in
turbulent interstellar clouds are estimated. Turbulence that is not
continuously replenished or that is driven on large scales leads to a rapid
formation of stars in a clustered mode, whereas interstellar turbulence that
carries most energy on small scales results in isolated star formation with low
efficiency. The clump mass spectrum for models of pure hydrodynamic turbulence
is steeper than the observed one, but gets close to it when gravity is
included. The mass spectrum of dense cores is log-normal for decaying and
large-wavelength turbulence, similar to the IMF, but is too flat in the case of
small-scale turbulence. The three-dimensional models of molecular cloud
fragmentation can be combined with dynamical pre-main sequence stellar
evolution calculations to obtain a consistent description of all phases of the
star formation process. First results are reported for a one solar mass
protostar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4557 </DOCNO>
Theory of coherent Bragg spectroscopy of a trapped Bose-Einstein


  We present a detailed theoretical analysis of Bragg spectroscopy from a
Bose-Einstein condensate at T=0K. We demonstrate that within the linear
response regime, both a quantum field theory treatment and a meanfield
Gross-Pitaevskii treatment lead to the same value for the mean evolution of the
quasiparticle operators. The observable for Bragg spectroscopy experiments,
which is the spectral response function of the momentum transferred to the
condensate, can therefore be calculated in a meanfield formalism. We analyse
the behaviour of this observable by carrying out numerical simulations in
axially symmetric three-dimensional cases and in two dimensions. An approximate
analytic expression for the observable is obtained and provides a means for
identifying the relative importance of three broadening and shift mechanisms
(meanfield, Doppler, and finite pulse duration) in different regimes. We show
that the suppression of scattering at small values of q observed by
Stamper-Kurn et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2876 (1999)] is accounted for by the
meanfield treatment, and can be interpreted in terms of the interference of the
u and v quasiparticle amplitudes. We also show that, contrary to the
assumptions of previous analyses, there is no regime for trapped condensates
for which the spectral response function and the dynamic structure factor are
equivalent. Our numerical calculations can also be performed outside the linear
response regime, and show that at large laser intensities a significant
decrease in the shift of the spectral response function can occur due to
depletion of the initial condensate.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128524 </DOCNO>
The Chandra Deep Field South: the 1 Million Second


  We present the main results from our 940 ksec observation of the Chandra Deep
Field South (CDFS), using the source catalog described in an accompanying paper
(Giacconi et al. 2001). We extend the measurement of source number counts to
5.5e-17 erg/cm^2/s in the soft 0.5-2 keV band and 4.5e-16 erg/cm^2/s in the
hard 2-10 keV band. The hard band LogN-LogS shows a significant flattening
(slope~=0.6) below ~1e-14 erg/cm^2/s, leaving at most 10-15% of the X-ray
background (XRB) to be resolved, the main uncertainty lying in the measurement
of the total flux of the XRB. On the other hand, the analysis in the very hard
5-10 keV band reveals a relatively steep LogN-LogS (slope ~=1.3) down to 1e-15
erg/cm^2/s. Together with the evidence of a progressive flattening of the
average X-ray spectrum near the flux limit, this indicates that there is still
a non negligible population of faint hard sources to be discovered at energies
not well probed by Chandra, which possibly contribute to the 30 keV bump in the
spectrum of the XRB. We use optical redshifts and identifications, obtained
with the VLT, for one quarter of the sample to characterize the combined
optical and X-ray properties of the CDFS sample. Different source types are
well separated in a parameter space which includes X-ray luminosity, hardness
ratio and R-K color. Type II objects, while redder on average than the field
population, have colors which are consistent with being hosted by a range of
galaxy types. Type II AGN are mostly found at z<~1, in contrast with
predictions based on AGN population synthesis models, thus suggesting a
revision of their evolutionary parameters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98925 </DOCNO>
Vers un algorithme pour la r\'eduction stable des rev\^etements


  In his Ph. D. thesis, C. Lehr offers an algorithm which gives the stable
model for p-cyclic covers of the projective line over a p-adic field under the
conditions that the branch locus whose cardinal is m+1 has the so called
equidistant geometry and m<p. In this note we give an algorithm also in the
equidistant geometry case but without condition on m. In particular we are able
to study the reduction at 2 of hyperelliptic curves with equidistant branch
locus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2230 </DOCNO>
Transition Matrix Monte Carlo Method


  We present a formalism of the transition matrix Monte Carlo method. A
stochastic matrix in the space of energy can be estimated from Monte Carlo
simulation. This matrix is used to compute the density of states, as well as to
construct multi-canonical and equal-hit algorithms. We discuss the performance
of the methods. The results are compared with single histogram method,
multi-canonical method, and other methods. In many aspects, the present method
is an improvement over the previous methods.
  PACS numbers: 02.70.Tt, 05.10.Ln, 05.50.+q. Keywords: Monte Carlo method,
flat histogram, multi-canonical ensemble.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168547 </DOCNO>
Synthesis and characterization of entangled mesoscopic superpositions


  We propose a scheme for the generation and reconstruction of entangled states
between the internal and external (motional) degrees of freedom of a trapped
electron. Such states also exhibit quantum coherence at a mesoscopic level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5795 </DOCNO>
Realization of a large J_2 quasi-2D spin-half Heisenberg system:


  Exchange couplings are calculated for Li2VOSiO4 using LDA. While the sum of
in-plane couplings J_1 + J_2 = 9.5 \pm 1.5 K and the inter-plane coupling
J_{perp} \sim 0.2 - 0.3 K agree with recent experimental data, the ratio
J_2/J_1 \sim 12 exceeds the reported value by an order of magnitude. Using
geometrical considerations, high temperature expansions and perturbative mean
field theory, we show that the LDA derived exchange constants lead to a
remarkably accurate description of the properties of these materials including
specific heat, susceptibility, Neel temperature and NMR spectra.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148762 </DOCNO>
Electric-Magnetic Duality and WDVV Equations


  We consider the associativity (or WDVV) equations in the form they appear in
Seiberg-Witten theory and prove that they are covariant under generic
electric-magnetic duality transformations. We discuss the consequences of this
covariance from various perspectives.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2134 </DOCNO>
Strong Soret effect in one dimension


  We consider a one-dimensional gas of two kinds of particles with different
masses interacting through short range interactions. The system exhibits an
extreme form of the Soret effect: when the ends of the system are in contact
with thermal baths of different temperatures, there is complete separation of
the species. We show how this separation can be well described in the Boltzmann
approximation and discuss the origin of this odd behavior.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73042 </DOCNO>
Nucleons in the Covariant Quark-Diquark Model


  We introduce diquarks as separable correlations in the two-quark Green's
function to facilitate the description of baryons as relativistic three-quark
bound states. These states then emerge as solutions of Bethe-Salpeter equations
for quarks and diquarks that interact via quark exchange. Approximating quark
and diquark propagators by the corresponding free ones, we calculate nucleon
static properties and form factors. For the description of production processes
off the nucleon, we consider various dressing functions for the propagators to
remove unphysical thresholds. Results for kaon photoproduction, $\gamma p\to
K\Lambda$, and associated strangeness production, $pp\to pK\Lambda$, allow us
to draw conclusions on the permissibility of different dressing functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41383 </DOCNO>
STAR Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter Absolute Calibration Using


  The procedure for the STAR Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter (BEMC) absolute
calibrations, using penetrating charged particle hits (MIP-hits) from physics
events at RHIC, is presented. Its systematic and statistical errors are
evaluated. It is shown that, using this technique, the equalization and
transfer of the absolute scale from the test beam can be done to a percent
level accuracy in a reasonable amount of time for the entire STAR BEMC.
MIP-hits would also be an effective tool for continuously monitoring the
variations of the BEMC tower's gains, virtually without interference to STAR's
main physics program. The method does not rely on simulations for anything
other than geometric and some other small corrections, and also for estimations
of the systematic errors. It directly transfers measured test beam responses to
operations at RHIC.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6832 </DOCNO>
Chaotic Electron Motion in Superlattices. Quantum-Classical


  We investigate the classical-quantum correspondence for particle motion in a
superlattice in the form of a 2D channel with periodic modulated boundaries.
Its classical dynamics undergoes the generic transition to chaos of Hamiltonian
systems as the amplitude of the modulation is increased. We show that for
strong chaotic motion, the classical counterpart of the structure of
eigenstates (SES) in energy space reveals an excellent agreement with the
quantum one. This correspondence allows us to understand important features of
the SES in terms of classical trajectories. We also show that for typical 2D
modulated waveguides there exist, at any energy range, extremely localized
eigenstates (in energy) which are practically unperturbed by the modulation.
These states contribute to the strong fluctuations around the classical SES.
The approach to the classical limit is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124361 </DOCNO>
Internal shocks in the jets of radio-loud quasars


  The central engine causing the production of jets in radio sources may work
intermittently, accelerating shells of plasma with different mass, energy and
velocity. Faster but later shells can then catch up slower earlier ones. In the
resulting collisions shocks develop, converting some of the ordered bulk
kinetic energy into magnetic field and random energy of the electrons which
then radiate. We propose that this internal shock scenario, which is the
scenario generally thought to explain the observed gamma-ray burst radiation,
can work also for radio sources in general, and for blazar in particular. We
investigate in detail this idea, simulating the birth, propagation and
collision of shells, calculating the spectrum produced in each collision, and
summing the locally produced spectra from those regions of the jet which are
simultaneously active in the observer's frame. We can thus construct snapshots
of the overall spectral energy distribution as well as time dependent spectra
and light curves. This allows us to characterize the predicted variability at
any frequency, study correlations among the emission at different frequencies,
specify the contribution of each region of the jet to the total emission, find
correlations between flares at high energies and the birth of superluminal
radio knots and/or radio flares. The model has been applied to qualitatively
reproduce the observed properties of 3C 279. Global agreement in terms of both
spectra and temporal evolution is found. In a forthcoming work, we explore the
constraints which this scenario sets on the initial conditions of the plasma
injected in the jet and the shock dissipation for different classes of blazars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 87091 </DOCNO>
Cosmological contraction of the atomic space-time scale


  Quantum mechanical effects related to the recently developed projective
theory of relativity are considered. It is shown that at cosmological time
intervals the light velocity increases and the atomic units of length and time
are shrinking. A new derivation of the Hubble Law is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76208 </DOCNO>
Electric-Magnetic Duality and the Dualized Standard Model


  In these lectures I shall explain how a new-found nonabelian duality can be
used to solve some outstanding questions in particle physics. The first lecture
introduces the concept of electromagnetic duality and goes on to present its
nonabelian generalization in terms of loop space variables. The second lecture
discusses certain puzzles that remain with the Standard Model of particle
physics, particularly aimed at nonexperts. The third lecture presents a
solution to these problems in the form of the Dualized Standard Model, first
proposed by Chan and the author, using nonabelian dual symmetry. The
fundamental particles exist in three generations, and if this is a
manifestation of dual colour symmetry, which by 't Hooft's theorem is
necessarily broken, then we have a natural explanation of the generation
puzzle, together with tested and testable consequences not only in particle
physics, but also in astrophysics, nuclear and atomic physics.
  Reported is mainly work done in collaboration with Chan Hong-Mo, and also
various parts with Peter Scharbach, Jacqueline Faridani, Jos\'e Bordes, Jakov
Pfaudler, Ricardo Gallego severally.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83785 </DOCNO>
Security Considerations for Remote Electronic Voting over the Internet


  This paper discusses the security considerations for remote electronic voting
in public elections. In particular, we examine the feasibility of running
national federal elections over the Internet. The focus of this paper is on the
limitations of the current deployed infrastructure in terms of the security of
the hosts and the Internet itself. We conclude that at present, our
infrastructure is inadequate for remote Internet voting.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97286 </DOCNO>
Yamabe metrics on cylindrical manifolds


  We study a particular class of open manifolds. In the smooth category these
are manifolds with cylindrical ends. We give a natural setting for the
conformal geometry on such manifolds including an appropriate notion of
cylindrical Yamabe constant/invariant. This leads to corresponding version of
the Yamabe problem on cylindrical manifolds. We affirmatively solve this Yamabe
problem: we prove the existence results and analyze singularities of minimizing
metrics near infinity. These singularities turns out to be of very particular
type: either almost conical or almost cusp singularities. We describe the
limiting case, i.e. when the cylindrical Yamabe constant is equal to the Yamabe
invariant of the sphere. We prove that in this case a cylindrical manifold
coincides with the standard sphere punctured at finite number of points. In the
course of studying the limiting case we establish Positive Mass Theorem for
manifolds with two almost conical singularities. As a by-product, we revisit
known results on the surgery and the Yamabe invariant. Key words: manifolds
with cylindrical ends, Yamabe constant/invariant, Yamabe problem, conical
metric singularities, cusp metric singularities, Positive Mass Theorem, surgery
and Yamabe invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86903 </DOCNO>
Radiation from perfect mirrors starting from rest and the black body


  We address the question of radiation emission from a perfect mirror that
starts from rest and follows the trajectory z=-ln(cosht) till t->Infinity. We
show that a correct derivation of the black body spectrum via the calculation
of the Bogolubov amplitudes requires consideration of the whole trajectory and
not just of its asymptotic part.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72609 </DOCNO>
Vector mesons in Quasilocal Quark Models


  We consider the Quasilocal Quark Model of NJL type including vector and
axial-vector four-fermion interaction with derivatives. In the presence of a
strong attraction in the scalar channel the chiral symmetry is spontaneously
broken and as a consequence the composite meson states are generated in the
vector and axial-vector channels. The appropriate set of Chiral Symmetry
Restoration Sum Rules in these channels are imposed as matching rules to QCD at
intermediate energies. The mass spectrum and some decay constants for ground
and excited meson states are calculated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126441 </DOCNO>
Soft X-ray Spectroscopy of Seyfert 2 Galaxies


  Soft X-ray spectroscopy of Seyfert 2 galaxies offers perhaps the best method
to probe the possible connection between AGN activity and star formation.
Obscuration of powerful radiation from the inferred nucleus allows for detailed
study of circumnuclear emission regions. And soft X-ray spectroscopy of these
regions allows for robust discrimination between warm gas radiatively driven by
the AGN and hot collisionally-driven gas possibly associated with star
formation. A simple model of a (bi-)cone of gas photoionized and photoexcited
by a nuclear power-law continuum is sufficient to explain the soft X-ray
spectra of all Seyfert 2 galaxies so far observed by the XMM-Newton and Chandra
satellites. An upper limit of around 10 percent to an additional hot,
collisionally-driven gas contribution to the soft X-ray regime appears to hold
for five different Seyfert 2 galaxies, placing interesting constraints on
circumnuclear star formation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6679 </DOCNO>
Extraordinary magnetization behavior of single crystalline


  We report the observation of a field-induced transformation from the
easy-plane antiferromagnetic structure to the easy-axis ferrimagnetic structure
in a single crystal of TbFe_4.4Al_7.6 (tetragonal ThMn_12 structure) at 5 K.
Such a field-induced, irreversible transition has been identified for the first
time. This transition is accompanied by a giant orthorhombic distortion:
epsilon_aa = - epsilon_bb ~ 3.5x10^-4 that is associated with a magnetic
hardness (mu_0H_C ~ 3 T) that is unprecedented in this category of materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76691 </DOCNO>
U-70 Proton Synchrotron Extracted Beam Lines Control System


  A 70 GeV Proton Synchrotron Extracted Beam Lines Control System is described.
About 130 Magnet Dipoles and Quadrupoles, 20 Correction Magnets, 50 Beam
Collimators, BPM equipment spread over 1 Km have to be controlled. The old
System was based on the PDP-11/40 and LSI-11 compatible computers and the MIL
1553 STD as a Field Bus. It successfully operated about 15 years. A new system
includes home made Equipment Controllers based on I 8051 Processors, CAN Field
Bus, FECs, Servers, Consoles connected by Ethernet. On the first stage of
modernization PDPs and LSIs are replaced with PCs connected by Ethernet.
Equipment controllers are being successfully tested in the Collimators and
Corrector Magnets Controls during a run.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4442 </DOCNO>
Structural glass on a lattice in the limit of infinite dimensions


  We construct a mean field theory for the lattice model of a structural glass
and solve it using the replica method and one step replica symmetry breaking
ansatz; this theory becomes exact in the limit of infinite dimensions.
Analyzing stability of this solution we conclude that the metastable states
remain uncorrelated in a finite temperature range below the transition, but
become correlated at sufficiently low temperature. We find dynamic and
thermodynamic transition temperatures as functions of the density and construct
a full thermodynamic description of a typical physical process in which the
system gets trapped in one metastable state when cooled below vitrification
temperature. We find that for such physical process the entropy and pressure at
the glass transition are continuous across the transition while their
temperature derivatives have jumps.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149886 </DOCNO>
Thick brane world model from perfect fluid


  A (1 + d)-dimensional thick "brane world" model with varying Lambda-term is
considered. The model is generalized to the case of a chain of Ricci-flat
internal spaces when the matter source is an anisotropic perfect fluid. The
"horizontal" part of potential is obtained in the Newtonian approximation. In
the multitemporal case (with a Lambda-term) a set of equations for potentials
is presented.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 423 </DOCNO>
Monte Carlo determination of the phase diagram of the double-exchange


  We study the phase diagram of the double exchange model, with
antiferromagnetic interactions, in a cubic lattice both at zero and at finite
temperature. There is a rich variety of magnetic phases, combined with regions
where phase separation takes place. We identify phases, intrinsic to the cubic
lattice, which are stable for realistic values of the interactions and dopings.
Some of these phases break chiral symmetry, leading to unusual features.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168695 </DOCNO>
Supersymmetry and the relationship between a class of singular


  The eigenvalues of the potentials
$V_{1}(r)=\frac{A_{1}}{r}+\frac{A_{2}}{r^{2}}+\frac{A_{3}}{r^{3}}+\frac{A_{4
}}{r^{4}}$,
$V_{2}(r)=B_{1}r^{2}+\frac{B_{2}}{r^{2}}+\frac{B_{3}}{r^{4}}+\frac{B_{4}}{r^
{6}}$, and of the special cases of these potentials such as the Kratzer and
Goldman-Krivchenkov potentials, are obtained in $N$-dimensional space. The
explicit dependence of these potentials in higher-dimensional space is
discussed, which have not been previously linked.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41701 </DOCNO>
The TESLA Detector


  For the superconducting linear collider TESLA a multi purpose detector has
been designed. This detector is optimised for the important physics processes
expected at a next generation linear collider up to around 1 TeV and is
designed for the specific environment of a superconducting collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2667 </DOCNO>
Quantum Step Heights in Hysteresis Loops of Molecular Magnets


  We present an analytical theory on the heights of the quantum steps observed
in the hysteresis loops of molecular magnets. By considering the dipolar
interaction between molecular spins, our theory successfully yields the step
heights measured in experiments, and reveals a scaling law for the dependence
of the heights on the sweeping rates hidden in the experiment data on Fe$_8$
and Mn$_4$. With this theory, we show how to accurately determine the tunnel
splitting of a single molecular spin from the step heights.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 552 </DOCNO>
Optimal conditions for observing Josephson oscillations in a double-well


  The Josephson oscillations between condensates in a double-well trap are
known theoretically to be strongly effected by the mean field interaction in
dilute atomic gases. The most important effect is that the amplitude of
oscillation in the relative population of the two wells is greatly suppressed
due to the mean field interaction, which can make it difficult to observe the
Josephson effect. Starting from the work of Raghavan, Smerzi, Fantoni, and
Shenoy, we calculate the maximum amplitude of oscillation in the relative
population as a function of various physical parameters, such as the trap
aspect ratio, the Gaussian barrier height and width, and the total number of
atoms in the condensate. We also compare results for ${}^{23}$Na and
${}^{87}$Rb. Our main new result is that the maximum amplitude of oscillation
depends strongly on the aspect ratio of the harmonic trap and can be maximized
in a ``pancake'' trap, as used in the experiment of Anderson and Kasevich.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168193 </DOCNO>
Applications of the nilpotent Dirac state vector


  The nilpotent version of the Dirac equation is applied to the baryon
wavefunction, the strong interaction potential, electroweak mixing, and Dirac
and Klein-Gordon propagators. The results are used to interpret a
quaternion-vector model of particle structures.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169234 </DOCNO>
Quantum-optical states in finite-dimensional Hilbert space. II. State


  In the second part of our review (for the first part see quant-ph/0108080),
we discuss a physical model for generation of "truncated" coherent and squeezed
states in finite-dimensional Hibert spaces.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169530 </DOCNO>
Atom Lasers, Coherent States, and Coherence:II. Maximally Robust


  As discussed in Wiseman and Vaccaro [quant-ph/9906125], the stationary state
of an optical or atom laser far above threshold is a mixture of coherent field
states with random phase, or, equivalently, a Poissonian mixture of number
states. We are interested in which, if either, of these descriptions of
$\rho_{ss}$, is more natural. In the preceding paper we concentrated upon
whether descriptions such as these are physically realizable (PR). In this
paper we investigate another relevant aspect of these ensembles, their
robustness. A robust ensemble is one for which the pure states that comprise it
survive relatively unchanged for a long time under the system evolution. We
determine numerically the most robust ensembles as a function of the parameters
in the laser model: the self-energy $\chi$ of the bosons in the laser mode, and
the excess phase noise $\nu$. We find that these most robust ensembles are PR
ensembles, or similar to PR ensembles, for all values of these parameters. In
the ideal laser limit ($\nu=\chi=0$), the most robust states are coherent
states. As the phase noise $\nu$ or phase dispersion $\chi$ is increased, the
most robust states become increasingly amplitude-squeezed. We find scaling laws
for these states. As the phase diffusion or dispersion becomes so large that
the laser output is no longer quantum coherent, the most robust states become
so squeezed that they cease to have a well-defined coherent amplitude. That is,
the quantum coherence of the laser output is manifest in the most robust PR
states having a well-defined coherent amplitude. This lends support to the idea
that robust PR ensembles are the most natural description of the state of the
laser mode. It also has interesting implications for atom lasers in particular,
for which phase dispersion due to self-interactions is expected to be large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125659 </DOCNO>
Formation of an ordered phase in neutron star matter


  In this work, we explore the possible formation of ordered phases in hadronic
matter, related to the presence of hyperons at high densities. We analyze a
microscopic mechanism which can lead to the crystallization of the hyperonic
sector by the confinement of the hyperons on the nodes of a lattice. For this
purpose, we introduce a simplified model of the hadronic plasma, in which the
nuclear interaction between protons, neutrons and hyperons is mediated by meson
fields. We find that, for some reasonable sets of values of the model
parameters, such ordered phases are energetically favoured as density increases
beyond a threshold value.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113387 </DOCNO>
Combustion Models in Finance


  Combustion reaction kinetics models are used for the description of a special
class of bursty Financial Time Series. The small number of parameters they
depend upon enable financial analysts to predict the time as well as the
magnitude of the jump of the value of the portfolio. Several Financial Time
Series are analysed within this framework and applications are given.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73235 </DOCNO>
Gold-plated processes at photon colliders


  We review the most important topics and objectives of the physics program of
the gamma-gamma, gamma-electron collider (photon collider) option for an e+e-
linear collider.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 99184 </DOCNO>
On the cohomology of frobeniusian model Lie algebras


  We compute the first and second cohomology groups with coefficients in the
adjoint module of frobeniusian model algebras whose parameters move in a dense
open subset of $\mathbb{C}^{p-1}$, and obtain upper bounds for the dimension of
cohomology groups of frobeniusian Lie algebras. Moreover, it is shown that for
a dense open subset of $\mathbb{C}^{p-1}$ the deformations of model algebras
also belong to the family. Therefore any frobeniusian non-model algebra
contracts on some element of the model whose parameters move on a finite union
of hyperplanes. Further applications as the nullity of Rim's quadratic map
 $sq_{1}$ are obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129572 </DOCNO>
X-raying the Ultraluminous Infrared Starburst Galaxy and Broad


  With 40 ks of Chandra ACIS-S3 exposure, new information on both the starburst
and QSO components of the X-ray emission of Markarian 231, an ultraluminous
infrared galaxy and Broad Absorption Line QSO, has been obtained. The bulk of
the X-ray luminosity is emitted from an unresolved nuclear point source, and
the spectrum is remarkably hard with the majority of the flux emitted above 2
keV. Most notably, significant nuclear variability (a decrease of ~45% in
approximately 6 hours) at energies above 2 keV indicates that Chandra has
probed within light hours of the central black hole. Though we concur with
Maloney & Reynolds that the direct continuum is not observed, this variability
coupled with the 188 eV upper limit on the equivalent width of the FeKalpha
emission line argues against the reflection-dominated model put forth by these
authors based on their ASCA data. Instead, we favor a model in which a small,
Compton-thick absorber blocks the direct X-rays, and only indirect, scattered
X-rays from multiple lines of sight can reach the observer. Extended soft,
thermal emission encompasses the optical extent of the galaxy and exhibits
resolved structure. An off-nuclear X-ray source with a 0.35-8.0 keV luminosity
of L_X=7x10^{39} erg s^{-1}, consistent with the ultraluminous X-ray sources in
other nearby starbursts, is detected. We also present an unpublished FOS
spectrum from the HST archive showing the broad C IV absorption.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179172 </DOCNO>
The three-dimensional Ising model: A paradigm of liquid-vapor


  Clusters in the three-dimensional Ising model rigorously obey reducibility
and thermal scaling up to the critical temperature. The barriers extracted from
Arrhenius plots depend on the cluster size as $B \propto A^{\sigma}$ where
$\sigma$ is a critical exponent relating the cluster size to the cluster
surface. All the Arrhenius plots collapse into a single Fisher-like scaling
function indicating liquid-vapor-like phase coexistence and the univariant
equilibrium between percolating clusters and finite clusters. The compelling
similarity with nuclear multifragmentation is discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97179 </DOCNO>
Twisted bundles and admissible covers


  The cherry on top of this stacky paper is the following: for any g>1 we give
a finite group G such that the moduli space of connected admissible G-covers of
genus g is a smooth, fine moduli space, which is a Galois cover of the moduli
space of stable curves.
  The proof relies on methods introduced by Looijenga and Pikaart-De Jong, and
on the theory of twisted G-covers, a theory announced without proofs in
math.AG/9811059, section 3, and developed in the first few sections of this
paper. This includes a moduli description of the normalization of the
Harris-Mumford space of admissible covers, and a study of moduli of stable
curves with abelian and non-abelian level structure.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124964 </DOCNO>
Pulsar Polar Cap Heating and Surface Thermal X-Ray Emission I. Curvature


  We investigate the effect of pulsar polar cap (PC) heating produced by
positrons returning from the upper pair formation front. Our calculations are
based on a self-consistent treatment of the pair dynamics and the effect of
electric field screening by the returning positrons. We calculate the resultant
X-ray luminosities, and discuss the dependence of the PC heating efficiencies
on pulsar parameters, such as characteristic spin-down age, spin period, and
surface magnetic field strength. In this study we concentrate on the regime
where the pairs are produced in a magnetic field by curvature photons emitted
by accelerating electrons. Our theoretical results are not in conflict with the
available observational X-ray data and suggest that the effect of PC heating
should significantly contribute to the thermal X-ray fluxes from middle-aged
and old pulsars. The implications for current and future X-ray observations of
pulsars are briefly outlined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123811 </DOCNO>
Element Synthesis in Stars


  Except for 1H, 2H, 3He, 4He, and 7Li, originating from the Big Bang, all
heavier elements are made in stellar evolution and stellar explosions. Nuclear
physics, and in many cases nuclear structure far from stability, enters in a
crucial way. Therefore, we examine in this review the role of nuclear physics
in astrophysics in general and in particular how it affects stellar events and
the resulting nucleosynthesis. Stellar modeling addresses four major aspects:
1. energy generation and nucleosynthesis, 2. energy transport via conduction,
radiation or possibly convection, 3. hydrodynamics/hydrostatics, and finally 4.
thermodynamic properties of the matter involved. Nuclear Physics enters via
nuclear reaction cross sections and nuclear structure (affecting the
composition changes and nuclear energy generation), neutrino-nucleon and
neutrino-nucleus cross sections (affecting neutrino opacities and transport),
and e.g. the equation of state at and beyond nuclear densities which creates a
relation between the nuclear many-body problem and the hydrodynamic response
like pressure and entropy. In the following we review these four topics by
highlighting the role and impact of nuclear physics in each of these aspects of
stellar modeling. The main emphasis is put on the connection to element
synthesis.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 910 </DOCNO>
Ground state ferromagnetism in a doubly orbitally degenerate model


  In the present paper the ground state of a double orbitally degenerate model
at weak intra-atomic interaction is studied using the Green functions method.
Beside the diagonal matrix elements of electron-electron interactions the model
includes correlated hopping integrals and inter-atomic exchange interaction.
The influence of orbital degeneracy with Hund's rule coupling, correlated
hopping and inter-atomic direct exchange on the ferromagnetic ordering is
investigated. The expressions for ground state energy and magnetization, the
criterion of transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic ground state as
functions of the model parameters are obtained. The obtained results are
compared with some experimental data for magnetic materials.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148422 </DOCNO>
Currents and charges for mixed fields


  We present an analysis of currents and charges for a system of two mixed
fields, both for spinless bosons and for Dirac fermions. This allows us to
obtain in a straightforward way the exact field theoretical oscillation
formulas exhibiting corrections with respect to the usual ones derived in
quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7145 </DOCNO>
Correlation studies of open and closed states fluctuations in an ion


  Ion current fluctuations occurring within open and closed states of large
conductance locust potassium channel (BK channel) were investigated for the
existence of correlation. Both time series, extracted from the ion current
signal, were studied by the autocorrelation function (AFA) and the detrended
fluctuation analysis (DFA) methods. The persistent character of the short- and
middle-range correlations of time series is shown by the slow decay of the
autocorrelation function. The DFA exponent $\alpha$ is significantly larger
than 0.5. The existence of strongly-persistent long-range correlations was
detected only for closed-states fluctuations, with $\alpha=0.98\pm0.02$. The
long-range correlation of the BK channel action is therefore determined by the
character of closed states. The main outcome of this study is that the memory
effect is present not only between successive conducting states of the channel
but also independently within the open and closed states themselves. As the ion
current fluctuations give information about the dynamics of the channel
protein, our results point to the correlated character of the protein movement
regardless whether the channel is in its open or closed state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95786 </DOCNO>
Fractals in Noncommutative Geometry


  To any spectral triple (A,D,H) a dimension d is associated, in analogy with
the Hausdorff dimension for metric spaces. Indeed d is the unique number, if
any, such that |D|^-d has non trivial logarithmic Dixmier trace. Moreover, when
d is finite non-zero, there always exists a singular trace which is finite
nonzero on |D|^-d, giving rise to a noncommutative integration on A.
  Such results are applied to fractals in R, using Connes' spectral triple, and
to limit fractals in R^n, a class which generalises self-similar fractals,
using a new spectral triple. The noncommutative dimension or measure can be
computed in some cases. They are shown to coincide with the (classical)
Hausdorff dimension and measure in the case of self-similar fractals.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2181 </DOCNO>
Collective excitation frequencies and vortices of a Bose-Einstein


  We study the collective excitations of a neutral atomic Bose-Einstein
condensate with gravity-like $1/r $ interatomic attraction induced by
electromagnetic wave. Using the time-dependent variational approach, we derive
an analytical spectrum for monopole and quadrupole mode frequencies of a
gravity-like self-bound Bose condensed state at zero temperature. We also
analyze the excitation frequencies of the Thomas-Fermi-gravity (TF-G) and
gravity (G) regimes. Our result agrees excellently with that of Giovanazzi {\em
et al}. [Europhysics Letters, {\bf 56}, 1 (2001)], which is obtained within the
sum-rule approach. We also consider the vortex state. We estimate the
superfluid coherence length and the critical angular frequencies to create a
vortex around the $ z $-axis. We find that the TF-G regime can exhibit the
superfluid properties more prominently than the G-regime. We find that the
monopole mode frequency of the condensate decreases due to the presence of a
vortex.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1888 </DOCNO>
Kondo effect in coupled quantum dots under magnetic fields


  The Kondo effect in coupled quantum dots is investigated theoretically under
magnetic fields. We show that the magnetoconductance (MC) illustrates peak
structures of the Kondo resonant spectra. When the dot-dot tunneling coupling
$V_C$ is smaller than the dot-lead coupling $\Delta$ (level broadening), the
Kondo resonant levels appear at the Fermi level ($E_F$). The Zeeman splitting
of the levels weakens the Kondo effect, which results in a negative MC. When
$V_{C}$ is larger than $\Delta$, the Kondo resonances form bonding and
anti-bonding levels, located below and above $E_F$, respectively. We observe a
positive MC since the Zeeman splitting increases the overlap between the levels
at $E_F$. In the presence of the antiferromagnetic spin coupling between the
dots, the sign of MC can change as a function of the gate voltage.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168208 </DOCNO>
Magnetic translation and Berry's phase factor through adiabatically


  For a spin subjected to an adiabatically changing magnetic field, the solid
angle result as embodied by a rotation operator is the only path-dependent
factor in the quantum evolution operator. For a charged particle, the infinite
degeneracy calls for a rigorous investigation. We find that in this case, it is
the product of the rotation operator and a path-ordered magnetic translation
operator that enters into the evolution operator and determines the geometric
phase. This result agrees with the fact that the instantaneous hamiltonian is
invariant under magnetic translation as well as rotation. Experimental
verification of the result is proposed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5104 </DOCNO>
Localization of polymers in a finite medium with fixed random obstacles


  In this paper we investigate the conformation statistics of a Gaussian chain
embedded in a medium of finite size, in the presence of quenched random
obstacles. The similarities and differences between the case of random
obstacles and the case of a Gaussian random potential are elucidated. The
connection with the density of states of electrons in a metal with random
repulsive impurities of finite range is discussed. We also interpret the
results obtained in some previous numerical simulations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168663 </DOCNO>
Dirac's equation in 1+1 D from a random walk


  This paper is an investigation of the class of real classical Markov
processes without a birth process that will generate the Dirac equation in 1+1
dimensions. The Markov process is assumed to evolve in an extra (ordinal) time
dimension. The derivation requires that occupation by the Dirac particle of a
space-time lattice site is encoded in a 4 state classical probability vector.
Disregarding the state occupancy, the resulting Markov process is a homogeneous
and almost isotropic binary random walk in Dirac space and Dirac time
(including Dirac time reversals). It then emerges that the Dirac wavefunction
can be identified with a polarization induced by the walk on the Dirac
space-time lattice. The model predicts that QM observation must happen in
ordinal time, and that wavefunction collapse is due not to a dynamical
discontinuity, but to selection of a particular ordinal time. Consequently, the
model is more relativistically equitable in its treatment of space and time in
that the observer is attributed no special ability to specify the Dirac time of
observation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75692 </DOCNO>
Comment on `Analysis of O(p^2) Corrections to <2pi|Q_{7,8}|K>'


  We extend in several respects our earlier work on O(p^2) corrections to
matrix elements of the electroweak penguin operator O_{ewp}. First, to
facilitate comparison with certain lattice studies we calculate O(p^2)
corrections to <pi|O_{ewp}|K> in the SU(3) limit of equal light quark masses.
Next, we demonstrate how an apparent disagreement in the literature regarding
whether higher order chiral contributions increase or decrease
<2pi_{I=2}|O_{ewp}|K> is simply a consequence of how the leading order chiral
amplitude is defined. Finally, we address an aspect of the epsilon'/epsilon
problem by estimating O(p^2) corrections to recent determinations of
<2pi_{I=2}|Q_{7,8}|K> which were carried out in the chiral limit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75636 </DOCNO>
Electromagnetic couplings of the ChPT Lagrangian from the perturbative


  We apply the perturbative chiral quark model to the study of the low-energy
pi-N interaction. Using an effective chiral Lagrangian we reproduce the
Weinberg-Tomozawa result for the S-wave pi-N scattering lengths. After
inclusion of the photon field we give predictions for the electromagnetic
O(p^2) low-energy couplings of the chiral perturbation theory effective
Lagrangian that define the electromagnetic mass shifts of nucleons and
first-order (e^2) radiative corrections to the pi-N scattering amplitude.
Finally, we estimate the leading isospin-breaking correction to the strong
energy shift of the pi(-)p atom in the 1s state, which is relevant for the
experiment "Pionic Hydrogen" at PSI.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96752 </DOCNO>
General relativistic models for the electron


  A model is proposed for the classical electron as a point charge with finite
electromagnetic self-energy. Modifications of the Reissner-Nordstr{\o}m (spin
0) and Kerr-Newman (spin 1/2) solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations are
derived. It is conjectured that spacetime curvature very close to the point
charge deforms the electric and magnetic fields such as to reduce the
self-energy to a finite value by means of Hawking polarization of the vacuum,
much like that around a black hole.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169199 </DOCNO>
Decoherence on Grover's quantum algorithm: perturbative approach


  In this paper, we study decoherence on Grover's quantum searching algorithm
using a perturbative method. We assume that each two-state system (qubit)
suffers \sigma_{z} error with probability p (0\leq p\leq 1) independently at
every step in the algorithm. Considering an n-qubit density operator to which
Grover's operation is applied M times, we expand it in powers of 2Mnp and
derive its matrix element order by order under the n\to \infty limit. (In this
large n limit, we assume p is small enough, so that 2Mnp(\geq 0) can take any
real positive value or 0.) This approach gives us an interpretation about
creation of new modes caused by \sigma_{z} error and an asymptotic form of an
arbitrary order correction. Calculating the matrix element up to the fifth
order term numerically, we investigate a region of 2Mnp (perturbative
parameter) where the algorithm finds the correct item with a threshold of
probability P_{th} or more. It satisfies 2Mnp<(8/5)(1-P_{th}) around 2Mnp\simeq
0 and P_{th}\simeq 1, and this linear relation is applied to a wide range of
P_{th} approximately. This observation is similar to a result obtained by E.
Bernstein and U. Vazirani concerning accuracy of quantum gates for general
algorithms. We cannot investigate a quantum to classical phase transition of
the algorithm, because it is outside the reliable domain of our perturbation
theory.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96244 </DOCNO>
Toric complete intersections and weighted projective space


  It has been shown by Batyrev and Borisov that nef partitions of reflexive
polyhedra can be used to construct mirror pairs of complete intersection
Calabi--Yau manifolds in toric ambient spaces. We construct a number of such
spaces and compute their cohomological data. We also discuss the relation of
our results to complete intersections in weighted projective spaces and try to
recover them as special cases of the toric construction. As compared to
hypersurfaces, codimension two more than doubles the number of spectra with
$h^{11}=1$. Alltogether we find about 100 new (mirror pairs of) Hodge data,
mainly with $h^{11}\le4$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2682 </DOCNO>
Direct Observation of Coexistence of Ferromagnetism and


  Recent reports of the detecting of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in
ruthenium-cuprates have aroused great interest. Unfortunately, whether the two
antagonistic phenomena coexist in the same space in the compounds remains
unresolved. By employing the magneto-optical-imaging technique, ferromagnetism
and superconductivity were indeed directly observed to coexist in the same
space in RuSr2(Gd0.7Ce0.3)2Cu2O10 within the experimental resolution of ~ 10
(mu)m. The observation sets a length scale limit for models proposed to account
for the competition between ferromagnetism and superconductivity, especially
d-wave superconductivity, in this interesting class of compounds.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96176 </DOCNO>
On the linearity problem for mapping class groups


  Formanek and Procesi have demonstrated that Aut(F_n) is not linear for n >2.
Their technique is to construct nonlinear groups of a special form, which we
call FP-groups, and then to embed a special type of automorphism group, which
we call a poison group, in Aut(F_n), from which they build an FP-group. We
first prove that poison groups cannot be embedded in certain mapping class
groups. We then show that no FP-groups of any form can be embedded in mapping
class groups. Thus the methods of Formanek and Procesi fail in the case of
mapping class groups, providing strong evidence that mapping class groups may
in fact be linear.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96725 </DOCNO>
Corrections to Fluid Dynamics


  We propose a kinetic model of a fluid in which five macroscopic fields, the
mass, energy and three components of momentum, are conserved. The dynamics is
constructed using the methods of statistical dynamics, and results in a
discrete-time Markov chain for random fields on a lattice, followed by
projection onto the information manifold. In the continuum limit we obtain a
non-linear coupled parabolic system of field equations, showing corrections to
the Navier-Stokes equations. In particular, the Euler equation for the
conservation of mass acquires a diffusion term, seen to be an Ito correction;
this is also the origin of the usual viscosity terms. All parameters are
predicted in terms of the mass and mean free path of the molecules. It is
argued that the new equations are more stable as well as more consistent than
the Navier-Stokes system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41062 </DOCNO>
Substantial Upgrades to Tevatron Luminosity


  Over the next 6 years the CDF and D0 collaborations have the goal of
collecting 15 fb-1 of data in collider Run II. This will require a number of
ambitious upgrades to the Fermilab accelerator complex, some of which have been
completed, some of which are currently being commissioned, and some of which
are under development but have not yet been installed. This paper describes the
major accelerator upgrades required to reach this Run II luminosity goal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96497 </DOCNO>
The Yamabe invariant for non-simply connected manifolds


  The Yamabe invariant is an invariant of a closed smooth manifold defined
using conformal geometry and the scalar curvature. Recently, Petean showed that
the Yamabe invariant is non-negative for all closed simply connected manifolds
of dimension $\ge 5$. We extend this to show that Yamabe invariant is
non-negative for all closed manifolds of dimension $\ge 5$ with fundamental
group of odd order having all Sylow subgroups abelian. The main new geometric
input is a way of studying the Yamabe invariant on Toda brackets. A similar
method of proof shows that all closed manifolds of dimension $\ge 5$ with
fundamental group of odd order having all Sylow subgroups elementary abelian,
with non-spin universal cover, admit metrics of positive scalar curvature, once
one restricts to the ``complement'' of manifolds whose homology classes are
``toral.'' The exceptional toral homology classes only exist in dimensions not
exceeding the ``rank'' of the fundamental group, so this proves important cases
of the Gromov-Lawson-Rosenberg Conjecture once the dimension is sufficiently
large.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72961 </DOCNO>
Gluon Contributions to Parity-Violating Asymmetries in Polarized


  We report on a calculation of one-loop weak corrections to polarized
quark-gluon scattering and the corresponding crossed channels. Such
contributions are suppressed formally by one power of alpha_s relative to W- or
Z-mediated quark-quark scattering, but would enable the spin asymmetry of the
gluon distribution to contribute to parity-violating asymmetries that will soon
be investigated in polarized proton-proton scattering experiments at RHIC. In
certain kinematic regions, gluon contributions to parity-violating asymmetries
can be as large as 10% of the tree-level W- and Z-exchanges in quark-quark
scattering, but usually only where the parity-violating asymmetries are already
small.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127738 </DOCNO>
Observations and Simulations of Relativistic Jets


  The recent improvement in VLBI arrays is providing information of the
emission and magnetic field structure of relativistic jets, both extragalactic
and galactic (microquasars), with unprecedented spatial and temporal
resolution. These observations are revealing the importance of the
hydrodynamical processes that govern the jet evolution, which can be studied by
the recently developed time-dependent relativistic hydrodynamical models.
Computation of the non-thermal emission from these hydrodynamical models, and
its comparison with actual sources, is proving as one of the most powerful
tools in the understanding of the physical processes taking place in these
jets. This paper reviews some of the recent observational results, as well as
the numerical models used to interpret them.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6613 </DOCNO>
Variational Approach to Hard Sphere Segregation Under Gravity


  It is demonstrated that the minimization of the free energy functional for
hard spheres and hard disks yields the result that excited granular materials
under gravity segregate not only in the widely known "Brazil nut" fashion, i.e.
with the larger particles rising to the top, but also in reverse "Brazil nut"
fashion. Specifically, the local density approximation is used to investigate
the crossover between the two types of segregation occurring in the liquid
state, and the results are found to agree qualitatively with previously
published results of simulation and of a simple model based on condensation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149887 </DOCNO>
Exact solutions in multidimensional gravity with antisymmetric forms


  This topical review deals with a multidimensional gravitational model
containing dilatonic scalar fields and antisymmetric forms. The manifold is
chosen in the form M = M_0 x M_1 x ...x M_n, where M_i are Einstein spaces (i
>0). The sigma-model approach and exact solutions in the model are reviewed and
the solutions with p-branes (e.g. Majumdar-Papapetrou-type, cosmological,
spherically symmetric, black-brane and Freund-Rubin-type ones) are considered.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128554 </DOCNO>
The first compact objects in the MOND model


  We trace the evolution of a spherically symmetric density perturbation in the
MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) model. The background cosmological model is
a $\Lambda$-dominated, low-$\Omega_b$ Friedmann model with no Cold Dark Matter.
We include thermal processes and non-equilibrium chemical evolution of the
collapsing gas. We find that the first density perturbations which collapse to
form luminous objects have mass $\sim 10^5 M_{\odot}$. The time of the final
collapse of these objects depends mainly on the value of the MOND acceleration
$a_0$ and also on the baryon density $\Omega_b$. For the "standard" value
$a_0=1.2\times 10^{-8}$ cm/s$^2$ the collapse starts at redshift $z \sim 160$
for $\Omega_b=0.05$ and $z \sim 110$ for $\Omega_b=0.02$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2797 </DOCNO>
Dynamic Oscillations of Magnetization in High Spin Magnetic Clusters


  We have studied the time evolution of magnetization of a high spin magnetic
cluster in the ground state, in the presence of a sinusoidal axial magnetic
field and a static transverse field by explicitly solving time dependent
schr\"odinger equation. We observe oscillations of magnetization in the plateau
region which has all the characteristics reminiscent of the oscillation of
probability of occupation of a state in a two level lattice in the presence of
an oscillating electric field. The high spin of the ground state leads to a
large but finite two-level pseudo-lattice. The oscillations in magnetization
occur at amplitude of magnetic fields achievable in a laboratory and they also
persist for a wide range of spin-dipolar interactions.
  Thus, our study provides a magnetic analog of the optical two-level lattice.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6344 </DOCNO>
Topological Nature of Anomalous Hall Effect in Ferromagnet


  The anomalous Hall effect in two-dimensional ferromagnets is discussed to be
the physical realization of the parity anomaly in (2+1)D, and the band crossing
points behave as the topological singularity in the Brillouin zone. This
appears as the sharp peaks and the sign changes of the transverse conductance
$\sigma_{xy}$ as a function of the Fermi energy and/or the magnetization. The
relevance to the experiments including the three dimensional systems is also
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85673 </DOCNO>
On the derivation of the equations of motion in theories of gravity


  The equations of motion of massive particles in GR are completely determined
by the field equation. We utilize the particular form of Einstein's field
equation and propose for the $N$-body problem of the equations that are Lorentz
invariant a novel algorithm for the derivation of the equations of motion from
the field equations. It is: 1. Compute a static, spherically symmetric solution
of the field equation. It will be singular at the origin. This will be taken to
be the field generated by a single particle. 2. Move the solution on a
trajectory $ {\psi(t)}$ and apply the instantaneous Lorentz transformation
based on instantaneous velocity $\dot{\psi}(t)$. 3. Take, as first
approximation, the field generated by $N$ particles to be the superposition of
the fields generated by the single particles. 4. Compute the leading part of
the equation. Hopefully, only terms that involves $\ddot{\psi}(t)$ will be
dominant. This is the ``inertial'' part. 5. Compute by the quadratic part of
the equation. This is the agent of the ``force''. 6. Equate for each
singularity, the highest order terms of the singularities that came from the
linear part and the quadratic parts, respectively. This is an equation between
the inertial part and the force. The algorithm was applied to Einstein
equations. The approximate evolution of scalar curvature lends, in turn, to an
invariant scalar equation. The algorithm for it did produce Newton's law of
gravitation. This is, also, the starting point for the embedding the
trajectories in a common field.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148639 </DOCNO>
Vacuum Energy Densities and Multiplicative Anomalies in a Free Bose Gas


  The vacuum energy density or free energy of a free charged Bose gas at
non-zero densities is studied in the context of the debate about Multiplicative
Anomalies. Some zeta-function regularised calculations of the free energy in
the literature are reexamined, clarified and extended. A range of apparently
distinct answers can obtained. Equivalent dimensional regularisation results
are also presented for comparison. I conclude that operator ordering and normal
ordering are not responsible for these differences. Rather it is an undesirable
but unavoidable property of zeta-function regularisation which leads to these
different results, making it a bad scheme in general. By comparison I show how
dimensional regularisation calculations give a consistent result without any
complications, making this a good scheme in this context.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41791 </DOCNO>
Prospects of Very Long Base-Line Neutrino Oscillation Experiments with


  We study physics potential of Very Long Base-Line (VLBL) Neutrino-Oscillation
Experiments with the High Intensity Proton Accelerator (HIPA), which will be
completed by the year 2007 in Tokai-village, Japan, as a joint project of KEK
and JAERI (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute). The HIPA 50 GeV proton beam
will deliver neutrino beams of a few GeV range with the intensity about two
orders of magnitude higher than the present KEK beam for K2K experiment. As a
sequel to the proposed HIPA-to-Super-Kamiokande experiment, we study impacts of
experiments with a 100 kton-level detector and the base-line length of a
few-thousand km. The pulsed narrow-band nu_mu beams (NBB) allow us to measure
the nu_mu to nu_e transition probability and the nu_mu survival probability
through counting experiments at large water-Cerenkov detector. We study
sensitivity of such experiments to the neutrino mass hierarchy, the
mass-squared differences, the three angles, and one CP phase of the
three-generation lepton-flavor-mixing matrix. We find that experiments at a
distance between 1,000 and 2,000 km can determine the sign of the larger
mass-squared difference (m_3^2-m_1^2) if the mixing between nu_e and nu_3 (the
heaviest-or-lightest neutrino) is not too small; 2|U_{e3}|^2(1-|U_{e3}|^2) gsim
0.03. The CP phase can be constrained if the |U_{e3}| element is sufficiently
large, 2|U_{e3}|^2(1-|U_{e3}|^2) gsim 0.06, and if the smaller mass-squared
difference (m_2^2-m_1^2) and the U_{e2} element are in the prefered range of
the large-mixing-angle solution of the solar-neutrino deficit. The magunitude |
m_3^2-m_1^2| and the matrix element U_{mu 3} can be precisely measured, but we
find little sensitivity to m_2^2-m_1^2 and the matrix element U_{e2}.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 240 </DOCNO>
Tuning of the magnetic properties of the high spin molecular cluster Fe8


  The synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic characterization of a high spin
cluster comprising eight iron ions, are presented in this contribution. The
cluster has formula [(tacn)6Fe8O2(OH)12Br4.3(ClO4)3.7]6H2O, (Fe8PCL) where tacn
is the organic ligand 1,4,7-triazacyclononane. It can be considered a
derivative of Fe8Br8, a cluster whose low temperature dynamics of the
magnetization has been deeply investigated, where four of the bromide ions have
been replaced by perchlorate anions. The structure of the central core of the
two molecules, [Fe8O(OH)12(tacn)6]8+, is essentially the same, but Fe8PCL has a
higher symmetry (Fe8Br8 crystallizes in the acentric P1 space group, while
Fe8PCL crystallizes in the P21/c space group, monoclinic). The magnetic
properties of Fe8PCL suggest it is very similar to Fe8Br having a S=10 ground
state as well. The zero field splitting parameters were accurately determined
by HF-EPR measurements. The two clusters have similar axial anisotropy but
Fe8PCL has a larger transverse anisotropy. Ac susceptibility measurements
revealed the cluster behaves like a superparamagnetic particle. However, due to
the occurrence of large terms in the transverse anisotropy, the temperature
dependence of the relaxation time can not be reproduced by a simple Arrhenius
law. As observed in Fe8Br8, below 350 mK the relaxation time becomes
temperature independent, indicating that a pure tunneling regime is attained.
The comparison of the tunneling rate in the two clusters shows that in the
perchlorate derivative the relaxation process is 35 times faster. The observed
ratio of the tunneling rates is in reasonable agreement with that calculated
from the tunneling splitting, i.e. the energy difference between the two almost
degenerate lowest levels Ms = +/-10, in the two clusters.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75967 </DOCNO>
A simple Solution to the Strong CP Problem


  We propose a minimal modification of the standard model, remarkable in its
simplicity, which may solve the strong CP problem. It employs three Higgs
doublets with interactions taken to be invariant under a flavor symmetry. Both
CP and the flavor symmetry are softly broken by Higgs boson mass terms. In tree
approximation, quark mass matrices are triangular and arg det M vanishes,
Radiative corrections yield a tiny and tolerable value of theta-bar.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127089 </DOCNO>
Keck NIRC Observations of Planetary-mass Candidate Members in the sigma


  We present K-band photometry and low-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy
from 1.44 to 2.45 micron of isolated planetary-mass candidate members in the
sigma Orionis cluster found by Zapatero Osorio et al. The new data have been
obtained with NIRC at the Keck I telescope. All of our targets, except for one,
are confirmed as likely cluster members. Hence, we also confirm that the
planetary-mass domain in the cluster is well populated. Using our deep K-band
images we searched for companions to the targets in the separation range 0.3"
to 10" up to a maximum faint limit of K=19.5 mag. One suspected companion seems
to be an extremely red galaxy. The near-infrared colors of the sigma Orionis
substellar members indicate that dust grains condense and settle in their
atmospheres. We estimate that the surface temperatures range from 2500 K down
to 1500 K. The spectroscopic sequence covers the full range of L subclasses,
and the faintest object is tentatively classified as T0. These targets provide
a sequence of substellar objects of known age, distance and metallicity, which
can be used as benchmark for understanding the spectral properties of ultracool
dwarfs.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 179126 </DOCNO>
Propagation of mesons in asymmetric nuclear matter in a density


  We study the propagation of the light mesons sigma, omega, rho, and a0(980)
in dense hadronic matter in an extended derivative scalar coupling model.
Within the scheme proposed it is possible to unambiguously define effective
density-dependent couplings at the Lagrangian level. We first apply the model
to study asymmetric nuclear matter with fixed isospin asymmetry, and then we
pay particular attention to hypermatter in beta-equilibrium. The equation of
state and the potential contribution to the symmetry coefficient arising from
the mean field approximation are investigated.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6542 </DOCNO>
No current without heat


  We show for a large class of interacting particle systems that whenever the
stationary measure is not reversible for the dynamics, then the mean entropy
production in the steady state is strictly positive. This extends to the
thermodynamic limit the equivalence between microscopic reversibility and zero
mean entropy production: time-reversal invariance cannot be spontaneously
broken.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 149098 </DOCNO>
Non-Abelian Vortex and Confinement


  We discuss general properties and possible types of magnetic vortices in
non-Abelian gauge theories (we consider here $G= SU(N), SO(N), USp(2N)$) in the
Higgs phase. The sources of such vortices carry "fractional" quantum numbers
such as $Z_n$ charge (for SU(N)), but also full non-Abelian charges of the dual
gauge group. If such a model is re-interpreted as an effective dual magnetic
theory of the fundamental (electric) theory, the non-Abelian vortices provide
for the mechanism of quark-confinement in the latter. We compare this mechanism
with the dynamical Abelian mechanism for QCD suggested by 't Hooft and
Mandelstam.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40796 </DOCNO>
Improved Measurement of the Probability for Gluon Splitting into b bbar


  We have measured gluon splitting into bottom quarks, g -> b bbar, in hadronic
Z0 decays collected by SLD between 1996 and 1998. The analysis was performed by
looking for secondary bottom production in 4-jet events of any primary flavor.
4-jet events were identified, and in each event a topological vertex-mass
technique was applied to the two jets closest in angle in order to identify
them as b or bbar jets. The upgraded CCD vertex detector gives very high
B-tagging efficiency, especially for B hadrons with the low energies typical of
this process. We measured the rate of g -> b bbar production per hadronic
event, g_bb, to be (2.44+-0.59 (stat) +-0.34 (syst)) X10**-3.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114500 </DOCNO>
Linearisation of Simple Pendulum


  The motion of a pendulum is described as Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) in case
the initial displacement given is small. If we relax this condition then we
observe the deviation from the SHM. The equation of motion is non-linear and
thus difficult to explain to under-graduate students. This manuscript tries to
simplify things.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 1026 </DOCNO>
Interparticle force in polydisperse electrorheological fluids: Beyond


  We have developed a multiple image method to compute the interparticle force
for a polydisperse electrorheological (ER) fluid. We apply the formalism to a
pair of dielectric spheres of different dielectric constants and calculate the
force as a function of the separation. The results show that the point-dipole
(PD) approximation errs considerably because many-body and multipolar
interactions are ignored. The PD approximation becomes even worse when the
dielectric contrast between the particles and the host medium is large. From
the results, we show that the dipole-induced-dipole (DID) model yields very
good agreements with the multiple image results for a wide range of dielectric
contrasts and polydispersity. The DID model accounts for multipolar interaction
partially and is simple to use in computer simulation of polydisperse ER
fluids.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73866 </DOCNO>
The potential of the variable DA white dwarf G117-B15A as a tool for


  White dwarfs are well studied objects. The relative simplicity of their
physics allows to obtain very detailed models which can be ultimately compared
with their observed properties. Among white dwarfs there is a specific class of
stars, known as ZZ-Ceti objects, which have a hydrogen-rich envelope and show
periodic variations in their light curves. G117-B15A belongs to this particular
set of stars. The luminosity variations have been successfully explained as due
to g-mode pulsations. G117-B15A has been recently claimed to be the most stable
optical clock ever found, being the rate of change of its 215.2 s period very
small: \dot{P}= (2.3 +- 1.4)x10^{-15} s s^-1, with a stability comparable to
that of the most stable millisecond pulsars. The rate of change of the period
is closely related to its cooling timescale, which can be accurately computed.
In this paper we study the pulsational properties of G117-B15A and we use the
observed rate of change of the period to impose constraints on the axion
emissivity and, thus, to obtain a preliminary upper bound to the mass of the
axion. This upper bound turns out to be 4cos^{2}{\beta} meV at the 95%
confidence level. Although there are still several observational and
theoretical uncertainties, we conclude that G117-B15A is a very promising
stellar object to set up constraints on particle physics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40965 </DOCNO>
Physics at TESLA


  The physics at a 500-800 GeV electron positron linear collider, TESLA, is
reviewed. The machine parameters that impact directly on the physics are
discussed and a few key performance goals for a detector at TESLA are given.
Emphasis is placed on precision measurements in the Higgs and top sectors and
on extrapolation to high energy scales in the supersymmetric scenario.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41242 </DOCNO>
Atmospheric muon fluxes underwater as a tool to probe the small-x gluon


  We compute deep-sea energy spectra and zenith-angle distributions of the
atmospheric muons, both conventional and prompt. The prompt muon contribution
to the muon flux underwater is calculated taking into consideration predictions
of recent charm production models in which probed is the small-x behavior of
the gluon distribution inside of a nucleon. We argue for a possibility to
discriminate the PQCD models of the charm production differing in the slope of
the gluon distribution, in measurements with neutrino telescopes of the muon
flux at energies 10-100 TeV.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73194 </DOCNO>
Oscillation Measurements with Upgraded Conventional Neutrino Beams


  We consider the nu_mu to nu_e oscillation measurements that would be possible
at upgraded 1 GeV and multi-GeV conventional neutrino sources driven by future
megawatt-scale proton drivers. If these neutrino superbeams are used together
with detectors that are an order of magnitude larger than those presently
foreseen, we find that the sensitivity to nu_mu to nu_e oscillations can be
improved by an order of magnitude beyond the next generation of accelerator
based experiments. In addition, over a limited region of parameter space, the
neutrino mass hierarchy can be determined with a multi-GeV long baseline beam.
If the Large Mixing Angle MSW solution correctly describes the solar neutrino
deficit, there is a small corner of allowed parameter space in which maximal
CP-violation in the lepton sector might be observable at a 1 GeV medium
baseline experiment. Superbeams with massive detectors would therefore provide
a useful tool en route to a neutrino factory, which would permit a further
order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity, together with a more
comprehensive check of CP-violation and the oscillation framework.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4914 </DOCNO>
Reply on "Lifshitz-point critical behaviour to $O(\epsilon_L^2)$"


  We reply to a recent comment by H. W. Diehl and M. Shpot (cond-mat/0106502)
criticizing our paper J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 (2001) L327-332. We show that
the approximation we use for evaluating higher-loop integrals is consistent
with homogeneity. A new renormalization group approach is presented in order to
compare the two methods with high-precision numerical data concerning the
uniaxial case. We stress that the isotropic behaviour cannot be obtained from
the anisotropic one.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148741 </DOCNO>
Possible confinement mechanisms for nonrelativistic particles on a line


  The gauge model of nonrelativistic particles on a line interacting with
nonstandard gravitational fields [5] is supplemented by the addition of a
(non)-Abelian gauge interaction. Solving for the gauge fields we obtain
equations, in closed form, for a classical two particle system. The
corresponding Schr\"{o}dinger equation, obtained by the Moyal quantization
procedure, is solved analytically. Its solutions exhibit two different
confinement mechanisms - dependent on the sign of the coupling $\lambda$ to the
nonstandard gravitational fields. For $\lambda>0$ confinement is due to a
rising potential whereas for $\lambda<0$ it is due to to the dynamical
(geometric) bag formation. Numerical results for the corresponding energy
spectra are given. For a particular relation between two coupling constants the
model fits into the scheme of supersymmetrical quantum mechanics.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95544 </DOCNO>
Exact triangles in monopole homology and the Casson-Walker invariant


  We establish the exact triangle in Seiberg-Witten-Floer theory relating the
monopoloe homologies of any two closed 3-manifolds which are obtained from each
other by $\pm 1$-surgery. We also show that the sum of the modified version of
the Seiberg-Witten invariants for any closed rational homology 3-sphere $Y$
over all $Spin^c$ structures equals to $\frac 12 |H_1(Y, \Z)| \lambda (Y)$
where $\lambda (Y)$ is the Casson-Walker invariant.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129150 </DOCNO>
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Population III, and Stellar Genetics in the


  The diverse isotopic and elemental signatures produced in different
nucleosynthetic sites are passed on to successive generations of stars. By
tracing these chemical signatures back through the stellar populations of the
Galaxy, it is possible to unravel its nucleosynthetic history and even to study
stars which are now extinct. This review considers recent applications of
"stellar genetics" to examine the earliest episodes of nucleosynthesis in the
Universe, in Population III stars and the Big Bang.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3425 </DOCNO>
Tube Model for the Elasticity of Entangled Nematic Rubbers


  Dense rubbery networks are highly entangled polymer systems, with significant
topological restrictions for the mobility of neighbouring chains and crosslinks
preventing the reptation constraint release. In a mean field approach,
entanglements are treated within the famous reptation approach, since they
effectively confine each individual chain in a tube-like geometry. We apply the
classical ideas of reptation dynamics to calculate the effective rubber-elastic
free energy of anisotropic networks, nematic liquid crystal elastomers, and
present the first theory of entanglements for such a material.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126229 </DOCNO>
Do Globular Clusters Harbor Black Holes?


  It has been firmly established that there exists a tight correlation between
the central black hole mass and velocity dispersion (or luminosity) of
elliptical galaxies, ``pseudobulges'' and bulges of galaxies, although the
nature of this correlation still remains unclear. In this letter, we explore
the possibility of extrapolating such a correlation to less massive, spherical
systems like globular clusters. In particular, motivated by the apparent
success in globular cluster M15, we present an estimate of the central black
hole mass for a number of globular clusters with available velocity dispersion
in the literature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127283 </DOCNO>
Improving the mass determination of Galactic Cepheids


  We have selected a sample of Galactic Cepheids for which accurate estimates
of radii, distances, and photometric parameters are available. The comparison
between their pulsation masses, based on new Period-Mass-Radius (PMR)
relations, and their evolutionary masses, based on both optical and NIR
Color-Magnitude (CM) diagrams, suggests that pulsation masses are on average of
the order of 10% smaller than the evolutionary masses. Current pulsation masses
show, at fixed radius, a strongly reduced dispersion when compared with values
published in literature.The increased precision in the pulsation masses is due
to the fact that our predicted PMR relations based on nonlinear, convective
Cepheid models present smaller standard deviations than PMR relations based on
linear models. At the same time, the empirical radii of our Cepheid sample are
typically accurate at the 5% level. Our evolutionary mass determinations are
based on stellar models constructed by neglecting the effect of mass-loss
during the He burning phase. Therefore, the difference between pulsation and
evolutionary masses could be intrinsic and does not necessarily imply a problem
with either evolutionary and/or nonlinear pulsation models. The marginal
evidence of a trend in the difference between evolutionary and pulsation masses
when moving from short to long-period Cepheids is also briefly discussed. The
main finding of our investigation is that the long-standing Cepheid mass
discrepancy seems now resolved at the 10% level either if account for canonical
or mild convective core overshooting evolutionary models.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5142 </DOCNO>
Phase Diagram of One-Dimensional Extended Hubbard Model at Half Filling


  We reexamine the ground-state phase diagram of the one-dimensional
half-filled Hubbard model with on-site and nearest-neighbor repulsive
interactions. We calculate second-order corrections to coupling constants in
the g-ology to show that the bond-charge-density-wave (BCDW) phase exists for
weak couplings in between the charge density wave (CDW) and spin density wave
(SDW) phases. We find that the umklapp scattering of parallel-spin electrons
destabilizes the BCDW state and gives rise to a bicritical point where the
CDW-BCDW and SDW-BCDW continuous-transition lines merge into the CDW-SDW
first-order transition line.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75519 </DOCNO>
$O(\alpha_s)$ Corrections to $b \bar b \to W^{\pm}H^{\mp}$ at the CERN


  The $O(\alpha_{s})$ corrections to the cross section for $b \bar b \to
W^{\pm}H^{\mp}$ at the LHC are calculated in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM) in the $\bar{MS}$ and OS (on-mass-shell) renormalization
schemes. The results in two schemes are in good agreement. In the $\bar{MS}$
scheme, the QCD corrections are negative and within $ -14% \sim -20%$ for
charged Higgs mass up to 1 TeV and $\tan\beta >15$. For $\tan\beta =2$, the
magnitude of the QCD corrections can be greater than 30%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 72606 </DOCNO>
Some Phenomenological Aspects of the (n + m + 1) dimensional Brane World


  In the D = (n + m + 1) dimensional brane world scenario with m compact
dimensions, the radion modulus can be stabilised by a massive bulk m-form
antisymmetric field. We analyse some of the phenomenological aspects of this
scenario. We find that the radion mass is smaller than the TeV scale, but
larger than that in the case where the radion modulus is stabilised by a bulk
scalar field. From the macroscopic n dimensional spacetime point of view, the
m-form field mimics a set of p-form fields. We analyse the mass spectrum of
these fields. The lowest mass is \stackrel{>}{_\sim} TeV whereas, for any bulk
or brane field, the excitations in the compact space have Planckian mass and
are likely to reintroduce the hierarchy problem. Also, we analyse the couplings
of the m-form field to the matter fields living on a brane. The present results
are applicable to more general cases also.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40723 </DOCNO>
Status of the BNL Muon g-2 Experiment


  The muon g-2 experiment at Brookhaven has been taking data since 1997.
Analyses of the data taken in 1997 and 1998, which include about 2% of the data
taken so far, have improved the experimental accuracy in the muon anomalous
magnetic moment to a(mu,expt) = 1 165 921(5) x 10**(-9) (4 ppm). The value
agrees with standard theory. Analysis of the 1999 data, about 25% of the
existing data set, is nearing completion and analysis of the 2000 data has
started. The experiment is preparing for another major data taking run, this
time storing negative instead of positive muon beams.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 114060 </DOCNO>
Multifractal characterisation of complete genomes


  This paper develops a theory for characterisation of DNA sequences based on
their measure representation. The measures are shown to be random cascades
generated by an infinitely divisible distribution. This probability
distribution is uniquely determined by the exponent function in the
multifractal theory of random cascades. Curve fitting to a large number of
complete genomes of bacteria indicates that the Gamma density function provides
an excellent fit to the exponent function, and hence to the probability
distribution of the complete genomes.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126913 </DOCNO>
4U2206+54 - an Unusual High Mass X-ray Binary with a 9.6 Day Orbital


  Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer All-Sky Monitor observations of the X-ray source
4U2206+54, previously proposed to be a Be star system, show the X-ray flux to
be modulated with a period of approximately 9.6 days. If the modulation is due
to orbital variability then this would be one of the shortest orbital periods
known for a Be star X-ray source. However, the X-ray luminosity is relatively
modest whereas a high luminosity would be predicted if the system contains a
neutron star accreting from the denser inner regions of a Be star envelope.
Although a 392s pulse period was previously reported from EXOSAT observations,
a reexamination of the EXOSAT light curves does not show this or any other
periodicity. An analysis of archival RXTE Proportional Counter Array
observations also fails to show any X-ray pulsations. We consider possible
models that may explain the properties of this source including a neutron star
with accretion halted at the magnetosphere and an accreting white dwarf.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124188 </DOCNO>
The redshift-space two-point correlation functions of galaxies and


  We use the two-point correlation function in redshift space, $\xi(s)$, to
study the clustering of the galaxies and groups of the Nearby Optical Galaxy
(NOG) sample, which is a nearly all-sky, complete, magnitude-limited sample of
$\sim$7000 bright and nearby optical galaxies. The correlation function of
galaxies is well described by a power law, $\xi(s)=(s/s_0)^{-\gamma}$, with
slope $\gamma\sim1.5$ and $s_0\sim6.4 h^{-1}$Mpc (on scales $2.7 - 12
h^{-1}$Mpc), in agreement with previous results of several redshift surveys of
optical galaxies. We confirm the existence of morphological segregation between
early- and late-type galaxies and, in particular, we find a gradual decreasing
of the strength of clustering from the S0 galaxies to the late-type spirals, on
intermediate scales. Furthermore, luminous galaxies turn out to be more
clustered than dim galaxies. The luminosity segregation, which is significant
for both early- and late-type objects, starts to become appreciable only for
galaxies brighter than $M_B\sim -19.5 + 5 \log h$ ($\sim 0.6 L^*$) and is
independent on scale. The NOG group correlation functions are characterized by
$s_0$-values ranging from $\sim 8 h^{-1}$ Mpc (for groups with at least three
members) to $\sim10 h^{-1}$ Mpc (for groups with at least five members). The
degree of group clustering depends on the physical properties of groups.
Specifically, groups with greater velocity dispersions, sizes and masses tend
to be more clustered than those with lower values of these quantities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 41589 </DOCNO>
A Precise Determination of Electroweak Parameters in Neutrino-Nucleon


  The NuTeV collaboration has extracted the electroweak parameter sin^2theta_W
from the measurement of the ratios of neutral current to charged current
neutrino and anti-neutrino cross-sections. Our value,
sin^2theta_W(on-shell)=0.2277+/-0.0013(stat)+/-0.0009(syst), is three standard
deviations above the standard model prediction. We also present a model
independent analysis of the same data in terms of neutral-current quark
couplings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174743 </DOCNO>
Scintillation efficiency of nuclear recoils in a CaF-2(Eu) crystal for


  The scintillation efficiency (quenching factor) of fluorine and calcium
nuclei recoiling in a CaF-2(Eu) crystal was measured in an energy region
relevant to dark matter searches. The recoiling nuclei were obtained via the
19-F(n,n') and 40-Ca(n,n') reactions, where the neutron beam was provided via
the d(d,n)3-He reaction. The quenching factor of F and Ca nuclei in the
CaF-2(Eu) crystal was found to be 11 ~ 20 %, and 9 ~ 23 % relative to the
electron equivalent energy for 53 ~ 192 keV and 25 ~ 91 keV recoil energies,
respectively, and the energy dependence was observed. The quenching factor we
measured here is a little larger than that of previous studies, which may
depend on the Eu doping concentration of the crystal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73690 </DOCNO>
On Methods for Extracting Exact Non-perturbative Results in


  At large N, a field theory and its orbifolds (given by projecting out some of
its fields) share the same planar graphs. If the parent-orbifold relation
continues even nonperturbatively, then properties such as confinement and
chiral symmetry breaking will appear in both parent and orbifold. N=1
supersymmetric Yang-Mills has many nonsupersymmetric orbifolds which resemble
QCD. A nonperturbative parent-orbifold relation predicts many surprising
effects, exactly valid at large N, and expected to suffer only mild 1/N
corrections. These include degeneracies among bosonic hadrons and exact
predictions for domain wall tensions. Other predictions are valid even when
supersymmetry in the parent is broken. Since these theories are QCD-like,
simulation is possible, so these predictions may be numerically tested. The
method also relates wide classes of nonsupersymmetric theories.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 148397 </DOCNO>
String Breaking from Ladder Diagrams in SYM Theory


  The AdS/CFT correspondence establishes a string representation for Wilson
loops in N=4 SYM theory at large N and large 't Hooft coupling. One of the
clearest manifestations of the stringy behaviour in Wilson loop correlators is
the string-breaking phase transition. It is shown that resummation of planar
diagrams without internal vertices predicts the strong-coupling phase transtion
in exactly the same setting in which it arises from the string representation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 124440 </DOCNO>
Restoring the full velocity field in the gaseous disk ofthe spiral


  We analyse the line-of-sight velocity field of ionized gas in the spiral
galaxy NGC 157 which has been obtained in the H\alpha emission at the 6m
telescope of SAO RAS. The existence of systematic deviations of the observed
gas velocities from pure circular motion is shown. A detailed investigation of
these deviations is undertaken by applying a Fourier analysis of the azimuthal
distributions of the line-of-sight velocities at different distances from the
galactic center. As a result of the analysis, all the main parameters of the
wave spiral pattern are determined: the corotation radius, the amplitudes and
phases of the gas velocity perturbations at different radii, and the velocity
of circular rotation of the disk corrected for the velocity perturbations due
to spiral arms. At a high confidence level, the presence of the two giant
anticyclones in the reference frame rotating with the spiral pattern is shown;
their sizes and the localization of their centers are consistent with the
results of the analytic theory and of numerical simulations. Besides the
anticyclones, the existence of cyclones in residual velocity fields of spiral
galaxies is predicted. In the reference frame rotating with the spiral pattern
these cyclones have to reveal themselves in galaxies where a radial gradient of
azimuthal residual velocity is steeper than that of the rotation velocity
(abridged).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167942 </DOCNO>
NMR Simulation of an Eight-State Quantum System


  The propagation of excitation along a one-dimensional chain of atoms is
simulated by means of NMR. The physical system used as an analog quantum
computer is a nucleus of 133-Cs (spin 7/2) in a liquid crystalline matrix. The
Hamiltonian of migration is simulated by using a special 7-frequency pulse, and
the dynamics is monitored by following the transfer of population from one of
the 8 spin energy levels to the other.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97188 </DOCNO>
Serre-Taubes duality for pseudoholomorphic curves


  According to Taubes, the Gromov invariants of a symplectic four-manifold X
with b_+ > 1 satisfy the duality Gr(A) = +/- Gr(K-A), where K is Poincare dual
to the canonical class. Extending joint work with Simon Donaldson in
math.SG/0012067, we interpret this result in terms of Serre duality on the
fibres of a Lefschetz pencil, by proving an analogous symmetry for invariants
counting sections of associated bundles of symmetric products. Using similar
methods we give a new proof of an existence theorem for symplectic surfaces in
four-manifolds with b_+ = 1 and b_1 = 0. This reproves another theorem due to
Taubes: two symplectic homology projective planes with negative canonical class
and equal volume are symplectomorphic.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125131 </DOCNO>
The blue straggler S1082: a triple system in the old open cluster M67


  We present a photometric and spectroscopic study of the blue straggler S1082
in the open cluster M67. Our observations confirm the previously reported 1.07
day eclipse light curve and the absence of large radial-velocity variations of
the narrow-lined star. However, we find two more spectral components which do
vary on the 1.07 day period. We conclude that the system is triple. We fit the
light and radial-velocity curves and find that the total mass of the inner
binary is more than twice the turnoff mass and that the outer companion to the
binary is a blue straggler on its own account. We briefly discuss formation
scenarios for this multiple system.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98036 </DOCNO>
The moduli spaces of hyperelliptic curves and binary forms


  There is a canonical isomorphism between the coarse moduli spaces of somooth
hyperelliptic curves of genus g and binary forms of degree 2g+2 with nonzero
discriminant. In this paper, we study the extension of this isomorphism to the
compactification of these moduli spaces. The main result is that the canonical
isomorphism above extends to a holomorphic map f_g from the compactication of
the moduli space of hyperelliptic curves of genus g to the compactification of
the moduli space of binary forms of degree 2g+2. Moreover, we work out how the
boundary components are contracted by the map f_g.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5225 </DOCNO>
Josephson tunnelling spectroscopy of negative U centers


  We consider a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junction in which
the tunnelling through the insulating barrier is dominated by a localized
``negative U'' center. We show that the $I_{c}R$ product of the junction
depends sensitively on the spectrum of impurity states, and in near resonant
condiditions exhibits an anomalously large I$_c$R product which can exceed the
famous Ambegoakar-Baratoff limit by an arbitrarily large factor. The analysis
is extended to problems in which there is an array of negative U centers in
the junction. We also discuss general reasons to expect significant violations
of the optical conductivity sum rule in most SIS junctions and of the
Ambegoakar-Baratoff result when the superconductors emerge from a non-Fermi
liquid normal state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5436 </DOCNO>
Mesoscopic multiterminal Josephson structures: I. Effects of nonlocal


  We investigate nonlocal coherent transport in ballistic four-terminal
Josephson structures (where bulk superconductors (terminals) are connected
through a clean normal layer, e.g., a two-dimensional electron gas).
  Coherent anisotropic superposition of macroscopic wave functions of the
superconductors in the normal region produces phase slip lines (2D analogs to
phase slip centres) and time-reversal symmetry breaking 2D vortex states in it,
as well as such effects as phase dragging and magnetic flux transfer. The
tunneling density of local Andreev states in the normal layer was shown to
contain peaks at the positions controlled by the phase differences between the
terminals.
  We have obtained general dependence of these effects on the controlling
supercurrent/phase differences between the terminals of the ballistic
mesoscopic four-terminal SQUID.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129470 </DOCNO>
The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000,


  (Abridged) We present the first detections of the mean flux of the optical
extragalactic background light (EBL) at 3000, 5500, and 8000A. Diffuse
foreground flux at these wavelengths comes from terrestrial airglow,
dust-scattered sunlight (zodiacal light), and dust-scattered Galactic starlight
(diffuse Galactic light). We have avoided the brightest of these, terrestrial
airglow, by measuring the absolute surface brightness of the night sky from
above the Earth's atmosphere using the Wide Field Planetary Camera2 (WFPC2) and
Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS), both aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST).
On the ground, we have used the duPont 2.5 m Telescope at Las Campanas
Observatory (LCO) to obtain contemporaneous spectrophotometry of ``blank'' sky
in the HST field of view to measure and then subtract foreground zodiacal light
from the HST observations. We have minimized the diffuse Galactic light in
advance by selecting the HST target field along a line of sight with low
Galactic dust column density, and then estimated the low--level Galactic
foreground using a simple scattering model and the observed correlation between
thermal, 100 micron emission and optical scattered flux from the same dust. In
this paper, we describe the coordinated LCO/HST program and the HST
observations and data reduction, and present the resulting measurements of the
EBL.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 40875 </DOCNO>
Inclusive Sigma- and Lambda(1520) production in hadronic Z decays


  Production of Sigma- and Lambda(1520) in hadronic Z decays has been measured
using the DELPHI detector at LEP. The Sigma- is directly reconstructed as a
charged track in the DELPHI microvertex detector and is identified by its Sigma
-> n pi decay leading to a kink between the Sigma- and pi-track. The
reconstruction of the Lambda(1520) resonance relies strongly on the particle
identification capabilities of the barrel Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector and
on the ionisation loss measurement of the TPC. Inclusive production spectra are
measured for both particles. The production rates are measured to be
         <N_{Sigma-}/N_{Z}^{had}> = 0.081 +/- 0.002 +/- 0.010,
   <N_{Lambda(1520)}/N_{Z}^{had}> = 0.029 +/- 0.005 +/- 0.005.
 The production rate of the Lambda(1520) suggests that a large fraction of the
stable baryons descend from orbitally excited baryonic states. It is shown that
the baryon production rates in Z decays follow a universal phenomenological law
related to isospin, strangeness and mass of the particles.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126091 </DOCNO>
Optical spectroscopy and photometry of the isolated neutron star RX


  We present spectroscopy and imaging with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) of
the neutron star RX J1856.5-2754. Little is known about the nature of this
source other than that it is a nearby hot neutron star. Our VLT spectrum does
not show any strong emission or absorption features. With considerable care to
photometric calibration, we obtain photometric measurements over the optical
and ultra-violet (UV) using our VLT observations and a detailed analysis of
archival {\em Hubble Space Telescope} data. We find that the entire optical to
UV spectral energy distribution is well described by a slightly reddened
Rayleigh-Jeans tail ($f_\lambda=(2.96\pm0.06)\times10^{-19}
(\lambda/5000\un{\AA})^{-4} 10^{-0.4(0.12\pm0.05)(A_\lambda/A_V-1.138)}
\un{erg}\un{s^{-1}}\un{cm^{-2}}\un{\AA^{-1}}$, where $A_\lambda/A_V$ is the
reddening curve; implied $V=25.58\pm0.02$). The reddening is consistent with
the interstellar absorption inferred from X-ray spectroscopy. The simplest
explanation for this Rayleigh-Jeans emission is that the optical-UV radiation
arises from thermal emission from the surface of the neutron star. The high
degree to which the data conform to the Rayleigh-Jeans tail significantly
limits contributions from other sources of emission. In particular, our
observations are inconsistent with the presence of an accretion disk and also
strongly constrain the amount of magnetospheric emission from this enigmatic
neutron star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7169 </DOCNO>
Wave Functions Statistics at Quantum Hall Critical Point


  I elaborate on the earlier suggestion that the model describing the plateaux
transition in Integer Quantum Hall effect scales to a particular point on the
line of critical points of a theory with a higher symmetry

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3939 </DOCNO>
Non-regular eigenstate of the XXX model as some limit of the Bethe state


  For the one-dimensional XXX model under the periodic boundary conditions, we
discuss two types of eigenvectors, regular eigenvectors which have
finite-valued rapidities satisfying the Bethe ansatz equations, and non-regular
eigenvectors which are descendants of some regular eigenvectors under the
action of the SU(2) spin-lowering operator. It was pointed out by many authors
that the non-regular eigenvectors should correspond to the Bethe ansatz
wavefunctions which have multiple infinite rapidities. However, it has not been
explicitly shown whether such a delicate limiting procedure should be possible.
In this paper, we discuss it explicitly in the level of wavefunctions: we prove
that any non-regular eigenvector of the XXX model is derived from the Bethe
ansatz wavefunctions through some limit of infinite rapidities. We formulate
the regularization also in terms of the algebraic Bethe ansatz method. As an
application of infinite rapidity, we discuss the period of the spectral flow
under the twisted periodic boundary conditions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 130 </DOCNO>
Possible Evidence for A Slush Vortex Phase in the Vicinity of Vortex


  Current-voltage $I-V$ curves have been carefully measured for
YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ thin films by following different thermal or field
annealing procedures. Although all data can be described quite well by the
vortex-glass theory, it is found that the dissipation in a small region just
above the vortex-glass transition is history dependent: the dissipation in the
warming up or field-increasing process is larger than that in the cooling down
or field-decreasing process. We attribute this history dependent dissipation to
possible existence of a slush vortex phase.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7306 </DOCNO>
First-Principles Based Matrix-Green's Function Approach to Molecular


  Transport in molecular electronic devices is different from that in
semiconductor mesoscopic devices in two important aspects: (1) the effect of
the electronic structure and (2) the effect of the interface to the external
contact. A rigorous treatment of molecular electronic devices will require the
inclusion of these effects in the context of an open system exchanging particle
and energy with the external environment. This calls for combining the theory
of quantum transport with the theory of electronic structure starting from the
first-principles. We present a rigorous yet tractable matrix Green's function
approach for studying transport in molecular electronic devices, based on the
Non-Equilibrium Green's Function Formalism of quantum transport and the
density-functional theory of electronic structure using local orbital basis
sets. By separating the device rigorously into the molecular region and the
contact region, we can take full advantage of the natural spatial locality
associated with the metallic screening in the electrodes and focus on the
physical processes in the finite molecular region. This not only opens up the
possibility of using the existing well-established technique of molecular
electronic structure theory in transport calculations with little change, but
also allows us to use the language of qualitative molecular orbital theory to
interpret and rationalize the results of the computation. For the device at
equilibrium, our method provides an alternative approach for solving the
molecular chemisorption problem. For the device out of equilibrium, we show
that the calculation of elastic current transport through molecules, both
conceptually and computationally, is no more difficult than solving the
chemisorption problem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127276 </DOCNO>
Boron Abundances in Main Sequence B-type Stars: A Test of Rotational


  Boron abundances have been derived for seven main sequence B-type stars from
HST STIS spectra around the B III 2066 A line. In two stars, boron appears to
be undepleted with respect to the presumed initial abundance. In one star,
boron is detectable but it is clearly depleted. In the other four stars, boron
is undetectable implying depletions of 1 to 2 dex. Three of these four stars
are nitrogen enriched, but the fourth shows no enrichment of nitrogen. Only
rotationally induced mixing predicts that boron depletions are unaccompanied by
nitrogen enrichments. The inferred rate of boron depletion from our
observations is in good agreement with these predictions. Other boron-depleted
nitrogen-normal stars are identified from the literature. Also, several
boron-depleted nitrogen-rich stars are identified, and while all fall on the
boron-nitrogen trend predicted by rotationally-induced mixing, a majority have
nitrogen enrichments that are not uniquely explained by rotation.
  The spectra have also been used to determine iron-group (Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni)
abundances. The seven B-type stars have near solar iron-group abundances, as
expected for young stars in the solar neighborhood. We have also analysed the
halo B-type star, PG0832+676. We find [Fe/H] = -0.88 +/- 0.10, and the absence
of the B III line gives the upper limit [B/H]<2.5. These and other published
abundances are used to infer the star's evolutionary status as a post-AGB star.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4167 </DOCNO>
Theory of bound polarons in oxide compounds


  We present a multilateral theoretical study of bound polarons in oxide
compounds MgO and \alpha-Al_2O_3 (corundum). A continuum theory at arbitrary
electron-phonon coupling is used for calculation of the energies of thermal
dissociation, photoionization (optically induced release of an electron (hole)
from the ground self-consistent state), as well as optical absorption to the
non-relaxed excited states. Unlike the case of free strong-coupling polarons,
where the ratio \kappa of the photoionization energy to the thermal
dissociation energy was shown to be always equal to 3, here this ratio depends
on the Froehlich coupling constant \alpha and the screened Coulomb interaction
strength \beta. Reasonable variation of these two parameters has demonstrated
that the magnitude of \kappa remains usually in the narrow interval from 1 to
2.5. This is in agreement with atomistic calculations and experimental data for
hole O^- polarons bound to the cation vacancy in MgO. The thermal dissociation
energy for the ground self-consistent state and the energy of the optically
induced charge transfer process (hops of a hole between O^{2-} ions) have been
calculated using the quantum-chemical method INDO. Results obtained within the
two approaches for hole O$^-$ polarons bound by the cation vacancies (V^-) in
MgO and by the Mg^{2+} impurity (V_{Mg}) in corundum are compared to
experimental data and to each other. We discuss a surprising closeness of the
results obtained on the basis of independent models and their agreement with
experiment.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73244 </DOCNO>
Equilibration in an Interacting Field Theory


  We use a combination of perturbation theory and numerical techniques to study
the equilibration of two interacting fields which are initially at thermal
equilibrium at different temperatures. Using standard rules of quantum field
theory, we examine the master equations that describe the time evolution of the
distribution functions for the two coupled systems. By making a few reasonable
assumptions we reduce the resulting coupled integral/differential equations to
a pair of differential equations that can be solved numerically. Our results
show with good accuracy how these coupled systems approach a common equilibrium
temperature.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174691 </DOCNO>
High-spin states in and around doubly-magic nuclei


  The study of high-spin states in regions of doubly-magic nuclei performed
with the use of deep-inelastic heavy ion reactions is reviewed. New and
tentative results concerning high-spin states in the 48Ca and yrast structures
in 47Ca, 47K, 49Ca and 49Sc isotopes are presented. The status of the high-spin
state study in the region of 132Sn and 208Pb is outlined, including discussion
of recently obtained results in the 208Pb core and the 206Hg two-proton-hole
nucleus.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6215 </DOCNO>
Non-Arrhenius Behavior of Secondary Relaxation in Supercooled Liquids


  Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (1 Hz - 20 GHz) has been performed on
supercooled glass-formers from the temperature of glass transition (T_g) up to
that of melting. Precise measurements particularly in the frequencies of
MHz-order have revealed that the temperature dependences of secondary
beta-relaxation times deviate from the Arrhenius relation in well above T_g.
Consequently, our results indicate that the beta-process merges into the
primary alpha-mode around the melting temperature, and not at the dynamical
transition point T which is approximately equal to 1.2 T_g.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129406 </DOCNO>
A probable planetary companion to HD 39091 from the Anglo-Australian


  We report the detection of a extrasolar planet candidate orbiting the G1 V
star HD 39091. The orbital period is 2083 d and the eccentricity is 0.62. With
a minimum (M sin $i$) mass of 10.3 M$_{\rm JUP}$ this object falls near the
high mass end of the observed planet mass function, and may plausibly be a
brown dwarf. Other characteristics of this system, including orbital
eccentricity and metallicity, are typical of the well populated class of radial
velocity planets in eccentric orbits around metal-rich stars.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 74155 </DOCNO>
Oscillations of Faster than Light Majorana Neutrinos: A Causal Field


  In this paper, we carry out the canonical quantization of the field theory of
an interacting tachyonic Majorana neutrino. We show how micro-causality is
preserved in the physical scattering matrix elements between the in and out
vacua.
  The phenomenology of this radical proposal is nevertheless compatible with
normal timelike oscillations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 127530 </DOCNO>
Components of the Milky Way and GAIA


  The GAIA mission will produce an extraordinary database from which we should
be able to deduce not only the Galaxy's current structure, but also much of its
history, and thus cast a powerful light on the way in which galaxies in general
are made up of components, and of how these formed. The database can be fully
exploited only by fitting to it a sophisticated model of the entire Galaxy.
Steady-state models are of fundamental importance even though the Galaxy cannot
be in a steady state. A very elaborate model of the Galaxy will be required to
reproduce the great wealth of detail that GAIA will reveal. A systematic
approach to model-building will be required if such a model is to be
successfully constructed, however. The natural strategy is to proceed through a
series of models of ever increasing elaborateness, and to be guided in the
specification of the next model by mismatches between the data and the current
model.
  An approach to the dynamics of systems with steady gravitational potentials
that we call the `torus programme' promises to provide an appropriate framework
within which to carry out the proposed modelling programme. The basic
principles of this approach have been worked out in some detail and are
summarized here. Some extensions will be required before the GAIA database can
be successfully confronted. Other modelling techniques that might be employed
are briefly examined.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169015 </DOCNO>
Nonlinear Micromechanical Casimir Oscillator


  The Casimir force between uncharged metallic surfaces originates from quantum
mechanical zero point fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. We demonstrate
that this quantum electrodynamical effect has a profound influence on the
oscillatory behavior of microstructures when surfaces are in close proximity
(<= 100 nm). Frequency shifts, hysteretic behavior and bistability caused by
the Casimir force are observed in the frequency response of a periodically
driven micromachined torsional oscillator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98656 </DOCNO>
On projective varieties of dimension n+k covered by k-spaces


  We study families of linear spaces in projective space whose union is a
proper subvariety X of the expected dimension. We establish relations between
configurations of focal points and existence or non-existence of a fixed
tangent space to X along a general element of the family. We apply our results
to the classification of ruled 3-dimensional varieties.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128454 </DOCNO>
External Compton emission from relativistic jets in Galactic black hole


  Galactic binary systems that contain a black hole candidate emit hard X-rays
in their low luminosity mode. We show that this emission can be understood as
due to the Compton scattering of photons from the companion star and/or the
accretion disk by relativistic electrons in a jet. The same electrons are also
responsible for the radio emission. Two sources -- XTE J1118+480 and Cygnus X-1
-- are modelled as representatives of black holes with low and high luminosity
companion stars respectively. We further show that the ultraluminous compact
X-ray sources observed in nearby galaxies have the properties expected of
stellar mass black holes with high luminosity companions in which the jet is
oriented close to our line of sight.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126976 </DOCNO>
Structure of Protostellar Collapse Candidate B335 Derived from


  We present a near-infrared extinction study of the dark globule B335, a
protostellar collapse candidate, using data from HST/NICMOS and the W.M. Keck
Observatory. These data allow a new quantitative test of the "inside-out"
collapse model previously proposed to explain molecular line profiles observed
toward this region. We find that the shape of the density profile is well
matched by the collapse model, but that the amount of extinction corresponds to
larger column densities than predicted. An unstable Bonnor-Ebert sphere with
dimensionless outer radius xi_max=12.5+/-2.6 provides an equally good
description of the density profile, and is indistinguishable from the collapse
model over the range in radius sampled by the data. The bipolar outflow driven
by the embedded YSO has an important effect on the extinction through the core,
and modeling the outflow as a hollowed-out bipolar cone of constant opening
angle provides a good match to theobservations. The complete exinction map is
well reproduced by a model that includes both infall and outflow, and an extra
20% dispersion that likely results from residual turbulent motions. This fitted
model has an infall radius of R_inf=26"+/-3"(0.031pc for 250pc distance), and
an outflow cone semi-opening angle of alpha=41+/-2 degrees. The fitted infall
radius is consistent with those derived from molecular line observations and
supports the inside-out collapse interpretation of the density structure. The
fitted opening angle of the outflow is slightly larger than observed in CO
emission, perhaps because the full extent of the outflow cone in CO becomes
confused with ambient core emission at low velocities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98754 </DOCNO>
Theoreme de Van Kampen pour les champs algebriques


  We define a category whose objects are finite etale coverings of an algebraic
stack and prove that it is a Galois category and that it allows one to compute
the fundamental group of the stack.
  We then prove a Van Kampen theorem for algebraic stacks whose simplest form
reads: Let U and V be open substacks of an algebraic stack X with X = U \union
V, let P be a set of base points, at least one in each connected component of
X, U, V and U \inter V, then pi_1(X,P) is the amalgamated sum of pi_1(U,P) and
pi_1(V,P) over pi_1(U \inter V, P).

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 125653 </DOCNO>
A cosmological study of the star formation history in the solar


  We use a cosmological galactic evolutionary approach to model the Milky Way.
A detailed treatment of the mass aggregation and dynamical history of the
growing dark halo is included, together with a self consistent physical
treatment for the star formation processes within the growing galactic disc.
This allows us to calculate the temporal evolution of star and gas surface
densities at all galactic radii, in particular, the star formation history
(SFH) at the solar radius. A large range of cosmological mass aggregation
histories (MAHs) is capable of producing a galaxy with the present day
properties of the Milky Way. The resulting SFHs for the solar neighbourhood
bracket the available observational data for this feature, the most probable
MAH yielding the optimal comparison with these observations. We also find that
the rotation curve for our Galaxy implies the presence of a constant density
core in its dark matter halo.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86758 </DOCNO>
BTZ Black Holes and Hawking Radiation


  Hawking radiation emanating from a two-dimensional analogue of BTZ black
holes is viewed as a tunnelling process. Two dimensional BTZ black holes
(AdS(2) included) are treated as dynamical backgrounds in contrast to the
standard methodology where the background geometry is fixed when evaluating
Hawking radiation. This modification to the geometry gives rise to a nonthermal
part in the radiation spectrum. Nonzero temperature of the extremal spinning
BTZ black hole is found. The Bekenstein-Hawking area formula is easily derived
for these dynamical geometries.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 91 </DOCNO>
Dual proximity effect near superconductor-insulator transition


  We show that quantum vortex-loop proliferation may be one possible
explanation of the super-long-range proximity effect observed in an insulating
underdoped cuprate, using the dual theory of quantum vortices. As a test of
this scenario, we propose that a dual proximity effect experiment can confirm
the superfluid motion of the quantum vortices in the vortex-proliferated
insulator and can measure the divergent correlation lengths near the
superconductor-insulator transition.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 7291 </DOCNO>
Coupled mesoscopic superconductors


  The magnetic coupling between two concentric mesoscopic superconductors with
non-zero thickness is studied using the nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau theory. We
calculated the free energy, the expelled field, the total field profile, the
Cooper-pair density and the current density distribution. By putting a smaller
superconducting disk or ring in the center of a larger ring, the properties
change drastically. Extra ground state transitions are found, where the total
vorticity stays the same, but the vorticity of the inner superconductor changes
by one. Due to the magnetic coupling, the current in the external ring exhibits
extra jumps at the transition fields where the vorticity of the inner
superconductor changes. In this case, for certain temperatures, re-entrant
behaviour and switching on and off of the superconducting behavior of the rings
are found as function of the magnetic field. A H-T phase diagram is obtained
for the situation where the inner ring has a higher critical temperature than
the outer ring. An analytic expression for the magnetic coupling is obtained
for thin rings and extreme type-II superconductors.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96420 </DOCNO>
Flag Structures on Seifert Manifolds


  We consider faithful projective actions of a cocompact lattice of SL(2,R) on
the projective plane, with the following property: there is a common fixed
point, which is a saddle fixed point for every element of infinite order of the
the group. Typical examples of such an action are linear actions, ie, when the
action arises from a morphism of the group into GL(2,R), viewed as the group of
linear transformations of a copy of the affine plane in RP^{2}. We prove that
in the general situation, such an action is always topologically linearisable,
and that the linearisation is Lipschitz if and only if it is projective. This
result is obtained through the study of a certain family of flag structures on
Seifert manifolds. As a corollary, we deduce some dynamical properties of the
transversely affine flows obtained by deformations of horocyclic flows. In
particular, these flows are not minimal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 168118 </DOCNO>
Optimal local discrimination of two multipartite pure states


  In a recent paper, Walgate et. al. demonstrated that any two orthogonal
multipartite pure states can be optimally distinguished using only local
operations. We utilise their result to show that this is true for any two
multiparty pure states, in the sense of inconclusive discrimination. There are
also certain regimes of conclusive discrimination for which the same also
applies, although we can only conjecture that the result is true for all
conclusive regimes. We also discuss a class of states that can be distinguished
locally according to any discrimination measure, as they can be locally
recreated in the hands of one party. A consequence of this is that any two
maximally entangled states can always be optimally discriminated locally,
according to any figure of merit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3776 </DOCNO>
Bose-Fermi variational theory of the BEC-Tonks crossover


  A number-conserving hybrid Bose-Fermi variational theory is developed and
applied to investigation of the BEC-Tonks gas crossover in toroidal and long
cylindrical traps of high aspect ratio, where strong many-body correlations and
condensate depletion occur.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98301 </DOCNO>
Zeta functions and regularized determinants on projective spaces


  A Hermite type formula is introduced and used to study the zeta function over
the real and complex n-projective space. This approach allows to compute the
residua at the poles and the value at the origin as well as the value of the
derivative at the origin, that gives the regularized determinant of the
associated Laplacian operator.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73553 </DOCNO>
Decoupled oscillations and resonances of three neutrinos in matter


  In a previous paper, we gave a new theoretical framework in which three
neutrino mixing in matter are discussed. Rigorous analytical solutions are
obtained. In present paper an approximate method is developed for studying
three flavor neutrino oscillations in matter in the new framework. Using
condition of $\Delta m_{1}^{2}\ll \Delta m_{2}^{2}$, decoupled resonances,
which is discovered by Kuo {\it et al.} previously, are obtained without small
angle approximation. Calculation and approximation is consistent and rigorous.
All the formulae appear in simple symmetric form and some physical
characteristic are more explicit. Around the two resonant points, the mass
eigenvalue whose eigenfunction does not take part in the oscillation process,
can be easily calculated to higher precision. We find, the oscillation
amplitude is dominated by vacuum mixing and is smaller than 1 for smaller A
resonance, but it is not in the larger A. This is characteristic for the three
flavor oscillations, but do not exist in two flavor.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 174806 </DOCNO>
Measurement of Mutual Coulomb Dissociation in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV


  We report on the first measurement of Mutual Coulomb Dissociation in heavy
ion collisions. We employ forward calorimeters to measure neutron multiplicity
at beam rapidity in peripheral collisions. The cross-section for simultaneous
electromagnetic breakup of Au nuclei at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV is
$\sigma_{MCD}=3.67\pm 0.25$ barns in good agreement with calculations.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98865 </DOCNO>
Equating decomposition numbers for different primes


  This paper shows that certain decomposition numbers for the Hecke algebras
and q-Schur algebras at different roots of unity in characteristic zero are
equal. To prove our results we first establish the corresponding theorem for
the canonical basis of the level one Fock space and then apply deep results of
Ariki and Varagnolo and Vasserot.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 4959 </DOCNO>
Crystal Chemical Estimation of Possible Exceeding of Tc 77K in Diborides


  We establish the empirical correlation between Tc and crystal chemical
parameters in diborides. Our results suggest that Tc of diborides can be higher
77K.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126399 </DOCNO>
Extreme BAL Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey


  The Sloan Digital Sky Survey has discovered a population of broad absorption
line quasars with various extreme properties. Many show absorption from
metastable states of FeII with varying excitations; several objects are almost
completely absorbed bluewards of MgII; at least one shows stronger absorption
from FeIII than FeII, indicating temperatures T>35000 K in the absorbing
region; and one object even seems to have broad H-beta absorption. Many of
these extreme BALs are also heavily reddened, though `normal' BALs
(particularly LoBALs) from SDSS also show evidence for internal reddening.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85758 </DOCNO>
Black Holes under External Influence


  The work on black holes immersed in external fields is reviewed in both
test-field approximation and within exact solutions. In particular we pay
attention to the effect of the expulsion of the flux of external fields across
charged and rotating black holes which are approaching extremal states.
Recently this effect has been shown to occur for black hole solutions in string
theory. We also discuss black holes surrounded by rings and disks and rotating
black holes accelerated by strings.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86771 </DOCNO>
New exact solutions for power-law inflation Friedmann models


  We consider the spatially flat Friedmann model. For a(t) = t^p, especially,
if p is larger or equal to 1, this is called power-law inflation. For the
Lagrangian L = R^m with p = - (m - 1)(2m - 1)/(m - 2), power-law inflation is
an exact solution, as it is for Einstein gravity with a minimally coupled
scalar field Phi in an exponential potential V(Phi) = exp(mu Phi) and also for
the higher-dimensional Einstein equation with a special Kaluza-Klein ansatz.
The synchronized coordinates are not adapted to allow a closed-form solution,
so we use another gauge. Finally, special solutions for the closed and open
Friedmann model are found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75808 </DOCNO>
Neutrino masses with a single generation in the bulk


  In a class of multidimensional models, topology of the thick brane provides
three chiral fermionic families with hierarchical masses and mixings in the
effective four-dimensional theory, while the full model contains a single
vector-like generation. We discuss how to incorporate three non-degenerate
neutrino masses in these models with the help of only one singlet bulk fermion.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 83603 </DOCNO>
Quantum Clock Synchronization with one qubit


  The clock synchronization problem is to determine the time difference T
between two spatially separated parties. We improve on I. Chuang's quantum
clock synchronization algorithm and show that it is possible to obtain T to n
bits of accuracy while communicating only one qubit in one direction and using
an O(2^n) frequency range. We also prove a quantum lower bound of \Omega(2^n)
for the product of the transmitted qubits and the range of frequencies, thus
showing that our algorithm is optimal.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81210 </DOCNO>
Anatomy of Isolated Monopole in Abelian Projection of SU(2) Lattice


  We study the structure of the isolated static monopoles in the maximal
Abelian projection of SU(2) lattice gluodynamics. Our estimation of the
monopole radius is $ \approx 0.06 fm$.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 73462 </DOCNO>
Enhanced Electroweak Corrections to Inclusive Boson Fusion Processes at


  Electroweak radiative corrections with double-log enhancements occur in
inclusive observables at the TeV scale because of a lack of compensation of
virtual corrections with real emission due to the nonabelian (weak isospin)
charges of the accelerator beams. Here we evaluate such Bloch-Nordsieck
violating corrections in the case of initial longitudinal bosons, which is
experimentally provided by boson fusion processes, and is related to the
Goldstone-Higgs sector. All four states of this sector are involved in the
group structure of the corrections, and cause in particular a novel double log
effect due to hypercharge mixing in the longitudinal states. We study both the
light- and the heavy-Higgs cases, and we analyze the symmetry breaking pattern
of the corrections. The latter turn out to be pretty large, in the 5-10 %
range, and show an interesting Higgs mass dependence, even for processes
without Higgs boson in the final state.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 167968 </DOCNO>
On the Coulomb Sturmian matrix elements of relativistic Coulomb Green's


  The Hamiltonian of the radial Coulomb Klein-Gordon and second order Dirac
equations are shown to possess an infinite symmetric tridiagonal matrix
structure on the relativistic Coulomb Sturmian basis. This allows us to give an
analytic representation for the corresponding Coulomb Green's operators in
terms of continued fractions. The poles of the Green's matrix reproduce the
exact relativistic hydrogen spectrum.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96767 </DOCNO>
Discrete Cocompact subgroups of G_53 and related C*-algebras


  The discrete cocompact subgroups of the 5-dimensional Lie group G_53 are
determined up to isomorphism. Each of their group C*-algebras is studied by
determining all of its simple infinite dimensional quotient C*-algebras. The
K-groups and trace invariants of the latter are also obtained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 128550 </DOCNO>
BeppoSAX study of the X-ray binary XB 1832-330 located in the globular


  Results of a 2001 March 17-20 BeppoSAX observation of the X-ray binary XB
1832-330 located in the globular cluster NGC 6652 are presented. In contrast to
the majority of luminous globular cluster X-ray sources, the (0.1-200 keV)
BeppoSAX spectrum cannot be fit with a disk-blackbody and comptt Comptonization
model, unless partial covering is included. This confirms the ASCA detection of
partial covering by Mukai & Smale (2000). The best-fit spectral parameters are
similar to those of the globular cluster sources with orbital periods of <1 hr,
implying that XB 1832-330 is also an ultra-compact system. A plausible optical
candidate to XB 1832-330 has recently been discovered by Heinke et al. (2001)
which shows evidence for possible 0.92, 2.22, or 4.44 hr periodicities. We find
no evidence for any 2-10 keV periodic modulation at any of these periods with a
2 sigma upper limit to the semi-amplitude of any sinusoid of < 1.5%.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 81271 </DOCNO>
Aspects of the thermal phase transition of QCD with small chemical


  We propose a new method to investigate the thermal properties of QCD with a
small chemical potential $(\mu)$. The derivatives of the phase transition point
with respect to $\mu$ are computed for 2 flavors of p4-improved staggered
fermions. We moreover comment on the complex phase of the fermion determinant
in finite-density QCD.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 77029 </DOCNO>
Present and Future in Semileptonic B Decays


  In this talk I review the status of our ability to extract the CKM matrix
elements |Vub| and |Vcb| from semileptonic decays. I will review both exclusive
and inclusive methods and put a strong emphasis on how to ensure keeping the
extractions model independent.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75451 </DOCNO>
Tracking QCD-Instantons


  In a first part, I review our detailed investigation of the prospects to
discover deep-inelastic processes induced by small QCD-instantons at HERA. This
includes the essence of our calculations based on instanton-perturbation
theory, crucial lattice constraints and a confrontation of the recent
intriguing (preliminary) search results by the H1 collaboration with our
predictions. In a second part, I report on two ongoing attempts towards a
better understanding of the role of larger-size instantons in the QCD-vacuum
and in high-energy (diffractive) scattering processes, respectively: The
striking suppression of larger-size instantons in the vacuum is attributed to a
residual conformal inversion symmetry, and a precocious lack of ``color
transparency'' in the one-instanton contribution to the color-dipole scattering
picture is emphasized.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 169445 </DOCNO>
Stochastic Simulation of The Three Dimensional Quantum Vacuum


  A complete solution to the long standing problem of basing Schroedinger
quantum theory on standard stochastic theory is given. The solution covers all
"single" particle three-dimensional Schroedinger theory linear or nonlinear and
with any external potential present. The system is classical, set in a
six-dimensional space and involves vacuum polarization as the background
process. Basic vacuum polarization energy characterised oscillators are
identified and then in assemblies are analysed in terms of energy occurrence
frequencies. The orbits of polarization monopoles are given and shown to be
elliptical on subspaces surfaces. The basic process takes place at the speed of
light and is of a statistical "zitterbewegung" character. The orthodox quantum
probability density bilinear quadratic form is derived from angular momentum
consideration within the system which is shown to be a generalisation of the
usual quantum structure. Two statistical assemblies are identified, a linear
one associated with superposition of eigenfunctions and a quadratic one
associated with interactions between eigenstates. It is suggested that this
two-tier probabilistic system will remove some possible paradoxes that plague
the orthodox thoory. The relation of vacuum polarization in this work with its
occurrence in other physical contexts and a connection with "spin" is
discussed.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 2294 </DOCNO>
Raman Spectroscopic Investigation of H2, HD, and D2 Physisorption on


  We have observed the S- and Q-branch Raman spectra of H2, HD, and D2 adsorbed
at 85K and pressures up to 8 atm on single-walled, carbon nanotubes (SWNT).
Comparative data for H2 on graphite and C60 were also collected. For each
adsorbate, we observed a small shift in the Q-branch frequencies relative to
the gas-phase values. To aid in interpreting this result, we constructed an
H2-surface potential, including van der Waals and electrostatic terms. Computed
shifts based on this potential are in good agreement with our data.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 6652 </DOCNO>
Statistical mechanics of screened spatially indirect excitons


  We study thermodynamic properties of spatially separated electron-hole plasma
in double-layered systems using Green function formalism. The screening of the
Coulomb interaction is considered in the framework of Thomas-Fermi
approximation, and a qualitatively new mechanism of screening by indirect
excitons is taken into account. The exciton density is shown to decrease
sharply with increasing electron-hole separation up to one exciton Born radius.
The strong mutual enhancement of screening and charge-separation effects is
found.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86490 </DOCNO>
Essential and inessential features of Hawking radiation


  There are numerous derivations of the Hawking effect available in the
literature. They emphasise different features of the process, and sometimes
make markedly different physical assumptions. This article presents a
``minimalist'' argument, and strips the derivation of as much excess baggage as
possible. All that is really necessary is quantum physics plus a slowly
evolving future apparent horizon (*not* an event horizon). In particular,
neither the Einstein equations nor Bekenstein entropy are necessary (nor even
useful) in deriving Hawking radiation.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3732 </DOCNO>
Gravitational oscillations of a liquid column


  We report gravity oscillations of a liquid column partially immersed in a
bath of liquid. We stress in particular some peculiarities of this system,
namely (i) the fact that the mass of this oscillator constantly changes with
time; (ii) the singular character of the beginning of the rise, for which the
mass of the oscillator is zero; (iii) the sources of dissipation in this
system, which is found to be dominated at low viscosity by the entrance (or
exit) effects, leading to a long-range damping of the oscillations. We conclude
with some qualitative description of a second-order phenomenon, namely the
eruption of a jet at the beginning of the rise.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 97449 </DOCNO>
The Laplacian Masa in a Free Group Factor


  The Laplacian (or radial) masa in a free group factor is generated by the sum
of the generators and their inverses. We show that such a masa B is strongly
singular and has Popa invariant delta(B) = 1. This is achieved by proving that
the conditional expectation onto B is an asymptotic homomorphism. We also
obtain similar results for the free product of discrete groups, each of which
contains an element of infinite order.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 129088 </DOCNO>
Hypothesis of a daemon kernel of the Earth


  The paper considers the fate of the electrically charged (Ze~10e) Planckian
elementary black holes - daemons - making up the dark matter (DM) of the
Galactic disk, which, as follows from our measurements, were trapped by the
Earth during 4.5 Gyr in an amount of ~10^24. Due to their huge mass
(~2x10^(-8)kg), these particles settle down to the Earth's center to form a
kernel. Assuming the excess flux of 10-20 TW over the heat flux level produced
by known sources, which is quoted by many researchers, to be due to the energy
liberated in the outer kernel layers in daemon-stimulated proton decay of iron
nuclei, we have come to the conclusion that the Earth's kernel is presently
measured in few fractions of meter in size. The observed mantle flux of 3He
(and the limiting 3He/4He ~ 10^(-4) ratio itself) can be provided if at least
one 3He(or 3T) nucleus is emitted in a daemon-stimulated decay of ~100-1000 Fe
nuclei. This could remove actually the only objection to the hot origin of the
Earth and to its original melting. The high energy liberation at the center of
the Earth drives two-phase two-dimensional convection in its inner core (IC),
with rolls oriented along the rotation axis. This provides an explanation for
the numerous features in the IC structure revealed in the recent years. The
energy release in the kernel grows continuously as the number of daemons in it
increases. Therefore the global tectonic activity, which had died out after the
initial differentiation and cooling off of the Earth was reanimated ~2 Gyr ago
by the rearrangement and enhancement of convection in the mantle as a result of
the increasing outward energy flow. It is pointed out that as the kernel
continues to grow, the tectonic activity will become intensified rather than
die out, as this was believed before.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 113627 </DOCNO>
An Atom Faucet


  We have constructed and modeled a simple and efficient source of slow atoms.
  From a background vapour loaded magneto-optical trap, a thin laser beam
extracts a continuous jet of cold rubidium atoms. In this setup, the extraction
column that is typical to leaking MOT systems is created without any optical
parts placed inside the vacuum chamber. For detailed analysis, we present a
simple 3D numerical simulation of the atomic motion in the presence of multiple
saturating laser fields combined with an inhomogeneous magnetic field. At a
pressure of $P_{\rm Rb87}=1 \times 10^{-8}$ mbar, the moderate laser power of
10 mW per beam generates a jet of flux $\Phi =1.3\times 10^8$ atoms/s with a
mean velocity of 14 m/s and a divergence of $<20$ mrad.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 75415 </DOCNO>
On Type II Superstrings in Less Than Four Dimensions


  We study gauge theories which are associated with classical vacua of
perturbative Type II string theory that allows for a conformal field theory
description. We show that even if we compactify seven spatial dimensions
(allowing for one macroscopic dimension to arise non-perturbatively) the
Standard Model cannot be obtained from the perturbative sector of Type II
superstrings. Therefore, the construction of the Standard Model (or extensions
thereof) from M theory must involve fields that are non-perturbative from the
Type II perspective. We also address the case of eight compact dimensions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 95566 </DOCNO>
Quasianalytic monogenic solutions of a cohomological equation


  We prove that the solutions of a cohomological equation of complex dimension
one and in the analytic category have a monogenic dependence on the parameter,
and we investigate the question of their quasianalyticity. This equation is the
standard linearized conjugacy equation for germs of holomorphic maps in a
neighborhood of a fixed point. The parameter is the eigenvalue $q$ of the
linear part. This problem has been first investigated by Arnol'd and Herman.
Herman raised the question whether the solutions of the cohomological equation
had a quasianalytic dependence on the parameter. Indeed they are analytic
outside $\S^1$ which is a natural boundary but the solutions are still defined
at points of $\S^1$ which lie ``far enough from resonances''. We adapt to our
case Herman's construction of an increasing sequence of compacts which avoid
resonances and prove that the solutions belong to the associated space of
monogenic functions. The solutions admit asymptotic expansions at the points of
$\S^1$ which satisfy some arithmetical condition, and Carleman's Theorem allows
us to answer negatively to the question of quasianalyticity at these points.
But resonances (roots of unity) lead to asymptotic expansions, for which
quasianalyticity is obtained as a particular case of \'Ecalle's theory of
resurgent functions. At constant-type points one can still recover the
solutions from their asymptotic expansions and obtain a special kind of
quasianalyticity. Our results are obtained by reducing the problem to the study
of a fundamental solution (which is the ``quantum logarithm''). We deduce as a
corollary of our work the proof of a conjecture of Gammel on the monogenic and
quasianalytic properties of a certain number-theoretical Borel-Wolff-Denjoy
series.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 86535 </DOCNO>
On the 1/3 factor in the CMB Sachs-Wolfe effect


  We point out that a pseudo-Newtonian interpretations of the $(1/3)$ factor in
the Sachs-Wolfe effect, which relates the fluctuations in temperature and
potential, $(\delta T/ T) = (1/ 3) \delta \Phi$, is not supported by the
General Relativistic analysis. Dividing the full gravitational effect into
separate parts depends on the choice of time slicing (gauge) and there exist
infinitely many different choices. More importantly, interpreting the parts as
being due to the gravitational redshift and the time dilation is not justified
in the rigorous relativistic perturbation theory. We suggest to regard the
$(1/3)$ factor as the General Relativistic result which applies in a restricted
situation of adiabatic perturbation in the $K = 0 = \Lambda$ model with the
last scattering occuring in the matter dominated era. For an isocurvature
initial condition the corresponding result, $(\delta T/ T) = 2 \delta \Phi$,
has a different numerical coefficient.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76380 </DOCNO>
Updating V_us from kaon semileptonic decays


  We update the determination of |V_us| using semielectronic and semimuonic
decays of K mesons. A modest improvement of 15% with respect to its present
value is obtained for the error bar of this matrix element when we combine the
four available semileptonic decays. The combined effects of long-distance
radiative corrections and nonlinear terms in the vector form factors can
decrease the value of |V_us| by up to 1%. Refined measurements of the decay
widths and slope form factors in the semimuonic modes and a more accurate
calculation of vector form factors at zero momentum transfer can push the
determination of |V_us| at a few of percent level.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 85 </DOCNO>
Conditional statistics of temperature fluctuations in turbulent


  We find that the conditional statistics of temperature difference at fixed
values of the locally averaged temperature dissipation rate in turbulent
convection become Gaussian in the regime where the mixing dynamics is expected
to be driven by buoyancy. Hence, intermittency of the temperature fluctuations
in this buoyancy-driven regime can be solely attributed to the variation of the
locally averaged temperature dissipation rate. We further obtain the functional
behavior of these conditional temperature structure functions. This functional
form demonstrates explicitly the failure of dimensional agruments and enhances
the understanding of the temperature structure functions.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 76560 </DOCNO>
Primordial magnetic fields and CP violation in the sky


  It has been argued that electroweak baryogenesis generates a left-handed
primordial magnetic field. The helicity density of the primordial magnetic
field today is estimated to be $\sim 10^2 n_b$ where $n_b\sim 10^{-6}$ /cm$^3$
is the present cosmological baryon number density. With certain assumptions
about the inverse cascade the field strength at recombination is $\sim
10^{-13}$ G on a coherence scale $\sim 10^{-4}$ pc. Here I discuss the various
assumptions made in obtaining these estimates and the concomitant open issues.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 854 </DOCNO>
Photoemission from Ordered Stripe Phases


  A phase separation model for stripes has found good agreement with
photoemission experiments and with other studies which suggest a termination of
the striped phase in the slightly overdoped regime. Here the model is extended
in a number of respects. In particular, a discussion of the nature of the
charged stripes is presented, suggesting how density waves, superconductivity,
and strong correlations can compete with the quantum size effects inherent in
narrow stripes. The anomalous doping dependence of the chemical potential is
explained.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 123386 </DOCNO>
Theory of Extrasolar Giant Planet Transits


  We present a synthesis of physical effects influencing the observed
lightcurve of an extrasolar giant planet (EGP) transiting its host star. The
synthesis includes a treatment of Rayleigh scattering, cloud scattering,
refraction, and molecular absorption of starlight in the EGP atmosphere. Of
these effects, molecular absorption dominates in determining the
transit-derived radius $R$. Using a generic model for the atmosphere of EGP
HD209458b, we perform a fit to the best available transit lightcurve data, and
infer that this planet has a radius at a pressure of 1 bar, $R_1$, equal to
94430 km. We predict that $R$ will be a function of wavelength of observation,
with a robust prediction of variations of $\pm 1$% at infrared wavelengths
where H$_2$O opacity in the high EGP atmosphere dominates.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126180 </DOCNO>
The Interstellar Environment of our Galaxy


  We review the current knowledge and understanding of the interstellar medium
of our galaxy. We first present each of the three basic constituents - ordinary
matter, cosmic rays, and magnetic fields - of the interstellar medium, laying
emphasis on their physical and chemical properties inferred from a broad range
of observations. We then position the different interstellar constituents, both
with respect to each other and with respect to stars, within the general
galactic ecosystem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 96245 </DOCNO>
A Proof of the Hilbert-Smith Conjecture


  The Hilbert-Smith Conjecture states that if G is a locally compact group
which acts effectively on a connected manifold as a topological transformation
group, then G is a Lie group. A rather straightforward proof of this conjecture
is given. The motivation is work of Cernavskii (``Finite-to-one mappings of
manifolds'', Trans. of Math. Sk. 65 (107), 1964.) His work is generalized to
the orbit map of an effective action of a p-adic group on compact connected
n-manifolds with the aid of some new ideas. There is no attempt to use Smith
Theory even though there may be similarities.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 126503 </DOCNO>
The Detection of Lyman-alpha Absorption from Nine Nearby Galaxies


  We have used STIS aboard HST to search for Lyman-alpha (Lya) absorption in
the outer regions of nine nearby (cz<6000 km/s) galaxies using background QSOs
and AGN as probes. The foreground galaxies are intercepted between 26 and 199
h-1 kpc from their centers, and in all cases we detect Lya within +/-500 km/s
of the galaxies' systemic velocities. The intervening galaxies have a wide
range of luminosities, from M_B = -17.1 to -20.0, and reside in various
environments: half the galaxies are relatively isolated, the remainder form
parts of groups or clusters of varying richness. The equivalent widths of the
Lya lines range from 0.08 - 0.68 A and, with the notable exception of
absorption from one pair, crudely correlate with sightline separation in a way
consistent with previously published data, though the column densities derived
from the lines do not. The lack of correlation between line strength and galaxy
luminosity or, in particular, the environment of the galaxy, suggests that the
absorption is not related to any individual galaxy, but arises in gas which
follows the same dark-matter structures that the galaxies inhabit.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 3549 </DOCNO>
Spectral Density Functionals for Electronic Structure Calculations


  We introduce a functional of the local spectral electron density which can be
used to to compute the total energy and the local spectral function of
strongly-correlated materials. We illustrate the applicability of the method by
using as an example the long-standing problem of the electronic structure of
metallic plutonium.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 98872 </DOCNO>
On the irreducibility of secant cones, and an application to linear


  Let $Y \subset \P^r$ be a normal nondegenerate m-dimensional subvariety and
let $\sigma(Y)$ denote the maximum dimension of a subvariety $Z \subset
Y_{smooth}$ such that $Z$ contains a generic point of some divisor on $Y$ and
the tangent planes $T_y Y$ for all $y \in Z$ are contained in a fixed
hyperplane. In this article we study the double locus $D \subset $Y$ of its
generic projection to $\P^{r-1}$, proving that if the secant variety of $Y$ is
the whole space and $\sigma(Y) < 2m - r + 1$, then $D$ is irreducible. Applying
Zak's Tangency theorem we deduce the irreducibility of $D$ when $m > 2(r-1)/3$.
The latter implies a version of Zak's Linear Normality theorem.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 5221 </DOCNO>
The 2-Leg Hubbard Ladder: Computational Studies of New Materials


  Computational studies of basic models of strongly-correlated electron systems
can provide guidance in the search for new materials as well as insight into
the physical mechanisms responsible for their properties. Here, we illustrate
this by examining what numerical computations have shown us about the 2-leg
Hubbard ladder.

</DOC>
<DOC>
<DOCNO> 999 </DOCNO>
Structure and Stability of Vortices in Dilute Bose-Einstein Condensates


  We compute the structure of a quantized vortex line in a harmonically trapped
dilute atomic Bose-Einstein condensate using the Popov version of the
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mean-field theory. The vortex is shown to be
(meta)stable in a nonrotating trap even in the zero-temperature limit, thus
confirming that weak particle interactions induce the condensed gas a
fundamental property characterizing ``classical'' superfluids. We present the
structure of the vortex at ultralow temperatures and discuss the crucial effect
of the thermal gas component to its energetic stability.

</DOC>
